bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A scaling law for distinct electrocaloric cooling performance in low-dimensional organic, relaxor and anti-ferroelectrics
Authors: Shi Yuping , Huang Limin , Soh Ai Kah , Weng George J. , Liu Shuangyi , Redfern Simon A. T. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractElectrocaloric (EC) materials show promise in eco-friendly solid-state refrigeration and integrable on-chip thermal management. While direct measurement of EC thin-films still remains challenging, a generic theoretical framework for quantifying the cooling properties of rich EC materials including normal-, relaxor-, organic- and anti-ferroelectrics is imperative for exploiting new flexible and room-temperature cooling alternatives. Here, we present a versatile theory that combines Master equation with Maxwell relations and analytically relates the macroscopic cooling responses in EC materials with the intrinsic diffuseness of phase transitions and correlation characteristics. Under increased electric fields, both EC entropy and adiabatic temperature changes increase quadratically initially, followed by further linear growth and eventual gradual saturation. The upper bound of entropy change (∆Smax) is limited by distinct correlation volumes (V
cr
) and transition diffuseness. The linearity between V
cr
and the transition diffuseness is emphasized, while ∆Smax = 300 kJ/(K.m3) is obtained for Pb0.8Ba0.2ZrO3. The ∆Smax in antiferroelectric Pb0.95Zr0.05TiO3, Pb0.8Ba0.2ZrO3 and polymeric ferroelectrics scales proportionally with V
cr
−2.2, owing to the one-dimensional structural constraint on lattice-scale depolarization dynamics; whereas ∆Smax in relaxor and normal ferroelectrics scales as ∆Smax ~ V
cr
−0.37, which tallies with a dipolar interaction exponent of 2/3 in EC materials and the well-proven fractional dimensionality of 2.5 for ferroelectric domain walls.
VEGF expression correlates with neuronal differentiation and predicts a favorable prognosis in patients with neuroblastoma
Authors: Weng Wen-Chin , Lin Kuan-Hung , Wu Pei-Yi , Ho Ya-Hsuan , Liu Yen-Lin , Wang Bo-Jeng , Chen Chien-Chin , Lin Yueh-Chien , Liao Yung-Feng , Lee Wang-Tso , Hsu Wen-Ming , Lee Hsinyu 
Published: September 2017

AbstractNeuroblastoma (NB) is a childhood cancer with a low survival rate and great metastatic potential. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an angiogenesis factor, has been found to be involved in CRT-related neuronal differentiation of NB cells. In this study, we further confirmed the role VEGF in NB through mouse xenograft model and clinical analysis from NB patients. In xenograft experiments, CRT overexpression effectively inhibited the tumor growth. In addition, the mRNA and protein levels of VEGF and differentiation marker GAP-43 were upregulated by induced CRT expression. However, no significant correlation between the expression level of VEGF and microvessel density was observed in human NB tumors, suggesting a novel mechanism of VEGF participating in NB tumorigenesis through an angiogenesis-independent pathway. In NB patients’ samples, mRNA expression levels of CRT and VEGF were positively correlated. Furthermore, positive VEGF expression by immunostaining of NB tumors was found to correlate well with histological grade of differentiation and predicted a favorable prognosis. In conclusion, our findings suggest that VEGF is a favorable prognostic factor of NB and might affect NB tumor behavior through CRT-driven neuronal differentiation rather than angiogenesis that might shed light on a novel therapeutic strategy to improve the outcome of NB.
Genome-wide functional analysis reveals that autophagy is necessary for growth, sporulation, deoxynivalenol production and virulence in Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Lv Wuyun , Wang Chunyan , Yang Nan , Que Yawei , Talbot Nicholas J. , Wang Zhengyi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAutophagy is a conserved cellular recycling and trafficking pathway in eukaryotic cells and has been reported to be important in the virulence of a number of microbial pathogens. Here, we report genome-wide identification and characterization of autophagy-related genes (ATGs) in the wheat pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum. We identified twenty-eight genes associated with the regulation and operation of autophagy in F. graminearum. Using targeted gene deletion, we generated a set of 28 isogenic mutants. Autophagy mutants were classified into two groups by differences in their growth patterns. Radial growth of 18 Group 1 ATG mutants was significantly reduced compared to the wild-type strain PH-1, while 10 Group 2 mutants grew normally. Loss of any of the ATG genes, except FgATG17, prevented the fungus from causing Fusarium head blight disease. Moreover, subsets of autophagy genes were necessary for asexual/sexual differentiation and deoxynivalenol (DON) production, respectively. FgATG1 and FgATG5 were investigated in detail and showed severe defects in autophagy. Taken together, we conclude that autophagy plays a critical role in growth, asexual/sexual sporulation, deoxynivalenol production and virulence in F. graminearum.
