bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of common and rare variants with Alzheimer's disease in more than 13,000 diverse individuals with whole‐genome sequencing from the Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project
Authors: Lee Wan‐Ping , Choi Seung Hoan , Shea Margaret G. , Cheng Po‐Liang , Dombroski Beth A. , Pitsillides Achilleas N. , Heard‐Costa Nancy L. , Wang Hui , Bulekova Katia , Kuzma Amanda B. , Leung Yuk Yee , Farrell John J. , Lin Honghuang , Kunkle Brian W. , Naj Adam , Blue Elizabeth E. , Nusetor Frederick , Wang Dongyu , Boerwinkle Eric , Bush William S. , Zhang Xiaoling , De Jager Philip L. , Dupuis Josée , Farrer Lindsay A. , Fornage Myriam , Martin Eden , Pericak‐Vance Margaret , Seshadri Sudha , Wijsman Ellen M. , Wang Li‐San ,   The Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project, Schellenberg Gerard D. , Destefano Anita L. , Haines Jonathan L. , Peloso Gina M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a common disorder of the elderly that is both highly heritable and genetically heterogeneous.METHODSWe investigated the association of AD with both common variants and aggregates of rare coding and non‐coding variants in 13,371 individuals of diverse ancestry with whole genome sequencing (WGS) data.RESULTSPooled‐population analyses of all individuals identified genetic variants at apolipoprotein E (APOE) and BIN1 associated with AD (p < 5 × 10−8). Subgroup‐specific analyses identified a haplotype on chromosome 14 including PSEN1 associated with AD in Hispanics, further supported by aggregate testing of rare coding and non‐coding variants in the region. Common variants in LINC00320 were observed associated with AD in Black individuals (p = 1.9 × 10−9). Finally, we observed rare non‐coding variants in the promoter of TOMM40 distinct of APOE in pooled‐population analyses (p = 7.2 × 10−8).DISCUSSIONWe observed that complementary pooled‐population and subgroup‐specific analyses offered unique insights into the genetic architecture of AD.Highlights
We determine the association of genetic variants with Alzheimer's disease (AD) using 13,371 individuals of diverse ancestry with whole genome sequencing (WGS) data.
We identified genetic variants at apolipoprotein E (APOE), BIN1, PSEN1, and LINC00320 associated with AD.
We observed rare non‐coding variants in the promoter of TOMM40 distinct of APOE.
Development and workflow of a separation process for optimum design: A case of phenylenediamine
Authors: O'Young Lionel , Wang Zeping , Fu Weisong , Ye Peng , Chen Weihong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAn industrial project based upon the multi‐scale objective‐oriented process development (MOPD) method for developing an optimum process for separating phenylenediamine (PDA) isomers was executed. This article reports the first four (4) steps of that project. In the first step, the solution for this separation problem was conceptualized. It is a distillation‐crystallization‐hybrid process. The second step is to validate the concept experimentally from the thermodynamic point of view followed by kinetic considerations. It was found that a 2‐stage crystallization is required to purify the main product isomers to the desirable specification that is higher than 99.5 mol%. A heat and material balance model was then constructed for analyzing and optimizing various design variables, also used to understand the operability of the process. Finally, with proper HAZOP analysis and detailed engineering, the pilot unit was designed. Throughout the project, all exercises and efforts are well focused with clear objectives, hence there are minimum detours on the execution; furthermore, the clear objectives enhanced the communications among various disciplines tremendously. It is a valuable asset for senior management in the allocation of resources and budgets.
