bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Training Intensity Distribution of a 7-Day HIIT Shock Microcycle: Is Time in the “Red Zone” Crucial for Maximizing Endurance Performance? A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Strepp Tilmann , Blumkaitis Julia C. , Sareban Mahdi , Stöggl Thomas Leonhard , Haller Nils 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Various studies have shown that the type of intensity measure affects training intensity distribution (TID) computation. These conclusions arise from studies presenting data from meso- and macrocycles, while microcycles, e.g., high-intensity interval training shock microcycles (HIIT-SM) have been neglected so far. Previous literature has suggested that the time spent in the high-intensity zone, i.e., zone 3 (Z3) or the “red zone”, during HIIT may be important to achieve improvements in endurance performance parameters. Therefore, this randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the TID based on running velocity (TIDV), running power (TIDP) and heart rate (TIDHR) during a 7-day HIIT-SM. Twenty-nine endurance-trained participant were allocated to a HIIT-SM consisting of 10 HIIT sessions without (HSM, n = 9) or with (HSM + LIT, n = 9) additional low-intensity training or a control group (n = 11). Moreover, we explored relationships between time spent in Z3 determined by running velocity (Z3V), running power (Z3P), heart rate (Z3HR), oxygen uptake ($${\text{Z}}{3_{\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}_2}}$$

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Results
Both intervention groups revealed a polarized pattern for TIDV (HSM: Z1: 38 ± 17, Z2: 16 ± 17, Z3: 46 ± 2%; HSM + LIT: Z1: 59 ± 18, Z2: 14 ± 18, Z3: 27 ± 2%) and TIDP (Z1: 50 ± 8, Z2: 14 ± 11, Z3: 36 ± 7%; Z1: 62 ± 15, Z2: 12 ± 16, Z3: 26 ± 2%), while TIDHR (Z1: 48 ± 13, Z2: 26 ± 11, Z3: 26 ± 7%; Z1: 65 ± 17, Z2: 22 ± 18, Z3: 13 ± 4%) showed a pyramidal pattern. Time in Z3HR was significantly less compared to Z3V and Z3P in both intervention groups (all p < 0.01). There was a time x intensity measure interaction for time in Z3 across the 10 HIIT sessions for HSM + LIT (p < 0.001, pη2 = 0.30). Time in Z3V and Z3P within each single HIIT session remained stable over the training period for both intervention groups. Time in Z3HR declined in HSM from the first (47%) to the last (28%) session, which was more pronounced in HSM + LIT (45% to 16%). A moderate dose–response relationship was found for time in Z3V and changes in peak power output (rs = 0.52, p = 0.028) as well as time trial performance (rs = − 0.47, p = 0.049) with no such associations regarding time in Z3P, Z3HR, and $${\text{Z}}{3_{\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}_2}}$$

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Conclusion
The present study reveals that the type of intensity measure strongly affects TID computation during a HIIT-SM. As heart rate tends to underestimate the intensity during HIIT-SM, heart rate-based training decisions should be made cautiously. In addition, time in Z3V was most closely associated with changes in endurance performance. Thus, for evaluating a HIIT-SM, we suggest integrating a comprehensive set of intensity measures.
Trial Registration Trial register: Clinicaltrials.gov, registration number: NCT05067426.
Exploring the coherency and predictability between the stocks of artificial intelligence and energy corporations
Authors: Urom Christian , Ndubuisi Gideon , Mzoughi Hela , Guesmi Khaled 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper employs wavelet coherence, Cross-Quantilogram (CQ), and Time-Varying Parameter Vector-Autoregression (TVP-VAR) estimation strategies to investigate the dependence structure and connectedness between investments in artificial intelligence (AI) and eight different energy-focused sectors. We find significant evidence of dependence and connectedness between the stock returns of AI and those of the energy-focused sectors, especially during intermediate and long-term investment horizons. The relationship has become stronger since the COVID-19 pandemic. More specifically, results from the wavelet coherence approach show a stronger association between the stock returns of energy-focused sectors and AI, while results from the CQ analysis show that directional predictability from AI to energy-focused sectors varies across sectors, investment horizons, and market conditions. TVP-VAR results show that since the COVID-19 outbreak, AI has become more of a net shock receiver from the energy market. Our study offers crucial implications for investors and policymakers.
