bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forkhead box 1 expression is upregulatedin non-small cell lung cancer and correlateswith pathological parameters
Authors: Wang Chongwei , Wang Chongbang , Duan Shufang 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObjectives: As the member of the Fox family of transcription factors, Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) is known to be critical in pathogenesis and development of many solid tumors. However, the clinical value and expression pattern in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still poorly understood. Methods: In this study, real-time PCR was mainly applied to examine the gene expression levels of FoxM1 in 120 pairs of clinical NSCLC tissues, which were classified into different groups according to smoking status, lymph node metastasis, and tumor grade. By utilizing the online Kaplan-Meier plotter, overall survival analysis was performed to study the correlation between FoxM1 expression and prognosis of lung cancer (LC) patients. Afterwards, the correlation of FoxM1 gene expression and the clinical pathological parameters was examined by κ2 test in these 120 NSCLC patients. Results: FoxM1 was found to be aberrantly upregulated in NSCLC patients, and its overexpression was correlated to groups designated as smokers, cases of positive lymph node metastasis and cases of advanced tumor grades. Online survival analysis showed that high expression of FoxM1 predicted shorter overall survival of NSCLC patients. Additionally, FoxM1 upregulation was statistically correlated with positive smoking history, lymph node metastasis and higher tumor grades. Conclusion: FoxM1 is overexpressed in cancerous tissues and is associated with the poor prognosis of NSCLC patients. Our results provide insights into the utility of FoxM1 as an important biomarker and prognostic factor for NSCLC.
The development of potential targets in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Jimin , Lin Zhihui 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe oncogenic driver mutations have been found that not only have potential sensitivity to epidermal growth factor receptor but also can inhibit anaplastic lymphoma kinase tyrosine kinase; more and more interest has been evoked in discovering additional targets to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recently, many novel underlying oncogenic gene alterations have been identified, such as HER2 insertions, BRAF mutations, PIK3 mutations, FGFR1 amplifications, DDR2 mutations, KRAS mutations, MET amplification, ROS1 rearrangements, ALK rearrangements, and RET rearrangements. In this review, we will discuss the discovery of these potential targets and the application of each in NSCLC and of small molecular inhibitors on these potential targets.
Self-healing and Oxidation Resistance of B-Si Doped Carbon Materials Derived from Modification Coal Tar Pitch
Authors: Zuo X.H. , Dong Z.J. , Yuan G.M. , Cui Z.W. , Li X.K. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWith toluene soluble fraction of coal tar pitch, polycarbosilane and pyridine borane as raw materials, the modification coal tar pitch was synthesized by a liquid method. The B-Si-doped carbon materials were obtained by carbonization treatment at 800–1,600 °C for 1 h. The effects of carbonization temperatures on the composition, microstructure and oxidation resistance of the B-Si-doped carbon materials were investigated by XRD, SEM and TG-DSC. The results showed that the B-Si-doped carbon materials were composed of B2O3 and carbon. SiC crystal grains appeared when the carbonization temperatures were over 1,200 °C. The higher the carbonization temperatures were, the larger the SiC grain sizes of B-Si-doped carbon materials became. But oxidation rate of larger grain sizes of SiC was slow during oxidation. It was difficult to form a protective glassy film on the surface of the materials rapidly. Therefore, the B-Si-doped carbon materials obtained by carbonization at 1,200 °C showed better oxidation resistance. Oxidation resistance mechanism of B-Si-doped carbon materials was illustrated. The SiO2 produced by the oxidation of SiC and B2O3 formed protective glassy film, which had self-healing and anti-oxidation synergism.
The role of economic conditions on humor generation and attitude towards humorous TV commercials
Authors: Hatzithomas Leonidas , Boutsouki Christina , Zotos Yorgos 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA two-phase experimental study investigates the role of economic conditions on humor generation and on the relationship between perceived humor and attitude toward the ad (Aad). It designates that the economic context affects the generation of humor and the relationship between perceived humor and Aad; TV commercials can more effectively create humor as well as positive Aad in an expansion rather than in a recession. The generation of humor during a recession, requires a combination of high levels of perceived surprise and low levels of perceived irritation. In the same vein, attitude towards a humorous ad, in a recession, increases significantly only when there is high perceived humor and low perceived irritation. Specific managerial and theoretical implications are discussed.
Bridging notions of language play and language awareness
Authors: Ahn So-Yeon 
Published: October 2016

