bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A mixed hybrid algorithm for integral wind farm optimum design
Authors: J. Castro Mora  , Á.G. González Rodríguez  , J.M. Riquelme Santos  , M. Burgos Payán  
Published: July 2017

Nowadays, the weight of the generation of renewable energies has grown spectacularly with regard to other conventional energies. This is due to diverse factors: a bigger environmental concern (Kyoto protocol, white-book in EU, etc.), the raising prices of the traditional fuels, etc. On the other hand, wind power has experienced a bigger grown, among the renewable energies. That is why the development of an effective tool for the design and lay-out of wind farms has a special relevance.
This paper present a mix of evolutionary algorithms to look for the optimum integral design of the wind park taking into account all the part involved: number of wind generators, the type and the height of the wind generators, its location, the number and location of substations, the best layout of low-voltage and high-voltage lines among wind generators, substations and the existing transmission lines, etc.
Due to problem complexity, and as a first approach, the global optimization problem has been splitted in two main (uncoupled) parts, first the wind generators lay out and then the network configuration.
Mainstreaming climate change issues: Challenges for journalism education in Indonesia
Authors: Wahyuni Hermin Indah 
Published: July 2017

This article aims to explain the challenges of journalism education in Indonesia on the issue of mainstreaming climate change. As the world’s largest archipelago, Indonesia has to deal with some climate change impacts such as rising sea levels, extreme weather, floods, drought, and forest fires. Climate change is a real serious threat, but public awareness of this issue is low in Indonesia. Mass media have a capacity to mainstream climate change and increase public awareness. The data for this article has been collected through qualitative content analysis of newspaper articles, interviews with communication lecturers and scholars, and document reviews. Some of the important findings are: 1) The climate change issue in the Indonesian mass media is less popular than other issues such as corruption, elections, terrorism and refugees; 2) Journalism education in Indonesia does not contribute enough to mainstreaming climate change on mass media; 3) There are three levels of problem in macro, messo, and micro level of journalism education in Indonesia to mainstreaming climate change issue. At a micro level, the problem is related to the lack of lecturers with competence in climate change. On a messo level, journalism education has failed to connect with the problem of climate change through curricula. At a macro level, the problem is related to the popularity of journalism than other subjects in general socio-political environment. Systemic theory by Niklas Luhmann was used as tool to analyse these problems. From this perspective, Indonesian journalism education as a system faces plenty of challenges to reduce the complexity of problems to optimise its role in mainstreaming climate change.
MODEL PERHITUNGAN UNIT COST LAYANAN KESEHATAN DENGAN METODE BIAYA KONVENSIONAL DAN ABC (STUDI KASUS DI PUSKESMAS “X” KABUPATEN LUMAJANG)
Authors: Mulyono Imam 
Published: July 2017

@font-face { font-family: "Times New Roman"; }@font-face { font-family: "宋体"; }@font-face { font-family: "SimSun"; }p.MsoNormal { margin: 0pt 0pt 0.0001pt; text-align: center; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoFooter { margin: 0pt 0pt 0.0001pt; text-align: center; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }span.msoIns { text-decoration: underline; color: blue; }span.msoDel { text-decoration: line-through; color: red; }div.Section0 { }Public Health Center (PHC) is one organization that is very strategic and have special authority in the health services so that they are entitled to innovate in the health service. Unit cost calculation purposes of research compiled by the PHC Unit Cost Konvensional Method and Activity Based Costing (ABC) Approach. The study was conducted at PHC "X" Lumajang City. The Research Methods used a case study with the source data from interviews and documentation. Results of this study include the calculation model of unit cost with konvensional methods, the classification of the direct costs and indirect costs, acquired unit cost by considering all PHC staff salaries amounted Rp.124.987,00, while if the total salaries of employees of PHC "X" that civil servants are not included in the total cost of the component units of the average unit cost of each service is Rp. 36.087,00. Analysis of calculation models of unit cost of service with the ABC method, classified in activities, among other things -Producting Activities Result, Result-Contribution Activities, Support Activities, and Hygiene & Houskeeping Activities, acquired PHC unit cost with consideration of all PHC staff salaries amounting to Rp. 124,876.00, whereas if the total salaries of employees of PHC "X" that civil servants are not included in the total cost of the components, the unit cost of the service on average for each service, patients bear only Rp. 44.103,00.
Claim Settlement of Life Insures in Nepal
Authors: Basaula Damodar 
Published: July 2017

