bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of sugar and sweetener warning labels on substitution between sugar- and non-sugar sweetened beverages in a real-world selection task
Authors: Miller Caroline , Kay Enola , Dono Joanne , Ettridge Kerry 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Front-of-pack (FOP) warning labels have demonstrated effectiveness for reducing sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and switching to water. However, an unintended consequence is that they may also increase switching to non-sugar sweetened beverages (NSSBs). A real-stakes experimental study examined the effectiveness of combining sugar and sweetener FOP warning labels to reduce sugary drink consumption and prevent NSSB substitution. The study also examined potential integration with Australia and New Zealand’s existing Health Star Rating (HSR) system to determine suitability for local context and other jurisdictions with interpretive labelling schemes already in place.
Methods
Participants (N = 414) accessed an online convenience store app via an on-campus laptop to select one drink from an array of 10 beverages, on three occasions. Drink options included a variety of SSBs, 100% fruit juice, NSSBs, and water. Following an escalating exposure procedure, drinks were presented (1) without any additional labelling, (2) with warning labels added to sugary drinks or to both sugary drinks and NSSBs (according to allocated condition), then (3) with HSR icons added to all drinks. Participants were informed they would receive a complementary drink, based on their selections, following the completion of a brief questionnaire.
Results
Baseline results indicated that SSBs and water were the most and least popular drink choices, respectively. Placing FOP warning labels on sugary drinks decreased selection of SSBs and increased NSSB and water choices. Water became the most popular individual drink choice in response to warnings on sugary drinks. Placing FOP warning labels on both sugary drinks and NSSBs successfully avoided an increase in NSSB choices, whilst also increasing water selections, but did not significantly decrease selection of SSBs until HSR ratings were added. The incorporation of HSR icons consolidated warning label effects on NSSB and water selection across both conditions.
Conclusions
Results demonstrate the potential of FOP sugar warning labels for addressing beverage consumption behaviours. The incorporation of sweetener warning labels may successfully avoid substitution towards NSSBs, whilst still promoting water choices, but may also dilute the impact of the sugary drinks warning labels. Warning labels were complementary to existing interpretive FOP labels.
Protective effects of Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid and Dapagliflozin administration on liver of diabetic rats
Authors: Alamri Zaenah Zuhair , Melebary Sahar J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is common metabolic disorders. T2DM patients had 2-fold increase to get liver disorders. Evidence that some antidiabetic substances treated liver disorders in T2DM patients is evolving. Current study aimed to investigate hepatoprotective actions of Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and dapagliflozin (DAPA) in T2DM rats.
Methods
T2DM occured by high fat diet (HFD) and single Streptozotocin (STZ) injection (35 mg/kg i.p.). Forty rats sorted into 4 groups: NC (negative control), T2DM, T2DM + SAHA (5 mg/kg/i.p. for 8 weeks) and T2DM + DAPA (1mg/kg/p.o. for 8 weeks). At experimental end, levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin, hepatic function tests [gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin, albumin, total protein], lipid profiles [total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG)] measured in serum. Hepatic tissue homogenization prepared for estimating oxidative stress biomarkers [glutathione (GSH), malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD)]. Hepatic histopathological examination made under light microscope.
Results
Diabetic rats had significant rise in liver weights and hepatic enzymes (AST, ALT, GGT, total bilirubin), lipid profile [TG, TC, LDL-C) in serum, and elevation in MDA in liver homogenate, but significant decline in total proteins, albumin, HDL-C) in serum and SOD, GSH in liver homogenate. These changes associated with histopathological changes in liver tissue as degeneration, vacuolation of hepatocytes, dilatation, and congestion of portal veins with lymphocytic infiltration. SAHA and DAPA treatment decreased liver weights, FBG, insulin, insulin resistance (IR), AST, ALT, GGT, bilirubin, TG, TC, LDL-C. SAHA and DAPA increased antioxidant enzymes (GSH, SOD) levels, serum total protein, albumin and HDL-C. Interestingly, DAPA was better that SAHA in improving liver enzymes, lipid profile, decreased FBG but SAHA was better in improving antioxidants as SOD, insulin levels and IR. Also, there were marked improvements in liver histopathological changes in SAHA and DAPA groups that were better in SAHA group.
