bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Trends in Anxiety, Depression, and Quality of Life During Different Intermittent Periods of Adjuvant Breast Cancer Chemotherapy
Authors: Zhang Jiayuan , Zhou Yuqiu , Feng Ziwei , Xu Yong , Zeng Guangchun 
Published: December 2016

Background:
Chemotherapy (CT) is an important adjuvant treatment that has been widely used for breast cancer (BC) patients. However, no research has focused on trends in emotions and quality of life (QOL) during intermittent periods between CT sessions that are critical for recovery.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to investigate longitudinal trends in anxiety, depression, and QOL during the different intermittent periods between adjuvant CT for BC.

Methods:
A longitudinal study design was adopted. Eighty-eight women undergoing CT for BC were selected using a purposive sampling method, and they completed the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Breast (FACT-B) at 5 points. A repeated-measures analysis-of-variance model was used to compare anxiety, depression, and QOL at different time points.

Results:
The results showed a significant difference in SAS (F = 187.78, P < .00), SDS (F = 263.07, P < .00), and FACT-B (F = 140.82, P < .00) scores at the 5 time points. The SAS and SDS scores were highest at T3, whereas the FACT-B score was lowest at T3.

Conclusions:
The BC patients had psychological distress during intermittent periods between adjuvant CT, as evidenced by anxiety and depression, which were highest in the third cycle. Meanwhile, QOL was lowest at the third CT cycle and highest at the first CT cycle.

Implications for Practice:
Clinical staff should focus on critical time periods during CT, particularly during the third cycle, and provide additional support to patients to ensure that CT is delivered in an optimal fashion.
Real-time Fatigue and Free-Living Physical Activity in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Cancer Survivors and Healthy Controls
Authors: Hacker Eileen Danaher , Kim Inah , Park Chang , Peters Tara 
Published: December 2016

Background:
Fatigue and physical inactivity, critical problems facing cancer survivors, impact overall health and functioning. Our group designed a novel methodology to evaluate the temporal, dynamic patterns in real-world settings.

Objective:
Using real-time technology, the temporal, dynamic relationship between real-time fatigue and free-living is described and compared in cancer survivors who were treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (n = 25) and age- and gender-matched healthy controls (n = 25).

Methods:
Subjects wore wrist actigraphs on their nondominant hand to assess free-living physical activity, measured in 1-minute epochs, over 7 days. Subjects entered real-time fatigue assessments directly into the subjective event marker of the actigraph 5 times per day. Running averages of mean 1-minute activity counts 30, 60, and 120 minutes before and after each real-time fatigue score were correlated with real-time fatigue using generalized estimating equations,

Results:
A strong inverse relationship exists between real-time fatigue and subsequent free-living physical activity. This inverse relationship suggests that increasing real-time fatigue limits subsequent physical activity (B range= −0.002 to −0.004; P < .001). No significant differences in the dynamic patterns of real-time fatigue and free-living physical activity were found between groups.

Conclusions:
To our knowledge, this is the first study to document the temporal and potentially causal relationship between real-time fatigue and free-living physical activity in real-world setting. These findings suggest that fatigue drives the subsequent physical activity and the relationship may not be bidirectional.

Implications for Practice:
Understanding the temporal, dynamic relationship may have important health implications for developing interventions to address fatigue in cancer survivors.
Effectiveness of a Natural Family Planning Service Program
Authors: Fehring Richard J. , Schneider Mary 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Purpose:
The aims of this study were to determine and compare extended use-effectiveness of an online nurse-managed fertility education service program among women (and subgroups of women) seeking to avoid pregnancy.

Study Design and Methods:
This was a 24-month prospective study of a university-based online Web site with 663 nonbreastfeeding women using an online charting system to avoid pregnancy. Participants tracked their fertility online with either cervical mucus monitoring, electronic hormonal fertility monitoring, or both fertility indicators. Unintended pregnancies were validated by professional nurses.

