bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colorectal cancer in the world: incidence, mortality and risk factors
Authors: Gandomani Hamidreza Sadeghi , Yousefi Seyed Majid , Aghajani Mohammad , Mohammadian-Hafshejani Abdollah , Tarazoj Abed Asgari , Pouyesh Vahideh , Salehiniya Hamid 
Published: October 2017

A rapid literature search strategy was conducted for all English language literature published before July 2017. The search was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. The search strategy included the keywords ‘colorectal cancer’, ‘epidemiology’, ‘incidence’, ‘mortality’, ‘risk factor’, and ‘world’. In 2012, the highest CRC incidence rates were observed in the Republic of Korea, Slovakia and Hungary while the lowest incidence rates were seen in Singapore, Serbia and Japan. The highest CRC mortality rates in both sexes were seen in Central and Eastern Europe and the lowest mortality rates were found in Middle Division of Africa. The main risk factors for CRC include nutritional factors, past medical history, smoking, socioeconomic status, and family medical history. According to the increasing trend of CRC incidence and mortality in the world, implementation of prevention programs such as screening programs, diet modification, and healthy lifestyle education is necessary.
Peer Review Details

Peer review method: Single-Blind (Peer-reviewers: 02) Peer-review policy
Plagiarism software screening?: Yes
Date of Original Submission: 26 August 2017
Date accepted: 20 Sept 2017
Peer reviewers approved by: Dr. Lili Hami
Editor who approved publication: Dr. Phuc Van Pham
Pengembangan Aplikasi Repositori Karya Ilmiah LIPI Berbasis Mobile (Development of Scientific Paper LIPI Repository Mobile Application)
Authors: Prasetyadi Abdur Rakhman , Nurhadryani Yani 
Published: October 2017

<p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Repositori LIPI berfungsi untuk menghimpun <em>output</em> intelektual peneliti salah satunya adalah karya ilmiah yang diterbitkan oleh institusinya. Adapun permasalahan pada penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pengguna dapat mengakses karya ilmiah yang lebih efisien dan bagaimana kontributor dapat mengunggah karya ilmiahnya secara mandiri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan aplikasi Repositori karya ilmiah LIPI berbasis <em>mobile </em>untuk membantu pengguna lebih mudah mengakses karya ilmiah yang telah diunggah oleh kontributor di LIPI. Metode dan teknologi yang digunakan adalah aspek-aspek <em>user experience </em>(UX) dan perangkat lunak APP Inventor. Hasil dari penelitian ini telah berhasil membuat tampilan antarmuka aplikasi maka pengguna dapat dengan mudah mencari, menelusur dan membaca karya ilmiah. Selain itu, juga memudahkan para kontributor untuk mengelola konten seperti mengunggah/edit/hapus karya ilmiah melalui laman kontributor. Hasil pengujian akhir aplikasi menunjukkan bahwa dari segi tampilan dan fitur sudah cukup baik, <em>error</em> (<em>rate</em>) hanya 11,1%.</p><p><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p align="center"> </p><p><em>LIPI repository was built to muster scientific works produced by scientists, including papers published by their own institutions. While the problem of this research was how users could find and access papers efficiently and how contributors could upload their works by themselves. The goal of the research was to develop a prototype application. Mobile based LIPI scientific repository focused on three aspects, which are users need analysis, prototype application development and prototype application trial. Method and technology used in the research was using user experience (UX) aspects and APP Inventor software. The result of the research was successfully developed an interface application view so it will be easier for users to search, browse and find papers. On the other hand, it would be easier for contributors to manage the content, such as uploading/editing/erasing papers using contributors’ page. The final trial result showed that the application’s view and feature was good, with error (rate) of only 11.1%.</em></p>
Operative management of tibial plateau fractures: an assessment of functional and radiological outcomes with Rasmusssens scoring system
Authors: Subash Yeshwanth , Dhamu Ilavarasan M. , B. Jagadeesh , N. Preethi , Jayaram Manoj , Naidu Gunalan K. 
