bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative Glycosylated Hemoglobin A1C Impacts Long‐Term Outcomes Following Curative‐Intent Resection of Nonfunctional Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Li Mu‐Xing , Lopez‐Aguiar Alexandra G. , Poultsides George , Rocha Flavio , Weber Sharon , Fields Ryan , Idrees Kamran , Cho Cliff , Maithel Shishir K. , Zhang Xu‐Feng , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTo investigate the impact of preoperative glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) among patients following curative‐intent resection of nonfunctional gastroentropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP‐NETs).MethodsPatients who underwent curative‐intent resection for GEP‐NETs from 2000 to 2020 were identified from the US Neuroendocrine Tumor Study Group (US‐NETSG). Preoperative blood HbA1c levels were defined as high HbA1c (≥ 6.5%) versus low HbA1c group (< 6.5%). Impact of HbA1c level on postoperative short‐term and long‐term overall (OS) were investigated.ResultsA total of 130 patients with HbA1c < 6.5% and 60 patients with HbA1c ≥ 6.5% were included. Patients with HbA1c ≥ 6.5% had higher proportion of comorbidities, such as hypertension, obesity, anemia, and lower preoperative albumin levels versus patients with HbA1c < 6.5% (allp < 0.05). In addition, high level of preoperative HbA1c was associated with increased incidence of wound and infectious complications, as well as decreased long‐term OS (median OS: high Hb1Ac 89.8 months vs. low Hb1Ac not reached, HR 3.487,p = 0.004) among patients with nonfunctional GEP‐NETs, as well as among the subset of pancreatic NET patients (median OS: high Hb1Ac 74.3 months vs. low Hb1Ac not reached,p = 0.004), and patients with normal fasting blood glucose (< 140 mg/dL) (median OS: high Hb1Ac 75.4 months vs. low Hb1Ac not reached,p = 0.001).ConclusionsHb1Ac might have value as a screening tool to identify high‐risk patients following surgical resection of nonfunctional GEP‐NETs for consideration of more strict postoperative surveillance and treatment of elevated Hb1Ac level.
Reconfigurable Photonic Valley Filter in Hybrid Topological Heterostructures
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Li Sijie , Lan Zhihao , Gao Wenlong , Chen Menglin L. N. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTopological photonics has emerged as an important branch of photonics for its excellent ability to robustly manipulate light. As a widely used topological photonic platform, valley photonic crystals have attracted great attention recently due to the unique opportunities the valley degree of freedom provides to potentially encode and process binary photonic information. However, an efficient and controllable way to generate pure valley current is still lacking. Here, a perfect photonic valley filter with on‐demand routing and switching functionalities by exploiting the unique physics of magneto‐optic and valley photonic crystal is proposed. Particularly, an additional width degree of freedom is introduced by inserting an intermediate layer with matched Dirac points at specific valleys between two domains of topologically distinct photonic crystals. The resultant three‐layer topological heterostructures support large‐area valley polarized states with tunable mode width. Moreover, perfect photonic valley filters to generate and guide the pure valley current through reconfigurable propagation paths by only changing the directions of external magnetic fields are also demonstrated. The work not only lays a solid foundation on the principle and design of photonic valley filters, the great reconfigurability of the design also provides broad application prospects in photonic integrated networks and on‐chip integrated communication systems.
Polyimide Films with Liquid‐Crystal‐Like Structures: Toward Ultralow Dielectric Loss at High Frequencies
Authors: Chen Zhigeng , Chen Yu , Lin Ling , Lin Gongpeng , Huang Zhenxun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPolyimide films with low dielectric loss (Df) at high frequencies are urgently needed owing to the rapid development of high‐frequency communication technologies. Herein, various polyimide films with rigid mesogenic units are prepared to address this issue. Improving molecular flexibility has been found to promote crystallization during thermal imidization and, consequently, the formation of liquid‐crystal‐like polyimide (LCPI) films. The optimal LCPI film exhibits an ultralow Df value of 0.00178 at 10 GHz owing to the limited intermolecular friction. Furthermore, this LCPI film absorbs significantly less water (0.59%), which endows it with favorable durability of low Df value in a humid environment. The Df value of the LCPI film at 10 GHz is only 0.00288 after 24 h of exposure to 60% relative humidity. In addition, the LCPI film exhibits a glass transition temperature, coefficient of thermal expansion, and tensile strength of 371 °C, 21.8 ppm K−1, and 240 MPa respectively, and is therefore a suitable low‐dielectric‐material candidate.
