bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Lived Experiences of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Masih Daneshvari Hospital: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Ghazanchaei Elham , Varahram Mohammad , Keyvani Rad Fatemeh , Jebelli Beheshteh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a profound impact on the lives of people around the world. This study aimed to investigate the lived experiences of COVID-19 patients during their illness, including hospitalization, referrals to treatment centers, and their physical and mental experiences, at the Masih Daneshvari Educational and Research Center in Tehran.

METHODS:
This was a phenomenological study using a conventional content analysis approach. Data collection and analysis were conducted based on the steps proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. The study population consisted of 52 COVID-19 patients (28 females and 24 males) hospitalized at Masih Daneshvari Hospital. Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted until data saturation was reached.

RESULTS:
A total of 957 primary codes were extracted from the data, which were subsequently reduced to 52 codes after reviewing and consolidating similar codes. The findings revealed that the challenges faced by COVID-19 patients could be categorized into 5 main themes and 15 subcategories: Patients’ perceptions of how they were infected (disease characteristics, cultural-religious issues, and vulnerable patients), communication with treatment staff (satisfaction, respect, and empathy), physical and mental health (psychological effects, symptom exacerbation, and disease complications), ambiguity experiences (training, awareness, risk perception, and multiple treatments), and emotional experiences from hospitalization (social stigma, fear of death, and disease suffering).

CONCLUSION:
This study provides valuable insights into the challenges faced by COVID-19 patients, which can inform future policymaking and planning for managing epidemics and similar public health crises.
A Prospective Study on the Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome at a Tertiary Care Hospital of North Karnataka, India
Authors: Jain Apoorva , Neravi Asha , Kumar K. S. Sunil , Shirahatti Ravi S. , Oli Ajay Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
The global incidence of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is on the rise, yet the etiological variables influencing PCOS remain unclear. The lack of a standardized diagnostic and treatment protocol adds complexity to managing PCOS. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PCOS at SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital in Dharwad, Karnataka, India, utilizing the Rotterdam criteria over a period of 9 months from January to September 2023.

METHODS:
A prospective, observational and cross-sectional study was conducted, enrolling 150 women from the tertiary care hospital. PCOS diagnosis was based on the Rotterdam criteria, considering factors such as age, marital status, education, occupation, nutrition, and biochemical parameters. Data analysis employed GraphPad Prism version 9 and SPSS software version 20.

RESULTS:
Of the 150 participants, 72.47% met the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS, with oligomenorrhea, clinical/biochemical hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries on ultrasonography identified. The highest prevalence was in the age group of 27–30 years (31.19%). Significant associations were observed between PCOS and dietary habits, with P < 0.001. Demographic profiles indicated a higher prevalence among married individuals (81.65%) and those with primary education (69.72%). Body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio were significantly different between PCOS and control groups (P = 0.0326 and < 0.001, respectively). Biochemical parameters such as luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio and anti-Müllerian hormone levels showed significant differences (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
PCOS prevalence was notable among reproductive age women at the tertiary care hospital. The study underscores the importance of considering both clinical and biochemical parameters for PCOS diagnosis using the Rotterdam criteria. Lifestyle management, including dietary changes and physical activity, emerged as the essential components. Further research and awareness initiatives are needed to address the increasing prevalence of PCOS and improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Prevalence of Chronic Wounds Microbial Contaminations and their Susceptibility Pattern to Current Antibiotics in Mbingo and Nkwen Baptist Hospitals
Authors: Lontum Dinka Clifford , Tsouh Fokou Patrick Valere , Bonglavnyuy Tume Christopher 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Antimicrobial resistance among pathogens causing chronic wound infections is a growing concern, particularly in low-income countries. Understanding the microbial profile and antibiotic susceptibility patterns in chronic wounds is crucial for guiding effective treatment strategies. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of microbial contamination and antibiotic susceptibility patterns in chronic wounds among patients treated at Mbingo Baptist Hospital and Nkwen Baptist Hospital in Northwest Cameroon.

METHODS:
A cross-sectional, hospital-based study was conducted from March to June 2022. Wound samples were collected from patients with chronic wounds, and microbiological analyses were performed to identify the isolates and assess their antimicrobial susceptibility.

RESULTS:
A total of 54 chronic wounds were examined, with venous ulcers being the most common type (42.6%). Bacterial and fungal growth was detected in 89% of the wound swabs. Gram-negative bacteria, including Salmonella spp. (14.8%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.4%), were frequently isolated, along with Gram-positive organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus (18.5%) and Staphylococcus spp. (11.1%). Polymicrobial infections were observed in 11.2% of the cases. The isolates exhibited high-resistance rates to commonly used antibiotics, such as sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (83%), amoxicillin (80.9%), ceftriaxone (74.5%), azithromycin (66%), and doxycycline (61.7%). Diphtheria spp. and S. aureus showed resistance to nearly all the tested antibiotics.

