bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of patients with periprosthetic infection and management of Paprosky type 2C cavitary defects at the stage of articulating spacer installation
Authors: Rozhkov N. I. , Ermakov A. M. , Triapichnikov A. S. , Sazonova N. V. 
Published: October 2024

Introduction Due to the constant increase in the number of primary and revision hip arthroplasties, the incidence of complications has been also increasing. Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is the most common and dangerous complication in joint arthroplasty, including PJI with cavitary defects of the acetabulum (Paprosky type 2C).The purpose of the work was to demonstrate successful results of managing acetabular defects in patients with periprosthetic infection at the stage of installing an articulating spacer.Materials and methods The patients underwent surgical management of cavitary defects of the acetabulum with allobone plastic material at the stage of installation of an articulating spacer impregnated with antibacterial drugs. A clinical and functional assessment of the effectiveness of treatment of patients with PJI of the hip joint, who underwent bone grafting of acetabular defects at the first stage of two-stage revision arthroplasty, was carried out. Remission of the infectious process was assessed according to the ICM 2013 (International Consensus Meeting), and the function of the affected limb was assessed according to the HHS (Harris Hip Score).Results At a 6-month follow-up after implantation, there were no clinical and laboratory manifestations of PJI and radiological signs of instability of the implant components. Bone grafting was evaluated to be satisfactory; the function of the affected joint restored to 80–90 to HHS points. Remission of the infectious process according to ICM was achieved.Discussion Clinical cases studied demonstrate a positive result of treatin PJI with plastic surgery of cavitary defects of the acetabular bottom at the stage of articulating spacer installation. Filling acetabular defects at the sanitizing stage (implantation of a spacer) subsequently provides improvement of primary fixation and osseointegration of the acetabular component when converting the spacer to a permanent implant. This is due to an increase in the contact area of the acetabular component with bone tissue (native bone and remodeled allobone material).Conclusion The treatment of the first clinical case improved joint function from 24 to 85 HHS points, and in the second from 27 to 76 HHS points. The use of defect filling techniques enabled to stop the infection and improve functional results.
An observational study on menstrual hygiene practices among adolescents girls attending zilla parishad high school at Kommadi village in Visakhapatnam
Authors: Kiran E Ravi , Raju M. Satyanarayana 
Published: October 2024

Under RMNCH+A strategy, adolescent health program is relatively a new concept, particularly for female gender, and has been considered to be a continuum of health services up to adolescent age. The priority interventions among adolescent girls are, nutrition, Adolescent Friendly Health clinics (AFHCs), Counselling, Menstrual hygiene and preventive health checkups. Menstrual hygiene component has been taken for the present study among the adolescent girls in a Zilla Parishad High School aged 10 to 19 years. Rastriya Kishora Swastya Karyakram (RKSK) is broader one including both gender for distinct health services in India. : To study the association of various socio- economic and cultural practices influencing the usage of sanitary napkins by menstruating adolescent school girls. : Cross sectional study among menstruating adolescent girls in a Zilla Parishad High School at Kommadi village. 198 adolescent girls were randomly selected for study using semi structured questionnaire. Each menstruating girl is questioned categorically (yes/no) as per the structured questionnaire covering socio economic status, literacy of mother, awareness about ASHA etc. Appropriate statistical tests like frequencies, percentages and chi-square tests are applied to analyse and interpret the collected data.Socio-demographic factors of the target population in the community from where the adolescent girls attending zilla Parishad High school were subjected to study and found that 19(22%) adolescent girls having white ration card are using sanitary napkin. 46% of sanitary napkin users in our study are aware of using cloth available in the house during menstruation. 39 (52%) adolescent girls using sanitary napkin are aware of ASHA worker visiting their colony. One of the family members, either mother or elder sister being a member in Self Help Group in the colony is influencing the usage of sanitary napkin 46 (50.5%). Habit of Over-the-Counter drugs usage in the family has significantly (55%) influenced the adolescent school girls in using sanitary napkin. School drop-outs 51(62.9%) are also observed among sanitary napkin users during menstruation.: The usage of sanitary napkin replacing the traditional home-made cloth is highly essential for proper menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls attending the school regularly without drop out. The role of ASHA workers and other paramedical staff in the community cannot be undermined.
Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and risk profiling among urban adults of a southern Indian city
Authors: Gopinath S  , Nagaraj Neha 
Published: October 2024