Pyrrolizwillin, ein Einzigartiges Bakterielles Alkaloid, Gebildet durch eine Kombination aus Nichtribosomaler Peptidsynthetase und nicht‐Enzymatischer Dimerisierung
Authors: Effert Juliana , Westphalen Margaretha , Calderari Andrea , Shi Yi‐Ming , Elamri Isam , Najah Soumaya , Grün Peter , Li Yanyan , Gruez Arnaud , Weissman Kira J. , Bode Helge B. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPyrrolizidinalkaloide (PAs) sind eine strukturell vielfältige Gruppe spezialisierter heterocyclischer Metabolite, die durch eine Hexahydro‐1H‐pyrrolizin‐Kernstruktur charakterisiert werden. PAs werden über zwei unterschiedliche Biosynthesewege gebildet. In Pflanzen werden sie durch eine Homospermidinsynthase synthetisiert, während sie in Bakterien durch die kombinierte Wirkung einer nichtribosomalen Peptidsynthetase und einer Baeyer–Villiger‐Monooxygenase entstehen. Während die toxischen Eigenschaften pflanzlicher PAs und ihr Vorkommen in tierischen und menschlichen Lebensmitteln umfassend untersucht wurden, sind die biologischen Funktionen und die Biosynthese komplexerer bakterieller PAs noch nicht gut verstanden. Hier berichten wir über die Identifizierung und Charakterisierung eines bakteriellen Biosynthese‐Genclusters aus Xenorhabdus hominickii, xhpA‐G, das für die Produktion des PA‐Pseudodimers Pyrrolizwillin verantwortlich ist. Die Analyse von Promotor‐Austauschmutanten aus X. hominickii zusammen mit der heterologen Expression von xhpA‐G in E. coli ergab eine Reihe von Derivaten und Zwischenprodukten, von denen zwei chemisch synthetisiert wurden. Diese Informationen wurden genutzt, um einen detaillierten Biosyntheseweg zu Pyrrolizwillin zu postulieren. Darüber hinaus haben wir die Hydrolase XhpG, das Schlüsselenzym bei der Umwandlung des Zwischenprodukts Pyrrolizixenamid zu Pyrrolizwillin, mittels Röntgenkristallographie und Kleinwinkel‐Röntgenstreuung (SAXS) charakterisiert.
Second Generation Zwitterionic Aza‐Diarylethene: Photoreversible CN Bond Formation, Three‐State Photoswitching, Thermal Energy Release, and Facile Photoinitiation of Polymerization
Authors: Sacherer Maximilian , Dube Henry 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDiarylethenes are a well‐studied and optimized class of photoswitches with a wide range of applications, including data storage, smart materials, or photocontrolled catalysis and biological processes. Most recently, aza‐diarylethenes have been developed in which carbon‐carbon bond connections are replaced by carbon‐nitrogen connections. This structural elaboration opens up an entire new structure and property space expanding the versatility and applicability of diarylethenes. In this work, we present the second generation of zwitterionic aza‐diarylethenes, which finally allows for fully reversible photoswitching and precise control over all three switching states. High‐yielding photoswitching between the neutral open form and a zwitterionic Z isomer is achieved with two different wavelengths of light. The third zwitterionic E isomeric state can be reached in up to 87 % upon irradiation with a third wavelength. Its high energy content of >10 kcal/mol can be released thermally by deliberate solvent change as trigger mechanism, rendering aza‐diarylethenes into interesting candidates for molecular solar thermal energy storage (MOST) applications. The third state also serves as locking state, allowing to toggle light‐responsiveness reversibly between thermally labile and thermally stable switching. Further, irradiation of the zwitterionic states leads to highly efficient photopolymerization of methyl acrylate (MA), directly harnessing the unleashed chemical reactivity of our aza‐diarylethene in a materials application.
Reversible Hydrogen Acceptor–Donor Enables Relay Mechanism for Nitrate‐to‐Ammonia Electrocatalysis
Authors: Li Yuefei , Liu Ye , Zhang Mingkai , Li Linsen , Jiang Zhao , Han Bingying , Wang Baojun , Li Jiayuan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic nitrate reduction is a crucial process for sustainable ammonia production. However, to maximize ammonia yield efficiency, this technology inevitably operates at the potentials more negative than 0 V vs. RHE, leading to high energy consumption and competitive hydrogen evolution. To eradicate this issue, hydrogen tungsten bronze (HxWO3) as reversible hydrogen donor‐acceptor is partnered with copper (Cu) to enable a relay mechanism at potentials positive than 0 V vs. RHE, which involves rapid intercalation of H into HxWO3 lattice, prompt de‐intercalation of the lattice H and transfer onto Cu, and spontaneous H‐mediated nitrate‐to‐ammonia conversion on Cu. The resulting catalysts demonstrated a high ammonia yield rate of 3332.9±34.1 mmol gcat−1 h−1 and a Faraday efficiency of ~100 % at 0.10 V vs. RHE, displaying a record‐low estimated energy consumption of 17.6 kWh kgammonia−1. Using these catalysts, we achieve continuous ammonia production in an enlarged flow cell at a real energy consumption of 17.0 kWh kgammonia−1.
