bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standardized screening for periodontitis as an integral part of multidisciplinary management of adults with type 2 diabetes: an observational cross-sectional study of cohorts in the USA and UK
Authors: Pumerantz Andrew S , Bissett Susan M , Dong Fanglong , Ochoa Cesar , Wassall Rebecca R , Davila Heidi , Barbee Melanie , Nguyen John , Vila Pamela , Preshaw Philip M 
Published: July 2017

ObjectiveTo determine prevalence and factors predictive of periodontitis by using a standardized assessment model in adults with type 2 diabetes.Research design and methodsWe performed an observational cross-sectional study to determine the burden of periodontitis in adults with type 2 diabetes attending urban, ambulatory referral centers in the USA and UK. Full-mouth probing was performed and periodontitis was diagnosed based on either a low (≥5 mm at ≥1 site) or high pocket probing-depth threshold (≥6 mm at ≥1 site). Results were stratified into a five-stage schema and integrated with other clinical variables into the novel Diabetes Cross-Disciplinary Index to function as a balanced health scorecard. Corresponding demographic and routinely collected health data were obtained and comparisons were made between patients with and without periodontitis. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors predictive of the presence or absence of periodontitis.ResultsBetween our two cohorts, 253 patients were screened. Caucasians comprised >90% and Hispanic Americans >75% of the UK and US cohorts, respectively. Males and females were equally distributed; mean age was 53.6±11 years; and 17 (6.7%) were edentulous. Of the 236 dentate patients, 128 (54.2%) had periodontitis by low threshold and 57 (24.2%) by high threshold. Just 17 (7.2%) were periodontally healthy. No significant differences in age, HbA1c, blood pressure, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or smoking status (all p>0.05) were identified between those with or without periodontitis (regardless of threshold) and none was found to be a significant predictor of disease.ConclusionsPeriodontitis is frequent in adults with type 2 diabetes and all should be screened. Periodontal health status can be visualized with other comorbidities and complications using a novel balanced scorecard that could facilitate patient–clinician communication, shared decision-making, and prioritization of individual healthcare needs.
Glucose-lowering effect of whey protein depends upon clinical characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Almario Rogelio U , Buchan Wendy M , Rocke David M , Karakas Sidika E 
Published: July 2017

