bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Notions of Quality and Excellence Within a Centre for Excellence Initiative in Higher Education
Authors: Slette Aslaug Louise , Johansen Geir 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
While initiatives that aim to achieve excellence within research in higher education are quite common, initiatives focusing on excellence within education is a more recent phenomenon. This article reports on a document study of calls for proposals, applications and reports from the Norwegian ’Centres for Excellence in Education’ Initiative. Based on the central literature in the field, the study investigates the notions of ‘quality’ and ‘excellence’ that can be identified. The findings revealed four groups of notions of educational quality and excellence: ‘subject-specific’, ‘education-centred’, ‘sector-targeted’ and ‘sector-wide’ notions. The analysis also revealed a skewed distribution between statements pointing inwards to the institutions or subject areas versus outwards to the higher education sector and society, in favour of the inbound notions. The increased impact and participation of students within the centres stood out as an example of ‘whose quality’ has influenced the identified notions. The article concludes by questioning the prominence of excellence within the initiative, asking whether excellence is more of an attitude than something the centres have managed to express or something to reach for rather than something to achieve.
Discourse markers in Shajara-i Tarākima
Authors: Kahya Hayrullah 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Shajara-i Tarākima, transcribed in Classical Chagatai Turkic by Abu al-Ghazi Bahadur Khan during the 17th century, is one of the most significant works in Turkology studies. Since the 19th century, it has garnered substantial interest among Turkology researchers from various nations, becoming the subject of numerous scholarly investigations. However, these studies have primarily focused on critiquing and revising the previous researchers’ works, overlooking the characteristics of spoken language present in the text. Nevertheless, considering that the fundamental basis of the work lies in oral narratives, it is evident that the text incorporates abundant features of colloquial language. Therefore, a pragmatic evaluation of the Shajara-i Tarākima is crucial to better comprehending and interpreting the work. This study analyzes the discourse markers in the Shajara-i Tarākima to achieve this purpose. The research builds upon the new model proposed by Crible and Degand (2019), which identifies discourse markers based on their combination of domain and function. The study asserts that in intralingual or interlingual translations of historical texts containing features of colloquial language, discourse markers play a vital role in ensuring the accurate transfer of meaning.
Evaluating the potential of agile branding: opportunities and challenges in the start-up context
Authors: Pöhlmann Michaela , de las Heras-Pedrosa Carlos , Seitz Jürgen , Jambrino-Maldonado Carmen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The necessity for companies to adopt an agile brand management approach to maintain relevance and competitiveness in our dynamic and fast-moving world is a key finding of recent studies. Nevertheless, no study has yet investigated the potential and applicability of the concept of agile branding. Concurrently, start-ups are confronted with the challenge of high failure rates due to shortcomings in brand management. The necessity for start-ups to adopt innovative and dynamic brand strategies arises from the constant internal and external changes that characterise the start-up environment. Previous studies on brand management, by contrast, have mainly focussed on established companies. Given the affinity and need for agility observed in start-ups, agile branding appears to be particularly relevant for start-ups. This study aims to address two research gaps: firstly, to explore the potential of the concept of agile branding and, secondly, to expand academic research of branding practices tailored to start-ups to assist them in overcoming the specific brand management challenges they face. The study draws on an extensive and structured literature review, followed by qualitative semi-structured interviews with eleven experts and 18 start-ups, to discuss the opportunities and challenges of agile branding in the context of start-ups. The results were analysed from the perspective of the five dimensions of agile branding and the dynamic capabilities framework. Agile branding offers start-ups the opportunity to adapt swiftly to market changes, allocate resources efficiently, and reduce risk through data-driven decision-making. Overcoming challenges requires a shift in organisational culture and employee mindset, optimisation of stakeholder feedback processes, and navigation of the complexities of implementation. In conclusion, the advantages of agile branding for start-ups are found to outweigh the disadvantages. The study extends the scarce research on agile branding and provides brand managers and start-up founders with an efficient approach to organising their brand management process with limited resources.
A spatial- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy beamline based on capillary optics at ASTRID2
Authors: Jones Alfred J. H. , Majchrzak Paulina , Volckaert Klara , Biswas Deepnarayan , Vad Andersen John , Hoffmann Søren V. , Jones Nykola C. , Jiang Zhihao , Chen Yong P. , Jensen Mads Lykke , Stenshøj Rasmus Ørnekoll , Bianchi Marco , Hofmann Philip , Ulstrup Søren , Miwa Jill A. 
