bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamical interactions in a double porosity model with diffusion and microtemperatures
Authors: Boora Kirti , Kumar Sunil , Poonia Ravinder , Deswal Sunita 
Published: October 2024

This manuscript investigates the disruptions occurring in a two-dimensional homogeneous, isotropic, thermoelastic medium with diffusion, double porosity and microtemperatures under Lord and Shulman (LS) theory of generalized thermoelasticity. A mechanical load is applied at the outer free surface of the solid half-space. To procure the exact expressions for various field variables, normal mode analysis is utilized. Numerical computations are performed for a particular material and the acquired results are visualized through graphical representations with the aid of MATLAB software. Comparisons are carried out to elucidate the influences of diffusion parameter, time, double porosity and intensity of load on the resulting quantities. 2010 MSC: 74A15, 80A20.
Multi-market trading and overnight price discovery: Evidence from American Depository Receipts
Authors: Hoang Lai , Vo Duc Hong 
Published: October 2024

This article compares the overnight price discovery of American Depository Receipts (ADRs) and common stocks traded in the US stock market. It examines how trading activities of ADRs’ underlying shares in home markets affect price discovery. We find that the efficiency of the opening price and the price discovery during the close-to-open period is significantly higher than that of US common stocks. Further analyses show that the price discovery of ADRs shifts from the trading day to the overnight, and the opening prices of ADRs are more efficient if there are more trading activities of underlying shares in home markets. The results suggest that trading similar assets in multiple markets over non-overlapping hours improves price efficiency. JEL Classification: G12, G14, G15
EU-induced financialisation and its impact on the Greek wage share, 1999–2021
Authors: Gouzoulis Giorgos , Iliopoulos Panagiotis (Takis) , Galanis Giorgos 
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the determinants of the income share of wage earners in the non-financial, private sectors of Greece since its introduction to the Eurozone in 1999. The main outcome of the integration of Greece into the Eurozone has been the financialisation of its economy, which has been particularly influential for households since it led to the rapid rise of household indebtedness. Building on recent research which shows that financialisation shape wage bargaining outcomes, we use quarterly data from the Eurostat and demonstrate that the relative size of the FIRE sectors and the increase in household debt have been negative drivers of the wage share in Greece over the last 22 years. Our findings also suggest that the employment-tied social benefits system and tertiary education provision have also been important determinants of workers’ income share.
Sleep Disorders Among Patients with Connective Tissue Disease-associated Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Mruthyunjaya Prakashini , Ghosh Anushka , Meka Surya Teja , Subhankar Saswat , Akkiraju Yashaswi Ranga Bharadwaj , Maikap Debashis , Singh Pratima , Padhan Prasanta 
Published: October 2024

Background: Patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) frequently experience sleep-related disorders like insomnia, obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), and restless leg syndrome (RLS). Poor sleep quality in ILD significantly impacts health-related quality of life, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Methodology: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted at a tertiary care centre in Eastern India. Consecutive cases of CTD-ILD and age-matched controls were recruited and were administered a Sleep Questionnaire that included questions related to insomnia, RLS, parasomnias, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Berlin, STOP-BANG questionnaires. Results: Forty cases of CTD-ILD and age-matched controls were enrolled. The mean age of patients was 46.5 ± 12.53 years and 90% were female. On the ESS, where a score of >10 is significant, the patients with CTD-ILD had significantly higher daytime sleepiness as compared to controls ( p = .014). Per the Berlin questionnaire, 57.5% of the patients were at high risk ( p = .025). RLS was significantly higher in patients compared with controls ( Table 5 , p < .05). Conclusion: Sleep disorders and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) are highly prevalent in CTD-ILD. In resource-limited settings, sleep-related questionnaires can serve as a screening tool to identify patients who require further comprehensive evaluation.
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)—Indian Perspective
Authors: Malaviya Anand N. , Kapoor Sanjiv 
Published: October 2024

