bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Energy Utilization in Ongole Grade and Ongole Grade x Limousin Young Bulls Fed Napier Grass and Concentrate
Authors: Rianto E. 
Published: February 2017

<h3><em>ABSTRACT</em><em></em></h3><p><em> </em></p><p><em> An experiment was carried out to investigate the efficiency of dietary energy utilisation in Ongole Grade (OG) and OG x Limousin (OGL) young bulls under intensive feeding regime. This experiment used 4 OG and 4 OGL young bulls (about 6 months old). The initial body weight of OG was 78</em><em>±</em><em>4.69 kg (CV=6.01%), and that of OGL was 91.25</em><em>±</em><em>12.62 kg (CV=13.80%). This experiment used “Independent Sample Comparison” method. Parameters observed were energy intake, energy digestibility, energy metabolisability, live weight gain and energy conversion. The results showed that dry matter (DM) intake of OG PO (26.87 g/ kg BB) was lower (P&lt;0.05) than that of OGL (33.05 g/ kg BB/d); so that energy intake of OG (0.43 MJ/kg BB/d) was also lower (P&lt;0,05) than that of OGL (0.55MJ/kg BB/d).</em><em> </em><em>However, were not significant difference (P&gt;0.05) between the two breeds in all other parameters observed. Dietary energy digestibility’s in OG and OGL were 52.60 and 52.20%, respectively. Energy m</em><em>etabolisability’s in OG and OGL were 44.30 and 42.90%, respectively. Live weight gain of were 0.325 and 0.412 kg/d in OG and OGL, respectively Energy conversions in OG and OGL were 46.44 and 55.90 MJ per kilogram live weight gain. It was concluded that OG and OGL young bulls under intensive feeding regime had similar performance in energy utilisation. </em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>Key words: cattle, breed, energy metabolism</em><em></em></p>
La violencia en las barras de fútbol. Una aproximación desde la etología y el psicoanálisis
Authors: Uribe Nicolás Ignacio , Castaño Guillermo 
Published: February 2017

En pasadas ocasiones hemos dicho que para estudiar los fenómenos de violencia entre los miembros de las barras del futbol en Colombia utilizamos algunos conceptos y teorías de los autores que han abordado los fenómenos de violencia, desde el vasto campo de la Psicología de las masas. Sin embargo, en esta ocasión vamos a retomar conceptos y teorías de la Etología, para articularlos con algunos que hemos tomado de nuestro recorrido por la psicología de las masas, y así establecer correspondencias teóricas (semejanzas pero también diferencias) que permitan triangular datos con la información que hemos obtenido de forma directa en la investigación de los fenómenos de violencia ya indicados.
Desarrollo de Plataforma para la Gestión de Expediente Clínico Electrónico e Imágenes Médicas como complemento de Colposcopio para Clínicas de Primer Nivel
Authors: Peña Aguilar Juan Manuel , Zertuche Zuani José Gerardo , Ríos Hernández Ezequiel , Ramirez Diaz Denisse Perla 
Published: February 2017

El presente artículo expone el desarrollo de un conjunto de sistemas que complementan el colposcopio de luz actínica, ya que permiten la captura y manipulación de imágenes médicas que posteriormente se anexan al expediente clínico electrónico incorporado en el primer sistema, una plataforma web, que cumple con las normas mexicanas de registro electrónico y expedientes clínicos para la salud.El segundo sistema es una aplicación de escritorio que permite la manipulación de las imágenes para una mejor visualización con herramientas como anotaciones, lupa, así como la visualización de múltiples imágenes. Este tipo de sistemas promueve el intercambio de información en salud al gestionar la información proporcionada por el paciente y llevar su registro, facilitando el seguimiento y la atención en clínicas de primer nivel, complementado con un sistema para el almacenamiento y distribución de imágenes médicas.
The Many Ways to Count the World: Counting Terms in Indigenous Languages and Cultures of Rondônia, Brazil
Authors: Da Silva Sinha Vera , Sampaio Wany , Sinha Christopher 
Published: February 2017