CONCLUSION:
This study highlights the significant burden of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in chronic wound infections in the studied health-care facilities in Cameroon. These findings underscore the urgent need for improved antimicrobial stewardship and the development of novel treatment strategies to address the growing challenge of drug-resistant pathogens in chronic wound management.
Can Renal Masses Cross Midline? – Report of Three Cases of Renal and Visceral Midline Shifts Due to Abdominal Mass Effect
Authors: Darsan S. Lal , Moorthy H. Krishna , Gurugubelli Krishna Rao , Boda Bharath Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Primary retroperitoneal structures, particularly kidneys, are considered ‘fixed’ to the posterior abdominal wall by fasciae and vascular pedicles from the great vessels. However, huge masses arising in the retroperitoneum – either benign or malignant – are found to exert a mass effect in the retroperitoneal and intraperitoneal compartments, resulting in ‘visceral midline shift’. We present three different cases of retroperitoneal swellings causing extreme anatomical distortions in the abdomen and their surgical implications.
Can patient gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomics affect their attitude toward rubber dam? A cross-sectional study
Authors: Maqbool Manahil , Daramalinggam Logan Raj , Then Bernard , Akram Zunaira , Ghani Nik Rozainah Nik Abdul , Noorani Tahir Yusuf 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Using rubber dam (RD) is essential during restorative and endodontic procedures. It aids in avoiding instrument or restorative material aspiration and helps the operator in achieving a clean and dry operating site. This study aimed to determine patient attitudes toward the use of RD in a Malaysian subpopulation based on their gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (household income and educational level).

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted on the east-coast patient population of Malaysia, receiving restorative and endodontic treatments with a RD at the undergraduate dental clinics of the School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia. Data were statistically analyzed.

Results:
A total of 106 patients participated and answered the questionnaire based on their satisfaction with RD use. Randomized convenience sampling was done. The satisfaction levels with the use of RD were not significantly different among males and females. However, satisfaction levels were found to be statistically significant based on the level of comfort of different ethnic groups (P = 0.001) and recommendation to friends or relatives (P = 0.004). Satisfaction with RD usage based on level of education was also reported as statistically significant (P = 0.006). There was a statistically significant association between patients’ satisfaction on preference and recommendation to their friends or relatives (P = 0.005) based on household income.

Conclusion:
A patient who was well-educated and earned a reasonable income was more satisfied and prone to accepting and recommending RD usage.
Evaluation of the quantity of extruded debris through the apical foramen using optimum glide path motion: An ex vivo study
Authors: Büker Mine , Ali Afzal , Kayaci Sükriye Türkoglu , Arslan Hakan 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
The aimed of the study was to evaluate apically extruded debris from teeth that were instrumented with full-sequenced files using a new kinematic technique (optimum glide path [OGP] motion).

Materials and Methods:
Seventy-two single-rooted lower bicuspid teeth with a single canal were divided into four groups (n = 18) based on the kinematics of rotation motion, 90° OGP motion, 90° clockwise (CW)–90° counter CW (CCW) motion, and 90° CW–120° CCW motion. Preweighed Eppendorf tubes were used to collect debris. The weight of the dry extruded debris was calculated by deducting the initial tube weight from the end weight. The Kruskal–Wallis test and the least significant difference for pairwise comparisons test were used to statistically assess the data (P < 0.05).

Results:
In comparison to the rotation motion, the 90° OGP motion extruded the least quantity of debris, which was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
The findings suggest that a 90° OGP motion delivers the best results regarding extruded debris through the apical foramen.
The effect of rotational speed on force and torque during instrumentation of simulated root canals using ProTaper Next rotary files
Authors: Haimed Tariq S. Abu 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Rotary nickel–titanium files are subjected to shear and flexural stresses during instrumentation. Increasing the rotational speed may reduce the shear stresses but can deteriorate the fatigue life of the file. This in vitro study aimed to address the influence of three rotational speeds 300, 500, and 700 RPM on the apical force and torque generated during instrumentation as well as on file fracture.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 48 simulated canals were divided into three groups: 300, 500, and 700 RPM (n = 16). Each canal was instrumented using a ProTaper Next XA orifice opener to prepare the coronal third and an X2 shaper to prepare the middle and apical thirds. A new set of files (XA and X2) was used to prepare four canals. A customized setup was used to evaluate the maximum apical force and torque corresponding to each third of the canal. The files were inspected for deformation or fracture using a stereomicroscope. Force and torque data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Post hoc Tukey test at 5% significance.

