bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrafast Charge and Exciton Diffusion in Monolayer Films of 9‐Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons
Authors: Varghese Sebin , Mehew Jake Dudley , Wang Hai I. , Wuttke Michael , Zhou Yazhou , Müllen Klaus , Narita Akimitsu , Cummings Aron W. , Tielrooij Klaas‐Jan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDetermining the electronic transport properties of graphene nanoribbons is crucial for assessing their suitability for applications. So far, this has been highly challenging both through experimental and theoretical approaches. This is particularly the case for graphene nanoribbons that are prepared by chemical vapor deposition, which is a scalable and industry‐compatible bottom‐up growth method that results in closely packed arrays of ribbons with relatively short lengths of a few tens of nanometers. In this study, the experimental technique of spatiotemporal microscopy is applied to study monolayer films of 9‐armchair graphene nanoribbons prepared using this growth method, and combined with linear‐scaling quantum transport calculations of arrays of thousands of nanoribbons. Both approaches directly resolve electronic spreading in space and time through diffusion and give an initial diffusivity approaching 200 cm2 s−1 during the first picosecond after photoexcitation. This corresponds to a mobility up to 550 cm2 V−1 s−1. The quasi‐free carriers then form excitons, which spread with a diffusivity of tens of cm2 s−1. The results indicate that this relatively large charge carrier mobility is the result of electronic transport not being hindered by defects nor inter‐ribbon hopping. This confirms their suitability for applications that require efficient electronic transport.
In Situ Reversible and Robust Mechano‐Responsive Ultralong Phosphorescence of Polyurethane Elastomer
Authors: Chen Jinzheng , Lin Faxu , Guo Danman , Tang Tianyi , Miao Yiling , Wu Yongwei , Zhai Wentao , Huang Huahua , Chi Zhenguo , Chen Yongming , Yang Zhiyong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThough mechano‐responsive luminescent materials obtained much attention, most of their responses are non‐reversible, let alone in situ reversible. Here, the study presents a new strategy to push through this limitation for their applications, which relies on the reversible mechano‐responsive (MR) hydrogen bonding interactions and polymer chain orientation among a doped polyurethane (PU) elastomer. The radiative and nonradiative transitions inside these phosphorescent triphenylene‐based aromatic secondary amines (TpNP and TpNPO) doped in the PU matrix can be accordingly modulated by these MR variations, including the PU chains orientation and the interactions between emitters and PU, respectively. Surprisingly, the intensities, quantum yields, and even lifetimes of their ultralong phosphorescence correlate well with the stress of PU, showing triple mechano‐enhancement with a small threshold value of 7.9 MPa. Importantly, these in situ and rapidly reversible MR phosphorescences possess excellent repeatability, which is still displayed even after >500 cycles of loading/unloading. Based on such a robust and highly sensitive MR afterglow, these PU materials have been demonstrated applications with no interruption of background in several fields, including micro‐crack detection, material damage prediction, limb movement monitoring, and information encryption. This work provides new insights for developing innovative ultralong phosphorescence materials with improved luminescence and reversible mechano‐responsive behavior.
Bidirectional Photovoltage‐Driven Oxide Transistors for Neuromorphic Visual Sensors
Authors: Jin Chenxing , Wang Jingwen , Yang Shenglan , Ding Yang , Chang Jianhui , Liu Wanrong , Xu Yunchao , Shi Xiaofang , Xie Pengshan , Ho Johnny C. , Wan Changjin , Zheng Zijian , Sun Jia , Liao Lei , Yang Junliang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBiological vision is one of the most important parts of the human perception system. However, emulating biological visuals is challenging because it requires complementary photoexcitation and photoinhibition. Here, the study presents a bidirectional photovoltage‐driven neuromorphic visual sensor (BPNVS) that is constructed by monolithically integrating two perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with dual‐gate ion‐gel‐gated oxide transistors. PSCs act as photoreceptors, converting external visual stimuli into electrical signals, whereas oxide transistors generate neuromorphic signal outputs that can be adjusted to produce positive and negative photoresponses. This device mimics the human vision system's ability to recognize colored and color‐mixed patterns. The device achieves a static color recognition accuracy of 96% by utilizing the reservoir computing system for feature extraction. The BPNVS mem‐reservoir chip is also proposed for handing object movement and dynamic color recognition. This work is a significant step forward in neuromorphic sensing and complex pattern recognition.
