bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Book Review: Achin Vanik, After the Bomb and Ali Ahmed, India’s Doctrine Puzzle—Limiting War in South Asia
Authors: Nayan Rajiv 
Published: November 2017

Achin Vanik, After the Bomb. New Delhi: Orient BlackSwan. 2015. 213 pages. ₹575. Ali Ahmed, India’s Doctrine Puzzle—Limiting War in South Asia. New Delhi: Routledge. 2014. 240 pages. ₹695.
Abnormal Pain Response After a Compensable Shoulder Injury
Authors: Razmjou Helen , Boljanovic Dragana , Elmaraghy Amr , Macritchie Iona , Roknic Carolyn , Medeiros Danielle , Richards Robin R. 
Published: November 2017

Background: The role of psychosocial factors has been established in patients with shoulder abnormalities. However, the prevalence of exaggerated pain behaviors and their association with the characteristics of injured workers have not been well studied. Purpose: To examine the prevalence of abnormal pain responses (APRs) in workers with active workers’ compensation claims for a shoulder injury and to examine the differences between workers with APRs versus workers without APRs. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: An analysis of electronic data files of injured workers was completed. An APR was defined as an exaggerated pain response during a clinical examination, including facial grimacing, shaking, withdrawal, nonanatomic dermatome or myotome disturbances, increased tenderness, regional symptoms, and verbal utterances such as groaning, moaning, or gasping. To control for potential confounders, patients with positive APRs (APR group) were matched with injured workers without APRs (control group) seen in the same clinic and matched for sex, age, and surgical candidacy. Results: Data from 1000 workers who had sustained a shoulder injury at work and who were referred for an early assessment by an orthopaedic surgeon and a physical therapist were reviewed. A total of 86 (9%) injured workers (mean age, 47 ± 11 years; 55 [64%] female) demonstrated APRs and were matched with 86 injured workers without APRs. There were no statistically significant between-group differences in the wait time, mechanism of injury, coexisting comorbidity, type of abnormality, or medication consumption. The APR group reported higher levels of disability ( P < .0001) and psychological problems ( P < .0001), presented with more inconsistency in range of motion ( P = .04), and had more limitations at work ( P = .02). Conclusion: The presence of an APR after a compensable shoulder injury was associated with higher reports of disability and psychological problems. Patients with positive APRs were more likely to be off work and less likely to perform full duties.
Oral and Blood Neutrophil Activation States during Experimental Gingivitis
Authors: Wellappuli N.C. , Fine N. , Lawrence H.P. , Goldberg M. , Tenenbaum H.C. , Glogauer M. 
Published: November 2017

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are the primary leukocytes present in the healthy and inflamed oral cavity. While unique PMN activation states have been shown to differentiate health and periodontitis, little is known about the changes in PMN activation states that occur during the transition from periodontal health to gingivitis. The objective of this study was to characterize oral and circulatory PMNs during induction and resolution of experimental gingivitis. Healthy volunteers were recruited to undergo experimental gingivitis. Clinical assessment of pocket depths, bleeding on probing, gingival index, and plaque index, as well as flow cytometric analysis of CD (cluster of differentiation) activation markers on blood and oral PMNs, was performed weekly. All clinical parameters increased significantly during the induction period and returned to baseline levels during the resolution phase. During the induction phase, while oral PMN counts increased, oral PMN activation state based on surface expression of CD63, CD11b, CD16, and CD14 was diminished compared to those seen in health and during the resolution phase. PMNs in circulation during onset showed increased activation based on CD55, CD63, CD11b, and CD66a. Using clinical parameters and oral PMN counts assessed at day 21, we noted 2 unique disease patterns where one-third of subjects displayed an exaggerated influx of oral PMNs with severe inflammation compared to the majority of the population who experienced a moderate level of inflammation and PMN influx. This supports the notion that PMN influx and severe inflammatory changes during gingivitis could identify subjects at risk for the development of severe gingival inflammation and progression toward destructive periodontitis. This study demonstrates that oral PMN activation states are reduced in gingivitis and suggest that only in periodontitis do PMNs become hyperactivated and tissue damaging. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Our article creates a paradigm for future studies of the evolution of essential oral and circulatory biomarkers to identify individuals at risk to develop periodontitis at an early stage of periodontal disease, which is reversible upon proper oral hygiene practices and dental treatments.
Prochemerin cleavage by factor XIa links coagulation and inflammation
Authors: Ge Xiaomei , Yamaguchi Yasuto , Zhao Lei , Bury Loredana , Gresele Paolo , Berube Caroline , Leung Lawrence L. , Morser John 
Published: November 2017

