bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in multiple myeloma presentation, management, cost of care, and outcomes in the Medicare population: A comprehensive look at racial disparities
Authors: Ailawadhi Sikander , Frank Ryan D. , Sharma Mayank , Menghani Richa , Temkit M'hamed , Paulus Shumail , Khera Nandita , Hashmi Shahrukh , Advani Pooja , Swaika Abhisek , Paulus Aneel , Aslam Nabeel , Sher Taimur , Roy Vivek , Colon‐Otero Gerardo , Chanan‐Khan Asher 
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUNDOutcomes have improved significantly in multiple myeloma (MM), but racial disparities in health care access and survival exist. A comprehensive analysis exploring MM care and racial disparities is warranted.METHODSPatients with MM from 1991 to 2010 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results‐Medicare database were evaluated for racial trends in clinical myeloma‐defining events (MDEs), the receipt of treatment (drugs and stem cell transplantation; [SCT]), the cost of care, and overall survival (OS).RESULTSAmong 35,842 patients, the frequency of all MDEs at diagnosis increased over time; whereas, in recent years (2006‐2010), all MDEs with the exception of renal dialysis decreased. Blacks had highest rates for all MDEs except bone fractures, which were highest in whites. Over time, the proportion of patients who received any treatment, multiple agents, and SCT increased significantly, and the largest increase was observed in the receipt of immunomodulatory drugs and steroids. There was greater receipt of bortezomib and SCT among whites and blacks and higher receipt of immunomodulatory drugs among Hispanics and Asians (P < .001). Medicare claims were highest during first 6 months after MM diagnosis for blacks and at any time after MM diagnosis for Hispanics. Over time, Medicare claims increased most steadily for Hispanics (P < .001). Hypercalcemia, renal dysfunction, and bone fractures were associated with inferior OS. Blacks and Asians had superior OS compared with whites, but racial differences in OS became less pronounced during 2006 through 2010 (P = .182) compared with prior years (P < .01). Better OS was noted among patients who had higher median incomes.CONCLUSIONSThe current results indicate that there have been significant changes in the management of patients with MM over time and provide an in‐depth understanding of the factors that may help explain racial disparities. Cancer 2018;124:1710‐21. © 2018 American Cancer Society
Facet‐Selective Deposition of Metal (M=Au, Pt, Pd) Nanoparticles on Co3O4 Crystals: Magnetically Separable Photocatalyst with Improved Catalytic Performance
Authors: Liu Qipeng , Cao Muhan , Chen Lei , Yuan Xiaolei , Zhong Qixuan , Wu Linzhong , Yang Di , Hu Huicheng , Xu Yong , Zhang Qiao 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDepositing noble metals on specific facets of semiconductors can improve the separation of photoexcited hole–electron pairs during the photocatalytic reaction, resulting in enhanced photocatalytic performance. This work describes the selective deposition of noble metal nanoparticles (Au, Pt, Pd) on some specific facets of p‐type Co3O4 through a simple and facile photoassisted method. The deposition of Au nanoparticles (NPs) on {111} facets of Co3O4 nanocrystals (NCs) can remarkably improve their photocatalytic activity towards water oxidation, which can be attributed to enhanced charge spatial separation. Moreover, the magnetically separated photocatalysts are good examples of new designed photocatalysts that can be recovered easily.
Initial Damage and Damage Growth of KDP Crystals Induced by 355 nm Pulse Laser
Authors: Huang Jin , Wu Zhiqing , Wang Fengrui , Liu Hongjie , Sun Laixi , Zhou Xiaoyan , Ye Xin , Deng Qinghua , Jiang Xiaodong , Zheng Wanguo , Sun Dunlu 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBulk damage of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals induced by high power UV pulse laser irradiation is the main factor limiting inertial confinement fusion (ICF) laser output performance. In this study, investigated KDP crystal bulk damage behavior induced by nanosecond 355 nm laser is investigated. Bulk damage density exponentially increases with the increasing laser flux. Damage manifests as a central hole and radially extends crack. The bulk damage size of sample can be significantly reduced by the laser pretreatment. When damage density reachs 3 mm−3, functional damage criterion is observed. From the reseach on the damage growth process, it can be further found that there is a certain probability to induce the density and size growth of damage points for KDP crystal when the laser energy density is over 10 J cm−2. Moreover, the laser pretreatment had no effect on the behavior. The outcomes of this study provide a reference for optimizing KDP crystal application in high power lasers.
