bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PROFIL GURU SMK TEKNIK PEMESINAN DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN KURIKULUM PRODI PENDIDIKAN TEKNIK MESIN FT UNY
Authors: Surono Surono , Wagiran Wagiran 
Published: September 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan: (1) profil ideal guru SMK Kompetensi Keahlian Teknik Pemesinan (KKTP), (2) relevansi profil ideal guru SMK-KKTP dengan kurikulum Prodi PTM FT UNY, (3) proses pembelajaran di Prodi PTM FT UNY, dan (4) profil calon guru SMK-KKTP. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survei, yang dilakukan di Prodi PTM FT UNY dan sebelas SMK di provinsi DIY. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi dan angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut. (1) Profil ideal guru SMK-KKTP terdiri dari lima aspek yaitu kompetensi pedagogik, kompetensi bidang studi keahlian, kompetensi manajerial, kompetensi kepribadian, dan kompetensi sosial. Profil ideal guru SMK-KKTP termasuk dalam kategori sangat penting (88,27%). (2) Relevansi profil ideal guru SMK-KKTP dengan kurikulum Prodi PTM FT UNY mencapai 100%. Terdapat 59 kompetensi tambahan dalam kurikulum Prodi PTM FT UNY untuk menyiapkan lulusannya agar dapat bekerja di industri, menjadi instruktur, atau menjadi widyaiswara. (3) Pembelajaran di Prodi PTM FT UNY menurut persepsi dosen termasuk dalam kategori sangat memadai (84,26%) dan menurut persepsi mahasiswa termasuk dalam kategori memadai (77,89%). (4) Profil calon guru SMK-KKTP menurut persepsi guru pembimbing PPL termasuk dalam kategori baik (79,12%); menurut persepsi dosen termasuk dalam kategori baik (79,69%); dan menurut persepsi mahasiswa termasuk dalam kategori baik (80,21%).
RESEARCH FOR A COMPREHENSIVE AND ACTIVE PLANNING METHOD IN AN INDUSTRIAL-RESIDENTIAL MIXED AREAFOCUSED ON OTA CREATIVE TOWN VISION IN OTA WARD, TOKYO
Authors: Nohara Taku , Okamura Yu , Kawabara Susuma 
Published: September 2016

Recently in Japan, the urban environment in industrial cities has been changing due to changes in the industrial, economical, and social structure. Ota Ward in Tokyo has small industrial districts, some of which are mixed-use areas. In the 1980’s there were 9,000 factories, but currently that number has been decreasing and although the factories still possess sophisticated skill-sets, their working environment is inadequate as it issurrounded by too many residential dwellings. In addition, it is too difficult to pass technical knowledge onto succeeding generations. In this research, we focus on a comprehensive and active planning method, specifically, on how to integrate manufacturing, community development, and city promotion so as to solve this kind of problem in mixed residential-industrial cities. Firstly, we investigated the local resources, which consisted of a small industrial network of a “mixed-used” status in Ota Ward that had access to an international airport. Secondly, we created a vision encompassing these three points: (1) Stock (property) management, (2) Supporting Creative Industry, and (3) City Promotion via Industrial Tourism.Currently two projects are in progress: One is the industrial tourism event, “Ota Open Factory”, which is a one day program where many restricted access small factories are opened to the public in the mixed-used industrial area; and the other is “Creative Town Lab. Tamagawa”, which is an active community space (usable for education, workshops, meetings, exhibitions, events) that has been converted from a vacant factory.With these projects, we are trying to realize the area’s potential through activities, recreating a more creative and active city culture and identity.
Противовирусная и антибактериальная терапия в лечении внебольничных пневмоний
Authors: Loskutov O.A. , Druzhyna O.M. , Kolesnikov V.H. 
Published: September 2016