Published: October 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Fractures of the proximal tibia involve a major weight bearing joint and are intra-articular injuries which frequently result in functional impairment. They require an accurate reduction of the articular surface with stable internal fixation. If these fractures are not managed appropriately, they often result in high rates of morbidity in the form of knee stiffness and arthritis. This study was done to assess the functional and radiological outcomes following various surgical modalities and to compare them with other studies as available in literature.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 30 patients with tibial plateau fractures treated by various surgical modalities at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital were studied from January 2013 to February 2015 and were followed up for a minimum period of 6 months. Functional and radiological outcomes were assessed by the Rasmussens scoring system.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> All 30 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were thoroughly evaluated and were taken up for surgery with various modalities of fixation which included cannulated cancellous screws, T and L buttress plates and locking compression plates. Articular surface elevation with bone grafting was done in depressed fractures. Early knee mobilization was started and strict non-weight bearing walking was advocated. We had a 90% acceptable functional result which was comparable with other studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In our study, we conclude that accurate reduction of the articular surface with stable internal fixation and early mobilization with bone grafting in depressed fractures with protracted weight bearing till fracture union gives good functional results. Also radiological values often do not often correlate well with functional outcomes. </p>
Optimal energy recovery by means of pumps as turbines (PATs) for improved WDS management
Authors: Tricarico Carla , Morley Mark S. , Gargano Rudy , Kapelan Zoran , Savić Dragan , Santopietro Simone , Granata Francesco , de Marinis Giovanni 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In water networks characterized by a significant variation in ground elevations the necessity of pumping water in some areas is complicated by a conflicting requirement to reduce excess pressures in other areas. This and the increasing cost of electricity has led to the use of Pumps-operating-As-Turbines (PATs) devices that can reduce pressure (and leakage) whilst harvesting energy. This paper presents a methodology for optimal water distribution system (WDS) management, driving the optimization by minimizing the surplus pressure at network nodes and the operational pumping costs and maximizing the income generated through energy recovery. The method is based on a highly parallelized Evolutionary Algorithm, employing an hydraulic solver to evaluate hydraulic constraints. Water demands at network nodes are considered as uncertain variables modelled by using a probabilistic approach in order to take into account unknown future demands. The approach is demonstrated in different case studies. Results obtained highlight that the economic benefits of installing PATs for energy recovery in conjunction with a combined pump-scheduling and pressure management regime is especially related to the input network characteristics. Further analysis of the importance of the probabilistic approach and of the influence of the interval time step adopted for the optimization has been evaluated.
Twelve-Week 24/7 Ambulatory Artificial Pancreas With Weekly Adaptation of Insulin Delivery Settings: Effect on Hemoglobin A1c and Hypoglycemia
Authors: Dassau Eyal , Pinsker Jordan E. , Kudva Yogish C. , Brown Sue A. , Gondhalekar Ravi , Dalla Man Chiara , Patek Steve , Schiavon Michele , Dadlani Vikash , Dasanayake Isuru , Church Mei Mei , Carter Rickey E. , Bevier Wendy C. , Huyett Lauren M. , Hughes Jonathan , Anderson Stacey , Lv Dayu , Schertz Elaine , Emory Emma , McCrady-Spitzer Shelly K. , Jean Tyler , Bradley Paige K. , Hinshaw Ling , Laguna Sanz Alejandro J. , Basu Ananda , Kovatchev Boris , Cobelli Claudio , Doyle Francis J. 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVE
Artificial pancreas (AP) systems are best positioned for optimal treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and are currently being tested in outpatient clinical trials. Our consortium developed and tested a novel adaptive AP in an outpatient, single-arm, uncontrolled multicenter clinical trial lasting 12 weeks.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Thirty adults with T1D completed a continuous glucose monitor (CGM)-augmented 1-week sensor-augmented pump (SAP) period. After the AP was started, basal insulin delivery settings used by the AP for initialization were adapted weekly, and carbohydrate ratios were adapted every 4 weeks by an algorithm running on a cloud-based server, with automatic data upload from devices. Adaptations were reviewed by expert study clinicians and patients. The primary end point was change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Outcomes are reported adhering to consensus recommendations on reporting of AP trials.

