bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of microsatellites identified by next‐generation sequencing in the Neotropical tree Handroanthus billbergii (Bignoniaceae)
Authors: Morillo Eduardo , Buitron Johanna , Limongi Ricardo , Vignes Helene , Argout Xavier 
Published: May 2016

Premise of the study:We developed microsatellite (simple sequence repeat [SSR]) markers in the Neotropical tree Handroanthus billbergii (Bignoniaceae), to be applied in assessment of genetic diversity in this species as a reference for inferring the impact of dry forest fragmentation in Ecuador.Methods and Results:Using next‐generation sequencing, we detected a total of 26,893 putative SSRs reported here. Using an ABI 3500xl sequencer, we identified and characterized a set of polymorphic markers in 23 individuals belonging to three populations of H. billbergii.Conclusions:We report a set of 30 useful SSR markers for H. billbergii and a large list of potential microsatellites for developing new markers for this or related species.
A propos de deux cas, la souffrance de la stérilité chez l’homme : de la souffrance objectale à la souffrance identitaire
Authors: Jaoul Monique 
Published: May 2016

La souffrance de l’infertilité chez l’homme peut prendre plusieurs aspects. Elle peut avoir une dimension narcissique lorsqu’elle remet en cause sa virilité, tant fécondité et virilité sont associées dans l’imaginaire commun ; elle peut avoir une dimension objectale, être tournée vers l’autre, l’autre conjugal « faire cadeau d’un enfant à sa compagne », mais aussi vers l’autre parental « donner un petit enfant à ses parents ». Elle peut avoir aussi une dimension identitaire que la proposition de don de gamète, lorsque la stérilité est définitive, ne saurait apaiser si elle survient trop tôt. Quelques études psycho dynamiques se sont intéressées aux processus psychiques mis en place pour faire face au traumatisme. Elles montrent chez 2/3 des sujets examinés un fonctionnement psychique « abrasé » d’où les conflits et les émotions sont exclus, signalant la dimension traumatique de l’impasse procréative et de la médicalisation de la procréation. Cette attitude défensive pourra donner le change et faire croire à une bonne adaptation à la situation. Si elle protège partiellement, elle aura tendance à figer le travail d’élaboration des blessures de l’infertilité. La prise en charge est donc difficile et il sera souvent nécessaire d’aider le couple dans un premier temps pour permettre l’ouverture d’une parole pour l’expression de la souffrance de l’homme infertile.
Des «  rites de passage  » avant van Gennep  : les cérémonies funéraires dans les traités antiquaires et «  ethnographiques  » de la première modernité (xvie-xviiie siècle)
Authors: Grosse Christian 
Published: May 2016

