bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NOTAS PARA PENSAR AS CRISES AMBIENTAIS A PARTIR DO MUNDO COLONIAL E DA ARTE CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Bulhões Maria Amelia 
Published: October 2024

Resumo: Frente à emergência das crises climáticas e perspectivas de fim de mundo exploradas por muitos autores, este artigo parte das discussões propostas por Malcom Ferdinand e Ticio Escobar para pensar nas consequências da colonialidade e suas reverberações na arte contemporânea. Enquanto Ferdinand desenvolve o conceito de ecologia decolonial, Escobar explora a noção de aura latente, podendo ideias serem consideradas como atualizações das teorias marxistas a partir do mundo colonial. Neste texto, e partir das teorias desenvolvidas por ambos, destaco obras dos artistas visuais Grada Kilomba, Ayrson Herácito, Daiara Tukano e Glicéria Tupinambá, que se estabelecem como práticas artísticas contracoloniais, dialogando com os conceitos e reflexões desenvolvidos por estes autores
ATIVAR A IMAGINAÇÃO CRÍTICA EM TORNO DOS SIGNOS
Authors: Ribeiro Cavalcanti Raíza 
Published: October 2024

Neste texto, Nelly Richard realiza uma análise crítica da obra de Lotty Rosenfeld, enfatizando o período das décadas de 1970 a 1980 de produção da artista. A partir da elaboração de núcleos de análise, Richard conecta diferentes trabalhos, dos mais icônicos aos menos conhecidos, traçando a partir dos distintos contextos e formatos de cada um, seus sentidos compartilhados. Durante o ensaio, Richard elabora uma profunda reflexão sobre a trajetória artística de Lotty Rosenfeld, enfatizando tanto seu período como parte do movimento de arte avançada chileno (durante sua participação no Grupo CADA), como a sua participação política no movimento feminista “Mujeres por la Vida”, encontrando no político a linha que conecta a trajetória de vida e artística de Rosenfeld. Este texto foi publicado originalmente no catálogo "Lotty Rosenfeld: entrecruces de la memoria (1979-2020)” da mostra retrospectiva de Lotty Rosenfeld - curada por Nelly Richard com investigação de Mariairis Flores- realizada no Museu Nacional de Bellas Artes (Santiago, Chile) em setembro de 2023, no contexto das comemorações dos cinquenta anos do golpe de estado de 1973. A reprodução deste texto foi autorizada pela autora e conta com a tradução de Raíza Cavalcanti.
Improving Biomedical Science Literacy and Patient-Directed Knowledge of Tuberculosis (TB): A Cross-Sectional Infodemiology Study Examining Readability of Patient-Facing TB Information
Authors: Shannon Caoimhe , Millar Beverley C. , Moore John E. 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) continues be the leading cause of death globally due to an infectious agent. There is a paucity of data describing the readability of patient-facing TB information for service users. The aim of this study was to calculate the readability of multiple global TB information sources.MethodsInformation on tuberculosis (n = 150 sources) included nine categories, Patient-facing information: WHO publications (n = 17), International governments (n = 19), Hospitals (n = 10), Non-government organisations (NGOs)/charities (n = 20), Cochrane Plain Language Summaries (n = 20); LabTestsOnlineUK (n = 4) and Scientific-facing information: Clinical trials (n = 20), Cochrane abstracts (n = 20), Scientific abstracts (n = 20). Readability was calculated using Readable software, defined by (i) Flesch Reading Ease (FRE), (ii) Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), (iii) Gunning Fog Index and (iv) SMOG Index and two text metrics [words/sentence, syllables/word].ResultsMean readability values for TB information for the FRE and FKGL were 35.6 ± 1.6 (standard error of mean (SEM)) (US Target ≥60; UK Target ≥90) and 12.3 ± 0.3 (US Target ≤8; UK Target ≤6), respectively, with mean words per sentence and syllables per word of 17.2 and 1.8, respectively. Cochrane Plain Language Summaries had similar readability scores to their matching scientific abstract (p = 0.15). LabTestsOnlineUK yielded a mean FRE score of 51.5 ± 1.2, a mean FKGL score of 10.2 ± 0.5 and text metric scores of 16.7 ± 2.3 and 1.6, for words per sentence and syllables per word, respectively. In descending order, TB information from international governments, hospitals and LabTestsOnlineUK were the most readable (FRE = 57.9, 54.1 and 51.5, respectively), whereas scientific abstracts and Cochrane abstracts were the most difficult to read (13.0 and 30.2, respectively).ConclusionPatient-facing TB information analysed had poor readability. Effective communication of biomedical science concepts and information relating to TB is vital for service users to enhance their health literacy of tuberculosis, thereby promoting better clinical outcomes. Biomedical scientists are important custodians of scientific information for their service user populations, including other healthcare professionals within the TB multidisciplinary (MDT) team and patient service users. When preparing TB information, this should be checked and modified in real time employing readability calculators, to align with health readability targets.
