bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomics and quality of life of Irish patients undergoing cardiac surgery Cork, Ireland
Authors: Flynn Angela , Doherty Cathal , Byrne Margaret 
Published: August 2016

Aim: This article examines the social and demographic characteristics and quality of life (QoL) of a sample of patients undergoing cardiac surgery and rehabilitation in an Irish hospital. Background: Sociodemographic factors influence the risks of developing diseases as well as the outcomes of treatments. Risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been thoroughly researched and are clearly identifiable. Evidence also exists demonstrating that individuals from some sociodemographic groups have higher risks of developing CVD than others. Methods: A prospective study of 127 Irish preoperative cardiac surgical patients was carried out using a widely recognised quality of life self-report instrument (the SF-36) and a detailed demographics questionnaire. Results: QoL was found to relate to demographic variables including private health insurance cover. Conclusions: The results of this study provide a unique examination of the backgrounds of Irish cardiac patients allowing consideration of sociodemographic factors that warrant consideration when planning tailored, equally accessible health care intended to improve QoL.
Can handheld POC capillary lactate measurement be used with arterial and venous laboratory testing methods in the identification of sepsis?
Authors: Lightowler Bryan , Hoswell Anthony 
Published: August 2016

Background: The aim of this review was to examine whether the measurement of lactate in capillary blood samples using point-of-care handheld analysers corresponds sufficiently closely with arterial and venous whole-blood samples analysed by hospital central laboratory or blood gas analyser to be used interchangeably. Methods: A systematic search, informed by focused inclusion/exclusion criteria, was performed using multiple databases up to October 2015. A total of 65 articles were considered to have potential relevance and were evaluated in full text, of which ultimately five articles met all inclusion/exclusion criteria, and a final four were selected after data extraction and quality appraisal. Results and Conclusion: All four studies found a predominantly upward bias in the measurement of lactate in capillary samples tested using a handheld point-of-care device over arterial or venous samples tested by laboratory methods or blood gas analyser. In terms of correlation, there was consensus between the studies that the strength of association between the two methods of measurement was statistically significant. Three studies directly examined the extent of agreement between point-of-care capillary lactate measurements and those of laboratory or blood gas analyser reference determined to ±2 standard deviations; 95% confidence intervals, and report contextually broad limits of agreement, identifying a potential for both over triage and, to a lesser extent, under triage. The findings of the review do not support interchangeable use of handheld fingertip point-of-care lactate measurement with laboratory or blood gas analyser methods in the identification of sepsis.
Teachers’ metaphorical images on “counting jingle – it – playground” in children’s plays of Turkish culture<p>Türk kültüründeki çocuk oyunlarında “saymaca-ebe-oyun alanı” üzerine öğretmen metaforları
Authors: Kabadayı Abdülkadir 
Published: August 2016

