bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of daily average downward shortwave radiation from MODIS data using principal components regression method: Fars province case study
Authors: Barzin Razieh , Shirvani Amin , Lotfi Hossein 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Downward shortwave radiation is a key quantity in the land-atmosphere interaction. Since the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer data has a coarse temporal resolution, which is not suitable for estimating daily average radiation, many efforts have been undertaken to estimate instantaneous solar radiation using moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer data. In this study, the principal components analysis technique was applied to capture the information of moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer bands, extraterrestrial radiation, aerosol optical depth, and atmospheric water vapour. A regression model based on the principal components was used to estimate daily average shortwave radiation for ten synoptic stations in the Fars province, Iran, for the period 2009-2012. The Durbin-Watson statistic and autocorrelation function of the residuals of the fitted principal components regression model indicated that the residuals were serially independent. The results indicated that the fitted principal components regression models accounted for about 86-96% of total variance of the observed shortwave radiation values and the root mean square error was about 0.9-2.04 MJ m−2 d−1. Also, the results indicated that the model accuracy decreased as the aerosol optical depth increased and extraterrestrial radiation was the most important predictor variable among all.
Effect of different drying methods on the composition of steviol glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves
Authors: Aranda-González Irma , Betancur-Ancona David , Chel-Guerrero Luis , Moguel-Ordóñez Yolanda 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Drying techniques can modify the composition of certain plant compounds. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the effect of different drying methods on steviol glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves. Four different drying methods were applied to Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves, which were then subjected to aqueous extraction. Radiation or convection drying was performed in stoves at 60°C, whereas shade or sun drying methods were applied at 29.7°C and 70% of relative humidity. Stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside B, rebaudioside C, rebaudioside D, dulcoside A, and steviolbioside were quantified by a validated HPLC method. Among steviol glycosides, the content (g 100 g−1 dry basis) of stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside B, and rebaudioside C varied according to the drying method. The total glycoside content was higher in sun-dried samples, with no significant differences compared to shade or convection drying, whereas radiation drying adversely affected the content of rebaudioside A and rebaudioside C (p <0.01) and was therefore a method lowering total glycoside content. The effect of the different drying methods was also reflected in the proportion of the sweetener profile. Convection drying could be suitable for modern food processing industries while shadow or sun drying may be a low-cost alternative for farmers.
Vertical electrical resistivity sounding (VERS) of tundra and forest tundra soils of Yamal region
Authors: Alekseev Ivan , Kostecki Jakub , Abakumov Evgeny 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine electrical resistivity peculiarities of tundra and forest tundra soils and soil-permafrost layers of the Yamal region. Measurements of electrical resistivity of soil and permafrost strata were performed with a portable device LandMapper (to a depth of 300-500 cm). These measurements allow determination of the values of apparent electrical resistivity of soils and permafrost at different depths and determination of the depths of the permafrost table on each key plot. It was found that there are several trends in vertical distribution of apparent electrical resistivity values. The first trend is a monotonous increase in electrical resistivity values to the depth. It may be explained by the increasing electrical resistivity within the soil depth in relation to the increase in permafrost density. The second trend is a sharp decrease replaced by a gradual increase in electrical resistivity values caused by changing of non-frozen friable debris to frozen massive crystalline rock. These differences were related to the type of landscape: flat lowlands composed of friable grounds underlain by permafrost or friable grounds with permafrost underlain by a rock crystalline layer.
When Solomon met Solomon: A Medieval Hebrew Bible in Victorian Cambridge
Authors: Dunkelgrün Theodor 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn the Spring of 1869, the Cambridge University Library acquired a medieval Hebrew Bible, first written in 13th-century Spain and decorated and annotated by various hands in subsequent centuries. The manuscript contains what many consider the earliest record of a Jewish reader of Christian chapter divisions of the OT. This article uncovers the story of that manuscript’s discovery by Solomon Marcus Schiller-Szinessy (1820–1890), the first practicing Jew formally appointed to an academic position at that university. It studies Schiller-Szinessy’s published and unpublished descriptions of the manuscript, and it reconstructs his understanding of its history of transmission and reception. It places this story in the distinct but connected contexts of Victorian interests in Rabbinics and in the Massorah, Henry Bradshaw’s renewal of the Cambridge University Library, the development of bibliography as a genre of historical scholarship in theWissenschaft des Judentums, and the late 19th-century understanding of distinct medieval and early modern chapters in the history of Jewish and Christian biblical traditions, their transmission, reception, mutual encounter and critical study. Finally, the essay takes this case study to reflect on the effect of Jewish emancipation on the academic study of the Hebrew Bible.
Johannes Dietenberger and his Counter-Reformation German Bible
Authors: Fischer Roman , Moger Jourden Travis 
Published: February 2017