Agerarin, identified from Ageratum houstonianum, stimulates circadian CLOCK-mediated aquaporin-3 gene expression in HaCaT keratinocytes
Authors: Shin Soon Young , Lee Da Hyun , Gil Ha-Na , Kim Beom Soo , Choe Jeong-Sook , Kim Jung-Bong , Lee Young Han , Lim Yoongho 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe juice of Ageratum houstonianum is used in folk medicine as an external wound healing aid for skin injuries. However, the active component of A. houstonianum and its mode of action in skin wound healing has not been investigated. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of A. houstonianum ethanolnolic extract (AHE) on the expression of aquaporin-3 (AQP3), an integral membrane protein for water and glycerol transport in keratinocytes, and to identify the structure of the A. houstonianum bioactive compound. Here, we show that AHE increased AQP3 gene expression at the transcriptional level through the p38 MAPK pathway in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, AHE ameliorated suppression of AQP3 expression caused by ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation. Agerarin (6,7-dimethoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene) was identified as the bioactive compound responsible for the up-regulation of AQP3 expression by enhancing the expression of the transcription factor circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK). In conclusion, agerarin is a bioactive compound in AHE responsible for CLOCK-mediated AQP3 expression in keratinocytes.
Stress Granules Contain Rbfox2 with Cell Cycle-related mRNAs
Authors: Park Chungoo , Choi Sunkyung , Kim Yong-Eun , Lee Siyeo , Park Su-Hyung , Adelstein Robert S. , Kawamoto Sachiyo , Kim Kee K. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRbfox RNA-binding proteins play important roles in the regulation of alternative pre-mRNA splicing, but their role in other gene regulatory mechanisms is not well understood. Here, we show that Rbfox2 is a novel constituent of cytoplasmic stress granules, the translational silencing machinery assembled in response to cellular stress. We also show that the RNA binding activity of the Rbfox family protein is crucial for its localization into stress granules. To investigate the role of Rbfox2 in stress granules we used RNA-immunoprecipitation sequencing to identify cytoplasmic transcriptome-wide targets of Rbfox2. We report that a subset of cell cycle-related genes including retinoblastoma 1 is the target of Rbfox2 in cytoplasmic stress granules, and Rbfox2 regulates the retinoblastoma 1 mRNA and protein expression levels during and following stress exposure. Our study proposes a novel function for Rbfox2 in cytoplasmic stress granules.
KDM4A regulates HIF-1 levels through H3K9me3
Authors: Dobrynin Grzegorz , McAllister Tom E. , Leszczynska Katarzyna B. , Ramachandran Shaliny , Krieg Adam J. , Kawamura Akane , Hammond Ester M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRegions of hypoxia (low oxygen) occur in most solid tumours and cells in these areas are the most aggressive and therapy resistant. In response to decreased oxygen, extensive changes in gene expression mediated by Hypoxia-Inducible Factors (HIFs) contribute significantly to the aggressive hypoxic tumour phenotype. In addition to HIFs, multiple histone demethylases are altered in their expression and activity, providing a secondary mechanism to extend the hypoxic signalling response. In this study, we demonstrate that the levels of HIF-1α are directly controlled by the repressive chromatin mark, H3K9me3. In conditions where the histone demethylase KDM4A is depleted or inactive, H3K9me3 accumulates at the HIF-1α locus, leading to a decrease in HIF-1α mRNA and a reduction in HIF-1α stabilisation. Loss of KDM4A in hypoxic conditions leads to a decreased HIF-1α mediated transcriptional response and correlates with a reduction in the characteristics associated with tumour aggressiveness, including invasion, migration, and oxygen consumption. The contribution of KDM4A to the regulation of HIF-1α is most robust in conditions of mild hypoxia. This suggests that KDM4A can enhance the function of HIF-1α by increasing the total available protein to counteract any residual activity of prolyl hydroxylases.
