bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study Structure and Properties of Reinforcing Rolled Coils by V-Alloyed C – Mn – Si - Steel with Dual- and Multi-Phase Microstructures
Authors: Plyuta V. L. , Vorobey S. A. , Levchenko G. V. , Sychkov A. B. , Nesterenko A. M. 
Published: September 2017

Thermo-mechanical controlled rolling (TMCR) schedules have been studied on the wire line of 400/200 section rolling mill to manufacture 6.0 – mm - diameter reinforcing wire in coils by V-alloyed C – Mn – Si - steel that has dual-phase (DP - ferrite-martensite (bainite)) and multi-phase (MP - ferrite-martensite (bainite) - pearlite) microstructures.It has been established that high tensile strength and plasticity values were achieved in this 6.0 – mm wire in coils (YS0.2= 530-550 MPa; TS= 785 – 885 MPa; El5 = 15.0 – 29.0 %) which were in full compliance with national standard specifications such as ASТM A 615 (USA), JIS G 3112 (Japan) and KSD 3504 (the Republic of Korea)), when the TMCR schedules involving laying head temperatures ТLH from 1024 ºС to 1063 ºС were employed ensuring formation of MP microstructure.
Artikel 2:11 BW: ‘doorgeefluik van aansprakelijkheid’ of ‘aansprakelijkheidsvergroter’?
Authors: Hanegraaf C.E.J.M. 
Published: September 2017

Artikel 2:11 BW: ‘doorgeefluik van aansprakelijkheid’ of ‘aansprakelijkheidsvergroter’?
Hoewel de Hoge Raad in het arrest Kampschöer/Le Roux artikel 2:11 BW tot een soort ‘aansprakelijkheidsvergroter’ maakt, laat de auteur in deze bijdrage zien dat dit artikel slechts een doorgeefluik van aansprakelijkheid dient te zijn.
Evaluation of ddRADseq for reduced representation metagenome sequencing
Authors: Liu Michael Y. , Worden Paul , Monahan Leigh G. , DeMaere Matthew Z. , Burke Catherine M. , Djordjevic Steven P. , Charles Ian G. , Darling Aaron E. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundProfiling of microbial communities via metagenomic shotgun sequencing has enabled researches to gain unprecedented insight into microbial community structure and the functional roles of community members. This study describes a method and basic analysis for a metagenomic adaptation of the double digest restriction site associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) protocol for reduced representation metagenome profiling.MethodsThis technique takes advantage of the sequence specificity of restriction endonucleases to construct an Illumina-compatible sequencing library containing DNA fragments that are between a pair of restriction sites located within close proximity. This results in a reduced sequencing library with coverage breadth that can be tuned by size selection. We assessed the performance of the metagenomic ddRADseq approach by applying the full method to human stool samples and generating sequence data.ResultsThe ddRADseq data yields a similar estimate of community taxonomic profile as obtained from shotgun metagenome sequencing of the same human stool samples. No obvious bias with respect to genomic G + C content and the estimated relative species abundance was detected.DiscussionAlthough ddRADseq does introduce some bias in taxonomic representation, the bias is likely to be small relative to DNA extraction bias. ddRADseq appears feasible and could have value as a tool for metagenome-wide association studies.
Characteristic Slip of Strong Earthquakes Along the Yishu Fault Zone in East China Evidenced by Offset Landforms
Authors: Jiang Wenliang , Zhang Jingfa , Han Zhujun , Tian Tian , Jiao Qisong , Wang Xin , Jiang Hongbo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe Yishu fault zone (YSFZ) is the most active fault in eastern China, and it is the location of anM8.5 earthquake that occurred in 1668. However, topography and landforms in this area have been greatly altered by human activity during the previous three to four decades, which makes assessment of past earthquakes difficult. We therefore used a set of remote sensing images captured in the 1960s to evaluate the single‐event and multievent cumulative offsets of streams along the fault. The local landforms have preserved the Holocene seismic offsets well despite the moderately humid climate in which the local landforms have evolved rapidly. Geomorphic markers associated with 401 systematically dextrally offset streams were analyzed and measured. These offset markers are considered to record seismic rupture processes. Cumulative offset probability densities were analyzed according to slip distributions along various subsections of the YSFZ. Four strong paleoearthquakes in addition to the 1668 earthquake were revealed by offset density peaks within the YSFZ, a finding that differs from those of previous studies. The average offset of the 1668 event is approximately 9 m. The cumulative offsets of the other four paleoseismic events are essentially multiples of the latest event. A single event ruptured more than 200 km of discontinuous fault traces. The similarity of the previous five earthquakes implies that rupturing of the YSFZ has followed a characteristic slip model during the Holocene, with a right‐lateral slip rate of 2.2–2.6 mm/yr. We expect that the YSFZ is not due for another large earthquake for several thousand years.
