bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil Phosphorus Bioavailability and Soybean Grain Yield Impaired by Ruzigrass
Authors: Almeida Danilo S. , Rocha Kassiano F. , de Souza Murilo , Delai Lucas B. , Rosolem Ciro A. 
Published: February 2018

Core Ideas
There have been suggestions that ruzigrass increases soil P availability.Ruzigrass was grown in rotation with soybean from 2012 to 2016.The observed effect was opposite from the expected under long‐term field conditions.Crop rotation with ruzigrass resulted in a lower soybean grain yield than fallow.
Under no‐till farming systems, the use of crop rotations with species adapted to low P soils may enhance soil P availability through P cycling. Growing ruzigrass [Urochloa ruziziensis (R. Germ. and C.M. Evrard) Morrone and Zuloaga] as a cover crop has shown to increase resin extractable P in soils. However, it is not clear how the next crop responds to ruzigrass in the long term. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long‐term effect of growing ruzigrass on soil P availability to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The evaluations were performed over 5 yr on a ruzigrass–soybean crop rotation, in Botucatu, Brazil. The treatments were P rates (0, 13, and 26 kg ha−) applied to soybean seed furrows, and ruzigrass or fallow during the off‐season. Soil samples were taken after ruzigrass desiccation, and soil P was extracted with resin (Presin). The use of ruzigrass increased soil organic matter (SOM) by approximately 20% compared with fallow, regardless of P rates, and increased Presin concentration in the 0‐ to 10‐cm soil depth by approximately 10% with 26 kg ha− of P. Surprisingly, grain yield and soybean leaf P concentration were lower after ruzigrass compared with fallow. Resin seemed to be unsuitable to compare P availability in different cropping systems. In the long‐term, growing ruzigrass as a cover crop in the off‐season decreases P and N availability to soybean, eventually decreasing soybean grain yield. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms involved in this unexpected soybean response when cropped in rotation with ruzigrass.
Mechanisms of Loss of Agricultural Odorous Compounds in Sample Bags of Nalophan, Tedlar, and PTFE
Authors: Kasper Pernille Lund , Oxbøl Arne , Hansen Michael Jørgen , Feilberg Anders 
Published: February 2018

Alteration of the chemical composition of odor samples during storage in polymer sample bags can significantly impair the accuracy of subsequent odor evaluations. To overcome or minimize this effect, the mechanisms determining compound loss must be more thoroughly understood. The present study examines the storage stability of a selection of key odorants from livestock production in polymer sample bags of Nalophan, Tedlar, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The compounds included are acetic acid, butanoic acid, propanoic acid, 3‐methylbutanoic acid, hydrogen sulfide, methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, trimethylamine, and 4‐methylphenol. The fate of the unrecovered compound fractions is clarified by means of thermal desorption and concentric double bags, allowing estimation of the magnitude of losses due to adsorption and diffusion, respectively. The degree of recovery was found to be PTFE > Tedlar > Nalophan, and smaller ratios of bag surface area to sample volume improved the recovery significantly. Furthermore, PTFE bags were found far superior for maintaining the original sample humidity and for storing 4‐methylphenol. Analysis of sample humidity, partitioning coefficients, and thermal desorption suggested that the loss in PTFE bags was mainly controlled by adsorption, whereas for Nalophan and Tedlar, compound loss is a combined effect of adsorption and diffusion. It is suggested to heat the bags when evacuating the sample for analysis, as this was found to improve the recovery significantly. For a 5‐L PTFE bag, all odorants could be found at concentration levels between 71.6 and 98.8% even after 48 h of storage when heated to 57°C prior to analysis.Core Ideas
Loss mechanisms of livestock odorants in sampling bags were investigated by PTR‐MS
Three approved types of sampling bags were studied: Nalophan, Tedlar, and PTFE
Double bags and sequential heating are used to assess diffusion and surface sorption
The best storage is obtained with PTFE bags combined with gentle heating
Loss rates in sampling bags are strongly influenced by compound volatility
SUÇUN YASAL TANIMINDA YER ALAN “HUKUKA AYKIRILIK” İFADESİNİN İCRA ETTİĞİ FONKSİYON
Authors: GÖKTÜRK Neslihan 
Published: February 2018

