bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia Increases IGFBP-1 Phosphorylation Mediated by mTOR Inhibition
Authors: Damerill Ian , Biggar Kyle K. , Abu Shehab Majida , Li Shawn Shun-Cheng , Jansson Thomas , Gupta Madhulika B. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn fetal growth restriction (FGR), fetal growth is limited by reduced nutrient and oxygen supply. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is a key regulator of fetal growth and IGF binding protein -1(IGFBP-1) is the principal regulator of fetal IGF-I bioavailability. Phosphorylation enhances IGFBP-1's affinity for IGF-I. Hypoxia induces IGFBP-1 hyperphosphorylation, markedly decreasing IGF-I bioavailability. We recently reported that fetal liver IGFBP-1 hyperphosphorylation is associated with inhibition of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) in a nonhuman primate model of FGR. Here, we test the hypothesis that IGFBP-1 hyperphosphorylation in response to hypoxia is mediated by mTOR inhibition. We inhibited mTOR either by rapamycin or small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting raptor (mTOR complex [mTORC]1) and/or rictor (mTORC2) in HepG2 cells cultured under hypoxia (1% O2) or basal (20% O2) conditions. Conversely, we activated mTORC1 or mTORC1+mTORC2 by silencing endogenous mTOR inhibitors (tuberous sclerosis complex 2/DEP-domain-containing and mTOR-interacting protein). Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that both hypoxia and inhibition of mTORC1 and/or mTORC2 induced similar degrees of IGFBP-1 phosphorylation at Ser101/119/169 and reduced IGF-I receptor autophosphorylation. Activation of mTORC1+mTORC2 or mTORC1 alone prevented IGFBP-1 hyperphosphorylation in response to hypoxia. Multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry showed that rapamycin and/or hypoxia increased phosphorylation also at Ser98 and at a novel site Ser174. In silico structural analysis indicated that Ser174 was in close proximity to the IGF-binding site. Together, we demonstrate that signaling through the mTORC1 or mTORC2 pathway is sufficient to induce IGFBP-1 hyperphosphorylation in response to hypoxia. This study provides novel understanding of the cellular mechanism that controls fetal IGFBP-1 phosphorylation in hypoxia, and we propose that mTOR inhibition constitutes a mechanistic link between hypoxia, reduced IGF-I bioavailability and FGR.
EFEK PENYIMPANAN BIODIESEL BERDASARKAN STUDI KAJIAN DEGRADASI BIODIESEL CPO
Authors: Silviana Silviana , Buchori Luqman 
Published: December 2015

BIODIESEL STORAGE EFFECT BASED ON DEGRADATION OF CPO BIODIESEL Biodiesel denotes as ester mono alkyl of long chain fatty acid such as CPO (crude palm oil) which can biologically degrade more than 98% within three (3) weeks, whereas fossil fuel degrade partially only. The objective of research was to investigate degradation of biodiesel during storage. The scope of this research covered the container design, storage condition, initial analysis of CPO biodiesel, and degradation rate during product storage by using oxidation rate of biodiesel. The results showed that there was degradation on CPO biodiesel during product storage. It can be seen from increasing of acid value and saponification number, decreasing of iodine number, increasing of total glycerol value, and decreasing of ester number in biodiesel product. Storage period prediction of biodiesel can be approached by using equation, i.e. 𝑦=0.0012𝑥2−0.0052𝑥+0.0609. In this research, the maximum storage period of CPO biodiesel achieved at 27 weeks. Other result showed that well storage was achieved with closed-galvanized container.Keywords: biodiesel; CPO; degradation; storage period AbstrakBiodiesel merupakan ester mono alkil dari asam lemak rantai panjang, seperti CPO (crude palm oil) yang terdegradasi lebih dari 98% secara biologi dalam 3 minggu, sedangkan bahan bakar diesel hanya terdegradasi sebagian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati proses degradasi biodiesel selama masa penyimpanan. Penelitian ini meliputi rancangan tangki biodiesel, kondisi penyimpanan, analisa awal biodiesel, dan studi laju degradasi pada tahap penyimpanan produk dengan ditelaah laju oksidasi pada biodiesel.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama periode proses penyimpanan terjadi proses degradasi biodiesel. Hal ini terlihat dari hasil analisa yang menunjukkan bahwa terjadi kenaikan angka asam selama proses penyimpanan, kenaikan angka penyabunan, penurunan bilangan iodine, kenaikan kadar gliserol total dan penurunan kadar ester di dalam biodiesel. Prediksi periode penyimpanan biodiesel dapat didekati dengan persamaan 𝑦=0,0012𝑥2−0,0052𝑥+0,0609. Dari persamaan tersebut diperoleh bahwa periode maksimal penyimpanan biodiesel adalah 27 minggu. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa penyimpanan biodiesel CPO yang paling baik adalah dengan menggunakan bahan galvanized dengan kondisi penyimpanan yang tertutup.
Synthesis of TiO2 nanotubes by using combination of sonication and hydrothermal treatment and their photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution
Authors: Kustiningsih Indar , Slamet S , Purwanto Widodo Wahyu 
Published: December 2015

