bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiogenic Shock Predicts Long‐term Mortality in Hospital Survivors of STEMI Treated With Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Hemradj Veemal V. , Ottervanger Jan Paul , van 't Hof Arnoud W. , Dambrink Jan Henk , Gosselink Marcel , Kedhi Elvin , Suryapranata Harry ,   for the Zwolle Myocardial Infarction Study Group
Published: October 2016

Background
ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS) has a poor prognosis. Recently published data suggested, however, that CS does not affect long‐term mortality in hospital survivors of STEMI. We investigated whether this could be confirmed in a larger cohort.HypothesisSTEMI complicated by CS leads to worse long‐term survival.MethodsA prospective cohort study was performed in 7412 consecutive patients with STEMI treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (angioplasty). The predictive value of CS on long‐term mortality was assessed in hospital survivors. Multivariate analysis, adjusting for differences in baseline variables, was performed to assess the independent prognostic value of CS.ResultsCardiogenic shock was observed in 387 patients (5.2%). The total in‐hospital mortality was 254 (3.4%), and mortality was significantly higher in patients with CS (20.0% vs 2.6%; P < 0.001). The 1‐year mortality in hospital survivors was 10.3% in patients with CS and 3.9% in patients without CS (P < 0.001). After multivariate analysis, CS was still a significant predictor of long‐term mortality in hospital survivors (hazard ratio: 2.6, 95% confidence interval: 1.64‐4.01).ConclusionsCardiogenic shock remains a strong predictor of long‐term mortality in hospital survivors of STEMI treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
Half‐Life Extension of Biopharmaceuticals using Chemical Methods: Alternatives to PEGylation
Authors: van Witteloostuijn Søren B. , Pedersen Søren L. , Jensen Knud J. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPeptides and proteins constitute a vast pool of excellent drug candidates. Evolution has equipped these molecules with superior drug‐like properties such as high specificity and potency. However, native peptides and proteins suffer from an inadequate pharmacokinetic profile, and their outstanding pharmacological potential can only be realized if this issue is addressed during drug development. To overcome this challenge, a variety of half‐life extension techniques relying on covalent chemical modification have been developed. These methods include PEGylation, fusion to unstructured polypeptide‐based PEG mimetics, conjugation of large polysaccharides, native‐like glycosylation, lipidation, fusion to albumin or the Fc domain of IgG, and derivatization with bio‐orthogonal moieties that direct self‐assembly. This review provides an overview of available conjugation chemistries, biophysical properties, and safety data associated with these concepts. Moreover, the effects of these modifications on peptide and protein pharmacokinetics are demonstrated through key examples.
Chemotherapy decisions and patient experience with the recurrence score assay for early‐stage breast cancer
Authors: Friese Christopher R. , Li Yun , Bondarenko Irina , Hofer Timothy P. , Ward Kevin C. , Hamilton Ann S. , Deapen Dennis , Kurian Allison W. , Katz Steven J. 
Published: October 2016

BACKGROUNDThe 21‐gene recurrence score (RS) assay stratifies early‐stage, estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer by recurrence risk. Few studies have examined the ways in which physicians use the RS to recommend adjuvant systemic chemotherapy or patients' experiences with testing and decision making.METHODSThis study surveyed 3880 women treated for breast cancer in 2013‐2014; they were identified from the Los Angeles County and Georgia Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries (response rate, 71%). Women reported chemotherapy recommendations, the receipt of chemotherapy, testing experiences, and decision satisfaction. Registries linked the tumor data, RS, and surveys. Regression models examined factors associated with chemotherapy recommendations and receipt by the RS and subgroups.RESULTSThere were 1527 patients with stage I/II, estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor–positive, human epidermal growth factor 2–negative disease: 778 received an RS (62.6% of patients with node‐negative, favorable disease, 24.3% of patients with node‐negative, unfavorable disease, and 13.0% of patients with node‐positive disease;P < .001). Overall, 47.2% of the patients received a recommendation against chemotherapy, and 40.5% received a recommendation for it. RS results correlated with recommendations: nearly all patients with high scores (31‐100) received a chemotherapy recommendation (86.9%‐96.5% across clinical subgroups), whereas the majority of the patients with low‐risk results (0‐18) received a recommendation against it (65.9%‐78.2% across subgroups). Most patients with high RSs received chemotherapy (87.0%, 91.1%, and 100% across subgroups), whereas few patients with low scores received it (2.9%, 9.5%, and 26.6% across subgroups). There were no substantial racial/ethnic differences in testing or treatment. Women were largely satisfied with the RS and chemotherapy decisions.CONCLUSIONSOncologists use the RS to personalize treatment, even for those with node‐positive disease. High satisfaction and an absence of disparities in testing and treatment suggest that precision‐medicine advances have improved systemic breast cancer treatment.Cancer2017;43–51.©2016 American Cancer Society.