Conclusions
Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid and dapagliflozin represent an approach to protect liver versus DM-induced disorders via suppression oxidative stress, improve lipid profile, hyperglycemia and IR progression thus conserving liver functions and structure.
Efficacy of a Modified Cocktail for Periarticular Local Infiltration Analgesia in Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: A prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhu Yuchen , Shen Shaoning , Cui Longkang , Wu Lianguo , Zhang Bingbing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Periarticular local infiltration analgesia (LIA) has become a widely used method for postoperative pain management after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a modified LIA cocktail.
Methods: 61 patients who underwent UKA were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive periarticular infiltration of a modified cocktail (comprising ropivacaine, epinephrine, dexamethasone, magnesium sulfate, and sodium bicarbonate ) or a conventional cocktail(comprising ropivacaine, epinephrine, dexamethasone, ketorolac, and morphine). The outcomes included the consumption of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) medication used for postoperative analgesia, pain score, early joint functional recovery, discharge time, and complication rates.
Results: In the initial 12 hours after surgery, the conventional cocktail showed no superiority over the modified cocktail in visual analog scale (VAS) scores. However, from the second postoperative day, the analgesic effect was significantly prolonged in the modified group, leading to lower VAS scores and better knee functional recovery. Additionally, patients in the modified group required less pain medication via PCIA, both within the first 24 hours and cumulatively up to 48 hours after surgery. Both groups had similar rates of complications.
Conclusions: The present modification of a conventional cocktail significantly prolonged the analgesic effect and reduced pain medication consumption after UKA surgeries, which was associated with better functional recovery on early postoperative days.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2200060500. 21 March 2023
Impact of universal contact precautions and chlorhexidine bathing on the acquisition of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in the intensive care unit: A cohort study
Authors: Jung Jongtak , Park Hyein , Oh Sunmi , Choi Jiseon , An Seoyun , Jeong Yeonsu , Kim Jinhwa , Baek Yae Jee , Lee Eunjung , Kim Tae Hyong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
For the prevention of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) acquisition in the intensive care unit (ICU), the effectiveness of universal contact precautions (UCP) and chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) bathing is controversial.
Methods
With the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of UCP and CHG on CRE acquisition, this study was conducted in an ICU at a university-affiliated hospital in Seoul. Beginning in April 2017, all patients admitted to the ICU underwent CRE screening and surveillance tests weekly, and beginning in January 2018, UCP and CHG bathing were implemented for all patients. The pre-intervention period spanned from April to December 2017; the post-intervention period spanned from January 2018 to December 2019. The pre- and post- intervention CRE acquisition rates were then compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests, and independent risk factors for CRE acquisition were analysed using Cox proportional hazard modelling.
Results
Of 1,747 patients, 35 acquired CRE during their ICU stay. Between the pre-intervention and post-intervention periods, the CRE acquisition rate did not differ significantly (p = 0.357). Additionally, multivariable Cox regression revealed that CRE acquisition was significantly associated with carbapenem exposure (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 2.555, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.208–5.405, p = 0.013) and the presence of more than four patients colonised with CRE during their ICU stay (aHR = 2.639, 95%CI, 1.157–5.243, p = 0.019). However, UCP and CHG bathing had no significant association with CRE acquisition (aHR = 0.657, 95%CI = 0.301–1.433; p = 0.291).
Conclusions
UCP and CHG bathing did not affect the CRE acquisition rate in the ICU of a low-prevalence area. Therefore, a multimodal strategy including antibiotic stewardship is necessary for controlling the nosocomial spread of multidrug-resistant organisms.
CC chemokine receptor 2 mediated regulation of macrophages is involved in pancreatic cancer progression in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Ijichi Hideaki , Kimura Gen , Sano Makoto , Notoya Genso , Miyabayashi Koji , Takahashi Ryota , Kishikawa Takahiro , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective: The interaction between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells and non-tumor cells is important in PDAC. In this study, we investigated the effects of CC chemokines in PDAC.
