bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pantoea peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis: a report of two cases and literature review
Authors: Monk Brian C. , Vijayvargiya Prakhar , Hassanein Mohamed , Knott Zackary A. , Dossabhoy Neville R. , Obi Yoshitsugu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Pantoea spp., a non-encapsulated, non-spore-forming Gram-negative rod bacterium that belongs to the Erwiniaceae family, can be found as a colonizer in humans, plants, and the environment, such as water and soil. Although it has the pathogenic potential to cause disease in humans, patients infected with this pathogen generally experience favorable outcomes. In this article, we present two cases of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis caused by Pantoea spp. along with literature review.

Case presentation
The first case is a 66-year-old male patient with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) on PD, admitted for P. dispersa peritonitis. He presented with abdominal pain and cloudy dialysis effluent, responding well to intraperitoneal vancomycin and cefepime. Antibiotics were deescalated to ceftazidime monotherapy on the basis of antibiotic susceptibility testing. Despite initial recovery with a 3-week course of antibiotics, he developed recurrent peritonitis with P. dispersa, necessitating PD catheter removal and transition to hemodialysis. The second case is a 42-year-old male patient with ESKD on PD who was admitted after 6 days of bloody PD fluid without trauma or associated symptoms. With elevated PD fluid cell counts and positive PD fluid culture showing Streptococcus mitis and P. agglomerans, he was empirically treated for PD-associated peritonitis with intraperitoneal vancomycin and cefepime. Due to a suboptimal response in repeat PD fluid cell counts at day 5, the PD catheter was removed, and he was switched to hemodialysis, followed by a 3-week course of intravenous ceftriaxone.

Conclusions
We described two unique cases of Pantoea peritonitis in PD, recurrent P. dispersa peritonitis and refractory P. agglomerans peritonitis, both of which resulted in PD catheter removal. Our cases indicate the formation of bacterial biofilm as a potential reason for recurrence of infection and underscores the importance of vigilant monitoring and need for PD catheter removal in Pantoea peritonitis.
Do they really boil their drinking water? a descriptive study in a rural district of the Lao people’s democratic republic
Authors: Kawamoto Sae , Nonaka Daisuke , Inthavong Nouhak 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
For safe drinking water, household water treatments (HWT) is important to reduce the risk of diarrhea in low-and-middle countries including Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). However, the measurement of HWT relies chiefly on self-report in most nationwide surveys. Thus, the validity of self-reported measurement is of concern. The objective of this study was to determine the proportion of households with the presence of boiled water among households that report boiling practices in a rural area of the Lao PDR.

Methods
This study was conducted with randomly selected 108 households in the four villages in the catchment area of the two health centers, in Xepon district of the Savannakhet province, between September and October 2023. The inclusion criterion of the households was the households that report boiling as HWT. Surveyors conducted interviews with an adult household member and observations on boiled water through household visits, using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were conducted to summarize the collected information using the frequency with proportion for categorical variables and the median with interquartile range for continuous variables. Bivariate analyses were conducted to assess an association between each of the factors and the presence of boiled water, using Fisher’s exact test.

Results
Among the 108 households that reported boiling practice, 91 households were able to show the surveyor self-reported boiled water. Thus, the proportion of households with the presence of boiled water was 90.1% (95% confidence interval: 82.5–95.1%). Households with a fixed schedule of boiling were significantly more likely to present boiled water, compared to households without (94.5% vs. 50.0%). Not all household members do not necessarily drink boiled water: approximately a quarter (25.7%) of the participants reported that some household members drink unboiled water.

Conclusions
This study showed that among households that reported boiling drinking water, 90.1% were able to present a container with self-reported boiled water. It suggests that the self-reported measure of boiling practices can be valid in the study villages.
The psychometric properties of the Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders (Neuro-QoL) measurement system in neurorehabilitation populations: a systematic review
Authors: Ataman Rebecca , Alhasani Rehab , Auneau-Enjalbert Line , Quigley Adria , Michael Henry Ukachukwu , Ahmed Sara 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objective
To systematically review the literature of existing evidence on the measurement properties of the Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders (Neuro-QoL) measurement system among neurorehabilitation populations.

Data sources
The Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) guided this systematic review in which we searched nine electronic databases and registries, and hand-searched reference lists of included articles.

Study selection
Two independent reviewers screened selected articles and extracted data from 28 included studies.

Data extraction
COSMIN’s approach guided extraction and synthesizing measurement properties evidence (insufficient, sufficient), and the modified GRADE approach guided synthesizing evidence quality (very-low, low, moderate, high) by diagnosis.

