bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐Objective Optimization and Experimental Research of Ship Form Based on Improved Bare‐Bones Multi‐Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Liu Jie , Zhang Baoji , Lai Yuyang , Fang Liqiao 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTShip form optimization poses a complex and high‐dimensional engineering challenge. Therefore, when conducting multi‐objective optimization research of ship forms, traditional intelligent optimization algorithms are prone to falling into local optima solution and difficult to converge. In order to effectively improve the diversity and convergence performance of the algorithm, this paper improves the bare‐bones multi‐objective particle swarm optimization (BBMOPSO) algorithm by dynamically adjusting the local and global search step sizes, and verifies the algorithm's reliability through standard function testing. Then, a multi‐objective optimization design framework with high efficiency and high integration is constructed. Taking DTMB 5512 as the research case, Free Form Deformation (FFD) method is used for hull deformation, and the proposed algorithm is used for multi‐objective optimization of resistance performance and motion response. Ship model tests were conducted on the DTMB 5512's original hull. And the numerical simulations were compared with the ship model tests. Finally, under the constructed multi‐objective optimization design framework, satisfactory solutions were obtained through the improved algorithm, which confirms the effectiveness and practicality of the improved algorithm. The results show that the algorithm improved in this paper can provide some theoretical basis and technical support for green ship design and low‐carbon shipping.
Exploring the integration of InSAR data into climate‐driven creep models to assess slow‐moving landslide dynamics
Authors: Marte Roman , Keuschnig Markus , Neureiter Patrik , Ramoser Hannes , Valentin Gerald 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe deformation behavior of slow‐moving large landslides is often governed by rainfall characteristics. Based on observational data such as precipitation, deformation measurement, and pore water pressure measurements in the slip zone, in many cases a strong correlation between strong rainfall events, a time‐delayed increase of pore water pressures in the slip zone, and, simultaneously to this, an increase of the deformation rate of the landslide can be found. Based on such detailed data, calculation models, which couples the relation between rainfall characteristics and the development of pore water pressures in the slip zone on one hand and the deformation behavior of the slope on the other, can be developed and be used for a better understanding and a prediction of deformation behavior of such slow‐moving landslides. Climate change issues will lead to a change in rainfall frequency and magnitude and annual temperature distribution characteristics in several regions worldwide, which will also lead to changes in the deformation behavior of such large landslides. In this contribution, satellite‐based interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data are discussed to be used as source for deformation measurements as bases for prediction models describing the rainfall‐triggered deformation behavior of slow‐moving landslides.
Examining the link between gut microbiota and periodontitis in East Asians using Mendelian randomization
Authors: Xia Yu , Wu Yadong , Yin Xinhai , Song Jukun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study explores the possible connection between periodontitis and gut microbiota in East Asians, a relationship that has been largely unexplored until now.MethodsUsing publicly available genome‐wide association study (GWAS) data, we performed Mendelian randomization (MR). We analyzed GWAS summary statistics to assess if gut microbiota could causally influence periodontitis risk. We applied methods such as MR‐Egger, weighted median, inverse variance weighting, and simple MR, and conducted sensitivity analyses to confirm our findings.ResultsUtilizing the Inverse‐Variance Weighted approach, we identified potential causal relationships between 17 host‐genetically influenced gut microbiota characteristics and periodontitis, including Granulicatella adiacens, Bilophila wadsworthia, and Thermosinus. Specifically, G. adiacens was linked to an increased risk of periodontitis (odds ratios [OR] 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02−1.15, p = 0.0004), while B. wadsworthia was linked to a decreased likelihood of tooth loss (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96−0.99, p = 0.0005). No evidence of pleiotropy or heterogeneity was observed across sensitivity analyses.ConclusionThis study reveals a causal relationship between specific microorganisms and periodontitis in the Asian population, shedding light on the influence of gut microbiota on periodontitis.