RESULTS
Twenty-nine patients completed the trial. HbA1c, 7.0 ± 0.8% at the start of AP use, improved to 6.7 ± 0.6% after 12 weeks (−0.3, 95% CI −0.5 to −0.2, P &lt; 0.001). Compared with the SAP run-in, CGM time spent in the hypoglycemic range improved during the day from 5.0 to 1.9% (−3.1, 95% CI −4.1 to −2.1, P &lt; 0.001) and overnight from 4.1 to 1.1% (−3.1, 95% CI −4.2 to −1.9, P &lt; 0.001). Whereas carbohydrate ratios were adapted to a larger extent initially with minimal changes thereafter, basal insulin was adapted throughout. Approximately 10% of adaptation recommendations were manually overridden. There were no protocol-related serious adverse events.

CONCLUSIONS
Use of our novel adaptive AP yielded significant reductions in HbA1c and hypoglycemia.
Pola Pembinaan Himpunan Mahasiswa Jurusan Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Ekstra-Akademik Mahasiswa Jurusan Akuntansi Program S1
Authors: Julianto Putu , Marvilianti Dewi Putu Eka Dianita 
Published: October 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola pembinaan kemahasiswaan pada Jurusan Akuntansi program S1 Pendidikan Ganesha. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif.Teknik analsisi data dalam penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menyederhanakan data ke dalam bentuk yang lebih mudah dibaca dan diinterpretasikan.Sedangkan teknik analysis keabsahan data menggunakan metode ketekunan pengamatan, triangulasi data dan sumber serta diskusi Himpunan Mahasiswa Jurusan. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah dalam bidang pembinaan kemahasiswaan, tentu sangat diperlukan adanya keseimbangan antara kegiatan akademik dengan kemahasiswaan. Kegiatan kemahasiswaan yang sedapat mungkin mendorong: a) berkembangnya kebebasan akademik, b) terciptanya suasana akademik yang mendorong proses penelitian, inovasi, kreativitas dan pemunculan ide-ide setiap individu, c) berkembangnya sistem nilai moral, tata tertib dan operasi standar lainnya yang memungkinkan terjadinya team building dan team spirit sehingga memungkinkan seseorang atau kelompok untuk produktif secara optimal
Pengembangan SOP Kemahasiswaan Dalam Rangka Peningkatan Keaktifan Berorganisasi Pada Mahasiswa Jurusan Akuntansi Program Diploma III
Authors: Ariani Mayasari Ni Made Dwi , Dwita Atmaja I Made 
Published: October 2017

Mahasiswa sebagai “Agent of Change” mempunyai peran kunci dalam hal kemajuan kampus dan negara. Kegiatan yang bisa dilakukan untuk menunjang hal tersebut adalah dengan melakukan kegiatan berorganisasi dalam kehidupan kampus. Melihat hal tersebut dipandang perlu dibuat suatu standar dalam pelaksanaan kehidupan berorganisasi mahasiswa. Dalam penelitian ini penulis berhasil mengembangkan sembilan standar yang mengatur tentang instruksi yang harus dilaksanakan oleh para anggota organisasi. Dengan adanya Standar Operating Prosedur (SOP)diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektifitas kegiatan kemahasiswaan yang dilaksanakan oleh lembaga kemahasiswaan di universitas. Instruksi kerja yang terstandarisasi akan semua kegiatan mahasiswa akan dapat dilakukan secara konsisten oleh siapapun yang sedang bertugas melakukan kegiatan tersebut.
