bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socio-economic risk factors for intestinal helminthiases in selected endemic communities in Mindanao, the Philippines: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Paller Vachel Gay V. , Belizario Vicente Y. , Ancog Rico C. , Alonte Allen Jethro I. , Jimenez Jasmine Renette D. , Corales Christina G. , Divina Billy P. , Prada Joaquin M. , Betson Martha 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Parasitic neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) or ‘infectious diseases of poverty’ continue to affect the poorest communities in the world, including in the Philippines. Socio-economic conditions contribute to persisting endemicity of these infectious diseases. As such, examining these underlying factors may help identify gaps in implementation of control programs. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) and investigate the role of socio-economic and risk factors in the persistence of these diseases in endemic communities in the Philippines.

Methods
This cross-sectional study involving a total of 1,152 individuals from 386 randomly-selected households was conducted in eight municipalities in Mindanao, the Philippines. Participants were asked to submit fecal samples which were processed using the Kato-Katz technique to check for intestinal helminthiases. Moreover, each household head participated in a questionnaire survey investigating household conditions and knowledge, attitude, and practices related to intestinal helminthiases. Associations between questionnaire responses and intestinal helminth infection were assessed.

Results
Results demonstrated an overall schistosomiasis prevalence of 5.7% and soil-transmitted helminthiasis prevalence of 18.8% in the study population. Further, the household questionnaire revealed high awareness of intestinal helminthiases, but lower understanding of routes of transmission. Potentially risky behaviors such as walking outside barefoot and bathing in rivers were common. There was a strong association between municipality and prevalence of helminth infection. Educational attainment and higher “practice” scores (relating to practices which are effective in controlling intestinal helminths) were inversely associated with soil-transmitted helminth infection.

Conclusion
Results of the study showed remaining high endemicity of intestinal helminthiases in the area despite ongoing control programs. Poor socio-economic conditions and low awareness about how intestinal helminthiases are transmitted may be among the factors hindering success of intestinal helminth control programs in the provinces of Agusan del Sur and Surigao del Norte. Addressing these sustainability gaps could contribute to the success of alleviating the burden of intestinal helminthiases in endemic areas.
Musculoskeletal patients’ preferences for care from physiotherapists or support workers: a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Sarigiovannis Panos , Loría-Rebolledo Luis Enrique , Foster Nadine E. , Jowett Sue , Saunders Benjamin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Delegation of clinical tasks from physiotherapists to physiotherapy support workers is common yet varies considerably in musculoskeletal outpatient physiotherapy services, leading to variation in patient care. This study aimed to explore patients’ preferences and estimate specific trade-offs patients are willing to make in treatment choices when treated in musculoskeletal outpatient physiotherapy services.

Methods
A discrete choice experiment was conducted using an efficient design with 16 choice scenarios, divided into two blocks. Adult patients with musculoskeletal conditions recruited from a physiotherapy service completed a cross-sectional, online questionnaire. Choice data analyses were conducted using a multinomial logit model. The marginal rate of substitution for waiting time to first follow-up physiotherapy appointment and distance from the physiotherapy clinic was calculated and a probability model was built to estimate the probability of choosing between two distinct physiotherapy service options under different scenarios.

Results
382 patient questionnaires were completed; 302 participants were treated by physiotherapists and 80 by physiotherapists and support workers. There was a significant preference to be seen by a physiotherapist, have more follow-up treatments, to wait less time for the first follow-up appointment, to be seen one-to-one, to see the same clinician, to travel a shorter distance to get to the clinic and to go to clinics with ample parking. Participants treated by support workers did not have a significant preference to be seen by a physiotherapist and it was more likely that they would choose to be seen by a support worker for clinic scenarios where the characteristics of the physiotherapy service were as good or better.

Conclusions
Findings highlight that patients treated by support workers are likely to choose to be treated by support workers again if the other service characteristics are as good or better compared to a service where treatment is provided only by physiotherapists. Findings have implications for the design of physiotherapy services to enhance patient experience when patients are treated by support workers. The findings will contribute to the development of “best practice” recommendations to guide physiotherapists in delegating clinical work to physiotherapy support workers for patients with musculoskeletal conditions.
Enhanced anti-tumor efficacy of S3I-201 in breast cancer mouse model through Wharton jelly- exosome
Authors: Hosseini Masoomeh , Ezzeddini Rana , Hashemi Seyed Mahmoud , Soudi Sara , Salek Farrokhi Amir 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objective
Exosomes, membrane-enveloped vesicles found in various cell types, including Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells, play a crucial role in intercellular communication and regulation. Their use as a cell-free nanotechnology and drug delivery system has attracted attention. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a major global health problem and is characterized by a high mortality rate. This study investigates the potential of Wharton’s Jelly mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (WJ-Exo) as carriers of S3I-201 and their effects on STAT3 expression in breast cancer cell lines, and evaluates whether these exosomes can enhance the anti-tumor effect of S3I-201.

