bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective Evaluation of Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Treatment for Myopia Using the WaveLight Refractive Suite
Authors: Cummings Arthur , Durrie Daniel , Gordon Michael , Williams Ravaughn , Gow James A. , Maus Matthias 
Published: May 2017

PURPOSE:
To evaluate outcomes in patients with myopia up to −12.00 diopters (D), with or without astigmatism up to 6.00 D, who underwent LASIK with the WaveLight Refractive Suite (Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX).

METHODS:
This multicenter, prospective, single-arm study evaluated patients at baseline, on the day of surgery, and 1 day and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. The primary outcome was comparison of 1-month postoperative binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) with preoperative binocular corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA). Noninferiority was defined as the upper bound of the 95% confidence interval less than 0.1 logMAR. Post-hoc analyses for superiority were conducted for monocular and binocular CDVA at 1, 3, and 6 months. Continuous variables were summarized using mean (95% confidence interval), median, quartiles, standard deviation, minimum and maximum, and categorical variables as counts and percentages.

RESULTS:

Of the 96 patients (54% female, mean age: 31 years), 5 underwent monocular and 91 binocular LASIK surgery (187 eyes). Preoperatively, mean binocular CDVA was −0.025 ± 0.126 logMAR, mean binocular UDVA was 1.148 ± 0.626 logMAR, and mean manifest spherical refraction equivalent was −3.67 ± 1.98 D. Postoperative binocular UDVA at 1 month (−0.088 ± 0.107 logMAR) was noninferior to preoperative binocular CDVA. Postoperative binocular UDVA at 1, 3 (−0.098 ± 0.107 logMAR), and 6 months (−0.105 ± 0.113 logMAR) were significantly superior to preoperative binocular CDVA (
P
< .0001 each).

CONCLUSIONS:
The primary study objective was exceeded; postoperative UDVA was significantly superior to preoperative CDVA in patients with myopia and myopia with astigmatism who underwent LASIK with the WaveLight Refractive Suite.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(5):322–328.]
Management of Interface Fluid Syndrome After LASIK by Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty in a Patient With Fuchs' Corneal Endothelial Dystrophy
Authors: Shajari Mehdi , Rafiezadeh Parviz , Pavlovic Ivana , Kubiak Kate Barbara , Kohnen Thomas , Schmack Ingo 
Published: May 2017

PURPOSE:
To report a case of interface fluid syndrome after LASIK in a patient with Fuchs' corneal endothelial dystrophy treated with Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

METHODS:
Case report.

RESULTS:
A 74-year-old patient presented with interface fluid syndrome and was treated with DMEK. Its complications in the form of partial graft detachment and cystoid macular edema were successfully managed by rebubbling and topical treatment, respectively. The treatment led to amelioration of both visual acuity and patient satisfaction. At the examination 6 months after DMEK, the cornea was clear and corrected distance visual acuity improved to a satisfactory level.

CONCLUSIONS:
Interface fluid syndrome can develop many years after LASIK as a result of corneal endothelial decompensation and can be effectively treated with DMEK. Close postoperative monitoring of patients is paramount to intervene therapeutically in case of transplant detachment or development of cystoid macular edema requiring further surgical or conservative management.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(5):347–350.]
Topography-Guided LASIK Versus Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) for Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism: A Randomized, Prospective, Contralateral Eye Study
Authors: Kanellopoulos Anastasios John 
Published: May 2017

PURPOSE:
To compare safety and efficacy of topography-guided LASIK and contralateral eye SMILE for myopia and myopic astigmatism correction.

METHODS:
This prospective, randomized contralateral eye study included 44 eyes of 22 patients with bilateral myopia or myopic astigmatism. Treated eyes were divided into two groups: 22 eyes were treated with topography-guided LASIK and the fellow eye of each patient was treated with SMILE. The following parameters were evaluated preoperatively and up to 3 months postoperatively: uncorrected distance vision acuity (UDVA), corrected distance vision acuity (CDVA), refractive error, corneal keratometry, contrast sensitivity, and Objective Scatter Index.

