bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The feasibility of sugammadex for general anesthesia and facial nerve monitoring in patients undergoing parotid surgery
Authors: Lu I‐Cheng , Chang Pi‐Ying , Su Miao‐Pei , Chen Po‐Nien , Chen Hsiu‐Ya , Chiang Feng‐Yu , Wu Che‐Wei 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe use of neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA) during anesthesia may interfere with facial nerve monitoring (FNM) during parotid surgery. Sugammadex has been reported to be an effective and safe reversal of rocuronium‐induced neuromuscular block (NMB) during surgery. This study investigated the feasibility and clinical effectiveness of sugammadex for NMB reversal during FNM in Parotid surgery.Fifty patients undergoing parotid surgery were randomized allocated into conventional anesthesia group (Group C, n = 25) and sugammadex group (Group S, n = 25). Group C did not receive any NMBA. Group S received rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg at anesthesia induction and sugammadex 2 mg/kg at skin incision. The intubating condition and influence on FNM evoked EMG results were compared between groups. The intubation condition showed significantly better in group S patients than C group patients (excellent in 96% v.s. 24%). In group S, rapid reverse of NMB was found and the twitch (%) recovered from 0 to >90% within 10 min. Positive and high EMG signals were obtained in all patients at the time point of initial facial nerve stimulation in both groups. There was no significant difference as comparing the EMG amplitudes detected at the time point of initial and final facial nerve stimulation in both groups. Implementation of sugammadex in anesthesia protocol is feasible and reliable for successful FNM during parotid surgery.
Nordic Walking for the Management of People With Parkinson Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cugusi Lucia , Manca Andrea , Dragone Daniele , Deriu Franca , Solla Paolo , Secci Claudio , Monticone Marco , Mercuro Giuseppe 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundIt is well known that physical exercise is the main therapeutic element of rehabilitation programs for people with Parkinson disease (PD). As traditional forms of exercise can guarantee significant health benefits, the emergence of nonconventional physical activities, such as Nordic walking (NW), may add positive effects.ObjectiveTo appraise the available evidence on the main effects of NW in the rehabilitation programs for people with PD and to propose a design for upcoming research that might improve the uniformity of future trials.Study DesignSystematic review.Literature SurveyA literature search of 5 established databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane) was conducted.MethodologyAny relevant randomized controlled trials pertinent to NW in PD published in English from inception to February 2017 were included. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines were followed, and the methodologic quality of each study was assessed by the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale.Data SynthesisSixty‐six studies were retrieved, and 6 randomized controlled trials (221 subjects) were entered into the qualitative synthesis. Overall, these studies portrayed NW as feasible and likely to be effective in improving the functional and clinical outcomes of people with PD. When we compared NW with other exercise‐based interventions, such as treadmill training, free walking, a program of standardized whole‐body movements with maximal amplitude (Lee Silverman Voice Treatment BIG training), or a home‐based exercise program, the findings proved controversial.ConclusionsHigh heterogeneity and methodologic discrepancies among the studies prevent us from drawing firm conclusions on the effectiveness of NW in comparison with other exercise‐based interventions currently used by people with PD. Further investigations with a common design are necessary to verify whether NW may be included within conventional rehabilitation programs commonly recommended to people with PD.Level of EvidenceII
Failed Removal of Indwelling Urinary Catheters in Patients With Acute Stroke: Incidence and Risk Factors
