bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fructose: Toxic effect on cardiorenal risk factors and redox state
Authors: Francisqueti Fabiane V , Santos Klinsmann C , Ferron Artur JT , Lo Angelo TC , Minatel Igor O , Campos Dijon HS , Ferreira Ana Lucia A , Corrêa Camila R 
Published: March 2017

Aim: To investigate the effects of fructose consumption on the antioxidant capacity in heart and kidney, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and evaluation of these variables after its removal. Methods: Male Wistar rats (n = 36) were divided into control group (n = 12): standard chow + water or F group: standard chow + fructose in drinking water (30%) for 15 weeks. After, F group was divided to continue receiving standard chow + fructose in drinking water (30%) (n = 12) or standard chow + water (Ex group, n = 12) for 9 weeks. Water, chow and caloric diaries intake, final body weight, adiposity index, plasma glucose and triacylglycerol, systolic blood pressure, and cardiac and renal hydrophilic antioxidant capacity were analyzed. Results: Control and Ex groups consumed less chow and water compared to F group. Caloric intake was higher in control group. There was no difference in final body weight and adiposity index. Systolic blood pressure and cardiac and renal hydrophilic antioxidant capacity were worst in F group. Conclusion: Prolonged exposure to fructose induces oxidative stress, systolic blood pressure, and increase in triacylglycerol. When stopped fructose consumption, Ex group presented improvement in these variables, suggesting the toxicity effect of fructose when consumed in high amounts and prolonged exposure.
Management of upper ureteral stones exceeding 15 mm in diameter: Shock wave lithotripsy versus semirigid ureteroscopy with holmium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser lithotripsy
Authors: Aboutaleb Hamdy , Omar Mohamed , Salem Shady , Elshazly Mohamed 
Published: March 2017

Objectives: We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy and outcome of shock wave lithotripsy versus semirigid ureteroscopy in the management of the proximal ureteral stones of diameter exceeding 15 mm. Methods: During the 2009−2014 study period, 147 patients presenting with the proximal ureteral stones exceeding 15 mm in diameter were treated. Both shock wave lithotripsy and ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy were offered for our patients. A 6/8.9 Fr semirigid ureteroscope was used in conjunction with a holmium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser. The stone-free rate was assessed at 2 weeks and 3 months post-treatment. All patients were evaluated for stone-free status, operation time, hospital stay, perioperative complications, and auxiliary procedures. Results: Of the 147 patients who took part in this study, 66 (45%) had undergone shock wave lithotripsy and 81 (55%) underwent ureteroscopy. At the 3-month follow-up, the overall stone-free rate in the shock wave lithotripsy group was 39/66 (59%) compared to 70/81 (86.4%) in the ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy group. Ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy achieved a highly significant stone-free rate ( p = 0.0002), and the mean operative time, auxiliary procedures, and postoperative complication rates were comparable between the two groups. Conclusion: In terms of the management of proximal ureteral stones exceeding 15 mm in diameter, ureteroscopy achieved a greater stone-free rate and is considered the first-line of management. Shock wave lithotripsy achieved lower stone-free rate, and it could be used in selected cases.
A comparison of published multidimensional indices to predict outcome in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Sharp Charles , Adamali Huzaifa I. , Millar Ann B. 
Published: March 2017

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has an unpredictable course and prognostic factors are incompletely understood. We aimed to identify prognostic factors, including multidimensional indices from a significant IPF cohort at the Bristol Interstitial Lung Disease Centre in the UK.Patients diagnosed with IPF between 2007 and 2014 were identified. Longitudinal pulmonary physiology and exercise testing results were collated, with all-cause mortality used as the primary outcome. Factors influencing overall, 12- and 24-month survival were identified using Cox proportional hazards modelling and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.We found in this real-world cohort of 167 patients, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and initiation of long-term oxygen were independent markers of poor prognosis. Exercise testing results predicted 12-month mortality as well asDLCO, but did not perform as well for overall survival. The Composite Physiological Index was the best performing multidimensional index, but did not outperformDLCO. Our data confirmed that patients who experienced a fall in forced vital capacity (FVC) >10% had significantly worse survival after that point (p=0.024).Our data from longitudinal follow-up in IPF show thatDLCOis the best individual prognostic marker, outperforming FVC. Exercise testing is important in predicting early poor outcome. Regular and complete review should be conducted to ensure appropriate care is delivered in a timely fashion.
