bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lacosamide use in children with epilepsy: Retention rate and effect of concomitant sodium channel blockers in a large cohort
Authors: McGinnis Emily , Kessler Sudha Kilaru 
Published: July 2016

SummaryObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of lacosamide (LCM) in pediatric patients, using time to treatment failure as the outcome measure, and to assess the impact of concomitant sodium channel blocker (SCB) use on LCM retention.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study of patients <21 years old receiving LCM from 2010 to 2015. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves were generated for time to LCM failure, defined as discontinuation of LCM or addition of another antiepileptic therapy. The impact of concomitant use of traditional SCB agents (phenytoin, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and/or lamotrigine) and other factors including age, seizure types, fast drug titration, and prior antiepileptic drug history were evaluated using Cox regression.ResultsThe analysis cohort included 223 patients, of whom 116 were taking one or more SCBs, with median follow‐up of 7.4 months (1–53 months). For all patients, the probability of remaining on LCM without addition of another therapy was 44.7% at 12 months and 25.6% at 24 months. Concomitant SCB use was an independent predictor of time to LCM failure (hazard ratio [HR] 1.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.38–2.65, p < 0.001).Although treatment emergent adverse effects were reported more often in patients taking SCB (65% vs. 39%, p < 0.001), intolerability was rarely the sole reason cited for LCM discontinuation, and SCB use was strongly associated with LCM failure, even when controlling for presence of treatment emergent adverse effects (adjusted HR 1.99, 95% CI 1.36–2.90, p < 0.001).SignificanceThis study provides observational evidence for treatment persistence of LCM in children, in a large cohort with long‐term follow‐up, using time to treatment failure as the outcome measure. Concomitant SCB use was a key factor increasing risk of LCM failure, but not due to treatment‐emergent adverse effects alone.
Prognostic models for predicting posttraumatic seizures during acute hospitalization, and at 1 and 2 years following traumatic brain injury
Authors: Ritter Anne C. , Wagner Amy K. , Szaflarski Jerzy P. , Brooks Maria M. , Zafonte Ross D. , Pugh Mary Jo V. , Fabio Anthony , Hammond Flora M. , Dreer Laura E. , Bushnik Tamara , Walker William C. , Brown Allen W. , Johnson‐Greene Doug , Shea Timothy , Krellman Jason W. , Rosenthal Joseph A. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryObjectivePosttraumatic seizures (PTS) are well‐recognized acute and chronic complications of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Risk factors have been identified, but considerable variability in who develops PTS remains. Existing PTS prognostic models are not widely adopted for clinical use and do not reflect current trends in injury, diagnosis, or care. We aimed to develop and internally validate preliminary prognostic regression models to predict PTS during acute care hospitalization, and at year 1 and year 2 postinjury.MethodsPrognostic models predicting PTS during acute care hospitalization and year 1 and year 2 post‐injury were developed using a recent (2011–2014) cohort from the TBI Model Systems National Database. Potential PTS predictors were selected based on previous literature and biologic plausibility. Bivariable logistic regression identified variables with a p‐value < 0.20 that were used to fit initial prognostic models. Multivariable logistic regression modeling with backward‐stepwise elimination was used to determine reduced prognostic models and to internally validate using 1,000 bootstrap samples. Fit statistics were calculated, correcting for overfitting (optimism).ResultsThe prognostic models identified sex, craniotomy, contusion load, and pre‐injury limitation in learning/remembering/concentrating as significant PTS predictors during acute hospitalization. Significant predictors of PTS at year 1 were subdural hematoma (SDH), contusion load, craniotomy, craniectomy, seizure during acute hospitalization, duration of posttraumatic amnesia, preinjury mental health treatment/psychiatric hospitalization, and preinjury incarceration. Year 2 significant predictors were similar to those of year 1: SDH, intraparenchymal fragment, craniotomy, craniectomy, seizure during acute hospitalization, and preinjury incarceration. Corrected concordance (C) statistics were 0.599, 0.747, and 0.716 for acute hospitalization, year 1, and year 2 models, respectively.SignificanceThe prognostic model for PTS during acute hospitalization did not discriminate well. Year 1 and year 2 models showed fair to good predictive validity for PTS. Cranial surgery, although medically necessary, requires ongoing research regarding potential benefits of increased monitoring for signs of epileptogenesis, PTS prophylaxis, and/or rehabilitation/social support. Future studies should externally validate models and determine clinical utility.
