bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What's in a Name? Comments on the Dermatological Dictionary by Ledier, Rosenblum, and Carter
Authors: Jackson Robert 
Published: July 2017

Background: Any scientific discipline needs a sharply defined set of words for exact and reproducible communication. Surprisingly this has never been a strong point in dermatological science, especially as regards the living gross pathology of skin disease. Objective: This article briefly reviews the four editions of a dermatological dictionary of words and phrases and gives some thoughts on their usefulness. Conclusion: My conclusions are twofold: we need a new dictionary; at the very least, we need a reprinting of the fourth edition of A Dictionary of Dermatologic Terms by Carter.
Isolation and Partial Characterization of Potential Melanoma Suppressor Genes Using a Novel Subtractive Melanocyte Library
Authors: Tron Victor A. , Trotter Martin J. , Ho Vincent C. 
Published: July 2017

Background: There is increasing evidence that a tumour suppressor plays a role in the pathogenesis of cutaneous melanoma. Objective: Our objective was to isolate a melanoma-tumour suppressor gene. Methods: We constructed a novel subtractive library enriched for cDNAs expressed preferentially in normal melanocytes. Candidate genes were isolated using differential hybridization and were characterized further by Northern blot analysis. Results: Initially, 238 plaques were isolated, of which 57 contained insert cDNA. Ten of the cDNA clones demonstrated expression in normal melanocytes and were not present in at least one of four melanoma cell lines. Three of the clones showed no expression in melanocytes, but did hybridize with at least one of the melanoma lines. The remaining 44 clones were not expressed in either melanocyte or melanoma lines. Partial DNA sequence analysis of four selected clones revealed a cDNA representing the Ret Fused Gene (RFG) and two others highly homologous to tyrosinase-related protein (TRP1). Ret Fused Gene, a gene originally isolated from thyroid gland tumours, has been mapped to chromosome 10, whereas the TRP1 has been mapped to chromosome 9p. Both these genetic loci are known to be altered in melanoma. Conclusion: The method used is a powerful tool for the identification of genes important in the pathogenesis of skin diseases and is applicable to the study of a wide range of neoplastic and nonneoplastic conditions.
Poststreptococcal Vasculitis with Cutaneous and Central Nervous System Involvement
Authors: Grunwald Marcelo H. , Amichai Boaz , Flusser Daniel , Halevy Sima 
Published: July 2017

Background: Poststreptococcal vasculitis involving the central nervous system (CNS) is rarely seen. Objective: An unusual case of vasculitis of the CNS induced by a streptococcal infection is reported. Methods: A MEDLINE search was done, and an additional case is reported. Results: Behavioural changes with neurologic symptoms and brain lesions, presented on computerized tomography (CT) study were diagnostic of CNS involvement by vasculitis, induced by poststreptococcal infection. Conclusion: Poststreptococcal vasculitis involving the CNS is a rare event, but this possibility should be considered when a patient with cutaneous vasculitis develops behavioural changes or neurologic symptoms.
Exophiala Jeanselmei Infection in a Patient with Two Primary Malignancies
Authors: Chen Diana M. 
Published: July 2017

Background: Dematiaceous fungi are emerging as an important pathogen, particularly in individuals on immunosuppressive medications. These fungi produce brown to black pigment and are responsible for a wide spectrum of diseases, including superficial infections of the skin and eye and, uncommonly, deep infections involving the central nervous system and internal organs. Objective: We present a male patient with localized, cutaneous Exophiala jeanselmei infection. Methods: We review the literature and present a brief discussion of phaeohyphomycotic infections, their clinical features, and their treatment modalities. Results: Workup of our patient revealed an underlying hepatic lymphoma and pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusions: Phaeohyphomycotic infections, although uncommon, are increasingly recognized as important pathogens in patients who are immunologically compromised as a result of long-term steroid or other immunosuppressive therapy. Infections by these organisms in healthy-appearing individuals should prompt one to consider an immunodeficiency state and appropriate workup should be performed.
Modified Rhombic Flap for Closure of Circular or Irregular Defects
Authors: McGeorge Bruce C.L. 
Published: July 2017

Background: Rhombic flaps include the Limberg and the Quaba/Sommerlad flaps. The latter was described as successful placement of “a square peg in a round hole” but reported a 22% incidence of dog-ear formation complicating the postoperative course of surgery. Objective: To demonstrate the clinical use and compare and contrast the rationale of a modified rhombic flap for closure of wounds of circular or irregular shape that aims to minimize dog-ear formation. Methods: This closure is essentially a 60° transposition flap applied to a round or irregularly shaped defect. The flap is made slightly smaller than the defect. A modification of the Quaba/Sommerlad flap was made whereby a standing-cone was removed from the hinge-point of the base of the flap during the procedure and a greater flap size was used. A series of 104 cases was assessed by photographic and clinical record perioperatively and at 6 months of postoperative follow-up. Results: No dog-ear formation was found in any of the cases. Other complications were minimal. This flap has been found to be simple to design, and also practical with a wide variety of wound shapes and anatomic sites successfully closed. Conclusion: This modification successfully eliminates the most common complication of the Quaba/Sommerlad flap. The modified rhombic flap is a very versatile, safe method, of wound repair and is particularly well suited to Mohs' excision surgery.
Current Topics in Nail Surgery
Authors: Alam Murad , Scher Richard K. 
Published: July 2017