Abstract:This article explores the interface between language play and language awareness. Grounded in an understanding of two kinds of language play, ludic language play and language play as rehearsal, it shows how the shared theoretical underpinnings and distinctive features of both overlap with the concept of language awareness. Spanning across cognitive, affective, and social dimensions of learners’ language awareness, both types of language play highlight learners’ conscious perception and sensitivity to linguistic forms and functions, attention, noticing, alertness, and particularly engagement. The paper contends that there is a close connection between language play and language awareness, and thereby argues that language play episodes, whether for the purpose of amusement or private rehearsal, could yield insights into students’ knowledge about language and their ability to reflect on it through engagement with language. Finally, the paper outlines implications for research on language play episodes and for their use in teaching to incorporate humor into the language classroom.
The development of a humor styles questionnaire for younger children
Authors: James Lucy , Fox Claire 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDespite the adaptation of the humor styles questionnaire for older children a measure suitable for children below the age of eleven was needed. The current research involved three separate studies leading to the creation of the humor styles questionnaire for younger children (HSQ-Y), suitable for those aged 8–11 years. Study one involved the development of a measure to assess aggressive and affiliative humor. Subsequently, study two involved the adaptation of the measure to include all four humor styles, which was administered to children alongside a measure of friendship quality. To provide further validation for the HSQ-Y as a measure, study three involved the administration of the HSQ-Y twice over a three-week period and peer reports of the four humor styles. Several measures of psychosocial adjustment were also included. The HSQ-Y was found to be a reliable and valid measure of the four humor styles in children aged 8–11 years. Associations between the humor styles and psychosocial adjustment variables were also found, supporting the discriminant validity of the measure.
Immigration and the Democratic Stability Argument
Authors: Miklosi Zoltan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAccording to the Democratic Stability Argument, since currently existing democratic states are overwhelmingly likely to play a leading role in the establishment of a just cosmopolitan order, should one ever be established, there are moral reasons to take measures that are necessary to preserve the adequate functioning of these states. If large-scale immigration can undermine their adequate functioning, then immigration restrictions are justified even from a cosmopolitan perspective, under non-ideal conditions. This paper argues that this argument may not succeed in justifying immigration restrictions under current conditions. Properly understood, the problem involves the competing claims of current poor admission-seekers and of the global poorest at some point in the future, i. e. the earliest feasible date of the establishment of the cosmopolitan order. The paper invokes normative arguments suggesting that the claims of the poorest in the distant future do not have lexical priority as a matter of principle. It also argues that available empirical estimates imply that the claims of admission-seekers in the present and near future potentially outcompete the claims of the poorest in the distant future. These considerations point towards a specification of the Democratic Stability Argument rather than to its complete rejection.
Freedom of Movement and Emigration Pressures: A Defence of Immigration Fees
Authors: Angeli Oliviero 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe article addresses the prospective responsibility of states to protect citizens from emigration pressures. After establishing the moral weight of the interest in staying, the article proceeds to explain why the interest to stay is comparatively more resistant to restrictions than the interest in exercising freedom of movement across borders. On this basis, the argument is then advanced that immigration fees can be charged on (well-off) immigrants as a means to protect economically vulnerable residents in recipient countries from emigration pressures. The argument that I will advance is in at least one sense non-consequentialist: it accounts for the need for immigration fees without relying on (problematic) assumptions about the consequences of immigration. Furthermore, the argument is also realistic in so far as it accepts that states have the right to restrict immigration.
A Case of Non-Ideal Guidance: Tackling Tax Competition
Authors: Gajevic Sayegh Alexandre 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn the global justice literature, growing attention has been given to problems particular to a globalised economy such as tax competition. Political philosophers have started to reflect on how these problems intersect with theories of global justice. This paper explores the idea according to which action-guiding principles of justice can only be formulated at such intersections. This is the starting point from which I develop a ‘non-ideal theory’ of global justice. The methodology of this theory posits that principles of justice are formulated according to the practice they are intended to regulate. Individual practices provide insights about the formulation of principles, for the non-ideal circumstances that prevent the realisation of justice are only revealed through the interpretation of each practice. With regard to the content of principles, I reject the notion that non-ideal theory is applied ideal theory. I offer instead an overview of the main features of a conception of justice for a non-ideal world based on the ideas of compliance, fact-sensitivity, feasibility and path-dependence. The contribution of this paper is twofold: to provide the conceptual framework for an action-guiding non-ideal theory of global justice and to show why this theory is well-suited to address problems of a globalised economy, such as tax competition.
Evaluación de Tres Métodos para Uso de Albúmina Sérica Bovina en el Sexado de Espermatozoides de Toros
Authors: Gonzales Aparicio Gonzalo W. , Cabrera Villanueva Próspero C. 
Published: October 2016

