bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary Generative Adversarial Networks for Detecting Novel Polymorphic Ransomware
Authors: Arlowe Matthew , Fitzpatrick David , Brannon Christopher 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The increasing sophistication of polymorphic ransomware has presented significant challenges to traditional detection systems, which often rely on static signatures and heuristic patterns. The novel approach outlined in this article leverages a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) framework enhanced with evolutionary algorithms to dynamically detect previously unseen ransomware variants. Through adversarial training, the generator produces synthetic ransomware samples that closely mimic real-world behaviors, allowing the discriminator to refine its detection accuracy over time. The evolutionary aspect introduces variation and selection mechanisms, enabling the model to continuously adapt and evolve in response to new threats. Experimental results demonstrated superior detection rates, recall, and adaptability, particularly in detecting highly obfuscated ransomware strains, compared to traditional models. Although computationally intensive, the model’s scalability and ability to generalize across a diverse range of ransomware families make it an ideal candidate for high-risk environments where detection precision is paramount.
Challenging exclusion: bringing the human rights to water and sanitation to Europe
Authors: Roaf Virginia , Winkler Inga T. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Research and advocacy on water and sanitation in low-income countries often consider the human rights to water and sanitation as the basis for improving access to these essential services. But how often is the spotlight turned on high-income countries? Do the predominantly global North researchers, advocates, donors and development partners who explore failures to meet the human rights in Accra or Jakarta ever ask if the same rights are realized at home in Berlin, London or Paris? Exclusion and marginalization similar to that faced by various populations in low-income countries are present in the lived experiences of individuals and groups in Europe, including Roma communities, refugees and people facing homelessness or incarceration. Yet, the same human rights that are invoked in low-income countries are all too often ignored in Europe. Meanwhile, high-income countries cannot point to insufficient financial resources to justify failures in human rights realization. Against this background, we outline some of the inequalities in access to water and sanitation that exist and persist in high-income countries through the lens of human rights, and propose that invoking these human rights can support the ideals of equity and justice contributing to re-imagining universal access to services across Europe.
A data-driven approach to optimize a sanitary survey for communities in Maputo, Mozambique
Authors: Voth-Gaeddert Lee E. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Current approaches to align sanitary surveys to environmental fecal waste indicators have demonstrated limited success, leaving stakeholders focused on fecal waste management with limited and costly tools. We analyzed data from the Maputo Sanitation Project using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) to enhance the survey's correlation with Escherichia coli concentration data. EFA grouped related survey questions and sampling locations into distinct latent factors. SEM was then used to assess the relationship between the survey latent factors and the mean E. coli concentrations from grouped locations. The results suggested four survey question subgroups: latrine structure, latrine cleanliness, compound/household waste management, and community waste management. In addition, three sampling location subgroups were identified: high-traffic areas (HTAs), food activity locations, and bodily cleaning areas. The largest significant effect size identified suggested that for every 1-unit increase in community waste management, there was a decrease of 1.94 in log10 E. coli per gram of soil in HTAs (p = 0.03), a substantial improvement from the initial 0.50 decrease reported for an expert-weighted metric of all survey questions. These results underscore the importance of community-level waste management and demonstrate the use of a data-driven approach in enhancing environmental health assessments and planning interventions.
Consistency between Gleason score of prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy: predictors of increased tumour grading
Authors: Nesterova O. Yu. , Varentsov M. G. , Oleynikova N. A. , Strigunov A. A. , Zhestkov I. A. , Okhobotov D. A. , Kamalov D. M. , Sorokin N. I. , Kamalov A. A. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Gleason grading is one of the key parameters for determining the prostate cancer (risk group after receiving the results of a prostate biopsy in addition to the level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). However, an important clinical issue arises from changes in this grading following radical surgery. In some cases, such discrepancies in data can lead to a shift in patient management tactics from radical surgery to active follow-up recommended for patients with low cancer risk.Objective. To assess the consistency of the results of prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy with an assessment of possible predictors of increased tumor Gleason grading.Materials & methods. Between 2019 and 2021, 193 patients with prostate cancer were selected for treatment at the Medical Centre of Moscow State University. Of these, 139 patients were chosen for the final analysis of Gleason tumour grading consistency after biopsy and radical prostatectomy.Results. The results of prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy were comparable in 54.7% of patients (n = 76), while the remaining 45.3% (n = 63) showed a change in Gleason gradaing after radical prostatectomy: 29.5% (n = 41) patients showed an increased gradation, and 15.8% (n = 22) — decrease. Most often, the data were consistent for patients with a Gleason score 7: 63.6% for 3 + 4 = 7 and 57.9% for 4 + 3 = 7. The highest percentage of graduation increase was observed for patients from the group 3 + 3 = 6 and amounted to 48%. Cohen's kappa value was 0.351 (p < 0.001), indicating poor consistency between the results of the two studies. The total number of biopsies was associated with an increase in Gleason score after radical prostatectomy (OR = 0.816; 95% CI = 0.680 – 0.978). For example, the odds of Gleason tumour grading decreases by 18.4% when the number of biopsy specimens per unit increasesConclusion. The concordance of Gleason grading of prostate cancer after prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy remains poor. The only predictor of improved concordance is the biopsy count, thereby reflecting biopsy quality and encouraging clinicians to move away from sextant biopsies to systematic and targeted biopsies. Increasing the consistency of results can provide more accurate staging and classification of patients according to cancer risk, thereby influencing future management.
Comparison of the results of active surgical treatment and serial stenting for urolithiasis in pregnant women
Authors: Nizin P. Yu. , Perov R. A. , Nemenov A. A. , Kotov S. V. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Renal colic during pregnancy is a common cause of pain in the lower back. Currently, with a diagnosed kidney or ureter stone, the standard treatment is serial drainage of the urine tract using an internal ureter stent, with replacement of the drainage before delivery, followed by surgery to remove the stone after delivery.Objective. To study the effectiveness and safety of ureteroscopic interventions in the treatment of urolithiasis in pregnant women in comparison with the method of serial drainage of the upper urinary tract during gestation followed by surgical treatment of urolithiasis 4 weeks after delivery.Materials & methods. The study group consisted of 119 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of urolothiasis using instrumental diagnostic methods and a gestational age up to and including the 27th week. Two groups were formed based on treatment approaches for urolithiasis: group 1 included 59 patients (49.6%) who underwent surgical removal of the stone; group 2 included 60 patients (50.4%) who underwent internal ureteral stent replacement every 4 – 6 weeks prior to delivery and subsequent ureteroscopy There were no significant differences in age, body mass index, or number of pregnancies between the two groups.Results. The frequency of complete stone removal in groups 1 and 2 was 96.6 and 96.7%, respectively. The median amount of time spent on urolithiasis treatment in groups 1 and 2 was 60 [45; 72] and 97 [54; 105] minutes, respectively (p = 0.002). Migration of the ureteral stent in group 2 was observed in 13.3% of cases (p = 0.05). Among group 1 patients who underwent ureteroscopic intervention aimed at stone removal, the incidence of internal drainage dislocation was 3.4%. Encrustation of the ureteral stent in groups 1 and 2 was observed among 2 (3.4%) and 17 (28.3%) patients, respectively (p < 0.001). The bed-day (median time in days spent in hospital for drainage replacement and time of surgical treatment of urolithiasis) in groups 1 and 2 was four and eight days, respectively (p < 0.05). The frequency of natural childbirth in groups 1 and 2 was 81.35% and 55.0%, respectively (p = 0.002).Conclusion. Urolithiasis among pregnant women is a complex multifactorial disease that affects not only the health of the mother, but also the condition of the developing foetus. It is possible to perform surgical treatment with high efficiency and low complication rate, which improves the quality of life.
Urinary disorders in patients diagnosed with organic brain pathology
Authors: Palatkin P. P. , Konovalova N. G. , Zhatko O. V. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. This study is relevant due to the high prevalence of organic brain pathology and the negative influence of urination disorders on the quality of life.Objective. To analyse the impaired function of lower urinary tracts in patients with organic brain pathology.Materials & methods. We analysed 607 patients with severe organic brain pathology (105 had traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) and 457 had consequences of acute stroke (AS)). We performed clinical urological examinations. During the survey, attention was paid to the presence of urinary tract pathology at the examining time and anamnesis. Structural changes in the urinary tract were objectively assessed. We objectively assessed structural changes in urinary tracts including prostate adenoma in men, insufficiency of pelvic floor muscles in women and strictures of the urethra or ureters. The degree of the spastic syndrome was assessed with the Ashworth Scale. The neurourological examination included cystometry with the measurement of bladder volume and post-void residual urine. The cognitive status of the patients was assessed with the MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) questionnaire. The correlation analysis between the degree of spastic syndrome measured with the Ashworth Scale and urination disorders was performed with Spearman rank correlation.Results. All patients had neurogenic dysfunction of the lower urinary tract. A combination of bladder retention and emptying disorders was found in 62 men older than 45yo with benign prostate hyperplasia (10,2% of all cases). An impaired accumulation function in history was found in 45 women older than 45yo (7,4% of all observations). The level of spasticity was 3 or 4 points on the Ashworth Scale in patients with TSCI and 2 to 4 points in those with AS. The analysis of correlations between the degree of spasticity and urination disorders showed a moderate relationship (r = 0,4) in patients with TSCI and a medium relationship (r = 0.65) in patients with AS.Conclusion. Neurogenic dysfunction of the lower urinary tract accompanies patients with severe organic brain pathology throughout their life and requires adequate correction.
Neural networks in oncourology
Authors: Korchagin M. P. , Govorov A. V. , Vasilyev A. O. , Gritskov I. O. , Pushkar D. Yu. 
Published: September 2024

