bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case of severe visual loss related to treatment with pembrolizumab for metastatic renal pelvic cancer
Authors: Inoue Naoki , Iitzuka Mihoko , Tanaka Hiroki , Ishikawa Yudai , Kawamura Naoko , Okuno Tetsuo 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionPembrolizumab is the standard therapy for urothelial carcinoma treatment; however, adverse events have been noted. Here, we report a rare case of vision loss as an immune‐related adverse event of pembrolizumab therapy in a patient with metastatic renal pelvic cancer.Case presentationA 69‐year‐old man treated with pembrolizumab for lung and lymph node metastases of renal pelvic cancer experienced significant vision loss in both eyes after 11 treatment cycles. Without magnetic resonance imaging confirmation owing to an MRI‐unsafe pacemaker, his clinical features suggested immune checkpoint inhibitor‐associated optic neuritis. Pembrolizumab was discontinued, and the patient received steroid pulse and immunoglobulin therapy. His vision in the right eye improved, but that in the left eye remained unchanged. He maintained a partial response for 36 months despite pembrolizumab discontinuation.ConclusionDespite its rarity, vision loss is a potential irAE in patients treated with ICIs, including pembrolizumab.
Experimental Study on the Process and Performance of Laser‐Assisted Vascular Anastomosis Based on Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Huang Jun , Yan Mintao , Li Yanyu , Xu Tongyu , Wang Kehong 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe selection of an appropriate vascular anastomosis process has an important impact on the surgical treatment of coronary artery disease. In this paper, a laser‐assisted vascular anastomosis process test was carried out based on the response surface experimental method, and the interaction of laser process parameters on the bursting pressure strength and thermal damage of the anastomotic incision was analyzed, and the relationship model between process parameters and anastomotic performance of the vascular incision tissues was established, and the optimal welding process parameters were obtained. The results show that the laser power has a significant effect on the bursting pressure strength of the anastomotic incision; the interaction of laser power and scanning speed has a substantial impact on the thermal damage of the anastomotic incision; and the anastomotic incision has the best comprehensive performance when the laser power is 6.2 W, the scanning speed is 206 mm/s, and the defocus is 2 mm.
Extracting Superficial Scattering by Q‐Sensing Technique
Authors: Tzroya Alon , Duadi Hamootal , Fixler Dror 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTOptical properties determine how light interacts with biological tissues. The current methods for measuring these optical properties are influenced by both deep and superficial skin layers. Polarization‐based methods have been proposed in order to determine the influence of deep layer scattering. Polarized light allows for the separation of ballistic photons from diffuse ones, enhancing image contrast and resolution while providing additional tissue information. The Q‐sensing technique captures co‐polarized and cross‐polarized signals, making it possible to isolate the superficial scattering. However, the random structure of tissues leads to rapid depolarization of the polarized light. Detecting where the light becomes depolarized aids in sensing abnormalities within the tissues. Hence, this research focuses on identifying where depolarization occurs within the tissue. Tissue‐mimicking phantoms, simulating the optical properties of biological tissues, are created to measure depolarization at various thicknesses. Experimental findings are validated with a Monte Carlo simulation, modeling polarized light behavior through the polydisperse tissue (as the tissue scatterers are heterogeneous in size). Additionally, the research demonstrates how polarized light can extract the optical properties of the medium.
A longitudinal study of psychological distress during and after COVID‐19 restrictions in caregivers of children with intellectual disability in the UK
Authors: Gillespie‐Smith Karri , Goodall Karen , McConachie Doug , Van Herwegen Jo , Crawford Hayley , Ballantyne Carrie , Richards Caroline , Gallagher‐Mitchell Thomas , Moss Joanna , Khawam Grace , Outhwaite Laura , Marriott Emily , Steindorsdottir Freyja , Christie Hope 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe current study explored longitudinally whether child behaviours that challenge and caregiver coping strategies was associated with psychological distress in caregivers of children with and without intellectual disability during and after lockdown.MethodAn online survey was completed by caregivers who had children with and without intellectual disability during Time Period 1 (T1; August‐December 2021, n = 171) and then again during Time Period 2 (T2; January–March 2022, n = 109).ResultsChild behaviours that challenge and caregiver psychological distress reduced in T2 compared to T1. Child behaviours that challenge, emotion focussed coping and avoidant coping was associated distress at both time points in caregivers of children with and without intellectual disabilities.ConclusionsThe study shows that both child behaviours that challenge and caregiver psychological distress reduced as lockdown ended. However, caregiver coping strategies may have contributed to psychological distress, which has potential implications for interventions and support for caregivers.