Functional Analysis of BARD1 Missense Variants on Homology‐Directed Repair in Ovarian and Breast Cancers
Authors: Li Wenjing , Chen Guansheng , Wang Yongjun , Jiang Yuening , Wu Nanlin , Hu Mingjie , Wu Taju , Yue Wei 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWomen with germline BRCA1 mutations face an increased risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers. BARD1 (BRCA1 associated RING domain 1) is an essential heterodimeric partner of BRCA1, and mutations in BARD1 are also associated with these cancers. While BARD1 mutations are recognized for their cancer susceptibility, the exact roles of numerous BARD1 missense mutations remain unclear. In this study, we conducted functional assays to assess the homology‐directed DNA repair (HDR) activity of all BARD1 missense substitutions identified in 55 breast and ovarian cancer samples, using the real‐world data from the COSMIC and cBioPortal databases. Seven BARD1 variants (V85M, P187A, G491R, R565C, P669L, T719R, and Q730L) were confirmed to impair DNA damage repair. Furthermore, cells harboring these BARD1 variants exhibited increased sensitivity to the chemotherapeutic drugs, cisplatin, and olaparib, compared to cells expressing wild‐type BARD1. These findings collectively suggest that these seven missense BARD1 variants are likely pathogenic and may respond well to cisplatin‐olaparib combination therapy. This study not only enhances our understanding of BARD1's role in DNA damage repair but also offers valuable insights into predicting therapy responses in patients with specific BARD1 missense mutations.
A fully integrated GaAs HBT power amplifier for WLAN 802.11ax applications
Authors: Yang Xinran , Leng Zenan , Chen Lang , Ge Zeyu , Zhou Jiani , Sun Feng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA fully integrated gallium arsenide (GaAs) heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) power amplifier (PA) for wireless local area network 802.11ax applications is presented in this paper. The structure consists of two‐stage power cells. To satisfy the high linearity requirements of IEEE 802.11ax, we analyzed the distortion of amplitude‐to‐amplitude and amplitude‐to‐phase. Due to the thermal and voltage sensitivity of GaAs HBT, an adaptive bias circuit is designed to ensure linearity. Moreover, an efficient passive output matching network is designed by analyzing the efficiency of the passive network. The design electromagnetic structure is fabricated in a 2‐μm GaAs HBT process. Under continuous wave testing, the output power reaches 27.2 dBm and the maximum efficiency of 28% at 2.4 GHz. Under the excitation of a 40 MHz 1024‐quadratic amplitude modulation signal, the output power meeting error vector magnitude of −35 dB reaches 16.8–17.2 dBm from 2.4 to 2.5 GHz.
