bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El triple rostro de la identidad p´urhépecha = The "triple face" of the p'urhépecha identity
Authors: Janacua Benites Jesús 
Published: January 2018

Janacua, Escobar Roberto (2017) El triple rostro de la identidad p´urhépecha. México: Comisión Nacional para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos Indígenas.Resumen: El trabajo reseña el libro "El triple rostro de la identidad p´urhépecha", publicado por Roberto Janacua Escobar bajo el sello editorial de la Comisión Nacional para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos Indígenas en México. El libro aborda la manera en que los estudiantes bilingües p´urhépecha configuran su identidad en medio de dos mundos a veces contradictorios y a veces complementarios: el mundo de la tradición, representado y objetivado por y en el lenguaje p´urhépecha y el mundo del progreso, representado y objetivado por la salida de la comunidad.Abstract: The work reviews the book "The Triple Face of the P'urhépecha Identity", published by Roberto Janacua Escobar under the editorial stamp of the National Commission for the Development of Indigenous Peoples in Mexico. The book deals with the way in which bilingual p'urhépecha students shape their identity in the midst of two worlds that are sometimes contradictory and sometimes complementary: the world of tradition, represented and objectified by and in the p'urhépecha language and the world of progress , represented and objectified by the departure of the community.
“The Earth is Our Mother”: Freedom of Religion and the Preservation of Indigenous Sacred Sites in Canada
Authors: Bakht Natasha , Collins Lynda 
Published: January 2018

For centuries, the Canadian state engaged in systematic religious persecution of Indigenous peoples through legal prohibitions, coercive residential schooling, and the dispossession and destruction of sacred sites. Though the Canadian government has abandoned the criminalization of Indigenous religious practices and is beginning to come to grips with the devastating legacy of residential schools, it continues to permit the destruction and desecration of Indigenous sacred sites. Sacred sites play a crucial role in most Indigenous cosmologies and communities; they are as necessary to Indigenous religions as human-made places of worship are to other religious traditions. The ongoing case of Ktunaxa Nation v. British Columbia (Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations) represents the first opportunity for the Supreme Court of Canada to consider whether the destruction of an Indigenous sacred site constitutes a violation of freedom of religion under subsection 2(a) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Building on the ground-breaking work of John Borrows and Sarah Morales, we will argue that Indigenous spiritual traditions have a home in this provision and merit a level of protection equal to that enjoyed by other faith groups in Canada. In general, subsection 2(a) will be infringed by non-trivial state (or state-sponsored) interference with an Indigenous sacred site. Moreover, the approval of commercial or industrial development on an Indigenous sacred site without consent and compensation will generally be unjustifiable under section 1 of the Charter. Recognition of these principles would signal respect for the equal religious citizenship of Indigenous Canadians.
A Review of Research of Strenght Development Using Complex Training // Pregled istraživanja razvoja snage kompleksnim treningom
Authors: Milić Zoran , Andrašić Slobodan , Vujkov Sandra , Halasi Szabolcs , Ujsasi Darijan 
Published: January 2018

Using complex training for developing strength is a method which is becoming more frequently used with athletes and one which is simply defined as a combination of heavier and lighter (pliometric) load within one series. The scientific study is is based upon the assumption that complex training has given positive results in the development of explosive strength of professional athletes. The methodical procedure included an overview of research on the affects of complex training done in the last twenty years and up to now, using Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. The results of the reviewed studies mostly show that complex training has given positive effects with professional athletes, which were physically prepared.
Disease prevalence in infectious Care Center of Users of Psychosocial Caxias-MA / Prevalência de doenças infecciosas em usuários de Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de Caxias-MA
Authors: Santos da Silva Aglaupy Sabrina , Santos Costa Francisca Jessica Lima , Câmara Joseneide Teixeira , Das Neves Fabrício Máximo , De Assis Jefferson Teodoro 
Published: January 2018

Objetivo:. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a prevalência de HIV, síflis, hepatite B e hepatite C, em usuários de CAPS III de Caxias-MA. Métodos:. Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo realizado no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial da cidade de Caxias- Ma. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um roteiro para análise de prontuário para dados sociodemograficos e sobre as sorologias de HIV, sífilis, hepatites B e C em 300 prontuários. Resultados:. Os resultados demonstraram que 50% dos pesquisados residiam na cidade de Caxias, 30 e 39 anos (26,3%), ensino fundamental incompleto (37,7%), a maioria tinham diagnóstico psiquiátrico de esquizofrenia (22%). As prevalências gerais foram 4,5% para sífilis, 13,4% para hepatite B e não foram encontradas prevalências para HIV e hepatite C. Conclusão:. Mecanismos para estimular estes serviços a implementarem programas de educação em saúde sexual voltados para a prevenção e cuidado dessas doenças, bem como mecanismos de prevenção.