Reduced life expectancy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been recognised since the 1950s, with standardised mortality rates (SMRs) of 1.41 for females and 1.08 for males. Extensive studies worldwide, including in India, have attributed this to a high prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in RA. The increased ASCVD risk in RA and other inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (I-RMDs) is influenced not only by conventional ASCVD risk factors (such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, physical inactivity, and family history) but also by the degree and duration of systemic inflammation, as indicated by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels. Therefore, preventing ASCVD in RA and other I-RMDs has become a critical responsibility for rheumatologists. A two-pronged strategy is recommended: (a) strict lipid control and (b) stringent management of systemic inflammation, measured by hs-CRP levels. This article summarises the Lipid Association of India (LAI) guidelines for preventing ASCVD in RA and other I-RMDs, which can be implemented by specialist rheumatologist-nurse-led teams in rheumatology clinics and departments.
Understanding Nursing Students’ Competency in Working with Culturally Diverse Populations: A Palestinian Perspective
Authors: Harazneh Lobna , Ayed Ahmad , Salameh Basma 
Published: October 2024

Background: Understanding cultural competency is essential for providing competent, culturally sensitive care for improving health outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine nursing students’ competency in working with culturally diverse populations. Methods: A cross-sectional design was conducted among 243 nursing students during their internship. The Cultural Competence Assessment Scale and a perception of student competency scale were used. Results: The study revealed that nursing students hold a high level of behavioral competence and awareness, with mean scores of 4.99 ± 0.84 and 4.77 ± 0.52, respectively. Nursing students’ cultural competency behavior was significantly predicted by resident location and cultural awareness, as revealed by multivariable regression analysis. Conclusion: Nurses must deliver culturally competent health care to individuals from a variety of backgrounds. It is critical to implement efficient interventions, including focused educational programs, aimed at improving students’ readiness to offer equitable and culturally sensitive care to various patient populations.
Icodec: A Novel Once-Weekly Basal Insulin for Diabetes Management
Authors: Goldman Jennifer , Triplitt Curtis , Isaacs Diana 
Published: October 2024

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and clinical implications of insulin icodec, a novel once-weekly basal insulin for the treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), with an emphasis on its advantages and challenges in comparison with existing daily basal insulins. Data Sources: A literature search was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov up to August 26, 2024, using the search terms icodec and ONWARDS trial. Studies involving patients living with T1D or T2D on once-weekly insulin icodec compared with once-daily insulins glargine U100, glargine U300, and degludec were considered for this review. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Relevant English-language studies and those conducted in humans were considered. Data Synthesis: Insulin icodec offers reduced dosing frequency and potentially superior glycemic management with a safety profile comparable to existing basal insulins. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: Insulin icodec once-weekly dosing could significantly improve convenience and efficacy over daily basal insulins, representing a significant innovation in insulin therapy. Conclusions: Insulin icodec emerges as a promising option for diabetes management, potentially improving treatment adherence and quality of life.
Bimekizumab-bkzx for the Treatment of Plaque Psoriasis: A Drug Review
Authors: Greer Margaret E. , Moran Shannon K. , Feldman Steven R. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Bimekizumab is a biologic targeting interleukin (IL)-17A/17F, approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in 2023. Data Sources: A PubMed search was performed using the keywords “bimekizumab,” “plaque psoriasis,” and “bimekizumab clinical trials,” from origin to August 1, 2024. We included phase I to III trials of bimekizumab for plaque psoriasis, studies published post-FDA approval, and information from the package insert. Study Selection, Data Extraction: We summarized 1 phase I, 4 phase II, and 4 phase III trials, and 3 real-world studies published post-FDA approval. Data Synthesis: Bimekizumab was effective; >85% and 70% of patients achieved PASI90 and PASI100, respectively, in phase III trials. Head-to-head, 85% of bimekizumab patients achieved PASI90 versus 50% of ustekinumab patients. The most frequent adverse event was oral candidiasis (4%-10%); serious adverse events were rare (<1%). Long-term studies confirmed sustained efficacy and consistent safety profile. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice in Comparison to Existing Drugs: Bimekizumab was more efficacious than other IL-17 inhibitors, ustekinumab, and adalimumab. Real-world data corroborate bimekizumab’s efficacy. Bimekizumab had a safety profile like other IL-17 inhibitors, with higher rates of mucocutaneous candidiasis. Conclusion: Many patients who failed other IL-17 inhibitors and switched to bimekizumab experienced clearance. The efficacy of bimekizumab in patients who failed other IL-17 blockers may be attributable to bimekizumab’s ability to block multiple IL-17 isoforms. Bimekizumab also outperformed tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha inhibitors. There may be patients who fail previously available drugs, for reasons including nonadherence, antidrug antibodies, or adverse effects; bimekizumab, which targets additional cytokines, may bridge that gap.
Prescription Opioid Use before and after Diagnosis of Cancer Among Older Cancer Survivors With Non-Cancer Chronic Pain Conditions (NCPCs): An Application of Group-Based Trajectory Modeling (GBTM)
Authors: Safarudin Rudi , LeMasters Traci , Khan Salman , Sambamoorthi Usha 
Published: October 2024