Pelatihan Dan Pendampingan Penyusunan Anggaran Pendapatan Dan Belanja Serta Laporan Keuangan Desa Untuk Pertanggungjawaban Dan Pelaporan Perangkat Desa Pada Desa Di Kecamatan Busungbiu
Authors: Erni Sulindawati Ni Luh Gede , Pertama Yudantara I Gede Agus , Purnamawati I Gusti Ayu 
Published: October 2017

Kegiatan ini dilatarbelakangi ditemukannya permasalahan Desa di Kecamatan Busungbiu, dimana permasalahan mereka antara lain (1) belum mampu menyusun anggaran pendapatan dan belanja desa; (2) belum mampu menyusun laporan keuangan desa untuk pertanggungjawaban dan pelaporan perangkat desa. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut metode kegiatan P2M ini dalam bentuk pelatihan dan pendampingan pelaksanaan penyusunan anggaran penerimaan dan belanja desa serta penyusunan laporan keuangan desa untuk pertanggungjawaban dan pelaporan perangkat desa di Kecamatan Busungbiu. Untuk dapat melaksanakan kegiatan ini dengan baik dan terarah maka metode kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah dirancang dengan sistematis dalam beberapa tahapan yaitu tahap persiapan, tahap implementasi dan tahap monitoirng dan tahap evaluasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui kebermanfaatan dari kegiatan pelatihan dan pendampingan. Dari evaluasi yang dilakukan diperoleh skor sebesar 85.40% yang dapat diartikan bahwa peserta mengikuti pelatihan dan pendampingan pelaksanaan penyusunan anggaran pendapatan dan belanja desa serta penyusunan laporan keuangan desa dengan kreteria baik
Kajian Hukum Lingkungan Dalam Pengelolaan Pondok Wisata Pada Kawasan Sempadan Pantai Di Desa Dencarik Dalam Perspektif Hubungan Mutual Antara Stakeholders
Authors: Sari Adnyani Ni Ketut 
Published: October 2017

Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian yuridis empiris dengan menggunakan bahan penelitian yang terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Pengumpulan data primer diperoleh melalui proses observasi dan wawancara langsung dengan responden dan narasumber berdasarkan pedoman wawancara yang telah disiapkan peneliti sebelum penelitian dilaksanakan. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui hasil studi kepustakaan/studi dokumen pada beberapa literatur yang relevan dengan topik penelitian. Adapun metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) metode observasi, (2) metode wawancara, (3) metode pencatatan dokumen dan (4) metode kepustakaan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa, (1) Pembangunan pondok wisata di Desa Dencarik disebabkan karena perkembangan kegiatan pariwisata di Kabupaten Buleleng yang meningkat mengakibatkan harus tersedianya akomodasi pariwisata yang memadai di Kabupaten Buleleng. (2) Tatalaksana penetapan izin pembangunan pondok wisata di Desa Dencarik yang lebih mengutamakan faktor kemanfaatan ekonomi daripada faktor kepastian hukum, telah menimbulkan terjadinya 2 (dua) bentuk pelanggaran.
OKSIDASI SORBITOL MENGGUNAKAN MOLEKUL OKSIGEN YANG DIAKTIFASI KATALIS Pd/-Al2O3 DALAM PELARUT AIR
Authors: - Andriayani , Raja Saur Lumban 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT The sorbitol has been oxidized by molecular oxygen that activated by Pd/g-Al2O3 catalyst in water solvent at 70°C. The product was contained 1.3 g (26%) of the glucaric acid. The product was characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectrophotometer. The product oxidation was reacted with solution of sodium hydroxide methanol at 70°C during 5 hours produced sodium dicarboxylate in the form yellow gel about 0.3 g (30%). The product was characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectrophotometer. Keywords: sorbitol, oxidation, catalyst, Pd/g-Al2O3, oxygen molecular
PEMBUATAN PRECIPITATED CALCIUM CARBONATE (PCC) DARI BATU KAPUR DENGAN METODA KAUSTIK SODA
Authors: Jamarun Novesar , - Yulfitrin , Arief Syukri 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRAK PCC dapat dihasilkan dari batu kapur melalui tiga metoda yaitu metoda solvay, karbonasi dan metoda kaustik soda. Pada penelitian ini PCC disintesis dengan metoda kaustik soda yang dimodifikasi, yakni dengan mereaksikan batu kapur yang sudah dikalsinasi (CaO) dengan asam nitrat, membentuk garam kalsium nitrat yang mudah larut. Larutan garam yang terbentuk direaksikan dengan larutan natrium karbonat sehingga terbentuk endapan kalsium karbonat (PCC). Berdasarkan analisis XRF kandungan CaO dalam batu kapur yang diambil dari 5 daerah (Halaban, Lintau Buo, Bukit Tui, Solok, Indarung) di Sumatera Barat berkisar antara 52,79% sampai 54,93%, dengan kandungan tertinggi pada daerah Lintau Buo (54,93%). PCC yang dihasilkan paling banyak diperoleh pada konsentrasi 2,00 M yaitu 96,52%. Berdasarkan analisis XRD, PCC mempunyai bentuk kristal kalsit dan vaterit dengan ukuran kristal 13,95-14,02 nm, analisis dengan SEM menunjukkan partikel berbentuk kubus (kalsit) dengan ukuran 2 µm.