Published: February 2025

Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) with spatial resolution is emerging as a powerful investigative tool for the study of operational mesoscale devices and quantum materials. Here, we introduce AU-SGM4, an extreme ultraviolet beamline based at the ASTRID2 synchrotron, which is designed around an achromatic elliptical capillary optic that focuses the synchrotron light down to a lateral beam spot size of 4 μm. The beamline offers a low photon energy range of 12–150 eV, ideal for probing detailed energy- and momentum-resolved electronic structures of materials. We utilize a custom-made piezoelectric motor system with 11 degrees of freedom for precisely moving the sample and capillary optic. We demonstrate exceptional stability in beam positioning on samples across the entire available photon energy range. To showcase the capabilities of the AU-SGM4 beamline, we present simultaneous ARPES measurements and in situ gating of a graphene device and probe the nominally inaccessible microscopic-sized domains of MnBi6Te10 to obtain the energy- and momentum-dependent dispersion for each domain.
Fast-response IWO/Si heterojunction photodetectors
Authors: Dai Xiaochuang , Yang Jianwen , Wang Huishan , Luo Yunxi , Zeng Jinying , Shi Wangzhou , Liu Feng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
IWO/Si-based heterojunction photodetectors are designed with optimized structure, and they exhibit enhanced photoelectric detection capabilities. Under the action of the self-built electric field, the current easily flows from IWO to Si, but the resistance is high when flowing in the reverse direction due to the presence of the electron barrier. Under the 450 nm illumination condition, the effect of light on the forward flow from IWO to Si is minimal, but the illumination is sufficient to generate a large number of photogenerated carriers, which separate under the action of the built-in electric field and form a distinct photocurrent under the applied bias voltage. The optimized device exhibited ultra-fast response times (rise time of 8.2 ms and fall time of 7.9 ms), along with a high normalized detectivity (D* = 4.73 × 1011 cm·Hz(½)/W) and a high photoswitch ratio (PS = 6.6×103). These results demonstrate that the IWO/Si photodetector can serve as a high-performance photodetection device and is one of the candidates that exhibit more easily reproducible and stable performance compared to photodetectors based on two-dimensional materials.
Intrinsic electric field regulated photoexcited charge carrier transfer at the interface of GeC/MoSSe heterostructure
Authors: Li Hangyu , Wang Yanqi , Ma Shu-hong , Jiao Zhaoyong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Combining first-principles calculations and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations, this study explores the electronic structures, optical properties and photoexcited charge carrier dynamics in GeC/MoSSe with two stacking configurations. Electrostatic potential analysis demonstrates stacking-dependent interfacial electric fields in the heterostructures. Notably, the type-II GeC/SMoSe heterolayer exhibits an electric field that promotes ultrafast charge separation with electron and hole transfer time of 68 fs and 40 fs, respectively, via multiple intermediate electronic states serving as efficient transfer channels. Moreover, electron-hole recombination time in GeC/SMoSe is prolonged to 94.2 ns, nearly seven times as long as that of GeC/SeMoS, which originates from reduced nonadiabatic coupling and enhanced decoherence. These findings reveal the critical role of Janus asymmetry-induced interfacial electric fields in tailoring charge carrier dynamics in van der Waals heterostructures for promising applications in optoelectronics.
Quantitative evaluation of nuclear quantum effects on the phase transitions in BaTiO3 using large-scale molecular dynamics simulations based on machine learning potentials
Authors: Kanayama Kansei , Toyoura Kazuaki 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The machine learning potential (MLP) based molecular dynamics (MD) method was applied for constructing the pressure-temperature phase diagram in the barium titanate (BaTiO3) crystals. The nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) on the phase transitions were quantitatively evaluated from the difference in the phase transition pressures between the NQEs-incorporated and classical simulations. In this study, the quantum thermal bath (QTB) method was used for incorporating the NQEs. The constructed phase diagrams verified that the NQEs lower the phase transition temperatures and pressures. The NQEs are more significant at lower temperatures but cannot be ignored even at room temperature. The phase diagram in the QTB-based MLPMD is in good agreement with those of the previous studies based on dielectric measurements and path-integral based simulations. In addition, this study clarified that the large cell size (a 16×16×16 or larger cell) and friction coefficient (≥ 15 THz) are required for accurately reproducing the phase transitions during the QTB-MD simulations.
