bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lung transplantation in cystic fibrosis patients in Israel: The importance of ethnicity and nutritional status
Authors: Levine Hagit , Prais Dario , Raviv Yael , Rusanov Victorya , Rosengarten Dror , Saute Milton , Hoshen Moshe , Mussaffi Huda , Blau Hannah , Kramer Mordechai R. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the characteristics that correlate with better outcomes after lung transplantation for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients with CF who underwent lung transplantation between 1996 and 2014 at Rabin Medical Center, Israel.ResultsFifty patients with CF underwent 55 lung transplantations. Eighteen patients (36%) died during the study period. Actuarial survival was 83%, 68%, 62%, and 39% at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years, respectively. Better survival correlated with: BMI at 6 months and 1 year after transplantation (P = .002 and P = .003, respectively), ischemic time of less than 300 minutes (P = .023), absence of liver disease (P = .012), and Jewish compared to Arab ethnicity (P = .007). Freedom from bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) was 87%, 75%, and 72% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. BOS was more common and appeared earlier in the Arab than in the Jewish population (P = .012, P = .007). Additionally, prolonged time free of BOS correlated with male gender (P = .039), older age (P < .001), absence of liver disease (P = .012), and higher BMI 1 year after transplantation (P < .001).ConclusionsClinically important determinants for survival include BMI pre‐ and 1‐year post‐transplantation and improved freedom from BOS. Arab ethnicity correlated with higher incidence and earlier onset of BOS compared to Jewish ethnicity in Israel.
Phylogenetic relatedness of native and exotic plants along climate gradients in California, USA
Authors: Qian Hong , Sandel Brody 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAimOne hypothesis of Darwin's naturalization conundrum, the pre‐adaptation hypothesis, proposed that exotics that are more closely related to species in native communities might be more successful invaders because close relatives share similar traits and might be favoured in similar environments. We test this prediction using regional angiosperm assemblages that have been heavily invaded by exotic species and relating patterns of phylogenetic relatedness to potential environmental drivers—temperature and precipitation.LocationCalifornia, USA.MethodsUsing a massive, dated phylogeny of angiosperm plants, we assessed differences in phylogenetic structure between native, naturalized exotic and full floras of 35 bioregions in California. We quantified phylogenetic relatedness using the net relatedness index (NRI) and the nearest taxon index (NTI) at varying phylogenetic extent. We measured changes in phylogenetic structure using a metric (phylogenetic relatedness anomaly), which is calculated as the phylogenetic relatedness of the full flora of a bioregion minus that of the native flora of the bioregion. We assessed correlations between phylogenetic structure measures and temperature or precipitation.ResultsIn general, introduction of exotic species decreased phylogenetic clustering when considering NRI but increased phylogenetic clustering when considering NTI. However, patterns of phylogenetic relatedness for some families were opposite to those for other families (e.g., NRI anomalies for Amaranthaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Fabaceae and Poaceae were opposite to those for Brassicaceae, Asteraceae and all angiosperms combined). Native communities were more phylogenetically clustered in dry regions, while exotic phylogenetic structure was less clearly related to climate.Main conclusionsExotic species tend to come from clades that are poorly represented but not completely absent from the native flora. Within families, NTI patterns tended to be fairly similar between native and exotic species, suggesting shared responses to the environment, particularly temperature and precipitation, in these two groups.
Waldenström′s macroglobulinemia: Two malignant clones in a monoclonal disease? Molecular background and clinical reflection
Authors: Growková Kateřina , Kryukova Elena , Kufová Zuzana , Filipová Jana , Ševčíková Tereza , Říhová Lucie , Kaščák Michal , Kryukov Fedor , Hájek Roman 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWaldenström′s macroglobulinemia (WM) is a complex disease characterized by apparent morphological heterogeneity within the malignant clonal cells representing a continuum of small lymphocytes, plasmacytoid lymphocytes, and plasma cells. At the molecular level, the neoplastic B cell–derived clone has undergone somatic hypermutation, but not isotype switching, and retains the capability of plasmacytic differentiation. Although by classical definition, WM is formed by monoclonal expansion, long‐lived clonal B lymphocytes are of heterogeneous origin. Even more, according to current opinion, plasma cells also conform certain population with pathogenic and clinical significance. In this article, we review the recent advances in the WM clonal architecture, briefly describe B‐cell development during which the molecular changes lead to the malignant transformation and mainly focus on differences between two principal B‐lineage clones, including analysis of their genome and transcriptome profiles, as well as immunophenotype features. We assume that the correct identification of a number of specific immunophenotypic molecular and expression alterations leading to proper aberrant clone detection can help to guide patient monitoring throughout treatment and successfully implement therapy strategies directed against both B‐ and plasma cell tumor WM clones.
