bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EDUCAÇÃO ÉTNICO-RACIAL NA UNIVERSIDADE PÚBLICA: UM ESTUDO COMPARATIVO ENTRE CURSOS DE DIREITO DE INSTITUIÇÕES ESTADUAIS DA REGIÃO NORDESTE
Authors: Medeiros Raissa , Paiva de Carvalho Guilherme 
Published: October 2024

O artigo propõe um estudo comparativo entre os Cursos de Direito ofertados na Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte e na Universidade do Estado da Bahia, buscando compreender como os seus currículos acadêmicos abordam a educação étnico-racial. Ao analisar as ementas das disciplinas disponibilizadas pelos cursos em questão, percebeu-se que o tema é abordado de forma muito superficial, ou quase não é tratado como pretendem as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais e para o Ensino de História e Cultura Afro-Brasileira e Africana. Relaciona-se ao fato a manifestação de um privilégio epistêmico da branquitude masculina e de um paradigma científico masculino e racista nas estruturas de conhecimento dos currículos. A Educação para as Relações Étnico-Raciais pode ser uma forma de romper com o pacto da branquitude masculina para proporcionar um conhecimento pluricultural e a descolonização do currículo.

Palavras-chave: educação étnico-racial; cursos de direito; epistemologia; branquitude masculina.
WITHDRAWN: Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Population Genetic Structure of Santalum album L. in India by Genic and Genomic SSR markers
Authors: Fatima Tanzeem , Srivast Ashutosh , Hanur Vageeshbabu S. , Srinivasa M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Epigenetic Analysis of ST3GAL3 and other Sialic Acid Metabolism Genes in ADHD
Authors: Dipnall Lillian , Ziemann Mark , Fransquet Peter , Wrigglesworth Jo , Fuelscher Ian , Craig Jeffrey , Silk Tim 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Research indicates that the underlying neurobiology of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) may stem from a combination of genetic and environmental contributions. Genetic and epigenetic research have highlighted the potential role of the sialtransferase gene ST3GAL3 in this process. Adopting a pathways approach, this study sought to examine the role that ST3GAL3 and other sialic acid metabolism (SAM) genes play in ADHD. Peripheral measures of DNA methylation (Illumina 850k EPIC; saliva samples) and clinical data were collected as part of a community-based pediatric cohort consisting of 90 children with ADHD [mage= 10.40 (0.49); 66% male] and 50 non-ADHD controls [mage= 10.40 (0.45); 48% male]. Using Reactome, 33 SAM genes were defined and resulted in a total of 1419 probes which included associated promotor/enhancer regions. Linear regression analysis was undertaken to explore differences in SAM probe DNA methylation between children with and without ADHD. The relationship with ADHD symptom severity was also examined. Analysis found 38 probes in the group-regression, and 64 probes in the symptom severity regression reached significance at an uncorrected level (a = 0.05). No probes survived correction for multiple comparisons. Enrichment analysis revealed an overall pattern of hypermethylation across the SAM pathway for the ADHD group, with 84% of nominally significant probes being annotated to sialyltransferase genes. These results suggest that ST3GAL3 and the broader SAM pathway could contribute to subtly disrupted epigenetic regulation in ADHD. However, extensive longitudinal research, across broad developmental age ranges, is necessary to further explore these findings.
Quantifying of highly radioactive and radiotoxic Polonium-210 Intake from Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.): Impacts of Different Smoking and Vaporization Techniques
Authors: Wieczorek Jaroslaw , Boryło Alicja 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the radiation dose that humans receive from naturally occurring uranium-series radionuclides, with a focus on alpha-emitting polonium-210 (210Po), which has a half-life of 138.4 days. Polonium is efficiently absorbed by living organisms and is estimated to contribute approximately 7% of the total effective dose from ingested natural internal radiation. The primary source of atmospheric 210Po is the decay of radon-222 (222Rn), which precipitates onto land and water surfaces, including crops. In Cannabis sativa, 210Po accumulates primarily through direct deposition on leaf surfaces and from fertilizers, particularly phosphate fertilizers. This study examined 10 samples of dried hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) legally available in Poland, assessing 210Po concentrations through radiochemical analysis. Various consumption methods were analysed, including smoking with a glass pipe, a water pipe (bong), a cigarette (joint or spliff), and vaporization. The desorption of 210Po during combustion and vaporization was measured, revealing significant differences based on the method used. Results showed that smoking with a glass pipe resulted in the highest desorption of 210Po (approximately 80%), while water pipe and blunt smoking exhibited lower desorption rates (around 40%). The efficiency of 210Po adsorption in filters varied, with water filters showing about 8% absorption and cellulose filters about 20%. Vaporization results indicated that the desorption of 210Po increased with temperature. These findings underscore the importance of considering the method of consumption when calculating the radiation dose from 210Po, as the differences can significantly impact the accuracy of dose assessments. The study highlights the need for further research to optimize safety guidelines for cannabis consumption in relation to radioactive contaminants.
