bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic antitumor effect with indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase inhibition and temozolomide in a murine glioma model
Authors: Hanihara Mitsuto , Kawataki Tomoyuki , Oh-Oka Kyoko , Mitsuka Kentaro , Nakao Atsuhito , Kinouchi Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2015

OBJECT
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a key enzyme of tryptophan (Trp) metabolism, is involved in tumor-derived immune suppression through depletion of Trp and accumulation of the metabolite kynurenine, resulting in inactivation of natural killer cells and generation of regulatory T cells (Tregs). It has been reported that high expression of IDO in cancer cells is associated with suppression of the antitumor immune response and is consistent with a poor prognosis. Thus, IDO may be a therapeutic target for malignant cancer. The authors have recently shown that IDO expression is markedly increased in human glioblastoma and secondary glioblastoma with malignant change, suggesting that IDO targeting may also have therapeutic potential for patients with glioma. The aim of this study was to investigate the antitumor effect of IDO inhibition and to examine the synergistic function of IDO inhibitor and temozolomide (TMZ) in a murine glioma model.

METHODS
Murine glioma GL261 cells and human glioma U87 cells were included in this study. The authors used 3 mouse models to study glioma cell growth: 1) a subcutaneous ectopic model, 2) a syngeneic intracranial orthotopic model, and 3) an allogenic intracranial orthotopic model. IDO inhibition was achieved via knockdown of IDO in GL261 cells using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and through oral administration of the IDO inhibitor, 1-methyl-l-tryptophan (1-MT). Tumor volume in the subcutaneous model and survival time in the intracranial model were evaluated.

RESULTS
In the subcutaneous model, oral administration of 1-MT significantly suppressed tumor growth, and synergistic antitumor effects of 1-MT and TMZ were observed (p < 0.01). Mice containing intracranially inoculated IDO knockdown cells had a significantly longer survival period as compared with control mice (p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that IDO expression is implicated in immunosuppression and tumor progression in glioma cells. Therefore, combining IDO inhibition with standard TMZ treatment could be an encouraging therapeutic strategy for patients with malignant glioma.
Metabolic approach for tumor delineation in glioma surgery: 3D MR spectroscopy image–guided resection
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhuang Dong-Xiao , Yao Cheng-Jun , Lin Ching-Po , Wang Tian-Liang , Qin Zhi-Yong , Wu Jin-Song 
Published: December 2015

OBJECT
The extent of resection is one of the most essential factors that influence the outcomes of glioma resection. However, conventional structural imaging has failed to accurately delineate glioma margins because of tumor cell infiltration. Three-dimensional proton MR spectroscopy (1H-MRS) can provide metabolic information and has been used in preoperative tumor differentiation, grading, and radiotherapy planning. Resection based on glioma metabolism information may provide for a more extensive resection and yield better outcomes for glioma patients. In this study, the authors attempt to integrate 3D 1H-MRS into neuronavigation and assess the feasibility and validity of metabolically based glioma resection.

METHODS
Choline (Cho)–N-acetylaspartate (NAA) index (CNI) maps were calculated and integrated into neuronavigation. The CNI thresholds were quantitatively analyzed and compared with structural MRI studies. Glioma resections were performed under 3D 1H-MRS guidance. Volumetric analyses were performed for metabolic and structural images from a low-grade glioma (LGG) group and high-grade glioma (HGG) group. Magnetic resonance imaging and neurological assessments were performed immediately after surgery and 1 year after tumor resection.

RESULTS
Fifteen eligible patients with primary cerebral gliomas were included in this study. Three-dimensional 1H-MRS maps were successfully coregistered with structural images and integrated into navigational system. Volumetric analyses showed that the differences between the metabolic volumes with different CNI thresholds were statistically significant (p < 0.05). For the LGG group, the differences between the structural and the metabolic volumes with CNI thresholds of 0.5 and 1.5 were statistically significant (p = 0.0005 and 0.0129, respectively). For the HGG group, the differences between the structural and metabolic volumes with CNI thresholds of 0.5 and 1.0 were statistically significant (p = 0.0027 and 0.0497, respectively). All patients showed no tumor progression at the 1-year follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS
This study integrated 3D MRS maps and intraoperative navigation for glioma margin delineation. Optimum CNI thresholds were applied for both LGGs and HGGs to achieve resection. The results indicated that 3D 1H-MRS can be integrated with structural imaging to provide better outcomes for glioma resection.
Effects of intracranial meningioma location, size, and surgery on neurocognitive functions: a 3-year prospective study
Authors: Liouta Evangelia , Koutsarnakis Christos , Liakos Faidon , Stranjalis George 
Published: December 2015

OBJECT
Current recommendations stress the need for cognitive parameters to be integrated in the evaluation of outcomes for intracranial meningioma surgery. The aim of this prospective study was to examine neurocognitive function in meningioma patients pre- and postoperatively.