JEAN PAULS KONZEPT DER EMPFINDBILDER UND DER KOMET
Authors: Schmitz‐Emans Monika 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThis article examines the theoretical and literary works by Jean Paul in which he develops his conception of the ‘Empfindbild’ (emotive image), and it situates these works in the broad context of his reflections about body and mind, the conscious and the unconscious. ‘Empfindbilder’ are not after‐images determined by an archetype, and they differ from ‘Vorstellbilder’ (mental images), the latter being less lifelike and vivid. Dreams bear the closest relationship to ‘Empfindbilder’. These ideas are especially interesting to Jean Paul as a writer, because what ‘Empfindbilder’ can accomplish is exactly what poets want to achieve – yet ultimately cannot: ‘presenting’ events and persons in front of the inner eye. Various figures from the novel Der Komet – Raphael, Kain, Peter Worble, and the protagonist Nikolaus Marggraf himself – can be regarded as personifications of both the utopian and the problematic, indeed paradoxical aspects of the concept ‘Empfindbild’, as viewed from the perspective of the literary writer.
DANCING WITH MARIONETTES: KLEIST AND COGNITION
Authors: Cave Terence 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTKleist's oblique and sometimes enigmatic dialogue on the marionette theatre (1810) may helpfully be approached, it is argued here, within a cognitive perspective. Together with the essay ‘Von der Überlegung’, published a few days earlier, this dialogue explores the distinction between automatic and reflective response. It presents the dancing puppet as an extension of the puppeteer's mind, that is to say of the cognitive activities that govern its movements. Drawing on contemporary mathematics and notions such as Hogarth's ‘line of beauty’, it even imagines the possibility of constructing an automatic puppet that could dance gracefully without the immediate intervention of the puppeteer. Its anecdotal examples (the graceful adolescent who becomes fatally self‐conscious, the fencing bear) probe the critical borderline between the unreflective and the reflective. Such arguments and anecdotes may be understood in relation to notions drawn from modern cognitive neuroscience and psychology, such as motor resonance, kinesis, intentionality, and the perception of ‘life’. Kleist's intervention in the prehistory of these questions, however, remains essential: his imaginative way of approaching them induces the reader to see the problem, to encounter it as already embodied, rather than as the result of a set of scientific or indeed philosophical propositions.
Physical training improves visceral adipose tissue health by remodelling extracellular matrix in rats with estrogen absence: a gene expression analysis
Authors: Duarte Fernanda O. , Gomes‐Gatto Camila do Valle , Oishi Jorge C. , Lino Anderson Diogo de S. , Stotzer Uliana S. , Rodrigues Maria Fernanda C. , Gatti da Silva Guilherme H. , Selistre‐de‐Araújo Heloisa S. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryAdipose tissue development is associated with modifications involving extracellular matrix remodelling, and metalloproteinases play a significant role in this process. Reduced circulating sexual hormones cause impacts on the size, morphology and functions of the adipose tissue, increasing susceptibility to diseases. This study investigated whether exercise training may be an alternative strategy to combat the effects promoted by estrogen decay through modulation in gene expression patterns in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of visceral adipose tissue of ovariectomized rats. Nulliparous rats (n = 40) were randomly distributed into four groups (n = 10/group): sham sedentary (Sh‐S), sham resistance training (Sh‐Rt), ovariectomized sedentary (Ovx‐S) and ovariectomized resistance training (Ovx‐Rt). The Sh‐S animals did not have any type of training. The body mass and food intake,ECMgene expression, gelatinaseMMP‐2 activity and adipocyte area were measured. A lack of estrogen promoted an increase in body mass, food intake and the visceral, parametrial and subcutaneous adipocyte areas. The ovariectomy upregulated the expression ofMMP‐2,MMP‐9,TGF‐β,CTGF,VEGF‐A andMMP‐2 activity. On the other hand, resistance training decreased the body mass, food intake and the adipocyte area of the three fat depots analysed; upregulatedTIMP‐1,VEGF‐A andMMP‐2 gene expression; downregulatedMMP‐9,TGF‐β andCTGFgene expression; and decreased theMMP‐2 activity. We speculate that resistance training on a vertical ladder could play an important role in maintaining and remodellingECMby modulation in theECMgene expression andMMP‐2 activity, avoiding its destabilization which is impaired by the lack of estrogen.