Linguistic theory has been preoccupied since midway through the twentieth century with the search for universals of language. However, more recently there has been increasing attention across the different disciplines that contribute to research in language to variation and difference. This goes together with a more recent focus on culture and language, approached through interdisciplinary research methods, including field research. In this article the authors report the results of a survey they conducted with the assistance of indigenous teachers about the counting term (number) systems of their native Amazonian languages. All the teachers were indigenous people from different communities living in the State of Rondônia, Brazil. This survey of twenty-three languages, belonging to seven different language families, confirms the observation that small counting term systems are a general feature of indigenous Amazonian languages. This article identifies two general features of counting term systems in the languages of Rondônia: a restricted number (less than five) of lexicalisations of number, and the productive combinatorial use of these terms to refer to larger quantities. It suggests that this is evidence of a way of thinking about and practicing counting that is shared across a cultural area. However, this generalization goes together with a high degree of of diversity in the specific patterns of lexicalisation and combination.
2014 UNESCO Lecture: ‘No-one died covering celebrity news’
Authors: Ellis Gavin 
Published: February 2017

Commentary: We enjoy freedom of speech in New Zealand, even though the Bill of Rights Act guarantee can be over-ridden. We have a variety of privately owned news media, even though the vast majority are owned by overseas interests. We have state-owned radio and television, even though our major television network was freed of its public service broadcasting obligations in order to pursue commercial goals. We have high quality tertiary institutions to train our future journalists, even though the ranks of our newsrooms have been systematically depleted. We have sophisticated telecommunications services, even though only 1 percent of us have optical broadband. The qualifications will not be lost on you. In other words, when I reflect on our good fortune I see that it is tempered by shortcomings, actual and potential. In this address I argue that the shortcomings are increasing and, if unchecked, ultimately threaten the way we function as a society.
Economic Contribution of Home-stay in Nepal
Authors: Malla Thakuri Indra Bahadur , Nepal Govinda 
Published: February 2017

Home-stay is new model of tourism development in Nepal which provides an excellent opportunity to share, see and feel the diverse countryside lifestyle, local culture, and tradition. It promotes the rural economy through the promotion of rural tourism. The article aims to assess the economic contribution of home-stay entities of Nepal, based on the descriptive and exploratory design. Data were collected from the 102 home-stay entities of Lamjung, Tanahu and Nawalparasi districts. Statistical result shows that there is a significant increase in income and expenditure of local people in all sample study areas. It is found that majority of respondents have managed their household expenditure from the income of home-stay entities. The income status of Nawalparasi district is better than in the other two districts whereas the expenditure of Tanahu district is higher than in the other two districts. It indicates the better economic status of Nawalparasi district. All home-stay operators have reported the increment in their savings, which directly contributes to the improvement in their economic status. However, it is also found that there is a need to improve the quality of service to increase the flow of local and foreign tourists to increase the income of home-stay operators.Journal of Advanced Academic Research Vol. 3, No.3, 2016, page:1-10
Structuring Legacy Pathology Reports by openEHR Archetypes to Enable Semantic Querying
Authors: Krücken Peter , Mueller Wolf , Denecke Kerstin , Kropf Stefan 
Published: February 2017

