bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Impact of Dental Adhesives on Postoperative Sensitivity in Class I and Class II Resin-Composite Restorations
Authors: Manchorova-Veleva Neshka A. , Vladimirov Stoyan B. , Keskinova Donka А. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Self-etch adhesives are believed to prevent postoperative sensitivity when used under posterior resin-based composite restorations. STUDY OBJECTIVE: A hypothesis that a one-step self-etch adhesive (1-SEA) would result in less postoperative sensitivity than a three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive (3-E&RA) was tested. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred restorations were placed with a 1-SEA and 100 restorations with a 3-E&RA. Teeth were restored with Filtek Supreme nanofilled resin-composite and were evaluated for sensitivity to cold and masticatory forces at baseline, 7 days, 14 days, 30 days, and 6 months postoperatively. Vitality test scores of the teeth were recorded at the same periods. RESULTS: The evaluation of cold sensitivity intensity (VAS score) for all observation periods in both restoration groups did not reveal any statistical significance. The differences in the response time to cold stimulation (0 - 15 sec) for the restorations made with a 1-SEA and those made with a separate etch step are statistically insignificant. There are no significant differences in the vitality of the restored teeth at intra- or inter-group comparison. The statistical analysis revealed significant differences in postoperative sensitivity to masticatory forces at postoperative day 14 and day 30 in the 3-E&RA group. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative sensitivity depends on the type of dentin adhesive used. More intensive complaints of postoperative sensitivity were recorded under masticatory forces at postoperative day 14 and day 30 in 3-E&RA in comparison with 1-SEA.
Application of Ultrasonic Devices in Management of Periodontal Lesions - Bone Response in a Case of a Tooth with Poor Treatment Prognosis
Authors: Blagova Bistra Y. , Pechalova Petia F. , Poriazova Elena G. , Angelova Irina A. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment of odontogenic jaw cysts may include one of the following four basic methods: enucleation, marsupialization, staged combination of marsupialization and enucleation, or enucleation with curettage. Enucleation/cystectomy, alone or combined with other procedures, is the preferred choice of treatment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the case report was to present the outcome of an ultrasound-assistant periapical cystectomy in a frontal upper tooth with indications for extraction. RESULTS: Postoperative recovery was uneventful. The functional result was satisfactory. On the follow-up X-rays a reduction of the intraosseous defect by a new bone formation could be observed. CONCLUSION: We found ultrasonic surgery to be a promising approach for safe and effective odontogenic jaw cyst removal reducing the risk of its recurrence.
Euryhaline preferences of the decapod crab Mioplax socialis enabled it to survive during the Badenian/Sarmatian extinction (Miocene) in the Central Paratethys
Authors: Hyžný Matúš , Mandic Oleg , Harzhauser Mathias , Ledvák Peter 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Although decapod crustaceans of the Central Paratethys were diverse during the Badenian (Langhian-Early Serravallian), a dramatic drop in their diversity occurred at the boundary with the Sarmatian. A crab Mioplax socialis is one of the few decapods reported from the Lower Sarmatian (Mohrensternia Zone) of the Paratethys. Until now, this species has been known from only a handful of specimens from Austria, Croatia and Bulgaria (Central Paratethys), and its systematics and ecology remain poorly known. Here, on the basis of new specimens from the Sarmatian tuffitic clays of the Stretava Formation (Skároš, Eastern Slovakia) we confirm that this species belongs to the subfamily Chasmocarcininae. The diagnostic characters of the male sternum that allow this classification are reported for the first time. The molluscan assemblage co-occurring with M. socialis demonstrate that this species tolerated conditions with variable salinity. Its tolerance of a broad range of salinity regimes may thus explain its survival across the Badenian-Sarmatian extinction event. Preservation of near-complete and fully articulated individuals of M. socialis suggests calm conditions and short residence times on the sediment-water interface.
Structural evolution of the Turňa Unit constrained by fold and cleavage analyses and its consequences for the regional tectonic models of the Western Carpathians
Authors: Lačný Alexander , Plašienka Dušan , Vojtko Rastislav 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe Turňa Unit (Turnaicum, Tornaicum) is one of the three nappe systems involved in the geological structure of the inner zones of the Western Carpathians. The unit is formed by a system of partial nappes and duplexes, which overlie the Meliata Unit s.l. and are overridden by the Silica Nappe. The Slovenská skala partial nappe in the investigated area includes clastic sediments of the mid-Carboniferous, Permian and Early Triassic age, followed by mostly deep-water Middle-Upper Triassic succession predominantly composed of carbonates. Structural analysis of cleavage planes and folds was carried out predominantly in the Lower Triassic Werfen Formation. The measured deformational structures are polygenetic and were principally formed in three successive deformation stages. The first deformation stage is represented by bedding-parallel, very low-grade metamorphic foliation that was related to nappe stacking and formation of the Mesozoic accretionary wedge during the latest Jurassic and earliest Cretaceous. The second deformation stage is represented by systems of open to closed, partly asymmetric folds with SW-NE oriented, steeply NW- or SE-dipping axial-plane cleavage. Regionally, the folded bedding planes are usually moderately SE-ward dipping, the NW-ward and subvertical dips are less common. The mesoscopic fold structures predominantly occur in the SW-NE trending anticlinal and synclinal hinge zones of large-scale folds. These structures evolved in a compressional tectonic regime with the NW-SE to N-S orientation of the maximum compressional axis. The third observed deformation stage was activated during ENE-WSW oriented shortening. This stage is chiefly represented by open, kink-type folds. Some inferences for regional structures and tectonic evolution of the area are discussed as well.
