bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Connective tissue, glial and neuronal expressions in testis of the African giant rat (Cricetomys gambianus)
Authors: Falade T. , Olude M. , Mustapha O. , Mbajiorgu E. , Ihunwo A. , Olopade J. , Oke B. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Introduction: This study was carried out to investigate the expression of connective tissue (Collagens I and III), glia and neuronal markers in the testis of the African giant rat using histology and immunohistochemistry techniques. Materials and Methods: Eight (8) apparently healthy wild male African giant rats were used for this experiment, divided into 2 groups (juvenile and adult) of 4 animals each. The testes were harvested following intracardial perfusion of the rats and histology was performed using Haematoxylin-Eosin stain and Mallory-Heideinhain rapid one- step staining for connective tissue. Immunohistochemical identification was achieved using the following antibodies: anti-collagen type I, anti-collagen type III, anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein and anti-p75 nerve growth factor for the expression of collagen type I, collagen type III, astrocyte-like cell and neuronal cells respectively. Photomicrography was achieved using Axioskop® microscope and quantitative data were analyzed using student t-test. Results: The cyto-architecture of the testis was typical in the African giant rat. The connective tissue expressed in the juvenile and adult group, signaling of glial-like cells were seen in the perivascular region across the experimental groups. Immuno-localization of neuronal cells were seen in the interstitial spaces across all the groups, but with more expressions in the juvenile. Conclusion: This work has provided a clear description of the expression of connective tissue, neuronal and glial cells in the testis of the African giant rat and their possible relationships across juvenile and adult groups.
Ozone comparison between Pandora #34, Dobson #061, OMI, and OMPS in Boulder, Colorado, for the period December 2013–December 2016
Authors: Herman Jay , Evans Robert , Cede Alexander , Abuhassan Nader , Petropavlovskikh Irina , McConville Glenn , Miyagawa Koji , Noirot Brandon 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. A one-time-calibrated (in December 2013) Pandora spectrometer instrument (Pan #034) has been compared to a periodically calibrated Dobson spectroradiometer (Dobson #061) co-located in Boulder, Colorado, and compared with two satellite instruments over a 3-year period (December 2013–December 2016). The results show good agreement between Pan #034 and Dobson #061 within their statistical uncertainties. Both records are corrected for ozone retrieval sensitivity to stratospheric temperature variability obtained from the Global Modeling Initiative (GMI) and Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA-2) model calculations. Pandora #034 and Dobson #061 differ by an average of 2.1 ± 3.2 % when both instruments use their standard ozone absorption cross sections in the retrieval algorithms. The results show a relative drift (0.2 ± 0.08 % yr−1) between Pandora observations against NOAA Dobson in Boulder, CO, over a 3-year period of continuous operation. Pandora drifts relative to the satellite Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and the Ozone Mapping Profiler Suite (OMPS) are +0.18 ± 0.2 % yr−1 and −0.18 ± 0.2 % yr−1, respectively, where the uncertainties are 2 standard deviations. The drift between Dobson #061 and OMPS for a 5.5-year period (January 2012–June 2017) is −0.07 ± 0.06 % yr−1.
Efficacy and Treatment Response of Intra-articular Corticosteroid Injections in Patients With Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Matzkin Elizabeth G. , Curry Emily J. , Kong Qingwu , Rogers Miranda J. , Henry Michael , Smith Eric L. 
Published: September 2017

Introduction:
Intra-articular corticosteroid injections are often used for short-term pain relief in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study investigates the efficacy of intra-articular corticosteroid injections in patients with symptomatic knee OA and factors that affect treatment response.

Methods:
This prospective, multicentered cohort study had 100 participants with radiographic evidence of knee OA enrolled. Participants received one corticosteroid injection into the affected knee and were evaluated before the injection (baseline) and at 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after the injection.

Results:
Participants’ Visual Numeric Scale and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores improved at all time points except for the Visual Numeric Scale score at 6 months, compared with baseline scores (P < 0.001). Participants with Kellgren-Lawrence grade 1 or 2 OA saw clinical improvement in the WOMAC scores at all time points, compared with the baseline score (P < 0.01). Compared with all other subgroups, obese patients with Kellgren-Lawrence grade 3 or 4 OA had significantly worse WOMAC scores at baseline, 6 weeks, and 3 months (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively).

