bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutritional AMD Treatment Phase I (NAT-1): Feasibility of Oral DHA Supplementation in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Querques G. , Benlian P. , Chanu B. , Portal C. , Coscas G. , Soubrane G. , Souied E.H. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To create a pilot study in order to evaluate the feasibility of a prospective case-control study of oral supplementation with fish oil (docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]; eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA]) in a population with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods A homogeneous group of 38 patients with drusenoid pigment epithelial detachment in one eye (PED) without choroidal new vessels (CNV) was selected. A complete ophthalmologic examination, and a complete profile of fatty acids in serum (S) and in red blood cell membranes (RBCM), were recorded at day 0 and month 6. In group 1, 22 patients were orally supplemented with EPA (720 mg/day) and DHA (480 mg/day) during 6 months. In group 2, 16 patients were followed as controls. Nutritional recommendations on fish consumption were given to both groups. Results In group 1, after 6 months supplementation we observed a significant blood enrichment in EPA (EPA-S: 2.20 vs 0.79, p<0.0001 and EPA-RBCM: 2.24 vs 0.85, p<0.0001) and in DHA (DHA-S: 2.47 vs 1.56, p<0.0001 and DHA-RBCM: 6.47 vs 4.67, p<0.0001). No change was observed in group 2 despite nutritional recommendations. In this short follow-up, no evolution to CNV was noted in either of the two groups. Neither side effects nor dropouts were observed in either of the groups. Conclusions This study supports the feasibility of a long-term double-masked prospective case-control study in an AMD population in order to evaluate a potential benefit from oral supplementation with DHA.
Choroidal Neovascularization in Angioid Streaks and Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum: 1 Year Follow-Up
Authors: Schiano Lomoriello D. , Parravano M. , Chiaravalloti A. , Varano M. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report the efficacy of intravitreal injection of bevacizumab 1.25 mg (IVB) in the treatment of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to angioid streaks (AS). Methods Case review of two patients with CNV secondary to AS treated with three IVB with a 1-year follow-up. Results In both patients after 1 year fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography showed complete inactivity of the CNV and the ophthalmologic examination revealed stabilization of the visual acuity. Conclusions The IBV appeared to be an effective and safe treatment for CNV secondary to AS resulting in a long-term CNV inactivation. Further long-term studies in this type of lesion are desirable.
The Relationship between Patient Age and Astigmatism Magnitude after Congenital Cataract Surgery
Authors: Bar-Sela Shai M. , Glovinsky Yoseph , Wygnanski-Jaffe Tamara , Spierer Abraham 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To evaluate the magnitude of refractive astigmatism after congenital cataract surgery and to define its correlation with patient age. Methods The authors retrospectively reviewed the charts of all pediatric patients who underwent congenital cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation through a 3.0-mm clear corneal incision from 1998 to 2003, and had no suture removal for 5 months afterward. Thirty-four children were included, aged 2 months to 15 years. Refractive astigmatism was assessed manually 1 week, 3 months, and 5 months after surgery by an experienced optometrist. The paired t test was used to compare the magnitude of postoperative astigmatism at different postoperative periods. Spearman correlation was used to determine the correlation between patient age and the postoperative refractive astigmatism. Results Mean refractive astigmatism in all patients was 1.8±1.5 diopters (D) at 1 week post-operatively. It significantly decreased to 1.0±0.7 D at 3 months postoperatively (p=0.001), and to 0.8±0.7 D at 5 months postoperatively (p=0.03). The change in astigmatism was significantly greater during the first 3 postoperative months than during the following 2 months (p=0.04). Patient age was significantly correlated with 1 week postoperative astigmatism (Spearman coefficient, r = −0.46; p=0.006) and with 3 months postoperative astigmatism (Spearman coefficient, r =–0.37; p=0.03). Conclusions Congenital cataract surgery using a small, clear corneal incision for IOL implantation caused high early postoperative astigmatism, which spontaneously regressed thereafter. Younger patients had higher early postoperative astigmatism.
