bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-Assembly of Bodipy-Derived Extended π-Systems
Authors: Cherumukkil Sandeep , Vedhanarayanan Balaraman , Das Gourab , Praveen Vakayil K , Ajayaghosh Ayyappanpillai 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Self-assembly is a viable approach to create soft functional materials with architectural diversity and property variations. Among the large number of different chromophores used, borondipyrromethene (Bodipy) dyes find a unique space because of their promising photophysical properties such as high molar absorptivity, fluorescent quantum yield and excellent photostability along with the associated synthetic ease. Recently, research on Bodipy dyes has experienced a surge of activities in view of favorable self-assembling properties. In this review, recent developments in self-assembled Bodipy dyes and their significance in various applications are discussed.
Evaluation of postnatal education on breastfeeding technique of Jordanian mothers
Authors: Abuidhail Jamila , Odeh Abeer , Ibrewish Tasneem , Alqam Bayan , Alajrab Isra'a 
Published: November 2017

Background In Jordan, most of postnatal breastfeeding education is focused on knowledge of breastfeeding rather than latch-on technique and skills of breastfeeding practice. Aim To measure the effectiveness of postnatal breastfeeding education among postpartum mothers in Jordan. Methods A quasi-experimental, non-equivalent control group before-after design was used to measure the effectiveness of postnatal breastfeeding education among 216 Jordanian mothers. The intervention group received a postnatal breastfeeding education session, while the comparison group received daily postnatal care in hospital. Data were collected before and after the intervention. Findings This study showed an increase in the number of postpartum mothers in the intervention group who demonstrated skills of proper positioning after receiving educational material. Conclusion Postnatal breastfeeding education is effective in promoting breastfeeding practice and exclusive breastfeeding.
Why is education for pelvic floor muscle exercises a neglected public health issue?
Authors: Dickinson Bethany , Briscoe Lesley 
Published: November 2017

Background Pelvic floor muscle exercises positively impact on urinary stress incontinence and quality of life for women. Aim To try and understand more about pelvic floor exercises. Methods A search was performed on Cochrane, CINAHL and Discover More. Delimiting the search provided 28 papers, which then informed this literature review. Differing methodology and small sample size of individual studies, variation in trainer and the design of pelvic floor muscle exercises education limited the evidence base. Findings Many barriers existed and women were found to be disinterested with pelvic floor exercises or unaware of the reasons for performing them. Those who were young, in their first pregnancy and from deprived areas were less likely to perform pelvic floor muscle exercises, as they had no access to information or believed they were not necessary. Midwives lacked confidence in their knowledge and suggested that other health professionals could perform promotion better. Conclusions It is important to investigate how midwives can influence education about pelvic floor muscle exercises and women's perceptions. New and creative methods of health promotion are needed to engage women with pelvic floor muscle exercises more effectively.
Dysregulation of both miR-140-3p and miR-140-5p in synovial fluid correlate with osteoarthritis severity
Authors: Yin C-M. , Suen W-C-W. , Lin S. , Wu X-M. , Li G. , Pan X-H. 
Published: November 2017

Objectives This study looked to analyse the expression levels of microRNA-140-3p and microRNA-140-5p in synovial fluid, and their correlations to the severity of disease regarding knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Knee joint synovial fluid samples were collected from 45 patients with OA of the knee (15 mild, 15 moderate and 15 severe), ten healthy volunteers, ten patients with gouty arthritis, and ten with rheumatoid arthritis. The Kellgren–Lawrence grading (KLG) was used to assess the radiological severity of knee OA, and the patients were stratified into mild (KLG < 2), moderate (KLG = 2), and severe (KLG > 2). The expression of miR-140-3p and miR-140-5p of individual samples was measured by SYBR Green quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. The expression of miR-140-3p and miR-140-5p was normalised to U6 internal control using the 2-△△CT method. All data were processed using SPSS software. Results Expression of both miR-140-3p and miR-140-5p was downregulated in OA synovial fluid, showing a statistical difference between the OA and non-OA group, and increased OA severity was associated with a decreased expression of miR-140-3p or miR-140-5p. The Spearman rank correlation analysis suggested that the expression of miR-140-3p or miR-140-5p was negatively correlated with OA severity. In addition, the expression of miR-140-5p was 7.4 times higher than that of miR-140-3p across all groups. Conclusion The dysregulation of miR-140-3p and miR-140-5p in synovial fluid and their correlations with the disease severity of OA may provide an important experimental basis for OA classification, and the miR-140-3p/miR-140-5p are of great potential as biomarkers in the diagnosis and clinical management of patients with OA. Cite this article: C-M. Yin, W-C-W. Suen, S. Lin, X-M. Wu, G. Li, X-H. Pan. Dysregulation of both miR-140-3p and miR-140-5p in synovial fluid correlate with osteoarthritis severity. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:612–618. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.611.BJR-2017-0090.R1.
