bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative bevacizumab and volumetric recovery after resection of colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Margonis Georgios Antonios , Buettner Stefan , Andreatos Nikolaos , Sasaki Kazunari , Pour Manijeh Zargham , Deshwar Ammar , Wang Jane , Ghasebeh Mounes Aliyari , Damaskos Christos , Rezaee Neda , Pawlik Timothy M. , Wolfgang Christopher L. , Kamel Ihab R. , Weiss Matthew J. 
Published: July 2017

Background and ObjectivesWhile preoperative treatment is frequently administered to CRLM patients, the impact of chemotherapy, with or without bevacizumab, on liver regeneration remains controversial.MethodsThe early and late regeneration indexes were defined as the relative increase in liver volume (RLV) within 2 and 9 months from surgery. Regeneration rates of the preoperative treatment groups were compared.ResultsPreoperative chemotherapy details and volumetric data were available for 185 patients; 78 (42.2%) received preoperative chemotherapy with bevacizumab (Bev+), 46 (24.8%) received chemotherapy only (Bev−), and 61 (33%) received no chemotherapy. Patients in the Bev+ and Bev− groups received similar chemotherapy cycles (4 [3‐6] vs 4 [4‐6]; P = 0.499). Despite the comparable clinicopathological characteristics and Resected Volume/Total Liver Volume (TLV) at surgery (P = 0.944) of both groups, Bev+ group had higher early and late regeneration (17.2% vs 4.3%; P = 0.035 and 14.0% vs 9.4%; P = 0.091, respectively). Of note, early and late regeneration rates (3.7% and 10.9% vs 6.6% and 5.5%, respectively) were comparable between the no chemotherapy and Bev− groups (all P > 0.05). In multivariable analysis —adjusted for gender, age, portal vein embolization, preoperative chemotherapy, resected liver volume, tumor number, postoperative chemotherapy, fibrosis, steatosis— bevacizumab independently predicted early liver regeneration (P = 0.019).ConclusionOur findings suggest that preoperative bevacizumab administered along with chemotherapy was associated with enhanced volumetric restoration. Interestingly, this effect was more pronounced among patients who received oxaliplatin‐based regimens and bevacizumab compared to those treated with irinotecan‐based regimens and bevacizumab.
Genetic Paradoxes in an Italian Family with PARK2 Multiexon Duplication
Authors: Petrucci Simona , Ferrazzano Gina , Ginevrino Monia , Tolve Manuela , Berardelli Isabella , Berardelli Alfredo , Fabbrini Giovanni , Valente Enza Maria 
Published: July 2017

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Impact of poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) architecture on the thermomechanical and shape memory properties
Authors: Deshmukh Prashant , Yoon Hyeongho , Cho Seungwan , Yoon Sook Young , Zore Omkar V. , Kim Taeyoon , Chung Ildoo , Ahn Suk‐Kyun , Kasi Rajeswari M. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTWe report the synthesis of linear‐ and brush‐type poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) (PCL) networks and investigate their thermal, mechanical, and shape memory behavior. Brush‐PCLs are prepared by ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of a norbornenyl‐functionalized ɛ‐caprolactone macromonomer (MM‐PCL) of different molecular weights. The linear analog, diacrylate end‐functionalized PCL (linear‐PCL), having comparable molecular weight of side chain of brush‐PCL is also synthesized. These polymers are thermally cured by a radical initiator in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate crosslinker. Thermal and linear viscoelastic properties as well as shape memory performance of the resulting PCL networks are investigated, and are significantly impacted by the PCL architecture. Therefore, our work highlights that tailoring macromolecular architecture is useful strategy to manipulate thermal, mechanical, and resulting shape memory properties. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 3424–3433
NiWO3 Nanoparticles Grown on Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g‐C3N4) Supported Toray Carbon as an Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Oxygen and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions
Authors: Kumar M. Praveen , Murugesan Pramila , Vivek Sankar , Ravichandran Subbiah 
Published: July 2017

AbstractCatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are at the heart of water oxidation reactions. Despite continuous efforts, the development of OER/HER electrocatalysts with high activity at low cost remains a big challenge. Herein, a composite material consisting of TC@WO3@g‐C3N4@Ni‐NiO complex matrix as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for the OER and HER is described. Though the catalyst has modest activity for HER, it exhibits high OER activity thereby making it a better nonprecious electrocatalyst for both OER and HER and is further improved by g‐C3N4. The catalytic activity arises from the synergetic effects between WO3, Ni‐NiO, and g‐C3N4. A Ni‐NiO alloy and WO3 nanoparticles decorated on the g‐C3N4 surface supported toray carbon (TC) matrix (TC@WO3@g‐C3N4@Ni‐NiO) by a facile route that show an excellent and durable bifunctional catalytic activity for OER and HER in the alkaline medium are developed. This carbon nitride with binary metal/metal‐oxide matrix supported with TC exhibit an overpotential of 0.385 and 0.535 V versus RHE at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 (Tafel slopes of 0.057 and 0.246 V dec−1 for OER and HER, respectively), in 0.1 m NaOH . The catalyst is tested in water electrolysis for 17 h.
