bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and psychometric validation of the ‘Parent Perspective University of Rhode Island Change Assessment-Short’ (PURICA-S) Questionnaire for the application in parents of children with overweight and obesity
Authors: Junne Florian , Ziser Katrin , Mander Johannes , Martus Peter , Denzer Christian , Reinehr Thomas , Wabitsch Martin , Wiegand Susanna , Renner Tobias , Giel Katrin E , Teufel Martin , Zipfel Stephan , Ehehalt Stefan 
Published: November 2016

IntroductionHigh prevalence rates of childhood obesity urgently call for improved effectiveness of intervention programmes for affected children and their families. One promising attempt can be seen in tailoring interventions according to the motivational stages of parents as ‘agents of change’ for their children. Evidence from other behavioural contexts (eg, addiction) clearly shows the superiority of motivational-stage dependent tailored (behavioural) interventions. For the time-efficient assessment of motivational stages of change, this study aims to develop and psychometrically validate a ‘Parent Perspective Version’ of the existing University of Rhode Island Change Assessment-Short, an instrument assessing the motivational stages based on the theoretical fundamentals of the Transtheoretical Model of Psychotherapy.Methods and analysisIn a multistep Delphi procedure, involving experts from the study context, the original items of the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment-Short Questionnaire will be transformed from the ‘self-perspective’ (‘I am having a problem’) to the parent perspective (‘my child is having a problem’). Following item adaptation, the new version of the questionnaire will be psychometrically validated in a cohort of N=300 parents with overweight or obese children. Parents will be recruited within a multicentre and multisite approach involving private paediatric practices, specialised outpatient clinics as well as inpatient and rehabilitation sites. Analyses will include confirmatory factor analyses, internal consistencies (reliability) as well as convergent and criterion validity. Convergent validity will be analysed using subscales of the HAKEMP-90 Questionnaire, an instrument which has been shown to differentiate between ‘state’ and ‘action’ orientation of individuals.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been granted ethics committee approval by the University of Tuebingen (number 644/2014BO2). The results of this study will be released to the participating study centres and will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences.Trial registration numberVfD_PURICA-S_15_003607.
How does work disability of patients with MS develop before and after diagnosis? A nationwide cohort study with a reference group
Authors: Gyllensten Hanna , Wiberg Michael , Alexanderson Kristina , Hillert Jan , Tinghög Petter 
Published: November 2016

ObjectivesWe compared work disability of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) from 5 years before with 5 years after diagnosis, with that of matched controls, and analysed whether progression in work disability among patients with MS was associated with sociodemography.DesignPopulation-based cohort study.SettingThe adult Swedish general population.ParticipantsResidents aged 24–57 diagnosed with MS (n=3685) in 2003–2006 and 18 425 matched controls without MS.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAnnual net days of sickness absence (SA) and disability pension (DP), used as a proxy for work disability, followed from 5 years before to 5 years after diagnosis (ie, T−5–T+5). For patients with MS, regression was used to identify sociodemographic factors related to progression in work disability.ResultsWork disability of patients with MS increased gradually between T−5 and T−1 (mean: 46–82 days) followed by a sharp increase (T+1, 142 days), after which only a marginal increase was observed (T+5, 149 days). The matched controls had less work disability, slightly increasing during the period to a maximum of ∼40 days. Men with MS had a sharper increase in work disability before diagnosis. High educational level was associated with less progression in work disability before and around diagnosis.ConclusionsPatients with MS had more work disability days also 5 years before diagnosis. Several sociodemographic variables were associated with the absolute level and the progression in SA and DP.
Leprosy Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (LPEP) programme: study protocol for evaluating the feasibility and impact on case detection rates of contact tracing and single dose rifampicin
Authors: Barth-Jaeggi Tanja , Steinmann Peter , Mieras Liesbeth , van Brakel Wim , Richardus Jan Hendrik , Tiwari Anuj , Bratschi Martin , Cavaliero Arielle , Vander Plaetse Bart , Mirza Fareed , Aerts Ann 
Published: November 2016

