bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of personality problems among patients with substance use disorders
Authors: Lien Ingebjørg Aspeland , Arnevik Espen Ajo 
Published: September 2016

Aim Several studies have shown that personality disorders (PDs) are frequently occurring among patients with substance use disorders (SUDs). A development from research of co-occurrence estimates in this patient group investigates personality problems as dimensional constructs, which seek to capture the core of personality pathology. The aim of our study was to explore whether personality problems might be assessed among SUD patients in early stages of treatment. We also sought to investigate personality problem severity among Norwegian adult SUD patients. Design Personality problems were assessed using the self-report questionnaire Severity Indices of Personality Problems (SIPP-118). The study sample consisted of 155 SUD patients currently in treatment at detoxification sections at Oslo University Hospital. Results Though psychometric evaluation of the SIPP-118, we found that personality problems could be assessed with high levels of internal consistency and convergent validity in SUD patients during detoxification. This is an important contribution to the discussion concerning time and context of personality pathology assessment in the SUD treatment field. The results indicated that SUD patients have personality problems at a level of severity comparable to previously investigated PD patient samples, and significantly more severe than personality problems found in normal population samples. This indicates that personality problems are a common, as well as a detrimental, feature among SUD patients, which further points towards considering these in all aspects of SUD treatment. Conclusions Assessing personality problems early in treatment may enable a more integrated approach to SUD treatment targeting personality problems and substance-related problems.
Binge drinking and internalised sexual stigma among Italian lesbian, gay and bisexual young adults
Authors: Verrastro Valera , Fontanesi Lilybeth , Petruccelli Irene , Santamaria Federica , Laghi Fiorenzo , Ioverno Salvatore , Baiocco Roberto 
Published: September 2016