RESULTS:

At 3 months, 86.4% of the LASIK group and 68.2% of the SMILE group had UDVA of 20/20 (
P
< .002) and 59.1% and 31.8%, respectively, had UDVA of 20/16 (
P
< .002). Spherical equivalent refraction (±0.50 D) was 95.5% for the LASIK group and 77.3% for the SMILE group (
P
< .002). Residual refraction cylinder (≤ 0.25 D) was 81.8% for the LASIK group and 50% for the SMILE group (
P
< .001). Contrast sensitivity (6 cycles/degree) was 7.2 ± 1.01 in the LASIK group and 6.20 ± 1.52 in the SMILE group. Objective Scatter Index measurements at 3 months were 1.35 in the LASIK group and 1.42 in the SMILE group.

CONCLUSIONS:
Topography-guided LASIK was superior in all visual performance parameters studied, both subjective and objective. The main difference between the two techniques likely derives from the eye tracking, cyclorotation compensation, and active centration control in the LASIK technology studied in contrast to the current technology available with SMILE-like procedures. This difference appears to affect refractive and visual aberration performance outcomes.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(5):306–312.]
Cutting Edge: ERK1 Mediates the Autocrine Positive Feedback Loop of TGF-β and Furin in Glioma-Initiating Cells
Authors: Ventura Elisa , Weller Michael , Burghardt Isabel 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive intrinsic brain tumor in adults. Self-renewing, highly tumorigenic glioma-initiating cells (GIC) have been linked to glioma invasive properties, immunomodulation, and increased angiogenesis, leading to resistance to therapy. TGF-β signaling has been associated with the tumorigenic activity of GIC. TGF-β is synthesized as a precursor molecule and proteolytically processed to the mature form by members of the family of the proprotein convertases subtilisin/kexin. In this study we report that furin is unique among the proprotein convertases subtilisin/kexin in being highly expressed in human GIC. Furin cleaves and promotes activation of pro–TGF-β1 and pro–TGF-β2, and TGF-β2 in turn increases furin levels. Notably, TGF-β2 controls furin activity in an ALK-5–dependent manner involving the ERK/MAPK pathway. We thus uncover a role of ERK1 in the regulation of furin activity by supporting a self-sustaining loop for high TGF-β activity in GIC.
Recruitment of Human C1 Esterase Inhibitor Controls Complement Activation on Blood Stage Plasmodium falciparum Merozoites
Authors: Kennedy Alexander T. , Wijeyewickrema Lakshmi C. , Huglo Alisee , Lin Clara , Pike Robert , Cowman Alan F. , Tham Wai-Hong 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The complement system is a front-line defense system that opsonizes and lyses invading pathogens. To survive, microbes exposed to serum must evade the complement response. To achieve this, many pathogens recruit soluble human complement regulators to their surfaces and hijack their regulatory function for protection from complement activation. C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) is a soluble regulator of complement activation that negatively regulates the classical and lectin pathways of complement to protect human tissue from aberrant activation. In this article, we show that Plasmodium falciparum merozoites, the invasive form of blood stage malaria parasites, actively recruit C1-INH to their surfaces when exposed to human serum. We identified PfMSP3.1, a member of the merozoite surface protein 3 family of merozoite surface proteins, as the direct interaction partner. When bound to the merozoite surface, C1-INH retains its ability to complex with and inhibit C1s, MASP1, and MASP2, the activating proteases of the complement cascade. P. falciparum merozoites that lack PfMSP3.1 showed a marked reduction in C1-INH recruitment and increased C3b deposition on their surfaces. However, these ΔPfMSP3.1 merozoites exhibit enhanced invasion of RBCs in the presence of active complement. This study characterizes an immune-evasion strategy used by malaria parasites and highlights the complex relationship between merozoites and the complement system.
Symmetric Products of Equivariantly Formal Spaces
Authors: Franz Matthias 
Published: May 2017

