bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perinatal HIV infection and opportunistic infectious pathology: morphological features of the placenta
Authors: Kolobov A. V. 
Published: September 2024

Opportunistic infections account for more than 90% of all deaths associated with immunosuppression resulting from exposure to the human immunodeﬁciency virus (HIV). Fatal opportunistic infections include Pneumocystis pneumonia, cryptococcosis, cytomegalovirus infection, and viral hepatitis B and/or C. HIV-infected pregnant women have a high incidence of cytomegalovirus infection, which increases the risk of transplacental transmission of HIV from mother to fetus. In addition, an important factor in perinatal transmission of HIV is a genital infection caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 detected during pregnancy in HIV-infected women. Also, at present, there is no doubt about the possibility of damage to placental cells by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its transplacental transmission.The aim of this study was to study the morphological features of the placenta in the presence of opportunistic infections caused by viruses of the herpes family (herpes simplex viruses types 1/2, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus), as well as SARS-CoV2 in HIV-infected pregnant women.Materials and methods. A study was conducted of 21 placentas with various pregnancy outcomes in HIV-infected women, including 12 placentas obtained as a result of term birth, 1 placenta from premature birth at 29 weeks, and 8 observations of failed miscarriages (non-developing pregnancy).Results and discussion. Viral lesions were represented by the action of HIV with giant cell metamorphosis of trophoblast cells and placental macrophages, as well as inﬁltration by immunocompetent cells and ﬁbrosis of the villous stroma. In addition, groups of immature villi were identiﬁed, the edematous stroma of which contained an increased number of large cells with light nuclei. In HIV-infected pregnant women with immunosuppression, the outcome of pregnancy in 8 cases was a miscarriage with a morphologically detected and immunohistochemically conﬁrmed infection caused by herpes simplex virus types 1/2 (3 observations), cytomegalovirus (2 observations), and SARS-CoV-2 (3 observations), in 1 case the outcome of pregnancy was premature birth with morphologically identiﬁed and immunohistochemically conﬁrmed infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus.Conclusion. The placentas of HIV-infected pregnant women are characterized by impaired villous maturation with stromal ﬁbrosis, which is the morphological substrate of chronic placental insufficiency with varying degrees of compensation. If HIVinfected pregnant women have opportunistic infections caused by viruses of the herpes family (herpes simplex viruses types 1/2, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus), as well as SARS-CoV-2, pronounced involutive-dystrophic changes are observed in the placentas — perivillous deposition ﬁbrinoid, petriﬁcation, which increases the likelihood of an unfavorable pregnancy outcome in the form of miscarriage or premature birth.
Enhancing Athletic Well-Being: Unravelling the Impact of Social Support
Authors: Abdul Latif Rozita , Abdul Majeed Hasmiza , Tumijan Wahidah , Tajri Azman Ahmad , Rajli Mohammad Adzly , Hidayat Yusuf , Hambali Burhan 
Published: September 2024

Enhancing athletic well-being is integral to optimizing sports performance and overall health. Social support serves as a vital component in fostering athletic well-being, offering emotional, tangible, and informational assistance to athletes. This study examines the social support experienced by SUKMA athletes, focusing on support from friends, family, and significant others throughout their sports engagement. The primary objective is to explore the relationship between social support and psychological well-being among SUKMA athletes in Negeri Sembilan. A sample of 298 athletes completed the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and Psychological Well-being Scale. Findings reveal family support as the predominant source of social support, followed by significant others and friends. Notably, significant others exhibit a significant relationship with all elements of psychological well-being. Further research should delve into the nuanced dynamics of social support in athletic contexts through longitudinal and qualitative studies. Strategies to bolster social support networks within sports settings are recommended to enhance athletes' mental health and performance. Moreover, the study lays the groundwork for future research to explore the complexities of social support in athletic environments, advocating for longitudinal and qualitative approaches to better understand these dynamics.
Motivating Corporate Social Responsibility Investment and Social Impact through Relative Performance Information
Authors: Garrett Jace B. , McPhee Gregory P. , Way Dan 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Firms often struggle to motivate managers’ CSR performance, and little attention has been paid to how performance evaluation can assist in this effort. We address this gap by examining the effects of relative performance information (RPI) on risky CSR investment decisions. Compared to when no RPI is provided, we find that providing RPI based on the size or impact rate of CSR investments improves performance on the ranked dimension, although effects are weaker in more risk-averse managers. We also find that providing both types of RPI separately may lead to similar performance as providing just one type, and that RPI based on a single composite measure that combines performance dimensions leads to the greatest performance along each dimension. Our study contributes to research and practice by identifying how RPI can motivate larger, more impactful CSR investments and by highlighting the role that managers’ risk preferences can play in these decisions.
Data Availability: Data are available upon request.
Large Language Model GPT-4 Compared to Endocrinologist Responses on Initial Choice of Glucose-Lowering Medication Under Conditions of Clinical Uncertainty
Authors: Flory James H. , Ancker Jessica S. , Kim Scott Y.H. , Kuperman Gilad , Petrov Aleksandr , Vickers Andrew 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE
To explore how the commercially available large language model (LLM) GPT-4 compares to endocrinologists when addressing medical questions when there is uncertainty regarding the best answer.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This study compared responses from GPT-4 to responses from 31 endocrinologists using hypothetical clinical vignettes focused on diabetes, specifically examining the prescription of metformin versus alternative treatments. The primary outcome was the choice between metformin and other treatments.