Multidecadal Weakening of Indian Summer Monsoon Circulation Induces an Increasing Northern Indian Ocean Sea Level
Authors: Swapna P. , Jyoti J. , Krishnan R. , Sandeep N. , Griffies S. M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractNorth Indian Ocean sea level has shown significant increase during last three to four decades. Analyses of long‐term climate data sets and ocean model sensitivity experiments identify a mechanism for multidecadal sea level variability relative to global mean. Our results indicate that North Indian Ocean sea level rise is accompanied by a weakening summer monsoon circulation. Given that Indian Ocean meridional heat transport is primarily regulated by the annual cycle of monsoon winds, weakening of summer monsoon circulation has resulted in reduced upwelling off Arabia and Somalia and decreased southward heat transport, and corresponding increase of heat storage in the North Indian Ocean. These changes in turn lead to increased retention of heat and increased thermosteric sea level rise in the North Indian Ocean, especially in the Arabian Sea. These findings imply that rising North Indian Ocean sea level due to weakening of monsoon circulation demands adaptive strategies to enable a resilient South Asian population.
Influence of velocity fluctuations on the Kelvin‐Helmholtz instability and its associated mass transport
Authors: Nykyri Katariina , Ma Xuanye , Dimmock Andrew , Foullon Claire , Otto Antonius , Osmane Adnane 
Published: September 2017

AbstractKelvin‐Helmholtz instability (KHI) and associated magnetic reconnection and diffusion processes provide plasma transport from solar wind into the magnetosphere. The efficiency of this transport depends on the magnetosheath and magnetospheric plasma and field properties at the vicinity of the magnetopause. Our recent statistical study using data from the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms spacecraft indicates that the amplitude of the magnetosheath velocity fluctuations perpendicular to the magnetopause can be substantial. We have performed a series of local macroscale 2.5‐dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the KHI during strongly northward interplanetary magnetic field and with the initial plasma parameters typical to the dayside magnetopause by perturbing the initial equilibrium with time‐dependent perpendicular velocity field fluctuations. The effect of the single‐mode and multimode seed spectrums at different frequencies and amplitudes is studied. The plasma transport in Kelvin‐Helmholtz vortices is quantified. The results show that when large‐amplitude, low‐frequency seed velocity fluctuations exist in the magnetosheath, the resulting KH waves grow faster, get larger in size, and can transport more plasma through magnetic boundary, resulting in diffusion coefficient of the order 109 m2/s. The relevance of these findings to the solar wind‐magnetosphere coupling is discussed.
Signatures of Ultrarelativistic Electron Loss in the Heart of the Outer Radiation Belt Measured by Van Allen Probes
Authors: Aseev N. A. , Shprits Y. Y. , Drozdov A. Y. , Kellerman A. C. , Usanova M. E. , Wang D. , Zhelavskaya I. S. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractUp until recently, signatures of the ultrarelativistic electron loss driven by electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves in the Earth's outer radiation belt have been limited to direct or indirect measurements of electron precipitation or the narrowing of normalized pitch angle distributions in the heart of the belt. In this study, we demonstrate additional observational evidence of ultrarelativistic electron loss that can be driven by resonant interaction with EMIC waves. We analyzed the profiles derived from Van Allen Probe particle data as a function of time and three adiabatic invariants between 9 October and 29 November 2012. New local minimums in the profiles are accompanied by the narrowing of normalized pitch angle distributions and ground‐based detection of EMIC waves. Such a correlation may be indicative of ultrarelativistic electron precipitation into the Earth's atmosphere caused by resonance with EMIC waves.