Design: According to microarray data of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) stimulated by PDAC cells, the expression of Cc chemokines was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. Macrophages were induced from the bone marrow cells of Cc chemokine receptor 2 (Ccr2)-wild-type (WT) and Ccr2-knockout (KO) mice, and their interaction with PDAC cells was examined. Differences in RNA and protein expression between Ccr2 WT and KO macrophages were examined also. Systemic KO of Ccr2 in a geneticallyengineered murine PDAC model was established to analyze the survival impact and histopathological phenotype using immunohistochemistry. The RNA sequences of PDAC cells stimulated with Ccr2-WT or KO macrophages were also examined.
Results:Ccl2 and Ccl7 expression was upregulated in CAFs. Ccr2 is expressed in macrophages in PDAC. Ccr2-WT macrophages promote the invasion of PDAC cells in vitro. Ccr2-KO decreases Cxc chemokine levels and increases interferon-a production in macrophages. Ccr2 KO PDAC mice showed significantly prolonged survival.
Conclusions:CCLs-CCR2 signaling affects the profile and function of macrophages, and Ccr2-KO in macrophages may alter the microenvironment in a tumor-suppressive manner in PDAC.
Feasibility of Extracting Usable DNA from Blood Samples Stored up to 21 Years in the DiPiS Study
Authors: Svärd Agnes Andersson , Viberg Ellen , von Platen India , Jönsson Ida , Lundgren Markus 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study assesses the feasibility of extracting high-quality DNA from blood samples stored at -20°C for up to 21 years under suboptimal conditions. It addresses sample mishandling in research, where many samples lack proper biobank protocols. Prior studies focused on short-term storage and controlled conditions, highlighting the negative effects of freeze-thaw cycles. This study evaluates whether DNA from long-term stored samples under suboptimal conditions can still meet quality standards for research purposes.
Genomic DNA was extracted from 1,012 capillary blood samples from the Diabetes Prediction in Skåne study. Samples were stored at -20°C for 7 to 21 years, and DNA was isolated using QIAamp DNA Blood Mini kits. DNA quantity, purity, and quality were analyzed using spectrophotometry and automated electrophoresis.
Overall, 75.7% of samples met quality standards for DNA quantity (≥20 ng/µL) and purity (A260/280 ratio 1.7–1.9), with the highest proportion in 12-year samples (83.5%). DNA quality was further assessed in 270 samples, where 57.8% had a DNA Integrity Number (DIN) of 7 or higher. Despite some contamination, the majority of samples were suitable for downstream applications like next-generation sequencing. This study suggests that historical blood samples stored under suboptmal conditions can still be viable for modern genomic analyses.
Transcriptomic Insights into Mycobacterium orygis Infection-associated Pulmonary Granulomas Reveal Multicellular Immune Networks and Tuberculosis Biomarkers in Cattle.
Authors: Kumar Rishi , Gandham Sripratyusha , Bhaskar Vinay , Praharaj Manas , Maity Hemanta Kumar , Sarkar Uttam , Dey Bappaditya 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Mycobacterium orygis, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), has emerged as a significant contributor to tuberculosis (TB) in cattle, wildlife, and humans. However, understanding about its pathogenesis and severity is limited, compounded by the lack of reliable TB biomarkers in cattle. This study delves into the comparative pathology and transcriptomic landscape of pulmonary granulomas in cattle naturally infected with M. orygis, using high-throughput RNA sequencing. Histopathological analysis revealed extensive, multistage granulomatous, necrotic, and cavitary lesions, indicative of severe lung pathology induced by M. orygis. Transcriptomic profiling highlighted numerous differentially expressed genes and dysregulated pathways related to immune response modulation and extracellular matrix remodeling. Additionally, cell type enrichment analysis provided insights into the multicellularity of the granulomatous niche, emphasizing complex cell-cell interactions within TB granulomas. Comparative transcriptomics leveraging publicly available bovine and human TB omics datasets, 14 key immuno-modulators (SOD2, IL1α/β, IL15, IL18, CCL2/MCP-1, CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL4/MIP-1β, CCL8/MCP-2, CCL20/MIP-3α, CXCL2/MIP-2, CXCL10/IP-10, CXCL11, and IFN-γ) were identified as potential biomarkers for active TB in cattle. These findings significantly advance our understanding of M. orygispathogenesis in bovine TB and highlight potential targets for the development of diagnostic tools for managing and controlling the disease.
