bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CONSIDERING EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND PHOTOPERIOD ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF LABLAB PURPUREUS (L.) SWEET IN THE SEARCH OF SHORT-SEASON ACCESSIONS FOR SMALLHOLDER FARMING SYSTEMS
Authors: SENNHENN A. , ODHIAMBO J. J. O. , MAASS B. L. , WHITBREAD A. M. 
Published: September 2016

SUMMARYLegumes have gained increased importance in smallholder farming systems of sub-Saharan Africa due to their contribution to household nutrition and health and their ability to grow in low fertility soils. With unpredictable and highly variable rainfall characteristics of the semi-arid areas, short-season grain types are seen as a promising option for drought avoidance. Knowledge of phenological development and, in particular, time to flowering is crucial information needed for estimating the possible production success of new accessions to new environments. The photoperiod-sensitivity of 10 promising short-season Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet accessions (CPI 525313, CPI 52533, CPI 52535, CPI 52535, CPI 52552, CPI 52554, CPI 60795, CPI 81364, CQ 3620, Q 6880B) were evaluated for their response to varying temperature and daylength regimes in field trials in Limpopo province, South Africa and under controlled conditions in growth chamber experiments in Göttingen, Germany. Photoperiod sensitivity was quantified using the triple-plane rate model of flowering response with time to flowering expressed in thermal time (Tt, °Cd). Additionally, piecewise regression analysis was conducted to estimate the critical photoperiod (Pc) above which time to flowering was delayed significantly. Relatively high variation of time to flowering amongst and within accessions in days after planting (DAP) was observed, ranging from 60 to 120 DAP depending on sowing date or daylength/temperature regime. Furthermore, a clear positive effect of temperature on growth and development of the tested accessions was found and time to flowering expressed as thermal time were consistent for the tested accessions, ranging from 600 to 800 °Cd for daylength <13 h. Only at daylength of ≥13 h and temperatures above 28 °C, development towards flowering was delayed significantly for accessions CPI 52513, CPI 52535, CPI 52554 and CPI 60795 with vegetative growth continuing for >110 DAP. The tested lablab accessions are therefore considered photoperiod insensitive, or weakly photoperiod responsive and are classified as short-day plants (SDP). Since daylength does not exceed 13 h between the latitudes 30 N to 30 S, these lablab accessions are recommended for further testing as short-duration grain legumes.
The Hague Conferences and ‘international community’: a politics of conceptual innovation
Authors: Roshchin Evgeny 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis article asks when, how, and why states started to use the concept of international community in the shared language of diplomacy and international law. It argues that the concept was accepted to the interstate language as a result of debates over international institutions, which were to acquire a universal character, at the Hague Conferences of 1899 and 1907. The article suggests that conceptual changes in interstate language should be understood as products of rhetorical power struggles, in which some arguments lose the battle while others prevail, some concepts are discarded while others modified. The article suggests a model of conceptual change that explains an innovation in interstate language. First, it draws attention to collective assertive speech acts at diplomatic events that signal changes in international politics. Second, it examines whether such acts implicate conceptual innovations. Third, it posits that the composition of epistemic community assembled at the Hague determines the nature of conceptual innovation. Fourth, it demonstrates how rhetorical interventions into debates at the conference introduce and mould relevant concepts. Fifth, it illuminates how contextualisation of the conference interventions in professional debates helps us understand the polemical nature of arguments and the scope of conceptual innovation.
Gramsci andThe Prince: Taking Machiavelli outside the realist courtyard?
