bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebrospinal fluid markers to distinguish bacterial meningitis from cerebral malaria in children
Authors: Njunge James M. , Oyaro Ian N. , Kibinge Nelson K. , Rono Martin K. , Kariuki Symon M. , Newton Charles R. , Berkley James A. , Gitau Evelyn N. 
Published: September 2017

Background. Few hospitals in high malaria endemic countries in Africa have the diagnostic capacity for clinically distinguishing acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) from cerebral malaria (CM). As a result, empirical use of antibiotics is necessary. A biochemical marker of ABM would facilitate precise clinical diagnosis and management of these infections and enable rational use of antibiotics. Methods. We used label-free protein quantification by mass spectrometry to identify cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers that distinguish ABM (n=37) from CM (n=22) in Kenyan children. Fold change (FC) and false discovery rates (FDR) were used to identify differentially expressed proteins. Subsequently, potential biomarkers were assessed for their ability to discriminate between ABM and CM using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results. The host CSF proteome response to ABM (Haemophilus influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae) is significantly different to CM. Fifty two proteins were differentially expressed (FDR<0.01, Log FC≥2), of which 83% (43/52) were upregulated in ABM compared to CM. Myeloperoxidase and lactotransferrin were present in 37 (100%) and 36 (97%) of ABM cases, respectively, but absent in CM (n=22). Area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were assessed for myeloperoxidase (1, 1, and 1; 95% CI, 1-1) and lactotransferrin (0.98, 0.97, and 1; 95% CI, 0.96-1). Conclusion. Myeloperoxidase and lactotransferrin have a high potential to distinguish ABM from CM and thereby improve clinical management. Their validation requires a larger cohort of samples that includes other bacterial aetiologies of ABM.
Identification of Spiroplasma insolitum symbionts in Anopheles gambiae
Authors: Chepkemoi Sharon T. , Mararo Enock , Butungi Hellen , Paredes Juan , Masiga Daniel K , Sinkins Steven P. , Herren Jeremy K. 
Published: September 2017

Background: Insect symbionts have the potential to block the transmission of vector-borne diseases by their hosts. The advancement of a symbiont-based transmission blocking strategy for malaria requires the identification and study of Anopheles symbionts. Methods: High throughput 16S amplicon sequencing was used to profile the bacteria associated with Anopheles gambiae sensu lato and identify potential symbionts. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with specific primers were subsequently used to monitor symbiont prevalence in field populations, as well as symbiont transmission patterns. Results: We report the discovery of the bacterial symbiont, Spiroplasma, in Anopheles gambiae in Kenya. We determine that geographically dispersed Anopheles gambiae populations in Kenya are infected with Spiroplasma at low prevalence levels. Molecular phylogenetics indicates that this Anopheles gambiae associated Spiroplasma is a member of the insolitum clade. We demonstrate that this symbiont is stably maternally transmitted across at least two generations and does not significantly affect the fecundity or egg to adult survival of its host. Conclusions: In diverse insect species, Spiroplasma has been found to render their host resistant to infection by pathogens. The identification of a maternally transmitted strain of Spiroplasma in Anopheles gambiae may therefore open new lines of investigation for the development of symbiont-based strategies for blocking malaria transmission.
Lower Price or Higher Reward? Measuring the Effect of Consumers’ Preferences on Reward Programs
Authors: Rossi Federico 
Published: September 2017

Despite criticisms regarding their effectiveness, reward programs today represent a prevalent and apparently successful form of marketing investment for several industries such as airlines, hotels, gas stations, and credit cards. To understand what might contribute to their success, this paper investigates the purchase behavior of consumers who participate in a reward program from the travel industry. We estimate a dynamic demand model of gasoline purchase, and compare the value that consumers attach to rewards with the value they attach to the money spent for gasoline. We find that there exists a significant portion of frequent travelers who extract more value from one dollar’s worth of rewards than from one dollar spent for gasoline. Most of the effectiveness of the reward program is due to the behavior of these consumers. Their insensitivity to price induces firms to increase fuel prices by 1 euro cent per liter, which corresponds to about 10% increase in their margins. The program also contributes to softening competition, increasing margins by 4%. The web appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2821 . This paper was accepted by Matthew Shum, marketing.
