bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Knowledge Management Capabilities on Knowledge Management Effectiveness in Indian Organizations
Authors: Bharadwaj Sangeeta Shah , Chauhan Sumedha , Raman Aparna 
Published: January 2016

Executive Summary Since the existence of organization, organizational knowledge has been managed more informally than in formal ways. This was done through a knowledge supporting culture, by trusting and managing the employees. This was possible due to the small size of the organizations and co-location of employees. However, increasing global competition and growth of marketplaces have created a competitive incentive among many companies to consolidate and reconcile their knowledge assets as a means of creating value that is sustainable over time. In such a scenario, a need was felt to formally manage knowledge by developing capabilities. The objective of this research article is to explore the knowledge management (KM) capabilities in large Indian organizations and their impact on knowledge effectiveness. It is based on the premise that together the perspectives of KM infrastructure and KM processes provide a useful theoretical foundation for defining important aspects of knowledge effectiveness in organizations. Knowledge management capabilities are explored with respect to infrastructure, structure, and culture. Knowledge management processes comprise creation/acquisition, storage, dissemination, and application. This research has found evidence that large Indian organizations have started realizing the importance of managing knowledge as a strategic asset. However, the approach is different in different organizations. Some organizations rely more on creating knowledge infrastructure capabilities through culture and structure while others equally emphasize the need of process approach to manage both tacit and explicit knowledge within the organization. KM effectiveness is defined in terms of improved communication, enhanced collaboration, improved employee skills, better decision-making, and improved productivity. Data collected from 156 organizations was subject to structural equation modelling. The results established that both infrastructure capabilities and process capabilities play an important role in improving KM effectiveness.
Alternative source of stem cells derived from human periodontal ligament: a new treatment for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Trubiani Oriana , Giacoppo Sabrina , Ballerini Patrizia , Diomede Francesca , Piattelli Adriano , Bramanti Placido , Mazzon Emanuela 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Background
Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease mostly of autoimmune origin that affects and damages the central nervous system, leading to a disabling condition. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether administration of mesenchymal stem cells from human periodontal ligament (hPDLSCs) could ameliorate multiple sclerosis progression by exerting neuroprotective effects in an experimental model of autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

Methods
EAE was induced by immunization with myelin oligodendroglial glycoprotein peptide (MOG)35–55 in C57BL/6 mice. After immunization, mice were observed every 48 hours for signs of EAE and weight loss. At the onset of disease, approximately 14 days after immunization, EAE mice were subjected to a single intravenous injection of hPDLSCs (106 cells/150 μl) into the tail vein. At the point of animal sacrifice on day 56 after EAE induction, spinal cord and brain tissues were collected in order to perform histological evaluation, immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis.

Results
Achieved results reveal that treatment with hPDLSCs may exert neuroprotective effects against EAE, diminishing both clinical signs and histological score typical of the disease (lymphocytic infiltration and demyelination) probably through the production of neurotrophic factors (results focused on brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor expression). Furthermore, administration of hPDLSCs modulates expression of inflammatory key markers (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-10, glial fibrillary acidic protein, Nrf2 and Foxp3), the release of CD4 and CD8α T cells, and the triggering of apoptotic death pathway (data shown for cleaved caspase 3, p53 and p21).

Conclusions
In light of the achieved results, transplantation of hPDLSCs may represent a putative novel and helpful tool for multiple sclerosis treatment. These cells could have considerable implication for future therapies for multiple sclerosis and this study may represent the starting point for further investigations.
Ulam-Hyers stability and well-posedness of fixed point problems for α-λ-contractions on quasi b-metric spaces
Authors: Felhi Abdelbasset , Sahmim Slah , Aydi Hassen 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we establish some fixed point results for α-λ-contractions in the class of quasi b-metric spaces. To illustrate the obtained results, we provide some examples and an application on a solution of an integral equation. We also study the stability of Ulam-Hyers and well-posedness of a fixed point problem. Our obtained results give an answer to an open problem of Kutbi and Sintunavarat (Abstr. Appl. Anal. 2014:268230, 2014).
Helicopter-borne ground-penetrating radar investigations on temperate alpine glaciers: A comparison of different systems and their abilities for bedrock mapping
Authors: Rutishauser Anja , Maurer Hansruedi , Bauder Andreas 
Published: January 2016

