bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and influencing factors of cognitive frailty among Chinese older adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lin Xie , Nian Zhong , Yang Liu , Qing Zhang , Zhenjun Niu , Yanlin Heng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimsCognitive frailty refers to the coexistence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment in older adults, without a concurrent diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease or other dementias. This review aims to evaluate the prevalence of CF subtypes and identify influencing factors among Chinese older adults.MethodsThe following databases were searched: PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, WOS, PsycINFO and CNKI et al (1 January 2001 to 20 October 2022). The risk of bias was assessed using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Evidence‐based Practice Center Methods Guide. Stata 17.0 software was used to pool the prevalence of cognitive frailty, and the pooled odds ratio and 95% CI of the influencing factors were calculated.ResultsThe meta‐analysis (56 studies and 80,320 participants) revealed the following prevalence rates: CF (18.9%), reversible CF (19.5%), potentially reversible CF (17.5%), CF in community‐dwelling older adults (14.3%), CF in nursing homes (22.7%) and CF in older inpatients (25.2%). Influential factors identified included age, gender, education, nutrition, depression, exercise, sleep and comorbidity.ConclusionsThe prevalence of CF among Chinese older adults is notably high, and it probably underestimates the prevalence of reversible cognitive frailty. It is crucial to encourage adherence to healthy behaviours, as it can effectively reduce and delay the onset of cognitive frailty.
Is seated voiding associated with lower urinary tract symptoms, health conditions, or marital status? Findings by age group from the 2023 Japan Community Health Survey
Authors: Sekido Noritoshi , Haga Nobuhiro , Omae Kenji , Kubota Yasue , Mitsui Takahiko , Masumori Naoya , Saito Motoaki , Sakakibara Ryuji , Yoshida Mikako , Takahashi Satoru 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesSeated voiding may be an attempt to obviate voiding dysfunction, improve physical stability during voiding, and prevent messy bathroom contamination. Therefore, we hypothesized that seated voiders had a higher prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), deteriorating health conditions, and a higher marriage rate than standing voiders.MethodsOf the participants from the 2023 Japan Community Health Survey conducted by the Japanese Continence Society, 2936 men (mean age: 53.6 years old) were divided into sitting and standing groups based on their posture when voiding at home. Characteristics of the two groups were compared, and factors associated with seated voiding stratified by age were investigated using multivariable logistic regression analysis.ResultsOne‐thousand six‐hundred and sixty men (57%) voided in the sitting position at home, and the proportion of seated voiding decreased with age. On multivariable analysis, comorbidities other than benign prostatic hyperplasia were associated with the standing group aged 40–59, and storage symptoms were associated with the seated group aged 60 and older. Being married was significantly and consistently associated with seated voiding across all ages.ConclusionsApproximately 60% of Japanese men void in the sitting position at home. There are certain differences in the associations of LUTS and health conditions with voiding position by age, while seated voiding is consistently associated with marital status throughout all ages, which implies that sanitation matters.
Disruptive Timetables and Frameworks Within the Gamification of Critique and Peer Review
Authors: Makemson Justin B. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractResearchers define gamification as the phenomenon of creating “gameful experiences” and the use of “game mechanics” in non‐gaming contexts (Deterding et al. 2011; Hamari et al. 2014). Gamification within education is the translation of design elements historically associated with gaming, e.g., embodiment, restructured timetables, probability, risk and reward, into the design of pedagogical approaches towards the goal of increasing student motivation, responsiveness and self‐determination. The following article examines the gamification of critiques and peer‐reviews as an evidence‐based best practice and disruptive innovation before outlining examples of critique games. The critique games in this article disrupt instinctive response frameworks and timetables and provide alternatives to more conventional critique and peer‐review practices.
