bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Cross-Table Lateral Radiography Method for Measuring Acetabular Component Anteversion in Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Prospective Study of 93 Primary THA
Authors: Seo Hajime , Naito Masatoshi , Nakamura Yoshinari , Kinoshita Koichi , Nomura Tomohiro , Minokawa So , Minamikawa Tomohiko , Yamamoto Takuaki 
Published: February 2017

Introduction Various methods have been described for measuring acetabular component anteversion. However, accurate measurement of anteversion is difficult. We herein propose a new method using cross-table lateral (CL) radiography performed with the contralateral hip flexed to 45° (45° flexed CL radiography). The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of this new method. Methods The study group included 93 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA). All hips were evaluated with computed tomography (CT) and both standard and 45° flexed CL radiographs to measure acetabular component anteversion the week after THA. The intraobserver and interobserver reliability of each measurement was assessed. Plain radiography measurements were compared with reference CT measurements to evaluate their validity. Results All measurements had excellent intraobserver and interobserver reliability, and plain radiography measurements correlated well with CT measurements. The mean measurements were 21.9° (3°-39°) with CT, 24.9° (7°-47°; p<0.001) with standard CL radiographs, and 22.5° (7°-43°; p = 0.112) with 45° flexed CL radiographs. Discussion The anteversion values measured with our new method were closer to the CT values used as a reference standard than those with standard CL radiographs. Our new method appears to be reliable and valid for measuring acetabular component anteversion.
Selection of a Surgical Approach for Total Hip Arthroplasty According to the Depth to the Surgical Site
Authors: Ohmori Takaaki , Kabata Tamon , Maeda Toru , Kajino Yoshitomo , Taga Tadashi , Hasegawa Kazuhiro , Inoue Daisuke , Yamamoto Takashi , Takagi Tomoharu , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2017

Background The surgical depths of approaches for total hip arthroplasty (THA) have not been reported previously. In this study, we investigate the relationships between the distances to the centre of the femoral head in different approaches and body mass index (BMI). Methods The study included patients with normal hip joints who presented to our hospital. We used the pelvic coordinate system relative to the anterior pelvic plane and the femur coordinate system relative to the posterior condylar plane. We assessed the anterior, anterolateral, lateral and posterior approaches, and defined each approach line. We evaluated each distance in terms of BMI and gender. Results 164 hips were assessed. The distance to the centre of the femoral head was the longest in the posterior approach, followed by the lateral, anterolateral, and anterior approaches (p<0.05). Additionally, the distance in each approach increased as patients’ BMI increased. The approximated line tilts were almost the same. The correlation coefficients between BMI and the distance to the centre of the femoral head were high in all approaches. In the anterior and anterolateral approaches, men with low BMI had a short distance to the femoral head. The distance for each approach was measured according to the pelvic coordinate system and the femur coordinate system. The results showed no significant differences between them. Conclusions The distance to the centre of the femoral head is the shortest in the anterior approach, regardless of BMI and gender. The distance in each approach might increase with an increase in BMI. BMI has similar effects in all approaches.
Short Femoral Stem in Total Hip Arthroplasty: Stable Fixation and Low Complication Rates in Elderly Patients
Authors: Morales de Cano Jaime J. , Gordo Christian , Canosa Areste Jordi 
Published: February 2017

Background We present the result of our experience in using a short femoral stem in elderly patients (>70 years of age) compared to patients younger than 70 years. Methods Data were prospectively collected on 138 patients who underwent 148 primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), with a conservative short stem between November 2010 and June 2014. The cohort was divided into 2 groups: the study group (group 1) comprised 57 patients (60 THA) over 70 years of age at the time of surgery, with a mean age of 75.4 years (range 70-87 years) and a mean follow-up of 26.7 months (range 9-48 months). The control group (group 2) comprised 81patients (88 THA) less than 70 years of age with a mean age of 57.4 years (range 33-69 years) and a mean follow-up of 27.3 months (range 9-54 months). Hip function in the 2 groups was compared preoperatively and postoperatively using the Merle D'Aubigne hip score (MD) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score. Results At the latest follow-up, 1 calcar fracture was reported in a 54-year-old patient in the control group, which required fixation with a screw and had a favourable outcome. No cases of clinical or radiographic loosening were reported. Clinical results showed no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups. Conclusions The use of the GTS conservative short stem in patients over 70 years old has shown very good results and low complication rates, comparable to those for patients younger than 70 years.
Retrieval and Radiographic Analysis of the Contour Antiprotrusio Cage
Authors: Vigdorchik Jonathan M. , Yoon Richard S. , Gilbert Susannah L. , Lipman Joseph D. , Bostrom Mathias P. 
Published: February 2017

