bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transgenic Corn Response to Nitrogen Rates under Corn Rootworm Pressure
Authors: Leaf Trisha , Ostlie Kenneth , Kaiser Daniel 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
Bacillus thuringiensis rootworm traits and corn rootworm feeding affected N uptake and root mass.
N uptake by DK44‐61 SSX at V6 lagged DK46‐60 VT3 and DK 44‐92 RR2.
DK44‐92 RR2 had a larger root system at V6 than either DK46‐60 VT3 or DK44‐61 SSX.
Rootworm injury limited N uptake, root mass of DK44‐92 at V12 compared to Bt hybrids.
Root mass, trait efficacy, and root injury interplay with N rate have insect resistance management implications.
Recommended N rates for corn (Zea mays L.) typically consider yield, economic, and environmental dimensions, but not optimal protection by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Berliner‐based traits against corn rootworm (CRW) (Diabrotica spp.). This research explored N rate effects on CRW trait performance under CRW pressure. The experiment featured a split‐plot randomized complete block design with factorial treatment combinations of N rates and hybrids differing in CRW traits. Root mass, N uptake, CRW efficacy, and grain yield data were collected from two locations in 2011. Root mass at growth stage V6 (before CRW injury) increased with N rate and was greater in the Roundup Ready (RR2) hybrid (Monsanto, St. Louis, MO) by 30.6%. Nitrogen uptake was similar between VT Triple (VT3) (Monsanto, St. Louis, MO) and the RR2 hybrids, which exceeded the SmartStax (SSX) (Monsanto, St. Louis, MO: Dow AgroSciences Indianapolis, IN) hybrid by 12.5%. By growth stage V12, CRW injury in the RR2 vs. Bt hybrids reduced N uptake by 42.0%, Beetle emergence was reduced 66 to 91% by Bt hybrids. Yield response to N differed between hybrids at only one site: the CRW‐injured RR2 hybrid was unable to utilize increasing N rates while the SSX hybrid did not plateau. Recommended N rates (134–185 kg N per ha−1) were sufficient to optimize root mass, N uptake, root protection, and yield under a low stress, modest CRW‐pressure environment: however, low N resulted in poor performance of these hybrids, suggesting further exploration of N rate effects when N loss or denitrification is present.
Molecular Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae in Roots of Juniperus virginiana Invasive to Grasslands
Authors: Liang Zhanbei B. , Lee Donald J. , Dweikat Ismail M. , Wedin David A. , Yuen Gary Y. , Drijber Rhae A. 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
Glomus spp. dominate the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) community in eastern red cedar (ERC) roots.
Young seedlings harbor the most diverse AMF, similar to grassland soils from the same site.
AMF diversity within ERC roots tended to decrease with plant age suggesting narrower plant and edaphic selection pressures with increasing ERC stand density.
A change in biotic and abiotic factors resulting from displacement of grassland with ERC is likely responsible for successional changes in the AMF community.
Eastern red cedar (ERC; Juniperus virginiana) is an invasive species of juniper native to eastern North America that causes significant economic loss to grasslands. Recent findings of high molecular diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in soils under ERC stands led us to consider that the invasiveness of ERC into grasslands may arise in part from its ability to form associations with extant grassland AMF communities. The diversity of AMF in roots of ERC was determined for five age groups ranging from 1 to 65 yr old and varying in stand density from individual seedlings in grassland (<5 yr) to closed ERC canopies devoid of grass species (65 yr). Roots were analyzed by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprinting, cloning, and insert screening by DGGE, and sequencing of ribosomal DNA small‐subunit regions. Phylogenetically analyzed AMF sequences were used to define phylotypes. The majority of the sequences obtained were classified into Glomus Group A, with only a few belonging to Gigasporaceae and Acaulosporaceae, the latter two largely restricted to roots from ERC < 5 yr old. The richness of phylotypes tended to decrease with time, ranging from 11 in the youngest age group (1–5 yr) to 4 in the oldest age group (46–65 yr). Abundance of phylotypes varied greatly among the age groups. Overall, AMF diversity within ERC roots tended to decrease with plant age suggesting narrower plant and edaphic selection pressures with increasing ERC stand density.
Lessons Learnt: Sharing Soil Knowledge to Improve Land Management and Sustainable Soil Use
Authors: Lobry de Bruyn Lisa , Jenkins Abigail , Samson-Liebig Susan 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
Acknowledge the role of experiential knowledge in informing soil use and management.
