bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addition of hydrochlorothiazide to angiotensin receptor blocker therapy can achieve a lower sodium balance with no acceleration of intrarenal renin angiotensin system in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Fuwa Daisuke , Fukuda Michio , Ogiyama Yoshiaki , Sato Ryo , Mizuno Masashi , Miura Toshiyuki , Abe-Dohmae Sumiko , Michikawa Makoto , Kobori Hiroyuki , Ohte Nobuyuki 
Published: June 2016

Objective: Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) produce a lower sodium (Na) balance, and the natriuretic effect is enhanced under Na deprivation, despite falls in blood pressure (BP) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Methods: The effect of additional hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ; 12.5 mg/day) to ARB treatment (valsartan; 80 mg/day) on glomerulotubular Na balance was evaluated in 23 patients with chronic kidney disease. Results: Add-on HCTZ decreased GFR, tubular Na load, and tubular Na reabsorption (tNa), although 24-hour urinary Na excretion (UNaV) remained constant. Daily urinary angiotensinogen excretion (UAGTV, 152±10→82±17 μg/g Cre) reduced ( p=0.02). Changes in tubular Na load ( r2=0.26) and tNa ( r2=0.25) correlated with baseline 24-hour UAGTV. Changes in filtered Na load correlated with changes in nighttime systolic BP ( r2=0.17), but not with changes in daytime systolic BP. The change in the tNa to filtered Na load ratio was influenced by the change in daytime UNaV (β=−0.67, F=16.8), rather than the change in nighttime UNaV. Conclusions: Lower Na balance was produced by add-on HCTZ to ARB treatment without an increase of intra-renal renin-angiotensin system activity, leading to restoration of nocturnal hypertension. A further study is needed to demonstrate that the reduction of UAGTV by additional diuretics to ARBs prevents the progression of nephropathy or cardiovascular events.
Early Childhood Dental Problems
Authors: Crowe M. , O’Sullivan A. , McGrath C. , Cassetti O. , Swords L. , O’Sullivan M. 
Published: June 2016

Investigations into the wider bioecological understanding of dental problems in early childhood are limited in national surveys. Classification tree analysis (CTA) was used to explore multilevel interactions among key aspects of child and primary caregiver (PCG) psychosocial and physical health affecting dental problems in preschool children. Data were derived from the Growing Up in Ireland study, a nationally representative sample of 9-mo-olds (N = 11,134) in 2007/2008 followed up at age 3 y (N = 9,793) in 2010/2011. Analysis included PCG reports of children’s dental problems, general health, temperament, emotional and behavioral difficulties, and their own general health, stress and depression, relationship, and sociodemographic variables. Misclassification costs were specified for the model by applying a higher penalty for misclassifying those with a dental problem (minority class). Logistic regression analyses were carried out for comparison. Dental problems were reported among 302 infants (2.7%) at 9 mo of age and 493 children (5.0%) at 3 y. CTA identified infant temperament (Infant Characteristics Questionnaire unpredictable) as the primary predictor of dental problems at 9 mo and child global health at 3 y of age. First-level predictors were PCG depression score and use of a soother at 9 mo and PCG ethnicity and unscheduled hospital visits at 3 y of age. Regression analyses results supported the most important predictors at 9 mo and 3 y of age. The CTA model for 9-mo-old infants had a specificity of 90.4%, sensitivity of 31.2%, and overall accuracy of 88.8% while that for 3-y-olds had a specificity of 58.5%, sensitivity of 66%, and overall accuracy of 59%. Key aspects of infant/child and PCG health, as well as psychosocial characteristics associated with reported dental problems, should be considered in future multidisciplinary approaches to child health. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this data analysis should help raise awareness among clinicians of how primary caregiver and child psychosocial and general health factors are associated with early childhood dental problems, even before the primary dentition is complete. Classification tree analysis visually demonstrates how factors such as infant temperament (9 mo) and child global health (3 y) can interact at multiple levels and affect different subgroups of the child population. Future intervention strategies for oral health should involve consideration of the psychological and general health characteristics of the young child and PCG at both the patient and population levels. This knowledge could assist decision makers adopt an integrated multidisciplinary approach in formulating a coherent oral health policy for preschool children.
Interpretation of sonotubometric data based on phase-shift detection
Authors: Amoako-Tuffour Yaw , Garland Philip , Bance Manohar 
Published: June 2016