Rappelant le travail d’archéologie de l’ethnologie et de l’histoire comparée des religions auquel Arnold van Gennep se livre entre 1905 et 1920, ce texte montre qu’il remonte progressivement jusqu’à l’ouvrage de l’antiquaire Claude Guichard, Funérailles et diverses manières d’ensevelir des Romains, Grecs et autres nations (1581), identifié comme l’un des premiers témoignages de la «  méthode comparative  ». En suivant un cheminement similaire, l’article met en évidence la manière dont se construit et se diffuse, dès la Renaissance, à partir des travaux des antiquaires, des récits de voyages et d’une science des cérémonies d’État en formation, un vaste corpus de connaissances comparatives sur les rites funéraires «  de tous les peuples du monde  » et, dans une certaine mesure aussi, sur les rites nuptiaux. Ces connaissances, qui commencent à être synthétisées au xviie siècle, jettent les bases d’un savoir et d’une théorisation sur les rites de passage en général, dont l’ouvrage de van Gennep, Les rites de passage (1909) constitue l’un des aboutissements.
Applicability and critical analysis of the use of eponyms in Health Sciences
Authors: Batigália F. , Boer N. , Marcatto G. , Marcatto G. , Boer A. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Introduction: Specific words have been adopted to designate the several structures in Human Anatomy. However, the same structure has different names, usually derived from proper names (or Eponyms), which is still reflected in conceptual errors that complicate the Teaching and Learning of Anatomy in Multidisciplinary, Transdisciplinarity and Metadisciplinarity approaches. Within the current importance of the generalist, critical and humanistic background of the professional, the multiplicity of names of scientists and researchers attributed to anatomical structures has created real difficulties during the preparation, writing and reading of scientific papers, including the communication between Researchers and Professors. Objective: The aim of this study was to critically analyze the use of eponyms in Health Sciences, as well as compiling the eleven mains terms in which the same eponym has been used to identify at least two different structures. Results: Eponyms are not representatives of the irst anatomists to describe structures or indicate some topographic, morphological or functional aspects associated with parts of the Human Body, and so must be replaced with a location, descriptive or etiological terminology that facilitates the structural understanding. Conclusion: Because of its clinical importance, eponyms will not completely disappear, but due to discrepancies and secondary confusions to its use, there have been many suggestions and impositions of anatomical societies to minimize their use.
Histopathological effects of Averon®, an indigenous herbal formulation, on Cyclophosphamide - induced immunosuppressed male rats
Authors: Ukpo G. , Ehianeta T. , Adegoke A. , Salako O. , Mbaka G. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Introduction: The study investigated the effect of an acclaimed immunoboosting herbal formulation, Averon®, which contains Aloe spp on some basal physiological and pathophysiological profiles in immunomodulated male rats. Materials and Methods: Six groups of male rats were used for the study: control group received water and pelletized food ad libitum, Negative control Cyclophosphamide-treated group (30mg/kg i.p), two groups pre-treated with Cyclophosphamide (30mg/kg i.p) and followed by oral 200mg/kg and 400 mg/kg Averon® respectively, two groups orally pre-treated with 200mg/kg and 400 mg/kg Averon® respectively and followed by Cyclophosphamide (30mg/kg i.p) on the last three days. The experimental design was characterized by observations for behavioral changes in the rats, changes in body weight, food consumption, water intake and gross histopathological changes after sacriice. Results: The results revealed the adverse effects in the cyclophosphamide pre-treated groups in the behavioral pattern, significant decrease in body weights at several p-values, significant decrease in food intake (p< 0.05), significant drop in water consumption and toxicological effects on the studied organs. The reverse was true for the Averon®-pretreated groups: significant increase in body weights, food intake and water consumption. The adverse effect of cyclophosphamide was most pronounced on the lungs with little or no amelioration of the adverse effects on the pulmonary milieu. However, there was remarkable recovery on the livers, kidneys and the hearts on treatment with Averon®, particularly at the higher doses. Conclusion: Averon® showed tissue ameliorating potential except on the lungs, hence the need for therapeutic monitoring when administered to immunosuppressed subjects.
Anatomic variation of the flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle: a morphological and functional study: case report
Authors: Moraes V. , Siqueira S. , Rodrigues F. , Queiroz E. , Pinto I. , Torres G. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Introduction: A great amount of accessory and supernumerary muscles, or even their absence, has already been described in medical literature, related to Anatomy, Surgery and Radiology. In the majority of cases, muscles with any morphological changes, in their origins, insertions, number of muscle bellies and anomalous vascular or nervous patterns, are asymptomatic. However, approximately 3% of compression neuropathy cases are results of an anomalous muscle. Material and methods: During a routine dissection, an anatomical variation was found on the left hypothenar region of an afrodescendant adult's corpse, which led the authors to further investigate its incidence and the clinical significance of this variation, basing up of articles published in refereed journals and renowned books on this subject. Results: Many authors have already identified numerous muscle variations in the hypothenar region, whether in dissection labs or in private clinics. Since some muscular variations may cause numerous clinical symptoms, it's important to have a detailed anatomical knowledge of the correspondent region. There are cases of ulnar nerve compression caused by an anomalous flexor digiti minimi brevis described in the medical literature. The majority of authors explained the nervous and vascular compression from some factors as injury, small repetitive traumas, genetically predetermined muscle size and muscular hypertrophy. Conclusion: The importance of differential diagnosis to any affections of the hypothenar region lies on the anatomical and surgical knowledge of the structures quoted in this study, the statistics related to the prevalence of these anatomical variations and the relevance of these in the present case.
Localization of sterodogenic acute regulartory (StAR) protein in testis of Thai red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus gallus)
Authors: Iamsaard S. , Chaichun A. , Sukhorum W. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Introduction: Thai red jungle fowl (Gallusgallusgallus) has been focusing on genetic profiles besides phenotypical features. The husbandry of this species is still limited. Basic understanding of its reproductive systems may be useful for breeding applications. Additionally, the morphology of testes and epididymis of Thai red jungle fowl has never been elucidated. Materials and Methods: This study has examined the gross structure and histology of those organs of male Thai Gallus gallus gallus at 24th weeks (age and sexual maturity). Moreover, the localization of sterodogenic acute regulartory (StAR) protein in the testis was also performed by immunohistochemistry. Results: The results showed that the mature testes were oval shape with 1.56 ± 0.584 cm. in length and 1.20 ± 0.067 cm. in width, respectively. General histology of testes and epididymis was similar to those of maturely domestical birds. Expectedly, the StAR protein was localized in the leydig cells of Thai red jungle fowl. Conclusion: This study has not only demonstrated the morphology of testis and epididymis but also shown the presence of testicular StAR protein of Thai red jungle fowl for the first time. These findings are fundamental data that may be applied to the breeding process.
Aproximación de superficies para la ejecución de bóvedas tabicadas
Authors: Gimenez Mateu Luis , Navarro Delgado Isidro , Cabrera Guardiola Alberto 
Published: May 2016

