bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploration of the relationship between word-association and learners’ lexical development with a focus on American L1 and Croatian L2 speakers
Authors: Séguin Maja 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Vocabulary acquisition is a dynamic process and there is a constant change in the way words are stored in the mental lexicon. Word association tests are used in linguistic research to observe to which extent mental mapping can be understood. This paper presents the results of a word association game consisting of seven words administered to second language speakers, and native speakers for comparative purposes. The results indicate the possibility of a link between experiences and associations, which leads to the recommendation for teachers to create activities and new experiences that demand the learner’s personal involvement in expanding their vocabulary.
Disclosures on Control over Financial Reporting: The Reporting Practice of Banks Listed on The Warsaw Stock Exchange
Authors: Gad Jacek 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to identify the effects of the implementation of selected regulations on corporate governance in the reporting practice of banks listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The survey examined the disclosures concerning the main features of the internal control and risk management systems in relation to financial reporting in banks. Research studies on disclosures related to control over financial reporting have not yet been conducted. The paper uses a research method involving the analysis of annual reports disclosed by banks. The method of induction was used in the process of inference. The results of the study indicate that in the practice of reporting of banks listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in 2011, there was no uniform reporting form in terms of the presentation of information on internal control or risk management systems in relation to financial reporting. The disclosures were different both in terms of level of detail and content. In some banks disclosures were drawn at a high level of generality.
The Profitability of Following Analyst Recommendations on The Polish Stock Market
Authors: Zaremba Adam , Konieczka Przemysław 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The profitability of analysts’ recommendations is documented in numerous studies from all over the world. However, the evidence from the Polish market is relatively modest. The primary aim of this study is to fill this gap. The paper contributes to the economic literature in four ways. First, it provides fresh out-of-sample evidence on return patterns following analysts’ recommendations from Poland. Second, it examines the relations between these patterns and the size of the rated companies. Finally, it investigates whether it is possible to design profitable strategies based on the discovered patterns. We use monthly stock level data from Poland and the sample period is 2004-2013. In order to examine the profitability of analysts’ reports, we build market-neutral portfolios and test their performance against CAPM, Fama-French three-factor and Carhart four-factor models. The principal findings can be summarized as follows. First, we document that the top rated companies deliver better returns than the bottom rated companies. Second, we find that the profitability is particularly impressive among the small companies. Third, the abnormal returns are partially explained by momentum and value based factors. Finally, we provide evidence that strategies based on information in recommendations deliver statistically significant positive abnormal rates of return.
Selected Techniques of Detecting Structural Breaks in Financial Volatility
Authors: Stawiarski Bartosz 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We investigate several promising algorithms, proposed in literature, devised to detect sudden changes (structural breaks) in the volatility of financial time series. Comparative study of three techniques: ICSS, NPCPM and Cheng’s algorithm is carried out via numerical simulation in the case of simulated T-GARCH models and two real series, namely German and US stock indices. Simulations show that the NPCPM algorithm is superior to ICSS because is not over-sensitive either to heavy tails of market returns or to their serial dependence. Some signals generated by ICSS are falsely classified as structural breaks in volatility, while Cheng’s technique works well only when a single break occurs.
The Momentum Effect Exemplifies The Influence of Investors’ Irrational Behaviour on Changing Prices of Shares and Stocks: An Analysis of The Momentum Effect on The Warsaw Stock Exchange
Authors: Merło Paweł , Konarzewski Patryk 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
An efficient market should not show any anomalies. When new information reaches a market which is efficient, it should automatically translate into prices of assets, which ought to eliminate the possibility of gaining an advantage over other investors, thus preventing excess profits. However, studies on capital markets indicate that in reality it is possible to earn unusually high profits by taking advantage of certain anomalies which occur on a given market. Among such anomalies there is the momentum effect. This study performed on the Stock Exchange in Warsaw has shown that the momentum effect occurred throughout the entire analyzed time period. Positive returns demonstrated for investment strategies based on the momentum effect were unexplainable by the classical theory of finances. A correlation was found between the economic situation on the stock exchange and portfolio return rates, but it was too weak to attribute the effect to a single decisive factor. In addition, the returns from investments based on the momentum effect were statistically higher in January than in the other months, which was caused by the January effect, stimulating the occurrence of statistically higher returns at the beginning of a year rather than later on during the analyzed period of time. Research in this field carried out in other countries justifies the claim that there are many irrational factors which together create the momentum effect on the stock exchange. Thus, it is possible to conclude that irrational decisions may have strong impact on the pricing of stocks on the capital market. The momentum effect persisted throughout the entire analyzed period, although its power changed cyclically, which coincides with results of research carried out in other countries. The fact that the momentum effect did not disappear may suggest that the factors involved in its creation are an indispensable part of the market, and this seems to undermine the commonly accepted hypothesis about the efficiency of capital markets.
