bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meeting Students’ Expectations in an Arab ICLHE/EMI Context: Implications for ELT Education Policy and Practice
Authors: Al-Issa Ali S.M. 
Published: November 2016

Students’ expectations have seldom received any attention in English Language Teaching (ELT) education research in the Arab World in general and in Integrated Content and Language in Higher Education (ICLHE)/English Medium Instruction (EMI) English for Academic Purposes (EAP) in particular, despite their importance for policy and practice. This mixed-method study investigates the expectations of 50 students attending an ICLHE/EMI EAP course at College of Law, Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) in the Sultanate of Oman. The results have shown that the students had course materials and content and course pedagogy and design implementation expectations. The results have further revealed that the teacher played a key role in meeting his students’ expectations through his effective teaching. The findings have important implications for ICLHE/EMI policy implementation in other similar local, regional and global contexts. Keywords: Students’ expectations; English Language for Law (1); Integrated Content and Language in Higher Education/English Medium Instruction; English Language Teaching; College of Law
Evaluating Lexical Cohesion in Nigerian Newspaper Genres: Focus on the Editorials
Authors: Malah Zubairu , Tan Helen , Md Rashid Sabariah 
Published: November 2016

Applied linguists paying scholarly attention to newspaper genres have often argued that findings emerging from such studies would be of pedagogical significance because most of the newspaper genres share certain conventional features with school genres. Similarly, this study explored lexical cohesion in newspaper editorials, and it is understood that the findings could help learners in handling persuasive writings. The study sought to identify the dominant sources of lexical cohesion in the editorials, and also to examine how lexical cohesion is utilized to achieve coherence in the editorials. Drawing on Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), the study applied Eggins’ (2004) model of lexical cohesion and analyzed 30 editorial texts of 20, 354 words drawn from three major Nigerian newspapers: The Guardian, The Nation, and Vanguard. The analysis revealed 2, 685 ties across 849 sentences. The data demonstrated that the major types of lexical cohesion in the editorials include: repetition (49.5%), expectancy relations (15. 8%), class/sub-class (11%), and synonymy (10.8%). It was further revealed that lexical cohesion devices, which formed into chains (586) and isolated ties (837), were utilized in building coherence in the editorial texts. It was finally shown how findings of the study could be beneficial in ESP, EAP, and EGP learning, especially in persuasive writings. Keywords: Editorials, Lexical cohesion, Newspaper Genres, Nigerian Newspapers, School Genres
Computer-assisted Language Learning for the Development of Listening Skills: A Case Study of Pre-university Russian as a Foreign Language
Authors: Lebedeva Maria Yu. , Koltakova E.V. , Khaleeva Olga N. , Rusetskaya M.N. 
Published: November 2016

The research explores the effectiveness of using computer-assisted language learning (CALL) approach for the development of non-reciprocal listening skills in the context of studying Russian as a foreign language (RFL). Despite the fact that the influence of CALL on the development of listening skills has been well studied based on a case study of teaching other languages (especially English), a similar study in the context of teaching the Russian language is performed for the first time. The RFL students (N=68) and teachers (N=7) of the Preparatory Department in Russian took part in the intervention study. The students were divided into experimental and control groups. The research was conducted based on both qualitative and quantitative methods. The researchers focused the attention on two kinds of listening: listening for general information and selective listening. As the listening competence, and especially academic listening proficiency, is critically important for the students of the preparatory department, he researchers’ target was to research ways of improving listening abilities with different approaches of using CALL. The testing and assessment materials were developed and the statistics was collected for each kind of listening. In addition, the students of the experimental group were surveyed to identify their experiences from using CALL in the classroom. The research findings allowed concluding about the effectiveness of CALL application for developing listening for the detail skills, whereas in the general listening no significant effect was found. In addition, the study revealed specific complexities in the application of CALL in teaching listening in Russian.Keywords: computer-assisted language learning, web-based instruction, listening comprehension, blended learning, Russian as a foreign language
Grammar and Gender: A Comparative Study of the Integration and Organisation of Meanings in Selected Male and Female-authored Proseworks
Authors: Najeem Dahunsi Toyese 
Published: November 2016

