bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Twenty‐one–gene recurrence score assay in BRCA‐associated versus sporadic breast cancers: Differences based on germline mutation status
Authors: Shah Payal D. , Patil Sujata , Dickler Maura N. , Offit Kenneth , Hudis Clifford A. , Robson Mark E. 
Published: February 2016

BACKGROUNDBiological differences between BRCA‐associated breast cancer and sporadic breast cancer may warrant different adjuvant chemotherapy (ACRx) recommendations despite similar phenotypic features. A 21‐gene expression profile (Oncotype DX) generates a prognostic recurrence score (RS) that predicts the ACRx benefit in patients with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer. No reports describe assay results for BRCA‐associated breast cancer.METHODSA review of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center databases identified 4908 patients with hormone receptor–positive, node‐negative breast cancer who underwent Oncotype DX testing between July 2006 and March 2014. BRCA1/BRCA2 carriers (cases) were identified and matched (1:2) by age at diagnosis and tumor size to noncarrier controls. Two‐sample nonparametric tests were used to compare the baseline characteristics, RSs, and risk stratification between BRCA1 and BRCA2 patients. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess these differences by mutational status.RESULTSFifty mutation‐associated cases (19 BRCA1 cases and 31 BRCA2 cases) and 100 controls who were well matched for age (P = .9) and tumor size (P = .6) were included. BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers had similar median RSs (P = .6) and risk category stratification (P = .3). The median RS was higher for cases versus controls (24 vs 16; P < .0001). Risk stratification also differed by mutational status (P = .0002). Cases had more high‐risk disease (28% vs 7%) and intermediate‐risk disease (56% vs 36%) and less low‐risk disease (16% vs 57%). Cases were more likely than controls to receive ACRx (74% vs 46%; P = .002).CONCLUSIONSGermline BRCA‐associated hormone receptor–positive breast cancer may be associated with intrinsically less favorable biology. Few affected carriers have RS indicating a clear absence of benefit from ACRx. The increased use of ACRx and benefit from ACRx in BRCA carriers may mitigate otherwise inferior outcomes. Cancer 2016;122:1178–84. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Depressive Symptom Inventory Suicidality Subscale: Optimal Cut Points for Clinical and Non‐Clinical Samples
Authors: von Glischinski M. , Teismann T. , Prinz S. , Gebauer J. E. , Hirschfeld G. 
Published: February 2016

Suicide is a major cause of death in adulthood and specifically in patients suffering from mental illnesses. The Depressive Symptom Inventory Suicidality Subscale (DSI‐SS) is widely used to detect and prevent suicidal ideation. The aim of the present study was to determine optimal cut points for the DSI‐SS in different populations.We analysed the data of one population‐based sample (n = 532), one outpatient sample (n = 180) and one inpatient sample (n = 244). Internal consistency, convergent validity and optimal cut points according to receiver operating characteristics were calculated.In all samples, we found excellent item‐total correlations and internal consistencies for the DSI‐SS. Zero‐order correlations between the DSI‐SS and theoretically related constructs showed positive correlation coefficients, ranging from 0.50 to 0.67. The DSI‐SS differentiated well between patients with and without suicide attempts in the population‐based sample, but less so in the inpatient sample and only marginally in the outpatient sample. A bootstrapping analysis showed some variability in the cut points that emerged as optimal, but there was no overlap between the different samples.The specific cut points that we identified may be used to improve the diagnostic utility of the DSI‐SS and the chance to detect suicidal ideation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

