bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generalized Recalcitrant Pruritus as the Presenting Manifestation of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
Authors: Schreiber Ariane , LeBlanc Martin , Thibeault Marie-Marthe , Mathieu Steve 
Published: January 2016

Background and Objective: Pruritus is a frequent occurrence in dermatology, and investigation is often unrevealing. The authors report the case of a 65-year-old man presenting with generalized recalcitrant pruritus as the presenting manifestation of hypereosinophilic syndrome. Methods and Results: A 65-year-old man developed intractable pruritus. Results of polymerase chain reaction clonal rearrangement were positive and led to the diagnosis and treatment. The patient also developed massive pulmonary embolism, which can be caused by chronic eosinophilia. Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of investigating patients with pruritus and unexplained persistent eosinophilia. Hypereosinophilic syndrome must be included in the differential diagnosis, which in this case presented initially as intractable pruritus. Polymerase chain reaction clonal rearrangement was key in reinforcing the diagnosis.
Labeling Human Melanoma Cells With SPIO
Authors: Spira Daniel , Bantleon Rüdiger , Wolburg Hartwig , Schick Fritz , Groezinger Gerd , Wiskirchen Jakub , Wiesinger Benjamin 
Published: January 2016

Objectives: To use the superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) contrast agent Resovist (±transfection agent) to label human melanoma cells and determine its effects on cellular viability, microstructure, iron quantity, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detectability. Materials and Methods: Human SK-Mel28 melanoma cells were incubated with Resovist (±liposomal transfection agent DOSPER). The cellular iron content was measured, and labeled cells were examined at 1.5 T and 3.0 T. The intracellular and extracellular distributions of the contrast agent were assessed by light and electron microscopy. Results: The incubation of melanoma cells with SPIO does not interfere with cell viability or proliferation. The iron is located both intracellularly and extracellularly as iron clusters associated with the exterior of the cell membrane. Despite thorough washing, the extracellular SPIO remained associated with the cell membrane. The liposomal transfection agent does not change the maximum achievable cellular iron content but promotes a faster iron uptake. The MRI detectability persists for at least 7 days. Conclusion: The transfection agent DOSPER facilitates the efficient labeling of human metastatic melanoma cells with Resovist. Our findings raise the possibility that other Resovist-labeled cells may collect associated extracellular nanoparticles. The SPIO may be available to other iron-handling cells and not completely compartmentalized during the labeling procedure.
Ten years of experience in endovascular treatment of ruptured aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery
Authors: Juszkat Robert , Kram Paweł , Stanisławska Katarzyna , Jankowski Roman , Stachowska-Tomczak Bogumiła , Nowak Stanisław , Liebert Włodzimierz 
Published: January 2016

Background The aim of this study is to present our 10 years of experience in endovascular treatment of ruptured posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) saccular aneurysms and to compare clinical presentation and outcome after endovascular treatment between patients with PICA aneurysms and patients with aneurysms in different locations. Methods and findings Out of 932 patients with a ruptured intracranial aneurysm treated endovascularly in our institution, 38 aneurysms were located at the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Clinical presentation, mean aneurysm diameter and outcome of the therapy in this group were compared with the same for ruptured aneurysms in other locations. Patients discharged with favourable outcomes were checked angiographically in the follow-up period. Thirty-four patients with ruptured PICA aneurysms were treated by selective endovascular coiling. Two patients with wide-necked aneurysms had endovascular stents implanted. In two cases, the parent vessel was occluded due to failure to catheterise the target aneurysm. The evaluated variables did not differ significantly between two groups, but significantly more ruptured aneurysms in the PICA group were under 6 mm in diameter. 29.4% of controlled aneurysms needed additional reembolisation in the follow-up period. Conclusions Clinical presentation, extension of subarachnoid haemorrhage and outcome after endovascular treatment did not differ significantly between patients with ruptured aneurysms located on the PICA and patients with aneurysms located elsewhere intracranially. Endovascular treatment is an effective method of therapy in patients with ruptured PICA aneurysms. In our experience, even when sacrificing of the PICA is required, the results of treatment are favourable.
Early recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation with left atrial fibrosis identified at cardiac magnetic resonance by late gadolinium enhancement
Authors: Totaro Antonio , Casavecchia Graziapia , Gravina Matteo , Ieva Riccardo , Santoro Francesco , Grimaldi Massimo , Pellegrino Pier Luigi , Macarini Luca , Di Biase Matteo , Brunetti Natale Daniele 
Published: January 2016