Работа посвящена систематизации подходов к противовирусной и антибактериальной терапии в лечении внебольничных пневмоний. В настоящее время пневмония является основной причиной летальности среди всех инфекционных осложнений во всех возрастных группах и шестой ведущей причиной смерти у подобной категории больных старше 65 лет. Основным компонентом в комплексном лечении больных с гриппозной пневмонией, осложненной бактериальной инфекцией, является своевременное назначение адекватной антивирусной и антибактериальной терапии.Проведение антивирусной терапии следует начинать на раннем этапе заболевания, основываясь на клинической картине болезни, не дожидаясь лабораторного подтверждения гриппа, т.к. разброс чувствительности к экспресс-тестам может составлять от 10 до 70 %.Противовирусная терапия основана на использовании ингибиторов нейраминидазы, которые являются одними из основных препаратов для лечения вирусных пневмоний и гриппоподобных заболеваний как у взрослых, так и у детей. А проведение ранней эмпирической антимикробной терапии целесообразно у больных с признаками вирусного поражения легких при наличии у них сопутствующих гнойно-воспалительных процессов.
Механизмы действия пробиотиков на основе Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Savustyanenko A.V. 
Published: September 2016

Бактерия B.subtilis является одним из наиболее перспективных пробиотиков, изученных в последние десятилетия. Механизмы ее пробиотического действия связаны с синтезом противомикробных веществ, усилением неспецифического и специфического иммунитета, стимуляцией роста нормальной микрофлоры кишечника и выделением пищеварительных ферментов. B.subtilis выделяет рибосомально синтезируемые пептиды, нерибосомально синтезируемые пептиды и непептидные вещества с широким спектром противомикробной активности, охватывающим грамположительные, грамотрицательные бактерии, вирусы и грибы. Резистентность к данным противомикробным веществам возникает редко. Усиление неспецифического иммунитета связано с активацией макрофагов и высвобождением из них провоспалительных цитокинов, повышением барьерной функции слизистой оболочки кишечника, выделением витаминов и аминокислот (включая незаменимые). Усиление специфического иммунитета проявляется активацией Т- и В-лимфоцитов и высвобождением из последних иммуноглобулинов — IgG и IgA. B.subtilis стимулирует рост нормальной микрофлоры кишечника, в частности бактерий родов Lactobacillus и Bifidobacterium. Кроме того, пробиотик увеличивает разнообразие микрофлоры кишечника. Пробиотик выделяет в просвет кишечника все основные пищеварительные ферменты: амилазы, липазы, протеазы, пектиназы и целлюлазы. В дополнение к перевариванию пищи данные ферменты разрушают антипищевые факторы и аллергенные вещества, содержащиеся в поступающей пище. Перечисленные механизмы действия делают обоснованным применение B.subtilis в составе комплексной терапии для борьбы с кишечными инфекциями; профилактики респираторных инфекций в холодное время года; профилактики антибиотикассоциированной диареи; для коррекции нарушений переваривания и продвижения пищи различного генеза (погрешности в диете, изменение рациона питания, болезни желудочно-кишечного тракта, нарушения вегетативной нервной системы и др.). B.subtilis обычно не вызывает побочные эффекты. Для данного пробиотика характерно высокое соотношение эффективности и безопасности.
A Proto-Sinaitic Inscription in Timna/Israel: New Evidence on the Emergence of the Alphabet
Authors: Wimmer Stefan Jakob 
Published: September 2016

A rock inscription, discovered in summer 2009 in Timna (Wadi el-Man‘iye), Israel, is presented and interpreted herein. The context of Egyptian copper mining activities in the New Kingdom at Timna, involving workforce recruited from the local Semitic population, accommodates placing the graffito in the tradition of the so-called Proto-Sinaitic (PS) inscriptions. The engraving can be read as a West Semitic personal name and an introductory title or qualification. It supplies meaningful variant traits not attested hitherto in PS texts, and contributes to the controversial dating of the earliest attestations of alphabetic writing. Doubts as to the authenticity and/or antiquity of the engraving are also addressed.
A Mycenaean Open-Air Cult Place in Iklaina
Authors: Cosmopoulos Michael B. 
Published: September 2016

