bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CT and SPECT image fusion using external fiducial markers for detection of the sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer
Authors: Haramiishi Kei , Nakamura Shinya , Tsuchiya Tomoaki , Fukui Atsushi , Matsuyama Midori , Mochizuki Mamoru , Fukuchi Kazuki 
Published: April 2017

Object: Hybrid single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography, which is recently developed, is useful for the sentinel node (SN) mapping in patients with breast cancer. However, this expensive new technology is only available at limited hospitals. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of software-based computed tomography (CT) and single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) image fusion using external fiducial markers for visualization of SNs in breast cancer.Methods: Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy using 99mTc-phytate colloid was performed in 70 consecutive patients (mean age, 55.3 ± 11.8). Continually, SPECT and low-dose chest CT were performed using an 241Am-containing button as an external fiducial marker attached to the skin surface of the patient’s chest wall. The acquired SPECT and CT images were rescaled, interpolated, reformatted, and registered point-by-point on a workstation.Results: SPECT detected SN sites, including axillar (n = 96) and internal mammary lesions (n = 7). On fused images, precise overlap of hot spots shown at the corresponding lymph nodes on CT images was achieved in all but 2 cases. In cases with axillar lesions, rendering the fused images into 3D volumes with accentuation of the pectoralis minor muscle was helpful for diagnosis of SN locations in level II (n = 10). After surgery, all nodes were depicted as “hot nodes” on fused images, and 14 metastatic nodes were confirmed by histological examination.Conclusions: External fiducial-based coregistration of SPECT lymphoscintigraphic and CT images depicted the precise location of SN drainage and may provide useful information for preoperative planning, without the need for hybrid SPECT/CT.
The Use of Grid 10 x 10 in Learning The Percent
Authors: Ningsih Siska , Putri Ratu Ilma Indra , Susanti Ely 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The percent symbol is often used in a variety of media in daily life. Students have difficulty in solving the problems dealing with percentage, even though they know little about percent. Therefore, this research was aimed to obtain learning trajectory percentage using grid 10 x 10 by Pendidikan Matematika Realistik Indonesia (PMRI) approach and find out the role of grid 10 x 10 in helping students to comprehend the percentage problem. The method of this study was design research type validation studies which were aimed to prove the learning theories. Research design consisted of three phases, those are preliminary, experiment design, and retrospective analysis. This research was conducted in SD negeri 3 OKU by involving fifth grade students. The data of this research was collected by using video, documentation, pre-test, the students’ activity sheets, posttest, and interview. The data were analyzed qualitatively. The result of this research showed that the learning trajectory which was designed consists of three activities which every activity is divided into two and grid 10 x 10 has a role in percentage learning.
Importance of Poverty Levels in Regime Change
Authors: Aguilar Kristobal Miguel Meléndez 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The wave of democratization of the Nineties may be coming to an end, non democratic regimes are becoming attractive because they have had better performance. Venezuela, Ecuador, Bangladesh, Thailand, Pakistan, Gambia, Madagascar and Mozambique are countries that were democratic in 1990, but they already had other type of regime in 2010. Through analysing economic variables, non democratic countries had had lower inequality levels, higher rates of economic growth, but higher poverty levels. Through analysing political variables, democratic countries had had higher polarization levels from 1990 to 2010. Through analysing democratic countries that changed their regime from 1990 to 2010 and through analysing changes in some economic, political and social variables, it was found that the polarization levels were relevant for changing regime from 1990 to 2000, while poverty levels were relevant for changing regime from 2000 to 2010. This hypothesis is supported with six statistical models that use ivprobit. As conclusion, democratic countries that do not reduce poverty levels may be at risk of change regime.
