bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR-9-5p/HMMR regulates the tumorigenesis and progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma through EMT and JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway
Authors: Niu Xinyang , Lu Dingheng , Zhan Weitao , Sun Jiazhu , Li Yuxiao , Shi Yuchen , Yu Kai , Huang Suyuelin , Ma Xueyou , Liu Xiaoyan , Liu Ben 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The most common type of kidney cancer that easily metastasizes is clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The expression levels of hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (HMMR) in many tumor types are significantly enhanced. HMMR is closely associated with tumor-related progression, treatment resistance, and discouraging prognosis, has yet to be fully investigated in terms of its expression patterns and molecular mechanisms of action in ccRCC. Further research is imperative to elucidate these aspects.
Methods
We used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to preliminarily investigate HMMR expression and function in ccRCC. We assessed the differential expression level of HMMR between ccRCC cancerous tissues and their matched non-tumor tissues. Subsequently, a series of in vivo and in vitro experiments were designed to elucidate the biological function of HMMR in ccRCC, including Transwell migration assays, CCK-8 assays, clone formation assays and subcutaneous xenograft experiments in nude mice. Through bioinformatics analysis, we identified potential microRNAs (miRNAs) that may regulate HMMR, as well as the possible signaling pathways involved. Finally, we conducted a series of cellular functional experiments to validate our hypotheses regarding the HMMR axis.
Results
HMMR expression was observably up-regulated in tumor tissues of ccRCC patients, and elevated HMMR expression level showed a strong correlation with ccRCC progression and adverse prognoses of patients. Knocking down HMMR inhibited the proliferative and migratory abilities of ccRCC cells, while its overexpression amplified these oncogenic properties. In nude mouse model, reduced HMMR expression inhibited ccRCC tumor proliferation in vivo. Furthermore, overexpression of an upstream transcriptional regulator, miR-9-5p, effectively downregulated HMMR expression and thus impeded ccRCC cells proliferation and migration. In addition, HMMR might influence ccRCC growth via the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) pathway and the Janus Kinase1/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription1 (JAK1/STAT1) pathway.
Conclusions
HMMR is overexpressed in ccRCC, and there is a significant link between high HMMR expression and tumor progression, as well as poor patient prognosis. Specifically, HMMR could be targeted and inhibited by miR-9-5p and might modulate the tumorigenesis and progression of ccRCC through both EMT and JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway.
Clinical and CT imaging characteristics of early recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection
Authors: Chen Jun , Luo Tao , Gao Lujing , Chen Kexin , Li Kang , Chen Zhu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate the clinical and CT imaging factors of early recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after surgical resection and their predictive value.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 87 HCC patients who underwent curative resection. The associations of clinical and CT imaging factors with early recurrence were investigated by univariate and multivariate analysis. A binary logistic regression model was constructed based on the results of a multivariate regression analysis. The area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy rate, together with their 95% confidence interval (CI), were calculated.
Results
Postoperative early HCC recurrence was associated with alpha-fetoprotein, the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, tumor diameter, unsmooth margins and satellite nodules (P < 0.05). The binary logistic regression model included 3 predictors from the regression analysis: PLR, tumor margin, and satellite nodule. The AUC, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy rate were 0.854 (95% CI 0.776 ~ 0.933), 85.29%, 92.11%, 78.6%, 80% and 81.8%, respectively.
Conclusion
PLR, tumor margins, and satellite nodules were independent risk factors for postoperative HCC early recurrence. The binary logistic regression model based on these indicators showed good performance in predicting postoperative HCC early recurrence.
Magnoflorine alleviates colitis-induced anxiety-like behaviors through regulating gut microbiota and microglia mediated neuroinflammation
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Mengfan , Dong Yue , Wang Jingyi , Qin Siqi , Li Liying , Li Bingqing , Wang Bangmao , Cao Hailong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and anxiety are often comorbid, and are interconnected through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The therapeutic medications for anxiety are often constrained by adverse effects that limit their long-term use. The pursuit of natural, safe drug for anxiety is important, with the precise mechanisms elucidating the interplay between drugs and the gut-brain axis in modulating mood remaining elusive.
Results
We revealed a significant association between active ulcerative colitis(UC) patients and anxiety. Mendelian randomisation analysis suggested that UC has a causal relationship on anxiety, but not on depression. Next we identified Ziziphus jujuba, a natural plant, as a dual therapeutic agent for both UC and anxiety through Batman database. Magnoflorine, as the predominant compound found in Ziziphus jujuba, exhibits promising therapeutic properties for the treatment of UC and anxiety disorders. Our experiments found that magnoflorine not only alleviated colitis, but also reduced colitis-induced anxiety behaviors through gut microbiota. Mechanistically, magnoflorine could increase the abundance of Odoribacteraceae and Ruminococcus, regulate bile acid metabolism, especially hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) in colitis mice. HDCA supplement could alleviate both colitis and colitis-induced anxiety. Meanwhile HDCA could inhibit the binding site of lipopolysaccharide to the TLR4/MD2 complex, thereby inhibiting microglia activation and alleviating neuroinflammation.
