bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A high‐resolution regional reanalysis for Europe. Part 2: 2D analysis of surface temperature, precipitation and wind
Authors: Landelius T. , Dahlgren P. , Gollvik S. , Jansson A. , Olsson E. 
Published: April 2016

The set‐up and performance of the regional reanalysis for Europe with the HIgh‐Resolution Limited‐Area Model (HIRLAM) to a 3D grid‐mesh with 22 km resolution for the years 1989–2010 have been presented in Part 1. This part describes how the 3D dataset is further downscaled and used as input for an analysis of a number of surface‐related parameters: 2 m temperature, minimum and maximum daily temperatures, 10 m wind, and daily precipitation. The analysis is done on a 2D grid‐mesh with 5 km grid spacing using the MESoscale ANalysis system (MESAN) for temperature and precipitation and a dynamical adaptation method (DYNAD) for the 10 m wind.Results from MESAN and DYNAD are compared with observations and the HIRLAM 3D‐Var reanalysis. A couple of cases with severe weather are studied to illustrate how such events are represented in the analyses. The comparisons show statistically significant added value in comparison to the HIRLAM reanalysis.
Multi‐parametric extremum seeking‐based iterative feedback gains tuning for nonlinear control
Authors: Benosman Mouhacine 
Published: April 2016

SummaryWe study in this paper the problem of iterative feedback gains auto‐tuning for a class of nonlinear systems. For the class of input–output linearizable nonlinear systems with bounded additive uncertainties, we first design a nominal input–output linearization‐based robust controller that ensures global uniform boundedness of the output tracking error dynamics. Then, we complement the robust controller with a model‐free multi‐parametric extremum seeking control to iteratively auto‐tune the feedback gains. We analyze the stability of the whole controller, that is, the robust nonlinear controller combined with the multi‐parametric extremum seeking model‐free learning algorithm. We use numerical tests to demonstrate the performance of this method on a mechatronics example. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Web-Based, Pictograph-Formatted Discharge Instructions for Low-Literacy Older Adults After Hip Replacement Surgery: Findings of End-User Evaluation of the Website
Authors: Choi Jeungok , Jacelon Cynthia S. , Kalmakis Karen A. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to develop web-based, pictograph-formatted discharge instructions and evaluate the website with intended users to maximize the relevance and clarity of the website.

Design:
A descriptive study.

Methods:
Low-literacy text and 45 sets of pictographs were implemented in web-based instructions. The content, design, function, and navigation of the website were reviewed by 15 low-literate older adults following hip replacement surgery.

Findings:
Participants observed that the simple line drawings with clear background were well suited to web pages and helped to convey the points made. They also suggested changes such as adding an additional alphabetical index menu to enhance easy navigation and removing hypertext links to avoid distraction.

Conclusions:
Web-based, pictograph-formatted discharge instructions were well received by low-literate older adults, who perceived the website easy to use and understand.

