bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
South‐South Trade and Geographical Diversification of Intra‐SSA Trade: Evidence from BRICs
Authors: Didier Laurent 
Published: June 2017

AbstractExport performance in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) is low, unlike the other developing regions, with an intra‐regional trade still weak and a trade pattern that remains very concentrated even if some progress seems to appear. Recent findings suggest that South‐South trade allows more improvement in export diversification of developing economies than North‐South trade. We examine the diversification of trading partners and more precisely, to what extent the nature of external trading partners matters for the geographical diversification of intra‐SSA trade. We apply this economic intuition to trade relationships between the BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India, China) and SSA countries in a context of shifting wealth and a trade reorientation for developing economies. We use a theory‐consistent and robust structural gravity model with three different dependent variables (value of bilateral export flows, binary variable for strictly positive export flows, number of export destinations) based on a worldwide database over the period 1948–2012. We attempt to compare the exports of each member of the BRICs to SSA in order to know whether there are different effects on the geographical diversification of intra‐SSA trade. Globally, Chinese exports to SSA have the strongest impact on the geographical diversification of intra‐SSA trade relative to the other BRICs.
Foreign Aid, Governance and Economic Growth in Sub‐Saharan Africa: Does One Cap Fit All?
Authors: Adedokun Adeniyi Jimmy 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) has been receiving foreign aid for many decades; nonetheless, it ranked among the poorest regions in the world. This study revisits the aid effectiveness debate quantitatively by investigating the relationship among foreign aid, governance and economic growth in SSA using more recent data from 1996 to 2012 and testing for heterogeneity in aid recipient countries. Fundamental questions raised in this study are: does aid work the same way in all regions and group of countries in SSA? Do governance and size of aid matter? Employing the system generalized methods of moments (system GMM) technique, results show that foreign aid has an insignificant negative relationship with economic growth in aggregate SSA. However, one cap does not fit all in SSA as heterogeneity across aid recipients has implications for aid effectiveness. Moreover, governance and size of aid complement each other to improve growth in SSA. This study has been able to show quantitatively that a general policy for countries in SSA is not good enough for aid effectiveness; donors should increase the size of aid, and governance in recipient countries must improve. In conclusion, heterogeneity, governance and size of aid matter for aid effectiveness in SSA.
Does FDI Dampen or Magnify Output Growth Volatility in the ECOWAS Region?
Authors: Ajide Kazeem Bello , Osode Oluwanbepelumi Esther 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper investigates whether FDI dampens or magnifies output growth volatility in 11 countries within the ECOWAS region over a period spanning 1980 through 2013. Using a quantile regression approach, our findings show that FDI dampens output growth volatility not across the quintiles but only in countries with high volatility episodes. In essence, FDI does not seem to exert any significant effects on countries with low output volatility experience. Also, in controlling for some country‐specific factors, our result shows the magnifying impacts of such variables like fiscal structure, money growth as well as exchange rates volatilities. Thus, increasing FDI accompanied by a conducive economic environment especially in the most volatile countries is advocated. Furthermore, a duly regulated exchange rate policy coupled with prudent government spending mostly on productive economic activities should be encouraged and implemented to reduce output volatility in the region.
Educational Inequalities between Siblings: Evidence from Six Sub‐Saharan African Countries
Authors: Senghor Hady , Wolff François‐Charles 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper investigates the determinants of educational achievements using household data collected in 2009 and 2010 from six sub‐Saharan African countries. The econometric strategy combines estimation of random effect Probit models and variance decompositions to assess the relative contributions of between‐family and within‐family inequalities in schooling. Whilst the selected countries are rather heterogeneous in terms of economic development and public education expenditures, very similar results are found in five out of the six sub‐Saharan countries. More than two‐thirds of differences in schooling are explained by educational differences between families and within‐household inequalities are very difficult to explain by observed family characteristics.