In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), extensive atrial tissue fibrosis identified by delayed enhancement magnetic resonance imaging has been associated with early recurrence of AF after catheter ablation. We present a case of a patient with extensive atrial fibrosis and AF recurrence. The study of late gadolinium enhancement with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in patients with AF could be a valuable noninvasive tool for the selection of patients suitable for successful catheter ablation.
Compressive hematoma and deep arteriovenous malformation: Emergency endovascular occlusion via a venous approach with surgical evacuation of the hematoma
Authors: Sedat Jacques , Chau Yves , Sachet Marina , Cattet Florian , Lonjon Michel 
Published: January 2016

Compressive hematoma associated with deep arterio-venous malformation is a difficult surgery. Arterial presurgical embolization is often indicated but rarely effective. Endovascular occlusion via a venous approach is a technique that has recently been undertaken successfully to treat certain types of sub-pial vascular malformation. The venous endovascular approach has succeeded in a 20-year-old man of who presented with a compressive hematoma due to rupture of a deep arteriovenous malformation. By fully endovascular occlusion, the surgery consisted of surgical removal of the hematoma, with reduced cortical damage.
HIF-1α regulates the interaction of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells with the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Valsecchi Roberta , Coltella Nadia , Belloni Daniela , Ponente Manfredi , ten Hacken Elisa , Scielzo Cristina , Scarfò Lydia , Bertilaccio Maria Teresa Sabrina , Brambilla Paola , Lenti Elisa , Martinelli Boneschi Filippo , Brendolan Andrea , Ferrero Elisabetta , Ferrarini Marina , Ghia Paolo , Tonon Giovanni , Ponzoni Maurilio , Caligaris-Cappio Federico , Bernardi Rosa 
Published: January 2016

Key Points
HIF-1α critically regulates the interaction of neoplastic CLL cells with the leukemic microenvironment. HIF-1α is regulated at the transcriptional level in CLL patients and correlates with CXCR4 expression.
The ubiquitin ligase HERC4 mediates c-Maf ubiquitination and delays the growth of multiple myeloma xenografts in nude mice
Authors: Zhang Zubin , Tong Jiefei , Tang Xiaowen , Juan Jiaxiang , Cao Biyin , Hurren Rose , Chen Guodong , Taylor Paul , Xu Xin , Shi Chang-xin , Du Juan , Hou Jian , Wang Guanghui , Wu Depei , Stewart A. Keith , Schimmer Aaron D. , Moran Michael F. , Mao Xinliang 
Published: January 2016

Key Points
HERC4 is the first identified ubiquitin ligase that mediates c-Maf ubiquitination and degradation. HERC4 suppresses MM cell proliferation and delays MM tumor growth.
A subset of high-titer anti–factor VIII A2 domain antibodies is responsive to treatment with factor VIII
Authors: Eubanks Joshua , Baldwin W. Hunter , Markovitz Rebecca , Parker Ernest T. , Cox Courtney , Kempton Christine L. , Meeks Shannon L. 
Published: January 2016

