bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depressive Symptoms in Patients Scheduled for Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy With Cytoreductive Surgery: Prospective Associations With Morbidity and Mortality
Authors: Low Carissa A. , Bovbjerg Dana H. , Ahrendt Steven , Alhelo Sara , Choudry Haroon , Holtzman Matthew , Jones Heather L. , Pingpank James F. , Ramalingam Lekshmi , Zeh Herbert J. , Zureikat Amer H. , Bartlett David L. 
Published: February 2016

Purpose The current study examined prospective relationships between preoperative depressive symptoms and short-term (30-day morbidity and readmission) and long-term (overall survival) outcomes after hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with cytoreductive surgery (HIPEC + CS). Methods Ninety-eight patients scheduled for HIPEC + CS completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies–Depression (CES-D) scale before surgery. Demographic and disease-specific factors and information about morbidity and readmission within 30 days after discharge were gathered from medical records. Survival was measured from date of surgery to death. Results Twenty-eight percent of patients had CES-D scores indicative of clinically significant depressive symptoms. Thirty-day morbidity occurred in 31.9% of patients and readmission in 22.2%. At the time of analysis (median follow-up of 49 months), 71.6% of patients were deceased, with median survival time of 11 months for those who died. After adjusting for relevant preoperative demographic and disease-specific factors, depressive symptoms were associated with greater odds of 30-day morbidity (n = 68; odds ratio, 5.50; 95% CI, 1.23 to 24.73; P = .03) and greater likelihood of 30-day readmission (n = 72; odds ratio, 5.92; 95% CI, 1.27 to 27.64; P = .02). Depressive symptoms were associated with shorter survival after adjustment for preoperative demographic and disease-specific factors (n = 87; hazard ratio, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.07 to 3.31; P = .03). This association was no longer significant when intraoperative/postoperative prognostic variables were added to the statistical model (n = 87; hazard ratio, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.72 to 2.37; P = .37). Conclusion Patients with clinically significant levels of preoperative depressive symptoms are at risk for poor clinical outcomes after HIPEC + CS, including greater risk of 30-day morbidity and readmission. Further research is warranted to determine biobehavioral mechanisms and examine whether effective interventions targeting preoperative depressive symptoms can reduce postoperative risk in this patient population.
Trial Design and Objectives for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Updated Recommendations From the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group 3
Authors: Scher Howard I. , Morris Michael J. , Stadler Walter M. , Higano Celestia , Basch Ethan , Fizazi Karim , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Beer Tomasz M. , Carducci Michael A. , Chi Kim N. , Corn Paul G. , de Bono Johann S. , Dreicer Robert , George Daniel J. , Heath Elisabeth I. , Hussain Maha , Kelly Wm. Kevin , Liu Glenn , Logothetis Christopher , Nanus David , Stein Mark N. , Rathkopf Dana E. , Slovin Susan F. , Ryan Charles J. , Sartor Oliver , Small Eric J. , Smith Matthew Raymond , Sternberg Cora N. , Taplin Mary-Ellen , Wilding George , Nelson Peter S. , Schwartz Lawrence H. , Halabi Susan , Kantoff Philip W. , Armstrong Andrew J. 
Published: February 2016

Purpose Evolving treatments, disease phenotypes, and biology, together with a changing drug development environment, have created the need to revise castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) clinical trial recommendations to succeed those from prior Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Groups. Methods An international expert committee of prostate cancer clinical investigators (the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group 3 [PCWG3]) was reconvened and expanded and met in 2012-2015 to formulate updated criteria on the basis of emerging trial data and validation studies of the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group 2 recommendations. Results PCWG3 recommends that baseline patient assessment include tumor histology, detailed records of prior systemic treatments and responses, and a detailed reporting of disease subtypes based on an anatomic pattern of metastatic spread. New recommendations for trial outcome measures include the time to event end point of symptomatic skeletal events, as well as time to first metastasis and time to progression for trials in the nonmetastatic CRPC state. PCWG3 introduces the concept of no longer clinically benefiting to underscore the distinction between first evidence of progression and the clinical need to terminate or change treatment, and the importance of documenting progression in existing lesions as distinct from the development of new lesions. Serial biologic profiling using tumor samples from biopsies, blood-based diagnostics, and/or imaging is also recommended to gain insight into mechanisms of resistance and to identify predictive biomarkers of sensitivity for use in prospective trials. Conclusion PCWG3 moves drug development closer to unmet needs in clinical practice by focusing on disease manifestations most likely to affect prognosis adversely for therapeutics tested in both nonmetastatic and metastatic CRPC populations. Consultation with regulatory authorities is recommended if a trial is intended to seek support for drug approval.
Associations Between Serum Vitamin D and Adverse Pathology in Men Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Nyame Yaw A. , Murphy Adam B. , Bowen Diana K. , Jordan Gregory , Batai Ken , Dixon Michael , Hollowell Courtney M.P. , Kielb Stephanie , Meeks Joshua J. , Gann Peter H. , Macias Virgilia , Kajdacsy-Balla Andre , Catalona William J. , Kittles Rick 
Published: February 2016