Q‐collect: results of a European Union project to improve the status of reference collections important for plant health
Authors: Bonants P. , Streito J.‐C. , Elphinstone J. , Pottier P. , Robert V. , Bluemel S. , van der Blom M. , Gentit P. , de Vos P. , Petter F. 
Published: July 2016

The ability of National Plant Protection Organizations (NPPOs) and their affiliated laboratories to quickly and reliably detect and identify organisms is critical for the effective performance of phytosanitary measures. Plant pest diagnostics is also essential to support the phytosanitary certification of consignments of plants and plant products exported from the EU. Access to reference material has been identified as a limitation on the ability of laboratories to develop and validate diagnostic tests and ensure the reliability of diagnostics. The EU FP7 Q‐collect project worked to establish the state of the art of current phytosanitary collections, to identify gaps and propose minimum quality standards, to facilitate access to specimens and to design and build networks of reference collections. The main results of the project are presented in this paper.
Native and introduced parasitoids in the biocontrol of Dryocosmus kuriphilus in Veneto (Italy)
Authors: Colombari F. , Battisti A. 
Published: July 2016

The invasive gallmaker Dryocosmus kuriphilus is a threat to chestnut stands and it is necessary to control it in order to maintain a satisfactory nut yield. A preliminary evaluation of the native natural enemies emerging from the galls, mainly parasitoids associated with native cynipid gallmakers, revealed that they were not able to contain the pest. Consequently, a classical biological control programme using Torymus sinensis started in 2010, with almost 500 releases being made in 6 years. The parasitoid achieved a satisfactory level of control of the pest over a period of time shorter than expected based on literature related to other countries. The success in the study area might be explained by specific traits intrinsic to T. sinensis, such as its high spread capability via stratified dispersal (i.e. a combination of short‐ and long‐distance flights), together with a large availability of host galls and limited competition with other parasitoids.
First report of the Opuntia cochineal scale Dactylopius opuntiae (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) in Morocco
Authors: Bouharroud R. , Amarraque A. , Qessaoui R. 
Published: July 2016

The Opuntia cochineal scale Dactylopius opuntiae (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) causes severe damage to prickly pear (Opuntia ficus‐indica (L.) Miller). This scale insect was first detected in Morocco in 2015 during sampling in the cactus crop in the Sidi Bennour region (120 km north‐west of Marrakech). Methods for sampling, preservation and identification are described. Although this scale insect can be used for the production of the natural dye carmine, the damage it can cause is considerable. A pest risk analysis should be carried out and the ensuing management measures implemented to prevent severe economic and ecological losses.
Conclusions from the workshop on evaluation and regulation of biological control agents
Authors: Ward M. G. 
Published: July 2016

This paper reports on the Workshop on Evaluation and Regulation of Biological Control Agents (BCAs) held in Budapest on the 23–24 November 2015. Conclusions and recommendations are summarized and explained, and some of the ways in which the recommendations are being taken forward by the joint EPPO IOBC Panel on Biological Control are described. The key conclusions are that properly authorized releases of BCAs are beneficial for crop protection and the environment, with little evidence of adverse effects. Different countries apply different types of regulation in different ways to determine whether such releases can be authorized. A more harmonized approach could increase opportunities for use of biological control and ensure that potential risks are addressed in a more coherent and consistent way.
