bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Duloxetine and Subacute Pain after Knee Arthroplasty when Added to a Multimodal Analgesic Regimen
Authors: YaDeau Jacques T. , Brummett Chad M. , Mayman David J. , Lin Yi , Goytizolo Enrique A. , Padgett Douglas E. , Alexiades Michael M. , Kahn Richard L. , Jules-Elysee Kethy M. , Fields Kara G. , Goon Amanda K. , Gadulov Yuliya , Westrich Geoffrey 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Background
Duloxetine is effective for chronic musculoskeletal and neuropathic pain, but there are insufficient data to recommend the use of antidepressants for postoperative pain. The authors hypothesized that administration of duloxetine for 15 days would reduce pain with ambulation at 2 weeks after total knee arthroplasty.

Methods
In this triple-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, patients received either duloxetine or placebo for 15 days, starting from the day of surgery. Patients also received a comprehensive multimodal analgesic regimen including neuraxial anesthesia, epidural analgesia, an adductor canal block, meloxicam, and oxycodone/acetaminophen as needed. The primary outcome was the pain score (0 to 10 numeric rating scale) with ambulation on postoperative day 14.

Results
One hundred six patients were randomized and analyzed. On day 14, duloxetine had no effect on pain with ambulation; mean pain was 3.8 (SD, 2.3) for placebo versus 3.5 (SD, 2.1) for duloxetine (difference in means [95% CI], 0.4 [−0.5 to 1.2]; P = 0.386). Symptoms potentially attributable to duloxetine discontinuation at study drug completion (nausea, anxiety) occurred among nine patients (duloxetine) and five patients (placebo); this was not statistically significant (P = 0.247). Statistically significant secondary outcomes included opioid consumption (difference in mean milligram oral morphine equivalents [95% CI], 8.7 [3.3 to 14.1], P = 0.002 by generalized estimating equation) over the postoperative period and nausea on day 1 (P = 0.040). There was no difference in other side effects or in anxiety and depression scores.

Conclusions
When included as a part of a multimodal analgesic regimen for knee arthroplasty, duloxetine does not reduce subacute pain with ambulation.
Novel Approach of Treatment of Pilonidal Sinus Disease With Thrombin Gelatin Matrix as a Sealant
Authors: Elbanna Hosam G. , Emile Sameh Hany , Youssef Mohamed , Thabet Waleed , El-Hamed Tito M. Abd , Ghnnam Wagih M. 
Published: July 2016

BACKGROUND:
Sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease is a condition caused by insertion of fallen hair shafts into the skin. Different types of operations have been described for the management of pilonidal sinus, yet none of them have proven to be superior to the others. Recently, sealants like fibrin glue have been successfully used.

OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to assess the efficacy of thrombin gelatin matrix as a new sealant for pilonidal sinus treatment.

DESIGN:
This was a prospective study conducted from March 2013 to March 2015.

SETTINGS:
The study was conducted in private hospitals in Mansoura City.

PATIENTS:
The study included 36 male patients (72%) and 14 female patients (28%), with a median age of 22 years.

INTERVENTIONS:
Fifty patients with pilonidal sinus were admitted and treated with thrombin gelatin matrix injection.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Incidence and time of pilonidal sinus recurrence, postoperative pain and complications, duration of hospital stay, healing status, and time to return to work were recorded.

RESULTS:
The median duration of symptoms was 13 months, median operative time was 18 minutes, and median hospital stay was 6 hours. All of the procedures were conducted as day-case surgeries. Median follow-up duration was 24 months. Three patients (6%) had a breakdown of the sealant, and the wound was managed with daily dressings. Recurrence at 1 year was observed in 2 patients (4%). A total of 96% of patients were satisfied with the outcome of the procedure, and 92% of patients resumed their daily activities within 3 days.

LIMITATIONS:
Follow-up for a longer duration is required to ascertain the efficacy of this new technique. The cost of this treatment might be challenging for resource-limited communities.