RESULTS
With a simple prompt, GPT-4 chose metformin in 12% (95% CI 7.9–17%) of responses, compared with 31% (95% CI 23–39%) of endocrinologist responses. After modifying the prompt to encourage metformin use, the selection of metformin by GPT-4 increased to 25% (95% CI 22–28%). GPT-4 rarely selected metformin in patients with impaired kidney function, or a history of gastrointestinal distress (2.9% of responses, 95% CI 1.4–5.5%). In contrast, endocrinologists often prescribed metformin even in patients with a history of gastrointestinal distress (21% of responses, 95% CI 12–36%). GPT-4 responses showed low variability on repeated runs except at intermediate levels of kidney function.

CONCLUSIONS
In clinical scenarios with no single right answer, GPT-4’s responses were reasonable, but differed from endocrinologists’ responses in clinically important ways. Value judgments are needed to determine when these differences should be addressed by adjusting the model. We recommend against reliance on LLM output until it is shown to align not just with clinical guidelines but also with patient and clinician preferences, or it demonstrates improvement in clinical outcomes over standard of care.
ISLAMIC LAW AND LOCAL WISDOM: EXPLORING LEGAL SCIENTIFIC POTENTIAL IN INTEGRATING LOCAL CULTURAL VALUES
Authors: Insani Nur , B. Sumiyati , Karimullah Suud Sarim , Gönan Yavuz , Sulastri Sulastri 
Published: September 2024

This study provides a richer and more holistic view of how Islamic law and local cultural values can be integrated effectively and harmoniously in regulating the lives of heterogeneous Muslim communities. The research method adopted in this study is library research with an integrative and comprehensive literature analysis approach to identify concepts, theories, techniques, and findings that have been put forward by previous researchers regarding the relationship between Islamic law and local wisdom by looking for patterns, similarities, differences, and trends that emerge from the analyzed literature. The results show that Islamic law, through its flexible conceptual framework, facilitates the integration of local cultural values into legal practice, maintaining its relevance in diverse social and cultural contexts. This integration process not only strengthens local cultural identity in the face of globalization but also supports social harmony by defusing cultural conflicts and strengthening community coherence. Furthermore, it creates an inclusive and fair legal system, recognizing and respecting individual diversity. This integration contributes to knowledge development by demonstrating how laws adaptive to cultural contexts can support sustainability and social justice in heterogeneous societies.
VIZUALIZACIJA AUTOSAR LOGGING/TRACING PROTOKOLA
Authors: Planojevic Mladen 
Published: September 2024

U ovom radu obrađeno je jedno rješenje alata za vizualizaciju AUTOSAR logging/tracing protokola. Rješenje omogućava prikaz izvršavanja izvršnih jedinica u okviru sistema u realnom vremenu koji je baziran na AUTOSAR arhitekturi, na osnovu čega je moguće izvšiti analizu i poboljšanje performansi sistema.
Protective effect of Eurycoma Longifolia Extract on High-Fat Diet- induced histopathological changes in the Islets of Langerhans and Kidneys of Rats
Authors: Al-Ani Imad M. , Ku-Zaifah Norsidah , Matloub Gheed I. 
Published: September 2024