Claim management has been vital area of the life insurance business. Life insurance of Nepal seems still in infant stage; however the success of life insurance companies may largely depend upon the claim management. This paper has attempted to state and analyze five years’ status of the performance of claim settlement made by life insurers especially on the basis of total claim received; claim paid and claim outstanding aspects. This paper describes the status of current situation of claim settlement in life insurance market. The literature review indentified the lapses and gaps of the claim settlement in Nepalese Life Insurance Companies. The study concludes that present claim settlement status of Nepal has been seen in growing stage of development in terms of total claim. Some of the life insurers have made tremendous improvement in paying claim in the range of 90.96% to 98.49%. Some life insurers established earlier have not demonstrated well performance in settling claim and some newly set companies have made satisfactory growth. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. 5 (December 2016), page: 27-43
Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia: Hospital Based Study in Western Region, Nepal
Authors: Sharma Sharada 
Published: July 2017

Hyperbilirubinemia is the common cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to identify neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and its early outcome. Retrospective data review was carried out in the Neonatal Care Unit and medical record section of Western Regional Hospital (WRH) for the year 2013. The data were analyzed and interpreted by using descriptive and inferential statistics through the computer program SPSS 20 version and presented in tables. Findings revealed that out of 815, 17.8 percent were the hyperbilirubinemia, 60 percent were male, mean age = 6.61(SD=4.55), 47.6 percent were Brahmin/ Chhetry ethnicity, 55.2 percent were from rural residence and 69.6 percent were admitted from emergency/OPD of WRH. Regarding the duration of stay mean = 3.75(SD=2.02), 86.2 percent neonates were improved at discharge and 0.7 percent expired. There is statistically significant relationship between residence, and source of admission with early outcome of neonates at discharge (p<0.05). The majority of the neonates admitted in the hospital were improved at discharge. Therefore early recognition of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is an important public health concern. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. 5 (December 2016), page: 75-82
Contralateral posterior interhemispheric approach to deep medial parietooccipital vascular malformations: surgical technique and results
Authors: Burkhardt Jan-Karl , Winkler Ethan A. , Lawton Michael T. 
Published: July 2017

OBJECTIVEDeep medial parietooccipital arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) and cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are traditionally resected through an ipsilateral posterior interhemispheric approach (IPIA), which creates a deep, perpendicular perspective with limited access to the lateral margins of the lesion. The contralateral posterior interhemispheric approach (CPIA) flips the positioning, with the midline positioned horizontally for retraction due to gravity, but with the AVM on the upper side and the approach from the contralateral, lower side. The aim of this paper was to analyze whether the perpendicular angle of attack that is used in IPIA would convert to a parallel angle of attack with the CPIA, with less retraction, improved working angles, and no significant increase in risk.METHODSA retrospective review of pre- and postoperative clinical and radiographic data was performed in 8 patients who underwent a CPIA.RESULTSThree AVMs and 5 CCMs were resected using the CPIA, with an average nidus size of 2.3 cm and CCM diameter of 1.7 cm. All lesions were resected completely, as confirmed on postoperative catheter angiography or MRI. All patients had good neurological outcomes, with either stable or improved modified Rankin Scale scores at last follow-up.CONCLUSIONSThe CPIA is a safe alternative approach to the IPIA for deep medial parietooccipital vascular malformations that extend 2 cm or more off the midline. Contralaterality and retraction due to gravity optimize the interhemispheric corridor, the surgical trajectory to the lesion, and the visualization of the lateral margin, without resection or retraction of adjacent normal cortex. Although the falx is a physical barrier to accessing the lesion, it stabilizes the ipsilateral hemisphere while gravity delivers the dissected lesion through the transfalcine window. Patient positioning, CSF drainage, venous preservation, and meticulous dissection of the deep margins are critical to the safety of this approach.
Safe and sustainable: the extracranial approach toward frontoethmoidal meningoencephalocele repair
Authors: Heidekrueger Paul I. , Thu Myat , Mühlbauer Wolfgang , Holm-Mühlbauer Charlotte , Schucht Philippe , Anderl Hans , Schoeneich Heinrich , Aung Kyawzwa , Mg Ag Mg , Thu Soe Myint Ag , Juran Sabrina , Aung Thiha , Ehrl Denis , Ninkovic Milomir , Broer P. Niclas 
Published: July 2017