On the basis of a large data set, comprising approximately 1200 km of profile lines acquired with different helicopter-borne ground-penetrating radar (GPR) systems over temperate glaciers in the western Swiss Alps, we have analyzed the possibilities and limitations of using helicopter-borne GPR surveying to map the ice-bedrock interface. We have considered data from three different acquisition systems including (1) a low-frequency pulsed system hanging below the helicopter (BGR), (2) a stepped frequency system hanging below the helicopter (Radar Systemtechnik GmbH [RST]), and (3) a commercial system mounted directly on the helicopter skids (Geophysical Survey Systems Incorporated [GSSI]). The systems showed considerable differences in their performance. The best results were achieved with the BGR system. On average, the RST and GSSI systems yielded comparable results, but we observed significant site-specific differences. A comparison with ground-based GPR data found that the quality of helicopter-borne data is inferior, but the compelling advantages of airborne surveying still make helicopter-borne data acquisition an attractive option. Statistical analyses concerning the bedrock detectability revealed not only large differences between the different acquisition systems but also between different regions within our investigation area. The percentage of bedrock reflections identified (with respect to the overall profile length within a particular region) varied from 11.7% to 68.9%. Obvious factors for missing the bedrock reflections included large bedrock depths and steeply dipping bedrock interfaces, but we also observed that internal features within the ice body may obscure bedrock reflections. In particular, we identified a conspicuous “internal reflection band” in many profiles acquired with the GSSI system. We attribute this feature to abrupt changes of the water content within the ice, but more research is required for a better understanding of the nature of this internal reflection band.
Distribution of preferred ice crystal orientation determined from seismic anisotropy: Evidence from Jakobshavn Isbræ and the North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling facility, Greenland
Authors: Vélez José A. , Tsoflias Georgios P. , Black Ross A. , Van der Veen Cornelis J. , Anandakrishnan Sridhar 
Published: January 2016

Preferred crystal orientation fabrics (COFs) within an ice sheet or glacier are typically found from ice cores. We conducted experiments at the North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling (NEEM) facility ice core location, where COF data were available at Jakobshavn Isbræ west Greenland, to test if COF can be determined seismically. We used observations of anisotropic seismic wave propagation on multioffset gathers and englacial imaging from a 2D reflection profile. Anisotropy analysis of the NEEM data yielded mean c-axes distributed over a conical region of 30° to 32° from vertical. No internal ice seismic reflectors were imaged. Direct COF measurements collected in the ice core agreed with the seismic observations. At Jakobshavn Isbræ, we used a multioffset gather and a 2D reflection profile, but we lacked ice core data. Englacial reflectors allowed the determination of ice column interval properties. Anisotropy analysis found that the upper 1640 m of the ice column consisted of cold ([Formula: see text]) and mostly isotropic ice with c-axes distributed over a conical region of 80° from vertical. The lower 300 m of the ice column was characterized by warm ([Formula: see text]) ice with COF. These observations were consistent with complex ice fabric development and temperature estimations over the same region of Jakobshavn Isbræ. This study demonstrated that the ice sheet and glacier ice anisotropy information can be gained from seismic field observations.
Evidence-based mental health and e-learning: a guide for clinicians
Authors: Smith Katharine A. , Tomlin André , Cipriani Andrea , Geddes John R. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryThe internet provides access to what is often a bewildering array of medical knowledge on mental health, some (but not all) of which is evidence based. As well as information for clinicians, there has been a dramatic increase in the variety and quality of information available for patients and carers. In this article we discuss the advantages and limitations of the types of information available, with suggested sites and strategies for assessing their relative merits.
Psychiatric assessments on medical wards: a guide for general psychiatrists
Authors: Segal Tim , Ranjith Gopinath 
Published: January 2016

SummaryPsychiatric assessments on medical wards of a general hospital are complicated by various factors, including the lack of privacy, medical illness-related factors such as cognitive deficits and communication barriers, and the vagueness of the referral question asked. In this article, we try to guide general psychiatrists who do not routinely carry out such assessments through practical steps from receiving the referral to signing off the case. The key differences in the process and content of psychiatric assessments are discussed, as are diagnostic dilemmas. Subtle aspects of communicating the outcome of the assessments to patients and referrers are emphasised with specific guidance on writing consultation notes. We conclude with a discussion of the principles of biopsychosocial management and judging the outcomes of consultations on medical wards.
How evolution can help us understand child development and behaviour
Authors: Swanepoel Annie , Sieff Daniela F. , Music Graham , Launer John , Reiss Michael , Wren Bernadette 
Published: January 2016

SummaryThe traditional disease model, still dominant in psychiatry, is less than ideal for making sense of psychological issues such as the effects of early childhood experiences on development. We argue that a model based on evolutionary thinking can deepen understanding and aid clinical practice by showing how behaviours, bodily responses and psychological beliefs tend to develop for ‘adaptive’ reasons, even when these ways of being might on first appearance seem pathological. Such understanding has implications for treatment. It also challenges the genetic determinist model, by showing that developmental pathways have evolved to be responsive to the physical and social environment in which the individual matures. Thought can now be given to how biological or psychological treatments – and changing a child's environment – can foster well-being. Evolutionary thinking has major implications for how we think about psychopathology and for targeting the optimum sites, levels and timings for interventions.
CBT: making effective plans
Authors: Osborne David , Williams Chris 
Published: January 2016

