bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Dust Radial Drift on Viscous Evolution of Gaseous Disk
Authors: Kanagawa Kazuhiro D. , Ueda Takahiro , Muto Takayuki , Okuzumi Satoshi 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The total amount of dust (or “metallicity”) and the dust distribution in protoplanetary disks are crucial for planet formation. Dust grains radially drift owing to gas–dust friction, and the gas is affected by the feedback from dust grains. We investigate the effects of the feedback from dust grains on the viscous evolution of the gas, taking into account the vertical dust settling. The feedback from the grains pushes the gas outward. When the grains are small and the dust-to-gas mass ratio is much smaller than unity, the radial drift velocity is reduced by the feedback effect but the gas still drifts inward. When the grains are sufficiently large or piled up, the feedback is so effective that it forces the gas flows outward. Although the dust feedback is affected by dust settling, we found that the 2D approximation reasonably reproduces the vertical averaged flux of gas and dust. We also performed the 2D two-fluid hydrodynamic simulations to examine the effect of the feedback from the grains on the evolution of the gas disk. We show that when the feedback is effective, the gas flows outward and the gas density at the region within

is significantly depleted. As a result, the dust-to-gas mass ratio at the inner radii may significantly exceed unity, providing the environment where planetesimals are easily formed via, e.g., streaming instability. We also show that a simplified 1D model well reproduces the results of the 2D two-fluid simulations, which would be useful for future studies.
Dependence of X-Ray Burst Models on Nuclear Masses
Authors: Schatz H. , Ong W.-J. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
X-ray burst model predictions of light curves and the final composition of the nuclear ashes are affected by uncertain nuclear masses. However, not all of these masses are determined experimentally with sufficient accuracy. Here we identify the remaining nuclear mass uncertainties in X-ray burst models using a one-zone model that takes into account the changes in temperature and density evolution caused by changes in the nuclear physics. Two types of bursts are investigated—a typical mixed H/He burst with a limited rapid proton capture process (rp-process) and an extreme mixed H/He burst with an extended rp-process. When allowing for a 3σ variation, only three remaining nuclear mass uncertainties affect the light-curve predictions of a typical H/He burst (27P, 61Ga, and 65As), and only three additional masses affect the composition strongly (80Zr, 81Zr, and 82Nb). A larger number of mass uncertainties remain to be addressed for the extreme H/He burst, with the most important being 58Zn, 61Ga, 62Ge, 65As, 66Se, 78Y, 79Y, 79Zr, 80Zr, 81Zr, 82Zr, 82Nb, 83Nb, 86Tc, 91Rh, 95Ag, 98Cd, 99In, 100In, and 101In. The smallest mass uncertainty that still impacts composition significantly when varied by 3σ is 85Mo with 16 keV uncertainty. For one of the identified masses, 27P, we use the isobaric mass multiplet equation to improve the mass uncertainty, obtaining an atomic mass excess of −716(7) keV. The results provide a roadmap for future experiments at advanced rare isotope beam facilities, where all the identified nuclides are expected to be within reach for precision mass measurements.
Blocking Metal Accretion onto Population III Stars by Stellar Wind
Authors: Tanaka Shuta J. , Chiaki Gen , Tominaga Nozomu , Susa Hajime 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Low-mass population III (PopIII) stars of

could survive up until the present. The nondetection of low-mass PopIII stars in our Galaxy has already put a stringent constraint on the initial mass function (IMF) of PopIII stars, suggesting that PopIII stars have a top-heavy IMF. On the other hand, some claim that the lack of such stars stems from metal enrichment of their surfaces by the accretion of heavy elements from the interstellar medium (ISM). We investigate the effects of the stellar wind on metal accretion onto low-mass PopIII stars because accretion of the local ISM onto the Sun is prevented by the solar wind, even for neutrals. The stellar wind and radiation of low-mass PopIII stars are modeled based on knowledge of nearby low-mass stellar systems, including our Sun. We find that low-mass PopIII stars traveling across the Galaxy form a stellar magnetosphere in most of their life. Once the magnetosphere is formed, most of the neutral interstellar particles are photoionized before reaching the stellar surface and are blown away by the wind. Especially, the accretion abundance of iron will be reduced by a factor of

