bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep Leadership Coaching Effectiveness
Authors: Kinnunen Tommi 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The effectiveness of a coaching process called Deep Lead, deriving from the leadership training of the Finnish Defence Forces, has not been studied efficiently in different civil organisations. This article presents an insight into the effectiveness of this coaching method in two different work communities (PVO-Vesivoima and TAC Finland Inc. Service). The main research question in this article is how to ensure the effectiveness of this particular type of leadership coaching / training. To achieve the best possible results, methodological triangulation was needed in this survey. In this article, two contributing models were introduced (figures 2 and 3) for examining coaching or training effectiveness. By means of these, it can hopefully be examined in the future whether the coaching / training process remains to be a cost, or whether it is an essential investment for the work communities. According to the leadership coaching effectiveness research results of the study at PVO-Vesivoima, such areas as co-operation, interaction and feedback culture were strengthened. As a conclusion, it can be stated that this leadership coaching process works as a practical leadership tool for management in developing the work community both internally and externally. Another example was a work community (TAC Finland Inc Service) that aimed to improve customer satisfaction, evoke know-how, and improve profits by using the deep lead -coaching method. According to the research results, remarkable improvements were accomplished in every field mentioned compared to the time preceding the leadership coaching process or the beginning of the leadership coaching process. In both examples, results were studied using different indicators, different time spans, different methods, and by different reports done by different people. As an outcome of these researches, the leadership coaching process was considered to be effective in PVO-Vesivoima and in TAC, and in the conclusion a practical description of leadership coaching / training or other educational intervention verified on an individual level is introduced.
An Abstract Approach. Rational Non-Sense To Replace Historical Nonsense in Educating Leaders
Authors: Kerttunen Mika 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This research questions the value of empiricism and historical case studies in higher level officer education. It will instead emphasize the need and importance of a rationalist approach to knowledge. It will outline a tentative example of an abstract approach to case studies. By doing this the author seeks to enhance the education of abstract thinking - an art that is required from joint level and general staff officers.
Special Operations Principles and Finnish Long Range Patrols during WWII
Authors: Lillbacka Ralf 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The study assessed whether the six special operations principles (simplicity, security, repetition, speed, purpose, and surprise) proposed by Admiral William McRaven could predict the degree of success among Finnish long range patrols during WWII. Eighty-four missions that included deliberate contact with the enemy were considered. Bootstrapped estimates were obtained from a LISREL path model. The result offers partial support for McRaven’s model. Significant direct and indirect effects of security, purpose and surprise were demonstrated. Limitations imposed by available data, as well as the circumstance that other principles were rarely violated, may explain the absence of further significant effects. It is furthermore suggested that the principles can be divided into “decisive” (security, purpose, and surprise) where negligence has immediate detrimental consequences, and “contextual” (simplicity, repetition, and in part, speed) that are largely case-specific and may need further precision to be analytically viable. The cause for the absence of significant effects would according to this interpretation be that the principles, as they are generally defined, fail to identify contextual circumstances that are crucial for success.
Stressors, social support and military performance in a modern war scenario
Authors: Moldjord Christian , Laberg Jon Christian , Rundmo Torbjørn 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The present study examined differences in stressors, coping strategies, and military performance in two groups deployed in the same war scenario, but with operative and psychologically different challenges.
A total of 173 military personnel participated in the study. Questionnaires measuring stress, coping strategies and military performance were administered before and after deployment in Afghanistan. Hierarchical Regression Analyses measured the extent to which stressors or coping strategies explained variance in military performance.
Operational personnel judged their military performance better than Staff personnel. Social Support was the most important predictor variables of military performance. The results are discussed with regard to differences in the operative and psychological challenges during service and the general effect of stressors and social support on military performance.
Social support was important for coping with challenges regardless of the type of service you completed.
Using English to Learn While Learning to Use English: International Field Trips as a Way to Learn (Through) Language
Authors: Alcântara Lucélia Ramos 
Published: November 2016

AbstractLearning English has always been the goal for many people to achieve. Content knowledge of any subject used to have no direct relation with mastering a foreign language. That is water under the bridge. Learning through a foreign language is a trend and must be considered as a way to prepare students for a globalized world. The adoption of a Content Language Integrated Learning Approach seems to fulfill the need for future successful professionals in field. By offering the opportunity to live real-life situations where content has to be acquired through any understanding of input in English, international field trips are an excellent way to educate content-literate and language-effective students.
