bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mini Surgical Simulation, Role Play, and Group and Behavioral Interviews in Resident Selection
Authors: Ogunyemi Dotun , Alexander Carolyn , Tangchitnob Edward , Kim David Seil 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

A robust selection process is critical to residents' “cultural fit” and success in their program. Traditional selection methods have shortcomings.Background

We describe a novel residency interview process for obstetrics-gynecology residents that incorporates behavioral, group, and surgical simulation multiple mini interviews (MMIs).Objective

In 2010, the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center obstetrics-gynecology residency program developed surgical simulation, role play, ethics group interview, and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education competency-based behavioral interview stations.Methods

From 2010 to 2012, a total of 199 applicants were interviewed, 62 ranked in the top 20, and 18 matched into the program. The MMI scores for interview stations were used in compiling our rank list and were found to adequately differentiate candidates. The MMI mean scores for role play, ethics interview, surgical simulation, and the behavioral interview for the top 20 ranked candidates were statistically significantly higher than those for other applicants. Standardized tests minimally correlated with various interview modalities. Applicants found the interview process acceptable. Implementing these MMI stations increased the total applicant interview time for the day by 15% (from 5.5 to 6.5 hours) and increased the face-to-face interview time from 2 to 4 hours. Approximately 42 hours of coordinator time was required for the yearly interview cycle.Results

A multifaceted interview process utilizing MMI, group interview, and surgical simulation MMI is feasible and acceptable. The approach may decrease subjectivity and reliance on traditional interview methods and facilitate the selection of “compatible” residents into the program.Conclusions
Hipervisibilidade e self-disclosure: novas texturas da experiência social nas redes digitais
Authors: De Abreu Carla 
Published: May 2016

A emergência das redes sociais alterou as formas de expressão e de socialização nas sociedades contemporâneas, influenciando as maneiras como nos relacionamos com o outro e com as visualidades. Hoje, as pessoas estão aprendendo a manejar qualitativamente aspectos de sua identidade para serem publicados nas interfaces sociais. Mediadas pelas tecnologias, essas pessoas estão experimentando novos posicionamentos de gênero e sexualidade. As reflexões deste artigo partem dos resultados parciais da investigação de doutorado e examina as práticas de ver e ser visto nas redes sociais, em particular, se centra em duas questões determinantes para entender essas experiências desde o digital: hipervisibilidade e self-disclosure. Palavras-chave: hipervisibilidade, autorrevelação, redes sociais
Coreografar Historias da arte da performance. Moments. A History of Performance in 10 Acts
Authors: Bénichou Anne 
Published: May 2016

Numerosas exposições têm sido recentemente organizadas em torno de um encontro da performance e da dança contemporânea. As instituições tradicionalmente dedicadas às artes visuais abrem-se a performance, ao mesmo tempo que a dança. Os coreógrafos cada vez mais numerosos preferem as galerias dos museus e dos centros de exposição que a sala de espetáculo tradicional. Esses fenômenos podem contribuir a renovar os modos de pensar a memória e a transmissão da arte da performance? (...) Tradução: Samuel de JesusRevisão da tradução: Anahy Jorge
High-Throughput Analytical Techniques for Determination of Residues of 653 Multiclass Pesticides and Chemical Pollutants in Tea, Part VI: Study of the Degradation of 271 Pesticide Residues in Aged Oolong Tea by Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Its Application in Predicting the Residue Concentrations of Target Pesticides
Authors: Chang Qiao-Ying , Pang Guo-Fang , Fan Chun-Lin , Chen Hui , Wang Zhi-Bin 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The degradation rate of 271 pesticide residues in aged Oolong tea at two spray concentrations, named a and b (a &lt; b), were monitored for 120 days using GC–tandem MS (GC-MS/MS). To research the degradation trends and establish regression equations, determination days were plotted as horizontal ordinates and the residue concentrations of pesticide were plotted as vertical ordinates. Here, we consider the degradation equations of 271 pesticides over 40 and 120 days, summarize the degradation rates in six aspects (A–F), and discuss the degradation trends of the 271 pesticides in aged Oolong tea in detail. The results indicate that &gt;70% of the determined pesticides coincide with the degradation regularity of trends A, B, and E, i.e., the concentration of pesticide will decrease within 4 months. Next, 20 representative pesticides were selected for further study at higher spray concentrations, named c and d (d &gt; c &gt; b &gt; a), in aged Oolong tea over another 90 days. The determination days were plotted on the x-axis, and the differences between each determined result and first-time-determined value of target pesticides were plotted on the y-axis. The logarithmic function was obtained by fitting the 90-day determination results, allowing the degradation value of a target pesticide on a specific day to be calculated. These logarithmic functions at d concentration were applied to predict the residue concentrations of pesticides at c concentration. Results revealed that 70% of the 20 pesticides had the lower deviation ratios of predicted and measured results.
Quelle gouvernance pour la culture et le secteur culturel?
Authors: Weber Raymond 
Published: May 2016

