bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Science of Art: The Universality of the Law of Contrast
Authors: van Dongen Noah N. N. , Zijlmans Josjan 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Visual contrast appears to be an important factor in the appreciation of paintings. However, it has not been determined whether and how the effect of contrast differs between painting characteristics and whether and how it differs between people. We investigated whether the effect of contrast generalizes across cultures, variations in initial contrast levels (i.e., the amount of contrast in the digital reproductions of an original painting) between paintings, painting types (i.e., representational or abstract), and social and cognitive–aesthetic factors (e.g., age, education, art expertise). Our results indicated that people consistently favor high-contrast versions of paintings over their low-contrast counterparts; this effect is stronger for abstract paintings and paintings with a low or moderate initial contrast level; this effect is not influenced by culture, social factors, or cognitive–aesthetic factors; and surprisingly, the aesthetic value of digitized original paintings can be increased by increasing their contrast value. In short, we found empirical support against the universal importance of contrast in relation to painting characteristics but in favor of the universal importance of contrast in relation to people characteristics.
The Eye-Size Illusion Is Handled by Two Separate Processes
Authors: Rakover Sam S. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
As a visual stimulus, the face is handled by 2 separate processes: the general visual and the face specific. The present study evinces for the first time that the former process is strengthened by the latter when a geometric illusion (handled by the general visual process) is embedded in a face (handled by the face-specific process). This theoretical approach is supported by the following main finding. When a geometric illusion is implanted in a face, the eye-size illusion is generated. Change in or gradual elimination of facial information diminishes the illusion. When all facial information is removed, one obtains a geometric illusion: the rectangle-size illusion, wherein the eyes are replaced by a black rectangle and all other facial features are stripped off. The eye-size illusion is much larger than the rectangle-size illusion. Further results provide additional support for the theoretical approach adopted by the present study.
Flexible Verbal–Spatial Mapping in the Horizontal and Vertical SNARC Effects of Mainland Chinese Readers
Authors: Li Mengxia , Zhang Entao , Zhang Yanjun , Fanga Xi , Li Qiwei 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Traditionally, the spatial–numerical association of response codes (SNARC) effect was explained by assuming that the processing of numbers automatically activates internal visuospatial codes. In contrast, Gevers et al. (2010) suggested that the SNARC effect can result from both visuospatial and verbal–spatial processing, with verbal–spatial being the dominant processing mechanism. The current study tested this assumption in two experiments with the SNARC effects obtained from the horizontal and the vertical directions. Consistent with the assumption of Gevers et al., the horizontal SNARC effect is dominantly driven by verbal–spatial coding in Arabic numerals and simplified and complex Chinese numbers. More specifically, in the horizontal direction, mainland Chinese participants more dominantly associate small numbers with the verbal–spatial “left” and large numbers with the verbal–spatial “right.” But inconsistent with key predictions of Gevers et al., a remarkable association was found between small numbers with the visuospatial “top” and large numbers with the visuospatial “bottom” in the vertical SNARC effect for numbers in Arabic numerals and simplified Chinese numbers and a dominant association between small numbers with the verbal–spatial coding “bottom” and large numbers with the verbal–spatial coding “top” for complex Chinese numbers, also in the vertical SNARC effect. These findings demonstrate that verbal–spatial coding of numbers is flexible, which is plausible because of the direction-dissociative and notation-specific nature of number–space mapping.