The Sedimentation of Colloidal Nanoparticles in Solution and Its Study Using Quantitative Digital Photography
Authors: Midelet Johanna , El‐Sagheer Afaf H. , Brown Tom , Kanaras Antonios G. , Werts Martinus H. V. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSedimentation and diffusion are important aspects of the behavior of colloidal nanoparticles in solution, and merit attention during the synthesis, characterization, and application of nanoparticles. Here, the sedimentation of nanoparticles is studied quantitatively using digital photography and a simple model based on the Mason–Weaver equation. Good agreement between experimental time‐lapse photography and numerical solutions of the model is found for a series of gold nanoparticles. The new method is extended to study for the first time the gravitational sedimentation of DNA‐linked gold nanoparticle dimers as a model system of a higher complexity structure. Additionally, simple formulas are derived for estimating suitable parameters for the preparative centrifugation of nanoparticle solutions.
Antofine suppresses endotoxin‐induced inflammation and metabolic disorder via AMP‐activated protein kinase
Authors: Chou Shao‐Ting , Jung Fang , Yang Shih‐Hsing , Chou Hwei‐Ling , Jow Guey‐Mei , Lin Jau‐Chen 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe inhibition of activated macrophages has been used to develop anti‐inflammatory agents for therapeutic intervention to human diseases that cause excessive inflammatory responses. Antofine, a phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid, has a potent anti‐inflammatory effect. However, the molecular mechanisms of its anti‐inflammatory activity have not yet been fully detailed. In this study, we comprehensively explored the anti‐inflammatory effects of antofine on endotoxin‐induced inflammation in macrophages using cDNA microarray analysis, thereby elucidating the potential mechanism by which antofine suppresses inflammation. Antofine significantly suppressed the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFα and IL‐1β and the production of iNOS in LPS‐activated Raw264.7 macrophage cells. In addition, antofine can suppress the expressions of several inflammation‐related genes (such as ARG‐1, IL1F9, IL‐10, and IL‐33) and extracellular matrix genes (such as TNC and HYAL1), as well as a vasopressor gene (EDN1) in activated macrophage cells, that are induced by LPS stimulation. The gene expression profiles analyzed by GeneMANIA software showed that antofine not only contributed anti‐inflammatory activity but also modulated the cellular metabolism via AMPK. Furthermore, antofine also modulated the activation of AMPK and caspase‐1, the key regulator in inflammasome‐mediated IL‐1β maturation, in activated macrophage cells. In conclusion, these data indicated that antofine potentially can not only contribute an anti‐inflammatory effect but can also attenuate the metabolic disorders induced by inflammation via AMPK.
Looking for coherence in science curriculum
Authors: Sikorski Tiffany‐Rose , Hammer David 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDespite myriad attempts over the years to design curricula with logical ordering and connections, concerns persist that students view science as a body of prescribed information to memorize. In this essay, we argue that attempts to build coherence into the curriculum reflect fundamental and enduring misconceptions about the nature of coherence itself. Using examples of prominent curriculum projects over the past decade, we argue thatpremeditated coherence, the kind of coherence that is planned and designed for students, may inhibit students’ learning to seek coherence for themselves. We conclude with an approach to curriculum and assessment that emphasizes students’ epistemic agency in seeking coherence.
