bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scaling up a chemically‐defined aggregate‐based suspension culture system for neural commitment of human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Miranda Cláudia C. , Fernandes Tiago G. , Diogo M. Margarida , Cabral Joaquim M.S. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe demand of high cell numbers for applications in cellular therapies and drug screening requires the development of scalable platforms capable to generating highly pure populations of tissue‐specific cells from human pluripotent stem cells. In this work, we describe the scaling‐up of an aggregate‐based culture system for neural induction of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) under chemically‐defined conditions. A combination of non‐enzymatic dissociation and rotary agitation was successfully used to produce homogeneous populations of hiPSC aggregates with an optimal (140 μm) and narrow distribution of diameters (coefficient of variation of 21.6%). Scalable neural commitment of hiPSCs as 3D aggregates was performed in 50 mL spinner flasks, and the process was optimized using a factorial design approach, involving parameters such as agitation rate and seeding density. We were able to produce neural progenitor cell cultures, that at the end of a 6‐day neural induction process contained less than 3% of Oct4‐positive cells and that, after replating, retained more than 60% of Pax6‐positive neural cells. The results here presented should set the stage for the future generation of a clinically relevant number of human neural progenitors for transplantation and other biomedical applications using controlled, automated and reproducible large‐scale bioreactor culture systems.
Microheterogeneity of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies is governed by changes in the surface charge of the protein
Authors: Hintersteiner Beate , Lingg Nico , Janzek Evelyne , Mutschlechner Oliver , Loibner Hans , Jungbauer Alois 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIt has previously been shown for individual antibodies, that the microheterogenity pattern can have a significant impact on various key characteristics of the product. The aim of this study to get a more generalized understanding of the importance of microheterogeneity. For that purpose, the charge variant pattern of various different commercially available therapeutic mAb products was compared using Cation‐Exchange Chromatography with linear pH gradient antigen affinity, Fc‐receptor affinity, antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and conformational stability. For three of the investigated antibodies, the basic charge variants showed a stronger binding affinity towards FcγRIIIa as well as an increased ADCC response. Differences in the conformational stability of antibody charge variants and the corresponding reference samples could not be detected by differential scanning calorimetry. The different biological properties of the mAb variants are therefore governed by changes in the surface charge of the protein and not by an altered structure. This can help to identify aspects of microheterogeneity that are critical for product quality and can lead to further improvements in the development and production of therapeutic antibody products.
Selective Double Hydrosilylation of Nitriles Catalyzed by an Iron Complex Containing Indium Trihalide
Authors: Ito Masaki , Itazaki Masumi , Nakazawa Hiroshi 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSelective double hydrosilylation was achieved by using tertiary and secondary silanes with an excess amount of an organonitrile (RC≡N; R=alkyl, aryl) in the presence of a catalytic amount of triirondodecacarbonyl [Fe3(CO)12] and indium trichloride (InCl3). This reaction was also catalyzed by an iron complex containing indium trihalide [Fe(MeCN)6][Fe(CO)4(InX3)2], prepared by the reaction of Fe3(CO)12 with InX3 (X=Cl, Br, I). This is a novel report of the combination of a transition‐metal complex and an indium source in organic synthesis.
Orthogonal Synthesis of Xeno Nucleic Acids
Authors: Fiers Guillaume , Chouikhi Dalila , Oswald Laurence , Al Ouahabi Abdelaziz , Chan‐Seng Delphine , Charles Laurence , Lutz Jean‐François 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSequence‐defined peptide triazole nucleic acids (PTzNA) were synthesized by means of a solid‐phase orthogonal “AB+CD” iterative strategy. In this approach, AB and CD building blocks containing carboxylic acid (A), azide (B), alkyne (C), and primary amine (D) functions are assembled together by successive copper‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) and acid–amine coupling steps. Different PTzNA genetic sequences were prepared using a library of eight building blocks (i.e., four AB and four CD building blocks).