New Subependymal Enhancement After Radiation Therapy in High‐Grade Glioma: Utilizing Morphological Features and DSC Perfusion MRI in Differentiate Progression and Post‐Radiation Changes
Authors: Choi Kyu Sung , Hwang Inpyeong , Park Chul Kee , Park Sung Hye , Choi Seung Hong 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThe specific patterns of subependymal enhancement (SE) that frequently occur as radiation‐induced changes in high‐grade gliomas following radiotherapy are often overlooked. Perfusion MRI may offer a diagnostic clue.PurposeTo distinguish between radiation‐induced SE and progression in adult high‐grade diffuse gliomas after standard treatment.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationNinety‐four consecutive high‐grade diffuse glioma patients (mean age, 55 ± 14 years; 54 [57.4%] males) with new SE identified in follow‐up MRI after completion of surgery plus chemoradiation: progression (N = 74) vs. regression (N = 20).Field Strength/Sequence3 T, gradient‐echo dynamic susceptibility contrast‐enhanced MRI, 3D gradient‐echo contrast‐enhanced T1‐weighted imaging.AssessmentTo differentiate between radiation changes and progression in SE evaluation, multivariable logistic regression was performed using significant variables among SE appearance interval, IDH mutation, morphological features, and rCBV. Cox regression was performed to predict the tumor progression. For the added value of the rCBV, a log‐rank test was conducted between the multivariable logistic regression models with and without the rCBV.Statistical TestsLogistic regression, Cox regression, receiver operating characteristic analysis, log‐rank test.Results38.3% (36/94) patients had first specific SE (9.2 ± 9.5 months after surgery), which disappeared in 21.3% (20/94) after 5.8 ± 5.8 months after initial appearance on post‐radiation MRI. IDH mutation, elongated, small lesions with lower rCBV tended to regress: IDH mutation, elongation, diameter, and rCBV_p95; odds ratio, 0.32, 1.92, 1.70, and 2.47, respectively. Qualitative evaluation of shape revealed that thin and curvilinear‐shaped SE tended to regress, indicating a significant correlation with quantitative shape features (r = 0.31). In Cox regression, rCBV and lesion shape were significant (hazard ratio = 1.09 and 0.54, respectively). For sub‐centimeter lesions, the rCBV showed added value in predicting outcomes (area under the curve, 0.873 vs. 0.836; log‐rank test).Data ConclusionSmaller, elongated lesions with lower rCBV and IDH mutation are associated with regression when differentiating radiation changes from progression in high‐grade glioma with post‐radiotherapy SE.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 2
Slow left atrial conduction velocity in the anterior wall calculated by electroanatomic mapping predicts atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation—Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lukito Antonia Anna , Raffaello Wilson Matthew , Pranata Raymond 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate and perform diagnostic test meta‐analysis on whether slow left atrial conduction velocity (LACV) in the anterior wall calculated by electroanatomic mapping predicts atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after catheter ablation.MethodsExtensive literature search was performed on PubMed, SCOPUS, and EuropePMC up to June 5, 2024. The exposure group included AF patients with slow LACV in the anterior wall, while the control group included AF patients without slow LACV in the anterior wall. Slow LACV in the anterior wall was defined as LACV below study‐specific cut‐off points in m/s, measured by invasive electroanatomic mapping. The primary outcome of this study was AF recurrence, defined as AF/Atrial Flutter/Atrial Tachyarrhythmias lasting over 30 s at least 3 months after the blanking period postablation.ResultsThis systematic review and meta‐analysis included seven studies, involving a sample size of 1428 patients with mean follow‐up duration were 13 months. Patients with AF recurrence has slower LACV in the anterior wall (mean difference − 0.16 m/s [−0.18, −0.15], p < .001). Slow LACV in the anterior wall defined as LACV below 0.70–0.88 m/s was associated with increased AF (adjusted OR 3.41 [1.55, 7.50], p = .002). Slow LACV in the anterior wall has an AUROC of 0.80 [0.76–0.83], sensitivity of 70% [52, 84], specificity of 76% [67, 83], positive likelihood ratio of 2.9 [2.3, 3.6], negative likelihood ratio of 0.39 [0.25, 0.63] for predicting AF recurrence postablation.ConclusionSlow LACV in the anterior wall was associated with AF recurrence after catheter ablation.
