bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation on Objective Sleep Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Amara Amy W. , Walker Harrison C. , Joop Allen , Cutter Gary , DeWolfe Jennifer L. , Harding Susan M. , Standaert David G. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundSleep dysfunction is a common and disabling nonmotor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD). DBS of the STN improves motor symptoms and subjective sleep in PD, but alternative stimulation parameters to optimize sleep have not been explored. We hypothesized that low‐frequency STN DBS would improve objective sleep more than conventional settings.MethodsTwenty PD subjects with STN DBS (18 unilateral, 2 bilateral) underwent 3 nonconsecutive nights of polysomnography (PSG): DBS off; DBS high frequency (≥130 Hz); and DBS low frequency (60 Hz). Motor symptom tolerability was assessed 30 minutes after resumption of baseline settings the morning following PSG. The primary outcome was change in sleep efficiency between high‐ and low‐frequency nights measured with repeated‐measures analysis of variance.ResultsThere was no difference in sleep efficiency between nights at high frequency (82.1% [72.6–90.1]) (median [interquartile range]), low frequency (81.2% [56.2–88.8]), or DBS off (82.8% [75.7–87.4]; P = 0.241). Additionally, there was no difference in sleep stage percent, arousals, limb movements, subjective sleep quality, or objective vigilance measures. These outcomes did not change after adjusting for age, sex, disease duration, or side of surgery. No residual adverse motor effects were noted.ConclusionsAlthough well tolerated, low‐frequency STN DBS did not improve objective sleep in PD. Remarkably, objective measures of sleep were not worse with DBS off. These observations point to the potential for adaptive stimulation approaches, through which DBS settings could be optimized during sleep to meet individual needs. Additionally, these changes could preserve battery life without compromising patient outcomes.
Huntington's Disease: Prevalence and Psychological Indicators of Pain
Authors: Underwood Mandy , Bonas Sheila , Dale Maria ,   REGISTRY Investigators of the European Huntington's Disease Network
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundHuntington's disease (HD) is a genetic neurodegenerative condition that involves impairments in movement, cognition, and mood. Research is lacking in HD with regard to the prevalence of pain and the relationships between psychological factors and pain. The aim of this research was to investigate the prevalence of pain and identify the psychological factors associated with pain severity in people with HD.MethodsThis data‐mining study used data from 1474 people who participated in the European Huntington's Disease Network (EHDN) REGISTRY study. Pain severity was measured using the Medical Outcome Study 36‐item short‐form health survey. Separate ordinal regression analyses were conducted with participant‐rated and interviewer‐rated psychological measures (the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale–Snaith Irritability Scale and the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale). The psychological factors considered were anxiety, depression, irritability, aggression, low self‐esteem, and apathy.ResultsThe prevalence of pain in the total sample was 41% (stage I, 42%; stage II, 44%; stage III, 39%; stages IV and V, 50%). After controlling for confounding variables, pain severity was significantly associated with participant‐rated anxiety and depression. Interviewer‐rated anxiety, depression, and irritability also were significantly associated with severity of pain after controlling for confounding variables.ConclusionsThis research confirmed that pain is indeed an issue for people with HD, particularly during the later stages of the disease. Caregivers and health professionals should consider the possibility that people with HD might be experiencing pain, particularly if they are showing signs of anxiety, depression, or irritability.
Medial lower leg perforators: An anatomical study of their distribution and characteristics
Authors: Hupkens Pieter , Westland Pèdrou B. , Schijns Wendy , van Abeelen Marjolijn H.A. , Kloeters Oliver , Ulrich Dietmar J.O. 
Published: June 2016

PurposeThe integument of the medial lower leg is underestimated as a donor site for local and distant reconstructions. Comprehensive knowledge of its perforator anatomy is lacking. This study aims to determine perforator location and characteristics and to compare these regarding the proximal, middle and distal third of the medial lower leg.Materials and MethodsThe medial lower leg region (MLLR) of 16 cadavers was delineated and investigated after injecting the popliteal artery with acrylic paint. Following dissection, all perforators larger than 0.3 mm were localized and mapped. Their course, source vessel, length and diameter were subsequently documented.ResultsOverall, 122 perforators were found, 102 (83.6%) originating from the posterior tibial artery, 16 (13.1%) from the medial sural artery and 4 (3.3%) from the anterior tibial artery. A mean of 7.6 ± 2.4 perforators (range 4–13) per MLLR was found. Most perforators (42.6%) were localized in the distal third of the MLLR, followed by the middle (36.9%) and proximal third (20.5%). The largest and longest perforators were found in the proximal third of the MLLR (diameter 1.4 mm, length 9.1 cm), followed by the middle and distal third respectively. Of all musculocutaneous perforators, the majority (78.6%) was located in the middle third of the MLLR. Of all septocutaneous perforators, most (55.3%) were found in the distal third of the MLLR. A small number of unexpected anatomical variants were found.ConclusionIn each third of the MLLR different perforator characteristics were found. Knowledge of these characteristics can be used to direct the reconstructive plan. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 37:319–326, 2017.