K-medoid clustering containerized allocation algorithm for cloud computing environment
Authors: AbdElSamea Amany , Saif Sherif M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLoad balancing is critical for container-based cloud computing environments for several reasons. A lack of appropriate load balancing techniques could result in a decrease in performance and possible service interruptions as some nodes get overloaded, while others are left underutilized. Cloud service providers can reduce latency and boost system performance by strategically placing containers using clustering algorithms. These techniques aid in efficiently using resources and load balancing by clustering related containers together according to their shared attributes. Clustering strategies are effective in allocating and controlling resources to meet the demands of a changing workload. Algorithms for clustering combine related workloads or containers into clusters, improving performance isolation and maximizing resource usage. One popular methodology for data clustering is the K-Medoid Clustering Algorithm. It is especially helpful when working with categorical data or when the dataset contains outliers. K-medoids is an unsupervised clustering approach where the core of the cluster is made up of data points known as “medoids.” A medoid is a location in the cluster whose total distance to every object in the cluster—also known as its dissimilarity—is as small as possible. Any appropriate distance function may be used, such as the Manhattan distance, the Euclidean distance, or another one. Thus, by choosing K medoids from our data sample, the K-medoids method splits the data into K clusters. This work presents the K-Medoid clustering technique for containers, which can enhance load balancing, decrease resource execution times, and increase resource utilization rates all at the same time. The results of the experiment show that the proposed method outperforms MACO and FCFS in terms of throughput by about 70% when number of cloudlets increased. The relative improvement of execution time of the proposed K-medoid algorithm w.r.t FCFS is about 50%.
Skin Penetration and Permeation Properties of Transcutol® in Complex Formulations
Authors: Musakhanian Jasmine , Osborne David W. , Rodier Jean-David 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPercutaneous delivery is explored as alternative pathway for addressing the drawbacks associated with the oral administration of otherwise efficacious drugs. Short of breaching the skin by physical means, the preference goes to formulation strategies that augment passive diffusion across the skin. One such strategy lies in the use of skin penetration and permeation enhancers notably of hydroxylated solvents like propylene glycol (PG), ethanol (EtOH), and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (Transcutol®, TRC). In a previous publication, we focused on the role of Transcutol® as enhancer in neat or diluted systems. Herein, we explore its’ role in complex formulation systems, including patches, emulsions, vesicles, solid lipid nanoparticles, and micro or nanoemulsions. This review discusses enhancement mechanisms associated with hydroalcoholic solvents in general and TRC in particular, as manifested in multi-component formulation settings alongside other solvents and enhancers. The principles that govern skin penetration and permeation, notably the importance of drug diffusion due to solubilization and thermodynamic activity in the vehicle (formulation), drug solubilization and partitioning in the stratum corneum (SC), and/or solvent drag across the skin into deeper tissue for systemic absorption are discussed. Emphasized also are the interplay between the drug properties, the skin barrier function and the formulation parameters that are key to successful (trans)dermal delivery.
