bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural model of self‐care agency in patients with diabetes: A path analysis of the Instrument of Diabetes Self‐Care Agency and body self‐awareness
Authors: Waki Sachiko , Shimizu Yasuko , Uchiumi Kyoko , Asou Kawai , Kuroda Kumiko , Murakado Naoko , Seto Natsuko , Masaki Harue , Ishii Hidetoki 
Published: May 2016

AimThe aim of this study was to examine a causal model of self‐care agency by exploring the relationship between the structure of “body self‐awareness” and the structure of the Instrument of Diabetes Self‐Care Agency (IDSCA).MethodsThe participants were 353 patients with diabetes. The internal consistency of the six items for body self‐awareness was examined by calculating the factor structure using principal factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha. In order to examine the relationship between the seven factors in the IDSCA, a path analysis was conducted.ResultsWith regard to the factor structure, the factor loading of these five items was 0.511–0.743 (α = 0.739). In the path analysis, “body self‐awareness” was influenced by the “ability to acquire knowledge” and had a direct effect (0.33) on the “motivation to self‐manage”, while “motivation to self‐manage” had an effect (−0.32) on the “ability to self‐manage”. The Goodness‐of‐Fit Index was 0.974.Conclusion“Body self‐awareness” plays a part in the self‐care operation process and serves as an intermediary factor to enable the performance of self‐care operations by making the most use of self‐care agency. Moreover, striking a proper balance between self‐management that is focused on the treatment of diabetes and a person's ability for self‐management of diabetes was found to be important.
Managing Work Across Shifts: Not All Shifts Are Equal
Authors: Rodwell John , Fernando Julian 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPurposeDespite the prevalence of shiftwork, the mechanisms underlying its effects on nurses’ well‐being and adaptation to the shifts are not fully understood. This study examines whether the characteristics of the person, particularly chronotype, and aspects of the situation (i.e., shift schedule and the nature of work on each shift for each work context) affect job‐specific and general well‐being above and beyond potential confounds such as age and negative affectivity (NA).DesignPrimarily surveys of Australian nurses (N = 446) in three contexts (general acute hospital, maternity hospital, aged care).ConclusionsThe findings highlight the role of nurses’ dispositional characteristics, especially NA and in certain contexts chronotype, as well as the need to consider the nature of the work conducted on each shift within a context.Clinical RelevanceNurse managers need to consider the nature of the work conducted on each shift, whether to look at balancing workloads or setting up processes for handling spikes in workload, especially administration.
Family involvement in emergency department discharge education for older people
Authors: Palonen Mira , Kaunonen Marja , Åstedt‐Kurki Päivi 
Published: May 2016

Aims and objectivesTo report findings concerning family involvement in emergency department discharge education for older people.BackgroundThe current trend of population ageing in Western countries has caused an increase in emergency department visits. Due to the continuing improvement in the mental and physical status of older people, they are frequently discharged home. Proper discharge education enables older people and their families to better understand how they can cope with the medical issue at home. Given the lack of research, we know relatively little about the significance of family involvement in older people's emergency department discharge education.DesignA descriptive qualitative design was used.MethodsQualitative thematic interviews of seven older patients, five family members and fifteen nurses were conducted. Data were analysed using content analysis.ResultsFamily involvement in discharge education was seen as turbulent. The experiences were twofold: family involvement was acknowledged, but there was also a feeling that family members were ostracised. Families were seen as a resource for nurses, but as obliged initiators of their own involvement.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that family members are not considered participants in emergency department care. For a family‐friendly approach, actions should be taken on both individual and organisational levels.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings support healthcare providers and organisation leaders in promoting family involvement in discharge education for older people. Families can be encouraged to be involved without feeling responsible for the interaction.
