bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Evidence From Newborn Chicks Enriches Our Knowledge on Human Spatial–Numerical Associations
Authors: Rugani Rosa , Vallortigara Giorgio , Priftis Konstantinos , Regolin Lucia 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNúñez and Fias raised concerns on whether our results demonstrate a linear number‐space mapping. Patro and Nuerk urge caution on the use of animal models to understand the origin (cultural vs. biological) of the orientation of spatial–numerical association. Here, we discuss why both objections are unfounded.
The impact of adult‐to‐adult living donor liver transplantation on transplant center outcomes reporting
Authors: Renz John F. , Diaz Geraldine C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) has released a 5‐tier performance ranking system based upon results of deceased‐donor and living‐donor liver transplantation.Materials and MethodsAn analysis of Spring 2017 SRTR Program Specific Reports for outcomes of adult living‐donor and deceased‐donor liver transplantation.ResultsUtilizing the current SRTR performance algorithm, living‐donor liver transplant results may disproportionately affect transplant center performance ranking.ConclusionImprovements in SRTR performance ranking including transparency in outcomes calculation, a calculating tool for transplant centers, and the potential reporting of living‐donor outcomes as a separate report are necessary.
Towards an Edible Museum: Exploring Foodways as Sociomuseological Practice in a South African Township
Authors: Vogts Elsa , Costandius Elmarie 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMuseum institutions are rarely recognised for their gastronomic potential, particularly in their efforts to draw culturally diverse audiences. This article unpacks the possibility of exploring foodways through a sociomuseological practice, with the aim to facilitate cross‐cultural interaction and tolerance. Following an action research methodology, this study explored the possibility of transforming a township restaurant in a marginalised community in South Africa, into an “edible museum” – a restaurant with sociomuseological aims. The results, however, indicated that the formalisation of the restaurant space in this context further exaggerated cultural difference rather than attempting its engagement towards tolerance through museological means. It is proposed that the “edible museum” concept lends itself to be envisioned as a process, rather than a physical space, through which museum professionals and educators may network with existing food communities and sites towards a sensory interpretation of cross‐cultural tolerance both inside their galleries and within broader communities.
Using 3D Printing to Enhance Understanding and Engagement with Young Audiences: Lessons from Workshops in a Museum
Authors: Turner Hannah , Resch Gabby , Southwick Daniel , McEwen Rhonda , Dubé Adam K. , Record Isaac 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper details findings from a collaborative research project that studied children learning to 3D print in a museum, and provides an overview of the study design to improve related future programs. We assessed young visitors’ capacity to grasp the technical specificities of 3D printing, as well as their engagement with the cultural history of shoemaking through the museum's collection. Combining the museum's existing pedagogical resources with hands‐on technology experiences designed by Semaphore researchers, this study enabled both researchers and museum education staff to evaluate the use of 3D‐driven curriculum and engagement materials designed for children visiting cultural heritage museums. This study raises critical questions regarding the practicality of deploying 3D media to engage young learners in museums, and this paper illuminates the challenges in developing models for children to put historical and contextual information into practice.
Comparison of subjective wellbeing in substance users and the parents or partners of substance users
Authors: Tait Robert J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIntroduction and AimsThere is growing interest in the impact of substance use on both the individual consumer's subjective wellbeing (SWB) and the reduced SWB of those closely connected to him or her. The study aimed to compare SWB among substance users (‘consumers’) and the parents or partners affected by another's substance use, and to evaluate the effect of counselling on changed SWB to 6 months.Design and MethodsThe study used longitudinal data from a not‐for‐profit treatment service based in Perth, Australia. Subjective wellbeing was assessed with the Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI) at baseline and 6 months. Data were compared to national norms (mean 75.97) with one sample t tests. Change in PWI scores was assessed with generalised linear mixed models, controlling for age, gender, group (consumers versus parents or partners), psychological distress (Kessler‐10) and social connectedness (Lubben).ResultsOf 220 participants, 136 (62%) were consumers and 84 (38%) were parents or partners. At 6 months 123 (56%) were re‐interviewed. At baseline, both consumers (mean 53.7) and parents or partners (mean 66.1) had significantly lower PWI scores than national norms. At 6 months, only the substance users’ PWI scores remained significantly lower (mean 67.8). Subjective wellbeing significantly increased with time (β = 5.52; 95% confidence interval 3.15, 7.90), with no significant time by group interaction.Discussion and ConclusionsBoth groups showed significant decrements in SWB compared with the general population but with improvements over the study period. However, the lack of a control group prevents definitive assertions on causality for improved SWB.
