bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Provokation der Entstehung einer multiresistenten Tuberkulose durch inadäquate Behandlung einer Isoniazid-Monoresistenz
Authors: Früh Jonas , Strasen Jörn , Held Matthias 
Published: September 2024

Anamnese Eine 65-jährige Patientin wurde aufgrund des Verdachts einer reaktivierten Tuberkulose zur weiteren Diagnostik zugewiesen.
Untersuchung und Diagnose Radiologisch zeigte sich rund 14 Monate nach abgeschlossener Standardtherapie einer pulmonalen Tuberkulose ein bipulmonaler Progress. Klinisch bestanden Husten und Nachtschweiß. Mikrobiologisch wurde eine multiresistente Tuberkulose (Resistenzen gegen Isoniazid und Rifampicin) nachgewiesen. Nach Aktendurchsicht fiel auf, dass bereits bei initialer Diagnose eine Resistenz gegen Isoniazid bestand, welche therapeutisch nicht berücksichtigt worden war.
Therapie und Verlauf Eine für 18 Monate geplante orale Therapie mit Bedaquilin, Linezolid, Terizidon und Levofloxacin wurde eingeleitet.
Folgerung Bei der Therapie einer Tuberkulose müssen Resistenzen unbedingt bedacht werden. Um eine ineffektive Therapie zu vermeiden, sollte auch molekulare Diagnostik eingesetzt werden; Kulturbefunde sind jedoch immer anzustreben. Durch diagnostische Latenz, zunehmende Resistenzen und eine lange Therapiedauer ist die Behandlung der Tuberkulose komplex. Seit 2014 gibt es aus diesem Grund die Möglichkeit, Patienten mit Tuberkulose oder atypischer Mykobakteriose (auch bei Verdacht) in Ambulanzen der spezialfachärztlichen Versorgung (ASV) zu behandeln.
Change nach Maß
Authors: Blum Mandy , Wilk Vanessa 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Zertifizierung nach Pflegeattraktiv gibt keinen Katalog an Kriterien vor, mit dem starre Rahmenbedingungen erfüllt werden müssen. Vielmehr sind es die Klinikverantwortlichen und vor allem die Pflegenden, die ihre Ziele individuell bestimmen. Hier einige Umsetzungsbeispiele.
„Darauf müssen wir uns vorbereiten“
Authors: Doelfs Guntram 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungKrieg in der Ukraine, chinesische Drohungen gegen Taiwan, Eskalation in Nahost – längst tobt global ein neuer Konflikt der Systeme. Deutschland muss sich mit Terror und Kriegsszenarien beschäftigen. Doch das Gesundheitswesen ist dafür nicht gerüstet.
Ethnic Considerations When Planning Lip Augmentation
Authors: Borg Tiffanie-Marie , Mackay Jennifer 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIdeal standards of beauty including preferred lip characteristics vary between ethnicities. Although plump, well-defined lips are globally associated with youth, variation exists with regard to the perceived ideal lip volume and proportions between ethnicities. Proportions that may be assessed when planning lip augmentation include the upper-to-lower lip ratio, philtrum length, upper and lower vermilion heights, the ratio between the philtrum height and that of the upper vermilion, and the lip height-to-lip width ratio.It is important that accurate assessments of patients are made pre- and postaugmentation. However, many aesthetic assessment tools are based on Caucasian models with limited use in other ethnicities. We present a review of the ideal lip characteristics and assessment techniques accounting for ethnicity, with a view to providing practitioners an evidence-based approach to lip assessment and treatment planning for patients of all backgrounds.
Pharmacologic Treatment Strategies for Delirium in Hospitalized Adults: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Devlin John W. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDespite the use of multidomain prevention strategies, delirium still frequently occurs in hospitalized adults. With delirium often associated with undesirable symptoms and deleterious outcomes, including cognitive decline, treatment is important. Risk-factor reduction and the protocolized use of multidomain, nonpharmacologic bundles remain the mainstay of delirium treatment. There is a current lack of strong evidence to suggest any pharmacologic intervention to treat delirium will help resolve it faster, reduce its symptoms (other than agitation), facilitate hospital throughput, or improve post-hospital outcomes including long-term cognitive function. With the exception of dexmedetomidine as a treatment of severe delirium-associated agitation in the ICU, current practice guidelines do not recommend the routine use of any pharmacologic intervention to treat delirium in any hospital population. Future research should focus on identifying and evaluating new pharmacologic delirium treatment interventions and addressing key challenges and gaps surrounding delirium treatment research.
Predicting hospital bed utilisation for post-surgical care by means of the Monte Carlo method with historical data
Authors: Wong Andy , Eley Rob , Corry Paul , Hoad Brendan , Yarlagadda Prasad 
Published: September 2024

