bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining Differentiation of Self as a Mediator in the Biobehavioral Family Model
Authors: Priest Jacob B. 
Published: December 2017

The Biobehavioral Family Model (BBFM) is a biopsychosocial model of health. This model proposes that biobehavioral reactivity mediates the association between the family emotional climate and disease activity. To improve the clinical relevance of the BBFM, variables that mediate the association between family emotional climate and biobehavioral reactivity need to be tested. This study examined differentiation of self as a mediator. Using data from the Midlife Development in the United States study (n = 854), results suggested that differentiation of self mediated the association between the family and intimate partner emotional climate and mental health symptoms. These findings suggest that including differentiation of self into the BBFM may help interventions based on the model target factors that could improve health outcomes.
Influence of a cocktail of protease and xylanase in different energy densities of corn- and soybean-meal-based diet on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass quality, and gas emission in broilers
Authors: Nguyen D.H. , Tran H.N. , Yun H.M. , Kim I.H. 
Published: December 2017

A total of 480 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers with an average initial body weight (BW) of 42 ± 1 g was randomly divided into four treatments (8 replicates/treatment, 15 birds/replicate) by their BW to evaluate the influence of a cocktail of protease and xylanase in different energy density of corn- and soybean-meal-based diet on broilers. This experiment lasted for 35 d and there were two phases; starter (1–18 d) and finisher (19–35 d). The experiment was a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two levels of metabolizable energy and the cocktail enzyme with 200 mg of protease kg−1 diet and 100 FXU xylanase kg−1 diet. Both high-nutrient density and cocktail enzyme supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the body weight gain (BWG) during day 1–18 and day 1–35 as well as dry matter retention on day 35. Broilers fed the high-nutrient-density diets had higher (P < 0.05) energy retention on day 35 and relative breast muscle weight. Broilers fed the cocktail enzyme diets significantly increased nitrogen (N) retention and decreased the levels of ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) emission. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of the cocktail enzyme component improved BWG, N retention, and reduced excreta noxious gas emission in broilers.
A Framework for Automated and Controlled Floating-Point Accuracy Reduction in Graphics Applications on GPUs
Authors: Angerd Alexandra , Sintorn Erik , Stenström Per 
Published: December 2017

Reducing the precision of floating-point values can improve performance and/or reduce energy expenditure in computer graphics, among other, applications. However, reducing the precision level of floating-point values in a controlled fashion needs support both at the compiler and at the microarchitecture level. At the compiler level, a method is needed to automate the reduction of precision of each floating-point value. At the microarchitecture level, a lower precision of each floating-point register can allow more floating-point values to be packed into a register file. This, however, calls for new register file organizations.
This article proposes an automated precision-selection method and a novel GPU register file organization that can store floating-point register values at arbitrary precisions densely. The automated precision-selection method uses a data-driven approach for setting the precision level of floating-point values, given a quality threshold and a representative set of input data. By allowing a small, but acceptable, degradation in output quality, our method can remove a significant amount of the bits needed to represent floating-point values in the investigated kernels (between 28% and 60%). Our proposed register file organization exploits these lower-precision floating-point values by packing several of them into the same physical register. This reduces the register pressure per thread by up to 48%, and by 27% on average, for a negligible output-quality degradation. This can enable GPUs to keep up to twice as many threads in flight simultaneously.
Neuronal dynamics supporting formation and recombination of cross-modal olfactory-tactile association in the rat hippocampal formation
Authors: Boisselier Lise , Gervasoni Damien , Garcia Samuel , Ferry Barbara , Gervais Rémi 
Published: December 2017