Graphical Abstract
Early Pregnancy Plasma Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Maternal Midlife Adiposity
Authors: Burdeau Jordan A , Stephenson Briana J K , Chavarro Jorge E , Mahalingaiah Shruthi , Preston Emma V , Hivert Marie-France , Oken Emily , Calafat Antonia M , Rifas-Shiman Sheryl L , Zota Ami R , James-Todd Tamarra 
Published: September 2024

AbstractContextEvidence suggests that exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) increases the risk of developing cardiometabolic disease risk factors. Limited research has evaluated associations between PFAS, assessed during pregnancy, a sensitive window for maternal endocrine effects, and long-term maternal adiposity.ObjectiveEstimate associations of early pregnancy measures of individual PFAS, and PFAS mixtures, with maternal adiposity in midlife.MethodsWe studied 547 Project Viva participants with measures of early pregnancy (mean gestation 10.0 weeks; mean age 32.5 years) plasma concentrations of 6 PFAS and midlife adiposity outcomes (mean follow-up 17.7 years; mean age 50.7 years), including weight, waist circumference (WC), trunk fat mass (TFM), and total body fat mass (TBFM). We used linear regression and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR).ResultsLinear regression estimated higher midlife weight per doubling of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) (3.8 kg [95% CI: 1.6, 5.9]) and 2-(N-ethyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamido) acetate (2.3 kg [95% CI: 0.9, 3.7]). BKMR analyses of single PFAS plasma concentrations (comparing the 25th percentile concentration to the 75th percentile) showed a positive association between PFOS and midlife adiposity (weight: 7.7 kg [95% CI: 4.0, 11.5]; TFM: 1.2 kg [95% CI: 0.0, 2.3]; TBFM: 3.0 kg [95% CI: 0.8, 5.2]), but inverse associations with perfluorononanoate (weight: −6.0 kg [95% CI: −8.5, −3.5]; WC: −1.8 cm [95% CI: −3.2, −0.3]; TFM: −0.8 kg [95% CI: −1.5, −0.1]; TBFM: −1.4 kg [95% CI: −2.7, −0.3]) and perfluorohexane sulfonate (TFM: −0.8 kg [95% CI: −1.5, −0.1]; TBFM: −1.4 kg [95% CI: −2.6, −0.2]). No associations were observed with the overall PFAS mixture.ConclusionSelect PFAS, assessed in pregnancy, may differentially affect maternal midlife adiposity, influencing later-life maternal cardiometabolic health.
Somatic ActivatingESR1Mutation in an Aggressive Prolactinoma
Authors: Paes Ticiana , Buelvas Mebarak Jacobo , Magnotto John C , Stamatiades George A , Kuang Yanan , Paweletz Cloud P , Laws Edward R , Grosek Natalie , Carroll Rona S , Jeselsohn Rinath , Mohan Dipika R , Marcondes Lerario Antonio , Truong Minh T , Bi Wenya Linda , Reardon David A , Meredith David M , Kaiser Ursula B , Abreu Ana Paula 
Published: September 2024

AbstractContext and ObjectiveThe genetic profile of prolactinomas remains poorly understood. Our objective is to identify somatic genetic alterations associated with prolactinomas and to report the identification of an activating ESR1 mutation (ESR1Y537S) in an aggressive prolactinoma.SettingBrigham and Women's Hospital.DesignMassively parallel-sequencing panel (OncoPanel) was performed in a cohort of patients with prolactinomas to identify mutations and copy number variation.ResultsTwenty subjects (mean age, 38.6 years; 12 women and 8 men) were included in this study. A somatic ESR1Y537S mutation was identified in an aggressive prolactinoma in a postmenopausal woman. No SF3B1 or other somatic mutations were identified. The median number of copy number variation events identified in our samples was 46; the prolactinoma with ESR1Y537S had the highest number with 233 events. In breast cancer, ESR1Y537S has been shown to activate estrogen receptor alpha independent of ligand binding. In patients with resistant breast cancer and ESR1Y537S, elacestrant, a second-line estrogen receptor degrader, improves progression-free survival. Therefore, given the lack of response to multimodality therapies, elacestrant was initiated in this patient after the third cycle of radiotherapy. Elacestrant, along with radiotherapy, controlled tumor growth and significantly reduced prolactin levels.ConclusionMolecular profiling allowed the identification of ESR1Y537S, in an aggressive prolactinoma. ESR1Y537S was not detected early in the course of the disease and is likely conferring tumor aggressiveness. This finding emphasizes the significance of estrogen receptor signaling in prolactinomas. It also allowed the use of targeted therapy with successful control of disease progression.
