bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Antipsychotic-Treated Patients in a Cohort of Adult Addicted Patients
Authors: Peyrière Hélène , Diot Caroline , Nogue Erika , Verschave Marie , Laure Morgan , Picot Marie-Christine , Petit Pierre , Donnadieu-Rigole Hélène , Leglise Yves 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Purpose
The objective of this cross-sectional study was to describe and estimate the prevalence of antipsychotics (AP) in a cohort of addicted patients, and to compare the profiles of addictive patients receiving AP or not.

Methods
We included all adult patients seen at the addiction care center of Montpellier University Hospital, between January 1, 2015, and March 31, 2015. Demographic, clinical, and therapeutic data were collected from the patients’ medical records.

Results
During the study period, 415 patients were included, with a mean age of 38 ± 10 years. They were mostly men (73.3%), French (54.9%), and unemployed (61.8%). Among the study population, 93 patients (patients treated with AP [trAP], 22.4%) were treated by 111 different AP, mainly cyamemazine (29.0% of treated patients), aripiprazole (20.4%), olanzapine (17.2%), and quetiapine (16.1%), mostly in monotherapy (80.6%) and by oral route (93.2% of AP). Psychiatric history was more frequent in trAP than in those without AP (untrAP) (55.9% vs 35.4% respectively; P < 0.001). Professional activity tended to be less frequent in patients with AP (25.3% vs 38.9%, P = 0.08).
When compared with untrAP, trAP consumed more amphetamine (10.8% vs 4.4%; P = 0.02) and tended to consume less opiates (7.5% vs 14.9%; P = 0.06); the consumptions of cannabis (43.0% vs 35.7%; P = 0.20) and cocaine (22.6% vs 16.8%; P = 0.20) were not statistically different.
Opiate maintenance therapy was reported in 63.7% of trAP and 68.4% of untrAP (P = 0.41): it consisted of methadone (trAP, 60.3% vs untrAP, 56.5%) and buprenorphine (trAP, 39.7% vs untrAP, 43.5%).

Conclusions
The concomitant management of psychiatric and substance use disorders in the same center may explain the high prevalence of trAP in this study. Cannabis and psychostimulants may have been used in these patients as self-medication for mental disease-related symptoms or adverse effects of APs.
Palliative Nursing for Cancer Patients as an Abstract Concept: A Hermeneutic Study
Authors: BORIMNEJAD Leili , MARDANI-HAMOOLEH Marjan , SEYEDFATEMI Naimeh , TAHMASEBI Mamak 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Background:
Understanding the outcomes of palliative care (PC) that is provided to patients with cancer is necessary.

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of Iranian nurses with regard to PC outcomes in cancer patients.

Methods:
This hermeneutic study interviewed 14 nurses to understand their lived experiences with regard to PC outcomes in cancer patients. A seven-stage process of data analysis was employed.

Results:
One constitutive pattern “palliative nursing for cancer patients is an abstractive concept” and the two associated themes of “providing excellent PC” and “PC as an alarm” were identified. Providing excellent PC had two subthemes: being a unique nurse and experiencing the humanistic approach to caring. PC as an alarm also had two subthemes: caring-related concerns and challenging issues caused by caring.

Conclusions:
The findings provide a deeper understanding of the nursing experience with regard to PC outcomes in cancer patients.
Serum Cyclosporine Levels
Authors: Garbin Livia Maria , Simões Belinda Pinto , Curcioli Ana Carolina de Jesus Vieira , de Carvalho Emilia Campos 
Published: October 2017

Background
There are controversies regarding the best way to collect blood samples for cyclosporine A (CsA) serum levels when this immunosuppressant is administered continuously through a silicone central venous catheter (CVC) to hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.

Objective
The aim of this study was to verify the effect of the time elapsed between the interruption of a continuous intravenous CsA infusion and the collection of blood samples on CsA serum levels.

Methods
This randomized 2-group clinical trial involved 32 adults. In group A, blood samples were collected immediately after interrupting the medication from peripheral vein and CVC lines. In group B, the same procedures were performed 5 minutes after interrupting the infusion.

Results
We did not observe influence of the time elapsed between interruption of the infusion and collection of the samples, independent of the collection mode and the volume discarded (P > .05). The line used for the infusion maintained a constant high level when compared with different moments of collection (P > .05), whereas in the other lines, there was a significant increase when compared with the levels obtained at 24 hours and 7 days after CsA start (P = .00).

Conclusion
The CVC line free from cyclosporine can safely be used to collect blood. The procedure can be performed immediately after interrupting the infusion, and discarding 5 mL is sufficient to obtain accurate levels.