Conclusion
Our study unveils that magnoflorine alleviates colitis-induced anxiety-like behaviors through regulating gut microbiota and microglia mediated neuroinflammation, which has the potential therapeutic for IBD comorbid with anxiety disorders.
Research on the prediction of the height of water-conducting fissure zones in a Jurassic coalfield based on AdaBoost-WOA-BPNN
Authors: Hou Enke , Bi Meng , Long Tianwen , Xie Xiaoshen , Hou Pengfei , Li Qianlong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Understanding the laws behind the development of water-conducting fissure zones in the Huanglong Jurassic coalfield and accurately predicting the height of these water-conducting fissures are crucial to prevent and control the water damage in the overlying thick sandstone aquifer of the Luohe Formation. To develop a prediction model applicable to mining in the Huanglong Jurassic coalfield, data from measurements of 27 water-conducting fissure zones in the coalfield were used as samples, and coal seam burial depth, coal seam mining thickness and the oblique length of the working face were used as training indicators. The whale optimisation algorithm (WOA), back-propagation neural network (BPNN) and AdaBoost algorithm were combined to develop the AdaBoost–WOA–BPNN model for predicting the height of water-conducting fissure zones. The accuracies of the BPNN, WOA–BPNN and AdaBoost–WOA–BPNN models were compared, and the height of the water-conducting fissure zone in the 4105 working face of Wenjiapo coal mine was predicted. The AdaBoost–WOA–BPNN model outperformed the other models in terms of error, prediction accuracy and applicability. Compared with the traditional BPNN model, the WOA–BPNN model improved accuracy by 2.4%, while the AdaBoost–WOA–BPNN model improved accuracy by 3.64%. The measured heights of the water-conducting fissure zone in the 4105 working face were 168.2 m (SD1 hole) and 222.3 m (SD2 hole). The corresponding predicted heights by the AdaBoost–WOA–BPNN model were 162.75 m and 213.48 m, respectively. The absolute errors between the predicted and measured values from holes SD1 and SD2 were respectively 5.45 m and 8.82 m, with relative errors of 3.17% and 4.05%. The prediction accuracy meets the requirements of engineering practice. The results of this study provide a valuable reference for predicting the height of the water-conducting fissure zone and for the prevention and control of roof water hazards in the Huanglong Jurassic coalfield.
Is the intermediate assessment of shod walking necessary on patients with orthopaedic or neuro-orthopaedic pathologies?
Authors: Khavvam Lisa , Alt Wilfried , D’Souza Sonia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Ankle-foot-orthoses are a medically prescribed intervention that can make significant improvement to persons with pathological gait. Clinical gait analysis usually observes barefoot walking and if applicable, with orthoses. The effect of shoes as an intermediary between barefoot walking and walking with ankle-foot-orthoses is therefore generally overlooked. Also, little is known about the biomechanical effect of shoes on pathological gait. This study aims at bridging this gap in current literature and quantifying the isolated influences of footwear to improve the decision-making process of orthopaedic intervention.
Barefoot, shod and if applicable, orthotic gait of up to 292 patients aged 2-63 years with orthopaedic or neuro-orthopaedic conditions were retrospectively analysed. Initial Contact was analysed by means of sagittal-plane videos. Temporospatial parameters as well as sagittal plane kinematics of the ankle and knee at specific instances in the stance phase were investigated using marker-based instrumented 3D-analysis.
The overall improvement in the quality of Initial Contact was attributed more to shoes than ankle-foot-orthoses. Step length and speed were significantly increased by shoes but not by the addition of orthoses (p<0.01). Cadence remained unchanged by shoes but decreased significantly due to orthoses. Ankle kinematics improved with both shoes and orthoses. Only minimal effects on knee kinematics were observed in both interventions.
Shoes being an important walking aid in pathological gait should be included in clinical gait assessment, especially when testing orthotics. Had their effect not been investigated, would improvements in pathological gait have been incorrectly credited solely to ankle-foot-orthoses.
