bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Existence of solutions for critical fractional Kirchhoff problems
Authors: Zhang Xia , Zhang Chao 
Published: August 2016

Consider the following fractional Kirchhoff equations involving critical exponent:

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma4085:mma4085-math-0001
where (−Δ)α is the fractional Laplacian operator with α∈(0,1),
,
, λ2>0 and
is the critical Sobolev exponent, V(x) and k(x) are functions satisfying some extra hypotheses. Based on the principle of concentration compactness in the fractional Sobolev space, the minimax arguments, Pohozaev identity, and suitable truncation techniques, we obtain the existence of a nontrivial weak solution for the previously mentioned equations without assuming the Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition on the subcritical nonlinearity f. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Haemoglobin A1c as a screening tool to identify pre‐diabetes and diabetes in postpartum women with gestational diabetes
Authors: Dulipsingh Latha , Cooney Sally , Whitaker Margaret , Demarest Carole , Patel Dhruv , Roy Michele , Spurrier Wendy 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe primary objective of this study was to determine the right test and time for postpartum screening of women with gestational diabetes to identify diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance.Retrospective data were collected on women with gestational diabetes followed at the Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Care at Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut, USA.Of the 150 women included in this study, blood work was completed in 42 (28%) of the subjects. Of the women completing laboratory tests, 23 of them (56.1%) had an abnormal test result. Using the standard tests, 15 (41.7%) of the women tested positive based on HbA1c ≥5.7% (39 mmol/mol), six (16.7%) based on fasting glucose ≥100 mg/dl (5.6 mmol/L), and 10 (27%) based on 2‐hour 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) ≥140 mg/dl (7.8 mmol/L). However, due to better negative predictive value, HbA1c was more accurate than 2‐hour OGTT.Of the standard testing available, HbA1c alone identified the majority of the subjects with an abnormal test. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons.
Structural mutation analysis of PTEN and its genotype‐phenotype correlations in endometriosis and cancer
Authors: Smith Iris N. , Briggs James M. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) gene encodes a tumor suppressor phosphatase that has recently been found to be frequently mutated in patients with endometriosis, endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer. Here, we present the first computational analysis of 13 somatic missense PTEN mutations associated with these phenotypes. We found that a majority of the mutations are associated in conserved positions within the active site and are clustered within the signature motif, which contain residues that play a crucial role in loop conformation and are essential for catalysis. In silico analyses were utilized to identify the putative effects of these mutations. In addition, coarse‐grained models of both wild‐type (WT) PTEN and mutants were constructed using elastic network models to explore the interplay of the structural and global dynamic effects that the mutations have on the relationship between genotype and phenotype. The effects of the mutations reveal that the local structure and interactions affect polarity, protein structure stability, electrostatic surface potential, and global dynamics of the protein. Our results offer new insight into the role in which PTEN missense mutations contribute to the molecular mechanism and genotypic‐phenotypic correlation of endometriosis, endometrial cancer, and ovarian cancer. Proteins 2016; 84:1625–1643. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Amitraz and its metabolite differentially activate α‐ and β‐adrenergic‐like octopamine receptors
Authors: Kita Tomo , Hayashi Takeshi , Ohtani Tomohiro , Takao Haruka , Takasu Hiroshi , Liu Genyan , Ohta Hiroto , Ozoe Fumiyo , Ozoe Yoshihisa 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDAmitraz is a formamidine acaricide and insecticide used to control ticks, mites and fleas. N2‐(2,4‐Dimethylphenyl)‐N1‐methyformamidine (DPMF), a metabolite of amitraz, is thought to be an active agent that exerts acaricidal and insecticidal effects by acting as an agonist on octopamine receptors. The emergence of cattle ticks resistant to amitraz is a serious problem that requires urgent attention. The objective of this research was to determine which type of octopamine receptor is the primary target of amitraz and thereby understand the molecular mechanisms of action and resistance to amitraz.RESULTSAmitraz and DPMF potently activated Bombyx mori α‐ and β‐adrenergic‐like octopamine receptors (α‐ and β‐AL OARs) that were stably expressed in HEK‐293 cells. Notably, DPMF elevated intracellular cAMP levels, with an EC50 of 79.6 pm in β‐AL OARs, the transcripts of which were prevalently and widely localised in B. mori body parts. Furthermore, DPMF elevated the intracellular Ca2+ levels, with an EC50 of 1.17 nm in α‐AL OARs.CONCLUSIONAlthough both amitraz and DPMF acted as OAR agonists, the metabolite DPMF was more potent than amitraz and differentially activated α‐ and β‐AL OARs. The present findings provide a basis for studies to examine the mechanism of amitraz resistance and to develop novel acaricides and insecticides. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Analogies between Jahn–Teller and Rashba spin physics
Authors: Stroppa Alessandro , Barone Paolo , Di Sante Domenico , Cuoco Mario , Picozzi Silvia , Whangbo Myung‐Hwan 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn developing physical theories, analogical reasoning has been found to be very powerful, as attested by a number of important historical examples. An analogy between two apparently different phenomena, once established, allows one to transfer information and bring new concepts from one phenomenon to the other. Here, we discuss an important analogy between two widely different physical problems, namely, the Jahn–Teller distortion in molecular physics and the Rashba spin splitting in condensed matter physics. By exploring their conceptual and mathematical features and by searching for the counterparts between them, we examine the orbital texture in Jahn–Teller systems, as the counterpart of the spin texture of the Rashba physics, and put forward a possible way of experimentally detecting the orbital texture. Finally, we discuss the analogy by comparing the coexistence of linear Rashba + Dresselhaus effects and Jahn–Teller problems for specific symmetries, which allow for nontrivial spin and orbital textures, respectively.
Identifying fusion transcripts using next generation sequencing
Authors: Kumar Shailesh , Razzaq Sundus Khalid , Vo Angie Duy , Gautam Mamta , Li Hui 
Published: August 2016

