bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of lesion location on procedural and acute angiographic outcomes in patients with critical limb ischemia treated for peripheral artery disease with orbital atherectomy: A CONFIRM registries subanalysis
Authors: Lee Michael S. , Mustapha Jihad , Beasley Robert , Chopra Paramjit , Das Tony , Adams George L. 
Published: December 2015

ObjectivesThis analysis compares the procedural and acute angiographic outcomes in patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) treated with orbital atherectomy in above‐the‐knee (ATK)/popliteal (POP) lesions versus below‐the‐knee (BTK) lesions.BackgroundLesion location affects the procedural outcomes and the opportunity for limb salvage in patients with CLI suffering from peripheral artery disease (PAD).MethodsThe CONFIRM registry series was analyzed and includes 1109 real‐world patients (1544 lesions) suffering from CLI treated with orbital atherectomy. The rates of dissection, perforation, slow flow, vessel closure, spasm, embolism, and thrombus formation were compared between CLI patients with ATK/POP lesions and BTK lesions.ResultsPatients with ATK/POP lesions had a higher final residual stenosis (10 vs. 9%; P = 0.004) and use of more adjunctive therapies (e.g. balloons and stents; 1.3 vs. 1.1%; P < 0.001) compared to patients with BTK lesions. Patients with BTK had higher incidence of perforation (1.5 vs. 0.2%; P = 0.005), slow flow (7.7 vs. 5.0%; P = 0.03) and spasm (10.3 vs. 4.2%; P < 0.001) but lower incidence of embolism (0.4 vs. 5.1%; P < 0.001).ConclusionsPlaque modification with orbital atherectomy was successful in CLI patients regardless of lesion location. BTK lesions were associated with increased rates of perforation, slow flow and spasm which may be explained by more challenging procedural characteristics in these patients such as smaller vessel size and tortuosity. The higher incidence of emboli in ATK/POP lesions is most likely attributed to the higher prevalence of severe calcium observed in this cohort. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enlarging mediastinal/hilar lymphadenopathy with calcification
Authors: Adachi Takashi , Nakahata Masashi , Moritani Suzuko , Iida Hiroatsu , Ogawa Kenji 
Published: December 2015

Key Clinical MessageA 77‐year‐old man was referred to our hospital due to enlarging mediastinal/hilar lymphadenopathy with calcification. Endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBNA) and bone marrow aspiration were performed. Subsequently, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) associated with mediastinal amyloidosis was diagnosed. We hereby report a case in which EBUS‐TBNA led to a successful diagnosis of amyloidosis.
Warfarin treatment and antifungal agent caspofungin for severe fungal infection in a patient previously treated with radiotherapy for oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Vedtofte Thomas , Thisted Camilla Heyn , Friis‐Hansen Lennart 
Published: December 2015

Key Clinical MessageDrug–Drug interactions is important when caring for warfarin‐treated patients. We examined the impact on INR with coadministration of warfarin and caspofungin and showed no affect on the INR. Coadministrations of fluconazole lead to a marked increase in INR. We concluded that administration of caspofungin and warfarin was safe.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Cross Metathesis of β‐Myrcene and its Derivatives with Methyl Acrylate
Authors: Behr Arno , Johnen Leif , Wintzer Andreas , Gümüş Çetin Arzu , Neubert Peter , Domke Lutz 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe reaction of β‐myrcene with methyl acrylate produces 3‐methylenecyclopent‐1‐ene in the presence of the Ru catalyst Neolyst M2 by ring‐closing metathesis in the first step. In the second step, the generated methylidene unit reacts with methyl acrylate to give the corresponding unsaturated cyclic ester by cross metathesis. Under the optimized reaction conditions (80 °C, Neolyst M2, 16 equivalents of methyl acrylate), derivatives of β‐myrcene, myrcenol, myrcenyl acetate, and β‐ocimene, react to yield functionalized acyclic esters.