Results:
Five hundred and 700 RPM generated a significantly lower apical force and torque than 300 RPM at all canal thirds (P < 0.001). However, 700 RPM was superior to 500 RPM at the coronal third only (P < 0.001). No incidence of deformation or fracture was reported in any group.

Conclusions:
In resin artificial canals, increasing the rotational speed of the tested ProTaper Next files resulted in significantly less apical force and torque without increasing the incidence of fracture. Further studies involving natural teeth are required to validate these results using natural teeth.
Evaluation of apically extruded debris using protaper universal, protaper next, one curve, Xp shaper, and edge file: An in vitro study
Authors: Muhaibes Murtada Qadir , Alwakeel Shatha Abdulkareem 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Effective chemo-mechanical debridement is essential for a successful endodontic treatment. The present study aimed to determine the quantity of apical extruded debris during instrumentation by Protaper Universal (PTU), Protaper Next (PTN), One Curve, Xp Shaper, and Edge file systems.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty human maxillary first molars were chosen for this study. The palatal roots of teeth were decoronated using a diamond disk at length 13 mm, Then 50 samples were randomly divided to five groups (n = 10) (Group I: PTU file; Group II: PTN file; Group III: One Curve file; Group IV: XP Shaper file; and Group V: Edge file). After instrumentation, the root-cap assembly was detached from the glass vial. After that, the outer surface of the root was rinsed in the vial by 2 mL of normal saline to eliminate any debris that could have attached to it. The samples’ vials were stored in a hot air oven for 2 h at 100°C to allow moisture to evaporate before the debris was weighed with an electronic balance that had a 0.0001 g precision.

Results:
The data were statistically analyzed, and the greatest amount of extruded debris was in the PTU file (mean = 1.596), which had a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) with all other groups.

Conclusion:
Even after taking the study’s limitations into account, apical debris extrusion was observed in all groups. In contrast to the PTU file system, which exhibited the greatest value, the One Curve file system showed the lowest mean value of apical extrusion debris.
Comparative study between surgical wound catheter, femoral nerve block, and adductor canal block for postoperative analgesia after knee arthroplasty: A double blind randomized clinical trial
Authors: El Tallawy Salah N. , Ali Wegdan A. , Thallaj Ahmed K. , Ahmed Rania S. , Manaa Essam M. , Mostafa Mohamed S. , Aljasser Fawzi F. , Amlih Haneen F. , Hassanin Abeer A. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The present study compared the surgical wound catheter (SWC), femoral nerve block (FNB), and adductor canal block (ACB) for postoperative analgesia after knee arthroplasty.

Methods:
The study included (180) patients scheduled for unilateral total knee replacement and were randomly allocated into three groups. Patients received postoperative analgesia via continuous infusion of ropivacaine 0.2% (10 ml bolus followed by continuous infusion of 5 ml/hour) through the SWC, FNB, or ACB groups. All groups received supplemental analgesia by IV morphine using patient controlled analgesia. Pain scores were assessed at rest and during movements, the worst and least pain scores, and how often were in worst pain during the first 72 hours. The functional activity and patient’s satisfaction were also recorded.

Results:
The study showed significant reductions in pain scores at rest and during movements in all groups compared to the baseline scores. Significant reductions in pain scores were observed in both ACB and FNB groups compared to the SWC group (P < 0.05). The worst pain scores were (6.15 ± 2.9, 5.85 ± 2.7, and 5.025 ± 1.513), least pain scores (2.06 ± 0.72, 1.92 ± 1.34 and 1.89 ± 1.76), percentage of time in worst pain (17.67 ± 9.15, 11.42 ± 7.50, and 9.8.8 ± 8.14) and the total morphine consumption (39.24 ± 6.82, 34.55 ± 7.86, and 26.40 ± 8.47 mg) in the SWC, FNB, and ACB groups, respectively. Functional assessments and patient’s satisfaction, at 6 and 24 hours, were significantly better in ACB followed by SWC, and lastly FNB group (P < 0.5). No significant differences in the incidence of side effects (P > 0.05). Local anesthetic leak from the SWC was a continuous concern by the orthopedic surgeons.

Conclusions:
In terms of efficiency, ACB provided the highest quality of analgesia in terms of pain relief, functional activity, and patient’s satisfaction. Both ACB and FNB provided higher quality of analgesia compared to the SWC. While ACB and SWC provided better functional improvements compared to FNB.
Oral cancer awareness and attitude toward its screening among health-care practitioners in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Zaki Hattan A. , Almukhlifi Rahaf S. , Alrowaithi Somaya S. , Mirah Mahir A. , Abdoh Roqia , Kaaki Muhannad M. , Abdouh Ismail 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Oral cancer (OC) is a major health problem globally; it is the sixth-most common cancer worldwide, affecting anywhere in the oral cavity and associated with multiple risk factors, including the awareness and practices from medical and dental practitioners regarding OC.

