bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Late Night at the University Library: Supporting Students in the Final Phases of Essay and Thesis Writing
Authors: Moberg Bodil , Borgström Anna M. 
Published: January 2017

This poster outlines a strategy for both efficient use of library resources towards the end of semesters – when the library is filled with students stressed about essays and theses – and at the same time for caterings to students’ needs. For the past four semesters, the Karolinska Institutet University Library has arranged “a late evening at the library”, with a special program designed to help students. Our goal is that the students should be able to finish their work during the evening. We seek to provide an opportunity for focused work with access to the resources that the students are asking for: drop-in consultations and mini lectures with writing tutors and librarians. To help the students stay focused and energized, the student health center offers advice on how to end procrastination, an instructor from the campus gym leads mini-exercise and yoga breaks, and complimentary snacks are offered. The event was inspired by the international “long night against procrastination”, which started in Germany 2010.The late night at the library makes for a new way of reaching students and catering to their needs in a time-efficient manner. Although these evenings require some preparation, we are able to reach many students. In addition, students have the opportunity to get iterative support during their working process, allowing for highly efficient and stimulating work. Student response has been positive, and many students have used the opportunity to work intensely and make use of the support offered – some of them have also managed to finish their work during the evening!
We Have to Talk about Collaboration: How a University Library and Writing Centre Work Together to Better Help Students with Information Literacy
Authors: Olsson Magnus , Bindler Annika 
Published: January 2017

Many academic libraries are asked to do more for less money. By reaching out to other academic services, for example, the writing centre, might make it easier to fulfil the expected goals placed upon the library by the University administration (Ferer, 2012). However, there are also pedagogical reasons for collaboration. Academic librarians and academic writing tutors who transcend the traditional organizational boundaries within a university can together provide a more integrated picture of information seeking and the writing process for their students. This team approach, which emphasizes helping students become independent and active learners, can strengthen their academic skills, such as information literacy, that are essential when attending university.Nevertheless, in Sweden the few university libraries that house writing centres simply share a location rather than collaborate on a routine basis. Umeå University Library is unusual because the Library and Writing Centre are organized in the same unit, Scholarly Communication, and work as a team. Collecting this expertise into one location allows students more comprehensive support and convenient access: "one-stop shopping" (Cooke & Bledsoe, 2008). Drawing on our practices, we will describe Umeå University Library’s collaborative approach to teaching information literacy.Academic librarians are taking a greater role as literacy educators in helping students create personal knowledge (Elmborg, 2006). This personal knowledge is then transferred into writing where students demonstrate their evaluation and understanding of sources and through writing enter the conversations in their field, thereby finding their own voice. Rather than compartmentalizing these information seeking and writing processes, librarians and writing tutors can work together with students to help them navigate and come to understand that these processes are intricately linked.
Osteopathology and insect traces in the Australopithecus africanus skeleton StW 431
Authors: Odes Edward J. , Parkinson Alexander H. , Randolph-Quinney Patrick S. , Zipfel Bernhard , Jakata Kudakwashe , Bonney Heather , Berger Lee R. 
Published: January 2017

We present the first application of high-resolution micro computed tomography in an analysis of both the internal and external morphology of the lumbar region of StW 431 – a hominin skeleton recovered from Member 4 infill of the Sterkfontein Caves (South Africa) in 1987. The lumbar vertebrae of the individual present a number of proliferative and erosive bony processes, which were investigated in this study. Investigations suggest a complex history of taphonomic alteration to pre-existing spinal degenerative joint disease (SDJD) as well as post-mortem modification by an unknown insect. This study is in agreement with previous pathological diagnoses of SDJD which affected StW 431 and is the first time insect traces on this hominin are described. The results of this analysis attest to the complex series of post-mortem processes affecting the Sterkfontein site and its fossil assemblages.

Significance:

First application of high-resolution micro computed tomography of the lumbar region of StW 431, a partial skeleton of Australopithecus africanus, attests to pre-existing degenerative joint disease and identifies post-mortem modification by an unknown insect.
The co-occurrence of degenerative pathology and insect modification may not be unique to StW 431. A combination of traditional morphoscopic analysis and non-invasive high-resolution tomography is recommended.
Stormwater harvesting: Improving water security in South Africa’s urban areas
Authors: Fisher-Jeffes Lloyd , Carden Kirsty , Armitage Neil P. , Winter Kevin 
Published: January 2017

The drought experienced in South Africa in 2016 – one of the worst in decades – has left many urbanised parts of the country with limited access to water, and food production has been affected. If a future water crisis is to be averted, the country needs to conserve current water supplies, reduce its reliance on conventional surface water schemes, and seek alternative sources of water supply. Within urban areas, municipalities must find ways to adapt to, and mitigate the threats from, water insecurity resulting from, inter alia, droughts, climate change and increasing water demand driven by population growth and rising standards of living. Stormwater harvesting (SWH) is one possible alternative water resource that could supplement traditional urban water supplies, as well as simultaneously offer a range of social and environmental benefits. We set out three position statements relating to how SWH can: improve water security and increase resilience to climate change in urban areas; prevent frequent flooding; and provide additional benefits to society. We also identify priority research areas for the future in order to target and support the appropriate uptake of SWH in South Africa, including testing the viability of SWH through the use of real-time control and managed aquifer recharge.

