bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adoption of pediatric‐inspired acute lymphoblastic leukemia regimens by adult oncologists treating adolescents and young adults: A population‐based study
Authors: Muffly Lori , Lichtensztajn Daphne , Shiraz Parveen , Abrahão Renata , McNeer Jennifer , Stock Wendy , Keegan Theresa , Gomez Scarlett Lin 
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUNDStudies have demonstrated superior outcomes for adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who are treated using pediatric versus adult therapeutic regimens. To the best of our knowledge, whether adult oncologists in the United States have adopted this approach to ALL in AYA patients is currently unknown. The objective of the current study was to provide a population‐based description of ALL treatment patterns in AYA individuals over the past decade.METHODSData regarding AYA patients aged 15 to 39 years and diagnosed with ALL between 2004 and 2014 while living in the Greater Bay Area were obtained from the Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry (GBACR). Treating facilities were designated as pediatric or adult centers; induction treatment regimens were abstracted from registry text data fields.RESULTSOf 304 patients diagnosed in the GBACR catchment region, complete treatment data were available for 229 (75%). The location of care was identified for 296 patients (97%) treated at 31 unique centers. Approximately 70% of AYA patients received induction therapy at an adult treatment center. All AYA patients who were treated at pediatric centers received pediatric ALL regimens. Among AYA patients treated by adult oncologists with complete treatment data, none received a pediatric regimen before 2008. Between 2008 and 2012, while the US Adult Intergroup C10403 pediatric‐inspired ALL protocol was open to accrual, 31% of AYA patients treated by adult oncologists received pediatric regimens. This rate fell to 21% from 2013 through 2014. Adult facilities treating ≥ 2 AYA patients with ALL per year captured in the GBACR were more likely to administer pediatric regimens than lower volume centers (P = .03).CONCLUSIONSAs of 2014, only a minority of AYA patients with ALL received pediatric ALL regimens at adult cancer centers. Cancer 2017;122–130. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Reverse Phase Protein Arrays for Compound Profiling
Authors: Moerke Nathan , Fallahi‐Sichani Mohammad 
Published: September 2016

AbstractReverse phase protein arrays (RPPAs), also called reverse phase lysate arrays (RPLAs), involve immobilizing cell or tissue lysates, in small spots, onto solid supports which are then probed with primary antibodies specific for proteins or post‐translational modifications of interest. RPPA assays are well suited for large‐scale, high‐throughput measurement of protein and PTM levels in cells and tissues. RPPAs are affordable and highly multiplexable, as a large number of arrays can readily be produced in parallel and then probed separately with distinct primary antibodies. This article describes a procedure for treating cells and preparing cell lysates, as well as a procedure for generating RPPAs using these lysates. A method for probing, imaging, and analyzing RPPAs is also described. These procedures are readily adaptable to a wide range of studies of cell signaling in response to drugs and other perturbations. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Dental calculus detection using the VistaCam
Authors: Shakibaie Fardad , Walsh Laurence J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe VistaCam® intra‐oral camera system (Dürr Dental, Bietigheim‐Bissingen, Germany) is a fluorescence system using light emitting diodes that produce a 405‐nm violet light. This wavelength has potential application for detection of dental calculus based on red emissions from porphyrin molecules. This study assessed the digital scores obtained for both supragingival and subgingival calculus on 60 extracted teeth and compared these with lesions of dental caries. It has also examined the effect of saliva and blood on the fluorescence readings for dental calculus. VistaCam fluorescence scores for both supragingival (1.7–3.3) and subgingival calculus (1.3–2.4) were higher than those for sound root surfaces (0.9–1.1) and dental caries (0.9–2.2) (p < .05). The readings for calculus samples were not affected by the presence of saliva or blood. These results suggest that the use of violet light fluorescence could be a possible adjunct to clinical examination for deposits of dental calculus.
The changing biodiversity of Alabama Drosophila: important impacts of seasonal variation, urbanization, and invasive species
Authors: Bombin Andrei , Reed Laura K. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractGlobal warming and anthropogenic disturbances significantly influence the biosphere, tremendously increasing species extinction rates. In Central Alabama, we analyzed Drosophilidae species composition change nearly 100 years after the previous survey. We found ten Drosophilid species that were not reported during the last major biodiversity studies, two of which are invasive pests. In addition, we analyzed the influence of seasonal environmental variables characteristic of the subtropical climate zone on Drosophila abundance and biodiversity. We found a significant correlation between temperature and abundance of total Drosophila as well as for six of the seven most represented species individually, with a maximum abundance at intermediate temperatures (18–26°C). In addition, temperature was positively correlated with biodiversity of Drosophila. Precipitation produced a significant effect on the abundance of five species of Drosophila, with different optima for each species, but did not affect overall biodiversity. We concluded that in the subtropical climate zone of Central Alabama, seasonal temperature and precipitation changes produce a significant effect on Drosophila abundance and biodiversity, while local land use also impacts fly abundance, contributing to an apparent shift in species composition over the last century. We expect global climate change and other anthropogenic factors to further impact Drosophila species composition in the subtropical climate zone into the future.