Methods
The filtered WJ-Exos were analyzed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), flow cytometry, and Western blotting. These exosomes were then used for loading with S3I-201, resulting in the nano-formulation WJ-Exo(S3I-201). The effect of WJ-Exo(S3I-201) on 4T1 cancer cells was investigated in vitro using MTT assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, Western blotting and Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis. Finally, the therapeutic efficacy of the nano-formulation was investigated in vivo using a tumor-bearing mouse model.

Results
In vitro experiments showed that co-incubation of 4T1 cells with the nano-formulation resulted in a significant reduction in p-STAT3 levels, induction of apoptosis, modulation of Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 protein and gene expression, and inhibition of migration. In vivo, treatment of tumor-bearing mice with WJ-Exo(S3I-201) showed a strong antitumor effect that exceeded the efficacy observed in the S3I-201 group.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that WJ-Exo is an effective carrier for targeting S3I-201 to tumor cells and enhances the therapeutic efficacy of S3I-201 in tumor-bearing mice.
Associations of daily eating frequency and nighttime fasting duration with biological aging in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2010 and 2015–2018
Authors: Wang Xuanyang , Zhang Jia , Xu Xiaoqing , Pan Sijia , Cheng Licheng , Dang Keke , Qi Xiang , Li Ying 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Information on the influences of daily eating frequency (DEF) and nighttime fasting duration (NFD) on biological aging is minimal. Our study investigated the potential associations of DEF and NFD with accelerated aging.

Methods
Out of 24212 participants in NHANES 2003–2010 and 2015–2018, 4 predicted age metrics [homeostatic dysregulation (HD), Klemera–Doubal method (KDM), phenoAge (PA), and allostatic load (AL)] were computed based on 12 blood chemistry parameters. Utilizing 24-h dietary recall, DEF was measured by the frequency of eating occurrences, while NFD was determined by assessing the timing of the initial and final meals throughout the day. Weighted multivariate linear regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were utilized to examine the associations.

Results
Compared to DEF of ≤ 3.0 times, subjects with DEF ≥ 4.6 times demonstrated lower KDM residual [β: -0.57, 95% confidence-interval (CI): (-0.97, -0.17)] and PA residual [β: -0.47, 95% CI: (-0.69, -0.25)]. In comparison to NFD between 10.1 and 12.0 h, individuals with NFD ≤ 10.0 h were at higher HD [β: 0.03, 95% CI: (0.01, 0.04)], KDM residual [β: 0.34, 95% CI: (0.05, 0.63)], and PA residual [β: 0.38, 95% CI: (0.18, 0.57)]. Likewise, those with NFD ≥ 14.1 h also had higher HD [β: 0.02, 95% CI: (0.01, 0.04)] and KDM residual [β: 0.33, 95% CI: (0.03, 0.62)]. The results were confirmed by the dose–response relationships of DEF and NFD with predicted age metrics. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and globulin (Glo) were acknowledged as implicated in and mediating the relationships.

Conclusions
DEF below 3.0 times and NFD less than 10.0 or more than 14.1 h were independently associated with higher predicted age metrics.
Socioecologies in shaping migrants and refugee youths’ sexual and reproductive health and rights: a participatory action research study
Authors: Aibangbee Michaels , Micheal Sowbhagya , Liamputtong Pranee , Pithavadian Rashmi , Hossain Syeda Zakia , Mpofu Elias , Dune Tinashe 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study explores socioecological factors facilitating the sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) experiences of migrant and refugee youth (MRY) in Greater Western Sydney, Australia. MRY may be at higher risk for poorer SRH outcomes due to cultural, linguistic, and systemic barriers.

Methods
Using participatory action research, 17 focus groups were conducted with 87 MRY aged 15–29 from diverse cultural backgrounds. Data were analysed thematically, using socioecological framework.

Results
Key facilitators of MRY's SRHR were identified at the microsystem and exosystem levels, including (1) Peer dynamics and support, with friends serving as trusted confidants and sources of advice; (2) Safety and contraceptive choices, highlighting the importance of access to contraception and STI prevention; and (3) Digital platforms for SRHR information access, with online resources filling knowledge gaps.

Conclusion
Findings suggest the need for SRHR interventions to leverage peer support networks, expand access to contraceptive options, and develop culturally appropriate digital resources for MRY. Further research is needed to identify and enhance facilitators across all socioecological levels to comprehensively support MRY's SRHR needs.
Gynecological violence and its resonance in female gynaecologist–client interactions
Authors: Sherafat Shamim 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Aim
Women must seek regular gynecological care for their checkups, childbirth, or gynecological diseases. Given the critical responsibility of obstetricians and gynecologists in safeguarding the health and lives of both mother and baby, this profession is highly sensitive and stressful. Structural factors may complicate the relationship between the doctor and client and lead to gynecological violenceA study in Iran sheds light on the violence between female gynecologists and their clients.

