bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Effects of Plyometric and Resistance Training on Running Economy in Trained Runners
Authors: Marcello Richard T. , Greer Beau K. , Greer Anna E. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Marcello, RT, Greer, BK, and Greer, AE. Acute effects of plyometric and resistance training on running economy in trained runners. J Strength Cond Res 31(9): 2432–2437, 2017—Results regarding the acute effects of plyometrics and resistance training (PRT) on running economy (RE) are conflicting. Eight male collegiate distance runners (21 ± 1 years, 62.5 ± 7.8 ml·kg−1·min−1 V̇o
2 peak) completed V̇o
2 peak and 1 repetition maximum (1RM) testing. Seven days later, subjects completed a 12 minutes RE test at 60 and 80% V̇o
2 peak, followed by a PRT protocol or a rested condition of equal duration (CON). The PRT protocol consisted of 3 sets of 5 repetitions at 85% 1RM for barbell squats, Romanian deadlifts, and barbell lunges; the same volume was used for resisted lateral lunges, box jumps, and depth jumps. Subjects completed another RE test immediately after the treatments and 24 hours later. Subjects followed an identical protocol 6 days later with condition assignment reversed. Running economy was determined by both relative V̇o
2 (ml·kg−1·min−1) and energy expenditure (EE) (kcal·min−1). There was a significant (p ≤ 0.05) between-trial increase in V̇o
2 (37.1 ± 4.2 ml·kg−1·min−1 PRT vs. 35.5 ± 3.9 ml·kg−1·min−1 CON) and EE (11.4 ± 1.3 kcal·min−1 PRT vs. 11.0 ± 1.4 kcal·min−1 CON) immediately after PRT at 60% V̇o
2 peak, but no significant changes were observed at 80% V̇o
2 peak. Respiratory exchange ratio was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced 24 hours after PRT (0.93 ± 0.0) as compared to the CON trial (0.96 ± 0.0) at 80% V̇o
2 peak. Results indicate that high-intensity PRT may acutely impair RE in aerobically trained individuals at a moderate running intensity, but that the attenuation lasts less than 24 hours in duration.
Nitric Oxide Modulates HCN Channels in Magnocellular Neurons of the Supraoptic Nucleus of Rats by an S-Nitrosylation-Dependent Mechanism
Authors: Pires da Silva Melina , de Almeida Moraes Davi José , Mecawi André de Souza , Rodrigues José Antunes , Varanda Wamberto Antonio 
Published: November 2016

The control of the excitability in magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNCs) of the supraoptic nucleus has been attributed mainly to synaptic inputs from circunventricular organs. However, nitric oxide (NO), a gaseous messenger produced in this nucleus during isotonic and short-term hypertonic conditions, is an example of a modulator that can act directly on MNCs to modulate their firing rate. NO inhibits the electrical excitability of MNCs, leading to a decrease in the release of vasopressin and oxytocin. Although the effects of NO on MNCs are well established, the mechanism by which this gas produces its effect is, so far, unknown. Because NO acts independently of synaptic inputs, we hypothesized that ion channels present in MNCs are the targets of NO. To investigate this hypothesis, we used the patch-clamp techniquein vitroandin situto measure currents carried by hyperpolarization-activated and nucleotide-gated cation (HCN) channels and establish their role in determining the electrical excitability of MNCs in rats. Our results show that blockade of HCN channels by ZD7288 decreases MNC firing rate with significant consequences on the release of OT and VP, measured by radioimmunoassay. NO induced a significant reduction in HCN currents by binding to cysteine residues and forming S-nitrosothiol complexes. These findings shed new light on the mechanisms that control the electrical excitability of MNCs via the nitrergic system and strengthen the importance of HCN channels in the control of hydroelectrolyte homeostasis.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCells in our organism live in a liquid environment whose composition and osmolality are maintained within tight limits. Magnocellular neurons (MNCs) of the supra optic nucleus can sense osmolality and control the synthesis and secretion of vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) by the neurohypophysis. OT and VP act on the kidneys controlling the excretion of water and sodium to maintain homeostasis. Here we combined electrophysiology, molecular biology, and radioimmunoassay to show that the electrical activity of MNCs can be controlled by nitric oxide (NO), a gaseous messenger. NO reacts with cysteine residues (S-nitrosylation) on hyperpolarization-activated and nucleotide-gated cation channels decreasing the firing rate of MNCs and the consequent secretion of VP and OT.
Consistency of Border-Ownership Cells across Artificial Stimuli, Natural Stimuli, and Stimuli with Ambiguous Contours
Authors: Hesse Janis K. , Tsao Doris Y. 
Published: November 2016