Investigate knowledge needs and discourse in a deeper and all‐encompassing way.
Train work‐ready graduates who can succeed as existing staff retire.
Form knowledge partnerships with genuine commitment, trust and social cohesion.
Broaden the way the discipline communicates and engages with social networks.
Provide a dynamic learning environment which balances the digital and real world.
Evaluate impact of activities and appraise their worth through reflection.
Our aim was to examine the challenges and opportunities to soil knowledge sharing in the 21st Century. Soil can only be effectively managed if we are better connected to it by being well‐informed and with appropriate support. A central observation has been the diminishing human capital and capacity in the sectors of higher education, training and outreach, and the ramifications for knowledge sharing between the various groups: educators, policymakers, researchers, outreach agents and practitioners (including the public). We encourage a movement away from a linear learning model to a socially constructivist learning approach to address the consequences of declining resources, including: a loss of legacy soil information, moribund social networks, loss of experienced outreach staff, and finally a loss of expertise in soil science to prepare graduates for the workplace with improved soil knowledge and practical experiences. Blurring the lines between knowledge generator and user will encourage solutions for the sustainable use of soil from outside traditional knowledge‐holders. We suggest the solution, to a shrinking on‐the‐ground presence, is to invest in relationships and social networks to foster understanding of soil‐building practices and achieve wider adoption of technologies. We need to balance placing information in a digital environment with providing opportunities for sharing information via interpersonal interactions, over a sustained period. This opinion piece reflects on how soil education, training and outreach can form a genuine partnership between those with experience and those with expertise to create a dynamic learning environment with a high probability of ensuring a more sustainably managed landscape.
Spatiotemporal Scaling of Vegetation Growth and Soil Formation: Explicit Predictions
Authors: Hunt A. G. 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
Universal exponents of percolation describe vegetation growth and soil formation.
The variability in the coefficient of vegetation growth relates to evapotranspiration.
The variability in the coefficient for soil formation relates to net infiltration.
The variability in the coefficient of net primary productivity relates to nutrients.
In a previous study, vegetation linear extent and soil depth as functions of time were proposed to follow percolation‐based scaling laws of power‐law form. Although the power‐law exponents are specified by theory, the fundamental length, x0, and time, t0, scales must be generated from physical arguments. In principle, these length and time scales can vary widely with climate, soil, and plant variables. In the previous study, approximate values, microns and seconds, were proposed for x0 and t0, based on typical soil flow rates, x0/t0, under saturated conditions, and the concept of a single pore having a diameter measured in microns. But the focus here is on development of predictive relationships for soil depth and vegetation linear extent as functions of time and, thus, on guidance for choosing specific values for x0 and t0. In the present study, it is argued that the relevant flow rate for soil formation is net (deep) infiltration, whereas for vegetation extent, the relevant flux must equate to transpiration. In vegetation, linear extent refers (approximately) equivalently to plant height, or root radial extent. Here root radial extent is taken as half the diameter of the projected root system. Since the root radial extent and the root biomass are by definition related through the root fractal dimensionality, the proposed relevance of transpiration to root radial extent implies a specific relationship between transpiration and root productivity, a measure of the root biomass added in a year. When above‐ground and below‐ground biomass are closely related, one can infer a proportionality of net primary productivity to root biomass changes. The general concepts are tested on large data‐bases for the temporal evolution of plant heights and soil depths, as well as the productivity as a function of evapotranspiration and soil calcic and gypsic horizon depths.
La educación: una puerta a la felicidad
Authors: Barrios Tao Hernando , Siciliani Barraza José María , Parra Rozo Omar Antonio 
Published: June 2017

La narrativa se constituye en una herramienta didáctica determinante en los procesos formativos. Más allá de una serie de fórmulas y parámetros, el acto educativo constituye una forma de vida diaria en el que se intercambian conocimientos y experiencias. Los docentes y los estudiantes abren la puerta del saber y se enfrentan a terrenos diversos, en los cuales se desencadenan dispositivos cognitivos, afectivos, personales y sociales que hacen alusión a los adelantos de la ciencia, la pedagogía y el arte. La búsqueda que se emprende en la educación debe ser placentera y no debe suponer una obligación sino un pasaje feliz. La forma más fructífera de transitar por el camino investigativo y formativo se da a través de ejemplos, de profesores que muestran sus experiencias y de problemas que presentan soluciones basadas en la creatividad. Lo extraordinario y lo desconocido se convierten en el pan diario de la educación.