Authors: Frost Frederick S. , Fan Youran , Harrison Alexander , Modlin Trey , Samuel Susan , Thompson Nicholas , Katzan Irene 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundReducing the incidence of indwelling urinary catheter (IUC) use and early removal of the devices that are inserted are appropriate priorities for quality patient care. Just like symptomatic bacteriuria, failed catheter removal as a complication of IUC use is associated with considerable morbidity. In the ideal setting, patients who need IUCs have them, and patients who do not need them will have them removed safely, with the goal of reducing medical complications and facilitating the rehabilitation phase of care.ObjectiveTo determine the incidence of failed removal of IUCs and the factors associated with failed removal in persons hospitalized with acute stroke.DesignRetrospective review of medical records and associated clinical data collection platforms.SettingComprehensive stroke center at a tertiary care hospital.PatientsThe study cohort included 175 stroke patients admitted to the hospital and managed with IUCs. Mean age was 66.1 years (standard deviation = 15), 55% were female.MethodsUnivariable and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. Variables assessed included age, gender, race, duration of hospital stay, stroke subtype, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and 6‐Clicks Scale, which is a measure of functional status.Main Outcome MeasurementsThe dependent variable was occurrence of a failed attempt at removal of an IUC, defined as removal followed by a catheter reinsertion.ResultsDuring the study period, 175 of 432 patients with acute hospital admission for new stroke had an IUC removal event. Of these patients, 46 (26%) experienced a failed catheter removal. On univariate analysis, factors significantly associated with failed removal included presence of a hemorrhagic stroke (P = .005), lower level of physical function (by 6‐Clicks and NIHSS scores), hospital length of stay (P < .001), and discharge location (P = .005). Bedside bladder ultrasound testing by nursing staff was used more frequently in the group of patients who had unsuccessful IUC removals (95% confidence interval 4.56‐21.67, P < .001). Length of stay (P < .001), white race (P = .001), and hemorrhagic stroke (P = .009) were associated independently with failed catheter removal after adjustment for other clinical variables.ConclusionsThis single‐site study identified a high incidence of failed urinary catheter removal in patients with stroke, along with factors associated with failed removal. This is the first step in developing a predictive model that could reduce the incidence of this adverse event. Policies, penalties, and protocols designed to reduce catheter days must be sensitive to the special situations in which IUCs are medically necessary and equal consideration given to identifying the patients for which catheter removal poses a greater risk than continued catheter use.Level of EvidenceIII
Neotectonics of eastern Gorny Altai: Evidence from magnetotelluric data
Authors: Novikov I.S. , Pospeeva E.V. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
According to 2D magnetotelluric (MT) data from northeastern and southeastern Altai, numerous neotectonic faults cut the Gorny Altai territory as a whole, as well as large basins within its limits, into blocks. Large neotectonic faults are traceable depthward in MT-based cross sections as zones of very low resistivities (below 0.5 Ohm·m). The MT data generally confirm the fault geometry inferred previously from morphotectonic and geological evidence. Fault plane dips are vertical in normal and strike-slip faults and inclined in reverse faults. The nearly vertical and dipping zones of neotectonic faults crosscut a horizontal conductivity anomaly at depths of 10–15 km. The anomaly makes a natural divide between the zones of brittle crustal failure above and ductile downward pressing of material below. It may be responsible for the high tectonic and seismic activity potential of the upper lithosphere in Gorny Altai associated with growth of mountains and crust thickening. Beneath the Chuya and Kurai large basins, the conductivity anomaly occurs at a shallow depth of 10 km and has a resistivity below 10 Ohm·m. © 2017, V.S. Sobolev IGM, Siberian Branch of the RAS. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Conditions of formation of gold-bearing magnetite–chlorite–carbonate rocks of the Karabash ultrabasic massif (South Urals)