Purpose Lower serum vitamin D levels have been associated with an increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer. Among men with localized prostate cancer, especially with low- or intermediate-risk disease, vitamin D may serve as an important biomarker of disease aggression. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between adverse pathology at the time of radical prostatectomy and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH D) levels. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out from 2009 to 2014, nested within a large epidemiologic study of 1,760 healthy controls and men undergoing prostate cancer screening. In total, 190 men underwent radical prostatectomy in the cohort. Adverse pathology was defined as the presence of primary Gleason 4 or any Gleason 5 disease, or extraprostatic extension. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the relationship between 25-OH D and adverse pathology at the time of prostatectomy. Results Eighty-seven men (45.8%) in this cohort demonstrated adverse pathology at radical prostatectomy. The median age in the cohort was 64.0 years (interquartile range, 59.0 to 67.0). On univariate analysis, men with adverse pathology at radical prostatectomy demonstrated lower median serum 25-OH D (22.7 v 27.0 ng/mL, P = .007) compared with their counterparts. On multivariate analysis, controlling for age, serum prostate specific antigen, and abnormal digital rectal examination, serum 25-OH D less than 30 ng/mL was associated with increased odds of adverse pathology (odds ratio, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.25 to 5.59; P = .01). Conclusion Insufficiency/deficiency of serum 25-OH D is associated with increased odds of adverse pathology in men with localized disease undergoing radical prostatectomy. Serum 25-OH D may serve as a useful biomarker in prostate cancer aggressiveness, which deserves continued study.
Finding Rumor Sources on Random Trees
Authors: Shah Devavrat , Zaman Tauhid 
Published: February 2016

We consider the problem of detecting the source of a rumor which has spread in a network using only observations about which set of nodes are infected with the rumor and with no information as to when these nodes became infected. In a recent work ( Shah and Zaman 2010 ), this rumor source detection problem was introduced and studied. The authors proposed the graph score function rumor centrality as an estimator for detecting the source. They establish it to be the maximum likelihood estimator with respect to the popular Susceptible Infected (SI) model with exponential spreading times for regular trees. They showed that as the size of the infected graph increases, for a path graph (2-regular tree), the probability of source detection goes to 0 and for d-regular trees with d ≥ 3 the probability of detection, say αd, remains bounded away from 0 and is less than 1/2. However, their results stop short of providing insights for the performance of the rumor centrality estimator in more general settings such as irregular trees or the SI model with nonexponential spreading times. This paper overcomes this limitation and establishes the effectiveness of rumor centrality for source detection for generic random trees and the SI model with a generic spreading time distribution. The key result is an interesting connection between a continuous time branching process and the effectiveness of rumor centrality. Through this, it is possible to quantify the detection probability precisely. As a consequence, we recover all previous results as a special case and obtain a variety of novel results including the universality of rumor centrality in the context of tree-like graphs and the SI model with a generic spreading time distribution.
Supply Chain Management with Online Customer Selection
Authors: Elmachtoub Adam N. , Levi Retsef 
Published: February 2016