Bifunctional Oxygen Reduction/Oxygen Evolution Activity of Mixed Fe/Co Oxide Nanoparticles with Variable Fe/Co Ratios Supported on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Elumeeva Karina , Kazakova Mariya A. , Morales Dulce Maria , Medina Danea , Selyutin Alexander , Golubtsov Georgiy , Ivanov Yurii , Kuznetzov Vladimir , Chuvilin Andrey , Antoni Hendrik , Muhler Martin , Schuhmann Wolfgang , Masa Justus 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA facile strategy is reported for the synthesis of Fe/Co mixed metal oxide nanoparticles supported on, and embedded inside, high purity oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) of narrow diameter distribution as effective bifunctional catalysts able to reversibly drive the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline solutions. Variation of the Fe/Co ratio resulted in a pronounced trend in the bifunctional ORR/OER activity. Controlled synthesis and in‐depth characterization enabled the identification of an optimal Fe/Co composition, which afforded a low OER/OER reversible overvoltage of only 0.831 V, taking the OER at 10 mA cm−2 and the ORR at −1 mA cm−2. Importantly, the optimal catalyst with a Fe/Co ratio of 2:3 exhibited very promising long‐term stability with no evident change in the potential for both the ORR and the OER after 400 charge/discharge (OER/ORR) cycles at 15 mA cm−2 in 6 m KOH. Moreover, detailed investigation of the structure, size, and phase composition of the mixed Fe/Co oxide nanoparticles, as well as their localization (inside of or on the surface of the MWCNTs) revealed insight of the possible contribution of the individual catalyst components and their synergistic interaction in the catalysis.
The Monoclonal Anti‐CD157 Antibody Clone SY11B5, Used for High Sensitivity Detection of PNH Clones on WBCs, Fails to Detect a Common Polymorphic Variant Encoded byBST‐1
Authors: Blaha Johanna , Schwarz Klaus , Fischer Claudia , Schauwecker Peter , Höchsmann Britta , Schrezenmeier Hubert , Anliker Markus 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundCD157, encoded byBST‐1, has been described as a useful flow cytometric marker for the analysis of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) as it is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)‐linked molecule highly expressed on normal monocytes and neutrophils. We and others observed isolated CD157 signal dropouts during intended PNH analysis. We hypothesize that these negative populations occur due to an antibody failure. To investigate the reason for this finding, we compared two different anti‐CD157 antibody clones for PNH analysis.MethodsWe sequencedBST‐1of CD157‐negative probands that are not suffering from PNH and expressed wild type and a discovered variant form of CD157 in HEK293 cells. We compared the binding patterns of two different anti‐CD157 antibody clones (SY11B5 and RF3) by flow cytometry and western blot analysis.ResultsWhen sequencing two CD157‐negative probands we detected a common SNP (p.Arg145Gln) in exon 3 ofBST‐1. We found that only anti‐CD157 antibody clone RF3 but not the more widely used clone SY11B5 was able to detect both, the wild type and the variant form of CD157 in flow cytometric experiments.ConclusionThe failure of anti‐CD157 antibody clone SY11B5 to detect a common SNP can explain some CD157‐negative cytometric data. This provides crucial knowledge for laboratories performing PNH analyses as such results can potentially lead to false‐positive PNH interpretation. Our results confirm the importance of published PNH guidelines. © 2018 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Female mate choice of male signals is unlikely to promote ecological adaptation inEnchenopatreehoppers (Hemiptera: Membracidae)
Authors: Fowler‐Finn Kasey D. , Kilmer Joseph T. , Cruz Daniel C. , Rodríguez Rafael L. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA key question in speciation research is how ecological and sexual divergence arise and interact. We tested the hypothesis that mate choice causes local adaptation and ecological divergence using the rationale that the performance~signal trait relationship should parallel the attractiveness~signal trait relationship. We used female fecundity as a measure of ecological performance. We used a species in theEnchenopa binotatatreehopper complex, wherein speciation involves adaptation to novel environments and divergence in sexual communication. We used a full‐sibling, split‐family rearing design to estimate genetic correlations (rG) between fecundity and signal traits, and compared those relationships against population‐level mate preferences for the signal traits. Animal model estimates forrGbetween female fecundity and male signal traits overlapped zero—rejecting the hypothesis—but could reflect sample size limitations. The magnitude ofrGcorrelated with the strength of the mate preferences for the corresponding signal traits, especially for signal frequency, which has the strongest mate preference and the most divergence in the complex. However, signal frequencies favored by the population‐level mate preference are not associated with high fecundity. Therefore, mate preferences do not appear to have been selected to favor high‐performance genotypes. Our findings suggest that ecological and sexual divergence may arise separately, but reinforce each other, during speciation.
