bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biocaching: lazer, turismo e património
Authors: Alves Luiz , Carvalho Paulo 
Published: December 2015

Uma das dimensões mais recentes do geocaching decorre da sua utilização como ferramenta de aprendizagem no domínio da biologia (com ligação ao conjunto das ciências da v ida e da terra), assumindo a designação de biocaching. Neste particular a vinculação estreita à vertente botânica (fitogeográfica) faz desta atividade uma ferramenta a considerar designadamente nas estratégias de salvaguarda e valorização do património natural biótico, além do seu potencial como atividade de lazer ao ar livre. À guisa de abordagem preliminar, pretende-se enfatizar o enquadramento teórico-conceptual subjacente a esta temática, com uma revisão de literatura científica adequada, bem como explicitar a sua vertente empírica (que inclui a apresentação das linhas gerais de um exemplo concreto de implementação em estreita articulação às árvores notáveis/de interesse público e domínios patrimoniais complementares). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0871-1623_34_11
Turismo juvenil: notas para a compreensão da oferta/procura Spring Breaker em Portugal
Authors: Nossa Paulo Nuno , Dias Juliana Ferreira 
Published: December 2015

O Turismo juvenil assume, na atualidade uma importância crescente, não só pelo vo lume de negócios que lhe está associado, mas também pelo potencial de inovação que os jovens acrescentam à experiência de viajar. Dentro do turismo juvenil, encontramos frequentes alusões ao conceito de viagens escolares e, dentro desta tipologia, à concepção de Spring Breakers, cujas motivações e contexto organizativo carecem ainda de uma investigação sistemática orientada para o melhor conhecimento deste produto. O presente artigo propõem uma reflexão introdutória sobre o modus operandi da oferta/procura Spring Breaker em Portugal, partindo de informações colhidas na literatura e coligidas num questionário realizado em 2013. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0871-1623_34_3
Avaliação quantitativa do valor geoturístico do geopatrimónio: caso do Litoral Sul Paraibano, Brasil
Authors: Pereira Luciano Schaefer , Nogueira Helena Marques 
Published: December 2015