Deep‐Learning Empowered Customized Chiral Metasurface for Calibration‐Free Biosensing
Authors: Zhang Nan , Gao Feng , Wang Ride , Shen Zhonglei , Han Donghai , Cui Yuqing , Zhang Liuyang , Chang Chao , Qiu Cheng‐wei , Chen Xuefeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAs a 2D metamaterial, metasurfaces offer an unprecedented avenue to facilitate light‐matter interactions. The current “one‐by‐one design” method is hindered by time‐consuming, repeated testing within a confined space. However, intelligent design strategies for metasurfaces, limited by data‐driven properties, have rarely been explored. To address this gap, a data iterative strategy based on deep learning, coupled with a global optimization network is proposed, to achieve the customized design of chiral metasurfaces. This methodology is applied to precisely identify different chiral molecules in a label‐free manner. Fundamentally different from the traditional approach of collecting data purely through simulation, the proposed data generation strategy encompasses the entire design space, which is inaccessible by conventional methods. The dataset quality is significantly improved, with a 21‐fold increase in the number of chiral structures exhibiting the desired circular dichroism (CD) response (>0.6). The method's efficacy is validated by a monolayer structure that is easily prepared, demonstrating advanced sensing abilities for enantiomer‐specific analysis of bio‐samples. These results demonstrate the superior capability of data‐driven schemes in photonic design and the potential of chiral metasurface‐based platforms for calibration‐free biosensing applications. The proposed approach will accelerate the development of complex systems for rapid molecular detection, spectroscopic imaging, and other applications.
Suppressing Static and Dynamic Disorder for High‐Efficiency and Stable Thick‐Film Organic Solar Cells via Synergistic Dilution Strategy
Authors: Fu Zhen , Qiao Jia‐Wei , Cui Feng‐Zhe , Gui Ruo‐Hua , Lu Peng , Yin Hang , Du Xiao‐Yan , Hao Xiao‐Tao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDeveloping stable and highly efficient thick‐film organic solar cells (OSCs) is crucial for the large‐scale commercial application of organic photovoltaics. A novel synergistic dilution strategy to address this issue, using Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) ‐modified zinc oxide (ZnO) as the interfacial layer, is introduced. This strategy effectively mitigates oxygen defects in ZnO while also regulating the self‐assembly process of the active layer to achieve an ordered distribution of donors and acceptors. In synergistic diluted devices, the dynamic disorder is reduced owing to the suppression of electron‐phonon coupling, while the static disorder is suppressed by improved molecular stacking and enhanced intermolecular interactions. Consequently, the 300 nm PM6:L8‐BO device post‐synergistic dilution manifests a marked enhancement in device performance, achieving a photovoltaic power conversion efficiency (PCE) >17% with excellent thermal stability. A typical ternary system is selected to explore the general applicability of synergistic dilution strategy, the PCE has been enhanced significantly from 17.89% to 18.72%, which falls within the range of the highest values among inverted single junction OSCs. As a practical application that depends on the pivotal synergy between high efficiency and stability, this approach paves the way for large‐scale implementation of OSCs and ensures cost‐effectiveness.
Protecting Against Postsurgery Oral Cancer Recurrence with an Implantable Hydrogel Vaccine for In Situ Photoimmunotherapy
Authors: Chen Lan , Yin Qiqi , Zhang Handan , Zhang Jie , Yang Guizhu , Weng Lin , Liu Tao , Xu Chenghui , Xue Pengxin , Zhao Jinchao , Zhang Han , Yao Yanli , Chen Xin , Sun Shuyang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) often recurs aggressively and metastasizes despite surgery and adjuvant therapy, driven by postoperative residual cancer cells near the primary tumor site. An implantable in situ vaccine hydrogel was designed to target residual OSCC cells post‐tumor removal. This hydrogel serves as a reservoir for the sustained localized release of δ‐aminolevulinic acid (δ‐ALA), enhancing protoporphyrin IX‐mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT), and a polydopamine‐hyaluronic acid composite for photothermal therapy (PTT). Additionally, immune adjuvants, including anti‐CD47 antibodies (aCD47) and CaCO3 nanoparticles, are directly released into the resected tumor bed. This approach induces apoptosis of residual OSCC cells through sequential near‐infrared irradiation, promoting calcium interference therapy (CIT). The hydrogel further stimulates immunogenic cell death (ICD), facilitating the polarization of tumor‐associated macrophages from the M2 to the M1 phenotype. This facilitates phagocytosis, dendritic cell activation, robust antigen presentation, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte‐mediated cytotoxicity. In murine OSCC models, the in situ vaccine effectively prevents local recurrence, inhibits orthotopic OSCC growth and pulmonary metastases, and provides long‐term protective immunity against tumor rechalle nge. These findings support postoperative in situ vaccination with a biocompatible hydrogel implant as a promising strategy to minimize residual tumor burden and reduce recurrence risk after OSCC resection.
