bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Mortality of the Prognostic Nutritional Index Combined with APACHE II Score for Critically Ill Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: Yuan Qi , Li Wen , Yang Kai , Guo Jing , Zheng Yishan 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT.
High mortality rates are commonly found in critically ill patients with tuberculosis (TB), which is due partially to limitations in the existing prognostic evaluation methods. Therefore, we aimed to find more effective prognostic evaluation tools to reduce the mortality rate. Data from critically ill patients with TB admitted to the intensive care unit of The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing, China, between January 2020 and December 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 115 patients were enrolled and divided into a survival group (n = 62) and a death group (n = 53) according to 30-day survival. Univariate and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses were used to investigate the risk factors for 30-day death in critically ill patients with TB. A prediction model for risk of 30-day mortality was developed for critically ill patients with TB in the intensive care unit. The LASSO regression model showed that the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Status (APACHE II) scores on the third day after admission to the intensive care unit were independent risk factors for 30-day mortality in critically ill patients with TB (P <0.05). The area under the curve value and that PA3 represents the combination of the PNI and APACHE II score on the third day, which was 0.952 (95% CI: 0.913–0.991, P <0.001), was significantly higher than that of the PNI or the APACHE II score on the third day. The new model is as follows: PA3 = APACHE II score (on the third day) × 0.421 – PNI × 0.204. The PNI combined with the APACHE II score on the third day could well predict the 30-day mortality risk of critically ill patients with TB.
Exploring the Utility of High-Resolution Ultrasonography and Color Doppler of Peripheral Nerves in Monitoring Response to Treatment in Leprosy Patients: A Prospective, Observational Study
Authors: Sharma Apoorva , Narang Tarun , Prakash Mahesh , Padhi Bijaya Kumar , Dogra Sunil 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT.
Diagnosis and monitoring of nerve function impairment (NFI) presents an ongoing challenge in global leprosy control. This was a prospective, observational study in leprosy patients receiving treatment with cutaneous and neurological examinations done every 3 months for 1 year. High-resolution ultrasonography and color Doppler (HRUS-CD) was performed in all patients at baseline, completion of treatment, and anytime during the study period if a patient had deterioration of nerve function noted clinically. All peripheral nerves were assessed, and parameters studied were cross-sectional area (CSA), length of thickening, endoneural flow signals (ENFS), and distortion in fascicular symmetry. Of 54 treatment-naive leprosy patients, loss of sensation was noted in 37 (68.5%), paresthesia in 20 (37.0%), and neuropathic pain in 7 (12.9%) at baseline presentation. At end of treatment of leprosy, maximum improvement in NFI across all clinical criteria was seen in ulnar and radial nerves (P <0.05). The number of impairments on HRUS-CD decreased consistently, significantly for ulnar (P = 0.009 right ulnar, P = 0.012 left ulnar) and right radial (P = 0.025) nerves, and significant improvements in CSA and ENFS were seen across multiple nerves, which correlated with improvement in NFI as well. Abnormal HRUS-CD findings in the target nerves were significantly associated with multibacillary cases (odds ratio [OR]: 4.33; 95% CI: 0.62–30.31), those in reaction (OR: 9.42; 95% CI: 1.51–58.66), and those older than 40 years (OR: 3.14; 95% CI: 0.49–19.93). This study provides objective evidence of improvement in NFI with anti-leprosy treatment, supporting integration of HRUS-CD imaging in monitoring nerve involvement in leprosy.
Case Report: A Case of Sporotrichoid Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania (Viannia) peruviana
Authors: Akine Dai , Sasahara Teppei , Hirota Yuka , Kato Hirotomo 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT.
Leishmaniasis is caused by an obligate intracellular protozoa of the genus Leishmania. Its clinical manifestations include cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral forms. Sporotrichoid cutaneous leishmaniasis (SCL) is an atypical and rare form of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) reported mainly in the Old World. This case report describes SCL in a Japanese man infected with Leishmania (Viannia) peruviana in Peru. His lesions occurred on both feet, with the left foot lesion being a simple CL that resolved spontaneously. However, the lesion on the right foot did not cure by itself; instead, it progressed centrally along the lymph nodes, eventually forming an SCL. Amastigotes were detected in both feet and genetically identified as L. (V.) peruviana. The lesions gradually resolved after treatment with intravenous liposomal amphotericin B. Here, we report the first case of SCL caused by L. (V.) peruviana.
Case Report: Re-Emergence of Cochliomyia hominivorax in Costa Rica: Report of a Human Myiasis Case 23 Years after Elimination
Authors: Venegas-Montero Daniela P. , Alfaro-Vellanero María J. , Rojas-Araya Diana , Calderón-Arguedas Ólger , Vargas-Castro Cinthya M. , Baldioceda-Villarreal Andrés , Chaves-González Luis Enrique , Camacho-Leandro Jacqueline , Troyo Adriana 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT.
The New World screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax Coquerel (Diptera: Calliphoridae), was officially eliminated from Costa Rica in 2000, but it was reintroduced in 2023. A myiasis by C. hominivorax in a 71-year-old man with a 4-month history of foot hyperkeratosis and interdigital ulcers is reported. The myiasis was detected before sampling for bacterial culture. Approximately 160 first- and second-instar larvae were recovered and identified as C. hominivorax. Morphological identification was based mainly on characteristics of the cephalopharyngeal skeleton, spiracles, and pigmented dorsal tracheal trunks. Sequencing of a cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene fragment confirmed the identity. The ulcers healed after extraction of the larvae and ciprofloxacin treatment of a concurrent Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Given the reintroduction of C. hominivorax in Costa Rica and the risk of northward expansion, this report highlights its impact on public health and calls for awareness among clinicians and healthcare practitioners.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN GAME SEDERHANA MEMANFAATKAN SOFTWARE YANG ADA DIKOMPUTER
Authors: Dayurni Popi , Umalihayati Umalihayati 
Published: September 2024