<p>La dificultad que presenta la ejecución de bóvedas tabicadas del tipo “falsa vaída” o “quatre punts” con aparejo en diagonal, es la del replanteo con rasillas en el sencillado de las primeras hiladas, al marcar el ritmo de la fábrica y el rejuntado. La continuidad de las juntas delata la buena ejecución de la bóveda, aproximándose ésta a una superficie de traslación, realizada por el desplazamiento curvilíneo de dos cimbras paralelas. La experiencia en la ejecución por este complejo método demuestra que aparecen desajustes y errores al perderse el rejuntado inicial y no poder seguir una geometría concreta. Una solución válida consiste en aproximar la bóveda a una superficie tórica, aquella generada por la revolución del arco generatriz tomando como eje la recta perpendicular al centro del arco directriz. Las diferencias de proporción entre ambas superficies son mínimas, pero con esta segunda opción aumenta el control del operario sobre el replanteo y ejecución, al usar cimbras que generan una secuencia repetitiva para las hiladas. </p>
Passive Unilateral Cross-ownership and Strategic Trade Policy
Authors: Fanti Luciano , Buccella Domenico 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
In a Cournot duopoly model in which exporters compete in a third market, this paper revisits the classical issue (dating back to the pioneering work of Brander and Spencer, Export Subsidies and International Market Share Rivalry, 1985) of the strategic trade policy choice in the presence of the passive participation of one firm in the rival. Passive cross-ownership dramatically alters the participating and participated firms’ governments’ choice to apply the strategic trade policy instrument, the equilibria typology and their efficiency properties. In fact, if the share of cross-ownership is sufficiently large, the participated firm’s government finds optimal to tax export. Moreover, beyond an adequately high threshold, cross-ownership modifies the equilibrium from the activist regime for both countries to an asymmetric regime in which only the participating firm’s government intervenes. In addition, in the case of the traditional common activist regime equilibrium, the classical prisoner’s dilemma game structure may disappear.
Evaluación de los parámetros físicos y químicos de las briquetas obtenidas con la maquina briquetadora construida en FAREMEstelí
Authors: López Rivera Juan David , Cajina Valdivia Carlos Eduardo , Ramírez Camas Jorge Ulises , Reyes Aguilera Edwin Antonio , Olivas Reyes Noe Rodoolfo , Molina Cruz Lidamar De los Ángeles 
Published: May 2016

