bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Image-guided Hypofractionated Radiotherapy as an Alternative to Radical Prostatectomy in Localized Prostate Cancer in Elderly Patients with Low Life Expectancy
Authors: Jain Neeraj , Jain Anshi , Sharma Ramita , Sachdeva Kanchan , Kaur Amandeep , Sudan Meena 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Radical prostatectomy is appropriate for any patient whose cancer appears clinically localised to prostate. However because of potential perioperative morbidity, radical prostatectomy is generally reserved for patients whose life expectancy is more than ten years. Moderate hypofractionation for localized prostate cancer is safe and effective. There is a growing body of evidence in support of extreme hypofractionation for localized prostate cancer. Hypofractionation for prostate cancer was originally carried out in the pursuit of efficiency and convenience, but has now attracted greatly renewed interest based upon a hypothesis that prostate cancers have a higher sensitivity to fraction size, reflected in a low α/β ratio, then do late responding organs at risk such as the rectum or bladder.

Material and Methods:
From January 2017 to December 2020 we treated 112 patients of localised Prostate Cancer with Image Guided Radiotherapy (IGRT). They were in range of 75-85 years. They were of stage T1-T3, N0 or N1. There were significant comborbidities. ECOG performance status was 0-1. They were given 3 months of Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) before starting IGRT. Patients were immobilised with casts and subject to CT simulation. CBCT was taken daily. Dose was 70 Gy @ 250 cGy per fraction at a frequency of 5 fractions per week. Complete blood counts were done weekly for assessment of haematological toxicity. Androgen Deprivation Therapy was continued post IGRT.

Results:
All the patients were able to complete the treatment. Evaluation was done at one month, three month and six months post treatment. 104 out of 112 patients achieved complete response. Other 8 had near complete response. There were no acute grade 3-4 toxicities. Grade 1-2 toxicities like skin desquamation, diarrhoea, burning micturition were managed conservatively. Late toxicity was rectal bleeding seen after one year of completion of treatment and was managed with steroid enemas. 23 patients required argon plasma laser therapy.

Conclusion:
Image guided radiotherapy is well tolerated, easy to implement and an effective alternative to radical prostatectomy in elderly patients with comorbidities and low life expectancy.
Predictive Factors for Bowel Resection in Childhood Intussusception
Authors: Salahoudine Idrissa , Othmane Alaoui , Abdelhalim Mahmoudi , Khalid Khattala , Youssef Bouabballah 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Intestinal intussusception is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in infants and children under 3 years of age. Any delay in diagnosis or management can lead to intestinal ischaemia and perforation. The aim of this study is to determine the sociodemographic and clinical risk factors associated with bowel resection in infants and children with intussusception.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective analytical study of 118 patients operated at the Hassan II Hospital and University of Fez between 1 January 2008 and 1 January 2018. A comparison of risk factors between patients with and without bowel resection was performed using multivariate logistic regression.

Results:
One hundred and eighteen patients met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 44% had undergone bowel resection. Age >2 years (P = 0.006), duration of symptoms progression of more than 2 days (P = 0.002), bilious vomiting (P = 0.04) and palpation of an abdominal mass (P = 0.01) were significantly associated with bowel resection. Multivariate logistic regression showed that age <2 years (odds ratio [OR] =4.47 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–17.78) and duration of symptom progression of more than 2 days (OR = 2.62 95% CI: 1.12–6.11) were independent risk factors for bowel resection.