We consider new online variants of supply chain management models, where in addition to production decisions, one also has to actively decide on which customers to serve. Specifically, customers arrive sequentially during a selection phase, and one has to decide whether to accept or reject each customer upon arrival. If a customer is rejected, then a lost-sales cost is incurred. Once the selection decisions are all made, one has to satisfy all the accepted customers with minimum possible production cost. The goal is to minimize the total cost of lost sales and production. A key feature of the model is that customers arrive in an online manner, and the decision maker does not require any information about future arrivals. We provide two novel algorithms for online customer selection problems, which are based on repeatedly solving offline subproblems that ignore previously made decisions. For many important settings, our algorithms achieve small constant competitive ratio guarantees. That is, for any sequence of arriving customers, the cost incurred by the online algorithm is within a fixed constant factor of the cost incurred by the respective optimal solution that has full knowledge upfront on the sequence of arriving customers. Finally, we provide a computational study on the performance of these algorithms when applied to the economic lot sizing and joint replenishment problems with online customer selection.
Targeted exercise interventions in improving injuries, flexibility and strength in female dragon boat paddlers
Authors: Broadbent Suzanne , Coutts Roseanne , Coetzee Sonja 
Published: February 2016

Background/Aims: Dragon boat racing is an increasingly popular sport across the age continuum but there is little research about paddling-related injuries and appropriate rehabilitation exercises. The purpose of this study was to determine whether individualised strength and stretching interventions improved injuries, flexibility and muscular strength in female dragon boat paddlers. Methods: Anthropometry, frequency of injuries, joint flexibility, muscular strength/endurance, and musculoskeletal stiffness/pain were assessed in 22 recreational female dragon boat paddlers before and after 6 months of individualised strengthening and stretching interventions. Pain/stiffness was self-reported using a 0–10 Likert scale. Results: Post-intervention, there were significant improvements (p < 0.05) in systolic and diastolic blood pressure; shoulder and spinal flexion/extension; hip, knee and elbow flexion; hip flexor/extensor and hip abductor isometric strength; straight leg raise and sit and reach test values; and self-reported pain. The frequency of neck, shoulder, back and wrist injuries decreased significantly post-intervention. Conclusions: Targeted exercise interventions reduced the frequency of sport-related injuries to joints and muscle groups most at risk from repetitive loading during paddling. Range of motion, isometric muscle strength and pain in specific regions also improved. The interventions were effective for predominantly older paddlers but may also be applicable to other age groups and levels of ability.
Post-stroke hip fracture in older people: A narrative review
Authors: Vadas Dor , Kalichman Leonid 
Published: February 2016

Background/Aims: A hip fracture is a serious and common complication after stroke. Individuals often experience particular gait problems post-stroke and may have difficulty with everyday activities such as walking. Therefore, the interventions for falls prevention in older patients should be re-examined when applied to the post-stroke population. This study reviews the risk factors for falls and hip fractures that are specific to the post-stroke population and the measures that may be taken to prevent hip fractures and/or falls in this patient group. Method: A narrative review of articles written in English in the scientific literature on the risk factors, natural history and prevention of hip fractures in post-stroke patients. Results: The interventions that were reviewed showed some benefit to post-stroke patients. These included interventions designed to increase physical activity, water-based exercise, general falls prevention programmes, and the use of force platforms and body weight supported treadmills. More solid evidence was found to support strategies such as the symmetrical use of limbs, which provides appropriate support and an environment where an individual can regain more normal movement patterns. This can be achieved by training in a low-gravity environment using water-based exercises or a body-weight supported treadmill. To perform more symmetrical movements, biofeedback (visual feedback) or a force platform can be used in addition to symmetrical exercises. Conclusions: In a post-stroke population, it is better to pay special attention to the prevention of falls and hip fracture than to rehabilitate after a fracture has occurred. Evaluation and management of the risk factors that contribute to falls should be a priority in post-stroke rehabilitation, focusing on as many risk factors as possible in hip fracture prevention programmes. A variety of techniques should be used to facilitate functional recovery, emphasising symmetry and optimal movement patterns.
High-level vestibular impairment in a veteran with mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Leland Azadeh , Tavakol Kamran , Scholton Joel , Libin Alex V , Ryerson Susan 
Published: February 2016

