bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Composition of fatty acids in selected vegetable oils
Authors: Frančáková Helena , Ivanišová Eva , Dráb Štefan , Krajčovič Tomáš , Tokár Marián , Mareček Ján , Musilová Janette 
Published: December 2015

Plant oils and fats are important and necessary components of the human nutrition. They are energy source and also contain fatty acids - compounds essential for human health. The aim of this study was to evaluate nutritional quality of selected plant oil - olive, rapeseed, pumpkin, flax and sesame; based on fatty acid composition in these oils. Fatty acids (MUFA, PUFA, SFA) were analyzed chromatography using system Agilent 6890 GC, injector multimode, detector FID. The highest content of saturated fatty acids was observed in pumpkinseed oil (19.07%), the lowest content was found in rapeseed oil (7.03%), with low level of palmitic and stearic acids and high level of behenic acid (0.32%) among the evaluated oils. The highest content of linoleic acid was determined in pumpkinseed (46.40%) and sesame oil (40.49%); in these samples was also found lowest content of α-linolenic acid. These oils have important antioxidant properties and are not subject to oxidation. The richest source of linolenic acid was flaxseed oil which, which is therefore more difficult to preserve and process in food industry. In olive oil was confirmed that belongs to the group of oils with a predominantly monosaturated oleic acid (more than 70%) and a small amount of polysaturated fatty acid. The most commonly used rapeseed oil belongs to the group of oils with the medium content of linolenic acid (8.76%); this oil also showed a high content of linoleic acid (20.24%). The group of these essentially fatty acids showed a suitable ratio ∑n3/n6 in the rapessed oil (0.44).
Comprehensive Five-Year Program Assessment Study
Authors: Crowell Tara , Calamidas Elizabeth 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
This comprehensive five-year program assessment study illustrates the full circle of the assessment cycle: development, implementation, feedback, and reshaping of curriculum. First, this study provides specific information on the development and implementation of multiple measures of program assessment for both core and track goals and objectives. Second, it provides five years of quantitative and qualitative data illustrating the use of internship e-portfolios and presentations in assessing students' proficiencies on 13 specific core competencies and numerous track competencies. Data collected from students' self-rating, faculty's rating, and Site supervisors' assessment provide evaluations of students' performance and levels of preparedness to enter the public health field and indicate high levels of proficiencies for students and support that program and track goals and objectives are being met. Qualitative data support these statistics and provide insight into program needs that are not being met; based on both sets of data, program solutions are identified and implemented creating an assessment feedback loop. Finally, audience feedback from internship presentations provides a final measure of program assessment and also supports the numerous benefits of students attending these events. Results of all these measures provide valuable insight into future program and course curriculum, along with teaching strategies and techniques in order to increase student learning.
Evaluating and Redesigning a College Assessment System to Close the Loop
Authors: Hamill Sharon Boland 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Whereas “best practice” institutions provide information on conducting assessment and closing the loop, their approach may not generalize to other campuses as each institution has its own unique structure and culture. Using Walvoord's (2010) approach to diagramming an assessment structure, this article extends this work by describing an adaptive process for evaluating and redesigning an assessment system. Through a case study of a public institution, a step-by-step guide is provided for institutions that want to create a simple, meaningful, and sustainable assessment system reflective of their own campus and its unique culture.
Evaluability Assessment in Higher Education: Supporting Continuous Improvement, Accountability, and a Culture of Assessment
Authors: Walser Tamara M. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to describe the use of evaluability assessment, an approach to program evaluation, to inform continuous improvement efforts, support accountability requirements, and facilitate a culture of assessment in higher education. Examples of two evaluability assessments conducted in a college of education are discussed, including the key activities carried out for each component of the evaluability assessments, findings and recommendations from each evaluability assessment, and how results of the evaluation work have been used. The examples demonstrate the utility of evaluability assessment as part of a higher education assessment system. They further highlight the value of stakeholder involvement, initiation of assessment by leadership based on need, and use of results in supporting a culture of assessment in higher education. Future research is needed to better understand the utility of evaluability assessment in other program evaluation approaches in diverse higher education contexts.
Murder and Morality in Salman und Morolf
Authors: Boyer Tina 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
There is an ethical dilemma in Salman und Morolf. This dilemma is not only medieval but also one of modern interpretation. Since the work was first analyzed by great scholars of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, this particular event has been referred to as the “pilgrim scene.”1 Furthermore, this episode is shared in another epic, Morant und Galie. Here, too, critics have downplayed its significance by calling it an “epische Unterbrechung” (epic break) and “spielmännisch” (conceived by a minstrel), interpreting it as another instance of cunning and disguise.
“Alle in generalle and nothing in specialle”: General and Special in Julian of Norwich’s Revelation of Love
Authors: Rush Rebecca M. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
In his meditation on the divine works in the second book of Summa Contra Gentiles, Thomas Aquinas argues that “distinctio . . . rerum secundum speciem” (the distinction of things according to species) is an essential element of creation and not merely a result of chance.1 To support his claim, he points to the first chapter of Genesis, where God creates the world precisely by making a series of distinctions: he divides the light from the darkness and the waters above the firmament from those below before proceeding to create the plants and the living creatures of the earth, sky, and sea, each classified into “speciem suam” (its own kind or species).
Effect of Macrophytes on Flow Conditions and Deposition of Suspended Particles in Small Streams: an Experimental Study Using Artificial Vegetation
Authors: Rolland Delphine C. , Haury Jacques , Marmonier Pierre , Lagadeuc Yvan 
Published: December 2015