<p>La investigación se hizo para determinar la posibilidad de variar la proporción de espermatozoides de toros con cromosoma Y mediante el uso de albúmina sérica bovina (ASB) en tres métodos propuestos: Doble centrifugación en ASB (M1); Centrifugación y migración en ASB (M2); Doble migración en ASB (M3). Las muestras de semen se conservaron durante 20-24 horas a 5 °C y luego se congelaron en nitrógeno líquido. La variación en la proporción de espermatozoides con cromosoma Y (cuerpo F) se determinó usando una tinción con diclorhidrato de quinacrina. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el porcentaje de cuerpos F (48.4±5.9% para el control y de 45.8±5.5 a 47.2±4.9% para los tratamientos). La tasa de recuperación espermática fue de 50.7% para M1, 36.2% para M2 y 21.4% para M3 (p&lt;0.01). Hubo una reducción significativa (p&lt;0.01) de las características espermáticas por efecto del uso de ASB: la vitalidad espermática se redujo del 64.2% en el control a 42.5, 37.2 y 27.2% para M1, M2 y M3, respectivamente; la motilidad se redujo del 83.1% en el control a 48.1, 31.9 y 23.1% para M1, M2 y M3, respectivamente; el porcentaje de espermatozoides con membrana funcional se redujo del 64.6% en el control a 42.7, 42.6 y 39.6% con M1, M2 y M3, respectivamente; y el porcentaje de espermatozoides vivos con acrosoma no reaccionado varió del 58.1% en el control a 35.1, 30.2 y 20.5% con M1, M2 y M3, respectivamente. Se observó una reducción general de las características espermáticas por efecto de la congelación en nitrógeno líquido (p&lt;0.01) haciéndolas inviables.</p>
Soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and magnesium sulfate with nifedipine treatment in Indonesian women with severe pre-eclampsia
Authors: Pasaribu Hotma Partogi , Hariman Herman , Roeshadi R. Haryono , Koh Stephen C.L. 
Published: October 2016

Background
Endothelial cell activation in pre-eclampsia is associated with elevated soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) levels. The objective of the study was to determine whether sVCAM-1 levels in Indonesian women with pre-eclampsia were similar to other ethnic studies and to determine the effects of magnesium sulfate with nifedipine on blood pressure.

Methods
A total of 61 pregnant women were admitted, who had normal pregnancy (n = 25) and severe pre-eclampsia (n = 36). Blood sampling was performed at admission to the study, 1 h after placental separation, and 24 h postpartum. sVCAM-1 and blood pressure levels were determined.

Results
The mean ages in normal pregnancy (n = 25) and in severe pre-eclampsia (n = 36) are 30.0 ± 3.4 years and 27.1 ± 6.1 years, respectively. Significantly elevated sVCAM-1 was seen in pre-eclampsia. No significant variation in sVCAM-1 levels during the study periods was seen in both groups of cohorts. Magnesium sulfate infusion and nifedipine significantly lowered the blood pressure level.

Conclusion
Elevated sVCAM-1 levels were also seen in Indonesian women with severe pre-eclampsia. The placenta may not be the only source of elevated sVCAM-1 and that endothelial dysfunction persists beyond the postpartum period. Magnesium sulfate together with nifedipine significantly lowered blood pressure. The determination of elevated sVCAM-1 in pregnancy as a risk marker for endothelial dysfunction is therefore suggested.
POTENTIAL PRODUCTION OF THE FIVE PREDOMINANT SMALL PELAGIC FISH SPECIES GROUPS IN THE JAVA SEA
Authors: Purwanto Purwanto , Nugroho Duto , Suwarso Suwarso 
Published: October 2016

The Java Sea is one of the important fishing areas for small pelagic fishery in Indonesia. The production of the fishery was dominated by five fish species groups. To support the management of that fishery, an assessment of the stock of the five predominant small pelagic fish species groups was conducted. Based on the result of analysis, the maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of the stock of five predominant small pelagic fish species was about 244.6 thousand tons. Meanwhile, the MSY of the stock of the whole exploitable small pelagic fish species was about 315.5 thousand tons. The optimum fishing effort (EMSY) was 1032 units. The total fishing effort was higher than EMSY and the fish stock was likely over-exploited since 2000. To ensure the optimal fish production of the small pelagic fish stock in the Java Sea, it is necessary to recover fish stock by controlling fishing effort to EMSY. The time which it takes for the fish stock to recover was about two years when fishing effort was reduced from its level in 2009 to EMSY.
Methods of Physical Recreation of Students Trained in Kickboxing Section
Authors: Пашкевич C. А. , Крюков Е. В. 
Published: October 2016

