bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distributed adaptive control for vehicular platoon with unknown dead‐zone inputs and velocity/acceleration disturbances
Authors: Guo Xiang‐Gui , Wang Jian Liang , Liao Fang , Teo Rodney Swee Huat 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThis paper is focused on designing a distributed adaptive control scheme for a vehicular platoon with unknown bounded velocity/acceleration disturbances and unknown nonlinear dead‐zone inputs. Our aim is to design distributed adaptive controllers based on integral sliding mode control techniques that guarantee practical exponential convergence (i.e., exponential stability of an arbitrarily small neighborhood of zero) of the spacing errors and the string stability of the whole vehicular platoon. The contributions of this paper are that: (i) based on a modified constant time headway policy, the whole vehicular platoon is guaranteed to have string stability despite dead zone inputs; (ii) adaptive compensation terms are constructed to compensate for the time‐variant effects caused by unknown bounded velocity/acceleration disturbances, and unknown dead zone inputs; (iii) an efficient numerical method for avoiding the singularity problem of the control law is also proposed. Numerical simulation results show the validity and advantages of the proposed method are significantly higher traffic density and string stability. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of Silicone Surfactant Along with Hydrocarbon Surfactants to Textile Washing for the Removal of Different Complex Stains
Authors: Pukale Dipak D. , Bansode Archana S. , Pinjari Dipak V. , Kulkarni Rahul R. , Sayed Usha 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe present work reports the application of trisiloxane polyether silicone surfactant to remove various stains along with a range of hydrocarbon (organic) surfactants to investigate whether silicone surfactants offer synergism or antagonism during the cotton fabric cleaning process. Cotton fabric was soiled with red wine, turmeric, permanent marker, acrylic paint, and coffee and washed with the original fabric in aqueous solutions of individual surfactant and blend of surfactants by applying the conventional shaking washing method. The detergency and soil redeposition were determined from the alteration in the surface reflectance of prepared stained fabrics and the original fabric after washing. Surfactants used for the washing were trisiloxane polyether silicone surfactant (AG‐Platinum), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, lauryl alcohol ethoxylate (LA‐10), and nonylphenol ethoxylate (NP‐10) and their blends. In comparison with individual hydrocarbon surfactants, blends of surfactants (with different hydrocarbon to silicone surfactant ratios) dislodged stains (accumulated on the fabric as a result of staining) effectively at shorter time and at lower bath ratio because of superior surface properties. With increasing concentration of surfactant, detergency increased and reached a maximum at the critical micelle concentration (CMC). Silicone surfactant reduced the CMCs of the surfactant blends and provided better detergency at lower concentration. From this study, it was found that silicone surfactant could be successfully introduced into laundry detergent formulations.
Planungskultur als Sinnsystem. Eine Untersuchung am Beispiel kooperativer Stadtgrünentwicklung in Düsseldorf
Authors: Sondermann Martin 
Published: November 2016

How is the normative ideal of cooperative urban planning working in practice? Taking the case of green urban development in Düsseldorf (Germany) the analysis is focused on the cooperation between civil society and political-administrative actors. Thereby planning practice is qualitatively analysed from a cultural perspective. The empirical observations are theorised based on a Grounded Theory approach leading to a model of planning culture. It is shown how a ‘culture of cooperation’ has emerged in Düsseldorf’s green urban development, including a living tradition of cooperation and shared orientations of the actors. This culture is observable in the institutional scopes of actions and the adaptation of organisational structures and procedures. The theoretical output of this research illustrates an understanding of planning which emphasises the specific forms of negotiating spatial development on the local level. Ultimately local planning cultures are described as context-specific systems of meaning, which have emerged over time through processes of communication, learning and rapprochement between the actors involved. These systems of meaning guide planning-related actions and manifest in the ways spaces are socially produced.