Care planning for aggression management in a specialist secure mental health service: An audit of user involvement
Authors: Hallett Nutmeg , Huber Jörg W. , Sixsmith Judith , Dickens Geoffrey L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis paper describes an audit of prevention and management of violence and aggression care plans and incident reporting forms which aimed to: (i) report the compliance rate of completion of care plans; (ii) identify the extent to which patients contribute to and agree with their care plan; (iii) describe de‐escalation methods documented in care plans; and (iv) ascertain the extent to which the de‐escalation methods described in the care plan are recorded as having been attempted in the event of an incident. Care plans and incident report forms were examined for all patients in men's and women's mental health care pathways who were involved in aggressive incidents between May and October 2012. In total, 539 incidents were examined, involving 147 patients and 121 care plans. There was no care plan in place at the time of 151 incidents giving a compliance rate of 72%. It was documented that 40% of patients had contributed to their care plans. Thematic analysis of de‐escalation methods documented in the care plans revealed five de‐escalation themes: staff interventions, interactions, space/quiet, activities and patient strategies/skills. A sixth category, coercive strategies, was also documented. Evidence of adherence to de‐escalation elements of the care plan was documented in 58% of incidents. The reasons for the low compliance rate and very low documentation of patient involvement need further investigation. The inclusion of coercive strategies within de‐escalation documentation suggests that some staff fundamentally misunderstand de‐escalation.
Relationship among α amylase and carbonic anhydrase VI in saliva, visible biofilm, and early childhood caries: a longitudinal study
Authors: Borghi Gabriela N. , Rodrigues Lívia P. , Lopes Lenita M. , Parisotto Thais M. , Steiner‐Oliveira Carolina , Nobre‐dos‐Santos Marinês 
Published: July 2016

AimThis longitudinal study investigated the relationship among early childhood caries (ECC), α amylase, carbonic anhydrase VI (CA VI), and the presence of visible biofilm, besides detecting if these variables could predict risk for ECC.DesignOne hundred children were divided into two groups: caries group (n = 45) and caries‐free group (n = 55). Visible biofilm on maxillary incisors was recorded, followed by caries diagnosis in preschoolers at baseline and at follow‐up. Saliva samples were collected, and activities of CA VI and α amylase were determined. Data normality was assessed by Shapiro–Wilk test and then Mann–Whitney, Spearman correlation, and chi‐square tests followed by multiple logistic regression analysis (α = 0.05, 95% confidence interval).ResultsCA VI activity was significantly higher in saliva of children with caries (P ≤ 0.05), and α amylase activity was significantly higher in saliva of caries‐free children (P < 0.0001). Children with α amylase activity in saliva lower than 122.8 U/mL (OR = 3.33 P = 0.042) and visible biofilm on maxillary incisors (OR = 3.6 P = 0.009) were more likely to develop ECC than caries‐free children. A negative correlation between caries and α amylase activity was found (P = 0.0008).ConclusionsThe presence of visible biofilm and low salivary activity of α amylase may be considered risk predictors for ECC.
Depressive symptoms, college adjustment and peer support among undergraduate nursing and midwifery students
Authors: Horgan Aine , Sweeney John , Behan Laura , McCarthy Geraldine 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAimThis study aimed to identify levels of depressive symptoms, social and personal college adjustment and peer support among nursing and midwifery students.BackgroundStudent mental health is of international concern, particularly among students who are undertaking professional qualifications in health care.DesignCross‐sectional design.MethodsData were collected in 2013 using the Centre for Epidemiology Depressive Symptoms Scale, two subscales of the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire; and a subscale of the Peer Support Evaluation Inventory with 417 students in Ireland.ResultsFindings indicated that 34% of participants experienced depressive symptoms, 20% were poorly personally adjusted and 9% poorly socially adjusted. Most students had good levels of peer support. Statistically significant relationships were found between all key variables. Students in their second year of study had significantly higher rates of depressive symptoms. Participants who reported having poor relationships with their fathers were at higher risk and had more difficulties personally and socially adjusting to university life and study. The alcohol consumption of participants had a statistically significant relationship with depressive symptoms with higher consumption rates having a positive impact on symptoms.ConclusionThe mental health of undergraduates undertaking professional healthcare studies needs to be a key research, educational and clinical priority. High rates of adjustment and mental health difficulties, particularly in the second year of the programme need to be examined and more effective interventions developed.