Discussion:
Our findings validate previously established guidelines for nonsurgical management of knee OA and suggest that intra-articular corticosteroid injections may be an acceptable short-term management option in patients unwilling or unable to undergo surgical treatment. Obesity and OA severity affect the efficacy of intra-articular corticosteroid injections.

Conclusion:
Patients receiving intra-articular corticosteroid injections had improved pain and function. Clinicians should expect less improvement in patients with obesity and/or advanced arthritis. Clinical benefits of intra-articular injections in these patients are less predictable.
Lawsuits After Primary and Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Malpractice Claims Analysis
Authors: Patterson Diana C. , Grelsamer Ronald , Bronson Michael J. , Moucha Calin S. 
Published: September 2017

Introduction:
As the number of total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) increases, the number of associated complications will also increase. Our goal with this study was to identify common causes of and financial trends relating to malpractice claims filed after TKA.

Methods:
We analyzed malpractice claims filed for alleged neglectful primary and revision TKA surgeries performed between 1982 and 2012 by orthopaedic surgeons insured by a large New York state malpractice carrier.

Results:
We identified 69 primary and 8 revision TKAs in the malpractice carrier’s database. All cases were performed between 1982 and 2012; all claims were closed between 1989-2015. The most frequent factor leading to lawsuits for primary TKA was chronic pain or dissatisfaction in 12 cases, followed by nerve palsy in 8, postoperative in-hospital falls in 5, and deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism in 3. Medical complications included acute respiratory distress syndrome, cardiac arrest, and decubitus ulcers. Contracture was most common after revision TKA (three of eight cases). Mean indemnity was $325,369, and the largest single settlement was $2.42 million. The average expense relating to the defense of these cases was $66,365.

Conclusions:
Orthopaedic surgeons should continue to focus attention on prevention of complications and on preoperative patient education. Preoperative counseling regarding the risks of incomplete pain relief could reduce substantially the number of suits relating to primary TKAs.
Update on Direct Oral AntiCoagulants (DOACs)
Authors: Rosenthal Christoph , von Heymann Christian , Koscielny Jürgen 
Published: September 2017

SummaryRecent findings require an update of previous recommendations for the perioperative use of Direct Oral AntiCoagulants (DOACs). A break in preoperative treatment of 24–96 hours is recommended based on the pharmacokinetic profiles of DOACs and depends on individual patient characteristics, their renal and possibly liver function, and their surgery-related risk of bleeding. In cases of renal or hepatic insufficiency, whether to extend the preoperative interruption of IIa- and Xa-inhibitors is a clinical decision that must be reached on an individual patient basis. In cases of epidural or spinal anaesthesia, more conservative pausing-intervals are recommended due to the risk of persistent neurologic deficits (e.g., paraplegia) following the development of spinal subdural and epidural haematomas. Elective surgery should be postponed according to these recommendations. Preoperative “bridging” with LMWH (more precisely referred to as „switching”) should be omitted due to a significantly increased risk of bleeding. In addition, the incidence of perioperative thromboembolic risks, such as DVT, PE, and stroke, are no different whether interruption or “switching” is undertaken. Postoperatively, the DOACs can be reinstituted within the first 24 hours. In cases of major surgery or if there is a higher risk of bleeding, resumption of DOACS should only begin after 24–72 hours. In patients with an elevated thromboembolic risk, transient postoperative LMWH administration can be recommended during this period.Interaction of DOACs with other drugs usually occurs during the absorption, transport and elimination of these drugs. Therefore, substance- specific restrictions and recommendations should be observed during these times. In everyday clinical practice, webbased, independent information portals on drug-interactions are very helpful in providing safe and rapid information about potential interactions when DOACs are used in combination with other drugs, especially during perioperative management.Non-adherence to medications is a worldwide problem that has dangerous and costly consequences. Present data suggest that persistence is the primary factor that supports adherence. Despite the adherence data presented in the DOACS approval studies (e.g., persistence in the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism has been reported to be between 94–99%), the first registries and meta-analyses provide sobering results regarding the incidence of persistence and the success rate of interventions designed to improve adherence with DOACs in cases of long-term usage.
Domingo tem Abertura: um programa de televisão na cobertura da abertura política no Brasil
Authors: Maia Paulo Roberto de Azevedo 
Published: September 2017