It is a fact that play, indispensible part of child in Turkish cultural and educational system, is the most effective tool to develop children’s emotional, mental, moral, social, personality and native language. In recent years, it has been seen that there is a considerable increase in the researches involving the functions of the children’s plays in respect of metaphor, as in the other parts of the plays. In this respect, play gains importance as the most effective educational tools as an educational campus for children, their peers as their teachers, natural materials like stone, sand, water and tree they use. In this study, “'Choosing rhyme -It-Playground” elements comprising traditional children’s games are handled based on pre-service teachers’ metaphorical images. In the qualitative research, content analysis of 23 metaphors the pre-service teachers produced in the “'Choosing rhyme-It-Playground” context is done and explained. The participants put forward how they perceived Choosing rhyme, It and Playground separately via 72 sub-theme by generating human metaphors like “Voting-Deputy-Voting box”, animal metaphors like “Fishing rod-Fish-Sea” and object metaphors like “Probing-Sample-Cereal Sack” As a last remark, some recommendations are made to the parents and teachers to maintain this traditional culture inherited from our ancestors. ÖzetTürk kültüründe ve eğitim sisteminde, çocuğun ayrılmaz bir parçası olan oyunun, çocuğun duygusal, zihinsel, ahlaki, sosyal, kişilik ve ana dil bakımından gelişiminin en etkili aracı olduğu bilinen bir gerçektir. Son yıllarda, oyunun diğer alanlarında olduğu gibi, çocuk oyunlarının fonksiyonlarını, metaforik açıdan ele alan araştırmaların sayısında gözle görülür bir artma eğiliminde olduğu görülmektedir. Bu anlamda oyun, çocuk için bir eğitim merkezi, akranları birer öğretmen, oyun içinde kullandıkları, taş, toprak, su ve ağaç gibi doğal malzemeleri de en etkili eğitim araçları olarak önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, geleneksel çocuk oyunlarını meydana getiren “Saymaca-Ebe-Oyun alanı” unsurları öğretmen adaylarının metaforik algıları üzerine ele alınmıştır. Bu nitel çalışmada öğretmen adaylarının “Saymaca-Ebe-Oyun alanı” bağlamında ürettiği 23 metaforun içerik analizi yapılarak açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Katılımcılar, “Saymaca-Ebe-Oyun Alanı” bağlamını, “Seçim-Milletvekili-Sandık” gibi insan metaforları; “Olta-Balık-Deniz” gibi hayvan metaforlarını ve “Sonda-Numune-Hububat Çuvalı” gibi nesne metaforlarını kullanarak 72 alt tema oluşturmuşlar ve Saymaca, Ebe ve Oyun alanını kültürel olarak nasıl algıladıklarını ortaya koymuşlardır. Sonuç olarak, Atalarımızdan bizlere miras kalan bu geleneksel kültürün sürdürülmesi için öğretmen ve ebeveynlere bazı tavsiyelerde bulunulmuştur.
Limited value for urinary 5-HIAA excretion as prognostic marker in gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumours
Authors: Zandee Wouter T , Kamp Kimberly , van Adrichem Roxanne C S , Feelders Richard A , de Herder Wouter W 
Published: August 2016

Objective
To determine if urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) excretion is of prognostic value for overall survival (OS) in patients with a gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumour (NET) and to compare the prognostic value with patient characteristics, ENETS/WHO grading, ENETS TNM staging and biomarkers.

Design and methods
Data was collected from patients with a gastrointestinal NET or a NET with gastrointestinal metastases and available 5-HIAA excretion in 24-h urine samples. Laboratory results were stratified for urinary 5-HIAA and chromogranin A (CgA): <2× upper limit of normal (ULN), 2–10× ULN, or >10× ULN. For neuron-specific enolase (NSE), this was the reference range or >1× ULN. OS was compared using Kaplan−Meier and log-rank tests, and hazard ratios were calculated using Cox regression for univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results
A total of 371 patients were included, 46.6% female with a mean age of 59.9 years. OS was shortest in patients with urinary 5-HIAA excretion >10× ULN vs reference range (median 83 months vs 141 months, P = 0.002). In univariate analysis, urinary 5-HIAA excretion >10× ULN was a negative predictor (HR 1.62, 95% CI: 1.09–2.39). However, in multivariate analysis, only age (HR 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01–1.08), grade 3 disease (HR 5.09, 95% CI: 2.20–11.79), NSE >1× ULN (HR 2.36, 95% CI: 1.34–4.14) and CgA >10× ULN (HR 3.61, 95% CI: 1.56–8.34) remained as the predictors.

Conclusion
Urinary 5-HIAA excretion >10× ULN is a negative predictor for OS. However, when added to other biomarkers and grading, it is no longer a predictor for OS. Therefore, it should only be determined to assess carcinoid syndrome and not for prognostic value.
Biomarkers of subclinical inflammation and increases in glycaemia, insulin resistance and beta-cell function in non-diabetic individuals: the Whitehall II study
Authors: Herder Christian , Færch Kristine , Carstensen-Kirberg Maren , Lowe Gordon D , Haapakoski Rita , Witte Daniel R , Brunner Eric J , Roden Michael , Tabák Adam G , Kivimäki Mika , Vistisen Dorte 
Published: August 2016

Objective
Higher systemic levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers and low adiponectin are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes, but their associations with changes in glycaemic deterioration before onset of diabetes are poorly understood. We aimed to study whether inflammation-related biomarkers are associated with 5-year changes in glucose and insulin, HbA1c, insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function before the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and whether these associations may be bidirectional.

Design and methods
We used multiple repeat measures (17 891 person-examinations from 7683 non-diabetic participants) from the Whitehall II study to assess whether circulating high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL6), IL1 receptor antagonist (IL1Ra) and adiponectin are associated with subsequent changes in glycaemia, insulin, insulin resistance and beta-cell function (based on oral glucose tolerance tests). We examined bidirectionality by testing if parameters of glucose metabolism at baseline are associated with changes in inflammation-related biomarkers.