The development of morphological representations in young readers: a cross‐modal priming study
Authors: Quémart Pauline , Gonnerman Laura M. , Downing Jennifer , Deacon S. Hélène 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe way children organize words in their memory has intrigued many researchers in the past 20 years. Given the large number of morphologically complex words in many languages, the influence of morphemes on this organization is being increasingly examined. The aim of this study was to understand how morphemic information influences English‐speaking children's word recognition. Children in grades 3 and 5 were asked to complete a lexical decision priming task. Prime‐target pairs varied in semantic similarity, with low (e.g.,belly‐bell), moderate (e.g.,lately‐late), and high similarity relations (e.g.,boldly‐bold). There were also word pairs similar in form only (e.g.,spinach‐spin) and in semantics only (e.g.,garbage‐trash). Primes were auditory and targets were presented visually. Analyses of children's lexical decision times revealed graded priming effects as a function of the convergence of form and meaning. These results indicate that developing readers do not necessarily need to lexicalize morphological units to facilitate word recognition. Their ability to process the morphological structure of words depends on their ability to develop connections between form and meaning.
Olfactory eavesdropping: The odor of feathers is detectable to mammalian predators and competitors
Authors: Mihailova Milla , Berg Mathew L. , Buchanan Katherine L. , Bennett Andrew T. D. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe role of olfactory eavesdropping in interactions between mammalian predator and prey species is well established. Bird plumage can be odorous and consequently nest predators could use odor to identify and locate avian prey, and nest competitors could use odor to assess occupancy of nest cavities by birds. However, despite extensive research on avian nest predation and competition, the costs of olfactory eavesdropping on plumage odor by nest predators or competitors remain largely unknown. We used two experiments to investigate whether feather odor is detected by marsupial species which are competitors for nest hollows and predators of eggs and nestlings of crimson rosellas, Platycercus elegans. In the first experiment, odor presentation at nest boxes utilized by ringtail possums (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) and rosellas showed that the latency of possums to enter the nest was shorter when crimson rosella odor was present compared to the controls. In the second experiment, carried out away from nest hollows, brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) discriminated odors of two predators (dingo, Canis lupus dingo, and cat, Felis catus) from crimson rosella and control odors; however, they did not discriminate between crimson rosella odor and a control. We show that marsupials may use feather odor cues to assess nest hollow status, information which could aid their detection of avian prey or their vigilance at nest hollows (for which they compete with parrots). To our knowledge, our study is the first to show that wild mammalian predators and competitors of birds respond to plumage odor at nests and suggest that odor signaling may have hitherto unrecognized costs for birds.
Importance of wing movements for information transfer during honey bee waggle dance
Authors: Łopuch Sylwia , Tofilski Adam 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThere is growing evidence indicating that dancing honeybees can transfer some information about the found food source by means of wing movements. However, the available data are limited and inconclusive in the case of the frequency of wing beats. Therefore, in this study, the hypothesis that the wing beats convey information about the foraging distance was re‐examined. Honeybee dances were recorded using a high‐speed camera, and foraging distances were decoded from the duration of waggle phases. Dancing honeybees moved their wings for almost half (47%) of the duration of waggle phases. The number of wing‐beating pulses and the combined duration of wing beating were strongly positively correlated with the duration of waggle phases (p < .0014), whereas the mean frequency of wing beats, the mean duration of wing‐beating pulses and the mean number of wing beats in one wing‐beating pulse were not correlated with the duration of waggle phases (p > .05). Nevertheless, both the mean frequency of wing beats and the mean number of wing beats in one wing‐beating pulse were positively correlated with the mean frequency of abdomen waggles (p < .0014). They were also positively correlated with the mean frequency of wing‐beating pulses (p < .0014). The correlation matrix revealed that there were two groups of dance components that were positively correlated within groups, but negatively correlated between groups. One of the groups provided information about distance to the food source. We hypothesise that the other group, including the number of wing beats in one pulse, the frequency of wing beats, the frequency of wing‐beating pulses and the frequency of abdomen waggles, may provide information about the motivational state of foragers.
