bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adolescents' Prosocial Behavior Predicts Good Grades Beyond Intelligence and Personality Traits
Authors: Gerbino Maria , Zuffianò Antonio , Eisenberg Nancy , Castellani Valeria , Luengo Kanacri Bernadette Paula , Pastorelli Concetta , Caprara Gian Vittorio 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectiveResearchers have demonstrated the prediction of academic functioning by children's prosocial behavior (PB). The goal of our study was to examine the contribution of adolescents' PB for middle and senior high school grades after controlling for stability of achievement and for intelligence, Big Five traits, and sociodemographic variables (i.e., sex and socioeconomic status).MethodStudy 1 examined on 165 adolescents (48.5% boys) the prediction by peer‐reported PB in 7th grade of academic achievement at the end of junior high school, after controlling for the above variables. Study 2 examined the prediction by 927 (52% girls) 8th graders' PB of academic achievement 5 years later, at the end of senior high school, taking into account the stability of grades, personality traits, and socio‐structural variables.ResultsOverall, hierarchical regression analysis indicated in both studies PB and Openness significantly predicted better grades in the short term and over time despite the high stability of grades across 5 years. Extraversion negatively predicted academic achievement across 1 year in junior high school.ConclusionFindings supported the view of PB as a strength and a key resource for adolescents' academic attainment.
Personality Traits: A View From the Animal Kingdom
Authors: Weiss Alexander 
Published: February 2017

AbstractGiven their backgrounds in classical ethology and in comparative psychology, researchers who study animal personality in biology and psychology, respectively, differ in how they measure personality, what questions they see as important, and how they address these questions. Despite these differences, both comparative psychologists and biologists embrace personality traits. By doing so, they have solved empirical and conceptual problems in animal behavior. Studies of animal personality have provided answers to questions about the evolution of human personality and have presented conceptual and empirical anomalies for sociocognitive theories. Animal personality research does not break from trait theories of personality. Instead, it enriches trait theories by conceiving of traits as not belonging to a species, but as expressed, with some modifications, across species. Broadening trait theory in this way has the potential to further enhance its ability to answer questions related to animal and human personality.
Is Affluence a Risk for Adolescents in Norway?
Authors: Lund Terese J. , Dearing Eric , Zachrisson Henrik Daae 
Published: February 2017

Studies suggest that affluence poses a risk for adolescents, but this has rarely been studied outside the United States. We examined the unique and additive roles of family and school affluence for adolescent outcomes among 10th‐grade students (n = 7,203) in Oslo, Norway. Multilevel models were estimated separately by gender. For both boys and girls, school affluence was a risk for alcohol abuse and family affluence was a risk for conduct problems, although for conduct the risk was only at the very highest end of income distribution and adolescents in very poor families were also at risk. There was also a complex pattern of risk for early sexual debut; family affluence posed risk, but school affluence appeared protective.
Phylogenomic analysis of Picramnia, Alvaradoa, and Leitneria supports the independent Picramniales
Authors: Logacheva Maria D. , Shipunov Alexey B. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPicramniales is a recently established monotypic order that has not yet acquired a stable position on the phylogenetic tree of flowering plants. While Picramnia and Alvaradoa were transferred from Simaroubaceae (Sapindales) into Picramniaceae (Picramniales), Leitneria was transferred from the “hamamelids” into Simaroubaceae. Using next‐generation sequencing, we obtained plastome sequences of Picramnia and Alvaradoa (partial) and Leitneria (complete). Protein coding and rRNA genes common for flowering plant plastomes were used for phylogenetic analysis. The resulting phylogenetic trees demonstrate a robust placement of Picramniales among the rosids as a sister group to Sapindales + Brassicales + Malvales. Leitneria is placed as a sister to Citrus. We also found that the plastome of Leitneria carries ycf68 gene that is absent from most other rosids and infA pseudogene.
Pericyte modulation by a functional antibody obtained by a novel single‐cell selection strategy
Authors: Just Jesper , Lykkemark Simon , Nielsen Charlotte H. , Roshenas Ali R. , Drasbek Kim R. , Petersen Steen V. , Bek Toke , Kristensen Peter 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectivePericytes surround the endothelial cells of the microvasculature where they serve as active participants in crucial vascular functions such as angiogenesis, stability, and permeability. However, pericyte loss or dysfunction has been described in a number of pathologies. Targeting pericytes could therefore prove instrumental in the further development of vascular therapeutics.MethodsTo target the pericyte, a proteomic‐based approach using antibody phage display was conducted. We present a novel single‐cell selection strategy, with a modified selection step to drive the selection of antibodies toward relevant pericyte epitopes.ResultsCharacterization of the selected antibodies revealed two antibodies with binding specificity for pericytes. The cognate antigen of one of the antibodies was identified as pericyte‐expressed fibronectin. This antibody was shown to be a potent inhibitor of pericyte migration and to induce a pro‐angiogenic response when included in a pericyte‐endothelial cell co‐culture angiogenesis assay.ConclusionsThe selection method provides an efficient platform for the selection of functional antibodies which target pericytes. We obtain an antibody that interacts with a fibronectin epitope important for pericyte mobility and functionality. Targeting of this epitope in pathologies where pericytes are implicated could potentially be of therapeutic benefit.