Key PointsInactive prochemerin is activated in plasma by coagulation enzymes to active chemerin forms that are adipokines and chemoattractants. FXIa cleaves prochemerin, forming a partially active intermediate that is then fully activated by plasma basic carboxypeptidases.
Chromatin modifying gene mutations in follicular lymphoma
Authors: Green Michael R. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Follicular lymphoma (FL) is an indolent malignancy of germinal center B cells. Although the overall survival of FL patients has recently improved with the introduction of novel therapies, there is significant heterogeneity in patient outcome and a need for rationally designed therapeutic strategies that target disease biology. Next-generation sequencing studies have identified chromatin modifying gene (CMG) mutations as a hallmark of FL, highlighting epigenetic modifiers as an attractive therapeutic target in this disease. Understanding the complex roles of these mutations will be central to identifying and adaptively targeting associated vulnerabilities. Recent studies have provided insight into the functional consequences of the most frequently mutated CMGs (KMT2D, CREBBP, and EZH2) and point to a role for these events in modifying normal B-cell differentiation programs and impeding germinal center exit. However, the majority of FL tumors serially acquire multiple CMG mutations, suggesting that there is a level of cross talk or cooperation between these events that has not yet been defined. Here, I review the current state of knowledge on CMG mutations in FL, discuss their potential as therapeutic targets, and offer my perspective on unexplored areas that should be considered in the future.
CD38-bispecific antibody pretargeted radioimmunotherapy for multiple myeloma and other B-cell malignancies
Authors: Green Damian J. , O’Steen Shyril , Lin Yukang , Comstock Melissa L. , Kenoyer Aimee L. , Hamlin Donald K. , Wilbur D. Scott , Fisher Darrell R. , Nartea Margaret , Hylarides Mark D. , Gopal Ajay K. , Gooley Theodore A. , Orozco Johnnie J. , Till Brian G. , Orcutt Kelly D. , Wittrup K. Dane , Press Oliver W. 
Published: November 2017

Key PointsA novel bispecific antibody against CD38 eradicates MM and NHL tumors in murine models. CD38-bispecific antibody pretargeting addresses limitations associated with radioimmunotherapy.
Can Chemotherapy-Related Acute Care Visits Be Accurately Identified in Administrative Data?
Authors: Krzyzanowska Monika K. , Enright Katherine , Moineddin Rahim , Yun Lingsong , Powis Melanie , Ghannam Mohammed , Grunfeld Eva 
Published: November 2017

Purpose: There is increasing interest in using administrative data to examine treatment-related complications that lead to emergency department (ED) visits or hospitalizations (H). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of billing codes for identifying chemotherapy-related acute care visits (CRVs) among women with early-stage breast cancer. Materials and Methods: The cohort was identified by using deterministically linked health databases and consisted of women who were diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer who started adjuvant chemotherapy between 2007 and 2009 in Ontario, Canada. A random sample of 496 patient cases was chosen as the validation cohort. Sensitivity (SN) and specificity (SP) were calculated for three scenarios: chemotherapy-related ED visit, chemotherapy-related H, and febrile neutropenia (FN)–related visit. For FN-related visits, three definitions were considered: general, moderate, and strict. Results: The administrative cohort consisted of 8,359 patients, 43.4% of whom had at least one ED or H, including 1,496 women who had multiple visits that resulted in 6,293 unique visits. Of these, 73.1% were considered CRVs. The algorithm performed well in identifying CRVs that included H either from ED (SN, 90%; SP, 100%) or directly from home (SN, 91%; SP, 93%), but less well for ED visits that did not result in H (SN, 65%; SP, 80%). Depending on which FN algorithm was used, 4.8% to 24% of visits were considered related. The moderate FN algorithm provided the best tradeoff between SN (69% to 97%) and SP (83% to 98%). Conclusion: Administrative data can be valuable in evaluating chemotherapy-related serious events. Algorithm validation in other cohorts is needed.
Health Reform and Utilization of High-Volume Hospitals for Complex Cancer Operations
Authors: Loehrer Andrew P. , Chang David C. , Song Zirui , Chang George J. 
Published: November 2017

