bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Un año de FLIP: Corrigiendo errores
Authors: Oltra Juan Vte. 
Published: July 2016

Supone esta comunicación el intento de dar respuesta a dos problemas planteados en una experiencia previa de FLIP-Teaching: reducir el trabajo del docente en lo que respecta a la corrección de pruebas, manteniendo la misma cadencia en la evaluación continua y al tiempo lograr que el alumnado no ignore el material presentado como texto, de lectura necesaria antes de una actividad en aula. En la presente comunicación se exponen las diferencias implementadas en el diseño, para intentar evadir los problemas citados. Así mismo, se presenta una pequeña muestra de una encuesta pasada al alumnado. Palabras clave: FLIP-Teaching, innovación docente, evaluación, metodologías
Constraining the strength of the terrestrial CO2 fertilization effect
in the Canadian Earth system model version 4.2 (CanESM4.2)
Authors: Arora Vivek K. , Scinocca John F. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract. Earth system models (ESMs) explicitly simulate the interactions between the physical climate system components and biogeochemical cycles. Physical and biogeochemical aspects of ESMs are routinely compared against their observation-based counterparts to assess model performance and to evaluate how this performance is affected by ongoing model development. Here, we assess the performance of version 4.2 of the Canadian Earth system model against four land carbon-cycle-focused, observation-based determinants of the global carbon cycle and the historical global carbon budget over the 1850–2005 period. Our objective is to constrain the strength of the terrestrial CO2 fertilization effect, which is known to be the most uncertain of all carbon-cycle feedbacks. The observation-based determinants include (1) globally averaged atmospheric CO2 concentration, (2) cumulative atmosphere–land CO2 flux, (3) atmosphere–land CO2 flux for the decades of 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s, and (4) the amplitude of the globally averaged annual CO2 cycle and its increase over the 1980 to 2005 period. The optimal simulation that satisfies constraints imposed by the first three determinants yields a net primary productivity (NPP) increase from  ∼  58 Pg C year−1 in 1850 to about  ∼  74 Pg C year−1 in 2005; an increase of  ∼  27 % over the 1850–2005 period. The simulated loss in the global soil carbon amount due to anthropogenic land use change (LUC) over the historical period is also broadly consistent with empirical estimates. Yet, it remains possible that these determinants of the global carbon cycle are insufficient to adequately constrain the historical carbon budget, and consequently the strength of terrestrial CO2 fertilization effect as it is represented in the model, given the large uncertainty associated with LUC emissions over the historical period.
GIS analysis of effects of future Baltic sea level rise on the island of Gotland, Sweden
Authors: Ebert Karin , Ekstedt Karin , Jarsjö Jerker 
Published: July 2016

Abstract. Future sea level rise as a consequence of global warming will affect the world's coastal regions. Even though the pace of sea level rise is not clear, the consequences will be severe and global. Commonly the effects of future sea level rise are investigated for relatively vulnerable development countries; however, a whole range of varying regions needs to be considered in order to improve the understanding of global consequences. In this paper we investigate consequences of future sea level rise along the coast of the Baltic Sea island of Gotland, Sweden, with the aim to fill knowledge gaps regarding comparatively well-suited areas in developed countries. We study both the quantity of the loss of features of infrastructure, cultural, and natural value in the case of a 2 m sea level rise of the Baltic Sea and the effects of climate change on seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers, which indirectly cause saltwater intrusion in wells. We conduct a multi-criteria risk analysis by using lidar data on land elevation and GIS-vulnerability mapping, which gives the application of distance and elevation parameters formerly unimaginable precision. We find that in case of a 2 m sea level rise, 3 % of the land area of Gotland, corresponding to 99 km2, will be inundated. The features most strongly affected are items of touristic or nature value, including camping places, shore meadows, sea stack areas, and endangered plants and species habitats. In total, 231 out of 7354 wells will be directly inundated, and the number of wells in the high-risk zone for saltwater intrusion in wells will increase considerably. Some valuable features will be irreversibly lost due to, for example, inundation of sea stacks and the passing of tipping points for seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers; others might simply be moved further inland, but this requires considerable economic means and prioritization. With nature tourism being one of the main income sources of Gotland, monitoring and planning are required to meet the changes. Seeing Gotland in a global perspective, this island shows that holistic multi-feature studies of future consequences of sea level rise are required to identify overall consequences for individual regions.
GPS-derived ground deformation (2005–2014) within the Gulf of Mexico region referred to a stable Gulf of Mexico reference frame
Authors: Yu Jiangbo , Wang Guoquan 
Published: July 2016

