bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trilateral Research Association of Sweetpotato (TRAS) Ipomoea. trifida and I. batatas Sequencing and Crop Improvement Efforts
Authors: Isobe Sachiko , Yoon Ung-Han , Cao Qinghe , Kwak Sang-Soo , Tanaka Masaru , Ma Daifu , Liu Qingchang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEast Asia is an important region of sweetpotato production and consumption. To promote exchange among scientists studying sweetpotato in East Asia, the Trilateral Research Association of Sweetpotato (TRAS) was established in 2004 by sweetpotato scientists from China, South Korea, and Japan. The TRASgenome sequencing consortium was formally launched in 2014 and established a haploid-resolved and chromosome-scale de novo assembly of autohexaploid sweetpotato genome sequences. Before constructing the genome, we created chromosome-scale genome sequences in Ipomoea trifida using a highly homozygous accession, ‘Mx23Hm’, with PacBio RSII and Hi-C reads. Haploid-resolved genomeassembly was performed for the sweetpotato (I. batatas) cultivar ‘Xushu 18’ by hybrid assembly with Illumina paired-end (PE) and mate-pair (MP) reads, 10X genomics reads, and PacBio RSII reads. Then, 90 chromosome-scale pseudomolecules were generated by aligning the scaffolds onto a sweetpotato linkage map. In total, 34,386 and 175,633 genes were identified on the assembled nucleic genomesof I. trifida and sweetpotato, respectively. The assembled genome sequences have been used for genetic and RNA-Seq analysis for agronomically important traits. The assembled genome sequences are expected to continue to contribute to genetic and genomic analysis and promote sweetpotato breeding.
New Analytical Tools for Molecular Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci in Sweetpotato
Authors: da Silva Pereira Guilherme , da Silva Carla Cristina , Rosa João Ricardo Bachega Feijó , Sobowale Olusegun Olusesan , de Siqueira Gesteira Gabriel , Mollinari Marcelo , Zeng Zhao-Bang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractQuantitative trait loci(QTL) mapping is an important tool in sweetpotato research, contributing to the understanding of genetic architecture of various traits, including dry matter, nematode resistance, and flesh color. Early QTL work was carried out by using marker information alone via single marker analysis (SMA), or based on parent-specific linkage map using interval mapping (IM), composite interval mapping (CIM), and multiple interval mapping (MIM). Initially developed for inbred diploid species populations, these methods did not fully consider the complex autopolyploid, outcrossing nature of sweetpotato. Technological and methodological advances made it possible to obtain integrated, fully phased genetic maps for the crop. A random-effect MIM approach that leverages identity-by-descent based on QTL genotype conditional probabilities has been employed since with increasing power and resolution. To illustrate QTL identification in sweetpotato, we used publicly available data from ‘Beauregard’ × ‘Tanzania’ full-sib family ($$N = 315$$

N
=
315

) evaluated for flesh color in Peru. Several methods were able to detect two QTL on chromosomes 3 and 12 each for this trait in the same genomic regions. Despite the importance of such methods, there is need to extend existing models to account for multi-trait or multi-environment data and to evaluate their application in genomic-enabled prediction.
Genomic-Assisted Nutritional and Quality Breeding Efforts in Sweetpotato
Authors: Ssali Reuben Tendo , Oloka Bonny Michael , Amankwaah Victor A. , Yada Benard , Carey Edward , Yencho G. Craig 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSweetpotato, Ipomoea Batatas L., is widely considered as a staple food in many developing countries especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It has storage roots that are rich in starch, micronutrients (especially Fe and Zn), and vitamins A and C. Partly due to its polyploidy, heterogeneity and outcrossing nature, it can be cultivated in a wide range of environments. Sweetpotato additionally comes in a variety textures, colors, flavors, and nutritional profiles thus appealing to many different groups of people. Conventional breeding of sweetpotato to improve nutritional and quality traits has only been moderately successful over the years due to several factors. This is manly true in areas like SSA which are characterized by low adoption of high β-carotene orange-flesh types. The biggest challenge has been to understand, measure and combine cultural preferences for taste and quality with nutritional components. In this work, we look at efforts to measure quality preferences, and accelerate the breeding process of sweetpotato by tapping into new breeding technologies and genomic-assisted breeding approaches.
Constraining |Vcs| and physics beyond the Standard Model from exclusive (semi)leptonic charm decays
Authors: Bolognani Carolina , Reboud Méril , van Dyk Danny , Vos K. Keri 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We study the available data on exclusive leptonic and semileptonic c → sℓ+ν decays within the Standard Model and beyond. Our analysis accounts for theory correlations between the relevant hadronic matrix elements through application of dispersive bounds. We find that, within a global analysis, the dispersive bounds are generally well respected and only mildly affect the extraction of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix element |Vcs|. Assuming Standard Model dynamics, we obtain$$ \left|{V}_{cs}\right|=0.957\pm 0.003, $$