Intentional Rounding: a staff‐led quality improvement intervention in the prevention of patient falls
Authors: Morgan Lauren , Flynn Lorna , Robertson Eleanor , New Steve , Forde‐Johnston Carol , McCulloch Peter 
Published: May 2016

Aims and objectivesThis study designed and evaluated the use of a specific implementation strategy to deliver a nursing staff‐led Intentional Rounding intervention to reduce inpatient falls.BackgroundPatient falls are a common cause of harm during hospital treatment. Intentional Rounding has been proposed as a potential strategy for prevention, but has not received much objective evaluation. Previous work has suggested that logical interventions to improve patient care require an integrated implementation strategy, using teamwork training and systems improvement training, to instigate positive change and improvement.MethodsCustomised Intentional Rounding was implemented and evaluated as part of a staff‐led quality improvement intervention to reduce falls on a neuroscience ward. Intentional Rounding was instigated using a prespecified implementation strategy, which comprised of: (1) engagement and communication activities, (2) teamwork and systems improvement training, (3) support and coaching and (4) iterative Plan‐Do‐Check‐Act cycles. Process (compliance with hourly visiting to patients by staff) and outcome (incidence of falls) measures were recorded pre‐ and postintervention. Falls measured on the active ward were compared with incidence of falls in 50 wards across the rest of the same Trust.ResultsThere was a 50% reduction in patient falls on the active ward vs. a minimal increase across the rest of the Trust (3·48%). Customised Intentional Rounding, designed by staff specifically for the context, appeared to be effective in reducing patient falls.ConclusionsImprovement programmes based on integrating teamwork training and staff‐led systems redesign, together with a preplanned implementation strategy, can deliver effective change and improvement.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study demonstrates, through the implementation of a specific strategy, an effective improvement intervention to reduce patient falls. It provides insight into the effective design and practical implementation of integrated improvement programmes to reduce risk to patients at the frontline.
Pre‐pregnancy body mass index, height and physical activity are associated with rate of gestational weight gain among Malaysian mothers
Authors: Yong Heng Yaw , Mohd Shariff Zalilah , Koo Shi Jia , Binti Sa'ari Norul Syurafak 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAimBoth inadequate and excessive weight gain during pregnancy can have immediate and long‐term health risks for women and infants. This study investigated rate of gestational weight gain (GWG) and its associated factors in Malaysian pregnant women.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted at maternal and child health clinics in Selangor and Negeri Sembilan between November 2010 and April 2012. A pre‐tested questionnaire was used to obtain sociodemographic, obstetric, dietary intake and physical activity information. Current weight and height were measured using standard procedures. GWG rate was calculated as the average weekly weight gain in that particular trimester of pregnancy and further categorized according to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations.ResultsMean GWG rate for all pre‐pregnancy BMI categories in the second and third trimesters was higher than the IOM recommendations. Overweight women (adjusted OR, 4.26; 95%CI: 1.92–9.44) and women <153 cm tall (adjusted OR, 1.96; 95%CI: 1.21–3.18) tend to have inadequate GWG rate. Women with high pre‐pregnancy body mass index (BMI; ≥25.0 kg/m2; overweight: adjusted OR, 3.88; 95%CI: 2.12–7.09; obese: adjusted OR, 2.34; 95%CI: 1.28–4.29) and low physical activity (adjusted OR, 1.74; 95%CI: 0.77–3.97) were two–threefold more likely to have excessive GWG.ConclusionBoth inadequate and excessive GWG can have detrimental effects on the health of mothers and infants. Pre‐pregnancy BMI, height and physical activity should be emphasized in prenatal care to ensure that women have adequate GWG rate.