Games are a means of entertainment for most people. Games or better known as games in this era are no longer done outdoors by utilizing physical activity, but can be done indoors by utilizing technology such as computers. However, most people can only play computer games without knowing how to make a computer game by utilizing existing software. This training aims to introduce how to make simple computer games. The end of this training is expected to increase the soft skills of adolescents, especially at SMA Negeri 08 Serang City. There are 3 stages of methods carried out in this study, namely (1) Observation stage; (2) Demonstration stage; and (3) Question and answer stage. This activity received great attention from students. Students seemed very enthusiastic about paying attention and following the step by step making of this game.
Intrahepatic bilioma as a complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a case report
Authors: Pérez Juan Carlos Navarrete , Vaca Cindy Estefanía Mafla , Pinto Camila Alexandra Suárez , Ortega Cristina Noemi Camino 
Published: September 2024

A biloma is described as an encapsulated collection of intra- or extrahepatic bile related to trauma mechanisms at the level of the biliary tree. Its etiological origin is a traumatic injury following biliary or hepatic surgery, which can cause iatrogenic conditions. In some cases, it can resolve spontaneously, but this is very uncommon. Treatment focuses on performing percutaneous drainage, endoscopy, and should be associated with antibiotics according to the patient's requirements; in some cases, the placement of a stent will be necessary. It is important to note that if the biloma is associated with an infectious condition, it must be drained immediately.
On Perpetuating the Memory of Metropolitan Gabriel (Petrov) of Novgorod and St. Petersburg
Authors: Голубятникова Н.Д. 
Published: September 2024

В статье затрагивается тема сохранения исторической памяти о жизни и деятельности выдающегося архиерея XVIII в. митрополита Новгородского и Санкт-Петербургского Гавриила (Петрова-Шапошникова; 1730–1801), священноархимандрита Александро-Невской лавры. С именем этого выдающегося иерарха и его сподвижников связывают духовный подъем в Православной Церкви и русском обществе накануне Отечественной войны 1812 г. Однако ныне имя и облик сего «мужа высокого ума, строгого понятия, здравого рассуждения и великого просвещения» памятны лишь специалистам. Особое внимание в статье уделено истории поясного беломраморного горельефа митрополита Гавриила работы скульптора Ф. И. Шубина, с золоченой рамой работы П. П. Ажи, находившегося в 1792–1934 гг. в нише напротив раки с мощами св. Александра Невского в Троицком соборе лавры. Делается вывод о необходимости возвращения Церкви ее реликвий.
The article addresses the theme of preserving the historical memory of the life and activities of the prominent hierarch of the 18th century, Metropolitan of Novgorod and St. Petersburg, Gabriel (Petrov-Shaposhnikov; 1730–1801), the archimandrite of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. The name of this outstanding hierarch and his associates is associated with a spiritual uplift in the Orthodox Church and Russian society on the eve of the Patriotic War of 1812. However, today the name and image of this “man of high intellect, strict understanding, sound reasoning, and great enlightenment” are only remembered by specialists. The article pays special attention to the history of the waist-high white marble bas-relief of Metropolitan Gabriel, created by the sculptor F. I. Shubin, with a gilded frame by P. P. Aji, which was located from 1792 to 1934 in the niche opposite the shrine with the relics of St. Alexander Nevsky in the Trinity Cathedral of the lavra. The conclusion is drawn about the necessity of returning the relics to the Church.
"I Accuse" and "I Wander": on the Writer's Identity Formation from the SDGS Perspective
Authors: Weizhou Wang , Bee Lim Choon , Ser Wue Hiong 
Published: September 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the definition of writers, exploring the different configurations of writers in the context of diverse education, and learning about the importance of quality education for independent thinking and critical thinking.