Synthesis and Chiroptical Properties of Hexa‐, Octa‐, and Deca‐azaborahelicenes: Influence of Helicene Size and of the Number of Boron Atoms
Authors: Shen Chengshuo , Srebro‐Hooper Monika , Jean Marion , Vanthuyne Nicolas , Toupet Loïc , Williams J. A. Gareth , Torres Alexis R. , Riives Adrian J. , Muller Gilles , Autschbach Jochen , Crassous Jeanne 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFour members of a new class of cycloborylated hexa‐, octa‐, and deca‐helicenes (1 a–d) have been prepared in enantiopure form, along with two cycloplatinated deca‐helicenes (1 d′, 1 d1), further extending the family of cycloplatinated hexa‐ and octa‐helicenes reported previously. The azabora[n]helicenes display intense electronic circular dichroism and large optical rotations; the dependence of the optical activity on the size of the helix (n=6, 8, 10) and the number of boron atoms (1 or 2) has been examined in detail both experimentally and theoretically. The photophysical properties (nonpolarized and circularly polarized luminescence) of these new fluorescent organic helicenes have been measured and compared with the corresponding organometallic phosphorescent cycloplatinated derivatives (1 a1–d1).
Functions of corazonin and histamine in light entrainment of the circadian pacemaker in the Madeira cockroach,Rhyparobia maderae
Authors: Arendt Andreas , Baz El‐Sayed , Stengl Monika 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTThe circadian pacemaker of the Madeira cockroach,Rhyparobia(Leucophaea)maderae, is located in the accessory medulla (AME). Ipsi‐ and contralateral histaminergic compound eyes are required for photic entrainment. Light pulses delay locomotor activity rhythm during the early night and advance it during the late night. Thus, different neuronal pathways might relay either light‐dependent delays or advances to the clock. Injections of neuroactive substances combined with running‐wheel assays suggested that GABA, pigment‐dispersing factor, myoinhibitory peptides (MIPs), and orcokinins (ORCs) were part of both entrainment pathways, whereas allatotropin (AT) only delayed locomotor rhythms at the early night. To characterize photic entrainment further, histamine and corazonin were injected. Histamine injections resulted in light‐like phase delays and advances, indicating that the neurotransmitter of the compound eyes participates in both entrainment pathways. Because injections of corazonin only advanced during the late subjective night, it was hypothesized that corazonin is only part of the advance pathway. Multiple‐label immunocytochemistry in combination with neurobiotin backfills demonstrated that a single cell expressed corazonin in the optic lobes that belonged to the group of medial AME interneurons. It colocalized GABA and MIP but not AT or ORC immunoreactivity. Corazonin‐immunoreactive (‐ir) terminals overlapped with projections of putatively light‐sensitive interneurons from the ipsi‐ and contralateral compound eye. Thus, we hypothesize that the corazonin‐ir medial neuron integrates ipsi‐ and contralateral light information as part of the phase‐advancing light entrainment pathway to the circadian clock. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:1250–1272, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pharmacokinetic and Bioequivalence Studies of a Newly Developed Branded Generic of Candesartan Cilexetil Tablets in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Patel Rajesh , Palmer Jonathan L. , Joshi Shashidhar , Di Ció Gimena Alejandro , Esquivel Florencia 
Published: October 2016

AbstractTwo bioavailability/bioequivalence studies were carried out to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of candesartan cilexetil 16‐mg tablet formulations. A pilot study was used to optimize the formulation and manufacturing process prior to conducting the definitive study. The pilot study was a single‐dose, randomized, 2‐period crossover, and the definitive study was a single‐dose, randomized, 3‐period, 6‐sequence crossover study in healthy adults. In the pilot study the test formulation was 24% and 18% greater for Cmax and AUC, respectively, compared with the innovator product. Following optimization two 16‐mg candesartan cilexetil tablet formulations were taken forward into the second bioavailability study. Eighteen healthy fasted adult subjects were dosed with either the test formulations or the innovator. The pharmacokinetic parameters Cmax, AUC0–t, and AUC0–∞ of candesartan were investigated together with safety and tolerability. The geometric mean ratios (GMRs) and 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for candesartan, Cmax, AUC0–t, and AUC0–∞ were within the boundary of 0.8–1.25 for one of the test formulations (formulation 2). For test formulation 3 the 90%CI of GMR for Cmax was above (133%) the upper limit of 125% for bioequivalence. Test formulation 2 was found to be bioequivalent and met internationally acceptable regulatory requirements.
