bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive robust boundary control of coupled bending‐torsional vibration of beams with only one axis of symmetry
Authors: Tavasoli Ali , Enjilela Vali 
Published: September 2016

SummaryIn control design for vibration of beams in literature, the beam section is considered to have two axes of symmetry so that the bending and torsional vibrations are uncoupled; thus, the bending vibration is controlled independently without twisting the beam. However, if the cross section of a beam has only one axis of symmetry, the bending and torsional vibrations become coupled and the beam will undergo twisting in addition to bending. This paper addresses Lyapunov‐based boundary control of coupled bending‐torsional vibration of beams with only one axis of symmetry. The control strategy is based on applying a transverse force and a torque at the free end of the beam. The control design is directly based on the system partial differential equations (PDEs) so that spillover instabilities that are a result of model truncation are avoided. Three cases are investigated. Firstly, it is shown that when exogenous disturbances do not affect the beam, a linear boundary control law can exponentially stabilize the coupled bending‐torsional vibration. Secondly, a nonlinear robust boundary control is established that exponentially stabilizes the beam in the presence of boundary and spatially distributed disturbances. Thirdly, to rule out the need for prior knowledge of disturbances upper‐bound, the proposed robust control is redesigned to achieve an adaptive robust control that stabilizes the beam in the presence of disturbances with unknown upper‐bound. The efficacy of the proposed controls is illustrated by simulation results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vergisson 4: a left‐handed Neandertal
Authors: Condemi Silvana , Monge Janet , Quertelet Sylvain , Frayer David W. , Combier Jean 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObjectivesHandedness is an important marker for lateralization of humans in the modern and fossil record. For the most part, Neandertals and their ancestors are strongly right‐handed. We describe a single tooth from a Neandertal level at Vergisson 4 (Vg 4‐83). This left upper central incisor shows all the features typical of Neandertal incisors. It also exhibits a predominance of left‐handed striations.MethodsStriations on the incisor's labial surface were mapped at 20x magnification using Photoshop. Angulations of the striations were determined from their deviation from the maximum mesio‐distal line and were analyzed using NIH's freeware, Image J.ResultsOf the 60 labial surface striations, Vg 4‐83 shows a strong predominance of left‐handed striations (46; 76.7%), which are statistically significantly different (p < .001 with a two‐tailed chi2 test) from the small number (3) of right‐handed striations.DiscussionThe identification of another left‐handed Neandertal adds to our understanding about handedness variation in this fossil hominin. Given the high frequency of right‐handed Neandertals, the 90: 10 modern ratio is still preserved in this group.
Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of N‐Chiral Amine Oxides
Authors: Bhadra Sukalyan , Yamamoto Hisashi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractDirect asymmetric synthesis of N‐chiral amine oxides was accomplished (up to 91:9 e.r.) by means of a bimetallic titanium catalyst. A hydroxy group situated at the γ‐position of the N stereocenter enables the desired N‐oxidation through dynamic kinetic resolution of the trivalent amine substrates. The method was further extended to the kinetic resolution of racemic γ‐amino alcohols with a preexisting stereocenter, giving an important class of enantioenriched (up to 99.9:0.1 e.r.) building blocks that are otherwise difficult to synthesize.
Functional Sulfur‐Doped Buckybowls and Their Concave–Convex Supramolecular Assembly with Fullerenes
Authors: Liu Yu‐Min , Xia Dan , Li Bo‐Wei , Zhang Qian‐Yan , Sakurai Tsuneaki , Tan Yuan‐Zhi , Seki Shu , Xie Su‐Yuan , Zheng Lan‐Sun 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBuckybowls are fascinating components of supramolecular assemblies owing to their unique bowl‐shaped π‐surfaces. Herein we present a protocol for the functionalization of a sulfur‐doped buckybowl, trithiasumanene, via a brominated intermediate, from which thiolated trithiasumanenes were derived. The curved surface and electron‐donating properties of thiolated trithiasumanenes promote their ready assembly with fullerenes to form concave–convex complexes. The supramolecular assembly behavior in solution was investigated by NMR analysis. The structures of supramolecular complexes were unambiguously characterized by crystallography. The crystals of the concave–convex complexes showed high thermal stability and photoconductivity.
