bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization Of Expression Conditions Of The Acetylesterase CE16 From Hypocrea Jecorina Encoded By A Synthetic Gene And Expressed In Escherichia coli Cells
Authors: Jamrichová Daniela , Godány Andrej , Urbániková Ľubica 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Acetylesterase CE16 was identified as a part of the enzymatic cocktail secreted by fungus Hypocrea jecorina (anamorph: Trichoderma reesei) during its growth on cellulose. Later it was classified as the first member of a newly organized carbohydrate esterase family CE16. Further studies showed that acetylesterase is crucial for complete deacetylation of naturally acetylated xylans enabling their saccharification by xylanases. To study the relationship between structure and function of acetylesterase, highly purified recombinant enzyme produced by Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30 was prepared. The enzyme was composed of 348 amino acid residues from which the 1 - 19 formed a secretion signal peptide. Determined molecular mass of purified recombinant acetylesterase (Aes1) was 45 kDa which was more than molecular mass calculated from amino acid sequence. As it has been proved later, the difference was caused by the enzyme glycosylation. Glycosylation of proteins increases their stability, but it can also be a source of heterogeneity, which might be a problem during crystallization. To make the future X-ray study of the enzyme easier, recombinant non-glycosylated enzyme needed to be prepared. For these purposes, a synthetic gene optimized for protein expression in Escherichia coli was designed and synthetized. The first nonglycosylated acetylesterase obtained by the expression of its synthetic gene in E. coli cells was mostly insoluble or aggregated. Conditions of cell cultivation, induction of gene expression and cells disruption were necessary to optimize. Presently, after optimization of all mentioned steps, the non-glycosylated recombinant CE16 acetylesterase was prepared in the soluble and active form, ready for further downstream procedures, involving protein purification and crystallization.
The Mediatized Zlatan, Made by Sweden
Authors: Sarrimo Cristine 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The present article analyses the mediatization of the brand and celebrity Zlatan Ibrahimović using the reception and marketing of the footballer’s life story and autobiography as its main case. It is shown that the construction of a myth such as Ibrahimović transcends the materiality of the book as well as geographical, vernacular and media boundaries, as it is constituted as content in a digital network that produces signification. This ‘Zlatan content’ is framed by national Swedish values and a traditional Western myth of individual masculine excellence. It is also marked by emotions, class and race, telling a tale about the marginalized emotive immigrant becoming both a national icon and part of an imaginary Western ghetto experience and global literary canon formation. It is argued that the performance of excitable speech acts is crucial in the mediatization and branding of mass market literature and celebrities such as Ibrahimović.
Polymedia Distinctions
Authors: Jansson André 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
“Polymedia”, a concept introduced by Madianou and Miller (2012), refers to the everyday conditions of abundant media resources. Whereas such conditions imply that the classificatory processes concerning media as cultural properties become increasingly complex, few studies have tried to produce a general picture of how interpersonal media practices are part of sociocultural reproduction. This study is based on a nationwide survey conducted in Sweden in 2012 and focuses on mediated communication among “polymedia couples” (39 percent of all Swedish couples). The article demonstrates that sociocultural factors are important for explaining media uses, also when media accessibility is more or less unlimited, and pinpoints how preferences for certain modalities of communication are linked to other lifestyle practices as markers of taste. Most notably, email communication attains a higher sociocultural status than online chat functions and social media, testifying to the enduring significance of asynchronous, text-based communication in a longer format as a culturally distinctive mode of intimate communication.
Nordic Openness in Practice
Authors: Vesa Juho 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Due to the tradition of ‘Nordic openness’, and intensified by international trends, the norm of policy-making transparency is strong in Finland. Inspired by organizational institutionalism, the present article studies what this notion of transparency means in practice. A case study of a social security reform committee is presented. The consensus-building practices typical of Finnish corporatist policy-making significantly constrained the transparency of government communication during the lifetime of the committee. The government communicated actively in public to meet the demand for transparency; but in order to secure effective bargaining, the government communicated issues concerning the committee so vaguely that it did not inspire wide public discussion. Public discussion was instead mainly fuelled by leaks. These findings suggest that a strong norm of transparency can lead to ceremonial transparency, where government public communication is loosely coupled with policy-making practices. These ceremonies might strengthen the notion of Nordic openness.