Increased incidence of adult pneumococcal pneumonia during school holiday periods
Authors: Daniel Priya , Rodrigo Chamira , Bewick Thomas , Sheppard Carmen , Greenwood Sonia , McKeever Tricia M. , Slack Mary , Lim Wei Shen 
Published: March 2017

Child contact is a recognised risk factor for adult pneumococcal disease. Peaks in invasive pneumococcal disease incidence observed during winter holidays may be related to changes in social dynamics. This analysis was conducted to examine adult pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) incidence during school holiday periods.Between September 2008 and 2013, consecutive adults admitted to hospitals covering the Greater Nottingham area with a diagnosis of CAP were studied. Pneumococcal pneumonia was detected using culture and antigen detection methods.Of 2221 adults studied, 575 (25.9%) were admitted during school holidays and 643 (29.0%) had pneumococcal CAP. CAP of pneumococcal aetiology was significantly more likely in adults admitted during school holidays compared to term time (35.3%versus26.7%; adjusted OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.11–1.72, p=0.004). Over the 5-year period, the age-adjusted incidence of hospitalised pneumococcal CAP was higher during school holidays compared to term time (incident rate ratio 1.35, 95% CI 1.14–1.60, p<0.001); there was no difference in rates of all-cause CAP or non-pneumococcal CAP. Reported child contact was higher in individuals with pneumococcal CAP admitted during school holidays compared to term time (42.0%versus33.7%, OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.00–2.03, p=0.046).Further study of transmission dynamics in relation to these findings and to identify appropriate intervention strategies is warranted.
Deep residual coalesced convolutional network for efficient semantic road segmentation
Authors: Ardiyanto Igi , Adji Teguh Bharata 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This paper proposes a deep learning-based efficient and compact solution for road scene segmentation problem, named deep residual coalesced convolutional network (RCC-Net). Initially, the RCC-Net performs dimensionality reduction to compress and extract relevant features, from which it is subsequently delivered to the encoder. The encoder adopts the residual network style for efficient model size. In the core of each residual network, three different convolutional layers are simultaneously coalesced for obtaining broader information. The decoder is then altered to upsample the encoder for pixel-wise mapping from the input images to the segmented output. Experimental results reveal the efficacy of the proposed network over the state-of-the-art methods and its capability to be deployed in an average system.
NOX2-dependent immunosuppression in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Aurelius Johan , Hallner Alexander , Werlenius Olle , Riise Rebecca , Moüllgård Lars , Brune Mats , Hansson Markus , Martner Anna , Thorén Fredrik B , Hellstrand Kristoffer 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic neoplasm with few treatment options and dismal prognosis. The role of natural killer (NK) cells and other antileukemic lymphocytes in CMML is largely unknown. We aimed to provide insight into the mechanisms of immune evasion in CMML with a focus on immunosuppressive reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed by the myeloid cell NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2). The dominant population of primary human CMML cells was found to express membrane-bound NOX2 and to release ROS, which, in turn, triggered extensive PARP-1–dependent cell death in cocultured NK cells, CD8+ T effector memory cells, and CD8+ T effector cells. Inhibitors of ROS formation and scavengers of extracellular ROS prevented CMML cell-induced lymphocyte death and facilitated NK cell degranulation toward Ab-coated, primary CMML cells. In patients with CMML, elevation of immature cell counts (CD34+) in blood was associated with reduced expression of several NK cell-activating receptors. We propose that CMML cells may use extracellular ROS as a targetable mechanism of immune escape.