Background: Imbalance, dizziness and impaired dual tasking are common symptoms reported by veterans with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). According to a Congressional Research Service report in 2014, approximately 220 000 veterans have sustained TBI in Iraq and Afghanistan wars, with 82.4% diagnosed with mTBI. Symptoms of subtle balance impairment, resulting in decreased ability to dual-task are frequently overlooked during the initial evaluation. Therefore, clinicians need to detect these symptoms and establish a treatment plan to address the underlying causes. Currently, few studies have addressed imbalance as a result of subtle balance impairment in patients with mTBI, and none has examined veterans with mTBI. Aims: The aim of this study was to develop a systematic approach to the assessment and treatment of imbalance in a veteran with mTBI. The imbalance was a result of impairment in the constitutional components, i.e. somatosensory, vestibular and visual inputs to the brain. Methods: The patient was a 56-year-old veteran with mTBI and post-traumatic stress disorder, secondary to improvised explosive device blast exposure during the Iraq war in 2005. He was evaluated with clinical vestibular assessments, Dizziness Handicap Inventory, Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale, functional gait and balance analyses, and posturography to determine sensory organisational deficits. The patient's past medical history did not show any comorbidity resulting in imbalance. The patient received one therapy session per week for 8 weeks to address his balance and sensory deficits. Data from outcome measures were analysed and compared with those collected at baseline. Results: The results indicated that the patient improved significantly on measures of balance and sensory integration deficits after the treatment protocol. Conclusions: Data from the sensory organisation test provided a reliable basis for the identification and treatment of balance deficits in a veteran with mTBI. An intervention, emphasising visual, vestibular and somatosensory integration, may result in significant improvement of the patient's functional balance.
Regulating retrotransposon activity through the use of alternative transcription start sites
Authors: Persson Jenna , Steglich Babett , Smialowska Agata , Boyd Mette , Bornholdt Jette , Andersson Robin , Schurra Catherine , Arcangioli Benoit , Sandelin Albin , Nielsen Olaf , Ekwall Karl 
Published: February 2016

AbstractRetrotransposons, the ancestors of retroviruses, have the potential for gene disruption and genomic takeover if not kept in check. Paradoxically, although host cells repress these elements by multiple mechanisms, they are transcribed and are even activated under stress conditions. Here, we describe a new mechanism of retrotransposon regulation through transcription start site (TSS) selection by altered nucleosome occupancy. We show that Fun30 chromatin remodelers cooperate to maintain a high level of nucleosome occupancy at retrotransposon‐flanking long terminal repeat (LTR) elements. This enforces the use of a downstream TSS and the production of a truncated RNA incapable of reverse transcription and retrotransposition. However, in stressed cells, nucleosome occupancy at LTR elements is reduced, and the TSS shifts to allow for productive transcription. We propose that controlled retrotransposon transcription from a nonproductive TSS allows for rapid stress‐induced activation, while preventing uncontrolled transposon activity in the genome.
Increased left atrial pressure in non-heart failure patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Sairaku Akinori , Nakano Yukiko , Uchimura Yuko , Tokuyama Takehito , Kawazoe Hiroshi , Watanabe Yoshikazu , Matsumura Hiroya , Kihara Yasuki 
Published: February 2016

Background
The impact of subclinical hypothyroidism on the cardiovascular risk is still debated. We aimed to measure the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism and the left atrial (LA) pressure.

Methods
The LA pressures and thyroid function were measured in consecutive patients undergoing atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation, who did not have any known heart failure, structural heart disease, or overt thyroid disease.

Results
Subclinical hypothyroidism (4.5≤ thyroid-stimulating hormone <19.9 mIU/L) was present in 61 (13.0%) of the 471 patients included. More subclinical hypothyroidism patients than euthyroid patients (55.7% vs 40.2%; P=0.04).’euthyroid patients had persistent or long-standing persistent AF (55.7% vs 40.2%; P = 0.04). The mean LA pressure (10.9 ± 4.7 vs 9.1 ± 4.3 mmHg; P = 0.002) and LA V-wave pressure (17.4 ± 6.5 vs 14.3 ± 5.9 mmHg; P < 0.001) were, respectively, higher in the patients with subclinical hypothyroidism than in the euthyroid patients. After an adjustment for potential confounders, the LA pressures remained significantly higher in the subclinical hypothyroidism patients. A multiple logistic regression model showed that subclinical hypothyroidism was independently associated with a mean LA pressure of >18 mmHg (odds ratio 3.94, 95% CI 1.28 11.2; P = 0.02).

