bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differing relationships between parenting stress, parenting practices and externalising behaviours in autistic children
Authors: Suvarna Vedanta , Farrell Lara , Adams Dawn , Emerson Lisa-Marie , Paynter Jessica 
Published: October 2024

There is limited literature on the association between parenting practices, parenting stress and externalising behaviours in autistic children. We investigated whether parenting practices mediate the association between parenting stress and externalising behaviours. Parents of school-aged autistic children ( n = 138) completed an online survey on parenting practices, parenting stress and child externalising behaviours. Higher levels of parenting stress were associated with higher levels of externalising behaviours. In contrast to prior literature, parenting practices were not associated with child externalising behaviours and did not have mediating effects on the association between parenting stress and child externalising behaviours. However, higher levels of parenting stress were associated with lower levels of mindful parenting and higher levels of permissive and authoritarian parenting practices. Together, findings suggest that targeting parenting stress can impact parenting practices. Limitations of the study are acknowledged including the cross-sectional design, which limits causality-based inferences, given parent–child associations could occur over time. Implications for research and clinical practice in designing parent-informed programmes focused on reducing parenting stress via parenting practices are discussed. Lay abstract There is much research on parenting stress and child behaviours of autistic children. However, researchers have rarely explored whether how parents raise their children (called ‘parenting practices’) links to parenting stress and child behaviours. This is important, as if we know which parenting practices lead to better outcomes, parents can be supported to use parenting practices that are most helpful to them and/or their child. We asked parents of school-aged children to complete a survey on parenting stress, parenting practices and child behaviours. We found that parents who reported being more stressed (i.e. high levels of parenting stress) reported their children showed more observable behaviours that others find challenging such as aggression. Parents who were more stressed also reported lower mindful parenting (i.e. a style of parenting characterised by being present, non-judgementally in the moment) and were more permissive (e.g. giving in) in their parenting. However, these parenting practices did not impact the link between parenting stress and child behaviours. Results suggest we should focus on ways to reduce parents’ stress, which could include changing parenting practices which is consistent with strengths-based, neurodiversity-affirming approaches.
Implementing Schwartz Rounds in children's social care: Enablers and barriers
Authors: Wilkins David , Thompson Sarah , Jones Rebecca , Bezeczky Zoe , Bennett Verity 
Published: October 2024

Summary Children's social care services can be a challenging place to work, with staff regularly reporting higher stress levels relative to the general population and other public sector settings. Thus, it is important to provide staff with good support. Previously, we completed a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of Schwartz Rounds (SRs) and reported a series of non-statistically significant differences between intervention and comparison groups. We also undertook a process evaluation, to identify enablers and barriers to the successful implementation of SRs in children's social care. Findings Compared with studies of SRs in healthcare settings, we identified several similar enablers, such as senior management buy-in and effective administrative support, and some similar barriers, such as high workloads and poor publicity. We also identified specific enablers and barriers for social care settings, including the synergy between existing practice models and SRs, the nature of trauma in social care compared with healthcare, and some related to the different nature of organisational and workload pressures. Applications Understanding the differences between SRs in healthcare and social care will be useful for local authorities who may want to support their staff via the provision of SRs. They should also be useful in any future definitive evaluation of SRs for social care by helping to maximise the possibility for a successful implementation.
Exploring participatory approach to community development projects in Africa: Toward an empowerment-participatory approach for sustainable development
Authors: Veta Oghenechoja Dennis 
Published: October 2024

Summary Applying the participatory approach alone to development projects has yet to lead to the active participation of the marginalized in African development projects. A qualitative phenomenological research design was utilized. The study purposively included six communities across Delta State, Nigeria, based on the presence of development projects. Eighteen participants with high incomes and above, and 18 participants with low incomes and below were included in the study using the snowball sampling technique. The total sample size for the study was 36. Unstructured interviews were used to collect data, which were thematically analyzed. Findings The findings, which are of significant importance, revealed that the studied communities benefited from town halls, open-stall markets, borehole water, roads, primary health care centers, primary schools, secondary schools, irrigations, electricity, and hospitals. The participants with low incomes and below indicated a low level of participation in the development projects due to poverty, lack of formal education, inadequate information, government interference, male domination, lack of interest, and discriminatory cultural practices. The participants with high incomes and above indicated a high level of participation believing that they were better positioned to participate in development-related matters in the communities. Applications The findings suggest a promising potential for change. There is a clear need for social work educators to adopt the empowerment-participatory approach into Nigerian social work curricula, and social work practitioners should apply it for active community participation, and sustainability in Nigerian and African development projects.
Cannabis-Related Disorders Are Associated with Increased Early Postoperative Opioid Prescriptions and Delayed Emergency Department Visits Following Open Carpal Tunnel Release
Authors: Humble Kirstin A. , Vatsia Sohrab K. , Monahan Peter F. , Taylor Kenneth F. 
Published: October 2024

