bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extent of infection by Viscum album L. and changes in its occurrence on ornamental woody species in the locality of Lednice (Czech Republic)
Authors: Bulíř Pavel 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The main goal of the research conducted in the Lednice chateau park was to map the current spectrum of host trees and shrubs. The aim of the investigation was also to record changes in the host species, namely between the years 1985 and 2016, and to get an overview of the extent and degree of mistletoe infection on the most significant tree species present in the park. Furthermore, the occurrence of mistletoe across the developmental stages of woody species was monitored. Apart from taxonomic changes also the quantitative extent and the degree of infection reported in the last 31 years, and the impact on the development stages of woody plants in the past 20 years were analysed. Among the most frequently infected taxa are currently: Acer campestre, Acer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus, Crataegus monogyna, Robinia pseudoacacia, Tilia cordata and Tilia platyphyllos. The average share of infected specimens of the above host species amounts to 34.28%. A distinctive change in frequency and infection degree was recorded in the aggregate spectrum of hosts. The presence of mistletoe was recorded in a total of 1,362 specimens (almost 12% of the trees growing in the area). Compared to 1985, the occurrence of mistletoe was newly recorded in a total of 13 families (+3), 19 genera (+5) and 42 species (+18). In Aesculus ×marylandica, Fraxinus biltmoreana, Magnolia hypoleuca ×tripetala or Malus ×moerlandsii, it was probably described for the first time ever. At the moment, the most existentially endangered taxon is Tilia cordata.
Carboxylation of phenol and its derivatives with sodium ethyl carbonate
Authors: Suerbaev Khakim A. , Aldabergenov Mayliby K. , Kudaibergenov Nurbolat Zh. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA comparison activity of phenol and its derivatives in carboxylation reaction with sodium ethyl carbonate was carried out (the ratio between substrate and sodium ethyl carbonate was 2:1, T=185°С, Pco
Effects of Plant Identification on the Generalized Predictive Controllers Design
Authors: Garipov E. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The effects of the estmated plant models accuracy on the control system signals quality after generalized predictive controllers design are studied in the paper. Two identification approaches are used for different in structures discrete-time models – by optimization procedure in Optimization Toolbox based on the plant step response as a standard deterministic plant characteristic and by functions in System Identification Toolbox after experiments with random signals on the plant. The generalized predictive controllers are design according to the estimated models. The processes in the simulated control systems are analyzed concerning the effects of different kind plant models on the designed controllers.
A simplified controller and detailed dynamics of constant off-time peak current control
Authors: Van den Bossche Alex , Dimitrova Ekaterina , Valchev Vencislav , Feradov Firgan 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
A fast and reliable current control is often the base of power electronic converters. The traditional constant frequency peak control is unstable above 50 % duty ratio. In contrast, the constant off-time peak current control (COTCC) is unconditionally stable and fast, so it is worth analyzing it. Another feature of the COTCC is that one can combine a current control together with a current protection. The time dynamics show a zero-transient response, even when the inductor changes in a wide range. It can also be modeled as a special transfer function for all frequencies. The article shows also that it can be implemented in a simple analog circuit using a wide temperature range IC, such as the LM2903, which is compatible with PV conversion and automotive temperature range. Experiments are done using a 3 kW step-up converter. A drawback is still that the principle does not easily fit in usual digital controllers up to now.
Real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) of mgc2 gene of Mycoplasma gallisepticum
Authors: Ehtisham-ul-Haque Syed , Kiran Madiha , Waheed Usman , Younus Muhammad 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Introduction:
Mycoplasma gallisepticum is considered the most pathogenic and economically significant avian Mycoplasma spp. for the worldwide poultry industry. The aim of this study was to develop a novel and sensitive real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay based on the amplification of its mgc2 gene sequence for its rapid molecular detection in poultry.

Material and Methods: Blood samples from 300 broiler and layer chickens were screened using a rapid serum agglutination (RSA) test. A real-time LAMP reaction was conducted with seropositive swab samples at 60°C for 90 min in an ESEQuant tube scanner using 6-carboxyfluorescein as the reporting dye.

