bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement in the predictive ability of the Intermountain Mortality Risk Score by adding routinely collected laboratory tests such as albumin, bilirubin, and white cell differential count
Authors: May Heidi T. , Anderson Jeffrey L. , Muhlestein Joseph B. , Lappé Donald L. , Ronnow Brianna S. , Horne Benjamin D. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

Background:
The Intermountain Mortality Risk Score (IMRS), a sex-specific mortality-prediction metric, has proven to be effective in various populations. IMRS is comprised of the complete blood count (CBC), basic metabolic panel (BMP), and age. Whether the addition of factors from the comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) and white blood cell (WBC) differential count improves risk stratification is unknown.

Methods:
Patients with baseline complete metabolic panel (CMP) and IMRS measurements were randomly assigned (60%/40%) to independent derivation (n=84,913) and validation (n=56,584) populations. A sex-specific risk score based on IMRS methods was computed in the derivation population using adjusted multivariable regression weights from all significant and noncollinear CMP [expanded IMRS (eIMRS)] and, when available, WBC differential components (eIMRS+diff).

Results:
Age averaged 67±16 years for females and 67±15 years for males. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) c-statistics for 30-day death showed marked improvement for the eIMRS compared to the IMRS in both females [0.895 (0.882, 0.908) vs. 0.865 (0.850, 0.880)] and males [0.861 (0.847, 0.876) vs. 0.824 (0.807, 0.841)]. These results persisted for 1-year death: females [0.854 (0.847, 0.862) vs. 0.828 (0.819, 0.836)] and males [0.835 (0.826, 0.844) vs. 0.796 (0.789, 0.808)]. In addition, the eIMRS significantly improved risk reclassification. Further precision was seen when WBC differential components were included.

Conclusions:
The addition of the CMP components to the IMRS improved risk prediction. WBC differential also improved risk score predictive ability. These results suggest that the eIMRS may function even better than IMRS as a tool in patient care, risk-adjustment, and clinical research settings for predicting outcomes.
Chemical oxidative polymerization of conductive polyaniline-iron oxide composite as an electro-transducer for electrochemical sensing applications
Authors: Shaimi Roswani , Ketar Mokhtar Nabilah Mohamad , Tan Peng Chee , Jawad Zeinab Abbas , Low Siew Chun 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This study explored the preparation of conductive polyaniline-iron oxide (PANI-Fe2O3) that served as the electrical signal transducer, to convert the electrochemical interactions between the biotinylated-goat-anti-mouse IgG (b-IgG) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) into a measurable resistance signal. In this study, PANI was synthesized through the oxidative polymerization of aniline monomer (AM) in the presence of ammonium persulfate (APS) as the oxidizing agent. Concentration effects of AM and volume ratios of AM:APS were evaluated so as to obtain higher conductivity performance in an electrochemical sensing application. The synthesized PANI composites were analyzed through conductivity measurement. The conductive PANI-Fe2O3-GA-b-IgG bio-conjugates was then interacted with BSA, relays the antigen-antibody binding as a measured electrical detection in an assembled pulse-mode electrochemical biosensor. In present work, 0.2 m of AM with 1:3 volume ratio of AM:APS has contributed to the optimal ionic conductivity property of PANI, with excellent electrochemical sensing performance recorded at 3.538±0.067 mΩ.
Continuous H2O2 direct synthesis process: an analysis of the process conditions that make the difference
Authors: Huerta Irene , Biasi Pierdomenico , García-Serna Juan , Cocero María J. , Mikkola Jyri-Pekka , Salmi Tapio 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
A trickle bed reactor (TBR) was used to study different process parameters upon hydrogen peroxide direct synthesis. The catalysts used were commercial palladium on active carbon. The influence of pressure (1.75–25 barg), temperature (5–60°C), liquid flow rate (2–13.8 ml·min-1), gas flow rate (3.4–58.5 ml·min-1), catalyst amount (90–540 mg), Pd percentage on the support (5% wt., 10% wt. and 30% wt. Pd/C) as well as promoter concentrations (0.0005–0.001 m) were all varied as process parameters to better understand the behaviour of the system. By contrast, the gas phase molar composition of the feed (4:20:76=H2:O2:CO2) was kept constant. The strong influence between liquid flow rate, gas flow rate and catalyst amount were identified as the key parameters to tune the reaction, and related to the activity of the catalyst. In essence, these parameters must be carefully tuned to control the hydrogen consumption. The maximum productivity (289 μmol H2O2·min-1) and yield (83.8%) were obtained when a diluted bed of 30% Pd/C was applied. The H2O2 hydrogenation was studied in order to understand its role in the H2O2 direct synthesis reaction network. The hydrogenation reaction mechanism and the role of NaBr were identified thanks to the experiment proposed in the present work. Consequently, understanding the whole reaction mechanism from the process conditions studied led to a deeper understanding of all of the phenomena involved in the H2O2 direct synthesis.
Review on role of progestogen (dydrogesterone) in the prevention of gestational hypertension
Authors: Mohamad Razi Zainul Rashid , Schindler Adolf E. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

