bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hülsz Piccone, Enrique, Lógos: Heráclito y los orígenes de la filosofía, México, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2011, 314 págs.
Authors: Hernández Oñate Leonor 
Published: August 2016

Después de haber publicado numerosos trabajos en revistas y volúmenes colectivos de alta calidad académica, Enrique Hülsz Piccone, profesor de Historia de la Filosofía antigua en la UNAM, estudioso y especialista en el pensamiento de Heráclito, en 2011 presentó este libro, producto de años de labor docente y de investigación, con un gran valor y utilidad tanto para la filología griega como para la historia de la filosofía. Se trata de una versión modificada y actualizada de su tesis doctoral.
Antibacterial Activity of Germacrone Sesquiterpene from Curcuma Xanthorrhiza Rhizomes
Authors: Diastuti Hartiwi , Syah Yana Maolana , Juliawaty Lia Dewi , Singgih Marlia 
Published: August 2016

<p>The aim of this research was to isolate and indentify the terpenoid compound from <em>Curcuma xanthorrhiza </em>rhizomes and its antibacterial activity. Isolation was carried out by using vacuum liquid chromatography and centrifugal chromatography. The structure was determined by NMR spectroscopy (<sup>1</sup>H-NMR, <sup>13</sup>C-NMR 1D and 2D), then compare with data from literatures. Antibacterial test was carried out by using microdillution methods and evaluated against eight bacteria. They are <em>Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes</em>, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi</em>, <em>Shigella dysentriae</em> and <em>Vibrio cholerae</em>. The result showed that the isolate was a white crystal which was indetified as germacron-type sesquiterpene. Germacron have highest activity againts <em>P. aeruginosa, </em>MIC<em> </em>15.6 µg/mL <em>and </em>MBC 31.2 µg/mL.</p>
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Articular Cartilage
Authors: Ashraf Shaafiya , Zahoor Adnan 
Published: August 2016

➢ The emergence of newer pharmacotherapeutic agents and surgical cartilage resurfacing techniques is driving the need for imaging modalities capable of early, accurate, and reproducible lesion detection.➢ Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as a noninvasive tool for direct 2-dimensional (2D) and 3-dimensional (3D) assessment of the articular cartilage in both clinical and research settings. MRI has largely overcome the shortcomings of the current gold standard, radiography, by allowing for the detection of preclinical disease and subtle early abnormalities prior to the onset of radiographic disease, when damage is still reversible.➢ Current MRI techniques are either morphological (2D/3D qualitative and quantitative techniques) or compositional (matrix-assessment techniques that detect macromolecular changes prior to morphological changes).➢ MRI is evolving as a complete answer to our cartilage-imaging requirements of lesion description, treatment planning, and outcome measurement as well as in various research settings.
Multiscale Laboratory Verification of Depressurization for Production of Sedimentary Methane Hydrates
Authors: Almenningen Stian , Flatlandsmo Josef , Fernø Martin A. , Ersland Geir 
Published: August 2016

Summary
This study reviews how production of methane from hydrates can be triggered by dissociation of the hydrate structure. Techniques leading to dissociation of hydrates are summarized by pressure depletion, thermal stimulation, and injection of inhibitors. Depressurization is considered to be the most-cost-effective method and is easily implemented in gas reservoirs with overlying hydrate layers. Examples and status of pressure-depletion tests on field scale will be reviewed. In hydrate reservoirs not adjacent to gas zones, the success of pressure depletion is dependent on sufficient permeability to allow for pressure perturbations to reach within the hydrate reservoir and to allow for flow of dissociated gas. This effect has been investigated in this paper by performing controlled pressure depletions on hydrate-filled sandstone cores. Dissociation pressures at given temperatures have been quantified as well as recovery of methane as a function of pressure decrements lower than dissociation pressure. Hydrate dissociation was found to take place over a range of pressure values because of salinity changes in the water phase. A 2D porous silicon-wafer micromodel has been used to gain insight into the mechanisms of hydrate dissociation. Direct visualization of hydrate melting induced by both depressurization and heating is reported from pores replicating authentic sandstone pores. Thermal stimulation led to a more-uniform hydrate melting compared with pressure depletion, and depressurization was most effective when the hydrate was in direct contact with gas bubbles.
Image-Based Petrophysical Parameters: CT Imaging of Chalk Cuttings and Experimental Comparisons by Plug-Size Upscaling
Authors: Noe-Nygaard Jakob , Engstrøm Finn , Sølling Theis I. , Roth Sven 
Published: August 2016