Comparing Dynamics, Pinning and Ratchet Effects for Skyrmionium, Skyrmions, and Antiskyrmions
Authors: Bellizotti Souza J.C. , Vizarim Nicolas , Olson Reichhardt Cynthia J , Reichhardt Charles , Venegas Pablo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We compare the driven dynamics of skyrmions, antiskyrmions, and skyrmionium interacting with random disorder, circular defects, and asymmetric potentials. When interacting with a line defect at a constant drive, skyrmions and antiskyrmions show an acceleration effect for motion along the wall and a drop in velocity when they can cross the barrier. In contrast, skyrmionium travels at a reduced velocity when moving along a wall, and exhibits an increase in velocity once it can cross the barrier. For point defects, skyrmionium can be pinned for a finite fixed period of time, while for skyrmions and antiskyrmions, the Magnus force creates a deflection from the defect and an acceleration effect. For a given drive, skyrmionium moves twice as fast as skyrmions; however, skyrmionium is more susceptible to pinning effects than skyrmions and antiskyrmions. Additionally, there is a critical threshold where the skyrmionium transforms to a skyrmion that is associated with a drop in the velocity of the texture. We show that all three textures exhibit diode and ratchet effects when interacting with an asymmetric substrate, but skyrmions and antiskyrmions show a stronger ratcheting effect than skyrmionium due to the Magnus force.
Kolmogorov-Arnold neural networks for high-entropy alloys design
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Yagnik , Avlani Harshil , Zhuang Houlong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A wide range of deep learning-based machine learning techniques have been extensively applied to the design of high-entropy alloys (HEAs), yielding numerous valuable insights. Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs) are a recently developed architecture that aims to improve both the accuracy and interpretability of input features. In this work, we explored three different datasets for HEA design and demonstrated the application of KANs for both classification and regression models. In the first example, we use a KAN classifier model to predict the probability of single-phase formation in high-entropy carbide ceramics based on various properties such as mixing enthalpy and valence electron concentration. In the second example, we employ a KAN regressor model to predict the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of HEAs based on their chemical composition and process conditions including annealing time, cold rolling percentage, and homogenization temperature. The third example involves a KAN classifier model to determine whether a certain composition is an HEA or non-HEA, followed by a KAN regressor model to predict the bulk modulus of the identified HEA, aiming to identify HEAs with high bulk moduli. In all three examples, KANs either outperforms or matches the performance in terms of accuracy such as F1 score for classification, and Mean Square Error (MSE) and coefficient of determination (R2) for regression of the multilayer perceptron (MLP) by demonstrating the efficacy of KANs in handling both classification and regression tasks.
Impact of low ell's on large scale structure anomalies
Authors: Ben-Dayan Ido , Kumar Utkarsh , Shimon Meir , Verma Amresh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We scrutinize the reported lensing anomaly of the CMB by considering several phenomenological modifications of the lensing consistency parameter, A
L. Considering Planck spectra alone, we find statistically significant evidence for scale dependence (`running') of A
L. We then demonstrate that the anomaly is entirely driven by Planck's low multipoles, ℓ ≤ 30. When these data points are excluded, a joint analysis with several other datasets clearly favors ΛCDM over the extended ΛCDM + A
L model.
Not only that the lensing anomaly and low ℓ anomaly of the CMB go away in this case, but also the S
8 tension is ameliorated, and only the Hubble tension persists.
Search for a gravitational-wave background from sound speed resonance from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs
Authors: Wu You , Chen Zu-Cheng , Liu Lang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We search for a stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) originating from
scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) with the sound speed resonance (SSR) effect using data
from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs. The SSR mechanism,
characterized by an oscillating sound speed squared term, can induce a nonperturbative parametric
amplification of specific perturbation modes during inflation, leading to enhanced primordial
curvature perturbations and a significant SIGW signal. We perform a Bayesian analysis to constrain
the model parameters describing the SGWB spectrum from the SSR effect. Our results show no
statistically significant evidence for the presence of such a signal in the current
data. Consequently, we place an upper limit of |τ
0| ≲ 5.9 × 103 s at
95% confidence level on the start time of the oscillation in the SSR model. These results
demonstrate the capability of current gravitational wave detectors to probe inflation models
through the SSR mechanism and paves the way for future searches with improved sensitivity.
QCD-sourced tachyonic phase transition in a supercooled Universe
Authors: Schmitt Daniel , Sagunski Laura 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We propose a novel gravitational wave production mechanism in the context of
quasi-conformal Standard Model extensions, which provide a way to dynamically generate the
electroweak scale. In these models, the cosmic thermal history is modified by a substantial
period of thermal inflation, potentially supercooling the Universe below the QCD scale. The exit
from supercooling is typically realized through a strong, first-order phase transition. By
employing the classically conformal U(1)B-L model as a representative example, we show
that a large parameter space exists where bubble percolation is inefficient. In this case, the
top quark condensate triggers a tachyonic phase transition driven by classical rolling of the new
scalar field towards the true vacuum. As the field crosses a region where its effective mass is
negative, long-wavelength scalar field fluctuations are exponentially amplified, preheating the
supercooled Universe. We study the dynamics of this scenario and estimate the peak of the
associated gravitational wave signal, which is detectable by future observatories in almost the
entire available parameter space.