Attitude Control of Quadrotor in Consideration of the Effects of a Pole Based on Limited Pole Placement
Authors: SUGAWARA YASUNORI , SHIMADA AKIRA 
Published: September 2016

SUMMARYThis paper introduces an attitude control technique for a quadrotor aircraft. Considering that the nonlinear characteristics of the aircraft makes it difficult to stabilize, a quadrotor controlled with an adaptive algorithm. Accordingly, we proposed a quadrotor application with backstepping based on the Lyapunov function. Furthermore, we designed a separate actuator control to be mounted on the aircraft for the control of the quadrotor. This approach is often used in industrial equipment. In particular, the limited pole placement (LPP) method is applied to design the controller considering the characteristics of the actuator. The representative simulation results are presented and discussed.
Trajectory Design of Galvano Scanner Considering Voltage Constraint of Current Amplifier
Authors: UEDA SHINJI , KUROKI YUKIE , HIRATA MITSUO 
Published: September 2016

SUMMARYThis paper proposes a new method for designing feedforward inputs for Galvano scanners in laser drilling machines. The heat generated by current amplifiers becomes a problem as the positioning speed of the Galvano scanner is increased. The proposed method involves the use of a final‐state control that considers the voltage constraint of a current amplifier. By constraining the applied voltage to the motor, the power supply voltage of the current amplifier is reduced. Therefore, the electricity consumed and the heat generated by the current amplifier can be reduced. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown through simulation and experimental results.
A novel, integrated forensic microdevice on a rotation‐driven platform: Buccal swab to STR product in less than 2 h
Authors: Cox Jordan O. , DeCarmen Teresa Sikes , Ouyang Yiwen , Strachan Briony , Sloane Hillary , Connon Cathey , Gibson Kemper , Jackson Kimberly , Landers James P. , Cruz Tracey Dawson 
Published: September 2016

This work describes the development of a novel microdevice for forensic DNA processing of reference swabs. This microdevice incorporates an enzyme‐based assay for DNA preparation, which allows for faster processing times and reduced sample handling. Infrared‐mediated PCR (IR‐PCR) is used for STR amplification using a custom reaction mixture, allowing for amplification of STR loci in 45 min while circumventing the limitations of traditional block thermocyclers. Uniquely positioned valves coupled with a simple rotational platform are used to exert fluidic control, eliminating the need for bulky external equipment. All microdevices were fabricated using laser ablation and thermal bonding of PMMA layers. Using this microdevice, the enzyme‐mediated DNA liberation module produced DNA yields similar to or higher than those produced using the traditional (tube‐based) protocol. Initial microdevice IR‐PCR experiments to test the amplification module and reaction (using Phusion Flash/SpeedSTAR) generated near‐full profiles that suffered from interlocus peak imbalance and poor adenylation (significant −A). However, subsequent attempts using KAPA 2G and Pfu Ultra polymerases generated full STR profiles with improved interlocus balance and the expected adenylated product. A fully integrated run designed to test microfluidic control successfully generated CE‐ready STR amplicons in less than 2 h (<1 h of hands‐on time). Using this approach, high‐quality STR profiles were developed that were consistent with those produced using conventional DNA purification and STR amplification methods. This method is a smaller, more elegant solution than current microdevice methods and offers a cheaper, hands‐free, closed‐system alternative to traditional forensic methods.
