bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fault imaging using earthquake sequences: a revised seismotectonic model for the Albstadt Shear Zone, Southwest Germany
Authors: Mader Sarah , Ritter Joachim R. R. , Brüstle Andrea ,   AlpArray Working Group
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn Germany, the highest seismic hazard is associated with the Albstadt Shear Zone (ASZ) in the western Swabian Jura, a low mountain range in southwest Germany. The region is affected by continuous micro-seismic activity with the potential for damaging earthquakes (nine events with ML$$\ge $$
≥
5 in the 20$$^{th}$$

th

century). Within the AlpArray and StressTransfer projects nine temporary seismic stations have been installed in the region of the ASZ to densify the permanent seismic monitoring. In October 2018 and September 2019, the state seismological survey (LED) detected two low-magnitude earthquake sequences with hundreds of events in the area. The temporarily densified local network allows us to systematically analyze these sequences and to search for other sequences by applying a template-matching routine on data from 2018 to 2020. In total, six earthquake sequences could be identified with at least 10 events. The four largest sequences (> 50 events) consist of two fore- and aftershock sequence and two earthquake swarms. Earthquake swarms were so far not observed around the ASZ. Precise relative hypocenter relocations and the determination of fault-plane solutions allow us to propose a seismotectonic model based on the three imaged fault types: (a) The well-known NNE-SSW striking sinistral strike-slip ASZ at depths of 5-10 km, (b) a NW-SE striking dextral strike-slip fault zone at depths of 11-15 km beneath the Hohenzollerngraben (HZG), a shallow, apparently aseismic NW-SE striking graben structure; this NW-SE fault zone possibly is an inherited zone of weakness in the basement and facilitated the development of the HZG and (c) at the intersection of the ASZ with the NW-SE fault zone, complex faulting in form of NNW-SSE striking sinistral strike-slip and normal faulting possibly to accommodate local stresses.
Assessment of chromatography separation parameters in the quality control of copper-64-labeled neurotensin-like peptides
Authors: Tudoroiu-Cornoiu Maria-Roxana , Chilug Elena Livia , Cocioabă Diana , Băruţă Simona , Şerban Radu , Ion Alina Catrinel , Niculae Dana 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn recent years, research on the Cu-64 effects on malignant tumours has increased, leading to the development of radiopharmaceuticals with higher selectivity, aiming to target tumour cells while preserving healthy body cells. This work aims to assess the quality of two DOTA-derivatized neuropeptides, NMN and NT (8-13) radiolabelled with Cu-64. An improved analytical radio-HPLC method was developed to evaluate the radiochemical purity and stability. The radiochemical purity is > 99.95% for both 64Cu-DOTA-NMN and 64Cu-DOTA-NT (8-13), the radiolabelled molecules being stable for 72 h after synthesis.
Study of thin film composites based on LiCoO2 and C60 using neutron depth profiling and atomic force microscopy
Authors: Ceccio Giovanni , Vacik Jiri , Lavrentiev Vasyl , Tomandl Ivo , Miksova Romana , Takahashi Kazumasa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this work, two thin hybrid composites based on organic-like fullerenes (bucky balls C60) and inorganic compounds of lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) were prepared. The composites were synthesized by a combined method of ion sputtering and evaporation. The prepared samples were sandwiched between 2 gold electrodes and subjected to charging at an applied small voltage. After each charging process, the samples were analyzed using two appropriate methods—the surface morphology was monitored using AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy), and lithium depth concentration profiles were measured using NDP (Neutron Depth Profiling). The results of the measurements showed that both types of composite experienced significant changes both in the surface morphology and especially in the depth distribution of lithium. The test confirmed the expectation that the unusual hybrid combination of organic and inorganic phases is electrochemically active and exhibits characteristics of Li battery behavior.
Hybrid organic-inorganic gels that are melting gels
Authors: Klein L. C. , Jitianu Andrei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEver since the observation in 2001 that some organic-inorganic silica hybrid gels are rigid at room temperature but soften and flow around 100 °C, there has been interest in so-called melting gels. Following heating to 150 °C or higher, the gels no longer soften and are considered consolidated hybrid glasses. The catalog of melting gels has grown over the past 20 years. Longer chain substitutions and other functional groups have been attached to the ≡Si-O-Si≡ molecular species. The substitutions make it possible to adjust the glass transition, the viscosity, and the temperature range of their usefulness.
