bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measured Soil Moisture is a Better Predictor of Large Growing‐Season Wildfires than the Keetch–Byram Drought Index
Authors: Krueger Erik S. , Ochsner Tyson E. , Quiring Steven M. , Engle David M. , Carlson J.D. , Twidwell Dirac , Fuhlendorf Samuel D. 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
Fraction of available water capacity (FAW) was determined from measured soil moisture.
Wildfire relationships were compared for FAW and Keetch–Byram drought index (KBDI).
Growing‐season wildfire danger was more accurately represented by FAW than KBDI.
Neither FAW nor KBDI alone accurately represented dormant‐season wildfire danger.
We recommend replacing KBDI with FAW in growing‐season wildfire danger assessments
In situ soil moisture measurements have the potential to improve wildfire danger assessments, which often rely on the Keetch–Byram Drought Index (KBDI) as a soil moisture surrogate. However, the relative merits of measured soil moisture and KBDI as indicators of wildfire danger are unknown. Therefore, our objectives were to (i) identify relationships between drought indices (KBDI or fraction of available water capacity, FAW) and wildfire size for 34,939 growing and dormant‐season wildfires, (ii) compare relationships between each drought index and wildfire probability for 501 large (≥ 405 ha) growing‐season and dormant‐season wildfires, and (iii) quantify relationships between KBDI and FAW for each season in Oklahoma, the United States. Neither KBDI nor FAW accurately represented dormant‐season wildfire danger, with wildfires ≥ 121 ha occurring across nearly the entire range of each index. During the growing season, however, we found that a smaller percentage of wildfires ≥ 121 ha occurred under extreme levels of KBDI than under equivalent levels of FAW (66% vs. 81%), and a logistic regression model based on FAW correctly classified more growing‐season days with large wildfires than the KBDI model (84% vs. 79%). Furthermore, while FAW represented soil moisture in near real‐time, KBDI responded slower to soil drying and recharge, so FAW provided about 10 d earlier warning of extreme wildfire potential for the 10 largest growing‐season wildfires in our study. We therefore recommend replacing KBDI with FAW in growing‐season wildfire danger assessments in Oklahoma and regions with similar climate (temperate, subhumid to semiarid) and vegetation types (primarily herbaceous).
Konvergál-e a születéskor várható élettartam Európában?
Authors: Kovács Katalin 
Published: June 2017

A tanulmány a születéskor várható élettartamok alakulására vonatkozó elméleti megközelítések közül az úgynevezett klub-elméleteket ismerteti részletesen. Empirikus vizsgálódásában az WHO Európai régiójában élő férfiak és nők születéskor várható élettartamának 1971 és a 2010-es eleje közötti alakulását elemzi. A várható élettartam fejlődését olyan országokban is tekintetbe veszi, ahol csak rövidebb időszakra nézve álltak adatok rendelkezésre. A várható élettartamok alakulása szerint az országokat trend-elemzés segítségével csoportosítja. A női várható élettartamokat illetően az országok három csoportba voltak sorolhatóak. A nyugat-európai, a kelet-európai és a kelet-közép-európai országcsoportok azonban nem különültek el egymástól olyan élesen, hogy elkülönült kluboknak tekinthessük őket. A férfiak esetében azonban az idők folyamán legalább négy országcsoport (nyugat-európai, kelet-európai, balti és közép-kelet-európai) különült el. Az utóbbi országcsoporton belül a legtöbb jel arra utal, hogy a Csehország, Lengyelország és Horvátország alkotta, valamint a Bulgáriát, Romániát, Magyarországot és Szlovákiát magában foglaló csoportok is elkülönülőben vannak egymástól.