Along‐Axis Structure and Crustal Construction Processes of Spreading Segments in Iceland: Implications for Magmatic Rifts
Authors: Siler D. L. , Karson J. A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMagmatic rift systems are composed of discrete spreading segments defined by morphologic, structural, and volcanic features that vary systematically along strike. In Iceland, structural features mapped in the glaciated and exhumed Miocene age upper crust correlate with analogous features in the seismically and volcanically active neovolcanic zone. Integrating information from both the active rift zones and ancient crust provides a three‐dimensional perspective of crustal structure and the volcanic and tectonic processes that construct crust along spreading segments. Crustal exposures in the Skagi region of northern Iceland reveal significant along‐strike variations in geologic structure. The upper crust at exhumed magmatic centers (segment centers) is characterized by a variety of intrusive rocks, high‐temperature hydrothermal alteration, and geologic evidence for kilometer‐scale subsidence. In contrast, the upper crust along segment limbs, which extend along strike from magmatic centers, is characterized by thick sections of gently dipping lava flows, cut by varying proportions of subvertical dikes. This structure implies relatively minor upper crustal subsidence and lateral dike intrusion. The differing modes of subsidence beneath segment centers and segment limbs require along‐axis mass redistribution in the underlying upper, middle, and lower crust during crustal construction. This along‐axis material transport is accomplished through lateral dike intrusion in the upper crust and by along‐axis flow of magmatic to high‐temperature solid‐state gabbroic material in the middle and lower crust. These processes, inferred from outcrop evidence in Skagi, are consistent with processes inferred to be important during active rifting in Iceland and at analogous magmatic oceanic and continental rifts.
A Textile Dressing for Temporal and Dosage Controlled Drug Delivery
Authors: Mostafalu Pooria , Kiaee Gita , Giatsidis Giorgio , Khalilpour Akbar , Nabavinia Mahboobeh , Dokmeci Mehmet R. , Sonkusale Sameer , Orgill Dennis P. , Tamayol Ali , Khademhosseini Ali 
Published: September 2017

AbstractChronic wounds do not heal in an orderly fashion in part due to the lack of timely release of biological factors essential for healing. Topical administration of various therapeutic factors at different stages is shown to enhance the healing rate of chronic wounds. Developing a wound dressing that can deliver biomolecules with a predetermined spatial and temporal pattern would be beneficial for effective treatment of chronic wounds. Here, an actively controlled wound dressing is fabricated using composite fibers with a core electrical heater covered by a layer of hydrogel containing thermoresponsive drug carriers. The fibers are loaded with different drugs and biological factors and are then assembled using textile processes to create a flexible and wearable wound dressing. These fibers can be individually addressed to enable on‐demand release of different drugs with a controlled temporal profile. Here, the effectiveness of the engineered dressing for on‐demand release of antibiotics and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is demonstrated for eliminating bacterial infection and inducing angiogenesis in vitro. The effectiveness of the VEGF release on improving healing rate is also demonstrated in a murine model of diabetic wounds.
Making Superhydrophobic Surfaces with Microstripe Array Structure by Diffusion Bonding and Their Applications in Magnetic Control Microdroplet Release Systems
Authors: Wang Zhijie , Cao Jian , Jia Jianshu , Qi Junlei , Huang Yongxian , Feng Jicai 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHundreds of copper foils and iron foils with different thicknesses are alternatingly stacked and diffusion bonded, respectively. Cross‐sections of the diffusion bonded bulks are investigated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Hierarchical microstripe array structures with different groove depths and widths are successfully manufactured via selective corrosion followed by oxidation of the cross‐sections of the diffusion bonded bulks. The products are characterized via X‐ray diffraction, SEM, and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, the as‐obtained surfaces are modified with 1‐dodecanethiol to afford anisotropic superhydrophobicity. The chemical composition of the as‐obtained surfaces before and after modification is investigated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The contact angles (CAs) and sliding angles (SAs) are measured parallel and perpendicular to the grooves. The surface with a groove depth‐to‐width ratio of 0.75 and a groove‐width‐to‐bulge‐width ratio of five shows the best superhydrophobicity, on which the CAs and SAs are 162.5° and 2.0° in the direction perpendicular to the grooves and 161.1° and 0.9° in the direction parallel to the grooves, respectively. A magnetic control microdroplet release system is built using the reversible transformation of the contact states of the superparamagnetic microdroplet on the as‐prepared superhydrophobic microstripe array surface.
