bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentiating Aging Among Adults With Down Syndrome and Comorbid Dementia or Psychopathology
Authors: Esbensen Anna J. , Johnson Emily Boshkoff , Amaral Joseph L. , Tan Christine M. , Macks Ryan 
Published: December 2015

AbstractDifferences were examined between three groups of adults with Down syndrome in their behavioral presentation, social life/activities, health, and support needs. We compared those with comorbid dementia, with comorbid psychopathology, and with no comorbid conditions. Adults with comorbid dementia were more likely to be older, have lower functional abilities, have worse health and more health conditions, and need more support in self-care. Adults with comorbid psychopathology were more likely to exhibit more behavior problems and to be living at home with their families. Adults with no comorbidities were most likely to be involved in community employment. Differences in behavioral presentation can help facilitate clinical diagnoses in aging in Down syndrome, and implications for differential diagnosis and service supports are discussed.
Children With Autism Show Reduced Information Seeking When Learning New Tasks
Authors: Young Nicole , Hudry Kristelle , Trembath David , Vivanti Giacomo 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Information-seeking behaviours occur when children look to adults in order to gain further information about a novel stimulus/situation. The current study investigated information seeking in children with developmental delays (DD) and those with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) during a simulated teaching situation. Twenty preschool-aged children with ASD and 15 children with DD were exposed to a series of videos where a teacher provided novel instructions and demonstrated novel actions. We found that children with DD, but not those with ASD, demonstrated information-seeking behaviours in response to instructions that exceeded their level of understanding. This suggests that children with DD may use information-seeking behaviours to compensate for their cognitive and language difficulties when novel actions are being taught, while the same is not true for children with ASD.
Impactos de investimentos em infraestruturas rodoviárias sobre o desenvolvimento regional no Brasil - possibilidades e limitações
Authors: Andrade Mauricio Oliveira , Maia Maria Leonor Alves , Lima Neto Oswaldo Cavalcanti da Costa 
Published: December 2015

<p>Este artigo objetiva analisar as possibilidades e as limitações dos impactos produzidos por investimentos em infraestruturas rodoviárias sobre o crescimento econômico em nível local e regional. A discussão está apoiada em conceitos e experiências relatadas na literatura sobre as relações entre infraestruturas de transportes rodoviários e a dinâmica econômica regional, sob a ótica da economia espacial, mais especificamente sobre a teoria da decisão da localização de empresas; e sob a abordagem da economia dos transportes, que relaciona o tráfego gerado e induzido com as atividades econômicas. Como objeto empírico foram analisados os resultados, em nível regional, dos efeitos da duplicação da BR-232-PE, trecho Recife-São Caetano com 150 km de extensão, aberta ao tráfego em 2004, com período de avaliação até o final de 2010. As conclusões enfatizam a capacidade das infraestruturas rodoviárias em impactar positivamente na região diretamente beneficiada com relação ao crescimento da produção agregada, à geração de empregos, à abertura de novas empresas e ao crescimento da massa salarial. No entanto, observa-se também, que este projeto não foi capaz de: (i) produzir um crescimento equilibrado na região; (ii) alterar as relações hierárquicas entre as cidades; (iii) estimular a distribuição da renda; e (iv) ajudar a promover a sustentabilidade fiscal no nível das finanças públicas dos municípios beneficiados. </p>
Avaliação dos aeroportos das cidades-sedes da Copa de 2014 através do método AHP
Authors: Feuser Fernandes Helen , Carvalho Hadassa Pereira de , Alves Cláudio Jorge Pinto , Correia Anderson Ribeiro 
Published: December 2015

