bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ghana Students Invigorate School Classrooms with the Oil and Gas Story using the SPE's Energy4Me Programme
Authors: Allotey-Okai James , Akoto Richard Nii , Nyarkoh Fiifi Otoo 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The Society of Petroleum Engineers first launched it's ‘Energy4Me’ programme internationally in 2007. It is a Global energy education outreach program developed to attract young people to the petroleum industry and improve community awareness.
The intention was to take the important story of Oil and gas into the school classroom. The programme comes complete with a teaching methodology and a whole range of presentation aids to help get that story across in a way that is interesting and easily assimilated by pupils. All that is needed is an enthusiastic group of like-minded SPE volunteers to go into the classrooms and deliver that message.
This paper describes the story of how SPE Ghana embraced the Energy4Me and went about its implementation. Ghana is a country with a new oil and gas industry and it is recognised that the interface between the industry and wider community could always be improved. In these circumstances the SPE is often well placed to provide that interface. The SPE mission statement may be paraphrased here as ‘…the dissemination of technical knowledge for public benefit’. The ‘public benefit’ element should never be forgotten and the Energy4Me programme is geared into getting the oil and gas message into schools’ classrooms across the country.
The Ghana story starts with the 2013 SPE President's visit to the Education and Petroleum Ministries with an ambitious plan to incorporate Energy4Me teachings into the Ghana school's curriculum. A later 2015 reinvigoration of the initiative was championed through the Section officers and SPE Student Chapters with encouraging results. This paper finishes with stories of feedback from pupils, teaching staff and SPE volunteers. It also looks at experiences from other SPE regions and includes learnings that may be useful for new SPE Sections implementing the programme.
Process Safety PS Metrics Driving Change and Behavior
Authors: Howitt Murita 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Industry incidents happened more frequently when various processes safety and Risk Management activities associated with various sub-processes are not followed, tracked and address on a timely basis. Having a robust tracking system of mitigations plan help to follow up to closure identified corrective actions and consequently this data can be of the valuable support for any incident investigation.
Cabinda Gulf Oil Company Limited (CABGOC) has developed over the years several Process Safety (PS) metrics involving Management of Change (MOC) Process, Risk Management (RM) studies recommendations, Loss of Containment (LOC), Safety System Function Test, Control System Data, and open Non-Conformance Report (NCR) related to discrepant material conditions. This manuscript will describe how these metrics are put together, the process and how the teams involved are functioning around that. It also describes the process of closure and the functional authority of each metrics governance.
The sufficient information on the data analysis, inference and the utilization of the historical trend for the continual improvement of the targets on the risk mitigation and RM planning are discussed. The key challenges of building the Organizational Capability (OC) to sustain the processes and Process Safety Information (PSI) validation for an effective RM studies will be highlighted in the article. These PS metrics created a multi-disciplinary teams working on different tasks and tracking the actions leading to work culture improvement.
CABGOC Leadership Teams does field verification and validation through General Manager of Operations (GMO), audits, Facility Engineering (FE)/ Heath Environment Safety (HES) field audits, operations top 10 critical safeguard verification list to authenticate the importance of verification and action tracking.
Some of the key risk reduction benefits of the PS metrics tracking and monitoring will be deliberated in the article. The article will provide key lesson learned for future industry practices. PS Metrics help to track, trend, and have dialog about our high risk areas.
