bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of demographic and personality characteristics on fashion shopping proneness
Authors: Roy Subhadip , Sethuraman Raj , Saran Rashmita 
Published: April 2016

Purpose– The global fashion industry is growing at a rapid pace and developing nations such as India are emerging as major contributors to the same. In such case, most academics and marketers are interested in the variables that influence fashion shopping. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of consumer demographic and personality characteristics on fashion shopping proneness (FSP) in India.Design/methodology/approach– Data were collected from 561 respondents using mall intercept survey method. Hypothesized relationships were assessed using multiple regression and structural equation modelling.Findings– Traditional view that younger and female consumers are more fashion prone than older and male consumers is validated. However, demographics accounted for only 9 per cent of the variance in FSP while personality characteristics accounted for 46 per cent. Being agreeable, extroverted, open minded, and stable are all positively associated with fashion shopping.Research limitations/implications– The study finds both personality dimensions and consumer demographics to influence FSP. As a limitation, the authors do not probe deep into the why and how of the mentioned relationships between personality and fashion buying.Practical implications– With respect to demographics, managers could target young females as the primary segment for fashion clothing but cannot ignore young males and older females. With respect to personality, managers can appeal to agreeable, extroverted, open-minded personalities by linking novelty, fun, relaxation, and recreation with fashion buying.Originality/value– This is one of the first attempts that simultaneously investigates the effects of demographic and personality characteristics on fashion shopping behaviour in India.
Female spectators as customers at National Football League games
Authors: Harrison C. Keith , Bukstein Scott , McPherson Botts Ginny , Lawrence Suzanne Malia 
Published: April 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate female National Football League (NFL) spectators’ preferences and feedback in regard to various customer service components of the NFL game day experience. The primary components with respect to female spectators’ choices, preferences, and feedback are as follows: apparel and other merchandise; food and beverage; restrooms and facility cleanliness; tailgating and parking; participants’ decision to attend an NFL game; and participants’ perceptions of the NFL. A core objective was to learn more about the female decision-making process and overall experience at NFL games.Design/methodology/approach– All data were collected during the 2012-2013 NFL regular season. Four different data collections were conducted at two NFL stadiums to investigate the game day experiences of women at NFL games. Previous research was used as a basis for creating survey questions about the female game day experience. In this study, an open-ended questionnaire contained both quantitative and qualitative questions, both forms of data were collected and analyzed, and researchers made both quantitative and qualitative interpretations based on the data.Findings– Findings and results indicated women are diverse customers. Sport organizations need to focus on the minor details that reflect how individuals experience a brand and product, as these sport organizations have the opportunity to enhance the female customer experience and retain existing female customers if the organizations systemically listen to and communicate with the female customer at NFL games. The NFL and individual NFL teams should include female spectators in the brand strategy process. Female customers of the NFL can be powerful brand loyalists and outstanding brand ambassadors.Originality/value– This research study provides an investigation of the preferences and perceptions of women spectators at NFL games. One contribution of the current study is that researchers have accepted the challenge by some researchers calling for more complexity with researching gender and attempting to shift some of the ways in which women are viewed as fans and spectators. However, what is key with the approach in the current study is that researchers allowed the women to be heard with respect to their game day experiences, perceptions, and thoughts about their identity as a spectator.
Interactions between plants and primates shape community diversity in a rainforest in Madagascar
Authors: Herrera James P. 
Published: April 2016

Summary

Models of ecological community assembly predict how communities of interacting organisms may be shaped by abiotic and biotic factors. Competition and environmental filtering are the predominant factors hypothesized to explain community assembly.

This study tested the effects of habitat, phylogenetic and phenotypic trait predictors on species co‐occurrence patterns and abundances, with the endemic primates of Madagascar as an empirical system.

The abundance of 11 primate species was estimated along gradients of elevation, food resource abundance and anthropogenic habitat disturbance at local scales in south‐east Madagascar. Community composition was compared to null models to test for phylogenetic and functional structure, and the effects of phylogenetic relatedness of co‐occurring species, their trait similarity and environmental variables on species’ abundances were tested using mixed models and quantile regressions.

Resource abundance was the strongest predictor of community structure. Where food tree abundance was high, closely related species with similar traits dominated communities. High‐elevation communities with lower food tree abundance consisted of species that were distantly related and had divergent traits. Closely related species had dissimilar abundances where they co‐occurred, partially driven by trait dissimilarity, indicating character displacement.