Governing agricultural migrant workers as an “emergency”: converging approaches in Northern and Southern Italian rural towns
Authors: Semprebon Michela , Marzorati Roberta , Garrapa Anna Mary 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRosarno and Sermide are two small towns in Southern and Northern Italy, which are both part of a manual‐labour circuit of agricultural work. The article presents an analysis of governance structures in these towns and, by bringing together the literature on migrants' agricultural labour and local policy‐making, explores how public actors address migrant seasonal agricultural workers' needs to investigate outcomes of inclusion and exclusion. The article builds on qualitative research, conducted between 2012 and 2015, to propose a North‐South intra‐country comparison of local policy‐making. The findings show the emergency nature of local administrations' approaches and the critical role of civil society. They highlight the extent to which responses diverge or converge in means and scale, while stressing their convergence in scope to limit migrants' visibility.
Home Sweet Home? Public Financing and Inequalities in the Use of Home Care Services in Europe
Authors: Carrieri Vincenzo , Di Novi Cinzia , Orso Cristina Elisa 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIncome‐related inequalities in health care access have been found in several European countries, but little is known about the extent of needs‐adjusted inequalities (inequities) in the provision of long‐term care (LTC) services. This paper fills this gap: it addresses equity issues related to the provision of home care services across three macro areas in Europe that are highly heterogeneous in terms of the degree of public financing of LTC and the strength and social value of family ties. Using cross‐country comparative microdata from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), we estimate and decompose an Erreygers concentration index of the use of both paid domestic help (‘unskilled’ care) and personal nursing care (‘skilled’ care), measuring the contribution of income, need and non‐need factors to overall inequality. We base the decomposition on a bivariate probit model that takes into account the interaction between formal and informal home care use. We find higher inequities in the use of unskilled home care in areas where public financing of LTC is relatively low (‘Southern Europe’) than in areas where the public–private mix of financing is more balanced (‘Continental Europe’). At the same time, we do not detect inequity in ‘Northern Europe’, which is characterised by high public spending on universal, equitable services, including LTC public coverage. In all areas, we find informal care is a substitute for paid unskilled care among the poor, and this contributes to further skewing of the distribution of the use of formal care services towards the rich.
Estrogen receptor β selective agonist ameliorates liver cirrhosis in rats by inhibiting the activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Zhang Bin , Zhang Cheng‐Gang , Ji Lin‐Hua , Zhao Gang , Wu Zhi‐Yong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackground and AimThe aim of this study is to explore the roles of estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes and corresponding agonists/antagonists on the development of cirrhosis and activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).MethodsCarbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐induced cirrhotic ovariectomized rats were administered non‐selective ER agonist (β‐estradiol, E2), ER selective agonists (ERα agonist, propylpyrazoletriol; ERβ agonist, diarylpropionitrile [DPN]; and G‐protein‐coupled ER [GPER] agonist, G1), or E2 + ER selective antagonists (ERα antagonist, MPP; ERβ antagonist, PHTPP; and GPER antagonist, G15) for 12 weeks. The expression of the three ER subtypes in livers and HSCs and the effects of the drugs on hepatic fibrosis, isolated HSCs, and uteri were evaluated.ResultsSelective ER agonists/antagonists had various effects on CCl4‐induced cirrhosis. The cirrhotic rats in the CCl4 + E2, CCl4 + DPN, CCl4 + E2 + MPP, and CCl4 + E2 + G15 groups presented reduced fibrosis scores, compared with those in the CCl4 group. The cirrhotic rats in the E2 + PHTPP group presented increased fibrosis scores that similar to those in the CCl4 group. The ovariectomized rats had enlarged uteri with increased uterus indexes after E2 administration; however, the proliferative effects of E2 were partially blocked by MPP or G15, but not PHTPP. In the in vitro study, DPN attenuated the transformation of quiescent HSCs to activated phenotype, suppressed collagen I, and α‐smooth muscle actin expression. DPN also suppressed platelet‐derived growth factor‐induced proliferation in cultured HSCs, which was reversed by PHTPP.ConclusionsThe antifibrogenic effects of estrogen were mediated by ERβ but not ERα or GPER. The ERβ selective agonist exerted a fibrosuppressive effect by inhibiting the activation and proliferation of HSCs, but did not induce uterine hyperplasia.
