bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
QoS priority‐based coordinated scheduling and hybrid spectrum access for femtocells in dense cooperative 5G cellular networks
Authors: Kaleem Zeeshan , Chang KyungHi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA third‐generation partnership project long‐term evolution system uses the concept of a 2‐tier heterogeneous network, where low‐power and short‐range femtocells are laid under macrocells to fulfill the quality of service (QoS) requirements of users and to boost overall network throughput. However, cochannel deployment gives rise to the problem of cross‐tier interference that significantly deteriorates the performance of the cellular network. The coordinated multipoint (CoMP) transmission scheme is proposed as a promising solution to alleviate cross‐tier interference by doing cooperation among the neighbor base stations. In this paper, we propose a QoS priority‐based coordinated scheduling and hybrid spectrum access (QoS‐CSaHSA) scheme for downlink CoMP transmission in 2‐tier networks. The proposed QoS‐CSaHSA scheme dynamically reduces the femtocells' power requirements by considering the neighbor cell interference, and it also balances the macrocell load by switching the femtocells to HA mode. Moreover, it can reduce unnecessary muting of the base stations because it only enables the coordinated scheduling CoMP when there is no other possibility to reduce the cross‐tier interference. System‐level simulation results prove the validity of the proposed QoS‐CSaHSA scheme in a heterogeneous network environment. Compared with the existing schemes that operate the femtocells in a closed‐subscriber group without considering users' QoS requirements, the proposed scheme almost doubles the cell‐edge user throughput and reduces the packet loss rate and call‐blocking probability.
VEGF as a modulator of the innate immune response in glioblastoma
Authors: Turkowski Kati , Brandenburg Susan , Mueller Annett , Kremenetskaia Irina , Bungert Alexander D. , Blank Anne , Felsenstein Matthäus , Vajkoczy Peter 
Published: September 2017

AbstractVEGF is an important factor in tumor vascularization and used as target for anti‐angiogenic treatment strategies in glioma. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that VEGF is a modulator of the innate immune response with suppressive effects on the immunologic and pro‐angiogenic function of microglia/macrophages in a glioblastoma rodent model. High level of VEGF led to threefold enlarged tumor volumes and a pronounced remodeling of the vascular structure along with a reduced infiltration of microglia/macrophages by approximately 50%. Remaining microglia/macrophages showed an enhanced rate of apoptosis as well as significant downregulation of the VEGF‐receptor, VEGFR2, and others such as CXCR4. Consequently, we determined a substantially impaired migration of these microglia/macrophages to VEGF and SDF1α in vitro. Furthermore, we observed an increased presentation of the surface molecules MHCI and MHCII on microglia/macrophages from VEGF‐overexpressing gliomas that are essential for activation of the adaptive immune system. In contrast, the expression of pro‐inflammatory and suppressive cytokines, associated with the innate immune response, were mainly downregulated. Remarkably, the abundance of VEGF provoked less accumulation of microglia/macrophages within the perivascular niche and concomitantly reduced the release of pro‐angiogenic factors, like VEGF, suggesting a possible regulatory feedback mechanism. Thus, the quantity of VEGF in the glioma microenvironment seems to be crucial for the participation of microglia/macrophages on tumor progression and should be considered for developing novel therapeutic approaches.
Tap, swipe, and build: Parental spatial input during iPad® and toy play
Authors: Ho Ariel , Lee Joanne , Wood Eileen , Kassies Samantha , Heinbuck Carissa 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDespite the increase in the use of interactive technological devices, little is known about the impact that play context has on the production of spatial language by parents. To investigate whether there is differential parental spatial input afforded by play contexts with their preschoolers, 34 children (20 girls, 14 boys) and their primary caregivers engaged in 30‐min 3‐dimensional (3D) spatial play using blocks and puzzles and virtual 2‐dimensional (2D) spatial play using an iPad® in 2 separate home visits. There were no significant differences in the average amount of spatial talk and the number of spatial categories used by parents in both 3D and 2D play contexts. However, the amount of parental spatial talk decreased significantly with older preschoolers using the iPad®. In the 3D play contexts, parents produced more words related to spatial dimensions, location and directions, and continuous amount than in the 2D play contexts. However, in the 2D play contexts, they produced more words associated with orientations and transformations as well as deictics than in the 3D play contexts. Our findings suggest that technology can be effectively introduced into play contexts to elicit enriched parental spatial input by supporting parents and caregivers with best practices.Highlights

The present study examines the differences in parental spatial talk when using traditional versus technology‐based learning tools with their preschoolers.
