bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Madagascar's escape from Africa: A high‐resolution plate reconstruction for the Western Somali Basin and implications for supercontinent dispersal
Authors: Phethean Jordan J.J. , Kalnins Lara M. , van Hunen Jeroen , Biffi Paolo G. , Davies Richard J. , McCaffrey Ken J.W. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAccurate reconstructions of the dispersal of supercontinent blocks are essential for testing continental breakup models. Here, we provide a new plate tectonic reconstruction of the opening of the Western Somali Basin during the breakup of East and West Gondwana. The model is constrained by a new comprehensive set of spreading lineaments, detected in this heavily sedimented basin using a novel technique based on directional derivatives of free‐air gravity anomalies. Vertical gravity gradient and free‐air gravity anomaly maps also enable the detection of extinct mid‐ocean ridge segments, which can be directly compared to several previous ocean magnetic anomaly interpretations of the Western Somali Basin. The best matching interpretations have basin symmetry around the M0 anomaly; these are then used to temporally constrain our plate tectonic reconstruction. The reconstruction supports a tight fit for Gondwana fragments prior to breakup, and predicts that the continent‐ocean transform margin lies along the Rovuma Basin, not along the Davie Fracture Zone (DFZ) as commonly thought. According to our reconstruction, the DFZ represents a major ocean‐ocean fracture zone formed by the coalescence of several smaller fracture zones during evolving plate motions as Madagascar drifted southwards, and offshore Tanzania is an obliquely rifted, rather than transform, margin. New seismic reflection evidence for oceanic crust inboard of the DFZ strongly supports these conclusions. Our results provide important new constraints on the still enigmatic driving mechanism of continental rifting, the nature of the lithosphere in the Western Somali Basin, and its resource potential.
Magnets for Particle Accelerators and Colliders
Authors: Bottura Luca , Rossi Lucio 
Published: December 2016

The article contains sections titled:IntroductionAccelerators, Colliders, and Role of Superconducting MagnetsMagnetic DesignMechanical DesignMargins, Stability, Training, and ProtectionField QualityFast‐Cycled SynchrotronsAcknowledgments
Quantum Standards for Voltage
Authors: Kohlmann Johannes 
Published: December 2016

AbstractFamous applications of Josephson junctions have successfully been established in electrical metrology for high‐precision measurements. The main important representative of a metrological application is the Josephson voltage standard initially used for dc measurements. Meanwhile, the developments are focused on Josephson voltage standards for ac applications. These quantum voltage standards for output voltages up to 10 V contain series arrays of 100 000 Josephson junctions or even more. This chapter describes the development and present status of modern Josephson voltage standards.
‘Look This Way’: Using Gaze Maintenance to Facilitate the Detection of Children's False Reports
Authors: Lawrence Hannah , Akehurst Lucy , Leach Amy‐May , Cherryman Julie , Vrij Aldert , Arathoon Megan , Vernham Zarah 
Published: December 2016