EPO Deficiency Upregulates GADD45b/p38 MAPK Axis, Mediating Schizophrenia‐Related Synaptic and Cognitive Impairments
Authors: Guo Cuiping , Li Wensheng , Liu Yi , Tao Xiaoqing , Mahaman Yacoubou Abdoul Razak , Wang Jianzhi , Liu Rong , Li Shusheng , Wang Xiaochuan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSchizophrenia (SZ) is a chronic and severe mental illness associated with psychiatric symptoms, cognitive deficits, and social dysfunction. Current clinical interventions only limit relief of psychiatric symptoms and have minimal impact on cognitive impairments. Erythropoietin (EPO), known for its role in neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity, is significantly low in SZ patients. However, the role of EPO deficiency in SZ‐associated cognitive deficits remains unclear. In this study, we used the MK801‐induced SZ rat model to show that EPO levels were significantly decreased, correlating with cognitive impairments. EPO supplementation mitigated apoptosis, synaptic damage, and cognitive impairments caused by MK801. RNA‐sequencing and Western blot analysis revealed increased expression of growth arrest and DNA damage 45b (GADD45b) in MK801‐treated rats, reversed by EPO supplementation. Moreover, overexpression of GADD45b exacerbated neuronal loss and cognitive impairments in male Sprague‐Dawley rats, while downregulation of GADD45b rescued these SZ‐related pathologies. Notably, the benefits of EPO supplementation on SZ pathology were blocked by GADD45b overexpression. Inhibition of p38 MAPK, a GADD45b target, reduced MK801‐induced apoptosis and synaptic damage. These findings uncover a novel etiopathogenic mechanism of SZ‐related cognitive impairments, driven by EPO deficiency and the activation of the GADD45b/p38 MAPK axis.
Microbial Surface Confined Growth Strategy for the Synthesis of Highly Loaded NiCoP Nanoparticles with Hollow Derived Carbon Shells for Sodium Ion Capture
Authors: Yuan Jianhua , Sun Tianxiao , Chen Jinfeng , Zhou Runhong , Cao Jianglin , Yu Fei , Li Liqing , Zhong Xiumin , Ma Jie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNiCoP is considered to be a very promising material for sodium ion (Na+) capturing, however, the volume expansion and poor cyclic stability of NiCoP during the storage limit its application. In response to these limitations, Finite element simulations are used to help in the rational design of the NiCoP structure. A novel microbial surface confined growth strategy is employed to synthesize highly loaded NiCoP nanoparticles (NiCoP NPs) supported on hollow derived carbon shells (NPC), constructing a stable composite structure known as NiCoP@NPC. The highly loaded and uniformly dispersed NiCoP NPs are anchored in‐situ and fully exposed, enabling enhanced electron and ion transport efficiency and thereby boosting pseudocapacitance. The NPC from yeast played a crucial role in mitigating the volume expansion of NiCoP NPs, thereby enhancing the structural stability of the electrode. Consequently, NiCoP@NPC demonstrated a high Na+ storage capacity of 59.70 ± 1.51 mg g−1 at 1.6 V and maintained good cycling stability, retaining over 73.3% of its capacity after 80 cycles at 1.6 V. Scanning transmission X‐ray microscopy (STXM) analysis confirmed the reversible conversion reaction mechanism and the robust structure of NiCoP@NPC before and after the reaction; Density function theory (DFT) and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM‐D) further confirmed that the structural design of NiCoP@NPC promoted electron transport, Na+ adsorption as well as improved cycling stability. This study is intended to provide a new idea for the in‐situ confined synthesis of metal phosphides electrodes with stable performance and structure.