Paired boxed gene 1 expression: A single potential biomarker for differentiating endometrial lesions associated with favorable outcomes in patients with endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Liu Li‐Chun , Lai Hung‐Cheng , Chou Yu‐Ching , Huang Rui‐Lan , Yu Mu‐Hsien , Lin Chi‐Pin , Tsai Wen‐Chiuan , Chiang Kai‐Jo , Wang Yu‐Chi , Chao Tai‐Kuang 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAimPaired boxed gene 1 (PAX1) has previously been reported to be a methylation‐silenced gene in cases of cervical and ovarian cancers. We evaluated the expression of PAX1 in normal endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma (EC), and investigated the prognostic value of PAX1 expression in patients with EC.MethodsWe conducted a hospital‐based retrospective review of PAX1 distribution immunohistochemically in 201 samples of endometrium from biopsy or hysterectomy. PAX1 immunoreactivity was classified into low and high score groups based upon the extent and intensity of staining.ResultsThere was intense intranuclear staining for PAX1 in premalignant endometrial lesions. A high PAX1 score was observed in a high percentage of samples of normal endometrium (93.3%), in endometrial hyperplasia without atypia (97.2%) and in endometrial atypical hyperplasia (87.5%), but this level was found in only one‐third of the EC samples (30.1%). The PAX1 protein score was significantly higher in samples of premalignant endometrial lesions compared with those of EC (P < 0.001). Importantly, a higher PAX1 score in EC cases was correlated with good overall survival, with a hazard ratio of 0.22 for death (95% confidence interval, 0.05–0.96).ConclusionsPAX1 protein expression is a potential histopathology biomarker for the differential diagnosis of malignant and premalignant endometrial lesions. PAX1 is also a potential prognostic marker in cases of EC.
EXPLORING DEPRESSION AMONGST KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Veater Nicola Lusia , East Linda 
Published: May 2016

SUMMARYBackgroundDespite the benefits of receiving a donor kidney, there is evidence of persistent depression amongst the transplant population. Healthcare professionals should endeavour to put in place strategies for the prevention, identification and management of depression.ObjectivesTo critically examine recent research concerning the prevalence, detection and impact of depression amongst kidney transplant recipients, leading to recommendations for practice improvement.DesignThe ‘matrix method’ was used to identify and review relevant literature. An online search was performed using three electronic databases: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), MEDLINE® and Web of Science. The search limits were that the papers reported the findings of primary research studies, published in English in a peer‐reviewed journal; involved adult participants and were published between 2000 and 2015. Following critical appraisal of the included studies, a review matrix was produced that identified four emerging themes.ResultsThe review confirmed that kidney transplant recipients experience less depression than those who receive other renal replacement therapies. However, depressive illness is still more common amongst kidney transplant recipients than the general population. There are many risk factors for depression and there is evidence of an association between depression and mortality in the transplant population. Routine screening for depression is highly recommended yet rarely seen in practice.ConclusionIncreasing awareness and educating healthcare professionals about depression amongst kidney transplant recipients is essential to allow for earlier identification and treatment. Screening could provide earlier detection of depression and allow for higher social and psychological support for these patients. Further intervention studies and longitudinal assessments would enhance the understanding of the development and effective management of depressive symptoms.
CAN NEW LIGHT RAIL REDUCE PERSONAL VEHICLE CARBON EMISSIONS? A BEFORE‐AFTER, EXPERIMENTAL‐CONTROL EVALUATION IN LOS ANGELES
Authors: Boarnet Marlon G. , Wang Xize , Houston Douglas 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper uses a before‐after, experimental‐control group method to evaluate the impacts of the newly opened Expo light rail transit line in Los Angeles on personal vehicle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. We applied the California Air Resources Board's EMFAC 2011 emission model to estimate the amount of daily average CO2 emissions from personal vehicle travel for 160 households across two waves, before and after the light rail opened. The 160 households were part of an experimental–control group research design. Approximately half of the households live within a half‐mile of new Expo light rail stations (the experimental group) and the balance of the sampled households live beyond a half‐mile from Expo light rail stations (the control group). Households tracked odometer mileage for all household vehicles for seven days in two sample waves, before the Expo Line opened (fall, 2011) and after the Expo Line opened (fall, 2012). Our analysis indicates that opening the Expo Line had a statistically significant impact on average daily CO2 emissions from motor vehicles. We found that the CO2 emission of households who reside within a half‐mile of an Expo Line station was 27.17 percent smaller than those living more than a half‐mile from a station after the opening of the light rail, while no significant difference exists before the opening. A difference‐in‐difference model suggests that the opening of the Expo Line is associated with 3,145 g less of household vehicle CO2 emissions per day as a treatment effect. A sensitivity analysis indicates that the emission reduction effect is also present when the experimental group of households is redefined to be those living within a kilometer from the new light rail stations.
