bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination and comparison of time under tension required to perform 8, 10 and 12-RM loads in the bench press exercise
Authors: da Silva Jurandir Baptista , Lima Vicente Pinheiro , Paz Gabriel Andrade , de Oliveira Caroline Reis , D’urso Francisco , Moreira Nunes Rodolfo de Alkmim , de Castro Juliana Brandão Pinto , de Souza Vale Rodrigo Gomes 
Published: December 2016

Summary
Study aim: To determine and compare the time under tension (TUT) required to perform 8, 10 and 12 repetition maximum (RM) loads in the bench press exercise.

Material and methods: Twenty men (24.17 ± 4.69 years) were selected intentionally and properly. We included in the study physically active individuals, with a weekly frequency of physical activity of at least two days for six months, and excluded individuals with injury or pain that could interfere with the correct execution of the exercise and individuals with positive PAR-Q. The 10-RM test consisted in performing ten consecutive repetitions with maximum overload and the highest speed in bench press exercise on the Smith machine. After 48 h, 10-RM sets were performed with the load obtained in the 10-RM load testing. The TUT in 10-RM was verified through kinematics using the timing technique of the Kinovea software.

Results: The RM loads and TUT obtained during the retest session showed normal distribution between subjects. However, no significant differences were found between the loads 8, 10 and 12-RM within and between subjects (p < 0.05). The verified TUT showed a difference from 8 to 10-RM and from 8 to 12-RM, but no significant difference was found between TUT protocols for 10 and 12-RM (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The study results enable evaluation of TUT in bench press exercise on the Smith machine for the study sample, allowing, for this group, the prediction and control of training intensity through the TUT.
Lévy copulae for financial returns
Authors: Okhrin Ostap 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The paper uses Lévy processes and bivariate Lévy copulae in order to model the behavior of intraday
log-returns. Based on assumptions about the form of marginal tail integrals and a Clayton Lévy copula,
the model allows for capturing intraday cross-dependency. The model is applied to VaR of the portfolios
constructed on stock returns as well as on cryptocurrencies. The proposed method shows fair performance
compared to classical time series models.
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wang Bei 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
With in-depth understanding of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), the correlation between OSAS and various cardiovascular diseases receives increasing attention. Together with Chinese Society of Cardiology, Sleep Breath Disorder Group of Chinese Society of Respiratory Diseases issued an “expert consensus on sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease” in light of the relevant foreign documents in 2009, which became the new starting point to further promote and closely connected the two interdisciplinary researches. This paper gives a brief introduction of how to early recognize and diagnose OSAS complicated with concurrent dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), emphasizes the clinical significance of diagnosis in such patients, and analyzes the clinical value of continuous positive airway pressure treatment in restoring the cardiac function and structure in DCM patients.
Senile parathyroid dysfunction: Characteristics of its diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Yan Shuang-Tong , Tian Hui 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Senile parathyroid dysfunction is mainly seen in primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT or sHPT). pHPT in the elderly usually occurs in women, with fatigue and osteoporosis as the common symptoms. Screening of blood calcium and further evaluation of parathyroid hormone (PTH) for subjects with serum calcium >2.6 mmol/L can be helpful for early identification of patients. For pHPT patients with no contraindications to surgery and whose lesions can be well-localized, surgical treatment can be more beneficial. sHPT is mainly found in patients with end-stage chronic renal dysfunction necessitating hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. For these patients, monitoring of PTH level, early supplement of calcium preparations and use of large-dose calcitriol will facilitate maintaining levels of blood calcium and PTH.
Marked elevation of CA19-9 in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis-associated pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Zhang Wei-Wei , Wang Qing , Xie Xiang-Jun , Si Jun-Li 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
We report a case of a 78-year-old male was admitted for 2 years of blood CA19-9 >1000 kU/L found at physical examination. Abdominal computed tomography, barium meal and gastrointestinal endoscopy did not find any malignancy. Position emission tomography indicated interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (severe) accompanied with reactive hyperplasia of mediastinal lymph node and bilateral pleural thickening. The patient also claimed to have rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for more than 40 years. Then final diagnosis was RA with IPF. The patient’s blood CA19-9 was improved after 5-day treatment of hormone inhalation.
Anticoagulation treatments related
different types of vascular access on
maintenance hemodialysis patient:
A multicenter epidemiological
investigation
Authors: Huang Qi , Sun Xue-Feng , Lin Hong-Li , Zhang Zhi-Min , Hao Li-Rong , Yao Li , Li Ji-Jun , Zhao De-Long , Wang Yong , Zhu Han-Yu , Chen Xiang-Mei 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Objective: The objective was to increase the understanding of vascular access in hemodialysis
and evaluate hemodialysis-related anticoagulation treatments and the associated hemorrhagic
