bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La justicia transicional: la llave hacia una salida negociada al conflicto armado en Colombia
Authors: Melamed V Janiel David 
Published: April 2017

La necesidad de reconstruir sociedades afectadas por las cruentas realidades de la guerra ha hecho que el concepto de Justicia transicional se constituya precisamente como un referente absolutamente central e ineludible. Tal esfuerzo procura facilitar la transición de escenarios bélicos a contextos de paz, de restablecimiento democrático y de respeto por los derechos humanos. En la actualidad, Colombia ha desarrollado novedosos mecanismos de Justicia transicional que han logrado consolidarse como instrumentos necesarios para la construcción de paz en el país, y sin los cuales no se podría pensar en una salida concertada al conflicto armado interno. Los objetivos fundamentales del presente artículo son resaltar la pertinencia de acudir a mecanismos de negociación para finalizar el conflicto armado colombiano, presentar una delimitación conceptual de la Justicia transicional, determinar si existe o no un modelo único de Justicia transicional cuyo éxito esté garantizado y, finalmente, presentar un análisis crítico acerca de los diversos dilemas entre perdón y castigo que derivan de ella.
EMPATI DAN PEMAAFAN PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS PSIKOLOGI UIN SUSKA RIAU
Authors: Lestari Dwi Indra , Agung Ivan Muhammad 
Published: April 2017

Forgiveness has one important in human interpersonal relation.The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between empathy and forgiveness on undergraduate student. The participants undergraduate student were 309 (47: men, 262, women) from faculty of Psychology UIN Suska Riau. This research used two kinds of scale, empathy and forgiveness scale.The result showed: there is a significant and positive correlation between empathy and forgiveness.. The Implication of this result are discussed on the interpersonal relation contexts.
Komisje Specjalne przy Komitetach Żydowskich w Polsce – aspekt geograficzny
Authors: Cała Alina 
Published: April 2017

Artykuł dotyczy Komisji Specjalnej, żydowskiej organizacji paramilitarnej, utworzonej po pogromie w Kielcach (4 lipca 1946 r.) w celu samoobrony ludności żydowskiej. Istniała zaledwie przez niecały rok, ale miała istotny wpływ na stabilizację życia tej społeczności w powojennej Polsce. W założeniu jej oddziały tworzono przy Komitetach Żydowskich, jednak nie zawsze konsekwentnie, w związku z czym wytworzyła własny podział administracyjny, różniący się nieznacznie od stworzonego przez żydowski samorząd zrzeszony w Centralnym Komitecie Żydów w Polsce (CKŻP). W artykule przedstawiono specyfikę geograficznego zasięgu działania Komisji Specjalnych.
Leptin Overexpression in Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Promotes Periodontal Regeneration in a Rat Model of Osteoporosis
Authors: Zheng Baoyu , Jiang Jun , Chen Yuling , Lin Minkui , Du Zhibin , Xiao Yin , Luo Kai , Yan Fuhua 
Published: April 2017

Background: Osteoporosis is associated with widespread periodontitis and impaired periodontal healing. However, there is a lack of information about the outcomes of regenerative approaches under the influence of osteoporosis. This study investigates the effect of leptin (LEP) overexpression on the regenerative potential of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in an osteoporotic rat periodontal fenestration defect model.Methods: Rat BMSCs were transfected with adenoviruses harboring the human (h)LEP gene. Cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were evaluated. A β‐tricalcium phosphate scaffold seeded with transfected cells was implanted into nude mice to investigate ectopic osteogenesis and into an osteoporotic rat defect to study periodontal regeneration. Regenerated periodontal and bone‐like tissues were analyzed by histologic methods.Results: hLEP overexpression induced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs as evidenced by the upregulation of osteogenesis‐related genes such as Runt‐related transcription factor 2, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and collagen Type I, as well as increased ALP activity and enhanced mineralization. Mice implanted with hLEP‐BMSC–containing scaffolds showed more extensive formation of bone‐like tissue than those in other groups. Periodontal defects were also filled to a greater degree when treated with hLEP‐BMSCs and contained cementum and a well‐organized periodontal ligament after 10 and 28 days.Conclusion: hLEP overexpression in BMSCs can stimulate periodontal regeneration in osteoporotic conditions and might be a promising strategy for periodontal regeneration in patients with osteoporosis.
Microcephaly in Infants, Ceará State, Brazil, 2015-2016
Authors: Cavalcanti Luciano Pamplona de Góes , Ribeiro Erlane Marques , Pessoa André Luis Santos , Carvalho Francisco Herlânio Costa , Martins Neto Manoel , Araújo Fernanda Montenegro de Carvalho , Alencar Carlos Henrique , Lemos Daniele Rocha Queiroz , Figueiredo Thayse Elaine Costa , Oliveira Rhaquel De Morais Alves Barbosa , Barreto Francisca Kalline de Almeida , Heukelbach Jorg 
Published: April 2017