The Efficacy of Tribulus Terrestris Extract on Sperm Parameters and Sexual Function in Male Mice: A Potential Complementary Treatment for Male Infertility
Authors: Meybodi Anahita Mohseni , Mokhtari Pegah , Fazeli Fuad , Sabbaghian Marjan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Medicinal plants have gained increasing attention for their potential in treating infertility. Tribulus Terrestris, a widely used traditional medicinal plant, is reputed for its aphrodisiac and fertility-enhancing effects. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Tribulus Terrestris extract on spermatogenesis and Androgen receptor (Ar) gene expression in male laboratory mice. Forty-two adult male BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to seven groups. Tribulus Terrestris extract was administered daily via gavage at doses of 5, 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 mg/kg body weight for 55 days. Blood samples were analyzed for testosterone levels, sperm parameters were assessed using the CASA system, and Ar gene expression was measured in testis tissues through reverse transcription-real-time PCR. An increase in Tribulus Terrestris extract dose correlated with body weight gain. Notably, testosterone levels were significantly higher in the 80 mg/kg group compared to others (p<0.05). Sperm motility, count, and viability were significantly improved in the 40 and 80 mg/kg groups (p<0.05). Furthermore, Ar gene expression was significantly elevated in the 80 mg/kg group (p ≤ 0.05). Tribulus Terrestris extract positively affects sperm parameters and sexual function in male mice. These findings support the potential of Tribulus Terrestris as a complementary treatment for male infertility.
The Lived Experience of Psychological Resilience in Parents of Children with Leukemia: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Yuan Chunming , Wang Zhi , Xu Xinyi , Wen Hao , Min Lihua , Mao Xiaorong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Pediatric leukemia poses considerable burdens on caregivers, precipitating psychological distress and financial strain. Caregivers may experience cognitive, emotional, and behavioral shifts. The adverse event, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, may exacerbate their psychological distress. The lived experience of parental psychological resilience in the context of pediatric leukemia caregiving warrants greater scrutiny during the COVID-19 pandemic period. This investigation delves into the lived experience of the psychological resilience dynamics among parents of children with leukemia.
Methods: Employing phenomenological methodology, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with parents of pediatric leukemia patients at varying stages of the disease, admitted to a tertiary care pediatric hematology unit in Sichuan Province between March and September 2021. Data analysis was performed using NVivo 11.0 software alongside Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis technique.
Results: The study encompassed twenty-four primary caregivers of children with leukemia, including 19 mothers and 5 fathers, with an age span of 28 to 48 years, a mean (SD) of 34.67 (5.39). Analysis revealed five primary themes and seven sub-themes, encompassing: complex emotional trajectories marked by simultaneous negative and positive feelings; the considerable burden of care juxtaposed with inadequate coping mechanisms; a pronounced eagerness for caregiving knowledge contrasted with a deficit in essential training; curtailed social engagement and challenges in resuming normalcy; and a pronounced need for psychological support.
Conclusions: The emotional landscape for parents caring for children with leukemia is characterized by a spectrum of lived experiences and emotions, both positive and negative. These emotional shifts are shaped by diverse factors. Positive emotions have the potential to bolster resilience in parents, enabling them to navigate adversity, surmount challenges, and proactively manage the psychological strains and stresses engendered by such crises. Mitigating caregiving demands and augmenting social and psychological support are crucial for enhancing life quality and wellbeing among these parents.
