bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reviving Oil Production in a Mature Offshore Field Through a Downhole Coiled Tubing Completion
Authors: Ramondenc P. , Franco Delgado E. , Molero N. , Almiron de Trujillo M. D. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Production in offshore Mexico mature fields is mostly driven by gas injected from surface. With time, this injected gas flows directly through the natural fractures of the low-pressure carbonate reservoirs, leaving oil trapped in the low-permeability matrix. Over the past few years, the gas-oil contact (GOC) has rapidly moved across those fields—up to 6.5 ft per month in some wells—, making conventional gas shutoff techniques either unsuccessful or uneconomic. A new rigless intervention method using coiled tubing (CT) equipped with real-time telemetry has been used to revive oil production in gas-invaded wells. The objective was to achieve better results than the mixed success that had been obtained with gas shutoffs using chemicals and to reduce the cost and time typically involved with traditional workover operations.
The approach consists of the modification of the downhole completion through CT. After perforating a new interval in the lower oil-bearing zone, a CT string is conveyed down the well and precisely hung by another CT at the end of the existing production tubing. Equipped with slotted bars, the string allows directly tapping into the newly opened zone while bypassing the former intervals that are mostly producing gas.
From a CT standpoint, such interventions in an offshore environment present significant challenges, ranging from logistical to operational. During the first implementation of this new technique, the available section for anchoring the CT hanger was only 11.5 ft of 3 1/2-in. tubular inside a 5 1/2-in. completion. In addition, the projected tail of the CT hang-off was very close to the well total depth (only 10 ft from the bottom). The use of CT with real-time telemetry was thus critical to an accurate depth control that would allow not only determining the actual length of the CT string to be cut, but also for precisely hanging that string. In addition, the joint use of real-time telemetry and a downhole tension and compression module was key to ensuring proper actuation of the anchoring mechanism downhole while protecting the integrity of the new and former completion components. As a result of that intervention, the gas/oil ratio was reduced by 96%, while oil production increased more than twofold. In addition, the use of the CT measurement system and its flexibility saved a major workover intervention and the associated deferred production to the operator.
This rigless methodology, leveraged by CT real-time telemetry, brings a new, viable, and economical alternative to gas-control treatments. Use of the technique can significantly extend the life of producers facing major gas-control issues in environments where the complexity of the reservoir and its dynamics tend to make shutoff treatments complicated and their outcome uncertain.
Fishing Slickline and Wireline With Coiled Tubing in HP/HT Well: Case History
Authors: Diaz Hector , Duncan Alan , Ortiz Jose , Arias Ruben , Ramirez Merced 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Coiled tubing (CT) operations using fishing services require careful design and execution because of the many variables that must be considered. Nevertheless, cost efficiency has made CT a viable option for many fishing operations compared to traditional workover options.
An intervention using a 7/32-in. logging cable was run in hole (RIH). When pulling out of hole (POOH), the wires of the cable ruptured near the logging unit blowout preventers (BOPs), leaving the entire length of the logging cable and bottomhole assembly (BHA) in the hole (17,454-ft cable and 21.3-ft BHA). Subsequently, a slickline intervention with 0.108-in. wire was performed. The tool was RIH down to 8,268 ft. During POOH, an overpull in the slickline occurred, causing a rupture and leaving wire and the BHA in the hole (2,600-ft wire and 16.8-ft BHA).
A fishing operation with 1 3/4-in.-outer diameter (OD) CT was proposed using an internal fishing spear. The well was controlled with 16.24 lbm/gal (33% solids) inverse emulsion drilling mud. A fluid change was performed to renew the heavy mud in the well to help prevent excessive drag from possible deposited solids. Subsequently, over the course of two days, a total of seven operations using internal fishing spears (two and three legged) were performed without success, retrieving only of a small portion of cable and wire. This paper describes the evolving process during this case history and the implementation of strategies, techniques, economics, and tools, which resulted in the successful fishing of the logging cable, slickline wire, and the BHA.