Segmentation and recognition of objects in a visual scene are two problems that are hard to solve separately from each other. When segmenting an ambiguous scene, it is helpful to already know the present objects and their shapes. However, for recognizing an object in clutter, one would like to consider its isolated segment alone to avoid confounds from features of other objects. Border-ownership cells (Zhou et al., 2000) appear to play an important role in segmentation, as they signal the side-of-figure of artificial stimuli. The present work explores the role of border-ownership cells in dorsal macaque visual areas V2 and V3 in the segmentation of natural object stimuli and locally ambiguous stimuli. We report two major results. First, compared with previous estimates, we found a smaller percentage of cells that were consistent across artificial stimuli used previously. Second, we found that the average response of those neurons that did respond consistently to the side-of-figure of artificial stimuli also consistently signaled, as a population, the side-of-figure for borders of single faces, occluding faces and, with higher latencies, even stimuli with illusory contours, such as Mooney faces and natural faces completely missing local edge information. In contrast, the local edge or the outlines of the face alone could not always evoke a significant border-ownership signal. Our results underscore that border ownership is coded by a population of cells, and indicate that these cells integrate a variety of cues, including low-level features and global object context, to compute the segmentation of the scene.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTo distinguish different objects in a natural scene, the brain must segment the image into regions corresponding to objects. The so-called “border-ownership” cells appear to be dedicated to this task, as they signal for a given edge on which side the object is that owns it. Here, we report that individual border-ownership cells are unreliable when tested across a battery of artificial stimuli used previously but can signal border-ownership consistently as a population. We show that these border-ownership population signals are also suited for signaling border-ownership for natural objects and at longer latency, even for stimuli without local edge information. Our results suggest that border-ownership cells integrate both local, low-level and global, high-level cues to segment the scene.
Converging, Synergistic Actions of Multiple Stress Hormones Mediate Enduring Memory Impairments after Acute Simultaneous Stresses
Authors: Chen Yuncai , Molet Jenny , Lauterborn Julie C. , Trieu Brian H. , Bolton Jessica L. , Patterson Katelin P. , Gall Christine M. , Lynch Gary , Baram Tallie Z. 
Published: November 2016

Stress influences memory, an adaptive process crucial for survival. During stress, hippocampal synapses are bathed in a mixture of stress-released molecules, yet it is unknown whether or how these interact to mediate the effects of stress on memory. Here, we demonstrate novel synergistic actions of corticosterone and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) on synaptic physiology and dendritic spine structure that mediate the profound effects of acute concurrent stresses on memory. Spatial memory in mice was impaired enduringly after acute concurrent stresses resulting from loss of synaptic potentiation associated with disrupted structure of synapse-bearing dendritic spines. Combined application of the stress hormones corticosterone and CRH recapitulated the physiological and structural defects provoked by acute stresses. Mechanistically, corticosterone and CRH, via their cognate receptors, acted synergistically on the spine-actin regulator RhoA, promoting its deactivation and degradation, respectively, and destabilizing spines. Accordingly, blocking the receptors of both hormones, but not each alone, rescued memory. Therefore, the synergistic actions of corticosterone and CRH at hippocampal synapses underlie memory impairments after concurrent and perhaps also single, severe acute stresses, with potential implications to spatial memory dysfunction in, for example, posttraumatic stress disorder.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTStress influences memory, an adaptive process crucial for survival. During stress, adrenal corticosterone and hippocampal corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) permeate memory-forming hippocampal synapses, yet it is unknown whether (and how) these hormones interact to mediate effects of stress. Here, we demonstrate novel synergistic actions of corticosterone and CRH on hippocampal synaptic plasticity and spine structure that mediate the memory-disrupting effects of stress. Combined application of both hormones provoked synaptic function collapse and spine disruption. Mechanistically, corticosterone and CRH synergized at the spine-actin regulator RhoA, promoting its deactivation and degradation, respectively, and destabilizing spines. Notably, blocking both hormones, but not each alone, prevented the enduring memory problems after acute concurrent stresses. Therefore, synergistic actions of corticosterone and CRH underlie enduring memory impairments after concurrent acute stresses, which might be relevant to spatial memory deficits described in posttraumatic stress disorder.
The Spike-and-Slab Lasso Generalized Linear Models for Prediction and Associated Genes Detection
Authors: Tang Zaixiang , Shen Yueping , Zhang Xinyan , Yi Nengjun 
Published: November 2016