The present study is aimed at describing some aspects of the neural dynamics supporting discrimination of olfactory-tactile paired-associated stimuli during acquisition of new pairs and during recombination of previously learned pairs in the rat. To solve the task, animals have to identify one odor-texture (OT) combination associated with a food reward among three cups with overlapping elements. Previous experiments demonstrated that the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) is involved in the processes underlying OT acquisition, whereas the dorsal hippocampus (DH) is selectively involved in the recombination processes. In the present study, local field potentials were recorded form the anterior piriform cortex (aPC), LEC, and DH in freely moving rats performing these tasks. Signal analysis focused on theta (5–12 Hz)- and beta-band (15–40 Hz) oscillatory activities in terms of both amplitude and synchrony. The results show that cue sampling was associated with a significant increase in the beta-band activity during the choice period in both the aPC and the LEC, and is modulated by level of expertise and the animal’s decision. In addition, this increase was significantly higher during the recombination compared with the acquisition of the OT task, specifically when animals had to neglect the odor previously associated with the reward. Finally, a significant decrease in coherence in the theta band between LEC and DH was observed in the recombination but not in the acquisition task. These data point to specific neural signatures of simple and complex cross-modal sensory processing in the LEC-DH complex. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is the first to describe electrophysiological correlates of cross-modal olfactory-tactile integration in rats. Recordings were sought from the lateral entorhinal cortex and the dorsal hippocampus because previous studies have shown their role in the formation and in the recombination of previously learned associations. We identified specific oscillatory-evoked neural responses in these structures in the theta and beta bands, which characterize acquisition and recombination of cross-modal olfactory-tactile pairs.
Evaluation of Global Genomic DNA Methylation in Human Whole Blood by Capillary Electrophoresis UV Detection
Authors: Zinellu Angelo , Sotgiu Elisabetta , Assaretti Stefano , Sotgia Salvatore , Paliogiannis Panagiotis , Pintus Gianfranco , Mangoni Arduino A. , Carru Ciriaco 
Published: December 2017

Alterations in global DNA methylation are implicated in various pathophysiological processes. The development of simple and quick, yet robust, methods to assess DNA methylation is required to facilitate its measurement and interpretation in clinical practice. We describe a highly sensitive and reproducible capillary electrophoresis method with UV detection for the separation and detection of cytosine and methylcytosine, after formic acid hydrolysis of DNA extracted from human whole blood. Hydrolysed samples were dried and resuspended with water and directly injected into the capillary without sample derivatization procedures. The use of a run buffer containing 50 mmol/L BIS-TRIS propane (BTP) phosphate buffer at pH 3.25 and 60 mmol/L sodium acetate buffer at pH 3.60 (4 : 1, v/v) allowed full analyte identification within 11 min. Precision tests indicated an elevated reproducibility with an interassay CV of 1.98% when starting from 2 μg of the extracted DNA. The method was successfully tested by measuring the DNA methylation degree both in healthy volunteers and in reference calf thymus DNA.
Enriching Genomic Resources and Transcriptional Profile Analysis of Miscanthus sinensis under Drought Stress Based on RNA Sequencing
Authors: Nie Gang , Huang Linkai , Ma Xiao , Ji Zhongjie , Zhang Yajie , Tang Lu , Zhang Xinquan 
Published: December 2017