Polymer‐Based Spherical Activated Carbon as Easy‐to‐Handle Catalyst Support for Hydrogenation Reactions
Authors: Klefer Heiko , Munoz Macarena , Modrow Antje , Böhringer Bertram , Wasserscheid Peter , Etzold Bastian J. M. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe application of polymer‐based spherical activated carbon (PBSAC) as catalyst support offers unprecedented advantages in the handling of the catalyst in all stages of its application due to its superior fluid dynamic properties and dust‐free character, minimizing post processing times and facilitating catalyst recycling. The preparation of PBSAC‐based Pd catalysts has been addressed using PBSAC of different particle sizes and degrees of activation. Prior to Pd deposition, the support was oxidized in nitric and sulfuric acidic media under different operating conditions in order to introduce surface charges for the ion exchange. This method was successfully applied as, even for the mildest functionalization conditions, full deposition of Pd was achieved. The synthesized Pd‐PBSAC catalysts were successfully employed in the hydrogenation of cinnamic acid achieving its complete conversion at an optimum effective rate constant of 0.122 m3 kgPd−1 s−1.
Reactivity and Selectivity of Bowl‐Shaped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Relationship to C60
Authors: García‐Rodeja Yago , Solà Miquel , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias , Fernández Israel 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe Diels–Alder reactivity of different bowl‐shaped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (namely, corannulene, cyclopentacorannulene, diindenochrysene, hemifullerene, and circumtrindene) has been explored computationally within the DFT framework. To this end, both the increase in reactivity with the size of the buckybowl and complete [6,6]‐regioselectivity in the process have been analyzed in detail by using the activation strain model of reactivity in combination with the energy decomposition analysis method. These results have been compared with the parent C60 fullerene, which also produces the corresponding [6,6]‐cycloadduct exclusively. The behavior of the buckybowls considered herein resembles, in general, that of C60. Whereas the interaction energy between the deformed reactants along the reaction coordinate mainly controls the regioselectivity of the process, it is the interplay between the activation strain energy and the transition‐state interaction that governs the reactivity of the system.
A heuristic approach for the allocation of resources in large‐scale computing infrastructures
Authors: Lee Kevin , Buss Georg , Veit Daniel 
Published: December 2015

SummaryAn increasing number of enterprise applications are intensive in their consumption of IT but are infrequently used. Consequently, either organizations host an oversized IT infrastructure or they are incapable of realizing the benefits of new applications. A solution to the challenge is provided by the large‐scale computing infrastructures of clouds and grids, which allow resources to be shared. A major challenge is the development of mechanisms that allow efficient sharing of IT resources. Market mechanisms are promising, but there is a lack of research in scalable market mechanisms. We extend the multi‐attribute combinatorial exchange mechanism with greedy heuristics to address the scalability challenge. The evaluation shows a trade‐off between efficiency and scalability. There is no statistical evidence for an influence on the incentive properties of the market mechanism. This is an encouraging result as theory predicts heuristics to ruin the mechanism's incentive properties. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Role of Order in the Amplification of Light‐Energy Conversion in a Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cell Coupled to a Photonic Crystal
Authors: Fayad Remi , Halaoui Lara 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWe investigate the cause of amplification of light‐energy conversion when coupling a nc‐TiO2 film to a TiO2 inverse opal by comparing it to an inverse TiO2 glass (i‐TiO2‐g) fabricated with the exact monodisperse air–hole size as an inverse opal with a stop band at 600 nm (600‐i‐TiO2‐o). A significant twofold average gain in the photon‐to‐current conversion efficiency is measured to the red of the stop band at the 600‐i‐TiO2‐o/nc‐TiO2 bilayer under front‐wall and back‐wall illumination, greater than the gain within the stop band. A smaller amplification is measured under front‐wall illumination—and no gain is measured under back‐wall illumination—for i‐TiO2‐g/nc‐TiO2 at these energies. The photonic crystal therefore causes trapping of light through the bilayer, not only within the gap but also to the red, at frequencies within its dielectric band. This light‐trapping effect is found to be dependent on structural order, as a highly disordered inverse glass film with the same air–hole size and thickness does not yield the same gain. A drop in the transmission of light is measured within the same frequencies to the red of the stop band upon adding nc‐TiO2 to 600‐i‐TiO2‐o, consistent with light trapping in the bilayer.