Association between depression and adherence to upper limb exercises among community‐dwelling stroke survivors: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Gnanaprakasam Alexander , Solomon John M. , Roy Ajit Kumar , Deshmukh Anagha Srikant , Karthikbabu Suruliraj 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsUpper limb recovery after stroke tends to be slower and incomplete. Participation in motor rehabilitation and exercise adherence are crucial to improve motor recovery. However, post‐stroke depression (PSD) could impede active participation in exercises. Therefore, this study investigates the association between depression and exercise adherence among community‐dwelling stroke survivors.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted among 215 stroke survivors undergoing motor rehabilitation between February 2021 and January 2023. Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9) and Stroke‐Specific Measure of Adherence to Home‐based Exercises (SS‐MAHE) were measured to assess depression symptoms and exercise adherence, respectively. Fugl‐Meyer Assessment‐Upper Extremity (FMA‐UE) was administered to identify the influence of impairment on these factors. Chi‐square and multinomial and binary logistic regression analyses were applied to determine the relationships between these measurements.ResultsUsing the Chi‐square test, the PHQ‐9 was significantly associated with SS‐MAHE (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that patients with moderate depression had lower odds of exercise adherence (OR:0.69, 95%CI:0.56, 0.85, p < 0.01) compared to those with no depression. Type of exercises such as movement‐based (OR:2.00, 95%CI:1.80, 2.24, p < 0.001) and task‐based exercises (OR:1.80, 95%CI:1.53, 2.13, p < 0.001), had higher adherence odds compared to those not exercising. Severe impairment (FMA‐UE) was significantly associated with lower exercise adherence (OR:0.71, 95%CI:0.54, 0.94, p < 0.05) and an increased risk of minimal depression (RR:11.09, 95%CI:1.17, 105.04, p < 0.05) compared to mild impairment.ConclusionsPSD significantly impacts exercise adherence, with moderate depression notably reducing adherence rates. Incorporating mental health support into stroke rehabilitation could improve exercise adherence and potentially enhance upper limb motor recovery outcomes.
High‐performance triboelectric nanogenerator based on a double‐spiral zigzag‐origami structure for continuous sensing and signal transmission in marine environment
Authors: Jiang Yang , Chen Pengfei , Han Jiajia , Liang Xi , Ming Yutong , Liu Shijie , Jiang Tao , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWith the rapid evolution of emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, big data, robotics, and novel materials, the landscape of global ocean science and technology is undergoing significant transformation. Ocean wave energy stands out as one of the most promising clean and renewable energy sources. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) represent a cutting‐edge technology for harnessing such random and ultra‐low frequency energy toward blue energy. A high‐performance TENG incorporating a double‐spiral zigzag‐origami structure is engineered to achieve continuous sensing and signal transmission in marine environment. Integrating the double‐spiral origami into the TENG system enables efficient energy harvesting from the ocean waves by converting low‐frequency wave vibrations into high‐frequency motions. Under the water wave triggering of 0.8 Hz, the TENG generates a maximum peak power density of 55.4 W m−3, and a TENG array with six units can generate an output current of 375.2 μA (density of 468.8 mA m−3). This power‐managed TENG array effectively powers a wireless water quality detector and transmits signals without an external power supply. The findings contribute to the development of sustainable and renewable energy technologies for oceanic applications and open new pathways for designing advanced materials and structures in the field of energy harvesting.
