bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early outcomes from the Dutch Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Audit
Authors: Busweiler L A D , Wijnhoven B P L , van Berge Henegouwen M I , Henneman D , van Grieken N C T , Wouters M W J M , van Hillegersberg R , van Sandick J W , Bosscha K , Cats A , Dikken J L , Hartgrink H H , Jong P C , Lemmens V E P P , Nieuwenhuijzen G A P , Plukker J T , Rosman C , Rozema T , Siersema P D , Tetteroo G , Veldhuis P M J F , Voncken F E M 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Background
In 2011, the Dutch Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Audit (DUCA) group began nationwide registration of all patients undergoing surgery with the intention of resection for oesophageal or gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to describe the initiation and implementation of this process along with an overview of the results.

Methods
The DUCA is part of the Dutch Institute for Clinical Auditing. The audit provides (surgical) teams with reliable, weekly updated, benchmarked information on process and (case mix-adjusted) outcome measures. To accomplish this, a web-based registration was designed, based on a set of predefined quality measures.

Results
Between 2011 and 2014, a total of 2786 patients with oesophageal cancer and 1887 with gastric cancer were registered. Case ascertainment approached 100 per cent for patients registered in 2013. The percentage of patients with oesophageal cancer starting treatment within 5 weeks of diagnosis increased significantly over time from 32·5 per cent in 2011 to 41·0 per cent in 2014 (P &lt; 0·001). The percentage of patients with a minimum of 15 examined lymph nodes in the resected specimen also increased significantly for both oesophageal cancer (from 50·3 per cent in 2011 to 73·0 per cent in 2014; P &lt; 0·001) and gastric cancer (from 47·5 per cent in 2011 to 73·6 per cent in 2014; P &lt; 0·001). Postoperative mortality remained stable (around 4·0 per cent) for patients with oesophageal cancer, and decreased for patients with gastric cancer (from 8·0 per cent in 2011 to 4·0 per cent in 2014; P = 0·031).

Conclusion
Nationwide implementation of the DUCA has been successful. The results indicate a positive trend for various process and outcome measures.
Reduced brain activation during inhibitory control in children withCOMTVal/Val genotype
Authors: Cope Lora M. , Hardee Jillian E. , Soules Mary E. , Burmeister Margit , Zucker Robert A. , Heitzeg Mary M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIntroductionBehavioral undercontrol is a well‐established risk factor for substance use disorder, identifiable at an early age well before the onset of substance use. However, the biological mechanistic structure underlying the behavioral undercontrol/substance use relationship is not well understood. The enzyme catecholO‐methyltransferase (COMT) catabolizes dopamine and norepinephrine in the prefrontal cortex and striatum, brain regions involved in behavioral control. The goal of this work was to investigate the association between genetic variation inCOMTfunctioning and fronto‐striatal brain functioning during successful inhibitory control, a critical aspect of behavioral control.MethodsParticipants were 65 (22 female) 7–12 year olds who were genotyped for the functionalCOMTVal158Met (rs4680) single‐nucleotide polymorphism and underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing a go/no‐go task. The majority of the sample (80%) had at least one parent with a history of alcohol use disorder and were thus at heightened risk for substance use disorders.ResultsThere was a significant main effect of genotype on brain activation in left and right putamen during successful versus failed inhibition and in right inferior frontal gyrus/insula during successful inhibition versus baseline. Follow‐up tests revealed that Met homozygotes had greater activation in each region relative to Val homozygotes.ConclusionsThese results are relevant for understanding how specific genes influence brain functioning related to underlying risk factors for substance use disorders and other disinhibitory psychopathologies.