Solutions presented in this paper resulted in successful well intervention using fishing techniques to retrieve the lost logging cable, slickline, and BHA, enabling the operating company to continue programmed activities.
Predicting Coiled Tubing Life Should Consider Diameter Growth in Addition to Low-Cycle Fatigue
Authors: Hampson Richard , Jantz Eric , Seidler Tyler 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Traditionally, coiled tubing (CT) string life has been determined by the amount of low-cycle fatigue accumulated resulting from plastic deformation during successive operations. However, with more operations being performed using larger outer-diameter (OD) pipe, it has also become necessary to account for diameter growth when predicting CT life.
When predicting CT longevity, low-cycle fatigue is determined using software to simulate planned operations. This helps minimize the risk of a specific CT string experiencing fatigue failure during the planned process. The software then tracks added fatigue using sensor measurements during actual operations. The CT string can then be retired from service as it approaches its useful life before failures occur. In recent years, some locations have observed a trend toward higher-pressure operations with larger OD pipe. These conditions have led to OD growth becoming a greater issue at these locations than in previous years.
Diameter growth can be sufficiently severe to halt operations before the accumulated low-cycle fatigue failure prediction. This paper shares details of one such operation, which was stopped prematurely because of excessive OD growth before any fatigue failure was predicted. Changes in the design process are described where, in addition to fatigue accumulation, OD growth is predicted to become a limiting factor in the life of a CT string. This paper also highlights changes made to the software to help ensure any potential problems are identified during the operations design phase to help avoid any unplanned events in the field.
CT engineering design software is now a key element to predicting any type of CT limitation and failure mechanism during operations. Updating the simulation software to consider both diameter growth and low-cycle fatigue effects helps operators better predict potential problems and avoid operational interruptions.
Removing Settled Barites From a Wellbore Using an Electrically Powered Well Cleanout System
Authors: Kleppan T. , Dahle K. O. , Tinnen B. , Brankovic M. , Osugo L. , Danielsen R. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
This paper describes a job on a well in the Valhall field to remove approximately 241 liters of settled barite in order to gain access to retrieve a bridge plug assembly that had been installed in the well for more than seven years. The traditional industry methods of cleaning out such debris are mechanical bailers run on slickline, or coiled tubing. The clean out was initially started as planned with conventional bailers run on slickline. After 19 runs and 88 liters of debris removed, mechanical slickline bailers made no further progress, as a result of increased debris compaction. The powered wellbore cleanout system was then run. This system had been extensively tested on a test rig before the job with samples simulating expected downhole debris conditions. This testing resulted in a number of toolstring configuration options dedicated to the downhole challenges expected in the well and the use of two technologies (debris collector and suction tool), to retain and transport the debris from the well.
The powered wellbore cleanout system successfully removed all the remaining debris (152 liters). It was able to continue from where the mechanical slickline bailers stopped and removed the remaining debris three times faster than the mechanical slickline bailers. Each run with a powered wellbore cleanout system could collect, on average, approximately five times the volume of debris collected by conventional slickline bailers.
Impact of orthodontic treatment on self-esteem and quality of life of adult patients requiring oral rehabilitation
Authors: de Couto Nascimento Vanessa , de Castro Ferreira Conti Ana Cláudia , de Almeida Cardoso Maurício , Valarelli Danilo Pinelli , de Almeida-Pedrin Renata Rodrigues 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To evaluate whether orthodontic treatment in adults requiring oral rehabilitation is effective for increasing patients’ self-esteem and quality of life (QoL).