How You Measure Is What You Get: Differences in Self- and External Ratings of Emotional Experiences in Home Dreams
Authors: Sikka Pilleriin , Feilhauer Diana , Valli Katja , Revonsuo Antti 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis study demonstrates that different methods for measuring emotional experiences in dreams—self-ratings of dreams using emotion rating scales versus external ratings in the form of content analysis of narrative dream reports—can lead to strikingly different results and contradicting conclusions about the emotional content of home dreams. During 3 consecutive weeks, every morning upon awakening, 44 participants (16 men, 28 women, average age 26.9 ± 5.1 years) reported their dreams and rated their emotional experiences in those dreams using the modified Differential Emotions Scale. Two external judges rated emotional experiences in the same 552 (M = 12.55 ± 5.72) home dream reports using the same scale. Comparison of the 2 methods showed that with self-ratings dreams were rated as more emotional and more positive than with external ratings. Moreover, whereas with self-ratings the majority of dreams was rated as positively valenced, with external ratings the majority of dream reports was rated as negatively valenced. Although self- and external ratings converge, at least partially, in the measurement of negative emotional experiences, they diverge greatly in the measurement of positive emotional experiences. On one hand, this discrepancy may result from different biases inherent in the 2 measurement methods highlighting the need to develop better methods for measuring emotional experiences. On the other hand, self- and external ratings may capture different phenomena and should thus be considered complementary and used concurrently. Nevertheless, results suggest that negative emotional experiences can be measured in a more valid and reliable manner than positive emotional experiences. Supplementary results are available at http://www.press.uillinois.edu/journals/ajp/media/sikka/how_you_measure/
Effects of peer mentoring on nursing students’ perceived stress, sense of belonging, self-efficacy and loneliness
Authors: Raymond June M. , Sheppard Kim 
Published: August 2017

Mentorship has been around for years and has been explored in nursing education in the clinical settings. Despite evidence that indicates that the academic environment is the most common source of stress, little mentorship implementation and investigation has been done in this environment. The purpose of this research is to describe the effects of a mentorship experience on the level of perceived stress, sense of belonging, self-efficacy, and loneliness by first year baccalaureate nursing students. A quasi-experimental design was conducted. Seventy baccalaureate nursing students in the first year of their program (n = 34 in the experimental group; n = 36 in the control group) enrolled in a single baccalaureate nursing program were recruited. Third year mentors were purposefully selected by nursing professors within the program. The Perceived Stress Scale, the College Self-Efficacy Inventory (CSEI)–Revised, Sense of Belonging-Psychological, Sense of Belonging-Antecedents, and the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale were used to evaluate the various concepts as these tools were used in previous research with college level students and deemed to be reliable and valid tools for measuring the relevant concepts. The mentorship program was statistically significant in reducing first year nursing students’ perceived stress and loneliness. It also appeared to increase their sense of self-efficacy and psychological sense of belonging. The mentorship experience could potentially enhance the student experience as well as aid the academic institution in retention and resource maximization. The focus of this research was on the academic mentoring by peers and is worth further exploration and possible wide-scale integration within nursing education.
Santiago Ramón y Cajal: análisis retrospectivo de un caso de acoso escolar
Authors: Del Barrio Gándara Victoria 
Published: August 2017

ResumenEl acoso escolar tiene hoy una vigencia especial, sin em­bargo, es un problema que con mayor o menor intensi­dad ha existido siempre. Se presenta un caso especial de acoso que por la relevancia del personaje puede ser una fuente de inspiración para los casos actuales de acoso. El método seguido ha sido analizar, primero las caracterís­ticas del acoso recurriendo a expertos y segundo las alu­siones que Cajal hace del acoso en su obra especialmente el contenido Recuerdos de mi vida donde se hace una minuciosa descripción de su experiencia. Después se comparan ambas situaciones. En la autobiografía de Santiago Ramón y Cajal, se con­tienen unas descripciones de ciertos episodios de su ni­ñez que resultan ser unas perfectas definiciones de unos casos de “bullying” vividos por él durante sus años de escolar. Esas páginas tienen además el interés de ofrecer unos agudos análisis sobre las causas de aquellos acosos, y sobre su significado para la vida del niño. Dada la pro­cedencia de estos análisis y soluciones tan diversas en distintas circunstancias, es conveniente que los expertos en acoso escolar las conozcan y tengan en cuenta. AbstractThe school harassment has today a special interest, never­theless it is a problem that with major or minor intensity has existed always. The followed method has been to analyze, first the characteristics of the bullying appealing experts and I do again the allusions that Cajal does of the bullying in his work specially the content Recuerdos de mi vida where a meticulous description does to itself of his experi­ence. Later both situations are compared. We present a spe­cial case of bullying that for the relevancy of the personage can be a font of inspiration for the current cases of bully­ing In S. Ramón y Cajal’s autobiography, there are offered some lively descriptions of a case of violence in school, or bullying, suffered by him during his schoolboy days. His analysis and reflections on that experience may serve as some “classic pages” on such phenomenon, and his way of facing it is still now worthy to be read and considered. Given the origin of these analyses and so diverse solutions in different circumstances, is suitable that the experts in bullying know it and bear in mind.