Ultrasound Features of Nodular Hidradenoma
Authors: Feng Ming‐Chu , Liang Jian‐Feng , Wang Jing , Dai Jian‐Cheng , Xu Wan‐Mei 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to systematically investigate the ultrasonographic features of nodular hidradenoma (NH).MethodsA retrospective analysis was used to systematically summarize the ultrasonographic data of 27 patients diagnosed with NH by surgical pathology, including 13 eccrine nodular hidradenomas (ENH) and 14 apocrine nodular hidradenomas (ANH).ResultsAll instances of NH presented as solitary, well‐defined lesions that infiltrated the dermis and subcutaneous fat layer, characterized by a heterogeneous hypoechoic internal solid component on ultrasound imaging. Color Doppler ultrasound revealed blood flow signals of Grade 2 or higher within 74% (20/27) of the lesions. Solid + cystic (cystic >50%) NH (14/27, 51.4%) were typically large and predominantly had an oval shape (11/14, 78.5%). Their distinctive sonographic features included the presence of inner septa within the cystic area (8/14, 57.1%), “snow falling” sign (7/14, 50%), or “fluid–fluid level” sign (7/14, 50%). Solid + cystic (cystic ≤50%) NH exhibited a lobulated morphology in all instances (5/5, 100%). No inner septa, “snow falling” sign or “fluid–fluid level” sign was observed within the cystic regions. The solid NH (8/27, 29.7%) morphology predominantly featured lobulation (6 out of 8, 75%). Ultrasound analysis revealed distinct differences between ENH and ANH. ENH were more lobulated, while ANH were predominantly oval. ANH were mainly solid + cystic (cystic >50%), whereas ENH were mostly solid. Inner septa, “snow falling” sign, and “fluid–fluid level” sign frequencies were similar in both groups, correlating more with cystic‐solid composition than pathological subtype.ConclusionsUltrasonographic features of lobulated morphology and the presence of inner septa, “snow falling” sign or “fluid–fluid level” sign in the cystic region provide strong support for the diagnosis of NH.
Gouy Phase Induced Optical Skyrmion Transformation in Diffraction Limited Scale
Authors: Chen Jian , Shen Xi , Zhan Qiwen , Qiu Cheng‐Wei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOptical skyrmions are topologically stable quasiparticles that can be constructed with electric field, spin angular momentum, polarization Stokes vector, pseudospin, etc. In this letter, both theoretical and experimental studies are carried out to reveal the role of Gouy phase in the topology transformation during the tight focusing of Stokes skyrmions. The Stokes skyrmionic beam can be constructed by superposing two orthogonally polarized components with orthogonal spatial modes. The Gouy phase produced in the focused field depends on the orbital angular momentum carried by the high order mode component of the incident Stokes skyrmionic beam. While the beam size of the focused field is diffraction limited, the variation of the Stokes vectors in the skyrmion topology is in the sub‐diffraction limited scale. The presented results shed light on the understanding of the topology transformation between the incident and the tightly focused fields, paving the way for engineering the optical skyrmions in micro‐nano scale and their applications in information processing, quantum technology, metrology, etc.
