bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-Thermal Plasma Aided Soil Decontamination
Authors: Stryczewska Henryka D. , Pawłat Joanna , Ebihara Kenji 
Published: November 2016

AbstractLow temperature atmospheric pressure plasmas (LTPs) together with advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are alternative to conventional chemical methods of soil decontamination. The processing of soil itself depends on several factors, like type of soil and pollutants, treatment technique, geological and atmospheric circumstances. In the paper problems of soil, water, buildings, farms, land, and housing contaminations after floods and ecological disasters have been introduced. Plasma aided techniques together with AOPs have been presented from the point of view of decontamination potential as well as their impact on soil properties and fertility. Additionally, nanosize biological phenomena occurring in DNA strands during ozonation were visualized. The reaction of ozone with DNA is essential to understand the sterilization in agricultural soil. The structural images of the DNA samples were taken with the atomic force microscopy (AFM). It was shown that highly concentrated ozone broke hydrogen bonding of nuclei bases of DNA in relatively short time.
Power Systems of Plasma Reactors for Non-Thermal Plasma Generation
Authors: Stryczewska Henryka Danuta , Jakubowski Tomasz , Kalisiak Stanisław , Giżewski Tomasz , Pawłat Joanna 
Published: November 2016

AbstractRecently, many different plasma sources are being investigated for exhaust gases treatment, odor abatement, VOC removal, soil conditioning, surface decontamination or tissue disinfection and sterilization. Among many different plasma reactors investigated in laboratories, gliding arc discharges (GAD), dielectric barrier discharges (DBD), pulsed discharges (PD), atmospheric pressure glow discharges (APGD) and atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJ) seem to be the most promising for high pressure low temperature applications. They can be designed as multi-electrodes’ high power system that can be used in environment protection processes, like decontamination of large surfaces and treatment of large volume of polluted gases, as well as small size and low power devices for biomedical applications, like plasma healing, disinfection and sterilization. Paper presents review of power supply systems for cold plasma reactors. Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD), Gliding Arc Discharge (GAD) and atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) reactors with their supply systems have been discussed from the point view of their characteristics, possibility to control power to the discharge and efficiency. Taking into account the plasma reactor characteristics and nature (nonlinear resistive and/or capacitive) different solutions of power suppliers have been presented: transformer type, AC/DC/AC inverter, RF-frequency system and frequency resonant inverter.
Reuse of Homogeneous Fenton’s Sludge from Detergent Industry as Fenton’s Catalyst
Authors: Rossi André F. , Martins Rui C. , Quinta-Ferreira Rosa M. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractFenton’s reaction is an advanced oxidation process where, classically, hydrogen peroxide is the oxidizing agent and an iron catalyst promotes the formation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH). Among the studies that evaluated different metals as Fenton-like catalysts, our group of investigation has recently used cerium-based solids as heterogeneous catalysts in slurry reaction and, in this work, iron sludge coming from an industrial Fenton’s reactor used for the wastewater depuration of a detergent production factory is being appraised while treating a synthetic effluent containing 0.1 g.L
Preparation of CIGS Thin Films by HiPIMS or DC Sputtering and Various Selenization Processes
Authors: Olejníček Jiří , Hubička Zdeněk , Kšírová Petra , Kment Štěpán , Brunclíková Michaela , Kohout Michal , Čada Martin , Darveau Scott A. , Exstrom Christopher L. 
Published: November 2016

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Fragile Trust: Muslim Communities in Canada and the R v. NS Decision
Authors: Lenard Patti Tamara 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In December 2012, the Canadian Supreme Court issued a ruling in R v. NS, in which a Muslim woman had demanded – citing her right to freedom of religion, as protected in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms – the right to cover her face, while giving testimony in a court of law. The defendants, also Muslim, demanded the right to see her face, in particular during cross-examination, as part of their right to the demeanor evidence that is necessary to provide “full answer and defense” and more generally as part of their right to a fair trial. The Supreme Court’s ruling stated that trial judges are entitled to make determinations about whether facial coverings must be removed, by weighing the rights of the accused to a fair trial against the rights of the accuser to freedom of religious practice, via what the court termed a “sincerity test.” This article considers the impact of the ruling and ultimately suggests that the decision will harm trust relations in Canada. In particular, the justifications offered in the judgment fail to respect the central objective of Canadian multiculturalism, i. e., to build trust among citizens of diverse backgrounds as a foundation for integrating minority communities into the public sphere on fair terms.
Niedertiefenbach. Ein Galeriegrab der spätneolithischen Wartberggruppe südwestlich von Niedertiefenbach (Landkreis Limburg-Weilburg, Hessen)
Authors: Rinne Christoph , Fuchs Katharina , Muhlack Juliane , Dörfer Christof , Mehl Albert , Nutsua Marcel , Krause-Kyora Ben 
Published: November 2016

