bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intramedullary Nailing Combined with Bone Grafting for Benign Lesions of the Proximal Femur
Authors: Zhang Yan , Li Jia‐zhen , Lu Xin‐chang , Zhang Yi , Zhang Huai‐shuan , Shi Hai‐long , Lei Zheng , Feng Guang , Fu Wei‐ping 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of intramedullary nailing for benign lesions of the proximal femur.MethodA retrospective analysis was carried out on 68 cases of benign lesions in the proximal femur at our hospital from April 2002 to April 2013 (38 men and 30 women). Mean age at surgery was 35.5 years (range, 22–56 years). The cases were divided into two groups: curettage of the lesion with bone grafting only as the grafting group (32 cases) and internal fixation after removal of the lesion as the fixation group (36 cases). For the grafting group, lesions were scraped out, deactivated and washed thoroughly with normal saline, then the allogeneic bone was implanted. For the fixation group, after the lesions were scraped, the intramedullary nails were implanted, and allogeneic bone was implanted into the scraped cavity with compaction.ResultsPathological examination showed that 24 out of 68 cases (35.3%) had simple bone cysts (suffered from pathological fracture in 2 cases); 21 (30.9%) fibrous dysplasia; 18 (26.5%) aneurysmal bone cysts; 3 (4.4%) chondroblastoma, 2 (2.9%) out of which were combined with aneurysmal bone cysts. All patients were followed up for 12–96 months (56 months for mean). In the grafting group, 4 patients had postoperative complications (1 pathological bone fractures and 3 deep vein thrombosis), but only 1 patient of the fixation group (deep vein thrombosis) (P < 0.05). The average bedridden time after surgery was 11.4 ± 7.6 days for the grafting group, and for the other group was 7.5 ± 5.4 days (
P
< 0.05).ConclusionBoth treatments are effective for benign lesions in the proximal femur, but the fixation group facilitated the functional recovery of patients and reduced postoperative complications.
Decreased blood product usage during extracorporeal life support with reduced circuit volumes
Authors: Addison Samuel D. , Buck Marcia L. , Fang Gary Y. , Gangemi James J. , Kaufman David A. 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUNDActivation and consumption of platelets (PLT) and clotting factors along with hemolysis occurs when blood contacts the extracorporeal life support (ECLS) circuit and its components.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSThe objective was to examine the effects of reducing ECLS circuit volume by decreasing tubing length and changing components on blood product usage in neonatal and pediatric patients. Blood product administration was analyzed in 40 consecutive patients who required ECLS for respiratory or cardiac failure before (PRE) and after (POST) changes in circuit design and components.RESULTSThe total circuit volume was reduced from 500 mL (PRE) to 275 mL (POST). In the POST group, total blood product volume usage was 58% lower compared to the PRE group (81 mL/kg/day vs. 191 mL/kg/day, p = 0.003), 65% lower for fresh‐frozen plasma (FFP; 15 mL/kg/day vs. 43 mL/kg/day, p = 0.001), and PLT volumes trended lower. In the subgroup of infants with respiratory or cardiac failure, there was a 55% reduction of a total blood product replacement (61 mL/kg/day vs. 136 mL/kg/day, p = 0.008), red blood cell (RBC) use was 61% lower (28 mL/kg/day vs. 71 mL/kg/day, p < 0.049), and there was a 73% reduction in FFP use (11 mL/kg/day vs. 41 mL/kg/day, p < 0.001). In the subgroup of postoperative infants, there was a 25% decrease in RBC use (86 mL/kg/day vs. 115 mL/kg/day, p = 0.03).CONCLUSIONDecreasing the ECLS circuit volume by reducing the tubing length and changing the components was associated with a significant reduction in blood product usage.
African Swine Fever Virus NP868R Capping Enzyme Promotes Reovirus Rescue during Reverse Genetics by Promoting Reovirus Protein Expression, Virion Assembly, and RNA Incorporation into Infectious Virions
Authors: Eaton Heather E. , Kobayashi Takeshi , Dermody Terence S. , Johnston Randal N. , Jais Philippe H. , Shmulevitz Maya 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
Reoviruses, like many eukaryotic viruses, contain an inverted 7-methylguanosine (m7G) cap linked to the 5′ nucleotide of mRNA. The traditional functions of capping are to promote mRNA stability, protein translation, and concealment from cellular proteins that recognize foreign RNA. To address the role of mRNA capping during reovirus replication, we assessed the benefits of adding the African swine fever virus NP868R capping enzyme during reovirus rescue. C3P3, a fusion protein containing T7 RNA polymerase and NP868R, was found to increase protein expression 5- to 10-fold compared to T7 RNA polymerase alone while enhancing reovirus rescue from the current reverse genetics system by 100-fold. Surprisingly, RNA stability was not increased by C3P3, suggesting a direct effect on protein translation. A time course analysis revealed that C3P3 increased protein synthesis within the first 2 days of a reverse genetics transfection. This analysis also revealed that C3P3 enhanced processing of outer capsid μ1 protein to μ1C, a previously described hallmark of reovirus assembly. Finally, to determine the rate of infectious-RNA incorporation into new virions, we developed a new recombinant reovirus S1 gene that expressed the fluorescent protein UnaG. Following transfection of cells with UnaG and infection with wild-type virus, passage of UnaG through progeny was significantly enhanced by C3P3. These data suggest that capping provides nontraditional functions to reovirus, such as promoting assembly and infectious-RNA incorporation.