The ReZoom Multifocal Intraocular Lens: 2-Year Follow-up
Authors: Forte Raimondo , Ursoleo Paolo 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To evaluate distance, intermediate, and near visual acuity and patient satisfaction over a period of 2 years after implantation of the ReZoom multifocal intraocular lens. Methods Fifty-five eyes of 35 cataract patients were included in this retrospective study. Only patients with a preoperative photopic pupillary diameter superior to 3 mm were included. Monocular visual acuities and visual symptoms were compared at different time points. Results Preoperative mean distance uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was 0.5±0.3 LogMAR, uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UCiVA) at 50 cm was 0.6±0.3 LogMAR, and near un-corrected visual acuity (UNVA) was J7.8±0.6. Mean follow-up was 28.1±7.2 months. At 6 months, UCVA improved to 0.05±0.09 logMAR (p<0.001), UCiVA to 0.08±0.1 LogMAR (p<0.001), and UNVA to J2.4±0.4 (p<0.001). At 24 months, UCVA was 0.04±0.08 LogMAR, UCiVA was 0.07±0.1 LogMAR, and UNVA was J2.3±0.7. No significant differences were observed between the values at 6 months versus 24 months. At the 3-month visit, moderate glare and halo were reported by 10% and 13% of patients, respectively. The occurrence of visual symptoms decreased with time, with only 7% and 5% of patients reporting moderate glare and halo at the last visit, respectively. Conclusions The ReZoom lens provides quality vision at all distances. Between 6 and 24 months of follow-up, a further improvement of optical disturbances rather than uncorrected visual acuity may be expected.
Quantitative Assessment of Anterior Chamber Volume using Slit-Lamp OCT and Pentacam
Authors: Dinc Umut Asli , Oncel Banu , Gorgun Ebru , Alimgil Levent 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To quantitatively assess and compare the anterior chamber volume (ACV) by different anterior segment imaging techniques. Methods Forty healthy eyes of 40 patients were recruited and three consecutive measurements of ACV were determined prospectively utilizing SL-OCT and Pentacam. Statistical significance of interdevice differences between measurements was evaluated by unpaired t test and Bland-Altman analysis. The repeatability of three consecutive measurements was analyzed by repeated measured analysis of variance. Results Eighty eyes of 40 patients (18 female, 22 male) with a mean spherical error of −0.55±1.4 diopters were included in the study. Mean ACV were detected as 163.34±29.76 mm3 by Pentacam and 164.14±28.44 mm3 by SL-OCT (unpaired t test, p=0.872). Pentacam and SL-OCT displayed a high intrasession repeatability (repeated measured analysis of variance, p>0.05). ACV values detected by SL-OCT were clinically interchangeable with Pentacam. Conclusions Noncontact measurements of ACV using SL-OCT and Pentacam were easy to handle and demonstrated good repeatability. The tested devices were regarded as compatible in measuring ACV.
Linear Regression Analysis of the Cumulative Defect Curve by Sectors and Other Criteria of Glaucomatous Visual Field Progression
Authors: De La Rosa Manuel Gonzalez , Gonzalez-Hernandez Marta , Diaz-Aleman Tinguaro 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To analyze the progression of visual field loss using sector analysis of the cumulative defect curve and other procedures. Methods Visual fields of 260 glaucomatous eyes were analyzed over 2.8 years (SD = 1.2) with at least five examinations (mean 6.9; SD = 2.0) using Octopus 311 perimeter and TOP strategy. The authors applied Threshold Noiseless Trend (TNT) program, which performs local filtering of threshold to reduce fluctuation, and analyzed five criteria: 1) a score based on significant progression of eight sectors of the cumulative defect curve (CD); 2) a score based on the presence of points (PO) with significant progression; 3) global progression (GL) of all local deviations; 4) progression of mean defect (MD); 5) progression of the square root of loss variance (sLV). The authors estimated false diagnoses (FD), randomly reordering examinations of each patient. An index of focality of progression (FI) was obtained. Results sLV presented low sensitivity and GL low specificity. CD and PO presented twice the sensitivity of MD, often proving earlier indicators. The authors observed significant progression of some of the three criteria in 17.5% of the cases when MD <6 dB and in 20.7% when MD >6 dB (FD=5.7%). Agreement between two criteria occurred in 6.8% of cases with MD <6 dB and in 11.6% when MD >6 dB (FD=1.9%). Result reproducibility in successive examinations was observed in 9.9% of cases (FD=1.3%). Focality of progression increased with MD. Conclusions PO and CD indicate suspected progression earlier than MD. Reproduction of results in successive examinations or agreement between criteria allows confirmation of progression.