Miscanthus × giganteus is wildly cultivated as a potential biofuel feedstock around the world; however, the narrow genetic basis and sterile characteristics have become a limitation for its utilization. As a progenitor of M. × giganteus, M. sinensis is widely distributed around East Asia providing well abiotic stress tolerance. To enrich the M. sinensis genomic databases and resources, we sequenced and annotated the transcriptome of M. sinensis by using an Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. Approximately 316 million high-quality trimmed reads were generated from 349 million raw reads, and a total of 114,747 unigenes were obtained after de novo assembly. Furthermore, 95,897 (83.57%) unigenes were annotated to at least one database including NR, Swiss-Prot, KEGG, COG, GO, and NT, supporting that the sequences obtained were annotated properly. Differentially expressed gene analysis indicates that drought stress 15 days could be a critical period for M. sinensis response to drought stress. The high-throughput transcriptome sequencing of M. sinensis under drought stress has greatly enriched the current genomic available resources. The comparison of DEGs under different periods of drought stress identified a wealth of candidate genes involved in drought tolerance regulatory networks, which will facilitate further genetic improvement and molecular studies of the M. sinensis.
Mutational Mechanisms That Activate Wnt Signaling and Predict Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Hankey William , McIlhatton Michael A. , Ebede Kenechi , Kennedy Brian , Hancioglu Baris , Zhang Jie , Brock Guy N. , Huang Kun , Groden Joanna 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
APC biallelic loss-of-function mutations are the most prevalent genetic changes in colorectal tumors, but it is unknown whether these mutations phenocopy gain-of-function mutations in the CTNNB1 gene encoding β-catenin that also activate canonical WNT signaling. Here we demonstrate that these two mutational mechanisms are not equivalent. Furthermore, we show how differences in gene expression produced by these different mechanisms can stratify outcomes in more advanced human colorectal cancers. Gene expression profiling in Apc-mutant and Ctnnb1-mutant mouse colon adenomas identified candidate genes for subsequent evaluation of human TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) data for colorectal cancer outcomes. Transcriptional patterns exhibited evidence of activated canonical Wnt signaling in both types of adenomas, with Apc-mutant adenomas also exhibiting unique changes in pathways related to proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, and apoptosis. Apc-mutant adenomas were characterized by increased expression of the glial nexin Serpine2, the human ortholog, which was increased in advanced human colorectal tumors. Our results support the hypothesis that APC-mutant colorectal tumors are transcriptionally distinct from APC-wild-type colorectal tumors with canonical WNT signaling activated by other mechanisms, with possible implications for stratification and prognosis.
Significance: These findings suggest that colon adenomas driven by APC mutations are distinct from those driven by WNT gain-of-function mutations, with implications for identifying at-risk patients with advanced disease based on gene expression patterns. Cancer Res; 78(3); 617–30. ©2017 AACR.
Intermediate‐Term Risk of Stroke Following Cardiac Procedures in a Nationally Representative Data Set
Authors: Stein Laura , Thaler Alison , Liang John W. , Tuhrim Stanley , Dhamoon Amit S. , Dhamoon Mandip S. 
Published: December 2017

Background
Studies on stroke risk following cardiac procedures addressed only perioperative and long‐term risk following limited higher‐risk procedures, were poorly generalizable, and often failed to stratify by stroke type. We calculated stroke risk in the intermediate risk period following cardiac procedures compared with common noncardiac surgeries and medical admissions.

Methods and Results

The Nationwide Readmissions Database contains readmission data for 49% of US admissions in 2013. We compared age‐adjusted stroke readmission rates up to 90 days postdischarge. We used Cox regression to calculate hazard ratios, up to 1 year, of stroke risk comparing transcatheter aortic valve replacement versus surgical aortic valve replacement and coronary artery bypass graft versus percutaneous coronary intervention. Procedures and diagnoses were identified by International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. After cardiac procedures, 90‐day ischemic stroke readmission rate was highest after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (2.05%); 90‐day hemorrhagic stroke rate was highest after left ventricular assist device placement (0.09%). The hazard ratio for ischemic stroke after transcatheter aortic valve replacement, compared with surgical aortic valve replacement, in fully adjusted Cox models was 1.86 (95% confidence interval, 1.12–3.08;
P
=0.016) and 6.17 (95% confidence interval, 1.97–19.33;
P
=0.0018) for hemorrhagic stroke. There was no difference between coronary artery bypass graft and percutaneous coronary intervention.

Conclusions
We demonstrated elevated readmission rates for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in the intermediate 30‐, 60‐, and 90‐day risk periods following common cardiac procedures. Furthermore, we found an elevated risk of stroke after transcatheter aortic valve replacement compared with surgical aortic valve replacement up to 1 year.
Matrine‐Type Alkaloids Inhibit Advanced Glycation End Products Induced Reactive Oxygen Species‐Mediated Apoptosis of Aortic Endothelial Cells In Vivo and In Vitro by Targeting MKK3 and p38MAPK Signaling
Authors: Liu Zhongwei , Lv Ying , Zhang Yong , Liu Fuqiang , Zhu Ling , Pan Shuo , Qiu Chuan , Guo Yan , Yang Tielin , Wang Junkui 
Published: December 2017

Background

The matrine‐type alkaloids are bioactive components extracted from
Sophora flavescens
, which is used in treatment of diabetes mellitus in traditional Chinese medicine. Advanced glycation end products mediate diabetic vascular complications. This study was aimed to investigate the protective effects and molecular mechanisms of matrine‐type alkaloids on advanced glycation end products–induced reactive oxygen species–mediated endothelial apoptosis.