Key PointsDiscrepancies exist between inhibitor titer and bleeding phenotype in anti-fVIII antibodies. A subset of high-titer type 2 anti-A2 inhibitors can be treated with fVIII.
Inhibition of the PI3K–Akt and mTORC1 signaling pathways promotes the elongation of vascular endothelial cells
Authors: Tsuji-Tamura Kiyomi , Ogawa Minetaro 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Endothelial cell morphology needs to be properly regulated during angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces endothelial cell elongation, which promotes sprouting of pre-existing vessels. However, therapeutic angiogenesis using VEGF has been hampered by side effects such as elevated vascular permeability. Here, we attempted to induce endothelial cell elongation without an overdose of VEGF. By screening a library of chemical inhibitors, we identified phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)–Akt pathway inhibitors and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) inhibitors as potent inducers of endothelial cell elongation. The elongation required VEGF at a low concentration, which was insufficient to elicit the same effect by itself. The elongation also depended on Foxo1, a transcription factor indispensable for angiogenesis. Interestingly, the Foxo1 dependency of the elongation was overridden by inhibition of mTORC1, but not by PI3K–Akt, under stimulation by a high concentration of VEGF. Dual inhibition of mTORC1 and mTORC2 failed to induce cell elongation, revealing mTORC2 as a positive regulator of elongation. Our findings suggest that the PI3K–Akt–Foxo1 and mTORC1–mTORC2 pathways differentially regulate endothelial cell elongation, depending on the microenvironmental levels of VEGF.
SHIP2 controls plasma membrane PI(4,5)P2 thereby participating in the control of cell migration in 1321 N1 glioblastoma cells
Authors: Elong Edimo William's , Ghosh Somadri , Derua Rita , Janssens Veerle , Waelkens Etienne , Vanderwinden Jean-Marie , Robe Pierre , Erneux Christophe 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Phosphoinositides, particularly phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3] and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], are recognized by SHIP2 (also known as INPPL1) a member of the inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase family. SHIP2 dephosphorylates PI(3,4,5)P3 to form PI(3,4)P2; the latter interacts with specific target proteins (e.g. lamellipodin). Although the preferred SHIP2 substrate is PI(3,4,5)P3, PI(4,5)P2 can also be dephosphorylated by this enzyme to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P). Through depletion of SHIP2 in the glioblastoma cell line 1321 N1, we show that SHIP2 inhibits cell migration. In different glioblastoma cell lines and primary cultures, SHIP2 staining at the plasma membrane partly overlaps with PI(4,5)P2 immunoreactivity. PI(4,5)P2 was upregulated in SHIP2-deficient N1 cells as compared to control cells; in contrast, PI4P was very much decreased in SHIP2-deficient cells. Therefore, SHIP2 controls both PI(3,4,5)P3 and PI(4,5)P2 levels in intact cells. In 1321 N1 cells, the PI(4,5)P2-binding protein myosin-1c was identified as a new interactor of SHIP2. Regulation of PI(4,5)P2 and PI4P content by SHIP2 controls 1321 N1 cell migration through the organization of focal adhesions. Thus, our results reveal a new role of SHIP2 in the control of PI(4,5)P2, PI4P and cell migration in PTEN-deficient glioblastoma 1321 N1 cells.
Activator of G-protein signaling 8 is involved in VEGF-mediated signal processing during angiogenesis
Authors: Hayashi Hisaki , Al Mamun Abdullah , Sakima Miho , Sato Motohiko 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Activator of G-protein signaling 8 (AGS8, also known as FNDC1) is a receptor-independent accessory protein for the Gβγ subunit, which was isolated from rat heart subjected to repetitive transient ischemia with the substantial development of collaterals. Here, we report the role of AGS8 in vessel formation by endothelial cells. Knockdown of AGS8 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced tube formation, as well as VEGF-stimulated cell growth and migration. VEGF stimulated the phosphorylation of the VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2, also known as KDR), ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK; however, knockdown of AGS8 inhibited these signaling events. Signal alterations by AGS8 siRNA were associated with a decrease of cell surface VEGFR-2 and an increase of VEGFR-2 in the cytosol. Endocytosis blockers did not influence the decrease of VEGFR-2 by AGS8 siRNA, suggesting the involvement of AGS8 in VEGFR-2 trafficking to the plasma membrane. VEGFR-2 formed a complex with AGS8 in cells, and a peptide designed to disrupt AGS8–Gβγ interaction inhibited VEGF-induced tube formation. These data suggest a potential role for AGS8–Gβγ in VEGF signal processing. AGS8 might play a key role in tissue adaptation by regulating angiogenic events.
The World Hip Trauma Evaluation Study 3
Authors: Sims A. L. , Parsons N. , Achten J. , Griffin X. L. , Costa M. L. , Reed M. R. 
Published: January 2016