Les symptômes et les troubles intériorisés chez les jeunes contrevenants associés aux gangs de rue
Authors: Morin Claudia , Laurier Catherine , Simard Valérie 
Published: April 2017

Plusieurs études ont exploré la délinquance perpétrée par les jeunes contrevenants associés aux gangs de rue. Néanmoins, peu de recherches se sont intéressées à l’ajustement psychologique de ces jeunes. La présente étude a donc pour but de comparer le nombre de symptômes et de troubles intériorisés entre les jeunes contrevenants associés aux gangs de rue (n = 41/103) et ceux qui n’y sont pas associés (n = 62/103) et d’évaluer si l’association aux gangs de rue est liée significativement aux symptômes et aux troubles intériorisés lorsque les effets de l’âge et de la délinquance sont contrôlés. Cette étude s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une recherche effectuée par Laurier, Guay, Lafortune et Toupin (2015). L’échantillon est composé de 103 jeunes contrevenants masculins âgés de 14 à 20 ans. Les jeunes ont été rencontrés à deux reprises afin d’effectuer la passation des questionnaires. Les résultats indiquent que les jeunes associés aux gangs présentent davantage de symptômes de colère-irritabilité et de dépression-anxiété que les jeunes qui n’y sont pas associés. Ils présentent également un plus grand nombre de symptômes intériorisés et ils sont plus nombreux à présenter au moins un trouble anxieux. L’association aux gangs de rue demeure liée aux symptômes de dépression-anxiété et à la présence d’au moins un trouble anxieux lorsque les effets de l’âge et de la délinquance sont contrôlés. Ces résultats soulignent l’importance du dépistage et du traitement des symptômes et des troubles intériorisés chez les jeunes contrevenants, particulièrement chez ceux qui sont associés aux gangs de rue.
Exploration de la validité psychométrique de l’Échelle du Souvenir Maternel de l’Engagement Scolaire (ÉSMES)
Authors: Tardif-Grenier Kristel , Parent Sophie , Archambault Isabelle 
Published: April 2017

Plusieurs variables parentales sont connues pour influencer la réussite scolaire de l’enfant, notamment le niveau de scolarité de la mère. Cette variable nous renseigne toutefois bien peu sur la nature et la qualité de l’expérience scolaire de la mère. Afin de raffiner la compréhension des mécanismes par lesquels le vécu scolaire maternel affecte celui de l’enfant, cette étude menée à partir de données secondaires explore le concept du souvenir maternel de l’expérience scolaire, plus précisément de son engagement scolaire. À cette fin, les auteures ont procédé à la validation exploratoire de l’Échelle du souvenir maternel de l’engagement scolaire (ÉSMES) auprès de 373 mères d’élèves du préscolaire. Les analyses en composantes principales (ACP) suggèrent l’existence de deux dimensions : le souvenir maternel de l’engagement comportemental et le souvenir maternel de l’engagement cognitif. Les résultats indiquent que la mesure présente une bonne validité de construit ainsi qu’une validité prédictive satisfaisante. Cette étude représente un premier pas dans l’étude empirique du souvenir parental de l’engagement scolaire et contribuera à sensibiliser les chercheurs ainsi que les intervenants à l’importance de ce concept.
Quelle histoire!
Authors: Larivée Serge 
Published: April 2017

L’impossible dialogue. Sciences et religions d’Yves Gingras est un ouvrage magistral qui comprend sept chapitres d’inégale longueur. Les chapitres 1 et 2 sont consacrés aux péripéties de l’histoire de Galilée, alors que dans le chapitre 3, l’auteur fait état de l’émergence d’autres sciences qui feront également l’objet de discorde entre la science et la religion. Le chapitre 4 rappelle les nombreux cas de censure d’ouvrages scientifiques et l’opposition de plus en plus organisée de l’Église contre la science dont témoignent les mises à l’Index et l’Inquisition. Les chapitres 5 et 6 plongent le lecteur au coeur même de l’interrogation qui a donné naissance à cet ouvrage : « Comment expliquer le retour en force, depuis les années 1980-1990, de la question des relations entre science et religion et des appels au ‘‘dialogue’’ entre les deux domaines » (p.9). J’insiste ici sur trois éléments, deux abordés par Gingras, soit la notion de miracle et le rôle de la Fondation John Templeton, ainsi qu’un autre dont il ne traite pas, le principe du NOMA (Non-Overlapping Magisteria). Dans le chapitre 7, Gingras fait état de la montée des spiritualités autochtones et des croyances aux médecines traditionnelles dont les défenseurs s’acharnent à faire passer leurs convictions spirituelles et idéologiques avant la recherche scientifique.
