bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of pain and its socio-demographic and clinical correlates among heroin-dependent patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment
Authors: Yang Ying-Jia , Xu Yan-Min , Chen Wen-Cai , Zhu Jun-Hong , Lu Jin , Zhong Bao-Liang 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTo date there have been no studies investigating the characteristics of pain in Chinese heroin-dependent patients (HDPs) receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). This study examined the frequency and socio-demographic and clinical correlates of pain in HDPs under MMT. A consecutive sample of 603 HDPs was recruited from three MMT clinics in Wuhan, China. These patients completed a standardized questionnaire concerning socio-demographic and clinical data. Pain intensity was assessed with the 5-point Verbal Rating Scale (“Overall, how intense is your pain now?”) with responses of: 1 = none, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, 4 = severe, 5 = very severe. A pain score of three or higher was used to denote clinical significant pain (CSP). The prevalence of CSP in HDPs receiving MMT was 53.6%. Factors significantly associated CSP in multiple logistics regression analysis were old age, marital status of “non-married”, unemployment, having religious beliefs, a history of injecting heroin, a high dose of methadone, and more depressive symptoms. Over a half of Chinese HDPs receiving MMT have CSP. Services for HDPs in MMT settings should include periodic screening for pain, psychosocial supports, and professional treatment for pain.
Biogeography shaped the metabolome of the genus Espeletia: a phytochemical perspective on an Andean adaptive radiation
Authors: Padilla-González Guillermo F. , Diazgranados Mauricio , Da Costa Fernando B. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe páramo ecosystem has the highest rate of diversification across plant lineages on earth, of which the genus Espeletia (Asteraceae) is a prime example. The current distribution and molecular phylogeny of Espeletia suggest the influence of Andean geography and past climatic fluctuations on the diversification of this genus. However, molecular markers have failed to reveal subtle biogeographical trends in Espeletia diversification, and metabolomic evidence for allopatric segregation in plants has never been reported. Here, we present for the first time a metabolomics approach based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for revealing subtle biogeographical trends in Espeletia diversification. We demonstrate that Espeletia lineages can be distinguished by means of different metabolic fingerprints correlated to the country of origin on a global scale and to the páramo massif on a regional scale. Distinctive patterns in the accumulation of secondary metabolites according to the main diversification centers of Espeletia are also identified and a comprehensive phytochemical characterization is reported. These findings demonstrate that a variation in the metabolic fingerprints of Espeletia lineages followed the biogeography of this genus, suggesting that our untargeted metabolomics approach can be potentially used as a model to understand the biogeographic history of additional plant groups in the páramo ecosystem.
The preparation and application of a graphene-based hybrid flame retardant containing a long-chain phosphaphenanthrene
Authors: Chen Wenhua , Liu Yuansen , Liu Pengju , Xu Changan , Liu Yuan , Wang Qi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA novel hybrid flame retardant combining graphene oxide (GO) with long-chain phosphaphenanthrene was fabricated via surface grafting reaction. Taking advantageous of the double barrier effects, including the physical shield contributed by graphene nanoplates during the initial stage and the chemical char contributed by phosphaphenanthrene during the later stage, greatly decreased the release rate of decomposed volatiles from the resin, as well as minimized the release of oxygen and combustion heat. Hence, such hybrid flame retardant can overcome the shortcomings of early acid catalyzed degradation effects caused by conventional flame retardants containing phosphorus. Satisfactory flame retardance was achieved (UL94 V-0 rating) with only 4% addition of the hybrid flame retardant to the epoxy resin laminate. Due to the long-chain and bulky phosphaphenanthrene groups, the interlayer attractive forces of the modified GO were effectively weakened, thus favoring the exfoliation and dispersion of graphene sheets. As a result, the incorporation of the flame retardant slightly enhanced the mechanical properties of the polymer composites, rather than deteriorating them, as occurs with traditional additive flame retardants. As a potential application for graphene, it is believed that the reported hybrid flame retardant has promising future prospect.
Dynamics of Hydration Water Plays a Key Role in Determining the Binding Thermodynamics of Protein Complexes
Authors: Chong Song-Ho , Ham Sihyun 
Published: August 2017

AbstractInterfacial waters are considered to play a crucial role in protein–protein interactions, but in what sense and why are they important? Here, using molecular dynamics simulations and statistical thermodynamic analyses, we demonstrate distinctive dynamic characteristics of the interfacial water and investigate their implications for the binding thermodynamics. We identify the presence of extraordinarily slow (~1,000 times slower than in bulk water) hydrogen-bond rearrangements in interfacial water. We rationalize the slow rearrangements by introducing the “trapping” free energies, characterizing how strongly individual hydration waters are captured by the biomolecular surface, whose magnitude is then traced back to the number of water–protein hydrogen bonds and the strong electrostatic field produced at the binding interface. We also discuss the impact of the slow interfacial waters on the binding thermodynamics. We find that, as expected from their slow dynamics, the conventional approach to the water-mediated interaction, which assumes rapid equilibration of the waters’ degrees of freedom, is inadequate. We show instead that an explicit treatment of the extremely slow interfacial waters is critical. Our results shed new light on the role of water in protein–protein interactions, highlighting the need to consider its dynamics to improve our understanding of biomolecular bindings.