or thrombotic complications. Materials and Methods: In this study, an epidemiological
investigation was conducted in 1175 patients who underwent hemodialysis in seven blood
purification centers in northern Chinese. The patients were divided into two groups based on
the vascular access they used: Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) group and central venous catheter
(CVC) group. The similarities and differences of anticoagulation and hemorrhagic, thrombotic
complications were compared between two groups. Results: Arteriovenous fistula was the
most frequently used vascular access, and heparin was the most commonly used anticoagulant.
Patients in CVC group experienced significantly greater rates of low molecular weight heparin
(LMWH) administration and had a higher rate in achieving thrombotic complications than
those in AVF group. There were no significant differences in LMWH dosages in patients with
thrombotic complications, as well as the proportion of patients who received anti-platelet drugs.
Heparinized catheter lock solutions were excessively high in this study, which may lead to a
risk of hemorrhage. Conclusion: Hemodialysis-related anticoagulation treatments in China
require additional improvements, especially for the patients using CVC as vascular access.
There is an urgent need to develop clinical evaluation studies of anticoagulation treatments
for achieving more standardized and targeted treatments.
Clinical presentation of
extrahepatic portal vein obstruction:
10-year experience at a tertiary care
hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Hanif Farina M. , Soomro Ghous Bux , Akhund Sara Nazir , Luck Nasir Hassan , Laeeq Syed Mudassir , Abbas Zaigham , Hassan Syed Mujahid , Mubarak Muhammed 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the clinical presentation, possible etiological factors, management and
outcome of patients in our hospital with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO). Materials
and Methods: This study included patients with EHPVO followed up in our department during
last 10 years. Patients of cirrhosis with EHPVO were excluded. Patients’ clinical presentation,
etiology of EHPVO, management and outcome results were analyzed. Results: Of 30 patients,
19 (67.9%) were males. Median age was 12 years. Of 14 patients who underwent liver biopsy
9 had histological activity index stage of 1/6. History of omphalitis and pulmonary tuberculosis
was present in one case each. Of 22 patients with the available thrombophilia profile, nine
patients had a deficiency of protein C, five patients had a deficiency of protein S, one each
had reduced level S of anti-thrombin III and factor V mutation. The predominant presenting
symptom was hematemesis (15 patients, 53.6%). Seven patients (25%) had splenomegaly.
Three patients (10.7%) had no esophageal varices on endoscopy. Three patients underwent
splenectomy due to severe pancytopenia. Endoscopic retrograde cholangipancreatography
was performed in four patients (14.3%) due to portal biliopathy. Common bile duct stenting was
performed in all four patients. Of them, one patient underwent splenorenal shunt operation for
indication of hemobilia. One patient died at the age of 40 years, due to cholangitis and sepsis.
Conclusions: Results from this study show that the anticoagulant deficiency is a common
cause of EHPVO in our setup. Hematemesis is a common presenting symptom. Some of these
patients have symptomatic portal biliopathy.
Rapunzel syndrome
Authors: Altonbary Ahmed Youssef , Bahgat Monir Hussein 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Bezoars are concretions of human or vegetable fibers that accumulate in the gastrointestinal
tract. Trichobezoars are common in patients with underlying psychiatric disorders who chew
and swallow their own hair. Rapunzel syndrome is a rare form of gastric trichobezoar with a
long tail extending into the small bowel. This syndrome was first described in 1968 by Vaughan
et al. and since then till date just 64 cases have been described in the literature. We present
the only documented case with Rapunzel syndrome in Egypt.
A historical perspective: Are inhaled corticoids sufficient to control asthma?
Authors: Louis Renaud , Demarche Sophie , Schleich Florence 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Inhaled corticoids (ICS) made a dramatic breakthrough in the management of asthma in the late eighties resulting in a sharp reduction in morbidity and mortality in the following decades. Soon after, the association between ICS and long acting β2 agonists (LABA) soon became the gold standard of maintenance asthma treatment. With the advent of sputum induction it has become clear that asthma could not be considered as a unique entity but rather a display of several inflammatory phenotypes. Eosinophilic phenotype shows good response to ICS while non-eosinophilic, and in particular the neutrophilic phenotype, seems to be more resistant. Severe asthmatics show insufficient asthma control despite ICS/LABA. Those who are allergic and eosinophilic may benefit from add-on treatment with anti-IgE or anti-IL-5. Severe neutrophilic asthma could benefit from maintenance treatment with macrolides while thermoplasty offers some promise to those in whom airway smooth muscle hypertrophy contributes to disease instability
Prevalence and impact of diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases: A hospital-based cross-section study
Authors: Mahishale Vinay , Angadi Naveen , Metgudmath Vijayanand , Eti Ajith , Lolly Mitchelle , Khan Sujeer 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with important chronic comorbid diseases, including diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. As very limited data is available in India, the aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between COPD and the common, chronic comorbid conditions of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and also to determine how these affect the clinical course of COPD.

