bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexible Zirconium MOFs as Bromine‐Nanocontainers for Bromination Reactions under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Pang Jiandong , Yuan Shuai , Du Dongying , Lollar Christina , Zhang Liangliang , Wu Mingyan , Yuan Daqiang , Zhou Hong‐Cai , Hong Maochun 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA series of flexible MOFs (PCN‐605, PCN‐606, and PCN‐700) are synthesized and applied to reversible bromine encapsulation and release. The chemical stability of these Zr‐MOFs ensures the framework's integrity during the bromine adsorption, while the framework's flexibility allows for structural adaptation upon bromine uptake to afford stronger host–guest interactions and therefore higher bromine adsorption capacities. The flexible MOFs act as bromine‐nanocontainers which elongate the storage time of volatile halides under ambient conditions. Furthermore, the bromine pre‐adsorbed flexible MOFs can be used as generic bromine sources for bromination reactions giving improved yields and selectivities under ambient conditions when compared with liquid bromine.
Universal one‐pot, one‐step synthesis of core–shell nanocomposites with self‐assembled tannic acid shell and their antibacterial and catalytic activities
Authors: Fang Yan , Tan Jiajun , Lan Tian , Foo Stanley Guo Feng , Pyun Do Gi , Lim Sierin , Kim Dong‐Hwan 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTFacile synthesis of metal@polymer nanocomposites were achieved using self‐assembled tannic acid (TA) shells without crosslinkers. The TA shell was assembled under mildly alkaline conditions in reaction time of 20 min under constant vortexing. Universal synthesis method was demonstrated by the synthesis of Ag@TA and Au@TA nanocomposites. We propose that the shell formation is due to TA undergoing oxidative self‐polymerization to poly(tannic acid) or a supramolecular aggregate of oxidized TA held together by charge transfer, hydrogen bond, and π–π interactions, similar to dopamine polymerization. Gibbs free energy calculations suggest that polymerization is energetically favorable. Synthesized Ag@TA exhibited antibacterial functionality with Escherichia coli minimum inhibitory concentration of 100 µg mL−1 up to 48 h. The population of E. coli was also reduced by 99% within 5 h when incubated with 100 µg mL−1 of Ag@TA nanocomposite. Au@TA also functions as a reduction catalyst. It reduces 4‐nitrophenol to 4‐aminophenol in the presence of NaBH4 with a rate constant of k = 0.63 min−1 μmol−1. For comparison, using Au nanoparticles yields a rate constant of 0.14 min−1 μmol−1. The ease of synthesis renders the nanocomposites superior to others, with potential for large‐scale application. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45829.
Familial Mediterranean Fever and Incidence of Cancer
Authors: Brenner Ronen , Ben‐Zvi Ilan , Shinar Yael , Liphshitz Irena , Silverman Barbara , Peled Nir , Levy Carmit , Ben‐Chetrit Eldad , Livneh Avi , Kivity Shaye 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveFamilial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autoinflammatory disease manifested as recurrent serosal inflammation. An association between FMF and malignancy has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to estimate cancer risk in a large cohort of FMF patients from a single institution.MethodsThe study cohort consisted of 8,534 FMF patients registered at the National FMF Center in Tel Hashomer, Israel. We linked the study cohort to the database of the Israel National Cancer Registry using the national identity number. Cancer incidence in FMF patients was determined and then stratified by age and sex. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for cancers were calculated.ResultsAmong 8,534 FMF patients (4,400 men, 4,134 women), 350 developed cancer during the years 1970–2011. The overall cancer risk among patients with FMF was significantly lower than was expected in specific sex and ethnic groups of the Israeli population: for males of Jewish ethnicity, SIR 0.66 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.55–0.77), P < 0.001; for females of Jewish ethnicity, SIR 0.75 (95% CI 0.64–0.86), P < 0.001; and for males of Arab ethnicity, SIR 0.34 (95% CI 0.07–0.99), P = 0.024.ConclusionFMF patients have a significantly lower incidence of cancer than the general population of Israel. This pattern was demonstrated in 2 ethnic populations: Jewish and Arab. We speculate that the lower cancer incidence could be attributed to a direct physiologic effect of FMF or to its treatment.
