bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced Efficacy of the Pipeline Embolization Device in the Treatment of Posterior Communicating Region Aneurysms with Fetal Posterior Cerebral Artery Configuration
Authors: Roy Anil K , Howard Brian M , Haussen Diogo C , Osbun Joshua W , Halani Sameer H , Skukalek Susana L , Tong Frank , Nogueira Raul G , Dion Jacques E , Cawley Charles M , Grossberg Jonathan A 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Aneurysms at the origin of the posterior communicating artery (PcommA) have been demonstrated to be effectively treated with the pipeline embolization device (PED). Much less is known about the efficacy of the PED for aneurysms associated with a fetal posterior cerebral artery (fPCA) variant.

OBJECTIVE
To study PED treatment efficacy of PcommA aneurysms, including fPCA aneurysms.

METHODS
A prospectively maintained university database of aneurysm patients treated with the PED was retrospectively reviewed. Demographics, treatment details, and imaging were reviewed for all PcommA and fPCA aneurysms.

RESULTS
Out of a total of 285 patients treated with PED, 50 patients (mean age 57.5 ± 12.2 yr, 42 females) with unruptured PcommA (9 fPCA) aneurysms were identified. Mean follow-up duration was 14.0 ± 11.6 mo (48 patients). Roy-Raymond class I occlusion on follow-up magnetic resonance or catheter angiography (mean time 11.7 ± 6.8 mo) was achieved in 30 patients (62.5%), class II occlusion in 11 patients (22.9%) and class III occlusion in 7 patients (14.5%). The PcommA was occluded in 56% of patients without any clinical symptoms. No deaths or permanent neurological complications occurred. In fPCA aneurysms, class I occlusion was seen in 1 patient, class 2 occlusion in 2 patients, and class III occlusion in 6 patients. Multivariate analysis revealed an independent association between incomplete occlusion and fPCA configuration (OR 73.65; 95% CI: 5.84-929.13; P = .001).

CONCLUSION
The PED is a safe and effective treatment for PcommA aneurysms, although fetal anatomy should increase consideration of traditional endovascular techniques or surgical clipping.
Lactobacillus rhamnosus Endocarditis After Upper Endoscopy
Authors: Aaron Justin G. , Sobieszczyk Magdalena E. , Weiner Shepard D. , Whittier Susan , Lowy Franklin D. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Lactobacillus rhamnosus is commonly found in gastrointestinal flora and used in probiotics but is a rare human pathogen. We report a case of L. rhamnosus endocarditis following upper endoscopy in a frequent consumer of yogurt containing the organism, who required aortic and mitral valve replacement for cure.
Trigonometric parallax measurement of a water maser source toward the Sgr D H ii region
Authors: Sakai Daisuke , Oyama Tomoaki , Nagayama Takumi , Honma Mareki , Kobayashi Hideyuki 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
We report on VLBI observations of a water maser source associated with the Sgr D H ii region, which is a bright radio continuum source in the direction of the Galactic center region. The absolute proper motions and the distance measured by VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry (VERA) were (μα cos δ, μδ) = (−1.32 ± 0.15 mas yr−1, −2.86 ± 0.34 mas yr−1) and $d=2.36_{-0.39}^{+0.58} \,{\rm kpc}$, respectively. The line-of-sight velocity of the water maser emission is similar to that of the H91α recombination line emission detected at the Sgr D H ii region. The spatial position and line-of-sight velocity of the water maser emission indicate that this source is physically associated with the extended H ii source seen under radio continuum observations. Thus, our results suggest that the Sgr D H ii region is located in the Scutum arm of the Galactic disk. We discuss this new view of the Sgr D complex, based on the parallax and proper motions.
Reporting Newborn Audiologic Results to State EHDI Programs
Authors: Chung Winnie , Beauchaine Kathryn L. , Grimes Alison , O’Hollearn Tammy , Mason Craig , Ringwalt Sharon 
Published: May 2017

Objectives:
All US states and territories have an Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) program to facilitate early hearing evaluation and intervention for infants who are deaf or hard of hearing. To ensure efficient coordination of care, the state EHDI programs rely heavily on audiologists’ prompt reporting of a newborn’s hearing status. Several states have regulations requiring mandatory reporting of a newborn’s hearing status. This is an important public health responsibility of pediatric audiologists. Reasons for failing to report vary.