High Configuration Entropy Promises Electrochemical Stability of Chloride Electrolytes for High‐Energy, Long‐Life All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Li Deyuan , Yu Dongfang , Zhang Guangwen , Du Ao , Ye Zilin , Jia Yiran , Hou Weiqi , Xu Tianze , Li Fangbing , Chi Sijia , Zhu Yizhou , Yang Chunpeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSolid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) with high ionic conductivity, stability, and interface compatibility are indispensable for high‐energy‐density and long‐life all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs), yet there are scarce SSEs with sufficient ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability. In this study, with a high‐entropy SSE (HE‐SSE, Li2.9In0.75Zr0.1Sc0.05Er0.05Y0.05Cl6), we show the high configuration entropy has a thermodynamically positive relationship with the high‐voltage stability. As a result, the ASSBs with HE‐SSE and high‐voltage cathode materials exhibit superior high‐voltage and long‐cycle stability, achieving 250 cycles with 81.4 % capacity retention when charged to 4.8 V (vs. Li+/Li), and even 5000 cycles if charged to 4.6 V (vs. Li+/Li). Experimental characterizations and density functional theory calculations confirm that the HE‐SSE greatly suppresses the high‐voltage degradation of SSE at the interface, promoting the high‐voltage stability coordinately through high entropy and interface stability. The high entropy design offers a general strategy to simultaneously improve the high‐voltage stability and ionic conductivity of SSEs, creating an avenue to building high‐energy and long‐life ASSBs.
Harnessing the Reactivity of Nitroarene Radical Anions to Create Quinoline N‐Oxides by Electrochemical Reductive Cyclization
Authors: Zhu Haoran , Powell Jair N. , Geldchen Victoria A. , Drumheller Adam S. , Driver Tom G. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractElectrochemical reduction of 2‐allyl‐substituted nitroarenes using a simple, undivided electrochemical cell with non‐precious electrodes to generate nitroarene radical anions was developed. The nitroarene radical anion intermediates participate in 1,5‐hydrogen atom transfer reactions to construct quinoline N‐oxides bearing aryl‐, heteroaryl‐, alkenyl‐, benzyl‐, sulfonyl‐, or carboxyl groups.
Self‐Powered Wearable Pressure Sensors for Detection and Separation of Signals for Various Human Movements
Authors: Momin Md. Abdul , Jazini Mahdi , Jellur Rahman Mohammad , Mieno Tetsu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA detailed study on the dynamic response of mountable pressure sensors is presented, with a focus on foot pressure sensors integrated with carbon nanotube (CNT)‐coated cotton fibers. The research explores the sensor‘s sensitivity to pressure changes, repeatability, hysteresis, and durability through rigorous modeling and experimental validation. Computational simulations using Python (NumPy library) and experimental data demonstrate the sensor‘s nonlinear conductance response to applied force, attributed to the varying contact area and number of contact points among the fibers. Long‐term outdoor exposure tests confirm the material‘s resilience to environmental stressors, maintaining its electrical conductivity and structural integrity. The study also investigates the sensor‘s capability to monitor human activities, such as walking, running, stair climbing, and jumping, by analyzing force profiles and step rates. Additionally, the sensors effectively detect muscle movements during swallowing, coughing, and speech, with potential applications in health monitoring and artificial voice synthesis. The Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance (MRMR) algorithm is utilized to implement feature selection methods aimed at distinguishing between various activities, thereby demonstrating the sensor‘s potential for activity recognition. An estimation of harvested electric power using a piezoelectric sensor on the pressure sensors has been done, which can provide power to the different wearable devices attached to our body. This work contributes to the advancement of self‐powered wearable pressure sensors to monitor real‐time human activity, with implications for healthcare, sports performance, and assistive technologies.
