bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les gastroentérites paralysantes : maladie ou syndrome
Authors: Navetat Hervé , Biron Philippe , Contrepois Michel , Rizet Claude , Valarcher Jean-François , Schelcher François , Espinasse Jacques 
Published: November 2017

Paralysing gastroenteritis : disease or syndrome ?.
Since 1986, paralysing gastroenteritis (PEG) were seen as a well defined clinical entity regarding the gastroenteritis syndrome of the new-born calf. Clinical examination shows slight diarrhoea signs, the absence of dehydratation and the presence of nervous signs amongst which paresis is the most important. Microbiological surveys have shown the particular role or E. Coli with specific pathogencity markers (CS 31A and Col V). Laboratory analysis show a metabolic blood acidosis with accumulation of D Lactate. The authors describe the various steps that help defining whether PGE are a disease or if they are part of the gastroenteritis syndrome (non dehydrated, acidosic calf).
Goat kid slaughter value and muscle quality after dietary supplementation with an alfalfa protein–xanthophyll concentrate
Authors: Szymanowska Anna , Miduch Anna , Gruszecki Tomasz Maria , Greguła-Kania Monika , Grela Eugeniusz Ryszard 
Published: November 2017

Abstract. The objective of this study was to determine the effect on goat kids of supplementation with protein–xanthophyll concentrate (PX) obtained from alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Assessments were made on carcass dressing percentage and the lipid profiles of muscle tissue. When the animals reached 30 days old (the start of the fattening period), they were allocated to two feeding groups: a control group (K), which received a standard concentrate diet, and an experimental group (D), which was fed a modified control diet where 3 % of the soybean meal was replaced with an alfalfa protein–xanthophyll preparation (PX). For the rest of the study the kids had ad libitum access to dam milk, hay and their respective diets. After 90 days of rearing (from the end of the fattening period up to when the kids were approximately 120 days of age), five (male) kids were randomly selected from each group and slaughtered. Overall, PX supplementation in goat kids does not affect any parameters of fattening, such as slaughter weight, daily weight gains or dressing percentage. However, beneficial effects of feeding with PX concentrate were found in a higher loin percentage and improved tissue composition resulting from lower fat tissue content. Moreover the PX dietary supplement improved the chemical composition of the muscle tissue by increasing the content of protein and unsaturated fatty acids. Taken together, our results suggest that supplementing the fattening diet for goat kids with the PX preparation did not affect the quantitative parameters of fattening but had a positive influence on the quality of carcass composition.
Quantifying methane emissions from natural gas production in north-eastern Pennsylvania
Authors: Barkley Zachary R. , Lauvaux Thomas , Davis Kenneth J. , Deng Aijun , Miles Natasha L. , Richardson Scott J. , Cao Yanni , Sweeney Colm , Karion Anna , Smith MacKenzie , Kort Eric A. , Schwietzke Stefan , Murphy Thomas , Cervone Guido , Martins Douglas , Maasakkers Joannes D. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Natural gas infrastructure releases methane (CH4), a potent greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere. The estimated emission rate associated with the production and transportation of natural gas is uncertain, hindering our understanding of its greenhouse footprint. This study presents a new application of inverse methodology for estimating regional emission rates from natural gas production and gathering facilities in north-eastern Pennsylvania. An inventory of CH4 emissions was compiled for major sources in Pennsylvania. This inventory served as input emission data for the Weather Research and Forecasting model with chemistry enabled (WRF-Chem), and atmospheric CH4 mole fraction fields were generated at 3 km resolution. Simulated atmospheric CH4 enhancements from WRF-Chem were compared to observations obtained from a 3-week flight campaign in May 2015. Modelled enhancements from sources not associated with upstream natural gas processes were assumed constant and known and therefore removed from the optimization procedure, creating a set of observed enhancements from natural gas only. Simulated emission rates from unconventional production were then adjusted to minimize the mismatch between aircraft observations and model-simulated mole fractions for 10 flights. To evaluate the method, an aircraft mass balance calculation was performed for four flights where conditions permitted its use. Using the model optimization approach, the weighted mean emission rate from unconventional natural gas production and gathering facilities in north-eastern Pennsylvania approach is found to be 0.36 % of total gas production, with a 2σ confidence interval between 0.27 and 0.45 % of production. Similarly, the mean emission estimates using the aircraft mass balance approach are calculated to be 0.40 % of regional natural gas production, with a 2σ confidence interval between 0.08 and 0.72 % of production. These emission rates as a percent of production are lower than rates found in any other basin using a top-down methodology, and may be indicative of some characteristics of the basin that make sources from the north-eastern Marcellus region unique.