Two 30‐min home observations of parent–child dyads playing blocks and puzzles versus spatial apps on an iPad®. No significant differences in the amount of parental spatial talk and the number of spatial categories in both play contexts were found.
Our findings suggest that technology can be effectively introduced into play contexts to elicit enriched parental spatial input.
Mitral regurgitation severity correlates with symptoms and extent of left atrial dysfunction: Effect of mitral valve repair
Authors: Lisi Matteo , Cameli Matteo , Di Tommaso Cristina , Curci Valeria , Reccia Rosanna , D'ascenzi Flavio , Focardi Marta , Maccherini Massimo , Chiavarelli Mario , Lisi Gianfranco , Lindqvist Per , Mondillo Sergio , Henein Michael 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPurposeWe aimed to assess the relationship between mitral regurgitation (MR) severity, symptoms, and left atrial (LA) structure and function, before and after mitral valve repair (MVR).MethodsGlobal peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) was evaluated in 37 patients with severe symptomatic MR and preserved left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (60.4% ± 4.6%) before and 3 months after MVR and was compared with values from 30 age‐ and gender‐matched controls.ResultsBefore surgery, PALS was worse in patients than in controls and indexed LA volume was greater (P < .0001 for both). After MVR, PALS deteriorated further and LA volume decreased (P = .001 and P = .05, respectively) as did LV ejection fraction, longitudinal strain (P = .05 and P < .001, respectively), and LV mass (P < .0001). Before surgery, LA volume correlated modestly with LV end‐diastolic volume (R = 0.51; P = .01); effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA) correlated with PALS (R = −0.69, P < .001) and with LV longitudinal strain (R = 0.54, P = .01), and New York Heart Association class correlated with PALS (R = −0.69, P < .001), EROA (R = 0.69, P < .001), and LA volume (R = 0.51, P = .04). LA volume was the strongest predictor of global PALS reduction (P < .001), whereas global PALS was the main predictor of postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) (P < .001).ConclusionsIn patients with severe MR, EROA correlate with symptoms and LA PALS, which itself predicts the occurrence of postoperative AF. Strain values were superior to 2D data for the prediction of postoperative AF.
The ontogeny of the olfactory system in ceratophryid frogs (Anura, Ceratophryidae)
Authors: Quinzio Silvia I. , Reiss John O. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe aquatic‐to‐terrestrial shift in the life cycle of most anurans suggests that the differences between the larval and adult morphology of the nose are required for sensory function in two media with different physical characteristics. However, a better controlled test of specialization to medium is to compare adult stages of terrestrial frogs with those that remain fully aquatic as adults. The Ceratophryidae is a monophyletic group of neotropical frogs whose diversification from a common terrestrial ancestor gave rise to both terrestrial (Ceratophrys, Chacophrys) and aquatic (Lepidobatrachus) adults. So, ceratophryids represent an excellent model to analyze the morphology and possible changes related to a secondary aquatic life. We describe the histomorphology of the nose during the ontogeny of the Ceratophryidae, paying particular attention to the condition in adult stages of the recessus olfactorius (a small area of olfactory epithelium that appears to be used for aquatic olfaction) and the eminentia olfactoria (a raised ridge on the floor of the principal cavity correlated with terrestrial olfaction). The species examined (Ceratophrys cranwelli, Chacophrys pierottii, Lepidobatrachus laevis, and L. llanensis) share a common larval olfactory organ composed by the principal cavity, the vomeronasal organ and the lateral appendix. At postmetamorphic stages, ceratophryids present a common morphology of the nose with the principal, middle, and inferior cavities with characteristics similar to other neobatrachians at the end of metamorphosis. However, in advanced adult stages, Lepidobatrachus laevis presents a recessus olfactorius with a heightened (peramorphic) development and a rudimentary (paedomorphic) eminentia olfactoria. Thus, the adult nose in Lepidobatrachus laevis arises from a common developmental ‘terrestrial’ pathway up to postmetamorphic stages, when its ontogeny leads to a distinctive morphology related to the evolutionarily derived, secondarily aquatic life of adults of this lineage.