Graphical Abstract
Advancing the science of marketing
Authors: M. Allenby Greg 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive overview of the significant contributions of the 2024 AMA Converse Award recipient Dr. Greg M. Allenby, as presented at the Converse Symposium held at the Gies College of Business, University of Illinois, at Urbana-Champaign. Highlighting the dual emphasis on theory and practice, the paper underscores Dr. Allenby’s pivotal role in advancing Bayesian statistical methods within marketing, thereby shaping modern marketing research methodologies. His work encompasses a broad spectrum of research, including choice modeling, heterogeneous response analysis, decision theory, and the integration of text data into marketing models. The paper also reflects on Dr. Allenby’s academic journey, professional achievements, and his influential role in national marketing and statistical organizations. Additionally, the paper discusses the historical context and ongoing evolution of the Converse Award, emphasizing its importance in recognizing and fostering innovation and leadership in the field of marketing.
A new four-tier technique for efficient multiple images encryption
Authors: Hosny Khalid M. , Kamal Sara T. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPeople transmit millions of digital images daily over various networks, where securing these images is a big challenge. Image encryption is a successful approach widely used in securing digital images while transmitting. Researchers developed different encryption techniques that focus on securing individual images. Recently, encryption of multiple images has gained more interest as an emerging encryption approach. In this paper, we proposed a four-tier technique for multiple image encryption (MIE) to increase the transmission speed and improve digital image security. First, we attached the plain images to create an augmented image. Second, the randomized augmented image is obtained by randomly changing the position of each plain image. Third, we scrambled the randomized augmented image using the zigzag pattern, rotation, and random permutation between blocks. Finally, we diffuse the scrambled augmented image using an Altered Sine-logistic-based Tent map (ASLT). We draw a flowchart, write a pseudo-code, and present an illustrative example to simplify the proposed method and make it easy to understand. Many experiments were performed to evaluate this Four-Tier technique, and the results show that this technique is extremely effective and secure to withstand various attacks.
Optimization of the composition of residential buildings in a renewable energy community based on monitored data
Authors: Schito Eva , Taverni Lorenzo , Conti Paolo , Testi Daniele 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEnergy communities (ECs) are a promising solution to integrate renewable local production with buildings’ systems and services. To exploit renewable energy sources, ECs should be carefully designed, identifying an appropriate mix of prosumers and consumers. In this research, the electrical energy loads of eight dwellings have been monitored for a year. Then, each dwelling is evaluated either as a mere consumer, maintaining its monitored electrical consumption profile as it is, or as a prosumer, thus simulating a photovoltaic system on the roof, sized to provide a given fraction of its energy needs and sharing the surplus with other EC participants. Genetic optimization is employed to seek the optimal mix of consumers and prosumers within the community to optimize the shared energy within the EC. Results show that dwellings with night-time energy requirements are included as prosumers to maximize photovoltaic power sharing during daylight time, and dwellings with regular daily loads are included as consumers.
The performance relationship between the EQ-5D-5L composite “Anxiety/Depression” dimension and anxiety and depression symptoms in a large, general population sample
Authors: Scott Emily Stella , Lubetkin Erica I. , Janssen Mathieu F. , Yfantopolous John N. , Bonsel Gouke J. , Haagsma Juanita A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This cross-sectional study aims to understand the relationship between responses on the Anxiety/Depression (A/D) dimension of the EQ-5D-5L and symptoms of anxiety and depression on the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 instruments. In doing so, we investigate the comparative performance of the dimension between diagnostic groups (i.e. anxiety (GAD-7); depression (PHQ-9); anxiety & depression versus none). We additionally investigate the discriminatory performance between sub-populations based on gender, age, education and self-reported chronic conditions.

