bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low bone mineral density in patients with type 1 diabetes: association with reduced expression of IGF1, IGF1R and TGF B 1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Authors: de Souza Karla Simone Costa , Ururahy Marcela Abbott Galvão , da Costa Oliveira Yonara Monique , Loureiro Melina Bezerra , da Silva Heglayne Pereira Vital , Bortolin Raul Hernandes , Melo dos Santos Fabricio , Luchessi André Ducati , Neto José Jorge Maciel , Arrais Ricardo Fernando , Hirata Rosario Dominguez Crespo , das Graças Almeida Maria , Hirata Mario Hiroyuki , de Rezende Adriana Augusto 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe negative effects of type 1 diabetes (T1D) on growth factors of bone metabolism lead to a reduction in bone mineral density. This study aimed to evaluate the association between bone mineral density and insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF1), insulin‐like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) expressions in children and adolescents with T1D. Moreover, the influences of age at diagnosis, time since diagnosis, glycaemic control and albuminuria on bone mineral density were investigated.MethodsEighty‐six T1D children/adolescents (T1D group) and ninety normoglycaemic controls (normoglycaemic group) were included. T1D patients were analysed as a whole and also in subsets of patients with good glycaemic control (glycated hemoglobin concentration ≤7.5%) and with poor glycaemic control (glycated hemoglobin concentration >7.5%). Bone mineral density was assessed by dual energy x‐ray absorptiometry. Glycaemic control, renal function and bone markers were also assessed. IGF1, IGF1R and TGFB1 expressions were determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by real‐time polymerase chain reaction.ResultsPatients with T1D showed low bone mineral density and poor glycaemic control. Serum total calcium and urinary albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio were higher in patients with poor glycaemic control compared to those with good glycemic control (p = 0.003 and p = 0.035, respectively). There was a reduction of IGF1, IGF1R and TGFB1 expressions in the T1D patients and in the subset with poor glycaemic control compared to normoglycaemic controls (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe decreased IGF1, IGF1R and TGFB1 expressions in the T1D patients, who presented with T1D at an early age, had been diagnosed with T1D for a longer time, had poor glycaemic control and albuminuria may contribute to low bone mineral density. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biocrusts positively affect the soil water balance in semiarid ecosystems
Authors: Chamizo Sonia , Cantón Yolanda , Rodríguez‐Caballero Emilio , Domingo Francisco 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBiocrusts play crucial roles in hydrological processes by controlling soil water availability and regulating water redistribution from source to sink areas. Most studies have examined the influence of biocrusts on isolated components of the soil water balance, but few have addressed this matter from an integrated point of view, involving their influence on all components together. Such integration is crucial to elucidate the overall effects of biocrusts on the soil water balance. The aim of this study was to review the role of biocrusts in the soil water balance, by examining their influence on infiltration, evaporation and soil moisture at plot scale, in two contrasting ecosystems of SE Spain. Our results show that biocrust infiltration was higher in flat soils with sandy loam texture than in steep soils with silty loam texture. The influence of biocrusts on infiltration depended on rainfall intensity. Biocrusts increased infiltration with respect to biocrust‐removed soils during low intensity rainfalls but showed similar or even lower infiltration than biocrust‐removed soils during high‐intensity events. As a result of the increase in infiltration and a decrease in evaporation during wet cold periods, biocrusts increased soil moisture when compared with biocrust‐removed soils. However, during warm periods, biocrusts and biocrust‐removed soils lost water very quickly, thus resulting in similar water losses and moisture content under both types of surfaces. We conclude that biocrusts increase water input by increasing infiltration and soil moisture, and reduce water output by reducing soil evaporation, thus eventually enhancing the available water to plants. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rapid detection of bovine adipose tissue using lateral flow strip assay
Authors: Hsieh Yun‐Hwa P. , Gajewski Kamil 
Published: December 2015

AbstractCurrently no rapid immunoassays are developed to identify the species content of fat tissue in mixtures. We report a simple protocol enabling the effective detection of bovine fat in highly processed materials using a lateral flow (LF) immunoassay which targets a ruminant‐specific muscle protein. A portion (50 gm) of muscle‐free fat samples was rendered to separate the molten fat from the proteinaceous residue, then soluble proteins were extracted from the solid residue with 0.5 mol/L NaCl for the LF analysis. The assay could detect 2% bovine fat‐in‐pork fat, 1% bovine fat‐in‐porcine meat‐and‐bone meal, and 0.5% bovine fat‐in‐soy meal mixtures. Rendered bovine fat could be detected up to 213°C. These results demonstrate that low levels of bovine fat tissue can be detected in processed materials using an immunoassay based on the presence of the muscle protein which serves as a species marker in the fat tissue.