Revisiting the Anionic Polymerization of Methyl Ethacrylate
Authors: Kennemur Justin G. , Bates Frank S. , Hillmyer Marc A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSynthesis of poly(methyl ethacrylate), (PMEA), in tetrahydrofuran at −78 °C using anionic polymerization techniques results in high molar mass (>30 kg mol−1), low dispersity (1.3), and high conversion (>81%). The molar masses of a series of samples are consistent with values anticipated by the monomer‐to‐initiator ratio and conversion. These results represent a significant improvement to earlier reported attempts to prepare PMEA using anionic methods. Successful diblock polymerization of polystyrene‐block‐PMEA, (PS‐PMEA), and poly(4‐tert‐butylstyrene)‐block‐PMEA, (PtBS‐PMEA), is achieved through sequential anionic polymerization techniques with dispersities as low as 1.06 and segment molar fractions close to those targeted. Broad principal scattering peaks observed by small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) for symmetric PS‐PMEA at relatively high molar mass (39 kg mol−1) suggests an effective interaction parameter (χeff) that is smaller than for PS‐block‐poly(methyl methacrylate). On the other hand, PtBS‐PMEA block polymers form a well‐ordered morphology based on SAXS measurements and is attributable to the more hydrophobic PtBS segment. These results confirm the viability of PMEA as a new constituent in the expanding suite of polymers suitable for preparing nanostructured block polymers.
Novel Castor Oil‐Derived Block Copolymers as Promising Candidates for Biological Applications: Biorelevant and Biocompatible
Authors: Nerantzaki Maria , Adam Kyriakos‐Vasileios , Koliakou Iro , Skoufa Eirini , Avgeropoulos Apostolos , Papageorgiou George Z. , Bikiaris Dimitrios 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe castor oil‐derived fatty acid (thioether‐containing ω‐hydroxyacid) is obtained using the UV‐catalyzed thiol‐Michael addition and is used for the first time as a monomer, for the development of biorelevant copolymers based on ε‐caprolactone, methoxy‐poly(ethylene glycol), and poly(ethylene glycol). Proton nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and size exclusion chromatography, confirm the successful synthesis of diblock and triblock copolymers with very narrow molecular weight distributions. X‐ray diffractometry, polarizing light microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry, suggest that crystallization of the crystalline block chains is restricted within the microphase‐separated morphology and that it is strongly affected by the competition between the two semicrystalline blocks. Moreover, thermogravimetric analysis reveals that the thermal properties of the copolymers are intermediate between those of their parent homopolymers. Regardless of their block composition, the biorelevant copolyesters do not exhibit apparent cytotoxicity, according to the (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) and fluorescence microscopy assays.