Method: This research adopts the methods of literature research and close reading of texts, analyzing historical works, academic monographs, and literary works to summarize the experiences, creations, and identities of contemporary Chinese writers, forming a comprehensive perspective.

Results and Discussion: The writer is not only the material individual but also the creation main body, its position and the function in the literature field hold the balance. They are the primary force of literary production and the core of literary mechanism. After analyzing the history, definition and identity of a writer, we can divide the writer's identity into two types: the intellectual and the wanderer, which to some extent clears the fog of the writer's identity.

Originality/Value: The current academic attention to the writer's identity is insufficient, the writer's identity structure in literary research is still not clear. This has led to a divergence of views in the community and the academic community on the writer, almost all the discussions are in disputes and conflicts, and the writer's identity which is very vague is more complicated. This study clarifies the definition of writers, provides a clearer definition and conclusion on the identity configuration of writers, and highlights the importance of quality education for independent and critical thinking.
Tecnología Juncao como alternativa para la producción de alimento animal
Authors: Pérez Vera Armando Arturo , Fonseca Yero Maylin Leonor , Vicet Machado Laura , Lusson Puncet Juan Antonio 
Published: September 2024

La investigación se desarrolló en el Seminario para Funcionarios de Países de América Central sobre el Desarrollo de la Industria Juncao del 1ro al 29 de Junio de 2024, recibido en Juncao China, donde el Gobierno de la República Popular de China, brinda ayuda solidaria a países subdesarrollados en la Universidad de Agricultura y Silvicultura de Fujian China para aportar preparación a jóvenes de países subdesarrollados de las Américas en momentos de escases de recursos naturales, alimentos sanos y medicinas. El objetivo del trabajo fue hacer una indagación bibliográfica para profundizar en la Tecnología Juncao Gigante estudiada en el Seminario para Funcionarios de Países de América Central sobre el Desarrollo de la Industria Juncao en 2024. Se realizó el estudio bibliográfico revisión de artículos, memorias de eventos internacionales realizados en China, México, Colombia, Uruguay, donde se pudo conocer la importancia que tiene la tecnología Juncao se trata de un nuevo campo de investigación científica y el desarrollo industrial, sustentado en la integración entre hongos y hierbas, que permite la recuperación de suelos, así como la producción de alimentos, medicinas, y hasta biocombustibles, además se conoció que es muy parecida a la caña de azúcar o al bambú en sus primeras etapas, la planta ha resultado ser una especie de “milagro” para cultivar hongos comestibles, medicinales; forraje para el ganado y hasta para detener el avance de las dunas de arena y se concluyó planteando que Cuba por su clima podría plantar el Juncao como hierba híbrida e importante recurso agrícola multifuncional que sus hojas, tallos y raíces se pueden usar para diferentes tipos de manejo ecológico, tales como el control de la erosión del suelo o la prevención de la desertificación.
Pérdida de cobertura arbórea (período 2008 – 2018) a través de la herramienta Global Forest Watch en la parroquia Noboa
Authors: Pincay Baque Marvin Ariel 
Published: September 2024