IMPORTANCE
Our findings expand our understanding of how viruses utilize capping, suggesting that capping provides nontraditional functions to reovirus, such as promoting assembly and infectious-RNA incorporation, in addition to enhancing protein translation. Beyond providing mechanistic insight into reovirus replication, our findings also show that reovirus reverse genetics rescue is enhanced 100-fold by the NP868R capping enzyme. Since reovirus shows promise as a cancer therapy, efficient reovirus reverse genetics rescue will accelerate production of recombinant reoviruses as candidates to enhance therapeutic potency. NP868R-assisted reovirus rescue will also expedite production of recombinant reovirus for mechanistic insights into reovirus protein function and structure.
Fruit and vegetable consumption and psychological distress: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses based on a large Australian sample
Authors: Nguyen Binh , Ding Ding , Mihrshahi Seema 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesGrowing evidence suggests a link between diet and mental health. This study aimed to investigate the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and the prevalence and incidence of psychological distress in middle-aged and older Australians.DesignCross-sectional and prospective.SettingNew South Wales, Australia.MethodsA sample of 60 404 adults aged ≥45 years completed baseline (2006–2008) and follow-up (2010) questionnaires. Psychological distress was assessed at baseline and follow-up using the validated Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), a 10-item questionnaire measuring general anxiety and depression. Psychological distress was defined as the presence of high-to-very high levels of distress (K10 score ≥22). Usual fruit and vegetable consumption was assessed using short validated questions. The association between baseline fruit and vegetable consumption and the prevalence or incidence of psychological distress was examined using logistic regression models.ResultsAt baseline, 5.6% reported psychological distress. After a mean 2.7 years of follow-up, 4.0% of those who did not report distress at baseline reported distress at follow-up. Baseline fruit and vegetable consumption considered separately or combined, was associated with a lower prevalence of psychological distress even after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle risk factors. Baseline fruit and vegetable consumption, measured separately or combined, was associated with a lower incidence of psychological distress in minimally adjusted models. Most of these associations remained significant at medium levels of intake but were no longer significant at the highest intake levels in fully adjusted models.ConclusionsIncreasing fruit and vegetable consumption may help reduce psychological distress in middle-aged and older adults. However, the association of fruit and vegetable consumption with the incidence of psychological distress requires further investigation, including the possibility of a threshold effect between medium and higher consumption levels.
Prospects of direct search for dark photon and dark Higgs in SeaQuest/E1067 experiment at the Fermilab main injector
Authors: Liu Ming Xiong 
Published: March 2017

