bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The druggable genome and support for target identification and validation in drug development
Authors: Finan Chris , Gaulton Anna , Kruger Felix. A , Lumbers Tom , Shah Tina , Engmann Jorgen , Galver Luana , Kelley Ryan , Karlsson Anneli , Santos Rita , Overington John P. , Hingorani Aroon D. , Casas Juan P. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractTarget identification (identifying the correct drug targets for each disease) and target validation (demonstrating the effect of target perturbation on disease biomarkers and disease end-points) are essential steps in drug development. We showed previously that biomarker and disease endpoint associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a gene encoding a drug target accurately depict the effect of modifying the same target with a pharmacological agent; others have shown that genomic support for a target is associated with a higher rate of drug development success. To delineate drug development (including repurposing) opportunities arising from this paradigm, we connected complex disease- and biomarker-associated loci from genome wide association studies (GWAS) to an updated set of genes encoding druggable human proteins, to compounds with bioactivity against these targets and, where these were licensed drugs, to clinical indications. We used this set of genes to inform the design of a new genotyping array, to enable druggable genome-wide association studies for drug target selection and validation in human disease.
Hybrid assembly of the large and highly repetitive genome ofAegilops tauschii, a progenitor of bread wheat, with the mega-reads algorithm
Authors: Zimin Aleksey V. , Puiu Daniela , Luo Ming-Cheng , Zhu Tingting , Koren Sergey , Yorke James A. , Dvorak Jan , Salzberg Steven L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractLong sequencing reads generated by single-molecule sequencing technology offer the possibility of dramatically improving the contiguity of genome assemblies. The biggest challenge today is that long reads have relatively high error rates, currently around 15%. The high error rates make it difficult to use this data alone, particularly with highly repetitive plant genomes. Errors in the raw data can lead to insertion or deletion errors (indels) in the consensus genome sequence, which in turn create significant problems for downstream analysis; for example, a single indel may shift the reading frame and incorrectly truncate a protein sequence. Here we describe an algorithm that solves the high error rate problem by combining long, high-error reads with shorter but much more accurate Illumina sequencing reads, whose error rates average <1%. Our hybrid assembly algorithm combines these two types of reads to constructmega-reads, which are both long and accurate, and then assembles the mega-reads using the CABOG assembler, which was designed for long reads. We apply this technique to a large data set of Illumina and PacBio sequences from the speciesAegilops tauschii, a large and highly repetitive plant genome that has resisted previous attempts at assembly. We show that the resulting assembled contigs are far larger than in any previous assembly, with an N50 contig size of 486,807. We compare the contigs to independently produced optical maps to evaluate their large-scale accuracy, and to a set of high-quality bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-based assemblies to evaluate base-level accuracy.
The quest for organizational flexibility
Authors: Anastassiu Monica , Santoro Flavia Maria , Recker Jan , Rosemann Michael 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to propose a method for identifying business process-relevant contextual information that is likely to impact on the process goal. The ORGANON method describes a semi-structured procedural guide alongside with a set of criteria and a matrix for analyzing ontological transactions, which can be used to identify which context information can be considered relevant to a business process.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors report on an evaluation of the ORGANON method through a case study conducted in an organization that works in the social security domain.

Findings
– The results provide evidences of the feasibility of the method application in this scenario.

Originality/value
– Our research contributes to the literature on business processes flexibility, specifically through a proposal for context identification that can be extended to current techniques for business process modeling and in turn forms the basis for existing approaches for making business processes more flexible. The work has implications for the strategic management of organizations, by suggesting a method that provides informational support to decision makers about when, where and why business processes need to be adapted.
An institutional perspective on entrepreneurship in a conflict environment
Authors: Muhammad Noor , Ullah Farid , Warren Lorraine 
Published: July 2016

Purpose– In this paper, an institutional perspective is used to examine the different kinds of pressures on entrepreneurs manifest in a conflict environment. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how they respond to the conflict and establish legitimacy for their entrepreneurship in the challenging context of the north western areas of Pakistan.Design/methodology/approach– In this study, a qualitative approach is taken based on semi-structured interviews from 16 different firms in the Swat valley.Findings– The entrepreneurs undertake different strategies towards dealing with conflict and establishing legitimacy. These strategies are identified and examined in relation to the interactions between entrepreneurial behaviour and institutional pressures.Research limitations/implications– Qualitative research on a small sample inevitably presents a limitation on the generalisability of this work. Further research could employ quantitative methods to address this issue. One particular location is studied, so future research could be carried out in other countries or regions with similar problems.Practical implications– The study may have value for policymakers who need to know more about how to support ongoing businesses in difficult regions.Social implications– Better understanding of the needs of small business may in time contribute to a better business climate in difficult regions.Originality/value– A new dimension is added to institutional theory through its application in the very uncertain environment between all-out war and ongoing violence, identifying the possibility of weak agency for institutional change. Further, the study contributes to the growing body of literature on entrepreneurship in conflict environments.
Entrepreneurial orientation in dynamic environments
Authors: Adomako Samuel , Narteh Bedman , Danquah Joseph Kwadwo , Analoui Farhad 
Published: July 2016

