bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: (E)‐3‐(TRIMETHYLSILYL)‐2‐PROPEN‐1‐OL. AN IMPROVED PREPARATION
Authors: DENMARK S. E. , JONES T. K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPropargylalkohol (I) wird über die Grignardverbindung zu (II) silyliert und dann der Reduktion mit Lithiumalanaten unterworfen, wobei je nach den Reaktionsbedingungen unterschiedliche Anteile an den isomeren Trimethylsilylpropenolen (III) und (IV) bzw. auch das gesättigte 3‐Trimethylsilyl‐1‐propanol (V) erhalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF TRIALKYL(HALOMAGNESIOETHYNYL)SILANES WITH TETRAETHOXYSILANE
Authors: VORONKOV M. G. , YAROSH O. G. , SHCHUKINA L. V. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBei der Reaktion von äquimolaren Mengen Trialkyl‐brommagnesium‐ethinyl‐silan (I) und Tetraethoxysilan (II) entsteht l‐Trialkyl‐2‐triethoxysilyl‐acetylen (III) neben Bistrialkylsilylethinyl‐dioxethylsilan (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: SILICON‐SUBSTITUTED CYCLOPROPYLCARBINYL CATIONS
Authors: SNIDER B. B. , KARRAS M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAus den S‐ilyl‐alkinen (I) entstehen in Gegenwart von Ni‐acetylacetonat mit Methylgrignardreagenz und Trimethylaluminium die Silylolefine (II), die mit Ethylenoxid (III) zu den Alkoholen (IV) reagieren und dann in die Tosylate (V) umgewandelt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: THE SELECTIVE OPENING OF α,β‐EPOXY KETONE TRIMETHYLSILYL ENOL ETHERS BY CUPRATE REAGENTS: SELECTIVITY REVERSAL IN TETRAHYDROFURAN
Authors: SCHLECHT M. F. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDas Epoxid (I) reagiert mit Lithiumdimethylcuprat unter Ringöffnung zu einem Gemisch der Alkohole (II) und (III).
ChemInform Abstract: NITROGEN‐CONTAINING ORGANOSILICON COMPOUNDS. CIX. SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF SILICON SALTS OF ORGANIC DIAMINES
Authors: LUKEVITS E. , KIMENIS A. A. , VEVERIS M. M. , ATARE Z. A. , POPOVA E. P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractEs wird untersucht, ob die Curare‐ ähnliche biologische Aktivität einiger siliciumorganischer Verbindungen von der Substitution am quartären Stickstoffatom abhängt.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOSPHORYLATED ETHYLENAMIDE DERIVATIVES OF URACILS ‐ PRODUCTION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: BESYADETSKAYA E. I. , SEMENYUK T. N. , POTOPALSKII A. I. , IVASIRKA S. V. , SARCHUK L. F. , TSEGELSKII A. A. , SHCHESYUK D. A. , LUTSEVICH D. D. , KONTSEVICH L. S. , PINYAZHKO B. O. , BASILIYA L. I. , ONISHCHIK F. D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBei der Umsetzung der Uracile (I) mit den ‐Phosphorverbindungen (II) bzw. (IV) werden in 3‐Stellung ethylaminophosphorylierte Uracilderivate (III) bzw. (V) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: FT‐IR AND FLUOROMETRIC INVESTIGATION OF RARE‐EARTH AND METALLIC ION SOLVATION. PART 3. SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION OF ANHYDROUS SOLUTIONS OF EUROPIU PERCHLORATE AND EUROPIUM NITRATE IN N,N‐DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE
Authors: BUENZLI J.‐C. G. + , YERSIN J.‐R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMittels Leitfähigkeitsmessungen sowie schwingungs‐ und elektronenabsorptions‐ und ‐emissionsspektroskopischer Untersuchungen und Bestimmung der Fluoreszenzlebensdauer werden wasserfreie Lösungen von Eu(ClO4)3 und Eu(NO3)3 in DMF untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: KINETICS AND STEREOCHEMISTRY OF THE TITANACYCLOBUTANE‐TITANAETHYLENE INTERCONVERSION. INVESTIGATION OF A DEGENERATE OLEFIN METATHESIS REACTION
Authors: LEE J. B. , OTT K. C. , GRUBBS R. H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractEine kinetische Untersuchung der Reaktion des Titanacyclobutans (I) mit Diphenylacetylen (II) zu (III) zeigt, daß der Austausch erster Ordnung in bezug auf (I) und nullter Ordnung in bezug auf (II) innerhalb eines großen Konzentrationsbereichs ist.