Antibodies to Bordetella pertussis antigens in maternal and cord blood pairs: a Thai cohort study
Authors: Wanlapakorn Nasamon , Thongmee Thanunrat , Vichaiwattana Preeyaporn , Leuridan Elke , Vongpunsawad Sompong , Poovorawan Yong 
Published: November 2017

Background
Pertussis is a vaccine-preventable disease, yet an increasing incidence of pertussis occurs in many countries. Thailand has a long-standing pertussis vaccination policy, therefore most expectant mothers today had received vaccines as children. The resurgence of pertussis among Thai infants in recent years led us to examine the pre-existing antibodies to Bordetella pertussis antigens in a cohort of 90 pregnant women.

Methods
We evaluated the IgG to the Pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and pertactin (PRN) in maternal and cord blood sera using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).

Results
When values of >10 IU/ml were accepted as potential protective concentrations, we found that the percentages of unprotected infants were 73.3%, 43.3% and 75.5% for anti-PT, anti-FHA and anti-PRN IgG, respectively.

Discussion
These results may explain the susceptibility for pertussis among newborn infants in Thailand and support the requirement for a pertussis booster vaccine during pregnancy, which may contribute to the passive seroprotection among newborns during the first months of life.
Transient Variations in Glacial Mass Near Upernavik Isstrøm (West Greenland) Detected by the Combined Use of GPS and GRACE Data
Authors: Zhang Bao , Liu Lin , Khan Shfaqat Abbas , van Dam Tonie , Zhang Enze , Yao Yibin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe continuously operating Global Positioning System (GPS) sites mounted on bedrock around the coast of Greenland provide important geodetic data sets to quantify the solid Earth's response to historical and present‐day ice mass variations. However, the presence of colored noise and irregular seasonal signals makes it difficult to detect transient changes in GPS time series. Here we apply the multichannel singular spectral analysis to the combination of GPS data and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data so that we can identify and fully utilize the spatial correlations from these two independent data sets. Using the GPS and GRACE data near Upernavik Isstrøm in West Greenland as an example, we demonstrate that this method successfully detects two transient signals in ice mass variations during 2008 and 2014. Our forward modeling of loading displacements due to changes in surface mass balance (SMB) and ice dynamics suggests that the transient change starting in mid‐2008 was due to the combined contributions from dynamically induced mass loss and SMB. The transient change starting in mid‐2011 was mainly due to ablation. Specifically, the ice melted more in 2012 and less in 2013 with little contribution from anomalies in accumulation.
The Melting Curve of Nickel Up to 100 GPa Explored by XAS
Authors: Boccato Silvia , Torchio Raffaella , Kantor Innokenty , Morard Guillaume , Anzellini Simone , Giampaoli Ruggero , Briggs Richard , Smareglia Alessandro , Irifune Tetsuo , Pascarelli Sakura 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPrecise knowledge of the melting temperatures of iron, nickel, and their alloys at pressures of the deep Earth would allow us to better constrain the parameters used for the Earth's heat budget and dynamics. However, melting curves of transition metals at pressures approaching 100 GPa and above are still controversial. To address this issue, we report new data on the melting temperature of nickel in a laser‐heated diamond anvil cell up to 100 GPa obtained by X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), a technique rarely used at such conditions. We couple this for the first time to ex situ analysis of the sample, providing a further validation of the melting criterion adopted here. Finally, a Simon‐Glatzel fit to the melting data obtained in this work, combined with those obtained in the most recent X‐ray diffraction experiments, gives
, defining the most up‐to‐date X‐ray‐determined melting curve for Ni. This result confirms that Ni could be ignored in the discussion on melting properties and thermal profile of the Earth's core, as it should affect the Fe melting point by only 10–20 K at 90 GPa.