Quantitative myelin water assessment for multiple sclerosis using multi‐inversion magnetic resonance fingerprinting
Authors: Lin Yingying , Chan Koon‐Ho , Mak Henry Ka‐Fung , Yau Krystal Xiwing , Cao Peng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelination disease. Myelin water is a biomarker of myelin and thus myelin water imaging is a vital tool to provide insight into the demyelination process.PurposeThis study aimed to characterize the multiple compartments including myelin water fraction (MWF), gray matter (GM) cellular water, white matter (WM) cellular water, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using multiple inversion recovery (mIR) magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) on a clinical MS cohort.MethodsThe Phantom experiment was conducted with tubes containing different WM and GM concentrations extracted from pig brains. For the in‐vivo experiment, 23 healthy control (HC) volunteers and 18 MS patients were recruited for this study. The experiments were performed using a clinical 3T MRI. A multi‐slice, fast imaging with a steady‐state precession (FISP) based mIR MRF protocol was used to obtain the MWF measurements, with 6 min of scan time for each volunteer. The quantification was based on the iterative non‐negative least squares (NNLS) with reweighting. The brain compartments quantified were myelin water, WM cellular water, GM cellular water, and CSF. A radiologist with 6 years of experience labeled the MS lesions on FLAIR, MPRAGE, and MWF. Statistical analysis was performed by applying unpaired and paired student's t‐tests to compare the MWF results in different groups and in normal‐appearing white matter (NAWM) and MS lesions.ResultsThe phantom result demonstrated the ability to detect MWF with various myelin concentrations. The maps derived from mIR MRF, including MWF, WM cellular water, GM cellular water, and CSF were consistent with the anatomical structures observed in FLAIR and MPRAGE. The MWF values in the NAWM of MS patients were significantly different from those in HC, with values of 0.32 ± 0.025 and 0.25 ± 0.036, respectively. Additionally, the MWF values in WM lesions were significantly smaller than in NAWM at 0.034 ± 0.036.ConclusionThe mIR‐MRF technique, using multi‐compartment analysis, can simultaneously generate maps of MWF, WM cellular water, GM cellular water, and CSF with sufficient brain coverage and in a reasonably short scan time. The MWF map might provide insights into the demyelination associated with MS.
Self‐gated free‐running 5D whole‐heart MRI using blind source separation for automated cardiac motion extraction
Authors: Montón Quesada Isabel , Ogier Augustin C. , Ishida Masaki , Takafuji Masafumi , Ito Haruno , Sakuma Hajime , Romanin Ludovica , Roy Christopher W. , Prša Milan , Richiardi Jonas , Yerly Jérôme , Stuber Matthias , van Heeswijk Ruud B. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeTo compare two blind source separation (BSS) techniques to principal component analysis and the electrocardiogram for the identification of cardiac triggers in self‐gated free‐running 5D whole‐heart MRI. To ascertain the precision and robustness of the techniques, they were compared in three different noise and contrast regimes.MethodsThe repeated superior–inferior (SI) projections of a 3D radial trajectory were used to extract the physiological signals in three cardiac MRI cohorts: (1) 9 healthy volunteers without contrast agent injection at 1.5T, (2) 30 ferumoxytol‐injected congenital heart disease patients at 1.5T, and (3) 12 gadobutrol‐injected patients with suspected coronary artery disease at 3T. Self‐gated cardiac triggers were extracted with the three algorithms (principal component analysis [PCA], second‐order blind identification [SOBI], and independent component analysis [ICA]) and the difference with the electrocardiogram triggers was calculated. PCA and SOBI triggers were retained for image reconstruction. The image sharpness was ascertained on whole‐heart 5D images obtained with PCA and SOBI and compared among the three cohorts.ResultsSOBI resulted in smaller trigger differences in Cohorts 1 and 3 compared to PCA (p < 0.01) and in all cohorts compared to ICA (p < 0.04). In Cohorts 1 and 3, the sharpness increased significantly in the reconstructed images when using SOBI instead of PCA (p < 0.03), but not in Cohort 2 (p = 0.4).ConclusionWe have shown that SOBI results in more precisely extracted self‐gated triggers than PCA and ICA. The validation across three diverse cohorts demonstrates the robustness of the method against acquisition variability.
