bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correspondência de Octávio da Costa Eduardo para Melville Herskovits (1943/1944)
Authors: Ferretti Sergio F. 
Published: February 2017

Apresentação do problema, informações sobre a vida de Octávio da Costa Eduardo e sobre a Escola Livre de Sociologia e Política de São Paulo. Relato de pesquisas anteriores sobre religiões de origens africanas no Maranhão. Análise da correspondência de Costa Eduardo com Herskovits. Relatos sobre o trabalho de campo no Maranhão e sobre as orientações do professor ao aluno. Comentários sobre a tese de Costa Eduardo sobre o negro no meio urbano e rural do Maranhão. Importância das pesquisas sobre negro no Maranhão e novos interesses profissionais de Costa Eduardo sobre pesquisas de mercado.
BAYERISCHES STANDARDDEUTSCH
Authors: Scheuringer Hermann 
Published: February 2017

Dieser Beitrag postuliert die Existenz einer regionalen Varietät der deutschen Standardsprache im Freistaat[1] Bayern. Sie ist konsequenterweise und um denkbare Missverständnisse und Fehldeutungen auszuschließen als bayerisches Standarddeutsch zu bezeichnen.[2] Dafür werden die extralinguistischen Voraussetzungen genannt, vor allem jene historischer und administrativ-institutioneller Natur, ihre markantesten sprachlichen Merkmale vorgestellt und schließlich die im allgemeinen gesellschaftspolitischen und wissenschaftlich-varietätenlinguistischen Diskurs bestehenden Erschwernisse diskutiert, die einer breiteren Akzeptanz von bayerischem Standarddeutsch als regionaler Hochsprachvarietät neben vergleichsweise gut etablierten Varietäten wie österreichisches Deutsch oder wie Schweizerhochdeutsch entgegenstehen. Dies erfolgt im Sinne der Theorie des Sprachmanagements.

[1] Der Begriff Freistaat, wie er innerhalb der Bundesrepublik Deutschland auch von den Ländern Sachsen und Thüringen verwendet wird, hat entgegen der weit verbreiteten volkstümlichen Auffassung, dass er Ausdruck einer besonderen, mit weiteren föderalen Rechten verbundenen staatsrechtlichen Position Bayerns innerhalb der Bundesrepublik sei (oder zumindest des politischen Anspruchs darauf), de facto keine solchen Konsequenzen. Er ist lediglich als historischer Namensteil zu verstehen, wie er am Ende des Ersten Weltkriegs mit dem Ende der Monarchien aufkam, gleichbedeutend mit Republik.
[2] Begriffe wie bayerisches Deutsch oder bayerisches Hochdeutsch, wie sie durchaus zu hören und zu lesen sind, sind, wo sie vorkommen, nicht eindeutig der hochsprachlichen Ebene zuzuordnen und werden oft tatsächlich auch inhaltlich mit Nichtstandardsprache und Dialekt besetzt bzw. damit verbunden.
Aristotelov pojam dokolice (ἡ σχολή): aporetički pristup
Authors: Miljević Ana 
Published: February 2017