Conclusion:
Intussusception that occurs in child old than 2 years of age, or which has progressed for more than 2 days, is associated with an increased risk of intestinal resection.
Epidermoid Splenic Cyst in Children Treated by Laparoscopic Partial Splenectomy
Authors: Sadjo Salihou Aminou , Destinval Christelle , Kouassi-Dria Sophie Amenan Kan , Lienard Julie , Ranke Aline , Larmure Olivier , Berte Nicolas , Gomola Vladimir , Lemelle Jean-Louis 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Epidermoid splenic cyst is a rare benign tumour in children, accounting for 10% of all cystic lesions of the spleen and is the most common diagnosis of non-parasitic splenic cysts. Its discovery could be incidental or happen after an imaging workup for a mass or abdominal pain. Since total splenectomy exposes a patient to the occurrence of overwhelming post-splenectomy infection, laparoscopic partial splenectomy has been increasingly popular over the past two decades because it preserves the immune function of the spleen. This technique should only be performed by a well-trained team because of the high risk of bleeding. The authors report the cases of three patients who underwent laparoscopic partial splenectomy: a 7-year-old girl with no relevant history with a 4.5-cm epidermoid cyst involving the lower pole of the spleen, a 13-year-old boy, type 1 diabetic on insulin therapy, with a 7-cm epidermoid cyst of the upper pole of the spleen and a 14-year-old girl, with no previous history, with a 6-cm upper pole epidermoid splenic cyst. Operating times were 2 h 30 min, 3 h and 4 h 30 min, respectively. The intraoperative blood loss was 100 mL, 350 mL and 300 mL, respectively. The length of hospital stay was 6 days for each patient. No blood transfusion was performed perioperatively. With a mean follow-up duration of 21 months (32 months, 21 months and 10 months, respectively), no complication or recurrence occurred.
Effect of Reduced-Step Polishing Systems on Color Stability of Nanocomposites Submitted to Thermocycling Staining with Common Beverages - An In Vitro Study
Authors: Naji Weam D. , Abd-Alla Manal H. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context:
Long-term color stability of composite resins is one of the most important factors influencing the clinical longevity of aesthetic restorations.

Aims:
This study evaluated the effect of novel reduced steps and gold standard multiple steps polishing systems of two composite resins; a nano-filled (Filtek Z350XT) versus a supra-nanofill (Palfique LX5) on their color stability after submitting to thermocycling with common beverages.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty disc-shaped specimens were fabricated from both composite resins (n = 30). From each material, ten specimens acted as the control group (Mylar strip), ten specimens were polished with Sof-Lex Diamond spirals, and ten were polished with Super-Snap X-Treme discs. All the specimens were thermocycled with staining solutions. Color was measured by a spectrophotometer before and after thermocycling and color difference (ΔE*) was calculated.

Statistical Analysis Used:
One-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test and independent t-test (α = 0.05) were used.

Results:
A significantly highest color change was recorded for both control subgroups (P < 0.05), and the Sof-Lex Diamond spiral showed significantly the lowest color change (P < 0.05). Both the control and Sof-Lex Diamond spiral subgroups of Palfique LX5 produced significantly lower color change compared with subgroups of Filtek Z350 (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Sof-Lex Diamond spiral polishing system provided the least color difference for both composites, while there was no significant difference between the materials when the Super-Snap X-Treme polishing system was used.
Salivary Calprotectin Levels and Bone Mineral Density in Post-Menopausal Women With and Without Chronic Periodontitis - An Evaluative Study
Authors: Pavithra J , Ramesh Amitha , Thomas Biju , Kumari N Suchetha , Sharmila K. P. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Menopause is a normal developmental stage in a woman’s life marking the permanent cessation of menstruation. Periodontitis and osteoporosis are noteworthy health concerns in post-menopausal women. Calprotectin is an inflammatory biomarker for precise diagnosis of periodontal disease.

Materials and Methods:
This study was performed to evaluate the variations in salivary calprotectin levels and bone mineral density in post-menopausal women with and without chronic periodontitis. The study included 24 post-menopausal women aged 45-57 years and was divided into group 1 (12 post-menopausal women without chronic periodontitis) and group 2 (12 post-menopausal women with chronic periodontitis). Unstimulated salivary samples, panoramic radiographs and clinical examination were performed.

Results:
The collected samples were combined with CALPRO antibody with horseradish peroxide (HRP) that results in the formation of antigen-antibody complex. Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) solution was added that turned blue. Colour change was measured at 450nm. A human ELISA kit was used. Data collected were sent for statistical analysis.