Introduction Acetabular reconstruction in the setting of severe bone loss or pelvic discontinuity remains a challenging problem. Multiple methods of treatment have been described including antiprotrusio cages (APCs). The objective of this study is to combine biomechanical analysis of retrieved APCs with radiographic and clinical data to determine which factors influence or predict APC failure. Methods 41 APCs were identified. Sequential radiographs were examined for cage and polyethylene cup abduction angles, change in centre of rotation, screw placement, progression of cage failure, and failure mechanism. Cages were manually examined for gross macroscopic findings, breakage, and the location of breakage. High-resolution microscopy was used for further analysis. Results 24 cages were included in the analysis. Mean age of patients was 64.5 years (range 43-85 years); average length of implantation was 42.5 months (range 3-108 months). Average cage abduction angles were 56°; abduction for the cemented polyethylene cup was 44°. 14 of 24 cages were broken; 10 were intact. Of the broken cages, 10/14 broke through a screw hole in the ischial flange or just superior to the ischial flange. In the intact group, 6/10 failed due to pullout of the ischial screws. Discussion All cages had superior and lateralised centres of rotation. The majority of cages failed due to breakage or pullout at the ischial flange. Pelvic discontinuity was a large risk factor for a broken cage. Future design and technique modifications may result in superior outcomes in these complex acetabular reconstructions.
Dialysis Access, Infections, and Hospitalisations in Unplanned Dialysis Start Patients: Results from the Options Study
Authors: Machowska Anna , Alscher Mark D. , Vanga Satyanarayana Reddy , Koch Michael , Aarup Michael , Qureshi Abdul R. , Lindholm Bengt , Rutherford Peter 
Published: February 2017

Introduction Unplanned dialysis start (UPS) associates with worse clinical outcomes, higher utilisation of healthcare resources, lower chances to select dialysis modality and UPS patients typically commenced in-centre haemodialysis (HD) with central venous catheter (CVC). We evaluated patient outcomes and healthcare utilisation depending on initial dialysis access (CVC or PD catheter) and subsequent pathway of UPS patients. Methods In this study patient demographics, access procedures, hospitalisations, and major infectious complications were analysed over 12 months in 270 UPS patients. PD technique survival and impact of switching from HD to PD was examined along with logistic regression to investigate factors predicting AV fistula formation. Results 72 UPS patients started with PD catheter and 198 with CVC. PD patients were older and more comorbid but had a significantly lower number of access procedures while there was no difference in hospitalisation or major infections. 13/72 initial PD patients switched to HD and 1-year technique survival was 79%. 158/198 patients remained on HD and 73/158 reported permanent access formation. Older age, OR = 0.34 (CI, 0.17-0.68) and cardiac failure, OR = 0.31(CI, 0.13–0.78), were significant negative predictors of receiving fistula. Younger patients, OR = 0.29 (CI, 0.11–0.79) and those who received AVF, OR = 0.11 (CI, 0.03–0.38), had significantly lower odds of death. Discussion UPS with initial PD was possible in many patients and was associated with lower requirement for access procedures. AVF formation in UPS patients starting on HD was associated with better 1-year survival. Modality switching in UPS patients requires careful clinical management, including clinical practice patterns promoting permanent HD access formation.
An Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism within the Promoter of EGLN2 is Associated with Susceptibility to Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Li Chaoyang , Feng Lanjun , Niu Luwei , Li Teng Teng , Zhang Bin , Wan Huiping , Zhu Zhansheng , Liu Hao , Wang Kai , Fu Haixiao , Fu Wei 
Published: February 2017

