bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parabolic conformally symplectic structures I; definition and distinguished connections
Authors: Čap Andreas , Salač Tomáš 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We introduce a class of first order G-structures, each of which has an underlying almost conformally symplectic structure.
There is one such structure for each real simple Lie algebra which is not of type

C
n

{C_{n}}

and admits a contact grading.
We show that a structure of each of these types on a smooth manifold M determines a canonical compatible linear connection on the tangent bundle

TM

{\mathrm{TM}}

.
This connection is characterized by a normalization condition on its torsion.
The algebraic background for this result is proved using Kostant’s theorem on Lie algebra cohomology.
For each type, we give an explicit description of both the geometric structure and the normalization condition.
In particular, the torsion of the canonical connection naturally splits into two components, one of which is exactly the obstruction to the underlying structure being conformally symplectic.
This article is the first in a series aiming at a construction of differential complexes naturally associated to these geometric structures.
Kolaviron and Garcinia kola attenuate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats
Authors: Oyagbemi Ademola Adetokunbo , Omobowale Temitayo Olutayo , Olopade James Olukayode , Farombi Ebenezer Olatunde 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background
The Garcinia kola
seeds have been reported for its antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and also for its chemoprevention property. The use of doxorubicin as an anticancer drug has been accompanied with avalanche of side effects including cardiotoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the cardioprotective effect of Kolaviron and Garcinia kola and their mechanisms of action.

Methods
Sixty male rats (Wistar strain) were used in this study. They were divided into 6 groups (A-F) each containing 10 animals. Group A was the control. Rats in Groups B, C, D, E and F were treated with doxorubicin at the dosage of 15 mg/kg body weight i.p. Prior to this treatment, rats in groups C, D, E and F were pre-treated orally with Kolaviron at the dosage of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, and Garcinia kola 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg for 7 days, respectively.

Results
The results show that doxorubicin caused a significant increase in heart rate and prolonged QT, reduced antioxidant status, increased oxidative stress, inflammation and markers of cardiac damage which were reversed by pre-treatment with Kolaviron and Garcinia kola.

Conclusions
Overall, pre-treatment with Kolaviron or Garcinia kola caused reversal of cardiac damage, ECG alteration and oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reducing the markers of inflammation on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Uphill Quenching of Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Mattos W. S. , Totten G. E. , Canale L. C. F. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractUphill quenching is often not well understood and there are relatively few publications on the topic. Uphill quenching was originally developed by Alcoa approximately 50 years ago for aluminum alloys. It has also been referred to as “deep freezing” or “tri-cycle stress relieving.” Uphill quenching has been reported to provide residual stress reduction that may exceed 80 %. Therefore, uphill quenching is typically used to achieve dimensional stability in several critical types of aluminum parts. Uphill quenching is typically applied after quenching and before aging. The uphill quenching process consists of the immersion of the part into a cryogenic environment and after cooling is immediately followed by transferring to a hot-steam fixture to obtain a temperature gradient that maintains the mechanical properties gained with the heat treatment. When performed properly, uphill quenching results in low residual stresses and improved dimensional stability. This paper provides an overview of the uphill quenching process and its application in the heat treatment of critical aluminum alloy components such as large aerospace components.
Functional Characterization of 5-HT1BReceptor Drugs in Nonhuman Primates Using Simultaneous PET-MR
Authors: Hansen Hanne D. , Mandeville Joseph B. , Sander Christin Y. , Hooker Jacob M. , Catana Ciprian , Rosen Bruce R. , Knudsen Gitte M. 
Published: October 2017

