bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kunsttherapie mit chronisch herzkranken Kindern
Authors: Kortum Ria 
Published: April 2016

Zusammenfassung. Vorgestellt wird eine mehrdimensionale Untersuchung zur Kunsttherapie mit chronisch herzerkrankten Kindern (5 – 15 Jahre) im ambulanten Setting. Diese war darauf ausgerichtet ein kunsttherapeutisches Behandlungsmodell zur Ressourcenförderung und Krankheitsbewältigung für diese Zielgruppe zu entwickeln und zu evaluieren. In der Untersuchung wurden verschiedene Methoden kombiniert: Anhand von Videoaufzeichnung und bildnerischen Gestaltungen der Kinder wurden einzelne Prozessverläufe dokumentiert, die in Interviews mit Eltern und Kindern gemeinsam reflektiert wurden. Abschließend wurden die Ergebnisse qualitativ computergestützt (atlas.ti) ausgewertet. Der Fokus lag auf der Auswertungen des Ausdrucks- und Prozessverhaltens der Kinder, um vor allem besondere Phänomene und Veränderungen hinsichtlich von Belastungsfaktoren und Ressourcen genauer erfassen zu können. Ergänzend wurden ein Fragebogen zur gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität (KINDL-R) und ein Menschzeichentest zur Analyse von Entwicklungs- und Persönlichkeitsfaktoren (ZEM) eingesetzt. Einzelne Verlaufsanalysen belegen, dass die Kunsttherapie insbesondere der Emotionsregulierung dient, Entlastung bietet, soziale Kompetenzen sowie künstlerisch-kreative Fähigkeiten fördert und gleichzeitig den Rückgang negativer Stimmungen und Selbstunsicherheiten begünstigt.
miR-3188 regulates nasopharyngeal carcinoma proliferation and chemosensitivity through a FOXO1-modulated positive feedback loop with mTOR–p-PI3K/AKT-c-JUN
Authors: Zhao Mengyang , Luo Rongcheng , Liu Yiyi , Gao Linyuan , Fu Zhaojian , Fu Qiaofen , Luo Xiaojun , Chen Yiyu , Deng Xiaojie , Liang Zixi , Li Xin , Cheng Chao , Liu Zhen , Fang Weiyi 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe biological role of miR-3188 has not yet been reported in the context of cancer. In this study, we observe that miR-3188 not only reduces cell-cycle transition and proliferation, but also significantly prolongs the survival time of tumour-bearing mice as well as sensitizes cells to 5-FU. Mechanistic analyses indicate that miR-3188 directly targets mTOR to inactivate p-PI3K/p-AKT/c-JUN and induces its own expression. This feedback loop further suppresses cell-cycle signalling through the p-PI3K/p-AKT/p-mTOR pathway. Interestingly, we also observe that miR-3188 direct targeting of mTOR is mediated by FOXO1 suppression of p-PI3K/p-AKT/c-JUN signalling. In clinical samples, reduced miR-3188 is an unfavourable factor and negatively correlates with mTOR and c-JUN levels but positively correlates with FOXO1 expression. Our studies demonstrate that as a tumour suppressor, miR-3188 directly targets mTOR to stimulate its own expression and participates in FOXO1-mediated repression of cell growth, tumorigenesis and NPC chemotherapy resistance.
Identification of pyrazolopyridazinones as PDEδ inhibitors
Authors: Papke Björn , Murarka Sandip , Vogel Holger A , Martín-Gago Pablo , Kovacevic Marija , Truxius Dina C , Fansa Eyad K , Ismail Shehab , Zimmermann Gunther , Heinelt Kaatje , Schultz-Fademrecht Carsten , Al Saabi Alaa , Baumann Matthias , Nussbaumer Peter , Wittinghofer Alfred , Waldmann Herbert , Bastiaens Philippe I.H. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe prenyl-binding protein PDEδ is crucial for the plasma membrane localization of prenylated Ras. Recently, we have reported that the small-molecule Deltarasin binds to the prenyl-binding pocket of PDEδ, and impairs Ras enrichment at the plasma membrane, thereby affecting the proliferation of KRas-dependent human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines. Here, using structure-based compound design, we have now identified pyrazolopyridazinones as a novel, unrelated chemotype that binds to the prenyl-binding pocket of PDEδ with high affinity, thereby displacing prenylated Ras proteins in cells. Our results show that the new PDEδ inhibitor, named Deltazinone 1, is highly selective, exhibits less unspecific cytotoxicity than the previously reported Deltarasin and demonstrates a high correlation with the phenotypic effect of PDEδ knockdown in a set of human pancreatic cancer cell lines.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the IQD gene family in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis)
Authors: Wu Min , Li Yuan , Chen Danmei , Liu Huanlong , Zhu Dongyue , Xiang Yan 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMembers of the plant-specific IQ67-domain (IQD) protein family are involved in various aspects of normal plant growth and developmental processes as well as basal defence response. Although hundreds of IQD proteins have been identified, only a small number of IQDs have been functionally characterized. Moreover, no systematic study has been performed on moso bamboo. In this study, we performed for the first time a genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the IQD gene family in moso bamboo. We identified 29 non-redundantPeIQDencoding genes. Analysis of the evolutionary patterns and divergence revealed that the IQD genes underwent a large-scale event around 12 million years ago and the division times of IQD family genes between moso bamboo and rice, and, between moso bamboo andBrachypodium, were found to be 20–35 MYA and 25–40 MYA, respectively. We surveyed the putative promoter regions of thePeIQDgenes, which showed that largely stress-relatedcis-elements existed in these genes. The expression profiles of the IQD genes shed light on their functional divergence. Additionally, a yeast two-hybrid assay proved thatPeIQD8can interact withPeCaM2and that IQ or I in the IQ motif is required forPeIQD8to combine with CaM2.