Development and evaluation of a dietary self‐management programme for older adults with low literacy and heart disease: pilot study of feasibility and acceptability
Authors: Shao Jung‐Hua , Chen Su‐Hui 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAimsTo develop a dietary self‐management programme for salt‐, fluid‐, fat‐ and cholesterol‐intake behaviours for older adults with low literacy and heart disease and evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the programme.BackgroundEating behaviours such as fluid, salt, fat and cholesterol intake are an important factor related to heart disease outcomes. People with low literacy have difficulty following recommended health behaviours, but limited research has investigated intervention programmes for this population.DesignProgramme development and pilot testing its feasibility and acceptability. Recommendations were also collected from participants and the research assistant for future large‐scale interventions.MethodsThe study had two phases. Phase I consisted of programme development based on previous qualitative findings, a systematic review of the literature, clinical practice experience and expert opinion. In Phase II, we pilot tested the programme from January – June 2014 in a convenience sample of 10 older adults with low literacy, heart disease and recruited from a medical centre in northern Taiwan.ResultsPilot testing showed that our programme was feasible and acceptable to older adults with low literacy and heart disease. Moreover, the final version of the programme was revised based on participants’ and the research assistant's recommendations.ConclusionOur study results suggest that with guidance and assistance, older adults with low literacy and heart disease can be motivated to take action for their health and are empowered by learning how to self‐manage their heart‐healthy eating behaviours.
Twist and Snail expression in tumor and stromal cells of epithelial odontogenic tumors
Authors: Oh Kyu‐Young , Yoon Hye‐Jung , Lee Jae‐Il , Ahn Sun‐Ha , Hong Seong‐Doo 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundThe aims of this study were to evaluate expression of Twist and Snail in tumor and stromal cells of epithelial odontogenic tumors and to analyze relationships between Twist and Snail expression and between tumor and stromal expression.MethodsImmunohistochemistry was performed using Twist and Snail antibodies in 60 ameloblastomas (AMs; 20 solid/multicystic, 20 unicystic, and 20 recurrent), six ameloblastic carcinomas (ACs), 10 adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (AOTs), and six calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumors (CEOTs).ResultsA higher rate of tumor cells strongly positive for Twist was observed in AC compared to the other tumors (P = 0.019). The rate of tumor cells strongly positive for Snail tended to be higher in AC than in AM (P = 0.060). AM and AC showed a higher rate of Twist‐positive stromal cells than AOT and CEOT (P < 0.001). Tumor cells of recurrent AM showed stronger expression of Twist (P < 0.001) and Snail (P = 0.001) compared to AM without recurrence. A moderate positive correlation was observed between tumor expression of Twist and Snail (r = 0.376, P = 0.001) and between tumor and stromal expression of Snail (r = 0.334, P = 0.002).ConclusionsTwist and Snail may affect the epithelial–mesenchymal transition in AC and be involved in recurrence of AM. Stromal Twist expression may be associated with aggressive clinical behavior of epithelial odontogenic tumors. A Twist–Snail pathway may participate in the development and progression of odontogenic tumors, and tumor–stroma interaction in odontogenic tumors may be mediated by Snail.
Introduction of complementary foods with respect to French guidelines: description and associated socio‐economic factors in a nationwide birth cohort (Epifane survey)
Authors: Boudet‐Berquier Julie , Salanave Benoit , de Launay Catherine , Castetbon Katia 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe described the introduction of complementary food (ICF) during the first year of life and identify associations observed with maternal and infant characteristics. We studied 3368 children included in the Epifane cohort, France, 2012. Maternal and infant characteristics and age at introduction of 28 complementary foods were collected at birth and at 1, 4, 8 and 12 months. Kaplan–Meier plots were used to represent probabilities of ICF. A score was used as tertiles in multinomial logistic regression to identify maternal and infant factors associated with ICF agreement with French recommendations. Median age of ICF was 152 days. While 12.6% of infants received complementary food before the age of 4 months, 95% of them were introduced after 7 months. Recommendations were generally followed, except for eggs and added fats, introduced in only 23.2% and 53.1% of 1‐year‐old infants, respectively. Factors significantly associated with the first ICF score tertile (low agreement with recommendations) vs. third tertile were as follows: maternal age 18–24 years (OR = 2.24 [1.49–3.35]) or 25–29 years (OR = 1.57 [1.21–2.04]), education less than or equal to high school graduation (OR = 1.94[1.51–2.48]), birthplace in France (OR = 2.13 [1.41–3.21]), three or more children (OR = 1.70 [1.15–2.51]), no follow‐up antenatal classes (OR = 1.58 [1.22–2.04]), unemployment before and after pregnancy (OR = 1.64 [1.04–2.59]), unemployment before pregnancy and return to work within 12 months (OR = 2.06 [1.05–4.02]), no breastfeeding (OR = 2.08 [1.55–2.79]) or lasting <28 days (OR = 1.68 [1.22–2.31]) or 1–4 months (OR = 1.45 [1.08–1.96]). Recommendations concerning complementary food were generally followed. However, guidelines should be clarified and adapted to families who have difficulties in adopting them.