ChemInform Abstract: THE CHEMISTRY OF ARYLLEAD(IV) TRICARBOXYLATES. REACTION WITH SILYL ENOL ETHERS
Authors: BELL H. C. , PINHEY J. T. , STERNHELL S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAus den Enolethern (I) bzw. (II) entstehen durch Reaktion mit dem Bleitriacetat (III) die Pb(IV)‐Verbindungen (IV) bzw. (V).
ChemInform Abstract: TRANSITION METAL SUBSTITUTED PHOSPHINES, ARSINES, AND STIBINES. XXXIII. (BROMOMETHYL)BIS((TRIMETHYLSILYL)METHYL)ARSINE: SYNTHESIS AND METALATION TO COMPLEXES WITH η1‐ OR η2‐COORDINATED ARSINOMETHYL LIGANDS
Authors: MEYER A. , HARTL A. , MALISCH W. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie Pyrolyse des Arsorans (I) bei reduziertem Druck liefert unter Trimethylsilylbromid‐Eliminierung über intermediäres Bromo‐bis‐[trimethylsilylmethyl]‐methylenarsoran das Arsin (II).
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION, PROPERTIES, AND KINETICS OF THE REACTION OF MANGANESE(0) RADICALS MN(CO)3(R3P)2 WITH TRIBUTYLTIN HYDRIDE
Authors: MCCULLEN S. B. , BROWN T. L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPhotochemische Substitutionsreaktionen der Dimeren (I) mit den Phosphinen liefern die Mn (0)‐Radikale (II), die stabil sind, wenn die Größe der Phosphine die Bildung der Metall‐Metall‐Bindung verhindert.
ChemInform Abstract: SELECTIVE MONOHYDROGENATION OF CROSS‐CONJUGATED CYCLOHEXADIENONES WITH IRON CARBONYLS AND WATER
Authors: EILBRACHT P. , JELITTE R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie Cyclohexadienone (I) werden mit Nonacarbonyldieisen in Gegenwart von Wasser unter milden Bedingungen selektiv monohydriert, als Tricarbonyl‐Fe‐dienol‐Komplexe (II) abgefangen und damit vor Weiterhydrierung geschützt.
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANOMETALLIC ELECTRON RESERVOIRS. 7. ONE‐STEP MULTIPLE FORMATION OF CARBON‐CARBON BONDS IN CPFE+(ARENE) SANDWICHES AND UNUSUAL C6ET6 GEOMETRY IN THE X‐RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF CPFE+(η6‐C6ET6) PF6‐
Authors: HAMON J.‐R. , SAILLARD J.‐Y. , LE BEUZE A. , MCGLINCHEY M. J. , ASTRUC D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSterische Einflüsse auf die Alkylierung von Alky1‐Substituenten von monokationischen Cyclopentadienyl‐nQaren‐Fe‐Verbindungen mit überschüssigem Alkylhalogenid und K‐tert‐butylat werden untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: METALLACYCLOALKANES. VI. FIVE‐ TO SEVEN‐MEMBERED (2,2′‐BIPYRIDINE)NICKELACYCLOALKANES FROM METHYLENECYCLOPROPANE AND NICKEL(0) COMPOUNDS
Authors: BINGER P. , DOYLE M. J. , BENN R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn Abhängigkeit von den Reaktionsbedingungen werden aus Methylencyclopropan (II) und dem Ni(0)‐ Komplex (I) der n′‐Methylencyclopropan‐Ni‐Komplex (III) oder die Bipyridin‐nickelacycloalkane (IV)‐(VII) erhalten, die 1H‐NMR‐spektroskopisch und durch Abbaureaktionen identifiziert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYLRUTHENIUM(II) COMPOUNDS AND THEIR β‐HYDROGEN ELIMINATION INTO (η2‐ALKENE)HYDRIDORUTHENIUM COMPLEXES
Authors: LEHMKUHL H. , GRUNDKE J. , MYNOTT R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDurch Umsetzung des Chloro‐Ru(II)‐Komplexes (I) mit prim. Alkyl‐MgCl‐Verbindungen sowie mit Cyclopropyl‐MgCl werden die entsprechenden Alkyl‐Ru‐Komplexe (II) gebildet.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 11,14‐DIACETOXY‐13‐(ACETOXYMETHYL)PODOCARPA‐8,11,13‐TRIENE. CORRECTION OF PROPOSED STRUCTURE FOR PREMNOLAL
