bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of PM Mn-Cr-Mo Steels With Low Carbon Concentration
Authors: Lichańska E. , Sułowski M. , Ciaś A. 
Published: March 2016

The effect of chemical composition of the sintering atmosphere on the microstructure and mechanical properties of PM structural low-carbon steels is presented. The base powders were Astaloy CrL, Astaloy CrM, low carbon ferromanganese and graphite C-UF. From the base powders two mixtures with compositions of Fe-3%Mn-(1.5/3%)Cr-(0.2/0.5)%Mo-0.2%C were prepared. Following pressing in a steel rigid die, compacts were sintered at 1250°C for 60 min in a semi-closed container. 5%H2-95%N2mixture and air were the sintering atmospheres. For sintering in air, lumps of ferromanganese were placed with the compacts in the container. After sintering, half of the samples were tempered at 200°C for 60 minutes in air. Mechanical tests (tensile, bend, toughness, hardness) and microstructural investigations were performed.The microstructures of the steels were inhomogeneous, mainly ferritic-bainic. Tempering of steel based on Astaloy CrM sintered in an atmosphere of 5% H2-95% N2slightly reduced tensile strength and toughness: from 748 to 734 MPa and from 7.15 to 6.83 J/cm2, respectively. Chemical composition had a greater effect; steels based on Astaloy CrL and Astaloy CrM had tensile strengths 526-665 and 672-748 MPa, hardness 280-325 and 388-421 HV, respectively. The best properties were obtained after sintering in air of Fe-3%Mn-3%Cr-0.5%Mo-0.2%C without heat treatment: tensile strength 672 MPa, toughness 6.93 J/cm2, hardness 421.1 HV, 0.2 % offset yield strength 395 MPa.
Influence of Zinc on the Surface Tension, Density and Molar Volume of (Ag-Sn)eut +Zn Liquid Alloys
Authors: Gąsior W. , Pstruś J. , Moser Z. 
Published: March 2016

The dilatometric and maximum bubble pressure methods were applied for the measurements of the density and surface tension of liquid (Ag-Sn)eut+Zn lead-free solders. The experiments were carried out in the temperature range from 515 to 1223 K for the alloys of the zinc concentration equaling 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 of the mole fraction. It was found that the temperature dependence of both the density and the surface tension could be thought as linear, so they were interpreted by straight line equations. The experimental data of the molar volume of the investigated alloys were described by the polynomial dependent on the composition and temperature.Calculations of the surface tension by Butler’s equation were conducted and confronted with the experimental data. Some significant deviations between the experimental and the calculated surface tension were observed. They reached almost 40 mNm-1. The observed changes of the density and surface tension caused by the zinc addition to the Ag-Sn eutectic were discussed with the consideration of the thermodynamic properties and the influence of a small quantity of impurities in a protective gas atmosphere.
Control Optimisation of the New Drive of Small Diameter Knitting Machines
Authors: Skřivánek Josef , Bílek Martin , Kašpárek Michal 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The article is concerned with the issues of the drive of small diameter knitting machines. In connection to the proposal of optimum structure of the driving systems of the machine, there have been analysed the possibilities of precisely controlled servo drives. An optimised structure of the drives allows for the utilisation of precisely defined position and velocity functions. There is applied here the function of a polynomial of 7th degree, proposed for impact-free course of the acceleration, and it is compared with the results corresponding to the existing structure of drives of knitting machines. At the same time, there is analysis and comparison of the consumption of electric power by the original and optimised systems.