ObjectiveWhey protein (WP) intake has been shown to reduce postprandial glycemia. Majority of WP research in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) involved acute challenge or weight loss studies. It is not known if WP supplementation can provide sustained glucose lowering. Our goal was to investigate the effects of WP on glycemia comprehensively by using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) while avoiding the confounding effects of variable food intake through controlled feeding.Research design and methodsThis double-blinded and placebo (PL)-controlled study included 22 patients with T2DM patients (11 male, 11 female; age 57.1±12.6 years) on diet or metformin monotherapy. First, one serving (21 g) of WP was compared with PL in parallel-armed acute challenge studies. Next, in a crossover design, each patient underwent CGM twice, over 2 consecutive weeks, 3.5 days each week. Identical diets were provided by the study during both CGM periods. During the first CGM, one serving of either WP or PL was consumed before breakfast and another before dinner. During the second CGM, participants switched to the alternate supplement. Order of the supplements was randomized.ResultsDuring acute challenge studies, WP stimulated insulin and glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 secretion; suppressed ghrelin (all p<0.05), while PL had no effect. During CGM, glucose response to WP varied depending on the baseline characteristics of the patients. When evaluated using linear regression, the most predictive baseline variables were body mass index (BMI) (p=0.0006), triglycerides (p=8.3×10−5) and GLP-1 (p=0.006). Lower BMI, triglyceride and GLP-1 predicted decreased glucose levels on WP. Obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and high fasting GLP-1 concentrations predicted increased glucose levels.ConclusionsEffects of WP supplementation on glycemia in T2DM depend on the baseline characteristics. Lower body weight, normal triglyceride and lower GLP-1 levels predict glucose lowering. In contrast, obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and high baseline GLP-1 predict increased glucose response.
Patients’ experiences of person-centred integrated heart failure care and palliative care at home: an interview study
Authors: Talabani Naghada , Ängerud Karin Hellström , Boman Kurt , Brännström Margareta 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesPatients with severe heart failure (HF) suffer from a high symptom burden and high mortality. European and Swedish guidelines for HF care recommend palliative care for these patients. Different models for integrated palliative care and HF care have been described in the literature. No studies were found that qualitatively evaluated these models. The purpose of this study is to describe patients' experiences of a new model of person-centred integrated HF and palliative care at home.MethodInterviews were conducted with 12 patients with severe HF (New York Heart Association class IIIâ€“IV) and included in the research project of Palliative advanced home caRE and heart FailurE caRe (PREFER). Qualitative content analysis was used for data analysis.ResultsTwo themes and a total of five categories were identified. The first theme wasfeeling secure and safe through receiving care at homewith the categories:having access to readily available care at home, being followed up continuouslyandhaving trust in the team members' ability to help. The second theme wasbeing acknowledged as both a person and a patient, with the following two categories:being met as a person, participating in decisions about one’s careandreceiving help for symptoms of both HF and comorbidities.ConclusionsPerson-centred integrated HF and palliative care provides a secure environment and holistic care for patients with severe HF. This approach is a way to improve the care management in this population.Trial registration numberNCT01304381; Results.
Acupuncture for the treatment of obesity in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Rong-Qiang , Tan Jiao , Li Feng-Ying , Ma Yong-Hong , Han Li-Xin , Yang Xiao-Li 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjectiveMeta-analysis was used to assess the clinical efficacy of acupuncture treatment for simple obesity and to provide evidence-based medical data for treating obesity with acupuncture.MethodsA comprehensive search of studies on MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Chinese databases (Wan Fang,CNKI and VIP) from 1 January 1915 through 30 November 2015 (MEDLINE search updated through 31 December 2015) was performed. We included only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that used acupuncture and sham acupuncture to treat simple obesity. The effect of acupuncture on simple obesity was measured using body mass index (BMI), body fat mass (BFM), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and body weight (BW). The Jadad scale was used to assess methodological quality. The random effects model was used in the pooled analysis to adjust for the heterogeneity of the included studies, and funnel plots were used to examine publication bias. The differences between treatment groups were reported as mean differences (MD).ResultsEleven RCTs were selected after all relevant literature from the electronic databases had been screened. There were 338 and 305 participants in the acupuncture and sham acupuncture groups, respectively. Auricular and electro acupuncture were both able to reduce BMI in obese patients (MD 0.47 kg/m2, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.58, p&lt;0.001; MD 0.50 kg/m2, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.62, p&lt;0.001). BFM change after acupuncture treatment compared with sham treatment was statistically significant (MD 0.66 kg, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.80, p&lt;0.001). There were also significant differences in WC and HC between the acupuncture and sham acupuncture groups (MDwc2.02 cm, 95% CI 0.21 to 3.83, p=0.03; MDHC2.74 cm, 95% CI 1.21 to 4.27, p=0.0004). BW was not statistically significantly different between the acupuncture and sham acupuncture groups (MD 0.60 kg, 95% CI −0.20 to 1.39, p=0.14). Begg’s test and funnel plots showed that the potential publication bias of the included studies was very slight (p&gt;0.05).ConclusionAcupuncture for simple obesity appeared to be an effective treatment, but more studies on the safety of acupuncture used to treat simple obesity are required.
Social Class Language Differences in Group Discussions
Authors: Lawton Denis 
Published: July 2017

This report deals with the second stage of a three-part study of groups of working-class and middle-class boys of average intelligence aged 12 and 15. The first part (Lawton, 1963) consisted of an analysis of the written language of these boys; the second part is an analysis of some aspects of the speech of the same boys in group discussions; the final stage will deal with the speech of the same subjects in individual interviews. The purpose of this second part of the study was to provide data comparable with that contained in Bernstein's paper (1962b), to compare the results of 15 year old boys with those of boys aged 12, and also to make possible a comparison of the written and spoken modes of language of the same subjects.
Metrical Segmentation in Dutch: Vowel Quality or Stress?
Authors: Quené Hugo , Koster Mariëtte L. 
Published: July 2017