Authors: Carta Caterina 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn the field of political theory, few authors have spurred intellectual tirades and triggered collective fantasy as much as the sixteenth-century Florentine Secretary Niccoló Machiavelli. Despite all controversies, in the discipline of International Relations (IR) Machiavelli and hisThe Princehave been almost exclusively associated with classical realism. This largely unchallenged association contributed to the edification of the myth ofThe Princeas the ruthless symbol ofraison d’état, carrying transcendental lessons about the nature of politics and a set of prescriptions on how helmsmen should behave to seize, maintain, and reinforce their power. The realist hijacking of Machiavelli is at the core of the foundation of classical realism as an IR theory and its location at the very epicentre of IR as a discipline. This appropriation has, in turn, obscured alternative myths ofThe Prince,which depart from Machiavelli’s reflections on thePrincipati nuovito readThe Princeas a radical manifesto for political change. The opening of the semantic space in the field of IR – spurred by the so-called interpretive turn – offers an opportunity to break this monochromatic reading. This article delves into two competing myths ofThe Prince: the classical realist myth and Gramsci’s ‘progressive’ one to demonstrate its contested nature.
Modularity in ecological networks between frugivorous birds and congeneric plant species
Authors: Silva Adriano M. , Maruyama Pietro K. , Paniago Luís Pedro M. , Melo Celine 
Published: September 2016

Abstract:Ecological and evolutionary factors influence the presence of modules in species interaction networks, and these modules usually cluster functional similar species. But whether closely related species form modules is still unknown. We tested whether the interaction networks formed by frugivorous birds andMiconiaplants are modular and evaluated how modules were divided. To do so, we gathered from the literature data concerning four networks ofMiconiaand their frugivorous birds (three from Brazilian savanna and one from a rain forest in Panama). We quantified modularity using binary and weighted algorithms and also tested the relationship between bird traits (body mass, dietary specialization, migratory behaviour and phylogeny) in relation to within- and among-module connectivity indices (candzvalues). If considering only binary information, networks did not present distinct modular structure. Nevertheless, by including interaction strength, modules can be detected in all fourMiconia-bird networks. None of the bird traits, however, was related with the connectivity indices. The possible fluctuation of frugivorous bird abundance coupled with the asynchronic fruiting period ofMiconiamight favour the formation of temporal modules comprising birds and plant species with phenological overlap, ensuring seed dispersal and facilitating the coexistence in sympatry. Bird traits had little effect on the role that each species plays within the modular network, probably because the frugivorous assemblages were dominated by small-bodied and opportunistic species.
Entertaining the community: the evolution of civic ritual and public celebration, 1860–1953
Authors: ROBERTS BEN 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT:Civic ritual and pageantry have been mainstays of urban culture since the Middle Ages, but it has been suggested that they entered a period of decline from the 1870s onwards. This article suggests that instead, local authorities reformed and revised their use of civic ceremony, celebration and commemoration, in order to keep pace with contemporary culture and to maintain public interest. The towns of Darlington and Middlesbrough are considered to highlight the use of recreational and sensory-rich ritual in the urban setting. It is suggested that historians should therefore adopt a broader methodology and broaden their definition of what constituted civic ritual in the twentieth century.
Legume consumption and CVD risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Marventano Stefano , Izquierdo Pulido Maria , Sánchez-González Claudia , Godos Justyna , Speciani Attilio , Galvano Fabio , Grosso Giuseppe 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to systematically review and perform a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies exploring the association between dietary legume consumption and CVD risk, including CHD and stroke.DesignThe PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched up to December 2015. A meta-analysis of the highestv.lowest (reference) category of dietary legume consumption was performed through random-effects models.ResultsFourteen studies conducted on eleven cohorts and accounting for a total of 367 000 individuals and 18 475 cases of CVD (7451 CHD and 6336 stroke cases) were considered for the analyses. Compared with lower legume consumption, the highest category of exposure was associated with a decreased risk of 10 % in both CVD and CHD (relative risk=0·90; 95 % CI 0·84, 0·97) with no or little evidence of heterogeneity and no publication bias. Null results were found regarding legume consumption and stroke risk. No substantial confounding factors were evident in stratified analyses.ConclusionsLegume consumption was associated with lower risk of CVD. Legumes’ intrinsic characteristics, because they are often part of an overall healthy diet, or because they are a substitute for unhealthy sources of protein may potentially explain the current findings.
Welche Erwartungen sagen postoperative Depressivität und Ängstlichkeit bei herzchirurgischen Patienten am stärksten vorher?