Open-End Yarn Properties Prediction Using HVI Fibre Properties and Process Parameters
Authors: Ghanmi Hanen , Ghith Adel , Benameur Tarek 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
This article provides three models to predict rotor spun yarn characteristics which are breaking strength, breaking elongation and unevenness. These models used noncorrelated raw material characteristics and some processing parameters. For this purpose, five different cotton blends were processed into rotor spun yarns having different metric numbers (Nm10, Nm15, Nm18, Nm22, Nm30 and Nm37). Each count was spun at different twist levels. Response surface method was used to estimate yarn quality characteristics and to study variable effects on these characteristics. In this study, predicting models are given by the analysis of response surface after many iterations in which nonsignificant terms are excluded for more accuracy and precision. It was shown that yarn count, twist and sliver properties had considerable effects on the open-end rotor spun yarn properties. This study can help industrial application since it allows a quality management-prediction based on input variables such as fibre characteristics and process parameters.
Influence of Fabric Parameters on Thermal Comfort Performance of Double Layer Knitted Interlock Fabrics
Authors: Afzal Ali , Ahmad Sheraz , Rasheed Abher , Ahmad Faheem , Iftikhar Fatima , Nawab Yasir 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of various fabric parameters on the thermal resistance, thermal conductivity, thermal transmittance, thermal absorptivity and thermal insulation of polyester/cotton double layer knitted interlock fabrics. It was found that by increasing fibre content with higher specific heat increases the thermal insulation while decreases the thermal transmittance and absorptivity of the fabric. It was concluded that double layer knitted fabrics developed with higher specific heat fibres, coarser yarn linear densities, higher knitting loop length and fabric thickness could be adequately used for winter clothing purposes.
PLA/PHA-Biodegradable Blends for Pneumothermic Fabrication of Nonwovens
Authors: Szuman Krzysztofa , Krucińska Izabella , Boguń Maciej , Draczyński Zbigniew 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
This study presents the results of research concerning fabrication of nonwovens from biodegradable polymer blends using the melt-blown method. The experiments performed within the framework of the research confirmed the possibility of obtaining polymer composites based on polylactide (PLA) with poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHA) and another aliphatic-aromatic copolyester. The obtained products were subjected to the analyses of chemical structure using the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR) Attenuated Total Reflectance(ATR) method. The physical and mechanical properties of the fabricated nonwoven layers were also tested, which confirmed a wide spectrum of their applicability, depending on the polymer composition used in production.
The Impact of Political Uncertainty: A Robust Control Approach
Authors: Baumann Robert , Svec Justin 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
We examine how candidate uncertainty affects the policy platforms chosen in a unidimensional, two-candidate Downsian spatial model. The candidates, we assume, do not know the true distribution of voters. Following the robust control literature, candidates respond to this uncertainty by applying a max–min operator to their optimization problem. This approach, consistent with findings within the behavioral economics literature, protects the candidate by ensuring that her expected utility never falls too far, regardless of the true voter distribution. We show that this framework produces a continuum of equilibria upon which the candidates can converge and that the size of this continuum is weakly increasing in each candidate’s uncertainty. We argue that our model can explain movements in political platforms over time. That is, the mere presence of candidate uncertainty, in addition to shifts in attitudes or demographics, can cause political candidates to change their policy positions across elections.
Dynamic change of the systemic immune inflammation index predicts the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection
Authors: Wang Bei-li , Tian Lu , Gao Xing-Hui , Ma Xiao-Lu , Wu Jiong , Zhang Chun-Yan , Zhou Yan , Guo Wei , Yang Xin-Rong 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Background:
The aim of the study was to determine the utility of the dynamic change and serial monitoring of the systemic immune inflammation index (SII), which was based on the numbers of patients’ lymphocytes (L), platelets (P), neutrophils (N) and defined as P*N/L, for predicting prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative resection.

Methods:
We conducted a prospective study of 163 patients with HCC who underwent curative resection at Zhongshan Hospital from January 2012 to May 2013. SII was calculated using data acquired before and approximately 1 month after surgery. An optimal cutoff value stratified patients into groups with high or low SII. Patients were classified into unfavorable and favorable groups using the dynamic change of the SII. Two groups that were further divided into four categories within the entire cohort and the low-risk subgroups were serially monitored for ≥6 months. Prognostic values of the SII and other factors were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method, the Cox proportional hazards model, and the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve.