Background Sonotubometry is a non-invasive means of assessing Eustachian tube (ET) function. Its interpretation remains a complex task with questionable results due to wide variation between trials. A study was conducted to ascertain whether the measurement of phase shift in sonotubometric signals would be a more reliable indicator of ET patency than fluctuating Sound Pressure Level (SPL). Methods The ears of six healthy participants and two participants with patulous ET (PET) were probed with a 100 Hz signal. Five recordings of SPL were performed at the external auditory canal. Cross-correlation was performed among filtered SPL signals and among extracted phase shift waveforms. Peak coefficients were averaged to provide a measure of waveform similarity between trials. Results Mean peak cross correlation coefficient for SPL signal measured 0.603 ± 0.057 Standard Error of Mean (SEM) whilst that for Phase-Shift signal measured 0.884 ± 0.027 (SEM). All normal participants demonstrated an observable phase change between the ear and nasal signal during swallowing indicating an acoustic impedance change during the event. For the PET patients tested, the phase measurements in ear and nasal signals follow one another reasonably closely, indicating little or no impedance change during swallowing. It is thought that this impedance change is indicative of opening of the ET in normal patients, and the lack impedance change indicates ET either remaining open or remaining closed throughout the swallow. Conclusions Experimental data suggest that phase-shift detection is a more consistent means of interpreting sonotubometric data than SPL analysis.
The prepulse inhibition deficit appearance is largely independent on the circadian cycle, body weight, and the gender of vasopressin deficient Brattleboro rat
Authors: Fodor A , Klausz B , Toth B , Zelena D 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Objective. A disturbance of sensorimotor gating measured by prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle (PPI) is one of the best tests of the schizophrenia-like behavior. Vasopressin was implicated in the development of schizophrenia; therefore, the naturally occurring vasopressin-deficient Brattleboro rat has been suggested to be a reliable non-pharmacological animal model. However, previous studies focusing on PPI deficit did not use proper control and despite clear gender differences in the development of the disorder, the effect of gender has been mostly neglected.

Methods. First, we compared the „noise” and „tone” type prepulse at 73-77-81 dB intensity during the light or dark phase using small (~150 g) or big (~500 g) Wistar rats. The test parameters were validated by a pharmacological schizophrenia model (30 mg/kg ketamine i.p.). Than male, female, and lactating vasopressin-deficient animals were compared with +/+ ones.

Results. We established that the prepulse “noise” type is not optimal for PPI testing. The cycle of the day as well as the body weight had no effect on PPI. Even if we compared vasopressin-deficient animals with their closely related +/+ controls, the PPI deficiency was visible with more pronounced effect at 77 dB prepulse intensity similarly to pharmacological schizophrenia model. Despite our expectation, the gender as well as lactation had no effect on the vasopressin-deficiency induced PPI deficit.

Conclusions. The present data confirmed and extended our previous studies that vasopressin-deficient rat is a good model of schizophrenia. It seems that female as well as lactating Brattleboro rats are useful tools for testing putative novel antipsychotics in line with special attention required for schizophrenic women.
Newly diagnosed primary hypothyroidism applicant with massive pericardial effusion and acute renal failure
Authors: Ates I , Kaplan M , Yilmaz N 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Objective. While non-symptomatic pericardial effusion is seen in primary hypothyroidism, massive pericardial effusion is a very rare finding. In the literature, newly diagnosed primary hypothyroidism cases presenting with massive pericardial effusion or acute renal failure are present, but we did not encounter any case first presenting with combination of two signs. In this case report, primary hypothyroidism case that presenting with massive pericardial effusion and acute renal failure will be discussed.