ISOLASI KUMARIN DARI BIJI PINANG (Areca catechu L.)
Authors: Ibrahim Sanusi , Iqbal Muhamad , Arifin Bustanul 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT Coumarin has been isolated from seed of Areca catechu L. an ethyl acetate fraction which needle crystal products at 184 –185°C. Based on thin layer chromatography analysis using n-hexane : acetone (4 : 6) as eluent got Rf 0.6. From elemental analysis, mass spectra, ultraviolet spectra, infra red spectra, nuclear magnetic resonance spectra ( H and C NMR) ,concluded this compound was 7-hidroksi-4-metil coumarine. Keywords : Areca catechu, 7-hidroksi-4-metil kumarin.
UJI PREKLINIS VIRGIN COCONUT OIL TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KADAR KOLESTEROL BAIK HDL, PENURUNAN KADAR TRIGLISERIDA, PROFIL KIMIA ASAM LEMAK (C6-C18) DAN OMEGA-3 PADA SERUM DARAH TIKUS PUTIH (Mus musculus)
Authors: Syukur Sumaryati , Dahlyanti Rina , Sumanti Titi , Murni Yulia , Hidayat Zoni , Arifin Helmi , Purwati Endang , - Risfaheri 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT The Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) products have different qualities and controversy effects of lipids metabolism. This research has been used one of VCO product that was produced by fermentation method using Lactobacillus sp. It has high amount of lauric acid (C12) up to 51 %, caprilic acid (C8) 8.9 %, capric acid (C10) 7 % include Omega-3, 6 and 9, vitamins A, D, E, K and three kinds of phytohormone. The ratio of Omega-3 and 6 was very proportional, therefore it is important to investigate the Pre Clinic Test of animal experiment. Pre Clinic Test of dietary VCO as food supplement has been determined by using 40 mice’s, which divided into 4 groups. Feeding on egg yolk to Group I (negative control), Group II (positive control) increased cholesterol level. The others were Group III (egg yolk and VCO 2 %) and group IV (egg yolk and VCO 4 %). It was determined the total of cholesterol, HDL at 10th, 20th and 30th day treated by using the enzymatic methods. The dietary of VCO 2-4 % resulted in significant increases in HDL levels from 32 % to 69 %. The dietary of VCO 4 % for four weeks did not toxic to mice metabolism. Triglycerides level decreased 50 % from 177 to 85 and similar resulted to cholesterol ratio. Feeding on VCO for 4 weeks, the SCFA and MCFA not detected in serum of mice. The LCFA (C16) palmitate in significant decreased from 0.96 to 0.1%. The significant level of Omega-3 increased more than three times in serum of mice dietary VCO 2-4 %. Keywords: Coconut Oil, Lactobacillus
PENGARUH LOGAM Li PADA ADSORPSI ATOM-ATOM H OLEH PERMUKAAN GRAFENA PLANAR
Authors: Kusuma Theresia Sita , - Emdeniz , Arief Syukri 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT Graphene has future prospect for electronics. By adding some substituents this material can be tuned to behave like a metal or semiconductor. In this investigation, a planar single layer of modified graphene, C24H12-mLim (m = 0, 3, 6, and 12) consisted of seven six-member rings was used to adsorb the oncoming hydrogen (perpendicular to the surface, was defined as Had). A planar twolayer graphene C48H24 (7+7) was also included. To determine the adsorption models and the Had couverage, a semiempiris Calzaferri program, works on pentium 4 windows 98, was used to optimize nHad (n = 1, 2, and 3) that reached the surfaces. The heat of Had adsorption and the band gap of the surfaces