bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mumps virus-induced innate immune responses in mouse Sertoli and Leydig cells
Authors: Wu Han , Shi Lili , Wang Qing , Cheng Lijing , Zhao Xiang , Chen Qiaoyuan , Jiang Qian , Feng Min , Li Qihan , Han Daishu 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMumps virus (MuV) infection frequently causes orchitis and impairs male fertility. However, the mechanisms underlying the innate immune responses to MuV infection in the testis have yet to be investigated. This study showed that MuV induced innate immune responses in mouse Sertoli and Leydig cells through TLR2 and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) signaling, which result in the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, CXCL10 and type 1 interferons (IFN-α and IFN-β). By contrast, MuV did not induce the cytokine production in male germ cells. In response to MuV infection, Sertoli cells produced higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines but lower levels of type 1 IFNs than Leydig cells did. The MuV-induced cytokine production by Sertoli and Leydig cells was significantly reduced by the knockout of TLR2 or the knockdown of RIG-I signaling. The local injection of MuV into the testis triggered the testicular innate immune responses in vivo. Moreover, MuV infection suppressed testosterone synthesis by Leydig cells. This is the first study examining the innate immune responses to MuV infection in testicular cells. The results provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying the MuV-induced innate immune responses in the testis.
Directional memory arises from long-lived cytoskeletal asymmetries in polarized chemotactic cells
Authors: Prentice-Mott Harrison V. , Meroz Yasmine , Carlson Andreas , Levine Michael A. , Davidson Michael W. , Irimia Daniel , Charras Guillaume T. , Mahadevan L. , Shah Jagesh V. 
Published: January 2016

Significance
Cells orient their motility along chemical gradients using sensitive measurements of the external environment, a process termed chemotaxis. How cells sense, respond to, and remember varying environmental stimuli is only just beginning to be understood. Here, we identify a directional memory in chemotactic neutrophil-like cells. This memory allows cells to orient in low signal gradients and even uniform environments. This memory can be modeled by distinct time scales of chemical sensing and cytoskeletal dynamics, pointing to a general strategy of separating time scales for robust behavioral dynamics in cellular systems. Disrupting specific long-lived molecular assemblies erases directional memory. These studies reveal a novel directional memory resulting from distinct molecular time scales and contributing to chemotactic robustness in migrating cells.
Utilization of a photoactivatable antigen system to examine B-cell probing termination and the B-cell receptor sorting mechanisms during B-cell activation
Authors: Wang Jing , Tang Shan , Wan Zhengpeng , Gao Yiren , Cao Yiyun , Yi Junyang , Si Yanyan , Zhang Haowen , Liu Lei , Liu Wanli 
Published: January 2016

Significance
B-cell receptor (BCR) and antigen engagement induces several responses resulting in B-cell activation. However, it has been difficult to study these responses due to their dynamic nature. To solve this problem, a photoactivatable antigen, caged 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl acetyl (caged-NP), was developed. B cells contacting caged-NP exhibited probing behaviors that are cell intrinsic with strict dependence on F-actin remodeling. B-cell probing behaviors were terminated within 4 s after the photoactivation of caged-NP. The termination of B-cell probing was concomitant with the accumulation response of the BCRs into the BCR microclusters. The analysis of temporally segregated single molecule images demonstrated that antigen binding induced trapping of BCRs into the BCR microclusters is a fundamental mechanism for B cells to acquire antigens.
Potential benefit of electronic pharmacy claims data to prevent medication history errors and resultant inpatient order errors
Authors: Pevnick Joshua M , Palmer Katherine A , Shane Rita , Wu Cindy N , Bell Douglas S , Diaz Frank , Cook-Wiens Galen , Jackevicius Cynthia A 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Objective We sought to assess the potential of a widely available source of electronic medication data to prevent medication history errors and resultant inpatient order errors.
Methods We used admission medication history (AMH) data from a recent clinical trial that identified 1017 AMH errors and 419 resultant inpatient order errors among 194 hospital admissions of predominantly older adult patients on complex medication regimens. Among the subset of patients for whom we could access current Surescripts electronic pharmacy claims data (SEPCD), two pharmacists independently assessed error severity and our main outcome, which was whether SEPCD (1) was unrelated to the medication error; (2) probably would not have prevented the error; (3) might have prevented the error; or (4) probably would have prevented the error.
Results Seventy patients had both AMH errors and current, accessible SEPCD. SEPCD probably would have prevented 110 (35%) of 315 AMH errors and 46 (31%) of 147 resultant inpatient order errors. When we excluded the least severe medication errors, SEPCD probably would have prevented 99 (47%) of 209 AMH errors and 37 (61%) of 61 resultant inpatient order errors. SEPCD probably would have prevented at least one AMH error in 42 (60%) of 70 patients.
Conclusion When current SEPCD was available for older adult patients on complex medication regimens, it had substantial potential to prevent AMH errors and resultant inpatient order errors, with greater potential to prevent more severe errors. Further study is needed to measure the benefit of SEPCD in actual use at hospital admission.
Is Reflective Ability Associated With Professionalism Lapses During Medical School?
Authors: Hoffman Leslie A. , Shew Ronald L. , Vu T. Robert , Brokaw James J. , Frankel Richard M. 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
Recently, many have argued that learning to reflect on one’s experiences is a critical component of professional identity formation and of professionalism. However, little empirical evidence exists to support this claim. This study explored the association between reflective ability and professionalism lapses among medical students.