Building Vocabulary Knowledge in Preschoolers Through Shared Book Reading and Gameplay
Authors: Hassinger‐Das Brenna , Ridge Katherine , Parker Amira , Golinkoff Roberta Michnick , Hirsh‐Pasek Kathy , Dickinson David K. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThis study moves beyond previous investigations to examine whether an educational intervention combining shared book reading with a vocabulary game increases children's vocabulary knowledge. Four‐year‐olds (N = 44) were randomly assigned to dyads in either an intervention (shared book reading plus vocabulary review game) or comparison condition (shared book reading, after‐reading vocabulary review, and game that did not teach vocabulary). After two 30‐min sessions, results demonstrated that the intervention condition outperformed the comparison condition on measures of receptive and expressive knowledge of taught vocabulary words. Children in the intervention group who scored the lowest at pretest on the receptive measure saw the most gains in taught word knowledge. Findings suggest that combining vocabulary gameplay with shared book reading improved children's learning of the vocabulary words in comparison to a comparison group.
“We Define Ourselves”: 1.5‐Generation Undocumented Immigrant Activist Identities and Insurgent Discourse
Authors: Seif Hinda 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis article examines the construction of 21st‐century language and identities in an era of global displacement and social media when increasing numbers of youth are growing up undocumented. Building on prior research on anti‐immigrant rhetoric, it is based on participant observation, interviews, and document analysis conducted with Latin@ activists in California (1999–2001) and Illinois (2010–2014). Language has been central to the U.S. undocumented youth movement, as 1.5.‐generation immigrant activists creatively use self‐naming for empowerment. New, positive identities help young immigrants to challenge anti‐immigrant rhetoric and love themselves, locate and support each other, and advocate for assistance and rights. Activist identities have changed over time along with changing political contexts and strategies, moving from close alignment with legislative efforts to increasing recognition of intersectional, marginalized, and transnational social locations.
Associations of Infant Subcutaneous Fat Mass with Total and Abdominal Fat Mass at School‐Age: The Generation R Study
Authors: Santos Susana , Gaillard Romy , Oliveira Andreia , Barros Henrique , Abrahamse‐Berkeveld Marieke , van der Beek Eline M. , Hofman Albert , Jaddoe Vincent W. V. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundSkinfold thickness enables the measurement of overall and regional subcutaneous fatness in infancy and may be associated with total and abdominal body fat in later childhood. We examined the associations of subcutaneous fat in infancy with total and abdominal fat at school‐age.MethodsIn a population‐based prospective cohort study among 821 children, we calculated total subcutaneous fat (sum of biceps, triceps, suprailiacal, and subscapular skinfold thicknesses) and central‐to‐total subcutaneous fat ratio (sum of suprailiacal and subscapular skinfold thicknesses/total subcutaneous fat) at 1.5 and 24 months. At 6 years, we measured fat mass index (total fat/height3), central‐to‐total fat ratio (trunk fat/total fat), and android‐to‐gynoid fat ratio (android fat/gynoid fat) by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry and preperitoneal fat mass area by abdominal ultrasound.ResultsCentral‐to‐total subcutaneous fat ratio at 1.5 months was positively associated with fat mass index and central‐to‐total fat ratio at 6 years, whereas both total and central‐to‐total subcutaneous fat ratio at 24 months were positively associated with all childhood adiposity measures. A 1‐standard‐deviation scores higher total subcutaneous fat at 24 months was associated with an increased risk of childhood overweight (odds ratio 1.70, 95% confidence interval 1.36, 2.12). These associations were weaker than those for body mass index and stronger among girls than boys.ConclusionsSubcutaneous fat in infancy is positively associated with total and abdominal fat at school‐age. Our results also suggest that skinfold thicknesses add little value to estimate later body fat, as compared with body mass index.