Time to follow‐up of an abnormal mammogram in women with diabetes: a population‐based study
Authors: Habeeb Syed Yaser , Fung Kinwah , Fischer Hadas D. , Austin Peter C. , Paszat Lawrence , Lipscombe Lorraine L. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWomen with diabetes have a higher breast cancer incidence and mortality. They are also significantly less likely to undergo screening mammography and present with more advanced stage than women without diabetes. The purpose of this study was to examine if women with diabetes are more likely to have delays in follow‐up of abnormal mammograms, compared to women without diabetes. Using population‐based health databases, this retrospective cohort study examined women between the ages of 50 and 74, with and without diabetes, living in the province of Ontario, Canada, who underwent screening through a centralized program and who had an abnormal mammogram between 2003 and 2012. We compared rates of follow‐up of a diagnostic test within 180 days, as well as likelihood of mastectomy or excision procedure and a diagnosis of breast cancer. Following an abnormal screening mammogram, 97.5% of women with diabetes had a diagnostic procedure within 180 days compared to 97.9% of women without diabetes. After adjustment for other factors, women with diabetes were only 3% less likely to have follow‐up testing after an abnormal mammogram than women without diabetes (hazard ratio [HR] 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96–0.99, P < 0.001). The majority of Ontario women who underwent screening mammography through a centralized screening program had timely follow‐up of an abnormal mammogram, with no meaningful delays in those who had diabetes. The results of this study suggest that diagnostic delays after screening do not significantly contribute to higher breast cancer mortality in women with diabetes.
Expression of Tim‐1 in primary CNS lymphoma
Authors: Kishimoto Wataru , Nishikori Momoko , Arima Hiroshi , Miyoshi Hiroaki , Sasaki Yuya , Kitawaki Toshio , Shirakawa Kotaro , Kato Takeharu , Imaizumi Yoshitaka , Ishikawa Takayuki , Ohno Hitoshi , Haga Hironori , Ohshima Koichi , Takaori‐Kondo Akifumi 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPrimary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a distinct subtype of extranodal lymphoma with aggressive clinical course and poor outcome. As increased IL‐10/IL‐6 ratio is recognized in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of PCNSL patients, we hypothesized that PCNSL might originate from a population of B cells with high IL‐10‐producing capacity, an equivalent of “regulatory B cells” in mice. We intended in this study to clarify whether Tim‐1, a molecule known as a marker for regulatory B cells in mice, is expressed in PCNSL. By immunohistochemical analysis, Tim‐1 was shown to be positive in as high as 54.2% of PCNSL (26 of 58 samples), while it was positive in 19.1% of systemic diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) samples (17 of 89 samples; P < 0.001). Tim‐1 expression positively correlated with IL‐10 expression in PCNSL (Cramer's V = 0.55, P < 0.001), and forced expression of Tim‐1 in a PCNSL cell line resulted in increased IL‐10 secretion, suggesting that Tim‐1 is functionally linked with IL‐10 production in PCNSL. Moreover, soluble Tim‐1 was detectable in the CSF of PCNSL patients, and was suggested to parallel disease activity. In summary, PCNSL is characterized by frequent Tim‐1 expression, and its soluble form in CSF may become a useful biomarker for PCNSL.
Bovine endometrial cells: a source of mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells
Authors: de Moraes Carolina Nogueira , Maia Leandro , Dias Marianne Camargos , Dell'Aqua Camila P. Freitas , da Mota Ligia Souza Lima Silveira , Chapwanya Aspinas , Landim‐Alvarenga Fernanda da Cruz , Oba Eunice 
Published: October 2016

AbstractEndometrial mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (eMSCs) are multipotent cells known to modulate the immune system and have clinical application for human and animal health. This makes these bovines cells attractive for dual use as cellular therapy and experimental model. The aim of this study was to isolate, evaluate the differentiation potential, immunophenotypic and immunocytochemistry characteristics, chromosomal stability, cloning efficiency, and cryopreservation response of bovine eMSCs collected in two phases of the estrous cycle. For this, cells were isolated and submitted to differentiation for adipogenic and osteogenic lineage. The cells were then characterized by flow cytometer (FC) (vimentin, CD29, CD44, MHC‐II, CD34) and immunocytochemistry (vimentin, pan‐cytokeratin, CD44) and submitted to cytogenetic and cloning efficiency assay. The cells were also cryopreserved using two different medium of cryopreservation and analyzed by FC for viability, necrosis, late‐apoptosis + necrosis, and initial apoptosis rates before and after cryopreservation. We obtained homogeneous cell populations which have fibroblastic morphology and adherence to plastic. These cells expressed high levels of markers CD29, CD44, and vimentin, low expression levels for CD34 and no MHC‐II. The cells were chromosomally stable (2n = 60) with high cloning efficiency and no difference (P > 0.05) between medium of cryopreservation or phase was observed after thawing. We showed the presence and differentiation potential of bovine eMSCs, with chromosomal stability and great response to cryopreservation with both medium, which has implications for build biobanks or development of new therapeutic approaches to combat uterine diseases or to study.