Hukuka aykırılık
tipiklikten bağımsız olarak suçun yapısal bir unsurudur ve tipikliğin icra
ettiği hukuka aykırılık karinesine bağlı olarak suçun yasal tanımında ayrıca
belirtilmesine gerek yoktur. Buna rağmen bazı suç tiplerinde “hukuka aykırılık”
ifadesine yer verildiği görülmektedir. Yine, bazı suç tiplerinde “rızası
olmaksızın” veya “rızasına aykırı olarak” ifadelerine yer verilmek suretiyle 5237
sayılı TCK sisteminde bir hukuka uygunluk nedeni olarak kabul edilen ilgilinin
rızasının yokluğuna işaret edilmektedir. Suç tiplerinin bir kısmında ise
“izinsiz”, “ruhsatsız”, “karar olmaksızın” gibi ifadeler kullanılarak fiilin
yetkili merciler tarafından verilen bir izin veya karar bulunmaksızın icra
edilmiş olması aranmaktadır. Hukuka aykırılık unsuru ve tipik fiilin suç teşkil
eden bir haksızlık olarak ortaya çıkmasını önleyen hukuka uygunluk nedenleri
karşısında suçun yasal tanımında yer alan bu ifadelere ne anlam yükleneceği bir
sorun olarak ortaya çıkmakta ve tartışmalara sebebiyet vermektedir. Suçun maddi
ve manevi unsurları, özellikle hata bakımından yapılacak olan belirleme bu
sorunun çözümüne bağlıdır. İşte bu sorun, çalışmanın konusunu oluşturmaktadır.
Prominent features of the Augustan aqueduct in the Naples Bay area
Authors: Lorenz Wayne , Libertini Giacinto , Miccio Bruno , Leone Nino , De Feo Giovanni 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The great Aqua Augusta served the Naples Bay area with fresh water during the time of the Roman Empire. There are very prominent features of the Aqua Augusta, some that are extraordinary when considering other great aqueducts in the Roman Empire. For example, the deep tunnels allowed access to a spring water source from a separate watershed, which resulted in transbasin diversion of the water supply. Each one of the prominent features was engineered to provide water to the public for various uses. The prominent structures included other shallower tunnels (with two major types of construction), hydraulic chutes, arcades (one to an island), baths (located along a well-traveled road), and storage reservoirs. Also, there is the epigraph discovered at the water source. Important villas that may have influenced the alignment of the aqueduct are also discussed.
Influence of connection stub parameters and valve closure time on transient measurement accuracy of a pressure transducer
Authors: Liu Zhiyong , Simpson Angus R. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Consider that a transient pressure measurement occurs at the end of the connection stub attached to a pipeline. The question arises as to whether the pressure being recorded at the end of the stub is an accurate representation of pressure in the pipeline. In this study, the influence of three parameters, including pressure transducer connection stub length, stub diameter and valve closure time, on the measurement accuracy of transient pressure is investigated through numerical simulation on a reservoir-pipe-valve-reservoir system. The results show that the larger the diameter of stub, the larger its influence both on the transient in the pipe and on measurement error; the measurement accuracy increases with an increase of the length of the stub only when the closure time of the end valve is less than the time for the water hammer wave to travel back and forth between the measurement point and the end point of stub. In contrast, when the closure time of the end valve is greater than the water hammer wave return time, the measurement accuracy will decrease with an increase of the stub length; the measurement accuracy is improved as the closure time of the end valve increases. As a result, in practice, diameter and length of connection stub for the pressure-transducer should both be selected to be as small as possible.
Assessing the impact of sea level rise due to climate change on seawater intrusion in Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Vu D. T. , Yamada T. , Ishidaira H. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In the context of climate change, salinity intrusion into rivers has been, and will be, one of the most important issues for coastal water resources management. A combination of changes, including increased temperature, change in regional rainfall, especially sea level rise (SLR) related to climate change, will have significant impacts on this phenomenon. This paper presents the outcomes of a study conducted in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam (MKD) for evaluating the effect of sea water intrusion under a new SLR scenario. Salinity intrusion was simulated by one-dimensional (1D) modeling. The relative sea level projection was constructed corresponding to the RCP 6.0 emission scenario for MKD based on the statistical downscaling method. The sea level in 2050 is projected to increase from 25 cm to 30 cm compared to the baseline period (in 2000). Furthermore, the simulated results suggested that salinity greater than 4 g/l, which affects rice yield, will intrude up to 50–60 km into the river. Approximately 30,000 ha of agricultural area will be affected if the sea level rise is 30 cm.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MAKE A MATCH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA TENTANG PEMBAGIAN PADA SISWA KELAS II SD MUHAMMADIYAH 4 BATU
Authors: Mariani Mariani 
Published: February 2018