In the present study, we used a simultaneous PET-MR experimental design to investigate the effects of functionally different compounds (agonist, partial agonist, and antagonist) on 5-HT1Breceptor (5-HT1BR) occupancy and the associated hemodynamic responses. In anesthetized male nonhuman primates (n= 3), we used positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with the radioligand [11C]AZ10419369 administered as a bolus followed by constant infusion to measure changes in 5-HT1BR occupancy. Simultaneously, we measured changes in cerebral blood volume (CBV) as a proxy of drug effects on neuronal activity. The 5-HT1BR partial agonist AZ10419369 elicited a dose-dependent biphasic hemodynamic response that was related to the 5-HT1BR occupancy. The magnitude of the response was spatially overlapping with high cerebral 5-HT1BR densities. High doses of AZ10419369 exerted an extracranial tissue vasoconstriction that was comparable to the less blood–brain barrier-permeable 5-HT1BR agonist sumatriptan. By contrast, injection of the antagonist GR127935 did not elicit significant hemodynamic responses, even at a 5-HT1BR cerebral occupancy similar to the one obtained with a high dose of AZ10419369. Given the knowledge we have of the 5-HT1BR and its function and distribution in the brain, the hemodynamic response informs us about the functionality of the given drug: changes in CBV are only produced when the receptor is stimulated by the partial agonist AZ10419369 and not by the antagonist GR127935, consistent with low basal occupancy by endogenous serotonin.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe here show that combined simultaneous positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging uniquely enables the assessment of CNS active compounds. We conducted a series of pharmacological interventions to interrogate 5-HT1Breceptor binding and function and determined blood–brain barrier passage of drugs and demonstrate target involvement. Importantly, we show how the spatial and temporal effects on brain hemodynamics provide information about pharmacologically driven downstream CNS drug effects; the brain hemodynamic response shows characteristic dose-related effects that differ depending on agonistic or antagonistic drug characteristics and on local 5-HT1Breceptor density. The technique lends itself to a comprehensivein vivoinvestigation and understanding of drugs' effects in the brain.
Reciprocal Genetics: Identifying QTL for General and Specific Combining Abilities in Hybrids Between Multiparental Populations from Two Maize (Zea maysL.) Heterotic Groups
Authors: Giraud Héloïse , Bauland Cyril , Falque Matthieu , Madur Delphine , Combes Valérie , Jamin Philippe , Monteil Cécile , Laborde Jacques , Palaffre Carine , Gaillard Antoine , Blanchard Philippe , Charcosset Alain , Moreau Laurence 
Published: October 2017

AbstractUnderstanding genetic architecture of hybrid performances is important for species showing heterosis. Giraud et al. evaluated an...Several plant and animal species of agricultural importance are commercialized as hybrids to take advantage of the heterosis phenomenon. Understanding the genetic architecture of hybrid performances is therefore of key importance. We developed two multiparental maize (Zea mays L.) populations, each corresponding to an important heterotic group (dent or flint) and comprised of six connected biparental segregating populations of inbred lines (802 and 822 lines for each group, respectively) issued from four founder lines. Instead of using “testers” to evaluate their hybrid values, segregating lines were crossed according to an incomplete factorial design to produce 951 dent–flint hybrids, evaluated for four biomass production traits in eight environments. QTL detection was carried out for the general-combining-ability (GCA) and specific-combining-ability (SCA) components of hybrid value, considering allelic effects transmitted from each founder line. In total, 42 QTL were detected across traits. We detected mostly QTL affecting GCA, 31% (41% for dry matter yield) of which also had mild effects on SCA. The small impact of dominant effects is consistent with the known differentiation between the dent and flint heterotic groups and the small percentage of hybrid variance due to SCA observed in our design (∼20% for the different traits). Furthermore, most (80%) of GCA QTL were segregating in only one of the two heterotic groups. Relative to tester-based designs, use of hybrids between two multiparental populations appears highly cost efficient to detect QTL in two heterotic groups simultaneously. This presents new prospects for selecting superior hybrid combinations with markers.
Preventive Care Use Among Justice-Involved and Non–Justice-Involved Youth
Authors: Aalsma Matthew C. , Anderson Valerie R. , Schwartz Katherine , Ouyang Fangqian , Tu Wanzhu , Rosenman Marc B. , Wiehe Sarah E. 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Youth involved in the juvenile justice system (ie, arrested youth) are at risk for health problems. Although increasing preventive care use by justice-involved youth (JIY) is 1 approach to improving their well-being, little is known about their access to and use of care. The objective of this study was to determine how rates of well-child (WC) and emergency department visits, as well as public insurance enrollment continuity, differed between youth involved in the justice system and youth who have never been in the system. We hypothesized that JIY would exhibit less frequent WC and more frequent emergency service use than non–justice-involved youth (NJIY).

METHODS:
This was a retrospective cohort study of administrative medical and criminal records of all youth (ages 12–18) enrolled in Medicaid in Marion County, Indiana, between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2011.

