bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Nitrite in Milk- and Soy-Based Nutritional Ingredients by Derivatization with 2,3-Diaminonaphthalene and Fluorescence Spectrometry
Authors: Ehling Stefan , Reddy Todime M 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Nitrite (NO2–) is an inorganic anion that can be found in various powdered milk- and soy-based nutritional ingredients as an incidental contaminant. Reliable determination of NO2– in nutritional ingredients is of paramount importance to ensure the safety of finished products. The derivatization reaction of NO2– with 2,3-diaminonaphthalene with the formation of fluorescent 2,3-naphtotriazole has been adapted to milk- and soy-based nutritional ingredients. The sample preparation consisted of protein precipitation with Carrez solution, simple pass-through cleanup of extracts utilizing a carbon black-based cartridge and derivatization, followed by batch fluorometry. The method was validated in six representative ingredient matrixes—i.e., whole-milk powder, nonfat dry milk, milk protein concentrate, whey protein concentrate, sodium caseinate, and soy protein isolate. Recovery values were 82–109%, whereas within-day and intermediate precision were 0.6–5.2 and 3.6–11% (RSDs), respectively. The method LOQ was 0.1 or 0.2 µg/g sodium nitrite (NaNO2), depending on the ingredient matrix. Surveyed NO2– concentration levels in 25 lots of 10 types of nutritional ingredients ranged from between less than 0.1 to 29 µg/g NaNO2. This method is proposed as a more sensitive and rugged alternative to the widely used ion chromatographic and colorimetric approaches.
The North America mid‐Cretaceous kimberlite corridor: Wet, edge‐driven decompression melting of an OIB‐type deep mantle source
Authors: Kjarsgaard B. A. , Heaman L. M. , Sarkar C. , Pearson D. G. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThirty new high‐precision U‐Pb perovskite and zircon ages from kimberlites in central North America delineate a corridor of mid‐Cretaceous (115–92 Ma) magmatism that extends ∼4000 km from Somerset Island in Arctic Canada through central Saskatchewan to Kansas, USA. The least contaminated whole rock Sr, Nd, and Hf isotopic data, coupled with Sr isotopic data from groundmass perovskite indicates an exceptionally limited range in Sr‐Nd‐Hf isotopic compositions, clustering at the low ɛNd end of the OIB array. These isotopic compositions are distinct from other studied North American kimberlites and point to a sublithospheric source region. This mid‐Cretaceous kimberlite magmatism cannot be related to mantle plumes associated with the African or Pacific large low‐shear wave velocity province (LLSVP). All three kimberlite fields are adjacent to strongly attenuated lithosphere at the edge of the North American craton. This facilitated edge‐driven convection, a top‐down driven processes that caused decompression melting of the transition zone or overlying asthenosphere. The inversion of ringwoodite and/or wadsleyite and release of H2O, with subsequent metasomatism and synchronous wet partial melting generates a hot CO2 and H2O‐rich protokimberlite melt. Emplacement in the crust is controlled by local lithospheric factors; all three kimberlite fields have mid‐Cretaceous age, reactivated major deep‐seated structures that facilitated kimberlite melt transit through the lithosphere.
Dual Catalytic Activity of a Cytochrome P450 Controls Bifurcation at a Metabolic Branch Point of Alkaloid Biosynthesis in Rauwolfia serpentina
Authors: Dang Thu‐Thuy T. , Franke Jakob , Tatsis Evangelos , O'Connor Sarah E. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPlants create tremendous chemical diversity from a single biosynthetic intermediate. In plant‐derived ajmalan alkaloid pathways, the biosynthetic intermediate vomilenine can be transformed into the anti‐arrhythmic compound ajmaline, or alternatively, can isomerize to form perakine, an alkaloid with a structurally distinct scaffold. Here we report the discovery and characterization of vinorine hydroxylase, a cytochrome P450 enzyme that hydroxylates vinorine to form vomilenine, which was found to exist as a mixture of rapidly interconverting epimers. Surprisingly, this cytochrome P450 also catalyzes the non‐oxidative isomerization of the ajmaline precursor vomilenine to perakine. This unusual dual catalytic activity of vinorine hydroxylase thereby provides a control mechanism for the bifurcation of these alkaloid pathway branches. This discovery highlights the unusual catalytic functionality that has evolved in plant pathways.