AbstractLet X be a CW complex with a continuous action of a topological group G. We show that if X is equivariantly formal for singular cohomology with coefficients in some field , then so are all symmetric products of X and in fact all its Γ-products. In particular, symmetric products of quasi-projective M-varieties are again M-varieties. This generalizes a result by Biswas and D’Mello about symmetric products of M-curves. We also discuss several related questions.
Deferred Correction Methods for Forward Backward Stochastic Differential Equations
Authors: Tang Tao , Zhao Weidong , Zhou Tao 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe deferred correction (DC) method is a classical method for solving ordinary differential equations; one of its key features is to iteratively use lower order numerical methods so that high-order numerical scheme can be obtained. The main advantage of the DC approach is its simplicity and robustness. In this paper, the DC idea will be adopted to solve forward backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs) which have practical importance in many applications. Noted that it is difficult to design high-order and relatively “clean” numerical schemes for FBSDEs due to the involvement of randomness and the coupling of the FSDEs and BSDEs. This paper will describe how to use the simplest Euler method in each DC step–leading to simple computational complexity–to achieve high order rate of convergence.
High Order Hierarchical Divergence-Free Constrained Transport H(div) Finite Element Method for Magnetic Induction Equation
Authors: Cai Wei , Hu Jun , Zhang Shangyou 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we propose to use the interior functions of an hierarchical basis for high order BDMp elements to enforce the divergence-free condition of a magnetic field B approximated by the H(div)BDMp basis. The resulting constrained finite element method can be used to solve magnetic induction equation in MHD equations. The proposed procedure is based on the fact that the scalar (p–1)-th order polynomial space on each element can be decomposed as an orthogonal sum of the subspace defined by the divergence of the interior functions of the p-th order BDMp basis and the constant function. Therefore, the interior functions can be used to remove element-wise all higher order terms except the constant in the divergence error of the finite element solution of the B-field. The constant terms from each element can be then easily corrected using a first order H(div) basis globally. Numerical results for a 3-D magnetic induction equation show the effectiveness of the proposed method in enforcing divergence-free condition of the magnetic field.
High Order Mass-Lumping Finite Elements on Simplexes
Authors: Cui Tao , Leng Wei , Lin Deng , Ma Shichao , Zhang Linbo 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the construction of high order mass-lumping finite elements on simplexes and a program for computing mass-lumping finite elements on triangles and tetrahedra. The polynomial spaces for mass-lumping finite elements, as proposed in the literature, are presented and discussed. In particular, the unisolvence problem of symmetric point-sets for the polynomial spaces used in mass-lumping elements is addressed, and an interesting property of the unisolvent symmetric point-sets is observed and discussed. Though its theoretical proof is still lacking, this property seems to be true in general, and it can greatly reduce the number of cases to consider in the computations of mass-lumping elements. A program for computing mass-lumping finite elements on triangles and tetrahedra, derived from the code for computing numerical quadrature rules presented in [7], is introduced. New mass-lumping finite elements on triangles found using this program with higher orders, namely 7, 8 and 9, than those available in the literature are reported.
Computing Residual Diffusivity by Adaptive Basis Learning via Spectral Method
Authors: Lyu Jiancheng , Xin Jack , Yu Yifeng 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe study the residual diffusion phenomenon in chaotic advection computationally via adaptive orthogonal basis. The chaotic advection is generated by a class of time periodic cellular flows arising in modeling transition to turbulence in Rayleigh-Bénard experiments. The residual diffusion refers to the non-zero effective (homogenized) diffusion in the limit of zero molecular diffusion as a result of chaotic mixing of the streamlines. In this limit, the solutions of the advection-diffusion equation develop sharp gradients, and demand a large number of Fourier modes to resolve, rendering computation expensive. We construct adaptive orthogonal basis (training) with built-in sharp gradient structures from fully resolved spectral solutions at few sampled molecular diffusivities. This is done by taking snapshots of solutions in time, and performing singular value decomposition of the matrix consisting of these snapshots as column vectors. The singular values decay rapidly and allow us to extract a small percentage of left singular vectors corresponding to the top singular values as adaptive basis vectors. The trained orthogonal adaptive basis makes possible low cost computation of the effective diffusivities at smaller molecular diffusivities (testing). The testing errors decrease as the training occurs at smaller molecular diffusivities. We make use of the Poincaré map of the advection-diffusion equation to bypass long time simulation and gain accuracy in computing effective diffusivity and learning adaptive basis. We observe a non-monotone relationship between residual diffusivity and the amount of chaos in the advection, though the overall trend is that sufficient chaos leads to higher residual diffusivity.
Autonomous marine hyperspectral radiometers for determining solar irradiances and aerosol optical properties
Authors: Wood John , Smyth Tim J. , Estellés Victor 
Published: May 2017