AbstractLarge-scale “omics” data have been increasingly used as an important resource for prognostic prediction of diseases and detection of associated genes. However, there are considerable challenges in analyzing high-dimensional molecular data, including the large number of potential molecular predictors, limited number of samples, and small effect of each predictor. We propose new Bayesian hierarchical generalized linear models, called spike-and-slab lasso GLMs, for prognostic prediction and detection of associated genes using large-scale molecular data. The proposed model employs a spike-and-slab mixture double-exponential prior for coefficients that can induce weak shrinkage on large coefficients, and strong shrinkage on irrelevant coefficients. We have developed a fast and stable algorithm to fit large-scale hierarchal GLMs by incorporating expectation-maximization (EM) steps into the fast cyclic coordinate descent algorithm. The proposed approach integrates nice features of two popular methods, i.e., penalized lasso and Bayesian spike-and-slab variable selection. The performance of the proposed method is assessed via extensive simulation studies. The results show that the proposed approach can provide not only more accurate estimates of the parameters, but also better prediction. We demonstrate the proposed procedure on two cancer data sets: a well-known breast cancer data set consisting of 295 tumors, and expression data of 4919 genes; and the ovarian cancer data set from TCGA with 362 tumors, and expression data of 5336 genes. Our analyses show that the proposed procedure can generate powerful models for predicting outcomes and detecting associated genes. The methods have been implemented in a freely available R package BhGLM (http://www.ssg.uab.edu/bhglm/).
Annual Economic Burden of Productivity Losses Among Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancers
Authors: Guy Gery P. , Berkowitz Zahava , Ekwueme Donatus U. , Rim Sun Hee , Yabroff K. Robin 
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Although adult survivors of childhood cancers have poorer health and greater health limitations than other adults, substantial gaps remain in understanding the economic consequences of surviving childhood cancer. Therefore, we estimated the economic burden of productivity losses among adult survivors of childhood cancers.

METHODS:
We examined health status, functional limitations, and productivity loss among adult survivors of childhood cancers (n = 239) diagnosed at ≤14 years of age compared with adults without a history of cancer (n = 304 265) by using the 2004–2014 National Health Interview Survey. We estimated economic burden using the productivity loss from health-related unemployment, missed work days, missed household productivity, and multivariable regression models controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, comorbidities, and survey year.

RESULTS:
Childhood cancer survivorship is associated with a substantial economic burden. Adult survivors of childhood cancers are more likely to be in poorer health, need assistance with personal care and routine needs, have work limitations, be unable to work because of health, miss more days of work, and have greater household productivity loss compared with adults without a history of cancer (all P &lt; .05). The annual productivity loss for adult survivors of childhood cancer is $8169 per person compared with $3083 per person for individuals without a history of cancer.

CONCLUSIONS:
These findings underscore the importance of efforts to reduce the health and economic burden among adult survivors of childhood cancer. In addition, this study highlights the potential productivity losses that could be avoided during adulthood from the prevention of childhood cancer in the United States.
The Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Risk of Cancer in Adulthood: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Holman Dawn M. , Ports Katie A. , Buchanan Natasha D. , Hawkins Nikki A. , Merrick Melissa T. , Metzler Marilyn , Trivers Katrina F. 
Published: November 2016

CONTEXT:
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can affect health and well-being across the life course.