Functionality of lyophilized osteoinductive EVs: a mechanistic study
Authors: Huang Chun-Chieh , Kang Miya , Debnath Koushik , Leung Kasey , Raghavan Vidhath , Lu Yu , Cooper Lyndon F. , Gajendrareddy Praveen , Ravindran Sriram 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionMesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC EVs) hold significant promise for regenerative medicine. Lyophilization of EVs significantly enhances their translational potential. While, lyophilized EVs have been studied from a morphological perspective, the functional stability of these EVs and their cargo following lyophilization need to be mechanistically investigated.MethodsIn this study, we investigated the functional and mechanistic bioactivity of fresh versus lyophilized MSC EVs, specifically focusing on functionally engineered osteoinductive EVs developed in our laboratory. We utilized dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a cryoprotectant and conducted pathway-specific in vitro and in vivo experiments to assess the stability and functionality of the EVs.ResultsOur findings show that using DMSO as a cryoprotectant before lyophilization preserves the functional stability of engineered MSC EVs. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the endocytosis, cargo integrity, and pathway-specific activity of lyophilized EVs were maintained when DMSO was used as the cryoprotectant. Additionally, in vivo bone regeneration studies revealed that the functionality of cryoprotected lyophilized EVs was comparable to that of freshly isolated EVs.DiscussionThese results provide a foundation for evaluating the functionality of lyophilized EVs and exploring the use of DMSO and other cryoprotectants in EV-based therapies. Understanding the functionality of lyophilized naïve and engineered EVs from a mechanistic perspective may enhance validation approaches for tissue regeneration strategies.
Causal relationships of familial hypercholesterolemia with the risk of multiple vitamin deficiencies: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Wei Gang , Zhou Huan , Liu Lin 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe causal relationship between familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and various vitamin deficiencies has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, this study investigated the cause-and-effect relationship between FH and the risk of multiple vitamin deficiencies in humans.MethodsMendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed by extracting six datasets for FH, FH with ischemic heart disease (IHD), and vitamin deficiency (vitamin A, thiamine, other B-group vitamins, and vitamin D) from the FinnGen study, covering a total of 329,115; 316,290; 354,932; 354,949; 355,411 and 355,238 individuals, respectively.ResultsFH was suggestively associated with higher odds of thiamine deficiency [inverse variance weighted odds ratio (ORIVW) 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.62 (1.03, 2.55), P = 0.036] and vitamin D deficiencies [ORIVW CI: 1.35 (1.04, 1.75), P = 0.024], low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) rs112898275 variant, rs11591147 and rs499883 in proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9), rs9644862 in cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2 B antisense RNA1 (CDKN2B-AS1), and rs142834163 in dedicator of cytokinesis 6 (DOCK6) and rs115478735 in ABO blood group (ABO) strongly influenced the risk of thiamine deficiency, while the rs7412 variant in apolipoprotein E (APOE) mostly influenced the risk of vitamin D deficiency. FH with IHD was suggestively associated with higher odds of vitamin D deficiency (ORIVW, weighted median [WM][95%CI]: 1.31 [1.05, 1.64]; 1.47 [1.10, 1.97]) (P = 0.018; 0.010) without any single significant SNPs observed.ConclusionFH was positively associated with increased risks of thiamine and vitamin D deficiencies, revealing a prospective and unfortunate complication of FH.
