bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relación entre deterioro cognoscitivo y actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria: Estudio SABE-Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Borda Miguel Germán , Ruíz de Sánchez Carolina , Gutiérrez Santiago , Samper-Ternent Rafael , Cano-Gutiérrez Carlos 
Published: December 2016

Introducción: En la vejez, el declinar en las Actividades Instrumentales de la Vida Diaria (AIVD), se relaciona con deterioro cognoscitivo; sin embargo, no todas ellas se ven alteradas, en especial al inicio de la enfermedad. Por lo tanto la identificación de estas actividades podría ayudar a obtener diagnósticos más tempranos y precisos.
Objetivo: identificar las actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria (AIVD) que más se asocian con deterioro cognoscitivo en los adultos mayores.
Materiales y métodos: se analizaron datos del estudio SABE Bogotá (2012), donde se entrevistó a 2.000 adultos mayores (?60 años) en un estudio transversal, se recolectó una muestra probabilística por conglomerados, con una cobertura del 81.9%. En la recolección de los datos se utilizaron: el instrumento minimental modificado (MMSE-M) y t actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria. Se realizaron análisis bivariados y multivariados con modelos de regresión logística para hallar asociaciones estadísticamente significativas (p<0.05).
Resultados: Las AIVD con mayor asociación fueron: no poder: “usar el teléfono” OR 5.007 (IC 95% 3.01-8.32), “manejar su propio dinero” OR 2.58 (IC 95% 1.57-4.23), “preparar su propia comida solo” OR 1.83 (IC 95% 1.11-3.02), “tomar sus propios medicamentos” OR 1.83 (IC 95% 1.06-3.02), y “hacer trabajo pesado en casa como lavar el piso o las paredes” OR 1.696 (IC 1.075-2.75).
Conclusión: las actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria más asociadas con el deterioro cognoscitivo fueron las que requerían mayor capacidad de abstracción y planeación. Esta información puede ser de utilidad al clínico durante el interrogatorio hecho a los pacientes para optimizar el tiempo en la consulta, sospechar el deterioro cognoscitivo e indicar estudios diagnósticos para un tratamiento oportuno.
Espectro de neuromielitis óptica en Colombia, primera caracterización clínico imagenológica en tres centros de Bogotá
Authors: Reyes Marco Aurelio , Navas Granados Ángela Viviana , Ramírez Sergio Francisco 
Published: December 2016