Arterial Inflammation Detected With 18F‐Fluorodeoxyglucose–Positron Emission Tomography in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Geraldino‐Pardilla Laura , Zartoshti Afshin , Bag Ozbek Ayse , Giles Jon T. , Weinberg Richard , Kinkhabwala Mona , Bokhari Sabahat , Bathon Joan M. 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveIn addition to traditional risk factors, excess cardiovascular disease (CVD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is attributed to enhanced vascular and/or systemic inflammation. In several small studies using 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F‐FDG–PET/CT) to directly assess vascular inflammation, FDG uptake was higher in RA patients than in controls. Using a substantially larger sample of RA patients, we sought to identify RA disease characteristics independently associated with vascular FDG uptake.MethodsRA patients underwent cardiac FDG‐PET/CT, with aortic inflammation assessed by quantification of FDG uptake in the ascending aorta, calculated as the mean and maximum (max) standardized uptake value (SUV) of the entire ascending aorta and of its most diseased segment (SUV MDS). Univariate and multivariable regression models were constructed to model the associations of patient characteristics with aortic FDG uptake.ResultsNinety‐one RA patients were scanned. In multivariable models, in addition to the independent associations of hypertension and body mass index with increased aortic FDG uptake, the prevalence of rheumatoid nodules correlated with the SUV mean and SUV MDS mean measures, while anti–cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti‐CCP) antibodies correlated inversely with these measures and with the SUV max and SUV MDS max (P < 0.05). A significant association of RA disease activity with aortic FDG uptake was observed but was restricted to anti‐CCP seropositivity.ConclusionTraditional CV risk factors and RA disease characteristics (rheumatoid nodules and the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using the C‐reactive protein level in anti‐CCP antibody–positive individuals) were independently associated with ascending aortic FDG uptake in RA patients without clinical CVD.
Green and Efficient Processing of Cinnamomum cassia Bark by Using Ionic Liquids: Extraction of Essential Oil and Construction of UV‐Resistant Composite Films from Residual Biomass
Authors: Mehta Mohit J. , Kumar Arvind 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThere is significant interest in the development of a sustainable and integrated process for the extraction of essential oils and separation of biopolymers by using novel and efficient solvent systems. Herein, cassia essential oil enriched in coumarin is extracted from Cinnamomum cassia bark by using a protic ionic liquid (IL), ethylammonium nitrate (EAN), through dissolution and the creation of a biphasic system with the help of diethyl ether. The process has been perfected, in terms of higher biomass dissolution ability and essential oil yield through the addition of aprotic ILs (based on the 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium (C4mim) cation and chloride or acetate anions) to EAN. After extraction of oil, cellulose‐rich material and free lignin were regenerated from biomass–IL solutions by using a 1:1 mixture of acetone–water. The purity of the extracted essential oil and biopolymers were ascertained by means of FTIR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and GC‐MS techniques. Because lignin contains UV‐blocking chromophores, the oil‐free residual lignocellulosic material has been directly utilized to construct UV‐light‐resistant composite materials in conjunction with the biopolymer chitosan. Composite material thus obtained was processed to form biodegradable films, which were characterized for mechanical and optical properties. The films showed excellent UV‐light resistance and mechanical properties, thereby making it a material suitable for packaging and light‐sensitive applications.
Event‐Triggered Consensus of Nonlinear Multi‐Agent Systems with Unknown External Disturbance
Authors: Dong Tao , Wang Aijuan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper addresses the consensus problem of nonlinear multi‐agent systems with unknown external disturbance. First, a distributed observer is proposed to estimate the state and unknown disturbance of each agent simultaneously. Then, a novel event‐triggered control scheme based on the agent state estimation and disturbance estimation is proposed. Unlike the existing strategies, our event‐triggered conditions depend on agent state estimation and disturbance estimation, which are more effective and practical. Under this observer and control strategy, some sufficient conditions are derived to ensure the consensus of the multi‐agent system with unknown external disturbance. Moreover, the Zeno‐behavior of triggering time sequences is also excluded. Finally, a simulation example is given to verify the theoretical analysis.
