bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of Anti- Apoptotic Gene ( BARF1) and Immunomodulatory Gene (BCRF1) For Epstein Barr Virus in Chronic Active EBV Patients
Authors: Nsaif Ola Hafedh , Froushani Seyyed Meysam Abtahi , Abood Walaa Najm 
Published: October 2024

Epstein Barr virus (EBV) is a herpes virus with double-stranded DNA enclosed by proteins. The envelope of the virus has glycoproteins, which are important for attachment and entry into the host cells (B cells and epithelial cells). EBV targets B cells by utilizing their molecular machinery to replicate the viral genome. The virus causes B cells to differentiate into memory B cells, which then can move into the circulatory system, or become latent until a trigger causes reactivation. The transmission of the Epstein Barr virus occurs in several ways, such as deep kissing or food-sharing. Increased levels of viral DNA are found in salivary secretions after the initial infection. Children can be infected after eating food that has already been chewed by an EBV infected individual. The transmission has occurred through stem cell and organ transplantation, as well as blood transfusion. EBV has several associated complications, One dangerous complication is splenic rupture due to infectious mononucleosis. Aim of the Study: To Estimation the immunemodulatory and Oncogenes for Epstein Barr Virus Associated with Viral Tumorigenesis in Chronic Active EBV Patients By Detection of EBV IgG in all samples , Estimation the expression of antiapoptotic gene ( BARF1) and immunomodulatory gene (BCRF1). Result: The study showed there are high significant between the patient group with different inflammation disease in addition infected with virus compare with have not disease When detection genetically about the virus in sample of infected by EBV the presence of genes has been diagnosed BARF1 and BCRF1 in patient's group.
Factors Associated With Meconium-Stained Amniotic Fluid Among Postdated Women In Kirkuk Province, Iraq
Authors: Asker Noorsan kareem , Ahmed Bestoon mohammed 
Published: October 2024

Background: Meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF), also known as green-stained amniotic fluid, has long been associated with the risk of miscarriage. MSAF is becoming more prevalent as a woman gets older and reaches a peak of 15% around delivery time. Studies indicated that MSAF affects 7–9% of all term births. Objectives: The main aim of this study is to identify whether the prolongation of pregnancy beyond the expected date of delivery has negative effects on the health of both mothers and the neonate. To identify the risk factors related to meconium-stained amniotic fluid among postdated deliveries. Additionally, to identify the risk factors related to MSAF among postdated deliveries. Methodology: The study was carried out over six months in the hospitals in the Kirkuk province region of Iraq. The constructed questionnaire (Using the interviewing technique) was used for data collection. Statistical significance was defined as a P value of less than or equal to 0.05. Results: The study results reveal that the mean age is 28.36 ± 6.52. Concerning residence, most reported that they have been living in urban areas. Regarding the client's educational qualifications, more than half read and write. The gestational age for less than half is 37-40 weeks. Regarding the occurrence of MSAF, the study found a significant association between gestational age, educational qualifications of the mothers, and their residency. Conclusion: MSAF is among the risk factors that jeopardize the life of the mother and the baby during pregnancy and after delivery. The study revealed significant findings among some demographic data such as the mother's gestational age and the area of residency along with the women's educational qualifications with MSAF. The study recommended that extra attention and care be provided to the rural areas which have a crucial role in the prevention of such problems.
AS INTERFACES ENTRE LINGUAGEM E EMOÇÃO:
Authors: Teixeira de Figueiredo Thuany , Gomes Bernardino Leonardo 
Published: October 2024

O presente trabalho aborda as emoções mistas e sua relação com a linguagem. O objetivo principal é analisar as características de trabalhos realizados sobre o fenômeno e as questões linguísticas relacionadas a ele. Uma emoção mista é um estado emocional que compreende duas emoções diferentes, como se sentir feliz e triste ao mesmo tempo. A perspectiva teórica adotada baseia-se nos trabalhos de Damásio (2018), de Waal (2021), Foolen (2016), Larsen et al. (2001) e Vaccaro et al. (2020). Metodologicamente, realizamos um levantamento bibliográfico acerca das pesquisas sobre emoções mistas nos últimos 30 anos. Os resultados indicam que: há diferentes estímulos e tarefas utilizados nas pesquisas; o intervalo etário mais pesquisado é entre os 4 e 11 anos; a combinação emocional mais investigada é “feliz e triste”; as palavras “feliz” e “triste” são mais frequentes do que blends linguísticos.