Incorporation of Mg particles into PDLLA regulates mesenchymal stem cell and macrophage responses
Authors: Cifuentes Sandra C. , Bensiamar Fátima , Gallardo‐Moreno Amparo M. , Osswald Tim A. , González‐Carrasco José L. , Benavente Rosario , González‐Martín María L. , García‐Rey Eduardo , Vilaboa Nuria , Saldaña Laura 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn this work, we investigated a new approach to incorporate Mg particles within a PDLLA matrix using a solvent‐free commercially available process. PDLLA/Mg composites were manufactured by injection moulding and the effects of Mg incorporated into PDLLA on MSC and macrophage responses were evaluated. Small amounts of Mg particles (≤1 wt %) do not cause thermal degradation of PDLLA, which retains its mechanical properties. PDLLA/Mg composites release hydrogen, alkaline products and Mg2+ ions without changing pH of culture media. Mg‐containing materials provide a noncytotoxic environment that enhances MSC viability. Concentration of Mg2+ ions in extracts of MSCs increases with the increment of Mg content in the composites. Incorporation of Mg particles into PDLLA stimulates FN production, ALP activity, and VEGF secretion in MSCs, an effect mediated by degradation products dissolved from the composites. Degradation products of PDLLA induce an increase in MCP‐1, RANTES, and MIP‐1α secretion in macrophages while products of composites have minimal effect on these chemokines. Regulation of MSC behavior at the biomaterial's interface and macrophage‐mediated inflammatory response to the degradation products is related to the incorporation of Mg in the composites. These findings suggest that including small amounts of Mg particles into polymeric devices can be a valuable strategy to promote osseointegration and reduce host inflammatory response. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 866–878, 2016.
Mitochondrial Damage and Apoptosis Induced by Adenosine Deaminase Inhibition and Deoxyadenosine in Human Neuroblastoma Cell Lines
Authors: Garcia‐Gil Mercedes , Tozzi Maria Grazia , Balestri Francesco , Colombaioni Laura , Camici Marcella 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThe treatment with deoxycoformycin, a strong adenosine deaminase inhibitor, in combination with deoxyadenosine, causes apoptotic cell death of two human neuroblastoma cell lines, SH‐SY5Y and LAN5. Herein we demonstrate that, in SH‐SY5Y cells, this combination rapidly decreases mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and, in parallel, increases mitochondrial mass, while, later, induces nuclear fragmentation, and activation of caspase‐8, ‐9, and ‐3. In previous papers we have shown that a human astrocytoma cell line, subjected to the same treatment, undergoes apoptotic death as well. Therefore, both astrocytoma and neuroblastoma cell lines undergo apoptotic death following the combined treatment with deoxycoformycin and deoxyadenosine, but several differences have been found in the mode of action, possibly reflecting a different functional and metabolic profile of the two cell lines. Overall this work indicates that the neuroblastoma cell lines, like the line of astrocytic origin, are very sensitive to purine metabolism perturbation thus suggesting new therapeutic approaches to nervous system tumors. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1671–1679, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mitochondrial Inhibitory Factor Protein 1 Functions as an Endogenous Inhibitor for Coupling Factor 6
Authors: Kawai Misato , Osanai Tomohiro , Tanaka Makoto , Magota Koji , Tomita Hirofumi , Okumura Ken 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTCoupling factor 6 (CF6) forces a counter‐clockwise rotation of plasma membrane F1Fo complex unlike a proton‐mediated clockwise rotation in the mitochondria, resulting in ATP hydrolysis, proton import, and apoptosis. Inhibitory peptide 1 (IF1) inhibits a unidirectional counter‐clockwise rotation of F1Fo complex without affecting ATP synthesis by a clockwise rotation. We tested the hypothesis that IF1 may antagonize the biological action of CF6 in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. We