bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross‐Cohort Gut Microbiome Signatures of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Presentation and Treatment
Authors: Li Junhui , Ghosh Tarini Shankar , Arendt Elke , Shanahan Fergus , O'Toole Paul W. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent disorder of gut‐brain interaction without a reliable cure. Evidence suggests that an alteration of the gut microbiome may contribute to IBS pathogenesis, motivating the development of microbiome‐targeted therapies to alleviate IBS symptoms. However, IBS‐specific microbiome signatures are variable across cohorts. A total of 9204 datasets were meta‐analyzed, derived from fourteen IBS microbiome discovery cohorts, three validation cohorts for diet‐microbiome interactions, and five rifaximin therapy cohorts. The consistent bacterial species and functional signatures associated with IBS were identified. Network analysis revealed two distinct IBS‐enriched microbiota clusters; obligate anaerobes that are found commonly in the gut, and facultative anaerobes typically present in the mouth, implying a possible association between oral bacterial translocation to gut and IBS pathogenesis. By analyzing diet‐microbiome interactions, microbiota‐targeted diets that can potentially modulate the altered gut microbiota of IBS subjects toward a healthy status were identified. Furthermore, rifaximin treatment of IBS subjects was linked with a reduction in the abundance of facultatively anaerobic pathobionts. Gut microbiome signatures were identified across IBS cohorts that may inform the development of therapies for microbiome modulation in IBS. The microbiota‐targeted diet patterns described may enable nutritional intervention trials in IBS and for assisting dietary management.
Ocean exposure and latitude drive multiple clines within the coastal perennial ecotype of the yellow monkeyflower, Mimulus guttatus
Authors: Zambiasi Thomas , Lowry David B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPremiseA key goal of evolutionary biologists is to understand how and why genetic variation is partitioned within species. In the yellow monkeyflower, Mimulus guttatus (syn. Erythranthe guttata), coastal perennial populations constitute a single genetically and morphologically differentiated ecotype compared to inland M. guttatus populations. While the coastal ecotype's distinctiveness has now been well documented, there is also environmental variation across the ecotype's range that could drive more continuous differentiation among its component populations.MethodsBased on previous observations of a potential cline within this ecotype, we quantified plant height, among other traits, across coastal perennial accessions from 74 populations in a greenhouse common garden experiment. To evaluate potential drivers of the relationship between trait variation and latitude, we regressed height against multiple climatic factors, including temperature, precipitation, and coastal wind speeds. We also accounted for exposure to the open ocean in all analyses.ResultsMultiple traits were correlated with latitude of origin, but none more than plant height. Height was negatively correlated with latitude, and plants directly exposed to the open ocean were shorter than those protected from coastal winds. Further analyses revealed that height was correlated with climatic factors (precipitation, temperature, and wind speeds) that were autocorrelated with latitude. We hypothesize that one or more of these climatic factors drove the evolution of latitudinal clinal variation within the coastal ecotype.ConclusionsOverall, our study illustrates the complexity of how the distribution of environmental variation can simultaneously drive the evolution of both distinct ecotypes and continuous clines within those ecotypes.
A Strongly Coupled Metal/Hydroxide Heterostructure Cascades Carbon Dioxide and Nitrate Reduction Reactions toward Efficient Urea Electrosynthesis
Authors: Ye Wei , Zhang Ye , Chen Liang , Wu Fangfang , Yao Yuanhui , Wang Wei , Zhu Genping , Jia Gan , Bai Zhongchao , Dou Shixue , Gao Peng , Wang Nana , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe direct coupling of nitrate ions and carbon dioxide for urea synthesis presents an appealing alternative to the Bosch–Meiser process in industry. The simultaneous activation of carbon dioxide and nitrate, however, as well as efficient C−N coupling on single active site, poses significant challenges. Here, we propose a novel metal/hydroxide heterostructure strategy based on synthesizing an Ag−CuNi(OH)2 composite to cascade carbon dioxide and nitrate reduction reactions for urea electrosynthesis. The strongly coupled metal/hydroxide heterostructure interface integrates two distinct sites for carbon dioxide and nitrate activation, and facilitates the coupling of *CO (on silver, where * denotes an active site) and *NH2 (on hydroxide) for urea formation. Moreover, the strongly coupled interface optimizes the water splitting process and facilitates the supply of active hydrogen atoms, thereby expediting the deoxyreduction processes essential for urea formation. Consequently, our Ag−CuNi(OH)2 composite delivers a high urea yield rate of 25.6 mmol gcat.−1 h−1 and high urea Faradaic efficiency of 46.1 %, as well as excellent cycling stability. This work provides new insights into the design of dual‐site catalysts for C−N coupling, considering their role on the interface.