Results
Higher hsCRP and IL6 were associated with increases in fasting insulin, insulin resistance and, for IL6, with beta-cell function after adjustment for confounders. Higher adiponectin was associated with decreases in fasting glucose, HbA1c, fasting insulin, insulin resistance and beta-cell function. The reverse approach showed that 2-h glucose and insulin sensitivity were associated with changes in IL1Ra. Fasting insulin and insulin resistance showed inverse associations with changes in adiponectin.

Conclusions
Subclinical inflammation is associated with development of increased glycaemia, insulin resistance and beta-cell function in non-diabetic individuals. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that inflammation-related processes may increase insulin resistance and lead to a compensatory upregulation of beta-cell function.
Antiulcer Activity after Oral Administration of the Wormwood Ethanol Extract on Lesions due to <I>Leishmania major</I> Parasites in BALB/C Mice
Authors: Azizi Kourosh , Shahidi-Hakak Fatemeh , Moemenbellah-Fard Mohammad Djaefar , Asgari Qasem , Mohammadi-Samani Soliman 
Published: August 2016

Herbal extracts were used to investigate the in vivo efficacy of <em>Artemisia absinthium</em> on the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in susceptible mice. A total of 40 BALB/c mice were subjected to assays. In each, 3-5×10<sup>3</sup> amastigotes of standard <em>Leishmania major</em> strain were inoculated subcutaneously into the tail base of mice. Groups of mice were assigned as: I-negative control, II-positive control, III-Glucantime®, IV-ointment twice a day, V-ointment with oral medicine, VI-oral medicine on parasite injection, VII-oral medicine once ulcer develops, and VIII-ointment-based crème on ulcer. The gold standard of clinical infection control was based on ulcer size measurement using a Vernier scale weekly during 4 weeks Post-Ulcer Development (PUD). The mean ulcer sizes in different groups were compared using the post hoc Dunnett's 3 statistical analyses. There was a significant difference between the two groups of ointment with medicine (V) and medicine on parasite inoculation (VI) (P ≤ 0.027). Antiulcer activity and healing was noted after oral treatment with aqueous extract on parasite injection. There was a significant difference between data from positive control group and local ointment with oral medicine (P ≤ 0.045) indicating that ointment use facilitated ulcer growth. There was also a significant difference between data from Glucantime® use and ointment with medicine group (P ≤ 0.039) which showed the deteriorating effect of oil-based ointment use. The oral administration of extract had an effect similar to Glucantime® use and led to the repair of ulcer. <em>A. absinthium</em> extract as oral feeder appeared to cause modulation of host responses, ulcer size reduction and tissue repair.<p> </p>
O SERINGAL PORONGABA: MEMÓRIAS DE UM PASSADO CONSTRUÍDO
Authors: Narahara Karine 
Published: August 2016

Este artigo enfoca elementos da história de um seringal localizado na beira do rio Iaco, leste do estado do Acre, a partir da narrativa de seus moradores. Trata-se de um passado construído que aponta para a perda da centralidade do cortar seringa no cotidiano das colocações, com a saída de cena dos patrões de antigamente e a desestruturação dos seringais empresa.Neste contexto, muitos grupos domésticos abandonaram o seringal, transferindo-se para a rua (áreas urbanas) ou para outras áreas rurais. Entretanto, muitos outros seguiram vivendo lá, indicando que outros fatores, além do econômico, foram levados em consideração.Palavras-chave: Reserva extrativista, seringal, seringueiros, castanha doBrasil, Amazônia, Acre, rio Iaco.
HERMENÊUTICA E EXPERIÊNCIA ESTÁTICA EM CORPO DE BAILE
Authors: HOLANDA Silvio Augusto de Oliveira 
Published: August 2016