Authors: Auer Charlotte J. , Kube Tobias , Laferton Johannes A. C. , Salzmann Stefan , Shedden-Mora Meike , Rief Winfried , Moosdorf Rainer 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Depressivität und Ängstlichkeit beeinträchtigen den Behandlungserfolg von herzchirurgischen Patienten. Fragestellung: Untersucht wurde, ob und wie präoperative Patientenerwartungen mit postoperativer Depressivität und Ängstlichkeit zusammenhängen und welche präoperativen Erwartungen hierbei den höchsten prädiktiven Wert haben. Methoden: 124 aortocoronare Bypass-Patienten bearbeiteten eine Woche vor der Operation einen Fragebogen, der verschiedene Aspekte von Erwartungen mischt (Positive Health Expectation Questionnaire; PHES) und einen Fragebogen, der einzelne Erwartungsaspekte getrennt erfasst (Expected Illness Perception Questionnaire, IPQ-E) und eine Woche vor sowie eine Woche nach der Operation Fragen zu ihrer Depressivität und Ängstlichkeit (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)). Ergebnisse: Postoperative Depressivität wird durch präoperative Erwartungen vorhergesagt (R2 = 0.32, F = 3.13, p = .02). Der einzig signifikante Prädiktor hierbei sind positive Gesundheitserwartungen gemessen mit dem PHES. Auch postoperative Ängstlichkeit wird durch präoperative Erwartungen vorhergesagt (R2 = 0.27, F = 2.55, p < .05). Bei der Vorhersage postoperativer Ängstlichkeit haben erwartete Konsequenzen gemessen mit dem IPQ-E den stärksten prädiktiven Wert. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Studie belegt die Relevanz von präoperativen Erwartungen bei herzchirurgischen Patienten. Interventionen, die auf die Verringerung von Depressivität herzchirurgischer Patienten abzielen, sollten den Fokus auf verschiedene Aspekte von Erwartungen legen. Bei der Verringerung postoperativer Ängstlichkeit könnten hingegen einzeln erfasste Erwartungsaspekte von Bedeutung sein.
Psychotherapie bei Depressionen
Authors: Hautzinger Martin 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Leitlinien im Gesundheitswesen stellen heute wichtige Orientierungshilfen und Standards für Versorgung und Behandlung dar. Leitlinien beruhen auf einer systematischen Zusammenstellung der empirischen Evidenzen sowie Metaanalysen zu einem bestimmten medizinischen bzw. klinisch psychologischen Thema. Depressionen sind häufige Erkrankungen, die gesellschaftlich eine hohe Belastung (menschlich, ökonomisch) darstellen. Bereits 2009 wurde daher eine „Nationale Versorgungsleitlinie Depression“ vorgelegt. Nun erfolgte eine Überarbeitung ( DGPPN et al., 2015 ), die für weitere 5 Jahre Gültigkeit hat und hier vorgestellt werden soll. Fragestellung und Methode: Hier werden die wichtigsten Empfehlungen der S3/NVL Depression mit Bezug zur Relevanz für die Klinische Psychologie zusammengefasst. Es wird auf Erweiterungen, Neuerungen und Veränderungen eingegangen. Die Empfehlungen stellen einen Konsens verschiedenster Fachgesellschaften und relevanter Berufsgruppen aufgrund eines längeren Sichtungs- und Auswertungsprozesses von Einzelstudien, Übersichtsarbeiten und Metaanalysen der nationalen und internationalen Literatur dar. Ergebnisse: Es ergibt sich, dass die empirisch gut begründbare Bedeutung von Psychotherapie, insbesondere der Kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie, bei der Behandlung unipolarer Depressionen weiter besteht, sogar zunahm und heute eine der zentralen Säulen Evidenz basierter Therapie darstellt. Dies gilt für unterschiedliche Altersgruppen, für chronisch und komorbid Erkrankte, insbesondere auch für die Kombination mit Pharmakotherapie. Schlussfolgerung: Angesichts der gesellschaftlichen und klinischen Bedeutung sowie der großen Heterogenität der Störungsgruppe Depression, besteht unverändert dringender Forschungsbedarf, um die Effekte von Psychotherapie zu optimieren und deren langfristige Wirkung beurteilen zu können. Besonders relevant ist die Erforschung von Moderatoren bzw. Prädiktoren des guten bzw. weniger guten Ansprechens auf sowie das Verständnis der Wirkmechanismen und Mediatoren von Psychotherapie.