Design:
The Early Hearing Detection and Intervention-Pediatric Audiology Links to Services (EHDI) facility survey was used to inform reporting compliance of audiology facilities throughout the United States. The survey was disseminated via articles, newsletters, and call-to-action notices to audiologists.

Results:
Among 1024 facilities surveyed, 88 (8.6%) reported that they did not report newborn’s hearing findings to their state EHDI program. Not knowing how to report to the state EHDI program was the most frequently chosen reason (60%). However, among the 936 facilities that were compliant with the reporting requirements, 51 estimated that they reported less than two-third of all hearing evaluation results (5.4%). Some facilities did not report a normal-hearing result and some failed to report because they assumed another facility would report the hearing results.

Conclusions:
Survey results indicated that audiologists were compliant reporting hearing results to the state EHDI programs. However, there is room for improvement. Regular provider outreach and training by the state EHDI program is necessary to ensure those who are not reporting will comply and to clarify reporting requirements for those who are already compliant.
Assessing the American Association of Neuroscience Nurses’ Progress on the Institute of Medicine Report
Authors: Madden Lori Kennedy , Hundley Lynn , Summers Debbie , Villanueva Nancy , Walter Suzy Mascaro 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
The American Association of Neuroscience Nurses (AANN) has worked toward meeting the challenges and addressing the key messages from the 2010 Institute of Medicine report on the future of nursing. In 2012, AANN developed an article summarizing how the association has addressed key issues. Since that time, new recommendations have been made to advance nursing, and AANN has updated its strategic plan. The AANN has assessed organizational progress in these initiatives in a 2017 white paper. This process included review of plans since the initial report and proposal of further efforts the organization can make in shaping the future of neuroscience nursing. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide an overview of the AANN white paper.
Lack of Mucosal Healing From Modified Specific Carbohydrate Diet in Pediatric Patients With Crohn Disease
Authors: Wahbeh Ghassan T. , Ward Brian T. , Lee Dale Y. , Giefer Matthew J. , Suskind David L. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTExclusive enteral nutrition is effective in pediatric Crohn disease but challenging as maintenance therapy. There is interest in food‐based therapies such as the specific carbohydrate diet (SCD) but paucity of data on efficacy and effect on mucosal healing, an evolving target of IBD therapy. We conducted a retrospective review of the mucosal healing effect of the SCD in pediatric Crohn disease (CD). The endoscopic findings for children younger than 18 years with CD treated exclusively with the SCD or modified SCD (mSCD; SCD + addition of “illegal foods”) were reviewed before and after the diet. Ileocolonoscopic examinations were scored according to the Simple Endoscopic Score for CD and findings on upper endoscopy were described. Seven subjects were identified, all on mSCD. The average age at starting the SCD was 11 ± 3.4 years and median duration of SCD/mSCD therapy was 26 months. All subjects reported no active symptoms before repeat endoscopic evaluation on mSCD, the majority had consistently normal C‐reactive protein, albumin and hematocrit assessments, and mildly elevated fecal calprotectin (>50 μg/g, median 201, range 65–312) at any point within 3 months before the repeat endoscopy. One patient showed complete ileocolonic healing but persistent upper gastrointestinal tract ulceration. Complete macroscopic mucosal healing of both the ileocolon and upper gastrointestinal tract was not seen in any patient.
Midbrain Infarction Resulting in Bilateral Pseudoabducens Palsies
Authors: Kaas Bonnie M. , Zee David S. , Kheradmand Amir , Gold Daniel R. 
Published: May 2017

Introduction:
Pseudoabducens palsy refers to abduction paresis in the absence of a pontine or peripheral nerve process. This finding has been described with mesodiencephalic lesions, and likely has a common mechanism with thalamic esotropia.

Case Report:
We describe the case of a 55-year-old man who presented with near-complete ophthalmoparesis, sparing only adduction of the left eye. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain demonstrated midbrain infarction.

Conclusions:
Pseudoabducens palsy is likely underrecognized, but can be highly localizing when identified. Possible pathophysiologic mechanisms for this finding are discussed.
The Dizzy Patient
Authors: van Leeuwen Roeland B. , Colijn Carla , van Wensen Erik , Bruintjes Tjasse D. 
Published: May 2017

Background:
Many patients with dizziness complain about >1 type of dizziness and therefore there may be ≥2 coexisting diagnoses.