Popularizing the Internet
Authors: Hetland Per 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In popular science and technology writing, “boosterism” is prominent. Writers overwhelmingly describe science and technology in enthusiastic terms, thereby promoting the deficit or Public Appreciation of Science and Technology model (PAST). A crucial aspect of the PAST model is its pro-innovation bias: writers enroll chaperones in the texts, such as spokespersons, users, celebrities, witnesses, experts, and authorities, to support their claims. Both “boosterism” and pro-innovation bias constrain the public’s critical understanding of science and technology. This study includes a detailed exploration of pro-innovation bias in the popularization of the Internet in the Norwegian press and how journalists use chaperones to support their claims. The author demonstrates that, in popularizing the Internet, pro-innovation bias manifests several other biases, such as individual-praise, pro-technology, individual-blame, technology-blame, and source biases.
Zipf’s Law and World Military Expenditures
Authors: Arvanitidis Paschalis , Kollias Christos 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe paper employs Zipf’s law to examine the distribution of military spending across countries in the world over the period 1988–2012. Military spending can cautiously be treated as a crude and distant proxy for military capacity and strength, and hence states’ hard power. The paper finds that the first-in-rank country (the USA) consistently spends more on the production of military capabilities than what is projected by Zipf’s law to correspond to a balanced international structure. This, tentatively interpreted, implies the use of military strength (and the concomitant costs for acquiring it) as a tool of hegemonic status consolidation, perhaps vis-à-vis other rising global players. In turn, the countries at the lower end of the rank, although they have overall increased their military outlays, seem to spend less on defence than this is anticipated by the law. This finding may be pointing to free-riding on the military strength of allies and other major powers.
Numerical solutions of the reaction diffusion system by using
exponential cubic B-spline collocation algorithms
Authors: Ersoy Ozlem , Dag Idris 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The solutions of the reaction-diffusion system
are given by method of collocation based on the exponential
B-splines. Thus the reaction-diffusion systemturns
into an iterative banded algebraic matrix equation. Solution
of the matrix equation is carried out byway of Thomas
algorithm. The present methods test on both linear and
nonlinear problems. The results are documented to compare
with some earlier studies by use of L∞ and relative
error norm for problems respectively.
Diversity and abundance of isopod fauna associated with holdfasts of the brown alga Himantothallus grandifolius in Admiralty Bay, Antarctic
Authors: Zemko Karol , Pabis Krzysztof , Siciński Jacek , Błażewicz-Paszkowycz Magdalena 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Fifteen species of isopods, representing 10 families, were recorded on holdfasts of the brown alga Himantothallus grandifolius. Material was collected in the 15–75 m depth range during the austral summer of 1979/80. The isopod community was dominated by Caecognathia antarctica (mean density 12.4 ± 13.1 ind./100 ml) followed by Cymodocella tubicauda (mean density 0.7 ± 2.1 ind./100 ml). Mean total density of isopods reached the value of 16.1 ± 14.0 ind./100 ml. The comparison with the other studies showed that holdfasts are inhabited by a distinctive isopod community that differs from the isopod fauna associated with soft bottom of Admiralty Bay.