OBJECTIVE:
This systematic review summarizes the literature on associations between ACEs and risk of cancer in adulthood.

DATA SOURCES:
We searched PubMed to identify relevant publications published on or before May 31, 2015.

STUDY SELECTION:
We included original research quantifying the association between ACEs and adult cancer incidence. Case reports and reviews were excluded.

DATA ABSTRACTION:
Two reviewers independently abstracted and summarized key information (eg, ACE type, cancer type, risk estimates) from included studies and resolved all discrepancies.

RESULTS:
Twelve studies were included in the review. In studies in which ACE summary scores were calculated, significant associations were observed between the scores and an increased risk of cancer in adulthood. Of the different types of ACEs examined, physical and psychological abuse victimization were associated with risk of any cancer in 3 and 2 studies, respectively. Two studies also reported significant associations with regard to sexual abuse victimization (1 for cervical cancer and 1 for any cancer). However, 2 other studies reported no significant associations between childhood sexual or physical abuse and incidence of cervical or breast cancer.

LIMITATIONS:
Because of heterogeneity across studies, we were unable to compute a summary effect estimate.

CONCLUSIONS:
These findings suggest that childhood adversity in various forms may increase a person’s cancer risk. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms driving this relationship and to identify opportunities to prevent and mitigate the deleterious effects of early adversity on long-term health.
Perspectivas teóricas e críticas nas literaturas africanas & a perspectiva pós-colonial
Authors: Leite Ana Mafalda 
Published: November 2016

O ensaio discute duas linhas de força nos estudos críticos africanos, a afrocentrista e a eurocentrista, que aglutinam vários e diferentes períodos do século XX, e contribuíram para uma certa percepção e constituição de um cânone crítico africano e aponta para a inovação dos estudos pós-coloniais.
Correlation of Coagulation Pathway Parameters with BNP, Ejection Fraction and NYHA Class in Heart Failure
Authors: Nair Nandini , Gongora Enrique 
Published: November 2016

<p>Abstract</p><p> </p><p>Background</p><p>The upregulation of inflammation and coagulation in addition to the sympathetic nervous system is known and reported in congestive heart failure. This study was undertaken to assess the correlations of the changes in coagulation parameters with functional class, ejection fraction and brain natriuretic peptide levels.</p><p> </p><p>Methods</p><p>A small prospective study was conducted in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients.</p><p>The protocol was approved by the Hospital IRB ( Scott and White Memorial, Temple, TX 76508). Statistical analysis was conducted using the online Vassar stats system . Spearman’s rank order correlation was derived for all the correlations mentioned in this paper.</p><p> </p><p>Results</p><p>PT, PTT, INR and d-dimer levels were significantly different in the two groups and correlated positively and significantly with BNP and New York Heart Association class . Statistically significant negative correlation was noted with ejection fraction. fibrinogen levels did not correlate significantly with BNP, New York Heart Association class or ejection fraction.</p><p> </p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Coagulation pathway parameters correlate significantly with BNP, functional class and ejection fraction in this study. The study is limited by its size and the fact that only dilated non- ischemic cardiomyopathy patients were included. Larger studies are required to further understand the complex interactions of biochemical pathways noted in heart failure.</p><p> </p>
Limited Sanguineous Reperfusion Reduces Ventricular Fibrillation Following Intermittent Cold Crystalloid Cardioplegic Arrest.
Authors: Manché Alexander , Sladden David , Casha Aaron , Camilleri Liberato 
Published: November 2016