Noboa es una parroquia rural del cantón 24 de mayo, provincia de Manabí, en este contexto se realizó la presente investigación con la finalidad de conocer la cantidad de pérdida de cobertura arbórea y las principales causas que la provocan. Los métodos utilizados fueron el descriptivo, deductivo y teórico, además se realizó un mapa del NDVI con imágenes satelitales Landsat 8 del año 2013 a través de Earth Explorer y con el programa QGIS desktop 3.16.1 se realizó el procedimiento para la obtención de rangos que van desde el -1 al +1, en los que valores que se acercan al uno positivo significa mayor presencia de vegetación y viceversa, así mismo la utilización de la herramienta global forest watch que muestra la cantidad de pérdida de cobertura arbórea en toda parcela mayor a 5 metros en la que se obtuvo una pérdida de 435 ha de cobertura arbórea de los años 2008 – 2018 en la parroquia, representando una disminución del 3,6% desde el año 2000. Las actividades humanas principales de la parroquia es la agricultura itinerante y forestal con 12288 ha, la ganadería con 3776 ha, poblados y vías con una extensión de 538 ha con una superficie de 16602 ha que representa la zona, las mismas que causan la pérdida arbórea y en su mayoría provocan incendios forestales por utilizar tierras en estas actividades.
Evaluating the Viability and Optimization of Plasma Pilot Plants
Authors: Ravish Sharma  , Rudraksh Tiwari  , Kash Dev Sharma  , Himmat Singh Mahor  , Khusvant Singh  
Published: September 2024

Nuclear fusion stands as a promising avenue for achieving a sustainable and abundant energy source. Central to this endeavor is the development of effective pilot plants capable of demonstrating the feasibility of fusion power on a commercial scale. This paper provides a comprehensive evaluation of three leading magnetic confinement fusion configurations: the Advanced Tokamak (AT), Spherical Tokamak (ST), and Compact Stellarator (CS).The Tokamak, characterized by its toroidal shape and strong magnetic fields, has been the most researched and developed fusion device. The analysis focuses on the challenges related to maintaining stability and minimizing disruptions. Furthermore, the optimization strategies involving advanced materials, superconducting magnets, and innovative plasma control techniques are discussed to enhance the Tokamak's viability. In contrast, the Spherical Tokamak, a variant with a more compact and spherical design, promises improved current advancements including the handling of higher heat loads and magnetic field configurations. The Stellarator, with its complex, twisted magnetic field structure, eliminates the need for continuous external current drive, addressing some intrinsic issues of the Tokamak. By comparing these configurations, the paper identifies the relative strengths and weaknesses of each approach in terms of confinement efficiency, operational stability, and engineering feasibility. The evaluation is supported by recent experimental data, simulation results, and technological advancements. Finally, the paper proposes a roadmap for the future development of fusion pilot plants, highlighting the need for an integrated approach that leverages the strengths of each configuration while addressing their individual challenges. The synthesis of this evaluation underscores the importance of continued research, cross-collaboration, and investment in advanced technologies to realize the goal of practical and economically viable fusion energy. This comparative analysis aims to provide a strategic framework for policymakers, researchers, and engineers in the fusion community, fostering informed decisions and prioritizing research efforts towards the most promising fusion energy configurations.
DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGES OF ABDOMINAL PAIN IN EMERGENCY SURGERY (CLINICAL RECOMMENDATIONS)
Authors: ჯიქია დ. , ჩხიკვაძე თ. , არჩვაძე ვ. 
Published: September 2024

მუცლის ტკივილი დღესაც კრიტიკული მედიცინის სადიაგნოსტიკო გამოწვევად რჩება. მუცლის ტკივილი გადაუდებელი მომართვების 5-10%-ს შედგენს. აქედან, ამბულატორულად გაწერილ პაციენტთა 25%-ში და სტაციონარში მოთავსებულ პაციენტთა 35-40%-ში დიაგნოზი არადიფერენცირებულია. დიფერენციალური დიაგნოზის არეალი ძალზე ფართო და მრავალფეროვანია, მოიცავს ინტრააბდომინურ და ექსტრააბდომინურ ქირურგიულ თუ არაქირურგიულ პათოლოგიებს. ასოცირებული სიმპტომები ხშირად მოკლებულია სპეციფიკურობას. ნაშრომში წარმოდგენილია მუცლის ტკივილის კლასიფიცირების სხვადასხვა ვარიანტები და მათი გამოყენების მნიშვნელობა მუცლის ტკივილის დიფერენციულ დიაგნოსტიკაში. ასევე, ყურადღება გამახვილებულია ანამნეზის შეკრების მნიშვნელობაზე და ანალგეზიის საკითხებზე გადაუდებელი დახმარების დანაყოფებში. მოცემულია ფიზიკალური კვლევის ალგორითმი. ვფიქრობთ, ნაშრომი საინტერესო იქნება გადაუდებელი დახმარების ექიმებისათვის, ქირურგებისთვის სტუდენტებისათვის.
Abdominal pain still remains a diagnostic challenge in critical medicine. Abdominal pain accounts for 5-10% of emergency adjustments. Of these, in 25% of outpatients and 35-40% of inpatients, the diagnosis is undifferentiated. The area of differential diagnosis is very wide and varied, including intra-abdominal and extra-abdominal surgical or non-surgical pathologies. Associated symptoms are often devoid of specificity. The paper presents different options for classifying abdominal pain and the importance of their use in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain. Also, the focus is on the importance of anamnesis gathering and analgesia issues in emergency departments. An algorithm for physical research is given. We think the paper will be of interest to emergency physicians, surgeons, and students.
DIAGNOSIS AND SURGICAL TREATMENT OF ACUTE CALCULOUS CHOLECYSTITIS IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 (CLINICAL CASE)
Authors: აბულაძე ვ. , გოლიაძე ლ. , დიდიძე ნ. , კიკვაძე თ. 
Published: September 2024

