bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Group Investigation (GI) Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Pada Materi Peluang Kelas X MIPA
Authors: Hija Alvia , Nirawati Resy , Prihatiningtyas Nindy Citroresmi 
Published: October 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran <em>group investigation</em> (GI) terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa pada materi peluang kelas X MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Singkawang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian <em>true experiment</em> dengan desain penelitian <em>posttest only control group design</em>. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Singkawang, dan pengambilan dengan teknik <em>simple random sampling</em>. Kelas yang dijadikan sampel adalah kelas X MIPA 2 sebagai kelas eksperimen yang diberikan pembelajaran model <em>group investigation</em> (GI), dan X MIPA 3 sebagai kelas kontrol yang diberikan pembelajaran konvensional. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji-t dua sampel dan <em>effect size</em>. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan : (1) data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan uji-t dua sampel diperoleh t_hitung= 7,61, sedangkan t_tabel pada taraf signifikan 5% dengan dk = 66 adalah 1,67 sehingga t_hitung&gt; t_tabel. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa kelas yang diberikan model pembelajaran yang diberikan pembelajaran model GI lebih baik dibanding kelas yang diberikan pembelajaran konvensional. Dengan menggunakan uji <em>effect size</em> diperoleh nilai ES= 1,305 &gt; 0,8 dengan kategori tinggi, sehingga menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran GI berpengaruh besar terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa pada materi peluang kelas X MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Singkawang; (2) hasil perhitungan aktivitas siswa diperoleh rata-rata sebesar 84,31% dengan kategori sangat aktif; (3)respon siswa terhadap model pembelajaran GI pada materi peluang sebesar 77,94% maka dapat dikategorikan kuat.
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Group Investigation (GI) Berbantuan Alat Peraga Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematika
Authors: Pranata Ella 
Published: October 2017

Beberapa aspek yang perlu dikembangkan dalam pembelajaran matematika, diantaranya adalah pemahaman konsep, pemecahan masalah serta penalaran dan komunikasi.Pemahaman konsep adalah kemampuan untuk memahami, memaknai, mengidentifikasi, serta mampu menjelaskan kembali konsep tersebut secara terperinci. Indikator pemahaman konsep yang akan dikaji dalam penelitian ini untuk menyatakan peserta didik yang telah memahami suatu konsep adalah (1) menyatakan ulang sebuah konsep, (2) mengklasifikasikan objek-objek menurut sifat-sifat tertentu, (3) memberikan contoh dan non contoh suatu konsep, (4) menyajikan konsep dalam bentuk representasi matematis, (5) mengembangkan syarat perlu dan syarat cukup suatu konsep, (6) menggunakan, memamfaatkan dan memilih prosedur atau operasi tertentu dan (7) mengklasifikasikan konsep atau algoritma pemecahan masalah. Untuk mengembangkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep diperlukan model pembelajaran yang tepat.Salah satu model pembelajaran yang tepat meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep adalah model pembelajaran Group Investigation(GI). Model pembelajaran Group Investigation (GI)adalah model pembelajaran berkelompok yang melibatkan peserta didik secara aktif melakukan penyelidikan. Dalam model pembelajaran ini, peserta didik diharapkan dapat memahami kajian materi yang bersifat abstrak, sehingga dapat membantu peserta didik memahami suatu konsep. Selain itu alat peraga dalam mengajar memegang peranan penting sebagai alat bantu untuk menciptakan proses belajar mengajar yang efektif. Alat peraga dalam pembelajaran adalah segala benda yang dirancang sedemikian rupa dan sengaja dipersiapkan untuk digunakan untuk memahami sebuah konsep. Dengan mengimplementasikan model pembelajaran Group Investigation berbantuan alat peraga, kemampuan pemahaman peserta didik akan meningkat.