Authors: MATSUMOTO T. , IMAI S. , YUKI S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie Titelverbindung (XI) wird aus dem Abietatriensäureester (I) über die Stufen (II)‐(X) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: TRANSFORMED STEROIDS. 126. SYNTHESIS AND STEREOCHEMISTRY OF ISOMERIC ANDROSTA‐D′‐PENTARANES (15,16‐CYCLOHEX‐3′‐ENOANDROSTANES)
Authors: KAMERNITSKII A. V. , GALAKHOVA T. N. , LEVINA I. S. , PAVLOV V. A. , EL'YANOV B. S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDas nach bekannten Verfahren zugängliche Steroid (I) bildet mit den Butadienen (II) unter Druck ein Gemisch der diastereomeren Addukte (III) und (IV), die chromatographisch getrennt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOSPECIFIC SYNTHESIS OF 16α‐HYDROXY‐17‐OXO STEROIDS BY CONTROLLED ALKALINE HYDROLYSIS OF CORRESPONDING 16‐BROMO‐17‐KETONES AND ITS REACTION MECHANISM
Authors: NUMAZAWA M. , NAGAOKA M. , OSAWA Y. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAus den beiden Steroiden (Ia) und (Ib) erhält man mit Cußrz die Bromverbindungen (II), die bei einer alkalischen Hydrolyse über diskutierte Zwischenstufen mit Epoxid‐ Struktur zu den Folgeprodukten (III)‐(V) führen.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF AMINO ACID DERIVATIVES OF SULFANILIC ACID
Authors: DIVANYAN N. M. , GALSTYAN L. KH. , CHACHOYAN A. A. , GARIBDZHANYAN B. T. , STEPANYAN N. O. , BUNYATYAN ZH. M. , PARONIKYAN G. M. , AKOPYAN L. G. , PARONIKYAN R. V. , MNDZHOYAN O. L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractN‐Alkoxycarbonyl‐sulfanilsäurechlorid (I) reagiert mit Aminosäuren (II) bzw. deren Estern (III) zu den Sulfanil‐amiden (IV) bzw. (V).
ChemInform Abstract: DERIVATIVES OF S‐9‐FLUORENYLMETHYL‐L‐CYSTEINE
Authors: BODANSZKY M. , BEDNAREK M. A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie Herstellung des Cystein‐Derivates (III), in dem die SH‐Gruppe mit (II) durch den Fluorenylmethyl‐Rest (Fm‐ Rest) geschützt ist, wird beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON NATURAL PRODUCTS FROM CUBAN PLANTS. ALKALOIDS FROM TABERNAEMONTANA CITRIFOLIA
Authors: KUTNEY J. P. , PEREZ I. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAus T. citrifolia werden 13 Alkaloide isoliert und identifiziert; eines von ihnen, (‐)‐19‐Oxovoacristin (Ib), wurde erstmals in der Natur gefunden.
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS. PART 183. THE STRUCTURE OF THE CALABASH CURARE ALKALOID CALEBASSININE‐1
Authors: GUGGISBERG A. , PREWO R. , BIERI J. H. , HESSE M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie Struktur der Titelverbindung (I), isolierbar aus Strychnos solimoesana Kruk.
ChemInform Abstract: IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHOSPHOTRIESTER SYNTHESIS OF DEOXYRIBOOLIGONUCLEOTIDES. THE USE OF HINDERED PRIMARY AMINES AND A NEW ISOLATION PROCEDURE
Authors: HSIUNG H. M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAm Beispiel der geschützten Mononucleotide (I) werden Reaktionen zur Decyanoethylierung mit Aminen untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 4‐(1,2,4‐TRIAZOL‐1‐YL)‐PYRIMIDIN‐2(1H)‐ONE RIBONUCLEOTIDE AND ITS APPLICATION IN SYNTHESIS OF OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDES
Authors: SUNG W. L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAus dem Uridin (I) entsteht nach Phosphorylierung mit (II) und Behandeln mit Triazol (III) sowie Ethylencya.nhydrin (IV) bei kurzer Reaktionszeit der Phosphorester (V), der mit weiterem Phosphoresterchlorid und Triazol (III) zu (VI) führt.