O artigo analisa a constituição do programa Abertura, veiculado pela Rede Tupi, entre fevereiro de 1979 até maio de 1980. Trata-se de uma experiência de articulação política na TV ao discutir a abertura no exato momento em que esse processo ganhava maior espaço no início do governo do general João Baptista Figueiredo. O formato de revista, com uma equipe formada por Villas Bôas Corrêa, Sérgio Cabral, Fausto Wolf, Roberto D’avila, Ziraldo, Glauber Rocha e outros, inovou na linguagem ao propor uma reflexão jornalística audiovisual sobre as possibilidades do fim do regime civil-militar. Muitos dos apresentadores estavam ligados ao pensamento de esquerda e discutiram questões importantes como anistia, exílio, censura, pluripartidarismo e eleições diretas para todos os níveis, contribuindo para o processo de luta democrática. A leitura do programa realizada pela imprensa escrita da época, e a constituição de uma autoimagem relacionada ao pioneirismo da iniciativa de lutar pela redemocratização do país na televisão conduzem a uma visão dicotômica, na qual se confrontaram a crítica de conteúdo e forma e a força do discurso do Abertura na tentativa de se firmar na memória política da mídia brasileira Palavras-chave: Imprensa e Politica. Telejornalismo. Ditadura e Ditadores.
A transição democrática brasileira (1974-1989) pelas lentes de João Batista de Andrade
Authors: Oliveira Alcilene Cavalcante 
Published: September 2017

Este artigo aborda a relação entre memória e mídia, a partir do longa-metragem, de ficção, A Próxima Vítima (1983), de João Batista de Andrade, partindo da ideia de que um artefato cultural é um suporte de memória. Se um filme, mesmo de modo ficcional, encena aspectos do presente do período no qual é realizado, constitui registros que lhe conferem tal lugar de memória. O filme de Andrade, concebido no início dos anos 1980 e herdeiro da trajetória profissional do diretor, tanto no cinema quanto na televisão, entra nos embates de memória, como testemunho do período de transição democrática no Brasil (1974-1989), seja por sua datação, seja pelo que artificiosamente constrói. No texto, situamos, incialmente, questões que sobressaem na chave memória e mídia; em seguida, passamos pela cinematografia do cineasta, no que se conecta ao filme em questão; a chegada é o filme como memória da transição. Palavras-chave: Cinema e História. Memória. Brasil-História- 1974-1989.
“O que era simples imprensa virou mídia”: como o MST divulgou os meios de comunicação de massa
Authors: Perli Fernando 
Published: September 2017

Este artigo analisa a construção de uma agenda política do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) que tratou do lugar ocupado pelos meios de comunicação de massa nas reivindicações de movimentos sociais nas décadas de 1980 e 1990. Os impressos estudados foram o Boletim Sem Terra, o Jornal Sem Terra e a Revista Sem Terra, materiais de divulgação que constituíram um campo de comunicação em defesa de projetos políticos afinados à reforma agrária no Brasil. As produções, distribuições e usos dos impressos para capacitar quadros e divulgar a organização do MST tiveram o apoio de entidades civis, intelectuais, jornalistas, sindicalistas e lideranças sem-terra. Dentre uma variedade de temas publicados, o presente texto delimita editoriais, reportagens e artigos que expressaram posições da direção nacional do MST diante do silenciamento ou de coberturas dadas por empresas de televisão, rádio e jornais de ampla circulação às mobilizações de trabalhadores rurais sem-terra. Palavras-chave: Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra. Meios de Comunicação de Massa. Impressos.
Visualidades opacas para el dolor: (entre) viajes, ruinas y memorias. A propósito de Cándido López. Los campos de batalla (José Luis García, 2005)
Authors: Aimaretti Maria 
Published: September 2017