SummaryIn the present study, the focus is on two 2- to 3-mm cuttings-scale reservoir chalk samples chosen such that the resolution of the pore space is challenging the state of the art and the permeability differs by a factor of four. We compare the petrophysical parameters that are derived from nano-computed-tomography (nano-CT) images of trim sections and cuttings. Moreover, the trim-section results are upscaled to trim size to form the basis of an additional comparison. The results are also benchmarked against conventional core analysis (CCAL) results on trim-size samples. The comparison shows that petrophysical parameters from CT imaging agree reasonably well with those determined experimentally. The upscaled results show some discrepancy with the nano-CT results, particularly in the case of the low-permeability plug. This is probably because of the challenge in finding a representative subvolume. For the cuttings, the differences are significant for the low-permeability plug. For the two-phase-flow data, the predicted relative permeability endpoints differ significantly. The root cause of this again is attributed to the more-complex structure of the pore network in the low-permeability carbonate. The experiment was also run directly from the micro-CT results on a cutting measured on an in-house instrument; the results clearly show that micro-CT measurements on chalk do not capture the pore space with sufficient detail to be predictive. Overall, with the appropriate resolution, the present study shows that it is indeed feasible to obtain petrophysical parameters from imaging experiments on cuttings.
Balloon analogue risk task to assess decision-making in acquired brain injury
Authors: Areny Balagueró Marina , Jodar Vicente Mercè 
Published: August 2016

Introduction: Although impairment in decision-making is a frequent consequence of frontal lobe injury, few instruments evaluate decision-making in patients with acquired brain injury (ABI). Most are difficult to use and require a well-preserved ability of complex verbal comprehension and executive functions. We propose the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) as an alternative instrument to evaluate decision-making in ABI. Material and Methods: Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) and Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) were administered to a clinical group of 30 patients with ABI and to a control group of 30 healthy participants; comparative study to assess possible differences in the results obtained; analysis to determine a possible correlation between the two tests between groups. Results: The results showed that BART is a sensitive instrument to detect differences in performance between a control group and a group of patients with ABI, p < .001, 95 % CI =537.21-1575.46, but do not correlate with IGT, p = .524, rab.c = ‒.134. Conclusions: Although IGT and BART were both designed to assess decision-making, the results obtained in our study show that the scores obtained by patients with ABI on both tests do not correlate. This clearly proves that IGT and BART measure different aspects of decision-making.
Sexuality, contraception and unsafe sexual behavior in adolescents
Authors: Garcia-Vega Elena , Menendez Robledo Elena , Fernández García Paula , Cuesta Izquierdo Marcelino 
Published: August 2016

In recent years there has been further liberalization of sexual behavior in the Western world, this tendency manifests itself especially in adolescents. The aim of the present study is of knowing the sexual behaviors of our young persons, as well as the unsafe sexual behaviors, in order to know those variables that could be involved in these behaviors. The study was carried out by 815 students (54,6 % girls and 45,4 % boys), through of an auto-report. Were observed few differences between the sexual practices and the age of beginning between boys and girls. The condom was the method of the first choice in the first sexual relation coital. The consumption of alcohol and the quantity of sexual pairs are risk conducts exercised in major measure for the boys. On the other hand, the girls are protected from sexually transmitted diseases, but there is increase of abortions, for what it would be necessary to affect in a better protection.
Rzymska liturgia stacyjna
Authors: Mieczkowski Janusz 
Published: August 2016

Rzymska liturgia stacyjna była szczególnym sposobem służby Bożej, która miała miejsce w tym mieście od starożytności do początków XIV wieku. Cechowały ją 4 elementy. Po pierwsze była zawsze celebrowana pod przewodnictwem papieża lub jego reprezentanta. Była także liturgią mobilną odprawianą w różnych bazylikach i kościołach Rzymu. Po trzecie wybór kościoła zależał od święta, okresu liturgicznego czy wspomnienia, które przypadało w danym dniu. I w końcu stanowi centralną uroczystością liturgiczną dnia, której podporządkowane były wszystkie inne czynności duszpasterskie. Szczytowym osiągnięciem tego systemu było przeżywanie w jego rytmie wielkiego postu. W ten sposób Kościół rzymski manifestował swoją jedność. Stacja polegała zwykle na odprawieniu przez papieża uroczystej mszy świętej w stacyjnym kościele dla całego miasta. Jednak w niektóre dni papież udawał się do innego kościoła, nazywanego collecta, z którego ruszała procesja do stacyjnego kościoła.
Paliusz – współczesna forma i teorie o pochodzeniu
Authors: Superson Jarosław A. 
Published: August 2016