Efficient Reversible Optical Sensing of Water Achieved through the Conversion of H‐Aggregates of a Merocyanine Salt to J‐Aggregates
Authors: Sahoo Priya Ranjan , Prakash Kunal , Kumar Ajeet , Kumar Satish 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA stable MC (merocyanine)‐spiropyran as p‐toluenesulfonate salt was synthesized. The structure of the merocyanine salt form of the spiropyran was established by using IR, 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, 2D‐NMR and HR‐MS spectroscopic techniques. The MC salt was employed as an optical probe for the detection of trace water content in the organic media using the naked eye, UV‐Visible and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. The DLS and TEM measurements were used to support the aggregation and disaggregation of the MC salt form. The results established the conversion of H‐ aggregates to J‐ aggregates can be used for the efficient detection of trace water content in organic media. The optical probe was further used to sense and quantify water molecules associated with the metal salts. The probe can be used multiple times for sensing water. The results provide insightful opportunities for practical applications of sensing trace water content in organic solvents and coordinated to metal ions.
Supercritical‐Fluid‐Assisted Decoration of MoS2 @ MWCNTs and Their Superior Performance in the Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Thangasamy Pitchai , Ramesh Ammasi , Sathish Marappan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe demonstrate a simple, effective, one–pot and environmentally benign supercritical fluid (SCF) process for the decoration of MoS2 nanoparticles over the surafce of the multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs‐MoS2) at a short reaction time of 30 min. The formation of MoS2 by decomposition of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Raman, transmission electron microscopy energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (TEM‐EDX) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) analysis further confirms the formation of MoS2 nanoparticles on CNTs during SCF processing. The attachment of MoS2 nanoparticles over CNTs surface were evidently seen in the high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM) imaging and elemental mapping analysis. Interestingly, the fabricated MWCNTs‐MoS2 composite exhibited excellent catalytic activity towards hydrogen evolution reaction with a low Tafel slope of 44 mV/dec and high cathodic current density of 10 mA cm−2 at η=214 mV vs. RHE. The observed enhanced catalytic activity is mainly ascribed to the synergistic effect between MoS2 nanoparticles and MWCNTs electrical support.
Preparation of Salicyl Alcohols and 9‐Arylxanthenes Using Sodium Salicylates and Bromo‐Hydrocarbons Mediated by PPh3
Authors: Zhang Jing , Li Ling‐Jie , Tang Yu , Yang Jun , Xu Kai‐Tian , Zhang Yuan‐Ming 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA highly efficient and convenient Barbier‐Grignard‐type reaction to give salicyl alcohols and novel facile protocol to furnish unsymmetrical 9‐arylxanthenes using sodium salicylates and unactivated bromo‐hydrocarbons are described. Of total 21 synthesized compounds, 18 compounds containing 14 alcohols and 4 9‐arylxanthenes are new compounds. The products were provided in yields among 38–99%. The electronic and steric effects of bromo‐hydrocarbons on the reaction were discussed. Based on experimental results, a plausible mechanism concerning direct formation of salicyl alcohol from salicylate and PhMgBr with the promotion of PPh3 is proposed.
Diallyl trisulfide inhibits cell migration and invasion of human melanoma a375 cells via inhibiting integrin/facal adhesion kinase pathway
Authors: Wang Hsiao‐Chi , Chu Yung‐Lin , Hsieh Shu‐Chen , Sheen Lee‐Yan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMelanoma is the leading cause of death from skin disease due to its propensity for metastasis. Studies have shown that integrin‐mediated focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signal pathway is implicated in cell proliferation, survival and metastasis of tumor cells. Our previous results indicated that diallyl trisulfide (DATS) provided its antimelanoma activity via inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to explore DATS mediated antimetastatic effect and the corresponding mechanism in human melanoma A375 cells. We found that DATS exhibited an inhibitory effect on the abilities of migration and invasion in A375 cells under noncytotoxic concentrations analyzed by wound healing assays and Matrigel invasion chamber system. DATS attenuated invasion of A375 cells with characteristic of decreased activities and protein expressions of matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) and MMP‐9. Moreover, DATS exerted an inhibitory effect on cell adhesion of A375 cells, which is in correlation with the change in integrin signaling pathway. Results of Western blotting showed that DATS decreased the levels of several integrin subunits, including α4, α5, αv, β1, β3 and β4. Subsequently, DATS induced a strong decrease in total FAK, phosphorylated FAK Tyr‐397,‐576, −577, and disorganized F‐actin stress fibers, resulting in a nonmigratory phenotype. These results suggest that the antimetastatic potential of DATS for human melanoma cells might be due to the disruption of integrin/FAK signaling pathway.