Towards Sustainable Viable Economic Development: Leveraging Heat Exchange Networks and the Return on Incremental Investment Metric
Authors: Wagialla Kamil M. , Abuelgasim Doaa , Elhussein Aisha 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This paper introduces a novel metric; Return on Incremental Investment (ROII), to assess project economic profitability within the framework of clean technologies. A heat exchange network (HEN) is taken as an example for the implementation of ROII as a systematic economic evaluation approach. Through a case study of a simplified green grass chemical facility, the economic analysis involves heat integration via algebraic and mathematical mixed integer linear programming (MILP), estimation of additional capital expenditure, utility cost savings, and eventually ROII calculation. The computational procedures are outlined in a step-by-step approach, starting from the extraction of streams’ thermodynamic data up to the final stage of ROII assessment. The findings offer valuable insights for industrial experts and plant managers to make informed decisions based on prioritized economic performance benchmarking for commercially sustainable economic development objectives. Overall, this study contributes to advancing the rigorous assessment of economic viability within the context of clean technologies, facilitating informed decision-making towards energy-efficient technologies and sustainable economic development initiatives. The results of the economic evaluation of the undertaken case study underscore the high sensitivity of ROII to changes in utility costs, particularly the cost of power.
Nomogram based on Multimodal ultrasound features for evaluating breast nonmass lesions: a single center study
Authors: Yu Li-Fang , Zhu Luo-Xi , Dai Chao-Chao , Xu Xiao-Jing , Tan Yan-Juan , Yan Hong-Ju , Bao Ling-Yun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
It is challenging to correctly identify and diagnose breast nonmass lesions. This study aimed to explore the multimodal ultrasound features associated with malignant breast nonmass lesions (NMLs), and evaluate their combined diagnostic performance.
Methods
This retrospective analysis was conducted on 573 breast NMLs, with multimodal ultrasound features being reassessed by two experienced radiologists. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore multimodal ultrasound features associated with malignancy, and developed a nomogram. Diagnostic performance and clinical utility were evaluated and validated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve and decision curve in the training and validation cohorts.
Results
Multimodal ultrasound features including linear (odds ratio [OR] = 4.69, P = 0.021) or segmental distribution (OR = 7.67, P = 0.020), posterior shadowing (OR = 3.14, P = 0.006), calcification (OR = 7.40, P < 0.001), hypovascularity (OR = 0.38, P = 0.003), elasticity score of 4 (OR = 7.00, P < 0.001) and 5 (OR = 15.77, P < 0.001) were independent factors associated with malignant breast NMLs. The nomogram based on these features exhibited diagnostic performance comparable to that of experienced radiologists, with superior specificity (89.4%, 89.5% vs. 81.2%) and positive predictive value (PPV) (89.2%, 90.4% vs. 82.4%). The nomogram also demonstrated good calibration in both training and validation cohorts (all P > 0.05). Decision curve analysis indicated that interventions guided by the nomogram would be beneficial across a wide range of threshold probabilities (0.05 ~ 1 in the training cohort and 0.05 ~ 0.93 in the validation cohort).
Conclusions
The combined use of linear or segmental distribution, posterior shadowing, calcification, hypervascular and high elasticity score, displayed as a nomogram, demonstrated satisfied diagnostic performance for malignant breast NMLs, which may contribute to the imaging interpretation and clinical management of tumors.
Sequencing the Neurome: Towards Scalable Exact Parameter Reconstruction of Black-Box Neural Networks
Authors: Goldfeder Judah , Roets Quinten , Guo Gabe , Wright John , Lipson Hod 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Inferring the exact parameters of a neural network with only query access is an NP-Hard problem, with few practical existing algorithms. Solutions would have major implications for security, verification, interpretability, and understanding biological networks. The key challenges are the massive parameter space, and complex non-linear relationships between neurons.
We resolve these challenges using two insights. First, we observe that almost all networks used in practice are produced by random initialization and first order optimization, an inductive bias that drastically reduces the practical parameter space. Second, we present a novel query generation algorithm that produces maximally informative samples, letting us untangle the non-linear relationships efficiently.
We demonstrate reconstruction of a hidden network containing over 1.5 million parameters, and of one 7 layers deep, the largest and deepest reconstructions to date, with max parameter difference less than 0.0001, and illustrate robustness and scalability across a variety of architectures, datasets, and training procedures.
