bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epigenetics of ecological niches
Authors: Tikhonovich Igor A , Provorov Nikolay A 
Published: September 2017

The development of symbioses ensures formation of the super-organism systems for heredity (symbiogenomes) which represent the products of joint adaptations of partners towards an unfavorable environment. Using the examples of symbioses which enable plants and microorganisms to cooperatively overcome the limitations in the major biogenic elements (C, N, P) or impacts of the biotic and abiotic stresses we demonstrate that symbiosis involves not only the de novo formation (epigenesis) by plant of the ecological niches for hosting the microsymbionts, but also the reorganizations of relevant genetic systems in accordance to the partners’ genotypes and environmental conditions. A possibility to address the ongoing processes in terms of epigenetics is evident when the microsymbionts occurring in the novel niches are included into the host reproduction cycle ensuring a stable maintenance of novel adaptation in the next generations suggesting that the newly formed symbiogenome have acquired the properties of a system for inheritance of the newly acquired adaptive traits.
POPULATION ANTAGONISM IN THE YEASTS SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCES POMBE
Authors: Kondrateva Vera I , Naumov Gennadiy I 
Published: September 2017

Using the new yeast Schizosaccharomyces kambucha nom. nud. and genetic lines, widely explored in different laboratories, we continue the investigation of the phenomenon of ascospore death in interstrain hybrids of Sch. pombe. All interstrain hybrids were sterile when analyzed by a micromanipulator. However random spore analysis revealed recombination of control markers, suggesting assignment of the strains studied to the same biological species Sch. pombe. Possible causes of hybrid ascospores death are discussed. The population antagonism of the yeast Sch. pombe should be taken into account in taxonomic studies.
Molecular markers for plant species identification and phylogenetics
Authors: Matveeva Tatyana V , Pavlova Olga A , Bogomaz Denis I , Demkovich Andrey E , Lutova Ludmila A 
Published: September 2017

In this review we summarized the information on application of molecular markers for plant species identification and phylogenetics: positive sides and limitations of main markers, representing sequencing data of taxonomically important chloroplast and nuclear DNA regions. Markers, based on polymorphism of PCR and restriction products, are also discussed as accessorial markers in phylogenetic studies.
The role of DNA polymerase alpha in the control of mutagenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells starved for nutrients
Authors: Babudri Nora , Achilli Alessandro , Martinelli Chiara , Moore Elizabeth , Lancioni Hovirag , Pavlov Yuri I 
Published: September 2017

In nature, microorganisms experience numerous environmental stresses and generally grow poorly most of the time. In the last two decades it has become evident that mutations arise not only in actively dividing cells but also in nonreplicating or slowly replicating cells starved for nutrients. In yeast, precise base selection and proofreading by replicative DNA polymerases δ and ε keep starvation-associated mutagenesis (SAM) at basal levels. Less is known about the role of replicative DNA polymerase α (Pol α). Here we provide evidence that Pol α is involved in the control of SAM in yeast cells starved for adenine by participation in sporadic replication and/or DNA repair under these conditions.
DNA Repeats in Bacterial Genome and Intracellular Activity of Homologous Recombinase
Authors: Ilatovsky Andrey V , Lanzov Vladislav A 
Published: September 2017

In present work distribution of perfect direct and inverted repeats in a set of bacterial genomes was analysed. Complementary cumulative distribution functions of repeat frequency for 36 bacterial strains are nonrandom and have certain characteristic features. Inverse relation of direct repeats frequency to recombinogenic activity is shown for reference E. сoli К-12 strain and P. aeruginosa strain with hyperrecombinogenic RecA protein. In general, direct repeat frequency is higher in nonpathogenic strains than that in pathogens.
Genetic description of root nodule bacteria of Lathyrus species growing in the territory of Republic Bashkortostan
Authors: - - , Ptitsyn Konstantin G , Muldashev Albert A , Baymiev Aleksei K 
Published: September 2017