Significance of high‐risk HPV detection in women with atypical glandular cells on Pap testing: Analysis of 1857 cases from an academic institution
Authors: Patadji Stell , Li Zaibo , Pradhan Dinesh , Zhao Chengquan 
Published: October 2016

BACKGROUNDThe role of high‐risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing in women with various types of atypical glandular cells (AGC) on Papanicolaou (Pap) test is undetermined.METHODSHerein, the authors retrospectively searched their pathology database for cases of AGC with concurrent hrHPV testing and histological follow‐up results within 1 year between January 2008 and December 2013.RESULTSAmong 3709 AGC cases occurring during the study period, 2287 had concurrent Hybrid Capture 2 HPV testing results. The overall rate of hrHPV positivity (hrHPV+) was 27.7%. Of these 2287 cases, 1857 cases (81.2%) had histological follow‐up results within 1 year, including 529 hrHPV + cases and 1328 hrHPV‐negative (hrHPV‐) cases. Among the hrHPV + cases, 16.8% had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 (CIN2/3), 5.7% had cervical adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS)/adenocarcinoma (ADC), and 1.1% had an endometrial carcinoma. Among the hrHPV‐ cases, 0.6% had CIN2/3, 0.2% had AIS/ADC, and 3.8% had an endometrial carcinoma. The rate of high‐grade cervical lesions (CIN2/3, AIS, or ADC) was significantly higher in women who were hrHPV + compared with hrHPV‐ women for all age groups. Endometrial carcinoma was most commonly present in women aged ≥50 years.CONCLUSIONSTo the authors' knowledge, the current study is the largest follow‐up study published to date regarding women with AGC cytology and HPV testing. The study data indicate that hrHPV testing is useful for predicting the risk of high‐grade cervical neoplasia in women with AGC, but has no significant value in evaluating the risk of endometrial carcinoma. The combination of cytology, hrHPV testing, and patient age can significantly aid in the appropriate management of these individuals. Cancer Cytopathol 2017;125:205–211. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
An automatic self‐adaptation framework for service‐based process based on exception handling
Authors: Wang Xianghui , Feng Zhiyong , Huang Keman , Tan Wei 
Published: October 2016

SummaryFor service‐based process, there is a frequent failure when it runs under a loose‐coupled and uncertain environment, such as mobile Internet. The runtime self‐adaptation mechanism is urgently needed to automatically achieve the goal of a process. Therefore, this article presents a self‐adaptation framework to automatically monitor and self‐adapt to various failures. On the basis of the presented self‐adaptation exceptions framework, the service‐based process is automatically extended with these exception definitions. In particular, the local self‐adaptation exceptions monitor the failures over each web service instance, whereas the global self‐adaptation exceptions are designed to explore the process‐level failures. For each exception, the self‐adaptation strategy is dynamically generated according to the running environment. Finally, we implement the prototype system running on the Apache ODE. The experimental results show that our framework can automatically recover a process instance from various failures, and the proposed approach can identify more failure types than previous works and apparently improve the running success rate of process instances.
