bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of a Damaged Implant for Retention of an Overdenture Prosthesis and Fixed Single Crown: Clinical Reports
Authors: Hansen Paul A. , Salinas Arturo A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis article demonstrates a method to salvage an implant that has been damaged or is no longer usable because of a fractured screw that cannot be removed. In the first situation the patient had a Locator abutment that fractured during torqueing of the abutment. Despite the attempt to remove the fractured screw, it was not retrievable, and the internal threads of the implant were damaged in the attempt to remove the screw. Rather than removing the implant or covering it and sleeping the implant, a custom cast post was used to restore the implant to function. A second example describes a patient with a fixed implant crown. The implant was damaged during attempts to remove the fractured screw. A custom post was fabricated and cemented, and a new crown was fabricated.
Is a Fixed Hybrid Prosthesis with Distal Cantilever Appropriate for Maxillofacial Defects? A Report of Two Patients
Authors: Altintas Subutay Han , Kilic Serdar , Yilmaz Altintas Nuray , Cizmeci Senel Figen 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe most important objectives in restoring the maxillofacial patient are the restoration of function and psychological improvement through esthetics. Acquired maxillary and mandibular defects due to significant trauma or surgery represent a major challenge for the clinician and patient. Dental implant‐retained prostheses represent a well‐documented and reliable treatment option and can also help patients with maxillofacial defects by eliminating denture instability and improving function. Full‐arch fixed dental hybrid prostheses provide functional and psychological advantages and also reduce the load on vulnerable soft and hard tissues in the reconstruction area. Two clinical reports are presented describing the prosthetic rehabilitation using dental implant‐supported fixed hybrid prostheses with clinical and radiographic follow‐up of 3 years.
Traffic Safety Evaluation for Railway Bridges Using Expanded Multisensor Data Fusion
Authors: Park Jong‐Woong , Lee Kyoung‐Chan , Sim Sung‐Han , Jung Hyung‐Jo , Spencer Billie F. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe traffic safety of a railway bridge is generally evaluated by levels of structural responses such as acceleration, vertical displacement, and deck twist. Whereas acceleration can be readily measured in general, acquiring displacement and twist responses in field testing is often a challenging task due to lack of appropriate sensors. As most existing displacement transducers are designed to measure at a single location, the deck twist which is calculated from four displacements requires costly and labor‐intensive sensor instrumentation. To effectively address the issue, this study proposes an integral strategy for the traffic safety evaluation of railway bridges using multisensor data. The proposed approach provides a formulation to estimate the dense displacement necessary for obtaining twist responses using acceleration and strain measurements. Wireless sensors are adopted because of their intrinsic advantages in multimetric sensing of heterogeneous data, convenient sensor instrumentation, and high‐fidelity time‐synchronized data acquisition. The proposed approach for dense displacement estimation is numerically and experimentally validated using beam models. Subsequently, a full‐scale experiment on a railway bridge is conducted to evaluate the traffic safety for high‐speed trains at three different speeds of 280 km/h, 300 km/h, and 400 km/h. The acceleration, vertical displacement, and twist are obtained and compared with design limits to determine the traffic safety of the railway bridge.
Interactions of Oryza sativa OsCONTINUOUS VASCULAR RING‐LIKE 1 (OsCOLE1) and OsCOLE1‐INTERACTING PROTEIN reveal a novel intracellular auxin transport mechanism
Authors: Liu Fei , Zhang Lan , Luo Yanzhong , Xu Miaoyun , Fan Yunliu , Wang Lei 
Published: June 2016

Summary

Little is known about the transport mechanism of intracellular auxin. Here, we report two vacuole‐localized proteins, Oryza sativa OsCONTINUOUS VASCULAR RING‐LIKE 1 (OsCOLE1) and OsCOLE1‐INTERACTING PROTEIN (OsCLIP), that regulate intracellular auxin transport and homoeostasis.

