bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of omega‐3‐rich Camelina sativa seed oil emulsions
Authors: Belayneh Henok D. , Wehling Randy L. , Zhang Yue , Ciftci Ozan N. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCamelina sativa seed is an underutilized oil source rich in omega‐3 fatty acids; however, camelina oil is not fully explored for food applications. Its high omega‐3 content makes it susceptible to oxidation, which may limit food applications. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to investigate the potential of camelina seed oil to form physically and oxidatively stable emulsions as a potential delivery system for omega‐3 fatty acids. Effects of homogenization conditions, namely, pressure (15 MPa‐30 MPa), number of passes (1,3,5, and 7), and type of homogenizers (high pressure and high shear) on the structural properties and stability of camelina seed oil emulsions stabilized with whey protein isolate were studied. High homogenization pressure (30 MPa) and number of passes (>3) reduced the particle size (278 nm) and formed more physically and oxidatively stable emulsions compared to high shear homogenization; high shear homogenization generated bigger oil particles (~2,517 nm). Apparent viscosity and consistency index (k) decreased with increasing pressure, number of passes, and shear rate. Emulsions prepared with high pressure homogenization at both 15 and 30 MPa with 3 and more passes did not exhibit any peroxide formation over 28 days. Results indicated that camelina seed oil is a promising alternative oil source to form stable omega‐3‐rich emulsions for food applications.
Psychiatrists' treatment preferences for generalized anxiety disorder
Authors: Latas Milan , Trajković Goran , Bonevski Dimitar , Naumovska Andromahi , Vučinić Latas Dušanka , Bukumirić Zoran , Starčević Vladan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study is to ascertain psychiatrists' treatment preferences for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and compare them to the same psychiatrists' treatment preferences in the hypothetical scenario that treatment is to be administered to themselves as patients.MethodsA questionnaire was completed by 221 psychiatrists from 3 Balkan countries. They were asked to indicate their treatment preferences for patients with GAD and for themselves as patients.ResultsA large majority of psychiatrists chose selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors/serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors as preferred treatment option for GAD patients. Fewer psychiatrists selected benzodiazepines and pregabalin and about one third chose psychotherapy. The majority of psychiatrists chose the same treatments for their patients and for themselves, with main differences being in terms of pharmacotherapy (especially benzodiazepines) being less frequently recommended and psychotherapy being more frequently recommended as preferred treatment option for psychiatrists as patients.ConclusionsTreatment preferences for GAD by psychiatrists in the 3 West Balkan countries were mostly in accordance with treatment guidelines and treatment preferences for patients and for psychiatrists as patients were mostly concordant. However, some psychiatrists were more likely to choose pharmacotherapy for patients and psychotherapy for themselves as patients. These findings have implications for education of psychiatrists and for efforts to improve treatment guidelines and mental health services.
3D printed hyperelastic “bone” scaffolds and regional gene therapy: A novel approach to bone healing
Authors: Alluri Ram , Jakus Adam , Bougioukli Sofia , Pannell William , Sugiyama Osamu , Tang Amy , Shah Ramille , Lieberman Jay R. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the viability of human adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) transduced with a lentiviral (LV) vector to overexpress bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) loaded onto a novel 3D printed scaffold. Human ADSCs were transduced with a LV vector carrying the cDNA for BMP‐2. The transduced cells were loaded onto a 3D printed Hyperelastic “Bone” (HB) scaffold.In vitroBMP‐2 production was assessed using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay analysis. The ability of ADSCs loaded on the HB scaffold to inducein vivobone formation in a hind limb muscle pouch model was assessed in the following groups: ADSCs transduced with LV‐BMP‐2, LV‐green fluorescent protein, ADSCs alone, and empty HB scaffolds. Bone formation was assessed using radiographs, histology and histomorphometry. Transduced ADSCs BMP‐2 production on the HB scaffold at 24 hours was similar on 3D printed HB scaffolds versus control wells with transduced cells alone, and continued to increase after 1 and 2 weeks of culture. Bone formation was noted in LV‐BMP‐2 animals on plain radiographs at 2 and 4 weeks after implantation; no bone formation was noted in the other groups. Histology demonstrated that the LV‐BMP‐2 group was the only group that formed woven bone and the mean bone area/tissue area was significantly greater when compared with the other groups. 3D printed HB scaffolds are effective carriers for transduced ADSCs to promote bone repair. The combination of gene therapy and tissue engineered scaffolds is a promising multidisciplinary approach to bone repair with significant clinical potential. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1104–1110, 2018.