Implications for Practice
The results can help nurses choose how to collect blood samples through the CVC, thus preventing patients from having a painful and stressful procedure such as peripheral venipuncture.
Addressing Safe Opioid Monitoring Practices Using an Interprofessional Approach
Authors: Durham Marianne L. , Egan AnnMarie , Jankiewicz Ann , Murphy Marcia P. , Nedved Patricia , Luvich Renee , Goh Ann , Fogg Louis 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVE
The aims of the project are to increase knowledge related to opioids and improve adherence to evidence-based interventions for sedation monitoring and assessment in adult inpatients receiving opioids for pain through delivery of an interprofessional online program.

BACKGROUND
Preventable opioid-induced respiratory depression is a patient safety risk in hospitals. Sedation and respiratory assessment and monitoring guidelines and tools are available to improve practice.

METHODS
An interprofessional team identified organization-specific drivers of opioid-induced sedation and respiratory depression using process improvement methodology, developed interventions, and evaluated clinician opioid knowledge and documentation practice.

RESULTS
Opioid knowledge survey responses improved after the interventions. Audits showing improved appropriate documentation by RNs of the correct sedation scale were performed over 2 separate 3-month periods.

CONCLUSIONS
Clinicians demonstrated increased knowledge about newly adopted sedation and monitoring practices targeted to prevent opioid-induced respiratory depression.
Hemodynamic Changes in Paramedian Forehead Flap
Authors: Eskiizmir Gorkem , Tanyeri Toker Gokce , Ozgur Erdogan , Tarhan Serdar , Cengiz Ozyurt Beyhan 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Paramedian forehead flap is a workhorse for nasal reconstruction. However, vascular complications may lead to flap failure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the blood flow objectively and determine the hemodynamic changes in paramedian forehead flap with respect to influential factors of age, gender, and smoking. Thirty patients who had paramedian forehead flap were followed up prospectively between 2010 and 2013. The blood flow was assessed by resistance index using Color Duplex-Doppler Ultrasonography. Resistance index was measured at the proximal and distal ends of each flap on the postoperative first day, first week, and second week. All data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0 for Windows. Fifteen patients were female and the mean of age was 60.9 years. Our results demonstrated statistically significant differences with gradual decreases in resistance to blood flow, when the resistance index values at the proximal and distal ends of paramedian forehead flap were compared (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001). Age, gender, and smoking did not have a negative impact on the resistance index values of paramedian forehead flap. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in which resistance in blood flow and hemodynamic changes of paramedian forehead flap were objectively determined using Color Duplex-Doppler Ultrasonography. The resistance index gradually decreases, although it is considerably high at the early postoperative interval. Age, gender, and smoking do not adversely influence the blood flow in a well-designed paramedian forehead flap.
A Modification to the Nasal Septal Chain Suture Which Improves Its Application
Authors: Durmaz Abdullah 
Published: October 2017

Introduction:
A novel modification to the nasal septal chain suture which makes its application easier and faster without using any special surgical instrument has been described in this study. The advantage of the modification was evaluated in terms of the suture application time.

Methods:
A total of 40 patients with a mean age of 30.1 ± 10.6 (18–58) years were evaluated in 2 groups. A nasal septal chain suture was applied with the previously described technique and the new modification for each group after the patients underwent septoplasty. The suture application time for all of the patients was recorded.

Results:
The mean suture application time was 455.2 ± 36.5 (380–530) seconds in the previous technique group and 404.7 ± 29.4 (340–450) seconds in the modified technique group. The use of new modification of the technique was found to shorten the suture application time significantly (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The modified nasal septal chain suture that has been described in this study can be an option to nasal septal suturation since it can be used with absorbable or nonabsorbable materials, is easy to remove, and does not cause pain during suture removal.
Skull Base Neuroendoscopic Training Model Using a Fibrous Injectable Tumor Polymer and the Nico Myriad
Authors: Gagliardi Filippo , Chau Anthony M. , Mortini Pietro , Caputy Anthony J. , Gragnaniello Cristian 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The Myriad is an innovative, high precision tool for tumor resection, designed to work within narrow endoscopic corridors. Due to its application in technically demanding situations, the learning curve associated with its use might be extremely challenging and time-consuming.
The authors describe the application of an already validated training model, the skull base injectable tumor model (ITM), to allow trainees to practice with the use of the Myriad during endoscopic skull base procedures.
A formalin embalmed cadaveric head was used for technical assessment. Stratathane resin ST-504 derived polymer was injected to mimic skull base tumors and Myriad was used for tumor resection during different endoscopic procedures.
An endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal, a trans-planum trans-tuberculum, and a trans-clival approach have been performed after ITM injection. The Myriad was used for tumor debulking and blunt manipulation, qualitatively evaluating the technical challenges in performing the surgical dissection.
Injectable tumor model demonstrates to be a valuable educational tool to train surgeons in the use of Myriad, potentially speeding up the learning curve in the acquirement of necessary technical skills in manipulating the instrument, even in case of demanding surgical situation.
A Cost-Utility Analysis of Nonsurgical Treatments for Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women
Authors: Simpson Andrea N. , Garbens Alaina , Dossa Fahima , Coyte Peter C. , Baxter Nancy N. , McDermott Colleen D. 
Published: October 2017

Objective
The objective of this study was to perform a cost-utility analysis of nonsurgical treatments for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in healthy adult women with a health system perspective over a 1-year time horizon.

