bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaturan Kewenangan, dan Tanggung Jawab Direksi Dalam Perseroan Terbatas (Studi Perbandingan Indonesia dan Australia)
Authors: Kusumawardani Shinta Ikayani 
Published: August 2017

Research on: The Rules Regarding The Powers and Responsibilities Of Directors In A Limited Liability Company (Comparative Study of Indonesia and Australia). As for the issues discussed in this study related to the application of the authority of the board of directors in the management of a limited liability company under the principle of fiduciary duty Australia comparison of Indonesia can not be separated from the authority granted will cause responsibility that must be borne by the company’s board of directors in managing and also the characteristics of the type of responsibility of Directors This study uses normative juridical approach. Juridical Approaches to run whether the provisions of law relating to kewenagan concrete and responsibilities of the Board of Directors in the management Company Limited Comparative Study of Indonesia and Australia, while Normative is the cover of the principles of law, comparative law, the elements and factors related to authority and responsibility of the Company's Board of Directors in the management of one heart-to-day. This study on Duties and Responsibilities of Directors is normative legal research that emphasizes the study of literature. The purpose of this research is to know the duties and responsibilities of the Board of Directors of Limited Liability Company under the law. Data analysis was performed using the comparative method of qualitative. From the results of this analysis are expected to obtain an accurate picture and understanding of the duties and responsibilities of the Board of Directors of Limited Liability Company. To this effect, a comparison of the authority and responsibilities of the Board of Directors in the management of the Company as the Company's assessment of body organ is the comparison between the authority of the Board of Directors in Indonesia and in Australia the comparative results indicate that the system of regulation in Indonesia and Australia are more inclined to use the model and not a model enabling mandatory because it is based by the condition of the structure of capital ownership. Fiduciary obligations, particularly on legislation in both Indonesia and Australia appear as incomplete law and need to be interpreted by the fiduciary. The main essence of this comparison as the basis for further transplants Indonesia that fiduciary obligations may fruitfully dalamn Handling Company Limited.
Analisis Rugi Daya Pada Penyulang Bangli Dengan Beroperasinya PLTS Kayubihi
Authors: Adiputra I GN Dion , Giriantari IAD , Ariastina Wayan G 
Published: August 2017

Analisis rugi daya pada Penyulang Bangli dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbanding an rugi daya pada jaringan distribusi setelah penempatan pembangkit tersebar jenis PLTS berkapasitas 1 MWp. Lokasi penempatan PLTS ditentukan berdasarkan analisis sensitivitas bus. Nilai sensitivitas bus(?)didapat dengan cara membandingkan nilai rugi daya pada sistem dengan total beban yang terhubung pada bus. Penelitian ini menggunakan simulasi aliran daya dengan metode aliran daya Newton-Raphson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bus TK 0041 memiliki sensitivitas terbesar dengan nilai ?= 0,178. Dari hasil simulasi aliran daya, penempatan PLTS 1MWp pada lokasi alternatif 1 menghasilkan rugi daya minimum pada Penyulang Bangli yaitu 103,1 kW atau 3,3% dari total suplai daya 3071 kW. Pemasangan PLTS dapat menurunkan rugi daya pada Penyulang Bangli sebesar 57 kW dari total rugi daya pada kondisi tanpa PLTS yaitu 160,1 kW. Bila dibandingkan dengan kondisi eksisting, penem patan PLTS pada lokasi alternatif 1 memiliki selisih rugi daya 7,3 kW lebih kecil dari total rugi daya yang dihasilkan kondisi eksisting sebesar 110,4kW. DOI: 10.24843/MITE.1501.01
PREDIKSI WAKTU KETAHANAN HIDUP DENGAN METODE PARTIAL LEAST SQUARE
Authors: KUSUMA PANDE PUTU BUDI , SRINADI I GUSTI AYU MADE 
Published: August 2017