Are viruses important in the plankton of highly turbid glacier-fed lakes?
Authors: Drewes Fabian , Peter Hannes , Sommaruga Ruben 
Published: April 2016

AbstractViruses are ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems where they significantly contribute to microbial mortality. In glacier-fed turbid lakes, however, viruses not only encounter low host abundances, but also a high number of suspended mineral particles introduced by glacier meltwaters. We hypothesized that these particles potentially lead to unspecific adsorption and removal of free virus from the plankton, and thus significantly reduce their abundance in this type of lake. We followed the distribution of free virus-like particles (VLP) during the ice-free season across a turbidity gradient in four alpine lakes including one adjacent clear system where hydrological connectivity to the receding glacier is already lost. In the glacier-fed turbid lakes, VLP abundance increased with distance to the glacier, but the highest numbers were observed in the clear lake by the end of August, coinciding with the maximum in prokaryotic abundance. Our results suggest that viral loss by attachment to particles is less important than expected. Nevertheless, the relatively lower variability in VLP abundance and the lower virus-to-prokaryote ratio found in the turbid lakes than in the clear one point to a rather low temporal turnover and thus, to a reduced impact on microbial communities.
Testing the causality between CYP9M10 and pyrethroid resistance using the TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 technologies
Authors: Itokawa Kentaro , Komagata Osamu , Kasai Shinji , Ogawa Kohei , Tomita Takashi 
Published: April 2016

AbstractRecently-emerging genome editing technologies have enabled targeted gene knockout experiments even in non-model insect species. For studies on insecticide resistance, genome editing technologies offer some advantages over the conventional reverse genetic technique, RNA interference, for testing causal relationships between genes of detoxifying enzymes and resistance phenotypes. There were relatively abundant evidences indicating that the overexpression of a cytochrome P450 gene CYP9M10 confers strong pyrethroid resistance in larvae of the southern house mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. However, reverse genetic verification has not yet been obtained because of the technical difficulty of microinjection into larvae. Here, we tested two genome editing technologies, transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN)s and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas9), to disrupt CYP9M10 in a resistant strain of C. quinquefasciatus. Additionally, we developed a novel, effective approach to construct a TALE using the chemical cleavage of phosphorothioate inter-nucleotide linkages in the level 1 assembly. Both TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 induced frame-shifting mutations in one or all copies of CYP9M10 in a pyrethroid-resistant strain. A line fixed with a completely disrupted CYP9M10 haplotype showed more than 100-fold reduction in pyrethroid resistance in the larval stage.
Analyses of Endothelial Cells and Endothelial Progenitor Cells Released Microvesicles by Using Microbead and Q-dot Based Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
Authors: Wang Jinju , Zhong Yun , Ma Xiaotang , Xiao Xiang , Cheng Chuanfang , Chen Yusen , Iwuchukwu Ifeanyi , Gaines Kenneth J. , Bin Zhao  , Liu Shiming , Travers Jeffrey B. , Bihl Ji C. , Chen Yanfang 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAccurate analysis of specific microvesicles (MVs) from biofluids is critical and challenging. Here we described novel methods to purify and detect MVs shed from endothelial cells (ECs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) by combining microbeads with fluorescence quantum dots (Q-dots) coupled nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). In the in vitro screening systems, we demonstrated that 1) anti-CD105 (EC marker) and anti-CD34 (EPC marker) conjugated-microbeads had the highest sensitivity and specificity for isolating respective MVs, which were confirmed with negative controls, CD41 and CD235a; 2) anti-CD144 (EC marker) and anti-KDR (EPC marker) conjugated-Q-dots exhibited the best sensitivity and specificity for their respective MV NTA detection, which were confirmed with positive control, anti-Annexin V (MV universal marker). The methods were further validated by their ability to efficiently recover the known amount of EC-MVs and EPC-MVs from particle-depleted plasma and to detect the dynamical changes of plasma MVs in ischemic stroke patients, as compared with traditional flow cytometry. These novel methods provide ideal approaches for functional analysis and biomarker discovery of ECs- and EPCs- derived MVs.