Regional analysis and genetic association of nigrostriatal degeneration in Lewy body disease
Authors: Kasanuki Koji , Heckman Michael G. , Diehl Nancy N. , Murray Melissa E. , Koga Shunsuke , Soto Alexandra , Ross Owen A. , Dickson Dennis W. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundA number of genetic loci are associated with risk for Parkinson's disease (PD) based on genome‐wide association studies; however, the relationship between genetic variants and nigrostriatal degeneration, which is the structural correlate of parkinsonism, has not been reported.ObjectivesWe quantified nigrostriatal dopaminergic integrity with image analysis of putaminal tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in 492 brains with Lewy body disease and used this pathologic endophenotype to explore possible association with PD genetic variants.MethodsThe study cases had Lewy‐related pathology and variable degrees of nigrostriatal degeneration. They were assigned to one of the following clinical subgroups according to their predominant clinical syndrome: parkinsonism‐predominant, parkinsonism+dementia, and dementia‐predominant. In addition to putaminal tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity, semiquantitative scoring was used to assess substantia nigra neuronal loss. A total of 29 PD genetic risk variants were genotyped on each case.ResultsWhen compared with controls, tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity was reduced in Lewy body cases in the dorsolateral (79%) and ventromedial (57%) putamen. The dorsolateral region was better preserved in dementia‐predominant cases than in cases with parkinsonism. Dorsolateral putaminal tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity correlated with neuronal loss in the ventrolateral substantia nigra. Genetic analyses showed no significant association of PD risk variants with putaminal tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity.ConclusionsThe results confirm regional differences in putaminal dopaminergic degeneration and vulnerability of nigrostriatal pathway in Lewy body disorders with parkinsonism. The lack of association with PD genetic risk variants suggests that they may not be associated with quantitative endophenotypes of nigrostriatal degeneration, but more likely related to the risk of disease per se. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Meta‐Governance of Partnerships for Sustainable Development: Actors' Perspectives from Kenya
Authors: Beisheim Marianne , Ellersiek Anne , Goltermann Lukas , Kiamba Pauline 
Published: September 2017

SummaryThe 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development promotes multi‐stakeholder partnerships (MSPs) as a means of implementation while at the same time putting renewed focus on the need for national‐level ownership and implementation. Despite the fact that an ever growing body of literature on the merits and drawbacks of MSPs delineates several success conditions for partnerships, efforts to translate this knowledge into national‐level meta‐governance for MSPs remain marginal to date. This study outlines the benefits the literature alleges for such “meta‐governance” frameworks, before it uses a country‐level study with a series of stakeholder interviews to take a closer look at national‐level context conditions and lessons learned with regard to two water partnerships in Kenya. Our findings suggest that to date the existing meta‐governance for partnerships in Kenya is rather weak and fragmented. Yet respondents support the view that MSPs could benefit from such a framework, in particular regarding local ownership of MSPs and the potential to scale successful cases. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multilayer assembly of ionic starches on old corrugated container recycled cellulosic fibers
Authors: Rudi Hamidreza , Hamzeh Yahya , Garmaroody Esmaeil Rasooly , Petroudy Seyed Rahman Djafari , Nazhad Mousa M 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this study, old corrugated container recycled fibers were treated with polyelectrolyte multilayers consisting of biopolymer cationic starch with two degrees of substitution (DS) each in combination with one anionic starch. Pulp zeta potential, paper strength and the thin layer ellipsometry technique were applied to examine the influence of cationic starch DS on the formation of polyelectrolyte multilayers. The results indicated a significant interaction between the DS of cationic starch and the number of ionic starch layers formed. When low‐DS cationic starch was used, the pulp zeta potential and the paper strength increased significantly in assembling the first cationic layer. However, in depositing high‐DS cationic starch a greater zeta potential and a stronger influence on the paper strength were observed with a larger number of starch layers. This was confirmed by thin layer ellipsometry when a greater thickness of multilayers was achieved by employing high‐DS cationic starch to form a higher number of layers. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Outdoor photoluminescence imaging of photovoltaic modules with sunlight excitation
Authors: Bhoopathy Raghavi , Kunz Oliver , Juhl Mattias , Trupke Thorsten , Hameiri Ziv 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTo operate photovoltaic power plants at maximum capacity, it is desirable to identify cell or module failures in the field at the earliest possible stage. Currently used field inspection methods cannot detect many of the electronic defects that can be revealed with luminescence‐based techniques. In this work, photoluminescence images are acquired using the sun as the sole illumination source by separating the weak luminescence signal from the much stronger ambient sunlight signal. This is done by using an appropriate choice of optical filtering and modulation of the cells' bias between the normal operating point and open circuit condition. The switching is achieved by periodically changing the optical generation rate of at least one cell within the module. This changes the biasing condition of all other cells that are connected to the same bypass diode. This method has the advantage that it can deliver high quality images revealing electrical defects in individual cells and entire modules, without requiring any changes to the electrical connections of the photovoltaic system.