Nonlinear inversion of isostatic residual gravity data from Montage Basin, northern Gulf of California
Authors: García-Abdeslem Juan 
Published: March 2017

The flexural isostatic response to surface loads is used to estimate the crustal thickness in northwestern Mexico and Southwestern USA. This estimate is used to compute an isostatic regional gravity, which, subtracted from Bouguer gravity anomalies, led to the isostatic residual gravity anomaly at Montage Basin. This basin is located between the southern portion of the Mexicali Valley and the northern Gulf of California, it roughly has an extension of [Formula: see text] wide, and it shows a gravity minimum reaching approximately [Formula: see text]. Montage Basin is within the extensional province of the Gulf of California, where rifting is currently an ongoing geologic process, and deep exploratory wells drilled by Petróleos Mexicanos have shown that the basin accommodates thick sedimentary sequences greater than 5 km. The interpretation of the isostatic residual gravity anomaly is considered as a nonlinear inverse problem, constrained using density as a function of depth derived from Gardner’s equation applied to dual time [Formula: see text]-logs, assuming isostatic equilibrium and considering the basin as a subsurface load that is compensated at depth by a mass of unknown shape and density. The outcome of the inverse problem suggests that Montage Basin accommodates as much as 7.5 km thick sedimentary sequences and a compensating mass at a minimum depth of 13 km.
Randomized Trial of a Hypofractionated Radiation Regimen for the Treatment of Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Catton Charles N. , Lukka Himu , Gu Chu-Shu , Martin Jarad M. , Supiot Stéphane , Chung Peter W.M. , Bauman Glenn S. , Bahary Jean-Paul , Ahmed Shahida , Cheung Patrick , Tai Keen Hun , Wu Jackson S. , Parliament Matthew B. , Tsakiridis Theodoros , Corbett Tom B. , Tang Colin , Dayes Ian S. , Warde Padraig , Craig Tim K. , Julian Jim A. , Levine Mark N. 
Published: March 2017

PurposeMen with localized prostate cancer often are treated with external radiotherapy (RT) over 8 to 9 weeks. Hypofractionated RT is given over a shorter time with larger doses per treatment than standard RT. We hypothesized that hypofractionation versus conventional fractionation is similar in efficacy without increased toxicity.Patients and MethodsWe conducted a multicenter randomized noninferiority trial in intermediate-risk prostate cancer (T1 to 2a, Gleason score ≤ 6, and prostate-specific antigen [PSA] 10.1 to 20 ng/mL; T2b to 2c, Gleason ≤ 6, and PSA ≤ 20 ng/mL; or T1 to 2, Gleason = 7, and PSA ≤ 20 ng/mL). Patients were allocated to conventional RT of 78 Gy in 39 fractions over 8 weeks or to hypofractionated RT of 60 Gy in 20 fractions over 4 weeks. Androgen deprivation was not permitted with therapy. The primary outcome was biochemical-clinical failure (BCF) defined by any of the following: PSA failure (nadir + 2), hormonal intervention, clinical local or distant failure, or death as a result of prostate cancer. The noninferiority margin was 7.5% (hazard ratio, < 1.32).ResultsMedian follow-up was 6.0 years. One hundred nine of 608 patients in the hypofractionated arm versus 117 of 598 in the standard arm experienced BCF. Most of the events were PSA failures. The 5-year BCF disease-free survival was 85% in both arms (hazard ratio [short v standard], 0.96; 90% CI, 0.77 to 1.2). Ten deaths as a result of prostate cancer occurred in the short arm and 12 in the standard arm. No significant differences were detected between arms for grade ≥ 3 late genitourinary and GI toxicity.ConclusionThe hypofractionated RT regimen used in this trial was not inferior to conventional RT and was not associated with increased late toxicity. Hypofractionated RT is more convenient for patients and should be considered for intermediate-risk prostate cancer.
The Achilles tendon is mechanosensitive in older adults: adaptations following 14 weeks versus 1.5 years of cyclic strain exercise
Authors: Epro Gaspar , Mierau Andreas , Doerner Jonas , Luetkens Julian A. , Scheef Lukas , Kukuk Guido M. , Boecker Henning , Maganaris Constantinos N. , Brüggemann Gert-Peter , Karamanidis Kiros 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
The aging musculoskeletal system experiences a general decline in structure and function, characterized by a reduced adaptability to environmental stress. We investigated whether the older human Achilles tendon (AT) demonstrates mechanosensitivity (via biomechanical and morphological adaptations) in response to long-term mechanical loading. Thirty-four female adults (60–75 years) were allocated to either a medium-term (14 weeks; N=21) high AT strain cyclic loading exercise intervention or a control group (N=13), with 12 participants continuing with the intervention for 1.5 years. AT biomechanical properties were assessed using ultrasonography and dynamometry. Tendon cross-sectional area (CSA) was investigated by means of magnetic resonance imaging. A 22% exercise-related increment in ankle plantarflexion joint moment, along with increased AT stiffness (598.2±141.2 versus 488.4±136.9 N mm−1 at baseline), Young's modulus (1.63±0.46 versus 1.37±0.39 GPa at baseline) and about 6% hypertrophy along the entire free AT were identified after 14 weeks of strength training, with no further improvement after 1.5 years of intervention. The aging AT appears to be capable of increasing its stiffness in response to 14 weeks of mechanical loading exercise by changing both its material and dimensional properties. Continuing exercise seems to maintain, but not cause further adaptive changes in tendons, suggesting that the adaptive time–response relationship of aging tendons subjected to mechanical loading is nonlinear.