AbstractJohannes Dietenberger (ca. 1475–1537), native of Frankfurt am Main, university-trained Doctor of Theology, and Dominican friar, served as prior in Frankfurt and Koblenz during the 1525 Urban Revolt of the German Peasants’ War and the early Protestant Reformation, respectively. Like Martin Luther, Dietenberger translated the Bible into the vernacular German after consulting recently published Greek and Hebrew biblical texts; however, unlike Luther he produced a translation that remained true to the Latin Vulgate and the traditional teachings of the Catholic Church. Dietenberger aimed to counter those parts of Luther’s translation which contradicted Catholic tradition, and at the same time to provide a translation whose language was less coarse and offensive. Still, there were more commonalities between the translations of Luther and Dietenberger than earlier research in controversial theology assumed. Overshadowed by the famous Wittenberg reformer and slandered by polemical Protestant scholarship of previous centuries, Dietenberger and his Bible translation have never received the scholarly attention they deserve. This article represents an attempt to correct the oversight.
Oxidative Stress Markers in GnRH AgonistaAnd Antagonist Protocols in IVF
Authors: Tulić Lidija , Vidaković Snežana , Tulić Ivan , Ćurčić Marijana , Stojnić Jelena , Jeremić Katarina 
Published: February 2017

SummaryBackground: Our aim was to study the effect of GnRH agonist and antagonist protocols of ovarian stimulation on oxidative stress parameters in serum and the influence of oxidative stress parameters change on the outcome of IVF cycles.Methods: This prospective study included 82 patients who un der went IVF procedures. We determined SOD, MDA and SH groups in serum. Serum samples were obtained between the second and fourth day of the cycle and on the day of HCG administration during ovarian stimulation.Results: Patients were divided into two groups depending on the protocol of stimulation. The mean total and mature oocytes number and number of fertilized oocytes were higher in GnRH agonist group. There was no significant difference in biochemical pregnancy, miscarriage and live -birth rate in both groups. Mean serum SOD was significantly lower, while mean serum MDA and SH groups were significantly higher after ovarian stimulation. Delivery rate was higher in patients without OS while miscarriage rate was higher in patients with OS.Conclusions: Our study confirmed that there is a difference in the concentration of oxidative stress parameters before and after ovarian stimulation. IVF outcome is better in patients without OS after ovarian stimulation. However, the protocol of ovarian stimulation is neither associated with a change in oxidative stress parameters nor with the outcome of ART procedures.
Violence before pregnancy and the risk of violence during pregnancy
Authors: Globevnik Velikonja Vislava , Lučovnik Miha , Premru Sršen Tanja , Leskošek Vesna , Krajnc Megie , Pavše Lucija , Verdenik Ivan , Tul Natasa , Blickstein Isaac 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Objective:
To investigate the relationships among different forms of violence before and during pregnancy.

Material and methods:
An anonymous questionnaire (adapted NorAQ) was given to 1269 women after childbirth.

Results:
The response rate was 80% (n=1018). Different forms of violence were experienced by 46.9% of the women; 9.2% reported violence in pregnancy. Suffering from the consequences of violence was reported by 43.8% of the women; sexual (76.6%) and psychological (54.1%) ranked the highest. Past experience of any form of violence increased the risk of violence in pregnancy, violences experienced in adulthood even more than that in childhood [odds ratio (OR) 4.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.7–6.5 vs. OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2–2.9]. The onset of violence during pregnancy is rare. Violence was most frequently exerted by the intimate partner.