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dengan observasi awal yaitu mengamati hasil belajar matematika siswa tentang materi pembagian.Berdasarkan hasil observasi , terdapat adanya beberapa permasalahan yang dialami oleh siswa dan guru di SD Muhammadiyah 4 Batu. Pengamatan sebelum diadakan penelitian tindakan kelas, menunjukkan bahwa siswa yang belum paham pada materi pembagian 30% dari 32 siswa yang ada di kelas II pada tahun pelajaran 2011–2012. Kenyataan di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa siswa kelas II masih kurang faham dalam menentukan pasangaan bilangan pembagian yang hasil baginya diketahui. Hal ini disebabkan oleh beberapa hal diantaranya karena siswa kurang antusias dalam proses pembelajaran,guru pun sering mengalami kendala dalam mengajarkan materi tentang pembagian, yaitu dalam menentukan pasangan bilangan pembagian yang hasil baginya diketahui. rerata hasil belajar siswa masih belum maksimal atau belum mencapai KKM yang telah ditentukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar tentang materi pembagian dengan penerapan model pembelajaran Make a Match. Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian tersebut digunakan penelitian kualitatif jenis penelitian tindakan kelas. Pembelajaran matematika materi pembagian yaitu dalam menentukan pasangan bilangan pembagian yang hasil baginya diketahui dengan model pembelajaran Make a Match dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan kartu soal dan kartu jawaban. Adapun kegiatan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah identifikasi masalah, perancangan tindakan, pengumpulan data, serta analisis data yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus.Siklus pertama dilaksanakan dalam dua kali pertemuan dengan fokus pembelajaran melakukan kegiatan bermain kartu soal dan kartu jawaban untuk mengamati antusias, keaktifan dan kerjasama siswa dalam pembelajaran dan hasil belajar belajar siswa. Siklus kedua juga dilaksanakan dlam dua kali pertemuan dengan fokus pembelajaran mengacu pada tindakan I dan sama dengan pelaksanaan pembelajaran pada siklus pertama,akan tetapi dilakukan modifikasi terhadap kartu soal dan kartu jawaban serta bentuk soal evaluasi yang sama dengan kartu soal dan kartu jawaban . Selanjutnya hasil evaluasi digunakan untuk mengetahui peningkatan prestasi belajar yang dicapai oleh siswa.Berdasarkan hasil tes pembelajaran, diketahui bahwa prestasi belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari rerata hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I yaitu 77,8 dan rerata hasil belajar pada siklus II menjadi 92,5.Ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa meningkat dari jumlah siswa yang tuntas sebanyak 17 siswa dengan persentase klasikal sebesar 56,7 % pada siklus I menjadi 29 siswa dengan persentase klasikal sebesar 87,5 % pada siklus II, hal ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar melebihi kriteria keberhasilan yaitu ≥75 %. Kata kunci:Hasil Belajar Matematika, Pembagian, Model Pembelajaran Make a Match
Impact of Extensions in XBRL Disclosure on Analysts' Forecast Behavior
Authors: Li Shiyou , Nwaeze Emeka T. 
Published: February 2018