Effect of sonication and hydrothermal treatments on the synthesized of Titania nanotubes (TiO2 NT)has been investigated. Sonication of TiO2 P25 sol was performed using ultrasonic probe for certain time followed by hydrothermal treatment in a teflon lined stainless steel autoclave. The samples were characterized by means of X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET).The photocatalytic activity of prepared samples was evaluated with photocatalytic H2 evolution from aqueous methanol solution. The result showed that TiO2 NT was formed rapidly along with the duration of sonication treatment but the longer processing time of it would destroy the morphology of TiO2 NT. The optimal sonication time for the TiO2 NT formation was 10 min. It was obtained TiO2 NT with high crystallinity, high surface area and a perfect nanotubes structure. Hydrogen production by using this sample was about two times higher than TiO2 P25 nanoparticle. Keywords : TiO2 nanotubes, sonication, hydrothermal, hydrogen Abstrak Efek kombinasi proses sonikasi dan hidrotermal pada pembentukan TiO2 nanotubes telah dilakukan. TiO2 P25 disonikasi menggunakan ultrasonik probe dengan waktu tertentu kemudian dilanjutkan dengan proses hidrotermal di autoklaf berbahan teflon dan stainless steel. Sampel yang diperoleh di karakteriksasi menggunakan X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). Aktifitas fotokatalis dari sampel diuji untuk produksi hidrogen dari larutan metanol. Dari hasil yang diperoleh TiO2 nanotubes lebih cepat terbentuk dengan adanya proses sonikasi, akan tetapi semakin lama waktu sonikasi bentuk nanotubes yang diperoleh menjadi rusak. Waktu optimal untuk proses sonikasi adalah 10 menit. Pada kondisi ini TiO2 yang terbentuk memiliki kristalinitas dan luas permukaan tinggi serta bentuk nanotubes yang sempurna. Produksi hidrogen pada kondisi inipun dua kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan TiO2 P25 nano partikel. Kata Kunci : TiO2 nanotubes, sonikasi, hidrotermal, hidrogen
Racial Differences in Tobacco Cessation and Treatment Usage After Lung Screening: An Examination of the National Lung Screening Trial
Authors: Kumar Pallavi , Gareen Ilana F. , Lathan Christopher , Sicks JoRean D. , Perez Giselle K. , Hyland Kelly A. , Park Elyse R. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackground.Black smokers have demonstrated greater lung cancer disease burden and poorer smoking cessation outcomes compared with whites. Lung cancer screening represents a unique opportunity to promote cessation among smokers; however, little is known about the differential impact of screening on smoking behaviors among black and white smokers. Using data from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST), we examined the racial differences in smoking behaviors after screening.Methods.We examined racial differences in smoking behavior and cessation activity among 6,316 white and 497 black (median age, 60 and 59 years, respectively) NLST participants who were current smokers at screening using a follow-up survey on 24-hour and 7-day quit attempts, 6-month continuous abstinence, and the use of smoking cessation programs and aids at 12 months after screening. Using multiple regression analyses, we examined the predictors of 24-hour and 7-day quit attempts and 6-month continuous abstinence.Results.At 12 months after screening, blacks were more likely to report a 24-hour (52.7% vs. 41.2%, p &lt; .0001) or 7-day (33.6% vs. 27.2%, p = .002) quit attempt. However, no significant racial differences were found in 6-month continuous abstinence (5.6% blacks vs. 7.2% whites). In multiple regression, black race was predictive of a higher likelihood of a 24-hour (odds ratio [OR], 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2–2.0) and 7-day (OR, 1.5, 95% CI, 1.1–1.8) quit attempt; however, race was not associated with 6-month continuous abstinence. Only a positive screening result for lung cancer was significantly predictive of successful 6-month continuous abstinence (OR, 2.3, 95% CI, 1.8–2.9).Conclusion.Although blacks were more likely than whites to have 24-hour and 7-day quit attempts, the rates of 6-month continuous abstinence did not differ. Targeted interventions are needed at the time of lung cancer screening to promote abstinence among all smokers.
Dampak Implementasi Kurikulum PAI Terhadap Perilaku Keagamaan
Authors: Wibowo AM 
Published: December 2015