Studies have established gender-based variations in human’s use of language, particularly in the areas of grammar and lexis. This study investigated language use in prose-works involving male and female writers, aimed at finding out whether there were grammar related variations in the use of language by the selected male and female writers. The framework adopted for analysis was the Hallidayan notion of Clause Complexes and Embedded Clauses and how writers made conscious choices from the grammar of logical meaning in their different narratives. Five male-authored and five female-authored prose-works were selected for the study. A part of each prose-work containing fifty (50) consecutive sentences was randomly excised and analysed into clause simplexes, clause complexes and embedded clauses, and the frequencies of these clause types were determined. The result clearly showed that the male authors had higher frequencies of clause complexes than simplexes; whereas the female writers had lower frequencies of complexes but higher frequencies of simplexes. It also showed higher frequencies of embedded clauses in male-authored texts than in female-authored ones. The results therefore suggested that narratives of male writers tend to be more syntactically complex (because of higher frequencies of clustered clauses and varying functional and semantic relationships among component clauses) and semantically complex (because of a much tighter integration of meanings through clause clustering and embedding). The narratives of female writers, on the other hand, tend to be syntactically and semantically simple (with higher use of simplexes, but less use of complexes and embedded clauses).Keywords: Grammar, gender, clause complexes, clause simplexes, embedded clauses.
Cosmic Mysticism: Quest for the Absolute in the Works of Tagore and Sri Aurobindo
Authors: Samantaray Swati 
Published: November 2016

Cosmic mysticism is an immediate experience of oneness with God by means of ecstatic and wordless contemplation. The Indian Renaissance poets Rabindranath Tagore and Sri Aurobindo are spiritual humanists who believe that the entire creation is pervaded by the presence of God. Their exceptional minds have an instinctive urge to synthesize and transform, transmute and transcend the aspects of reality. They regard humans as a replica of the Divine Spirit and hence they value man's ideals and aspirations. Their ways of depicting this is very different, albeit their works bear an analogous thematic purpose, which is cosmic mysticism. This paper delineates the perception of cosmic mysticism in the works of Tagore and Aurobindo. The central theme of their writings – the spiritualization of earthly life – rests on their beliefs that God exists in all of Nature and that spiritual intuition makes it possible for every individual to become conscious of their own divinity. The poets display the cosmic trinity of mind, body and soul in their works and are committed to achieving cosmic consciousness and social amelioration.Keywords: Mysticism, Divine, spirituality, nature, love, philosophy, inspiration, humanism
The Production of Yes/No Questions, Wh-Questions, and Embedded Clauses as Functional Categories at the Initial Stage of Child L2 Acquisition
Authors: Mobaraki Mohsen , Saed Amin 
Published: November 2016

This is a longitudinal case study of two Farsi-speaking children learning English: ‘Bernard’ and ‘Melissa’, who were 7;4 and 8;4 at the start of data collection. The research deals with the presence or absence of functional categories (CP),in our case Yes/no questions, Wh-questions, and embedded clauses as well as their production rate in early stages of interlanguage development of the child second language (L2) acquisition of syntax. Some studies in the field of child second language acquisition regarding the production of functional categories (CP) are discussed. Examining data collected from the children’s spontaneous speech, the researcher’s diaries and translation and other tasks over a period of 20 months, the competing claims of the two most prominent hypotheses about early L2 grammars are tested: Vainikka& Young-Scholten’s (1996) Minimal Trees/Structure Building hypothesis and Schwartz & Sprouse’s (1996). Full Transfer/Full Access hypothesis. The conclusion is reached that Yes/no questions, Wh-questions, and embedded clauses as three functional categories are absent in early stages of interlanguage development of the child L2acquisition.Keywords: Functional categories, Child L2 acquisition, Minimal Trees/Structure Building hypothesis, Full transfer/fullaccess hypothesis, Yes/no questions and Wh-questions, Embedded clauses
Peculiarities of Creating Foreign Students’ Lexical Competence
Authors: Sadenova Aigul Eskermesovna , Makanovna Yesbulatova Raushan , Orazakynkyzy Farida , Anuar Saule 
Published: November 2016

Teaching of vocabulary includes several aspects of teaching content: linguistic, methodological and psychological. Teaching of vocabulary is a process which is inextricably entwined with understanding relations between new words and phonetic and grammar aspects of the language. On the one hand, simultaneous learning of two languages complicates the tasks set to the students, but, on the other hand, it simplifies the process. The complexity is in the scope of vocabulary to be remembered, as well as in the differences between grammar structures used in Russian and Kazakh. The simplification is in the fact that students are fully aware that lexical competence is formed gradually, and that every language has its lexical base required at the initial stage, and that such base is to be developed for mastering a specific language. Before identifying the methods of vocabulary semantization in the course of teaching a language to foreign students, students shall be offered active vocabulary, used to express their ideas orally and in written form, and passive vocabulary, used to perceive oral and written information. It is not possible to teach semantics only. It is necessary to create paradigmatic, syntactic and associative relations. The formation of lexical skills is connected with the solidity of vocabulary retention. In order to ensure reinforcement of the vocabulary learnt, the students shall be offered exercises contributing to the development of their skills of using vocabulary in listening, speaking, reading and writing. All above mentioned types of vocabulary semantization constitute a unified whole. Different ways of semantization are set forth for methodological purposes, to facilitate the achievement of the desired result. Translation and non-translation techniques for vocabulary presentation, as well as some tips and exercises, are given. The use of basic vocabulary at elementary and advanced levels is suggested. Certain methods for the semantization of vocabulary units are recommended. Keywords: vocabulary, semantization, word building, translation and non-translation methods, vocabulary unit, translation and non-translation techniques
Representation of Oriental Travelees and Locus in Jurgen Wasim Frembgen’s Travelogue: The Closed Valley: With Fierce Friends in Pakistani Himalays
Authors: Gholi Ahmad 
Published: November 2016