The global demographic and epidemiological transitions are increasing the burden of non-communicable diseases, with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) being the leading cause of mortality. Due to limited risk estimation studies in India, this study was conducted to address this gap, following the WHO's risk approach for CVD prevention. The aim is to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors and predict CVD risk among study subjects using a modified WHO STEPS questionnaire and WHO/ISH risk charts. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a South Indian city from September 2022 to November 2022 with a sample size of 198, using the WHO/ISH risk prediction tool to assess CVD risk factors. Data analysis was performed with Microsoft Excel and SPSS 21, using descriptive analysis for baseline demographics, Chi-square tests for associations, and multinomial logistic regression to identify independent CVD risk factors. The most prevalent risk factors were hypertension (36.9%), obesity (27.8%), dyslipidemia (27.7%), diabetes mellitus (21.7%), low physical activity (15.7%), smoking (13.1%), and alcohol intake (12.1%). Among participants, 16.5% had a high (&#62;20%), 16% had a moderate (10-20%), and 67.5% had a low (&#60;10%) risk of a fatal/non-fatal cardiovascular event in the next 10 years. Risk factors significantly associated with CVD (P&#60;0.05) included age &#62;40 years, dyslipidemia, physical inactivity, junk food consumption, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. In the multinomial logistic regression model, age, physical inactivity, diabetes, and hypertension were significant predictors for both high and moderate risk.Our study found a higher proportion of participants with high cardiovascular risk, with physical inactivity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension being significant predictors, and diabetes mellitus having the highest odds. The WHO/ISH chart proved useful for estimating CVD risk in resource-limited settings.
Study of delayed deaths in hanging: Unravelling post-obstructive pulmonary oedema as the primary cause of death
Authors: Sheikh Mohammed Iliyas , Kanani Jayeshkumar , Tailor Chandresh I 
Published: October 2024

Suicide by hanging is a significant public health concern globally, with delayed deaths presenting unique challenges in understanding the underlying pathophysiology.In this observational study, cases of suicidal hanging resulting in delayed death were isolated, and comprehensive analyses were performed. Data collection included detailed histories of the suicidal attempts, circumstances surrounding the events, medical treatment records, and thorough autopsy examinations, including histopathological analyses. : This study aims to investigate cases of delayed death by hanging and analyse the associated pathophysiological mechanisms.Three cases of delayed death by hanging were identified and analysed in this study. Each case involved individuals who initially survived the suicidal attempts and received medical treatment. Despite efforts, all three individuals succumbed to their injuries after a period of time. Autopsy findings revealed characteristic signs of hanging, along with evidence of post-obstructive pulmonary edema as the cause of death in each case. This study highlights the occurrence of delayed deaths following suicidal hanging and underscores the importance of understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms involved. The identification of post-obstructive pulmonary edema as a significant contributor to mortality in these cases emphasizes the need for timely and effective medical interventions to mitigate adverse outcomes in individuals who survive hanging attempts.
THE EFFECT OF PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE PENTABIO, AND MULTI-INJECTION IMMUNIZATION EDUCATION ON KNOWLEDGE AND ACCEPTANCE OF MULTI-INJECTION IMMUNIZATION
Authors: Ayu Wulansari  , Puspitasari Dwiyanti , Ningtyas Woro Setia 
Published: October 2024