Development of role‐differentiated bimanual manipulation in infancy: Part 3. Its relation to the development of bimanual object acquisition and bimanual non‐differentiated manipulation
Authors: Babik Iryna , Michel George F. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThis third paper in a series of three related developmental trajectories of bimanual object acquisition and non‐differentiated bimanual manipulation (NDBM) to patterns of role‐differentiated bimanual manipulation (RDBM) development to help identify the sequence of events that might predict (and potentially facilitate) the development of RDBM skill. Ninety infants were tested monthly from 6 to 14 months of age for object acquisition, and from 9 to14 months for NDBM and RDBM. The results did not support the hypothesis proposing that the onset of RDBM would require decoupling of the hands in unimanual acquisition, but supported the prediction that coupling of the hands in bimanual acquisition would predict increasing expertise in the RDBM skill. The relation between the bimanual object acquisition and RDBM was found to be mediated by NDBM, which prompts the hypothesis that bimanual acquisition of objects facilitates the development of NDBM, which, in its turn, facilitates the development of the RDBM skill. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 58: 268–277, 2016.
Oligodendroglial defects during quakingviable cerebellar development
Authors: Myers Kenneth R. , Liu Guanglu , Feng Yue , Zheng James Q. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThe selective RNA‐binding protein Quaking I (QKI) has previously been implicated in RNA localization and stabilization, alternative splicing, cell proliferation, and differentiation. The spontaneously‐occurring quakingviable (qkv) mutant mouse exhibits a sharply attenuated level of QKI in myelin‐producing cells, including oligodendrocytes (OL) because of the loss of an OL‐specific promoter. The disruption of QKI in OLs results in severe hypomyelination of the central nervous system, but the underlying cellular mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we used the qkv mutant mouse as a model to study myelination defects in the cerebellum. We found that oligodendroglial development and myelination are adversely affected in the cerebellum of qkv mice. Specifically, we identified an increase in the total number of oligodendroglial precursor cells in qkv cerebella, a substantial portion of which migrated into the grey matter. Furthermore, these mislocalized oligodendroglial precursor cells retained their migratory morphology late into development. Interestingly, a number of these presumptive oligodendrocyte precursors were found at the Purkinje cell layer in qkv cerebella, resembling Bergman glia. These findings indicate that QKI is involved in multiple aspects of oligodendroglial development. QKI disruption can impact the cell fate of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, their migration and differentiation, and ultimately myelination in the cerebellum. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 76: 972–982, 2016
Same school, different conduct: rates of multiple paternity vary within a mixed‐species breeding school of semi‐pelagic cichlid fish (Cyprichromisspp.)
Authors: Anderson Caleb , Werdenig Alexandra , Koblmüller Stephan , Sefc Kristina M. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractMating system variability is known to exist between and within species, often due to environmental influences. An open question is whether, vice versa, similar environmental conditions entail congruent mating behavior, for example in terms of multiple paternity, in species or populations sharing largely comparable breeding modes. This study employed microsatellite markers to investigate the incidence of multiple paternity inCyprichromis coloratusandCyprichromis leptosoma, two sympatric, closely related, mouthbroodingLakeTanganyika cichlids with similar ecological and behavioral characteristics including the formation of open‐water schools. Mouthbrooding females of both species were collected from the same mixed‐species breeding school at the same time, minimizing environmental variation during courtship and mating. InC. coloratus, four of 12 broods had more than one sire, with a mean of 1.33 reconstructed sires per brood.C. leptosomaexhibited multiple paternity in 18 of 22 broods, with a mean of 2.59 or 2.86 reconstructed sires per brood according to the programsgerudandcolony, respectively. In addition, two broods were found to contain offspring transplanted from another brood. There was no significant difference in brood size between species, but mean sire number did differ significantly. Hence, substantial similarity in reproductive behavior along with shared environmental conditions during courtship and spawning did not lead to equal rates of polyandry or sneaking in the two species.