Oligomerization of N‐Heterocyclic Silylene into Zwitterionic Silenes
Authors: Zabula Alexander V. , Guzei Ilia A. , West Robert , Li Jingbai , Rogachev Andrey Yu. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractN‐Heterocyclic carbenes (NHC's) are known to serve as efficient substrates for the stabilization of various transient species possessing low‐valent Group 14 elements and for the generation of double E=C bonds. Herein, we report that the thermal tri‐ and tetramerizations of pyridoannulated silylene 1 lead to the formation of remarkably stable silenes 2 and 3 featuring zwitterionic distribution of electron density. Co‐oligomerization of 1 and its germanium analogue gives a related tetrameric product 4 containing low‐valent germanium atom stabilized by binding with the partial carbene‐character C atom. Bonding situations in 2–4 are best described as silene or germene with the significant zwitterionic distribution of electron density. The singlet diradical electronic state of 2 is 10 kcal mol−1 higher than the ground state configuration.
Integrated Photoelectrochemical Solar Energy Conversion and Organic Redox Flow Battery Devices
Authors: Li Wenjie , Fu Hui‐Chun , Li Linsen , Cabán‐Acevedo Miguel , He Jr‐Hau , Jin Song 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBuilding on regenerative photoelectrochemical solar cells and emerging electrochemical redox flow batteries (RFBs), more efficient, scalable, compact, and cost‐effective hybrid energy conversion and storage devices could be realized. An integrated photoelectrochemical solar energy conversion and electrochemical storage device is developed by integrating regenerative silicon solar cells and 9,10‐anthraquinone‐2,7‐disulfonic acid (AQDS)/1,2‐benzoquinone‐3,5‐disulfonic acid (BQDS) RFBs. The device can be directly charged by solar light without external bias, and discharged like normal RFBs with an energy storage density of 1.15 Wh L−1 and a solar‐to‐output electricity efficiency (SOEE) of 1.7 % over many cycles. The concept exploits a previously undeveloped design connecting two major energy technologies and promises a general approach for storing solar energy electrochemically with high theoretical storage capacity and efficiency.
Homoleptic Phosphaalkyne Complexes of Silver(I)
Authors: Rummel Eva‐Maria , Mastrorilli Piero , Todisco Stefano , Latronico Mario , Balázs Gábor , Virovets Alexander V. , Scheer Manfred 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBy employing silver salts with a weakly coordinating anion Ag[A] ([A]=[FAl{OC12F15}3], [Al{OC(CF3)3}4]), two phosphaalkynes could be coordinated side‐on to a bare silver(I) center to form the unprecedented homoleptic complexes [Ag(η2‐P≡CtBu)2][FAl{OC12F15}3] (1) and [Ag(η2‐P≡CtBu)2][Al{OC(CF3)3}4] (2). DFT calculations show that the perpendicular arrangement in 1 is the minimum energy structure of the coordination of the two phosphaalkynes to a silver atom, whereas for 2 a unique square‐planar coordination mode of the phosphaalkynes at Ag+ was found. Reactions with donor molecules yield the trigonally planar coordinated silver salts [((CH3)2CO)Ag(η2‐P≡CtBu)2][FAl{OC12F15}3] (3) and [(C7H8)2Ag(η2‐P≡CtBu)][FAl{OC12F15}3] (4). All of the compounds were comprehensively characterized in solution and in the solid state.
Synthesis of a Ferrolite: A Zeolitic All‐Iron Framework
Authors: Latshaw Allison M. , Chance W. Michael , Morrison Gregory , zur Loye Karl D. , Wilkins Branford O. , Smith Mark D. , Whitfield Pamela S. , Kirkham Melanie J. , Stoian Sebastian A. , zur Loye Hans‐Conrad 
Published: September 2016

AbstractCrystals of the first sodalite‐type zeolite containing an all‐iron framework, a ferrolite, Ba8(Fe12O24)Nay(OH)6⋅x H2O, were synthesized using the hydroflux method in nearly quantitative yield. Ba8(Fe12O24)Nay(OH)6⋅x H2O crystallizes in the cubic space group
with a=10.0476(1) Å. Slightly distorted FeO4 tetrahedra are linked to form Fe4O4 and Fe6O6 rings, which in turn yield channels and internal cavities that are characteristic of the sodalite structure. Barium, sodium, and hydroxide ions and water molecules are found in the channels and provide charge balance. Magnetic measurements indicate that the ferrolite exhibits magnetic order up to at least 700 K, with the field‐cooled and zero‐field‐cooled curves diverging. Analysis of the 57Fe Mössbauer spectra revealed two spectral components that have equal spectral areas, indicating the presence of two subsets of iron centers in the structure. Dehydrated versions of the ferrolite were also prepared by heating the sample.