Silver‐Catalyzed Oxidative C(sp3)−P Bond Formation through C−C and P−H Bond Cleavage
Authors: Li Lili , Huang Wenbin , Chen Lijin , Dong Jiaxing , Ma Xuebing , Peng Yungui 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe silver‐catalyzed oxidative C(sp3)−H/P−H cross‐coupling of 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds with H‐phosphonates, followed by a chemo‐ and regioselective C(sp3)−C(CO) bond‐cleavage step, provided heavily functionalized β‐ketophosphonates. This novel method based on a readily available reaction system exhibits wide scope, high functional‐group tolerance, and exclusive selectivity.
On the Presence of the Patella in Frogs
Authors: Abdala Virginia , Vera Miriam C. , Ponssa María Laura 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThe patella is one of the most studied sesamoids. Historically, the patella is described as a big sesamoid embedded in the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle. This sesamoid is studied from developmental, functional, clinical, and anatomical perspectives. The presence of a patella is reported in squamatans, birds, and mammals. Lissamphibians are identified as the major lineage that fail to develop a patella. However, this sesamoid is reported at least once in anurans, but without detailed anatomical discussions. Through anatomical and histological studies we examined the topography and tissue composition of two structures that we identify as the proximal and distal patellae in several anuran species. We explored the evolution of these sesamoids through ancestral state reconstruction, finding that they are ancestral for amphibians and possibly tetrapods as a whole. The presence of these patellae in anurans would roll back their origin to the last common ancestor of tetrapods. From a functional perspective, the overwhelming evidence of fibrocartilage as a clear response to compression suggests that the fibrocartilaginous patellae could also withstand the mechanical stress generated on the knee undergoing compression during limb extension. Anat Rec, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Anat Rec, 300:1747–1755, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Growth and Development at the Sphenoethmoidal Junction in Perinatal Primates
Authors: Smith Timothy D. , McMahon Matthew J. , Millen Michelle E. , Llera Catherine , Engel Serena M. , Li Ly , Bhatnagar Kunwar P. , Burrows Anne M. , Zumpano Michael P. , DeLeon Valerie B. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTIntegration of the sphenoid and ethmoid bones during early postnatal development is poorly described in the literature. A uniquely prolonged patency of sphenoethmoidal synchondrosis or prespheno‐septal synchondrosis (PSept) has been attributed to humans. However, the sphenoethmoidal junction has not been studied using a comparative primate sample. Here, we examined development of the sphenoethmoidal interface using ontogenetic samples of Old and New World monkeys, strepsirrhine primates (lemurs and lorises), and a comparative sample of other mammals. Specimens ranging from late fetal to 1 month postnatal age were studied using histology, immunohistochemistry, and micro‐computed tomography methods. Our results demonstrate that humans are not unique in anterior cranial base growth at PSept, as it is patent in all newborn primates. We found two distinctions within our sample. First, nearly all primates exhibit an earlier breakdown of the nasal capsule cartilage that abuts the orbitosphenoid when compared to nonprimates. This may facilitate earlier postnatal integration of the basicranium and midface and may enhance morphological plasticity in the region. Second, the PSept exhibits a basic dichotomy between strepsirrhines and monkeys. In strepsirrhines, the PSept has proliferating chondrocytes that are primarily oriented in a longitudinal plane, as in other mammals. In contrast, monkeys have a convex anterior end of the presphenoid with a radial boundary of cartilaginous growth at PSept. Our findings suggest that the PSept acts as a “pacemaker” of longitudinal facial growth in mammals with relatively long snouts, but may also contribute to facial height and produce a relatively taller midface in anthropoid primates. Anat Rec, 300:2115–2137, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Developing global regression models for metabolite concentration prediction regardless of cell line