Methods
A decision tree model was constructed to evaluate the following nonsurgical treatment options for SUI in a simulated healthy adult female cohort who had failed Kegel exercises: pelvic floor muscle therapy (PFMT), a disposable tampon device (Impressa), a self-fitting intravaginal incontinence device (Uresta), and a traditional incontinence pessary. Published data and consultation with health care providers were used to estimate efficacies and costs. Health utility estimates were derived from existing literature. Deterministic sensitivity analyses were performed as well as Monte Carlo probabilistic sensitivity analysis to account for the impact of parameter uncertainty on costs and efficacies for each treatment. Our primary outcome was the highest net monetary benefit (NMB), which represents the monetary value of the health benefits less the treatment costs. The standard willingness-to-pay threshold of US $50,000 per quality-adjusted life year was used.

Results
The utility of SUI in an otherwise healthy patient was 0.81 ± 0.16 and for subjective cure was 0.93 ± 0.08. Using base-case estimates, PFMT was the most cost-effective treatment with an NMB of US $44,098. The Impressa tampon, Uresta, and traditional pessary had NMBs of US $43,970, $43,785, and $42,846, respectively. The probabilistic sensitivity analysis confirmed PFMT to be the most cost-effective treatment option at a willingness to pay of US $50,000 per quality-adjusted life year.

Conclusions
The findings of our cost-utility analysis favor PFMT as the most cost-effective nonsurgical treatment option for SUI. Cost-effectiveness for 1 year of treatment was also favorable for Impressa and Uresta. In jurisdictions where there is no public funding for PFMT, Impressa or Uresta are alternatives for women wishing to avoid surgery.
Effects of Ivermectin exposure on regeneration ofD. dorotocephalaplanaria
Authors: Ferenc Nina N. , Levin Michael 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe ability of cells to communicate is essential during pattern formation, as they make decisions that drive growth and form. One mode of cellular signaling is via bioelectrical properties determined by the activity of ion channels. Several studies have shown a role for bioelectric signaling in planarian regeneration, but these have focused onD. japonicaandS. mediterranea.It is not known how the alterations of ion channel activity would affect regeneration in other species of planaria. Here, we tested the effect of ivermectin (IVM), a chloride channel opener drug commonly used to combat heart worms, on regeneration in a new species of planaria:D. dorotocephala.Exposure to IVM during regeneration resulted in patterning abnormalities, such as bifurcated tails with partial heads, as well as delayed regeneration. By testing the effect of drugs that target resting potential on regenerative repair in novel model species, additional insight is gained on the comparative roles of ionic signaling across taxa.
Magneto-active substrates for local mechanical stimulation of living cells
Authors: Bidan Cécile M. , Fratzl Mario , Coullomb Alexis , Moreau Philippe , Lombard Alain H. , Wang Irène , Balland Martial , Boudou Thomas , Dempsey Nora M. , Devillers Thibaut , Dupont Aurélie 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCells are able to sense and react to their physical environment by translating a mechanical cue into an intracellular biochemical signal that triggers biological and mechanical responses. This process, called mechanotransduction, controls essential cellular functions such as proliferation and migration. The cellular response to an external mechanical stimulation has been investigated with various static and dynamic systems, so far limited to global deformations or to local stimulation through discrete substrates. To apply local and dynamic mechanical constraints at the single cell scale through a continuous surface, we have developed and modelled magneto-active substrates made of magnetic micro-pillars embedded in an elastomer. Constrained and unconstrained substrates are analysed to map surface stress resulting from the magnetic actuation of the micro-pillars and the adherent cells. These substrates have a rigidity in the range of cell matrices, and the magnetic micro-pillars generate local forces in the range of cellular forces, both in traction and compression. As an application, we followed the protrusive activity of cells subjected to dynamic stimulations. Our magneto-active substrates thus represent a new tool to study mechanotransduction in single cells, and complement existing techniques by exerting a local and dynamic stimulation, traction and compression, through a continuous soft substrate.
Machine learning identifies signatures of host adaptation in the bacterial pathogen Salmonella enterica
Authors: Wheeler Nicole E. , Gardner Paul P. , Barquist Lars 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEmerging pathogens are a major threat to public health, however understanding how pathogens adapt to new niches remains a challenge. New methods are urgently required to provide functional insights into pathogens from the massive genomic data sets now being generated from routine pathogen surveillance for epidemiological purposes. Here, we measure the burden of atypical mutations in protein coding genes across independently evolved Salmonella enterica lineages, and use these as input to train a random forest classifier to identify strains associated with extraintestinal disease. Members of the species fall along a continuum, from pathovars which cause gastrointestinal infection and low mortality, associated with a broad host-range, to those that cause invasive infection and high mortality, associated with a narrowed host range. Our random forest classifier learned to perfectly discriminate long-established gastrointestinal and invasive serovars of Salmonella. Additionally, it was able to discriminate recently emerged Salmonella Enteritidis and Typhimurium lineages associated with invasive disease in immunocompromised populations in sub-Saharan Africa, and within-host adaptation to invasive infection. We dissect the architecture of the model to identify the genes that were most informative of phenotype, revealing a common theme of degradation of metabolic pathways in extraintestinal lineages. This approach accurately identifies patterns of gene degradation and diversifying selection specific to invasive serovars that have been captured by more labour-intensive investigations, but can be readily scaled to larger analyses.
C. elegans MRP-5 Exports Vitamin B12 from Mother to Offspring to Support Embryonic Development
Authors: Na Huimin , Ponomarova Olga , Giese Gabrielle E. , Walhout Albertha J.M. 
Published: October 2017