Coronary heart disease is caused due to an accumulation of fat on the inside walls of blood vessels of the heart (coronary arteries). The factors that had led to the occurrence of coronary heart disease is dominated by unhealthy lifestyle of patients, and the survival times of different patients. This research objective is to predict the survival time of patients with coronary heart disease by taking into account the explanatory variables were analyzed by the method of Partial Least Square (PLS). PLS method is used to resolve the multiple regression analysis when the specific problems of multicollinearity and microarray data. The purpose of the PLS method is to predict the explanatory variables with multiple response variables so as to produce a more accurate predictive value. The results of this research showed that the prediction of survival for the three samples of patients with coronary heart disease had an average of 13 days, with a RMSEP value (error value) was 1.526 which means that the results of this study are not much different from the predicted results in the field of medicine. This is consistent with the fact that the medical field suggests that the average survival for patients with coronary heart disease by 13 days.
EDITORIAL
Authors: KOZUSNY-ANDREANI Dora Inês 
Published: August 2017

EDITORIAL

Profª. Drª. Dora Inés KOZUSNY-ANDREANI[1]

Quando recebi o convite para escrever o Editorial do primeiro volume da Revista Enfermagem FUNEC me senti lisonjeada, porem sabia que tinha uma grande responsabilidade ao discorrer sobre o tema proposto: "A importância da pesquisa na graduação".
Ao pensar em uma definição de pesquisa cientí­fica surgem inúmeras, mas acredito que a mais representativa é: "Busca permanente de conhecimento, aliada a desafios e perseverança". Nesta linha de pensamento verifica-se que é imprescindí­vel que o ensino superior esteja estreitamente ligado à pesquisa.
Atualmente, as instituições de ensino superior preocupadas com a formação profissional dos seus alunos, direcionam as suas atividades para a consolidação do tripé indissociável entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Neste alinhamento o aluno deixa de ser um simples depositário de conhecimentos, passando a formar parte de uma população preocupada pela busca e utilização do conhecimento, tornando-o um indiví­duo com senso crítico, capaz de discernir as informações as quais está exposto constantemente.
A inserção do aluno de graduação na pesquisa se dá pelo incentivo institucional à iniciação cientí­fica, a participação em eventos cientí­ficos, à discussão de artigos em sala de aula, entre outros. A participação precoce do jovem estudante em projetos de pesquisa, mesmo de aquele que não se dedique futuramente a vida acadêmica, permite o aprimoramento das qualidades intrí­nsecas que cada indiví­duo possui para a busca e possível solução de questões desconhecidas ou que necessitam ser resolvidas.
A iniciação cientí­fica é uma ferramenta de aprimoramento sem limite, pois induz ao estudante a formular hipóteses, a buscar informações, coletar dados e analisá-los, e finalmente chegar a uma conclusão que muitas vezes não é aquela esperada. Esta constante necessidade de novos conhecimentos define o perfil do profissional em formação. Por esta razão cabe a instituição de ensino incentivar a pesquisa e ao aluno de graduação abraçar a oportunidade, pois somente é possí­vel chegar a resultados fidedignos quando o trabalho é realizado por uma equipe formada por professores e alunos, com o apoio da instituição.
Com isto é possí­vel afirmar que não há possibilidade de dissociação entre o ensino e a pesquisa quando se objetiva a formação de um bom profissional.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[1]Universidade Brasil; Responsável pelo Programa de Iniciação Cientí­fica/Campus Fernandópolis
Vice-coordenadora e Professora Titular do mestrado em Ciências Ambientais, doraines@terra.com.br
Potensi Penerapan Self-Locking Wall pada Pemanfaatan Limbah Sludge Deinking Industri Kertas sebagai Batako Interlok
Authors: Imran Wattimena Reza Bastari , Surachman Aep , Aziz Wachyudin 
Published: August 2017