Obesity has emerged as public health problems, potentially guiding to many diseases such as diabetes mellitus type 2 and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aims of the present investigation were to explore possible protective effect of Eurycoma longifolia (EL) extract on the islets of Langerhans and kidneys of high-fat diet (HFD) fed rats. Twenty four healthy adult male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into four groups (n=6) and treated for 12 weeks; normal control (ND) group received only normal diet, Group NDEL was received normal diet and EL, Group HFD received HFD only, Group HFDEL received HFD and EL extracts. The animals were scarified at the end of the 12th week; the kidneys and pancreatic tissues were fixed in 10% formal saline and processed for histological studies.
The HFD group revealed hypertrophy of the pancreatic islets with congested blood vessels, vacuolization and injured cells. The kidney sections from the HFD treated group exhibited sever damage in the renal corpuscle and tubules. Treatment with EL extract produced an enhancement in tissue damage produced by HFD feeding in the kidneys and pancreatic islets. These observations confirmed positive valuable outcomes of EL extract against the HFD induced-cellular oxidative injury in the pancreatic islets and the kidneys.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA INTERAKTIF KLASIFIKASI MAHLUK HIDUP PADA SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 1 DENPASAR
Authors: Suryanti Kusuma Aniek , Welda  
Published: September 2024

Proses pembelajaran dengan memanfaatkan sumber belajar khususnya media pembelajaran, selama ini di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Denpasar pada pembelajaran IPA peserta didik hanya menggunakan media ajar berupa buku paket dan buku Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKS) yang diedarkan oleh pihak sekolah untuk peserta didik miliki atau beli. Guru IPA khususnya di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Denpasar selama ini dalam mengajar hanya berpedoman pada buku paket atau LKS yang tersedia. Media yang digunakan dalam penyampaian materi saat proses belajar mengajar masih konvesional berupa media papan tulis, buku paket, LKS, slide PPT dengan menggunakan metode ceramah yang monoton sehingga murid merasa bosan. Berdasarkan hasil kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada guru dan siswa dipandang perlu adanya pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis interaktif, guna menjadikan suasana pembelajaran menjadi lebih bervariasi. Penelitian ini mendapatkan responden pada awal penelitian sebanyak 34 responden dari peserta didik SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Denpasar dengan menyebarkan kuesioner online, setelah didapatkan hasil perhitungan persentase, dapat diambil sebuah kesimpulan bahwa 80% peserta didik menjawab ya untuk materi pembelajaran klasifikasi makhluk hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membantu peserta didik agar lebih memahami materi klasifikasi makhluk hidup dengan media pembelajaran yang menarik, efektif dan praktis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode research and development (R&D), yang menggunakan tahapan model akses ADDIE. Media Interaktif ini akan diuji dengan pengujian tingkat pemahaman siswa, uji materi dan uji ahli media.

Kata Kunci : Media Interaktif, Klasifikasi Makhluk Hidup, ADDIE
Efektivitas Penggunaan Vitamin B12 dalam Terapi Nyeri Punggung Bawah
Authors: Darmawan Guntur , Gianina Claresta , Liman Lie Monica Sherine , Hartanto Hartanto 
Published: September 2024

Pendahuluan: Nyeri punggung bawah (NPB) merupakan kondisi nyeri tubuh yang sering dialami oleh manusia yang disebabkan oleh cedera otot atau ligamen. Keadaan nyeri pada punggung bawah biasanya disebabkan oleh postur tubuh yang buruk, tidak melakukan aktivitas fisik secara teratur, postur tubuh yang salah saat mengangkat beban berat, ataupun artritis. Hingga saat ini terdapat berbagai pilihan modalitas terapi NPB. Tinjauan Pustaka ini ditulis untuk mengevaluasi pemberian vitamin B12 sebagai terapi pada pasien NPB.
Metode: Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematik dilakukan dengan cara pencarian literatur yang bersumber dari Pubmed, Proquest, dan Google Cendekia.
Hasil: Didapatkan 3 studi dari berbagai negara yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Ketiga studi tersebut menunjukkan pemberian vitamin B12 dalam berbagai sediaan menghasilkan penurunan visual analogue scale (VAS) pada pasien NPB.
Simpulan: Vitamin B12 memiliki potensi sebagai salah satu modalitas terapi pada pasien NPB.
Tratamento de mordida aberta anterior com alinhadores ortodônticos
Authors: Cardoso Karina , Rocha Aurélio de Oliveira , Souza Bruna Borges , Mulinari Julia , Garcia Julia Maldonado , Rocha Daniele Março de Sousa , Fantinel Lauren Arrua , Anjos Lucas Menezes dos , Zatt Fernanda Pretto , Cardoso Mariane 
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Analisar de forma abrangente evidências disponíveis sobre tratamento de mordida aberta anterior com alinhadores ortodônticos. Métodos: Aplicou-se estratégia de busca no PubMed, com termos associados a “Clear Aligners AND Open Bite”, a fim de realizar uma revisão integrativa sobre o tema. Foram aplicados filtros para publicações com texto completo e com data de publicação dos últimos 5 anos. A seleção dos artigos ocorreu a partir de títulos, resumos ou texto completo. Os dados coletados foram respectivamente: autores, ano de publicação, desenho de estudo, objetivo principal e conclusão. Resultados: Inicialmente foram encontrados 275 artigos. Destes, somente 41 foram publicados nos últimos cinco anos e 38 apresentavam o texto completo. Após análise, foram incluídos nessa revisão integrativa 10 artigos. Alinhadores ortodônticos corrigiram a mordida aberta anterior através de movimentos de intrusão molar, extrusão e retração de incisivos, rotação mandibular no sentido anti-horário e diminuição da altura facial. Mini-implantes, mini-placas, elásticos verticais, attachments otimizados, micro-osteoperfurações e vibração de alta frequências, foram utilizados para otimizar a movimentação. Considerações finais: Com base nos estudos incluídos, parece ser possível tratar mordida aberta anterior com alinhadores ortodônticos, principalmente para casos leves e moderados.
THE INFLUENCE OF IRRIGATION ON THE HUMUS STATE AND FERTILITY OF MEADOW SOILS IN THE DESERT ZONE OF THE ZERAFSHAN VALLEY
Authors: Хашимов Ф.Х. , Ташкенбаев О.Н. , Кубаева М.Т. 
Published: September 2024