Significance:

Addresses water scarcity through building resilience to the impacts of climate change; improving the liveability of cities; and prioritising water-sensitive urban design.
Attenuation of pollution arising from acid mine drainage by a natural wetland on the Witwatersrand
Authors: Humphries Marc S. , McCarthy Terrence S. , Pillay Letitia 
Published: January 2017

Wetlands are well known to be efficient at sequestering pollutants from contaminated water. We investigated metal accumulation in the peats of the Klip River, a natural wetland that has received contaminated water from gold mining operations in Johannesburg for over 130 years. Previous work conducted in the downstream portion identified the wetland as an important system for sequestering metals. We focused on the upstream section of the wetland, more proximal to the source of acid mine drainage, to provide a better understanding of the pollutant sources and the role of the wetland in pollutant attenuation. Geochemical and mineralogical analyses of peat cores revealed considerable metal enrichments in the peat ash, particularly in Co, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cu and U. Metal concentrations are typically between 4 to 8 times higher than those previously reported for the downstream, more distal portion of the wetland. The distribution of metal accumulation within the peat profiles suggests that contamination arises from a combination of sources and processes. Elevated concentrations in the shallow peat are attributed to the input of contaminated surface water via tributaries that drain the Central Rand Goldfield, whereas enrichments in the deeper peat suggest significant sub-surface inflow of contaminated water through the underlying dolomitic rocks. Metal immobilisation occurs through a combination of mechanisms, which include the precipitation of gypsum, metal sulfides, Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides and phosphates. Our study highlights the environmental and economic importance of natural wetland systems which have the ability to accumulate large quantities of metals and thus remediate polluted waters.

Significance:

Considerable levels of metal accumulation are observed within the Klip River wetland peats.
The wetland is effective in remediating highly polluted water emanating from the Witwatersrand Basin.
The Klip River system is important for the region’s future water supply.
Rare case of complete gonadal dysgenesis 46 XY, Swyer syndrome
Authors: Chander Aravind , Shri Reshma , Muthuvel Arun , Veluswamy Chandralekha 
Published: January 2017

Swyer syndrome also known as 46XY complete gonadal dysgenesis is a rare cause of primary amenorrhea. These patients are phenotypically females with female type of internal and external genitalia with absence of testicular tissues. They have streak gonads which have increased potential to turn into malignancy. Bilateral gonadectomy should be done as soon as diagnosis is made. In present case, 20 years unmarried female came with complaints of menstrual bleeding only on taking medication. She never attained menarche, following which she was started on treatment outside, on withdrawal bleeding for the past 3 years. She was now evaluated and diagnosed as Swyer syndrome and bilateral gonadectomy was done laproscopically. Swyer syndrome patients can get married, have normal sexual life and can get pregnant through invitro fertilisation with donor oocyte if desired.
A Study of Portal Hypertensive Polyps
Authors: C. Aravind , S. Arul Murugan , Kiran B. Sai Ravi 
Published: January 2017

Background: Portal hypertension induces mucosal changes like portal hypertensive gastropathy, duodenopathy and colonic mucosal abnormalities. These polyps are commonly found in the stomach than other parts of bowel. Portal hypertensive polyp usually occur in cirrhotic portal hypertension and are also in extra hepatic portal vein occlusion. Diagnostic criteria for portal hypertensive polyp is not yet clearly described. Hence it becomes essential to evaluate the prevalence of polyps in portal hypertensive patients. The aim was to estimate the prevalence of portal hypertensive polyps in patients with portal hypertension due to any etiology.Methods: This is a prospective observational study of patients with portal hypertensive polyps. All patients in age group of 18 to 80 years who had portal hypertension diagnosed by clinical, laboratory and imaging criteria who went upper gastro intestinal endoscopy from the period of May 2012 to April 2013 were included in the study. Diagnosis of portal hypertensive polyps was confirmed histologically. Patients with proton pump inhibitor use, gastric varices, h. pylori gastritis, history of inherited polyposis syndromes, patients who refused consent were excluded.Results: A total of 3,621upper GI endoscopies were done of which 428 patients had portal hypertension. Polyps were noted in 9 patients (2.1%). Out of 428 patients 366 had chronic liver disease and 62 had extrahepatic portal hypertension and out of them 1 was excluded due to Rapid urease test positivity. Histopathological examination showed four had extensive vascular proliferation and glandular hyperplasia (portal hypertensive polyp) two had hyperplastic polyp and other two had neuroendocrine tumour. Endoscopic appearances of polyps varied considerably, with sizes ranging from 5mm to 15 mm. Polyps were sessile or pedunculated, singular or multiple, found in the antrum, body of the stomach .There is no specific endoscopic features to identify portal hypertensive polyps.Conclusions: Portal hypertensive polyps are rare. There is no specific endoscopic features. Biopsy is necessary for diagnosis. Longterm studies are needed to characterise their significance.
Lung cancer: 1 year experience at tertiary care centre with reference to cytodiagnostic approach
Authors: Mehta Mansi , Gupta Nisha , Odhwani Jaydeep , Desai Nandini , Santwani P. M. 
Published: January 2017