Teaching Interactive Language: The Perspectives and Approaches of EFL Teachers in High schools and Certain Students in Particular
Authors: Obsa Obsa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate how high school EFL teachers and students perceived CLT and to what extent they used the principles across their entire classes in the Ethiopian high school setting. The research was carried out using a combination of techniques. Exploratory research approach was used in the study to clarify reliable participant data. 100 students and 26 English language teachers from secondary schools in the West Guji Zone participated in the study, which was carried out in a few chosen secondary schools in the zone. Purposive and random sampling approaches were applied in the sample population selection process. The observation checklist, interview, and questionnaire served as the data gathering tools. Whereas information from interviews and observations was qualitatively presented to support the quantitative data, information from questionnaires was quantitatively evaluated and interpreted in terms of percentages. Overall study results showed that a majority of teachers (80.41%) and over half of participants (62.33%) had a somewhat positive opinion of the CLT premises. The study, however, reveals a stark disparity between the way instructors and students actually use CLT in an EFL setting and how they perceive it.
Current-Induced Magnetic Field Free Switching in Spin Filter Tunnel Junctions
Authors: Prasad Bhagwati , Kumar Vinod , Mondal Suryakanta , Godha Akshat , Omar Ashish , Makineni Surendra , Kalitsov Alan , Tang Yu-Hui , Mundy Julia , Blamire Mark 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Adopting current-driven switching mechanisms in spintronic devices has effectively addressed the challenges of magnetic field-dependent switching and large device footprints(1, 2), thereby providing a high-density, fast, energy-efficient, and non-volatile memory solution for massive data handling3–7. The Spin-Filter Tunnel Junction (SFTJ) is emerging as an alternative spintronic device for memory applications(8, 9). However, until now, SFTJ devices have been manipulated by external magnetic fields. This paper reports the current-induced switching in the SFTJ devices, where the magnetic state of the ferromagnetic insulating manganite, Sm0.75Sr0.25MnO3 (SSMO), serving as the spin-filter barrier, is manipulated by the current. The realization of these devices involved the growth of lattice-matched oxide heterostructures and the fabrication of nanopillar tunnel devices, achieving an unconventional magnetoresistance (MR) of approximately 200% at 5K. This work highlights the strong influence of applied current on the magnetic switching field, suggesting a current-induced inverse metamagnetic transition in the ferromagnetic insulating barrier layer. Through comprehensive analysis under various experimental conditions and supported by theoretical calculations, this study presents the first demonstration of current-induced magnetic field-free switching in SFTJ devices. This marks a significant advancement in the field of spintronics, particularly at low temperatures, for energy-efficient cryogenic memory technology applicable to quantum electronics(10, 11) and quantum computing(12, 13).
Strategic Enhancements in Electricity Price Forecasting: The Role of XGBoost and Error Correction Features
Authors: Tightiz Lilia , Yoo Joon , Al-Shibli Wedad Khamis 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Due to the fact that the electricity markets are now driven by the integration of renewable energy sources, they experience very high price volatility. This paper presents the upgraded forecasting model with a view to managing such volatility by making use of an improved XGBoost algorithm with error-corrective features. Important factors such as holidays and dew point are considered in explaining their substantial influence on the dynamics of electricity pricing. The model ingests hour-based load and pricing information from the ISO New England energy market. Afterwards, Bayesian optimization of hyperparameters further makes the model very accurate and computationally efficient. Results in Mean Absolute Error (rMAE) and Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (sMAPE) show this model to be very resilient against contemporary energy market complexity.
Impact of Dual Optical Feedback on theDynamics of a Photonic Neuron: EnhancedDeterminism and Temporal Symmetries
Authors: Bannon John P. , Main Eli , Hill Thomas , Aragoneses Andrés 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In a complex dynamical system, noise, feedback, and external forces shape behavior that can range from regularity to high-dimensional chaos. Multiple feedback sources can significantly alter its dynamics, potentially even suppressing the system's output. This study investigates the impact of competing feedback sources on a stochastic complex dynamical system using a photonic neuron—a diode laser with external optical feedback. By varying the feedback intensities from two external reflectors, we explore how dual feedback influences the system's behavior. Using ordinal analysis and advanced measures of complexity, we quantify the system's dynamics and uncover underlying symmetries. Our findings reveal that the interaction between the two feedback sources induces a more intense deterministic behavior, distinct from the dynamics produced by each feedback source individually. Additionally, clear temporal symmetries emerge across all dynamical regimes. By employing a novel entropy-vector representation, we are able to identify a unique signature that characterizes the system's dynamics.