The Political and Economic History of Vineyard Planting Rights in Europe: From Montesquieu to the European Union
Authors: Meloni Giulia , Swinnen Johan 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn 2008, the European Union (EU) voted to liberalize its system of planting rights, which has strictly regulated vine plantings in the EU. However, after an intense lobbying campaign, the liberalization of the planting rights system was overturned in 2013, and new regulations could create an even more restrictive system. European wine associations have complained about the detrimental effects of the new regulations. There is a precedent in history. In 1726, the French political philosopher and landowner Montesquieu complained to the French king about the prohibition on planting new vines. Montesquieu was not successful in his demands to remove the system of planting rights. Old and recent history suggests that political forces against liberalization of planting rights are very strong. Only the French Revolution in 1789 led to a fundamental liberalization of planting rights. The “liberal period” of the nineteenth century was sustained by the combination of the French Revolution's liberal ideology, the thirst of Napoleon's armies for wine, and diseases that wiped out most of the French vineyards.That said, in the past and the present, enforcement of planting rights is a major problem. In fact, despite the official restrictions, Montesquieu managed to plant his vines, allowing him to become a successful wine producer and merchant, to travel, and to spend time thinking, discussing, and ultimately writing up his ideas that influenced much of the Western world's constitutions. (JEL Classifications: K23, L51, N43, N54, Q18)
Broad-scale suppression of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), associated with Bt cotton crops in Northern New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Baker G.H. , Tann C.R. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, is a major pest of many agricultural crops in several countries, including Australia. Transgenic cotton, expressing a single Bt toxin, was first used in the 1990s to control H. armigera and other lepidopteran pests. Landscape scale or greater pest suppression has been reported in some countries using this technology. However, a long-term, broad-scale pheromone trapping program for H. armigera in a mixed cropping region in eastern Australia caught more moths during the deployment of single Bt toxin cotton (Ingard®) (1996–2004) than in previous years. This response can be attributed, at least in part, to (1) a precautionary cap (30% of total cotton grown, by area) being applied to Ingard® to restrict the development of Bt resistance in the pest, and (2) during the Ingard® era, cotton production greatly increased (as did that of another host plant, sorghum) and H. armigera (in particular the 3rd and older generations) responded in concert with this increase in host plant availability. However, with the replacement of Ingard® with Bollgard II® cotton (containing two different Bt toxins) in 2005, and recovery of the cotton industry from prevailing drought, H. armigera failed to track increased host-plant supply and moth numbers decreased. Greater toxicity of the two gene product, introduction of no cap on Bt cotton proportion, and an increase in natural enemy abundance are suggested as the most likely mechanisms responsible for the suppression observed.
The geometry, distribution and development of sand bodies in the Miocene-age Frimmersdorf Seam (Garzweiler open-cast mine), Lower Rhine Basin, Germany: implications for seam exploitation
Authors: PRINZ LINDA , McCANN TOM , SCHÄFER ANDREAS , ASMUS SVEN , LOKAY PETER 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe Cenozoic-age Lower Rhine Basin is located in the NW part of the European Cenozoic Rift System. In Miocene times, a combination of warm climatic conditions and basin subsidence resulted in the deposition of up to 100m of lignite (i.e. Main Seam of the Ville Formation). The Main Seam can be subdivided into the Morken, Frimmersdorf and Garzweiler seams, separated by two intercalated transgressive sand units, namely the Frimmersdorf and Neurath sands, deposited in a shallow-marine, tide-dominated environment. The lignite seams of the Ville Formation are currently worked by RWE Power AG, in the Garzweiler II open-cast mine. In the Frimmersdorf Seam (between the Frimmersdorf Sand and the Neurath Sand), the presence of small-scale sand bodies, together with their variable dimensions, affects the industrial exploitation of the seam. Moreover, their irregular distribution complicates their precise and early recognition. Indeed, so-called barren lignite (≥ 17% of sand) and completely clean units can occur within a few metres of each other. Initial classification of these highly variable sand bodies suggests a variety of both pre- and post-depositional causal mechanisms, providing evidence of an extremely complex depositional and post-depositional system. Syn-depositional sand bodies were deposited in a swamp area that was located in the fluvial-dominated sub-environment of an extended tidal estuary. The post-depositional formation of sand bodies is related to the intrusion of fluidized sands from the underlying Frimmersdorf Sand. These sand injectites within the Frimmersdorf Seam are considered to be linked to seismic activity within the Lower Rhine Basin.