Data synthesis
Neuro-QoL has sufficient measurement properties when used by individuals with Huntington’s disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, lupus, cognitive decline, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The strongest evidence is for the first four conditions, where test-retest reliability, construct validity, and responsiveness are nearly always sufficient (GRADE: moderate-high). Structural validity is assessed only in multiple sclerosis and stroke but is often insufficient (GRADE: moderate-high). Criterion validity is sufficient in some stroke and Huntington’s disease domains (GRADE: high). Item response theory analyses were reported for some stroke domains only. There is limited, mixed evidence for responsiveness and measurement error (GRADE: moderate-high), and no cross-cultural validity evidence

Conclusions
Neuro-QoL domains can describe and evaluate patients with Huntington’s disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and stroke, but predictive validity evidence would be beneficial. In the other conditions captured in this review, a limited number of Neuro-QoL domains have evidence for descriptive use only. For these conditions, further evidence of structural validity, measurement error, cross-cultural validity and predictive validity would enhance the use and interpretation of Neuro-QoL.
Low-dose high-resolution chest CT in adults with cystic fibrosis: intraindividual comparison between photon-counting and energy-integrating detector CT
Authors: Frings Marko , Welsner Matthias , Mousa Christin , Zensen Sebastian , Salhöfer Luca , Meetschen Mathias , Beck Nikolas , Bos Denise , Westhölter Dirk , Wienker Johannes , Taube Christian , Umutlu Lale , Schaarschmidt Benedikt M. , Forsting Michael , Haubold Johannes , Sutharsan Sivagurunathan , Opitz Marcel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Regular disease monitoring with low-dose high-resolution (LD-HR) computed tomography (CT) scans is necessary for the clinical management of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). The aim of this study was to compare the image quality and radiation dose of LD-HR protocols between photon-counting CT (PCCT) and energy-integrating detector system CT (EID-CT) in pwCF.

Methods
This retrospective study included 23 pwCF undergoing LD-HR chest CT with PCCT who had previously undergone LD-HR chest CT with EID-CT. An intraindividual comparison of radiation dose and image quality was conducted. The study measured the dose-length product, volumetric CT dose index, effective dose and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Three blinded radiologists assessed the overall image quality, image sharpness, and image noise using a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (deficient) to 5 (very good) for image quality and image sharpness and from 1 (very high) to 5 (very low) for image noise.

Results
PCCT used approximately 42% less radiation dose than EID-CT (median effective dose 0.54 versus 0.93 mSv, p < 0.001). PCCT was consistently rated higher than EID-CT for overall image quality and image sharpness. Additionally, image noise was lower with PCCT compared to EID-CT. The average SNR of the lung parenchyma was lower with PCCT compared to EID-CT (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
In pwCF, LD-HR chest CT protocols using PCCT scans provided significantly better image quality and reduced radiation exposure compared to EID-CT.

Relevance statement
In pwCF, regular follow-up could be performed through photon-counting CT instead of EID-CT, with substantial advantages in terms of both lower radiation exposure and increased image quality.

Key Points

Photon-counting CT (PCCT) and energy-integrating detector system CT (EID-CT) were compared in 23 people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF).

Image quality was rated higher for PCCT than for EID-CT.

PCCT used approximately 42% less radiation dose and offered superior image quality than EID-CT.

Graphical Abstract
Fetal hemochromatosis: rare case of hepatic and extrahepatic siderosis involving thyroid on fetal MRI
Authors: Natarajan Sumathi , Kashyap Ravindar , Rajan Saira , Muthusamy Dhivakar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Neonatal hemochromatosis (NH) is a rare condition that is characterized by severe neonatal liver disease in association with hepatic and extrahepatic excess iron deposition (siderosis), while sparing the reticuloendothelial system. The most common cause of fetal liver injury leading to the NH phenotype (accounting for over 95% of cases) is gestational alloimmune liver disease. This condition is caused by the transfer of maternal IgG antibodies through the placenta, targeting a fetal hepatocyte antigen. Prenatal diagnosis, particularly the identification of iron overload involving both liver and thyroid, is of significant importance and can have a profound impact on patient care. To our knowledge, no case has been reported on prenatal diagnosis of iron overload involving both liver and thyroid.

Case presentation
We present an exceptionally rare case of fetal hemochromatosis in a primigravida, a case that significantly contributes to our understanding of this condition. The diagnosis was made with the presence of hepatic and extrahepatic siderosis involving the thyroid using Ultrasonography (USG) and fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings. A 23-year-old primigravida was referred to our center in view of oligohydramnios, Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) and echogenic bowel at 29 weeks of gestation. USG and fetal MRI showed features of coarse liver echotexture and iron overload involving the liver and thyroid; this is the first case describing iron accumulation in the fetal thyroid gland diagnosed in utero.