Towards Neuroresponsibility's model: a perspective of social responsibility since human development
Authors: Martí Noguera Juan José , Martí-Vilar Manuel , Puerta Lopera Isabel Cristina 
Published: June 2017

The rise of neuroscience's study, based on the technological development that allows to investigate brain processes by neuroimaging, has led to a new research area which after the neuro prefix covers studies such as neuroeconomics, neuromarketing and social neuroscience . This paper provides a review based on different research projects with the aim of presenting social responsibility, often conceptually linked to organizational paradigms, as an evolutionary trend of neurological human development, which could be called Neuro-responsibility.
Big Data Analytics: Opportunity or Threat for the Accounting Profession?
Authors: Richins Greg , Stapleton Andrea , Stratopoulos Theophanis C. , Wong Christopher 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Contrary to Frey and Osborne's (2013) prediction that the accounting profession faces extinction, we argue that accountants can still create value in a world of Big Data analytics. To advance this position, we provide a conceptual framework based on structured/unstructured data and problem-driven/exploratory analysis. We argue that accountants already excel at problem-driven analysis of structured data, are well positioned to play a leading role in the problem-driven analysis of unstructured data, and can support data scientists performing exploratory analysis on Big Data. Our argument rests on two pillars: accountants are familiar with structured datasets, easing the transition to working with unstructured data, and possess knowledge of business fundamentals. Thus, rather than replacing accountants, we argue that Big Data analytics complements accountants' skills and knowledge. However, educators, standard setters, and professional bodies must adjust their curricula, standards, and frameworks to accommodate the challenges of Big Data analytics.
Management Control Systems for Creative Teams: Managing Stylistic Creativity in Fashion Companies
Authors: Davila Antonio , Ditillo Angelo 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
We use a field research design to examine management control systems in creative teams working in fashion firms. The study is structured as an in-depth case study followed by five additional cases. We find management control systems to be deeply embedded in the work environment of creative teams. They are designed to define, negotiate, and legitimize the designs that emerge from the creation process. We identify a set of systems (directional) that define the creative space of design teams and that work as interfaces with the rest of the company. We also find a set of systems (inspirational) that guide the creative process to enhance novelty and provide a common vision to support consistency across the overall collection of products designed. In addition, our analysis documents how firms following different strategies—fine fashion versus mass market—design these systems differently to adapt their creative process to their strategic demands.
Factores de riesgo para infección respiratoria aguda en los barrios Ciudad Jardín y Pinos de Oriente, Tunja, Colombia
Authors: Corredor Gamba Sandra Patricia , Umbacia Salas Flor Angela , Sandoval-Cuellar Carolina , Rojas Pilar 
Published: June 2017

La infección respiratoria aguda es la principal causa de muerte en niños menores de cinco años. Diversos factores de riesgo se relacionan con su desarrollo, como el tabaquismo, las condiciones de la vivienda y la lactancia materna. Objetivo. Identificar los factores de riesgo asociados con la infección respiratoria aguda en un grupo de niños menores de 12 años de Ciudad Jardín y Pinos de Oriente, Tunja, en 2013. Materiales y métodos. Se trata de un estudio observacional de tipo descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo. La población estudiada fueron 200 niños menores de 12 años. Mediante muestreo aleatorio simple, se obtuvo una muestra de 136 niños, se encuestó a los acudientes de los niños y se registraron los datos en el instrumento diseñado para tal fin. Resultados. En la población estudiada existen factores de riesgo para la infección respiratoria aguda, principalmente: tiempo de lactancia (OR=1,11; IC95% 0,19-6,21), número de ventanas de la vivienda (OR=2,43; IC95% 0,52-11,20), tipo de piso de la vivienda (OR=6,21; IC95% 0,0-1,3) y tabaquismo en la madre (OR=4,08; IC95% 0,0-1,8). Conclusiones. Como factores de riesgo de infección respiratoria aguda, se encontraron el hecho que la vivienda cuente con piso de tierra y el que la madre sea fumadora. Palabras clave: factores de riesgo, enfermedad respiratoria, niño
Validación del test de Fagerström para adicción a la nicotina (FTND)
Authors: Roa-Cubaque Marcela América , Parada-Sierra Zulma Estefanía , Albarracín-Guevara Yudy , Alba-Castro Eli , Aunta-Piracon Mariluz , Ortiz-León María 
Published: June 2017

Introducción. El tabaquismo es causa de enfermedad respiratoria y factor de riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares, cáncer y otras enfermedades. Las intervenciones desarrolladas están orientadas al conocimiento del tabaquismo en fumadores, orientando un diagnóstico basado en la utilización de diversas pruebas que se han convertido en instrumento de evaluación, lo cual ha generado la necesidad de conocer las propiedades psicométricas de las pruebas utilizadas.
