bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamical Imaging with Interferometry
Authors: Johnson Michael D. , Bouman Katherine L. , Blackburn Lindy , Chael Andrew A. , Rosen Julian , Shiokawa Hotaka , Roelofs Freek , Akiyama Kazunori , Fish Vincent L. , Doeleman Sheperd S. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
By linking widely separated radio dishes, the technique of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) can greatly enhance angular resolution in radio astronomy. However, at any given moment, a VLBI array only sparsely samples the information necessary to form an image. Conventional imaging techniques partially overcome this limitation by making the assumption that the observed cosmic source structure does not evolve over the duration of an observation, which enables VLBI networks to accumulate information as Earth rotates and changes the projected array geometry. Although this assumption is appropriate for nearly all VLBI, it is almost certainly violated for submillimeter observations of the Galactic center supermassive black hole, Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), which has a gravitational timescale of only

s and exhibits intrahour variability. To address this challenge, we develop several techniques to reconstruct dynamical images (“movies”) from interferometric data. Our techniques are applicable to both single-epoch and multiepoch variability studies, and they are suitable for exploring many different physical processes including flaring regions, stable images with small time-dependent perturbations, steady accretion dynamics, or kinematics of relativistic jets. Moreover, dynamical imaging can be used to estimate time-averaged images from time-variable data, eliminating many spurious image artifacts that arise when using standard imaging methods. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our techniques using synthetic observations of simulated black hole systems and 7 mm Very Long Baseline Array observations of M87, and we show that dynamical imaging is feasible for Event Horizon Telescope observations of Sgr A*.
La V e République et les partis
Authors: Jan Pascal 
Published: November 2017

Les partis politiques français, privés de statut spécifique, traversent une profonde crise révélée de façon spectaculaire par l’élection présidentielle et les élections législatives de mai et juin 2017, ainsi que par la judiciarisation croissante de leur fonctionnement interne. Pour autant, comme les formations traditionnelles en voie de perdition, les nouveaux mouvements politiques sont tout aussi présidentialistes dans leur stratégie que dans leur organisation.
Modes de scrutin et système de partis
Authors: Dolez Bernard , Laurent Annie 
Published: November 2017

Les conséquences des modes de scrutin sur le système partisan ne sauraient être réduites à l’impact de la formule électorale. Magnitude des circonscriptions, taille de l’assemblée et seuils électoraux jouent un rôle tout aussi important. Leurs effets varient, surtout, en fonction du contexte institutionnel et politique dans lequel ils s’insèrent et avec lequel ils interagissent. L’ingénierie électorale est un art qui ne saurait se résumer au débat « scrutin majoritaire » versus « représentation proportionnelle ».
La crise du militantisme
Authors: Fretel Julien 
Published: November 2017

Le militantisme, dans les partis politiques, souffre de nombreux maux. Ses causes sont multiples mais tiennent davantage à la manière dont les professionnels de la politique gèrent les aspirations militantes qu’à une éventuelle indifférence naturelle des Français vis-à-vis de l’engagement partisan. C’est donc au cœur de la politique de l’offre partisane que se trouvent les principales raisons de la désaffection des militants. Il reste que les phénomènes « En Marche ! » et « La France insoumise », par l’afflux d’adhérents qu’ils ont réussi à générer, obligent à s’interroger sur de possibles sorties de crise.
L’argent et les partis
Authors: Rambaud Romain 
Published: November 2017

Le fait que le premier projet de loi déposé dans le cadre de la XV e législature soit le projet de loi rétablissant la confiance dans l’action publique, qui concerne notamment la question des rapports entre les partis et l’argent, est révélateur du caractère crucial de cette question. L’argent des partis est en principe très réglementé, mais il s’agit aussi d’une des dernières « boîtes noires » du droit de la vie politique. Cependant, l’essentiel est peut-être ailleurs : quel système politique se cache derrière la moralisation ?
Le langage dans la psychosomatique
Authors: Denis Anne 
Published: November 2017

Une remarque de Green a ouvert le champ sur la question du sens dont l’évitement, comme effet contre-évolutif du trauma, est fréquent dans les cures contemporaines. « L’hallucination négative du sens » est accompagnée de transferts latéraux sur la musique et de rêves traumatolytiques sur le thème d’une musique ratée. Un langage opératoire s’ensuit en tant que significations dépourvues de sens. Le partage et les répons objectaux métaphorisent les pulsions en « quelque chose de psychique » s’originant sur les rythmes vitaux de « vie et de mort ».
Considérer la personne en fin de vie
Authors: Haeringer Anne-Sophie 
Published: November 2017