Objective:
To determine how often a second or third diagnosis is present in a patient with dizziness and to establish what are the most common combinations of diagnoses.

Study Design:
Prospective, observational study in a tertiary center.

Results:
A consecutive cohort of 621 patients was included in the study. In 187 patients (30.1%) a second diagnosis was present. Within this group a third diagnosis was present in 35 (5.6%) patients. The most common second diagnosis was an anxiety disorder (50.1%).

Conclusions:
Patients with dizziness frequently present themselves with >1 type of dizziness caused by 2 or 3 different diseases. In our study 30% of patients with dizziness have >1 diagnosis. Anxiety disorder is the most common second diagnosis.
Early Carotid Occlusion After Endarterectomy in a Patient With a Mutation for MTHFR A1298C Polymorphism
Authors: Vidale Simone , Bellocchi Silvio , Casiraghi Paolo , Caronno Roberto , Arnaboldi Marco 
Published: May 2017

Introduction:
Significant carotid stenosis is a well-documented risk factor for ischemic stroke. Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting are effective procedures for the prevention of stroke in patients with this disease. However, the occurrence of restenosis could contribute to an increase in the risk of ischemic stroke.

Case Report:
A 79-year-old woman was admitted to the Neurosurgical Department to undergo a CEA because of a progressive stenosis. At the 3-month radiologic follow-up, the examinations showed a carotid restenosis. She was immediately started on a double-antiplatelet therapy. Blood samples revealed high levels of homocysteine and genetic tests showed a homozygous mutation for methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase A1298C polymorphism. Folic acid associated with pyridoxine was added to the treatment. Radiologic follow-ups showed no changes in the stenosis degree.

Conclusions:
Even if the association between homocysteine and carotid restenosis after CEA is unclear, an initial screening before the surgical procedure could be useful to promptly treat this condition and probably reduce the risk of this complication. In the case of homozygous mutation, the selection of patients and the appropriate therapy could reduce the risk of carotid restenosis.
Impact of Interfacility Transport Method and Specialty Teams on Outcomes of Pediatric Trauma Patients
Authors: Patel Shetal C. , Murphy Stephen , Penfil Scott , Romeo Debra , Hertzog James H. 
Published: May 2017

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of ground versus air transport and use of pediatric specialty versus generalist transport teams on outcomes of pediatric trauma victims requiring interfacility transport.

Methods
A retrospective review of our hospital's trauma registry database was performed. Children with traumatic injuries who were transported from a referring hospital by either our pediatric specialty transport team or an outside generalist transport team were included in the analysis. Comparisons were made by mode of transport (air vs ground), team type (specialty vs generalist), and by transport mode and team type combined.

Results
Total transport time was significantly shorter for generalist air transport than other modes. Severity of injury as determined by Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS) was equivalent for all patients at the referring hospital, but there was a statistically significant greater decrease (worsening) in PTS from referral to arrival for generalist team air transports versus all other transport modes. Similarly, there was a statistically significant greater decrease (worsening) in Glasgow Coma Score from referral to arrival for generalist team air transport versus all other transport modes. Hospital discharge disposition to home was greater for all ground teams versus air teams and for specialty team air versus generalist team air.

Conclusions
In our system, air transport by a generalist team occurred more rapidly than ground or air transport by a specialty team. However, generalist air transport is associated with significant worsening in patients' PTS and Glasgow Coma Score despite similar severity of injury at referral, and differences in hospital discharge disposition were present.
Brief Report: Impact of Early Antiretroviral Therapy on the Performance of HIV Rapid Tests and HIV Incidence Assays
Authors: Fogel Jessica M. , Piwowar-Manning Estelle , Debevec Barbara , Walsky Tamara , Schlusser Katherine , Laeyendecker Oliver , Wilson Ethan A. , McCauley Marybeth , Gamble Theresa , Tegha Gerald , Soko Dean , Kumwenda Johnstone , Hosseinipour Mina C. , Chen Ying Q. , Cohen Myron S. , Eshleman Susan H. 
Published: May 2017

Background:
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can downregulate antibody responses to HIV infection. We evaluated the impact of early vs. delayed ART on the performance of HIV diagnostic and incidence assays.

