bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Split face evaluation of long‐pulsed non‐ablative 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser for treatment of direct browplasty scars
Authors: Tenzel Phillip A. , Patel Karan , Erickson Benjamin P. , Shriver Erin M. , Grunebaum Lisa D. , Alabiad Chrisfouad R. , Lee Wendy W. , Wester Sara T. 
Published: August 2016

PurposeTo investigate 1,064 nm long‐pulse Nd:YAG laser for postoperative treatment of direct browplasty scars.MethodsNine patients who underwent direct browplasty were enrolled in this prospective study. Subjects were randomized to unilateral laser treatment at 2‐week intervals for six total treatments, with the contralateral scar used as a control. Prior to each treatment, subjects rated treated and control scars on overall cosmesis. Post‐treatment, subjects rated each for erythema, swelling, discomfort, and perceived hair loss. Finally, examiners masked to treatment side were asked to judge side‐by‐side photographs of first and final visits for improvement and side effects.ResultsSubjects rated the overall appearance of the treated scar significantly higher at the time of treatment number 5 (mean score 5.13 ± 2.03, P = 0.008) and treatment number 6 (6.25 ± 1.98, P = 0.005) compared to treatment 1 (3.75 ± 2.12); by contrast, they failed to rate the control scar more highly. On masked examination of photographs, the treated scar was selected as most improved 50.0 ± 12.5% of the time. Both subjects and graders reported side effects as transient and mild to moderate (mean score 1–4), with no reports of hair loss from either subjects or observers.ConclusionsThe 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser provided significant improvement in scar cosmesis after direct browplasty, as rated by subject self‐report, but not by masked observers, and appears to be a useful tool for increasing satisfaction among those dissatisfied with direct browplasty scars. Side effects—including erythema, edema, and discomfort—were transient and universally rated as mild to moderate. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:742–747, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MR neurography for the evaluation of CIDP
Authors: Ishikawa Tomomasa , Asakura Kunihiko , Mizutani Yasuaki , Ueda Akihiro , Murate Ken‐Ichiro , Hikichi Chika , Shima Sayuri , Kizawa Madoka , Komori Masako , Murayama Kazuhiro , Toyama Hiroshi , Ito Shinji , Mutoh Tatsuro 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTIntroduction: To visualize peripheral nerves in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), we used MR imaging. We also quantified the volumes of the brachial and lumbar plexus and their nerve roots. Methods: Thirteen patients with CIDP and 12 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Whole‐body MR neurography based on diffusion‐weighted whole‐body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS) was performed. Peripheral nerve volumes were calculated from serial axial MR images. Results: The peripheral nervous system was visualized with 3‐dimensional reconstruction. Volumes ranged from 8.7 to 49.5 cm3/m2 in the brachial plexus and nerve roots and from 10.2 to 53.5 cm3/m2 in the lumbar plexus and nerve roots. Patients with CIDP had significantly larger volumes than controls (P < 0.05), and volume was positively correlated with disease duration. Conclusions: MR neurography and the measurement of peripheral nerve volume are useful for diagnosing and assessing CIDP. Muscle Nerve 55: 483–489, 2017
A new potential function for the calculation of contact forces in the combined finite–discrete element method
Authors: Yan C.Z. , Zheng H. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryAlthough the potential contact force proposed by Munjiza overcomes the difficulties inherent in the traditional discrete element methods, the physical meaning of the potential is not clear and the contact force derived from the original potential function is strongly dependent on the mesh configuration. In this study, we redefine a potential function and propose a new contact force calculation method based on a unified standard. Moreover, the new potential function retains all the advantages of the original potential function but has less mesh dependency. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust shortest path planning and semicontractive dynamic programming