Facile Synthesis of Potassium Decahydrido‐Monocarba‐closo‐Decaborate Imidazole Complex Electrolyte for All‐Solid‐State Potassium Metal Batteries
Authors: Lu Zhiwei , Qiu Pengtao , Zhai Hanyu , Zhang Guo‐Guo , Chen Xin‐Wei , Lu Zhansheng , Wu Yiying , Chen Xuenian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAll‐solid‐state potassium metal batteries have caught increasing interest owing to their abundance, cost‐effectiveness, and high energy/power density. However, their development is generally constrained by the lack of suitable solid‐state electrolytes. Herein, we report a new complex KCB9H10 ⋅ 2C3H4N2, synthesized by grinding and heating the mixture of potassium decahydrido‐monocarba‐closo‐decaborate (KCB9H10) and imidazole (C3H4N2) under mild conditions, to achieve the K‐ion superionic solid‐state electrolyte. The crystal structure was revealed as an orthorhombic lattice with the space group of Pna21 by FOX software. The diffusion properties for K+ in the crystal structure were calculated using the climbing image nudged elastic band (CI‐NEB) method. KCB9H10 ⋅ 2C3H4N2 exhibited a high ionic conductivity of 1.3×10−4 S cm−1 at 30 °C, four orders of magnitude higher than that of KCB9H10. This ionic conductivity is also the highest value of hydridoborate‐based K+ conductors reported. Moreover, KCB9H10 ⋅ 2C3H4N2 demonstrated a K+ transference number of 0.96, an electrochemical stability window of 1.2 to 3.2 V vs. K/K+, and good stability against the K metal coated by a layer of potassium imidazolate (KIm). These great performances make KCB9H10 ⋅ 2C3H4N2 a promising K‐ion solid‐state electrolyte.
A Supramolecular‐Nanocage‐Based Framework Stabilized by π‐π Stacking Interactions with Enhanced Photocatalysis
Authors: Mei Jian‐Hua , Lai Shan , Gong Yun‐Nan , Shi Wen‐Jie , Deng Ji‐Hua , Lu Tong‐Bu , Zhong Di‐Chang 
Published: September 2024

Abstractπ frameworks, defined as a type of porous supramolecular materials weaved from conjugated molecular units by π‐π stacking interactions, provide a new direction in photocatalysis. However, such examples are rarely reported. Herein, we report a supramolecular‐nanocage‐based π framework constructed from a photoactive Cu(I) complex unit. Structurally, 24 Cu(I) complex units stack together through π‐π stacking interactions, forming a truncated octahedral nanocage with sodalite topology. The inner diameter of the nanocage is 2.8 nm. By sharing four open faces, each nanocage connects with four equivalent ones, forming a 3D porous π framework (π‐2). π‐2 shows good thermal and chemical stability, which can adsorb CO2, iodine, and methyl orange molecules. More importantly, π‐2 can serve as a photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction. With ultrafine Pt subnanometer particles (0.9±0.1 nm) incorporated into the nanocages as a co‐catalyst, the hydrogen evolution rate reaches a record‐high value of 524012 μmol/gPt/h in the absence of any additional photosensitizers. The high photocatalytic activity can be ascribed to the ultrafine size of the Pt particles, as well as the fast electron transfer from π‐2 to the highly active Pt upon illumination. π‐2 represents the unique stable supramolecular‐cage‐based π framework with excellent photocatalytic activity.