This study is intended to know the impact of implementing two different<br />curricula in Islamic-based senior high schools in Malang, East Java. Using<br />two-way anova method, this study reveals three important facts. Firstly, there<br />is significantly different religious behaviour of pupils who are taught islamic<br />education curriculum from Ministry of National Education from those who<br />are taught based on the Islamic education curriculum “plus”. Secondly, there<br />is important difference on religious behaviour of students of the X, XI and XII.<br />The last, the implementation of islamic education in both schools which implement<br />Islamic education curriculum from Ministry of National Education and Islamic education curriculum “plus” runs well. This study finally arrives at a conclusion that, in terms of religious behaviour, students of those schools which implement curriculum “plus” are much better than those of the other category.<br />
Pelaksanaan Pendidikan Agama Pada SD-LB B Sidakarya Kota Denpasar
Authors: Taruna Mulyani Mudis 
Published: December 2015

The Research on the Implementation of Religious Education was conducted<br />at the SD Luar Biasa Part B (SD-LB B) Sidakarya Denpasar, Bali Province. The<br />results of this study indicate that the religious education implementation at the<br />SD-LB B Sidakarya is still less attention. It can be seen from the teaching materials that still use the public school textbook and there is no <br />RPP or specialized reference books for SD-LB B, religious teachers concerns to<br /> a religion teacher. The supporting factors in the process of learning is good spirit for student availability of classrooms, school infrastructure and the location is not far from the student environment. The problem Inhibiting in the learning rocess is the lack of teaching tools, no specific reference books for deaf and dumb there isnt good attantion for religioous teaching is still not getting the attention of the series.<br /><br /><br />
Persepsi Terhadap Nikah Sirri Kasus Masyarakat Desa Sinarrancang, Kecamatan Mundu, Kabupaten Cirebon
Authors: Zubir Ismail 
Published: December 2015

This study aims to find out the perception of people in Sinarrancang, Mundu, Cirebon, West Java, on nikah sirri (“secret” marriage). Using qualitative approach the study reveals that in their opinion nikah sirri mean nikah “kyai”, it is a marriage by ulama and has become a long hereditary tradition. According to fiqih munakahat (a branch of Islamic law which studies about marriage) this kind of marriage is legitimate because it meets the conditions and requirements of marriage. According to positive law, however, such marriage is illegal for not being registered at KUA (a governmental institution which administers Muslim marriage). In order to change their perception on nikah sirri, it needs to socialize UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 continuously. KUA’s service to people has to be addressed so that its accountability and responsibility could run effectively; and more importantly the draft of Religious Courts Law Materials that would provide punishment for those conducting nikah sirri do not contradict with Islamic law. <br /><br />
Makna Arsitektur Masjid Pakualaman dalam Tinjauan Kosmologi Jawa
Authors: Hasyim Moh 
Published: December 2015