Results:
Participants had a mean age of 30.4 years (SD = 6.3) and mean 1.7 children (SD = 2.0). Among the 663 nonbreastfeeding participants there were 2 unintended pregnancies per 100 at 24 cycles of correct use and 15 pregnancies at 24 cycles of typical use. However, the 212 women using the electronic fertility monitor had a typical use unintended pregnancy rate of 6 at 24 cycles of use in comparison with the 118 women using cervical mucus monitoring that had a typical use pregnancy rate of 19 at 24 cycles and with the 333 women using both fertility indicators that had a pregnancy rate of 18 at 24 cycles of use.

Clinical Implications:
Use of the fertility monitor to estimate fertility among nonbreastfeeding women provides the most secure method of avoiding pregnancy.
Supporting Rural Women During Pregnancy
Authors: Evans Emily C. , Bullock Linda F.C. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to characterize nursing care provided by the research nurses from the Baby Behavioral Educational Enhancement of Pregnancy (Baby BEEP) study as they delivered a telephone social support intervention to low-income, pregnant women in the Midwestern United States.

Study Design and Methods:
This was a descriptive qualitative study that used Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relations to frame and interpret the analysis.

Results:
Research nurses from the Baby BEEP study found a novel way to reach a vulnerable population through weekly telephone interactions. Acting in several of Peplau's nursing roles, the care they provided led to a remarkable retention rate and therapeutic nurse–patient relationships. The Baby BEEP study demonstrated the provision of a well-received psychosocial support intervention that can be used to help underserved women throughout pregnancy.

Clinical Implications:
Telenursing care provided to low-income, rural women was well received and reflected the principles in Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relations. Nurses may use this type of nursing care to support women who are difficult to reach and typically experience low levels of support. This article describes the nursing care provided by the Baby BEEP nurses and provides a model for future, novel approaches to social support in a vulnerable and difficult-to-reach population.
Mothers' Weaning Practices when Infants Breastfeed for More Than One Year
Authors: Cunniff Addie , Spatz Diane 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The American Academy of Pediatrics and the World Health Organization recommend that infants receive human milk exclusively for the first 6 months of life and that breastfeeding continue beyond the first or second year of life for as long as a family deems appropriate. More infants in the United States and around the world are meeting this recommendation. As more infants breastfeed beyond the first year of life, best practices for weaning toddlers come into question. Little is known about concerns and practices of breastfeeding mothers weaning their children from feedings. Current evidence on weaning from an evolutionary, social, and practical perspective is presented. Four case exemplars are provided to illustrate complexities of weaning. Implications for practice and suggestions for future research are provided.
Functional Deficits and Aggressive Behaviors in an Inpatient Psychiatric Hospital
Authors: Jones Nicole Tuomi , McGill Amanda C. , Vogler Jason E. , Oxley Stephen 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The primary goals of compulsory, inpatient, psychiatric treatment are to decrease dangerous behaviors and help improve functioning so that a safe discharge to a less restrictive environment can be obtained. This study examined the aggression rates, levels of functioning, and treatment adherence for persons treated for schizophrenia (N = 506) compared with persons treated for borderline personality disorder (BPD) (N = 98) in an inpatient psychiatric facility. Over half of persons engaged in at least one incident of aggressive behavior during hospitalization. Differences in the types of aggression and functional deficits between these two clinical sub-groups were found. In addition, overall impairment increased the likelihood of aggressive behavior for persons diagnosed with schizophrenia, whereas irritability and social dependence increased the risk of aggression for persons diagnosed with BPD. Treatment interventions that target the improvement of these deficits may help reduce the intensity and severity of aggressive behaviors and help improve functioning and discharge readiness.
Fixation Stability Recording: How Long for Eyes with Central Vision Loss?
Authors: Tarita-Nistor Luminita , Gill Ishrat , González Esther G. , Steinbach Martin J. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Fixation examination with the MP-1 microperimeter (Nidek Technologies Srl., Vigonza, PD, Italy) determines the preferred retinal loci and fixation stability in patients with central vision loss. It is typically done for periods of 15 to 30 s as per the manual’s recommendations, which are arbitrary. In this study, we examined (1) whether fixation stability depends on the duration of recording and (2) whether fixation stability changes over time.