წარმოგიდგენთ COVID-19-ის მქონე პაციენტის შემთხვევას, რომელსაც სტაციონარული მკურნალობის პერიოდში განუვითარდა მწვავე კალკულოზური ქოლეცისტიტი. პაციენტი - 39 წლის მამაკაცი; ინფექციური დაავადებების განყოფილებაში მკურნალობდა COVID-19 დიაგნოზით 04.04.2020-დან 08.05.2020-მდე. სტაციონარული მკურნალობის 25-ე დღეს (29.04.2020) გადაუდებელი ჩვენების გამო - მწვავე კალკულოზური ქოლეცისტიტი - პაციენტს ჩაუტარდა ოპერაცია (ლაპარასკოპიული ქოლეცისტექტომია). ოპერაციის შემდგომი პერიოდი წარიმართა გართულებების გარეშე. 08.05.2020 პაციენტი გაეწერა კლინიკიდან გამოჯანმრთელებულ მდგომარეობაში.
We present the case of a patient with COVID-19 who developed acute calculous cholecystitis during inpatient treatment. Patient - 39 years old man; He was treated in the Department of Infectious Diseases with a diagnosis of COVID-19 from 04.04.2020 to 08.05.2020. On the 25th day of inpatient treatment (29.04.2020) due to urgent indications - acute calculous cholecystitis - the patient underwent surgery (laparoscopic cholecystectomy). The postoperative period proceeded without complications. 08.05.2020 The patient was discharged from the clinic in a state of recovery.
ახალი კორონავირუსით, SARS-CoV-2-ით, გამოწვეული ინფექციის (COVID-19) კლინიკური ასპექტები, ქირურგიული გართულებები და მკურნალობის თავისებურებები
Authors: Kapanadze M. , Abulashvili I. , Kharazishvili M. 
Published: September 2024

The study is based on Ltd. "Mardaleishvili Medical Center Rustavi" polyclinic clinic based on the data of patients treated in the last 8 months. The recovery of approximately 88% of severely co-infected patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit is associated with the correct evaluation of clinical-laboratory and diagnostic findings and the correlation of clinical data. Urgency of the topic: The course of pathological changes caused by "New Covid-19" in the infected human body, its clinical conditions and complications have not yet been fully studied, which gives the basis for a new "Covid-19" in a few years - That infection will be a topical medical topic.
კვლევა ეფუძნება პაციენტთა მონაცემებს, რომელთაც მკურნალობა ჩაუტარდათ შპს „მარდალეიშვილის სამედიცინო ცენტრი რუსთავის“ პოლიპროფილურ კლინიკაში, 8 თვის განმავლობაში. ინტენსიური თერაპიის განყოფილებაში ჰოსპიტალიზებული მძიმე კოვიდინფიცირებული პაციენტების დაახლოებით 88%-ის გამოჯანმრთელება დაკავშირებულია კლინიკო-ლაბორატორიული და სადიაგნოსტიკო დასკვნების სწორ შეფასებასთან და კლინიკური მონაცემებთან კორელაციასთან. თემის აქტუალურობა: ინფიცირებული ადამიანის ორგანიზმში კოვიდ-19-ით გამოწვეული პათოლოგიური ცვლილებების მიმდინარეობა, მასთან დაკავშირებული კლინიკური მდგომარეობები და გართულებები ჯერ კიდევ არასრულად არის შესწავლილი. ეს იძლევა საფუძველს ვივარაუდოთ, რომ კიდევ რამდენიმე წელი ახალი კორონავირუსული ინფექცია (SARS-CoV-2) და COVID-19, აქტიური სამედიცინო კვლევის და განხილვის საგანი იქნება.