Interface topology for distinguishing stages of sintering
Authors: Okuma Gaku , Kadowaki Daiki , Hondo Tsuyoshi , Tanaka Satoshi , Wakai Fumihiro 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSintering is a common process during which nanoparticles and microparticles are bonded, leading to the shrinkage of interstitial pore space. Understanding morphological evolution during sintering is a challenge, because pore structures are elusive and very complex. A topological model of sintering is presented here, providing insight for understanding 3-D microstructures observed by X-ray microtomography. We find that the topological evolution is described by Euler characteristics as a function of relative density. The result is general, and applicable not only to viscous sintering of glasses but also to sintering of crystalline particles. It provides criteria to distinguish the stages of sintering, and the foundations to identify the range of applicability of the methods for determining the thermodynamic driving force of sintering.
CD161 identifies polyfunctional Th1/Th17 cells in the genital mucosa that are depleted in HIV-infected female sex workers from Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Boily-Larouche Geneviève , Omollo Kenneth , Cheruiyot Julianna , Njoki Jane , Kimani Makobu , Kimani Joshua , Oyugi Julius , Lajoie Julie , Fowke Keith R. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCD161 identifies a subset of circulating Th17 cells that are depleted in the blood and gut of HIV-infected individuals. In the female reproductive tract (FRT), the pattern of CD161 expression on CD4+ cells remains unknown. Here, we characterized CD161 expression in the FRT of Kenyan female sex workers (FSW). Compared to the blood, CD161+CD4+ T cells were enriched in the FRT of uninfected FSWs. These cells were depleted in FRT of HIV-infected FSWs. Cervical CD161+ cells harboured an activated phenotype (CD69, CD95, HLA-DR) with elevated expression of tissue-homing markers (CCR6, β7 integrin) and HIV co-receptor (CCR5). Mitogen-stimulated production of IL-17 confirmed the Th17 commitment of CD161+CD4+ T cells in the FRT with a predominance of polyfunctional Th1/Th17 cells. Here, we showed that the expression of CD161 on CD4+T cells is modulated at the FRT, but still identified a highly activated cellular subset, which differentiates into pro-inflammatory Th1/Th17 cells, expresses multiple HIV susceptibility markers and are depleted in HIV-infected individuals. The use of CD161 as a biomarker of HIV targets in the FRT reduces the need for functional assessment of cells and could have important implications in better understanding HIV pathogenesis and Th17 fate in the FRT of high-risk women.
Intermittent hypoxia-induced insulin resistance is associated with alterations in white fat distribution
Authors: Poulain Laureline , Mathieu Hervé , Thomas Amandine , Borel Anne-Laure , Remy Chantal , Levy Patrick , Arnaud Claire , Dematteis Maurice 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSleep apnea syndrome is characterized by repetitive upper airway collapses during night leading to intermittent hypoxia (IH). The latter is responsible for metabolic disturbances that rely, at least in part, on abdominal white fat inflammation. Besides qualitative alterations, we hypothesized that IH could also modify body fat distribution, a key factor for metabolic complications. C57BL6 mice exposed to IH (21–5% FiO2, 60 s cycle, 8 h/day) or air for 6 weeks were investigated for topographic fat alterations (whole-body MRI). Specific role of epididymal fat in IH-induced metabolic dysfunctions was assessed in lipectomized or sham-operated mice exposed to IH or air. Whereas total white fat volume was unchanged, IH induced epididymal adipose tissue (AT) loss with non-significant increase in subcutaneous and mesenteric fat. This was associated with impaired insulin sensitivity and secretion. Epididymal lipectomy led to increased subcutaneous fat in the perineal compartment and prevented IH-induced metabolic disturbances. IH led to reduced epididymal AT and impaired glucose regulation. This suggests that, rather than epididymal AT volume, qualitative fat alterations (i.e. inflammation) could represent the main determinant of metabolic dysfunction. This deterioration of glucose regulation was prevented in epididymal-lipectomized mice, possibly through prevention of IH-induced epididymal AT alterations and compensatory increase in subcutaneous AT.