Injectable hydroxyphenyl derivative of hyaluronic acid hydrogel modified with RGD as scaffold for spinal cord injury repair
Authors: Zaviskova Kristyna , Tukmachev Dmitry , Dubisova Jana , Vackova Irena , Hejcl Ales , Bystronova Julie , Pravda Martin , Scigalkova Ivana , Sulakova Romana , Velebny Vladimir , Wolfova Lucie , Kubinova Sarka 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHydrogel scaffolds which bridge the lesion, together with stem cell therapy represent a promising approach for spinal cord injury (SCI) repair. In this study, a hydroxyphenyl derivative of hyaluronic acid (HA‐PH) was modified with the integrin‐binding peptide arginine‐glycine‐aspartic acid (RGD), and enzymatically crosslinked to obtain a soft injectable hydrogel. Moreover, addition of fibrinogen was used to enhance proliferation of human Wharton's jelly‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hWJ‐MSCs) on HA‐PH‐RGD hydrogel. The neuroregenerative potential of HA‐PH‐RGD hydrogel was evaluatedin vivoin acute and subacute models of SCI. Both HA‐PH‐RGD hydrogel injection and implantation into the acute spinal cord hemisection cavity resulted in the same axonal and blood vessel density in the lesion area after 2 and 8 weeks. HA‐PH‐RGD hydrogel alone or combined with fibrinogen (HA‐PH‐RGD/F) and seeded with hWJ‐MSCs was then injected into subacute SCI and evaluated after 8 weeks using behavioural, histological and gene expression analysis. A subacute injection of both HA‐PH‐RGD and HA‐PH‐RGD/F hydrogels similarly promoted axonal ingrowth into the lesion and this effect was further enhanced when the HA‐PH‐RGD/F was combined with hWJ‐MSCs. On the other hand, no effect was found on locomotor recovery or the blood vessel ingrowth and density of glial scar around the lesion. In conclusion, we have developed and characterized injectable HA‐PH‐RGD based hydrogel, which represents a suitable material for further combinatorial therapies in neural tissue engineering. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1129–1140, 2018.
Simulation of color breakup based on measured display temporal responses
Authors: Wang Jian , Zhang Yuning , Weng Yishi , Li Xiaohua 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBased on the measured temporal luminance behavior of each field, the perceived color breakup (CBU) artifact for moving block on a field sequential color display is simulated and predicted. The prediction accuracy is evaluated by a perceptual experiment on a 240 Hz liquid crystal display. The results show a perfect matching between the simulation and the subjects' actual visual experience. The simulation also works well when motion compensation is applied. It is validated by another perceptual experiment that a perfect or a near‐perfect compensation degree can suppress CBU significantly in field sequential color system. CBU of nature image was also simulated and reproduced for both stable and pulse backlight by using this model, which could be rather valuable for the further development of CBU metrics.
Biological Degradation and Biostability of Nanocomposites Based on Polysulfone with Different Concentrations of Reduced Graphene Oxide
Authors: Peña‐Bahamonde J. , San‐Miguel V. , Cabanelas J. C. , Rodrigues D. F. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIncreasing incorporation of rGO in the polysulfone polymer generates materials with improved chemical and mechanical stability and less prone to biodegradation at the end of the nanocomposite life cycle. The results of attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR‐IR) and mechanical strength, after exposure to wastewater influent, show that the increasing concentrations of rGO into the polymer matrix reduce changes in the nanocomposite properties. The increasing incorporation of rGO also increases growth inhibition of the wastewater microbial population on the surface of nanocomposites. Highest biofilm inhibition and material stability are observed with nanocomposites containing 3 wt% rGO. These results suggest that reduction in the material biodegradation is linked to the inhibition of biofilm growth on the nanocomposite surface due to the antimicrobial properties of rGO. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that the amount of rGO incorporated in the nanocomposite impact the biodegradability and end of life of polysulfone nanocomposites.
Short report: Follow‐up of Bahamian women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation
Authors: Narod Steven A. , Butler Raleigh , Bobrowski David , Akbari Mohammad R. , Curling DuVaughan , Lunn John , Ho Catherine , Panahi Sara , Llacuachaqui Marcia , Donenberg Talia , Hurley Judith 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPurposeWe sought to determine to what extent the knowledge of carrying a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation influences the uptake of preventive surgeries in Bahamian women, including bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy and bilateral mastectomy.Patients and methodsThe study population consisted of 78 female residents of the Bahamas for whom a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation had been detected between 2004 and 2014. The mean age of the 78 participants at the time of genetic testing was 46 years (age range 22–73 years). The mean time of follow‐up was 4.4 years.ResultsOf the 78 study participants, 19 women had a bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy (24%). Seven out of 37 patients who had unilateral breast cancer chose to remove the unaffected contralateral breast (19%). Three of 13 patients with no history of breast cancer chose to have a prophylactic bilateral mastectomy (23%).ConclusionPreventive surgery is an acceptable option for a significant proportion of Bahamian women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. It will be important to identify and reduce barriers to preventive surgery in the Bahamas in order that the benefit of getting testing can be fully realized.