Представляемые исследования направлены на изучение современного гумусного состояния почв Зерафшанской долины. Изучено влияние длительности орошения на качество гумуса (групповой состав) почв сероземного пояса и пустынной зоны. В данной статье показаны некоторые результаты исследований гумусного состояния гидроморфных почв пустынной зоны Зерафшанской долины отличающихся давностью орошения. На отдельно выделенных, с учетом содержания и качества гумуса, наблюдательных участках изучена взаимосвязь гумусного состояния почвы и эффективности минеральных удобрений. По мере увеличения давности орошения наблюдалось улучшение качества гумуса во всех исследуемых почвах. Длительное окультуривание орошаемых лугово-сероземных почв пустынной зоны при орошаемом земледелии, влияет не только на накопление органического вещества, но и на повышение уровня плодородия почвы, в том числе и эффективность использования сельскохозяйственными растениями элементов питания из вносимых в эти почвы минеральных удобрений.
The purpose of the work is to study the current humus state of soils in the Zerafshan Valley. The influence of irrigation duration on the quality of humus (group composition) of soils in the grey earth soil belt and desert zone was studied. This article shows some results of studies of the humus state of hydromorphic soils in the desert zone of the Zerafshan valley, differing in the age of irrigation. At separately selected observation sites, taking into account the content and quality of humus, the influence of the humus status of the soil on the effectiveness of mineral fertilizers was studied. As the duration of irrigation increased, an improvement in the quality of humus was observed in all studied soils. Long-term cultivation of irrigated meadow-grey soils of the desert zone during irrigated agriculture affects not only the accumulation of organic matter, but also an increase in the level of soil fertility, including the efficiency of agricultural plants using nutrients from mineral fertilizers applied to these soils.
A Filosofia Hebraica de Franz Rosenzweig
Authors: GUARNIERI MARIA CRISTINA MARIANTE 
Published: September 2024

Franz Rosenzweig (1886-1929) é consideradopor muitos autores como um grande expoente dopensamento judaico. Iniciou seus estudos em medicina,mas aos vinte anos assume seu interesse porhistória e pela filosofia e, em 1908, inicia a sua tese dedoutorado sobre a filosofia de Hegel. Paralelamente Ã spesquisas sobre Hegel, Rosenzweig experimenta apossibilidade de converter-se ao cristianismo, masdescobre nessa busca que essa conversão não eramais necessária. Começa a seguir os cursos deHermann Cohen com o intuito de redescobrir o significadodas raízes judaicas. Este é o início de suareflexão sobre a questão teológica: um “novo pensamento”que possui como categoria fundamental aRevelação. Rosenzweig utiliza o judaísmo comométodo, o que faz dele um pensador religioso; seupensar sobre o problema teológico busca, conceitualmente,uma direção menos dependente da Grécia.Nossa intenção nesse ensaio é tratar do encontroentre filosofia e teologia no pensamento de FranzRosenzweig e seus desdobramentos na questão doconhecimento.
Uma saída do dilema de Eutífron
Authors: ZANGWIL NICK 
Published: September 2024

