bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre‐retirement job and the work‐to‐retirement occupational transition process in Australia: A review
Authors: Eagers Jackie , Franklin Richard C. , Yau Matthew K. , Broome Kieran 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundThe transition from work to retirement is a complex process and unique experience with a relationship existing between work and retirement with implications for health in later life. This review explored the relationship between pre‐retirement job and participation in the work‐to‐retirement transition process in Australia by exploring: (i) factors influencing retirement in relation to pre‐retirement job; (ii) how jobs are classified; (iii) the effect of pre‐retirement job (based on categories) on this occupational transition; and (iv) the potential role for occupational therapy in this occupational transition.MethodAn integrative literature review was completed. PRISMA guidelines were used. Study designs were analysed for methodological quality using the National Health and Medical Research Council levels of evidence. Thematic analysis determined retirement factors which were used to compare differences between jobs.ResultsThis review included 15 papers. There were two Level III‐2, one Level III‐3 and 13 Level IV studies. Factors influencing retirement related to the stages of work, preparation, transition and retired. White collar and blue collar was the most common job classification system. Although white collar and blue collar worker definitions utilised were inconsistent, differences between the two groups were still determined in all stages.ConclusionDifferences in the work‐to‐retirement transition process, based on pre‐retirement job, are evident. Understanding differences by job groupings may assist occupational therapists to understand individualised needs during this occupational transition and subsequent tailoring of interventions (both individual and group based) to enable engagement in meaningful occupation in the work‐to‐retirement occupational transition to effect active healthy ageing.
Management of gout and hyperuricemia: Multidisciplinary consensus in Taiwan
Authors: Yu Kuang‐Hui , Chen Der‐Yuan , Chen Jiunn‐Horng , Chen Shih‐Yang , Chen Shyh‐Ming , Cheng Tien‐Tsai , Hsieh Song‐Chou , Hsieh Tsu‐Yi , Hsu Pai‐Feng , Kuo Chang‐Fu , Kuo Mei‐Chuan , Lam Hing‐Chung , Lee I‐Te , Liang Toong‐Hua , Lin Hsiao‐Yi , Lin Shih‐Chang , Tsai Wen‐Pin , Tsay Gregory J. , Wei James Cheng‐Chung , Yang Chung‐Han , Tsai Wen‐Chan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractGout is an inflammatory disease manifested by the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in joints, cartilage, synovial bursa, tendons or soft tissues. Gout is not a new disease, which was first documented nearly 5,000 years ago. The prevalence of gout has increased globally in recent years, imposing great disease burden worldwide. Moreover, gout or hyperuricemia is clearly associated with a variety of comorbidities, including cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, urolithiasis, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction, and psoriasis. To prevent acute arthritis attacks and complications, earlier use of pharmacotherapeutic treatment should be considered, and patients with hyperuricemia and previous episodes of acute gouty arthritis should receive long‐term urate‐lowering treatment. Urate‐lowering drugs should be used during the inter‐critical and chronic stages to prevent recurrent gout attacks, which may elicit gradual resolution of tophi. The goal of urate‐lowering therapy should aim to maintain serum uric acid (sUA) level <6.0 mg/dL. For patients with tophi, the initial goal can be set at lowering sUA to <5.0 mg/dL to promote tophi dissolution. The goal of this consensus paper was to improve gout and hyperuricemia management at a more comprehensive level. The content of this consensus paper was developed based on local epidemiology and current clinical practice, as well as consensuses from two multidisciplinary meetings and recommendations from Taiwan Guideline for the Management of Gout and Hyperuricemia.