During the recent excavations at the Mycenaean settlement of Iklaina a pit was unearthed, containing burned animal bones, numerous drinking vases, plaster offering tables, and animal figurines. This find presents a reasonable case of an open-air site with ritual associations. Here I present a preliminary description of the pit and its finds and assess its possible function and importance.
Small unmanned aerial vehicles (micro‐UAVs, drones) in plant ecology
Authors: Cruzan Mitchell B. , Weinstein Ben G. , Grasty Monica R. , Kohrn Brendan F. , Hendrickson Elizabeth C. , Arredondo Tina M. , Thompson Pamela G. 
Published: September 2016

Premise of the study:Low‐elevation surveys with small aerial drones (micro–unmanned aerial vehicles [UAVs]) may be used for a wide variety of applications in plant ecology, including mapping vegetation over small‐ to medium‐sized regions. We provide an overview of methods and procedures for conducting surveys and illustrate some of these applications.Methods:Aerial images were obtained by flying a small drone along transects over the area of interest. Images were used to create a composite image (orthomosaic) and a digital surface model (DSM). Vegetation classification was conducted manually and using an automated routine. Coverage of an individual species was estimated from aerial images.Results:We created a vegetation map for the entire region from the orthomosaic and DSM, and mapped the density of one species. Comparison of our manual and automated habitat classification confirmed that our mapping methods were accurate. A species with high contrast to the background matrix allowed adequate estimate of its coverage.Discussion:The example surveys demonstrate that small aerial drones are capable of gathering large amounts of information on the distribution of vegetation and individual species with minimal impact to sensitive habitats. Low‐elevation aerial surveys have potential for a wide range of applications in plant ecology.
Metabarcoding of marine nematodes – evaluation of reference datasets used in tree-based taxonomy assignment approach
Authors: Holovachov Oleksandr 
Published: September 2016

Metabarcoding is becoming a common tool used to assess and compare diversity of organisms in environmental samples. Identification of OTUs is one of the critical steps in the process and several taxonomy assignment methods were proposed to accomplish this task. This publication evaluates the quality of reference datasets, alongside with several alignment and phylogeny inference methods used in one of the taxonomy assignment methods, called tree-based approach. This approach assigns anonymous OTUs to taxonomic categories based on relative placements of OTUs and reference sequences on the cladogram and support that these placements receive.
In tree-based taxonomy assignment approach, reliable identification of anonymous OTUs is based on their placement in monophyletic and highly supported clades together with identified reference taxa. Therefore, it requires high quality reference dataset to be used. Resolution of phylogenetic trees is strongly affected by the presence of erroneous sequences as well as alignment and phylogeny inference methods used in the process. Two preparation steps are essential for the successful application of tree-based taxonomy assignment approach.

Curated collections of genetic information do include erroneous sequences. These sequences have detrimental effect on the resolution of cladograms used in tree-based approach. They must be identified and excluded from the reference dataset beforehand.

Various combinations of multiple sequence alignment and phylogeny inference methods provide cladograms with different topology and bootstrap support. These combinations of methods need to be tested in order to determine the one that gives highest resolution for the particular reference dataset.

Curated collections of genetic information do include erroneous sequences. These sequences have detrimental effect on the resolution of cladograms used in tree-based approach. They must be identified and excluded from the reference dataset beforehand.
Various combinations of multiple sequence alignment and phylogeny inference methods provide cladograms with different topology and bootstrap support. These combinations of methods need to be tested in order to determine the one that gives highest resolution for the particular reference dataset.
Completing the above mentioned preparation steps is expected to decrease the number of unassigned OTUs and thus improve the results of the tree-based taxonomy assignment approach.
Measuring Student Engagement in a Flipped Athletic Training Classroom
Authors: Thompson Gayle A. , Ayers Suzan F. 
Published: September 2016

Context
Active learning describes any instructional approach that fosters student engagement in the content and is believed to promote critical thinking more fully than do traditional lecture formats.

Objective
Investigate student engagement, specifically professional relevance and peer interaction, with active learning techniques used in a flipped classroom format.

Design
An exploratory study utilizing both quantitative and qualitative survey instruments.

Setting
Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education–accredited undergraduate entry-level athletic training program.