IntroductionThe reported number of new leprosy patients has barely changed in recent years. Thus, additional approaches or modifications to the current standard of passive case detection are needed to interrupt leprosy transmission. Large-scale clinical trials with single dose rifampicin (SDR) given as post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) to contacts of newly diagnosed patients with leprosy have shown a 50–60% reduction of the risk of developing leprosy over the following 2 years. To accelerate the uptake of this evidence and introduction of PEP into national leprosy programmes, data on the effectiveness, impact and feasibility of contact tracing and PEP for leprosy are required. The leprosy post-exposure prophylaxis (LPEP) programme was designed to obtain those data.Methods and analysisThe LPEP programme evaluates feasibility, effectiveness and impact of PEP with SDR in pilot areas situated in several leprosy endemic countries: India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Tanzania. Complementary sites are located in Brazil and Cambodia. From 2015 to 2018, contact persons of patients with leprosy are traced, screened for symptoms and assessed for eligibility to receive SDR. The intervention is implemented by the national leprosy programmes, tailored to local conditions and capacities, and relying on available human and material resources. It is coordinated on the ground with the help of the in-country partners of the International Federation of Anti-Leprosy Associations (ILEP). A robust data collection and reporting system is established in the pilot areas with regular monitoring and quality control, contributing to the strengthening of the national surveillance systems to become more action-oriented.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from the relevant ethics committees in the countries. Results and lessons learnt from the LPEP programme will be published in peer-reviewed journals and should provide important evidence and guidance for national and global policymakers to strengthen current leprosy elimination strategies.
EXCELLENCE REPORTING (GREATIX): CREATING A DIFFERENT PARADIGM IN IMPROVING SAFETY AND QUALITY
Authors: Sinton D , Lewis G , Roland D 
Published: November 2016

Objectives & BackgroundThe NHS safety culture predominantly focuses on negative events with staff being encouraged to report incidents via online tools such as IR1 or Datix. Obligations in relation to a formal duty of candour further perpetuate a culture based around reporting negative outcomes. While it is vital to learn from errors in healthcare having this as the sole focus results in unintended consequences that positive performance is not recognised and transfer of good practice is delayed.MethodsIn February 2016 after becoming aware of the Birmingham Children's Hospital's “Learning from Excellence” initiative we set up an online GREATix reporting tool at Leicester Royal Infirmary. Any staff member can submit an online nomination if they observe excellent practice from another member of staff or team. The nomination is then reviewed and direct feedback sent to the individual. In addition GREATix themes or valuable learning examples are discussed at our monthly Critically Careful Forum (a multidisciplinary education and governance meeting.) We describe the results and learning from this initiative between 10th February and 30th June 2016.ResultsInitially commenced as a pilot for the Paediatric Emergency Department with minimal publicity we observed a ‘ripple’ effect as nominations spread throughout the wider hospital, and even further afield.Cascading of interventions that improve patient care, such as use of a hip spica in undisplaced femoral fractures, is an example of the clinical impact the initiative is having. Staff members of all professional backgrounds and multiple specialities have commented on its positive effects and several other centres have contacted us keen to develop a similar system of their own. The ripple effect of GREATix nominations and themes reported are displayed.ConclusionA positive reporting system may produce benefits in patient safety without creating a potentially toxic reporting system. While GREATix is not a substitute for incident reporting it adds value in a system that is frequently under-resourced. The real benefits on moral and culture still have yet to be realised but it shows real promise as an improvement tool.Figure 1
EPS社工介入模式
Authors: 甘 炳光 
Published: November 2016