Introduction:
Gestational hypertension remains one of the main causes of maternal deaths all over the world. Attempts to reduce/prevent the incidence had failed due to lack of understanding of the disease’s aetiology. One of the early roles of natural progesterone in the first trimester of pregnancy is to promote formation of wide-calibre spiral vessels that invade into the myometrial layer of the gravid uterus. Theoretically, this will prevent or reduce the incidence of gestational hypertension in the latter half of the pregnancy.

Review:
The progestogen, dydrogesterone, has similar molecular structure and properties to natural progesterone. A pilot study was undertaken on primigravidae, who have higher risk of developing gestational hypertension. They were supplemented with dydrogesterone in the first trimester (Study Group) and compared with a similar number of primigravidae (Control Group) without supplementation with the progestogen. The incidence of gestational hypertension was significantly lower in the Study Group as compared to the Control Group (1.7% vs. 12.9%, respectively, p<0.001). The incidence of foetal distress was also significantly lower in the Study Group compared to the Control Group (4.3% vs. 18.1%, respectively, p<0.001).

Conclusion:
Supplementation of the progestogen, dydrogesterone, in the first trimester to primigravidae has shown great potential in reducing or preventing the incidence of gestational hypertension.
Diffusion Kinetics of Chromium in a Novel Super304H Stainless Steel
Authors: Ping Shao Bo , Xie Fei , Wang Rui Kun , Zheng Zhi Jun , Gao Yan 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Diffusion behavior and diffusion kinetics of chromium (Cr) from the pure chromium coating in the matrix of Super304H and TP304H steels were investigated in a temperature range of 600–900 ℃ by using energy-dispersive spectrum (EDS) quantitative line scanning and Fick’s second law of diffusion. Pure Cr coating was obtained by electroplating. Experimental results show that the diffusion depth and diffusivity of Cr increase gradually with the increase in temperature. The diffusion activation energy of Cr is found to be lower and the diffusion coefficient of Cr to be higher in the Super304H steel than those in the TP304H steel at the same temperature. Furthermore, the diffusion equation of Cr in the Super304H and TP304H steels is

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${D_{{\rm{Cr/Super304H}}}} \, {\rm{=\, 1}}{\rm{. 08 \times 1}}{{\rm{0}}^{{\rm{- 15}}}}{\rm{exp\ (- 6}}{\rm{. 08 \, \times \, 1}}{{\rm{0}}^{\rm{4}}}{\rm{/RT)}}$

and

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${D_{{\rm{Cr/TP304H}}}}{\rm{= 2}}{\rm{. 29 \times 1}}{{\rm{0}}^{{\rm{- 15}}}}{\rm{exp\ (- 7}}{\rm{. 44 \times 1}}{{\rm{0}}^{\rm{4}}}{\rm{/RT)}}$