Selective attention in peacocks during assessment of rival males
Authors: Yorzinski Jessica L. , Patricelli Gail L. , Bykau Siarhei , Platt Michael L. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTMales in many species compete intensely for access to females. In order to minimize costly interactions, they can assess their rivals’ competitive abilities by evaluating traits and behaviors. We know little about how males selectively direct their attention to make these assessments. Using Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) as a model system, we examined how males visually assess their competitors by continuously tracking the gaze of freely moving peacocks during the mating season. When assessing rivals, peacocks selectively gazed toward the lower display regions of their rivals, including the lower eyespot and fishtail feathers, dense feathers, body and wings. Their attention was modified based on the rivals’ behavior such that they spent more time looking at rivals when rivals were shaking their wings and moving. The results indicate that peacocks selectively allocate their attention during rival assessment. The gaze patterns of males assessing rivals were largely similar to those of females evaluating mates, suggesting that some male traits serve a dual function in both intra- and intersexual selection. However, males spent more time than females looking at the upper eyespots and this could indicate that the upper eyespots function more in close-up rival assessment than mate choice.
Respiratory mechanics of eleven avian species resident at high and low altitude
Authors: York Julia M. , Chua Beverly A. , Ivy Catherine M. , Alza Luis , Cheek Rebecca , Scott Graham R. , McCracken Kevin G. , Frappell Peter B. , Dawson Neal J. , Laguë Sabine L. , Milsom William K. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
The metabolic cost of breathing at rest has never been successfully measured in birds, but has been hypothesized to be higher than in mammals of a similar size because of the rocking motion of the avian sternum being encumbered by the pectoral flight muscles. To measure the cost and work of breathing, and to investigate whether species resident at high altitude exhibit morphological or mechanical changes that alter the work of breathing, we studied 11 species of waterfowl: five from high altitudes (&gt;3000 m) in Perú, and six from low altitudes in Oregon, USA. Birds were anesthetized and mechanically ventilated in sternal recumbency with known tidal volumes and breathing frequencies. The work done by the ventilator was measured, and these values were applied to the combinations of tidal volumes and breathing frequencies used by the birds to breathe at rest. We found the respiratory system of high-altitude species to be of a similar size, but consistently more compliant than that of low-altitude sister taxa, although this did not translate to a significantly reduced work of breathing. The metabolic cost of breathing was estimated to be between 1 and 3% of basal metabolic rate, as low or lower than estimates for other groups of tetrapods.
Concentration-Dependent Fluorescence Color Tuning of the Difluoroboron Avobenzone Complex in Polymer Films
Authors: Ito Fuyuki , Kikuchi Chika 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We have investigated concentration-dependent fluorescence color tuning of BF2AVB in a poly(methyl methacrylate) film. BF2AVB exhibits a color change from purple-blue to orange via green, and then crystals segregate from the polymer matrix. We analyzed the fluorescence and fluorescence excitation spectral change as a function of the BF2AVB concentration in the film. We also obtained fluorescence microscope images to confirm the miscibility and crystallization properties in the films. This originates from the aggregated state formed in the polymer matrix depending on the stacking structure of the parallel (B-phase), antiparallel (G-phase), and amorphous states. The emissive species change with increasing BF2AVB concentration. The polymer matrix isolation method enables not only directly visualization of the dynamics of the crystal formation process and Ostwald’s rule of stages by fluorescence changes, but it also enables device fabrication, such as fabrication of organic light-emitting diodes and luminescent solar concentrators.