miR-31-mediated local translation at the mitotic spindle is important for early development
Authors: Remsburg Carolyn M. , Konrad Kalin D. , Testa Michael D. , Stepicheva Nadezda , Lee Kelvin , Choe Leila H. , Polson Shawn , Bhavsar Jaysheel , Huang Hongzhan , Song Jia L. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
miR-31 is a highly conserved microRNA that plays crucial roles in cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. We discovered that miR-31 and some of its validated targets are enriched on the mitotic spindle of the dividing sea urchin embryo and mammalian cells. Using the sea urchin embryo, we found that miR-31 inhibition led to developmental delay correlated with increased cytoskeletal and chromosomal defects. We identified miR-31 to directly suppress several actin remodeling transcripts, including β-actin, Gelsolin, Rab35 and Fascin. De novo translation of Fascin occurs at the mitotic spindle of sea urchin embryos and mammalian cells. Importantly, miR-31 inhibition leads to a significant a increase of newly translated Fascin at the spindle of dividing sea urchin embryos. Forced ectopic localization of Fascin transcripts to the cell membrane and translation led to significant developmental and chromosomal segregation defects, highlighting the importance of the regulation of local translation by miR-31 at the mitotic spindle to ensure proper cell division. Furthermore, miR-31-mediated post-transcriptional regulation at the mitotic spindle may be an evolutionarily conserved regulatory paradigm of mitosis.
Live yeasts accelerate Drosophila melanogaster larval development
Authors: Jiménez-Padilla Yanira , Adewusi Babafemi , Lachance Marc-André , Sinclair Brent J. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Insect guts house a complex community of microbes that affect host physiology, performance and behavior. Gut microbiome research has largely focused on bacteria–host symbioses and paid less attention to other taxa, such as yeasts. We found that axenic Drosophila melanogaster (reared free of microbes) develops from egg to adult more slowly (ca. 13 days) than those with a natural microbiota (ca. 11.5 days). Here, we showed that live yeasts are present and reproducing in the guts of flies and that the fast development time can be restored by inoculating larvae with a single yeast species (either Saccharomyces cerevisiae or Lachancea kluyveri). Nutritional supplements (either heat-killed yeasts, or a mix of essential vitamins and amino acids) slightly sped the development of axenic flies (to ca. 12.5 days), but not to the same extent as live yeasts. During the first two instars, this acceleration appears to result from additional macronutrient availability, but during the third instar, when most growth occurs, live yeasts increased feeding rate, implying an effect mediated by the gut–brain axis. Thus, the fly–yeast interaction extends beyond yeasts-as-food to yeasts as beneficial interactive symbionts.
Απόψεις και στάσεις εκπαιδευτικών πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης (ΠΕ60, 70) ως προς τη χρησιμότητα και την εφαρμογή της ασύγχρονης τηλεκπαίδευσης μετά την πανδημία
Authors: Ξαφάκος Ευστάθιος Γεώργιος , Τζήλου Γεωργία , Πασιόπουλος Γεώργιος , Βάσιου Αικατερίνη 
Published: September 2024

Στην παρούσα έρευνα διερευνήθηκαν οι απόψεις και οι στάσεις 118 εκπαιδευτικών πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης ως προς τη χρησιμότητα της ασύγχρονης μορφής εκπαίδευσης μετά την πανδημία, καθώς και η αντιλαμβανόμενη αυτοαποτελεσματικότητά τους ως προς τη χρήση και την εφαρμογή της. Οι αναλύσεις των πρωτογενών δεδομένων φανερώνουν ότι το 30% των συμμετεχόντων εφάρμοσε λίγο την ασύγχρονη τηλεκπαίδευση και το 55% αναγνωρίζει τη χρησιμότητα της ασύγχρονης τηλεκπαίδευσης, με τις/τους εκπαιδευτικούς ΠΕ70 να εκφράζονται πιο θετικά σε σχέση με τις/τους εκπαιδευτικούς ΠΕ60. Επίσης, το 45,8% δηλώνει ότι είναι αποτελεσματικό ως προς την εφαρμογή της. Ακόμη, όσοι/όσες εφάρμοσαν με μεγαλύτερη συχνότητα την ασύγχρονη τηλεκπαίδευση αναγνωρίζουν σε μεγαλύτερο βαθμό τη χρησιμότητά της, καθώς επίσης εκφράζονται πιο θετικά ως προς την αντιλαμβανόμενη αυτοαποτελεσματικότητά τους. Τέλος, εντοπίστηκε μέτρια θετική συσχέτιση μεταξύ της χρησιμότητας και της αντιλαμβανόμενης αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας.