V
cs

=
0.957
±
0.003
,
which is compatible with the HFLAV/PDG reference value |Vcs| = 0.975 ± 0.006 at the 2.7σ level. Our findings lead to significant deficits in the second-row and second-column unitarity relations of the CKM matrix. Allowing for beyond the SM contributions in the Weak Effective Theory, we find very strong constraints on potential (pseudo)scalar and tensor effects. However, the data still permits sizeable CP-violating right-handed currents.
Neutrino masses in the mirror twin Higgs with spontaneous ℤ2 breaking
Authors: Bittar Pedro , Costa Davi B. , Burdman Gustavo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We introduce a mirror twin Higgs model with spontaneous ℤ2 symmetry breaking that ameliorates the constraints in twin Higgs cosmology and, at the same time, generates the Standard Model neutrino masses. The model features an SU(2) triplet with hypercharge 1 alongside its twin counterpart. Spontaneous breaking of both ℤ2 and electroweak symmetry occurs in the scalar sector. The Standard Model neutrinos acquire small masses through the type-II seesaw mechanism. In contrast, their twin counterparts acquire large masses, effectively addressing the dark radiation problem in mirror twin Higgs scenarios. We study the impact of the model on the Neff. constraints, as well as on collider phenomenology.
Radiation in holography
Authors: Ciambelli Luca , Pasterski Sabrina , Tabor Elisa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We show how to encode the radiative degrees of freedom in 4-dimensional asymptotically AdS spacetimes, using the boundary Cotton and stress tensors. Background radiation leads to a reduction of the asymptotic symmetry group, in contrast to asymptotically flat spacetimes, where a non-vanishing news tensor does not restrict the asymptotic symmetries. Null gauges, such as Λ-BMS, provide a framework for AdS spacetimes that include radiation in the flat limit. We use this to check that the flat limit of the radiative data matches the expected definition in intrinsically asymptotically flat spacetimes. We further dimensionally reduce our construction to the celestial sphere, and show how the 2-dimensional celestial currents can be extracted from the 3-dimensional boundary data.
Solving AdS3 string theory at minimal tension: tree-level correlators
Authors: Dei Andrea , Knighton Bob , Naderi Kiarash 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We revisit the minimal tension (k = 1) string theory on AdS3 × S3 × 𝕋4. We propose a new free-field description of the worldsheet theory and show how localization of string amplitudes emerges from the path integral. We exemplify our proposal by reproducing the worldsheet partition function of the $$ \mathfrak{psu} $$
psu
(1, 1|2)1 WZW model and providing explicit expressions for spectrally-flowed vertex operators and DDF operators. We compute string correlators in the path integral formalism and obtain a precise tree-level match with correlation functions of the boundary symmetric orbifold.
Thermal production of astrophobic axions
Authors: Badziak Marcin , Harigaya Keisuke , Łukawski Michał , Ziegler Robert 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Hot axions are produced in the early Universe via their interactions with Standard Model particles, contributing to dark radiation commonly parameterized as ∆Neff. In standard QCD axion benchmark models, this contribution to ∆Neff is negligible after taking into account astrophysical limits such as the SN1987A bound. We therefore compute the axion contribution to ∆Neff in so-called astrophobic axion models characterized by strongly suppressed axion couplings to nucleons and electrons, in which astrophysical constraints are relaxed and ∆Neff may be sizable. We also construct new astrophobic models in which axion couplings to photons and/or muons are suppressed as well, allowing for axion masses as large as few eV. Most astrophobic models are within the reach of CMB-S4, while some allow for ∆Neff as large as the current upper bound from Planck and thus will be probed by the Simons Observatory. The majority of astrophobic axion models predicting large ∆Neff is also within the reach of IAXO or even BabyIAXO.
A light QCD axion with hilltop misalignment
Authors: Co Raymond T. , Gherghetta Tony , Liu Zhen , Lyu Kun-Feng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We study the cosmological evolution of a light QCD axion and identify the parameter space to obtain the correct relic dark matter abundance. The axion potential is flattened at the origin, corresponding to the only minimum, while it is unsuppressed at π. These potential features arise by assuming a mirror sector with the strong CP phase $$ \overline{\theta} $$