Kemampuan Literasi Matematis Space And Shape Dan Kemandirian Siswa SMA Pada Discovery Learning Berpendekatan RME-PISA
Authors: Babys Urni 
Published: October 2017

Rendahnya kemampuan literasi matematis siswa di Indonesia mengakibatkan peringkat Indonesia pada tes PISA rendah. Hal ini juga diakibatkan karena kurangnya kemandirian siswa dalam belajar di kelas, pembelajaran yang berpusat pada guru sehingga siswa pasif dan hanya menerima informasi dari guru membuat siswa mudah lupa materi yang diajarkan terutama materi bangun ruang yang masih sangat abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi apakah kemampuan literasi matematis dan kemandirian siswa yang diajar dengan model <em>Discovery Learning</em> berpendekatan RME –PISA tuntas secara klasikal dan lebih baik daripada kemampuan literasi matematis dan kemandirian siswa yang diajar menggunakan model RME dan lebih baik daripada siswa yang diajar secara ekspositori. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian semu yang menggunakan desain <em>pretest-posttest control group</em>. Data kemampuan literasi matematis dikumpulkan melalui tes kemampuan literasi matematis pada materi jarak dalam ruang dimensi tiga dengan soal-soal setara tes PISA, sedang data kemandirian siswa dikumpulkan dari hasil observasi selama proses pembelajaran. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan literasi matematis dan kemandirian siswa yang diajar dengan model <em>Discovery Learning </em>berpendekatan RME –PISA tuntas secara klasikal dan lebih baik daripada siswa yang diajar dengan model RME, lebih baik daripada siswa yang diajar secara ekspositori.
Pengaruh Kecerdasan Emosional Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Pada Materi Sudut Dan Garis Di Kelas VII MTs Normal Islam Samarinda
Authors: Sukriadi Sukriadi , Basir Abdul , Rusdiana Rusdiana 
Published: October 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kecerdasan emosional terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa pada materi sudut dan garis di kelas VII Mts. Normal Islam Samarinda. Jenis penelitian ini adalah <em>ex post facto</em> dan, teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik <em>proporsional random sampling</em> dengan sampel sebanyak 132 siswa. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket kecerdasan emosional, dan tes hasil belajar matematika. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan regresi linier sederhana dengan taraf signifikan 5%. Berdasarkan perhitungan analisis deskriptif, nilai rata-rata dari data kecerdasan emosional siswa sebesar 178,41 hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kecerdasan emosional siswa kelas VII MTs. Normal Islam Samarinda pada kategori tinggi. Untuk nilai rata-rata dari hasil belajar matematika siswa adalah 65,33 hal ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar kelas VII Mts. Normal Islam Samarinda pada kategori sedang. Dari hasil analisis inferensial menggunakan regresi linier sederhana, diperoleh persamaan penduga Ŷ = -32,736 + 0,550X. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh t<sub>hit </sub> = 19,631; t<sub>tabel</sub>= 1,645 dan p = 0,000, diperoleh nilai t<sub>hit</sub> lebih dari t<sub>tabel</sub> yaitu 19,631&gt; 1,645 dan taraf signifikansi statistik kurang dari taraf signifikansi penguji α = 0,05 maka persamaan regresi penduga yang diperoleh adalah berarti pada taraf signifikan 5%, sehingga terdapat pengaruh kecerdasan emosional terhadap hasil belajar matematika. R<sup>2</sup> = 0,748 menunjukkan bahwa 74,8% hasil belajar matematika siswa dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel kecerdasan emosional. Dengan demikian, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara kecerdasan emosional terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa di kelas VII MTs. Normal Islam Samarinda.
Pengaruh Strategi Pembelajaran Inkuiri (SPI)Terhadap Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 18 Singkawang
Authors: Buyung Buyung , Nirawati Ressy , Kusumawati Intan 
Published: October 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas belajar siswa melalui SPI pada materi persamaan garis lurus, mengetahui pengaruh SPI terhadap peningkatan kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa pada persamaan garis lurus, mengetahui respon siswa melalui SPI pada persamaan garis lurus. Penelitian ini diadakan pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 18 Singkawang , penelitian ini menggunakan pre eksperimental. Rancangan <em>one grup pre-test post-test design</em>. Rancangan ini pertama dilakukan pengukuran berupa <em>pre-test </em>kemudian diberikan perlakuan dengan jangka waktu tertentu, kemudian dilakukan pengukuran berupa <em>post-test</em>. Instrumen tes berupa tes <em>essay</em> yang telah diujicobakan, reliabilitas sebesar 0,45 dengan kriteria sedang. Berdasarkan perbandingan hasil tes awal (<em>pre-test</em>) sebelum perlakuan dan hasil tes akhir (<em>post-test</em>) setelah diberikan perlakuan dengan menggunakan SPI, ditemukan bahwa hasil <em>post-test</em> lebih tinggi dari hasil <em>pre-test</em> yaitu dari rata-rata 34,26 dan 63,04. Hasil perhitungan untuk lembar pengamatan aktivitas diperoleh persentase perilaku siswa aktif lebih besar dari pada siswa yang pasif (83,95% &gt; 15,61%). Hasil analisis terhadap respon siswa diperoleh jumlah persentase siswa yang memilih SS (Sangat setuju) dan S (setuju) lebih besar dari siswa yang memilih R (Ragu), TS (tidak setuju) dan STS (sangat tidak setuju) yaitu (84,71% &gt; 15,27%). Respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran dengan SPI positif. Berdasarkan uraian yang telah dikemukakan, pembelajaran dengan menggunakan SPI pada materi persamaan garis lurus bagi siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 18 Singkawang terdapat peningkatan kemampuan pemahaman konsep, aktivitas baik dan respon siswa terhadap SPI adalah positif (senang).