Les archives comme « arme de la classe ouvrière »
Authors: Cœuré Sophie 
Published: October 2016

Sophie Cœuré propose d’éclairer le fonctionnement des institutions qui ont produit les archives de l’Internationale, ainsi que la manière dont les archives du fonds dit de Moscou, archives spoliées par les autorités allemandes en France occupée entre 1940 et 1944, puis saisies et confisquées par les Soviétiques après 1945 en Allemagne, ont été gérées, et ainsi d’expliquer leur forme documentaire actuelle. Dès 1917 eurent lieu la création d’un réseau d’archives d’État et, parallèlement, la création d’un réseau des archives du Parti communiste d’URSS. Ces dernières furent rassemblées, au bout de quelques années, dans une structure unique, l’Institut Marx-Engels, intégrant les archives de l’Internationale communiste. Cette structure resta stable jusqu’en 1991. Les archives sont conservées aujourd’hui au Centre des Archives russes d’État pour l’histoire sociale et politique [RGASPI]. Par ailleurs, en 1945, fut décidée la création d’un centre spécial, secret, destiné à accueillir les « archives-trophées ». C’est là que furent conservées les archives françaises spoliées par les occupants allemands pendant l’occupation de la France de 1940 à 1944. Ces archives, dont l’existence resta secrète jusqu’en 1991, furent restituées à la France à la fin des années 1990 ; de là, l’appellation « fonds de Moscou ». Aussi bien pour les archives soviétiques que pour les archives spoliées, la constitution des instruments de recherche reflète à la fois la tradition archivistique russe et la conception « militante » d’archives conçues en partie comme une arme dans la lutte du pouvoir communiste entre ses ennemis.
Impact of Nonthermal Atmospheric Plasma on the Structure of Cellulose: Access to Soluble Branched Glucans
Authors: Delaux Joakim , Ortiz Mellet Carmen , Canaff Christine , Fourré Elodie , Gaillard Cédric , Barakat Abdellatif , García Fernández José M. , Tatibouët Jean‐Michel , Jérôme François 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe have investigated the effect of non‐thermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP) on the structure of microcrystalline cellulose. In particular, by means of different characterization methods, we demonstrate that NTAP promotes the partial cleavage of the β‐1,4 glycosidic bond of cellulose leading to the release of short‐chain cellodextrins that are reassembled in situ, preferentially at the C6 position, to form branched glucans with either a glucosyl or anhydroglucosyl terminal residue. The ramification of cellulosic chain induced by NTAP yields branched glucans that are soluble in DMSO or in water, thus opening a straightforward access to processable glucans from cellulose. Importantly, the absence of solvent and catalyst considerably facilitates downstream processing as compared to (bio)catalytic processes which typically occur in diluted conditions.
Homogeneous Cobalt/Vanadium Complexes as Precursors for Functionalized Mixed Oxides in Visible‐Light‐Driven Water Oxidation
Authors: Pavliuk Mariia V. , Mijangos Edgar , Makhankova Valeriya G. , Kokozay Vladimir N. , Pullen Sonja , Liu Jia , Zhu Jiefang , Styring Stenbjörn , Thapper Anders 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe heterometallic complexes (NH4)2[Co(H2O)6]2[V10O28]⋅4 H2O (1) and (NH4)2[Co(H2O)5(β‐HAla)]2[V10O28]⋅4 H2O (2) have been synthesized and used for the preparation of mixed oxides as catalysts for water oxidation. Thermal decomposition of 1 and 2 at relatively low temperatures (<500 °C) leads to the formation of the solid mixed oxides CoV2O6/V2O5 (3) and Co2V2O7/V2O5 (4). The complexes (1, 2) and heterogeneous materials (3, 4) act as catalysts for photoinduced water oxidation. A modification of the thermal decomposition procedure allowed the deposition of mixed metal oxides (MMO) on a mesoporous TiO2 film. The electrodes containing Co/V MMOs in TiO2 films were used for electrocatalytic water oxidation and showed good stability and sustained anodic currents of about 5 mA cm−2 at 1.72 V versus relative hydrogen electrode (RHE). This method of functionalizing TiO2 films with MMOs at relatively low temperatures (<500 °C) can be used to produce other oxides with different functionality for applications in, for example, artificial photosynthesis.