Cognitive performance in aphasia due to stroke: a systematic review
Authors: Fonseca José , Ferreira Joaquim J. , Pavão Martins Isabel 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAphasia persists in about one third of the patients with left hemisphere stroke, yet it is not known if it enhances the risk of dementia, beyond what results from any focal brain lesion. This lack of knowledge is mostly related to the difficulty of cognitive evaluation in people with aphasia. The development of tools aiming to assess cognitive functioning in people with aphasia could overcome this limitation. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the frequency and the profile of cognitive impairment in stroke patients with aphasia, to assemble existing non-verbal instruments to be used in patients with language disorders.We conducted a systematic review, through Web of Science, Medline and PsycINFO electronic databases, of articles published between January 1995 and October 31, 2015 related to aphasia due to stroke and non-verbal neurobehavioral tests.The electronic search identified 2487 citations. After screening 38 were included in this review. Additionally 53 articles were selected among the references of analyzed publications of which nine were included producing a total of 47 articles. The cognitive tests more frequently used in persons with aphasia are the Figures Memory Tests, Visual Memory Span, Progressive Matrices, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and some measures of the Test of Everyday Attention, covering a reasonable range of cognitive domains. The majority of studies across cognitive domains reported lower scores for patients with aphasia compared with controls. No specific difficulties were reported regarding tests applicability.There are several tools available to assess cognitive functions in aphasia. Although there is some variability, patients with aphasia tend to present lower scores than those with left hemisphere stroke without aphasia or healthy subjects. A consensus tool should be developed to screen or evaluate cognition and dementia in individuals with language impairment.
Effects of nicotine in the presence and absence of vitamin E on morphology, viability and osteogenic gene expression in MG-63 osteoblast-like cells
Authors: Torshabi Maryam , Esfahrood Zeinab Rezaei , Gholamin Parisan , Karami Elahe 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Background:
Evidence shows that oxidative stress induced by nicotine plays an important role in bone loss. Vitamin E with its antioxidative properties may be able to reverse the effects of nicotine on bone. This study aimed to assess the effects of nicotine in the presence and absence of vitamin E on morphology, viability and osteogenic gene expression in MG-63 (osteosarcoma) human osteoblast-like cells.

Methods:
We treated the cells with 5 mM nicotine. The viability and morphology of cells were evaluated respectively using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium (MTT) and crystal violet assays. The effect of nicotine on osteogenic gene expression in MG-63 cells was assessed by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction of osteoblast markers, namely, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein.

Results:
The results revealed that survival and proliferation of MG-63 cells were suppressed following exposure to nicotine, and cytoplasm vacuolization occurred in the cells. Nicotine significantly down-regulated the expression of osteogenic marker genes. Such adverse effects on morphology, viability and osteogenic gene expression of MG-63 cells were reversed by vitamin E therapy.

Conclusions:
In conclusion, vitamin E supplementation may play a role in proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, and vitamin E can be considered as an anabolic agent to treat nicotine-induced bone loss.
A Fast Hysteresis Current–Controlled Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive Based on Field Orientation
Authors: Ogbuka Cosmas , Nwosu Cajethan , Agu Marcel 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
A fast hysteresis current-controlled (HCC) permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive based on field orientation is presented. The objectives of this research are to develop and utilize HCC algorithm for field orientation control (FOC) of a complete closed loop speed-controlled PMSM drive system, optimize the HCC algorithm to obtain fast speed response with step and ramp speed inputs to examine the effectiveness of current and torque tracking, identify the optimal control variables of the HCC on the PMSM, examine the performance with ramp and step reference speed inputs. The response of the developed model is compared with the speed response of the standard AC6 of MATLAB Simpower systems in terms of rise time, settling time and effectiveness of current and torque tracking. Compared to the standard AC6 of MATLAB Simpower systems, the developed model achieved rise time and settling time of 0.0108 seconds and 0.0143 seconds respectively while the corresponding values for AC6 model are 0.1944 seconds and 0.1984 seconds respectively. The developed model, therefore, offered superior performance over the AC6 model in terms of rise time, settling time and tracking capability.