Background: Nail surgery can be performed in an office-based dermatology practice with a limited amount of specialized equipment and training. Several excellent reviews have been published in recent years that detail the techniques of nail surgery for both the novice and the experienced practitioner. Objective: In this article recent developments in nail surgery are discussed. Topics that are treated include the general principles of nail surgery, including epidemiologic issues, studies of nail anatomy, instrumentation, and anesthesia. The reconstruction of injuries and congenital defects involving the nail is explained, and the role of the hand surgeon clarified. Appropriate removal of tumours and cysts is considered, with special attention to the management of malignant lesions. The controversy regarding more or less conservative management of melanonychia striata is addressed, and the need for early diagnosis of subungual melanoma is emphasized. Other topics are surgical management of ingrown nails and onychomycosis. Newer areas of nail surgery, such as laser surgery of the nail, psycho-dermatology of the nail, and the role of primary care physicians in simple nail surgery are also examined.
Otolaryngology exposure in a longitudinal integrated clerkship setting
Authors: Scott Grace Margaret , Best Corliss Ann Elizabeth , Micomonaco Damian Christopher 
Published: July 2017

Background Although 20–40% of primary care complaints are Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (OtoHNS) related, little emphasis is placed on OtoHNS instruction at the undergraduate medical education level. An OtoHNS clerkship rotation is not required at most Canadian medical schools. Furthermore, at institutions offering an OtoHNS rotation, less than 20% of students are able to complete a placement. Given that a large percentage of medical students in Canada will pursue primary care as a career, there remains a gap in providing OtoHNS clinical training. During the longitudinal integrated clerkship at the Northern Ontario School of Medicine (NOSM), students are assigned to one of 14 sites, and not all have access to an otolaryngologist. This study looks to quantify the level of exposure students are receiving in OtoHNS at NOSM and to assess their comfort level with diagnosing and treating common otolaryngologic conditions. Methods A structured 13-item survey was administered to second, third and fourth year medical students at NOSM. Results A majority (67.9%) of medical students surveyed had not observed an otolaryngologist. Furthermore, most students (90.6%) reported receiving very little OtoHNS classroom based and clinical instruction during medical school. Conclusions A discrepancy exists between the quantity and breadth of OtoHNS training received in undergraduate medical education and the volume of OtoHNS encounters in primary care practice. Although geographic dissemination of students in the distributed learning model may be a challenge, strategies such as standardized objectives and supplemental electronic resources may serve to solidify clinical knowledge.
Aspects of fitness sports pairs dance in dance competition sports style standard performance assessment tests strength – 20M gear swing
Authors: Pilewska Wiesława , Matczak Paweł 
Published: July 2017

Aim of the studyIn this paper, an attempt to level the characteristics of endurance capacity C-S couples sporty style dance class standard in relation to aspects of dance sport activities.MaterialsThe research group sports were couples dancing, Training in Torun Club & Dance the Dance Dance. The group consisted of 22 people forming 11 pairs. The age of respondents ranged from 16-22 years. The group presented the age-group tournaments over 15 years. In the group of two pairs presented a class "C" six class "B", two pairs of class "A", one pair of class "S".Research MethodsUsed to measure the strength of a 20-meters gear swing. The test was to overcome the 20 meters sections at a given time. Signals determining the pace were on record obtained from the National Center for the Study of Physical Constitution (ncbkf.pl).Inability to keep pace or late in the signal indicating the start of the next cycle, was a sign to complete the test. Results and conclusions In the group of dancers C-S class, style standard p≥0,01 reported a statistically significant correlation between the results of those obtained sample of 20 meters gear swing and their level of sport.In all groups (dancers) were recorded directly proportional nature of the correlation between the outcome and the level of sports endurance capacity (specific results of 20-meters gear swing).For example, the best pairs can be inferred that the profile should show the dominance of a partner in the level of strength and their partners should represent 60-70% of the partner. Both smaller and larger difference tend to be weaker performance was characterized by a pair of sports and a lower level of sports.
Students sports clubs in Poland in the light of existing legislation and legal regulation of general court jurisdiction
Authors: Rejman Aneta 
Published: July 2017

