bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sets of rich lines in general position
Authors: Amirkhanyan Gagik , Bush Albert , Croot Ernest , Pryby Chris 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe Szemerédi–Trotter theorem implies that the number of lines incident to at least of points in is . J. Solymosi conjectured that if one requires the points to be in a grid formation and the lines to be in general position—no two parallel, no three meeting at a point—then one can get a much tighter bound. We prove a slight variant of his conjecture: for every there exists some such that for sufficiently large values of , every set of lines in general position, each intersecting an grid of points in at least places, has size at most . This implies a conjecture of Gy. Elekes about the existence of a uniform statistical version of Freiman's theorem for linear functions with small image sets.
“Which Gadda should I buy?” Taking stock of Gadda’s editions
Authors: Trebaiocchi Chiara 
Published: June 2017

This article 1 provides an account of the editorial and philological history of Carlo Emilio Gadda’s works. In particular, this paper seeks to offer useful guidelines to the reader who wants to approach the fascinating theme of Gaddian philology with a clear overview of the internal and external problems related to Gadda’s writings, focusing on Dante Isella’s philological approach and editorial achievements, and also on the criticism it has received. After considering the discovery of new material in the Liberati Archives, the last part of the essay analyzes the Gaddian volumes recently published by Adelphi, and compares them with the Garzanti editions, so to get closer to the history of Gadda’s works, with a shift from the microcosm of varianti (variants), postille (annotations) and apparati (apparati) to the macrocosm of publishing choices around his texts. A better understanding of these editorial shifts, new editions, high and low points in the production of Gadda’s texts will reveal the complexities of a process that has contributed significantly to the author’s critical reception and cultural status, finally providing new material for scholars’ insights.
The sound of silence: Measuring suffering at work
Authors: Allard-Poesi Florence , Hollet-Haudebert Sandrine 
Published: June 2017

What realities do questionnaires and surveys, designed to measure stress and suffering at work, bring to light? What realities do they conceal? In this research, we consider self-assessment scales and questionnaires as techniques of visibility that contribute to the construction of knowledge on the ‘suffering subject’ at work. We conducted a qualitative analysis of the questionnaire and survey report conducted by the consulting firm Technologia for France Telecom Orange, after a spate of suicides in 2008–2009. The results show that: (1) the questionnaire used to measure suffering at work views the subject as someone reflective yet rather passive, and their suffering as resulting from an unbalanced relationship with the work environment, (2) the report further restricts this understanding of suffering to the administrative position of the individual, (3) as a consequence, the political, strategic, ideological dimensions and the economic power struggles affecting work are silenced. Relying on Foucault’s approach to knowledge ( savoir), we interpret this narrow concept of the subject and their surroundings as resulting from an assemblage between scientific discourses and visibility techniques; a compromise that conceals debates on the strategic orientation of the firm.
How the commitment to disclose in-use performance can transform energy outcomes for new buildings
Authors: Cohen Robert , Austin Barry , Bannister Paul , Bordass Bill , Bunn Roderic 
Published: June 2017