Methods
The research is done through semi-structured interviews with clients, residents, and female gynecologists in Iran to examine the lived experiences of both.

Results
Based on the WHO’s definition of gynecological violence and its categories, verbal, physical, and psychological violence, social discrimination, neglect of care, and failure to maintain client confidentiality were the main themes found in gynecological violence in Iran.

Conclusion
The relationship between the gynecologist and the client suffers due to differences in religious and cultural beliefs, as well as the stressful nature of the job. Female gynecologists go through a challenging training course at university and also medical practice, and the significance of maternal mortality contributes to the stressfulness of their job. Working in public hospitals with a high workload and facing conflicts of interest between financial benefits and patient health complicates the relationship between the gynecologist and the client, creating the conditions for violence between them.
The chemical composition of secondary organic aerosols regulates transcriptomic and metabolomic signaling in an epithelial-endothelial in vitro coculture
Authors: Offer Svenja , Di Bucchianico Sebastiano , Czech Hendryk , Pardo Michal , Pantzke Jana , Bisig Christoph , Schneider Eric , Bauer Stefanie , Zimmermann Elias J. , Oeder Sebastian , Hartner Elena , Gröger Thomas , Alsaleh Rasha , Kersch Christian , Ziehm Till , Hohaus Thorsten , Rüger Christopher P. , Schmitz-Spanke Simone , Schnelle-Kreis Jürgen , Sklorz Martin , Kiendler-Scharr Astrid , Rudich Yinon , Zimmermann Ralf 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) by atmospheric oxidation reactions substantially contributes to the burden of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), which has been associated with adverse health effects (e.g., cardiovascular diseases). However, the molecular and cellular effects of atmospheric aging on aerosol toxicity have not been fully elucidated, especially in model systems that enable cell-to-cell signaling.

Methods
In this study, we aimed to elucidate the complexity of atmospheric aerosol toxicology by exposing a coculture model system consisting of an alveolar (A549) and an endothelial (EA.hy926) cell line seeded in a 3D orientation at the air‒liquid interface for 4 h to model aerosols. Simulation of atmospheric aging was performed on volatile biogenic (β-pinene) or anthropogenic (naphthalene) precursors of SOA condensing on soot particles. The similar physical properties for both SOA, but distinct differences in chemical composition (e.g., aromatic compounds, oxidation state, unsaturated carbonyls) enabled to determine specifically induced toxic effects of SOA.

Results
In A549 cells, exposure to naphthalene-derived SOA induced stress-related airway remodeling and an early type I immune response to a greater extent. Transcriptomic analysis of EA.hy926 cells not directly exposed to aerosol and integration with metabolome data indicated generalized systemic effects resulting from the activation of early response genes and the involvement of cardiovascular disease (CVD) -related pathways, such as the intracellular signal transduction pathway (PI3K/AKT) and pathways associated with endothelial dysfunction (iNOS; PDGF). Greater induction following anthropogenic SOA exposure might be causative for the observed secondary genotoxicity.

Conclusion
Our findings revealed that the specific effects of SOA on directly exposed epithelial cells are highly dependent on the chemical identity, whereas non directly exposed endothelial cells exhibit more generalized systemic effects with the activation of early stress response genes and the involvement of CVD-related pathways. However, a greater correlation was made between the exposure to the anthropogenic SOA compared to the biogenic SOA. In summary, our study highlights the importance of chemical aerosol composition and the use of cell systems with cell-to-cell interplay on toxicological outcomes.

Graphical Abstract
Clinical variability of equine asthma phenotypes and analysis of diagnostic steps in phenotype differentiation
Authors: Meiseberg Lia Kristin , Delarocque Julien , de Buhr Nicole , Ohnesorge Bernhard 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Equine asthma is a common, non-infectious, chronic lung disease that affects up to 80% of the horse population. Strict phenotyping and identification of subclinically asthmatic horses can be challenging. The aim of this study was to describe equine asthma phenotypes (mild, moderate, and severe asthma) defined by BALF cytology and occurrence of clinical signs in a population of privately owned horses and to identify the variables and examination steps with best discriminative potential. The standardised examination protocol included clinical examinations, blood work, airway endoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis, arterial blood gas analysis and radiography under clinical conditions performed by one veterinarian.