Background Literature has studied the relation between youth alcohol consumption and sexual orientation, showing that lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) young people are at increased risk to develop alcohol-related problems compared to heterosexuals. Aim Our study aims to describe alcohol use patterns in relation to alcohol expectancies, internalised sexual stigma and sensation seeking and to highlight the specific risk factors that sexual minority subgroups face. Design A survey was administered in order to examine drinking habits, background information and levels of internalised sexual stigma and of sensation seeking in 468 LGB youths. According to the alcohol consumption, the sample was divided into three groups: social, binge and heavy drinkers. Results Data showed that bisexual youths were at most risk of heavy drinking compared to lesbian and gay participants. Moreover, LGB heavy drinkers reported higher levels of sensation seeking, earlier age of first alcohol consumption and more positive drinking expectancies compared to binge and social drinkers. Bisexual male heavy drinkers also showed more social confidence alcohol expectancies while bisexual female heavy drinkers showed more sensation seeking. Conclusion Bisexual youths are at most risk of alcohol abuse. It is conceivable that these findings are related to the peculiar discrimination to which bisexual people are subject. Practical implications for the present study are discussed.
Nutritional upgrading of various feed ingredients through co-culture solid state fermentation / Çeşitli yem içerikleri besin değerlerinin birlikte kültür katı hal fermentasyonu kullanılarak artırılması
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad , Ali Muhammad Ahmar , Syed Quratulain , Nelofer Rubina , Sahar Uzma 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to enhance nutritional qualities of various agricultural byproducts such as wheat bran, rice bran and rice polish through co-culture solid state fermentation (SSF) using Candida utilis and Rhizopus oligosporus for their better exploitation as feed ingredients.
Methods: Co-culture solid state fermentation (SSF) was carried at 30oC for 48 h by employing Candida utilis and Rhizopus oligosporus on various agricultural byproducts like wheat bran, rice bran and rice polish. After that the fermented agricultural byproducts were dried in hot air oven at 80oC and analyzed to compare with unfermented byproducts.
Results: The results of the proximate analysis showed that crude protein contents increased significantly (p≤0.05) in all the fermented substrates with concurrent decrease in nitrogen free extract (NFE) contents. A significant reduction in anti nutritional content (phytic acid) was also observed in fermented products whereas values of mineral contents [calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P)] were found high. Resultantly, high mineral contents improved Ca: P ratio in the fermented products. Shelf life study showed that the fermented substrates were nutritionally stable and no significant changes in nutritional values were observed up to 90 days.
Conclusion: All these results showed that the fermented substrates are nutritionally better and can be successfully exploited as animal feed for better growth of livestock.
The effects of fetal hemoglobin levels on sickle cell anemia patients bone biochemistry / Fetal hemoglobin seviyesinin orak hücre anemisi hastalarının kemik biyokimyası üzerine etkisi
Authors: Kökbaş Umut , Yenilmez Ebru Dündar , Tuli Abdullah , Alparslan Zeliha Nazan , Kayrın Levent 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible roles of fetal hemoglobin levels on bone parameters in sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients.
Methods: Blood samples taken from 56 SS and 47 control totally 103 subjects were included in this research work according to their fetal hemoglobin levels. Fetal hemoglobin, bone mineral density, bone specific alkaline phosphatase, calcium, osteocalcin, 25-OH vitamin D and hematological parameters were measured and analyzed in the study.
Results: Statistical analysis showed that, lower bone mineral density and biochemical bone parameters significantly correlated with low fetal hemoglobin levels at SCA patients.
Conclusion: It was concluded that fetal hemoglobin level is a good index for bone status in sickle cell anemia patients.
A Slowing Down of Circadian Rhythms by Lithium Ions
Authors: Engelmann Wolfgang 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Unter the permanent influence of lithium ions the circadian rhythm of movement of Kalanchoe petals is effectively lengthened but a pulse administered up to 12 hours has no influence. Lithium ions could also be demonstrated to similarly slow down the circadian activity rhythm of a small mammal (Meriones crassus).
It is hypothesized that the therapeutic effect of lithium salts in endogenous depressions in human beings may result also from its acting on the human circadian system
Simultaneous Measurements of DNA Synthesis and DNA Methylation in Higher Organisms
Authors: Ieter Lutz D , Engel Klaus , Kröger Hans 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Different ways for studying DNA synthesis and DNA methylation were investigated. On the one hand the reactions were measured by incorporation of several specific precursors, taking into ac­ count that pool alterations might influence the results. The best way to avoid this is the direct conversion of DNA cytosine to DNA 5-methyl-cytosine by using [14C]-cytidine. According to our results we propose to calculate the correct DNA methylation rate in term of the specific radio­ activity of the separated DNA bases
Indol-3-essigsäure induzierte Calciumionen- abgabe bei Maiskoleoptilzylindern / 3-Indol Acetic Acid Induced Efflux of Calciumions by Maize Coleoptile Sections
Authors: Janistyn Boris 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
3-Indol acetic acid, calcium, adenosin-3':5'-monophosphat (c-AMP), maize coleoptile sections
Immature Neurons and Radial Glia, But Not Astrocytes or Microglia, Are Altered in Adult Cntnap2 and Shank3 Mice, Models of Autism
Authors: Cope Elise C. , Briones Brandy A. , Brockett Adam T. , Martinez Susana , Vigneron Pierre-Antoine , Opendak Maya , Wang Samuel S.-H. , Gould Elizabeth 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is often associated with cognitive deficits and excessive anxiety. Neuroimaging studies have shown atypical structure and neural connectivity in the hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and striatum, regions associated with cognitive function and anxiety regulation. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is involved in many behaviors that are disrupted in ASD, including cognition, anxiety, and social behaviors. Additionally, glial cells, such as astrocytes and microglia, are important for modulating neural connectivity during development, and glial dysfunction has been hypothesized to be a key contributor to the development of ASD. Cells with astroglial characteristics are known to serve as progenitor cells in the developing and adult brain. Here, we examined adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus, as well as astroglia and microglia in the hippocampus, mPFC, and striatum of two models that display autism-like phenotypes, Cntnap2−/−and Shank3+/ΔCtransgenic mice. We found a substantial decrease in the number of immature neurons and radial glial progenitor cells in the ventral hippocampus of both transgenic models compared with wild-type controls. No consistent differences were detected in the number or size of astrocytes or microglia in any other brain region examined. Future work is needed to explore the functional contribution of adult neurogenesis to autism-related behaviors as well as to temporally characterize glial plasticity as it is associated with ASD.
Impact of Stewardship on Inhaled Nitric Oxide Utilization in a Neonatal ICU
Authors: Elmekkawi Amir , More Kiran , Shea Jennifer , Sperling Christina , Da Silva Zelia , Finelli Michael , Rolnitsky Asaph , Jankov Robert P. 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVES:Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) remains the “gold standard” therapy for hypoxemic respiratory failure in newborns. Despite good quality evidence to guide iNO use in this population, we observed considerable practice variation, particularly in timing and rate of weaning. To promote evidence-based practice, we launched an iNO stewardship program in April 2013. Our objective was to determine whether iNO stewardship led to changes in iNO utilization and weaning.METHODS:We conducted a quality improvement project in an outborn quaternary NICU, targeting improved iNO guideline compliance. We compared patterns of iNO utilization between 2 cohorts: prestewardship (April 2011–March 2013; retrospective data collection) and poststewardship (April 2013–March 2015; prospective data collection).RESULTS:Eighty-seven neonates received 88 courses of iNO in the 2 years prestewardship, and 64 neonates received 64 courses of iNO in the 2 years poststewardship. There were no significant differences (P &gt; .05) in patient demographics, in the proportion of patients receiving iNO “off-label,” in proportion initiated at the referring hospital, or in outcomes (death or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation). There were significant (P &lt; .05) reductions in median total hours on iNO per patient (47 vs 20; P &lt; .001), in iNO hours per patient from maximum dose to initial wean (28 vs 9; P &lt; .01), and in hours from initial wean to discontinuation (14 vs 8; P &lt; .05).CONCLUSIONS:The introduction of iNO stewardship was associated with improved adherence to evidence-based guidelines and an overall reduction in total and per-patient iNO use.
A Qualitative Study of Family Experience With Hospitalization for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Atwood Emily C. , Sollender Grace , Hsu Erica , Arsnow Christine , Flanagan Victoria , Celenza Joanna , Whalen Bonny , Holmes Alison V. 
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Although the incidence of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in the United States quintupled between 2000 and 2012, little is known about the family perspective of the hospital stay. We interviewed families to understand their experiences during the newborn hospitalization for NAS and to improve family-centered care.