The Impacts of Bias in Cloud‐Radiation‐Dynamics Interactions on Central Pacific Seasonal and El Niño Simulations in Contemporary GCMs
Authors: Li J.‐L. F. , Suhas E. , Richardson Mark , Lee Wei‐Liang , Wang Yi‐Hui , Yu Jia‐Yuh , Lee Tong , Fetzer Eric , Stephens Graeme , Shen Min‐Hua 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMost of the global climate models (GCMs) in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, phase 5 do not include precipitating ice (aka falling snow) in their radiation calculations. We examine the importance of the radiative effects of precipitating ice on simulated surface wind stress and sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in terms of seasonal variation and in the evolution of central Pacific El Niño (CP‐El Niño) events. Using controlled simulations with the CESM1 model, we show that the exclusion of precipitating ice radiative effects generates a persistent excessive upper‐level radiative cooling and an increasingly unstable atmosphere over convective regions such as the western Pacific and tropical convergence zones. The invigorated convection leads to persistent anomalous low‐level outflows which weaken the easterly trade winds, reducing upper‐ocean mixing and leading to a positive SST bias in the model mean state. In CP‐El Niño events, this means that outflow from the modeled convection in the central Pacific reduces winds to the east, allowing unrealistic eastward propagation of warm SST anomalies following the peak in CP‐El Niño activity. Including the radiative effects of precipitating ice reduces these model biases and improves the simulated life cycle of the CP‐El Niño. Improved simulations of present‐day tropical seasonal variations and CP‐El Niño events would increase the confidence in simulating their future behavior.
A Sporadic Topside Layer in the Ionosphere of Mars From Analysis of MGS Radio Occultation Data
Authors: Mayyasi Majd , Withers Paul , Fallows Kathryn 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe topside ionosphere of Mars is subject to dynamic interactions between the planet and the surrounding space environment. Significant variations in its structure have been observed that have not been consistently investigated or explained. All 5,600 ionospheric profiles obtained by the Mars Global Surveyor Radio Science experiment are analyzed here to systematically characterize a topside ionospheric layer that is visible in ~50% of the observations. For simplicity, we refer to this layer of plasma as the M3 layer and find that it is located, on average, ~ 40 km above the main ionospheric peak and reaches average maximum concentrations of ~ 9 × 103 cm−3. The properties of this topside feature, derived from the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) radio occultation data set, are compared with existing findings of topside plasma enhancements at Mars observed in other data sets. Newly found characteristics in the topside layer properties are shown to support that solar radiation is not the main production source of this layer, in contrast to the behavior expected for the lower ionospheric photochemical layers at Mars. The analysis presents a set of trends that must be explained by theory for the formation mechanisms. These trends do not support some popular explanations such as Kelvin‐Helmholtz instabilities and crustal magnetic field localization. Occurrence rates suggest a more constant source, such precipitation from the solar wind, and possible subsequent heating. These findings shed light on the enigmatic behavior of the topside Martian ionosphere and its surrounding dynamics.
Experiments and Simulations of Fully Hydro‐Mechanically Coupled Response of Rough Fractures Exposed to High‐Pressure Fluid Injection
Authors: Vogler D. , Settgast R. R. , Annavarapu C. , Madonna C. , Bayer P. , Amann F. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this work, we present the application of a fully coupled hydro‐mechanical method to investigate the effect of fracture heterogeneity on fluid flow through fractures at the laboratory scale. Experimental and numerical studies of fracture closure behavior in the presence of heterogeneous mechanical and hydraulic properties are presented. We compare the results of two sets of laboratory experiments on granodiorite specimens against numerical simulations in order to investigate the mechanical fracture closure and the hydro‐mechanical effects, respectively. The model captures fracture closure behavior and predicts a nonlinear increase in fluid injection pressure with loading. Results from this study indicate that the heterogeneous aperture distributions measured for experiment specimens can be used as model input for a local cubic law model in a heterogeneous fracture to capture fracture closure behavior and corresponding fluid pressure response.