Patients or Other Participants
Seventeen students (11 females, 6 males) of at least sophomore level, enrolled in the lower extremity orthopaedic assessment course in the athletic training program.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
A mixed-method analysis was used. Quantitative questionnaires were analyzed with comparisons of medians and the Friedman test for nonparametric analysis. Qualitative questionnaires were coded using deductive and inductive reasoning and analyzed with emerging themes and shared coding procedures. Validity evidence is presented for quantitative data. Independent coding was used to confirm the trustworthiness of the qualitative data analysis.

Results
Participants reported a high level of course preparation, perceived content relevance, and value of peer interaction, all of which are indicators of student engagement. Four qualitative themes emerged: (1) content relevant to profession, (2) class activities fostering professional development, (3) becoming a reflective practitioner, and (4) pedagogical reflections.

Conclusions
A primary finding of our study was the high degree of perceived relevance of classroom content to professional practice. Participants indicated they learned as much as they taught in peer interactions and perceived both to be at essentially the same high level. Evidence supports the use of an active learning instructional format to engage students. Participants indicated a high level of support for the flipped classroom despite the greater effort required by the emphasis on student responsibility and the active learning nature of the course.
Athletic Directors' Barriers to Hiring Athletic Trainers in High Schools
Authors: Mazerolle Stephanie M. , Raso Samantha R. , Pagnotta Kelly D. , Stearns Rebecca L. , Casa Douglas J. 
Published: September 2016

Context
In its best-practices recommendation, the Inter-Association Task Force for Preventing Sudden Death in Secondary School Athletics Programs urged all high schools to have a certified athletic trainer (AT) on staff. Despite the recommendation, many high schools lack the medical services of an AT.

Objective
To examine the barriers that athletic directors (ADs) face in hiring ATs in public high schools and in providing medical coverage for their student-athletes.

Design
Qualitative study.

Setting
Semistructured telephone interviews.

Patients or Other Participants
Twenty full-time public high school ADs (17 men, 3 women) from various geographical regions of the United States (6 North, 4 South, 4 Midwest, 6 West) participated. Data saturation guided the total number of participants.

Data Collection and Analysis
We completed telephone interviews guided by a semistructured questionnaire with all participants. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Multiple-analyst triangulation and peer review were included as steps to establish data credibility. We analyzed the data using the principles of the general inductive approach.

Results
We identified 3 themes. Lack of power represented the inability of an AD to hire an AT, which was perceived to be a responsibility of the superintendent and school board. Budget concerns pertained to the funding allocated to specific resources within a school, which often did not include an AT. Nonbudget concerns represented rural locations without clinics or hospitals nearby; misconceptions about the role of an AT, which led to the belief that first-aid–trained coaches are appropriate medical providers; and community support from local clinics, hospitals, and volunteers.

Conclusions
Many ADs would prefer to employ ATs in their schools; however, they perceive that they are bound by the hiring and budgeting decisions of superintendents and school boards. Public school systems are experiencing the consequences of national budget cuts and often do not have the freedom to hire ATs when other school staff are being laid off.
Brain Activation for Knee Movement Measured Days Before Second Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: Neuroimaging in Musculoskeletal Medicine
Authors: Grooms Dustin R. , Page Stephen J. , Onate James A. 
Published: September 2016

Background
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury has multifactorial causes encompassing mechanical, hormonal, exposure, and anatomical factors. Alterations in the central nervous system also play a role, but their influence after injury, recovery, and recurrent injury remain unknown. Modern neuroimaging techniques can be used to elucidate the underlying functional and structural alterations of the brain that predicate the neuromuscular control adaptations associated with ACL injury. This knowledge will further our understanding of the neural adaptations after ACL injury and rehabilitation and in relation to injury risk. In this paper, we describe the measurement of brain activation during knee extension-flexion after ACL injury and reconstruction and 26 days before a contralateral ACL injury.

Methods
Brain functional magnetic resonance imaging data for an ACL-injured participant and a matched control participant were collected and contrasted.

Results
Relative to the matched control participant, the ACL-injured participant exhibited increased activation of motor-planning, sensory-processing, and visual-motor control areas. A similar activation pattern was present for the contralateral knee that sustained a subsequent injury.