SummaryBackground: Clinical information is often stored as free text, e.g. in discharge summaries or pathology reports. These documents are semi-structured using section headers, numbered lists, items and classification strings. However, it is still challenging to retrieve relevant documents since keyword searches applied on complete unstructured documents result in many false positive retrieval results.Objectives: We are concentrating on the processing of pathology reports as an example for unstructured clinical documents. The objective is to transform reports semi- automatically into an information structure that enables an improved access and retrieval of relevant data. The data is expected to be stored in a standardized, structured way to make it accessible for queries that are applied to specific sections of a document (section-sensitive queries) and for information reuse.Methods: Our processing pipeline comprises information modelling, section boundary detection and section-sensitive queries. For enabling a focused search in unstructured data, documents are automatically structured and transformed into a patient information model specified through openEHR archetypes. The resulting XML-based pathology electronic health records (PEHRs) are queried by XQuery and visualized by XSLT in HTML.Results: Pathology reports (PRs) can be reliably structured into sections by a keyword- based approach. The information modelling using openEHR allows saving time in the modelling process since many archetypes can be reused. The resulting standardized, structured PEHRs allow accessing relevant data by retrieving data matching user queries.Conclusions: Mapping unstructured reports into a standardized information model is a practical solution for a better access to data. Archetype-based XML enables section-sensitive retrieval and visualisation by well-established XML techniques. Focussing the retrieval to particular sections has the potential of saving retrieval time and improving the accuracy of the retrieval.
Cosmic Web of Galaxies in the COSMOS Field: Public Catalog and Different Quenching for Centrals and Satellites
Authors: Darvish Behnam , Mobasher Bahram , Martin D. Christopher , Sobral David , Scoville Nick , Stroe Andra , Hemmati Shoubaneh , Kartaltepe Jeyhan 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We use a mass complete (log(

)

) sample of galaxies with accurate photometric redshifts in the COSMOS field to construct the density field and the cosmic web to z = 1.2. The comic web extraction relies on the density field Hessian matrix and breaks the density field into clusters, filaments, and the field. We provide the density field and cosmic web measures to the community. We show that at z ≲ 0.8, the median star formation rate (SFR) in the cosmic web gradually declines from the field to clusters and this decline is especially sharp for satellites (∼1 dex versus ∼0.5 dex for centrals). However, at z ≳ 0.8, the trend flattens out for the overall galaxy population and satellites. For star-forming (SF) galaxies only, the median SFR is constant at z ≳ 0.5 but declines by ∼0.3–0.4 dex from the field to clusters for satellites and centrals at z ≲ 0.5. We argue that for satellites, the main role of the cosmic web environment is to control their SF fraction, whereas for centrals, it is mainly to control their overall SFR at z ≲ 0.5 and to set their fraction at z ≳ 0.5. We suggest that most satellites experience a rapid quenching mechanism as they fall from the field into clusters through filaments, whereas centrals mostly undergo a slow environmental quenching at z ≲ 0.5 and a fast mechanism at higher redshifts. Our preliminary results highlight the importance of the large-scale cosmic web on galaxy evolution.
Measuring Alignments between Galaxies and the Cosmic Web at z ∼ 2–3 Using IGM Tomography
Authors: Krolewski Alex , Lee Khee-Gan , Lukić Zarija , White Martin 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Many galaxy formation models predict alignments between galaxy spin and the cosmic web (i.e., directions of filaments and sheets), leading to an intrinsic alignment between galaxies that creates a systematic error in weak-lensing measurements. These effects are often predicted to be stronger at high redshifts (z ≳ 1) that are inaccessible to massive galaxy surveys on foreseeable instrumentation, but IGM tomography of the Lyα forest from closely spaced quasars and galaxies is starting to measure the z ∼ 2–3 cosmic web with requisite fidelity. Using mock surveys from hydrodynamical simulations, we examine the utility of this technique, in conjunction with coeval galaxy samples, to measure alignment between galaxies and the cosmic web at z ∼ 2.5. We show that IGM tomography surveys with ≲5 h
−1 Mpc sightline spacing can accurately recover the eigenvectors of the tidal tensor, which we use to define the directions of the cosmic web. For galaxy spins and shapes, we use a model parameterized by the alignment strength,

, with respect to the tidal tensor eigenvectors from the underlying density field, and also consider observational effects such as errors in the galaxy position angle, inclination, and redshift. Measurements using the upcoming ∼1 deg2 CLAMATO tomographic survey and 600 coeval zCOSMOS-Deep galaxies should place 3σ limits on extreme alignment models with

, but much larger surveys encompassing >10,000 galaxies, such as Subaru PFS, will be required to constrain models with

