bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stimulation of PPC Affects the Mapping between Motion and Force Signals for Stiffness Perception But Not Motion Control
Authors: Leib Raz , Mawase Firas , Karniel Amir , Donchin Opher , Rothwell John , Nisky Ilana , Davare Marco 
Published: October 2016

How motion and sensory inputs are combined to assess an object's stiffness is still unknown. Here, we provide evidence for the existence of a stiffness estimator in the human posterior parietal cortex (PPC). We showed previously that delaying force feedback with respect to motion when interacting with an object caused participants to underestimate its stiffness. We found that applying theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the PPC, but not the dorsal premotor cortex, enhances this effect without affecting movement control. We explain this enhancement as an additional lag in force signals. This is the first causal evidence that the PPC is not only involved in motion control, but also has an important role in perception that is disassociated from action. We provide a computational model suggesting that the PPC integrates position and force signals for perception of stiffness and that TMS alters the synchronization between the two signals causing lasting consequences on perceptual behavior.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWhen selecting an object such as a ripe fruit or sofa, we need to assess the object's stiffness. Because we lack dedicated stiffness sensors, we rely on an as yet unknown mechanism that generates stiffness percepts by combining position and force signals. Here, we found that the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) contributes to combining position and force signals for stiffness estimation. This finding challenges the classical view about the role of the PPC in regulating position signals only for motion control because we highlight a key role of the PPC in perception that is disassociated from action. Altogether this sheds light on brain mechanisms underlying the interaction between action and perception and may help in the development of better teleoperation systems and rehabilitation of patients with sensory impairments.
Memory Retrieval Has a Dynamic Influence on the Maintenance Mechanisms That Are Sensitive to ζ-Inhibitory Peptide (ZIP)
Authors: Levitan David , Fortis-Santiago Yaihara , Figueroa Joshua A. , Reid Emily E. , Yoshida Takashi , Barry Nicholas C. , Russo Abigail , Katz Donald B. 
Published: October 2016

In neuroscientists' attempts to understand the long-term storage of memory, topics of particular importance and interest are the cellular and system mechanisms of maintenance (e.g., those sensitive to ζ-inhibitory peptide, ZIP) and those induced by memory retrieval (i.e., reconsolidation). Much is known about each of these processes in isolation, but less is known concerning how they interact. It is known that ZIP sensitivity and memory retrieval share at least some molecular targets (e.g., recycling α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid, AMPA, receptors to the plasma membrane); conversely, the fact that sensitivity to ZIP emerges only after consolidation ends suggests that consolidation (and by extension reconsolidation) and maintenance might be mutually exclusive processes, the onset of one canceling the other. Here, we use conditioned taste aversion (CTA) in rats, a cortically dependent learning paradigm, to test this hypothesis. First, we demonstrate that ZIP infusions into gustatory cortex begin interfering with CTA memory 43–45 h after memory acquisition—after consolidation ends. Next, we show that a retrieval trial administered after this time point interrupts the ability of ZIP to induce amnesia and that ZIP's ability to induce amnesia is reengaged only 45 h after retrieval. This pattern of results suggests that memory retrieval and ZIP-sensitive maintenance mechanisms are mutually exclusive and that the progression from one to the other are similar after acquisition and retrieval. They also reveal concrete differences between ZIP-sensitive mechanisms induced by acquisition and retrieval: the latency with which ZIP-sensitive mechanisms are expressed differ for the two processes.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMemory retrieval and the molecular mechanisms that are sensitive to ζ-inhibitory peptide (ZIP) are the few manipulations that have been shown to effect memory maintenance. Although much is known about their effect on maintenance separately, it is unknown how they interact. Here, we describe a model for the interaction between memory retrieval and ZIP-sensitive mechanisms, showing that retrieval trials briefly (i.e., for 45 h) interrupt these mechanisms. ZIP sensitivity emerges across a similar time window after memory acquisition and retrieval; the maintenance mechanisms that follow acquisition and retrieval differ, however, in the latency with which the impact of ZIP is expressed.
Neural Stem Cell Transplantation Induces Stroke Recovery by Upregulating Glutamate Transporter GLT-1 in Astrocytes
Authors: Bacigaluppi Marco , Russo Gianluca Luigi , Peruzzotti-Jametti Luca , Rossi Silvia , Sandrone Stefano , Butti Erica , De Ceglia Roberta , Bergamaschi Andrea , Motta Caterina , Gallizioli Mattia , Studer Valeria , Colombo Emanuela , Farina Cinthia , Comi Giancarlo , Politi Letterio Salvatore , Muzio Luca , Villani Claudia , Invernizzi Roberto William , Hermann Dirk Matthias , Centonze Diego , Martino Gianvito 
Published: October 2016

Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of disability, but effective therapies are currently widely lacking. Recovery from stroke is very much dependent on the possibility to develop treatments able to both halt the neurodegenerative process as well as to foster adaptive tissue plasticity. Here we show that ischemic mice treated with neural precursor cell (NPC) transplantation had on neurophysiological analysis, early after treatment, reduced presynaptic release of glutamate within the ipsilesional corticospinal tract (CST), and an enhanced NMDA-mediated excitatory transmission in the contralesional CST. Concurrently, NPC-treated mice displayed a reduced CST degeneration, increased axonal rewiring, and augmented dendritic arborization, resulting in long-term functional amelioration persisting up to 60 d after ischemia. The enhanced functional and structural plasticity relied on the capacity of transplanted NPCs to localize in the peri-ischemic and ischemic area, to promote the upregulation of the glial glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) on astrocytes and to reduce peri-ischemic extracellular glutamate. The upregulation of GLT-1 induced by transplanted NPCs was found to rely on the secretion of VEGF by NPCs. Blocking VEGF during the first week after stroke reduced GLT-1 upregulation as well as long-term behavioral recovery in NPC-treated mice. Our results show that NPC transplantation, by modulating the excitatory–inhibitory balance and stroke microenvironment, is a promising therapy to ameliorate disability, to promote tissue recovery and plasticity processes after stroke.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTissue damage and loss of function occurring after stroke can be constrained by fostering plasticity processes of the brain. Over the past years, stem cell transplantation for repair of the CNS has received increasing interest, although underlying mechanism remain elusive. We here show that neural stem/precursor cell transplantation after ischemic stroke is able to foster axonal rewiring and dendritic plasticity and to induce long-term functional recovery. The observed therapeutic effect of neural precursor cells seems to underlie their capacity to upregulate the glial glutamate transporter on astrocytes through the vascular endothelial growth factor inducing favorable changes in the electrical and molecular stroke microenvironment. Cell-based approaches able to influence plasticity seem particularly suited to favor poststroke recovery.
Neurophysiological Evidence for a Cortical Contribution to the Wakefulness-Related Drive to Breathe Explaining Hypocapnia-Resistant Ventilation in Humans
Authors: Dubois Matthieu , Chenivesse Cécile , Raux Mathieu , Morales-Robles Adrian , Nierat Marie-Cécile , Garcia Gilles , Navarro-Sune Xavier , Chavez Mario , Martinerie Jacques , Similowski Thomas 
Published: October 2016