METHODS:
A multidisciplinary team from 3 hospital units composed open-ended interview questions based on a literature review, clinical experience, and an internal iterative process. Trained investigators conducted semi-structured interviews with 20 families of newborns with NAS at hospital discharge. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Two investigators independently analyzed each transcript, identified themes via an inductive qualitative approach, and reached a consensus on each code. The research team sorted the themes into broader domains through an iterative process that required consensus of 4 team members.

RESULTS:
Five domains of family experience were identified: parents’ desire for education about the course and treatment of NAS; parents valuing their role in the care team; quality of interactions with staff (supportive versus judgmental) and communication regarding clinical course; transfers between units and inconsistencies among providers; and external factors such as addiction recovery and economic limitations.

CONCLUSIONS:
Families face many challenges during newborn hospitalization for NAS. Addressing parental needs through improved perinatal education, increased involvement in the care team, consistent care and communication, and minimized transitions in care could improve the NAS hospital experience. The results of this qualitative study may allow for improvements in family-centered care of infants with NAS.
ЩОДО ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕЧНОСТІ РИБНИХ РЕСУРСІВ КРЕМЕНЧУЦЬКОГО ВОДОСХОВИЩА
Authors: Головко М.П. , Головко Т.М. , Крикуненко Л.О. 
Published: September 2016

