bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correction of ankle valgus by hemiepiphysiodesis using the tension band principle in patients with multiple hereditary exostosis
Authors: van Oosterbos M. , van der Zwan A. L. , van der Woude H. J. , Ham S. J. 
Published: May 2016

Background Ankle valgus is a common deformity in patients with multiple hereditary exostoses (MHE) and a potential risk factor for early degenerative arthritis. In children, medial hemiepiphysiodesis of the distal tibia is a relatively simple surgical technique used to correct this deformity. We present here the first results of applying this procedure using the eight-Plate guided growth system (eight-Plate) for growth guidance. Methods Between 2006 and 2011 we performed hemiepiphysiodesis of the distal medial tibia in 30 ankles of 18 children with MHE using the eight-Plate. Weight-bearing total leg radiographs were obtained preoperatively, during follow-up and at the time of implant removal or when the distal tibial physis had closed. The lateral distal tibia angle (LDTA) was measured and fibular shortening assessed using the Malhotra classification. To evaluate the effect of hemiepiphysiodesis, we correlated the LDTA with age. Results The mean age at time of surgery was 12.6 (range 9.5–15.0) years, and the mean preoperative LDTA was 76.9° (range 68.5°–83.5°). During follow-up, the implant was removed in 12 extremities and the physis had closed in 18 extremities. The mean LDTA at the time of implant removal or at closure of the physis was 83.6° (range 76.5°–90.0°). Mean correction of LDTA was 6.9° after a mean follow-up period of 22 (range 3–43) months. During follow-up, no changes in the Malhotra classification were found in any of the patients. Correction of the valgus deformity of the ankle was significantly correlated ( r = −0.506) ( p = 0.004) with age in all patients. Conclusion Temporary medial hemiepiphyseodesis of the distal tibia seems to be an effective strategy for correcting ankle valgus in children with MHE. Timing of the intervention is, however, of importance. Hemiepiphyseodesis alone has no effect on the Malhotra classification. Level of evidence IV, retrospective review.
Observation of the quantum Hall effect in δ-doped SrTiO3
Authors: Matsubara Y. , Takahashi K. S. , Bahramy M. S. , Kozuka Y. , Maryenko D. , Falson J. , Tsukazaki A. , Tokura Y. , Kawasaki M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe quantum Hall effect is a macroscopic quantum phenomenon in a two-dimensional electron system. The two-dimensional electron system in SrTiO3 has sparked a great deal of interest, mainly because of the strong electron correlation effects expected from the 3d orbitals. Here we report the observation of the quantum Hall effect in a dilute La-doped SrTiO3-two-dimensional electron system, fabricated by metal organic molecular-beam epitaxy. The quantized Hall plateaus are found to be solely stemming from the low Landau levels with even integer-filling factors, ν=4 and 6 without any contribution from odd ν’s. For ν=4, the corresponding plateau disappears on decreasing the carrier density. Such peculiar behaviours are proposed to be due to the crossing between the Landau levels originating from the two subbands composed of d orbitals with different effective masses. Our findings pave a way to explore unprecedented quantum phenomena in d-electron systems.
Pharmacokinetically guided algorithm of 5-fluorouracil dosing, a reliable strategy of precision chemotherapy for solid tumors: a meta-analysis
Authors: Fang Luo , Xin Wenxiu , Ding Haiying , Zhang Yiwen , Zhong Like , Luo Hong , Li Jingjing , Yang Yunshan , Huang Ping 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPrecision medicine characterizes a new era of cancer care and provides each patient with the right drug at the right dose and time. However, the practice of precision dosing is hampered by a lack of smart dosing algorithms. A pharmacokinetically guided (PKG) dosing algorithm is considered to be the leading strategy for precision chemotherapy, although the effects of PKG dosing are not completely confirmed. Hence, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of the PKG algorithm of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) dosing on patients with solid tumors. A comprehensive retrieval was performed to identify all of the prospective controlled studies that compared the body surface area (BSA)-based algorithm with the PKG algorithm of 5-FU in patients with solid tumors. Overall, four studies with 504 patients were included. The PKG algorithm significantly improved the objective response rate of 5-FU-based chemotherapy compared with the BSA-based algorithm. Furthermore, PKG dosing markedly decreased the risk of total grade 3/4 adverse drug reactions, especially those related to hematological toxicity. Overall, the PKG algorithm may serve as a reliable strategy for individualized dosing of 5-FU.
Three proliferating cell nuclear antigen homologues from Metallosphaera sedula form a head-to-tail heterotrimer
Authors: Iwata Fumiya , Hirakawa Hidehiko , Nagamune Teruyuki 
Published: May 2016

AbstractProliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a sliding clamp that plays a key role in DNA metabolism. Genome sequence analysis has revealed that some crenarchaea possess three PCNA genes in their genome, but it has been reported that three PCNAs do not always form a unique heterotrimer composed of one of each molecule. The thermoacidophilic archaeon, Metallosphaera sedula, has three PCNA homologue genes. Here, we demonstrated that the three PCNA homologues, MsePCNA1, MsePCNA2 and MsePCNA3, exclusively form a heterotrimer in a stepwise fashion; MsePCNA1 and MsePCNA2 form a heterodimer and then MsePCNA3 binds to the heterodimer. We determined that the dissociation constants between MsePCNA1 and MsePCNA2 and between MsePCNA3 and the MsePCNA1:MsePCNA2 heterodimer are 0.29 and 43 nM, respectively. Moreover, the MsePCNA1, MsePCNA2 and MsePCNA3 heterotrimer stimulated M. sedula DNA ligase 1 activity, suggesting that the heterotrimer works as a DNA sliding clamp in the organism. The stable and stepwise heterotrimerization of M. sedula PCNA homologues would be useful to generate functional protein-based materials such as artificial multi-enzyme complexes, functional hydrogels and protein fibres, which have recently been achieved by protein self-assembly.
Full characterization of an attosecond pulse generated using an infrared driver
Authors: Zhang Chunmei , Brown Graham G. , Kim Kyung Taec , Villeneuve D. M. , Corkum P. B. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe physics of attosecond pulse generation requires using infrared driving wavelength to reach the soft X-rays. However, with longer driving wavelength, the harmonic conversion efficiency drops significantly. It makes the conventional attosecond pulse measurement using streaking very difficult due to the low photoionization cross section in the soft X-rays region. In-situ measurement was developed for precisely this purpose. We use in-situ measurement to characterize, in both space and time, an attosecond pulse produced by ultrafast wavefront rotation of a 1.8 μm fundamental beam. We confirm what models suggest – that each beamlet is an isolated attosecond pulse in the time domain. We get almost constant flat wavefront curvature through the whole photon energy range. The measurement method is scalable to the soft X-ray spectral region.
Donor CD47 controls T cell alloresponses and is required for tolerance induction following hepatocyte allotransplantation
Authors: Zhang Mingyou , Wang Hui , Tan Shulian , Navarro-Alvarez Nalu , Zheng Yang , Yang Yong-Guang 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCD47-deficient hepatocyte transplantation induces rapid innate immune cell activation and subsequent associated graft loss in syngeneic recipients. However, the role of donor CD47 in regulation of T-cell alloresponses is poorly understood. We addressed this question by assessing OVA-specific immune responses in mice following hepatocyte transplantation from CD47-competent or -deficient OVA-transgenic donors. Compared to sham-operated controls, intrasplenic transplantation of CD47-deficient OVA+ hepatocytes significantly accelerated rejection of OVA+ skin grafted 7 days after hepatocyte transplantation. In contrast, mice receiving CD47-competent OVA+ hepatocytes showed prolonged and even indefinite survival of OVA+ skin allografts. T cells from mice receiving CD47-deficient, but not CD47-competent, OVA+ hepatocytes showed significantly enhanced responses to OVA+ stimulators compared to sham-operated controls. In contrast to the production of tolerogenic cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) in the recipients of CD47-competent hepatocytes, mice receiving CD47-deficient hepatocytes showed elevated production of IFN-γ and IL-1α. Moreover, significant expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells was detected in the recipients of CD47-competent hepatocytes, which was required for tolerance induction in these mice. Thus, donor CD47 plays an important role in the control of T-cell alloresponses and tolerance induction following hepatocyte transplantation. Our data also suggest that intrasplenic hepatocyte transplantation may provide a means to induce allograft tolerance.
High-fidelity spherical cholesteric liquid crystal Bragg reflectors generating unclonable patterns for secure authentication
Authors: Geng Yong , Noh JungHyun , Drevensek-Olenik Irena , Rupp Romano , Lenzini Gabriele , Lagerwall Jan P. F. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMonodisperse cholesteric liquid crystal microspheres exhibit spherically symmetric Bragg reflection, generating, via photonic cross communication, dynamically tuneable multi-coloured patterns. These patterns, uniquely defined by the particular sphere arrangement, could render cholesteric microspheres very useful in countless security applications, as tags to identify and authenticate their carriers, mainly physical objects or persons. However, the optical quality of the cholesteric droplets studied so far is unsatisfactory, especially after polymerisation, a step required for obtaining durable samples that can be used for object identification. We show that a transition from droplets to shells solves all key problems, giving rise to sharp patterns and excellent optical quality even after polymerisation, the polymerised shells sustaining considerable mechanical deformation. Moreover, we demonstrate that, counter to prior expectation, cross communication takes place even between non-identical shells. This opens additional communication channels that add significantly to the complexity and unique character of the generated patterns.
A Versatile Multiple Target Detection System Based on DNA Nano-assembled Linear FRET Arrays
Authors: Li Yansheng , Du Hongwu , Wang Wenqian , Zhang Peixun , Xu Liping , Wen Yongqiang , Zhang Xueji 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDNA molecules have been utilized both as powerful synthetic building blocks to create nanoscale architectures and as inconstant programmable templates for assembly of biosensors. In this paper, a versatile, scalable and multiplex detection system is reported based on an extending fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET) cascades on a linear DNA assemblies. Seven combinations of three kinds of targets are successfully detected through the changes of fluorescence spectra because of the three-steps FRET or non-FRET continuity mechanisms. This nano-assembled FRET-based nanowire is extremely significant for the development of rapid, simple and sensitive detection system. The method used here could be extended to a general platform for multiplex detection through more-step FRET process.
Highly sensitive piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer operated in air
Authors: Wang Tao , Kobayashi Takeshi , Lee Chengkuo 
Published: May 2016

Piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (pMUT) is gaining increasing research interest. It overcomes the inherent shortcomings of conventional bulk ultrasonic transducers such as acoustic impedance mismatching and poor sensitivity. In addition, pMUT does not require the extremely large input voltage as capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer. Therefore the pMUT is potential to be integrated into portable electronics. A pMUT array operated in air using the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin film polled by high voltage pulses is realised and fully investigated. The high voltage pulses are found to be more effective for PZT poling, where the piezoelectric constant d31 is elevated to 105 pm/V. Benefited from such high performance PZT thin film and optimised structure, the fabricated pMUT (500 × 300 µm) achieves a displacement sensitivity of 807 nm/V at its resonant frequency (482 kHz) without DC offset. Compared with previously reported PZT pMUTs, the sensitivity is superior to them even with a smaller membrane. The in‐air transmitting performance is also evaluated. A single pMUT element is able to generate 63.7 dB sound pressure level at 10 mm in air with only 2 V input. The proposed high performance pMUT shows its promise for practical applications in portable electronics.
The Hebrew Bible as Literature
Authors: Linafelt Tod 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The Hebrew Bible, or Christian Old Testament, can be celebrated as among the classics of world literature. The stories of Jacob and David present the earliest surviving examples of literary characters whose development the reader follows over the length of a lifetime. There are also examples of lyric poetry, from the praise and lament of the Psalms to the double entendres in the love of poetry of the Song of Songs. The Hebrew Bible as Literature: A Very Short Introduction describes the Bible’s two primary literary modes—narrative and poetry—foregrounding the nuances of plot, character, metaphor, structure and design, and intertextual allusions.
What is the role of concentrated insulin in diabetes management?
Authors: Mospan Cortney M. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
Two concentrated analog insulins, long-acting insulin glargine U-300 (Toujeo) and rapid-acting insulin lispro (Humalog U-200), were recently approved by the FDA. Providers must be aware of clinical differences in these new product formulations compared with their nonconcentrated formulations, so that they can select appropriate patients for these products and minimize drug errors.
Association Between Osteoporosis/Osteopenia and Vestibular Dysfunction in South Korean Adults
Authors: Park Ryoung Jin , Kim Yang Hyun 
Published: May 2016