SourceURL:file://localhost/Users/alex/Desktop/ICFJ%20VF%20submission/Abstract.doc<p><strong>Background</strong></p><p>Cold crystalloid cardioplegic arrest does not allow for a controlled hyperkalaemic sanguineous reperfusate, administered under constant flow and pressure conditions in order to limit reperfusion injury. We investigated the use of intermittent, antegrade cold crystalloid cardioplegia combined with a limited flow normokalaemic sanguineous reperfusion and measured the outcome in terms of the incidence of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Methods</strong></p><p>Patients requiring coronary revascularization of at least two coronary arteries, including an internal thoracic artery (ITA) anastomosis, were studied in this prospective randomized trial. Myocardial protection was by intermittent, antegrade cold crystalloid cardioplegia. In the control group (n=100), after completion of the distal anastomoses, the heart was reperfused by releasing the aortic and ITA clamps concomitantly. In the study group (n=100) the ITA was allowed to perfuse the heart for 3 minutes before the aortic cross-clamp was removed. The presence of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation from the moment of reperfusion until weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass was recorded.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Results</strong></p><p>The incidence of ventricular fibrillation decreased with an increase in the number of grafts and was significantly lower in the study group (double grafts 2/9, 22.2% vs 19/25, 76.0% <em>p</em>=0.004; triple grafts 2/39, 4.9% vs 16/33, 48.5% <em>p</em>&lt;0.001; and quadruple grafts 2/45, 4.4% vs 13/35, 28.7% <em>p</em>&lt;0.001).</p><p> </p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p><p>This strategy of myocardial protection combines the advantages of conventional crystalloid cardioplegia with the added benefit of limited sanguineous reperfusion. The results suggest a beneficial effect with regard to reperfusion-induced injury, as evidenced by a significantly reduced incidence of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation.</p>
Experiencia de Dios como Experiencia de Sentido: algunas consideraciones desde la perspectiva de W. Kasper
Authors: Vidal Kreti Sanhueza , Diaz Sandro Paredes 
Published: November 2016

Resumo: este artigo expõe o conceito de experiência de Deus como uma experiência de sentido a partir dos desdobramentos teológicos de Walter Kasper. Esta perspectiva pretende ser uma alternativa para superar a dicotomia entre a experiência humana cotidiana e a experiência do absoluto, almejando, assim, aproximando-se da experiência de fé dos homens e mulheres de hoje.
Palavras-chave: experiência. experiência de Deus. sentido, teologia.
Religião e Gênero: autopercepção da mulher na romaria de Bom Jesus da Lapa
Authors: S. de Oliveira Sandra Célio Coelho Gomes da Silva , Lemos Carolina Teles 
Published: November 2016

Resumo: apresenta-se uma análise da auto percepção da mulher na Romaria do Bom Jesus da Lapa, que se realiza há 323 anos, enfatizando a perspectiva de gênero. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são mulheres romeiras que se enquadram na faixa etária entre 50 e 70 anos de idade e participam, há mais de cinco anos consecutivos da Romaria, pertencentes a cinco Estados brasileiros (Bahia, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Espírito Santo e Goiás) que registram um maior índice de participação nesse evento religioso. Utilizamos como metodologia a observação participante e a entrevista semiestruturada. Entende-se que a Romaria se apresenta como um espaço de alternância entre a permanência e a transformação da identidade de gênero oriunda do patriarcalismo.
Palavras-chave: Romaria. Gênero. Patriarcado.
A Psicanálise como Espiritualidade Não-religiosa: uma aproximação
Authors: De Assis Cleber Lizardo 
Published: November 2016

Resumo: propõe-se que seja a Psicanálise, além de um procedimento, método e teoria, uma forma de Espiritualidade Não-Religiosa. Faz-se análise de autores psicanalistas que tratam da Psicanálise dentro da tradição judaica, da dissensão entre doxa e episteme em Freud e aponta-se uma aproximação interpretativa das lacunas subjetivas no discurso freudiano (seu dizer-desdizer sobre a religião), sobre os quais operamos uma análise.
Palavras-chave: Psicanálise. Espiritualidade. Religião.
The current state of bioeconomy in Poland
Authors: Woźniak Ewa , Twardowski Tomasz 
Published: November 2016

Conversion of scientific achievements to market product is a key issue and the best description of significance of science for society. In case of Polish nature science we observe a high intellectual potential of researchers and several scientific discoveries. However, Polish inventions are very rarely obtainable on the market and the number of national and international patent applications done by Polish scientists is very limited. For the development of bioeconomy the progress in biotechnology is critical.