In this review, we present the current status and prospects of the dark sector physics search program of the SeaQuest/E1067 fixed target dimuon experiment at Fermilab Main Injector. There has been tremendous excitement and progress in searching for new physics in the dark sector in recent years. Dark sector refers to a collection of currently unknown particles that do not directly couple with the Standard Model (SM) strong and electroweak (EW) interactions but assumed to carry gravitational force, thus could be candidates of the missing Dark Matter (DM). Such particles may interact with the SM particles through “portal” interactions. Two of the simple possibilities are being investigated in our initial search: (1) dark photon and (2) dark Higgs. They could be within immediate reach of current or near future experimental search. We show there is a unique opportunity today at Fermilab to directly search for these particles in a highly motivated but uncharted parameter space in high-energy proton–nucleus collisions in the beam-dump mode using the 120 GeV proton beam from the Main Injector. Our current search window covers the mass range 0.2–10 GeV/c2, and in the near future, by adding an electromagnetic calorimeter (EMCal) to the spectrometer, we can further explore the lower mass region down to about [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]1 MeV/c2 through the di-electron channel. If dark photons (and/or dark Higgs) were observed, they would revolutionize our understanding of the fundamental structures and interactions of our universe.
Neuropeptide Y3-36 incorporated into PVAX nanoparticle improves functional blood flow in a murine model of hind limb ischemia
Authors: Eshun Derek , Saraf Rabya , Bae Soochan , Jeganathan Jelliffe , Mahmood Feroze , Dilmen Serkan , Ke Qingen , Lee Dongwon , Kang Peter M. , Matyal Robina 
Published: March 2017

We generated a novel nanoparticle called PVAX, which has intrinsic antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties. This nanoparticle was loaded with neuropeptide Y3–36 (NPY3–36), an angiogenic neurohormone that plays a central role in angiogenesis. Subsequently, we investigated whether PVAX-NPY3–36 could act as a therapeutic agent and induce angiogenesis and vascular remodeling in a murine model of hind limb ischemia. Adult C57BL/J6 mice ( n = 40) were assigned to treatment groups: control, ischemia PBS, ischemia PVAX, ischemia NPY3–36, and Ischemia PVAX-NPY3–36. Ischemia was induced by ligation of the femoral artery in all groups except control and given relevant treatments (PBS, PVAX, NPY3–36, and PVAX-NPY3–36). Blood flow was quantified using laser Doppler imaging. On days 3 and 14 posttreatment, mice were euthanized to harvest gastrocnemius muscle for immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Blood flow was significantly improved in the PVAX-NPY3–36 group after 14 days. Western blot showed an increase in angiogenic factors VEGF-R2 and PDGF-β ( P = 0.0035 and P = 0.031, respectively) and antiapoptotic marker Bcl-2 in the PVAX-NPY3–36 group compared with ischemia PBS group ( P = 0.023). Proapoptotic marker Smad5 was significantly decreased in the PVAX-NPY3–36 group as compared with the ischemia PBS group ( P = 0.028). Furthermore, Y2 receptors were visualized in endothelial cells of newly formed arteries in the PVAX-NPY3–36 group. In conclusion, we were able to show that PVAX-NPY3–36 can induce angiogenesis and arteriogenesis as well as improve functional blood flow in a murine model of hind limb ischemia. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our research project proposes a novel method for drug delivery. Our patented PVAX nanoparticle can detect areas of ischemia and oxidative stress. Although there have been studies about delivering angiogenic molecules to areas of ischemic injury, there are drawbacks of nonspecific delivery as well as short half-lives. Our study is unique because it can specifically deliver NPY3–36 to ischemic tissue and appears to extend the amount of time therapy is available, despite NPY3–36’s short half-life.
Modeling and Simulation of Closed Loop Controlled Parallel Cascaded Buck Boost Converter Inverter Based Solar System
Authors: Sundar T. , Sankar S. 
Published: March 2017