ZusammenfassungDas Galeriegrab von Niedertiefenbach stellt einen besonderen Befund der späten Wartberggruppe im Neolithikum der Deutschen Mittelgebirgsschwelle dar; nur hier findet sich ein in zehn Straten geborgenes Bestattungskollektiv von mindestens 177 Individuen. Eine umfangreiche Serie von Radiokarbondatierungen belegt ein wesentlich höheres Alter des Grabes als bisher publiziert und erlaubt die Modellierung einer Bestattungssequenz zwischen 3.350 und 2.900 cal BC. Eine neue paläopathologische Untersuchung, vorerst nur an den Schädeln vorgenommen, zeigt einen hohen Krankenstand mit zahlreichen entzündlichen Prozessen. Mit einer verheilten Trepanation bei einem Kind wird aber zugleich auch ein besonderes Wissen im Bereich der medizinischen Versorgung deutlich. Erste Analysen zur aDNA mittels Hochfrequenzsequenzierung (HTS) belegen die Anwesenheit mitochondrialer DNA mit den Haplogruppen U5 und X2. Der erstmalige Einsatz eines CAD/CAM-Computersystems (CEREC) bietet eine detaillierte Erfassung morphologischer und pathologischer Merkmale an den Zähnen und Kiefern mit noch folgender metrisch-statistischer Analyse.
Die Zeit der großen Gräben: Modelle zur Chronologie des Michelsberger Fundplatzes von Heilbronn-Klingenberg „Schlossberg“, Stadtkreis Heilbronn, Baden-Württemberg
Authors: Seidel Ute , Stephan Elisabeth , Stika Hans-Peter , Dunbar Elaine , Kromer Bernd , Bayliss Alex , Beavan Nancy , Healy Frances , Whittle Alasdair 
Published: November 2016

ZusammenfassungVorgestellt wird der Versuch einer präziseren Datierung des Erdwerks von Heilbronn-Klingenberg “Schlossberg” am mittleren Neckar. Die angewendete Methode empfiehlt sich als Ausgangspunkt für weitere Untersuchungen zur Datierung und Belegungsdauer anderer Michelsberger Erdwerke des späten 5. bis frühen 4. Jahrtausends calBC. Vom Erdwerk von Klingenberg wurden in den Jahren 1986–1987 zwei Abschnittsgräben ausgegraben, die einen Lößsporn abriegeln, Spuren einer Palisade innerhalb des inneren Grabens, in beiden Gräben Reste einer verbrannten Holzkonstruktion, zahlreiche Gruben innerhalb wie auch außerhalb der Gräben, und in diesen Befunden zahlreiche Deponierungen von Hunden. Wenige Spuren einer vor-grabenzeitlichen Belegung datieren nach MK II und MK III/IV, doch fanden die Aktivitäten am Platz hauptsächlich während MK V/Munzingen statt. Der chronologische Ansatz kombiniert die detaillierte archäologische Befundinformation mit 14C-Datierungen aus sorgfältig ausgewählten Proben – verwendet wurden ganz überwiegend verkohltes Getreide, und Tierknochen, die anpassend oder einem Teilskelett zuweisbar sind – mit dem statistischen Filter nach dem Satz von Th. Bayes.Für eine absolute Datierung der MK II Aktivitäten standen keine Proben zur Verfügung. Die Beprobung zweier MK III/IV Gruben legt deren Datierung in das 40.–39. Jh. cal BC nahe. Die Aktivitäten während MK V/Mz setzen dann ganz am Ende des 39. bzw. zu Beginn des 38. Jhs. cal BC ein. Entgegen der zuvor veröffentlichten Interpretation der Belegung des Platzes, ist anzunehmen, dass die Hauptaktivitäten erst mit der Anlage des Erdwerks begannen, beide Gräben dürften in zeitlich dichter Folge oder zeitgleich angelegt worden sein. Darauf folgte die Anlage von Gruben im Innenraum des Erdwerks, ab dem frühen 38. Jh. cal BC. Wohl nach wenigen Jahrzehnten wurden dann auch Gruben außerhalb des Grabensystems angelegt, in der Mitte des 38. Jhs. cal BC. Das Ende der Nutzung beider Gräben dürfte in die Mitte des 37. Jhs. cal BC fallen, sie wurden wohl zeitgleich aufgegeben, nach dem Brandereignis, das die sie begleitenden Konstruktionen zerstörte. Die Anlage von Gruben außerhalb der Gräben dürfte ab diesem Zeitpunkt geendet haben; im Innenraum könnten nach diesem Ereignis noch einige Gruben angelegt worden sein. Insgesamt ist mit MK V/Munzingen Aktivitäten über 120–150 Jahre zu rechnen. Alternative Modelle hierzu werden diskutiert.Erörtert werden lokale und überregionale Auswirkungen dieser Datierungsansätze, sowie Umstände, unter denen das Erdwerk wohl erbaut und dann wieder zerstört wurde, die Bedeutung für die Keramikchronologie der MK, und die allgemeine Entwicklung der Erdwerke der MK und anderer Regionen.
A few considerations regarding the chronology of the Poieneşti-Lucaşeuca culture
Authors: Iarmulschi Vasile 
Published: November 2016

