bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bottom pressure variability in the Kuroshio Extension driven by the atmosphere and ocean instabilities
Authors: Na Hanna , Watts D. Randolph , Park Jae‐Hun , Jeon Chanhyung , Lee Ho Jin , Nonaka Masami , Greene Andrew D. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe relative importance of atmospheric forcing on oceanic intraseasonal (7–60 days) barotropic variability is investigated in the Kuroshio Extension region by comparing in situ measurements with two models: a wind‐forced barotropic model and an ocean general circulation model. Large‐scale wind stress curl forcing (an atmospheric mode) becomes successively more influential with decreasing periods (at 7–15 day band, compared to 15–30 day and 30–60 day bands). On the other hand, oceanic instabilities (an oceanic mode) become more important with increasing period (at 30–60 day band, compared to 15–30 day and 7–15 day bands). Comparison between the barotropic model and the ocean general circulation model results reveals differences on the broader gyre scale: the atmospheric mode exhibits basin‐mode‐like spatial patterns with faster phase propagation from east to west, whereas the oceanic mode shows eddy‐like spatial patterns with slower westward propagation. The atmospheric mode, which has received less attention on the intraseasonal time scale, contributes an important fraction to the barotropic variability in the Kuroshio Extension region.
Cerebral white matter lesions and post‐thrombolytic remote parenchymal hemorrhage
Authors: Curtze Sami , Putaala Jukka , Sibolt Gerli , Melkas Susanna , Mustanoja Satu , Haapaniemi Elena , Sairanen Tiina , Tiainen Marjaana , Tatlisumak Turgut , Strbian Daniel 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveParenchymal hematoma (PH) following intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in ischemic stroke can occur either within the ischemic area (iPH) or as a remote PH (rPH). The latter could be, at least partly, related to cerebral amyloid angiopathy, which belongs to the continuum of cerebral small vessel disease. We hypothesized that cerebral white matter lesions (WMLs)—an imaging surrogate of small vessel disease—are associated with a higher rate of rPH.MethodsWe analyzed 2,485 consecutive patients treated with IVT at the Helsinki University Hospital. Blennow rating scale of 5 to 6 points on baseline computed tomographic head scans was considered as severe WMLs. An rPH was defined as hemorrhage that—contrary to iPH—appears in brain regions without visible ischemic damage and is clinically not related to the symptomatic acute lesion site. The associations between severe WMLs and pure rPH versus no PH, pure iPH versus no PH, and pure rPH versus pure iPH were studied in multivariate logistic regression models.ResultsrPHs were mostly (74%) located in lobar regions. After adjustments, the presence of severe WMLs was associated with pure rPH (odds ratio [OR] = 6.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.57–17.94) but not with pure iPH (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 0.83–2.53) when compared to patients with no PH. In direct comparison of pure rPH with pure iPH, severe cerebral WMLs were further associated with higher iPH rates (OR = 3.60, 95% CI = 1.06–12.19).InterpretationSevere cerebral WMLs were associated with post‐thrombolytic rPH but not with iPH within the ischemic area. Ann Neurol 2016;80:593–599
Welche Katalysatormetalle sind harmlos, welche giftig? Vergleich der Toxizitäten von Ni‐, Cu‐, Fe‐, Pd‐, Pt‐, Rh‐ und Au‐Salzen
Authors: Egorova Ksenia S. , Ananikov Valentine P. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn diesem Kurzaufsatz haben wir die Umweltprofile häufig verwendeter Übergangsmetalle basierend auf verfügbaren Daten ihrer biologischen Aktivitäten zusammengestellt. Die Analyse dieser Profile deutet darauf hin, dass das Konzept der giftigen Schwermetalle und harmlosen, ungiftigen leichteren Metalle kritisch überdacht werden sollte. Ein Vergleich der toxikologischen Daten legt nahe, dass Palladium‐, Platin‐ und Goldverbindungen, die oft als toxisch angesehen werden, in Wirklichkeit harmloser sein könnten, während Komplexe von Nickel und Kupfer, die typischerweise als umweltschonende (“grüne”) und nachhaltige Alternativen gelten, signifikante Toxizitäten aufweisen können, was zu einem großen Ausmaß auch durch die Löslichkeit in Wasser und biologischen Flüssigkeiten bedingt ist. Die Entwicklung neuer Katalysatoren und neuartiger Anwendungen sollte sich daher nicht ausschließlich an etablierten Konzepten von Giftigkeit/Ungiftigkeit orientieren. Insgesamt scheinen die verfügbaren experimentellen Daten unzureichend, um eine genaue Evaluierung der biologischen Aktivität dieser Metalle und ihrer Modulierung durch die Liganden vornehmen zu können. Ohne gezielte experimentelle Messungen an einem spezifischen Metall/Ligand‐System sollte der Faktor Toxizität nicht als Kriterium für die Beschreibung eines neuen Katalysators herangezogen werden.
