bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ADHD “Symptomatic contamination” in dual pathology (II): Specific analysis of the “Sym_Con” sample
Authors: Pino Calderon F.J. , Zoido Ramos J.M. , Gutierrez Casares J.R. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionThe general data of this sample were presented in “ADHD symptomatic contamination in a Dual Pathology (I): General Analysis of the Sym_Con Sample”. We evaluated the presence of symptomatic contamination by ADHD in a SUD group compared with a group of non-consumers adults (parents of children treated in a CAP unit).Objective and aimsDescribe more specifically the peculiarities of the sample Sym_Con according to the type of substance consumption (Alcohol [n = 65], Cocaine [n = 48], Cannabis [n = 49] assessing the presence of ADHD symptomatic contamination.MethodsWe use differents Visual Analogical Scales plus the WURS, BDI, and Exploratory Lists of symptoms of ADHD.ResultsAs can be seen in Fig. 1 and 2, the subgroup of Alcohol has a poorer “scalar” status with worse general state, more sadness and anxiety, being the subgroup of cocaine the most “suspicious”. The presence of ADHD-symptomatic contamination is more noticeable in the Cannabis subgroup.ConclusionsADHD symptomatic contamination in our Sym_Con sample is frequent, being the cannabis subgroup the more contaminated one. More studies that corroborate the results obtained in this sample are required.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Interest of admission clinical and paraclinical examinations for the detection of organic comorbidities in psychiatry
Authors: Turki M. , Halouani N. , Hamza N. , Naoui R. , Gassara I. , Aloulou J. , Amami O. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionSomatic comorbidities in patients with mental disorders have become an important issue. They complicate therapeutic management and aggravate the prognosis.ObjectivesOutline the nature of somatic disorders observed in psychiatry and assess the different interactions between psychiatric pathologies and organic diseases.MethodsWe conducted a descriptive retrospective study including 60 patients hospitalized in a psychiatry department during 2 years (2013 and 2014). We included patients having presented a somatic disorder at their admission. Data collection was based on psychiatric and clinical observations.ResultsAt the admission, somatic examination was abnormal in 53.3% of cases: skin abnormalities 28.3%; blood pressure abnormalities 8.3%. An abnormality of the initial biological tests has been reported in 51.7% of patients: leukocytosis 18.3%; liver test abnormalities 13.3%; hematologic abnormalities 8.3%. The electro-cardiograph was pathologic in 35% of cases. These anomalies have required advices from medical and surgical services: cardiology 33.3%; endocrinology 10%, orthopedics 10%. The relationship between somatic and psychiatric pathology was: a comorbidity: 55%; a side effect of psychotropic drug: 5%; an organic origin of the psychiatric disorder: 6.6% and a somatic disorder secondary to the psychiatric pathology: 10%. In the course of this investigation, 6.6% of patients were transferred urgently to a specialist department, the psychotropic treatment was stopped in 10% of cases, and a therapeutic adjustment was necessary in 6.6% of cases.ConclusionOur study confirms the importance of somatic assessment of patients with mental illnesses. This must be a systematic practice in order to detect in time patients at risk of somatic complications.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Impact of a type-D personality on clinical and psychometric properties of patients with a first myocardial infarction in a Turkish sample
Authors: Annagür B. , Demir K. , Avcı A. , Uygur Ö. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveRecent studies have shown that a Type D personality is associated with an increased risk of cardiac mortality. This study aimed to examine impact of a Type D personality on clinical and psychometric properties of patients with a first myocardial infarction (MI) in a Turkish sample.MethodThe study included 131 patients who were admitted to the coronary care unit of a hospital with a first MI. All the patients underwent a psychiatric assessment within 2–6 months post-MI. Psychiatric interviews were conducted with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I).ResultsThe first study group (Type D personality) included 50 patients, and the second study group (non-Type D personality) included 81 patients. There was a 38.2% prevalence of the Type D personality in the patients with a first MI. Those with this type of personality had a significantly higher frequency of hypertension and stressful life events. The Type D patients also had more psychiatric disorders, depressive disorders, and anxiety disorders than the non-Type D patients.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that Type D personality traits may increase the risk of hypertension and the risk of psychiatric morbidity in patients with a first MI. Considering that a Type D personality is a stable trait; we suggest that this type of personality is a facilitator of clinical depression and anxiety disorders. These findings emphasize the importance of screening for a Type D personality as a cardiovascular risk marker and a psychiatric risk marker in MI patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Depression, somatic complaints and medical help-seeking in a Romanian sample