The genetic diversity and phylogeny of rhizobia isolated from nodules of 9 wild-growing Lathyrus L. species (Fabaceae) growing in Republic Bashkortostan were studied. It is shown that for the given plants is characteristic that the big variety of heterogeneous strains of root nodule bacteria. Nevertheless, it is revealed that the majority of them in phylogenetics are closely related to Rhizobium leguminosarum. However, some plant species are found out also nodule bacteria which were considered earlier unusual for Lathyrus. So, L. vernus L. Bernh. and L. sylvestris L. are found out a root nodule bacteria close to R. tropici, L. palustris L. — Agrobacterium sp., and L. gmelinii Fritsch all isolated with us bacteria from root nodules by the sequence of genes of 16S рРНК have appeared are closely related to Phyllobacterium myrsinacearum.
Molecular analysis of genetic polymorphism and phylogenetic relationships in Ribes L.
Authors: Pikunova Anna V , Martirosyan Elena V , Knyazev Sergey D , Ryzhova Natalia N 
Published: September 2017

The RAPD analysis have been used to study genome polymorphism and phylogenetic relationships in genus Ribes L. Levels of interspecific, intraspecific and intercultivars genome diversity have been evaluated. Revealed polymorphism allows the recognition of closely related cultivars. Genotype-specific RAPD fragments and also group-specific fragments have been identified. Hybrids between blackcurrant and gooseberry have shown more similarity with blackcurrant. Calculated similarity coefficients and dendrogram topology support the genus classifications that recognize equal independent taxonomic level of blackcurrant, redcurrant and gooseberry with genus Ribes L.
Geograpahic distribution of allele frequencies of alcohol metabolism genes and possible determinants of inter population diversity in human
Authors: Borinskaya Svetlana A , - - , Kalina Nina R , Shirmanov Vyacheslav I , Koshechkin Vladimir A , Yankovsky Nikolay K 
Published: September 2017

ADH1B and ALDH2 genes are coding for key alcohol metabolism enzymes. Both allele ADH1B*Arg48His and ALDH2*504Lys are associated with lower alcohol consumption level. The allele frequencies were determined for rather few populations of Russia. The article presents аn updated review on the allele frequencies worldwide including the data for populations of Russia which were determined by our lab in recent years. Possible role of factors influencing the peculiarities of ADH1B*48His and ALDH2*504Lys allele frequencies geographic distribution are being discussed.
Anti-mutagenic action of synthetic “epitalon” peptide in mice with different body colour
Authors: Mylnikov Sergey V , Pavlova Natalia V , Barabanova Larisa V 
Published: September 2017

Epitalon demonstrate differences in antimutagenic activity after cyclophosphamide injection in mice. We demonstarted protection effects in white mice, but not in grey ones. Those effects may be explained by different neuro-humoral status and stress-resistance of the animals.
A community grounded HIA: The benefits of conducting a HIA during the Airds Bradbury Estate Redevelopment
Authors: Jaques Karla , Haigh Fiona , Thorn Michael 
Published: September 2017

<p>Background</p><p>This paper identifies and discusses the benefits of taking a ‘community grounded’ approach to HIA in the context of a place based urban renewal setting and reflect on whether this is a useful approach for people and organisations wishing to undertake HIA’s in similar settings. The HIA was on the redevelopment of the suburban town centre and focussed on the creation of a new multipurpose centre, improvements to a manmade pond and the relocation of sporting fields found in the area. The HIA team aimed to explore what the planned redevelopment of the local town centre area would mean for the local community and its potential health impacts upon residents.</p><p> </p><p>Methods</p><p>The HIA followed the standard HIA steps. The HIA team took a community grounded approach where particular focus was give to engaging community members in the HIA process. This included community members being involved in the HIA working group, reference group and providing evidence for the HIA.</p><p> </p><p>Results</p><p>The HIA report contained a series of recommendations for the redevelopment of the Airds Bradbury estate. These recommendations were presented to the Community Reference Group and were adopted by various stakeholders.</p><p> </p><p>Conclusions</p><p> </p><p>The community grounded approach influenced both how the HIA was carried out, the decisions that were made within the HIA and ultimately the finidings and recomendations. The HIA of this latest stage of the Airds-Bradbury estate redevelopment was a useful project to encourage further collaboration, dialogue and planning between redevelopment agencies, Local Government, and residents of the Airds Bradbury social housing estate.</p><p> </p>
Case control study of nucleated RBC’s in cord blood as a predictor of perinatal asphyxia its severity and outcome
Authors: Khurana Mandeep Singh , Arora Sunita , Malik Supriya , Gulati Jasgobind Singh 
Published: September 2017