<p>Esse estudo busca apresentar um método de classificação dos aeroportos das cidades-sedes da Copa de 2014, de acordo com critérios prioritários na opinião dos passageiros. O intuito é contribuir com as autoridades aeroportuárias, a fim de identificar oportunidades de melhoria e gargalos operacionais. Para isso foram utilizados dois levantamentos de opinião dos passageiros: um desenvolvido pelo Ministério da Aviação Civil no Brasil em 2013, que foi aplicado em 12 aeroportos internacionais, e uma pesquisa desenvolvida em um grande aeroporto internacional no Brasil, que foi aplicado para obter os pesos de relevância de instalações. O Processo de Análise Hierárquica (AHP) foi utilizado para consolidar os resultados destas duas pesquisas, fornecendo um índice de qualidade global para cada um dos aeroportos pesquisados. Os resultados indicam que o Aeroporto de Curitiba possui a melhor infraestrutura dentre os aeroportos analisados, e que o Aeroporto de Manaus é o que necessita de mais adequações. </p>
Fish and amphibians as bat predators
Authors: Mikula Peter 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAlthough bats (Chiroptera) belong to the most diverse mammalian orders, study of diversity of their natural predators has been seriously neglected for a long time. While some recent reviews contain comprehensive overviews of our recent knowledge on these phenomena for some animal groups, such work is still lacking for anamniotes - fishes and amphibians. Here, I am summarising bat predation incidences by anamniotes that were published in scientific journals and public web domains. I found out that at least 14 species of fishes and 14 species of frogs were observed as feeding on bats. Moreover, 7 and 16 species of bats were recorded as victims of hunting activity of fishes and frogs, respectively. Majority of localised incidences came from the New World; frog (between latitude 49°N to 28°S) attacks were distributed mainly in tropical or subtropical areas < 30° from equator (70% of all records), fish (44°N to 20°S) incidences reach same proportion in colder areas (> 30° from equator) and warmer areas. In some cases, these predators can regularly feed on bats, especially when hunting near roosting places of bats; however, with respect to number of recorded cases (21 for fishes and 37 for amphibians), bat predation by anamniotes seems to be very rare and opportunistic with only very limited influence on bat populations or their behaviour.
Discrimination Revised: Reviewing the Relationship between Social Groups, Disparate Treatment, and Disparate Impact
Authors: Cook Ryan 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIt is usually accepted that whether or not indirect discrimination is a form of immoral discrimination, it appears to be structurally different from direct discrimination. First, it seems that either one involves the agent focusing on different things while making a decision. Second, it seems that the victim’s group membership is relevant to the outcomes of either sort of action in different ways. In virtue of these two facts, it is usually concluded that indirect discrimination is structurally different from direct discrimination. I argue against the notion that indirect discrimination and direct discrimination have significantly different structures. I first argue that both kinds of discrimination involve similar decision-making processes. Second, I analyze how being in a social group affects personal identity, and from there argue that indirect discrimination and direct discrimination are about group membership similarly. In virtue of these two arguments, I conclude that direct and indirect discrimination are structurally similar.
A Study of a Logistics Transport Chain in the Transport of Selected Commodity from Eastern Europe to China
Authors:   Department of Transport and Logistics, Institute of Technology and Business České Budějovice, Czech Republic, Buková Bibiána , Brumerčíková Eva , Kolářová Pavlína 
Published: December 2015

This article deals with a model of a logistics transport chain, which is the result of research for customers of selected commodities. Mineral water producers use sea transport for transporting their products to China nowadays. The Institute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice and the University of Žilina were asked to propose a new optimized logistics chain employing combined transport consisting of road and railway transport.
What Can Happen When Business And Language Faculty Cooperate Across An Ocean
Authors: Bryant Michael , Karney Dennis , Vigier Mary 
Published: December 2015

Management schools are expected to educate future professionals with the necessary skills to operate successfully in a global business environment. In this paper, the authors analyze and reflect on an experiment in interdisciplinary cooperation undertaken by business faculty at a US university and language faculty at a French School of Management. The common focus of this project has been on experiential skills development of future managers through the integration of business content, culture and language. The findings point to the crucial role that faculty play in facilitating the internationalization of the learning experience for business students.
A Generalized Rheological Model for Drilling Fluids With Cubic Splines
Authors: Bui Binh T. , Tutuncu Azra N. 
Published: December 2015