ASPRE trial: performance of screening for preterm pre‐eclampsia
Authors: Rolnik D. L. , Wright D. , Poon L. C. Y. , Syngelaki A. , O'Gorman N. , de Paco Matallana C. , Akolekar R. , Cicero S. , Janga D. , Singh M. , Molina F. S. , Persico N. , Jani J. C. , Plasencia W. , Papaioannou G. , Tenenbaum‐Gavish K. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo examine the performance of screening for preterm and term pre‐eclampsia (PE) in the study population participating in the ASPRE (Combined Multimarker Screening and Randomized Patient Treatment with Aspirin for Evidence‐Based Preeclampsia Prevention) trial.MethodsThis was a prospective first‐trimester multicenter study on screening for preterm PE in 26 941 singleton pregnancies by means of an algorithm that combines maternal factors, mean arterial pressure, uterine artery pulsatility index and maternal serum pregnancy‐associated plasma protein‐A and placental growth factor at 11–13 weeks' gestation. Eligible women with an estimated risk for preterm PE of > 1 in 100 were invited to participate in a double‐blind trial of aspirin (150 mg per day) vs placebo from 11–14 until 36 weeks' gestation, which showed that, in the aspirin group, the incidence of preterm PE was reduced by 62%. In the screened population, the detection rates (DRs) and false‐positive rates (FPRs) for delivery with PE < 37 and ≥ 37 weeks were estimated after adjustment for the effect of aspirin in those receiving this treatment. We excluded 1144 (4.2%) pregnancies because of loss to follow‐up or study withdrawal (n = 716), miscarriage (n = 243) or termination (n = 185).ResultsThe study population of 25 797 pregnancies included 180 (0.7%) cases of preterm PE, 450 (1.7%) of term PE and 25 167 (97.6%) without PE. In combined first‐trimester screening for preterm PE with a risk cut‐off of 1 in 100, the DR was 76.7% (138/180) for preterm PE and 43.1% (194/450) for term PE, at screen‐positive rate of 10.5% (2707/25 797) and FPR of 9.2% (2375/25 797).ConclusionThe performance of screening in the ASPRE study was comparable with that of a study of approximately 60 000 singleton pregnancies used for development of the algorithm; in that study, combined screening detected 76.6% of cases of preterm PE and 38.3% of term PE at a FPR of 10%. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Post‐hospitalization Treatment Regimen and Readmission for C. difficile Colitis in Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Psoinos Charles M. , Collins Courtney E. , Ayturk M. Didem , Anderson Frederick A. , Santry Heena P. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundC. difficile (CDI) has surpassed methicillin‐resistant staph aureus as the most common nosocomial infection with recurrence reaching 30% and the elderly being disproportionately affected. We hypothesized that post‐discharge antibiotic therapy for continued CDI treatment reduces readmissions.Study designWe queried a 5% random sample of Medicare claims (2009–2011 Part A and Part D; n = 864,604) for hospitalizations with primary or secondary diagnosis of CDI. We compared demographics, comorbidities, and post‐discharge CDI treatment (no CDI treatment, oral metronidazole only, oral vancomycin only, or both) between patients readmitted with a primary diagnosis of CDI within 90 days and patients not readmitted for any reason using univariate tests of association and multivariable models.ResultsOf 7042 patients discharged alive, 945 were readmitted ≤90 days with CDI (13%), while 1953 were not readmitted for any reason (28%). Patients discharged on dual therapy had the highest rates of readmission (50%), followed by no post‐discharge CDI treatment (43%), vancomycin only (28%), and metronidazole only (19%). Patients discharged on only metronidazole (OR 0.28) or only vancomycin (OR 0.42) had reduced odds of 90‐day readmission compared to patients discharged on no CDI treatment. Patients discharged on dual therapy did not vary in odds of readmission.ConclusionsThirteen percent of patients discharged with CDI are readmitted within 90 days. Patients discharged with single‐drug therapy for CDI had lower readmission rates compared to patients discharged on no ongoing CDI treatment suggesting that short‐term monotherapy may be beneficial in inducing eradication and preventing relapse. Half of patients requiring dual therapy required readmission, suggesting patients with symptoms severe enough to warrant discharge on dual therapy may benefit from longer hospitalization.