Hierarchical imputation of systematically and sporadically missing data: An approximate Bayesian approach using chained equations
Authors: Jolani Shahab 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn health and medical sciences, multiple imputation (MI) is now becoming popular to obtain valid inferences in the presence of missing data. However, MI of clustered data such as multicenter studies and individual participant data meta‐analysis requires advanced imputation routines that preserve the hierarchical structure of data. In clustered data, a specific challenge is the presence of systematically missing data, when a variable is completely missing in some clusters, and sporadically missing data, when it is partly missing in some clusters. Unfortunately, little is known about how to perform MI when both types of missing data occur simultaneously. We develop a new class of hierarchical imputation approach based on chained equations methodology that simultaneously imputes systematically and sporadically missing data while allowing for arbitrary patterns of missingness among them. Here, we use a random effect imputation model and adopt a simplification over fully Bayesian techniques such as Gibbs sampler to directly obtain draws of parameters within each step of the chained equations. We justify through theoretical arguments and extensive simulation studies that the proposed imputation methodology has good statistical properties in terms of bias and coverage rates of parameter estimates. An illustration is given in a case study with eight individual participant datasets.
Randomized feasibility trial of high-intensity interval training before elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair
Authors: Tew G A , Batterham A M , Colling K , Gray J , Kerr K , Kothmann E , Nawaz S , Weston M , Yates D , Danjoux G 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background
This study assessed the feasibility of a preoperative high-intensity interval training (HIT) programme in patients awaiting elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Methods
In this feasibility trial, participants were allocated by minimization to preoperative HIT or usual care. Patients in the HIT group were offered three exercise sessions per week for 4 weeks, and weekly maintenance sessions if surgery was delayed. Feasibility and acceptability outcomes were: rates of screening, eligibility, recruitment, retention, outcome completion, adverse events and adherence to exercise. Data on exercise enjoyment (Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale, PACES), cardiorespiratory fitness (anaerobic threshold and peak oxygen uptake), quality of life, postoperative morbidity and mortality, duration of hospital stay and healthcare utilization were also collected.

Results
Twenty-seven patients were allocated to HIT and 26 to usual care (controls). Screening, eligibility, recruitment, retention and outcome completion rates were 100 per cent (556 of 556), 43·2 per cent (240 of 556), 22·1 per cent (53 of 240), 91 per cent (48 of 53) and 79–92 per cent respectively. The overall exercise session attendance rate was 75·8 per cent (276 of 364), and the mean(s.d.) PACES score after the programme was 98(19) (‘enjoyable’); however, the intensity of exercise was generally lower than intended. The mean anaerobic threshold after exercise training (adjusted for baseline score and minimization variables) was 11·7 ml per kg per min in the exercise group and 11·4 ml per kg per min in controls (difference 0·3 (95 per cent c.i. –0·4 to 1·1) ml per kg per min). There were trivial-to-small differences in postoperative clinical and patient-reported outcomes between the exercise and control groups.

Conclusion
Despite the intensity of exercise being generally lower than intended, the findings support the feasibility and acceptability of both preoperative HIT and the trial procedures. A definitive trial is warranted. Registration number: ISRCTN09433624 (https://www.isrctn.com/).
A target and nontarget strategy for identification or characterization of the chemical ingredients in Chinese herb preparation Shuang‐Huang‐Lian oral liquid by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Feng‐Xiang , Li Min , Yao Zhi‐Hong , Li Chang , Qiao Li‐Rui , Shen Xiu‐Yu , Yu Kate , Dai Yi , Yao Xin‐Sheng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA target and nontarget strategy based on in‐house chemical components library was developed for rapid and comprehensive analysis of complicated components from traditional Chinese medicine preparation Shuang‐Huang‐Lian oral liquid. The sample was analyzed by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry using generic acquisition parameters. Automated detection and data filtering were performed on the UNIFI™ software and the detected peaks were evaluated against an in‐house library. As a result, a total of 170 chemical components (110 target compounds and 60 nontarget ones) were identified or tentatively characterized, including 54 flavonoids, 30 phenylethanoid glycosides, 16 iridoid glycosides, 14 lignans, 32 organic acids, 19 triterpenoid saponins and five other types of compounds. Among them, 44 compounds were further confirmed by comparison with reference standards. It was demonstrated that this systematical approach could be successfully applied for rapid identification of multiple compounds in traditional Chinese medicine and its preparations. Furthermore, this work established the foundation for the further investigation on the metabolic fates of multiple ingredients in Shuang‐Huang‐Lian oral liquid.