Authors: André Silvère , Lagresle Sylvain , Da Sliva Anthony , Heimendinger Pierre , Hannas Zahia , Calvosa Éric , Duponchel Ludovic 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTFollowing the Process Analytical Technology (PAT) of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), drug manufacturers are encouraged to develop innovative techniques in order to monitor and understand their processes in a better way. Within this framework, it has been demonstrated that Raman spectroscopy coupled with chemometric tools allow to predict critical parameters of mammalian cell cultures in‐line and in real time. However, the development of robust and predictive regression models clearly requires many batches in order to take into account inter‐batch variability and enhance models accuracy. Nevertheless, this heavy procedure has to be repeated for every new line of cell culture involving many resources. This is why we propose in this paper to develop global regression models taking into account different cell lines. Such models are finally transferred to any culture of the cells involved. This article first demonstrates the feasibility of developing regression models, not only for mammalian cell lines (CHO and HeLa cell cultures), but also for insect cell lines (Sf9 cell cultures). Then global regression models are generated, based on CHO cells, HeLa cells, and Sf9 cells. Finally, these models are evaluated considering a fourth cell line(HEK cells). In addition to suitable predictions of glucose and lactate concentration of HEK cell cultures, we expose that by adding a single HEK‐cell culture to the calibration set, the predictive ability of the regression models are substantially increased. In this way, we demonstrate that using global models, it is not necessary to consider many cultures of a new cell line in order to obtain accurate models. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 2550–2559. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Differential expression profile of long non‐coding RNA in cardiomyocytes autophagy induced by angiotensin II
Authors: Gu Ying , Yang Fan , Xu Ru‐ming , Zhang Yun‐yan , Li Yang , Liu Su‐xuan , Zhang Guan‐xin , Wang Guo‐kun , Ma Li‐ping 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAutophagy is a ubiquitous intracellular process for cellular homeostasis maintenance by recycling damaged protein and organelles. Dysregulation of cardiomyocytes autophagic activity is implicated in various heart diseases. Recent studies had demonstrated that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) played crucial roles on modulation of autophagic activity. In this study, we first established an angiotensin II‐induced autophagy model on neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Western blot assay confirmed that the expression of Beclin 1 and the conversion of soluble LC3‐I to lipid bound LC3‐II were significantly increased at 12 h after angiotensin II stimulation, but the cardiomyocytes surface area and hypertrophic markers expression had no significant change. Then microarray analysis and real‐time PCR were applied to detect differentially expressed lncRNAs during cardiomyocytes autophagy. A total of 1,249 lncRNAs were determined as differentially expressed, including 700 upregulated lncRNAs and 549 downregulated lncRNAs. LncRNAs subgroup analysis showed there were 43 transcribed ultra‐conserved noncoding RNAs (T‐UCRs) differentially expressed in cardiomyocytes autophagy, of which 26 T‐UCRs were upregulated and 17 T‐UCRs were downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis further showed that 94 differentially expressed lncRNAs contained potential binding sites of miR‐22, a pro‐hypertrophic and pro‐autophagic microRNA. Therefore, these differentially expressed lncRNAs might play critical roles in cardiomyocytes autophagy. This finding would provide an experimental basis for future investigation on ischemic heart disease.