Assessing trait‐based scaling theory in tropical forests spanning a broad temperature gradient
Authors: Enquist Brian J. , Bentley Lisa Patrick , Shenkin Alexander , Maitner Brian , Savage Van , Michaletz Sean , Blonder Benjamin , Buzzard Vanessa , Espinoza Tatiana Erika Boza , Farfan‐Rios William , Doughty Christopher E. , Goldsmith Gregory R. , Martin Roberta E. , Salinas Norma , Silman Miles , Díaz Sandra , Asner Gregory P. , Malhi Yadvinder 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimTropical elevation gradients are natural laboratories to assess how changing climate can influence tropical forests. However, there is a need for theory and integrated data collection to scale from traits to ecosystems. We assess predictions of a novel trait‐based scaling theory, including whether observed shifts in forest traits across a broad tropical temperature gradient are consistent with local phenotypic optima and adaptive compensation for temperature.LocationAn elevation gradient spanning 3,300 m and consisting of thousands of tropical tree trait measures taken from 16 1‐ha tropical forest plots in southern Perú, where gross and net primary productivity (GPP and NPP) were measured.Time periodApril to November 2013.Major taxa studiedPlants; tropical trees.MethodsWe developed theory to scale from traits to communities and ecosystems and tested several predictions. We assessed the covariation between climate, traits, biomass and GPP and NPP. We measured multiple traits linked to variation in tree growth and assessed their frequency distributions within and across the elevation gradient. We paired these trait measures across individuals within 16 forests with simultaneous measures of ecosystem net and gross primary productivity.ResultsConsistent with theory, variation in forest NPP and GPP primarily scaled with forest biomass, but the secondary effect of temperature on productivity was much less than expected. This weak temperature dependence appears to reflect directional shifts in several mean community traits that underlie tree growth with decreases in site temperature.Main conclusionsThe observed shift in traits of trees that dominate in more cold environments is consistent with an ‘adaptive/acclimatory’ compensation for the kinetic effects of temperature on leaf photosynthesis and tree growth. Forest trait distributions across the gradient showed overly peaked and skewed distributions, consistent with the importance of local filtering of optimal growth traits and recent shifts in species composition and dominance attributable to warming from climate change. Trait‐based scaling theory provides a basis to predict how shifts in climate have and will influence the trait composition and ecosystem functioning of tropical forests.
Functional Parallelism of Detailed and Rough Speech Processing at the End of Infancy
Authors: Teickner Claudia , Becker Angelika B. C. , Schild Ulrike , Friedrich Claudia K. 
Published: October 2017

Although realization of the same speech sound is far from being consistent across different contexts, speech recognition has to rely on phonetic detail in order to detect words. So far, it appeared that young infants cannot avoid noticing subtle speech sound variation whenever it occurs. Only later on, they are able to tolerate speech sound variation in some word recognition tasks. Here, we test whether this ability is associated with the time infants start storing their first word forms. We recorded event‐related potentials (ERPs) in a priming paradigm. German words (targets) followed syllables (primes) with a different amount of phoneme overlap. We tested infants at three, six, and nine months after birth.ERPs reflected sensitivity to prime‐target variation in a single phoneme in three‐month‐olds, tolerance to this in six‐month‐olds, and both processing aspects in nine‐month‐olds. Our findings reveal individual developmental priorities for different aspects of speech processing, with very detailed speech processing dominating at around 3 months, rough processing dominating at around half a year after birth, and an architecture of parallel rough and detailed processing at around 9 months. Functional parallelism at the end of infancy might explain the heterogeneous pattern of results regarding the degree of acoustic detail that toddlers appear to consider at different ages and across different paradigms.
Do leading indicators forecast U.S. recessions? A nonlinear re‐evaluation using historical data
Authors: Plakandaras Vasilios , Cunado Juncal , Gupta Rangan , Wohar Mark E. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper analyses to what extent a selection of leading indicators is able to forecast U.S. recessions, by means of both dynamic probit models and Support Vector Machine (SVM) models, using monthly data from January 1871 to June 2016. The results suggest that the probit models predict U.S. recession periods more accurately than SVM models up to six months ahead, while the SVM models are more accurate over longer horizons. Furthermore, SVM models appear to distinguish between recessions and tranquil periods better than probit models do. Finally, the most accurate forecasting models are those that include oil, stock returns and the term spread as leading indicators.
African origin and global distribution patterns: Evidence inferred from phylogenetic and biogeographical analyses of ectomycorrhizal fungal genus Strobilomyces
Authors: Han Li H. , Feng Bang , Wu Gang , Halling Roy E. , Buyck Bart , Yorou Nourou S. , Ebika Sydney T. N. , Yang Zhu L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimThe ectomycorrhizal genus Strobilomyces is widely distributed throughout many parts of the world, but its origin, divergence and distribution patterns remain largely unresolved. In this study, we aim to explore the species diversity, distribution and evolutionary patterns of Strobilomyces on a global scale by establishing a general phylogenetic framework with extensive sampling.LocationAfrica, Australasia, East Asia, Europe, North America, Central America and Southeast Asia.MethodsThe genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition method was used to delimit phylogenetic species. Divergence times were estimated using a Bayesian uncorrelated lognormal relaxed molecular clock. The ancestral area and host of Strobilomyces were inferred via the programs rasp and mesquite. The change of diversification rate over time was estimated using Ape, Laser and Bammtools software packages.ResultsWe recognize a novel African clade and 49 phylogenetic species with morphological evidence, including 18 new phylogenetic species and 23 previously described ones. Strobilomyces probably originated in Africa, in association with Detarioideae/Phyllanthaceae/Monotoideae during the early Eocene. The dispersal to Southeast Asia can be explained by Wolfe's “Boreotropical migration” hypothesis. East Asia, Australasia, Europe and North/Central America are primarily the recipients of immigrant taxa during the Oligocene or later. A rapid radiation implied by one diversification shift was inferred within Strobilomyces during the Miocene.Main conclusionsAn unexpected phylogenetic species diversity within Strobilomyces was uncovered. The highest diversity, resulting probably from a rapid radiation, was found in East Asia. Dispersal played an important role in the current distribution pattern of Strobilomyces. The Palaeotropical disjunction is explained by species dispersal from Africa to Southeast Asia through boreotropical forests during the early Eocene. Species from the Northern Hemisphere and Australasia are largely derived from immigrant ancestors from Southeast Asia.
