bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real‐world battery longevity of implantable loop recorders implanted for unexplained syncope: Results from a large single‐center registry
Authors: Duvillier Lukas , Demolder Anthony , Van Renterghem Sally , De Mey Caroline , West Filip , De Pooter Jan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground/PurposeImplantable loop recorders (ILR) are increasingly used in cardiac rhythm monitoring and diagnostic work‐up of unexplained syncope. ILR battery longevity, according to manufacturers' product performance specifications, typically ranges between 2 and 4 years, but real‐world data in this population are lacking.MethodsThis monocentric, prospective, observational study included consecutive patients with unexplained syncope undergoing ILR implantation between October 2007 and 2019. The main purpose was to determine real‐world battery longevity of ILRs. Diagnostic yield and relationship between arrhythmogenic diagnosis and duration of ILR monitoring were explored.ResultsThe study included 309 patients (59 years [38–73], 49% female) with ILR implantation for unexplained syncope. Median battery longevity was 42 [40–45] months. A total of 99.5% of ILRs reached prespecified battery longevity. The time to end‐of‐life varied by up to 33 months among the same ILR models. Overall arrhythmogenic diagnostic yield counted 27% (73% sick sinus syndrome, 20% atrioventricular block, and 7% ventricular tachycardia). Median time to diagnosis was 10 [2–25] months, with the latest event at 43 months. The cumulative diagnostic yield for arrhythmogenic event explaining syncope was 4.2%, 6.1%, 9.4%, 14.6%, 19.4%, and 26.7% at 1, 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 months, respectively. In univariate analysis, first degree AV block and prolonged HV time on EP study were predictors of diagnosis, while QRS duration abnormality borderline missed significance.ConclusionsReal‐world battery longevity of ILRs matched industry projected longevity in 99.5% of patients implanted with ILR for unexplained syncope. A battery longevity of minimum 3.5 years is recommended to maximize the diagnostic yield in this population.
Ultrastructural and molecular characterization of Glugea sp. (microsporidia), a parasite of the Red Sea fish Carangoides bajad (Carangidae)
Authors: Abdel‐Baki Abdel‐Azeem S. , Aboelhadid Shawky M. , Abdel‐Tawab Heba , Rocha Sónia , Ahmed Manal , Al‐Quraishy Saleh , Mansour Lamjed 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGlugea sp. found infecting the liver of the teleost fish Carangoides bajad from the Red Sea, Egypt, is described based on light microscopy and ultrastructural characteristics combined with phylogenetic analyses. This microsporidium forms whitish xenomas up to ~4 mm in size. Xenomas display numerous parasitophorous vacuoles totally filled by mature spores, no other life cycle stages were observed. Mature spores ellipsoidal and measuring 6.3 × 4.0 μm in size. The polaroplast appears composed of two distinct regions: an electron‐dense vesicular region and a densely packed lamellar region. The polar tubule forms approximately 24–27 coils arranged in three layers encircling the posterior vacuole. The small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene and its ITS region were sequenced and showed the highest similarity of 99.4% to other Glugea spp. Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses place the novel isolate within the Glugea clade, more specifically within a subclade that predominantly grouped species described from fish inhabiting the Arabian Gulf or Red Sea. The results validate the parasite's classification in the Glugea genus. Nevertheless, until more detailed ultrastructural and molecular data are obtained, the identification of the current Glugea species is hampered by the absence of some developmental stages and the high degree of genetic similarity.
Research on flow field characteristics of curved pipe in bulk grain cyclone conveying based on gas solid coupling
Authors: Shang Kun , Li Yongxiang , Song Haihao , Xu Xuemeng , Zhang Hanshan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the transportation of grain particles, elbow wear is a pressing concern. A novel approach to mitigate this involves introducing a lateral air supplement rotation mechanism that enables swirling transportation. We assessed the integration of this device at angles of 45°, 55°, and 65° to the central axis of the main pipeline. While the multiphase flow velocity within the main conduit was held constant at 20 m/s, the lateral device's airflow velocities were tested at 20, 30, and 40 m/s. Utilizing the CFD–DEM simulation for grain particle transportation around bends, our findings indicated that an optimal arrangement was with the lateral device at 55° relative to the main pipeline, with an airflow speed of 30 m/s. This setup fostered a forward particle spiral, drastically diminishing wear on the pipe wall. Experimental evaluations corroborated the simulation's outcomes.
Efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines in the treatment of solar lentigo based on network pharmacology and experimental validation
Authors: Wu Dongmei , Lv Pingping , Han Ping , Xie Lingna , Li Yi , Ma Congwei , Tai Meiling , Peng Yi , Lin Li 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsSolar lentigo is a prevalent skin condition that affects a significant number of individuals. Fortunately, certain traditional Chinese medicines and monomers (TCMM) have proven effective in addressing these concerns. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and underlying mechanism of TCMM, a combination of TCM and monomers in repairing solar lentigo.MethodsWe detected and identified the main compounds of TCM using liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and through the approach of network pharmacology, we screened drug and disease targets, visualized networks with Cytoscape software, analyzed targets via Gene ontology and KEGG, clinically validated predictions. In a mouse model, UVB‐induced pigmentation was assessed, and the effects of TCMM were evaluated. A clinical trial on 30 patients validated the depigmenting agent.ResultsActive ingredients such as MSH, Butylated hydroxytoluen, Valerophenone, and Geranylacetone aid pigmentation treatment. One hundred and forty‐three crore targets impact PI3K‐Akt, MAPK signaling pathway, ect. pathways. TCMM reduced UVB‐induced pigmentation, water loss, epidermal thickness, and melanin. It inhibited TYR, MITF, AKT1, VEGFA, PTGS2, TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐1β. Clinical and microscopic analysis showed significant pigmentation reduction.ConclusionsThe treatment of solar lentigo can benefit from the TCMM. By targeting multiple factors and pathways, this approach offers a comprehensive and effective treatment strategy.
Comparison of sEMG activity of submental muscles between the head‐lift exercise, tongue‐press exercise and the head extension tongue‐press exercise in healthy young adults
Authors: Nejadmoghbeli Mahla , Behboodi Mohammadreza , Kalbassi Gitta , Poorjavad Marziyeh 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundSwallowing is a complex function that requires precise coordination between different muscles. Weakness in submental muscles can lead to complications such as pharyngeal residue and aspiration. Therefore, exercise interventions targeting these muscles, such as the Head‐Lift Exercise (HLE), are clinically important but pose challenges.Objective(s)This study aimed to compare the myoelectric activity of submental muscles during traditional Head‐Lift Exercise (HLE), Tongue‐Press Exercise (TPE) and Head Extension Tongue‐Press Exercise (HETPE), providing potential alternatives to HLE.MethodsThirty healthy volunteers (22 females and 8 males, mean age 25.63 ± 5.27 years) participated in this cross‐sectional study. Surface electromyography (sEMG) recorded activity of the submental muscles bilaterally during HLE, TPE and HETPE. Participants performed each manoeuvre for 14 s, repeated three times in a counterbalanced order. Statistical analyses assessed differences in mean, maximum and median frequency of the sEMG signals among manoeuvres using repeated‐measures analysis of variance (RM‐ANOVA). The experienced irritation levels by participants during manoeuvres were also compared by the Friedman test.ResultsHETPE exhibited significantly higher maximum sEMG activity compared to HLE and TPE (p < .05). Mean sEMG activity was significantly increased during HETPE compared to TPE. Median frequency was significantly lower during HETPE compared to the two other exercises, indicating greater muscle fatigue. Participants reported similar levels of irritation for HLE and HETPE, and significantly lower levels during TPE.ConclusionThese results indicate that HETPE is effective in activating and strengthening submental muscles, potentially serving as a viable alternative to HLE without added difficulty. Further research is recommended to assess the long‐term impacts on swallowing physiology in patients with dysphagia.