Extremely Active Organocatalysts Enable a Highly Enantioselective Addition of Allyltrimethylsilane to Aldehydes
Authors: Kaib Philip S. J. , Schreyer Lucas , Lee Sunggi , Properzi Roberta , List Benjamin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe enantioselective allylation of aldehydes to form homoallylic alcohols is one of the most frequently used carbon–carbon bond‐forming reaction in chemical synthesis and, for several decades, has been a testing ground for new asymmetric methodology. However, a general and highly enantioselective catalytic addition of the inexpensive, nontoxic, air‐ and moisture‐stable allyltrimethylsilane to aldehydes, the Hosomi–Sakurai reaction, has remained elusive. Reported herein is the design and synthesis of a highly acidic imidodiphosphorimidate motif (IDPi), which enables this transformation, thus converting various aldehydes with aromatic and aliphatic groups at catalyst loadings ranging from 0.05 to 2.0 mol % with excellent enantioselectivities. Our rationally constructed catalysts feature a highly tunable active site, and selectively process small substrates, thus promising utility in various other challenging chemical reactions.
Chemoselective Reduction of Tertiary Amides to Amines Catalyzed by Triphenylborane
Authors: Mukherjee Debabrata , Shirase Satoru , Mashima Kazushi , Okuda Jun 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTriphenylborane (BPh3) was found to catalyze the reduction of tertiary amides with hydrosilanes to give amines under mild condition with high chemoselectivity in the presence of ketones, esters, and imines. N,N‐Dimethylacrylamide was reduced to provide the α‐silyl amide. Preliminary studies indicate that the hydrosilylation catalyzed by BPh3 may be mechanistically different from that catalyzed by the more electrophilic B(C6F5)3.
The Mechanical Strength of a Mechanical Bond: Sonochemical Polymer Mechanochemistry of Poly(catenane) Copolymers
Authors: Lee Bobin , Niu Zhenbin , Craig Stephen L. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTopological molecular connections and structures, including physical entanglements in polymer networks, knots along polymer chains, and rotaxanes in sliding ring gels, have important consequences for the physical properties of polymeric materials. Often these topologies contribute through their ability to bear mechanical stress, but experimental measures of their relative mechanical strength are rare. Here, we use sonochemical polymer mechanochemistry to assess the relative mechanical strength of a multicatenane copolymer relative to copolymers of cyclic and linear analogs. The relative mechanical strengths are obtained by comparing the limiting molecular weights (Mlim) and contour lengths (Llim) of the polymers under pulsed ultrasound of their dilute solutions. The values of Mlim and Llim, and thus the inferred mechanical strengths of the polymers, are effectively identical. The mechanical bonds of the catenanes are therefore as strong, or stronger, mechanically as the covalent bonds along the polymer backbone.
Uni‐Directional Transportation on Peristome‐Mimetic Surfaces for Completely Wetting Liquids
Authors: Li Chuxin , Li Ning , Zhang Xinshi , Dong Zhichao , Chen Huawei , Jiang Lei 
Published: September 2016

AbstractLiquid uni‐directional transport on solid surface without energy input would advance a variety of applications, such as in bio‐fluidic devices, self‐lubrication, and high‐resolution printing. Inspired by the liquid uni‐directional transportation on the peristome surface of Nepenthes alata, here, we fabricated a peristome‐mimicking surface through high‐resolution stereo‐lithography and demonstrated the detailed uni‐directional transportation mechanism from a micro‐scaled view visualized through X‐ray microscopy. Significantly, an overflow‐controlled liquid uni‐directional transportation mechanism is proposed and demonstrated. Unlike the canonical predictions for completely wetting liquids spreading symmetrically on a high‐energy surface, liquids with varied surface tensions and viscosities can spontaneously propagate in a single preferred direction and pin in all others. The fundamental understanding gained from this robust system enabled us to tailor advanced micro‐computerized tomography scanning and stereo‐lithography fabrication to mimic natural creatures and construct a wide variety of fluidic machines out of traditional materials.
Redox Non‐Innocent Behavior of a Terminal Iridium Hydrazido(2−) Triple Bond
Authors: Pearce Adam J. , Cassabaum Alyssa A. , Gast Grace E. , Frontiera Renee R. , Tonks Ian A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of the first terminal Group 9 hydrazido(2‐) complex, Cp*IrN(TMP) (6) (TMP=2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine) is reported. Electronic structure and X‐ray diffraction analysis indicate that this complex contains an Ir−N triple bond, similar to Bergman's seminal Cp*Ir(NtBu) imido complex. However, in sharp contrast to Bergman's imido, 6 displays remarkable redox non‐innocent reactivity owing to the presence of the Nβ lone pair. Treatment of 6 with MeI results in electron transfer from Nβ to Ir prior to oxidative addition of MeI to the iridium center. This behavior opens the possibility of carrying out facile oxidative reactions at a formally IrIII metal center through a hydrazido(2−)/isodiazene valence tautomerization.