Improved liver fat and R2* quantification at 0.55 T using locally low‐rank denoising
Authors: Shih Shu‐Fu , Tasdelen Bilal , Yagiz Ecrin , Zhang Zhaohuan , Zhong Xiaodong , Cui Sophia X. , Nayak Krishna S. , Wu Holden H. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeTo improve liver proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and quantification at 0.55 T by systematically validating the acquisition parameter choices and investigating the performance of locally low‐rank denoising methods.MethodsA Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to design a protocol for PDFF and mapping at 0.55 T. Using this proposed protocol, we investigated the performance of robust locally low‐rank (RLLR) and random matrix theory (RMT) denoising. In a reference phantom, we assessed quantification accuracy (concordance correlation coefficient [] vs. reference values) and precision (using SD) across scan repetitions. We performed in vivo liver scans (11 subjects) and used regions of interest to compare means and SDs of PDFF and measurements. Kruskal–Wallis and Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests were performed (p < 0.05 considered significant).ResultsIn the phantom, RLLR and RMT denoising improved accuracy in PDFF and with >0.992 and improved precision with >67% decrease in SD across 50 scan repetitions versus conventional reconstruction (i.e., no denoising). For in vivo liver scans, the mean PDFF and mean were not significantly different between the three methods (conventional reconstruction; RLLR and RMT denoising). Without denoising, the SDs of PDFF and were 8.80% and 14.17 s−1. RLLR denoising significantly reduced the values to 1.79% and 5.31 s−1 (p < 0.001); RMT denoising significantly reduced the values to 2.00% and 4.81 s−1 (p < 0.001).ConclusionWe validated an acquisition protocol for improved PDFF and quantification at 0.55 T. Both RLLR and RMT denoising improved the accuracy and precision of PDFF and measurements.
Two Numerical Schemes Via an Auxiliary Function for Nonlocal Problems With Integrable Kernels
Authors: Li Yutong , Yin Xiaobo 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn this study, we explore volume constrained nonlocal problem with integrable kernels. A central challenge addressed is the discontinuity of true solutions across the boundary, posing difficulties for designing efficient numerical methods. To address this issue, we introduce an auxiliary function which serves as the solution of an auxiliary problem. This approach effectively transforms the original problem to a new nonlocal problem with a true solution which is continuous across the boundary. We propose two numerical schemes to solve the new nonlocal problem: one is exclusively applicable to one‐dimensional case, while the other is suitable for general dimensional cases. Experimental results show that both schemes exhibit optimal convergence order under mild condition.
Effects of graphene oxide solvent‐free nanofluids on the tribological properties of polyimide coating
Authors: Zhang Baokai , Pei Xianqiang , Wang Yanming , Wan Shanhong , Yang Juan , Zhao Gai , Wang Qihua , Wang Tingmei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA novel organic coating was created by dispersing solvent‐free covalent graphene oxide nanofluids (GO NFs) into a polyimide (PI) matrix. The tribological properties of GO NFs/PI composite coatings was tested against ball‐on‐disk tribometer. Even a low loading of GO NFs significantly improve the tribological properties of PI. MD simulation and nanoindentation tests reveal that GO NFs adsorbs the PI molecular chains, enhancing the composites' mechanical properties. Moreover, a stable tribofilm develops on the steel ball surface lubricated with the GO NFs/PI composite coating, with analyses indicating that the GO NFs promote its growth. The enhancement of mechanical properties and the formation of this tribofilm are essential for the improved tribological performance of the composite. This research aims to contribute to the development of novel PI composite coatings with superior anti‐friction and wear‐resistant properties.Highlights
The GO NFs exhibited excellent dispersion stability and tribological properties.
Novel GO NFs/PI composite coating with significantly enhanced tribological properties.
A carbon‐based tribofilm forms on the steel ball.
The strengthening mechanisms of composites were revealed by MD simulation.