Conclusion
This case underscores the critical importance of performing MRI in suspected cases of fetal hemochromatosis for early diagnosis and intervention, emphasizing the potential to significantly improve patient outcomes.
Computer-aided diagnosis of breast cancer from mammogram images using deep learning algorithms
Authors: Dada Emmanuel Gbenga , Oyewola David Opeoluwa , Misra Sanjay 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEven though accurate detection of dangerous malignancies from mammogram images is mostly dependent on radiologists' experience, specialists occasionally differ in their assessments. Computer-aided diagnosis provides a better solution for image diagnosis that can help experts make more reliable decisions. In medical applications for diagnosing cancerous growths from mammogram images, computerized and accurate classification of breast cancer mammogram images is critical. The deep learning approach has been widely applied in medical image processing and has had considerable success in biological image classification. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Inception, and EfficientNet are proposed in this paper. The proposed models attain better performance compared to the conventional CNN. The models are used to automatically classify breast cancer mammogram images from Kaggle into benign and malignant. Simulation results demonstrated that EfficientNet, with an accuracy between 97.13 and 99.27%, and overall accuracy of 98.29%, perform better than the other models in this paper.
Liposome drug delivery in combating the widespread topical antibiotic resistance: a narrative review
Authors: Rizkita Leonny Dwi , Putri Rachma Greta Perdana , Farid Muhammad , Rizkawati Muflihah , Wikaningtyas Pratiwi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The increasing trend of antibiotic resistance has posed challenges for scientists, especially in developing better drug formulations. The discovery of new antibiotics could take years. Therefore, the management of an ideal drug delivery system has become a primary focus nowadays.

Main body of abstract
Almost all skin diseases could be treated with the administration of topical drugs, especially infectious skin diseases. The increasing cases of antimicrobial resistance require innovative strategies and actions. In dermatokinetics, achieving optimal drug concentrations in the deepest layers of skin tissue is a significant challenge. Human skin has remarkably complex characteristics, presenting a major obstacle in efficiently maintaining drug efficacy. Nanocarriers are an important part of nanomedicine which provide excellent drug penetration through various drug delivery systems. Lipid-based nanovesicles, such as liposome, are the oldest and most potential nanovesicles for such a purpose. Several studies have shown the efficacy of liposome-contained antibiotics and offered the lowest microbial inhibition concentration (MIC). It is suggested that liposome also delivers greater drug accumulation compared to blank drugs.

Short conclusion
Liposome is a flexible lipid-based drug delivery that enhances drug permeation through skin tissue by mimicking the lipid bilayer system of the organ. It is non-toxic, less immunogenic, and easily degraded by enzyme. The incorporation of liposome into antibiotics may reduce the inefficient drug dosage since the encapsulation will protect the active compounds prior to being released from the vehicle. Thus, the lowest MIC and less clinical side effects will be obtained.

Graphical abstract
Analytical estimate of effective charge and ground-state energies of two to five electron sequences up to atomic number 20 utilizing the variational method
Authors: Shaheen Kousar , Zafar Roohi , Javaid Saba , Rajput Ahmed Ali 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The variational method, a quantum mechanical approach, estimates effective charge distributions and ground-state energy by minimizing the Hamiltonian's expectation value using trial wave functions with adjustable parameters. This method provides valuable insights into system behavior and is widely used in theoretical chemistry and physics. This paper aims to investigate ground-state energies and isoelectronic sequences using the variational method, introducing a novel approach for analyzing multi-electron systems. This technique allows for determining effective charge values and ground-state energies for 2–5 electrons sequence up to Z ≤ 20. Hydrogenic wave functions are used as a trial wave function to calculate effective charge in 1 s, 2 s, and 2p states. Two varying parameters were used to calculate an approximate wave function for the system. These values are then used in non-relativistic Hamiltonian with electron–electron interaction terms to calculate the ground-state energy of an atom.

Result
The results align with the reported experimental values, showing a marginal 1% error.

