bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Haloperidol increases false recognition memory of thematically related pictures in healthy volunteers
Authors: Guarnieri Regina V. , Buratto Luciano G. , Gomes Carlos F.A. , Ribeiro Rafaela L. , de Souza Altay A. Lino , Stein Lilian M. , Galduróz José C. , Bueno Orlando F.A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDopamine can modulate long‐term episodic memory. Its potential role on the generation of false memories, however, is less well known. In a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled experiment, 24 young healthy volunteers ingested a 4‐mg oral dose of haloperidol, a dopamine D2‐receptor antagonist, or placebo, before taking part in a recognition memory task. Haloperidol was active during both study and test phases of the experiment. Participants in the haloperidol group produced more false recognition responses than those in the placebo group, despite similar levels of correct recognition. These findings show that dopamine blockade in healthy volunteers can specifically increase false recognition memory.
Co‐micellized Pluronic mixture with thermo‐sensitivity and residence stability as an injectable tissue adhesion barrier hydrogel
Authors: Oh Se Heang , Kang Jun Goo , Lee Jin Ho 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAlthough the tissue adhesion which leads to various complications frequently occurs after surgery, the development of an ideal tissue adhesion barrier is still a challenge. In this study, a thermo‐sensitive hydrogel, which can fulfill the essential requirements of tissue adhesion barrier (that is, ease of handling for surgeon, flowing down prevention after application, stable residence on the injury during wound healing, and no use of toxic additives), was developed using biocompatible polyethylene glycol‐polypropylene glycol copolymers (Pluronic F127/F68/P123 mixture). From the in vitro cell culture and in vivo animal study, it was observed that the Pluronic mixtures showed sol‐gel transition at approximately body temperature (for easy injection or coating on the injury site and flowing down prevention after application) and prolonged residence stability in aqueous environment (> ∼7 days for stable protection of injury tissues/organs during wound healing), and thus was highly effective for the prevention of tissue adhesion without adverse tissue responses. Based on these results, the Pluronic F127/F68/P123 mixture itself (without any additives) can be a good candidate as an injectable or coatable tissue adhesion barrier hydrogel applicable to various injury tissues in terms of ease of use, effectiveness, and safety. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 172–182, 2018.
Treatment Sequence Matters: Anabolic and Antiresorptive Therapy for Osteoporosis
Authors: Cosman Felicia , Nieves Jeri W , Dempster David W 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

The effects of anabolic medications (teriparatide [TPTD] and parathyroid hormone [PTH]) differ in patients who have received recent treatment with potent antiresorptives. This perspective reviews studies evaluating bone density (BMD) and histomorphometric effects of treatment sequences beginning with TPTD/PTH followed by potent antiresorptives and those beginning with potent antiresorptives followed by switching to or adding TPTD. Effect of treatment sequence on spine BMD outcome is minor, with modest quantitative differences. However, when individuals established on potent bisphosphonates are switched to TPTD, hip BMD declines below baseline for at least the first 12 months after the switch to TPTD. This transient hip BMD loss is more prominent when the antiresorptive is denosumab; in this setting, hip BMD remains below baseline for almost a full 24 months. In a controlled comparison of those who switched from alendronate to TPTD versus those who added TPTD to ongoing alendronate, the effect on hip BMD was improved with combination therapy. Furthermore, hip strength improved with the addition of TPTD to ongoing alendronate, whereas it was neutral after switching from alendronate to TPTD, primarily