Purpose– Research on entrepreneurial orientation (EO) has concluded a positive link between EO and firm performance and that relationship depends on several contingencies. The purpose of this paper is to derive insights from the absorptive capacity and contingency perspectives to introduce extra-organizational advice as a moderator of the relationship between EO and firm performance in a dynamic environment.Design/methodology/approach– Using survey data from 340 small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ghana, the study examines the moderating influence of extra-organizational advice on the EO-firm performance relationship in dynamic environments.Findings– The study’s empirical findings suggest that extra-organizational advice amplifies the EO-performance relationship in dynamic environments.Research limitations/implications– The cross-sectional design of the study does not permit causal inferences to be made regarding the variables examined. Future studies may use longitudinal design to examine the causal links of the variables. Limitations aside, the study helps to answer how extra-organizational advice translates EO into improved performance in an environment characterized by constant flux.Practical implications– The results of this paper can assist entrepreneurs and policy makers in understanding the dynamics and processes involved in implementing a strategic orientation to achieve higher performance. For SME managers, firm performance is determined by high levels of EO and extra-organizational advice in dynamic environments. The understanding of this issue can promote the development and maintenance of entrepreneurial ventures.Originality/value– The paper examines an important, but under-researched issue – the moderating effect of extra-organizational advice on the EO-performance relationship in dynamic environments. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the present study pioneers research in this area.
Sharing economy in geotag: what are the travelers’ goals sharing their locations by using geotags in social network sites during the tour?
Authors: Chung Namho , Lee Hyunae 
Published: July 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate what triggers tourist’s use of geotag as an information sharing tool in social media.Design/methodology/approach– This study divided tourists’ goals into task-involved goals (enjoyment of geotags and altruism) and ego-involved goals (anticipated extrinsic reward and desire for attention), and then examined the influences of these goals on their geotag satisfaction and information-sharing behavior by using PLS-Graph 3.0.Findings– Whereas the anticipated extrinsic rewards, altruism, and enjoyment of geotags were found to influence their geotag satisfaction, desire for attention was not. Enjoyment of geotags was found to be the strongest predictor of tourists’ geotag satisfaction, which in turn affected their information-sharing behaviors. Based on these findings, the authors present theoretical and practical implications with suggestions for future research.Research limitations/implications– Geotag services are not identical in all social media, so study participants might have perceived the characteristics of geotags differently depending on which social media they use.Originality/value– The enjoyment of geotags, altruism, and anticipated reward were found to influence geotag satisfaction; however, desire for attention was not. The results imply that enjoyment of geotags and anticipated reward strongly predict geotag satisfaction.
Analyzing the influence of electronic word of mouth on visit intention: the mediating role of tourists’ attitude and city image
Authors: Doosti Shabnam , Jalilvand Mohammad Reza , Asadi Ali , Khazaei Pool Javad , Mehrani Adl Parisa 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate how electronic word of mouth (e-WOM), attitude, and city image affect tourists’ intention to visit a tourism city.

Design/methodology/approach
– Drawing from the tourism management literature, the authors hypothesize and test the relationships among e-WOM, attitude, overall city image, and visit intentions. Structural equation modeling was conducted to test the proposed relationships among the variables.

Findings
– The empirical results suggested that e-WOM has a positive and significant influence on tourists’ attitude and overall city image. Further, e-WOM, attitude toward city, and overall city image were significant determinants of visit intentions.

Originality/value
– The paper contributes to understand the relationship between four constructs of e-WOM, attitude, and overall city image and visit intentions, tested in city tourism in the context of a tourism city.
Crooked strategy implementation: covert tactics fill the gaps
Authors: Pretorius Marius 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
Today, more than ever, businesses need to improve strategy implementation. Part of achieving implementation requires strategies to be embedded in the daily activities of executors (practitioners) – thus to embed strategy in implementation. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a “lesser acknowledged” strategy type that is ill-considered by management and leadership alike. “Covert tactics” are described.