Methods
Raw eye-position data from 76 patients with bilateral central vision loss (mean age = 80 ± 9.6 yrs) who had fixation examination recordings with the MP-1of at least 15 s were used. Bivariate contour ellipse areas (BCEAs) were calculated and compared for intervals of 0 to 5 s, 0 to 10 s, and 0 to 15 s and for three consecutive 5-s intervals (0–5 s, 5–10 s, and 10–15 s). Ellipse’s centroid location, axes extent, and tilt angle were also evaluated for each of these intervals.

Results
BCEA worsened significantly with increasing the time of fixation recording (P < .001). Compared to the BCEA during the first 5 s of examination recording, median BCEA increased by a factor of 1.4 for the first 10 s and of 1.6 for the first 15 s of recording. However, the bivariate ellipses for the three consecutive 5-s intervals were the same in terms of area, centroid location, and axes extent, but differed significantly in tilt angle (P = .005). Fixation stability (BCEAs) results were also confirmed with an additional analysis performed on shorter sampling intervals.

Conclusions
Fixation stability deteriorates with increasing duration of the fixation recording, but when fixation is evaluated in shorter consecutive 5-s intervals, only a difference in ellipse’s tilt angle is found. These results suggest that the current recommendations for fixation stability recording with the MP-1 can be shortened to a less demanding duration.
A Framework for Health Communication Across the HIV Treatment Continuum
Authors: Babalola Stella , Van Lith Lynn M. , Mallalieu Elizabeth C. , Packman Zoe R. , Myers Emily , Ahanda Kim Seifert , Harris Emily , Gurman Tilly , Figueroa Maria-Elena 
Published: December 2016

Background:
As test and treat rolls out, effective interventions are needed to address the determinants of outcomes across the HIV treatment continuum and ensure that people infected with HIV are promptly tested, initiate treatment early, adhere to treatment, and are virally suppressed. Communication approaches offer viable options for promoting relevant behaviors across the continuum.

Conceptual Framework:
This article introduces a conceptual framework, which can guide the development of effective health communication interventions and activities that aim to impact behaviors across the HIV treatment continuum in low- and medium-income countries. The framework includes HIV testing and counseling, linkage to care, retention in pre-antiretroviral therapy and antiretroviral therapy initiation in one single-stage linkage to care and treatment, and adherence for viral suppression. The determinants of behaviors vary across the continuum and include both facilitators and barriers with communication interventions designed to focus on specific determinants presented in the model. At each stage, relevant determinants occur at the various levels of the social–ecological model: intrapersonal, interpersonal, health services, community, and policy. Effective health communication interventions have mainly relied on mHealth, interpersonal communication through service providers and peers, community support groups, and treatment supporters.

Discussion:
The conceptual framework and evidence presented highlight areas across the continuum where health communication can significantly impact treatment outcomes to reach the 90-90-90 goals by strategically addressing key behavioral determinants. As test and treat rolls out, multifaceted health communication approaches will be critical.
Potential Impact of Integrated Stigma Mitigation Interventions in Improving HIV/AIDS Service Delivery and Uptake for Key Populations in Senegal
Authors: Lyons Carrie E. , Ketende Sosthenes , Diouf Daouda , Drame Fatou M. , Liestman Benjamin , Coly Karleen , Ndour Cheikh , Turpin Gnilane , Mboup Souleymane , Diop Karim , Toure-Kane Coumba , Castor Delivette , Leye-Diouf Nafissatou , Baral Stefan 
Published: December 2016

Background:
Men who have sex with men (MSM) and female sex workers (FSW) are consistently shown to have a higher burden of HIV compared with other adults in Senegal. This study, HIV Prevention 2.0, evaluates the impact of the 3-tiered integrated stigma mitigation interventions (ISMIs) approach to optimizing HIV service delivery for key populations in Senegal.