Background: Perinatal asphyxia word derived from the greek word a-spyxos, meaning born without an evident pulse, is one of the most important causes of fetal distress. Inspite of major advances in technology and knowledge of fetal and perinatal medicine, it is one of the significant causes of mortality and long-term morbidity. World health organization (WHO) has defined perinatal asphyxia as a failure to initiate and sustain breathing at birth. HIE is one of the most common complication in an asphyxiated neonate because of its serious longterm neuromotor sequalae among the survivors. A detailed classification of HIE staging in term neonate was proposed by Sarnat and Sarnat.Methods: The present study was prospective case control study conducted in neonatal intensive care unit of Department of Pediatrics at SGRD institute of medical sciences and research over a period of one year from September 2016 to august 2017. Total of 100 newborns among which 50 asphyxiated babies were designated to case group and rest 50 normal term babies to control group. The NRBC count of the case and control groups is compared. The NRBC’s of subjects belonging to different stages of HIE is then compared. The results were analysed statistically chi-square analysis for variance (qualitative analysis), t-test (compare mean NRBC’s in different stages) by SPSS version 20 software for biostatistic and p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Among total 100 babies included in the study, the male and female distribution was 22 (44%) and 28 (56%) in cases and 23 (46%) and 27 (54%) in controls respectively. In our study, the NRBC /100 WBC count for normal newborn was 0.88±1.35 and in case group it was 21.40±20.Conclusions: In present study, the cord blood NRBC count was shown to be a good predictor of perinatal asphyxia with sensitivity of 86%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100% and negative predictive value of 87.72%. NRBC’s can be used for early detection of HIE and its grading in asphyxiated neonates.
Dexamethasone as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in brachial plexus block in upper limb surgery
Authors: Engineer Smita R. , Patel Rahul , Bishnoi Abhinav , Umrigar Chetna M. 
Published: September 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Supraclavicular brachial plexus block is widely used for surgery below shoulder joint. Adding adjuvant to local anesthetic drugs enhance the duration of block as well as postoperative analgesia. Dexamethasone very potent glucocorticoid when added to local significantly prolongs the duration of analgesia</span>.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">This randomized, single blind, controlled study include 100 patients of either sex, aged 18–60 years, ASA status I–III, undergoing upper limb surgery were randomly allocated to receive either 0.375% 30 cc bupivacaine with 2 ml normal saline (group C, n=50) or 0.375% bupivacaine with 2 ml (8 mg) dexamethasone (group D, n=50). The observed parameters include onset and duration of motor and sensory block, duration of effective analgesia any side effects and hemodynamic (pulse rate, NIBP, SpO2). </span><span lang="EN-IN"> </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Mean onset time of sensory and motor block in group C was significantly longer as compared to group D. (p&lt;0.0001) The duration of sensory and motor blockade was significantly prolonged in group D compared to group C. (p&lt;0.0001) The duration of effective analgesia was also significantly prolonged in group D (931.2±69.88 mins) compared to group C (454.8±34.47 mins) (p&lt;0.0001)</span>.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Addition of dexamethasone to 0.375% bupivacaine in brachial plexus block speeds the onset and prolongs the duration of sensory and motor blockade. It also prolongs the duration of effective analgesia. </span></p>
A rare case of male Turner syndrome for penetrating keratoplasty
Authors: Ravishankar Shobha 
Published: September 2017