Características psicológicas para el rendimiento deportivo en jóvenes jugadores de fútbol, rugby y baloncesto
Authors: Olmedilla Aurelio , García-Mas Alexandre , Ortega Enrique 
Published: August 2017

ResumenEl conocimiento de las características psicológicas de los jóvenes deportistas puede ser muy valioso para que, junto a los indicadores físicos y antropométricos, posibiliten a sus entrenadores y técnicos individualizar los procesos de entrenamiento y de esta manera optimizarlos. Los objetivos de este estudio son establecer las características psicológicas de los jóvenes jugadores de fútbol, rugby y baloncesto y determinar si existen diferencias psicológicas entre ellos en función del deporte que practican. Los participantes fueron 149 deportistas varones, 36 eran jugadores de futbol, 70 de baloncesto y 43 de rugby, con una media de edad de 15.99±1.47. Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Características Psicológicas relacionadas con el Rendimiento Deportivo (CPRD). Los resultados indican que los jugadores presentan una tendencia similar en sus puntuaciones, aunque los jugadores de baloncesto son los que obtienen puntuaciones más bajas. Los futbolistas puntúan más alto en control de estrés, motivación y cohesión de equipo, mientras que los jugadores de rugby lo hacen en influencia de la evaluación del rendimiento y habilidad mental. En general, los deportistas manifiestan una buena capacidad para controlar el estrés, para gestionar adecuadamente la evaluación que se hace de su ejecución deportiva y una buena motivación hacia su práctica deportiva, aunque con un margen de mejora que sugiere implementar programas adecuados de entrenamiento. AbstractTo have knowledge of the psychological characteristics of grassroot team players can be very valuable so that, together with their physical and anthropometric features, may enable their coaches to individualize the training processes and thus optimize them. The objectives of this study are to study the psychological characteristics of football, rugby and basketball young players, and deter­mine if there are psychological differences between them regarding the sport they practice. The participants were 149 male athletes. 36 were soccer players, 70 basketball players and 43 rugby players, with a mean age of 15.99 ± 1.47. The Psychological Characteristics related to Sports Performance Questionnaire (CPRD) was used. Results indicate that all players have a similar trend in their scores, although basketball players are the ones who score lower. Footballers score higher in stress con­trol, motivation and team cohesion, while rugby players do so in influencing performance assessment and mental ability. In general, athletes shown a good ability to con­trol their stress; to adequately manage the external eval­uation made upon their performance, as well as a good level of motivation towards the practice of the sport. However, the data show that there is still room for im­provement that justifies the implementation of adequate training programs.