Crip Time Travels Through the Membrane and Vortex: An Autoethnographic Inquiry of Neurodivergent Student Temporality in Higher Art Education
Authors: Smith Timothy J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCrip time is a fluid term with various definitions that pertain to the ways that disabled people experience time. In one sense, the effects of crip time can be constraining, particularly when it results in an encounter with ableist institutional and societal barriers. But crip time can also take on a liberatory form as a mode of resistance and a catalyst for structural change. This autoethnographic inquiry explores these various manifestations of crip time and will take form as a kind of crip time travel endeavour that recounts my experiences of temporality as a neurodivergent university art student. Framed through the mental imagery of the membrane and the vortex, I discuss the ways in which my neurodivergent student temporality collided and conflicted with the rigid temporal frameworks of neoliberal higher art education (HAE). I particularly focus on how HAE segments its programming into academic and artistic curricular time. I detail my difficulties keeping up with the academic curricular time to such an extent that the studio time and community time of artistic curricular time became lost or displaced time. Based on this crip time travel inquiry, I will acknowledge and move beyond a confining conception of crip time to offer insights into the liberatory potential of crip time towards reimagining temporal relations, reconceiving student success and opening time for neurodivergent students for critical making and thinking among a community of artist peers and mentors in HAE.
Decent and Precarious Work Among Nursing and Care Workers: A Mixed‐Method Systematic Review
Authors: Hult Marja , Ring Marjo , Siranko Heta , Kangasniemi Mari 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo identify and describe evidence from original studies on the contextual factors, dimensions, and outcomes of decent and precarious work among nursing and care workers.DesignThis is a mixed‐methods systematic review.Data SourcesThe Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO and SocINDEX databases were searched on January 11, 2024.MethodsTwo reviewers independently applied eligibility criteria, selected studies, and conducted quality appraisals. We employed data‐based convergent synthesis as the data synthesis method. The dimensions of decent and precarious work were analysed deductively using the Employment Quality Framework.ResultsFive studies on decent work and 13 studies on precarious work were included. Five contextual factors were common, though opposite, in both decent and precarious work studies: employment contract, position, financial situation, age, and work experience. Three outcomes were also common. Decent work increased, and precarious work decreased, physical and mental health and empowerment, whereas turnover was decreased by decent work and increased by precarious work.ConclusionsChallenges can be converted into positive outcomes for the future, moving towards meaningful work, fair jobs, sustainable employment policies, and attractive career prospects. To achieve this, more knowledge is needed about employment quality in nursing and care work.Implications for the ProfessionYoung nurses and care workers should be provided opportunities to fully engage in their work and organisations. Training is also crucial for managers, as it decreases authoritarian and controlling management practices.ImpactThis review is the first to synthesise research evidence on decent and precarious work in nursing and care work, confirming that they are opposite concepts of employment quality. The results benefit nurses and care workers, organisations, and decision‐makers.Reporting MethodThe study was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) checklist.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.
Stress, Anxiety and Coping in Adults With Down Syndrome: An Exploratory Co‐Research Study
Authors: Scott Ashley , Gould Ryan , Quidore Liam , Koeut‐Futch Keryden , Bock Emily , Kumar Prisha Sujin , Christensen Staci , Edouard Augusta , Golden Benjamin , Rapp Eden , Sigelko Kaethe , Sokoloff Alexis , Versfelt Caley , Rubenstein Eric 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAt least half of children and adults with Down syndrome have a major mental health concern during their life but few studies ask people with Down syndrome directly about their experience. We used a co‐research model to explore anxiety, stress, and coping in adults with Down syndrome.MethodsOur group of researchers and adults with Down syndrome conducted an online survey on mental health for adults with Down syndrome. We analysed quantitative data and thematically grouped coping mechanisms.ResultsSixty adults with Down syndrome completed the survey, mean age was 30 years, and 55% of respondents had some employment. Approximately 80% of respondents reported experiencing stress and 75% reported experiencing anxiety. Employed respondents were more likely to use social coping mechanisms.ConclusionSoliciting responses from adults with Down syndrome about their mental health can provide valuable insights. Mental health is a concern for people with Down syndrome that should be addressed.
