bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct Synthesis of an Iridium(III) Bipyridine Metal–Organic Framework as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Aerobic Alcohol Oxidation
Authors: Abednatanzi Sara , Derakhshandeh Parviz Gohari , Abbasi Alireza , Van Der Voort Pascal , Leus Karen 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe heterogenization of an IrIII complex is accomplished by the modification of a nanoporous Ga‐based metal–organic framework (MOF), denoted as COMOC‐4. The introduction of the Ir complex was performed successfully through two different strategies (post‐ and prefunctionalization). The obtained Ir‐based MOF materials were compared in terms of the Ir loading, specific surface area, and crystallinity. In this case, the prefunctionalization approach was a powerful way to obtain a high Ir loading and surface area and preserve the formation of the desired MOF topology. The IrIIICp*Cl@COMOC‐4 (Cp*=1,2,3,4,5‐pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) material exhibits a good catalytic performance in the oxidation of benzyl alcohol using O2 as a clean oxidant. Furthermore, the stability and reusability were examined and showed that the IrIIICp*Cl@COMOC‐4 material could be reused for at least four cycles with no decrease in activity and selectivity. Additionally, no significant leaching of the Ir and Ga species or loss of the crystallinity was observed.
Hydrophilic Quaternary Ammonium‐Group‐Containing [FeFe]‐Hydrogenase Models: Synthesis, Structures, and Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Song Li‐Cheng , Wang Yong‐Xiang , Xing Xu‐Kang , Ding Shu‐Da , Zhang Long‐Duo , Wang Xu‐Yong , Zhang Hong‐Tao 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe first quaternary ammonium‐group‐containing [FeFe]‐hydrogenase models [(μ‐PDT)Fe2(CO)4{κ2‐(Ph2P)2N(CH2)2NMe2BzBr}] (2; PDT=propanedithiolate) and [(μ‐PDT)Fe2(CO)4{μ‐(Ph2P)2N(CH2)2NMe2BzBr}] (4) have been prepared by the quaternization of their precursors [(μ‐PDT)Fe2(CO)4{κ2‐(Ph2P)2N(CH2)2NMe2}] (1) and [(μ‐PDT)Fe2(CO)4{μ‐(Ph2P)2N(CH2)2NMe2}] (3) with benzyl bromide in high yields. Although new complexes 1–4 have been fully characterized by spectroscopic and X‐ray crystallographic studies, the chelated complexes 1 and 2 converted into their bridged isomers 3 and 4 at higher temperatures, thus demonstrating that these bridged isomers are thermodynamically favorable. An electrochemical study on hydrophilic models 2 and 4 in MeCN and MeCN/H2O as solvents indicates that the reduction potentials are shifted to less‐negative potentials as the water content increases. This outcome implies that both 2 and 4 are more easily reduced in the mixed MeCN/H2O solvent than in MeCN. In addition, hydrophilic models 2 and 4 act as electrocatalysts and achieve higher icat/ip values and turnover numbers (TONs) in MeCN/H2O as a solvent than in MeCN for the production of hydrogen from the weak acid HOAc.
Dithienoindophenines: p‐Type Semiconductors Designed by Quinoid Stabilization for Solar‐Cell Applications
Authors: Ren Longbin , Fan Haijun , Huang Dazhen , Yuan Dafei , Di Chong‐an , Zhu Xiaozhang 
Published: September 2016

AbstractCompared with the dominant aromatic conjugated materials, photovoltaic applications of their quinoidal counterparts featuring rigid and planar molecular structures have long been unexplored despite their narrow optical bandgaps, large absorption coefficients, and excellent charge‐transport properties. The design and synthesis of dithienoindophenine derivatives (DTIPs) by stabilizing the quinoidal resonance of the parent indophenine framework is reported here. Compared with the ambipolar indophenine derivatives, DTIPs with the fixed molecular configuration are found to be p‐type semiconductors exhibiting excellent unipolar hole mobilities up to 0.22 cm2 V−1 s−1, which is one order of magnitude higher than that of the parent IP‐O and is even comparable to that of QQT(CN)4‐based single‐crystal field‐effect transistors (FET). DTIPs exhibit better photovoltaic performance than their aromatic bithieno[3,4‐b]thiophene (BTT) counterparts with an optimal power‐conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.07 %.