Determinants of Learning among Primary School Children in Ethiopia: Analysis of Round 2 and 3 of Young Lives Data
Authors: Eigbiremolen God'stime Osekhebhen 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAlthough years of schooling and enrolment rates can be used as measures of educational progress, they are inadequate in explaining children's learning process. This is because the benefits of education are ultimately determined by the skills acquired in school, and not just the number of years spent in education. This paper investigates the determinants of learning among primary school children in Ethiopia using Round 2 and 3 of the unique Young Lives survey data. Using the framework of the education production function, the inherent endogeneity problem is discussed and addressed as much as data permits. Empirical evidence suggests that children in private schools do not learn better than their counterparts in public schools. In addition, household income has little effect on children's learning. This suggests that government‐backed income transfer programmes to low‐income households may not achieve substantial improvement in learning outcomes. Rather, the number of hours spent studying at school may be more relevant in improving children's learning outcomes. Thus, full‐day teaching as against the erstwhile shift teaching system in Ethiopia should be fully implemented and sustained across regions and districts.
Determinants of Poverty Status in Rwanda
Authors: Cho Sunmee , Kim Taeyoon 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis study finds determinants of poverty status using the 2010–11 Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey (EICV3) and suggests policy implications for poverty reduction in Rwanda. Characteristics of households related to poverty status are considered in an ordered probit model and marginal effects are calculated. Policies towards supporting a female household, controlling the birthrate of a household and alleviating regional disparity, especially with a focus on rural areas and the Southern Province will be effective. In addition, supporting farmers who do not own a farm and increasing vocational programmes may be also helpful for poverty reduction in Rwanda. Expanding the land use consolidation programme with a facilitating food market may be beneficial.
The Effects of Trade and Trade Facilitation on Economic Growth in Africa
Authors: Sakyi Daniel , Villaverde José , Maza Adolfo , Bonuedi Isaac 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of trade and trade facilitation on economic growth in Africa. To do so, we measure trade facilitation by means of three indicators, namely trade, export and import related costs, constructed by using principal component analysis. These indicators, in addition to several policy‐relevant variables, are used as exogenous variables to estimate an augmented growth model which, with the aid of a dynamic system GMM estimation technique, properly addresses potential endogeneity concerns. The findings suggest that trade facilitation serves as an important channel through which trade affects economic growth.
Catch Animal Spirits in Auction: Evidence from New Zealand Property Market
Authors: Shi Song , Kabir M. Humayun 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFollowing the animal spirits theory proposed by Akerlof and Shiller, this article contributes to behavior economics by investigating the possibility of using auction sales data to capture evidence of irrational exuberance in the housing market. Using the monthly percentages of residential property auction sales for Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch regions in New Zealand from 2006 to 2015, and the exuberance testing method proposed by Phillips, Shi and Yu, we find that animal spirits have been developing in the Auckland housing market since 2013, but not in other regions. When compared to the results based on price‐to‐rent ratios, auction sales provide more meaningful results for identifying market‐wide irrational exuberance at an early stage. The causality test on price‐to‐rent ratios and auction sales volume shows that asset prices and animal spirits influence each other in the short run. In the long run, prices have significant effect on animal spirits, but not vice versa.
An assessment of interspecific competition between two introduced parasitoids of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) on caged citrus plants
Authors: Vankosky Meghan A. , Hoddle Mark S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTwo parasitoids attacking nymphs of Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) and Diaphorencyrtus aligarhensis (Shafee, Alam & Agarwal) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) are being released in California, USA in a classical biological control program. To evaluate the effect of multiple parasitoid species on D. citri mortality, we conducted mesocosm experiments under controlled conditions using a complete block design with 6 treatments (D. citri nymphs exposed to: no parasitoids; D. aligarhensis or T. radiata alone; D. aligarhensis or T. radiata released first (by 48 h); and both species released simultaneously). Parasitism of D. citri nymphs by T. radiata exceeded 60% and was unchanged when D. aligarhensis were present. Parasitism by D. aligarhensis was greatest when T. radiata was absent (∼28%) and was reduced in all treatments with T. radiata present (<3%). D. citri mortality and parasitoid‐related mortality of D. citri was consistent across parasitoid treatments. Laboratory results suggest that competition between D. aligarhensis and T. radiata is asymmetric and favors T. radiata. It may be difficult for D. aligarhensis to contribute significantly to D. citri biological control where T. radiata is present. However, results reported here suggest that competition between T. radiata and D. aligarhensis is not likely to reduce parasitism by T. radiata or reduce parasitoid‐induced mortality of D. citri.
