bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making It Social: Considering the Purpose of Literacy to Support Participation in Making and Engineering
Authors: Tucker‐Raymond Eli , Gravel Brian E. , Wagh Aditi , Wilson Naeem 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDigital literacies for disciplinary learning explores intersections of digital and disciplinary literacies across learning contexts such as community makerspaces and schools and examines learning across disciplines including the arts, engineering, science, social studies, language arts, and math. Columns will address work with both youth and adults, both in school and out of school. Digital enhancements will encourage interactivity with readers and will provoke questions, comments, and connections.
Optimism, Cynical Hostility, Falls, and Fractures: The Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI-OS)
Authors: Cauley Jane A , Smagula Stephen F , Hovey Kathleen M , Wactawski-Wende Jean , Andrews Christopher A , Crandall Carolyn J , LeBoff Meryl S , Li Wenjun , Coday Mace , Sattari Maryam , Tindle Hilary A 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Traits of optimism and cynical hostility are features of personality that could influence the risk of falls and fractures by influencing risk-taking behaviors, health behaviors, or inflammation. To test the hypothesis that personality influences falls and fracture risk, we studied 87,342 women enrolled in WHI-OS. Optimism was assessed by the Life Orientation Test–Revised and cynical hostility, the cynicism subscale of the Cook-Medley questionnaire. Higher scores indicate greater optimism and hostility. Optimism and hostility were correlated at r = –0. 31, p &lt; 0.001. Annual self-report of falling ≥2 times in the past year was modeled using repeated measures logistic regression. Cox proportional hazards models were used for the fracture outcomes. We examined the risk of falls and fractures across the quartiles (Q) of optimism and hostility with tests for trends; Q1 formed the referent group. The average follow-up for fractures was 11.4 years and for falls was 7.6 years. In multivariable (MV)-adjusted models, women with the highest optimism scores (Q4) were 11% less likely to report ≥2 falls in the past year (odds ratio [OR] = 0.89; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.85–0.90). Women in Q4 for hostility had a 12% higher risk of ≥2 falls (OR = 1.12; 95% CI 1.07–1.17). Higher optimism scores were also associated with a 10% lower risk of fractures, but this association was attenuated in MV models. Women with the greatest hostility (Q4) had a modest increased risk of any fracture (MV-adjusted hazard ratio = 1. 05; 95% CI 1.01–1.09), but there was no association with specific fracture sites. In conclusion, optimism was independently associated with a decreased risk of ≥2 falls, and hostility with an increased risk of ≥2 falls, independent of traditional risk factors. The magnitude of the association was similar to aging 5 years. Whether interventions aimed at attitudes could reduce fall risks remains to be determined. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
IL-36 Induces Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw-Like Lesions in Mice by Inhibiting TGF-β-Mediated Collagen Expression
Authors: Kim Sol , Williams Drake W , Lee Cindy , Kim Terresa , Arai Atsushi , Shi Songtao , Li Xinmin , Shin Ki-Hyuk , Kang Mo K , Park No-Hee , Kim Reuben H 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Long-term administration of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates can induce detrimental side effects such as bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) in human. Although inflammation is known to be associated with BRONJ development, the detailed underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we report that the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-36α is, in part, responsible for the BRONJ development. We found a notably higher level of IL-36α and lower level of collagen in the BRONJ lesions in mice. We also found that IL-36α remarkably suppressed TGF-β-mediated expression of Collα1 and α-Sma via the activation of Erk signaling pathway in mouse gingival mesenchymal stem cells. When IL-36 signaling was abrogated in vivo, development of BRONJ lesions was ameliorated in mice. Taken together, we showed the pathologic role of IL-36α in BRONJ development by inhibiting collagen expression and demonstrated that IL-36α could be a potential marker and a therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of BRONJ. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Absence of the Vitamin D Receptor Inhibits Atherosclerotic Plaque Calcification in Female Hypercholesterolemic Mice