The remarkable Dr Robertson
Authors: HAMMARTON TANSY C. 
Published: November 2016

SUMMARYMuriel Robertson (1883–1973) was a pioneering protozoologist who made a staggering number of important contributions to the fields of parasitology, bacteriology and immunology during her career, which spanned nearly 60 years. These contributions were all the more remarkable given the scientific and social times in which she worked. While Muriel is perhaps best known for her work on the life cycle and transmission of the African trypanosome,Trypanosoma brucei, which she carried out in Uganda at the height of a major Sleeping Sickness epidemic, her work on the Clostridia during the First and Second World Wars made significant contributions to the understanding of anaerobes and to the development of anti-toxoid vaccines, and her work on the immunology ofTrichomonas foetusinfections in cattle, carried out in collaboration with the veterinarian W. R. Kerr, resulted in changes in farming practices that very quickly eradicated trichomoniasis from cattle herds in Northern Ireland. The significance of her work was recognized with the award of Fellow of the Royal Society in 1947 and an Honorary Doctorate of Law from the University of Glasgow, where she had earlier studied, in 1948.
Psychological interventions to reduce suicidality in high-risk patients with major depression: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Celano C. M. , Beale E. E. , Mastromauro C. A. , Stewart J. G. , Millstein R. A. , Auerbach R. P. , Bedoya C. A. , Huffman J. C. 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundPositive psychological constructs have been associated with reduced suicidal ideation, and interventions to cultivate positive feelings have the potential to reduce suicide risk. This study compares the efficacy of a 6-week, telephone-based positive psychology (PP) intervention against a cognition-focused (CF) control intervention among patients recently hospitalized for depression and suicidal ideation or behavior.MethodA total of 65 adults with a current major depressive episode reporting suicidal ideation or a recent suicide attempt were enrolled from participating in-patient psychiatric units. Prior to discharge, participants were randomized to the PP (n = 32) or CF (n = 33) intervention. In both interventions, participants received a treatment manual, performed weekly PP (e.g. gratitude letter) or CF (e.g. recalling daily events) exercises, and completed weekly one-on-one telephone sessions over 6 weeks. Between-group differences in hopelessness (primary outcome), depression, suicidality and positive psychological constructs at 6 and 12 weeks were tested using mixed-effects models accounting for intensity of post-hospitalization psychiatric treatment.ResultsCompared with PP, the CF intervention was associated with significantly greater improvements in hopelessness at 6 weeks (β = −3.15, 95% confidence interval −6.18 to −0.12, effect size = −0.84, p = 0.04), but not 12 weeks. Similarly, the CF intervention led to greater improvements in depression, suicidal ideation, optimism and gratitude at 6 and 12 weeks.ConclusionsContrary to our hypothesis, the CF intervention was superior to PP in improving hopelessness, other suicide risk factors and positive psychological constructs during a key post-discharge period among suicidal patients with depression. Further study of this CF intervention is warranted in populations at high suicide risk.
COLLECTIVE OBLIGATIONS, GROUP PLANS AND INDIVIDUAL ACTIONS
Authors: Tamminga Allard , Duijf Hein 
Published: November 2016

Abstract:If group members aim to fulfil a collective obligation, they must act in such a way that the composition of their individual actions amounts to a group action that fulfils the collective obligation. We study a strong sense of joint action in which the members of a group design and then publicly adopt a group plan that coordinates the individual actions of the group members. We characterize the conditions under which a group plan successfully coordinates the group members’ individual actions, and study how the public adoption of a plan changes the context in which individual agents make a decision about what to do.