Authors: Giurgi-Oncu C. , Bredicean C. , Giurgi-Oncu F. , Romosan R. , Ienciu M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionDepression as a disorder, with all its intensities and clinical forms, requires to be projected on the backdrop of human suffering. In evaluating a depressive episode of a somatically ill person, it is important to assess personality and social context as a whole.ObjectivesTo establish the degree of somatic comorbidity/somatization in depressive patients and the correlation with their social support network.AimsTo recommend cost-effective psycho-social interventions to offer relief and support.MethodWe evaluated 60 patients with depression of various etiologies (Recurrent depressive disorder, Paranoid-depressive disorder, Anxious-depressive disorder). Self-report and observer rating scales were used (SCL-90, Beck, Hamilton) along with a suplimentary consult (where required) by different specialists. Direct observations were made regarding the social support network, in terms of evaluating their scale and efficiency.ResultsThe majority of patients included showed an obvious inconsistency in terms of objective and subjective symptoms, correlated with the lack of an adequate social support network. This resulted in more medical help-seeking, a polymorphic array of somatic symptoms, oscillations of somatic complaints, some showing lack of adherence and only mild improvement with psychotropic therapy. Most of the somatized complaints were gastro-intestinal, respiratory, pain-related and pseudo-neurological, with an increased overall evidence-based cardio-vascular comorbidity.ConclusionsWe suggest that in order to help support patients and ensure fluidization of medical services, mental health care could also be delivered effectively in primary care settings, through community-based programmes and task shifting approaches that engage and support skilled non-specialist health professionals, lay workers, affected individuals, and caregivers (Kakuma, 2011).Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Anxiety, depression, poor life-style choices, coronary event - Which causes which?
Authors: Jendricko T. , Radic K. , Vincelj J. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionVarious risk factors for development of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have been discovered. ACS has numerous consequences, including physical and mental health disturbances.AimTo distinguish mental health consequences and risk factors for ACS.ObjectivesTo explore the interdependence between poor life-style choices (physical inactivity, cigarette smoking, unhealthy diet, alcohol consumption) and development of anxiety or depressive disorders 1 month and 6 months after ACS.MethodsFollow-up study on 120 subjects with ACS, retested after 1 and 6 months. Existence of previous or actual mental disorders were excluded in the first phase.InstrumentsMini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, questionnaire of general sociodemographic data and life-style factors, Acute Stress Disorder Interview and Clinician-administered PTSD Scale. Lipid levels and BMI were tracked.ResultsAfter 1 month 27.5% of the subjects had acute stress disorder (ASD) and 13,8% had major depressive disorder (MDD). After 6 months, 37.5% subjects had PTSD and 27.3% had MDD. Alcohol consumption showed to be predictive for development of MDD in the second phase (P = 0.002; OR = 2.48), and physical inactivity showed to be predictive for development of comorbidity of MDD and ASD in the second phase (P = 0.036; OR = 100.00).ConclusionCardiovascular disorders can cause anxious & depressive disorders in frequent alcohol consumers and physically inactive subjects. Since depression, anxiety, physical inactivity, and alcohol consumption cannot only be considered as risk factors for cardiovascular disorders, but also be seen as a consequence of cardiovascular disorders, strategies for primary and secondary prevention of coronary events should include a greater concern for mental health as well.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Prevention of postoperative delirium - A prospective nurse-led intervention on surgical wards in a general hospital
Authors: Kratz T. , Diefenbacher A. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveDelirium is a frequent postoperative complication in older and cognitively impaired patients in general hospitals. Delirium is associated with prolonged hospital stay as well as with an increased risk of nursing home placement after discharge. We wanted to study whether the implementation of a specialized delirium nurse on a surgical ward leads to a reduction in the frequency of postoperative delirium.MethodsIn an open-label study on two surgical wards of a general hospital, first the prevalence rate of postoperative delirium in patients older than 70 years was assessed (March to August 2011). During the following intervention phase (September 2011 to June 2012), a trained geriatric nurse implemented delirium-preventative measures in accordance with the Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP). The second surgical ward provided standard treatment as usual as an in-house control.ResultsOverall 20.2%, 95% CI [14.6, 26.4] of patients on both wards without special intervention developed postoperative delirium. By implementing preoperative screening measures and specific interventions by a delirium nurse, the incidence of postoperative delirium was reduced to 4.9%, 95% CI [0.0, 11.5]. The interventions were validation, improving sleep quality, cognitive activation, early mobilisation, improving sensory perception and optimising food and fluid intake. Most important predictors of postoperative delirium were Mini Mental Status Exam results, age and preoperative infection.ConclusionThe establishment of a specialised delirium nurse as well as the implementation of simple preoperative care measures increased postoperative attention, cognitive activation and is associated significantly with reducing risk of postoperative delirium in older and cognitively impaired inpatients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Alternative treatment options for lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Authors: López-Romeo S. , Ledesma-Iparraguirre G. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionLithium is currently a drug of choice for treating persons with bipolar disorder and is widely used in this population. Approximately, 30% of patients taking lithium experience at least one episode of lithium toxicity. Treatment of acute toxicity involves correction of electrolyte abnormalities, volume repletion followed by forced diuresis, and dialysis in severe cases. A case report is described and it is reviewed some alternative treatment options before considering withdrawal of lithium treatment in lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.Case reportA 58-year-old woman diagnosed of hypertension and bipolar disorder for 20 years. At first, she was controlled with valproic acid until she suffered a manic episode which required a mood stabilizer switch. She started a treatment with lithium 1200 mg/day and olanzapine to 10 mg/day and was completely recovered. After a year of stabilization, olanzapine was retired and she maintained stabilized with lithium 1000 mg/day during last 17 years. During last 8 months, she suffered polydipsia and polyuria (4 L/day). She was diagnosed of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Some measures like liquid restriction, lithium monodose and low sodium diet were carried out, obtaining a partial response. Taking into account, she was stabilised with lithium for many years, it was decided to introduce hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg/day, clinical and analytical resolution of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus was obtained. A year later, she maintains psychopathological stabilization, without any lithium secondary effects.ConclusionSome treatment options for lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus could be introducing thiazides, amiloride, indomethacin, desmopressin or carbamazepine, instead of withdrawal lithium.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Affective disorders in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Said M. , Ouanes S. , Nefzi R. , Aissa A. , Maatallah H. , Ben Ammar H. , El-Hechmi Z. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundPsychiatric disorders have a remarquable frequency in multiple sclerosis. The leading group of these disorders consists of affective disorders. These psychiatric conditions can worsen the outcome of multiple sclerosis, thus contributing to increase the burden of the disease to both patients and relatives. Managing such a complicated situation needs a focus on the underlying links between affective disorders and multiple sclerosis.ObjectiveTo examine the hypotheses proposed to explain the high prevalence of affective disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis.MethodsLiterature was reviewed using the Medline database and the following keywords “bipolar disorder” “affective disorder”, “mania” and “multiple sclerosis”.ResultsPubMed research returned 13 results. After manual inspection, 10 articles were retained and examined. The cause of the high comorbidity between multiple sclerosis and mood disorders is regarded as being multifactorial: the medication used in multiple sclerosis possibly inducing/exacerbating mood disturbances, the demyelinazing brain lesions which could bring about depression or mania, genetic overlapping with affective disorders and last the psychological reactions and adjustment difficulties to the neurological handicap.ConclusionDespite the fact that the higher prevalence of affective disorders in multiple sclerosis is well established, these disorders still remain underdiagnosed and undertreated. A shift towards a better assessment of the psychiatric comorbidity in multiple sclerosis patients and the optimal treatment of those disorders is fundamental.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Consultation liaison psychiatry in Talavera's hospital during the year 2014
Authors: Palomo Monge M. , Sandra D.C. , Maria Fernanda A.L. , David G.M. , Maria Fernanda T.G. , Arántzazu D.D. , Silvia S.D.L.P. , Rubén O.B. , Beatriz L.D.L. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAnalyze the number of interdepartmental consultations carried out at Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Nuestra Señora del Prado from other areas of hospitalization during 2014.ObjectivesThe goal is to evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients who are hospitalized for other reasons, and which services are needed the most.MethodsRetrospective cross-sectional descriptive study. A record of consultations carried out by the psychiatry service in 2014 was collected. The data were analyzed according to the origin of the consultation service, the month when it was performed and the sex of the patient. The monthly percentage of interconsultations and the percentage represented by each interconsultation service were calculated. They classified according to sex.ResultsIn 2014, 211 interconsultations were carried out, 104 men and 86 women. Surgery 16, 11%, pneumology 13, 74%, internal medicine 12, 32%, traumatology 8, 06%, digestive 7, 11%), I.C.U. 6, 64%, cardiology 6, 16%, hematology 5, 69%, oncology 5, 21%, pediatrics 4, 27%, gynecology 2, 84%, emergency 1, 90%, palliative1, 90%, endocrinology 1, 42%, urology 1, 42, nephrology 0, 95%, E.N.T. 0, 95%, obstetrics 0, 47%, dermatology 0%, ophthalmology 0%, rheumatology 0%. January 12, 8%, February 13%, March 9, 5%, April 6, 2%, May 5, 7%, June 8, 1%, July 6, 2%, August 4, 3%, September 8, 1%, October 12%, November 7, 6%, December 6, 2%.ConclusionsMost of the interconsultations were carried out in January, February and October. However, August was the least busy month. The busiest service was the Surgery service, followed by the Pneumology and Internal Medicine one. There were no interconsultations of the Ophthalmology, Rheumatology and Dermatology services. The consults were in demand mainly by men rather than women.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Low-FODMAP-diet in irritable bowel syndrome offers benefits not only in terms of gastrointestinal symptoms, but also in terms of psychopathology in the medium- and long-term