Design/methodology/approach
Through dialectic conversation and applying the devil’s advocacy approach to challenging embeddedness and implementation liabilities, the phenomenon of “covert tactics” was identified. Purposively selected subjects participated in the dialectic conversations. Their opinions were collected and patterns identified until their “tactics” became apparent. Another element of interest was the underlying thinking of subjects to understand what drives them to follow covert tactics.

Findings
Covert tactics are phantasmal individual ploys that employees take in response to their own micro situation. Higher-level managers are often not aware of their existence, as these tactics are not spoken about but do exist. Such managers assume the organisation’s professed strategies are pursued but are oblivious to the “real tactics” that are pursued.

Research limitations/implications
The research proposes an “invisible concept” and depends on one individual view point.

Practical implications
Understanding and accepting the existence of covert tactics gives managers flexibility to respond.

Originality/value
To address their existence, there is no need to expose and oppose covert tactics, as this will make them more “invisible”. The innovative approach is to recognise their existence and align them to the organisation strategy. The quality of the strategy message was shown to be the fundamental tool that managers can use to address covert tactics by replacing the need for their existence.
Transforming celebrities through social media: the role of authenticity and emotional attachment
Authors: Kowalczyk Christine M. , Pounders Kathrynn R. 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
Social media platforms are changing the way consumers and celebrities engage. This research aims to better understand how and why consumers use social media to engage with celebrities, and identify the potential antecedents and outcomes, which may result from these online connections.

Design/methodology/approach
Both qualitative (two focus groups) and quantitative (survey) methods were used to explore consumer engagement with celebrities on social media. A structural model from the survey data was developed and analyzed.

Findings
Textual analysis of the focus groups revealed that consumers follow celebrities on social media to obtain career and personal information about the celebrity. Further, authenticity and emotional attachment were identified as favorable aspects of following celebrities on social media. An empirical study confirmed that the constructs of authenticity and emotional attachment positively influence the outcomes of word-of-mouth and purchase likelihood.

Research limitations/implications
The study was limited by the self-identification of a favorite celebrity and social media site. Future research should include empirical testing of specific celebrities featured on a specific social media site and the development of the constructs identified in the focus groups.

Practical implications
This research sheds light on the antecedents and outcomes associated with consumer–celebrity engagement on social media. The implications for marketers and advertisers include a better understanding of how celebrities transform themselves and engage with consumers on social media.

Originality/value
This paper fulfills an identified need to study authenticity and emotional attachment as they relate to celebrities and consumers’ engagements on social media.
Tattooing and brand sponsorship: how far is too far?
Authors: Weidner Kelly , Bal Anjali , Rains Samantha , Leeds Christopher 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore how consumers view sponsorship tattoos. This study specifically addresses three research questions: first, how consumers view the idea of sponsorship tattooing; second, how the brand of the tattoo alters acceptance of the tattoo; and third, how the placement on the body of the athlete affects acceptance of the tattoo.

Design/methodology/approach
To address these research questions, focus groups were conducted.

Findings
Findings highlighted three important themes related to tattoos, sponsorships and brand perceptions: meaning of the tattoo itself, meaning related to the brand and the tattoo and meaning related to the tattoo and athlete.

Practical implications
For practitioners, this research highlights the complexity between consumers’ interaction with brands through sponsorship tattoos, which is a complicated, multi-dimensional process during which meaning can be assigned to multiple facets of the sponsorship relationship.

Originality/value
For scholars, this research offers a glimpse into an emerging trend that ties together the multi-billion dollar sports and tattoo industries. In sum, this research identifies ways in which consumers interpret meaning related to the tattoo itself, the brand and the athlete based on placement, sport and brand perceptions.
When social media met commerce: a model of perceived customer value in group-buying
Authors: Lee Yong-Ki , Kim Sally Y. , Chung Namho , Ahn Kwanghoon , Lee Jong-Won 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
Social commerce using social media has been on the rapid increase. Among various social commerce models, group-buying has become the mainstream. There is a paucity of research related to how customers perceive value in group-buying situations. This paper aims to examine and analyze various factors that influence perceived customer value in group-buying.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected using a survey on customers who had purchased a restaurant service deal on a group-buying site. A partial least squares technique was used to estimate the model.

Findings
Results show that perceived customer value affects customers’ group buying intentions and that all four antecedents of perceived value (low price, valence of experience, trust in social media and reputation of the group-buying site) have a significant influence. Implications and further research directions are discussed at the end of the paper.