METHODS
Patients with skull base (anterior and middle fossa) and convexity (anterior and posterior) meningiomas (n = 54) underwent neuropsychological examination prior to and 1 year after surgery. A control group (n = 52) of healthy volunteers matched for age, sex, and education underwent the same examination. Assessments included executive, memory, and motor functions with standardized testing. Patients with convexity meningiomas were clinically assessed for parietal association cortex functions.

RESULTS
All patients performed significantly worse (p < 0.05) in most neurocognitive domains than controls. The skull base group showed more disturbances in memory than the convexity group (p < 0.05). The anterior convexity group showed more deficits in executive function than the posterior convexity group, which presented with parietal association cortex deficits. Verbal deficits were more pronounced in the left hemisphere than in the right hemisphere. Patients with a large tumor (> 4 cm) had more severe neurocognitive deficits than those with a small tumor (< 4 cm). Postoperatively, patients showed no deterioration in neurocognitive function. Instead, significant improvement (p < 0.05) was observed in some executive, motor, and parietal association cortex functions.

CONCLUSIONS
According to the authors’ findings, intracranial meningiomas may cause neurocognitive deficits in patients. Surgery does not cause a deterioration in cognitive function; instead, it may lead to improvements in some functions. Permanent neuropsychological postoperative deficits should be interpreted as tumor-induced rather than due to surgery.
Inferior vena cava injury caused by an anteriorly migrated cage resulting in ligation: case report
Authors: Ariyoshi Dai , Sano Shigeo , Kawamura Naohiro 
Published: December 2015

Anterior dislodgement of the transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) cage is one of the severe complications seen in this procedure, which may cause an intraoperative major vessel injury. The objective of this report is to present a rare case of inferior vena cava (IVC) injury during revision surgery for removal of the anteriorly migrated cage.
The authors describe a case of 74-year-old woman with lumbar spinal canal stenosis and degenerative scoliosis. During the TLIF surgery, an inserted titanium cage at the L4–5 level dislodged anteriorly to the retroperitoneal space without massive bleeding from the disc space. In the second surgery, which was performed via an anterior retroperitoneal approach to remove the migrated cage, massive torrential bleeding occurred because of IVC injury. The laceration in the posterior wall of the IVC necessitated ligation of this vessel and both common iliac veins by a vascular surgeon. Postoperative edema of the lower extremities after ligation of the vessels was well tolerated, and the patient showed almost full recovery.
For removal surgery of an anteriorly migrated cage, the surgeon should be well prepared for the risk of IVC injury, including requesting the attendance of a vascular surgeon. Ligation of the infrarenal IVC is an acceptable solution in irreparable IVC injury.
Development of EST‐SSR markers in Barringtonia racemosa (Lecythidaceae) and cross‐amplification in related species
Authors: Xie Hongxian , Yuan Yang , Fang Xiaoting , Liu Ying , Yang Chao , Jin Jianhua , Tan Fengxiao , Huang Yelin 
Published: December 2015

Premise of the study:Microsatellite markers were identified and characterized to study the genetic diversity and structure of Barringtonia racemosa (Lecythidaceae).Methods and Results:Based on the transcriptome data of B. racemosa, 30 primer pairs were initially designed and tested, of which 15 were successfully amplified and displayed clear polymorphisms across the 43 individuals from three distant populations tested in the study. The results showed that the number of alleles per locus ranged from two to seven and the expected heterozygosity and observed heterozygosity per locus varied from 0 to 0.772 and from 0 to 0.933, respectively.Conclusions:The expressed sequence tag–simple sequence repeat (EST‐SSR) markers described here will be useful for studying genetic diversity and structure of B. racemosa. Furthermore, all loci were successfully cross‐amplified in B. asiatica and B. acutangula and will be of great value for genetic studies across this genus.
PSICANÁLISE E LITERATURA: uma leitura de O Espelho de Machado de Assis
Authors: Caixeta Nascentes Zama 
Published: December 2015