Background Prescription opioids are essential in managing pain among adults with chronic pain conditions. However, persistent use over time can lead to negative health consequences. Identifying individuals with persistent use over time and their characteristics can inform clinical decision-making and aid in reducing the risk of abuse and overdose deaths. Objective This study aims to examine trajectories of prescription opioid use over time and factors associated with these trajectories among older cancer survivors with any non-cancer pain conditions (NCPC). Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study design with longitudinal data of older (age at cancer diagnosis ≥67 years) cancer (incident breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers, or non-Hodgkin lymphoma) survivors with any NCPC. Data were derived from the 2007-2015 linked Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare dataset (N = 35,071). Group-Based Trajectory Modeling (GBTM) was used to identify homogeneous subgroups (distinct trajectories) of individuals based on every 90-day prescription opioid use during pre-cancer diagnosis (t1-t4), acute cancer treatment (t5-t8), and post-cancer treatment (t9-t12) periods. Biological factors, social determinants of health (SDoH), physical and mental health, medication use, health care use, and external factors associated with a trajectory membership were analyzed with multivariable multinomial logistic regressions. Results Four distinct trajectories of opioid use were identified: (1) increase-decrease use (6.1%); (2) short-term use after cancer diagnosis (40.6%); (3) low-use (41.0%); and (4) persistent use (12.3%). In the fully-adjusted multinomial logistic regression, the SDoH such as Non-Hispanic Black [adjusted odds ratios (AOR) = 1.69; 95%CI = 1.48, 1.93)] and rural residence (AOR = 1.49; 95%CI = 1.15, 1.94)], comorbid anxiety (AOR = 1.33; 95%CI = 1.18, 1.51), and medication use (NSAIDs - AOR = 1.20; 95%CI = 1.10, 1.30) were associated with membership in the persistent use group. Persistent use was less likely among those with higher fragmented care index (AOR = 0.95, 95%CI = 0.93, 0.97) and those living in counties with higher Medicare advantage penetration (AOR = 0.96; 95%CI = 0.95, 0.97). Conclusions One in eight older adults had persistent opioid use over time. The profile characteristics of this group were different from the other trajectory groups. Policies and programs to reduce chronic opioid use need to consider the intra- and inter-individual variability to reduce opioid-related morbidity and mortality.
Prediction Model of Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Huiting , Zhu Li , Zhuang Yong , Ye Xiaojian , Chen Fang , Zeng Jinshu 
Published: October 2024