Molecular identification and phylogenetical analysis of dermatophyte fungi from Latin America
Authors: Garcia Garces Hans , Hrycyk Marluce F. , Giacobino Juliana , Capela Machado Gabriel , Domingos Arantes Thales , Theodoro Raquel C. , Bosco Sandra de M. G. , Bagagli Eduardo 
Published: July 2016

SummaryDermatophytes constitute a complex group of fungi, comprised of by the genera Trichophyton, Epidermophyton and Microsporum. They have the ability to degrade keratin and cause human and animal infections. Molecular techniques have made their identification faster and more accurate, and allowed important advances in phylogenetic studies. We aim to identify molecularly and to determine the phylogenetic relationships in dermatophyte fungi from Brazil and other Latin American countries, using DNA sequencing of the nuclear ribosome regions ITS1‐5.8S‐ITS2 and D1/D2. DNA of 45 dermatophytes was extracted and amplified by PCR for identification at the species level by sequencing of those ribosomal regions. The software mega 6.0 was used to establish the phylogenetic relationships via the Maximum Likelihood method. Out of 45 strains, 43 were identified by ITS (95.5%) and 100% by D1/D2 sequencing. Two strains could not be identified by ITS. Phylogenetic analyses separated the genera Trichophyton and Microsporum, which presented an uncertain relationship with Epidermophyton floccosum, depending on the ribosomal marker. Both regions can provide efficient identification of dermatophytes, whereas phylogenetic analysis revealed complex relations among dermatophyte fungi.
Functional dyspepsia susceptibility is related to CD14,GNB3,MIF, and TRPV1 gene polymorphisms in the Greek population
Authors: Triantafyllou K. , Kourikou A. , Gazouli M. , Karamanolis G. P. , Dimitriadis G. D. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundFunctional dyspepsia (FD) susceptibility might be influenced by polymorphisms of genes related to inflammation (CD14, macrophage migration inhibitory factor [MIF]), motor (GNB3), and sensory dysfunction (GNB3, TRPV1). We examined the association between CD14 rs2569190, GNB3 rs5443, MIF rs222747, and TRPV1 rs755622 gene polymorphisms with FD (Rome III criteria) in the Greek population.MethodsWe genotyped 174 dyspeptics (115 with epigastric pain syndrome; 41% Helicobacter pylori positive) and 181 controls using polymerase chain reaction‐based methods and we measured disease symptoms’ burden with a modified Gastrointestinal Symptoms Related Scale.Key ResultsHomozygous for the TT genotype and the T allele of the CD14 gene were significantly associated (OR [95% CI]) with FD (2.65 [1.42–4.94] and 1.67 [1.23–2.26], respectively). The CT, TT genotypes, and T allele frequencies of GNB3 showed also significant association with FD (2.18 [1.35–3.54], 3.46 [1.30–9.23], and 2.18 [1.48–3.19]). While heterozygous GC MIF genotype was more common in dyspeptics (1.67 [1.07–2.60]), homozygous CC genotype and the C allele of TRPV1 gene were more prevalent in controls (0.47 [0.25–0.87] and 0.69 [0.51–0.92], respectively). None of the gene polymorphism was related either to dyspepsia clinical syndrome type or to the H. pylori infection. Among dyspeptics, CD14 TT genotype was related to lower epigastric pain burden score (p<.011); CD14 CT genotype was related to higher epigastric burning and nausea burden scores (p<.04) while belching score was lower (p=.027) in MIF CG dyspeptics.Conclusion & InferencesFunctional dyspepsia susceptibility is related to CD14, GNB3, MIF, and TRPV1 gene polymorphisms, while CD14 and MIF gene variants are also associated with dyspepsia symptoms burden.