Polyamorphic Transformations in Fe‐Ni‐C Liquids: Implications for Chemical Evolution of Terrestrial Planets
Authors: Lai Xiaojing , Chen Bin , Wang Jianwei , Kono Yoshio , Zhu Feng 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDuring the formation of the Earth's core, the segregation of metallic liquids from silicate mantle should have left behind evident geochemical imprints on both the mantle and the core. Some distinctive geochemical signatures of the mantle‐derived rocks likely own their origin to the metal‐silicate differentiation of the primitive Earth, setting our planet apart from undifferentiated meteorites as well as terrestrial planets or moons isotopically and compositionally. Understanding the chemical evolution of terrestrial planetary bodies requires knowledge on properties of both liquid iron alloys and silicates equilibrating under physicochemical conditions pertinent to the deep magma ocean. Here we report experimental and computational results on the pressure‐induced structural evolution of iron‐nickel liquids alloyed with carbon. Our X‐ray diffraction experiments up to 7.3 gigapascals (GPa) demonstrate that Fe‐Ni (Fe90Ni10) liquids alloyed with 3 and 5 wt % carbon undergo a polyamorphic liquid structure transition at approximately 5 GPa. Corroborating the experimental observations, our first‐principles molecular dynamic calculations reveal that the structural transitions result from the marked prevalence of three‐atom face‐sharing polyhedral connections in the liquids at >5 GPa. The structure and polyamorphic transitions of liquid iron‐nickel‐carbon alloys govern their physical and chemical properties and may thus cast fresh light on the chemical evolution of terrestrial planets and moons.
Large‐Scale and Washable Smart Textiles Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerator Arrays for Self‐Powered Sleeping Monitoring
Authors: Lin Zhiming , Yang Jun , Li Xiaoshi , Wu Yufen , Wei Wei , Liu Jun , Chen Jun , Yang Jin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSleeping disorder is a major health threatening in high‐pace modern society. Characterizing sleep behavior with pressure‐sensitive, simple fabrication, and decent washability still remains a challenge and highly desired. Here, a pressure‐sensitive, large‐scale, and washable smart textile is reported based on triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) array as bedsheet for real‐time and self‐powered sleep behavior monitoring. Fabricated by conductive fibers and elastomeric materials with a wave structure, the TENG units exhibit desirable features including high sensitivity, fast response time, durability, and water resistance, and are interconnected together, forming a pressure sensor array. Furthermore, highly integrated data acquisition, processing, and wireless transmission system is established and equipped with the sensor array to realize real‐time sleep behavior monitoring and sleep quality evaluation. Moreover, the smart textile can further serve as a self‐powered warning system in the case of an aged nonhospitalized patients falling down from the bed, which will immediately inform the medical staff. This work not only paves a new way for real‐time noninvasive sleep monitoring, but also presents a new perspective for the practical applications of remote clinical medical service.
Novel Eco‐Friendly Starch Paper for Use in Flexible, Transparent, and Disposable Organic Electronics
Authors: Jeong Heejeong , Baek Seolhee , Han Singu , Jang Hayeong , Kim Se Hyun , Lee Hwa Sung 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAn eco‐friendly biodegradable starch paper is introduced for use in next‐generation disposable organic electronics without the need for a planarizing layer. The starch papers are formed by starch gelatinization using a very small amount of 0.5 wt% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a polymer that bound to the starch, and 5 wt% of a crosslinker that bound to the PVA to improve mechanical properties. This process minimizes the additions of synthetic materials. The resultant starch paper provides a remarkable mechanical strength and stability under repeated movements. Robustness tests using various chemical solvents are conducted by immersing the starch paper for 6 h. Excellent nonpolar solvent stabilities are observed. They are important for the manufacture of organic electronics that use nonpolar solution processes. The applicability of the starch paper as a flexible substrate is tested by fabricating flexible organic transistors using pentacene, dinaphtho[2,3‐b:2′,3′‐f]thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene, and poly(dimethyl‐triarylamine) using both vacuum and solution processes. Electrically well‐behaved device performances are identified. Finally, the eco‐friendly biodegradability is verified by subjecting the starch paper to complete degradation by fungi in fishbowl water over 24 d. These developments illuminate new research areas in the field of biodegradable green electronics, enabling the development of extremely low‐cost electronics.
