bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ruxolitinib protects skin stem cells and maintains skin homeostasis in murine graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Takahashi Shuichiro , Hashimoto Daigo , Hayase Eiko , Ogasawara Reiki , Ohigashi Hiroyuki , Ara Takahide , Yokoyama Emi , Ebata Ko , Matsuoka Satomi , Hill Geoffrey R. , Sugita Junichi , Onozawa Masahiro , Teshima Takanori 
Published: January 2018

Key Points
Skin GVHD targets Lgr5+ HFSCs in association with impaired hair regeneration and wound healing. Topical ruxolitinib, unlike corticosteroids, protects Lgr5+ skin stem cells and maintains skin homeostasis in skin GVHD.
Role of membrane-tension gated Ca2+ flux in cell mechanosensation
Authors: He Lijuan , Tao Jiaxiang , Maity Debonil , Si Fangwei , Wu Yi , Wu Tiffany , Prasath Vishnu , Wirtz Denis , Sun Sean X. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
Eukaryotic cells are sensitive to mechanical forces they experience from the environment. The process of mechanosensation is complex, and involves elements such as the cytoskeleton and active contraction from myosin motors. Ultimately, mechanosensation is connected to changes in gene expression in the cell, known as mechanotransduction. While the involvement of the cytoskeleton in mechanosensation is known, the processes upstream of cytoskeletal changes are unclear. In this paper, by using a microfluidic device that mechanically compresses live cells, we demonstrate that Ca2+ currents and membrane tension-sensitive ion channels directly signal to the Rho GTPase and myosin contraction. In response to membrane tension changes, cells actively regulate cortical myosin contraction to balance external forces. The process is captured by a mechanochemical model where membrane tension, myosin contraction and the osmotic pressure difference between the cytoplasm and extracellular environment are connected by mechanical force balance. Finally, to complete the picture of mechanotransduction, we find that the tension-sensitive transcription factor YAP family of proteins translocate from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to mechanical compression.
Beyond Cut Points: Accelerometer Metrics that Capture the Physical Activity Profile
Authors: ROWLANDS ALEX V. , EDWARDSON CHARLOTTE L. , DAVIES MELANIE J. , KHUNTI KAMLESH , HARRINGTON DEIRDRE M. , YATES TOM 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Commonly used physical activity metrics tell us little about the intensity distribution across the activity profile. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a metric, the intensity gradient, which can be used in combination with average acceleration (overall activity level) to fully describe the activity profile.

Methods
A total of 1669 adolescent girls (sample 1) and 295 adults with type 2 diabetes (sample 2) wore a GENEActiv accelerometer on their nondominant wrist for up to 7 d. Body mass index and percent body fat were assessed in both samples and physical function (grip strength, Short Physical Performance Battery, and sit-to-stand repetitions) in sample 2. Physical activity metrics were as follows: average acceleration (AccelAV); the intensity gradient (IntensityGRAD from the log–log regression line: 25-mg intensity bins [x]/time accumulated in each bin [y]); total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA); and bouted MVPA (sample 2 only).

Results
Correlations between AccelAV and IntensityGRAD (r = 0.39–0.51) were similar to correlations between AccelAV and bouted MVPA (r = 0.48) and substantially lower than between AccelAV and total MVPA (r ≥ 0.93). IntensityGRAD was negatively associated with body fatness in sample 1 (P < 0.05) and positively associated with physical function in sample 2 (P < 0.05); associations were independent of AccelAV and potential covariates. By contrast, MVPA was not independently associated with body fatness or physical function.