Fusion transcripts (i.e., chimeric RNAs) resulting from gene fusions have been used successfully for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic applications. In addition, many fusion transcripts are found in normal human cell lines and tissues, with some data supporting their role in normal physiology. Besides chromosomal rearrangement, intergenic splicing can generate them. Global identification of fusion transcripts becomes possible with the help of next generation sequencing technology like RNA‐Seq. In the past decade, major advancements have been made for chimeric RNA discovery due to the development of advanced sequencing platform and software packages. However, current software tools behave differently in terms of specificity, sensitivity, time, and computational memory usage. Recent benchmarking studies showed that none of the tools are inclusive. The development of high performance (accurate and fast), and user‐friendly fusion detection tool/pipeline is still an open quest. In this article, we review the existing software packages for fusion detection. We explain the methods of the tools, and discuss various factors that affect fusion detection. We summarize conclusions drawn from several comparative studies, and then discuss some of the pitfalls of these studies. We also describe the limitations of current tools, and suggest directions for future development. WIREs RNA 2016, 7:811–823. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1382This article is categorized under:

RNA Evolution and Genomics > Computational Analyses of RNA
RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
Lanthanides Mediated Oxidative Cross Coupling of Benzylalcohol and Various Amines to Form Corresponding Imines
Authors: Bhattacharjee Jayeeta , Sachdeva Mitali , Panda Tarun K. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHerein, a new and efficient approach towards the oxidative cross‐coupling of benzylalcohol and various aromatic amines to form corresponding imines with high degree conversion (>80 %) and chemo‐selectivity using lanthanide salts as pre‐catalysts is presented. The catalyzed oxidative cross‐coupling reaction using La(NO3)3·6H2O as pre‐catalyst displayed a broad substrate scope. The reaction afforded various substituted imines from the reaction of benzylalcohol with ample variety of amines in good yields.
Expanding the phenotype of hawkinsinuria: new insights from response to N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine
Authors: Gomez‐Ospina Natalia , Scott Anna I. , Oh Gia J. , Potter Donald , Goel Veena V. , Destino Lauren , Baugh Nancy , Enns Gregory M. , Niemi Anna‐Kaisa , Cowan Tina M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHawkinsinuria is a rare disorder of tyrosine metabolism that can manifest with metabolic acidosis and growth arrest around the time of weaning off breast milk, typically followed by spontaneous resolution of symptoms around 1 year of age. The urinary metabolites hawkinsin, quinolacetic acid, and pyroglutamic acid can aid in identifying this condition, although their relationship to the clinical manifestations is not known. Herein we describe clinical and laboratory findings in two fraternal twins with hawkinsinuria who presented with failure to thrive and metabolic acidosis. Close clinical follow‐up and laboratory testing revealed previously unrecognized hypoglycemia, hypophosphatemia, combined hyperlipidemia, and anemia, along with the characteristic urinary metabolites, including massive pyroglutamic aciduria. Treatment with N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC) restored normal growth and normalized or improved most biochemical parameters. The dramatic response to NAC therapy supports the idea that glutathione depletion plays a key role in the pathogenesis of hawkinsinuria.
On the nature of fluctuations in turbulent Rayleigh–Bénard convection at large Prandtl numbers
Authors: Wei Ping , Ahlers Guenter 
Published: August 2016