Aim:
This study aims to explore the level of awareness of medical and dental practitioners regarding OC and attitude toward its screening in Saudi Arabia, Madinah.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2020 and March 2021 among medical and dental students, interns, and practitioners in Madinah. A total of 265 participants were included in the survey. Data were collected and statistically analyzed and the significance level was set at (P < 0.05).

Results and Discussion:
About 86.9% of the participants were belongs to the dental field, while 13.6% were from the medical field. Half of the respondents (50.2%) were not sure if they feel confident regarding their knowledge concerning the prevention and detection of OC. About 53.8% indicated that they usually do not perform OC screening. However, 88.7% of the respondents are willing to know more information about OC. Dental practitioners were significantly feeling more confident in their knowledge concerning the prevention and detection of OC (P = 0.001). However, a higher number of medical practitioners (44.4%) indicated that they were poorly informed about OC clinical appearances (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
This study highlighted the importance of improving knowledge and awareness of medical and dental practitioners regarding OC in Madinah Western Saudi Arabia. Current results demonstrate that medical and dental practitioners should be encouraged to take an active role in raising awareness about OC, its signs and symptoms and the associated risk factors; hence, this can aid in the early detection of OC among relevant population.
Awareness of the bidirectional relationship between diabetes, periodontal diseases, and its risk factors among diabetic patients in the Asir region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsharif Haifa Nasser S. , Mari Jawharah Ali Y. , Shafloot Rawan Saeed A. , Alhufayyan Ghydaa Sultan H. , Bahamdan Ghadah Khaled , Javali Mukhatar Ahmed 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Bidirectional relationship between diabetes and periodontal diseases has been recognized and accepted in the literature for a long time and shown to influence each other in both development and disease progression. Age, obesity, stress, smoking, and genetic predisposition are considered risk factors for diabetes and periodontal diseases.

Aims:
The objective of this questionnaire study was to assess the awareness of diabetic patients regarding the bidirectional relationship between diabetes, periodontal diseases, and risk factors.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted on diabetic patients in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia between 18 and 70 years-age group individuals. A self-administrated questionnaire, which contained four sections of close-ended questions, was used. The sections included demographic characteristics, knowledge, and awareness regarding the relationship between diabetics and periodontal disease and knowledge and understanding of oral hygiene. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the collected data, and descriptive statistical analysis was done.

Results and Discussion:
This study included 221 diabetic patients. The overall knowledge regarding the bidirectional relationship was high among 43%, whereas the knowledge regarding oral hygiene was high among 58.8%. The duration of diabetes (P = 0.006), medication for controlling blood sugar (P = 0.03), type of medication (P = 0.004), and the state of diabetes (P = 0.01) significantly affected the knowledge regarding the bidirectional relationship. There was a significant correlation between the understanding of oral hygiene and the knowledge of the bidirectional relationship (P = 0.0001).

Conclusions:
The study participants had low knowledge and awareness regarding the bidirectional relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease. However, those who had a high knowledge of oral hygiene also had an increased knowledge regarding the bidirectional correlation. Medical and dental professionals must create awareness about the importance of maintaining good oral health and influencing overall general health in diabetic patients, regardless of the presence or absence of the recognized risk factors.
The preclinical teaching of the “Chairside Economical Restoration of Esthetic Ceramic” workflow: A questionnaire-based evaluation
Authors: Nothaft Maximilian , Groth Eva , Tim Eichhorn , Rominu Mihai , Junker Ruediger 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
As part of the preclinical teaching of computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) systems at Danube Private University (DPU) the Chairside Economical Restoration of Esthetic Ceramic (CEREC) system is introduced in the third semester, using the so-called CEREC curriculum. Here, the students learn about the use of the CEREC system for scanning their dental preparations in the phantom head and designing fixed dental prostheses.

Aims:
The perspective and feedback of students is essential for the success of teaching modules, which is why their views on the so-called curriculum CEREC (CAD/CAM) were evaluated using an anonymous questionnaire.

Materials and Methods:
A survey study in written form was conducted using anonymized questionnaires. A descriptive statistical analysis of the ratings of the statements in the questionnaires in Microsoft Excel and IBM followed this SPSS statistics (version 27).

Results and Discussion:
The results show that the curriculum CEREC was predominantly positively evaluated, and the learning content was positively received. The training of the assessment ability, as well as the promotion of motivation in the course of study, the acquisition of a better understanding, and optimized self-assessment through CEREC could also be affirmed.

Conclusion:
However, it could be concluded that, according to the students, the use of a CEREC system could not replace the feedback of a lecturer.