A subsurface depocenter in the South Polar Layered Deposits of Mars
Authors: Whitten J. L. , Campbell B. A. , Morgan G. A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe South Polar Layered Deposits (SPLD) are one of the largest water ice reservoirs on Mars, and their accumulation is driven by variations in the climate primarily controlled by orbital forcings. Patterns of subsurface layering in the SPLD provide important information about past atmospheric dust content, periods of substantial erosion, and variations in local or regional deposition. Here we analyze the SPLD using SHAllow RADar (SHARAD) sounder data to gain a unique perspective on the interior structure of the deposits and to determine what subsurface layers indicate about the preserved climate history. SHARAD data reveal a major deviation from the gently domical layering typical of the SPLD: a subsurface elongate dome. The dome most likely formed due to variations in the accumulation of ice and snow across the cap, with a higher rate occurring in this region over a prolonged period. This SPLD depositional center provides an important marker of south polar climate patterns.
A new approach developed to study variability in North African dust transport routes over the Atlantic during 2001–2015
Authors: Meng L. , Gao H. W. , Yu Y. , Yao X. H. , Gao Y. , Zhang C. , Fan Lei 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe investigated the variability in the North African dust transport routes over the Atlantic (NAD routes) by extracting the dust transport central axis using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer aerosol data for 2001–2015. The results showed that the NAD routes can be classified into two regimes, a southern route centered at the southernmost position of 6.08 ± 1.12°N during November to March and a northern route centered at the northernmost position of 18.21 ± 1.04°N during April to October. In the southern route, large intervariation was correlated with the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), but the ITCZ and NAO jointly explained only 38% of the variation. In the northern route, the ITCZ alone explained 67% of the intervariation. The extracted trends during 2001–2015 exhibited a northward shift of 1.68° for the southern route and of 0.52° for the northern route. The causes for the shift were also examined.
Toward relaxed eddy accumulation measurements of sediment‐water exchange in aquatic ecosystems
Authors: Lemaire Bruno J. , Noss Christian , Lorke Andreas 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSolute transport across the sediment‐water interface has major implications for water quality and biogeochemical cycling in aquatic ecosystems. Existing measurement techniques, however, are not capable of resolving sediment‐water fluxes of most constituents under in situ flow conditions. We investigated whether relaxed eddy accumulation (REA), a micrometeorological technique with conditional sampling of turbulent updrafts and downdrafts, can be adapted to the aquatic environment. We simulated REA fluxes by reanalyzing eddy covariance measurements from a riverine lake. We found that the empirical coefficient that relates mass fluxes to the concentration difference between both REA samples is invariant with scalar and flow and responds as predicted by a joint Gaussian distribution of linearly correlated variables. Simulated REA fluxes differed on average by around 30% from eddy covariance fluxes (mean absolute error). Assessment of the lower quantification limit suggests that REA can potentially be applied for measuring benthic fluxes of a new range of constituents that cannot be assessed by standard eddy covariance methods.
Sensitivity of array detector measurements in determining shifts of MLC leaf positions
Authors: Shang Qingyang , Godley Andrew , Huang Long , Qi Peng , Xia Ping 
Published: August 2017

AbstractUsing a MatriXX 2D ionization chamber array, we evaluated the detection sensitivity of systematically introduced MLC leaf positioning shifts to test whether the conventional IMRT QA method can be used for quality assurance of an MLC tracking algorithm. Because of finite special resolution, we first tested whether the detection sensitivity was dependent of the locations of leaf shifts and positions of ionization chambers. We then introduced the same systematic leaf shifts in two clinical intensity modulated radiotherapy plans (prostate and head and neck cancer). Our results reported differences between the measured planar doses with and without MLC shifts (errors). Independent of the locations of the leaf position shifts and positions of the detectors, for the simple rectangular fields, the MatriXX was able to detect ±2 mm MLC leaf positioning shifts with Gamma index of 3%/3 mm and ±1 mm MLC leaf position shifts with Gamma index of 2%/2 mm. For the clinical plans, measuring the fields individually, leaf positioning shifts of ±2 mm were detected using Gamma index of 3%/3 mm and a passing rate of 95%. When the fields were measured compositely, the Gamma index exhibited less sensitivity for the detection of leaf positioning shifts than when the fields were measured individually. In conclusion, if more than 2 mm MLC leaf shifts were required, the commercial detector array (MatriXX) is able to detect such MLC positioning shifts, otherwise a more sensitive quality assurance method should be used.