This research utilize the wastewater sludge into construction/building materials, i.e brick (brick concrete) as partition interlock system (self-locking wall). With the amount of deinking sludge ranged 3-4% of production capacity and moisture content reaches 60-80%, providing an opportunity for the beneficiaries in the availability of cheap raw materials. This experiment using composition variation of cement : sand : sludge to determine optimum composition based on the physical test for several parameters such as compressive strength and Factor of Safety (FOS). Solidwork 2009® software is used to determined the shape and dimension that suitable to be applied at knock-down house. This program is also used to analyze the strength of self-locking wall products with different forms of locking to improve the strength and meets the minimum quality level of “Mutu Bata Beton Pasangan Dinding” (SNI 03-0349-1989), that is 21 kg/cm2. It shows that interlock brick from deinked pulp and waste paper, compotition 1 : 8 with 50 & 70% sludge persentation give good result to be used as self-locking wall concept.Key words : sludge, interlock brick, knock-down house, self-locking wall ABSTRAKPenelitian ini memanfaatkan sludge industri kertas menjadi bahan bangunan batako (bata beton) sebagai partisi dengan pemasangan sistem interlock (self-locking wall). Jumlah sludge industri kertas berkisar 3–4 % kapasitas produksi dengan kadar air 60–80% memberikan peluang ketersediaan bahan baku yang murah. Percobaan menggunakan variasi komposisi semen : pasir : sludge untuk menentukan komposisi yang optimum atas dasar uji fisik beberapa parameter seperti kuat tekan dan Factor of Safety (FOS). Untuk merancang produk, dimanfaatkan perangkat lunak Solidworks® 2009, sehingga didapatkan bentuk dan dimensi yang sesuai untuk diterapkan pada rumah knock down. Dengan perangkat lunak ini dapat diperoleh bentuk pengunci yang dapat membantu meningkatkan kekuatan produk self locking wall yang memenuhi persyaratan Mutu Bata Beton Pasangan Dinding (SNI 03-0349-1989) kelas IV sebesar 21 kg/cm2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa batako interlok menggunakan campuran bahan baku deinked pulp dan kertas bekas, komposisi 1 : 8 dengan persentase serat sebanyak 50% & 70% memenuhi persyaratan untuk digunakan sebagai pengisi dinding/partisi sistem self-locking wall.Kata kunci : limbah padat, batako interlok, knock-down, self-locking wall
PENGARUH PEMUTIHAN OKSIGEN DUA TAHAP TERHADAP KUALITAS PULP <i>Acacia mangium</i>
Authors: , Paryono 
Published: August 2017

In this study, the unbleached pulp was made in the laboratory by cooking conditions: Active Alkali (AA) 18%, Sulfidity (S) 32%, ratio 1: 4, maximum temperature 165 oC, with cooking time of 2 + 1.5 hours. Pulp with kappa number of 20.01 and 52.30% yield was produced. Oxygen bleaching process was varied into a single stage bleaching process, a two-stage bleaching process with and without washing. The results showed that the two stages oxygen bleaching processes, without washing with variation of NaOH addition 100:0 and 80:20 gave the higher reduction of kappa number and the increasing of bleaching yield compare to one stage oxygen bleaching. The higher reduction of kappa number gave the higher of reduction of viscosity, but had no effect on fiber composition. Two oxygen stage bleaching without washing is recommended.Key words : oxygen bleaching, kappa number, viscosity, yield filtered ABSTRAKPada penelitian ini pulp belum putih dibuat di laboratorium dengan kondisi pemasakan : AA 18 %, S 32 %, rasio 1 : 4, temperatur maksimum 165 OC, dan waktu 2 + 1,5 jam. Dihasilkan pulp dengan bilangan kappa 20,01 dan rendemen tersaring 52,30 %. Proses pemutihan oksigen divariasi menjadi proses pemutihan satu tahap, proses pemutihan dua tahap dengan dan tanpa pencucian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemutihan oksigen dua tahap tanpa proses pencucian dengan variasi penambahan NaOH 100 : 0 dan 80 : 20 memberikan penurunan bilangan kappa yang lebih besar dan peningkatan rendemen pemutihan dibanding dengan pemutihan oksigen satu tahap. Penurunan viskositas sebanding dengan penurunan bilangan kappa, dimana semakin besar penurunan bilangan kappa juga mengakibatkan penurunan viskositas yang semakin besar tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap komposisi serat. Pemutihan oksigen dua tahap tanpa proses pencucian sangat disarankan. Kata kunci : pemutihan oksigen, bilangan kappa, viskositas, rendemen tersaring
LUMPUR PRIMER IPAL INDUSTRI KERTAS SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU ALTERNATIF BIOETANOL
Authors: , Saepulloh , Soetopo Rina S. , Asthary Prima Besty 
Published: August 2017