We report experimental results for the power spectra, variance, skewness and kurtosis of temperature fluctuations in turbulent Rayleigh–Bénard convection (RBC) of a fluid with Prandtl number $Pr=12.3$ in cylindrical samples with aspect ratios $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}$ (diameter $D$ over height $L$) of 0.50 and 1.00. The measurements were primarily for the radial positions $\unicode[STIX]{x1D709}=1-r/(D/2)=1.00$ and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D709}=0.063$. In both cases, data were obtained at several vertical locations $z/L$. For all locations, there is a frequency range of about a decade over which the spectra can be described well by the power law $P(f)\sim f^{-\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}}$. For all $\unicode[STIX]{x1D709}$ and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}$, the $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}$ value is less than one near the top and bottom plates and increases as $z/L$ or $1-z/L$ increase from 0.01 to 0.5. This differs from the finding for$Pr=0.8$ (He et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 112, 2014, 174501) and the expectation for the downstream velocity of turbulent wall-bounded shear flow (Rosenberg, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 731, 2013, pp. 46–63), where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}=1$ is found or expected in an inner layer ($0.01\lesssim z/L\lesssim 0.1$) near the wall but in the bulk. The variance is described better by a power law $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}^{2}\sim (z/L)^{-\unicode[STIX]{x1D701}}$ than by the logarithmic dependence found or expected for $Pr=0.8$ and for turbulent shear flow. For both $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}$, we found that, independent of Rayleigh number, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D701}\simeq 2/3$ near the sidewall ($\unicode[STIX]{x1D709}=0.063$), where plumes primarily rise or fall and the large-scale circulation (LSC) dynamics is most influential. This result agrees with a model due to Priestley (Turbulent Transfer in the Lower Atmosphere, 1959, University of Chicago Press) for convection over a horizontal heated surface. However, we found $\unicode[STIX]{x1D701}\simeq 1$ along the sample centreline ($\unicode[STIX]{x1D709}=1.00$), where there are relatively few plumes moving vertically and the LSC dynamics is expected to be less important; that result is consistent with one of two possible interpretations by Adrian (Intl J. Heat Mass Transfer, vol. 39, 1996, pp. 2303–2310) of a model due to Libchaber et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 204, 1989, pp. 1–30). We discuss the composite nature of fluctuations in turbulent RBC, with contributions from intrinsic background fluctuations, plumes, the stochastic dynamics of the LSC, and the sloshing and torsional mode of the LSC. None of the models advanced so far explicitly consider all of these contributions.
Vorticity and mixing in Rayleigh–Taylor Boussinesq turbulence
Authors: Schneider Nicolas , Gauthier Serge 
Published: August 2016