In recent decades, neural networks have been widely applied in many fields of science and medicine. Accurate and early diagnosis of malignancies is a key challenge in oncology. Neural networks can analyse a wide range of medical data and identify relationships between qualitative and quantitative features. This allows for more precise and timely diagnoses. Moreover, they can be used to predict tumour progression, evaluate treatment effectiveness, and optimise treatment plans for each patientIn oncourology, the use of neural networks offers new perspectives for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of various cancer conditions related to the urinary tract and male reproductive system. This review article explores how neural networks are being used in this field and present research into the use of neural networks for diagnosing, predicting the course and treating urological oncological diseases. The advantages and limitations of using neural networks in this field are demonstrated, and possible directions for future research are suggested. The application of neural networks in oncourology opens new horizons for the development of a personalised approach to diagnosing and treating oncological diseases. Artificial intelligence has the potential to become a powerful tool for improving the accuracy of patient outcome predictions and reducing undesirable side effects of therapy. Introducing neural networks into oncourological practice creates new opportunities for enhancing the work of healthcare organisations and improving the quality of care provided to patients. This can lead to better treatment outcomes and improved patient satisfaction.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Mahasiswa Asrama Islamic College Siti Aisyah Malang Melalui Diversifikasi Produk Bakso Sehat
Authors: Anggraini Apriliana Devi , Mulatmi Septi Nur Wulan , Fitriani Lina 
Published: September 2024