A case of severe arthralgia with malignant mesothelioma‐associated hypertrophic osteoarthropathy
Authors: Yamakawa Hideaki , Sekine Akimasa , Kato Terufumi , Yamanaka Yumie , Hagiwara Eri , Umeda Shigeaki , Ogura Takashi 
Published: October 2016

Key Clinical MessageHypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA) is a rare syndrome characterized by the abnormal proliferation of dermato‐osseous tissue. We report a rare case of malignant mesothelioma‐associated HOA who suffered from refractory painful osteoarthropathy. HOA can be associated with malignant mesothelioma and that may be resistant to any treatment.
Synthesis of Enantiomerically Enriched 2‐Hydroxymethylalkanoic Acids by Oxidative Desymmetrisation of Achiral 1,3‐Diols Mediated by Acetobacter aceti
Authors: Brenna Elisabetta , Cannavale Flavia , Crotti Michele , De Vitis Valerio , Gatti Francesco G. , Migliazza Gaia , Molinari Francesco , Parmeggiani Fabio , Romano Diego , Santangelo Sara 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe stereoselective desymmetrisation of achiral 2‐alkyl‐1,3‐diols is performed by oxidation of one of the two enantiotopic primary alcohol moieties by means of Acetobacter aceti MIM 2000/28 to afford the corresponding chiral 2‐hydroxymethyl alkanoic acids (up to 94 % ee). The procedure, carried out in aqueous medium under mild conditions of pH, temperature and pressure, contributes to enlarge the portfolio of enzymatic oxidations available to organic chemists for the development of sustainable manufacturing processes.
Heterogeneous Chitosan@Copper(II)‐Catalyzed Remote Trifluoromethylation of Aminoquinolines with the Langlois Reagent by Radical Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Shen Chao , Xu Jun , Ying Beibei , Zhang Pengfei 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe first remote C−H trifluoromethylation of N‐(quinolin‐8‐yl)benzamide derivatives was accomplished with a user‐friendly chitosan‐based heterogeneous copper catalyst under mild conditions. The position‐selective C−H activation protocol afforded the corresponding coupling products in good to excellent yields with excellent reusability of the catalyst by using the low‐costing and stable Langlois reagent (CF3SO2Na) as the “CF3” source. Furthermore, control experiments suggested a single‐electron‐transfer process played a vital role in the heterogeneous C−CF3 cross‐coupling.
Electrochemical Effects at Surfactant–Platinum Nanoparticle Interfaces Boost Catalytic Performance
Authors: Almora‐Barrios Neyvis , Vilé Gianvito , Garcia‐Ratés Miquel , Pérez‐Ramírez Javier , López Núria 
Published: October 2016

AbstractNanoparticles are applied in a variety of industrially relevant transformations as heterogeneous catalysts typically with the help of an external force (pressure, temperature, or voltage) to steer the chemistry. The modification of platinum nanoparticles by a phosphate–amino surfactant enables catalysis without external energy supply in the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline. This can be attributed to the complex surfactant/metal interface which is able to split hydrogen into protons and electrons. The subsequent hydrogenation process mimics the electrochemical reduction described by Haber. The surfactant decorated Pt catalyst is two orders of magnitude more active than the state‐of‐the‐art Pb‐poisoned Pt catalyst. Our study provides a new approach to understand the functionality of emerging catalytic systems and can be applied to design new materials with optimal interfaces.
Electrochemical Control of Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Dissolution in Nanopipettes
Authors: Perry David , Parker Alexander S. , Page Ashley , Unwin Patrick R. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractElectrochemically controlled nanopipettes are becoming increasingly versatile tools for a diverse range of sequencing, sizing, and imaging applications. Herein, the use of nanopipettes to induce and quantitatively monitor crystallization and dissolution in real time is considered, using CaCO3 in aqueous solution as an exemplar system. The bias between a quasi‐reference counter electrode in a nanopipette and one in a bulk solution is used to mix (or de‐mix) two different solutions by ion migration and drive either growth or dissolution, depending on the polarity. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy can be applied simultaneously to identify polymorphs formed in the nanopipette. The technique is supported with a robust finite element method model that allows the extraction of time‐dependent saturation levels and mixing characteristics at the nanoscale. The technique shows great promise as a tool for rapidly screening growth additives and inhibitors, allowing eight different additives to be ranked in order of efficacy for crystal growth rate inhibition.