Introducción: La neuromielitis óptica, es un síndrome clínico caracterizado por la asociación de mielitis transversa y neuritis óptica, hoy en día es reconocida como una enfermedad cuya fisiopatología, clínica, hallazgos en imágenes diagnósticas de laboratorio y tratamiento son específicos.
Objetivo: describir las características clínicas, métodos diagnósticos y tratamiento de los pacientes con neuromielitis óptica (NMO) en tres centros asistenciales de cuarto nivel de la ciudad de Bogotá.
Materiales y métodos: Diseño: se realizó un estudio de tipo serie de casos. Participantes: se incluyeron casos consecutivos de pacientes de cualquier género, entre los 19 y los 48 años, clasificados en dos grupos según los criterios del Consenso Internacional para el Diagnóstico de Neuromielitis óptica 2015, NMOSD con AQP4-IgG positivos, y NMOSD con AQP4-IgG negativos. Los pacientes fueron reclutados en tres centros hospitalarios, desde junio de 2013 a mayo de 2015. Análisis estadístico: la descripción de las variables se realizó por frecuencias absolutas y relativas, los análisis se realizaron en el paquete estadístico STATA 13®.
Resultados: participaron 22 pacientes, con una edad mediana de 36 años, la mayoría mujeres, la mediana de inicio de síntomas fue de 31 años (RIC 24-39). La técnica para el diagnóstico más utilizada fue IFI, la clínica más frecuente del evento inicial fue mielitis y de neuritis óptica en las recaídas posteriores, la mitad de los pacientes presentaron dos o menos eventos, ningún paciente cumplió criterios para otra enfermedad sistémica. Se observaron escalas de discapacidad mas altas en el grupo con AQP4 positivos, y mas bajas en los que recibieron corticoide al inicio.
Discusión y conclusiones: esta caracterización constituye la primera descripción de esta enfermedad en Colombia, nuestros hallazgos son similares a los obtenidos en otras poblaciones, algunos datos relevantes requieren más estudios.
Mechanomyographic amplitude tracks fatigue-induced changes in mean power, but not moment production
Authors: Hill Ethan C. , Housh Terry J. , Smith Cory M. , Schmidt Richard J. , Johnson Glen O. 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND: It has been hypothesized [1] that the amplitude of the mechanomyographic (MMG) signal should track mean power output (MP) during dynamic muscle actions. Bodor's hypothesis has been supported in studies of non-fatigued muscles where MMG amplitude was shown to track velocity-related changes in MP, but not moment production, during concentric and eccentric muscle actions. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to further test the hypothesis of Bodor [1] by examining the patterns of MMG amplitude responses during a fatiguing workbout that included repetitions that were characterized by constant moment production, but decreasing MP. METHODS: Eleven subjects performed 50 submaximal (65% of peak moment), concentric, isokinetic, forearm flexion repetitions at 60°/s. Polynomial regression analyses were used to examine the composite patterns of responses for moment, MP, and MMG amplitude from the biceps brachii across the fatiguing workbout. RESULTS: There were linear decreases across the repetitions for MP(r = 0.93) and MMG amplitude (r= 0.70), but no change in moment production. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings extend the hypothesis of Bodor [1] to the process of fatigue and suggested that MMG amplitude may be useful for monitoring decreases in MP during submaximal, fatiguing workbout where moment production is maintained.
Effect of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy on maternal serum screening tests
Authors: Türkmen G.G. , Timur H. , Yilmaz Z. , Kirbas A. , Daglar K. , Tokmak A. , Uygur D. , Danişman N. 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether the changes in the first and second trimester maternal serum biochemical markers used for prenatal screening are associated with euploid pregnancies complicated by intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). METHODS: A total of 94 pregnant women were included in this retrospective comparative study. Thirty-seven women whose pregnancy was complicated with ICP constituted the study group whereas 57 of them constituted the control group. All hospital records were examined in terms of combined first trimester screening test and second trimester triple test parameters. Perinatal outcomes were also recorded. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed between the two groups in term of age, BMI, and obstetric history (all p > 0.05). Mean serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum bile acid concentrations in the study group were significantly higher than in the controls ( p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of first and second trimester serum biochemical markers. Newborn gender, route of birth, and NICU admission rates were also similar in the two groups. Mean birth weight of the control group was statistically significantly higher than the ICP group ( p = 0.012). CONCLUSION: We report no significant differences between pregnancies complicated by ICP and healthy pregnancies in terms of first and second trimester maternal serum screening test results.
Challenges, successes and opportunities for reducing readmissions in a referral-based children’s hospital NICU
Authors: Bapat R. , McClead R. , Shepherd E. , Ryshen G. , Bartman T. 
Published: December 2016