Subject and Results. Forty-eight years old male patient was hospitalized with shortness of breath, chest pain, swelling of the eyelids and bilateral limbs complaints. On chest radiograph heart shadow was deleted, pleural effusion was present until the middle zone of the left lung. Biochemical parameters (urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, sodium, potassium, creatine kinase, Troponin I, CK-MB, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, c-reactive protein) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH, 52.6 μg/ml), free triiodothyronine (T3, 0.61pg/ml), free thyroxine (T4, 0.12 ng/dl), anti thyroperoxydase (343 IU/ml), anti thyroglobulin (1604 IU/ml), were analyzed. The patient underwent pericardiocentesis. Levothyroxine treatment started with a dose of 0.05 mg per day and increased gradually until the optimum dose provided. At the end of the third month, the values of TSH, free T4, and free T3 were measured (2.3 μg/ml, 1.1 ng/dl, 2.54 pg/ml, respectively). The patient recovered completely and pericardial effusion was not detected in echocardiography.

Conclusion. Massive PE and acute renal failure due to primary hypothyroidism is a rare clinical condition. Primary hypothyroidism should be kept in mind in patients with symptoms like shortness of breath, chest pain, and generalized edema; moreover, when acute renal failure and PE were detected. It should be considered that patient’s biochemical parameters can improve starting from the two weeks after levothyroxine treatment started with pericardiocentesis in severe symptomatic patients.
Comparison of clinical and biochemical variables in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and their first-degree relatives with metabolic syndrome in Benin City, Nigeria: A cross sectional case controlled study
Authors: Ogedengbe S , Ezeani IU , Aihanuwa E 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Objective. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by a relative insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. It is also associated with a cluster of metabolic abnormalities, including hyper-tension and dyslipidemia. Although there are many studies that have studied the metabolic abnormalities in T2DM patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), only few of them have assessed the metabolic abnormalities in their first-degree relatives (FDRs) who had MetS. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical and biochemical variables in T2DM subjects and their FDRs without diabetes in Benin City, Nigeria.

Methods. This is a cross sectional case control study including 124 T2DM patients, 96 FDR of T2DM subjects, and 96 controls recruited using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire-administered technique. Variables of interest that were assessed included anthropometric indices like waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist:hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), proteinuria, and microalbuminuria. The 1999 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria were used to make a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. The Chi-square test was used for comparison of proportions. P-value of less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. The student t-test was used to compare means and test for significant differences in the anthropometric and the metabolic indices.

Results. The prevalence of the MetS in T2DM persons was 87.1%, 16.7% in the FDR group, and 13.5% in the control group according to the WHO criteria. The mean value of HbA1c was significantly higher in T2DM subjects with MetS (p<0.05). The mean values of WC, FPG, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol were higher in subjects with MetS in the T2DM group than in persons with MetS in the FDR group though not significant (p>0.05). The mean values of WHR, BMI, SBP, DBP, and triglyceride were higher in persons with the MetS in the FDR group than in persons with the MetS in the T2DM group. The difference in the BMI and SBP was significant (p<0.05).