Purpose: Underinsured patients are less likely to receive complex cancer operations at hospitals with high surgical volumes (high-volume hospitals, or HVHs), which contributes to disparities in care. To date, the impact of insurance coverage expansion on site of complex cancer surgery remains unknown. Methods: Using the 2006 Massachusetts coverage expansion as a natural experiment, we searched the Hospital Cost and Utilization Project state inpatient databases for Massachusetts and control states (New York, New Jersey, and Florida) between 2001 and 2011 to evaluate changes in the utilization of HVHs for resections of bladder, esophageal, stomach, pancreatic, rectal, or lung cancer after the expansion of insurance coverage. We studied nonelderly, adult patients with private insurance and those with government-subsidized or self-pay (GSSP) coverage with a difference-in-differences framework. Results: We studied 11,687 patients in Massachusetts and 56,300 patients in control states. Compared with control states, the 2006 Massachusetts insurance expansion was associated with a 14% increased rate of surgical intervention for GSSP patients (incident rate ratio, 1.14; P = .015), but there was no significant change in the probability of GSSP patients undergoing surgery at an HVH (1.0 percentage-point increase; P = .710). The reform was associated with no change in the uninsured payer-mix at HVHs (0.6 percentage-point increase; P = .244) and with a 5.1 percentage-point decrease for the uninsured payer mix at low-volume hospitals ( P < .001). Conclusion: The 2006 Massachusetts insurance expansion, a model for the Affordable Care Act, was associated with increased rates of complex cancer operations and increased insurance coverage but with no change in utilization of HVH for complex cancer operations.
Clues for Polygenic Inheritance of Pituitary Stalk Interruption Syndrome From Exome Sequencing in 20 Patients
Authors: Zwaveling-Soonawala Nitash , Alders Marielle , Jongejan Aldo , Kovačič Lidija , Duijkers Floor A , Maas Saskia M , Fliers Eric , van Trotsenburg A S Paul , Hennekam Raoul C 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Context
Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) consists of a small/absent anterior pituitary lobe, an interrupted/absent pituitary stalk, and an ectopic posterior pituitary lobe. Mendelian forms of PSIS are detected infrequently (&lt;5%), and a polygenic etiology has been suggested. GLI2 variants have been reported at a relatively high frequency in PSIS.

Objective
To provide further evidence for a non-Mendelian, polygenic etiology of PSIS.

Methods
Exome sequencing (trio approach) in 20 patients with isolated PSIS. In addition to searching for (potentially) pathogenic de novo and biallelic variants, a targeted search was performed in a panel of genes associated with midline brain development (223 genes). For GLI2 variants, both (potentially) pathogenic and relatively rare variants (&lt;5% in the general population) were studied. The frequency of GLI2 variants was compared with that of a reference population.

Results
We found four additional candidate genes for isolated PSIS (DCHS1, ROBO2, CCDC88C, and KIF14) and one for syndromic PSIS (KAT6A). Eleven GLI2 variants were present in six patients. A higher frequency of a combination of two GLI2 variants (M1352V + D1520N) was found in the study group compared with a reference population (10% vs 0.68%). (Potentially) pathogenic variants were identified in genes associated with midline brain anomalies, including holoprosencephaly, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and absent corpus callosum and in genes involved in ciliopathies.

Conclusion
Combinations of variants in genes associated with midline brain anomalies are frequently present in PSIS and sustain the hypothesis of a polygenic cause of PSIS.
Σχολικός εκφοβισμός / θυματοποίηση και ΔΕΠ-Υ
Authors: Καφαλούκου Κωνσταντία 
Published: November 2017