Strongly positive anti‐CCP antibodies in patients with sacroiliitis or reactive arthritis post‐E. coli infection: A mini case‐series based review
Authors: Singh Sangha Miljyot , Wright Matthew Liam , Ciurtin Coziana 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe report here on four cases of patients with strongly positive anti‐citrullinated cyclic peptides (anti‐CCP) antibodies and clinical features of seronegative spondyloarthritis (SpA) and reactive arthritis. The four patients had various clinical presentations: one had an initial diagnosis of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with involvement of the sacroiliac joints (similar to previous reports of the association of two diseases); one had a clinical picture of reactive arthritis following an episode of an Escherichia coli positive urinary tract infection; and two had asymmetrical sacroiliitis (SII), but no evidence of peripheral joint involvement (never reported before). In all cases, high titers of anti‐CCP antibodies were found. We present a comparison of the clinical manifestations, radiographic features and treatment regimens of these cases. Our report supports previous literature data of possible overlap existing between RA and SpA, but also presents for the first time the association of high titers of anti‐CCP antibodies with SII and reactive arthritis in patients with no peripheral small joint involvement.
Stock price crash risk: review of the empirical literature
Authors: Habib Ahsan , Hasan Mostafa Monzur , Jiang Haiyan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe survey the burgeoning literature on the determinants and consequences of firm‐specific future stock price crash risk. We synthesise a vast body of literature on the determinants of crash risk, identify weaknesses, and offer future research opportunities. We categorise the determinants into: (i) financial reporting and corporate disclosures, (ii) managerial incentives and managerial characteristics, (iii) capital market transactions, (iv) corporate governance mechanisms, and (v) informal institutional mechanisms. Despite a large body of research into the determinants of crash risk, very little research attention has been directed towards understanding the consequences of stock price crash.
Immediate hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine
Authors: Vu Mi , Rajgopal Bala Harini , Cahill Jennifer , Toholka Ryan , Nixon Rosemary 
Published: June 2017

AbstractChlorhexidine is a widely used and effective antiseptic agent. Although skin contact is usually well tolerated, it may cause both immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions. We report a case of immediate hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine causing both skin and respiratory symptoms following occupational exposure to chlorhexidine in a health‐care worker.
Risk of low bone mineral density in testicular germ cell cancer survivors: association with hypogonadism and treatment modality
Authors: Isaksson S. , Bogefors K. , Åkesson K. , Egund L. , Bobjer J. , Leijonhufvud I. , Giwercman A. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThe cure rate of testicular cancer exceeds 95%, but testicular cancer survivors (TCS) are at increased risk of hypogonadism (HG). It has been suggested that TCS have reduced bone mineral density (BMD), but it is unclear whether this is related to HG or a direct effect of cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether TCS have decreased BMD, and if BMD is related to HG and/or the cancer treatment given. We investigated 91 TCS (mean age at diagnosis: 31 years; mean 9.3 years follow‐up) and equal number of age matched controls (mean age at inclusion 40.3 years and 41.2 years, respectively). Total testosterone and LH were measured. BMD was determined using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA). Low BMD (LBD) was defined as Z‐score <−1. Compared to eugonadal TCS, both TCS with untreated HG (mean difference: −0.063 g/cm2; 95% CI: −0.122; −0.004 p = 0.037) and TCS receiving androgen replacement (mean difference −0.085 g/cm2; 95% CI: −0.168; −0.003; p = 0.043) presented with statistically significantly 6–8% lower hip BMD. At the spine, L1–L4, an 8% difference reached the level of statistical significance only for those with untreated HG (mean difference: −0.097 g/cm2; 95% CI: −0.179; −0.014; p = 0.022). TCS with untreated HG had significantly increased OR for spine L1–L4 LBD (OR = 4.1; 95% CI: 1.3; 13; p = 0.020). The associations between the treatment given and BMD were statistically non‐significant, both with and without adjustment for HG. In conclusion, TCS with HG are at increased risk of impaired bone health. Prevention of osteoporosis should be considered as an important part in future follow up of these men.