OBJECTIVEAlthough rare, frontoethmoidal meningoencephaloceles continue to pose a challenge to neurosurgeons and plastic reconstructive surgeons. Especially when faced with limited infrastructure and resources, establishing reliable and safe surgical techniques is of paramount importance. The authors present a case series in order to evaluate a previously proposed concise approach for meningoencephalocele repair, with a focus on sustainability of internationally driven surgical efforts.METHODSBetween 2001 and 2016, a total of 246 patients with frontoethmoidal meningoencephaloceles were treated using a 1-stage extracranial approach by a single surgeon in the Department of Neurosurgery of the Yangon General Hospital in Yangon, Myanmar, initially assisted by European surgeons. Outcomes and complications were evaluated.RESULTSA total of 246 patients (138 male and 108 female) were treated. Their ages ranged from 75 days to 32 years (median 8 years). The duration of follow-up ranged between 4 weeks and 16 years (median 4 months). Eighteen patients (7.3%) showed signs of increased intracranial pressure postoperatively, and early CSF rhinorrhea was observed in 27 patients (11%), with 5 (2%) of them requiring operative dural repair. In 8 patients, a decompressive lumbar puncture was performed. There were 8 postoperative deaths (3.3%) due to meningitis. In 15 patients (6.1%), recurrent herniation of brain tissue was observed; this herniation led to blindness in 1 case. The remaining patients all showed good to very good aesthetic and functional results.CONCLUSIONSA minimally invasive, purely extracranial approach to frontoethmoidal meningoencephalocele repair may serve well, especially in middle- and low-income countries. This case series points out how the frequently critiqued lack of sustainability in the field of humanitarian surgical missions, as well as the often-cited missing aftercare and dependence on foreign supporters, can be circumvented by meticulous training of local surgeons.
Semantic clause types and modality as features for argument analysis
Authors: Becker Maria , Palmer Alexis , Frank Anette 
Published: July 2017

This work investigates the role of semantic clause types and modality in argumentative texts. We annotate argumentative microtexts with situation entity (SE) classes and additionally label the segments that contain modal verbs with their modal senses. We analyse the correlation both of SE classes and of modal verbs and senses with components of argument structures (such as premises and conclusions) and their functions (such as support and rebuttal). We find interesting tendencies in the correlations between both argument components and argumentative functions with SE types. We also see interesting differences in the distributions of modal verbs and senses within different argumentative components and functions, as well as evidence that modal senses can be helpful to distinguish conclusions and premises. We conclude that both semantic clause types and modal senses can be deployed for automatic recognition and fine-grained classification of argumentative text passages.
Evidently epistential adverbs are argumentative indicators: A corpus-based study
Authors: Musi Elena , Rocci Andrea 
Published: July 2017