Overexpression of OsCOLE1 markedly increased the internode length and auxin content of the stem base, whereas these parameters were decreased in RNA interference (RNAi) plants. OsCOLE1 was localized on the tonoplast and preferentially expressed in mature tissues. We further identified its interacting protein OsCLIP, which was co‐localized on the tonoplast.

Protein−protein binding assays demonstrated that the N‐terminus of OsCOLE1 directly interacted with OsCLIP in yeast cells and the rice protoplast. Furthermore, 3H‐indole‐3‐acetic acid (3H‐IAA) transport assays revealed that OsCLIP transported IAA into yeast cells, which was promoted by OsCOLE1.

The results indicate that OsCOLE1 affects rice development by regulating intracellular auxin transport through interaction with OsCLIP, which provides a new insight into the regulatory mechanism of intracellular transport of auxin and the roles of vacuoles in plant development.
Common mycorrhizal networks amplify competition by preferential mineral nutrient allocation to large host plants
Authors: Weremijewicz Joanna , Sternberg Leonel da Silveira Lobo O'Reilly , Janos David P. 
Published: June 2016

Summary

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi interconnect plants in common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs) which can amplify competition among neighbors. Amplified competition might result from the fungi supplying mineral nutrients preferentially to hosts that abundantly provide fixed carbon, as suggested by research with organ‐cultured roots. We examined whether CMNs supplied 15N preferentially to large, nonshaded, whole plants.

We conducted an intraspecific target–neighbor pot experiment with Andropogon gerardii and several AM fungi in intact, severed or prevented CMNs. Neighbors were supplied 15N, and half of the target plants were shaded.

Intact CMNs increased target dry weight (DW), intensified competition and increased size inequality. Shading decreased target weight, but shaded plants in intact CMNs had mycorrhizal colonization similar to that of sunlit plants. AM fungi in intact CMNs acquired 15N from the substrate of neighbors and preferentially allocated it to sunlit, large, target plants.

Sunlit, intact CMN, target plants acquired as much as 27% of their nitrogen from the vicinity of their neighbors, but shaded targets did not. These results suggest that AM fungi in CMNs preferentially provide mineral nutrients to those conspecific host individuals best able to provide them with fixed carbon or representing the strongest sinks, thereby potentially amplifying asymmetric competition below ground.
A Plasmodium‐like virulence effector of the soybean cyst nematode suppresses plant innate immunity
Authors: Noon Jason B. , Qi Mingsheng , Sill Danielle N. , Muppirala Usha , Eves‐van den Akker Sebastian , Maier Thomas R. , Dobbs Drena , Mitchum Melissa G. , Hewezi Tarek , Baum Thomas J. 
Published: June 2016

Summary

Heterodera glycines, the soybean cyst nematode, delivers effector proteins into soybean roots to initiate and maintain an obligate parasitic relationship. HgGLAND18 encodes a candidate H. glycines effector and is expressed throughout the infection process.

We used a combination of molecular, genetic, bioinformatic and phylogenetic analyses to determine the role of HgGLAND18 during H. glycines infection.

HgGLAND18 is necessary for pathogenicity in compatible interactions with soybean. The encoded effector strongly suppresses both basal and hypersensitive cell death innate immune responses, and immunosuppression requires the presence and coordination between multiple protein domains. The N‐terminal domain in HgGLAND18 contains unique sequence similarity to domains of an immunosuppressive effector of Plasmodium spp., the malaria parasites. The Plasmodium effector domains functionally complement the loss of the N‐terminal domain from HgGLAND18.