UPLC‐HR‐MS/MS‐based determination study on the metabolism of four synthetic cannabinoids, ADB‐FUBICA, AB‐FUBICA, AB‐BICA and ADB‐BICA, by human liver microsomes
Authors: Li Jing , Liu Cuimei , Li Tao , Hua Zhendong 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSince 2012, several cannabimimetic indazole and indole derivatives with valine amino acid amide residue have emerged in the illicit drug market, and have gradually replaced the old generations of synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) with naphthyl or adamantine groups. Among them, ADB‐FUBICA [N‐(1‐amino‐3,3‐dimethyl‐1‐oxobutan‐2‐yl)‐1‐(4‐fluorobenzyl)‐1H–indole‐3‐carboxamide], AB‐FUBICA [N‐(1‐amino‐3‐methyl‐1‐oxobutan‐2‐yl)‐1‐(4‐fluorobenzyl)‐1H–indole‐3‐carboxamide], AB‐BICA [N‐(1‐amino‐3‐methyl‐1‐oxobutan‐2‐yl)‐1‐benzyl‐1H‐indole‐3‐carboxamide] and ADB‐BICA [N‐(1‐amino‐3,3‐dimethyl‐1‐oxobutan‐2‐yl)‐1‐benzyl‐1H‐indole‐3‐carboxamide] were detected in China recently, but unfortunately no information about their in vitro human metabolism is available. Therefore, biomonitoring studies to screen their consumption lack any information about the potential biomarkers (e.g. metabolites) to target. To bridge this gap, we investigated their phase I metabolism by incubating with human liver microsomes, and the metabolites were identified by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–high resolution–tandem mass spectrometry. Metabolites generated by N‐dealkylation and hydroxylation on the 1‐amino‐alkyl moiety were found to be predominant for all these four substances, and others which underwent hydroxylation, amide hydrolysis and dehydrogenation were also observed in our investigation. Based on our research, we recommend that the N‐dealkylation and hydroxylation metabolites are suitable and appropriate analytical markers for monitoring their intake.
Metabolic analysis of the antidepressive effects of Yangxinshi Tablet in a vascular depression model in mice
Authors: Du Hongli , Zhang Hai , Zhao Yahong , Liu Min , Chen Anni , Liu Shiyu , Xue Dan , Liu Yanjun , Zhang Guoqing 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn recent years, vascular depression has become the focus of international attention. Yangxinshi Tablet (YXST) is usually used in cthe linic for the treatment of arrhythmia and heart failure, but we found that it also has antidepressive effects. The objective of the study was to identify biomarkers related to vascular depression in hippocampus and explore the antidepressive effects of YXST on the mouse model. Untargeted metabolomics based on UHPLC‐Q‐TOF/MS was applied to identify significantly differential biomarkers between the model group and control group. Unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) was used to scan the tendency of groups and partial least squares‐discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) to distinguish between the vascular depressive mice and the sham. PCA stores showed clear differences in metabolism between the vascular depressive mice and sham groups. The PLS‐DA model exhibited 38 metabolites as the biomarkers to distinguish the vascular depressive mice and the sham. Further, YXST significantly regulated 22 metabolites to normal levels. The results suggested that YXST has a comprehensive antidepressive effect on vascular depression via regulation of multiple metabolic pathways including amino acid, the tricarboxylic acid cycle and phosphoglyceride metabolisms. These findings provide insight into the pathophysiological mechanism underlying vascular depression and the mechanism of YXST.