<p><span>A partir de conceitos da Psicanálise de Freud e da Psicologia Analítica de Jung, procederemos à análise do conto<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><em>O Espelho</em><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>de Machado de Assis. A despersonalização de Jacobina e a irrealidade do seu Eu constituem um autêntico caso da clínica psicanalítica, não podendo, pois, ser entendido numa perspectiva apenas literária. Além desse conto estaremos percorrendo também outras obras (contos e romances) mostrando o quanto a ficção de Machado antecipa algumas das proposições psicanalíticas de Freud e Jung. Teceremos ao longo do trabalho comentários acerca da estrutura de narrativa do conto, comparando-a a outras do mesmo autor.</span></p>
O sufixo nominal agentivo -ante/ -ente/ - inte
Authors: Mendes Oliveira Solange 
Published: December 2015

<p>Este artigo analisa, à luz do arcabouço teórico da Morfologia Distribuída (Halle e Marantz 1993; Marantz 1996, 1997; Halle 2000; Embick 2000; Embick e Noyer 2004), o comportamento do sufixo –<em>ante/-ente</em>/-<em>inte</em> através da observação dos traços morfossintáticos e semânticos das bases verbais a que se adjunge. Explora-se a hipótese de que nas formações derivadas há critérios semântico-aspectuais impostos pelas raízes, que restringem a combinação entre raízes e afixos. A análise dos dados visa a obter informações que auxiliem no estabelecimento de padrões gerais para as formas derivadas com –<em>ante/-ente/-inte</em>.</p>
Textos de Antonio Candido, Affonso Romano de Sant’Anna e Roberto Schwarz em torno de O cortiço
Authors: Maria Rubel Fanini Ângela 
Published: December 2015

<p>Neste estudo, faremos um resumo interpretativo de cinco artigos em torno da obra <em>O cortiço</em> do escritor Aluísio Azevedo. <em>Análise estrutural da narrativa</em> de Afonso Romano de Sant’Anna em que ocorre uma perspectiva estruturalista. <em>Passagem do dois ao três: contribuição para o estudo das mediações na análise</em> <em>literária </em>de Antonio Candido que polemiza diretamente com Afonso Romano, opondo-se ao método estruturalista. <em>Curtição: o cortiço do mestre Candido e o meu de</em> Afonso Romano <em>em que se</em>refutam as críticas de Candido. <em>De cortiço a cortiço</em>, vinculado à perspectiva marxista-economicista, porém, amenizada e, finalmente, <em>Adequação nacional e originalidade crítica</em> de Roberto Schwarz em que se exaltam as leituras de Candido sobre <em>O cortiço</em> e combate-se certa crítica literária culturalista.</p>
A PRODUÇÃO FARMACOLÓGICA DO SUJEITO NOS QUADRINHOS
Authors: Tavares Mayara Barbosa 
Published: December 2015

A pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo, com método interpretativista e tem como objetivo a análise da produção farmacológica do sujeito em duas tiras em quadrinhos, de André Dahmer. A fundamentação teórica liga-se às obras de Foucault (1995a, 1995b, 1996, 2003, 2009), com base nas noções de micropoderes, resistências e outras, e de Le Breton (2003), no que se refere à produção farmacológica de si. Para a teorização das histórias em quadrinhos, são utilizadas as obras de Eisner (2001; 2005), com foco nos conceitos de arte sequencial e narrativa gráfica; e de Ramos (2009), com as contribuições sobre a linguagem dos quadrinhos; dentre outros autores. Durante a tessitura da pesquisa problematizações diversas sobre o uso rotineiro e banal de medicamentos psicotrópicos em pessoas saudáveis são discutidos. Elencamos também alguns aspectos relacionados às relações de poder, às microlutas, à resistência, dentre outros.
The Performance and Association Between Patient-reported and Performance-based Measures of Physical Functioning in Research on Individuals with Arthritis
Authors: Pinheiro Laura C. , Callahan Leigh F. , Cleveland Rebecca J. , Edwards Lloyd J. , Reeve Bryce B. 
Published: December 2015

