bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attentional modulation and domain‐specificity underlying the neural organization of auditory categorical perception
Authors: Bidelman Gavin M. , Walker Breya S. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCategorical perception (CP) is highly evident in audition when listeners’ perception of speech sounds abruptly shifts identity despite equidistant changes in stimulus acoustics. While CP is an inherent property of speech perception, how (if) it is expressed in other auditory modalities (e.g., music) is less clear. Moreover, prior neuroimaging studies have been equivocal on whether attentional engagement is necessary for the brain to categorically organize sound. To address these questions, we recorded neuroelectric brain responses [event‐related potentials (ERPs)] from listeners as they rapidly categorized sounds along a speech and music continuum (active task) or during passive listening. Behaviorally, listeners’ achieved sharper psychometric functions and faster identification for speech than musical stimuli, which was perceived in a continuous mode. Behavioral results coincided with stronger ERP differentiation between prototypical and ambiguous tokens (i.e., categorical processing) for speech but not for music. Neural correlates of CP were only observed when listeners actively attended to the auditory signal. These findings were corroborated by brain‐behavior associations; changes in neural activity predicted more successful CP (psychometric slopes) for active but not passively evoked ERPs. Our results demonstrate auditory categorization is influenced by attention (active > passive) and is stronger for more familiar/overlearned stimulus domains (speech > music). In contrast to previous studies examining highly trained listeners (i.e., musicians), we infer that (i) CP skills are largely domain‐specific and do not generalize to stimuli for which a listener has no immediate experience and (ii) categorical neural processing requires active engagement with the auditory stimulus.
Posterior cortex epilepsy surgery in childhood and adolescence: Predictors of long‐term seizure outcome
Authors: Ramantani Georgia , Stathi Angeliki , Brandt Armin , Strobl Karl , Schubert‐Bast Susanne , Wiegand Gert , Korinthenberg Rudolf , van Velthoven Vera , Zentner Josef , Schulze‐Bonhage Andreas , Bast Thomas 
Published: January 2017

SummaryObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the long‐term seizure outcome of children and adolescents who were undergoing epilepsy surgery in the parietooccipital cortex and determine their predictive factors.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data of 50 consecutive patients aged 11.1 (mean) ± 5.1 (standard deviation) years at surgery. All patients but one had a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–visible lesion. Resections were parietal in 40%, occipital in 32%, and parietooccipital in 28% cases; 24% patients additionally underwent a resection of the posterior border of the temporal lobe. Etiology included focal cortical dysplasia in 44%, benign tumors (dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor, ganglioglioma, angiocentric glioma, and pilocystic astrocytoma) in 32%, peri‐ or postnatal ischemic lesions in 16%, and tuberous sclerosis in 8% cases.ResultsAt last follow‐up (mean 8 years, range 1.5–18 years), 60% patients remained seizure‐free (Engel class I): 30% had discontinued and 20% had reduced antiepileptic drugs. Most seizure recurrences (71%) occurred within the first 6 months, and only three patients presented with seizures ≥2 years after surgery. Independent predictors of seizure recurrence included left‐sided as well as parietal epileptogenic zones and resections. Longer epilepsy duration to surgery was identified as the only modifiable independent predictor of seizure recurrence.SignificanceOur study demonstrates that posterior cortex epilepsy surgery is highly effective in terms of lasting seizure control and antiepileptic drug cessation in selected pediatric candidates. Most importantly, our data supports the early consideration of surgical intervention in children and adolescents with refractory posterior cortex epilepsy.
