bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal and spatial variability in availability bias has consequences for marine bird abundance estimates during the non‐breeding season
Authors: Dunn Ruth E. , Duckworth James , O'Brien Susan , Furness Robert W. , Buckingham Lila , Daunt Francis , Bogdanova Maria , Green Jonathan A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

To effectively monitor how marine ecosystems are being reshaped by anthropogenic pressures, we require understanding of species abundances and distributions. Due to their socio‐economic and ecological value, predatory species are often at the forefront of survey efforts. However, survey data are only valuable if they can reliably be converted into estimates of underlying distributions.

We consider at‐sea surveys of marine predators that often inform ecological impact assessments of offshore windfarms. These surveys are subject to a form of detection bias called ‘availability bias’ whereby individuals which are submerged below the surface are consequently ‘unavailable’ for detection. Although correction factors are commonly used in these surveys, they are currently based on limited data that may not be species‐, time‐, or area‐specific. Here, we use time‐depth‐recorder data to investigate variation in marine bird availability bias.

We found that the proportion of diving marine birds submerged below the sea surface during daylight hours, and therefore unavailable to be counted during surveys, varied by species, month, and area. For three of our focal species wintering around northwest Europe (Atlantic puffin, common guillemot, razorbill), our results were different to comparable values previously used to correct for the availability bias, whereas no correction factors are regularly used for the fourth species (red‐throated diver). We now present availability bias correction factors that are species‐ and month‐specific to the areas the study populations use during their non‐breeding seasons: the North Sea, the north and west coasts of the UK, the Baltic Sea, and Icelandic coastal waters.

Practical implication: Variation in the proportion of daylight hours that marine birds spent submerged lead to differences in availability bias correction factors, thereby impacting estimations of their abundances. We encourage use of correction factors that use data from the species, marine area, and month during which surveys are conducted to provide more accurate abundance estimates. Using more relevant correction factors will result in increasingly accurate abundance and distribution estimates of diving marine birds, with relevance for a range of applications including planning for offshore windfarm developments, the designation and monitoring of protected areas, and understanding environmental change.
Transition Guide Dissemination to Foster Patient–Care Team Conversations: A Childhood Arthritis Rheumatology Research Alliance Transition Learning Collaborative Pilot Implementation Study
Authors: Chang Joyce C. , Alonzi Gabrielle , Sears Cora , Bitencourt Nicole , Hernandez Alex , Peterson Rosemary , Alperin Risa , Overbury Rebecca S. , dela Paz Mariel , Waqar‐Cowles Lindsay N. , White Patience H. , Carandang Kristine , Lawson Erica F. ,   for the CARRA Transition Workgroup
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveUptake of evidence‐informed health care transition processes among pediatric rheumatologists is low despite poor outcomes of transition from pediatric to adult care. We piloted a learning collaborative model to implement transition guides. We dually assessed implementation outcomes and changes in reported patient–care team discussions about transition.MethodsThis was a type II hybrid effectiveness‐implementation pilot study of transition guide dissemination to patients at least 14 years old with rheumatic conditions across nine pediatric rheumatology centers in the Childhood Arthritis Rheumatology Research Alliance Transition Learning Collaborative. We evaluated implementation outcomes (feasibility, adaptations, and fidelity) and the proportion of patients surveyed that reported having discussions with their care team regarding transfer planning.ResultsSix sites were retained through the COVID‐19 pandemic (below 70% target). Five out of six sites contributed outcome data (met 80% target) but with substantial heterogeneity in how transition guides were shared (eg, in‐person, electronic messages, and posted flyers), and data were collected. The pooled proportion of respondents having discussed transfer planning with their care team was 39% preimplementation (n = 239; 95% confidence interval [CI] 32%–46%) and 55% postimplementation (n = 864; 95% CI 36%–73%). After implementation, there were significant increases in the likelihood of respondents recalling receiving a transition guide (odds ratio [OR] 2.58, 95% CI 1.35–4.92) and discussing transfer planning (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.30–3.52), adjusted for age and site of care.ConclusionTransition guide dissemination is a simple intervention associated with increased awareness among young people with rheumatic conditions and discussions with their care team about transition preparation. The learning collaborative model facilitated identification of several dissemination strategies adaptable to site‐specific resources.