The paper describes the transformation that has taken place over the last 15 years in the energy efficiency of new office buildings constructed in Australia and considers if and how the UK could follow suit. The success in Australia has been greatest for the ‘base building’: the energy performance of the HVAC services in tenanted spaces and of all end uses in the common parts. It embraces a ‘ design for performance’ culture, supported by the NABERS ‘Commitment Agreement’, where developers and their teams sign up to an in-use performance target. The process is underpinned by advanced simulation, strategic sub-metering and fine-tuning post occupation to help eliminate wasteful deviations. The paper considers the opportunity for the UK to introduce a Commitment Agreement process for new office buildings, integrated with the Soft Landings Framework. It is argued that from a technical perspective base building energy performance in new UK offices could be as good as it is in Australia. However, there are non-technical drivers missing in the UK. To compete with their Australian peers, the UK property and construction industries need a base building energy measurement and rating system, creating the ability to set a performance target and disclose the outcome. Practical application: Design for performance uses a much more realistic building simulation model at the design stage. Although this requires a lot more inputs (details of the building’s proposed chillers, AHUs, ducts and valves, etc. and their controls), it enables the designers to capitalise from computer-aided-design to improve energy efficiency. This process deploys the technology improvement template by which much of the modern world has progressed so fast, and enables innovation to flourish. The more advanced HVAC model can predict target energy budgets for each sub-system (boilers, chillers, fans, pumps, etc.) against which the actual energy used, as measured with sub-meters, can be compared to inform fine tuning during early operation. Although a model’s predictions can be considered the ideal energy performance of the as-built system, there’s an expectation that the base building’s real performance should turn out to be within around 10% of that anticipated from the modelling.
Postoperative acute kidney injury following intraoperative blood product transfusions during cardiac surgery
Authors: Kindzelski Bogdan A. , Corcoran Philip , Siegenthaler Michael P. , Horvath Keith A. 
Published: June 2017

Introduction: This study explored the nature of the association between intraoperative usage of red blood cell, fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate or platelet transfusions and acute kidney injury. Methods: A total of 1175 patients who underwent cardiac surgery between 2008 and 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. We assessed the association between: (1) preoperative patient characteristics and acute kidney injury, (2) intraoperative blood product usage and acute kidney injury, (3) acute kidney injury and 30-day mortality or re-hospitalization. Results: In our cohort of 1175 patients, 288 patients (24.5%) developed acute kidney injury. This included 162 (13.8%), 69 (5.9%) and 57 (4.9%) developing stage 1, stage 2 or stage 3 acute kidney injury, respectively. Increased red blood cell, fresh frozen plasma or platelet transfusions increased the odds of developing acute kidney injury. Specifically, every unit of red blood cells, fresh frozen plasma or platelets transfused was associated with an increase in the covariate-adjusted odds ratio of developing ⩾ stage 2 kidney injury of 1.18, 1.19 and 1.04, respectively. Conclusions: Intraoperative blood product transfusions were independently associated with an increased odds of developing acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery. Further randomized studies are needed to better define intraoperative transfusion criteria.
A study of predictive validity, responsiveness, and minimal clinically important difference of arm accelerometer in real-world activity of patients with chronic stroke
Authors: Chen Hao-ling , Lin Keh-chung , Hsieh Yu-wei , Wu Ching-yi , Liing Rong-jiuan , Chen Chia-ling 
Published: June 2017

Objective: To investigate the predictive validity, responsiveness, and minimal clinically important difference of arm accelerometer in real-world activity of patients with chronic stroke. Design: Validation and psychometric study. Setting: Three medical centers. Subjects: Patients with chronic stroke came from three separated randomized controlled trials. Interventions: Patients with stroke received upper extremity rehabilitation programs for four weeks. Main measures: Real-world arm movements were measured by an arm accelerometer and three clinical measurement tools—the Motor Activity Log, Stroke Impact Scale, and Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living—administered before and after treatment. Results: A total of 82 subjects were recruited in the study (mean age: 55.32 years; mean score of Fugl-Meyer Assessment: 39.91). Correlations between the arm accelerometer and three clinical measurement tools were fair to moderate (Pearson’s r = 0.47, 0.42, and 0.34, respectively). The correlation between the arm accelerometer and the quality of use of Motor Activity Log subscale was moderate to good (Pearson’s r = 0.57). The responsiveness of the arm accelerometer from pretreatment to posttreatment was medium (standardized response mean = 0.72). The minimal clinically important difference range for the arm accelerometer was 547–751 mean counts. Conclusion: The arm accelerometer demonstrated acceptable predictive validity and responsiveness in patients with chronic stroke. The affected arm activity measured by the arm accelerometer was sensitive to change. The change score of a patient with chronic stroke on the arm accelerometer should reach 574–751 mean counts to be regarded as a minimal clinically important difference.
Serial Changes in 3-Dimensional Supraspinatus Muscle Volume After Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Chung Seok Won , Oh Kyung-Soo , Moon Sung Gyu , Kim Na Ra , Lee Ji Whan , Shim Eungjune , Park Sehyung , Kim Youngjun 
Published: June 2017