Objective To investigate the association between susceptibility to colorectal cancer (CRC) and a 4-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism (rs10680577) in the proximal promoter of the EGLN2 gene. Method The first step in genotyping EGLN2 was PCR, then the PCR products were separated using 7% nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and visualized by silver staining according to the final product band location and quantity to determine the genotype of the sample. The final count was done by two different pathologists. Result In the codominant model, compared with the ins/ins genotype, subjects with the heterozygous ins/del or homozygous del/del genotype had a significantly increased risk of CRC (adjusted OR = 1.45, p<0.0001 and OR = 2.44, p = 0.0001, respectively). Each additional copy of the 4-bp deletion allele conferred a significantly increased risk of CRC (OR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.28-1.66, p<0.0001). In the stratification analysis, we further proved that the association was more prominent in TNM stage III and IV cancer compared with stage I and II (adjusted OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.07-1.93, p for heterogeneity = 0.02). Conclusions Our study provided initial evidence that the insertion/deletion polymorphism rs10680577 may play a functional role in the development of CRC in the Chinese population.
A national appraisal of haemodialysis vascular access provision in Scotland
Authors: Oliver Scott W. , Campbell Jacqueline , Kingsmore David B. , Kasthuri Ram , Metcalfe Wendy , Traynor Jamie P. , Fischbacher-Smith Denis , Jardine Alan G. , Thomson Peter C. 
Published: February 2017

Purpose Published registry data demonstrate longstanding variation in the utilisation of different vascular access (VA) modalities between Scottish renal units; this may reflect different clinical processes between centres. A comprehensive appraisal was undertaken to understand the processes underpinning VA creation and maintenance across Scotland. Methods A mixed methods approach was utilised. Fifty-two semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients and clinicians in all ten, adult and paediatric, Scottish renal units. Interview transcripts were subjected to thematic analysis. Clinical activity data were prospectively collected for six weeks, and correlated with registry data. Results VA accounts for a large clinical workload. There was significant inter-centre variation in the utilisation of different VA modalities, and patients described frustrating, dissatisfying experiences. VA creation and maintenance pathways functioned best when nephrologists, surgeons and radiologists were co-located on the same campus with close multi-disciplinary working, protected clinical time, and proactive VA maintenance. No unit routinely measured or discussed procedure outcomes or strategic aspects of their service. Conclusions Varied clinical outcomes reflected varied clinical processes. Optimised clinical pathways, staff education and measurement of clinical outcomes may improve VA service quality and facilitate safer, more effective, patient-centred care.
Negative-pressure wound therapy and early pedicle flap reconstruction of the chest wall after epirubicin extravasation
Authors: Papadakis Marios , Rahmanian-Schwarz Afshin , Bednarek Marzena , Arafkas Mohamed , Holschneider Philipp , Hübner Gunnar 
Published: February 2017

Purpose Accidental extravasation is a serious iatrogenic injury among patients receiving anthracycline-containing chemotherapy. The aim of this work is to present a combination therapy for chest wall reconstruction following epirubicin extravasation. Methods Herein, we report a 68-year-old woman with massive soft tissue necrosis of the anterolateral chest wall after epirubicin extravasation from a port implanted in the subclavicular area. Results The necrotic tissue was resected, the port was removed, and negative-pressure wound therapy was applied. Three weeks later, a latissimus dorsi pedicle flap was successfully used to cover the defect. Conclusions To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of a strategy comprising the combination of negative-pressure wound therapy and a latissimus pedicle flap for reconstruction of the chest wall after soft tissue necrosis following epirubicin extravasation.
Sex, race, and hemodialysis vascular access processes
Authors: McGill Rita L. , Lacson Eduardo 
Published: February 2017