We developed cut points for the Depressive Symptom Inventory Suicidality Subscale, to improve the early and valid detection of suicidal ideation by this measure.
The cut points that were identified as optimal varied between the samples.
The cut points differentiated well in a non‐clinical sample, but less well in outpatient and inpatient samples.
Distributions of autofluorescence after compensation: Be panglossian, fret not
Authors: Roederer Mario 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIn this technical note, I describe an in silico model of multiparameter fluorescence measurements that takes into account intrinsic cellular autofluorescence and stained dye fluorescence distributions, fluorescence spectrum spillovers, and photon counting statistics. Using this model, it is easy to manipulate spectral variables as well as error terms to understand the impact of each on the distributions of estimated cell‐associated dyes (e.g., conjugated monoclonal antibodies in immunophenotyping). An application of this model was to understand the genesis of “unusual” autofluorescence distributions that occasionally happen in multi‐color immunophenotyping. These unusual distributions show striking correlated patterns (diagonals) for graphs of certain pairs of parameters. Here I show that these arise from combinations of spillover‐spreading from unviewed parameters. While disconcerting to researchers taught to look for diagonals in distributions as heralding improper compensation, these distributions are in fact appropriate. In general, one can ignore the characteristics of cell distributions within the same limits as background (e.g., as proscribed by a fluorescence‐minus‐one, or FMO, control), as there is essentially no information content in that region. Published 2016 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry. This article is a US Government work, and as such, is in the public domain in the USA.
Efficacy of alpha‐calcitonin gene‐related peptide in dilating cerebral arteries: protocol for a systematic review and meta‐analysis of in vivo animal studies
Authors: Flynn L.M.C. , Macleod M.R. , Begg C.J. , Andrews P.J. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a type of stroke causing up to 70% of patients to either die or be dependent on others at six months. Delayed cerebral ischaemia (DCI) is the most important cause of poor outcome after the initial injury. Oral nimodipine is the only pharmaceutical treatment with proven benefits and alternative therapies are needed. There are strong associations between DCI and cerebral vessel narrowing but interventions to treat DCI by improving vessel narrowing have been largely ineffective. Alpha‐calcitonin gene‐related peptide (αCGRP) is a potent microvascular vasodilator which may be effective in treating DCI by preventing cerebral vessel narrowing after SAH. This protocol outlines the methodology for a systematic review and meta‐analysis investigating the effect of αCGRP on cerebral vessel narrowing and neurological outcomes after SAH from in vivo animal studies.
Differential Neural Correlates of Set‐Shifting in the Bingeing–Purging and Restrictive Subtypes of Anorexia Nervosa: An fMRI Study
Authors: Van Autreve Sara , De. Baene Wouter , Baeken Chris , van Heeringen Kees , Vancayseele Nikita , Vervaet Myriam 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIn this study, possible differences in the neural correlates of set‐shifting abilities between the restrictive (AN‐R) and bingeing/purging (AN‐BP) subtypes of anorexia nervosa have been explored. Three groups of participants performed a set‐shifting task during functional magnetic resonance imaging: patients with AN‐R (N = 16), AN‐BP (N = 13) and healthy control participants (N = 15). As in a typical set‐shifting experiment, participants had to switch between two easy tasks (i.e. ‘Is the presented number odd/even’ or ‘Is the presented number smaller/larger than 5’). The trials in which the task was repeated (repeat trials) were compared with trials in which the task was switched (switch trials). With regards to the level of task performance, no significant group differences could be established. However, when comparing switch specific brain activity across study groups, a stronger activation was found in the insula and the precuneus in AN‐R when compared to AN‐BP and HC. These results suggest that the both subtypes of AN might have different neurobiological correlates, and thus, might benefit from different treatment approaches. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Quality of network economics optimisation using service level agreement modelling
Authors: Santos‐Boada Germán , de Almeida Amazonas José Roberto , Solé‐Pareta Josep 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis paper analyses the relationships between different service level agreement (SLA) components, that is, the different types of quality metrics employed by infrastructure and service providers. We propose that the quality of network economics (QoNE) be used to evaluate the quality of a network path for a given SLA model. Our evaluation indicates the usefulness of the QoNE metric, and it provides a new mechanism for the networking community to address network design problems when incorporating new challenges, such as the Internet of Things. We show how the proposed model can be implemented in software‐defined network architecture applicable to networking technologies that include the interconnection of autonomous systems. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A spectral boundary integral method for inviscid water waves in a finite domain
Authors: Im Jeong‐Sook , Billingham John 
Published: February 2016

SummaryIn this paper, we show how the spectral formulation of Baker, Meiron and Orszag can be used to solve for waves on water of infinite depth confined between two flat, vertical walls, and also how it can be modified to take into account water of finite depth with a spatially varying bottom. In each case, we use Chebyshev polynomials as the basis of our representation of the solution and filtering to remove spurious high‐frequency modes. We show that spectral accuracy can be achieved until wave breaking, plunging or wall impingment occurs in two model problems. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Continuous real‐time slope monitoring of the Ingelsberg in Bad Hofgastein, Austria
Authors: Kieffer D. Scott , Valentin Gerald , Unterberger Klaus 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe Ingelsberg in Bad Hofgastein, Austria, is a highly hazardous mountain slope in the State of Salzburg. The Ingelsberg exhibits periodic episodes of instability, prompting major efforts to construct rock fall retention basins and safety nets to mitigate risks associated with future slope failures. As the results of traditional slope monitoring have proved rather ambiguous, continuous real‐time monitoring of the Ingelsberg was performed from March 2013 through July 2014. The monitoring was undertaken with a Ground Based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (GB‐InSAR). The data set of approximately 130, 000 radar scans represent the first long‐term GB‐InSAR measurements made in Austria, and indicate an episodic pseudo‐sheeting failure process, somewhat analogous to the calving of a glacier front. Furthermore, reasonable time of failure predictions for rock fall events having volumes of only several tens of cubic meters could be made from the data set. The GB‐InSAR monitoring provides significant insight regarding the overall slope behavior, failure tendencies, and associated geotechnical hazards of the Ingelsberg.
3D images for digital geological mapping
Authors: Gaich Andreas , Pischinger Gerald 
Published: February 2016