RESULTS:
The sample included 88 647 youth; 20 668 (23%) were involved in the justice system. JIY had lower use rates of WC visits and higher use rates of emergency services in comparison with NJIY. JIY had more and longer gaps in Medicaid coverage compared with NJIY. For all youth sampled, both preventive and emergency services use varied significantly by Medicaid enrollment continuity.

CONCLUSIONS:
JIY experience more and longer gaps in Medicaid coverage, and rely more on emergency services than NJIY. Medicaid enrollment continuity was associated with differences in WC and emergency service use among JIY, with policy implications for improving preventive care for these vulnerable youth.
Emergency Department and Hospital Use Among Adolescents With Justice System Involvement
Authors: Winkelman Tyler N.A. , Genao Inginia , Wildeman Christopher , Wang Emily A. 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVES:
Adolescents with justice system involvement have high rates of physical and behavioral health disorders and are potentially high users of costly health care services. We examined emergency department (ED) and hospital use among a national sample of adolescents with various levels of justice involvement.

METHODS:
Cross-sectional analysis using the 2009 to 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. We included adolescents aged 12 to 17 and used multivariable logistic and negative binomial regression models, adjusting for sociodemographic and health differences, to compare ED and hospital use among adolescents with and without justice involvement.

RESULTS:
Our sample included 1375 adolescents with past year arrest, 2450 with past year probation or parole, 1324 with past year juvenile detention, and 97 976 without past year justice involvement. In adjusted analyses, adolescents with any justice system involvement, compared to those without, were more likely to have used the ED (38.5%–39.5% vs 31.0%; P &lt; .001) or been hospitalized in the past 12 months (7.1%–8.8% vs 4.8%; P &lt; .01). After adjustment, adolescents with justice involvement also had more ED visits per 100 person-years (77.7–92.9 vs 62.8; P &lt; .01) and hospital nights per 100 person-years (43.3–53.7 vs 18.0; P &lt; .01). Use was highest among adolescents with justice involvement who reported fair or poor health, an illicit drug use disorder, or a mood disorder.

CONCLUSIONS:
Adolescents with justice involvement had substantially higher rates of ED and hospital use. Providing comprehensive support services to adolescents with justice involvement may improve health care use patterns and reduce health care spending.
Pobreza multidimensional y determinantes sociales de la salud. Línea de base para dos comunidades vulnerables.
Authors: Moreno-Gómez Germán Alberto , Duarte-Gómez María Beatriz , Barrientos-Gutiérrez Tonatiuh 
Published: October 2017

Introducción. Las políticas y programas del gobierno, orientados a disminuir las inequidades, tienen efectos sociales, económicos e impacto sobre las condiciones de salud; además, suelen carecer de procesos de evaluación que midan el impacto de sus intervenciones. Por lo tanto, este estudio plantea una línea de base del índice de pobreza multidimensional (IPM) en dos comunidades vulnerables, que permitirá evaluar, con posterioridad, el impacto del desarrollo en una zona franca.Materiales y métodos. El diseño del estudio fue observacional, descriptivo y transversal, a fin de establecer la línea de base de determinantes sociales de la salud, contenidos en el IPM y el efecto potencial de la intervención sobre las variables y dimensiones del IPM en dos corregimientos, antes del desarrollo de una zona franca.Resultados. Los hallazgos muestran las condiciones de vida precarias y de inequidad de las dos poblaciones, sobre todo en la dimensión educativa, los derechos de la población infantil y las condiciones de la vivienda. Las variables que mejor explican la pobreza son el analfabetismo, el rezago escolar y los pisos de tierra sobre los que es inadecuado habitar. La prevalencia de pobreza en Caimalito (80.9%) y Puerto Caldas (66.5%) supera la general de Colombia (24.8%) y de la región central (26.1%). Asimismo, la incidencia ajustada de pobreza en Caimalito (20.1%) y Puerto Caldas (18.5%) son mayores que la de Colombia (13%).Conclusión. Es necesario modificar variables del índice que no discriminen hogares pobres. La simulación de intervenciones aisladas tienen poco o ningún efecto en la reducción de la pobreza.
La autoeficacia en el post-infarto
Authors: Medina-Garzón Mauricio , Rubiano Yuriam Lida 
Published: October 2017