<p>This Work deals with design, modeling and simulation of parallel cascaded buck boost converter inverter based closed loop controlled solar system. Two buck boost converters are cascaded in parallel to reduce the ripple in DC output. The DC from the solar cell is stepped up using boost converter. The output of the boost converter is converted to 50Hz AC using single phase full bridge inverter. The simulation results of open loop and closed loop systems are compared. This paper has presented a simulink model for closed loop controlled solar system. Parallel cascaded buck boost converter is proposed for solar system.</p>
Partial Shading in Building Integrated PV System: Causes, Effects and Mitigating Techniques
Authors: Salam Zainal , Ramli Zulkifli , Ahmed Jubaer , Amjad Muhammad 
Published: March 2017

This paper is aimed to provide a holistic understanding on the issues related to partial shading: its causes, the theoretical and physical reasons behind it, its implications on the BIPV system. Furthermore the possible mitigation techniques using the software (MPPT) and hardware solutions are discussed. Finally an example is given to illustrate the impact of partial shading and the economic benefits of employing various partial shading mitigation techniques into the BIPV system To aid the unfamiliar readers in this subject, a brief but comprehensive overview of important PV concepts are also given.
A Novel Transient Current Limiter Based on Three-Phase Thyristor Bridge for Y-yg Transformers
Authors: Shrivastav Alok Kumar , Sadhu Pradip Kumar , Ganguly Ankur , Pal Nitai 
Published: March 2017

The transformer in flux current may be a transient current that happens in electrical devices has been charged. This current depends on completely different parameters probably the voltage magnitude, the switching on angle the permanent flux, the core physical phemeon characteristics, the primary circuit resistance, etc. To beat the issues arising owing to transients, these are required to be suppressed.In this paper, an easy and economical techniquie is conferred to limit the transient current of the Y-yg transformers. One amongst the most benefit of this technique is it doesn’t would like any negative feedback circuit or activity unit. The tactic relies on a three-phase thyristors bridge single LC reactor with the individual phases of electrical device. Since the amount of thyristors is reduced, the voltage ripple, electrical losses and therefore the malfunction likelihood due to device failure is reduced significantly. The projected technique has been simulated by MATLAB simulation. It’s shown that the projected style is a lot of economical for the transient current limitation of Y-yg transformers.
Utlization Cat Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Selected Harmonic Elemination in Current Source Inverter
Authors: Hosseinnia Hamed , Farsadi Murteza 
Published: March 2017

The voltage source inverter (VSI) and Current source inverter (CSI) are two types of traditional power inverter topologies.In this paper selective harmonic elimination (SHE) Algorithm was impelemented to CSI and results has been investigated. Cat swarm (CSO) optimization is a new meta-heuristic algorithm which has been used in order to tuning switching parameters in optimized value.Objective fuction is reduction of total harmonic distortion(THD) in inverters output currents.All of simulation has been carried out in Matlab/Software.
Experimental Comparison between Four and Six Switch Inverters Fed FLC Based Speed Sensorless IM Drives at Very Low Speed
Authors: Elbarbary Z.M.S. 
Published: March 2017

<p>This paper introduces experimental comparison study between six and four switch inverter fed three phase induction motor drive system. The control strategy of the drive is based on speed sensoreless vector control using model reference adaptive system as a speed estimator. The adaptive mechanism of speed control loop depends on fuzzy logic control. Four switch inverter conFigureurations reduces the cost of the inverter, the switching losses, the complexity of the control algorithms, interface circuits, the computation of real-time implementation, volume-compactness and reliability of the drive system. The robustness of the proposed model reference adaptive system based on four switch three-phase inverter (FSTPI) fed induction motor drive is verified experimentally at different operating conditions. Experimental work is carried using digital signal processor (DSP1103) for a 1.1 kW motor. A performance comparison of the proposed FSTP inverter fed IM drive with a conventional six switch three-phase inverter (SSTP) inverter system is also made in terms of speed response. The results show that the proposed drive system provides a fast speed response and good disturbance rejection capability. The proposed FSTP inverter fed IM drive is found quite acceptable considering its performance, cost reduction and other advantages features.</p>
Analysis of Three and Five-phase Double Stator Slotted Rotor Permanent Magnet Generator (DSSR-PMG)
Authors: Suhairi R. , Firdaus R. N. , Azhar F. , Karim K.A. , Jidin A. , Khamis A. , Ibrahim Z. , Sutikno T. 
Published: March 2017