ChemInform Abstract: ENANTIOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF PSEUDOMONIC ACIDS. I. SYNTHESIS OF KEY INTERMEDIATES
Authors: SCHOENENBERGER B. + , SUMMERMATTER W. , GANTER C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie enantioselektive Synthese des Acetonids (VIII) und seiner Derivate (IX) und (X) wird beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: MACROLIDE NEUTRAL SUGAR CHEMISTRY. CHEMICAL CONVERSION OF OLEANDOMYCIN Y TO 3‐(2,6‐DIDEOXY‐L‐α‐ALLOSYL)OLEANDOMYCIN Y AND 3‐(2,6‐DIDEOXY‐L‐α‐GALACTOSYL)OLEANDOMYCIN Y
Authors: NAGEL A. A. , VINCENT L. A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie beiden Antibiotica Oleandomycin Y (Ia) und Oleandomycin (Ib) werden modifiziert.
ChemInform Abstract: A FACILE STEREOSELECTIVE ROUTE TO THE SEX PHEROMONE OF THE CODLING MOTH VIA THERMOLYSIS OF AN ALLYLIC SULFOXIDE
Authors: BABLER J. H. , HAACK R. A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAus trans‐Crotylbromid (Ia) entsteht ein Sulfid (Ib), das nach Metallierung zu (IIa) substituiert und weiter zum Sulfoxid (IIb) oxidiert wird.
Simplified flare combustion model for flare plume rise calculations
Authors: Rahnama Kamran , De Visscher Alex 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe dispersion of plumes released from stacks depends on wind speed, plume emission rate, stack height, and other meteorological and stack variables. Plume rise is an important aspect of plume dispersion because it increases the apparent release height, which leads to lower ground‐level concentrations. Plume rise linked with flare combustion has received only minimal attention in the literature to date, despite its importance. This study develops a numerical model of plume rise with flare combustion based on material, heat, mass, and momentum balances. The basis of the model is a numerical plume rise model used in CALPUFF to model plume rise of large buoyant area sources, and is also used in PRIME (plume rise model enhancements), which models building downwash. The proposed model considers the reaction kinetics. The competition between CH4 and CO combustion causes a modification of the temperature profile of up to 3 % in comparison with an instantaneous reaction model. Moreover, emissivity, which plays an important role in the heat conservation equations but which was only parameterized in an earlier work, is calculated more directly to increase the accuracy of the model. It was found that soot is the main contributor to flame emissivity. Finally, the air dispersion model CALPUFF was run according to the proposed flare model and an empirical flare model by Beychok to compare results of the models. This new flare method is sufficiently simple to be embedded into air dispersion modelling software such as CALPUFF.
Nanoscale Control Over Interfacial Properties in Mixed Reverse Micelles Formulated by Using Sodium 1,4‐bis‐2‐ethylhexylsulfosuccinate and Tri‐n‐octyl Phosphine Oxide Surfactants
Authors: Odella Emmanuel , Falcone R. Darío , Silber Juana J. , Correa N. Mariano 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe interfacial properties of pure reverse micelles (RMs) are a consequence of the magnitude and nature of noncovalent interactions between confined water and the surfactant polar head. Addition of a second surfactant to form mixed RMs is expected to influence these interactions and thus affect these properties at the nanoscale level. Herein, pure and mixed RMs stabilized by sodium 1,4‐bis‐2‐ethylhexylsulfosuccinate and tri‐n‐octyl phosphine oxide (TOPO) surfactants in n‐heptane were formulated and studied by varying both the water content and the TOPO mole fraction. The microenvironment generated was sensed by following the solvatochromic behavior of the 1‐methyl‐8‐oxyquinolinium betaine probe and 31P NMR spectroscopy. The results reveal unique properties of mixed RMs and we give experimental evidence that free water can be detected in the polar core of the mixed RMs at very low water content. We anticipate that these findings will have an impact on the use of such media as nanoreactors for many types of chemical reactions, such as enzymatic reactions and nanoparticle synthesis.