Abstract. This study investigates current ground deformation derived from the GPS geodesy infrastructure in the Gulf of Mexico region. The positions and velocity vectors of 161 continuous GPS (CGPS) stations are presented with respect to a newly established local reference frame, the Stable Gulf of Mexico Reference Frame (SGOMRF). Thirteen long-term (> 5 years) CGPS are used to realize the local reference frame. The root mean square (RMS) of the velocities of the 13 SGOMRF reference stations achieves 0.2 mm yr−1 in the horizontal and 0.3 mm yr−1 in the vertical directions. GPS observations presented in this study indicate significant land subsidence in the coastal area of southeastern Louisiana, the greater Houston metropolitan area, and two cities in Mexico (Aguascalientes and Mexico City). The most rapid subsidence is recorded at the Mexico City International airport, which is up to 26.6 cm yr−1 (2008–2014). Significant spatial variation of subsidence rates is observed in both Mexico City and the Houston area. The overall subsidence rate in the Houston area is decreasing. The subsidence rate in southeastern Louisiana is relatively smaller (4.0–6.0 mm yr−1) but tends to be steady over time. This poses a potential threat to the safety of coastal infrastructure in the long-term.
Tracing the Horizon: iLANDing as Radical Archive Practice and Pedagogy
Authors: Kennedy Christopher , Holt Ann 
Published: July 2016

The purpose of this paper is to highlight an example of how a group of artists/educators/researchers involved in the Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Art, Nature and Dance (iLAND), conceptualize their practice as both users and producers of archives. We pose the following questions within the process of conceptualizing the iLAND archive: What is the radical pedagogy inherent in iLANDing? Moreover, how does the archiving of iLAND, a transdisciplinary practice of intervening into the city/land/body-scape, translate as radical archiving?
Microbiological evaluation of fish
Authors: Cwiková Olga 
Published: July 2016

Fish meat has a specific composition that positively influences human health. Thanks to this composition, it is an excellent nutritional medium for growth and reproduction of undesirable microorganisms, which may cause spoilage and they can also lead to alimentary illnesses. Microbiota of fish is dominated by Gram negative and psychrophilic bacteria. Microbial contamination causes fish deterioration and leads to the end of its shelf-life when reaches levels between 107 and 109 CFU.g-1. The most appropriate temperature for storage of fish is between -1 °C and 4 °C and the ideal relative air humidity is 80 to 85%. The objective of the work was to evaluate microbiological quality of fresh fish (Rainbow Trout, Atlantic Salmon, Atlantic Cod) bought in various types of stores in the Czech Republic and to evaluate if different storage temperatures have influence on the quantity of microorganisms. The following microorganisms were monitored: the total aerobic count (TAC), coliform bacteria, E. coli, Salmonella spp. and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Based on the obtained results it is possible to state that difference between individual stores (p >0.05) in the total aerobic count and the quantity of E. coli (except for cod) was not proven. After 2 days of storage there was increase (p ˂0.05) of the total aerobic count in case of all monitored fish species from all stores. In case of coliform bacteria and E. coli there was increase (p ˂0.05) of their quantity in a majority of the analysed samples. Different storage temperature (4 °C and 8 °C) did not have influence (p ˂0.05) on the TAC, the quantity of coliform bacteria (except for cod) and the quantity of E. coli (except for trout).
Effects of silicate application on soil fertility and wheat yield
Authors: Sarto Marcos Vinícius Mansano , Lana Maria do Carmo , Rampim Leandro , Rosset Jean Sérgio , Wobeto Jaqueline Rocha 
Published: July 2016