Pulmonary rehabilitation: Uptake and completion profile of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Adekunle Ademola O , Watson Tim , Schreuder Fiona M 
Published: September 2017

Background/Aims: Pulmonary rehabilitation is effective in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients; however, 33% of patients referred for pulmonary rehabilitation do not start the programme. This study examines the relationship between participation in outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation and baseline measures of disease severity and psychosocial variables in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Methods: In an observational study and before their first outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation appointment, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients completed outcome measures of depression (Brief Assessment Depression Card), social support (Duke Social Support Index), multidimensional health locus of control and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severity (Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale). Data on attendance at the pulmonary rehabilitation appointments were obtained from the pulmonary rehabilitation register. Results: A total of 51 patients (mean age 77.2 years, male=20), completed the study. Results indicated that the if the patient has depression, there was a moderate, but statistically significant association (P=0.02) with the uptake of pulmonary rehabilitation. There was no significant correlation between uptake status and any of the domains of multidimensional health locus of control, Duke Social Support Index or Medical Research Council dyspnea score (P>0.005). Conclusion: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and depression are less likely to take up a referral to pulmonary rehabilitation compared to those without depression. Social support, multidimensional health locus, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severity does not have a relationship with the uptake or completion of outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation.
Micro-Enterprise and Personalisation
Authors: Needham Catherine , Allen Kerry , Hall Kelly 
Published: September 2017

Shifts to independent delivery of health and social care services has led to increased numbers of micro-enterprises. Could these tiny organisations with just 5 or fewer employees be the best way of delivering cost-effective health and social care services in the context of decreased budgets and increased demands? What size is 'just right' for a care provider? This book explores size as an independent variable in care services, comparing outcomes and value for money across micro, small, medium and large organisations. Using interviews and surveys with 108 people using services and careers in 27 case study organisations it focuses on the contribution micro-enterprise can make to the care sector. Findings indicate that the quality of service provided by small organisations does support the assumption of an affinity between being small and being personalised. Small and micro-enterprises can deliver more personalised services, particularly in the home. They also offer better outcomes than larger providers for a similar cost. However stability can be a problem for micro-enterprises, particularly those that employ staff and need to have a relatively consistent financial turnover. The Care Act 2014 creates a conducive policy environment for micro-enterprise, as local authorities must stimulate a diverse local market and facilitate personalisation of services. However the challenges of austerity are a powerful counterweight, discouraging the sorts of innovative and experimentation which would allow micro-enterprise to thrive.
Craft as cultural ecologically located practice: Comparative case studies of textile crafts in Cyprus, Estonia and Peru
Authors: Dillon Patrick , Kokko Sirpa 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This article reports comparative case studies in three countries: Estonia, Cyprus and Peru. Through these, the cultural ecologies of six textile craft practitioners, two in each country, were investigated using an interview-based situational analysis. Cultural ecology is concerned with transactional relationships between people and the environments that they inhabit. It provides a lens on the processes of continuity and change that shape cultural patterns and cultural traditions. Interviews were conducted in open format around questions about biographical and professional practice. Relationships between practitioners’ personal histories and their craft practices were explored. Outcomes suggest that the cultural ecologies are profoundly shaped by the transmission of customs, beliefs and values from generation to generation, which, in turn, are located within a place of social interaction conferring a sense of belonging and an environment for the formation of social identities. These attachments powerfully influence continuity in the craft traditions. The interrelated processes of globalization and technological development are the dominant agents of change. Responses to these pressures vary with the practitioners in the three countries and are linked to factors associated with cultural resilience.