Efficacy of daratumumab‐based therapies in patients with relapsed, refractory multiple myeloma treated outside of clinical trials
Authors: Lakshman Arjun , Abeykoon Jithma P. , Kumar Shaji K. , Rajkumar S. Vincent , Dingli David , Buadi Francis K. , Gonsalves Wilson I. , Leung Nelson , Dispenzieri Angela , Kourelis Taxiarchis V. , Go Ronald S. , Lacy Martha Q. , Hobbs Miriam A. , Lin Yi , Warsame Rahma , Lust John , Fonder Amie L. , Hwa Yi L. , Hayman Suzanne R. , Russell Stephen J. , Kyle Robert A. , Gertz Morie A. , Kapoor Prashant 
Published: August 2017

AbstractOutside of clinical trials, experience with daratumumab‐based combination therapies (DCTs) using bortezomib (V)/lenalidomide (R)/pomalidomide (P), and dexamethasone (d) in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) is limited. We reviewed the outcomes of 126 patients who received ≥ 1 cycle of any DCT. Median age at DCT initiation was 67 (range, 43‐93) years. High‐risk cytogenetics was present in 33% patients. Median number of prior therapies was 4 (range, 1‐14) and time to first DCT from diagnosis was 4.3 years (range, 0.4‐13.0). Seventeen (13%) patients were refractory to single agent daratumumab. Fifty‐two (41%), 34 (27%), 23 (18%), and 17 (14%) received DPd, DRd, DVd and “other” DCTs, respectively. Overall response rate was 47%. Median follow‐up was 5.5 months (95% CI, 4.2‐6.1). Median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 5.5 months (95% CI, 4.2‐7.8). Median overall survival was not reached (NR) with any regimen. Median PFS (months) was worst for penta‐refractory MM (n = 8) vs quadruple refractory MM (n = 18) and others (n = 100) (2.2 [95% CI, 1‐2.4] vs 3.1 [95% CI, 2.1‐NR] vs 5.9 [95% CI, 5.0‐NR]; P < .001); those who were refractory to ≥1 agents used in the DCT vs others (4.9 [95% CI, 3.1‐6.0] vs 8.2 [95% CI, 4.6‐NR]; P = .02); and those who received >2 prior therapies vs others (5.0 months [95% CI, 3.7‐5.9] vs NR [95% CI, NR‐NR]; P = .002). Non‐hematologic toxicities included infections (38%), fatigue (32%), and infusion reactions (18%). Grade 3 or higher hematological toxicities were seen in 41% of patients. DCTs are effective in RRMM. ORR and PFS in heavily pretreated patients are lower than those reported in clinical trials.
Cryosurgical posterior nasal tissue ablation for the treatment of rhinitis
Authors: Hwang Peter H. , Lin Bryant , Weiss Raymond , Atkins James , Johnson Jacob 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundEndoscopic posterior nasal nerve (PNN) resection has been described as an efficacious surgical treatment of allergic and nonallergic rhinitis, but the requirement for surgery under general anesthesia has limited its acceptance. We report the first series of patients treated for chronic rhinitis using a novel device designed for office‐based cryosurgical ablation of the PNN.MethodsTwenty‐seven patients with chronic rhinorrhea and/or nasal congestion for >3 months were recruited (allergic or nonallergic rhinitis), with minimum rhinorrhea and/or congestion subscores of 2 as part of the Total Nasal Symptom Score [TNSS]). Under local anesthesia, the cryotherapy device was applied endoscopically to the posterior middle meatus and was used to freeze the PNN region bilaterally. Patients were followed up after 7, 30, 90, 180, and 365 days to assess TNSS.ResultsThe procedure was successfully completed in 100% of patients, with no complications; 74% reported no or mild discomfort by the first postprocedure day. TNSS was reduced significantly at 30 days (mean ± standard deviation: 6.2 ± 0.5 at baseline, 2.6 ± 0.3 at 30 days, n = 27, p < 0.001), with continued reduction at 90 (2.7 ± 0.4, n = 24, p < 0.001), 180 (2.3 ± 0.5, n = 21, p < 0.001), and 365 days (1.9 ± 0.3, n = 15, p < 0.001). Both rhinorrhea and congestion subscores decreased significantly at 30, 90, 180, and 365 days compared to baseline (p < 0.001). Allergic and nonallergic subcohorts both appeared to benefit from treatment.ConclusionOffice‐based cryotherapy of the PNN region is safe and well tolerated. Symptom scores were significantly decreased by 7 days postprocedure and remained lower at 30, 90, 180, and 365 days.