Libration of Strongly‐Oriented Polar Molecules inside a Superfluid
Authors: Redchenko E. S. , Lemeshko Mikhail 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe study a polar molecule immersed in a superfluid environment, such as a helium nanodroplet or a Bose–Einstein condensate, in the presence of a strong electrostatic field. We show that coupling of the molecular pendular motion, induced by the field, to the fluctuating bath leads to formation of pendulons—spherical harmonic librators dressed by a field of many‐particle excitations. We study the behavior of the pendulon in a broad range of molecule–bath and molecule–field interaction strengths, and reveal that its spectrum features a series of instabilities which are absent in the field‐free case of the angulon quasiparticle. Furthermore, we show that an external field allows to fine‐tune the positions of these instabilities in the molecular rotational spectrum. This opens the door to detailed experimental studies of redistribution of orbital angular momentum in many‐particle systems.
Efficient medium access protocol for Internet of things applications
Authors: Hamrioui Sofiane , Lorenz Pascal 
Published: October 2016

SummaryThe recent progresses made in microelectronics and sensor networks led to the emergence of a new family of networks called Internet of things (IoT). Several factors may degrade seriously IoT applications performance and prevent the connected objects to accomplish out their services. One factor is the inability of medium access control (MAC) protocol, namely, DCF 802.11 function, to distinguish between different sources of frame losses. To address this problem, we propose in this article an improvement called MAC protocol with distinction between data losses (MAC‐DL), which consists mainly to consider the different sources of frame losses in the functioning of the backoff algorithm. After the evaluation of MAC‐DL performance, the results showed a better performance compared with MAC protocol with the original DCF 802.11 function and to 2 other protocols proposed in the literature. Our solution improved significantly the quality of service and the energy efficient for typical IoT scenarios.
Early memories come in small packages: episodic memory in young children and adults
Authors: Tustin Karen , Hayne Harlene 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn two experiments, 3‐year‐old children were tested using an operant train procedure based on one originally developed by Carolyn Rovee‐Collier. Children's behavioral and verbal recall of the event was assessed after a 24 hr (Experiment 1) and a 1‐year delay (Experiment 2). After the 1‐year delay, their mothers’ verbal recall of the same event was also assessed. After both delays, children exhibited excellent nonverbal memory. Children also exhibited verbal, episodic memory of the same event, but their verbal reports were lean relative to those of their mothers, suggesting that the memories may be more vulnerable to forgetting over the long term. These data have important implications for memory development and childhood amnesia.
Predicting persistence of eating disorder compensatory weight control behaviors
Authors: Rohde Paul , Stice Eric , Gau Jeff M. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe study aimed to identify variables that predicted persistence versus desistence of eating disorder‐related compensatory behaviors in a high‐risk factor sample of women who reported repeated compensatory behaviors at baseline. Data came from a randomized trial evaluating two brief obesity prevention interventions for college students with weight concerns.MethodTwo hundred and sixty one young women (Mean age = 19.1, 79% European American) with weight concerns were randomly assigned to one of two brief obesity prevention interventions or educational video control. Participants were assessed at baseline, post‐intervention, 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐up by interview, survey, and physical measurements on 6 eating disorder features and 13 psychosocial variables hypothesized to predict onset or maintenance of eating pathology.ResultsApproximately half (48%) reported engaging in recurrent compensatory behaviors in the year