Deporte, rendimiento y salud: una aproximación desde la psicología. Contribución de los autores españoles en Web of Science
Authors: Olmedilla Aurelio , Ortega Enrique 
Published: August 2017

Resumen La trayectoria de la Psicología del Deporte en España no ha sido fácil, pero el buen trabajo de profesionales e investigadores ha hecho que, en los últimos años, la psicología del deporte se sitúe, por derecho propio, entre las distintas especialidades de la práctica psicológica, y sea reconocida por el COP creando una división específica de la misma en el año 2012. Se ha realizado un estudio bibliométrico cuyo objetivo ha sido determinar cuál es la situación actual de los autores españoles en este ámbito de estudio. Se ha realizado una búsqueda en la base de datos Web of Science utilizando “psycholog*”, “sport”, “physic* activi*” y “Spain”, como descriptores. El número de contribuciones totales de los autores españoles ha sido de 701, de las que 605 son artículos. Hay 500 instituciones representadas por los firmantes, destacando la Universidad de Murcia con 74. Respecto a las revistas en las que se han publicado las contribuciones de los autores españoles, destaca la Revista de Psicología del Deporte/Journal Sport of Psychology con 103 publicaciones a mucha distancia del resto. Si se atiende a la evolución de las publicaciones, desde 1992 hasta 2008, la media de publicaciones al año fue de tres; de 2008 hasta 2013, una media de 30; y desde 2014, una media de más de 90 publicaciones al año, lo que confirma un desarrollo muy importante de la visibilidad de los autores españoles.AbstractThe trajectory of Sports Psychology in Spain has not been easy, but the good work of professionals and researchers has meant that, in recent years, the psychology of sport is, in its own right, among the different specialties of psychological practice , And be recognized by the COP by creating a specific division of the same in 2012. A bibliometric study has been carried out to determine the current situation of Spanish authors in this area of study. A search was made in the Web of Science database using "psycholog *", "sport", "physic * activi *" and "Spain", as descriptors. The total number of contributions by Spanish authors has been 701, of which 605 are articles. There are 500 institutions represented by the signatories, highlighting the University of Murcia with 74. Regarding the journals in which the contributions of the Spanish authors have been published, the Revista de Psicología del Deporte / Journal Sport of Psychology stands out with 103 publications to a great extent Distance from the rest. If we look at the evolution of publications, from 1992 to 2008, the average number of publications per year was three; From 2008 to 2013, an average of 30; And since 2014, an average of more than 90 publications a year, confirming a very important development of the visibility of Spanish authors.
Entrenamiento psicológico para la mejora del autocontrol en un entrenador de fútbol.
Authors: García-Naveira Alejo 
Published: August 2017

ResumenEl objetivo del presente estudio fue desarrollar un programa de entrenamiento psicológico para mejorar el autocontrol de un entrenador de fútbol, y favorecer la mejora del rendimiento y la salud psicológica. Se realizó una evaluación pre y post intervención, en el cual se midieron variables psicológicas y conductas del entrenador. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el NEO-FFI, CPRD-EF, GHQ-12 y CBAS. En el estudio participó un entrenador de fútbol de 37 años de edad con 17 años de experiencia en la profesión. Tras la intervención, los datos indican una reducción del rasgo Neuroticismo del NEO-FFI y la percepción de distrés psicológico del GHQ-12, mientras mejora la Influencia de la Evaluación y el Control del Estrés del CPRD-EF. Además, aumentan las conductas de apoyo y se reducen las punitivas del CBAS. Se concluye que el entrenamiento individualizado para la mejora del autocontrol del entrenador resulta efectivo, tanto para el incremento del rendimiento como la percepción de la salud psicológica del mismo. AbstractThe objective of the present study was to develop a psy­chological training program to improve the self-control of a soccer coach, and to improve performance and psy­chological health. A pre-and post intervention evaluation was carried out, in which psychological variables and trainer behaviors were measured. The instruments used were NEO-FFI, CPRD-EF, GHQ-12 and CBAS. The study involved a 37-year-old soccer coach with 17 years of experience in the profession. After the intervention, the data indicate a reduction of the NEO-FFI Neuroti­cism trait and the perception of psychological distress of GHQ-12, while improving the Influence of Evaluation and Stress Management of CPRD-EF. In addition, sup­port behaviors increase and CBAS punishments are re­duced. It is concluded that the individualized training to improve the coach's self-control is effective, both for the increase of performance and the perception of the psy­chological health of the same.