Background: The effect of cannabis on pain management following open carpal tunnel release (CTR) surgery is unknown. The purpose of this study is to compare outcomes for patients with cannabis-related disorder (CRD) undergoing open CTR to a propensity-matched cohort of patients without CRD (no cannabis-related disorder [NCRD]). Methods: The TriNetX Research Network was queried to identify patients undergoing primary open CTR between January 2010 and December 2022. Patients with CRD were propensity matched to a NCRD cohort in a 1:1 ratio based on 7 characteristics. Rates of postoperative opioid prescriptions, emergency department (ED) services, and outpatient appointments were reported at 0-2, 2-6, and 6-12 weeks postoperatively. Results: A total of 925 CRD patients were propensity matched to 925 NCRD patients undergoing open CTR. Within 0-2 weeks postoperatively, CRD patients received significantly greater rates of opioid prescriptions compared to NCRD patients (30.9% and 25.6%, P = .011). No cannabis-related disorder (NCRD) patients presented for outpatient follow-up at significantly higher rates than CRD patients within 6 weeks postoperatively. CRD patients presented to the ED at significantly higher rates between 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively (11.0% vs. 8.0%, respectively, P = .027). Conclusions: Cannabis-related disorder (CRD) is associated with lower rates of outpatient follow-up but higher rates of postoperative opioid prescriptions and ED presentations following open CTR compared to a propensity-matched cohort of NCRD patients. Level of Evidence: Cohort Study; Level III.
Use of Onyx Frontier™ for intracranial stenting in stroke patients: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Chahine Ahmad , Morsi Rami Z. , Thind Sonam , Kass-Hout Omar , Becske Tibor , Khaldi Ahmad , Karar Lina , Baskaran Archit , Carrión-Penagos Julián , Desai Harsh , Kothari Sachin A. , Rana Rohini , Verhagen Metman Okker , Zakaria Jehad , Shah Atman P. , Paul Jonathan D. , Nathan Sandeep , Siegler James E. , Mendelson Scott J. , Mansour Ali , Hurley Michael C. , Prabhakaran Shyam , Gupta Rishi , Kass-Hout Tareq 
Published: October 2024

Background Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) carries a high risk of recurrence despite aggressive medical management. The aim of our study is to present our initial experience with the Onyx Frontier™ balloon-mounted drug-eluting stent (Medtronic, Santa Rosa, CA) for AIS due to ICAD. Methods We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study describing the technical feasibility, safety, and performance of using the Onyx Frontier™ balloon-mounted drug-eluting stent in patients with acute intracranial vessel occlusion due to ICAD across three comprehensive stroke centers in the United States. Results We included 23 patients in our study (mean age 67.3 [10.7]; females: n = 13/23, 56.5%). Most patients were Black (n = 14/23, 60.9%). The most common site of vessel occlusion was the M1 branch of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) (n = 14/23, 60.9%), followed by the vertebrobasilar system (n = 5/23, 21.7%), and the internal carotid artery (n = 3/23, 13.0%). Treatment with the Onyx Frontier™ stent was associated with a final mTICI score ≥2b for 100% of patients, with no vessel perforations or distal embolization. None of the patients had any restenosis or re-treatment over a median follow-up of 3.5 months (interquartile range [IQR] 7.8). All cases required a single stent except for one, where two were deployed. Transfemoral access was used in most cases (n = 18/23, 78.3%), with one in-hospital death due to access site complication (n = 1/23, 4.3%). Conclusions This is the largest multicenter cohort study demonstrating the feasibility and safety of using the Onyx Frontier™ balloon-mounted zotarolimus-eluting stent to treat symptomatic AIS due to ICAD.
Carotid artery stenting for symptomatic carotid near occlusions: Feasibility, safety and outcome analysis
Authors: Çelebioğlu Emre Can , Dabus Guilherme , Bozer Uludağ Sena , Çetinkaya Ömer Arda , Ünal Sena , Bengisun Uğur , Eryılmaz Sadık , Sorgun Mine Hayriye , Doğan İhsan , Atmaca Şermin , Özçınar Evren , Meço Başak Ceyda , İnan Mustafa Bahadır , Togay Işıkay Canan , Akar Ahmet Rüçhan , Alaçayır İskender , Bilgiç Sadık 
Published: October 2024