preceding study involvement. Among this subset, 61% reported persistent compensatory behaviors over 12‐month follow‐up. Neither study condition and adjunctive treatment, nor eating disorder features predicted persistence. Persistent compensatory behavior was significantly associated with greater sociocultural pressure to be thin, impulsivity, and substance use, and lower perceived sexual attractiveness.DiscussionPerceived pressure to be thin is an established risk factor for the initiation of disorder eating behaviors but also may serve as a maintenance factor for unhealthy compensatory behaviors. Impulsivity, either as a trait factor or resulting from substance misuse may contribute to poor judgment and ongoing compensatory behaviors. Additional research on factors that predict persistence of eating disordered behaviors is needed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.(Int J Eat Disord 2017; 50:561–568)
Diversification in wild populations of the model organism Anolis carolinensis: A genome‐wide phylogeographic investigation
Authors: Manthey Joseph D. , Tollis Marc , Lemmon Alan R. , Moriarty Lemmon Emily , Boissinot Stéphane 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe green anole (Anolis carolinensis) is a lizard widespread throughout the southeastern United States and is a model organism for the study of reproductive behavior, physiology, neural biology, and genomics. Previous phylogeographic studies of A. carolinensis using mitochondrial DNA and small numbers of nuclear loci identified conflicting and poorly supported relationships among geographically structured clades; these inconsistencies preclude confident use of A. carolinensis evolutionary history in association with morphological, physiological, or reproductive biology studies among sampling localities and necessitate increased effort to resolve evolutionary relationships among natural populations. Here, we used anchored hybrid enrichment of hundreds of genetic markers across the genome of A. carolinensis and identified five strongly supported phylogeographic groups. Using multiple analyses, we produced a fully resolved species tree, investigated relative support for each lineage across all gene trees, and identified mito‐nuclear discordance when comparing our results to previous studies. We found fixed differences in only one clade—southern Florida restricted to the Everglades region—while most polymorphisms were shared between lineages. The southern Florida group likely diverged from other populations during the Pliocene, with all other diversification during the Pleistocene. Multiple lines of support, including phylogenetic relationships, a latitudinal gradient in genetic diversity, and relatively more stable long‐term population sizes in southern phylogeographic groups, indicate that diversification in A. carolinensis occurred northward from southern Florida.
Classification Method for Mild Cognitive Impairment Based on Power Variability of EEG Using Only a Few Electrodes
Authors: UEDA TAISHI , MUSHA TOSHIMITSU , ASADA TAKASHI , YAGI TOHRU 
Published: October 2016

SUMMARYPatients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy people were classified by using power variance function (PVF) of electroencephalography (EEG) recorded on only four electrodes in this study. PVF is an index of power variability of EEG proposed in a previous report. In this study, the balance of PVFs on a head of each person was analyzed. EEG signals of 25 MCI patients and those of 57 healthy people were recorded on 21 electrodes in accordance with the 10 to 20 International System while the patients were at rest with eyes closed for 5 min. After noise reduction, the balance of PVFs of the MCI patients and those of healthy people were compared. The results indicated that for MCI patients, the difference between PVFs of the frontal region and those of the occipital region was significantly smaller than that of healthy people in theta‐alpha band on four electrodes (O1, F3, Fz, and Cz as the reference). These electrodes were, therefore, selected for classification of MCI patients and healthy people. As the classification result, accuracy of 89.0%, sensitivity of 84.0%, and specificity of 91.2% were achieved.