The Distribution of Ki‐67 and Doublecortin Immunopositive Cells in the Brains of Three Microchiropteran Species, Hipposideros fuliginosus, Triaenops persicus, and Asellia tridens
Authors: Chawana Richard , Patzke Nina , Alagaili Abdulaziz N. , Bennett Nigel C. , Mohammed Osama B. , Kaswera‐Kyamakya Consolate , Gilissen Emmanuel , Ihunwo Amadi O. , Pettigrew John D. , Manger Paul R. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThis study uses Ki‐67 and doublecortin (DCX) immunohistochemistry to delineate potential neurogenic zones, migratory pathways, and terminal fields associated with adult neurogenesis in the brains of three microchiropterans. As with most mammals studied to date, the canonical subgranular and subventricular neurogenic zones were observed. Distinct labeling of newly born cells and immature neurons within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus was observed in all species. A distinct rostral migratory stream (RMS) that appears to split around the medial aspect of the caudate nucleus was observed. These two rostral stream divisions appear to merge at the rostroventral corner of the caudate nucleus to turn and enter the olfactory bulb, where a large terminal field of immature neurons was observed. DCX immunolabeled neurons were observed mostly in the rostral neocortex, but a potential migratory stream to the neocortex was not identified. A broad swathe of newly born cells and immature neurons was found between the caudoventral division of the RMS and the piriform cortex. In addition, occasional immature neurons were observed in the amygdala and DCX‐immunopositive axons were observed in the anterior commissure. While the majority of these features have been found in several mammal species, the large number of DCX immunolabeled cells found between the RMS and the piriform cortex and the presence of DCX immunostained axons in the anterior commissure are features only observed in microchiropterans and insectivores to date. In the diphyletic scenario of chiropteran evolution, these observations align the microchiropterans with the insectivores. Anat Rec, 299:1548–1560, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Boosted structured additive regression forEscherichia colifed‐batch fermentation modeling
Authors: Melcher Michael , Scharl Theresa , Luchner Markus , Striedner Gerald , Leisch Friedrich 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe quality of biopharmaceuticals and patients' safety are of highest priority and there are tremendous efforts to replace empirical production process designs by knowledge‐based approaches. Main challenge in this context is that real‐time access to process variables related to product quality and quantity is severely limited. To date comprehensive on‐ and offline monitoring platforms are used to generate process data sets that allow for development of mechanistic and/or data driven models for real‐time prediction of these important quantities. Ultimate goal is to implement model based feed‐back control loops that facilitate online control of product quality. In this contribution, we explore structured additive regression (STAR) models in combination with boosting as a variable selection tool for modeling the cell dry mass, product concentration, and optical density on the basis of online available process variables and two‐dimensional fluorescence spectroscopic data. STAR models are powerful extensions of linear models allowing for inclusion of smooth effects or interactions between predictors. Boosting constructs the final model in a stepwise manner and provides a variable importance measure via predictor selection frequencies. Our results show that the cell dry mass can be modeled with a relative error of about ±3%, the optical density with ±6%, the soluble protein with ±16%, and the insoluble product with an accuracy of ±12%. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 321–334. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development of a Rhodobacter capsulatus self‐reporting model system for optimizing light‐dependent, [FeFe]‐hydrogenase‐driven H2 production
Authors: Wecker Matt S.A. , Beaton Stephen E. , Chado Robert A. , Ghirardi Maria L. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus normally photoproduces H2 as a by‐product of its nitrogenase‐catalyzed nitrogen‐fixing activity. Such H2 production, however, is expensive from a metabolic perspective, requiring nearly four times as many photons as the equivalent algal hydrogenase‐based system (Ghirardi et al., 2009 Photobiological hydrogen‐producing systems. Chem Soc Rev 38(1):52–61). Here, we report the insertion of a Clostridium acetobutylicum [FeFe]‐hydrogenase and its three attendant hydrogenase assembly proteins into an R. capsulatus strain lacking its native uptake hydrogenase. Further, this strain is modified to fluoresce upon sensing H2. The resulting strain photoproduces H2 and self‐reports its own H2 production through fluorescence. This model system represents a unique method of developing hydrogenase‐based H2 production in R. capsulatus, may serve as a powerful system for in vivo directed evolution of hydrogenases and hydrogenase‐associated genes, and provides a means of screening for increased metabolic production of H2. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 291–297. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Überlebenskünstler im Tal des Todes
Authors: Tetsch Larissa 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDer Teufelskärpfling ist eine der seltensten Wirbeltierarten der Welt und lebt nur an einem einzigen Ort: dem Teufelsloch, einem von einer Warmwasserquelle gespeisten Kalksteinbecken inmitten des Death Valley in der Mojavewüste (USA). Hatte man bislang angenommen, dass die Fische die Quelle zu einem Zeitpunkt besiedelt haben, als das heutige Wüstental noch überflutet war, offenbaren genetische Analysen jetzt ein deutlich jüngeres Alter für die Art. Anscheinend gelang es dem Teufelskärpfling, eine der trockensten Wüsten der Welt zu durchqueren, um ins Teufelsloch zu gelangen.