Clinical Relevance:
A pictograph-formatted approach may provide effective strategies to promote understanding of lengthy, complex action-based discharge instructions in rehabilitation facilities.
The combined occluding effect of sodium fluoride varnish and Nd:YAG laser irradiation on dentinal tubules—A CLSM and SEM study
Authors: Tosun Samet , Culha Emre , Aydin Ugur , Ozsevik Abdul Semih 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the dentinal tubule occlusion potential and penetration of Clinpro® White Varnish (5% sodium fluoride + tri‐calcium phosphate) in the presence or absence of Nd:YAG laser. Seventy‐five dentin samples collected from 38 freshly extracted human molars were randomly divided into five groups (n = 15). Groups A, B, D, and E were varnished with Clinpro, whereas group C (no treatment) served as the control group. Groups B and E were further irradiated with Nd:YAG laser (1.5 W, 10 Hz, 1 min). All study groups were subjected to pH cycling (kept in 0.3% citric acid 5 min/day for 5 days). Groups A, B, and C were evaluated for tubule occlusion using scanning electron microscopy. Groups D and E were evaluated for penetration with confocal laser scanning microscopy (SEM). Non‐parametric Kruskall–Wallis and Dunn's statistical tests were used for analysis of SEM results. The penetration depths were analyzed with one‐way ANOVA followed by Fisher's Least Significant Difference tests. Tubular occlusion of groups A and B were significantly greater than group C (p < 0.05). Tubular occlusion of group B were significantly greater than group A (p < 0.05). Penetration depth for group D was significantly greater than group E (p < 0.05). Laser application improved the tubular occlusion capacity of Clinpro. Contrary, laser reduced the penetration of Clinpro. SCANNING 38:619–624, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Bayesian adaptive design for estimating the maximum tolerated dose curve using drug combinations in cancer phase I clinical trials
Authors: Tighiouart Mourad , Li Quanlin , Rogatko André 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe present a cancer phase I clinical trial design of a combination of two drugs with the goal of estimating the maximum tolerated dose curve in the two‐dimensional Cartesian plane. A parametric model is used to describe the relationship between the doses of the two agents and the probability of dose limiting toxicity. The model is re‐parameterized in terms of the probabilities of toxicities at dose combinations corresponding to the minimum and maximum doses available in the trial and the interaction parameter. Trial design proceeds using cohorts of two patients receiving doses according to univariate escalation with overdose control (EWOC), where at each stage of the trial, we seek a dose of one agent using the current posterior distribution of the MTD of this agent given the current dose of the other agent. The maximum tolerated dose curve is estimated as a function of Bayes estimates of the model parameters. Performance of the trial is studied by evaluating its design operating characteristics in terms of safety of the trial and percent of dose recommendation at dose combination neighborhoods around the true MTD curve and under model misspecifications for the true dose–toxicity relationship. The method is further extended to accommodate discrete dose combinations and compared with previous approaches under several scenarios. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trauma‐Related Context Increases Sleep Disturbances in People with Acute Stress Disorder Symptoms
Authors: Grossman Ephraim S. , Hoffman Yaakov S. G. , Shrira Amit 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn this study, we addressed how sleep is related to acute stress disorder (ASD) symptoms, and how the presence of a trauma related‐context moderates this relationship. This study (N = 140) was carried out during the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict, during which 70% of Israelis were exposed to missile attacks. Findings show that participants with clinical ASD symptom levels reported more sleep disturbances than participants without clinical ASD symptom levels. More critically, this effect was only evident among respondents who had a reinforced security room in their houses. While reinforced security rooms offer protection against indirect missile damage, their relevance is salient in negative traumatic situations, which individuals with a clinical level of ASD are more sensitive to. Conversely, in houses without a reinforced security room, there was no difference in subjective sleep reports between individuals with or without clinical levels of ASD symptoms. Results are discussed in reference to trauma being activated by context and the ensuing effects on sleep. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mitochondrial Transfer via Tunneling Nanotubes is an Important Mechanism by Which Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Macrophage Phagocytosis in the In Vitro and In Vivo Models of ARDS