The oft despised and ignored genre of travel writing was recognized as worthy of scholarly investigation in 1970s thanks to Edward Said’s Orientalism, the wave of deconstructionism, and postcolonialism (Calzati, 2015). For these scholars, travel writers do not present a transparent window to an alien space and its residents even though they normally claim it. For them the representation of the traveled terrain and travelees is an ideological construction which is tainted with the travel writer’s ‘habitus’ and ‘field’ and crafted through fictional devices. In this regard, by drawing on postcolonial methodology, the current study seeks to evince how Frembgen in his travelogue, The Closed Valley: With Fierce Friends in Pakistani Himalayas which narrates his voyage to Harban, a far-flung mountainous region in Pakistan Himalaya, reproduces the pitfalls of previous Western travel writers when he depicts his destination and travelees in negative terms. From his perspective, his timeless traveled locus is rife with violence, yet a space to escape from dehumanizing ambience of the West. Additionally, for him the women in this tribal region are tyrannized by husbands and victimized by Muslim extremists. Last but not least, he portrays this remote oriental space as an object of curiosity which needs to be salvaged textually. Keywords: Travel Writing, Timeless, Escape, Women, Violence, Curiosity
Aquifer permeability change caused by a near‐field earthquake, Canterbury, New Zealand
Authors: Rutter H. K. , Cox S. C. , Dudley Ward N. F. , Weir J. J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe MW 7.1 Darfield (Canterbury) earthquake, 4 September 2010, generated widespread hydrological effects in New Zealand ranging from instantaneous changes of piezometric levels, to more sustained postseismic changes in spring flow, river discharge and groundwater levels, and increased turbidity and declined yields of water abstracted from wells. Four years later, piezometric levels remained elevated in deeper (>40 m) aquifers along the north‐western (upper) side of the Canterbury Plains near the Greendale Fault, with changes in mean piezometric level reaching +13 m. Linear reservoir modeling (eigen modeling) suggests that sustained high groundwater was not the result of changes in abstraction or land surface recharge. Step‐drawdown tests at six wells within 15 km of Greendale Fault were carried out prior to the earthquake and were retested following fault rupture. Eden‐Hazel analysis of discharge/drawdown relationships discriminates potential sources of head losses, and how these changed (or otherwise) as a result of the earthquake. Objective application of Eden‐Hazel analysis provided confidence levels for the interpretation, including when step tests provide reliable/unreliable estimates of transmissivity change. Increases in both aquifer losses and well losses were observed in four wells, reflecting both a change in sediment transmissivity and decrease in well efficiency. At two locations, the data were unable to provide results that can be interpreted with confidence. As the majority of local groundwater flow occurs through high‐permeability open framework gravel lenses, we suggest that reduction in the permeability of these gravels, due to fine‐sediment incursion, is the cause of the reduction in transmissivity and increase in well losses.
Source region and growth analysis of narrowband Z‐mode emission at Saturn
Authors: Menietti J. D. , Yoon P. H. , Písa D. , Ye S.‐Y. , Santolík O. , Arridge C. S. , Gurnett D. A. , Coates A. J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIntense Z‐mode emission is observed in the lower density region near the inner edge of the Enceladus torus at Saturn, where these waves may resonate with MeV electrons. The source mechanism of this emission, which is narrow‐banded and most intense near 5 kHz, is not well understood. We survey the Cassini Radio and Plasma Wave Science data to isolate several probable source regions near the inner edge of the Enceladus density torus. Electron phase space distributions are obtained from the Cassini Electron Spectrometer, part of the Cassini Plasma Spectrometer investigation. We perform a plasma wave growth analysis to conclude that an electron temperature anisotropy and possibly a weak loss cone can drive the Z mode as observed. Electrostatic electron acoustic waves and perhaps weak beam modes are also found to be unstable coincident with the Z mode. Quasi‐steady conditions near the Enceladus density torus may result in the observations of narrowband Z‐mode emission at Saturn.
Formation of ionospheric irregularities over Southeast Asia during the 2015 St. Patrick's Day storm
Authors: Spogli Luca , Cesaroni Claudio , Di Mauro Domenico , Pezzopane Michael , Alfonsi Lucilla , Musicò Elvira , Povero Gabriella , Pini Marco , Dovis Fabio , Romero Rodrigo , Linty Nicola , Abadi Prayitno , Nuraeni Fitri , Husin Asnawi , Le Huy Minh , Lan Tran Thi , La The Vinh , Pillat Valdir Gil , Floury Nicolas 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe investigate the geospace response to the 2015 St. Patrick's Day storm leveraging on instruments spread over Southeast Asia (SEA), covering a wide longitudinal sector of the low‐latitude ionosphere. A regional characterization of the storm is provided, identifying the peculiarities of ionospheric irregularity formation. The novelties of this work are the characterization in a broad longitudinal range and the methodology relying on the integration of data acquired by Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, magnetometers, ionosondes, and Swarm satellites. This work is a legacy of the project EquatoRial Ionosphere Characterization in Asia (ERICA). ERICA aimed to capture the features of both crests of the equatorial ionospheric anomaly (EIA) and trough (EIT) by means of a dedicated measurement campaign. The campaign lasted from March to October 2015 and was able to observe the ionospheric variability causing effects on radio systems, GNSS in particular. The multiinstrumental and multiparametric observations of the region enabled an in‐depth investigation of the response to the largest geomagnetic storm of the current solar cycle in a region scarcely reported in literature. Our work discusses the comparison between northern and southern crests of the EIA in the SEA region. The observations recorded positive and negative ionospheric storms, spread F conditions, scintillation enhancement and inhibition, and total electron content variability. The ancillary information on the local magnetic field highlights the variety of ionospheric perturbations during the different storm phases. The combined use of ionospheric bottomside, topside, and integrated information points out how the storm affects the F layer altitude and the consequent enhancement/suppression of scintillations.
Annual variations in the Martian bow shock location as observed by the Mars Express mission
Authors: Hall B. E. S. , Lester M. , Sánchez‐Cano B. , Nichols J. D. , Andrews D. J. , Edberg N. J. T. , Opgenoorth H. J. , Fränz M. , Holmström M. , Ramstad R. , Witasse O. , Cartacci M. , Cicchetti A. , Noschese R. , Orosei R. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe Martian bow shock distance has previously been shown to be anticorrelated with solar wind dynamic pressure but correlated with solar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) irradiance. Since both of these solar parameters reduce with the square of the distance from the Sun, and Mars' orbit about the Sun increases by ∼0.3 AU from perihelion to aphelion, it is not clear how the bow shock location will respond to variations in these solar parameters, if at all, throughout its orbit. In order to characterize such a response, we use more than 5 Martian years of Mars Express Analyser of Space Plasma and EneRgetic Atoms (ASPERA‐3) Electron Spectrometer measurements to automatically identify 11,861 bow shock crossings. We have discovered that the bow shock distance as a function of solar longitude has a minimum of 2.39RM around aphelion and proceeds to a maximum of 2.65RM around perihelion, presenting an overall variation of ∼11% throughout the Martian orbit. We have verified previous findings that the bow shock in southern hemisphere is on average located farther away from Mars than in the northern hemisphere. However, this hemispherical asymmetry is small (total distance variation of ∼2.4%), and the same annual variations occur irrespective of the hemisphere. We have identified that the bow shock location is more sensitive to variations in the solar EUV irradiance than to solar wind dynamic pressure variations. We have proposed possible interaction mechanisms between the solar EUV flux and Martian plasma environment that could explain this annual variation in bow shock location.
On the relationship between the Madden‐Julian Oscillation and 2 m air temperature over central Asia in boreal winter
Authors: Zhou Yang , Lu Youyu , Yang Ben , Jiang Jing , Huang Anning , Zhao Yong , La Mengke , Yang Qing 
Published: November 2016