Objective This study aim was to develop a predictive model of bed utilisation to support the decision process of elective surgery planning and bed management to improve post-surgical care. Methods This study undertook a retrospective analysis of de-identified data from a tertiary metropolitan hospital in Southeast Queensland, Australia. With a reference sample from 2 years of historical data, a model based on the Monte Carol method has been developed to predict hospital bed utilisation for post-surgical care of patients who have undergone surgical procedures. A separate test sample from comparable data of 8 weeks of actual utilisation was employed to assess the performance of the prediction model. Results Applying the developed prediction model to an 8-week period test sample, the mean percentage error of the prediction was 1.5% and the mean absolute percentage error 5.4%. Conclusions The predictive model developed in this study may assist in bed management and the planning process of elective surgeries, and in so doing also reduce the likelihood of Emergency Department access block.
“Welcome to shege banza”
Authors: Adebomi Oluwayemisi Olusola 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper examines the forms and functions of Internet memes relating to the fuel subsidy removal policy of
Nigeria´s President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, with a view to identifying the conceptual metaphors that underlie the creation of the
memes. The data, which consist of fifty memes shared in the Nigerian WhatsApp space, are analysed qualitatively using aspects of
Kress and van Leeuwen´s (2001) multimodal discourse analysis and Forceville´s (2015) multimodal metaphor theory. The findings reveal that the discourse,
design and production of the multimodal resources enhance the conceptualization of the metaphorical representations in the memes.
The study also shows the prevalence of the metaphors: fuel subsidy removal is a fraud, fuel subsidy removal is poverty and
fuel subsidy removal is inequality among other conceptual metaphors to explain the people´s negative disposition towards
the fuel subsidy removal policy. The study concludes that the forms and functions of the subsidy removal-related memes assist in
revealing the multimodal conceptual metaphors underlying the memes.
The role of ambiguity and vagueness in language change
Authors: Magni Elisabetta 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In linguistic research, the concepts of ambiguity and
vagueness are often confused and frequently invoked to describe
synchronic facts and explain diachronic processes. This article
illustrates the differences and similarities between the two
phenomena, defines their position within the domain of semantic
indeterminacy, and discusses their role in linguistic change. The
examples show that while ambiguity is intertwined with various
mechanisms of change, acting as both a source and a product of
innovation, vagueness plays a marginal role, being mainly a side
effect of ongoing change or a tool of communicative strategies of
vague language. Moreover, intentional vagueness usually promotes
speaker-driven innovations, whereas ambiguity can trigger
hearer-driven changes that unfold broader diachronic scenarios.
Vague stuff
Authors: Fiorentini Ilaria , Zanchi Chiara 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates cose (pl. of
cosa ‘thing’) as a general extender (GE) and marker of non-exhaustivity from Latin to contemporary Italian. The
study employs three corpora: CODIT, LIP/VoLIP and KIParla. We show
that the frequency of cose-GEs dropped in 16th c.,
when they started being perceived as colloquial. In Old Italian,
cose-GEs already expressed non-exhaustivity in list constructions and, until late 17th c., were frequently
specified by a nominal modifier, which however was uninformative to
identify the category. Contemporary spoken Italian results confirm the role
of spoken language in developing structures encoding
non-exhaustivity, also in a dialogical sense. Moreover, recent
data show an increase in frequencies of cose-GEs.
Finally, we found more variability compared to the structure usually
identified for GEs.
Vagueness explored
Authors: Baido Maria Cristina Lo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The paper sets out to explore the function of vagueness
served by comment clauses in Italian, that is, (de-)verbal
parentheticals performing various meta-discursive functions.
Meta-discourse reflects the expression of speaker’s comment on
discourse to different levels ranging from the communication of
epistemic commitment to the encoding of an attitude of mirativity
and emphasis. In this paper I address meta-discourse that is
expressed by comment clauses that assist the speaker in the
communication of informative, relational, and discursive vagueness.
