bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical significance of coefficient of variation in continuous glucose monitoring for glycemic management in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Urakami Tatsuhiko , Terada Hiroki , Tanabe Satomi , Mine Yusuke , Aoki Masako , Aoki Ryoji , Suzuki Junichi , Morioka Ichiro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAims/IntroductionCoefficient of variation (CV) is an indicator for glucose variability in continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and the target threshold of %CV in type 1 diabetes is proposed to be ≤36%. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of CV in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.Materials and MethodsParticipants included 66 children with type 1 diabetes. A total of 48 participants were treated with multiple daily injections of insulin, and 18 with continues subcutaneous insulin infusion, using intermittently scanned CGM. The frequencies of the CGM metrics and glycosylated hemoglobin values were examined, and the significance of a threshold %CV of 36% was evaluated.ResultsThe mean frequencies in time in range (TIR), time below range, %CV and the mean glycosylated hemoglobin value were 59.3 ± 16.1, 4.0 ± 3.5, 39.3 ± 6.2 and 7.3 ± 0.8%, respectively. The frequencies of participants who achieved a TIR >70% and a %CV of ≤36% were 24.1 and 27.3%, respectively. A total of 18 participants with a %CV of ≤36% had significantly higher TIR, lower time below range and lower glycosylated hemoglobin than the 48 with a %CV of >36% (72.6 ± 12.6 vs 52.4 ± 13.6, 2.4 ± 1.9 vs 4.6 ± 3.6, 6.9 ± 0.8 vs 7.4 ± 0.7%, respectively).ConclusionsChildren and adolescents with type 1 diabetes using intermittently scanned CGM had difficulties in achieving the recommended targets of TIR and CV. However, the target %CV of ≤36% seems to be an appropriate indicator for assessing glycemic control and risk of hypoglycemia in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes with any treatment.
Modified Surgical Guide for Root Sectioning in the Socket Shield Technique—In Vitro Study
Authors: de Mello Vasconcellos João Manoel , Pereira Daniel Valvassori , Fukuoka Gisele Lie , Mukai Eduardo , Sesma Newton 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a printed surgical guide for root sectioning in the socket‐shield technique.Materials and MethodsA typodont model of the maxilla with augmented filler was used for the upper right central incisor, and CBCT images were obtained. Two types of vertical root sectioning guides were tested: one with a buccal sleeve (Group A, n = 10) and another with a buccal orientation slit (Group B, n = 10). Control group (n = 10) performed freehand cuts on printed models. After crown cutting with diamond burs, root sectioning was conducted using an ultrasonic tip with the guides. Mean and standard deviation were calculated for the remaining root length, width, and volume. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn's post hoc test.ResultsStatistical analysis showed significant differences in root width between the control group (2.0 mm) and both Groups A (2.655 mm; p < 0.0001) and B (2.460 mm; p < 0.0001). Group B (5.585 mm) also showed a significant difference in root remnant compared with the control (13.880 mm; p < 0.0043). Groups A and B did not differ significantly from each other.ConclusionsThe socket shield technique is safe and effective, this study aimed to add improvements through the introduction of surgical guides, facilitating the root section, which is the critical phase so that the parameters that are requisite for success are achieved in terms of width, length, and volume of the root remnant. Both guided techniques effectively facilitated root sectioning, maintaining satisfactory root thickness and length.Clinical SignificanceSectioning the root is challenging for the correct angulation to remove the palatal portion in the socket shield technique. Therefore, modifying this technique with the use of the presented guides, it is possible to prevent damage to the soft tissues and to plan the surgery with the help of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans to remove the root apex and maintain the root remnant with a thickness greater than 1.5 mm, making the socket‐shield technique more predictable.