Book Reviews
Authors: Hackney Fiona , Rissanen Timo 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
For Folk’s Sake: Art and Economy in Twentieth-Century Nova Scotia, Erin Morton (2016) Montréal, Quebec: McGill/Queen’s University Press, 424 pp., illus. 76 col., ISBN: 9780773548114, h/bk, $108.00; ISBN: 9780773548121, p/bk, $40.46
Folk Fashion: Understanding Homemade Clothes, Amy Twigger Holroyd (2017) London: I.B. Tauris, 256 pp., ISBN: 9781784536497, p/bk, £14.99
Juno Moneta Atlas: Warburgian production or performing context-change
Authors: Westwood Martin 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This article speculates connections between symbolic, pecuniary and formal economies in light of the question ‘what identifies Warburgian production?’ I propose that method occurs as a reflexive feature in Warburgian production. Engaging Elie Ayache’s discussion of the technology of the derivatives market, settheoretical intersection and the context of context-change I will sketch a non-representational Warburgian capacity, existing in the intervals and velocity changes between reproductive and distributive contexts.
Images – uses – imagination: Lignes de Temps in a Warburgian context
Authors: Etchepare Delphine 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The goal of this article is to bring together two methodological approaches to the study of images. The first was developed by Aby Warburg, around his work for the Mnemosyne Atlas. The second was created by researchers establishing the framework for a software entitled Lignes de Temps. I will try to demonstrate that a new methodology in the understanding of images works toward a ‘pedagogy of imagination’. I will also try to show how, from my point of view, this innovative methodology, which redefines the roles of the audience and its relationships to pictures, was already active within the research of Warburg. The spectator-researcher does not need a pre-established hypothesis. He or she can trust his own practice with the images to spark a new string of thoughts. From that potential of imagination and creation, a whole new field of singular and personal images may spring.
DUAS PROTEÍNAS (TcTIA6 e TcTIA7) ENVOLVIDAS NA BIOSSÍNTESE DA TIAMINA CODIFICADAS PELO GENOMA do Theobroma cacao L
Authors: Santana Juliano Oliveira , Silva Gonçalo Santos , Bernardes Luciano Angelo de Souza 
Published: September 2017

A tiamina funciona como um cofator para atividades de várias enzimas que atuam no metabolismo de carboidratos e aminoácidos. Este trabalho objetivou analisar através de técnicas de bioinformática os genes responsáveis pela biossíntese da tiamina codificadas pelo genoma do Theobroma cacao L. Foram encontrados dois genes, um no cromossomo6 e outro no 7, sendo nomeados TcTIA6 e TcTIA7. O alinhamento múltiplo da TcTIA6 e TcTIA7 revelou alta identidade com a proteína da Arabidopis thaliana e seu direcionamento é destinado para a rota secretora do cloroplasto. Foram observados motifs conservados na região C-terminal, indicando participação no mecanismo de reparo de DNA. Analisando o dendrograma ficou evidenciado que os genes estudados tiveram um ancestral comum com Gossypium raimondii. As análises mostraram que as proteínas TcTIA6 e TcTIA7 provavelmente são bifuncionais, uma vez queestão envolvidas na biossíntese da tiamina e na estabilidade da molécula de DNA.