Copper‐Mediated C–H Cyclization of Heterocycles: Facile Access to Multiple Resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials
Authors: Wan Liqiu , Wang Kangmin , Liu Junxiang , Yang Xianhui , Li Bijin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractReported herein is the first example of a copper‐mediated C─H cyclization of heterocycles to construct structurally diverse carbonyl‐bridged triphenylamine compounds with multiple resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) characteristics. The one‐pot synthesis method exhibits a broad substrate scope and opens a new avenue for rapidly screening high‐performance organic TADF luminescent materials. Novel organic TADF single‐molecule white‐light material 5g with anti‐Kasha dual‐emission character is the first time developed herein and shows a Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) coordinate of (0.33, 0.35) in the thin film, and can be used to fabricate robust and low cost organic white light‐emitting diodes (LED). Furthermore, the anti‐Kasha dual‐emission material 5g is fabricated as water‐dispersed nanoparticles (NPs)NPs, which can be efficiently endocytosed into the HeLa cells and dual emission imaging in living cells, and be used in two‐channel emission intensity ratio imaging to observe the intercellular structure.
Construction of Low‐Softening‐Point Coal Pitch Derived Carbon Nanofiber Films as Self‐Standing Anodes Toward Sodium Dual‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Yamin , Wang Guangyuan , Yue Peng , Sun Jinfeng , Gao Musen , Wang Jinlong , Hou Linrui , Chen Meng , Yuan Changzhou 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo achieve high‐quality hard carbon nanofibers (HCNFs), and particularly flexible HCNFs films is the eternal pursuit from low‐cost coal pitch (CP). However, it is still trapped seriously by the inborn bottleneck of low‐softening‐point (LSP) characteristics of CP itself. Herein, an efficient Bi(NO3)3·5H2O‐assisted electrospinning‐carbonization methodology is creatively devised to obtain flexible HCNFs films directly from LSP CP. The essential roles of Bi(NO3)3·5H2O and pre‐oxidation in constructing flexible films are rationally proposed. With further regulation in Bi(NO3)3·5H2O dosage and calcination temperatures, specific micro‐structures/morphologies of flexible HCNFs films are finely optimized. The optimum HCNFs‐1.2 film is endowed with robust structural flexibility/stability, high‐content active oxygen/nitrogen groups, abundant graphic microcrystalline zones of large interlayer spacing, and convenient ion‐diffusion channels. Thanks to such remarkable merits, HCNFs‐1.2 retains a large reversible capacity of 125.3 mAh g‒1 over 1000 cycles at 1.0 A g‒1, when evaluated as a self‐supporting film anode for sodium dual‐ion batteries (SDIBs). Furthermore, the HCNFs‐1.2‐based SDIBs deliver a specific capacity of 90.9 mAh g‒1 at 0.1 A g‒1, along with a capacity retention of 78.4% after 1500 cycles at 1.0 A g‒1. The insightful understanding here will provide meaningful guidance for rational design of advanced flexible film electrodes toward next‐generation SDIBs and beyond.
Coaxial Nanofiber Binders Integrating Thin and Robust Sulfide Solid Electrolytes for High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Lithium Battery
Authors: Su Zhengkang , Li Guang , Zhang Jingjing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo access the theoretically high energy density of sulfide‐based all‐solid‐state lithium batteries (ASSLBs), a thin and robust sulfide electrolyte membrane is essential. Given the pivotal role of binder in preserving the structural integrity and interfacial stability of sulfide electrolytes upon cycling, it is desired to integrate binding capability, toughness, and stiffness into one binder, yet remains difficult. Herein, this challenge is addressed using a nanofiber‐reinforced strategy in the solvent‐free dry‐film process. A coaxial polyvinylidene poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) @ thermoplastic polyurethane (PVDF‐HFP@TPU) nanofiber binder is embedding into a Li6PS5Cl (LPSCl) matrix to obtain a sulfide thin‐layer (LPSCl‐P@T). During hot calendering of the sulfide‐binder mixture, the PVDF‐HFP shell layer melts and tightly binds LPSCl particles. The underlying TPU core layer, which maintains the fibrous structure, reinforces the structural stability of the membrane. Particularly, the fiber‐matrix connection is improved with the assistance of the molten PVDF‐HFP, collectively contributing to the effective dissipation of the mechanical stress. Controlled fusion of the core‐shell nanofiber also leads to enhanced interfacial anchoring of the cathode and electrolyte. The assembled cells with LPSCl‐P@T deliver stable cycling performances. The PVDF‐HFP@TPU nanofiber binder overcomes the long‐existing incompatible problems between binder toughness and stiffness, and shows promises in developing high‐performance sulfide‐based ASSLBs.