Background The objective of this study is to develop a predictive model for the assessment of cervical lymph node metastasis risk in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 212 patients with PTC who underwent initial surgical treatment from August 2022 to April 2023 in 2 hospitals. Data were randomly split into 7:3 training-validation sets. Logistic regression was used for feature selection and predictive model creation. Model performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves. Clinical utility was determined using decision curves. Results Among the 212 patients with PTC, 104 cases (49.1%) exhibited cervical lymph node metastasis, while 108 cases (50.9%) did not. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age (OR = 0.95), FT3 (OR = 0.41), tumor maximum diameter ≥0.9 cm (OR = 1.85), intratumoral microcalcifications (OR = 1.84), and suspicious lymph node on ultrasound (OR = 2.96) were independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis in PTC patients ( P < 0.05). The constructed model for predicting the risk of cervical lymph node metastasis demonstrated a training set ROC curve area under the curve (AUC) of 0.742 (95% CI: 0.664 - 0.821), with a cut-off value of 0.615, specificity of 87.8%, and sensitivity of 51.4%. The validation set exhibited an AUC of 0.648 (95% CI: 0.501 - 0.788), with a cut-off value of 0.644, specificity of 91.2%, and sensitivity of 43.3%. Including the BRAF V600 E mutation did not improve the model’s diagnostic performance significantly. Decision curve analysis indicated clinical feasibility of the model. Conclusion The predictive model developed in this study effectively predicts lymph node metastasis risk in PTC patients by incorporating ultrasound features, demographic characteristics, and serum parameters. However, including the BRAF V600 E mutation does not significantly improve the model’s diagnostic performance.
The Suicide Assessment Kit-Modified Interview: Development and preliminary validation of a modified clinical interview for the assessment of suicidal thoughts and behavior in autistic adults
Authors: Hedley Darren , Williams Zachary J. , Deady Mark , Batterham Philip J. , Bury Simon M. , Brown Claire M. , Robinson Jo , Trollor Julian N. , Uljarević Mirko , Stokes Mark A. 
Published: October 2024

The increased prevalence of suicide among autistic people highlights the need for validated clinical suicide screening and assessment instruments that are accessible and meet the unique language and communication needs of this population. We describe the preliminary preregistered psychometric validation of the Suicide Assessment Kit-Modified Interview, in a sample of 98 autistic adults (58% women, 34% men, 7% nonbinary; MAGE  = 41.65, SD  = 12.96). A four-item negative affect score derived from the Suicide Assessment Kit-Modified Interview demonstrated adequate reliability (ω = 0.796, BCa 95% confidence interval = [0.706, 0.857]), as well as good convergent validity with related measures. Ordinal Suicide Assessment Kit-Modified Interview “categories” (1–5) demonstrated divergent validity ( rs = −0.067 to 0.081) and good convergent validity, strongly correlating with mental health ( rs = 0.446 to 0.744) and suicide assessment instruments ( rs = 0.576 to 0.696). Suicide Assessment Kit-Modified Interview categories showed strong ability to predict participants identified by clinicians as “above low risk” of future suicide attempt (area under the curve = 0.887, posterior Mdn = 0.889, 95% credible interval = [0.810, 0.954], PAUC > 0.8 = 0.976). Suicide Assessment Kit-Modified Interview classifications > “Category 3” provided an observed sensitivity of 0.750 ( Mdn = 0.810, [0.669, 0.948], PSe > 0.8 = 0.544) and an observed specificity of 0.895 ( Mdn = 0.899, [0.833, 0.956], PSp > 0.8 = 0.995) for “above low risk” status. Our findings indicate that the Suicide Assessment Kit-Modified Interview is a psychometrically strong clinical assessment tool for suicidal behavior that can be validly administered to autistic adults without intellectual disability. Lay Abstract People with a diagnosis of autism are at increased risk of death by suicide. There is a need for clinical instruments that are adapted to the needs of autistic people. In this study, we modified and evaluated a clinical suicide interview (Suicide Assessment Kit-Modified Interview) for use with autistic people who do not have an intellectual disability. Autistic people helped us to modify the original version of the instrument by improving the questions, providing explanations for difficult terms or concepts, and recommending that we use different rating scales. Our results support the use of Suicide Assessment Kit-Modified Interview for assessing autistic adults without intellectual disability for suicidal thoughts and behavior. In the future, we will test how well Suicide Assessment Kit-Modified Interview works in clinical settings and with different clinical populations.
Factors affecting the oral health of patients in intensive care units: a prospective observational study
Authors: Çiftçi Muhammed Ali , Efe Arslan Dilek 
Published: October 2024