本文主要介紹筆者始創的一個名為EPS的社工介入模式。這個介入模式主要是運用充權(Empowerment)、參與(Participation)和強項角度(Strengths Perspective)三個概念去推行社工的介入方法。本文首先介紹這個模式的三個基本信念，包括：(一) 社會工作的重要目標是去幫助服務對象達致充權；(二) 透過參與才能讓服務對象獲得充權；及(三) 極度相信服務對象有能力及有強項。本文分別闡述充權的概念和作用，分析為何要促進服務對象的參與，剖析達致有意義及高度參與的方法，以及檢視強項角度的信念和重要性。EPS模式認為，社工實踐中一定要將這三個概念 (E、P、S) 緊扣在一起，才能達到社工的理想目標。無論在哪個服務範疇，社工都應該以強項角度去看事物，鼓勵服務對象的參與，從而令他們得到充權。充權是要達到的目標，參與是一個方法，而強項是一個重要的基礎。目標，方法，基礎三樣缺一不可。這個模式指出社工介入的核心元素是採用強項角度去運用參與以達致充權作用。本文最後探討若忽略這三個重要概念或其中一個，社工的介入會出現甚麼問題，並剖析三個概念的互動如何促進社工介入的成效，以及介紹EPS模式在不同領域的應用。 This article introduces a social work intervention model which is called EPS Model and is newly developed by the author. The EPS Model is to apply the following three concepts in social work practice, including Empowerment (E), Participation (P) and Strengths Perspective (S).The article firstly presents the three basic beliefs of the model: (1) the main goal of social work practice is not just to provide services and help people solve problems, but to help people empower themselves; (2) the empowerment goal can be actualized through promoting service user participation and (3) we have to strongly believe that people have strengths and abilities. The article then introduces the concept of empowerment and its functions, discusses why service user participation should be promoted and the effective means of promoting meaningful and greater participation, and examines the faith and importance in strengths perspective. The main characteristics of the EPS Model is to affirm that these three concepts (E, P and S) are inter-related and need to be closely inter-linked. Empowerment should be regarded as the aim of social work practice. Participation is the effective means to achieve empowerment. Strengths perspective is thus regarded as the important basis for social work intervention. The aim, the means and the basis are equally important and neither one can be excluded. This model suggests that social work practice should be based on the strengths perspective and should make use of participation to achieve service users' empowerment. The article finally examines the problems arising from the neglect of any one of the three important concepts, the impact of the interplay of the three concepts on the effect of social work practice and the application of the EPS Model in different service settings.
RasGRF Couples Nox4-Dependent Endoplasmic Reticulum Signaling to Ras
Authors: Wu Ru Feng , Liao Chengxu , Hatoum Hadi , Fu Guosheng , Ochoa Cristhiaan D. , Terada Lance S. 
Published: November 2016

Objectives—
In response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, endothelial cells initiate corrective pathways such as the unfolded protein response. Recent studies suggest that reactive oxygen species produced on the ER may participate in homeostatic signaling through Ras in response to ER stress. We sought to identify mechanisms responsible for this focal signaling pathway.

Approach and Results—
In endothelial cells, we found that ER stress induced by tunicamycin activates the NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase Nox4 focally on the ER surface but not on the plasma membrane. Ras activation is also restricted to the ER, occurs downstream of Nox4, and is required for activation of the unfolded protein response. In contrast, treatment with the growth factor VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) results in Ras activation and reactive oxygen species production confined instead to the plasma membrane and not to the ER, demonstrating local coupling of reactive oxygen species and Ras signals. We further identify the calcium-responsive, ER-resident guanyl exchange factors RasGRF1 and RasGRF2 as novel upstream mediators linking Nox4 with Ras activation in response to ER stress. Oxidation of the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase and increases in cytosolic calcium caused by ER stress are blocked by Nox4 knockdown, and reduction in cytosolic free calcium prevents both Ras activation and the unfolded protein response.

Conclusions—
ER stress triggers a localized signaling module on the ER surface involving Nox4-dependent calcium mobilization, which directs local Ras activation through ER-associated, calcium-responsive RasGRF.
First record of the genus Nitocrella Chappuis, 1923 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Ameiridae) from India, with a new phreatic species
Authors: Ranga Reddy Y. , Totakura V. R. 
Published: November 2016