Identification of a short sequence in the HCMV terminase pUL56 essential for interaction with pUL89 subunit
Authors: Ligat G. , Jacquet C. , Chou S. , Couvreux A. , Alain S. , Hantz S. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) terminase complex consists of several components acting together to cleave viral DNA into unit length genomes and translocate them into capsids, a critical process in the production of infectious virions subsequent to DNA replication. Previous studies suggest that the carboxyl-terminal portion of the pUL56 subunit interacts with the pUL89 subunit. However, the specific interacting residues of pUL56 remain unknown. We identified a conserved sequence in the C-terminal moiety of pUL56 (671WMVVKYMGFF680). Overrepresentation of conserved aromatic amino acids through 20 herpesviruses homologues of pUL56 suggests an involvement of this short peptide into the interaction between the larger pUL56 terminase subunit and the smaller pUL89 subunit. Use of Alpha technology highlighted an interaction between pUL56 and pUL89 driven through the peptide 671WMVVKYMGFF680. A deletion of these residues blocks viral replication. We hypothesize that it is the consequence of the disruption of the pUL56-pUL89 interaction. These results show that this motif is essential for HCMV replication and could be a target for development of new small antiviral drugs or peptidomimetics.
Fermi surface and effective masses in photoemission response of the (Ba1−x
K
x
)Fe2As2 superconductor
Authors: Derondeau Gerald , Bisti Federico , Kobayashi Masaki , Braun Jürgen , Ebert Hubert , Rogalev Victor A. , Shi Ming , Schmitt Thorsten , Ma Junzhang , Ding Hong , Strocov Vladimir N. , Minár Ján 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe angle-resolved photoemission spectra of the superconductor (Ba1−x
K
x
)Fe2As2 have been investigated accounting coherently for spin-orbit coupling, disorder and electron correlation effects in the valence bands combined with final state, matrix element and surface effects. Our results explain the previously obscured origins of all salient features of the ARPES response of this paradigm pnictide compound and reveal the origin of the Lifshitz transition. Comparison of calculated ARPES spectra with the underlying DMFT band structure shows an important impact of final state effects, which result for three-dimensional states in a deviation of the ARPES spectra from the true spectral function. In particular, the apparent effective mass enhancement seen in the ARPES response is not an entirely intrinsic property of the quasiparticle valence bands but may have a significant extrinsic contribution from the photoemission process and thus differ from its true value. Because this effect is more pronounced for low photoexcitation energies, soft-X-ray ARPES delivers more accurate values of the mass enhancement due to a sharp definition of the 3D electron momentum. To demonstrate this effect in addition to the theoretical study, we show here new state of the art soft-X-ray and polarisation dependent ARPES measurments.
Does Access to Visual Input Inhibit Auditory Development for Children With Cochlear Implants? A Review of the Evidence
Authors: McDaniel Jena , Camarata Stephen 
Published: August 2017

PurposeWe review the evidence for attenuating visual input during intervention to enhance auditory development and ultimately improve spoken language outcomes in children with cochlear implants.BackgroundIsolating the auditory sense is a long-standing tradition in many approaches for teaching children with hearing loss. However, the evidence base for this practice is surprisingly limited and not straightforward. We review four bodies of evidence that inform whether or not visual input inhibits auditory development in children with cochlear implants: (a) audiovisual benefits for speech perception and understanding for individuals with typical hearing, (b) audiovisual integration development in children with typical hearing, (c) sensory deprivation and neural plasticity, and (d) audiovisual processing in individuals with hearing loss.ConclusionsAlthough there is a compelling theoretical rationale for reducing visual input to enhance auditory development, there is also a strong theoretical argument supporting simultaneous multisensory auditory and visual input to potentially enhance outcomes in children with hearing loss. Despite widespread and long-standing practice recommendations to limit visual input, there is a paucity of evidence supporting this recommendation and no evidence that simultaneous multisensory input is deleterious to children with cochlear implants. These findings have important implications for optimizing spoken language outcomes in children with cochlear implants.
Propensity Score Adjusted Comparison of Minimally Invasive versus Open Thymectomy in the Management of Early Stage Thymoma
Authors: Fadayomi Ayotunde , Iniguez Carlos , Chowdhury Ritam , Coppolino Antonio , Jacobson Francine , Jaklitsch Michael , Mody Gita 
Published: August 2017

Background The benefits of minimally invasive versus open thymectomy for the management of thymoma are debatable. Further, patient factors contributing to the selection of operative technique are not well elucidated. We aim to identify the association between baseline patient characteristics with choice of surgical approach.