Background Approximately half of all hip fractures are displaced intracapsular fractures. The standard treatment for these fractures is either hemiarthroplasty or total hip arthroplasty. The recent National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance on hip fracture management recommends the use of ‘proven’ cemented stem arthroplasty with an Orthopaedic Device Evaluation Panel (ODEP) rating of at least 3B (97% survival at three years). The Thompsons prosthesis is currently lacking an ODEP rating despite over 50 years of clinical use, likely due to the paucity of implant survival data. Nationally, adherence to these guidelines is varied as there is debate as to which prosthesis optimises patient outcomes. Design This study design is a multi-centre, multi-surgeon, parallel, two arm, standard-of-care pragmatic randomised controlled trial. It will be embedded within the WHiTE Comprehensive Cohort Study (ISRCTN63982700). The main analysis is a two-way equivalence comparison between Hemi-Thompson and Hemi-Exeter polished taper with Unitrax head. Secondary outcomes will include radiological leg length discrepancy measured as per Bidwai and Willett, mortality, re-operation rate and indication for re-operation, length of index hospital stay and revision at four months. This study will be supplemented by the NHFD (National Hip Fracture Database) dataset. Discussion Evidence on the optimum choice of prosthesis for hemiarthroplasty of the hip is lacking. National guidance is currently based on expert opinion rather than empirical evidence. The incidence of hip fracture is likely to continue to increase and providing high quality evidence on the optimum treatment will improve patient outcomes and have important health economic implications. Cite this article: A. L. Sims. The World Hip Trauma Evaluation Study 3: Hemiarthroplasty Evaluation by Multicentre Investigation – WHITE 3: HEMI – An Abridged Protocol. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:18–25. doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.51.2000473
Media evolution and ‘epi-technic’ digital media: Media as cultural selection mechanisms
Authors: Olesen Mogens 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The explosive development of new digital media technologies is often described as a media evolution but hardly ever is the concept of ‘media evolution’ taken at face value. This article takes up that challenge by combining cultural evolution theories with medium theory. The article argues that biological selection mechanisms can provide an inroad into a new kind of historical and structural understanding of the relation between human culture and our technologies. In specific, human history is seen as a cultural evolution in which media technologies are the selection mechanisms.
Terrorism as spectacle: It’s all for the audience
Authors: Matusitz Jonathan 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This paper analyses terrorism from the framework of ‘spectacle’ (Debord, 1995). In this context, ‘spectacle’ is a historical event that looks like a political drama, theatre, or even a play. The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks were played out as a script, mise en scène, and choreography. Terrorism can be a disaster or horror movie. This is made possible thanks to around-the-clock news and media images. Of particular importance is the ability of terrorism to command the audience’s gaze. As a spectacle, a terrorist act becomes a type of theatre; it is a performance to be seen. Electronic communications (television in particular) allow the immediate worldwide exposure of the terrorist spectacle. The purpose is to plant images – usually gory and frightening – in the audience’s collective memory. These images are seen, recorded, and usually unforgettable. The spectacle, then, becomes a ‘Culture of Terror’ (media images of horror and destruction).
Lucretius’ De Rerum Natura: A media ecological template
Authors: Macdougall Robert C. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Titus Lucretius Carus, or simply Lucretius (~94–55 bce), wrote the epic philosophical poem De Rerum Natura (common translation: On the Nature of Things, On the Nature of the Universe or The Way Things Are). The poem is an early scientific treatise, a classic example of grammar-as-interpretation that added some needed nuance to the rigid determinism of Democritus’ atomistic ontology and, more generally, promised to enlighten popular understanding of Epicurean philosophical doctrine. Key passages in Lucretius’ poem pre-empt several core precepts of media ecology, including the indeterminacy of causal explanation that amounts to a ‘soft’ form of determinism (i.e. ‘medium theory’) in both the natural and human-built worlds, whereby the formal properties of things offer clues to their causal potency, or capacity to effect change. It can be argued, by extension, that the media ecological emphasis on formal cause as the primary mechanism governing change also has roots in Lucretius’ epic poem.
Furthur!: Timothy Leary’s media ecology