Methods: All the COPD cohorts diagnosed as per Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease-2013 (GOLD-2013) criteria were screened for DM, HTN, and CVD as per stipulated national and WHO guidelines.

Results: The prevalence of DM, HTN, and CVD in the 2432 COPD subjects was 25.94%, 37.25%, and 13.93%, respectively. In multivariate analyses, very severe COPD was associated with a higher risk of DM (odds ratio [OR] 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2–2), HTN (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and CVD (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.9–3.0).

Conclusion: A significant relationship was found between COPD and the presence of comorbid DM, HTN, and CVD. It was also found that subjects with advanced COPD were more likely to have at least two of these conditions and hugely affect the outcome of the disease. These findings suggest that the presence of COPD could provide a rationale to look for other comorbid disease and, conversely, that the presence of DM, HTN, or CVD might be the basis for the assessment of patients for airflow limitation and COPD as the tobacco smoking and advancing age were common risk factors.
Medicolegal implications of radial and femoral access for coronary angiography and intervention in 2016: Focus on retroperitoneal hemorrhage
Authors: Voudris Konstantinos V. , Vidovich Mladen I. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Retroperitoneal hemorrhage is a rare but serious complication of transfemoral approach (TFA) and TFA percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Radial approach for coronary angiography and intervention (transradial approach, TRA) is associated with lower access site complications and reduced blood transfusion rates. Retroperitoneal bleeding has not been described with TRA. This study sought to evaluate the relationship between femoral access for coronary angiography (TFA) and PCI-induced retroperitoneal hemorrhage and the resulting medical litigation in the United States.

Methods
From 342 lawsuit claim records identified in LexisNexis database search, 17 cases of TFA and TFAPCI-related retroperitoneal hemorrhage decided between 1995 and 2015 were included in the study. Claims were thoroughly reviewed and information about the date the case was decided, patient outcome, the plaintiff, the defendant, the claim, and the trial outcome were extracted.