En nous intéressant à la manière dont l’équipe d’une unité de soins palliatifs a négocié l’envie de fumer exprimée par un de ses patients, allant jusqu’à la saisir comme une question existentielle, nous montrons dans cet article, comment la prise en charge palliative configure la personne comme étant en fin de vie. L’analyse vient enrichir la proposition de David Sudnow suivant laquelle la fin de vie n’est pas un état déjà donné mais le passage d’un être (vivant) à un autre (mort), en faisant valoir que les soins palliatifs invitent à ouvrir le « dying » aux multiples reprises et modulations qui accompagnent ce passage. Dans ce cas, reconnaître la personne comme étant en fin de vie, c’est non seulement considérer que bientôt elle ne sera plus mais, plus spécifiquement, que, avant même de n’être plus, certaines de ses capacités auront été entamées.
L’insupportable et l’incertain
Authors: Delaunay Catarina 
Published: November 2017

Ce texte explore les tensions qui émergent chez les couples atteints d’infertilité qui recourent à l’assistance médicale à la procréation avec tiers donneur, en France et au Portugal, à partir de données empiriques recueillies par entretiens. Je m’appuie sur le modèle sociologique d’une pluralité de régimes d’engagement, mais aussi sur les concepts d’insupportable et d’incertain ; le premier permet d’analyser le rapport problématique et gênant au tiers donneur, le second d’analyser les incertitudes de ces couples sur la réussite du projet d’enfant à l’aide de technologies biomédicales, incertitudes qui s’inscrivent dans des épreuves et des échecs successifs. On assiste à une opération de détachement de la figure du tiers donneur, à travers des dynamiques de différenciation entre le vivant (les gamètes) et l’humain (un enfant). On constate des opérations de révision ou de sortie complète du projet, provoquées par l’épuisement capacitaire ou par la difficulté à définir l’intégralité de la personne ou du couple.
Range Spaces of Co-Analytic Toeplitz Operators
Authors: Fricain Emmanuel , Hartmann Andreas , Ross William T. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this paper we discuss the range of a co-analytic Toeplitz operator. These range spaces are closely related to de Branges–Rovnyak spaces (in some cases they are equal as sets). In order to understand its structure, we explore when the range space decomposes into the range of an associated analytic Toeplitz operator and an identifiable orthogonal complement. For certain cases, we compute this orthogonal complement in terms of the kernel of a certain Toeplitz operator on the Hardy space, where we focus on when this kernel is a model space (backward shift invariant subspace). In the spirit of Ahern–Clark, we also discuss the non-tangential boundary behavior in these range spaces. These results give us further insight into the description of the range of a co-analytic Toeplitz operator as well as its orthogonal decomposition. Our Ahern–Clark type results, which are stated in a general abstract setting, will also have applications to related sub-Hardy Hilbert spaces of analytic functions such as the de Branges–Rovnyak spaces and the harmonically weighted Dirichlet spaces.
Dreamlands: Immersive Cinema and Art, 1905 – 2016: Whitney Museum of American Art, October 26, 2016 – February 5, 2017
Authors: Ogrodnik Benjamin 
Published: November 2017

Eschibition Review:Exhibition catalog: Chrissie Iles, Dreamlands: Immersive Cinema and Art, 1905–2016. New Haven/London: Yale University Press, 2016. 256pp.; 300 color and 100 b/w ills. Hardcover $65.00 (9780300221879) Exhibition schedule: Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, NY, October 28, 2016–February 5, 2017
Do traumático ao trauma: a lógica do presente permanente
Authors: Klautau Perla , Winograd Monah , Sollero-de-Campos Flavia 
Published: November 2017

<p class="Corpo">A partir do atendimento psicanalítico de pacientes portadores de lesões cerebrais, foi possível formular a hipótese de que, em muitos casos, o quadro psicopatológico que se instala após a percepção e a experiência das sequelas de adoecimentos neurológicos pode ser localizado em algum ponto entre a neurose traumática e as patologias narcísico-identitárias. Para fundamentar e ilustrar o desenvolvimento teórico dessa hipótese, apresentaremos um caso clínico no qual a compulsão à repetição é convocada como mecanismo de defesa: a experiência subjetiva de adoecimento neurológico é vivida como um golpe traumático que divide a vida entre um antes e um depois. A consequência disso é que os recursos para a elaboração psíquica são roubados, criando ou intensificando zonas psíquicas não integradas. Desse modo, é instalada uma temporalidade baseada em um presente permanente, isto é, num tempo que não fica para trás e tampouco fornece uma abertura para o que está por vir. </p>
Maternidade e novos modos de vida para a mulher contemporânea
Authors: Albertuni Patrícia Shalana , Stengel Márcia 
Published: November 2017