Modeling the elastoplastic behavior of agave fiber prior and after its incorporation within a thermoplastic matrix: Analysis of the fiber aspect ratio on the mechanical properties
Authors: Rivera‐Salinas Jorge Enrique 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe demand for natural fiber‐reinforced polymer composites is increasing in the automotive industry, and Mexican blue‐gave fiber (AF) is getting attention from automakers. Quantitative characterization of the tensile behavior of AF allows for a better ascertain of fiber performance. This work developed a model to study the elastoplastic behavior of AF prior and after its incorporation within a thermoplastic matrix. Finite element predictions showed excellent agreement with both theoretical and experimental values from literature. It was revealed that the increase in the fiber aspect ratio hastens the interaction between nearby defects within the fiber with earlier coalescence of voids, and ultimately fosters the loss of both fiber ductility and load carrying capacity. Moreover, the preponderant character of the damage in AF is controlled by nucleation and growth of voids. On the other hand, AF reinforced thermoplastic composites exhibit a microfailure based essentially on the matrix failure, and the composites become more damage tolerant with the increase in fiber aspect ratio. Stiffer AF leads to a more uniform interfacial shear stress distribution, with higher stiffness of the composite. Therefore, the effectiveness of AF to reinforce polymeric matrixes depends strongly on the elastic mismatch of the coupled materials.Highlights
Local stress state in AF is correlated to macroscopic stress.
AF may be recognized as a von Mises material.
Ductile fracture in AF is controlled by nucleation and growth of voids.
Increasing the fiber aspect ratio leads to more damage tolerant composites.
Stiffer AF led to a more uniform interfacial shear stress distribution.
Investigation of Rheological Properties of Molten Materials for Dripping Pills Based on Imaging Monitoring
Authors: Tian Ying , Chen Hang , Zhao Jie , Tian Geng , Qu Haibin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionRheological properties, as critical material attributes (CMAs) of solid dispersion drugs such as dripping pills, affect the melting, dispersion, and solidification. Therefore, characterization and assessments of rheological properties in the pharmaceutical process are important in enhancing drug stability and bioavailability.ObjectivesThe study aimed to develop a method for analyzing the rheology of molten materials, assessing their consistency and how rheological properties affect the dripping process and pills quality.Materials and MethodsThe rheological behavior of molten materials composed of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBE) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 was characterized. Batch consistency of molten materials was evaluated. Image monitoring technology was utilized to capture and process images of the droplet formation process. We established the relationship between the rheological properties of molten materials and various attributes.ResultsThe quality consistency of molten materials was evaluated, with 12 batches showing similarity above 0.8. The MLR models showed strong correlations (R2 > 0.80) between rheological properties and evaluation attributes. The rheological properties, including consistency coefficient, flow index, and viscosity at 80°C, were identified as critical rheological properties of the molten materials. Rheological property differences of molten materials have an impact on the morphology of droplet and quality performance.ConclusionA rheological method was established, enabling quality consistency evaluation of molten materials in dripping pills. This study revealed the influence of rheological properties on droplet formation process and dripping pills quality, providing a reference for researches on material attributes control of other traditional Chinese medicine dripping pills.
Adverse Event Assessment of Upadacitinib: A Pharmacovigilance Study Based on the FAERS Database
Authors: Yuan Jiayu , Lu HongXia , Zuo Xulei , Yin Lihong , Pu Yuepu , Zhang Juan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeUpadacitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, has been approved by the FDA to treat various autoimmune conditions. This study assessed its adverse events by analyzing reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).MethodsFAERS data from Q3 2019 to Q4 2023 were extracted, and disproportionality analyses were conducted using four statistical measures, reporting odds ratio, proportionate reporting ratio, Bayesian confidence propagation neural network, and empirical Bayesian geometric mean.ResultsA total of 6 879 398 adverse event reports were collected, with 37 700 reports identifying upadacitinib as the “primary suspected.” These reports involved 24 system organ classes and 246 preferred terms that met the criteria across all four algorithms. The distribution of adverse events was assessed separately for female and male patients. Further analysis of the top 25 preferred terms revealed that, although the system organ classes were similar between sexes, the specific adverse events differed. The adverse events were analyzed by gender, showing musculoskeletal and skin disorders were prevalent and severe in male patients, while musculoskeletal issues, infections, and abnormal laboratory tests were common in female patients. Unexpected events like trigger finger, biliary sepsis, and serious events such as oral neoplasm were also identified.ConclusionThis study provides real‐world evidence for the safety evaluation of upadacitinib and underscores the need to monitor sex‐specific adverse events. Future prospective studies are necessary to confirm these pharmacovigilance findings.