Neural network analysis as a novel skin outcome in a trial of belumosudil in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Gunes Ilayda , Bernstein Elana , Cowper Shawn E. , Panse Gauri , Pradhan Niki , Camacho Lucy Duran , Page Nicolas , Bundschuh Elizabeth , Williams Alyssa , Carns Mary , Aren Kathleen , Fantus Sarah , Volkmann Elizabeth R. , Bukiri Heather , Correia Chase , Wang Rui , Kolachalama Vijaya , Wilson F. Perry , Mawe Seamus , Mahoney J. Matthew , Hinchcliff Monique 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS), used to measure dermal thickness in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), is agnostic to inflammation and vasculopathy. Previously, we demonstrated the potential of neural network-based digital pathology applied to stained skin biopsies from SSc patients as a quantitative outcome. We leveraged deep learning and histologic analyses of clinical trial biopsies to decipher SSc skin features ‘seen’ by artificial intelligence (AI).
Methods
Adults with diffuse cutaneous SSc (disease duration ≤ 6 years) enrolled in an open-label trial evaluating belumosudil underwent serial mRSS assessment and dorsal arm biopsies at week 0, 24 and 52/end of trial. Two blinded dermatopathologists independently scored stained sections [Masson’s trichrome, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), CD3, CD34, CD8, α smooth muscle actin (αSMA)] for 16 published SSc dermal pathological parameters. We applied our previously published deep learning model to generate QIF signatures/biopsy and generated Fibrosis Scores. Associations between Fibrosis Score and mRSS (Spearman correlation); and between Fibrosis Score mRSS versus histologic parameters [odds ratios (OR)] were determined.
Results
Only ten patients were enrolled because the sponsor terminated the trial early. Median, interquartile range (IQR) for mRSS change (0–52 weeks) for the five participants with paired biopsies was − 2.5 (-11—7.5), and for the ten participants was − 2 (-9—7.5). The correlation between Fibrosis Score and mRSS was R = 0.3; p = 0.674. Per 1-unit mRSS change (0-52W), histologic parameters with the greatest associated changes were (OR, p-value): telangiectasia (2.01, 0.001), perivascular CD3+ (1.03, 0.015), and % of CD8 + among CD3+ (1.08, 0.031). Likewise, per 1-unit Fibrosis Score change, parameters with greatest changes were (OR, p-value): hyalinized collagen (1.1, < 0.001), subcutaneous (SC) fat loss (1.47, < 0.001), thickened intima (1.21, 0.005), and eccrine entrapment (1.14, 0.046).
Conclusions
Belumosudil was associated with a non-clinically meaningful improvement in mRSS. Fibrosis Score changes correlated with histologic feature changes (e.g., hyalinized collagen, SC fat loss) that were distinct from those associated with mRSS changes (e.g., telangiectasia, perivascular CD3+, and % of CD8 + among CD3+). These data suggest that AI applied to SSc biopsies may be useful for quantifying pathologic features of SSc beyond skin thickness.
The association between the provision of recommendations for stillbirth prevention and the stillbirth reduction: A regional population-based study in Japan
Authors: Koshida Shigeki , Tokoro Shinsuke , Katsura Daisuke , Tsuji Shunichiro , Matsubayashi Jun , Murakami Takashi , Takahashi Kentaro 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Shiga Prefecture in Japan still had higher stillbirth rates than the national average before 2010. To improve stillbirth rates in Shiga, we have informed both obstetricians and pregnant women in our region of recommendations for stillbirth prevention after peer-reviewing all stillbirth cases in Shiga since 2013. We therefore evaluated the reduction in the stillbirth rate and preventable stillbirths in Shiga after the intervention. We assessed outcomes over 15 years divided into three 5-year periods: before- (2008-12), early- (2013-17), and late-intervention (2018-22) period. The primary outcome was the rate of stillbirth in Shiga, and the secondary outcome was the rate of preventable stillbirth in each period. The stillbirth rate in Shiga significantly decreased by 40% in the late-intervention period compared to that in the before-intervention period (95% CI: -52%, -24%), and it also significantly decreased compared to the national average between those periods (rate ratio: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.61, 0.96). It improved to the second lowest level in Japan during the late-intervention period. The rate of possibly preventable stillbirths in the late-intervention was significantly lower than that in the before-intervention period. Informing healthcare providers and pregnant women of the recommendations for stillbirth prevention was associated with a reduction in stillbirths.
MFC-NAS: Multifunctional Cells Based Neural Architecture Search for Plant Images Classification
Authors: Huang Lin , Qin Xi , Yang Tiejun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

To develop a high-performance convolutional neural network (CNN) model for plant image classification automatically, we propose a neural architecture search (NAS) method tailored to multifunctional cells (MFC), termed MFC-NAS. Initially, a search space based on MFC is designed, encompassing transfer cell, normal cell, pooling cell, and dropout cell, with transfer cell dedicated to exploring weight-sharing layers. Subsequently, an MFC-oriented search strategy is adopted: different shallow blocks from pre-trained models such as MobileNet V3 are searched to construct transfer cell. Similar strategies are applied to pooling cell, dropout cell, and normal cell, exploring diverse pooling types and sizes for pooling cell and various dropout rates for dropout cell. Finally, the best-found cells are stacked to form a plant image classification CNN based on MFC. Experiments conducted on two publicly available plant image datasets demonstrate that MFC-NAS achieves the optimal cells after approximately 69 GPU-hours of search. Compared to state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods like ResNet-50 and EfficientNet, this approach attains higher accuracy (~ 99.10%) with an average single-sample inference time of around 12.6 ms. Moreover, the number of network parameters used in the proposed method is only 6.9% of ResNet-50's (approximately 1.58M).