Results: The sensitivity of the developed assay was 10 fg/μL of DNA. The assay was found 100% specific, showing no cross-reactivity with other avian Mycoplasma species. The proportion found of the positive samples by the real-time LAMP was 58%. In comparison, the RSA was found to detect 52% of positive cases.

Conclusion: The mgc2 real-time LAMP emerged as a more sensitive and accurate method for molecular detection of M. gallisepticum than RSA. Robustness and precision give it applicability as a potential field diagnostic tool for M. gallisepticum control. The study will be beneficial in reducing economic losses that M. gallisepticum inflicts on the poultry industry. This is the first reported development of a real-time LAMP assay based on the amplification of the mgc2 gene sequence using an ESEQuant tube scanner for galline M. gallisepticum detection.
Influence sampling of trailing variables of dynamical systems
Authors: Krause Paul 
Published: November 2017

AbstractFor dealing with dynamical instability in predictions, numerical models should be provided with accurate initial values on the attractor of the dynamical system they generate. A discrete control scheme is presented to this end for trailing variables of an evolutive system of ordinary differential equations. The Influence Sampling (IS) scheme adapts sample values of the trailing variables to input values of the determining variables in the attractor. The optimal IS scheme has affordable cost for large systems. In discrete data assimilation runs conducted with the Lorenz 1963 equations and a nonautonomous perturbation of the Lorenz equations whose dynamics shows on-off intermittency the optimal IS was compared to the straightforward insertion method and the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF). With these unstable systems the optimal IS increases by one order of magnitude the maximum spacing between insertion times that the insertion method can handle and performs comparably to the EnKF when the EnKF converges. While the EnKF converges for sample sizes greater than or equal to 10, the optimal IS scheme does so fromsample size 1. This occurs because the optimal IS scheme stabilizes the individual paths of the Lorenz 1963 equations within data assimilation processes.
The Status of Anxiety (Angst) in Bolesław Prus’s The Doll: Figures of Speech, Metaphors and Places of Inderminacy
Authors: Brejnak Sebastian 
Published: November 2017

Summary
The article argues that anxiety (a form of existential Angst) is a basic mood that shapes the experiences of all the characters, including Stanisław Wokulski, in Bolesław Prus’s The Doll (1887–1889). The term occurs in the text of the novel itself both explicitly (most often as part of various phrases) and implicitly. The article focuses primarily on symbolic representations of anxiety and its suppression. This is done by means of metaphors, topoi and a system of cultural and social codes that make their appearance in the novel in a condensed form as dynamic figures (e.g. a stone, a shadow, or a mirror). They are also introduced by means of a juxtaposition between the experience of anxiety and attempts to cope with it, to enforce a ‘state of calm’, an illusory existential balance. In his reading of the novel the author of this article draws on Martin Heidegger’s concept of anxiety (Angst) and his distinction between authentic and inauthentic existence in Being and Time; he also draws on the latest developments in criticism, especially the so-called affective turn.
Wisława Szymborska’s All Feminist Readings
Authors: Świerkosz Monika 
Published: November 2017

Summary
The article analyzes the reading strategies that are inscribed into Wisława Szymborska’s reviews and feuilletons in the collection Wszystkie lektury nadobowiązkowe [All Non-Obligatory Readings] published in 2015. Drawing on the figure of an implied woman reader described and defines by Ewa Kraskowska (and earlier by Anna Bojarska), the article identifies a number of traces that reveal Szymborska’s gender-oriented sensitivity of various mechanisms excluding women from history and cultural history. However, to deconstruct the false universality of dominant order she employs not so much empathy with the excluded (not just women) as irony disguised by a mask of naiveté. In this way she conducts her critique of the grand narratives from a somewhat different perspective than second wave difference feminism, expanding her range of feminist readings to include postcolonial and posthmanist themes.
‘I Want to be a Free Man in a Free World’, Or Romantic Terrorism and the Failed Revolution in Józef Łobodowski’s Liberation
Authors: Gac Dominik 
Published: November 2017