Materials and Methods:
The sample consisted of 102 adult patients (77 women and 25 men) aged between 18 and 66 years (mean, 35.1 years) requiring oral rehabilitation and orthodontic treatment simultaneously. Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem (RSE) Scale and a questionnaire about QoL based on the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) were used to determine self-esteem and QoL scores retrospectively. Questionnaires were carried out in two stages, T1 (start of treatment) and T2 (6 months after). To compare score changes between T1 and T2, the data obtained from the RSE Scale were evaluated with paired t tests, and data from the quality-of-life questionnaire were assessed by applying descriptive statistics.

Results:
The results showed a statistically significant increase in self-esteem (P &lt; .001) and a great improvement on patients’ QoL.

Conclusions:
Orthodontic treatment causes a significant increase in self-esteem and QoL, providing psychological benefits for adult patients in need of oral rehabilitation.
Management of floral waste generated from temples of Jaipur city through vermicomposting
Authors: Tiwari Priyanka , Juneja Shelja K 
Published: February 2016

This paper aims at management of floral waste generated from temples of Jaipur city through vermicomposting. In this study, flower waste consisted of variety of flowers out of which marigold was chosen as it was found in maximum amount. The vermibeds were prepared by mixing the marigold with cow dung in different proportions viz., 50:50, 60:40, 70:30, 80:20 and 90:10 and they were filled in the earthen pots, individually. Simultaneously, a control (without worms) for each of these concentrations was prepared and maintained. Eisenia foetida was introduced into each of these trays except the control. The bioconversion ratio i.e., waste into vermicompost was found to be high in 60:40 proportion than the others. Vermicompost obtained was analysed for various parameters like organic carbon, total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium. The amount of organic carbon, potassium and phosphorus was more in vermicompost samples for all the groups as compared to compost samples. It was concluded that floral waste with cow dung at 50:50, 60:40 and 70:30 ratios could be converted into a nutrient rich vermicompost. International Journal of Environment Vol. 5 (1) 2016, pp: 1-13
Floristic composition of government degree and PG College Campus, Wanaparthy, Mahabubnagar District, Telangana
Authors: Sadasivaiah B. , Goud M. Sharath , Devilal R. , Laxmikanth M. , Kumar M. Uday , Ramakrishna A. , Swaroopa V. , Narasimha A. , Shirisha C. , Reddy M. Sridhar 
Published: February 2016

The floristic components of Government Degree and PG College campus, Wanaparthy yield 355 plant taxa including 15 endemics at various levels. The results also showed that, good number of medicinal plants, wild relatives, fodder plants and wild edible plants. The results indicated that the college campus is very rich in plant diversity which is very useful to the student community for their study. International Journal of Environment Vol. 5 (1) 2016, pp: 45-66
Determination of physiochemical properties of Gum Arabic as a suitable binder in emulsion house paint
Authors: Yaumi Ali L. , Murtala Ahmed M. , Muhd Habiba D. , Saleh Fatima M. 
Published: February 2016

Gum Arabic “GA” is an organic adhesive produced from a tree called named Acacia Senegal. The gum has a wide range of industrial uses, especially in areas of feeds, textiles, and pharmaceuticals. It is used as emulsifier and serves mostly as stabilizer in both cosmetic and food products which contains oil water interface. GA sample was collected, formulated and prepared into various concentrations ranging from 20%w/v to 85%w/v. The quality and applicability of well characterized materials are directly related to their physical and chemical properties. From the physiochemical analysis, the result revealed that all the samples were slightly acidic (pH ranging from 4.81-6.41). This range is in good agreement with reported pH values for gum arabic and other Acacia gums by several authors. . The binding strength increases as the number of days increases for example in sample F (50%w/v) gum Arabic concentration increases from 1.5 in the 1st day to 1.97 in the 28th day. The samples prepared are denser than water which indicates that the density increases as the percentage concentration of the samples increases and the relative density of the gum solution is independent on time. The binding strength of sample G (75%w/v) gum concentration compared well to that of polyvinyl acetate (PVA). International Journal of Environment Vol. 5 (1) 2016, pp: 67-78
Intra-articular implantation of gentamicin impregnated collagen sponge causes joint inflammation and impaired renal function in dogs
Authors: Gibson Tom , Moens Noel , Nykamp Stephanie , Wood Darren , Foster Robert , Lerer Asaf , Hayes Galina 
Published: February 2016