Growing Evidence for a Higgs Triplet
Authors: Crivellin Andreas , Coloretti Guglielmo , Banik Sumit , Mellado Bruce , Ashanujjaman Saiyad , Maharathy Siddharth 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
With the discovery of a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in 2012, the Standard Model (SM) is complete, and despite intensive searches, no new fundamental particle has been observed since then. In fact, a discovery can be challenging without a predictive new physics model because different channels and observables cannot be combined directly and unambiguously. Furthermore, without supporting indirect hints, the signal space to be searched is huge, resulting in diluted significances. &#xD;&#xD;Several LHC processes with multiple leptons in the final state point towards the existence of a new Higgs boson with a mass between 140GeV to 160GeV decaying mostly to W bosons. While the former strongly reduces the look-elsewhere effect, the latter indicates that it could be a Higgs triplet with zero hypercharge. Within this simple and predictive extension of the Standard Model, we simulate and combine different channels of di-photon production in association with leptons, missing energy, jets, etc... Using the full run-2 results by ATLAS, including those presented recently at the Moriond conference, an increased significance of 4 standard deviations is obtained for a 152GeV Higgs. Due to the previously predicted mass range, the look-elsewhere effect is negligible, and this constitutes the highest statistical evidence for a new narrow resonance obtained at the LHC. Furthermore, the model predicts a heavier-than-expected W boson, as indicated by the global electroweak fit. If further substantiated, the discovery of a new Higgs would overthrow the SM, provide a compelling case for the construction of future particle colliders, and open the way to a novel understanding of the known shortcomings of the SM. In particular, the triplet Higgs field can lead to a strong first-order phase transition and could thus be related to the matter anti-matter asymmetry in our Universe. Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Article funded by SCOAP3 and published under licence by Chinese Physical Society and the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Science and the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and IOP Publishing Ltd.
Inhibited cavitation in lanthanum-doped tungsten under multiple melt exposures in GLADIS and ASDEX Upgrade
Authors: Yuan Yue , Qin Ying , Krieger Karl , Greuner H , Böswirth Bernd , Wang Hanqing , Ren Meng-Chong , Cheng Long , Lu Guang-Hong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Melt ejection and melt motion of tungsten (W) as a plasma-facing material due to accidental thermal overload events are primary concerns for ITER and DEMO. Previous experiments have revealed that W-1wt.% La₂O₃ is an effective material for suppressing cavitation under a single pulsed heat load [1]. To further investigate this effect, both W and W-1wt.% La₂O₃ (WL10) were subjected to multiple melt exposures in the high heat flux facility GLADIS and the tokamak ASDEX Upgrade (AUG). In GLADIS, H/He high-power neutral particle beams were used, with a total energy density of 41-50 MJ/m² per pulse, adjusted by the pulse duration. In AUG, eight ELMing H-mode deuterium (D) plasma discharges (#37680-87) were employed with samples exposed by the divertor manipulator DIM-II. The results revealed that the surface and cross-sectional morphologies of the resolidified melt layers are similar in both GLADIS and AUG. The pure W samples exhibited pronounced cavitation, with numerous spherical voids in the resolidified layer. In contrast, the WL10 samples developed an undulating surface morphology with a dense resolidified layer at the top, free of spherical voids and lanthanum particles, indicating sustained cavitation suppression even after La₂O₃ had vaporized from the top surface during previous melting. This suppression effect is likely primarily due to the formation of the undulating surface, which exposes the still La₂O₃-rich deeper material regions. The La₂O₃ particles participated in subsequent melting cycles, continuously preventing cavitation. Additionally, we compared D retention in W and WL10 samples subjected to the eight D plasma discharges in AUG. D retention was significantly reduced from 2.5×10²¹ to 4.4×10¹⁹ D/m² for W and slightly decreased from 1.5×10²¹ to 1.2×10²¹ D/m² for WL10 when comparing unmolten and molten samples. Overall, multiple melting experiments in both GLADIS and AUG confirm that W-La₂O₃ is a good cavitation-resistant material, effectively suppressing cavitation in W melt.