Background: In the intensive care unit (ICU), oral flora changes and bacterial growth starts, negatively affecting oral health. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the status of the oral mucus membranes of patients in ICUs and the factors affecting oral health. Methods: A descriptive and correlation design was used. The study included 151 patients in ICUs for five consecutive days. The assessments were performed using the Patient Form, Eilers Oral Health Assessment Scores and the Oral Health Assessment Chart. Results: Decayed teeth, magnesium levels and Glasgow coma scale were found to be effective in the first day oral health change of ICU patients and explained 22% of the oral health change, respectively. Age, decayed teeth, number of drugs used and Glasgow coma scale were found to be effective in the change in oral health of ICU patients on the fifth day and explained 35% of the change in oral health. Conclusions: Oral mucus membranes should be assessed closely and systematically in all critically ill patients who are of advanced age and are receiving a small number of medications, with a history of hyperglycaemia, high BUN, low albumin, hypocalcaemia, low Glasgow Coma Scale and decayed teeth.
Small volume fluid resuscitation and supplementation with 20% albumin versus buffered crystalloids in adults with septic shock: A protocol for a randomised feasibility trial
Authors: Bannard-Smith Jonathan , Bellomo Rinaldo , Felton Tim W. , McAuley Daniel F. , Kitchen Gareth B. , Fullwood Catherine , Thompson Alexander , Dark Paul M. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Fluid therapy is universally administered in the management of patients with sepsis, however excessive cumulative fluid balance has been shown to result in worse outcomes. Hyperoncotic albumin results in both lower fluid volumes and early cumulative fluid balance, and may reduce short-term mortality in patients with septic shock. Methods: In this single centre, open label, feasibility trial; patients with early septic shock will be randomly allocated either 20% albumin for resuscitation and daily supplementation, versus buffered crystalloids alone for all fluid therapy. The intervention period will last 7 days, with follow up points at ICU and hospital discharge, and 90 days after randomisation. Objectives: Primary outcome measures including recruitment rate, intervention adherence, data completeness and safety will constitute objective evidence of feasibility, according to pre-specified thresholds. Secondary outcomes will include mortality and healthcare utilisation at 90 days, alongside other physiological and patient centred outcomes to inform the design of a future effectiveness trial. Conclusion: This study will rigorously test the feasibility of conducting a future trial to test both the clinical and cost-effectiveness of hyperoncotic albumin in patients with early septic shock.
Characteristics and Healthcare Utilization of Canadians Living With Participation and Activity Limitations (2001-2010): A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Dan , Wong Jessica J. , Hogg-Johnson Sheilah , Mior Silvano A. , Côté Pierre 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Individuals with participation and activity limitations face important healthcare challenges. Objectives: We investigated healthcare utilization and characteristics of Canadians living with participation and activity limitations between 2001 and 2010. Methods: We pooled data from 5 cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey (2001-2010 CCHS). The multistage stratified cluster-sampling method used covered approximately 98% of Canadians, aged 12 years and older residing in private dwellings. We described sociodemographic, behavioral, and health-related characteristics of participants with participation and activity limitations and reported their annual utilization (prevalence; 95% CI) of 7 healthcare providers. Multivariable modified Poisson regression identified individual characteristics associated with healthcare utilization and examined the trends over time. Results: Annually, 8.1 million Canadians aged 12 years and older (29.8%) reported participation and activity limitations. Most common health conditions were back problems (37%) and arthritis (34%). Predominant healthcare providers were medical doctors (88.8%; 95% CI = 88.6-89.0), nurses (16.3%; 95% CI = 16.1-16.6), physiotherapists (15.0%; 95% CI = 14.7-15.2), and chiropractors (14.4%; 95% CI = 14.2-14.7). Overall, males, older adults, immigrants, those with lower education, lower income, recent employment, and better general health were less likely to consult providers. Over time, utilization of most non-medical providers increased. Conclusion: Participation and activity limitations are prevalent in Canada, and most consulted medical doctors. Disadvantaged groups reported lower utilization of most providers, emphasizing access challenges and the need for equitable and integrated healthcare policies. Improving access to rehabilitation services and their inclusion within universal healthcare coverage should be a priority.