Rhinology‐specific priority setting for quality improvement: a modified Delphi study from the Quality Improvement Committee of the American Rhinologic Society
Authors: Rudmik Luke , Mattos Jose L. , Stokken Janalee K. , Soler Zachary M. , Manes R. Peter , Higgins Thomas S. , Setzen Michael , Lee Jivianne , Schneider John 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundImproving the quality of healthcare is a complex and resource intensive process. To optimize the allocation of scarce resources, quality improvement (QI) should focus on high‐value diseases that will produce the largest improvement in health system performance. Given the breadth and multidisciplinary nature of sinonasal disease management, the purpose of this study was to transparently develop a prioritized list of sinonasal diseases for QI from the perspective of the specialty of rhinology and the American Rhinologic Society (ARS).MethodsThe RAND modified Delphi methodology was used to rank the priority of nine sinonasal disease categories from 1 (lowest priority) to 9 (highest priority). Two rounds of ranking along with a teleconference meeting was performed by a panel of 9 experts from the ARS Quality Improvement Committee.ResultsThe final QI‐prioritized list of sinonasal diseases are as follows: chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) (mean score = 8.9), recurrent acute rhinosinusitis (RARS) (mean score = 7.9), sinonasal neoplasms (mean score = 7.0), anatomic nasal obstruction (mean score = 5.9), refractory epistaxis (mean score = 5.2), complicated acute rhinosinusitis (mean score = 5.2), chronic nonallergic rhinitis (mean score = 4.4), orbital disease (mean score = 4.3), uncomplicated acute rhinosinusitis (mean score = 4.1), and allergy/allergic rhinitis (mean score = 3.7).ConclusionThe three most important disease categories for QI from the perspective of the specialty of rhinology were CRS, RARS, and sinonasal neoplasms. Future studies need to define and validate quality metrics for each of these important disease categories in order to facilitate appropriate measurement and improvement initiatives.
Steering Surface Reaction Dynamics with a Self‐Assembly Strategy: Ullmann Coupling on Metal Surfaces
Authors: Zhou Xiong , Wang Chenguang , Zhang Yajie , Cheng Fang , He Yang , Shen Qian , Shang Jian , Shao Xiang , Ji Wei , Chen Wei , Xu Guoqin , Wu Kai 
Published: August 2017

AbstractUllmann coupling of 4‐bromobiphenyl thermally catalyzed on Ag(111), Cu(111), and Cu(100) surfaces was scrutinized by scanning tunneling microscopy as well as theoretical calculations. Detailed experimental evidence showed that initial formation of organometallic intermediates on the surface, as self‐assembled structures or sparsely dispersed species, is determined by the subsequent reaction pathway. Specifically, the assembled organometallic intermediates at full coverage underwent a single‐barrier process to directly convert into the final coupling products, while the sparsely dispersed intermediates at low coverage went through a double‐barrier process via newly identified clover‐shaped intermediates prior to formation of the final coupling products. These findings demonstrate that a self‐assembly strategy can efficiently steer surface reaction pathways and dynamics.
Selective Palladium‐Catalyzed Allenic C−H Bond Oxidation for the Synthesis of [3]Dendralenes
Authors: Qiu Youai , Posevins Daniels , Bäckvall Jan‐E. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA highly selective palladium‐catalyzed allenic C−H bond oxidation was developed, and it provides a novel and straightforward synthesis of [3]dendralene derivatives. A variety of [3]dendralenes with diverse substitution patterns are accessible with good efficiency and high stereoselectivity. The reaction tolerates a broad substrate scope containing various functional groups on the allene moiety, including ketone, aldehyde, ester, and phenyl groups. Also, a wide range of olefins with both electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing aryls, acrylate, sulfone, and phosphonate groups are tolerated.
A sensitive surface‐enhanced Raman scattering method for chondroitin sulfate with Victoria blue 4R molecular probes in nanogold sol substrate
Authors: Luo Yanghe , Wang Xiaoliang , Liu Qingye , Liang Aihui , He Xingcun , Jiang Zhiliang 
Published: August 2017

AbstractUsing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as the nanocatalyst, l‐cysteine rapidly reduced HAuCl4 to make a stable gold nanoparticle sol (Ag/AuNP) that had a high surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity in the presence of Victoria blue 4R (VB4r) molecular probes. Under the selected conditions, chondroitin sulfate (Chs) reacted with the VB4r probes to form associated complexes that caused the SERS effect to decrease to 1618 cm−1. The decreased SERS intensity was linear to the Chs concentration in the range 3.1–500 ng/ml, with a detection limit of 1.0 ng/ml Chs. Accordingly, we established a simple and sensitive SERS quantitative analysis method to determine Chs in real samples, with a relative standard deviation of 1.47–3.16% and a recovery rate of 97.6–104.2%.