Method
The authors conducted a retrospective case–control study of all students who matriculated at Indiana University School of Medicine from 2001 to 2009. The case group (n = 70) included those students who had been cited for a professionalism lapse during medical school; the students in the control group (n = 230) were randomly selected from the students who had not been cited for a professionalism lapse. Students’ professionalism journal entries were scored using a validated rubric to assess reflective ability. Mean reflection scores were compared across groups using t tests, and logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between reflective ability and professionalism lapses.

Results
Reflection scores for students in the case group (2.46 ± 1.05) were significantly lower than those for students in the control group (2.82 ± 0.83) (P = .01). A lower reflection score was associated with an increased likelihood that the student had been cited for a professionalism lapse (odds ratio = 1.56; P < .01).

Conclusions
This study revealed a significant relationship between reflective ability and professionalism, although further study is needed to draw any conclusions regarding causation. These findings provide quantitative evidence to support current anecdotal claims about the relationship between reflection and professionalism.
Choosing panels of genomics assays using submodular optimization
Authors: Wei Kai , Libbrecht Maxwell W. , Bilmes Jeffrey A. , Stafford Noble William 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAlthough the cost of high-throughput DNA sequencing continues to drop, extensively characterizing a given cell type using assays such as ChIP-seq and DNase-seq is still expensive. As a result, epigenomic characterization of a cell type is typically carried out using a small panel of assay types. Deciding aprioriwhich assays to perform—e.g., a few complementary histone modification ChIP-seq experiments, perhaps an open chromatin assay, plus a few diverse transcription factor assays—is thus a critical step in many studies. Unfortunately, the field currently lacks a principled method for making these choices. We present submodular selection of assays (SSA), a method for choosing a diverse panel of genomic assays that leverages methods from the field of submodular optimization. We also describe a series of evaluation methods that allow us to measure the quality of a selected assay panel in the context of inference tasks such as data imputation, functional element prediction, and semi-automated genome annotation. Applying this evaluation framework to data from the ENCODE and Roadmap Epigenomics Consortia, we provide empirical evidence that SSA provides high quality panels of assays. The method is computationally efficient and is theoretically optimal under certain assumptions. SSA is extremely flexible, and can be employed to select assays for a new cell type or to select additional assays to be performed in a partially characterized cell type. More generally, this application serves as a model for how submodular optimization can be applied to other discrete problems in biology. SSA is available athttp://melodi.ee.washington.edu/assay_panel_selection.html.
The role of contact inhibition in intratumoral heterogeneity: An off-lattice individual based model
Authors: Gallaher Jill , Anderson Alexander R.A. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWe present a model that shows how intratumoral heterogeneity, in terms of tumor cell phenotypic traits, can evolve in a tumor mass as a result of selection when space is a limited resource. This model specifically looks at the traits of proliferation rate and migration speed. The competition for space amongst individuals in the tumor mass creates a selection pressure for the cells with the fittest traits. To allow for organic movement and capture the invasive behavior, we use an off-lattice individual-based model.
SC3 - consensus clustering of single-cell RNA-Seq data
Authors: Kiselev Vladimir Yu. , Kirschner Kristina , Schaub Michael T. , Andrews Tallulah , Yiu Andrew , Chandra Tamir , Natarajan Kedar N , Reik Wolf , Barahona Mauricio , Green Anthony R , Hemberg Martin 
Published: January 2016