CONCLUSIONS:
Management of pilonidal sinus using thrombin gelatin matrix, despite being expensive, is an effective, simple treatment that is easy to perform and associated with low recurrence rate, minimal morbidity, and rapid recovery.
Juvenile Polyps in Denmark From 1995 to 2014
Authors: Jelsig Anne Marie , Ousager Lilian Bomme , Brusgaard Klaus , Qvist Niels 
Published: July 2016

BACKGROUND:
Juvenile polyps in the large bowel are rare but the most common type of polyp in children. The prevalence and incidence are unknown, and few studies exist on the occurrence in adults. They are considered not to harbor any malignant potential unless they are part of the hereditary juvenile polyposis syndrome.

OBJECTIVE:
We aimed to study the demographics of juvenile polyps in Denmark in a 20-year period from 1995 to 2015 in both adults and children. This is the first report on the occurrence, anatomic localization, and reoccurrence of these polyps in a whole population.

DESIGN:
Data from all of the patients who had been diagnosed with 1 or more juvenile polyp from January 1, 1995, until December 31, 2014, were obtained.

SETTINGS:
The study was conducted based on patients registered in the nationwide pathological register in Denmark, the Danish Pathology Data Bank.

PATIENTS:
We detected a total of 1772 patients who had 2108 juvenile polyps removed (male = 946; female = 826).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
We noted the sex, age, number, reoccurrence, and localization of polyps.

RESULTS:
Of the detected juvenile polyps ≈75% were detected in adults and ≈25% in children. Approximately 96% of the patients had a single juvenile polyp without reoccurrence, 1% fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for juvenile polyposis syndrome (more than 5 polyps), and 5% had multiple juvenile polyps (2–5 polyps). The incidence in the Danish population can be estimated to be between 1:45,000 and 1:65,000.

LIMITATIONS:
Miscoding or misclassification in the register cannot be ruled out. We only have data for the 20-year period, limiting the evaluation of reoccurrence, and no data for the endoscopic removal procedures.

CONCLUSIONS:
We conclude that juvenile polyps are rare, with the majority found in adults, and most often found as a single juvenile polyp. A subgroup of patients have juvenile polyposis syndrome, which requires follow-up.
A Nomogram to Predict Lymph Node Positivity Following Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Authors: Newton Andrew D. , Li Jiaqi , Jeganathan Arjun N. , Mahmoud Najjia N. , Epstein Andrew J. , Paulson E. Carter 
Published: July 2016

BACKGROUND:Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer typically receive neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by total mesorectal excision. Other treatment approaches, including transanal techniques and close surveillance, are becoming increasingly common following positive responses to chemoradiation. Lack of pathologic lymph node staging is one major disadvantage of these novel strategies.OBJECTIVE:The purposes of this study were to determine clinicopathologic factors associated with positive lymph nodes following neoadjuvant chemoradiation for rectal cancer and to create a nomogram using these factors to predict rates of lymph node positivity.DESIGN:This is a retrospective cohort analysis.SETTINGS:This study used the National Cancer Database.PATIENTS:Patients aged 18 to 90 with clinical stage T3/T4, N0, M0 or Tany, N1-2, M0 adenocarcinoma of the rectum who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation before total mesorectal excision from 2010 to 2012 were identified.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The primary outcome measure was lymph node positivity after neoadjuvant chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the associations of clinicopathologic variables with lymph node positivity.RESULTS:Eight thousand nine hundred eighty-four patients were included. Young age, lower Charlson score, mucinous histology, poorly differentiated and undifferentiated tumors, the presence of lymphovascular invasion, elevated CEA level, and clinical lymph node positivity were significantly predictive of pathologic lymph node positivity following neoadjuvant chemoradiation. The predictive accuracy of the nomogram is 70.9%, with a c index of 0.71. There was minimal deviation between the predicted and observed outcomes.LIMITATIONS:This study is retrospective, and it cannot be determined when in the course of treatment the data were collected.CONCLUSIONS:We created a nomogram to predict lymph node positivity following neoadjuvant chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer that can serve as a valuable complement to imaging to aid clinicians and patients in determining the best treatment strategy.
The diagnostic accuracy of faecal calprotectin and small bowel capsule endoscopy and their correlation in suspected isolated small bowel Crohn’s disease
Authors: Hale Melissa F. , Drew Kaye , McAlindon Mark E. , Sidhu Reena 
Published: July 2016