Evaluation of High Energy Density Plasma in Counter‐Facing Plasma Focus Device Driven by Laser‐Triggered Pulse Power System
Authors: SODEKODA TATSUYA , KUWABARA HAJIME , KITTAKA SHOTARO , HORIOKA KAZUHIKO 
Published: January 2018

SUMMARYA laser‐trigger system has been introduced to a pulse power system composed of counter‐facing plasma focus electrodes in order to make high energy density plasma. Lithium plasmas made by a YAG laser ablation were used for both triggering the plasma focus and supplying the source of the high energy density plasma. Also the supply system of plasma source has been improved for stability and repeatability of the device. Operational principle of the device, details of the configuration, and basic characteristics of the triggering system are shown together with possible applications of the device.
Serum proteomic pattern in female stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Koch Marianne , Umek Wolfgang , Hanzal Engelbert , Mohr Thomas , Seyfert Sonja , Koelbl Heinz , Mitulović Goran 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe pathophysiology of Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI) is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify the serum proteomic profile in patients with SUI and to replicate findings from a preceding study in which a significant difference in the urinary proteome was identified. Serum samples were collected from 38 patients (19 SUI; 19 matched, continent controls). Sample preparation included serum albumin depletion, in‐solution enzymatic digestion of proteins applying a combination of Gluc‐C and trypsin and peptide separation using nano High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Label‐free quantitation of peptides and proteins was performed after triplicate measurements using quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Peptide identification was achieved by searching the Human SwissProt Database using Mascot and X!Tandem. Main outcome measure was the relative abundance of each detected protein in serum. Of 7012 identified proteins, 33 proteins were induced (detected in SUI, not in controls) and five proteins were depleted (detected in controls, not in SUI). All depleted proteins play a role in immune/DNA damage response. Induced proteins are involved in inflammatory response, response to cellular stress, coagulation and cytoskeleton stability/ motility. Plasma serine protease inhibitor (SERPINA5) was found induced and previously also showed a higher abundance in urine samples of SUI patients. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD008553.
Simultaneous identification of the anaphylactoid components from traditional Chinese medicine injections using rat basophilic leukemia 2H3 and laboratory of allergic disease 2 dual‐mixed/cell membrane chromatography model
Authors: Han Shengli , Lv Yanni , Kong Liyun , Sun Yueming , Fu Jia , Li Lingjun , He Langchong 
Published: January 2018

AbstractTraditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for prevention and treatment of various diseases for many decades. TCM injection is a new dosage form, with incidence of anaphylactoid reactions increasing every year. In this study, the rat basophilic leukemia 2H3 (RBL‐2H3) and laboratory of allergic disease 2 (LAD2) dual‐mixed/CMC was established and was coupled with an HPLC‐ESI‐IT‐TOF‐MS system to identify the potential allergenic components in Haqing injection. Cinobufagin, piperine, osthole, praeruptorin A, and schizandrin A were screened from Haqing injection via this coupled system. Competitive binding assay showed piperine, praeruptorin A, and schizandrin A acting on MrgprX2 and cinobufagin and osthole act on the IgE receptor. The release of mediators of anaphylaxis results showed cinobufagin and osthole can cause anaphylactoid reactions by triggering the release of β‐hexosaminidase and histamine via IgE‐R. Praeruptorin A and schizandrin A could promote the release of β‐hexosaminidase and histamine via MrgprX2 receptor. In summary, the dual‐mixed/CMC model can significantly improve the efficiency of target component identification from a complex sample. When combined with competitive binding assay and validation of biological activities, this model enables accurate determination of the dual‐target components, offering improved methods for quality control of TCM injections.