Sustainable and Continuous Synthesis of Enantiopure l‐Amino Acids by Using a Versatile Immobilised Multienzyme System
Authors: Velasco‐Lozano Susana , da Silva Eunice S. , Llop Jordi , López‐Gallego Fernando 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe enzymatic synthesis of α‐amino acids is a sustainable and efficient alternative to chemical processes, through which achieving enantiopure products is difficult. To more address this synthesis efficiently, a hierarchical architecture that irreversibly co‐immobilises an amino acid dehydrogenase with polyethyleneimine on porous agarose beads has been designed and fabricated. The cationic polymer acts as an irreversible anchoring layer for the formate dehydrogenase. In this architecture, the two enzymes and polymer colocalise across the whole microstructure of the porous carrier. This multifunctional heterogeneous biocatalyst was kinetically characterised and applied to the enantioselective synthesis of a variety of canonical and noncanonical α‐amino acids in both discontinuous (batch) and continuous modes. The co‐immobilised bienzymatic system conserves more than 50 % of its initial effectiveness after five batch cycles and 8 days of continuous operation. Additionally, the environmental impact of this process has been semiquantitatively calculated and compared with the state of the art.
Treating of aortic valve stenosis in real‐life: A multifaceted decision‐making challenge
Authors: Franken Marcelo , Lemos Pedro A. 
Published: October 2017

Key Points

In this issue of CCI, Vejpongsa and coworkers showed that TAVR represented 20.4% of all aortic valve replacements performed in elderly patients from 21 US states in the year 2013. Patients treated with SAVR or TAVR largely overlapped in their baseline characteristics, indicating that both modalities concur in everyday life.
One out of six patients was readmitted within 30 days, with no significant differences between the TAVR and SAVR in propensity score analysis. One may ask: since the indications of transcatheter and surgical treatments are interchanged for many cases, and the global results look similar, how to finally select the best therapeutic option for an individual case?
Would the results be the same if patient‐reported outcomes and experiences, such as pain and analgesic use, time to return to routine activities, or quality of life scores were measured? Combining traditional and patient‐reported outcomes, in relation to costs, is the optimal approach to assess value in healthcare. Time has come for investigators to adopt value‐based healthcare measures as endpoints in registries and clinical trials.
Post‐TAVR aortogram: Transform it into a modern tool for prognosis and efficiency
Authors: Yadav Pradeep K. , Gilchrist Ian C. 
Published: October 2017

Key Points

Video densitometry after aortography can provide objective assessment of aortic regurgitation post‐transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR)
Contrast density ratio between the left ventricular outflow track and proximal aorta (LVOT‐AR) of >0.17 suggests greater than mild aortic insufficiency and correlates with echo findings
LVOT‐AR of >0.17 is associated with higher 30‐day and 1‐year mortality
Mechanical thrombectomy revisited is there any value?
Authors: Tommaso Carl L. 
Published: October 2017

Key Points

The use of mechanical thrombectomy in STEMI with large amount of jeopardized myocardium may preserve regional wall motion
When appropriate and done with proper removal technique, there does not appear to be any increased incidence of neurologic complications
The guideline recommendation that mechanical thrombectomy should not be done routinely is supported by these authors
Acute heart failure syndrome in the elderly
Authors: Katsanos S. , Bakosis G. , Frogudaki A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAcute heart failure (AHF) in the elderly is becoming an increasingly common clinical problem, associated with very high in‐hospital and long‐term mortality rates. Elderly AHF patients, as opposed to younger ones, may have a different demographic, pathophysiological, clinical, and prognostic profile, and therefore, some carefully considered therapeutic adjustments may be warranted for their treatment. Patients with older age, shock, diabetes, renal failure, infection, confusion, and severe non‐cardiac comorbidities may be at the highest mortality risk.Answer questions and earn CME: https://wileyhealthlearning.com/Activity2/5608945/Activity.aspx
Acute heart failure: Epidemiology and socioeconomic burden
Authors: Farmakis D. , Papingiotis G. , Parissis J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAcute heart failure (AHF) is defined as the rapid development or change in symptoms and signs of heart failure that requires urgent medical attention and usually hospitalization. AHF is the first reason for hospital admission in individuals aged 65 or more. Despite therapeutic advances, it remains a syndrome with particularly ominous prognosis, with an in‐hospital mortality rate of 4–7%, a 2‐ to 3‐month postdischarge mortality of 7–11% and a 2‐ to 3‐month readmission rate of 25–30%. In addition, AHF is the single most important determinant of the huge healthcare expenditure related to heart failure, as it accounts for nearly 70% of the total heart failure‐related cost.Answer questions and earn CME: https://wileyhealthlearning.com/Activity2/5608946/Activity.aspx