Measurement and Analysis of the Efficiency of Human Capital in a Small Enterprise in Poland
Authors: Bagieńska Anna 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Human capital plays an important role in the development of every company. Big enterprises have a Human Resources Department which conducts analyses and measurements of human capital. In Poland over 90% of the total number of companies is made up of small and middle-size enterprises. The aim of the research is to determine reasons why small Polish companies take an interest in the measurement and analysis of human capital as well as to discover the causes of their limited use of human capital measurement. The results confirmed that limited measurement and analysis of human capital efficiency in small companies results from the lack of additional information; apart from this it results from the binding legal regulations as well as the lack of employees who possess the knowledge necessary for conducting such analyses. Despite barriers and difficulties in human capital measurement, small companies appreciate employees and their qualification, not treating them only as a necessary cost of their doing business.
Is Poland Still Attractive for Foreign Investments?
Authors: Jasiniak Magdalena 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Since the economic transition Poland has faced many changes. Accession to the European Union improved the Polish economy and made it more attractive for foreign investments. Since 2004 Poland has been one of the major destinations of FDI in East and Central Europe Countries. Also during the global economic crisis Poland was a good location for foreign capital. The main aim of this article is an attempt to assess whether Poland is still attractive for the location of foreign direct investment. This article is a preliminary study. It is based on statistical analysis describing changes in foreign capital flows in Poland and its position in relation to other European Union countries. Results show that the position of Poland on the map of foreign investment has dramatically changed.
Data Mining Approach in Determining the Relationships Between the Economy and the General Government Sector Size
Authors: Skica Tomasz , Rodzinka Jacek , Mroczek Teresa 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This article is dedicated to a study of the relations between the economy and the size of the general government sector. The main aim of the article is an identification of the most important variables that are used to determine relations between the economy and size of the sector, as well as to identify frequency of their occurrences in relations to pairs of variables which describe an economy and the size of the sector. In order to explore these relations, the authors used Bayes networks. The economies of EU member states and their public finance systems were the object of analyses in this article. The period that was selected for the research covered the years 2000-2013 (inclusive). In order to describe economies, the authors selected 18 variables, whereas to describe the general government sector - 15 variables. These variables were sourced from databases of Eurostat, OECD and the World Bank. Among an economy’s measures and general government sector measures, there were also some benchmarks found (standard and classic) as well as measures proposed by the authors, which had not been used in the scientific descriptions that were dedicated to research on size of the general government sector. Ipso facto, this article fits in the discussion on not only the size of the general government sector, but also attempts to answer the question of whether the economy determines the size of the sector. To date, the research questions on the impact of the size of the general government sector on the economy of a particular country have been common. This article inverts the investigated dependence and its content concentrates on the attempt to determine if the size of the sector in a particular country is a function of its economy expressed by ratios adopted in conducted the research.
Gant Development SA – The Effectiveness of Bankruptcy Prediction Models in Case of Sudden Bankruptcy. Case Study
Authors: Dzyuma-Zaremba Ulyana 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCompany bankruptcies are an inseparable element of market economy. We may observe the tendency to view bankruptcy as a problem of weak and usually small entities facing problems when trying to meet the challenge posed by strong competition. Big companies, however, also fall, and their bankruptcy cannot be predicted by even the most experienced analysts. The aim of the article is to examine the effectiveness of the bankruptcy prediction models in case of sudden bankruptcies, on the example of Gant Development S.A. The author attempts to classify the real estate developer’s bankruptcy as “staged” bankruptcy by performing an analysis of company activities in the period of 2010-2013. The study was conducted using Polish models of linear discriminant analysis, widely popular in the Polish literature as well as the models which reflect the branch specificity of the examined entity.