Salinity induced changes in water relations, oxidative damage and morpho-physiological adaptations of pistachio genotypes in soilless culture
Authors: Mirfattahi Zahra , Karimi Soheil , Roozban Mahmoud Reza 
Published: September 2017

Selecting salt tolerant rootstocks is a sustainable approach for developing fruit trees in salinity prone areas. 60-day-old seedlings of Pistacia vera ‘Akbari’ and ‘Ghazvini’, and P. vera ‘Ghazvini’ × P. atlantica (G×A) were subjected to 0, 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl in half strength Hoagland’s nutrient solution. After 45 days, the growth, water relations, and oxidative damage parameters were investigated. Salt stress reduced plant biomass, height, crown diameter and leaf number, but increased specific leaf area (SLA) of the seedlings. Under salt stress, the growth of ‘Akbari’ seedlings was higher than the other genotypes. Accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline was observed in the leaves of salt affected seedlings. ‘Ghazvini’ seedlings had the highest MDA concentration and the lowest cell membrane stability in their leaves. Degredation of photosynthetic pigments under salt stress was lower in the leaves of ‘Akbari’ seedlings than that in other genotypes. Increase in leaf succulence was observed in ‘Akbari’ and G×A seedlings in response to salt stress. Relative water content and concentration of anthocyanins in the leaves of pistachio genotypes remained unchanged under salt stress. The results revealed that monitoring leaf abscission, SLA, leaf succulence, MDA concentration, and photosynthetic pigments provide suitable contrast for screening salt tolerance in pistachio. Furthuremore, ‘Akbari’ was found to be the most salt tolerant genotype.
Assessment of heritability and genetic advance for agronomic traits in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)
Authors: NIKKHAHKOUCHAKSARAEI HASSAN , Martirosyan Hamlet 
Published: September 2017

In order to evaluate the amount of heritability for desirable agronomic characteristics and the genetic progress associated with grain yield of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.), a split plot experiment was carried out with four replications during three cropping seasons (2009-2012). Three sowing dates (as environmental factor) and six durum wheat varieties (as genotypic factor) were considered as main and sub factors respectively. Analysis of variance showed interaction effects between genotypes and environments in days to ripening, plant height, spike length, number of grains per spike, number of spikes per unit area, grain mass and grain yield. The grain yield showed the highest positive correlation with number of grains per spike also grain mass (91 % and 85 %, respectively). A relatively high heritability of these traits (82.1 % and 82.2 %, respectively) suggests that their genetic improvement is possible. The maximum genetic gain (19.6 %) was observed for grain mass, indicating this trait should be a very important indicator for durum wheat breeders, although the climatic effects should not be ignored.
Procedure for evaluation of the attractiveness of the quarries’ landscape
Authors: Baczyńska Elżbieta , Lorenc Marek W. , Kaźmierczak Urszula 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Post-mining workings, especially after the exploitation of the rocks, become attractive mainly because of their landscape forms. These new forms of landscape can be an important element of tourist interest, and can cause the regional tourist revival. Quarries, as a quite specific forms, may, however, be received by individuals, as more or less attractive. The existing methods of landscape attractiveness evaluation cannot be directly applied to assess the attractiveness of abandoned quarries without the introduction of some partial criteria. The article attempts to present the methodological basis of the procedure for evaluating the attractiveness of the landscape of the quarries by setting new criteria for such an assessment. To do this, the method of semantic differential, called the Osgood’s Method, was used, as well as principles of entropy and point bonitation. The evaluation of the attractiveness of the quarries’ landscape consists of the results of these methods. On such basis, four classes of the attractiveness of the landscape of abandoned quarries have been defined.
Identification of prospective geosites that show features of the active continental margin in eastern Kii Peninsula, Southwest Japan
Authors: Suzuki Dorota , Takagi Hideo 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The eastern Kii Peninsula exhibits a variety of rock outcrops, fossils, and other geological features that illustrate the formation history of the Japanese Islands. This work aims to describe the geotourism potential of the region based on the significant rock exposures, and sets out the basis for establishing geosites in this region in the future. Geologically important sites have been selected, together with places of unique history and culture within the northern part of the eastern Kii Peninsula, including the Ise and Toba areas. The results of this study include a detailed description of the geology and history of the region, together with an evaluation of the relative value of each selected locality as a geosite. Proper development and promotion of the proposed sites would make the sites available for education and tourism, and provide opportunities for suitable development and the popularization of geological knowledge.
On an algorithm for the problem of tracking a trajectory of a parabolic equation
Authors: Blizorukova Marina , Maksimov Vyacheslav 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the problem of tracking a solution of a reference parabolic equation by a solution of another equation. A stable algorithm based on the extremal shift method is proposed for this problem. The algorithm is designed to work on a sufficiently large time interval where both equations operate.