Von der militärischen Maßnahme zum politischen Machtmittel
Authors: Götter Christian 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Die zuerst britische, später alliierte Wirtschaftsblockade Deutschlands im Ersten Weltkrieg galt den Zeitgenossen als entscheidender Beitrag zum Kriegsausgang. Während sie in der angloamerikanischen Forschung einige Aufmerksamkeit erhält, wird sie in der deutschen in letzter Zeit eher stiefmütterlich behandelt. Dieser Aufsatz soll ein Beitrag dazu sein, diese Wirtschaftsblockade bei der Beschäftigung mit dem Ersten Weltkrieg stärker zu berücksichtigen. In ihm argumentiere ich dafür, den Ersten Weltkrieg als einen entscheidenden Katalysator für Veränderungen des Umfangs und der Form der Blockade zu verstehen, der aus einem Mittel der Kriegführung des 19. Jahrhunderts ein politisches Druckmittel des 20. (und 21.) Jahrhunderts gemacht hat.
Common Diagnostic Test Results Over the Years
Authors: Aruvee Eve 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In this article, common test results over the years 2000 – 2016 are analysed. The test questions for new entrants were based on secondary school mathematics. The students took the test in the first lesson of the higher mathematics course. The test results were analysed by years, by tasks and by specialities, and their differences were found. The test results’ dependence on state-exams score was studied and other types of dependence were looked at.
It was found that the test score has a strong correlation with a state-exam but with high school mathematics mark and with later higher mathematics course marks has very weak correlation. During these 16 years, the questions that have been the most difficult for students have not changed. The highest test scores were found among students who had chosen the most popular specialities (with the highest competition).
Fault Diagnosis of Low-Power Three-Phase Induction Motor
Authors: Gedzurs Aleksejs 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
An Induction motor reliability survey at an egg processing plant shows that almost 50% of the total motor failures are fan induction motors. Visual investigations of the faulty fan motors show that the main cause of the induction motor failure is air gap eccentricity. In this study, experimental tests are performed on a 1.1kW three-phase induction motor to detect air gap eccentricity and overheating of the induction motor. Heating tests show that end shield housing temperature reaches 100°C with blocked air flow from the fan, which can reduce the lifespan of the bearing. Dimension measurements of the end shield housing show that the dimensions of both tested motors back-end shields are larger than ISO tolerance grade limit. It leads to a loose fit between the housing and bearing, causing air gap eccentricity. Also, both motor back end shield housing has an out-of-round condition leading to an unbalanced magnetic pull. To detect the air gap eccentricity caused by too loose of a fit between housing bore and bearing, current Park’s vector approach is used. To measure three phase current, Hall Effect current transducers, a digital oscilloscope is used and Matlab software to process the measurement data. Results show that Park’s vector approach can be used to detect the air gap eccentricity caused by too loose a fit between bearing and housing. Therefore, the Park’s vector approach can be used to diagnose air gap eccentricity and analyse the type of the air gap eccentricity.
The Need for Accurate Risk Prediction Models for Road Mapping, Shared Decision Making and Care Planning for the Elderly with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Stryckers Marijke , Nagler Evi V , Van Biesen Wim 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
As people age, chronic kidney disease becomes more common, but it rarely leads to end-stage kidney disease. When it does, the choice between dialysis and conservative care can be daunting, as much depends on life expectancy and personal expectations of medical care. Shared decision making implies adequately informing patients about their options, and facilitating deliberation of the available information, such that decisions are tailored to the individual’s values and preferences. Accurate estimations of one’s risk of progression to end-stage kidney disease and death with or without dialysis are essential for shared decision making to be effective. Formal risk prediction models can help, provided they are externally validated, well-calibrated and discriminative; include unambiguous and measureable variables; and come with readily applicable equations or scores. Reliable, externally validated risk prediction models for progression of chronic kidney disease to end-stage kidney disease or mortality in frail elderly with or without chronic kidney disease are scant. Within this paper, we discuss a number of promising models, highlighting both the strengths and limitations physicians should understand for using them judiciously, and emphasize the need for external validation over new development for further advancing the field.
Body Size and Outcomes in Dialysis and Transplant Patients – Does it Matter?
Authors: Sever Mehmet Sukru 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The terminologies of “body size”, “body mass index (BMI)”, “body weight”, “large BMI” and “obesity” are controversial for defining the effects of “adiposity” or “fat excess” on the outcomes of dialysis and transplant patients. However, probably these terminologies will be continued to be used in the future as well, because of being older and simpler terminologies.
In the general population obesity is a powerful risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, while, it conferred a survival advantage to dialysis patients. However, this may be a oversimplification, since obesity may still be a risk factor in non-sarcopenic hemodialysis patients.
Obesity is associated with early post-transplant adverse effects (i.e. delayed graft function, graft failure, wound infections, also transplant costs) and unfavorable graft and patient survival. However, thanks to safer immunosuppressive protocols, recently graft and patient survival is similar in obese as those of the non-obese patients. On the other hand, morbid obesity may still be a cause of unfavorable patient and graft survival.