Masjid memiliki arti penting dalam kebudayaan dan peradaban Islam. Masjid<br />tidak hanya sebagai simbol kebesaran Islam tetapi juga menjadi simbol harmoni kehidupan manusia dengan alam lingkungan. Melalui pendekatan sejarah dan arkeologi penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Masjid Pakulaman memiliki keterkaitan dengan perkembangan kebudayaan Jawa. Secara utuh bangunan Masjid Pakualaman merupakan perpaduan antara unsur Hindu Jawa dan Islam sebagai bentuk yang sarat<br />dengan makna kosmologis dan kaya harmonisasi kehidupan spiritual. Harmonisasi tersebut dapat dilihat dari bentuk atap tajuk dengan mustaka berbentuk gada, ornamen<br />sulur bunga dan gapura pintu utama.<br /><br />
Pelayanan KUA terhadap Persoalan Keagamaan di Kabupaten Belu
Authors: Haryanto Joko Tri 
Published: December 2015

Umat Islam di wilayah yang muslim merupakan kelompok minoritas memiliki persoalan keagamaan yang berbeda dengan persoalan di wilayah mayoritas. Hal ini juga berimplikasi pada pelayanan keagamaan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah melalui KUA. Penelitian yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif ini mengungkapkan persoalan keagamaan yang dihadapi oleh umat Islam di Kabupaten Belu Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) dan pelayanan KUA terhadap persoalan keagamaan yang ada, di antaranya pembinaan keagamaan, konsumsi daging halal, dan kerukunan umat beragama. KUA di Kabupaten Belu melakukan pelayanan baik dalam pencatatan nikah, wakaf dan haji, juga berupaya membantu umat Islam menyelesaikan persoalan keagamaan yang dihadapi meskipun terdapat berbagai kendala baik internal maupun eksternal.<br /><br />
Serum Levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients: Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment
Authors: Archontogeorgis Kostas , Nena Evangelia , Papanas Nikolaos , Xanthoudaki Maria , Hatzizisi Olga , Kyriazis Georgios , Tsara Venetia , Maltezos Efstratios , Froudarakis Marios , Steiropoulos Paschalis 
Published: December 2015

Background and Aim:Hypoxia, a major feature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), modifies Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels, which contribute to atherogenesis and occurrence of cardiovascular (CV) events. We assessed and compared serum levels of VEGF and IGFBP-3 in newly diagnosed OSA patients and controls, to explore associations with anthropometric and sleep parameters and to study the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on these levels.Materials and Methods:Serum levels of VEGF and IGFBP-3 were measured in 65 OSA patients and 31 age- and body mass index- matched controls. In OSA patients, measurements were repeated after 6 months of CPAP therapy. All participants were non-smokers, without any comorbidities or systemic medication use.Results:At baseline, serum VEGF levels in OSA patients were higher compared with controls (p<0.001), while IGFBP-3 levels were lower (1.41±0.56 vs. 1.61±0.38 μg/ml, p=0.039). VEGF levels correlated with apnea-hypopnea index (r=0.336, p=0.001) and oxygen desaturation index (r=0.282, p=0.007). After 6 months on CPAP treatment, VEGF levels decreased in OSA patients (p<0.001), while IGFBP-3 levels increased (p<0.001).Conclusion:In newly diagnosed OSA patients, serum levels of VEGF are elevated, while IGFBP-3 levels are low. After 6 months of CPAP treatment these levels change. These results may reflect an increased CV risk in untreated OSA patients, which is ameliorated after CPAP therapy.
Dead or Alive: Deoxyribonuclease I Sensitive Bacteria and Implications for the Sinus Microbiome
Authors: Willis Amanda L. , Calton Joshua B. , Carr Tara F. , Chiu Alexander G. , Chang Eugene H. 
Published: December 2015