Methods
19,902 general population participants completed a health survey in May/June 2020, from five European countries and the United States. Performance of A/D was calculated using the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUROC), and was compared to having anxiety (GAD-7 ≥ 8), depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) and both versus none for the total population and sub-populations. Several additional sensitivity analyses were conducted, including calculations of the optimal A/D cut-off.

Results
The performance in the total sample was good (AUROC > 0.8) and did not differ significantly between diagnostic groups. The performance differed significantly between the age groups, with worse performance in the younger groups, and differed between those with a singular chronic condition, with worse performance in those indicating having an anxiety or depression disorder. The performance did not differ significantly by gender, education, nor total chronic conditions.

Conclusion
The A/D dimension captures symptoms of anxiety, depression or both equally well. Performance is worse in the younger population. Interpretation in those with a self-reported anxiety or depression disorder should be further investigated. This is the first-of-its-kind large population sample performance analysis, where we present evidence that the performance of the A/D dimension differs between ages, and thus intra-age comparative results may be flawed.
Dietary supplementation with a blend composed of carvacrol, tannic acid derived from Castanea sativa and Glycyrrhiza glabra, and glycerides of medium chain fatty acids for weanling piglets raised in commercial farm
Authors: Marchetti Luca , Rebucci Raffaella , Lanzoni Davide , Giromini Carlotta , Aidos Lucia , Di Giancamillo Alessia , Cremonesi Paola , Biscarini Filippo , Castiglioni Bianca , Bontempo Valentino 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the dietary administration of a blend composed of carvacrol, tannic acid derived from Castanea sativa mill and Glycyrrhiza glabra, medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) glycerides for weanling piglets. An in vitro digestion followed by total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant activity (TAC) assessment was performed before the in vivo application. At weaning, a total of 210 piglets were randomly allocated to two experimental treatments (7 replicates/15 piglets for each replicate). Control group (CTR) was fed a standard basal diet while the treated group (T) was fed the basal diet mixed with 1.500 mg/kg of blend. After in vitro digestion, TPC and TAC evidenced peaks at the end of oral and gastric phases in comparison to the intestinal one in line with the high content of phenolic compound (P < 0.05). Treatment conditioned body weight and average daily gain (P < 0.05), fecal score on 6, 7, and 8 d after weaning (P < 0.05). At 35d, the T group showed a decrease in salivary cortisol compared to CTR (P < 0.05). Duodenum and jejunum sections of T piglets revealed higher villi (P < 0.05), deeper crypts (P < 0.01), and increased V/C ratio (P < 0.01). CTR showed a higher expression of duodenal Occludin (P < 0.05). Jejunal E-cadherin and Occludin were more expressed in T jejunum sections (P < 0.05). Twelve differentially abundant genera were identified in T group caecal samples. Potentially harmful Clostridium sensu stricto 13 was reduced by the treatment (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the tested blend positively affected salivary stress markers and the gut health of weaned piglets.
Assessing the efficiency and heritability of blocked tree breeding trials
Authors: Piepho Hans-Peter , Williams Emlyn , Prus Maryna 
Published: September 2024