Les adolescentes placées en centre de réadaptation : regard sur l’instabilité à travers l’étude de leurs parcours de placements
Authors: Hébert Sophie T. , Lanctôt Nadine 
Published: April 2017

L’instabilité des parcours de placements est surtout étudiée selon le décompte du nombre de placements cumulé par un enfant sur une période donnée. À ce jour, peu d’études ont tenté de comprendre ce problème dans son ensemble, c’est-à-dire de manière contextualisée (Usher, Randolph et Gogan, 1999; Wulczyn, Kogan et Harden, 2003). Cette étude vise précisément cet objectif, soit d’étudier les parcours de placements dans leur entièreté, c’est-à-dire avec leurs multiples caractéristiques. Sachant qu’elles sont davantage à risque d’instabilité, la clientèle féminine est mise sous la loupe. À l’aide d’un échantillon de 315 adolescentes hébergées en centres jeunesse, l’approche centrée sur la personne a permis l’identification de trois parcours de placements au moyen d’analyses de classes latentes : un parcours stable, un parcours d’instabilité relationnelle ainsi qu’un parcours d’instabilité physique. Si une grande majorité des adolescentes (80,65 %) se retrouve dans un parcours relativement stable, un cinquième d’entre elles se retrouve dans un parcours instable, que ce soit au niveau relationnel (13 %) ou sur le plan davantage physique (6,37 %). Cette étude apporte un éclairage nouveau en abordant l’instabilité en placement comme un phénomène multiforme. Il ne s’agit plus de l’instabilité, mais de différentes instabilités qui renvoient à de multiples caractéristiques du parcours de placements. Cette subdivision oriente une discussion sur les implications cliniques, notamment en regard du projet de vie.
Attitudes parentales et traumatisme craniocérébral grave (TCC G) : étude des besoins des parents ayant subi un TCC G
Authors: Michallet Bernard , Hamelin Anouchka 
Published: April 2017

Les séquelles et les impacts du traumatisme craniocérébral grave (TCC G) sur la réalisation des habitudes de vie des personnes qui l’ont subi sont assez bien connus. En revanche, les difficultés et les besoins rencontrés par les parents ayant subi un TCC G à l’égard de leur rôle parental sont peu documentés. Les résultats des études longitudinales sur les séquelles psychologiques, cognitives et comportementales suggèrent que des difficultés pourraient être présentes dans la réalisation du rôle parental des personnes ayant subi un TCC G. Objectif : Cette étude vise à présenter les difficultés et les besoins perçus par ces parents vivant avec les séquelles d’un TCC G, et à décrire les impacts de ces difficultés sur la vie familiale. Méthode : des groupes de réflexion ont été menés auprès de 13 parents ayant subi un TCC G, six proches et huit intervenants. Les données recueillies ont été analysées en utilisant la Démarche réflexive d’analyse en partenariat (DRAP) qui combine des techniques qualitatives et quantitatives. Résultats : devant l’ampleur des besoins identifiés, le soutien, formel et informel, semble nécessaire au fonctionnement familial et à la santé mentale des membres des familles concernées. Un programme de soutien destiné à ces parents et à leurs proches devrait être élaboré.
Earthquake stress via event ratio levels: Application to the 2011 and 2016 Oklahoma seismic sequences
Authors: Walter William R. , Yoo Seung‐Hoon , Mayeda Kevin , Gök Rengin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe develop a new methodology for determining earthquake stress drop and apparent stress values via spectral ratio asymptotic levels. With sufficient bandwidth, the stress ratio for a pair of events can be directly related to these low‐ and high‐frequency levels. This avoids the need to assume a particular spectral model and derive stress drop from cubed corner frequency measures. The method can be applied to spectral ratios for any pair of closely related earthquakes and is particularly well suited for coda envelope methods that provide good azimuthally averaged, point‐source measures. We apply the new method to the 2011 Prague and 2016 Pawnee earthquake sequences in Oklahoma. The sequences show stress scaling with size and depth, with the largest events having apparent stress levels near 1 MPa and smaller and/or shallower events having systematically lower stress values.
Fast and slow shifts of the zonal‐mean intertropical convergence zone in response to an idealized anthropogenic aerosol
Authors: Voigt Aiko , Pincus Robert , Stevens Bjorn , Bony Sandrine , Boucher Olivier , Bellouin Nicolas , Lewinschal Anna , Medeiros Brian , Wang Zhili , Zhang Hua 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPrevious modeling work showed that aerosol can affect the position of the tropical rain belt, i.e., the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). Yet it remains unclear which aspects of the aerosol impact are robust across models, and which are not. Here we present simulations with seven comprehensive atmosphere models that study the fast and slow impacts of an idealized anthropogenic aerosol on the zonal‐mean ITCZ position. The fast impact, which results from aerosol atmospheric heating and land cooling before sea‐surface temperature (SST) has time to respond, causes a northward ITCZ shift. Yet the fast impact is compensated locally by decreased evaporation over the ocean, and a clear northward shift is only found for an unrealistically large aerosol forcing. The local compensation implies that while models differ in atmospheric aerosol heating, this does not contribute to model differences in the ITCZ shift. The slow impact includes the aerosol impact on the ocean surface energy balance and is mediated by SST changes. The slow impact is an order of magnitude more effective than the fast impact and causes a clear southward ITCZ shift for realistic aerosol forcing. Models agree well on the slow ITCZ shift when perturbed with the same SST pattern. However, an energetic analysis suggests that the slow ITCZ shifts would be substantially more model‐dependent in interactive‐SST setups due to model differences in clear‐sky radiative transfer and clouds. We also discuss implications for the representation of aerosol in climate models and attributions of recent observed ITCZ shifts to aerosol.