Baby Diaper‐Inspired Construction of 3D Porous Composites for Long‐Term Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wei Huan Huan , Zhang Qi , Wang Yu , Li Yi Jing , Fan Jin Chen , Xu Qun Jie , Min Yu Lin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this paper, by using the superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) from baby diaper, the 3D porous composites decorated with NiO and Ni nanoparticles (NNSCs) have been prepared via a facile dissolving‐freeze drying and subsequent annealing reactions. The porous carbon matrix (PCM) derived from the SAPs also provides a continuous highly conductive network to facilitate the fast charge transfer and form a stable solid electrolyte interface film. Furthermore, NNSC can exhibit the high specific capacity and excellent cycle performance as anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries. And more importantly, employing the PCM derived from baby diaper offers a green approach for other energy storage materials.
Thermodynamic Activation of Charge Transfer in Anionic Redox Process for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Biao , Jiang Ning , Huang Weifeng , Yan Huijun , Zuo Yuxuan , Xia Dingguo 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAnionic redox processes are vital to realize high capacity in lithium‐rich electrodes of lithium‐ion batteries. However, the activation mechanism of these processes remains ambiguous, hampering further implementation in new electrode design. This study demonstrates that the electrochemical activity of inert cubic‐Li2TiO3 is triggered by Fe3+ substitution, to afford considerable oxygen redox activity. Coupled with first principles calculations, it is found that electron holes tend to be selectively generated on oxygen ions bonded to Fe rather than Ti. Subsequently, a thermodynamic threshold is unravelled dictated by the relative values of the Coulomb and exchange interactions (U) and charge‐transfer energy (Δ) for the anionic redox electron‐transfer process, which is further verified by extension to inactive layered Li2TiS3, in which the sulfur redox process is activated by Co substitution to form Li1.2Ti0.6Co0.2S2. This work establishes general guidance for the design of high‐capacity electrodes utilizing anionic redox processes.
MoS2/WS2 Quantum Dots as High‐Performance Lubricant Additive in Polyalkylene Glycol for Steel/Steel Contact at Elevated Temperature
Authors: Wu Xinhu , Gong Kuiliang , Zhao Gaiqing , Lou Wenjing , Wang Xiaobo , Liu Weimin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractHerein, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and tungsten disulfide (WS2) quantum dots (QDs) are prepared by a facile and green technique, and characterized by microscopy and spectroscopy. The resulting products display exceptional stability in polyalkylene glycol (PAG) base oil, and are used for the first time as friction reducing and antiwear additives in PAG for steel/steel contact. Tribological measurements indicate that the stable dispersion consisting of PAG mixed with MoS2/WS2 QDs exhibits significant tribological properties compared with pure PAG and PAG containing MoS2/WS2 QDs nanosheets under different loads at elevated temperatures. The excellent tribological behaviors of MoS2/WS2 QDs are attributed to the formation of a boundary lubrication film, which can be generated not only by the physical entrapment of MoS2/WS2 QDs at the ball‐disk contact surfaces, but also by tribochemical reaction between MoS2/WS2 and the iron atoms/iron oxide species.
Favorable Face‐on Orientation of a Conjugated Polymer on Roll‐to‐Roll‐Transferred Graphene Interface
Authors: Chae Sangmin , Cho Kuk Hyun , Won Sejeong , Yi Ahra , Choi Jiyeon , Lee Hyun Hwi , Kim Jae‐Hyun , Kim Hyo Jung 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe use of dry transferred graphene as a templating layer to enhance face‐to‐face stacking in poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) systems which is widely used for organic optoelectronics is investigated. In contrast to conventional poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) assisted wet transferred graphene, dry transferred graphene is found in the current work to be quite suitable for use in the roll‐to‐roll process due to its lack of PMMA residue, whose removal would require high‐temperature annealing. Grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) is used to determine the percentages of P3HT molecules adopting a face‐on orientation on the various substrates tested. When a P3HT film with a thickness of 30 nm is produced, the face‐on populations of P3HT are prominent on both the dry and wet transferred graphene layers. As the film thickness is increased to 50 nm, the face‐on population decreases on the wet transferred graphene surface, but retains high levels on the dry transferred graphene. GIWAXS, near‐edge X‐ray absorption fine structure, and atomic force microscopy data are combined to propose schematic models for the molecular stacking of P3HTs on the two differently transferred graphene surfaces.