Argumentative indicators of discourse relations constitute crucial cues for the mining of arguments. However, a comprehensive lexicon of these linguistic devices is so far lacking due to the scarcity of corpora argumentatively annotated and the absence of an empirically validated analytic methodology. Recent studies have shown that modals, that express that things might be otherwise, and evidentials, that point to the presence of information sources, are good candidates to work as argumentative indicators. On these grounds, we propose a systematic, non-language specific corpus-based procedure to identify indicators of argumentative discourse relations. We test the design of a multi-level annotation through the analysis of the English and Italian epistential adverbs evidently and evidentemente in comparable corpora of newspaper articles. We show that the annotation guidelines achieve consistent analytical results with expert annotators. Data analysis reveals that the two adverbs work as argumentative indicator both at the structural and at the inferential level: besides pointing to the presence of premises-conclusion relations, they recurrently pattern with causal argument schemes from the effect to the cause. The Italian adverb evidentemente is less polysemous and more frequent, thus working as a more reliable indicator.
Frailty and cancer: Implications for oncology surgery, medical oncology, and radiation oncology
Authors: Ethun Cecilia G. , Bilen Mehmet A. , Jani Ashesh B. , Maithel Shishir K. , Ogan Kenneth , Master Viraj A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAnswer questions and earn CME/CNEThe concept of frailty has become increasingly recognized as one of the most important issues in health care and health outcomes and is of particular importance in patients with cancer who are receiving treatment with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Because both cancer itself, as well as the therapies offered, can be significant additional stressors that challenge a patient's physiologic reserve, the incidence of frailty in older patients with cancer is especially high—it is estimated that over one‐half of older patients with cancer have frailty or prefrailty. Defining frailty can be challenging, however. Put simply, frailty is a state of extreme vulnerability to stressors that leads to adverse health outcomes. In reality, frailty is a complex, multidimensional, and cyclical state of diminished physiologic reserve that results in decreased resiliency and adaptive capacity and increased vulnerability to stressors. In addition, over 70 different measures of frailty have been proposed. Still, it has been demonstrated that frail patients are at increased risk of postoperative complications, chemotherapy intolerance, disease progression, and death. Although international standardization of frailty cutoff points are needed, continued efforts by oncology physicians and surgeons to identify frailty and promote multidisciplinary decision making will help to develop more individualized management strategies and optimize care for patients with cancer. CA Cancer J Clin 2017;67:362–377. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Observational Bias and the Clustering of Distant Eccentric Kuiper Belt Objects
Authors: Brown Michael E. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The hypothesis that a massive Planet Nine exists in the outer solar system on a distant eccentric orbit was inspired by observations showing that the objects with the most distant eccentric orbits in the Kuiper Belt have orbits that are physically aligned, that is, they are clustered in longitude of perihelion and have similar orbital planes. Questions have remained, however, about the effects of observational bias on these observations, particularly on the longitudes of perihelion. Specifically, distant eccentric Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs) tend to be faint and only observable near their perihelia, suggesting that the longitudes of perihelion of the known distant objects could be strongly biased by the limited number of locations in the sky where deep surveys have been carried out. We have developed a method to rigorously estimate the bias in longitude of perihelion for Kuiper Belt observations. We find that the probability that the 10 known KBOs with semimajor axis beyond 230 au are drawn from a population with uniform longitude of perihelion is 1.2%. Combined with the observation that the orbital poles of these objects are also clustered, the overall probability of detecting these two independent clusterings in a randomly distributed sample is 0.025%. While observational bias is clearly present in these observations, it is unlikely to explain the observed alignment of the distant eccentric KBOs.
Eccentric Companions to Kepler-448b and Kepler-693b: Clues to the Formation of Warm Jupiters
Authors: Masuda Kento 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
I report the discovery of non-transiting close companions to two transiting warm Jupiters (WJs), Kepler-448/KOI-12b (orbital period

, radius

) and Kepler-693/KOI-824b (

,

), via dynamical modeling of their transit timing and duration variations (TTVs and TDVs). The companions have masses of