generated mature and immature IF1 expression vectors and those labeled with GFP at the C‐terminus. In the immature IF1‐GFP overexpressing cells, the mitochondrial network of IF1‐GFP was newly found at the plasma membrane after peripheral translocation, whereas in mature IF1‐GFP transfected cells, a less punctuate rather homogenous pattern was found in the cytoplasm. IF1 protein was detected in the exosome fraction of culture media, and it was enhanced by mature or immature IF1 transfection. Extracellular ATP hydrolysis was enhanced by CF6, whereas immature or mature IF1 transfection suppressed ATP hydrolysis in response to CF6. Intracellular pH was decreased by CF6 but was unchanged after immature IF1 transfection. CF6‐induced increase in apoptotic cells was blocked by immature or mature IF1, being accompanied by protein kinase B (PKB) phosphorylation. IF1 antagonizes the pro‐apoptotic action of CF6 by relief of intracellular acidification and resultant phosphorylation of PKB. Given the widespread biological actions of CF6, the physiological and pathological functions of IF1 may be expected to be complex. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1680–1687, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Purification of α‐glucosidase from mouse intestine by countercurrent chromatography coupled with a reverse micelle solvent system
Authors: He Kai , Zou Zongyao , Hu Yinran , Yang Yong , Xiao Yubo , Gao Pincao , Li Xuegang , Ye Xiaoli 
Published: December 2015

Countercurrent chromatography coupled with a reverse micelle solvent was applied to separate α‐glucosidase, which is stable at pH 6.0–8.8, 15–50°C. The separation conditions are as follows: stationary phase: pH 4.0 Tris–HCl buffer phase containing 50 mM Tris–HCl and 50 mM KCl; mobile phase A: isooctane containing 50 mM anionic surfactant sodium di(2‐ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate; mobile phase B: 50 mM Tris–HCl buffer containing 500 mM KCl (pH 8.0); In total, 25 mL (23.9 mg) crude enzyme was injected through the injection valve, the enzymatic reaction and sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis results imply that the activity of purified α‐glucosidase is 6.63‐fold higher than that of the crude enzyme. Therefore, countercurrent chromatography coupled with a reverse micelle solvent is capable for protein separation and enrichment.
Mid1/Mid2 expression in craniofacial development and a literature review of X‐linked Opitz syndrome
Authors: Li Bijun , Zhou Tianhong , Zou Yi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundOpitz syndrome (OS) is a genetic disorder that affects mainly the development of midline structures, including the craniofacial region, embryonic heart, and urogenital system. The manifestations of X‐linked OS are believed to be results of a malfunctioned gene, MID1, whose product has been shown to have ubiquitin E3 ligase activity and regulate the turnover of microtubular protein phosphatase 2Ac. MID2, a homolog of MID1, shares high structural and functional similarities with MID1. Identification of a missense mutation in MID2 in an Indian family causing overlapping phenotypes with OS provided the first evidence that MID2 might be involved in similar pathogenesis.MethodsThe clinic features and the genetic findings of all reported X‐linked OS were collectively summarized in this research. Real‐time RT‐PCR and in situ hybridization were used in the expression studies of Mid1/Mid2 in mouse embryos.ResultsUp‐to‐date, 88 different mutations have been identified in MID1 and most mutations occurred on the conserved amino acids of MID1 and MID2. Expression studies using real‐time RT‐PCR implicated a tendency of a mutually repressive expression pattern between Mid1 and Mid2 in mouse embryos. Further investigations using in situ hybridization revealed strong expressions of Mid1 and Mid2 in the epithelium of approaching facial prominences and downregulated expressions after fusion in mouse embryos.ConclusionsOur results support the hypothesis of functional redundancy of Mid1/Mid2 and their potential roles in regulating tissue remodelling in early development.
