bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Line‐item vetoes as a coordination mechanism
Authors: Palanza Valeria , Sin Gisela , Reynolds Evangeline 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAlthough presidential vetoes are central to the legislative process, the role of total versus line item vetoes (LIV) is largely unclear. While total vetoes are a sign of conflict between the branches, as the literature has emphasized, we argue that LIV function as a negative agenda setting mechanism that enables presidents to coordinate within their coalition. To test our argument, we use an original dataset on all statutes and executive decrees approved and vetoed in Brazil for the period 1988–2010. In both, statutes and decrees, we show that while total vetoes occur when conflict between branches is stronger, LIV happen when such conflict is minimal and presidents have tight control over their coalition. The results are robust across dependent variables, model specifications, and estimation strategies. Our findings highlight that while the total veto is a blunt bargaining mechanism, the LIV provides a scalpel, a much finer tool that helps presidents manage and sustain their congressional coalition.
Nitrogen nutrition effects on δ13C of plant respired CO2 are mostly caused by concurrent changes in organic acid utilisation and remobilisation
Authors: Xia Yang , Lalande Julie , Badeck Franz‐W. , Girardin Cyril , Bathellier Camille , Gleixner Gerd , Werner Roland A. , Ghiasi Shiva , Faucon Mélodie , Cosnier Karen , Fresneau Chantal , Tcherkez Guillaume , Ghashghaie Jaleh 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNitrogen (N) nutrition impacts on primary carbon metabolism and can lead to changes in δ13C of respired CO2. However, uncertainty remains as to whether (1) the effect of N nutrition is observed in all species, (2) N source also impacts on respired CO2 in roots and (3) a metabolic model can be constructed to predict δ13C of respired CO2 under different N sources. Here, we carried out isotopic measurements of respired CO2 and various metabolites using two species (spinach, French bean) grown under different NH4+:NO3− ratios. Both species showed a similar pattern, with a progressive 13C‐depletion in leaf‐respired CO2 as the ammonium proportion increased, while δ13C in root‐respired CO2 showed little change. Supervised multivariate analysis showed that δ13C of respired CO2 was mostly determined by organic acid (malate, citrate) metabolism, in both leaves and roots. We then took advantage of nonstationary, two‐pool modelling that explained 73% of variance in δ13C in respired CO2. It demonstrates the critical role of the balance between the utilisation of respiratory intermediates and the remobilisation of stored organic acids, regardless of anaplerotic bicarbonate fixation by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and the organ considered.
Exposure of Arabidopsis thaliana Mutants to Genotoxic Stress Provides New Insights for the Involvement of TDP1α and TDP1β genes in DNA‐Damage Response
Authors: Pagano Paola , Bertoncini Anna , Pagano Andrea , Nisa Maher‐Un , Raynaud Cécile , Balestrazzi Alma , Macovei Anca 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTGenotoxic stress activates the DNA‐damage response (DDR) signalling cascades responsible for maintaining genome integrity. Downstream DNA repair pathways include the tyrosyl‐DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) enzyme that hydrolyses the phosphodiester bond between the tyrosine of topoisomerase I (TopI) and 3′‐phosphate of DNA. The plant TDP1 subfamily contains the canonical TDP1α gene and the TDP1β gene whose functions are not fully elucidated. The current study proposes to investigate the involvement of TDP1 genes in DDR‐related processes by using Arabidopsis thaliana mutants treated with genotoxic agents. The phenotypic and molecular characterization of tdp1α, tdp1β and tdp1α/β mutants treated with cisplatin (CIS), curcumin (CUR), NSC120686 (NSC), zeocin (ZEO), and camptothecin (CPT), evidenced that while tdp1β was highly sensitive to CIS and CPT, tdp1α was more sensitive to NSC. Gene expression analyses showing upregulation of the TDP2 gene in the double mutant indicate the presence of compensatory mechanisms. The downregulation of POL2A gene in the tdp1β mutant along with the upregulation of the TDP1β gene in pol2a mutants, together with its sensitivity to replication inhibitors (CIS, CTP), point towards a function of this gene in the response to replication stress. Therefore, this study brings novel information relative to the activity of TDP1 genes in plants.
Current Advances in the Black Tiger Shrimp Penaeus monodon Culture: A Review
Authors: Waiho Khor , Ling Yang , Ikhwanuddin Mhd , Shu‐Chien Alexander Chong , Afiqah‐Aleng Nor , Wang Youji , Hu Menghong , Liew Honjung , Kasan Nor Azman , Peh Jia Hui , Fazhan Hanafiah 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe increasing high‐end market demand for the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon has brought tremendous industry opportunities. Although the industry has tried its best to increase production, according to the report data from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), annual global production has shown no significant upward trend over the past decade. Besides that, newly implemented policies such as seafood safety and food security negatively impacted the industry and reduced production. However, P. monodon cultivation is still promising due to its larger body size and higher market acceptance as a premium product. Over the years, numerous studies have been conducted to increase the production of P. monodon by optimizing its culture conditions, implementing new culture system, increasing disease resistance to disease such as WSSV, AHPND, WFD, implementation of pre‐ and probiotics in feed, and selective breeding programs to increase genetic diversity and population of P. monodon broodstock. This review provides an overview of the current advances in P. monodon broodstock cultivation, thereby providing an essential baseline for P. monodon aquaculture. Areas needing urgent research focus are also highlighted. Future research should take great strides and take into account the impact of future climate change scenario during P. monodon culture and optimization, and increase biosecurity measures to prevent its introduction as an alien species in wild settings.