Structural characterization of recombinant IAV polymerase reveals a stable complex between viral PA-PB1 heterodimer and host RanBP5
Authors: Swale Christopher , Monod Alexandre , Tengo Laura , Labaronne Alice , Garzoni Frédéric , Bourhis Jean-Marie , Cusack Stephen , Schoehn Guy , Berger Imre , Ruigrok Rob WH , Crépin Thibaut 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe genome of influenza A virus (IAV) comprises eight RNA segments (vRNA) which are transcribed and replicated by the heterotrimeric IAV RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp). RdRp consists of three subunits (PA, PB1 and PB2) and binds both the highly conserved 3′- and 5′-ends of the vRNA segment. The IAV RdRp is an important antiviral target, but its structural mechanism has remained largely elusive to date. By applying a polyprotein strategy, we produced RdRp complexes and define a minimal human IAV RdRp core complex. We show that PA-PB1 forms a stable heterodimeric submodule that can strongly interact with 5′-vRNA. In contrast, 3′-vRNA recognition critically depends on the PB2 N-terminal domain. Moreover, we demonstrate that PA-PB1 forms a stable and stoichiometric complex with host nuclear import factor RanBP5 that can be modelled using SAXS and we show that the PA-PB1-RanPB5 complex is no longer capable of 5′-vRNA binding. Our results provide further evidence for a step-wise assembly of IAV structural components, regulated by nuclear transport mechanisms and host factor binding.
Improved Anatomical Specificity of Non-invasive Neuro-stimulation by High Frequency (5 MHz) Ultrasound
Authors: Li Guo-Feng , Zhao Hui-Xia , Zhou Hui , Yan Fei , Wang Jing-Yao , Xu Chang-Xi , Wang Cong-Zhi , Niu Li-Li , Meng Long , Wu Song , Zhang Huai-Ling , Qiu Wei-Bao , Zheng Hai-Rong 
Published: April 2016

AbstractLow frequency ultrasound (<1 MHz) has been demonstrated to be a promising approach for non-invasive neuro-stimulation. However, the focal width is limited to be half centimeter scale. Minimizing the stimulation region with higher frequency ultrasound will provide a great opportunity to expand its application. This study first time examines the feasibility of using high frequency (5 MHz) ultrasound to achieve neuro-stimulation in brain and verifies the anatomical specificity of neuro-stimulation in vivo. 1 MHz and 5 MHz ultrasound stimulation were evaluated in the same group of mice. Electromyography (EMG) collected from tail muscles together with the motion response videos were analyzed for evaluating the stimulation effects. Our results indicate that 5 MHz ultrasound can successfully achieve neuro-stimulation. The equivalent diameter (ED) of the stimulation region with 5 MHz ultrasound (0.29 ± 0.08 mm) is significantly smaller than that with 1 MHz (0.83 ± 0.11 mm). The response latency of 5 MHz ultrasound (45 ± 31 ms) is also shorter than that of 1 MHz ultrasound (208 ± 111 ms). Consequently, high frequency (5 MHz) ultrasound can successfully activate the brain circuits in mice. It provides a smaller stimulation region, which offers improved anatomical specificity for neuro-stimulation in a non-invasive manner.
Neuronal basis of perceptual learning in striate cortex
Authors: Ren Zhen , Zhou Jiawei , Yao Zhimo , Wang Zhengchun , Yuan Nini , Xu Guangwei , Wang Xuan , Zhang Bing , Hess Robert F. , Zhou Yifeng 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIt is well known that, in humans, contrast sensitivity training at high spatial frequency (SF) not only leads to contrast sensitivity improvement, but also results in an improvement in visual acuity as assessed with gratings (direct effect) or letters (transfer effect). However, the underlying neural mechanisms of this high spatial frequency training improvement remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we examined four properties of neurons in primary visual cortex (area 17) of adult cats that exhibited significantly improved acuity after contrast sensitivity training with a high spatial frequency grating and those of untrained control cats. We found no difference in neuronal contrast sensitivity or tuning width (Width) between the trained and untrained cats. However, the trained cats showed a displacement of the cells’ optimal spatial frequency (OSF) to higher spatial frequencies as well as a larger neuronal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Furthermore, both the neuronal differences in OSF and SNR were significantly correlated with the improvement of acuity measured behaviorally. These results suggest that striate neurons might mediate the perceptual learning-induced improvement for high spatial frequency stimuli by an alteration in their spatial frequency representation and by an increased SNR.