Authors: Berdayes Vicente 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This article outlines Timothy Leary’s relationship with the field of media ecology. Leary’s well-known promotion of psychedelics is shown to relate to his broader interest in using technologies to enhance human abilities. Explicitly influenced by Marshall McLuhan, Leary’s ideas were framed in reference to an informationbased evolutionary cosmology in which new media facilitate freedom by augmenting cognition and breaking down oppressive institutions. Leary’s efforts to give these ideas practical expression also led to innovative experiments with media, including contributions to 1960s-era sound and light shows, spoken word performances and software programs still in use today. As a media theorist and practitioner as well as unequivocal champion of cognitive and social freedom, Leary deserves to be recognized as an iconic member of the media ecological tradition.
Yuri Lotman’s cultural semiotics as a contribution to media ecology
Authors: Novikova Anna A. , Chumakova Varvara P. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The article is devoted to the scientific legacy of a famous Soviet literary and culture scholar and semiotician, Yuri Lotman. Authors consider that many of Lotman’s ideas bring him together with the field of media ecology. Lotman’s cultural semiotics approach could in general be reduced to the formula ‘the medium is the text’. According to his studies the whole culture could be seen as a text that has interdependent ideas and structures. Lotman’s concept of the semiosphere, or dynamic inhomogeneous semiotic space, the cause and the result of culture, is analysed in the final part of the article. The main semiosphere features, which include two types of the text structure (binary and ternary) and two types of the cultural dynamics (progress and explosion), are depicted. We consider that the concept of the semiosphere is fruitful for further research of complicated and multilevel media environment.
Megamachines: From Mumford to Guattari
Authors: Genosko Gary 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This article builds a resource base for an understanding of philosopher and analyst Félix Guattari’s urbanism. By reviewing his deployments of Lewis Mumford’s concept of megamachines, and detailing his rejection of humanism and positive assessments of human–machine entanglements, I show that Guattari’s sense of the urban is defined as a machine that produces different kinds of subjectivities within an animistic assemblage of built structures. Further cross-references are pursued between Mumford’s criticisms of Marshall McLuhan and Teilhard de Chardin, and the fertile technological overlap between McLuhan and Gilles Deleuze’s views of the screen in film and television. Guattari’s brand of post-humanism includes a recoded Mumfordian megamachine as a form of machinic enslavement that integrates humans–machines while downplaying the social dimension of subjugation.
Lights! Camera! Author! Authorship as Hollywood performance
Authors: Leitch Thomas 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This article uses an intransitive model of adaptation, whereby texts adapt (themselves) rather than get adapted by others, to set adaptation, the tendency of texts to change to attract new audiences, against authorship, the tendency of other hands to constrain these changes through moral and legal sanctions. Although the conflict between adaptation and authorship may seem absolute, the Hollywood film-making industry, especially in its highly ambivalent treatment of writers, offers numerous possibilities for complicating the relationship between adaptation and authorship. The article considers the cases of Charles Dickens, William Faulkner and Charlie Chan to raise questions about authorship, and proposes a model of authorship as a collaborative, adaptive performance created, ratified and policed by the authorship industry rather than an existential fact.
Adaptation studies through screenwriting studies: Transitionality and the adapted screenplay
Authors: Sherry Jamie 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This article explores the reasons why screenwriting and the adapted screenplay have been marginalized or ignored in adaptation studies, and, conversely, foregrounds processes of remediation that have been neglected by scholars of screenplay studies. It aims to question why both academia and audiences choose to compartmentalize the act of screenwriting, the screenplay text and the screenwriters themselves as existing on the periphery of film generally, and adaptation specifically. It also demonstrates the many ways that the fields of study of adaptation theory and screenplay theory can mutually benefit from sharing and overlapping ideas in a knowledge exchange concerning the liminality of the adapted screenplay. This is made possible thanks to notable progress made in recent years in both fields of study, particularly concerning authorship, intertextuality and industrial process of remediation. This approach will consider how the relationship between the adapted screenplay and film questions received notions of authorship in adaptation, and refocuses the reader on the many film practitioners involved in adaptation, of which the screenwriter is just one. In doing so, it will highlight the importance of this ‘liminal’ phase in order to transcend compare-contrast discourses. By analysing each of these elements of the adapted screenplay it will also become possible to consider aspects of adaptation that progress beyond preoccupations with source literature and/or the faithfulness of the adapted film text.