In late 2015, the Brazilian Ministry of Health officially announced the association between microcephaly in infants and Zika virus infection of the mother during pregnancy. We describe preliminary findings of this outbreak in Ceará, Northeast Brazil and it’s clinical characteristics in each medical speciality. We report epidemiological findings of 317 cases of microcephaly outbreak potentially associated with ZIKV infection in Ceara, State, Brazil. From mid-2015 to the end of June of 2016, a total of 417 cases of microcephaly were suspected, with 317 confirmed. Among those reported cases, 83.2% (347/417) were detected in the postpartum. Rash during pregnancy was reported by (29.6%) of pregnant women, most commonly in the 1st trimester (18.4%). The proportion of microcephaly cases increased from less than 1% to 25.8% of the registered cases of genetic abnormalities. The prevalence increased from 0.06/1000 live births in 2010 to 0.56 in 2015 and to 3.22 in January and February of 2016. In addition to microcephaly other associated malformations were detected, such as arthrogryposis, hyperexcitability, irritability with strong and frequent crying. The microcephaly phenotype caused by the zika virus is different from other congenital conditions. The infection in the prenatal period is a new teratogen reported. There is a predominance of neurological impairment, in which neuroimaging plays a crucial role in confirming the clinical suspicion of Congenital Zika Syndrome.
Simulasi Dan Analisis QoS Video Conference Melalui Jaringan Interworking IMS – UMTS Menggunakan Opnet
Authors: Pranindito Dadiek 
Published: April 2017

Next Generation Network (NGN) merupakan salah satu teknologi masa depan yang memberikan layanan berupa voice, data, multimedia, dan internet yang mengacu pada konvergensi layanan berbasis IP. Sebuah teknologi yang mendukung konsep konvergensi berbasis IP adalah IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). UMTS merupakan salah satu teknologi bergerak seluler generasi ke tiga (3G) yang sebagian besar masyarakat gunakan karena rata-rata masyarakat sudah menggunakan gadget yang mendukung jaringan 3G. Dengan menggunakan jaringan 3G, masyarakat dapat melakukan komunikasi video conference. Video conference merupakan salah satu komunikasi jarak jauh yang bersifat real time sebagai pengganti tatap muka. Namun, layanan video conference pada jaringan IMS – UMTS perlu diketahui kelayakannya. Video conference merupakan layanan yang sensitif terhadap delay sehingga perlu dilakukan analisis QoS. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan simulasi dan analisis QoS video conference pada jaringan IMS – UMTS. Simulasi ini akan dibuat dengan menggunakan software OPNET modeler 14.5. Skenario yang digunakan adalah skenario Integrated Service (IntServ) untuk mengamati jaringan IMS dan Differentiated Service (DiffServ) untuk mengamati hubungan antara IMS dengan UMTS. Penelitian ini menggunakan jumlah user yang berbeda-beda yaitu 4 user, 8 user, dan 12 user dengan waktu simulasi berbeda juga, yaitu 100 second, 200 second, dan 300 second. Dari hasil penelitian yang didapat, pada skenario Intserv dihasilkan nilai rata-rata terbesar untuk throughput adalah 26.643 Mbit/s, end-to-end delay sebesar 233.069 ms, dan jitter sebesar 0.073 ms. Untuk skenario Diffserv dihasilkan nilai rata-rata terbesar untuk throughput adalah 8.484 Mbit/s, end-to-end delay sebesar 164.138 ms, dan jitter sebesar 0.488 ms. Untuk nilai packet loss ke dua skenario menghasilkan nilai kurang dari 1%. Jika dilihat dari standar ITU-T G-114, rata-rata nilai parameter pada ke dua skenario termasuk dalam kategori baik.
Pemanfaatan Raspberry Pi Sebagai Server Web Untuk Penjadwalan Kontrol Lampu Jarak Jauh
Authors: Prihatmoko Dias 
Published: April 2017