Achieving 19.72% Efficiency in Ternary Organic Solar Cells through Electrostatic Potential‐Driven Morphology Control
Authors: Liang Wenting , Zhu Shenbo , Sun Kangbo , Hai Jiefeng , Cui Yongjie , Gao Chuanlin , Li Wenqin , Wu Zihua , Zhang Guangye , Hu Huawei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe ternary strategy has proven effective in enhancing the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs), yet identifying the optimal third component remains a challenge due to the lack of theoretical frameworks for predicting its impact based on molecular structure. This study addresses this challenge by proposing quantitative parameters derived from molecular surface electrostatic potential (ESP) as criteria for selecting ternary components. The asymmetric acceptor BTP‐OS, which exhibits a lower total average ESP and larger molecular polarization index relative to the host acceptor, is introduced into the PM6:L8‐BO system. This incorporation led to weakened ESP‐induced intermolecular interactions and reduce miscibility with donor polymer, resulting in an optimized multi‐scale morphology of the ternary blend. Consequently, the ternary device achieved an efficiency of 19.72%, one of the highest values for PM6:L8‐BO‐based ternary devices, with enhanced exciton dissociation and charge collection, lower energy disorder, and minimized non‐radiative energy losses. Comparable efficiency improvements are also verified in PM6:BTP‐eC9 and D18:N3 systems, demonstrating the broad applicability of the proposed approach. This study not only provides a practical and effective principle for selecting ternary components but also establishes a broader framework for optimizing ternary OSCs, potentially advancing the development of more efficient OSCs across diverse material systems.
Engineering Macrophage‐Derived Exosome to Deliver Pirfenidone: A Novel Approach to Combat Silicotic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Chen Zhen , Yun Xiang , Tian Jiaqi , Li Fei , Zhang Zitong , Meng Jiahua , Li Ning , Bian Hongying , Duan Shuyin , Zhang Lin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSilicosis is a severe lung disease characterized by diffuse pulmonary fibrosis, for which there is currently no effective treatment. Pirfenidone (PFD) shows great antifibrotic potential but is clinically hindered by low bioavailability and gastrointestinal side effects. To address these limitations, this study develops a PFD delivery system (PFD‐Exo) using J774A.1 macrophage‐derived exosomes. Firstly, PFD is loaded via sonication, then PFD‐Exo is characterized using Raman spectral imaging and UV absorption spectroscopy. Finally, in vitro and in vivo silicosis models are established to evaluate its antifibrotic effects. Results show that PFD‐Exo outperforms free PFD in inhibiting TGF‐β1‐induced transdifferentiation of primary lung fibroblasts in vitro. In a mouse model of silicosis, PFD‐Exo is found to be accumulated in the lungs following intratracheal administration and significantly ameliorates pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis while minimizing gastrointestinal side effects. Mechanistic studies reveal that PFD‐Exo modulates the TGF‐β signaling pathway by downregulating SMAD3 and upregulating SMAD7 and NOGGIN. In conclusion, this study provides the first evidence of macrophage‐derived exosomes as an effective PFD delivery system for silicosis treatment and offers a promising strategy for other refractory pulmonary diseases.