Este artigo visa a discutir a recepção crítica de Corpo de Baile, de Guimarães Rosa, à luz do conceito de experiência estética formulado por Jauss (1979). Com base na hermenêutica literária proposta pelo pensador alemão, pode- se interpretar Corpo de Baile como a exaltação à literatura e ao corpo da linguagem. É possível pensar o ciclo narrativo como ciclo poético, elaboração formal e critica fundidos em um único objeto estético, e, ao mesmo tempo, refletir sobre a dimensão estética do homem. Buscar a hermenêutica para compreender a obra literária conduz-nos a perceber distinções fundamentais, tais como entre livro e mundo, objeto interpretado e sujeito interpretante. Assim, para uma compreensão de Corpo de Baile, é preciso minimizar as manifestações implícitas de Guimarães Rosa, a fim de superar uma estética centrada no autor. Pensando a experiência estética em Corpo de Baile– projeto literário múltiplo, cuja configuração temática e formal ainda se discute- com fundamentação na tríade aishesis, poesis e katharsis, não se visa somente examinar a recepção crítica de Guimarães Rosa, mas, sobretudo, se coloca a questão da dimensão estética. PALAVRAS- CHAVE: Guimarães Rosa, Corpo de Baile, Recepção crítica, Hermenêutica.
Vowel Harmony in Kui
Authors: Penthoi Govinda Chandra 
Published: August 2016

<div><p><em>Kui (ISO639-3 Code ‘Kxu’) is a language spoken by Kondh or Kondha (/Kɔndhɔ/) tribe. Majority of the Kui-speaking Kondhs live in the hilly and forested areas of South and central Odisha especially in the undivided districts of Kondhamal, Koraput and Kalahandi. The other language spoken by Kondhs is Kuvi which is very similar to Kui. Kondh people being an underdeveloped tribal people, study of their language, society and culture draws a lot of attention of academics, administration and other philanthropic agencies. </em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>The objective of this study is to present the vowel sound </em><em>harmony </em><em>and phonology of Kui language. The approach is data oriented and uses in general. The structuralist methodology has been followed for the analysis of the data in the present work. Data was collected from the native speakers through field visit to various Kui speaking areas.</em></p></div>
Improving Propped SRV in the Long Ma Xi Shale: New Concept Trials and its Performance
Authors: Ji Peng , Qu Qingguang , Vitthal Sanjay , Pickles Mike 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
After dozens of exploration and appraisal wells were drilled, fractured and tested in the Lower Silurian Long Ma Xi (hereafter referred to as LMX) shale formation in Sichuan basin since 2009, several blocks have now entered into the development phase. Hydraulic fracturing stimulation is vital to the performance of shale gas wells as well as the economics since it represents about half of the total well cost. Aiming at increasing production, most operators focus on enlarging Stimulated Rock Volume (SRV), a common means for which is to increase the injected fluid volume. Whilst injecting more fluid will lead to an enhanced SRV during the fracture stimulation process, how much of it is effective SRV under closure stress is often unknown and tends to be field specific. It is possible that a large portion of the injected fluid and consumed energy is actually ineffective in terms of adding more production rate.
Based on some early production data of wells in Fushun-Yongchuan (herein after refer to as Fushun) block and its sensitivity analysis to completion parameters, it is found that the amount of injected fluid volume does not obviously impact the performance. Instead, proppant intensity; the volume of 100 mesh natural sand carried by slick water; and proppant pack continuity are all more important variables. These variables are not generally the focus of most operators in the area. A concept for improving the effective or propped SRV is developed as a result, with key points summarized as below:
Significantly reduced frac fluid volume compared to original base design; Enhanced proppant intensity; Significantly increased 100 mesh sand volume; Continuously adding proppant to achieve best proppant pack continuity at fracture face; Tailored frac fluid design to meet the proppant transportation needs meanwhile minimize the residue damage
The above concept has been put into field trials in Fushun area. Field execution went well and demonstrated higher efficiency in terms of operation time, however did require a higher level of onsite QAQC and real-time engineering control. Early production data has been gathered and analyzed to assess the performance impact of this approach, indicating that a consistent performance improvement has been observed. This new shale gas frac concept is practical and beneficial on both operational efficiency and well stimulation performance.
A Survey of the Job Profiles of Biomedical Informatics Graduates
Authors: Ruiz Evandro , Baranauskas José , Macedo Alessandra 
Published: August 2016