Both‐Sideology Endangers Democracy and Social Science
Authors: Jost John T. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn social psychology these days it is commonplace to read or hear that liberal‐leftists and conservative‐rightists are every bit as “moral”; prejudiced and intolerant; susceptible to misinformation, “fake news,” and conspiratorial thinking; lax about upholding democratic standards; and prone to terrorism and political violence. Upon careful inspection, however, I conclude that every one of these claims is false or misleading. Liberal‐leftists in the United States and elsewhere are demonstrably more committed than conservative‐rightists to humanistic‐egalitarian values, deliberative reasoning, and adherence to democratic norms. In Western societies, acts of authoritarian aggression, hate crimes, and political violence are overwhelmingly more likely to come from the right than the left. As a witness to Nazi atrocities, Kurt Lewin deeply understood the role of historical, economic, and political forces in human lives and the interdependence between democracy and social science. He rejected moral relativism and what I call “both‐sideology” and offered a sophisticated critique of anti‐democratic tendencies. There are perfectly understandable reasons why people—especially academics and journalists—would be tempted to draw parallels between the left and right, and indeed there are many similarities as well as dissimilarities between liberal‐leftists and conservative‐rightists. However, the uncritical adoption of both‐sideology threatens liberal democracy itself and, with it, the only social science worth having. What we—as citizens and social scientists—need now is a renewal and revitalization of Lewin's critical‐emancipatory legacy before it is too late.
Conducting research within the acronym: Problematizing LGBTIQ+ research in psychology
Authors: Klysing Amanda , Prandelli Marta , Roselló‐Peñaloza Miguel , Alonso Daniel , Gray Madison , Glazier Jessica J. , Swanson Sarah , Wang Yu‐Chi 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTLGBTIQ+ research acknowledges shared experiences of groups marginalized due to gender identities, sexualities, and sex characteristics. This universalist coalition approach has resulted in much affirmational research and progressive policy development. However, it risks homogenizing the unique experiences and needs of specific groups; a risk lessened by a particularist subgroup approach. In this theoretical paper, we reflect on the challenges of a coalition or subgroup approach by considering interdependencies and boundaries between sex, gender, and sexuality‐based identities. Through tracing the historical development of LGBTIQ+ research and activism and using examples from intersex studies, intersectionality, and political actions, we explore tensions between the collective identities that make up the LGBTIQ+ acronym. We further offer suggestions for reimagining LGBTIQ+ research, advocating for community‐driven approaches that respect the situated knowledge of LGBTIQ+ individuals, and use adaptable and inclusive research practices that bridge academia and activism that aim to improve the lives of the marginalized.
Ultra‐processed foods, allergy outcomes and underlying mechanisms in children: An EAACI task force report
Authors: Berni Canani Roberto , Carucci Laura , Coppola Serena , D'Auria Enza , O'Mahony Liam , Roth‐Walter Franziska , Vassilopolou Emilia , Agostoni Carlo , Agache Ioana , Akdis Cezmi , De Giovanni Di Santa Severina Fiorenza , Faketea Gavriela , Greenhawt Matt , Hoffman Karin , Hufnagl Karin , Meyer Rosan , Milani Gregorio Paolo , Nowak‐Wegrzyn Anna , Nwaru Bright , Padua Ines , Paparo Lorella , Diego Peroni , Reese Imke , Roduit Caroline , Smith Peter K. , Santos Alexandra , Untersmayr Eva , Vlieg‐Boerstra Berber , Venter Carina 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundConsumption of ultra‐processed foods [UPFs] may be associated with negative health outcomes. Limited data exist regarding the potential role of UPFs in the occurrence of allergic diseases. The underlying mechanisms underpinning any such associations are also poorly elucidated.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and narrative evidence synthesis of the available literature to assess associations between UPF consumption and pediatric allergy outcomes (n = 26 papers), including data on the association seen with the gut microbiome (n = 16 papers) or immune system (n = 3 papers) structure and function following PRISMA guidelines.ResultsDietary exposure to fructose, carbonated soft drinks, and sugar intake was associated with an increased risk of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergies in children. Commercial baby food intake was associated with childhood food allergy. Childhood intake of fructose, fruit juices, sugar‐sweetened beverages, high carbohydrate UPFs, monosodium glutamate, UPFs, and advanced glycated end‐products (AGEs) was associated with the occurrence of allergic diseases. Exposure to UPFs and common ingredients in UPFs seem to be associated with increased occurrence of allergic diseases such as asthma, wheezing, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis, in many, but not all studies.ConclusionMore preclinical and clinical studies are required to better define the link between UPF consumption and the risk of allergies and asthma. These observational studies ideally require supporting data with clearly defined UPF consumption, validated dietary measures, and mechanistic assessments to definitively link UPFs with the risk of allergies and asthma.