Earthquake risk assessment of buildings accounting for human evacuation
Authors: Poulos Alan , de la Llera Juan Carlos , Mitrani‐Reiser Judith 
Published: September 2016

SummaryA primary goal of earthquake engineering is to protect society from the possible negative consequences of future earthquakes. Conventionally, this goal has been achieved indirectly by reducing seismic damage of the built environment through better building codes, or more comprehensibly, by minimizing seismic risk. However, the effect that building damage has on occupants is not explicitly taken into account while designing infrastructure. Consequently, this paper introduces a conceptual framework and numerical algorithm to assess earthquake risk on building occupants during seismic events, considering the evacuation process of the structure. The framework combines probabilistic seismic hazard analysis, inelastic structural response analysis and damage assessment, and couples these results with the response of evacuating agents. The results are cast as probability distributions of variables that measure the overall performance of the system (e.g., evacuation times, number of injured people, and repair costs) for specific time windows. As a testbed, the framework was applied to the response of a reinforced concrete frame building that exemplifies the use of all steps of the methodology. The results suggest that this seismic risk evaluation framework of structural systems that combine the response of a physical model with human agents can be extended to a wide variety of other situations, including the assessment of mitigation actions in communities and people to improve their earthquake resilience. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Toxicant mixtures in sediment alter gene expression in the cysteine metabolism of Chironomus tepperi
Authors: Jeppe Katherine J. , Carew Melissa E. , Pettigrove Vincent , Hoffmann Ary A. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Sediment contamination can pose risks to the environment, and sediment toxicity tests have been developed to isolate the impact of sediment from other factors. Mixtures of contaminants often occur in sediments, and traditional endpoints used in toxicity testing, such as growth, reproduction, and survival, cannot discern the cause of toxicity from chemical mixtures because of complex interactions. In urban waterways, the synthetic pyrethroid bifenthrin and the metal copper are commonly found in mixtures, so the present study was designed to investigate how these contaminants cause toxicity in mixtures. To investigate this, Chironomus tepperi was exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of copper and bifenthrin-spiked sediments in a 2-way factorial mixture for 5 d. Growth and expression profiles of cysteine metabolism genes were measured after exposure. Growth increased at low copper concentrations, decreased at high copper concentrations, and was unaffected by bifenthrin exposures. Copper exposures induced possible cellular repair by upregulating S-adenosylmethionine synthetase expression and downregulating expression of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase and cystathionine-β-synthase. Metallothionein upregulation was also observed. Bifenthrin exposure altered cysteine metabolism to a lesser extent, downregulating cystathionine-β-synthase and γ-glutamylcysteine synthase. Synergistic, antagonistic, and dose-dependent interactions were observed, and there was evidence of conflicting modes of action and limited substrate production. These findings demonstrate how contextual gene expression changes can be sensitive and specific identifiers of toxicant exposure in mixtures. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:691–698. © 2016 SETAC
Stochastic geometry based asymptotic analysis for two‐tier HetNets with massive MIMO relay employing MRC/MRT and ZF processing
Authors: Jia Xiangdong , Zhou Meng , Yang Longxiang , Zhu Hongbo 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis paper focuses on the multi‐pair amplify‐and‐forward massive multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) relay enabled two‐tier heterogeneous cellular networks in terms of aggregate spectral efficiency (SE), where the macro cells are overlaid with dense small cells. Specially, the maximum ratio combining/maximal ratio transmission and zero‐forcing processing schemes are employed at massive MIMO relay, respectively. The macro base stations located in the center of the cells are equipped with massive MIMO antenna array, while the randomly distributed macro users (MUs), small cell base stations, and small cell users are equipped with single antenna. The positions of MUs, small cell users and small cell base stations are modelled as independent Poisson point processes. For such two‐tier heterogeneous cellular networks, to obtain the aggregate SE in target cell, we first formulate the end‐to‐end signal‐to‐interference noise ratios for a communication pair as well as the expression of power amplification factor at target macro base stations so that the total spectrum efficiency per cell is formulated. Then, by employing stochastic geometry, the closed‐form expressions of the power amplification factor and the expectation of the reciprocal of the equivalent end‐to‐end signal‐to‐interference noise ratios are achieved. With these results, we derive the lower bounds of SEs for maximum ratio combining/maximal ratio transmission and zero‐forcing schemes. The derivations display a clear perspective about the impact of network parameters on the system‐level performance, which includes macro cell radius, small cell radius, macro cell guard radius, the mean number of MUs per cell and so on. To achieve optimal (or suboptimal) system performance, we find that the radius of small cell should be less than the guard radius. For the guard radius, there exists an upper bound, only under which the increase of the guard radius would contribute to the improvement of SE. At the same time, our results show that with given network parameters, especially the guard radius and the small cell radius, there exists a unique greatest lower bound in terms of macro cell radius. When the macro cell radius is less than the greatest lower bound, the aggregate SE is increasing with the macro cell radius. On the contrary, the achievable aggregate SE saturates to the corresponding constant, approximately. In addition, the greatest lower bound of the macro cell radius is the function of the guard radius and the small cell radius. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of end‐to‐end multi‐domain management and orchestration frameworks for software defined infrastructures: an architectural survey