Uma estratégia completa de avaliação da inserção da atividade geoturística em uma determinada área baseia-se na sistematização que envolva um plano de ações sequencial: identificação, inventariação, avaliação quantitativa, classificação, conservação, valorização, divulgação e, finalmente, o monitoramento dos sítios ou locais de interesse que compõem o geopatrimónio, ou seja, aqueles elementos que representam a geodiversidade da área mapeada. Neste trabalho, propomos uma nova metodologia de avaliação quantitativa do potencial geoturístico e da necessidade de proteção de sítios, para ser aplicada no município de João Pessoa, Paraíba, e parte do litoral sul, distante 54 Km da capital. O potencial geoturístico foi determinado baseando-se em dois critérios ponderados, dos quais foram calculados seus índices de valor: valor de uso turístico, com dez indicadores, pontuados de 1 a 5, com pesos diferenciados; valor intrínseco, com sete indicadores, pontuados de 1 a 5, com pesos diferenciados. Posteriormente, a partir da necessidade de proteção dos sítios, uma vez que a atividade geoturística gera impactos onde se desenvolve, foi calculado o Índice de Vulnerabilidade dos sítios, a partir de dez indicadores, pontuados de 1 a 5, com pesos diferenciados. A Taxa de Risco Iminente, que resume aqueles sítios onde a vulnerabilidade é maior, foi calculada a partir do Índice de Vulnerabilidade, com peso 1, e dos Índices de Uso Turístico e de Valor Intrínseco que, somados, apresentavam peso 1. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0871-1623_34_6
MicroRNA Maturation and MicroRNA Target Gene Expression Regulation Are Severely Disrupted in Soybeandicer-like1Double Mutants
Authors: Curtin Shaun J , Michno Jean-Michel , Campbell Benjamin W , Gil-Humanes Javier , Mathioni Sandra M , Hammond Reza , Gutierrez-Gonzalez Juan J , Donohue Ryan C , Kantar Michael B , Eamens Andrew L , Meyers Blake C , Voytas Daniel F , Stupar Robert M 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSmall nonprotein-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) are present in most eukaryotes and are central effectors of RNA silencing-mediated mechanisms for gene expression regulation. In plants, DICER-LIKE1 (DCL1) is the founding member of a highly conserved family of RNase III-like endonucleases that function as core machinery proteins to process hairpin-like precursor transcripts into mature miRNAs, small regulatory RNAs, 21–22 nucleotides in length. Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) were used to generate single and double-mutants of putative soybean DCL1 homologs, DCL1a and DCL1b, to confirm their functional role(s) in the soybean miRNA pathway. Neither DCL1 single mutant, dcl1a or dcl1b plants, exhibited a pronounced morphological or molecular phenotype. However, the dcl1a/dcl1b double mutant expressed a strong morphological phenotype, characterized by reduced seed size and aborted seedling development, in addition to defective miRNA precursor transcript processing efficiency and deregulated miRNA target gene expression. Together, these findings indicate that the two soybean DCL1 paralogs, DCL1a and DCL1b, largely play functionally redundant roles in the miRNA pathway and are essential for normal plant development.
A Genome-Wide Screen with Nicotinamide to Identify Sirtuin-Dependent Pathways in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Choy John S , Qadri Bayan , Henry Leah , Shroff Kunal , Bifarin Olatomiwa , Basrai Munira A 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Sirtuins are evolutionarily conserved NAD-dependent deacetylases that catalyze the cleavage of NAD+ into nicotinamide (NAM), which can act as a pan-sirtuin inhibitor in unicellular and multicellular organisms. Sirtuins regulate processes such as transcription, DNA damage repair, chromosome segregation, and longevity extension in yeast and metazoans. The founding member of the evolutionarily conserved sirtuin family, SIR2, was first identified in budding yeast. Subsequent studies led to the identification of four yeast SIR2 homologs HST1, HST2, HST3, and HST4. Understanding the downstream physiological consequences of inhibiting sirtuins can be challenging since most studies focus on single or double deletions of sirtuins, and mating defects in SIR2 deletions hamper genome-wide screens. This represents an important gap in our knowledge of how sirtuins function in highly complex biological processes such as aging, metabolism, and chromosome segregation. In this report, we used a genome-wide screen to explore sirtuin-dependent processes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by identifying deletion mutants that are sensitive to NAM. We identified 55 genes in total, 36 of which have not been previously reported to be dependent on sirtuins. We find that genome stability pathways are particularly vulnerable to loss of sirtuin activity. Here, we provide evidence that defects in sister chromatid cohesion renders cells sensitive to growth in the presence of NAM. The results of our screen provide a broad view of the biological pathways sensitive to inhibition of sirtuins, and advance our understanding of the function of sirtuins and NAD+ biology.
Diversity and Divergence of Dinoflagellate Histone Proteins
Authors: Marinov Georgi K , Lynch Michael 
Published: December 2015

AbstractHistone proteins and the nucleosomal organization of chromatin are near-universal eukaroytic features, with the exception of dinoflagellates. Previous studies have suggested that histones do not play a major role in the packaging of dinoflagellate genomes, although several genomic and transcriptomic surveys have detected a full set of core histone genes. Here, transcriptomic and genomic sequence data from multiple dinoflagellate lineages are analyzed, and the diversity of histone proteins and their variants characterized, with particular focus on their potential post-translational modifications and the conservation of the histone code. In addition, the set of putative epigenetic mark readers and writers, chromatin remodelers and histone chaperones are examined. Dinoflagellates clearly express the most derived set of histones among all autonomous eukaryote nuclei, consistent with a combination of relaxation of sequence constraints imposed by the histone code and the presence of numerous specialized histone variants. The histone code itself appears to have diverged significantly in some of its components, yet others are conserved, implying conservation of the associated biochemical processes. Specifically, and with major implications for the function of histones in dinoflagellates, the results presented here strongly suggest that transcription through nucleosomal arrays happens in dinoflagellates. Finally, the plausible roles of histones in dinoflagellate nuclei are discussed.
The effects of belief in good luck and counterfactual thinking on gambling behavior
Authors: Kim So-Ra , Kwon Young-Sil , Hyun Myoung-Ho 
Published: December 2015

Background and Aims
One’s belief in good luck, and belief that it is a personal trait, could play a crucial role in gambling behavior, and can lead gamblers to have an irrational anticipation to win and to over-generalize their subjective sense of control. And upward counterfactual thinking has been considered to be a factor that offsets those irrational beliefs. This study examined the effects of belief in good luck and of upward counterfactual thinking on gambling behavior.