Changes in arrhythmogenic properties and five‐year prognosis after carbon‐ion radiotherapy in patients with mediastinum cancer
Authors: Amino Mari , Yoshioka Koichiro , Shima Makiyoshi , Okada Tohru , Nakajima Mio , Furusawa Yoshiya , Kanda Shigetaka , Inokuchi Sadaki , Tanabe Teruhisa , Ikari Yuji , Kamada Tadashi 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionCarbon‐ion irradiation of rabbit hearts has improved left ventricular conduction abnormalities through upregulation of gap junctions. However, to date, there has been no investigation on the effect of carbon‐ion irradiation on electrophysiological properties in human. We investigated this effect in patients with mediastinum extra‐cardiac cancer treated with carbon‐ion radiotherapy that included irradiating the heart.Methods and ResultsIn April–December 2009, eight patients were prospectively enrolled (including two male, aged 72.5 ± 13.0 years). They were treated with 44–72 Gray equivalent (GyE), with their hearts exposed to 1.3–19.1 GyE. High‐resolution ambulatory electrocardiography was performed before and after radiotherapy to investigate arrhythmic events, late potentials (LPs), and heart rate variability. Five patients had pre‐existing premature ventricular contraction (PVC)/atrial contraction (PAC) or paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF)/AF; after irradiation, this improved in four patients with PVC/PAF/AF and did not deteriorate in one patient with PAC. Ventricular LP findings did not deteriorate and improved in one patient. In eight cases with available atrial LP findings, there was no deterioration, and two patients showed improvements. The low frequency/high frequency ratio of heart rate variability improved or did not deteriorate in the six patients who received radiation exposure to the bilateral stellate ganglions. During the five‐year follow‐up for the prognosis, six of the eight patients died because of cancer; there was no history of hospitalization for cardiac events.ConclusionAlthough this preliminary study has several limitations, carbon‐ion beam irradiation to the heart is not immediately cardiotoxic and demonstrates consistent signals of arrhythmia reduction.
Effects of intranasal kinetic oscillation stimulation on heart rate variability
Authors: Jerling Markus , Cygankiewicz Iwona , Al‐Tawil Nabil , Darpo Borje , Ljungström Anders , Zareba Wojciech 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundKinetic oscillation stimulation in the nasal cavity (KOS) has been shown to have positive symptomatic effects in subjects with non‐allergic rhinitis and in patients with migraine.MethodsTo evaluate the effect of KOS on autonomic function, we assessed heart rate variability (HRV) in this small exploratory study in 12 healthy subjects. KOS treatment was performed using a minimally invasive system with a single‐use catheter inserted into the nasal cavity. During treatment, the tip was inflated and oscillated with a mean pressure of 95 millibar and amplitude of the oscillations of 100 millibar at a frequency of 68 Hz. Treatment was given for 15 minutes sequentially on each side. Heart rate variability was assessed during five 30‐minutes periods before, during and immediately after KOS treatment and 3.5 hours thereafter. KOS resulted in a substantial reduction of HRV.ResultsAs compared to baseline recorded during 30 minutes preceding treatment, VLF was reduced by 65%, LF by 55%, the ratio LF/HF by 44%, with somewhat smaller observed effects in the time domain; SDNN and RMSDD were reduced by of 36% and 18%, respectively. Heart rate remained stable during treatment with minimal mean changes from 68 ± 7 bpm before to 68 ± 9 and 69 ± 9 bpm during and after treatment. Reduction of HRV parameters was consistently seen in all subjects, with rapid onset and return towards baseline values during post‐treatment observation periods.ConclusionsKOS has an effect on the autonomic balance with pronounced heart‐rate independent reduction on HRV.