RÉSUMÉ : Le thème de la gouvernance culturelle est abordé sous une triple approche : approche historique ; approche par la coopération au développement et les relations internationales ; approche par la société du savoir, l'économie créative et les tic. Aujourd'hui, les politiques culturelles, en se fondant sur les droits culturels et sur une autre "gouvernance", pourront mieux répondre aux défis du monde de demain.Mots-clefs : bonne gouvernance, gouvernance mondiale, coopération au développement, développement durable, société créative, Agenda 21 de la Culture.-RESUM: El tema de la governança cultural queda englobat en un enfocament triple: l'enfocament històric, l'enfocament de la cooperació al desenvolupament i les relacions internacionals, i l'enfocament de la societat del saber, l'economia creativa i les tic. Avui en dia, les polítiques culturals, en basar-se en drets culturals i en una altra «governança», podran respondre de manera més satisfactòria als desafiaments del demà.Paraules clau: bona governança, governança mundial, cooperació al desenvolupament, desenvolupament sostenible, societat creativa, Agenda 21 de la Cultura.RESUMEN: El tema de la gobernanza cultural queda englobado en un enfoque triple: el enfoque histórico, el enfoque de la cooperación al desarrollo y las relaciones internacionales, y el enfoque de la sociedad del saber, la economía creativa y las tic. Hoy en día, las políticas culturales, al basarse en derechos culturales y en otra «gobernanza», podrán responder de manera más satisfactoria a los desafíos del mañana.Palabras clave: buena gobernanza, gobernanza mundial, cooperación al desarrollo, desarrollo sostenible, sociedad creativa, Agenda 21 de la Cultura.-ABSTRACT: The question of cultural governance is dealt with from three approaches: the historical approach, the development cooperation and international relations approach, and the knowledge society, creative economy and ict approach. Today, cultural policies, based on cultural rights and on other "governance", will be better placed to meet the challenges of tomorrow. Keywords: good governance, world governance, development cooperation, sustainable development, creative society, Agenda 21 for Culture.
Literature Review on Cultural Governance and Cities
Authors: Baltà Portolés Jordi , Čopič Vesna , Srakar Andrej 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT: This article, written by Vesna Čopič, Andrej Srakar and Jordi Baltà, examines recent literature in the field of cultural governance, with particular emphasis on its implications for local cultural policies.Keywords: Cultural governance, cultural policy, cities, local governments, decentralisation, governance.-RESUM: Aquest article, escrit per Vesna Čopič, Andrej Srakar i Jordi Baltà, analitza la bibliografia recent en l'àmbit de la governança cultural, amb especial èmfasi sobre les seues conseqüències en les polítiques culturals locals.Paraules clau: governança cultural, política cultural, ciutats, administracions locals, descentralització, governança.-RESUMEN: Este artículo, escrito por Vesna Čopič, Andrej Srakar y Jordi Baltà, examina la bibliografía reciente en el ámbito de la gobernanza cultural, con especial atención a sus repercusiones en las políticas culturales locales. Palabras clave: gobernanza cultural, política cultural, ciudades, administraciones locales, descentralización, gobernanza.
Ens hem quedat sense energia, què fem? Un projecte per formar consciència ciutadana.
Authors: Segarra Marín Hermini 
Published: May 2016