Pure exact structures and the pure derived category of a scheme
Authors: ESTRADA SERGIO , GILLESPIE JAMES , ODABAŞI SINEM 
Published: November 2016

AbstractLet$\mathcal{C}$be closed symmetric monoidal Grothendieck category. We define the pure derived category with respect to the monoidal structure via a relative injective model category structure on the categoryC($\mathcal{C}$) of unbounded chain complexes in$\mathcal{C}$. We use λ-Purity techniques to get this. As application we define the stalkwise pure derived category of the category of quasi–coherent sheaves on a quasi-separated scheme. We also give a different approach by using the category of flat quasi–coherent sheaves.
Hubris and Humility Effect and the Domain-Masculine Intelligence Type in Two Countries: Colombia and the UK
Authors: Storek Josephine , Furnham Adrian 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSpanish-speaking Colombian (n = 50) and English-speaking British (N = 52) adults completed a self-assessed intelligence measure that yielded a score on domain-masculine intelligence (DMIQ), a composite of mathematical/logical and spatial intelligences. They also completed a Sex Role inventory in order to establish their masculinity and femininity. Males in both countries gave significantly higher self-estimates (Colombia: Males 110.36, Females 100.75, d = .94; England: Males 114.37, Females 105.75, d = .86; both p < .01) than females but sex role was note related to DMIQ. However there was a positive relationship between masculinity and DMIQ (r = .45, r = .39, p < .01), but only for males. Cultural issues in self-assessed intelligence and limitations, particularly sample size of this exploratory study are considered.
Impaired Error Processing and Semantic Processing During	Multitasking
Authors: Weißbecker-Klaus Xenija , Ullsperger Peter , Freude Gabriele , Schapkin Sergei A. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Neuronal mechanisms of error processing under multitasking and their impact on the processing of a concurrent task were examined. Twenty-one younger and twenty older healthy adults performed a visual-motor flanker task or an auditory-vocal semantic task or both tasks simultaneously. During task performance the electroencephalogram (EEG) was continuously recorded. The event-related potential (ERP) was derived from the EEG, and ERP components associated with error processing (Ne and Pe) and semantic processing (N400) were analyzed. Older participants responded more slowly than younger ones in the flanker task regardless of the multitasking condition, while accuracy was equal in both groups. In the flanker task, multitasking led to an increase of error rates, a reduction of reaction times, and a disappearance of post-error slowing (PES). Error detection (Ne) was delayed and error awareness (Pe) attenuated in the single flanker task relative to the multitasking condition. In the semantic task, multitasking led to an increase of reaction times and a delay of the N400 in particular when an error in the flanker task occurred. First, these results indicate that multitasking impaired error processing, in particular conscious error perception (Pe) and abolished post-error adjustments of performance (PES) which may have resulted in a more risky response tendency in the flanker task. Second, multitasking impaired semantic processing, in particular after an error in the concurrent flanker task. Hence, multitasking compromised error processing and error prevention in one of the tasks, and semantic processing in the other task. Consequently, multitasking should be avoided at workplaces with error-prone job assignments or where poor understanding of communication may have serious consequences.