Methods and Results

Rats aorta and cultured rat aortic endothelial cells were exposed to advanced glycation end products. Matrine‐type alkaloids, p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor, and small interference
RNA
s against p38
MAPK
kinases
MAPK
kinase kinase (
MKK
)3 and
MKK
6 were administrated. Intracellular reactive oxygen species production, cell apoptosis, phosphorylation of
MKK
s/p38
MAPK,
and expression levels of heme oxygenase/
NADPH
quinone oxidoreductase were assessed. The nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 nuclear translocation and the binding activity of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 with antioxidant response element were also evaluated. Matrine‐type alkaloids suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen species production and inhibited endothelial cell apoptosis in vivo
and
in vitro by recovering phosphorylation of
MKK
3/6 and p38
MAPK
, nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 nuclear translocation, and antioxidant response element binding activity, as well as the expression levels of heme oxygenase/
NADPH
quinone oxidoreductase. p38
MAPK
inhibitor treatment impaired the effects of matrine‐type alkaloids in vivo and in vitro.
MKK
3/6 silencing impaired the effects of matrine‐type alkaloids in vitro.

Conclusions

Matrine‐type alkaloids exert endothelial protective effects against advanced glycation end products induced reactive oxygen species–mediated apoptosis by targeting
MKK
3/6 and enhancing their phosphorylation.
Comparison of Deep Sedation With General Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
Authors: Patzelt Johannes , Ulrich Miriam , Magunia Harry , Sauter Reinhard , Droppa Michal , Jorbenadze Rezo , Becker Annika S. , Walker Tobias , von Bardeleben Ralph Stephan , Grasshoff Christian , Rosenberger Peter , Gawaz Meinrad , Seizer Peter , Langer Harald F. 
Published: December 2017

Background

Percutaneous edge‐to‐edge mitral valve repair (
PMVR
) has become an established treatment option for mitral regurgitation in patients not eligible for surgical repair. Currently, most procedures are performed under general anesthesia (
GA
). An increasing number of centers, however, are performing the procedure under deep sedation (
DS
). Here, we compared patients undergoing
PMVR
with
GA
or
DS
.

Methods and Results

A total of 271 consecutive patients underwent
PMVR
at our institution between May 2014 and December 2016. Seventy‐two procedures were performed under
GA
and 199 procedures under
DS
. We observed that in the
DS
group, doses of propofol (743±228 mg for
GA
versus 369±230 mg for
DS
,
P
<0.001) and norepinephrine (1.1±1.6 mg for
GA
versus 0.2±0.3 mg for
DS
,
P
<0.001) were significantly lower. Procedure time, fluoroscopy time, and dose area product were significantly higher in the
GA
group. There was no significant difference between
GA
and
DS
with respect to overall bleeding complications, postinterventional pneumonia (4% for
GA
versus 5% for
DS
), or C‐reactive protein levels (361±351 nmol/L for
GA
versus 278±239 nmol/L for DS). Significantly fewer patients with DS needed a postinterventional stay in the intensive care unit (96% for
GA
versus 19% for
DS
,
P
<0.001). Importantly, there was no significant difference between
DS
and
GA
regarding intrahospital or 6‐month mortality.

Conclusions

DS
for
PMVR
is safe and feasible. No disadvantages with respect to procedural outcome or complications in comparison to
GA
were observed. Applying
DS
may simplify the
PMVR
procedure.
Arsenic Exposure in Relation to Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Tsinovoi Cari L. , Xun Pengcheng , McClure Leslie A. , Carioni Vivian M.O. , Brockman John D. , Cai Jianwen , Guallar Eliseo , Cushman Mary , Unverzagt Frederick W. , Howard Virginia J. , He Ka 
Published: December 2017

Background and Purpose—
The purpose of this case–cohort study was to examine urinary arsenic levels in relation to incident ischemic stroke in the United States.