SummaryObjective: Gentamicin impregnated collagen sponge (GICS) can be used to treat intra-articular surgical site infections. High local concentrations of gentamicin can be reached for short periods; however the collagen vehicle may persist for much longer periods. We wished to determine the effect of sponge implantation on joint inflammation and renal function.Methods: Eighteen medium sized mixed breed research dogs of hound type were randomized to two groups; arthroscopic implantation of GICS at gentamicin dose = 6 mg/kg (n = 9) or sham operation (n = 9). Endpoints consisted of joint inflammation measured by synovial fluid cell counts and cytokine concentrations; lameness measured by force plate asymmetry indices; and renal function measured by glomerular filtration rate (GFR) study. The prevalence of lesions associated with aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity was assessed by renal biopsy and transmission electron microscopy.Results: Gentamicin impregnated collagen sponge implantation caused joint inflammation (p <0.01), lameness (p = 0.04), and decreased GFR (p = 0.04). No difference was observed in the prevalence of renal lesions on biopsy between the treatment and control groups (p = 0.49).Clinical significance: Gentamicin impregnated collagen sponge implantation causes joint inflammation and lameness as well as GFR reductions at the dose assessed. Gentamicin impregnated collagen sponge are not recommended for intra-articular implantation in dogs.
CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS OF COMETS C/2012 S1 (ISON) AND C/2011 L4 (PanSTARRS)
Authors: Snios Bradford , Kharchenko Vasili , Lisse Carey M. , Wolk Scott J. , Dennerl Konrad , Combi Michael R. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
We present our results on the Chandra X-ray Observatory Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS) observations of the bright Oort Cloud comets C/2012 S1 (ISON) and C/2011 L4 (PanSTARRS). ISON was observed between 2013 October 31–November 06 during variable speed solar wind (SW), and PanSTARRS was observed between 2013 April 17–23 during fast SW. ISON produced an extended parabolic X-ray morphology consistent with a collisionally thick coma, while PanSTARRS demonstrated only a diffuse X-ray-emitting region. We consider these emissions to be from charge exchange (CX) and model each comet's emission spectrum from first principles accordingly. Our model agrees with the observational spectra and also generates composition ratios for heavy, highly charged SW ions interacting with the cometary atmosphere. We compare our derived SW ion compositions to observational data and find a strong agreement between them. These results further demonstrate the utility of CX emissions as a remote diagnostics tool of both astrophysical plasma interaction and SW composition. In addition, we observe potential soft X-ray emissions via ACIS around 0.2 keV from both comets that are correlated in intensity to the hard X-ray emissions between 0.4–1.0 keV. We fit our CX model to these emissions, but our lack of a unique solution at low energies makes it impossible to conclude if they are cometary CX in origin. Finally, we discuss probable emission mechanism sources for the soft X-rays and explore new opportunities these findings present in understanding cometary emission processes via Chandra.
Population Estimates for Northern Juvenile Peregrine Falcons With Implications for Harvest Levels in North America
Authors: Franke Alastair 
Published: February 2016