Introduction
Faecal calprotectin (FC) is less accurate at identifying inflammation in the small bowel than in the colon. Small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) is a useful tool to detect small bowel inflammation. We investigated the diagnostic accuracy of FC and SBCE and their correlation in patients with suspected isolated small bowel Crohn’s disease.

Patients and methods
This was performed as a prospective single centre study including patients attending for SBCE with suspected small bowel Crohn’s disease. Patient demographics, symptoms, medications and blood parameters were collected. Capsule endoscopy findings were analysed against calprotectin values, final diagnosis and blood parameters.

Results
A total of 146 patients were included (99 females and 47 males) with a mean age of 38±14 years. FC of more than 50 mg/kg was not significantly associated with clinically relevant capsule endoscopy findings (P=0.25), correlation coefficient was 0.11. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for FC at a cut-off of more than 50 mg/kg were 88.9% [95% confidence interval (CI): 65.3–98.6], 25.0% (95% CI: 17.8–33.4), 14.3 (95% CI: 8.4–22.2) and 94.1% (95% CI: 80.3–99.3), respectively. A raised FC was not significantly associated with an elevated C-reactive protein or the presence of anaemia (P=0.19 and 0.10, respectively).

Conclusion
FC performs modestly as a screening test to exclude small bowel inflammation. However, we recommend interpretation within the overall clinical context to avoid overlooking the infrequent patient with small bowel inflammation and a negative FC.
Single-Use Detergent Sacs
Authors: Rosenfield Daniel , Eltorki Mohamed , VandenBerg Stephanie , Allain Dominic , Freedman Stephen B. , Beno Suzanne 
Published: July 2016

Background
Single-use detergent sacs (SUDS) are widely used in North America and Europe with emerging literature on their toxicity. This is the first Canadian multicenter study aimed to quantify and compare SUDS exposures to traditional detergent exposures.

Methods
A retrospective review of the Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program databases was conducted at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Alberta Children's Hospital in Calgary and the Stollery Children's Hospital in Edmonton. All exposures presenting to these 3 centers between 2009 and 2014 were identified, a case form was completed, and data were analyzed.

Results
Forty cases of SUDS exposure were identified alongside 35 cases of traditional detergent exposure during the study period resulting in an incidence of 3.16 SUDS exposures per million children per year presenting to tertiary pediatric emergency departments (EDs). In contrast, traditional detergent exposures had an incidence of 2.78 exposures per million children per year presenting to tertiary pediatric EDs over the study period. Although there was no change in incidence of exposure to traditional detergent over the study period, there was an increase in the incidence of SUDS exposures from 2010 to 2013, with a decrease seen in 2014. There was no significant difference seen in age, sex, location of exposure, transportation to hospital, morbidity, or mortality associated with SUDS exposures compared with traditional detergent exposure. Although not statistically more likely to cause long-term complications, SUDS-exposed children required more follow-up visits to health care providers than traditional detergents.

Conclusions
This multicenter study is the first to establish the incidence of SUDS and traditional detergent exposure in 3 Canadian cities. Overall, the frequency of exposure to detergents—both traditional and SUDS—is very low. Given the increase in SUDS exposure seen from 2011 to 2013, alongside larger sales of SUDS, continued efforts are required to monitor exposures, and reduce potential exposures to SUDS and traditional detergents in the future.
Coaching From the Sidelines
Authors: Ahmed Rami A. , Atkinson Steven Scott , Gable Brad , Yee Jennifer , Gardner Aimee K. 
Published: July 2016

Introduction
Although simulation facilities are available at most teaching institutions, the number of qualified instructors and/or content experts that facilitate postsimulation debriefing is inadequate at many institutions. There remains a paucity of evidence-based data regarding several aspects of debriefing, including debriefing with a facilitator present versus teledebriefing, in which participants undergo debriefing with a facilitator providing instruction and direction from an off-site location while they observe the simulation in real-time. We conducted this study to identify the effectiveness and feasibility of teledebriefing as an alternative form of instruction.