Conclusion:
Healthcare systems have access to most women of reproductive age, thus they have the unique opportunity to identify and adequately manage violence against women and its consequences.
Der zlog-Wert als Basis für die Standardisierung von Laborwerten
Authors: Hoffmann Georg , Klawonn Frank , Lichtinghagen Ralf , Orth Matthias 
Published: February 2017

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Im Zuge des deutschen E-Health-Gesetzes von 2016 wurde die DGKL aufgefordert, Vorschläge für die standardisierte Speicherung und Übermittlung von Labordaten zu erarbeiten. Wir schlagen dafür die in der Statistik weit verbreitete z-Transformation vor.

Methoden
Man erhält mit diesem Verfahren einen Relativwert, der angibt, um wie viele Standardabweichungen ein Messwert vom Mittelwert des Referenzkollektivs abweicht. Anhand realer Daten belegen wir die Annahme, dass die Werte gesunder Referenzpersonen durch logarithmische Transformation einer Normalverteilung angenähert werden können.

Ergebnisse
Kennt man somit die Unter- und Obergrenze UG und OG des Referenzintervalls, so kann man jedes Laborergebnis mit folgender Gleichung transformieren:

zlog
=
(log(x)
–

(log(UG)
+
log(OG))/2)
⋅
3,92/(log(OG)

–

log(UG))

$\eqalign{
& {\rm{zlog}} = {\rm{(log(x)}}-{\bf{ }}{\rm{(log(UG)}} + {\rm{log(OG))/2)}} \cdot {\rm{3,92/(log(OG)}} \cr
& & -{\bf{ }}{\rm{log(UG))}} \cr} $

Der zlog-Wert ist leicht interpretierbar: Sein Referenzintervall liegt methodenunabhängig stets zwischen –1,96 und +1,96; stark erniedrigte oder erhöhte Laborergebnisse führen zu zlog-Werten um –5 bzw. +5. Für eine intuitive Befunddarstellung kann man zlog-Werte auch in eine kontinuierliche Farbskala, z. B. von Blau über Weiß bis Orange umrechnen.
Mithilfe der Umkehrfunktion lässt sich aus dem zlog-Wert auch das theoretische Resultat einer Messmethode mit einem anderen Referenzintervall berechnen:

x
=

UG

0
,
5

−

zlog
/
3
,
92

⋅

OG

0
,
5

+

zlog
/
3
,
92

${\rm{x}} = {\rm{U}}{{\rm{G}}^{0,5{\bf{ }} - {\bf{ }}{\rm{zlog}}/3,92}} \cdot {\rm{O}}{{\rm{G}}^{0,5{\bf{ }} + {\bf{ }}{\rm{zlog}}/3,92}}$