Spontaneous ventilation in mammals is driven by automatic brainstem networks that generate the respiratory rhythm and increase ventilation in the presence of increased carbon dioxide production. Hypocapnia decreases the drive to breathe and induces apnea. In humans, this occurs during sleep but not during wakefulness. We hypothesized that hypocapnic breathing would be associated with respiratory-related cortical activity similar to that observed during volitional breathing, inspiratory constraints, or in patients with defective automatic breathing (preinspiratory potentials). Nineteen healthy subjects were studied under passive (mechanical ventilation,n= 10) or active (voluntary hyperventilation,n= 9) profound hypocapnia. Ventilatory and electroencephalographic recordings were performed during voluntary sniff maneuvers, normocapnic breathing, hypocapnia, and after return to normocapnia. EEG recordings were analyzed with respect to the ventilatory flow signal to detect preinspiratory potentials in frontocentral electrodes and to construct time-frequency maps. After passive hyperventilation, hypocapnia was associated with apnea in 3 cases and ventilation persisted in 7 cases (3 and 6 after active hyperventilation, respectively). No respiratory-related EEG activity was observed in subjects with hypocapnia-related apneas. In contrast, preinspiratory potentials were present at vertex recording sites in 12 of the remaining 13 subjects (p< 0.001). This was corroborated by time-frequency maps. This study provides direct evidence of a cortical substrate to hypocapnic breathing in awake humans and fuels the notion of corticosubcortical cooperation to preserve human ventilation in a variety of situations. Of note, maintaining ventilatory activity at low carbon dioxide levels is among the prerequisites to speech production insofar as speech often induces hypocapnia.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHuman ventilatory activity persists, during wakefulness, even when hypocapnia makes it unnecessary. This peculiarity of human breathing control is important to speech and speech-breathing insofar as speech induces hypocapnia. This study evidences a specific respiratory-related cortical activity. This suggests that human hypocapnic breathing is driven, at least in part, by cortical mechanisms similar to those involved in volitional breathing, in breathing against mechanical constraints or with weak inspiratory muscle, and in patients with defective medullary breathing pattern generators. This fuels the notion that the human ventilatory drive during wakefulness often results from a corticosubcortical cooperation, and opens new avenues to study certain ventilatory and speech disorders.
Detecting Sources of Transcriptional Heterogeneity in Large-Scale RNA-Seq Data Sets
Authors: Searle Brian C , Gittelman Rachel M , Manor Ohad , Akey Joshua M 
Published: October 2016

AbstractGene expression levels are dynamic molecular phenotypes that respond to biological, environmental, and technical perturbations. Here we use a novel replicate-classifier approach for discovering transcriptional signatures and apply it to the Genotype-Tissue Expression data set. We identified many factors contributing to expression heterogeneity, such as collection center and ischemia time, and our approach of scoring replicate classifiers allows us to statistically stratify these factors by effect strength. Strikingly, from transcriptional expression in blood alone we detect markers that help predict heart disease and stroke in some patients. Our results illustrate the challenges and opportunities of interpreting patterns of transcriptional variation in large-scale data sets.
A Quality Improvement Initiative: Improving the Frequency of Inpatient Electronic Prescribing
Authors: Fuchs Jennifer , Lo Huay-ying , Peterman Andrew , Camp Elizabeth , Chase Lindsay 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE:
To improve the frequency of electronic prescribing (e-prescribing) of discharge prescriptions at a children’s hospital via a bundle of quality improvement interventions.

METHODS:
Surveys and focus groups were conducted with patient families and pediatric residents to identify barriers and propose solutions to e-prescribing. These data were used to generate a series of interventions, including the following: (1) provider education; (2) changes in patient registration workflow; and (3) electronic health record changes to improve the frequency of e-prescribing on the pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) service. The primary outcome measure was the e-prescribing frequency, with a balance measure of e-prescribing errors.

RESULTS:
From July 2014 through June 2015, e-prescribing frequency on the PHM service improved from a median of 7.4% to 48.9% (P &lt; .001) and was sustained for an additional 6 months (July 2015–December 2015), surpassing meaningful use targets with associated US News and World Report hospital ranking points. The frequency of PHM prescription errors remained unchanged, and in comparison, the resident outpatient clinic revealed no statistically significant change in e-prescribing frequency during this time period.

CONCLUSIONS:
Engaging front-line providers in hospital-wide initiatives and quality improvement interventions can directly affect hospital metrics in programs such as meaningful use and US News and World Report, as shown through successful improvement in PHM e-prescribing frequency. Future studies are necessary to determine whether increased e-prescribing frequency affects patient outcomes and compliance.
Inheritance Patterns of Infantile Hemangioma
Authors: Castrén Eeva , Salminen Päivi , Vikkula Miikka , Pitkäranta Anne , Klockars Tuomas 
Published: October 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Infantile hemangioma (IH) includes, among its other risk factors, familial clustering, but a definitive understanding of IH’s inheritance model and genetic basis is lacking. Our objective was to collect IH pedigrees in Finland, to study the inheritance patterns of IH within these families, and to analyze the characteristics of familial IHs.