Objective.To evaluate the association between patient-reported outcome (PRO) and performance-based (PB) measures of physical functioning (PF) among individuals with self-identified arthritis to inform decisions of which to use when evaluating the effectiveness of a physical activity intervention.Methods.Secondary data analysis of a nonrandomized 2-arm pre-post community trial of 462 individuals who self-identified as having arthritis and participated in the Walk with Ease (WWE) intervention. Two PRO and 8 PB assessments were collected at baseline (preintervention) and at 6-week followup. We calculated correlations between PB and PRO measures, assessed how measures identified changes in PF from baseline to followup, and compared PRO and PB measures to arthritis symptoms of pain, stiffness, and fatigue.Results.Strength of correlations between PB and PRO measures varied depending on the PB measure, ranging from 0.21 to 0.54. PRO and PB measures identified PF improvements from baseline to followup, but none showed significant differences between the 2 WWE modalities (instructor-led or self-directed groups). Correlations with arthritis symptoms were stronger for PRO (0.30–0.46) than PB measures (0.03–0.31).Conclusion.PRO measures may provide us with insights into aspects of PF that are not identified by PB measures alone. Use of PRO measures allows patients to communicate their perceptions of PF, which may provide a more accurate representation of overall PF. Our study does not suggest abandoning the use of PB measures to characterize PF in patients with self-identified arthritis, but recommends that PRO measures may serve as complementary or surrogate endpoints for some studies.
Diagnostic Arthrocentesis for Suspicion of Gout Is Safe and Well Tolerated
Authors: Taylor William J. , Fransen Jaap , Dalbeth Nicola , Neogi Tuhina , Ralph Schumacher H. , Brown Melanie , Louthrenoo Worawit , Vazquez-Mellado Janitzia , Eliseev Maxim , McCarthy Geraldine , Stamp Lisa K. , Perez-Ruiz Fernando , Sivera Francisca , Ea Hang-Korng , Gerritsen Martijn , Scire Carlo A. , Cavagna Lorenzo , Lin Chingtsai , Chou Yin-Yi , Tausche Anne-Kathrin , da Rocha Castelar-Pinheiro Geraldo , Janssen Matthijs , Chen Jiunn-Horng , Slot Ole , Cimmino Marco , Uhlig Till , Jansen Tim L. 
Published: December 2015

Objective.To determine the frequency of adverse events of diagnostic arthrocentesis in patients with possible gout.Methods.Consecutive patients underwent arthrocentesis and were evaluated at 6 weeks to determine adverse events. The 95% CI were obtained by bootstrapping.Results.Arthrocentesis was performed in 910 patients, and 887 (97.5%) were evaluated for adverse events. Any adverse event was observed in 12 participants (1.4%, 95% CI 0.6–2.1). There was 1 case (0.1%, 95% CI 0–0.34) of septic arthritis.Conclusions.Diagnostic arthrocentesis is associated with a low frequency of adverse events. Septic arthritis rarely occurs.
Financement par la T2A, vision médicale hospitalière
Authors: Gervais Anne 
Published: December 2015

Depuis 10 ans la tarification à l’activité (T2A) est devenue le socle du financement hospitalier. Répondant à une vision productiviste du soin, la T2A a permis une augmentation de la productivité hospitalière mais s’est révélée inflationniste et inadaptée pour une partie de l’exercice médical hospitalier. Adapté aux pathologies et actes standardisés, ce mode de financement est imparfait pour permettre la prise en charge des patients complexes, polypathologiques, porteurs de maladies chroniques ou précaires, nécessitant un temps de réflexion médical pluridisciplinaire et non technique. La T2A s’est accompagnée d’une complexification du système de codage, souvent chronophage pour le personnel. Ce dernier constate que développer des activités « rentables » devient une préoccupation centrale et que la réponse aux besoins sanitaires n’est plus prioritaire. Enfin le financement actuel à la T2A ne permet pas de soutenir l’innovation et les investissements lourds. Une réforme du financement de l’hôpital est attendue par les professionnels de santé qui déplorent la lenteur des modifications.
Stratégie médicale et T2A dans un Centre Hospitalier de proximité. Est-il possible de transformer la contrainte en opportunité ?
Authors: Jay-Passot Laurence , Lefebvre Anne 
Published: December 2015