Since obese transplant recipients have better life expectancy as compared to wait-listed hemodialysis patients, they should be transplanted as well, while morbidly obese patients should be asked to lose weight before being placed in the waiting lists.
Maternal Lipids May Predict Fetal Growth in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Pregnancies
Authors: Krstevska Brankica , Jovanovska Sasha Misevska , Krstevska Slagjana Simeonova , Nakova Valentina Velkoska , Serafimoski Vladimir 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Aim: During diabetic pregnancy, complex metabolic changes occur in the lipid profile. The aim of the study was to determine the predictive values of maternal serum lipid levels on large-for-gestational age newborns during the third trimester in pregnancies of women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Material and methods: Data of forty three pregnancies of women with DM2 and two hundred women with GDM were analyzed. The analysis encompassed the following parameters: age, body mass index (BMI), lipid parameters, HbA1c in first, second and third trimester of pregnancy, preeclampsia and baby birth weight.

Results: DM2 and GDM groups showed statistically significant differences in the following variables: total lipids, triglycerides, total cholesterol, BMI, age, baby birth weight, incidence of SGA and preterm delivery (9.4 ± 2.3 vs. 11.0 ± 2.3 mmol/L, 2.4 ± 1.4 vs. 3.4 ± 1.6 mmol/L, 5.5 ± 1.2 vs. 6.4 ± 1.4 mmol/L, 30.6 ± 5.4 vs. 26.9 ± 5.2 kg/m2, 34 ± 7.8 vs. 31.5 ± 5.6 years, 3183 ± 972 vs. 3533 ± 699 g., 20% vs. 7.5%, 27.9 vs. 14%, respectively, p < 0.05). Linear multiple regression analysis demonstrated that triglycerides, LDL-C and total cholesterol were independent predictors of LGA (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Triglycerides and LDL-C in the third trimester of pregnancy are independent predictors for fetal macrosomia in DM2 and GDM pregnancies. Thus, the maternal serum triglycerides and LDL-C levels determined in the maternal blood taken in the third trimester of pregnancy may indentify women who will give birth to LGA newborns.
Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Pancreas: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Spasevska Liljana , Janevska Vesna , Janevski Vlado , Noveska Biljana , Zhivadinovik Julija 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPancreas is an extremely rare abdominal localization of the solitary fibrous tumor (SFT). It usually grows asymptomatically for a long time before a diagnosis can be made on the basis of symptoms and/or mechanical complications. Due to the rarity and nonspecific clinical presentation, this entity is diagnostically challenging.We present a 47-year-old man with a history of progressive epigastric pain for the last two weeks, and jaundice, who was admitted to hospital for further investigation. Cystadenocarcinoma was suspected based on the radiologic findings, and a pancreatoduodenectomy was performed. The removed portion of the pancreas contained a 3.5 × 2 × 1.8 cm well-circumscribed, but not encapsulated white tumor mass with smooth cut surface, cystic component and duct dilatation within the tumor and within the adjacent pancreatic tissue. Based on the histology and immunostaining profile, a diagnosis of the solitary fibrous tumor was made. One week post-operatively, the patient died due to surgical complications.Microscopic and immunohistochemical examinations are necessary for accurate diagnosis of cystic SFT of the pancreas. Because there is limited data regarding the biological behavior of SFT with extra-pleural localization the authors recommend clinical follow-up for SFT treatment if the criteria of malignancy are not met.
A Comparison of the Financial Characteristics of U.S. and European Manufacturing Firms
Authors: Meric Gulser , Bentley T. Jerome , McCall W. Charles , Meric Ilhan 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Comparing the financial characteristics of firms in different countries and regions has been a popular research topic in finance. In this paper, we compare the financial characteristics of U.S. and European manufacturing firms with the MANOVA (Multivariate Analysis of Variance) method and financial ratios. Our findings indicate that the overall financial characteristics of U.S. and European manufacturing firms are significantly different. We find that U.S. manufacturing firms are more profitable and they have less liquidity and bankruptcy risks compared with European manufacturing firms. European manufacturing firms are more efficient in managing their fixed assets. However, U.S. manufacturing firms are more efficient in managing their accounts receivable and total assets. U.S. manufacturing firms are able to achieve significantly higher sales and total assets growth rates compared with European manufacturing firms.
Optimal Mixed Strategy Play: Professionals Can, Students Cannot, But What About the in Between Case?