Research objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing sports massage in recreation of kickboxing students to improve their sports performance. Materials and methods. The research used: review and analysis of literature, pedagogical observations, physiological (relay test, strength endurance test, fatigue intensity assessment) and statistical methods. The participants of the research were three groups (5 persons in each group). The first group of students (C1) received preliminary warming massage (20 min), the second group (C2) received recreational massage after the training (20 min), the third group (C3) had passive rest before and after the training (20 min). Before and after the massage session, assessment of the response rate and strength endurance took place three times during the training (at the beginning, in the middle, and at the end) with regard to the level of the students’ fatigue intensity during the training. For the rough evaluation of the cause-effect relationship between the influencing factor and the effect appearance, the research used the relative risk indicator (RR). Research results. The sports massage reduced the athletes’ fatigue during the training (RR = 5.0, p < 0.05), i.e. the coach could increase the training load without any significant impact on the functional systems of the athletes. The preliminary massage had a more distinct positive effect on the students’ response rate and endurance indicators. The recreational massage improved only the students’ endurance processes during the training.
Determining Purpose of Academic Discipline “Physical Education” for Future Teachers
Authors: Цимбалюк Ж. О. , Гогіна Т. І. 
Published: October 2016

The research objective is to determine the purpose of physical education in pedagogical higher educational institutions.
Materials and methods. The research used: theoretical analysis and collation of scientific literature; study of guidelines and documents regulating the process of organizing and conducting the discipline “Physical Education” in a higher educational institution; questionnaires. The participants of the experiment were 60 first-year students (enrolled in 2015-2016) of the School of Ukrainian Language and Literature of H. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University.
Research results. The analysis of the questionnaires revealed low rates of motivational variants in the choice of the sports section related to the future profession. The research specified the purpose of the discipline “Physical Education” in a pedagogical higher educational institution, and defined the health-preserving competence.
Conclusions. The specific nature of the pedagogical profession requires that future teachers acquire the health-preserving competence within the discipline “Physical Education”, namely, the ability to maintain a general level of physical health needed to conduct social and professional activity.
Methods of Strength Development in Boys of Primary School Age Using Active Games
Authors: Марченко С. І. , Іщенко В. А. 
Published: October 2016

The research objective is to analyze the effect of games on the dynamics of strength development in boys of the second-fourth grades.
Research methods: theoretical analysis and collation of scientific and methodological literature, method of control testing, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics.
Research results. The paper addresses the feasibility of further scientific substantiation for the effect of the number of games, the number of repetitions, the intervals of rest and their interrelation on the change in the strength indicators for boys of primary school age.
The study has revealed that strength development requires that the pupils of the second and the third grades perform four games, while the pupils of the fourth grade — five games. The number of repetitions for the pupils of the second grade is one and two, for the pupils of the third grade — two, and for the boys of the fourth grade — three, with 40-second intervals for rest.
The most effective development manifests in the second and the fourth grades during 20 classes, and in the third grade —during 30 classes. After that, it is advisable to use other means. The game duration varies from two to five minutes.
Conclusions. The results obtained during the experiment give reason to recommend that primary school teachers, coaches and parents use active games in physical education, sports training and individual motor activity of boys of primary school age. These games should aim at developing strength abilities, both purposefully and in complex with regard to the duration and pace (intensity) of their performance.
Causes, Prevention and Correction of Impaired Posture in Children of Primary School Age
Authors: Щирба В. А. 
Published: October 2016

Research Objective. The objective of our research was to provide theoretical substantiation and implement corrective gymnastics in practice for the purposes of prevention and correction of faults in schoolchildren’s posture. The main means for shaping the correct posture, preventing and correcting faults in posture are callisthenic routine and special corrective exercises.
Research methods: anamnesis, somatoscopy, clinical and mathematical methods.
Research results. The medical examination revealed that only six of 60 pupils had normal correctly shaped posture, which accounts for 10%. The posture of the other 90% of the pupils was impaired. The most common faults were: asymmetrical pectoral girdle and shoulder blades, stooping posture. The examination revealed 19 pupils with scoliotic posture, which accounts for 44 %. The posture of 24 pupils, or 40%, was hyperkyphotic and stooping. In other words, the posture of 84% of the pupils was scoliotic or hyperkyphotic. The rest of the pupils had flat and kypholordic posture. It is worth mentioning that some of the pupils examined had more serious disorders of their musculoskeletal system, namely: organic disorders, such as spinal disorders in the sagittal plane — the scoliosis types excluded from the study. Significantly, the first main reason of posture disorders is weakness of the pectoral muscle sling.
Conclusions. The principal means of prevention and correction of impaired posture are using special physical exercises designed to create a muscular corpus and correct particular faults in posture. We therefore developed sets of exercises intended to correct posture defects and proposed them to the physical education teacher and class teachers.