Summary
This article is the first critical analysis and interpretation of Liberation (Wyzwolenie), the only drama in the oeuvre of Józef Łobodowski. Written in 1933 and deposited in the 1980s at the Józef Czechowicz Museum of Literature in Lublin, Liberation has remained unpublished and practically forgotten. It is however a notable example of political drama dealing with socialism and communism, and in particular the author’s bitter reflection about the failure of the leftist ideals in the aftermath of World War I. Using a variety of interpretative tropes, the article examines, firstly, the links between the plot of the play and Łobodowski’s own experiences (the autobiographical elements are quite prominent), and, secondly, the network of references and correspondences between Liberation and Łobodowski’s émigré novels. What this analysis shows as well is the prominence of Romantic themes in the writer’s fiction.
Apocryphal Maternities of Joanna Mueller: Between Corporeality and Textuality
Authors: Gawron Agnieszka 
Published: November 2017

Summary
This is an attempt at interpreting Joanna Mueller’s book of essays Coating the Baby in the Womb: Prenatal Apocryphas (Powlekać rosnące. Apokryfy prenatalne) published in 2013. The ‘apocrypha’ of the title is explained by means of structural and intertextual analyses probing into the complex relationships between the maternal corporeality and the textual dimension of reality. Coating the Baby in the Womb is treated here as a complex linguistic and existential project in which maternity and the creative act are two aspects of the same experience, interacting and shaping one another, drawing on the same vocabulary. This process produces recurrent textual figures, e.g. the Platonic metaxy (μεταξύ) or the exuvium, which refer both to the ontology of maternal subjectivity and the nature of the creative process. The article argues that Joanny Mueller’s ‘maternal personal criticism’ represents a subversive (‘apocryphal’) type of discourse, opposed to both the discourse of science and that of culture.
Der Wert von Versorgungssicherheit mit Strom: Evidenz für deutsche Haushalte
Authors: Frondel Manuel , Sommer Stephan 
Published: November 2017

Zusammenfassung:
Dieser Artikel untersucht auf Basis einer Befragung von mehr als 5.000 Haushaltsvorständen, wie viel sie für Versorgungssicherheit mit Strom zu zahlen bereit sind. Alternativ zur Zahlungsbereitschaft (willingness to pay, WTP) wird auch nach der Bereitschaft gefragt, gegen eine Entschädigungszahlung auf ein gewisses Maß an Versorgungssicherheit zu verzichten (willingness to accept, WTA). In Übereinstimmung mit zahlreichen empirischen Studien finden wir mittlere WTA-Werte, die deutlich über den mittleren WTP-Werten für die Vermeidung eines unangekündigten, vierstündigen Stromausfalls liegen. Den Grund für diese Diskrepanz sehen wir darin, dass die bekundeten Entschädigungsforderungen für den Verzicht auf Versorgungssicherheit tendenziell über dem tatsächlichen Wert liegen, der der Versorgungssicherheit mit Strom beigemessen wird, wohingegen die dafür bekundete Zahlungsbereitschaft tendenziell untertrieben wird.
Vibration Analysis of Composite Beams with Sinusoidal Periodically Varying Interfaces
Authors: Li Botong , Liu Chein-Shan , Zhu Liangliang 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
As an increasing variety of composite materials with complex interfaces are emerging, we develop a theory to investigate composite beams and shed some light on new physical insights into composite beams with sinusoidal periodically varying interfaces. For the natural vibration of composite beams with continuous or periodically varying interfaces, the governing equation has been derived according to the generalised Hamiltonian principle. For composite beams having different boundary conditions, we transform the governing equations into integral equations and solve them by using the sinusoidal functions as test functions as well as the basis of the vibration modes. Due to the orthogonality of the sinusoidal functions, expansion coefficients in closed form can be found. Therefore, the proposed iterative schemes, with the help of the Rayleigh quotient and boundary functions, can quickly find the eigenvalues and free vibration modes. The obtained natural frequencies agree well with those obtained using the finite element method. In addition, the proposed method can be extended easily to laminated composite beams in more general cases or complex components and geometries in vibration engineering. The effects of different material properties of the upper and lower components and varying interface geometry function on the frequency of the composite beams are examined. According to our investigation, the natural frequency of a laminated beam with a continuous or periodically varying interface can be changed by altering the density or elastic modulus. We also show the responses of the frequencies of the components to the varying periodic interface.
Die Außenpolitik der Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika und ihr Bekenntnis zum multilateralen Internationalismus
Authors: Salzmann Thomas Peter 
Published: November 2017