Trainee Characteristics and Transfer of Training: Effect of Supervisory Support (A Study of Public Managers in Nepal)
Authors: Singh Seema 
Published: October 2017

The significance of transfer of training to organizations has been recognized by researchers and managers alike, and the factors affecting the transfer have been the subject of many research studies in the West. Considering the recent growth in training investment and coverage in public enterprises in Nepal without corresponding impact on their performance, the issue of transfer of training has gained importance in our context. This study examines the effect of trainee characteristics, viz.: perceived content validity, learning transfer motivation, and self-efficacy on the level of training transfer and the role of supervisory support in this relationship in the context of Nepali public enterprises. Due to the non-availability of total population, the non-probability sampling method, specifically, quota sampling was used for selecting organizations, and then, managers meeting the pre-defined criteria, were selected for the study. Two hundred ninety-one officials from nine public enterprises participated in the survey. The findings suggest that level of transfer of training is moderate, and two trainee characteristics, viz.: learning transfer motivation and content validity, positively and significantly affect transfer of training whereas self-efficacy does not have such effect. Supervisory support moderates the relationship between content validity and transfer of training but not between learning transfer motivation and transfer of training. Managerial and research implications of the findings are discussed.
Bioethical Principals In The Conduct Of Doctors
Authors: Ribeiro Dilza Teresinha Ambrós , Gallo José Hiran , Rêgo Guilhermina 
Published: October 2017

Objective: The present study aims gather further information towards the practice of medicine, particularly regarding bioethical principles, which are essential for the full and correct medical practice all over the world.
Method: This study is a theoretical essay on the bioethical principles related to the professional activity of medical doctors. Therefore, it was carried out a non-systematic review of the literature, which allows a critical analysis of this issue.
Results: Through considering the theoretical guidelines there is a close relationship between the principle of respect for persons and human dignity itself. Also the results of this study suggest that respect for persons, namely personal autonomy, is steadily protected by means of constitutional and infra-constitutional norms.
Conclusion: For these principles to be effective it is indispensable to have common efforts between the political power and overall society, so that public policies may be implemented to favor patients in the healthcare setting. Also the continuous training of physicians is needed for an adequate application of universal bioethical principles.
Wage Premiums Across the Rural-Urban Continuum: What Constitutes a “Good Job”?
Authors: Bounds Bonnie Elizabeth 
Published: October 2017

Much like how beauty is in the eye of the beholder, there is no single definition of what constitutes a “good job.” What makes a given job “good” in relation to other jobs can differ in rural vs. urban areas: a job that pays relatively well compared to other available jobs in a rural area may not compare as favorably in more urbanized areas, and vice versa. While plenty of research has been done regarding wage differences in urban and rural areas, most studies have focused on how wages vary across the urban-rural continuum within specific jobs, with relatively little attention paid to how wage premiums can vary across occupations within particular communities. This study examines variations in wage premiums across five major occupational categories in metropolitan, micropolitan, and noncore US counties and tests whether population size and levels of education are good predictors of wage premiums in each size class. The results indicate that certain categories of occupations do pay relatively better or worse according to the degree of rurality, although population size and education were not exceptionally good at predicting wage premiums.