Background: Lung cancer is the most common cancer incidence wise as well as leading cause of cancer related death in worldwide as well as in India. Cytological diagnosis plays an important role in patients having lung cancer. This study was conducted to evaluate sensitivity of various cytological methods in diagnosis of lung cancer, to study typing of lung cancer, age and gender wise distribution of lung cancer and its association with smoking.Methods: This study includes patients having clinical and radiological diagnosis of lung cancer. Total 150 cases of entire January 2015 to December 2015 are included. Methods obtaining samples includes, abrasive cytology by bronchoscope guided: bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL); brush cytology and bronchial washing, CT/USG guided transthoracic fine needle aspiration, trans- bronchial needle aspiration. Samples have been processed as per standard protocols and cytomorphology of samples are studied, along with these patient age, gender, and smoking habit have been recorded.Results: Sensitivity of various method: abrasive cytology by bronchoscope guided bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL); brush cytology and bronchial washing, trance bronchial needle aspiration, CT/USG guided transthoracic fine needle aspiration is 70%, 66%, 90% respectively. Adenocarcinoma is most common carcinoma followed by squamous carcinoma, having incident of 41%, 31.39% respectively. In male patient peak age is 5th decade, and in female peak age is 6th decade. Male:female ratio is 5.1:1. Adenocarcinoma is most common carcinoma is 10 times more common in non-smokers as compare to squamous cell carcinoma .But association of squamous cell carcinoma with smoking is 97%.Conclusions: CT/USG guided transthoracic fine needle aspiration method has highest sensitivity. In male patients peak age of presentation of lung carcinoma is 5th decade, and in female patient’s peak age is 6th decade. Lung carcinoma found to be more common in males than in females. Adenocarcinoma is most common carcinoma. It is 10 times more common in non-smokers as compare to squamous cell carcinoma. Association of squamous cell carcinoma with smoking is 97%.
C - reactive protein predictive marker value and its significance in management of pre dialysis chronic kidney disease patients when correlated with total serum proteins and serum albumin levels: experience in a teaching institution
Authors: Arora Balvinder Singh , Biswal Indu , Sen Poornima , Rajan Santhosh , Ali Amjad , Rajwanshi Prabal 
Published: January 2017

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is imposing newer challenges, not only globally, but, also in India, especially managing the end stage renal disease (ESRD). Screening for CKD at an early stage, by, high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) with or without other clinical, biochemical or anthropometric parameters helps initiate specific therapy to reduce the progression of renal disease. Although, malnutrition, inflammation and cardio vascular diseases (CVD) have been shown as significant independent risk factors of mortality in CKD patients, but, whether there exists any relationship between hsCRP and serum proteins and serum albumin levels, one of the important indicators of PEM, has not been extensively studied in pre-dialysis CKD patients.Methods: The study included a total of 60 adult subjects. Of these, 30 were study cases who fulfilled the case definition of CKD and were compared with 30 patients who did not show any signs or symptoms of CKD. As per the objective - hsCRP values were estimated by ELISA test, quantified and statistically correlated with total serum proteins and albumin levels.Results: A significant difference was found in the mean value of hsCRP in cases and in controls (p value 0.001). No significant difference was observed in the mean level of total serum protein in cases and controls, but, the mean differences in the level of serum albumin between cases and controls was significant. The association of serum albumin and hsCRP was found to be significant (p value <0.001). If a level of serum albumin < 3.5 is taken as a marker of malnutrition, it is found that 66.66% of patients have hypo-albuminaemia.Conclusions: The present study comes to an important conclusion that hsCRP is a useful independent predictor of CKD and if correlated with serum albumin levels, it would help clinician manage the patient effectively by initiating an aggressive yet very appropriate therapy at the pre-dialysis stage with the likelihood of an ‘evidence based’ reduction in morbidity and mortality.
A cross sectional study of psychiatric morbidity in juvenile boys admitted in an observation home
Authors: N. D. Bhoge , S. N. Panse , A. V. Pawar , G. T. Raparti , J. B. Ramanand , S. J. Ramanand 
Published: January 2017