Analysis of risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy and construction of a prediction model based on Lasso regression
Authors: Yu Zikai , Zhao Sue , Cao Jing , Xie Hebin 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) in patients with type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in Hunan Province, and establish and verify the prediction model.MethodsThis was a retrospective study involving 4908 patients, all patients were randomly divided into the training dataset(3436 cases)and the validation dataset (1472 cases) in a ratio of 7:3. Electroneurogram, clinical signs,and symptoms were used to evaluate neuropathy. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to select the optimal factors, and multifactorial logistic regression analysis was used to build a clinical prediction model. Calibration plots, decision curve analysis (DCA), and subject work characteristic curves (ROC) were used to assess the predictive effects.ResultThe prevalence of PDPN was 33.2%, and the multivariate logistic regression model showed that peripheral artery disease, duration of diabetes, smoking, and HBA1c were independent risk factors for PDPN in patients with type 2 diabetes. ROC analysis results showed that the AUC of the established prediction model was 0.872 in the training dataset and 0.843 in the validation dataset. The calibration curve and decision curve show that the model has good consistency and significant net benefit.Conclusion33.2% of DPN patients had PDPN in Hunan Province, China. Peripheral artery disease, duration of diabetes, smoking, and HBA1c are risk factors for PDPN in patients with type 2 diabetes. The prediction model is based on the above factors, which can well predict the probability of PDPN.
Extracting metal oxide redox thermodynamics from TGA measurements requires moving beyond the linearized van ‘t Hoff approach
Authors: Wilson Steven A. , Sarsam Paul W. , Stechel Ellen B. , Muhich Christopher L. 
Published: October 2024

Thermodynamic modeling of metal oxide reduction is crucial for optimizing chemical processes and materials in systems dependent on off-stoichiometric reduction/re-oxidation cycling. Two prevalent methods for extracting reduction thermodynamics from thermogravimetric data are linearized van ‘t Hoff (VH) analysis and the compound energy formalism (CEF). This work evaluates the accuracy of these methods by constructing invertible ground truth thermodynamic models, generating hypothetical thermogravimetric data, and determining the reduction thermodynamic using both VH and CEF methods. Our findings reveal that the VH method produces absolute errors 3–5 times higher than the CEF in kJ/mol O or J/mol O K for enthalpy and entropy of reduction, respectively. In contrast, the CrossFit CEF (CF-CEF) method yields errors often less than 10 kJ/mol O or J/mol O K. Moreover, the CF-CEF method provides models based on mole fraction, temperature, and extent of reduction, while a typical VH analysis provides thermodynamics of only the specific compositions measured. Although simple to implement, the VH method suffers from significant, non-systematic errors due to entropy/enthalpy compensation and defect modeling. Consequently, we recommend the more complex but robust, CF-CEF method for extracting redox thermodynamics from thermogravimetric measurements.
The impact of trauma relevant concentrations of prostaglandin E2 on the anti-microbial activity of the innate immune system
Authors: Nicholson Thomas , Belli Antonio , Lord Janet M. , Hazeldine Jon 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe mechanisms underlying the state of systemic immune suppression that develops following major trauma are poorly understood. A post-injury increase in circulating levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has been proposed as a contributory factor, yet few studies have addressed how trauma influences PGE2 biology.MethodsBlood samples from 95 traumatically-injured patients (injury severity score ≥8) were collected across the pre-hospital (≤2 hours), acute (4-12 hours) and subacute (48-72 hours) post-injury settings. Alongside ex vivo assessments of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine production by monocytes, neutrophil reactive oxygen species production and phagocytosis, serum concentrations of PGE2 and its scavenger albumin were measured, and the expression of enzymes and receptors involved in PGE2 synthesis and signalling analysed. Leukocytes from trauma patients were treated with cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors (indomethacin or NS-398), or the protein kinase A inhibitor H89, to determine whether injury-induced immune suppression could be reversed by targeting the PGE2 pathway. The effect that trauma relevant concentrations of PGE2 had on the anti-microbial functions of neutrophils, monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from healthy controls (HC) was examined, as was the effect of PGE2 on efferocytosis. To identify factors that may trigger PGE2 production post-trauma, leukocytes from HC were treated with mitochondrial-derived damage associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs) and COX-2 expression and PGE2 generation measured.ResultsPGE2 concentrations peaked in blood samples acquired ≤2 hours post-injury and coincided with significantly reduced levels of albumin and impaired LPS-induced cytokine production by monocytes. Significantly higher COX-2 and phospholipase A2 expression was detected in neutrophils and/or peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from trauma patients. Treatment of patient leukocytes with indomethacin, NS-398 or H89 enhanced LPS-induced cytokine production and neutrophil extracellular trap generation. Exposure to physiological concentrations of PGE2 suppressed the anti-microbial activity of monocytes, neutrophils and MDMs of HC, but did not influence efferocytosis. In a formyl-peptide receptor-1 dependent manner, mtDAMP treatment significantly increased COX-2 protein expression in neutrophils and monocytes, which resulted in increased PGE2 production.ConclusionsPhysiological concentrations of PGE2 suppress the anti-microbial activities of neutrophils, monocytes and MDMs. Targeting the PGE2 pathway could be a therapeutic approach by which to enhance innate immune function post-injury.