Results:
The favorable group was likely to have cirrhosis, and the unfavorable group was likely to have larger tumors and a higher recurrence rate. Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor size and dynamic change of the SII were independent risk factors for early recurrence. Moreover, the predictive value of the SII was retained in α-fetoprotein (AFP)-negative and HBeAg-negative-HBV-DNA <2000 IU/mL subgroups. Further, the serial changes of the SII for recurrence and no recurrence groups were statistically significant.

Conclusions:
The dynamic change and serial monitoring of the SII represent new indicators for predicting the early recurrence of HCC determining advance optimal therapy in advance.
Fluid evolution and mineralogy of Mn-Fe-barite-fluorite mineralizations at the contact of the Thuringian Basin, Thüringer Wald and Thüringer Schiefergebirge in Germany
Authors: Majzlan Juraj , Brey-Funke Maria , Malz Alexander , Donndorf Stefan , Milovský Rastislav 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Numerous small deposits and occurrences of Mn-Fe-fluorite-barite mineralization have developed at the contact of the Thuringian Basin, Thüringer Wald and Thüringer Schiefergebirge in central Germany. The studied mineralizations comprise the assemblages siderite+ankerite-calcite-fluorite-barite and hematite-Mn oxides-calcite-barite, with the precipitation sequence in that order within each assemblage. A structural geological analysis places the origin of the barite veins between the Middle Jurassic and Early Cretaceous. Primary fluid inclusions contain water vapour and an aqueous phase with NaCl and CaCl2 as the main solutes, with salinities mostly between 24–27 mass. % CaCl2 eq. Th measurements range between 85 °C and 160 °C in barite, between 139 °C and 163 °C in siderite, and between 80 °C and 130 °C in fluorite and calcite. Stable isotopes (S, O) point to the evaporitic source of sulphur in the observed mineralizations. The S,C,O isotopic compositions suggest that barite and calcite could not have precipitated from the same fluid. The isotopic composition of the fluid that precipitated barite is close to the sea water in the entire Permo–Mesozoic time span whereas calcite is isotopically distinctly heavier, as if the fluids were affected by evaporation. The fluid evolution in the siliciclastic/volcanic Rotliegend sediments (as determined by a number of earlier petrological and geochemical studies) can be correlated with the deposition sequence of the ore minerals. In particular, the bleaching of the sediments by reduced Rotliegend fluids (basinal brines) could be the event that mobilized Fe and Mn. These elements were deposited as siderite+ankerite within the Zechstein carbonate rocks and as hematite+Mn oxides within the oxidizing environment of the Permian volcanic and volcanoclastic rocks. A Middle-Jurassic illitization event delivered Ca, Na, Ba, and Pb from the feldspars into the basinal brines. Of these elements, Ba was deposited as massive barite veins.
Rhinocerotidae from the Upper Miocene deposits of the Western Pannonian Basin (Hungary): implications for migration routes and biogeography
Authors: Pandolfi Luca , Gasparik Mihály , Magyar Imre 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Although the rhinoceros remains have high biochronological significance, they are poorly known or scarcely documented in the uppermost Miocene deposits of Europe. Several specimens collected from the Upper Miocene (around 7.0 Ma, Turolian) deposits of Kávás (Pannonian Basin, Western Hungary), previously determined as Rhinoceros sp., are revised and described in this paper. The postcranial remains of these specimens belong to “Dihoplus” megarhinus (de Christol) on the basis of the morphological and morphometric characters of humerus, radii, metacarpal and metatarsal elements. An overview of rhinoceros remains from several uppermost Miocene localities and the revision of the rhinoceros material from the Pannonian Basin suggest that “D.” megarhinus spread during the latest Miocene from the Pannonian Basin towards Italy. The occurrences of this species in Western Hungary and Italy during the latest Miocene further imply that Rhinocerotini species were biogeographically segregated between Western, Southern and Central Europe.