Authors: Shamsuzzaman Sohel , Onal Melda , St John Hillary C. , Jeffery Justin J. , Pike John W. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTEpidemiological and clinical data suggest adverse cardiovascular outcomes with respect to vitamin D deficiency. Here, we explored the effects of vitamin D in atherosclerotic plaque calcification in vivo by utilizing vitamin D receptor (Vdr)‐deficient mice in an Apoe−/− background. Animals were fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) for either 12 or 18 weeks and then examined for atherosclerotic plaque development. In order to prevent calcium deficiency, Vdr−/− and Apoe−/−;Vdr−/− animals were fed a high‐calcium rescue diet prior to initiation of the HFD feeding and supplemented with high‐calcium water during HFD feeding. Although calcium supplementation improved bone mass in Vdr−/− and Apoe−/−;Vdr−/− mice, neither strain was fully rescued. Systemic inflammatory responses observed in the absence of VDR were exaggerated in Apoe−/− mice. Whereas, hyperlipidemic profiles seen in Apoe−/− mice were ameliorated in the absence of VDR. Micro‐computed tomography (µCT) analysis revealed that six out of eight Apoe−/− animals developed atherosclerotic plaque calcification following 12 weeks of HFD feeding and 100% of the mice developed plaque calcification after 18 weeks. In contrast, although atherosclerotic lesions were evident in Apoe−/−;Vdr−/− mice at 12 and 18 weeks of HFD challenge, none of these animals developed plaque calcification at either time point. The active vitamin D hormone, 1,25(OH)2D3 likely increased calcification in aortic smooth muscle cells perhaps by directly modulating expression of Alpl, Rankl, and Opg. Our data suggest that the absence of VDR inhibits atherosclerotic plaque calcification in hypercholesterolemic Apoe−/− mice, providing additional insight into the role of vitamin D in atherosclerotic plaque calcification. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1050–1064, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
CTNND1 755 T>G Promoter Polymorphism and Risk of Pancreatic Carcinoma in Chinese
Authors: Wang Wei , Fei Yang , Liu Sheng‐li 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between 755 T>G polymorphisms in the CTNND1 gene, which is associated with the risk of pancreatic carcinoma in Chinese.MethodsCTNND1 755 T>G genotypes were determined by PCR‐RFLP in 122 pancreatic carcinoma patients and 180 healthy controls matched for age and sex, who did not receive radiotherapy or chemotherapy for newly diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed pancreatic carcinoma.ResultsIn control subjects, the frequency of T/T and G/T genotypes, and T and G alleles was 79.4%, 17.2%, 88.1%, and 11.9%, respectively. The distribution of genotypes and allelotypes in the pancreatic carcinoma patients was significantly different from that in the controls (P = 0.007, P = 0.012). Combined GG and GT genotypes were found to have a higher OR in male pancreatic carcinoma patients and the group under the age of 70 years (males: OR, 1.409; 95%CI, 0.912~1.921; under 70 years: OR 1.626; 95% CI, 0.878~2.312). This study also showed a distinct difference in the distribution of P120ctn and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between Chinese and Canadian (11.9% vs. 3.9%, P = 0.008).ConclusionCTNND1 755 T>G polymorphism may be a stratification marker to predict the susceptibility to pancreatic carcinoma, at least in Chinese. CTNND1 promoter SNPs is diverse in ethnic populations.
Successful treatment of recurrent CNS disease post‐bone marrow transplant in children with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Bock Allison M. , LeVeque Michelle , Camitta Bruce , Talano Julie‐An 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundCentral nervous system (CNS) involvement is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Current standard of care for CNS disease utilizes high‐dose systemic dexamethasone plus intrathecal methotrexate and hydrocortisone prior to transplantation. However, the morbidity and mortality remains high and there are no clear guidelines posttransplantation for screening and treatment of CNS disease.ProcedureWe report a single‐center retrospective case series of five patients with familial HLH (FHLH) who had CNS involvement post‐bone marrow transplantation (BMT). All patients were monitored with monthly lumbar punctures (LPs) prior to developing neurologic symptoms. Treatment utilized systemic dexamethasone for CNS disease control.ResultsFive patients were monitored with monthly or bimonthly surveillance LPs and treated with systemic dexamethasone to control CNS relapse post‐BMT. All patients are alive, a median of 34 months posttransplant (range 14–66 months). Four patients have mild neurological deficits, including mild speech delay (3) and one patient who exhibited brainstem herniation on day 0, due to CNS HLH, has made a substantial recovery of function with residual deficits of focal weakness on the right side. One patient has no deficits.ConclusionOur data support vigilant screening posttransplant for occult CNS disease prior to the development of symptoms and the use of systemic dexamethasone to reverse disease progression. Future prospective trials are needed to evaluate this treatment strategy.