due to the effect on cortical bone. Bone biopsy studies indicate that TPTD stimulates bone formation in patients who have not been treated previously as well as in patients on prior and ongoing bisphosphonates. Histomorphometric evidence suggests that use of alendronate with TPTD blocks the TPTD-induced increase in cortical porosity. When possible, we suggest anabolic therapy first, followed by potent antiresorptive therapy. The common practice of switching to TPTD only after patients have an inadequate response to antiresorptives (intercurrent fracture or inadequate BMD effect) is not the optimal utilization of anabolic treatment. In fact, this may result in transient loss of hip BMD and strength. In this setting, continuing a potent antiresorptive while starting TPTD might improve hip outcomes. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Bone Resorption Is Regulated by Circadian Clock in Osteoblasts
Authors: Takarada Takeshi , Xu Cheng , Ochi Hiroki , Nakazato Ryota , Yamada Daisuke , Nakamura Saki , Kodama Ayumi , Shimba Shigeki , Mieda Michihiro , Fukasawa Kazuya , Ozaki Kakeru , Iezaki Takashi , Fujikawa Koichi , Yoneda Yukio , Numano Rika , Hida Akiko , Tei Hajime , Takeda Shu , Hinoi Eiichi 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

We have previously shown that endochondral ossification is finely regulated by the Clock system expressed in chondrocytes during postnatal skeletogenesis. Here we show a sophisticated modulation of bone resorption and bone mass by the Clock system through its expression in bone-forming osteoblasts. Brain and muscle aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1 (Bmal1) and Period1 (Per1) were expressed with oscillatory rhythmicity in the bone in vivo, and circadian rhythm was also observed in cultured osteoblasts of Per1::luciferase transgenic mice. Global deletion of murine Bmal1, a core component of the Clock system, led to a low bone mass, associated with increased bone resorption. This phenotype was recapitulated by the deletion of Bmal1 in osteoblasts alone. Co-culture experiments revealed that Bmal1-deficient osteoblasts have a higher ability to support osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]-induced receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (Rankl) expression was more strongly enhanced in both Bmal1-deficient bone and cultured osteoblasts, whereas overexpression of Bmal1/Clock conversely inhibited it in osteoblasts. These results suggest that bone resorption and bone mass are regulated at a sophisticated level by osteoblastic Clock system through a mechanism relevant to the modulation of 1,25(OH)2D3-induced Rankl expression in osteoblasts. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Purification and characterization of a platelet aggregation inhibitor and anticoagulant Cc 5_NTase, CD 73‐like, from Cerastes cerastes venom
Authors: Saoud Samah , Chérifi Fatah , Benhassine Traki , Laraba‐Djebari Fatima 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe present study is the first attempt to report the characterization of a nucleotidase from Cerastes cerastes venom. A 70 kDa 5′‐nucleotidase (Cc‐5′NTase) was purified to homogeneity. The amino acid sequence of Cc‐5′NTase displayed high homology with many nucleotidases. Its activity was optimal at pH 7 with a specific hydrolytic activity toward mono‐, di‐, and triphosphate adenylated nucleotides. Cc‐5′NTase preferentially hydrolyzed ADP and obeyed Michaelis–Menten kinetics. Among the metals and inhibitors tested, Ni2+ and Mg2+ completely potentiated enzyme activity, whereas EGTA, PMSF, iodoacetamide, vanillic acid, vanillyl mandelic acid, and 1,10‐phenanthroline partially abolished its activity. Cc‐5′NTase was not lethal for mice at 5 mg/kg and exhibited in vivo anticoagulant effect. It also dose‐dependently inhibited adenosine diphosphate‐induced platelet aggregation by converting adenosine diphosphate to adenosine and prohibited arachidonic acid‐induced aggregation but was not effective on fibrinogen‐induced aggregation. Cc‐5′NTase could be a good tool as pharmacological molecule in thrombosis diagnostic and/or therapy.