In‐situ production of polyethylene/cellulose nanocrystal composites
Authors: Mannan Tariq M. , Soares João B. P. , Berry Richard M. , Hamad Wadood Y. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTCellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are renewable, sustainable, and non‐toxic nanomaterials with high surface area, low density, and strength properties several times higher than many metals and polymers. Cellulose nanocrystals, however, are polar and hard to disperse in nonpolar polymers such as polyethylene. Considering that polyethylene is one of the most important commodity polymers today, a significant sector of the polymer market has not benefited yet from the remarkable properties of CNCs. In this article we present a novel method to overcome this difficulty. Our approach was to modify the surface of CNCs with bifunctional organic molecules having terminal vinyl groups that copolymerize, in‐situ, with ethylene using a constrained geometry catalyst. These hybrid materials compatibilize the hydrophilic CNC and the hydrophobic polyolefin phases, leading to good dispersion of the CNC phase in the polyethylene matrix.
Linear and nonlinear analyses of the effect of chemical reaction on the onset of buoyancy‐driven instability in a CO2 absorption process in a porous medium or Hele‐Shaw cell
Authors: Kim Min Chan , Wylock Christophe 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTo understand CO2 absorption into a basic solution saturated porous medium or a Hele‐Shaw cell, the effect of the chemical reaction between dissolved CO2 and the basic reactant in the solution on the onset of a buoyancy‐driven instability in a gas absorption process is analyzed theoretically. For the infinitely fast reaction, new linear and non‐linear stability equations are derived without the quasi‐steady state assumption (QSSA) and solved analytically. The present stability analysis without the QSSA shows that the important parameters are the dimensionless densification numbers and the reactant concentration ratio. For the physically unstable system, the chemical reaction can induce a non‐monotonic density profile and has an important effect on the onset of instability motion. The effect of the reactant concentration ratio on the stability of the system is strongly dependent on the physical situation. Here, we call the system which is physically stable when there is no chemical reaction as the physically stable system. Even for this physically stable system, the chemical reaction makes the system unstable and induces the gravitational fingering instability motion. Also, it is found that the stability of the physically stable system is relatively insensitive to the non‐monotonicity of the density profile.
Adult ciliary neurotrophic factor receptors help maintain facial motor neuron choline acetyltransferase expression in vivo following nerve crush
Authors: Lee Nancy , Rydyznski Carolyn E. , Rasch Matthew S. , Trinh Dennis S. , MacLennan A. John 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTExogenous ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) administration promotes the survival of motor neurons in a wide range of models. It also increases the expression of the critical neurotransmitter enzyme choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) by in vitro motor neurons, likely independent of its effects on their survival. We have used the adult mouse facial nerve crush model and adult‐onset conditional disruption of the CNTF receptor α (CNTFRα) gene to directly examine the in vivo roles played by endogenous CNTF receptors in adult motor neuron survival and ChAT maintenance, independent of developmental functions. We have previously shown that adult activation of the CreER gene construct in floxed CNTFRα mice depletes this essential receptor subunit in a large subset of motor neurons (and all skeletal muscle, as shown in this study) but has no effect on the survival of intact or lesioned motor neurons, indicating that these adult CNTF receptors play no essential survival role in this model, in contrast to their essential role during embryonic development. Here we show that this same CNTFRα depletion does not affect ChAT labeling in nonlesioned motor neurons, but it significantly increases the loss of ChAT following nerve crush. The data suggest that, although neither motor neuron nor muscle CNTF receptors play a significant, nonredundant role in the maintenance of ChAT in intact adult motor neurons, the receptors become essential for ChAT maintenance when the motor neurons are challenged by nerve crush. Therefore, the data suggest that the receptors act as a critical component of an endogenous neuroprotective mechanism. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:1206–1215, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Photocatalytic Properties of All Four Polymorphs of Nanostructured Iron Oxyhydroxides
Authors: Ali Feysal M. , Hmadeh Mohamad , O'Brien Paul G. , Perovic Doug D. , Ozin Geoffrey A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractFour different polymorphs of nanostructured iron oxyhydroxides, namely; goethite (α‐FeOOH), akaganeite (β‐FeOOH), lepidocrocite (γ‐FeOOH), and feroxyhyte (δ‐FeOOH) were synthesized and fully characterized by X‐ray diffraction, electron microscopy, UV/Visible spectrophotometry, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) measurements, and X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy. The relationship between these iron oxyhydroxide polymorphs and their photocatalytic properties was explored by examining the extent of methylene blue (MB) degradation by each polymorph under visible‐light irradiation. Feroxyhyte exhibited the best photocatalytic properties and degraded 85 % of the MB dye in five hours. In comparison, goethite, akaganeite, and lepidocrocite degraded only 40 %, 35 %, and 30 % of the MB in five hours, respectively. To understand this trend, the surface area, particle size and shape, and electronic band properties were systematically studied and discussed. It was found that the rate of MB degradation relates mainly to the surface area of the FeOOH polymorphs more than any other factor. This is the first report of a comparative study of the physical, electronic, and photocatalytic properties of all four polymorphs of nanostructured iron oxyhydroxides.