. These measurements will constrain models of galaxy–cosmic web alignment and test tidal torque theory at z ∼ 2, improving our understanding of the physics of intrinsic alignments.
Revisiting the Redshift Distribution of Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Swift Era
Authors: Le Truong , Mehta Vedant 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Le & Dermer developed a gamma-ray burst (GRB) model to fit the redshift and the jet opening angle distributions measured with pre-Swift and Swift missions and showed that GRBs do not follow the star formation rate. Their fitted results were obtained without the opening angle distribution from Swift with an incomplete Swift sample, and the calculated jet opening angle distribution was obtained by assuming a flat

spectrum. In this paper, we revisit the work done by Le & Dermer with an assumed broken power law GRB spectrum. Utilizing more than 100 GRBs in the Swift sample that include both the observed estimated redshifts and jet opening angles, we obtain a GRB burst rate functional form that gives acceptable fits to the pre-Swift and Swift redshift and jet opening angle distributions with an indication that an excess of GRBs exists at low redshift below

. The mean redshifts and jet opening angles for pre-Swift (Swift) are

(1.7) and

(

), respectively. Assuming a GRB rate density (SFR9), similar to the Hopkins & Beacom star formation history and as extended by Li, the fraction of high-redshift GRBs is estimated to be below 10% and 5% at