Acute brain lesions on magnetic resonance imaging in relation to neurological outcome after cardiac arrest
Authors: Wallin E. , Larsson I.‐M. , Kristofferzon M.‐L. , Larsson E.‐M. , Raininko R. , Rubertsson S. 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain including diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) is reported to have high prognostic accuracy in unconscious post‐cardiac arrest (CA) patients. We documented acute MRI findings in the brain in both conscious and unconscious post‐CA patients treated with target temperature management (TTM) at 32–34°C for 24 h as well as the relation to patients’ neurological outcome after 6 months.MethodsA prospective observational study with MRI was performed regardless of the level of consciousness in post‐CA patients treated with TTM. Neurological outcome was assessed using the Cerebral Performance Categories scale and dichotomized into good and poor outcome.ResultsForty‐six patients underwent MRI at 3–5 days post‐CA. Patients with good outcome had minor, mainly frontal and parietal, lesions. Acute hypoxic/ischemic lesions on MRI including DWI were more common in patients with poor outcome (P = 0.007). These lesions affected mostly gray matter (deep or cortical), with or without involvement of the underlying white matter. Lesions in the occipital and temporal lobes, deep gray matter and cerebellum showed strongest associations with poor outcome. Decreased apparent diffusion coefficient, was more common in patients with poor outcome.ConclusionsExtensive acute hypoxic/ischemic MRI lesions in the cortical regions, deep gray matter and cerebellum detected by visual analysis as well as low apparent diffusion coefficient values from quantitative measurements were associated with poor outcome. Patients with good outcome had minor hypoxic/ischemic changes, mainly in the frontal and parietal lobes.
Bridge flap repair for central nasal dorsum defect
Authors: Salmon Paul JM , El‐Khayat Rami H 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSurgery of the nose to remove skin cancer often requires the use of local flaps. We present a defect after the extirpation of a previously incompletely excised infiltrative squamous cell carcinoma, which we repaired with a Bridge flap, a bipedicled and subcutaneous islanded flap whose excellent vascularity allows reliable reconstruction and rapid mobilisation, with dependable results.
Financialisation as Monopoly Profit: The Case of US Banking
Authors: Christophers Brett 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDifferent economic measures afford different ways of seeing processes of financialisation. In the prototypical case of the US economy, the most compelling evidence of post‐1970s financialisation is found in corporate profits measures. This much has been clear for at least a decade. What remains much less clear, however, is the explanation for the long‐term maintenance and amplification of extreme financial‐sector profitability that financialisation in the United States has and continues to entail. With a specific focus on banking, this article turns to post‐Marxian scholarship on profit rate trends to explain this phenomenon. It argues that limited and declining levels of competition within the US banking sector during recent decades—rooted in high levels of industry concentration, collusive behaviour, and substantial entry barriers—have contributed to sustaining and boosting abnormal sectoral profitability. In doing so, the article theorises financialisation in the United States explicitly in terms of monopoly profit.
Tactile stimulation during neonatal transition and its effect on vital parameters in neonates during neonatal transition
Authors: Baik‐Schneditz Nariae , Urlesberger Berndt , Schwaberger Bernhard , Mileder Lukas , Schmölzer Georg , Avian Alexander , Pichler Gerhard 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAimThis study analysed tactile stimulation during neonatal transition and resuscitation in preterm and term neonates born by Caesarean delivery. It examined the frequency, location and body region, duration and possible effects of stimulation on heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2).MethodsTwo independent investigators analysed video recordings of tactile stimulation on term and preterm neonates during neonatal transition from January 2012 to December 2014. They were recorded during a prospective observational study and randomised controlled trial at a tertiary centre, the Medical University of Graz, Austria. SpO2 and heart rate were continuously recorded. Data on the frequency, body region and duration of stimulation were collected. To investigate the possible effects of stimulation, SpO2 and heart rate were compared before and after stimulation.ResultsTerm infants received tactile stimulation more than once, and it tended to start later, last longer and be applied in more locations than in preterm infants. Only preterm infants showed a significant increase in SpO2 after stimulation and heart rates did not show any significant changes in either group.ConclusionTactile stimulation was applied in different ways to preterm and term infants during neonatal transition and SpO2 showed a significant increase in preterm infants.