Pencil beam scanning proton therapy for treatment of the retroperitoneum after nephrectomy for Wilms tumor: A dosimetric comparison study
Authors: Vogel Jennifer , Lin Haibo , Both Stefan , Tochner Zelig , Balis Frank , Hill‐Kayser Christine 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundMultimodality treatment for patients with Wilms tumor has improved patient survival, but is associated with acute and long‐term toxicity, partially due to irradiation. Proton therapy using pencil beam scanning (PBS) is a promising technique to reduce dose to organs at risk (OAR). In this study, we evaluate PBS plans for postoperative irradiation in patients with Wilms tumor.ProcedurePatients were treated with anterior‐posterior–posterior‐anterior (AP–PA) photon fields encompassing the preoperative tumor volume. Patients requiring whole lung irradiation were treated with AP–PA photon fields covering the bilateral lungs. Prescription doses were generally 1,080 and 1,200 cGy, respectively. Flank PBS plans encompassing the ipsilateral retroperitoneum and para‐arotic nodes were generated for dosimetric evaluation.ResultsTreatment records and comparison plans of 11 patients were reviewed. Mean dose and median dose to 50% or more of the contralateral kidney (D50) were 135 cGy and 139 cGy with photons and 52 cGy relative biological effectiveness (RBE) (P = 0.009) and 5 cGy RBE (P = 0.000001) with PBS. Mean dose and median D50 to bowel was 639 cGy and 979 cGy with photons and 379 cGy RBE (P = 0.001) and 47 cGy RBE (P = 0.004) with PBS. Mean dose and median D50 to the liver were 755 cGy and 1,013 cGy with photons and 411 cGy RBE (P = 0.02) and 132 cGy RBE (P = 0.02) with PBS. For patients with right‐sided tumors, mean liver dose following sequential whole lung irradiation was 1,252 cGy with photons and 845 cGy RBE (P = 0.04) with PBS.DiscussionsPBS proton therapy is a feasible method for irradiating the retroperitoneum and provides significant sparing of dose to critical OAR. This may translate to improved long‐term health outcomes for patients and warrants further clinical investigation.
Incidence of second cancers after radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy in heritable retinoblastoma survivors: A report from the German reference center
Authors: Temming Petra , Arendt Marina , Viehmann Anja , Eisele Lewin , Le Guin Claudia H. D. , Schündeln Michael M. , Biewald Eva , Astrahantseff Kathy , Wieland Regina , Bornfeld Norbert , Sauerwein Wolfgang , Eggert Angelika , Jöckel Karl‐Heinz , Lohmann Dietmar R. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundSurvivors of heritable retinoblastoma carry a high risk to develop second cancers. Eye‐preserving radiotherapy raises this risk, while the impact of chemotherapy remains less defined.ProcedureThis population‐based study characterizes the impact of all treatment modalities on second cancers incidence and type after retinoblastoma treatment in Germany. Data on second cancer incidence in 648 patients with heritable retinoblastoma treated between 1940 and 2008 at the German national reference center for retinoblastoma were analyzed to identify associations with treatment.ResultsThe cumulative incidence ratio (per 1,000 person years) of second cancers was 8.6 (95% confidence interval 7.0–10.4). Second cancer incidence was influenced by type of retinoblastoma treatment but not by the year of diagnosis or by sex. Radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy increased the incidence of second cancers (by 3.0‐ and 1.8‐fold, respectively). While radiotherapy was specifically associated with second cancers arising within the periorbital region in the previously irradiated field, chemotherapy was the strongest risk factor for second cancers in other localizations. Soft tissue sarcomas and osteosarcomas were the most prevalent second cancers (standardized incidence ratio 179.35 compared to the German population).ConclusionsSecond cancers remain a major concern in heritable retinoblastoma survivors. Consistent with previous reports, radiotherapy increased second cancer incidence and influenced type and localization. However, chemotherapy was the strongest risk factor for second malignancies outside the periorbital region. Our results provide screening priorities during life‐long oncological follow‐up based on the curative therapy the patient has received and emphasize the need for less‐detrimental therapies for children with heritable retinoblastoma.