Risk factors for reintervention after surgery for perforated gastroduodenal ulcer
Authors: Hasselager R B , Lohse N , Duch P , Møller M H 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Background
Perforated gastroduodenal ulcer carries a high mortality rate. Need for reintervention after surgical repair is associated with worse outcome, but knowledge on risk factors for reintervention is limited. The aim was to identify prognostic risk factors for reintervention after perforated gastroduodenal ulcer in a nationwide cohort.

Methods
All patients treated surgically for perforated gastroduodenal ulcer in Denmark between 2003 and 2014 were included using data from the Danish Clinical Register of Emergency Surgery. Potential risk factors for reintervention were assessed, and their crude and adjusted associations calculated by the competing risks subdistribution hazards approach.

Results
A total of 4086 patients underwent surgery for perforated gastroduodenal ulcer during the study interval. Median age was 71·1 (i.q.r. 59·6–81·0) years and the overall 90-day mortality rate was 30·8 per cent (1258 of 4086). Independent risk factors for reintervention were: male sex (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1·46, 95 per cent c.i. 1·20 to 1·78), in-hospital perforation (adjusted HR 1·36, 1·11 to 1·68), high BMI (adjusted HR 1·49, 1·10 to 2·01), high ASA physical status grade (adjusted HR 1·54, 1·23 to 1·94), shock on admission (adjusted HR 1·40, 1·13 to 1·74), surgical delay (adjusted HR 1·07, 1·02 to 1·14) and other co-morbidity (adjusted HR 1·24, 1·02 to 1·51). Preadmission use of steroids (adjusted HR 0·59, 0·41 to 0·84) and age above 70 years (adjusted HR 0·72, 0·59 to 0·89) were associated with a reduced risk of reoperation.

Conclusion
Obese men with coexisting diseases and high disease severity who have surgery for gastroduodenal perforation are at increased risk of reoperation.
Procalcitonin in cerebrospinal fluid in meningitis: a prospective diagnostic study
Authors: Alons Imanda M. E. , Verheul Rolf J. , Kuipers Irma , Jellema Korné , Wermer Marieke J. H. , Algra Ale , Ponjee Gabriëlle 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectivesBacterial meningitis is a severe but treatable condition. Clinical symptoms may be ambiguous and current diagnostics lack sensitivity and specificity, complicating diagnosis. Procalcitonin (PCT) is a protein that is elevated in serum in bacterial infection. We aimed to assess the value of PCT in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis.MethodsWe included patients with bacterial meningitis, both community acquired and post neurosurgery. We included two comparison groups: patients with viral meningitis and patients who underwent lumbar punctures for noninfectious indications. We calculated mean differences and 95% confidence intervals of procalcitonin in CSF and plasma in patients with and without bacterial meningitis.ResultsAverage PCT concentrations in CSF were 0.60 ng mL−1 (95% CI: 0.29–0.92) in the bacterial meningitis group (n = 26), 0.81 (95% CI: 0.33–1.28) in community‐acquired meningitis (n = 16) and 0.28 (95% CI: 0.10–0.45) in postneurosurgical meningitis (n = 10), 0.10 ng mL−1 (95% CI: 0.08–0.12) in the viral meningitis group (n = 14) and 0.08 ng mL−1 (95% CI: 0.06–0.09) in the noninfectious group (n = 14). Mean difference of PCT‐CSF between patients with community‐acquired bacterial meningitis and with viral meningitis was 0.71 ng mL−1 (95% CI: 0.17–1.25) and 0.73 ng mL−1 (95% CI: 0.19–1.27) for community‐acquired bacterial meningitis versus the noninfectious group. The median PCT CSF: plasma ratio was 5.18 in postneurosurgical and 0.18 in community‐acquired meningitis (IQR 4.69 vs. 0.28).ConclusionProcalcitonin in CSF was significantly higher in patients with bacterial meningitis when compared with patients with viral or no meningitis. PCT in CSF may be a valuable marker in diagnosing bacterial meningitis, and could become especially useful in patients after neurosurgery.