Synergistic effect of Hypoxic Conditioning and Cell‐Tethering Colloidal Gels enhanced Productivity of MSC Paracrine Factors and Accelerated Vessel Regeneration
Authors: Lee Myung Chul , Lee Jae Seo , Kim Seongsoo , Jamaiyar Anurag , Wu Winona , Gonzalez Montserrat Legorreta , Durán Tania Carolina Acevedo , Madrigal‐Salazar Andrea Donaxi , Bassous Nicole , Carvalho Violeta , Choi Cholong , Kim Da‐Seul , Seo Jeong Wook , Rodrigues Nelson , Teixeira Senhorinha F.C.F. , Alkhateeb Abdulhameed F. , Soto Javier Alejandro Lozano , Hussain Mohammad Asif , Leijten Jeroen , Feinberg Mark W. , Shin Su Ryon 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMicroporous hydrogels have been widely used for delivering therapeutic cells. However, several critical issues, such as the lack of control over the harsh environment they are subjected to under pathological conditions and rapid egression of cells from the hydrogels, have produced limited therapeutic outcomes. To address these critical challenges, cell‐tethering and hypoxic conditioning colloidal hydrogels containing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are introduced to increase the productivity of paracrine factors locally and in a long‐term manner. Cell‐tethering colloidal hydrogels that are composed of tyramine‐conjugated gelatin prevent cells from egressing through on‐cell oxidative phenolic crosslinks while providing mechanical stimulation and interconnected microporous networks to allow for host‐implant interactions. Oxygenating microparticles encapsulated in tyramine‐conjugated colloidal microgels continuously generated oxygen for 2 weeks with rapid diffusion, resulting in maintaining a mild hypoxic condition while MSCs consumed oxygen under severe hypoxia. Synergistically, local retention of MSCs within the mild hypoxic‐conditioned and mechanically robust colloidal hydrogels significantly increased the secretion of various angiogenic cytokines and chemokines. The oxygenating colloidal hydrogels induced anti‐inflammatory responses, reduced cellular apoptosis, and promoted numerous large blood vessels in vivo. Finally, mice injected with the MSC‐tethered oxygenating colloidal hydrogels significantly improved blood flow restoration and muscle regeneration in a hindlimb ischemia (HLI) model.
Designing Contact Independent High‐Performance Low‐Cost Flexible Electronics
Authors: Waldrip Matthew , Yu Yue , Dremann Derek , Losi Tommaso , Willner Benjamin , Caironi Mario , McCulloch Iain , Jurchescu Oana D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOrganic semiconductors enable low‐cost solution processing of optoelectronic devices on flexible substrates. Their use in contemporary applications, however, is sparse due to persistent challenges in achieving the requisite performance levels in a reliable and reproducible manner. A critical bottleneck is the inefficiency associated with charge injection. Here, large‐scale simulations are employed to identify operational windows where key device parameters that are difficult to control experimentally, such as the contact resistance, become less consequential to overall device functionality. This design methodology overcomes injection barrier limitations in organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs), leading to high charge carrier mobility and significantly expanding the range of suitable electrode materials. Leveraging this new understanding, all‐organic, solution‐deposited OFETs are successfully fabricated on flexible substrates. These devices incorporate printed contacts and showcase mobilities exceeding 5 cm2 Vs−1. These results provide a route for accessing the fundamental limits of material properties even in the absence of ideal contacts – a critical step in establishing reliable structure/property relationships and optimal material design paradigms. While reducing the injection barrier and contact resistance remains critical for achieving high OFET performance, this work demonstrates a path toward consistently achieving high charge carrier mobility through device geometry design, ultimately reducing processing complexity and cost.
Stretchable Wearable Wireless Bioelectronics Using All Printed Pressure Sensors and Strain Gauges
Authors: Zavanelli Nathan , Lee Yoon Jae , Kim Myungchul , Bateman Allison , Guess Matthew , Kim Hyeonseok , Patel Dinesh K. , Yeo Woon‐Hong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe sense of touch and perception of hand motion form an essential part of the somatic sensory system. Although piezoelectric sensors demonstrate high sensitivity and linearity, they are traditionally not employed for electronic skins because of their limited stretchability. Here, a printed, skin‐conformal, electronic system consisting of stretchable piezoelectric pressure sensors and carbon nanotube strain gauges capable of identifying tactile sensations and joint movements on the hand is introduced. The pressure sensor demonstrates both high sensitivity (19.9 mV kPa−1) and linearity (0.1–1000 kPa) while being reliably stretchable to above 15%. To complement the pressure sensing functionality, a strain gauge is fabricated in a rapid stamp printing process and designed to demonstrate excellent mechanical reliability with up to 70% strain and high sensitivity (36.5‐gauge factor). These sensors can seamlessly conform to numerous anatomical regions and cover wide areas of the skin, making them ideal for deployment in an electronic skin. Finally, the sensors are integrated with a flexible microelectronic device to demonstrate their functionality in human touch and prosthetic hand applications.