Inbreeding depression by environment interactions in a free-living mammal population
Authors: Pemberton J M , Ellis P E , Pilkington J G , Bérénos C 
Published: November 2016

AbstractExperimental studies often find that inbreeding depression is more severe in harsh environments, but the few studies of in situ wild populations available to date rarely find strong support for this effect. We investigated evidence for inbreeding depression by environment interactions in nine traits in the individually monitored Soay sheep population of St Kilda, using genomic inbreeding coefficients based on 37 037 single-nucleotide polymorphism loci, and population density as an axis of environmental variation. All traits showed variation with population density and all traits showed some evidence for depression because of either an individual’s own inbreeding or maternal inbreeding. However, only six traits showed evidence for an interaction in the expected direction, and only two interactions were statistically significant. We identify three possible reasons why wild population studies may generally fail to find strong support for interactions between inbreeding depression and environmental variation compared with experimental studies. First, for species with biparental inbreeding only, the amount of observed inbreeding in natural populations is generally low compared with that used in experimental studies. Second, it is possible that experimental studies sometimes actually impose higher levels of stress than organisms experience in the wild. Third, some purging of the deleterious recessive alleles that underpin interaction effects may occur in the wild.
Deep phenotyping unveils hidden traits and genetic relations in subtle mutants
Authors: San-Miguel Adriana , Kurshan Peri T. , Crane Matthew M. , Zhao Yuehui , McGrath Patrick T. , Shen Kang , Lu Hang 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDiscovering mechanistic insights from phenotypic information is critical for the understanding of biological processes. For model organisms, unlike in cell culture, this is currently bottlenecked by the non-quantitative nature and perceptive biases of human observations, and the limited number of reporters that can be simultaneously incorporated in live animals. An additional challenge is that isogenic populations exhibit significant phenotypic heterogeneity. These difficulties limit genetic approaches to many biological questions. To overcome these bottlenecks, we developed tools to extract complex phenotypic traits from images of fluorescently labelled subcellular landmarks, using C. elegans synapses as a test case. By population-wide comparisons, we identified subtle but relevant differences inaccessible to subjective conceptualization. Furthermore, the models generated testable hypotheses of how individual alleles relate to known mechanisms or belong to new pathways. We show that our model not only recapitulates current knowledge in synaptic patterning but also identifies novel alleles overlooked by traditional methods.
Unlocking sperm chromatin at fertilization requires a dedicated egg thioredoxin in Drosophila
Authors: Tirmarche Samantha , Kimura Shuhei , Dubruille Raphaëlle , Horard Béatrice , Loppin Benjamin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn most animals, the extreme compaction of sperm DNA is achieved after the massive replacement of histones with sperm nuclear basic proteins (SNBPs), such as protamines. In some species, the ultracompact sperm chromatin is stabilized by a network of disulfide bonds connecting cysteine residues present in SNBPs. Studies in mammals have established that the reduction of these disulfide crosslinks at fertilization is required for sperm nuclear decondensation and the formation of the male pronucleus. Here, we show that the Drosophila maternal thioredoxin Deadhead (DHD) is specifically required to unlock sperm chromatin at fertilization. In dhd mutant eggs, the sperm nucleus fails to decondense and the replacement of SNBPs with maternally-provided histones is severely delayed, thus preventing the participation of paternal chromosomes in embryo development. We demonstrate that DHD localizes to the sperm nucleus to reduce its disulfide targets and is then rapidly degraded after fertilization.
All-gas-phase synthesis of UiO-66 through modulated atomic layer deposition
Authors: Lausund Kristian Blindheim , Nilsen Ola 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThin films of stable metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) such as UiO-66 have enormous application potential, for instance in microelectronics. However, all-gas-phase deposition techniques are currently not available for such MOFs. We here report on thin-film deposition of the thermally and chemically stable UiO-66 in an all-gas-phase process by the aid of atomic layer deposition (ALD). Sequential reactions of ZrCl4 and 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid produce amorphous organic–inorganic hybrid films that are subsequently crystallized to the UiO-66 structure by treatment in acetic acid vapour. We also introduce a new approach to control the stoichiometry between metal clusters and organic linkers by modulation of the ALD growth with additional acetic acid pulses. An all-gas-phase synthesis technique for UiO-66 could enable implementations in microelectronics that are not compatible with solvothermal synthesis. Since this technique is ALD-based, it could also give enhanced thickness control and the possibility to coat irregular substrates with high aspect ratios.