<p>Este artigo aborda os discursos da maternidade para mulheres que participam de <em>blogs </em>sobre este tema. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, pautada na discussão da psicossociologia da família, que analisou <em>posts </em>redigidos pelas autoras<em> </em>e seus comentários escritos pelas leitoras de dois <em>blogs</em> públicos (Macetes de Mãe e Manual da Família Moderna), com base na análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Como resultado, obtiveram-se três categorias e, neste artigo, trataremos da primeira: novos modos de vida da mulher. A análise nos permitiu observar diversos modos de vida femininos e interpretá-los com base em autores como Badinter, Rocha-Coutinho, Woodward e outros. Ainda que a contemporaneidade permita a escolha por posições diversas, observamos que, em todos os casos, existem cobranças sociais, permanece a expectativa de que a mulher seja mãe e mantêm-se os discursos do mito da maternidade, o que compõe um cenário de sofrimento-angústia para a mulher, complexificando essa experiência feminina. </p>
Multiple‐model multiple‐hypothesis filter with Gaussian mixture reduction
Authors: Eras‐Herrera W.Y. , Mesquita A.R. , Teixeira B.O.S. 
Published: November 2017

SummaryWe address the problem of state estimation for Markov jump nonlinear systems and present a modified version of the multiple‐model and multiple‐hypothesis (M3H) algorithm to suboptimally solve it. In such systems, the exact filter must track an exponentially increasing number of possible trajectories. Therefore, practical solutions must approximate the exact filter trading off filter precision for computational speed. In this contribution, we employ Gaussian mixture reduction methods in the merging of hypotheses of the original M3H. Thus, information from both the analog and digital states is used to merge the hypotheses, whereas only information from the digital state is employed in the original method. In our numerical results, we show that the proposed method outperforms the original M3H when increased precision constraints are imposed to the filter.
React‐on‐Demand (RoD) Fabrication of Highly Conductive Metal–Polymer Hybrid Structure for Flexible Electronics via One‐Step Direct Writing or Printing
Authors: Zhang Tengyuan , Li Junming , Liu Jin , Yang Jun 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAs a fast prototyping technique, direct writing of flexible electronics is gaining popularity for its low‐cost, simplicity, ultrahigh portability, and ease of use. However, the latest handwritten circuits reported either have relative low conductivity or require additional post‐treatment, keeping this emerging technology away from end‐users. Here, a one‐step react‐on‐demand (RoD) method for fabricating flexible circuits with ultralow sheet resistance, enhanced safety, and durability is proposed. With the special functionalized substrate, a real‐time 3D synthesis of silver plates in microscale is triggered on‐demand right beneath the tip in the water‐swelled polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) coating, forming a 3D metal–polymer hybrid structure of ≈7 µm with one single stroke. The as‐fabricated silver traces show an enhanced durability and ultralow sheet resistance down to 4 mΩ sq−1 which is by far the lowest sheet resistance reported in literatures achieved by direct writing. Meanwhile, PVA seal small particles inside the film, adding additional safety to this technology. Since neither nanomaterials nor a harsh fabrication environment are required, the proposed method remains low cost, user friendly, and accessible to end users. With little effort, the RoD approach can be extended to various printing systems, offering a particle‐free, sintering‐free solution for high‐resolution, high‐speed production of flexible electronics.
Memristor with Ag‐Cluster‐Doped TiO2 Films as Artificial Synapse for Neuroinspired Computing
Authors: Yan Xiaobing , Zhao Jianhui , Liu Sen , Zhou Zhenyu , Liu Qi , Chen Jingsheng , Liu Xiang Yang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMemristor, based on the principle of biological synapse, is recognized as one of the key devices in confronting the bottleneck of classical von Neumann computers. However, conventional memristors are difficult to continuously adjust the conduction and dutifully mimic the biosynapse function. Here, TiO2 films with self‐assembled Ag nanoclusters implemented by gradient Ag dopant are employed to achieve enhanced memristor performance. The memristors exhibit gradual both potentiating and depressing conduction under positive and negative pulse trains, which can fully emulate excitation and inhibition of biosynapse. Moreover, comprehensive biosynaptic functions and plasticity, including the transition from short‐term memory to long‐term memory, long‐term potentiation and depression, spike‐timing‐dependent plasticity, and paired‐pulse facilitation, are implemented with the fabricated memristors in this work. The applied pulses with a width of hundreds of nanoseconds timescale are beneficial to realize fast learning and computing. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy observations clearly demonstrate that Ag clusters redistribute to form Ag conductive filaments between Ag and Pt electrode under electrical field at ON‐state device. The experimental data confirm that the oxides doped with Ag clusters have the potential for mimicking biosynaptic behavior, which is essential for the further creation of artificial neural systems.
Continuous Melt‐Drawing of Highly Aligned Flexible and Stretchable Semiconducting Microfibers for Organic Electronics
Authors: Zhao Yan , Gumyusenge Aristide , He Jiazhi , Qu Ge , McNutt William W. , Long Yuan , Zhang Hongyi , Huang Libai , Diao Ying , Mei Jianguo 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA scalable and green approach to manufacture semiconducting microfibers from polymer melts has been demonstrated. The polymer chains are highly aligned along the microfiber's long axis direction and exhibit highly anisotropic optical properties. In addition, the polymer microfibers show good flexibility and stretchability with a yield point around 10% under a reversible stress and can be stretched up to 180% without breaking. These features are desired for future flexible, stretchable, and conformable electronics. The origin of this stretchability is studied with diketopyrrolopyrrole derivatives using different conjugation break spacers and side chains. In addition, stretchable conducting microfibers can be obtained by doping with FeCl3, which are further evaluated as organic conductors and source/drain electrodes in organic field‐effect transistors.
Construction of Complex Co3O4@Co3V2O8 Hollow Structures from Metal–Organic Frameworks with Enhanced Lithium Storage Properties
Authors: Lu Yan , Yu Le , Wu Minghong , Wang Yong , Lou Xiong Wen (David) 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA novel metal–organic‐framework‐engaged strategy is demonstrated for the preparation of multishelled Co3O4@Co3V2O8 hybrid nanoboxes. This strategy relies on the unique reaction of zeolitic imidazolate framework‐67 with the vanadium source of vanadium oxytriisopropoxide. Benefitting from the synthetic versatility, a series of nanostructures can be realized including triple‐shelled and double‐shelled Co3O4@Co3V2O8 nanoboxes and single‐shelled Co3V2O8 nanoboxes. When evaluated as electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries, these unique hollow structures demonstrate remarkable lithium storage properties. For example, the triple‐shelled Co3O4@Co3V2O8 nanoboxes retain a high capacity of 948 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 100 mA g−1.
Controllable Surface Reorganization Engineering on Cobalt Phosphide Nanowire Arrays for Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Xu Kun , Cheng Han , Lv Haifeng , Wang Jingyu , Liu Linqi , Liu Si , Wu Xiaojun , Chu Wangsheng , Wu Changzheng , Xie Yi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDeveloping highly efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts in alkaline media is considered significant and valuable for water splitting. Herein, it is demonstrated that surface reorganization engineering by oxygen plasma engraving on electocatalysts successfully realizes a dramatically enhanced alkaline HER activity. Taking CoP nanowire arrays grown on carbon cloth (denoted as CoP NWs/CC) as an example, the oxygen plasma engraving can trigger moderate CoOx species formation on the surface of the CoP NWs/CC, which is visually verified by the X‐ray absorption fine structure, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, and energy‐dispersive spectrometer (EDS) mapping. Benefiting from the moderate CoOx species formed on the surface, which can promote the water dissociation in alkaline HER, the surface reorganization of the CoP NWs/CC realizes almost fourfold enhanced alkaline HER activity and a 180 mV decreased overpotential at 100 mA cm−2, compared with the pristine ones. More interestingly, this surface reorganization strategy by oxygen plasma engraving can also be effective to other electrocatalysts such as free‐standing CoP, Co4N, O‐CoSe2, and C‐CoSe2 nanowires, which verifies the universality of the strategy. This work thus opens up new avenues for designing alkaline HER electrocatalysts based on oxygen plasma engraving.
Spin Crossover Nanomaterials: From Fundamental Concepts to Devices
Authors: Molnár Gábor , Rat Sylvain , Salmon Lionel , Nicolazzi William , Bousseksou Azzedine 
Published: November 2017