Sodium selenate treatment improves symptoms and seizure susceptibility in a malin‐deficient mouse model of Lafora disease
Authors: Sánchez‐Elexpuru Gentzane , Serratosa José M. , Sánchez Marina P. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryObjectiveTo search for new therapies aimed at ameliorating the neurologic symptoms and epilepsy developing in patients with Lafora disease.MethodsLafora disease is caused by loss‐of‐function mutations in either the EPM2A or EPM2B genes. Epm2a−/− and Epm2b−/− mice display neurologic and behavioral abnormalities similar to those found in patients. Selenium is a potent antioxidant and its deficiency has been related to the development of certain diseases, including epilepsy. In this study, we investigated whether sodium selenate treatment improved the neurologic alterations and the hyperexcitability present in the Epm2b−/− mouse model.ResultsSodium selenate ameliorates some of the motor and memory deficits and the sensitivity observed with pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) treatments in Epm2b−/− mice. Neuronal degeneration and gliosis were also diminished after sodium selenate treatment.SignificanceSodium selenate could be beneficial for ameliorating some symptoms that present in patients with Lafora disease.
Low‐dose factor VIII infusion in Chinese adult haemophilia A patients: pharmacokinetics evidence that daily infusion results in higher trough level than with every‐other‐day infusion with similar factor VIII consumption
Authors: Hua B. , Lee A. , Fan L. , Li K. , Zhang Y. , Poon M.‐C. , Zhao Y. 
Published: January 2017

IntroductionPharmacokinetics (PK) modelling suggests improvement of trough levels are achieved by using more frequent infusion strategy. However, no clinical study data exists to confirm or quantify improvement in trough level, particularly for low‐dose prophylaxis in patients with haemophilia A.AimTo provide evidence that low dose daily (ED) prophylaxis can increase trough levels without increasing FVIII consumption compared to every‐other‐day (EOD) infusion.MethodsA cross‐over study on 5 IU kg−1 FVIII daily vs. 10 IU kg−1 EOD infusions, each for 14 days was conducted at the PUMCH‐HTC. On the ED schedule, trough (immediate prior to infusion), and peak FVIII:C levels (30 min after infusion) were measured on days 1–5; and trough levels alone on days 7, 9, 11 and 13. For the EOD schedule, troughs, peaks and 4‐h postinfusion were measured on day 1; troughs and peaks on days 3, 5, and 7; troughs alone on days 9, 11 and 13 and 24‐h postinfusion on days 2, 4 and 6. FVIII inhibitors were assessed on days 0 and 14 during both infusion schedules.ResultsSix patients were enrolled. PK evidence showed that daily prophylaxis achieved higher (~2 times) steady‐state FVIII trough levels compared to EOD with the same total factor consumption. The daily prophylaxis had good acceptability among patients and reduced chronic pain in the joints in some patients.ConclusionOur PK study shows low‐dose factor VIII daily infusion results in higher trough level than with EOD infusion with similar factor VIII consumption in Chinese adult haemophilia A patients.
Psychosocial aspects of children and families treated with hemodialysis
Authors: Medyńska Anna , Zwolińska Danuta , Grenda Ryszard , Miklaszewska Monika , Szczepańska Maria , Urzykowska Agnieszka , Zachwieja Katarzyna , Kiliś‐Pstrusińska Katarzyna 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIntroduction: The aim of this study was to analyze the selected psychosocial aspects of chronic kidney disease in children treated with hemodialysis (HD).Methods: The study included 25 children treated with HD aged 2 to 18 years and their parents. Data concerning the illness and socio‐demographic parameters was collected. We used the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) for patients and for their parents the PedsQL‐proxy version, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ‐12), Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS), and the Caregivers Burden Scale (CBS) to evaluate health‐related quality of life (QoL) of HD children and their primary caregivers.Findings: In the PedsQL test, the QoL of HD children was lower than in healthy children. Children treated with HD assessed their QoL on the PedsQL questionnaire higher than the primary caregivers, on all subscales as well as an overall health‐related QoL. Scoring below 2 on the GHQ‐12 test was reported in 56% of mothers, which may indicate that psychological symptoms have intensified. There was no correlation between BSSS, CBS, and GHQ‐12.Discussion: The assessment of QoL in pediatric patients would allow for the earliest possible identification of their nonsomatic problems and irregularities. This could, consequently, contribute to improving QoL in both children with chronic kidney disease and their families.