Methods Medical records of early stage thymoma (stages I and II) patients undergoing thymectomy between 2005 and 2015 at a single center were identified. Baseline characteristics and surgical outcomes such as prolonged length of stay (LOS ≥ 4 days), 90-day postoperative morbidity, completeness of resection, and recurrence or mortality free rates were compared by surgical approach.
Results Fifty-three patients underwent thymectomy (34 open [64.15%] vs. 19 minimally invasive [35.85%]). There were no statistical differences between the two surgical approaches in demographic variables, smoking status, lung function, comorbidity, tumor size, or staging. Open thymectomy had significantly prolonged LOS (≥4 days) compared with minimally invasive procedures (odds ratio: 11.65; p < 0.01). There were no significant differences in postoperative composite morbidity (p = 0.56), positive margin (p = 0.40), tumor within 0.1 cm of resection margin (p = 0.38), and survival probability estimates (log rank test; p = 0.48) between the two groups.
Conclusion Baseline patient characteristics were not associated with surgical approach selected for thymectomy. Minimally invasive thymectomy patients had shorter LOS but no significant differences in 90-day composite morbidity and recurrence or mortality. Larger multicenter studies are needed to evaluate factors contributing to patient selection for each approach, which may include surgeon preference.
The Global Initiative for Children's Surgery: Optimal Resources for Improving Care
Authors: Goodman Laura , St-Louis Etienne , Yousef Yasmine , Cheung Maija , Ure Benno , Ozgediz Doruk , Ameh Emmanuel , Bickler Stephen , Poenaru Dan , Oldham Keith , Farmer Diana , Lakhoo Kokila ,   GICS Collaborators
Published: August 2017

Background The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery reported that 5 billion people lack access to safe, affordable surgical care. The majority of these people live in low-resource settings, where up to 50% of the population is children. The Disease Control Priorities (Debas HTP, Donkor A, Gawande DT, Jamison ME, Kruk, and Mock CN, editors. Essential Surgery. Disease Control Priorities. Third Edition, vol 1. Essential Surgery. Washington, DC: World Bank; 2015) on surgery included guidelines for the improvement of access to surgical care; however, these lack detail for children's surgery.
Aim To produce guidance for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) on the resources required for children's surgery at each level of hospital care.
Methods The Global Initiative for Children's Surgery (GICS) held an inaugural meeting at the Royal College of Surgeons in London in May 2016, with 52 surgical providers from 21 countries, including 27 providers from 18 LMICs. Delegates engaged in working groups over 2 days to prioritize needs and solutions for optimizing children's surgical care; these were categorized into infrastructure, service delivery, training, and research. At a second GICS meeting in Washington in October 2016, 94 surgical care providers, half from LMICs, defined the optimal resources required at primary, secondary, tertiary, and national referral level through a series of working group engagements.
Results Consensus solutions for optimizing children's surgical care included the following:An “Optimal Resources” document was produced detailing the facilities and resources required at each level of care.
Conclusion The Optimal Resources document has been produced by surgical providers from LMICs who have the greatest insight into the needs and priorities in their population. The document will be refined further through online GICS Working Groups and the World Health Organization for broad application to ensure all children have timely access to safe surgical care.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection of colitis-related dysplasia
Authors: Suzuki Noriko , Toyonaga Takashi , East James 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) offers en bloc resection of lesions, allowing precise pathological assessment. Although possible in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, the chronic inflammation may increase the procedural risks and reduce the complete resection rate. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of ESD for UC and to consider the factors contributing to its technical difficulty.
Patients and methods Multicenter experiences of ESD for UC were retrospectively analyzed by reviewing endoscopic videos, pictures, reports, and clinical notes.
Results A total of 32 dysplastic lesions were included (23 in British patients, 9 in Japanese patients). The lesions were macroscopically flat or with subtle extension macroscopically in 30 patients (94 %), with a median size of 33 mm (range 12 – 73 mm), and were located in the distal colon, including one on a pouch anastomosis. Submucosal fibrosis and adipose deposition were observed in 31 (97 %) and 13 lesions (41 %), respectively. En bloc resection was possible in 29/32 lesions (91 %). One patient had delayed bleeding. Advanced pathology was observed in 11 lesions (35 %). Recurrence was observed in only one patient (after a median of 33 months [range 6 – 76 months]); however, three patients developed metachronous lesions.
Conclusions ESD is feasible for UC dysplasia without an increased rate of complications. Submucosal fibrosis and fat deposition were frequently observed and contributed to the technical complexity. Careful and intensive follow-up should be organized to detect metachronous lesions.