Methods:
Baseline assessment includes a questionnaire and biological testing for HIV. A proportion of participants enrolled into a 24-month longitudinal cohort with questionnaires and biological testing every 3 months. In these preliminary analyses, ISMIs are evaluated from participants in the cohort through uptake of HIV services and implementation outcomes.

Results:
Overall, 724 MSM and 758 FSW participated in the baseline assessment. HIV prevalence is 30.2% (n = 219/724) among MSM and 5.3% (n = 40/758) among FSW. Fear of seeking health services among MSM is 17.7% (n = 128/724) at baseline, 10.5% (n = 18/172) at month 3, and 9.8% (n = 10/102) at month 6 (P < 0.004); and among FSW is 21.9% (n = 166/758) at baseline, 8.1% (n = 15/185) at month 3, and 10.7% (n = 18/168) at month 6 (P < 0.001). Overall, 63.9% (n = 62/97) of MSM and 82.5% (n = 118/143) of FSW agreed that the intervention is effective in addressing stigma; however, loss to follow-up was 41.1% among MSM and 10% among FSW.

Conclusion:
Baseline data reinforce the need for stigma mitigation interventions, combined with enhanced linkage and retention to optimize HIV treatment. Preliminary results show high levels of HIV-related risk determinants and suggest the potential utility of the ISMI to decrease perceived stigma relating to engagement in HIV prevention, treatment, and care services among key populations in Senegal.
Health Communication and the HIV Continuum of Care
Authors: Vermund Sten H. , Mallalieu Elizabeth C. , Van Lith Lynn M. , Struthers Helen E. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract:
Health communication is a broad term that applies to the fundamental need for practitioners, policy makers, patients, and community members to understand one another around health promotion and health care issues. Whether in a consultation between nurse and patient, a health clinic director's engagement with the health ministry, or a community campaign for encouraging HIV testing, all have critical health communication elements. When people's needs are not perceived by them to be addressed or clients/patients do not understand what is being communicated, they are unmotivated to engage. Health communication may be deployed at multiple levels to encourage positive behavior change and affect HIV treatment outcomes. As countries move to treatment for all as soon as possible after testing, health communication can help address significant losses at each stage of the HIV continuum of care, thereby contributing to achieving the 90-90-90 global treatment goals. This JAIDS supplement presents compelling studies that are anchored on the health communication exigencies in highly diverse HIV and AIDS contexts in low and middle income settings. Our special focus is health communication needs and challenges within the HIV continuum of care. We introduce the supplement with thumbnails summaries of the work presented by an experienced array of public health, behavioral, and clinical scientists.
Measuring quality of life in advanced heart failure
Authors: MacIver Jane , Wentlandt Kirsten , Ross Heather J. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose of review
Patients with Stage D heart failure can benefit from palliative care consultation to help them manage unpleasant symptoms and improve quality of life. Although guidelines describe how to manage symptoms, very little direction is provided on how to evaluate the effectiveness of those interventions.

Recent findings
Numerous studies have used the measurement of symptoms, emotional distress, functional capacity and quality of life to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in heart failure. There is limited evidence on the use of these instruments in heart failure palliative care. Four studies were identified that evaluate the effectiveness of palliative care consultation for patients with advanced heart failure. All four studies measured symptom severity, emotional distress, and quality of life. The application of appropriate instruments is discussed. Suggestions for scores that should trigger palliative care consultation are identified.