1969 – 1979 Η εξέλιξη της εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευσης
Authors: Διονυσίου Δέσποινα , Λιοναράκης Αντώνης 
Published: September 2024

Η τρέχουσα έρευνα έχει σκοπό να αναδείξει την κατάσταση που επικρατούσε στον τομέα της εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευσης τη δεκαετία του '70. Βασική πηγή της έρευνάς μας αποτέλεσαν οι ογδόντα ανακοινώσεις που παρουσιάστηκαν κατά τη διάρκεια του Διεθνούς Συνεδρίου με τίτλο "The Open University Conference on the Education of Adults at a Distance", το οποίο έλαβε χώρα στο Λονδίνο, στο Birmingham Metropole Hotel, στις 18-25 Νοεμβρίου του 1979. Οι ανακοινώσεις αυτές είναι διαθέσιμες σε έντυπη μορφή μόνο. Στόχος μας είναι να αποτυπώσουμε τις συγγραφικές και θεματολογικές τάσεις που διαμορφώνονται στον επιστημονικό χώρο της εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευσης ώστε το κείμενο μας να αποτελέσει μια σημαντική συμβολή στην κατανόηση της εξέλιξης της εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευσης κατά τη δεκαετία του '70 και τις αρχές του '80. Τα αποτελέσματά μας προέκυψαν από τη διερεύνηση των στοιχείων της ταυτότητας των συγγραφέων-ερευνητών, συμπεριλαμβανομένων του φύλου, της χώρας προέλευσης, της επαγγελματικής τους ιδιότητας και των ερευνητικών τους ενδιαφερόντων. Οι ομιλητές του συνεδρίου κατάγονταν από διάφορες χώρες, προσφέροντας μια ποικιλόμορφη εικόνα της κατάστασης που επικρατούσε στον τομέα της εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευσης στις αντίστοιχες χώρες.
Σχεδιασμός και Υλοποίηση ενός xMOOC για την εξ Αποστάσεως Απόκτηση Χειραπτικών Δεξιοτήτων στον Χειρισμό του Φωτονικού Μικροσκοπίου
Authors: Παξινού Ευγενία , Μητρόπουλος Κωνσταντίνος , Ζαφειρόπουλος Βασίλειος , Καλλές Δημήτριος 
Published: September 2024

Σκοπός του συγκεκριμένου άρθρου είναι η παρουσίαση του τρόπου σχεδιασμού ενός Μαζικού Ανοικτού Διαδικτυακού Μαθήματος (Massive Open Online Course - MOOC) με τίτλο «Φωτονική Μικροσκοπία: Τα μέρη ενός Φωτονικού Μικροσκοπίου», στο πλαίσιο των Ανοικτών Μαθημάτων που προσφέρει το Ελληνικό Ανοικτό Πανεπιστήμιο (ΕΑΠ) μέσω της πλατφόρμας Learn. Η ιδιαιτερότητα και η συνεισφορά του συγκεκριμένου MOOC βασίζεται στο γεγονός ότι εκτός από το έντυπο εκπαιδευτικό υλικό, τα βίντεο και τα κουίζ αξιολόγησης, προσφέρει στους εκπαιδευομένους την εμπειρία να γνωρίσουν και να εξασκηθούν στη χρήση του μικροσκοπίου αλληλεπιδρώντας με ένα εικονικό μικροσκόπιο. Η αλληλεπίδραση αυτή δίνει τη δυνατότητα στους χρήστες να αποκτήσουν με μία εξ αποστάσεως διεργασία, εργαστηριακές δεξιότητες οι οποίες παραδοσιακά διδάσκονται σε ένα εργαστήριο με τη φυσική παρουσία των εκπαιδευόμενων και του υπεύθυνου εργαστηρίου. Ο σχεδιασμός και η υλοποίησή του πολυμορφικού υλικού του ΜΟΟC βασίστηκε στην τυπολογία West & Lionarakis η οποία παρέχει κατευθυντήριες αρχές σχετικά με την ανάπτυξη εκπαιδευτικού υλικού στην εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευση. Το εν λόγω MOOC απευθύνεται σε εκπαιδευομένους που επιθυμούν να αποκτήσουν ή να ανανεώσουν τις δεξιότητές τους ως προς τον χειρισμό του φωτονικού μικροσκοπίου. Το δυνητικό του κοινό είναι ευρύ και η δυνατότητα επαναχρησιμοποίησης του συγκεκριμένου μαθησιακού αντικειμένου σε διαφορετικά εκπαιδευτικά πλαίσια τυπικής και άτυπης εκπαίδευσης, είναι μεγάλη. Ο τρόπος σχεδιασμού