Authors: Bertsekas Dimitri P. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn this article, we consider shortest path problems in a directed graph where the transitions between nodes are subject to uncertainty. We use a minimax formulation, where the objective is to guarantee that a special destination state is reached with a minimum cost path under the worst possible instance of the uncertainty. Problems of this type arise, among others, in planning and pursuit‐evasion contexts, and in model predictive control. Our analysis makes use of the recently developed theory of abstract semicontractive dynamic programming models. We investigate questions of existence and uniqueness of solution of the optimality equation, existence of optimal paths, and the validity of various algorithms patterned after the classical methods of value and policy iteration, as well as a Dijkstra‐like algorithm for problems with nonnegative arc lengths.© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 66:15–37, 2019
Use of a new proximity assay (NanoBRET) to investigate the ligand‐binding characteristics of three fluorescent ligands to the human β1‐adrenoceptor expressed in HEK‐293 cells
Authors: Soave Mark , Stoddart Leigh A. , Brown Alastair , Woolard Jeanette , Hill Stephen J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPrevious research has indicated that allosteric interactions across the dimer interface of β1‐adrenoceptors may be responsible for a secondary low affinity binding conformation. Here we have investigated the potential for probe dependence, in the determination of antagonist pKi values at the human β1‐adenoceptor, which may result from such allosterism interactions. Three fluorescent β1‐adrenoceptor ligands were used to investigate this using bioluminescence energy transfer (BRET) between the receptor‐bound fluorescent ligand and the N‐terminal NanoLuc tag of a human β1‐adrenoceptor expressed in HEK 293 cells (NanoBRET). This proximity assay showed high‐affinity‐specific binding to the NanoLuc‐ β1‐adrenoceptor with each of the three fluorescent ligands yielding KD values of 87.1 ± 10 nmol/L (n = 8), 38.1 ± 12 nmol/L (n = 7), 13.4 ± 2 nmol/L (n = 14) for propranolol‐Peg8‐BY630, propranolol‐ β(Ala‐Ala)‐BY630 and CGP‐12177‐TMR, respectively. Parallel radioligand‐binding studies with 3H‐CGP12177 and TIRF microscopy, to monitor NanoLuc bioluminescence, confirmed a high cell surface expression of the NanoLuc‐ β1‐adrenoceptor in HEK 293 cells (circa 1500 fmol.mg protein−1). Following a 1 h incubation with fluorescent ligands and β1‐adrenoceptor competing antagonists, there were significant differences (P < 0.001) in the pKi values obtained for CGP20712a and CGP 12177 with the different fluorescent ligands and 3H‐CGP 12177. However, increasing the incubation time to 2 h removed these significant differences. The data obtained show that the NanoBRET assay can be applied successfully to study ligand‐receptor interactions at the human β1‐adrenoceptor. However, the study also emphasizes the importance of ensuring that both the fluorescent and competing ligands are in true equilibrium before interpretations regarding probe dependence can be made.
Enhanced quantum size effect in Li and Na clusters via rare gas doping
Authors: Bo Maolin , Guo Yongling , Liu Yonghui , Peng Cheng , Huang Yongli , Sun Chang Q. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAlbeit its chemical inertness, rare gas doping can substantially enhance the quantum size effect of nanocrystals, yet little attention has been paid on this fascination and the mechanism behind remains unclear. Here, we show that the rare gas dopant breaks bonds of its neighboring atoms, which effects the same to atomic under‐coordination on the bond strain, energy quantum entrapment, and valence electron polarization of Li and Na clusters. Consistency between density functional theory calculation and the bond‐order‐length‐strength correlation prediction revealed that the bond strain by 16.86% and 21.12% before and after He doping for Na30 clusters. Observations suggest an effective yet simple means to modulate the physical properties by doping the inert gases.