Longer wings for faster springs – wing length relates to spring phenology in a long‐distance migrant across its range
Authors: Hahn Steffen , Korner‐Nievergelt Fränzi , Emmenegger Tamara , Amrhein Valentin , Csörgő Tibor , Gursoy Arzu , Ilieva Mihaela , Kverek Pavel , Pérez‐Tris Javier , Pirrello Simone , Zehtindjiev Pavel , Salewski Volker 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn migratory birds, morphological adaptations for efficient migratory flight often oppose morphological adaptations for efficient behavior during resident periods. This includes adaptations in wing shape for either flying long distances or foraging in the vegetation and in climate‐driven variation of body size. In addition, the timing of migratory flights and particularly the timely arrival at local breeding sites is crucial because fitness prospects depend on site‐specific phenology. Thus, adaptations for efficient long‐distance flights might be also related to conditions at destination areas. For an obligatory long‐distance migrant, the common nightingale, we verified that wing length as the aerodynamically important trait, but not structural body size increased from the western to the eastern parts of the species range. In contrast with expectation from aerodynamic theory, however, wing length did not increase with increasing migration distances. Instead, wing length was associated with the phenology at breeding destinations, namely the speed of local spring green‐up. We argue that longer wings are beneficial for adjusting migration speed to local conditions for birds breeding in habitats with fast spring green‐up and thus short optimal arrival periods. We suggest that the speed of spring green‐up at breeding sites is a fundamental variable determining the timing of migration that fine tune phenotypes in migrants across their range.
Cocoa flavanols reduce N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: De Palma Rodney , Sotto Imelda , Wood Elizabeth G. , Khan Noorafza Q. , Butler Jane , Johnston Atholl , Rothman Martin T. , Corder Roger 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAimsPoor prognosis in chronic heart failure (HF) is linked to endothelial dysfunction for which there is no specific treatment currently available. Previous studies have shown reproducible improvements in endothelial function with cocoa flavanols, but the clinical benefit of this effect in chronic HF has yet to be determined. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the potential therapeutic value of a high dose of cocoa flavanols in patients with chronic HF, by using reductions in N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) as an index of improved cardiac function.Methods and resultsThirty‐two patients with chronic HF, stable on guideline‐directed medical therapy, were randomized to consume 50 g/day of high‐flavanol dark chocolate (HFDC; 1064 mg of flavanols/day) or low‐flavanol dark chocolate (LFDC; 88 mg of flavanols/day) for 4 weeks and then crossed over to consume the alternative dark chocolate for a further 4 weeks. Twenty‐four patients completed the study. After 4 weeks of HFDC, NT‐proBNP (mean decrease % ± standard deviation) was significantly reduced compared with baseline (−44 ± 69%), LFDC (−33 ± 72%), and follow‐up (−41 ± 77%) values. HFDC also reduced diastolic blood pressure compared with values after LFDC (−6.7 ± 10.1 mmHg).ConclusionsReductions in blood pressure and NT‐proBNP after HFDC indicate decreased vascular resistance resulting in reduced left ventricular afterload. These effects warrant further investigation in patients with chronic HF.
Alpha‐methylacyl‐CoA racemase deletion has mutually counteracting effects on T‐cell responses, associated with unchanged course of EAE
Authors: Tafferner Nadja , Barthelmes Julia , Eberle Max , Ulshöfer Thomas , Henke Marina , deBruin Natasja , Mayer Christoph A. , Foerch Christian , Geisslinger Gerd , Parnham Michael J. , Schiffmann Susanne 
Published: December 2015

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Altering the metabolism of immune cells is an attractive strategy to modify their activity during autoimmunity in MS. We investigated the effect of modulating fatty acid metabolism in an animal model of MS, EAE. Alpha‐methylacyl‐CoA racemase (AMACR) converts R‐configuration branched fatty acids into the S‐configuration, thereby preparing them for β‐oxidation. We observed a significant, disease‐dependent elevation of AMACR expression in monocytes and T cells from blood, draining lymph nodes and spleen of EAE mice during the preclinical phase. In vitro analysis revealed that the proliferation of T cells was inhibited in AMACR KO mice, but T‐cell polarization was switched toward a pathogenic state involving the production of more IFN‐γ and IL‐17, but less IL‐4. These opposing effects appeared to cancel out each other in vivo, because AMACR KO EAE mice showed a marginal increase in the severity of early clinical symptoms. AMACR was not regulated in the white blood cells of MS patients. Our data show that AMACR is regulated in immune cells during EAE, but it is not a suitable target for the treatment of MS due to its opposing effects.