SummaryIn two experiments, we investigated whether imposing a secondary task is an effective technique for detecting child deceit. First, 85 children aged 8 to 11 years old provided either a true or false report of a recent school event. At interview, some children were asked to gaze towards either the interviewer's face (IF) or a teddy bear's face (TF), whereas some children were given no gaze instruction. In both the IF and TF conditions, lie‐tellers provided significantly fewer details than truth‐tellers. A total of 192 adult evaluators then judged the credibility of 10 children's reports from one of the three ‘gaze’ conditions with and without guidance on level of detail. Evaluators discriminated truths from lies successfully when judging children instructed to look at IF, but not when children were asked to gaze towards TF. Evaluators who received guidance demonstrated better discrimination between true and false reports than evaluators who received no such information. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clinical Enthesitis in a Prospective Longitudinal Psoriatic Arthritis Cohort: Incidence, Prevalence, Characteristics, and Outcome
Authors: Polachek Ari , Li Suzanne , Chandran Vinod , Gladman Dafna D. 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveTo evaluate the incidence, prevalence, characteristics, disease associations, risk factors, and outcome of clinical enthesitis in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA).MethodsThe study included patients with PsA followed prospectively. Enthesitis was defined as the presence of at least 1 tender enthesis at 1 of the 18 entheseal sites of the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada enthesitis index.ResultsBetween 2008 and 2014, 281 of 803 patients had enthesitis, providing a prevalence of 35%. A total of 192 patients developed enthesitis during the course of followup, with an annual incidence of 0.9%. Most of the patients had 1 (48.4%) or 2 (32.2%) tender entheseal sites, and the mean ± SD number of sites per visit was 2.03 ± 1.6. The 3 most common sites were at the insertions of the Achilles tendon, plantar fascia on the calcaneus, and the lateral epicondyles (24.2%, 20.8%, and 17.2%, respectively). More active disease (higher actively inflamed joint count, tenosynovitis, and dactylitis), more pain, and less clinical damage were associated with enthesitis. Higher body mass index, more actively inflamed joints, and younger age were risk factors for developing this condition. Enthesitis resolved in most patients without changing treatment.ConclusionClinical enthesitis is common, with a period prevalence of 35% of PsA patients. It usually involves only 1 or 2 sites simultaneously. The most common tender sites are at the insertions of the Achilles tendon, plantar fascia, and the lateral epicondyles. More active disease and more pain are associated with enthesitis.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Allylation of Racemic Morita–Baylis–Hillman Adducts
Authors: Wang Xubin , Wang Xiaoming , Han Zhaobin , Wang Zheng , Ding Kuiling 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed asymmetric allyl–allyl cross‐coupling of acetates of racemic Morita–Baylis–Hillman adducts and allylB(pin) has been developed using a spiroketal‐based bis(phosphine) as the chiral ligand, thus affording a series of chiral 1,5‐dienes bearing a vinylic ester functionality in good yields, high branched regioselectivities, and uniformly excellent enantioselectivities (95–99 % ee). Further synthetic manipulations of the allylation products provided novel ways for rapid access to a range of chiral polycyclic lactones and polycyclic lactams, as well as the antidepressant drug (−)‐Paroxetine, in high optical purities.
Dibora[2]ferrocenophan: ein carbenstabilisiertes Diboren in einer gespannten cis‐Konfiguration
Authors: Braunschweig Holger , Krummenacher Ivo , Lichtenberg Crispin , Mattock James D. , Schäfer Marius , Schmidt Uwe , Schneider Christoph , Steffenhagen Thomas , Ullrich Stefan , Vargas Alfredo 
Published: December 2016

AbstractUngesättigte Brücken, die in gespannten ansa‐Metallocenen zwei Cyclopentadienyl‐Einheiten miteinander verbinden, sind äußerst selten und auf Kohlenstoff‐Kohlenstoff‐Doppelbindungen beschränkt. Die Synthese und Isolierung eines gespannten Ferrocenophans mit einer ungesättigten Brücke aus zwei Boratomen, die isoelektronisch mit einer C=C‐Doppelbindung ist, wurde durch Reduktion eines carbenstabilisierten 1,1′‐Bis(dihalogenboryl)ferrocens erstmals verwirklicht. Spektroskopische und elektrochemische Messmethoden sowie DFT‐Rechnungen wurden angewendet, um den Einfluss der beispiellosen, gespannten cis‐Konfiguration auf die optischen und elektrochemischen Eigenschaften der carbenstabilisierten Diboren‐Einheit zu untersuchen. Erste Reaktivitätsstudien zeigen, dass das Dibora[2]ferrocenophan anfällig für die Spaltung der Bor‐Bor‐Doppelbindung ist.
Durch N‐heterocyclische Carbene stabilisierte Borylradikale
Authors: Silva Valverde Miguel F. , Schweyen Peter , Gisinger Daria , Bannenberg Thomas , Freytag Matthias , Kleeberg Christian , Tamm Matthias 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDie Reaktion von 2‐(Trimethylsilyl)imidazoliumtriflat 9 mit Diarylborhalogeniden (4‐R‐C6H4)2BX (R=H, X=Br; R=CH3, X=Cl; R=CF3, X=Cl) führte zu den NHC‐stabilisierten Boreniumkationen 10 a–c. Cyclovoltammetrische Untersuchungen offenbarten eine lineare Korrelation zwischen den Hammett‐Parametern σp der para‐Substituenten und den Halbstufenpotentialen. Die chemische Reduktion mittels Decamethylcobaltocen, [(C5Me5)2Co], lieferte die entsprechenden Radikale 11 a–c; ihre Charakterisierung durch EPR‐Spektroskopie bestätigte den paramagnetischen Charakter von 11 a–c und ergab große Hyperfeinkopplungskonstanten zu den Bor‐Isotopen 11B und 10B, während die Delokalisierung des ungepaarten Elektrons in das NHC vernachlässigbar ist. DFT‐Berechnungen der Anteile der Spindichteverteilung zwischen dem Carben (NHC) und dem Borylfragment (BR2) offenbarte für 11 a–c ein Spindichteverhältnis (BR2 /NHC) von ca. 9:1, wodurch ihr eindeutiger Borylcharakter unterstrichen wird. Die Molekülstruktur der stabilsten Spezies 11 c wurde durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse bestimmt.
Dibora[2]ferrocenophane: A Carbene‐Stabilized Diborene in a Strained cis‐Configuration
Authors: Braunschweig Holger , Krummenacher Ivo , Lichtenberg Crispin , Mattock James D. , Schäfer Marius , Schmidt Uwe , Schneider Christoph , Steffenhagen Thomas , Ullrich Stefan , Vargas Alfredo 
Published: December 2016

