bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of electronic waste and attapulgite clay on lightweight polyester concrete
Authors: Mohamad Safaa A. , Alzabeebee Saif , Albostami Asad S. , Al-Hamd Rwayda Kh. S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNatural aggregate consumption for producing concrete depletes the natural aggregate, necessitating the development of alternative materials that do not cause a burden on natural resources. Electronic plastic waste (EPW) like digital video discs (DVDs) and compact discs (CDs) are becoming an extreme burden to the environment due to the high quantities generated, which pose serious harm to both the environment and its inhabitants. This study presents the concept of recycling EPW and converting it into construction materials with high specifications. Using 100% EPW in place of sand and 4% unsaturated polyester resin with 20% high reactivity attapulgite (HRA) as a filler, the study generated lightweight polyester concrete (LWPC). The HRA was used after calcination at three temperatures (300, 600 and 900 °C), and for comparison, without calcination, various concentrations of the concrete components were used to produce LWPC using EPW with the optimum polyester resin percentage and HRA burning temperature. The study assessed the physical and mechanical properties of 24 mixtures of LWPC and showed the possibility of producing a novel type of high-strength, sustainable, LWPC with high properties (rapid-set, followability and ductility). The results showed that reducing the concrete’s density to below 1385 kg/m3 and, when optimal quantities of polyester resin, EPW, and HRA were used, enhanced the workability, flowability, and mechanical properties of fresh and hardened concrete.
Optimal reinsurance design under distortion risk measures and reinsurer’s default risk with partial recovery
Authors: Yong Yaodi , Cheung Ka Chun , Zhang Yiying 
Published: October 2024