MetFinder: A Tool for Automated Quantitation of Metastatic Burden in Histological Sections From Preclinical Models
Authors: Karz Alcida , Coudray Nicolas , Bayraktar Erol , Galbraith Kristyn , Jour George , Shadaloey Arman Alberto Sorin , Eskow Nicole , Rubanov Andrey , Navarro Maya , Moubarak Rana , Baptiste Gillian , Levinson Grace , Mezzano Valeria , Alu Mark , Loomis Cynthia , Lima Daniel , Rubens Adam , Jilaveanu Lucia , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Hernando Eva 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAs efforts to study the mechanisms of melanoma metastasis and novel therapeutic approaches multiply, researchers need accurate, high‐throughput methods to evaluate the effects on tumor burden resulting from specific interventions. We show that automated quantification of tumor content from whole slide images is a compelling solution to assess in vivo experiments. In order to increase the outflow of data collection from preclinical studies, we assembled a large dataset with annotations and trained a deep neural network for the quantitative analysis of melanoma tumor content on histopathological sections of murine models. After assessing its performance in segmenting these images, the tool obtained consistent results with an orthogonal method (bioluminescence) of measuring metastasis in an experimental setting. This AI‐based algorithm, made freely available to academic laboratories through a web‐interface called MetFinder, promises to become an asset for melanoma researchers and pathologists interested in accurate, quantitative assessment of metastasis burden.
Genetic diversity and incidence of cassava bacterial blight (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis in Burkina Faso
Authors: Yaméogo Florence , Zerbo Kevin Ben Fabrice , Blondin Laurence , Ouedraogo Léonard , Somda Irenée , Verdier Valerie , Szurek Boris , Wonni Issa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCassava bacterial blight (CBB), caused by Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis (Xpm), poses a significant threat to cassava production in Burkina Faso. Prior to this study, the geographical distribution, incidence and origin of CBB introductions were poorly understood. In this investigation, we assessed the incidence of CBB in major cassava‐cropping regions and analysed the genetic diversity of 344 Xpm strains collected from 19 fields between 2015 and 2016, using a multilocus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) scheme targeting 14 microsatellite markers. Our results reveal the presence of CBB in three out of four cropping regions, with incidences ranging from 0% to 100% at locality and variety scale. Burkina Faso's Xpm strains exhibited high genetic diversity at multiple levels, including country scale (He = 0.6), cropping region (0.43 to 0.57), locality (0.25 to 0.50) and field (0.25 to 0.52). Pairwise comparisons among populations from different cropping areas indicated a strong genetic differentiation. The categorical minimum spanning tree reveals that the Cascades region has the higher diversity indices and consequently could be the origin site of dispersion of Xpm in the other cropping regions of cassava. Human activities play a major role in the dissemination of Xpm through cassava cuttings. The importance of the sanitary state of cuttings must be emphasized in order to avoid CBB and ensure good cassava production.