Implications of variationally derived 3D failure mechanism
Authors: Zhang Fei , Leshchinsky Dov , Baker Rafi , Gao Yufeng , Leshchinsky Ben 
Published: June 2016

SummaryThis paper revisits the variational limit equilibrium (LE) analysis of three‐dimensional (3D) slope stability in the context of limit analysis (LA). It proves the kinematic admissibility of the 3D mechanism in LA, although it was derived from LE variational extremization. It also includes algorithms in the realm of LA that are associated with the variational mechanism. A comparison between the variational results and reported LA upper‐bound or LE closed‐form results is conducted. It demonstrates that the variationally derived mechanism consistently yields upper‐bound solutions for 3D symmetrical slopes that are as accurate as those produced by postulated mechanisms in LA. However, the results are more critical than those derived from spherical failure mechanism in LE. The generalized log spiral 3D mechanism rigorously legitimizes the variational slope stability analysis in both frameworks of mechanics LE and LA. Stability charts were produced where the 3D factor of safety can be assessed for a constrained length of failure, while including factors like pore water pressure and seismic loading. The results presented within this study demonstrate the capabilities of the variational 3D solution and can be used to evaluate approximate methods, numerical or closed‐form, developed in 3D slope stability analyses. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Scanning electron microscopy combined with image processing technique: Analysis of microstructure, texture and tenderness in Semitendinous and Gluteus Medius bovine muscles
Authors: Pieniazek Facundo , Messina Valeria 
Published: June 2016

SummaryIn this study the effect of freeze drying on the microstructure, texture, and tenderness of Semitendinous and Gluteus Medius bovine muscles were analyzed applying Scanning Electron Microscopy combined with image analysis. Samples were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy at different magnifications (250, 500, and 1,000×). Texture parameters were analyzed by Texture analyzer and by image analysis. Tenderness by Warner–Bratzler shear force. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were obtained for image and instrumental texture features. A linear trend with a linear correlation was applied for instrumental and image features. Image texture features calculated from Gray Level Co‐occurrence Matrix (homogeneity, contrast, entropy, correlation and energy) at 1,000× in both muscles had high correlations with instrumental features (chewiness, hardness, cohesiveness, and springiness). Tenderness showed a positive correlation in both muscles with image features (energy and homogeneity). Combing Scanning Electron Microscopy with image analysis can be a useful tool to analyze quality parameters in meat.Summary SCANNING 38:727–734, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Selection and Characterization of Malachite Green Aptamers for the Development of Light–up Probes
Authors: Wang Hongyan , Wang Jine , Sun Na , Cheng Hui , Chen Hongxia , Pei Renjun 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe light‐up fluorogenic dyes exhibit excellent behavior that autofluorescence is very low but substantially increases when interacting with their ligands. Aptamers are single‐stranded oligonucleotides which are selected and are capable of binding certain targets tightly and specifically. Developing fluoreogenic dye‐aptamer light‐up fluoromodules will greatly prompt the development of label‐free probes for various detection purposes. A fluoregenic triphenylmethane dye, malachite green (MG) was found to have low quantum yield in fluid solutions, but restricting vibration was known to induce fluorescence enhancement. We used the modified in vitro selection method which is based on the target‐induced release of aptamers as the separation technique to isolate DNA aptamers for MG. 8 rounds of selection process was carried out, and the fluorescent intensity of MG was dramatically enhanced in the presence of a minimized 26‐mer DNA aptamer with low micromolar affinity. The MG‐aptamer pair could potentially be used as a novel light‐up fluorescent probe for various applications.