Background: It is estimated that 10-20% of children and adolescents are affected annually by psychiatric problems. Studies in several countries across three continents have repeatedly shown that young offenders have higher rates of psychiatric morbidity than youths in the community. Given the growth of juvenile delinquent population, epidemiologic data on their psychiatric evaluation is becoming increasingly important. Thus, to study the psychiatric morbidity in juvenile delinquent boys in an observation home was undertaken.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in an observation home for boys. Study was approved by the institutional ethics committee. Prior to conducting the study, informed written consent was sought from the superintendent of observation home for boys. The study sample consists of 50 boys from the observation home aged between 6-16 years. Boys from observation home for whom responsible legal authority gave permission were included in the study.Results: Prevalence of individual psychiatric disorders was as follows: conduct disorder 23 (46%), anxiety disorder 05(10%), oppositional defiance disorder 04 (08%), mild mental retardation 03 (06%), depression 02 (04%), psychosis 01(02%), adjustment disorder 01(02%), disorders of emotions and conduct 01 (02%). In our study prevalence of psychiatric disorder was more common in juveniles under conflict of law (19 out of 20) than juveniles under care and protection (25 out of 30).Conclusions: Initial screening of juveniles in observation home by expert mental health care professionals is needed for the rational management of psychiatric morbidity and enhancement of their development towards productive adulthood and productive integration into the general society.
Brain natriuretic peptide: new surrogate marker for adequacy of anti-hypertensive treatment
Authors: Shrivastava Mayank , Dhanak Anoop Kumar , Mathur Ajay , Sharma Ramji 
Published: January 2017

Background: High blood pressure (hypertension) is one of the preventable causes of premature morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to assess the difference in mean BNP level at baseline and 3months after start of treatment among newly diagnosed hypertensive cases up to 35 years.Methods: Study was carried out on fifty newly diagnosed hypertensive patients over a period of three months satisfying inclusion criteria. Pre and post treatment BNP level were measured and analysed.Results: 39 (78%) cases out of 50 cases have high BNP in which 5 (10%) cases are in <30 year age group and 34 (68%) cases are in <30 year age group, High BNP level are significant in both age group with p value <0.01. 10 (20%) cases of age <30 year have normal BNP after antihypertensive treatment and 40 (80%) cases of age <30 year out of which 31 (62%) have normal BNP level and 9 (18%) cases have abnormal BNP level after antihypertensive treatment. Mean BNP level in pre antihypertensive treatment is (143.92±25.19) and post treatment is (117.26±11.20), And Mean change in BNP level pre and post treatment is (26.66±20.75) with p value <0.001which is statistically highly significant.Conclusions: Out of many risk factors for raised BNP level, hypertension is also one of the most prevalent factors for raised BNP level. Positive correlation was found between Blood pressure and BNP level reduction after antihypertensive treatment which is highly significant. Thus Potential clinical application of BNP can be expanded, regarding monitoring the adequacy of treatment. By which we can prevent or delay the progression of disease (hypertension).
Insulin resistance and its associated comorbidities in young individuals: a HOMA study
Authors: Ahamed H. B. Irfan , Abdullah Bilal Bin , Ismail Mohammed , Jagirdar Syed Aman 
Published: January 2017

Background: The strongest relationship between insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors is observed in middle-aged persons rather than in older individuals. Hence it is important to evaluate the young high risk individuals for insulin resistance and to study its significant co-morbidities. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the high risk individuals for insulin resistance and co-morbidities in young individuals.Methods: The body mass index and the waist-hip ratio of all the participants were measured. A 5 ml of fasting venous blood was collected from each patient and was used for the estimation of fasting blood glucose level, lipid profile, fasting insulin level and glycated hemoglobin using commercially available kit according to the manufacturer’s guidelines. Subjects’ full filling inclusion criteria and preliminary tests for insulin resistance are further evaluated with HOMA. The data obtained was represented as Mean±S.D and was analyzed for statistical significance using chi-square test and correlation of HOMA with study variables were performed using Pearson correlation test using SPSS Version 20. P - value less than 0.05 was considered the level of significance.Results: In the present study we found that, non- diabetic group patients are having strong association with hypertension and insulin resistance. When the study variables in the recruited subjects were correlated with HOMA using Pearson correlation, showed a significant correlation with fasting blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin and hypertension in diabetic patients. In non-diabetic subjects fasting blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin was not correlated significantly. But, hypertension showed a significant correlation.Conclusions: Insulin resistance was strongly associated with co-morbidities like hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia. High incidence and prevalence of insulin resistance was also seen in non-diabetic individuals.