Stimulated jitter analysis for the evaluation of neuromuscular junction disorders in children
Authors: Verma Sumit , Lin Jenny 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTIntroductionStimulated jitter analysis (stim‐JA) using a concentric needle electrode is a technique used to study the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) without voluntary activation. Our objective was to study the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and feasibility of stim‐JA in infants and children with suspected NMJ defects.MethodsSixteen infants and young children ages 2 months to 17 years with suspected NMJ disorders were evaluated using stim‐JA over a period of 12 months.ResultsSubjects with suspected NMJ defects and abnormal stim‐JA subsequently had laboratory confirmation of myasthenia gravis (n = 5) and infant botulism (n = 2). Turnaround time for confirmatory laboratory tests was 6.0 ± 4.3 days, whereas stim‐JA results were available immediately. All subjects tolerated stim‐JA well without complications or need for sedation.ConclusionsStim‐JA is a sensitive and safe first‐line diagnostic test for evaluation of suspected pediatric NMJ disorders. Stim‐JA results precede assay results and may guide early treatment. Muscle Nerve 53: 471–472, 2016
Decreased thickness of the lower trapezius muscle in patients with unilateral neck pain
Authors: Uthaikhup Sureeporn , Pensri Chalomjai , Kawsoiy Kanokon 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTIntroductionThickness of the lower trapezius muscle in patients with neck pain has not been established. We examined the thickness of the lower trapezius muscle in patients with and without unilateral neck pain.MethodsTwenty women with unilateral (right) neck pain and 20 matched controls participated in the study. Thickness of the lower trapezius muscles was measured bilaterally at rest (0 ° and 120 ° of shoulder abduction) and during contraction (120 ° of shoulder abduction) using ultrasound imaging.ResultsThe neck pain group had smaller thickness of the lower trapezius muscle on the painful side compared with controls both at rest and during contraction (P < 0.05). However, the percentage change in the lower trapezius thickness from rest to contraction (120 ° of shoulder abduction) was not different between groups (P > 0.05).ConclusionsPatients with neck pain had smaller thickness of the lower trapezius muscle on the painful side compared with healthy controls. Muscle Nerve 54: 439–443, 2016
Responses of the two‐spotted oak buprestid, Agrilus biguttatus (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), to host tree volatiles
Authors: Vuts József , Woodcock Christine M , Sumner Mary E , Caulfield John C , Reed Katy , Inward Daegan JG , Leather Simon R , Pickett John A , Birkett Michael A , Denman Sandra 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDAgrilus bigutattus (Fabricius) is a forest pest of increasing importance in the United Kingdom. The larvae damage weakened native oaks and are thought to contribute to premature tree death. Suspected links with acute oak decline (AOD) are not yet confirmed, but AOD‐predisposed trees appear to become more susceptible to A. biguttatus attack. Thus, management may be necessary for control of this insect. To explore the possibility of monitoring beetle populations by baited traps, the host tree volatiles regulating A. biguttatus–oak interactions were studied.RESULTSBiologically active volatile organic compounds in dynamic headspace extracts of oak foliage and bark were identified initially by coupled gas chromatography–electroantennography (GC‐EAG) and GC–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS), and the structures were confirmed by GC coinjection with authentic compounds. Of two synthetic blends of these compounds comprising the active leaf volatiles, the simpler one containing three components evoked strongly positive behavioural responses in four‐arm olfactometer tests with virgin females and males, although fresh leaf material was more efficient than the blend. The other blend, comprising a five‐component mixture made up of bark volatiles, proved to be as behaviourally active for gravid females as bark tissue.CONCLUSIONSThese initial results on A. biguttatus chemical ecology reveal aspects of the role of attractive tree volatiles in the host‐finding of beetles and underpin the development of semiochemically based surveillance strategies for this forest insect. © 2015 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
The potential and prospects of proximal remote sensing of arthropod pests
Authors: Nansen Christian 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBench‐top or proximal remote sensing applications are widely used as part of quality control and machine vision systems in commercial operations. In addition, these technologies are becoming increasingly important in insect systematics and studies of insect physiology and pest management. This paper provides a review and discussion of how proximal remote sensing may contribute valuable quantitative information regarding identification of species, assessment of insect responses to insecticides, insect host responses to parasitoids and performance of biological control agents. The future role of proximal remote sensing is discussed as an exciting path for novel paths of multidisciplinary research among entomologists and scientists from a wide range of other disciplines, including image processing engineers, medical engineers, research pharmacists and computer scientists. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Structure and composition of non‐polar (11‐20) InGaN nanorings grown by modified droplet epitaxy
Authors: Springbett Helen , Griffiths James , Ren Christopher , O'Hanlon Tom , Barnard Jonathan , Sahonta Suman‐Lata , Zhu Tongtong , Oliver Rachel 
Published: December 2015

Droplets grown by modified droplet epitaxy on non‐polar (11‐20) surfaces of InGaN epilayers on GaN have been seen to be associated with underlying ring‐like structures. This work discusses droplet etching as a possible mechanism for ring formation, and droplet creeping as a possible explanation for the droplets sitting askew of the ring centre. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis shows the droplets to move along the c‐axis, and indicates that they have a very high indium content.The image shows atomic force microscopy (AFM) data of a double‐ring structure, rendered in 3D.