Authors: Murzin V.V. , Varlamov D.A. , Palyanova G.A. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Ilmenite, apatite, monazite, aeshynite-(Y), zircon, baddeleyite, thorianite, uraninite, and copper-containing native gold have been revealed in specific magnetite–chlorite–carbonate rocks and chloritolites in the Karabash ultrabasic massif in the South Urals. Dolomite from the magnetite–chlorite–carbonate rocks are characterized by a rather uniform isotope composition (δ13C = –0.9 to –1.9‰, δ18O = 11.5–13.6‰, 87Sr/86Sr = 0.70422–0.70469) corresponding to a mixture of sources: marine limestones and mantle fluids. We determined the isotope compositions of antigorite from serpentinites (δD = –79.1 and –89.6‰, 518O = 7.4 and 7.6‰), of chlorite from chloritolites (δD = –57.8‰, δ18O = 7.8‰), and of magnetite–chlorite–carbonate rocks (δD = –59.2 and –69.6‰, δ18O = 6.4 and 5.9‰). The latter probably formed by the mechanism of filling of the free space at 480-280 °C, and chloritolites were developed after serpentinites. Oceanic serpentinites, gabbros, limestones, and mantle fluids can be considered the source of material during the formation of magnetite–chlorite–carbonate rocks. A comparative analysis of the latter and the massif rodingites (chlograpites) bearing copper-containing gold was carried out. The established common features of these types of rocks are the localization in zones of tectonic melange, the presence of chloritolite rims, geochemical specialization, thermal conditions of formation, and isotope parameters of minerals and fluids.
Advancement of mineragenic regionalization of eastern Transbaikalia based on geophysical studies
Authors: Khomich V.G. , Boriskina N.G. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Several metallogenic belts were earlier recognized by S.S. Smirnov in Transbaikalia rich in polymetallic endogenous mineralization. Despite the continuing geological and geophysical studies in the region, the borders of these belts are still hotly debatable. The results of geophysical and seismic tomographic studies in East Asia (where a stagnant oceanic slab was discovered in the mantle transition zone) and the location of highly productive ore-magmatic systems in the regional Earth’s crust testify to the spatial coincidence of the projection of the frontal part of the slab with the Dalainor–Gazimur-Olekma mineragenic zone. Most of large and superlarge ore nodes and fields with Au, Mo, U, Pb–Zn, Cu, and fluorite mineralization are localized in this zone. The difficult problem of mineragenic regionalization here can be solved by proving the probable influence of mantle fluid flows formed near the frontal part of the slab on the formation of highly productive ore-magmatic systems of the above zone oriented orthogonally to the earlier recognized belts. The experience gained during the comprehensive studies of minerageny both in eastern Transbaikalia and in other ore-bearing provinces can be used to choose ore-promising areas for prediction, prospecting, and assessment works.
Transient electric field response to a uniform, magnetically viscous earth excited by a grounded line source
Authors: Antonov E.Yu. , Kozhevnikov N.O. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA new method is suggested for calculation of transient electric field response to conducting magnetically viscous earth excited by a grounded line source. Calculation algorithms are implemented in the computer program FwLL_MV. Using a uniform, conducting magnetically viscous half-space as an earth model, we have shown that magnetic relaxation affects the TEM response of equatorial and in-line arrays. As in the case of loop arrays, apparent resistivity steadily decreases with time. The higher the half-space resistivity and the shorter the offset, the earlier the voltage and the apparent resistivity begin to decrease as 1/t. Magnetic relaxation and decay of eddy currents are independent processes within the range of resistivities typical of rocks.
Anti-inflammatory ω-3 endocannabinoid epoxides
Authors: McDougle Daniel R. , Watson Josephine E. , Abdeen Amr A. , Adili Reheman , Caputo Megan P. , Krapf John E. , Johnson Rodney W. , Kilian Kristopher A. , Holinstat Michael , Das Aditi 
Published: July 2017