U.S. foreign policy and its commitment to multilateral internationalism	In the present paper I will argue that the Truman and the Eisenhower	Administration, in dealing with post-war Germany, the Soviet Union and	the Cold War, followed a policy of multilateral internationalism. After	having introduced this concept in the first part, the second part will deal with	the question whether the reorientation that George W. Bush has brought	about in U.S. foreign policy has fundamentally altered its basic focus on	multilateral internationalism. Based on an analysis of Barack Obama's	foreign policy it will be argued against such an alleged profound change.
Südtiroler Moschee-Konflikte seit den 1990-er Jahren Argumentationslinien in den Tageszeitungen „Dolomiten“ und „Alto Adige“
Authors: Oberbichler Sarah 
Published: November 2017

South Tyrolean’s Mosque conflicts since the 1990sLines of argumentation in the newspaper “Dolomiten” and “Alto Adige” The following paper is about the perception of mosque buildings in the daily South Tyrolean newspaper, the German-language ‘Dolomiten’ and the Italian-language ‘Alto Adige’. The particle has two aims, for one, it gives an historical overview about the mosque debates in South Tyro from 1990 until today. Building on that, the paper offers an analysis, and particularly a comparison, of argumentation paradigms present in the two South Tyrolean newspapers. As will be seen, both newspaper use argumentation patterns in different kind of ways.
Member states’ opposition in the Council of the European Union and its impacts on the implementation of directives
Authors: Pircher Brigitte 
Published: November 2017

In the Council of the European Union (EU), a qualified majority is mostly required to adopt legislative acts. Based on this majority rule, individual member states can be outvoted and are subsequently obliged to implement the law. This article analyses whether opposition in the Council of the EU affects the transposition of directives into national law by using the example of Austria from 2000 to 2008. The results demonstrate that domestic factors, rather than a negative political attitude, were responsible for delays and procedures when implementing previously contested directives. However, the effects of opposition in the Council on implementation were particularly apparent in cases where there was a high degree of misfit between EU provisions and the domestic legal structure.
Economic Impact of Residual Nitrogen and Preceding Crops on Wheat and Canola
Authors: Khakbazan M. , Grant C. A. , Huang J. , Zhong C. , Smith E. G. , O'Donovan J. T. , Mohr R. M. , Blackshaw R. E. , Harker K. N. , Lafond G. P. , Johnson E. N. , May W. E. , Turkington T. K. , Gan Y. , Lupwayi N. Z. , Luce M. St. 
Published: November 2017