Conclusion
AccelAV and IntensityGRAD provide a complementary description of a person’s activity profile, each explaining unique variance, and independently associated with body fatness and/or physical function. Both metrics are appropriate for reporting as standardized measures and suitable for comparison across studies using raw acceleration accelerometers. Concurrent use will facilitate investigation of the relative importance of intensity and volume of activity for a given outcome.
Practice patterns for the radical treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer by head and neck oncologists in the United Kingdom
Authors: Petkar Imran , Bhide Shreerang , Newbold Kate , Harrington Kevin , Nutting Chris 
Published: January 2018

Objective:
Advances in radiation delivery, imaging techniques, and chemotherapy have significantly improved treatment options for non-metastatic nasopharyngeal cancers (NPC). However, their impact on the practice in the United Kingdom (UK), where this tumour is rare, is unknown. This study examined the current attitudes of UK head and neck oncologists to the treatment of NPC.

Methods:
UK head and neck oncologists representing 19/23 cancer networks were sent an invitation email with a personalised link to a web-based survey designed to identify the influence of tumour and nodal staging on current NPC management practices.

Results:
26/42 (61%) of clinicians responded. Induction chemotherapy followed by concomitant chemoradiation was the treatment of choice for Stage III (69%) and IVa/b (96%), with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil combination being the most commonly used induction chemotherapy regimen (88%). 16 centres (61%) used a geometric approach, adding variable margins of 0–10 mm to the gross tumour volume to define their therapeutic dose clinical target volume. 54% of respondents used 3 radiotherapy (RT) prescription doses to treat NPC. Retropharyngeal nodal region irradiation policy was inconsistent, with nearly one-quarter treating the entire group to a radical dose.

Conclusion:
Significant heterogeneity currently exists in the RT practice of NPC in the UK. A consensus regarding the optimal curative, function-sparing treatment paradigm for NPC is necessary to ensure cancer survivors have satisfactory long-term health-related quality of life.

