bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High serological and molecular prevalence of Ehrlichia canis and other vector-borne pathogens in dogs from Boa Vista Island, Cape Verde
Authors: Checa Rocio , Peteiro Laura , Pérez-Hernando Belén , de la Morena María , Cano Lourdes , López-Suárez Pedro , Barrera Juan Pedro , Estévez-Sánchez Efrén , Sarquis Juliana , Fernández-Cebrián Blanca , Montoya Ana , Miró Guadalupe 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDespite the high global impacts of canine vector-borne diseases (CVBD) due to their wide distribution and zoonotic potential, the current epidemiological situation of CVBD in many tropical and subtropical regions remains unknown. This study examines the seroprevalence and molecular prevalence of Ehrlichia canis and other pathogens causing CVBDs (Leishmania infantum, Dirofilaria immitis, Babesia spp., Anaplasma spp. and Hepatozoon canis) in dogs living on the island of Boa Vista (Cape Verde Republic). Blood samples and infesting ticks were taken from 150 dogs across the island (stray, shelter, and pet dogs). Serum samples were tested using a rapid immunochromatographic test (Uranotest® Quattro) that detects antibodies against E. canis, L. infantum, Anaplasma spp. and D. immitis antigen. Levels of serum antibodies against E. canis were measured using the immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). In addition, tick-borne pathogens in blood samples (Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp., Hepatozoon spp., and Ehrlichia canis) were detected by microscopy observation and/or PCR plus sequencing. The seroprevalence of E. canis was extremely high at 82% (123/150), as revealed by both immunochromatography and IFAT. Most dogs returning a seropositive test result (82.92%; 102/123) had antibody titres > 1:1280 but showed no clinical signs or notable laboratory abnormalities. Of the 123 animals testing seropositive for E. canis, 67 (54.47%) also presented antibodies against Anaplasma spp., and 13 (10.56%) showed the presence of Hepatozoon spp. gamonts in the blood smear. Ehrlichia canis infection was detected in 17.1% (25/146) of dogs tested by direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products. Co-infections were detected in seven of these dogs: four dogs tested PCR-positive for both E. canis and A. platys, two dogs tested positive for E. canis and Hepatozoon spp., and one dog tested positive for E. canis, A. platys and Hepatozoon spp. Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato was the only tick species found infesting the canine study population. The high prevalence of tick-borne pathogens detected in dogs from Boa Vista Island highlights a need for improved control measures designed to prevent the transmission of these pathogens.
Graphical Abstract
Neuropsychiatric symptoms and lifelong mental activities in cerebral amyloid angiopathy – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dörner Marc , Tyndall Anthony , Hainc Nicolin , von Känel Roland , Neumann Katja , Euler Sebastian , Schreiber Frank , Arndt Philipp , Fuchs Erelle , Garz Cornelia , Glanz Wenzel , Butryn Michaela , Schulze Jan Ben , Schiebler Sarah Lavinia Florence , John Anna-Charlotte , Hildebrand Annkatrin , Hofmann Andreas B. , Machetanz Lena , Kirchebner Johannes , Tacik Pawel , Grimm Alexander , Jansen Robin , Pawlitzki Marc , Henneicke Solveig , Bernal Jose , Perosa Valentina , Düzel Emrah , Meuth Sven G. , Vielhaber Stefan , Mattern Hendrik , Schreiber Stefanie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
While several studies in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) focus on cognitive function, data on neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and lifelong mental activities in these patients are scarce. Since NPS are associated with functional impairment, faster cognitive decline and faster progression to death, replication studies in more diverse settings and samples are warranted.

Methods
We prospectively recruited n = 69 CAA patients and n = 18 cognitively normal controls (NC). The number and severity of NPS were assessed using the Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) Assessment Scale’s (ADAS) noncognitive subscale. We applied different regression models exploring associations between NPS number or severity and group status (CAA vs. NC), CAA severity assessed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), ADAS cognitive subscale), adjusting for age, sex, years of education, arterial hypertension, AD pathology, and apolipoprotein E status. Mediation analyses were performed to test indirect effects of lifelong mental activities on CAA severity and NPS.