Knockdown Resistance (kdr) Associated Organochlorine Resistance in Mosquito-Borne Diseases (Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles darlingi, Anopheles dirus and Anopheles punctipennis): A Systematic Review Study
Authors: Abbasi Ebrahim , Daliri Salman 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles darlingi, Anopheles dirus, and Anopheles punctipennis are malaria vectors in many world regions. The resistance of these vectors against insecticides, especially organochlorine insecticides, has significantly hindered efforts to control them. Although one of the causes of resistance is kdr mutation, studies in this field have been done sporadically. As a result, this study was conducted to investigate the kdr mutation in the mentioned vectors using a systematic review method.
Methods
This study was conducted as a systematic review of kdr mutation in Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles darlingi, Anopheles dirus, and Anopheles punctipennis. Therefore, the international scientific databases PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were searched, and all relevant articles were extracted and surveyed without a time limit until the end of June 2024. The quality assessment of the articles was done using the Strobe checklist.
Result
Five articles were included in the systematic review process. The findings indicated that kdr mutation was not observed in any of the four species of Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles darlingi, Anopheles dirus, and Anopheles punctipennis, and the causes of resistance are other factors, including other metabolic resistances such as MFO and NSE.
Conclusion
Based on the findings, kdr mutation does not play any role in creating resistance in Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles darlingi, Anopheles dirus, and Anopheles punctipennis. Considering these vectors' various behavioral and biological characteristics, other metabolic and behavioral can cause resistance against organochlorine insecticides. Consequently, there is a need to conduct studies on the factors that cause resistance in these vectors.
Molecular and functional characterization of Echinococcus multilocularis delta/notch signalling components
Authors: Speicher Chris , Bergmann Monika , Brehm Klaus 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Pluripotent somatic stem cells are the drivers of unlimited growth of Echinococcus multilocularis metacestode tissue within organs of the intermediate host. For developing anti-infectives against the underlying disease, alveolar echinococcosis, it is vital to understand the basic mechanisms of Echinococcus stem cell maintenance, proliferation, and differentiation. We herein undertake first steps towards characterizing the role of an evolutionarily old system of metazoan cell differentiation, delta/notch signalling, in Echinococcus cell fate decisions. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that all central components of this pathway are encoded by the Echinococcus genome and are expressed in parasite larval stages. By in situ hybridisation we analysed the expression patterns of two delta-like ligands, delta1 and delta2, as well as two notch receptors, notch1 and notch2. We show that these components display ‘salt-and-pepper’-like expression patterns in the Echinococcus protoscolex, indicative of lateral inhibition mechanisms. Two of these genes, delta2 and notch2, are posteriorly expressed in the protoscolex and are the major components of delta/notch signalling in the metacestode. EdU incorporation assays revealed that none of the delta/notch signalling factors is expressed in germinative cells nor in their immediate progeny, indicating that Echinococcus delta/notch dependent cell fate decisions are exclusively determined in post-mitotic cells. Finally, RNA interference against delta2 and notch2 led to significantly diminished production of metacestode vesicles from Echinococcus primary cell cultures, thus underlining the importance of this pathway for parasite development within the host. These analyses are relevant for understanding the interplay of fate determining signalling pathways in Echinococcus cell differentiation and may be exploited for the development of novel anti-infectives against echinococcosis.
K-fold cross-validation based frequentist model averaging for linear models with nonignorable missing responses
Authors: Liang Zhongqi , Cai Li , Wang Suojin , Wang Qihua 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

A frequentist model averaging method based on K-fold cross-validation is proposed for linear models with nonignorable missing responses. When all the candidate models are misspecified, the asymptotic optimality of the proposed method is established in the sense that it can asymptotically achieve the minimum squared loss. If the set of the candidate models contains the correct ones, the proposed method is also shown to be selection consistent in the sense that the sum of the model averaging weights assigned to the correct candidate models asymptotically converges to one. Numerical simulations were conducted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method, and as an illustration the proposed method was applied to analyze a diabetes dataset.
Approximate Dynamic Global Illumination for VR
Authors: Papaioannou Georgios 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Convincing illumination is a major component of visual immersion in virtual worlds. For dynamic environments, the direct and indirect scattering of light must adapt to changes in both the geometry and the light sources, a computationally demanding task for typical untethered VR systems or mobile platforms. In this paper we explore a simple yet effective approach to generate real-time, responsive illumination effects due to the indirect scattering of light in the virtual space, based on the well-studied approach of instant radiosity and the notion of virtual point lights (VPLs), which simulate global illumination via direct lighting. However, contrary to the instant radiosity method, where VPLs are spawned on demand by tracing photons from the light sources, here the VPLs are statically defined and represent the geometric and material properties of the underlying environment. Dynamic updates to the VPLs intensity allow for fast reflected light estimation, taking into account light source visibility. We provide a full details and evaluation of the methodology and easy-to-use source code to apply the technique in the Unity game engine.