Inactivated antithombin as anticoagulant reversal in a rat model of cardiopulmonary bypass: a potent and potentially safer alternative to protamine
Authors: Bianchini Elsa P. , Sebestyen Alexandre , Abache Toufik , Bourti Yasmine , Fontayne Alexandre , Richard Vincent , Tamion Fabienne , Plantier Jean‐Luc , Doguet Fabien , Borgel Delphine 
Published: January 2018

SummaryHeparin anticoagulation followed by protamine reversal is commonly used in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). As an alternative to protamine, a recombinant inactive antithrombin (riAT) was designed as an antidote to heparin and was previously shown to be as potent as protamine in‐vitro. In the present study, riAT was assessed for its ability to neutralize heparin after CPB in a rat model. After 60 min of CPB under heparin, rats received 5 mg/kg protamine, 37.5 mg/kg riAT or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) as placebo. Residual anticoagulant activity was assessed using the activated partial thromboplastin time assay before, and 10–30 min after reversion. Haemodynamic monitoring was performed and plasma histamine concentration was also measured. In this model, riAT appeared to be as efficient as protamine in neutralizing heparin. Ten minutes after injection, riAT and protamine both decreased heparin activity, to 1.8 ± 1.3 and 4.5 ± 1.4 u/ml, respectively (23.1 ± 5.1 u/ml in placebo group). Furthermore, evolution of mean carotid arterial pressure, heart rate and plasma histamine levels was comparable in rats treated with PBS or riAT, while protamine exhibited haemodynamic side effects and increased histamine plasma concentration. Thus, riAT could represent an advantage over protamine in CPB because it efficiently reverses heparin activity without negative effects on haemodynamic parameters and plasma histamine level.
Exploration of differentially expressed plasma proteins in patients with lung adenocarcinoma using iTRAQ‐coupled 2D LC‐MS/MS
Authors: Li Wentao , Zheng Houwen , Qin Huichan , Liu Guangnan , Ke Lan , Li Yu , Li Na , Zhong Xiaoning 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundLung adenocarcinoma is characterized by early asymptomatic progression and metastasis. Appearance of respiratory symptoms usually means the disease is aggravated. The aim of this study was to identify the protein profile in plasma of lung adenocarcinoma of stages I‐IV, and look for novel diagnostic biomarkers.MethodsIsobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) coupled with two dimensional liquid chromatography ‐ tandem mass spectrometry technology (2D LC‐MS/MS) was applied to separate and identify differential expression of proteins in plasma specimens from 10 healthy individuals, 10 patients with pneumonia, 7 patients with lung adenocarcinoma of stages I‐II, respectively, and 10 patients with lung adenocarcinoma of stages III‐IV, then analyze the functions of the differential expression of proteins by bioinformatics.ResultsADAMTS‐like protein 4, Fibrinogen‐like protein 1 precursor, secretoglobin family 3A member 2 and haptoglobin were up‐regulated in patients with lung adenocarcinoma by proteomics analysis, and the expression levels of SCGB3A2 and Hp by ELISA were consistent. Pathway analysis of identified differential expression of proteins showed they were mainly involved in chemokine/p53/TGF‐beta signaling pathway.ConclusionsPlasma SCGB3A2 is a potential maker for diagnosis of primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Abnormal post‐translational protein modification may be associated with the progression of lung cancer.
A Combined test using both cell sediment and supernatant cell‐free DNA in pleural effusion shows increased sensitivity in detecting activating EGFR mutation in lung cancer patients
Authors: Kawahara A. , Fukumitsu C. , Azuma K. , Taira T. , Abe H. , Takase Y. , Murata K. , Sadashima E. , Hattori S. , Naito Y. , Akiba J. 
Published: January 2018

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to examine whether a combined test using both cell sediment and supernatant cytology cell‐free DNA (ccfDNA) is more useful in detecting EGFR mutation than using cell sediment DNA or supernatant ccfDNA alone in pleural effusion of lung cancer patients.MethodsA total of 74 lung adenocarcinoma patients with paired samples between primary tumour and corresponding metastatic tumour with both cell sediment and supernatant ccfDNA of pleural effusion cytology were enrolled in this study. Cell sediment and supernatant ccfDNA were analysed separately for EGFR mutations by polymerase chain reaction.ResultsOut of 45 patients with mutant EGFR in primary tumours, EGFR mutations were detected in 23 cell sediments of corresponding metastases (sensitivity; 51.1%) and 20 supernatant ccfDNA corresponding metastases (sensitivity; 44.4%). By contrast, the combined test detected EGFR mutations in 27 corresponding metastases (sensitivity; 60.0%), and had a higher sensitivity than the cell sediment or the supernatant ccfDNA alone (P < .05). Out of 45 patients with mutant EGFR, 24, three and 18 were cytologically diagnosed as positive, atypical or negative, respectively. The detection rate in the combined test was highest (95.8%) in the positive group, and mutant EGFR was also detected in four of 18 samples (22.2%) in the negative group.ConclusionsA combined test using both cell sediment DNA and supernatant ccfDNA samples increases the concordance rate of EGFR mutations between primary tumour and corresponding metastases. Our findings indicate that supernatant ccfDNA is useful even in cases where the cytological diagnosis is negative.