Method for automatic detection of defective ultrasound linear array transducers based on uniformity assessment of clinical images — A case study
Authors: Lorentsson Robert , Hosseini Nasser , Johansson Jan‐Olof , Rosenberg Wiebke , Stenborg Benny , Månsson Lars Gunnar , Båth Magnus 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to test an idea of and describe a concept of a novel method of detecting defects related to horizontal nonuniformities in ultrasound equipment. The method is based on the analysis of ultrasound images collected directly from the clinical workflow. In total over 31000 images from three ultrasound scanners from two vendors were collected retrospectively from a database. An algorithm was developed and applied to the images, 150 at a time, for detection of systematic dark regions in the superficial part of the images. The result was compared with electrical measurements (FirstCall) of the transducers, performed at times when the transducers were known to be defective. The algorithm made similar detection of horizontal nonuniformities for images acquired at different time points over long periods of time. The results showed good subjective visual agreement with the available electrical measurements of the defective transducers, indicating a potential use of clinical images for early and automatic detection of defective transducers, as a complement to quality control.
Enhancing Molecular n‐Type Doping of Donor–Acceptor Copolymers by Tailoring Side Chains
Authors: Liu Jian , Qiu Li , Alessandri Riccardo , Qiu Xinkai , Portale Giuseppe , Dong JingJin , Talsma Wytse , Ye Gang , Sengrian Aprizal Akbar , Souza Paulo C. T. , Loi Maria Antonietta , Chiechi Ryan C. , Marrink Siewert J. , Hummelen Jan C. , Koster L. Jan Anton 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this contribution, for the first time, the molecular n‐doping of a donor–acceptor (D–A) copolymer achieving 200‐fold enhancement of electrical conductivity by rationally tailoring the side chains without changing its D–A backbone is successfully improved. Instead of the traditional alkyl side chains for poly{[N,N′‐bis(2‐octyldodecyl)‐naphthalene‐1,4,5,8‐bis(dicarboximide)‐2,6‐diyl](NDI)‐alt‐5,5′‐(2,2′‐bithiophene)} (N2200), polar triethylene glycol type side chains is utilized and a high electrical conductivity of 0.17 S cm−1 after doping with (4‐(1,3‐dimethyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐benzoimidazol‐2‐yl)phenyl)dimethylamine is achieved, which is the highest reported value for n‐type D–A copolymers. Coarse‐grained molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the polar side chains can significantly reduce the clustering of dopant molecules and favor the dispersion of the dopant in the host matrix as compared to the traditional alkyl side chains. Accordingly, intimate contact between the host and dopant molecules in the NDI‐based copolymer with polar side chains facilitates molecular doping with increased doping efficiency and electrical conductivity. For the first time, a heterogeneous thermoelectric transport model for such a material is proposed, that is the percolation of charge carriers from conducting ordered regions through poorly conductive disordered regions, which provides pointers for further increase in the themoelectric properties of n‐type D–A copolymers.
Facile Synthesis of Crumpled Nitrogen‐Doped MXene Nanosheets as a New Sulfur Host for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Bao Weizhai , Liu Lin , Wang Chengyin , Choi Sinho , Wang Dan , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCrumpled nitrogen‐doped MXene nanosheets with strong physical and chemical coadsorption of polysulfides are synthesized by a novel one‐step approach and then utilized as a new sulfur host for lithium–sulfur batteries. The nitrogen‐doping strategy enables introduction of heteroatoms into MXene nanosheets and simultaneously induces a well‐defined porous structure, high surface area, and large pore volume. The as‐prepared nitrogen‐doped MXene nanosheets have a strong capability of physical and chemical dual‐adsorption for polysulfides and achieve a high areal sulfur loading of 5.1 mg cm–2. Lithium–sulfur batteries, based on crumpled nitrogen‐doped MXene nanosheets/sulfur composites, demonstrate outstanding electrochemical performances, including a high reversible capacity (1144 mA h g–1 at 0.2C rate) and an extended cycling stability (610 mA h g–1 at 2C after 1000 cycles).