Objective:
The associations of osteoporosis/osteopenia with vestibular dysfunction have not been well evaluated and conflicting results have been reported. The purpose of this study is to examine the relation of low bone mineral density (BMD) with vestibular dysfunction.

Design:
The authors conducted a cross-sectional study in 3579 Korean adults aged 50 years and older who participated in the 2009 to 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. BMD was measured by dual energy X ray absorptiometry. Vestibular dysfunction was evaluated using the modified Romberg test of standing balance on firm and compliant support surfaces. Data were analyzed in 2015. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to compute odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:
The prevalence of vestibular dysfunction was 4.3 ± 0.5%. After adjustment for potential confounders, the adjusted ORs for vestibular dysfunction based on BMD were 1.00 (reference) for normal BMD, 2.21 (95% CI: 1.08, 4.50) for osteopenia, and 2.47 (95% CI: 1.05, 5.81) for osteoporosis (p < 0.05). We also observed relationships within each age group. The adjusted ORs were as follows: for age <65 years, the values were 1.00 (reference) for normal BMD, 2.91 (95% CI: 1.02, 8.31) for osteopenia, and 2.12 (95% CI: 0.28, 16.14) for osteoporosis (p < 0.05). For age ≥65 years, the values were 1.00 (reference) for normal BMD, 2.17 (95% CI: 0.96, 4.90) for osteopenia, and 2.77 (95% CI: 1.18, 6.47) for osteoporosis (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Osteoporosis or osteopenia were associated with an increased risk of vestibular dysfunction among South Korean adults, especially in older ones.
A Survey of Presbyopic Contact Lens Wearers in a University Setting
Authors: Rueff Erin M. , Varghese Robin Joy , Brack Taylor M. , Downard Danica E. , Bailey Melissa D. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To determine why presbyopic patients discontinue contact lens wear and describe their opinions of comfort and visual quality with contact lenses.

Methods
A survey assessing current age, gender, contact lens material/design, and opinions of contact lens comfort and visual quality was mailed to 2400 presbyopic patients (age 40 years and older) that have had eye exams in the Ohio State University College of Optometry’s Contact Lens Services over the last 4 years.

Results
A total of 496 surveys were analyzed. The mean age of survey respondents was 57 ± 9 years, and 68% of the sample was female. Permanent discontinuation of contact lens wear was reported by 15%. No association was found between contact lens discontinuation and age (p = 0.7), gender (p = 0.2), age of beginning contact lens wear (p = 0.1), or contact lens material (p = 0.1). Poor vision (38%), discomfort (34%), convenience (20%), and cost (6%) were the primary reported reasons for discontinuation. There was no difference between the proportion of subjects reporting “poor vision” as their primary discontinuation reason and those reporting “discomfort” (p = 0.7). Discontinued wearers had a worse overall opinion of their distance (p = 0.03), intermediate (p = 0.01), and near vision (p = 0.002) compared to subjects who were still wearing their contact lenses.