Microsporidia secretory effectors and their roles in pathogenesis
Authors: Ran Maoshuang , Yang Wenxin , Faryad Khan Muhammad Usman , Li Tian , Pan Guoqing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMicrosporidia, a group of unicellular eukaryotic parasites, rely intensely on secretory effectors for successful invasion and proliferation within host cells. This review focuses on the identification, characterization, and functional roles of effectors, including secretory proteins and microRNAs. The adhesion proteins like the Ricin‐B‐lectin facilitate initial invasion, which binds to the host cell surface. Once inside, microsporidia deploy a range of effectors to modulate host immune responses, such as serpin proteins, and redirect host cell metabolism to meet the parasite's nutritional needs through hexokinase. Some effectors such as microRNAs, alter the host gene expression to create a more favorable intracellular parasitic environment. In conclusion, the secretory effectors of microsporidia play a pivotal role spanning from host cell invasion to intracellular establishment. In the future, more effectors secreted by microsporidia will be studied, which will not only help to elucidate the molecular mechanism of pathogenic manipulation of the host but also help to provide the potential targets for anti‐parasitic treatments.
Developing flood risk curves of agricultural economic damage under climate change in the Lower Chao Phraya River Basin, Thailand
Authors: Budhathoki Aakanchya , Tanaka Tomohiro , Tachikawa Yasuto 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRice is a major agricultural crop in Thailand, while paddy fields near river lines are exposed to high flood risk. This study assesses rice exposure and economic flood risk under future climate in the Lower Chao Phraya River Basin, Thailand. To encompass various flood events, this study estimates the frequency of rice economic damage by employing a large ensemble climate projection dataset based on database for Policy Decision making for Future climate change (d4PDF). Results show that, in the 4‐K warmer climate, the 100‐year exposed cultivation area and duration will increase approximately by 1.2–1.4 and 1.1–1.2 times, respectively. Decreased rice production is evaluated as monetary damage through several fragility curves. The economic damage by the 2011 flooding is estimated as 11.25 billion Thai Baht, while the estimation varies from the fragility curves employed. In the 4 K warmer climate, regardless of the fragility curves, 100‐year rice damage is projected to increase by 1.2–1.4 times. The 2011 flooding is larger than all 3000‐year simulations in the past climate, whereas extreme events in the 4 K warmer climate showed higher damage than the 2011 flooding, indicating that agricultural damage corresponding to the 2011 flooding may occur more frequently in the future climate.
Academic socialization model: Understanding Chinese children's academic self‐concept and the role of academic achievement
Authors: Zhang Fanwen , Csizmadia Annamaria 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAlthough symbolic interactionism sheds light on how parents may impact their children's behaviors and outcomes through socialization, it has been underutilized in research and theorizing on Chinese parents' role in their children's academic development. Because work considering academic socialization holistically in Chinese families is limited, we use symbolic interactionism to propose a model that advances this theory by incorporating academic socialization as a formal construct that impacts Chinese children's academic outcomes. Specifically, we suggest that academic socialization shapes children's academic self‐concept directly and indirectly through academic achievement, with variations in Chinese parents' academic socialization based on socioeconomic status. Implications for research, theory, and practice are elaborated.
Safety and effectiveness results of an innovative injectable poly‐L‐lactic acid‐based collagen stimulator (Lanluma®)—Clinical outcomes at 9 months in a post‐market study
Authors: Amselem Moises , Fatsea Dolly , Forte Riccardo , Hasenöhrl Carlo , Haus Ariel , Salaabian Ali 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundInjectable fillers for soft tissue augmentation stand out as one of the most favored procedures in the field of aesthetic medicine, especially in addressing the clinical signs of skin aging. Among soft tissue fillers, non‐permanent fillers have been safely used in numerous medical applications for several decades.AimsThe aim of this post‐market observational, open‐label, uncontrolled, multicentered, prospective study (PMS) was to evaluate the effects of an injectable poly‐L‐lactic acid‐based collagen stimulator (Lanluma®, the study product).Participants/MethodsThis analysis is based on the clinical outcomes data (safety and effectiveness) collected from investigators and participants between the first injection (T0, September 2022) and 9 months thereafter (T3, June 2023) in the treatment of five body‐contouring areas.ResultsOverall, 70 participants had 99 treatment sessions of the neck (31%), upper arm (20%), hand (17%), thigh (16%) and décolleté (15%). Lumps (neck, upper arm, hand) and nodules (neck, hand, thigh) were the most frequent adverse events (AEs) reported by investigators. All were treatment related. None were serious, severe or fatal. No AEs were reported following treatment of the décolleté. Both investigators and participants reported high levels of satisfaction during the nine‐month follow‐up period with the treatments in five body areas.ConclusionsThese positive clinical outcomes can be attributed to a proper implementation of best practices and recommendations, and the rheological properties of the study product. This 9‐month follow‐up analysis should be reconsidered in light of the study's objectives for the final analysis at the 25‐month follow‐up.