La toma de decisiones en baloncesto. Una propuesta de árboles decisionales para la enseñanza del bloqueo directo
Authors: Suárez-Cadenas Ernesto , Courel-Ibáñez Javier , Cárdenas-Vélez David 
Published: August 2017

ResumenEl presente artículo tiene por objetivo clarificar conceptos relacionados con la toma de decisiones en el deporte y proponer su aplicación para la enseñanza-aprendizaje del bloqueo directo (BD) en baloncesto. Se realiza un repaso histórico hasta llegar a las teorías modernas de mayor vigencia en el ámbito deportivo. De la misma forma, se analiza el estado del arte actual de la enseñanza y aprendizaje de la toma de decisiones, mostrando las distintas ventajas e inconvenientes del uso de las estrategias de enseñanza intencional e incidental. Posteriormente, a partir de los conceptos revisados (reglas si-entonces y las distintas estrategias de enseñanza incidental e intencional), se establece una propuesta de entrenamiento del BD en baloncesto. A través de distintos árboles decisionales y de propuestas de tareas específicas se ha intentado resolver el problema de cómo potenciar la toma de decisiones de los jugadores durante el BD atendiendo a la lógica interna y a los principios del juego, pero intentando, a la vez, que los jugadores desarrollen una toma de decisiones propia, única e individual. AbstractThe present paper aimed to clarify concepts related to decision-making in sport and to apply them to the teaching-learning process of the pick and roll in basket­ball. An historical analysis was developed and it was ex­amined the state of the art of the decision-making teach­ing and learning, showing advantages and disadvantages of incidental and intentional teaching strategies. Later, concepts reviewed (if-then rules and incidental and in­tentional teaching strategies) were applied to a proposal for teaching pick and roll. Through different decisional trees and specific training tasks this proposal tries to po­tentiate the players’ decision according to the logical of the game, and at the same time, to promote a unique and individual decision-making.
Climas motivacionales, motivación autodeterminada, afectos y burnout en deportistas: enfoque multinivel
Authors: Barbosa-Luna Adrián E. , Tristán José L. , Tomás Inés , González Alejandra , López-Walle Jeanette M. 
Published: August 2017

ResumenEste estudio tuvo como objetivo poner a prueba un mo­delo de mediación multinivel que examinó las relaciones entre la percepción del clima motivacional generado por los entrenadores a nivel de equipo y los afectos y el burnout a nivel individual, mediados por la motivación autodeterminada. Participaron 745 atletas universitarios de diversos deportes, con edades entre 17 a 28 años (M = 21.46, DT = 2.14) quienes completaron los instrumentos que evaluaban las variables del estudio (PMCSQ-2, SMS-II, PANAS y ABQ). Los resultados mostraron que a nivel individual (nivel intra), la motivación autodeterminada se relacionaba positivamente con el afecto positivo; por el contrario, se relacionaba negativamente con el afecto ne­gativo y las tres dimensiones de burnout. A nivel del equipo (nivel entre), la percepción del clima de implica­ción en la tarea se relacionaba positivamente con la mo­tivación autodeterminada, mientras que el clima de im­plicación en el ego se relacionaba negativamente con la motivación autodeterminada. De manera similar, la mo­tivación autodeterminada se relacionaba positivamente con el afecto positivo y negativamente el afecto nega­tivo, así como con las tres dimensiones del burnout. Tanto el clima de implicación en la tarea como el de im­plicación en el ego mostraron un efecto indirecto sobre el bienestar y el malestar a través de la motivación autode­terminada. Se sugiere a los entrenadores generar un clima de implicación en la tarea para potenciar el bie­nestar de los deportistas. AbstractThis study aimed to test a multilevel mediation model that examined the relationship between the per­ceived motivational climate created by coaches at team level and the affects and burnout at individual level, as me­diated by the self-determined motivation. Participants were 745 college athletes from various sports, aged 17 to 28 years old (M = 21.46, DT = 2.14) who completed the instruments that evaluated the study variables (PMCSQ-2, SMS-II, PANAS, and ABQ). The results showed that at the within-team level, self-determined motivation was positively related to positive affect; on the contrary, was negatively related to negative affect and three dimen­sions of burnout. At the between-team level, the percep­tion of the task-involving climate was positively related to self-determined motivation, while the ego-involving climate was negatively related to self-determined moti­vation. Similarly, self-determined motivation was positi­vely related to positive affect and negatively negative af­fect, as well as to the three dimensions of burnout. Both the task-involving climate and ego-involving climates showed an indirect effect on well-being and discomfort through self-determined motivation. It is suggested that coaches generate a task-involving climate to promote the well-being of athletes.