Methods—
We performed a case–cohort study nested within the REGARDS (REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) cohort. A subcohort (n=2486) of controls was randomly sampled within region–race–sex strata while all incident ischemic stroke cases from the full REGARDS cohort (n=671) were included. Baseline urinary arsenic was measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Arsenic species, including urinary inorganic arsenic and its metabolites monomethylarsonic acid and dimethylarsinic acid, were measured in a random subset (n=199). Weighted Cox’s proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of ischemic stroke by arsenic and its species.

Results—
The average follow-up was 6.7 years. Although incident ischemic stroke showed no association with total arsenic or total inorganic arsenic, for each unit higher level of urinary monomethylarsonic acid on a log-scale, after adjustment for potential confounders, ischemic stroke risk increased ≈2-fold (hazard ratio=1.98; 95% confidence interval: 1.12–3.50). Effect modification by age, race, sex, or geographic region was not evident.

Conclusions—
A metabolite of arsenic was positively associated with incident ischemic stroke in this case–cohort study of the US general population, a low-to-moderate exposure area. Overall, these findings suggest a potential role for arsenic methylation in the pathogenesis of stroke, having important implications for future cerebrovascular research.
Successful Reperfusion With Intravenous Thrombolysis Preceding Mechanical Thrombectomy in Large-Vessel Occlusions
Authors: Tsivgoulis Georgios , Katsanos Aristeidis H. , Schellinger Peter D. , Köhrmann Martin , Varelas Panayiotis , Magoufis Georgios , Paciaroni Maurizio , Caso Valeria , Alexandrov Anne W. , Gurol Edip , Alexandrov Andrei V. 
Published: December 2017

Background and Purpose—
Although current guidelines advocate pretreatment with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in all eligible patients with acute ischemic stroke with large-vessel occlusion before mechanical thrombectomy, there are observational data questioning the efficacy of this approach. One of the main arguments in favor of IVT pretreatment is the potential for tissue-type plasminogen activator–induced successful reperfusion (SR) before the onset of endovascular procedure.

Methods—
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials and observational cohorts providing rates of SR with IVT in patients with large-vessel occlusion before the initiation of mechanical thrombectomy. We also performed subgroup analyses according to study type (randomized controlled clinical trials versus observational) and according to the inclusion per protocol of patients with tandem (intracranial/extracranial) occlusions.

Results—

We identified 13 eligible studies (7 randomized controlled clinical trials and 6 observational cohorts), including 1561 patients with acute ischemic stroke (median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, 17) with large-vessel occlusion. SR following IVT and before mechanical thrombectomy was documented in 11% (95% confidence interval, 7%–16%), with no difference among cohorts derived from randomized controlled clinical trials and observational studies. There was significant heterogeneity across included studies both in the overall analysis and among subgroups (I
2
>84%;
P
for Cochran Q, <0.001). Higher tissue-type plasminogen activator–induced SR rates were documented in studies reporting the exclusion of tandem occlusions (17%; 95% confidence interval, 11%–23%) compared with the rest (7%; 95% confidence interval, 4%–11%;
P
for subgroup differences, 0.003).

Conclusions—
Pretreatment with systemic thrombolysis in patients with large-vessel occlusion eligible for mechanical thrombectomy results in SR in 1 of 10 cases, negating the need for additional endovascular reperfusion. Tandem occlusions seem to be the least responsive to IVT pretreatment.
Regioselective Pinacol Rearrangement of Unsymmetrical Cyclobutane-1,2-diols
Authors: Gembus Vincent , Karmazin Lydia , Pira Sylvain , Uguen Daniel 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Hydroxy-sulfone 34b, prepared as a mixture of trans and cis isomers by condensing the O-silyl derivative 18c of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-cyclobutanone 18b — the Norrish II photocyclisation product of 2,3-pentanedione 21 — and methyl phenyl sulfone 33 was found to rearrange selectively either to the cyclopropanic β-ketosulfone 37 or the isomeric methyl ketone 38 by using, respectively, the tosyl fluoride/DBU and the DAST reagent. The potential of this methodology has been illustrated by a synthesis of phytal 1 from geranylacetone 46, and by the preparation from 3,4-hexanedione 51 and prenol 56 — via the cyclopropanic β-ketosulfone 54 (X-ray) — of an advanced fragment of the juvenile hormone molecule 59.