Precision Medicine in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: The Relevance of Early-Life Exposures
Authors: Estampador Angela C , Franks Paul W 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDType 2 diabetes is highly prevalent and devastating. Obesity is a diabetogenic factor, driving insulin resistance and a compensatory demand for increased insulin secretion from the pancreatic β cells; a failure to address this demand results in diabetes. Accordingly, primary and secondary prevention of obesity are at the core of diabetes prevention programs. The development of obesity and declining β-cell function often span many years or decades before diabetes is clinically manifest. Thus, characterizing the early-life process and risk factors that set disease trajectories may yield novel targets for early intervention and help improve the accuracy of prediction algorithms, factors germane to the emerging field of precision medicine.CONTENTHere, we overview the concepts of precision medicine and fetal programming. We discuss the barriers to preventing obesity and type 2 diabetes in adulthood and present the rationale for considering early-life events in this context. In so doing, we discuss proof-of-concept studies and cutting-edge technological developments that are likely to transform current thinking on the etiology and pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes. We also review the factors hampering progress, including the success and failures of pregnancy intervention trials.SUMMARYObesity and type 2 diabetes are among the major health and economic burdens of our time. Defeating these diseases is likely to require life-course approaches, which may include aggressive interventions informed by biomarker profiling undertaken during early life.
Policies to Prevent Obesity and Promote Healthier Diets: A Critical Selective Review
Authors: Cawley John , Wen Katherine 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Obesity has risen dramatically in recent decades in the US and most other countries of the world. This has led to a search for public policies and other interventions that can prevent obesity and improve diets. However, there remain considerable uncertainty and confusion about the effectiveness of many potential policies.

CONTENT
This review assesses the strength of the research evidence for 4 commonly proposed policies to prevent obesity and improve diets: (a) taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs); (b) calorie labels on restaurant menus; (c) restricting food advertising to youth; and (d) excluding energy-dense foods from the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP).

SUMMARY
The existing literature has many limitations. Often, the research designs are weak, with small nonrepresentative samples and only short-run follow-up. However, a number of studies are of sufficiently high quality to be informative, and on the basis of that evidence, there appears to be no magic bullet to prevent and reduce obesity. Thus, a suite of these policies may be needed for a meaningful impact.
Excavating The Lacuna: Barbara Kingsolver’s allegorical understanding of America’s post-9/11 world
Authors: Sheehan Clair A. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Following the violent attacks of September 11 2001, and before the dust had properly settled, popular author Barbara Kingsolver was, in effect, being ostracized for candidly voicing her first amendment right – freedom of speech. She spoke out forcefully in various periodicals in an attempt to check the rush towards war. By 2009 she stood ready to fictionalize her personal experience of ‘[b]ecoming a scapegoat for the American right-wing’, and figuratively link her ordeal to problematic government actions from her country’s complex political past. In doing this she stands out as one of the few American novelists who were prepared to critically examine the US political atmosphere during the first decade of the twenty-first century. Her complex allegorical novel, The Lacuna (2009), follows a historical political thread that is artfully woven into the very fabric of this metaphorical text. The Lacuna adeptly displays how the media can be employed to underpin political agendas, promote bias and surreptitiously provoke violence against those who step outside the margins of the existing status quo. This article examines these issues in order to discern connections between America’s violent past and the culture in conflict that has rapidly come into focus during the twenty-first century.
‘A warning in the shape of the novel’ – the relevance of lessons contained in F. Dostoyevsky’s The Possessed for twenty-first-century United States
Authors: Akroyd Olga 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The Possessed (1872) by F. Dostoyevsky is a key text for comprehending the mechanisms behind the emergence and development of public disorder in an enclosed urban setting. Dubbed a ‘roman-preduprezhdenie’ or ‘a warning in the shape of a novel’ for the generations to come, it can easily be described as one of the author’s most political and complex works that retains specific relevance for the present-day world. This article attempts to collect and analyse several major lessons regarding the origins and development of urban violence and rioting to be gleaned from Dostoyevsky’s text, and apply them to the modern-day American case studies of social protesting and public unrest (namely, the Ferguson riots and the Occupy movement, 2011 onward). By doing so, I will draw a conclusion relevant for the modern leaders, scholars and thinkers preoccupied with the notions of urban rioting and violence.