Excruciating existential suffering and complicated grief: The essence of surviving the suicide of a son or daughter
Authors: Bjornsdottir E. A. , Sigurdardottir S. , Halldorsdottir S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundSuicide is the fourth most common cause of death for the 15–29 age group. Research on the impact of suicide on parents is scarce and, therefore, poorly understood.AimTo explore parents' experiences who have lost a son or a daughter due to suicide and their experience of the services available to them.MethodsThis phenomenological study involved 1–2 interviews with ten parents aged 40–65, seven mothers and three fathers in all 13 interviews. The age range of their sons and daughters was 17–37 years when they died.ResultsFor the parents, losing a son or a daughter to suicide is an overwhelming life experience characterised by Excruciating existential suffering and complicated grief where they are confronted with deep meaning‐making and existential questions without answers since the person who can answer most of them is no longer alive. They, therefore, felt stuck in their grief for up to 4 years. The initial experience was an immense paralysing shock and sense of unreality. The subsequent period was a blur, and they were numb. Then, their psyche and bodies collapsed, and for a long time, they felt no grief processing was taking place. They sorely needed long‐term professional trauma‐informed support and felt that, in too many cases, they had to reach out for help themselves. They would have liked to see the healthcare system embrace them with more open arms, offer help and be met with information and individualised support.ConclusionsStandard operating procedures must be installed to support suicide‐bereaved parents better. Long‐term professional support and trauma‐focused care are required following such major trauma, and providing such support could help to reduce their adverse health impacts. Nurses and other health professionals must be better educated on existential suffering in this context.
Changes in soil organic carbon in native forests of Argentina related to land use change and environmental factors
Authors: Nosetto Marcelo Daniel , Balducci Ezequiel , Gaitán Juan , Mastrángelo Matías , Pastur Guillermo Martínez , Pinazo Martín , Villagra Pablo , Roglich Mariano Gonzalez , Kowaljow Esteban , Colazo Juan Cruz , Perez‐Harguindeguy Natalia , Naldini María Betania , de Dios Herrero Juan , Quiroga Alberto , Wilson Marcelo , Whitworth‐Hulse Juan , Jobbágy Esteban , Ballesteros Silvina , Polo Marina González , von Müller Axel , Cellini Juan Manuel , La Manna Ludmila , Rodríguez‐Souilla Julián , Manrique Silvina , Gasparri Ignacio , Blundo Cecilia , Von Wallis Alejandra , Meglioli Pablo , Labiano Marina Morsucci , Álvarez Leandro , Zalazar Gualberto , Villarino Sebastian , Sirimarco Ximena , Barral María Paula , Peri Pablo Luis 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNative forests host important pools of soil organic carbon (SOC). This is a key element not only for ecosystem functioning but also for the global carbon cycle. Globally, and particularly in Argentina, native forests are being rapidly replaced by other land uses, raising questions about the impact of these transformations on SOC and its environmental controls. Based on the construction of the largest SOC database in Argentina to date, we investigated the patterns and controls of changes in SOC stocks associated with the replacement of native forests by other land uses. We constructed the database with a total of 818 sites with SOC data (0–30 cm depth), covering the main ecoregions, to which we added environmental information (e.g. satellite data, soil database and climate database), to study the environmental controls on SOC change after deforestation and on the original SOC content of native forests. Considering all ecoregions and all land use alternatives together, we found an average decrease in SOC stock of 18.2 Mg C ha−1, which represents a loss of more than a quarter of the original SOC stock of the native forest sites. A boosted regression tree explained 89% of the variation in SOC stock change and indicated that the initial forest SOC stock and the post‐deforestation land use were the most important variables explaining this variation (relative influence of 30.9% and 18.2%, respectively). The replacement of native forests by rainfed annual crops resulted in the largest decrease in SOC (−28 Mg C ha−1), which was twice as large as the decrease observed in rangelands (−14 Mg C ha−1). On the contrary, neither irrigated croplands nor tree plantations of fast‐growing species caused a decrease in SOC stocks (p > .10). Climate and soil texture had an indirect effect on SOC changes through a strong influence on the initial SOC stocks in native forests (p < .01). Our study highlighted the significant impact of land use change on SOC stocks, overshadowing other relevant environmental controls. Understanding how the SOC pool responds to land use change, environmental conditions and management practices is essential to increase the effectiveness of practices implemented to improve soil properties and mitigate climate change.