Habituats a les comoditats que ens ofereix la ciutat, no ens adonem de tots els processos que s'han anat creant amb la intenció de facilitar-nos la vida i, que poc a poc, han condicionant el nostre estil de vida.Possiblement el model d'educació que hem rebut no ens ha preparat per a identificar analitzar i valorar els problemes que aquesta situació duu implícits.En aquest contextl hem dissenyat i dut a terme el projecte “Ens hem quedat sense energia, què fem?”, amb la intenció de fomentar la participació, el treball cooperatiu i l'esperit crític. El desenvolupament del projecte suposa la recerca de gran quantitat d'informació relacionada amb els aspectes treballats en cada comissió i contextualitzada en el nostre poble.Després d'aquesta experiència, el que proposem va més enllà de les parets de l'escola, perquè hem de ser conscients de que aquest procés formatiu ha de continuar al llarg de tota la vida.
An idealized stratospheric model useful for understanding differences between long‐lived trace gas measurements and global chemistry‐climate model output
Authors: Ray Eric A. , Moore Fred L. , Rosenlof Karen H. , Plummer David A. , Kolonjari Felicia , Walker Kaley A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe use a modified version of the tropical leaky pipe (TLP) model of the stratosphere to explore how well an idealized model can (1) reproduce global chemistry‐climate model (CCM) output and (2) constrain transport characteristics necessary to replicate measurements of long‐lived trace gases. The version of the TLP model we use includes the simulation of long‐lived trace gases, such as SF6 and CO2, as well as photochemically active trace gases such as CFC‐11, CFC‐12, and N2O. The TLP model was found to accurately replicate trace gas output from the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model (CMAM) for time‐averaged profiles in the tropics and each extratropical region. Given confidence that the TLP model represents the basic transport features in CMAM we then used the TLP model to interpret differences between CMAM output and measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment and balloons. The TLP model is shown to uniquely determine residual mean circulation and recirculation (mixing between the extratropics and tropics) changes necessary for CMAM to more accurately simulate the measurements. Such guidance on these transport parameters is novel due to the relatively high precision and the simultaneous derivation of important parameters, as compared to previous studies. The TLP model can ideally be used as a bridge between measurements and CCMs to potentially allow more targeted modification of the CCMs than would otherwise be possible.
Insights into riming and aggregation processes as revealed by aircraft, radar, and disdrometer observations for a 27 April 2011 widespread precipitation event
Authors: Giangrande Scott E. , Toto Tami , Bansemer Aaron , Kumjian Matthew R. , Mishra Subhashree , Ryzhkov Alexander V. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis study presents aircraft spiral ascent and descent observations intercepting a transition to riming processes during widespread stratiform precipitation. The sequence is documented using collocated scanning and profiling radar, including longer‐wavelength dual polarization measurements and shorter‐wavelength Doppler spectra. Riming regions are supported using aircraft measurements recording elevated liquid water concentrations, spherical particle shapes, and saturation with respect to water. Profiling cloud radar observations indicate riming regions during the event as having increasing particle fall speeds, rapid time‐height changes, and bimodalities in Doppler spectra. These particular riming signatures are coupled to scanning dual polarization radar observations of higher differential reflectivity (ZDR) aloft. Reduced melting layer enhancements and delayed radar bright‐band signatures in the column are also observed during riming periods, most notably with the profiling radar observations. The bimodal cloud radar Doppler spectra captured near riming zones indicate two time‐height spectral ice peaks, one rimed particle peak, and one peak associated with pristine ice needle generation and/or growth between −4°C and −7°C also sampled by aircraft probes. This pristine needle population gives a partial explanation for the enhanced ZDR we observe near this rimed particle region. The riming signatures aloft and radar measurements within the melting level are weakly lag correlated (r~0.6) with smaller median drop sizes at the surface, as compared with later times when aggregation of larger particle sizes was believed dominant.
Influences and interactions of inundation, peat, and snow on active layer thickness
Authors: Atchley Adam L. , Coon Ethan T. , Painter Scott L. , Harp Dylan R. , Wilson Cathy J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractActive layer thickness (ALT), the uppermost layer of soil that thaws on an annual basis, is a direct control on the amount of organic carbon potentially available for decomposition and release to the atmosphere as carbon‐rich Arctic permafrost soils thaw in a warming climate. We investigate how key site characteristics affect ALT using an integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal hydrology model. ALT is most sensitive to organic layer thickness followed by snow depth but is relatively insensitive to the amount of water on the landscape with other conditions held fixed. The weak ALT sensitivity to subsurface saturation suggests that changes in Arctic landscape hydrology may only have a minor effect on future ALT. However, surface inundation amplifies the sensitivities to the other parameters and under large snowpacks can trigger the formation of near‐surface taliks.
Dendritic network models: Improving isoscapes and quantifying influence of landscape and in‐stream processes on strontium isotopes in rivers
Authors: Brennan Sean R. , Torgersen Christian E. , Hollenbeck Jeff P. , Fernandez Diego P. , Jensen Carrie K. , Schindler Daniel E. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA critical challenge for the Earth sciences is to trace the transport and flux of matter within and among aquatic, terrestrial, and atmospheric systems. Robust descriptions of isotopic patterns across space and time, called “isoscapes,” form the basis of a rapidly growing and wide‐ranging body of research aimed at quantifying connectivity within and among Earth's systems. However, isoscapes of rivers have been limited by conventional Euclidean approaches in geostatistics and the lack of a quantitative framework to apportion the influence of processes driven by landscape features versus in‐stream phenomena. Here we demonstrate how dendritic network models substantially improve the accuracy of isoscapes of strontium isotopes and partition the influence of hydrologic transport versus local geologic features on strontium isotope ratios in a large Alaska river. This work illustrates the analytical power of dendritic network models for the field of isotope biogeochemistry, particularly for provenance studies of modern and ancient animals.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Benzylation of Polyfluoroarenes with Benzyl Carbonates through Selective C−H Functionalization
Authors: Yang Guanghui , Jiang Xinpeng , Liu Yong , Li Na , Yin Guisen , Yu Chuanming 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA novel and efficient palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling benzylation reaction of pentafluorobenzene through selective C−H functionalization has been developed. A series of carbonates and polyfluorobenzenes have been examined and found to give moderate to good yields. This transformation provides a new straightforward approach for the synthesis of fluorinated diarylmethanes.
Model study of the asymmetry in tropical cyclone‐induced positive and negative surges
Authors: Wong Benjamin , Toumi Ralf 
Published: May 2016