Biosimilars in Dermatology – theory becomes reality
Authors: Gerdes Sascha , Mrowietz Ulrich , Augustin Matthias , Ralph von Kiedrowski  , Enk Alexander , Strömer Klaus , Schön Michael P. , Radtke Marc A. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryBiosimilars are biological medicines that are analogues of a specific reference product. Biosimilars of the tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors infliximab and etanercept are already approved and available for dermatological indications. Regulatory agencies require in‐depth analysis of physicochemical and functional properties of these highly complex molecules as well as clinical data on their similarity regarding efficacy and safety in at least one clinical trial in a sensitive and homogeneous population. Thus, it must be shown that biosimilars are essentially the same as the originator product if they are to be licensed in regulated drug markets. As a consequence, these data are extrapolated from one molecule (the originator) to another (biosimilar) resulting in an approval that includes the same indications as the originator product. While extrapolation is well accepted and regulated, clear recommendations regarding the interchangeability of originators and biosimilars as well as data on multiple consecutive switching are missing. Current scientific knowledge does not argue against the use of biosimilars for dermatological indications, but sequential switching of biosimilars should be considered carefully. To increase confidence and enhance evidence for biosimilars, accurate documentation of the specific products given to each patient is essential and should preferably be included in patient registries.
When trade liberalization is self‐fulfilling: Population aging and uncertainty
Authors: Kishishita Daiki 
Published: January 2018

AbstractExpectation about future trade liberalization induces sectoral adjustment in advance. As a result, the extent of opposition to trade liberalization decreases, and liberalization becomes self‐fulfilling. We analyze this mechanism from two aspects: population aging and uncertainty. Then, we show that (1) the effect of expectation formation is non‐monotonic across ages, and (2) the effect of population aging of workforce varies depending on its driving force. In addition, we analyze uncertainty about future trade liberalization. Then, we show that (3) the mechanism cannot work due to strategic delay even under small uncertainty, but (4) a subsidy scheme can resolve this problem.
Genome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphism‐based autozygosity mapping facilitates identification of mutations in consanguineous families with epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Vahidnezhad Hassan , Youssefian Leila , Saeidian Amir Hossein , Zeinali Sirous , Touati Andrew , Abiri Maryam , Sotoudeh Soheila , Norouz‐zadeh Sara , Amirinezhad Niloufar , Mozafari Nikoo , Daneshpazhooh Maryam , Mahmoudi Hamidreza , Hamid Mohammad , Bradfield Jonathan P. , Kim Cecilia E. , Hakonarson Hakon , Uitto Jouni 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAutozygosity mapping (AM) is a technique utilised for mapping homozygous autosomal recessive (AR) traits and facilitation of genetic diagnosis. We investigated the utility of AM for the molecular diagnosis of heterogeneous AR disorders, using epidermolysis bullosa (EB) as a paradigm. We applied this technique to a cohort of 46 distinct EB families using both short tandem repeat (STR) and genome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array‐based AM to guide targeted Sanger sequencing of EB candidate genes. Initially, 39 of the 46 cases were diagnosed with homozygous mutations using this method. Independently, 26 cases, including the seven initially unresolved cases, were analysed with an EB‐targeted next‐generation sequencing (NGS) panel. NGS identified mutations in five additional cases, initially undiagnosed due to the presence of compound heterozygosity, deep intronic mutations or runs of homozygosity below the set threshold of 2 Mb, for a total yield of 44 of 46 cases (95.7%) diagnosed genetically.
Mexican‐Origin Parents’ Stress and Satisfaction: The Role of Emotional Support
Authors: Popp Tierney K. , Delgado Melissa Y. , Wheeler Lorey A. 