Methods
The subjects of the study were 52 college students who had been classified as non-problematic and non-pathological gamblers. They were assigned into one of two groups, distinguished by having either high (n = 25) or low (n = 27) levels of self-perception of luck, as determined by their scores on the Belief in Good Luck (BIGL) Scale. The subjects were assigned to different groups according to their reported experience of upward counterfactual thinking.

Results
We found that those who had high BIGL scores spent more money on gambling than those who had low BIGL scores. Moreover, after taking into account the upward counterfactual thinking, the subjects with high BIGL scores showed a dramatic decrease in their expectations of winning.

Discussion
The results indicate that to perceive luck as a personal and internal trait could affect gambling, which is one of the cognitive errors for gambling addiction. On the other hand, given that upward counterfactual thinking plays an important role in reducing cognitive errors, it could act as a protective factor against gambling addiction.
Problematic digital gaming behavior and its relation to the psychological, social and physical health of Finnish adolescents and young adults
Authors: Männikkö Niko , Billieux Joël , Kääriäinen Maria 
Published: December 2015

Background and Aims
The aim of this study was to identify problematic gaming behavior among Finnish adolescents and young adults, and evaluate its connection to a variety of psychological, social, and physical health symptoms.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted with a random sample of 293 respondents aged from 13 to 24 years. Participants completed an online survey. Problematic gaming behavior was measured with the Game Addiction Scale (GAS). Self-reports covered health measures such as psychological health (psychopathological symptoms, satisfaction with life), social health (preferences for social interaction), and physical health (general health, Body Mass Index [BMI], body discomfort, physical activity).

Results
Problematic gaming behavior was found to relate to psychological and health problems, namely fatigue, sleep interference, depression and anxiety symptoms. Multiple linear regression indicated that the amount of weekly gaming, depression and a preference for online social interaction predicted increased problematic gaming symptoms.

Conclusions
This research emphasized that problematic gaming behavior had a strong negative correlation to a variety of subjective health outcomes.
Risk for exercise dependence, eating disorder pathology, alcohol use disorder and addictive behaviors among clients of fitness centers
Authors: Müller Astrid , Loeber Sabine , Söchtig Johanna , Te Wildt Bert , De Zwaan Martina 
Published: December 2015

Background and Aims
Exercise dependence (EXD) is considered a behavioral addiction that is often associated with eating disorders. To date, only few studies examined the potential overlap between EXD and other addictive behaviors. Therefore, the present study aimed at investigating the relationship of EXD with pathological buying, pathological video gaming (offline and online), hypersexual behavior, and alcohol use disorder in a sample of clients of fitness centers.

Methods
The following questionnaires were answered by 128 individuals (age M = 26.5, SD = 6.7 years; 71.7% men, 74.2% university students): Exercise Dependence Scale, Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire, Compulsive Buying Scale, Pathological Computer-Gaming Scale, Hypersexual Behavior Inventory, and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT).

Results
7.8% of the sample were at-risk for EXD, 10.9% reported eating disorder pathology, 2.3% pathological buying, 3.1% hypersexual behavior, and none of the participants suffered from pathological video gaming. The criteria for severe alcohol disorder pathology (AUDIT ≥ 16) were fulfilled by 10.2%. With regard to continuous symptom scores, EXD symptoms were positively correlated with both eating disorder pathology and pathological buying but not with pathological video gaming, hypersexuality or alcohol use disorder. It is noteworthy that more symptoms of pathological buying corresponded with more symptoms of hypersexual behavior. The correlation pattern did not differ by gender.

Discussion
The co-occurrence of EXD, pathological buying and hypersexual behavior on a subclinical level or in the early stage of the disorders should be taken into account when assessing and treating patients. More research is warranted in order to investigate possible interactions between these conditions.
Book Reviews
Authors: Szabó Edina , Szabo Attila 
Published: December 2015

Kent A. Kiehl and Walter P. Sinnott-Armstrong, Eds. Handbook on psychopathy and law, reviewed by Edina Szabó
Katherine Schreiber and Heather A. Hausenblas The truth about exercise addiction – Understanding the dark side of thinspiration, reviewed by Attila Szabo
Une femme est-elle capable de bien gérer les affaires de la cité ? Le Débat sur la scène de théâtre français après la Révolution
Authors: Leontaridou Dora 
Published: December 2015