By integrating local‐scale variation in primate community composition, evolutionary relatedness and functional diversity, this study found strong evidence that community assembly in this system can be explained by competition and character displacement along ecological gradients.
Within guild co‐infections influence parasite community membership: a longitudinal study in African Buffalo
Authors: Henrichs Brian , Oosthuizen Marinda C. , Troskie Milana , Gorsich Erin , Gondhalekar Carmen , Beechler Brianna R. , Ezenwa Vanessa O. , Jolles Anna E. 
Published: April 2016

Summary

Experimental studies in laboratory settings have demonstrated a critical role of parasite interactions in shaping parasite communities. The sum of these interactions can produce diverse effects on individual hosts as well as influence disease emergence and persistence at the population level.

A predictive framework for the effects of parasite interactions in the wild remains elusive, largely because of limited longitudinal or experimental data on parasite communities of free‐ranging hosts.

This 4‐year study followed a community of haemoparasites in free‐ranging African buffalo (Syncerus caffer). We detected infection by 11 haemoparasite species using PCR‐based diagnostic techniques, and analyzed drivers of infection patterns using generalized linear mixed models to understand the role of host characteristics and season on infection likelihood. We tested for (i) effects of co‐infection by other haemoparasites (within guild) and (ii) effects of parasites infecting different tissue types (across guild).

We found that within guild co‐infections were the strongest predictors of haemoparasite infections in the buffalo; but that seasonal and host characteristics also had important effects. In contrast, the evidence for across‐guild effects of parasites utilizing different tissue on haemoparasite infection was weak.

These results provide a nuanced view of the role of co‐infections in determining haemoparasite infection patterns in free living mammalian hosts. Our findings suggest a role for interactions among parasites infecting a single tissue type in determining infection patterns.
Herbivory mediates the long‐term shift in the relative importance of microsite and propagule limitation
Authors: Eskelinen Anu , Saccone Patrick , Spasojevic Marko J. , Virtanen Risto 
Published: April 2016

SummaryMicrosite and propagule limitation are predicted to jointly influence plant community assembly and diversity, with shifts in their relative contributions under different ecological conditions. Mammalian herbivory can also exhibit strong impact on community assembly and diversity. However, to date few studies have considered how herbivory might interact with propagule and microsite limitation and how herbivory might alter their relative importance. Even fewer studies have examined how these processes manifest over time to influence community assembly.In fenced and grazed tundra communities that varied in soil moisture, we manipulated propagule limitation by adding seeds of 14 species and manipulated microsite limitation through a one‐time disturbance treatment which reduced resident community biomass. We then followed these communities for 11 years to assess the long‐term impacts of these processes on community assembly and richness.Herbivory interacted with soil moisture to promote long‐term establishment of seeded species: seed addition increased species richness and this effect persisted over 11 years but only in grazed plots, and in drier conditions. Seed addition and herbivory also interacted to drive community composition. Disturbance initially resulted in greater richness and community divergence, but the effect weakened over time, whereas the effects of herbivory in general strengthened.Synthesis. Our results show that herbivory interacts with environmental conditions to mediate the relative importance of microsite and propagule limitation on community assembly; however, its impacts may only become detectable over longer time‐scales. Moreover, our results suggest that herbivory may be a key biotic modulator of community assembly in low‐productivity ecosystems and that incorporating trophic interactions (such as herbivory) into hypotheses about community assembly may provide a better understanding of the relative importance of different assembly mechanisms.
Comparison of clinical efficacy and renal safety of telbivudine and entecavir in chronic hepatitis B patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy
Authors: Law Siu‐Tong , Lee Ming Kai , Lee Ann Shing , Tung Yuk , Li Kin Kong 
Published: April 2016