Methods
This study was conducted with emergency medicine residents randomized into either a teledebriefing or on-site debriefing group during 11 simulation training sessions implemented for a 9-month period. The primary outcome of interest was resident perception of debriefing effectiveness, as measured by the Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare-Student Version (See Appendix, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/SIH/A282) completed at the end of every simulation session.

Results
A total of 44 debriefings occurred during the study period with a total number of 246 Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare-Student Version completed. The data revealed a statistically significant difference between the effectiveness of on-site debriefing [6.64 (0.45)] and teledebriefing [6.08 (0.57), P < 0.001]. Residents regularly evaluated both traditional debriefing and teledebriefing as “consistently effective/very good.”

Conclusions
Teledebriefing was found to be rated lower than in-person debriefing but was still consistently effective. Further research is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of teledebriefing in comparison with other alternatives. Teledebriefing potentially provides an alternative form of instruction within simulation environments for programs lacking access to expert faculty.
Pelvic abscess due to Mycoplasma hominis following caesarean section
Authors: Mori Nobuaki , Takigawa Aya , Kagawa Narito , Kenri Tsuyoshi , Yoshida Shinji , Shibayama Keigo , Aoki Yasuko 
Published: July 2016

Introduction:

Mycoplasma hominis is associated with genito-urinary tract infection and adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, whether the species is a true pathogen or part of the genito-urinary tracts natural flora remains unclear.

Case presentation:
A 41-year-old pregnant woman was admitted to our hospital at 38 weeks and 5 days of gestation owing to premature rupture of the membranes. The patient delivered by caesarean section. Subsequently, the patient complained of lower abdominal pain and had persistent fever. Enhanced computed tomography revealed pelvic abscesses. Gram staining of pus from the abscess and vaginal secretions indicated presence of polymorphonuclear leucocytes but no pathogens. Cultures on blood agar showed growth of pinpoint-sized colonies in an anaerobic environment within 48 h. Although administration of carbapenem and metronidazole was ineffective and we could not fully drain the abscess, administration of clindamycin led to clinical improvement. The isolates 16S rRNA gene and yidC gene sequences exhibited identity with those of M. hominis.

Conclusion:
Physicians should consider M. hominis in cases of pelvic abscesses where Gram staining yields negative results, small colonies are isolated from the abscess and treatment with β-lactam antibiotics is ineffective.
cy3sabiork: A Cytoscape app for visualizing kinetic data from SABIO-RK
Authors: König Matthias 
Published: July 2016

AbstractKinetic data of biochemical reactions are essential for the creation of kinetic models of biochemical networks. One of the main resources of such information is SABIO-RK, a curated database for kinetic data of biochemical reactions and their related information. Despite the importance for computational modelling there has been no simple solution to visualize the kinetic data from SABIO-RK.In this work, I present cy3sabiork, an app for querying and visualization of kinetic data from SABIO-RK in Cytoscape. The kinetic information is accessible via a combination of graph structure and annotations of nodes, with provided information consisting of: (I) reaction details, enzyme and organism; (II) kinetic law, formula, parameters; (III) experimental conditions; (IV) publication; (V) additional annotations. cy3sabiork creates an intuitive visualization of kinetic entries in form of a species-reaction-kinetics graph, which reflects the reaction-centered approach of SABIO-RK. Kinetic entries can be imported in SBML format from either the SABIO-RK web interface or via web service queries. The app allows for easy comparison of kinetic data, visual inspection of the elements involved in the kinetic record and simple access to the annotation information of the kinetic record.I applied cy3sabiork in the computational modelling of galactose metabolism in the Human liver.
SVAPLSseq: A Method to correct for hidden sources of variability in differential gene expression studies based on RNAseq data
Authors: Chakraborty Sutirtha 
Published: July 2016