Highly 2,3‐Selective Polymerization of Phenylallene and Its Derivatives with Rare‐Earth Metal Catalysts: From Amorphous to Crystalline Products
Authors: Lin Fei , Liu Zhaohe , Wang Tiantian , Cui Dongmei 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRare‐earth metal complexes (Flu‐CH2‐Py)Ln(CH2SiMe3)2(THF)n (Ln=Sc(1), Lu(2), Tm(3), Y(4) and Gd(5)), upon the activation of [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] and AliBu3, were employed to catalyze the polymerization of allene derivatives under mild conditions. The Gd, Y, Tm, Lu metal based precursors exhibited distinguished 2,3‐selectivity (>99.9 %) for phenylallene (PA) polymerization, whereas the smallest Sc metal based precursor showed a moderate 2,3‐selectivity. The activity increased with the central metal size following the trend of Gd(5)>Tm(4)>Y(3)>Lu(2)>Sc(1). Moreover, Gd(5) also realized the purely 2,3‐selective polymerizations of polar or nonpolar allene derivatives, para‐methylphenylallene, para‐flourophenylallene and para‐methoxyphenylallene, regardless of electron‐donating or ‐withdrawing substituents. Owing to the highly regular backbones, these polymers (except PPA) were crystalline, thus being the first crystalline polymers based on allene derivatives.
Asymmetric Total Syntheses of Communesin F and a Putative Member of the Communesin Family
Authors: Park Jisook , Jean Alexandre , Chen David Y.‐K. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHere we report asymmetric total syntheses of communesin F and a putative member of the communesin family of bis‐aminal alkaloid natural products. The successful strategy featured the invention of an asymmetric organocatalytic reaction to unify two oxindole subunits, a Ti(OiPr)4‐mediated dehydrative skeletal rearrangement, and a late‐stage Pd(OAc)2‐catalyzed directed CH‐alkenylation reaction. Collectively, the synthetic technologies disclosed herein enabled the preparation of a late‐stage polycyclic intermediate catered for the synthesis of both naturally occurring and designed communesins. More importantly, speculated and yet to be discovered member(s) of the communesin family can now be accessed to facilitate a better understanding of the communesin biosynthetic network.
Covalent Triazine Frameworks via a Low‐Temperature Polycondensation Approach
Authors: Wang Kewei , Yang Li‐Ming , Wang Xi , Guo Liping , Cheng Guang , Zhang Chun , Jin Shangbin , Tan Bien , Cooper Andrew 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCovalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are normally synthesized by ionothermal methods. The harsh synthetic conditions and associated limited structural diversity do not benefit for further development and practical large‐scale synthesis of CTFs. Herein we report a new strategy to construct CTFs (CTF‐HUSTs) via a polycondensation approach, which allows the synthesis of CTFs under mild conditions from a wide array of building blocks. Interestingly, these CTFs display a layered structure. The CTFs synthesized were also readily scaled up to gram quantities. The CTFs are potential candidates for separations, photocatalysis and for energy storage applications. In particular, CTF‐HUSTs are found to be promising photocatalysts for sacrificial photocatalytic hydrogen evolution with a maximum rate of 2647 μmol h−1 g−1 under visible light. We also applied a pyrolyzed form of CTF‐HUST‐4 as an anode material in a sodium‐ion battery achieving an excellent discharge capacity of 467 mAh g−1.