Purpose – The training and mentoring program for manufacturing meatballs for a group of female students at the Siti Aisyah Islamic College dormitory seeks to support and aid the dormitory's management's planned entrepreneur initiative. The program helped participants learn the fundamentals of livestock product processing, how to use technology, how to be creative, and how to develop their skills in processing animal products with varied product diversifications.
Design/methodology/approach – The series of activities lasted four months. The service activities were divided into multiple stages, including socializing, training, and assistance with meatball production and diversification. The method was to conduct pre-coordination activities with the management of the Siti Aisyah Islamic College Dormitory, activity preparation, activity implementation in the form of socialization and discussion of livestock product processing, meatball training, mentoring female students, and activity evaluation. Female students were given questionnaires before and following the deployment of the aid. The data was analyzed using quantitative descriptive methods.
Findings – This project created preservative-free meatball goods and several product variations, including original, vegetable, and cheese meatballs. The program resulted in a 70% improvement in understanding of processing livestock products, as well as an 80% rise in meatball-making abilities and variants.
Originality/value –The meatball training program could be an alternative entrepreneurial curriculum designed by the association's board. Training may help students improve their abilities and gain experience, as well as motivate them to grow their businesses.
Pengembangan e-modul berbasis flipbook dengan penguatan karakter cinta tanah air pada materi IPS kelas IV sekolah dasar
Authors: Naharin Fadilatun , Zainuddin Zainuddin , Yuniawatika Yuniawatika 
Published: September 2024