Single‐Luminophore Molecular Engineering for Rapidly Phototunable Solid‐State Luminescence
Authors: Sun Hao , Yu Zidong , Li Chenzi , Zhang Man , Shen Shen , Li Mingde , Liu Mouwei , Li Zhongyu , Wu Dayu , Zhu Liangliang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSmart materials enabling emission intensity or wavelength tuning by light stimulus have attracted attention in cutting‐edge fields. However, due to the general limitation of the dense molecular stacking (in solid states, especially in crystals) on photoresponsivity, constructing rapidly phototunable solid‐state luminescent systems remains challenging. Herein, we present a new luminophore that serves as both a photoresponsive and a luminous group with enhanced conformational freedom to attain this goal, namely, relying on photoexcitation‐induced molecular conformational change of an ionized persulfurated arene based on weak intermolecular aliphatic C−H⋅⋅⋅π interaction. Together with the phosphorescence characteristic of the molecule itself, rapidly enhanced phosphorescence upon irradiation can be observed in a series of phase states, like solution state, crystal, and amorphous state, especially with a high photoresponsive rate of 0.033 s−1 in crystal state that is superior to the relevant reported cases. Moreover, a rapidly phototunable afterglow effect is achieved by extending this molecule into some polymer‐based doping systems, endowing the system with unique dynamic imaging and fast photopatterning capabilities. This single‐luminophore molecular engineering and underlying mechanism have implications for building other condensed functional materials, principally for those with stimuli responses in solid states.
Unraveling the Role of Electron‐Withdrawing Molecules for Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Photovoltaics
Authors: Jiang Xiaoqing , Dong Kaiwen , Li Pingping , Zheng Likai , Zhang Bingqian , Yin Yanfeng , Yang Guangyue , Wang Linqin , Wang Minhuan , Li Suying , Zhu Lina , Niu Shiyuan , Yu Shitao , Liu Shiwei , Tian Wenming , Guo Xin , Wei Mingyang , Zakeeruddin Shaik M. , Sun Licheng , Pang Shuping , Grätzel Michael 
Published: September 2024

AbstractElectron‐withdrawing molecules (EWMs) have exhibited remarkable efficacy in boosting the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the underneath mechanisms governing their positive attributes remain inadequately understood. Herein, we conducted a comprehensive study on EWMs by comparing 2,2′‐(2,5‐cyclohexadiene‐1,4‐diylidene) bismalononitrile (TCNQ) and (2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐2,5‐cyclohexadiene‐1,4‐diylidene) dimalononitrile (F4TCNQ) employed at the perovskite/hole transport layer (HTL) interfaces. Our findings reveal that EWMs simultaneously enhance chemical passivation, interface dipole effect, and chemically binding of the perovskite to the HTL. Notably, F4TCNQ, with its superior electron‐withdrawing properties, demonstrates a more pronounced impact. Consequently, PCSs modified with F4TCNQ achieved an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.21 %, while demonstrating excellent long‐term stability. Moreover, the PCE of a larger‐area perovskite module (14.0 cm2) based on F4TCNQ reached 21.41 %. This work illuminates the multifaceted mechanisms of EWMs at the interfaces in PSCs, delivering pivotal insights that pave the way for the sophisticated design and strategic application of EWMs, thereby propelling the advancement of perovskite photovoltaic technology.
Synthesis, Antimicrobial, DNA Interactions, In Vitro Cytotoxicity, and Cell Cycle Analysis Efficiency of Newly Nano‐Sized Cu (II), Ni (II), Co (II), and Zn (II) Thio‐Schiff Base Complexes of 2‐((E)‐((4,5‐Dimethyl‐2‐(((E)‐4‐Methylbenzylidene)Amino)Phenyl)imino)Methyl)‐Benzenethiol
Authors: Aldulmani Sharah A. , Hakami Othman , M. A. Alaghaz Abdel‐Nasser 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTNano‐sized bivalent metal complexes, specifically [M(L)2] with L = 2‐((E)‐((4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐(((E)‐4‐methylbenzylidene)amino)phenyl)‐imino)methyl)benzenethiol] (C23H22N2S) and M = Cu (II) (C1), Co (II) (C2), Ni (II) (C3), and Zn (II) (C4), underwent synthesis and subsequent characterization. Elemental analyses, infrared, NMR, mass, electronic, magnetic susceptibility, conductivity assessments, and X‐ray diffraction studies were used to assess our bivalent metal complexes. DFT studies were used to study the tautomeric equilibrium of the tridentate thio‐Schiff base ligand (HL), via the DFT\B3LYP method in connection with a 6–311G* correlation consistent basis set. Two tautomers, which are thione and thiol forms, were studied to estimate the predominant one. The metal formed four coordinated with the tridentate N2S donor thio‐Schiff base to form octahedral geometry complexes. The SEM, TEM, XRD, AFM, and EDX of the studied complexes unveiled distinct and strong diffraction peaks, signifying their crystalline nature and providing evidence of their particle sizes being within the nano‐size. The crystal sizes calculated for all complexes were determined to be ranging from 27.73 to 76.39 nm. The interactions between metal complexes and calf thymus DNA, and their potential for mimicking insulin activity, were investigated in a controlled lab setting by measuring their ability to inhibit alpha‐amylase. The antimicrobial potential of thio‐Schiff base ligand (HL) plus complexes (C1–C4) were tested. The viscosity and UV–Vis absorption determinations were utilized to assess the calf thymus DNA (CT‐DNA) interaction with the nano‐sized metal (II) chelates. Our flow cytometry data indicate significant levels of apoptosis and cell cycle arresting in both liver and breast cancer cell lines.