An Instability Phenomenon in Hele-Shaw Displacements
Authors: Pasa Gelu 
Published: October 2017

We study the linear instability of the displacement of an Oldroyd-B fluid by air in a Hele-Shaw cell, motivated by possible applications in Secondary Oil Recovery (SOR) process. Most numerical methodshave usually failed when the Weissenberg numbers $W_i$ (appearing in the constitutive relations) are near 1. We get an approximate formula of the growth rate with a blow-up for some particular $W_i =O(1)$. Therefore the instability at large Weissenberg numbers is due to the model, and not to the computational methods. Our growth rate is quite similar to Saffman-Taylor's formula (obtained when a Newtonian liquid is displaced by air) if $W_1=W_2$.
Unified Spectrum of Tropical Rainfall and Waves in a Simple Stochastic Model
Authors: Stechmann Samuel N. , Hottovy Scott 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn the tropics, rainfall is coupled with atmospheric dynamics in ways that are not fully understood, and often different mechanisms are proposed to underlie different modes of variability. Here it is shown that a unified model with a simple form can produce many different modes of variability. In particular, this includes the Madden‐Julian Oscillation and convectively coupled equatorial waves. The model predicts the length scales, time scales, structures, and spatiotemporal variability of these modes reasonably well for a simple model. Furthermore, the model produces a background spectrum of rainfall that resembles spatiotemporal red noise and is only weakly coupled with wave dynamics. The full spectrum is also shown to be shaped by antiresonance, whereby rainfall oscillations are prevented from occurring at the oscillation frequencies of dry waves. To produce all of these aspects simultaneously, a key factor is differing roles of lower and middle tropospheric water vapor.
Cold Ion Outflow Modulated by the Solar Wind Energy Input and Tilt of the Geomagnetic Dipole
Authors: Li Kun , Wei Y. , André M. , Eriksson A. , Haaland S. , Kronberg E. A. , Nilsson H. , Maes L. , Rong Z. J. , Wan W. X. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe solar wind energy input into the Earth's magnetosphere‐ionosphere system drives ionospheric outflow, which plays an important role in both the magnetospheric dynamics and evolution of the atmosphere. However, little is known about the cold ion outflow with energies lower than a few tens of eV, as the direct measurement of cold ions is difficult because a spacecraft gains a positive electric charge due to the photoemission effect, which prevents cold ions from reaching the onboard detectors. A recent breakthrough in the measurement technique using Cluster spacecraft revealed that cold ions dominate the ion population in the magnetosphere. This new technique yields a comprehensive data set containing measurements of the velocities and densities of cold ions for the years 2001–2010. In this paper, this data set is used to analyze the cold ion outflow from the ionosphere. We found that about 0.1% of the solar wind energy input is transformed to the kinetic energy of cold ion outflow at the topside ionosphere. We also found that the geomagnetic dipole tilt can significantly affect the density of cold ion outflow, modulating the outflow rate of cold ion kinetic energy. These results give us clues to study the evolution of ionospheric outflow with changing global magnetic field and solar wind condition in the history.
Causes and Consequences of Diachronous V‐Shaped Ridges in the North Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Parnell‐Turner Ross , White Nicky , Henstock Timothy J. , Jones Stephen M. , Maclennan John , Murton Bramley J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn the North Atlantic Ocean, the geometry of diachronous V‐shaped features that straddle the Reykjanes Ridge is often attributed to thermal pulses which advect away from the center of the Iceland plume. Recently, two alternative hypotheses have been proposed: rift propagation and buoyant mantle upwelling. Here we evaluate these different proposals using basin‐wide geophysical and geochemical observations. The centerpiece of our analysis is a pair of seismic reflection profiles oriented parallel to flow lines that span the North Atlantic Ocean. V‐shaped ridges and troughs are mapped on both Neogene and Paleogene oceanic crust, enabling a detailed chronology of activity to be established for the last 50 million years. Estimates of the cumulative horizontal displacement across normal faults help to discriminate between brittle and magmatic modes of plate separation, suggesting that crustal architecture is sensitive to the changing planform of the plume. Water‐loaded residual depth measurements are used to estimate crustal thickness and to infer mantle potential temperature which varies by ±25°C on timescales of 3–8 Ma. This variation is consistent with the range of temperatures inferred from geochemical modeling of dredged basaltic rocks along the ridge axis itself, from changes in Neogene deep‐water circulation, and from the regional record of episodic Cenozoic magmatism. We conclude that radial propagation of transient thermal anomalies within an asthenospheric channel that is 150 ± 50 km thick best accounts for the available geophysical and geochemical observations.