Matrix Metalloproteinases on Skin Photoaging
Authors: Feng Chao , Chen Xianglong , Yin Xiuqing , Jiang Yanfei , Zhao Chunyue 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSkin aging is characterized by an imbalance between the generation and degradation of extracellular matrix molecules (ECM). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are the primary enzymes responsible for ECM breakdown. Intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli can induce different MMPs. However, there is limited literature especially on the summary of skin MMPs and potential inhibitors.ObjectiveWe aim to focus on the upregulation of MMP expression or activity in skin cells following exposure to UV radiation. We also would like to offer valuable insights into potential clinical applications of MMP inhibitors for mitigating skin aging.MethodsThis article presents the summary of prior research, which involved an extensive literature search across diverse academic databases including Web of Science and PubMed.ResultsOur findings offer a comprehensive insight into the effects of MMPs on skin aging after UV irradiation, including their substrate preferences and distinct roles in this process. Additionally, a comprehensive list of natural plant and animal extracts, proteins, polypeptides, amino acids, as well as natural and synthetic compounds that serve as inhibitors for MMPs is compiled.ConclusionSkin aging is a complex process influenced by environmental factors and MMPs. Research focuses on UV‐induced skin damage and the formation of Advanced Glycosylation End Products (AGEs), leading to wrinkles and impaired functionality. Inhibiting MMPs is crucial for maintaining youthful skin. Natural sources of MMP inhibitor substances, such as extracts from plants and animals, offer a safer approach to obtain inhibitors through dietary supplements. Studying isolated active ingredients can contribute to developing targeted MMP inhibitors.
Stranded marine mammal detection by the public, trained responders, and drones using decoy carcasses
Authors: Ponti Mary J. , Russell Mackenzie L. , Díaz Clark Cristina , Cloyed Carl S. , Carmichael Ruth H. , Johnson Christina L. , Bloodgood Jennifer C. G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractStranded marine mammals provide valuable insight into population health of free‐ranging conspecifics; however, the likelihood of carcass detection by the public or trained observers is not well known. To better understand carcass detection rates (CDR), we placed twelve decoy dolphin carcasses around Dauphin Island, Alabama, for 2 weeks, one during peak tourist season and one during the off season. Decoys were placed in regions representing different habitat types (marsh or beach) and levels of human use (low or high). Calls from the public were recorded, and trained observers actively searched for decoys via drone and visual observation either by vessel or UTV and walking. There were 2.5 times more public reports during the peak (n = 38) compared to off season (n = 15), with most reports being from the high‐traffic beach site during peak season (n = 27). Trained observers found more decoys (CDR = 0.88) than the public (CDR = 0.58), however, the public found two decoys that observers did not. Drone searches were slightly more successful (CDR = 0.83) than other methods (CDR = 0.79). Our results indicate that a combination of surveillance methods will enhance carcass detection, and our novel methods can be used across habitat types to improve stranding surveillance, better estimate stranding rates, and inform mortality estimates of many species.
Can we really distinguish ‘responders’ from ‘non‐responders’ to myopia control interventions?