Spraying Brassinolide improves Sigma Broad tolerance in foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) through modulation of antioxidant activity and photosynthetic capacity
Authors: Yuan Xiang-Yang , Zhang Li-Guang , Huang Lei , Yang Hui-Jie , Zhong Yan-Ting , Ning Na , Wen Yin-Yuan , Dong Shu-Qi , Song Xi-E , Wang Hong-Fu , Guo Ping-Yi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTo explore the role of Brassinolide (BR) in improving the tolerance of Sigma Broad in foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.), effects of 0.1 mg/L of BR foliar application 24 h before 3.37 g/ha of Sigma Broad treatment at five-leaf stage of foxtail millet on growth parameters, antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde (MDA), chlorophyll, net photosynthetic rate (PN), chlorophyll fluorescence and P700 parameters were studied 7 and 15 d after herbicide treatment, respectively. Results showed that Sigma Broad significantly decreased plant height, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), chlorophyll content, PN, PS II effective quantum yield (Y (II)), PS II electron transport rate (ETR (II)), photochemical quantum yield of PSI(Y (I)) and PS I electron transport rate ETR (I), but significantly increased MDA. Compared to herbicide treatment, BR dramatically increased plant height, activities of SOD, Y (II), ETR (II), Y (I) and ETR (I). This study showed BR pretreatment could improve the tolerance of Sigma Broad in foxtail millet through improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes, keeping electron transport smooth, and enhancing actual photochemical efficiency of PS II and PSI.
High resolution multibeam and hydrodynamic datasets of tidal channels and inlets of the Venice Lagoon
Authors: Madricardo Fantina , Foglini Federica , Kruss Aleksandra , Ferrarin Christian , Pizzeghello Nicola Marco , Murri Chiara , Rossi Monica , Bajo Marco , Bellafiore Debora , Campiani Elisabetta , Fogarin Stefano , Grande Valentina , Janowski Lukasz , Keppel Erica , Leidi Elisa , Lorenzetti Giuliano , Maicu Francesco , Maselli Vittorio , Mercorella Alessandra , Montereale Gavazzi Giacomo , Minuzzo Tiziano , Pellegrini Claudio , Petrizzo Antonio , Prampolini Mariacristina , Remia Alessandro , Rizzetto Federica , Rovere Marzia , Sarretta Alessandro , Sigovini Marco , Sinapi Luigi , Umgiesser Georg , Trincardi Fabio 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTidal channels are crucial for the functioning of wetlands, though their morphological properties, which are relevant for seafloor habitats and flow, have been understudied so far. Here, we release a dataset composed of Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) extracted from a total of 2,500 linear kilometres of high-resolution multibeam echosounder (MBES) data collected in 2013 covering the entire network of tidal channels and inlets of the Venice Lagoon, Italy. The dataset comprises also the backscatter (BS) data, which reflect the acoustic properties of the seafloor, and the tidal current fields simulated by means of a high-resolution three-dimensional unstructured hydrodynamic model. The DTMs and the current fields help define how morphological and benthic properties of tidal channels are affected by the action of currents. These data are of potential broad interest not only to geomorphologists, oceanographers and ecologists studying the morphology, hydrodynamics, sediment transport and benthic habitats of tidal environments, but also to coastal engineers and stakeholders for cost-effective monitoring and sustainable management of this peculiar shallow coastal system.
Climatologies at high resolution for the earth’s land surface areas
Authors: Karger Dirk Nikolaus , Conrad Olaf , Böhner Jürgen , Kawohl Tobias , Kreft Holger , Soria-Auza Rodrigo Wilber , Zimmermann Niklaus E. , Linder H. Peter , Kessler Michael 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHigh-resolution information on climatic conditions is essential to many applications in environmental and ecological sciences. Here we present the CHELSA (Climatologies at high resolution for the earth’s land surface areas) data of downscaled model output temperature and precipitation estimates of the ERA-Interim climatic reanalysis to a high resolution of 30 arc sec. The temperature algorithm is based on statistical downscaling of atmospheric temperatures. The precipitation algorithm incorporates orographic predictors including wind fields, valley exposition, and boundary layer height, with a subsequent bias correction. The resulting data consist of a monthly temperature and precipitation climatology for the years 1979–2013. We compare the data derived from the CHELSA algorithm with other standard gridded products and station data from the Global Historical Climate Network. We compare the performance of the new climatologies in species distribution modelling and show that we can increase the accuracy of species range predictions. We further show that CHELSA climatological data has a similar accuracy as other products for temperature, but that its predictions of precipitation patterns are better.