Continued retreat of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica, controlled by bed topography and ocean circulation
Authors: Seroussi H. , Nakayama Y. , Larour E. , Menemenlis D. , Morlighem M. , Rignot E. , Khazendar A. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe Amundsen Sea sector is experiencing the largest mass loss, glacier acceleration, and grounding line retreat in Antarctica. Enhanced intrusion of Circumpolar Deep Water onto the continental shelf has been proposed as the primary forcing mechanism for the retreat. Here we investigate the dynamics and evolution of Thwaites Glacier with a novel, fully coupled, ice‐ocean numerical model. We obtain a significantly improved agreement with the observed pattern of glacial retreat using the coupled model. Coupled simulations over the coming decades indicate a continued mass loss at a sustained rate. Uncoupled simulations using a depth‐dependent parameterization of sub‐ice‐shelf melt significantly overestimate the rate of grounding line retreat compared to the coupled model, as the parameterization does not capture the complexity of the ocean circulation associated with the formation of confined cavities during the retreat. Bed topography controls the pattern of grounding line retreat, while oceanic thermal forcing impacts the rate of grounding line retreat. The importance of oceanic forcing increases with time as Thwaites grounding line retreats farther inland.
Bed elevation of Jakobshavn Isbræ, West Greenland, from high‐resolution airborne gravity and other data
Authors: An L. , Rignot E. , Elieff S. , Morlighem M. , Millan R. , Mouginot J. , Holland D. M. , Holland D. , Paden J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractJakobshavn Isbræ, West Greenland, which holds a 0.6 m sea level volume equivalent, has been speeding up and retreating since the late 1990s. Interpretation of its retreat has been hindered by difficulties in measuring its ice thickness with airborne radar depth sounders. Here we employ high‐resolution, helicopter‐borne gravity data from 2012 to reconstruct its bed elevation within 50 km of the ocean margin using a three‐dimensional inversion constrained by fjord bathymetry data offshore and a mass conservation algorithm inland. We find the glacier trough to be asymmetric and several 100 m deeper than estimated previously in the lower part. From 1996 to 2016, the grounding line migrated at 0.6 km/yr from 700 m to 1100 m depth. Upstream, the bed drops to 1600 m over 10 km then slowly climbs to 1200 m depth in 40 km. Jakobshavn Isbræ will continue to retreat along a retrograde slope for decades to come.
Regional socioeconomic disparities in outcomes for workers with low back pain in the United States
Authors: Shraim Mujahed , Cifuentes Manuel , Willetts Joanna L. , Marucci‐Wellman Helen R. , Pransky Glenn 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundAlthough regional socioeconomic (SE) factors have been associated with worse health outcomes, prior studies have not addressed important confounders or work disability.MethodsA national sample of 59 360 workers’ compensation (WC) cases to evaluate impact of regional SE factors on medical costs and length of disability (LOD) in occupational low back pain (LBP).ResultsLower neighborhood median household incomes (MHI) and higher state unemployment rates were associated with longer LOD. Medical costs were lower in states with more workers receiving Social Security Disability, and in areas with lower MHI, but this varied in magnitude and direction among neighborhoods. Medical costs were higher in more urban, more racially diverse, and lower education neighborhoods.ConclusionsRegional SE disparities in medical costs and LOD occur even when health insurance, health care availability, and indemnity benefits are similar. Results suggest opportunities to improve care and disability outcomes through targeted health care and disability interventions.
Acetylene as a Driving and Organizing Molecule in One‐Pot Transition‐Metal‐Free Synthesis of Furans using Chalcones and their Analogues
Authors: Trofimov Boris A. , Bidusenko Ivan A. , Schmidt Elena Yu. , Ushakov Igor' A. , Vashchenko Alexander V. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAcetylene reacts with chalcones and their heterocyclic analogues in NaOtBu/DMSO catalytic system (70 °C, 15 min) to afford substituted furans in a yield of up to 85 %, thus providing a simple and technologically feasible access to rare furan compounds.