were also computed. Results of these computations showed that: (1) the adsorption process was endothermic and Li reduced the heat of Had adsorption on the surfaces. (2) Li reduced the band gap of the surfaces, so C24H12 was a semiconductor but C24Li12 a conductor. (3) The adsorbed nHad always lowered the band gap of the surfaces, in exception of C24Li12 could be lower or higher. (4) Each atom on the surfaces, in exception hydrogen, might adsorb nHad formed tilted (with C) and lying down (with Li) surface complexes, and for C24H6Li6 an asymmetric twofold complex was also observed. (5) However, the Had couverage was low, some Had formed H2 and this was not observed on C24H6Li6. (6) The C48H24 kept an H2 molecule between layers. Thus, a new material C24H6Li6 which had two adsorption models, might increase the Had couverage, but had lower conductivity than that of C24H12. On the other hand, it is necessary to study in more details the hydrogen storage between graphene layers. Key words: graphene, adsorption, substituent
BEBERAPA SENYAWA NON AROMATIS DARI DAUN ANDALAS (Morus macroura Miq.)
Authors: A. Yelmida 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT Several non aromatic compounds of the leaf Morus macroura Miq. as the rare Indonesian plant has been extracted using n-hexane as an extractant. The soxletation technique was applied in this extraction. The result are separated by fractionation methods of the liquid vacuum chromatographic and continued with the column gravitation chromatographic. The eluent are n-hexane-ethyl acetate are used in the separation method, based on principles of solvent polarity step by step. These separation was monitoring by thin layer chromatographic. The identification result by spectroscopy ultraviolet, infrared spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR , are four compounds found such as hidroxy tridecanil eicosanoic m.p.67-69 oC, long chain n-alkane m.p. 61-62 oC, long chain aliphatic ester m.p. 65-66 oC and wax ester ketone m.p. 68-70oC. Keywords: non aromatic compound, chromatograhphic
POTENSI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT DALAM MENGHASILKAN BAKTERIOSIN SEBAGAI ANTIMIKROBA DAN PENGUKURAN BERAT MOLEKULNYA DENGAN SDS-PAGE DARI ISOLAT FERMENTASI KAKAO
Authors: - Urnemi , Syukur Sumaryati , Purwati Endang , Ibrahim Sanusi , - Jamsari 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from of cocoa beans fermentation Forestero variety from West Sumatera, that were eleven isolates. The isolates were tested to antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria E.coli NBRC 14237, Staphylococcus aureus NBRC 13276, Bacillus subtilis BTCCB 612, listeria m. dan S. Typhii. Results the research showed that, isolates had inhibition zone to pathogenic bacteria, that were 7 mm till 12 mm at 48 hours observation. R2.4 isolate was most potential to inhibition zones growth pathogenic bacteria, that was 11mm till 12 mm to five pathogens. R2.4 isolates was the highest to against pathogenic bacteria (Bacillus subtilis BTCCB, Listeria monocytogenesis and Staphylococcus aureus NBRC) had inhibition zones, that was 12.00 mm till 48 hours. Listeria monocytogenesis had been known as pest bacterium of food born, so that R2.4 isolate can be used as food biopreservative. Crude of R2.4 isolate molecular weight was 10 kDa by SDS-PAGE. Key words: Lactic acid bacteria, Antimicrobial activity, SDS-PAGE, Cocoa fermentation and food biopreservative