Neposredan povod za istraživanje sprovedeno u ovom radu je odnos savremenih autora prema Aristotelovoj filozofiji kao prema istorijskom monumentu u kome se pronalazi jedino početak misli, ali ne i samo promišljanje o stvarima koje su uzete u razmatranje. Svrha istraživanja je da se do refleksije dovede problem koji je prouzrokovao predstavljeno stanje stvari u dobu nakon kraja filozofije, kroz nesistematski pristup Aristotelovim pojmovima. Aporetičkim pristupom se pojam dokolice (σχολή) prati kroz Metafiziku, Politiku i Nikomahovu etiku. Rad pronalazi teškoće u razumevanju dokolice kao samog slobodnog vremena analizirjući odnos pojmova θεωρητικὸς βίος i εὐδαιμονία. U okviru ovog odnosa σχολή se pokazuje ne više kao odsustvo rada ili brige, već kao otkrivanje punoće bivstvovanja. Teorijski život (θεωρητικὸς βίος) je krajnja svrha čoveka i njegovih nastojanja koja se ostvaruje u pojmu blaženstva (εὐδαιμονία), a koji odgovora Aristotelovoj odredbi čoveka kao bića koje poseduje logos, dakle um koji razume i sabira bivstvovanje bivstvujućeg. Otuda rad ne isključuje vezu sa pojmom vrline ali posmatrajući je višeznačno pokazuje da εὐδαιμονία nije stanje modernog čoveka, bez obzira na to da li poseduje moralne ili umne vrline, jer moderni čovek nema σχολή u Aristotelovom smislu pa mu se i ne otkriva punoća bivstvovanja.
The Difference Practice of Condom Usage to Direct and Indirect Woman Sex Worker in Preventing HIV at Sidoarjo
Authors: Sari Elok Puspita , Hargono Arief 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTDirect Woman Sex Worker (Direct-WSW) is a woman who openly offers sex at street legal or illegal prostitution complex or ex legal or illegal prostitution complex, while Indirect Woman Sex Worker (Indirect-WSW) is a woman who operate in concealed as prostitute who works at certain job or has other main job and indirrectly offers sex at placesof entertainment as massager or public relation in bar or karaoke. The objective of this study is to know the difference practice using condom to direct-WSW and indirect-WSW in prevention against HIV in Sidoarjo. This study is an analytic observational study using survey method and case control approach. The population such as ndirect-WSW population is 20 people and direct-WSW population is 233 people. Determining the size for sample in hypothesis test using Lameshow formula by ratio 1:2 is gotten indirect-WSW sample for 20 people by total sampling technique and direct-WSW sample for 42 people by simple random sampling technique. The variables are characteristic and practice of both sample group. The result of the study shows that both respondent group are having high the practice of condom usage in preventing HIV in direct-WSW 73% and indirect-WSW 30%. The conclusion from this study is there is different practice in condom usage to direct-WSW and indirect-WSW in preventing HIV in Sidoarjo. The suggestion for further researchers to be able to expand the research sample, add other variable, and expand different research methodology like quantitative and experiment.Keywords: practice, Direct-WSW, Indirect-WSW, condom usage behavior, HIV prevention
Quality of Life in Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Authors: Yanih Irma 
Published: February 2017

Saat ini jumlah penderita Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) terus meningkat dari tahun ketahun. Penyakit SLE ini diketahui banyak menyerang wanita dengan usia antara 15-45 tahun. Pengobatan untuk penderita SLE saat ini hanya berguna untuk meredakan atau menghilangkan gejala yang muncul, namun belum dapat menyembuhkan sepenuhnya, sehingga suatu saat gejala dapat kembali muncul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran kualitas hidup yang dimiliki oleh 13 penderita SLE ditinjau dari kesehatan fisik, kesehatan emosional, citra diri, rasa sakit, perencanaan, kelelahan, hubungan intim dan beban bagi orang lain. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan rancang bangun studi kasus pada 13 orang penderita SLE yang bertempat tinggal di Surabaya dan merupakan anggota dari Yayasan Lupus Indonesia cabang Jawa Timur. Data primer diperoleh dariwawancara kepada responden dengan bantuan kuesioner LupusQoL dan pengukuran berat badan dengan bantuan timbangan berat badan digital.Pada penelitian ini terdapat 13 orang penderita SLE dengan jenis kelamin wanita yang berusia antara 15-40 tahun, berpendidikan tinggi dengan status gizi yang normal, memiliki pekerjaan dan berpendapatan Rp > 1.740.000, telah menderita SLE > 5 tahun dan memiliki pengetahuan yang baik mengenai Lupus dan SLE. Kualitas hidup yang dimiliki oleh penderita SLE menunjukkan nilai yang baik di 3 aspek yakni pada aspek citra diri, dan kesehatan fisik. Pada aspek kelelahan, rasa sakitdan beban pada orang lain masih ditemukan pasien yang memiliki kualitas buruk.Kesimpulan yang dapat ditarik adalah responden yang merupakan penderita SLE mayoritas memiliki kualitas hidup yang cukup baik kecuali aspek rasa sakit, kelelahan dan beban pada orang lain.
The Relationship between Knowledge, Sickness Period, and Intraocular Pressure to the Quality of Life of Glaucoma Patient
Authors: Ananda Efifta Pratama 
Published: February 2017