Defendo a visão de que a moralidade depende deDeus, contra o dilema de Eutífron, argumentando queas razões de Deus para determinar dependênciasmoral-naturais podem ser razões pessoais que têmconteúdo não moral. Eu evito a preocupação do“capricho arbitrário”, mas concedo que a explicaçãonão se estenda Ã bondade de Deus e sua vontade.Entretanto, dependências moral-naturais humanaspodem ser explicadas pela vontade de Deus. Então,uma versão ligeiramente restrita da teoria docomando divino é defensável.
É Possível Discutir Ética a Partir de Temor e Tremor? Possíveis Objeções a Teses Kierkegaardianas e seus Desdobramentos
Authors: DE PAULA MARCIO GIMENES 
Published: September 2024

A história de Abraão - e a ordem divina para osacrifício do seu filho Isaac ”“ é, como muitos de nóssabemos, a fonte de inspiração para algumas reflexõesde Kierkegaard em Temor e Tremor. A partir de talepisódio, Johannes de Silentio, o pseudonímico autorda obra, além de fazer uma ode Ã fé como a mais altadas paixões, questiona-se também acerca de umproblema que, segundo sua interpretação, parececentral, isto é, a suspensão teleológica da ética. Assim,o objetivo do presente artigo é investigar,notadamente a partir das reflexões de Kierkegaarduma possível interpretação para a suspensãoteleológica da moral, em que circunstâncias tal coisaefetivamente ocorre e como podemos inseri-la nosdebates éticos da filosofia do século XIX.
Digital Marketing melalui Instagram Dalam Membangun Jalur Pelanggan Pada Rumah Impi Kreatif Di Kota Makassar
Authors: Caezar To Tadampali Andi 
Published: September 2024

Digital Marketing menjadi alat penetrasi pasar yang sangat diperlukan bagi pengusaha atau perusahaan diera digitalisasi saat ini untuk menjangkau calon pelanggan secara luas. Media sosial khususnya instagram merupakan salah satu alat penerapan strategi digital marketing yang sangat populer dan sangat sesuai untuk membangun jalur pelanggan. Penelitian ini menjelaskan terkait strategi digital marketing melalui instagram sebagai media membangun jalur pelanggan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik studi literatur untuk mendapatkan data serta referensi. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapatkan diketahui bahwa penerapan digital marketing melalui instagram yang bertujuan untuk membangun jalur pelanggan sangat efektif dan efisian digunakan.
Pengaruh Desain Produk dalam Minat Beli konsumen untuk Meningkatkan Penjualan Pada Prodak Miniso
Authors: Mardatillah Andi Mahdiana 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari seberapa besar pengaruh desain produk dalam meningkatkan penjualan dan minat beli konsumen pada prodak miniso . penelitian ini di lakukan untuk mengukur seberapa besar pengaruh desain produk dlama minat beli konsumen karena saat ini konsumen tertarik membeli sesuatau karena desainya bukan fungsi, jenis pengumpulan data pada obyek penelitian, untuk menganalisis data tersebut dinamakan dengan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data deskripsi secara kuantitatif. hasil penelitian ini di dapat Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data dapat diketahui bahwa hasil penjualan di miniso tiap triwulan di tahun 2023 megalami peningkatan, variabel desain produk dan kualitas produk menunjukkan penjualan mengangalami peningkatan Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel desain produk dan kualitas produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian. Laba kotor mencapai RMB1.161,7 juta (US$169,2 juta), meningkat sebesar 64,4% dari tahun ke tahun Hаsil pеngujiаn mеnunjukkаn tеrdаpаt pеngаruh positif dаn signifikаn dаri kemasan produk dalam peningkatan penjualan Brаnd Miniso. Hаsil pеnеlitiаn ini dihаrаpkаn dаpаt mеnjаdi аcuаn bаgi pеnеliti sеlаnjutnyа. Pеnеlitiаn yаng sеrupа dаpаt dikеmbаngkаn mеnggunаkаn vаriаbеl-vаriаbеl аtаu objеk yаng bеrbеdа. Hаl ini ditujukаn аgаr tеrdаpаt hаsil pеnеlitiаn yаng lеbih vаriаtif dаri pеngаruh Dеsаin Kеmаsаn Produk Tеrhаdаp Kеputusаn Pеmbеliаn Dаn Dаmpаknyа peningkatan pendapatan penjualan