Nitocrella galassiaen. sp. is described from phreatic waters in Andhra Pradesh state located in southeastern peninsular India. This is the first representative of the genusNitocrellaChappuis, 1923, described from the Indian subcontinent. Following Petkovski’s (1976) revision of the genusNitocrellas. str., the new species is assigned to thechappuisi-group of species. It differs from all other members of this group by a unique combination of the following characters: the male leg 1 basis has a short claw-like inner spine; the second exopodal segment of legs 1-4 has an inner seta; the apical endopodal segment of legs 2 and 4 has a single seta; leg 5 exopod in both sexes has three setae, and the baseoendopodal lobe has three setae in the female and two setae in the male; the male fifth antennular segment has a large aesthetasc; and the caudal ramus is 1.5 times as long as its greatest width and about 0.7 times as long as the anal somite. Among the hitherto known species of thechappuisi-group, the new species shows an allegedly close relationship with the IranianN. petkovskiiPesce, 1980. A brief note on the ecology of the new species is also added.
A new species of the hermit crab genus Pagurus Fabricius, 1775 (Decapoda, Anomura, Paguridae) from the South China Sea
Authors: Han Yuan-Yuan , An Jian-Mei , Sha Zhong-Li 
Published: November 2016

A new species of pagurid hermit crab,Pagurus liuisp. nov., is described from the South China Sea. It is most closely similar toPagurus imaii(Yokoya, 1939), but the endopod of the maxillule recurved and the absence of spines on the ventral surface of the propodus of the pereopods can easily distinguish the new species fromP. imaii. The new species is placed in the “capillatus” group ofPagurus.
Suicidal thinking and behaviour as of 600 BCE (Aesop’s fables)
Authors: Davis Julian , Money Tammie T , Pridmore Saxby 
Published: November 2016

Objective: Psychiatry has ignored history, anthropology, sociology and literature in the search for enlightenment regarding suicide. Our objective was to determine what, if anything, Aesop’s fables had to teach us about suicide in around 600 BCE. Aesop’s account is around two centuries older than the oldest text (Herodotus: The histories) previously examined by our group. Method: We examined two translations of Aesop’s fables, seeking accounts fitting the following categories: (1) suicidal thinking, (2) suicidal behaviour without fatal consequences, and (3) suicidal behaviour with fatal consequences. Results: One account fitting each of these categories was identified. The triggers were: (i) self-doubt and criticism, (ii) unpleasant predicament (constant fear), and (iii) inescapable physical pain. Conclusion: Evidence indicates that around 600 BCE, suicide was practised as a means of coping with self-doubt and criticism, unpleasant predicaments and inescapable physical pain. Recent scientific evidence confirms these observations.
Prevention of carboplatin-induced hypersensitivity reactions in women with ovarian cancer
Authors: Jerzak Katarzyna J , Deghan Manshadi Shaidah , Ng Pamela , Maganti Manjula , McCuaig Jeanna M , Bulter Marcus , Oza Amit , Mackay Helen J 
Published: November 2016

Background Carboplatin-based chemotherapy offers high response rates and improved overall survival for women with epithelial ovarian cancer, but its use is limited by the occurrence of hypersensitivity reactions. To evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic diphenhydramine for hypersensitivity reaction prevention, we reviewed the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions and identified patients at high risk of hypersensitivity reactions. Methods Women receiving ≥6 cycles of carboplatin-based chemotherapy for epithelial ovarian cancer were identified from our institutional database at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre. Institutional policy was changed in 2009 to introduce diphenhydramine prophylaxis for patients receiving ≥6 cycles of carboplatin. Additional clinical data were abstracted from the patient record. Results Between 2006 and 2012, 450 women received ≥6 cycles of carboplatin-based chemotherapy for epithelial ovarian cancer. Two hundred and ninety-one women received prophylaxis with diphenhydramine. Carboplatin-induced hypersensitivity reactions occurred in 41 of 449 patients (9%). Univariable predictors of carboplatin-induced hypersensitivity reactions included administration of 8 to 10 cycles of carboplatin, history of other drug allergies and a platinum-free interval >12 months. BRCA mutational status was not predictive. In a multivariable analysis, the number of cycles of carboplatin and a platinum-free interval >12 months were independent predictors of hypersensitivity reactions. There was a trend towards diphenhydramine prophylaxis reducing the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions in women with a platinum-free interval compared to continuous delivery; this was most marked when the platinum-free interval was >12 months (n = 64) (OR: 0.2 (95% CI: 0.046–0.83), p = 0.03). Conclusions The administration of diphenhydramine to women who have a platinum-free interval may reduce the risk of hypersensitivity reaction, but prospective evaluation is required.
A Qualitative Assessment of Return to Sport After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement
Authors: Tjong Vehniah K. , Cogan Charles J. , Riederman Brett D. , Terry Michael A. 
Published: November 2016