Background:There is considerable debate on the recovery of rotator cuff muscle atrophy after rotator cuff repair.Purpose:To evaluate the serial changes in supraspinatus muscle volume after rotator cuff repair by using semiautomatic segmentation software and to determine the relationship with functional outcomes.Study Design:Case series; Level of evidence, 4.Methods:Seventy-four patients (mean age, 62.8 ± 8.8 years) who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and obtained 3 consecutive (preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and later postoperatively [≥1 year postoperatively]) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans having complete Y-views were included. We generated a 3-dimensional (3D) reconstructed model of the supraspinatus muscle by using in-house semiautomatic segmentation software (ITK-SNAP) and calculated both the 2-dimensional (2D) cross-sectional area and 3D volume of the muscle in 3 different views (Y-view, 1 cm medial to the Y-view [Y+1 view], and 2 cm medial to the Y-view [Y+2 view]) at the 3 time points. The area and volume changes at each time point were evaluated according to repair integrity. Later postoperative volumes were compared with immediately postoperative volumes, and their relationship with various clinical factors and the effect of higher volume increases on range of motion, muscle power, and visual analog scale pain and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores were evaluated.Results:The interrater reliabilities were excellent for all measurements. Areas and volumes increased immediately postoperatively as compared with preoperatively; however, only volumes on the Y+1 view and Y+2 view significantly increased later postoperatively as compared with immediately postoperatively ( P < .05). There were 9 patients with healing failure, and area and volume changes were significantly less later postoperatively compared with immediately postoperatively at all measurement points in these patients ( P < .05). After omitting the patients with healing failure, volume increases later postoperatively became more prominent ( P < .05) in the order of the Y+2 view, Y+1 view, and Y-view. Volume increases were higher in patients who healed successfully with larger tears ( P = .040). Higher volume increases were associated only with an increase in abduction power ( P = .029) and not with other outcomes.Conclusion:The supraspinatus muscle volume increased immediately postoperatively and continuously for at least 1 year after surgery. The increase was evident in patients who had larger tears and healed successfully and when measured toward the more medial portion of the supraspinatus muscle. The volume increases were associated with an increase in shoulder abduction power.
Biomechanical Factors Associated With Achilles Tendinopathy and Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome in Runners
Authors: Becker James , James Stanley , Wayner Robert , Osternig Louis , Chou Li-Shan 
Published: June 2017

Background: There is disagreement in the literature regarding whether the excessive excursion or velocity of rearfoot eversion is related to the development of 2 common running injuries: Achilles tendinopathy (AT) and medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS). An alternative hypothesis suggests that the duration of rearfoot eversion may be an important factor. However, the duration of eversion has received relatively little attention in the biomechanics literature. Hypothesis: Runners with AT or MTSS will demonstrate a longer duration of eversion but not greater excursion or velocity of eversion compared with healthy controls. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Forty-two runners participated in this study (13 with AT, 8 with MTSS, and 21 matched controls). Participants were evaluated for lower extremity alignment and flexibility, after which a 3-dimensional kinematic and kinetic running gait analysis was performed. Differences between the 2 injuries and between injured and control participants were evaluated for flexibility and alignment, rearfoot kinematics, and 3 ground-reaction force metrics. Binary logistic regression was used to evaluate which variables best predicted membership in the injured group. Results: Injured participants, compared with controls, demonstrated higher standing tibia varus angles (8.67° ± 1.79° vs 6.76° ± 1.75°, respectively; P = .002), reduced static dorsiflexion range of motion (6.14° ± 5.04° vs 11.19° ± 5.10°, respectively; P = .002), more rearfoot eversion at heel-off (–6.47° ± 5.58° vs 1.07° ± 2.26°, respectively; P < .001), and a longer duration of eversion (86.02% ± 15.65% stance vs 59.12% ± 16.50% stance, respectively; P < .001). There were no differences in the excursion or velocity of eversion. The logistic regression (χ2 = 20.84, P < .001) revealed that every 1% increase in the duration of eversion during the stance phase increased the odds of being in the injured group by 1.08 (95% CI, 1.023-1.141; P = .006). Conclusion: Compared with healthy controls, runners currently symptomatic with AT or MTSS have a longer duration of eversion but not greater excursion or velocity of eversion. Clinical Relevance: Static measures of the tibia varus angle and dorsiflexion range of motion, along with dynamic measures of the duration of eversion, may be useful for identifying runners at risk of sustaining AT or MTSS.
Mindcrafting: The Semantic Characteristics of Spontaneous Names Generated as an Aid to Cognitive Mapping and Navigation of Simulated Environments
Authors: Butler James O. 
Published: June 2017