La transparencia como objetivo del desarrollo sostenible. The Transparency as an objective the sustainable development
Authors: Gilli Juan José 
Published: June 2017

El presente trabajo tiene por propósito precisar el significado de la transparencia en la gestión pública como una exigencia de carácter ético relacionada con la información que los agentes deben dar en el ámbito sus funciones, reconociendo al ciudadano como el dueño de la información que producen y guardan. La transparencia tiene un especial valor como herramienta para combatir la corrupción y, de esa forma, contribuir a la meta de lograr instituciones inclusivas y efectivas para el desarrollo sostenible como lo establece el objetivo 16 de la Agenda Global para el Desarrollo Sostenible. El desarrollo del trabajo precisará los conceptos de transparencia, de acceso a la información, y de gobierno abierto que, a partir del el uso de la tecnología de información y comunicación, abre los procesos del Gobierno y permite el acceso del público a la información. Se concluye que la transparencia en la gestión pública es ante todo una decisión política mediatizada por procedimientos que aseguren el acceso a la información para el control ciudadano y, de esaforma, dar sentido a los sistemas democráticos.
Palabras claves: Transparencia; Desarrollo sostenible; Gobierno abierto.
La movilización de las mujeres palestinas: de los anales a la “Rebelión de las piedras”
Authors: López Alberto Benjamín 
Published: June 2017

El movimiento asociativo de mujeres palestinas tuvo su origen a finales del siglo XIX. Desde su configuración, su principal propósito ha sido el empoderamiento de la mujer palestina y la lucha contra la colonización sionista. En el siguiente artículo recogeremos sus principales exponentes así como la evolución de sus actividades.
Nahui Olin: Una mirada lúcida
Authors: Luque Rocío 
Published: June 2017

Resumen: Nahui Olin, una de las artistas más versátiles y más bellas del México de los años veinte, tras un periodo fecundo de producción poética y pictórica, sufrió una progresiva etapa de marginación, en la que acabó por ser tildada simplemente como “loca”. En este estudio, a través del análisis de la palabra “locura” en el sentido filosófico del término, observamos cómo Nahui compartió en efecto todos los aspectos de este fenómeno, mostrando en realidad, sobre todo en Óptica cerebral, una mirada acerca de la concepción de sí misma, de la condición femenina y de la creación intelectual, sumamente lúcida. Nahui Olin: A lucid gaze Abstract: Nahui Olin, one of the most versatile and beautiful artists of Mexico’s twenties, after a fruitful period of poetic and pictorial production, suffered a progressive stage of marginalization, in which she will be branded simply as “crazy”. In this study, through the analysis of the word “madness” in the philosophical sense, we see how Nahui indeed shared all aspects of this phenomenon, showing reality, especially in Óptica cerebral, a gaze about the conception of oneself, the status of women and intellectual creation, extremely lucid.
Osteoarthritis Management: Time to Change the Deck
Authors: Hunter David J. 
Published: June 2017

This Viewpoint highlights the shortcomings of existing osteoarthritis (OA) clinical practices and emphasizes the opportunity that can come about by virtue of adherence to appropriate management. In an effort to emphasize optimism, there are huge missed opportunities with existing efficacious treatments and tremendous developments that are currently going on that will positively influence future care. How we respond to that opportunity will not only impact the individuals disabled by the disease but also make a massive difference to our society through reducing underemployment and health care waste. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(6):370–372. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.0605
Flow diversion of tandem cerebral aneurysms: a multi-institutional retrospective study
Authors: Awad Al-Wala , Moon Karam , Yoon Nam , Mazur Marcus D. , Kalani M. Yashar S. , Taussky Philipp , McDougall Cameron G. , Albuquerque Felipe C. , Park Min S. 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVEFlow diversion has proven to be an efficacious means of treating cerebral aneurysms that are refractory to other therapeutic means. Patients with tandem aneurysms treated with flow diversion have been included in larger, previously reported series; however, there are no dedicated reports on using this technique during a single session to treat this unique subset of patients. Therefore, the authors analyzed the outcomes of patients who had undergone single-session flow diversion for the treatment of tandem aneurysms.METHODSThe authors conducted a retrospective review of flow diversion with the Pipeline embolization device (PED) for the treatment of tandem aneurysms in a single session at 2 participating medical centers: University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, and Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona. Patient demographic data, aneurysm characteristics, treatment strategy and results, complications, and follow-up data were collected from the medical record and analyzed.RESULTSBetween January 2011 and December 2015, 17 patients (12 female, 5 male) with a total of 38 aneurysms (mean size 4.7 ± 2.7 mm, mean ± SD) were treated. Sixteen patients had aneurysms in the anterior circulation, and 1 patient had tandem aneurysms in the posterior circulation. Twelve patients underwent only placement of a PED, whereas 5 underwent adjunctive coil embolization of at least 1 aneurysm. One PED was used in each of 9 patients, and 2 PEDs were required in each of 8 patients. There were 2 intraprocedural complications; however, in both instances, the patients were asymptomatic at the last follow-up. The follow-up imaging studies were available for 15 patients at a mean of 7 months after treatment (216 days, range 0–540 days). The mean initial Raymond score after treatment was 2.7 ± 0.7, and the mean final score was 1.3 ± 0.7.CONCLUSIONSIn this series, the use of flow diversion for the treatment of tandem cerebral aneurysms had an acceptable safety profile, indicating that it should be considered as an effective therapy for this complicated subset of patients. Further prospective studies must be performed before more definitive conclusions can be made.