У статті наведені дані щодо актуальності проведення наукових досліджень рибних ресурсів Кременчуцького водосховища. Проведений аналіз споживання та вилову рибної продукції в Україні. Встановлено, що підвищення рівня забезпечення населення України рибою та рибною продукцією можливе за рахунок раціонального використання потенціалу всіх внутрішніх прісноводних водосховищ, зокрема Кременчуцького. Проаналізовано зростання рівня вилову судака, сома, товстолоба, окуня. Це вимагає розробки заходів з формування якості продукції з цієї риби. Протягом останніх років є стабільним рівень вилову коропу, ляща, судака та інших видів прісноводних риб. Це дає підставу підприємствам харчової промисловості, торгівлі та науковим колам акцентувати увагу на ці види риб саме з метою розширення асортименту рибної продукції. Наведено дані щодо екологічної ситуації водосховища в межах міста Черкаси та Черкаської області, як одного із чинників впливу на якість та безпечність рибних ресурсів. Встановлена відсутність явищ техногенного забруднення водосховища, що дозволяє без обмежень використовувати рибу з цього водоймища на харчові цілі. Ключові слова: продовольча безпека, водосховище, рибні ресурси, динаміка вилову та споживання.
Theaters of Pain: Violence and Photography
Authors: Nouzeilles Gabriela 
Published: September 2016

The Photograph is violent.—Roland Barthes, Camera LucidaWho are you, who will look at these photographs, and by what right, and what will you do about it?—James Agee, Let Us Now Praise Famous MenIn His Entry for Eye in Le Dictionnaire Critique (1929-30), Georges Bataille Refers to the Human Compulsion to Look as a response to a “blind thirst for blood,” triggered by the spectacle of extreme violence, including torture. But why, Bataille wonders, would someone's “absurd eyes be attracted, like a cloud of flies, to something so repugnant?” (19). He attributes to the human eye the cannibalistic disposition that comes from our “inexplicable acuity of horrors” and from the disturbing fascination that the eye itself exerts over our sensibility. The extreme seductiveness of the eye, Bataille hints, is probably “at the very edge of horror” (17). He connects the unstable edge that separates such contradictory responses with the idea of the eye as a critical tool, in which “critical” refers to the act of discerning and the act of cutting—as shown in the infamous opening of Tuis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí's film Un chien andalou (“An Andalusian Dog” [1929]), when the eye of a young woman is sliced open by a razor in front of the camera. This violence against embodied (and sexualized) vision points not only to the notion of the eye as a misleading mimetic apparatus but also to the image of the eye as a hole or gap. The split eye is resignified as ocular replication, which, unexpectedly, triggers the proliferation of images and the loss of sight that come from seeing too much. Indeed, the swarm of eyes that populates Bataille's visual imagery grimly alludes to the compulsion to watch violent acts to the point of blindness.
Unsettlers and Speculators
Authors: Gruesz Kirsten Silva 
Published: September 2016

Considering that it was summertime, the weather in New England was puzzlingly cold. Nonetheless, the men in the seabeaten wooden ship offered thanks, in the Protestant fashion, for the bounty of fresh provisions: oysters and seals; vast herds of deer, tule elk, and pronghorn. Mutual curiosity informed their encounters with the people they met. The English admired their extraordinary basketwork, their shell ornaments, their headpieces of brilliant black condor feathers.If the bio- and ethnoscapes of this New England sketch seem a little off, it is because I have moved its longitudal coordinates west by fifty degrees and spun the time setting of an originary North American encounter back by several decades. The English sailors and supplicants were not Puritan separatists but the remainder of Sir Francis Drake's circumnavigation expedition, which made landfall along the Pacific coast—by most estimates, in northern California—in 1579. The story of their several weeks' stay there is speculative in many senses. The fortuitously named Golden Hind returned loaded with treasure; the marker that Drake supposedly placed near his landfall buttressed unfulfilled English territorial claims for many years after; and in our own day historians, anthropologists, and geographers both trained and untrained continue to debate the precise location of Nova Albion. This is the very stuff of which counterfactual histories and speculative historical fictions are made: what if other Englishmen had later returned with settlers and supplies? If the English colonial project along the North American Pacific had rooted itself earlier, and farther south than Vancouver, would its later pattern of settlement have pulsed west to east across the continent instead of east to west?
Comportement du Merlot franc de pied et greffe en sol de graves de la région de Bordeaux, influence de la fertilisation azotée *
Authors: Delas Jacques 
Published: September 2016