Day-of-the-Week Effect among the Smallest Enterprises Listed on WSE
Authors: Keller Jakub 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The text touches on the subject of the financial markets in the context of behavioral theories. The author attempts to verify the occurrence of one of the popular calendar effects, the day-of-the- -week effect, on the Polish stock market. Another limitation of the study area of the research is to include in the analysis only small companies. Many voices from the mainstream of behavioral finance say that the presence of anomalies listed is more evident in the case of small companies, which are not the focus of the majority of investors. In the proposed study, the data used contained companies in the Stock Exchange in Warsaw, with a maximum capitalization of 10 million PLN. Research sample includes quotations of these companies during the period January 2010-April 2014. In order to verify the hypothesis of the occurrence of the day-of-the-week effect among these companies the author used ARCH modeling. In the course of the analysis the author verified negatively the occurrence of the effect of weekdays in the proposed research sample.
Projectivity, affine, similarity and euclidean coordinates transformation parameters from ITRF to EUREF in Turkey
Authors: Ansari Kutubuddin , Corumluoglu Ozsen , Yetkin Mevlut 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Today, in geodesy most practical applications is to use a datum to get three dimensional position of a particular point. The geodetic techniques generally provide time dependent coordinates in global datum. The difference between the global datum like international terrestrial reference frame (ITRF) to local datum like Europe fixed reference frame (EUREF) can be up to several centimeters due to different velocity rate of tectonic plates. To get high-precision measurements, there is an increasing need of time dependent transformations from the global level to local level. The present paper treats, this theoretical problem of geodesy by using mathematical dependency between two spatial coordinate systems whose common points are given in both systems. The paper describes four different (projective, affine, similarity and euclidean) modified methodologies for the transformation between global (ITRF) to local (EUREF) by using the Turkish permanent GPS network (TPGN) as an example. The time series from TPGN stations are used to review these transformations from ITRF 2008 to EUREF 2008. The transformation parameters in all cases shows that mostly transform coordinates depends on its counterparts (X to x and Y to y) and others coordinates have very less effect. Finally to show the validity of our model a comparative analysis with standard Bursa-Wolf and Molodensky-Badekas models has been presented. The test shows that our model error is equivalent to standard models, in this view the presented models are acceptable and can improve our understanding in coordinate transformation.
Selective Fenton-like catalytic oxidation of acid orange II on inorganic heterogeneous molecular imprinted catalysts
Authors: Song Yanqun , Shang Jiaobo , Rong Chuan , Wang Yinghui , Zhang Yuanyuan , Yu Kefu , Chen Liyuan 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn order to realize the selective oxidation of Fenton-like reaction, an inorganic molecularly imprinted Fe/Al/SiO
The Financial-Economic Aspect of the Media and the Public Service in the Globalization Era (Budget and Ownership Framework)
Authors: Rutovic Zeljko 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This study deals with influence of globalization on the economic aspect of the media. Financing the media and the issue of ownership over them represents the fundamental framework on which basis the media work and direct their editorial policy. Principle position implies that owners of the media use power of media to promote their economic, political, cultural and other stances. A particular issue, especially in European countries in transition, represents the financing of public service, as a socially beneficial good. Many commercial media, on the basis of their financial and political power, are trying to diminish or discredit the power and role of the public service. Former socialist countries, now countries in transition, seek from their national budgets to maintain this kind of informing, that is, the public interest, education and promoting cultural values. The era of globalization brought, as one of its negative traits, the domination of profit over culture, education, and even over the right to have quality informing. So the mass media have become a sort of hostage of confrontation of different political and economic interests, which reflects on the quality of media content that strive towards sensationalism, advertocracy, tabloidization. Based on the case study of Montenegro, as a country in transition, the development of mass media is shown, including their financing, ownership structure, and profit.