Introducción. Después de un infarto agudo de miocardio, los pacientes experimentan altos niveles de estrés emocional y ansiedad. Estas percepciones limitan sus comportamientos saludables.Objetivo. Determinar el nivel de autoeficacia general en pacientes post-infarto agudo de miocardio según la edad, género, estado de rehabilitación y atención en una unidad de cardiología en Girardot.Materiales y métodos. Investigación descriptiva, evaluada a través de la Escala general de autoeficacia versión ll, en una población de 149 personas entre los 35 y 65 años. Para el análisis estadístico de los resultados se utilizaron medidas estadísticas descriptivas y pruebas de correlación.Resultados. La edad de los participantes tuvo una media de 52 años. El análisis de la autoeficacia por grupo de edad evidenció incidencia mínima de la autoeficacia en el grupo de edad. Según el género, los hombres se percibieron más autoeﬁcaces que las mujeres. Además, los pacientes que no asistieron a la rehabilitación cardíaca tuvieron un nivel de autoeficacia general ligeramente mayor en comparación con los rehabilitados.Conclusiones. No hubo relación entre la edad, el género y la rehabilitación frente al nivel de autoeficacia. Estas variables dependieron de otras diferentes a las del estudio.
An unusual wooden foreign body in the face: a case report
Authors: Grade Gilberto Leal , De Almeida Roberta Dalmolin Bergoli , Reinhardt Leandro Calcagno , Torriani Marcos Antonio 
Published: October 2017

Although injuries with the presence of foreign bodies in the maxillofacial region are relatively common in urgency and emergency services, they still pose a diagnostic challenge that is related to several factors, such as type of trauma, foreign body material, patient’s level of consciousness and anatomical site involved. A third of foreign bodies in the face are not detected upon initial examination and may remain in deep tissues until they are accidentally encountered by imaging tests for other purposes or until the patient shows symptoms such as pain or swelling. This article reports a case of a 9 cm piece of wood extracted from a patient’s middle third region of the left midface after 30 days of trauma occurrence, with associated infection suggesting a clinical picture of neoplasia.
Immunohistochemical expression of pericytes and myofibroblasts in the extracellular matrix of oral actinic cheilitis and squamous cell carcinoma: a comparative study
Authors: Wanderley Flávia Godinho , Nunes Carlla Silva , Ferreira Maira Sá , Gonzalez Ana Cristina , Reis Silvia Regina Almeida , Medrado Alena Ribeiro Alves Peixoto 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to conduct a comparative analysis of oral actinic cheilitis and squamous cell carcinomas by immunohistochemical analysis.METHODS: This cross-sectional study utilizes a convenience sample obtained from the archives of an oral pathology laboratory from a higher education institution. Tissue sections from patients diagnosed with actinic cheilitis and carcinoma were immunohistochemically analyzed using monoclonal antibodies specific for smooth muscle alpha actin (SMA) and neuron-glial antigen 2 (NG2). Individual cells that stained positive for these proteins were counted in specific fields by means of histomorphometry.RESULTS: Subsequent statistical analysis revealed a higher number of NG2-positive when compared with SMA-positive cells in both lesion types (p = 0.005) and these cells were located adjacent to blood vessels. The differences between normal oral mucosa, severe dysplasia, and carcinoma specimens were statistically significant (p = 0.009; p = 0.006).CONCLUSION: These data strongly suggest that increased expression of NG2- and SMA-positive cells is associated with formation of blood capillaries, highlighting the importance of angiogenesis in tumor progression.
Training study of undergraduate dentistry students in a public institution of Espírito Santo face to medical urgencies/emergencies
Authors: Mutz Viviane Santos Alves , Cançado Renata Pittella 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and confidence of undergraduate dentistry students in clinical stage about emergency situations in a public higher education institution in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil.METHODS: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study in which a questionnaire with 12 multiple choice questions was used to evaluate the level of knowledge and confidence of dentistry students. In addition, a long answer question was used in order to describe any previous experience and treatment approaches.RESULTS: The results showed that almost all undergraduate students perform preliminary evaluation of the patient, including anamnesis (99.28%) and blood pressure assessment (94.28%), which are extremely important to avoid emergencies. Among participants, 50.71% claimed to feel confident on clinical care of patients with systemic conditions, 69.28% do not feel capable of diagnosing an urgency/emergency during clinical practice and 88.57% do not feel able to do an intervention if required. Only 20% of respondents have experienced any emergency situation.CONCLUSION: There is a clear need of better preparation of undergraduate dentistry students as well as a continuing learning on medical urgencies/emergencies, so that there is a greater knowledge and confidence to choose the correct intervention, whether during undergraduate course or in future as professional career.
Contaminação microbiológica de fios retratores: um estudo in vitro
Authors: Cumerlato Marina Lucia , Gerzson Darlene Ribeiro dos Santos , De Souza Filho Edison Maciel Nunes , Dos Santos Everton Ribeiro , Cumerlato Marina Lucia , Gerzson Alexandre Da Silveira 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVE: Dental care has been particularly concerned with sterilization of instruments and materials. In this context, the methods used for infection control are essential to ensure patients’ safety. This in vitro study aimed to test gingival retraction cords taken from factory- sealed containers for the presence of contamination. Three commercial brands of retraction cords were analyzed: Retraflex®, Pró-Retract®, and Ultrapack®.METHODS: The sample consisted of 10 1-cm segments of retraction cords of each commercial brand (n = 30). For bacterial growth analysis, 30 test tubes containing sterile brain heart infusion (BHI) as the culture medium were used. Bacterial growth was considered positive in tubes in which the BHI broth became turbid.RESULTS: Of 30 test tubes with retraction cords, six showed turbidity and were considered contaminated: three tubes with Retraflex®, one tube with Pro-Retract®, and two tubes with Ultrapack®, accounting for 20% of the total sample.CONCLUSIONS: The present findings showed that some retraction cords received from the manufacturers were contaminated with microorganisms. Thus, extra caution should be taken when using these materials, and further studies should be conducted.
Młodzi na wsi i w mieście – jakość zatrudnienia jako wymiar zróżnicowania szans zawodowych osób młodych
Authors: Jelonek Magdalena 
Published: October 2017