Conclusion. The prevalence of MetS in subjects with T2DM in Nigeria is very high. Though, all the biochemical and clinical indices were higher in T2DM subjects with MetS, the mean HbA1c, BMI, and SBP was significantly higher when compared to their FDR who also have MetS.
Review of Millimeter-Wave Integrated Circuits With Low Power Consumption for High Speed Wireless Communications
Authors: Ellinger Frank , Fritsche David , Tretter Gregor , Leufker Jan Dirk , Yodprasit Uroschanit , Carta C. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In this paper we review high-speed radio-frequency integrated circuits operating up to 210 GHz and present selected state-of-the-art circuits with leading-edge performance, which we have designed at our chair. The following components are discussed employing bipolar complementary metal oxide semiconductors (BiCMOS) technologies: a 200 GHz amplifier with 17 dB gain and around 9 dB noise figure consuming only 18 mW, a 200 GHz down mixer with 5.5 dB conversion gain and 40 mW power consumption, a 190 GHz receiver with 47 dB conversion gain and 11 dB noise figure and a 60 GHz power amplifier with 24.5 dBm output power and 12.9 % power added efficiency (PAE). Moreover, we report on a single-core flash CMOS analogue-to-digital converter (ADC) with 3 bit resolution and a speed of 24 GS/s. Finally, we discuss a 60 GHz on-off keying (OOK) BiCMOS transceiver chip set. The wireless transmission of data with 5 Gb/s at 42 cm distance between transmitter and receiver was verified by experiments. The complete transceiver consumes 396 mW.
Gain Design of Quasi-Continuous Exponential Stabilizing Controller for a Nonholonomic Mobile Robot
Authors: Nonaka Shogo , Tsujimura Takeshi , Izumi Kiyotaka 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The control of nonholonomic canonical form using an invariant manifold is investigated to apply to a mobile robot steered by two independent driving wheels. A quasi-continuous exponential stabilizing controller is designed by using another input pattern. Additionally, the control gain designing method is proposed for this controller. Modified error system of nonholonomic double integrator model is used as nonholonomic canonical form. Generally, the gain cannot be calculated due to the non-linear transform of system. Owing to complicated relation of several parameters, the controller behavior is inconstant by gain pattern. We propose a method of designing gain which uses desired settling time. An approximate equation to obtain designed gains is derived based on the evaluation function. The design method to determine gains of the assumed actual system is simulated. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by these simulations.
Genetic Algorithm Combined with a Local Search Method for Identifying Susceptibility Genes
Authors: Yang Cheng-Hong , Moi Sin-Hua , Lin Yu-Da , Chuang Li-Yeh 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Detecting genetic association models between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in various disease-related genes can help to understand susceptibility to disease. Statistical tools have been widely used to detect significant genetic association models, according to their related statistical values, including odds ratio (OR), chi-square test (χ2), p-value, etc. However, the high number of computations entailed in such operations may limit the capacity of such statistical tools to detect high-order genetic associations. In this study, we propose lsGA algorithm, a genetic algorithm based on local search method, to detect significant genetic association models amongst large numbers of SNP combinations. We used two disease models to simulate the large data sets considering the minor allele frequency (MAF), number of SNPs, and number of samples. The three-order epistasis models were evaluated by chi-square test (χ2) to evaluate the significance (P-value < 0.05). Analysis results showed that lsGA provided higher chi-square test values than that of GA. Simple linear regression indicated that lsGA provides a significant advantage over GA, providing the highest β values and significant p-value.
Coupling single emitters to quantum plasmonic circuits
Authors: Huck Alexander , Andersen Ulrik L. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn recent years, the controlled coupling of single-photon emitters to propagating surface plasmons has been intensely studied, which is fueled by the prospect of a giant photonic nonlinearity on a nanoscaled platform. In this article, we will review the recent progress on coupling single emitters to nanowires towards the construction of a new platform for strong light-matter interaction. The control over such a platform might open new doors for quantum information processing and quantum sensing at the nanoscale and for the study of fundamental physics in the ultrastrong coupling regime.
Crystal structure of 3-(((cyclohexyl(phenyl)methylidene)amino)oxy)-2-hydroxy-N-(propan-2-yl)propan-1-aminium chloride, C19H31ClN2O2
Authors: Ghabbour Hazem A. , El-Bendary Eman R. , El-Ashmawy Mahmoud B. , El-Kerdawy Mohamed M. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
C19H31ClN2O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 18.228(2) Å, b = 10.0390(11) Å, c = 11.0314(12) Å, β = 107.484(3)°, V = 1925.4(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0627, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1626, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of poly-[bis(μ4-adipato-κ4
O:O′:O′′:O′′′)(μ2-1,4-bis((2-ethyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)methyl)benzene-κ2
N:N′)dizinc(II)], C38H42N4O8Zn2