Background. This study explores the extent to which names are formed to serve the development of mental maps to enable efficient navigation of unfamiliar terrain, conducted within a simulated landscape. Purpose. The primary aim of this study was to examine the semantic properties of spontaneous naming systems, and investigate their potential waypointing influence in personal route mapping. Method. Participants were tasked with the exploration of a closed-environment in MINECRAFT to find a designated goal, and return to the starting point in as short a time as possible, verbalizing their active thought process throughout. All instances of names were recorded. Results. The 12 participants created 61 names across 13 distinct sites. The environment had not been cultivated to predispose these points to be of interest, allowing a dedicated discussion of the factors that influence or are complemented by name-derived semantics. A strong negative correlation (−0.88) was found between the number of names generated and speed of task completion, which was calculated to be significant. Conclusion.Name development is shown to play a role in efficient cognitive mapping, with consistent semantic developmental patterns identifiable, formed equally around interpreted poetics of a space and the observable physical form.
Continuum damage mechanics modeling of composite laminates including transverse cracks
Authors: Okabe Tomonaga , Onodera Sota , Kumagai Yuta , Nagumo Yoshiko 
Published: June 2017

In this study, the continuum damage mechanics model for predicting the stiffness reduction of composite laminates including transverse cracks is formulated as a function of crack density. To formulate the model, first the damage variable in the direction normal to the fiber of a ply including transverse cracks is derived. The damage variable is derived by the model assuming a plane strain field in the isotropic plane and using the Gudmundson–Zang model for comparison. The effective compliance based on the strain equivalent principle proposed by Murakami et al. and classical laminate theory are then used to formulate the elastic moduli of laminates of arbitrary lay-up configurations as a function of the damage variable. Finally, the results obtained from this model are compared to the finite-element analysis reported in previous studies. The model proposed in this paper can predict the stiffness of laminates containing damage due to transverse cracks (or surface crack) from just the mechanical properties of a ply and the lay-up configurations. Furthermore, this model can precisely predict the finite-element analysis results and experiment results for the elastic moduli of the laminate of arbitrary lay-up configuration, such as cross-ply, angle ply, and quasi-isotropic, including transverse cracks. This model only considers the damage of the transverse crack; it does not consider damage such as delamination. However, this model seems to be effective in the early stage of damage formation when transverse cracking mainly occurs. The model assuming plane strain field in the isotropic plane which is proposed in this paper can calculate the local stress distribution in a ply including transverse cracks as a function of crack density. The damage evolution of transverse cracks can thus be simulated by determining the fracture criterion.
Planting Seeds: Actively Developing Scholar-Practitioners
Authors: Moats Jason B. 
Published: June 2017