Authors: Jackson Megan V. , Morrison Thomas J. , Doherty Declan F. , McAuley Daniel F. , Matthay Michael A. , Kissenpfennig Adrien , O'Kane Cecilia M. , Krasnodembskaya Anna D. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been reported to improve bacterial clearance in preclinical models of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and sepsis. The mechanism of this effect is not fully elucidated yet. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that the antimicrobial effect of MSC in vivo depends on their modulation of macrophage phagocytic activity which occurs through mitochondrial transfer. We established that selective depletion of alveolar macrophages (AM) with intranasal (IN) administration of liposomal clodronate resulted in complete abrogation of MSC antimicrobial effect in the in vivo model of Escherichia coli pneumonia. Furthermore, we showed that MSC administration was associated with enhanced AM phagocytosis in vivo. We showed that direct coculture of MSC with monocyte-derived macrophages enhanced their phagocytic capacity. By fluorescent imaging and flow cytometry we demonstrated extensive mitochondrial transfer from MSC to macrophages which occurred at least partially through tunneling nanotubes (TNT)-like structures. We also detected that lung macrophages readily acquire MSC mitochondria in vivo, and macrophages which are positive for MSC mitochondria display more pronounced phagocytic activity. Finally, partial inhibition of mitochondrial transfer through blockage of TNT formation by MSC resulted in failure to improve macrophage bioenergetics and complete abrogation of the MSC effect on macrophage phagocytosis in vitro and the antimicrobial effect of MSC in vivo. Collectively, this work for the first time demonstrates that mitochondrial transfer from MSC to innate immune cells leads to enhancement in phagocytic activity and reveals an important novel mechanism for the antimicrobial effect of MSC in ARDS.
Study of Potential Energy Surfaces towards Global Reaction Route Mapping
Authors: Ohno Koichi 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe potential energy surface (PES) is just a theoretical construct based on the Born‐Oppenheimer approximation, but it underlies various phenomena, including molecular vibrations, collisional ionizations, and chemical reactions. This account describes how a new idea for global reaction route mapping (GRRM), which had seemed to be impossible for chemical systems with more than three atoms, was born and has been developed during the course of the study of the PES. GRRM has pioneered new fields of chemistry. Furthermore, techniques for GRRM are still developing, and GRRM is further extending its application to various areas of chemistry and chemical physics.
Effect of donepezil and kamikihito combination therapy on cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease: Retrospective study
Authors: Ishida Kazuyuki 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTAimKamikihito (KKT) is a herbal drug used in traditional Japanese medicine (kampo medicine) to treat psychological symptoms such as insomnia, restlessness, and fear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the combination of KKT extract and donepezil (DPZ) on the cognitive function of patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsThe effect of this combination therapy (CBT) was analyzed retrospectively using Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE). AD patients were treated with DPZ (5 mg/day). Those with psychological symptoms, such as insomnia, were also given the KKT extract (7.5 g/day), beginning 3 months after the initiation of DPZ.ResultsMedical records of patients who visited the outpatient department for the first time between May 2010 and January 2013 were retrospectively evaluated, and six patients from each group selected as candidates for this study. Changes in total MMSE score for the DPZ and CBT groups were unremarkable until 6 months; at 12 months the scores were markedly, but non‐significantly, different: cognitive function was maintained in the CBT group while it deteriorated in the DPZ group. On MMSE subscale analysis, delayed memory recall score in the CBT group was sustained in a statistically significant manner.ConclusionCBT may prolong the effect of DPZ and, thus, CBT may be more beneficial than monotherapy using DPZ.
Illuminating elimination: public perception and the production of potable water reuse
Authors: Ormerod Kerri Jean 
Published: April 2016