Background: Pneumonia is the main caused of morbidity and mortality in children under five years of worldwide. According to the Health Profile Data (2021), the province with the highest coverage of pneumonia among under-fives was in East Java (50%) and in Blitar Regency at 40%. Indonesia was tried to control pneumonia by increasing PCV immunization efforts. PCV immunization is first given at the age of two months along with pentabio immunization or known as multi injectable immunization. Based on the results of a preliminary study conducted at the Talun Primary Health Care in Blitar Regency on pregnant women in the 3rd trimester and mothers who have babies aged 0-2 months, it was found that 71% of mothers did not know about the existence of multiple immunization injections between pcv and pentabio. Knowledge about one's health can be done by providing health education. This study aims to analyze the effect of health education on knowledge of PCV immunization, pentabio and multi-injection immunization and acceptance of multi-injection immunization in respondents. Methods: This study used pre-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest. The number of samples was 40 respondents with sampling techniques used purposive sampling. The independent variable was health education which was given once with lecture method. The dependent variable was knowledge and acceptance of multi-injection immunization. The instrument used was a questionnaire. Data analysis used Wilcoxon signed rank test and Mc Nemar test. Results: After providing education showed that the knowledge of respondents in the good category increased from 25% to 95%, in the sufficient category 5% and there were no respondents in the poor category. Acceptance of multiple immunization injections after providing education showed that respondents receiving multiple immunization injections increased from 30% to 97.5%. Wilcoxon signed rank test results p = ≤0.01 and Mc nemar test results p = ≤0.01, indicating significant effect of pneumococcal conjugated vaccine, pentabio, and multi-injection immunization education on knowledge and acceptance of multi-injection immunization. Conclusion: There is an effect of providing education on pneumococcal conjugated vaccine, pentabio, and multi-injection immunization on knowledge and acceptance of multi-injection immunization
HUSBANDS' PERCEPTIONS AND EXPERIENCES IN CARING FOR WIFE WITH CERVICAL CANCER: A QUALITATIVE PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY
Authors: Komariyah Siti Nurul , Fitriana Farida , Lestari Pudji 
Published: October 2024

Background: Cervical cancer ranks fourth for cancer that is often experienced by women worldwide and all ages with an estimated 604,127 new cases (6.5%), 342,000 deaths and about 90% of these cases occurred in low- and middle-income countries in 2020. In terms of psychoneuroimmunology, physical and emotional stress can have an impact on the immune system. Husband support with anxiety levels in cervical cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, data was obtained that 7 out of 12 cervical cancer patients experience lower levels of anxiety when getting support from their husbands because patients feel more comfortable, calm and happy. This study aims to explore the perceptions and experiences of husbands while caring for their wives suffering from cervical cancer. Method: This research was conducted using qualitative methods with a phenomenological approach. The research subjects or informants in this study are husbands who treat wives with cervical cancer at Dr. Soetomo Surabaya Hospital who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria From the results of semi-structured interviews, the researcher took the following steps, organizing and preparing the data to be analyzed, reading and viewing all the data, coding all the data, using the coding as material for creating descriptions, connecting between themes, and providing interpretation and meaning about the theme.Result: In this study, researchers found four dominant perceptions of husbands caring for their wives who had cervical cancer. These perceptions are most participants did not know about cervical cancer, all participants felt negative emotions when they learned about the complaints experienced by wives, various forms of support were given by participants to wives, all participants hoped for the recovery of wives. In the section on husbands' experiences in caring for wives with cervical cancer, researchers found five experiences experienced by husbands. These experiences include: all participants' wives experienced bleeding complaints, all participants experienced changes in terms of conjugal sexual relations, most participants had bad concerns about wife disease, the majority of participants never used poly palliative or pain-free services, most participants hoped that administrative services at Dr. Soetomo Surabaya Hospital would be faster. Conclusion: Cervical cancer affects and changes all aspects of women's lives and their families including for husbands of patients, therefore the care given to cervical cancer patients should be carried out holistically
STRESS, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND DIETARY INTAKE ARE ASSOCIATED WITH DYSMENORRHEA AMONG FEMALE STUDENTS
Authors: Syamsudi Nur Anindya , Mayasari Noor Rohmah , Solihah Lini Anisfatus 
Published: October 2024

