bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing depression in a geriatric cancer population
Authors: Saracino Rebecca M. , Weinberger Mark I. , Roth Andrew J. , Hurria Arti , Nelson Christian J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the ability of three popular self‐report measures of depression to assess depression in a geriatric cancer setting.MethodCancer patients 70 years or older and on active treatment completed the Geriatric Depression Scale‐Short Form, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale—Revised, and were interviewed using the depression module of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM disorders (SCID) as the ‘gold standard.’ Analyses included calculating internal consistency, ROC curves, and the sensitivity and specificity to detect major depression (MDD) or minor depression (i.e. subthreshold depression).ResultsIn a sample of 201 cancer patients (85% White; 64% completed college degree or higher), all three of the self‐report measures produced adequate internal consistency and predicted depression greater than chance. However, the published cutoff scores for detecting MDD produced inadequate sensitivity, suggesting these scores will miss as many as 33%–83% of geriatric cancer patients who are depressed. Revised cutoff scores were lower than published cutoff scores.ConclusionAlthough these measures produced good internal consistency and were better than chance at predicting depression in a geriatric cancer sample, the published cutoff scores for these measures did not perform well in predicting MDD nor minor depression. Of the three measures, the CES‐D appeared to have the most utility. This data suggests that these popular screening measures may be inadequate for reliably identifying depression in a geriatric cancer population. Researchers and clinicians, therefore, should use caution when selecting depression measures for geriatric cancer patients and consider using the lower cut‐off scores presented here.
Greek Physiotherapists' Perspectives on Rehabilitation Following Total Knee Replacement: a Descriptive Survey
Authors: Moutzouri Maria , Gleeson Nigel , Billis Evdokia , Tsepis Elias , Gliatis John 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackground and PurposeIn Greece, as in many countries, there is a scarcity of evidence in the type of physiotherapy services offered for the rehabilitation of total knee replacement (TKR). Despite the number of TKRs annually performed in Greece (over 10,000), there are no available clinical guidelines as to the content of best physiotherapy practice. The aim of this nationwide survey undertaken by physiotherapists treating TKR patients post‐operatively was to record standard practice and services available in Greece.MethodsDesign: cross‐country surveyTen per cent of all registered physiotherapists working in public/private sectors were recruited. The developed survey comprised of questions regarding therapists' profile, protocols implemented at different stages of rehabilitation and the aims and modalities used.ResultsA 58.7% response rate was achieved, where 36% (47/132) of respondents were treating patients in the inpatient phase and 64% (85/132) after hospital discharge. Patients in Greece are discharged with a home‐based exercise program (56.7%) and, to a lesser extent, are referred to rehabilitation centres (13.3%). Strengthening, range of movement and functionality seemed to be the primary goals especially in the inpatient phase, whereas in the outpatient phase, apart from the larger differences identified, functionality and balance training were more frequently reported.ConclusionsNo significant variations in practice were found during inpatient rehabilitation, whilst there seemed to be diversity across outpatient physiotherapy programs. The current survey suggests that patient's general health and psychological and behavioural issues are the criteria by which physiotherapists select the volume of implemented exercise and progression. However, no specific guidelines were followed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transit times—the link between hydrology and water quality at the catchment scale
Authors: Hrachowitz Markus , Benettin Paolo , van Breukelen Boris M. , Fovet Ophelie , Howden Nicholas J.K. , Ruiz Laurent , van der Velde Ype , Wade Andrew J. 
Published: May 2016

In spite of trying to understand processes in the same spatial domain, the catchment hydrology and water quality scientific communities are relatively disconnected and so are their respective models. This is emphasized by an inadequate representation of transport processes, in both catchment‐scale hydrological and water quality models. While many hydrological models at the catchment scale only account for pressure propagation and not for mass transfer, catchment scale water quality models are typically limited by overly simplistic representations of flow processes. With the objective of raising awareness for this issue and outlining potential ways forward we provide a nontechnical overview of (1) the importance of hydrology‐controlled transport through catchment systems as the link between hydrology and water quality; (2) the limitations of current generation catchment‐scale hydrological and water quality models; (3) the concept of transit times as tools to quantify transport; and (4) the benefits of transit time based formulations of solute transport for catchment‐scale hydrological and water quality models. There is emerging evidence that an explicit formulation of transport processes, based on the concept of transit times has the potential to improve the understanding of the integrated system dynamics of catchments and to provide a stronger link between catchment‐scale hydrological and water quality models. WIREs Water 2016, 3:629–657. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1155This article is categorized under:

Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Science of Water > Water Quality
Climate change and ecosystem services
Authors: Scholes Robert J. 
Published: May 2016

Studies of the impacts of climate change cover three broad areas: direct effects on humans, their enterprises, and assets; effects on natural systems; and effects on humans via natural systems. ‘Ecosystem services’ fall into the latter category. Future climates continue to allow ecosystem services to be delivered and consumed, in some cases at a level greater than in the past, and in others degraded relative to their historic supply. Across a wide range of ecosystem services, the losses exceed the gains for magnitudes and rates of climate change projected under low‐mitigation scenarios. On balance, global mean temperature (GMT) rises greater than 2°C above preindustrial have a spatially patchy but net negative effect on many ecosystem services. The negative impacts occur in many places and affect most people. This apparent asymmetry of impact is hypothesized to have three causes: the rapidity of climate change relative to adaptive processes in social and ecological systems; the exposure of societies to climates not experienced during the period over which complex, agriculturally dependent human societies developed; and the approach toward limits in the Earth system. Covariates of climate change—especially rising atmospheric carbon dioxide and ongoing land transformation—are an inextricable part of the projected loss of services in the coming century and the projected shortfall between supply and demand is strongly demand‐driven. The geographical distributions of ecosystem service supply and demand are unequal, and becoming more so. WIREs Clim Change 2016, 7:537–550. doi: 10.1002/wcc.404This article is categorized under:

Climate, Ecology, and Conservation > Observed Ecological Changes
Neural mechanisms of face perception, their emergence over development, and their breakdown
Authors: Behrmann Marlene , Scherf K. Suzanne , Avidan Galia 
Published: May 2016

Face perception is probably the most developed visual perceptual skill in humans, most likely as a result of its unique evolutionary and social significance. Much recent research has converged to identify a host of relevant psychological mechanisms that support face recognition. In parallel, there has been substantial progress in uncovering the neural mechanisms that mediate rapid and accurate face perception, with specific emphasis on a broadly distributed neural circuit, comprised of multiple nodes whose joint activity supports face perception. This article focuses specifically on the neural underpinnings of face recognition, and reviews recent structural and functional imaging studies that elucidate the neural basis of this ability. In addition, the article covers some of the recent investigations that characterize the emergence of the neural basis of face recognition over the course of development, and explores the relationship between these changes and increasing behavioural competence. This paper also describes studies that characterize the nature of the breakdown of face recognition in individuals who are impaired in face recognition, either as a result of brain damage acquired at some point or as a result of the failure to master face recognition over the course of development. Finally, information regarding similarities between the neural circuits for face perception in humans and in nonhuman primates is briefly covered, as is the contribution of subcortical regions to face perception. WIREs Cogn Sci 2016, 7:247–263. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1388This article is categorized under:

Psychology > Brain Function and Dysfunction
Psychology > Perception and Psychophysics
Neuroscience > Behavior
Utility of balloon expulsion test in patients with constipation: Preliminary results in a single center
Authors: Hsu Ching‐Sheng , Liu Tso‐Tsai , Yi Chih‐Hsun , Lei Wei‐Yi , Hung Jui‐Sheng , Chen Chien‐Lin 
Published: May 2016