A Chemical Approach to Raise Cell Voltage and Suppress Phase Transition in O3 Sodium Layered Oxide Electrodes
Authors: Sathiya Mariyappan , Jacquet Quentin , Doublet Marie‐Liesse , Karakulina Olesia M. , Hadermann Joke , Tarascon Jean‐Marie 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSodium ion batteries (NIBs) are one of the versatile technologies for low‐cost rechargeable batteries. O3‐type layered sodium transition metal oxides (NaMO2, M = transition metal ions) are one of the most promising positive electrode materials considering their capacity. However, the use of O3 phases is limited due to their low redox voltage and associated multiple phase transitions which are detrimental for long cycling. Herein, a simple strategy is proposed to successfully combat these issues. It consists of the introduction of a larger, nontransition metal ion Sn4+ in NaMO2 to prepare a series of NaNi0.5Mn0.5−

y
Sn
y
O2 (y = 0–0.5) compositions with attractive electrochemical performances, namely for y = 0.5, which shows a single‐phase transition from O3 ⇔ P3 at the very end of the oxidation process. Na‐ion NaNi0.5Sn0.5O2/C coin cells are shown to deliver an average cell voltage of 3.1 V with an excellent capacity retention as compared to an average stepwise voltage of ≈2.8 V and limited capacity retention for the pure NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2 phase. This study potentially shows the way to manipulate the O3 NaMO2 for facilitating their practical use in NIBs.
Tailored Electron Transfer Pathways in Aucore/Ptshell–Graphene Nanocatalysts for Fuel Cells
Authors: Seselj Nedjeljko , Engelbrekt Christian , Ding Yi , Hjuler Hans Aage , Ulstrup Jens , Zhang Jingdong 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAucore/Ptshell–graphene catalysts (G‐Cys‐Au@Pt) are prepared through chemical and surface chemical reactions. Au–Pt core–shell nanoparticles (Au@Pt NPs) covalently immobilized on graphene (G) are efficient electrocatalysts in low‐temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. The 9.5 ± 2 nm Au@Pt NPs with atomically thin Pt shells are attached on graphene via l‐cysteine (Cys), which serves as linkers controlling NP loading and dispersion, enhancing the Au@Pt NP stability, and facilitating interfacial electron transfer. The increased activity of G‐Cys‐Au@Pt, compared to non‐chemically immobilized G‐Au@Pt and commercial platinum NPs catalyst (C‐Pt), is a result of (1) the tailored electron transfer pathways of covalent bonds integrating Au@Pt NPs into the graphene framework, and (2) synergetic electronic effects of atomically thin Pt shells on Au cores. Enhanced electrocatalytic oxidation of formic acid, methanol, and ethanol is observed as higher specific currents and increased stability of G‐Cys‐Au@Pt compared to G‐Au@Pt and C–Pt. Oxygen reduction on G‐Cys‐Au@Pt occurs at 25 mV lower potential and 43 A gPt−1 higher current (at 0.9 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode) than for C–Pt. Functional tests in direct fomic acid, methanol and ethanol fuel cells exhibit 95%, 53%, and 107% increased power densities for G‐Cys‐Au@Pt over C–Pt, respectively.
Treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with dornase alfa in patients with cystic fibrosis: a systematic review
Authors: Shah Gopi B. , De Keyzer Linde , Russell Joy A. , Halderman Ashleigh 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundA major component of sputum in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is polymerized DNA, a byproduct of degraded neutrophils. Dornase alfa (dornase) selectively cleaves extracellular DNA and reduces the viscosity of sputum. It improves mucociliary clearance and pulmonary function. The benefit of dornase on CF‐associated sinusitis is less clear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to systematically review the use of dornase on chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in CF patients.MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses statement was followed for this systematic review. Ovid Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library were searched. The search terms “dornase alfa,” “deoxyribonucleases,” “rhinosinusitis,” and “cystic fibrosis” were used to find articles published between 1990 and 2016. The articles were reviewed for study design, level of evidence, and clinical outcomes.ResultsSixty‐two articles were identified; 6 met the inclusion criteria (104 patients). Improvement measured by sinonasal symptoms, endoscopic and radiographic findings, and pulmonary function was variably reported between the studies. Sinonasal symptoms were shown to improve in all studies with use of intranasal topical dornase. Three placebo‐controlled studies showed that topical dornase significantly improved sinonasal symptoms more than saline alone. The impact on pulmonary function and radiographic and endoscopy findings was variable.ConclusionTopical intranasal dornase appears to improve sinonasal symptoms in CF patients to a greater degree than saline alone. The impact on other outcomes is less clear. Larger studies are needed to fully elucidate the true efficacy of dornase alfa in the treatment of CRS in CF patients.