Design Lithium Exchanged Zeolite Based Multifunctional Electrode Additive for Ultra‐High Loading Electrode Toward High Energy Density Lithium Metal Battery
Authors: Gao Yunnan , Yang Yi , Yang Tingzhou , Zhang Zhen , Tang Liang , Mao Zhiyu , Zhang Yongguang , Luo Dan , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe practicalization of a high energy density battery requires the electrode to achieve decent performance under ultra‐high active material loading. However, as the electrode thickness increases, there is a notable restriction in ionic transport in the electrodes, limiting the diffusion kinetics of Li+ and the utilization rate of active substances. In this study, lithium‐ion‐exchanged zeolite X (Li‐X zeolite) is synthesized via Li+ exchange strategy to enhance Li+ diffusion kinetics. When incorporated Li–X zeolite into the ultra‐high loading cathodes, it possesses i) high electron conductivity with a uniform network by reducing tortuosity, ii) decent ion conductivity attributes to modulated Li+ diffusivity of Li‐X and iii) high elasticity to prevent particle‐level cracking and electrode‐level disintegration. Moreover, Li–X zeolite at the solid/liquid interface facilitates the formation of a stable cathode electrolyte interface, which effectively suppresses side reactions and mitigates the dissolution of transition cations. Therefore, an ultra‐high loading (66 mg cm−2) cathode is fabricated via dry electrode technology, demonstrating a remarkable areal capacity of 12.7 mAh cm−2 and a high energy density of 464 Wh kg−1 in a lithium metal battery. The well‐designed electrode structure with multifunctional Li–X zeolite as an additive in thick cathodes holds promise to enhance the battery's rate capability, cycling stability, and overall energy density.
Core‐Shell Colloidal Quantum Dots for Energy Conversion
Authors: Jin Lei , Selopal Gurpreet Singh , Sun Xiao Wei , Rosei Federico 
Published: October 2024

AbstractColloidal quantum dots (QDs) are promising building blocks in optoelectronic devices, mainly due to their size/shape/composition‐tunable properties. Core–shell QDs, in particular, offer enhanced stability, mitigated photoluminescence blinking, and suppressed non‐radiative recombination compared to plain QDs, making them highly promising for energy conversion applications such as photovoltaic devices, luminescent solar concentrators, solar‐driven hydrogen production, and light‐emitting diodes. Here, a comprehensive analysis of core–shell QDs in energy conversion technologies is provided. Emerging design strategies are explored and various synthetic methods focusing on optimizing band structure, band alignment, and optical properties are critically explored. Insights into the structure‐property relationship are discussed, highlighting recent advancements and the most effective strategies to enhance energy conversion performance. The review is concluded by addressing key challenges and proposing future research directions, emphasizing the need for rational design, precise synthesis, effective surface engineering, and the integration of machine learning to achieve optimized properties for technological applications.
In situ monitoring of CO 2 sorption on polyethylenimine dynamics through broadband dielectric spectroscopy
Authors: Tress Martin , Ahmadi Soma , Cheng Shiwang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChemical reactions between carbon dioxide (CO) and amine have been extensively characterized, however, their influence on the dynamics of polyamines remains largely unexplored. In this work, we compare the dynamics of polyethylenimine (PEI) before and after CO absorption through broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS). The molecular processes of bulk PEI are very different from those of thin film PEI, highlighting an interesting interface and nano‐confinement effect. Detailed analyses show CO absorption slows down the PEI dynamics, which is consistent with an elevated glass transition temperature of PEI upon CO absorption from differential scanning calorimetry measurements. Further in situ kinetic measurements demonstrate nonmonotonic changes in relaxation times or dielectric amplitudes of some relaxation processes during CO sorption or desorption, suggesting an intriguing interplay between CO chemisorption and the dynamics of PEI. These results demonstrate that BDS is a powerful platform to resolve the temporal dynamics changes of polyamines for CO capture.