AIM: To evaluate readmission data in a level IV neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to identify patient characteristics and process failures which serve as drivers for readmission. METHODS: Our center is a primary referral center in Central and Southeast Ohio, providing us a unique opportunity to evaluate readmissions. We studied our current discharge process, caregiver perception of discharge readiness, parental comfort and the pre-discharge and post-discharge characteristics of infants. RESULTS: Our readmission rate during the 4 year period has remained stable at 9.8%. 74% of the caregivers rated that their perception of their baby’s medical readiness for discharge was good to excellent. Duration of hospitalization and public insurance coverage (Medicaid) were significant risk factors for readmission ( p = 0.00). In our setting, the majority of the patients are readmitted through the emergency department and nearly half of all readmissions were for 3 or fewer days. Patients discharged from our Comprehensive Center for BPD had similar readmission rate despite characteristics which should increase their readmission rate. CONCLUSIONS: Readmission rate is a poor indicator of the quality of care provided in the NICU. In addition to patient factors such as longer length of stay and Medicaid, our data suggests that preventing readmission depends on having systems in place to help families cope with transition of care after discharge.
The effects of thyroid function on retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Korkmaz Levent , Baştuğ Osman , Daar Ghaniya , Korkut Sabriye , Özdemir Ahmet , Adnan Öztürk Mehmet , Güneş Tamer , Kurtoğlu Selim 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVES: To assess whether TSH and fT4 have a role in the angiogenesis of vaso-obliteration and neovascularization which are the basic pathophysiology of ROP. METHODS: In this retrospective case-control study, the control group ( n = 56) included preterm newborns with risk for ROP while the laser group ( n = 63) was recruited from cases who developed severe neovascularization and needed laser photocoagulation therapy. Considering the first (vaso-obliteration) and second (neovascularization) phases of the disease, in this study we researched the distribution of thyroid function tests between groups. RESULTS: With regard to the first phase of the disease, TSH and fT4 showed no significant differences between the control and laser groups accordingly ( P > 0.05). Likewise, in the second phase of ROP, there was no significant difference between the control and laser groups with respect to TSH and fT4 levels ( P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: We found that between the study groups, the levels of thyroid function tests did not have any significant differences, either in the first or the second phases of ROP which are the principal pathophysiology of the disease. Therefore, it was concluded that thyroid hormone values were not informative markers in the course of the disease in preterm babies at risk of developing ROP.
EXOPLANETARY DETECTION BY MULTIFRACTAL SPECTRAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Agarwal Sahil , Sordo Fabio Del , Wettlaufer John S. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Owing to technological advances, the number of exoplanets discovered has risen dramatically in the last few years. However, when trying to observe Earth analogs, it is often difficult to test the veracity of detection. We have developed a new approach to the analysis of exoplanetary spectral observations based on temporal multifractality, which identifies timescales that characterize planetary orbital motion around the host star and those that arise from stellar features such as spots. Without fitting stellar models to spectral data, we show how the planetary signal can be robustly detected from noisy data using noise amplitude as a source of information. For observation of transiting planets, combining this method with simple geometry allows us to relate the timescales obtained to primary and secondary eclipse of the exoplanets. Making use of data obtained with ground-based and space-based observations we have tested our approach on HD 189733b. Moreover, we have investigated the use of this technique in measuring planetary orbital motion via Doppler shift detection. Finally, we have analyzed synthetic spectra obtained using the SOAP 2.0 tool, which simulates a stellar spectrum and the influence of the presence of a planet or a spot on that spectrum over one orbital period. We have demonstrated that, so long as the signal-to-noise-ratio ≥ 75, our approach reconstructs the planetary orbital period, as well as the rotation period of a spot on the stellar surface.
AN EXPLORATION OF THE STATISTICAL SIGNATURES OF STELLAR FEEDBACK
Authors: Boyden Ryan D. , Koch Eric W. , Rosolowsky Erik W. , Offner Stella S. R. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
All molecular clouds are observed to be turbulent, but the origin, means of sustenance, and evolution of the turbulence remain debated. One possibility is that stellar feedback injects enough energy into the cloud to drive observed motions on parsec scales. Recent numerical studies of molecular clouds have found that feedback from stars, such as protostellar outflows and winds, injects energy and impacts turbulence. We expand upon these studies by analyzing magnetohydrodynamic simulations of molecular clouds, including stellar winds, with a range of stellar mass-loss rates and magnetic field strengths. We generate synthetic 12CO(1–0) maps assuming that the simulations are at the distance of the nearby Perseus molecular cloud. By comparing the outputs from different initial conditions and evolutionary times, we identify differences in the synthetic observations and characterize these using common astrostatistics. We quantify the different statistical responses using a variety of metrics proposed in the literature. We find that multiple astrostatistics, including the principal component analysis, the spectral correlation function, and the velocity coordinate spectrum (VCS), are sensitive to changes in stellar mass-loss rates and/or time evolution. A few statistics, including the Cramer statistic and VCS, are sensitive to the magnetic field strength. These findings demonstrate that stellar feedback influences molecular cloud turbulence and can be identified and quantified observationally using such statistics.
HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE PROPER MOTIONS OF INDIVIDUAL STARS IN STELLAR STREAMS: ORPHAN, SAGITTARIUS, LETHE, AND THE NEW “PARALLEL STREAM”
Authors: Sohn Sangmo Tony , van der Marel Roeland P. , Kallivayalil Nitya , Majewski Steven R. , Besla Gurtina , Carlin Jeffrey L. , Law David R. , Siegel Michael H. , Anderson Jay 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We present a multi-epoch Hubble Space Telescope (HST) study of stellar proper motions (PMs) for four fields along the Orphan Stream. We determine absolute PMs of several individual stars per target field using established techniques that utilize distant background galaxies to define a stationary reference frame. Five Orphan Stream stars are identified in one of the four fields based on combined color–magnitude and PM information. The average PM is consistent with the existing model of the Orphan Stream by Newberg et al. In addition to the Orphan Stream stars, we detect stars that likely belong to other stellar streams. To identify which stellar streams these stars belong to, we examine the 2d bulk motion of each group of stars on the sky by subtracting the PM contribution of the solar motion (which is a function of position on the sky and distance) from the observed PMs, and comparing the vector of net motion with the spatial extent of known stellar streams. By doing this, we identify candidate stars in the Sagittarius and Lethe streams, and a newly found stellar stream at a distance of ∼17 kpc, which we tentatively name the “Parallel Stream.” Together with our Sagittarius stream study, this work demonstrates that even in the Gaia era, HST will continue to be advantageous in measuring PMs of old stellar populations on a star-by-star basis, especially for distances beyond ∼10 kpc.
COMMON ORIGIN OF TWO RR LYRAE POPULATIONS AND THE DOUBLE RED CLUMP IN THE MILKY WAY BULGE
Authors: Lee Young-Wook , Jang Sohee 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
A recent survey looking toward the Milky Way bulge has discovered two sequences of RR Lyrae stars on the period–amplitude diagram with a maximum period-shift of