compared with Bondi–Hoyle–Lyttleton accretion. The metal accretion can enhance iron abundance [Fe/H] only up to ∼−14. This demonstrates that low-mass PopIII stars remain pristine and will be found as metal-free stars and that further searches for them are valuable in constraining the IMF of PopIII stars.
Joint Bayesian Estimation of Quasar Continua and the Lyα Forest Flux Probability Distribution Function
Authors: Eilers Anna-Christina , Hennawi Joseph F. , Lee Khee-Gan 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We present a new Bayesian algorithm making use of Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling that allows us to simultaneously estimate the unknown continuum level of each quasar in an ensemble of high-resolution spectra, as well as their common probability distribution function (PDF) for the transmitted Lyα forest flux. This fully automated PDF regulated continuum fitting method models the unknown quasar continuum with a linear principal component analysis (PCA) basis, with the PCA coefficients treated as nuisance parameters. The method allows one to estimate parameters governing the thermal state of the intergalactic medium (IGM), such as the slope of the temperature–density relation

, while marginalizing out continuum uncertainties in a fully Bayesian way. Using realistic mock quasar spectra created from a simplified semi-numerical model of the IGM, we show that this method recovers the underlying quasar continua to a precision of

and

at z = 3 and z = 5, respectively. Given the number of principal component spectra, this is comparable to the underlying accuracy of the PCA model itself. Most importantly, we show that we can achieve a nearly unbiased estimate of the slope

of the IGM temperature–density relation with a precision of

at z = 3 and

at z = 5, for an ensemble of ten mock high-resolution quasar spectra. Applying this method to real quasar spectra and comparing to a more realistic IGM model from hydrodynamical simulations would enable precise measurements of the thermal and cosmological parameters governing the IGM, albeit with somewhat larger uncertainties, given the increased flexibility of the model.
2004 TT357: A Potential Contact Binary in the Trans-Neptunian Belt
Authors: Thirouin Audrey , Sheppard Scott S. , Noll Keith S. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We report photometric observations of the trans-Neptunian object 2004 TT357 obtained in 2015 and 2017 using the 4.3 m Lowell’s Discovery Channel Telescope. We derive a rotational period of 7.79 ± 0.01 hr and a peak-to-peak lightcurve amplitude of 0.76 ± 0.03 mag. 2004 TT357 displays a large variability that can be explained by a very elongated single object or can be due to a contact/close binary. The most likely scenario is that 2004 TT357 is a contact binary. If it is in hydrostatic equilibrium, we find that the lightcurve can be explained by a system with a mass ratio q
min = 0.45 ± 0.05, and a density of ρ
min = 2 g cm−3, or less likely a system with q
max = 0.8 ± 0.05, and ρ
max = 5 g cm−3. Considering a single triaxial ellipsoid in hydrostatic equilibrium, we derive a lower limit to the density of 0.78 g cm−3, and an elongation (a/b) of 2.01 assuming an equatorial view. From Hubble Space Telescope data, we report no resolved companion orbiting 2004 TT357. Despite an expected high fraction of contact binaries in the trans-Neptunian belt, 2001 QG298 is the unique confirmed contact binary in the trans-Neptunian belt, and 2004 TT357 is only the second candidate to this class of systems, with 2003 SQ317.
Production and Acceleration of Antinuclei in Supernova Shockwaves
Authors: Tomassetti Nicola , Oliva Alberto 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We compute the energy spectra of antideuterons (

) and antihelium (

) in cosmic rays (CRs) in a scenario where hadronic interactions inside supernova remnants (SNRs) can produce a diffusively shock-accelerated “source component” of secondary antinuclei. The key parameters that specify the SNR environment and the interstellar CR transport are tightly constrained with the new measurements provided by the AMS experiment on the B/C ratio and on the

/

ratio. The best-fit models obtained from the two ratios are found to be inconsistent with each other, as the

/

data require enhanced secondary production. Thus, we derive conservative (i.e., B/C-driven) and speculative (

/

-driven) upper limits to the SNR flux contributions for the

and

spectra in CRs, along with their standard secondary component expected from CR collisions in the interstellar gas. We find that the source component of antinuclei can be appreciable at kinetic energies above a few ∼10 GeV n−1, but it is always sub-dominant below a few GeV n−1, that is the energy window where dark matter (DM) annihilation signatures are expected to exceed the level of secondary production. We also find that the total (standard + SNR) flux of secondary

and

is tightly constrained by the data. Thus, the presence of interaction processes in SNRs does not critically affect the total background for DM searches.
Comparison of a novel real-time PCR method (RTA) and Artus RG for the quantification of HBV DNA and HCV RNA
Authors: Aydogan Sibel , Acikgoz Ziya Cibal , Gozalan Aysegul , Kirca Fisun , Muderris Tuba , Ozturk Elife 
Published: August 2017