Background: The estimated prevalence of dysmenorrhea ranges from 45% to 93% of women of reproductive age. Approximately 10–15% of women complain about severe pain, resulting in a negative impact on their daily activities. Factors that cause dysmenorrhea are physical activity, nutritional status, dietary intake, stress, and body mass index. This study explores the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and investigates its correlation with physical activity, stress, and Dietary Intake among female students studying nutrition in Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia. Method: This research was cross sectional analytic descriptive study with minimum sample size of 114 female students. Primary data was collected using a set of questionnaires. Dysmenorrhea pain was assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Stress levels were measured by employing the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 42 (DASS 42). Physical activity using The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Dietary data including intakes of energy, iron, folate, and B12 was assessed using non-consecutive 3x24 hours food records, representing 2 weekdays and a weekend. The data were analyzed using chi-square for category data and one-way anova for continuous data. Result: Dietary intake especially vitamin B12 (p=0.02) were associated to the level of dysmenorrhea, whereas stress (p=0.36) and physical activity (p=0.82) was not associated of dysmenorrhea. Conclusion: This study emphasized the high prevalence of dysmenorrhea among female college students studying Nutrition, revealing important connections between stress, physical activity and dietary intake. Additionally, the research revealed a significant relationship between dietary intake (vitamin B12) and dysmenorrhea.
Theory and Experiment on Rock-Cutter Interfacial Friction and Rock Mohr-Coulomb Parameter Estimations
Authors: Ling Xianwu , Ji Guodong , Hu Huaigang , Wu Qiang , Li Liu , Huang Hongchun 
Published: October 2024

Summary
The Mohr-Coulomb (M-C) failure criteria is by far the most widely used model for granular materials (including rocks and soils) in many geotechnical industries due to its simplicity. Its parameters are conventionally obtained by performing a series of pressurized triaxial compression tests (TCTs). The peak stress from each confining pressure is plotted at a single point as the maximum vs. the minimum principal stresses. The M-C parameters are obtained by the best linear fitting through the failure envelope formed by the peak stress points of interest. The TCT is time-consuming, costly, and destructive.
Is there an experiment that can provide the failure envelope with one single test, even at the atmospheric pressure? This seems impossible, at least has never been rigorously reported. In this work, we present our finding of such a test. The paper first provides the experimental setup and the theoretical solution for a hemispherical scratch test of a polycrystalline diamond cutter (PDC) at low rate of cut (ROC) and low depth of cut (DOC); the theoretical characteristic response of the test is identified and validated. Next, the formula for the rock-cutter interfacial coefficient of friction (COF) is derived, which provides a theoretical guide for the friction measurement for shaped cutters. Then, the nominal average drag and thrust stresses are evaluated, which are observed experimentally and then proved theoretically to behave in a linear relation, analogous to the M-C envelope from the TCTs. We also provide a first method that can self-consistently evaluate the M-C parameters for the crushed zone, which plays a very important role in rock cutting. By comparing the M-C results for three rocks at different loading conditions, good agreements under different scratch conditions are made against the M-C parameters for several rocks from the TCTs.
Synthesized Crosslinking Suspension Stabilizer for Spacer Fluid in High-Temperature Conditions: Synthesis, Behavior, and Mechanism Research
Authors: Zhang Baowen , Huang Sheng , Li Zaoyuan , Su Donghua , Tang Shizhong , Gao Yuan , Luo Zhiguo , Chen Jian 
Published: October 2024