Improved 68Ga‐labeling method using ethanol addition: Application to the α‐helical peptide DOTA‐FAMP
Authors: Hasegawa Koki , Kawachi Emi , Uehara Yoshinari , Yoshida Tsuyoshi , Imaizumi Satoshi , Ogawa Masahiro , Miura Shin‐ichiro , Saku Keijiro 
Published: December 2016

We examined the 68Ga labeling of the α‐helical peptide, DOTA‐FAMP, and evaluated conformational changes during radiolabeling. 68Ga‐DOTA‐FAMP is a positron emission tomography probe candidate for atherosclerotic plaques. The labeling yield achieved by Zhernosekov's method (using acetone for 68Ga purification) was compared with that achieved by the original and 2 modified Mueller's methods (using NaCl solution). Modified method I involves desalting the 68Ga prior to labeling, and modified method II involves the inclusion of ethanol in the labeling solution. The labeling yield using Zhernosekov's method was 62% ± 5.4%. In comparison, Mueller's original method gave 8.9% ± 1.7%. Modified method I gave a slight improvement of 32% ± 2.1%. Modified method II further increased the yield to 66% ± 3.4%. Conformational changes were determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy, revealing that these differences could be attributed to conformational changes. Heat treatment affects peptide conformation, which leads to aggregation and decreases the labeling yield. Mueller's method is simpler, but harsh conditions preclude its application to biomolecules. To suppress aggregation, we included a desalting process and added ethanol in the labeling solution. These changes significantly improved the labeling yield. Before use for imaging, conformational changes of biomolecules during radiolabeling should be evaluated by circular dichroism spectroscopy to ensure the homogeneity of the labeled product.
Exploring Holocene palaeogeography in the ‘white ribbon’: a Mesolithic case study from the Northumberland coast
Authors: Bicket A. R. , Mellett C. L. , Tizzard L. , Waddington C. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTMesolithic settlement sites preserved on the north‐east coast of England and in south‐east Scotland drive questions about the relationship between early human settlement and the Holocene palaeogeography of ‘Doggerland’. Palaeogeographical reconstructions before 8000 years ago have been restricted by a lack of sea‐level index points and particularly by sparse nearshore geophysical and geological datasets required for such reconstructions. This paper presents new high‐resolution geophysical survey data from Northumberland's nearshore ‘white ribbon’ which provide a foundation for more accurate palaeogeographical reconstructions within which early prehistoric settlement sites can be more readily understood. High‐resolution bathymetry data collected in the nearshore adjacent to the Mesolithic house site at Howick are integrated with coastal LiDAR, seismic, geological and archaeological datasets to underpin palaeogeographical reconstructions. The reconstructions illustrate changing coastal landscapes during Early Holocene sea‐level rise. The data and interpretations provide a ‘source‐to‐sea’ context for understanding the archaeology at important sites such as Howick and Low Hauxley. Furthermore, they provide a basis for enhancing management of at‐risk coastal prehistoric archaeology and a framework to prospect for and protect further vulnerable nearshore archaeological heritage.
Effects of steam‐microwave blanching and different drying processes on drying characteristics and quality attributes of Thunbergia laurifolia Linn. leaves
Authors: Phahom Traiphop , Phoungchandang Singhanat , Kerr William L 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDDried Thunbergia laurifolia leaves are usually prepared using tray drying, resulting in products that have lost substantial amounts of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity. The maturity of the raw material, blanching techniques and drying methods were investigated in order to select the best condition to produce high qualities of dried T. laurifolia leaves.RESULTSThe 1st stage of maturity was selected and steam‐microwave blanching (SMB) for 4 min was adequate for blanching leading to the maximum recovery of bioactive compounds. The modified Halsey model was the best desorption isotherm model. A new drying model proposed in this study was the best to fit the drying curves as compared to five common drying models. Moisture diffusivities were increased with the increase of drying temperature when combining SMB and heat pump‐dehumidified drying. Microwave heat pump‐dehumidified drying (MHPD) provided the shortest drying time, high specific moisture extraction rate (SMER) and could reduce drying time by 67.5% and increase caffeic acid and quercetin by 51.24% and 60.89%, respectively.CONCLUSIONMHPD was found to be the best drying method and provided the highest antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds content, high SMER and short drying time. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Impacts of fat from ruminants' meat on cardiovascular health and possible strategies to alter its lipid composition