In‐depth sequence searches and phylogenetic analyses demonstrate convergent evolution between effectors from divergent parasites of plants and animals as the cause of sequence and functional similarity.
Resource Rights and Territory
Authors: Nine Cara 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis essay examines the most recent justifications for a people's (or state's) exclusive right to resources as part of a territorial right. Divided into eight parts, the discussion covers contemporary philosophical discussion regarding: the conception of natural resources, the conception of resource rights, the general form of arguments supporting resource rights, arguments from self‐determination, objections to arguments from self‐determination, arguments from residence, arguments from improvement, and new directions for research in the future.
Occupational differences in work engagement: A longitudinal study among eight occupational groups in Norway
Authors: Innstrand Siw Tone 
Published: June 2016

The aim of the present study was to explore occupational differences in the experience of engagement both with regard to differences in the level of work engagement as well as in the predicting value of different antecedent variables. Multigroup latent mean analysis was performed on eight different occupational groups in Norway (lawyers, physicians, nurses, teachers, church ministers, bus drivers, and people working in advertising and information technology; N = 3,475). Tests for factorial invariance supported the use of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory scale across occupational groups and that the latent means were comparable across the groups. Results indicated significant occupational differences in the experience of vigor and dedication. The lawyers reported the most vigor and the church ministers the most dedication. Least vigor was reported among the teachers and the advertising group reported to be least dedicated. Cross‐lagged multigroup structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis suggested there are different processes behind the development of engagement across occupations. Visualization of how some occupations cluster or differ from each other is important as it might engender theory building and further hypotheses testing.
An overview of technical considerations for Western blotting applications to physiological research
Authors: Bass J. J. , Wilkinson D. J. , Rankin D. , Phillips B. E. , Szewczyk N. J. , Smith K. , Atherton P. J. 
Published: June 2016

The applications of Western/immunoblotting (WB) techniques have reached multiple layers of the scientific community and are now considered routine procedures in the field of physiology. This is none more so than in relation to skeletal muscle physiology (i.e., resolving the mechanisms underpinning adaptations to exercise). Indeed, the inclusion of WB data is now considered an essential aspect of many such physiological publications to provide mechanistic insight into regulatory processes. Despite this popularity, and due to the ubiquitous and relatively inexpensive availability of WB equipment, the quality of WB in publications and subsequent analysis and interpretation of the data can be variable, perhaps resulting in spurious conclusions. This may be due to poor laboratory technique and/or lack of comprehension of the critical steps involved in WB and what quality control procedures should be in place to ensure robust data generation. The present review aims to provide a detailed description and critique of WB procedures and technicalities, from sample collection through preparation, blotting and detection, to analysis of the data collected. We aim to provide the reader with improved expertise to critically conduct, evaluate, and troubleshoot the WB process, to produce reproducible and reliable blots.
Use of nutritional supplements by Danish elite athletes and fitness customers
Authors: Solheim S. A. , Nordsborg N. B. , Ritz C. , Berget J. , Kristensen A. H. , Mørkeberg J. 
Published: June 2016

The nutritional supplement (NS) industry is one of the fastest growing in the world, and NS use in Denmark is among the highest in Europe. However, the exact use in elite athletes and fitness customers targeted for doping control is unknown. Information from 634 doping control forms obtained in 2014 was evaluated (elite athletes: n = 361; fitness customers: n = 273). The majority of female (92.6%) and male (85.0%) elite athletes and female (100.0%) and male (94.0%) fitness customers declared using one or more NS. The use of non‐ergogenic NS was more prevalent in women than in men and in younger (15–34 years) compared with older (35–49 years) subjects, but it was less prevalent in intermittent compared with endurance and power/strength sports. Additionally, fitness customers who tested positive for doping also reported using more NS than subjects testing negative, indicating an association between NS and doping abuse. The present results demonstrate a very high prevalence of NS usage in both elite athletes and fitness customers. This highlights the importance of a strong national regulation of NS to avoid contamination of NS with doping substances.
The dynamic relationship between cerebellar Purkinje cell simple spikes and the spikelet number of complex spikes
Authors: Burroughs Amelia , Wise Andrew K. , Xiao Jianqiang , Houghton Conor , Tang Tianyu , Suh Colleen Y. , Lang Eric J. , Apps Richard , Cerminara Nadia L. 
Published: June 2016