P ≈ 0.015 between the two populations. Here we show, from our synthetic horizontal-branch models, that this period-shift is most likely due to the small difference in helium abundance (ΔY = 0.012) between the first- and second-generation stars (G1 and G2), as is the case in our models for the inner halo globular clusters with similar metallicity ([Fe/H] ≈ −1.1). We further show that the observed double red clump (RC) in the bulge is naturally reproduced when these models are extended to solar metallicity following ΔY/ΔZ ≈ 6 for G2, as would be expected from the chemical evolution models. Therefore, the two populations of RR Lyrae stars and the double RC observed in the bulge appear to be different manifestations of the same multiple population phenomenon in the metal-poor and metal-rich regimes, respectively.
MODEL-INDEPENDENT ESTIMATIONS FOR THE CURVATURE FROM STANDARD CANDLES AND CLOCKS
Authors: Li Zhengxiang , Wang Guo-Jian , Liao Kai , Zhu Zong-Hong 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Model-independent estimations for the spatial curvature of the universe not only provide a test for the fundamental assumption of the Copernican principle, but also can effectively break the degeneracy between curvature and dark-energy properties. In this paper, we propose to achieve model-independent constraints on the spatial curvature from observations of standard candles and standard clocks, without assuming any fiducial cosmology or other priors. We find that, for the popular Union2.1 observations of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), the spatial curvature is constrained to be

. For the latest joint light-curve analysis of SNe Ia observations, we obtain

. It is suggested that these results are in excellent agreement with a spatially flat universe. Moreover, compared to other approaches aiming for model-independent estimations of spatial curvature, this method also achieves constraints with competitive precision.
HCO+ DETECTION OF DUST-DEPLETED GAS IN THE INNER HOLE OF THE LkCa 15 PRE-TRANSITIONAL DISK
Authors: Drabek-Maunder E. , Mohanty S. , Greaves J. , Kamp I. , Meijerink R. , Spaans M. , Thi W.-F. , Woitke P. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
LkCa 15 is an extensively studied star in the Taurus region, known for its pre-transitional disk with a large inner cavity in the dust continuum and normal gas accretion rate. The most popular hypothesis to explain the LkCa 15 data invokes one or more planets to carve out the inner cavity, while gas continues to flow across the gap from the outer disk onto the central star. We present spatially unresolved HCO+

observations of the LkCa 15 disk from the James Clerk Maxwell telescope (JCMT) and model the data with the ProDiMo code. We find that: (1) HCO+ line-wings are clearly detected, certifying the presence of gas in the cavity within ≲50 au of the star. (2) Reproducing the observed line-wing flux requires both a significant suppression of cavity dust (by a factor ≳104 compared to the interstellar medium (ISM)) and a substantial increase in the gas scale-height within the cavity (H
0/R
0 ∼ 0.6). An ISM dust-to-gas ratio (d:g = 10−2) yields too little line-wing flux, regardless of the scale-height or cavity gas geometry, while a smaller scale-height also under-predicts the flux even with a reduced d:g. (3) The cavity gas mass is consistent with the surface density profile of the outer disk extended inwards to the sublimation radius (corresponding to mass M

d
∼ 0.03 M
⊙), and masses lower by a factor ≳10 appear to be ruled out.
Naître, grandir, vieillir avec un handicap
Authors: Ciccone Albert 
Published: December 2016

