bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enforced Expression of HOXB4 in Human Embryonic Stem Cells Enhances the Production of Hematopoietic Progenitors but Has No Effect on the Maturation of Red Blood Cells
Authors: Jackson Melany , Ma Rui , Taylor A. Helen , Axton Richard A. , Easterbrook Jennifer , Kydonaki Maria , Olivier Emmanuel , Marenah Lamin , Stanley Edouard G. , Elefanty Andrew G. , Mountford Joanne C. , Forrester Lesley M. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

We have developed a robust, Good Manufacturing Practice-compatible differentiation protocol capable of producing scalable quantities of red blood cells (RBCs) from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). However, translation of this protocol to the clinic has been compromised because the RBCs produced are not fully mature; thus, they express embryonic and fetal, rather than adult globins, and they do not enucleate efficiently. Based on previous studies, we predicted that activation of exogenous HOXB4 would increase the production of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) from hPSCs and hypothesized that it might also promote the production of more mature, definitive RBCs. Using a tamoxifen-inducible HOXB4-ERT2 expression system, we first demonstrated that activation of HOXB4 does increase the production of HPCs from hPSCs as determined by colony-forming unit culture activity and the presence of CD43+CD34+ progenitors. Activation of HOXB4 caused a modest, but significant, increase in the proportion of immature CD235a+/CD71+ erythroid cells. However, this did not result in a significant increase in more mature CD235a+/CD71− cells. RBCs produced in the presence of enhanced HOXB4 activity expressed embryonic (ε) and fetal (γ) but not adult (β) globins, and the proportion of enucleated cells was comparable to that of the control cultures. We conclude that programming with the transcription factor HOXB4 increases the production of hematopoietic progenitors and immature erythroid cells but does not resolve the inherent challenges associated with the production of mature adult-like enucleated RBCs.

Significance
As worldwide blood donations decrease and transfusable transmitted infections increase, intense interest has ensued in deriving red blood cells (RBCs) in vitro from alternative sources such as pluripotent stem cells. A translatable protocol was developed to generate RBCs; however, these RBCs have an immature phenotype. It was hypothesized that the transcription factor HOXB4 could enhance their production and maturation. Although HOXB4 increased the production of erythroid progenitors, it did not promote their maturation. Despite the remaining challenges, a robust system has been established to test other candidates and add to the knowledge base in this field.
Aux racines d’une exclusion féminine si « naturelle » : la chronique jazz, un univers très « masculin »
Authors: Buscatto Marie 
Published: June 2016

Le « monde » des chroniqueurs de jazz est, en France, un monde d’hommes. Non seulement les femmes sont rares, en proportion, à signer des articles ou à réaliser des émissions de radio portant sur le jazz (moins de 10 %), mais les femmes présentes y occupent des positions marginalisées. Comment expliquer que la chronique jazz reste un univers si fermé aux femmes malgré les efforts contraires mis en oeuvre par les hommes chroniqueurs de jazz ? Cet article vise à éclairer aussi bien la faible présence et la position marginalisée des femmes dans cette activité que les manières dont certaines réussissent « quand même » à exercer l’activité de chroniqueuse de jazz. À travers ce cas exceptionnel – par sa petite taille et par la force de la marginalisation des femmes – apparaissent ainsi de manière exacerbée les processus sociaux transversaux de marginalisation et de transgression des femmes dans des univers très « masculins » – professionnels, sportifs, culturels, artistiques ou militants.
L’enjeu de l’équité salariale au Nouveau-Brunswick : une question de redistribution et de reconnaissance
Authors: Pelland Marie-Andrée , Savoie Lise 
Published: June 2016

Cet article porte sur les actions stratégiques menées par la Coalition pour l’équité salariale du Nouveau-Brunswick et par le gouvernement de cette province pour agir sur la question de l’équité salariale. Il s’agit ici de comprendre sur quoi se fondent les stratégies d’action de la Coalition et du gouvernement pour remédier aux iniquités salariales persistantes entre les hommes et les femmes. Cette analyse s’appuie sur les cadres théoriques de Nancy Fraser (2011, 2012) et d’Axel Honneth (2000, 2002, 2008). Pour bien cerner les actions de la Coalition et celles du gouvernement du Nouveau-Brunswick, nous avons effectué une analyse documentaire de la presse néo-brunswickoise entre 2001 et 2013 ainsi qu’une analyse de la documentation produite par ces groupes. L’analyse documentaire a permis de constater la présence de trois périodes distinctes dans la lutte de la redistribution et de la reconnaissance pour l’équité salariale : de 2001 à 2003, « Construction et sensibilisation à l’équité salariale » ; de 2004 à 2006, « Polarisation d’enjeux portant sur l’équité salariale » et, de 2007 à 2013, « Action du gouvernement et réaction de la Coalition pour l’équité salariale ». Durant chacune de ces périodes, on a relevé la présence de remèdes distinctifs pour corriger les iniquités salariales.
Les ancêtres, l’esclavage, la Négritude et l’art africain dans une Maison : politique du patrimoine et altérité
Authors: Barbe Noël , Sevin Jean-Christophe 
Published: June 2016