Background Recently, there has been tremendous interest in the sinus microbiome and how it relates to disease. However, a lack of a standardized sample collection and DNA extraction methods makes comparison of results across studies nearly impossible. Furthermore, current techniques fail to identify which components of the microbiome are actually alive within the host at the time of sampling. Objective To develop and optimize a method to differentiate which bacterial species in the human sinus microbiome are live versus dead. Methods Duplicate samples from the middle meatus of patients with healthy sinus tissue and those patients with chronic rhinosinusitis were collected by using brushes (n = 12), swabs (n = 27), and tissue biopsy (n = 8) methods. One sample from each pair was either deoxyribonuclease I- or control-treated before DNA extraction. The relative bacterial versus human composition of each sample was determined. A 16S ribosomal RNA gene analysis was performed on a six-paired sample from patients with healthy sinus tissue. Results We found that swabs and brushes collected a higher percentage of bacterial DNA than did tissue biopsy. We also determined that as much as 50% of the bacteria collected in these samples was already dead at the time of collection. The 16S ribosomal RNA gene analysis found significant changes in the relative abundance of taxa identified in the live versus dead bacterial communities of healthy human sinuses. Conclusions Our findings indicated that swabs provided the best quality microbiome samples and that a large portion of the bacteria identified in the sinus were deoxyribonuclease I sensitive. These results highlighted the need for improved techniques such as those presented here, which can differentiate between living and dead bacteria in a sample, a potentially critical distinction when examining changes in sinus innate immune function because both components play important, but distinct, functions. Further studies will determine how these living and dead bacterial populations shift in different disease states and after clinical intervention.
Genetic diversity and interspecific relationships of some <i>Allium</i> species using inter simple sequence repeat markers
Authors: Samiei Leila , Kiani Mahnaz , Zarghami Homa , Memariani Farshid , Joharchi Mohammad Reza 
Published: December 2015

In this study genetic diversity and interspecific relationships of 11 Allium L. species from Khorassan province of Iran including 32 accessions were investigated by inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Nine ISSR primers produced a total of 80 polymorphic markers and revealed high polymorphism among the studied species. The average gene diversity, effective number of alleles and Shannons information index were 0.2, 1.28 and 0.3, respectively. Allium kuhsorkhense exhibited the greatest level of variation (He: 0.18), whereas A. stipitatum demonstrated the lowest level of variability (He: 0.05). UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean) analysis showed that Allium accessions have a similarity range of 0.60 to 0.95. Allium scapriscapum composed the most distant group in the dendrogram. The clustered groups of Allium species clearly reflect the recent taxonomic concept of the genus at the subgenus and section levels. The present study showed that the ISSR technique is an effective molecular approach for analyzing genetic diversity and relationship in Allium species.Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 22(2): 67-75, 2015 (December)
Systematic implications of achene characteristics in genera <i>Centaurea</i> L., <i>Cyanus</i> Mill., <i>Psephellus</i> Cass. and <i>Rhaponticoides</i> Vaill. (Asteraceae)
Authors: Bona Mehmet 
Published: December 2015

This study examines the exomorphic achene characteristics of 23 taxa belonging to Centaurea, Cyanus, Psephellus and Rhaponticoides in Asteraceae using light microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The exomorphic characteristics studied are shape, size, colour and surface pattern of achene, and hair, length and colour of pappus. The results of the present investigation showed that achene size of the studied taxa is 37 × 14 mm. Pappus length is 114 mm, deciduous for three taxa and inner row is differentiated from the outer, 13 mm long, for 10 taxa. SEM studies showed eight different types of achene surface patterns for the studied taxa: Glebulate, glebulate-ruminate, reticulate, ribbed, ruminate, smooth, smooth-glebulate and undulate. Achene characteristics are useful for both intrageneric and intraspecific classification of the studied taxa.Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 22(2): 125-136, 2015 (December)
TOWARD MORE REALISTIC ANALYTIC MODELS OF THE HELIOTAIL: INCORPORATING MAGNETIC FLATTENING VIA DISTORTION FLOWS
Authors: Kleimann Jens , Röken Christian , Fichtner Horst , Heerikhuisen Jacob 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
Both physical arguments and simulations of the global heliosphere indicate that the tailward heliopause is flattened considerably in the direction perpendicular to both the incoming flow and the large-scale interstellar magnetic field. Despite this fact, all of the existing global analytical models of the outer heliosheath's magnetic field assume a circular cross section of the heliotail. To eliminate this inconsistency, we introduce a mathematical procedure by which any analytically or numerically given magnetic field can be deformed in such a way that the cross sections along the heliotail axis attain freely prescribed, spatially dependent values for their total area and aspect ratio. The distorting transformation of this method honors both the solenoidality condition and the stationary induction equation with respect to an accompanying flow field, provided that both constraints were already satisfied for the original magnetic and flow fields prior to the transformation. In order to obtain realistic values for the above parameters, we present the first quantitative analysis of the heliotail's overall distortion as seen in state-of-the-art three-dimensional hybrid MHD–kinetic simulations.