Biochemical responses associated with resistance to bacterial stalk rot caused by Dickeya zeae in maize
Authors: Kumar Adesh , Hunjan Mandeep S. , Kaur Harleen , Dhillon Harminder K. , Singh Pushpinder P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBacterial stalk rot (BSR) of maize caused by Dickeya zeae is an important disease in northwest region of India. In the current study, eighty maize lines were evaluated for resistance against this disease. Of these, 20 were moderately resistant, 25 were moderately susceptible and the rest were highly susceptible to BSR. Six lines from each set were randomly selected. Activities of three antioxidant enzymes, viz. phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), peroxidase (POX) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) were analysed from these three sets of maize lines representing different levels of resistance. A trend of elevated activity of PAL, POX and PPO was observed in all the three sets of maize lines. The results showed significantly more activity of these three enzymes in moderately resistant than highly susceptible maize lines. The activity of PAL and PPO peaked after 48 hr and of POX after 72 hr of challenge inoculation by D. zeae in all the maize lines. The activity of these enzymes further correlated negatively with disease development. Our results show that PAL, POX and PPO play an important role in contributing towards resistance in maize against BSR.
Investigation of suitability of ventrogluteal site for intramuscular injections in children aged 36 months and under
Authors: Atay Selma , Yilmaz Kurt Fatma , Akkaya Gülnur , Karatağ Gülden , Ilhan Demir Şeyda , Çalidağ Ulviye 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPurposeThis study was performed to determine suitability of ventrogluteal (VG) site for intramuscular (IM) injections in children aged 36 months and under.Design and MethodsThe present study was designed as a prospective descriptive study and performed between 2016 January and June. The study included a total of 120 children aged 36 months and under that met the study criteria. The subcutaneous tissue thickness and muscle thickness of anterolateral, deltoid, and VG sites were measured and assessed by ultrasound.ResultA strong and powerful correlation was identified between the measurements of subcutaneous tissue and muscle thicknesses in the injection site by the age groups. The thickness of subcutaneous tissue was deltoid < anterolateral < VG by age groups. The muscle thickness of anterolateral and VG sites was significantly higher than that of deltoid site.Practice ImplicationsThis study established that skin thickness of VG site was suitable for IM injection in children aged 36 months and under.
Multiobjective Environmentally Sustainable Road Network Design Using Pareto Optimization
Authors: Wang Yi , Szeto W. Y. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this article, a bi‐level transportation network design problem with environmental considerations is investigated. To explicitly reflect various requirements of environmental sustainability from planners, total emissions costs and total excessive noise cost are minimized along with total system travel time while performing optimal capacity expansion. To leave space for additional information on decision making for planners and provide a more generalized description of solution optimality, the Pareto optimization approach is adopted. The study proposes a multiobjective variant of a new metaheuristic named Chemical Reaction Optimization as the optimization tool to solve the formulated network design problem. Pareto front approximations have been successfully acquired for each scenario tested using the Sioux Falls network. The results show that the relations between pairwise objectives can change significantly (e.g., from conflicting to aligned) with regard to different demand situations. The newly proposed multiobjective metaheuristic succeeds to produce better approximations of the Pareto front than NSGA‐II with comparable runtime for the considered road network.