θ
¯

shifted by π compared to the SM sector, which allows the mirror axion potential to be tuned against the usual QCD axion potential. Before the QCD phase transition, assuming the mirror sector is decoupled and much colder than the SM thermal bath, the mirror sector potential dominates, causing the axion to initially roll to a temporary minimum at π. However, after the QCD phase transition, the potential minimum changes, and the axion relaxes from the newly created “hilltop” near π to the CP-conserving minimum at the origin. As the axion adiabatically tracks this shift in the potential minimum through the QCD phase transition, with non-adiabatic evolution near π and 0, it alters the usual prediction of the dark matter abundance. Consequently, this “hilltop” misalignment mechanism opens new regions of axion parameter space, with the correct relic abundance while still solving the strong CP problem, that could be explored in future experiments.
All-multiplicity amplitudes in impulsive PP-waves from the worldline formalism
Authors: Copinger Patrick , Edwards James P. , Ilderton Anton , Rajeev Karthik 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We use the worldline formalism to derive Bern-Kosower type Master Formulae for the tree-level scattering of a charged particle and an arbitrary number of photons on impulsive PP-waves, where the coupling of the PP-wave to matter is treated fully non-perturbatively. We show that, in a certain kinematic regime characterised by a semi-classical positive energy condition, both off-shell currents and scattering amplitudes exhibit two novel factorisation structures. First, they may be written as currents in vacuum but with a single additional photon, averaged over the momentum of that photon. This converts the all-orders interaction with the PP-wave into a single effective interaction. Second, the currents and amplitudes may be written as a weighted average of the corresponding quantities in an impulsive plane wave background, with the average taken over all possible field strengths of the plane wave. This generalises a known single-photon result to arbitrary multiplicity.
Differential equations for Carrollian amplitudes
Authors: Ruzziconi Romain , Stieberger Stephan , Taylor Tomasz R. , Zhu Bin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Differential equations are powerful tools in the study of correlation functions in conformal field theories (CFTs). Carrollian amplitudes behave as correlation functions of Carrollian CFT that holographically describes asymptotically flat spacetime. We derive linear differential equations satisfied by Carrollian MHV gluon and graviton amplitudes. We obtain non-distributional solutions for both the gluon and graviton cases. We perform various consistency checks for these differential equations, including compatibility with conformal Carrollian symmetries.
Cosmological correlators for Bogoliubov initial states
Authors: Chopping Alistair J. , Sleight Charlotte , Taronna Massimo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We consider late-time correlators in de Sitter (dS) space for initial states related to the Bunch-Davies vacuum by a Bogoliubov transformation. We propose to study such late-time correlators by reformulating them in the familiar language of Witten diagrams in Euclidean anti-de Sitter space (EAdS), showing that they can be perturbatively re-cast in terms of corresponding dS boundary correlators in the Bunch-Davies vacuum and in turn, Witten diagrams in EAdS. Unlike the standard relationship between late-time correlators in the Bunch-Davies vacuum and EAdS Witten diagrams, this involves points on the upper and lower sheet of the EAdS hyperboloid which account for antipodal singularities of the two-point functions. Such Bogoliubov states include an infinite one parameter family of de Sitter invariant vacua as a special case, where the late-time correlators are constrained by conformal Ward identities. In momentum space, it is well known that their late-time correlators exhibit singularities in collinear (“folded”) momentum configurations. We give a position space interpretation of such solutions to the conformal Ward identities, where in embedding space they can be generated from the solution without collinear singularities by application of the antipodal map. We also discuss the operator product expansion (OPE) limit of late-time correlators in a generic dS invariant vacuum. Many results are derived using the Mellin space representation of late-time correlators, which in this work we extend to accommodate generic dS invariant vacua.
A Thin Film Model for Meniscus Evolution
Authors: Ghosh Amrita , Velázquez Juan J. L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we discuss a particular model arising from sinking of a rigid solid into a thin film of liquid, i.e. a liquid contained between two solid surfaces and part of the liquid surface is in contact with the air. The liquid is governed by Navier–Stokes equation, while the contact point, i.e. where the gas, liquid and solid meet, is assumed to be given by a constant, non-zero contact angle. We consider a scaling limit of the liquid thickness (lubrication approximation) and the contact angle between the liquid–solid and the liquid–gas interfaces close to $$\pi $$
π
. This resulting model is a free boundary problem for the equation $$h_t + (h^3h_{xxx})_x = 0$$