Results
The most common filled claim was medical malpractice (53% of the cases), followed by wrongful death (18%) and review of the Commissioner's decision to deny the application for supplemental security income (12%). Forty-seven percent of the cases were won by the defense, 29% by the plaintiff, and 24% were remanded for a new trial. In 82% of the cases, physicians were sued, but only 14% of the cases were won by the plaintiff. In 59% of the claims, the patient died; however, 70% of those cases were decided in favor of the defending physician and hospital.

Conclusion
Retroperitoneal hemorrhage is an uncommon complication of TFA and TFA PCI and is associated with high mortality rates. Physicians should able to identify this complication early and address it in a timely manner based on the applicable standard of care. TRA and TRA PCI is a reliable alternative and may potentially reduce medicolegal liability related to access site choice.
Zika virus: A pandemic in progress
Authors: Yadav Sankalp , Rawal Gautam , Baxi Mudit 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The world is facing a number of emerging infections. The latest outbreak of Zika virus infection has only added to the suffering. The WHO declared a state of emergency in the affected countries and has issued alarms worldwide. The paucity of literature leading to lack of clear guidelines is one of the most important factors resulting in a higher number of cases. The absence of clinical vaccine and an antiviral drug may prove to be a really grave situation. The present paper throws some light on this new emerging virus that has been known to man since 1947.
Corticosteroids, the oldest agent in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: What about the guidelines?
Authors: Van Ryckeghem Florence 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remains one of the most disturbing side effects of cancer treatment. Research in antiemetic therapy has progressed gradually since the early eighties, and the development of antiemetic agents continues. This review focuses on the current management of CINV based on the most recent guidelines, and adherence to the latter is examined more carefully. Setrons (5HT3 receptor antagonists), corticosteroids, and NK-1 receptor antagonists are the cornerstones of antiemetic therapy. Corticosteroids are one of the oldest agents in the prevention of CINV. They are highly effective, increase the effect of other antiemetic agents, and are cost-effective. The latest developed 5HT3 receptor antagonist palonosetron led to an update of the guidelines of CINV. Other types include benzodiazepines, cannabinoids, and olanzapine. Various factors contribute to the overall risk of developing CINV, such as patient characteristics, emetogenic potency of the chemotherapeutic agents, and correct prevention of CINV. Current guidelines determine which is the right preventive regimen for each cancer patient at risk for experiencing CINV. Adherence to these guidelines and implementation in daily practice seem to be below the optimal level. In Belgium, authorities use the guidelines as a base for reimbursement and this has increased the level of implementation.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome: An update and review
Authors: Rawal Gautam , Yadav Sankalp , Kumar Raj 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life threatening condition characterized by severe hypoxemia due to pulmonary gas exchange failure and was first recognized in 1960s.Since its first description, it has undergone intensive research in the past few decades to understand its pathogenesis and therapies. Despite this, the recommended therapies to decrease mortality in ARDS remain limited and include low-tidal volume mechanical ventilation, prone ventilation and recently, the ECMO rescue therapy in extreme cases. This review article will summarize the key features of ARDS with a brief overview of the therapeutic options in the management of ARDS.
Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system in insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Das Undurti N. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Obesity and its consequent complications such as hypertension and metabolic syndrome are increasing in incidence in almost all countries. Insulin resistance is common in obesity. Renin– angiotensin system (RAS) is an important target in the treatment of hypertension and drugs that act on RAS improve insulin resistance and decrease the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, explaining the close association between hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. RAS influences food intake by modulating the hypothalamic expression of neuropeptide Y and orexins via AMPK dephosphorylation. Estrogen reduces appetite by its action on the brain in a way similar to leptin, an anorexigenic action that seems to be mediated via hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the arcuate nucleus and synaptic plasticity in the arcuate nucleus similar to leptin. Estrogen stimulates lipoxin A4, a potent vasodilator and platelet anti-aggregator. Since both RAS and estrogen act on the hypothalamic neuropeptides and regulate food intake and obesity, it is likely that RAS modulates LXA4 synthesis. Thus, it is proposed that Angiotensin-II receptor blockers and angiotensin-converting enzymes and angiotensin-II antagonists may have the ability to augment LXA4 synthesis and thus bring about their beneficial actions.
Decreased regional left ventricular myocardial strain in type 1 diabetic children: a first sign of diabetic cardiomyopathy?
Authors: Hodzic Amir , Ribault Virginie , Maragnes Pascale , Milliez Paul , Saloux Eric , Labombarda Fabien 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Type 1 diabetes is a major cardiovascular risk factor associated with an excess of mortality in young adults due to premature cardiovascular events, which includes heart failure. The relation between type 1 diabetes and cardiac structure and function in children was poorly documented. Our study investigates (1) whether type 1 diabetic children have echocardiographic signs of subclinical cardiac dysfunction assessed by tissue Doppler strain and (2) whether state of metabolic control and diabetes duration have any influence on the cardiac event.