Przez wiele wieków w Kościele rzymskokatolickim wypowiadano się na temat paliusza i jego pochodzenia. W artykule w sposób chronologiczny zostali przedstawieni autorzy: P. de Marca, G. Moroni Romano, F. Vespasiani, R. Garrucci, Ch. de Rohault de Fleury, G. Morin, L. Duchesne, J. Wilpert, H. Grisar, A. J. Nowowiejski, J. Baudot, J. Braun, H. Leclercq, M. Righetti, R. Lesage, B. Neunheuser, J. Lewandowicz, S. Piccolo Paci, którzy analizowali proweniencję rzymskiego paliusza. Badania nad tą rzymską szatą-insygnium, tak bardzo intensywne w drugiej połowie XIX wieku i na początku XX wieku, nie wypracowały co do niego jednej teorii możliwej do zaakceptowania jako consensusśrodowiska naukowego. Hipoteza mówiąca, jakoby paliusz pochodził od płaszcza św. Piotra, jest gremialnie odrzucana. Świadectwo konstantyńskiej donacji również jest negowane. Natomiast pozostałe teorie wydają się mniej lub bardziej prawdopodobne, ale to nie znaczy, że są przekonujące. Brak źródeł historycznych odczytanych w sposób krytycznie jednoznaczny sprawia, że wszystkie teorie mają jakieś braki.
The baseline assessment of Grade 1 learners’ literacy skills in a socio-economically disadvantaged school setting
Authors: Wildschut Zelda , Moodley Trevor , Aronstam Shelley 
Published: August 2016

<p>Research has revealed that the academic performances of learners in South Africa are below the required level. The Western Cape Education Department (WCED) launched the literacy and numeracy strategy 2006–2016 in response to the low literacy and numeracy levels. In addition, the WCED introduced the Grade 1 baseline assessment in 2006, as part of the literacy and numeracy strategy. The purpose of this study was to observe the implementation of the Grade 1 literacy baseline assessment programme of the WCED. This study aimed to determine what literacy barriers, if any, the learners were experiencing and to recommend literacy support strategies, in order to inform teaching practices. Purposive sampling was used for the selection of a Grade 1 class, with English as the language of learning and teaching Thirty-seven Grade 1 learners participated in the study. A mixed-methods research design was used to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. The data collection strategies employed<br />included documentary analysis, by examining participants’ school admission forms to provide biographical information as well as their written baseline assessment scripts. The baseline assessment process was also observed as it was being conducted. The findings suggest that some of the learners experienced literacy barriers in terms of receptive and expressive language, perceptual skills and fine motor development. The data were summarised, and the information was used to describe the literacy barriers in terms of the biographical variables and to recommend learning support strategies for literacy development.</p>
Do high sensitivity C-reactive protein and serum interleukin-6 levels correlate with disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosuspatients?
Authors: Umare V , Nadkarni A , Nadkar M , Rajadhyksha A , Khadilkar P , Ghosh K , Pradhan VD 
Published: August 2016

Introduction:
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease where an interplay between acute phase proteins and cytokines are involved in disease activation.

Aim and Objectives:
This case control study was performed to investigate interrelationship between high sensitivity C-reactive proteins (hs-CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and disease activity among SLE patients.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred forty one clinically diagnosed SLE cases were included and disease activity was noted by SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). Serum IL-6 levels were measure by cytokine multiplex assay. Serum hs-CRP, C3 and C4 levels were measure by nephelometer. The Pearson correlation test was used for correlation between hs-CRP, Il-6 and SLEDAI.