Simulating the Growth of TATA-Box Binding Protein-Associated Factor 15 Inclusions in Neuron Soma
Authors: Kuznetsov Andrey V. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
To the best of the author's knowledge, this paper presents the first attempt to develop a mathematical model of the formation and growth of inclusions containing misfolded TATA-box binding protein associated factor 15 (TAF15). It has recently been shown that TAF15 inclusions are involved in approximately 10% of cases of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). FTLD is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is characterized by a progressive loss of personality, behavioral changes, and a decline in language skills due to the degeneration of the frontal and anterior temporal lobes. The model simulates TAF15 monomer production, nucleation and autocatalytic growth of free TAF15 aggregates, and their deposition into TAF15 inclusions. The accuracy of the numerical solution of the model equations is validated by comparing it with analytical solutions available for limiting cases. Physiologically relevant parameter values were used to predict TAF15 inclusion growth. It is shown that the growth of TAF15 inclusions is influenced by two opposing mechanisms: the rate at which free TAF15 aggregates are deposited into inclusions and the rate of autocatalytic production of free TAF15 aggregates from monomers. A low deposition rate slows inclusion growth, while a high deposition rate hinders the autocatalytic production of new aggregates, thus also slowing inclusion growth. Consequently, the rate of inclusion growth is maximized at an intermediate deposition rate of free TAF15 aggregates into TAF15 inclusions.
Combining Machine Learning, Embedded Sensor Networks and Additive Burner Design for Combustor Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Giuliani Fabrice , Paulitsch Nina , Hofer Andrea , Petrovic-Filipovic Vojislav , Meier Benjamin , Bailer Werner , Winter Martin , Unterberger Roland , Schricker Alexander 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The crystAIr project is about sensitizing burners for flame monitoring based on a discrete number of dynamic pressure sensors and a machine learning approach. The context is the development of better aircraft engines and the prospect of technical solutions for hydrogen-fuelled gas turbines. The combination of sensors and appropriate signal processing is designed to mimic a “feel” for the state of the flame. The idea is to monitor the gas turbine's correct operation in real-time and anticipate impending problems such as flame blowout, combustion instability or flashback. Compared to conventional flame monitoring based on signal sampling, thresholding, bandpass analysis and time-lag measurement, this method should be less computationally intensive, more sensitive and more robust to artifacts. Not only should it be more responsive, but it should also anticipate problems based on a lessons-learned approach and outperform the conventional precursors. An unassisted machine learning method is used to achieve this. A custom-built AM burner designed for this experiment provides multiple instrumentation options. A powerful data acquisition system is setup to collect data on multiple channels, over a long time duration and at high speed to collect the learning signal chunks. The focus is on the detection of flames and, more specifically, the moment of their ignition and extinction, the operating conditions that are prone to flashback and the stability of the combustion. Additional measurement techniques are used to refine the learning method. The paper covers all these points and presents the first results.
Temperature Field Measurements in Swirl Spray Flames Using Two-Line Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence Thermometry
Authors: Tao Chao , Zhang Chi , An Qiang , Xue Xin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the temperature fields in a centrally staged swirl spray combustor using two-line OH planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF) thermometry at elevated inlet pressures and temperatures up to 0.62 MPa and 650 K. The pilot and main stages of the combustor were supplied with RP-3 kerosene. OH radicals were excited using the Q1(5) and Q1(14) transitions within the A2Σ←X2Π (1,0) band. Two laser excitation systems were operated simultaneously, where the two beams were spatially combined and separated by a small interval in time. The PLIF signals excited at the two wavelengths were captured by two identical sets of imaging system. The calibration coefficient needed for quantitative conversion from fluorescence ratio to temperature was determined based on results from independent coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) measurements. A joint threshold mask was developed to remove the noise and weak signals in the raw PLIF images. The high temperature zones in the temperature field were then obtained, and the pilot and main stage flames were identified. In addition, the radial position of the pilot flame showed marked variations at a nominally fixed condition. By extracting the radial profiles, a consistency between the peaks of PLIF intensity and temperature was found, suggesting that PLIF images could be a qualitative substitute for the high temperature zones in the temperature fields of these swirl spray flames. This study demonstrates the feasibility of temperature field measurements using two-line OH PLIF in aero-engine model combustors.
Large $$N_c$$ QCD phase diagram at $$\mu _B=0$$
Authors: Cohen T. D. , Glozman L. Ya 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLattice studies suggest that at zero baryon chemical potential and increasing temperature there are three characteristic regimes in QCD that are connected by smooth analytical crossovers: a hadron gas regime at $$T < T_{ch}\sim 155$$