Authors: Brennan Noel A. , Nixon Alex D. , Cheng Xu , Bullimore Mark A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeIt is common to hear talk of ‘responders’ and ‘non‐responders’ with respect to myopia control interventions. We consider the reality of distinguishing these sub‐groups using data from the first year of the Low‐concentration Atropine for Myopia Progression (LAMP) study.MethodsThe first year of the LAMP study was a robustly designed, placebo‐controlled trial of three different low concentrations of atropine using a large sample size (N > 100 randomised to each group). The authors subsequently published mean axial elongation and myopia progression rates by age group. We used these data to calculate efficacy in terms of both absolute reduction in myopic progression and absolute reduction in axial elongation for each of the different atropine concentrations at each age group. We then compared these efficacy data to the overall progression for each of the two progression metrics.ResultsPlotting efficacy as a function of overall myopia progression and axial elongation for each of the different atropine concentrations demonstrates the invariant nature of efficacy, in terms of clinically meaningful reduction in progression, despite a substantial range of underlying overall progression. That is, faster progressors—the so‐called non‐responders—achieved similar reduction in axial elongation and myopia progression as the slower progressors—the so‐called responders—within the various atropine treatment groups.ConclusionThe use of the terms, responders and non‐responders, during myopia progression interventions is not supported by evidence. Those designated as such may simply be slower or faster progressors, who, on average achieve the same benefit from treatment.
The Concentration of Reproduction During the Fertility Transition in Developing Countries
Authors: Spoorenberg Thomas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article revisits and updates an earlier study of the increased concentration of reproduction that has occurred or is occurring during the fertility transition in developing countries. Using 350 DHS datasets for 87 developing countries, the analysis extends the observation period by several decades, considers a larger range of completed fertility, and expands the geographic coverage by including more countries from all regions of the world. It shows that reproduction tends to become increasingly concentrated within the population during the early stages of the fertility transition in developing countries, but that once completed fertility reaches a level of about 4 children per woman, the concentration of reproduction tends to stabilize. The changing concentration of reproduction over the course of the fertility transition in developing countries has implications for who becomes a parent, who bears the risks of childbearing, and who covers the costs of raising children in a society.
The Muse Writes the Poet: Gender Politics and Decentralized Authorship in the Russian Avant‐Garde
Authors: Denischenko Irina 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article investigates the changing gender politics of the Russian avant‐garde, focusing on the Futurist manuscript books of the 1910s and their legacy in the artist’s book edition of Backbone Flute, created by Lilia Brik and Vladimir Mayakovsky in 1919. It contends that the misogynist rhetoric of early Russian Futurism, which echoed the positions of F. T. Marinetti, shifted in the mid‐1910s, in part due to the artistic collaborations between male and female avant‐garde artists on the manuscript books. As a collaborative enterprise involving multiple co‐authors, these books advanced innovative ideas regarding decentralized authorship and handwriting. The article argues that these ideas and practices found a potent expression in the 1919 Backbone Flute, which recreated Mayakovsky’s eponymous poem (1915–16) in the tradition of Futurist manuscript books. The deployment of Brik’s handwriting to visualize the text of the poem and the relocation of the lyrical I’s experiences into the illustrations in this artist’s book re‐ascribed the authorship of the poem to its muse. This book is thus viewed as an attempt to rethink the creative relationship between the poet Mayakovsky and his “muse” Brik, as well as the gender politics of the Russian avant‐garde at large.