Aquatic macrophytes are often the dominant element that influences flow conditions within streams, and are often considered as ecosystem engineers that modify their aquatic environment as a result of their physical structure and metabolic activity. The role of aquatic macrophytes on suspended matter sedimentation was studied in three shallow low-order streams in Brittany (North-western France). Field experiments were carried out in April 2007 using Callitriche-like artificial macrophytes and cylindrical sediment traps dug into the channels. Hydrodynamic characteristics (velocity profile, percentage of velocity decrease and turbulence), volume of trapped sediment, particle size characteristics, and total organic matter content were measured within the macrophytes and compared with the control traps. The aquatic macrophytes operated as sediment traps by modifying the local hydrodynamic parameters. Sedimentation of fine suspended particles within the macrophytes reached maximum values when the velocity was significantly reduced, i.e. when the initial velocity was low (less than 0.5 m∙s‑1) and the depth shallow enough for the plant to occupy the entire volume of the column water. Conversely, turbulence was generated around the macrophyte stands, which induced the resuspension of fine particles and only coarse particles were trapped. This study shows the importance of threshold values at the local scale and the highly dynamic effect of macrophytes on flow characteristics.
L’homoparentalité et la transparentalité au prisme des sciences sociales : révolution ou pluralisation des formes de parenté ?
Authors: Gross Martine , Bureau Marie-France 
Published: December 2015

Compte tenu des développements rapides tant des progrès scientifiques en matière de procréation que des pratiques sociales, l’homoparentalité et la transparentalité ont cristallisé de nombreuses interrogations portant sur la parenté ainsi que sur les définitions de la paternité et de la maternité dans plusieurs disciplines. L’homoparentalité et la transparentalité remettent en question le modèle biologique et biparental (une mère et un père) dans lequel les parents ont procréé leurs enfants ou peuvent passer pour l’avoir fait, et sont au plus au nombre de deux. Au-delà des inquiétudes concernant le développement psychologique des enfants nés dans ces types de famille, auxquelles de nombreuses études en psychologie ont tenté d’apporter une réponse, les familles homoparentales et transparentales offrent de nouvelles possibilités de questionnements et réflexions – que ce soit en sociologie, anthropologie, en droit de la famille et de la filiation. En effet, ces familles rassemblent dans leur diversité des situations de désintrication de la conjugalité, la procréation, la filiation et la parenté. Cette désintrication, qui met à mal le modèle dans lequel les dimensions procréative (être né de), légale (être fils/fille de) et affective (être élevé par) sont confondues, est aujourd’hui présente également dans plusieurs autres configurations familiales, notamment les recompositions familiales, le recours à la procréation assistée avec tiers donneur ou l’adoption.Cet article introductif sera l’occasion de rappeler ce qu’on entend par homoparentalité et transparentalité, et fera dialoguer autour des enjeux soulevés par ces thématiques des travaux issus de disciplines différentes. Une revue de la littérature rassemblera ensuite les travaux menés sur l’homoparentalité depuis les années 1990, selon trois approches principales : psychologique, socio-anthropologique et socio-juridique. Enfin, les travaux sur la transparentalité, moins nombreux et plus récents, seront regroupés dans une partie distincte. Cet article s’achèvera par une présentation des articles constituant ce numéro.
L’interdiction de discriminer les personnes trans* dans la Charte des droits et libertés de la personne
Authors: Sauvé Jean-Sébastien 
Published: December 2015