ObjectiveLimited data is available on the clinical outcomes of telbivudine (LdT) and entecavir (ETV) in pre‐emptive antiviral chemoprophylaxis. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and renal safety of LdT and ETV in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who received cytotoxic chemotherapy.MethodsAltogether 290 treatment‐naïve CHB patients undergoing intense chemotherapy were enrolled to receive daily 600 mg of LdT or 0.5 mg of ETV as pre‐emptive antiviral chemoprophylaxis.ResultsThe ETV group had significantly higher proportion of patients with undetectable hepatitis B viral (HBV) DNA load compared with LdT at week 24 (73.0% vs 50.3%, P = 0.000). The cumulative rates of virological breakthrough in the LdT and ETV groups were 9.15% and 3.65% at the second year of therapy, respectively (P = 0.059), which was associated with detectable HBV DNA at week 24 (P = 0.000). The MELD score of the LdT group was significantly lower than that of the ETV group after the first year (4.53 vs 7.53, P = 0.002) and the second year (1.96 vs 7.09, P = 0.000) of antiviral therapy. Moreover, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was significantly improved in the LdT group than in the ETV group after two years of antiviral therapy.ConclusionLdT has a lower clinical efficacy in viral suppression than ETV, but LdT is associated with greater extent of improvement in liver and renal functions of patients in pre‐emptive prophylaxis for cytotoxic chemotherapy.
Caribbean corals house shared and host‐specific microbial symbionts over time and space
Authors: Chu Nathaniel D. , Vollmer Steven V. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThe rise of coral diseases has triggered a surge of interest in coral microbial communities. But to fully understand how the coral microbiome may cause or respond to disease, we must first understand structure and variation in the healthy coral microbiome. We used 16S rRNA sequencing to characterize the microbiomes of 100 healthy coral colonies from six Caribbean coral species (Acropora cervicornis, A. palmata, Diploria labyrinthiformis, Diploria strigosa, Porites astreoides and P. furcata) across four reefs and three time points over 1 year. We found host species to be the strongest driver of coral microbiome structure across site and time. Analysis of the core microbiome revealed remarkable similarity in the bacterial taxa represented across coral hosts and many bacterial phylotypes shared across all corals sampled. Some of these widespread bacterial taxa have been identified in Pacific corals, indicating that a core coral microbiome may extend across oceans. Core bacterial phylotypes that were unique to each coral were taxonomically diverse, suggesting that different coral hosts provide persistent, divergent niches for bacteria.
Gypsum amendment to rice paddy soil stimulated bacteria involved in sulfur cycling but largely preserved the phylogenetic composition of the total bacterial community
Authors: Wörner Susanne , Zecchin Sarah , Dan Jianguo , Todorova Nadezhda Hristova , Loy Alexander , Conrad Ralf , Pester Michael 
Published: April 2016