Adaptation of the chevron‐notch beam fracture toughness method to specimens harvested from diesel particulate filters
Authors: Wereszczak Andrew , Jadaan Osama , Modugno Max , Hatala Glenn , Lance Michael 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe apparent fracture toughness of a porous cordierite ceramic was estimated using a large specimen whose geometry was inspired by theASTM‐C1421‐standardized chevron‐notch beam. Using the same combination of experiment and analysis used to develop the standardized chevron‐notch test for small, monolithic ceramic bend bars, an apparent fracture toughness of 0.6 and 0.9 MPa√m were estimated for an unaged and aged cordierite diesel particulate filter structure, respectively. The effectiveness and simplicity of this adapted specimen geometry and test method lends itself to the evaluation of (macroscopic) apparent fracture toughness of an entire porous‐ceramic, diesel particulate filter structure.
Evaluating the role of seed priming in improving drought tolerance of pigmented and non‐pigmented rice
Authors: Hussain M. , Farooq M. , Lee D.‐J. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis study was conducted to evaluate the influence of seed priming on drought tolerance of pigmented and non‐pigmented rice. Seeds of pigmented (cv. Heug Jinju Byeo) and non‐pigmented (cv. Anjoong) rice were soaked in water (hydropriming) or solution of CaCl2 (osmopriming). Seeds were sown in soil‐filled pots retained at 70 (well‐watered) and 35% (drought) water‐holding capacity. Drought stress caused erratic and poor stand establishment and decreased the growth of both rice types. More decrease in plant height and leaf area under drought stress was noted in pigmented rice, whereas decrease in root length and seedling dry weight, under drought, was more obvious in non‐pigmented rice. Pigmented rice maintained more tissue water and photosynthesis and had more polyphenols, flavonoids and antioxidant activity than non‐pigmented rice. Seed priming was effective in improving stand establishment, growth, polyphenols, flavonoids and antioxidant activity; however, extent of improvement was more in pigmented rice under drought. In conclusion, drought caused erratic germination and suppressed plant growth in both rice types. However, pigmented rice had better drought tolerance owing to uniform emergence, and better physiological and morphological plasticity. Seed priming was quite helpful in improving the performance of both rice types under drought and well‐watered conditions.
Turning the Tides: Coping with Trauma and Addiction through Residential Adolescent Group Therapy
Authors: Bougard Katherine Gardner , Laupola Tina Marie Truncellito , Parker‐Dias Joan , Creekmore Jeremy , Stangland Stacey 
Published: January 2017

TOPICEvidence‐based group therapy in an inpatient setting that provides an integrated treatment approach for both trauma and addiction in female adolescents.PURPOSEThe purpose of this evidence‐based practice (EBP) project was to implement and assess the impact of an integrated group therapy approach for both posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD) in adolescent females as part of a residential treatment program.SOURCESThe Iowa Model of EBP guided this EBP project. Judith Herman's three‐stage model of trauma recovery and the Skills Training in Affective and Interpersonal Regulation (STAIR) model served as the theoretical framework for the group therapy curriculum. Two programs, Seeking Safety, by Lisa Najavits and VOICES, by Stephanie Covington, provided a guide for group topics and activities.CONCLUSIONSPatients that participated in Turning the Tides© group therapy curriculum reported a decrease in overall PTSD symptoms and decreased functional impairment scores, based on the Child PTSD Symptoms Scale. However, there was a statistically significant increase in the use of as needed medications following the completion of group therapy. Postgroup evaluations from patients indicated a genuine desire to engage in the group therapy as well as an increased sense of trust with facilitators. Implications for psychiatric nursing include the delivery of safe, quality patient care as evidenced by positive improvement in patient outcomes.