METHODS:
We identified 185 patients with IH who visited our vascular anomaly clinic between 2004 and 2007. Based on hospital records and a questionnaire sent to these patients and their families, IH characteristics and family history of IH were studied. We compared characteristics between patients with positive (familial) and negative (sporadic) IH family history. Families with positive IH family history were further interviewed for extended pedigree data.

RESULTS:
One-third of our IH cohort’s families reported a family history positive for IH, with IH characteristics and perinatal data between the familial and sporadic cases being similar. IH patients with affected first-degree relatives reported higher long-term discomfort rates than the sporadic cases. Of the 40 families interviewed, 11 included ≥4 IH-affected family members; these were most commonly first-degree relatives (63%). Segregation patterns match with autosomal dominant inheritance with an incomplete penetrance or maternal transmission. We also present a case of monozygotic twins that manifest identical IHs.

CONCLUSIONS:
Based on this large number of IH pedigrees, we suggest at least 2 possible mechanisms of inheritance: autosomal dominant and maternal transmission. This study highlights the need for additional genetic studies to define inheritance of this common disease.
The Power-weakness Ratios (PWR) as a Journal Indicator: Testing the “Tournaments” Metaphor in Citation Impact Studies
Authors: Leydesdorff Loet , de Nooy Wouter , Bornmann Lutz 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Purpose
Ramanujacharyulu developed the Power-weakness Ratio (PWR) for scoring tournaments. The PWR algorithm has been advocated (and used) for measuring the impact of journals. We show how such a newly proposed indicator can empirically be tested.

Design/methodology/approach
PWR values can be found by recursively multiplying the citation matrix by itself until convergence is reached in both the cited and citing dimensions; the quotient of these two values is defined as PWR. We study the effectiveness of PWR using journal ecosystems drawn from the Library and Information Science (LIS) set of the Web of Science (83 journals) as an example. Pajek is used to compute PWRs for the full set, and Excel for the computation in the case of the two smaller sub-graphs: (1) JASIST+ the seven journals that cite JASIST more than 100 times in 2012; and (2) MIS Quart+ the nine journals citing this journal to the same extent.

Findings
A test using the set of 83 journals converged, but did not provide interpretable results. Further decomposition of this set into homogeneous sub-graphs shows that—like most other journal indicators—PWR can perhaps be used within homogeneous sets, but not across citation communities. We conclude that PWR does not work as a journal impact indicator; journal impact, for example, is not a tournament.

Research limitations
Journals that are not represented on the “citing” dimension of the matrix-for example, because they no longer appear, but are still registered as “cited” (e.g. ARIST)-distort the PWR ranking because of zeros or very low values in the denominator.

Practical implications
The association of “cited” with “power” and “citing” with “weakness” can be considered as a metaphor. In our opinion, referencing is an actor category and can be studied in terms of behavior, whereas “citedness” is a property of a document with an expected dynamics very different from that of “citing.” From this perspective, the PWR model is not valid as a journal indicator.

Originality/value
Arguments for using PWR are: (1) its symmetrical handling of the rows and columns in the asymmetrical citation matrix, (2) its recursive algorithm, and (3) its mathematical elegance. In this study, PWR is discussed and critically assessed.
The Effect of Brand Trust and Brand Loyalty on Consumer Purchase Intention: The Study in The Smartphone Market
Authors: Cecen Saglam Busra , Saglam Mehmet 
Published: October 2016

This research aims to analyze the effect of brand trust and brand loyalty to consumer purchase intentions in the Smartphone market. All the residents of ?stanbul who use mobile phones are the population of the research. Due to the fact that it is very hard to reach all the population, simple sampling method has been used for data collection and 185 participants have been reached. Structural Equation Model has been used to explain the relationship among brand trust, brand loyalty and purchase intentions. SPSS for Windows 17.0 program and AMOS 20 program are used to analyze the data. Results show that both brand trust and brand loyalty have a positive effect on consumer’s purchase intentions. Also it had been determined that brand trust has a positive effect on brand loyalty. Moreover, brand trust has been found as the most effective factor for smartphones brands in the purchase intensions.
Tendinopathy: Investigating the Intersection of Clinical and Animal Research to Identify Progress and Hurdles in the Field
Authors: Titan Ashley , Andarawis-Puri Nelly 
Published: October 2016