International Federation for Emergency Medicine Point of Care Ultrasound Curriculum
Authors: Atkinson Paul , Bowra Justin , Lambert Mike , Lamprecht Hein , Noble Vicki , Jarman Bob 
Published: October 2016

AbstractTo meet a critical and growing need for a standardized approach to emergency point of care ultrasound (PoCUS) worldwide, emergency physicians must be trained to deliver and teach this skill in an accepted and reliable format. Currently, there is no globally recognized, standard PoCUS curriculum that defines the accepted applications, as well as standards for training and practice of PoCUS by specialists and trainees in emergency medicine. To address this deficit, the International Federation for Emergency Medicine (IFEM) convened a sub-committee of international experts in PoCUS to outline a curriculum for training of specialists in emergency PoCUS. This curriculum document represents the consensus of recommendations by this sub-committee. The curriculum is designed to provide a framework for PoCUS education in emergency medicine.The focus is on the processes required to select core and enhanced applications, as well as the key elements required for the delivery of PoCUS training from introduction through to continuing professional development and skill maintenance. It is designed not to be prescriptive but to assist educators and emergency medicine leadership to advance PoCUS education in emergency medicine no matter the training venue. The content of this curriculum is relevant not just for communities with mature emergency medicine systems but in particular for developing nations or for nations seeking to develop PoCUS training programs within the current educational structure. We anticipate that there will be wide variability in how this curriculum is implemented and taught, reflecting the existing educational environment, resources and goals of educational programs.
Development and analysis of an operator steering model for teleoperated mobile robots under constant and variable latencies
Authors: Vozar Steve , Storms Justin , Tilbury D. M. 
Published: October 2016

SUMMARYLatency hinders a mobile robot teleoperator's ability to perform remote tasks. However, this effect is not well modeled. This paper develops a model for teleoperator steering behavior as a PD controller based on projected lateral displacement, which was tuned to reflect user performance determined by a 31-subject user study under constant and variable latency (having mean latencies between 0 and 750 ms). Additionally, we determined that operator performance under variable latency could be mapped to the expected performance of an equivalent constant latency. We then tested additional latency distributions in simulation and demonstrated equivalent steering performance among several different latency distributions.
Coil occlusion of aberrant arteries to pulmonary sequestration in a case with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum: successful treatment of repetitive myocardial ischaemic attacks
Authors: Ono Akemi , Hayabuchi Yasunobu , Kagami Shoji 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn this study, we describe an infant case of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum associated with ventriculo-coronary arterial communication for which a modified Blalock–Taussig shunt operation was performed. He experienced repeated myocardial ischaemic attacks. Further examination revealed pulmonary sequestration in the right lower lobe. He therefore underwent a bidirectional Glenn operation and coil occlusion of the feeding arteries. His myocardial ischaemic attacks subsequently improved.
haṇt-andhaiθiia-in the Old Avestan Texts
Authors: AHMADI AMIR 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis article examines the usage and sense of hātąm ‘of beings’ and the adjective haiθiia- ‘true’, both from the present participle haṇt- ‘being’, in the Old Avestan texts. It argues that the first is a rhetorical figure that enhances the stature of its complement and does not denote any particular kind of being whether divine or mortal. haiθiia- consistently appears in contexts that may be legitimately described as eschatological. Most often it qualifies a certain type of activity that leads to or constitutes a ‘splendid’ state of existence. What truly is, the article concludes, refers to existence beyond mortal life.
The relationship between micronutrient status and sleep patterns: a systematic review
Authors: Ji Xiaopeng , Grandner Michael A , Liu Jianghong 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo review articles on the relationship of dietary and circulating micronutrients with sleep patterns, and to identify issues surrounding implications for future research and public health practice.DesignA systematic review was conducted. PubMed, Embase and Scopus were searched through January 2016.SettingBoth experimental and observational studies were included. However, studies that focused on secondary sleep impairment due to comorbidities were excluded.SubjectsIndividuals in different age groups, from infants to older adults.ResultsA total of twenty-six articles were selected. In the articles reviewed, researchers generally supported a potential role of micronutrients, particularly Fe and Mg, in the development of sleep stages among infants and in reversing age-related alterations in sleep architecture in older adults. Micronutrient status has also been linked to sleep duration, with sleep duration positively associated with Fe, Zn and Mg levels, and negatively associated with Cu, K and vitamin B12levels. The mechanisms underlying these relationships include the impact of micronutrients on excitatory/inhibitory neurotransmitters and the expression of circadian genes.ConclusionsAlthough the number of studies on the relationship between micronutrient status and sleep remains low, evidence has emerged that suggests a link between dietary/circulating micronutrients and sleep. Future research is needed to investigate the dose-dependent as well as the longitudinal relationships between micronutrient levels and human sleep across populations, test the interactions among micronutrients on sleep outcomes, and ultimately examine the clinical relevance of micronutrients on sleep health.