SummaryWorking with people who are experiencing mental health difficulties brings many challenges about how best to progress towards shared goals. The cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) approach can provide a structure and framework for effective treatment. It aims to help people identify goals and work towards them. We describe a practical approach that provides a structure for step-by-step planning, engaging the patient and promoting planned change.
Alzheimer's disease: The amyloid hypothesis on
trial
Authors: Harrison Judith R. , Owen Michael J. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryThe pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease is complex. The amyloid hypothesis
has directed research efforts for many years, but it has recently been
questioned after failed drug trials. Here, we review the evidence for and
against and suggest that it might be premature to abandon the amyloid
hypothesis.
Activin Enhances α- to β-Cell Transdifferentiation as a Source For β-Cells In Male FSTL3 Knockout Mice
Authors: Brown Melissa L. , Andrzejewski Danielle , Burnside Amy , Schneyer Alan L. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractDiabetes results from inadequate β-cell number and/or function to control serum glucose concentrations so that replacement of lost β-cells could become a viable therapy for diabetes. In addition to embryonic stem cell sources for new β-cells, evidence for transdifferentiation/reprogramming of non-β-cells to functional β-cells is accumulating. In addition, de-differentiation of β-cells observed in diabetes and their subsequent conversion to α-cells raises the possibility that adult islet cell fate is malleable and controlled by local hormonal and/or environmental cues. We previously demonstrated that inactivation of the activin antagonist, follistatin-like 3 (FSTL3) resulted in β-cell expansion and improved glucose homeostasis in the absence of β-cell proliferation. We recently reported that activin directly suppressed expression of critical α-cell genes while increasing expression of β-cell genes, supporting the hypothesis that activin is one of the local hormones controlling islet cell fate and that increased activin signaling accelerates α- to β-cell transdifferentiation. We tested this hypothesis using Gluc-Cre/yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) α-cell lineage tracing technology combined with FSTL3 knockout (KO) mice to label α-cells with YFP. Flow cytometry was used to quantify unlabeled and labeled α- and β-cells. We found that Ins+/YFP+ cells were significantly increased in FSTL3 KO mice compared with wild type littermates. Labeled Ins+/YFP+ cells increased significantly with age in FSTL3 KO mice but not wild type littermates. Sorting results were substantiated by counting fluorescently labeled cells in pancreatic sections. Activin treatment of isolated islets significantly increased the number of YFP+/Ins+ cells. These results suggest that α- to β-cell transdifferentiation is influenced by activin signaling and may contribute substantially to β-cell mass.
The Type 3 Deiodinase Is a Critical Determinant of Appropriate Thyroid Hormone Action in the Developing Testis
Authors: Martinez M. Elena , Karaczyn Aldona , Stohn J. Patrizia , Donnelly William T. , Croteau Walburga , Peeters Robin P. , Galton Valerie A. , Forrest Douglas , St. Germain Donald , Hernandez Arturo 
Published: January 2016

AbstractTimely and appropriate levels of thyroid hormone (TH) signaling are necessary to ensure normal developmental outcomes in many tissues. Studies using pharmacological models of altered TH status have revealed an influence of these hormones on testis development and size, but little is known about the role of endogenous determinants of TH action in the developing male gonads. Using a genetic approach, we demonstrate that the type 3 deiodinase (D3), which inactivates TH and protects developing tissues from undue TH action, is a key factor. D3 is highly expressed in the developing testis, and D3-deficient (D3KO) mice exhibit thyrotoxicosis and cell proliferation arrest in the neonatal testis, resulting in an approximately 75% reduction in testis size. This is accompanied by larger seminiferous tubules, impaired spermatogenesis, and a hormonal profile indicative of primary hypogonadism. A deficiency in the TH receptor-α fully normalizes testis size and adult testis gene expression in D3KO mice, indicating that the effects of D3 deficiency are mediated through this type of receptor. Similarly, genetic deficiencies in the D2 or in the monocarboxylate transporter 8 partially rescue the abnormalities in testis size and gonadal axis gene expression featured in the D3KO mice. Our study highlights the testis as an important tissue in which determinants of TH action coordinately converge to ensure normal development and identifies D3 as a critical factor in testis development and in testicular protection from thyrotoxicosis.
College Students with Physical Disabilities: Common On Campus, Uncommon in the Literature
Authors: Gelbar Nicholas W , Madaus Joseph W. , Lombardi Allison , Faggella-Luby Michael , Dukes Lyman 
Published: January 2016