Primary sludge from paper mill waste water treatment plant (WWTP) is a potential raw material for ethanol production because of its high organic content especially cellulose. This study consisted of two main stage: cellulose hydrolisis and glucose fermentation. Primary sludge was hydrolyzed using cellulase with concentration of 10, 20, and 25 FPU/g cellulose under conditions of pH 5.5 and temperature 50oC for 24, 48, 72, and 98 hours. Glucose obtained from hydrolis was fermented in optimum condition (pH 4.5 and temperature 28oC) using 10% of Saccharomyces cerevisiae inoculum for 24, 48, 72, and 98 hours. The results showed that the optimum hydrolysis was achieved using cellulase 25 FPU within 72 hours with glucose content obtained was 1.92% and saccharification degree was 61.05%. Ethanol produced from glucose fermentation was about 0.77% and fermentation degree was 78.5%. Overall conversion yield was 46.61% and ethanol yield was 192.5 g/kg dry weight.Keywords: papermill primary sludge,cellulose, cellulase, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, bioethanol ABSTRAKLumpur primer dari IPAL industri kertas mempunyai potensi sebagai bahan baku untuk produksi bioetanol, karena kandungan organiknya yang tinggi terutama selulosa. Lumpur primer IPAL diperoleh dari industri kertas berbahan baku virgin pulp. Secara garis besar percobaan dilakukan dengan sistem dua tahap yaitu proses hidrolisis selulosa dan dilanjut proses fermentasi glukosa. Percobaan proses hidrolisis selulosa dilakukan pada pH 5,5 dan suhu 50oC dengan 2 faktor perlakuan yaitu dosis selulase (10, 20, dan 25 FPU/g selulosa) dan lama proses hidrolisis (24, 48, 72, dan 96 jam), sedangkan percobaan proses fermentasi dilakukan terhadap glukosa hasil proses hidrolis pada kondisi optimumnya. Proses fermentasi dilakukan pada pH 4,5 dan suhu 28oC menggunakan ragi Saccharomyces cerevisiae sebanyak 10% dengan perlakuan lama inkubasi (24; 48; 72; 96 jam). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum proses hidrolisis diperoleh pada dosis selulase 25 FPU/g selulosa selama 72 jam, dengan kadar glukosa 1,92% dan derajat sakarifikasi 61,05%. Kadar etanol yang diperoleh dari proses fermentasi glukosa hasil hidrolisis adalah 0,77% dengan efisiensi fermentasi 78,5%. Secara keseluruhan efisiensi konversi selulosa pada lumpur primer IPAL industri kertas menjadi etanol adalah 46,61% dengan yield sebesar 192 g/kg berat kering.Kata kunci: lumpur primer industri kertas, selulosa, selulase, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, bioetanol
MODIFIKASI PERMUKAAN SERAT LBKP DAN HASIL <i>DEINKING</i> DENGAN KARBOKSIMETIL SELULOSA
Authors: Wirawan Sonny Kurnia , Elyani Nina , Rismijana Jenni 
Published: August 2017