Surgical outcomes in gastroenterological surgery in Japan: Report of National Clinical database 2011–2016
Authors: Kakeji Yoshihiro , Takahashi Arata , Udagawa Harushi , Unno Michiaki , Endo Itaru , Kunisaki Chikara , Taketomi Akinobu , Tangoku Akira , Masaki Tadahiko , Marubashi Shigeru , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Gotoh Mitsukazu , Konno Hiroyuki , Miyata Hiroaki , Seto Yasuyuki ,   National Clinical Database
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe National Clinical Database (NCD) of Japan started its registration in 2011 and over 9 000 000 cases from more than 5000 facilities were registered over a 6‐year period. This is the report of NCD based upon gastrointestinal surgery information in excess of 3 200 000 cases from 2011 to 2016 adding data of complications. About 70% of all gastrointestinal surgeries were carried out at certified institutions, and the percentage of surgeries done at certified institutions was particularly high for the esophagus (92.4% in 2016), liver (88.4%), pancreas (89.8%), and spleen (86.8%). The percentage of anesthesiologist participation was more than 90% for almost all organs, except 85.7% for the rectum and anus. Approximately, more than two‐thirds of the surgeries were carried out with the participation of a board‐certified surgeon. Although patients have been getting older, mortalities have not been increasing. There were differences in the incidence of complications according to organ site and procedure. Remarkably, mortality rates of low anterior resection were very low, and those of hepatectomy and acute diffuse peritonitis surgery have been gradually decreasing. Although the complication rates were gradually increasing for esophagectomy or pancreaticoduodenectomy, the mortality rates for these procedures were decreasing. Nationwide, this database is expected to ensure the quality of the board‐certification system and surgical outcomes in gastroenterological surgery.
Photocatalytic Oxygen Evolution from Functional Triazine‐Based Polymers with Tunable Band Structures
Authors: Lan Zhi‐An , Fang Yuanxing , Zhang Yongfan , Wang Xinchen 
Published: November 2017

AbstractConjugated polymers (CPs) are emerging and appealing light harvesters for photocatalytic water splitting owing to their adjustable band gap and facile processing. Herein, we report an advanced mild synthesis of three conjugated triazine‐based polymers (CTPs) with different chain lengths by increasing the quantity of electron‐donating benzyl units in the backbone. Varying the chain length of the CTPs modulates their electronic, optical, and redox properties, resulting in an enhanced performance for photocatalytic oxygen evolution, which is the more challenging half‐reaction of water splitting owing to the sluggish reaction kinetics. Our results could stimulate interest in these functional polymers where a molecular engineering strategy enables the production of suitable semiconductor redox energetics for oxygenic photosynthesis.
Preparation and characterization of new nanocomposite polymer films containing NiO nanofillers
Authors: Çetinkaya Sevil , Sönmez Damla , Özker Taner 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTNanocomposite solid polymer films based on the poly(exo‐N‐phenyl‐7‐oxanorbornene‐5,6‐dicarboximide) (PPhONDI)/LiClO4/NiO system have been designed, and the effect of inorganic NiO nanofiller in different amounts on the film properties has been examined. The exo‐PPhONDI/LiClO4/NiO polymer system is the first solid nanocomposite polymer electrolyte film example based on a ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) host polymer. The NiO nanoparticles were prepared by two‐step chemical syntheses, and the thermoplastic host polymer, exo‐PPhONDI, was synthesized via ROMP. Composite polymer films were prepared by the solution‐casting method. The amount of nanoparticles was varied from 1 to 15 wt % of NiO. The conductivity of the nanocomposite solid polymer systems was influenced by the NiO nanofiller concentration. The composite films based on exo‐PPhONDI ROMP polymer with the highest conductivity were achieved for the composition with 8 wt % of NiO nanofiller and 10 wt % of LiClO4 dopant. The prepared films were characterized using X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM results showed that the filler was well distributed in the polymer matrix. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45938.