Distributed hierarchical control design of coupled heterogeneous linear systems under switching networks
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Kang , Wang Yan‐Wu , Xiao Jiang‐Wen , Yang Wu 
Published: August 2016

SummaryIn this paper, the distributed hierarchical control design is investigated for cooperations of heterogeneous linear systems subjected to the switching networks, where each subgraph of switching networks is allowed to be disconnected. Each heterogeneous system contains uncontrollable states and evolves in different dimension with different dynamics. The hierarchical control framework proposed in this paper consists of distributed hierarchical controllers, which contain the upper‐layers dealing with the communication topologies and the lower‐layers dealing with the heterogeneity of the systems. Under the framework, the cooperation problem of heterogeneous linear systems is decoupled into a cooperation problem of homogeneous virtual systems in the upper‐layer and tracking problems of each single systems in the lower‐layer. These two layers are designed based on the optimal control method and the output regulation method, respectively. Under the hierarchical control framework, the leader‐following consensus of heterogeneous linear systems is achieved and the result is extended to the formation control problem. Finally, numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Dynamic Integrated Evaluation Model (DIEM): Achieving Sustainability in Organizational Intervention through a Participatory Evaluation Approach
Authors: von Thiele Schwarz Ulrica , Lundmark Robert , Hasson Henna 
Published: August 2016

AbstractRecently, there have been calls to develop ways of using a participatory approach when conducting interventions, including evaluating the process and context to improve and adapt the intervention as it evolves over time. The need to integrate interventions into daily organizational practices, thereby increasing the likelihood of successful implementation and sustainable changes, has also been highlighted. We propose an evaluation model—the Dynamic Integrated Evaluation Model (DIEM)—that takes this into consideration. In the model, evaluation is fitted into a co‐created iterative intervention process, in which the intervention activities can be continuously adapted based on collected data. By explicitly integrating process and context factors, DIEM also considers the dynamic sustainability of the intervention over time. It emphasizes the practical value of these evaluations for organizations, as well as the importance of their rigorousness for research purposes. © 2016 The Authors. Stress and Health published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Are We All in the Same Boat? The Role of Perceptual Distance in Organizational Health Interventions
Authors: Hasson Henna , von Thiele Schwarz Ulrica , Nielsen Karina , Tafvelin Susanne 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe study investigates how agreement between leaders' and their team's perceptions influence intervention outcomes in a leadership‐training intervention aimed at improving organizational learning. Agreement, i.e. perceptual distance was calculated for the organizational learning dimensions at baseline. Changes in the dimensions from pre‐intervention to post‐intervention were evaluated using polynomial regression analysis with response surface analysis. The general pattern of the results indicated that the organizational learning improved when leaders and their teams agreed on the level of organizational learning prior to the intervention. The improvement was greatest when the leader's and the team's perceptions at baseline were aligned and high rather than aligned and low. The least beneficial scenario was when the leader's perceptions were higher than the team's perceptions. These results give insights into the importance of comparing leaders' and their team's perceptions in intervention research. Polynomial regression analyses with response surface methodology allow three‐dimensional examination of relationship between two predictor variables and an outcome. This contributes with knowledge on how combination of predictor variables may affect outcome and allows studies of potential non‐linearity relating to the outcome. Future studies could use these methods in process evaluation of interventions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Monitoring of the ground‐dwelling beetle community and forest floor environment in 22 temperate forests across Japan
Authors: Niwa Shigeru , Toyota Ayu , Kishimoto Toshio , Sasakawa Kôji , Abe Shin , Chishima Takeshi , Higa Motoki , Hiura Tsutom , Homma Kosuke , Hoshino Daisuke , Ida Hideyuki , Kamata Naoto , Kaneko Yohei , Kawanishi Motohiro , Kobayashi Kazutaka , Kubota Kaname , Kuraji Koichiro , Masaki Takashi , Niiyama Kaoru , Noguchi Mahoko , Nomiya Haruto , Saito Satoshi , Sakimoto Michinori , Sakio Hitoshi , Sato Shigeho , Shibata Mitsue , Takashima Atsushi , Tanaka Hiroshi , Tashiro Naoaki , Tokuchi Naoko , Torikai Hisahiro , Yoshida Toshiya 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis data paper reports census data of ground‐dwelling beetle and other fauna of the forest floor environment; collections were made from a network of 22 forest sites in Japan. To our knowledge, this represents the largest dataset for long‐term monitoring of a ground‐dwelling beetle community and other taxa in a ground environment in forests, which covers a broad climatic range in the temperate zone and is freely available. The network forms part of the Monitoring Sites 1000 Project launched by the Ministry of the Environment, Japan. It covers subalpine, cool‐ and warm‐temperate and subtropical climatic zones and the four major forest types of Japan. Thirty‐three permanent plots usually 1 ha in size were established in old‐growth, secondary natural and a few plantation forests. Censuses of the ground‐dwelling beetle community were conducted using pitfall trapping and forest floor environment monitoring every year from 2004 to the present. During the initial 9 years of the census (2004–2012), 59,762 beetle individuals (including 3182 larvae) of more than 314 species were recorded. This dataset includes taxonomy and biomass of each beetle individual and each taxonomic group of other invertebrates coincidently captured in pitfall trapping. The dataset also includes data related to ground coverage by forest floor vegetation, dry mass of the accumulated organic litter layer, and carbon and nitrogen contents and cellulose decomposition rate in organic layer and surface mineral soil. The data could be used to investigate geographical patterns and intra‐ and inter‐annual dynamics of individual body mass, populations and community structures of ground‐dwelling beetles, and their relationships with the forest floor environment. Furthermore, the data could be analyzed with other open datasets related to tree community dynamics and litter fall continuously measured in the same study plots. This dataset also provides information related to the distribution and average body mass of each beetle species.