Deferred or immediate stent implantation for primary percutaneous coronary intervention: A meta‐analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Mahmoud Ahmed N. , Saad Marwan , Elgendy Akram Y. , Mentias Amgad , Elgendy Islam Y. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo perform a meta‐analysis of randomized trials comparing a deferred versus immediate stenting strategy for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).BackgroundDeferred stent implantation has emerged as a potential strategy aiming to reduce the thrombus burden and improve micro‐vascular reperfusion during primary PCI.MethodsElectronic databases were searched for randomized trials that compared a deferred stent implantation versus immediate stent implantation strategy in patients undergoing primary PCI. Random effects risk ratios (RR) were estimated for the outcomes of interest.ResultsFour trials with 1,570 patients were included. A deferred stent implantation strategy was associated with a lower incidence of no‐/slow reflow (RR 0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24‐0.96), and improved myocardial blush grade 3 (RR 1.42, 95% CI 1.14–1.77). At a mean follow up of 34 ± 15 months, both strategies were associated with a similar risk of all‐cause mortality (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.58–1.24), cardiovascular mortality (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.48–1.45), reinfarction (RR 1.54, 95% CI 0.43–5.49), and stent thrombosis (RR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.04–3.35, P = 0.36).ConclusionIn patients undergoing primary PCI, deferred stent implantation is associated with improvement in surrogate outcomes, but does not appear to improve clinical outcomes. Future randomized trials are encouraged to identify the patient population who might benefit from a deferred stent implantation strategy (e.g., high thrombus burden).
The Phosphinoboration of N‐Heterocycles
Authors: Geier Stephen J. , Vogels Christopher M. , Mellonie Niall R. , Daley Erika N. , Decken Andreas , Doherty Simon , Westcott Stephen A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe addition of phosphinoboronate ester Ph2PBpin (pin=1,2‐O2C2Me4) (1) to a number of different N‐heterocycles has been investigated. Reaction of 1 with pyridine resulted in highly selective formation of the corresponding 1,4‐addition product, with addition of the electron‐deficient Bpin group to the pyridine nitrogen atom and the phosphido group to the para carbon atom. Conversely, reactions of para‐substituted pyridine derivatives occurred predominately to afford 1,2‐addition products while quinoline reacted to afford the 1,2‐adduct which ultimately isomerized to afford the corresponding 1,4‐addition product. Preliminary computational studies have been undertaken to explore possible pathways for these transformations including transfer of the PPh2− anion from [B(PPh2)2pin]− to the 4‐position of a borenium/boronium activated pyridine and concerted pathways for 1,2‐addition via intramolecular nucleophilic attack of PPh2 at C2 of a Ph2PBpin‐coordinated pyridine via a four‐centered transition state and intramolecular transfer of PPh2 to the 2‐position of a boron‐activated pyridine in a phosphido‐bridged dimer involving a six‐centered transition state.
Ligand Influence on Carbonyl Hydroboration Catalysis by Alkali Metal Hydridotriphenylborates [(L)M][HBPh3] (M=Li, Na, K)
Authors: Osseili Hassan , Mukherjee Debabrata , Spaniol Thomas P. , Okuda Jun 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAlkali metal hydridotriphenylborates [(L1)M][HBPh3] (L1=Me6TREN; M=Li, Na, K) chemoselectively catalyze the hydroboration of carbonyls and CO2, with lithium being the most active system. A new series of complexes [(L2)M][HBPh3] [M=Li (1), Na (2), K (3)] featuring the cyclen‐derived macrocyclic polyamine Me4TACD (L2) were synthesized in a “one‐pot” fashion and fully characterized including X‐ray crystallography. In the crystal, 1–3 exhibit wide variation in metal coordination of the [HBPh3]− anion from lithium to potassium. The structures differ from those in [(L1)M][HBPh3]. Effects of coordination of L1, L2, and other N‐ and O‐donor multidentate ligands on [Li(HBPh3)] were used to rationalize the catalytic activity in carbonyl hydroboration.