Neotethyan rifting-related ore occurrences: study of an accretionary mélange complex (Darnó Unit, NE Hungary)
Authors: Kiss Gabriella B. , Oláh Erika , Zaccarini Federica , Szakáll Sándor 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe geology of the NE Hungarian Darnó Unit is rather complicated, as it is composed mostly of a Jurassic accretionary mélange complex, according to the most recent investigations. The magmatic and sedimentary rock blocks of the mélange represent products of different evolutionary stages of the Neotethys; including Permian and Triassic sedimentary rocks of marine rifting related origin, Triassic pillow basalt of advanced rifting related origin and Jurassic pillow basalt originated in back-arc-basin environment. This small unit contains a copper-gold occurrence in the Permian marly-clayey limestone, an iron enrichment in the Triassic sedimentary succession, a copper-silver ore occurrence in Triassic pillow basalts and a copper ore indication, occurring both in the Triassic and Jurassic pillow basalts. The present study deals with the Cu(-Ag) occurrence in the Triassic basalt and the Fe occurrence in the Triassic sedimentary succession. The former shows significant similarities with the Michigan-type mineralizations, while the latter has typical characteristics of the Fe-SEDEX deposits. All the above localities fit well into the new geological model of the investigated area. The mineralizations represent the different evolutionary stages of the Neotethyan rifting and an epigenetic, Alpine metamorphism-related process and their recent, spatially close position is the result of the accretionary mélange formation. Thus, the Darnó Unit represents a perfect natural laboratory for studying and understanding the characteristic features of several different rifting related ore forming processes.
Assessment of Equivalence of Small and Large Orifice Computational Models
Authors: Kubrak Michał 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The aim of this paper was to analyze theoretical aspects of calculating steady water flow through unsubmerged circular orifices. Theoretical analysis shows that the values of discharge obtained by using formulas intended for small orifices are greater than those calculated using formulas for large orifices. These differences attain a maximum value when the water level reaches the upper edge of the orifice, and decrease when water head increases. It has been proven that the volumetric flow rate for circular unsubmerged orifices can be calculated by formulas for small orifices when the water level above the center of gravity is at least four times as high as the diameter of the orifice.
Experimental Analysis of Horizontal Turbulence of Flow over Flat and Deformed Beds
Authors: Termini Donatella 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Laboratory experiments in a straight flume were carried out to examine the evolution of large-scale horizontal turbulent structures under flat-bed and deformed-bed conditions. In this paper, the horizontal turbulence of flow under these conditions is analyzed and compared. The conditioned quadrant method is applied to verify the occurrence of turbulent events. The distributions of horizontal Reynolds shear stress and turbulent kinetic energy are also presented and discussed. Results show the occurrence of an “initial” sequence of horizontal vortices whose average spatial length scales with the channel width. Under deformed-bed conditions, this spatial length does not change.
Compaction/Liquefaction Properties of Some Model Sands
Authors: Sawicki Andrzej , Mierczyński Jacek , Sławińska Justyna 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The compaction/liquefaction characteristics of two model sands are determined experimentally. One sand (Istanbul) is used in shaking table investigations, and the other (Dundee) in geotechnical centrifuge experiments. Both types of these highly sophisticated experiments are planned to be applied to test theories of seabed liquefaction. The first step of these experiments is to determine the parameters of model soils, which is the main goal of this paper.