Authors: Pfaff Jordan , McGarrity P. Joseph 
Published: November 2016

AbstractUsing penalty kicks in collegiate soccer matches, we test whether kickers choose where to place shots, and whether goalies choose where to dive in a way that is consistent with optimal mixed strategy play. The previous literature, studying professional soccer players, provides evidence of mixed strategy play in penalty kick scenarios. These results contrast with the evidence obtained in a lab, studying subjects who only play a game a few times and have insignificant monetary payoffs. These lab results find no evidence of mixed strategy play. The contrast between the results obtained from these very different environments makes it unclear which result generalizes to other settings. By studying college athletes, we analyze the middle ground, which is where most strategic decisions will be made. We find that college players employ optimal strategic play in some respects, but not in other respects.
Using Interactive Methods in Teaching Accounting
Authors: Sava Raluca 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Active learning shifts the focus of instruction from what the teacher should teach or deliver to students, to what the students should be able to do with the course material. Interactive methods are modern ways of stimulating teaching, representing tools of learning which favor the interchange of ideas, experiences, and knowledge. The purpose of this paper is to present a series of active teaching methods for the accounting data as being an alternative in the process of improving the teaching and learning of the accounting process.
Leaders – A Determinant Role
Authors: Vacar Anca 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
No matter of the business sector the company plays in, today leadership is essential in order to be successful, because when we speak about leadership we think about the power that is the result of the connection between a leader and his followers. Today it is important to have good managers that organize and conduct the company in order to achieve the objectives, but it is more important that the managers to be good leaders that have the power to influence other in participating for achieving companies goals.
Stories from Poland by a Welsh Soldier–John Elwyn Jones’s Translations
Authors: Klonowska Marta 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The majority of translations from Polish into Welsh published so far are the works of John Elwyn Jones (1921-2008), who learned Polish in a German prisoner-of-war camp during World War II. His translations include Storiâu Byr o’r Bwyleg, a collection of short stories by two of the classic authors of the Polish Positivist period, Bolesław Prus and Henryk Sienkiewicz. This paper analyses two stories from the collection, Ianco’r Cerddor “Janko Muzykant” and Y Wasgod “Kamizelka”, within a comparative functional model of translation criticism. The texts are analysed in the light of lexical-semantic, cultural and aesthetic codes. A great number of modifications to the source texts introduced in the Welsh translation places them on the border between free translations and adaptations. While some of the alterations are tokens of a specific translation strategy, others can be regarded as translation errors. Although the Welsh version retains the primary message of the original stories, much of their culture-specific dimension, historical context and artistic value is not conveyed in the translation.
Successful Learners of Irish as an L2: Motivation, Identity and Linguistic Mudes
Authors: Petit Kevin 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This article presents the results of a small-scale research conducted for a master’s thesis on the motivation to learn Irish on the part of university students and members of the Gaelic society An Cumann Gaelach. In the light of questionnaires’ results and interviews, the emphasis is placed on the links between motivation, identity, and potential key moments in learners’ lives. Using an AMTB-type questionnaire (n=45), the author puts to the test Dörnyei’s Motivational Self System theory (2005) in the context of the learning of Irish by looking at the correlation between the motivational intensity of 45 students and six variables (Ideal L2 Self, Ought to Self, Ideal L2 Community, Instrumentality, Parental encouragement, and Role of teachers). The notion of Ideal L2 Self, or the capacity to picture oneself speaking an L2 in the future, clearly appears to be strongly correlated with the respondents’ motivational intensity (r=.75 p<.01), in accordance with Dörnyei’s model. However results concerning extrinsic factors differ from previous research, putting forward distinctive features of the learning of minority languages. The second phase of the research looks at the language learning narratives of three An Cumann Gaelach’s members through the qualitative analysis of three interview transcripts. The results clearly show that time spent in Irish summer colleges are linguistic mudes (Pujolar and Puigdevall 2015), or key-moments, which triggered the interest in the language for the three students interviewed.
Motivational Factors in the Acquisition of Welsh in Poland
Authors: Rosiak Karolina , Hornsby Michael 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
For some years now, Welsh has been taught as a foreign language outside Wales, most especially in other Celtic countries, central Europe – and Poland. The first courses were established in the Catholic University of Lublin in the 1980s, and this provision has expanded over the years to include a Celtic language specialisation within the Faculty of English at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. Relying at first on teachers from Wales to provide instruction in Welsh, the Centre for Celtic Studies is increasingly producing new, competent speakers/users of Welsh among the Poles. An obvious question to be asked concerns motivational issues – why, on the eastern edges of the European Union, are there people willing to put the effort into learning a language from the far west of Europe, when they have, in some cases, little contact with regular users of Welsh? Through the use of focus group interviews, the present study attempts to discover what motivates Polish students to study Welsh in a context of limited direct contact with the speakers of the language and limited, indirect access to Welsh language and culture.