Originality/value
This study provides valuable strategic implications for social commerce firms.
Hypertension in rat offspring subjected to perinatal protein malnutrition is not related to the baroreflex dysfunction
Authors: Paulino‐Silva K M , Costa‐Silva J H 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThis study reports on the effects of maternal protein malnutrition on baroreflex (BR) control of the heart rate and sympathetic nerve activity in the hypertensive male offspring of Wistar rat dams. Wistar rat dams were fed a normal protein (NP) control (17% protein) or a low protein (LP; 8% protein) diet during pregnancy and lactation, and their male offspring were studied when 90 days old. In these animals we evaluated spontaneous and induced BR control, the variability of the cardiovascular system and analyzed a direct recording of lumbar sympathetic nervous activity. The 90 day‐old LP conscious rats had increased arterial pressure compared to NP, with enhanced low frequency oscillations of the systolic pressure, but no changes in the spontaneous and induced BR control of heart rate. In relation to nerve recordings, we observed similar values in terms of mean, frequency and amplitude between the groups. In addition, we noted that spontaneous and induced BR control of lumbar sympathetic activity in the LP group was similar to the control group. The data indicate that hypertension in the adult rat offspring subjected to perinatal protein malnutrition is not related to baroreflex dysfunction.
Breast‐cancer‐isation explored: Social experiences of gynaecological cancer in a Norwegian context
Authors: Solbrække Kari Nyheim , Lorem Geir 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis article's point of departure is recent claims that breast cancer survivorship displaying positivity and self‐growth represents the gold standard for all forms of cancer survivorship in English‐speaking Western cultures. An interview study of Norwegian women regarding gynaecological cancer followed by hysterectomy is used to explore whether this process is taking place beyond this setting. Results show that the women's experiences of having to display survivorship in this manner are not as notable as found in English‐speaking Western countries, neither is their experience of social othering. Reasons for this may be strong norms of social egalitarianism marking Norwegian culture and breast cancer informational campaigns that have not yet totally defined Norwegian norms for how to survive cancer. At the clinic and in the public sphere, however, the women experience gynaecological cancer as clearly having lower status than breast cancer, leading to a strong sense that the bodily site of their disease is taboo. Hence, as found in English‐speaking cultures, the complex embodied nature of having gynaecological cancer and life beyond treatment seems to be silenced by the media and medical institutions. Finally, implications for future research and health care related to cancer survivorship are also discussed.
Meaningful Use of the Indian Health Service Electronic Health Record
Authors: Kruse Gina R. , Hays Howard , Orav E. John , Palan Martha , Sequist Thomas D. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveTo understand the use of electronic health record (EHR) functionalities by physicians practicing in an underserved setting.Data Source/Study SettingA total of 333 Indian Health Service physicians (55 percent response rate) in August 2012.Study DesignCross‐sectional.Data CollectionThe survey assessed routine use of EHR functionalities, perceived usefulness, and barriers to adoption.Principal FindingsPhysicians routinely used a median 7 of 10 EHR functionalities targeted by the Meaningful Use program, but only 5 percent used all 10. Most (63 percent) felt the EHR improved quality of care. Many (76 percent) reported increased documentation time and poorer quality patient–physician interactions (45 percent). Primary care specialty and time using the EHR were positively associated with use of EHR functionalities, while perceived productivity loss was negatively associated.ConclusionsSignificant opportunities exist to increase use of EHR functionalities and preserve physician–patient interactions and productivity in a resource‐limited environment.
Overall Antioxidant Properties of Malt and How They Are Influenced by the Individual Constituents of Barley and the Malting Process
Authors: Carvalho Daniel O. , Gonçalves Luís M. , Guido Luís F. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn the past several years researchers have focused on the study of the antioxidant properties of barley and barley malt as well as their influence on beer quality. Some malt constituents have been reported as potent antioxidants due to their radical‐scavenging and reducing properties, with a positive effect on beer oxidative stability. However, barley and malt can suffer some serious modifications during malting and roasting, namely on the levels of phenolic compounds and the development of Maillard reaction products, which may have a great impact on the overall antioxidant properties of malt. Although some studies have reported an increase of the antioxidant capacity during malting, others have mentioned an opposite effect. Recently, researchers have shown that compounds developed in malt during heat treatment at high temperature and long periods of time, as result of the Maillard reaction, can also exhibit pro‐oxidant properties involving the metal‐catalyzed Fenton reaction due to its reductive properties. This paper reviews important information and recent data regarding the chemical changes malting and roasting undergo along with their influence on the different anti‐ and pro‐oxidant properties described for barley and malt. The contribution of individual components to the overall antioxidant capacity of malt is also discussed.