Au Québec, la Charte des droits et libertés de la personne interdit, dans une certaine mesure, la discrimination des personnes trans*. Ce régime couvre cependant difficilement les différentes facettes de l’identité de genre et de l’expression de genre et certaines situations pouvant en découler, dont la transparentalité. En réponse à cette lacune et à l’aide d’une approche positiviste, l’article proposé suggère l’ajout de l’« identité de genre » et de l’« expression de genre » à la liste des motifs de distinction illicites énoncés à l’article 10 de la Charte. Cela permettrait d’offrir aux personnes trans* une meilleure « protection » juridique – à supposer qu’une telle protection existe réellement. L’état du droit se verrait, par ailleurs, clarifié. Afin de soutenir cette affirmation, l’interdiction de discriminer les personnes trans* est, dans un premier temps, étudiée. Il est ainsi montré que le « sexe » et l’« état civil » apparaissent comme des motifs centraux au coeur d’une telle analyse. Cependant, en raison de l’interprétation qui leur en est donnée, ils ne permettent pas d’embrasser pleinement et explicitement la situation de toute personne résistant aux stéréotypes de genre. Le régime juridique québécois se montre donc, à cet égard, insuffisant pour interdire complètement et explicitement la discrimination contre les personnes trans*. Face à cette insuffisance, il est, dans un deuxième temps, proposé d’ajouter, à la liste des motifs de distinction illicites, l’« identité de genre » et l’« expression de genre ». De plus en plus prisée ailleurs au Canada, une modification semblable de la Charte permettrait de pallier le problème décrit ci-dessus. S’il est vrai que les effets concrets d’une telle modification législative sont difficilement mesurables considérant le fait que la « protection » contre la discrimination, au sens strict, relève du mythe, l’auteur soutient qu’il demeure opportun de modifier en ce sens la Charte des droits et libertés de la personne.
Antiphase structures in a periodically inverted GaAs/AlGaAs waveguide investigated by transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Kim Tae Woong , Hanashima Kaori , Matsushita Tomonori , Kondo Takashi 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
We have performed transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation of antiphase structures in a periodically inverted GaAs/Al0.1Ga0.9As waveguide fabricated on a (100) GaAs substrate intentionally misoriented toward

by 2°. We have unambiguously confirmed that the artificial (011) boundaries between the inverted and noninverted domains are of antiphase nature by TEM observations including conventional dark-field imaging and a two-beam technique. We also investigated unintentionally formed self-annihilating non-inverted GaAs domains grown on a Ge interlayer introduced for growing inverted GaAs epilayers using the sublattice-reversal epitaxy technique.
GOES‐derived fog and low cloud indices for coastal north and central California ecological analyses
Authors: Torregrosa Alicia , Combs Cindy , Peters Jeff 
Published: December 2015

AbstractFog and low cloud cover (FLCC) strongly influences the water, energy, and nutrient flux of coastal ecosystems. Easy‐to‐use FLCC data are needed to quantify the impacts of FLCC on ecosystem dynamics especially during hot and dry Mediterranean climate summers. Monthly, annual, and decadal FLCC digital maps (indices) were derived for June–September 1999–2009 for coastal California, latitude 34.50°N (south of Monterey Bay) to latitude 41.95°N (north of Crescent City) from 26,000 hourly night and day Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) images. Monthly average FLCC ranges from <2 to 18 hours per day (h/d). Average FLCC over the ocean increases from north (9 h/d) to south (14 h/d), whereas on land, FLCC is highest where land juts into the prevailing NW winds and is lowest in the lee of major capes. FLCC advects farthest inland through low‐lying NW ocean‐facing valleys. At night, average total hours of FLCC are higher more frequently on land than over the ocean. The interannual FLCC coefficient of variation shows long‐term geographic stability that is strongly associated with landform position. FLCC hours per day mapped contours, derived from decadal average FLCC, delineate the commonly used term “fog belt” into FLCC zones with increased locational precision. FLCC indices are available for download from the California Landscape Conservation Cooperative Climate Commons website (http://climate.calcommons.org/datasets/summertime‐fog). FLCC indices can improve analyses of biogeographic and bioclimatic species distribution models; understanding meteorological mechanisms driving FLCC patterns; solar energy feasibility studies; investigations of ecohydrology, evapotranspiration, and agricultural irrigation demand; and viticulture ripening models.
On the role of anomalous ocean surface temperatures for promoting the record Madden‐Julian Oscillation in March 2015
Authors: Marshall Andrew G. , Hendon Harry H. , Wang Guomin 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) event dramatically amplified at the beginning of March 2015 as the convective phase traversed an unusually warm central Pacific Ocean. This record amplification also resulted in record amplitude of the MJO based on index measurements since 1974. We explore the possible role of the anomalously high ocean surface temperatures in the equatorial central Pacific for promoting the extraordinary amplification of this MJO event. Forecast sensitivity experiments with the Predictive Ocean Atmosphere Model for Australia show that the enhanced growth of the MJO resulted from amplification of the convective anomaly as it encountered the unusually warm central Pacific. Our results indicate that anomalous sea surface temperature (SST) at the onset of El Niño 2015 promoted the intensification of the MJO. We suggest a two‐way interaction whereby initial SST anomalies promoted enhanced MJO activity which then possibly led to enhanced El Niño development.
Asymmetrical response of dayside ion precipitation to a large rotation of the IMF
Authors: Berchem J. , Richard R. L. , Escoubet C. P. , Wing S. , Pitout F. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWe have carried out global magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulations together with large‐scale kinetic simulations to investigate the response of the dayside magnetospheric ion precipitation to a large rotation (135°) of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). The study uses simplified global MHD model (no dipole tilt and constant ionospheric conductance) and idealized solar wind conditions where the IMF rotates smoothly from a southward toward a northward direction (BX = 0) to clearly identify the effects of the impact of the discontinuity on the magnetopause. Results of the global simulations reveal that a strong north‐south asymmetry develops in the pattern of precipitating ions during the interaction of the IMF rotation with the magnetopause. For a counterclockwise IMF rotation from its original southward direction (BY < 0), a spot of high‐energy particle injections occurs in the Northern Hemisphere but not in the Southern Hemisphere. The spot moves poleward and dawnward as the interacting field rotates. In that case, reconnection is found close to the poleward edge of the northern cusp, while it occurs farther tailward in the Southern Hemisphere. Tracing magnetic field lines shows an asymmetry in the tilt of the cusps and indicates that the draping and subsequent double reconnection of newly opened field lines from the Southern Hemisphere over the dayside magnetosphere cause the symmetry breaking. The reverse north‐south asymmetry is found for a clockwise IMF rotation from its original southward direction (BY > 0). Trends observed in the ion dispersions predicted from the simulations are in good agreement with Cluster observations of the midaltitude northern cusp, which motivated the study.
Birth weight predicted baseline muscular efficiency, but not response of energy expenditure to calorie restriction: An empirical test of the predictive adaptive response hypothesis
Authors: Workman Megan , Baker Jack , Lancaster Jane B. , Mermier Christine , Alcock Joe 
Published: December 2015