and

, respectively, and below 10% at

.
Immediate effects of EVA midsole resilience and upper shoe structure on running biomechanics: a machine learning approach
Authors: Onodera Andrea N. , Gavião Neto Wilson P. , Roveri Maria Isabel , Oliveira Wagner R. , Sacco Isabel CN 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundResilience of midsole material and the upper structure of the shoe are conceptual characteristics that can interfere in running biomechanics patterns. Artificial intelligence techniques can capture features from the entire waveform, adding new perspective for biomechanical analysis. This study tested the influence of shoe midsole resilience and upper structure on running kinematics and kinetics of non-professional runners by using feature selection, information gain, and artificial neural network analysis.MethodsTwenty-seven experienced male runners (63 ± 44 km/week run) ran in four-shoe design that combined two resilience-cushioning materials (low and high) and two uppers (minimalist and structured). Kinematic data was acquired by six infrared cameras at 300 Hz, and ground reaction forces were acquired by two force plates at 1,200 Hz. We conducted a Machine Learning analysis to identify features from the complete kinematic and kinetic time series and from 42 discrete variables that had better discriminate the four shoes studied. For that analysis, we built an input data matrix of dimensions 1,080 (10 trials × 4 shoes × 27 subjects) × 1,254 (3 joints × 3 planes of movement × 101 data points + 3 vectors forces × 101 data points + 42 discrete calculated kinetic and kinematic features).ResultsThe applied feature selection by information gain and artificial neural networks successfully differentiated the two resilience materials using 200(16%) biomechanical variables with an accuracy of 84.8% by detecting alterations of running biomechanics, and the two upper structures with an accuracy of 93.9%.DiscussionThe discrimination of midsole resilience resulted in lower accuracy levels than did the discrimination of the shoe uppers. In both cases, the ground reaction forces were among the 25 most relevant features. The resilience of the cushioning material caused significant effects on initial heel impact, while the effects of different uppers were distributed along the stance phase of running. Biomechanical changes due to shoe midsole resilience seemed to be subject-dependent, while those due to upper structure seemed to be subject-independent.
Meteorological influence on summertime baroclinic exchange in the Straits of Mackinac
Authors: Anderson Eric J. , Schwab David J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractStraits flows can impose a complex hydrodynamic environment with high seasonal variability and significant impacts to nearby water bodies. In the Straits of Mackinac, exchange flow between Lake Michigan and Lake Huron influences water quality and ecological processes, as well as the transport of any contaminants released in or near the straits. Although previous work has shown that a Helmholtz mode is responsible for the barotropic flow oscillations in the straits, baroclinic effects impose opposite surface and subsurface flows during the summer months. In this study, we use observations of currents and water temperatures from instruments deployed in the straits to validate a hydrodynamic model of the combined Lake Michigan‐Huron system and then use the model results to investigate the baroclinic flow and determine the forcing mechanisms that drive exchange flow in the Straits of Mackinac. Analysis shows that although the Helmholtz mode drives a 3 day oscillation throughout the year, thermal stratification in the summer establishes a bidirectional flow that is governed by a shift from regional‐scale to local‐scale meteorological conditions. These results detail the seasonal variability in the straits, including the barotropic and baroclinic contributions to exchange flow and the influence of local atmospheric forcing on transport through the Straits of Mackinac.
Concentrations and cycling of DMS, DMSP, and DMSO in coastal and offshore waters of the Subarctic Pacific during summer, 2010‐2011
Authors: Asher Elizabeth , Dacey John W. , Ianson Debby , Peña Angelica , Tortell Philippe D. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractConcentrations of dimethylsulfide (DMS), measured in the Subarctic Pacific during summer 2010 and 2011, ranged from ∼1 to 40 nM, while dissolved dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) concentrations (range 13‐23 nM) exceeded those of dissolved dimethyl sulfoniopropionate (DMSP) (range 1.3–8.8 nM). Particulate DMSP dominated the reduced sulfur pool, reaching maximum concentrations of 100 nM. Coastal and off shore waters exhibited similar overall DMS concentration ranges, but sea‐air DMS fluxes were lower in the oceanic waters due to lower wind speeds. Surface DMS concentrations showed statistically significant correlations with various hydrographic variables including the upwelling intensity (r2 = 0.52, p < 0.001) and the Chlorophyll a/mixed layer depth ratio (r2 = 0.52, p < 0.001), but these relationships provided little predictive power at small scales. Stable isotope tracer experiments indicated that the DMSP cleavage pathway always exceeded the DMSO reduction pathway as a DMS source, leading to at least 85% more DMS production in each experiment. Gross DMS production rates were positively correlated with the upwelling intensity, while net rates of DMS production were significantly correlated to surface water DMS concentrations. This latter result suggests that our measurements captured dominant processes driving surface DMS accumulation across a coastal‐oceanic gradient.
Hydrographic and fish larvae distribution during the “Godzilla El Niño 2015–2016” in the northern end of the shallow oxygen minimum zone of the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean
Authors: Sánchez‐Velasco L. , Beier E. , Godínez V. M. , Barton E. D. , Santamaría‐del‐Angel E. , Jiménez‐Rosemberg S. P. A. , Marinone S. G. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBased on hydrographic data and vertical distributions of tropical species of fish larvae (Diogenichthys laternatus, Vinciguerria lucetia, Bregmaceros bathymaster, and Auxis spp.), effects of “Godzilla El Niño 2015–2016” in the shallow oxygen minimum zone off Mexico were analyzed. Zooplankton samples were collected during four cruises, before (February 2010 and April 2012) and during (June 2015 and March 2016) the warm event. Temporal series of sea surface temperature revealed that June 2015 was the warmest June of the last years. Conservative temperature was >2°C higher than normal in the surface mixed layer, and the suboxic layer (4.4 µmol/kg) reached as shallow as 100 m depth. Unexpected results were that larval abundances were relatively high during the warm event, unlike zooplankton volumes, which declined. Before the warm event, V. lucetia and Auxis spp. were more abundant in the surface mixed layer, while B. bathymaster and D. laternatus dominated in the thermocline and shallow hypoxic layer (44 µmol/kg). However, during the event in June 2015, all species were most abundant in the surface mixed layer, which implied that the species adapted to hypoxia had inverted their normal pattern of distribution, possibly as consequence of the rise of the suboxic layer; however, further observations are required to confirm this generality. Results showed no dramatic change in the total larval abundance during the warm event. Nevertheless, a differential response in their vertical distribution was evident in association with changes in the depth of the shallow hypoxic and suboxic layers. This might indicate adaptability of tropical species to prolonged periods of warming in the oceans.