Abstract3D images combine visual and geometric information making them an obvious source for capturing and characterising rock surfaces especially when there are constrained time and access conditions. By taking photographs with an off‐the‐shelf camera and using modern algorithms from photogrammetry, 3D imaging has become state of the art on many conventional tunnel construction sites. Data is acquired on a daily basis, processed, geologically assessed, and finally stored in a suitable data base. The contribution provides a brief introduction of the technology and its measurement capabilities, as well as a description of the practical application during the construction of the 8 km long Gleinalmtunnel in Austria.
Tunnel monitoring in urban environments
Authors: Rabensteiner Klaus , Chmelina Klaus 
Published: February 2016

AbstractUrban tunnel projects such as new metro lines face particular challenges. Shallow overburden, difficult (hydro)geological conditions and sensitive buildings in close proximity are risks that often cannot be avoided, demanding large and complex geotechnical monitoring programmes. This paper considers the current situation of tunnel monitoring in urban environments and describes two specific monitoring solutions, one for shafts and one for structures, and emphasises the importance of efficient data management with the assistance of a tunnel information system. Finally, the paper gives an overview of recent research activity and emerging sensing technologies.
InSAR monitoring of tunnel induced ground movements
Authors: Barla Giovanni , Tamburini Andrea , Del Conte Sara , Giannico Chiara 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis paper introduces InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) as an advanced tool for measuring and monitoring surface ground movements over time, with interest in all phases of a tunnel project, both in urban and non‐urban areas. Following a preliminary overview of the technology used to compile radar images of the earth's surface, the multi‐image techniques (Persistent Scatterers Interferometry, PSI) and the InSAR algorithm (SqueeSAR) are briefly outlined. Two examples of InSAR data applied to tunnelling projects are presented. In the first case, the integration of InSAR surface measurements into monitoring by conventional methods is discussed as a tool for providing useful information to study the relationship between tunnelling and surface settlements. In the second case, the temporal evolution of ground displacements provided by SqueeSAR is applied in order to understand the link between tunnel excavation and surface movements, along a slope under passed by two large tunnels.
Trade‐off between frequency and precision during stepping movements: Kinematic and BOLD brain activation patterns
Authors: Martínez Martin , Valencia Miguel , Vidorreta Marta , Luis Elkin O. , Castellanos Gabriel , Villagra Federico , Fernández‐Seara Maria A. , Pastor Maria A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe central nervous system has the ability to adapt our locomotor pattern to produce a wide range of gait modalities and velocities. In reacting to external pacing stimuli, deviations from an individual preferred cadence provoke a concurrent decrease in accuracy that suggests the existence of a trade‐off between frequency and precision; a compromise that could result from the specialization within the control centers of locomotion to ensure a stable transition and optimal adaptation to changing environment. Here, we explore the neural correlates of such adaptive mechanisms by visually guiding a group of healthy subjects to follow three comfortable stepping frequencies while simultaneously recording their BOLD responses and lower limb kinematics with the use of a custom‐built treadmill device. In following the visual stimuli, subjects adopt a common pattern of symmetric and anti‐phase movements across pace conditions. However, when increasing the stimulus frequency, an improvement in motor performance (precision and stability) was found, which suggests a change in the control mode from reactive to predictive schemes. Brain activity patterns showed similar BOLD responses across pace conditions though significant differences were observed in parietal and cerebellar regions. Neural correlates of stepping precision were found in the insula, cerebellum, dorsolateral pons and inferior olivary nucleus, whereas neural correlates of stepping stability were found in a distributed network, suggesting a transition in the control strategy across the stimulated range of frequencies: from unstable/reactive at lower paces (i.e., stepping stability managed by subcortical regions) to stable/predictive at higher paces (i.e., stability managed by cortical regions). Hum Brain Mapp 37:1722–1737, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Individual differences in in vitro and in vivo metabolic clearances of the antipsychotic drug olanzapine from non‐smoking and smoking Japanese subjects genotyped for cytochrome P4502D6 and flavincontaining monooxygenase 3
Authors: Okubo Maho , Narita Momoko , Murayama Norie , Akimoto Youichi , Goto Akiko , Yamazaki Hiroshi 
Published: February 2016