La Maison de la Négritude et des Droits de l’Homme de Champagney, petite ville de Haute-Saône dans l’Est de la France, est née dans les années 1970 à la suite de la découverte dans les archives d’un extrait des cahiers de doléances de 1789 rédigé par des habitants de cette commune et demandant l’abolition de l’esclavage. Le qualificatif Négritude provient du parrainage que Léopold Sédar Senghor a voulu accorder à ce lieu, où la mise en valeur de ce « voeu de Champagney » s’articule à une muséographie obsolète consacrée à l’histoire de l’esclavage des Noirs à laquelle est juxtaposée une collection d’« art africain ». Sur le fond de ce patrimoine commun, un ensemble de pratiques et de points de vue différenciés se détachent nettement. Comment s’articulent ces expériences diverses? Peut-on parler de patrimoine interculturel? Ou plutôt d’une situation d’interculturalité en ce qu’elle tient de l’approche d’une altérité subsumée sous le thème de la Négritude. Cette altérité s’y trouve à la fois redoublée par la question de l’esclavage et en même temps incluse dans une commune humanité, sur le registre moral des Droits de l’Homme et au nom de l’héritage du Voeu de Champagney. Cette appréhension patrimoniale de l’altérité coexiste avec une volonté de traduire l’histoire de l’esclavage des Noirs pour en faire une ressource pour lutter contre les dominations et discriminations à l’oeuvre dans le monde contemporain, qui rentre elle-même en tension avec une mise en balance de ses propres souffrances sociales lorsque l’on est habitant ordinaire de Champagney au regard de la distance sociale qui peut être ressentie vis-à-vis des promoteurs de la Maison de la Négritude et des Droits de l’Homme.
Effects of AlN buffer layer thickness on the crystallinity and surface morphology of 10-µm-thick a-plane AlN films grown on r-plane sapphire substrates
Authors: Lin Chia-Hung , Tamaki Shinya , Yamashita Yasuhiro , Miyake Hideto , Hiramatsu Kazumasa 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
10-µm-thick a-plane AlN

films containing a low-temperature AlN (LT-AlN) buffer layer and a high-temperature AlN (HT-AlN) film were prepared on r-plane sapphire

substrates. The crystallinity of all the samples with different LT-AlN buffer layer thicknesses was improved after thermal annealing and HT-AlN growth, mainly owing to the elimination of domain boundaries and the concurrent suppression of facet formation. The optimum crystallinity of HT-AlN films was obtained with full widths at half maximum of the X-ray rocking curves of 660 arcsec for AlN

AlN and 840 arcsec for (0002) using a 200-nm-thick LT-AlN buffer layer.
Flexible inverted polymer solar cells fabricated in air at low temperatures
Authors: Kuwabara Takayuki , Wang Xiaofan , Kusumi Takuji , Yamaguchi Takahiro , Taima Tetsuya , Takahashi Kohshin 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
A series of modified indium tin oxide (ITO) materials, including sol–gel zinc-oxide-coated ITO (ITO/ZnO), ZnO nanoparticle-coated ITO (ITO/ZnO-NP), 1,4-bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazine (BAP)-modified ITO, and polyethylenimine ethoxylated (PEIE)-modified ITO, were used for electron-collection electrodes in inverted polymer solar cells (PSCs). The modified ITO electrodes were prepared in air at temperatures below 100 °C, using various ITO films on flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrates (PET–ITO) with sheet resistances ranging from 12 to 60 Ω sq−1. The PET–ITO (12 Ω sq−1)/ZnO-NP PSC exhibited an improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) (2.93%), and this PCE was ∼90% of that observed for a cell using glass–ITO/ZnO-NP (sheet resistance = 10 Ω sq−1; PCE = 3.28%). Additionally, we fabricated a flexible inverted ZnO-NP PSC using an indene-C60 bisadduct (ICBA) as the acceptor material in place of [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and obtained a PCE of 4.18%.
Expected Sonographic Appearance of the Spleen in Children and Young Adults With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Gale Heather I. , Bobbitt Christopher A. , Setty Bindu N. , Sprinz Philippa G. , Doros Gheorghe , Williams Don D. , Morrison Trevor C. , Kalajian Tyler A. , Tu Powen , Mundluru Shankar N. , Castro-Aragon Ilse 
Published: June 2016