Visible Light‐Induced Photoeletrochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Hierarchical CuBi2O4 by Facile Hydrothermal Synthesis
Authors: Zhu Lu , Basnet Pradip , Larson Steven R. , Jones Les P. , Howe Jane Y. , Tripp Ralph A. , Zhao Yiping 
Published: June 2016

AbstractNarrow bandgap semiconductor CuBi2O4 microstructures such as three dimensional hierarchical microspheres, micro‐flowers, one dimensional microrods and nanorods were fabricated through a facile hydrothermal synthesis approach by systematically changing the synthesis conditions. Their optical properties and photocatalytical performances under visible light illumination were characterized. The hierarchical micro‐flower shaped CuBi2O4 sample showed a high photodecay rate of 0.114 ± 0.002 h−1 with 1 mg/ml CuBi2O4 concentration for methylene blue (30 μM). Under the illumination of an AM 1.5G solar simulator, a 0.02 mA/cm2 stable cathodic photocurrent density was observed at a low negative bias voltage (‐0.25 V vs (Ag/AgCl)). The micro‐flower shaped CuBi2O4 sample also showed a high antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli, with ∼ 93 % bacteria reduction after 6 h illumination by a commercial white LED light (10 mW/cm2). These results indicate that CuBi2O4 can be a promising candidate for visible light driven energy conversion and antimicrobial applications.
Synthesis and Relaxometric Characterization of a New Mn(II)‐EDTA‐Deoxycholic Acid Conjugate Complex as a Potential MRI Blood Pool Agent
Authors: Baroni S. , Colombo Serra Sonia , Fringuello Mingo Alberto , Lux G. , Giovenzana G. B. , Lattuada L. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractGd(III)‐complexes have been employed for more than twentyfive years as MRI contrast agents. In the last decade, considerations about potential toxicity of residual gadolinium in patients suffering from severe kidney diseases have moved researchers to evaluate alternative solutions, among them Mn(II)‐complexes, to shorten T1 and achieve good image contrast. In this article we report on the synthesis of a new Mn(II)‐chelate, endowed with a deoxycholic acid residue designed to interact reversibly with serum albumin and to boost the usually low relaxivity associated with Mn(II)‐complexes. Its detailed relaxometric characterization and the analysis of albumin binding behaviour showed remarkable properties, suggesting its potential use as MRI blood pool agent.
A Model Study on the Carbon‐Halogen Activation in Perhalonated Arenes with Isonitrile Under Photoirradiation
Authors: Su Ming‐Der 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe mechanisms of the photochemical carbon‐halogen bond activation reactions were investigated theoretically using a model system of hexahalobenzene C6X6 (X=F, Cl, and Br) and phenyl isonitrile (PhN=C:), with the M06‐2X method and the 6–311G(d) basis set. The theoretical findings suggest the photoactivation mechanism should proceed as follows: Rea‐X‐S0 + hν → FC‐X‐T1 → PhNC‐T1 + C6X6 → Int‐X‐T1 → TS‐X‐T1 → T1/S0‐X → Pro‐X‐S0. The present theoretical evidence confirms the reported results by Studer and co‐workers that using UV irradiation, a simple and efficient transition‐metal‐free C‐F activation in various perfluoroarenes with aryl and alkyl isonitriles obtain imidoyl fluorides. Nevertheless, due to the highly vertical Frank‐Condon excitation energy, our theoretical study demonstrates N‐heterocyclic carbene cannot undergo the C‐F bond activation reaction with hexafluorobenzene under photoirradiation, which closely agrees with the available experimental observations. The present theoretical research reveals the spin crossover processes, which lead to a concerted reaction pathway, play a key role in the regioselecitivities of the final photoinsertion products.
Mononuclear Transition Metal Complexes of 7‐Nitro‐1,3,5‐Triazaadamantane
Authors: Wagner Gabriele , Horton Peter N. , Coles Simon J. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractComplexes of the type [MCl2(7‐nitro‐1,3,5‐triaza‐adamantane)2] (M = Zn(II), Pd(II), Pt(II)) and [MCl2(H2O)2(7‐nitro‐1,3,5‐triazaadamantane)2] (M = Mn (II), Co(II), Ni(II)) have been prepared and their structures have been analysed by X‐ray crystallography, elemental analysis, IR and solid state 13C and 15N NMR spectroscopy, supported by density functional theory/gauge independent atomic orbital (DFT/GIAO) calculations. In each case, 7‐nitro‐1,3,5‐triazaadamantane acts as a mono‐dentate ligand and binds to one metal centre only, in spite of the presence of three equivalent amino nitrogens. In the Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes, a two‐dimensional intermolecular hydrogen bonding network between the aqua‐ and the chloro ligands is established. The uncoordinated amines of the 7‐nitro‐1,3,5‐triaza‐adamantane are not involved in any H‐bonding, as a result of the exceptionally low basicity of this compound.
