PENGARUH IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA (60Co) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI JAHE PUTIH KECIL (Zingiber officinale var.a ma rum)
Authors: BERMAWIE NURLIANI , MEILAWATI NUR LAELA W. , PURWIYANTI S. , MELATI MELATI 
Published: October 2016

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Keragaman genetik plasma nutfah jahe rendah sehingga perlu <br /> dilakukan peningkatan keragaman, antara lain dengan iradiasi sinar <br /> gamma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis iradiasi <br /> terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi jahe putih kecil. Penelitian dilakukan <br /> di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat serta Kebun <br /> Percobaan Cicurug, Sukabumi pada bulan Juni 2010 sampai dengan Mei <br /> 2011. Iradiasi dilakukan di P3TIR, BATAN, Jakarta. Percobaan disusun <br /> menggunakan rancangan split plot dengan petak utama dua aksesi jahe <br /> putih kecil ZIOF 0048 dan HALINA 1 dan anak petak adalah 11 dosis <br /> iradiasi (0-50 Gy) dengan interval 5 Gy. Perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga <br /> kali. Pengamatan karakter morfologi dilakukan secara kuantitatif dan <br /> kualitatif pada umur 2, 3, dan 4 BST. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aksesi <br /> berpengaruh terhadap radiosensitivitas. Aksesi HALINA 1 lebih sensitif <br /> dibandingkan dengan ZIOF 0048 ditunjukkan dengan nilai LD50 <br /> HALINA 1 (11,07 Gy) lebih rendah dari LD50 ZIOF 0048 (13,43 Gy). <br /> Interaksi aksesi pada dosis 5 dan 10 Gy memiliki nilai terbaik pada tinggi <br /> tanaman, ukuran daun serta jumlah anakan. Dosis mempengaruhi tinggi <br /> tanaman, ukuran daun, diameter dan panjang batang, serta jumlah daun. <br /> Pertumbuhan tanaman semakin meningkat dengan bertambahnya umur <br /> tanaman. Namun, semakin tinggi dosis iradiasi, pertumbuhan tanaman <br /> semakin melambat. Pertumbuhan tanaman terbaik diperoleh pada dosis 5 <br /> Gy, dan tidak berbeda dengan kontrol. Bobot dan ukuran rimpang terbaik <br /> (964 g/rumpun) diperoleh dari HALINA 1 pada dosis 10 Gy, dan berbeda <br /> dengan kontrol (454 g/rumpun), serta perlakuan lainnya.</p><p>Kata kunci: Zingiber officinale var. amarum, iradiasi sinar gamma (<sup>60</sup>Co), keragaman genetik, mutasi, karakter morfologi.</p><p> </p><p>The Effect of Gamma Irradiation (<sup>60</sup>Co) on the Growth and Production of Small White Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. amarum)</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Genetic variability of ginger germplasm was low, therefore it was <br /> necessary to broaden genetic variability using gamma irradiation. This <br /> research aimed to see the effect of irradiation on the growth of small white <br /> ginger. This study was conducted in the Plant Breeding Laboratory, <br /> Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute and the Cicurug <br /> Experimental Garden Sukabumi from June 2010 to May 2011. Irradiation <br /> was undertaken in P3TIR, BATAN, Jakarta. The experiment was arranged <br /> in a split plot design with the main plot was two accessions HALINA 1 <br /> and ZIOF 00 48, and the sub plots was 11 irradiation doses (0-50 Gy) with 5 Gy interval. The experiment was replicated three times. Parameters <br /> observed were quantitative and qualitative characters at 2,3 and 4 months <br /> after planting (MAPs). Results showed that accession influenced <br /> radiosensitivity. Accession HALINA 1 was more radiosensitive than ZIOF <br /> 0048, indicated by LD50 of HALINA 1 was 11.0693 Gy, lower than ZIOF <br /> 0048 13.4254 Gy. Interaction between accessions at 5 and 10 Gy showed <br />the highest plant height, leaf size, and number of shoots. Irradiation dose affected plant height, leaf size, stem diameter and length, and number of leaf. The plant growth increased in conjunction with plant age, but the <br /> higher irradiation dose, the growth of plants slowed down. The best plant <br /> growth was obtained from 5 Gy, not different from control. The highest <br /> rhizome weight (964 g/plant) was obtained from HALINA 1 treated with 10 Gy, differ from control (545 g/plant) and the other treatments.</p><p>Keywords: Zingiber officinale var. amarum, gamma irradiation (<sup>60</sup>Co), genetic variability, mutation, morphological characters.</p>