Energy‐aware mechanism for stencil‐based MPDATA algorithm with constraints
Authors: Rojek Krzysztof , Ilic Aleksandar , Wyrzykowski Roman , Sousa Leonel 
Published: October 2016

SummaryIn this paper, we propose an energy‐aware task management mechanism designed for the forward‐in‐time algorithms running on multicore central processing units (CPUs), where the multidimensional positive definite advection transport algorithm stencil‐based algorithm is one of the representative examples. This mechanism is based on the dynamic voltage and frequency scaling technique and allows the reduction of energy consumption for an existing algorithm (or application) such that the predefined execution time is respected, without requiring any modifications in the algorithm itself. This paper also provides the formulation of a method for minimizing the energy consumption with time constraints, which is based on the adaptive scheduling with online modeling. Finally, using the autotuning technique, we provide the automation of the process for creation and determination of the best energy profile at runtime, even in the presence of additional CPU workloads. The experimental results on a 6‐core computing platform show that the proposed mechanism provides the energy savings of up to 1.43x when compared to the default Linux scaling governor. Also, we confirm the effectiveness of the self‐adaptive feature of the proposed mechanism, by showing its ability to maintain the requested execution time in spite of additional CPU workloads imposed by other applications.
Multisensor change detection on the basis of big time‐series data and Dempster‐Shafer theory
Authors: Jafari Hossein , Li Xiangfang , Qian Lijun , Aved Alexander , Kroecker Timothy 
Published: October 2016

SummaryWith the proliferation of the Internet of Things, numerous sensors are deployed to monitor a phenomenon that in many cases can be modeled by an underlying stochastic process. The goal is to detect change in the process with tolerable false alarm rate. In practice, sensors may have different accuracy and sensitivity range, or they decay along time. As a result, the sensed data will contain uncertainties and sometimes they are conflicting. In this study, we propose a novel framework to take advantage of Dempster‐Shafer theory's capability of representation of uncertainty to detect change and effectively deal with complementary hypotheses. Specifically, Kullback‐Leibler divergence is used as the metric to find the distances between the estimated distribution with the before and after change distributions. Mass functions are calculated on the basis of those distance values for each sensor independently, and Dempster‐Shafer combination rule is applied to combine the mass values among all sensors. In the case of high conflict in various sensor readings, Dezert‐Smarandache combination rule is applied, and the belief, plausibility, and pignistic probability are obtained for decision making. Simulation results using both synthetic data and real data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.
Ultrafast Photogenerated Hole Extraction/Transport Behavior in a CH3NH3PbI3/Carbon Nanocomposite and Its Application in a Metal‐Electrode‐Free Solar Cell
Authors: Ye Tao , Jiang Xi , Wan Dongyang , Wang Xingzhi , Xing Jun , Venkatesan Thirumalai , Xiong Qihua , Ramakrishna Seeram 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAligned and flexible electrospun carbon nanomaterials are used to synthesize carbon/perovskite nanocomposites. The free‐electron diffusion length in the CH3NH3PbI3 phase of the CH3NH3PbI3/carbon nanocomposite is almost twice that of bare CH3NH3PbI3, and nearly 95 % of the photogenerated free holes can be injected from the CH3NH3PbI3 phase into the carbon nanomaterial. The exciton binding energy of the composite is estimated to be 23 meV by utilizing temperature‐dependent optical absorption spectroscopy. The calculated free carriers increase with increasing total photoexcitation density, and this broadens the potential of this material for a broad range of optoelectronics applications. A metal‐electrode‐free perovskite solar cell (power conversion efficiency: 13.0 %) is fabricated with this perovskite/carbon composite, which shows great potential for the fabrication of efficient, large‐scale, low‐cost, and metal‐electrode‐free perovskite solar cells.