Authors: Vargas‐Bello‐Pérez Einar , Larraín Rafael E 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn the last few decades there has been increased consumer interest in the fatty acid (FA) composition of ruminant meat due to its content of saturated FAs, which have been implicated in diseases associated with modern life. However, recent studies have questioned the recommendations to reduce intake of fat, saturated FAs and cholesterol as a means of reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Interestingly, ruminant meat has some bioactive lipids such as C18:1t11 and C18:2 c9, t11 which have been reported to have positive effects on human health. In order to improve muscle fat composition from a human health standpoint, oilseeds, plant oils and marine oils can be used in ruminant diets. On the other hand, molecular mechanisms play an important role in the alteration of the FA composition of muscle fat. Genetics offer a wide range of possibilities for improvement of muscle fat composition by identifying different loci underlying the expression of quantitative traits. While significant progress has been made in characterizing the influence of diet on the FA composition of ruminant meat, the use of genetic tools can favor genotypes that could maximize their genetic potential through the diet. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Dynamics of microbial community during the extremely long‐term fermentation process of a traditional soy sauce
Authors: Yang Yang , Deng Yue , Jin Yulan , Liu Yanxi , Xia Baixue , Sun Qun 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDSoy sauce produced by long‐term natural fermentation is a traditional specialty in Asia, with a reputation for superior quality and rich flavour. In this study, both culture‐dependent and culture‐independent approaches were used to investigate the microbial diversity and community dynamics during an extremely long‐term (up to 4 years) natural fermentation of Xianshi Soy Sauce, a national intangible cultural heritage.RESULTSGenera of Bacillus, Aspergillus and Cladosporium were detected by both methods above. The relative abundance of the genera Bacillus and Weissella was significantly higher in the late stage than in the early one, while the genera Klebsiella and Shimwellia were opposite (P < 0.05). For microbial community structure, subsequent analyses showed that obvious changes occurred with fermentation time, while there was a fair homogeneousness among samples of the same year, especially during the late fermentation stage.CONCLUSIONSThe clustering analysis tended to separate the fermented mashes of the 4th year from the earlier stages, suggesting the necessity of the long fermentation period for developing distinctive microbiota and characteristic quality‐related compounds. This is the first report to explore the temporal changes in microbial dynamics over a period of 4 years in traditional fermentation of soy sauce, and this work illustrated the importance of isolation of appropriate strains to be used as starter cultures in brewing processes. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Proprioception of the Ankle is Impaired in People with Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Teasdale Hayley , Preston Elisabeth , Waddington Gordon 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundProprioception has not been examined in the lower limb in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Impaired proprioception may contribute to activity limitations, including falls in individuals with PD.ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to determine whether: (1) people with PD have impaired proprioception in the ankles during active movements; (2) there are correlations between ankle proprioception and history of falls, fear of falling, and parkinsonian symptoms.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional observational study of ankle proprioception in people with mild to moderate PD and healthy age‐matched controls. Included in the study were thirteen participants with mild to moderate PD, aged 71 SD (31) years, and 14 age‐matched controls, aged 66 SD (21) years. Proprioception of the ankle was measured using the Active Movement Extent Discrimination Apparatus. Symptom severity was measured using the PDQ‐39. Fear of falling was measured using the Falls Efficacy Scale, and participants were questioned about their history of falls during the previous 12 months. All measures were completed on one occasion.ResultsPeople with PD had significantly worse proprioception in plantarflexion (mean difference 0.045, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.09), inversion (mean difference 0.059, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.10), and overall proprioception (mean difference 0.048, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.10) than control participants. In people with PD, there was a significant moderate negative correlation between impaired proprioception and Parkinson's symptoms (r = −0.441, P = 0.021).ConclusionsImpaired proprioception of the ankle is evident in people with PD. Further research is warranted to determine whether proprioception can be improved in people with PD.