Programs for college students with physical disabilities began in the immediate post-war period, as veterans with disabilities were the “vanguard” disability group in higher education. However, while veterans with physical disabilities were the beginning of the postsecondary disability field, the discipline currently focuses on students with many and varied disability types in both its research and practice. This article presents a secondary analysis, which was part of a larger systematic review of the postsecondary disability literature. The present article focuses on studies including at least one participant with a physical disability. In total eighty studies had at least one student with a physical disability. Two of these studies were experimental and only one of these two met the criteria to be a randomized control trial. A minority of studies was composed solely of college students with physical disabilities.
“The Idea of Accessibility and the Reality of Accessibility are Very Different!” Using a Wheelchair Experience to Teach Preservice Special Educators about Accessibility
Authors: Coleman Mari Beth , Cady Jo Ann , Rider Robert A 
Published: January 2016

P-12 students who have mobility limitations often face environmental and social barriers that can impact their educational performance; thus, teachers who work with these students need to have an understanding of these barriers. Provision of “disability simulation” experiences that can provide first-hand perspective of barriers through the usage of mobility devices during university training programs is somewhat controversial. The authors of the current study do not feel it is possible to simulate the experience of having a disability; however, they feel that providing a wheelchair-usage accessibility assessment experience can provide preservice special educators with a unique perspective of barriers. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the impact of such an assignment. Study findings regarding specific accessibility barriers have applicability to teachers who work with students who have limited mobility while data related to the assignment’s effect have applicability to teacher educators in special education.
The development of the organizational silence scale: Validity-reliability study
Authors: Daşcı Elif , Cemaloğlu Necati 
Published: January 2016

<p>The aim of this study is to develop an Organizational Silence Scale based on primary school teachers’ perceptions. The sample set of research were chosen from the population with the multi-stage sampling method. The first stage was stratified sampling and the second stage was simple random sampling. The sample of the study consisted of 15 schools and 414 teachers were have been working in primary schools of Ministry of National Education in 5 Central education districts of Aksaray, Turkey. For this purpose, an Organizational Silence Scale comprised of 38 items was developed. According to preliminary study on the scale, exploratory factor analysis was done. The KMO value was 0,98 and the Barlett`s Test of Sphericity reached statistical significance and 5 factors were obtained with the remained 36 items. Factor analysis of the scale revealed that the evaluation items cluster into 5 factors that account for 87,76% of the total variance. The explained variance of factors were 18,49%; 18,49%; 16,92%; 16,38% and 15,30% respectively. According to the literature, these factors were named respectively as Individual, Administrative, Organizational Culture, Colleagues and Pressure Groups. In addition to test validity of the scale, first and second order confirmatory factor analysis were conducted. Also, Cronbach Alpha values ranged from 0,97 to 0,99. Total Cronbach Alpha value was 0,95 and item total value was between 0,79 and 0,84. The obtained values of the scale showed that scale is valid and reliable.</p>
Feeling American in the Poetic Republic
Authors: Kilcup Karen L. 
Published: January 2016

Karen L. Kilcup, “Feeling American in the Poetic Republic” (pp. 299–335)
Recent scholarship concerning nineteenth-century American poetry has challenged petrified attitudes that depict it as almost exclusively sentimental, unoriginal, and meritless. Yet, absent a historicized conceptual framework for assessing the considerable achievements of these poets, we still undervalue and oversimplify their work. Poetry reviews published between 1820 and 1840 show how properly calibrated emotion shaped readers’ tastes and identities, individual and national, in what I call the poetic republic: a country in which nearly everyone read, wrote, or heard verse. Critics’ appraisals intimate their anxious investment in creating authentic American poetry. Given British contentions that Americans were uncivilized, this anxiety coalesced around several related questions: How should writers approach the subject of Indians? What affective stances should poets assume? Was sentimental discourse, especially on Native Americans, inherently “savage”? This essay illuminates the period’s genre norms, concurrently questioning two current critical conventions. Demonstrating how poetry—including its producers and its publics—participated energetically in American nation-building, the essay complicates Benedict Anderson’s assumption that newspapers and novels singularly shaped national self-concepts. It also establishes how sentimentalism was attacked much earlier than today’s scholarship asserts. Simultaneously accommodating and disciplining wilderness (whether formulated as untamed nature and its wild inhabitants, or as uncontrolled, feminized sentimentality), reviewers collectively endorsed dispassionate, elevated nature poetry—often inhabited by Native Americans—as prototypically American, while they disparaged affective excess that they typically gendered as feminine. These verse norms strongly impacted the reception and reputations of the period’s two principal poets, William Cullen Bryant and Lydia Sigourney.