Polydopamine‐coated iron‐nickel alloy and epoxy composites for electromagnetic interference shielding
Authors: Kim Hakjeong , Jeon Sera , Cho Yun Seong , Huang Chenyao , Na Seongmin , Lee Jihun , Chung Youngwook , Kang Joohoon , Kim Sang‐Woo , Choi Dukhyun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWith the development of electronic devices and wireless communication technology, the quality of human life has improved. However, shielding from electromagnetic interference (EMI) is required due to device malfunctions and harmful effects on human health. Polymer‐based shielding materials getting much attention due to their light weight, flexibility, good processability, and other desirable traits. However, achieving consistent dispersion of conductive fillers and optimizing the balance between electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties remain challenges despite the advantages of polymer‐based materials. Especially, epoxy resins are promising polymer materials for EMI shielding applications due to their excellent mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and excellent adhesive properties. Additionally, epoxy resin exhibits remarkable processability allowing for various fabrication techniques such as casting, molding, and three‐dimensional printing. However, one of the significant drawbacks of epoxy resin is the difficulty in achieving uniform dispersion of conductive fillers within the epoxy matrix. In this study, we propose an iron‐nickel alloy (FeNi) embedded in an epoxy matrix (FeNi/Epoxy) for EMI shielding material. It is manufactured by facile fabrication process due to the advantages of epoxy, which has excellent processability. EMI shielding effectiveness at 12 GHz is enhanced from 9.12 to 17.86 dB by the increase of FeNi concentrations. Furthermore, thermal and mechanical properties were improved by the increase of FeNi concentration. Thermal conductivity for efficient heat dissipation is increased from 0.63 to 1.49 Wm−1 K−1. Moreover, polydopamine (PDA) was employed as a surface coating material for FeNi to overcome the non‐uniform dispersion of FeNi particles in the epoxy matrix. Surface coating by PDA significantly enhanced the dispersion uniformity and strengthened the adhesion between the filler and matrix. Elastic modulus is greatly increased from 83.03 MPa to 1.29 GPa by the surface coating. The enhancement of mechanical properties is derived from the chemical bonds between the filler and matrix.
A Review of Integrated Photonic Devices Using Sb2Se3
Authors: Chen Xiaojun , Lin Jiao , Wang Ke 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe silicon photonic technology is a highly promising option for photonic integrated circuits and has attracted intensive interests, particularly since it can utilize complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor processing techniques and facilities, thereby realizing high‐density photonic integrations with low‐cost. Unfortunately, the thermo‐optic and the carrier dispersion effects, which are the typical means of tuning silicon photonics devices, bring the drawbacks of high power consumption and large device size due to the relatively weak effect with a small refractive index change and being volatile. For overcoming these drawbacks, phase‐change materials are introduced into silicon photonic devices, where VO2 and Ge2Sb2Te5 are the most commonly used ones. However, the key disadvantage of large loss resulting from them limits further improving the performances of integrated photonic devices. Therefore, Sb2Se3 has seen increasing interests recently in the design of silicon photonic integrated devices, benefiting from the advantages of having extremely low loss over the C‐band and being non‐volatile. In this paper, the trending recent studies about integrated optical devices are systematically reviewed using Sb2Se3, which are classified according to the device function.