Abstract. We have developed two hyperspectral radiometer systems which require no moving parts, shade rings or motorised tracking, making them ideally suited for autonomous use in the inhospitable remote marine environment. Both systems are able to measure direct and diffuse hyperspectral irradiance in the wavelength range 350–1050 nm at 6 nm (Spectrometer 1) or 3.5 nm (Spectrometer 2) resolution. Marine field trials along a 100° transect (between 50° N and 50° S) of the Atlantic Ocean resulted in close agreement with existing commercially available instruments in measuring (1) photosynthetically available radiation (PAR), with both spectrometers giving regression slopes close to unity (Spectrometer 1: 0.960; Spectrometer 2: 1.006) and R2  ∼  0.96; (2) irradiant energy, with R2 ∼  0.98 and a regression slope of 0.75 which can be accounted for by the difference in wavelength integration range; and (3) hyperspectral irradiance where the agreement on average was between 2 and 5 %. Two long duration land-based field campaigns of up to 18 months allowed both spectrometers to be well calibrated. This was also invaluable for empirically correcting for the wider field of view (FOV) of the spectrometers in comparison with the current generation of sun photometers ( ∼  7.5° compared with  ∼  1°). The need for this correction was also confirmed and independently quantified by atmospheric radiative transfer modelling and found to be a function of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and solar zenith angle. Once Spectrometer 2 was well calibrated and the FOV effect corrected for, the RMSE in retrievals of AOD when compared with a CIMEL sun photometer were reduced to  ∼  0.02–0.03 with R2 > 0.95 at wavelengths 440, 500, 670 and 870 nm. Corrections for the FOV as well as ship motion were applied to the data from the marine field trials. This resulted in AOD500 nm ranging between 0.05 in the clear background marine aerosol regions and  ∼  0.5 within the Saharan dust plume. The RMSE between the handheld Microtops sun photometer and Spectrometer 2 was between 0.047 and 0.057 with R2 > 0.94.
Coseismic displacements of the 14 November 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikoura, New Zealand, earthquake using the Planet optical cubesat constellation
Authors: Kääb Andreas , Altena Bas , Mascaro Joseph 
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Satellite measurements of coseismic displacements are typically based on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry or amplitude tracking, or based on optical data such as from Landsat, Sentinel-2, SPOT, ASTER, very high-resolution satellites, or air photos. Here, we evaluate a new class of optical satellite images for this purpose – data from cubesats. More specific, we investigate the PlanetScope cubesat constellation for horizontal surface displacements by the 14 November 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikoura, New Zealand, earthquake. Single PlanetScope scenes are 2–4 m-resolution visible and near-infrared frame images of approximately 20–30 km  ×  9–15 km in size, acquired in continuous sequence along an orbit of approximately 375–475 km height. From single scenes or mosaics from before and after the earthquake, we observe surface displacements of up to almost 10 m and estimate matching accuracies from PlanetScope data between ±0.25 and ±0.7 pixels (∼ ±0.75 to ±2.0 m), depending on time interval and image product type. Thereby, the most optimistic accuracy estimate of ±0.25 pixels might actually be typical for the final, sun-synchronous, and near-polar-orbit PlanetScope constellation when unrectified data are used for matching. This accuracy, the daily revisit anticipated for the PlanetScope constellation for the entire land surface of Earth, and a number of other features, together offer new possibilities for investigating coseismic and other Earth surface displacements and managing related hazards and disasters, and complement existing SAR and optical methods. For comparison and for a better regional overview we also match the coseismic displacements by the 2016 Kaikoura earthquake using Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 data.
Identification of regional soil quality factors and indicators: a case study on an alluvial plain (central Turkey)
Authors: Şeker Cevdet , Özaytekin Hasan Hüseyin , Negiş Hamza , Gümüş İlknur , Dedeoğlu Mert , Atmaca Emel , Karaca Ümmühan 
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Sustainable agriculture largely depends on soil quality. The evaluation of agricultural soil quality is essential for economic success and environmental stability in rapidly developing regions. In this context, a wide variety of methods using vastly different indicators are currently used to evaluate soil quality. This study was conducted in one of the most important irrigated agriculture areas of Konya in central Anatolia, Turkey, to analyze the soil quality indicators of Çumra County in combination with an indicator selection method, with the minimum data set using a total of 38 soil parameters. We therefore determined a minimum data set with principle component analysis to assess soil quality in the study area and soil quality was evaluated on the basis of a scoring function. From the broad range of soil properties analyzed, the following parameters were chosen: field capacity, bulk density, aggregate stability, and permanent wilting point (from physical soil properties); electrical conductivity, Mn, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, pH, and NO3-N (from chemical soil properties); and urease enzyme activity, root health value, organic carbon, respiration, and potentially mineralized nitrogen (from biological properties). According to the results, the chosen properties were found as the most sensitive indicators of soil quality and they can be used as indicators for evaluating and monitoring soil quality at a regional scale.
Convergence Analysis for Mixed Finite Element Method of Positive Semi-definite Problems
Authors: Yuan Yirang 
Published: May 2017