AbstractUnsaturated bridges that link the two cyclopentadienyl ligands together in strained ansa metallocenes are rare and limited to carbon–carbon double bonds. The synthesis and isolation of a strained ferrocenophane containing an unsaturated two‐boron bridge, isoelectronic with a C=C double bond, was achieved by reduction of a carbene‐stabilized 1,1′‐bis(dihaloboryl)ferrocene. A combination of spectroscopic and electrochemical measurements as well as density functional theory (DFT) calculations was used to assess the influence of the unprecedented strained cis configuration on the optical and electrochemical properties of the carbene‐stabilized diborene unit. Initial reactivity studies show that the dibora[2]ferrocenophane is prone to boron–boron double bond cleavage reactions.
Stable Di‐ and Tri‐coordinated Carbon(II) Supported by an Electron‐Rich β‐Diketiminate Ligand
Authors: Regnier Vianney , Planet Yoan , Moore Curtis E. , Pecaut Jacques , Philouze Christian , Martin David 
Published: December 2016

AbstractComplexes of the ubiquitous β‐diketiminates (NacNac) ligands have been reported with most elements of the periodic table, including Group 14 Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb. The striking absence of carbon representatives has been attributed to the extreme electrophilicity of the putative C‐NacNac adducts. An electron enriched 2,4‐(dimethylamino)diketiminato backbone is described, which allowed for the synthesis and isolation of such stable pyrimidin‐1,3‐diium and pyrimidinium‐2‐ylidene salts. Structural and preliminary reactivity studies are reported, including an air‐stable gold complex. An unforeseen original class of stable N‐heterocyclic carbenes and, more generally, the potential of electron‐rich NacNac patterns for taming highly electrophilic centers are showcased.
Vascular Canals in Permanent Hyaline Cartilage: Development, Corrosion of Nonmineralized Cartilage Matrix, and Removal of Matrix Degradation Products
Authors: Gabner Simone , Häusler Gabriele , Böck Peter 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTCore areas in voluminous pieces of permanent cartilage are metabolically supplied via vascular canals (VCs). We studied cartilage corrosion and removal of matrix degradation products during the development of VCs in nose and rib cartilage of piglets. Conventional staining methods were used for glycosaminoglycans, immunohistochemistry was performed to demonstrate collagens types I and II, laminin, Ki‐67, von Willebrand factor, VEGF, macrophage marker MAC387, S‐100 protein, MMPs ‐2,‐9,‐13,‐14, and their inhibitors TIMP1 and TIMP2. VCs derived from connective tissue buds that bulged into cartilage matrix (“perichondrial papillae”, PPs). Matrix was corroded at the tips of PPs or resulting VCs. Connective tissue stromata in PPs and VCs comprised an axial afferent blood vessel, peripherally located wide capillaries, fibroblasts, newly synthesized matrix, and residues of corroded cartilage matrix (collagen type II, acidic proteoglycans). Multinucleated chondroclasts were absent, and monocytes/macrophages were not seen outside the blood vessels. Vanishing acidity characterized areas of extracellular matrix degradation (“preresorptive layers”), from where the dismantled matrix components diffused out. Leached‐out material stained in an identical manner to intact cartilage matrix. It was detected in the stroma and inside capillaries and associated downstream veins. We conclude that the delicate VCs are excavated by endothelial sprouts and fibroblasts, whilst chondroclasts are specialized to remove high volumes of mineralized cartilage. VCs leading into permanent cartilage can be formed by corrosion or inclusion, but most VCs comprise segments that have developed in either of these ways. Anat Rec, 300:1067–1082, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Case study on Bioeconomy Campus, Central Finland
Authors: Ylimartimo Anneli 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis paper studies the development path, assets, and challenges of an initiative for a bioeconomy innovation ecosystem located in a sparsely populated rural area. The case studied is the Bioeconomy Campus in northern Central Finland. Central Finland was one of the European bioregions whose bioeconomy was analyzed from the clustering point of view by the FP7 project BERST ‐ BioEconomy Regional Strategy Toolkit (2013–2015). In this paper, the role of the Bioeconomy Campus in the Finnish research, development, and innovation (RDI) system is described and the development path of the campus is studied in the context of the BERST results from Central Finland. The cluster analyses in BERST were based on information about bioeconomy clusters located mostly in densely populated central European areas with big industries. The potential of the Bioeconomy Campus to further develop and to promote smart growth in the surrounding rural environment is discussed by comparing the findings of this case study with the BERST results and with some results presented in literature on clusters and innovation ecosystems. The main aim of the comparison is to get indication of the relevance and usefulness of this type of down‐scaling for further exploitation of BERST results. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Associations Between Delay Discounting and Risk‐Related Behaviors, Traits, Attitudes, and Outcomes