<p>An improvement in soil chemical properties and crop development with silicate application has been confirmed in several plant species. The effects of silicate application on soil chemical properties and wheat growth were investigated in the present study. The experiment was carried out in 8-L plastic pots in a greenhouse. Treatments were arranged in a randomized block design in a 3 × 5 factorial: three soils [Rhodic Acrudox (Ox1), Rhodic Hapludox (Ox2) and Arenic Hapludult (Ult)] and five silicate rates (0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 Mg ha–1 of calcium/magnesium silicate), with four replications. The plant length, number of spikes per pot, shoot dry matter and grain yield, were measured after 115 days of wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum </em>L.) growth. Changes in the soil chemical properties (pH, H+ + Al3+, Al3+, P, K, Ca, Mg, Si, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn) were analyzed after wheat harvest. Application of calcium/magnesium silicate reduces the potential acidity (H+ + Al3+) and Al3+ phytotoxic; and increases the soil pH, available Ca, Mg and Si, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and soil base saturation. Silicate application did not affect the available P, exchangeable K and availability of micronutrients (Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn) in the three soils. The application of calcium/magnesium silicate in an acid clayey Rhodic Hapludox improves the development and yield of wheat; however, the silicate application in soil with pH higher to 5.3 and high Si availability does not affect the agronomic characteristics and grain yield of wheat.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>
Performance and economic analysis of the production of Nile tilapia submitted to different feeding management
Authors: Passinato Érica Bevitorio , Magalhães Junior Francisco Oliveira de , Cipriano Filipe Dos Santos , Souza Ricardo Henriquede Bastos , Lima Kauana Santos de , Chiapetti Jorge , Braga Luis Gustavo Tavares 
Published: July 2016

<p>The productive performance and the variable cost of production were evaluated for different feeding strategies for tilapia during the production cycle. A sample of 2,000 juvenile tilapia was distributed (23.55 ± 2.38 g) into five treatments and with four repetitions as follows: C (feed consumption to apparent satiety), R20 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 20 g), R200 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 200 g), R400 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 400 g) and R600 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 600 g). The fish were given extruded commercial feed containing 34% crude protein until they reached a weight of 200 g, at which time they received feed containing 32% crude protein. Monthly biometrics were performed in order to determine the food restriction starting point, which was one day of restriction followed by six feeding days. The following parameters were evaluated: water quality, productive performance variables, the variable costs of production and excreted nitrogen. The results were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared using Tukey’s test (5% significance). No statistical differences were observed in final weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion or survival. The fish from the R20 treatment had the lowest variable cost of production (g fish-1) and the lowest nitrogen excretion into the water. This suggests that feed restriction from the early stages of life does not compromise the productive performance and contributes to reducing the variable costs and the quantity of nitrogen excreted into the environment. Thus, a one-day per week feed restriction strategy can be applied from the earliest stages of life without compromising the productive performance or body composition of Nile tilapia. This strategy can also reduce variable costs of production by means of reducing relative labour and feed costs. </p>
Intake, physiological parameters and behavior of Angus and Nellore bulls subjected to heat stress
Authors: Valente Ériton Egidio Lisboa , Chizzotti Mario Luiz , Oliveira Cristiane Viol Ribeiro de , Galvão Matheus Castilho , Domingues Silas Sebastião , Rodrigues Aline De Castro , Ladeira Marcio Machado 
Published: July 2016

<p>Genetics differences between breeds may determine the tolerance to high temperature, effect dry matter intake and consequently cattle performance. The effect of temperature and humidity index (THI) on diurnal, nocturnal and daily intake, water intake, physiologic parameters and behavior of Nellore (<em>B. indicus</em>) and Angus (<em>B. taurus</em>) bulls were evaluated. Eight Angus and eight Nellore young bulls (337±7.4 kg and 16 months of age) were allocated in two climate-controlled rooms for 32 days. In the period 1, all bulls were housed in thermoneutral conditions (TN, THI = 72.6) for 10 days. In period 2 (10 days), four Angus and four Nellore bulls were subjected to low heat stress (LHS, THI = 76.4) in daytime, and four Angus and four Nellore bulls were subjected to high heat stress (HHS, THI = 81.5) in daytime. The diurnal and daily dry matter intake (DMI) of Nellore were not affected (P&gt;0.05) by heat stress. However, Angus bulls decreased diurnal DMI by 24% and daily DMI decreased (P&lt;0.05) by 15% on HHS. In TN Angus bulls had higher (P&lt;0.05) daily DMI (36.2 g/kg of BW) than Nellore (29.1 g/kg of BW), but in HHS they had similar (P&gt;0.05) daily DMI (31.6 and 30.2 g/kg of BW, respectively). We observed an increase (P&lt;0.05) in respiratory frequency, but water intake was not affected (P&gt;0.05) by heat stress. The heart rate decreased (P&lt;0.05) with heat stress. No differences were found (P&gt;0.05) in feeding behavior. Therefore, THI stress threshold should distinct for Angus and Nellore bulls. The use of feed intake information may improve the prediction of thermic discomfort on specific climate condition. </p>
Is 'good' communication achievable in jury instructions? Applying communication theory to instances of instructions in jury trials.
Authors: Anesa Patrizia 
Published: July 2016