AbstractRNAseq technology has revolutionized the face of gene expression profiling by generating read count data measuring the transcript abundances for each queried gene. But on the other side, the underlying technical artefacts generate a wide variety of hidden effects that may potentially distort the primary signals of differential expression between two sample groups. This is in addition to the factors of unwanted biological variability may give rise to a highly complicated pattern of residual expression heterogeneity in the data. Standard normalization techniques fail to correct for these latent variables and leads to a substantial reduction in the power of common statistical tests for differential expression. Here I introduce a novel method SVAPLSseq that aims to capture the traces of hidden variability in the data and incorporate them in a regression framework to re-estimate the primary signals for finding the truly positive genes. Application on both simulated and real-life RNAseq data shows the superior performance of the method compared to other available techniques. The method is provided as an R package ‘SVAPLSseq’ that has been submitted to Bioconductor.
The velocity-curvature power law inDrosophilalarval locomotion
Authors: Zago Myrka , Lacquaniti Francesco , Gomez-Marin Alex 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe report the discovery that the locomotor trajectories generated by crawling fruit fly larvae follow the same power law relationship between speed and curvature previously found in the human motor control of hand-drawing, walking, eye movements and speech. Using high resolution behavioral tracking of individual flies in different sensory environments, we tested the power law by making maggots trace different trajectory types in naturalistic conditions, from reaching-like movements to scribbles. In all these conditions, we found that the law holds, and also that the exponent of the larval scaling law approaches 3/4, rather than the usual 2/3 exponent found in almost all human situations. This is consistent with recent findings on humans drawing ellipses on water, where dynamic effects related to medium viscosity have been shown to increase the exponent that would emerge from purely kinematic-geometric constraints. To our knowledge, the speed-curvature power law has only been studied in human and non-human primates, our work then being the first demonstration of the speed-curvature scaling principle in other species. As there are still different competing hypotheses for the origin of such law in humans (one invoking complex cortical computations in primates; another postulating its emergence from the coupling of viscoelastic muscle properties with simple central pattern generation) our findings in the larva demonstrate that the law is possible in an animal with a nervous system orders of magnitude simpler than that of humans, thus supporting the latter view. Given that our discovery is inDrosophila(amenable to precise genetic manipulations, electron microscopy reconstruction of neural circuits, imaging in behaving animals, electrophysiology, and other techniques) this opens great potential for uncovering the mechanistic implementation of the velocity-curvature power law. Such scaling laws might exist because natural selection favors processes that remain behaviorally efficient across a wide range of contexts in distantly related species. Our work is an effort to search for shared principles of animal behavior across phyla.
Periodic Non-Sinusoidal Activity Can Produce Cross-Frequency Coupling in Cortical Signals in the Absence of Functional Interaction Between Neural Sources
Authors: Gerber Edden M. , Sadeh Boaz , Ward Andrew , Knight Robert T. , Deouell Leon Y. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe analysis of cross-frequency coupling (CFC) has become popular in studies involving intracranial and scalp EEG recordings in humans. It has been argued that some cases where CFC is mathematically present may not reflect an interaction of two distinct yet functionally coupled neural sources with different frequencies. Here we provide two empirical examples from intracranial recordings where CFC can be shown to be driven by the shape of a periodic waveform rather than by a functional interaction between distinct sources. Using simulations, we also present a generalized and realistic scenario where such coupling may arise. This scenario, which we term waveform-dependent CFC, arises when sharp waveforms (e.g., cortical potentials) occur in a periodic manner throughout parts of the data. Since the waveforms are repeated periodically, they constitute a slow wave that is inherently phase-aligned with the high-frequency component carried by the same waveforms. We submit that such behavior of the data, which seems to be present in various cortical signals, cannot be interpreted as reflecting functional modulation between distinct neural sources without additional evidence. In addition, we show that even low amplitude periodic potentials that cannot be readily observed or controlled for, are sufficient for significant CFC to occur.