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare two manual isolation and real-time (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kits (RTA RT-PCR with RTA isolation kit and Artus RG RT-PCR with QIAamp isolation kit) for molecular diagnosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections.
Methodology: The study was conducted on 121 and 54 clinical samples for the detection of HBV DNA and HCV RNA, respectively, with an additional 8 HCV RNA external quality control samples.
Results: Though a high correlation was observed between the two kits for the HBV DNA (r = 0.955, p = 0.001) and HCV RNA quantifications (r = 0.828, p = 0.001), discordant results were found in nine of the HBV DNA and in six of the HCV RNA samples. The mean difference between the two systems was found to be 0.4 log IU/mL in Quality Control for Molecular Diagnostics (QCMD) HCV RNA samples by Bland-Altman analysis.
Conclusions: Although there was a high correlation between HBV DNA and HCV RNA tests according to the results of the study, the RTA system requires improvement for the determination of HCV RNA.
Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor: Incidence, Prevalence, Patient Characteristics, and Recurrence. A Registry-based Cohort Study in Denmark
Authors: Ehrenstein Vera , Andersen Søren L. , Qazi Ibrahim , Sankar Neil , Pedersen Alma B. , Sikorski Robert , Acquavella John F. 
Published: August 2017

Objective.Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) is a rare benign proliferative and inflammatory disease arising from synovia of joints, bursae, or tendon sheaths. We aimed to estimate incidence rate and prevalence of TGCT in Denmark, to describe patient characteristics and treatment modalities among patients with TGCT, and to estimate risk of TGCT recurrence.Methods.Using registry data on pathology examinations and inpatient and outpatient hospital diagnoses, we identified adult patients with diagnoses of diffuse TGCT (D-TGCT) or localized TGCT (L-TGCT) between 1997 and 2012, followed through 2012. We described patients’ characteristics, treatment modalities, and recurrence.Results.We identified 2087 patients with L-TGCT and 574 patients with D-TGCT. Their incidence rates per million person-years were 30.3 (95% CI 29.1–31.7) and 8.4 (95% CI 7.7–9.1), respectively. At the end of 2012, prevalence per 100,000 persons was 44.3 (95% CI 42.4–46.3) for L-TGCT and 11.5 (95% CI 10.6–12.6) for D-TGCT. Women made up 61% of the patients with L-TGCT and 51% of the patients with D-TGCT. Median age at diagnosis was 47 years. Ten-year risk of recurrence was 9.8% (95% CI 8.4–11.3%) after L-TGCT and 19.1% (95% CI 15.7–22.7%) after D-TGCT.Conclusion.This study contributes evidence about epidemiology of TGCT based on routinely collected population-based data gathered in a setting of universal equal access to healthcare and complete followup.
Advancing the Development of Patient-reported Outcomes for Adult Myositis at OMERACT 2016: An International Delphi Study
Authors: Park Jin Kyun , Mecoli Christopher A. , Alexanderson Helene , Regardt Malin , Christopher-Stine Lisa , Casal-Domínguez María , de Groot Ingrid , Sarver Catherine , Lundberg Ingrid E. , Bingham Clifton O. , Song Yeong Wook 
Published: August 2017