Climate change impacts on freshwater wetland hydrology and vegetation cover cycling along a regional aridity gradient
Authors: Fay Philip A. , Guntenspergen Glenn R. , Olker Jennifer H. , Johnson W. Carter 
Published: October 2016

AbstractGlobal mean temperature may increase up to 6°C by the end of this century and together with precipitation change may steepen regional aridity gradients. The hydrology, productivity, and ecosystem services from freshwater wetlands depend on their future water balance. We simulated the hydrology and vegetation dynamics of wetland complexes in the North American Prairie Pothole Region with the WETLANDSCAPE model. Simulations for 63 precipitation × temperature combinations spanning 6°C warming and −20% to +20% annual precipitation change at 19 locations along a mid‐continental aridity gradient showed that aridity explained up to 99% of the variation in wetland stage and hydroperiod for all wetland permanence types, and in vegetation cycling for semipermanent wetlands. The magnitude and direction of hydrologic responses depended on whether climate changes increased or decreased water deficits. Warming to 6°C and 20% less precipitation increased wetland water deficits and more strongly decreased wetland stage and hydroperiod from historic levels at low aridity, especially in semipermanent wetlands, where peak vegetation cycling (Cover Cycle Index, CCI) also shifted to lower aridity. In contrast, 20% more precipitation decreased water deficits, increasing wetland stage and hydroperiod most strongly in shallow wetlands at high aridity, but filling semipermanent wetlands and reducing CCI at low aridity. All climate changes narrowed the range of aridity favorable to high productivity. Climate changes that reduce water deficits may help maintain wetlands at high aridity at the expense of those at low aridity, but with warming certain, increased deficits are more likely and will help maintain wetlands at lower aridity but exacerbate loss of wetlands at high aridity. Thus, there is likely not a universally applicable approach to mitigating climate change impacts on freshwater wetlands across regional aridity gradients. Conservation strategies need to account for aridity‐specific effects of climate change on freshwater wetland ecosystems.
The Benefits of Internationalization for State‐Owned Enterprises
Authors: Benito Gabriel R.G. , Rygh Asmund , Lunnan Randi 
Published: October 2016

Plain language summaryWe investigate whether listed state‐owned enterprises (SOEs) benefit more from internationalization than listed private enterprises. We argue that SOEs have a greater scope for benefitting from internationalization because of their previous domestic focus and because of government‐related firm‐specific advantages they can utilize for their internationalization. In listed SOEs, these factors may matter more than noneconomic objectives and corporate governance deficiencies that could reduce SOEs' economic benefits from internationalization. Empirical analysis on a sample of listed Norwegian firms provides modest support for the hypotheses. There is no indication that state ownership reduces the benefits of internationalization.Technical summaryWe consider state ownership as a moderator of the relationship between internationalization and performance in listed firms, developing theoretical arguments on the scope for benefits from internationalization, corporate governance, and government‐related firm‐specific advantages. We propose hypotheses on a positive moderation effect from state ownership overall and on more positive effects in majority state‐owned enterprises (SOEs) than in minority SOEs, on more positive effects in SOEs previously part of the government administration, and on more positive effects from market‐seeking internationalization than from efficiency or resource‐seeking internationalization. Panel data analyses considering listed Norwegian firms (2000 to 2010) provide modest support for the hypotheses. Copyright © 2016 Strategic Management Society.
Unguarded tricuspid orifice‐‐‐a rare cause of fetal right atrial dilatation with characteristic color doppler sign: Case report with review of literature
Authors: Kumar Vikraman Seneesh , Chandra Vipin , Balakrishnan Bijoy , Jaiman Sunil , Batra Meenu , Kannoly Gopinathan 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTThe anatomic causes for fetal right atrial dilatation with tricuspid regurgitation include Ebstein anomaly, tricuspid dysplasia, unguarded tricuspid orifice, and Uhl anomaly. Unguarded tricuspid orifice is characterized by complete or partial agenesis of the tricuspid valvular and subvalvular structures. It is commonly associated with pulmonary atresia. Its prenatal diagnosis is usually associated with unfavorable prognosis. We present a prenatally diagnosed case of fetal unguarded tricuspid orifice with description of its diagnostic workup, along with a review of literature, to enhance the understanding of this rarely reported entity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:370–374, 2017;
Bonded Labour or What Else? A Case Study in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Bhukuth Augendra , Ballet Jérôme , Sirven Nicolas 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDebt bondage is the focus of an international struggle for its abolition. Yet the literature finds that, in certain circumstances, the credit‐for‐work contracts behind debt bondage are mutually beneficial to both employer and employee. We take on an empirical study in south India to assess whether choosing credit, which can raise a risk of dependence on the lender and therefore a risk of debt bondage, is a choice made to prevent other forms of risk, especially financial risk and the risk of violence. We find this to be the case in our study. From a policy point of view, the abolition of debt bondage in these circumstances could drive up the very same forms of risk against which households seek to guard. In this context, providing alternatives employment solutions to rural workers is a priority. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.