Synthesis of 1,3‐Cycloalkadienes from Cycloalkenes: Unprecedented Reactivity of Oxoammonium Salts
Authors: Nagasawa Shota , Sasano Yusuke , Iwabuchi Yoshiharu 
Published: September 2016

AbstractFew methods allow for the direct conversion of cycloalkenes into cycloalkadienes with high chemo‐ and regioselectivity. Herein, we report a convenient one‐pot process for this transformation that involves the unprecedented N‐preferential group transfer of N‐oxoammonium salts to cycloalkenes, followed by Cope elimination, to afford cycloalkadienes at room temperature and pressure.
RNA–DNA Chimeras in the Context of an RNA World Transition to an RNA/DNA World
Authors: Gavette Jesse V. , Stoop Matthias , Hud Nicholas V. , Krishnamurthy Ramanarayanan 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe RNA world hypothesis posits that DNA and proteins were later inventions of early life, or the chemistry that gave rise to life. Most scenarios put forth for the emergence of DNA assume a clean separation of RNA and DNA polymer, and a smooth transition between RNA and DNA. However, based on the reality of “clutter” and lack of sophisticated separation/discrimination mechanisms in a protobiological (and/or prebiological) world, heterogeneous RNA–DNA backbone containing chimeric sequences could have been common—and have not been fully considered in models transitioning from an RNA world to an RNA–DNA world. Herein we show that there is a significant decrease in Watson–Crick duplex stability of the heterogeneous backbone chimeric duplexes that would impede base‐pair mediated interactions (and functions). These results point to the difficulties for the transition from one homogeneous system (RNA) to another (RNA/DNA) in an RNA world with a heterogeneous mixture of ribo‐ and deoxyribonucleotides and sequences, while suggesting an alternative scenario of prebiological accumulation and co‐evolution of homogeneous systems (RNA and DNA).
Online calibration of an integrated framework for information‐based evacuation operations
Authors: Hsu Yu‐Ting , Peeta Srinivas 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThis study seeks to online calibrate the parameters of aggregate evacuee behavior models used in a behavior‐consistent information‐based control module for determining information strategies for real‐time evacuation operations. It enables the deployment of an operational framework for mass evacuation that integrates three aspects underlying an evacuation operation: demand (evacuee behavior), supply (network management), and disaster characteristics. To attain behavior‐consistency, the control module factors evacuees' likely responses to the disseminated information in determining information‐based control strategies. Hence, the ability of the behavior models to predict evacuees' likely responses is critical to the effectiveness of traffic routing by information strategies. The mixed logit structure is used for the aggregate behavior models to accommodate the behavioral heterogeneity across the population. An online calibration problem is proposed to calibrate the random parameters in the behavior models by using the least square estimator to minimize the gap between the predicted network flows and unfolding traffic dynamics. Background traffic, an important but rarely studied issue for modeling evacuation traffic, is also accounted for in the proposed problem. Numerical experiments are conducted to illustrate the importance of the calibration problem for addressing the system consistency issues and integrating the demand, supply, and disaster characteristics for more efficient evacuation operations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Survival benefit of gastrectomy for gastric cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis: a propensity score‐matched analysis
Authors: Geng Xiuwen , Liu Hao , Lin Tian , Hu Yanfeng , Chen Hao , Zhao Liying , Mou Tingyu , Qi Xiaolong , Yu Jiang , Li Guoxin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPeritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is the most frequent pattern of metastasis in stage IV gastric cancer (GC). The study aims to investigate the efficacy of gastrectomy in GC with PC. Clinicopathological data of 518 stage IV GC patients were retrospectively collected in Nanfang Hospital. Among all cases, 312 GC patients with PC (without other site of metastasis) were eligible. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the independent prognostic factors. Propensity score matching analysis was performed to balance the characteristics and treatment‐related factors. There was a significantly improved overall survival in gastrectomy group (148 patients) compared with nonresection group (164 patients) (P < 0.001). The 1‐year and 2‐year survival rates were 49.8% and 21.5% in gastrectomy group, whereas 28.8% and 9.7% in nonresection group, respectively. Further analysis showed that gastrectomy had also improved survival in P1 (P = 0.017) and P2 stage patients (P < 0.001), but not P3 stage (P = 0.495). The modality of gastrectomy plus chemotherapy plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) showed an optimum survival. In addition, P3 disease, nongastrectomy, nonchemotherapy, non‐HIPEC, and age ≥ 60 years were independently associated with poor survival. The gastrectomy plus chemotherapy plus HIPEC modality showed a significant survival benefit for gastric adenocarcinoma patients, particularly in those with P1 and P2 diseases.