A discursive approach to the analysis of politeness data
Authors: van der Bom Isabelle , Mills Sara 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis paper aims to provide an exemplification of the way that the discursive approach can work in relation to the analysis of data. As such, it argues for the validity of the discursive approach to politeness. Because the discursive approach has been seen as difficult to employ in the analysis of data, in recent years, there has been a proliferation of research returning to Brown and Levinson’s approach. Although discursive approaches to politeness have functioned successfully as a critique of Brown and Levinson’s work, they are not seen as a means of analyzing politeness and impoliteness in their own right. By tracing the development of the discursive approach to politeness, and by addressing the critiques that there have been, we argue that although the critical role of the discursive approach is paramount to the development of the field, discursive approaches are more than just a critique, and should be seen as constituting an approach to the
In search of another understanding of politeness: From the perspective of attentiveness
Authors: Fukushima Saeko 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWhile politeness has been researched mainly from the perspectives of face and identity, this conceptual paper explores another understanding of politeness through the consideration of attentiveness, namely, a demonstrator’s pre-emptive responses to a recipient’s verbal or non-verbal cues or situations surrounding a recipient and a demonstrator, which takes the form of offering. In this paper, it is suggested that politeness can be construed in relation to the heart; and that behavioral (non-linguistic) politeness, an understudied area in the field, should be taken into account in politeness research. With the development of interpersonal pragmatics, there has been a growing need to investigate interpersonal relationships, and great importance is placed on evaluation in the discursive approach. As attentiveness is an interpersonal notion, which involves evaluation, the consideration of attentiveness meets these demands. In the present paper, the concept of attentiveness is clarified and it is shown how attentiveness works by presenting the process of demonstration and evaluation of attentiveness.
Jocular mockery in computer-mediated communication: A contrastive study of a Spanish and English Facebook community
Authors: Maíz-Arévalo Carmen 
Published: January 2016

AbstractUnderstood as an umbrella term covering different phenomena (e.g., banter, teasing, jocular insults, etc.), mock impoliteness has long attracted the attention of scholars. However, most of this research has concentrated on English while other languages have been neglected. In addition, previous research has mostly analyzed face-to-face interaction, generally ignoring computer-mediated communication. This paper aims to redress this imbalance by analyzing a particular case of mock impoliteness – i.e., jocular mockery – in two Facebook communities (Spanish and English). More specifically, and following Haugh’s (2010) and Haugh and Bousfield’s (2012) three inter-related dimensions, this paper intends to answer three questions: (i) what triggers jocular mockery in each corpus? (ii) How is it “framed”? And (iii) how do interlocutors respond to it? To this end, two balanced datasets were gathered: one in (British) English and one in (Peninsular) Spanish, consisting of 6,215 and 6,193 words respectively. Results show that jocular mockery is pervasive in both datasets and both British and Spanish users resort to it when confronted with bragging. Likewise, both groups borrow framing strategies from face-to-face communication but also employ other means afforded by Facebook itself. They also opt for accepting it good- naturedly as a way to boost group rapport.
Simulation: A Powerful Tool for Training Professional Skills in Cleanrooms
Authors: Denami Maria 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis study presents the conception of a simulator for training and evaluating workers that are going to enter and operate in a cleanroom. First, this article explains the pedagogical engineering process developed in order to conceive this pedagogical tool. Second, it describes the scientific protocol designed to test the efficiency of the simulator. A comparative study has been done in order to verify the influence of training
Circulation Influence On Cloudiness In Poznań
Authors: Szyga-Pluta Katarzyna 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The frequency of occurrence of cloud cover was analysed taking into consideration its circulation-related conditioning. The atmospheric circulation types according to Osuchowska-Klein (1978) classification were used. The study was made based on diurnal climatological observations carried out in Poznań-Ławica in years 1966–1998. It was found that the cloudless skies and small cloudiness were associated with anticyclonic types of atmospheric circulation and the east macrotype. Moderate cloudiness occurred equally at cyclonic and anticyclonic circulation types. Larger cloud coverage of the sky was associated with cyclonic circulation, especially with the west macrotype.
Old Melioration Systems: The Influence Onto Functioning Of Geoecosystems Of River Valleys In The Parsęta (NW Poland)
Authors: Szpikowski Józef , Szpikowska Grażyna , Domańska Monika 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Meliorations and their specific forms – irrigations – are one of the forms of anthropopressure within geoecosystems. The research studies conducted within the Parsęta basin focused on the sub-irrigation (seepage irrigation) systems formed in the 19th century. Query of archive materials and maps, hydrochemical and phytosociological terrain mapping and laboratory testing of water samples collected were used in the studies. In the study area were found the remains of the thirty old irrigation systems, which together occupy 2% of the Parsęta basin area. For many years most of them have not fulfilled their primary economic functions. Still, these systems have an impact on the cycle of waters and have become an important factor in increasing the geo- and biodiversity within the postglacial landscape. By expanding a range of wetland riparian areas, they fulfil relevant functions to protect surface waters against the supply of biogenic components. Some of them could be used to enlarge wetlands and floodplains within river valleys.