A mixed element-characteristic finite element method is put forward to approximate three-dimensional incompressible miscible positive semi-definite displacement problems in porous media. The mathematical model is formulated by a nonlinear partial differential system. The flow equation is approximated by a mixed element scheme, and the pressure and Darcy velocity are computed at the same time. The concentration equation is treated by the method of characteristic finite element, where the convection term is discretized along the characteristics and the diffusion term is computed by the scheme of finite element. The method of characteristics can confirm strong computation stability at the sharp fronts and avoid numerical dispersion and nonphysical oscillation. Furthermore, a large step is adopted while small time truncation error and high order accuracy are obtained. It is an important feature in numerical simulation of seepage mechanics that the mixed volume element can compute the pressure and Darcy velocity simultaneously and the accuracy of Darcy velocity is improved one order. Using the form of variation, energy method, $L^2$ projection and the technique of priori estimates of differential equations, we show convergence analysis for positive semi-definite problems. Then a powerfu tool is given to solve international famous problems.
A revision of Ichneumonopsis Hardy, 1973 (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Gastrozonini), Oriental bamboo-shoot fruit flies
Authors: Freidberg Amnon , Kovac Damir , Shiao Shiuh-Feng 
Published: May 2017

Ichneumonopsis Hardy,1973, a genus of oriental fruit flies, is revised and two new species, I. hancocki sp. nov. (from Peninsular Malaysia) and I. taiwanensis sp. nov. (from Taiwan), are described. A key to the three species of Ichneumonopsis is presented. In northern Thailand larvae of I. burmensis Hardy, 1973 develop in bamboo shoots of Pseudoxytenanthera albociliata (Munro) Nguyen and Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxburgh) Nees (Poaceae), not Melocalamus compactiflorus as previously reported. The recently discovered association of I. burmensis with bamboo substantiates our previous assumption assigning Ichneumonopsis to the primarily bamboo-inhabiting tribe Gastrozonini. Hence, we synonymize Ichneumonopsidini under Gastrozonini (syn. nov.).
Mongo Beti de retour d’exil : du roman-feuilleton au roman
Authors: Mokam Yvonne-Marie 
Published: May 2017

En 1998, M. Pius Njawé, directeur de publication du journal Le Messager, fut emprisonné pour avoir diffusé de « fausses informations » à propos de la santé du Président du Cameroun. Mongo Beti décida de publier son roman Mystères en vrac sur la ville pour soutenir ce pionnier de la presse indépendante, défenseur de la liberté d’expression depuis sa fondation en 1979. Mon article a pour but : 1) de passer en revue les stratégies d’écriture qui ont rendu cette publication en feuilleton possible malgré le fait que cette oeuvre de fiction n’était pas conçue au départ pour ce genre littéraire ; 2) d’examiner les procédures mises en place par l’éditeur pour susciter et pour maintenir l’intérêt des lecteurs ; 3) de déterminer quelles modifications ont été faites ensuite lors de la transformation du feuilleton en roman sous le titre Trop de soleil tue l’amour.