Given the scope of water and sanitation challenges posed by climate change and continued urbanization, potable water recycling is gaining traction as a means to expand urban water supply and decrease wastewater disposal into waterways. No longer regarded as a system by‐product without value, planners increasingly consider wastewater a displaced resource in need of recirculation. The literature suggests that public perception and institutional barriers are the limiting factors to greater recapture and reuse of wastewater. Implicitly accepting water recycling as a sustainable alternative, much of the research is aimed at overcoming public opposition. However, the trend toward potable water recycling disrupts the normally hidden processes of urban water delivery, treatment, and disposal. In doing so, it provides a rare opportunity to contemplate taken‐for‐granted technologies of waterborne sanitation and to recognize alternative modes of managing human excrement, including composting toilets and dry sanitation. WIREs Water 2016, 3:537–547. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1149This article is categorized under:

Engineering Water > Planning Water
Human Water > Water as Imagined and Represented
Reflections on climate change communication research and practice in the second decade of the 21st century: what more is there to say?
Authors: Moser Susanne C. 
Published: April 2016

Appreciable advances have been made in recent years in raising climate change awareness and enhancing support for climate and energy policies. There also has been considerable progress in understanding of how to effectively communicate climate change. This progress raises questions about the future directions of communication research and practice. What more is there to say? Through a selective literature review, focused on contributions since a similar stock‐taking exercise in 2010,1 the article delineates significant advances, emerging trends and topics, and tries to chart critical needs and opportunities going forward. It describes the climate communication landscape midway through the second decade of the 21st century to contextualize the challenges faced by climate change communication as a scientific field. Despite the important progress made on key scientific challenges laid out in 2010, persistent challenges remain (superficial public understanding of climate change, transitioning from awareness and concern to action, communicating in deeply politicized and polarized environments, and dealing with the growing sense of overwhelm and hopelessness). In addition, new challenges and topics have emerged that communication researchers and practitioners now face. The study reflects on the crucial need to improve the interaction between climate communication research and practice, and calls for dedicated science‐practice boundary work focused on climate change communication. A set of new charges to climate communicators and researchers are offered in hopes to move climate change communication to a new place—at once more humble yet also more ambitious than ever before, befitting to the crucial role it could play in the cultural work humanity faces with climate change. WIREs Clim Change 2016, 7:345–369. doi: 10.1002/wcc.403This article is categorized under:

Perceptions, Behavior, and Communication of Climate Change > Communication
Trinuclear Cobalt(II) and Zinc(II) Salamo‐type Complexes: Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Fluorescent Properties
Authors: Dong Wen‐Kui , Zhang Fan , Li Na , Xu Li , Zhang Yang , Zhang Jing , Zhu Li‐Chun 
Published: April 2016