Bad‐Metal‐Layered Sulfide Oxide CsV2S2O
Authors: Valldor Martin , Merz Patrick , Prots Yurii , Schnelle Walter 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThrough a solid‐state reaction between stoichiometric amounts of a mixed cesium oxide Cs2O1.3, VS, S, and V2O5, a polycrystalline powder of CsV2S2O was obtained. Small single crystals could be grown in a CsCl melt by allowing Cs2SO4, V metal and S powders to react. The crystals have a plate‐like morphology, consistent with the tetragonal crystal‐structure symmetry [P4/mmm, a = 3.9455(1), c = 7.4785(1) Å]. Magnetic measurements suggest that CsV2S2O is a temperature‐independent paramagnet, and resistivity data concur with a bad metal. The mixed oxidation state of V on one crystallographic site offers a tentative explanation of the electronic properties of the title compound.
A Vanadium Chalcogenide Dicubane
Authors: Li Tianyang , Baum Zachary J. , Goldberger Joshua E. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe discovery of novel transition metal cubane clusters with different electron counts and topologies is of considerable importance due to the prevalence of this structure type in catalytic proteins. Here, we report the solvothermal synthesis and full characterization of [V7S8Cl2(en)8]Cl4 (en = ethylenediamine), the first early transition metal dicubane cluster. Electron paramagnetic resonance and magnetic susceptibility measurements show that the cluster has one unpaired electron localized on a single V4+, which according to DFT simulations is the central bridging vanadium. The remaining V3+ atoms feature significant metal–metal bonding.
Synthesis of 5‐Substituted 1,2,3‐Triazolyl‐4‐phosphonate through Cross‐Coupling Reactions of 5‐Iodo‐1,2,3‐triazolyl‐4‐phosphonate
Authors: Thiery Emilie , You Vanny , Mora Anne‐Sophie , Abarbri Mohamed 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTwo methods for the preparation of 5‐iodo‐1,2,3‐triazolyl‐4‐phosphonate were explored. This compound was then functionalized by Suzuki and Stille cross‐coupling reaction to obtain 5‐aryl‐, 5‐heteroaryl‐ or 5‐alkenyl‐1,2,3‐triazolyl‐4‐phosphonates.
Social identities promote well‐being because they satisfy global psychological needs
Authors: Greenaway Katharine H. , Cruwys Tegan , Haslam S. Alexander , Jetten Jolanda 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSocial identities are known to improve well‐being, but why is this? We argue that this is because they satisfy basic psychological needs, specifically, the need to belong, the need for self‐esteem, the need for control and the need for meaningful existence. A longitudinal study (N = 70) revealed that gain in identity strength was associated with increased need satisfaction over 7 months. A cross‐sectional study (N = 146) revealed that social identity gain and social identity loss predicted increased and reduced need satisfaction, respectively. Finally, an experiment (N = 300) showed that, relative to a control condition, social identity gain increased need satisfaction and social identity loss decreased it. Need satisfaction mediated the relationship between social identities and depression in all studies. Sensitivity analyses suggested that social identities satisfy psychological needs in a global sense, rather than being reducible to one particular need. These findings shed new light on the mechanisms through which social identities enhance well‐being.
Oxidation of Flavonols in an Electrochemical Flow Cell Coupled Online with ESI‐MS
Authors: Kummer Sina , Ruth Wolfgang , Kragl Udo 
Published: December 2015

AbstractFlavonols, a class of flavonoids, are jointly responsible for antioxidant activities as free radical acceptors in flowers, fruits and vegetables. Due to their electroactive behaviour, the oxidation of chrysin, flavonol, kaempferol, morin, quercetin and myricetin in methanol was performed in an electrochemical flow cell with glassy carbon as the working electrode. This flow cell was coupled online with electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry to identify the possible oxidation products. Based on these experiments, it was concluded that when certain structural requirement are present, the initial electrode reaction of flavonols involves an electron delivery electrochemical step followed by a chemical step via methanol addition. The redox activity of the selected species explains the number of observed multiple methoxylation. Moreover, we identified a second two‐electron, two‐proton oxidation of the formed oxidation products of quercetin and myricetin for the first time.