A phase I clinical study to evaluate safety of orally administered, genetically engineeredSalmonella entericaserovarTyphimuriumfor canine osteosarcoma
Authors: Fritz Sara E. , Henson Michael S. , Greengard Emily , Winter Amber L. , Stuebner Kathleen M. , Yoon Una , Wilk Vicki L. , Borgatti Antonella , Augustin Lance B. , Modiano Jaime F. , Saltzman Daniel A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe conducted a prospective phase I study to evaluate safety of an orally administeredSalmonellaencodingIL‐2 (SalpIL2) in combination with amputation and adjuvant doxorubicin for canine appendicular osteosarcoma. Efficacy was assessed as a secondary measure. The first dose of SalpIL2 was administered to 19 dogs on Day 0; amputation was done after 10 days with chemotherapy following 2 weeks later. SalpIL2 was administered concurrent with chemotherapy, for a total of five doses of doxorubicin and six doses of SalpIL2. There were six reportable events prior to chemotherapy, but none appeared due to SalpIL2. Dogs receiving SalpIL2 had significantly longer disease‐free interval (DFI) than a comparison group of dogs treated with doxorubicin alone. Dogs treated using lower doses of SalpIL2 also had longerDFIthan dogs treated using the highest SalpIL2 dose. The data indicate that SalpIL2 is safe and well tolerated, which supports additional testing to establish the potential for SalpIL2 as a novel form of adjuvant therapy for dogs with osteosarcoma.
Central Hepatectomy versus Extended Hepatectomy for Malignant Tumors: A Propensity Score Analysis of Postoperative Complications
Authors: de’Angelis Nicola , Pascal Gérard , Salloum Chady , Lahat Eylon , Ichai Philippe , Saliba Faouzi , Adam René , Castaing Denis , Azoulay Daniel 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe specific definition of central hepatectomy (CH) (i.e., resection of segments 4‐5‐8 ± 1) is not uniformly used, resulting in conflicting comparisons with the more commonly performed extended hepatectomy (EH). The study aimed to compare, using propensity score matching (PSM) analysis, the incidence of postoperative complications between CH and EH for centrally located liver tumors (CLLT).MethodsAll consecutive CH and EH procedures for CLLT performed from 1980 to 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Independent predictors of postoperative complications were identified. CH was compared to EH after PSM.ResultsThe study population consisted of 373 patients, 44 (11.8 %) of whom underwent CH and 329 (88.2 %) of whom underwent EH. Before PSM, the overall 90‐day mortality was 7.2 % (27 patients) without a group difference (2 (4.5 %) for CH vs. 25 (7.6 %) for EH, p = 0.756). The CH and EH groups had similar postoperative morbidity rates (43.2 vs. 55.3 %; p = 0.108). Blood transfusion was the only independent predictor of postoperative complications (Hazard Ratio: 1.73; 95 % confidence interval: 1.11–2.68; p = 0.014). After PSM, 43 CH patients were matched with 43 EH patients. No group difference was observed for the postoperative mortality, morbidity, or duration of hospital stay. A higher number of EH patients (30.2 vs. 9.3 %, p = 0.028) presented with more than one postoperative complication.ConclusionsCH and EH yield similar mortality and morbidity. For CLLT, CH may be an attractive procedure with the advantage of sparing the liver parenchyma compared with EH.
Should Gastric Decompression be a Routine Procedure in Patients Who Undergo Pylorus‐Preserving Pancreatoduodenectomy?