Outbreaks of ulcerative disease associated with ranavirus infection in barcoo grunter, Scortum barcoo (McCulloch & Waite)
Authors: Kayansamruaj P , Rangsichol A , Dong H T , Rodkhum C , Maita M , Katagiri T , Pirarat N 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn 2013, an outbreak of ulcerative disease associated with ranavirus infection occurred in barcoo grunter, Scortum barcoo (McCulloch & Waite), farms in Thailand. Affected fish exhibited extensive haemorrhage and ulceration on skin and muscle. Microscopically, the widespread haemorrhagic ulceration and necrosis were noted in gill, spleen and kidney with the presence of intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies. When healthy barcoo grunter were experimentally challenged via intraperitoneal and oral modes with homogenized tissue of naturally infected fish, gross and microscopic lesions occurred with a cumulative mortality of 70–90%. Both naturally and experimentally infected fish yielded positive results to the ranavirus‐specific PCR. The full‐length nucleotide sequences of major capsid protein gene of ranaviral isolates were similar to largemouth bass virus (LMBV) and identical to largemouth bass ulcerative syndrome virus (LBUSV), previously reported in farmed largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides L.), which also produced lethal ulcerative skin lesions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a LMBV‐like infection associated with skin lesions in barcoo grunter, adding to the known examples of ranavirus infection associated with skin ulceration in fish.
Effects of modified atmosphere, anti‐browning treatments and ultrasound on the polyphenolic stability, antioxidant capacity and microbial growth in fresh‐cut apples
Authors: Putnik Predrag , Bursać Kovačević Danijela , Herceg Korina , Pavkov Ivan , Zorić Zoran , Levaj Branka 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis study addressed the changes in polyphenolic stability and antioxidant capacity in fresh‐cut apples packaged in modified atmosphere (MAP) as a result of (i) minimal processing parameters (type of cultivar, anti‐browning treatments, and the length of storage); (ii) superficial browning; (iii) ultrasound treatment; and (iv) microbial growth during storage at 4 °C for 14 days. Studied cultivars were Cripps Pink and Golden Delicious. Anti‐browning agents were ascorbic with citric acid and sole Ca‐ascorbate that were both combined with the ultrasound. Identified phenolic compounds in all samples were chlorogenic and p‐coumaroylquinic acid, quercetin, epicatechin, and phloridzin. Cripps Pink was richer on flavonoids and had the higher antioxidant capacity than Golden Delicious. Application of any anti‐browning treatments did not influence quantities of phenolic compounds, but they showed an improved antioxidant capacity in comparison with untreated samples. Phenolic compounds were stable and antioxidant capacity decreased during storage. Microbial growth had no association with the majority of phenolic compounds (except epicatechin), where it was possible that microorganisms oxidized epicatechin to quercetin together with apple respiratory processes.Practical applicationsFresh‐cut production represents large portion of the international food markets as consumers increasingly demand ready‐to‐eat products. However, these products have a very short shelf‐life with strong impacts on economic gains from such production. Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is a very popular industrial preservation technique for prolonging freshness of ready‐to‐eat apples and other foods. Polyphenolics naturally present in apples have various health benefits and favorable influence on nutritive value. Currently, there is a scarcity of available data that simultaneously associates changes in polyphenolic content with minimal processing; apple respiration; storage and superficial browning. This type of data has both, economic and nutritive value for the fresh‐cut production as it is associated with extension of the shelf‐life, plus it is directly related with the superficial browning in this perishable produce.
A SURVEY OF JEL CODES: WHAT DO THEY MEAN AND ARE THEY USED CONSISTENTLY?
Authors: Kosnik Lea‐Rachel 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe use and prevalence of JEL code categorization is wide in the field of economics, but what do JEL code classifications actually tell us? And are they used with consistency by academics in the field? Utilizing a data set of articles published in the American Economic Review from 1990 to 2008, we investigate whether there is heterogeneity in JEL codes assignments between authors and editors. We find that there is. A secondary goal of this paper is to survey overall thematic trends in JEL code usage over the past four and a half decades. One result is that JEL category M: Business Economics, in particular, appears to be thematically and spatially distinct from much of the rest of the published literature in the top general interest journals in the field.