Exploring research cultures through internationalization at home for doctoral students in Hong Kong and Sweden
Authors: Leung Doris , Carlson Elisabeth , Kwong Enid E.Y. , Idvall Ewa , Kumlien Christine 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCultural skills are fundamental to developing global academic scholars. Internationalization at home can facilitate the acquisition of these skills without students having to go abroad. However, research on the effect of internationalization of higher education is scarce, despite apparent benefits to incorporating cultural sensitivity in research. Further, little is known about the role information and communication technology plays. In this pilot study, we describe the experience of doctoral students with an internationalization‐at‐home program, and its impact on developing an understanding about different research cultures. Eight doctoral nursing students from Sweden and Hong Kong participated in five webinars as “critical friends”. The study followed a descriptive, qualitative design. The results demonstrated that students observed cultural differences in others' research training programs. However, while cultural differences reinforced friendship among local peers, they challenged engagement with critical friends. Challenges led to the perception of one another not as critical friends but as “distant” friends. We discuss the possible reasons for these outcomes, and emphasize a need to nurture connectivity and common goals. This would prepare students to identify, translate, and recognize cultural differences to help develop knowledge of diverse research cultures.
Molluscum Contagiosum: Review and Update on Management
Authors: Forbat Emily , Al‐Niaimi Firas , Ali Faisal R. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMolluscum contagiosum (MC) is an infectious dermatosis that commonly presents in children and immunocompromised individuals. Although lesions usually resolve spontaneously after several months, they can be symptomatic and cause psychosocial distress. We review the evidence underlying treatment methods available for MC lesions, including potassium hydroxide, salicylic acid, hydrogen peroxide, retinoids, cantharidin, cryotherapy, curettage, and pulsed dye laser to aid practicing dermatologists in therapy selection.
Macrodystrophia Lipomatosa
Authors: Willenbrink Tyler , Thelin Lindsay , Connor Gregory , Diaz Lucia 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMacrodystrophia lipomatosa is an exceedingly rare overgrowth of mesenchymal and fibroadipose tissue manifesting as a form of gigantism affecting one or more digits on the distal upper or lower extremities. We present a 25‐year‐old man who presented with overgrowth of the right hand associated with occasional pain, numbness, and limited function who was found to have macrodystrophia lipomatosa with fibrolipomatous hamartoma of the median nerve. Reports of this condition are limited in the dermatology literature, and early recognition can lead to better outcomes.
Attachment styles, pain intensity and emotional variables in women with fibromyalgia
Authors: Peñacoba Cecilia , Perez‐Calvo Soledad , Blanco Sheila , Sanroman Lucía 
Published: September 2017

This study aims to explore the relations between attachment styles and pain intensity and certain emotional variables (anxiety, depression and alexithymia) in a sample of fibromyalgia patients, in comparison with healthy women. Data were collected from 146 women with fibromyalgia and 122 healthy women. The variables studied were attachment style, pain intensity, anxiety, depression and alexithymia dimensions. Patients with fibromyalgia showed lower percentages of secure attachment style (69.9% vs. 86%) whilst showing higher avoidant attachment (19.8% vs. 7.4%), as well as increased numbers of anxious–ambivalent attachment (10.3% vs. 6.6%) than healthy women (X2 = 9.915, p = .007). Also, fibromyalgia patients showed significantly higher scores in two of the insecure attachment factors (p < .000; p = .020) and lower scores on the secure attachment factor (p = .008) in comparison with healthy women. Higher scores of alexithymia were found in women showing anxious–ambivalent and avoidant attachment styles in comparison with those showing a secure attachment style, regardless of the group they belonged to. In fibromyalgia patients, higher anxiety (p = .005) was found among the women with anxious–ambivalent attachment styles (Mean = 15.15; SD = 1.15) in comparison with those with secure attachment style (Mean = 11.18; SD = .45). No relation was found between attachment style and pain intensity. Avoidant attachment seems to carry out a contradictory role and warrants further research. The results found seem to highlight the need for the Attachment–Diathesis Model of Chronic Pain to include attachment styles as a predictor of the emotional experience of pain in fibromyalgia patients.