Purpose Hemodialysis (HD) patients who are female or black receive fewer arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) and more grafts (AVG). We evaluated race- and sex-based differences for three process exposures: access surgery, peripherally-inserted central catheters (PICCs), and vascular imaging. Methods US Renal Data System with linked Medicare claims for patients initiating HD between April 2010 – December 2011 were used to identify PICC placement, imaging, AVF and AVG surgeries, and the vascular accesses in use at individual HD treatments. Poisson, logistic, and Cox regression models adjusted for clinical and demographic variables were used to evaluate relationships between process exposures, vascular access outcomes, and sex. Results Among 18,883 individuals initiating HD with catheters with at least one surgical claim for AVF or AVG, women had 16% more PICC and 5% more imaging (p = 0.002), were 43% less likely to have AVF surgery and 68% more likely to have AVG surgery (p<0.001). The odds of AVF surgery producing a working AVF were 18% lower and of AVG surgery producing a working AVG 38% higher (p<0.001). Black patients had 24% more PICCs and 12% more imaging, were 48% less likely to have AVF surgery and 84% more likely to have AVG surgery (p<0.001). The odds of achieving a working AVF were 8% lower and of a working AVG were 38% higher. The hazard of future catheter use after AVF creation was 25% higher for women (p<0.001), but did not differ by race. Conclusions Divergences in vascular access by race and sex were partly related to differential process exposures. Black and female patients had more AVG and less AVF surgery, and more PICC and imaging. Success rates were lower for AVF surgery and higher for AVG surgery. Further work is needed to determine whether choices of process exposures arise from differential ability to detect veins on physical examination.
Les femmes propriétaires à Pikine, au Sénégal : entre nouvelles responsabilités familiales et désir d’autonomie
Authors: Pinard Émilie 
Published: February 2017

Cet article porte sur les femmes propriétaires des quartiers périphériques de Pikine, au Sénégal, et sur l’intégration de leur participation accrue à la production résidentielle dans les processus d’émancipation en cours. En s’appuyant sur des entretiens narratifs auprès de 17 propriétaires, l’auteure examine les évènements et les motivations qui ont mené ces femmes à acquérir une maison, de même que les normes et les logiques dans lesquelles s’inscrit une telle démarche. L’auteure met ainsi en lumière les processus de négociations particuliers par lesquels ces propriétaires ont élargi le champ de leurs responsabilités familiales, de la gestion de l’espace domestique à la mobilisation des ressources pour la construction, tout en faisant des investissements qui favorisent leur indépendance économique et résidentielle à long terme.
Négocier le genre par les normes et le consensus : une association de femmes « rapatriées » à Ouagadougou
Authors: Degorce Alice 
Published: February 2017

Cet article porte sur une association de femmes « rapatriées » de Côte d’Ivoire au lendemain de la guerre de 2002. Regroupant plusieurs générations, cette association intègre désormais des jeunes femmes qui n’ont pas nécessairement « fait la Côte », mais qui sont séduites par le charisme de sa présidente ou encore par les performances chantées à l’occasion de différentes cérémonies. Ces éléments pointent précisément la façon dont le genre s’avère fondamental pour le fonctionnement de l’association et permet d’aller au-delà des divisions sociales habituelles entre personnes migrantes et personnes non migrantes. Par leur rassemblement autour de la présidente de l’association, les femmes peuvent en effet faire face à des figures masculines de l’autorité. L’analyse s’oriente ainsi vers une forme de négociation des rapports de genre passant par la norme et le consensus social, qui s’articule autour du religieux, de l’expérience acquise en migration et du contexte actuel de la capitale burkinabè.
Parcours croisés d’une internationalisation du militantisme féminin au Burundi et au Libéria
Authors: De Almagro Maria Martin 
Published: February 2017

L’auteure s’intéresse à l’internationalisation des militantes pour les droits des femmes au Burundi et au Libéria depuis 2003 par l’entremise d’une analyse des parcours personnel et professionnel de quatre femmes. Son étude contribue à mettre en évidence les ressorts de l’émergence d’un large espace professionnel consacré aux activités de plaidoyer pour la mise en place de l’Agenda sur les femmes, la paix et la sécurité du Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies. Ce travail vise à préciser les facteurs qui déterminent « les moments de passage » de l’activisme bénévole à la professionnalisation et à l’internationalisation.
Les conteuses québécoises : le brouillage des stéréotypes sexués au coeur d’une pratique en quête de reconnaissance
Authors: Martineau Myriame 
Published: February 2017