The noisy voter model on complex networks
Authors: Carro Adrián , Toral Raúl , San Miguel Maxi 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe propose a new analytical method to study stochastic, binary-state models on complex networks. Moving beyond the usual mean-field theories, this alternative approach is based on the introduction of an annealed approximation for uncorrelated networks, allowing to deal with the network structure as parametric heterogeneity. As an illustration, we study the noisy voter model, a modification of the original voter model including random changes of state. The proposed method is able to unfold the dependence of the model not only on the mean degree (the mean-field prediction) but also on more complex averages over the degree distribution. In particular, we find that the degree heterogeneity—variance of the underlying degree distribution—has a strong influence on the location of the critical point of a noise-induced, finite-size transition occurring in the model, on the local ordering of the system and on the functional form of its temporal correlations. Finally, we show how this latter point opens the possibility of inferring the degree heterogeneity of the underlying network by observing only the aggregate behavior of the system as a whole, an issue of interest for systems where only macroscopic, population level variables can be measured.
Isolation and molecular characterisation of Achromobacter phage phiAxp-3, an N4-like bacteriophage
Authors: Ma Yanyan , Li Erna , Qi Zhizhen , Li Huan , Wei Xiao , Lin Weishi , Zhao Ruixiang , Jiang Aimin , Yang Huiying , Yin Zhe , Yuan Jing , Zhao Xiangna 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAchromobacter xylosoxidans, an opportunistic pathogen, is responsible for various nosocomial and community-acquired infections. We isolated phiAxp-3, an N4-like bacteriophage that infects A. xylosoxidans, from hospital waste and studied its genomic and biological properties. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that, with a 67-nm diameter icosahedral head and a 20-nm non-contractile tail, phiAxp-3 has features characteristic of Podoviridae bacteriophages (order Caudovirales). With a burst size of 9000 plaque-forming units and a latent period of 80 min, phiAxp-3 had a host range limited to only four A. xylosoxidans strains of the 35 strains that were tested. The 72,825 bp phiAxp-3 DNA genome, with 416-bp terminal redundant ends, contains 80 predicted open reading frames, none of which are related to virulence or drug resistance. Genome sequence comparisons place phiAxp-3 more closely with JWAlpha and JWDelta Achromobacter phages than with other N4 viruses. Using proteomics, we identified 25 viral proteins from purified phiAxp-3 particles. Notably, investigation of the phage phiAxp-3 receptor on the surface of the host cell revealed that lipopolysaccharide serves as the receptor for the adsorption of phage phiAxp-3. Our findings advance current knowledge about A. xylosoxidans phages in an age where alternative therapies to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria are urgently needed.
Microbial metabolite butyrate facilitates M2 macrophage polarization and function
Authors: Ji Jian , Shu Dingming , Zheng Mingzhu , Wang Jie , Luo Chenglong , Wang Yan , Guo Fuyou , Zou Xian , Lv Xiaohui , Li Ying , Liu Tianfei , Qu Hao 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMetabolites from intestinal microbes modulate the mucosal immune system by regulating the polarization and expansion of T cells. Whether the microbial metabolites influence macrophage polarization, however, is poorly understood. Here, we show that the large bowel microbial fermentation product, butyrate, facilitates M2 macrophage polarization, in vitro and in vivo. The supernatant from butyrate-treated M2 macrophage increased the migration and enhanced the wound closure rate of MLE-12 cells. Butyrate attenuated intestinal inflammation in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, with a significant increase in colonic expression of the M2 macrophage-associated protein, Arg1. M2 macrophage treated with butyrate, had increased activation of the H3K9/STAT6 signaling pathway, suggesting a mechanism for butyrate facilitated M2 macrophage polarization. Collectively, our study indicated that commensal microbe-derived butyrate is a novel activator of STAT6-mediated transcription through H3K9 acetylation driving M2 macrophage polarization and delineated new insights into the immune interplay underlying inflammatory bowel disease.