Objectives: To update the imaging literature regarding spleen appearances in young patients with sickle cell disease (SCD).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study and included 112 patients age 0 to 21 years with SCD who had at least 1 abdominal sonogram at our institution between 1999 and 2011. Radiologic findings were compared between risk groups by χ2 analysis. Findings were correlated with other imaging modalities when available.ResultsIn our cohort, 35.7% of patients had autosplenectomy, and 8.0% had undergone surgical splenectomy. Only 5.0% of individuals age 0 to 5 years had autosplenectomy. In those who had not undergone surgical splenectomy or autosplenectomy, 76.2% had echogenic spleens, heterogeneous‐appearing spleens, or both, and patients with the homozygous sickle cell anemia (HbSS) genotype were more likely to have an abnormal spleen echo texture. Patients treated with transfusions had echogenic spleens and had a higher frequency of splenic regeneration nodules. Most patients (80%) with splenomegaly did not require surgical splenectomy after 5.7 years of follow‐up.ConclusionsTwenty years ago, children with HbSS SCD were expected to have autosplenectomy by age 5 years. There have been changes in the radiologic appearance of the spleen in patients with SDC, likely due to improved supportive care and the use of acute and chronic transfusion therapy. We found that autosplenectomy is rare by age 5 years, and during childhood and adolescence, the spleen typically appears echogenic, heterogeneous, or both, depending on disease severity.
Atypical antipsychotics: A review on the prevalence, monitoring, and management of their metabolic and cardiovascular side effects
Authors: Wei Xin Chong Joyce , Hsien-Jie Tan Earl , Chong Chia Eng , Ng Yiwei , Wijesinghe Ruki 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Introduction: Excessive weight gain, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia are well-known physical side effects of the metabolic syndrome commonly associated with atypical antipsychotic (AAP) treatment. We review these side effects of AAPs and their monitoring and management strategies.

Methods: A literature search was conducted to identify articles published on the prevalence, monitoring, and management of cardiometabolic side effects of AAPs.

Results: Comparative risk of AAPs on weight gain, hyperlipidemia, glucose intolerance, and QT interval corrected for heart rate prolongation varies across the AAPs currently available. Likewise, pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic options investigated for management of these side effects, and monitoring those at appropriate intervals, differ based on the clinical condition and risk factors identified.

Discussion: Atypical antipsychotics in general have little difference among them in short-term efficacy; however, the prevalence of their physical side effects substantially distinguishes them. It is of importance that clinicians carefully select AAPs bearing in mind the presence of risk factors, initiating patients directly on AAPs with a low risk of cardiometabolic side effects, and monitoring and managing those side effects at appropriate intervals.
Large expansion of oil industry in the Ecuadorian Amazon: biodiversity vulnerability and conservation alternatives
Authors: Lessmann Janeth , Fajardo Javier , Muñoz Jesús , Bonaccorso Elisa 
Published: June 2016