Significance
The health benefits of ω-3 fatty acids are mediated, in part, through metabolic conversion to bioactive epoxides. Here we detail the discovery and initial characterization of naturally occurring ω-3–derived endocannabinoid epoxides that are formed via enzymatic oxidation of ω-3 endocannabinoids by cytochrome P450s. These dual functional ω-3 endocannabinoid epoxides are anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory and reciprocally modulate platelet aggregation. By virtue of their physiological properties, they are expected to play important roles in neuroinflammation and in cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke.
Two dynamin-like proteins stabilize FtsZ rings during
Streptomyces
sporulation
Authors: Schlimpert Susan , Wasserstrom Sebastian , Chandra Govind , Bibb Maureen J. , Findlay Kim C. , Flärdh Klas , Buttner Mark J. 
Published: July 2017

Significance
Bacterial dynamins were discovered ∼10 y ago and the explosion in genome sequencing has shown that they radiate throughout the bacteria, being present in >1,000 species. In eukaryotes, dynamins play critical roles in the detachment of endocytic vesicles from the plasma membrane, the division of chloroplasts and peroxisomes, and both the fusion and fission of mitochondria. However, in evolutionary terms, dynamins are of bacterial origin, and yet the biological functions of bacterial dynamins remain poorly understood. Here we demonstrate a critical role for dynamins in bacterial cytokinesis, reminiscent of the essential role of eukaryotic dynamins in the division of chloroplasts and mitochondria.
The BioCyc collection of microbial genomes and metabolic pathways
Authors: Karp Peter D , Billington Richard , Caspi Ron , Fulcher Carol A , Latendresse Mario , Kothari Anamika , Keseler Ingrid M , Krummenacker Markus , Midford Peter E , Ong Quang , Ong Wai Kit , Paley Suzanne M , Subhraveti Pallavi 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
BioCyc.org is a microbial genome Web portal that combines thousands of genomes with additional information inferred by computer programs, imported from other databases and curated from the biomedical literature by biologist curators. BioCyc also provides an extensive range of query tools, visualization services and analysis software. Recent advances in BioCyc include an expansion in the content of BioCyc in terms of both the number of genomes and the types of information available for each genome; an expansion in the amount of curated content within BioCyc; and new developments in the BioCyc software tools including redesigned gene/protein pages and metabolite pages; new search tools; a new sequence-alignment tool; a new tool for visualizing groups of related metabolic pathways; and a facility called SmartTables, which enables biologists to perform analyses that previously would have required a programmer’s assistance.
Comparison of Standardized Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Viral Load Thresholds in Whole Blood and Plasma of Solid Organ and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients with CMV Infection and Disease
Authors: Dioverti M Veronica , Lahr Brian D , Germer Jeffrey J , Yao Joseph D , Gartner Michelle L , Razonable Raymund R 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Background
Quantification of cytomegalovirus (CMV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has important diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications in the management of transplant recipients. We aimed to assess a viral load in plasma and whole blood that distinguishes CMV disease from asymptomatic infection in a cohort of solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Methods
We prospectively measured and compared CMV viral load in paired plasma and whole blood samples collected from transplant recipients with CMV infection and disease. Cytomegalovirus viral loads were determined by a commercially available US Food and Drug Administration-approved quantitative assay (COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan CMV Test [CAP/CTM CMV]) calibrated to the first World Health Organization International Standard for CMV DNA quantification.