Previous experiments using a word-spotting task suggest that English listeners use metrically strong syllables to segment continuous speech into discrete words (Cutler & Norris, 1988). The present study is concerned with this metrical segmentation strategy in Dutch. Although Dutch and English share general metrical properties, they differ in ways that may affect segmentation. First, the acoustic cues for metrically strong syllables are less salient in Dutch than in English; hence a metrical segmentation strategy is less likely to be applied by Dutch listeners. Second, vowel quality depends less on metrical structure in Dutch than in English; hence segmentation in Dutch is presumably triggered by other acoustic cues, namely, those related to stress. Experiment 1 shows that stress strongly affects Dutch listeners' ability and speed in spotting Dutch monosyllabic words in disyllabic nonwords. Experiment 2, however, finds the same stress effect when only the target words are presented, without a subsequent syllable triggering segmentation. A third experiment shows a small effect of vowel quality on error scores, but not on latencies. These results suggest that Dutch listeners do not apply a metrical segmentation strategy. The discrepancy between the two languages suggests that segmentation strategies may depend on language-specific regularities in the phonology and in the lexicon.
Women Doing Mission Theology
Authors: Adeney Frances S. 
Published: July 2017

Traditionally doing theology has been the domain of men. Yet, throughout Christian history, there have always been a few women that have defied this pattern. As Christian women, they took on mission tasks. They developed mission theologies. This paper contrasts the traditional method of doing top down theology in the Imperial Mood to a method that women use to develop theologies — the Contextual Mood. Although this process of experience/action/reflection has been used by women for centuries, post-colonial critiques of Christian mission brings this methodology into prominence as a most suitable method of doing mission theology in the postmodern era. Moving this methodology from the pre-theoretical, intuitive domain into conscious understanding and articulation can turn the contextual method into a strong tool for developing women mission theologies.
Bibliographia Missionaria: Thermometer of Missiology
Authors: Winter Harry E. 
Published: July 2017

Can German Catholic missionary bibliographers find happiness in a French Catholic missionary order, and then adapt to working with conciliar and evangelical Protestant bibliographers? Bibliographia Missionaria's change from Italian to English also raises the problem of American cultural imperialism if all our reference tools are in English. Bibliographia Missionaria reflects the strengths and weaknesses of the modern missionary movement, especially cross-cultural development.
Efficiency of Modified Phthalocyanine Compounds as Antioxidants and UV Stabilizers for SBR Vulcanizates
Authors: Botros S. H. , El-Ghaffar M. A. Abd 
Published: July 2017

Modified phthalocyanine compounds were prepared from the condensation of 3, 4, 9, 10 perylene tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, phthalic anhydride and urea with and without chloride salts of Fe II, Co II, and Ni II, under phthalocyanine preparation conditions by the urea fusion technique. The highly coloured metal free-, Fe-, Co-, and Ni-modified phthalocyanine compounds were incorporated into styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) mixes. The rheometric characteristics of the rubber mixes were determined. The physico-mechanical properties of SBR vulcanizates were evaluated with and without exposure to thermal ageing. The obtained results revealed that Ni-modified phthalocyanine has superior efficiency as an antioxidant for SBR vulcanizates, and 1 phr of that compound is the optimum concentration. UV exposed SBR vulcanizates showed that nickel-modified phthalocyanine is a good UV stabilizer and 2 phr is the optimum concentration that can be significantly used in SBR. All samples subjected to UV radiation showed no significant change of colour up to 300 hrs of exposure.
Outlook for North American Natural Gas Supplies
Authors: Kuuskraa Vello A. 
Published: July 2017