AbstractI used a Lincoln–Petersen model to estimate the population size of northern-reared hatch-year (the cohort of individuals known to have hatched during the calendar year in which they were banded) peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) based on mark and recapture data from northern North America (including Greenland) from 1970 through 2010. This analysis supported a previous finding that migratory populations in western and eastern North America tend to remain separate, and are best analyzed as two distinct populations. The annualized Lincoln–Petersen estimate for the western population was 16,035 ± 2,040 falcons, and 5,245 ± 500 falcons for the eastern population, or approximately 21,000 hatch-year falcons when summed. Using productivity of 1.4 young/occupied site resulted in an estimate of the northern breeding population of more than 15,000 pairs or 30,000 breeding adults. Assuming that the number of nonbreeding adults was equal to the number of breeding adults, the estimated total annualized adult breeding-aged population was in excess of 60,000 falcons, and the total combined population at the end of a breeding season was in the order of 80,000 falcons by the year 2000. The peregrine falcon is no longer legally threatened in Canada or the United States, and legal harvest of wild-caught migratory peregrine falcons is permitted for the practice of falconry. Using the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service harvest guideline, and the annualized estimate of hatch-year falcons reported here (after mortality), it appears that the combined annual harvest limit in Canada, the United States, and Mexico could be conservatively set at 840 hatch-year falcons without negative impact to the breeding population.
The Carleson Measure Problem Between Analytic Morrey Spaces
Authors: Wang Jianfei 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to characterize positive measure μ on the unit disk such that the analytic Morrey space is boundedly and compactly embedded to the tent spacefor the case 1 ≤ q ≤ p ∞ respectively. As an application, these results are used to establish the boundedness and compactness of integral operators and multipliers between analytic Morrey spaces.
La comunicación estratégica digital en las organizaciones públicas de Ecuador Estado actual y proyección
Authors: Granda Tandazo Carlos V. , Paladines Galarza Fanny Y. , Velásquez Benavides Andrea V. 
Published: February 2016

En el estudio se analiza cómo la avalancha digital ha obligado a las organizaciones públicas ecuatorianas a plantear sus estrategias, para promover sus servicios e interactuar con los ciudadanos. Metodología: Se procedió a realizar una investigación no experimental, exploratoria y descriptiva, recabando información, a través, de una encuesta digital, aplicada a los responsables de comunicación de 52 instituciones públicas. Resultados: Los principales hallazgos se relacionan con la estructura de los departamentos de comunicación. La etapa en que las organizaciones públicas se encuentran en la construcción de la estrategia de Social Media. Las redes y recursos más utilizados. Las herramientas para medir efectividad, etc. Discusión: Lo anterior evidencia la necesidad de profesionalizar el manejo de Social Media y elevar al ámbito estratégico la relación con los ciudadanos. Conclusiones: Al final, encontramos la necesidad de generar una estrategia y estructura profesional, para que la actividad en las redes logre administrarse mejor.
A rare complication of follicular hair unit extraction: Kaposi’s varicelliform eruption
Authors: Mansur A. Tulin , Demirci Gulsen T. , Uzunismail M. Adnan , Yıldız Semsi 
Published: February 2016

Follicular hair unit extraction (FUE) is becoming a popular type of hair transplantation recently. Kaposi’s varicelliform eruption (KVE) is an uncommon skin emergency due to cutaneous dissemination of several types of viruses, most notably herpes virus, over the lesions of preexisting skin disorders.
A 34-year-old man visited our plastic surgery outpatient clinic with a blistering, itchy and tender eruption on his head and body. He had undergone follicular FUE for androgenic alopecia 12 days previously, and 5 days after the procedure, umbilicated and/or hemorrhagic vesiculopustules appeared firstly on the occipital scalp skin where the hair units were taken. The lesions had rapidly spread over the upper chest and back. After the operation, he had taken oral methylprednisolone, amoxicillin clavulanate and had used fusidic acid ointment without any benefit. Bacterial culture of the pustules yielded no microorganism, while Tzanck smear from the vesicles revealed multinuclear giant cell groups. Based on a diagnosis of KVE, we treated the patient with oral valacyclovir hydrochloride 1000 mg 3 times a day for 14 days. Symptoms cleared rapidly, pustules and vesicles dried in a few days, and re-epithelialization of the eroded areas started at the end of the first week.
The reported complications of FUE include necrosis of the donor site, postoperative hyperesthesia, recipient area folliculitis, keloids, bleeding, infection and pyogenic granuloma. Up to this date there are only three reports of KVE developing just after dermatological surgery, including dermabrasion, laser resurfacing, and skin grafting. According to our knowledge, this is the first case of KVE occurring after the FUE procedure. We think that the traumatic effects and skin barrier disruption due to operation and immune alteration due to postsurgical steroid treatment might have precipitated the activation and dissemination of latent herpesvirus infection.