Conclusions
Bilateral neuroplasticity after ACL injury may contribute to the risk of second injury, or aspects of neurophysiology may be predisposing factors to primary injury.

Clinical Implications
Sensory-visual-motor function and motor-learning adaptations may provide targets for rehabilitation.
Forward Shoulder Posture in Collegiate Swimmers: A Comparative Analysis of Muscle-Energy Techniques
Authors: Laudner Kevin G. , Wenig Melissa , Selkow Noelle M. , Williams Jeffrey , Post Eric 
Published: September 2016

Context
Empirical data for treating forward shoulder posture supports stretching the anterior shoulder musculature. Although muscle-energy techniques (METs) have been hypothesized to lengthen muscle, no data have described the usefulness of this technique among swimmers.

Objective
To determine if an MET provides improvements in resting pectoralis minor length (PML), forward scapular position, and scapular upward rotation in female collegiate swimmers.

Design
Controlled laboratory study.

Setting
Athletic training room.

Patients or Other Participants
Thirty-nine asymptomatic National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I women's swimmers (19 experimental, 20 control).

Intervention(s)
The experimental group received 2 treatment sessions per week for 6 weeks. The control group received no intervention during this 6-week period.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
We administered pretest and posttest measurements for PML, forward scapular position, and scapular upward rotation in positions of rest and 60°, 90°, and 120° of humeral elevation. The MET consisted of a 3-second stretch in the direction of the pectoralis minor fibers, followed by a 5-second isometric horizontal adduction contraction at 25% of maximum force. Immediately after this contraction, the entire sequence was repeated with the muscle being stretched to the new endpoint. A total of 4 cycles of MET were continuously applied per treatment session twice per week for 6 weeks. We conducted 1-way analyses of covariance to determine any between-groups postintervention test differences.

Results
The MET group had a greater increase in PML postintervention (P = .001, effect size = 1.6) and a greater decrease in forward scapular position postintervention (P = .001, effect size = 1.07) compared with the control group. No differences were found for scapular upward rotation (P &gt; .10).

Conclusions
Our results indicate that 6 weeks of MET treatments applied to the pectoralis minor of asymptomatic female swimmers provided improvements in PML and forward scapular position compared with a control group.
Dynamic Postural-Stability Deficits After Cryotherapy to the Ankle Joint
Authors: Fullam Karl , Caulfield Brian , Coughlan Garrett F. , McGroarty Mark , Delahunt Eamonn 
Published: September 2016

Context Decreased postural stability is a primary risk factor for lower limb musculoskeletal injuries. During athletic competitions, cryotherapy may be applied during short breaks in play or during half-time; however, its effects on postural stability remain unclear.Objective To investigate the acute effects of a 15-minute ankle-joint cryotherapy application on dynamic postural stability.Design Controlled laboratory study.Setting University biomechanics laboratory.Patients or Other Participants A total of 29 elite-level collegiate male field-sport athletes (age = 20.8 ± 1.12 years, height = 1.80 ± 0.06 m, mass = 81.89 ± 8.59 kg) participated.Intervention(s) Participants were tested on the anterior (ANT), posterolateral (PL), and posteromedial (PM) reach directions of the Star Excursion Balance Test before and after a 15-minute ankle-joint cryotherapy application.Main Outcome Measure(s) Normalized reach distances; sagittal-plane kinematics of the hip, knee, and ankle joints; and associated mean velocity of the center-of-pressure path during performance of the ANT, PL, and PM reach directions of the Star Excursion Balance Test.Results We observed a decrease in reach-distance scores for the ANT, PL, and PM reach directions from precryotherapy to postcryotherapy (P &lt; .05). No differences were observed in hip-, knee-, or ankle-joint sagittal-plane kinematics (P &gt; .05). We noted a decrease in mean velocity of the center-of-pressure path from precryotherapy to postcryotherapy (P &lt; .05) in all reach directions.Conclusions Dynamic postural stability was adversely affected immediately after cryotherapy to the ankle joint.