A longitudinal study of adolescent pathways differentiating suicide ideation and attempt in early adulthood
Authors: Morneau‐Vaillancourt Geneviève , Orri Massimiliano , Ouellet‐Morin Isabelle , Geoffroy Marie‐Claude , Boivin Michel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveSuicide ideation and attempt are leading risk factors for mortality in young adults. However, the adolescent risk factors distinguishing suicide ideation from attempt in young adults remain unclear. The present study aimed to examine the extent to which within‐person stability and change in depressive symptoms, school difficulties, and peer victimization from ages 12 to 17 were differentially associated with later suicide ideation and attempt from ages 20 to 23.MethodThe study included 1647 participants from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (QLSCD; 52% female). Participants reported on their depressive symptoms, school difficulties, and peer victimization at ages 12, 13, 15, and 17, and on suicide ideation and attempt at ages 20 and 23. Data were collected in the Province of Quebec, Canada, between 2010 and 2021.ResultsResults indicated that 11% (N = 121) and 8% (N = 86) reported suicide ideation and attempt, respectively, between ages 20 and 23. A random‐intercept cross‐lagged panel model showed that within‐person increases in depressive symptoms during adolescence were related to both suicide ideation and attempt, whereas within‐person increases in school difficulties and peer victimization were for the most part related to suicide attempt only. Within‐person stability in depressive symptoms from ages 12 to 17 years were also related to suicide attempt, and not ideation. However, this association was only marginally significant.ConclusionFindings suggest that experiencing unusual rises in school difficulties and peer victimization during adolescence, as well as depressive symptoms persisting over time, may distinguish young adults who think about suicide from those who attempt suicide.
Prospective associations between heterogeneous sleep profiles and depressive symptoms in adolescents: The mediating role of coping styles
Authors: Xie Zhaoyang , Bi Kaiwen , Feng Ningning , Ji Xiaoqing , Liu Yifan , Lam Hodar , Yu Hanlu , Cui Lijuan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionExtant literature has linked sleep disturbance to depressive symptoms. However, the coexistence of naturally occurring sleep profiles among adolescents and the prospective associations between sleep profiles and depressive symptoms remain poorly understood. This study aims to uncover sleep patterns in Chinese adolescents based on a comprehensive set of sleep features (e.g., latency, daytime dysfunction, etc.) derived from the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and investigate the relationship between these profiles and subsequent depressive symptoms mediated by positive and negative coping styles.MethodsFive thousand five hundred five adolescents from Shandong province, China, enrolled (Mage = 16.83 years; 49.9% girls) in a two‐wave longitudinal study (T1 in August 2023; T2 in February 2024). Latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted to identify adolescent sleep patterns. Mediation and sensitivity analyses were used to examine prospective associations between sleep patterns, coping styles, and depressive symptoms.ResultsFour qualitatively distinct sleep profiles emerged: Healthy Sleepers (18.9%), Latency but Functioning Sleepers (13.6%), Efficient but Dysfunctional Sleepers (57.5%), and Medicated Maladaptive Sleepers (10.0%). Using the Healthy Sleepers as a reference group, Latency but Functional Sleepers, Efficient but Dysfunctional Sleepers, and Medicated Maladaptive Sleepers all predicted subsequent depressive symptoms through positive coping styles rather than negative coping styles. The relative indirect effects were 0.19, 0.19, and 0.32, respectively.ConclusionsThe study underscored that adolescents exhibit distinct sleep patterns, and specific sleep profiles may be prospectively associated with depressive symptoms mediated by positive coping styles.