Observation of pendular butterfly Rydberg molecules
Authors: Niederprüm Thomas , Thomas Oliver , Eichert Tanita , Lippe Carsten , Pérez-Ríos Jesús , Greene Chris H. , Ott Herwig 
Published: October 2016

AbstractEngineering molecules with a tunable bond length and defined quantum states lies at the heart of quantum chemistry. The unconventional binding mechanism of Rydberg molecules makes them a promising candidate to implement such tunable molecules. A very peculiar type of Rydberg molecules are the so-called butterfly molecules, which are bound by a shape resonance in the electron–perturber scattering. Here we report the observation of these exotic molecules and employ their exceptional properties to engineer their bond length, vibrational state, angular momentum and orientation in a small electric field. Combining the variable bond length with their giant dipole moment of several hundred Debye, we observe counter-intuitive molecules which locate the average electron position beyond the internuclear distance.
Boosted output performance of triboelectric nanogenerator via electric double layer effect
Authors: Chun Jinsung , Ye Byeong Uk , Lee Jae Won , Choi Dukhyun , Kang Chong-Yun , Kim Sang-Woo , Wang Zhong Lin , Baik Jeong Min 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFor existing triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), it is important to explore unique methods to further enhance the output power under realistic environments to speed up their commercialization. We report here a practical TENG composed of three layers, in which the key layer, an electric double layer, is inserted between a top layer, made of Al/polydimethylsiloxane, and a bottom layer, made of Al. The efficient charge separation in the middle layer, based on Volta’s electrophorus, results from sequential contact configuration of the TENG and direct electrical connection of the middle layer to the earth. A sustainable and enhanced output performance of 1.22 mA and 46.8 mW cm−2 under low frequency of 3 Hz is produced, giving over 16-fold enhancement in output power and corresponding to energy conversion efficiency of 22.4%. Finally, a portable power-supplying system, which provides enough d.c. power for charging a smart watch or phone battery, is also successfully developed.
Analogue modulation of back-propagating action potentials enables dendritic hybrid signalling
Authors: Brunner János , Szabadics János 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe report that back-propagating action potentials (bAPs) are not simply digital feedback signals in dendrites but also carry analogue information about the overall state of neurons. Analogue information about the somatic membrane potential within a physiological range (from −78 to −64 mV) is retained by bAPs of dentate gyrus granule cells as different repolarization speeds in proximal dendrites and as different peak amplitudes in distal regions. These location-dependent waveform changes are reflected by local calcium influx, leading to proximal enhancement and distal attenuation during somatic hyperpolarization. The functional link between these retention and readout mechanisms of the analogue content of bAPs critically depends on high-voltage-activated, inactivating calcium channels. The hybrid bAP and calcium mechanisms report the phase of physiological somatic voltage fluctuations and modulate long-term synaptic plasticity in distal dendrites. Thus, bAPs are hybrid signals that relay somatic analogue information, which is detected by the dendrites in a location-dependent manner.
Photonic crystals possessing multiple Weyl points and the experimental observation of robust surface states
Authors: Chen Wen-Jie , Xiao Meng , Chan C. T. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWeyl points, as monopoles of Berry curvature in momentum space, have captured much attention recently in various branches of physics. Realizing topological materials that exhibit such nodal points is challenging and indeed, Weyl points have been found experimentally in transition metal arsenide and phosphide and gyroid photonic crystal whose structure is complex. If realizing even the simplest type of single Weyl nodes with a topological charge of 1 is difficult, then making a real crystal carrying higher topological charges may seem more challenging. Here we design, and fabricate using planar fabrication technology, a photonic crystal possessing single Weyl points (including type-II nodes) and multiple Weyl points with topological charges of 2 and 3. We characterize this photonic crystal and find nontrivial 2D bulk band gaps for a fixed kz and the associated surface modes. The robustness of these surface states against kz-preserving scattering is experimentally observed for the first time.