Eyes are an important sense because it has function to collect visual information, eyes can be in emergency condition if the function of sight got threatened. Glaucoma is the second causes of blindness after cataract which is permanent or irreversible. It can decrease the quality of life’s glaucomapatient. The purpose of this study is to reveal the relationship between knowledge, sickness period and intraocular pressure to the quality of life of glaucoma patient. This study is an analytical observation study which used sectional cross design study. The sample of this study were primary glaucoma patients and secondary glaucoma which have medical treatment in Rumah Sakit Mata Undaan Surabaya. The sample was choosen by systematic random sampling and the total number of sample are 68 peoples. The data have collected by having interview the glaucoma patients and seeing the medical records. To process the data, the writer used Chi Square analysis or Fisher Exact with 95% significance. The result of the study showed that there is a relationship between knowledge (p =0,033) and sickness period (p =0,035), while the intraocular pressure is not related to the quality of life’s of glaucoma patients in Rumah Sakit Mata Undaan Surabaya. The conclusion of this study is knowledge and sickness period have a relationship to the quality of life of glaucoma patients, while intraocular pressure is not related to the quality of life of glaucoma sufferers. The suggestion is to do early detection to people who have risk to get glaucoma and give an education about glaucoma disease to increase the quality of life of glaucoma sufferers. Keywords: The quality of life, glaucoma, knowledge, sickness period
Implications of New Technological Adaptions on Switching Barriers
Authors: Karunarathne E.A.C.P. , Jing Zhang 
Published: February 2017

With the technological advancements in the past few years in the mobile telecommunication industry, customer requirements and their behavioral patterns changed a lot. Implications of two of most popular such technological approaches which are independent from the service provider were discussed in this paper. Usually, firms have identified the value of maintaining a higher level of switching barriers since it is one kind of successful strategic aspects in mobile telecommunication. But, the importance of these strategies was challenged with the adoptions of new technologies. Therefore, to study its’ implication, data set was obtained by conducting a survey from randomly select mobile subscribers in Sri Lanka. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, t-test and factorial ANOVA test were used for the data analysis purpose. According to the analysis, it is revealed that these two technological advancements are weakened the level of switching barriers significantly. It may allow subscribers to switch service providers easily. On the other hand, subscribers with higher relationship age are having the highest switching barrier level even though they are users of those new technologies. But a significant difference among users and non-users has been identified through the study. Thus, policy makers are required to come up with new strategies to retain those subscribers within the network.
Relevancia del soporte nutricional especializado en las declaraciones de voluntades anticipadas. Experiencia de un centro hospitalario de especialidades
Authors: Cabeza de Vaca Pedrosa María José , Aguilar Diosdado Manuel , Vizcaya Rojas Miguel Ángel , Novalbos Ruiz José Pedro , Lorenzo Peñuelas Antonio , Valero Cabeza de Vaca José Antonio 
Published: February 2017

Introducción: la declaración de voluntades anticipadas (DVA) es un documento que contiene las preferencias sobre los cuidados y tratamientos sanitarios que se desea recibir cuando no se tenga capacidad para expresarlos.Objetivo: estudiar el contenido de las DVA inscritas en la sede del Registro de Voluntades Anticipadas del Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, respecto al soporte nutricional especializado (SNE) e hidratación en el periodo de noviembre 2013 a diciembre 2015.Método: estudio transversal realizado sobre el contenido de las DVA inscritas en el modelo del Decreto 59/2012. Se estudian 9 variables de relevancia relacionadas con el SNE e hidratación en las DVA.Resultados: se analizan 414 DVA de las que el 60% corresponden a mujeres. La edad media de los declarantes es 55,2 años. El 41,7% inscribieron su DVA por automotivación. El 84,78% no desea recibir nutrición parenteral, el 91,06% rechaza la alimentación mediante tubo de gastrostomía y el 89,37% no desea recibir la sonda nasogástrica. La hidratación es rechazada por el 71,26%. Las tres posibles opciones de SNE dependen significativamente de la edad del declarante (p < 0,001) pero no así la hidratación. Ambos, SNE e hidratación, sí se asociaron significativamente con los motivos para inscribir las voluntades anticipadas (p < 0,001).Conclusiones: la edad es el principal factor que condiciona la opción de aceptación o rechazo de SNE. Por el contrario, la elección de la hidratación no está condicionada por la edad. Los motivos por los que se inscriben los otorgantes son otro determinante en la elección de si desean recibir o no SNE e hidratación.
An iterative method for non-autonomous nonlocal reaction-diffusion equations
Authors: Caraballo Tomás , Herrera-Cobos Marta , Marín-Rubio Pedro 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In this paper we provide a method to prove the existence of weak solutions for a type of non-autonomous nonlocal reaction-diffusion equations. Due to the presence of the nonlocal operator in the diffusion term, we cannot apply the Monotonicity Method directly. To use it, we build an auxiliary problem with linear diffusion and later, through iterations and compactness arguments, we show the existence of solutions for the nonlocal problem.
Risk Management Strategies using Precision Agriculture Technology to Manage Potato Late Blight
Authors: Liu Yangxuan , Langemeier Michael R. , Small Ian M. , Joseph Laura , Fry William E. 
Published: February 2017