AmphiBIO, a global database for amphibian ecological traits
Authors: Oliveira Brunno Freire , São-Pedro Vinícius Avelar , Santos-Barrera Georgina , Penone Caterina , Costa Gabriel C. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCurrent ecological and evolutionary research are increasingly moving from species- to trait-based approaches because traits provide a stronger link to organism’s function and fitness. Trait databases covering a large number of species are becoming available, but such data remains scarce for certain groups. Amphibians are among the most diverse vertebrate groups on Earth, and constitute an abundant component of major terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. They are also facing rapid population declines worldwide, which is likely to affect trait composition in local communities, thereby impacting ecosystem processes and services. In this context, we introduce AmphiBIO, a comprehensive database of natural history traits for amphibians worldwide. The database releases information on 17 traits related to ecology, morphology and reproduction features of amphibians. We compiled data from more than 1,500 literature sources, and for more than 6,500 species of all orders (Anura, Caudata and Gymnophiona), 61 families and 531 genera. This database has the potential to allow unprecedented large-scale analyses in ecology, evolution, and conservation of amphibians.
Fast 2D filter with low false positive for network packet inspection
Authors: Shubbar Roaa , Ahmadi Mahmood 
Published: September 2017

Deep packet inspection (DPI) represents the major process in network intrusion detection and prevention systems. In DPI each security threat is represented as a signature, and the payload of every incoming data packet is matched against the set of current signatures. Moreover, DPI is also used for other networking applications such as packet classification, quality of service techniques, protocol identification and so on. DPI exhausts extra central processing unit and memory resources, and as a result, several attempts have been proposed to improve this process. In this study, the authors proposed a fast two‐dimensional (2D) filter with low false positive (FP) rate for DPI purposes. It consists of 2D array that employs single hash function and has very low FP rate. Using this filter as an identification tool in a DPI technique will result in more accurate and higher throughput than other systems that employ Bloom (BFs) and quotient filters (QFs). Our experiments show that the proposed solution has time improvement up to 94% over others that employ BFs or QFs and the achieved average throughput is 1.8 Gbps.
Soft switched full‐bridge light emitting diode driver configuration for street lighting application
Authors: Kasi Ramakrishnareddy Ch , Shunmugam Porpandiselvi , Vishwanathan Neti 
Published: September 2017

This study presents a light emitting diode driver circuit topology based on a full‐bridge configuration with dimming control. It is more suitable for high power lighting loads. The proposed configuration has advantages of zero‐voltage switching, reduced component count and high efficiency. It can power multiple lighting loads. Operation of the proposed circuit configuration is explained in detail and it is validated through simulated and experimental results on the 145 W experimental prototype with dimming control.
Comprehensiveness of Pediatric Antiepileptic Prescribing in Clinic Letters: Are We Communicating Well?
Authors: Babiker Mohamed , Butler Christopher 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis study aims to determine the comprehensiveness of pediatric epilepsy outpatient clinic letters in a tertiary pediatric neurology center with particular focus on the prescribing instructions. A retrospective study was conducted for all pediatric outpatient epilepsy clinic letters between August and October 2016. This study was undertaken in a tertiary pediatric neurology department at the Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, United Kingdom. A total of 160 patients were identified during the time period and included in the study. Letters were evaluated for the following information: patient demographics, inclusion of problem list, and medication details including the clarity of prescribing instructions. The comprehensiveness of letters was scored out of nine based on the nine categories; weight, diagnosis list, medication list, dose in milligrams, dose equivalence in milligrams/kilograms/day, formulation, strength or concentration of medication, if applicable is the volume of medication provided and is the trade name provided. A total of 94% of letters had a diagnosis or problem list provided which was clear. Only 68% letters had a separate medication list provided. The dose of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in milligrams was provided in 95% of letters. The formulation of the AED was provided in only 30% of letters. Only 24% of letters where a category 1 AED was prescribed had the trade name provided. This study has demonstrated significant omissions from outpatient pediatric epilepsy letters. The omissions presented in this study may culminate in inefficient communication and increased morbidity. We share practice improving learning points for writing comprehensive letters which we believe can be generalized to other pediatric specialties.