Negative perceptions of illness and health are associated with frequent use of physiotherapy in primary healthcare
Authors: Opseth Gro , Wahl Astrid Klopstad , Bjørke Gustav , Mengshoel Anne Marit 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundThere is growing concern that an ageing population and increasing number of patients with chronic illnesses in the future will foster a need for health services beyond the resources available in society. Patients with chronic illnesses are reported to be frequent users of physicians' services in the primary health sector. Therapies for patients with chronic musculoskeletal illnesses are delivered by physiotherapists in this sector. However, we know little about the use of physiotherapy services and the factors that may explain their use.PurposeThe aim of the present study was to examine the association between the regular/non‐regular use of physiotherapy services, impacts of illness, and perceptions of illness and health.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey included patients between 18 and 70 years of age who visited a physiotherapy outpatient clinic in Oslo during one randomly chosen week. Patient characteristics and use of physiotherapy were mapped. The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), a single item of the Short Form Health Survey (SF‐12) and the Ørebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire (ØMPQ) were used to assess perceptions of illness and health, and impacts of illness. Data were analysed using independent sample t‐tests and logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 507 patients with a mean age of 46 (standard deviation 12) years participated, of whom 54% were regular users of physiotherapy. BIPQ (p = 0.02; β = 0.03) and the single‐item on general health perception (p = 0.001; β = 0.44,) were the only significant variables in the final equation associated with regular use of physiotherapy.ConclusionAbout half of the participants were regular, high consumers of physiotherapy, and negative perceptions of illness and health were associated with this regular use.
Multivoxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
Authors: Leung Doris G. , Wang Xin , Barker Peter B. , Carrino John A. , Wagner Kathryn R. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is a hereditary disorder that causes progressive muscle wasting. This study evaluates the use of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) as a biomarker of muscle strength and function in FSHD. Methods: Thirty‐six individuals with FSHD and 15 healthy controls underwent multivoxel 1H MRS of a cross‐section of the mid‐thigh. Concentrations of creatine, intramyocellular and extramyocellular lipids, and trimethylamine (TMA)‐containing compounds in skeletal muscle were calculated. Metabolite concentrations for individuals with FSHD were compared with those of controls. The relationship between metabolite concentrations and muscle strength was also examined. Results: The TMA/creatine (Cr) ratio in individuals with FSHD was reduced compared with controls. The TMA/Cr ratio in the hamstrings also showed a moderate linear correlation with muscle strength. Discussion: 1H MRS offers a potential method of detecting early muscle pathology in FSHD prior to the development of fat infiltration. Muscle Nerve 57: 958–963, 2018
Does nebulized hypertonic saline shorten hospitalization in young children with acute viral wheezing?
Authors: Kanjanapradap Thanakorn , Deerojanawong Jitladda , Sritippayawan Suchada , Prapphal Nuanchan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundAlthough previous studies have shown benefits of nebulized hypertonic saline (HS) for improving airway clearance and shortening hospitalization in infants with bronchiolitis, prospective blinded studies in preschool children with acute viral wheezing are limited.ObjectivesTo determine nebulized 3% HS efficacy in young children admitted with acute viral wheezing.MethodsThis double‐blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted in children aged 6 months to 5 years admitted with acute viral wheezing from July 1st to December 31st 2016. Patients were randomized to receive inhalation of 2.5 mg salbutamol dissolved in either 3% HS or normal saline (NS). Clinical data, asthma clinical severity score, and length of hospital stay (LOS) were recorded.ResultsA total of 47 patients were enrolled (22 in HS and 25 in NS) without significant differences in demographic data and baseline clinical scores. Median LOS and median time of oxygen therapy were significantly shorter in HS than NS group: 48 versus 72 h, P = 0.021 and 36 versus 72 h, P = 0.025, respectively. HS patients had significantly improved asthma clinical severity scores, respiratory rates and oxygen saturation at 12 h compared to NS group (P‐value 0.042, 0.032, and 0.043). There were no adverse events.ConclusionIn children under 5 years admitted with acute viral wheezing, nebulized hypertonic saline/salbutamol significantly shortened hospital stay length, time of oxygen therapy, and improved asthma clinical severity score faster than normal saline/salbutamol.