Summary
High-temperature stability of spacer fluid is a vital prerequisite to ensure the safety of cementing operations in deep or ultradeep wells. Faced with this problem, the thermal stability of the suspension agent in the spacer fluid at high temperatures is improved from the aspects of polymerization monomer and molecular chain. A terpolymer SAD was synthesized by free radical polymerization of sodium styrene sulfonate (SSS), acrylamide (AM), and N, N’-diethylacrylamide (DEAA) in aqueous solution. The name of the terpolymer, SAD, is the initial letter composition of the three polymerization monomers. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) can improve the molecular chain structure of SAD by transamidation reaction with the amide group in SAD, so a high temperature suspension agent PSAD (polyethyleneimine + SAD) was obtained by compounding PEI with SAD. The structure and properties of PSAD were characterized by Fourier infrared spectroscopy, hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and viscosity test. In addition, the comprehensive properties of the spacer fluid under the action of PSAD are evaluated. The results showed that the crosslinking degree of PSAD gradually increased with the increase in temperature. After aging at 200°C, the decomposition temperature of PSAD was 305°C, which show terrific thermal stability. At the same time, the spacer fluid prepared by PSAD not only has excellent rheological properties in the range of 90 ~ 200°C but also keeps the density difference between the upper and lower parts of the slurry less than 0.02 g/cm3 and the filtration loss of the slurry less than 50 mL.
Interconvertible and rejuvenated Lewis acidic electrolyte additive
for lean electrolyte lithium sulfur batteries
Authors: Kim Hee-Tak , Cho Hannah , Jung Jinkwan , Kim Ilju , Kim Jinuk , Kim Sejin , Hyun Jonghyun , Lee Chang Hoon , Kwack Hobeom , Oh Wonsik , Lee Jinwoo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Realizing practical lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) with high energy density requires a lean electrolyte design. However, under low electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) ratios, highly concentrated lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) in the electrolyte phase limit cycling and capacity. Here, we report that a small amount of Lewis acidic calcium cation (Ca2+) in the electrolyte addresses the problems of lean electrolyte LSB. Because of its strong Lewis acidity, Ca2+ readily converts LiPSs into CaS and S8, preventing electrolyte jamming, PS shuttle and Li corrosion. The in situ formed CaS catalyzes the reduction reaction of LiPSs. Ca2+ can be rejuvenated via the electrochemical oxidation of CaS during charging, enabling a sustainable interconversion between Ca2+ and CaS during cycling. Li-S pouch cells with Ca2+ additive delivered an impressive energy density of 493 Wh kg−1 with 70% capacity retention (E/S ratio of 2.4 μL mg-1) at 220 cycle, and 346 Wh kg-1 with 77% capacity retention (2.9 μL mg-1) at 360 cycle. The judicious integration of lithium-sulfur and calcium-sulfur chemistries offers a handy but effective approach to overcome the long-lasting trade-off between energy density and cycling stability in the development of LSBs.
Nanoscale One-Way Valve Permeation Energy Harvesting Technology: Principles, Methods, Experimental Verification and Future Prospects
Authors: Huang Demin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This article introduces the concept of a "nanoscale one-way valve" and its underlying principles, pointing out that permeation is a natural manifestation of the nanoscale one-way valve effect. Based on the principles of the nanoscale one-way valve and the phenomenon of permeation, the permeation energy accumulation technology is applied to construct one-way valve so that the high-speed disordered thermal movement of water molecules can be ‘spontaneously rectified into orderly movement for power generation. The kinetic energy of molecular thermal motion is extracted from the environment to generate electricity which is consumed to generate heat that can be returned to the environment for power generation. The process is inexhaustible for it neither consumes energy resources, nor increases the temperature of the earth. This paper introduces the experimental verification. A 2.8 meter water head difference by a single experimental setup demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the permeation energy harvesting principle. This challenges the traditional interpretation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics concerning the extraction of work solely from a single heat source without other effects. In contrast to river-sea osmotic power generation, the permeation energy harvesting technology has practical value and greater potential due to its ability to harness molecular energy from the environment for sustainable green energy production.