Treatment of refractory immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy with efgartigimod
Authors: Yang MengTing , Yuan JingChu , Wang YiKang , Hao HongJun , Zhang Wei , Wang ZhaoXia , Yuan Yun , Zhao YaWen 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveWe aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of efgartigimod in patients with refractory immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM).MethodsThis open-label pilot observational study included seven patients with refractory IMNM, all of whom received intravenous efgartigimod treatment. The clinical response was assessed after 4 weeks of efgartigimod treatment according to the 2016 American College of Rheumatology–European League Against Rheumatism response criteria for adult idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. Serum levels of immunoglobulin as well as anti–signal recognition particle (SRP) and anti–3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) antibodies were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and commercial line immunoblot assays. Safety assessments included evaluations of adverse events and severe adverse events.ResultsThe seven patients with refractory IMNM included five cases with anti-HMGCR antibodies and two cases within anti-SRP antibodies. Four of the seven patients achieved clinical responses. The total improvement score for the responders at 4 weeks were 32.5, 40.0, 47.5, and 70.0, and those at 8 weeks were 27.5, 47.5, 57.5, and 70.0. In comparison to the responsive patients, the non-responsive patients had longer durations [8 (-) versus 2 (1–5) years, P = 0.03], and more chronic myopathic features by muscle biopsy (67% versus 0%, P = 0.046). Serum immunoglobulin G levels (11.2 ± 2.5 versus 5.7 ± 2.5, P = 0.007) and anti-HMGCR/SRP antibody levels (97.2 ± 6.9 versus 41.8 ± 16.8, P = 0.002) were decreased after treatment compared with baseline levels. Adverse events were reported in one of the seven patients, who showed mild headache.ConclusionsDespite its small size, our study demonstrated that promoting the degradation of endogenous immunoglobulin G may be effective for patients with IMNM. Efgartigimod may be a promising option for cases of refractory IMNM to shorten duration and minimize chronic myopathic features.
Environmental triggers of pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid: a case control study
Authors: Stone Corey , Bak Grace , Oh Daniel , Zhao Cathy , Venugopal Supriya , Kumar Kuldeep , Murrell Dedee F. 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundPrevious case–control studies have suggested that environmental factors including exposure to pesticides and organic materials, diet and medications have an important role in the pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris. These studies lacked geographical population controls and had less than three controls per case.ObjectiveTo identify environmental and occupational risk factors associated with the development of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and bullous pemphigoid (BP).MethodCases were patients with PV (n = 25) and BP (n = 29) recruited from 2009 to 2017. Controls for PV (n = 72) and BP (n = 84) were recruited from the general population via electoral commission matching, matched for age, sex, residential location, and ethnicity. Data about demographics, environmental exposures and occupational exposures, was collected using a structured questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression analysis was undertaken using SPSS software to identify significant variables.ResultsSignificant factors associated with PV included the daily consumption of leeks (odds ratio (OR) 3.6; p = 0.025), mustard oil (OR = 4.4; p = 0.049), tomatoes (OR = 4.735; p = 0.032), multivitamins (OR 3.6; p = 0.009), alcohol (0.039), and calcium supplements (OR = 44, p &lt; 0.001). Other associated factors included the number of lifetime sunburns (p = 0.019), high levels of mental stress (p &lt; 0.001), and the use of lime household cleaning products (p &lt; 0.001), Significant factors associated with BP included the daily consumption of green or herbal tea (OR = 3.7; p = 0.004), fish oil (OR = 5.7; p &lt; 0.001), calcium supplements (OR = 6.1; p &lt; 0.001), multivitamins (OR = 2.6; p = 0.043), and glucosamine (OR = 3.0; p = 0.046). The use of lime household cleaning products (p &lt; 0.001) and high levels of mental stress (p = 0.007) were also associated with BP.ConclusionDietary factors containing thiol groups such as leeks, tomatoes, and mustard oil may be potential triggers for PV. High levels of mental stress, the use of supplementary medications such as calcium and multivitamins, and chemical cleaning products containing lime may be associated with an increased risk of developing both PV and BP. Lifestyle changes should be part of routine management for these patients.