Objetivo. Validación del test de Fagerström para adicción a la nicotina.
Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal y descriptivo de evaluación de tecnología diagnóstica, y muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se incluyó una población de 200 fumadores activos de la Universidad de Boyacá. Se evaluaron seis preguntas que conforman el test, mediante la prueba de esfericidad de Bartlett, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin y alfa de Cronbach.
Resultados. La prueba de esfericidad de Bartlett resultó estadísticamente significativa, lo cual sugiere la existencia de correlaciones dentro de la matriz de seis preguntas. La prueba de comunalidad es de utilidad en la determinación de los grupos o los factores que se describen en el test para establecer la adicción física a la nicotina. La variación total explicable de las seis preguntas que corresponden a la versión corta del test de Fagerström dio cuenta del 47,7 % de variabilidad.
Conclusiones. Las propiedades psicométricas del test permiten su utilización en el diagnóstico de tabaquismo según la adicción a la nicotina del fumador, sin presentar diferencias en la comprensión por parte de los fumadores y teniendo resultado fiables.
Palabras clave: validez de las pruebas, reproducibilidad de resultados, nicotina.
¿Es adecuado hacer antropología filosófica desde una visión de ningún lugar? Is It Appropriate to Do Philosophical Anthropology from a Vision of no Place?
Authors: Galán Velez Francisco 
Published: June 2017

La propuesta filosófica fundamental de Thomas Nagel es buscar una visión absoluta, que evite los sesgos y trate de ser imparcial, a la que llama una visión de ningún lugar. El artículo analiza las implicaciones de tal postura para la antropología filosófica. Se hace una valoración positiva de su fuerte rechazo al naturalismo, y de su talante de apertura filosófica, honestidad y valor, que lo posiciona como un filósofo analítico sui generis que marcha a contra corriente. Se valora también su pretensión de que la filosofía debe retomar las cuestiones sustantivas del sentido de la vida desde una reflexión sobre el universo entero. Se critica que la visión de ningún lugar no incluya suficientemente el problema de otros puntos de vista, por ser demasiado deudora, aún, de la ciencia y de la perspectiva del observador. Thomas Nagel’s main philosophical project is to search for an absolute vision or absolute viewpoint that avoids biases and tries to be impartial, which Nagel calls the view from nowhere. This paper examines the implications of such stance for philosophical anthropology. Specifically, a positive evaluation is made of Nagel’s strong rejection of naturalism and of his philosophical spirit of openness, honesty and courage, both which distinguishes him as a unique analytic philosopher that goes countercurrent. Also, the paper welcomes Nagel’s proposal that philosophy should address again substantive issues about the meaning of life from a re ection about the whole universe. However, a critique is made on the basis that the view from nowhere does not fully take into consideration the problem of other perspectives because it is too indebted, still, to science and to the observer’s perspective.