Surface Nanostructures Composed of Thiolated Cyclodextrin/Au and Fe Species: Gas‐ and Liquid‐Phase Preparation
Authors: Halaszova Sona , Jerigova Monika , Lorenc Dusan , Prochazka Michal , Velic Dusan 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSupramolecular surface nanostructures have application potential as functional devices. The complex combination of thiolated cyclodextrin, chemisorbed on an Au surface (Au‐S‐CD), with deposited Fe species is studied by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The Fe species are prepared by pulsed laser ablation in water and thermal effusion in vacuum. Using laser ablation in water, the solution of Fe species is dropped on Au‐S‐CD, where mass peaks at 1227 m/z, 1243 m/z, and 1260 m/z are observed and assigned to C42H68O34SNa‐Fe+, C42H68O34SK‐Fe+ together with C42H68O34SNa‐FeO+, and C42H68O34SK‐FeO+, respectively. On the other hand, laser ablation directly linked to the Au‐S‐CD surface results in desorption of CD‐S. Thermal effusion, even with a cooled surface, was negative with respect to the complex observation. Laser ablation results in the formation of a supramolecular host–guest complex of the form Au‐S‐CD‐Fe, and in the formation of an adduct of the form Au‐S‐CD‐FeO.
Metal–Metalloporphyrin Framework Modified with Flexible tert‐Butyl Groups for Selective Gas Adsorption
Authors: Zhang Weijie , Wojtas Lukasz , Aguila Briana , Jiang Pingping , Ma Shengqian 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe rational design of multitopic organic linkers and access to the single‐crystal structures of their metal–organic frameworks violate a long‐standing thesis where it is expected to steer the system toward multifunctional MOFs. Here, a porphyrin that is covalently functionalized with pendant tert‐butyl groups is used as a ligand having conformational freedom. The utilization of this custom‐designed porphyrinic derivative in MOF synthesis yields a novel metal–metalloporphyrin framework (MMPF‐14). As expected, the channels of MMPF‐14, which are filled with flexible tert‐butyl groups, act as molecular gates for the selective adsorption of gas molecules.
Do relaxed selection and habitat temperature facilitate biased mitogenomic introgression in a narrowly endemic fish?
Authors: Hulsey Christopher Darrin , Bell Katherine L. , García‐de‐León Francisco J. , Nice Chris C. , Meyer Axel 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIntrogression might be exceptionally common during the evolution of narrowly endemic species. For instance, in the springs of the small and isolated Cuatro Ciénegas Valley, the mitogenome of the cichlid fish Herichthys cyanoguttatus could be rapidly introgressing into populations of the trophically polymorphic H. minckleyi. We used a combination of genetic and environmental data to examine the factors associated with this mitochondrial introgression. A reduced representation library of over 6220 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the nuclear genome showed that mitochondrial introgression into H. minckleyi is biased relative to the amount of nuclear introgression. SNP assignment probabilities also indicated that cichlids with more hybrid ancestry are not more commonly female providing no support for asymmetric backcrossing or hybrid‐induced sex‐ratio distortion in generating the bias in mitochondrial introgression. Smaller effective population size in H. minckleyi inferred from the SNPs coupled with sequences of all 13 mitochondrial proteins suggests that relaxed selection on the mitogenome could be facilitating the introgression of “H. cyanoguttatus” haplotypes. Additionally, we showed that springs with colder temperatures had greater amounts of mitochondrial introgression from H. cyanoguttatus. Relaxed selection in H. minckleyi coupled with temperature‐related molecular adaptation could be facilitating mitogenomic introgression into H. minckleyi.
A two‐step protocol for isolation of influenza A (H7N7) virions and their RNA for PCR diagnostics based on modified paramagnetic particles
Authors: Michalek Petr , Dostalova Simona , Buchtelova Hana , Cernei Natalia , Krejcova Ludmila , Hynek David , Milosavljevic Vedran , Jimenez Ana Maria Jimenez , Kopel Pavel , Heger Zbynek , Adam Vojtech 
Published: May 2016

Annual epidemics of influenza cause death of hundreds of thousands people and they also have a significant economic impact. Hence, a need for fast and cheap influenza diagnostic method is arising. The conventional methods for an isolation of the viruses are time‐consuming and require expensive instrumentation as well as trained personnel. In this study, we modified the surface of nanomaghemite (γ‐Fe2O3) paramagnetic core with tetraethyl orthosilicate and (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane and the resulting particles were utilized for the isolation of H7N7 influenza virions. Consequently, we designed γ‐Fe2O3 paramagnetic core modified with calcium tripolyphosphate which was employed for the isolation of viral nucleic acid after virion's lysis. Both of these procedures can be performed rapidly in less than 10 min and, in combination with the RT‐PCR, the whole influenza detection can be shortened to few hours. Moreover, the whole protocol could be easily automated and/or miniaturized, and thus can serve as a basis for use in a lab‐on‐a‐chip device. We assume that magnetic isolation is an exceptional procedure which can significantly accelerate the diagnostic possibilities of a broad spectrum of diseases.