Authors: Mishra Sandeep , Lalumière Martin L. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDelay discounting—preference for immediate, smaller rewards over distal, larger rewards—has been argued to be part of the “generality of deviance”, which describes the co‐occurrence of various forms of impulsive and risky behaviors among individuals. Some studies have linked laboratory‐measured delay discounting to behaviors, traits, attitudes, and outcomes associated with risk, but these associations have been inconsistent. Furthermore, many of these studies have been conducted with exclusively undergraduate samples, or in samples offering low statistical power. In a large community sample (n = 328) diverse in age and socioeconomic status, we examined associations between two measures of behavioral delay discounting (single‐shot and canonical k‐parameter estimation) and behavioral risk‐taking, personality traits associated with risk, domain‐specific risk attitudes, gambling and problem gambling, antisocial behavior, and criminal outcomes. In addition, we explored whether a novel response time latency measure of delay discounting explained variance in these risk‐related outcomes. Results indicated that behavioral delay discounting was consistently associated with all variables related to impulse control: high trait impulsivity, low trait self‐control, risk‐averse attitudes toward financial investment, risk‐prone attitudes toward gambling and health/safety risks, gambling and problem gambling, antisocial conduct, and criminal outcomes. Latency‐measured delay discounting was inconsistently associated with behavioral delay discounting and risk‐related measures. Together, results suggest that delay discounting is associated with poor impulse control consistent with a generality of deviance account. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quenching of electronically excited N2 molecules and Tb3+/Eu3+ ions by polyatomic sulfur‐containing gases upon triboluminescence of inorganic lanthanide salts
Authors: Sharipov G. L. , Tukhbatullin A. A. , Bagautdinova A. R. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe triboluminescence of Eu2(SO4)3·8H2O and Tb2(SO4)3·8H2O crystals in an atmosphere of sulfur dioxide (SO2) or sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) was studied. Quenching of the gaseous (emitter N2) and solid‐state (emitter Ln3+) components of the triboluminescence (TL) emission spectrum was seen when compared with the TL spectra of the crystals in air. One reason for the quenching is a reduction in the effective charge both on the crystal surface and in micro‐cracks under an SO2 or SF6 atmosphere, leading to a decrease in the probability of electrical breakdown and a reduction in electric field strength responsible for the electroluminescence excitation of lanthanide ions in TL. In an SO2 atmosphere, there is an additional mode of quenching, as confirmed by quenching of the crystal photoluminescence (emitter Ln3+). It is supposed that this quenching is due to an exchange of energy on electronic excitation of the lanthanide ions to the vibrational sublevels of the SO2 molecules adsorbed on the crystal surface. Another additional channel of TL quenching originates from non‐radiative transfer of excitation energy during collisions between the *N2 and SO2 molecules in the gaseous phase.
Decision making for upgrading or downgrading a CRT device regarding ethical, medical, and economic issues
Authors: Kallergis E. M. , Simantirakis E. N. , Nakou E. S. , Vardas P. E. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThere are limited data about the management of patients presenting for elective generator replacements in the setting of previously implanted implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) or cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) devices that are nearing end of life. Over a patient's life span, clinical situations evolve and previously present conditions that merited CRT implantation may change. The individual patient's clinical status and concomitant illnesses may evolve so that considerations may include not only replacement of the pulse generator but also potentially changing the type of device [e.g., downgrading CRT‐defibrillator (CRT‐D) to CRT‐pacemaker (CRT‐P) or ICD or upgrading of CRT‐P to CRT‐D]. Moreover, the clinical evidence for CRT‐D/CRT‐P placement may evolve over time, with ongoing research and availability of new trial data. In this review we discuss the ethical, medical, and financial implications related to CRT generator replacements and the need for additional clinical trials to better understand which patients should undergo downgrading or upgrading.Answer questions and earn CME: https://wileyhealthlearning.com/Activity2/4596227/Activity.aspx
How to follow a patient with heart failure and a biventricular device
Authors: Theofilogiannakos E. K. , Vassilikos V. P. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCardiac resynchronization therapy is the gold standard therapy for patients with moderate to severe heart failure symptoms on optimal medical treatment, with left ventricular ejection fraction <35% and broad QRS (>120 msec). However, one‐third of them do not respond to CRT (defines as no any functional/symptomatic improvement and/or without left ventricular reverse remodeling). Some patients might potentially be responders if manages properly and for this reason, patient after CRT implantation should be followed up regularly. Given that a CRT patient is mainly a heart failure patient, follow up should not be focused only on device interrogation but it is essential to optimize the overall heart failure of the patient. This paper reviews the stages of an outpatient follow up of a CRT patient focusing primarily on the nonresponders management.Answer questions and earn CME: https://wileyhealthlearning.com/Activity2/4596349/Activity.aspx
Advanced atrioventricular block with a very prolonged ventricular asystole detected four hours after placement of an impantable loop recorder
Authors: Korantzopoulos P. , Ntalas I. V. , Papafaklis M. I. , Goudevenos J. A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this report, we present a 42‐year‐old woman without structural heart disease who underwent an implantable loop recorder implantation for recurrent syncopal episodes during the past 12 years. Four hours after implantation, the patient suffered sudden loss of consciousness while sitting on her bed in the ward. Interestingly, interrogation of the device revealed an episode of advanced atrioventricular block with a very prolonged ventricular asystole of 25 sec. We also provide a concise overview of the literature regarding the implantable loop recorder use in recurrent unexplained syncope as well as regarding idiopathic advanced atrioventricular block.
Successful treatment of severe baclofen toxicosis initially refractory to conventional treatment
Authors: Fox Christine M. , Daly Meredith L. 
Published: December 2016