El propósito fundamental de esta investigación es evaluar los parámetros físicos y químicos de las briquetas elaboradas en Farem-Estelí. Es una investigación cuantitativa según su enfoque, con un nivel de profundidad según su tipología: exploratoria, descriptiva. Se elaboraron siete briquetas de diferentes sustratos forestales. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: La evaluación de eficiencia que se determinó mediante la prueba de ebullición de agua (WBT por sus siglas en inglés) versión 4.2.2., se midieron las emisiones de monóxido de carbono (CO) y se calculó el poder calorífico de los diferentes tipos de briquetas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que estas briquetas emiten menos emisiones de gases contaminantes al ambiente que la leña, la eficiencia térmica fue de aproximadamente un 92% en tres de las briquetas evaluadas, la leña obtuvo una eficiencia entre 45 y 63%. Se concluye que la elaboración de las briquetas fue exitosa con una excelente compactación, la briqueta de Granza 50% + Aserrín fino 25% + Papel 12.5% + flor de pino 12.5% es la mejor opción según la evaluación siendo esta la que emite menores cantidades de CO que son casi nulas obteniendo una eficiencia térmica de 92% puesto que su consumo especifico es bajo con tan solo 143 gramos por litro de agua.
Focusing on Speech Acts to Understand and Teach Pragmatics in Language Instruction
Authors: Gómez Marjorie N. 
Published: May 2016

Pragmatics is considered to be an important aspect of language instruction. Today, scholars in language instruction recognize that learners must develop linguistic as well as pragmatic competence. Pragmatic competence helps learners understand, employ, and interpret language in context. However, pragmatics is regarded as one of the most strenuous aspects of language teaching and learning. Studies in pragmatics still seek to respond to the question about the teachability of targeted pragmatic features, which opens the question about whether pragmatics can be taught effectively. Can pragmatics be fully taught or must educators focus on key features of pragmatics such as speech acts, which is perhaps currently the most important established part of the subject? Certainly pragmatics and language teaching should accompany each other. However, in order to assist and assess learners in the appropriate use of language in context, language teachers today must receive some explicit instruction about pragmatics themselves. They need to be acquainted with the resources available to teach pragmatic norms. Speech acts, as part of pragmatics, can help teachers orient their instruction on developing a general awareness of how language forms are used in context. Speech acts provide a framework on which teachers can build learning opportunities for L2 pragmatic development. Speech acts can greatly support students´ development of pragmatic competence. Focusing on speech acts to teach pragmatics seems to be the answer today in language instruction; at least until new classroom research arise to help teachers find resources and materials of pragmatic features and norms.
Desarrollo de una tecnología del procesamiento de frijol en polvo deshidratadoq
Authors: Espinoza Vanegas Walter Lenin 
Published: May 2016

Esta investigación desarrolla una tecnología para el procesamiento de frijol en polvo deshidratado. Esta investigación tiene un enfoque mixto, cuali-cuantitativa. Se aplicó una encuesta que abarca aptitudes de aceptación, preferencia en presentaciones del producto, frecuencia de compra, el consumidor, aspectos demográficos y competencia. Se realizó un análisis univariado de las cinco repeticiones del flujo de proceso obtenido en fase 3, para evaluar el balance de masa del prototipo, en los distintos pasos del flujo de proceso final: remojo, cocción, molido, deshidratado, molienda seca, prototipo final. Los principales resultados muestran que el rendimiento de frijol crudo hasta el producto final deshidratado es de 40.72% y al rehidratar aumenta al 181%, demostrando que no hay perdida del producto al aplicar la tecnología de deshidratación. La investigación expone la aceptación del producto en el mercado, el 90% de las personas encuestadas estar dispuesta a consumir frijoles deshidratados. Del 90% de interesados, un 60% comprarían el producto ocasionalmente y el 40% frecuentemente. El 80% de los encuestados gustaron del sabor de los frijoles, el 15% mejorarían su consistencia, el 3% le aumentaría la concentración de sal, y el 2% mejorarían su textura.
Percepciones socioculturales de los pobladores de la comunidad el Limón ante un riesgo climático
Authors: Pérez Lanuza Osmany Maurice , Romero Arteta Maria José , Solís Zúniga Franklin , Castillo Rodríguez Heydi Fabiola 
Published: May 2016