Sclerosing cholangitis and intracranial lymphoma in a child with classical Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome
Authors: Vignesh Pandiarajan , Suri Deepti , Rawat Amit , Lau Yu Lung , Bhatia Anmol , Das Ashim , Srinivasan Anirudh , Dhandapani Sivashanmugam 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPatients with Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome (WAS) are predisposed to malignancy and autoimmunity in addition to infections. We report a male child with WAS, who had presented with recurrent pneumonia, eczema, thrombocytopenia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and vasculitic skin lesions. Genetic analysis revealed a classical genotype WAS 155C>T; R41X. At 2 years of follow‐up, he developed persistent headache and progressive hepatomegaly. Brain imaging showed a mass in the right frontal region, which on histopathology was shown to be high‐grade non‐Hodgkin lymphoma. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed features of sclerosing cholangitis. This report extends the clinical spectrum and highlights unusual manifestations of sclerosing cholangitis and intracranial lymphoma in a patient with WAS.
Short‐term recovery of chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy after treatment for pediatric non‐CNS cancer
Authors: Gilchrist Laura S. , Tanner Lynn R. , Ness Kirsten K. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPurposeChemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a frequent side effect of pediatric cancer treatment. The presentation of CIPN, trajectory and completeness of recovery over the first 6 months postchemotherapy, and the influence of patient and treatment characteristics on recovery are described.Patients and MethodsSixty‐seven children and adolescents treated for non‐CNS cancers were evaluated for CIPN using the pediatric modified total neuropathy score (ped‐mTNS) while on treatment and 3 and 6 months postchemotherapy. Differences between diagnostic groups and treatment type were evaluated as well as change in scores over time. Risk factors for on‐treatment and persistent CIPN at 6 months were identified.ResultsOverall, ped‐mTNSs were in the abnormal range for 86.5% during treatment and scores decreased over time (initial 9.3 ± 0.6, 6 months 4.3 ± 0.4; F = 38.14, P < 0.001). By 6 months posttreatment, mean scores and percentage of children with abnormal scores were reduced to 2.4 ± 0.3 and 11.5%, respectively, in the ALL group, but remained higher at 5.7 ± 0.7 and 57%, respectively, for lymphoma, and 5.2 ± 1.0 and 60%, respectively, for other solid tumors. At 6 months posttreatment, light touch deficits and foot strength deficits remained in 19.4 and 59.7%, respectively, compared with only 4.9 and 9.8% of the control population. Subjects who were older at exposure, female, or who received etoposide in addition to vincristine were at higher risk for on‐treatment CIPN. On‐treatment sensory abnormalities were associated with increased risk of persistent CIPN.ConclusionWhile CIPN improves in most pediatric patients, significant numbers, especially those treated for lymphoma or other solid tumors, have remaining neuropathic signs and symptoms 6 months posttreatment.