AbstractReinsurers may default when they have to pay large claims to insurers but are unable to fulfill their obligations due to various reasons such as catastrophic events, underwriting losses, inadequate capitalization, or financial mismanagement. This paper studies the problem of optimal reinsurance design from the perspectives of both the insurer and reinsurer when the insurer faces the potential default risk of the reinsurer. If the insurer aims to minimize the convex distortion risk measure of his retained loss, we prove the optimality of a stop-loss treaty when the promised ceded loss function is charged by the expected value premium principle and the reinsurer offers partial recovery in the event of default. For any fixed premium loading set by the reinsurer, we then derive the explicit expressions of optimal deductible levels for three special distortion functions, including the TVaR, Gini, and PH transform distortion functions. Under these three explicit distortion risk measures adopted by the insurer, we seek the optimal safety loading for the reinsurer by maximizing her net profit where the reserve capital is determined by the TVaR measure and the cost is governed by the expectation. This procedure ultimately leads to the Bowley solution between the insurer and the reinsurer. We provide several numerical examples to illustrate the theoretical findings. Sensitivity analyses demonstrate how different settings of default probability, recovery rate, and safety loading affect the optimal deductible values. Simulation studies are also implemented to analyze the effects induced by the default probability and recovery rate on the Bowley solution.
Construction of smooth isomorphic and finite-to-one extensions of irrational rotations which are not almost automorphic
Authors: HAUPT LINO , JÄGER TOBIAS 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Due to a result by Glasner and Downarowicz [Isomorphic extensions and applications. Topol. Methods Nonlinear Anal.48(1) (2016), 321–338], it is known that a minimal system is mean equicontinuous if and only if it is an isomorphic extension of its maximal equicontinuous factor. The majority of known examples of this type are almost automorphic, that is, the factor map to the maximal equicontinuous factor is almost one-to-one. The only cases of isomorphic extensions which are not almost automorphic are again due to Glasner and Downarowicz, who in the same article provide a construction of such systems in a rather general topological setting. Here, we use the Anosov–Katok method to provide an alternative route to such examples and to show that these may be realized as smooth skew product diffeomorphisms of the two-torus with an irrational rotation on the base. Moreover – and more importantly – a modification of the construction allows to ensure that lifts of these diffeomorphisms to finite covering spaces provide novel examples of finite-to-one topomorphic extensions of irrational rotations. These are still strictly ergodic and share the same dynamical eigenvalues as the original system, but show an additional singular continuous component of the dynamical spectrum.
Fidaxomicin versus oral vancomycin for Clostridioides difficile infection among patients at high risk for recurrence based on real-world experience
Authors: Pettit Natasha N. , Lew Alison K. , Nguyen Cynthia T. , Bell Elizabeth , Lehmann Christopher J. , Pisano Jennifer 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroduction:Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a common nosocomial infection and is associated with a high healthcare burden due to high rates of recurrence. In 2021 the IDSA/SHEA guideline update recommended fidaxomicin (FDX) as first-line therapy. Our medical center updated our institutional guidelines to follow these recommendations, prioritizing FDX use among patients at high risk for recurrent CDI (rCDI).Methods:This pre- post- quasi-experimental study included patients with a presumptive diagnosis of CDI at risk for recurrence (age >/= 65 years, immunocompromised, severe CDI) that received vancomycin (VAN) or FDX between October 2019 to October 2022. Patients who received bezlotoxumab, had fulminant CDI, or received <10 days of the same antibiotic for their full treatment course were excluded. Patients were evaluated for rCDI within 8 weeks of completion of therapy, subsequent episodes of CDI within 12 months, and CDI-related admissions within 30 days.Results:Of 397 CDI regimens evaluated, 196 received VAN and 201 received FDX. Rates of rCDI (9.2% vs 10%, P = 0.86), subsequent CDI within 12 months of therapy completion of therapy (19.4% vs 26%, P = 0.12) and 30-day CDI-related readmissions (3% vs 4.5%, P = 0.6) were similar between patients who received VAN versus FDX.Conclusion:Outcomes were similar between patients treated with FDX and VAN for the treatment of CDI among those at high risk for rCDI, using our outlined criteria. Although we observed a trend toward lower rates of rCDI among immunocompromised patients, this finding was not significant. Further investigation is needed to determine which patients with CDI may benefit from FDX.
Disclosure and the Evolving Legal Consciousness of Sexual and Gender Minority Central American Unaccompanied Minors
Authors: Tenorio Luis Edward 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Sexual and gender minority (SGM) migrants’ disclosure of their identity or “coming out” has significant stakes. It can facilitate access to resources (institutional disclosure), cultivate intimacy and belonging (social disclosure), or support claims for legal protections (legal disclosure). This article analyzes SGM unaccompanied minors’ disclosures as shaped by the evolution of their legal consciousness in pursuing legal relief and incorporation in the United States. Ethnographic observations and in-depth interviews from 2014–2019 with 11 SGM unaccompanied minors reveal a striking pattern in their disclosure practices. During apprehension and detention, minors engaged in social, institutional, and legal disclosure of their SGM status. However, their interactions with agents from the Departments of Homeland Security and Health and Human Services led them to believe that SGM rights, support, and acceptance were contingent on legal status. Later, upon release from state custody, minors withheld legal disclosure from their deportation proceedings and immigration cases, even against the advisement of their attorneys. They also became more strategic in their social and institutional disclosure across other contexts. Post-legalization, however, minors broadened their disclosure practices and embarked on claims related to their SGM status. This study raises implications for research and policy. By analyzing shifts in legal consciousness over time, how certain experiences become reference points for how immigrants understand the law with respect to their identity and related behaviors are illustrated. It also extends the discussion of the far-reaching implications of SGM punishment and the disadvantages of immigration detention for children and youth.
THEOREM OF WARD ON SYMMETRIES OF ELLIPTIC NETS
Authors: DEWAGHE L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe present a new version of a generalisation to elliptic nets of a theorem of Ward [‘Memoir on elliptic divisibility sequences’, Amer. J. Math.70 (1948), 31–74] on symmetry of elliptic divisibility sequences. Our results cover all that is known today.
A CHARACTERISATION OF SEMIGROUPS WITH ONLY COUNTABLY MANY SUBDIRECT PRODUCTS WITH
$\mathbb {Z}$
Authors: CLAYTON ASHLEY , REILLY CATHERINE , RUŠKUC NIK 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Let

$\mathbb {Z}$

be the additive (semi)group of integers. We prove that for a finite semigroup S the direct product

$\mathbb {Z}\times S$

contains only countably many subdirect products (up to isomorphism) if and only if S is regular. As a corollary we show that