‘Let’s see who’s being creative out there’: Lessons from the ‘Creative Citizens’ programme in Northern Ireland
Authors: Durrer Victoria 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Policy critiques indicate that strategies aimed at fostering participation in publicly funded arts have focused too heavily on individuals’ capacity for engagement, rather than on the capacity of the sector to engage individuals. Programmes like ‘Creative People and Places’ (CPP) see this capacity as shared, community networks, ideas, infrastructure and skills. Through analysis of one local council’s Arts Development Service, specifically Mid and East Antrim Borough Council (MEABC) in Northern Ireland (NI), this article brings the role and position of local government work to light within this broader understanding of capacity as a community-wide phenomenon. Through focusing on the assumptions, operations and experiences regarding cultural participation held by MEABC’s arts staff, the article enhances the learning about community capacity more formally underway in the CPP projects and supports the notion that capacity building is a multi-directional process. In taking a new approach to programme delivery, the team’s assumptions and beliefs about cultural participation and infrastructure have been challenged. This change in perception has impacted the development of their practice to promote and develop arts and cultural participation in their locality. The study has implications for what more democratic practices of participation might mean to the strategic decision-making processes of local cultural policy development and governance. As a result, the article advocates for more and deeper consideration of local government as a key actor in the arts and cultural sector and cultural policy-making.
Reviews
Authors: Richardson Sarah Harvey , Weston Sarah , Francis David , Vaughan Lucy 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Respectable: The Experience of Class, Lynsey Hanley (2016) London: Allen Lane, 240 pp., ISBN: 9781846142062, h/bk, £16.99
Review of Rediscovering the Radical Conference: The partnering of activism and performance
Review of International Teaching Artists’ Conference (ITAC), Edinburgh, 3–5 August 2016
ITAC 3 Best, Next and Radical, Edinburgh, 3–5 August 2016
W for WHEN THE WELSBACH BURNER WENT WEIRD AND WET
Authors: Kebapcioglu Ara 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Gas lighting was born around the turn of the eighteenth to nineteenth centuries and was in general use indoors and outdoors until before WWII. Duchamp, in his early years, was impressed by the view of the Welsbach burner, a particular form of gas lighting device and included it in his installation Etant donnés...
Z for ZUGZWANG
Authors: Bök Christian 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
‘Zugzwang’ depicts the gameplay for a chess match between the two robots Gandalf and Zugzwang – with each of their moves, sequentially represented on a grid (11 x 11), with no frames for the 121 chessboards, so that the match seems unbounded in scale, like a vast battlefield of chessmen. The word ‘zugzwang’ refers to a situation in which the obligation to make a move in chess results in a decisive disadvantage for the player — (an apt metaphor for the plight of the avant-garde artist).
D for DOOR
Authors: Taylor Michael R. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
This essay explores the history, meaning and function of the weathered exterior door for Marcel Duchamp’s Étantdonnés: 1° la chute d’eau, 2° le gazd’éclairage.This door – which physically separates the viewer from the mysterious scene inside of a recumbent female nude holding aloft an old fashioned illuminated gas lamp against the backdrop of a lush hilly landscape – was actually part of a much larger farmhouse door leading that the artist found in 1965 in La Bisbal in northeastern Spain. Four years later the door was brought to the Philadelphia Museum of Art, where it was permanently installed in Gallery 1759 as part of Duchamp’s extraordinary tableau assemblage. Since 1969 countless visitors have looked through the door’s peepholes where they encounter the startling sight of a realistically constructed simulacrum of a life-sized nude woman lying on a bed of dead twigs and fallen leaves.
E for ÉTANT DONNÉS
Authors: Wall Jeff 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Jeff Wall’s lecture on Marcel Duchamp’s great legacy Étant donnés presented at the First Annual Anne d’Harnoncourt Memorial Symposium, September 11, 2009, at the Philadelphia Museum of Art. For the first time published by Stefan Banz in 2013 with KMD–Kunsthalle Marcel Duchamp | The Forestay Museum of Art, Cully, Switzerland, and VerlagfürmoderneKunst, Nuremberg, Germany (today Vienna, Austria).