Effect of MgO and MnO on Phosphorus Utilization in P-Bearing Steelmaking Slag
Authors: Lin Lu , Bao Yan-Ping , Wang Min , Li Xiang 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn order to recycle the phosphorus in P-bearing converter slag and make it used as slag phosphate fertilizer, the effect of MgO and MnO in P-bearing steelmaking slag on phosphorus existence form, P2O5 solubility and magnetic separation behavior were researched systematically. The results show that the phosphorus in slag is mainly in the form of n2CaO · SiO2–3CaO · P2O5 (for short nC2S–C3P) solid solution in the P-rich phase for CaO-SiO2-FetO-P2O5-X (X stands for MgO and MnO, respectively). And the increasing of MgO and MnO content has no influence on precipitation of nC2S–C3P solid solution in slag, MnO and MgO mainly enter into RO phase and base phase to form MnFe2O4 and MgFe2O4, which has little effect on the P2O5 content of P-rich phase, so which has little effect on the degree of phosphorus enrichment and phosphorus occurrence form of the P-bearing slag. And adding MgO and MnO into CaO-SiO2-P2O5-Fe2O3 slag system can break the complex net structure formed by Si–O on certain degree, and also hinder the precipitation of β-Ca3(PO4)2 crystal with low citric acid solubility during the melting–cooling process. Therefore, adding appropriate MgO and MnO content into slag can improve the slag P2O5 solubility, but the effect of different amounts of MgO and MnO on the P2O5 solubility has little difference. Meanwhile, adding MgO and MnO into slag can improve the metallization of slag and magnetism of iron-rich phase, make the magnetic substances content increase and separation of phosphorus and iron incomplete, so it is adverse to phosphorus resources recovery from P-bearing slag by magnetic separation method. In order to recycle the phosphorus in P-bearing converter slag, the MgO and MnO content in the P-bearing slag should be controlled in the steelmaking process.
First–Order Transfer Sections with Reconnection–Less Electronically Reconfigurable High–Pass, All–Pass and Direct Transfer Character
Authors: Sotner Roman , Jerabek Jan , Herencsar Norbert , Prokop Roman , Lahiri Abhirup , Dostal Tomas , Vrba Kamil 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Presented research introduces active filtering circuits which allow change of the transfer type without necessity of reconnection of the input or output terminal that can be very useful for on-chip applications. Our attention is focused on simple first-order filters that allow high-pass response (HP), all-pass response (AP) and also direct transfer (DT) with constant magnitude and phase characteristics between two terminals (input and output) by adjusting of one controllable parameter (current gain B in our case). Useful modification of the well-known current follower transconductance amplifier (CFTA), the so-called Z-copy current-controlled current follower differential input transconductance amplifier (ZC-CCCFDITA) and adjustable current amplifier were utilized in these circuits. Interesting possibilities (crossing between several transfer functions) of presented circuits require different values of B to obtain desired transfer function that is very important for practice and selection of specific way of control. Requirements on value of this continuously controllable gain B differ among presented structures. Theory is supported by simulation and measurement results with behavioral models utilizing commercially available active elements and simulation results with active elements based on CMOS models.
Synchronous Generator Model Parameter Estimation Based on Noisy Dynamic Waveforms
Authors: Berhausen Sebastian , Paszek Stefan 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In recent years, there have occurred system failures in many power systems all over the world. They have resulted in a lack of power supply to a large number of recipients. To minimize the risk of occurrence of power failures, it is necessary to perform multivariate investigations, including simulations, of power system operating conditions. To conduct reliable simulations, the current base of parameters of the models of generating units, containing the models of synchronous generators, is necessary. In the paper, there is presented a method for parameter estimation of a synchronous generator nonlinear model based on the analysis of selected transient waveforms caused by introducing a disturbance (in the form of a pseudorandom signal) in the generator voltage regulation channel. The parameter estimation was performed by minimizing the objective function defined as a mean square error for deviations between the measurement waveforms and the waveforms calculated based on the generator mathematical model. A hybrid algorithm was used for the minimization of the objective function. In the paper, there is described a filter system used for filtering the noisy measurement waveforms. The calculation results of the model of a 44 kW synchronous generator installed on a laboratory stand of the Institute of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science of the Silesian University of Technology are also given. The presented estimation method can be successfully applied to parameter estimation of different models of high-power synchronous generators operating in a power system.