LiTFSI salt concentration effect for well‐balanced ion transport and physical properties in nanocellulose‐reinforced PEO#600 solid electrolytes
Authors: Sabrina Qolby , Yulianti Riyani Tri , Sundari Suci , Subhan Achmad , Majid Nurhalis , Handayani Aniek Sri , Ratnawati  , Sugawara Akihide , Uyama Hiroshi , Yudianti Rike 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPoly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with an oxygen group serves as a reactive site for the pathway of lithium‐ion transport. Reducing the PEO crystal domain in solid electrolytes is an extremely efficient approach for enhancing the mobility of ions. The present study applied various EO/Li molar ratios to modify the physical and electrochemical properties of PEO nanocomposite reinforced by nanocellulose. An elevated lithium salt concentration causes a gradual decline in crystallinity and mechanical strength. The electrochemical performance of the 13 EO/Li molar ratio voltammogram and charge–discharge shows efficient Li‐ion transport with 5.6 × 10−4 S/cm conductivity at room temperature and 131 mA h g−1 initial discharge capacity. The shifting glass transition and melting point at lower temperatures (−40.5 to −44.5°C and 45.3–43.8°C) suggest greater ion mobility throughout the large non‐crystalline structure. Lithium ions are limited by membrane weakening and re‐crystallization caused by high lithium salt (EM_11) concentrations. EM_13 has the highest specific capacity, operating voltage, and lithium transfer number depends on balanced electrochemical performance and physical features. XPS surface chemistry analysis explains LiF, Li2CO3, and Li2O solid electrolyte interfaces (SEI) in EM samples. A lower Li2O (11.62 at.%) than LiF (38.4 at.%) after cycling enhances Li‐ion diffusion and cell reversibility.
Photothermal Catalytic Degradation of VOCs: Mode, System and Application
Authors: Bai Xiang , Qi Xinyu , Liu Yunchao , Sun Jing , Shen Tingting , Pan Lijun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHuman production and living processes emit excessive VOCs into the atmosphere, posing significant threats to both human health and the environment. The photothermal catalytic oxidation process is an organic combination of photocatalysis and thermocatalysis. Utilizing photothermal catalytic degradation of VOCs can achieve better catalytic activity at lower temperatures, resulting in more rapid and thorough degradation of these compounds. Photothermal catalysis has been increasingly applied in the treatment of atmospheric VOCs due to its many advantages. A brief introduction on the three modes of photothermal catalysis is presented. Depending on the main driving force of the reactions, they can be categorized into thermal‐assisted photocatalysis (TAPC), photo‐assisted thermal catalysis (PATC) and photo‐driven thermal catalysis (PDTC). The commonly used catalyst design methods and reactor types for photothermal catalysis are also briefly introduced. This paper then focuses on recent developments in specific applications for photothermal catalytic oxidation of different types of VOCs and their corresponding principles. Finally, the problems and challenges facing VOC degradation through this method are summarized, along with prospects for future research.
Self‐assembled Lipid Nanoparticles for Killing Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Rahaman Wahida , Chaudhuri Arabinda 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTriple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) lacking estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) on their cell surfaces are highly aggressive, difficult‐to‐treat and often relapse. Herein, we report on the self‐assembled lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) of two new pegylated lipopeptides for killing TNBCs (MDA‐MB‐231). The pegylated lipopeptides were synthesized by conjugating an n‐hexadecyl hydrophobic tail to one end of a (PEG)27 unit the other distal end of which was covalently grafted with two previously reported tumor targeting RGDK‐ and CGKRK‐ peptides. The SEM images of the self‐assembled LNPs formed upon dissolution of the pegylated lipopeptides in aqueous medium revealed formation of spherical aggregates. The degree of cellular uptake for the self‐assembled LNPs formed by the pegylated CGKRK‐lipopeptide were found to be significantly higher than that for the self‐assembled LNPs formed by the pegylated RGDK‐lipopeptide in MCF‐7, MDA‐MB‐231, HEK‐293 and HFF cells. Notably, about 60 % TNBCs (MDA‐MB‐231 cells) were killed upon treatment with commercially available potent JAK2 inhibitor (WP 1066) loaded LNPs of the pegylated RGDK‐lipopeptide. Contrastingly, the same treatment killed only about 20 % non‐cancerous HEK‐293 cells. The self‐assembled pegylated LNPs described herein open the door for undertaking preclinical studies in animal models for TNBCs.