ObjectivesAiming to test the evolutionary significance of relationships linking prenatal growth conditions to adult phenotypes, this study examined whether birth size predicts energetic savings during fasting. We specifically tested a Predictive Adaptive Response (PAR) model that predicts greater energetic saving among adults who were born small.MethodsData were collected from a convenience sample of young adults living in Albuquerque, NM (n = 34). Indirect calorimetry quantified changes in resting energy expenditure (REE) and active muscular efficiency that occurred in response to a 29‐h fast. Multiple regression analyses linked birth weight to baseline and postfast metabolic values while controlling for appropriate confounders (e.g., sex, body mass).ResultsBirth weight did not moderate the relationship between body size and energy expenditure, nor did it predict the magnitude change in REE or muscular efficiency observed from baseline to after fasting. Alternative indicators of birth size were also examined (e.g., low v. normal birth weight, comparison of tertiles), with no effects found. However, baseline muscular efficiency improved by 1.1% per 725 g (S.D.) increase in birth weight (P = 0.037).ConclusionsBirth size did not influence the sensitivity of metabolic demands to fasting—neither at rest nor during activity. Moreover, small birth size predicted a reduction in the efficiency with which muscles convert energy expended into work accomplished. These results do not support the ascription of adaptive function to phenotypes associated with small birth size. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:484–492, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Data linkage between the national birth defects prevention study and the occupational information network (O*NET) to assess workplace physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and emotional stressors during pregnancy
Authors: Lee Laura J. , Symanski Elaine , Lupo Philip J. , Tinker Sarah C. , Razzaghi Hilda , Pompeii Lisa A. , Hoyt Adrienne T. , Canfield Mark A. , Chan Wenyaw ,   The National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: December 2015

BackgroundKnowledge of the prevalence of work‐related physical activities, sedentary behaviors, and emotional stressors among pregnant women is limited, and the extent to which these exposures vary by maternal characteristics remains unclear.MethodsData on mothers of 6,817 infants without major birth defects, with estimated delivery during 1997 through 2009 who worked during pregnancy were obtained from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Information on multiple domains of occupational exposures was gathered by linking mother's primary job to the Occupational Information Network Version 9.0.ResultsThe most frequent estimated physical activity associated with jobs during pregnancy was standing. Of 6,337 mothers, 31.0% reported jobs associated with standing for ≥75% of their time. There was significant variability in estimated occupational exposures by maternal age, race/ethnicity, and educational level.ConclusionsOur findings augment existing literature on occupational physical activities, sedentary behaviors, emotional stressors, and occupational health disparities during pregnancy. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:137–149, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.