Immigration Policy Preferences in Six EU Countries: The Shadow of Intergovernmental Conflicts in Public Opinion
Authors: Wasserfallen Fabio , Woeffray Théoda 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMigration politics in the European Union (EU) is highly conflictual. The Dublin framework produces, consolidates and constantly re‐enforces divides amongst the governments of EU member states. A prime example is the country‐of‐first‐entry principle, which sets countries at the external EU border against non‐border countries. We investigate whether evidence of these conflicts amongst governments also translate into cross‐national divides in public opinion. To this end, we separate EU countries along two lines, border versus non‐border and host versus non‐host countries, and derive policy positions for six member states with respect to four immigration policies. The analysis of original survey data shows that public opinion follows, as expected, the patterns of intergovernmental conflicts. That the public is, like the governments, divided along national lines highlights the dominance of intergovernmental conflict in EU migration politics. As long as this logic prevails, the potential for collective action in EU migration policy‐making remains narrow.
Whether and how to store firearms in the home: Qualitative insights from care partner experiences in the Safety in Dementia Trial
Authors: Knoepke Christopher E. , Meza Kayla , Portz Jennifer D. , Ranney Megan L. , Fisher Stacy M. , Omeragic Faris , Greenway Emily , Castaneda Mirella , Matlock Daniel D. , Betz Marian E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundMost people with dementia (PWD) in the United States live in community settings supported by family and/or unpaid care partners. Firearms access is one of many decisions care partners navigate alongside PWD in efforts to prevent injuries and deaths. Conversations about firearms access are socially challenging, although specific challenges to be overcome have not been described.MethodsAs part of the larger Safety in Dementia Trial, we interviewed care partners about their views and experiences regarding firearms access in the home where the PWD resides. Interviewees were English‐speaking adults (≥18 years) in the United States who are unpaid care partners of community‐dwelling PWD. Responses to interview discussions related to (1) a desire for safety, and (2) fear of firearm violence was analyzed using a focusing process to categorize views into essential themes.ResultsFifty care partners, who were primarily female (58%), White (66%), adult children (56%), and living in the same household (64%), participated in interviews between February 2023–February 2024. Dominant themes emerging from the focusing technique included (1) firearms as a necessary component of home safety; (2) fear of accidental/impulsive firearm violence; (3) observed risk and “near misses”; and (4) differing views on home firearms as a source of conflict. Thematic descriptions did not differ according to care partner's relationship to the PWD (adult child, spouse, other).ConclusionsConsidering whether and how to alter access to firearms where PWD reside can be difficult for care partners to navigate. Care partners expressed a desire to limit firearms access, but worried both about creating conflict with the PWD and the self‐defense implications of making firearms inaccessible. Findings were similar across subsets of care partners indicating that standardized tools and messaging to care partners may be effective in promoting safety in homes with PWD.
The miR396a–SlGRF8 module regulates sugar accumulation in the roots via SlSTP10 during the interaction between root‐knot nematodes and tomato plants
Authors: Sun Lulu , Zhu Mengting , Zhou Xiaoxuan , Gu Ruiyue , Hou Yuying , Li Tongtong , Huang Huang , Yang Rui , Wang Shaohui , Zhao Wenchao 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTRoot‐knot nematodes (RKNs; Meloidogyne spp.) are a serious threat to crop production. The competition between plants and pathogens for assimilates influences the outcome of their interactions. However, the mechanisms by which plants and nematodes compete with each other for assimilates have not been elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that miR396a plays a negative role in defense against RKNs and a positive role in sugar accumulation in tomato roots. The overexpression of SlGRF8 (Solanum lycopersicum growth‐regulating factor 8), the target of miR396a, decreased the sugar content of the roots and the susceptibility to RKNs, whereas the grf8‐cr mutation had the opposite effects. Furthermore, we confirmed that SlGRF8 regulated the sugar content in roots by directly activating the transcription of SlSTP10 (Solanum lycopersicum sugar transporter protein 10) in response to RKN stress. Moreover, SlSTP10 was expressed primarily in the tissues surrounding giant cells, and the SlSTP10 knockout increased both the sugar content in the roots and the plant's susceptibility to RKNs. Overall, this study provides important insight into the molecular mechanism through which the miR396a‐SlGRF8‐SlSTP10 module regulates sugar allocation in roots under RKN stress.