, respectively.
Application of Multi-Objective Human Learning Optimization Method to Solve AC/DC Multi-Objective Optimal Power Flow Problem
Authors: Cao Jia , Yan Zheng , He Guangyu 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This paper introduces an efficient algorithm, multi-objective human learning optimization method (MOHLO), to solve AC/DC multi-objective optimal power flow problem (MOPF). Firstly, the model of AC/DC MOPF including wind farms is constructed, where includes three objective functions, operating cost, power loss, and pollutant emission. Combining the non-dominated sorting technique and the crowding distance index, the MOHLO method can be derived, which involves individual learning operator, social learning operator, random exploration learning operator and adaptive strategies. Both the proposed MOHLO method and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGAII) are tested on an improved IEEE 30-bus AC/DC hybrid system. Simulation results show that MOHLO method has excellent search efficiency and the powerful ability of searching optimal. Above all, MOHLO method can obtain more complete pareto front than that by NSGAII method. However, how to choose the optimal solution from pareto front depends mainly on the decision makers who stand from the economic point of view or from the energy saving and emission reduction point of view.
Design and Analysis of Grid Connected Photovoltaic Fed Unified Power Quality Conditioner
Authors: Dash Santanu Kumar , Ray Pravat Kumar 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This paper proposes the integration scheme and operation of the Unified Power Quality conditioner (UPQC) with Photovoltaic source as distributed generations for power quality improvement. Thus, it provides a novel PV-grid integration configuration and prevents any adverse situation related to current or voltage in power system. Voltage related issues are maintained by the series part of UPQC and the current related issues are handles by shunt part of the UPQC. The various operation modes of PV-UPQC schemes are broadly classified according to the direction of power flow, (i) Interconnected mode, (ii) Islanding mode. PV-UPQC has advantage over the conventional UPQC scheme as it has developed the capability to compensate the voltage interruption problems Control algorithms for shunt and series part of the UPQC is implemented. Development of the proposed configuration has been designed in the laboratory with control algorithm implemented in dSPACE and results are discussed.
Influence of Different Drying Methods on Drying Characteristics, Carotenoids, Chemical and Physical Properties of Gac Fruit Pulp (Momordica cochinchinensis L.)
Authors: Trirattanapikul Wittawat , Phoungchandang Singhanat 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis L.) pulp is high in carotenoids and fiber; however, it is discarded during process. Both maturity stages of matured gac fruit could be used in the drying experiments. Gac fruit pulp was dried by different drying methods including tray drying (40–60 °C), heat pump-assisted dehumidified drying (40–60 °C), microwave drying (450–900 W), mixed-mode solar drying and freeze drying. The Modified Henderson model presented the best fit of desorption isotherms. New model proposed was the best drying model. Quality evaluation by β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, total phenolics and antioxidant activity revealed that heat pump-assisted dehumidified drying at 60 °C provided the highest lutein, total phenolics and antioxidant activity and could reduce drying time by 25 % and increased lutein, total phenolics and antioxidant activity by 12.6 %, 32.0 % and 0.3 %, respectively and is more promising drying method for gac fruit pulp.
A double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled trial of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in the treatment of anxiety and depression
Authors: Mazidi Mohsen , Shemshian Maryam , Mousavi Seyed Hadi , Norouzy Abdolreza , Kermani Tayebe , Moghiman Toktam , Sadeghi Akram , Mokhber Naghme , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid , Ferns Gordon A. A. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

Background: Depression and anxiety are prevalent serious psychiatric disorders. Several drugs are used to treat these conditions but these are often associated with serious side effects. For this reason alternative therapies, including herbal medication such as saffron, have been proposed. We aimed to assess the effects of saffron extract for the treatment of anxiety and depression using a 12-week double-blind, placebo-controlled trial design.

Methods: Sixty adult patients with anxiety and depression were randomized to receive a 50 mg saffron capsule (Crocus sativus L. stigma) or a placebo capsule twice daily for 12 weeks. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) questionnaires were used at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks after initiating medication. 54 subjects completed the trial.

Results: Saffron supplements had a significant effect on the BDI and BAI scores of subjects in comparison to placebo at the 12 week time-point (p<0.001).