Quantum Dot‐Based Nanotools for Bioimaging, Diagnostics, and Drug Delivery
Authors: Bilan Regina , Nabiev Igor , Sukhanova Alyona 
Published: August 2016

AbstractQuantum dots (QDs) are highly fluorescent nanocrystals with advanced photophysical and spectral properties: high brightness and stability against photobleaching accompanied by broad excitation and narrow emission spectra. Water‐soluble QDs functionalized with biomolecules, such as proteins, peptides, antibodies, and drugs, are used for biomedical applications. The advantages of QD‐based approaches to immuno‐histochemical analysis, single‐molecule tracking, and in vivo imaging (over traditional methods with organic dyes and fluorescent proteins) are explained. The unique spectral properties of QDs offer opportunities for designing systems for multiplexed analysis by multicolor imaging for the simultaneous detection of multiple targets. Conjugation of drug molecules with QDs or their incorporation into QD‐based drug‐delivery particles makes it possible to monitor real‐time drug tracking and carry out image‐guided therapy. Because of the tunability of their photophysical properties, QDs emitting in the near‐infrared have become an attractive tool for deep‐tissue mono‐ and multiphoton in vivo imaging. We review recent achievements in QD applications for bioimaging, targeting, and drug delivery, as well as challenges related to their toxicity and non‐biodegradability. Key and perspectives for further development of advanced QD‐based nanotools are addressed.
Long‐term outcomes of SMART stent implantation in patients with femoro‐popliteal disease
Authors: Matsumi Junya , Tobita Kazuki , Shishido Koki , Mizuno Shingo , Yamanaka Futoshi , Murakami Masato , Tanaka Yutaka , Takahashi Saeko , Akasaka Takeshi , Saito Shigeru 
Published: August 2016

ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the long‐term outcomes of SMART stent implantation for femoro‐popliteal (FP) lesions.BackgroundThe long‐term results of SMART stent implantation for FP lesions remained unknown.MethodsWe studied 319 limbs in 269 patients (mean age: 73.2 ± 7.7 years) who underwent SMART stent implantation for FP lesions (mean treated‐lesion length: 118.5 ± 81.0 mm) from 2004 to 2014, retrospectively. These patients were followed‐up for a mean of 52.8 ± 33.8 months (median: 51.0 months). Kaplan–Meier and log‐rank analyses were used to determine time to event. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated through univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses to estimate predictors of primary patency loss.ResultsOverall, 37.3% of lesions were TransAtlantic Inter‐Society Consensus (TASC) IIC/D lesions, and 41.1% exhibited chronic total occlusion. Post‐procedural primary patency rates were 87.7%, 79.4%, 68.1%, 53.7%, and 50.3%, at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 years, respectively; the corresponding secondary patency rates were 96.5%, 91.7%, 85.0%, 73.8%, and 67.7%, respectively. TASC IIA/B lesions had considerably better primary patency rates than C/D lesions at all time points. Multivariate analysis indicated that lesion length (with >200 mm vs. <100 mm) significantly promoted primary patency loss (HR, 2.555; 95% CI, 1.429–4.568; P = 0.002), as well as hemodialysis (HR, 1.881; 95% CI, 1.208–2.928; P = 0.005).ConclusionsAlthough SMART stent implantation produced favorable long‐term results, TASC IIC/D FP lesions had poor outcomes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Probing Polyoxometalate–Protein Interactions Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Solé‐Daura Albert , Goovaerts Vincent , Stroobants Karen , Absillis Gregory , Jiménez‐Lozano Pablo , Poblet Josep M. , Hirst Jonathan D. , Parac‐Vogt Tatjana N. , Carbó Jorge J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe molecular interactions between the CeIV‐substituted Keggin anion [PW11O39Ce(OH2)4]3− (CeK) and hen egg‐white lysozyme (HEWL) were investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. The analysis of CeK was compared with the CeIV‐substituted Keggin dimer [(PW11O39)2Ce]10− (CeK2) and the ZrIV‐substituted Lindqvist anion [W5O18Zr(OH2)(OH)]3− (ZrL) to understand how POM features such as shape, size, charge, or type of incorporated metal ion influence the POM⋅⋅⋅protein interactions. Simulations revealed two regions of the protein in which the CeK anion interacts strongly: cationic sites formed by Arg21 and by Arg45 and Arg68. The POMs chiefly interact with the side chains of the positively charged (arginines, lysines) and the polar uncharged residues (tyrosines, serines, aspargines) via electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding with the oxygen atoms of the POM framework. The CeK anion shows higher protein affinity than the CeK2 and ZrL anions, because it is less hydrophilic and it has the right size and shape for establishing interactions with several residues simultaneously. The larger, more negatively charged CeK2 anion has a high solvent‐accessible surface, which is sub‐optimal for the interaction, while the smaller ZrL anion is highly hydrophilic and cannot efficiently interact with several residues simultaneously.