h
t

+

(

h
3

h

xxx

)

x

=
0

, for which we have $$h>0$$

h
>
0

at the contact point (different from the usual thin film equation with $$h=0$$

h
=
0

at the contact point). We show that this fourth order quasilinear (non-degenerate) parabolic equation, together with the so-called partial wetting condition at the contact point, is well-posed. Furthermore, the contact point in our thin film equation can actually move, contrary to the classical thin film equation for a droplet arising from the no-slip condition. Additionally, we show the global stability of steady state solutions in a periodic setting.
Numerical Analysis for a Non-isothermal Incompressible Navier–Stokes–Allen–Cahn System
Authors: Rueda-Gómez Diego A. , Rueda-Fernández Elian E. , Villamizar-Roa Élder J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this paper we develop the numerical analysis for a non-isothermal diffuse-interface model, in dimension $$N=2, 3,$$

N
=
2
,
3
,

that describes the movement of a mixture of two incompressible viscous fluids. This model consists of modified Navier–Stokes equations coupled with a phase-field equation given by a convective Allen–Cahn equation, and energy transport equation for the temperature; which admits a dissipative energy inequality. We propose an energy stable numerical scheme based on the Finite Element Method, and we analyze optimal weak and strong error estimates, as well as convergence towards regular solutions. In order to construct the numerical scheme, we introduce two extra variables (given by the gradient of the temperature and the variation of the energy with respect to the phase-field function) which allows us to control the strong regularity required by the model, which is one of the main difficulties appearing from the numerical point of view. Having the equivalent model, we consider a fully discrete Finite Element approximation which is well-posed, energy stable and satisfies a set of uniform estimates which allow to analyze the convergence of the scheme. Finally, we present some numerical simulations to validate numerically our theoretical results.
The Asymptotic Expansion of the Spacetime Metric at the Event Horizon
Authors: Kröncke Klaus , Petersen Oliver 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHawking’s local rigidity theorem, proven in the smooth setting by Alexakis-Ionescu-Klainerman, says that the event horizon of any stationary non-extremal black hole is a non-degenerate Killing horizon. In this paper, we prove that the full asymptotic expansion of any smooth vacuum metric at a non-degenerate Killing horizon is determined by the geometry of the horizon. This gives a new perspective on the black hole uniqueness conjecture. In spacetime dimension 4, we also prove an existence theorem: Given any non-degenerate horizon geometry, Einstein’s vacuum equations can be solved to infinite order at the horizon in a unique way (up to isometry). The latter is a gauge invariant version of Moncrief’s classical existence result, without any restriction on the topology of the horizon. In the real analytic setting, the asymptotic expansion is shown to converge and we get well-posedness of this characteristic Cauchy problem.
A whole-food, plant-based intensive lifestyle intervention improves glycaemic control and reduces medications in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Hanick Cody J. , Peterson Courtney M. , Davis Brenda C. , Sabaté Joan , Kelly John H. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims/hypothesis
We conducted the largest and longest clinical trial comparing a whole-food, plant-based intervention with standard medical care (SMC) in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
We randomised (parallel-arm; computerised 1:1 randomisation ratio) 169 adults aged 18–75 years with type 2 diabetes in the Marshall Islands to an intensive whole-food, plant-based intervention with moderate exercise (PB+Ex) or SMC for 24 weeks. The PB+Ex intervention included 12 weeks of meals, exercise sessions and group classes. Primary outcomes were glycaemic control (HbA1c, glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR) and glucose-lowering medication use. Secondary outcomes included lipids, blood pressure, heart rate and C-reactive protein. Only lab analysts were blinded.

Results
Compared with SMC (n=90 randomised; n=70 analysed), the PB+Ex (n=79 randomised; n=66 analysed) intervention decreased HbA1c by an additional 14 mmol/mol (1.3%) at week 12 (−22 vs −7 mmol/mol [−2.0% vs −0.7%]; p<0.0001) and 8 mmol/mol (0.7%) at week 24 (−16 vs −8 mmol/mol [−1.4% vs −0.7%]; p=0.01). Concomitantly, 63% of medicated PB+Ex participants reduced their glucose-lowering medications (vs 24%; p=0.006), and 23% of PB+Ex participants with a baseline HbA1c <75 mmol/mol (<9%) achieved remission. Additionally, the PB+Ex intervention reduced weight (−2.7 kg; p<0.0001), C-reactive protein (−11 nmol/l; p=0.005) and cardiovascular medication use compared with SMC. At intermediate timepoints, it improved glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, cholesterol, triglycerides and heart rate, but not at week 24.