The strength properties of paper are strongly affected by fiber quality. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of modification fiber by carboxymethylation of leaf bleached kraft pulp (LBKP) and deinked pulp (DIP) by using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Carboxymethylation was carried out by addition of various concentration of CMC and cationic agent of CaCl2. Handsheets with 70 gsm were made from the stock, and the physical properties were tested as the tensile index, stretch, tensile energy absorption (TEA), tearing index, and bursting index as well as SEM analysis. The results showed that the highest increase of fiber strength of LBKP and DIP was achieved by addition of 1% CMC and 9.19% CaCl2. For LBKP, the increasing of tensile index was 18.1%, stretch 27%, TEA 30.2%, tear index 7,8 % and burst index 16,7%. Whereas for DIP, the increasing of tensile index reached 29.9%, stretch 22.2%, TEA 61.2%, tear index 20.7% and burst index 63.1%. From the results of SEM analysis showed that the addition of CMC and CaCl2 increased fiber bonding.Keywords: CMC, LBKP, DIP ABSTRAK Sifat kekuatan kertas sangat dipengaruhi oleh kualitas serat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh modifikasi serat kraft putih kayu daun (LBKP) dan serat hasil deinking (DIP) dengan karboksimetilasi menggunakan karboksimetil selulosa (CMC). Modifikasi secara karboksimetilasi dilakukan dengan variasi penambahan CMC dan sebagai cationic agent CaCl2. Lembaran dibuat dari stok dengan gramatur 70 gsm, kemudian dilakukan pengujian fisik dengan parameter indeks tarik, regang, TEA, indeks sobek dan indeks retak. Selain itu lembaran juga diuji morfologi dan SEM. Hasil penelitian menunjukan peningkatan kekuatan lembaran tertinggi dicapai oleh LBKP maupun DIP, pada kondisi penambahan 1% CMC and 9.19% CaCl2. Untuk LBKP peningkatan indeks tarik adalah 18,1%, regang 27%, TEA 30,2%, indeks sobek 7,8 % dan indeks retak 16,7%. Sedangkan untuk DIP, peningkatan indeks tarik mencapai 29,9%, regang 22,2%, TEA 61,2%, indeks sobek 20,7% dan indeks retak 63,1%. Hasil analisa SEM menunjukan bahwa dengan penambahan CMC dan CaCl2, mengakibatkan terjadi peningkatan ikatan antar serat.Kata kunci: CMC, LBKP, DIP
PENINGKATAN MUTU SERAT DAUR ULANG KOTAK KARTON GELOMBANG BEKAS MENGGUNAKAN CMC
Authors: Wirawan Sonny Kurnia , Elyani Nina , Rostika Ike 
Published: August 2017

The use of recycled fibers derived from old corrugated cardboard (OCC) potential for enhanced strength properties through the addition of carboxy methylcellulose (CMC). Research carried out on local OCC with variation of time reaction, temperture, and the dosage of of CMC and CaCl2. Handsheet laboratory was made, and then analyzed the strength properties include tensile index, tensile energy absorption (TEA) index , bursting index and folding endurance, as well as coarseness and kink. The results show the optimum condition is achieved on the conditions of the reaction time of 20 minutes, the reaction suhue 25°C, the concentration of CMC 0,75% and concentration CaCl2 0,5% . Strength properties improvement was achieved at 3,07% tensile index, folding endurance 43,75% and bursting strength 36,81% .Keywords: CMC, OCC, strength properties ABSTRAKSifat kekuatan serat daur ulang yang berasal dari kotak karton gelombang (KKG) bekas berpotensi untuk ditingkatkan melalui penambahan karboksi metil selulosa (CMC). Penelitian dilakukan terhadap KKG bekas lokal dengan variasi waktu, suhu, dan dosis penambahan CMC dan CaCl2. Lembaran kertas dibuat secara laboratorium , kemudian dianalisis sifat kekuatan meliputi indek tarik, indek tensile energy absorption (TEA), indek retak, dan ketahanan lipat, serta analisis coarseness dan kink. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kondisi optimum dicapai pada waktu reaksi 20 menit, suhu reaksi 25°C, konsentrasi CMC 0,75% dan konsentrasi CaCl2 0,5%. Peningkatan kekuatan yang dihasilkan adalah indeks tarik 3,07%, ketahanan lipat 43,75% dan indeks retak 36,81%.Kata kunci: CMC, KKG bekas, sifat kekuatan
Serendipitous Discovery of RR Lyrae Stars in the Leo V Ultra-faint Galaxy
Authors: Medina Gustavo E. , Muñoz Ricardo R. , Vivas A. Katherina , Förster Francisco , Carlin Jeffrey L. , Martinez Jorge , Galbany Lluis , González-Gaitán Santiago , Hamuy Mario , Jaeger Thomas de , Maureira Juan Carlos , Martín Jaime San 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
During the analysis of RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) discovered in the High Cadence Transient Survey (HiTS) taken with the Dark Energy Camera at the 4 m telescope at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, we found a group of three very distant, fundamental mode pulsator RR Lyrae (type ab). The location of these stars agrees with them belonging to the Leo V ultra-faint satellite galaxy, for which no variable stars have been reported to date. The heliocentric distance derived for Leo V based on these stars is 173 ± 5 kpc. The pulsational properties (amplitudes and periods) of these stars locate them within the locus of the Oosterhoff II group, similar to most other ultra-faint galaxies with known RRLs. This serendipitous discovery shows that distant RRLs may be used to search for unknown faint stellar systems in the outskirts of the Milky Way.
The Superluminous Supernova SN 2017egm in the Nearby Galaxy NGC 3191: A Metal-rich Environment Can Support a Typical SLSN Evolution
Authors: Nicholl Matt , Berger Edo , Margutti Raffaella , Blanchard Peter K. , Guillochon James , Leja Joel , Chornock Ryan 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
At redshift z = 0.03, the recently discovered SN 2017egm is the nearest Type I superluminous supernova (SLSN) to date and first near the center of a massive spiral galaxy (NGC 3191). Using SDSS spectra of NGC 3191, we find a metallicity ∼2