Efficient Generation of Viral and Integration‐Free Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell‐Derived Oligodendrocytes
Authors: Espinosa‐Jeffrey Araceli , Blanchi Bruno , Biancotti Juan Carlos , Kumar Shalini , Hirose Megumi , Mandefro Berhan , Talavera‐Adame Dodanim , Benvenisty Nissim , de Vellis Jean 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHere we document three highly reproducible protocols: (1) a culture system for the derivation of human oligodendrocytes (OLs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPS) and their further maturation—our protocol generates viral‐ and integration‐free OLs that efficiently commit and move forward in the OL lineage, recapitulating all the steps known to occur during in vivo development; (2) a method for the isolation, propagation and maintenance of neural stem cells (NSCs); and (3) a protocol for the production, isolation, and maintenance of OLs from perinatal rodent and human brain‐derived NSCs. Our unique culture systems rely on a series of chemically defined media, specifically designed and carefully characterized for each developmental stage of OL as they advance from OL progenitors to mature, myelinating cells. We are confident that these protocols bring our field a step closer to efficient autologous cell replacement therapies and disease modeling. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Towards Direct Synthesis of Alane: A Predicted Defect‐Mediated Pathway Confirmed Experimentally
Authors: Wang Lin‐Lin , Herwadkar Aditi , Reich Jason M. , Johnson Duane D. , House Stephen D. , Peña‐Martin Pamela , Rockett Angus A. , Robertson Ian M. , Gupta Shalabh , Pecharsky Vitalij K. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAlane (AlH3) is a unique energetic material that has not found a broad practical use for over 70 years because it is difficult to synthesize directly from its elements. Using density functional theory, we examine the defect‐mediated formation of alane monomers on Al(111) in a two‐step process: (1) dissociative adsorption of H2 and (2) alane formation, which are both endothermic on a clean surface. Only with Ti dopant to facilitate H2 dissociation and vacancies to provide Al adatoms, both processes become exothermic. In agreement, in situ scanning tunneling microscopy showed that during H2 exposure, alane monomers and clusters form primarily in the vicinity of Al vacancies and Ti atoms. Moreover, ball milling of the Al samples with Ti (providing necessary defects) showed a 10 % conversion of Al into AlH3 or closely related species at 344 bar H2, indicating that the predicted pathway may lead to the direct synthesis of alane from elements at pressures much lower than the 104 bar expected from bulk thermodynamics.
Alkali‐Doped Lithium Orthosilicate Sorbents for Carbon Dioxide Capture
Authors: Yang Xinwei , Liu Wenqiang , Sun Jian , Hu Yingchao , Wang Wenyu , Chen Hongqiang , Zhang Yang , Li Xian , Xu Minghou 
Published: August 2016

AbstractNew alkali‐doped (Na2CO3 and K2CO3) Li4SiO4 sorbents with excellent performance at low CO2 concentrations were synthesized. We speculate that alkali doping breaks the orderly arrangement of the Li4SiO4 crystals, hence increasing its specific surface area and the number of pores. It was shown that 10 wt % Na2CO3 and 5 wt % K2CO3 are the optimal additive ratios for doped sorbents to attain the highest conversions. Moreover, under 15 vol % CO2, the doped sorbents present clearly faster absorption rates and exhibit stable cyclic durability with impressive conversions of about 90 %, at least 20 % higher than that of non‐doped Li4SiO4. The attained conversions are also 10 % higher than the reported highest conversion of 80 % on doped Li4SiO4. The performance of Li4SiO4 is believed to be enhanced by the eutectic melt, and it is the first time that the existence of eutectic Li/Na or Li/K carbonate on doped sorbents when absorbing CO2 at high temperature is confirmed; this was done using systematical analysis combining differential scanning calorimetry with in situ powder X‐ray diffraction.