Results
Out of 26 horses, four were diagnosed with mild (subclinical), seven with moderate, and seven with severe asthma based on clinical examination and BALF cytology. Eight horses served as controls. Cough with history of coughing was the strongest variable in phenotype differentiation. Factor analysis revealed an increasing clinical variability with disease severity and an overlapping of clinical presentations between phenotypes. Elevated mast cell (4/4 horses) and neutrophil counts (3/4 horses) in bronchoalveolar lavage cytology differentiated mild asthmatic horses from healthy horses. Moderate and severe asthmatic horses were characterised by clinical signs and neutrophil counts.

Conclusions
The results indicate that medical history, clinical examination and bronchoalveolar lavage cytology are minimum indispensable steps to diagnose equine asthma and that phenotypes are clinically overlapping. A differentiation of three phenotypes without neutrophil and mast cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage cytology is not sufficient for clinical diagnostics. A comparably exact diagnosis cannot be achieved by relying on alternative examinations used in this study. Screenings of inconspicuous horses with bronchoalveolar lavage can aid in diagnosing subclinically affected animals, however, group size was small, the procedure is invasive and clinical relevance of slightly elevated cells in bronchoalveolar lavage remains unclear. Clinical relevance could not be clarified in this study, since follow-up examinations or lung function testing were not performed.
Eco-friendly electrochemical assay of oxytetracycline and flunixin in their veterinary injections and spiked milk samples
Authors: Trabik Yossra A. , Ayad Miriam F. , Mahmoud Amr M. , Abdullatif Hind A. , Michael Adel M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTwo solid-contact electrochemical sensors were developed for detection of each of oxytetracycline HCl (OXY), and the co-formulated non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug flunixin meglumine (FLU) in veterinary formulations and animal-derived food products. The designed sensors were based on a glassy carbon electrode as the substrate material and high molecular weight polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymeric ion-sensing membranes doped with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to improve the potential stability and minimize signal drift. For determination of OXY, the sensing membrane was modified with potassium tetrakis (4-chlorophenyl) borate (K-TCPB), which was employed as a cation exchanger, and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-ßCD), which was used as an ionophore. A linear response within a concentration range of 1 × 10− 6-1 × 10− 2 M with a slope of 59.47 mV/decade over a pH range of 1–5 was recorded. For the first time, two potentiometric electrodes were developed for determination of FLU, where the sensing membrane was modified with tetra dodecyl ammonium chloride (TDDAC) as an anion exchanger. A linear response within a concentration range of 1 × 10− 5-1 × 10− 2 M and a slope of -58.21 mV/decade over a pH range of 6–11 was observed. The suggested sensors were utilized for the selective determination of each drug in pure powder form, in veterinary formulations, and in spiked milk samples, with mean recoveries ranging from 98.50 to 102.10, and without any observed interference. The results acquired by the proposed sensors were statistically analyzed and compared with those acquired by the official methods, and the results showed no significant difference.
Graphical Abstract
Effectiveness and safety of Arecae Semen compounds for patients with depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lin Tong , Zang Xiaoyu , Chen Yi , Zhao Linhua , Zhang Ying 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Arecae Semen is a traditional herbal medicine widely used in the medical service and food industry, but in recent years, the carcinogenesis of edible Arecae Semen chewing has aroused comprehensive attention, therefore it is necessary to evaluate its medicinal properties. Increasing evidence has shown that Arecae Semen Compounds (ASC) possess antidepressant ability. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ASC in the treatment of depression.

Methods
We retrieved articles in eight databases from their inception to May 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of ASC alone or combined with routine treatment in patients with depression were identified. The Cochrane risk of bias (ROB) tool (ROB 2) was used for assessing the ROB in the included trials. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess the certainty of the evidence for the review outcomes. The outcomes included Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) scores, depression-related symptoms, serum dopamine levels, and adverse events. Stata 14.0 was used for data analysis calculating standardized mean difference (SMD) for continuous outcomes and relative risk (RR) for binary outcomes, both with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
Nine RCTs involving 787 patients were included in this review. ASC lowered HAMD scores (SMD − 3.43, 95% CI − 5.24 to − 1.61; I2 = 95.2%, P < 0.001), alleviated depression-related symptoms, increased serum dopamine levels, and reduced the incidence of adverse events slightly (RR 0.18, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.77; I2 = 0, P = 0.775) compared with the control group. Publication bias might account for the asymmetrical presentation of funnel plots. Meta-regression analysis revealed that regarding HAMD scores, there was no significant relationship with duration, sample size, or treatment strategy. The evidence of the outcomes was of very low certainty.

Conclusions
ASC may achieve better therapeutic effects, alleviate depression-related symptoms with a lower incidence of adverse events, and provide a potentially effective and safe complementary therapy for patients with depression. However, the evidence is very uncertain so further researches are required to validate our results and explore clinical implications of Arecae Semen in depth.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42022361150.