Tujuan penelitian pengembangan ini adalah mengembangkan e-modul berbasis mind map dengan penguatan karakter kemandirian belajar pada muatan IPA tema 7 subtema 1 yang valid menurut ahli materi, ahli bahan ajar, dan guru serta praktis dan menarik menurut siswa sehingga dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan berupa kurangnya media pembelajaran untuk daring. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu, ADDIE yang terdiri dari analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluation. Data yang dianalisis berupa data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data kuantitatif diperoleh dari skor hasil pengisian angket validasi ahli materi, ahli bahan ajar, guru, serta angket respon siswa. Sedangkan data kualitatif diperoleh dari komentar dan saran ahli materi, ahli bahan ajar, guru, dan siswa. Nilai kevalidan produk e-modul berbasis mind map dengan penguatan karakter kemandirian belajar diperoleh sebesar 100% oleh ahli materi, 100% oleh ahli bahan ajar, dan 93% oleh guru dengan semua masuk kategori sangat valid. Nilai kepraktisan diperoleh rata-rata sebesar 100% dimana semua siswa mendapat skor di atas 75. E-modul dikatakan efektif karena telah memenuhi kriteria pada pengujian dengan kelas kontrol dan eksperimen. Hasil penilaian dapat disimpulkan bahwa e-modul berbasis mind map dengan penguatan karakter kemandirian belajar pada muatan IPA tema 7 subtema 1 sangat valid, praktis, dan efektif, sehingga layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Sebaiknya materi dalam e-modul dikaitkan dengan muatan lain.
Constructing a framework for interdisciplinary performances featuring classically trained musicians and dancers or actors
Authors: Joel Gester Suarez  
Published: September 2024

The research aims to construct a framework for interdisciplinary performances. This framework is organised in the different components that shape creative processes. The research follows a process that begins with my experience in the dance-music collaboration “The Devil on the Dance Floor”, which included my ensemble Quinteto del Diablo, dancer Rosanna Ter Steege, and stage director Laura Suárez. The insights gained from this project, as well as the interview with director and actress Laura Suárez, led to the theorisation of the framework.
The mentioned components are organised in a map. Each one of them serves as a possible starting point for a creative process. The propositions drawn from the framework support the notion of non-hierarchical creative processes. However, it also concludes that all the mentioned components have to be observed and worked with according to their qualities. After the layout of the framework, the interview with dancer and choreographer Mar López provides a critical comparison to support the theory through the experience of someone outside my environment. The last section analyses my master project, a piano-dance duo with Rosanna ter Steege, as a practical application of this theoretical framework. The research aims to set a framework that can help me and others, especially classically trained musicians, when working on an interdisciplinary performance. The format of the presentation is a research exposition.
Why can't I sleep?: A psychoanalysis of the manifestation of unattainable control through the art of composition.
Authors: Franki Dodwell  
Published: September 2024

After nearly two decades of sleep problems, one question haunts me. Why can’t I sleep? Like many composers, sleep and its mysteries have become an obsession that for myself personally, has inspired an exploration between the conscious and unconscious in relation to the works of The Surrealists, Sigmund Freud and John Zorn. Using autobiographical experiences of insomnia; close analysis of scholarly texts and musical scores I will explore the various ways in which musical expression is informed by the concept of sleep. Through this exploration I will establish how the lack of control I experience due to my inability to sleep can aid my own compositional process. I will investigate how these specific artists use psychodynamic theories to take control away from their audiences and identify what drives their desire to musically capture, embody and control what is at its core, the uncontrollable.
The Can of Norms: Expanding the Modern Lute Plucking Technique
Authors: Talitha	Witmer  
Published: September 2024

Name: Talitha Cumi Witmer

Main Subject: Lute/Theorbo

Research Supervisor: Bart van Oort

Title of Research: The Can of Norms: Expanding the Modern Lute Plucking Technique

Research Question: Can “Thumb-out,” a historical lute technique in common use following the late Renaissance period, become favored by lutenists today?

Summary of Results:
After its revival in the 20th century, much has been discovered about the lute and its technique. One issue that is recently placed on the agenda of lutenists is the plucking technique applied on lutes. It is a known fact that Thumb-out was the technique applied most commonly for lute playing. Yet, very few lutenists adopt this Thumb-out technique today. Modern lute tutors tend to advise to avoid Thumb-out. If not, they advise to pluck around the rossete, and position their thumb close to the index finger. In paintings and treatises, however, we see Thumb-out hand with thumb positioned away from the index while the hand is placed around the bridge, and Thumb-out hand placed around the rosette, the former more often. I delved into this technique for 3 years and have come to understand that this “forgotten Thumb-out” is as matter of fact a technique that can be very beneficial for lute players, opening new, colorful, historical and healthy possibilities.

Biography:
The American-Korean lutenist, Talitha Cumi Witmer, started her musical studies at age 4 with church choir and piano. When she was 9 she heard a lute on a CD and immediately fell in love with its sound. Her dream to study the lute was then realized at the age of 13, when she began her formal studies on the instrument in Tokyo. Since 2011 she studies the lute under Joachim Held, and the theorbo under Mike Fentross since 2012. She performs both as a continuo player and a soloist, in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Netherlands, and Portugal.