Introduction Extracranial internal carotid stenosis (EICS) is a well-established cause of stroke. Carotid near-occlusion (CNO), either distally collapsed or not, is a rare sub-type of EICS with conflicting data regarding the necessity for treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of carotid artery stenting (CAS) for patients with symptomatic CNOs. Material and methods Institutional review board (I06-420-23) approval was obtained for this retrospective study. Consecutive data from January 2019 to January 2023 was obtained. Sixty-five patients underwent 66 procedures for symptomatic CNOs. Diagnosis of CNOs were made with DSA images. Treatment decisions were made by a multidisciplinary team. Patient data including age, gender, clinical presentation, affected side, complications (initial/ follow-up), and pre and post mRS scores were recorded and analyzed. Results There were 22 female and 43 male patients with symptomatic CNOs (mean age: 71.52 ± 9.32 years). The mean time from symptom-to-treatment was 3.91 weeks ± 3.74 weeks (ranging from 0 to 20 weeks). There were eight events recorded in the 30 days period after CAS; five (7.7%) were cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (one causing haemorrhage) and three (4.5%) ischemic complications. Permanent neurologic deficit rate was 6% and 61 patients (94%) mRS scores were unchanged during last follow-up. Mean follow-up period was 22.94 ± 16.67 months (ranging from 0.5 to 60 months). Conclusion Our study demonstrated that in the complex population of patients with symptomatic CNOs, CAS is a feasible option with acceptable rate of permanent neurologic deficits. Further studies are needed to assess its safety and long-term efficacy.
BLU-945, a potent and selective next-generation EGFR TKI, has antitumor activity in models of osimertinib-resistant non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Lim Sun Min , Schalm Stefanie S. , Lee Eun Ji , Park Sewon , Conti Chiara , Millet Yves A. , Woessner Rich , Zhang Zhuo , Tavera-Mendoza Luz E. , Stevison Faith , Albayya Faris , Dineen Thomas A. , Hsieh John , Oh Seung Yeon , Zalutskaya Alena , Rotow Julia , Goto Koichi , Lee Dae-Ho , Yun Mi Ran , Cho Byoung Chul 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Despite the availability of several epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), most patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) eventually develop resistance to these agents. Notably, EGFR_C797S mutations confer resistance to the third-generation EGFR-TKI osimertinib and no approved post-osimertinib targeted pharmacology options are currently available. BLU-945 is a novel, reversible, and orally available next-generation EGFR-TKI that selectively targets EGFR-activating ( EGFRm) and resistance mutations (including EGFR_C797S) with nanomolar potency while sparing wild-type EGFR in vitro. Methods: In vitro activity of BLU-945 as a single agent and in combination with osimertinib was tested in engineered EGFR-mutant cell lines as well as patient-derived cells and patient-derived organoids. In vivo activity was evaluated in osimertinib-resistant patient-derived xenograft mouse models. Three patient cases from the global, first-in-human, phase I/II SYMPHONY trial (NCT04862780) demonstrating the clinical efficacy of BLU-945 were reported. Results: In vitro BLU-945 demonstrated inhibited cell viability and growth of EGFR-mutant/osimertinib-resistant cell lines. BLU-945 demonstrated in vivo tumor shrinkage in osimertinib-resistant models of NSCLC (osimertinib second line: EGFR_L858R/C797S and third line: EGFR_ex19del/T790M/C797S and L858R/T790M/C797S) both as monotherapy and in combination with osimertinib. BLU-945 also demonstrated tumor shrinkage in patients from the SYMPHONY trial. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate the preclinical and early clinical activity of BLU-945 in EGFRm NSCLC progressing on previous EGFR-TKIs.
A biopsy-based Immunoscore in patients with treatment-naïve resectable gastric cancer
Authors: Soeratram Tanya T. D. , Beentjes Isis , Egthuijsen Jacqueline M. P. , Mookhoek Aart , Lange Marilyne M. , Meershoek-Klein Kranenbarg Elma , Hartgrink Henk H. , van de Velde Cornelis J. H. , Ylstra Bauke , van Laarhoven Hanneke W. M. , van Grieken Nicole C. T. 
Published: October 2024