Enhanced Photoactivity from Single‐Crystalline SrTaO2N Nanoplates Synthesized by Topotactic Nitridation
Authors: Fu Jie , Skrabalak Sara E. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThere are few methods yielding oxynitride crystals with defined shape, yet shape‐controlled crystals often give enhanced photoactivity. Herein, single‐crystalline SrTaO2N nanoplates and polyhedra are achieved selectively. Central to these synthetic advances is the crystallization pathways used, in which single‐crystalline SrTaO2N nanoplates form by topotactic nitridation of aerosol‐prepared Sr2Ta2O7 nanoplates and SrTaO2N polyhedra form by flux‐assisted nitridation of the nanoplates. Evaluation of these materials for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) showed improved performance for the SrTaO2N nanoplates, with a record apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 6.1 % for OER compared to the polyhedra (AQE: 1.6 %) and SrTaO2N polycrystals (AQE: 0.6 %). The enhanced performance from the nanoplates arises from their morphology and lower defect density. These results highlight the importance of developing new synthetic routes to high quality oxynitrides.
Cobalt versus Osmium: Control of Both trans and cis Selectivity in Construction of the EFG Rings of Pectenotoxin 4
Authors: Roushanbakhti Ahria , Liu Yifan , Winship Paul C. M. , Tucker Michael J. , Akhtar Wasim M. , Walter Daryl S. , Wrigley Gail , Donohoe Timothy J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCatalytic oxidative cyclisation reactions have been employed for the synthesis of the E and F rings of the complex natural product target pectenotoxin 4. The choice of metal catalyst (cobalt‐ or osmium‐based) allowed for the formation of THF rings with either trans or cis stereoselectivity. Fragment union using a modified Julia reaction then enabled the synthesis of an advanced synthetic intermediate containing the EF and G rings of the target.
FTESO‐Based Finite Time Control for Underactuated System Within a Bounded Input
Authors: Wang Hongbin , Zhou Zhen , Hao Ce , Hu Zhongquan , Zheng Wei 
Published: September 2017

AbstractFinite time control problem is investigated for a class of underactuated systems with uncertainties and external disturbances. For the sake of expanding control region furthest within a bound input, finite time extended state observer (FTESO) and a novel adaptive terminal sliding mode (ATSM) controller are applied to improve the stability performance of system. Compared to the general extended state observer (ESO), FTESO makes use of fractional powers to reduce the estimation errors to zero in finite time. The coordinate transformation is made for more degrees of design freedom. Rigorous analysis of finite time convergence results has been performed through Lyapunov theory and sufficient conditions are provided for the observer/controller‐design. Finally, simulation results on the Rotating Inverted Pendulum are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller and observer.
Analytic Methods for Evaluating Patterns of Multiple Congenital Anomalies in Birth Defect Registries
Authors: Agopian A.J. , Evans Jane A. , Lupo Philip J. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundIt is estimated that 20 to 30% of infants with birth defects have two or more birth defects. Among these infants with multiple congenital anomalies (MCA), co‐occurring anomalies may represent either chance (i.e., unrelated etiologies) or pathogenically associated patterns of anomalies. While some MCA patterns have been recognized and described (e.g., known syndromes), others have not been identified or characterized. Elucidating these patterns may result in a better understanding of the etiologies of these MCAs.MethodsThis article reviews the literature with regard to analytic methods that have been used to evaluate patterns of MCAs, in particular those using birth defect registry data.ResultsA popular method for MCA assessment involves a comparison of the observed to expected ratio for a given combination of MCAs, or one of several modified versions of this comparison. Other methods include use of numerical taxonomy or other clustering techniques, multiple regression analysis, and log‐linear analysis. Advantages and disadvantages of these approaches, as well as specific applications, were outlined.ConclusionDespite the availability of multiple analytic approaches, relatively few MCA combinations have been assessed. The availability of large birth defects registries and computing resources that allow for automated, big data strategies for prioritizing MCA patterns may provide for new avenues for better understanding co‐occurrence of birth defects. Thus, the selection of an analytic approach may depend on several considerations. Birth Defects Research 110:5–11, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.