SYNOPSIS
This paper examines the impact of abnormal extensions in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) on analysts' forecasting behavior in the U.S. In this analysis, abnormal extensions reflect XBRL extensions that exceed the expected level for industry peers. In 2009 the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) permitted U.S. registrants to use the extensions to provide greater details about transactions and events unique to their reporting circumstances. Critics argue that the reporting discretion permitted under the mandate will complicate and impede financial analysis. The SEC and proponents contend that the extensions improve registrants' financial information environment and facilitate financial analysis. Our findings are that abnormal extensions are positively associated with the number of analysts who follow the firm and forecast accuracy, but negatively associated with forecast dispersion. The results are weaker during the first year and stronger during later years of the XBRL-based reporting. Moreover, the effect of the abnormal extensions on the forecasting variables is greater for filers with many business segments and/or harder-to-read financial statements. Our findings provide strong support for the SEC's policy that allows registrants to create extensions as a means of enhancing the quality and interpretation of financial disclosures.
Using Online Labor Market Participants for Nonprofessional Investor Research: A Comparison of MTurk and Qualtrics Samples
Authors: Owens Joel , Hawkins Erin M. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
Recently, researchers have begun using online labor markets to recruit participants for experimental studies examining the judgments and decisions of nonprofessional investors. This study investigates the quality and generalizability of data collected from these sources by replicating an experimental task from Elliott, Hodge, Kennedy, and Pronk (2007) using nonprofessional investor participants from two popular online labor markets—Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk) and Qualtrics Online Sample (Qualtrics). Compared to Qualtrics participants, we find that MTurk participants pay greater attention to the experimental materials and better acquire and recall information. Further, the MTurk sample more closely replicates EHKP's investment club member results on measures of information integration than does the Qualtrics sample. These results provide some evidence that many interesting research questions can be satisfactorily answered using nonprofessional investor participants from MTurk. We believe further investigation is needed before Qualtrics can be endorsed as a high-quality source of nonprofessional investor participants.
Rekayasa Pendidikan Agama Islam di Daerah Minoritas Muslim
Authors: Adawiyah Rabiatul , Z Wan Zamaluddin 
Published: February 2018

Islamic education research nowadays still becomes the main concern from majority of Muslim as the development of Islamic education with the high awareness of all its members. However, there is the fact that the Muslim minority is still undergoing educational development on a local scale. Both in the majority and minority, Islam will always animate Islamic struggle constantly on Islamic education within any area it occupy. This study shows that the management of education in Pesantren is always a main concern. Islamic education curriculum developed in Pesantren Nurul Yaqin also pays attention to the students’ needs to face their future. Not only on local scale but it also prepares regional competition and global demands.Penelitian pendidikan Islam akhir-akhir ini masih menjadi perhatian utama dari mayoritas Muslim sebagai pengembangan pendidikan Islam dengan kesadaran yang tinggi dari semua umat. Namun, ada fakta bahwa minoritas Muslim masih memprihatinkan dalam pengembangan pendidikan pada skala lokal. Baik pada mayoritas dan minoritas, Islam selalu menghidupkan perjuangan secara terus-menerus pada pendidikan Islam dalam setiap wilayah. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa manajemen pendidikan di Pesantren selalu menjadi perhatian utama. Kurikulum pendidikan Islam yang dikembangkan di Pesantren Nurul Yaqin juga memperhatikan kebutuhan siswa untuk menghadapi masa depan mereka. Tidak hanya pada skala lokal tetapi juga mempersiapkan kompetisi lokal dan tuntutan global. Keywords: education, muslim minority, pesantren, islam
Potensi Media Sosial dalam Mempopulerkan Konten Sains Islam
Authors: Irwandani Irwandani 
Published: February 2018

The development of internet users in Indonesia is very rapid. In the last five years the number of internet users increased by 430%. By the end of 2015, internet users in Indonesia have reached 88.1 million people. As many as 90% of internet users are social media users. Based on statistical reports there are about 92% of social media users aged between 13-39 years old. That means that there are about 73 million social media users who have the potential to popularize the content of Islamic science in social media. Islamic science was born out of the spirit of Muslim scientists and academics to integrate Islam and science / science. There is some content of Islamic science that can be packed in social media: 1) Content of science in Islam, 2) Content of Muslim inventors 3) Content review of the latest findings in Islamic view, 3) Content wise words of the Scientists.Perkembangan pengguna internet di Indonesia sangat pesat. Dalam lima tahun terakhir jumlah pengguna internet meningkat sebesar 430%. Pada akhir 2015, pengguna internet di Indonesia telah mencapai 88,1 juta orang. Sebanyak 90% pengguna internet adalah pengguna media sosial. Berdasarkan laporan statistik ada sekitar 92% pengguna media sosial berusia antara 13-39 tahun. Itu berarti ada sekitar 73 juta pengguna media sosial yang berpotensi mempopulerkan konten sains Islam di media sosial. Sains Islam lahir dari semangat ilmuwan dan akademisi Muslim untuk mengintegrasikan Islam dan sains/sains. Ada beberapa konten sains Islam yang bisa dikemas dalam media sosial: 1) Konten sains dalam Islam, 2) Konten penemu Muslim 3) Kajian isi temuan terbaru dalam pandangan Islam, 3) Konten kata-kata bijak dari Ilmuwan. Kata kunci: media sosial, sains Islam
Penumbuhan Karakter Islami melalui Pembelajaran Fisika Berbasis Integrasi Sains-Islam
Authors: Khoiri Ahmad , Agussuryani Qori , Hartini Puji 
Published: February 2018