Secretagogin affects insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells by regulating actin dynamics and focal adhesion
Authors: Yang Seo-Yun , Lee Jae-Jin , Lee Jin-Hee , Lee Kyungeun , Oh Seung Hoon , Lim Yu-Mi , Lee Myung-Shik , Lee Kong-Joo 
Published: April 2016

Secretagogin (SCGN), a Ca2+-binding protein having six EF-hands, is selectively expressed in pancreatic β-cells and neuroendocrine cells. Previous studies suggested that SCGN enhances insulin secretion by functioning as a Ca2+-sensor protein, but the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. The present study explored the mechanism by which SCGN enhances glucose-induced insulin secretion in NIT-1 insulinoma cells. To determine whether SCGN influences the first or second phase of insulin secretion, we examined how SCGN affects the kinetics of insulin secretion in NIT-1 cells. We found that silencing SCGN suppressed the second phase of insulin secretion induced by glucose and H2O2, but not the first phase induced by KCl stimulation. Recruitment of insulin granules in the second phase of insulin secretion was significantly impaired by knocking down SCGN in NIT-1 cells. In addition, we found that SCGN interacts with the actin cytoskeleton in the plasma membrane and regulates actin remodelling in a glucose-dependent manner. Since actin dynamics are known to regulate focal adhesion, a critical step in the second phase of insulin secretion, we examined the effect of silencing SCGN on focal adhesion molecules, including FAK (focal adhesion kinase) and paxillin, and the cell survival molecules ERK1/2 (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2) and Akt. We found that glucose- and H2O2-induced activation of FAK, paxillin, ERK1/2 and Akt was significantly blocked by silencing SCGN. We conclude that SCGN controls glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and thus may be useful in the therapy of Type 2 diabetes.
Blood pressure-independent renoprotection in diabetic rats treated with AT1 receptor–neprilysin inhibition compared with AT1 receptor blockade alone
Authors: Roksnoer Lodi C.W. , van Veghel Richard , van Groningen Marian C. Clahsen- , de Vries René , Garrelds Ingrid M. , Bhaggoe Usha M. , van Gool Jeanette M.G. , Friesema Edith C.H. , Leijten Frank P.J. , Hoorn Ewout J. , Danser A.H. Jan , Batenburg Wendy W. 
Published: April 2016

ARNI [dual AT1 (angiotensin II type 1) receptor–neprilysin inhibition] exerts beneficial effects on blood pressure and kidney function in heart failure, compared with ARB (AT1 receptor blockade) alone. We hypothesized that ARNI improves cardiac and kidney parameters in diabetic TGR(mREN2)27 rats, an angiotensin II-dependent hypertension model. Rats were made diabetic with streptozotocin for 5 or 12 weeks. In the final 3 weeks, rats were treated with vehicle, irbesartan (ARB) or irbesartan+thiorphan (ARNI). Blood pressure, measured by telemetry in the 5-week group, was lowered identically by ARB and ARNI. The heart weight/tibia length ratio in 12-week diabetic animals was lower after ARNI compared with after ARB. Proteinuria and albuminuria were observed from 8 weeks of diabetes onwards. ARNI reduced proteinuria more strongly than ARB, and a similar trend was seen for albuminuria. Kidneys of ARNI-treated animals showed less severe segmental glomerulosclerosis than those of ARB-treated animals. After 12 weeks, no differences between ARNI- and ARB-treated animals were found regarding diuresis, natriuresis, plasma endothelin-1, vascular reactivity (acetylcholine response) or kidney sodium transporters. Only ARNI-treated rats displayed endothelin type B receptor-mediated vasodilation. In conclusion, ARNI reduces proteinuria, glomerulosclerosis and heart weight in diabetic TGR(mREN2)27 rats more strongly than does ARB, and this occurs independently of blood pressure.
Burst‐mode analysis of XGPON Raman reach extender employing quantum‐dot lasers
Authors: Dalla Santa M. , Antony C. , Talli G. , Krestnikov I. , Townsend P.D. 
Published: April 2016

Burst‐mode operation of a Raman‐based reach extender for the 10 Gbit passive optical networks upstream window is demonstrated using high‐power semiconductor quantum‐dot lasers as Raman pumps. Transmission over a 50 km optical trunk line is performed both in continuous and in burst‐mode for a dynamic range up to 14 dB with a power budget capable of supporting a 64 split for the optical network units. The error distribution in packets reveals no position dependence within the bursts, thus excluding the presence of gain transients. This suggests that the amplifier is particularly suitable for application in burst‐mode networks thanks to its fast dynamics, being a less complex alternative to concurrent technologies that require fast automatic power control schemes.