Conclusions
Discomfort has been reported as the primary reason for contact lens discontinuation. In this presbyopic population, dissatisfaction with vision and discomfort were reported equally as often as primary reasons for discontinuation. As well, subjects who ceased contact lens wear had worse overall opinions of their vision at all distances than current contact lens wearers. The results of this survey suggest that presbyopes have unique demands and opinions related to contact lens wear.
Ultrasound of Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Tendon Subluxation in a Tennis Player
Authors: Spicer Paul J. , Romesberg Amanda , Kamineni Srinath , Beaman Francesca D. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Wrist pain is common among competitive tennis players. Subluxation of the extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) tendon has gained recognition as a cause of ulnar-side wrist pain in athletes. In tennis, the wrist is forcibly flexed, supinated, and ulnar deviated. These repetitive motions stress the ECU tendon stabilizers allowing tendon subluxation from the ulnar groove, especially in cases of anatomic variations such as a shallow groove. We present the presurgical and postsurgical imaging findings of recurrent ECU tendon subluxation in an elite tennis player.
A reference dataset of 5.4 million phased human variants validated by genetic inheritance from sequencing a three-generation 17-member pedigree
Authors: Eberle Michael A. , Fritzilas Epameinondas , Krusche Peter , Källberg Morten , Moore Benjamin L. , Bekritsky Mitchell A. , Iqbal Zamin , Chuang Han-Yu , Humphray Sean J. , Halpern Aaron L. , Kruglyak Semyon , Margulies Elliott H. , McVean Gil , Bentley David R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractImprovement of variant calling in next-generation sequence data requires a comprehensive, genome-wide catalogue of high-confidence variants called in a set of genomes for use as a benchmark. We generated deep, whole-genome sequence data of seventeen individuals in a three-generation pedigree and called variants in each genome using a range of currently available algorithms. We used haplotype transmission information to create a phased “platinum” variant catalogue of 4.7 million single nucleotide variants (SNVs) plus 0.7 million small (1-50bp) insertions and deletions (indels) that are consistent with the pattern of inheritance in the parents and eleven children of this pedigree. Platinum genotypes are highly concordant with the current catalogue of the National Institute of Standards and Technology for both SNVs (>99.99%) and indels (99.92%), and add a validated truth catalogue that has 26% more SNVs and 45% more indels. Analysis of 334,652 SNVs that were consistent between informatics pipelines yet inconsistent with haplotype transmission (“non-platinum”) revealed that the majority of these variants arede novoand cell-line mutations or reside within previously unidentified duplications and deletions. The reference materials from this study are a resource for objective assessment of the accuracy of variant calls throughout genomes.
Study on the corrosion of copper alloy by friction stir surface processing
Authors: Weiwei Song , Xu Xiaojing , Zuo Dunwen , Wang Jianli 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the modification of surface of a copper alloy by friction stir surface processing (FSSP).

Design/methodology/approach
The metallographic condition of the surface modification was observed using microscopy. Electrochemical corrosion tests were carried out on the modified surface and the corroded surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Findings
The test results showed that FSSP resulted in refinement of the surface grains of the copper alloy. The degree of refinement was increased with rotation speed and increased in the descending distance of the stirring tool. The corrosion resistance of the modified surface was superior to the base metal except for the surface generated by a rotation speed of 800 rpm and a descending distance 0.1 mm. For the surface modification of the rotation speed of 800 rpm, its corrosion resistance was lower than for the other two rotation speeds. When the rotation speed is specified, the corrosion resistance is improved with increased descending distance. When the descending distance is specified, the corrosion resistance is improved with the rotation speed.

Originality/value
In this study, it was confirmed that the corrosion resistance of the surface modification was best at the rotation speed 1200 rpm and descending distance 0.2 mm.
Fabrication of anodic alumina oxide templates in a mixture solution of 1,3-propanediol and H3PO4
Authors: Ma Di , Li Shubai , Xu Longgui , Hu Xiuying , Zhang Guohua , Jia Chuanqi , Yuan Xinchao 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to study the anodization of aluminum in a mixture solution of 1,3-propanediol solutions and 0.4 mol l−1 H3PO4 at a low temperature.

Design/methodology/approach
The morphology and composition of the resulting anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template was characterized by means of a scanning electron microscope in combination with an energy dispersive spectrometer.

Findings
Pore density and pore diameter both were found to be dependent on the temperature of anodization.

Originality/value
The resulting AAO templates exhibited uniform and regular pores with diameters that were significantly smaller than those found in AAO templates anodized at room temperature.