AMTI Filter Design for Radar with Variable Pulse Repetition Period
Authors: Řezníček Michal , Bezoušek Pavel , Zálabský Tomáš 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This paper presents a design of a Doppler AMTI filter, for a radar with a variable pulse repetition period (stagger). The filter can suppress ground and volume clutter echoes simultaneously. The maximum filter impulse response length is limited to 5 coefficients due to a limited radar system stability and a radar antenna movement.
A conditional Lipschitz stability for determining a space-dependent source coefficient in the 2D/3D advection-dispersion equation
Authors: Li Gongsheng , Jia Xianzheng , Sun Chunlong 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This paper deals with an inverse problem of determining a space-dependent source
coefficient in the 2D/3D advection-dispersion equation with final observations using the variational adjoint method.
Data compatibility for the inverse problem is analyzed by which an admissible set for the unknowns is induced.
With the aid of an adjoint problem, a bilinear functional based on the variational identity is set forth with which a norm for the unknown is well-defined under suitable conditions, and then a conditional Lipschitz stability for the inverse problem is established. Furthermore, numerical inversions with random noisy data are performed using the optimal perturbation algorithm, and the inversion solutions give good approximations to the exact solution as the noise level goes to small.
A Review on Spectral Amplitude Coding Optical Code Division Multiple Access
Authors: Kaur Navpreet , Goyal Rakesh , Rani Monika 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis manuscript deals with analysis of Spectral Amplitude Coding Optical Code Division Multiple Access (SACOCDMA) system. The major noise source in optical CDMA is co-channel interference from other users known as multiple access interference (MAI). The system performance in terms of bit error rate (BER) degrades as a result of increased MAI. It is perceived that number of users and type of codes used for optical system directly decide the performance of system. MAI can be restricted by efficient designing of optical codes and implementing them with unique architecture to accommodate more number of users. Hence, it is a necessity to design a technique like spectral direct detection (SDD) technique with modified double weight code, which can provide better cardinality and good correlation property.
Crystal structure of (2,2′(cyclohexane-1,2-diylbis(nitrilo(E)methylylidene))diphenolato-κ4
O,O′,N,N′)dimethanolmanganese(III) bromide, C22H28BrMnN2O4
Authors: Li Shengli , Li Zhenhua , Kong Lingqian , Ju Xiuping 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
C22H28BrMnN2O4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.0695(3) Å, b = 14.5673(5) Å, c = 19.1743(6) Å, β = 99.692(3)°, V = 2221.78(13) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0413, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0929, T = 293(2) K.
LIFE+2010 QUADMAP Project: a new methodology
to select, analyze and manage Quiet Urban Areas
defined by the European Directive 2002/49/EC
Authors: Aspuru Itziar , Garcia Igone , Bartalucci Chiara , Borchi Francesco , Carfagni Monica , Governi Lapo , Bellomini Raffaella , Luzzi Sergio , Wolfert Henk , Gaudibert Piotr 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Concerning quiet areas, the definition provided
by the Environmental Noise Directive (END) is intended to
preserve the acoustic environment in those areas where
it is considered good, according to general indicators and
limits. However, the END is not clear enough to allow appropriate
assessment and management in urban environments.
The aim of QUADMAP project was to deliver a method and
guidelines for the identification, delineation, characterization,
improvement and management of Quiet Urban Areas
(QUAs) as defined by the END. The Project also wanted
to help clarify the definition of a QUA, its meaning and its
added value for cities in terms of health, safety and lowering
stress levels.
In this article, after an introduction of the current European
scenario on QUAs, the main aspects of the methodology
introduced for the selection, analysis and management
of QUAs are described. Eventually, the major results
achieved by the Project, in terms of the guideline on QUAs,
the implemented interventions and the achieved benefits,
are reported and discussed.
Pointing Out Directions in Murrinhpatha
Authors: Blythe Joe , Mardigan Kinngirri Carmelita , Perdjert Mawurt Ernest , Stoakes Hywel 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Rather than using abstract directionals, speakers of the Australian Aboriginal language
Murrinhpatha make reference to locations of interest using named landmarks, demonstratives and
pointing. Building on a culturally prescribed avoidance for certain placenames, this study reports on the
use of demonstratives, pointing and landmarks for direction giving. Whether or not pointing will be used,
and which demonstratives will be selected is determined partly by the relative epistemic incline between
interlocutors and partly by whether information about a location is being sought or being provided. The
reliance on pointing for the representation of spatial vectors requires a construal of language that includes
the visuo-corporal modality.