Results:
Based on SLEDAI, 126 patients (89.4 %) had active disease and 15 patients (10.6%) had inactive disease. Mean hs-CRP levels in SLE patients were significantly higher (12.1+ 11.5 mg/L) than controls (2.41+ 1.37 mg/L) (P < 0.0001). Hs-CRP levels among active SLE were significantly higher (13.5+ 11.4 mg/L) as compared with inactive SLE (4.4 + 2.9 mg/L) (P=0.0002). Similarly, IL-6 levels in SLE patients were significantly higher among active SLE (26.9 + 15.5 pg/ml) as compared with inactive SLE (13.9+ 10.2 pg/ml) (P=0.0001). An inverse correlation between Il-6 and hemoglobin levels between active and inactive SLE was noted (r=-0.46, P <0.0001).

Conclusion:
This study suggests a good correlation between hs-CRP, IL-6 and SLE disease activity indicating their direct involvement in inflammatory conditions associated with disease.
A case–control study of epidemiological factors associated with leptospirosis in South Gujarat region
Authors: Desai KT , Patel F , Patel PB , Nayak S , Patel NB , Bansal RK 
Published: August 2016

Background:
The current study was planned to identify the epidemiological factors associated with leptospirosis in South Gujarat region using neighborhood controls.

Methods:
A total of 100 cases of leptospirosis occurred in South Gujarat region during the year 2012 were selected using simple random sampling. Three neighbors of the selected cases formed the controls (n = 300). A pretested structured questionnaire was used for data collection and data were analyzed using Epi Info 2007.

Results:
There was significant association of illiteracy (odds ratio [OR] =1.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.14–2.89), working in waterlogged fields during the reference season (OR = 4.6, 95% CI = 1.6–17.9), swimming/bathing in canals, open air defecation practices, storage of cow dung in or surrounding house, residence in the house made up of cow dung walls, households with access of food to rodents, injuries over hands/foot during the endemic season (OR = 3, 95% CI = 1.8–4.8), and history of skin disease during the endemic season (OR = 4.2, 95% CI = 2–8.5), with leptospirosis. Only 10% of individuals had gumboots for protection. A total of 83 (83%) cases and 240 (80%) controls had taken oral doxycycline chemoprophylaxis (P > 0.05). Cases had taken chemoprophylaxis for a median 4 weeks (range: 1–8) while controls had taken the same for median 8 weeks (range = 1–8) (P < 0.002).

Conclusions:
Although the commonly established factors appear to be associated with leptospirosis, the role of host factors seems to play a more important role in determining susceptibility to leptospirosis in exposed individuals.
Linking snow depth to avalanche release area size: measurements from the Vallée de la Sionne field site
Authors: Veitinger Jochen , Sovilla Betty 
Published: August 2016

Abstract. One of the major challenges in avalanche hazard assessment is the correct estimation of avalanche release area size, which is of crucial importance to evaluate the potential danger that avalanches pose to roads, railways or infrastructure. Terrain analysis plays an important role in assessing the potential size of avalanche releases areas and is commonly based on digital terrain models (DTMs) of a snow-free summer terrain. However, a snow-covered winter terrain can significantly differ from its underlying, snow-free terrain. This may lead to different, and/or potentially larger release areas. To investigate this hypothesis, the relation between avalanche release area size, snow depth and surface roughness was investigated using avalanche observations of artificially triggered slab avalanches over a period of 15 years in a high-alpine field site. High-resolution, continuous snow depth measurements at times of avalanche release showed a decrease of mean surface roughness with increasing release area size, both for the bed surface and the snow surface before avalanche release. Further, surface roughness patterns in snow-covered winter terrain appeared to be well suited to demarcate release areas, suggesting an increase of potential release area size with greater snow depth. In this context, snow depth around terrain features that serve as potential delineation borders, such as ridges or trenches, appeared to be particularly relevant for release area size. Furthermore, snow depth measured at a nearby weather station was, to a considerable extent, related to potential release area size, as it was often representative of snow depth around those critical features where snow can accumulate over a long period before becoming susceptible to avalanche release. Snow depth – due to its link to surface roughness – could therefore serve as a highly useful variable with regard to potential release area definition for varying snow cover scenarios, as, for example, the avalanche hazard assessment for transport routes or ski resorts.
Anisotropy of seasonal snow measured by polarimetric phase differences in radar time series
Authors: Leinss Silvan , Löwe Henning , Proksch Martin , Lemmetyinen Juha , Wiesmann Andreas , Hajnsek Irena 
Published: August 2016