The article examines the differences in the quality of employment available to young people living in rural areas and cities. It argues that the latter are more likely to not only have a job, but also one of high quality. In the article, job quality is characterised using the OECD’s three dimensions: the level of remuneration, employment stability and the quality of the work environment. The survey data collected as part of Human Capital in Poland (BKL) was used to verify the assumptions. The study makes two main contributions to the literature. First, it shows that the greatest differences between urban and rural residents are associated with the superior opportunity urban dwellers have for economic advancement. Second, it identifies two key factors that moderate the relationship between place of residence and quality of employment: 1) the region (strong or weak urban centers) and 2) the level of education (higher or lower levels).
AVALIAÇÃO DE COR DE DIFERENTES MARCAS E SISTEMAS DE RESINA COMPOSTA POR ESPECTROFOTOMETRIA
Authors: Migot Indiara , Marques Ana Bárbara , Rocha Isadora , Cavalcanti Andrea , Argolo Saryta 
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: avaliar a cor de três resinas compostas de cor A2 e A3 de diferentes marcas comerciais, através da análise por espectrofotômetro VITA Easyshade® Compact. Método: Para a análise de cor, foram confeccionados 36 corpos de prova (n=6), em formato de disco, a partir de uma matriz de aço. Para cada espécime, foi realizado 5 aferições e os valores de L*, a*, b* e L*, C*, h* anotados. Resultados: Verificou-se que a cor A2 diferiu estatisticamente da fornecida pela escala vita (p<0,0001), e diferenças estatísticas entre as resinas compostas não foram observadas (p=0,56). As resinas compostas Opallis e Fill Magic de cor A3 diferiram estatisticamente da fornecida pela escala vita (p<0,0001), porém o mesmo não foi observado com a resina composta Filtek Z250 e diferenças entre as resinas compostas foram observadas (p=0,56), sendo a resina composta Opallis e Fill Magic semelhantes entre si e estatisticamente diferentes da Filtek Z250. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a maioria das resinas compostas estudadas não apresentou correspondência de cor positiva com a escala de referência VITA Easyshade® Compact, o que dificulta a execução do profissional durante procedimentos restauradores estéticos.