El presente artículo se propone como una reflexión ensayística respecto del trabajo de memoria que, a través del juego de tensiones y resonancias entre imagen pictórica e imagen cinematográfica, propone el film de José Luis García Cándido López. Los campos de batalla (2005). Nos interesa observar la dinámica no siempre armónica entre las diferentes capas de relatos y voces que, superpuestas, configuran un frondoso mapa-en-proceso que relee cierto episodio del pasado histórico, uno especialmente desdibujado de las narraciones hegemónicas: la guerra de la Triple Alianza contra Paraguay (1865-1870). A propósito de los dilemas de representación del ejercicio de la fuerza y los recuerdos/olvidos del horror, nos detendremos tanto en la lectura que el film realiza sobre su principal intertexto –los cuadros de Cándido López- como en la propia puesta en escena del documental. Palabras clave: Memoria Visual. Guerra. Candido López. Viaje. Monumento.
Paisagem de cacos e dores revoltadas: as marginalias da ditadura em livros de uma biblioteca universitária
Authors: FARIA Daniel 
Published: September 2017

ResumoEsse artigo resulta da formação de uma coleção de marginalias encontradas em livros relacionados à ditadura, presentes na Biblioteca Central da Universidade de Brasília. Essas marginalias (anotações, intervenções gráficas, interferências no texto e nos elementos para-textuais), mostraram-se particulares por seu sentido político, tanto no que se refere ao conteúdo quanto à circulação de opiniões e críticas que elas configuraram. Elas são analisadas, aqui, diante do pano de fundo das questões relativas à memória da ditadura militar, às políticas da ditadura sobre as mídias, em particular a circulação dos impressos e, em especial, a biblioteca como lugar de memória. Palavras-chave: Biblioteca Universitária – Brasília, DF. Brasil - História - 1964-1985. Ditadura e Ditadores. Escrita.
Teoria da História – a escrita, o lugar do morto e do assombro: diálogos com Michel de Certeau
Authors: Alonso Leandro Seawright 
Published: September 2017

Pretende-se problematizar a escrita da História com base em uma parte da teoria do historiador francês Michel de Certeau. Para tanto, abordam-se outros autores, de lugares acadêmicos distintos, por meio dos quais se promovem diálogos epistemológicos com Certeau. A análise teórica que se segue busca dialogar com um conceito de escrita que considera a História como uma “escrita de mortos”. Expressões como escrita, narrativa, representação, morte e assombro são consideradas com o fito na “problematização” que se apresenta. De uma parte da obra de Michel de Certeau, almeja-se uma polissemia em contato com diferentes historiadores apresentados no desenvolvimento do texto; faz-se alusão a um episódio da peça shakespeariana “Hamlet” e às noções psicanalíticas apresentadas por Michel de Certeau com fulcro em textos de Sigmund Freud e Jacques Lacan. Palavras-chave: Teoria da História. Escrita da História. História.
Acessibilidade documental e autoridade compartilhada: pela construção de uma história pública
Authors: Werle Bibiana 
Published: September 2017