Abstrak - Saat ini energi listrik yang digunakan oleh masyarakat, industri dan perusahaan terus meningkat pemakaiannya, pertumbuhan penduduk semakin meningkat, rumah-rumah, gedung serta industri juga semakin lama semkin banyak. Bangunan tersebut terkadang perangkat listriknya seperti contohnya lampu masih menyala diluar jam kerja dan yang di rumah-rumah pun terkadang masih menyala sampai pagi. Masalah tersebut dikarenakan masyarakat lalai dalam mematikan perangkat elektronik tersebut. Hal itu kalau berlanjut terus menerus maka akan mengakibatkan pemborosan dalam mengkonsumsi energi listrik. Maka dari itu diperlukan adanya solusi agar supaya dapat menghemat konsumsi energi tersebut. Salah satu contohnya adalah pemakaian sistem kontrol perangkat listrik jarak jauh menggunakan internet. Karena menggunakan internet maka diperlukan server web yang berfungsi sebagai server untuk mengontrol perangkat tersebut. Penelitian ini mengajukan perancangan server web yang digunakan sebagai server untuk kontrol penggunaan lampu. Perancangan ini berupa perancangan perangkat lunak menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP, Bahasa Pemrograman C, dan database. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah server web yang dapat digunakan untuk kontrol dan monitor perangkat elektronis rumah dengan menggunakan Rasberry Pi.
Perhitungan Kemiripan Term Co-occurence Berdasarkan Cluster Dokumen Untuk Pengembangan Thesaurus Bahasa Arab
Authors: Yunianto Dika Rizky , Arifin Agus Zainal 
Published: April 2017

Generating automatically thesaurus is by calculating the similarity value term. To get the value of the similarity can be carried out with the co-occurence approach is to see the frequency of occurrence along these terms. The frequency of how much these terms occurence on documents corpus. Each of the documents contained in the corpus have content or topics vary. So the terms that are in the document a specific topic will have a different context with the terms of the document with other topics. Therefore, this paper proposes a new method of measurement term similarity with co-occurence based on cluster of documents on the generate of Arabic thesaurus. The documents will be in the corpus clustering to group by the proximity of the content of the document. To get the term similarity value calculation clusterweight by leveraging the value of inverse class frequency of each term to an existing cluster. Thesaurus is formed by looking at the value of the calculation result of the similarity term. Thesaurus formed by the proposed method succeeded in improving inter-term relevance is evidenced by the experimental results have a precision value of 63,3%, amounting to 78,6% recall and F-measure by 50%.
Indigofera: “Kini dan Nanti”
Authors: MUZAYYINAH MUZAYYINAH 
Published: April 2017

<em>Indigofera tinctoria</em> as one of natural blue dyes that has been since the 4th century inIndonesia. The use of natural dyes in decline with synthetic dyes. An effort to prevents carcity of <em>I.tinctoria </em>as natural dyes among others cultivation, use of marginal lands as <em>Indigofera cultivation</em> location, and genetic engineering to get a superior species.
Model Pembelajaran Generatif melalui Media Animasi Berbasis Flash dan Video Ditinjau dari Keterampilan Generik Dan Keingintahuan
Authors: MOESTOFA A. H. 
Published: April 2017

<p class="5abstrak">Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran generatif melalui media animasi berbasis flash dan video, keterampilan generik, keingintahuan dan interaksinya terhadap prestasi belajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kanor Bojonegoro tahun pelajaran 2011/2012. Sampel diperoleh dengan teknik <em>cluster random sampling</em> terdiri dari 2 kelas VIII E dan VIII D. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan metode tes untuk prestasi belajar kognitif dan keterampilan generik, metode angket untuk keingintahuan, serta metode observasi untuk mendapatkan data prestasi belajar afektif dan psikomotor. Data dianalisis menggunakan anava tiga jalan dengan desain faktorial 2 x 2 x 2 menggunakan <em>SPSS</em>17. Berdasarkan hasil analisis disimpulkan bahwa: 1. penerapan model pembelajaran generatif dalam kegiatan pembelajaran dapat mengatasi kesulitan peserta didik dalam mengerjakan soal yang bersifat aplikatif; 2. pemanfaatan media flash dan video dapat meningkatkan motivasi dalam belajar dan memudahkan siswa dalam mempelajari materi sistem peredaran darah sehingga siswa yang belajar dengan menggunakan media animasi berbasis flash memiliki prestasi belajar kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor lebih baik dari pada siswa yang belajar dengan menggunakan media video; 3. tingkat keterampilan generik siswa memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap prestasi belajar sehinga siswa yang memiliki keterampilan generik tinggi memperoleh prestasi kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor lebih baik dari pada siswa yang memiliki keterampilan generik rendah; 4. tingkat keingintahuan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan siswa dan prestasi belajar. Siswa dengan tingkat keingintahuan tinggi memperoleh prestasi belajar kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor lebih baik dari pada siswa yang memiliki keingintahuan rendah; 5. media flash dan video memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda, masing-masing memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan. Apabila keduanya diinteraksikan dengan keterampilan generik dalam suatu pembelajaran akan memberikan pengaruh yang sangat kecil terhadap prestasi belajar; 6. keterampilan generik dan keingintahuan merupakan dua hal yang saling independen, sehingga apabila keduanya diinteraksikan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap prestasi belajar.</p>
Use of δ15N and δ18O Values for Nitrate Source Identification under Irrigated Crops: A Cautionary Vadose Zone Tale
Authors: Loo Shawn E. , Ryan M. Cathryn , Zebarth Bernie J. , Kuchta Shawn H. , Neilsen Denise , Mayer Bernhard 
Published: April 2017