➢ Biological treatments, surgical interventions, and rehabilitation exercises have been successfully used to treat tendinopathy, but the development of effective treatments has been hindered by the lack of mechanistic data regarding the pathogenesis of the disease.➢ While insightful, clinical studies are limited in their capacity to provide data regarding the pathogenesis of tendinopathies, emphasizing the value of animal models and cell culture studies to fill this essential gap in knowledge.➢ Clinical pathological findings from imaging studies or histological analysis are not universal across patients with tendinopathy and have not been clearly associated with the onset of symptoms.➢ There are several unresolved controversies, including the cellular changes that accompany the tendinopathic disease state and the role of inflammation.➢ Additional research is needed to correlate the manifestations of the disease with its pathogenesis, with the goal of reaching a field-wide consensus on the pathology of the disease state. Such a consensus will allow standardized clinical practices to more effectively diagnose and treat tendinopathy.
Factor IX and Factor XI inhibition following cardiac surgery leading to massive transfusion
Authors: Churchill Sara , Al‐Meshhedani Hasham , Percy Charles , Thomas Dafydd 
Published: October 2016

SummaryThis case report highlights the importance of accurate interpretation of haemostatic tests in patients who have undergone cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. We report a case of major haemorrhage and massive transfusion where factor IX and factor XI inhibitors were present on formal coagulation testing giving a rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) result suggestive of an excessive heparin effect.
Identificación visual sobre sistema embebido para navegación robótica autónoma
Authors: Martínez S Fredy H. , Martínez S Fernando , Montiel Holman 
Published: October 2016

<p>Este artículo de investigación ataca el problema de la navegación robótica autónoma basada en sistemas de visión artificial en tiempo real. Como una primera aproximación a un sistema de visión artificial que permita la navegación del robot, se ha desacoplado el módulo sensor e implementado como una unidad independiente sobre un pequeño robot diferencial. Sobre él, se han realizado estudios básicos de navegación por identificación visual de landmarks (marcas especiales) en un ambiente desconocido. Los estudios de desempeño, realizados tanto a través de simulación como por evaluación directa sobre prototipos en laboratorio, demuestran la eficacia de las estructuras propuestas, tanto del hardware de identificación en tiempo real como de la estrategia básica de navegación considerada para su evaluación.</p>
Analysis of a Composite Microlift-GliderWing Structure Using Finite Element Analysis and Manual Calculation
Authors: Gaitán Aroca Jorge Eliécer , Sánchez Harold , Niño Jairo 
Published: October 2016

<p> </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">El artículo describe un proyecto en la Universidad de San Buenaventura, sede Bogotá, en el cual se desarrolla el diseño estructural del ala de un planeador, el cual se enfoca en materiales como la madera y materiales compuestos. En la primera etapa se establecen las cargas principales para un cálculo posterior, luego se propone la configuración de la estructura alar a analizar haciendo énfasis en materiales compuestos. Se tiene en cuenta en el análisis estructural el factor de carga máximo que se puede desarrollar durante un vuelo normal. Dichos cálculos se aplican a la misma estructura por medio de un análisis en elementos finitos con el fin de comparar datos.</span></p><p> </p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p><p> </p>
Procedimiento para obtener respuestas al impulso de un recinto, y su aplicación ensistemas multicanal
Authors: Flores Noriega Joe 
Published: October 2016

<p> </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Esta investigación está basada en el empleo de la tecnología y el cómputo aplicado a señales acústicas de un recinto, como herramienta para mejorar la experiencia del oyente durante la reproducción de un material musical o ejecución «en vivo». Se requiere para ello de un proceso diseñado con tal fin y de un recinto preparado para la emisión de señales de audio en formato multicanal. El presente documento guiará al lector a través del proceso hasta llegar a las demostraciones finales.</span></p><p> </p>