Improving the Performance of Machining Parameters in the Turning Process of Inconel 686 by Using Cryo‐MQL Method
Authors: Tazehkandi Ahmadreza Hosseini , Shabgard Mohammadreza , Tutunchi Abolfazl 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTRegarding its wide range of applications in different industries, such as oil and gas, and for manufacturing equipment used to control pollution and recycle industrial wastes, Inconel 686 turning process is highly important. The alloy is highly resistant to high temperatures and corrosion, and thus it can preserve its properties at high temperatures. Due to its low heat transfer coefficient and work hardening during operation, Inconel 686 is considered a difficult‐to‐cut material, and hence, turning Inconel 686 is challenged with major limitations regarding input parameter level and cutting fluid and issues such as reduced surface quality. The input parameter level and cutting fluid limitations might severely harm the environment and humans, decrease the machining efficiency and keep cleaner production goals out of reach. Novel cooling methods such as cryo‐MQL can contribute to achieving cleaner production goals. Cooling methods improve the machining performance and prohibit any damage to the surface integrity. In this study, cryo‐MQL, along with carbide‐coated tools and biodegradable vegetable oil, was adopted. The efficiency and success rate of cryo‐MQL were evaluated by comparing the results with those of MQL and wet methods. A wide range of output parameters, such as residual stresses, cutting zone temperature, cutting forces, tool wear, surface smoothness, surface defects and micro‐hardness, were assessed by changing the cutting speed and feed rate. The results indicated that cryo‐MQL could reduce the cutting forces, tool wear rate, cutting zone temperature and residual stresses while improving the surface quality. Moreover, environmental concerns were completely dealt with. Due to the increased possibility of higher input parameter levels, the time and cost of the cutting process were significantly reduced.
Efficiently Fabricated Core‐Sheath Piezoelectric Sensor Based on PVDF Microfibrillar Bundle
Authors: Shi Jiulong , Peng Fei , Shan Tingting , Guo Juan , Gao Chaojun , Zheng Guoqiang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWith the rapid development of information technology (e.g., Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI)), piezoelectric sensor (i.e., piezoelectric nanogenerator, PENG) receives an increasing number attention in the field of self‐powered wearable devices. Taking piezoelectric fiber as an example, it shows promising application for wearable devices owing to its light weight and high flexibility compared with block electronic devices. However, it still remains a challenge to fabricate low‐cost and high‐performance piezoelectric fiber via a large‐scale but efficient method. In this study, via extrusion molding and leaching, a core‐sheath piezoelectric sensor is facilely fabricated, whose core and sheath layer are respectively slender steel wire (i.e., electrode) and PVDF microfibrillar bundle (PMB) (i.e., piezoelectric layer). Such piezoelectric sensor shows decent output performance in both pressing (12.3 V) and bending (0.32 V) mode. Meanwhile, it possesses sensitive stress responsiveness when serving for self‐powered sensing. Furthermore, such piezoelectric sensors can realize wearable signal transmission and human motion monitoring, showing promising potential for wearable devices in the future. This work proposes a large‐scale but efficient method for fabricating high‐performance PVDF microfibril based piezoelectric fiber, opening a new pathway to develop self‐powered sensors following the concept of polymer “structuring” processing.
How to address enterprise collusion in falsifying carbon emission data: A game theory analysis
Authors: Sun Yong , Yang Xinqi , Wu Runtian , Gong Guangxiang , Lei Tianjie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFalsification of carbon emissions data poses a significant challenge to the integrity of the carbon trading market. Addressing this issue requires a comprehensive strategy involving various stakeholders. This paper focuses on collusive behavior in carbon emissions data falsification. An evolutionary game model is established to illustrate the interactions between local governments, carbon‐emitting enterprises, and third‐party carbon verification agencies. The stability of the evolutionary game and its conditions are analyzed, revealing the impact of regulatory penalties, credit losses, and awareness of responsibility. This study proposes a management framework tailored for this tripartite game, providing valuable insights for policy formulation.
Carbon trading price and carbon performance of high energy‐intensive enterprises
Authors: Feng Yu , Lei Yutao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSeparating the relationship between the environment and the economy and simply discussing the impact of carbon pricing on corporate carbon emissions may lead to the “green paradox”. That is, environmental policies aimed at reducing emissions would result in an increase in carbon emissions. To remedy this shortcoming, scholars have proposed the concept of “carbon performance”. With the growing interest in carbon performance, this study investigates the relationship between carbon trading price and enterprise carbon performance, which is still unknown in the existing literature. Based on the panel data of high energy‐intensive (HEIs) listed enterprises in China from 2013 to 2021, we find a positive and significant relationship between carbon trading price and carbon performance. In the components, we find that the carbon performance enhancement effect is stronger for high industry competition, state‐owned enterprises and large‐scale enterprises. In addition, to explore the impact of external influences on the relationship, we select financing constraints and environmental uncertainty as moderating variables. This research provides new insights to enhance the carbon performance of HEIs, as well as experiences and lessons for the construction of China's carbon emissions trading market.