Core Ideas
The benefits of adopting precision farming technology was investivated in scheduling fungicide applications to manage potato late blight.
The precision farming technology is the preferred method to schedule fungicide applications in terms of disease suppression, net return per 0.41 ha, and risk‐adjusted net return.
The increased adoption of the precision farming technology would help manage late blight, limit potential crop losses, and improve net returns.
Precision agriculture has emerged as a revolutionary technology, which transforms farming related data into useful information for agricultural decision‐making. This paper compares precision farming technology with calendar‐based approach in scheduling fungicide applications to manage potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) late blight disease. Three fungicide scheduling strategies were evaluated: calendar‐based strategy, BlightPro decision support system based strategy (DSS‐based strategy), and unsprayed control. Using results from 14 yr of computer simulation experiments for 59 locations in the United States, we constructed distributions of net return to all costs excluding fungicide cost and application cost per 0.41 ha (net return per 0.41 ha) for the calendar‐based and DSS‐based strategies at each location. These distributions were then compared using three risk management methods: stochastic dominance, stochastic dominance with respect to a function, and stochastic efficiency with respect to a function. The DSS‐based strategy was identified as the most effective approach to manage late blight in terms of disease suppression, net return per 0.41 ha, and risk‐adjusted net return. Results indicate that the DSS‐based strategy is the preferred method to schedule fungicide applications. Under high disease pressure circumstances, the economic benefits to potato growers of adopting the precision agriculture technology ranged from US$30 to $573 per 0.41 ha. For risk neutral individuals, who are concerned about the difference between average net return per 0.41 ha, the benefits ranged from $30 to $305 per 0.41 ha. Except for growers raising the moderately resistant potato cultivars, more risk averse individuals tended to benefit more from adopting the precision agriculture technology, with benefits ranging from $38 to $573 per 0.41 ha.
Predictors of the level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of HIV & AIDS
Authors: Karki Tej Bahadur 
Published: February 2017

The study was conducted with the aim to explore the predictors of the level of knowledge, attitude, practices of HIV and AIDS. The study was conducted among the 404 respondents of 15-49 years in Kathmandu valley, Nepal. Quantitative technique was adopted during the data collection. Respondents were selected by using the simple random sampling. Linear regression model was used to find out the impact of demographic variables and social factors on level of knowledge, attitude and practices of HIV and AIDS. The result shows that the demographic variables only explain 10.80% of the variation in the knowledge, 39.40% of the variation in the attitude towards the HIV and AIDS and 33.10% of the variation in the practices of HIV and AIDS. Similarly, individual factors (IF), political factors (PF), educational factors (EF), economic factors (EcoF) and socio-cultural factors (SCF) only explains 17.7% of the variation in the knowledge, 12.40% of the variation in the attitude towards HIV and AIDS and 5.01% of the variation in the practices of HIV and AIDS. Individual should be sincere in his/her behavior and practices to reduce the risk of HIV transmission. Besides that, Government should take the responsibilities to address the other factors associated with risk of HIV and AIDS.Journal of Advanced Academic Research Vol. 3, No. 2, 2016, Page: 115-127
Restricted opportunity: the missing point in Nepali migration- discourse
Authors: Karki Pralhad , Manandhar K D 
Published: February 2017