AbstractProgeny trials in tree breeding are often laid out using blocked experimental designs, in which families are randomly assigned to plots and several trees are planted per plot. Such designs are optimized for the assessment of family effects. However, tree breeders are primarily interested in assessing breeding values of individual trees. This paper considers the assessment of heritability at both the family and tree levels. We assess heritability based on pairwise comparisons among individual trees. The approach shows that there is considerable heterogeneity in pairwise heritabilities, primarily due to the differences in both genetic as well as error variances among within- and between-family comparisons. Our results further show that efficient blocking positively affects all types of comparison except those among trees within the same plot.
Occurrence and health risk assessment of PFAS and possible precursors: a case study in a drinking water treatment plant and bottled water (south Catalonia, Spain)
Authors: Martínez Joana , Picardo Massimo , Peñalver Alejandra , Fabregas Josepa , Aguilar Carme , Borrull Francesc 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe presence of PFAS in drinking water may pose a serious threat to human health. This study aims to determine the levels of these compounds and their precursors in water samples from a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) located in l’Ampolla (Spain) and to assess their fate. Additionally, ten Spanish bottled waters were analyzed to compare the occurrence of PFAS in the mentioned matrices and in drinking water. Off-line solid phase extraction (SPE) followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) was applied to determine 26 PFAS and PFAS precursors after a total oxidizable precursor assay. The analytical method presents low quantification limits (0.25–5 ng/L). A total PFAS concentration of up to 16 ng/L in all the DWTP samples was obtained, and 6:2 FTS was the only precursor detected. Results are close to the quantification limits, resulting in a high degree of uncertainty, and for this, it is difficult to evaluate the DWTP PFAS removal efficiency. Regarding bottled water, total PFAS concentration found was up to 12 ng/L in one of ten samples, with no precursors detected. Exposure assessment revealed that there is no risk associated with the ingestion of the samples analyzed. Moreover, there were no differences in terms of risk between drinking water from l’Ampolla DWTP and bottled water.
Graphical abstract
Activation of the muscle-to-brain axis ameliorates neurocognitive deficits in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model via enhancing neurotrophic and synaptic signaling
Authors: Taha Hash Brown , Birnbaum Allison , Matthews Ian , Aceituno Karel , Leon Jocelyne , Thorwald Max , Godoy-Lugo Jose , Cortes Constanza J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSkeletal muscle regulates central nervous system (CNS) function and health, activating the muscle-to-brain axis through the secretion of skeletal muscle-originating factors (“myokines”) with neuroprotective properties. However, the precise mechanisms underlying these benefits in the context of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remain poorly understood. To investigate muscle-to-brain axis signaling in response to amyloid β (Aβ)-induced toxicity, we generated 5xFAD transgenic female mice with enhanced skeletal muscle function (5xFAD;cTFEB;HSACre) at prodromal (4-months old) and late (8-months old) symptomatic stages. Skeletal muscle TFEB overexpression reduced Aβ plaque accumulation in the cortex and hippocampus at both ages and rescued behavioral neurocognitive deficits in 8-month-old 5xFAD mice. These changes were associated with transcriptional and protein remodeling of neurotrophic signaling and synaptic integrity, partially due to the CNS-targeting myokine prosaposin (PSAP). Our findings implicate the muscle-to-brain axis as a novel neuroprotective pathway against amyloid pathogenesis in AD.
Online Gaming Disorder and Sports Betting Addiction: Convergences and Divergences
Authors: Ayala-Rojas Rocío-Elena , Granero Roser , Fernández-Aranda Fernando , Gómez-Peña Mónica , Moragas Laura , Perales Iván , Jiménez-Murcia Susana 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWorldwide estimates of the prevalence of online gaming disorder (OGD) and online sports betting addiction (OSBA) have become exceedingly high, particularly among young people. The objective of this study was to compare the sociodemographic and clinical profiles of treatment-seeking patients for these mental health disorders. The sample included n = 495 patients (n = 108 OGD and n = 387 OSBA) recruited from a tertiary care unit specialized in the treatment of behavioral addictions. Sociodemographic variables, psychopathologic state, impulsivity, emotion regulation, substances, and personality traits were assessed and compared between both these diagnostic subtypes. The prevalence for OGD was 3.82% and for OSBA was 13.01% among the whole sample of n = 3,036 patients. Compared with OGD, OSBA presented a profile characterized by a greater proportion of non-single men with higher levels of education, employed, and of higher socioeconomic status. OSBA was also characterized by older chronological age, later age of onset of the addictive behaviors, worse psychopathology state (greater likelihood of depression and anxiety), higher impulsivity, and higher substance use. The personality profile related to OSBA presented higher novelty seeking, reward dependence and persistence, and lower harm avoidance. Despite the similarities between OGD and OSBA, and even though both behaviors could be perceived by the general population as low-risk leisure activities (as opposed to other gambling types, such as casinos or slot machines), the differences in the clinical profiles should be considered in efforts to improve assessment tools and specialized intervention plans.
NeRF-OR: neural radiance fields for operating room scene reconstruction from sparse-view RGB-D videos
Authors: Gerats Beerend G. A. , Wolterink Jelmer M. , Broeders Ivo A. M. J. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
RGB-D cameras in the operating room (OR) provide synchronized views of complex surgical scenes. Assimilation of this multi-view data into a unified representation allows for downstream tasks such as object detection and tracking, pose estimation, and action recognition. Neural radiance fields (NeRFs) can provide continuous representations of complex scenes with limited memory footprint. However, existing NeRF methods perform poorly in real-world OR settings, where a small set of cameras capture the room from entirely different vantage points. In this work, we propose NeRF-OR, a method for 3D reconstruction of dynamic surgical scenes in the OR.