Abstract. The snow microstructure, i.e., the spatial distribution of ice and pores, generally shows an anisotropy which is driven by gravity and temperature gradients and commonly determined from stereology or computer tomography. This structural anisotropy induces anisotropic mechanical, thermal, and dielectric properties. We present a method based on radio-wave birefringence to determine the depth-averaged, dielectric anisotropy of seasonal snow with radar instruments from space, air, or ground. For known snow depth and density, the birefringence allows determination of the dielectric anisotropy by measuring the copolar phase difference (CPD) between linearly polarized microwaves propagating obliquely through the snowpack. The dielectric and structural anisotropy are linked by Maxwell–Garnett-type mixing formulas. The anisotropy evolution of a natural snowpack in Northern Finland was observed over four winters (2009–2013) with the ground-based radar instrument "SnowScat". The radar measurements indicate horizontal structures for fresh snow and vertical structures in old snow which is confirmed by computer tomographic in situ measurements. The temporal evolution of the CPD agreed in ground-based data compared to space-borne measurements from the satellite TerraSAR-X. The presented dataset provides a valuable basis for the development of new snow metamorphism models which include the anisotropy of the snow microstructure.
Navigeren door het labyrint van grensoverschrijdende detachering
Authors: Laagland Femke 
Published: August 2016

Navigeren door het labyrint van grensoverschrijdende detachering
De vraag hoeveel werknemersbescherming lidstaten aan uit het buitenland gedetacheerde werknemers kunnen toekennen, heeft de gemoederen lange tijd bezig gehouden. De zaak Laval bracht duidelijkheid, maar heeft ook tot nieuwe uitdagingen geleid. Verschillende constructies zijn ingezet om de loonkosten zo laag mogelijk te houden. Denk aan het vermijden van permanente detachering, maar ook aan het oprichten van buitenlandse bv’s die werknemers naar Nederlandse concernonderdelen detacheren. De constructies zijn lucratief omdat de juridische status bepaalt waarop de buitenlandse werknemer recht heeft. De ene keer bestaat recht op de hardekern-arbeidsvoorwaarden en de andere keer op alle (dwingende) arbeidsrechtelijke bepalingen uit het werkland. Bovendien kennen de verschillende typen detachering uit de Detacheringsrichtlijn – contracting, intra-concernuitlening en uitzending – ook elk hun eigen arbeidsrechtelijke regime. In dit artikel staat centraal wanneer nu welk arbeidsrechtelijk regime geldt en waarom. De auteur beantwoordt deze vraag aan de hand van de fundamentele verkeersvrijheden, het internationaal privaatrecht en het Nederlandse nationale arbeidsrecht. Ook is er aandacht voor het voorstel tot aanpassing van de Detacheringsrichtlijn van maart dit jaar.
Elimination of leakage of optical modes to GaN substrate in nitride laser diodes using a thick InGaN waveguide
Authors: Muziol Grzegorz , Turski Henryk , Siekacz Marcin , Grzanka Szymon , Perlin Piotr , Skierbiszewski Czesław 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
A novel design consisting of a thick InGaN waveguide is proposed to fully eliminate leakage to the GaN substrate in nitride laser diodes. The design is based on the effective refractive index engineering and does not require the commonly used thick AlGaN claddings. The conditions required to fully eliminate the optical leakage are discussed. Experimental results from eight blue laser diodes with different indium contents and thicknesses of the InGaN waveguide grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy are presented to validate the theoretical results.
Effect of tunnel-spin polarization on spin accumulation in n-type Ge(001)/MgO/Co40Fe40B20
Authors: Lee Soogil , Kim Sanghoon , Son Jangyup , Cha Jongin , Pathak Sachin , Hong Jongill 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
We found that a huge enhancement of electrical spin accumulation in n-type Ge(001) with the MgO/Co40Fe40B20 (CFB) spin-tunnel contact (STC) is realized by postannealing. The spin-resistance–area product (R
s
A) of this STC on n-type Ge after postannealing at 350 °C (1.97 × 106 Ω·µm2) is nearly one order of magnitude larger than that of the as-deposited one (2.34 × 105 Ω·µm2). The dependence of R
s
A on contact resistance, a scaling property, is also greatly modulated after postannealing. The epitaxial growth of CFB on an MgO(001) template and the consequent TSP improvement are responsible for such changes.