Ra Tracer‐Based Study of Submarine Groundwater Discharge and Associated Nutrient Fluxes into the Bohai Sea, China: A Highly Human‐Affected Marginal Sea
Authors: Liu Jianan , Du Jinzhou , Yi Lixin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNutrient concentrations in coastal bays and estuaries are strongly influenced by not only riverine input but also submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). Here we estimate the SGD and the fluxes of the associated dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), phosphorus (DIP), and silicon (DSi) into the Bohai Sea based on a 226Ra and 228Ra mass balance model. This procedure shows that in the Bohai Sea the average radium activities (dpm 100 L−1) are 42.8 ± 6.3 (226Ra) and 212 ± 41.7 (228Ra) for the surface water and 43.0 ± 6.1 (226Ra) and 216 ± 38.4 (228Ra) for the near‐bottom water. According to the 228Ra/226Ra age model, the residence time in the Bohai Sea is calculated to be 1.7 ± 0.8 yrs. The mass balance of 226Ra and 228Ra suggests that the yearly SGD flux into the whole Bohai Sea is (2.0 ± 1.3) × 1011 m3 yr−1, of which the percentage of submarine fresh groundwater discharge (SFGD) to the total SGD is approximately (5.1 ± 4.1)%. However, the DIN and DSi fluxes from SFGD constitute 29% and 10%, respectively, of the total fluxes from the SGD. Moreover, nutrient loads, which exhibit high DIN/DIP from SGD, especially the SFGD, may substantially contribute to the nutrient supplies, resulting in the occurrence of red tide in the Bohai Sea.
Toward Understanding the Diverse Impacts of Air‐Sea Interactions on MJO Simulations
Authors: Fu Joshua‐Xiouhua , Wang Wanqiu , Shinoda Toshiaki , Ren Hong‐Li , Jia Xiaolong 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe role of air‐sea interactions on MJO simulations has long been recognized. However, the reasons for the variation of the impacts of air‐sea coupling among different models are still elusive. In this study, we used NCEP GFS under different cumulus schemes and SST conditions to explore this issue. We focused on the Oct‐MJO and Nov‐MJO during the DYNAMO IOP. We show that the effects of SST‐feedback on MJO simulations not only vary between these two MJO events, but are also very sensitive to the specifics of cumulus schemes and intraseasonal SST forcing. The Oct‐MJO basically reinvigorates over Indian Ocean in association with the arrival of global circumnavigating mode. The Nov‐MJO is largely reinvigorated by a robust intraseasonal SST anomaly over Indian Ocean. We found that SST‐feedback is crucial for the existence of the Nov‐MJO, but has little effect on the Oct‐MJO. This finding raises the possibility that the occurrence of some MJO events may be rooted in air‐sea interactions. These results suggest that the diverse impacts of air‐sea coupling on MJO simulations can be attributed to at least the following three potential causes: (i) diverse responses of ocean to individual MJO events in nature; (ii) diverse behaviors of various cumulus parameterizations; and (iii) diverse intraseasonal SST anomalies in coupled models. Either a too weak internal MJO mode in atmospheric models or a too weak intraseasonal SST anomaly in coupled models would lead to the underestimation of the impacts of air‐sea coupling on MJO simulations.
The Evolution of Juventae Chasma, Valles Marineris, Mars: Progressive Collapse and Sedimentation
Authors: Fueten F. , Novakovic N. , Stesky R. , Flahaut J. , Hauber E. , Rossi A. P. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractJuventae Chasma is an isolated chasm located north of the interconnected chasms within Valles Marineris. It contains four separate interior layered deposit (ILD) mounds. We have combined layer measurements, as well as mineralogical data of the mounds with topographic data of the remaining chasm and the surrounding plateau. Our observations indicate that the chasm underwent a complex geological history. We suggest that individual ILD mounds are not contemporaneous with each other and a series of progressive collapses enlarged an initially smaller chasm to its current shape. ILDs were deposited in a lacustrine setting, and the time of ILD deposition was limited. Basin collapse and chasm enlargement continued beyond the time of ILD deposition and thus were not driven by sediment load. Glacial processes appear to have played a role in the late, postlacustrine history of the chasm. We present a simplified model that highlights some of the complexity of the chasm evolution, but acknowledge that the true history is undoubtedly more complicated.