Advances in knowledge:
This is the first study to highlight the significant variation in RT practice of NPC in the UK.
She writes like she dances: Response and radical impermanence in writing as dancing
Authors: Pollitt Jo 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Through investigating writing as dancing, this work seeks to access, reveal and amplify the voice of danceras-writer in the production of new texts as embodied fictions. Harnessing processes of the response project and an emergent theory of radical impermanence, the dancer-as-writer is agent in inhabiting energetic states and scores practiced in dance improvisation to write like she dances. The provocation in this early catalogue of research is that the liveness of dance can potentially continue through, and be revealed in, the decision-making of writing; to make visible the dancer in a performance you can hold in your hands. The work in she writes like she dances is both an assertion of deep commitment to the liveness of improvisation, and a suspected betrayal.
After the Future: Choreography as a practice of editing
Authors: Hildebrandt Antje 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
In this article, I will discuss a piece of practice entitled After the Future: A Homage to Bifo, which was performed in June 2012 and April 2013, and now exists as a video work (https://vimeo.com/74394747). Through discussing the work, I will explore the possibilities of choreography as the practice of editing words and movements. As the project is preoccupied with the relationship between humans and technology it asks where meaning resides – in the body, in between bodies, in the voice, in gestures, in words, in spoken or written language, in movement language, in languages of the body. I will expand on ideas on the shifting role of the choreographer from author to editor, the dancer as copyist, performance as a ‘catching-up’ in time and place and the implications of a continued understanding of choreography as a theoretical and a practical field of study.
Animation Project: Activating life at the periphery
Authors: Nicely Megan V. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
How do new materialist perspectives for decentring the human, and instead attending to the forces of ‘things’, productively address misalignments between ‘dance’ and ‘choreography’ within Western concert dance? Could the non-human kinetics of ‘thinking-feeling’ be foregrounded in performance and what new tools would be required for dancers and audiences to perceive it? How might dance artists propose frames in which these ‘animating circumstances’ might unfold and be shared as the movement of thought? From 2011 to 2015, artist/scholars Megan Nicely and Kate Elswit explored these questions in a studio practice, stage performance, installation and series of workshops titled Animation Project. The process that this article chronicles brought together various strands of philosophical, embodied thought from the work of João Fiadeiro, Deborah Hay, Brian Massumi, Erin Manning and Jane Bennett.
Artistic urban interventions, informality and public sphere: Research insights from three ephemeral urban appropriations on a cultural district
Authors: Costa Pedro , Lopes Ricardo 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Artistic intervention in cultural districts can be an outstanding viewpoint to understand the multiple layers of uses and segregations that bring everyday life vitality to the complex organisms that cities are. Urban informality contexts can be fundamental for the expression of this diversity and to liminality strategies, particularly interesting in the case of artistic intervention, as artistic creativity is often about transgression, differentiation and, therefore, conflict. Small initiatives that develop in an informal and ephemeral way by artists who choose the city as stage for their work, exploring the ambiguous and flexible boundaries between public and private spaces, are particularly interesting, evidencing the conflicts usually verified on creative milieus but being also important to keep these places as vernacular as possible and to avoid gentrification processes. In this perspective, this article aims to discuss this relation between urban interventions, informality and public sphere appropriation, analysing the way informal artistic dynamics can contribute to urban revitalization, territorial resilience and to the enhancement of ‘real’ creative milieus. Drawing on a research-action-based methodology the authors explore the results and impacts of three experiences of urban intervention that they developed in three consecutive years in informal urban contexts in Bairro Alto, Lisbon, Portugal. These ephemeral artistic interventions introduced new spaces of public use in the city, performing different public and private spaces, and bringing them to the public sphere. They created ‘new’ zones that re-gain a use in the city, contributing to the vitality and symbolic centrality of this area.
Reviews
Authors: Mushtaq Sabah , Carvalho David Luna de 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Five Rising Democracies and the Fate of the International Liberal Order, Ted Piccone (2016) Washington DC: Brookings Institution, 250 pp., ISBN: 9780815727415, h/bk, £23.47; ISBN: 9780815725794, p/bk, £21.50
A Primeira República: Na Fronteira do Liberalismo e da Democracia, Miriam Halpern Pereira (2016) Lisbon: Grâdiva, 224 pp., ISBN: 9789896167295, p/bk, 19.60
Bamboleho: The aesthetics and significance of the moment
Authors: Bonaddio Federico 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Bamboleho is less concerned with plot resolution than with visual aesthetics and the communication of significant moments. More than an exercise in style, Bamboleho encourages the spectator’s active engagement – aesthetic, poetic, philosophical – with the moment itself, independent of causality and in tension with potentially exclusive social realist readings.