Schlussfolgerung
Unser Standardisierungsvorschlag ist ein leicht realisierbarer und effektiver Beitrag zur Verbesserung der Datenqualität und Patientensicherheit im Rahmen des E-Health-Gesetzes. Es wird gefordert, dass alle Labore künftig zusätzlich zum Originalwert den zlog-Wert zur Verfügung stellen und dass in die Protokolle für die elektronische Labordatenübertragung (HL7, LDT) ein eigenes Feld für diesen zusätzlichen Wert eingefügt wird.
Southern right whales (Eubalaena australis) off Torres, Brazil: group characteristics, movements, and insights into the role of the Brazilian-Uruguayan wintering ground
Authors: Danilewicz Daniel , Moreno Ignacio B. , Tavares Maurício , Sucunza Federico 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The southern right whale (SRW), Eubalaena australis, was heavily depleted by the whaling in the Southern Hemisphere. In the southwestern Atlantic, studies on SRWs have been concentrated in two main breeding grounds: Península Valdés, Argentina (~42°′S) and Santa Catarina (SC) State, Brazil (~28°′S). To better understand the ecology of SRWs in the region located between these breeding grounds, shore-based surveys were carried out off Torres (29°19′S, 49°43′W), Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Whales were observed in the area between July and October with peaks in August and September. Group sizes were relatively small (x̅=1.6; range=1–3). Distribution in relation to distance from the coast varied from 0.5 to 8.9 km (median=1.9 km). Unlike in other areas, mother-calf pairs were not observed to occur in shallower waters more often than unaccompanied whales. Mother-calf pairs presented northbound movements to SC more frequently than unaccompanied whales. A comparison of the present data with those from Uruguay and SC revealed that SRWs of different gender/reproductive status may use distinctively the eastern coast of South America. Within these regions, the proportion of mother-calf pairs increases progressively as latitude decreases (from 8% in Uruguay to 58.5% in SC), while the proportion of unaccompanied SRWs presents an opposite trend. This study indicates that RS is an important area for reproduction of SRWs because the three phases (birth, nursing, and mating) proposed for a breeding ground occur there.
Bats found entangled in natural and artificial traps
Authors: Jacomassa Fábio André Facco , Pacheco Susi Missel , Miranda João Marcelo Deliberador , de Oliveira Kleber Pinto Antunes 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Here, we report cases of bats entangled in natural and artificial traps in Brazil. We found 10 bats entangled in barbed wire, including one Artibeus fimbriatus (dead), one each of Artibeus lituratus, Lasiurus blossevillii and Lasiurus cinereus (alive), one L. blossevilli and five Myotis levis (mummified) and one Eptesicus diminutus entangled on adhesive spines in a branch. All were adult bats. Although we cannot control the occurrence of natural traps, we can suggest actions to mitigate negative effects of man-made structures. The most economic and effective way to mitigate these negative effects is to use plain wire to construct fences.
Crystal structure of 4-bromobenzyl (Z)-N′-(adamantan-1-yl)-4-phenylpiperazine-1-carbothioimidate, C28H34BrN3S
Authors: Al-Wahaibi Lamya H. , Hassan Hanan M. , Abo-Kamar Amal M. , Ghabbour Hazem A. , El-Emam Ali A. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
C28H34BrN3S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.4529(8) Å, b = 11.8724(10) Å, c = 21.3800(19) Å, β = 101.864(3)°, V = 2596.6(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.060, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.148, T = 296(2).
Television Textuality
Authors: Bolin Göran 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe article discusses the production of live television formats, as they have developed in Europe during the past decade. The analytical examples are taken from entertainment as well as factual television, and from public service as well as commercial contexts. In the article, it is argued that there has been an approximation between the textual features and generic and narrative structures of entertainment and factual live television, and a model is presented that is supposed to account for these narrative patterns.
Cameroonians in Oslo, Diaspora, and Uses of the Media
Authors: Mainsah Henry 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn this study a series of in-depth interviews were conducted with Cameroonians living in Oslo in order to analyze the role of media in the way they constructed their identities. The article showed how through the use of email and Cameroonian websites transnational social networks were strengthened, and ethnic identities were maintained. It examined the role of public discourse in the host country’s mass media in the way Cameroonians negotiated their relationship with the host country. It also showed how the popularity of Anglo-American audiovisual products indicated a willingness to embrace global popular culture. This article’s main argument was that the construction of diasporic identities involved a multi-directional gaze; looking inward to the local context of the host country, backwards to the home country, and all around to the global context, and that the media played a major role in all these processes.
Transatlantic Perspectives on the U.S. 2004 Election
Authors: Nitz Michael , Ihlen Øyvind , Egge Jessyna , Sobolik Stacy 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe U.S. Presidential election of 2004 was an exciting reprise of the 2000 election and was closely watched by numerous observers across the world. The election held significant ramifications for world issues such as the war in Iraq and the war on terror. Norwegian media in particular followed the election with great interest. The strong social and familial bond between Norwegians and Americans was a foundation for an interest in the role that social issues such as abortion, gay marriage, and religion played in the campaign. This article was an exploratory case study based on data from three major Norwegian newspapers. The article used framing theory as a tool to examine the way in which these newspapers covered the 2004 U.S. Presidential election. A key focus was the importance and influence of culture in this framing process. Results are presented and implications for the role of framing theory in international contexts are discussed.
Wikipedia – Free and Reliable?
Authors: Mattus Maria 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Wikipedia is a multilingual, Internet-based, free, wiki-encyclopaedia that is created by its own users.
The aim of the present article is to let users’ descriptions of their impressions and experiences of Wikipedia increase our understanding of the function and dynamics of this collaboratively shaped wiki-encyclopaedia.
Qualitative, structured interviews concerning users, and the creation and use of Wikipedia were carried out via e-mail with six male respondents – administrators at the Swedish Wikipedia – during September and October, 2006.
The results focus on the following themes: I. Passive and active users; II. Formal and informal tasks; III. Common and personal visions; IV. Working together; V. The origins and creation of articles; VI. Contents and quality; VII. Decisions and interventions; VIII. Encyclopaedic ambitions.
The discussion deals with the approach of this encyclopaedic phenomenon, focusing on its “unfinishedness”, its development in different directions, and the social regulation that is implied and involved. Wikipedia is a product of our time, having a powerful vision and engagement, and it should therefore be interpreted and considered on its own terms.
Sweetening the Deal
Authors: Gaustad Terje 
Published: February 2017