Race‐specific molecular alterations correlate with differential outcomes for black and white endometrioid endometrial cancer patients
Authors: Bateman Nicholas W. , Dubil Elizabeth A. , Wang Guisong , Hood Brian L. , Oliver Julie M. , Litzi Tracy A. , Gist Glenn D. , Mitchell David A. , Blanton Brian , Phippen Neil T. , Tian Chunqiao , Zahn Christopher M. , Cohn David E. , Havrilesky Laura J. , Berchuck Andrew , Shriver Craig D. , Darcy Kathleen M. , Hamilton Chad A. , Conrads Thomas P. , Maxwell G. Larry 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to identify molecular alterations associated with disease outcomes for white and black patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC).METHODSEEC samples from black (n = 17) and white patients (n = 13) were analyzed by proteomics (liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry) and transcriptomics (RNA‐seq). Coordinate alterations were validated with RNA‐seq data from black (n = 49) and white patients (n = 216). Concordantly altered candidates were further tested for associations with race‐specific progression‐free survival (PFS) in black (n = 64) or white patients (n = 267) via univariate and multivariate Cox regression modeling and log‐rank testing.RESULTSDiscovery analyses revealed significantly altered candidate proteins and transcripts between black and white patients, suggesting modulation of tumor cell viability in black patients and cell death signaling in black and white patients. Eighty‐nine candidates were validated as altered between these patient cohorts, and a subset significantly correlated with differential PFS. White‐specific PFS candidates included serpin family A member 4 (SERPINA4; hazard ratio [HR], 0.89; Wald P value = .02), integrin subunit α3 (ITGA3; HR, 0.76; P = .03), and Bet1 Golgi vesicular membrane trafficking protein like (BET1L; HR, 0.48; P = .04). Black‐specific PFS candidates included family with sequence similarity 228 member B (FAM228B; HR, 0.13; P = .001) and HEAT repeat containing 6 (HEATR6; HR, 4.94; P = .047). Several candidates were also associated with overall survival (SERPINA4 and ITGA3) as well as PFS independent of disease stage, grade and myometrial invasion (SERPINA4, BET1L and FAM228B).CONCLUSIONSThis study has identified and validated molecular alterations in tumors from black and white EEC patients, including candidates significantly associated with altered disease outcomes within these patient cohorts. Cancer 2017;123:4004‐12. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Race and risk of metastases and survival after radical prostatectomy: Results from the SEARCH database
Authors: Freedland Stephen J. , Vidal Adriana C. , Howard Lauren E. , Terris Martha K. , Cooperberg Matthew R. , Amling Christopher L. , Kane Christopher J. , Aronson William J. ,   for the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital (SEARCH) Database Study Group
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUNDBlack race is associated with prostate cancer (PC) diagnosis and poor outcome. Previously, the authors reported that black men undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) in equal‐access hospitals had an increased risk of biochemical disease recurrence (BCR), but recurrences were equally aggressive as those occurring in white men. The authors examined the association between race and long‐term outcomes after RP.METHODSData regarding 1665 black men (37%) and 2791 white men (63%) undergoing RP were analyzed. Using Cox models, the authors tested the association between race and BCR, BCR with a prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) doubling time <9 months (aggressive disease recurrence), metastases, PC‐specific death, and overall death.RESULTSAt a median follow‐up of 102 months, 1566 men (35%) developed BCR, 217 men (5%) experienced aggressive disease recurrence, 193 men (4%) developed metastases, and 1207 men (27%) had died, 107 of whom (2%) died of PC. White men were older and had a lower preoperative PSA level, a lower biopsy and pathological grade group, and more capsular penetration but less seminal vesicle invasion and positive surgical margins versus black men (all P<.05). Black men were found to have a more recent surgery year (P<.001). On univariable analysis, black race was associated with increased BCR (P = .003) and reduced overall death (P = .017). On multivariable analysis, black race was not found to be associated with BCR (hazard ratio [HR], 1.07; P = .26), aggressive recurrence (HR, 1.14; P = .42), metastasis (HR, 1.24; P = .21), PC‐specific death (HR, 1.03; P = .91), or overall death (HR, 1.03; P = .67).CONCLUSIONSAmong men undergoing RP at equal‐access centers, although black men were found to have an increased risk of BCR, they had similar risks of aggressive disease recurrence, metastasis, and PC‐specific death compared with white men, and the risk of BCR was found to be similar after controlling for risk parameters. Longer follow‐up is needed to confirm these findings. Cancer 2017;123:4199–4206. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Young adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia show evidence of chronic inflammation and cellular aging