Experimental Studies to Constrain Parental Magma of Malangtoli Volcanics from Singhbhum Craton of the Eastern Indian Shield
Authors: Banerjee Mousumi , Ray Jyotisankar , Adhikary Nupur , Nandy Sandip , Manikyamba C. , Paul Madhuparna , Chakraborty Dola , Eslami Alireza 
Published: August 2016

Abstract:
Malangtoli volcanics of the Singhbhum craton of the eastern Indian shield is one of the important Proterozoic lava suites. Experimental studies on 1 atmosphere pressure constrain the parental magma type and temperature range of crystallization of the parent magma (deduced to be in the range of 15000C to 12000C). The experimental studies show that at 15000C, plagioclase is the first phase to crystallize, followed by few opaques which join along with plagioclase at 14500C. At subsequent lower temperature (14000C-13000C), plagioclase and opaque continue to crystallize. At 12500C plagioclase and opaque still persist while pyroxene appears first and liquid (glass) still remains. Appearance of opaque minerals (magnetite and illmenite) at both ~14000C and ~13000C indicate oscillation of oxygen fugacity in the parent magma, petrographically documented by coarser phenocrysts as well as finer or peripheral tiny grains. Use of tectonic discrimination diagrams (based on discrimination factors F1-F2 and FeOt/MgO vs. TiO2) shows an island arc tholeiitic affinity for Malangtoli volcanic, suggests that the role of proto-plate convergence in Singhbhum architecture played an important role to build up Malangtoli volcanics during Proterozoic.
Molecular mechanism of hepatic steatosis: pathophysiological role of autophagy
Authors: Wang Kewei 
Published: August 2016

Steatosis is an early characteristic in the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease (FLD). Mechanisms of hepatic steatosis are aetiology-dependent. Activation of autophagy in liver ameliorates hepatic steatosis. A modulation of hepatic autophagy affects the degree of hepatocyte steatosis and the progression of FLD as demonstrated by pre-clinical models and clinical trials. This review summarises recent advances on pathophysiological roles of autophagy in hepatic lipid metabolism. A comprehensive regulation of autophagic networks holds promise for the improvement of hepatic steatosis. Autophagic signalling pathway may be a novel therapeutic target against FLD.Highlights:
•Hepatic steatosis is a pathological condition wherein vacuoles of triglyceride (TG) fat are overaccumulated in liver because of abnormal metabolism of lipids.•Hepatic autophagy regulates lipid metabolism as demonstrated by macrolipophagy in response to starvation and hepatic overabundance of TG in obesity.•Autophagic signals are closely associated with apoptotic pathways. There is distinctive relationship between hepatic autophagy and apoptosis, which affects the progression of fatty liver.•Regulation of autophagic process can be a novel therapeutic strategy for fatty liver disease.
Experience With Rapid Microarray-Based Diagnostic Technology and Antimicrobial Stewardship for Patients With Gram-Positive Bacteremia
Authors: Neuner Elizabeth A. , Pallotta Andrea M. , Lam Simon W. , Stowe David , Gordon Steven M. , Procop Gary W. , Richter Sandra S. 