SummaryIn drilling-fluid rheological characterization and hydraulics modeling, selecting a proper rheological model and obtaining rheological parameters with viscometers are critically important. Bingham plastic, power law, and yield power law are the most commonly used standard models for drilling-fluid rheology because they are mathematically simple to use. However, because of the complex nature of drilling fluids, these models do not often fit well to the rheological data. This leads to a significant error in drilling-fluid hydraulics modeling. While searching for models that are based on the physical interaction between the various components of the drilling fluid, it is very practical to find simple mathematical functions that best fit to any experimental data obtained from field viscometers. This will improve the accuracy of hydraulics modeling—in particular, for time-dependent drilling fluids.In this research, cubic splines were used to fit the experimental data obtained from field viscometers. A generalized hydraulics model is presented to calculate pressure drop in pipe and concentric annulus with detailed sample calculations. A numerical simulator was also developed to assist the calculations. The results obtained from the model were validated with experimental data to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model.One can implement the model introduced in this paper for any fluids. The main advantage of the model is that it can capture all the complex rheological response of the fluid. Hence, all readings obtained from the viscometers can provide valuable input for the hydraulic model. Also, the numerical solution is stable and straightforward to implement. The model provides drilling engineers a simple and powerful method to accurately predict the pressure distribution along the wellbore. This is highly important in drilling-fluid hydraulics-program optimization and well-control operation, especially in deepwater and Arctic environments.
Use of Microencapsulated Phase-Change Materials To Regulate the Temperature of Oilwell Cement
Authors: Pang Xueyu , Jimenez Walmy Cuello , Goel Vivek 
Published: December 2015

Summary
During the cementing operations of oil wells, there are many situations in which it is crucial to regulate the temperature of the cement slurry during and after its placement. Limiting the temperature rise of cement-based composite materials was traditionally achieved by reducing the heat of hydration of the composite (e.g., through the use of supplementary cementitious materials or inert filling materials). However, the total amount of heat generated by a cement composite is primarily determined by the hydration extent of the cement that has a strong correlation with the composite's strength development. Reducing the heat of hydration of oilwell cement through chemical means typically results in lower strength of the material, especially during early ages.
This study investigates the application of a novel material—namely, microencapsulated phase-change material (MPCM)—to regulate the temperature of oilwell cement with a physical method. The MPCM acts as an energy-storage medium that absorbs heat when the temperature of the cement reaches the melting point of the phase-change material (PCM), and releases heat when the temperature drops below its freezing/crystallization point. The solid polymer shell that encapsulates the PCM prevents the melted material from chemically interacting with the cement matrix. Hence, the strength development of the cement matrix is largely unaffected. Moreover, the set cement composite appears to be more elastic and less brittle because of the addition of the MPCM, which is beneficial to the long-term integrity of the cement.
During this study, the heat evolution of cement slurries was investigated by both isothermal calorimetry and semiadiabatic tests. A similar amount of heat was generated by most slurries, as shown by isothermal calorimetry tests. However, results from semiadiabatic tests and compressive-strength tests show that the slurry prepared with MPCM in a solid state exhibited least temperature rise and optimal mechanical properties (high strength and high-strain capacity), which can be attributed to desirable properties of the PCM including high latent heat and low Young's modulus.
Assessment of Iron Deficiency and Anemia in Pregnant Women: An Observational French Study
Authors: Harvey Thierry , Zkik Asmaa , Auges Marie , Clavel Thierry 
Published: December 2015

Aim: We explored the prevalence and management of iron deficiency and anemia among pregnant women in France. Patients & methods: In this prospective, observational, multicenter registry study, randomly selected investigators (gynecologists/obstetricians/midwives registered in the CEGEDIM® database) assessed pregnant women presenting for a consultation. Participants completed a questionnaire at study inclusion. Results: A total of 1506 patients were enrolled by 95 investigators. Overall, investigators estimated a moderate or significant risk of iron deficiency in almost 60% of women. The overall prevalence of anemia (15.8%) increased with longer pregnancy duration. Medication (mainly iron-based) was prescribed to 57.3% of patients. Conclusion: In French clinical practice, the estimated risk of iron deficiency and prevalence of anemia during pregnancy align with expectations and are managed according to national/international recommendations.
Antimalarial efficacy of nine medicinal plants traditionally used by the Karens of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
Authors: Chander M. Punnam , Pillai C. R. , Vijayachari P. 
Published: December 2015