του συγκεκριμένου MOOC συνάδει με τη θεωρία μάθησης του συμπεριφορισμού κατηγοριοποιώντας το στα xMOOCs. Παρότι παρέχει στον εκπαιδευόμενο δομημένες πληροφορίες, μέσω μιας βασικής δραστηριότητας προσομοίωσης το εν λόγω MOOC προωθεί τη διάδραση, την αυτονομία και την ανεξαρτησία στη μάθηση, συμβάλλοντας στην ανοικοδόμηση της γνώσης. Ταυτόχρονα αξιοποιεί μία τεχνολογία αιχμής, όπως είναι η εικονική πραγματικότητα, για να μεταφέρει εξ αποστάσεως και με μία καινοτόμα και σύγχρονη διδακτική προσέγγιση, χειραπτικές (hands-on) εργαστηριακές δεξιότητες.
Asset sharing in healthcare sectors: part two—an examination of unintended patient outcomes
Authors: Rothert-Schnell Caroline , Böddeker Sebastian , Walsh Gianfranco 
Published: September 2024

Background/Aims Asset sharing is becoming increasingly common in the healthcare sector. However, its specific applications to the healthcare sector and the potential unintended consequences have not received adequate research attention. This is the second study in a two-part research effort looking at the unintended consequences of asset sharing, particularly when the decision to share assets is made by the healthcare service provider, rather than the service user. This study aimed to assess the potential mediating role of patients' perceptions of contamination in shared healthcare assets on patient satisfaction with the physician and the treatment decision, intention to use the service again and willingness to recommend the service to others. Methods This was an experimental study with 261 participants, recruited from the general population via an online crowdsourcing platform and randomly assigned to one of three conditions. All participants read a vignette scenario in which a physician recommends surgery for knee problems. In the non-sharing condition, the physician explains that the operating room is used by their practice only. In the two sharing conditions, the physician explains that the room is used by five or 10 other practices. After reading the scenarios, participants' perceived contamination was measured using a seven-item semantic scale tool. Participants' satisfaction with the physician and their treatment decision, intention to use the service again and willingness to recommend the service to others were measured using 7-point Likert scales. The SPSS macro PROCESS model 4 with Helmert coding was used to analyse the data. Results There was a positive association between perceived contamination and sharing with both five other practices (b=0.40; P=0.01) and 10 other practices (b=0.42; P=0.02) among participants. There were negative associations between perceived contamination and predictions of satisfaction with the physician (b=-0.30; P=0.00), satisfaction with the physician's treatment decision (b=-0.30; P=0.00), intention to use the physician's service again (b=-0.34; P=0.00) and willingness to recommend the service to others (b=-0.36; P=0.00). Conclusions This study indicates that perceived contamination is a key factor to consider when exploring and addressing the unintended effects of asset sharing in healthcare. Healthcare organisations should consider strategies to reassure patients and reduce the impact of perceived contamination on patients' perceptions of services that use shared assets.