TMSEG: Novel prediction of transmembrane helices
Authors: Bernhofer Michael , Kloppmann Edda , Reeb Jonas , Rost Burkhard 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTTransmembrane proteins (TMPs) are important drug targets because they are essential for signaling, regulation, and transport. Despite important breakthroughs, experimental structure determination remains challenging for TMPs. Various methods have bridged the gap by predicting transmembrane helices (TMHs), but room for improvement remains. Here, we present TMSEG, a novel method identifying TMPs and accurately predicting their TMHs and their topology. The method combines machine learning with empirical filters. Testing it on a non‐redundant dataset of 41 TMPs and 285 soluble proteins, and applying strict performance measures, TMSEG outperformed the state‐of‐the‐art in our hands. TMSEG correctly distinguished helical TMPs from other proteins with a sensitivity of 98 ± 2% and a false positive rate as low as 3 ± 1%. Individual TMHs were predicted with a precision of 87 ± 3% and recall of 84 ± 3%. Furthermore, in 63 ± 6% of helical TMPs the placement of all TMHs and their inside/outside topology was correctly predicted. There are two main features that distinguish TMSEG from other methods. First, the errors in finding all helical TMPs in an organism are significantly reduced. For example, in human this leads to 200 and 1600 fewer misclassifications compared to the second and third best method available, and 4400 fewer mistakes than by a simple hydrophobicity‐based method. Second, TMSEG provides an add‐on improvement for any existing method to benefit from. Proteins 2016; 84:1706–1716. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lactate dehydrogenase downregulation mediates the inhibitory effect of diallyl trisulfide on proliferation, metastasis, and invasion in triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Cheng Shi‐Yann , Yang Yao‐Chih , Ting Kuan‐lun , Wen Su-Ying , Viswanadha Vijaya Padma , Huang Chih‐Yang , Kuo Wei‐Wen 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe Warburg effect plays a critical role in tumorigenesis, suggesting that specific agents targeting Warburg effect key proteins may be a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Previous studies have shown that diallyl trisulfide (DATS) inhibits proliferation of breast cancer cells by inducing apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. However, whether the Warburg effect is involved with the apoptosis‐promoting action of DATS is unclear. Here, we show that the action of DATS is associated with downregulation of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), an essential protein of the Warburg effect whose upregulation is closely related to tumorigenesis. Interestingly, inhibition of the Warburg effect by DATS in breast cancer cells did not greatly affect normal cells. Furthermore, DATS inhibited growth of breast cancer cells, particularly in MDA‐MB‐231, a triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell, and reduced proliferation and migration; invasion was reversed by over‐expression of LDHA. These data suggest that DATS inhibits breast cancer growth and aggressiveness through a novel pathway targeting the key enzyme of the Warburg effect. Our study shows that LDHA downregulation is involved in the apoptotic effect of DATS on TNBC. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1390–1398, 2017.
Collaborating With Music Therapists to Improve Patient Care
Authors: Palmer Jaclyn Bradley , Lane Deforia , Mayo Diane 
Published: August 2016

AbstractCollaboration between perioperative nurses and music therapists can be beneficial in providing a safe, cost‐effective means of managing patients’ anxiety and pain and reducing the need for pharmacologic intervention in the perioperative setting. The use of a board‐certified music therapist may help to improve patient outcomes, ease nurse workload, and serve as an adjunct therapeutic modality that is enjoyable for both patients and staff members. We conducted a two‐year, randomized controlled trial to determine how to best implement a music therapy program, navigate its challenges, and collaborate with nurse colleagues to bring its benefits to surgical patients. This article offers suggestions for alliances between perioperative nursing and music therapy staff members and describes the potential of music therapists to help provide optimal patient care.
Outcome Management in Cardiac Surgery Using the Society of Thoracic Surgeons National Database
Authors: Halpin Linda S. , Gallardo Bret E. , Speir Alan M. , Ad Niv 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHealth care reform has helped streamline patient care and reimbursement by encouraging providers to provide the best outcome for the best value. Institutions with cardiac surgery programs need a methodology to monitor and improve outcomes linked to reimbursement. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons National Database (STSND) is a tool for monitoring outcomes and improving care. This article identifies the purpose, goals, and reporting system of the STSND and ways these data can be used for benchmarking, linking outcomes to the effectiveness of treatment, and identifying factors associated with mortality and complications. We explain the methodology used at Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, Virginia, to perform outcome management by using the STSND and address our performance‐improvement cycle through discussion of data collection, analysis, and outcome reporting. We focus on the revision of clinical practice and offer examples of how patient outcomes have been improved using this methodology.
Guideline Implementation: Processing Flexible Endoscopes
Authors: Bashaw Marie A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe updated AORN “Guideline for processing flexible endoscopes” provides guidance to perioperative, endoscopy, and sterile processing personnel for processing all types of reusable flexible endoscopes and accessories in all procedural settings. This article focuses on key points of the guideline to help perioperative personnel safely and effectively process flexible endoscopes to prevent infection transmission. The key points address verification of manual cleaning, mechanical cleaning and processing, storage in a drying cabinet, determination of maximum storage time before reprocessing is needed, and considerations for implementing a microbiologic surveillance program. Perioperative RNs should review the complete guideline for additional information and for guidance when writing and updating policies and procedures.