Classification of Heat‐Related Illness Symptoms Among Florida Farmworkers
Authors: Mutic Abby D. , Mix Jacqueline M. , Elon Lisa , Mutic Nathan J. , Economos Jeannie , Flocks Joan , Tovar‐Aguilar Antonio J. , McCauley Linda A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundFarmworkers working in hot and humid environments have an increased risk for heat‐related illness (HRI) if their thermoregulatory capabilities are overwhelmed. The manifestation of heat‐related symptoms can escalate into life‐threatening events. Increasing ambient air temperatures resulting from climate change will only exacerbate HRI in vulnerable populations. We characterize HRI symptoms experienced by farmworkers in three Florida communities.MethodsA total of 198 farmworkers enrolled in 2015–2016 were asked to recall if they experienced seven HRI symptoms during the previous work week. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between selected sociodemographic characteristics and reporting three or more symptoms. Latent class analysis was used to identify classes of symptoms representing the HRI severity range. We examined sociodemographic characteristics of the farmworkers across the latent classes.ResultsThe mean age (±SD) of farmworkers was 38.0 (±8) years; the majority were female (60%) and Hispanic (86%). Most frequently reported symptoms were heavy sweating (66%), headache (58%), dizziness (32%), and muscle cramps (30%). Females had three times the odds of experiencing three or more symptoms (OR = 2.86, 95% CI 1.18–6.89). Symptoms fell into three latent classes, which included mild (heavy sweating; class probability = 54%), moderate (heavy sweating, headache, nausea, and dizziness; class probability = 24%), and severe (heavy sweating, headache, nausea, dizziness, muscle cramps; class probability = 22%).ConclusionsFarmworkers reported a high burden of HRI symptoms that appear to cluster in physiologic patterns. Unrecognized accumulation of symptoms can escalate into life‐threatening situations if untreated. Our research can inform interventions to promote early recognition of HRI, on‐site care, and appropriate occupational health policy. Administrative or engineering workplace controls may also reduce the manifestation of HRI.Clinical RelevanceThis study advances the current knowledge of HRI symptoms in farmworkers and moves beyond reporting individual symptoms by utilizing latent class analysis to identify how symptoms tend to co‐occur together in this population. It acknowledges multiple symptoms occurring as a result of occupational heat exposure and highlights the importance of symptom recognition.
Long‐term use of proton pump inhibitors, dose–response relationship and associated risk of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction
Authors: Sehested T. S. G. , Gerds T. A. , Fosbøl E. L. , Hansen P. W. , Charlot M. G. , Carlson N. , Hlatky M. A. , Torp‐Pedersen C. , Gislason G. H. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundUse of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) has been associated with cardiovascular disease amongst patients not on antiplatelet therapy. The associations of PPI use, duration and dose, with risk of first‐time ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) are poorly understood.MethodsAll Danish individuals with no prior history of MI or stroke, who had an elective upper gastrointestinal endoscopy performed between 1997 and 2012, were identified from nationwide registries. We used multiple Poisson regression to test associations with current PPI use and its dose and used multiple cause‐specific Cox regression and g‐formula methods to analyze long‐term use.ResultsAmongst 214 998 individuals, during a median follow‐up of 5.8 years, there were 7916 ischemic strokes and 5608 MIs. Current PPI exposure was associated with significantly higher rates of both ischemic stroke (Hazard ratio (HR) 1.13; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–1.19) and MI (HR 1.31, CI 1.23–1.39) after adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities and concomitant medication. High‐dose PPI was associated with increased rates of ischemic stroke (HR 1.31, CI 1.21–1.42) and MI (HR 1.43, CI 1.30–1.57). Histamine H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) use was not significantly associated with ischemic stroke (HR 1.02, CI 0.84–1.24) or MI (HR 1.15, CI 0.92–1.43). Long‐term users of PPIs, compared with nonusers, had a 29% (CI 5%‐59%) greater absolute risk of ischemic stroke and a 36% (CI 7%‐73%) greater risk of MI within a 6‐month period.ConclusionUse of PPIs was associated with increased risks of first‐time ischemic stroke and MI, particularly amongst long‐term users and at high doses.