Effects of Astigmatism on the Humphrey Matrix Perimeter
Authors: Yoshii Toshiaki , Matsuura Toyoaki , Yukawa Eiichi , Hara Yoshiaki 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To evaluate the influence of astigmatism in terms of its amount and direction on the results of Humphrey Matrix perimetry. Methods A total of 31 healthy volunteers from hospital staff were consecutively recruited to undergo repeat testing with Humphrey Matrix 24–2 full threshold program with various induced simple myopic astigmatism. All subjects had previous experience (at least twice) with Matrix testing. To produce simple myopic astigmatism, a 0 diopter (D), +1 D, or +2 D cylindrical lens was added and inserted in the 180° direction and in the 90° direction after complete correction of distance vision. The influences of astigmatism were evaluated in terms of the mean deviation (MD), pattern standard deviation (PSD), and test duration (TD). Results A significant difference was observed only in the MD from five sessions. The MD in cases of 2 D inverse astigmatism was significantly lower than that in the absence of astigmatism. Conclusions In patients with inverse myopic astigmatism of ≥ 2 D, the influences of astigmatism on the visual field should be taken into consideration when the results of Humphrey Matrix perimetry are evaluated.
Efficacy of Intravitreal Bevacizumab to Treat Retinal Angiomatous Proliferation Stage II and III
Authors: Montero Javier A. , Fernandez Maria I. , Gomez-Ulla Francisco , Ruiz-Moreno José M. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab to treat retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) stages II and III. Methods A retrospective, interventional, nonrandomized multicentric study was performed. The files, optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans, indocyanine green, and fluorescein angiograms of patients with RAP stages II and III who had been treated by intravitreal bevacizumab were retrospectively examined. Final visual acuity, number of injections, and appearance of adverse events were considered as main outcome indicators. Results Twenty-six eyes from 24 patients (9 male and 15 female) were treated by intravitreal bevacizumab. Fourteen eyes presented RAP stage II and 12 eyes presented RAP stage III. Mean age was 76±9 and 79±6 years, respectively. Mean initial best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was logMAR 0.60±0.24 and 1.13±0.37, respectively. Mean BCVA was 0.62±0.26 and 1.06±0.37, respectively, at 6 months (p=0.96 and 0.10, respectively, Student t test for paired data) and 0.63±0.26 and 1.04±0.37, respectively, at 12 months (p=0.82 and p=0.06, respectively, Student t test for paired data). The average number of injections during the first year was 3.4 and 3.2, respectively. Conclusions Intravitreal bevacizumab may stabilize visual acuity during the first year in RAP lesion stage II and III. Visual prognosis seems to be better in RAP II lesions.
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Tumor in a Young Asian Female
Authors: Palamar Melis , Shields Carol L. , Marr Brian P. , Eagle Ralph C. , Shields Jerry A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report a case of low-grade adenocarcinoma of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in a young Asian woman. Methods Interventional case report with histopathologic correlation. Results A 28-year-old Asian woman with a year-long history of floaters presented with a dark pigmented lesion in the right eye. Partial lamellar sclerouvectomy was performed and histopathology revealed a retina pigment epithelial neoplasm consistent with a low-grade adenocarcinoma. The patient responded well to the surgery with no complications. Conclusions Neoplasms of RPE are rare but must be differentiated from choroidal melanoma, as they do not tend to metastasize. Local resection can be a good option for peripheral RPE tumors.
The Visual Results and Changes in Retinopathy in Diabetic Patients following Cataract Surgery
Authors: Sadiq S.A. , Sleep T. , Amoaku W.M.K. 