Facile and Green Reduction of Graphene Oxide by a Reduced Polyoxometalate and Formation of a Nanohybrid
Authors: Debiemme‐Chouvy Catherine , Thomas Benjamin , Lucas Ivan T. , Maï Tran T. T. , Heintz Jean‐Marc , Veillère Amélie , Silvain Jean‐François 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAn ecofriendly chemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO) in water is reported. The reducing agent is an electrochemically reduced Keggin‐type polyoxometalate (SiW12O405−). Moreover, this process leads to the fabrication of SiW12@rGO nanocomposite. This nanohybrid exhibits an electrochemical response which combines high faradic and capacitive currents due to high coverage of polyoxometalates on the rGO sheets. Therefore this material has strong potentiality for energy storage.
Recent Developments of Hydrazide/Hydrazone Derivatives and Their Analogs as Anticonvulsant Agents in Animal Models
Authors: Angelova Violina , Karabeliov Valentin , Andreeva‐Gateva Pavlina A. , Tchekalarova Jana 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Preclinical Research

Epilepsy is a chronic devastating neurological disorder characterized by synchronous interictal discharges. Treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can alleviate spontaneous seizure activity without preventing the progression and development of epileptogenesis. Current design and development of new AEDs and strategies for the prevention of epilepsy is focused mainly on attenuating uncontrolled seizures, severe side effects and toxicity in chronic drug therapy. It has thus become necessary to discover new chemical pharmacophores with a broad spectrum of activity and less neurotoxicity. Hydrazide/hydrazone derivatives that possess a —CO—NHN=CH— group constitute an important class of compounds for drug development. This review highlights the specific characteristics of various hydrazide/hydrazone derivatives and structurally related semicarbazones, semicarbazides and Schiff base compounds and their anticonvulsant activities. It is focused on the influence of differently substituted pharmacophores developed through SAR studies and testing their activity against different pharmcological targets. Drug Dev Res 77 : 379–392, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A sixth‐level habitat cascade increases biodiversity in an intertidal estuary
Authors: Thomsen Mads S. , Hildebrand Thomas , South Paul M. , Foster Travis , Siciliano Alfonso , Oldach Eliza , Schiel David R. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMany studies have documented habitat cascades where two co‐occurring habitat‐forming species control biodiversity. However, more than two habitat‐formers could theoretically co‐occur. We here documented a sixth‐level habitat cascade from the Avon‐Heathcote Estuary, New Zealand, by correlating counts of attached inhabitants to the size and accumulated biomass of their biogenic hosts. These data revealed predictable sequences of habitat‐formation (=attachment space). First, the bivalve Austrovenus provided habitat for green seaweeds (Ulva) that provided habitat for trochid snails in a typical estuarine habitat cascade. However, the trochids also provided habitat for the nonnative bryozoan Conopeum that provided habitat for the red seaweed Gigartina that provided habitat for more trochids, thereby resetting the sequence of the habitat cascade, theoretically in perpetuity. Austrovenus is here the basal habitat‐former that controls this “long” cascade. The strength of facilitation increased with seaweed frond size, accumulated seaweed biomass, accumulated shell biomass but less with shell size. We also found that Ulva attached to all habitat‐formers, trochids attached to Ulva and Gigartina, and Conopeum and Gigartina predominately attached to trochids. These “affinities” for different habitat‐forming species probably reflect species‐specific traits of juveniles and adults. Finally, manipulative experiments confirmed that the amount of seaweed and trochids was important and consistent regulators of the habitat cascade in different estuarine environments. We also interpreted this cascade as a habitat‐formation network that describes the likelihood of an inhabitant being found attached to a specific habitat‐former. We conclude that the strength of the cascade increased with the amount of higher‐order habitat‐formers, with differences in form and function between higher and lower‐order habitat‐formers, and with the affinity of inhabitants for higher‐order habitat‐formers. We suggest that long habitat cascades are common where species traits allow for physical attachment to other species, such as in marine benthic systems and old forest.