Didactic training vs. computer-based self-learning in the prediction of diminutive colon polyp histology by trainees: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Khan Taimur , Cinnor Birtukan , Gupta Neil , Hosford Lindsay , Bansal Ajay , Olyaee Mojtaba , Wani Sachin , Rastogi Amit 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Background and study aim Experts can accurately predict diminutive polyp histology, but the ideal method to train nonexperts is not known. The aim of the study was to compare accuracy in diminutive polyp histology characterization using narrow-band imaging (NBI) between participants undergoing classroom didactic training vs. computer-based self-learning.
Participants and methods Trainees at two institutions were randomized to classroom didactic training or computer-based self-learning. In didactic training, experienced endoscopists reviewed a presentation on NBI patterns for adenomatous and hyperplastic polyps and 40 NBI videos, along with interactive discussion. The self-learning group reviewed the same presentation of 40 teaching videos independently, without interactive discussion. A total of 40 testing videos of diminutive polyps under NBI were then evaluated by both groups. Performance characteristics were calculated by comparing predicted and actual histology. Fisher’s exact test was used and P < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results A total of 17 trainees participated (8 didactic training and 9 self-learning). A larger proportion of polyps were diagnosed with high confidence in the classroom group (66.5 % vs. 50.8 %; P < 0.01), although sensitivity (86.9 % vs. 95.0 %) and accuracy (85.7 % vs. 93.9 %) of high-confidence predictions were higher in the self-learning group. However, there was no difference in overall accuracy of histology characterization (83.4 % vs. 87.2 %; P = 0.19). Similar results were noted when comparing sensitivity and specificity between the groups.
Conclusion The self-learning group showed results on a par with or, for high-confidence predictions, even slightly superior to classroom didactic training for predicting diminutive polyp histology. This approach can help in widespread training and clinical implementation of real-time polyp histology characterization.
Psychoanalyse und Psychiatrie-Enquete: Zeitzeugengespräche und Akten
Authors: Söhner Felicitas Petra , Fangerau Heiner , Becker Thomas 
Published: August 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, die Rolle der Psychoanalyse in der Vorbereitung der Psychiatrie-Enquete und der Arbeit der
Enquetekommission in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland aus verschiedenen Perspektiven zu analysieren.
Methode Es wurden Experteninterviews inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet und durch Literaturrecherche und die Analyse von Archivalien
ergänzt.
Ergebnisse Zeitzeugengespräche, Literatur und Dokumente verweisen auf Einflüsse der Psychoanalyse als Fach auf die Erarbeitung der
Psychiatrie-Enquete. Akteure der Psychoanalyse waren im Vorfeld und in der Arbeit der Enquetekommission wirksam.
Schlussfolgerung Konzepte der Psychoanalyse wurden von Zeitzeugen als für die Vorbereitungszeit und die Arbeit an der
Psychiatrie-Enquete bedeutsam wahrgenommen. Inhaltliche Beiträge und Akteure wurden als Impulsgeber angesehen.
Effect of Optimum and Suboptimum Dietary Protein on Hemolymph Physiology, Oxidative Physiology, Plasma Fatty Acids, and Histoarchitectural Modulations in Farmed Giant Freshwater Prawns Macrobrachium rosenbergii
Authors: Sagar Vidya M , Sahu Narottam P , Pal Asim K , Jain Kamal K , Salim Heba , El-Haroun Ehab R , Kumar Vikas A 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We examined the effect of optimum (32%) and suboptimum (27%) levels of dietary protein on the hemolymph and oxidative physiology of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles. Wild juveniles of different stocks were collected from the west coast (Gujarat [G-stock] and Maharashtra [M-stock]) and east coast (Andhra Pradesh [A-stock]) of India. Prawns were raised in 200-m2 culture ponds, with individual animals tracked by using stock-specific, colored elastomer tags. Hemolymph glucose, plasma total protein, albumin-to-globulin (A:G) ratio, plasma calcium, and activity of five key metabolic enzymes in plasma (plasma cholinesterase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and amylase) were examined to compare the hemolymph physiology due to dietary protein variations fed to the different stocks. Plasma fatty acid profile was also monitored. Effect of feeding on oxidative physiology of prawns was analyzed by measuring the catalase and acetylcholinesterase activity in peripheral and brain tissues, respectively. Oxygen-dependent intrinsic defense ability was also measured by nitro blue tetrazolium-based respiratory burst activity. Physiology of prawns was correlated with the histological examinations of hepatopancreas and gills. Our results suggest that the hemolymph and oxidative physiology of giant freshwater prawns remained unaffected by the optimum and suboptimum dietary protein levels fed. Furthermore, stock-based differences in the response were evident: the G-stock and M-stock prawns exhibited healthier plasma and oxidative physiology than A-stock prawns. Our study provides a useful tool to select “good responder” stocks (genotypes) to obtain higher production levels in a given culture management scheme.