AbstractLinear regression is used to explore the relationship between the Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO) and 2 m air temperature (T2M) over central Asia in boreal winter during 1979–2012. During MJO phases 3 and 4 (7 and 8), T2M anomalies exhibit a significantly strong, negative (positive) response to the MJO from the Arabian Sea to northwestern China. The anomalies of T2M are essentially influenced by surface net downward long (Ldown) and shortwave radiations, which are caused by the changes in total cloud cover (TCC) and low‐level tropospheric air temperature. The anomalies of Ldown that are caused by TCC account for 20–65% of total Ldown. The remaining anomalies of total Ldown are explained by low‐level air temperature changes. The 850 hPa air temperature (T850) tendency is mainly affected by the vertical motion over central Asia during MJO phases 1, 2, 4–6, and 8, as well as over northern India during phases 3 and 7. Over Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, and northwestern China, the anomalies of T850 tendency are mainly explained by the temperature advection during phases 3 and 7. TCC and vertical motion are affected by the evolution of the MJO event. The cyclonic (anticyclonic) circulation related to the MJO over central Asia during phases 3 and 4 (7 and 8) causes the transport of cold (warm) air over central Asia. The MJO can be a useful intraseasonal signal to predict winter T2M over central Asia, where temperatures would be colder (warmer) than normal during MJO phases 3 and 4 (7 and 8).