<p class="Abstract">The aim of this study was to assess the antimalarial activity of nine medicinal plants used by Karens of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, against <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> chloroquine-sensitive MRC-2 isolate. The methanol extracts were obtained by cold percolation method and<em> in vitro</em> antimalarial activity was assessed using M-III method. The results indicated that out of nine plant species tested, four plants, viz., <em>Z. spectabilis, S. wallichiana, C. pulcherrima</em> and <em>Amomum</em> sp. demonstrated significant antimalarial activity (50% inhibitory concentration values were 5.5 ± 0.7, 12.0 ± 2.5, 14.6 ± 1.3 and 37.3 ± 2.5 μg/mL respectively) with no toxicity effect on erythrocytes.</p><p> </p>
MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTHS IN PHOTODISSOCIATION REGIONS
Authors: Balser Dana S. , Roshi D. Anish , Jeyakumar S. , Bania T. M. , Montet Benjamin T. , Shitanishi J. A. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
We measure carbon radio recombination line (RRL) emission at 5.3

toward four H ii regions with the Green Bank Telescope to determine the magnetic field strength in the photodissociation region (PDR) that surrounds the ionized gas. Roshi suggests that the non-thermal line widths of carbon RRLs from PDRs are predominantly due to magneto-hydrodynamic waves, thus allowing the magnetic field strength to be derived. We model the PDR with a simple geometry and perform the non-LTE radiative transfer of the carbon RRL emission to solve for the PDR physical properties. Using the PDR mass density from these models and the carbon RRL non-thermal line width we estimate total magnetic field strengths of

in W3 and NGC 6334A. Our results for W49 and NGC 6334D are less well constrained with total magnetic field strengths between

. H i and OH Zeeman measurements of the line of sight magnetic field strength (

), taken from the literature, are between a factor of

of the lower bound of our carbon RRL magnetic field strength estimates. Since

, our results are consistent with the magnetic origin of the non-thermal component of carbon RRL widths.
Handicap, une encyclopédie des savoirs
Authors: Couly Gérard , Levaillant Jean-Marc 
Published: December 2015

La réflexion relative aux déficiences et au handicap susceptible d’en découler est demeurée, jusqu’à une période très récente, hors du champ de l’obstétrique, avant tout art de l’accouchement. Depuis quelques decennies, on assiste à un bouleversement : l’examen fœtal, jusqu’alors « immédiat », devient « médiat », grâce à l’utilisation de l’échographe et de ses avatars technologiques. Des appareils toujours plus performants permettent de « voir » le fœtus, de mieux en mieux et de plus en plus précocément. Cette irruption de l’échographie dans la science fœtologique impose aujourd’hui à l’obstétrique la prise en compte des questions liées aux déficiences, et au handicap éventuellement consécutif. Les anomalies morphologiques étant pour la plupart découvertes et objectivées lors des examens échographiques, comment, par exemple, les dysmorphies du visage de l’enfant à naître sont-elles annoncées et vécues ?
Les Polonais : citoyens des Etats belligérants
Authors: Schramm Tomasz 
Published: December 2015

Les Polonais sont entrés dans la Grande Guerre comme citoyens des États belligérants. Le déclenchement des hostilités a influé sur leur situation précédente. Appelés sous les drapeaux, ils ont répondu dans une très grande majorité, quoique les raisons qui déterminaient leur attitude ne fussent pas les mêmes dans les différents tronçons de la Pologne partagée. La suite des événements a apporté l’avance russe en Galicie et l’occupation de cette province en 1914-1915, ensuite l’occupation de la « Pologne russe » par l’Allemagne et l’Autriche-Hongrie. Tant l’une que l’autre des occupations influait sur la situation des habitants de ces territoires, surtout en fonction des futurs projets des belligérants. Dans les années 1916-1918 la perspective de la reconstitution de la Pologne se dessinait de plus en plus visiblement. En conséquence, l’érosion du lien civique avec les puissances copartageantes allait tout naturellement de pair avec le développement progressif de l’identification avec le futur État polonais.
Le début de la guerre terroriste en Algérie, les attentats de la toussaint, 1954
Authors: Valette Jacques 
Published: December 2015