Background: The prognostic significance of T-cell densities in gastric cancer (GC) was previously demonstrated in surgical resection specimens. For prognosis or response prediction, it is preferable to identify biomarkers in pre-treatment biopsies; yet, its representativeness of the tumor immune microenvironment is unclear. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the concordance and prognostic value of T-cell densities in paired biopsies and resections. Methods: Paired diagnostic biopsies and surgical resections were available for 131 patients with resectable GC who were treated with surgery alone in the D1/D2 trial. T-cell markers such as CD3, CD45RO, CD8, FOXP3, and Granzyme B were assessed by immunohistochemistry and digitally quantified. Tumors were categorized into high and low subgroups for each marker. The concordance between biopsies and resections was determined for each marker with Cohen’s κ. To determine the prognostic value of T cells in biopsies, Cox regression was performed. Results: The concordance of T-cell high and low tumors was moderate for CD8 (κ = 0.58) and weak for other markers (κ < 0.3). CD8 and FOXP3 densities in biopsies were significantly associated with cancer-specific survival. Multivariable analysis showed that an Immunoscore incorporating CD8 and FOXP3 served as an independent prognostic marker (low vs high: hazard ratio 3.40, 95% confidence interval: 1.27–9.10; p = 0.015). Conclusion: Although the concordance in T-cell densities between biopsy and resection specimens is modest, a biopsy-based Immunoscore identified distinct biological subgroups with prognostic potential. To fully evaluate the prognostic performance of this biopsy Immunoscore, additional studies are warranted.
Cribriform Plate Foramina Count in Patients With Acquired and Congenital Anosmia
Authors: Juratli Jerry Hadi , High Brigit , Joshi Akshita , Yilmaz Eren , Yildirim Duzgun , Altundag Aytug , Hummel Thomas 
Published: October 2024