Implantation of SphinKeeperTM: a new artificial anal sphincter
Authors: Ratto C. , Donisi L. , Litta F. , Campennì P. , Parello A. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Introduction
A new artificial anal sphincter, SphinKeeperTM, was devised with the aim to treat fecal incontinence (FI) by implanting specifically designed self-expandable prostheses into the intersphincteric space. Preliminary data concerning the procedure feasibility and prosthesis localization at 3 months are presented.

Methods
SphinKeeperTM prostheses in the native state are dehydrated, thin, solid cylinder (length 29 mm, diameter 3 mm), changing their state (shorter—length 23 mm, thicker—diameter 7 mm—and softer, with shape memory) within 48 h of contact with fluids. In this study, 10 prostheses were implanted in each patient with FI under local anesthesia and under endoanal ultrasound (EAUS) guidance, into the upper-middle intersphincteric space of the anal canal by a specifically designed delivery system. EAUS was used postoperatively to assess prostheses dislocation.

Results
Ten patients (5 females; median age 58 years, range 20–75) were enrolled and treated with SphinKeeperTM implantation. Median duration of procedure (performed by endoanal ultrasound guidance) was 40 min (range 30–45). Neither intraoperative nor postoperative complications were reported after a 3-month follow-up. In one patient, a partial dislocation of a single prosthesis was documented by EAUS, causing anal discomfort which resolved after 1 week.

Conclusion
SphinKeeperTM can be safely implanted in patients with FI of different etiology. Implantation was well tolerated with no dislodgment of implants at 3-month follow-up.
Plant Cytosolic Acyl‐CoA‐Binding Proteins
Authors: Ye Zi‐Wei , Chye Mee‐Len 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA gene family encoding six members of acyl‐CoA‐binding proteins (ACBP) exists in Arabidopsis and they are designated as AtACBP1–AtACBP6. They have been observed to play pivotal roles in plant lipid metabolism, consistent to the abilities of recombinant AtACBP in binding different medium‐ and long‐chain acyl‐CoA esters in vitro. While AtACBP1 and AtACBP2 are membrane‐associated proteins with ankyrin repeats and AtACBP3 contains a signaling peptide for targeting to the apoplast, AtACBP4, AtACBP5 and AtACBP6 represent the cytosolic forms in the AtACBP family. They were verified to be subcellularly localized in the cytosol using diverse experimental methods, including cell fractionation followed by western blot analysis, immunoelectron microscopy and confocal laser‐scanning microscopy using autofluorescence‐tagged fusions. AtACBP4 (73.2 kDa) and AtACBP5 (70.1 kDa) are the largest, while AtACBP6 (10.4 kDa) is the smallest. Their binding affinities to oleoyl‐CoA esters suggested that they can potentially transfer oleoyl‐CoA esters from the plastids to the endoplasmic reticulum, facilitating the subsequent biosynthesis of non‐plastidial membrane lipids in Arabidopsis. Recent studies on ACBP, extended from a dicot (Arabidopsis) to a monocot, revealed that six ACBP are also encoded in rice (Oryza sativa). Interestingly, three small rice ACBP (OsACBP1, OsACBP2 and OsACBP3) are present in the cytosol in comparison to one (AtACBP6) in Arabidopsis. In this review, the combinatory and distinct roles of the cytosolic AtACBP are discussed, including their functions in pollen and seed development, light‐dependent regulation and substrate affinities to acyl‐CoA esters.