Methods:
Samples were obtained from 207 participants in the HPTN 052 trial, who were stably suppressed on ART for ≥4 years [Malawi sites; pre-ART CD4 cell count 350–550 cells/mm3 (early ART arm, N = 180) or <250 cells/mm3 or an AIDS-defining illness (delayed ART arm, N = 27)]. Samples were tested with 2 HIV rapid tests and 2 HIV incidence assays; selected samples were also tested with two fourth-generation immunoassays and a Western blot (WB) assay. A pre-ART sample was analyzed if the follow-up sample had a false-negative or weakly-reactive rapid test result, or had an incidence assay result indicative of recent infection (false-recent result).

Results:
Ten (4.8%) samples had a nonreactive or weakly-reactive rapid test result (7/180 early ART arm, 3/27 delayed ART arm, P = 0.13); one sample had nonreactive fourth-generation assay results and 3 had indeterminate WBs. Forty (18.9%) samples had a false-recent incidence assay result; 16 (7.8%) had false-recent results with both incidence assays. Baseline samples had stronger rapid test and WB bands, higher fourth-generation assay signal-to-cutoff values, and fewer HIV incidence assay results indicative of recent infection.

Conclusions:
False-negative/weakly-reactive HIV rapid tests and false-recent HIV incidence assay results were observed in virally-suppressed individuals, regardless of pre-ART CD4 cell count. Downregulation of the antibody response to HIV infection in the setting of ART may impact population-level surveys of HIV prevalence and incidence.
Strategies to Accelerate HIV Care and Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation After HIV Diagnosis: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Hoffmann Christopher J. , Mabuto Tonderai , Ginindza Sibuse , Fielding Katherine L. , Kubeka Griffths , Dowdy David W. , Churchyard Gavin J. , Charalambous Salome 
Published: May 2017

Objective:
Determine the effectiveness of strategies to increase linkage to care after testing HIV positive at mobile HIV testing in South Africa.

Design:
Unmasked randomized controlled trial.

Methods:
Recruitment of adults testing HIV positive and not currently in HIV care occurred at 7 mobile HIV counseling and testing units in urban, periurban, and rural South Africa with those consenting randomized 1:1:1:1 into 1 of 4 arms. Three strategies were compared with standard of care (SOC): point-of-care CD4 count testing (POC CD4), POC CD4 plus longitudinal strengths-based counseling (care facilitation; CF), and POC CD4 plus transport reimbursement (transport). Participants were followed up telephonically and through clinic records and analyzed with an intention-to-treat analysis.

Results:
From March 2013 to October 2014, 2558 participants were enrolled, of whom 160 were excluded postrandomization. Compared with the SOC arm where 298 (50%) reported having entered care, linkage to care was 319 (52%) for POC CD4, hazard ratio (HR) 1.0 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.89 to 1.2, P = 0.6]; 331 (55%) for CF, HR: 1.1 (95% CI: 0.84 to 1.3, P = 0.2); and 291 (49%) for transport, HR 0.97 (95% CI: 0.83 to 1.1, P = 0.7). Linkage to care verified with clinical records that occurred for 172 (29%) in the SOC arm; 187 (31%) in the POC CD4 arm, HR: 1.0 (95% CI: 0.86 to 1.3, P = 0.6); 225 (38%) in the CF arm, HR: 1.4 (95% CI: 1.1 to 1.7, P = 0.001); and 180 (31%) in the transport arm, HR: 1.1 (95% CI: 0.88 to 1.3, P = 0.5).

Conclusions:
CF improved verified linkage to care from 29% to 38%.
Neuro–Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: Finding in 412 Patients and Prognostic Features
Authors: Lian Zhou-yang , Li He-hong , Zhang Bin , Dong Yu-hao , Deng Wu-xu , Liu Jing , Luo Xiao-ning , Huang Biao , Liang Chang-hong , Zhang Shui-xing 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The aims of this study were to describe the neuroimaging findings in hand, foot, and mouth disease and determine those who may provide prognosis.

Material and Methods
Magnetic resonance imaging scans in 412 severe hand, foot, and mouth disease between 2009 and 2014 were retrospectively evaluated. The patients who had the neurological signs were followed for 6 months to 1 year. According to the good or poor prognosis, 2 groups were categorized. The incidence of lesions in different sites between the 2 groups was compared, and multivariate analysis was used to look for risk factors.