SummaryBackground: In 2003, the University of São Paulo established the first Biomedical Infor -matics (BMI) undergraduate course in Brazil. Our mission is to provide undergraduate students with formal education on the fundamentals of BMI and its applied methods. This undergraduate course offers theoretical aspects, practical knowledge and scientifically oriented skills in the area of BMI, enabling students to contribute to research and methodical development in BMI. Course coordinators, professors and students frequently evaluate the BMI course and the curriculum to ensure that alumni receive quality higher education. Objectives: This study investigates (i) the main job activities undertake by USP BMI graduates, (ii) subjects that are fundamental important for graduates to pursue a career in BMI, and (iii) the course quality perceived by the alumni. Methods: Use of a structured questionnaire to conduct a survey involving all the BMI graduates who received their Bachelor degree before July, 2015 (attempted n = 205). Results: One hundred and forty-five gradu -ates (71 %) answered the questionnaire. Nine out of ten of our former students currently work as informaticians. Seventy-six gradu -ates (52 %) work within the biomedical informatics field. Fifty-five graduates (38 %) work outside the biomedical informatics field, but they work in other IT areas. Ten graduates (7 %) do not work with BMI or any other informatics activities, and four (3 %) are presently unemployed. Among the 145 surveyed BMI graduates, 46 (32 %) and seven (5 %) hold a Master‘s degree and a PhD degree, respectively. Database Systems, Software Engineering, Introduction to Computer Science, Object-Oriented Programming, and Data Structures are regarded as the most important subjects during the higher education course. The majority of the graduates (105 or 72 %) are satisfied with the BMI education and training they received during the undergraduate course. Conclusions: More than half of the gradu -ates from our BMI course work in their primary education area. Besides technical adequacy, the diverse job profiles, and the high level of satisfaction of our graduates indicate the importance of undergraduate courses specialized in the BMI domain are of utmost importance.
A 78 DAY X-RAY PERIOD DETECTED FROM NGC 5907 ULX1 BY SWIFT
Authors: Walton D. J. , Fürst F. , Bachetti M. , Barret D. , Brightman M. , Fabian A. C. , Gehrels N. , Harrison F. A. , Heida M. , Middleton M. J. , Rana V. , Roberts T. P. , Stern D. , Tao L. , Webb N. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We report the detection of a 78.1 ± 0.5 day period in the X-ray light curve of the extreme ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 5907 ULX1 (

L

X,peak

∼
5
×

10

40

erg s−1), discovered during an extensive monitoring program with Swift. These periodic variations are strong, with the observed flux changing by a factor of ∼3–4 between the peaks and the troughs of the cycle; our simulations suggest that the observed periodicity is detected comfortably in excess of 3σ significance. We discuss possible origins for this X-ray period, but conclude that at the current time we cannot robustly distinguish between orbital and super-orbital variations.
Démographie, économie, culture
Authors: Le Bras Hervé 
Published: August 2016

Les rapports de la démographie et de l'économie ont été complexes dès l'apparition de l'étude des populations. William Petty au xvii e siècle et Thomas Malthus au xviii e siècle, qui étaient économistes, posent les fondations de la démographie. Mais dans le courant du xix e siècle, l'intérêt pour l'étude scientifique des populations glisse vers la biologie, à la suite du succès de la théorie de l'évolution. C'est dans ce cadre qu'apparaissent les théories eugéniques qui seront dominantes jusqu'à la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Cependant, dès les années 1920, un rapprochement s'opère entre la démographie et l'anthropologie culturelle qui prend une grande ampleur après 1945. Par une sorte de retour aux sources, depuis les années 1950, les préoccupations économiques connaissent un retour d'intérêt avec les travaux d'Alfred Sauvy et Jean Fourastié, et aux États-Unis de Gary Becker. Aujourd'hui, les études démographiques s'appuient surtout sur l'anthropologie culturelle et l'économie, comme on le montre avec trois études de cas pour terminer. Classification JEL : B10, B12, B13.
Le patrimoine des personnes migrantes
Authors: Boubtane Ekrame 
Published: August 2016

Cet article examine les différences de taux de détention de patrimoine entre les ménages immigrés et les ménages autochtones à partir des données de l'enquête patrimoine 2009-2010 de l'Insee. Les caractéristiques sociodémographiques et économiques des ménages immigrés expliquent une part très importante des écarts observés. Lorsque l'effet de ces caractéristiques est pris en compte, il apparaît que les ménages immigrés ont une probabilité comparable à celle des natifs de détenir du patrimoine, sauf en ce qui concerne les livrets d'épargne. Les facteurs spécifiques de la population immigrée, tels que le pays d'origine, le statut légal et la durée de résidence ont un effet significatif sur le patrimoine et contribuent à expliquer les écarts observés. Classification JEL : D31, F22, J15, R21, R23.