<p>This paper discusses the performance of three and five-phase double stator slotted rotor permanent magnet generator (DSSR-PMG). The objective of this research is to propose five-phase DSSR-PMG structure that could minimize output voltage ripple compared to three phase. In this research Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is used to simulate the characteristic of the three and five-phase permanent magnet generator at various speeds. The characteristic of back-EMF, flux linkage, cogging torque and flux density for three and five-phase configurations is presented. As a result, five-phase DSSR-PMG shows a lower cogging torque and voltage ripple compared to three-phase. The cogging torque for five-phase is 80% lower than three-phase DSSR-PMG and the ripple voltage (peak to peak) of back-EMF in five-phase is 2.3% compared to the three-phase DSSR-PMG which is 55%.</p>
A New Structure of Dynamic Voltage Restorer Based on Asymmetrical 􀄫-source Inverters to Compensate Voltage Disturbances in Power Distribution Networks
Authors: Zadehbagheri Mahmoud , Ildarabadi Rahim , Baghaei Nejad Majid , Sutikno Tole 
Published: March 2017

As a consequence of sensitive, diverse and complex loads in today's distribution networks, improving power quality in distribution systems has attracted great attention. Power quality issues involve voltage sags, transient interrupts and other distortions in sinusoidal waveforms. Enormous methods have been proposed for power quality modification. One of the methods by which power quality problems might be addressed is to apply power electronic devices in the form of custom power devices. One of such devices is Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) which is connected in series to distribution networks. At the same time, through injection of voltage to the network it is able to control voltage amplitude and phase. It is adopted lend to compensate for voltage sags through injecting series and synchronous three phase voltage. Consisted of three single phase inverters and a DC bus, it can protect susceptible loads against various types of voltage sags as well as other disturbances in the power supply. Moreover, it is capable of generating and absorbing active and reactive power. Therefore, in this paper, different structures of DVR have been investigated and eventually proposed a new structure for DVR based on Γ-Source asymmetric inverter. With the proposed structure, severe voltage sags can be retrieved 80- 90 percent. The simulation results that obtained by using MATLAB/Simulink indicate the properly functioning of proposed structure.
Power Control of DFIG-generators for Wind Turbines Variable-speed
Authors: Yasmine Ihedrane , Chakib El Bekkali , Badre Bossoufi 
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we focus on the modeling and control of a wind power system based on a double-fed induction generator DFIG. We proposed a technique of active and reactive power control to improve the performance and dynamics of variable speed wind system. The objective of the modeling is to apply the direct and indirect vector control stator flux orientation to control independently, the active and reactive power generated doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG). The simulation results are tested and compared in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed system.
Performance of Interconnection and Damping Assignment Passivity-Based Controller on Inverter Circuits
Authors: Ramlan N. H. , Azli N. A. , Hafidz N. F. A. A. 
Published: March 2017

This paper presents an extension work on the application of interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based controller (IDA-PBC) from the conventional H-bridge inverter to a 5-level Cascaded H-bridge Multilevel Inverter (CHMI). With the controller, the inductor current and the voltage capacitor track the desired reference of the inverter to ensure that the output voltage maintains its regulation while the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is kept at low levels with fast transient response. It is designed based on the Port-Control Hamiltonian theory exploiting the dissipation properties of the averaged model of inverter circuits. The results obtained have proven that the IDA-PBC previously developed for the H-bridge inverter can be easily extended and applied to the CHMI circuit. The simulation results showed that the IDA-PBC is able to maintain the output voltage regulation in both circuits in the case of no-load to full-load condition, load uncertainty, and structural uncertainty while maintaining THD of less than 5%. However, in all cases, CHMI has shown better performance in terms of THD percentage and transient response compared to the H-bridge inverter, which are 290 µs and 150 µs respectively.