The Problem We know much about who and what scholar-practitioners are, but we know little about how to develop individuals into scholar-practitioners. Given this, we need to move the conversation beyond descriptive attributes and expend time and effort to identify methods to cultivate these professionals. Doing so will help change the perception that there are theory-to-practice gaps and ultimately improve the strength and value of the human resource development field to other disciplines. The Solution This article is in response to Ruona and Gilley’s call for moving beyond bemoaning the theory-practice gap and starting providing constructive solutions to close it. Using two real-life cases for illustration, I present a strategy for cultivating individuals in applied fields into effective scholar-practitioners. The Stakeholders This article provides a potential path for trainers to integrate theory and research into practice, for faculty to incorporate practical contexts into educational opportunities, and for managers and organizations to adapt evidence-based solutions to a complex, rapidly changing environment.
Artificial cell mimics as simplified models for the study of cell biology
Authors: Salehi-Reyhani Ali , Ces Oscar , Elani Yuval 
Published: June 2017

Living cells are hugely complex chemical systems composed of a milieu of distinct chemical species (including DNA, proteins, lipids, and metabolites) interconnected with one another through a vast web of interactions: this complexity renders the study of cell biology in a quantitative and systematic manner a difficult task. There has been an increasing drive towards the utilization of artificial cells as cell mimics to alleviate this, a development that has been aided by recent advances in artificial cell construction. Cell mimics are simplified cell-like structures, composed from the bottom-up with precisely defined and tunable compositions. They allow specific facets of cell biology to be studied in isolation, in a simplified environment where control of variables can be achieved without interference from a living and responsive cell. This mini-review outlines the core principles of this approach and surveys recent key investigations that use cell mimics to address a wide range of biological questions. It will also place the field in the context of emerging trends, discuss the associated limitations, and outline future directions of the field.Impact statementRecent years have seen an increasing drive to construct cell mimics and use them as simplified experimental models to replicate and understand biological phenomena in a well-defined and controlled system. By summarizing the advances in this burgeoning field, and using case studies as a basis for discussion on the limitations and future directions of this approach, it is hoped that this minireview will spur others in the experimental biology community to use artificial cells as simplified models with which to probe biological systems.
Effects of microRNA-223 on morphine analgesic tolerance by targeting NLRP3 in a rat model of neuropathic pain
Authors: Xie Xiao-Juan , Ma Li-Gang , Xi Kai , Fan Dong-Mei , Li Jian-Guo , Zhang Quan , Zhang Wei 
Published: June 2017

Objective To investigate the effects of microRNA-223 on morphine analgesic tolerance by targeting NLRP3 in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Methods Our study selected 100 clean grade healthy Sprague-Dawley adult male rats weighing 200 to 250 g. After establishment of a rat model of chronic constriction injury, these rats were divided into 10 groups (10 rats in each group): the normal control, sham operation, chronic constriction injury, normal saline, morphine, miR-223, NLRP3, miR-223 + morphine, NLRP3 + morphine, and miR-223 + NLRP3 + morphine groups. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay, Western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used for detecting the mRNA and protein expressions of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, Caspase-1, Interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18 in sections of lumbar spinal cord. Immunohistochemistry was applied for detecting the positive rates of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18. Results The paw withdrawal threshold and percentage maximum possible effect (%MPE) were higher in chronic constriction injury group when compared with the normal control and sham operation groups. Behavioral tests showed that compared with the chronic constriction injury and normal saline groups, the morphine and miR-223 + morphine groups showed obvious analgesic effects. Expressions of miR-223 in the miR-223, miR-223 + morphine, and miR-223 + NLRP3 + morphine were significantly higher than those in the chronic constriction injury, normal saline, and morphine groups. Compared with chronic constriction injury, normal saline and morphine groups, the mRNA and protein expressions of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 were significantly decreased in the miR-223 and miR-223 + morphine groups, while mRNA and protein expressions of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 were significantly increased in the NLRP3 and NLRP3 + morphine group. Conclusion Our study provides strong evidence that miR-223 could suppress the activities of NLRP3 inflammasomes ( NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, and Caspase-1) to relieve morphine analgesic tolerance in rats by down-regulating NLRP3.