Authors: Xu Chunying , Tang Siye , Lou Xinhua 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
C38H42N4O8Zn2, monoclinic, P21/n (No. 14), a = 13.240(3) Å, b = 9.0565(18) Å, c = 15.553(3) Å, β = 112.85(3)°, V = 1718.7(6) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0549, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0911, T = 293(2)K.
Crystal structure of 3-((1,3,5,7-tetraoxo-6-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-3,3a,4,4a,5,6,7,7a,8,8a-decahydro-4,8-ethenopyrrolo[3,4-f]isoindol-2(1H)-yl)methyl)pyridin-1-ium-κN-trichloridocobalt(II) hemihydrate, C24H22Cl3CoN4O4.5
Authors: Liu Zhi-Min 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
C24H22Cl3CoN4O4.5, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.1852(3) Å, b = 17.1435(7) Å, c = 19.9264(9) Å, β = 95.873(5)°, V = 2441.64(18) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0442, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0859, T = 153 K.
Crystal structure of N-(adamantan-1-yl)-4-phenylpiperazine-1-carbothioamide, C21H29N3S
Authors: Al-Abdullah Ebtehal S. , Ghabbour Hazem A. , Alkahtani Hamad M. , Al-Tamimi Abdul-Malek S. , El-Emam Ali A. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
C21H29N3S, orthorhombic, Pbca (No. 61), a = 9.8658(7) Å, b = 11.7298(9) Å, c = 31.960(2) Å, V = 3698.5(5) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt
(F) = 0.0644, wR
ref
(F
2) = 0.1684, T = 100 K.
Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy: First Single-Center Experience in the Balkans
Authors: Popov Zivko , Jankulovski Nikola , Stankov Oliver , Stavridis Sotir , Saidi Skender , Kuzmanoski Marjan , Chipurovski Igor , Banev Sasho , Krstevska Branka , Ivanovski Ognen , Dimitrovski Chedomir 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Introduction: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy has become the preferred approach for removal of the adrenal gland for the management of benign or malignant functioning or nonfunctioning adrenal masses. We aimed to present our initial experience with this procedure. In addition, we compare the clinical outcomes of laparoscopic (LA) vs. the open adrenalectomies (OA) performed at our institutions. Also we report a case of successful laparoscopic treatment of splenic artery aneurism involving laparoscopic splenectomy.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective analysis of the data of all patients who underwent adrenalectomy at three institutions, over the last 12-year period, since the laparoscopic adrenal surgery was introduced in our country. All patients were assessed regarding the demographic data, hormonal status, operative time, estimated blood loss, complications, size of the tumor, number of patients requiring blood transfusion, hospital stay and conversion to open surgery for LA.
Results: Thirty five consecutive patients, aged from 33 to 67 (average age 54 years) underwent unilateral LA adrenalectomy during the study period including 14 right and 21 left sided. The laparoscopic procedure was successfully completed in all except 4 cases, which were converted to open surgery to control bleeding from the avulsed adrenal veins. LA proved superior to OA, resulting in less estimated blood loss, shorter operating time, shorter time to resumption of oral intake, shorter postoperative hospital stay and less analgesic requirements. During the follow-up of 3 to 36 months no tumor recurrence and/or metastasis developed.
Conclusions: Our results concur with other retrospective reviews comparing laparoscopic and open adrenalectomy, demonstrating unequivocal advantages in terms of reduced length of hospital stay, blood loss, return of bowel function, functional recovery and post-operative morbidity.
Acute Kidney Injury in Newborns
Authors: Timovska Silvana Naunova , Cekovska Svetlana , Tosheska-Trajkovska Katerina 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Objective: Acute kidney injury is common condition in the neonatal intensive care unit and it is associated with poor outcome. The incidence of neonatal AKI is the highest one followed by adults and children, depending on different factors such as the gestational age, birth weight, contributing conditions and the facilities of the neonatal intensive care unit. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence, risk factors and the outcome of the neonatal acute kidney injury.
Subjects and Methods: This was a clinical, prospective study that was performed in a referent NICU at the University Children′s Hospital in Skopje. All neonates admitted from January 2012 to December 20014 with documented acute kidney injury were included. The medical data records of the admitted neonates with AKI were analyzed. The material was statistically processed using methods of the descriptive statistics.
Results: During the study period 770 newborn infants were admitted to the NICU and 50 (6.5%) infants developed acute kidney injury. The male to female ratio was 2.1:1. Most of the neonates involved in the study were neonates born at term (62%). Oliguric AKI was found in 28 cases (56%) and no oliguric in 22 cases (44%). The prevalence of prerenal, renal and post renal AKI were 78.5%, 19.5% and 2.0% respectively. Perinatal asphyxia was the most common predisposing factor for AKI and was evaluated in 38% of the cases with predominance of term infants and male. The mortality rate was 32% and was significantly higher in the group of patients with congenital heart diseases.
Conclusion: AKI is a life threatening condition with still high mortality rate. Early recognition of the risk factors and the rapid effective treatment of the contributing conditions will reduce AKI in the neonatal period.