Automated Robotic Cell Fabrication Technology for Stacked‐Type Lithium‐Oxygen Batteries
Authors: Matsuda Shoichi , Kimura Shin , Takahashi Misato 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRechargeable lithium‐oxygen batteries (LOBs) are gaining interest as next‐generation energy storage devices due to their superior theoretical energy density. While recent years have seen successful operation of LOBs with high cell‐level energy density, the technology for cell fabrication is still in its infancy. This is because the cell fabrication procedure for LOBs is quite different from that of conventional lithium‐ion batteries. The study presents a fully automated sequential robotic experimental setup for the fabrication of stacked‐type LOB cells. This approach allows for high accuracy and high throughput fabrication of the cells. The developed system enables the fabrication of over 80 cells per day, which is 10 times higher than conventional human‐based experiments. In addition, the high alignment accuracy during the electrode stacking and electrolyte injection process results in improved battery performance and reproducibility. The effectiveness of the developed system was also confirmed by investigating a multi‐component electrolyte to maximize battery performance. We believe the methodology demonstrated in the present study is beneficial for accelerating the research and development of LOBs.
Impact of energy saving and emission reduction policy: Empirical evidence from regional and local business in China
Authors: Bi Shenghao , Zhang Wanying , Yan Zhenjun , Appolloni Andrea 
Published: September 2024

AbstractReducing energy intensity (EI) is essential to promoting sustainable development. The “National Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Comprehensive Demonstration Fiscal Policy” (ESERP) is the green fiscal policy adopted by China in an effort to maximize energy use and promote sustainable development. The paper analyzes the influence of ESERP on EI from regional and business standpoint. The results indicate that ESERP is effective in reducing EI, especially when it is implemented in noneastern, low administrative, and high urbanization cities. This policy effect is realized by promoting green technology innovation and enhancing industrial structural upgrading. However, ESERP enhances EI of neighboring areas around the pilot cities, especially within 200 to 400 km of the perimeter. Meanwhile, the co‐implementation of ESERP and smart city pilot policies is beneficial in reducing EI. Additionally, business strategy analysis indicates that ESERP effectively reduces EI of firms, especially in private, technology‐intensive, asset‐intensive, and heavy polluting firms. This paper provides empirical experience for optimizing green fiscal policy and promoting sustainable business development, which has significant policy guidance value and business strategy significance.
Decarbonization types of medium‐sized and mid‐cap firms in the manufacturing sector
Authors: Block Joern , Lorenzen Solvej , Steinmetz Holger 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe decarbonization of the manufacturing sector is needed to meet the climate goals set by the Paris agreement. Most research so far has focused on large firms. Yet, medium‐sized and mid‐cap firms also face increasing pressures to decarbonize, particularly in their role as suppliers of large firms. Prior research shows that these firms are very heterogeneous and that approaches to decarbonize are not adopted in isolation but within sets or configurations—hence, a detailed investigation of these configurations is fruitful to understand the multiplicity of responses to decarbonization. Such an understanding allows to develop an effective decarbonization policy for medium‐sized and mid‐cap firms and provide meaningful managerial advice. Using a latent‐profile analysis, our study identifies five distinct decarbonization types of medium‐sized firms in the German manufacturing sector that adopt a specific configuration of decarbonization strategies. These types can be described as decarbonization all‐rounders, internal supply chain decarbonizers, total supply chain decarbonizers, decarbonization laggards and decarbonization sceptics. A comparison of these five decarbonization types reveals significant differences in stakeholder pressures, green capabilities and green innovation as well as firm performance and (structural) firm characteristics.
Discovery and Bioactivity Evaluation of Citrinin Derivatives from the Mangrove Sediment‐Derived Fungus Talaromyces sp. SCSIO 41428
Authors: Li Xinlong , Cai Jian , Chen Xinqi , Wu Yanghongyu , Liu Yonghong , Luo Xiaowei , Zhou Xuefeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA dimeric citrinin derivative with a unique spiro[chroman‐2,3′‐isochroman] skeleton, xerucitrinic acid C (1), and a new citrinin derivative, cladosporin E (6), along with ten known polyketides (2–5 and 7–12), were isolated from the mangrove sediment‐derived fungus Talaromyces sp. SCSIO 41428. Their structures were elucidated through comprehensive spectral data analysis. The absolute configurations of 1 and 6 were determined by quantum chemical calculations. Compound 1 exhibited significant inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus suis, with the MIC of 25 μg/mL for both bacterial strains. Xerucitrinin C (3) exhibited significant radical scavenging activity against DPPH, with an IC50 value of 25.4 μM, and also demonstrated inhibitory activity against phosphodiesterase‐4 (PDE4). Moreover, cladosporin C (7) notably inhibited prostate cancer cells PC‐3 and 22Rv1, with IC50 values of 6.10 and 9.25 μM, respectively.