The Rayleigh–Taylor instability induced turbulence is studied under the Boussinesq approximation focusing on vorticity and mixing. A direct numerical simulation has been carried out with an auto-adaptive multidomain Chebyshev–Fourier–Fourier numerical method. The spatial resolution is increased up to$(24\times 40)\times 940^{2}=848\,M$collocation points. The Taylor Reynolds number is$\mathit{Re}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{zz}}\approx 142$and a short inertial range is observed. The nonlinear growth rate of the turbulent mixing layer is found to be close to$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}_{b}=0.021$. Our conclusions may be summarized as follows.(i) The simulation data are in agreement with the scalings for the pressure ($k^{-7/3}$) and the vertical mass flux ($k^{-7/3}$).(ii) Mean quantities have a self-similar behaviour, but some inhomogeneity is still present. For higher-order quantities the self-similar regime is not fully achieved.(iii) In the self-similar regime, the mean dissipation rate and the enstrophy behave as$\langle \overline{\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}}\rangle \propto t$and$\langle \overline{\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}_{i}\,\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}_{i}}^{1/2}\rangle \propto t^{1/2}$, respectively.(iv) The large-scale velocity fluctuation probability density function (PDF) is Gaussian, while vorticity and dissipation PDFs show large departures from Gaussianity.(v) The pressure PDF exhibits strong departures from Gaussianity and is skewed. This is related to vortex coherent structures.(vi) The intermediate scales of the mixing are isotropic, while small scales remain anisotropic. This leaves open the possibility of a small-scale buoyancy. Velocity intermediate scales are also isotropic, while small scales remain anisotropic. Mixing and dynamics are therefore consistent.(vii) Properties and behaviours of vorticity and enstrophy are detailed. In particular, equations for these quantities are written down under the Boussinesq approximation.(viii) The concentration PDF is quasi-Gaussian. The vertical concentration gradient is both non-Gaussian and strongly skewed.
IMAGES OF ADELIC GALOIS REPRESENTATIONS FOR MODULAR FORMS
Authors: LOEFFLER DAVID 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe show that the image of the adelic Galois representation attached to a non-CM modular form is open in the adelic points of a suitable algebraic subgroup of GL2 (defined by F. Momose). We also show a similar result for the adelic Galois representation attached to a finite set of modular forms.
Le Bâtiment isolé de Khorsabad, Une nouvelle tentative de reconstitution
Authors: Gillmann Nicolas 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe purpose of the present paper is to review the question of the “bâtiment isolé” located at the north-west corner of the royal terrace at Khorsabad. The author seeks first to demonstrate how this building can be connected with the one depicted on relief 12 in Room VII of Sargon's palace, and secondly to propose a reconstruction both of the plan and the elevation of the building, incorporating all the special features belonging to it (column, capital, roof and so on). In order to do so, the author compares typically Assyrian plans, such as those of reception suites, with the remains of the “bâtiment isolé”. The reconstruction of the elevation of this building will partly be based on the relief from Room VII and partly on archaeological remains, such as column bases like those found at Khorsabad (Palace F and Residence K) and at Nineveh.
Excavations in Iraq: The Jazirah Salvage Project, second report
Authors: Altaweel Mark 
Published: August 2016

This is the second article in a series detailing archaeological results from salvage excavations conducted in northern Iraq during the 1980s and early 1990s. An introduction and background information to the overall salvage project and specific information on fifteen excavated sites in the northern Jazirah, near the Iraq-Syria border and mostly within T. J. Wilkinson and D. J. Tucker's North Jazira Survey (NJS; see Wilkinson and Tucker 1995), were provided in the first article (Altaweel 2006). In that article the project was called the Ray Jazirah Project (RJP), and the fifteen sites were referenced as RJP 1–15. Since then I have been informed that a more appropriate name is the Jazirah Salvage Project. Nevertheless, for consistency with the last and future articles, the RJP initials will be maintained for referencing archaeological sites and the project in general.This report provides data for the second set of excavated sites in the North region of the RJP. As in the first article, my role has been to provide this information to a wider audience prior to publication in Arabic and to conduct comparative analysis of the source material with other archaeological sites. I have attempted to maintain fidelity to the original source material, including using Iraqi conventions such as the system of numbering levels and ceramics, with only my commentary added to help in the interpretation of the data. In a similar manner to the previous report, very detailed descriptions on any one site will not be provided; rather, the primary purpose is to give summary data on the excavation results, with significant emphasis, where possible, on the ceramic remains. A list of the sites' occupation history and a table listing RJP sites with corresponding NJS sites (Table 1) are provided prior to the discussion of archaeological results. This report includes some additional details from a previously discussed site (RJP 5). The new sites discussed, including the first fifteen sites in the earlier article, can be seen in Fig. 1 according to their RJP numbers.
Excavations at Tell Brak 2006–2007
Authors: McMahon Augusta , Oates Joan , Al-Quntar S. , Charles M. , Colantoni C. , Hald M. M. , Karsgaard P. , Khalidi L. , Soltysiak A. , Stone A. , Weber J. 
Published: August 2016