Secrets of a Swahili Marriage
Authors: Daly Thompson Katrina 
Published: June 2017

SUMMARYI am a cultural studies scholar with a primary interest in African discourse, and my research thus intersects with and draws on linguistic anthropology. I teach a course in literary ethnography and am interested in redeeming ethnography for African cultural studies, where it is still largely perceived as tainted by colonialism and orientalism. This piece of fiction draws on my fieldwork in Zanzibar and Zimbabwe, particularly my linguistic anthropological work on the instructions Swahili women give a bride about gender roles as they prepare her for an Islamic marriage and how they talk about their own experiences as Muslim wives, as well as on autoethnographic work on my experience as the wife of a Zanzibari man. [Ethnographic fiction, Swahili marriage, pregnancy, jealousy, Islam]
Doubts, Compromises, and Ideals: Attempting a Reciprocal Life Story
Authors: Gay Y Blasco Paloma 
Published: June 2017

SUMMARYIn this article I reflect on my attempt to co‐author a reciprocal life story with my friend Liria de la Cruz, a semiliterate Gypsy/Roma street seller from Madrid—a book where we examine together our intertwined stories. Much has been made of the assumed capacity of collaborative methodologies to transform ethnography for the better. Yet as Liria and I try to find ways to work together, we struggle to reconcile our reciprocal approach with the conventions of the ethnographic genre and the expectations of our scholarly audience. I reflect on our difficulties for what they reveal about the complex encounter between the non‐hierarchical aims of collaboration and those of academic anthropology.
Tonic immobility during sexual assault – a common reaction predicting post‐traumatic stress disorder and severe depression
Authors: Möller Anna , Söndergaard Hans Peter , Helström Lotti 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIntroductionActive resistance is considered to be the ‘normal’ reaction during rape. However, studies have indicated that similar to animals, humans exposed to extreme threat may react with a state of involuntary, temporary motor inhibition known as tonic immobility. The aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence of tonic immobility during rape and subsequent post‐traumatic stress disorder and severe depression.Material and methodsTonic immobility at the time of the assault was assessed using the Tonic Immobility Scale in 298 women who had visited the Emergency clinic for raped women within 1 month of a sexual assault. Information about the assault and the victim characteristics were taken from the structured clinical data files. After 6 months, 189 women were assessed regarding the development of post‐traumatic stress disorder and depression.ResultsOf the 298 women, 70% reported significant tonic immobility and 48% reported extreme tonic immobility during the assault. Tonic immobility was associated with the development of post‐traumatic stress disorder (OR 2.75; 95% CI 1.50–5.03, p = 0.001) and severe depression (OR 3.42; 95% CI 1.51–7.72, p = 0.003) at 6 months. Further, previous trauma history (OR 2.36; 95% CI 1.48–3.77, p < 0.001) and psychiatric treatment history (OR 2.00; 95% CI 1.26–3.19, p = 0.003) were associated with the tonic immobility response.ConclusionsTonic immobility during rape is a common reaction associated with subsequent post‐traumatic stress disorder and severe depression. Knowledge of this reaction in sexual assault victims is important in legal matters and for healthcare follow up.
Letter: the efficacy of interferon‐free regimens in HCV‐related Child C cirrhosis needs careful interpretation
Authors: Rezaee‐Zavareh M. S. , Alavian S. M. 
Published: June 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Guarino et al and Andriulli et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14017 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14099.
Letter: sublingual dosing of tacrolimus in transplant patients―interesting concept to overcome first pass effects
Authors: Srinivas N. R. 
Published: June 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Solari et al and Benitez et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14022 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14103.
Letter: the efficacy of interferon‐free regimens in HCV‐related Child C cirrhosis needs careful interpretation―Authors' reply
Authors: Andriulli A. , Guarino M. , Morisco F. 
Published: June 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Guarino et al, and Rezaee‐Zavareh and Alavian papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14017 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14083.