Ocular melanosis in the adult Cairn Terrier population within the United Kingdom
Authors: Margetts Adam C. , Mellersh Cathryn , Smith Kerry 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeProspective investigation to determine the prevalence of ocular melanosis in adult Cairn Terriers within the United Kingdom using a previously established staging scheme.MethodsOphthalmic assessment was performed on adult Cairn Terriers, recruited from various geographic locations within the United Kingdom. Examination included gonioscopy, rebound tonometry, slit lamp biomicroscopy, and indirect ophthalmoscopy, performed by one examiner (AM).ResultsA total of 93 dogs were examined, including 52 females and 41 males, aged between 15 months and 16 years 4 months. Sixty of 93 dogs (64.5%) were >7 years of age. Nine of 93 dogs (9.6%) demonstrated changes consistent with ocular melanosis. Four of 9 (44.4%) had Stage 1 disease and 5 of 9 (55.6%), Stage 2. Stages 3 or 4 were not identified in any dogs. Mean intraocular pressures in affected and unaffected dogs were 14.7 mmHg (range 12–17 mmHg) and 12.8 mmHg (range 5–21 mmHg), respectively. Incomplete pupil dilation was noted in affected dogs following pharmacologic mydriasis.ConclusionOcular melanosis was identified in approximately 10% of examined dogs, over half were dogs of breeding age (<7 years of age). It is possible that Grade 1 disease could go undetected, prior to obvious scleral pigment accumulation (Grade 2 disease). It is therefore recommended that dogs undergoing pre‐breeding screens have pre‐dilation assessment of the anterior segment using slit lamp biomicroscopy with subsequent gonioscopy to clearly assess for circumferential thickening of the iris base that might otherwise go undetected. Additionally, regular reassessment of breeding dogs is advised as disease progression could be rapid.
Female Athlete Sport Science Versus Applied Practice: Bridging the Gap
Authors: Burden Richard J. , Biswas Anita , Hackney Anthony C. 
Published: September 2024

Background: Female-specific science, medicine, and innovation have grown steadily since the turn of the decade as the focus on female sport continues to advance. While this growth is welcome, and despite the best of intentions, it is not always coupled with valuable application. Purpose: This commentary discusses barriers faced when developing and applying sport-science research and innovation activities in female sport. We offer several practical solutions to help safeguard the progress of female athlete health and performance support. We make 3 suggestions: (1) multicenter studies to increase the number of elite athletes participating in research and enhance statistical power, which is often lacking in sport-science research; (2) further acceptance of case studies in elite sport research, as they can include context alongside athlete data that more traditional research designs perhaps do not; and (3) collaborative, codesigned approaches to research and innovation, wherein researchers, practitioners, and athletes all contribute to balancing scientific rigor with applied “real-world” understanding, which may result in the generation of richer, more meaningful knowledge for the benefit of female athletes and their environments.
The Effect of a Newly Developed Hand Rim on Mobility Performance and Propulsion Technique in Wheelchair Tennis Players
Authors: Rietveld Thomas , Janssen Rowie J.F. , van der Woude Lucas H.V. , Vegter Riemer J.K. , de Groot Sonja 
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To investigate the effect of a newly developed hand rim in wheelchair tennis players from a lab and field perspective. Methods: Nine wheelchair tennis players performed a set of field and lab tests with the new rim (NR) and regular rim on the racket side. Each player had a 60- to 120-minute regular training session with the NR. Three wheelchair tennis field tests (20-m sprint, Illinois, spider) were completed on a hard court using inertial measurement units. The inertial measurement units enabled analysis of linear/rotational velocity and acceleration. In the lab, two 4-minute submaximal tests (at 1.5 and 2 m/s, 0.2 W/kg), followed directly by a 5-second sprint, on a wheelchair ergometer were completed. Force and velocity were measured continuously throughout all tests. Mixed linear models investigated the effect between the 2 hand rims. Results: During the spider test, mean rotational velocity to the racket side (−2%, P = .005) was lower in the NR, and end times were similar between hand-rim conditions. No differences were observed in the 20-m sprint and Illinois field tests. In the lab, contact angle (+6%, P = .04), cycle time (+12%, P = .007), and work per push (+13%, P = .005) were higher in the NR during submaximal propulsion. Work per push (+13%, P = .007), peak velocity (+3%, P < .001), and distance covered (+4%, P = .02) were higher with the NR during the 5-second sprint test. Conclusions: The NR seems slightly favorable compared with the regular rim during performance testing on a wheelchair ergometer in wheelchair tennis players. A longer practice time might show more insights between the hand-rim types.