One‐pot synthesis of hyperbranched polyamines based on novel amino glycidyl ether
Authors: Ahn Gyunhyeok , Kweon Songa , Yang Chungmi , Hwang Ji Eun , Kim Kyuseok , Kim Byeong‐Su 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTWe report a one‐pot synthesis of hyperbranched polyglycerols possessing amino functionality by using a novel Boc‐protected aminoethanol glycidyl ether monomer (BAG). A series of hyperbranched Boc‐protected polyamino glycerols (PBAG) were prepared through a one‐pot anionic ring opening multibranching polymerization to yield PBAG with controlled molecular weights (3500–17400 g/mol). Subsequent deprotection of PBAG yielded hyperbranched polyamino glycerols (PAG) with a globular polymeric structure that comprises a randomly branched structure with a large number of functional amine and hydroxyl groups. 1H, 13C, and 15N‐NMR, GPC, and MALDI‐TOF measurements confirmed the successful polymerization of the hyperbranched PAG polymers. With its superior biocompatibility of PAG, we anticipate the prospective potentials for the applications in biological and biomedical fields. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 4013–4019
The American cockroach peptide periplanetasin‐4 inhibits Clostridium difficile toxin A‐induced cell toxicities and inflammatory responses in the mouse gut
Authors: Yoon I Na , Lu Li Fang , Hong Ji , Zhang Peng , Kim Dae Hong , Kang Jin Ku , Hwang Jae Sam , Kim Ho 
Published: September 2017

Many reports have shown that crude extracts of the American cockroach have therapeutic effects on inflammation. In a previous study, our research group showed that an antimicrobial peptide (Periplanetasin‐2) derived from the American cockroach via de novo transcriptome analysis inhibited apoptosis of human colonocytes and inflammatory responses of the mouse gut caused by Clostridium difficile toxin A. Here, we examined whether Periplanetasin‐4 (Peri‐4), another antimicrobial peptide identified via de novo transcriptome analysis of the American cockroach, could also inhibit the various toxicities induced by C. difficile toxin A. We found that Peri‐4 significantly reduced the cell viability loss and cell apoptosis caused by toxin A in vitro. Peri‐4 also ameliorated the severe inflammatory responses seen in the toxin A‐induced mouse enteritis model, rescuing the villus disruption and interleukin‐6 production induced by luminal injection of toxin A into the mouse gut. Mechanistically, we found that Peri‐4 could reduce toxin A‐induced reactive oxygen species production to inhibit the activations of p38MAPK and p21Cip1/Waf1, which are critical for the cell damages induced by toxin A. These results collectively suggest that the Peri‐4 may be a potential therapeutic agent for treating toxin A‐induced pseudomembranous colitis. Copyright © 2017 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Critical Review on Phytochemistry, Pharmacology of Viola odorata L. and Related Multipotential Products in Traditional Persian Medicine
Authors: Feyzabadi Zohre , Ghorbani Fariba , Vazani Yasaman , Zarshenas Mohammad M. 
Published: September 2017

Common violet (Viola odorata L., Violaceae) has shown various medical applications. Current study aimed to compile a review over chemical composition and medicinal properties of this plant in modern phytotherapy and its related multipotential products from traditional Persian medicine (TPM). Medicinal applications of V. odorata and respective products were derived from credible pharmaceutical textbooks of TPM (10th–18th century AD). In parallel, electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect were explored for targeted purposes. Management of cough, fever, common cold, headache, insomnia, epilepsy, constipation, palpitation, dyspnea, dysuria, and skin diseases is of most applications of V. odorata, reported in TPM. On the other side, this herb plant has exerted antiinflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, diuretic, antihypertensive, and antibacterial activities in modern phytotherapy. Violet TPM therapeutic preparations are including violet oil in the form of nasal or topical application for neurologic and skin disorders as well as pill, decoction, sweet syrup, and confection or semisolid oral preparations for skin, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary ailments. Flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids are responsible for pharmacological activities. Some medical applications of V. odorata in TPM have been proven by recent studies. However, more studies are needed to confirm these medicinal properties. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.