Published: January 2018

Introduction A study was designed to investigate the visual improvement and incidence of progression of retinopathy in diabetic patients following extracapsular cataract extraction or phacoemulsification. They were compared to a matched group of non-diabetic patients. Methods A retrospective analysis of all diabetic patients (118) undergoing ECCE (90) or phacoemulsification (28) in 1995. These patients were operation and age matched with 118 non-diabetic patients who underwent surgery during the same year. Results There was no statistically significant difference in complications following ECCE in diabetic and non-diabetic patients (p=0.2). Complications were however more common in non-diabetic patients undergoing phacoemulsification compared to diabetics undergoing the same procedure (p=0.046). Although consultants performed 42% of the surgery in diabetics compared to 31% in non-diabetics, there was no significant difference in the rate of complications between consultants and residents (p=0.8). Overall the visual improvement in non-diabetics was better than diabetic patients (p=0.006). This was due to a better improvement amongst non-diabetic patients undergoing phacoemulsification (p=0.02). Overall, cataract surgery was found to lead to a worsening in retinopathy in 19 operated eyes (15 had no retinopathy preoperatively) compared to a worsening in 8 fellow eyes. This was statistically significant (p=0.04). However, ECCE was no more likely to cause worsening of retinopathy than phacoemulsification (p=0.87). Conclusions Diabetic patients due to undergo cataract surgery a) have a good chance of visual improvement but to a level less than if they were not diabetic, b) have a greater chance of visual loss, c) surgery may initiate or worsen any pre-existing retinopathy and this may affect their vision in the future.
Thermoablation Treatment for Trichiasis in Trachoma Using the Semiconductor Diode Pumped Laser
Authors: Oguz H. , Aras C. , Ozdamar A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose The aim of this prospective study was to verify the efficacy of laser therapy for trichiasis in trachoma. Trichiasis is one of the most important complications of trachoma which is endemic in Sanliurfa, a city in the southeast of Turkey. Methods Twenty-eight eyelids of 22 patients - 15 males and 7 females - with trichiasis related to trachoma involving the upper, lower, or both lids, were included in the study and treated with a semiconductor diode-pumped, frequency-doubled, solid-state laser operating true CW at 532 nm. Results 19 (67.9%) of the lids were successfully treated in two sessions or less. Six lids (21.4%) required a third laser session and three (10.7%) a fourth session. Mild notching or dimpling occurred in two eyelids (5.6%). Postoperative swelling was minimal or absent. Conclusions The results show that laser treatment may be successful for trichiasis caused by trachoma. Laser thermoablation is an effective and safe method, with many advantages over other modalities.
Effects of Free and Liposome-Encapsulated Hemoglobin on Choroidal Vascular Plexus Blood Flow, Using the Rabbit Eye as a Model System
Authors: Flower R. , Rudolph A. S. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose This study investigated the vasoconstrictive effects of both stroma-free and liposome-encapsulated cross-linked hemoglobin (Hb) on vascular plexus hemodynamics, using the choroid of the rabbit eye as a model system. Methods Sequential subtraction of high-speed ICG fluorescence angiogram images facilitated visualization of the time-varying patterns of blood flow distribution in the choriocapillaris during the cardiac cycle. Differences between baseline and post-hemoglobin injection blood flow distributions were analyzed. Likewise, differences in the time-varying patterns of flow distribution between the particulate and liquid phases of blood during a cardiac cycle were investigated, since this may bear on differences in vasoactivity induced by circulating stroma-free vs. encapsulated Hb. Results Cross-linked Hb induced a transient, but marked, localized reduction in choriocapillaris blood flow. This effect was significantly attenuated when liposome encapsulated cross-linked hemoglobin was administered. Plexus blood flow distribution was different for particulate and liquid ICG. Conclusions Differences in particulate and liquid ICG flow patterns suggest that one contribution to the different plexus blood flow patterns observed in the encapsulated and free Hb experiments may be due to differences in liquid and particle-bound Hb distribution within the plexus. The observed choriocapillaris blood flow reductions may be attributable to an aggregate endothelial cell contractility induced by presence of extra-cellular Hb in the choriocapillaris plexus.
Optical Coherence Tomography in Idiopathic Epiretinal Macular Membrane Surgery
Authors: Azzolini C. , Patelli F. , Codenotti M. , Pierro L. , Brancato R. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To evaluate the usefulness of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images for surgical indication, intraoperative management and postoperative outcome of patients with idiopathic epiretinal macular membrane (IEMM). Methods 28 selected eyes underwent surgery for removal of IEMM. The patients' mean age was 57.3 years. The macular region and the IEMMs were studied before and after surgery using OCT, slit-lamp biomicroscopy and fundus photography. The mean postoperative follow-up was 6.2 months (range 1.3–14). Results Preoperatively, in 12 of the 28 eyes (42.9%) only the OCT images revealed IEMM partially separated from the macula, with tractional focal point(s) of attachment to the macular region. In the other 16 eyes (57.1%) in which IEMMs were totally adherent to the macular region, the membranes were barely visible by OCT in 13 eyes and not visible in three. Intraoperatively, the surgeon was guided in the peeling procedures. A significant correlation (p < 0.001) was found between visual acuity and macular thickness before surgery and at the end of the postoperative follow-up. Conclusions OCT images provide very useful information for the surgical indication, intraoperative management and postoperative outcome of patients with IEMM.