Saluting the “Skutnik”: Special Guests, the First Lady’s Box, and the Generic Evolution of the State of the Union Address
Authors: Prasch Allison M. , O’Grady Julia Scatliff 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This essay traces how Ronald Reagan’s invocation of Lenny Skutnik in his 1982 State of the Union address inaugurated a new generic norm for the president’s annual message to Congress. We argue that the invocation of a “Skutnik” enables presidents to display—both rhetorically and physically—the civic ideals they wish to laud, the national issues they deem important, and policy proposals they want to advance. When U.S. presidents honor individual citizens and seat them in the House Gallery before the nation and the world, these “Skutniks” fuse the judicial, epideictic, and deliberative characteristics of the State of the Union address. Abstract values and complicated policy agendas are simplified—and vivified—before the eyes. The body of the “Skutnik,” we argue, is particularly persuasive because it offers a physical representation of the overall body politic, a living, breathing metaphor testifying that the state of the union is, in fact, strong.
On a Caputo-type fractional derivative
Authors: Oliveira Daniela S. , Capelas de Oliveira Edmundo 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we present a new differential operator of arbitrary order defined
by means of a Caputo-type modification of the generalized fractional derivative
recently proposed by Katugampola. The generalized fractional derivative, when
convenient limits are considered, recovers the Riemann–Liouville and the Hadamard
derivatives of arbitrary order. Our differential operator recovers as limiting
cases the arbitrary order derivatives proposed by Caputo and by Caputo–Hadamard.
Some properties are presented as well as the relation between this differential
operator of arbitrary order and the Katugampola generalized fractional operator.
As an application we prove the fundamental theorem of fractional calculus associated
with our operator.
Urban Communication: The Uses of Public Space in Riga Historical City Centre
Authors: Bratuškins Uģis , Treija Sandra 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Expansion of cities and their impact areas extend also the semantic boundaries of urban ecentres, while public open space in the city centres maintain attractivity, especially within the medieval cores. The diverse functional processes that satisfy the needs of all users of urban space in general, on the one hand carry the function of circulation or communication, and on the other – relaxation or recreation. Elements of spatial organization and environment planning essential for the realization of each function differ, and depending on which of the functional processes prevails in the particular place, open space acquires either priority of communication or of recreation.
The paper focuses on the interests and needs of main groups of users of the historical city centre – Riga Old Town, states availability of adequate space, as well as sets the criteria of high-quality public open space.
Properties and Structure of Cellulosic Membranes Obtained from Solutions in Ionic Liquids Coagulated in Primary Alcohols
Authors: Fryczkowska Beata , Kowalska Małgorzata , Biniaś Dorota , Ślusarczyk Czesław , Janicki Jarosław , Sarna Ewa , Wyszomirski Mirosław 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This paper presents the results of studies on the preparation of cellulosic membranes, from a solution in 1-ethyl-3- methylimidazolium acetate (EMIMAc), using the phase inversion method. Initially, the membranes were obtained by coagulation of the polymer film in water and primary alcohols (methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol), 1-hexanol, 1-octanol) resulting in membranes with significantly differing morphologies. Subsequently, composite membranes were produced, with the support layer being a membrane with the largest pores, and the skin layer a membrane with smaller pores. The resulting membranes were tested for physicochemical and transport properties. The morphology of the membrane surfaces and their cross-sections were investigated by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The structure of the membranes, on the other hand, was investigated by FTIR spectroscopy and WAXS structural analysis.
A Possible Answer of the European Union to Hybrid Threats
Authors: Cîrdei Ionuţ Alin , Ispas Lucian 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The international security environment is marked by a certain state of anomy, which in reality does not conceal a state of chaos, but an attempt to restore and redesign spheres of influence, creating a new world order involving both state actors: the US, Russia, China India, supra-states actors: EU, NATO, etc or non-state actors. The European Union is confronted with a series of internal and external challenges that affect the state of security. Challenges are very diverse, difficult to anticipate and counteract, and can be attributed, on the one hand, to the cyclical evolution of society and, on the other hand, to intentional interventions using unconventional methods and means of hybrid type, which are aimed at destabilizing one of the most powerful supra-state structures, enjoying significant economic and political strength, which has a large population and can influence the evolution of events globally. Lately, EU countries have begun to tackle the most diverse issues, such as migration, terrorist threat, radicalization of a part of the population, supporting direct or indirect jihadist organizations, organizing attacks within the union, developing nationalism, separatism, ethnic or religious intolerance, etc.
Crushing Susceptibility of Vetch Seeds Under Impact Loading