How Reliable Are Selected Methods Of Projections Of Future Thermal Conditions? A Case From Poland
Authors: Wibig Joanna , Jędruszkiewicz Joanna 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The aim of the paper was to assess the robustness of four bias correction techniques: simple bias correction, distribution based bias correction, delta change and distribution based delta change. Data from nine RCM simulations of CORDEX project and 41 Polish weather stations were used. The methods were calibrated in the period 1971–1985 and evaluated in 1991–2005. The improvement in mean, 10th and 90th percentiles was shown, without significant differences among methods. For 1st and 99th percentiles the improvement was generally weaker and simple methods seem to be more robust than the distribution based ones. Strong differences between individual models were found, so the use of model ensemble is recommended.
Cloud-Capped Towers: Capturing Terrain Characteristics Using Topographic Functionals
Authors: Earl Edward , Metzler David 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
We introduce three related mathematical measures of terrain based on a particularly elegant combination of relief and steepness, which we term omnidirectional relief and steepness (ORS). One measure, reduced ORS (RORS), is particularly suited to creating lists of notable features, and another, domain relief and steepness (DRS), measures the ruggedness of a region.
On The Eigenvalue Distribution Of Adjacency Matrices For Connected Planar Graphs
Authors: Griffith Daniel A. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This paper describes the previously unknown statistical distribution of adjacency matrix spectra for planar graphs, also known as spatial weights matrices, in terms of the following three readily available eigenvalue properties: extremes, rank orderings, and sums of powers. This distribution is governed by at most six parameters that, once known, allow accurate approximations of eigenvalues to be computed without resorting to numerical matrix methods applied on a case-by-case basis. Parameter estimates for illustrative real-world examples are obtained using nonlinear least squares regression techniques. Three conjectures are proposed, and graphical and trend results are reported for a diverse set of planar graph-based matrices.
Category Theory In Geography?
Authors: Arlinghaus Sandra L. , Kerski Joseph 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Is mathematical category theory a unifying tool for geography? Here we look at a few basic category theoretical ideas and interpret them in geographic example. We also offer links to indicate how category theory has been used as such in other disciplines. Finally, we announce the direction of our research program on this topic as a way to facilitate the learning, and maintenance of learning, of GIS software – and in the spirit of Quaestiones Geographicae, invite debate, comment, and contribution to this program in spatial mathematics.
Mathematics: What’s Spatial, What’s Not
Authors: Arlinghaus William C. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Probably, almost everyone has some idea of what is meant by the words ‘spatial mathematics.’ The problem is that 100 people have 100 different ideas, because the concept is not easy to codify. In this paper we suggest a few ways to illustrate differences between ‘spatial’ and ‘non-spatial’ concepts, and ways to introduce spatial approaches where none was present before.
From Cantor To Christaller?
Authors: Morris E Scott 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
It is possible that Georg Cantor and Walter Christaller may have been aware of one another during their careers, however, there is no indication the two collaborated. Also, there is no documentation that Christaller’s central place theory (CPT) contains any tenets derived from Cantor’s middle third set (CMT). Regardless, CMT and CPT are linked by their constructions as nested hierarchies and the geometry of hexagons. The end points and intervals of CMT may be incorporated, respectively, as anchor points and radii for the hexagonal tessellations of central place theory.