Do not attempt resuscitation order in Japan
Authors: Nakagawa Yoshihide , Inokuchi Sadaki , Kobayashi Nobuo , Ohkubo Yoshinobu 
Published: April 2017

AimIn Japan, the do not attempt resuscitation (DNAR) order is practised routinely even though no related laws or guidelines exist. This study aimed to clarify the current status of DNAR, reveal existing DNAR‐related issues, and improve the application of DNAR.MethodsA questionnaire survey of medical institutions in Kanagawa Prefecture (total population, 9,120,000) about the current status of DNAR was carried out.ResultsThe results showed that DNAR has been practised at approximately 90% of the hospitals surveyed, but only about 30% have developed in‐hospital DNAR guidelines. Approximately 80% of the hospitals do not involve patients in the decision on their own DNAR orders. Because the DNAR order has not been legislated, it is often unclear whether to resuscitate patients when a request for an ambulance is made for a cardiac arrest at home.ConclusionIt is necessary for prefectures, municipalities, and local medical control authorities to take the initiative in establishing an ordinance on DNAR orders and developing guidelines.
Randomized clinical trial of deep brain stimulation for poststroke pain
Authors: Lempka Scott F. , Malone Donald A. , Hu Bo , Baker Kenneth B. , Wyant Alexandria , Ozinga John G. , Plow Ela B. , Pandya Mayur , Kubu Cynthia S. , Ford Paul J. , Machado Andre G. 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveThe experience with deep brain stimulation (DBS) for pain is largely based on uncontrolled studies targeting the somatosensory pathways, with mixed results. We hypothesized that targeting limbic neural pathways would modulate the affective sphere of pain and alleviate suffering.MethodsWe conducted a prospective, double‐blinded, randomized, placebo‐controlled, crossover study of DBS targeting the ventral striatum/anterior limb of the internal capsule (VS/ALIC) in 10 patients with poststroke pain syndrome. One month after bilateral DBS, patients were randomized to active DBS or sham for 3 months, followed by crossover for another 3‐month period. The primary endpoint was a ≥50% improvement on the Pain Disability Index in 50% of patients with active DBS compared to sham. This 6‐month blinded phase was followed by an 18‐month open stimulation phase.ResultsNine participants completed randomization. Although this trial was negative for its primary and secondary endpoints, we did observe significant differences in multiple outcome measures related to the affective sphere of pain (eg, Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Affective Pain Rating Index of the Short‐Form McGill Pain Questionnaire). Fourteen serious adverse events were recorded and resolved.InterpretationVS/ALIC DBS to modulate the affective sphere of pain represents a paradigm shift in chronic pain management. Although this exploratory study was negative for its primary endpoint, VS/ALIC DBS demonstrated an acceptable safety profile and statistically significant improvements on multiple outcome measures related to the affective sphere of pain. Therefore, we believe these results justify further work on neuromodulation therapies targeting the affective sphere of pain. Ann Neurol 2017;81:653–663
Herstellung und Anwendung von festen, salzstabilisierten Zinkamidenolaten mit verbesserter Luftstabilität
Authors: Chen Yi‐Hung , Ellwart Mario , Toupalas Georgios , Ebe Yusuke , Knochel Paul 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDie Umsetzung von verschiedenen N‐Morpholinamiden mit TMPZnCl⋅LiCl (TMP=2,2,6,6‐Tetramethylpiperidyl) und Mg(OPiv)2 in THF bei 25 °C ergibt nach Entfernen des Lösungsmittels feste Zinkenolate mit verbesserter Stabilität gegenüber Luft und Feuchtigkeit (t1/2 an Luft: 1–3 h). Diese Enolate können in Pd‐ oder Cu‐katalysierten Kreuzkupplungen mit (Hetero)Arylbromiden sowie mit Allyl‐ und Benzylhalogeniden eingesetzt werden. Die arylierten N‐Morpholinamide können in LaCl3⋅2 LiCl‐vermittelten Acylierungen mit Grignard‐Verbindungen in diverse Ketone überführt werden. Diese neuen, festen Enolate wurden des Weiteren verwendet, um einen Anti‐Brustkrebs‐Wirkstoffkandidaten in 6 Stufen und 23 % Gesamtausbeute herzustellen.