Authors: Piacentino D. , Rossi S. , Piretta L. , Badiali D. , Pallotta N. , Corazziari E.S. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionLow-FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols) diets are strongly recommended to improve irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. They are also hypothesized to improve the psychopathological status that often accompanies the syndrome. A study (Ledochowski et al., 2000) suggested that the ingestion of FODMAPs affected negatively the mood and that the elimination of dietary FODMAPs improved depressive symptoms.Objectives/aimsWe aimed to assess the levels of psychopathology pre- and post-diet in IBS patients free of any severe psychiatric disease (e.g., bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia) or alcohol/substance abuse.MethodsWe consecutively recruited 75 IBS outpatients (68% females; age range = 21–68 years) at the Gastrointestinal Outpatient Center of our University Hospital. They filled out the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), a visual analogue scale (VAS) to rate the intensity of abdominal bloating/pain, and a 2-week diary card registering the frequency of bloating/pain. Then, they were blindly assigned to a low-FODMAP diet, a low-FODMAP gluten-free diet and a control diet for 4 weeks. During the last 2 weeks they filled out a 2nd diary card and rerated the intensity of bloating/pain. Patients were reassessed after a 16-month follow-up. Independent t-test, χ2 test, and one-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test were used.ResultsBaseline characteristics did not differ between the three groups. Post-diet and at follow-up, the two low-FODMAP diets, vs. the test diet, improved not only the intensity and frequency of bloating/pain, but also the SCL-90-R GSI, anxiety, and phobic anxiety scores (P-values < 0.05).ConclusionsThe low-FODMAP diet may improve psychopathology in IBS patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
EV435Life satisfaction and enjoyment in medication-overuse headache patients: The role of depression and insomnia
Authors: Pompili M. , Paolo G. , Martelletti P. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionEpidemiological research has documented a strong association between medication-overuse headache (MOH)and psychiatric disorders, emotional disturbances, and disordered personality traits, which are associated with worse outcomes, poorer quality of life, and higher costs to the health care system.ObjectivesIdentifying risk factors for progression of headache into MOH represents one of the most relevant public health priorities and psychiatric comorbidity has been identified as a potential factor related to chronic phases.AimsThe aim of the present study was to determine whether depression and insomnia complaints were associated with satisfaction and enjoyment with one's own life in Medication-overuse headache (MOH) patients, and whether insomnia complaints were able to explain part of the variance of QoL explained by depression.MethodsParticipants were 187 consecutive adult outpatients admitted to the outpatient headache clinic. Patients were administered the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), the Beck Depression Inventory–II (BDI-II), and the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS).ResultsThe BDI was associated with all the dimensions of the Q-LES-Q, with more severe depression being associated independently with lower satisfaction and enjoyment with one's own life. The AIS was independently and significantly associated only with physical health, such that patients with more insomnia complaints were 3.1 times (P < 0.001) more likely to report lower physical health satisfaction.ConclusionsOur findings confirmed that MOH has a negative impact on quality of life, and suggested that depression and insomnia were independently associated with satisfaction and enjoyment of life in MOH patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The impact of traditional healers on the treatment of psychotic patents in Alexandria, Egypt
Authors: Darwish S. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionPsychotic symptoms in the Egyptian community have always been mixed up with supernatural phenomena. This makes patients and their families seek help from traditional healers who can abuse them physically, financially and sexually.AimThe aim of the study was to assess the impact of the traditional healers on the psychotic patients in the Egyptian community.ObjectivesTo measure the percentage of patients going to traditional healers and how much they pay and for how long.MethodsThe study was conducted on a total of 555 psychotic patients. Four hundred and fifty-five psychotic patients from the Mamoura Mental state Hospital and 100 psychotic patients from a private hospital in Alexandria in duration of three months in 2006. A special questionnaire was designed and was run for all patients and their families.ResultsA total of 67.4% of male patients consulted healers while 88.4% of the females consulted healers. Only 9.4% of the females who went to the healers were highly educated compared to 19.7% of the male patients. The majority of the patients who improved were illiterate or can only read and write. Lower socioeconomic groups tend to have a higher percentage in consulting healers and a longer duration of staying in treatment with them. Although therapy at the first session tended to be for free, from the second session forward patients pay more than they would pay seeing a psychiatrist.ConclusionsTraditional healers have a negative impact on the psychiatry practice and are sources of patient's abuse in Egypt.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied their declaration of competing interest.