Reducing confusion surrounding expert conceptions of Alzheimer's and dementia: A practical analysis
Authors: Daly Timothy , Mastroleo Ignacio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBiological, clinicobiological and clinical conceptions of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias are being promoted simultaneously to different practical ends. The co‐existence of contemporary conceptions and the ‘scary label’ associated with older diagnostic criteria create the possibility of misunderstanding and harm. In this comment, we argue in favour of socio‐ethical interventions targeted to health workers and the general public so as to lower the uncertainties introduced by contemporary diagnostic criteria and to articulate how they relate to established criteria.
Remora‐CNN: A Novel and Effective Method for Rice Leaf Disease Detection and Classification
Authors: Chaudhari Devchand J. , Karunakaran Malathi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTFor millions of people worldwide, rice is one of the main food crops. Nevertheless, while being grown, rice is susceptible to many diseases. Most rice plant diseases are influenced by biotic and abiotic factors, including nematodes, viroids, fungus, viruses, bacteria, and other microorganisms, as well as temperature and other environmental factors. Thus, an automatic early classification of leaf disease is necessary to improve the rice yield. In this paper, for identifying and categorizing the rice leaf disease, a convolutional neural network (CNN) model is used, and the CNN is trained using the Remora Optimization Algorithm (ROA). A better classification outcome is attained by performing the segmentation process using K‐means with the Fractional Tangential‐Spherical Kernel (FTSK) algorithm. Furthermore, the developed Remora Optimization‐ Convolutional Neural Network (Remora‐CNN) method achieved the optimal performance based on the testing accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 0.925, 0.931, and 0.941 using the Rice Leaf Disease Image Samples Dataset.
Clinical, magnetic resonance imaging, histopathological features, treatment options and outcome of spinal ependymoma in dogs: 8 cases (2011–2022)
Authors: Della Camera N. , Cantile C. , Falzone C. 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesThis study aims to report on the clinical magnetic resonance imaging, histological features, treatment options and outcomes of spinal ependymomas in dogs.Materials and MethodsRetrospective evaluation of medical records from dogs histologically confirmed spinal ependymomas with clinical presentations, magnetic resonance imaging findings, histological aspects, treatment options and outcomes.ResultsEight dogs presented with acute to subacute onset of para‐ or tetraparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging findings included intramedullary oval‐shaped space‐occupying lesions that appeared hyperintense on T2‐weighted images isointense on T1‐weighted images and exhibited marked homogeneous or ring contrast enhancement. A peculiar feature, previously described only in human ependymomas, was observed in three patients – a T2‐weighted hypointense rim, termed hemosiderin cap sign. Haematomyelia with necrotic foci was observed in one dog. Surgery, when performed, enabling a definitive intra‐vitam diagnosis. Histological examination revealed that rosettes and pseudo‐rosettes as disposition of neoplastic cells were the most common features reported. Furthermore, cerebrospinal fluid metastases were identified in one case.Clinical SignificanceClinical and histopathological findings in our case series were consistent with those previously reported in the literature. Magnetic resonance imaging features were fairly typical and highly suggestive of spinal ependymomas. The hemosiderin cap sign may aid in the presumptive intra‐vitam diagnosis of these rare spinal tumours. Additionally, we described cerebrospinal fluid spread of neoplastic cells and subsequent multifocal or metastasis presentations. Surgery offered a dual benefit by facilitating intra‐vitam diagnosis and, in some cases, extending survival time.