Hierarchical Hybrids of Mesoporous NiCo2O4 Needles/Graphene/Carbon Nanotubes with High Performance for Lithium Ion Batteries and Oxygen Reduction Reactions
Authors: Yan Yan , Liu Yuqing , Ni Weiyan , Wu Jinyan , Liu Mingkai , Liu Tianxi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) hierarchical NiCo2O4‐graphene/carbon nanotube (NiCo‐G/CNT) hybrids with NiCo2O4 needles deposited on a conductive G/CNT template have been facilely produced by a co‐precipitation method. Mesoporous NiCo2O4 needles endow the NiCo‐G/CNT hybrids with high specific surface area, which allows good electrolyte penetration and large electrode–electrolyte contact area, leading to fast ion and electron transfer and excellent strain accommodation. The unique hierarchical structures of NiCo‐G/CNT hybrids ensure complete exposure of their active sites and endow them with dual functionalities that allow them to serve as high‐performance electrodes for both lithium‐ion batteries and oxygen reduction reactions. In particular, the NiCo4‐G/CNT sample delivers a remarkable specific capacitance of 1392 mAh g−1 at current density of 0.1 A g−1, and achieves high electrocatalytic activity with long‐term stability for ORR. This preparation strategy is simple and effective, and can be conveniently extended to fabricate other kinds of binary‐oxide‐based materials for energy‐storage applications.
Bioinspired Rose‐Petal‐Like Substrates Generated by Electropolymerization on Micropatterned Gold Substrates
Authors: Darmanin Thierry , Bombera Radoslaw , Colpo Pascal , Valsesia Andrea , Laugier Jean‐Pierre , Rossi François , Guittard Frédéric 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSurfaces with high water‐adhesion properties are promising materials for different applications in the field of water treatment and management, such as for water‐harvesting systems or oil/water separation membranes. Herein, we developed rose‐petal‐like substrates that demonstrate interesting parahydrophobic character. This bioinspired material mimics the natural substrate thanks to a combination of two fabrication steps: (1) micropatterning to create a microstructured gold‐coated substrate consisting of square pillars and (2) an electropolymerization process generating nanostructures over the micropillars. Judicious choice of the micropatterning specifications (pillar diameter and pitch), the type of electropolymerizable monomer, and the electrochemical parameters produces a material with both extremely high water contact angles (up to 160°), while retaining a remarkably high water‐adhesion level. Our study suggests that a composite interface is expressed by the existence of the Wenzel state on the micropillars and the Cassie–Baxter state between the pillars (“Cassie‐filled nanostructure”), as observed during our contact‐angle measurements. Indeed, we show that the pitch should be small to obtain the optimal micropillar surface density. Moreover, a relatively low deposition charge of approximately 50 mC cm−2 is preferable for coating the square pillars exclusively with nanostructures.
Advanced Separators for Lithium‐Ion and Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: A Review of Recent Progress
Authors: Xiang Yinyu , Li Junsheng , Lei Jiaheng , Liu Dan , Xie Zhizhong , Qu Deyu , Li Ke , Deng Tengfei , Tang Haolin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractLi‐ion and Li–S batteries find enormous applications in different fields, such as electric vehicles and portable electronics. A separator is an indispensable part of the battery design, which functions as a physical barrier for the electrode as well as an electrolyte reservoir for ionic transport. The properties of the separators directly influence the performance of the batteries. Traditional polyolefin separators showed low thermal stability, poor wettability toward the electrolyte, and inadequate barrier properties to polysulfides. To improve the performance and durability of Li‐ion and Li–S batteries, development of advanced separators is required. In this review, we summarize recent progress on the fabrication and application of novel separators, including the functionalized polyolefin separator, polymeric separator, and ceramic separator, for Li‐ion and Li–S batteries. The characteristics, advantages, and limitations of these separators are discussed. A brief outlook for the future directions of the research in the separators is also provided.