Lors du débat public sur les droits des femmes après la Révolution, une séquence mythique semble récurrente dans les réécritures des tragédies de l’époque. L’émergence est-elle fortuite ou liée au débat politique de l’époque ? L’article examine le mythe, les tragédies modernes ainsi qu’un certain nombre de textes relatifs au débat sur les droits des femmes.
Derechos humanos de las personas mayores en la nueva Convención Americana y sus implicancias bioéticas
Authors: Dabove María Isolina 
Published: December 2015

<p>En este trabajo se estudia al Derecho de la Vejez, en calidad de nueva especialidad jurídica, nacida con el devenir del proceso de especificación internacional de los derechos humanos y la bioética. Por ello, se analiza el impacto jurídico del envejecimiento poblacional, global y multigeneracional, y su desarrollo histórico. Se observa su conexión con la bioética, disciplina filosófica que se despliega en relación con la vida, la salud y la tecnología de la postmodernidad. Se realiza un panorama del contenido y del alcance constitucional del derecho de la vejez, en atención a la condición jurídica de persona de los mayores, a sus derechos de autonomía, participación y prestación, junto a la problemática del acceso a la justicia en la vejez. Además, se analizan el significado y alcance de la reciente Convención Interamericana sobre la Protección de los Derechos Humanos de las Personas Mayores para el Derecho de la Vejez y el Estado constitucional de derecho. </p>
Una mirada de la bioética para la zooterapia
Authors: Fischer Marta Luciane , Amorim Zanatta Amanda , Rezende Adami Eliana 
Published: December 2015

<p>Los animales pueden auxiliar en innumerables actividades humanas, incluyendo terapias con los beneficios ya reconocidos, sin embargo con algunas cuestiones éticas. Luego, se genera el objetivo de contextualizar social y éticamente el uso de animales como co-terapeutas y reflexionar sobre la intervención de la bioética en la regulación de un problema complejo, global y plural, que tiene como plano de fondo el estudio del caso relacionado con los tutores, animales y niños con trastornos mentales. La revisión de la literatura evidencia que la zooterapia se ha aplicado en todo el mundo y ha resultado en beneficios biopsicosociales en pacientes de todas las edades, y en los niños presentando mejoras en el proceso educativo. Aunque haya preocupación acerca de las conductas que tienen que ver con los animales, su uso como recurso todavía está respaldado por una ética antropocéntrica utilitarista. Obviamente, que el objetivo de la acción es la mejoría del paciente, sin embargo, el ser humano no puede estar en medio de una actividad en la que implica el intercambio de sentimientos. Hay cuestiones relacionadas con las instituciones, los profesionales, los pacientes y los animales que deben ser regularizadas, negociadas y supervisadas por un comité de bioética, tomando en cuenta las variables y proyectando estrategias y alternativas que resulten en el bienestar de todos. Las actitudes correctas estimulan el proceso de humanización en la salud y recuperan el paradigma de la atención, valorando el bienestar físico y mental del paciente y del animal que no deben ser vistos sólo como una herramienta, sino el resultado de una relación simbiótica consolidada evolutivamente.</p>
High Tuberculosis Strain Diversity Among New York City Public Housing Residents
Authors: Dawson Patrick , Perri Bianca R. , Ahuja Shama D. 
Published: December 2015

Objectives. We sought to better understand tuberculosis (TB) epidemiology among New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA) residents, after a recent TB investigation identified patients who had the same TB strain. Methods. The study population included all New York City patients with TB confirmed during 2001 through 2009. Patient address at diagnosis determined NYCHA residence. We calculated TB incidence, reviewed TB strain data, and identified factors associated with TB clustering. Results. During 2001 to 2009, of 8953 individuals in New York City with TB, 512 (6%) had a NYCHA address. Among the US-born, TB incidence among NYCHA residents (6.0/100 000 persons) was twice that among non-NYCHA residents (3.0/100 000 persons). Patients in NYCHA had high TB strain diversity. US birth, younger age, and substance use were associated with TB clustering among NYCHA individuals with TB. Conclusions. High TB strain diversity among residents of NYCHA with TB does not suggest transmission among residents. These findings illustrate that NYCHA’s higher TB incidence is likely attributable to its higher concentration of individuals with known TB risk factors.
Public Health Monitoring of Privilege and Deprivation With the Index of Concentration at the Extremes
Authors: Krieger Nancy , Waterman Pamela D. , Spasojevic Jasmina , Li Wenhui , Maduro Gil , Van Wye Gretchen 
Published: December 2015