Source nitrogen (N) identification of leachate or groundwater nitrate is complicated by N source mixing and N and oxygen (O) isotope fractionation caused by microbial N transformations. This experiment examined the δ15NNO3 and δ18ONO3 values in leachate collected over 1 yr at 55 cm below raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) plots receiving either synthetic fertilizer (FT) or poultry manure (MT). The large ranges of δ15NNO3 (FT: −2.4 to +8.7‰, MT: +1.6 to +9.6‰) and δ18ONO3 (FT: −9.9 to −0.3‰, MT: −10.9 to +1.7‰) values in leachate collected under crop rows prohibited the reliable identification of the applied N sources on individual sampling dates. However, the mass‐weighted average δ15NNO3 (FT: +3.2‰, MT: +7.3‰) values in leachate were significantly different and can be explained by accounting for the estimated contributions of nitrate and δ15NNO3 values of the various N sources, including applied fertilizer (−0.7‰) or manure (+7.9‰), nitrate‐rich irrigation water (+9.0‰), and nitrate from soil N mineralization and nitrification (FT: +3.7‰, MT: +4.6‰; the seasonal timing of which is unknown). This study illustrates the importance of characterizing all major N sources and considering the seasonal variation of these sources and of N cycling processes, as they contribute to the δ15NNO3 values of leachate.Core Ideas
Temporal variation in δ15NNO3 and δ18ONO3 prevented reliable N source distinction.
N treatments differed using mass‐weighted annual average δ15NNO3 and δ18ONO3 values.
Annual average δ15NNO3 was predictable using estimated N source contributions.
Soil N and irrigation water NO3 contributed significantly to the leachate mass flux.
Can Biochar Covers Reduce Emissions from Manure Lagoons While Capturing Nutrients?
Authors: Dougherty Brian , Gray Myles , Johnson Mark G. , Kleber Markus 
Published: April 2017

The unique physical and chemical properties of biochars make them promising materials for odor, gas, and nutrient sorption. Floating covers made from organic materials (biocovers) are one option for reducing odor and gas emissions from livestock manure lagoons. This study evaluated the potential of floating biochar covers to reduce odor and gas emissions while simultaneously sorbing nutrients from liquid dairy manure. This new approach has the potential to mitigate multiple environmental problems. Two biochars were tested: one made via gasification of Douglas fir chips at 650°C (FC650), and the other made from a mixture of Douglas fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] bark and center wood pyrolyzed at 600°C (HF600). The HF600 biocover reduced mean headspace ammonia concentration by 72 to 80%. No significant reduction was found with the FC650 biocover. Nutrient uptake ranged from 0.21 to 4.88 mg N g−1 biochar and 0.64 to 2.70 mg P g−1 biochar for the HF600 and FC650 biochars, respectively. Potassium ranged from a loss of 4.52 to a gain of 2.65 mg g−1 biochar for the FC650 and HF600 biochars, respectively. The biochars also sorbed Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Al, and Si. In a separate sensory evaluation, judges assessed odor offensiveness and odor threshold of five biocover treatments including four biochars applied over dairy manure. Reductions in mean odor offensiveness and mean odor threshold were observed in three treatments compared with the control. These results show that biochar covers hold promise as an effective practice for reducing odor and gas emissions while sorbing nutrients from liquid dairy manure.Core Ideas
Biochar biocovers can reduce odor and gas emissions from livestock manure lagoons.
Floating biochar covers can passively capture nutrients from livestock manure.
Biochars exhibited a range of nutrient retention and emission reduction efficacies.
In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of Aqueously Extractable Estrogens in Poultry Manure after Pilot‐scale Composting
Authors: Hammett Kirsten M. , Mullin Elizabeth J. , Aga Diana S. , Felton Gary K. , Fisher Daniel J. , Yonkos Lance T. 
Published: April 2017