ZusammenfassungIm Mittelpunkt dieses Beitrages steht eine Analyse zur Chronologie und Periodisierung der Poieneşti-Lucaşeuca-Kultur. Für die Bestattungen dieser Kultur lassen sich vier Entwicklungsphasen mittels Artefaktvergesellschaftung in den Grabinventaren isolierter Gräberfelder erkennen. Obwohl sich chronologisch relevantes Material leider nur selten in den Siedlungen des Poieneşti-Lucaşeuca-Typs nachweisen lässt, erarbeitete Verfasser eine Chronologie für unterschiedliche Lebensräume. Vier Phasen konnten durch die Verknüpfungen von Bestattungs- und Siedlungsfunden des Poieneşti-Lucaşeuca-Typs erkannt werden. Eine Synchronisierung dieser Phasen mit den mitteleuropäischen Stufen LT C1b, LT C2, LT D1 und LT D2 sowie mit den Stufen a–d der jüngeren vorrömischen Eisenzeit nach R. Hachmann ist möglich, absolutchronologisch umfasst dies einen Zeitraum vom Ende des 3. Jahrhunderts bis zum letzten Viertel des 1. vorchristlichen Jahrhunderts.
High ambient noise levels in Vadodara City, India, affected by urbanization
Authors: Singh Neha , Dhiman Hitesh , Shaikh Sadaf , Shah Purvish , Sarkar Roma , Patel Shashin 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The present research was conducted to study the urbanization of Vadodara city and to monitor the ambient noise level in the industrial, commercial, residential and silence zones of the city. A settlement map created by unsupervised classification for the land use and land cover study of Vadodara city clearly shows the increasing pattern of urbanization in its central part, which may be the result of urban sprawl due to migration of people from the rural to the urban areas. The fluctuation in ambient noise level was recorded using an A-weighted sound level meter in all the four zones of Vadodara city for 3 h at regular intervals of 15 min on 3 consecutive days at the same time. The results showed the highest equivalent noise level of 93.7 dBA in the commercial zone followed by 85.5 dBA in the industrial zone, 73.2 dBA in silence zone, and 70.2 dBA in the residential zone. The values of noise level were high in all the zones of the city increasing remarkably over the prescribed limit given in the Noise Pollution (Control and Regulation) Rules, 2000. Continuous exposure to such high level of noise may lead to detrimental effect on people.
Inaccurate official assessment of radiofrequency safety by the Advisory Group on Non-ionising Radiation
Authors: Starkey Sarah J. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The Advisory Group on Non-ionising Radiation (AGNIR) 2012 report forms the basis of official advice on the safety of radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields in the United Kingdom and has been relied upon by health protection agencies around the world. This review describes incorrect and misleading statements from within the report, omissions and conflict of interest, which make it unsuitable for health risk assessment. The executive summary and overall conclusions did not accurately reflect the scientific evidence available. Independence is needed from the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), the group that set the exposure guidelines being assessed. This conflict of interest critically needs to be addressed for the forthcoming World Health Organisation (WHO) Environmental Health Criteria Monograph on Radiofrequency Fields. Decision makers, organisations and individuals require accurate information about the safety of RF electromagnetic signals if they are to be able to fulfil their safeguarding responsibilities and protect those for whom they have legal responsibility.
Validation of a Parent-Reported Experience Measure of Integrated Care
Authors: Ziniel Sonja I. , Rosenberg Hannah N. , Bach Ashley M. , Singer Sara J. , Antonelli Richard C. 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVES:
The objectives of this study were to design and validate a survey measuring the parents’ and caregivers’ experiences of integration of their child’s care across providers.