Objectives. We evaluated use of the Index of Concentration at the Extremes (ICE) for public health monitoring. Methods. We used New York City data centered around 2010 to assess cross-sectional associations at the census tract and community district levels, for (1) diverse ICE measures plus the US poverty rate, with (2) infant mortality, premature mortality (before age 65 years), and diabetes mortality. Results. Point estimates for rate ratios were consistently greatest for the novel ICE that jointly measured extreme concentrations of income and race/ethnicity. For example, the census tract–level rate ratio for infant mortality comparing the bottom versus top quintile for an ICE contrasting low-income Black versus high-income White equaled 2.93 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.11, 4.09), but was 2.19 (95% CI = 1.59, 3.02) for low versus high income, 2.77 (95% CI = 2.02, 3.81) for Black versus White, and 1.56 (95% CI = 1.19, 2.04) for census tracts with greater than or equal to 30% versus less than 10% below poverty. Conclusions. The ICE may be a useful metric for public health monitoring, as it simultaneously captures extremes of privilege and deprivation and can jointly measure economic and racial/ethnic segregation.
Reduction in Needle Sharing Among Seattle-Area Injection Drug Users Across 4 Surveys, 1994–2013
Authors: Burt Richard D. , Thiede Hanne 
Published: December 2015

Objectives. We evaluated time trends in sharing needles and other injection equipment from 1994 to 2013 among injection drug users in the Seattle, Washington area. Methods. We combined data from 4 sources: the Risk Activity Variables, Epidemiology, and Network (RAVEN) study, recruited from institutional settings; the Kiwi study, recruited from jails; National HIV Behavioral Surveillance system (NHBS) surveys, which used respondent-driven sampling; and surveys at needle-exchange sites. Results. Levels of needle sharing were higher in the earlier studies: RAVEN, 1994 to 1997 (43%) and Kiwi, 1998 to 2002 (61%). In the NHBS surveys, the initial level of 44% in 2005 declined to 31% in the period 2009 to 2012. Across needle-exchange surveys (2009–2013) the level was 21%. There was a parallel reduction in sharing other injection equipment. These trends persisted after control for sociodemographic and risk-associated variables. There was a contemporaneous increase in the number of needles distributed by local needle exchanges and a decline in the number of reported HIV cases among injection drug users. Conclusions. The apparent long-term reduction in sharing injection equipment suggests substantial success in public health efforts to reduce the sharing of injection equipment.
Hard cash, easy credit, fictitious capital: Critical reflections on money as a fetishised social relation
Authors: Jessop Bob 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis article explores some aspects of money as a social relation. Starting from Polanyi, it explores the nature of money as a non-commodity, real commodity, quasi-commodity, and fictitious commodity. The development of credit-debt relations is important in the last respect, especially in market economies where money in the form of coins and banknotes plays a minor role. This argument is developed through some key concepts from Marx concerning money as a fetishised and contradictory social relation, especially his crucial distinction, absent from Polanyi, between money as money and money as capital, each with its own form of fetishism. Attention then turns to Minsky's work on Ponzi finance and what one might describe as cycles of the expansion of easy credit and the scramble for hard cash. This analysis is re-contextualised in terms of financialisation and finance-dominated accumulation, which promote securitisation and the autonomisation of credit money, interest-bearing capital. The article ends with brief reflections on the role of easy credit and hard cash in the surprising survival of neo-liberal economic and political regimes since the North Atlantic Financial Crisis became evident.
Making ‘Making money’: A discussion with Ole Bjerg
Authors: Bjerg Ole , Dunne Stephen 
Published: December 2015

AbstractStephen Dunne recently sat down with Ole Bjerg to chair a discussion about his new book Making Money: The Philosophy of Crisis Capitalism (Verso, 2014). We publish an elaborated version of the book's concluding chapter - ‘Life after Debt’ - within this special issue. This interview and question and answer session puts Ole's argument there, as well as the arguments of his book more generally, into a broader context.