Discussion:
There was a statistically significant difference in salivary calprotectin levels between groups 1 and 2 (P = 0.016) and no statistical difference in mean bone mineral density levels between the two groups (P = 0.235). A positive correlation was seen between salivary calprotectin levels and bone mineral density in group 2 (P = 0.013).
Tissue Interactions in Dense Tissues of the Orofacial Region in Patients with Connective Tissue Dysplasia
Authors: Korshunov Andrey S. , Konev Vladimir P. , Kuryatnikov Kirill N. , Torokhov Andrey L. , Sarf Elena A. , Bel’skaya Lyudmila V. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims:
This study aimed to investigate the rate and quality of maturation of the mineral component of impacted teeth 38 and 48 and a fragment of the human lower jaw with connective tissue dysplasia (CTD) in different periods of postnatal ontogenesis.

Methods and Material:
The study involved 102 males (76 with CTD and 26 without CTD), divided into age groups: 31–40, 41–50 and 51–60 years. For medical reasons, teeth 38 and 48 were removed from each patient, as well as a fragment of the alveolar part of the lower jaw in the projection of teeth 38 and 48 measuring 0.5 × 0.5 cm. The odontological parameters, the mineral density of the enamel and the lower jaw, the length and width of the enamel prisms, the spatial organisation of collagen fibrils and the dimensions of the bone plates of the lower jaw were determined.

Results:
A decrease in optical density was observed at the age of 41–50 and 51–60 years with dysplasia, which indicated a decrease in mineral density and the presence of total areas of hypomineralisation relative to the age of 31–40 years. In the age groups of 41–50 and 51–60 years, pronounced sclerosis and deformation of the delimiting elements were observed at the border of the connective tissue structures and the periosteum. At the age of 31–40 years, the level of stratification of the bone plates was local; after 40 years, it was generalised.

Conclusions:
Progressive osteoporosis of the lower jaw and incomplete amelogenesis are obstacles to the correct and harmonious eruption of the lower ‘wisdom’ teeth after 30 years.
Effect of Fluoride-releasing Resin Cement on the Development of White Spot Lesions Around Orthodontic Brackets - A Retrospective Study
Authors: Mohsen Merati , Berahman Sabzevari 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims:
This study aimed to assess the effect of G-CEM, a fluoride-releasing cement, on the development of white spot lesions (WSLs) and their severity around orthodontic brackets.

Methods and Materials:
This case-control study was conducted by reviewing 140 dental records of fixed orthodontic patients presenting to an orthodontic clinic. The patients were assigned to two groups (n = 70). In group 1, Transbond XT resin cement, and in group 2, G-CEM had been used for bracket bonding. The frequency and severity of WSLs in each group were evaluated by assessing the available post-treatment photographs of patients and notes left by their orthodontist in their records in this regard. The number of teeth with WSLs in each patient was recorded, and the severity of lesions was categorised by Gorelick’s analysis.

Statistical Analysis:
Comparisons were made using independent t-test, Wilcoxon test and Mann–Whitney test (alpha = 0.05).

Results:
In both the maxilla and mandible, the prevalence of WSLs was significantly higher in the Transbond XT group than in the G-CEM group (P = 0.01). The difference in frequency of WSLs between the maxilla and mandible was not significant within each group (P > 0.05). Tooth #22 had the highest frequency of WSLs (11.4%) in the Transbond XT group, while teeth #12 and #36 had the highest frequency of WSLs (2.9%) in the G-CEM group. The difference in frequency of WSLs was not significant between males and females (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Bracket bonding with G-CEM fluoride-releasing cement significantly reduced the development of WSLs around orthodontic brackets.
Correlation of Leptin Concentration in Gingival Crevicular Fluid on the Rate of Orthodontic Tooth Movement - A Prospective Study
Authors: Alharbi Adel , Mohanty Rinkee , Tomer Geetika , Bajoria Atul Anand , Mohammed Azhar , Babaji Prashant 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
The evaluation of genetic markers in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and their connection to tooth movement can be helpful.

Aim:
The objective of this research is to assess the relationship involving leptin levels and orthodontic tooth movement (OTM).

Study Setting and Design:
Thirty individuals reporting to the Department of Orthodontics participated in an observational prospective study.