Poultry manure contains free and conjugated forms of the natural estrogens 17β‐estradiol and estrone, which can be transported to receiving waters via runoff when land‐applied. Previous studies have demonstrated estrogens in runoff from poultry manure–amended fields but have not tracked changes in estrogenicity within this water over time. Microbial conversion of conjugated estrogens (a major portion of water‐extractable estrogens) to parent forms may result in temporary increases in estrogenicity in natural water bodies. The present study created 80‐L batches of simulated poultry manure runoff, which were investigated over 10 d for estrogenicity by bioluminescent yeast estrogen screen assay and fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) vitellogenin induction model. The efficacy of different compost conditions (in‐vessel aeration ± turning, and piling) on reduction/elimination of aqueously extractable estrogens in poultry manure was also investigated. Results indicate 3‐ to 10‐fold increases in estrogenicity in various poultry manure mixtures during 10‐d observations. Estrogenicity returned to low levels in postcompost treatments but remained elevated in the precompost treatment. Aerated compost resulted in >75% reductions in initial, peak, and 10‐d mean estrogenicity in aqueous mixtures (0.3, 0.8, and 0.5 ng 17β‐estradiol equivalents [EEQ] L−1, respectively) compared with the precompost mixture (1.4, 4.8, and 2.1 ng EEQ L−1, respectively). Estrogenicity was significantly higher in the aqueous extract from the piled treatment than the aerated treatment, and 10‐d exposure of male fish to the piled treatment resulted in statistically significant vitellogenin induction. Collectively, our results suggest a need to investigate estrogenicity in surface waters for several days after receiving manure‐influenced runoff.Core Ideas
Aqueously extractable estrogens were studied in pre‐ and postcompost poultry manure.
Estrogenic activity increased in aqueous poultry manure mixtures over several days.
Initial estrogenicity in aqueous manure extracts did not predict later activity.
Microbial deconjugation likely liberates estrogen conjugates to active free forms.
Composting poultry manure with aeration reduces aqueously extractable estrogenicity.
Bilateral Idiopathic Sclerochoroidal Calcifications
Authors: Brahma Venkatesh L. , Shah Sumit P. , Chaudhry Nauman A. , Prenner Jonathan L. 
Published: April 2017

Background:
Sclerochoroidal calcification (SCC) is a rare and benign condition found mostly in middle-aged and elderly Caucasian men, characterized by multiple yellow-white lesions seen most commonly in the temporal regions of the fundus. While they may be concerning for benign tumors, primary neoplasias or metastases, SCCs most commonly present as asymptomatic findings during routine ophthalmologic testing and have a very good prognosis as they rarely cause visual deficits.

Objective:
To report and describe the findings in a case of bilateral idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcifications.

Methods:
A retrospective case report.

Results:
Repeated ophthalmological exams, including fundoscopic examination, ultrasonography, optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography, were all consistent bilateral idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcifications.

Conclusion:
While most cases of idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcifications represent a benign ophthalmological condition, there are known associations with other systemic conditions, such as hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, Bartter’s syndrome and Gitelman’s syndrome. It is for this reason that these patients warrant a full systemic work-up in addition to careful ophthalmological monitoring.
The Role of the Audit Committee in Their Oversight of Whistle-Blowing
Authors: Lee Gladys , Fargher Neil L. 
Published: April 2017

SUMMARY
We examine the role of the audit committee in their oversight of whistle-blowing. Our study examines whether the quality of the audit committee, captured by its independence, expertise, and diligence, is associated with two whistle-blowing outcomes: the choice of reporting channel (external whistle-blowing versus internal reporting) and the likelihood of retaliation against the whistle-blower. Using a sample of internal and external whistle-blowing cases, we find that a high-quality audit committee reduces the probability that misconduct is reported externally relative to internally, and reduces the probability that a whistle-blower experiences retaliation. We further find that a higher-quality audit committee is associated with the implementation of a stronger internal whistle-blowing system, which in turn reduces the likelihood of external relative to internal reporting. Together, our findings suggest that a high-quality audit committee helps to ensure that whistle-blowing disclosures are received and resolved through internal channels.