Stating that 'good' communication plays a crucial role in everybody's personal and professional life would be to state the obvious. However, this well-established concept constantly seems to call for a reflection upon basic questions, such as: how can we define 'good' communication? What are the criteria that can be applied in order to identify it and to discern it, if possible, from 'bad' communication? Is it possible to achieve it? How? Between whom? In which circumstances? What are its consequences?
The quiet organization - why a common language does not always create a linguistic community
Authors: Tange Hanne 
Published: July 2016

Imagine an office environment in an international company in Denmark. Around you employees are going about their daily routines. They write e-mails while chatting to their neighbours, exchange a few comments on their way to the photocopier, and gather in the break to discuss their boss, holiday plans or news on a joint project. Try then to imagine the same space, only without the noise: A work environment where employees perform their duties quietly and most of the chit-chat has disappeared. This is the situation in many organizations that have adopted English as their corporate language.
Electric field modulation of tunneling anisotropic magnetoresistance in tunnel junctions with antiferromagnetic electrodes
Authors: Goto Minori , Nawaoka Kohei , Miwa Shinji , Hatanaka Shohei , Mizuochi Norikazu , Suzuki Yoshishige 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
We present electric field modulation of tunneling anisotropic magnetoresistance (TAMR) in MnIr|MgO|Ta tunnel junctions. TAMR enables direct observation of the antiferromagnetic spin direction at the MnIr|MgO interface. We found that the shape of magnetoresistance (MR) curve can be modulated by an electric field, which can be explained by electric field modulation of the interfacial magnetic anisotropy at MnIr|MgO.
Growth of InGaN/GaN quantum wells with graded InGaN buffer for green-to-yellow light emitters
Authors: Hu Chia-Hsuan , Lo Ikai , Hsu Yu-Chi , Shih Cheng-Hung , Pang Wen-Yuan , Wang Ying-Chieh , Lin Yu-Chiao , Yang Chen-Chi , Tsai Cheng-Da , Hsu Gary Z. L. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
We have studied the growth of high-indium-content In
x
Ga1−

x
N/GaN double quantum wells (QWs) for yellow and green light emitters by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy at a low substrate temperature (570 °C). By introducing a graded In
y
Ga1−

y
N buffer layer, the PL intensity of QWs can be increased sixfold compared with that of the original structure. In addition, the indium content in InGaN QWs was increased owing the prolonged growth time of the graded In
y
Ga1−

y
N buffer layer. After adjusting to optimal growth conditions, we achieved In
x
Ga1−

x
N/GaN QWs with x = 0.32. Photoluminescence measurements showed that the emission wavelength from In
x
Ga1−

x
N/GaN QWs was 560 nm (2.20 eV). The optimal condition for the gradient In
y
Ga1−

y
N buffer layer was obtained for light emission from green to yellow.
Graphene-assisted growth of high-quality AlN by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Zeng Qing , Chen Zhaolong , Zhao Yun , Wei Tongbo , Chen Xiang , Zhang Yun , Yuan Guodong , Li Jinmin 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
High-quality AlN films were directly grown on graphene/sapphire substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The graphene layers were directly grown on sapphire by atmospheric-pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD), a low-cost catalyst-free method. We analyzed the influence of the graphene layer on the nucleation of AlN at the initial stage of growth and found that sparse AlN grains on graphene grew and formed a continuous film via lateral coalescence. Graphene-assisted AlN films are smooth and continuous, and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) values for (0002) and