Les centres hospitaliers généraux de proximité, qui jouent un rôle important dans la prise en charge en médecine, chirurgie, obstétrique dans les territoires de santé, sont confrontés à des difficultés spécifiques dans le système de tarification à l’activité. La compatibilité entre le maintien d’un portefeuille d’activités médicales qui réponde aux besoins de la population, et soit viable d’un point de vue médico-économique, n’est pas évidente. La stratégie médicale de l’établissement vise alors à répondre à ce dilemme en explorant trois pistes : la juste valorisation de l’activité, la consolidation des activités déficitaires et le développement de nouvelles activités. De ce fait, l’accès aux compétences médicales adéquates est crucial et nécessite la mise en place de partenariats avec les centres hospitaliers de référence et/ou de recours. Pour remplir pleinement leurs objectifs, ces coopérations doivent respecter l’intérêt à agir des parties, laisser la primauté au projet médical et être équilibrées économiquement. De nombreux exemples montrent que cette stratégie partenariale ne constitue néanmoins pas une réponse toujours suffisante au dilemme étudié. Au niveau des établissements, la T2A ne peut être la porte d’entrée des stratégies médicales qui doivent intégrer d’autres impératifs : accès aux soins, démographie médicale, demande du patient, et surtout qualité de la médecine délivrée en proximité. Seul des choix politiques peuvent donner la lisibilité nécessaire aux centres hospitaliers de proximité confrontés à cette situation.
Comment les catégories supérieures de São Paulo parlent-elles de leurs employées domestiques ? Analyse d’un rapport de classe
Authors: Giorgetti Camila 
Published: December 2015

Cet article vise à effectuer une analyse idéal-typique des évolutions survenues dans les rapports entre patrons et employées domestiques à São Paulo après l’introduction, dans le débat public, de la discussion de la « PEC des domestiques » (proposition d’amendement constitutionnel pour les employées domestiques). Il part de l’hypothèse selon laquelle ce débat a un impact non pas seulement au sein des rapports domestiques, mais aussi au niveau des représentations sociales. Ainsi, le modèle « traditionnel-bienveillant » qui a prévalu pendant de nombreuses années dans l’esprit des classes supérieures cohabite aujourd’hui avec d’autres modèles résultant du processus de bureaucratisation et de formalisation des rapports sociaux.
Transformations des classes populaires et de l’offre scolaire à São Paulo
Authors: Perosa Graziela Serroni , Dantas Adriana Santiago Rosa , Marcon Helena de Souza , Cruz Isamara Lopes Rocha 
Published: December 2015

Au Brésil, le choix des familles pour les établissements d’enseignement publics ou privés est très différent selon les classes sociales. Les écoles privées recrutent la plupart de leurs élèves dans des familles aisées, alors que le secteur public accueille les élèves des familles les plus modestes. Dans ce contexte, comment expliquer l’apparition récente d’établissements privés à Ermelino Matarazzo, une banlieue ouvrière de São Paulo ? Pour essayer de répondre à cette question, nous exposerons d’abord les résultats d’une analyse statistique montrant la position relative des différentes municipalités dans l’espace social de São Paulo, avant d’examiner ensuite, au moyen d’entretiens ethnographiques, quelques pistes sur les différents facteurs qui ont pu contribuer à la mise en place d’un processus de mobilité sociale fondé sur la réussite scolaire.
Outils statistiques, outils d’analyse : les nomenclatures socioprofessionnelles et les classes sociales en Europe et au Brésil
Authors: Lebaron Frédéric , Pereira Lucas Page 
Published: December 2015

Cet article entend à la fois donner des informations pratiques sur l’usage et les limites des nomenclatures socioprofessionnelles au Brésil (et en France) et analyser de façon réflexive les raisons de la faible utilisation – ou du déclin – de ces outils dans ces mêmes pays. Pour cela, après avoir posé quelques problèmes relatifs à la visibilité et à la comparabilité de telles nomenclatures, on s’intéressera d’abord aux changements dont elles ont souffert récemment en Europe et, à la suite, à la mise en place et à l’actualisation des nomenclatures de profession dans la statistique brésilienne.
Future Challenges and Roadmaps of Semiconductor, Packaging and Integration
Authors: Hellenthal Berthold 
Published: December 2015

More than 80% of all automotive innovations are directly or indirectly enabled by semiconductors. In recent years premium cars became an early adopter of new technologies to enable new customer functions. Nowadays automotive is even pushing new semiconductor and packaging technologies in some areas. The automotive megatrends continuously impose new challenges on semicondcutors and their package in performance, energy efficiency as well as in reliability and robustness.
The presentation will introduce the automotive megatrends and explain the new challenges by practical examples. In addition it will be explained how the Audi semiconductor strategy, the Progressive SemiConductor Program (PSCP), addresses the challenges - synchronizing the development speed of semiconductors with the need for increased reliability.