Ο Σχολικός Εκφοβισμός είναι επαναλαμβανόμενη και με διάρκεια επιθετική συμπεριφορά, που διακρίνεται από πρόθεση, ασσυμετρία δύναμης και έχει σκοπό να προξενήσει πόνο ή δυστυχία στον πιο αδύναμο (Olweus, 1993).Θυματοποίηση είναι ένα φαινόμενο κατά το οποίο άτομο ή μια ομάδα ανθρώπων βλέπουν τους εαυτούς τους ως προσβεβλημένους κατόπιν επίθεσης, κοινωνικά αποκλεισμένους ή απομονωμένους, παρενοχλημένους, να τελούν υπό απειλή ή φοβισμένους από άλλους στο κοινωνικό τους πλαίσιο (Ortega, Del Rey, & Mora-Merchan, 2004).Οι εμπλεκόμενοι σε περιστατικά Σχολικού Εκφοβισμού ως θύτες ή ως θύματα αναφέρουν αυξημένο κίνδυνο εμφάνισης προβλημάτων υγείας και χαμηλών σχολικών επιδόσεων (Olweus, 1993).Η ΔΕΠ-Υ είναι συχνά εμφανιζόμενη διαταραχή μεταξύ των μαθητών σχολικής ηλικίας που εκδηλώνουν προβλήματα συμπεριφοράς. Τα κυρίαρχα συμπτώματά της, η ελλειμματική προσοχή, η υπερκινητικότητα και η παρορμητικότητα επηρεάζουν πολλές πτυχές της καθημερινότητας στις οποίες συμπεριλαμβάνονται και οι σχέσεις με τους συνομηλίκους (Bacchini, Affuso, & Trotta, 2008).Ο Σχολικός Εκφοβισμός/ Θυματοποίηση είναι εκδηλούμενη παρατηρήσιμη συμπεριφορά με ποικίλη αιτιολογία και συνέπειες αλλά η ΔΕΠ-Υ είναι ψυχοπαθολογική διαταραχή.Οι μαθητές που έχουν διάγνωση ΔΕΠ-Υ εμπλέκονται συχνότερα σε περιστατικά Σχολικού Εκφοβισμού από συνομηλίκους τους χωρίς αντίστοιχη διάγνωση (Kumpulainen, Rasanen, & Puura, 2001). Τα αγόρια με ΔΕΠ-Υ εμπλέκονται συχνότερα ως θύτες ενώ τα κορίτσια με ΔΕΠ-Υ συχνότερα ως θύματα (Unnever & Cornel, 2003). Οι μαθητές σχολικής ηλικίας με διάγνωση ΔΕΠ-Υ γίνονται λιγότερο αποδεκτοί από συνομηλίκους τους χωρίς διάγνωση.Εκπαιδευτικοί και γονείς μπορούν να βελτιώσουν τις κοινωνικές σχέσεις μεταξύ των παιδιών και να αντιμετωπίσουν το φαινόμενο Σχολικού Εκφοβισμού/Θυματοποίησης εφόσον αποκτήσουν γνώση των παραμέτρων φτωχών κοινωνικών δεξιοτήτων, ανάρμοστης συμπεριφοράς και μικρού ή ανύπαρκτου κύκλου φίλων που συνδέεται και με τη ΔΕΠ-Υ και με την εμπλοκή σε περιστατικά Σχολικού Εκφοβισμού/Θυματοποίησης.
Η διδασκαλία της τέχνης μέσα από τη μελέτη ενός φυσικού φαινόμενου
Authors: Μαλάμος Θωμάς 
Published: November 2017

Ένας από τους σκοπούς της εκπαίδευσης είναι μεταξύ άλλων η υιοθέτηση θετικών στάσεων και συμπεριφορών απέναντι στα έργα τέχνης, η γνωριμία, ερμηνεία, κατανόηση της ελληνικής και παγκόσμιας κληρονομιάς, ο πειραματισμός και η δημιουργία έργων τέχνης από τους ίδιους τους μαθητές. Για την επίτευξη των παραπάνω μπορεί να αξιοποιηθεί όχι μόνο το μάθημα των Εικαστικών, αλλά και ενότητες πολλών και διαφορετικών γνωστικών αντικειμένων. Σκοπός της παρούσας εισήγησης είναι να διερευνηθεί η δυνατότητα για τη διδασκαλία της τέχνης μέσα από τη διαθεματική προσέγγιση. Ως επίκεντρο της προσέγγισης αυτής επιλέχτηκε μία ενότητα από τη Μελέτη Περιβάλλοντος και συγκεκριμένα ο κύκλος του νερού. Για την επίτευξη του σκοπού της έρευνας χρησιμοποιήθηκαν τα στάδια σχεδιασμού, ανάπτυξης και υλοποίησης ενός διδακτικού σεναρίου. Περιγράφονται αναλυτικά οι στόχοι του σεναρίου, οι φάσεις της ανάπτυξής του, οι δραστηριότητες που υλοποιήθηκαν, ο τρόπος αξιολόγησής του. Η διαθεματική προσέγγιση μπορεί να δημιουργήσει ένα νέο περιβάλλον μάθησης, να συνεισφέρει σε μία εναλλακτική πορεία κατάκτησης της γνώσης με επίκεντρο τον μαθητή και τα βιώματά του.
A study on the efficacy of APACHE-IV for predicting mortality and length of stay in an intensive care unit in Iran
Authors: Ghorbani Mohammad , Ghaem Haleh , Rezaianzadeh Abbas , Shayan Zahra , Zand Farid , Nikandish Reza 
Published: November 2017