A Novel Prognostic Scoring System Using Inflammatory Response Biomarkers for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Hirahara Noriyuki , Tajima Yoshitsugu , Fujii Yusuke , Yamamoto Tetsu , Hyakudomi Ryoji , Hirayama Takanori , Taniura Takahito , Ishitobi Kazunari , Kidani Akihiko , Kawabata Yasunari 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundWe describe a novel scoring system, namely the inflammatory response biomarker (IRB) score. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical value of IRB score in patients undergoing curative resection for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent curative esophagectomy. We evaluated IRB score in both non‐elderly (<70 years) and elderly (≥70 years) SCC patients. The IRB score was determined as follows: a high lymphocyte‐to‐monocyte ratio (LMR) (>4), a high neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (>1.6), and a low platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (<147) were each scored as 1, and the remaining values were scored as 0; the individual scores were then summed to produce the IRB score (range 0−3).ResultsUnivariate analyses demonstrated that the TNM pStage (p < 0.0001), tumor size (p = 0.002), LMR (p = 0.0057), PLR (p = 0.0328) and IRB score (p = 0.0003) were significant risk factors for a worse prognosis. On multivariate analysis, the TNM pStage (p < 0.0001) and IRB score (p = 0.0227) were independently associated with worse prognosis in overall patients. Among non‐elderly patients, multivariate analyses demonstrated that the pStage (p = 0.0015) and IRB score (p = 0.0356) were independent risk factors for a worse prognosis. Among elderly patients, multivariate analysis demonstrated that the pStage (p = 0.0016), and IRB score (p = 0.0102) were independent risk factors for a worse prognosis.ConclusionThe present study provides evidence that the preoperative IRB score can be considered a promising independent prognostic factor of cancer‐specific survival in patients undergoing curative resection for SCC, and that its predictive ability is useful in both non‐elderly and elderly patients.
Whose Turn? Chromosome Research and the Study of the Human Genome
Authors: de Chadarevian Soraya 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA common account sees the human genome sequencing project of the 1990s as a “natural outgrowth” of the deciphering of the double helical structure of DNA in the 1950s. The essay aims to complicate this neat narrative by putting the spotlight on the field of human chromosome research that flourished at the same time as molecular biology. It suggests that we need to consider both endeavors – the human cytogeneticists who collected samples and looked down the microscope and the molecular biologists who probed the molecular mechanisms of gene function – to understand the rise of the human genome sequencing project and the current genomic practices. In particular, it proposes that what has often been described as the “molecularization” of cytogenetics could equally well be viewed as the turn of molecular biologists to human and medical genetics – a field long occupied by cytogeneticists. These considerations also have implications for the archives that are constructed for future historians and policy makers.
Experimental Investigation of the Mechanism of Foaming Agent Concentration Affecting Foam Stability
Authors: Wang Hetang , Li Jia , Wang Zhan , Wang Deming , Zhan Hanhui 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWith the aim of determining the effect of foaming agent concentration (FAC) on foam stability, the half‐life of a selection of typical foaming agents was investigated at different concentrations using the FoamScan® instrument. The surface tension of the bulk solution after foaming was tested using a surface tension meter. The FAC had a significant effect on foam stability at concentrations <1%, and a weak relationship at concentrations >1%. A significant turning point in the plot of foam stability versus FAC indicated maximum foam stability. The concentration at this point was defined as the optimal stability concentration, which is a guide in foam application. The micelles were thermodynamically unstable at low concentrations and degraded into surfactant solution, but were extremely stable at high surfactant concentrations that did not affect the stability of the foam. A turning point was also observed in the plot of surface tension versus FAC, beyond which the surface tension remained constant; the concentration at this point was defined as the no spherical micelle concentration. The influence of FAC on foam stability is explained in terms of mean bubble diameter (dmb) and bubble size distribution.