Specifically, the strategies here investigated indicate a relation
of underspecification between the speaker and the formulation to
different degrees pertaining to approximation, expression of
epistemic stance, categorisation of reference via
exemplification, attenuation of speaker’s force, and on-line
planning. I argue that vagueness should be related to the expression
of speaker’s subjectivity and indexicality, as the performing of
this function helps the speaker contextualising the interpretation
of various stretches of discourse.
Using ambiguity and vagueness to avoid problematic
answers
Authors: Barotto Alessandra 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper focuses on the use of the Italian adverb
abbastanza ‘enough, quite’ when it is used as a stand-alone reply to
potentially problematic and face-threatening questions. Despite its
positive semantics, in some contexts, this word can be perceived as
vague or even ambiguous by speakers, in the sense that it is
possible to interpret it both as a (vague) ‘yes’ and a (vague) ‘no’,
thus functioning as an off-record politeness strategy. To verify in
which contexts this word can be perceived as ambiguous and vague, we
will examine data gathered from a questionnaire specifically created
and from corpora of contemporary Italian (KIParla corpus and
ItTenTen). The analysis will confirm a correlation between the level
of ambiguity and contexts where the speaker is asked to evaluate
something strongly related to the hearer. Finally, we will argue how
the potential ambiguity of this adverb is linked to its core
semantics of quantitative adequacy.
Vagueness and ambiguity of perlocutionary effects in Prime
Minister’s Question time sessions
Authors: Radulović Milica 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Prime Minister’s Question time sessions are speech events
in which questions are not only requests for information, and
answers do not only provide the requested information. Speakers also
exchange argumentation, so the illocutionary act of advancing
argumentation can be regarded as a constitutive component of these
speech events. More specifically, argumentation can precede the MP’s
question to the Prime Minister and it can be part of the Prime
Minister’s response to the MP’s question. The research tested the
assumption that both (1) questions with clear locution and
illocution and (2) questions with unclear locution and/or illocution
can produce vague and/or ambiguous perlocutionary effects or
consequences. Perlocutionary effects or consequences were classified
into illocutionary and non-illocutionary perlocutionary effects or
consequences (van Eemeren & Grootendorst 1984: 26–27). The analysis included 70
question-answer exchanges from two Question time sessions. The
results demonstrate that disagreements can lead to non-answer
responses.
Carrier-Density-Determined Magnetoresistance in Semimetal SrIrO3
Authors: Yang 杨 Liang 亮 , Wu 武 Biao 彪 , Liu 刘 Xin 鑫 , Wang 王 Mingyu 铭宇 , He 何 Congli 聪丽 , Wang 王 Shouguo 守国 , Zhang 张 Jinxing 金星 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
SrIrO3, a Dirac material with a strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC), is a platform for studying topological properties in strongly correlated systems, where its band structure can be modulated by multiple factors, such as crystal symmetry, elements doping, oxygen vacancies, magnetic field, and temperature. Here, we find that the engineered carrier density plays a critical role on the magnetoelectric transport properties of the topological semimetal SrIrO3. The decrease of carrier density subdues the weak localization and the associated negative magnetoresistance, while enhancing the SOC-induced weak anti-localization. Notably, the sample with the lowest carrier density exhibits high-field positive magnetoresistance, suggesting the presence of a Dirac cone. In addition, the anisotropic magnetoresistance indicates the anisotropy of the electronic structure near the Fermi level. The engineering of carrier density provides a general strategy to control the Fermi surface and electronic structure in topological materials.
Specialising neural-network quantum states for the Bose Hubbard model
Authors: Y Pei Michael , R Clark Stephen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Projected variational wavefunctions such as the Gutzwiller, many-body correlator and Jastrow ansatzes have provided crucial insight into the nature of superfluid-Mott insulator transition in the Bose Hubbard model (BHM) in two or more spatial dimensions. However, these ansatzes have no obvious tractable and systematic way of being improved. A promising alternative is to use Neural-network quantum states (NQS) based on Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs). With binary visible and hidden units NQS have proven to be a highly effective at describing quantum states of interacting spin-