Published: January 2018

Guided by a process model of parenting and the integrative model, this study examined sources of emotional support (i.e., partner, maternal, paternal) as related to stress and satisfaction resulting from the parenting role in a sample of Mexican‐origin young adult parents who participated in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) during Wave IV. Participants were male and female parents (26–35 years of age; 59% female; N = 737) who had children and a partner. Results from structural equation modeling revealed support from mothers as salient; high levels of maternal support were associated with high levels of parenting satisfaction. Tests of indirect effects suggested that parenting satisfaction played an intervening role in the link between maternal support and parenting stress. The pattern of results held across levels of linguistic acculturation but varied by gender. Understanding the mechanisms that predict parenting stress and satisfaction within the Mexican‐origin population may help in the identification of culturally sensitive intervention strategies.
Effectiveness of supplementary irrigant agitation with the Finisher GF Brush on the debridement of oval root canals instrumented with the Gentlefile or nickel titanium rotary instruments
Authors: Neelakantan P. , Khan K. , Li K. Y. , Shetty H. , Xi W. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAimTo examine the efficacy of a novel supplementary irrigant agitating brush (Finisher GF Brush, MedicNRG, Kibbutz Afikim, Israel) on the debridement of root canals prepared with a novel stainless steel rotary instrumentation system (Gentlefile; MedicNRG), or nickel titanium rotary instruments in oval root canals.MethodologyMandibular premolars (n = 72) were selected and divided randomly into three experimental groups (n = 24) after microCT scanning: group 1, canal preparation to rotary NiTi size 20, .04 taper (R20); group 2, rotary NiTi to size 25, .04 taper (R25) and group 3, Gentlefile size 23, .04 taper (GF). Specimens were subdivided into two subgroups: subgroup A, syringe‐and‐needle irrigation (SNI); subgroup B, Finisher GF Brush (GB). Ten untreated canals served as controls. Specimens were processed for histological evaluation, and the remaining pulp tissue (RPT) was measured. Data were analysed using Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests (P = 0.05).ResultsAll experimental groups had significantly less RPT than the control (P < 0.05). Group 3B (GF‐GB) had significantly less RPT than groups 1B (R20‐GB) and 2B (R25‐GF; P < 0.05). When irrigated with SNI, there was no significant difference in the RPT between the three groups (P > 0.05). When instrumented with R20, there was no significant difference between SNI and GF (P < 0.05) whilst GB had significantly less RPT than SNI for R25 (P < 0.05).ConclusionsSupplementary irrigant agitation with the Finisher GF Brush improved the debridement of canals prepared with Gentlefile and size 25, .04 taper rotary NiTi. Root canal debridement did not significantly differ between the instruments when syringe irrigation was used.
The role of nailfold capillary dropout on mortality in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Tieu Joanna , Hakendorf Paul , Woodman Richard J. , Patterson Karen , Walker Jenny , Roberts‐Thomson Peter 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundSemi‐quantitative wide‐field nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) is a simple technique with proven utility in the early diagnosis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Its role in prognosis, however, remains uncertain.AimTo investigate the possible utility of NFC in predicting survival.MethodsPatients with SSc listed on the South Australian Scleroderma Register (SASR) with prior NFC performed at Flinders Medical Centre from 1991 to 2015 were included in this study. Baseline demographic data, diagnosis, scleroderma antibody status and mortality status were also collected for each patient.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 99 patients with limited cutaneous SSc, 30 patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc and 23 with an overlap scleroderma syndrome. Fifty‐six patients died during the period of study (censured end June 2015).Patients with diffuse scleroderma had significantly greater capillary dropout compared with limited and overlap scleroderma (P < 0.001). In univariate analysis, both capillary dropout scores (log‐rank χ2 = 8.75, P = 0.003) and antibody status (log‐rank χ2 = 13.94, P = 0.003) were associated with mortality. ANOVA showed a significant association between antibody status and capillary dropout (P < 0.001). In Cox regression, adjustment for capillary dropout attenuated the impact of autoantibody group on survival.ConclusionsNailfold capillary dropout was significantly associated with mortality and the severity of dropout attenuates survival dictated by antibody status. Together these observations support the hypothesis that capillary dropout is on the causal pathway between induction of scleroderma associated autoantibodies and mortality.