Independent predictors of retrograde failure in CTO‐PCI after successful collateral channel crossing
Authors: Suzuki Yoriyasu , Muto Makoto , Yamane Masahisa , Muramatsu Toshiya , Okamura Atsunori , Igarashi Yasumi , Fujita Tsutomu , Nakamura Shigeru , Oida Akitsugu , Tsuchikane Etsuo 
Published: September 2016

ObjectivesTo evaluate factors for predicting retrograde CTO‐PCI failure after successful collateral channel crossing. Background: Successful guidewire/catheter collateral channel crossing is important for the retrograde approach in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO).MethodsA total of 5984 CTO‐PCI procedures performed in 45 centers in Japan from 2009 to 2012 were studied. The retrograde approach was used in 1656 CTO‐PCIs (27.7%). We investigated these retrograde procedures to evaluate factors for predicting retrograde CTO‐PCI failure even after successful collateral channel crossing.ResultsSuccessful guidewire/catheter collateral crossing was achieved in 77.1% (n = 1,276) of 1656 retrograde CTO‐PCI procedures. Retrograde procedural success after successful collateral crossing was achieved in 89.4% (n = 1,141). Univariate analysis showed that the predictors for retrograde CTO‐PCI failure were in‐stent occlusion (OR = 1.9829, 95%CI = 1.1783 – 3.3370 P = 0.0088), calcified lesions (OR = 1.9233, 95%CI = 1.2463 – 2.9679, P = 0.0027), and lesion tortuosity (OR = 1.5244, 95%CI = 1.0618 – 2.1883, P = 0.0216). On multivariate analysis, lesion calcification was an independent predictor of retrograde CTO‐PCI failure after successful collateral channel crossing (OR = 1.3472, 95%CI = 1.0614 – 1.7169, P = 0.0141).ConclusionsThe success rate of retrograde CTO‐PCI following successful guidewire/catheter collateral channel crossing was high in this registry. Lesion calcification was an independent predictor of retrograde CTO‐PCI failure after successful collateral channel crossing. Devices and techniques to overcome complex CTO lesion morphology, such as lesion calcification, are required to further improve the retrograde CTO‐PCI success rate. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Palladium Supported on Metformin‐Functionalized Magnetic Polymer Nanocomposites: A Highly Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for the Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reaction
Authors: Yang Pengbo , Ma Rong , Bian Fengling 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn this paper, a novel magnetically responsive nanocatalyst, Pd/Fe3O4@PMAA‐Met (PMAA=poly(methacrylic acid), Met=metformin), has been successfully prepared by immobilizing palladium on the surface of metformin‐functionalized magnetic polymer nanocomposites. This novel nanocatalyst was characterized by FTIR, XRD, TEM, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The prepared nanocatalyst showed excellent catalytic activity for Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions of aryl halides (I, Br, Cl) with arylboronic acids even at palladium loadings of 0.01–0.0007 mol % and the turnover frequency (TOF) reached up to 125 714 h−1. The excellent activity of this Pd/Fe3O4@PMAA‐Met catalyst could be attributed to a “release and catch” catalytic mechanism as well as its nanometer size. This nanocatalyst could be simply separated with an external magnet and reused at least twelve times with excellent yields achieved.
Simulation of a Palm Fatty Acid Distillate‐Based Biodiesel Plant Using Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysts
Authors: Heer Parminder K. K. S. , Gaikar Vilas G. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA continuous biodiesel production process from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) is simulated in Aspen Plus for process engineering aspects emphasizing the critical points in the entire process. The production process involves acid‐catalyzed hydrolysis of residual glycerides of PFAD to additional free fatty acids (FFAs), followed by esterification of the FFAs with methanol for methyl ester production, biodiesel purification, and finally methanol recovery. A two‐phase kinetic model was employed with detailed operating conditions for both, homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts to design the reactors and critical process units. The operating costs of the process using both catalysts are evaluated.