Fracture toughness and brittle failure: A pressure vessel case study
Authors: Puryear John , Ramirez Guillermo , Botard Clint , Kenady Kollin 
Published: December 2017

That the manufacturing and fabrication process can introduce low fracture toughness and cause brittle failure in steel has been documented in well‐known studies. These include failure of Liberty ships during World War II and, more recently, weld failures in steel moment frames during the 1994 Northridge earthquake. In both of these cases, the manufacturing and fabrication process introduced stress states that reduced fracture toughness and caused brittle failures.Control of the manufacturing and fabrication process to maintain sufficient fracture toughness remains a challenge for the Oil and Gas Industry. In this article, we will review an incident of a brittle failure of a pressure vessel. The head of the pressure vessel, which was operating as a low‐pressure separator, detached about its circumference at a pressure much less than the vessel's maximum operating pressure. A root cause analysis of the incident identified the performance gaps and root causes from the vessel's service conditions, manufacture, and fabrication that combined to cause the brittle failure.This article examines the performance gaps that lead to the failure and their root causes. The effect of the root causes on the vessel's mechanical properties is discussed. Further, the performance gaps are related to material and fabrication guidelines in the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code. Finally, recommendations for correcting the performance gaps are offered. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 37: 305–310, 2018
Population projection accuracy: The impacts of sociodemographics, accessibility, land use, and neighbour characteristics
Authors: Chi Guangqing , Wang Donghui 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPopulation projection is essential to governments, businesses, and research communities for many purposes. Although projection performance is often evaluated, we know very little about what factors affect projection accuracy. It is important to understand these factors in order to utilise the projections knowledgeably. This study fills this gap in the literature by comprehensively investigating the possible factors associated with population projection accuracy in 2010 for the continental U.S. counties. The results indicate that the counties whose populations are more predictable tend to be desirable places—places with abundant employment opportunities, reliable public transportation infrastructure, easy access to work, and/or high land development potential; their neighbouring counties tend to have a well‐educated population and a higher income level. Also, projection accuracy is highly spatially associated. The findings provide important insights for population projection users to understand the characteristics of counties and their neighbouring counties associated with their projection accuracy.
Understanding the social geographies of urban regions through the socio‐economic and cultural dimension of class
Authors: Boterman Willem R. , Manting Dorien , Musterd Sako 
Published: December 2017

AbstractEconomic restructuring and changing demographic and migration patterns have significantly altered the population compositions of urban regions. Whereas there is evidence that employees in various sectors of the economy have different residential preferences, there exists much less insight into the social geography of various class fractions at the level of urban regions. The aims of this paper are (1) to describe the spatial orientations of various employment groups in the largest urban regions in the Netherlands and (2) to understand the extent to which spatial orientations towards various residential urban and suburban milieus can be explained by belonging to a specific class fraction. We draw on individual‐level register data for the whole population of urban regions, applying a multidimensional and detailed perspective on social class that takes into account both economic and cultural capital. We demonstrate a strong urban orientation among the cultural classes, who are often working in the new economies—irrespective of their income status—and an over‐representation in suburban areas of more economically orientated class fractions. Despite the differences in terms of economic structure of the researched urban regions, these variegated residential orientations are remarkably consistent.
Migration aspirations and migration cultures: A case study of Ukrainian migration towards the European Union
Authors: Van Mol Christof , Snel Erik , Hemmerechts Kenneth , Timmerman Christiane 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAn abundant body of research focused on macrolevel, mesolevel, and microlevel factors explaining why individuals move across international borders. In this paper, we aim to complement the existing literature by exploring how, within a single country, mesolevel factors differently impact migration aspirations, focusing on a case study of Ukraine. We particularly focus on how migration aspirations of individuals in two different regions can be explained by their international social networks with family members, on the one hand, and with friends, on the other. Furthermore, we explore whether regional migration characteristics play a role, as well as the interaction of such characteristics with individuals' frequency of contact with transnational networks. Our analyses are based on the EUMAGINE project and suggest that the interplay between regional migration characteristics and transnational social contact are key for explaining the decline of migration systems over time.
S/elective belonging: how rural newcomer families with children become stayers
Authors: Haartsen Tialda , Stockdale Aileen 
Published: December 2017

AbstractRural stayers are often defined as people who have never left their rural home region or village. However, rural regions and villages also receive new inhabitants. This paper explores if and how newcomers become inhabitants who stay put. We do so by interviewing couples of newcomers who moved to a rural area of the Netherlands at the family formation life stage. All had moved between 5 and 10 years prior to this study. We view the process of becoming a stayer through the lens of getting attached to and identifying with the new home region. We adopt the concepts of 'elective belonging' and 'selective belonging' to explore the newcomers' actual experiences of rural place and, in turn, the ways rural newcomer families become stayers. We identify two types of stayers: children‐led and convinced stayers. Both envisage a re‐negotiation of staying or leaving at a later life stage (either the empty nest or old age stage). They all elected to belong to residential places in enchanted rural landscapes. But they also are selective in developing belonging to the rural. First, especially convinced stayers consciously adapt their behaviour in order to fit in the local community. Second, children‐led stayers seek only to become involved in child‐related activities. Third, both types of stayers ‘identify against’ certain elements of local culture and of real rural stayers. S/elective strategies of belonging are found to go hand‐in‐hand with processes of becoming a stayer. Moreover, s/elective belonging to the place leaves the option to 'leave in future'.