Oxidative stress response of the aquatic macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata exposed to TiO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Okupnik Annette , Pflugmacher Stephan 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

The present study investigated the effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) on the oxidative stress response in Hydrilla verticillata. Macrophytes were exposed to different concentrations of TiO2-NPs (0 mg/L, 0.01 mg/L, 0.1 mg/L, 1 mg/L, and 10 mg/L) for 24 h, based on currently predicted levels of nano-TiO2 in surface waters. In addition, TiO2-NPs with varying crystalline status were used to assess the potential influence of crystalline phases on oxidative stress responses. The level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH and GSSG), and activities of the antioxidative enzymes peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR) were measured and compared with a bulk counterpart. Although POD was not considered to be active, the results imply an activation of the enzymatic defense system, because increased CAT and GR activities were observed. Exposure to bulk TiO2 revealed lower enzyme activities at all exposure concentrations, suggesting a nano-specific influence on the antioxidative defense mechanisms in H. verticillata. Moreover, all TiO2-NP concentrations resulted in a decreased GSH/GSSG ratio, indicating high GSH-dependent metabolic activity to protect against the destructive effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during nano-TiO2 exposure. As the level of H2O2 was solely elevated after exposure to 10 mg/L of P25, it appears plausible that the adaptive metabolic mechanisms of H. verticillata are able to cope with environmentally relevant concentrations of TiO2-NPs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2859–2866. © 2016 SETAC
Comparative study on proximate, functional, mineral, and antinutrient composition of fermented, defatted, and protein isolate of Parkia biglobosa seed
Authors: Ogunyinka Bolajoko I. , Oyinloye Babatunji E. , Osunsanmi Foluso O. , Kappo Abidemi P. , Opoku Andrew R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe use of plant‐derived foods in the prevention, treatment, and management of metabolic diseases especially diabetes has gained prominence; this has been associated with their physicochemical properties. This study was conducted to compare the proximate, functional, mineral, and antinutrient composition of the fermented seeds, the defatted seeds, and the protein isolate from Parkia biglobosa seeds. The results showed that the fermented, defatted, and protein isolate varied in composition within the parameters studied. The proximate analysis revealed that the protein isolate had the highest ash (6.0%) and protein (59.4%) as well as the lowest fat (5.7%) and moisture (5.1%) content when compared to the fermented and defatted samples. In like manner, the functional properties of the protein isolate were relatively better than those of the fermented and defatted samples, with oil absorption capacity of 4.2% and emulsion capacity of 82%. The magnesium and zinc content of the protein isolate were significantly higher when compared with the fermented and defatted samples, while a negligible amount of antinutrient was present in all the samples, with the protein isolate having the lowest quantity. The overall data suggest that the protein isolate had better proximate, mineral, functional, and antinutrient properties when compared to the fermented and defatted samples. Therefore, the synergistic effect of all these components present in the protein isolate from P. biglobosa seed in association with its low carbohydrate and high protein/ash contents could play a vital role in the management of diabetes and its associated complications.
Forecasting Stock Return Volatility: A Comparison of GARCH, Implied Volatility, and Realized Volatility Models
Authors: Kambouroudis Dimos S. , McMillan David G. , Tsakou Katerina 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe investigate the information content of implied volatility forecasts for stock index return volatility. Using different autoregressive models, we examine whether implied volatility forecasts contain information for future volatility beyond that in GARCH and realized volatility models. Results show implied volatility follows a predictable pattern and confirm the existence of a contemporaneous relationship between implied volatility and index returns. Individually, implied volatility performs worse than alternate forecasts, however, a model that combines an asymmetric GARCH model with implied and realized volatility through (asymmetric) ARMA models is preferred model for forecasting volatility. This evidence is further supported by consideration of value‐at‐risk. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 36:1127–1163, 2016