Postprocedural, midterm, and long-term results of cerebral aneurysms treated with flow-diverter devices: 7-year experience at a single center
Authors: Briganti Francesco , Leone Giuseppe , Cirillo Luigi , de Divitiis Oreste , Solari Domenico , Cappabianca Paolo 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVEFlow diversion has emerged as a viable treatment option for selected intracranial aneurysms and recently has been gaining traction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of flow-diverter devices (FDDs) over a long-term follow-up period.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed all cerebral aneurysm cases that had been admitted to the Division of Neurosurgery of the Università degli Studi di Napoli between November 2008 and November 2015 and treated with an FDD. The records of 60 patients (48 females and 12 males) harboring 69 cerebral aneurysms were analyzed. The study end points were angiographic evidence of complete aneurysm occlusion, recanalization rate, occlusion of the parent artery, and clinical and radiological evidence of brain ischemia. The occlusion rate was evaluated according to the O’Kelly-Marotta (OKM) Scale for flow diversion, based on the degree of filling (A, total filling; B, subtotal filling; C, entry remnant; D, no filling). Postprocedural, midterm, and long-term results were strictly analyzed.RESULTSComplete occlusion (OKM D) was achieved in 63 (91%) of 69 aneurysms, partial occlusion (OKM C) in 4 (6%), occlusion of the parent artery in 2 (3%). Intraprocedural technical complications occurred in 3 patients (5%). Postprocedural complications occurred in 6 patients (10%), without neurological deficits. At the 12-month follow-up, 3 patients (5%) experienced asymptomatic cerebral infarction. No further complications were observed at later follow-up evaluations (> 24 months). There were no reports of any delayed aneurysm rupture, subarachnoid or intraparenchymal hemorrhage, ischemic complications, or procedure- or device-related deaths.CONCLUSIONSEndovascular treatment with an FDD is a safe treatment for unruptured cerebral aneurysms, resulting in a high rate of occlusion. In the present study, the authors observed effective and stable aneurysm occlusion, even at the long-term follow-up. Data in this study also suggest that ischemic complications can occur at a later stage, particularly at 12–18 months. On the other hand, no other ischemic or hemorrhagic complications occurred beyond 24 months.