AbstractEcuador will experience a significant expansion of the oil industry in its Amazonian region, one of the most biodiverse areas of the world. In view of the changes that are about to come, we explore the conflicts between oil extraction interests and biodiversity protection and apply systematic conservation planning to identify priority areas that should be protected in different oil exploitation scenarios. First, we quantified the current extent of oil blocks and protected zones and their overlap with two biodiversity indicators: 25 ecosystems and 745 species (whose distributions were estimated via species distribution models). With the new scheme of oil exploitation, oil blocks cover 68% (68,196 km2) of the Ecuadorian Amazon; half of it occupied by new blocks open for bids in the southern Amazon. This region is especially vulnerable to biodiversity losses, because peaks of species diversity, 19 ecosystems, and a third of its protected zones coincide spatially with oil blocks. Under these circumstances, we used Marxan software to identify priority areas for conservation outside oil blocks, but their coverage was insufficient to completely represent biodiversity. Instead, priority areas that include southern oil blocks provide a higher representation of biodiversity indicators. Therefore, preserving the southern Amazon becomes essential to improve the protection of Amazonian biodiversity in Ecuador, and avoiding oil exploitation in these areas (33% of the extent of southern oil blocks) should be considered a conservation alternative. Also, it is highly recommended to improve current oil exploitation technology to reduce environmental impacts in the region, especially within five oil blocks that we identified as most valuable for the conservation of biodiversity. The application of these and other recommendations depends heavily on the Ecuadorian government, which needs to find a better balance between the use of the Amazon resources and biodiversity conservation.
Blockade of sigma 1 receptors alleviates sensory signs of diabetic neuropathy in rats
Authors: Paniagua N. , Girón R. , Goicoechea C. , López‐Miranda V. , Vela J.M. , Merlos M. , Martín Fontelles M.I. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundE‐52862 (S1RA, 4‐[2‐[[5‐methyl‐1‐(2‐naphthalenyl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl]oxy]ethyl]‐morpholine), a novel selective sigma 1 receptor (σ1R) antagonist, has demonstrated efficacy in nociceptive and neuropathic pain models. Our aim was to test if σ1R blockade with E‐52862 may modify the signs of neuropathy in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, a type 2 diabetes model.MethodsMechanical and thermal response thresholds were tested on 7‐, 13‐, 14‐ and 15‐week‐old ZDF rats treated with saline or with E‐52862 acutely administered on week 13, followed by sub‐chronic administration (14 days). Axonal peripheral activity (skin–saphenous nerve preparation) and isolated aorta or mesenteric bed reactivity were analysed in 15‐week‐old ZDF rats treated with saline or E‐52862 and in LEAN rats.ResultsZucker diabetic fatty rats showed significantly decreased thermal withdrawal latency and threshold to mechanical stimulation on week 13 compared to week 7 (prediabetes) and with LEAN animals; single‐dose and sub‐chronic E‐52862 administration restored both parameters to those recorded on week 7. Regarding axonal peripheral activity, E‐52862 treatment increased the mean mechanical threshold (77.3 ± 21 mN vs. 19.6 ± 1.5 mN, saline group) and reduced the response evoked by mechanical increasing stimulation (86.4 ± 36.5 vs. 352.8 ± 41.4 spikes) or by repeated mechanical supra‐threshold steps (39.4 ± 1.4 vs. 83.5 ± 0.9). E‐52862 treatment also restored contractile response to phenylephrine in aorta and mesenteric bed.ConclusionsE‐52862 administration reverses neuropathic (behavioural and electrophysiological) and vascular signs in the ZDF rat.SignificanceBlockade of σ1R avoids the development of diabetic neuropathy in rats, and may represent a potentially useful therapeutic approach to peripheral neuropathies in diabetic patients.What does this study add?

This study presents evidences for the potential usefulness of sigma receptor blockade on diabetic neuropathy in rats.

The methodology includes behavioural evidences, electrophysiological data and vascular‐isolated models.
Gaussian signal relaxation around spin echoes: Implications for precise reversible transverse relaxation quantification of pulmonary tissue at 1.5 and 3 Tesla
Authors: Zapp Jascha , Domsch Sebastian , Weingärtner Sebastian , Schad Lothar R. 
Published: June 2016

PurposeTo characterize the reversible transverse relaxation in pulmonary tissue and to study the benefit of a quadratic exponential (Gaussian) model over the commonly used linear exponential model for increased quantification precision.MethodsA point‐resolved spectroscopy sequence was used for comprehensive sampling of the relaxation around spin echoes. Measurements were performed in an ex vivo tissue sample and in healthy volunteers at 1.5 Tesla (T) and 3 T. The goodness of fit using
and the precision of the fitted relaxation time by means of its confidence interval were compared between the two relaxation models.ResultsThe Gaussian model provides enhanced descriptions of pulmonary relaxation with lower
by average factors of 4 ex vivo and 3 in volunteers. The Gaussian model indicates higher sensitivity to tissue structure alteration with increased precision of reversible transverse relaxation time measurements also by average factors of 4 ex vivo and 3 in volunteers. The mean relaxation times of the Gaussian model in volunteers are
= (1.97 ± 0.27) msec at 1.5 T and
= (0.83 ± 0.21) msec at 3 T.ConclusionPulmonary signal relaxation was found to be accurately modeled as Gaussian, providing a potential biomarker
with high sensitivity. Magn Reson Med 77:1938–1945, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Low Merlin expression and high Survivin labeling index are indicators for poor prognosis in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Meerang Mayura , Bérard Karima , Friess Martina , Bitanihirwe Byron K.Y. , Soltermann Alex , Vrugt Bart , Felley-Bosco Emanuela , Bueno Raphael , Richards William G. , Seifert Burkhardt , Stahel Rolf , Weder Walter , Opitz Isabelle 
Published: June 2016