Treatment of Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis with Topical Lomefloxacin 0.3% Compared to Topical Ofloxacin 0.3%
Authors: Tabbara K.F. , El-Sheikh H.F. , Monowarulislam S.M. , Hammouda E. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose The main purpose of this prospective study was to compare the efficacy, local tolerance, and safety of topical lomefloxacin 0.3% and topical ofloxacin 0.3% in the treatment of acute bacterial conjunctivitis. Patients and Methods Forty patients with acute bacterial conjunctivitis were included in a randomized, prospective, parallel-group study. Twenty patients were assigned to the lomefloxacin group (Okacin®, CIBA Vision Ophthalmics) and 20 patients to ofloxacin (Oflox®, Allergan). Lomefloxacin 0.3% was given 1 drop every 2 hours during waking hours on the first day then twice daily for one week. Ofloxacin 0.3% eyedrops were given four times daily. All patients underwent eye examination and clinical findings were graded and recorded according to severity of lid hyperemia, lid edema, lid crusting, conjunctival edema and discharge, bulbar conjunctival hyperemia, palpebral conjunctival hyperemia, corneal edema, and ocular discomfort. The score for each clinical sign was recorded before and after treatment. The mean cumulative sum score (CSS) was obtained by adding the scores for signs and symptoms. All conjunctival swabs were cultured and tested for sensitivity. Patients with confirmed bacterial conjunctivitis were included. Results There were 10 male and 10 female patients in each group. The age range was from 1 to 78 years, and the mean age was 35 years in the lomefloxacin group. In the ofloxacin group the age range was from 1 to 70 years, and the mean age was 26 years. There was no significant difference between the two groups in relation to age or sex. The causative organisms were Staphylococcus epidermidis in 16 cases (36%), α-hemolytic Streptococci in 9 (20%), Haemophilus spp. 6 (13%), Staphylococcus aureus 5 (11%), Streptococcus pneumoniae 4 (9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3 (7%), and other 2 (4%). The mean CSS for conjunctivitis was 12.1 before therapy in the lomefloxacin group and 12.7 in the ofloxacin group. On the 7th day of therapy, the mean CSS was 0.7 in the lomefloxacin group, and 1.6 for ofloxacin. All patients showed improvement, but a total of 18 out of 20 (88%) in the lomefloxacin group showed complete resolution compared to 15 (75%) in the ofloxacin group. The difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.08). Tolerance was excellent in both groups, and no side effects were reported. A burning sensation was noted by two patients, one in each group. Conclusions Lomefloxacin and ofloxacin were equally effective and safe in the treatment of acute bacterial conjunctivitis.
Nanophthalmic Uveal Effusion Syndrome after Prophylactic Laser Treatment
Authors: Lesnoni G. , Rossi T. , Nistri A. , Boccassini B. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose We report a case of nanophthalmic uveal effusion syndrome (NUES) with total exudative retinal detachment (RD) after prophylactic argon laser (AL) treatment. The RD subsided and eventually resolved with i.v. steroid therapy. Methods A 45-year-old woman was referred to us with NUES and total exudative RD after prophylactic AL treatment for retinoschisis performed elsewhere. The patient had been scheduled for surgical intervention and was given i.v. prednisolone. Results Two days after starting i.v. prednisolone, the subretinal fluid partially resolved. Intervention had therefore been postponed. After 15 days the RD almost disappeared and vision improved to 20/400. Ten days later the macula was flat and vision was 20/200. At the six-month follow-up visit vision was 20/40. Conclusions To our knowledge this is the first report of NUES and total exudative RD following AL treatment that resolved with i.v. steroid therapy alone. Since the AL treatment clearly seemed to play a role in the pathogenesis of the NUES and associated RD we strongly advise careful assessment of the risk/benefit ratio of prophylactic laser treatment in nanophthalmic patients. Although sclerectomy and vortex vein decompression are well-established techniques, we believe steroid therapy might be tried before proceeding to surgery.