Impact of Water-Induced Processes on the Development of Tarns and Their Basins in the High Tatras
Authors: Tomko-Králo Dávid , Hreško Juraj , Jakab Imrich 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In the report we concentrate on the influences of water-induced morphodynamic processes and surface flow on the development of tarns in alpine environment conditions of selected valleys in the High Tatras. Model areas are represented by higher basins parts in the Malá Studená valley and the Veľká Studená valley, where we confirmed that slope-gravitational processes in the form of rockfall, water-gravitational processes in the form of debris flows, but also fluvial-proluvial processes as the accumulation of the soft fractions from the area of debris cones take part in the material deposition in the tarns. In this context we focused on the creation of the model of spatial distribution of the water-induced potential of material deposition in drainage tarn basins. The model includes three basic factors: slope and curvature of the relief and land cover character. Map processing with GIS technologies was done on the basis of a 3-D relief model, which allowed the locating of the local erosion bases areas, where the material could be accumulated. The achieved results confirmed the hypothesis that tarn basin development of the alpine environment is subordinated to permanent backfilling as a consequence of the cumulative influence of the several processes connected with rainfall and the runoff regime of the drainage basins.
Microbial Investigation of Recreation Effects on Water and Soil in the Tatra National Park
Authors: Júdová Jana , Lacušová Veronika , Kvasnová Simona , Švajda Juraj 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Tatra National Park is considered as the most visited protected area in Slovakia. Striking a balance between the preservation of natural resources and opportunities for public recreation often forces responsible authorities to make compromises between visitation impacts and protection. In this case, the microbial investigation of recreation effects on water and soil in the Tatra National Park were studied.
The study areas were two valleys – Malá Studená, accessible by trail from south with higher human impact and visitation, including mountain huts Téryho and Zamkovského chata and Javorová, accessible from the northern part with a low number of visitors. Soil samples were taken from the main path, 30 cm away from it and water samples from or near the main path in both valleys. The selected colonies, after the cultivation on TSA medium were also analysed according to the dry and semi-extraction procedure of MALDI–TOF method. Most of the obtained strains are endospore forming, psychrotolerant species like Pseudomonas, Bacillus or Paenibacillus away of path, which corresponds with the climate and geographical conditions. But, the relatedness of soil sample strains in both valleys increases with rising altitude, with distance away from path; in contrast, the relatedness of water samples strains in both valleys increases with increasing distance sample areas from chalet and frequent visitors’ places. Water and soil samples were processed for community level physiological profiling using Biolog EcoPlates. The obtained results of carbon source utilization abilities of bacterial communities in both valleys suggested lower diversity in Javorová Valley, which corresponds probably with less visitor intensity, with less anthropogenic impact as well as with less risk of xenobiotics presence in environment.
Zinc and lead recovery from jarosite residues produced in zinc hydrometallurgy by vacuum reduction and distillation
Authors: Li Jin , Ma Hongzhou 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Jarosite residues in zinc hydrometallurgy are considered as hazardous waste as they contain heavy metals such as Zn and Pb. A novel vacuum reduction and distillation process has been put forward to recover Zn and Pb from jarosite residues. Four main factors including the amount of coke powder, amount of lime powder, heating temperature, and holding time which have an influence on volatilization of Zn and Pb were studied in this paper by the statistical software JMP. The results show that heating temperature is the key factor among the four contributing factors. By examination of the relationship between the four factors and the volatilization of Zn and Pb, it is indicated that a heating temperature of 1000°C, holding time of 90 min, and addition of 29.6% coke powder and 13% lime powder to the residues led to optimum ratios of 99.4% of both Zn and Pb volatilization. The results show that this process is an effective method in dealing with zinc, lead, and iron in jarosite residues and it is an environment-friendly process.