AbstractUsing single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq), the full transcriptome of individual cells can be acquired, enabling a quantitative cell-type characterisation based on expression profiles. However, due to the large variability in gene expression, identifying cell types based on the transcriptome remains challenging. We present Single-Cell Consensus Clustering (SC3), a tool for unsupervised clustering of scRNA-seq data. SC3 achieves high accuracy and robustness by consistently integrating different clustering solutions through a consensus approach. Tests on twelve published datasets show that SC3 outperforms five existing methods while remaining scalable, as shown by the analysis of a large dataset containing 44,808 cells. Moreover, an interactive graphical implementation makes SC3 accessible to a wide audience of users, and SC3 aids biological interpretation by identifying marker genes, differentially expressed genes and outlier cells. We illustrate the capabilities of SC3 by characterising newly obtained transcriptomes from subclones of neoplastic cells collected from patients.
Principal component of explained variance: an efficient and optimal data dimension reduction framework for association studies
Authors: Turgeon Maxime , Oualkacha Karim , Ciampi Antonio , Dehghan Golsa , Zanke Brent W. , Benedet Andréa L. , Rosa-Neto Pedro , Greenwood Celia MT. , Labbe Aurélie ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe genomics era has led to an increase in the dimensionality of the data collected to investigate biological questions. In this context, dimension-reduction techniques can be used to summarize high-dimensional signals into low-dimensional ones, to further test for association with one or more covariates of interest. This paper revisits one such approach, previously known as Principal Component of Heritability and renamed here asPrincipal Component of Explained Variance(PCEV). As its name suggests, the PCEV seeks a linear combination of outcomes in an optimal manner, by maximising the proportion of variance explained by one or several covariates of interest. By construction, this method optimises power but limited by its computational complexity, it has unfortunately received little attention in the past. Here, we propose a general analytical PCEV framework that builds on the assets of the original method, i.e. conceptually simple and free of tuning parameters. Moreover, our framework extends the range of applications of the original procedure by providing a computationally simple strategy for high-dimensional outcomes, along with exact and asymptotic testing procedures that drastically reduce its computational cost. We investigate the merits of the PCEV using an extensive set of simulations. Furthermore, the use of the PCEV approach will be illustrated using three examples taken from the epigenetics and brain imaging areas.
A blueprint for food safety in China
Authors: Connolly Aidan J , Luo Leona Shaojing , Woolsey Michael , Lyons Mark , Phillips-Connolly Kate 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to offer a blueprint, or outline considerations for the continuing evolution of the Chinese food safety system.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper begins with the review of the current food safety system in China and the demonstration of the successes in national food safety programmes. It goes on to identify the specific problems through food sully China, and further to analyse the potential for implementing the key learnings from other national food safety programmes in the Chinese context.

Findings
– The paper suggests a five-point Blueprint for food safety in China and other countries, allowing for the development of a robust food safety system, by combining the elements with best practice from system created by food safety practitioners internationally.

Research limitations/implications
– It should be noted that even since the authors began developing this model China has already adopted a number of the recommendations covered by this Blueprint and is actively considering others.

Originality/value
– This paper fulfills an identified information/resources need and offers a blueprint, or outline of considerations for the continuing evolution of the Chinese food safety system.
Surface analysis of polymeric substrates used for inkjet printing technology
Authors: Pietrikova Alena , Lukacs Peter , Jakubeczyova Dagmar , Ballokova Beata , Potencki Jerzy , Tomaszewski Grzegorz , Pekarek Jan , Prikrylova Katerina , Fides Martin 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– This paper aims to find an optimal surface treatment of commonly used polymeric substrates for achieve the high adhesion of printed structures. For this reason, the investigation of substrates surfaces from different perspectives is presented in this paper.

Design/methodology/approach
– The contact angle measurements as well as the roughness measurements were realised for the analysis of surface properties of investigated substrates. The impact of applied chemical agents for surface treatment onto the wettability is analysed for polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalene substrates.

Findings
– The results prove the correlation among wettability, surface energy and work of adhesion with respect to the theoretical background. The surface treatment of polymeric substrates by chemical agents, such as acetone, toluene, ethanol, isopropyl and fluor silane polymer, has a significant impact onto the wettability of substrates which affects the final deposition process of nanoinks.

Originality/value
– The main benefit of the surfaces’ investigation presented in this paper lays in surface modification by readily available chemical agents for optimising the deposition process nanoinks used in inkjet printing technology.
The role of social media during the pre-purchasing stage
Authors: Song Sujin , Yoo Myongjee 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine whether social media may impact a customer’s purchasing decision during the pre-purchase stage of service consumption.Design/methodology/approach– This study implemented a primary field survey design and developed an online self-administered questionnaire. A total of 285 usable questionnaires were collected. Factor analysis was performed to condense the large set of independent variables, and multiple regression analysis was performed to test the study hypotheses.Findings– The results indicate that the benefits of social media do have a positive relation with customers purchase decision, but not all items are crucial to a similar extent. Functional (convenience, efficiency, information, sharing experiences) and monetary (free coupons, price discounts, special deals) benefits from social media were found to have a positive impact on customers’ purchase decision (H1,H2), while socio-psychological benefits were found to have no relationship with customers’ decision (H4). Still, hedonic benefits (amusement, enjoyment, entertainment, fun) were found to have a relationship with purchase decision (H3).Originality/value– While social media received much attention in research due to its rapid development and its popularity, there are still limited studies that investigated the effect of social media during the pre-purchasing stage. Findings of this study are expected to contribute to the growing body of hospitality research on social media. Additionally, this research is expected to assist hospitality businesses to understand customers’ behavior regards to social media and develop appropriate marketing strategies.
Equilibrium liquidity premia of private equity funds
Authors: Buchner Axel 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel theory of the equilibrium liquidity premia of private equity funds and explore its asset-pricing implications.