METHODS:
After review of the literature on care coordination and integration, we solicited input regarding care experiences from focus groups of families with children with chronic conditions. These data informed a 95-item pilot survey that included elements from a care integration measure designed for adult care experiences. The survey was then administered to parents of children who had had at least 1 primary care appointment and 2 specialty care appointments in the previous 12 months. Psychometric analyses were used to establish scales through exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency using Cronbach’s α, test–retest reliability using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, and known-group validity according to χ2 tests. All research activities were institutional review board approved.

RESULTS:
The pilot survey was completed as either a Web or mail survey by 255 participants. After excluding nonrating or screening questions and items not applicable to a large percentage of participants, 26 experience items were included in the exploratory factor analysis. The final survey contained 19 experience items in 5 scales: access, communication, family impact, care goal creation, and team functioning. Psychometric analyses supported these 5 scales.

CONCLUSIONS:
This project developed and validated a survey with 19 experience items, plus additional demographic and health needs and usage items. The Pediatric Integrated Care Survey can be used in quality improvement efforts to measure family-reported experience of pediatric care integration.
Use of Food Allergy Panels by Pediatric Care Providers Compared With Allergists
Authors: Stukus David R. , Kempe Erin , Leber Amy , Thornton David , Scherzer Rebecca 
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Immunoglobullin E (IgE)-mediated food allergies affect 5% to 8% of children. Serum IgE levels assist in diagnosing food allergies but have low positive predictive value. This can lead to misinterpretation, overdiagnosis, and unnecessary dietary elimination. Use of IgE food allergen panels has been associated with increased cost and burden. The scale of use of these panels has not been reported in the medical literature.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective review of a commercial laboratory database associated with a tertiary care pediatric academic medical center for food IgE tests ordered by all provider types during 2013.

RESULTS:
A total of 10 794 single-food IgE tests and 3065 allergen panels were ordered. Allergists ordered the majority of single-food IgE tests (58.2%) whereas 78.8% of food allergen panels were ordered by primary care providers (PCPs) (P &lt; .001). Of all IgE tests ordered by PCPs, 45.1% were panels compared with 1.2% of orders placed by allergists (P &lt; .001). PCPs in practice for &gt;15 years ordered a higher number of food allergen panels (P &lt; .05) compared with PCPs with less experience. Compared with allergists, PCPs ordered more tests for unlikely causes of food allergies (P &lt; .001). Total cost of IgE testing and cost per patient were higher for PCPs compared with allergists.

CONCLUSIONS:
Review of food allergen IgE testing through a high volume outpatient laboratory revealed PCPs order significantly more food allergen panels, tests for uncommon causes of food allergy, and generate higher cost per patient compared with allergists. These results suggest a need for increased education of PCPs regarding proper use of food IgE tests.
O rádio na ficção latino-americana: imaginários do século XX
Authors: Haussen Dóris 
Published: November 2016

A história da América Latina do século XX remete ao papel do rádio nessas sociedades. Quais imaginários circulavam a respeito do veículo e que foram apreendidos pela ficção? Responder a esta questão é a proposta deste artigo através da análise de quatro romances e um conto latino-americanos, onde é feita uma reflexão sobre o imaginário e, também, sobre o papel do rádio. Conclui-se que o imaginário circulante nos diferentes contextos do período era captado e registrado pelos escritores de ficção que, ao produzirem as suas histórias, traçavam um panorama da realidade dos diferentes países da América Latina. E o rádio, ao difundir as suas mensagens traduzindo realidades locais mostrava que certos imaginários eram recorrentes: os relacionamentos afetivos, a solidão, a atividade profissional no rádio latino-americano e, também, a situação das mulheres nesse mercado de trabalho.
Microhardness characteristics values of root canal dentin after application with different types of EDTA
Authors: Wahyuniwati Wahyuniwati , Nugroho Juni J. , Trilaksana Aries C. , Rovani Christine A. , Natsir Nurhayaty , Mattulada Indrya K. 
Published: November 2016