1
2

lattice systems. The application of NQS to bosonic systems has so far been based on one-hot encoding from machine learning where the multi-valued site occupation is distributed across several binary-valued visible units of an RBM. Compared to spin-

1
2

systems one-hot encoding greatly increases the number of variational parameters whilst also making their physical interpretation opaque. Here we revisit the construction of NQS for bosonic systems by reformulating a one-hot encoded RBM into a correlation operator applied to a reference state, analogous to the structure of the projected variational ansatzes. In this form we then propose a number of specialisations of the RBM motivated by the physics of the BHM and the ability to capture exactly the projected variational ansatzes. We analyse in detail the variational performance of these new RBM variants for a

10
×
10

BHM, using both a standard Bose condensate state and a pre-optimised Jastrow + many-body correlator state as the reference state of the calculation. Several of our new ansatzes give robust results as nearly good as one-hot encoding across the regimes of the BHM, but at a substantially reduced cost. Such specialised NQS are thus primed tackle bosonic lattice problems beyond the accuracy of classic variational wavefunctions.
Classification of melt pool states for defect detection in laser directed energy deposition using FixConvNeXt model
Authors: Zeng Xinxin , Peng Shitong , Guo Jianan , Chen Guiying , Tang Jian , Wang Fengtao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Laser directed energy deposition (L-DED) has emerged as a promising technique for rapid prototyping due to its cost-effectiveness and efficiency. However, the intricate and multi-scale physics of the process hinder its widespread application. This paper addresses the challenge by focusing on real-time identification of melt pool states to detect defects early and minimize resource wastage. To achieve this, a FixConvNeXt model was developed for fast and accurate monitoring of melt pool states. This model was trained using 5000 melt pool images captured during the printing of single-track deposits from a charge-coupled device. To evaluate its performance, FixConvNeXt was compared with other models using various metrics. Experimental results demonstrated that FixConvNeXt achieved superior performance in accurately identifying melt pool states with 99.1% accuracy, while also reducing computation burden and processing time. The mechanism of classification by FixConvNeXt was explained using gradient-weighted class activation mapping. The research findings highlight the potential application of online process monitoring in L-DED. This study lays the foundation for future development of an efficient deep learning network for automatic defect detection and feedback control.
WCNN-RSN: a novel fault diagnosis method for rolling bearing using multimodal feature fusion
Authors: Chang Hui , Zhang Xinzhe , Long Yuru , Zhang Yan , Zhang Kun , Ding Chao , Wang Jinrui , Li Yuxia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Fault diagnosis of rolling bearings is significant for the safe operation of engineering equipment. Many intelligent diagnostic methods have been successfully developed. However, it is often susceptible to noisy environments. Therefore, the paper proposes a rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on multimodal information fusion in time and time–frequency domains by combining an improved 1D-convolutional neural network (CNN) with ResNet50 wavelet improved CNN-ResNet (WCNN-RSN). The algorithm employs the Multi-Head Attention (MHA) mechanism to complementarily fuse fault features in different scales, achieving fault diagnosis by fully extracting fault features. The experimental results show that the diagnostic effect of WCNN-RSN is better than that of the comparison methods under noise interference, which proves that the proposed method possesses good anti-noise and generalization ability.
Experimental demonstration of improved quantum optimization with linear Ising penalties