Microbial metabolisms in a 2.5-km-deep ecosystem created by hydraulic fracturing in shales
Authors: Daly Rebecca A. , Borton Mikayla A. , Wilkins Michael J. , Hoyt David W. , Kountz Duncan J. , Wolfe Richard A. , Welch Susan A. , Marcus Daniel N. , Trexler Ryan V. , MacRae Jean D. , Krzycki Joseph A. , Cole David R. , Mouser Paula J. , Wrighton Kelly C. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractHydraulic fracturing is the industry standard for extracting hydrocarbons from shale formations. Attention has been paid to the economic benefits and environmental impacts of this process, yet the biogeochemical changes induced in the deep subsurface are poorly understood. Recent single-gene investigations revealed that halotolerant microbial communities were enriched after hydraulic fracturing. Here, the reconstruction of 31 unique genomes coupled to metabolite data from the Marcellus and Utica shales revealed that many of the persisting organisms play roles in methylamine cycling, ultimately supporting methanogenesis in the deep biosphere. Fermentation of injected chemical additives also sustains long-term microbial persistence, while thiosulfate reduction could produce sulfide, contributing to reservoir souring and infrastructure corrosion. Extensive links between viruses and microbial hosts demonstrate active viral predation, which may contribute to the release of labile cellular constituents into the extracellular environment. Our analyses show that hydraulic fracturing provides the organismal and chemical inputs for colonization and persistence in the deep terrestrial subsurface.
Evolution of land plants: insights from molecular studies on basal lineages
Authors: Ishizaki Kimitsune 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The invasion of the land by plants, or terrestrialization, was one of the most critical events in the history of the Earth. The evolution of land plants included significant transformations in body plans: the emergence of a multicellular diploid sporophyte, transition from gametophyte-dominant to sporophyte-dominant life histories, and development of many specialized tissues and organs, such as stomata, vascular tissues, roots, leaves, seeds, and flowers. Recent advances in molecular genetics in two model basal plants, bryophytes Physcomitrella patens and Marchantia polymorpha, have begun to provide answers to several key questions regarding land plant evolution. This paper discusses the evolution of the genes and regulatory mechanisms that helped drive such significant morphological innovations among land-based plants.
Species diversity driven by morphological and ecological disparity: a case
study of comparative seed morphology and anatomy across a large monocot
order
Authors: Benedict John C. , Smith Selena Y. , Specht Chelsea D. , Collinson Margaret E. , Leong-Škorničková Jana , Parkinson Dilworth Y. , Marone Federica 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Phenotypic variation can be attributed to genetic heritability as well as biotic and abiotic factors. Across Zingiberales, there is a high variation in the number of species per clade and in phenotypic diversity. Factors contributing to this phenotypic variation have never been studied in a phylogenetic or ecological context. Seeds of 166 species from all eight families in Zingiberales were analyzed for 51 characters using synchrotron based 3D X-ray tomographic microscopy to determine phylogenetically informative characters and to understand the distribution of morphological disparity within the order. All families are distinguishable based on seed characters. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analyses show Zingiberaceae occupy the largest seed morphospace relative to the other families, and environmental analyses demonstrate that Zingiberaceae inhabit both temperate and tropical regions, while other Zingiberales are almost exclusively tropical. Temperate species do not cluster in morphospace nor do they share a common suite of character states. This suggests that the diversity seen is not driven by adaptation to temperate niches; rather, the morphological disparity seen likely reflects an underlying genetic plasticity that allowed Zingiberaceae to repeatedly colonize temperate environments. The notable morphoanatomical variety in Zingiberaceae seeds may account for their extraordinary ecological success and high species diversity as compared to other Zingiberales.