Results
Patients with CAA had 4.86 times (95% CI 2.20-10.73) more NPS and 3.56 units (95% CI 1.94–5.19) higher expected NPS severity than NC. Higher total CAA severity on MRI predicted 1.14 times (95% CI 1.01.-1.27) more NPS and 0.57 units (95% CI 0.19–0.95) higher expected NPS severity. More severe white matter hyperintensities were associated with 1.21 times more NPS (95% CI 1.05–1.39) and 0.63 units (95% CI 0.19–1.08) more severe NPS. NPS number (MMSE mean difference − 1.15, 95% CI -1.67 to -0.63; ADAS cognitive mean difference 1.91, 95% CI 1.26–2.56) and severity (MMSE − 0.55, 95% CI -0.80 to -0.30; ADAS cognitive mean difference 0.89, 95% CI 0.57–1.21) predicted lower cognitive function. Greater lifelong mental activities partially mediated the relationship between CAA severity and NPS (indirect effect 0.05, 95% CI 0.0007-0.13), and greater lifelong mental activities led to less pronounced CAA severity and thus to less NPS (indirect effect − 0.08, 95% CI -0.22 to -0.002).

Discussion
This study suggests that NPS are common in CAA, and that this relationship may be driven by CAA severity. Furthermore, NPS seem to be tied to lower cognitive function. However, lifelong mental activities might mitigate the impact of NPS in CAA.
Effect of osteopenia and osteoporosis on failure of first and second dental implants: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Frumkin Nathalie , Iden Jennifer Ana , Schwartz-Arad Devorah 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The present study evaluated osteopenia (OPN) and osteoporosis (OP) as risk factors for dental implant failure and repeat failure.

Methods
We performed a retrospective study on over 100 randomly selected patients per analysis to determine the effect of health status, smoking status, sex, implant location and operative conditions on first and second (re-implantation) implant survival. Analyses were conducted first using chi-squared test, followed by multiple logistic regression for significant variables.

Results
In the cohort examining the effect of myriad risk factors on second implant survival, it was found that OPN and OP greatly impacted implant survival, wherein patients with osteoporosis or osteopenia had significantly more implant failures (p = 0.0353). Sex and operative conditions had no effect on implant survival, while implant location showed a notable effect wherein significantly more failures occurred in the maxilla vs mandible (p = 0.0299). Upon finding that OPN and OP have a significant effect on second implant survival, we conducted an additional study focusing on the impact of health status. Based on the multiple logistical regression analysis, we found that OPN and OP are the most significant factor in first implant survival (p = 0.0065), followed by diabetes (p = 0.0297). Importantly, it was observed that early implant failure is also significantly correlated with osteoporosis (p = 0.0044).

Conclusion
We show here a marked relationship in which the risk of first and second implant failure are significantly higher in patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia.
Perceived loneliness: Why are Syrian refugees more lonely than other newly arrived migrants in Germany?
Authors: Rüdel Julia , Joly Marie-Pier 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMigration often impacts the mental and emotional health of those needing to move from their home countries. Studies have focused on migrants’ levels of distress or well-being, and recent research looks at older migrants’ experience with loneliness. What has yet to be researched is how different migrant groups experience loneliness, and how these feelings are affected by the contexts of leaving one country and reception in another. Drawing on the theoretical framework of integration, this article asks whether newly arrived refugees in Germany differ in their perception of loneliness from other newly arrived migrants. It examines these perceptions as related to social contacts and the context—and interplay—of exit and reception. Using OLS regressions with data from the Recent Immigration Processes and Early Integration Trajectories in Germany (ENTRA) project, we find that Syrian refugees have higher levels of loneliness than migrant groups from Poland, Italy, and Turkey. The difference is largely attributable to Syrians not having local German contacts, surviving traumatic experiences at home, and migrating specifically for physical safety. We also find that discrimination and not being in the labor force are determinants of loneliness across all four groups, and that even when considering migrant origins and other effects, having local social contacts lowers levels of loneliness. Our results point to migration policies, such as those related to family reunification and labor market access, for producing inequalities in loneliness between Syrian refugees and other migrants in Germany.
Association between the visceral leishmaniasis vector Lutzomyia longipalpis and tree families in a Brazilian tropical urban area
Authors: Mesquita Marcelo Ribeiro , de Morais Lima Leonardo Henrique Guedes , Agarwal Shivani , Soares Maria Regiane Araujo , Werneck Guilherme Loureiro , Costa Carlos Henrique Nery 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected disease endemic to many tropical and subtropical countries. In Brazil, VL is caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania infantum and is transmitted by the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis. The geographical variation in the incidence of the disease in certain urban areas of Brazil suggests a possible association with features of the urban landscape. The objective of this study was to verify the association of urban tree families with the presence of the vector Lu. longipalpis.