L’auteure trace un portrait de la pratique des conteuses au Québec, à partir d’une enquête par questionnaire. Elle interroge leur place au sein du renouveau du conte, leurs perceptions de l’art de conter et leurs prises de parole. En inversant certaines normes genrées et en valorisant des femmes « remarquables », souvent oubliées de l’histoire, les conteuses proposent de brouiller les stéréotypes sexués du conte, en offrant un nouvel espace d’oralité pour appréhender les rapports de sexe.
Single-photon emission from InAsP quantum dots embedded in
density-controlled InP nanowires
Authors: Yanase Shougo , Sasakura Hirotaka , Hara Shinjiro , Motohisa Junichi 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We attempted to control the density and size of InP-based nanowires (NWs) and
nanowire quantum dots (NW-QDs) during selective-area metalorganic vapor phase
epitaxy. InP nanowire arrays with a 5 µm pitch and an average NW diameter
d of 67 nm were successfully grown by optimization of
growth conditions. InAsP quantum dots were embedded in these density-controlled
InP NW arrays, and clear single-photon emission and exciton-biexciton cascaded
emission were confirmed by excitation-dependent photoluminescence and photon
correlation measurements.
The Quest for Success and Power in F. Scott Fitzgerald's Novel The Beautiful and Damned
Authors: Eddin Sadeq Ala 
Published: February 2017

This study aims at investigating the concepts of success and power, as depicted by F. Scott Fitzgerald in The Beautiful and Damned (2009). Cultural change motivates individuals to work harder to achieve success, which in turn makes them influential. The study reveals that the concepts of success and power are controversial, as their means vary from one theorist to another. Waldo Emerson, for example, believes that success is connected to happiness. He, therefore, lists down features that characterize successful people. To succeed, one must learn to follow their desires, an argument that is expounded by the ideology of the American Dream. Friedrich Nietzsche, however, explains that individuals are motivated to lead due to the fact that power brings about the superman. To achieve the status of the superman, Nietzsche believes that individuals develop the will to power and are able to influence others (Nietzsche, 1968). Fitzgerald, on the other hand, makes it clear that power leads to liberty. The novel provides a deep analysis of the quest for power and success. The main characters are Gloria, Joseph, and Anthony who helps to demonstrate the quest for success and power. Richard Caramel is also a character whose role explains the pursuit of true happiness. He is depicted as powerful because he influences the society through his writings. He has a strong determination to be a writer, which motivates him to work hard and to seek further success.
Dynamical conditions of ice supersaturation and ice nucleation in convective systems: A comparative analysis between in situ aircraft observations and WRF simulations
Authors: D'Alessandro John J. , Diao Minghui , Wu Chenglai , Liu Xiaohong , Chen Ming , Morrison Hugh , Eidhammer Trude , Jensen Jorgen B. , Bansemer Aaron , Zondlo Mark A. , DiGangi Josh P. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractOccurrence frequency and dynamical conditions of ice supersaturation (ISS, where relative humidity with respect to ice (RHi) > 100%) are examined in the upper troposphere around convective activity. Comparisons are conducted between in situ airborne observations and the Weather Research and Forecasting model simulations using four double‐moment microphysical schemes at temperatures ≤ −40°C. All four schemes capture both clear‐sky and in‐cloud ISS conditions. However, the clear‐sky (in‐cloud) ISS conditions are completely (significantly) limited to the RHi thresholds of the Cooper parameterization. In all of the simulations, ISS occurrence frequencies are higher by ~3–4 orders of magnitude at higher updraft speeds (>1 m s−1) than those at the lower updraft speeds when ice water content (IWC) > 0.01 g m−3, while observations show smaller differences up to ~1–2 orders of magnitude. The simulated ISS also occurs less frequently at weaker updrafts and downdrafts than observed. These results indicate that the simulations have a greater dependence on stronger updrafts to maintain/generate ISS at higher IWC. At lower IWC (≤0.01 g m−3), simulations unexpectedly show lower ISS frequencies at stronger updrafts. Overall, the Thompson aerosol‐aware scheme has the closest magnitudes and frequencies of ISS >20% to the observations, and the modified Morrison has the closest correlations between ISS frequencies and vertical velocity at higher IWC and number density. The Cooper parameterization often generates excessive ice crystals and therefore suppresses the frequency and magnitude of ISS, indicating that it should be initiated at higher ISS (e.g., ≥25%).