Gene- and pathway-based association tests for multiple traits with GWAS summary statistics
Authors: Kwak Il-Youp , Pan Wei 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Summary
To identify novel genetic variants associated with complex traits and to shed new insights on underlying biology, in addition to the most popular single SNP-single trait association analysis, it would be useful to explore multiple correlated (intermediate) traits at the gene- or pathway-level by mining existing single GWAS or meta-analyzed GWAS data. For this purpose, we present an adaptive gene-based test and a pathway-based test for association analysis of multiple traits with GWAS summary statistics. The proposed tests are adaptive at both the SNP- and trait-levels; that is, they account for possibly varying association patterns (e.g. signal sparsity levels) across SNPs and traits, thus maintaining high power across a wide range of situations. Furthermore, the proposed methods are general: they can be applied to mixed types of traits, and to Z-statistics or P-values as summary statistics obtained from either a single GWAS or a meta-analysis of multiple GWAS. Our numerical studies with simulated and real data demonstrated the promising performance of the proposed methods.

Availability and Implementation
The methods are implemented in R package aSPU, freely and publicly available at: https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/aSPU/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Multivariate two-part statistics for analysis of correlated mass spectrometry data from multiple biological specimens
Authors: Taylor Sandra L , Ruhaak L Renee , Weiss Robert H , Kelly Karen , Kim Kyoungmi 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Motivation
High through-put mass spectrometry (MS) is now being used to profile small molecular compounds across multiple biological sample types from the same subjects with the goal of leveraging information across biospecimens. Multivariate statistical methods that combine information from all biospecimens could be more powerful than the usual univariate analyses. However, missing values are common in MS data and imputation can impact between-biospecimen correlation and multivariate analysis results.

Results
We propose two multivariate two-part statistics that accommodate missing values and combine data from all biospecimens to identify differentially regulated compounds. Statistical significance is determined using a multivariate permutation null distribution. Relative to univariate tests, the multivariate procedures detected more significant compounds in three biological datasets. In a simulation study, we showed that multi-biospecimen testing procedures were more powerful than single-biospecimen methods when compounds are differentially regulated in multiple biospecimens but univariate methods can be more powerful if compounds are differentially regulated in only one biospecimen.

Availability and Implementation
We provide R functions to implement and illustrate our method as supplementary information.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Fossils matter: improved estimates of divergence times inPinusreveal older diversification
Authors: Saladin Bianca , Leslie Andrew B. , Wüeest Rafael O. , Litsios Glenn , Conti Elena , Salamin Nicolas , Zimmermann Niklaus E. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe taxonomy of the genusPinusis widely accepted and a well-resolved phylogeny based on entire plastome sequences exists. However, there is a large discrepancy in estimated divergence times of major pine clades among existing studies mainly due to differences in fossil placement and dating methods used. We currently lack a dated molecular pine phylogeny that makes full usage of the rich fossil record in pines. This study is the first to estimate the divergence dates of pines based on a large number of fossils (21) evenly distributed across all major clades in combination with applying the most novel dating method.ResultsWe present a range of molecular phylogenetic trees ofPinusgenerated within a Bayesian framework using both the novel fossilized birth-death and the traditional node dating method with different fossil sets. We find the origin of pines likely to be up to 30 Myr older (Early Cretaceous) than inferred in most previous studies (Late Cretaceous) and propose generally older divergence times for major clades withinPinusthan previously thought. Our age estimates vary significantly between the different dating approaches but the results generally agree on older divergence times. We present a revised list of 21 fossils that are suitable to use in dating or comparative analyses of pines.ConclusionsAn accurate timescale for the divergence times in pines is essential if we are to link diversification processes and functional adaptation of this genus to geological events or to changing climates. Next to older divergence times inPinus, our results indicate that node age estimates in pines depend on dating approaches and fossil sets used due to different inherent characteristics of dating approaches. Our set of dated phylogenetic trees of pines presented herein provide the basis to account for uncertainties in age estimations when applying comparative phylogenetic methods, which will improve our understanding of the evolutionary and ecological history in pines.