This study aims to determine the characteristics of the microhardness impairment root canal dentin after application with different types of EDTA. Samples mandibular premolar teeth with one root canal, each divided into 4 groups: EDTA solution, EDTA gel, EDTA cream and negative control; and each group consisted of 6 samples. The teeth were decoronated at cementoenamel junction (CEJ), prepared by the crown down pressureless technique, cut along longitudinal direction, and each sample was attached to selfcured acrylic and then soaked in distilled water. Samples were taken early microhardness measurement by means of Digital Vickers Microhardness Tester. The sample is then applied to the appropriate group of materials EDTA for 5 minutes, except for the negative control group, soaked in saline solution for 5 menit, then performed the final measurement of microhardness of dentin. The results of measurements taken from the average value of measurements made at 3 points, coronal, middle and apical. Data were collected and analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s Post Hoc test.The results showed there are differences in dentin microhardness decrease significantly in all treatment groups compared to the negative control group (p <0.05) with the largest drop in the group EDTA solution, amounting to 13 667 kg / mm2. Nevertheless, based on the results of different statistical test further, discovered the value of p> 0.05 which means there is no difference in microhardness reduction in dentin significantly among the test group.
Fundamentalne zasady inspirujące aktualny Statut Uniwersytetu Papieskiego Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Authors: Dyduch Jan 
Published: November 2016

Rozwój Uniwersytetu Papieskiego Jana Pawła II w Krakowie wymaga zmian w akcie prawnym, który dotyczy tego kościelnego uniwersytetu. Stolica Apostolska zaaprobowała nowy statut tej uczelni w 2015 roku. Nowe prawo oparto na konstytucji apostolskiej Sapientia christiana. Kładzie ono nacisk na kościelny i ewangelizacyjny charakter uczelni. Nowy statut podkreśla także autonomię uniwersytetu względem państwa polskiego, a jednocześnie deklaruje otwartość uczelni na wielowymiarową współpracę z państwem.
Funkcje klauzul generalnych na przykładzie kodeksu prawa kanonicznego z 1983 roku
Authors: Kroczek Piotr 
Published: November 2016

Klauzule generalne są ważną częścią warsztatu prawodawcy. Ich funkcje dają szerokie możliwości. Niestety, istnieje niebezpieczeństwo błędnego użycia klauzul generalnych. Artykuł jest próbą pokazania ich funkcji w normatywnych tekstach na przykładzie kodeksu prawa kanonicznego 1983. Na początku sformułowano definicję klauzul generalnych, a następnie ukazano klauzule w odniesieniu do funkcji znanych z polskiego prawoznawstwa. Artykuł kończą postulaty i wskazówki dla kościelnego prawodawcy.
Upoważnienia habitualne (facultates habituales) – wprowadzenie do problematyki
Authors: Skonieczny Piotr 
Published: November 2016

Artykuł przedstawia problematykę dotyczącą upoważnień habitualnych (facultates habituales). Autor odwołuje się do koncepcji norm kompetencyjnych z teorii prawa. Następnie ukazuje ewolucję upoważnień habitualnych od przywileju (por. kan. 66 kodeksu z 1917 roku) do władzy rządzenia (por. kan. 132 kodeksu z 1983 roku). Według autora termin facultates jest niejednoznaczny. Odróżnia on facultates w sensie ścisłym (tylko te są kompetencyjne i „habitualne” w rozumieniu kan. 132) od facultates w sensie szerokim (np. uprawnienie do słuchania spowiedzi). Są dwa elementy konstrukcyjne upoważnień habitualnych – uprzedni stosunek hierarchiczny między podmiotem wyższym i niższym w strukturze oraz cel, tj. poszerzenie kompetencji podmiotu niższego. Autor komentuje te elementy, a w końcu przedstawia pewne trudności, które domagają się rozwiązania.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CELLULOSE STEARATE ESTER FROM BACTERIAL CELLULOSE AND STEARIC ACID ENZYMATICALLY USING IMMOBILIZED LIPASE
Authors: Amaliyah Suci 
Published: November 2016

The aims of this study were to determine the optimum conditions of enzymatic esterification between stearic acid with bacterial cellulose using immobilized lipase and to characterize the obtained ester. The optimum condition was observed by the effects of time and mass ratio of cellulose: stearic acid towards degree of esterification. The esterification reaction carried out in a heterogeneous system using n-butanol as solvent at 50 °C. The effect of reaction time on esterification degree is done by variating incubation time for 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30 hours. The influence of the mass ratio of cellulose: stearic acid to the esterification degree was carried out by variating 1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 3, 1: 4, 1: 5 and 1: 6. Products characterization consist of functional group analysis by Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), determining degree of substitution (DS) by saponification, swelling index by gravimetric method, and cristallinity by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The results showed that condition of esterification was optimum in 18 hours of reaction with mass ratio 1:5. The success of esterification was confirmed by FTIR spectrum that showed ester carbonyl peak at 1718.46 cm-1 . DS of cellulose stearate ester was 0.35. The swelling and crystallinity index of cellulose stearate was smaller than bacterial cellulose.