Results
The major sites of involvement for all patients with percentages were the medulla oblongata (16.1%), spinal anterior nerve roots (12.4%), thoracic segments (11.1%), brain or spinal meninges (8.3%), and so on. There were 347 patients (84.2%) with good prognosis and 65 (15.8%) with poor prognosis in the follow-up. There was a significantly higher rate of lesions involving the cerebral white substance, thalamus, medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain, and spinal cord in the group with poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis showed 2 independent risk factors associated with poor prognosis: lesions located in the medulla oblongata (P < 0.015) and spinal cord (P < 0.001) on magnetic resonance imaging; the latter was the most significant prognostic factor (odds ratio, 29.11; P < 0.001).

Conclusions
We found that the distribution patterns for all patients mainly involved the medulla oblongata, spinal anterior nerve roots, thoracic segments, and brain or spinal meninges. Our findings suggested that patients with lesions located in the medulla oblongata and spinal cord may be closely monitored for early intervention and meticulous management. For children with the symptom of nervous system, they are strongly recommended for magnetic resonance examination.
Biventricular Heart Remodeling After Percutaneous or Surgical Pulmonary Valve Implantation
Authors: Secchi Francesco , Resta Elda C. , Cannaò Paola M. , Pluchinotta Francesca , Piazza Luciane , Butera Gianfranco , Carminati Mario , Sardanelli Francesco 
Published: May 2017

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) and surgical pulmonary valve replacement (SPVR) on biventricular and pulmonary valve function using cardiac magnetic resonance.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty-five patients aged 20±8 years (mean±SD) underwent PPVI, whereas 16 patients aged 30±11 years underwent SPVR. Cardiac magnetic resonance examinations were performed before and after the procedures with an average follow-up interval of 10 months. Cine steady-state free precession sequences for cardiac function and phase-contrast sequences for pulmonary flow were performed. The right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle (LV) functions were evaluated using a dedicated software.

Results:
The RV end-diastolic volume index (mL/m2) decreased significantly after PPVI and SPVR, from 74 to 64 (P=0.030) and from 137 to 83 (P=0.001), respectively. The RV ejection fraction increased significantly after SPVR, from 47% to 53% (P=0.038). The LV end-diastolic volume index increased significantly after PPVI, from 66 to 76 mL/m2 (P<0.001). The LV stroke volume index increased significantly after PPVI, from 34 to 43 mL/m2 (P=0.004). The analysis of bivariate correlations showed that in patients undergoing SPVR the RV changes after the procedure were positively correlated to LV changes in terms of end-systolic volume index (r=0587; P=0.017) and ejection fraction (r=0.681; P=0.004).

Conclusions:
A RV volumetric reduction and a positive effect on ventricular-ventricular interaction were observed after both PPVI and SPVR. After PPVI, a positive volumetric LV remodeling was found. No LV remodeling was found after SPVR. After both procedures, the replaced pulmonary valve functioned well.
Climate strategies: thinking through Arctic examples
Authors: Bodenhorn Barbara , Ulturgasheva Olga 
Published: May 2017

Frequent and unpredictable extreme weather events in Siberia and Alaska destroy infrastructure and threaten the livelihoods of circumpolar peoples. Local responses are inventive and flexible. However, the distinct politics of post-Soviet Siberia and Alaska play a key role in the pragmatics of strategic planning. The Arctic is a planetary climate driver, but also holds the promise of massive resources in an ice-free future, producing tensions between ‘environmental’ and ‘development’ goals. Drawing on material from Siberia and Alaska we argue: (i) that extreme events in the Arctic are becoming normal; material demands are in a state of flux making it difficult to assess future material needs. We must consider material substitutions as much as material reduction; (ii) local-level responsive strategies should be taken into account. Core/periphery thinking tends to assume that answers come from ‘the centre’; this is, in our view, limited; (iii) we suggest that ‘flexibility’ may become a core survival value that is as important for city planners and public health officials as it is for Siberian reindeer herders. In this, we see not only the simultaneous need for mitigation and adaptation policies, but also for a concerted effort in promoting such capacities in young people.This article is part of the themed issue ‘Material demand reduction’.