pH-Responsive Cotton Effects in the d–d Transition Band of Self-Assembling Copper(II) Complexes with a Cholesteryl-Armed Ligand
Authors: Sagami Takuya , Umemoto Shota , Tahara Yuhei O , Miyata Makoto , Yonamine Yusuke , Ishikawa Daisuke , Mori Taizo , Ariga Katsuhiko , Miyake Hiroyuki , Shinoda Satoshi 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
New amphiphilic transition metal complexes with helical structures self-assembled to form disk-like units in 20 wt % EtOH/water. d–d transition bands in the visible-near IR region were used to probe conformational changes during the assembly process. Self-assembly resulted in dynamic conformational changes and considerable enhancement of circular dichroism (CD) in the d–d transition bands due to steric interaction among neighboring complexes. A copper(II) complex showed the most dramatic CD changes upon self-assembly, including sign inversion of the CD signal. The self-assembled Cu(II) complexes also showed pH-responsive Cotton effects between pH 6 and pH 7 due to deprotonation. The Cotton effects of the Cu(II) complex could be finely tuned by varying the pH and ethanol content of the aqueous solvent.
‘I wonder who chose the colour scheme, it’s very nice...’: Mike Coles, Malicious Damage and Forty Years in the Wilderness
Authors: Bestley Russ 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
A broad range of radical, new art and design approaches came about during the punk and post-punk boom of the late 1970s and early 1980s, though as is the nature of the profession, the graphic designer’s anonymity often kept them out of the limelight and away from wider public acknowledgement or recognition. In an age of ‘anyone can do it’, punk inspired not just musicians, but also artists, designers, filmmakers, photographers, writers and a whole array of new creatives. Some simply took the opportunity to make something immediate and of the moment, without the need for any kind of formal education, training and guidance, while others found their way into a new career as a result. A colossal new book by Mike Coles, Forty Years in the Wilderness: A Graphic Voyage of Art, Design & Stubborn Independence, charts a pictorial history of the designer’s work under the Malicious Damage banner, from early record sleeves, posters and flyers promoting Killing Joke alongside label-mates Ski Patrol and Red Beat, to the ambient house experimentation of The Orb, and more recent music graphics for Shriekback, Headcount and Vertical Smile. Part autobiography, part personal reflection, part celebration, this publication may lead to a critical reappraisal of the designer’s work alongside more widely acknowledged contemporaries, though such considerations are far from being a driving force for the project, and the title ironically sums up Coles’ attitude towards independent and autonomous production.
Book Reviews
Authors: Bestley Russ , Worley Matthew , Dale Pete 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
PRODUCT 45: AUSTRALIAN PUNK/POST-PUNK RECORD COVERS, MURRAY BENNETT (2016) Sydney: Inner City Sound, 360pp., ISBN: 0994360207, h/bk, AU$120.00
ACTION TIME VISION: PUNK AND POST-PUNK 7” RECORD SLEEVES, TONY BROOK AND ADRIAN SHAUGHNESSY (EDS) (2016) London: Unit Editions, 320 pp., ISBN: 0993231667, p/bk, £35.00
POST-PUNK, POLITICS AND PLEASURE IN BRITAIN, DAVID WILKINSON (2016) London: Palgrave, 228pp., ISBN: 1137497802, h/bk, £66.99
The end of a myth
Authors: Zamanian Erfan , Binnig Carsten , Harris Tim , Kraska Tim 
Published: March 2017

The common wisdom is that distributed transactions do not scale. But what if distributed transactions could be made scalable using the next generation of networks and a redesign of distributed databases? There would no longer be a need for developers to worry about co-partitioning schemes to achieve decent performance. Application development would become easier as data placement would no longer determine how scalable an application is. Hardware provisioning would be simplified as the system administrator can expect a linear scale-out when adding more machines rather than some complex sub-linear function, which is highly application specific.
In this paper, we present the design of our novel scalable database system NAM-DB and show that distributed transactions with the very common Snapshot Isolation guarantee can indeed scale using the next generation of RDMA-enabled network technology without any inherent bottlenecks. Our experiments with the TPC-C benchmark show that our system scales linearly to over 6.5 million new-order (14.5 million total) distributed transactions per second on 56 machines.