La guerre d’Algérie qui allait durer sept ans a commencé par des attentats peu dangereux. Ainsi apparaissait une nouvelle forme de guerre : la guerre terroriste annoncée depuis des années par les propagandistes du parti nationaliste algérien, présidé par Messali. Quelques membres appartenant à la branche secrète de ce parti, l’organisation spéciale avait préparé cette révolte dont les Services secrets français ignorèrent la date et les chefs
The Antibiotic Polymyxin B Impairs the Interactions between Shiga Toxins and Human Neutrophils
Authors: Carnicelli Domenica , Arfilli Valentina , Ricci Francesca , Velati Claudio , Tazzari Pier Luigi , Brigotti Maurizio 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is the life-threatenig sequela of intestinal infections by Shiga toxin (Stx)–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in children. Human neutrophils specifically bind Stx through TLR4, the receptor of LPS. The binding could be considered protective (Stx sequestration) or harmful (toxin delivery to target organs). The amount of Stx on neutrophils is in equilibrium with the amount of Stx present in the gut, and it is also related to renal and neurologic symptoms. The TLR4-mediated interaction of LPS with innate immune cells is hampered by the well-known antibiotic polymyxin B. In this study, we show that the same antibiotic impairs the binding of Stx to neutrophils, also blocking their functional effects (release of CXCL8, formation of neutrophil/platelet aggregates) involved in HUS pathogenesis. Controls for contaminating LPS in Stx-induced neutrophil responses inhibited by polymyxin B were performed. Stx interact with human neutrophils through their A chain, since these leukocytes do not express globotriaosylceramide, the specific receptor for Stx B chains. Consistently, polymyxin B blocked the enzymatic activity of Stx1, Stx2, Stx1 A chain, and the analogous plant protein gelonin, whereas the antibiotic did not show any protective effect on Stx-induced cytotoxicity in globotriaosylceramide-expressing Raji cells. Antibiotic administration is not recommended in human STEC infections during the prodromal intestinal phase, and the toxicity of polymyxin B could further discourage its therapeutic use. However, nontoxic, nonbactericidal polymyxin derivatives have been developed and might be used in animal models of STEC infection to study their efficacy in preventing the onset of HUS during the systemic blood phase of Stx.
Cytoplasmic STAT4 Promotes Antiviral Type I IFN Production by Blocking CHIP-Mediated Degradation of RIG-I
Authors: Zhao Kai , Zhang Qian , Li Xia , Zhao Dezhi , Liu Yiqi , Shen Qicong , Yang Mingjin , Wang Chunmei , Li Nan , Cao Xuetao 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Retinoic acid–inducible gene I (RIG-I) signaling is critical to host innate immune response against RNA virus infection. Numerous factors use different mechanisms to regulate RIG-I signaling. In this study, we report that STAT family member STAT4 promotes RIG-I–triggered type I IFN production in antiviral innate immunity. Silencing of STAT4 impaired IFN-β production in macrophages upon RNA virus infection, whereas overexpression of STAT4 enhanced RIG-I–induced IFN-β promoter activation and IFN-stimulated response element activity. Silencing of STAT4 increased degradation of RIG-I. Interestingly, during RNA virus infection STAT4 was found to be constantly present in cytoplasm of macrophages without Tyr693 phosphorylation, which is required for its classical activation and nuclear translocation. Mechanistically, cytoplasmic STAT4 could interact with E3 ligase CHIP and block RIG-I and CHIP association, preventing CHIP-mediated proteasomal degradation of RIG-I via K48-linked ubiquitination. Our study provides a new manner for posttranslational regulation of RIG-I signaling and identifies a previously unknown function of cytoplasm-localized STAT4 in antiviral innate immunity.
p–adic Families of Cohomological Modular Forms for Indefinite Quaternion Algebras and the Jacquet–Langlands Correspondence
Authors: Greenberg Matthew , Seveso Marco 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWe use the method of Ash and Stevens to prove the existence of small slopep-adic families of cohomological modular forms for an indefinite quaternion algebraB. We prove that the Jacquet–Langlands correspondence relating modular forms onand cohomomological modular forms forBis compatible with the formation ofp-adic families. This result is an analogue of a theorem of Chenevier concerning definite quaternion algebras.