IntroductionAlterations of the tumor suppressor Neurofibromatosis type II (NF2) have been reported in about 40% of Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) patients. NF2 (Merlin) deficiency leads to alterations of the Hippo pathway; resulting in activation of the oncogenic Yes Associated Protein‐1 (YAP1). Our aim was to investigate the association between these alterations and clinical outcomes.Material and methodsTissue microarrays composed of MPM tumors derived from 2 independent MPM cohorts were employed for this study. Immunohistochemical expression of Merlin, YAP1 and its target genes, Survivin and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were assessed in nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions. Cohort 1 was comprised of 145 patients intended to be treated with chemotherapy (CTX) followed by extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP), thus both pre‐ and post‐CTX tissues were available. Cohort 2 was comprised of 59 patients treated with EPP followed by intraoperative hyperthermic cisplatin and/or adjuvant CTX and/or radiotherapy. Marker expression was quantified by means of labeling index (%) for nuclear Survivin and by H‐score for the other markers. The dichotomized marker expression was tested for the association with overall survival (OS) and freedom from recurrence (FFR).ResultsKaplan–Meier survival curves revealed a significant association between low cytoplasmic Merlin expression in pre‐induction CTX tissues of cohort 1 with shorter FFR (p = 0.02) and OS (p = 0.03). The same tendency was observed in the chemotherapy naïve tissues obtained during EPP of cohort 2. Low nuclear Merlin expression in post‐CTX tissues (available from cohort 1 only) was associated with shorter FFR (p = 0.04) and OS (p = 0.05). High nuclear Survivin labeling indices in both pre‐ and post‐CTX tissues of cohort 1 was associated with shorter FFR (p = 0.02). In cohort 2, this was associated with both FFR and OS (p = 0.046 and p = 0.002, respectively). In multivariate analysis, low expression of cytoplasmic Merlin remained an independent prognosticator for shorter FFR of cohort 1 [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.3–0.9, p = 0.001] and OS [HR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3–1, p = 0.04]. High Survivin labeling index was an independent prognostic factor for shorter FFR in patients from cohort 1 [HR = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.7–6.8, p = 0.006] and shorter OS in patients from cohort 2 [HR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.27–4.33, p = 0.006].ConclusionsOur findings uncover the significance of Merlin protein expression and Survivin labeling index as prognosticators for poor clinical outcome in two independent MPM cohorts. If confirmed, these markers may be used to identify subgroups of patients benefitting from additional treatment.
Institutional Transformation and Changing Networking Patterns in China
Authors: Zhang Jianjun , Zhao Wei , Zhang Yanlong 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTDrawing insights from the institutional embeddedness perspective, this article explores the changing patterns and significance of two types of strategic networking along with the institutional transformation in China. Using two-wave survey data on Chinese private firms, we find that after the state relaxed its control of resources the importance of networking with the state tends to decline, while ties with market actors become increasingly important. Determinants of network investment have shifted from managers’ perceived importance of different types of network ties to a firm's immediate institutional environment. Finally, the impact of networking on firm growth has also altered over time. These findings advance our understanding of the crucial role of the institutional environment in shaping firms’ networking strategies and have important theoretical and practical implications.
Phospholipase Cβ1 induces membrane tubulation and is involved in caveolae formation
Authors: Inaba Takehiko , Kishimoto Takuma , Murate Motohide , Tajima Takuya , Sakai Shota , Abe Mitsuhiro , Makino Asami , Tomishige Nario , Ishitsuka Reiko , Ikeda Yasuo , Takeoka Shinji , Kobayashi Toshihide 
Published: June 2016

Significance
Lipid membrane curvature plays important roles in various physiological phenomena. Using darkfield microscopy, we performed nonbiased screening of a protein that induces deformations of nonlabeled liposomes. We identified phospholipase Cβ1 (PLCβ1), which induces tubulation of the phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine-containing membranes. The characteristic C-terminal sequence of PLCβ1, but not the conserved inositol phospholipid-binding pleckstrin homology (PH) domain or catalytic domains of PLCβ1, is involved in the tubulation of liposomes. The C-terminal sequence is predicted to have the Bin/amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR)-like conformation by computational modeling. Our results indicate that sensing and modulation of the curvature by the C-terminal BAR-like domains is involved in the activation of PLCβ1. The present results also reveal the role of PLCβ1 in caveolae formation.