Structural, optical and dielectric studies of lithium sulphate monohydrate single crystals
Authors: Najar F.A. , Vakil G.B. , Want B. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractOptical, dielectric, and thermal properties of lithium sulphate monohydrate crystals grown by slow evaporation method have been studied. The crystal structure was resolved by direct methods using single crystal X-ray diffraction data collected at room temperature and refined by full-matrix least-squares procedures to a final R-value of 0.0174. Plasma energy, Penn gap, Fermi energy and electronic polarizability of the grown crystal were calculated from single crystal XRD data. The electronic polarizability of lithium sulfate monohydrate was also calculated and compared with the theoretical data using Clausius-Mossotti equation. Optical band gap calculated from optical data for the grown crystal is 4.49 eV. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy study confirmed the presence of water in the crystal structure. The AC conductivity, dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the grown crystal were systemically investigated, showing a peak at about 130 °C which could be attributed to the water molecules in the crystal structure. The anomalous dielectric properties shown by the crystal have been correlated with its thermal behavior. The title crystal obeys Jonscher’s power law relation; σ(ω) = σo+ Aωs, with temperature dependent exponent s < 1. The activation energy calculated for the material is 0.24 eV and suggests protonic conduction by hopping mechanism in addition to cationic conduction by lithium ions. The micro-indentation study was also carried out which revealed that the crystal belongs to a category of soft materials.
Weblogs and Journalism
Authors: Domingo David , Heinonen Ari 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
From the perspective of journalism, weblogs can be seen as a new category of news and current affairs communication. Although most weblogs do not even pretend to be journalistic or related to current events in the sense shared by institutional media, when bloggers approach the arena of journalism, some of their working principles can challenge traditional professional standards: Conversation with the audience, transparency in the reporting process or even participatory news production are common in blogging. By challenging the conventional understanding of what journalism is, weblogs have revitalized the voices that expect a paradigm shift in journalism in the Internet era. In order to contribute to the debate on the influences of weblogs on journalism and make it more systematic, we propose a typology of journalistic weblogs, along a continuum ranging from the least to the most institutionalized in terms of their relationship to the established media: At one end, we find weblogs produced by the public outside media companies, and at the other end, we find those that are part of media content and produced by professional staff journalists. We argue that weblogs are a symbol of the ongoing change in the relationship between citizens, media and journalists - a change that questions the basic assumptions of the traditional roles of institutional journalism.
Issues of Gender Equality and Diversity in Broadcast News Policy
Authors: Widestedt Kristina 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe objective of this article is to investigate the relationship between concerns for diversity and concerns for gender equality in broadcasting companies from Sweden, the UK and the US. This is carried out through analyses of policy documents accessible on the companies’ websites. The contents of the policies and their definitions of diversity are discussed in a context of gender equality and multiculturalism. The concluding results of the study indicate national differences in definitions and applications of diversity, but also, and more importantly, a similar tendency in all three countries to subordinate concerns for gender equality to concerns for diversity.
Regaining Impact
Authors: Erstad Ola , Gilje Øystein 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMedia education is regaining its impact in Norwegian education, both due to the development of a new subject at the upper secondary level and due to a renewed interest in media literacy across the curriculum. From being defined as a marginal issue in educational curricula and development during the 1980s and 1990s, media literacy has now become a key concern linked to technological developments in the Nordic societies over the past ten years. With the Norwegian context as a point of departure, the present article looks especially at media literacy as an expression of certain practices, and at how media education represents a distinctive prerequisite for understanding what young people do with media outside and inside the schools. The article presents results from the first national survey on media education in Norwegian upper secondary schools. A special focus is directed towards the diverse production practices among what are called “school producers” (SP) and “crossover producers” (CP).
Watching Politics
Authors: Engelstad Audun 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
What can fictional television drama tell us about politics? Are political events foremost related to the personal crises and victories of the on-screen characters, or can the events reveal some insights about the decision-making process itself? Much of the writing on popular culture sees the representation of politics in film and television as predominately concerned with how political aspects are played out on an individual level. Yet the critical interest in the successful television series The West Wing praises how the series gives insights into a wide range of political issues, and its depiction of the daily work of the presidential staff. The present article discusses ways of representing (fictional) political events and political issues in serialized television drama, as found in The West Wing, At the King’s Table and The Crown Princess.
End-game Strategies in the Swedish National Tabloid Industry
Authors: Gustafsson Karl Erik 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBased on decades of comparative research on the national tabloid industry in the Nordic countries, a forecast is made, based on the product life cycle (PLC) theory, that the Swedish national tabloid industry will decline. As PLC theory is a blunt forecasting instrument, every precaution is taken; still a forecast is made that the No.2 tabloid will lose the present endgame to the market leader and disappear in 5-10 years time. End-game strategies as well as exit barriers are discussed in detail. The conclusions are valid for the national tabloid industries in the other Nordic countries following the same pattern of development. In passing, the question is raised of whether Internet publishing will change the rules of the game.