Authors: Mirkarimi Puya , Hoyle David C , Williams Ross , Chancellor Nicholas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The standard approach to encoding constraints in quantum optimization is the quadratic penalty method. Quadratic penalties introduce additional couplings and energy scales, which can be detrimental to the performance of a quantum optimizer. In quantum annealing experiments performed on a D-Wave Advantage, we explore an alternative penalty method that only involves linear Ising terms and apply it to a customer data science problem. Our findings support our hypothesis that the linear Ising penalty method should improve the performance of quantum optimization compared to using the quadratic penalty method due to its more efficient use of physical resources. Although the linear Ising penalty method is not guaranteed to exactly implement the desired constraint in all cases, it is able to do so for the majority of problem instances we consider. For problems with many constraints, where making all penalties linear is unlikely to be feasible, we investigate strategies for combining linear Ising penalties with quadratic penalties to satisfy constraints for which the linear method is not well-suited. We find that this strategy is most effective when the penalties that contribute most to limiting the dynamic range are removed.
Exact solutions of the high-dimensional extended generalized Broer-Kaup equations with nonlocal symmetry
Authors: Shi Yue , Wang Chen , Yang Weiao , Xin Xiangpeng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
To analyze the generalized Broer-Kaup (GBK) system, we have employed the methodology suggested by Lou et al, which involves constructing high-dimensional equations from conservation laws associated with low-dimensional partial differential equations. For the first time, we have derived the (2+1)-dimensional integrable GBK equations by leveraging the conservation law of the (1+1)-dimensional GBK equations. Through the imposition of constraints within the (2+1)-dimensional GBK equations, we have obtained a novel (1+1)-dimensional GBK equations. Subsequently, we pioneered the use of a nonlocal approach to analyze this new equations. Specifically, we constructed a closed system incorporating nonlocal symmetries. This was achieved by introducing the Lax pairs associated with potential functions and GBK equations, utilizing conservation laws. By applying the nonlocal symmetries to this closed system, we were able to deduce the generating element. The exact solution of the equation is achieved by combining finite symmetry transformations with a symmetry reduction technique that involves approximations. The dynamic behavior of the equations is studied by means of figures of the exact solutions.
Data-driven discovery of a model equation describing self-oscillations of direct current discharge
Authors: Levko Dmitry 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Data-driven techniques developed in recent years for the discovery of equations describing complex physical phenomena open unique opportunities for plasma physics. These methods allow getting insights into the processes difficult for analytical description. Since gas discharges can be represented as complex electrical circuits consisting of impedances and capacitances, it looks natural to use the data-driven techniques to study their complex dynamics. In the present paper, the sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics (SINDy) method is applied to analyze the self-oscillations of direct current discharge in argon. It is obtained that the third order polynomials describe best the oscillations of the discharge voltage and current. They allow an accurate capturing of the oscillations amplitudes as well as the harmonics of these oscillations. To understand the physical meaning of each term, an analytical model is presented which describes the discharge self-oscillations.
Exploring penta-ZnS2 monolayer as potential gas sensor for toxic gases based on first principles
Authors: Wang Kuanyi , Pang Jianhua , Wei Guang , Zhong Yifei , Wei Songrui 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
To gain a deeper understanding of the application of

ZnS

2

monolayer in gas sensors, this paper predicts the electronic properties and gas sensing performance of

CO
,

C

H

4

,

Cl

2

,

H

2

S
,

NO

and

N

H

3

gas molecules adsorbed on

ZnS

2

monolayer based on first principles research. The results show that

ZnS

2

is sensitive to

CO
,

Cl

2

,

H

2

S
,

NO

and

N

H

3

by chemisorption and to

C

H

4

by strong physisorption. The adsorption of gases effectively changes the electronic properties and gas sensing properties on

ZnS

2

,

and the bandgap of the adsorbed system changes significantly compared with the intrinsic

ZnS

2

,

and the characteristics of the work function can effectively distinguish various gases. Our calculations are of great significance for exploring the sensing applications of

ZnS

2

monolayer as a new member of the gas sensor family, and we expect that this work will provide new perspectives and theoretical foundations for the possible applications of

ZnS

2

monolayer in the sensing and processing of

CO
,

C

H

4

,

Cl

2

,

H

2

S
,

NO

and

N

H

3

gases.