Conclusions: Saffron appears to have a significant impact in the treatment of anxiety and depression disorder. Side effects were rare.
Crystal structure of (2RS,3RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pentan-3-ol, C15H20ClN3O
Authors: Wan-Ming Xiong , Juan-Hua Kong , Jing Chen , Jin-Zhu Chen , Xu-Liang Nie 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
C15H20ClN3O, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 19.300(2) Å, b = 10.8262(11) Å, c = 15.4282(16) Å, β = 100.457(4)°, V = 3170.0(6) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt
(F) = 0.0409, wR
ref
(F
2) = 0.1150, T = 296(2) K.
Perception? Orthography? Phonology? Conflicting Forces Behind the Adaptation of English /ɪ/ in Loanwords into Polish
Authors: Szpyra-Kozłowska Jolanta 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis paper deals with a puzzling and theoretically interesting case of the adaptation of English /ɪ/ in loanwords into Polish in which the English sound is predominantly nativized as P /i/ in spite of the fact that the expected substitution pattern is E /ɪ/ → P /ɨ/ as the two vowels are phonetically similar. A detailed analysis of this phenomenon shows that the polonization of E /ɪ/ in anglicisms results from a complex interplay of several factors which include perception, orthography, the Polish phonological system, phonotactic constraints and phonological levelling. The collected data are then examined in the light of two major approaches to loanword adaptation, i.e. nativization-through-perception (e.g.
Respiratory health outcomes and air pollution in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a systematic review
Authors: Abdo Nour , Khader Yousef S. , Abdelrahman Mostafa , Graboski-Bauer Ashley , Malkawi Mazen , Al-Sharif Munjed , Elbetieha Ahmad M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractExposure to air pollution can cause detrimental health and be an economic burden. With newly developed equipment, monitoring of different air pollutants, identifying the sources, types of air pollutants and their corresponding concentrations, and applying mitigation intervention techniques became a crucial step in public health protection. Countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) are highly exposed to dust storms, have high levels of particulate matter (PM) concentrations, and have a unique climatic as well as topographic and socio-economic structure. This is the first study conducted to systemically and qualitatively assess the health impacts of air pollution in the EMR, identify susceptible populations, and ascertain research and knowledge gaps in the literature to better inform decisions by policy makers. We screened relevant papers and reports published between 2000 and 2014 in research databases. A total of 36 published studies met the inclusion criteria. A variety of indoor and outdoor exposures associated with various acute and chronic respiratory health outcomes were included. Respiratory health outcomes ranged in severity, from allergies and general respiratory complaints to lung cancer and mortality. Several adverse health outcomes were positively associated with various indoor/outdoor air pollutants throughout the EMR. However, epidemiological literature concerning the EMR is limited to a few studies in a few countries. More research is needed to elucidate the health outcomes of air pollution. Standardized reliable assessments on the national level for various air pollutants in different regions should be implemented and made publically available for researchers to utilize in their research. Moreover, advancing and utilizing more sound epidemiological designs and studies on the effect of air pollution on the respiratory health outcomes is needed to portray the actual situation in the region.
The research of soft matter properties by light scattering material adding drop additive
Authors: Huang Yao , Wu Daming , Ren Dongyun , Meng Qingyun , Xu Ben 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In the present work, we investigated the effects of the addition of α-hydroxylethyl ferrocene, polymerization initiator and pre-polymer on preparation temperature, microstructure and optical properties of PMMA/PS compound light scattering material. It was found that the haze of the compound material increases significantly from 64% to 84% after introducing styrene (St) pre-polymer. The addition of α-hydroxylethyl ferrocene also leads to several notable properties change of the composite materials including the in situ polymerization temperature decrease to 300 K. The optical property change after the addition of small amount of α-hydroxylethyl ferrocene and prepolymer (St) demonstrates the soft matter characteristic of PMMA.
Syntheses, crystal structures and thermal properties of two novel isostructural Co(III) complexes with salophen ligand