Excavations at Tell Brak in 2006–7 explored two key episodes in Mesopotamian political and social history, developing early social complexity in the fifth to fourth millennia BC and the shift from territorial state to early empire in the second millennium BC. Late Chalcolithic complexity is represented in Area TW on the main mound and at the outlying sub-mound of Tell Majnuna, while investigation of the Old Babylonian to Mitanni state-to-empire transition involved excavation in Areas HH and HN (Fig. 1). Both sets of excavations tie into our exploration of larger issues of the creation and maturation of past urban landscapes, for which Tell Brak provides a great depth of data.We would like once again to express our warmest gratitude to Dr Bassam Jamous, Director General of Antiquities and Museums, to Dr Michel Al-Maqdissi, Director of Excavations, to all their staff in Damascus, and to Sd Abdul Messih Baghdo, Director of the Antiquities Office in Hasseke, for their constant and friendly support. Financial support for the excavations was generously provided by the British School of Archaeology in Iraq, the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge, the National Geographic Committee for Research and Exploration (2006), the Society of Antiquaries of London (2007), Newnham College, Cambridge and the University of Cambridge. We are extremely grateful to all those who have made this research possible.
Tablets from the Sippar Library XIIIEnūma Anu EllilXX
Authors: Al-Rawi F. N. H. , George A. R. 
Published: August 2016

The Sippar Library tablet IM 124485 is a new source for Tablet XX ofEnūma Anu Ellil (EAE), the great compilation of Babylonian celestial and meteorological omens. The twentieth tablet of the series, which deals principally with lunar eclipses on the fourteenth day of each month of the year, was edited by Francesca Rochberg in 1988 along with all the other tablets of lunar-eclipse omens inEAE(Rochberg-Halton 1988: Chapter 10). Rochberg was unable to report the whole text of her MS M = ND 4357, a Neo-Assyrian tablet from the library of the temple of Nabû at Kalaḫ; it can now be consulted asCTNIV 5 (Wiseman and Black 1996: Pls. 5–6, 145), though the copy of the reverse is inadequate. In addition a Late Babylonian exemplar of a further commentary, written in the time of Philip Arrhidaeus for the scholar Iqīša of Uruk, has come to light in W23300 (now IM 75990), published asUrukIV 162 (von Weiher 1993: 103–5, 186). Despite these additions to knowledge, some of the text ofEAEXX remained poorly enough preserved to make the discovery of a new manuscript very welcome.The new tablet allows seven sections of the text ofEAEXX to be reconstructed in full, and our understanding of the technical terminology refined as a consequence. The chief interest of this tablet ofEAEemerges more clearly than before. The common denominator of the twelve lunar-eclipse omens ofEAEXX is eclipses that, at least notionally, set in “above” and clear “below”, as observed in 1. 66 of the tablet published here. However, the observed phenomena that especially distinguish the protases ofEAEXX from those of other calendrical lunar-eclipse tablets appear to be particular to partial eclipses. The progress of the eclipse to a point at which the disk is half eclipsed (imšul) or more (eli mašāli illik) is explicitly recorded on six occasions (§§1.2, IV, V, VII, VIII, IX). The portents relate either to the moon's “emblem” (šurinnu), a term that signifies the moon in eclipse (§§1.1, IV), to its “horns” (qarnu), i.e. the cusps of the partially eclipsed disk (§§VIII, IX, X, XI, XII), or to both (§§V, VII). It seems that what the compiler ofEAEXX considered most portentous were the appearance, behaviour and other aspects of the lunar disk while the moon was half, or more than half, eclipsed.