SummaryBackgroundPelvic floor dyssynergia can be a cause of idiopathic constipation. Although pelvic floor dyssynergia can be diagnosed by rectal balloon expulsion (BE) and anorectal manometry, the utility of BE in the evaluation of constipation in clinical practice remains to be determined. To this end, we examined the role of BE among different body positions in Taiwanese people with constipation.MethodsFourteen Taiwanese adults (age range, 19–61 years), including six healthy volunteers (4 male, 2 female) and eight patients with chronic constipation (1 male, 7 female) underwent solid‐state anorectal manometry and BE. The demographic data of all individuals were recorded at enrollment.ResultsCompared to healthy volunteers, patients with chronic constipation had a numerically lower threshold for mean resting pressure (p = 0.052), squeeze pressure, maximal squeeze pressure, and lower threshold volumes for urge, but higher threshold pressures for compliance. Successful BE seemed to be associated with lower mean resting pressure (p = 0.061), lower mean threshold volumes for urge, and higher mean maximal squeeze pressure for compliance. Although patients with chronic constipation had a numerically lower successful rate of rectal BE than healthy controls, the differences did not reach statistical significance.ConclusionIn Taiwanese individuals, results of BE seems consistent with anorectal manometry parameters, and patients with chronic constipation have a trend of lower successful rate of rectal BE than healthy controls. However, future work to confirm the use of BE in differentiating subtypes of chronic constipation is needed.
Ultrasound Measurement of Abdominal Muscle Thickness With and Without Transducer Fixation During Standing Postural Tasks in Participants With and Without Chronic Low Back Pain: Intrasession and Intersession Reliability
Authors: Ehsani Fatemeh , Arab Amir Massoud , Salavati Mahyar , Jaberzadeh Shapour , Hajihasani Abdolhamid 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundUltrasound (US) imaging can be used for the measurement of trunk muscle activity. The displacements of US transducer, especially during more dynamic situations, however, may disturb the measurement results. To control this variable, some studies have used transducer fixator (TF), but no study evaluated the effect of using TF on US reliability in dynamic situations. The present study discriminated this issue.ObjectiveTo investigate the intrasession and intersession reliability of lateral abdominal muscle thickness measurement in dynamic standing postural tasks by using US with and without TF in participants with and without chronic low back pain (CLBP).DesignAn intersession and intrasession reliability study.SettingBiomechanics laboratory, Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.ParticipantsTwenty‐three patients with CLBP and 23 healthy matched individuals.MethodsAbdominal muscle thickness of all the subjects was evaluated with use of US imaging with the patient in the supine position and double‐leg stance at different levels of platform stability of BBS (static, levels 6 and 3), with and without using TF. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), standard errors of measurement, minimal metrically detectable changes, and coefficients of variation were calculated to determine intersession and intrasession reliability of muscle activity measure.Main Outcome MeasurementsLateral abdominal muscle thickness.ResultsThe intersession ICCs in the conditions with TF ranged from 0.93 to 0.98 and 0.97 to 0.99 in CLBP and healthy individuals, respectively. The intersession ICCs in the conditions without TF ranged from 0.67 to 0.79 and 0.7 to 0.86 in CLBP and healthy groups, respectively. In addition, smaller standard errors of measurement and minimal metrically detectable change values were observed with US measurement in both the groups when TF was used.ConclusionUS imaging appears to have acceptable reliability for the assessment of abdominal muscle thickness during dynamic standing tasks in individuals with and without CLBP. The use of TF results in greater levels of reliability during US measurement of abdominal muscle.Level of EvidenceIII
Effects of Botulinum Toxin Landmark‐Guided Intra‐articular Injection in Subjects With Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Hsieh Lin‐Fen , Wu Chia‐Wei , Chou Ching‐Chieh , Yang Sai‐Wei , Wu Shih‐Hui , Lin Yi‐Jia , Hsu Wei‐Chun 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing evidence has suggested that botulinum toxin A (BoNT/A) can inhibit the release of selected neuropeptide transmitters from primary sensory neurons. Thus, intra‐articular (IA) injection therapies with BoNT/A may reduce pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of landmark‐guided IA injection of BoNT/A on patients with knee OA.DesignA prospective randomized controlled trial.SettingA rehabilitation clinic of a private teaching hospital.PatientsA total of 46 patients with symptomatic knee OA (mostly Kellgren‐Lawrence grade 2‐3).MethodsThe patients were randomly assigned to 1 of the following groups: BoNT/A group (BoNT/A injection; n = 21) or control group (education only; n = 20). The patients in the BoNT/A group received an IA injection of 100 units of BoNT/A into the affected knee.Main Outcome MeasuresThe short‐term (1 week posttreatment) and long‐term (6 months posttreatment) effects were evaluated using a pain visual analogue scale (VAS) and questionnaires concerning functional status, including the Lequesne and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) indexes.ResultsThe between‐group comparison revealed significant differences with regard to the pain VAS score at 1 week (P < .001) and at 6 months (P = .001) posttreatment. Similar findings for the between‐group comparison were observed for the WOMAC and Lequesne indexes at 6 months (P < .05) posttreatment. The pain VAS score in the BoNT/A group significantly decreased from 5.05 ± 1.12 (pretreatment) to 2.89 ± 1.04 at 1 week (P < .001) and 3.45 ± 1.70 at 6 months posttreatment (P < .001) but not in the control group (P = .476).ConclusionsThe IA injection of BoNT/A provided pain relief and improved functional abilities in patients with knee OA in both the short‐ and long‐term follow‐up.Level of EvidenceI
Submission for the AJEE Special Issue for the 18th Biennial AAEE Conference — Sustainability: Smart Strategies for the 21st Century. Nature by Default in Early Childhood Education for Sustainability – ERRATUM
Authors: Elliott Sue , Young Tracy 
Published: May 2016