The underlying resource base for North American natural gas is large, sufficient for nearly 100 years of current consumption. As such, the issues are not the size of the resource, but how to convert this resource into economically competitive supply. The key questions are: * Will the cost (price) of natural gas remain competitive? * What is the status of near-term deliverability? * Will there be enough supply to meet growing demand? These economic and market issues frame the outlook for gas supplies in North America. Most importantly, they will determine how natural gas emerges from its competition for markets with other fuels and electricity. The paper addresses these questions by examining: (1) the underlying nature of the natural gas resource base; (2) the current status and trends in deliverability: and, (3) the potential of new technologies for producing gas more cost-effectively.
Carbon Business Accounting: The Impact of Global Warming on the Cost and Management Accounting Profession
Authors: Ratnatunga Janek T. D. , Balachandran Kashi R. 
Published: July 2017

The concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have risen dramatically, leading to the possibility of costly disruption from rapid climate change. This calls for greater attention and precautionary measures to be put in place, both globally and locally. Governments, business entities and consumers would be affected by the extent to which such precautionary measures are incorporated in their decision-making process. Business entities need to consider such issues as trading in carbon allowances (or permits), investing in low-carbon dioxide (CO2) emission technologies, counting the costs of carbon regularity compliance, and passing on the increased cost of carbon regulation to consumers through higher prices. Such considerations require information for informed decision making. This paper reports on a qualitative research study undertaken to consider the impact of the Kyoto Protocol mechanisms on the changing information paradigms of cost and managerial accounting. It is demonstrated that the information from strategic cost management systems will be particularly useful in this new carbon economy, especially in evaluating the “whole-of-life” costs of products and services in terms of carbon emissions. Similarly, the study discusses how strategic management accounting information would facilitate decisions on business policy, human resource management, marketing, supply chain management, and finance strategies and the resultant evaluation of performance.
Inverse Gas Chromatography in the Examination of Modified Highly Dispersed Silicas
Authors: Voelkel A. , Krysztafkiewicz A. , Grześkowiak T. 
Published: July 2017

Silicas having a highly extended outer surface, i.e. silicas precipitated from sodium metasilicate solutions, were used as the raw materials in the present study. Highly dispersed silicas were modified with silane coupling agents to decrease their surface hydrophilicity. The modification procedure was optimized, e.g. by the change of the modifier amounts added. Modified silicas were characterized by means of inverse gas chromatography at infinite dilution through the estimation of their dispersive and acid–base characteristics. The dispersive component of the surface free energy γds, the specific increment of the free energy of adsorption ΔGS, and the parameters KD and KA characterizing the ability of the surface to act as an electron donor and an electron acceptor, respectively, as well as SC = KD/KA, were used in this study. The physicochemical status of the modifier monolayer was described by a solubility parameter and its components. The influence of the surface character of the raw material, the modifier structure and its amount on the surface properties of the modified material is presented and discussed.
Adsorptive and Membrane-Type Separations: A Bibliographical Update (1998)
Authors: Ray Martyn S. 
Published: July 2017

This paper continues a series of annual bibliographic updates of the published literature (since 1985) on adsorptive and membrane-type separations (see Ray 1990–1998). This paper provides a useful and quick reference source to the 1998 journal literature (from the 50 most important chemical engineering journals) for researchers in this area. The papers included here have been divided into the following subject groups: theory; design data; adsorbents; PSA and cyclic systems, and applications; liquid-phase adsorption; ion exchange, chromatography and related separations; membranes; and membrane-type separations. A new edited book (Dabrowski 1999) concerned with adsorption and related separations also contains extensive bibliographies prepared by this author. A complete bibliographic listing of the chemical engineering journal literature from 1959 to 1998 (with subsequent six-monthly updates) is available on a CD-ROM database and full details can be obtained from the author.
A Vacuum and/or Pressure Forming System Using a Prepreg Sheet of FRP with a Gel Coat Layer
Authors: Fukada Akihiko , Kohama Katsumi , Abe Tomohisa , Okamoto Hiroshi 
Published: July 2017