T
<

T

ch

∼
155

MeV, an intermediate regime, called stringy fluid, at $$T_{ch}< T < \sim 3 T_{ch}$$

T

ch

<
T
<
∼
3

T

ch

, and a quark-gluon plasma regime at higher temperatures. These regimes have been interpreted to reflect different approximate symmetries and effective degrees of freedom. In the hadron gas the effective degrees of freedom are hadrons and the approximate chiral symmetry of QCD is spontaneously broken. The intermediate regime has been interpreted as lacking spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking along with the emergence of new approximate symmetry, chiral spin symmetry, that is not a symmetry of the Dirac Lagrangian, but is a symmetry of the confining part of the QCD Lagrangian. While the high temperature regime is the usual quark-gluon plasma which is often considered to reflect “deconfinement” in some way. This paper explores the behavior of these regimes of QCD as the number of colors in the theory, $$N_c$$

N
c

, gets large. In the large $$N_c$$

N
c

limit the theory is center-symmetric and notions of confinement and deconfinement are unambiguous. The energy density is $$\mathcal{O}(N_c^0)$$

O
(

N
c
0

)

in the meson gas, $${{\mathcal {O}}}(N_c^1)$$

O
(

N
c
1

)

in the intermediate regime and $${{\mathcal {O}}}(N_c^2)$$

O
(

N
c
2

)

in the quark-gluon plasma regime. In the large $$N_c$$

N
c

limit these regimes may become distinct phases separated by first order phase transitions. The intermediate phase has the peculiar feature that glueballs should exist and have properties that are unchanged from what is seen in the vacuum (up to $$1/N_c $$

1
/

N
c

corrections), while the ordinary dilute gas of mesons with broken chiral symmetry disappears and approximate chiral spin symmetry should emerge.
Conformal symmetry in quantum gravity
Authors: Oda Ichiro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe study the problem of how to derive conformal symmetry in the framework of quantum gravity. We start with a generic gravitational theory which is invariant under both the general coordinate transformation (GCT) and Weyl transformation (or equivalently, local scale transformation), and then construct its BRST formalism by fixing the gauge symmetries by the extended de Donder gauge and scalar gauge conditions. These gauge-fixing conditions are invariant under global GL(4) and global scale transformations. The gauge-fixed and BRST invariant quantum action possesses a huge Poincaré-like IOSp(10|10) global symmetry, from which we can construct an extended conformal symmetry in a flat Minkowski background in the sense that the Lorentz symmetry is replaced with the GL(4) symmetry. Moreover, we construct the conventional conformal symmetry out of this extended symmetry. With a flat Minkowski background $$\langle g_{\mu \nu } \rangle = \eta _{\mu \nu }$$