Outstanding Activity and Durability of Supported NiCo2O4 Nanoparticles for Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells
Authors: Afify Donia G. , Hameed R. M. Abdel , Mohamed Aya M. , Ghayad Ibrahim M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe rational design of noble metal‐free electrocatalysts represents one of the basic stones for fuel cell development. With the exploration of eco‐friendly nanomaterials for the investigated alcohol oxidation process, nickel‐based electrodes have been recognized as the most auspicious anodes with promoted activity and stability. In this work, a series of NiCo2O4 nanoparticles were deposited onto graphite sheets (NiCo2O4/T) introducing varied proportions of cobalt oxide species. Co‐precipitation protocol of the respective metallic hydroxides onto the carbonaceous support was followed with consecutive annealing in an air atmosphere at 400°C. The fabricated mixed metallic oxide nanopowder was physically studied using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). Uniformly arranged nanoparticles were observed on graphite surface as evidenced by SEM and TEM. The cubic lattice structure of formed NiCo2O4 crystals was also confirmed by XRD through the defined peaks of binary metallic oxides clarifying their successful preparation scheme. The electrocatalytic properties of these NiCo2O4/T nanocatalysts were evaluated for oxidizing ethanol molecules in basic solution. Pronounced oxidation current densities were remarkably measured at NiCo2O4/T electrodes in relation to that at NiO/T. Differing the introduced cobalt oxide content into the synthesized nanocatalyst significantly controlled its catalytic performance. NiCo2O4/T‐20 exhibited the highest activity and stability among the prepared nanomaterials. Much decreased charge transfer resistances were also recorded at this electrode demonstrating its promoted electron transfer characteristics. This work could provide a reasonable route for the simple synthesis of comparable transition metallic oxides with promising attitudes for energy generation purposes.
Recent Updates on Pd‐Incorporated Ionic Liquids Catalyzed Suzuki Cross‐Coupling Reaction: A Mini‐Review
Authors: Imeer Ali Thoulfikar A. , Kadhum Abdul Amir H. , Ahmed Suzan Duraid , Al‐Bahrani Hussein Ali , Mhaibes Raed Muslim , Shu Guang 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIonic liquids (ILs) have been recognized for their potential as environmentally friendly solvents when compared to traditional organic solvents. Additionally, their function goes beyond that of solvents, and cocatalysts, as they frequently act as stabilizing agents and ligands for the metal‐active species and intermediates in catalytic systems. This comprehensive review primarily focuses on the application of Pd‐incorporated ILs in catalyzing cross‐coupling Suzuki reactions. The responses play a vital role in creating a wide range of structurally diverse and highly functionalized organic compounds, focusing specifically on nucleopalladation Suzuki coupling reactions. The review provides a detailed summary of the reaction conditions, stereoselectivity and regioselectivity, and the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, it underscores crucial and characteristic illustrations, displaying the practical implementations of these coupling reactions. The aim of this review is to stimulate further research efforts, with the ultimate goal of expanding our understanding and utilization of ILs in various fields in the future.
Synthesis and Spectral Studies of New Azomethine Metal Complexes With Biological Activity and Docking Studies Utilizing 3‐Methylpyridin‐2‐Amine as a Complexing Agent
Authors: Hazarathaiah Yadav C. , Gosu Nageswara Reddy , Lavanya D. , Losetty Venkatramana 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe novel Schiff base, (Z)‐2‐(1‐((3‐methylpyridin‐2‐yl)imino)ethyl)phenol (HL), was synthesized by reacting 1‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)ethanone with 3‐methylpyridin‐2‐amine. Metal complexes [M (L)n (H2O)2] (M = Co and Cu, n = 2) were synthesized and characterized utilizing various analytical techniques including UV–visible spectroscopy, FTIR, elemental analysis, molar conductance, 1H NMR, thermal analysis, and magnetic moment measurement. The findings indicated that the Co+2 and Cu+2 complexes exhibited octahedral geometries. In vitro biological activity testing was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of the complexes against Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria strains. Similarly, molecular docking was conducted to elucidate the interactions between the active sites of protein–metal complexes and dihydrofolate reductase as well as ferrochelatase.