Chronic Pain Features Relate to Quality of Life More than Physiopathology: A Cross‐Sectional Evaluation in Pain Clinics
Authors: Pérez Concepción , Margarit César , Sánchez‐Magro Isabel , de Antonio Ana , Villoria Jesús 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the impact of chronic pain physiopathology on health‐related quality of life (HR‐QoL), considering the influence of pain features and psychosocial adjustment (intensity, interference, psychological comorbidities, and sleep quality).DesignA cross‐sectional study involving 1,025 noncancer patients with predominantly neuropathic, nociceptive, or mixed chronic pain conditions was conducted in 88 pain clinics within Spain. The EuroQol‐5 Dimensions instrument (EQ‐5D) was used to measure HR‐QoL. The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and sleep scale developed for the MOS study (MOS‐SQ) were used to measure pain features and psychosocial adjustment. Multivariate analyses were used to model HR‐QoL measures.ResultsAll patients reported very low HR‐QoL. The mean EQ‐5D index scores were 0.33, 0.36, and 0.37 in the mixed, neuropathic, and nociceptive pain groups, respectively. The differences did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.057). Patients with nociceptive pain had less pain (least pain intensity score: 4.7 vs. 5.2 in the other groups; P = 0.006), less interference with daily activities (BPI average interference score: 6.3 vs. 6.6 and 6.7 in the neuropathic and mixed pain groups, respectively; P = 0.013), less anxiety (HADS score: 8.5 vs. 9.6 and 9.7 in the same respective groups; P = 0.001), and fewer sleep problems (MOS‐SQ sleep problems index: 46.8 vs. 52.2 and 50.2 in the same respective groups; P = 0.005). In the adjusted analyses, HR‐QoL measures were explained by pain intensity, anxiety, and sleep quality, but not by physiopathological pain type.ConclusionsPain features, particularly intensity, have a greater impact than pain physiopathology on HR‐QoL. Distinct physiopathological mechanisms give rise to different pain features that, in turn, may mediate the HR‐QoL of patients with chronic pain. This could be used to improve pain management strategies.
Patients hospitalized with an infective exacerbation of bronchiectasis unrelated to cystic fibrosis: Clinical, physiological and sputum characteristics
Authors: Venning Victoria , Bartlett James , Jayaram Lata 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveBronchiectasis is a growing health burden both globally and in Australasia. Associated with repeated respiratory infections, the disease often results in hospital admission, impaired quality of life, reduced lung function and shortened life expectancy. We describe the local clinical, physiological and sputum characteristics in patients hospitalized with an infective exacerbation of bronchiectasis.MethodsThis study examined the medical records of all 61 adults admitted to a metropolitan Australian hospital with an infective exacerbation of bronchiectasis in a calendar year.ResultsBaseline characteristics include: mean (SD) age of participants was 66 (14) years; 56% were women and 42% were current or ex‐smokers. The majority had other coexisting medical conditions, with asthma in 44%, COPD in 59% and both asthma and COPD in 31%. Seventy‐two percent were on regular inhaled medication, 23% on cyclical antibiotics and 26% undertook regular respiratory physiotherapy. Bronchodilator reversibility was present in 17% and small airway reversibility in 41%. Sputum demonstrated normal flora in 17%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 32%, Haemophilus influenzae in 15% and both organisms in 17%. Mean numbers of exacerbations per year requiring hospitalization was 2.3. Sixty‐two percent of subjects had an Index of Relative Socio‐Economic Disadvantage in deciles 1–5. Risk factors for exacerbations included a history of asthma or COPD, documented small airway reversibility and presence of P. aeruginosa.ConclusionPatients hospitalized with an infective exacerbation of bronchiectasis are predominantly older with co‐morbidities and of lower socio‐economic status. Presence of P. aeruginosa was a risk factor for repeated exacerbations, as was a history of asthma, COPD or small airway reversibility.
Do Environmental Concerns Affect Commuting Choices?: Hybrid Choice Modelling with Household Survey Data
Authors: Roberts Jennifer , Popli Gurleen , Harris Rosemary J. 