Authors: Ariffin Hany , Azanan Mohamad Shafiq , Abd Ghafar Sayyidatul Syahirah , Oh Lixian , Lau Kee Hie , Thirunavakarasu Tharshanadhevasheri , Sedan Atiqah , Ibrahim Kamariah , Chan Adelyne , Chin Tong Foh , Liew Fong Fong , Jeyamogan Shareni , Rosli Erda Syerena , Baharudin Rashidah , Yap Tsiao Yi , Skinner Roderick , Lum Su Han , Hainaut Pierre 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUNDLarge epidemiologic studies have reported the premature onset of age‐related conditions, such as ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus, in childhood cancer survivors, decades earlier than in their peers. The authors investigated whether young adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have a biologic phenotype of cellular ageing and chronic inflammation.METHODSPlasma inflammatory cytokines were measured using a cytometric bead array in 87 asymptomatic young adult survivors of childhood ALL (median age, 25 years; age range, 18‐35 years) who attended annual follow‐up clinic and compared with healthy, age‐matched and sex‐matched controls. Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) was measured using Southern blot analysis.RESULTSSurvivors had significant elevation of plasma interleukin‐2 (IL‐2), IL‐10, IL‐17a, and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein levels (all P < .05). A raised high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein level (>0.8 mg/dL) was related to increased odds of having metabolic syndrome (odds ratio, 7.256; 95% confidence interval, 1.501‐35.074). Survivors also had significantly shorter LTL compared with controls (median, 9866 vs 10,392 base pairs; P = .021). Compared with published data, LTL in survivors was similar to that in healthy individuals aged 20 years older. Survivors who received cranial irradiation had shorter LTL compared with those who had not (P = .013).CONCLUSIONSAsymptomatic young adult survivors of childhood ALL demonstrate a biologic profile of chronic inflammation and telomere attrition, consistent with an early onset of cellular processes that drive accelerated aging. These processes may explain the premature development of age‐related chronic conditions in childhood cancer survivors. Understanding their molecular basis may facilitate targeted interventions to disrupt the accelerated aging process and its long‐term impact on overall health. Cancer 2017;123:4207–4214. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Survivorship and the chronic cancer patient: Patterns in treatment‐related effects, follow‐up care, and use of survivorship care plans
Authors: Frick Melissa A. , Vachani Carolyn C. , Bach Christina , Hampshire Margaret K. , Arnold‐Korzeniowski Karen , Metz James M. , Hill‐Kayser Christine E. 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUNDThe survivorship needs of patients living with chronic cancer (CC) and their use of survivorship care plans (SCPs) have been overlooked and underappreciated.METHODSA convenience sample of 39,088 SCPs completed for cancer survivors with an Internet‐based SCP tool was examined; it included 5847 CC survivors (15%; CC was defined as chronic leukemia and/or recurrent/metastatic cancer of another nature). Patient‐reported treatment effects and follow‐up care patterns were compared between CC survivors and survivors treated with curative intent (CI). Responses from a follow‐up survey regarding SCP satisfaction and use were reviewed.RESULTSCC survivors had greater odds of experiencing multiple treatment‐related effects than survivors treated with CI; these effects included fatigue, cognitive changes, dyspnea, peripheral neuropathy, lymphedema, and erectile dysfunction. Nearly half of CC survivors were managed by an oncologist alone, and they were less likely than CI patients to be comanaged by a primary care provider and an oncologist. Fewer SCPs were generated by health care providers (HCPs) for CC survivors versus CI survivors. A smaller proportion of CC users versus CI users rated their experience and satisfaction with the SCP tool as very good or excellent, and CC users were less likely to share the HCP summary with their health care team.CONCLUSIONSA substantial number of CC survivors, often considered incurable but treatable, seek survivorship support. Tools to facilitate participation, communication, and coordination of care are valuable for these patients, and future iterations of SCPs should be designed to address the particular circumstances of living with CC. Cancer 2017;123:4268–4276. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
The evolution and functions of nuclei of the visual pulvinar in primates
Authors: Baldwin Mary K.L. , Balaram Pooja , Kaas Jon H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this review, we outline the history of our current understanding of the organization of the pulvinar complex of mammals. We include more recent evidence from our own studies of both New and Old World monkeys, prosimian galagos, and close relatives of primates, including tree shrews and rodents. Based on cumulative evidence, we provide insights into the possible evolution of the visual pulvinar complex, as well as the possible co‐evolution of the inferior pulvinar nuclei and temporal cortical visual areas within the MT complex.