AbstractVarious forms of public funding are used to encourage national film production, and one important quality of such funding is its ability to attract complementary private financing and thus maximize the resources available for national film. When the Norwegian government restructured its film support system in 2001, it was an explicit goal to attract more private investments into national films. Yet three years later, the government observed that while many national films now could show a healthy return on their private capital of more than 50 percent, there seemed to be a notable lack of participation from the traditional investment community in the financing of these films. The present article explores the economic reasons for the lack of involvement by applying project financing and transaction cost perspectives to a microanalysis of the financing and performance of all Norwegian films released theatrically in 2005.
Macroeconomic Determinants of Shadow Banking – Evidence from EU Countries
Authors: Barbu Teodora Cristina , Boitan Iustina Alina , Cioaca Sorin Iulian 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Shadow banking is a topical, debated issue on the agenda of national and European macro-prudential regulatory and supervisory authorities. It is generally accepted that shadow banks and the traditional banking system have some core functions in common, such as credit and maturity transformation, and the exposure to similar risks. However, the tight banking regulations and the decreasing trend recorded by interest rates in the post-crisis period create prospects for shadow banking sector growth. Against this background, the present paper aims at investigating the particular impact that shadow banking activity exerts on macroeconomic fundamentals. The analysis covers 15 European Union countries, including Romania, during the period 2008 – 2015, using quarterly data. Shadow banking system is used as a proxy by monetary funds, due to breaks in the series or unbalanced number of observations across selected countries. By employing panel regression, it was found that the shadow banking total assets’ variation is negatively influenced by the GDP growth, short term interest rates, M2/GDP ratio and the ratio of investment funds’ assets in GDP, and positively determined by stock index dynamics and long term interest rates. The findings sustain the literature’s point of view
The Impact of Leverage on Firm Growth. Empirical Evidence from Romanian Listed Firms
Authors: Anton Sorin Gabriel 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to assess the impact of leverage on firm growth in periods of economic growth and economic uncertainty. We employ a sample of Romanian listed firms over the period 2001-2011 and several alternative measures for firm growth (i.e. sales growth, assets growth, and employment growth). The results of fixed effects regression model show that the leverage has a positive effect on firm growth. Furthermore, profitability was found to positively influence the firm growth, while older firms saw a faster increase in assets and sales. Within this particular sample, firm size appears to constrain growth.
Examining the Influence of Some Macroeconomic Factors on Foreign Direct Investments
Authors: Țaran Alina , Mironiuc Marilena , Huian Maria-Carmen 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to study the determinants of inward foreign direct investments (FDI) at a multi-regional and European level, while focusing on a series of macroeconomic factors, in the FDI receiving countries. Multiple regression analysis and ANOVA analysis of variance are applied. Findings show that the degree of economic freedom is a significant factor of multi-regional inward FDI during the period 2012-2015, but this effect is caused only fiscal freedom, government spending, monetary, trade, and financial freedom. For the more economically and politically stable European countries, the level of economic freedom does not influence their inward FDI. At the same time, market size and level of economic development of the host countries have a positive influence on FDI inflows, while financial markets development, workforce availability and adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are not significant determinants.