Serum Lipid Profile and Electrolytes Reference Intervals for Apparently Healthy Children and Adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Ousman , Kassaw Melkitu , Befekadu Endalkachew , G/Egzeabher Letebrhan , Tolcha Yosef , Challa Feyissa , Kebede Adisu , Ashebir Genet , Meles Mehari , Hassen Fatuma , Zerfu Biruk , Abera Dessie , Belay Abiy , Aboneh Fikirte , Hailu Daniel , Abebe Workabeba , Desta Kassu , Wolde Mistire , Tsegaye Aster 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAccurate reference intervals generated from an apparently healthy population and stratified by crucial variables such as age and gender are required to guarantee appropriate interpretation of test results. Since there were no local reference intervals in the study area, the present study aimed to establish reference intervals on serum lipid profiles and electrolytes for children and adolescents in Addis Ababa.MethodsThis community‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted from April to October 2019. Laboratory analysis was performed using the automatic biochemical analyzer Cobas 6000 (c501) from Roche. According to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, reference intervals for lipid profile and electrolyte tests for apparently healthy children and adolescents were established. We used a non‐parametric method to calculate the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles with a 90% confidence interval.ResultsIn children, the reference intervals for serum potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium, magnesium, and phosphate in mmol/L were 4.37–5.20, 137–145.50, 101.90–107.90, 2.34–2.70, 0.74–0.97, and 1.42–1.85, respectively; and for total cholesterol, triglycerides, low‐density lipoprotein, and high‐density lipoprotein, the respective values were 100.76–171.70, 44.16–126.36, 60.60–105.60, and 31.60–53.70 in mg/dL, for both genders. For adolescents, the reference intervals were 4.03–5.58, 137–146, 98.90–120.90, 2.39–2.70, 0.73–0.96, and 0.96–1.80 for serum potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium, magnesium, and phosphate in mmol/L, respectively; and 97.20–189.10, 40.50–143.60, 41.70–120.90, and 21.30–57.0 in mg/dL for total cholesterol, triglycerides, low‐density lipoprotein, and high‐density lipoprotein, respectively, for both genders.ConclusionThe established reference intervals in the current study revealed that both the lower and upper limits contradicted the manufacturer values as well as the available literature. The study also discovered significant gender differences in reference values for TC, TG, LDL‐C, potassium, phosphate, and chloride in the adolescent age groups.
Dynamic Ultrasound Assessment for Diagnosis of Pseudo‐Patellar Clunk Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Carlson Steven R. , Klein Gregg R. , Cherian Chris 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPatellar clunk syndrome (PCS) is a complication of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) leading to audible and palpable clunking of the patellofemoral joint as the knee is extended out of deep flexion. While historically a clinical diagnosis, some cases require further workup and imaging. Here, we demonstrated the utility of dynamic ultrasound assessment for a patient with clunking after TKA and identified a variant of PCS that is not well described in the literature. Therefore, this case provides considerations for the workup of post‐TKA knee clunking while illustrating unique findings that may contribute to a more challenging diagnosis.
Prognostic significance of plasma cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA load in immunocompetent patients with CMV pneumonia: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Aydın Güçlü Özge , Demirdöğen Ezgi , Kazak Esra , Acet Öztürk Nilüfer Aylin , Yıldız Merve Nur , Terzi Orkun Eray , Görek Dilektaşlı Aslı , Ursavaş Ahmet 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia, often presented as pneumonitis, is characterized by respiratory failure and large interstitial infiltrates visible on chest radiographs. This retrospective cohort study investigates the predictive significance of plasma CMV DNA load on the short‐ and long‐term mortality among immunocompetent patients diagnosed with CMV pneumonia. The study included 61 immunocompetent patients suspected of having CMV pneumonia, treated with intravenous ganciclovir after positive CMV DNA results from bronchoalveolar lavage or plasma. Our multivariate Cox regression analysis identified several independent predictors of mortality. Having idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) significantly increased the risk of in‐hospital mortality (HR: 7.27, 95% CI: 1.62–32.52, p = 0.009), as did shorter durations of antiviral therapy (HR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.84–0.97, p = 0.005) and higher CMV DNA levels (>3870 IU/mL; HR: 9.63, 95% CI: 2.32–39.98, p = 0.002). High CMV DNA levels (>5154 IU/mL) were also predictors of 30‐day mortality (HR: 9.39, 95% CI: 2.20–40.01, p = 0.002). For 1‐year mortality, the presence of IPF (HR: 2.96, 95% CI: 1.08–8.06, p = 0.034), hypersensitivity pneumonia (HP) (HR: 4.30, 95% CI: 1.57–11.78, p = 0.005), shorter duration of total antiviral therapy (HR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93–0.99, p = 0.010), and higher CMV DNA levels (>327 IU/mL) (HR: 3.36, 95% CI: 1.33–8.47, p = 0.010) were identified as independent determinants. The study reveals that IPF increases short and long‐term mortality risks, while HP increases long‐term mortality. Extended antiviral treatment duration results in a 10% reduction in in‐hospital mortality for each additional day of treatment. Furthermore, elevated viral loads are associated with higher mortality rates, highlighting the necessity for careful monitoring.