Lignin‐based nitrogen and phosphorus‐containing polylactic acid with flame‐retardant performances
Authors: Zhang Guixin , Weng Shuxian , Wang Jie , Kou Zhimin , Liu Meiting , Zhu Guoqiang , Hu Lihong , Zhou Yonghong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA) is a new type of biodegradable material that has been applied in many fields such as extrusion, injection molding, film drawing, and spinning. In contrary, it does not have flame retardancy. In this paper, N‐PCDL was synthesized by amidation reaction between COOH of PCDL and NH2 of tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), followed by an Atherton‐Todd reaction of unreacted NH2 at the other end of TEPA with PH of DOPO to prepare a novel lignin‐based flame retardant containing nitrogen and phosphorus (NP‐PCDL). The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectroscopy (1H NMR) analysis results showed that proton peaks of CONH, PN, and NH appeared in the NP‐PCDL spectrum, while the characteristic absorption peak of PH bond disappeared in DOPO, the X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results showed that the degraded lignin consisted of elements C and O, while NP‐PCDL consisted of elements C, O, N and P. The above results indicated that NP‐PCDL was successfully prepared. NP‐PCDL accounted for 3% (mass percentage, the same below), 5% and 10% of PLA, then lignin based flame‐retardant PLA composites were prepared by internal mixing and injection molding. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the residual carbon of PLA/3% NP‐PCDL, PLA/5% NP‐PCDL and PLA/10% NP‐PCDL at 800°C were higher than that of pure PLA, with the increase of 56.56%, 97.54%, and 301.64%, respectively; The analysis of SEM, XPS, and Raman showed that PLA/NP‐PCDL formed dense, regular and highly graphitized residual carbon with phosphorus nitrogen structure during the combustion process. At the same time, NH3, H2O and PO˙ free radicals were released, which could dilute combustible gases, destroy free radical chain reaction, isolate combustible gases and heat, so as to play a flame‐retardant role.
Second‐degree burns treatment: Preclinical in vivo approaches using natural latex rubber containing Aloe vera extract
Authors: de Carvalho Filipe Feitosa , Quevedo Bruna V. , Goldenberg Julia Alice Cavecchioli , Munhoz Gabriella Di Cunto Alonso , Menezes Gabriella Zaccarelli Ferreira , da Silva Lucas Camargo Soares Carvalho , Rocha Thalita , de Rezende Duek Eliana Aparecida , Komatsu Daniel , de Alencar Hausen Moema , Randazzo‐Moura Priscila 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNatural rubber latex (NRL) obtained from Hevea brasiliensis is emerging as a viable and economical alternative for biomedical treatments, particularly for dermal injuries. Its effectiveness is enhanced when combined with bioactive molecules, such as those found in Aloe vera (AV), known for their healing properties and are commonly used in low‐cost wound healing therapies. Thus, this study evaluated the physicochemical and biological properties of NRL incorporated with 25%, 35%, and 50% AV, both in vitro and in vivo. FTIR analyses revealed only physical interactions between NRL and AV, facilitating their release, as evidenced by the release profile. In vitro assays indicated improved biocompatibility in samples composed of 25% and 35% AV, while complete cell death occurred at 50% AV. Histological evaluations of second‐degree burn models in rats showed greater re‐epithelialization of the epidermis with 35% AV after 14 days of treatment. However, 50% AV highlighted the importance of avoiding overdosing to prevent tissue necrosis. Despite the differences observed between in vitro and in vivo results, NRL membranes containing AV are a promising approach for future clinical trials in skin wounds treatment, offering an effective and affordable solutions for skin regeneration in clinical settings.
Study on foaming behavior of block copolymer/inorganic particles co‐construction of toughened epoxy resin foams
Authors: Zhou Taineng , Yu Caili , Yang Le , Liu Wei , Jiang Tuanhui , Zeng Xiangbu , Shen Kuanchun , Jin Bo , Zhang Chun , He Li 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLow toughness and brittleness limit its application range of thermosetting epoxy resin (EP) based foams. In current research, inorganic particles are commonly utilized as heterogeneous nucleating agents to enhance foaming quality and EP toughness. However, the increasing inorganic particle content usually leads to particle agglomeration, which negatively impacts foaming quality and reduces EP performance. Block copolymers, which appear as liquid to effectively mitigate agglomeration, are employed as toughening materials for EP. In this study, a small number of modified calcium silicate particles (MCS) were used as anchor points to induce the distribution of block copolymers (P‐F68) to improve EP toughness and effectively enhance cell nucleation, thus, EP/MCS/P‐F68 foams performance was improved. The research results showed that EP foams obtained excellent cell structure and very small foam density (0.256 g/cm3) at the P‐F68 content of 10 wt%. The continuous increase of P‐F68 content would lead to the thickening of cell wall and the increase of cell size. Simultaneously, the core‐shell structure formed by P‐F68 in EP effectively enhanced the toughness of EP foams and mitigated its brittleness, offering crucial theoretical guidance for toughening and regulating the cell structure of EP foams.