L’identité suppose l’altérité, elle se déploie en même temps que l’expérience de l’altérité se constitue. L’altérité peut s’imposer de manière traumatique, ce qui affectera la construction de l’identité. Les modifications internes et externes font évoluer l’identité ; elles peuvent s’imposer de manière traumatique. Les identifications aussi font évoluer l’identité ; les identifications introjectives produisent de l’identité, l’enrichissent, les identifications projectives aliènent. Le traumatisme pousse à user d’identifications projectives pour se réfugier dans une fausse identité. L’identité suppose des expériences de continuité ; les discontinuités poussent à fabriquer défensivement de la continuité. Le handicap figure une expérience d’altérité imposée brutalement, au-dehors et au-dedans. Expérience traumatique car brutale, solitaire, faisant vivre une perte de sens, une perte de confiance dans le monde et dans les potentialités créatrices. La révélation ou nomination du handicap peut aussi être traumatique. Dans les situations traumatiques des mesures de survie peuvent être utilisées (oubli, gel des affects, répétition…). Le sujet peut utiliser une expérience traumatique connue pour donner une forme et un sens à l’expérience traumatique nouvelle. Il peut aussi utiliser des scènes traumatiques externes pour métaphoriser les traumatismes propres. Enfin les ruptures externes peuvent se télescoper avec des ruptures internes, ou mettre à l’épreuve les sutures internes. Le handicap peut représenter une telle rupture interne tout comme sa suture, et figure potentiellement une telle situation de mise à l’épreuve des sutures internes par les ruptures externes.
Naître, grandir, vieillir avec un handicap
Authors: Oppenheim Daniel 
Published: December 2016

Passer de l’oncologie pédiatrique à des services d’adultes est une épreuve pour les adolescents. Ces difficultés découlent de leur situation médicale, des caractéristiques des services d’adultes, mais aussi de leur expérience (et celle de leurs parents) de la maladie et des traitements précédents, et des traces (pas seulement des séquelles) qu’ils ont laissées. Cette expérience leur a fait réévaluer leurs points d’appui, leurs repères identitaires, leur relation à leur famille. Maintenant ils commencent à penser à leurs choix de vie (sexuels, familiaux, professionnels, etc.). Chez certains, le cancer a fait resurgir la mémoire d’autres épreuves que leurs parents ou leurs grands-parents ont traversées (guerres, émigration, etc.). Ceux-ci ont, en plus, à se déprendre de leurs effets traumatiques pour avancer dans leur vie. Nous comparons aussi l’expérience du cancer (maladie grave) à la cécité (handicap sévère) pour discuter de leurs points communs et de leurs différences. Pour aider les jeunes adultes à se confronter à leur nouvelle situation, les « psys » et les soignants doivent prendre en compte tous ces éléments.
Naître, grandir, vieillir avec un handicap
Authors: Talpin Jean-Marc 
Published: December 2016

L’entrée d’un membre du couple dans la maladie d’Alzheimer et le développement de celle-ci font apparaître des enjeux de dépendance dans le couple. Il s’agit ici de distinguer ce qui est de l’ordre de l’actuel et ce qui est de l’ordre de la mise à jour des dépendances anciennes du couple. En somme, la maladie d’Alzheimer rend manifestes des enjeux latents de la dépendance présente dans tout couple, sous diverses modalités. Après avoir questionné ce qui est en jeu dans la création d’un couple, il s’agira d’examiner la dynamique de la dépendance lors de l’annonce du diagnostic puis lors de l’apparition de différents symptômes. Soit le couple s’inscrit dans la continuité de son fonctionnement, parfois en reversant la dépendance, soit il traverse une crise qui peut se solder par une rupture : la dépendance de l’âgé malade est alors confiée à une institution.