Co‐tier downlink interference management in dense femtocell networks
Authors: Wang Hwang‐Cheng , Woungang Isaac , Ting Kuo‐Chang , Tseng Chih‐Cheng , Kuo Fang‐Chang , Huang Hung‐Te 
Published: September 2016

SummaryWith the adoption of long‐term evolution standard for 4G mobile communications, the deployment of femtocell base stations (FBSs) to cope with the surging traffic in mobile wireless communication is becoming increasingly popular. However, with the random installation of FBSs, the problem of interference among FBSs is still a challenge. In this paper, assuming the presence of a femtocell management system that can control and coordinate the densely deployed FBSs, a novel power backoff scheme is proposed that determines the appropriate transmit power of each FBS so that the interference is reduced. Simulation results for randomly deployed FBSs in an environment with shadowing using MATLAB are provided, showing that our proposed methods can effectively mitigate the co‐tier downlink interference while improving the system capacity in a densely deployed femtocell network with shared spectrum use. Quantitatively, the average interference is reduced by roughly 90% to 100% of dBm, and the average capacity is increased by more than 80%. These results attest to the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Diagnostic value of positive urinary cytology in the detection of recurrent urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Shanmugam Vignesh , Geraghty Brian , DeSimone Robert A. , Hoda Rana S. 
Published: September 2016

IntroductionUrothelial carcinoma (UCC) of the bladder is the most common malignancy of the urinary tract. The performance of urine cytology (UCy) after radical cystectomy (RC) and urinary diversion is quite variable and there is no consensus regarding its role in post‐treatment surveillance. The goal of this study is to retrospectively review the diagnostic value of positive (suspicious or positive for malignancy) diverted urine cytology (DUCy) in the detection of urinary tract recurrence of UCC.Materials and MethodsA retrospective 10‐year (January 2005 to January 2015) computerized search for all DUCy specimens was conducted. All suspicious (Susp) or positive for malignant cells (PMC) ThinPrep cases were identified and retrospectively reviewed. Clinical, surgical, and pathological follow‐up for patients with Susp or PMC UCy were tabulated and analyzed.ResultsDuring the 10‐year‐period, 1,525 DUCy cases from 408 patients were identified. Of these, 25 cases (1.64%) from 10 patients were called either Susp (13; 0.85%) or PMC (12; 0.79%). The 25 DUCy cases occurred within a mean of 20 months post‐RC. Out of 10 patients, 9 had a concurrent biopsy or a subsequent resection of the recurrent site. Of these 9 patients, 8 (89%) had subsequent biopsy or resection, which showed recurrent UCC. In 5/8 patients, positive DUCy was the very first manifestation of recurrence, which was subsequently confirmed by imaging or histology.ConclusionIt is our experience that patients with positive UCy after RC have a high likelihood of recurrent UCC and should be counseled and managed accordingly. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:975–979. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Carboxylated and undercarboxylated osteocalcin in metabolic complications of human obesity and prediabetes
Authors: Razny Urszula , Fedak Danuta , Kiec‐Wilk Beata , Goralska Joanna , Gruca Anna , Zdzienicka Anna , Kiec‐Klimczak Malgorzata , Solnica Bogdan , Hubalewska‐Dydejczyk Alicja , Malczewska‐Malec Malgorzata 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundCarboxylated osteocalcin (Gla‐OC) participates in bone remodeling, whereas the undercarboxylated form (Glu‐OC) takes part in energy metabolism. This study was undertaken to compare the blood levels of Glu‐OC and Gla‐OC in nonobese, healthy obese, and prediabetic volunteers and correlate it with the metabolic markers of insulin resistance and early markers of inflammation.MethodsNonobese (body mass index [BMI] <30 kg/m2; n = 34) and obese subjects (30 <BMI <40 kg/m2; n = 98), both sexes, aged 25 to 65 years, were divided into healthy control, normal weight subjects, healthy obese, and obese with biochemical markers of prediabetes. The subgroups with obesity and low or high Gla‐OC or Glu‐OC were also considered for statistical analysis. After 2 weeks of diet standardization, venous blood was sampled for the determination of Gla‐OC, Glu‐OC, lipid profile, parameters of inflammation (hsCRP, interleukin 6, sE‐selectin, sPECAM‐1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1), and adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, and resistin).ResultsGla‐OC in obese patients was significantly lower compared to nonobese ones (11.36 ± 0.39 vs 12.69 ± 0.90 ng/mL, P = .048) and weakly correlated with hsCRP (r = −0.18, P = .042), visfatin concentration (r = −0.19, P = .033), and BMI (r = −0.17, P = .047). Glu‐OC was negatively associated with fasting insulin levels (r = −0.18, P = .049) and reduced in prediabetic individuals compared with healthy obese volunteers (3.04 ± 0.28 vs 4.48 ± 0.57, P = .025).ConclusionsDecreased blood concentration of Glu‐OC may be a selective early symptom of insulin resistance in obesity, whereas the decreased level of Gla‐OC seems to be associated with the appearance of early markers of low grade inflammation accompanying obesity.