F for FORESTAY WATERFALL
Authors: Banz Stefan 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In Summer 1946, Marcel Duchamp spent five weeks in Switzerland, including five days at the Hotel Bellevue (today, Le Baron Tavernier) near Chexbres, on Lake Geneva. There he discovered the Forestay waterfall. No research was ever done as to why the artist chose this waterfall and not another to become the starting point for and ultimately the landscape of his famous final masterpiece, Étantdonnés: 1° la chute d’eau, 2° le gazd’éclairage (Given: 1. The Waterfall, 2. The Illuminating Gas) until Stefan Banz started a extensive research about this topic in 2007. This article brings light onto one of the most illuminated footnotes in Duchamp research and in the art of the twentieth Century.
K for KAVAN
Authors: Zultanski Steven 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Though wildly different in medium and subject, Anna Kavan’s novelWho Are You? andMarcel Duchamp’s sculptureÉtantdonnés are both frequently interpreted through the reticence of their respective authors: the artists’ insistence on their privacy is seemingly inherent to the work. Through a reading of Kavan’s novel (and bookended by a discussion of Duchamp), this article examines a few ways that privacy functions as an aesthetic material and offers a tentative politics of privacy: as a refusal ofownership, as a means of turning oppression into an object to be analyzed, and as a connective tissue—a means of world-building.
PENGNARUH SENSITIVITAS PARAMETER OPERASI TERHADAP TERJADINYA REAKSI RUNAWAY PADA OKSIDASI METANOL MENJADI FORMALDEHID
Authors: Buchori Luqman , Suherman Suherman 
Published: November 2017

Formaldehida sebagai senyawa aldehida memiliki keistimewaan yaitu dapat bereaksi dengan hampir semua senyawa organik maupun anorganik sehingga formaldehida amat luas penggunaannya dalam industri yang ada. Reaksi oksidasi metanol menjadi formaldehida banyak dilakukan dalam reaktor anggun tetap. Dalam pengoperasiannya, di dalam reaktor ini sering dijumpai adanya fenomena yang sangat komplikatif dan mengganggu jalannya operasi yaitu distribusi aliran tidak merata (flow maldistribution) dan panas terlokalisir (hot spot). Kedua fenomena ini sangat berbahaya karena dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya reaksi "runaway", yakni terjadinya kenaikan temperatur dan tekanan reaktor yang sangat hebat secara mendadak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi temperatur sepanjang reaktor unggun tetap akibat pengaruh variabel operasi serta mempelajari pengaruh sensitivitas parameter operasi tehadap terjadinya reaksi runaway. Penelitian dilakukan dengan percobaan pengamatan distribusi tempeatur pusat reaktor secara aksial dan pemodelan untuk mengetahui kapan terjadinya reaksi runaway. berdasarkan hasil percobaan, pada temperatur umpan mendekati temperatur reaksi, semakin besar laju alir massa umpan total maka suhu yang teramati semakin besar pula. Demikian pula pada pengaruh umpan, semakin besar tempperatur umpan maka temperatur keluaran reaktor juga semakin besar. Hasil penyepakatan secara umum menunjukkan pendekatan yang bagus dengan hasil eksperimen. Reaksi runaway terjadi pada hasil simulasi dimana parameter operasi yang berpengaruh adalah fraksi metanol. dalam penelitian ini direkomendasikan bahwa fraksi methanol dalam umpan tidak boleh lebih dari 0,1.
VAN DER WAALS MIXING RULES FOR THE REDLICH-KWONG EQUATION OF STATE. APPLICATION FOR SUPERCRITICAL SOLUBILITY MODELING
Authors: Ratnawati Ratnawati 
Published: November 2017

A solid-supercritical fluid system is highly asymmetric in terms of the size and energy differences of the components. The key point in extending a cubic equation of state to such system is on the choice of proper mixing rules. New mixing rules for the Redlich-Kwong equation of state are developed. The developement is based on the statistical-mechanical theory of the van der Waals mixing rules. The Redlich Kwong equation of state with the proposed mixing rules along with the original ones is used to predict solubilities of solids in supercritical fluid. The prediction is done with kij equal zero, as well as with optimized kij. The results show superiority of the proposed mixing rules over the original ones. For most of the systems considered, the proposed mixing rules with the kij equal zero are closer to the experimental data than the original ones do. For 28 systems with 521 data points taken from various sources, the original and the proposed mixing rules give the overall AAD of 13.4%, while the original mixing rules give 45.9%.