Methods
Standard echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging were prospectively performed in type 1 diabetic children. Left ventricular dimensions, standard indices of systolic and diastolic function, and septal longitudinal strain were investigated.

Results
Thirty consecutive asymptomatic diabetic children (age: 12.4 [5–17] years; males: 53%) were compared to 30 age and sex-matched healthy control subjects. Left ventricular mass index and diastolic septal thickness were significantly increased in diabetic children. There was no difference between two groups as regards the left ventricular ejection fraction and conventional mitral Doppler parameters (E, A, Ea). The global longitudinal systolic strain and strain rate were found to be decreased in children with diabetes. The global longitudinal early diastolic strain rate (Esr) was negatively correlated with metabolic control. Longitudinal strain was not correlated with diabetes duration.

Conclusion
Children with Type 1 diabetes had subclinical alterations in left ventricular size and longitudinal myocardial deformation.
Lipodystrophy HIV-related and FGF21: A new marker to follow the progression of lipodystrophy?
Authors: Benedini Stefano , Luzi Livio 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Recently new evidence about fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) highlights the opportunities to use this molecule in new pharmaceutical formulations to combat type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. It is well known that HIV is per se a condition of insulin resistance and in particular the patient with HIV-related lipodystrophy has a condition strictly related to metabolic syndrome. Lipodystrophy is associated with severe metabolic side effects, including dyslipidemia, hepatic insulin resistance, and lipid oxidation impairment. Research carried out showed that FGF21 levels were significantly increased in untreated HIV-1-infected patients and the increase was much marked in HIV-1-infected antiretroviral-treated patients that have developed lipodystrophy and in the patients with greatest metabolic alterations. FGF21 is expressed mainly by the liver, but also by other tissues such as the thymus, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle. Therefore, many researchers have considered the investigation of possible variations of FGF21 in patients with significant alterations in body composition both in regard to fat mass and lean mass. In the light of the possible interactions between FGF21 and metabolic syndrome, it seems interesting to evaluate the implication of this hormone in patients with HIV-related lipodystrophy who have a severe metabolic picture of insulin resistance with important alterations in body composition.
Management of hospitalized type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Marín-Peñalver Juan José , Martín-Timón Iciar , del Cañizo-Gómez Francisco Javier 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in hospitalized patients are associated with adverse outcomes including increased rates of infection, longer hospital length of stay, and even death. Clinical trials in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus proved that by improving glycemic control, we can reduce all of them. Insulin is the preferred treatment for glycemic control in most cases, but alternative treatment options that can normalize blood glucose levels without hypoglycemia are being sought. Moreover, hospitalized patients are particularly vulnerable to severe, prolonged hypoglycemia since they may be unable to sense or respond to the early warning signs and symptoms of low blood glucose. Finally, nutritional support, corticosteroid therapy, and surgery increase the risk of hyperglycemia that leads to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. We review the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who are admitted to the general medical wards of the hospital for a procedure of intercurrent illness.