Results
Moderate agreement of CMV viral load was observed between plasma and whole blood, with 31% of samples having discordant findings, particularly among samples with low DNA levels. Among the subset of samples where both paired samples had quantifiable levels, we observed a systematic bias that reflected higher viral load in whole blood compared with plasma. Based on receiver operating curve analysis, an initial plasma CMV viral load threshold of 1700 IU/mL in solid organ transplant recipients (sensitivity 80%, specificity 74%) and 1350 IU/mL in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients (sensitivity 87%, specificity 87%) distinguished CMV disease and asymptomatic infection.

Conclusions
This study identifies standardized viral load thresholds that distinguish CMV disease from asymptomatic infection using CAP/CTM CMV assay. We propose these thresholds as potential triggers to be evaluated in prospective studies of preemptive therapy. Plasma was better than whole blood for measuring viral load using the CAP/CTM CMV assay.
The Intestinal Microbiome in Infectious Diseases: The Clinical Relevance of a Rapidly Emerging Field
Authors: Harris Vanessa C , Haak Bastiaan W , Boele van Hensbroek Michaël , Wiersinga Willem J 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The field of infectious disease is undergoing a paradigm shift as the intestinal microbiome is becoming understood. The aim of this review is to inform infectious disease physicians of the potential relevance of the intestinal microbiome to their practice. We searched Medline using both index and text words relating to infectious diseases, microbiome, and probiotics. Relevant articles published up through 2017 were reviewed within Rayyan. The review illustrates pathophysiologic concepts linking the microbiome and infectious diseases; specifically, the intestinal microbiome’s relevance to early immune development, the microbiome and enteric infections, the microbiome’s relevance in compromised hosts, and antimicrobial resistance. Within each subject, there are specific examples of diseases and at-risk patient populations where a role for the microbiome has been strongly established. This provides an overview of the significance of the intestinal microbiome to microbiology, pediatric and adult infectious diseases with an underpinning of concepts useful for the practicing clinician.
Intravenous Tranexamic Acid Bolus plus Infusion Is Not More Effective than a Single Bolus in Primary Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Zufferey Paul J. , Lanoiselée Julien , Chapelle Céline , Borisov Dmitry B. , Bien Jean-Yves , Lambert Pierre , Philippot Rémi , Molliex Serge , Delavenne Xavier ,   for the investigators of the PeriOpeRative Tranexamic acid in hip arthrOplasty (PORTO) Study
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Background
Preoperative administration of the antifibrinolytic agent tranexamic acid reduces bleeding in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty. Increased fibrinolytic activity is maintained throughout the first day postoperation. The objective of the study was to determine whether additional perioperative administration of tranexamic acid would further reduce blood loss.

Methods
This prospective, double-blind, parallel-arm, randomized, superiority study was conducted in 168 patients undergoing unilateral primary hip arthroplasty. Patients received a preoperative intravenous bolus of 1 g of tranexamic acid followed by a continuous infusion of either tranexamic acid 1 g (bolus-plus-infusion group) or placebo (bolus group) for 8 h. The primary outcome was calculated perioperative blood loss up to day 5. Erythrocyte transfusion was implemented according to a restrictive transfusion trigger strategy.

Results
The mean perioperative blood loss was 919 ± 338 ml in the bolus-plus-infusion group (84 patients analyzed) and 888 ± 366 ml in the bolus group (83 patients analyzed); mean difference, 30 ml (95% CI, −77 to 137; P = 0.58). Within 6 weeks postsurgery, three patients in each group (3.6%) underwent erythrocyte transfusion and two patients in the bolus group experienced distal deep-vein thrombosis. A meta-analysis combining data from this study with those of five other trials showed no incremental efficacy of additional perioperative administration of tranexamic acid.

Conclusions
A preoperative bolus of tranexamic acid, associated with a restrictive transfusion trigger strategy, resulted in low erythrocyte transfusion rates in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty. Supplementary perioperative administration of tranexamic acid did not achieve any further reduction in blood loss.
Auditory Cognitive Training for Pediatric Cochlear Implant Recipients
Authors: Mishra Srikanta K. , Boddupally Shiva P. 
Published: July 2017

Objectives:
Understanding speech in noise is the biggest challenge faced by individuals with cochlear implants (CIs). Improving speech-in-noise perception for pediatric CI recipients continues to remain a high priority for all stakeholders. This study was designed to investigate the efficacy of working memory training for improving speech-in-noise recognition for children with CIs.

Design:
Fourteen children with CIs (aged 6 to 15 years) received adaptive, home-based training on forward digit span task for 5 weeks, while 13 children with CIs participated in backward digit span training. Seventeen age-matched children with CIs in the control group received a placebo. Outcome measures included forward and backward digit span and speech recognition threshold for digit triplets in noise at pretraining, post-training, and 5-week follow-up. Performance measures from 26 age-matched children with normal hearing were also obtained only at the baseline session to generate normative standards for comparison.

Results:
Digit span scores were significantly higher at post-training and follow-up compared with pretraining for both forward- and backward-trained groups. Both trained groups showed similar training-induced shifts. The control group showed no such improvement. There was no effect of training on the speech recognition threshold. Children with CIs showed significantly lower digit span scores and a higher speech recognition threshold relative to children with normal hearing.

Conclusions:
Training improves working memory capacity as measured by digit spans for children with CIs. Training-induced improvements are stable for at least 5 weeks. Learning effects demonstrate near-transfer, from forward to backward digit span and vice versa, but failed to show far-transfer to speech-in-noise recognition. Current evidence is not supportive of cognitive training for improving speech-in-noise performance for children with CIs.