Optimasi Pembuatan Kitosan Dari Kitin Limbah Cangkang Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) Untuk Adsorben Ion Logam Merkuri
Authors: Rahayu L. H. , Purnavita S. 
Published: November 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmenentukan kondisi optimum factor suhu dan waktu proses deatilasi dari khitin cangkang rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) menjadi khitosan dan mengetahui pengaruh pH adsorpsi dari kitosan terhadap penurunan jumlah ion merkuri (%). Proses deasetilasi dilakukan dengan memanaskan campuran khitin dengan larutan NaOH 50% (rasio 1:20 b/v) pada suhu 70 0C, 80 0C, 90 0C dan 100 0C dengan waktu proses masing-masing 30, 60, 90 dan 120 menit. Parameter respon adalah derajad deasetilasi khitosan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa derajad deasetilasi khitosan tertinggi adalah 79,65% yang dihasilkan pada suhu 90 0C dan waktu proses 120 menit. Khitosan selanjutnya diuji kemampuan adsorpsinya terhadap ion merkuri pada pH 2, 3, 4, 5, dan 6. Hasil uji aplikasi khitosan sebagai adsorben ion logam merkuri menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi pH adsorpsi semakin besar penurunan jumlah ion merkuri (%), dimana hubungan keduanya ditunjukkan dengan persamaan y = 7,50x + 26,11.Kata kunci : adsorpsi, cangkang rajungan, deasetilasi, litin, khitosan
PEMUTIHAN ENCENG GONDOK MENGGUNAKAN H2O2 DENGAN KATALISATOR NATRIUM BIKARBONAT
Authors: Retnowati Diah Susetyo 
Published: November 2017

Batang enceng gondok (Eichornia crasipess) dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku kerajinan seperti tas, atau digunakan sebagai pengganti rotan dalam industri mebel.Untuk mendapatkan warna yang lebih cerah, umumnya batang enceng gondok kering yang berwarna coklat diputihkan dengan perendaman dalam larutan yang mengandung oksidator. Pada penelitian ini, oksidator yang dipakai adalah hidrogen peroksida, suatu oksidator yang lebih ramah lingkungan dibandingkan dengan oksidator lainnya. Oksidator ini dilarutkan dalam pelarut yang berupa campuran etanol-air. Untuk lebih mempercepat proses pemutihan, juga ditambahkan katalisator NaHCO3 yang dapat bereaksi dengan hidrogen peroksida membentuk peroksidamonokarbonat yang lebih reaktif. Hasil enceng gondok yang putih dan cerah, serta mempunyai kuat tarik cukup tinggi, diperoleh pada proses pemutihan selama 3 jam dalam larutan etanol-air dengan perbandingan volume 0,36 yang mengandung H2O2 dan NaHCO3 dengan konsentrasi 4 % berat dan 1,95 g/L.
EKSTRAKSI KONTINYU DENGAN SIMULASI BATCH TIGA TAHAP ALIRAN LAWAN ARAH: PENGAMBILAN MINYAK BIJI ALPUKAT MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT N-HEXANE DAN ISO PROPIL ALKOHOL
Authors: Pramudono Bambang , Ardi Widioko Septian , Rustyawan Wawan 
Published: November 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji rendemen dan selektivitas dari ekstraksi biji alpukat dengan pelarut n-hexane dan isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan sistem kontinyu simulasi batch bertahap tiga aliran lawan arah pada temperatur 82 oC (untuk pelarut n- hexane) dan 69 oC (untuk pelarut IPA), selama 2 jam dengan perbandingan bahan dan pelarut sebesar 20 gr/250 gr. Rendemen yang diperoleh pada penggunaan n-hexane dan IPA sebesar 18,69 % dan 17,87 %. Kedua minyak yang dihasilkan baik dari penggunaan n-hexane maupun IPA memenuhi spesifikasi minyak biji alpukat. Dari besarnya rendemen yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa secara kuantitatif pelarut n-hexane lebih baik daripada IPA, tetapi dari segi kualitatif (kandungan impuritas) pelarut IPA lebih baik daripada n-hexane.