Discovery of β‐nitrostyrene derivatives as potential quorum sensing inhibitors for biofilm inhibition and antivirulence factor therapeutics against Serratia marcescens
Authors: Wang Jiang , Yang Jingyi , Durairaj Pradeepraj , Wang Wei , Wei Dongyan , Tang Shi , Liu Haiqing , Wang Dayong , Jia Ai‐Qun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractQuorum sensing (QS) inhibition has emerged as a promising target for directed drug design, providing an appealing strategy for developing antimicrobials, particularly against infections caused by drug‐resistant pathogens. In this study, we designed and synthesized a total of 33 β‐nitrostyrene derivatives using 1‐nitro‐2‐phenylethane (NPe) as the lead compound, to target the facultative anaerobic bacterial pathogen Serratia marcescens. The QS‐inhibitory effects of these compounds were evaluated using S. marcescens NJ01 and the reporter strain Chromobacterium violaceum CV026. Among the 33 new β‐nitrostyrene derivatives, (E)‐1‐methyl‐4‐(2‐nitrovinyl)benzene (m‐NPe, compound 28) was proven to be a potent inhibitor that reduced biofilm formation of S. marcescens NJ01 by 79%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) results revealed that treatment with m‐NPe (50 μg/ml) not only enhanced the susceptibility of the formed biofilms but also disrupted the architecture of biofilms by 84%. m‐NPe (50 μg/ml) decreased virulence factors in S. marcescens NJ01, reducing the activity of protease, prodigiosin, and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) by 36%, 72%, and 52%, respectively. In S. marcescens 4547, the activities of hemolysin and EPS were reduced by 28% and 40%, respectively, outperforming the positive control, vanillic acid (VAN). The study also found that the expression levels of QS‐ and biofilm‐related genes (flhD, fimA, fimC, sodB, bsmB, pigA, pigC, and shlA) were downregulated by 1.21‐ to 2.32‐fold. Molecular dynamics analysis showed that m‐NPe could bind stably to SmaR, RhlI, RhlR, LasR, and CviR proteins in a 0.1 M sodium chloride solution. Importantly, a microscale thermophoresis (MST) test revealed that SmaR could be a target protein for the screening of a quorum sensing inhibitor (QSI) against S. marcescens. Overall, this study highlights the efficacy of m‐NPe in suppressing the virulence factors of S. marcescens, identifying it as a new potential QSI and antibiofilm agent capable of restoring or improving antimicrobial drug sensitivity.
Predictors of mortality post‐gastrostomy in motor neuron disease patients
Authors: Yang Jie , Zhao Yun , Soares Mario , Needham Merrilee , Begley Andrea , Calton Emily 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsMotor neuron disease (MND) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition with a limited life expectancy. There is very little data on mortality and its associated factors beyond 30 days following gastrostomy. We explored the demographic, clinical, and nutritional predictors for early mortality at 30, 90, and 180 days following gastrostomy in these patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective study involving 94 MND patients in Western Australia who underwent gastrostomy between 2015 and 2021. Patients were divided into two groups based on mortality at 30, 90, and 180 days post‐gastrostomy. T‐test (or Mann–Whitney), chi‐square test and Fisher's exact test were used for detecting between‐group differences in various factors. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with post‐gastrostomy mortality at 90 and 180 days.ResultsNo mortality was attributable to gastrostomy‐related complications. Lower forced vital capacity (FVC) (p = .039) and greater weight loss (%) (p = .022) from diagnosis to gastrostomy were observed in those who died within 30 days post‐gastrostomy. Older age (p = .022), male sex (p = .041), lower FVC (p = .04), requiring but not tolerating noninvasive ventilation (p = .035), and greater weight loss (%) (p = .012) were independent predictors of 90‐day post‐gastrostomy mortality. However, only older age (p = .01) and greater weight loss (p = .009) were predictors of mortality at 180 days post‐gastrostomy.DiscussionOur data indicated that mortality at 90 and 180 days was influenced by the weight loss (%) from diagnosis to gastrostomy, highlighting the importance of nutritional care in the MND population. Gastrostomy placement prior to substantial weight loss may reduce the risk of weight loss‐associated mortality and warrants further investigation.