Background: Hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is known to produce excellent outcomes, yet some patients do not return to their preinjury level of sport participation. Much literature on return to sport has revolved around anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and even shoulder instability, but none to date have used qualitative, semistructured patient interviews on patients with hip labral tears. Purpose: To understand the factors influencing the decision to return to sport after arthroscopic hip surgery for FAI. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: An experienced interviewer conducted qualitative, semistructured interviews of patients aged 18 to 60 years who had arthroscopic hip surgery for FAI. All had preinjury participation in sport and a minimum 2-year follow-up with no revision surgery. Qualitative analysis was then performed to derive codes, categories, and themes. An assessment of preinjury and current sports participation by type, level of competition, and frequency along with patient-reported hip function was also obtained. In addition, current modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), international Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12), Hip Outcome Score–sports-specific subscale (HOS-SSS), and a coping mechanism evaluation (Brief COPE) were also recorded. Results: A total of 23 patients were interviewed to reveal the overarching themes of internal motivation, external encouragement, and resetting expectations as the predominant factors influencing a patient’s decision to return to preinjury sport. Subjective outcome measurements (mHHS, iHOT-12, patient satisfaction) showed significant differences between patients who did and did not return to sport. Interestingly, the adaptive and maladaptive coping mechanisms matched and supported our themes in those patients who described fear and self-motivation as defining features influencing their cessation of or return to play, respectively. Conclusion: Self-motivation, aging, pain, encouragement from others, and adapting to physical limitations can largely affect a patient’s decision to return to sport after arthroscopic hip surgery for FAI. Innate coping mechanisms may also help to predict the course of and subsequently aid in a patient’s postoperative recovery.
Expressions of the CagA protein and CagA-signaling molecules predict Helicobacter pylori dependence of early-stage gastric DLBCL
Authors: Kuo Sung-Hsin , Chen Li-Tzong , Lin Chung-Wu , Yeh Kun-Huei , Shun Chia-Tung , Tzeng Yi-Shin , Liou Jyh-Ming , Wu Ming-Shiang , Hsu Ping-Ning , Cheng Ann-Lii 
Published: November 2016

Key Points
Expression of CagA and CagA-signaling molecules p-SHP2 and p-ERK is associated with HP dependence of gastric DLBCL. CagA is associated with the direct lymphomagenic effect of HP on B cells of HP-dependent gastric DLBCL.
How I treat bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Williams Kirsten M. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn past years, a diagnosis of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) conferred nearly universal mortality secondary to lack of consensus for diagnostic criteria, poorly understood disease pathogenesis, and very few studies of therapeutic or supportive care interventions. Recently, however, progress has been made in these areas: revised consensus diagnostic guidelines are now available, supportive care has improved, there is greater understanding of potential mechanisms of disease, and prospective trials are being conducted. This article describes these advances and provides suggestions to optimize therapy for patients with BOS after HCT.
CCL2 is a KIT D816V–dependent modulator of the bone marrow microenvironment in systemic mastocytosis
Authors: Greiner Georg , Witzeneder Nadine , Berger Angelika , Schmetterer Klaus , Eisenwort Gregor , Schiefer Ana-Iris , Roos Simone , Popow-Kraupp Theresia , Müllauer Leonhard , Zuber Johannes , Sexl Veronika , Kenner Lukas , Sperr Wolfgang R. , Valent Peter , Mayerhofer Matthias , Hoermann Gregor 
Published: November 2016

Key PointsCCL2 is a KIT D816V–induced cytokine targeting microenvironmental cells in mastocytosis in vitro and in vivo. Serum levels of CCL2 in patients with mastocytosis correlate with advanced disease and poor survival.