AbstractStorm surges pose significant threats to coastal communities, yet negative surges are not as well understood as positive surges. In this study, idealized experiments of a tropical cyclone forcing a 3D ocean model are conducted to investigate the asymmetry of positive and negative surges. Negative surges are larger in magnitude and extend further across the coastline than positive surges. While positive surges are driven by wind blowing onshore, negative surges are largely dominated by alongshore winds, with horizontal divergence as the main mechanism. This asymmetry also increases with decreasing depth and increasing latitude.
Interdecadal variability in the thermal difference between western and eastern China and its association with rainfall anomalies
Authors: Wen Liming , Yin Xiaoxue , Zhou Lian‐Tong 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis study investigated the spring thermal difference between western and eastern China and its association with the rainfall anomalies using station and reanalysis data from 1960 to 2006. The spring thermal difference between western and eastern China underwent an obvious interdecadal shift around 1979. The thermal difference between western and eastern China was small during 1960–1978, which strengthened the southwesterly wind anomalies in line with the thermal wind. This enhanced the East Asian summer monsoon. In addition, the increase in rainfall over North China and decrease in rainfall over the Yangtze River were associated with the strong East Asian summer monsoon. However, during 1979–2006, the thermal difference between western and eastern China was large, which strengthened the northeasterly wind anomalies in line with the thermal wind. This supports the notion of weakened East Asian summer monsoon associated with the decrease in rainfall over North China and increase in rainfall over the Yangtze River.
Management and outcomes of anastomotic leaks after oesophagectomy
Authors: Dent B , Griffin S M , Jones R , Wahed S , Immanuel A , Hayes N 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Background
Leaks following oesophagectomy include true anastomotic leaks, leaks from the gastrotomy and gastric conduit necrosis. Historically, these complications were associated with high mortality rates. Recent improvements in outcome have been attributed to the wider use of oesophageal stents in patient management. This study examined outcomes of patients who developed a leak in a single high-volume institution that did not use stenting as a primary treatment modality.

Methods
All patients undergoing an oesophagectomy between January 2009 and December 2013 were included. Patients were identified from a prospectively maintained database.

Results
A total of 390 oesophagectomies were performed (median age 65 (range 32–81) years). In 96·7 per cent of patients this was a two-stage subtotal oesophagectomy. Overall in-hospital and 90-day mortality rates were both 2·1 per cent (8 patients). Some 31 patients (7·9 per cent) developed a leak (median age 64·5 (range 52–80) years), of whom 27 (87 per cent) were initially managed without surgery, whereas four (13 per cent) required immediate thoracotomy. The median length of stay for patients with a leak was 41·5 (range 15–159) days; none of these patients died.