Authors: Guerzoni Riccardo , Vaishnavi Ishan , Perez Caparros David , Galis Alex , Tusa Francesco , Monti Paolo , Sganbelluri Andrea , Biczók Gergely , Sonkoly Balasz , Toka Laszlo , Ramos Aurora , Melián Javier , Dugeon Olivier , Cugini Filippo , Martini Barbara , Iovanna Paola , Giuliani Giovanni , Figueiredo Ricardo , Contreras‐Murillo Luis Miguel , Bernardos Carlos J. , Santana Cristina , Szabo Robert 
Published: September 2016

AbstractOver the last couple of years, industry operators' associations issued requirements towards an end‐to‐end management and orchestration plane for 5G networks. Consequently, standard organisations started their activities in this domain. This article provides an analysis and an architectural survey of these initiatives and of the main requirements, proposes descriptions for the key concepts of domain, resource and service slicing, end‐to‐end orchestration and a reference architecture for the end‐to‐end orchestration plane. Then, a set of currently available or under development domain orchestration frameworks are mapped to this reference architecture. These frameworks, meant to provide coordination and automated management of cloud and networking resources, network functions and services, fulfil multi‐domain (i.e. multi‐technology and multi‐operator) orchestration requirements, thus enabling the realisation of an end‐to‐end orchestration plane. Finally, based on the analysis of existing single‐domain and multi‐domain orchestration components and requirements, this paper presents a functional architecture for the end‐to‐end management and orchestration plane, paving the way to its full realisation. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Altered cortical beta‐band oscillations reflect motor system degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Proudfoot Malcolm , Rohenkohl Gustavo , Quinn Andrew , Colclough Giles L. , Wuu Joanne , Talbot Kevin , Woolrich Mark W. , Benatar Michael , Nobre Anna C. , Turner Martin R. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractContinuous rhythmic neuronal oscillations underpin local and regional cortical communication. The impact of the motor system neurodegenerative syndrome amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) on the neuronal oscillations subserving movement might therefore serve as a sensitive marker of disease activity. Movement preparation and execution are consistently associated with modulations to neuronal oscillation beta (15–30 Hz) power. Cortical beta‐band oscillations were measured using magnetoencephalography (MEG) during preparation for, execution, and completion of a visually cued, lateralized motor task that included movement inhibition trials. Eleven “classical” ALS patients, 9 with the primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) phenotype, and 12 asymptomatic carriers of ALS‐associated gene mutations were compared with age‐similar healthy control groups. Augmented beta desynchronization was observed in both contra‐ and ipsilateral motor cortices of ALS patients during motor preparation. Movement execution coincided with excess beta desynchronization in asymptomatic mutation carriers. Movement completion was followed by a slowed rebound of beta power in all symptomatic patients, further reflected in delayed hemispheric lateralization for beta rebound in the PLS group. This may correspond to the particular involvement of interhemispheric fibers of the corpus callosum previously demonstrated in diffusion tensor imaging studies. We conclude that the ALS spectrum is characterized by intensified cortical beta desynchronization followed by delayed rebound, concordant with a broader concept of cortical hyperexcitability, possibly through loss of inhibitory interneuronal influences. MEG may potentially detect cortical dysfunction prior to the development of overt symptoms, and thus be able to contribute to the assessment of future neuroprotective strategies. Hum Brain Mapp 38:237–254, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Time related effects on functional brain connectivity after serotonergic and cholinergic neuromodulation
Authors: Klaassens Bernadet L. , Rombouts Serge A.R.B. , Winkler Anderson M. , van Gorsel Helene C. , van der Grond Jeroen , van Gerven Joop M.A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPsychopharmacological research, if properly designed, may offer insight into both timing and area of effect, increasing our understanding of the brain's neurotransmitter systems. For that purpose, the acute influence of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram (30 mg) and the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor galantamine (8 mg) was repeatedly measured in 12 healthy young volunteers with resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS‐fMRI). Eighteen RS‐fMRI scans were acquired per subject during this randomized, double blind, placebo‐controlled, crossover study. Within‐group comparisons of voxelwise functional connectivity with 10 functional networks were examined (P < 0.05, FWE‐corrected) using a non‐parametric multivariate approach with cerebrospinal fluid, white matter, heart rate, and baseline measurements as covariates. Although both compounds did not change cognitive performance on several tests, significant effects were found on connectivity with multiple resting state networks. Serotonergic stimulation primarily reduced connectivity with the sensorimotor network and structures that are related to self‐referential mechanisms, whereas galantamine affected networks and regions that are more involved in learning, memory, and visual perception and processing. These results are consistent with the serotonergic and cholinergic trajectories and their functional relevance. In addition, this study demonstrates the power of using repeated measures after drug administration, which offers the chance to explore both combined and time specific effects. Hum Brain Mapp 38:308–325, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.