Conclusions/interpretation
A whole-food, plant-based lifestyle intervention was more effective for improving glycaemic control than SMC. It also reduced the need for diabetes and cardiovascular medications and induced diabetes remission in some participants. Therefore, it is an effective, evidence-based lifestyle option for individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03862963

Funding
This research was funded by the Department of the Army (W81XWH-05-1-0547). CJH received support through a National Institutes of Health Predoctoral T32 Obesity Fellowship (T32 HL105349).

Graphical Abstract
Externally forced blow-up and optimal spaces for source regularity in the two-dimensional Navier–Stokes system
Authors: Winkler Michael 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Navier–Stokes system

$$\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{l} u_t + (u\cdot \nabla ) u =\Delta u+\nabla P + f(x,t), \\ \nabla \cdot u=0, \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}$$

u
t

+

(
u
·
∇
)

u
=
Δ
u
+
∇
P
+
f

(
x
,
t
)

,

∇
·
u
=
0
,

is considered along with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions in a smoothly bounded planar domain

$$\Omega $$

Ω

. It is firstly, inter alia, observed that if

$$T>0$$

T
>
0

and

$$\begin{aligned} \int _0^T \bigg \{ \int _\Omega |f(x,t)| \cdot \ln ^\frac{1}{2} \big (|f(x,t)|+1\big ) dx \bigg \}^2 dt <\infty , \end{aligned}$$

∫
0
T

{

∫
Ω

|
f

(
x
,
t
)

|

·

ln

1
2

(

|
f

(
x
,
t
)

|

+
1

)

d
x

}

2

d
t
<
∞
,

then for all divergence-free

$$u_0\in L^2(\Omega ;{\mathbb {R}}^2)$$

u
0

∈

L
2

(
Ω
;

R

2

)

, a corresponding initial-boundary value problem admits a weak solution u with

$$u|_{t=0}=u_0$$

u
|

t
=
0

=

u
0

. For any positive and nondecreasing

$$L\in C^0([0,\infty ))$$

L
∈

C
0

(

[
0
,
∞
)

)

such that

$$\begin{aligned} \frac{L(\xi )}{\ln ^\frac{1}{2} \xi } \rightarrow 0 \qquad \text{ as } \xi \rightarrow \infty , \end{aligned}$$

L
(
ξ
)

ln

1
2

ξ

→
0

as

ξ
→
∞
,

this is complemented by a statement on nonexistence of such a solution in the presence of smooth initial data and a suitably constructed

$$f:\Omega \times (0,T)\rightarrow {\mathbb {R}}^2$$

f
:
Ω
×

(
0
,
T
)

→

R

2

fulfilling

$$\begin{aligned} \int _0^T \bigg \{ \int _\Omega |f(x,t)| \cdot L\big (|f(x,t)|\big ) dx \bigg \}^2 dt < \infty . \end{aligned}$$

∫
0
T

{

∫
Ω

|
f

(
x
,
t
)

|

·

L

(

|
f

(
x
,
t
)

|

)

d
x

}

2

d
t
<
∞
.

This resolves a fine structure in the borderline case

$$p=1$$

p
=
1

and

$$q=2$$

q
=
2

appearing in results on existence of weak solutions for sources in

$$L^q((0,T);L^p(\Omega ;{\mathbb {R}}^2))$$

L
q

(

(
0
,
T
)

;

L
p

(
Ω
;

R

2

)

)

when

$$p\in (1,\infty ]$$

p
∈
(
1
,
∞
]

and

$$q\in [1,\infty ]$$

q
∈
[
1
,
∞
]

satisfy

$$\frac{1}{p}+\frac{1}{q}\le \frac{3}{2}$$

1
p

+

1
q

≤

3
2

, and on nonexistence if here

$$p\in [1,\infty )$$

p
∈
[
1
,
∞
)

and

$$q\in [1,\infty )$$

q
∈
[
1
,
∞
)

are such that

$$\frac{1}{p}+\frac{1}{q}>\frac{3}{2}$$

1
p

+

1
q

>

3
2

.