SUMMARYVitamin B12 functions as a cofactor for methionine synthase to produce the anabolic methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and for methylmalonyl-CoA mutase to catabolize the short chain fatty acid propionate. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, maternally supplied vitamin B12 is required for the development of her offspring. However, the mechanism for exporting vitamin B12 from the mother to her offspring is not yet known. Here, we use RNAi of more than 200 transporters with a vitamin B12-sensor transgene to identify the ABC transporter MRP-5 as a candidate vitamin B12 exporter. We show that injection of vitamin B12 into the gonad of mrp-5 deficient mothers rescues embryonic lethality in her offspring. Altogether, our findings identify a maternal mechanism for the transit of an essential vitamin to support the development of the next generation.
Quantifying nucleationin vivoreveals the physical basis of prion-like phase behavior
Authors: Khan Tarique , Kandola Tejbir S. , Wu Jianzheng , Venkatesan Shriram , Ketter Ellen , Lange Jeffrey J. , Gama Alejandro Rodríguez , Box Andrew , Unruh Jay R. , Cook Malcolm , Halfmann Randal 
Published: October 2017

SummaryProtein self-assemblies modulate protein activities over biological time scales that can exceed the lifetimes of the proteins or even the cells that harbor them. We hypothesized that these time scales relate to kinetic barriers inherent to the nucleation of ordered phases. To investigate nucleation barriers in living cells, we developed Distributed Amphifluoric FRET (DAmFRET). DAmFRET exploits a photoconvertible fluorophore, heterogeneous expression, and large cell numbers to quantify via flow cytometry the extent of a protein’s self-assembly as a function of cellular concentration. We show that kinetic barriers limit the nucleation of ordered self-assemblies, and that the persistence of the barriers with respect to concentration relates to structure. Supersaturation resulting from sequence-encoded nucleation barriers gave rise to prion behavior, and enabled a prion-forming protein, Sup35 PrD, to partition into dynamic intracellular condensates or to form toxic aggregates. Our results suggest that nucleation barriers govern cytoplasmic inheritance, subcellular organization, and proteotoxicity.HighlightsDistributed Amphifluoric FRET (DAmFRET) quantifies nucleation in living cellsDAmFRET rapidly distinguishes prion-like from non-prion phase transitionsNucleation barriers allow switch-like temporal control of protein activitySequence-intrinsic features determine the concentration-dependence of nucleation barriers
When and why does the name of the brand still matter?
Authors: Round Griff , Roper Stuart 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to fill a current gap in the literature, through the development of theory concerned with changes that occur over time to the functions and importance of the brand name element of a branded entity.

Design/methodology/approach
An initial theoretical conceptualisation was developed from the existing literature. Study participants whose behaviour was found not to conform to this initial conceptualisation were included in subsequent research to obtain greater understanding. The study method used was a series of interviews, with the obtained qualitative data analysed using template analysis. This resulted in the development of a revised theoretical conceptualisation.

Findings
Various functions of the brand name element, identified as connotation, denotation, linking and branded entity constancy, are ongoing important providers of brand equity to some consumers for established branded entities. This challenges a position obtained from existing literature that the brand name element of an established branded entity becomes of minimal importance over time.

Originality/value
Value-generating functions of the brand name element that persist over time were identified, leading to the development of a theoretical conceptualisation of the change in the importance of brand name equity over time.