Authors: Shahbazi F. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMechanical damage of seeds due to harvest, handling and other process is an important factor that affects the quality and quaintly of seeds. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of moisture content and the impact energy on the breakage susceptibility of vetch seeds. The experiments were conducted at moisture contents of 7.57 to 25% (wet basis) and at the impact energies of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 J, using an impact damage assessment device. The results showed that impact energy, moisture content, and the interaction effects of these two variables significantly influenced the percentage breakage in vetch seeds (p<0.01). Increasing the impact energy from 0.1 to 0.3 J caused a significant increase in the mean values of seeds breakage from 41.69 to 78.67%. It was found that the relation between vetch seeds moisture content and seeds breakage was non-linear, and the extent of damaged seeds decreased significantlyas a polynomial (from 92.47 to 33.56%) with increasing moisture (from 7.57 to 17.5%) and reached a minimum at moisture level of about 17.5%. Further increase in seed moisture, however, caused an increase in the amount of seeds breakage. Mathematical relationships composed of seed moisture content and impact energy, were developed for accurately description the percentage breakage of vetch seeds under impact loading. It was found that the models have provided satisfactory results over the whole set of values for the dependent variable.
Comparative Phytotoxicity of Aqueous Extracts of Centaurea maculosa and Melilotus officinalis on Germinability and Growth of Wheat
Authors: Siyar S. , Chaudhry Z. , Majeed A. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Weed incursion in cultivated fields is a serious biological problem, which causes considerable yield losses of economically important field crops through allelopathy and competitive interactions. Spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa) and yellow melilot (Melilotus officinalis) are among the most prevalent weeds in cultivated fields of Pakistan, particularly in wheat fields. Like many other weeds, they may pose allelopathic and competitive challenges to field crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate allelopathic potentials of the two weeds on germination and seedling growth of wheat under laboratory conditions. Amounts of 15, 20, 25 and 30% concentrated leaf aqueous extracts of C. maculosa and M. officinalis were prepared and tested for their effects on germination percentage, radicle and coleoptile lengths of wheat. Germination, radicle and coleoptile lengths of test crop declined significantly at higher concentration (25-30%) of the extracts of two weeds. However, concentration of M. officinalis up to 20% had either no effect or stimulatory effects on the studied growth characteristics of wheat. Highest germination inhibition and decreased seedling growth were caused by leaf extracts of C. maculosa at 30% extract concentration. Growth inhibition was generally dependent on the extract concentration. The study indicated that both plant exhibited allelopathic activity and growth inhibitory effects on wheat at higher concentration; however, extracts of C. maculosa were more phytoinhibitory than M. officinalis. The weeds could serve as potent allelopathic plants for management of other weeds.
Exogenous Application of Gibberellic Acid Improves the Maize Crop Productivity Under Scarce and Sufficient Soil Moisture Condition
Authors: Sarwar N. ,   Atique-Ur-Rehman, Farooq O. , Mubeen K. , Wasaya A. , Nouman W. , Zafar Ali M. , Shehzad M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDrought stress creates imbalance or deficiency of some growth regulators in plants, which leads toward reduced crop yield. Gibberellic acid is one of the most important growth regulators in plants, which improve drought tolerance in plants under optimum concentration. A field experiment was conducted under exogenous application of gibberellic acid under normal or drought condition and with or without gibberellic acid application. Crop growth and yield parameters were assesses during the experimentation. Study revealed that crop reduced growth in term of leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR) and total dry matter (TDM) under drought condition, while these parameters were improved with gibberellic acid application. Similary, improved growth rate resulted in better performance of yield attributes (cob length, cob diameter, grains per cob, grain weight and yield). Gibberellic acid application improved the crop performance at optimum irrigation, as well as under reduced irrigation. Although highest crop yield was recorded with gibberellic acid application under optimum irrigation level, while its application under drought stress improved crop tolerance and resulted in better crop yield, similar to optimum irrigation level. Exogenous application of gibberellic acid not only improved the drought tolerance in maize, but also increased the crop yield under normal condition.
Elastic, plastic, fracture analysis of masonry arches: A multi-span bridge case study
Authors: Lacidogna Giuseppe , Accornero Federico 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
In this work a comparison is presented between elastic, plastic, and fracture analysis of the monumental arch bridge of Porta Napoli, Taranto (Italy). By means of a FEM model and applying the Mery’s Method, the behavior of the curved structure under service loads is verified, while considering the Safe Theorem approach byHeyman, the ultimate carrying capacity of the structure is investigated. Moreover, by using Fracture Mechanics concepts, the damage process which takes place when the conditions assessed through linear elastic analysis are no longer valid, and before the set-in of the conditions established by means of the plastic limit analysis, is numerically analyzed. The study of these transitions returns an accurate and effective whole service life assessment of the Porta Napoli masonry arch bridge.