Latent profile analysis of psychological distress in adolescents and young adults with thyroid cancer: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Jia , Xiong Dan , Fang Yanmei , Li Chaixiu , Li Dan , Qi Xiaowei , Wang Yinhuan , Yang Ying 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aims to identify the potential profiles of psychological distress (PD) among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with thyroid cancer, and to explore the affect factors of different subgroups.
Methods
Convenience sampling was applied to collect 227 AYAs with thyroid cancer from a general hospital in China. The assessment instrument included the general information questionnaire, Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH), and the specific Cancer Distress Scales for Adolescents and Young Adults (CDS-AYA). The latent profile analysis (LPA) method was used to fit the latent psychological distress categories in subjects with AYAs with thyroid cancer. The factors influencing the subgroups of psychological distress were identified using univariate analysis and multinomial logistic regression analyses.
Results
A total of 213 valid questionnaires were received. Three potential profiles of psychological distress were finally identified: “low PD group” (67.1%), “moderate PD with high employment group” (25.8%), and “high PD with high confidence group” (7.1%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of underlying disease, treatment modality, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM), and self-management efficacy were influencing factors of subgroups.
Conclusion
The psychological distress level among AYAs with thyroid cancer can be divided into three subgroups, which have obvious classification characteristics. It is suggested that healthcare professionals (HCPs) should pay attention to the mental health status of AYAs with thyroid cancer. And they could adopt personalized interventions for AYAs with different characteristics of psychological distress.
Tailored drone-magnetometer design for geothermal exploration
Authors: Wahyudi Wahyudi , Taufiq Taufiq , Iqbal Muhammad 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Geothermal fields, often nestled in mountainous regions with challenging topography and dense vegetation, can be difficult to access for direct ground measurements. To overcome these obstacles, the magnetic method offers a viable geophysical approach for geothermal exploration. Leveraging advanced technology, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with magnetometers can provide faster, more accurate, and efficient magnetic mapping, making them an invaluable tool for achieving operational targets. This article presents the design of a drone magnetometer using a custom-built UAV for magnetic mapping in geothermal fields. The UAV is specifically designed with a large payload capacity (6–8 kg) and extended flight duration (> 60 minutes). It is equipped with a 3-Axis Fluxgate Magnetometer FGM3D/100 from Sensys, which has a measurement range of ± 100 µT. The designed system was validated using a PPM scalar magnetometer from GEOTRON, with highly satisfactory results, suggesting it is well-suited for practical geomagnetic mapping in geothermal fields.
Investigating of the serum level of VCA-IgG antibody in gastric cancer patients in Ardebil city
Authors: Bagali Faraz Malek , Hanifezade Hamidreza , Azgani Peyman , Amani Firuz , Karami Chiman 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Gastric cancer (GC) is known as the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause of death in the world. Many environmental factors, such as age, sex, blood group, heredity, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), unhealthy diet, and geographical region, are possible risk factors for gastric cancer. Moreover, one of the most important causes of GC is the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Due to a lack of information about the etiologic role of EBV in gastric cancer, in this study, we investigated the serum level of viral capsid antigen IgG antibodies (VCA-IgG) in GC patients in Ardebil city.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 92 gastric cancer patients and 92 healthy individuals as a control group. Demographic and pathological information were recorded, and blood samples were collected to measure viral capsid antigen IgG antibody (VCA IgG) levels. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and statistical tests, including chi-square, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation.
Results
Among the 184 participants, 58.7% were male and 41.3% were female. The most common blood group was type A (44.0%), while the lowest was type B (7.6%). VCA (IgG) antibody tests showed that 42.4% of participants were EBV positive. Additionally, 57.1% of participants tested positive for H. pylori. Statistical analysis showed no significant association between age, gender, H. pylori, and EBV infection. Gastric cancer was associated with positive VCA (IgG) antibody (p-value > 0.05). However, a significant association was found between blood group and VCA (IgG) antibody positivity (p-value = 0.02).
Conclusion
This study suggests that blood group may be an important factor in determining VCA (IgG) antibody positivity in patients with gastric cancer. Future research with larger and more diverse samples is recommended to obtain more robust results.