Key Clinical MessageAfter ingesting a dose of baclofen thought to be lethal, a patient with severe neurologic signs was successfully managed despite initially being refractory to treatment. Patients with persistent neurologic abnormalities may still have an excellent prognosis despite lack of initial response. Additionally, we present a potential case of benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Like Father, Like Daughter—inherited cutis aplasia occurring in a family with Marfan syndrome: a case report
Authors: Islam Yasmin Florence Khodeja , Williams Charles A. , Schoch Jennifer Jane , Andrews Israel David 
Published: December 2016

Key Clinical MessageWe present the case of a newborn with co‐occurrence of Marfan syndrome and aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) and a family history significant for Marfan syndrome and ACC in the father. This case details a previously unreported mutation in Marfan syndrome and describes a novel coinheritance of Marfan syndrome and ACC.
Therapeutic plasma exchange: a second‐line treatment for brodifacoum poisoning following an anaphylactoid reaction to vitamin K
Authors: Deng Ying , Qiu Li 
Published: December 2016

Key Clinical MessageVitamin K1 is the first‐line therapy to brodifacoum poisoning. Anaphylactoid reactions may occur anytime during intravenous administration of vitamin K1 injection. Vitamin K1 must be ceased when anaphylactoid reactions emerge, and therapeutic plasma exchange could be a second‐line option.