This paper introduces a new vacuum and/or pressure forming system using a prepreg sheet which consists of two thickened layers of unsaturated polyester, i.e., FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastic) and gel coat layers, sandwiched by two stretchable films. The efforts were focused on the development of sheet construction, material properties and processing conditions. The difficulties in the development of this system are found in; 1. uneven thickness distribution in a molding 2. vaporization of vinyl monomer 3. gel coat cracks These difficulties were solved by the chemical modifications of resin such as; 1. unifying the apparent tensile modulus of each layer by controlling the viscosity 2. reducing the maximum exothermal temperature 3. shortening the gel time and by the physical modifications of processing conditions such as selection of an appropriate forming rate. The expected application area of this new system is also mentioned briefly.
A Comparative Overview of Strain Actuated Surfaces' Design
Authors: Santini Paolo , Gasbarri Paolo , Altobelli Matteo , Rossi Anna 
Published: July 2017

In this paper two different approaches to design of strain actuated lifting surfaces are compared with each other and with a classical aeroelastic tailoring method. Piezoelectric actuation is accomplished by piezo-patches embedded in the wing's composite lay-up and piezoelectric ribs (piezo-ribs) placed spanwise. If the piezoelectric patches are isotropic in their plane they can not directly induce any twist effect in the wing. Thus, in this case, the wing can undergo twisting only as an effect of the coupling (due to tailoring and wing sweep angle) between bending and twisting torques. When piezoelectric patches are used, this configuration is not yet the most effective one. In fact, the largest electromechanical coupling coefficient, which is the one in the direction of the applied electric field, is not thoroughly exploited. On the other hand, piezo-ribs are able to induce not only bending but also pure twisting deformation and exploit the largest electromechanic coupling effect so they may provide the designer with a higher control authority. However, this kind of control involves larger weight. In this paper, aeroelastic wing performance for these different configurations is analyzed. Moreover, the comparison is also made in terms of energy consumption. Numerical examples complete the work.
The Influence of Flow Conditions and Injection Parameters on the Bond Strength of Compatible Material Combinations
Authors: Kuhmann K. , Ehrenstein G. W. 
Published: July 2017

In multi-component injection molding of rigid/rigid and rigid/flexible thermoplast combinations, e.g., ABS/PBT or PA/TPU, the attainable bond strength of the composite is important under both mechanical load and influence of media. The bond strength is influenced not only by the material combination and the process parameters but also by flow and cooling conditions in the mold as well as by the part design. In this work the injection molding process is experimentally analyzed by molding specimens out of two compatible thermoplasts under variation of the processing conditions. The bond strength is characterized by tensile tests. It is shown, that the achieved bond strength depends strongly on the distance from the gate and the flow direction in addition to the injection parameters.
Indo—Us Relations: Search for Mature and Constructive Ties
Authors: Shrivastava B.K. 
Published: July 2017

Rajiv Gandhi's election as the Prime Minister has aroused enthusiasm and hope for change. However, the chances of major changes in either the structure or the orientation of foreign policy are remote. The present policies have evolved in response to challenges posed by developments in India's external policy environment. For this reason the Janata Party, not bound by any loyalty to the past, was unable to change the orientation of the nation's foreign policy. There was infact no alternative which the thinking public in this country would have accepted as reasonable. Nevertheless within the given structure and orientation of foreign policy significant changes are feasible. Today the world is moving from one stage to another of higher technology. The Western countries, particularly the United States, holds the key to this transformation. India has already obtained from the Soviet Union whatever assistance it could for its economic development. Growth to a higher stage requires cooperation of the western world. On the other hand, political and strategic compulsions force us to maintain close relations with the Soviet Union. The situation in which we are placed thus reinforces the logic of non-alignment. China going through its four-fold modernization adds urgency to our situation. Despite the preeminence of the Super Powers the world is still multi-polar—and every nation will have to learn to live with it. Therefore, despite the fact that the United States' actions threaten our security and it carries the major responsibility for the present state of relations, the new Indian Government needs to carry on the initiative for improving relations.