Authors: Park Joon Seong , Kim Jae Young , Kim Jae Keun , Yoon Dong Sup 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundNasogastric tube placement after abdominal surgery has been a standard procedure for many decades. In pancreatoduodenectomy, delayed gastric emptying (DGE) is still a leading postoperative complication, often resulting in patient anxiety or depression and prolonged hospital stays. Such complications have led many surgeons to prefer postoperative nasogastric decompression because of the greater risk of DGE. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the DGE and perioperative outcomes after pylorus‐preserving pancreatoduodenectomy (PPPD) with or without routine gastrostomy.MethodsFrom May 2009 to December 2014, 228 patients underwent PPPD at the Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University. The first cohort of 116 patients underwent surgery before June 2012 and uniformly underwent gastric decompression as a part of postoperative management. The second cohort of 112 patients underwent operation after July 2012, and gastric decompression was selectively used to facilitate exposure during operation and was removed in the operating room at the end of surgery. We evaluated DGE incidence, time to dietary tolerance, length of hospital stay, and postoperative gastric tube reinsertion rates.ResultsGastric re‐decompression was necessary in 38 patients (16.7 %), and there was a significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.006). Eleven (9.8 %) patients in the no‐tube gastrostomy group required nasogastric tube reinsertion, and 27 (23.3 %) in the routine gastrostomy group required that the gastrostomy tube be re‐drainage. There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency or severity of complications such as delayed gastric emptying or pancreatic leakage.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that routine postoperative gastric decompression can be safely avoided in patients who undergo PPPD.
Riboflavin transport and metabolism in humans
Authors: Barile Maria , Giancaspero Teresa Anna , Leone Piero , Galluccio Michele , Indiveri Cesare 
Published: June 2016

AbstractRecent studies elucidated how riboflavin transporters and FAD forming enzymes work in humans and create a coordinated flavin network ensuring the maintenance of cellular flavoproteome. Alteration of this network may be causative of severe metabolic disorders such as multiple acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) or Brown‐Vialetto‐van Laere syndrome. A crucial step in the maintenance of FAD homeostasis is riboflavin uptake by plasma and mitochondrial membranes. Therefore, studies on recently identified human plasma membrane riboflavin transporters are presented, together with those in which still unidentified mitochondrial riboflavin transporter(s) have been described. A main goal of future research is to fill the gaps still existing as for some transcriptional, functional and structural details of human FAD synthases (FADS) encoded by FLAD1 gene, a novel “redox sensing” enzyme. In the frame of the hypothesis that FADS, acting as a “FAD chaperone”, could play a crucial role in the biogenesis of mitochondrial flavo‐proteome, several basic functional aspects of flavin cofactor delivery to cognate apo‐flavoenzyme are also briefly dealt with. The establishment of model organisms performing altered FAD homeostasis will improve the molecular description of human pathologies. The molecular and functional studies of transporters and enzymes herereported, provide guidelines for improving therapies which may have beneficial effects on the altered metabolism.
A Retrospective Exploration of the Impact of the ‘Angelina Jolie Effect’ on the Single State‐Wide Familial Cancer Program in Perth, Western Australia
Authors: Freedman Rebecca , Mountain Helen , Karina Dian , Schofield Lyn 
Published: June 2016

AbstractGlobal media has the power to influence the ways the public engage with health services. On May 14th 2013, Angelina Jolie published an article in the New York Times magazine, outlining her decision to undergo BRCA mutation testing due to a family history of cancer; then proceed with a mastectomy. The article evoked significant interest from the media and the public. During the months that followed, the Familial Cancer Program (FCP) at Genetic Services of Western Australia (GSWA) experienced a significant increase in referrals and enquiries. Resources were overstretched and it became clear we needed to adjust work practices to manage the escalating numbers. New strategies were devised to cope with the influx of enquiries, albeit without the benefit of additional resources. We conducted an audit of referrals to the FCP made between January 2012 and December 2014. This included a comparison of the months prior to and following the New York Times article. The aim of the audit was to quantify the impact of the “Angelina Jolie effect” on referrals to the FCP. Whilst the increased awareness of the role of genetic services in risk assessment and testing for familial breast and ovarian cancer was considered positive, pre‐referral risk assessment at the primary health level to evaluate the appropriateness of their patients for referral could have been helpful. Potentially, many inappropriate referrals to FCP may have been avoided with primary health evaluation thus lessening the burden on our service and preventing unnecessary worry in well women who possessed minimal family history or risk factors. It is important to understand the factors driving the uptake of risk reduction activities, particularly if engagement with a genetics service is considered part of that pathway. Continued education about cancer risk due to family history, individual features and awareness surrounding genetic testing criteria, costs and availability is required for both the public and health professionals.