Objective.To define a set of core patient-reported domains and respective instruments for use in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). Previously, we reported a systematic literature review on patient-reported outcomes (PRO) in IIM followed by conducting international focus groups to elicit patient perspectives of myositis symptoms and effects.Methods.Based on qualitative content analysis of focus groups, an initial list of 26 candidate domains was constructed. We subsequently conducted an international modified Delphi survey to identify the importance of each of the 26 domains. Participants were asked to rate each domain on a scale of 0–10 (0 = not important, 10 = very important).Results.In this first round of the Delphi survey, 643 patients participated from the United States (n = 543), Sweden (n = 49), and South Korea (n = 51). Of the 26 domains, 19 (73%) were rated of high importance (≥ 7/10). The top 5 domains were muscle symptoms, fatigue, interactions with healthcare, medication side effects, and pain. During Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) 2016, we discussed the goal for ultimate reduction in the number of domains and the importance of considering representation of healthcare providers from other specialties, caregivers, representatives of pharmaceutical industries, and regulatory authorities in the next rounds of Delphi to represent broader perspectives on IIM.Conclusion.Further prioritization and a reduction in the number of domains will be needed for the next Delphi. At the next biennial OMERACT meeting, we aim to present and seek voting on a Myositis Preliminary PRO Core Set to enable ultimate measure selection and development.
American consultants in the German consumer chemical industry : the Stanford Research Institute at Henkel in the 1960s and 1970s
Authors: Hilger Susanne 
Published: August 2017

Il semble naturel aujourd’hui aux entreprises allemandes de faire appel à des sociétés de conseil américaines. Mais lorsque McKinsey ou Arthur D. Little ont cherché à pénétrer le marché européen à la fin des années cinquante, beaucoup d’entreprises ont rechigné à faire appel à leurs services. En Allemagne Henkel fut parmi les premiers à utiliser les services d’une société de conseil durant la seconde moitié des années soixante : le Stanford Research Institute (SRI). Cet article cherche à comprendre pourquoi et le rôle qu’a joué ce cabinet dans la réorganisation et la modernisation d’Henkel. La principale raison est à chercher dans une pression accrue des concurrents, notamment américains comme Procter & Gamble. Le SRI a joué un rôle important dans la transformation de Henkel en société diversifiée et internationale. Toutes ses recommandations n’ont pourtant pas été appliquées.
Scoring Rules and Preference Restrictions: The Strong Borda Paradox Revisited
Authors: Kamwa Eric , Valognes Fabrice 
Published: August 2017

Pour une situation de vote, le paradoxe fort de Borda se produit lorsqu’il existe un perdant de Condorcet et que ce dernier est élu. Un perdant de Condorcet est un candidat battu dans chacun de ses duels majoritaires. Pour des situations de vote avec trois candidats, nous utilisons une approche analytique pour déterminer l’ensemble de toutes les règles de scores vulnérables au paradoxe fort de Borda ceci sous certaines restrictions préférences ; aussi, nous décrivons tous les scénarios concernant le rang du perdant de Condorcet dans le classement collectif. A partir de l’algorithme paramétré de Barvinok et sous l’hypothèse de culture neutre et anonyme, nous proposons pour chaque type de restriction des préférences, une représentation simplifiée des probabilités du paradoxe fort de Borda pour les règles de la Pluralité simple et de l’Antipluralité.
Un diplomate face à la guerre civile espagnole : l’ambassade d’Eirik Labonne (octobre 1937 - octobre 1938)
Authors: Rousselot Nathan 
Published: August 2017

Lorsqu’il est nommé à la tête de l’ambassade de France en Espagne le 2 octobre 1937, Eirik Labonne fait face à une situation exceptionnelle. Il doit réorganiser un poste diplomatique éclaté de part et d’autre de la ligne de front qui divise le pays et marginalisé par la gestion de son prédécesseur, Jean Herbette, qui séjournait en France, à Saint-Jean de Luz, loin du gouvernement républicain auprès duquel il était accrédité. Cet héritage est la source de nombreuses tensions franco-espagnoles que Labonne doit apaiser, avec un certain succès. Mais sa mission reste pour l’essentiel, conformément à la politique de non-intervention, la recherche d’une médiation internationale visant à mettre fin au conflit, au risque de compromettre les capacités de résistance de la République espagnole.
La « Wilton Park Connection » : un instrument de la diplomatie culturelle suisse pour l’après-guerre
Authors: Van Dongen Luc 
Published: August 2017