The Concealment and Disclosure of Knowledge in the Old Irish In Tenga Bithnua
Authors: Carey John 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis brief contribution considers some of the ways in which the theme of knowledge is treated in the Old Irish apocalyptic text In Tenga Bithnua. These include: the cyclical nature of the mysteries which baffle mankind and of the realities that are disclosed; the idea that the revelation is made in an angelic language (specimens of which are cited) and the treatment of this celestial speech in the manuscript; the claim that what the text reveals goes beyond what God communicated to Moses; and the evocation of further mysteries that are entirely beyond human (in one case, even angelic) capacities of cognition.
Death and Judgment in the Apocalypse of Paul: Old Imagery and Monastic Reinvention
Authors: Fiori Emiliano 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis paper focuses on the post-mortem judgment scene of the Apocalypse of Paul and explores how, while preserving the traditional judicial imagery of earlier apocalyptic texts, it profoundly reinvented its meaning. Nightmare visions of God’s tribunal were quite common in 4th-century Christianity, and were often placed at the starting or turning point of important ascetic careers, such as those of Jerome and Evagrius of Pontus. The embedding of God’s dreadful judgment in ascetic discipline, however, is most apparent in the Pachomian corpus. Here its features are similar to those in the Apocalypse of Paul, a work which stems, like the Pachomian literature, from late 4th-century Egypt. This helps interpret the tribunal setting of this apocalypse as a new monastic staging of old images, and provides further evidence to support the hypothesis of the origin of the Apocalypse of Paul within the Pachomian koinonia.
Undang-Undang Perkawinan Dalam Pluralitas Hukum Agama (Judicial Review Pasal Perkawinan Beda Agama)
Authors: Ashsubli Muhammad 
Published: January 2016

Abstrak: Undang-Undang Perkawinan Dalam Pluralitas Hukum Agama. Pernikahan beda agama memang menjadi suatu fenomena yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia yang sarat dengan pluralisme. Pernikahan beda agama tidak bisa begitu saja dihilangkan hanya dengan peraturan hukum, karena mencintai orang lain tidak bisa dibatasi dengan agama. Keutuhan dan keharmonisan hubungan menjadi dambaan bagi semua pasangan suami istri, tak terkecuali pasangan suami istri beda agama. Perbedaan agama memang menjadi suatu hal yang rentan terhadap munculnya masalah dan konflik dalam kehidupan berumah tangga pasangan beda agama, karena banyak perbedaan dalam pola pikir, cara pandang, aktivitas dan kebiasaan sehari-hari yang sedikit banyak disebabkan oleh perbedaan agama yang dimiliki oleh keduanya. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, penulis memandang perlunya meneliti bagaimana realitas yang terjadi dalam aturan agama yang diakui di Indonesia. Serta melalui penetapan inkracht oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi, maka pernikahan beda Agama kini dan nanti lebih diakomodasi oleh negara, agar tidak terjadi permasalahan dikemudian hari. konflik dalam hubungan dapat diminimalisir. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v2i2.2319
Los intelectuales y la política en la revolución mexicana: estudio de casos
Authors: Quintanilla Susana 
Published: January 2016

<p>La discusión sobre la tesis de la participación de los intelectuales, ateneístas en la revolución mexicana, como promotores del cambio político, ha arrojado nuevas versiones. Detectó una actitud política faccionaria interior del Ateneo de la Juventud que respondía a diversas ideologías y conveniencia. Después de un periodo de pluralidad de intelectualidad en el Estado, termino sujetada a este. Durante la lucha armada se tejieron nuevos lazos entre la cultura y el poder que marcaron los Imites de la autonomía intelectual.</p>
Agentes confidenciales en México: España y su primer contacto oficial con la revolución constitucionalista
Authors: MacGregor Josefina 
Published: January 2016

Ante la precaria situación de los españoles que se veían agredidos por las fuerzas constitucionalistas, el hecho de que el Puerto de Veracruz estuviese en manos de fuerzas militares norteamericanas y el avance revolucionario, obligaron a que España se planteara la necesidad de una intervención en México. Reseña las actividades diplomáticas de Manuel Walls y Merino, agente confidencial español, enviado a México con el objeto de proteger a los españoles y sus intereses