Use of the Pipeline embolization device in the treatment of iatrogenic intracranial vascular injuries: a bi-institutional experience
Authors: Griauzde Julius , Ravindra Vijay M. , Chaudhary Neeraj , Gemmete Joseph J. , Mazur Marcus D. , Roark Christopher D. , Couldwell William T. , Park Min S. , Taussky Philipp , Pandey Aditya S. 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVEFlow-diverting devices have been used for the treatment of complex intracranial vascular pathology with success, but the role of these devices in treating iatrogenic intracranial vascular injuries has yet to be clearly defined. Here, the authors report their bi-institutional experience with the use of the Pipeline embolization device (PED) for the treatment of iatrogenic intracranial vascular injuries.METHODSThe authors reviewed a retrospective cohort of patients with iatrogenic injuries to the intracranial vasculature that were treated with the PED between 2012 and 2016. Data collection included demographic data, indications for treatment, number and sizes of PEDs used, and immediate and follow-up angiographic and clinical outcomes.RESULTSFour patients with a mean age of 47.5 years (range 18–63 years) underwent PED placement for iatrogenic vessel injuries. In 3 patients, the intracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) was injured during transnasal tumor resection. In 1 patient, a basilar apex injury occurred during endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Three patients had a pseudoaneurysm as a result of vessel injury, and 1 patient had frank ICA laceration and extravasation. All 3 pseudoaneurysms were successfully treated with PED deployment. The ICA laceration was refractory to PED placement, and the vessel was subsequently occluded endovascularly. All 4 patients had a good clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale score of 0 or 1).CONCLUSIONSThe use of the PED is feasible in the management of iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms of the intracranial vasculature. In cases of frank vessel perforation, an alternative strategy such as covered stent placement should be considered. Endovascular or surgical vessel occlusion remains the definitive treatment in cases of refractory hemorrhage.
Prolapse of the Pipeline embolization device in aneurysms: incidence, management, and outcomes
Authors: Srinivasan Visish M. , Carlson Andrew P. , Mokin Maxim , Cherian Jacob , Chen Stephen R. , Puri Ajit , Kan Peter 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVEThe Pipeline embolization device (PED) is frequently used in the treatment of anterior circulation aneurysms, especially around the carotid siphon, with generally excellent results. However, the PED has its own unique technical challenges, including the occurrence of device foreshortening or migration leading to prolapse into the aneurysm. The authors sought to determine the incidence of this phenomenon, the rescue strategies, and outcomes.METHODSFour institutional databases of neuroendovascular procedures were reviewed for cases of intracranial aneurysms treated with PEDs. Patient and aneurysm data as well as angiographic imaging were reviewed for all cases involving device prolapse into the aneurysm.RESULTSA total of 413 intracranial aneurysms were treated with PEDs during the study period, by 5 neurointerventionalists. Large and giant aneurysms (≥ 2 cm) accounted for 32 of these aneurysms. Among these 32 PEDs, prolapse into the aneurysm occurred in 3 patients, with 1 of these PEDs successfully rescued and the other 2 left in situ. No patients suffered any severe complications. The 2 patients in whom the PEDs were left in situ remained on antiplatelet therapy.CONCLUSIONSThe PED may foreshorten or migrate during or after deployment, leading to prolapse into the aneurysm. This phenomenon appears to be associated with large and giant aneurysms, vessel tortuosity, short landing zones, and use of balloon angioplasty. Future study and follow-up is needed to further evaluate this phenomenon, but some of the observations and techniques described in this paper may help to prevent or salvage prolapsed devices.
Pipeline embolization device for recurrence of previously treated aneurysms
Authors: Dornbos David , Karras Constantine L. , Wenger Nicole , Priddy Blake , Youssef Patrick , Nimjee Shahid M. , Powers Ciarán J. 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVEThe utilization of the Pipeline embolization device (PED) has increased significantly since its inception and original approval for use in large, broad-necked aneurysms of the internal carotid artery. While microsurgical clipping and advances in endovascular techniques have improved overall efficacy in achieving complete occlusion, recurrences still occur, and the best modality for retreatment remains controversial. Despite its efficacy in this setting, the role of PED utilization in the setting of recurrent aneurysms has not yet been well defined. This study was designed to assess the safety and efficacy of PED in the recurrence of previously treated aneurysms.METHODSThe authors reviewed a total of 13 cases in which patients underwent secondary placement of a PED for aneurysm recurrence following prior treatment with another modality. The PEDs were used to treat aneurysm recurrence or residual following endovascular coiling in 7 cases, flow diversion in 2, and microsurgical clipping in 4. The mean time between initial treatment and retreatment with a PED was 28.1 months, 12 months, and 88.7 months, respectively. Clinical outcomes, including complications and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores, and angiographic evidence of complete occlusion were tabulated for each treatment group.RESULTSAll PEDs were successfully placed without periprocedural complications. The rate of complete occlusion was 80% at 6 months after PED placement and 100% at 12 months in these patients who underwent PED placement following failed endovascular coiling; there were no adverse clinical sequelae at a mean follow-up of 26.1 months. In the 2 cases in which PEDs were placed for treatment of residual aneurysms following prior flow diversion, 1 patient demonstrated asymptomatic vessel occlusion at 6 months, and the other exhibited complete aneurysm occlusion at 12 months. In patients with aneurysm recurrence following prior microsurgical clipping, the rate of complete occlusion was 100% at 6 and 12 months, with no adverse sequelae noted at a mean clinical follow-up of 27.7 months.CONCLUSIONSThe treatment of recurrent aneurysms with the PED following previous endovascular coiling, flow diversion, or microsurgical clipping is associated with a high rate of complete occlusion and minimal morbidity.