Importance of geographic origin for invasion success: A case study of the North and Baltic Seas versus the Great Lakes–St. Lawrence River region
Authors: Casties Isabel , Seebens Hanno , Briski Elizabeta 
Published: October 2016

AbstractRecently, several studies indicated that species from the Ponto‐Caspian region may be evolutionarily predisposed to become nonindigenous species (NIS); however, origin ofNISestablished in different regions has rarely been compared to confirm these statements. More importantly, if species from certain area/s are proven to be better colonizers, management strategies to control transport vectors coming from those areas must be more stringent, as prevention of new introductions is a cheaper and more effective strategy than eradication or control of establishedNISpopulations. To determine whether species evolved in certain areas have inherent advantages over other species in colonizing new habitats, we exploredNISestablished in the North and Baltic Seas and Great Lakes–St. Lawrence River regions—two areas intensively studied in concern toNIS, highly invaded by Ponto‐Caspian species and with different salinity patterns (marine vs. freshwater). We compared observed numbers ofNISin these two regions to expected numbers ofNISfrom major donor regions. The expected numbers were calculated based on the available species pool from donor regions, frequency of shipping transit, and an environmental match between donor and recipient regions. A total of 281NISestablished in the North and Baltic Seas and 188 in the Great Lakes–St. Lawrence River. Ponto‐Caspian taxa colonized both types of habitats, saltwater areas of the North and Baltic Seas and freshwater of the Great Lakes–St. Lawrence River, in much higher numbers than expected. Propagule pressure (i.e., number of introduced individuals or introduction effort) is of great importance for establishment success ofNIS; however in our study, either shipping vector or environmental match between regions did not clarify the high numbers of Ponto‐Caspian taxa in our study areas. Although we cannot exclude the influence of other transport vectors, our findings suggest that the origin of the species plays an important role for the predisposition of successful invaders.
lac‐1 and lag‐1 with ras‐1 affect aging and the biological clock in Neurospora crassa
Authors: Brunson John K. , Griffith James , Bowles Daneisha , Case Mary E. , Arnold Jonathan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractUsing an automated cell counting technique developed previously (Case et al., Ecology and Evolution 2014; 4: 3494), we explore the lifespan effects of lac‐1, a ceramide synthase gene paralogous to lag‐1 in Neurospora crassa in conjunction with the band bd (ras‐1) gene. We find that the replicative lifespan of a lac‐1KO bd double mutants is short, about one race tube cycle, and this double mutant lacks a strong ~21‐hr clock cycle as shown by race tube and fluorometer analysis of fluorescent strains including lac‐1KO. This short replicative lifespan phenotype is contrasted with a very long estimated chronological lifespan for lac‐1KO bd double mutants from 247 to 462 days based on our regression analyses on log viability, and for the single mutant lac‐1KO, 161 days. Both of these estimated lifespans are much higher than that of previously studied WT and bd single mutant strains. In a lac‐1 rescue and induction experiment, the expression of lac‐1+ as driven by a quinic acid‐dependent promoter actually decreases the median chronological lifespan of cells down to only 7 days, much lower than the 34‐day median lifespan found in control bd conidia also grown on quinic acid media, which we interpret as an effect of balancing selection acting on ceramide levels based on previous findings from the literature. Prior work has shown phytoceramides can act as a signal for apoptosis in stressed N. crassa cells. To test this hypothesis of balancing selection on phytoceramide levels, we examine the viability of WT, lag‐1KO bd, and lac‐1KO bd strains following the dual stresses of heat and glycolysis inhibition, along with phytoceramide treatments of different dosages. We find that the phytoceramide dosage–response curve is altered in the lag‐1KO bd mutant, but not in the lac‐1KO bd mutant. We conclude that phytoceramide production is responsible for the previously reported longevity effects in the lag‐1KO bd mutant, but a different ceramide may be responsible for the longevity effect observed in the lac‐1KO bd mutant.