Methods
Where other methods for sparse-view datasets use either time-of-flight sensor depth or dense depth estimated from color images, NeRF-OR uses a combination of both. The depth estimations mitigate the missing values that occur in sensor depth images due to reflective materials and object boundaries. We propose to supervise with surface normals calculated from the estimated depths, because these are largely scale invariant.

Results
We fit NeRF-OR to static surgical scenes in the 4D-OR dataset and show that its representations are geometrically accurate, where state of the art collapses to sub-optimal solutions. Compared to earlier work, NeRF-OR grasps fine scene details while training 30

$$\times $$

×

faster. Additionally, NeRF-OR can capture whole-surgery videos while synthesizing views at intermediate time values with an average PSNR of 24.86 dB. Last, we find that our approach has merit in sparse-view settings beyond those in the OR, by benchmarking on the NVS-RGBD dataset that contains as few as three training views. NeRF-OR synthesizes images with a PSNR of 26.72 dB, a 1.7% improvement over state of the art.

Conclusion
Our results show that NeRF-OR allows for novel view synthesis with videos captured by a small number of cameras with entirely different vantage points, which is the typical camera setting in the OR. Code is available via: github.com/Beerend/NeRF-OR.
The Effect of Silicon Substitution by Boron for the α-Nb5Si3: INSIGHTS into the Constitutive Properties of Nb5Si2B Through Theory and Experimental Approach
Authors: Falkowski Michał , Kaczkowski Jakub , Chełkowska Grażyna , Kowalczyk Andrzej 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe investigated the structural, elastic, vibrational, and electronic properties of the Nb5Si2B compound combining density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental methods. We compared our results with the parent compound Nb5Si3 with two non-equivalent Si sites namely Si(4a) and Si(8h). The analysis of elastic constants and phonon spectra indicate that Nb5Si2B is respectively mechanically and dynamically stable. Based on the phonon calculation we evaluate the theoretical constant volume lattice specific heat (CV) for different site occupancies and compare it with experimental specific heat (Cp) measurements. We found an excellent agreement between theoretical and experimental results for Nb5Si2B with the B at the Si(8h) site, which agrees with the calculated formation energy. In addition, we also performed DFT calculations aimed at showing and comparing the total DOS near the Fermi level (EF) for Nb5Si3 and Nb5Si2B. The XPS valence band (VB) of the Nb5Si2B is largely dominated by two characteristic peaks at − 8.7 and − 1.7 eV, respectively. Based on DFT calculations, it follows that the main sharp peak at − 1.7 eV comes as a contribution from Nb 4d states, while the smaller and broader one located at − 8.7 eV results mainly from Si 3s states weakly hybridized with Nb 4d states. In this connection, the majority contribution in the binding energy range from − 12 eV to the EF comes from Nb 4d states, while the contribution from Si and B atoms is very small in this region. The core levels of Nb 3d, Si 2s, 2p, and B 1s were also identified using the XPS technique.