Pipeline flow diversion of ruptured blister aneurysms of the supraclinoid carotid artery using a single-device strategy
Authors: Ryan Robert W. , Khan Amir S. , Barco Rebecca , Choulakian Armen 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVERuptured blister aneurysms remain challenging lesions for treatment due to their broad, shallow anatomy and thin, fragile wall. Historical challenges with both open microsurgical approaches and intrasaccular endovascular approaches have led to increased use of flow diversion for management of these aneurysms. However, the optimum paradigm, including timing of treatment, use of dual antiplatelet therapy, and number of flow-diverter devices to use remains unknown. The authors describe their experience with ruptured blister aneurysms treated with flow diversion at their institution, and discuss rates of rebleeding and number of devices used.METHODSAll patients presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage from a ruptured blister aneurysm and treated with Pipeline flow diversion were identified. Patient demographic data, clinical status and course, need for external ventricular drain (EVD), timing of treatment, and angiographic details and follow-up were recorded.RESULTSThere were 13 patients identified (11 women and 2 men), and 4 had multiple aneurysms. Two aneurysms were treated on initial angiography, with average time to treatment of 3.1 days for the remainder, after discussion with the family and institution of dual antiplatelet therapy. Device placement was technically successful in all patients, with 2 patients receiving 2 devices and the remainder receiving 1 device. There was 1 intraoperative complication, of a wire perforation causing intracerebral hemorrhage requiring decompressive craniectomy. Three patients had required EVD placement for management of hydrocephalus. There was no rebleeding from the target lesion; however, one patient had worsening intraventricular hemorrhage and another had rupture of an unrecognized additional aneurysm, and both died. Of the other 11 patients, 10 made a good recovery, with 1 remaining in a vegetative state. Nine underwent follow-up angiography, with 5 achieving complete occlusion, 2 with reduced aneurysm size, and 2 requiring retreatment for aneurysm persistence or enlargement. There were no episodes of delayed rupture.CONCLUSIONSPipeline flow diversion is a technically feasible and effective treatment for ruptured blister aneurysms, particularly in good-grade patients without hydrocephalus. Patients with a worse grade on presentation and requiring EVDs may have higher risk for bleeding complications and poor outcome. There was no rebleeding from the target lesion with use of a single device in this series.
The Belgian Brand: Ernest Gambart and the British Market for Modern Belgian Art, c. 1850-1870
Authors: Baetens Jan Dirk 
Published: June 2017

Jan Dirk baetenS, Gemaakt in België. Ernest Gambart en de Britse markt voor moderne Belgische kunst, ca. 1850-1870
Deze bijdrage bestudeert de impact van de kunsthandelaar Ernest Gambart en zijn kring op de commerciële en artistieke wisselwerking tussen de Belgische en Britse kunstscènes rond het midden van de negentiende eeuw. Als de toonaangevende handelaar in moderne kunst in Londen, kocht en importeerde Gambart werk van veel van de belangrijkste Belgische kunstenaars van zijn tijd en creëerde hij een markt voor deze kunstenaars in Groot-Brittannië, waar de interesse in Belgische kunst parallel met zijn activiteiten hand over hand toenam. Dit artikel onderzoekt de effecten van de handel van Gambart en zijn kring en bestudeert hoe in de eerste plaats commerciële operaties ook een artistieke dialoog tussen België en Groot-Brittannië stimuleerden.