Melatonin alleviates cadmium‐induced liver injury by inhibiting the TXNIP‐NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Cao Zhengwang , Fang Yiliang , Lu Yonghui , Tan Dunxian , Du Changhong , Li Yuming , Ma Qinlong , Yu Junmei , Chen Mengyan , Zhou Chao , Pei Liping , Zhang Lei , Ran Haiying , He Mindi , Yu Zhengping , Zhou Zhou 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCadmium (Cd) is a persistent environmental and occupational contaminant that accumulates in the liver and induces oxidative stress and inflammation. Melatonin possesses potent hepatoprotective properties against the development and progression of acute and chronic liver injury. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism underlying the protective effects of melatonin against Cd‐induced hepatotoxicity remains obscure. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin on Cd‐induced liver inflammation and hepatocyte death. Male C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with melatonin (10 mg/kg) once a day for 3 days before exposure to CdCl2 (2.0 mg/kg). We found that Cd induced hepatocellular damage and inflammatory infiltration as well as increased serum ALT/AST enzymes. In addition, we showed that Cd triggered an inflammatory cell death, which is mediated by the NOD‐like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Moreover, melatonin treatment significantly alleviated Cd‐induced liver injury by decreasing serum ALT/AST levels, suppressing pro‐inflammatory cytokine production, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation, ameliorating oxidative stress, and attenuating hepatocyte death. Most importantly, melatonin markedly abrogated Cd‐induced TXNIP overexpression and decreased the interaction between TXNIP and NLRP3 in vivo and in vitro. However, treatment with siRNA targeting TXNIP blocked the protective effects of melatonin in Cd‐treated primary hepatocytes. Collectively, our results suggest that melatonin confers protection against Cd‐induced liver inflammation and hepatocyte death via inhibition of the TXNIP‐NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.
Medicaid Expansion Under the Affordable Care Act and Insurance Coverage in Rural and Urban Areas
Authors: Soni Aparna , Hendryx Michael , Simon Kosali 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPurposeTo analyze the differential rural‐urban impacts of the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion on low‐income childless adults’ health insurance coverage.MethodsUsing data from the American Community Survey years 2011‐2015, we conducted a difference‐in‐differences regression analysis to test for changes in the probability of low‐income childless adults having insurance in states that expanded Medicaid versus states that did not expand, in rural versus urban areas. Analyses employed survey weights, adjusted for covariates, and included a set of falsification tests as well as sensitivity analyses.FindingsMedicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act increased the probability of Medicaid coverage for targeted populations in rural and urban areas, with a significantly greater increase in rural areas (P< .05), but some of these gains were offset by reductions in individual purchased insurance among rural populations (P< .01). Falsification tests showed that the insurance increases were specific to low‐income childless adults, as expected, and were largely insignificant for other populations.ConclusionsThe Medicaid expansion increased the probability of having “any insurance” for the pooled urban and rural low‐income populations, and it specifically increased Medicaid coverage more in rural versus urban populations. There was some evidence that the expansion was accompanied by some shifting from individual purchased insurance to Medicaid in rural areas, and there is a need for future work to understand the implications of this shift on expenditures, access to care and utilization.
Social anxiety levels and associated factors among adolescents with type 1 diabetes compared with healthy peers
Authors: Ceylan Cigdem , Altay Naime 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine adolescent social anxiety and related factors among youth aged 12‐15 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) compared to healthy peers.Design and MethodsThe study used a descriptive correlational design. The data were collected with The Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS‐A) and a youth descriptive information form.ResultsThe overall SAS‐A mean score was statistically significantly higher for adolescents with T1DM (40.14 ± 11.44) compared to their healthy peers (33.33 ± 9.34) p = 0.000. The list of factors was related to increased SAS‐A scores.Practice ImplicationsThe early identification of social anxiety in adolescents by nurses may reduce possible complications of diabetes.