Background Cribriform foramina provide the openings for olfactory nerve fibers to cross from the nasal cavity to the olfactory bulb. Disruption of the olfactory nerve fibers is known to affect olfactory function, but little is known about the potential effects on the number of cribriform foramina in congenital anosmia. Objective This pilot study aimed to investigate whether there was a reduction in foramina in patients with acquired and congenital anosmia (including both Kallmann syndrome and isolated congenital anosmia) compared to controls with normal olfactory function. Methods Paranasal CT image stacks were analyzed from 20 patients with congenital anosmia ( n = 6), acquired anosmia ( n = 6), or normal olfactory function ( n = 8). Cribriform foramina were counted by three observers from the slice revealing the crista galli and the ethmoidal slits. The two closest values for each subject were analyzed in comparison across the three groups using one-way analysis of variance. Results Patients with congenital, but not acquired, anosmia had significantly fewer cribriform foramina (x̄ ± SE = 10.17 ± 1.23) compared to healthy, normosmic controls (x̄ ± SE = 19.88 ± 2.01). There was no significant difference in foramina count between congenital and acquired anosmics (x̄ ± SE = 15.83 ± 3.47). Conclusion In this pilot study, a reduced number of cribriform foramina was found in individuals with congenital anosmia. Examination of cribriform foramina could be helpful in counseling patients with olfactory loss. Further investigation in larger studies with additional cohorts is warranted.
The top 10 papers on the treatment of invasive fungal infections, 2018–2023
Authors: Stover Kayla R. , Aldridge Harleigh M. , Pollan Katherine L. , Slain Douglas , Bland Christopher M. , Bookstaver P. Brandon , Barber Katie E. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Invasive fungal infections are responsible for a large number of infections in hospitalized patients annually and are responsible for high morbidity and mortality. Familiarity with novel agents or strategies in this area can be challenging. Objectives: To identify the top 10 manuscripts on the treatment of invasive fungal infections from 2018 to 2023. Design: Modified Delphi consensus-building technique. Methods: A three-stage consensus-building approach was used comprised of (1) identifying relevant articles; (2) voting by a panel of experts to establish consensus on the importance of these articles; and (3) finalizing the list of top articles by a small group. Members of the Southeastern Research Group Endeavor network served as content experts. Publications from 2018 to 2023 were evaluated if articles met the following inclusion criteria: (1) published between 2018 and 2023, (2) contained content related to fungal infections, and (3) included an actionable intervention. Results: A total of 6518 potential publications were assessed. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 82 articles were reviewed. The top 10 publications related to invasive fungal infections, selected by a panel of experts, are summarized in this manuscript and include publications related to the treatment of invasive aspergillosis, candidiasis, and cryptococcosis. Conclusion: This article highlights the selected publications and may serve as a key resource for teaching and training. Clinicians may also employ these reported interventions to identify new opportunities to optimize antifungal therapeutic strategies within one’s institution.
Examining the Emergency Department Care Experiences of Equity-Deserving Groups Using an Intersectional Lens
Authors: Karanikas Aliki , Jayawardena Reyana , Balamurugan Maya , Bartels Susan A. , Walker Melanie 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Equity-deserving groups (EDGs) face societal barriers, including healthcare barriers within the emergency department (ED), due to discrimination. Most patient-care experience research considers only a single-axis perspective, neglecting multifaceted impacts of discrimination, or intersectionality. Methods: Detailed is a secondary analysis of a mixed-methods, cross-sectional study conducted at the Kingston Health Sciences Centre (KHSC) between June and August 2021. A quantitative analysis was conducted to identify differences between participants who did not identify as equity-deserving (controls), and those who identified with 1, 2, or 3 EDGs, respectively. The research team conducted thematic analysis on the shared micronarratives to contextualize the quantitative results. The research team also held focus groups with community partners that served EDGs to gain their insights on study findings and add their perspectives to the captured themes. Results: Comparing 1973 individuals belonging to none, 1, 2, or 3 EDGs revealed significant differences in patient-perceived attention to their needs ( P < .001), patient-control in health care decision-making ( P = .001), and whether quality medical care or experiencing kindness/respect was more important ( P = .003). Three themes were identified: stigma and discrimination, lack of patient-centered care, and need for improved patient-provider communication. Conclusion: The study’s findings contribute to a sparse body of evidence on EDG-care experiences in the ED through an intersectionality lens. Future research efforts should evaluate the complex interactions of specific EDG memberships to improve care experiences.
Impact of Family Structure on Adolescent Depression Outcomes in a Collaborative Care Program
Authors: Lynch Brian A. , Lewis Charles P. , Vande Voort Jennifer L. , Nandakumar Aiswarya L. , Brennan RoxAnne M. , Cole Kristin C. , Rackley Sandra J. , Wi Chung-II , Croarkin Paul E. , Romanowicz Magdalena 
Published: October 2024

Introduction/Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effect of family structure on depression program outcomes for adolescents enrolled in a depression-focused, primary care-based collaborative care program. Methods: This was a retrospective study of primary care patients ages 12 to 18 years seen at a Midwestern academic center with data obtained by medical record review. We used logistic regression models to assess the effect of family structure on program graduation and achievement of a single Patient Health Questionnaire 9–Modified for Adolescents (PHQ-9M) score <5 at any time while enrolled. Results: Adolescents were divided into 2 groups, Both Parents in Household (n = 179) and Parents Not Together (n = 161). The Both Parents in Household group had higher rates of graduation (38.0% vs 23.6%, P = .005) and achieving single PHQ-9M scores <5 (64.1% vs 46.2%, P = .002) than the Parents Not Together group. Discussion: Youth residing with both parents had higher rates of successful outcomes in a depression-focused collaborative care program.