Alternative diagnostic criteria for idiopathic hypersomnia: A 32‐hour protocol
Authors: Evangelista Elisa , Lopez Régis , Barateau Lucie , Chenini Sofiene , Bosco Adriana , Jaussent Isabelle , Dauvilliers Yves 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTo assess the diagnostic value of extended sleep duration on a controlled 32‐hour bed rest protocol in idiopathic hypersomnia (IH).MethodsOne hundred sixteen patients with high suspicion of IH (37 clear‐cut IH according to multiple sleep latency test criteria and 79 probable IH), 32 with hypersomnolence associated with a comorbid disorder (non‐IH), and 21 controls underwent polysomnography, modified sleep latency tests, and a 32‐hour bed rest protocol. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to find optimal total sleep time (TST) cutoff values on various periods that discriminate patients from controls.ResultsTST was longer in patients with clear‐cut IH than other groups (probable IH, non‐IH, and controls) and in patients with probable IH than non‐IH and controls. The TST cutoff best discriminating clear‐cut IH and controls was 19 hours for the 32‐hour recording (sensitivity = 91.9%, specificity = 85.7%) and 12 hours (100%, 85.7%) for the first 24 hours. The 19‐hour cutoff displayed a specificity and sensitivity of 91.9% and 81.2% between IH and non‐IH patients. Patients with IH above the 19‐hour cutoff were overweight, had more sleep inertia, and had higher TST on all periods compared to patients below 19 hours, whereas no differences were found for the 12‐hour cutoff. An inverse correlation was found between the mean sleep latency and TST during 32‐hour recording in IH patients.InterpretationIn standardized and controlled stringent conditions, the optimal cutoff best discriminating patients from controls was 19 hours over 32 hours, allowing a clear‐cut phenotypical characterization of major interest for research purposes. Sleepier patients on the multiple sleep latency test were also the more severe in terms of extended sleep. Ann Neurol 2018;83:235–247
Design, synthesis, and molecular docking of novel indole scaffold‐based VEGFR‐2 inhibitors as targeted anticancer agents
Authors: Roaiah Hanaa M. , Ghannam Iman A. Y. , Ali Islam H. , El Kerdawy Ahmed M. , Ali Mamdouh M. , Abbas Safinaz E‐S. , El‐Nakkady Sally S. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA series of new indole derivatives 1–18 was synthesized and tested for their cytotoxic activity on a panel of 60 tumor cell lines. Additionally, molecular docking was carried out to study their binding pattern and binding affinity in the VEGFR‐2 active site using sorafenib as a reference VEGFR‐2 inhibitor. Based on the molecular docking results, compounds 5a, 5b, 6, 7, 14b, 18b, and 18c were selected to be evaluated for their VEGFR‐2 inhibitory activity. Compound 18b exhibited a broad‐spectrum antiproliferative activity on 47 cell lines, with GI % ranging from 31 to 82.5%. Moreover, compound 18b was the most potent VEGFR‐2 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.07 μM, which is more potent than that of sorafenib (0.09 μM). A molecular docking study attributed the promising activity of this series to their hydrophobic interaction with the VEGFR‐2 binding site hydrophobic side chains and their hydrogen bonding interaction with the key amino acids Glu885 and/or Asp1046.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of phloroglucinol derivatives possessing α‐glycosidase, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity
Authors: Burmaoglu Serdar , Yilmaz Ali O. , Taslimi Parham , Algul Oztekin , Kilic Deryanur , Gulcin Ilhami 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA series of novel phloroglucinol derivatives were designed, synthesized, characterized spectroscopically and tested for their inhibitory activity against selected metabolic enzymes, including α‐glycosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and human carbonic anhydrase I and II (hCA I and II). These compounds displayed nanomolar inhibition levels and showed Ki values of 1.14–3.92 nM against AChE, 0.24–1.64 nM against BChE, 6.73–51.10 nM against α‐glycosidase, 1.80–5.10 nM against hCA I, and 1.14–5.45 nM against hCA II.