ObjectiveThe antipsychotic olanzapine is reportedly metabolized by inducible human cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2 and variable copy‐number CYP2D6 and polymorphic flavin‐containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) in different pathways. We investigated individual differences in the metabolite formation and clearance of olanzapine in vitro and in vivo.MethodsHuman liver microsomal olanzapine oxidation activities were evaluated, and plasma concentrations of olanzapine were determined in 21 Japanese patients (mean age: 50 years, range: 32–69 years, 14 male and 7 female, including 6 smokers) genotyped for CYP2D6 (*1, *5, and *10) and FMO3 (E158K, C197fsX, R205C, V257M, E308G, and R500X).ResultsFurafylline (a CYP1A2 inhibitor), quinidine (a CYP2D6 inhibitor), and heat treatment (inactivates FMO3) suppressed liver microsomal metabolic clearance of olanzapine by approximately 30%. Olanzapine N‐demethylation and N‐oxygenation were found to be catalyzed by CYP1A2 and CYP2D6 and by CYP2D6 and FMO3, respectively, in experiments using liver microsomes and recombinant enzymes. Plasma concentrations and clearance of olanzapine were not affected by CYP2D6 or FMO3 genotypes or smoking behavior.ConclusionsOlanzapine clearance was not affected by CYP2D6 or FMO3 genotypes or smoking behavior as a single factor under the present conditions because olanzapine clearance is mediated by multiple enzymes involved in two major and one minor pathways. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diurnal activity patterns as a sensitive behavioural outcome in fish: effect of short‐term exposure to treated sewage and a sub‐lethal PPCP mixture
Authors: Melvin Steven D. , Buck David R. , Fabbro Larelle D. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractSub‐lethal toxicological responses are common occurrences in aquatic animals exposed to sewage wastewater and organic wastewater contaminants. Behavioural alterations are particularly sensitive indicators of sub‐lethal toxicological stress in animals exposed to various pollutants, and often correlate with higher‐level outcomes. Diurnal activity patterns in many fish species are sensitive to changes in natural biotic factors, but few studies have explored how environmental pollutants influence such rhythms. We investigated diurnal activity patterns in the mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki), after exposure to UV‐treated sewage and a mixture of key contaminants identified through chemical analysis and subsequent risk‐based prioritization of the wastewater. Exposure to 50% and 100% wastewater abolished daytime activity levels in male, but not female fish. Chemical analysis identified fluoxetine, diazinon and triclosan above their reported predicted‐no‐effect‐concentrations (PNECs), and fish were thus exposed to a mixture of these compounds at 1, 10 and 100 μg l–1. Behavioural responses were highly consistent between fish exposed to wastewater and the contaminant mixture, indicating that these prioritized contaminants are indeed likely contributing to the observed effects. Effective concentrations of the mixture were considerably lower than those reported as eliciting behavioural effects in previous studies exploring each of these compounds alone. Results warn of the potential for negative higher‐level consequences associated with exposures of fish to common organic wastewater contaminants, as altered diurnal activity patterns could conceivably scale‐up to influence performance including foraging success and predator avoidance. Further research is necessary to increase our understanding of linkages between alterations to diurnal activities and effects at the population level. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prostate cancer diagnosis by optical coherence tomography: First results from a needle based optical platform for tissue sampling
Authors: Muller Berrend G. , de Bruin Daniel M. , Brandt Martin J. , van den Bos Willemien , van Huystee Suzanne , Faber D. J. , Savci Dilaria , Zondervan Patricia J. , de Reijke Theo M. , Laguna‐Pes M. Pilar , van Leeuwen Ton G. , de la Rosette Jean J. M. C. H. 
Published: February 2016

The diagnostic accuracy of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) based optical attenuation coefficient analysis is assessed for the detection of prostate cancer.Needle‐based OCT‐measurements were performed on the prostate specimens. Attenuation coefficients were determined by an earlier described in‐house developed software package.The mean attenuation coefficients (benign OCT data; malignant OCT data; p‐value Mann‐Whitney U test) were: (3.56 mm–1; 3.85 mm–1; p < 0.0001) for all patients combined. The area under the ROC curve was 0.64. In order to circumvent the effect of histopathology mismatching, we performed a sub‐analysis on only OCT data in which tumor was visible in two subsequent histopathological prostate slices. This analysis could be performed in 3 patients. The mean attenuation coefficients (benign OCT data; malignant OCT data; p‐value Mann‐Whitney U test) were: (3.23 mm–1; 4.11 mm–1; p < 0.0001) for all patients grouped together. The area under the ROC curve was 0.89.Functional OCT of the prostate has shown to differentiate between cancer and healthy prostate tissue. The optical attenuation coefficient in malignant tissue was significantly higher in malignant tissue compared to benign prostate tissue. Further studies are required to validate these initial results in a larger group of patients with a more tailored histopathology matching protocol.
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