To caucus or primary? Why state parties change their presidential nomination contests
Authors: Jewitt Caitlin E. , Masket Seth 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPresidential nominations are generally perceived to be under the control of primary voters and caucus‐goers, with party organizations themselves largely powerless to steer outcomes. However, parties are highly active in the background, often switching contests between primaries and caucuses or vice versa in order to influence the nomination. Despite the popular narrative of parties becoming more internally democratic and abandoning caucuses, we find numerous instances of states moving from primaries to caucuses. We examine state party switches between caucuses and primaries between 1980 and 2024, testing various theories of party change. This approach yields few systematic conclusions. Therefore, we shift to examining contemporaneous coverage of state party switches using an inductive qualitative approach, revealing a complex and dynamic nomination system and a variety of reasons why state parties choose one form of contest over another. These findings catch state parties in the act of trying to control nomination contests in surprisingly overt ways.
The Research Advances in Distant Hybridization and Gynogenesis in Fish
Authors: Liu Qizhi , Wang Shi , Tang Chenchen , Tao Min , Zhang Chun , Zhou Yi , Qin Qinbo , Luo Kaikun , Wu Chang , Hu Fangzhou , Wang Yude , Liu Qingfeng , Li Wuhui , Wang Jing , Zhao Rurong , Liu Shaojun 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTDistant hybridization and gynogenesis are two prevalent breeding techniques for fishes. Drawing from the research achievements of our team and the existing literature, we summarize the reproductive traits and genetic features of fishes derived from distant hybridizations and gynogenesis, and we deduce the fundamental mechanisms of these two methods and compare them, discerning their common and different characteristics. Both distant hybridization and gynogenesis techniques can alter genotypes and phenotypes, thus establishing them as significant breeding methods. Additionally, the genetic principles and the basic biological characteristics of distant hybridization and gynogenesis in fish have been inferred. We propose the concepts of macro‐hybrid and micro‐hybrid based on extensive experimental findings from fish distant hybridizations and gynogenesis. The term “macro‐hybrid” refers to offspring from distant hybridization that possess two distinct subgenomes, each inherited from one of the two parental species, such as allodiploid and allotetraploid lineages. The concept of “micro‐hybrid” refers to offspring, including autodiploid and autotetraploid lineages, as well as those resulting from artificial gynogenesis, whose genome almost originates solely from the maternal parent but in which certain DNA fragments derived from the paternal parent insert. Distant hybridization and gynogenesis are vital techniques in fish genetics, breeding, and evolution. We highlight the prospective paths for research and application of distant hybridization and gynogenesis in fishes.
Carving to excise, carving to create: Conversations on creating and sustaining safe spaces in higher education
Authors: Heyward Devin A. , Ayala Jennifer , Guajala Scarlett , Madore Ash , Menes Maria , Pickett Nico 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this piece, we grapple with the conditions of creating and sustaining liberatory, healing spaces connected to higher education, delivering our analysis through a fictive podcast format. We present three different scenes authored by undergraduates, tied together by common, intersecting threads of both struggle and resistance, community in/as healing amidst layered crises and traumas, and deep desires for universities to fulfill their potential as learning spaces of safety, structural critique and connection. We consider our individual and collective roles as faculty and program directors in these institutional settings, and the conditions that help and hinder opportunities for students to co‐construct or live into liberatory spaces. We also consider the threats to the sustainability and viability of these initiatives, as well as the disproportionate impact on minoritized students, staff, and faculty. These learnings are in line with research that highlights the importance of students' sense of safety and belonging, the role of student agency, and perspectives that position educators through the lens of accompaniment.
The domestic politics of the Swiss‐EU negotiations on the Institutional Framework Agreement (and beyond)
Authors: Gago Angie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article examines the domestic political dynamics surrounding the negotiations between Switzerland and the European Union (EU) on the Institutional Framework Agreement. It identifies the main domestic difficulties that prevented an agreement from being reached. The empirical reconstruction of the negotiations suggests that domestic consensus became very difficult because the issues under negotiation were two‐dimensional, activating both the anti‐EU and the left–right dimensions. Moreover, the data suggest two main factors that prevented this difficulty from being resolved. First, political parties across the political spectrum were internally divided on the issues under negotiation. Second, the worsening corporatist dynamic between the Confederation and the social partners, as well as between the social partners themselves, made it very difficult to activate the concessions to the trade unions that had been used in previous EU negotiations to secure their agreement.