Food purchase diversity is associated with market food diversity and diets of children and their mothers but not fathers in rural Tanzania: Results from the EFFECTS baseline survey
Authors: O'Malley Savannah F. , Ambikapathi Ramya , Boncyk Morgan , Mosha Dominic , Verissimo Cristiana K. , Galvin Lauren , Mapendo Frank , Lyatuu Isaac , Kieffer Mary Pat , Jeong Joshua , Matangi Evidence , PrayGod George , Gunaratna Nilupa S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRural households in East Africa rely on local markets, but the influence of market food diversity and household food purchase diversity on diets has not been well‐characterized. We quantify the associations among market food diversity, household food purchase diversity and dietary diversity of mothers, fathers and children in rural Tanzania. This study uses baseline data from a randomized controlled trial, Engaging Fathers for Effective Child Nutrition and Development in Tanzania. We used the 10 food groups for women's dietary diversity to assess the seasonal availability of nutritious foods in 79 markets. Using data from 957 rural households in two districts in Mara, Tanzania, we measured household food purchase diversity over the previous month and dietary diversity among children (6–23 months), mothers and fathers. Overall, 63% of markets sold all 10 food groups throughout the year, indicating high‐market food diversity and minimal seasonality. However, only 33% of women and 35% of children met dietary diversity recommendations. Households that reported higher purchasing power (0.14, p < 0.001), lived within 30 min of a market (0.36, p = 0.001) and had access to a highly diverse market (0.37, p = 0.01) purchased a higher diversity of foods. In turn, food purchase diversity was positively associated with the dietary diversity of mothers (p < 0.001) and children 9–23 months (p < 0.001) but not fathers (p = 0.56). Interventions must account for food availability and access in local markets, and promoting diverse food purchases may be an effective strategy to improve women's and children's diets in rural areas.
Diagnostic classification systems for disorders of gut‐brain interaction should include psychological symptoms
Authors: Jones Michael P. , Holtmann Gerald J. , Tack Jan , Carbonne Florencia , Chey William , Koloski Natasha , Shah Ayesha , Bangdiwala Shrikant I. , Sperber Ami D. , Palsson Olafur S. , Talley Nicholas J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThe group of disorders known as Disorders of Gut Brain Interaction (DGBI) were originally labeled functional GI disorders and were thought to be disorders of the gastrointestinal tract that had several psychological conditions as comorbidities. Despite mounting evidence that psychological morbidity plays an innate role in the etiology and maintenance of DGBI, none of the Rome IV criteria include any measure of psychological symptoms.This study tested the hypothesis that individuals would cluster differently if GI symptoms alone were considered versus GI symptoms combined with measures of psychological symptoms.MethodsData were obtained from the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study measuring Rome IV GI symptoms, psychological measures and demographic characteristics. Latent profile models were used to cluster individuals based on (i) GI symptoms only (GI only) and then (ii) GI and psychological measures (GI + Psych).Key ResultsIndividuals clustering into the same group of individuals whether formed via GI only or GI + Psych, ranged from 96% for a 2‐class solution (the most simplistic) to 76% with 6 classes (the parsimonious system) and 59% with twenty‐two classes (mimicking Rome IV). The generalisability of this finding between six geographic regions was confirmed with agreement varying between 95%–97% for 2 clusters and 71–79% for 6 classes and 51%–63% for 22 classes. These findings were also consistent between DGBI (range 94% with 2 classes to 50% with 22 classes) and non‐DGBI (range 97% with 2 clusters to 65% with 22 classes) groups.Conclusions & InferencesOur data suggest that considering psychological as well as gastrointestinal symptoms would lead to a different clustering of individuals in more complex, and accurate, classification systems. For this reason, future work on DGBI classification should consider inclusion of psychological traits.