Core Ideas
Study on the residual effects of preceding crops and past N management on wheat and canola.Initial positive impact of legume preceding crops on net revenue diminished over time.Residual N had positive effects on net revenue, especially at the highest N rate.Annual fertilization based on production capacity of the region gave the best economic results.Dry conditions allow excess N to remain in soil as residual N, reducing the economic risk of fertilizer over‐application.
A 6‐yr study was conducted across western Canada to evaluate the residual effects of preceding crops (PCs) and past N rate management on the economics of subsequent wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.). Field pea (Pisum sativum L.), lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), canola and wheat harvested for grain, and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) grown and harvested for grain or as a green manure were direct seeded in 2009. Canola was seeded in 2010, barley in 2011, and canola again in 2012 with fertilizer N applied at varying rates for each crop. Spring wheat grown in 2013 and canola in 2014, both without N application, were used to determine residual PC and residual N effects. The positive benefit of legume PCs on the annual crop net revenue (NR) of wheat and canola crops diminished over time. Residual N from previously applied N had positive effects on annual wheat NR in 2013, but only the highest application rate contributed significantly to canola NR in 2014. The NR was greatest with an annual fertilization program based on regional production capacity, but under the dry conditions of the Canadian prairies excess N remaining in the soil after crop production could remain in the soil as residual N to be used by following crops. While generally insufficient to optimize crop production, residual N can reduce the economic risk from over‐application of fertilizer if N is not utilized by the crop due to adverse growing conditions in the year of fertilizer application.
Shifts in Soybean Yield, Nutrient Uptake, and Nutrient Stoichiometry: A Historical Synthesis‐Analysis
Authors: Balboa Guillermo R. , Sadras Victor O. , Ciampitti Ignacio A. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTFew studies have investigated changes over time in nutrient uptake and yield, in addition to the study of nutrient stoichiometry as a metric of nutrient limitations in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. A comprehensive synthesis‐analysis was performed by compiling a global historical soybean database of yield, total biomass, and nutrient (N, P, and K) content and concentration in studies published from 1922 to 2015. This period was divided in three eras based on genetically modified soybean events: Era I (1922–1996), Era II (1997–2006), and Era III (2007–2015). The main findings of this review are: (i) seed yield improved from 1.3 Mg ha−1 in the 1930s to 3.2 Mg ha−1 in the 2010s; (ii) yield increase was primarily driven by increase in biomass rather than harvest index (HI); (iii) both N and P HIs increased over time; (iv) seed nutrient concentration remained stable for N and declined for both P (18%) and K (13%); (v) stover nutrient concentration remained stable for N, diminished for P, and increased for K; (vi) nutrient ratios portray different trends for N/P (Era I and III > II), N/K (Era I > II and III), and K/P (Era II and III > I); (vii) yield per unit of nutrient uptake (internal efficiency) increased for N (33%) and P (44%) and decreased for K (11%); and (viii) variations in nutrient internal efficiency were primarily explained by increase in nutrient HI for N and K, but equally explained by both HI for P and seed P concentration. These findings have implications for soybean production and integrated nutrient management to improve yield, nutrient use efficiency, and seed nutrient composition.
Clinical and histologic features of acute-onset erythroderma in dogs with gastrointestinal disease: 18 cases (2005–2015)
Authors: Cain Christine L. , Bradley Charles W. , Mauldin Elizabeth A. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical and histologic features of acute erythroderma in dogs with gastrointestinal disease.
DESIGN Retrospective case series.
ANIMALS 18 dogs with erythroderma and gastrointestinal disease.
PROCEDURES Medical records and biopsy specimens were reviewed. Information collected from medical records included signalment, clinical signs, physical examination and diagnostic test results, treatment, and outcome. The Naranjo algorithm was used to estimate the probability of an adverse drug reaction for each dog.
RESULTS All dogs had an acute onset of erythematous macules or generalized erythroderma. Histologic features of skin biopsy specimens had 3 patterns representing a progressive spectrum of inflammation. Most dogs had vomiting (n = 17) and hematochezia (10). Signs of gastrointestinal disease became evident before, after, or concurrent with the onset of skin lesions in 10, 3, and 5 dogs, respectively. Inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatitis, and adverse food reaction were diagnosed in 5, 3, and 3 dogs, respectively. The cause of the gastrointestinal signs was not identified for 8 dogs. Eight dogs had a Naranjo score consistent with a possible adverse drug reaction. Treatment of skin lesions included drug withdrawal (n = 15), antihistamines (16), and corticosteroids (14). Signs of gastrointestinal disease and skin lesions resolved at a mean of 4.6 days and 20.8 days, respectively, after onset.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated acute erythroderma may be associated with > 1 gastrointestinal disease or an adverse drug reaction in some dogs. Recognition of the clinical and histologic features of this syndrome is essential for accurate diagnosis.