A novel variant BCL11B mutation in a pediatric patient with difficult‐to‐treat eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: Day Nikita Lalchandani , Carlson Lauren P. , Buendia Matthew A. , Hiremath Girish 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an immunoinflammatory disease of the esophagus attributable to a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. While several genetic risk variants have been linked with EoE, we report a novel association between B‐cell lymphoma/leukemia 11B genetic mutation in a child with dysmorphic facies, developmental delays, atopic comorbidities, and difficult‐to‐treat EoE. After a prolonged course of EoE and multiple esophagogastroduodenoscopies with biopsies, this patient achieved clinical and histologic remission on a combination of swallowed topical steroids and high‐dose proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. However, her EoE relapsed when we attempted to wean her off PPI, and it was finally controlled after adding PPI back to her regimen. This report underscores the importance of genetic testing in patients with unusual clinical features and difficult‐to‐treat EoE. Relevant to real‐world clinical practice, this case also raises the question of the treatment goals in children with EoE and underlying genetic mutation(s).
Meckel's diverticulum: A challenging diagnosis
Authors: Kaihlanen Kathryn , Phen Claudia , Sengupta Anita , Diesen Diana , Fernandes Neil J. , Rojas Isabel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis single‐center, cross‐sectional study aims to elucidate the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and outcomes in a subset of pediatric patients with atypical and/or challenging presentations of Meckel's diverticulum.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center cross‐sectional study on children diagnosed with Meckel's diverticulum at Children's Health in Dallas, Texas between 2010 and 2022. We identified 11 patients aged 0–17‐years‐old with confirmed Meckel's diverticulum who presented with atypical symptoms and/or a challenging diagnostic course. Patient demographics, symptoms at presentation, diagnostic workup, time to diagnosis, management, and outcomes were collected. Descriptive statistics were utilized.ResultsEleven patients (n = 8, 73% male) were included in the study with an average age of 10.5 years (range: 1–17 years). The mean time interval from initial presentation of symptoms to diagnosis was 8 months (range: 0–33 months). Barriers to diagnosis of Meckel's diverticulum identified in our study included atypical presentations, negative or nonconfirmatory Meckel scan results, negative surgical findings, and competing differential diagnoses.ConclusionMeckel's diverticulum is a challenging diagnosis and should be considered even if initial evaluation is negative as certain patients exhibit atypical presentations that necessitate surgical intervention for diagnosis.
Role of gastric ultrasound in pediatric Menetrier's disease: Report of two cases
Authors: Pellegrino Francesco , Opramolla Anna , Pizzol Antonio , Rigazio Caterina , Giugliano Laura , Pinon Michele , Calvo Pier Luigi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMenetrier's disease (MD) is a protein‐losing gastropathy characterized by acute generalized edema due to hypoalbuminemia. MD is rare in childhood, and it is commonly associated with cytomegalovirus infection. We reported two children, who presented with a history of generalized edema after some days of abdominal pain and diarrhea. Laboratory tests showed hypoalbuminemia with no proteinuria. Thoracic and abdominal ultrasound (US) revealed respectively pleural and pericardial effusion and ascites. A specific gastric echography showed gastric wall thickening (>3 mm) and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed prominent folds in the gastric body and fundus, with a subsequent histological confirmation of Menetrier diagnosis. They were discharged after several albumin infusions. A US follow‐up confirmed the remission of the disease after 1 and 6 months. Gastric US revealed accurate in the diagnosis of this rare condition and in its follow‐up. avoiding a second endoscopy in the short term.