(Kepler-448c) and

(Kepler-693c), and both are on eccentric orbits (

for Kepler-448c and

for Kepler-693c) with periastron distances of

. Moderate eccentricities are detected for the inner orbits as well (

for Kepler-448b and

for Kepler-693b). In the Kepler-693 system, a large mutual inclination between the inner and outer orbits (

or

) is also revealed by the TDVs. This is likely to induce a secular oscillation in the eccentricity of the inner WJ that brings its periastron close enough to the host star for tidal star–planet interactions to be significant. In the Kepler-448 system, the mutual inclination is weakly constrained, and such an eccentricity oscillation is possible for a fraction of the solutions. Thus these WJs may be undergoing tidal migration to become hot Jupiters (HJs), although the migration via this process from beyond the snow line is disfavored by the close-in and massive nature of the companions. This may indicate that WJs can be formed in situ and could even evolve into HJs via high-eccentricity migration inside the snow line.
The Densities of Planets in Multiple Stellar Systems
Authors: Furlan E. , Howell S. B. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We analyze the effect of companion stars on the bulk density of 29 planets orbiting 15 stars in the Kepler field. These stars have at least one stellar companion within 2″, and the planets have measured masses and radii, allowing an estimate of their bulk density. The transit dilution by the companion star requires the planet radii to be revised upward, even if the planet orbits the primary star; as a consequence, the planetary bulk density decreases. We find that if planets orbited a faint companion star, they would be more volatile-rich, and in several cases their densities would become unrealistically low, requiring large, inflated atmospheres or unusually large mass fractions in an H/He envelope. In addition, for planets detected in radial velocity data, the primary star has to be the host. We can exclude 14 planets from orbiting the companion star; the remaining 15 planets in seven planetary systems could orbit either the primary or the secondary star, and for five of these planets the decrease in density would be substantial even if they orbited the primary, since the companion is of almost equal brightness as the primary. Substantial follow-up work is required in order to accurately determine the radii of transiting planets. Of particular interest are small, rocky planets that may be habitable; a lower mean density might imply a more volatile-rich composition. Reliable radii, masses, and thus bulk densities will allow us to identify which small planets are truly Earth-like.
Improvement in the Accuracy of Flux Measurement of Radio Sources by Exploiting an Arithmetic Pattern in Photon Bunching Noise
Authors: Lieu Richard 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
A hierarchy of statistics of increasing sophistication and accuracy is proposed to exploit an interesting and fundamental arithmetic structure in the photon bunching noise of incoherent light of large photon occupation number, with the purpose of suppressing the noise and rendering a more reliable and unbiased measurement of the light intensity. The method does not require any new hardware, rather it operates at the software level with the help of high-precision computers to reprocess the intensity time series of the incident light to create a new series with smaller bunching noise coherence length. The ultimate accuracy improvement of this method of flux measurement is limited by the timing resolution of the detector and the photon occupation number of the beam (the higher the photon number the better the performance). The principal application is accuracy improvement in the signal-limited bolometric flux measurement of a radio source.
Long-term Study of the Light Curve of PKS 1510-089 in GeV Energies
Authors: Prince Raj , Majumdar Pratik , Gupta Nayantara 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We have analyzed data from the flat-spectrum radio quasar PKS 1510-089 collected over a period of eight years from 2008 August to 2016 December with the Fermi-LAT. We have identified several flares of this highly variable source, studied their temporal and spectral properties in detail, and compared with previous works on flares of PKS 1510-089. Five major flares and a few subflares or substructures have been identified in our study. The fastest variability time is found to be 1.30 ± 0.18 hr between MJD 55852.063 and 55852.188, where we estimate the minimum size of the emission region to be 4.85 × 1015 cm. In most of the flares, the spectral energy distributions are better fitted with a log-parabolic distribution compared to a simple power law or a power law with exponential cutoffs. This has strong physics implications regarding the nature of the high-energy gamma-ray emission region.