In the above mentioned article the following error has occurred where some text has been omitted from the abstract. The publisher regrets this error and sincerely apologises for any inconvenience caused:‘This essay critiques the relevance of historical antecedents about children's play in nature and how these historical and political mechanisms create cultural rovoked by Taylor's (2013) exploration of the pervasive influence of romanticised images of innocent children in nature and our own experiences of never-ending ‘nice’ stories about young children in nature, here we trouble how nature experiences may or may not preclude children's meaningful and agentic participation in sustainability.’
Contrasts in the response of adjacent fjords and glaciers to ice-sheet surface melt in West Greenland
Authors: Bartholomaus Timothy C. , Stearns Leigh A. , Sutherland David A. , Shroyer Emily L. , Nash Jonathan D. , Walker Ryan T. , Catania Ginny , Felikson Denis , Carroll Dustin , Fried Mason J. , Noël Brice P. Y. , Van Den Broeke Michiel R. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTNeighboring tidewater glaciers often exhibit asynchronous dynamic behavior, despite relatively uniform regional atmospheric and oceanic forcings. This variability may be controlled by a combination of local factors, including glacier and fjord geometry, fjord heat content and circulation, and glacier surface melt. In order to characterize and understand contrasts in adjacent tidewater glacier and fjord dynamics, we made coincident ice-ocean-atmosphere observations at high temporal resolution (minutes to weeks) within a 10 000 km2area near Uummannaq, Greenland. Water column velocity, temperature and salinity measurements reveal systematic differences in neighboring fjords that imply contrasting circulation patterns. The observed ocean velocity and hydrography, combined with numerical modeling, suggest that subglacial discharge plays a major role in setting fjord conditions. In addition, satellite remote sensing of seasonal ice flow speed and terminus position reveal both speedup and slow-down in response to melt, as well as differences in calving style among the neighboring glaciers. Glacier force budgets and modeling also point toward subglacial discharge as a key factor in glacier behavior. For the studied region, individual glacier and fjord geometry modulate subglacial discharge, which leads to contrasts in both fjord and glacier dynamics.
Fluctuation of Viremia in Hepatitis B Virus–Infected Healthcare Workers Performing Exposure-Prone Procedures in the Netherlands
Authors: Raven Stijn F. H. , de Heus Barry , Wong Albert , Zaaijer Hans L. , van Steenbergen Jim E. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveTo determine the longitudinal changes in viral load of hepatitis B virus (HBV)–infected healthcare workers (HCWs) and its consequences for exclusion of infected HCWs performing exposure-prone procedures, various HBV DNA safety thresholds, and the frequency of monitoring.DesignRetrospective cohort study June 1, 1996–January 31, 2013.ParticipantsIn the Netherlands, chronically HBV-infected HCWs performing exposure-prone procedures are notified to the Committee for Prevention of Iatrogenic Hepatitis B. Of the 126 notified HCWs, 45 had 2 or more HBV DNA levels determined without antiviral therapy.MethodsA time-to-event analysis for HBV-infected HCWs categorized in various viremia levels surpassing a HBV DNA threshold level of 1×105 copies/mL, above which exposure-prone procedures are not allowed in the Netherlands.ResultsFluctuations of HBV DNA in follow-up samples ranged from −5.4 to +2.2 log10 copies/mL. A high correlation was seen for each HBV DNA level with the 3 previous levels. In a time-to-event analysis, after 6 months 7.2%, 6.5%, and 14.3% of individuals had surpassed the threshold of 1×105 copies/mL for viral load categories 4.8×103 to 1.5×104; 1.5×104 to 4.0×104; and 4.0×104 to 1.0×105, respectively.ConclusionsWe propose standard retesting every 6 months, with more frequent retesting just below the high threshold value (1×105 copies/mL), and prolonging this standard interval to 1 year after 3 consecutive levels below the threshold in policies with lower safety thresholds (1×103 or 1×104 copies/mL).Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;37:655–660