Material and Method:
Thirty orthodontic patients (15 male and 15 female) were included in the current study. The association of leptin concentration (GCF) was measured before and after orthodontic force was applied to move the mesially impacted canine distally (tooth movement distance on dental cast).

Statistical Analysis:
With the help of SPSS software version 21, the data were statistically examined using the “t” test, one-way ANOVA, and Bonferroni correction in Chicago. The average degree of tooth movement was calculated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and it was connected to the average leptin levels.

Results:
Average leptin levels in GCF elevated from baseline (T0, 285.315 picograms/micro litre) to 1 h after force application (T1, 384.683 pg/μL), then raised to a maximum at after 24 h (T2, 927.64 pg/μL), and decreased to the least amount after 15 days (T3, 29.26 pg/μL) and another time increase after two months (242.31 pg/μL). The degree of OTM was significantly correlated with the levels of leptin.

Conclusion:
While OTM was occurring, a biphasic fluctuation in the leptin level was noted. The amount of tooth movement was significantly correlated with the GCF leptin level.
Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in Elderly Patients with and without Alzheimer’s Disease - An Evaluative Study
Authors: Khan Ambar , Untoo Rafia , Patthi Basavaraj , Singla Ashish , Kumari Monika , Rajeev Ananthalekshmy 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by the loss of intellectual functions. The disorder is usually seen after the age of 60 years, and these elderly patients tend to experience a progressive decline in their cognitive and behavioural abilities.

Aim:
The present study was carried out to assess the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in elderly patients suffering from AD as compared to subjects without the disease.

Materials and Method:
One hundred elderly subjects with AD and 150 subjects without AD were included in the study. The subjective assessment of OHRQoL was done using the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Demographic and oral characteristics were assessed for dentition status with the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), prosthesis use, xerostomia and presence of oral pathologies.

Results:
GOHAI values were found to be statistically higher (P = 0.0003) in the subjects with AD. The subjects with AD were found to have a higher DMFT (mean difference = 4.11), Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) scores (mean difference = 1.54), xerostomia (P = 0.0128) and number of oral pathologies. However, the educational level (P = 0.2603) and number of natural teeth (P = 0.0006) were found to be lower in the group with AD.

Conclusion:
The present study reported that the elderly subjects suffering from AD had poorer OHRQoL than those without the disease. There is a need to comprehensively evaluate the oral health conditions of elderly patients with AD and actively provide management to improve their OHRQoL.
Surgical Lip Repositioning in Search of Aesthetics - A Case Series
Authors: Ikbal SK Aziz , Siddiqui Zeba R. , Dutta Siddhartha , Fatima Tasneem , Mehrotra Roopanshi , Yadav Surendra K. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The gummy smile (GS) or excessive gum visibility (EGV) is an aesthetic concern that affects an individual’s attractiveness and personality.

Treatment Planning:
Lip Repositioning surgery (LRP) is a less invasive surgery that can be attributed to treating EGV due to hypermobile lip muscles or mild-to-moderate vertical maxillary excess (VME). Three patients went through LRP surgery by stripping overlying mucosa from the buccal vestibule, followed by suturing the lip mucosa to the mucogingival junction (MGJ), creating shallow vestibule and restricted muscle pull and reducing gingival visibility (GV) during a smile.

Follow-up:
Three months of follow-up showed a satisfactory result with 3.67 ± 0.58 mm mean reduction in GV.
Impact of Caries Experience on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of Pre-school Children and their Families in an Indian City - An Evaluative Study
Authors: Patyal Neha , Rath Hemamalini , Mahapatra Shilpa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
The presence of dental caries may have a negative impact on well-being of children and their parents, causing pain and discomfort, leading to poor oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in them. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different levels of caries experience on the OHRQoL of pre-school children and their families in Odisha, assessed using Odia version of Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (Od-ECOHIS).

Methodology:
A cross-sectional survey was carried out on a sample of 369 pre-school children using Od-ECOHIS. Dental caries was recorded using International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) index.