Impact of cannabis abuse on the occurrence of stroke in young people: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Dongxue , Yang Liu , Liu Peiqi , Wang Yujiao , Gao Lan 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe occurrence of stroke in young people has risen significantly. This can easily lead to physical disabilities, swallowing difficulties, and cognitive impairment, among other issues, having a profound impact on families and society. Risk factors for stroke in young people differ from those for traditional stroke, with cannabis abuse emerging as a significant high-risk factor. However, the extent of the impact of cannabis abuse on the occurrence of stroke and the rate of disability in young people remains unclear. To clarify this issue and provide evidence supporting the primary prevention of stroke in young people, this systematic review and meta-analysis summarizes the latest findings from previous studies.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases was conducted until April 2023. The review included observational studies comparing stroke risk estimates between cannabis abusers and non-users.ResultsThis review included six observational studies focusing on cannabis abuse, involving 119,284,152 participants. A significant association was found between cannabis abuse and an increased risk of stroke [OR = 1.14, 95% CI (1.08, 1.20)]. However, there was substantial heterogeneity among the studies (I2 = 89%, p &lt; 0.001). After adjusting for confounders such as smoking and alcohol abuse, we found a stronger association between cannabis abuse and stroke in young adults [OR = 1.21, 95% CI (1.12, 1.29)]. Subgroup analyses revealed no significant difference in stroke risk between ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes (p = 0.43).ConclusionThe results of our systematic review and meta-analysis showed that cannabis abuse has a more significant effect on the occurrence of stroke in young people; however, it was not possible to distinguish whether cannabis abuse is more likely to cause ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Further research is needed to explore the impact of different drug types, dosages, and behaviors on stroke risk.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, Identifier CRD42023443261.
Effects of vagal nerve stimulation parameters on heart rate variability in epilepsy patients
Authors: Genç Ahmet , Uçan Tokuç Firdevs Ezgi , Korucuk Meltem 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionVagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is used as an alternative treatment in drug-resistant epilepsy patients. Effects of VNS on the cardiac autonomic system are controversial. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between VNS parameters and heart rate variability (HRV) in epilepsy patients who underwent VNS treatment.MethodsOur study included 31 patients who underwent VNS for drug-resistant epilepsy. Patients were divided into groups according to response to VNS and VNS parameters. All patients underwent 24-h Holter ECG.ResultsThe mean age of 31 VNS-treated epilepsy patients included in the study was 33.87 ± 7.6 years. When patients were grouped according to VNS response, 25 patients were in the VNS responder group and six patients were in the VNS-nonresponder group. When comparing Holter parameters in the VNS responder and non-responder groups, the median HF was significantly lower in the VNS responder group. VNS duration and signal frequency had a positive effect on LF/HF, while output and off time had a negative effect on LF/HF. When ROC analysis was performed to determine the cut-off values of the parameters for the VNS-responsive state, the AUC value of the HF parameter was 0.780, which was statistically significant. The cut-off value to distinguish response to VNS was 156.9.ConclusionIn conclusion, the effects of VNS parameters on HRV parameters are quite complex. However, the conclusion is that VNS is a neuromodulation method that affects the autonomic system in a complex way. Different levels of VNS parameters may also contribute to this effect. Furthermore, HRV parameters can be used as biomarkers to predict the patient population that may benefit from VNS.