Structure sensitivity of Cu and CuZn catalysts relevant to industrial methanol synthesis
Authors: van den Berg Roy , Prieto Gonzalo , Korpershoek Gerda , van der Wal Lars I. , van Bunningen Arnoldus J. , Lægsgaard-Jørgensen Susanne , de Jongh Petra E. , de Jong Krijn P. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFor decades it has been debated whether the conversion of synthesis gas to methanol over copper catalysts is sensitive or insensitive to the structure of the copper surface. Here we have systematically investigated the effect of the copper particle size in the range where changes in surface structure occur, that is, below 10 nm, for catalysts with and without zinc promotor at industrially relevant conditions for methanol synthesis. Regardless of the presence or absence of a zinc promotor in the form of zinc oxide or zinc silicate, the surface-specific activity decreases significantly for copper particles smaller than 8 nm, thus revealing structure sensitivity. In view of recent theoretical studies we propose that the methanol synthesis reaction takes place at copper surface sites with a unique configuration of atoms such as step-edge sites, which smaller particles cannot accommodate.
The origin of efficient triplet state population in sulfur-substituted nucleobases
Authors: Mai Sebastian , Pollum Marvin , Martínez-Fernández Lara , Dunn Nicholas , Marquetand Philipp , Corral Inés , Crespo-Hernández Carlos E. , González Leticia 
Published: October 2016

AbstractElucidating the photophysical mechanisms in sulfur-substituted nucleobases (thiobases) is essential for designing prospective drugs for photo- and chemotherapeutic applications. Although it has long been established that the phototherapeutic activity of thiobases is intimately linked to efficient intersystem crossing into reactive triplet states, the molecular factors underlying this efficiency are poorly understood. Herein we combine femtosecond transient absorption experiments with quantum chemistry and nonadiabatic dynamics simulations to investigate 2-thiocytosine as a necessary step to unravel the electronic and structural elements that lead to ultrafast and near-unity triplet-state population in thiobases in general. We show that different parts of the potential energy surfaces are stabilized to different extents via thionation, quenching the intrinsic photostability of canonical DNA and RNA nucleobases. These findings satisfactorily explain why thiobases exhibit the fastest intersystem crossing lifetimes measured to date among bio-organic molecules and have near-unity triplet yields, whereas the triplet yields of canonical nucleobases are nearly zero.
Necrostatin-1 treatment inhibits osteocyte necroptosis and trabecular deterioration in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Cui Hongwang , Zhu Yongjun , Yang Qiming , Zhao Weikang , Zhang Shiyang , Zhou Ao , Jiang Dianming 
Published: October 2016

AbstractEstrogen (E2) deficiency has been associated with accelerated osteocyte apoptosis. Our previous study showed necroptosis accelerated the loss of osteocytes in E2 deficiency-induced osteoporosis in rats in addition to apoptosis, but the mechanism involved remains. Necroptosis is a caspase-independent form of programmed cell death. In the necroptosis pathway, receptor interaction proteins 1 and 3 (RIP1/3) play vital roles. Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) has been confirmed to be a specific inhibitor of necroptosis. However, the effect of Nec-1 on postmenopausal osteoporosis remains ambiguous. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Nec-1 on osteocytes in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. We found that an increased number of necroptotic osteocytes was related to the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in OVX rats. Treatment with Nec-1 significantly decreased RIP1 and RIP3 expression in OVX rats and inhibited osteocyte necroptosis induced by TNF-α in vitro. Both E2 and Nec-1 treatment markedly ameliorated trabecular bone deterioration. Nec-1 also significantly elevated the levels of bone formation markers and decreased bone resorption markers. These data suggest that the role of Nec-1 on alleviating bone loss might be associated with Nec-1 restraining TNF-α-induced osteocyte necroptosis in rats with E2 deficiency-induced osteoporosis. This process may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.