Summary
The routine administration of standardized instruments to measure symptom severity and quality of life may improve the assessment and management of patients with Stage D heart failure. Ongoing discussion and research is needed to determine if these instruments are the best tools to use with heart failure palliative care patients.
The gyrator for transforming nano memristor into meminductor
Authors: Wang Shao-Fu 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
To solve the problem of meminductor in circuit design, this paper aims to describe a synthesis method and the mechanism in terms of constitutive relation of the gyrator for transforming nano memristor into meminductor.

Design/methodology/approach
The gyrator was designed to achieve memristor-meminductor transformation by using amplifiers and memristor.

Findings
The simulation results verify the flexibility of its operation.

Originality/value
This gyrator can be used in integrated circuit design such as filter, diplexer, and it has a simple and economical implementation.
An investigation of tin whisker growth over a 32-year period
Authors: Ashworth Mark Andrew , Dunn Barrie 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to present the results of a 32-year-old laboratory study of whisker growth from tin electrodeposits that was originally undertaken to gain an increased understanding of the phenomenon of tin whisker growth.

Design/methodology/approach
Whisker growth was evaluated using electroplated C-rings (both stressed and un-stressed) that were stored throughout in a desiccator at room temperature. Analysis has recently been undertaken to evaluate whisker growth and intermetallic growth after 32 years of storage. Scanning electron microscopy analysis has been performed to investigate whisker length and, using polished cross-sections, the morphology, thickness and type of intermetallic formation.

Findings
Normal tin-plated deposits on brass and steel with a copper barrier layer nucleated whiskers within five months, and in each case, these grew to lengths between 1 and 4.5 mm. For normal tin electroplated onto brass, a one- or two-month nucleation period was needed before whiskers developed. They reached a maximum length of about 1.5 mm after six months, and little or no further growth occurred during the subsequent 32 years. Very few whiskers grew on the tin-plated steel samples and no intermetallic formation was observed. None of the fused tin plating samples nucleated whiskers during the 32-year period.

Practical implications
Knowledge about vintage whiskers is important to take steps to increase the resiliency of space missions. Similarly, such knowledge is important to engineers engaged in products reaching their nominal end-of-life, but where, for reasons of economy, these products cannot be replaced.

Originality/value
This study represents a unique insight into whisker growth and intermetallic formation over an extremely long time period.
An unbiased GM(1,1)-based new hybrid approach for time series forecasting
Authors: Rathnayaka R.M. Kapila Tharanga , Seneviratna D.M.K.N. , Jianguo Wei , Arumawadu Hasitha Indika 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The time series forecasting is an essential methodology which can be used for analysing time series data in order to extract meaningful statistics based on the information obtained from past and present. These modelling approaches are particularly complicated when the available resources are limited as well as anomalous. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new hybrid forecasting approach based on unbiased GM(1,1) and artificial neural network (UBGM_BPNN) to forecast time series patterns to predict future behaviours. The empirical investigation was conducted by using daily share prices in Colombo Stock Exchange, Sri Lanka.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology of this study is running under three main phases as follows. In the first phase, traditional grey operational mechanisms, namely, GM(1,1), unbiased GM(1,1) and nonlinear grey Bernoulli model, are used. In the second phase, the new proposed hybrid approach, namely, UBGM_BPNN was implemented successfully for forecasting short-term predictions under high volatility. In the last stage, to pick out the most suitable model for forecasting with a limited number of observations, three model-accuracy standards were employed. They are mean absolute deviation, mean absolute percentage error and root-mean-square error.

Findings
The empirical results disclosed that the UNBG_BPNN model gives the minimum error accuracies in both training and testing stages. Furthermore, results indicated that UNBG_BPNN affords the best simulation result than other selected models.

Practical implications
The authors strongly believe that this study will provide significant contributions to domestic and international policy makers as well as government to open up a new direction to develop investments in the future.

Originality/value
The new proposed UBGM_BPNN hybrid forecasting methodology is better to handle incomplete, noisy, and uncertain data in both model building and ex post testing stages.