AbstractTwo trinuclear CoII and ZnII complexes, [(CoL)2(OAc)2Co] and [(ZnL)2(OAc)2Zn], with an asymmetric Salen‐type bisoxime ligand [H2L = 4‐(N,N‐diethylamine)‐2,2′‐[ethylenediyldioxybis(nitrilomethylidyne)]diphenol] were synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, UV/Vis, and fluorescent spectroscopy. The crystal structures of the CoII and ZnII complexes were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction methods. The CoII atom is pentacoodinated by N2O2 donor atoms from the (L)2– unit and one oxygen atom from the coordinated acetate ion, resulting in a trigonal bipyramid arrangement. With the help of intermolecular hydrogen bonding C–H···O and C–H···π interactions, a self‐assembled continual zigzag chain‐like supramolecular structure is formed. The ZnII atom is pentacoodinated by N2O2 donor atoms from the (L)2– unit and one oxygen atom from the coordinated acetate ion, resulting in an almost regular trigonal bipyramid arrangement. A self‐assembled continual 1D supramolecular chain‐like structure is formed by intermolecular hydrogen bonding C–H···O and C–H···π interactions. Additionally, the photophysical properties of the CoII and ZnII complexes were discussed.
Meeting physical activity recommendations may be protective against temporal lobe atrophy in older adults at risk for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Dougherty Ryan J. , Ellingson Laura D. , Schultz Stephanie A. , Boots Elizabeth A. , Meyer Jacob D. , Lindheimer Jacob B. , Van Riper Stephanie , Stegner Aaron J. , Edwards Dorothy F. , Oh Jennifer M. , Koscik Rebecca L. , Dowling Maritza N. , Gallagher Catherine L. , Carlsson Cynthia M. , Rowley Howard A. , Bendlin Barbara B. , Asthana Sanjay , Hermann Bruce P. , Sager Mark A. , Johnson Sterling C. , Okonkwo Ozioma C. , Cook Dane B. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIntroductionPhysical activity (PA) is associated with brain health in older adults. However, it is unknown whether the current physical activity recommendations (PAR) impart substantive benefit. The objective of this study was to compare temporal lobe volumes between older adults who met PAR and those who did not.MethodsNinety‐one enrollees from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention wore an accelerometer for seven consecutive days to quantify their PA behaviors and underwent a T‐1 anatomic magnetic resonance imaging scan. Participants were categorized as either having met PAR or not based on the US Department of Health and Human Services recommendations of 150 minutes of moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity per week.ResultsParticipants who met PAR possessed significantly greater inferior (η2P = .050) and anterior (η2P = .055) temporal lobe volumes compared with those who did not (P < .05).DiscussionIndividuals at‐risk for AD experience accelerated rates of brain atrophy. These results suggest that regular engagement in PA at or above PAR could attenuate this decline.
Expanding the phenotypic associations of globular glial tau subtypes
Authors: Burrell James R. , Forrest Shelley , Bak Thomas H. , Hodges John R. , Halliday Glenda M. , Kril Jillian J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIntroductionClinicopathologic correlation in non‐Alzheimer's tauopathies is variable, despite refinement of pathologic diagnostic criteria. In the present study, the clinical and neuroimaging characteristics of globular glial tauopathy (GGT) were examined to determine whether subtyping according to consensus guidelines improves clinicopathologic correlation.MethodsConfirmed GGT cases (n = 11) were identified from 181 frontotemporal tauopathy cases. Clinical and neuroimaging details were collected, and cases sub‐typed according to the consensus criteria for GGT diagnosis. Relationships between clinical syndrome and GGT subtype were investigated.ResultsIn total, 11 patients (seven males, four females, mean age = 67.3 +/− 10.6 years) with GGT were included. Most, but not all, presented with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia, but none had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Subtyping of GGT proved to be difficult and did not improve clinicopathologic correlation.DiscussionSub‐classification of GGT pathology may be difficult and did not improve clinicopathologic correlation. Better biomarkers of tau pathology are needed.
Tool path planning of hole-making operations in ejector plate of injection mould using modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm
Authors: Dalavi Amol M. , Pawar Padmakar J. , Singh Tejinder Paul 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Optimization of hole-making operations in manufacturing industry plays a vital role. Tool travel and tool switch planning are the two major issues in hole-making operations. Many industrial applications such as moulds, dies, engine block, automotive parts etc. requires machining of large number of holes. Large number of machining operations like drilling, enlargement or tapping/reaming are required to achieve the final size of individual hole, which gives rise to number of possible sequences to complete hole-making operations on the part depending upon the location of hole and tool sequence to be followed. It is necessary to find the optimal sequence of operations which minimizes the total processing cost of hole-making operations. In this work, therefore an attempt is made to reduce the total processing cost of hole-making operations by applying relatively new optimization algorithms known as shuffled frog leaping algorithm and proposed modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm for the determination of optimal sequence of hole-making operations. An industrial application example of ejector plate of injection mould is considered in this work to demonstrate the proposed approach. The obtained results by the shuffled frog leaping algorithm and proposed modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm are compared with each other. It is seen from the obtained results that the results of proposed modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm are superior to those obtained using shuffled frog leaping algorithm.
Highlights Tool travel and tool switch scheduling are major issues in optimization of hole-making operations. Many industrial applications such as moulds, engine block, automotive parts etc. requires machining of number of holes. It is necessary to achieve a correct sequence of hole-making operations to minimize tool travel and tool switch and finally to minimize total processing cost. In the present work, we have attempted an industrial application example of ejector plate of injection mould using shuffled frog leaping algorithm and modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm.
Clinical effects of transobturator tape procedure with porcine small intestine submucosa for female stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Wang Chiu‐Lin , Shen Ching‐Ju , Lin Kun‐Ling , Long Cheng‐Yu 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the transobturator tape (TOT) procedure using porcine small intestine submucosa (SIS) for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Forty‐two consecutive patients with SUI who underwent the TOT procedure with porcine SIS were enrolled. The surgical outcomes, and data of urodynamic study and a questionnaire prior to and after surgery were collected and analyzed retrospectively. SUI was reported subjectively cured in 34 of the 42 patients (81.0%) 1 year after surgery, and declined to the rate of 66.7% at 5 years postoperatively. The subjective symptoms of frequency and nocturia also improved significantly (p < 0.01). Graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) developed in four patients, but without major complications. Despite the bladder volume at first desire to void increased significantly after surgery (p < 0.01), the remaining urodynamic parameters did not differ in a significant manner. In conclusion, the long‐term cure rate of the TOT procedure with SIS is lower than with synthetic materials, but with relatively lower morbidity.