Identification of the Pathological Types of Brain Metastasis from Lung Cancer Based on Multiparametric MRI Radiomics: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Sui Lian-Yu , Yin Xiao-Ping , Wang Jia-Ning , Quan Shuai , Xing Li-Hong , Zhang Yu , Ren Jia-Liang , Meng Huan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To differentiate brain metastases (BMs) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and BMs due to the adenocarcinoma (AD) and non-adenocarcinoma (NAD) subtypes using radiomic features derived from multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Methods
276 patients with BMs, including 98 with SCLC and 178 with NSCLC, were randomly divided into training (193 cases) and validation (83 cases) sets in a ratio of 7:3. Of the 178 patients with NSCLC, 155 were from primary AD and 23 from NAD. These were also randomly divided into training (124 cases) and validation (54 cases) sets. A logistic regression analysis was used to construct classification models based on radiomics features that were extracted from T1 weighted contrast-enhanced (T1CE), fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) images. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency.
Results
Multiparametric combined-sequence MRI radiomics features based on TICE, FLAIR, and DWI images were highly specific in distinguishing brain metastases originating from different types of lung cancers. In the training and validation sets, the area under the curves (AUCs) of the model for the classification of SCLC and NSCLC brain metastasis were 0.765 (95% CI 0.711, 0.822) and 0.762 (95% CI 0.671, 0.845), respectively; the AUC values of the prediction models combining the three sequences in differentiating AD from NAD BMs were 0.861 (95% CI 0.756, 0.951) and 0.851 (95% CI 0.649, 0.984), respectively.
Conclusion
The radiomics classification method based on the combination of multiple MRI sequences may be used for differentiating between the various lung cancer BMs.
Impact of FAI on Metabolism and Adrenal Hyperandrogenism in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Renyuan , Zhu Yirui , Xie Yijuan , Zheng Siyuan , Zhang Ying 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Although PCOS is a heterogeneous endocrinopathy in reproductive-aged women characterized by reproductive, endocrine, metabolic and psychological abnormalities, hyperandrogenism seems to be the most consistent feature. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess three hyperandrogenism parameters, FAI, TT and DHEAS, and their relationships with diverse metabolic indices, metabolic derangements and adrenal hyperandrogenism in women diagnosed with PCOS.
Methods
In this single-center cross-sectional study, 217 women aged 18–45 years with PCOS were enrolled. Baseline phenotypic, endocrine, and metabolic parameters, as well as multiple endocrine hormone levels, including insulin levels, thyroid function, sex hormones, ACTH, and cortisone levels, were collected. Dynamic function tests, such as OGTT, 1-mg dexamethasone suppression test, and ACTH stimulation test, were performed. Liver and vaginal ultrasound scans were also conducted to fully assess the metabolic and endocrine status of the participants.
Results
FAI was positively associated with BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, SBP, DBP, FPG, PPG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, AUCGLU, AUCINS, TG, TC, LDL-C and UA (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that FAI was an independent risk factor for multiple metabolic disorders, including overweight/obesity, fatty liver, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, metabolic syndrome, and hyperuricemia. Moreover, the FAI was positively correlated with both TT and DHEAS (p < 0.05). In addition, the FAI was negatively related to basal, stimulated and suppressed cortisol and positively associated with ACTH, DHEAS and stimulated 17OHP in PCOS patients (p < 0.05). According to age range-based cutoff values of circulating DHEAS, 85 of 217 PCOS women with adrenal hyperandrogenism and higher levels of FAI likely experienced more severe adrenal hyperandrogenism. A ROC analysis was performed with the best cutoff point (FAI = 5.29, AUC = 0.724, 95% CI: 0.654–0.793, p = 0.000, sensitivity = 71.8%, specificity = 64.2%).
Conclusions
The FAI is superior to TT and DHEAS in reflecting comprehensive features in terms of their correlation with phenotypic and metabolic parameters in patients with PCOS. Moreover, the FAI is also a promising biomarker for predicting adrenal hyperandrogenism, with the best cutoff point (value = 5.29).
Trial Registration
Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (registration number ChiCTR2000040904, date of registration 20201215).