<p class="abstract"><span lang="EN-IN">Turner syndrome (TS) is a complex genetic disorder. These abnormalities especially those relating to the airway and cardiovascular system, pose a challenge to the anaesthesiologist. The main anatomo-physiological changes pertaining to the anaesthesiologist include a short neck, maxillary and mandibular hypoplasia which might be responsible for difficult airway. The shorter length of trachea as well as higher location of its bifurcation predispose to bronchial intubation and accidental endotracheal extubation when tracheal cannula is under traction. The presence of cardiopathies, endocrine and gastro intestinal disorders, liver and kidney changes as well as osteoarticular involvement besides ophthalmologic and hearing impairments are very frequent and should be detected during pre-anaesthetic evaluation. The incidence of TS is variously reported as 1:3000 to 1:10000 live (female) births. Very few cases of male turner have been reported in literature</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Rousseau's Ethics of Truth: a sublime science of simple souls
Authors: Neildleman Jason 
Published: September 2017

ROUSSEAU’S ETHICS OF TRUTH - A SUBLIME SCIENCE
OF SIMPLE SOULS

Resumo: este artigo é um resumo do livro com o mesmo título, publicado pelas edições da Routledge, nos Estados Unidos. Tanto no livro quanto neste artigo, o autor pretende discutir a coerência dos textos de Rousseau, na qual é possível prospectar uma "ética da verdade" cujo objetivo seja alcançar um vínculo de comunhão com as pessoas e com as coisas. O autor tenta ainda discutir as implicações da ética da verdade de Rousseau sobre o nosso sentido de si mesmo e o sentido de existência no mundo.

Palavras-chave: Rousseau. Ética. Verdade. Filosofia.

Abstract: This paper is a summary of the book published by Routledge in the United States. The author aims to discuss the coherence of Rousseau’s texts thought which it is possible to prospect an “ethics of truth”, so to achieve a communion bond with people and things. The author tries also to discuss the implications of Rousseau’s ethics of truth on our sense of self and the implications in the real existence in the world.

Keywords: Rousseau. Ethics. Truth. Philosophy.
Del referéndum a la secesión – El proceso quebequense de acceso a la soberanía y las lecciones aprendidas con respecto a la autodeterminación = From referendum to secession – The Québécois process of accession to sovereignty and its teachings with respect to self-determination
Authors: Guénette Dave , Gagnon Alain-G. 
Published: September 2017

Resumen: Como resultado de los dos referenda sobre la soberanía en 1980 y 1995, Quebec se ha convertido en un caso clave entre el resto de democracias occidentales. Se trata de un estado moderno desarrollado que intenta obtener su independencia, no en tiempo de guerra ni debido a una opresión política grave, ni con el fin de poner fin a una ocupación colonial de sus territorios o de liberarse de un sistema político antidemocrático, sino por razones que son, en primera instancia, culturales, identitarias, lingüísticas y económicas. En este sentido, y a pesar de la falta de éxito en los dos intentos de referéndum, la nación quebequense aún debe ser reconocida por su rol pionero en cuanto a reconocer el derecho a la secesión de las naciones minoritarias. Al adoptar este enfoque, este artículo se centra en el proceso quebequense de acceso a la soberanía y en las lecciones que puede mostrar, en este sentido, a una España multinacional.Palabras clave: Autodeterminación externa, naciones minoritarias, secesión, referéndum, Quebec, proceso soberanista catalán. Abstract: As a result of the two referenda on sovereignty held in 1980 and 1995, Quebec has somehow become something of a figurehead for western democracies. It represents a modern developed state seeking national independence, not in time of war or because of serious political oppression, or to end colonial dependence in its territory or rid itself of an antidemocratic political system, but rather and above all by taking this path for cultural, identity, linguistic and economic reasons. In this regard, and notwithstanding the fact that both referenda failed to bring independence, it is still fair to grant the Québéquois nation a pioneering role in terms of recognising the right of minority nations to secede. In adopting this approach, this article looks at the Québéquois process of accessing sovereignty and the lessons that it can offer, in this regard, to a multinational Spain. Keywords: External self-determination, minority nations, secession, referendum, Quebec, Catalan sovereignty process.
La obligación jurídica internacional de luchar contra la corrupción y su cumplimiento por el Estado español = The international legal obligation to fight against corruption and its compliance within the Spanish State
Authors: Capdeferro Villagrasa Oscar 
Published: September 2017