Authors: Smolko Lukáš , Tóthová Jana , Kuchár Juraj , Černák Juraj 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Two new isostructural octahedral complexes [CoX(H2O)(salophen)]·H2O·EtOH (X=Cl (1), Br (2); salophen=N,N′-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-diaminobenzene) have been prepared by reaction of CoX2 and H2
salophen in a mixture of ethanol and dichloromethane (1:1) and characterized by IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Crystal structures of both 1 and 2 are molecular and built up of [CoX(H2O)(salophen)] complex molecules and solvate water and ethanol molecules. The salophen ligand occupies the equatorial plane of the hexacoordinated Co(III) atom while halogenido and aqua ligands are placed in the axial positions. The crystal packings are formed by O–H···O hydrogen bonds and additional π–π stacking interactions. The results of thermogravimetric studies of 1 and 2 revealed that the loss of solvating molecules takes place first.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pyrimidines derived from 6-aryl-5-cyano-2-thiouracil
Authors: Mahran Asma Mohamed , Hassan Nasser Abdelhamid , Osman Dalia Ahmed A. , Ragab Sherif Shaban , Hassan Allam Abdelhamid 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Starting from 6-aryl-5-cyano-2-thiouracil derivative 1a–f, a series of novel thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidines 4a–f were synthesized. The mechanism and the regioselectivity of the studied reactions are discussed. In addition, a series of tetrahydro-4-H-pyrimido[2,1-b][1,3]thiazines 7a–e and 2-((ethoxymethyl)thio)-4-aryl-1,6-dihydropyrimidines 9b,c,e were synthesized. The anti-microbial activities of some of the prepared compounds were screened, and the results revealed that compounds 3c and 4c were more active than the standard (Ampicillin) against gram positive bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Moreover, compounds 4b,e and 3f were found to be good antifungal agents against the studied fungal strains.
Nuclear Envelope Retention of LINC Complexes Is Promoted by SUN-1 Oligomerization in the Caenorhabditis elegans Germ Line
Authors: Daryabeigi Anahita , Woglar Alexander , Baudrimont Antoine , Silva Nicola , Paouneskou Dimitra , Vesely Cornelia , Rauter Manuel , Penkner Alexandra , Jantsch Michael , Jantsch Verena 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
SUN (Sad1 and UNC-84) and KASH (Klarsicht, ANC-1, and Syne homology) proteins are constituents of the inner and outer nuclear membranes. They interact in the perinuclear space via C-terminal SUN-KASH domains to form the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex thereby bridging the nuclear envelope. LINC complexes mediate numerous biological processes by connecting chromatin with the cytoplasmic force-generating machinery. Here we show that the coiled-coil domains of SUN-1 are required for oligomerization and retention of the protein in the nuclear envelope, especially at later stages of female gametogenesis. Consistently, deletion of the coiled-coil domain makes SUN-1 sensitive to unilateral force exposure across the nuclear membrane. Premature loss of SUN-1 from the nuclear envelope leads to embryonic death due to loss of centrosome–nuclear envelope attachment. However, in contrast to previous notions we can show that the coiled-coil domain is dispensable for functional LINC complex formation, exemplified by successful chromosome sorting and synapsis in meiotic prophase I in its absence.
Effects of participatory ergonomic intervention on the development of upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders and disability in office employees using a computer
Authors: Baydur Hakan , Ergör Alp , Demiral Yücel , Akalın Elif 
Published: April 2016

ObjectiveTo evaluate the participatory ergonomic method on the development of upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders and disability in office employees.MethodsThis study is a randomized controlled intervention study. It comprised 116 office workers using computers. Those in the intervention group were taught office ergonomics and the risk assessment method. Cox proportional hazards model and generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used.ResultsIn the 10‐month postintervention follow‐up, the possibility of developing symptoms was 50.9%. According to multivariate analysis results, the possibility of developing symptoms on the right side of the neck and in the right wrist and hand was significantly less in the intervention group than in the control group (p<0.05). Neck disability/symptom scores over time were significantly lower in the intervention group compared with the control group (p<0.05).ConclusionThe participatory ergonomic intervention decreases the possibility of musculoskeletal complaints and disability/symptom level in office workers.