SummaryRice paddies are indispensable for human food supply but emit large amounts of the greenhouse gas methane. Sulfur cycling occurs at high rates in these water‐submerged soils and controls methane production, an effect that is increased by sulfate‐containing fertilizers or soil amendments. We grew rice plants until their late vegetative phase with and without gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) amendment and identified responsive bacteria by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Gypsum amendment decreased methane emissions by up to 99% but had no major impact on the general phylogenetic composition of the bacterial community. It rather selectively stimulated or repressed a small number of 129 and 27 species‐level operational taxonomic units (OTUs) (out of 1883–2287 observed) in the rhizosphere and bulk soil, respectively. Gypsum‐stimulated OTUs were affiliated with several potential sulfate‐reducing (Syntrophobacter, Desulfovibrio, unclassified Desulfobulbaceae, unclassified Desulfobacteraceae) and sulfur‐oxidizing taxa (Thiobacillus, unclassified Rhodocyclaceae), while gypsum‐repressed OTUs were dominated by aerobic methanotrophs (Methylococcaceae). Abundance correlation networks suggested that two abundant (>1%) OTUs (Desulfobulbaceae, Rhodocyclaceae) were central to the reductive and oxidative parts of the sulfur cycle.
A Pseudomonas putida cbrB transposon insertion mutant displays a biofilm hyperproducing phenotype that is resistant to dispersal
Authors: Amador Cristina I. , López‐ Sánchez Aroa , Govantes Fernando , Santero Eduardo , Canosa Inés 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThe CbrAB two‐component system in the Pseudomonads controls a variety of metabolic and behavioural traits required for its adaptation to changing environmental conditions, including the uptake or assimilation of certain carbon sources, and processes such as chemotaxis or stress tolerance. In this work we characterize a miniTn5‐luxAB‐Km transposon insertion mutant in cbrB (MPO406) in Pseudomonas putida leading to a biofilm overproducing phenotype that is not dispersed when nutrients are depleted. Comparison with a cbrB deletion mutant revealed that all phenotypes previously attributed to CbrB in P. putida correlated in both strains, with the exception of biofilm overproduction and absence of dispersal. We show that in the insertion mutant, the expression of the downstream regulatory RNA CrcZ is upregulated, and also show the presence of a truncated form of CbrB. Also, two additional point mutations in lapG and lapD have been detected in MPO406 by whole genome sequencing. Combination of these effects provides a robust biofilm overproducing phenotype. We present the mutant strain MPO406 as a good candidate to perform bio‐production of substances of biotechnological interest or other processes such as bioremediation, which take advantage of immobilized cells on solid surfaces.
Predictors and Outcomes of Pediatric Firearm Injuries Treated in the Emergency Department: Differences by Mechanism of Intent
Authors: Monuteaux Michael C. , Mannix Rebekah , Fleegler Eric W. , Lee Lois K. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractObjectiveFirearm injuries among children are a major clinical and public health concern and one of the leading causes of pediatric fatalities. Our objective was to investigate differences in predictors and clinical outcomes between self‐inflicted, violent, and unintentional pediatric firearm injuries for patients who present to pediatric emergency departments (EDs).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of patients 0 to 21 years old treated in 37 pediatric academic EDs from 2004 to 2014. Patients were classified into the injury intent categories of self‐inflicted, violent, and unintentional firearm injury using the International Classification of Diseases, 9th edition, Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM) diagnoses and external causes of injury codes. Multivariable multinomial regression models compared groups.ResultsWe identified 9,628 firearm injuries from 2004 to 2014: 109 (1%) self‐inflicted, 2,394 (25%) violent, and 7,125 (74%) unintentional. Male sex, increasing age, nonwhite race, public insurance, residing in an urban zip code, and lower zip code–level median household income were all independently associated with violent firearm injuries, relative to self‐inflicted and unintentional injuries. Self‐inflicted injuries were at the highest risk for hospital admission, death, intensive care unit services, surgical services, and increased length of stay, followed by violent injuries with intermediate risk and unintentional injuries at the lowest riskConclusionsSelf‐inflicted, violent, and unintentional firearm injuries in children had distinct demographic risk factors and clinical and utilization outcomes. Targeted prevention and intervention efforts should be developed to reduce the incidence and severity of these injuries.
Acute temperature effects on function of the chick embryonic heart
Authors: Vostarek F. , Svatunkova J. , Sedmera D. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAimWe analysed the effects of acute temperature change on the beating rate, conduction properties and calcium transients in the chick embryonic heart in vitro and in ovo.MethodsThe effects of temperature change (34, 37 and 40 °C) on calcium dynamics in isolated ED4 chick hearts in vitro were investigated by high‐speed calcium optical imaging. For comparison and validation of in vitro measurements, experiments were also performed in ovo using videomicroscopy. Artificial stimulation experiments were performed in vitro and in ovo to uncover conduction limits of heart segments.ResultsDecrease in temperature from 37 to 34 °C in vitro led to a 22% drop in heart rate and unchanged amplitude of Ca2+ transients, compared to a 25% heart rate decrease in ovo. Increase in temperature from 37 to 40 °C in vitro and in ovo led to 20 and 23% increases in heart rate, respectively, and a significant decrease in amplitude of Ca2+ transients (atrium −35%, ventricle −38%). We observed a wide spectrum of arrhythmias in vitro, of which the most common was atrioventricular (AV) block (57%). There was variability of AV block locations. Pacing experiments in vitro and in ovo suggested that the AV blocks were likely caused by relative tissue hypoxia and not by the tachycardia itself.ConclusionThe pacemaker and AV canal are the most temperature‐sensitive segments of the embryonic heart. We suggest that the critical point for conduction is the connection of the ventricular trabecular network to the AV canal.
Atropinic burden of drugs during pregnancy and psychological development of children: a cohort study in the EFEMERIS database
Authors: Beau Anna‐Belle , Montastruc Jean‐Louis , Lacroix Isabelle , Montastruc François , Hurault‐Delarue Caroline , Damase‐Michel Christine 
Published: April 2016

AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of in utero exposure to drugs with atropinic properties on infant psychological development using atropinic burden (AB) scales.MethodsWomen from the EFEMERIS cohort, a French database including prescribed and dispensed reimbursed drugs during pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes, delivering between 2004 and 2010 were included (n = 43 740). Each drug was classified as having no (score = 0), few (score = 1) or strong (score = 3) atropinic properties. AB per woman was calculated by adding the atropinic scores of drugs prescribed during pregnancy. AB was categorized as exposure or no exposure. Secondary analyses were performed by dividing the exposure into four scores = [0], [1–8], [9–17] and [≥18]. Data for psychological development were extracted from children's medical certificates completed at 9 and 24 months.ResultsThirty‐four% (n = 14 925) of women received at least one atropinic drug during pregnancy. Women with AB ≥1 were older and received more drugs during pregnancy than unexposed women. At 24 months, more infants of mothers with AB ≥1 had difficulties to ‘name a picture’ (ORa, 1.18, 95% CI 1.03, 1.36) and to ‘understand instructions’ (ORa, 1.61, 95% CI 1.13, , 2.30]) compared with infants of unexposed women. Analyses of four groups of exposure and analyses excluding women receiving psychotropics led to similar results.ConclusionsThe study showed significant association between in utero exposure to drugs with atropinic properties and fewer infant cognitive acquisitions at 24 months. Further exploring the potential effect of simultaneous use of drugs with atropinic effects among pregnant women will bring into consideration whether such prescriptions could be inappropriate for the child.