Separation of matrine and oxymatrine from Sophora flavescens extract through cation exchange resin coupled with macroporous absorption resin
Authors: Chen Haohao , Luo Shaojian , Zheng Xikang , Fan Huajun 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
A simple method for separation of matrine and oxymatrine from Sophora flavescens was developed with cation exchange resin coupled with macroporous resin. Based on the adsorption characteristics of matrine and oxymatrine, 001×732 cation exchange resin was used to absorb target alkaloids for removing most of the foreign matter, while BS-65 macroporous resin was chosen to purify these alkaloids. The result showed that the equilibrium adsorption data of matrine and oxymatrine on 001×732 resin and BS-65 resin at 30°C was fitted to Langmuir isotherm and Freundlich isotherm, respectively. The contents of matrine and oxymatrine were increased from 0.73% and 2.2% in the crude extract of the root of Sophora flavescens to 67.2% and 66.8% in the final eluent products with the recoveries of 90.3% and 86.9%, respectively.
Task conditions and short-term memory search: two-phase model of STM search
Authors: Orzechowski Jarosław , Nęcka Edward , Balas Robert 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Short-term memory (STM) search, as investigated within the Sternberg paradigm, is usually described as exhaustive rather than self-terminated, although the debate concerning these issues is still hot. We report three experiments employing a modified Sternberg paradigm and show that whether STM search is exhaustive or self-terminated depends on task conditions. Specifically, STM search self-terminates as soon as a positive match is found, whereas exhaustive search occurs when the STM content does not contain a searched item. Additionally, we show that task conditions influence whether familiarity- or recollection-based strategies dominate STM search performance. Namely, when speeding up the tempo of stimuli presentation increases the task demands, people use familiarity-based retrieval more often, which results in faster but less accurate recognition judgments. We conclude that STM search processes flexibly adapt to current task conditions and finally propose two-phase model of STM search.
Capacity, Control, or Both – Which Aspects of Working Memory Contribute to Children’s General Fluid Intelligence?
Authors: Nęcka Edward , Lulewicz Agata 
Published: May 2016

AbstractStarting from the assumption that working memory capacity is an important predictor of general fluid intelligence, we asked which aspects of working memory account for this relationship. Two theoretical stances are discussed. The first one posits that the important explanatory factor is storage capacity, roughly defined as the number of chunks possible to hold in the focus of attention. The second one claims that intelligence is explained by the efficiency of executive control, for instance, by prepotent response inhibition. We investigated 96 children at the age between 10 and 13. They completed a version of the n-back task that allows assessment of both storage capacity and inhibitory control. They also completed Raven’s Progressive Matrices as the fluid intelligence test and the Test for Creative Thinking - Drawing Production, for control purposes. We found that Raven’s scores correlated negatively with the number of unnecessary responses to irrelevant stimuli but they did not correlate with the number of signal detections. We conclude that children’s fluid intelligence depends on inhibitory control, with no relationship with storage capacity.
When Affect Supports Cognitive Control – A Working Memory Perspective
Authors: Kolańczyk Alina 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The paper delineates a study of executive functions (EFs), construed as procedural working memory (WM), from a motivational perspective. Since WM theories and motivation theories are both concerned with purposive activity, the role of implicit evaluations (affects) observed in goal pursuit can be anticipated to arise also in the context of cognitive control, e.g., during the performance of the Stroop task. The role of positive and negative affect in goal pursuit consists in controlling attention resources according to the goal and situational requirements. Positive affect serves to maintain goals and means in the scope of attention (EF1), whereas negative affect activates the inhibition of non-functional contents, e.g., distractors and irrelevant objects (resulting in attention disengagement; EF2). Adaptation to conflict proceeds via sequential triggering of negative and positive affect (EF3). Moreover, it was demonstrated that the focus on action or reflection changes the scope of contents subjected to implicit (affective) control. Therefore, I suggest that the motivational system, to a large extent, plays the role of the Central Executive. The paper opens a discussion and proposes studies on affective mechanisms of cognitive control.
The effectiveness of working memory training – points to consider for future research
Authors: Szewczyk Rafal 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Working memory training (WMT) has recently become one of the most debated issues in the field of cognitive psychology. Since working memory (WM) is considered a strong correlate of IQ, numerous researchers have been trying to increase the latter by training the former. Proven effectiveness of working memory training could lead to its application in the therapy of many cognitive impairments. WMT could be also used as a tool of improving cognitive functioning of healthy subjects. However, almost every publication claiming to provide evidence for achieving one of above mentioned objectives has been criticised, mostly because of methodological shortcomings.
The aim of my presentation is to extract potential sources of inconsistencies existing between the authors of meta-analysis and reviews of WMT research. For this reason I take a closer look at results and conclusions of several meta-analysis and reviews. As a result I point few indications that should be taken into consideration in future studies on WMT effectiveness.