This article is devoted to the issues related to creation and activities of school’s clubs in Poland in the light of existing legislation and legal regulation of an administrative and general court jurisdiction. It examines the legislation and legal regulation in relating to the operation of school sports clubs, especially under the current sport law from 2010. Experience shows that a number of important decisions concerning the sphere of student sports clubs are often made in against the applicable law, or are the subject of an irrelevant administrative decisions . It is all about matters related to the proper editing of the Statute of the club, the entry in the register or the conduct of sport events - which means that after the exhaustion of the instance may be appealed to the ordinary courts. This article is a kind of an attempt to summarize the existing law, ie. the relevant law as well as constantly updated court decisions - designed to indicate the accuracy of proceedings in matters relating to the establishment and the activities of student’s clubs.
The logic of value creation in the sport organization
Authors: Wiśniewski Adam Krystian 
Published: July 2017

Creating value by sports organizations is dependent on the performance of their functions and determinants of business. Success depends on the proper application of the model and methods for creating and capturing value. Their importance to the organization stems from the awareness of customers’ needs and their position in the value model. The paper discuss theoretical and practical methods and tools used in the concept of value creation by sports organizations. In the introductory part, the author presents the views, sources, types and motives of use the value priority in organizations. Then he focuses on the analysis of used in practice theories of value creation by sports organizations.
Legal aspects of athletes' image rights usage in the light of marketing activities
Authors: Westfal Krzysztof M. 
Published: July 2017

Usually the law is at least one step behind the market demands. Economic potential of athletes’ image rights has been recognized by marketing specialists many years ago. Selling image rights brings huge amounts of money to professional athletes each year. In market practice and in the realities of professional sport, commercial character of the image rights has become a fact. Also noticeable tendencies in development of Polish law interpretation seems to acknowledge that fact. Latest attempts of redefining nature of the image rights as economical or mixed economical-personal one deserves for approval. The importance of the issue of professional athletes’ image has found its reflection in legislation. Art. 14 par. 1-3 of the Sports Act of 25th June 2010 sets lex specialis to art. 23 and 24 paragraphs 1-3 of the Polish Civil Code as well as to art. 81 par. 1 and 2 of the Copyright and Related Rights Act of 4th February 1994 which sets general legal frameworks for image rights in Poland. Abovementioned provisions of the Sport Act grants the Polish sports unions and the Polish Olympic Committee with the exclusive right to use, in order to their business goals, image of the athletes wearing, respectively, the Polish national team outfit or the Olympic team outfit. Specific legal provisions functioning in relation to the professional athletes’ image were also the subject of the case law of the Supreme Court. Of key importance for the interpretation of art. 14 paragraphs 1-3 of the Sports Act has a Supreme Court judgment of 16th December 2009, I CSK 160/09, which was issued on the basis of art. 33 paragraph 1 and 2 of the repealed Qualified Sport Act. For issues of athletes image usage not without significance is the fact that professional athletes usually have the status of a commonly known persons. In the light of art. 81 par. 2 of Sports Act disseminating the image of an athlete who is commonly known person as well, does not require the consent of such a person, provided that the image has been made in connection with the performance of public functions, in particular social or professional ones. Regarding to the issue of entities authorized to disseminating athletes image there is considerable diversity. Depending on the factual situation, except of an athlete itself, such entitled entity might become the Polish Olympic Committee, the Polish sport union, sport club or organization for collective management of rights of athletes. Having regard to the multidimensional issue of the athletes' image, and bearing in mind how common practice concluding of the marketing contracts concerning image rights has become, it should be postulated that observable changes concerning issue in question, shall be made towards meeting the needs espoused by the market.
Methods of coping with stress in young players in team sports games
Authors: Kalinowski Paweł , Pietranis Dariusz , Bugaj Olga , Lachowska Katarzyna 
Published: July 2017