Focalizando a temática mais ampla acerca de abusos do esquecimento provocados por narrativas oficiais locais e, consequentemente, sobre a implicação disso em relação ao ofício dos historiadores e historiadoras, este artigo perscruta caminhos que reflitam sobre a construção de narrativas históricas que levem em conta a participação cidadã no seu processo de realização e divulgação. Para isso, o texto está dividido em duas partes. Inicialmente, a informação sobre a exígua quantidade de arquivos públicos municipais no Brasil é objeto de apreciação levando em conta tanto a legislação nacional que advoga pela acessibilidade, proteção e gestão pública documental, como as dificuldades e carências em relação à institucionalização e à manutenção de arquivos municipais, e também as orientações normativas e ações desenvolvidas pelo CONARQ no intuito de fomentar a implementação destas instituições. Num segundo momento, a discussão em torno dos esquecimentos e ocultamentos propiciados por narrativas oficiais locais é abordada em relação a um específico município do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, possibilitando a reflexão acerca da construção de narrativas locais que observem o princípio de uma autoridade compartilhada. Desenha-se, assim, uma análise que leva em consideração uma história pública em que historiadoras e historiadores contem com a atuação colaborativa de agentes locais que possam problematizar e recobrar vestígios sobre o passado obliterados por mecanismos públicos que, no tempo presente, intentam agir como vetores de uma determinada memória. Palavras-chave: Arquivos Municipais. História Local. Documentos Públicos.
Morphology‐Control Strategy of the Superhydrophobic Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Surface for Efficient Bubble Adhesion and Wastewater Remediation
Authors: Zhang Chunhui , Cao Moyuan , Ma Hongyu , Yu Cunlong , Li Kan , Yu Cunming , Jiang Lei 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAs one common form of gas existing in aqueous environment, gas bubbles have attracted considerable worldwide attention, owing to their promising applications in industrial production and daily life, such as pressure sensors, the recovery of valuable minerals from ores, aeration process, and water treatment. Usually, the behaviors of gas bubbles in aqueous environment are mainly dominated by buoyancy force. It drives the gas bubbles out of aqueous medium rapidly, which is unfavorable in various processes, especially in wastewater treatment. In this paper, various types of superhydrophobic poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) sheets are facilely fabricated, such as five‐pointed star, triangle, circular, and ellipse. Compared with other shapes of superhydrophobic PMMA sheets, the prepared superhydrophobic PMMA circular sheet is capable of efficiently adhering gas bubbles and subsequently elongating their retention time in an aqueous environment. Furthermore, superhydrophobic PMMA circular sheet arrays are prepared, which can greatly improve the degradation efficiency of methyl blue by ozone (O3). The investigations indicate that the present approach will find wild applications in bubble‐related fields and provide people with inspirations to develop efficient methods to manipulate gas bubbles in aqueous environment.
Rechargeable Solid‐State Li–Air and Li–S Batteries: Materials, Construction, and Challenges
Authors: Liu Yijie , He Ping , Zhou Haoshen 
Published: September 2017

AbstractNonaqueous Li–air and Li–S batteries are attracting considerable interest because of their outstanding theoretical capacities and energy densities. However, despite the substantial progress in their development, safety remains an issue because of the flammability of their organic electrolytes. Moreover, the electrolyte volatilization of Li–air batteries and “shuttle effect” in Li–S batteries seriously hinder their development. The use of solid‐state Li–air and Li–S batteries is one of the best solutions. Nevertheless, many challenges remain in solid electrolytes, electrodes, and interfaces. In this review, a comprehensive discussion on the development of solid‐state Li–air and Li–S batteries is provided. The discussion begins with introduction of the progress in solid electrolytes, including their ionic conductivities and chemical stabilities. It then moves on to the cathodes of both batteries and the interface between electrolytes and electrodes. The reaction process inside the cathode is also presented. Suggestions for the optimization of composite cathodes and modification of the electrode–electrolyte interface are provided in the end. Intensive effort is required for the development of solid‐state Li–air and Li–S batteries in the future.
Mutual compensation of the effects of religious and ethnic homogamy on reproduction
Authors: Huber Susanne , Fieder Martin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivesHomogamy, mating based on similarity, has been demonstrated for a great variety of traits such as age, education, religion, and physical and psychological traits. Recently, pro‐fertile effects of religious as well as educational homogamy have been reported. We investigate whether ethnic homogamy also has a pro‐fertile effect and whether ethnic and religious homogamy interact in their putative effects on reproduction (in terms of average number of offspring).MethodsWe analyzed the association between ethnic as well as religious homogamy and woman's average number of offspring based on census data from ten countries provided by IPUMS international, encompassing a total of 1,485,433 married women aged 46‐60 years (who have thus completed or almost completed reproduction) and their spouses.ResultsWe find a clear pro‐fertile but nonadditive effect of both ethnic and religious homogamy, which is most pronounced in the case of double homogamy. Our results further indicate that homogamy for one trait may compensate for heterogamy of the other, albeit countries differ regarding which trait compensates for the other.ConclusionsWe suggest that the interaction between ethnic homogamy, religious homogamy, and reproduction provides an interesting example for gene‐culture co‐evolution.