Plastic pollution challenges in marine and coastal environments: from local to global governance
Authors: Vince Joanna , Hardesty Britta Denise 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPlastic pollution in the marine and coastal environment is a challenging restoration and governance issue. Similar to many environmental problems, marine plastic pollution is transboundary and therefore the governance solutions are complex. Although the marine environment is unlikely to return to the condition it was in before the “plastic era,” it is an example of an environmental restoration challenge where successful governance and environmental stewardship would likely result in a healthier global oceanic ecosystem. We argue that a holistic, integrated approach that utilizes scientific expertise, community participation, and market‐based strategies is needed to significantly reduce the global plastic pollution problem.
Slow dissent and the emotional geographies of resistance
Authors: Murrey Amber 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAnger, grief, regret and shame are some of the myriad ways that people narrate a decade of life along the Chad‐Cameroon Oil Pipeline. These stories reveal a perceptive and collective socio‐political awareness situated within multifaceted emotional geographies of resistance. In spite of resistance narratives, explicit and collective resistance practices remain uncommon. As people struggle and live within composite landscapes of structural violence along the pipeline, particular processes and mechanisms of uneven power influence the tendency for resistance struggles to be slow, impromptu or labour based. In this comparative ethnographic analysis, I consider the political environment that shapes socio‐political emotional ties in Nanga, particularly its socio‐political positioning as ‘the village of the First Lady’. In this case, people in proximate positions vis‐à‐vis the ruling family experience heightened oppression(s) and dispossession(s), at the same time that they report feeling little political recourse. In Kribi, on the other hand, responses to the pipeline can be described as defiant withdrawals, demonstrated through a series of unconnected refusals. Although resistance practices along the pipeline have not been visible or successful in an established sense, emotional geographies of resistance elucidate long‐term struggles to survive (i.e., slow dissent), including the accumulation of a collective emotional consciousness grounded in an awareness of historical patterns of injustice.
The genome of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis)
Authors: VanBuren Robert , Bryant Doug , Bushakra Jill M. , Vining Kelly J. , Edger Patrick P. , Rowley Erik R. , Priest Henry D. , Michael Todd P. , Lyons Eric , Filichkin Sergei A. , Dossett Michael , Finn Chad E. , Bassil Nahla V. , Mockler Todd C. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryBlack raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) is an important specialty fruit crop in the US Pacific Northwest that can hybridize with the globally commercialized red raspberry (R. idaeus). Here we report a 243 Mb draft genome of black raspberry that will serve as a useful reference for the Rosaceae and Rubus fruit crops (raspberry, blackberry, and their hybrids). The black raspberry genome is largely collinear to the diploid woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) with a conserved karyotype and few notable structural rearrangements. Centromeric satellite repeats are widely dispersed across the black raspberry genome, in contrast to the tight association with the centromere observed in most plants. Among the 28 005 predicted protein‐coding genes, we identified 290 very recent small‐scale gene duplicates enriched for sugar metabolism, fruit development, and anthocyanin related genes which may be related to key agronomic traits during black raspberry domestication. This contrasts patterns of recent duplications in the wild woodland strawberry F. vesca, which show no patterns of enrichment, suggesting gene duplications contributed to domestication traits. Expression profiles from a fruit ripening series and roots exposed to Verticillium dahliae shed insight into fruit development and disease response, respectively. The resources presented here will expedite the development of improved black and red raspberry, blackberry and other Rubus cultivars.
Serological Monitoring Is Key To Sustain Progress of the Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus Elimination Initiative
Authors: Levine Myron M. , Pasetti Marcela F. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

In this issue of
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology
, Scobie and colleagues (H. M. Scobie et al., Clin Vaccine Immunol 23:546–554, 2016,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00052-16
) report a nationwide serosurvey of tetanus immunity in >2,000 Cambodian women of child-bearing age to monitor progress toward maternal and neonatal tetanus elimination. This commentary discusses vaccines as interventions for disease control, elimination, and eradication and emphasizes the importance of the tools needed to monitor the effectiveness of initiatives that deliver the vaccines programmatically.