Simulation of Electronic Circular Dichroism of Nucleic Acids: From the Structure to the Spectrum
Authors: Padula Daniele , Jurinovich Sandro , Di Bari Lorenzo , Mennucci Benedetta 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe present a quantum mechanical (QM) simulation of the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) of nucleic acids (NAs). The simulation combines classical molecular dynamics, to obtain the structure and its temperature‐dependent fluctuations, with a QM excitonic model to determine the ECD. The excitonic model takes into account environmental effects through a polarizable embedding and uses a refined approach to calculate the electronic couplings in terms of full transition densities. Three NAs with either similar conformations but different base sequences or similar base sequences but different conformations have been investigated and the results were compared with experimental observations; a good agreement was seen in all cases. A detailed analysis of the nature of the ECD bands in terms of their excitonic composition was also carried out. Finally, a comparison between the QM and the DeVoe models clearly revealed the importance of including fluctuations of the excitonic parameters and of accurately determining the electronic couplings. This study demonstrates the feasibility of the ab initio simulation of the ECD spectra of NAs, that is, without the need of experimental structural or electronic data.
Imidazole‐Aided Native Chemical Ligation: Imidazole as a One‐Pot Desulfurization‐Amenable Non‐Thiol‐Type Alternative to 4‐Mercaptophenylacetic Acid
Authors: Sakamoto Ken , Tsuda Shugo , Mochizuki Masayoshi , Nohara Yukie , Nishio Hideki , Yoshiya Taku 
Published: October 2016

AbstractVarious bioactive proteins have been synthesized by native chemical ligation (NCL) and its combination with subsequent desulfurization (e.g., conversion from Cys to Ala). In NCL, excess 4‐mercaptophenylacetic acid (MPAA) is generally added to facilitate the reaction. However, co‐elution of MPAA with the ligation product during preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography sometimes reduces its usefulness. In addition, contamination of MPAA disturbs subsequent desulfurization. Here, we report for the first time that imidazole can be adopted as an alternative to MPAA in NCL using a peptide‐alkylthioester. The efficiency of the imidazole‐aided NCL (Im‐NCL) is similar to that of traditional MPAA‐aided NCL. As model cases, we successfully synthesized adiponectin(19‐107) and [Ser(PO3H2)65]‐ubiquitin using Im‐NCL with a one‐pot desulfurization.
Wie ist der Mond entstanden?
Authors: Reusch Nicola 
Published: October 2016

AbstractZwar blicken Astronomen mit ihren Teleskopen viele Millionen Lichtjahre weit ins Universum, doch selbst der uns am nächsten stehende Himmelskörper, der Mond, birgt immer noch Rätsel – zum Beispiel, wie und wann er eigentlich entstanden ist.
Targeting a Targeted Drug: An Approach Toward Hypoxia‐Activatable Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Prodrugs
Authors: Karnthaler‐Benbakka Claudia , Groza Diana , Koblmüller Bettina , Terenzi Alessio , Holste Katharina , Haider Melanie , Baier Dina , Berger Walter , Heffeter Petra , Kowol Christian R. , Keppler Bernhard K. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractTyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which have revolutionized cancer therapy over the past 15 years, are limited in their clinical application due to serious side effects. Therefore, we converted two approved TKIs (sunitinib and erlotinib) into 2‐nitroimidazole‐based hypoxia‐activatable prodrugs. Kinetics studies showed very different stabilities over 24 h; however, fast reductive activation via E. coli nitroreductase could be confirmed for both panels. The anticancer activity and signaling inhibition of the compounds against various human cancer cell lines were evaluated in cell culture. These data, together with molecular docking simulations, revealed distinct differences in the impact of structural modifications on drug binding to the enzymes: whereas the catalytic pocket of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) accepted all new erlotinib derivatives, the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)‐inhibitory potential in the case of the sunitinib prodrugs was dramatically diminished by derivatization. In line, hypoxia dependency of ERK signaling inhibition was observed with the sunitinib prodrugs, while oxygen levels had no impact on the activity of the erlotinib derivatives. Overall, proof of principle could be shown for this concept, and the results obtained are an important basis for the future development of tyrosine kinase inhibitor prodrugs.