Key points
Purkinje cells are the sole output of the cerebellar cortex and fire two distinct types of action potential: simple spikes and complex spikes.
Previous studies have mainly considered complex spikes as unitary events, even though the waveform is composed of varying numbers of spikelets.
The extent to which differences in spikelet number affect simple spike activity (and vice versa) remains unclear.
We found that complex spikes with greater numbers of spikelets are preceded by higher simple spike firing rates but, following the complex spike, simple spikes are reduced in a manner that is graded with spikelet number.
This dynamic interaction has important implications for cerebellar information processing, and suggests that complex spike spikelet number may maintain Purkinje cells within their operational range.
AbstractPurkinje cells are central to cerebellar function because they form the sole output of the cerebellar cortex. They exhibit two distinct types of action potential: simple spikes and complex spikes. It is widely accepted that interaction between these two types of impulse is central to cerebellar cortical information processing. Previous investigations of the interactions between simple spikes and complex spikes have mainly considered complex spikes as unitary events. However, complex spikes are composed of an initial large spike followed by a number of secondary components, termed spikelets. The number of spikelets within individual complex spikes is highly variable and the extent to which differences in complex spike spikelet number affects simple spike activity (and vice versa) remains poorly understood. In anaesthetized adult rats, we have found that Purkinje cells recorded from the posterior lobe vermis and hemisphere have high simple spike firing frequencies that precede complex spikes with greater numbers of spikelets. This finding was also evident in a small sample of Purkinje cells recorded from the posterior lobe hemisphere in awake cats. In addition, complex spikes with a greater number of spikelets were associated with a subsequent reduction in simple spike firing rate. We therefore suggest that one important function of spikelets is the modulation of Purkinje cell simple spike firing frequency, which has implications for controlling cerebellar cortical output and motor learning.
Protease Inhibitors Do Not Affect Antibody Responses to Pneumococcal Vaccination
Authors: De La Rosa Indhira , Munjal Iona M. , Rodriguez-Barradas Maria , Yu Xiaoying , Pirofski Liise-anne , Mendoza Daniel 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTHIV+subjects on optimal antiretroviral therapy have persistently impaired antibody responses to pneumococcal vaccination. We explored the possibility that this effect may be due to HIV protease inhibitors (PIs). We found that in humans and mice, PIs do not affect antibody production in response to pneumococcal vaccination.
Factors influencing Malawian women's willingness to self-collect samples for human papillomavirus testing
Authors: Esber Allahna , McRee Annie-Laurie , Norris Turner Abigail , Phuka John , Norris Alison 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundMalawi has the highest incidence of cervical cancer in the world. Only 3% of Malawian women have ever been screened for cervical cancer. Self-collection of samples for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing could increase screening among under-screened and hard-to-reach populations. However, little is known about the acceptability of self-collection in rural African settings.AimWe aimed to characterise Malawian women's willingness to self-collect vaginal samples for HPV testing and to identify potential barriers.DesignWe used data from the baseline wave of a community-based cohort study, collected from July 2014 to February 2015.SettingParticipants were enrolled from the catchment area of a clinic in rural Lilongwe District, Malawi.MethodsWe enrolled women aged 15–39 years (n=824). Participants answered questions assessing willingness to self-collect a sample for HPV testing, concerns about testing and other hypothesised correlates of willingness to self-collect.ResultsTwo-thirds (67%) of the women reported willingness to self-collect a vaginal sample in their homes. Awareness of cervical cancer, supportive subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, and clinician recommendations were all positively associated with increased willingness to self-collect samples for HPV testing. Identified barriers to self-testing endorsed by women included: concerns that the test might hurt (22%), that they might not do the test correctly (21%), and that the test might not be accurate (17%).ConclusionsThis study suggests that self-collection for HPV testing could be an acceptable cervical cancer screening method in this rural population. Findings identify modifiable beliefs and barriers that can inform the development of effective screening programmes.
Experimental evaluation of stent retrievers’ mechanical properties and effectiveness
Authors: Machi Paolo , Jourdan Franck , Ambard Dominique , Reynaud Cedric , Lobotesis Kyriakos , Sanchez Mathieu , Bonafé Alain , Costalat Vincent 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundFive randomized controlled trials recently appeared in the literature demonstrating that early mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke is significantly related to an improved outcome. Stent retrievers are accepted as the most effective devices for intracranial thrombectomy.ObjectiveTo analyze the mechanical properties of stent retrievers, their behavior during retrieval, and interaction with different clots and to identify device features that might correlate with the effectiveness of thrombus removal.Materials and methodsAll stent retrievers available in France up to June 2015 were evaluated by mechanical and functional tests aimed at investigating the variation of their radial force and their behavior during retrieval. Devices were also tested during in vitro thrombectomies using white and red experimental thrombi produced with human blood. Functional tests and in vitro thrombectomies were conducted using a rigid 3D printed vascular model.ResultsMechanical tests showed a variation in radial force during retrieval for each stent. A constant radial force during retrieval was related to continuous cohesion over the vessel wall and a higher rate of clot removal efficacy. All stent retrievers failed when interacting with white large thrombi (diameter ≥6 mm).ConclusionsNone of the tested devices were effective in removing white clots of large diameter (≥6 mm). Constant radial force during retrieval allows constant cohesion to the vessel wall and pressure over the clot; such features allow for a higher rate of clot removal.
Favourable long‐term outcome of granulomatous colitis involving two Escherichia coli strains with multiple antimicrobial resistances in a French bulldog in Germany
Authors: Mueller Maximilliane , Dahlem Dorothee Petra , Henrich Manfred , Neiger Reto , Schmitz Silke 
Published: June 2016