Realization of Secure Robotic Brain Via Programmable Metasurface with Robust High‐Order BIC
Authors: Wang Xiuyu , Wang Xiaoman , Ren Qun , You Jianwei , Zou Kaiwen , Yang Boxiang , Lan Zhihao , He Liu , Sha Wei E. I. , Yao Jianquan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTerahertz waves can be widely used for short‐range communication in complex indoor environments and non‐destructive object detection applications. Metasurfaces are widely used in terahertz sensing and communication devices because they can modulate terahertz waves in multiple dimensions. Metamaterial robot brain can utilize metasurfaces' powerful direct modulation ability to achieve sensing and communication functions. The metasurface devices realized based on Dynamic Heterogeneous Redundancy (DHR) architecture can improve the confidentiality and security of terahertz wave wireless communication. While the intrinsic ohmic loss and quality factor of usual metallic metamaterials are usually low, the concept of bound states in the continuum (BIC) has been proposed for stronger terahertz‐matter interactions. Among them, high‐order BICs are of interest because of their strong robustness to structural defects. Therefore, an aluminium‐graphene hybrid metasurface with high‐order BIC is proposed. We have the principle of excitation of high‐order BICs is investigated and creatively proposed with high robustness realized using the magnetical EIT effect. The robustness of the high‐order BIC is also utilized to design security hardware based on DHR architecture. The designed secure hardware can satisfy the demand for an intelligent robotic brain to the internal terahertz wave confidential wireless communication.
Versatile Spiral Donor‐Based Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials for Highly Efficient TADF‐OLED and TSF‐OLED Applications
Authors: Mu Xilin , Li Deli , Liu Denghui , Wang Jiahui , Li Jiuyan , Liu Chunyu , Zhang Jiasen , Feng Tingting , Fang Kaibo , Li Wei , Ge Ziyi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHerein, a design strategy is explored for thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials by employing the meta‐linkage of the spiral‐donors 10H‐spiro[acridine‐9,9'‐thioxanthene] (DspiroS) and 10',10'‐dimethyl‐10H,10'H‐spiro[acridine‐9,9'‐anthracene] (DspiroAc) to the robust acceptor 2,4,6‐triphenyl‐1,3,5‐triazine (TRZ). Two distinct TADF materials, m‐DspiroS‐TRZ and m‐DspiroAc‐TRZ, exhibiting unique photophysical properties and performance characteristics were synthesized. Interestingly, even subtle modifications in the molecular architecture can significantly impact the organization of materials in their aggregated state, thereby governing photophysical properties and inducing corresponding alterations in photoelectric characteristics. Notably, m‐DspiroS‐TRZ exhibits superior photophysical properties and exciton dynamics data, achieving a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) value of up to 95.9% and a rapid reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) rate (𝒌𝑹𝑰𝑺𝑪) of 1.0 × 106 s−1. This positions m‐DspiroS‐TRZ as a potentially excellent terminal emissive and sensitizing host material, inspiring further exploration of its applications in electroluminescence. Consequently, TADF organic light‐emitting device (TADF‐OLED) and TADF‐sensitized fluorescence (TSF‐OLED) based on m‐DspiroS‐TRZ have achieved maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 31.8% and 34.5%, respectively, demonstrating the significant versatile potential of m‐DspiroS‐TRZ.
High Performance Infrared InAs Colloidal Quantum Dot Photodetector with 79% EQE Enabled by an Extended Absorber Layer
Authors: Shin Daekwon , Jeong Hyeonjun , Kim Jugyoung , Jang Eunji , Park Youngsang , Jeong Sohee 
Published: October 2024

AbstractColloidal quantum dots (CQDs) with tunable bandgaps in the NIR‐SWIR range are highly valued for infrared applications including LiDAR, interactive displays, and biometrics. Particularly, for environmental considerations, photodetectors (PDs) using InAs CQDs are actively being explored. However, their performance still lags behind that of Pb‐based devices. Herein, an effective strategy to improve the photodetection characteristics of InAs CQD PDs by enhancing the incident photon usage is presented. By engineering the solvent of InAs CQD ink to increase volatility, the controllable range of absorber layer thickness is substantially extended. Then, the thickness‐ and bias‐dependent performance of InAs CQD PDs are systematically studied, guided by optical simulations. Under optimal conditions, an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 79%, a responsivity of 0.6 AW−1–the highest reported for InAs CQD photodiodes, and a detectivity of 3.1 × 1011 Jones at 940 nm are achieved. Furthermore, it is found that increasing the absorber layer thickness reduces device capacitance, resulting in a faster response time of 46 ns. This study provides optical and electrical insights into how absorber layer thickness affects InAs CQD PD performance and outlines design principles for high‐performance optoelectronic devices with specified light‐absorbing layers, paving the way for the development of advanced optoelectronic devices.