Outcomes after free tissue transfer for composite oral cavity resections involving skin
Authors: Alvi Sameer A. , Hamill Chelsea S. , Lepse Jason P. , Ayala Marco , Girod Douglas A. , Tsue Terance T. , Shnayder Yelizaveta , Kakarala Kiran 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundResections involving oral cavity mucosa, bone, and skin present a unique challenge. Optimizing outcomes often requires technically demanding reconstruction. The purpose of this study is to evaluate outcomes of several reconstructive approaches for patients with composite through‐and‐through defects, with a focus on the osteocutaneous radial forearm free flap (RFFF).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective evaluation of the cohort of patients treated for composite through‐and‐through defects with cutaneous involvement who underwent free flap reconstruction from August 2012 through October 2015.ResultsSeventeen patients received a single flap (12 cases of osteocutaneous RFFF), whereas 10 patients underwent a combination of flaps. Complication rates and functional outcomes were favorable in patients who underwent osteocutaneous RFFFs. The supraclavicular artery island flap (SCAIF) was used as a second flap in 3 cases.ConclusionThe osteocutaneous RFFF provides a valuable reconstructive option for complex composite resection defects involving skin. When 2 flaps are required, the SCAIF is a viable alternative to a second free flap or pectoralis flap.
Predictors of clinical‐pathologic stage discrepancy in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma: A National Cancer Database study
Authors: Kılıç Sarah S. , Kılıç Suat , Crippen Meghan M. , Varughese Denny , Eloy Jean Anderson , Baredes Soly , Mahmoud Omar M. , Park Richard Chan Woo 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have examined the frequency and survival implications of clinicopathologic stage discrepancy in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).MethodsOral cavity SCC cases with full pathologic staging information were identified in the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Clinical and pathologic stages were compared. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with stage discrepancy.ResultsThere were 9110 cases identified, of which 67.3% of the cases were stage concordant, 19.9% were upstaged, and 12.8% were downstaged. The N classification discordance (28.5%) was more common than T classification discordance (27.6%). In cases of T classification discordance, downstaging is more common than upstaging (15.4% vs 12.1% of cases), but in cases of N classification discordance, the reverse is true; upstaging is much more common than downstaging (20.1 vs 8.4% of cases).ConclusionClinicopathologic stage discrepancy in oral cavity SCC is a common phenomenon that is associated with a number of clinical factors and has survival implications.
Rational and participative task allocation between the nursing staff and the logistics support service provider in healthcare
Authors: Kekkonen Päivi , Pohjosenperä Timo , Kantola Hannele , Väyrynen Seppo 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study aims to answer how rational task allocation between the nursing staff and the support service provider in the healthcare context can increase the positive outcome of the work system. The work system model is used as a theoretical framework, with resilience and cost as complementary concepts. This qualitative case study used action research and participatory design to develop the work system with the interplay of two parallel personnel groups in the healthcare environment. First, the case of an ongoing relationship between the target organization's nursing staff and in‐house logistics and material supply services was studied. The development process resulted in a variety of practical ideas to improve the cooperation between the personnel groups. In the second case, a prospective relationship between the nursing staff and an external logistics service provider was examined. This research's conceptual results identify the main characteristics of rational support services as comprehensive, resilient, reliable, and easily accessible.