$\mathbb {Z}\times S$

has only countably many subsemigroups (up to isomorphism) if and only if S is completely regular.
Influence of perceived harm due to substance use on the relationships between positive psychotic experiences and suicidal experiences in people with non-affective psychosis
Authors: Gooding Patricia , Harris Kamelia , Duxbury Paula , Pratt Daniel , Huggett Charlotte , Emsley Richard , Awenat Yvonne , Haddock Gillian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe ways in which perceived harm due to substance use affects relationships between psychotic and suicidal experiences are poorly understood. The goal of the current study was to redress this gap by investigating the moderating effects of harm due to substance use on pathways involving positive psychotic symptoms, the perceived cognitive-emotional sequelae of those symptoms, and suicidal ideation.MethodThe design was cross-sectional. Mediation and moderated mediation pathways were tested. The predictor was severity of positive psychotic symptoms. Cognitive interpretative and emotional characteristics of both auditory hallucinations and delusions were mediators. Suicidal ideation was the outcome variable. General symptoms associated with severe mental health problems were statistically controlled for.ResultsThere was evidence of an indirect pathway between positive psychotic symptom severity and suicidal ideation via cognitive interpretation and emotional characteristics of both auditory hallucinations and delusions. Harm due to drug use, but not alcohol use, moderated the indirect pathway involving delusions such that it was most prominent when harm due to drug use was at medium-to-high levels. The components of suicidal ideation that were most strongly affected by this moderated indirect pathway were active intent, passive desire, and lack of deterrents.ConclusionsFrom both scientific and therapy development perspectives, it is important to understand the complex interplay between, not only the presence of auditory hallucinations and delusions, but the ensuing cognitive and emotional consequences of those experiences which, when combined with harm associated with substance use, in particular drug use, can escalate suicidal thoughts and acts.
Socioeconomic inequity in the utilization of healthcare among people with eating disorders in Australia
Authors: Ahmed Moin , Maguire Sarah , Dann Kelly M. , Scheneuer Francisco , Kim Marcellinus , Miskovic-Wheatley Jane , Maloney Danielle , Nassar Natasha , Cunich Michelle 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about socioeconomic equity in access to healthcare among people with eating disorders in Australia. This study aims to measure the extent of inequity in eating disorder-related healthcare utilization, analyze trends, and explore the sources of inequalities using New South Wales (NSW) administrative linked health data for 2005 to 2020.MethodsSocioeconomic inequities were measured using concentration index approach, and decomposition analysis was conducted to explain the factors accounting for inequality. Healthcare utilization included: public inpatient admissions, private inpatient admissions, visits to public mental health outpatient clinics and emergency department visits, with three different measures (probability of visit, total and conditional number of visits) for each outcome.ResultsPrivate hospital admissions due to eating disorders were concentrated among individuals from higher socioeconomic status (SES) from 2005 to 2020. There was no significant inequity in the probability of public hospital admissions for the same period. Public outpatient visits were utilized more by people from lower SES from 2008 to 2020. Emergency department visits were equitable, but more utilized by those from lower SES in 2020.ConclusionsPublic hospital and emergency department services were equitably used by people with eating disorders in NSW, but individuals from high SES were more likely to be admitted to private hospitals for eating disorder care. Use of public hospital outpatient services was higher for those from lower SES. These findings can assist policymakers in understanding the equity of the healthcare system and developing programs to improve fairness in eating disorder-related healthcare in NSW.
Beyond IQ: executive function deficits and their relation to functional, clinical, and neuroimaging outcomes in 3q29 deletion syndrome
Authors: Pollak Rebecca M. , Sefik Esra , Aberizk Katrina , Duan Kuaikuai , Espana Roberto , Guest Ryan M. , Goldman-Yassen Adam E. , Goines Katrina , Novacek Derek M. , Saulnier Celine A. , Klaiman Cheryl , Pulver Stormi , Cubells Joseph F. , Burrell T. Lindsey , Shultz Sarah , Walker Elaine F. , Murphy Melissa M. , Mulle Jennifer G. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground3q29 deletion syndrome (3q29del) is a rare (~1:30 000) genomic disorder associated with a wide array of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric phenotypes. Prior work by our team identified clinically significant executive function (EF) deficits in 47% of individuals with 3q29del; however, the nuances of EF in this population have not been described.MethodsWe used the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) to perform the first in-depth assessment of real-world EF in a cohort of 32 individuals with 3q29del (62.5% male, mean age = 14.5 ± 8.3 years). All participants were also evaluated with gold-standard neuropsychiatric and cognitive assessments. High-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging was performed on a subset of participants (n = 24).ResultsWe found global deficits in EF; individuals with 3q29del scored higher than the population mean on the BRIEF global executive composite (GEC) and all subscales. In total, 81.3% of study subjects (n = 26) scored in the clinical range on at least one BRIEF subscale. BRIEF GEC T scores were higher among 3q29del participants with a diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and BRIEF GEC T scores were associated with schizophrenia spectrum symptoms as measured by the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes. BRIEF GEC T scores were not associated with cognitive ability. The BRIEF-2 ADHD form accurately (sensitivity = 86.7%) classified individuals with 3q29del based on ADHD diagnosis status. BRIEF GEC T scores were correlated with cerebellar white matter and subregional cerebellar cortex volumes.ConclusionsTogether, these data expand our understanding of the phenotypic spectrum of 3q29del and identify EF as a core feature linked to both psychiatric and neuroanatomical features of the syndrome.
The Stuff of Grace
Authors: Gilby Thomas 
Published: October 2024