Cymantrene, Cyrhetrene and Ferrocene Nucleobase Conjugates: Synthesis, Structure, Computational Study, Electrochemistry and Antitrypanosomal Activity
Authors: Kowalski Konrad , Szczupak Łukasz , Saloman Sebastian , Steverding Dietmar , Jabłoński Artur , Vrček Valerije , Hildebrandt Alexander , Lang Heinrich , Rybarczyk‐Pirek Agnieszka 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA series of 11 cymantrene and cyrhetrene nucleobase conjugates, together with the hitherto unreported N7 isomer of a ferrocene–adenine conjugate were synthesised and characterised. The synthetic approach involved a Michael addition reaction of in‐situ‐generated acryloylcymantrene, acryloylcyrhetrene and acryloylferrocene with the canonical nucleobases thymine, uracil and adenine. The mechanism of these reactions was investigated by means of density functional theory calculations. The products were characterised by spectroscopic and electrochemical methods. The molecular structure of one cymantrene–adenine conjugate in the solid state was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray structure analysis, confirming the N9‐substitution of the adenine moiety. It was found that the molecule adopts a bent conformation with the adenine and cyclopentadienyl planes in almost perpendicular orientation. The cymantrenyl nucleobases showed an irreversible redox behaviour, which is associated with ligand‐exchange reactions of the radical cationic species. The newly synthesised compounds were also tested for their activity against the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei and human myeloid leukaemia HL‐60 cells. Some compounds showed promising antitrypanosomal activity, and most of them were non‐toxic to HL‐60 cells. It was also found that cymantrene and cyrhetrene ketone nucleobases were more active than their alcohol congeners. These findings indicate the potential of cymantrenyl and cyrhetrenyl nucleobase conjugates as possible lead compounds for future antitrypanosomal drug development.
Enzymatic Kinetic Resolution of Secondary Alcohols Using an Ionic Anhydride Generated In Situ
Authors: Rocha Ângelo , Teixeira Raquel , Lourenço Nuno M. T. , Afonso Carlos A. M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe developed a method for the resolution of secondary alcohols using an ionic anhydride acylating agent prepared directly in the reaction medium containing the biocatalyst Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB). NMR studies showed that mixing all components at the same time does not interfere with the coupling reaction or the enzymatic activity. After optimization of the reaction conditions, the method allowed the resolution of a number of substrates in very high conversions (46–48 %) and enantiomeric ratios (E>170) along with an easy recovery of both enantiomers without the need for preparative chromatographic separation. Additionally, both the starting ionic acid and the biocatalyst could be recovered and reused up to nine cycles without significant loss of enantioselectivity.
The common marmoset: An overview of its natural history, ecology and behavior
Authors: Schiel Nicola , Souto Antonio 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTCallithrix jacchusare small‐bodied Neotropical primates popularly known as common marmosets. They are endemic to Northeast Brazil and occur in contrasting environments such as the humid Atlantic Forest and the dry scrub forest of the Caatinga. Common marmosets live in social groups, usually containing only one breeding pair. These primates have a parental care system in which individuals help by providing assistance to the infants even when they are not related to them. Free‐ranging groups use relatively small home ranges (0.5–5 hectares) and have an omnivorous diet. Because of the shape of their teeth, they actively gouge tree bark to extract and consume exudates. When foraging for live prey, they adjust their strategy according to the type of prey. The successful use of appropriate hunting strategies depends not only on age but also on prey type and seems to be mediated by learning and experience. Indeed, common marmosets have shown unexpected cognitive abilities, such as true imitation. All these aspects seem to have contributed to the ecological success of this species.Callithrix jacchushas been widely studied, especially in captivity; even so, a number of questions remain to be answered about its biology, ecology, and behavior, both in captivity and the wild. A richer understanding of marmosets' natural behavior and ecology can have a significant impact on shaping ongoing and future neuroscience research. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 77: 244–262, 2017