at the nucleus and ∼1.3

for a star-forming region at a radial offset similar to SN 2017egm. Archival radio-to-UV photometry reveals a star formation rate of ∼15

yr−1 (with ∼70% dust obscured), which can account for a Swift X-ray detection and a stellar mass of

. We model the early UV–optical light curves with a magnetar central-engine model, using the Bayesian light curve fitting tool MOSFiT. The fits indicate an ejecta mass of 2–4

, a spin period of 4–6 ms, a magnetic field of

G, and a kinetic energy of

erg. These parameters are consistent with the overall distributions for SLSNe, modeled by Nicholl et al., although the derived mass and spin are toward the low end, possibly indicating an enhanced loss of mass and angular momentum before explosion. This has two implications: (i) SLSNe can occur at solar metallicity, although with a low fraction of ∼10%, and (ii) metallicity has at most a modest effect on their properties. Both conclusions are in line with results for long gamma-ray bursts. Assuming a monotonic rise gives an explosion date of MJD 57889 ± 1. However, a short-lived excess in the data relative to the best-fitting models may indicate an early-time “bump.” If confirmed, SN 2017egm would be the first SLSN with a spectrum during the bump phase; this shows the same O ii lines seen at maximum light, which may be an important clue for explaining these bumps.
Acute Passive Static Stretching and Cramp Threshold Frequency
Authors: Panza Gino , Stadler Justin , Murray Donal , Lerma Nicholas , Barrett Tomas , Pettit-Mee Ryan , Edwards Jeffrey E. 
Published: August 2017

Context:
Exercise-associated muscle cramps are a common clinical problem for athletes.

Objective:
To determine whether acute passive static stretching altered cramp threshold frequency (CTF) of electrically induced muscle cramps.

Design:
Crossover study.

Setting:
Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:
Seventeen healthy college-aged individuals.

Intervention(s):
Stretching or no stretching.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
The independent variable was the static stretch versus the no-stretch condition, and the dependent variable was the CTF.

Results:
The CTF increased in both the control (pretest: 18.12 ± 6.46 Hz, posttest: 19.65 ± 7.25 Hz; P = .033) and stretching (pretest: 18.94 ± 5.96 Hz, posttest: 20.47 ± 7.12 Hz; P = .049) groups. No difference between the groups was found (t15 = 0.035, P = .97).

Conclusions:
Acute passive static stretching did not seem to increase the CTF.