Après avoir servi de source d’information aux services de renseignements britanniques pendant la guerre, le camp de prisonniers allemands de Wilton Park devint dès 1946 un haut lieu de sociabilité internationale d’un genre nouveau. Sous une forme qui mettait en avant la liberté de penser et la sincérité des contacts humains, loin de toute propagande, l’institution entreprit d’abord de « rééduquer » les prisonniers de guerre allemands et de réfléchir aux relations anglo-allemandes. Puis elle accueillit des Européens à propos de la question européenne, et enfin des personnalités du monde entier pour aborder tous les sujets brûlants de l’actualité. Chacune de ces phases vit une participation considérable – voire même décisive – de Suisses, car la Confédération fit, elle aussi, de ce centre semi-officiel, financé par le Foreign Office mais relativement indépendant, un instrument de sa diplomatie culturelle naissante.
Driving Organizational Change From the Bedside: The AACN Clinical Scene Investigator Academy
Authors: Lacey Susan R. , Goodyear-Bruch Caryl , Olney Adrienne , Hanson Dave , Altman Marian S. , Varn-Davis Natasha S. , Brinker Debbie , Lavandero Ramón , Cox Karen S. 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUNDStaff nurses are pivotal in leading change related to quality improvement efforts, although many lack skills to steer change from the bedside. The American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN) staff nurse leadership program, Clinical Scene Investigator (CSI) Academy, teaches and empowers staff nurses in leadership skills and change concepts to translate evidence into practice affecting patient outcomes.OBJECTIVESTo describe the curriculum of the AACN CSI Academy that provides staff nurses with the leadership skills required to create unit-based change projects that positively impact patient/family outcomes.METHODSThe curriculum of the Academy included leadership topics, communication, change concepts, quality improvement methods, project management, and data management and analysis. Each team of participants collected project data to show improvements in patient care. The program evaluation used many data sources to assess the program effectiveness, relating to the professional growth of the participant nurses. The participants assessed project patient outcomes, sustainability, and spread.RESULTSThe first cohort of CSI participants included 164 direct care nurses from 42 hospitals in 6 cities. They rated the Academy highly in the program evaluation, and they reported that the Academy contributed to their professional development. The individual hospital quality improvement projects resulted in positive patient and estimated fiscal outcomes that were generally sustained 1 year after the program.CONCLUSIONWith the skills, tools, and support obtained from participation in the CSI Academy, staff nurses can make substantial contributions to their organizations in clinical and possibly fiscal outcomes.
Cutting Edge: NKG2D Signaling Enhances NK Cell Responses but Alone Is Insufficient To Drive Expansion during Mouse Cytomegalovirus Infection
Authors: Nabekura Tsukasa , Gotthardt Dagmar , Niizuma Kouta , Trsan Tihana , Jenus Tina , Jonjic Stipan , Lanier Lewis L. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
NK cells play a critical role in host defense against viruses. In this study, we investigated the role of NKG2D in the expansion of NK cells after mouse CMV (MCMV) infection. Wild-type and NKG2D-deficient (Klrk1−/−) Ly49H+ NK cells proliferated robustly when infected with MCMV strains engineered to allow expression of NKG2D ligands, which enhanced the response of wild-type NK cells. Naive NK cells exclusively express NKG2D-L, which pairs only with DAP10, whereas NKG2D-S expressed by activated NK cells pairs with DAP10 and DAP12, similar to Ly49H. However, NKG2D alone was unable to drive robust expansion of Ly49H− NK cells when mice were infected with these MCMV strains, likely because NKG2D-S was only transiently expressed postinfection. These findings demonstrate that NKG2D augments Ly49H-dependent proliferation of NK cells; however, NKG2D signaling alone is inadequate for expansion of NK cells, likely due to only transient expression of the NKG2D–DAP12 complex.
Effect of Microalloying with Ti or Cr on the Corrosion Behavior of Al-Ni-Y Amorphous Alloys
Authors: Zhang L.M. , Ma A.L. , Hu H.X. , Zheng Y.G. , Yang B.J. , Wang J.Q. 
Published: August 2017

The effect of microalloying with Ti or Cr on the corrosion behavior of Al-Ni-Y amorphous alloys in 0.1 M NaCl solution was studied by potentiodynamic polarization, Mott-Schottky, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. Microalloying with Ti or Cr could greatly improve the corrosion resistance of Al-Ni-Y amorphous alloys. A high surface concentration of Ti or Cr in the passive films was detected, which should be responsible for the improved corrosion resistance compared to the control sample. The possible process of Ti or Cr involved in the passive films was proposed in terms of the point defect model and the vacancy diffusion mechanism. Furthermore, the effect of Ti was stronger than Cr because of the higher film resistance as well as the higher surface concentration. The different passivation abilities and atomic radiuses between Ti and Cr were presented to explain the better microalloying effect of Ti compared to Cr.