El presente artículo, resume una investigación cualitativa con enfoque de Investigación-Acción, realizado con jóvenes y adultos habitantes afectados por los riesgos climáticos. La investigación se llevó a cabo en la comunidad El Limón de la subzona de Santa Cruz, Estelí, en el período entre septiembre y diciembre del año 2014. Con esta se pretendía valorar las percepciones socioculturales de los pobladores ante un riesgo climático. Se realizó desde la metodología de investigación, acción participativa, dentro de las técnicas utilizadas están: la encuesta, entrevista semi-estructurada, guía de observación y grupo focal, además de la revisión documental. Las diferentes técnicas se analizaron de acuerdo a cada objetivo y a su naturaleza de IAP. Dentro de los principales hallazgos se encuentra que los pobladores no poseen suficiente conocimiento sobre riesgo, además de existir una influencia en el desarrollo de sus percepciones con respecto a su posición geográfica, ubicada cerca de urbanizadoras. Referido a los efectos que perciben en las actividades socioambientales únicamente ven evidente la escases de agua, el aumento de plagas y enfermedades. Por ello se elaboró una propuesta de acción, encaminada a fomentar la auto gestión como medida de adaptación al cambio climático.
Estrategias Didácticas y aprendizaje de las Ciencias Sociales
Authors: Orozco Alvarado Julio César 
Published: May 2016

En el presente artículo se destaca la incidencia de las estrategias didácticas en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las Ciencias Sociales. Estas disciplinas sociales, desde hace varias décadas están en crisis, porque las metodologías didácticas implementadas por los docentes de estas áreas del conocimiento no han renovado sus metodologías de enseñanza. La época actual -denominada sociedad del conocimiento- donde las tecnologías de la información y comunicación han saturado de información a la generación actual y ésta no posee las herramientas de aprendizaje para transformar en conocimientos esa cantidad de información que les llega por diversos medios de comunicación, sea radio, televisión, Internet, prensa entre otros. De la problemática antes planteada ha surgido una preocupación por los especialistas en Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales, sobre cuáles son las estrategias didácticas más efectivas para mejorar la calidad de los aprendizajes de los estudiantes y por supuesto, se piensa en las estrategias didácticas que permitan un aprendizaje significativo. En este artículo no se conciben las estrategias didácticas como un recetario, por el contrario, se induce al maestro a que cree, innove e implemente sus propias estrategias didácticas, haciendo del aula de clase un laboratorio para experimentar una cantidad de estrategias didácticas innovadoras.
Relationship between Marital Satisfaction and Mental Health of Married Women Referring to Health Centers in Sanandaj, Iran in 2014
Authors: Kalhor Marya , Olyaie Nazila 
Published: May 2016

BACKGROUND: As the most splendid social custom to attain security and emotional needs of adults, marriage has always won the approval of the community as a whole. In this regard, the endeavors of couples to preserve their relationships and achieve higher levels of marital satisfaction have been of great significance. As a component of personal characteristics, mental health has always been associated with marital satisfaction. This study investigated the relationship between marital satisfaction and mental health of married women referred to health centers in Sanandaj, Iran in 2014.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 393 women referring to the health centers in Sanandaj, Iran who were selected randomly in 2014. Data collection tool were ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), which was completed by the participants in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16, descriptive, and analytical statistics.RESULTS: The results indicated that most of the patients were between 35-26 years, did not complete secondary school, were housewives, had only one child, and were married for 10 years. Most of the participants enjoyed marital satisfaction and had good mental health. There was a significant relationship between mental health and marital satisfaction (p<0.001). In terms of mental health, depression and marital satisfaction had the most significant negative correlation (p<0.001). However, there were no statistically significant relationship between female’s education and their employment with marital satisfaction and mental health.CONCLUSION: According to the findings of our study, in terms of the relationship between mental health and marital satisfaction, solving marital problems and increasing couples’ satisfaction can lead to the promotion of their mental health, leading to the increase in the health status of families and society a whole; hence, the significant role of family counseling centers.