Design/methodology/approach
– The theory assumes that investors are exposed to the risk of facing surprise liquidity shocks, which upon arrival force them to liquidate their positions on the secondary private equity markets at some stochastic discount to the fund’s current net asset value. Assuming a competitive market where fund managers capture all rents from managing the funds and investors just break even on their positions, liquidity premia are defined as the risk-adjusted excess returns that fund managers must generate to compensate investors for the costs of illiquidity. The model is calibrated to data of buyout funds and is illustrated by using numerical simulations.

Findings
– The model analysis generates a rich set of novel implications. These concern how fund characteristics affect liquidity premia, the role of the investors’ propensities of liquidity shocks in determining liquidity premia and the impact of market conditions and cycles on liquidity premia.

Originality/value
– This is the first paper that derives liquidity premia of private equity funds in an equilibrium setting in which investors are exposed to the risk of facing surprise liquidity shocks.
Performance management in healthcare: a critical analysis
Authors: Hewko Sarah J. , Cummings Greta G. 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the underlying theoretical assumptions and implications of current micro-level performance management and evaluation (PME) practices, specifically within health-care organizations. PME encompasses all activities that are designed and conducted to align employee outputs with organizational goals.Design/methodology/approach– PME, in the context of healthcare, is analyzed through the lens of critical theory. Specifically, Habermas’ theory of communicative action is used to highlight some of the questions that arise in looking critically at PME. To provide a richer definition of key theoretical concepts, the authors conducted a preliminary, exploratory hermeneutic semantic analysis of the key words “performance” and “management” and of the term “performance management”.Findings– Analysis reveals that existing micro-level PME systems in health-care organizations have the potential to create a workforce that is compliant, dependent, technically oriented and passive, and to support health-care systems in which inequalities and power imbalances are perpetually reinforced.Practical implications– At a time when the health-care system is under increasing pressure to provide high-quality, affordable services with fewer resources, it may be wise to investigate new sector-specific ways of evaluating and managing performance.Originality/value– In this paper, written for health-care leaders and health human resource specialists, the theoretical assumptions and implications of current PME practices within health-care organizations are explored. It is hoped that readers will be inspired to support innovative PME practices within their organizations that encourage peak performance among health-care professionals.
The significance of perceived social-organization climate for creating employees’ innovativeness
Authors: Wojtczuk-Turek Agnieszka , Turek Dariusz 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to describe and explain the relationship between perceived social-organizational climate (PSOC), organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) of other employees and innovative workplace behaviors (IWB) initiated and performed by employees. The mediating role of person-organization fit (P-O Fit) is tested within the relationship of PSOC, OCB and IWB.Design/methodology/approach– The study was conducted anonymously on a group of 246 employees from 76 companies operating in Poland. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used in the process of statistical analysis.Findings– The research confirmed a significant statistical relationship between IWB and all studied variables: PSOC, OCB and P-O Fit. On the basis of the analysis, using SEM, it may be concluded that PSOC and OCB of other employees have an indirect influence on IWB, via P-O Fit.Research limitations/implications– A cross-sectional design and use of self-reported questionnaire data are limitations of this study.Originality/value– The combination of variables presented in the research model may explain the significance of the chosen determinants of behaviors which are the key ones from the perspective of the company’s effectiveness and competitiveness on the market. The results of this research extend the knowledge in the area of relationships of innovation in the workplace with aspects of social functioning in the organization.
Services management and the growing number of Asian travellers – what needs re-thinking?
Authors: Dioko Leonardo (Don) A.N. 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– This paper aims to explore the rationale for the theme issue question “Services management and the growing number of Asian travellers – what needs re-thinking?” and profile the theme issue.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper explains the approach taken to investigate and respond to aspects of the theme issue question and the specific contribution of each article in the theme issue collection.

Findings
– This paper identifies a number of action points arising from the theme issue which are discussed in the final article: Conclusion: What needs re-thinking in services management in the dawning age of Asian travellers?

Originality/value
– There are very few articles that address the implications of rapidly growing outbound Asian travel for services management; so, this theme issue provides a significant step forward, with implications for both academics and practitioners.