Published: February 2017

Summary
To meet ambitious climate change goals governments must encourage behavioural change alongside technological progress. Designing effective policy requires a thorough understanding of the factors that drive behaviours. In an effort to understand the role of environmental attitudes better we estimate a hybrid choice model (HCM) for commuting mode choice by using a large household survey data set. HCMs combine traditional discrete choice models with a structural equation model to integrate latent variables, such as attitudes, into the choice process. To date HCMs have utilized small bespoke data sets, beset with problems of selection and limited generalizability. To overcome these problems we demonstrate the feasibility of using this valuable modelling approach with nationally representative data. Our results suggest that environmental attitudes have an important influence on commute mode choice, and this can be exploited by governments looking to add to their climate change policy toolbox in an effort to change travel behaviours.
Development of the Platelet Efficacy Score (PEscore) to predict the efficacy of platelet transfusion in oncohematologic patients
Authors: Quaglietta Anna , Di Saverio Maura , Lucisano Giuseppe , Accorsi Patrizia , Nicolucci Antonio 
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUNDDespite the prophylactic use of platelet transfusion, hemorrhagic complications still represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with hematologic malignancies. Patient‐related factors and characteristics of the transfused product can affect transfusion efficacy.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSThe aim of this study was to develop and validate the Platelet Efficacy Score (PEscore), based on patient and product characteristics, to predict the likelihood of a satisfactory platelet transfusion (absolute increment ≥10.5 × 109/L). This study utilized data relative to 16,265 platelet transfusions performed in 1592 oncohematologic patients. The whole sample was divided into two random samples: a training set, in which different patient‐related and transfusion‐related characteristics were included in a predictive model to develop the PEscore; and a validation set, in which the predictive properties of the PEscore were confirmed. In the training set, multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed in which the likelihood of attaining a satisfactory transfusion was modeled.RESULTSThe predictive score ranged between 0 and 30. Predictive properties of the PEscore were confirmed by the observed rates of satisfactory transfusions in the validation sample; the probability of a satisfactory transfusion was less than 10% for a score less than 12 and exceeded 50% if the score was 22 or higher. The likelihood of a satisfactory transfusion increased by 29% for a 1‐unit increase in the PEscore (odds ratio, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.27‐1.31).CONCLUSIONThe availability of a prediction score can increase transfusion efficacy, help the transfusion medicine specialist in the choice of the best product for the individual patient, and avoid waste of resources.
Autologous lymphapheresis for the production of chimeric antigen receptor T cells
Authors: Allen Elizabeth S. , Stroncek David F. , Ren Jiaqiang , Eder Anne F. , West Kamille A. , Fry Terry J. , Lee Daniel W. , Mackall Crystal L. , Conry‐Cantilena Cathy 
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUNDThe first step in manufacturing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells is to collect autologous CD3+ lymphocytes by apheresis. Patients, however, often have leukopenia or have other disease‐related complications. We evaluated the feasibility of collecting adequate numbers of CD3+ cells, risk factors for inadequate collections, and the rate of adverse events.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSApheresis lymphocyte collections from patients participating in three CAR T‐cell clinical trials were reviewed. Collections were performed on the COBE Spectra by experienced nurses, with the goal of obtaining a minimum of 0.6 × 109 and a target of 2 × 109 CD3+ cells. Preapheresis peripheral blood counts, apheresis parameters, and product cell counts were analyzed.RESULTSOf the 71 collections, 69 (97%) achieved the minimum and 55 (77%) achieved the target. Before apheresis, the 16 patients with yields below the target had significantly lower proportions and absolute numbers of circulating lymphocytes and CD3+ lymphocytes and higher proportions of circulating blasts and NK cells than those who achieved the target (470 × 106 lymphocytes/L vs. 1340 × 106 lymphocytes/L, p = 0.008; 349 × 106 CD3+ cells/L vs. 914 × 106 CD3+ cells/L, p = 0.001; 17.6% blasts vs. 4.55% blasts, p = 0.029). Enrichment of blasts in the product compared to the peripheral blood occurred in four patients, including the two patients whose collections did not yield the minimum number of CD3+ cells. Apheresis complications occurred in 11 patients (15%) and, with one exception, were easily managed in the apheresis clinic.CONCLUSIONSIn most patients undergoing CAR T‐cell therapy, leukapheresis is well tolerated, and adequate numbers of CD3+ lymphocytes are collected.