Conclusions
Subclinical hypothyroidism may increase the LA pressure in AF patients.
Cheating is Unacceptable, but... Teachers’ Perceptions of and Reactions to Students’ Cheating at Schools and Universities / Varanje je neprihvatljivo, ali… Percepcija varanja i reakcije nastavnika na učeničko i studentsko varanje
Authors: Štambuk Marina , Maričić Antonija , Hanzec Ivana 
Published: February 2016

Abstract The pervasive problem of academic cheating is an important issue for teachers and other educational stakeholders. Since teachers are one of the most important role models to students, their approach to academic (dis)honesty will likely have a strong influence on them. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify teachers’ perceptions of the frequency and acceptability of different kinds of cheating acts, as well as their perception of the reasons for cheating and their reactions to cheating. Additionally, this study attempted to investigate whether teachers from different levels of education differ in their perceptions of cheating and/or in strategies that they use to deal with this problem. Data was obtained from 400 teachers from Croatian universities, secondary schools and elementary schools using an on-line survey. The results show that teachers from all levels of education perceive cheating as very frequent, but unacceptable behaviour. They recognize the great importance of their role in the prevention of cheating, but their actual reactions are a cause of concern. Teachers’ reactions were usually reduced to warnings and did not lead to any serious consequences. Teachers from different levels of education reacted similarly to all acts of cheating. Key words: academic dishonesty; acceptability of cheating; cheating frequency; elementary, secondary and higher education; reasons for cheating.---SažetakSveprisutan problem varanja u školama i na fakultetima važna je tema za nastavnike i kreatore obrazovne politike. Budući da su nastavnici jedan od najvažnijih uzora svojim učenicima i studentima, njihov pristup akademskom (ne)poštenju zasigurno ima velik utjecaj na akademsko poštenje učenika/studenta. Zbog toga je cilj ovog istraživanja bio ispitati nastavničku percepciju učestalosti i prihvatljivosti različitih oblika varanja, njihovu percepciju razloga varanja i načine na koje reagiraju na pojavu varanja. Prema navedenom su uspoređeni nastavnici zaposleni na različitim razinama obrazovanja, a u svrhu utvrđivanja mogućih razlika među njima u odnosu na taj problem. Podaci su prikupljeni on-line anketom u kojoj je sudjelovalo 400 nastavnika zaposlenih u osnovnim i srednjim školama, i na fakultetima. Rezultati su pokazali da nastavnici svih triju razina obrazovanja percipiraju varanje kao vrlo često, ali neprihvatljivo ponašanje. Prepoznaju važnost vlastite uloge u prevenciji varanja, ali njihove su stvarne reakcije na pojavu varanja razlog za zabrinutost; obično su svedene na upozorenja i nemaju ozbiljne posljedice za učenike i studente. Nastavnici na različitim razinama obrazovanja, neovisno o obliku varanja, uglavnom reagiraju na sličan način. Ključne riječi: akademsko nepoštenje; osnovno, srednje i visoko obrazovanje; prihvatljivost varanja; razlozi varanja; učestalost varanja
Esquemes per saber què fer i què dir en llengua estrangera: Un exemple en francès.
Authors: Verrier Jacky 
Published: February 2016

La llengua no és l'únic obstacle, sinó que el coneixement de la llengua no implica saber utilizarla, o dit d’una altra manera, saber comportarse en la llengua estrangera.Aquest article ens dóna algunes pautes i ens senyala uns principis per a poder tenir un diàleg correcte en llengua estrangera. L’ús dels escripts o esquemes permet explicitar el funcionament de l’intercanvi comunicatiu, contrastar aquest funcionament amb el de la llengua materna i realitzar una sèrie d’activitats que tenen com a finalitat el coneixement i ús del ritual en la llengua.També ens presenten alguns exercicis que s’han de fer després d’haver treballat els diàlegs a classe.