Restricted opportunity is the key push-factor that compels Nepalis to leave home for job abroad. Yet it is not taken seriously in the Nepali migration-discourse. A general survey of literature of migration issues in Nepal reveals how the factor is sidelined by stakeholders of migration particularly policy makers and those who are responsible for managing the foreign employment sector. Scholars are mostly found not emphasizing the point in their academic rhetoric on migration issues. Because of this there is a trend to surround migration discussion with two themes - remittance and labor-export. Although the themes are important and relevant, they alone cannot make the migration discourse complete. Due attention should therefore be given to the restricted opportunity and all components attached to it. Journal of Advanced Academic Research, Vol. 3, No. 2, 2016 150-159
Affirmative Response Design to Polar Questions in Korean Political Campaign Debates
Authors: Bae Eun Young 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT
This study investigates the different interactional uses of yey ‘yes’ type responses (YTRs) and kulehsupnita ‘be so’ type responses (KTRs) as affirmative responses to polar questions in political campaign debates. Using conversation analysis (CA) to examine YTRs and KTRs occurring in the cross-examination phase of six nationally televised 2012 primary debates (totaling 624 minutes) in South Korea, this study shows how candidates use YTRs and KTRs in different sequential contexts to save or bolster their positive political image. Candidates tended to deploy YTRs as weak affirmation tokens when faced with factual, adversarial propositions of polar questions potentially damaging to their political image, whereas KTRs were used as strong affirmation tokens to display their commitment to propositions of polar questions innocuous or even favorable to their political image. This study uses the concepts of markedness and type-conformity to explain the different interactional functions performed by YTRs and KTRs to achieve specific communicative goals. The findings contribute to cross-linguistic investigation of affirmative response design, and hold pedagogical value for teaching affirmative responses in Korean language classroom settings.
De inwerkingtreding van inwerkingtredingsbepalingen
Authors: Borman T.C. 
Published: February 2017

De inwerkingtreding van inwerkingtredingsbepalingen
Aanwijzing 176 van de Aanwijzingen voor de regelgeving schrijft voor dat de inwerkingtreding van bepalingen betreffende inwerkingtreding niet wordt geregeld. De toepassing van deze aanwijzing roept soms vragen op. De verhouding met de elders in de Aanwijzingen opgenomen modelinwerkingtredingsbepalingen lijkt niet in alle opzichten doordacht. Een door toenmalig VVD-senator Heijne Makkreel in 1984 aangezwengelde kwestie maakt duidelijk wat de vermoedelijke achtergrond is van aanwijzing 176. In de woorden van de toenmalige minister van Justitie Korthals Altes: het voorkomen van een vicieuze cirkel, omdat anders tot in het oneindige zou moeten worden bepaald wanneer de inwerkingtredingsbepaling van een inwerkingtredingsbepaling op haar beurt in werking zou moeten treden. Het lijkt aanbevelenswaardig om bij een komende herziening van de Aanwijzingen nog eens goed te kijken naar de verhouding tussen aanwijzing 176 en de in de Aanwijzingen opgenomen modelinwerkingtredingsbepalingen.
Estructura ocupacional argentina. ¿Qué ocultan los promedios? Análisis según regiones y escala urbana (2010)
Authors: Manzano Fernando Ariel , Velazquez Guillermo Angel 
Published: February 2017

<p>El objetivo de este artículo consiste en indagar acerca de cierto comportamiento de la población en edad de trabajar con respecto a su participación en el mercado laboral, que se presentan en términos histórico a nivel nacional de manera regular. Específicamente nos referimos a las siguientes características: mayor tasa de población económica masculina que femenina, relación positiva entre nivel educativo y tasa de actividad laboral; y a la vinculación entre la edad de las personas y el grado de participación laboral –bajo nivel de participación en las edades de ingreso al mercado de trabajo y también en la edades próximas a la jubilación–. Sin embargo postulamos la hipótesis a verificar que a niveles de escalas espaciales menores, estos tres comportamientos agregados descriptos anteriormente, pierden la regularidad observada a nivel del total del país. Con respecto a la información estadística que utilizaremos en este artículo, corresponde al bloque ocupacional de los últimos tres Censos Nacionales de población en la Argentina, llevado adelante en los años 1991, 2001 y 2010.</p>