Dietary patterns and benign breast diseases: a case–control study
Authors: Tiznobeyk Zeinab , Sheikhi Mobarakeh Zahra , Qorbani Mostafa , Koohdani Fariba , Sotoudeh Gity , Khajehnasiri Farahnaz , Khosravi Shahla , Doostan Farideh 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSeveral studies have investigated the relation between benign breast diseases (BBD) and food intake. However, dietary patterns of these patients have not been taken into consideration up to now. The aim of this study is to determine the association between dietary patterns and BBD. In this case–control study, ninety-six patients with BBD and seventy controls were selected from women attending the Iranian Center for Breast Cancer affiliated with Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research. Demographic, physical activity and semi-quantitative FFQ were completed. The main dietary patterns were extracted by factor analysis. Two major dietary patterns emerged: Healthy dietary pattern including fish, poultry, eggs, low-fat dairy products, vegetables, legumes, nuts and seeds, whole grains, oil and mayonnaise, olives, fruits; and Unhealthy dietary pattern including red meats, organ and processed meats, high-fat dairy products, refined grains, sweets and desserts, animal and solid fats. After adjustment for age, BMI and energy intake, the participants in the highest tertile of Healthy dietary pattern (OR 0·44; 95 % CI 0·20, 0·99) were less likely to have BBD compared with those in the first tertile. After adjustment for other confounding variables, this relationship still remained close to significant level. However, higher consumption of Unhealthy dietary pattern was not associated with the risk of BBD. In conclusion, Healthy dietary pattern might be inversely associated with the risk of BBD; however, this result should be interpreted with caution. Future studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Optimal outcomes for hearing preservation in the management of small vestibular schwannomas
Authors: Peng K A , Wilkinson E P 
Published: May 2016

AbstractObjective:To undertake a systematic review of the role of microsurgery, in relation to observation and stereotactic radiation, in the management of small vestibular schwannomas with serviceable hearing.Methods:The Medline database was searched for publications that included the terms ‘vestibular schwannoma’ and/or ‘acoustic neuroma’, occurring in conjunction with ‘hearing’. Articles were manually screened to identify those concerning vestibular schwannomas under 1.5 cm in greatest dimension. Thereafter, only publications discussing both pre-operative and post-operative hearing were considered.Results:Twenty-six papers were identified. Observation is an acceptable strategy for small tumours with slow growth where hearing preservation is not a consideration. In contrast, microsurgery, including the middle fossa approach, may provide excellent hearing outcomes, particularly when a small tumour has begun to cause hearing loss. Immediate post-operative hearing usually predicts long-term hearing. Recent data on stereotactic radiation suggest long-term deterioration of hearing following definitive therapy.Conclusion:In patients under the age of 65 years with small vestibular schwannomas, microsurgery via the middle fossa approach offers durable preservation of hearing.