Conclusion
Leaks can be managed with excellent outcomes without using oesophageal stents. The results do not support the widespread adoption of endoscopic stenting.
Exogenous dopamine reduces GABA receptor availability in the human brain
Authors: Lou Hans C. , Rosenstand Astrid , Brooks David J. , Bender Dirk , Jakobsen Steen , Blicher Jakob U. , Hansen Kim V. , Møller Arne 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundWhile it has recently been shown that dopamine release stimulates conscious self‐monitoring through the generation of gamma oscillations in medial prefrontal/anterior cingulate cortex, and that the GABAergic system is effective in producing such oscillations, interaction of the two transmitter systems has not been demonstrated in humans. We here hypothesize that dopamine challenge stimulates the GABA system directly in the medial prefrontal/anterior cingulate region in the human brain.MethodsPositron emission tomography (PET) with the GABA receptor α1/α5 subtype ligand [11C] Ro15‐4513 was used to detect changes in GABA receptor availability after clinical oral doses of levodopa in a double blind controlled study.ResultsWe here provide the first direct evidence for such coupling in the cerebral cortex, in particular in the medial prefrontal anterior cingulate region, by showing that exogenous dopamine decreases [11C] Ro15‐4513 binding widely in the human brain compatible with a fall in α1 subtype availability in GABA complexes due to increased GABA activity.
Total Synthesis of (±)‐Integrifolin
Authors: Shimomaki Katsuya , Kusama Hiroyuki , Iwasawa Nobuharu 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe total synthesis of (±)‐integrifolin has been achieved for the first time through the stereoselective preparation of the bicyclo[5.3.0]decane skeleton based on the tungsten‐catalyzed cyclization of acyclic trienynes under photoirradiation conditions. Further key transformations of the cyclized product are the Tamao oxidation through cyclic silyl ether, the introduction of two oxygen functionalities by the oxidation of the diene and the construction of three exo‐methylene moieties.
A Rhodium Catalyst Superior to Iridium Congeners for Enantioselective Radical Amination Activated by Visible Light
Authors: Shen Xiaodong , Harms Klaus , Marsch Michael , Meggers Eric 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA bis‐cyclometalated rhodium(III) complex catalyzes a visible‐light‐activated enantioselective α‐amination of 2‐acyl imidazoles with up to 99 % yield and 98 % ee. The rhodium catalyst is ascribed a dual function as a chiral Lewis acid and, simultaneously, as a light‐activated smart initiator of a radical‐chain process through intermediate aminyl radicals. Notably, related iridium‐based photoredox catalysts reported before were unsuccessful in this enantioselective radical C−N bond formation. The surprising preference for rhodium over iridium is attributed to much faster ligand‐exchange kinetics of the rhodium complexes involved in the catalytic cycle, which is crucial to keep pace with the highly reactive and thus short‐lived nitrogen‐centered radical intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: INNER‐SPHERE COORDINATION OF CHLORIDE BY NICKEL(2+) AS DETERMINED BY CHLORINE‐35 NMR
Authors: GOWER S. A. , DODGEN H. W. , HUNT J. P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie mittlere Anzahl von Cl′‐1onen in der inneren Sphäre pro Ni‐Atom (n) wird durch Messung der Fläche unter dem "Cl‐NMR‐Signal gemessen.
ChemInform Abstract: CHARACTERIZATION OF INTRINSIC AMORPHOUS HYDROGENATED SILICON AS A THIN‐FILM PHOTOCATHODE MATERIAL. EFFICIENT PHOTOREDUCTION PROCESSES IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Authors: HARRISON D. J. , CALABRESE G. S. , RICCO A. J. , DRESNER J. , WRIGHTON M. S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie nach Entladungsverfahren hergestellten α‐Si:H‐Photokathoden bestanden aus einer B‐dotierten p ‐a‐Si:H‐Schicht von ca. 200 Å auf rostfreiem Stahl und einer weiteren (äußeren) 8000 Ä‐Schicht aus undotiertem intrinsischen α‐Si:H, die mit Elektrolytlö‐ sungen mit Redox‐Paaren in Kontakt gebracht wurde.