Conclusion
A Python algorithm is established based on the variational principle. It was found that, based on a few selected parameters in scripting the program, a very promising result was obtained. Furthermore, adding more variational parameters can minimize the difference between experimental and theoretical values, and this technique can be extended to elements with higher atomic numbers.
Age as an important variable that affects auditory and language results after cochlear implant
Authors: Abdelhamid Nihal Hisham , Fadel Hanaa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCochlear implant (CI) benefits deaf children's speech perception, language development and speech production. Early fitting of an implant results in improved outcomes. Over a period of more than 3 decades, cochlear implantation (CI) is firmly known as safe and effective treatment for children with bilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) who develop minimal or no benefit from conventional hearing aid use. The primary aim of CI is to improve auditory perception of the child and hence the spoken language. The development of functional spoken language would be the major long-term benefits of CI. Children who received a cochlear implant before a real delay in spoken language development (i.e., between 12–16 months) were more able to achieve age-appropriate spoken language. These results strengthen the idea of doing cochlear implantation before 24 months of age, especially for children with a better ear aided pure tone with average thresholds greater than 65 dB prior to surgery.The main aim is to study the effect of age on CI patients results by applying simple questioners on 31 CI children, that are easy to assess the auditory perception and discrimination as an important prerequisite for language development.Results There was an inverse correlation between; age at CI, categories of auditory performance (CAPS), and meaningful auditory integration scale (MAIS) scores. While; there was direct correlation between MAIS & CAPS scores.Conclusions The auditory perception development after CI in children being 3 years old or younger is much better than the older children which would be reflected on their speech perception and acquiring their 1st word and sentence, but language development did not differ between both groups for this period of follow up. With a need of further detailed full language aspects assessment and follow up to ensure these results.
Betahistine in the treatment of peripheral vertigo: an evidence-based review
Authors: Silva Gameiro Bárbara , Silva Fonseca Ana Catarina , Guimarães Bruna Sofia Costa , Gomes Andrade Carolina Ferreira , Pereira Diogo Teixeira China , Ferreira Rosa Inês Magalhães , da Conceição Coelho Moreira Maria 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Vertigo is a common presenting symptom in clinical practice, predominantly of vestibular etiology, and often medicated with betahistine, despite the lack of knowledge concerning its mechanism of action. This paper’s objective was to review the scientific evidence regarding the efficacy of betahistine on peripheral vertigo.

Methods
A systematic search of articles written in English, published within the past 10 years, was conducted in April 2024, on online evidence-based medicine databases, using the MeSH terms “betahistine,” “ménière disease,” “acute vestibular neuritis,” “paroxysmal vertigo,” “acute peripheral vestibulopathy,” and “labyrinthitis.” The Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy of the American Academy of Family Physicians was used to evaluate the level of evidence and strength of recommendation.

Results
This review included 12 articles for evidence analysis. Concerning Menière’s disease, despite contradictory results, three of the articles analyzed showed a positive effect of betahistine, which is in line with the recommendations of the European Academy of Otology and Neurotology and NICE guidelines, while the American Academy of Otorhinolaryngology guidelines suggest offering betahistine as maintenance therapy. For benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, the established treatment is repositioning maneuvers, and three of the five studies analyzed proved the addition of betahistine to be beneficial. In regard to peripheral vertigo from other causes, two out of three articles revealed a positive recommendation for the use of betahistine.

Conclusion
There is a potential benefit to the utilization of betahistine for various etiologies of peripheral vertigo. However, additional studies are required to establish more robust evidence.
Heritage, urban form and spatial resignification in the production of sustainable Olympic legacies: an urban design analysis of the Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games
Authors: Latuf de Oliveira Sanchez Renata 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Olympic Games have been associated with many urban transformation projects throughout their history, often focusing on city expansion. Recent sustainability concerns, however, constitute a pressing challenge, with the regeneration of central areas fulfilling a key role in existing urban agendas. In this paper, the legacy of the Rio 2016 Olympic Games at two proposed centralities was analysed, namely, the Olympic Park, intended as a future neighbourhood to the west of the city, and Porto Maravilha (PM), an urban project aimed at revitalizing a central, historical area of the city. By comparing the Olympic Park and the first provided areas in PM, in terms of selecting urban design criteria through qualitative in loco assessments, this paper focused on analysing the impacts of urban forms and heritage on the consolidation of these two centralities, as well as encouraging social interaction and integration into the city. The analysis results indicated that urban design attributes such as human-scaled, mixed-use, context-based urban spaces could interfere with social interaction and the usability of spaces. Moreover, the repurposing of heritage buildings contributed to urban cohesion for legacy transformation. Hence, novel insights into urban design and heritage could become important for future editions of the Olympics so that host cities may fulfil their sustainability agendas.
The critical role of miRNAs in modulating PRRSV infection in swine: a review
Authors: Wang Yu-Chen , Shao Zhi-Yong , Yi Wei-Xue , Wu Li-Jun , Liu Wei , Chen Xia-Bing , Cao Rui-Ge , He Bin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPorcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a severe threat to pig farming worldwide and contributes to substantial financial losses. Endogenous short RNAs, known as microRNAs (miRNAs), play various roles in controlling viral infections in both human and animals through virus‒host interactions, mediating immune-related gene responses in target cells despite their unknown precise roles in infectious illnesses. Thus, a comprehensive literature search was conducted in EMBASE, PubMed and Web of Science databases to compile this review, focusing on the function, role, and involvement of miRNAs in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection. In addition to possible exogenous miRNAs such as miR2911 and miR168, our study provides strong evidence demonstrating the important effects of endogenous miRNAs such as miR-181, miR-26, and miR-145 on PRRSV infection, which were also anticipated to bind to certain locations within PRRSV genomes. Our study highlights that miRNAs can serve as a treatment strategy of PRRS and further research is needed to validate their clinical safety and efficacy.