Contemporary trends in qualified sport to achieve athletic championship are aimed at constant clarification of the areas of information and the search for new methodological solutions and training. With the ever-rising level of sports, one of the fundamental tasks of theoreticians and practitioners of the sport is the correct diagnosis of sports predispositions of players. Nowadays, sporting success is not determined only by an excellent physical preparation. Players should have corresponding psychological predispositions. One of the psychological aspects relevant to athletes are effective ways of coping with stress. The study attempts to determine the level of how to deal with stress in the representatives of team sports compared with the general population. A survey on ways of coping with stress of 31 players in the younger junior age category appearing in the top division was carried out using a CISS questionnaire created by Norman and Parker (1990), adapted by Polish authors (Strelau et al. 2005). The results showed that young athletes were characterized by a lower level of styles and strategies focused on emotions compared with those of the general population and a higher level of ways of focusing on the task compared with the general population. The observed differences were statistically significant.
Dosing Accuracy of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Schwartz Janice B. , Merrill Steve , de Leon Noelle , Thompson Ashley , Fang Margaret C. 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVEDirect‐acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are increasingly used to prevent or treat thromboembolism. We conducted a study to compare how well initial DOAC prescribing for adult inpatients adhered to dosing recommendations approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).DESIGNRetrospective analysis.SETTINGSingle academic medical center, July 1, 2014 to June 30, 2015.PATIENTS508 adult inpatients.MEASUREMENTSDOAC prescriptions were evaluated to determine whether they met FDA‐recommended dosing and administration according to patient age, weight, sex, race, kidney function, diagnoses, and concomitant medications.RESULTSDOACs were prescribed in 635 admissions (247 apixaban, 97 dabigatran, 291 rivaroxaban). The indication was atrial fibrillation/flutter in 465 admissions (8% with bioprostheses or valve repair), chronic deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in 67, acute DVT in 32, chronic pulmonary embolism in 23, acute pulmonary embolism in 19, DVT prevention after hip or knee surgery in 19, and non‐FDA‐approved indications in 10. Sixteen percent of orders for venous thromboembolic disease were for patients with active malignancy. Dosages not concordant with recommendations were prescribed for apixaban in 18% of admissions, for rivaroxaban in 14%, and for dabigatran in 7% (P = 0.04). Lower than recommended dosing was more common than higher than recommended dosing (P < 0.05). Half the deviations were continuations of outpatient dosing. Atrial fibrillation/flutter and post‐hip or ‐knee surgery dosing deviations were more common than venous thromboembolic disease deviations (P < 0.001) but were not related to prescriber specialty.CONCLUSIONSDOAC prescribing recommendation deviations that can affect clinical efficacy were identified. Education and point‐of‐care decision support tools for improving dosing are needed, as are outcome data for patients who receive DOACs at lower than recommended dosing or for off‐label indications.
Nutritional Status as an Important Factor in the Health Status of the Adult
Authors: Jonxis J.H.P. 
Published: July 2017

Malnutrition in the first year of life may cause permanent damage to the individual. There may be a permanent retardation in growth if the malnutrition is a serious one and the food intake is severely insufficient over a longer, period. Specially when malnutrition occurs in the first months after birth, it may cause damage to the central nervous system.As long as the breast-fed child gets enough breastmilk, it is unlikely that serious problems arise. The declinein feeding in many developing countries is a serious problem, especially because the alternatives for human milk are not always available, owing to economic factors. In the, countries of the Western world there exists just, the opposite problem owing to partial over-nutrition abnormalities in fat metabolism may occur, which may influence the health of the individual later on in life.
Two rare manifestations of primary hyperparathyroidism: paralysis and peptic ulcer bleeding
Authors: Heidarpour Maryam , Karami Mehdi , Hedayat Pegah , Aminorroaya Ashraf 
Published: July 2017

Summary
Primary hyperparathyroidism revealed by thoracic spine brown tumor and peptic ulcer bleeding is rare. We presented a case of 33-year-old male patient who was admitted with paraplegia. Thoracic spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed extradural lesion at T4 level. He underwent surgical decompression in T4. According to histopathologic finding and elevated serum parathormone (PTH) and hypercalcemia (total serum calcium 12.1 mg/dL), the diagnosis of brown tumor was down. Ultrasonography of his neck showed a well-defined lesion of 26 × 14 × 6 mm. The day after surgery, he experienced 2 episodes of melena. Bedside upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed gastric peptic ulcer with visible vessel. Treatment with intragastric local instillation of epinephrine and argon plasma coagulation was done to stop bleeding. After stabilization of the patient, parathyroidectomy was performed. Histologic study showed the parathyroid adenoma without any manifestation of malignancy. At discharge, serum calcium was normal (8.6 mg/dL). On 40th day of discharge, standing and walking status was normal.

Learning points:

Thoracic spine involvement is a very rare presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism.

The issue of whether primary hyperparathyroidism increases the risk of peptic ulcer disease remains controversial. However, gastrointestinal involvement has been reported in association with classic severe primary hyperparathyroidism.

The treatment of brown tumor varies from case to case.
Metasztázis miatt végzett máj- és hasfalreszekció 11 évvel a pancreatoduodenectomia után
Authors: Biró Zsanett , Papp Róbert , Kucserik Levente , Al-Farhat Yousuf , Fincsúr András , Vereczkei András , Kelemen Dezső 
Published: July 2017

Abstract: Pancreatic cancer has adverse prognosis. Disease recurrence is typical and it occurs mainly within the first 2 years postoperatively. However late and soliter metastases are rare. This case report shows the history of a male patient, who was radically operated on for pancreatic cancer. 11 years later a solitary liver metastasis has developed and it was completely removed by resection. 1 year postoperatively the patient is doing well. Our case demonstrates that in patients after resection for pancreatic cancer, redo surgery might be justified in case of late and isolated metastasis. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(28): 1109–1111.