Result:
The total score of ECOHIS ranged from 0 to 42 with a mean of 2.4 (±5.3) and a median score of 0. The items bearing high mean scores in the child impact section were related to “pain”, “difficulty in drinking hot or cold beverages”, “difficulty in eating some food”, and “irritable or frustrated”. Though half of children (50.4%) had cavitated carious lesions, the prevalence of negative impact was 30.6%. Compared to the child being caries-free, the expected count of total Od-ECOHIS score increased by 1.54 times if the child had white spot lesion and 1.94 times if the child had a cavitated lesion.

Conclusion:
Presence of dental carious lesions has a significant impact on OHRQoL of pre-school children and their families measured by using Od-ECOHIS even after adjusting for SES and caregivers’ perception of their children’s oral health.
A 2-decade survival from a double hemolytic disease: A case of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria with hemoglobinopathy
Authors: Chaqmachi Aria Namiq , Hussein Brwa Ali 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Due to a mutation in the phosphatidylinositol glycan class A (PIGA) gene, hemolytic anemia, thrombosis, and bone marrow failure are the hallmarks of the uncommon hematologic illness known as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Although by different processes, hemoglobinopathies, such as thalassemia, can manifest with hemolytic anemia. The 40-year-old female patient in this case study had a complicated clinical presentation with both hemoglobinopathy – more precisely, a form of thalassemia – and PNH. Abdominal pain, fatigability, and dark urine episodes were the patient’s initial complaints. PNH was confirmed by laboratory testing, which showed low hemoglobin, increased lactate dehydrogenase, and hemosiderinuria. Thalassemia was discovered by a further hematologic workup. It is quite uncommon for hemoglobinopathy and PNH to coexist. This case emphasizes how crucial it is to perform a thorough hematologic examination on patients who have hemolytic anemia to customize treatment plans and enhance patient outcomes. We will discuss therapeutic hurdles, possible treatment choices, and the clinical journey of the patient with a classical type of PNH with access only to steroids, blood transfusions, and supplements.
Association between Gestational Weight Gain and Pregnancy Outcomes in Various Body Mass Index Groups: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: De Arpita , Nigam Aruna 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Body mass index (BMI) has been known to be an important determinant of pregnancy morbidities. However, multiple studies show that the effects are equally dependent on the gestational weight gain (GWG). There is a lack of data in the Indian population, especially using the Asia–Pacific guidelines of BMI. This study is meant to identify the degree of association between the GWG in different BMIs and the development of pregnancy morbidities.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective study, in which case records of women who delivered in our hospitals during 1 year were analyzed. Pregnancy outcomes, such as growth restriction, preterm deliveries, development of hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes, inductions, and cesareans, were analyzed in three classes of GWG inadequate, adequate, and excess GWG (as per institue of medicine guidelines). The Chi-square test was done to see the difference in the pregnancy outcomes.

Results:
Of the 1396 women enrolled, women with inadequate GWG had higher preterm deliveries (13.8% vs. 4.4%, P < 0.001) and fetal growth restriction (8.8% vs. 3.9%, P = 0.003) with higher odds in underweight women with inadequate GWG (odds ratio [OR] of 2.6 and 1.75, respectively). Excess GWG had a significantly higher induction (34.9% vs. 29%, P > 0.05) and cesarean delivery rate (34.3% vs. 21.6%, P = 0.003) with higher odds seen in obese women with excess GWG (OR of 2.6 and 1.75, respectively).

Conclusion:
All women having out-of-range BMI should be identified during the first antenatal contact. Inadequate GWG in underweight women and excess GWG in obese women should be strictly monitored and targeted to prevent a wide spectrum of maternal morbidities.
Controlled severe periodontitis rehabilitation for a young patient: All-on-4/all-on-6 implant concept
Authors: Durrani Farhan , Ahlawat Shweta , Vani S. U. Gokila , Kumari Ekta 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
All-on-4/all-on-6 implant rehabilitation in severe periodontitis subjects is an unpredictable approach. Bone and attachment loss had been progressive in these kinds of individuals even after thorough treatment planning. In our report, we highlight the treatment modality in a controlled subject of this disease till complete restoration with a follow-up of 3 years.