A two‐year‐old female French bulldog was presented for chronic large bowel diarrhoea. The dog had been suspected to have granulomatous colitis, but no improvement was noted with enrofloxacin treatment. Diagnosis was confirmed by histology and fluorescent in situ hybridisation. Isolated Escherichia coli strains showed multiple resistances to antimicrobials, including enrofloxacin. Treatment with potentiated amoxicillin and cefovecin resulted in complete resolution of clinical signs within two weeks and treatment was continued for a total of eight weeks. The dog had no signs of large bowel diarrhoea and gained 2 kg of bodyweight within 10 months. This is the first case report of a French bulldog with granulomatous colitis with a favourable long‐term outcome despite colonisation with multiresistant adherent‐invasive E coli. This case highlights the importance of antimicrobial sensitivity testing from colonic mucosal biopsy samples in canine granulomatous colitis. It should raise awareness of this disease in continental Europe.
Investigating Ferroresonance Phenomenon in a Single-Phase Transformer with the Effect of Magnetic Hysteresis
Authors: Rezaeealam Behrooz , Norouzi Behzad 
Published: June 2016

<p>Ferroresonance is a non-linear phenomenon and very dynamic in the power quality problems. This phenomenon should be carefully analyzed so that preventive measures could be taken before its appearance and prevent injury and damage to electrical power appliances. Ferroresonance is seen more in the middle-voltage networks with supplying unloaded or slightly loaded transformers by cables. The materials used in the manufacture of transformer cores are creates a major role in their dynamic behavior. In this article are used from two types magnetic material GOES and NGOES in the transformer core of single phase. The physical behavior of these materials is considered during the core hysteresis. For modeling the hysteresis loop has been used from Jiles-Atherton method. By using the finite element method and with help COMSOL Multiphysics Software, transformer is simulated in two space dimensions. Laboratory test the transformer core hysteresis loop is described and shows which the Jiles-Atherton model is one of the best known models of hysteresis. The results shows which use of GOES materials in the transformer core is cause Significant reduction the core losses in comparison with the NGOES materials. Also change of ferroresonance mode and the severity its occurrence are the results of changing the material used in the transformer core.</p>