Karakteristik dan Analisis Drug Related Problems (DRPs) Pasien Penderita Tuberkulosis Di Puskesmas Temindung Samarinda Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Fauziah Nurul , Ahmad Islamudin , Ibrahim Arsyik 
Published: June 2017

A study concerning the characteristics and Analysis of Drug Related Problems (DRPs) Patients with Tuberculosis Patients in Public Health Center (PHC) Temindung, Samarinda in East Kalimantan. The study was conducted using a prospective approach to the study of data sources in the form of primary data and secondary data. The primary data source is data from interviews with patients and through the provision of questionnaires and secondary data in this research is a Tuberculosis patient medical record data. Data collection was performed by analyzing the accuracy of the DRPs categories of accuracy of drugs, side effects and patient non-compliance. As well as the data recorded in the form of research support patient characteristics are age, sex, and education. Data were analyzed descriptively. Data obtained from patients with male gender 63.6% and women 36.4. Patient with age <15 years 4.5%, aged between 15-50 years and 68.2% aged> 50 years 27.3% . Based on the patient's level of education, no school 9.1%, graduated from elementary school22.7%, graduated from high school18.2%, graduated from high school40.1%, scholar 9.1%. Incidence of DRPs on drugs interactions 507%. Tuberculosis patient compliance rate of 81.8% in PHC Temindung adherent patients and 18.2% of patients do not comply
Keywords: Tuberculosis, Drug Related Problems (DRPs) drugs interactions and patient compliance

ABSTRAK
Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang Karakteristik dan Analisis Drug Related Problems(DRPs) Pasien Penderita Tuberkulosis di Puskesmas Temindung, Samarinda Kalimantan Timur. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan prospektif dengan sumber data penelitian berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Sumber data primer adalah data hasil wawancara dengan pasien dan melalui pemberian kuisioner sedangkan data sekunder dalam penelitian ini adalah data rekam medik pasien Tuberkulosis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menganalisis DRPs kategori interaksi obat dan ketidakpatuhan pasien. Serta dicatat data pendukung penelitian berupa karakteristik pasien yaitu usia, jenis kelamin, dan tingkat pendidikan.Data dianalisis secara deskriptif.Dari data yang diperoleh pasien dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki 63,6% danperempuan 36,4%.Pasien yang berusia < 15 tahun 4,5%, usia antara 15-50 tahun 68,2% dan usia > 50 tahun 27,3%. Berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan pasien, tidak sekolah 9,1%,lulus SD 22,7%,lulus SMP 18,2%,lulus SMA 40,1%, sarjana 9,1%. Kejadian DRPs mengenai interaksi obat 50%.Tingkat kepatuhan pasien Tuberkulosis di Puskesmas Temindung 81,8% pasien patuh dan 18,2% pasien tidak patuh.
Kata kunci: Tuberkulosis, Drug Related Problems (DRPs), Interaksi Obat, Kepatuhan pasien.
Karakteristik Pasien dan Pengobatan Penderita Skizofrenia Di RSJD Atma Husada Mahakam Samarinda
Authors: Nisa Aulia , Fitriani Victoria Yulita , Ibrahim Arsyik 
Published: June 2017

Schizophrenia is a combination of psychotic symptoms with personality disorders typical distortion. The frequency of schizophrenia in Indonesia is 1-3 people per 1000 people , and in developed countries is 1 in every 100 people with schizophrenia. The research Patient Characteristics and Treatment of Patients with Schizophrenia in Mental Health Hospital Atma Husada Mahakam Samarinda was done by analyzing the data obtained from the medical records unit. Analysis method used is descriptive qualitative method. The results are 62,05% male patients and 37,95% female patients, 96,97% patients in productive age and 76,51% does not have job. The causes of schizophrenia are 19,28% genetic and 80,72% non genetic. The selection of medication given to patients consists of antipsychotics, hypnotics and sedatives, antiparkinson, antihistamines, antiepileptic, and antidepressants.
Keyword: Schizophrenia, Patient Characteristics, Medication.
Abstrak
Skizofrenia merupakan serangkaian gejala psikotik dengan gangguan kepribadian distorsi khas pada proses pikir. Frekuensi skizofrenia di Indonesia adalah 1-3 orang setiap 1000 orang, dan pada negara maju terdapat 1 orang skizofrenia pada setiap 100 orang. Penelitian Karakteristik Pasien dan Pengobatan Penderita Skizofrenia di RSJD Atma Husada Mahakam Samarinda telah dilakukan dengan menganalisa data yang diperoleh dari unit rekam medik. Metode analisa yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasilnya adalah pasien pria 62,05% dan pasien wanita 37,95%, pasien rentang usia produktif 96,97% dan tidak memiliki pekerjaan 76,51%. Penyebab skizofrenia 19,28% genetik dan 80,72% non genetik. Pemilihan obat yang diberikan kepada pasien penderita skizofrenia terdiri dari antipsikotik, hipnotik dan sedatif, antiparkinson, antihistamin, antiepilepsi, dan antidepresan.
Kata Kunci: Skizofrenia, Karakteristik Pasien, Pengobatan.