Glycosylated Cell‐Penetrating Poly(disulfide)s: Multifunctional Cellular Uptake at High Solubility
Authors: Morelli Paola , Bartolami Eline , Sakai Naomi , Matile Stefan 
Published: January 2018

The glycosylation of cell‐penetrating poly(disulfide)s (CPDs) is introduced to increase the solubility of classical CPDs and to achieve multifunctional cellular uptake. With the recently developed sidechain engineering, CPDs decorated with α‐d‐glucose (Glu), β‐d‐galactose (Gal), d‐trehalose (Tre), and triethyleneglycol (TEG) were readily accessible. Confocal laser scanning microscopy images of HeLa Kyoto cells incubated with the new CPDs at 2.5 μm revealed efficient uptake into cytosol and nucleoli of all glycosylated CPDs, whereas the original CPDs and TEGylated CPDs showed much precipitation into fluorescent aggregates at these high concentrations. Flow cytometry analysis identified Glu‐CPDs as most active, closely followed by Gal‐CPDs and Tre‐CPDs, and all clearly more active than non‐glycosylated CPDs. In the MTT assay, all glyco‐CPDs were non‐toxic at concentrations as high as 2.5 μm. Consistent with thiol‐mediated uptake, glycosylated CPDs remained dependent on thiols on the cell surface for dynamic covalent exchange, their removal with Ellman's reagent DTNB efficiently inhibited uptake. Multifunctionality was demonstrated by inhibition of Glu‐CPDs with d‐glucose (IC50 ca. 20 mm). Insensitivity toward l‐glucose and d‐galactose and insensitivity of conventional CPDs toward d‐glucose supported that glucose‐mediated uptake of the multifunctional Glu‐CPDs involves selective recognition by glucose receptors at the cell surface. Weaker but significant sensitivity of Gal‐CPDs toward d‐galactose but not d‐glucose was noted (IC50 ca. 110 mm). Biotinylation of Glu‐CPDs resulted in the efficient delivery of streptavidin together with a fluorescent model substrate. Protein delivery with Glu‐CPDs was more efficient than with conventional CPDs and remained sensitive to DTNB and d‐glucose, i.e., multifunctional.
Adrenomedullin surges are linked to acute episodes of the systemic capillary leak syndrome (Clarkson disease)
Authors: Xie Zhihui , Chen Wei-Sheng , Yin Yuzhi , Chan Eunice C , Terai Kaoru , Long Lauren M , Myers Timothy G , Dudek Arkadiusz Z , Druey Kirk M 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Background
Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome (SCLS) is an extremely rare and life-threatening vascular disorder of unknown etiology. SCLS is characterized by abrupt and transient episodes of hypotensive shock and edema due to plasma leakage into peripheral tissues. The disorder has garnered attention recently because its initial presentation resembles more common vascular disorders including systemic anaphylaxis, sepsis, and acute infections with the Ebola/Marburg family of filoviruses. Although approximately 70–85% of patients with SCLS have a concurrent monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS), any contribution of the paraprotein to acute flares is unknown.

Procedure
To identify circulating factors that might trigger acute SCLS crises, we profiled transcriptomes of paired peripheral blood mononuclear cell fractions obtained from patients during acute attacks and convalescent intervals by microarray.

Results
This study uncovered 61 genes that were significantly up- or downregulated more than 2.5-fold in acute samples relative to respective baselines. One of the most upregulated genes was ADM, which encodes the vasoactive peptide adrenomedullin. A stable ADM protein surrogate (pro-ADM) was markedly elevated in SCLS acute sera compared to remission samples or sera from healthy controls. Monocytes and endothelial cells (ECs) from SCLS subjects expressed significantly more ADM in response to proinflammatory stimuli compared to healthy control cells. Application of ADM to ECs elicited protective effects on vascular barrier function, suggesting a feedback protective mechanism in SCLS.

Conclusions
Since ADM has established hypotensive effects, differentiating between these dual actions of ADM is crucial for therapeutic applications aimed at more common diseases associated with increased ADM levels.
Obesity does not influence prostate intrafractional motion
Authors: Brown Amy , Tan Alex , Cooper Scott , Fielding Andrew 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIntroductionMotion of the prostate is problematic in the accurate delivery of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) for prostate cancer. This study investigated the relationship between body mass index (BMI), an easily measured indicator of obesity, and prostate motion.MethodsProstate motion during EBRT was assessed by measuring the displacement of fiducial markers implanted within the prostate in 130 prostate cancer patients. Interfractional motion was corrected on daily imaging through pre‐treatment cone‐beam‐computed tomography (CBCT) and intrafractional motion measured using movie sequences captured using an electronic portal imaging device (EPID) during treatment delivery.ResultsThere was no statistically significant relationship between the mean intrafractional motion and BMI, except in the left‐right (LR) translation (P = 0.049) over the study population. For each BMI category, there was no statistical significance (P > 0.05) between any of the translations/rotations except LR (P = 0.003).ConclusionWhile intrafractional motion is an important consideration, prostate motion cannot be reliably predicted through measurement of patient's BMI.