An international survey on the role of the hospital transfusion committee
Authors: Yazer Mark H. , Lozano Miguel , Fung Mark , Kutner Jose , Murphy Michael F. , Oveland Apelseth Torunn , Pogłód Ryszard , Selleng Kathleen , Tinmouth Alan , Wendel Silvano , Yahalom Vered ,   on behalf of the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUNDHospital transfusion committees (HTCs) can oversee all aspects of transfusion practice at a hospital. This survey sought to identify which quality variables were being reported at HTCs around the world.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSA working party composed of members of the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) collaborative developed a survey of quality variables that could be potentially presented at HTC meetings. The survey was electronically sent to all BEST members who were encouraged to complete it if they were active on an HTC and to send it to other colleagues with similar experience. An expert panel was convened to determine which quality variables are the most important for review at HTC meetings.RESULTSThere were 121 respondents; the majority were from Europe (52%), Asia (19%), or North America (19%). Most respondents (68%) were at university hospitals. Of the 117 (97%) respondents with an HTC, the committee most often met quarterly (42%) and reviewed transfusion reactions (79%) and risk management–reported events (52%). The HTCs most commonly included transfusion medicine physicians, anesthesiologists, and other physicians who regularly transfuse blood products. Some of the most commonly reported quality variables included number of blood products transfused, wasted, and expired and the number of improperly labeled specimens. The expert panel analysis revealed that some variables that were deemed important were not being frequently reported at HTCs.CONCLUSIONThere is variability in the variables being reported at HTCs around the world with some important variables not frequently reported.
p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase regulates mitochondrial function and microvesicle release in riboflavin‐ and ultraviolet light–treated apheresis platelet concentrates
Authors: Chen Zhongming , Schubert Peter , Bakkour Sonia , Culibrk Brankica , Busch Michael P. , Devine Dana V. 
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUNDBiochemical analyses of mechanisms triggered in platelets (PLTs) upon pathogen inactivation (PI) are crucial to further understand the impact of PI on PLT functionality and, subsequently, quality.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSPLT concentrates (PCs) were split into four small illumination bags: 1) untreated control, 2) treated with riboflavin and ultraviolet light (RF/UV), and spiked with 3) solvent control dimethyl sulfoxide and 4) p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB203580 before RF/UV treatment. Flow cytometry was used to monitor PLT mitochondrial potential (ΔΨm); generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS); and release of microvesicles (MVs), mitochondria (MT), and MVs containing MT (MVs/MT). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to quantify extracellular mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Translocation of selected mitochondrial proteins was analyzed in subcellular fractions by immunoblot.RESULTSRF/UV treatment triggered an increased mitochondrial translocation of both Bax and Bid (p < 0.05, Day 7) and cytochromecrelease (p < 0.01, Day 7), loss of ΔΨm(p < 0.05, Day 5 and Day 7), and ROS generation (p < 0.01, Day 5 and Day 7) in PCs compared to the untreated control during storage. These PI‐triggered changes were inhibited by SB203580 (p < 0.05). The release of MVs, MT, and MVs/MT was increased upon the RF/UV treatment during storage (p < 0.05) and, with the exception of MT, the release was decreased by the inhibitor (p < 0.05). qPCR analysis showed that RF/UV does not trigger mtDNA release during storage.CONCLUSIONThese findings further our understanding of mechanisms in PLTs initiated by the RF/UV treatment, demonstrating that this treatment induces p38 MAPK‐dependent mitochondrial signaling and MV release in apheresis PCs.
Prioritizing of bacterial infections transmitted through substances of human origin in Europe
Authors: Domanović Dragoslav , Cassini Alessandro , Bekeredjian‐Ding Isabelle , Bokhorst Arlinke , Bouwknegt Martijn , Facco Giuseppina , Galea George , Grossi Paolo , Jashari Ramadan , Jungbauer Christoph , Marcelis Jan , Raluca‐Siska Ioana , Andersson‐Vonrosen Inger , Suk Jonathan E. 
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUNDBacteria are the pathogens most frequently transmitted through substances of human origin (SoHO). The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) organized an expert consultation, with the objective of developing a priority list of bacterial pathogens transmissible via SoHO. The list will be used to further assess risks and determine appropriate preventive measures.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSThe 14 most frequently SoHO‐transmitted bacteria identified through a scoping literature review were then prioritized during an expert workshop through a methodology based on multicriteria decision analysis. The selection of the prioritization method was based upon an ECDC framework for best practices in conducting risk‐ranking exercises. Three transmission pathways, blood and blood components, tissues and cells, and organs, were considered in the ranking exercise.RESULTSAccording to the ranking score (RS), bacteria were organized within each SoHO pathway into one of four risk tiers: Tier 1 (RS ≥ 0.70), Tier 2 (RS = 0.60‐0.69), Tier 3 (RS = 0.40‐0.59), or Tier 4 (RS < 0.40). The most consistently identified pathogens in the highest risk Tiers 1 and 2 of all three pathways were: Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp., Escherichia coli, β‐hemolytic streptococci, Pseudomonas spp., and Acinetobacter spp.CONCLUSIONSix bacteria were defined as being of the highest priority in respect of the threat to the safety of SoHO and will be the subject of subsequent in‐depth risk assessments to be conducted by ECDC to identify measures to mitigate the risk posed by these bacteria.