God is too good to be used or fitted into our human schemes, and loving him above all means a complete outgoing from the frets of our creaturely condition. Nevertheless it does not follow that the workings of grace in us have to material or texture, or, if these are present, then that they hold no theological interest. Hence the title is chosen deliberately.I suppose one of the hydras haunting the spiritual life comes from misunderstanding the all-or-nothing principle. God is recogized as the infinite good, which indeed he is, but this infinity in made both so big and individualized that it elbows out all other goods. This emphatically God does not do, otherwise when we called him creator it would be only of a shadow world. Again, it is feared that if you love things, and especially if you enjoy doing so, you dissipate what should be reserved for him alone.
Seeing adolescents grow from many angles using a multilevel approach: A tribute to the contributions of Dante Cicchetti to the field of developmental psychopathology
Authors: Klimes-Dougan Bonnie , Wiglesworth Andrea , Başgöze Zeynep , Cullen Kathryn R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDante Cicchetti propelled forward the field of developmental psychopathology by advancing this framework and championing new methods, including emphasizing the central role that multilevel analysis holds for explicating pathways of risk and resilience. His work continues to change the face of existing science. It has also paved the way for the formation of new projects, like the Research Domain Criteria initiative. This paper uses our laboratory’s work on multilevel approaches to studying adolescent depression, non-suicidal self-injury, and suicidal thoughts and behaviors to shine a spotlight on Dr Cicchetti’s contributions. In addition, we review recent developments, ongoing challenges, and promising future directions within developmental psychopathology as we endeavor to carry on the tradition of growth in the field.
Psychosocial burden and quality of life of parents with children with univentricular hearts compared to ASD parents and parents of heart-healthy children
Authors: Schonath Monia , Arnold Leonie , Haas Nikolaus A. , Fischer Marcus 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground:Patients with univentricular hearts can only be palliated by a staged surgical procedure that carries a high morbidity and mortality risk. The aim of this study was to examine the emotional demands, psychosocial burden, and quality of life of parents with children with univentricular hearts compared to parents of children with a simple heart defect, those with no heart defect and children with chronic diseases.Methods:An anonymous questionnaire was created to interview parents about their quality of life, stressors, needs, strategies for coping with illness, and partnership satisfaction.Results:73 families participated in the study. Parents of children with univentricular hearts experience a significantly higher psychosocial burden, limitations in daily life, and distress in family interactions, as well as greater emotional distress compared to the other study groups. When comparing the families of children with other chronic diseases (e.g. cystic fibrosis, chronic arthritis and diabetes), these differences remained significant.Conclusion:The study confirms a higher psychosocial burden, restrictions in daily life and a lower quality of life of parents with children with univentricular hearts, compared to parents of children with simple heart defects and parents of heart-healthy children or those with other chronic diseases. Since this condition persists until adolescence and adulthood, the families are exposed to special challenges and stresses throughout their lives. This has yet to be adequately addressed in the management of these families.
Implementation and analysis of clinic administered behavioural health screen in an outpatient paediatric cardiology clinic
Authors: Brosbe Micah S. , Zegelbone Phillip , Radtke Sarah , de la Uz Caridad 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPrevious studies investigating behavioural health screening processes have focused on selected diagnoses within paediatric cardiology and focused on a smaller number of potential concerns. We developed and administered a brief survey in our paediatric heart centre to assess the presence of a wider variety of behavioural health concerns and to connect patients with resources. A cohort of 305 patients aged 2–29 years (M = 11.97 years; SD = 6.00 years; 50.49% female), representing a variety of indications for a cardiology clinic visit, or a parent, completed a survey of 14 common behavioural health concerns. Behavioural health concerns were included based on practice patterns within paediatric psychology. Respondents indicated if they were currently receiving behavioural health services and if they were interested in behavioural health follow-up. Surveys were administered during check in and collected by clinic staff. A behavioural health provider attempted to reach all those who indicated interest by phone. Approximately 45% of the sample endorsed one or more behavioural health concerns and 30.16% of the sample endorsed at least one concern but were not already connected to services. Only 27.17% of this group requested follow-up. Most commonly endorsed concerns were anxiety, sleep problems, depressed/irritable mood, and somatic complaints. Survey results converge with existing literature to indicate that behavioural health concerns are common among youth seen in a paediatric cardiology clinic but most patients are not connected to appropriate services. Screening programmes can help meet this need but challenges remain. Clinical implications and future directions are discussed.
Kant on Remorse, Conversion, and the Descent into the Hell of Self-Cognition
Authors: Vilhauer Benjamin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractKant’s conception of remorse has received little discussion in the literature. I argue that he thinks we ought to experience remorse for both retributivist and forward-looking reasons. This account casts helpful light on his ideas of conversion and the descent into the hell of self-cognition. But while he prescribes a heartbreakingly painful experience of remorse, he acknowledges that excess remorse can threaten rational agency through distraction and suicide, and this raises questions about whether actual human beings ought to cultivate their consciences in such a way as to experience remorse in the way he conceives it.