reflections are 360 and 622.2 arcsec, which are lower than that of the film directly grown on sapphire. The high-resolution TEM images near the AlN/sapphire interface for graphene-assisted AlN films clearly show the presence of graphene, which kept its original morphology after the 1200 °C growth of AlN.
Magneto-optical switch with amorphous silicon waveguides on magneto-optical garnet
Authors: Ishida Eiichi , Miura Kengo , Shoji Yuya , Mizumoto Tetsuya , Nishiyama Nobuhiko , Arai Shigehisa 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
We fabricated a magneto-optical (MO) switch with a hydrogenated amorphous silicon waveguide on an MO garnet. The switch is composed of a 2 × 2 Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI). The switch state is controlled by an MO phase shift through a magnetic field generated by a current flowing in an electrode located on the MZI. The switching operation was successfully demonstrated with an extinction ratio of 11.7 dB at a wavelength of 1550 nm.
Analysis of high-voltage metal–oxide–semiconductor transistors with gradual junction in the drift region
Authors: Chen Jone F. , Ai Teng-Jen , Tsai Yan-Lin , Hsu Hao-Tang , Chen Chih-Yuan , Hwang Hann-Ping 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The device characteristics and hot-carrier-induced degradation of high-voltage n-type metal–oxide–semiconductor transistors with traditional and gradual junctions in the drift region are studied in this work. The gradual junction used in this study is realized by self-aligned N− implantation through dual thicknesses of screen oxide during N− drift implantation. Compared with traditional devices, devices with gradual junctions have improved off-state breakdown voltage (V
BD) without sacrificing on-state driving current and hot-carrier-induced degradation. More improvement in V
BD is observed if the dimensions of the device are larger. The mechanism responsible for V
BD improvement in devices with gradual junctions is also investigated by using technology computer-aided-design simulations.
Optical two-beam traps in microfluidic systems
Authors: Berg-Sørensen Kirstine 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
An attractive solution for optical trapping and stretching by means of two counterpropagating laser beams is to embed waveguides or optical fibers in a microfluidic system. The microfluidic system can be constructed in different materials, ranging from soft polymers that may easily be cast in a rapid prototyping manner, to hard polymers that could even be produced by injection moulding, or to silica in which waveguides may either be written directly, or with grooves for optical fibers. Here, we review different solutions to the system and also show results obtained in a polymer chip with DUV written waveguides and in an injection molded polymer chip with grooves for optical fibers.
Quantum well intermixing technique using proton implantation for carrier confinement of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers
Authors: Moriwaki Shouhei , Saitou Minoru , Miyamoto Tomoyuki 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
We investigated quantum well intermixing (QWI) using proton implantation to form the carrier confinement structure in the active layer of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). The required potential barrier height is discussed referring to the result of numerical analysis. The bandgap change due to the QWI was investigated experimentally for various quantum well structures, proton dose densities, and thermal annealing conditions. A potential barrier height of 30 meV was observed using a high-indium and thin-well structure. High crystalline quality was confirmed by photoluminescence intensity measurement, even after the QWI process, and the lasing of the fabricated QWI-VCSEL was observed without any deterioration. The proposed technique would be effective in improving the device performance in a simple fabrication process.
Numerical simulations on inter-page crosstalk characteristics in three-dimensional shift multiplexed self-referential holographic data storage
Authors: Eto Taisuke , Takabayashi Masanori , Okamoto Atsushi , Bunsen Masatoshi , Okamoto Takashi 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
A three-dimensional (3D) shift multiplexing technique is applied to increase the number of multiplexed datapages in self-referential holographic data storage (SR-HDS), enabling holographic recording with purely one-beam geometry. In the 3D shift multiplexing technique, the recording medium is shifted not only along the x- and y-axes but also along the z-axis to multiplex the datapages. Because the shift directions in the 3D shift multiplexing technique are expanded compared with the conventional 2D technique, the number of multiplexed datapages is expected to be increased. We numerically clarify the appropriate 3D recording layout of holograms in which the effect of the inter-page crosstalk can be reduced after showing that datapages are multiplexed on shifting the recording medium along the z-axis. The results show 3D shift multiplexing can effectively realize high-density SR-HDS when appropriately designed layouts are used.