Background:Clinical assessment of disease severity is an important part of medical practice for prediction of mortality and morbidity in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). A disease severity scoring system can be used as guidance for clinicians for objective assessment of disease outcomes and estimation of the chance of recovery. This study aimed to evaluate the hypothesis that the mortality and length of stay in emergency ICUs predicted by APACHE-IV is different to the real rates of mortality and length of stay observed in our emergency ICU in Iran.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study conducted on the data of 839 consecutive patients admitted to the emergency ICU of Nemazi Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, during 2012-2015. The relevant variables were used to calculate APACHE-IV. Length of stay and death or discharge, Glasgow coma score, and acute physiology score were also evaluated. Moreover, the accuracy of APACHE-IV for mortality was assessed using area under the Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:Of the studied patients, 157 died and 682 were discharged (non-survivors and survivors, respectively). The length of stay in the ICU was 10.98±14.60, 10.22 ± 14.21 and 14.30±15.80 days for all patients, survivors, and non-survivors, respectively. The results showed that APACHE-IV model underestimated length of stay in our emergency ICU (p<0.001). In addition, the overall observed mortality was 17.8%, while the predicted mortality by APACHE-IV model was 21%. Therefore, there was an overestimation of predicted mortality by APACHE-IV model, with an absolute difference of 3.2% (p=0.036).Conclusion:The findings showed that APACHE-IV was a poor predictor of length of stay and mortality rate in emergency ICU. Therefore, specific models based on big sample sizes of Iranian patients are required to improve accuracy of predictions.
Hereafter: How Crises Shape Communities Through Learning and Institutional Legacies
Authors: Greve Henrich R. , Yue Lori Qingyuan 
Published: November 2017

Community differences in organizing capacity have been attributed to cohesion and trust among population members and from population members to organizations and have been seen as an enduring feature of communities. The experience of a crisis, and the handling of the crisis, can be seen as a test of cohesion that verifies community support of organizations or proves its absence. Using data on two bank panics 14 years apart, we explore whether a crisis event affects whether banks in a community handle the subsequent crisis through community collective action or through executing interorganizational solutions. We find that banks are less likely to seek community support when a prior financial crisis exposes the lack of trust from community members but are more likely to do so when having the experience of successfully avoiding a looming crisis. Organizational memory carries past experience into the future, and the banks that have directly experienced the absence of community trust prefer an interorganizational solution for the next financial crisis. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2017.1157 .
Assessment of Interventions to Improve Air Quality in a Livestock Building
Authors: Anthony T. Renée , Yang Anthony Y. , Peters Thomas M. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract. This study examined the effectiveness of engineering controls to reduce contaminant concentrations in a swine farrowing room during winter in the U.S. Midwest. Over two winters, changes in air quality were evaluated following installation of a 1700 m3 h-1 (1000 cfm) recirculating ventilation system to provide 5.4 air exchanges per hour. This system incorporated one of two readily available dust control systems, one based on filtration and the other on cyclonic treatment. A second treatment evaluated reductions in carbon dioxide (CO2) associated with replacement of standard, unvented gas-fired heaters with new vented heaters, installed between the two winter test periods. The concentrations of carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide were negligible in the test room. Although concentrations of ammonia increased over each winter test period, the increase was unrelated to increased air movement from the new recirculating ventilation system. The dust concentrations were significantly reduced by the ventilation system for both inhalable dust (23% to 44% with filtration, 33% with cyclone) and respirable dust (32% with filtration, 20% with cyclone), significant (p &lt; 0.024) for all except respirable dust using the cyclone (p = 0.141). The filtration unit is recommended to improve livestock building air quality because it was more effective than the cyclone unit at reducing respirable dust. Carbon dioxide concentrations were significantly lower with vented heaters (mean = 1400 ppm, SD = 330 ppm) compared to unvented heaters (mean = 2480 ppm, SD = 160 ppm). A 940 ppm reduction in CO2 was attributed to the use of the vented heater, after accounting for differences in outdoor temperatures and animal housing over both test periods. The benefits of readily available technology to significantly reduce concentrations of dust and CO2 demonstrates useful control options to improve air quality in swine buildings. Keywords: Animal feeding operation, Carbon dioxide, Dust control, Gas-fired heater, Indoor air quality, Ventilation.