Relationship between obesity and anti‐Müllerian hormone in reproductive‐aged African American women
Authors: Bernardi Lia A. , Carnethon Mercedes R. , de Chavez Peter J. , Ikhena Deborah E. , Neff Lisa M. , Baird Donna D. , Marsh Erica E. 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveTo determine whether there is an association between obesity and anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) among reproductive‐aged African American women (AAW).MethodsFrom the women participating in an ongoing National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences study, 1,654 AAW aged 23 to 35 were included in this study. Anthropometric measurements, personal health information, and serum AMH and adipokine levels were analyzed.ResultsThe median body mass index (BMI) was 32.4 kg/m2, and the median AMH was 3.18 ng/mL. Participants with obesity had AMH concentrations that were 23.7% lower than those with a BMI ≤25 kg/m2 (2.9 ng/mL vs. 3.8 ng/mL). In multivariable linear regression models, current BMI (β = −0.015; 95% CI −0.021 to −0.009), BMI at age 18 (β = −0.016; 95% CI −0.024 to −0.008), heaviest reported lifetime weight (β = −0.002; 95% CI −0.003 to −0.001), and leptin (β = −0.016; 95% CI −0.025 to −0.007) were inversely associated with AMH. There was no significant association between adiponectin and AMH. AMH was significantly lower (mean log = 0.91, SE = 0.11) in participants with obesity at age 18 and at enrollment when compared with those who were underweight or normal weight at age 18 but had obesity at enrollment (mean log = 1.16, SE = 0.12).ConclusionsIn reproductive‐aged AAW there is a significant association between obesity and AMH, suggesting that excess adiposity may compromise ovarian reserve. Effects of obesity on AMH may be cumulative.
Improving access and systems of care for evidence‐based childhood obesity treatment: Conference key findings and next steps
Authors: Wilfley Denise E. , Staiano Amanda E. , Altman Myra , Lindros Jeanne , Lima Angela , Hassink Sandra G. , Dietz William H. , Cook Stephen ,   The Improving Access and Systems of Care for Evidence‐Based Childhood Obesity Treatment Conference Workgroup
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveTo improve systems of care to advance implementation of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations for childhood obesity treatment (i.e., clinicians offer/refer children with obesity to intensive, multicomponent behavioral interventions of >25 h over 6 to 12 months to improve weight status) and to expand payment for these services.MethodsIn July 2015, 43 cross‐sector stakeholders attended a conference supported by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, American Academy of Pediatrics Institute for Healthy Childhood Weight, and The Obesity Society. Plenary sessions presenting scientific evidence and clinical and payment practices were interspersed with breakout sessions to identify consensus recommendations.ResultsConsensus recommendations for childhood obesity treatment included: family‐based multicomponent behavioral therapy; integrated care model; and multidisciplinary care team. The use of evidence‐based protocols, a well‐trained healthcare team, medical oversight, and treatment at or above the minimum dose (e.g., >25 h) are critical components to ensure effective delivery of high‐quality care and to achieve clinically meaningful weight loss. Approaches to secure reimbursement for evidence‐based obesity treatment within payment models were recommended.ConclusionsContinued cross‐sector collaboration is crucial to ensure a unified approach to increase payment and access for childhood obesity treatment and to scale up training to ensure quality of care.
On‐demand entanglement generation using dynamic single‐electron sources
Authors: Hofer Patrick P. , Dasenbrook David , Flindt Christian 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe review our recent proposals for the on‐demand generation of entangled few‐electron states using dynamic single‐electron sources. The generation of entanglement can be traced back to the single‐electron entanglement produced by quantum point contacts (QPCs) acting as electronic beam splitters. The coherent partitioning of a single electron leads to entanglement between the two outgoing arms of the QPC. We describe our various approaches for generating and certifying entanglement in dynamic electronic conductors and we quantify the influence of detrimental effects such as finite electronic temperatures and other dephasing mechanisms. The prospects for future experiments are discussed and possible avenues for further developments are identified.(a) The coherent partitioning of a single electron on a QPC leads to entanglement between the outgoing arms. The entanglement can be detected using two copies of the state. (b) A time‐bin entangled state is generated by partitioning two electrons on a QPC followed by projection onto the subspace with one electron in each arm. The two‐electron entanglement is due to the entanglement of the individual single‐electron states. In both panels, circles represent single‐electron sources and squares represent detectors.