Resumen: A la luz del ordenamiento jurídico internacional, puede entenderse que se ha generado para los Estados la obligación de luchar contra la corrupción, ya que se han aprobado una serie de tratados que, a pesar de la distinta naturaleza de sus cláusulas, contienen claras obligaciones al respecto. En el presente estudio se analizan los principales instrumentos internacionales ratificados por el Estado español que, a consecuencia de su integración en el Derecho interno ex art. 96.1 CE, han generado la obligación de establecer medidas tanto para prevenir como para castigar la corrupción. El análisis formal de los instrumentos internacionales así como de sus mecanismos de evaluación de la aplicación permite identificar los perfiles de las obligaciones asumidas y el grado de cumplimiento observado, de lo que pueden extraerse orientaciones para futuras reformas del ordenamiento interno.Palabras clave: Corrupción pública, buena administración, Derecho internacional, prevención, sanción.Abstract: In the light of the International law, to fight against corruption can be understood as compulsory for the States, since some treaties containing specific obligations in this regard have been adopted. In this article, the main international treaties ratified by Spain imposing –through their incorporation in the domestic law ex art. 96.1 SC– the adoption of preventive and sanctioning measures are analysed. The formal analysis of the international instruments and their implementation mechanisms allows us to identify the characteristics of the assumed obligations and the observed implementation degree in Spain, what could be used to guide future legal reforms.Keywords: Public Corruption, Good Administration, International Law, Prevention, Sanction.
Interpretación constitucional = Constitutional Interpretation
Authors: Sánchez Sánchez Abraham 
Published: September 2017

Resumen: Mediante este trabajo se efectúa una presentación general de la interpretación constitucional, con fundamento en los principales temas de discusión a que ha dado lugar su reciente aparición en el panorama jurídico. Que la Constitución sea objeto de interpretación depende de la incorporación de sus cláusulas en un documento escrito dotado de carácter normativo. A partir de estas condiciones se hace hincapié en el contenido material de las constituciones actuales, así como en la indeterminación de sus preceptos y en el papel de los métodos tradicionales para la interpretación constitucional, entendida, por amplios sectores, como especial y necesitada de métodos propios. Asimismo, se aborda lo referente a los intérpretes de la Constitución, centrando la atención en el legislador y en el Tribunal o Corte Constitucional que, en cuanto máximo intérprete, entra en contacto con los jueces ordinarios y con el propio legislador, relación esta última que se muestra particularmente problemática, al grado de evidenciar una tensión entre Constitución y democracia. Además se advierte acerca de situaciones riesgosas en las que se puede incurrir so pretexto de la interpretación de la Constitución, con afectación de su carácter escrito y de su condición normativa, que son, precisamente, las condiciones que hacen posible la interpretación constitucional.Palabras clave: Interpretación, Constitución, métodos de interpretación, tribunales constitucionales.Abstract: This article presents a general view of constitutional interpretation based on the main topics that are being discussed currently. First, to be an object of interpretation, the Constitution needs a written document endowed with normative character. Hereafter we conduct a review of the material content of the current Constitutions, the indetermination of its articles and the role of conventional methods of constitutional interpretation. In addition, it deals with the agents of constitutional interpretation, paying attention to the legislature and the Constitutional Courts. The latter, due to its position of supreme interpreters of the Constitution, has direct and constant contact with the ordinary judiciary and the legislature. This Constitutional Court-legislature relation is particularly problematic because it contains a tension between two concepts: Constitution and Democracy. Finally, the paper remarks the risks associated with constitutional interpretation which affects its written and normative character, the two main requirements that make constitutional interpretation possible.Keywords: Interpretation, Constitution, methods of interpretation, Constitutional Courts.