Published: August 2016

OBJECTIVETo describe the impact of rapid diagnostic microarray technology and antimicrobial stewardship for patients with Gram-positive blood cultures.DESIGNRetrospective pre-intervention/post-intervention study.SETTINGA 1,200-bed academic medical center.PATIENTSInpatients with blood cultures positive for Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium, Streptococcus pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, S. anginosus, Streptococcus spp., and Listeria monocytogenes during the 6 months before and after implementation of Verigene Gram-positive blood culture microarray (BC-GP) with an antimicrobial stewardship intervention.METHODSBefore the intervention, no rapid diagnostic technology was used or antimicrobial stewardship intervention was undertaken, except for the use of peptide nucleic acid fluorescent in situ hybridization and MRSA agar to identify staphylococcal isolates. After the intervention, all Gram-positive blood cultures underwent BC-GP microarray and the antimicrobial stewardship intervention consisting of real-time notification and pharmacist review.RESULTSIn total, 513 patients with bacteremia were included in this study: 280 patients with S. aureus, 150 patients with enterococci, 82 patients with stretococci, and 1 patient with L. monocytogenes. The number of antimicrobial switches was similar in the pre–BC-GP (52%; 155 of 300) and post–BC-GP (50%; 107 of 213) periods. The time to antimicrobial switch was significantly shorter in the post–BC-GP group than in the pre–BC-GP group: 48±41 hours versus 75±46 hours, respectively (P<.001). The most common antimicrobial switch was de-escalation and time to de-escalation, was significantly shorter in the post-BC-GP group than in the pre–BC-GP group: 53±41 hours versus 82±48 hours, respectively (P<.001). There was no difference in mortality or hospital length of stay as a result of the intervention.CONCLUSIONSThe combination of a rapid microarray diagnostic test with an antimicrobial stewardship intervention improved time to antimicrobial switch, especially time to de-escalation to optimal therapy, in patients with Gram-positive blood cultures.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;1–6
When Dental Enamel is Put to the Acid Test: Pretreatment Effects and Radiocarbon Dating
Authors: Hopkins Rachel J A , Snoeck Christophe , Higham Thomas F G 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe influence of hydrochloric acid pretreatment on F14C and radiocarbon dates from dental enamel was investigated. Samples from modern equine incisors, a Roman cattle molar, and a Paleolithic woolly rhino molar were sampled and subsequently divided into five fractions. Each fraction was pretreated with a different acid solution, analyzed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dated at the Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit (ORAU). When compared to a control date (e.g. dentine collagen), better results were observed when increased concentrations of hydrochloric acid solution were used in the chemical pretreatment. This pilot study suggests that decontamination of younger samples may be possible. However, for more fossilized samples with a high level of contamination (e.g. from the European Paleolithic), acid pretreatment under the conditions used in this study does not remove all contamination.
Differences in metabolic biomarkers in the blood and gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells among normal weight, mildly obese and moderately obese subjects
Authors: Jung Un Ju , Seo Yu Ri , Ryu Ri , Choi Myung-Sook 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe compared metabolic biomarkers in the blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) gene expression profiles among normal weight (BMI, 18·5–23 kg/m2), mildly obese (BMI, 25–27·5 kg/m2) and moderately obese Korean adult men (BMI, 27·5–30 kg/m2). High leptin, lipids (except LDL- and HDL-cholesterol) and apoB levels and low adiponectin and HDL-cholesterol levels were present in the plasma of both mildly and moderately obese subjects. Circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines and markers of insulin resistance, oxidative stress and liver damage were altered in moderately obese subjects but not in mildly obese subjects. PBMC transcriptome data showed enrichment of pathways involved in energy metabolism, insulin resistance, bone metabolism, cancer, inflammation and fibrosis in both mildly and moderately obese subjects. Signalling pathways involved in oxidative phosphorylation, TAG synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism and insulin production; mammalian target of rapamycin, forkhead box O, ras-proximate-1, RAS and transforming growth factor-β signalling; as well as extracellular matrix–receptor interaction were enriched only in moderately obese subjects, indicating that changes in PBMC gene expression profiles, according to metabolic disturbances, were associated with the development and/or aggravation of obesity. In particular, fourteen and fifteen genes differentially expressed only in mildly obese subjects and in both mildly and moderately obese subjects, respectively, could be used as early or stable biomarkers for diagnosing and treating obesity-associated metabolic disturbance. We characterised BMI-associated metabolic and molecular biomarkers in the blood and provided clues about potential blood-based targets for preventing or treating obesity-related complications.