The Classroom Action Research aims to find out physics learning based on science-Islamic integration can improve learning outcomes and foster the Islamic character of class XI RPL 1 SMK Takhassus Al-Qur'an. The Action research is done in two cycles namely: (1) planning, (2) implementation of corrective action, (3) observation, and (4) reflection. The Research Instrument through Test for learning result data, Observation to observe the implementation of learning and questionnaire of religious attitude and social attitude and Documentation. The results of research shows the application of physics-based learning science-Islamic integration can improve learning outcomes, religious and social attitudes. The Percentage mastery is 74 to 90. Religious attitudes is increased from 72 to 79 and social attitudes is increased from 67 to 76 as evidenced by indicators not cheating or giving cheat and reporting learning activities in a transparent manner. The implementation of learning-based integration of science-Islamic can improve learning outcomes and Islamic characters in the form of honesty and cooperation of students on the physics in the concept of fluid. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas bertujuan mengetahui pembelajaran fisika berbasis integrasi sains-islami dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar serta menumbuhkan karakter islami siswa kelas XI RPL 1 SMK Takhassus Al-Qur’an. Penelitian tindakan dilakukan dua siklus yakni: (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan tindakan perbaikan, (3) observasi, dan (4) refleksi. Instrumen Penelitian melalui Tes untuk data hasil belajar, Observasi untuk mengamati pelaksanaan pembelajaran dan angket sikap religious dan sikap sosial serta Dokumentasi. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan penerapan pembelajaran fisika berbasis integrasi sains-islami dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar, sikap religius dan sikap sosial. Prosentase ketuntasan 74 menjadi 90. Sikap religius meningkat dari 72 menjadi 79 serta sikap sosial meningkat dari 67 menjadi 76 yang dibuktikan dengan indicator tidak mencontek atau memberikan contekan serta melaporkan kegiatan belajar secara transparan. Penerapan pembelajaran berbasis integrasi sains-islami dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar dan karakter islami berupa kejujuran dan kerjasama siswa pada mata pelajaran fisika konsep fluida.
Peningkatan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Model Kooperatif Tipe Team Game Tournament pada Mata Pelajaran Fisika Kelas X di SMK Dharma Bakti Lubuk Alung
Authors: Erlinda Nelfi 
Published: February 2018

The aim of this study is to describe the level of physical activity and student learning outcomes through the implementation of cooperative models TGT X grade students at SMK Dharma Bakti Lubuk Alung. The research conducted is a Class Action Research (PTK). The subjects were X.1 grade students of SMK Dharma Bakti Lubuk Alung. Data collection instrument consists of two parts, namely; the observation sheet is to determine the activity of students in learning and daily test is to determine student mastery of the material that has been studied. Data analysis technique used is the percentage technique, the method of graphs, descriptive statistics and analysis. Based on the results of data analysis that has been done can be put forward two main result of this study, 1) Implementation of cooperative models TGT can increase the activity and learning outcomes Physical Science class students of SMK Dharma Bakti Lubuk Alung, 2) the students learning outcomes have exceeded KKM 80.00 is set, this means learning outcomes increased by 60.99% from the average student’s learning outcomes before the study. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat aktivitas fisik dan hasil belajar siswa melalui penerapan model koperasi siswa kelas X TGT X di SMK Dharma Bakti Lubuk Alung. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah Class Action Research (PTK). Subjek adalah siswa kelas X.1 SMK Dharma Bakti Lubuk Alung. Alat pengumpulan data terdiri dari dua bagian, yaitu lembar observasi untuk mengetahui aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran dan tes harian untuk mengetahui penguasaan siswa terhadap materi yang telah dipelajari. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik persentase, metode grafik, statistik deskriptif dan analisis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data yang telah dilakukan dapat diajukan dua hasil utama penelitian ini, 1) Penerapan model kooperatif TGT dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil pembelajaran siswa kelas I Ilmu Pengetahuan Fisika SMK Dharma Bakti Lubuk Alung, 2) siswa Hasil pembelajaran telah melampaui KKM 80,00, artinya hasil belajar meningkat sebesar 60,99% dari rata-rata hasil belajar siswa sebelum penelitian.