⟨

g

μ
ν

⟩

=

η

μ
ν

and a non-zero scalar field $$\langle \phi \rangle \ne 0$$

⟨
ϕ
⟩
≠
0

, the GL(4) and global scale symmetries are spontaneously broken to the Lorentz symmetry, thereby proving that the graviton and the dilaton are respectively the corresponding Nambu–Goldstone bosons, and therefore they must be exactly massless at nonperturbative level. One of remarkable aspects in our findings is that in quantum gravity, a derivation of conformal symmetry does not depend on a classical action, and its generators are built from only the gauge-fixing and the FP ghost actions. Finally, we address a generalized Zumino theorem in quantum gravity.
Non-perpetual eternal inflation and the emergent de Sitter Swampland conjecture
Authors: Guleryuz Omer 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe introduce a novel correlation, $$n_{\text {s}}$$

n
s

- $$\Delta N$$

Δ
N

, connecting CMB parameters to the required total e-folds for eternal inflation. This correlation provides a robust tool for evaluating eternal (string) inflation models using CMB data and explores the impact of quantum fluctuations on non-attractor phases. By generalizing eternal inflation criteria, our parameterization simplifies rigorous testing of predictions and reveals a link between refined de Sitter conjecture parameters and the eternal nature of the cosmic landscape. This points to a general tendency towards eternal behavior in low-energy effective field theories within the landscape, opening the possibility for our cosmic stage to potentially embrace a ’multiverse’ scenario.
MYC is Sufficient to Generate Mid-Life High-Grade Serous Ovarian and Uterine Serous Carcinomas in a p53-R270H Mouse Model
Authors: Blackman Alexandra , Rees Amy C. , Bowers Robert R. , Jones Christian M. , Vaena Silvia G. , Clark Madison A. , Carter Shelby , Villamor Evan D. , Evans Della , Emanuel Anthony J. , Fullbright George , O’Malley Matthew S. , Carpenter Richard L. , Long David T. , Spruill Laura S. , Romeo Martin J. , Orr Brian C. , Helke Kristi L. , Delaney Joe R. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) have fundamentally changed how ovarian cancer etiology, early detection, and treatment are understood. MYC, an oncogene, is amongst the most amplified genes in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), but it has not previously been utilized to drive HGSOC GEMMs. We coupled Myc and dominant-negative mutant p53-R270H with a fallopian tube epithelium (FTE)-specific promoter Ovgp1 to generate a new GEMM of HGSOC. Female mice developed lethal cancer at an average of 14.5 months. Histopathologic examination of mice revealed HGSOC characteristics, including nuclear p53 and nuclear MYC in clusters of cells within the FTE and ovarian surface epithelium. Unexpectedly, nuclear p53 and MYC clustered cell expression was also identified in the uterine luminal epithelium, possibly from intraepithelial metastasis from the FTE. Extracted tumor cells exhibited strong loss of heterozygosity at the p53 locus, leaving the mutant allele. Copy-number alterations in these cancer cells were prevalent, disrupting a large fraction of genes. Transcriptome profiles most closely matched human HGSOC and serous endometrial cancer. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the Myc and Trp53-R270H transgenes were able to recapitulate many phenotypic hallmarks of HGSOC through the utilization of strictly human-mimetic genetic hallmarks of HGSOC. This new mouse model enables further exploration of ovarian cancer pathogenesis, particularly in the 50% of HGSOC which lack homology-directed repair mutations. Histologic and transcriptomic findings are consistent with the hypothesis that uterine serous cancer may originate from the FTE.

Significance:
Mouse models using transgenes which generate spontaneous cancers are essential tools to examine the etiology of human diseases. Here, the first Myc-driven spontaneous model is described as a valid HGSOC model. Surprisingly, aspects of uterine serous carcinoma were also observed in this model.