<p style="text-align: justify;">L'étude de l'influence de la fertilisation azotée excessive sur le comportement en sol de graves du Merlot franc de pied ou greffé a donné les résultats suivants :</p><ul><li>la vigueur des souches, la production, la qualité de la récolte, la composition des feuilles, la sensibilité aux atteintes de <em>Botrytis cinerea</em> ou aux dégâts du gel sont modifiées par le greffage et par la nature du porte-greffe ;</li><li>l'apport d'azote en excès augmente la vigueur des souches mais réduit leur production, car il entraîne une diminution de la fertilité et un accroissement de la coulure et du millerandage ;</li><li>la sensibilité aux atteintes de <em>Botrytis cinerea</em> semble dépendre davantage du porte-greffe que de la fertilisation azotée.</li></ul><p style="text-align: justify;">+++</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The role of a nitrogen overfertilization concerning the growth of Merlot variety ungrafted or grafted is studied. Vigour of vines, quantity and quality of the harvest, composition of leaves, sensibility to <em>Botrytis cinerea</em> and to the frost changes with grafting and with the type of stock. An excess of nitrogen increases the vigour of vines but decreases the production following to a decrease of the fertility and an increase of fruit drop and millerandage. The sensibility to <em>Botrytis cinerea</em> is in connection with stock more than with nitrogen fertilization.</p><hr /><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;">* Communication au Symposium International d'Ecologie de la Vigne (25-29 septembre 1978) à Constanza (Roumanie).</p>
Influence du greffage sur la nutrition minérale de la vigne. Conséquences sur la fertilisation *
Authors: Delas Jacques , Pouget Roger 
Published: September 2016

<p style="text-align: justify;">Le greffage modifie la nutrition minérale de la vigne, la sensibilité aux carences, la réponse aux fumures. La teneur en éléments minéraux des limbes et des pétioles est la résultante d'un double effet (« effet greffon » et « effet porte-greffe ». Chacun de ces effets joue un rôle plus ou moins déterminant selon la nature des variétés.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Les conséquences de ces résultats concernent la sélection de la vigne (recherche de variétés plus résistantes aux carences et aux toxicités minérales) et sa fertilisation (adaptation des fumures aux exigences et aux réponses des diverses associations).</p><p style="text-align: justify;">+++</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Grafting changes mineral nutrition of the grapevine, sensibility to deficiencies, responses to fertilization. The level of mineral elements of leaf blades and petioles results from a double effect (graft effect and rootstock effect). Each other of these is more or less important according to varieties.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">These results can be applied to selection of the grapevine (to obtain varieties more resistant to deficiencies and to mineral toxicities) and toits fertilization (adaptation of fertilizers to demands and responses of different associations).</p><hr /><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;">(*) Communication présentée en Anglais ou 14<sup>e</sup> Colloque de l'Institut International de la Potasse, à Séville (21-25 mai 1979).</p>
Replicating ¡Cuídate!: 6-Month Impact Findings of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kelsey Meredith , Layzer Carolyn , Layzer Jean , Price Cristofer , Juras Randall , Blocklin Michelle , Mendez Jacqueline 
Published: September 2016

Objectives. To test whether ¡Cuídate!, a program culturally adapted for Hispanic youths, affects sexual risk behavior. Methods. We evaluated 3 replications of ¡Cuídate! in California, Arizona, and Massachusetts in a randomized controlled trial (registry no. NCT02540304) in which 2169 primarily Hispanic participants were randomly assigned to an intervention (n = 1326) or a control (n = 870) group. Youths were surveyed at baseline (September 2012–April 2014) and 6 months postbaseline (March 2013–October 2014). We estimated pooled and subgroup impacts using a regression framework with baseline covariates to increase statistical precision (1216 youths analyzed in the treatment group, 806 analyzed in the control group). Results. We found no impacts on the study’s primary outcomes of recent sexual activity or recent unprotected sexual activity. However, ¡Cuídate! improved knowledge (10%–20% increase; P < .001), attitudes (effect size = .24; P < .001), and skills (effect size = .14; P = .002). Exploratory subgroup analyses suggest potentially problematic effects for some groups. Conclusions. Findings suggest that ¡Cuídate! was effective in improving youths’ knowledge and attitudes. However, after 6 months, these changes did not translate to improvements in reported sexual risk behaviors.