AbstractNanoscale spin crossover materials capable of undergoing reversible switching between two electronic configurations with markedly different physical properties are excellent candidates for various technological applications. In particular, they can serve as active materials for storing and processing information in photonic, mechanical, electronic, and spintronic devices as well as for transducing different forms of energy in sensors and actuators. In this progress report, a brief overview on the current state‐of‐the‐art of experimental and theoretical studies of nanomaterials displaying spin transition is presented. Based on these results, a detailed analysis and discussions in terms of finite size effects and other phenomena inherent to the reduced size scale are provided. Finally, recent research devices using spin crossover complexes are highlighted, emphasizing both challenges and prospects.
Discovery of 2D Anisotropic Dirac Cones
Authors: Feng Baojie , Zhang Jin , Ito Suguru , Arita Masashi , Cheng Cai , Chen Lan , Wu Kehui , Komori Fumio , Sugino Osamu , Miyamoto Koji , Okuda Taichi , Meng Sheng , Matsuda Iwao 
Published: November 2017

Abstract2D anisotropic Dirac cones are observed in χ3 borophene, a monolayer boron sheet, using high‐resolution angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The Dirac cones are centered at the X and X′ points. The data also reveal that the hybridization between borophene and Ag(111) is very weak, which explains the preservation of the Dirac cones. As χ3 borophene has been predicated to be a superconductor, the results may stimulate further research interest in the novel physics of borophene, such as the interplay between Cooper pairs and the massless Dirac fermions.
Iridium(III)‐Catalyzed Regiocontrolled Direct Amidation of Isoquinolones and Pyridones
Authors: Das Debapratim , Samanta Rajarshi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIridium(III)‐catalyzed highly regiocontrolled C3/C8 amidation of isoquinolones and C6 amidation of 2‐pyridones has been successfully accomplished with various azides. The optimized method is operationally simple with a broad substrate scope. The protocol has been found to be scalable.magnified image
Unified Strategy to Access 6H‐Benzofuro[2,3‐b]indoles and 5,6‐Dihydroindolo[2,3‐b]indoles via UV Light‐Mediated Diradical Cyclization
Authors: Cheng Bin , Zu Bing , Li Yuntong , Zhai Shengxian , Xu Wei , Li Yun , Zhai Hongbin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA unified protocol for the construction of 6H‐benzofuro[2,3‐b]indoles and 5,6‐dihydroindolo[2,3‐b]indoles via UV light‐mediated diradical cyclization was developed and preliminary efforts were also made to functionalize at C10b position of 6H‐benzofuro[2,3‐b]indoles. This mild and facile strategy may have great potential in the syntheses of natural products and functional materials.magnified image
High and Reversible Lithium Ion Storage in Self‐Exfoliated Triazole‐Triformyl Phloroglucinol‐Based Covalent Organic Nanosheets
Authors: Haldar Sattwick , Roy Kingshuk , Nandi Shyamapada , Chakraborty Debanjan , Puthusseri Dhanya , Gawli Yogesh , Ogale Satishchandra , Vaidhyanathan Ramanathan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCovalent organic framework (COF) can grow into self‐exfoliated nanosheets. Their graphene/graphite resembling microtexture and nanostructure suits electrochemical applications. Here, covalent organic nanosheets (CON) with nanopores lined with triazole and phloroglucinol units, neither of which binds lithium strongly, and its potential as an anode in Li‐ion battery are presented. Their fibrous texture enables facile amalgamation as a coin‐cell anode, which exhibits exceptionally high specific capacity of ≈720 mA h g−1 (@100 mA g−1). Its capacity is retained even after 1000 cycles. Increasing the current density from 100 mA g−1 to 1 A g−1 causes the specific capacity to drop only by 20%, which is the lowest among all high‐performing anodic COFs. The majority of the lithium insertion follows an ultrafast diffusion‐controlled intercalation (diffusion coefficient, DLi+ = 5.48 × 10−11 cm2 s−1). The absence of strong Li‐framework bonds in the density functional theory (DFT) optimized structure supports this reversible intercalation. The discrete monomer of the CON shows a specific capacity of only 140 mA h g−1 @50 mA g−1 and no sign of lithium intercalation reveals the crucial role played by the polymeric structure of the CON in this intercalation‐assisted conductivity. The potentials mapped using DFT suggest a substantial electronic driving‐force for the lithium intercalation. The findings underscore the potential of the designer CON as anode material for Li‐ion batteries.