Hypoxia augments MHC class I antigen presentation via facilitation of ERO1‐α‐mediated oxidative folding in murine tumor cells
Authors: Kajiwara Toshimitsu , Tanaka Tsutomu , Kukita Kazuharu , Kutomi Goro , Saito Keita , Okuya Koichi , Takaya Akari , Kochin Vitaly , Kanaseki Takayuki , Tsukahara Tomohide , Hirohashi Yoshihiko , Torigoe Toshihiko , Hirata Koichi , Sato Noriyuki , Tamura Yasuaki 
Published: September 2016

To establish an effective cancer immunotherapy, it is crucial that cancer cells present a cancer‐specific antigen in a hypoxic area, a hallmark of the tumor microenvironment. Here, we show the impact of hypoxia on MHC class I antigen presentation in vitro and in vivo in murine tumors. Activation of antigen‐specific CTLs by tumor cells that had been pre‐incubated under a condition of hypoxia was enhanced compared with that by tumor cells pre‐incubated under a condition of normoxia. Cell surface expression of MHC class I‐peptide complex on the tumor cells was increased under a condition of hypoxia, thereby leading to higher susceptibility to specific CTLs. We show that the hypoxia‐inducible ER‐resident oxidase ERO1‐α plays an important role in the hypoxia‐induced augmentation of MHC class I‐peptide complex expression. ERO1‐α facilitated oxidative folding of MHC class I heavy chains, thereby resulting in the augmentation of cell surface expression of MHC class I‐peptide complex under hypoxic conditions. These results suggest that since the expression of MHC class I‐peptide complex is augmented in a hypoxic tumor microenvironment, strategies for inhibiting the function of regulatory T cells and myeloid‐derived suppressor cells and/or immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors are promising for improving cancer immunotherapy.
Effect of Ternary Eutectic Salt on the Calcium Sulfate Oxygen Carrier for Chemical Looping Combustion of Coal Char
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Ding Ning , Li Huijun , Lv Mingming , Guan Ning , Liu Zhigang 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe effect of a ternary eutectic salt (43.5 % Li2CO3–31.5 % Na2CO3–25 % K2CO3) on the CaSO4 oxygen carrier for chemical looping combustion (CLC) of coal char is experimentally investigated in a bench‐scale fluidized‐bed reactor with steam as the gasification agent at atmospheric pressure and 925 °C. The ternary eutectic catalyst is added to the CaSO4 oxygen carrier by physical mixing and impregnation, respectively. The enhanced carbon conversion and shortened reaction time in the fluidized bed reactor, coupled with the high weight loss rate of CaSO4 reduction with CO in the thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), suggest that the reactions of coal char gasification and CaSO4 reduction are synergistically catalyzed in the presence of the ternary eutectic salt. The modified oxygen carriers prepared by physical mixing and impregnation show no significant difference in carbon conversion and gasification rates according to the experimental results. The sample with catalyst impregnated into the mixture of anhydrite and coal char gives higher activity compared to the samples with catalyst impregnated into the coal char or anhydrite solely, due to the more uniform distribution of the catalyst.