Methods
The study area of the municipality of Teresina, capital of the State of Piauí. The sand flies were captured using CDC light traps—one placed close to the houses, on a tree in the backyard, less than 5 m from the house, and another in the living room. The traps remained three consecutive nights, or, at the most, alternating days, working 12 h a night (from 6 p.m. to 6 a.m.), during 2016 and 2017.

Results
Tree species were identified in an area of 100 m radius around CDC-type traps for capturing Lu. longipalpis installed in household backyards. Association between tree families and the occurrence of Lu. longipalpis was evaluated using the Fisher exact test and multiple correspondence analysis. Both Anacardiaceae (represented by mango and cashew trees) and Meliaceae (neem) families were more commonly found around sand fly traps capturing fewer Lu. longipalpis. Conversely, Fabaceae (several species of legumes) and Myrtaceae (guava) trees were associated with traps capturing higher number of VL vectors. In multiple correspondence analysis, the presence of trees from the Myrtaceae, Combretaceae (Almond), Fabaceae and Arecaceae (different species of palm trees) families were grouped with traps capturing high number of insects.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that trees from the Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Combretaceae, and Arecaceae families might potentially attract sand flies, and Anacardiaceae and Meliaceae families may have a repellent effect. Finer analyses to distinguish the specific effects from the different species of the Anacardiaceae (mango and cashew), Arecaceae and Fabaceae families are still needed. The manipulation of urban landscaping might be a useful and clean alternative to help in the control of urban VL.
Pomegranate juice recuperates N’-Nitrosodiethylamine-induced kidney injury: evidence from biochemical and histological approaches
Authors: Husain Hadiya , Ahmad Riaz 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Pomegranate is considered as one of the oldest elixirs having various properties. Renal fibrosis is a preliminary sign of pathological degradation in most ailments related to kidney. Several efforts have been made for the discovery of cost-effective and safe therapeutics for the alleviation of renal diseases. There is a major dearth of studies on the action of pomegranate juice (PGJ) against NDEA-instigated kidney injury. This study investigates the protective and antifibrotic action of PGJ in restricting the occurrence of experimental renal fibrosis in Wistar rats. Renal injury was generated by a single intraperitoneal dose of 10 ml kg−1 b.wt. (1% NDEA stock), while fresh PGJ (i.p.) in doses of 2 ml kg−1 b.wt was administered thrice a week on alternate days for two weeks to observe amelioration. The renal function indices (blood urea, creatinine, and uric acid), SOD, CAT, LPO levels and renal anatomy (H&E, MT, Picrosirius and SEM) were investigated.

Results
The assessment of renal function demonstrates augmented levels of blood urea, creatinine and uric acid in NDEA-administered groups in comparison with controls. SOD, CAT declined significantly in NDEA Day-7- and Day-14-treated animals, while the MDA levels raised by ~ 70.5% and ~ 76.3% in these groups, respectively. However, supplementation of PGJ provided recuperation from these elevated levels in injured groups. H&E staining of the controls exhibited normal renal structure with intact glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule, while NDEA generated congestion of glomerular tuft, convoluted tubules with cloudy swelling and multiple subsidence of the renal tissue. Noticeable presence of collagen fibers in the interstitium of cortex region of kidney was observed by MT staining along with gross ultrastructural deterioration in NDEA-administered animals by electron microscopy. PGJ supplementation exhibited restoration of renal anatomy and physiology.

Conclusions
Pomegranate may be considered as a potent nutraceutical to prevent NDEA-induced renal damage and may be included as a daily dietary supplement.
SOX7 inhibits the malignant progression of bladder cancer via the DNMT3B/CYGB axis
Authors: Zhang Jingcheng , Zhang Wentao , Liu Ji , Liu Yuchao , Jiang Yufeng , Ainiwaer Ailiyaer , Chen Hanyang , Gu Zhuoran , Chen Haotian , Mao Shiyu , Guo Yadong , Xu Tianyuan , Xu Yunfei , Wu Yuan , Yao Xudong , Yan Yang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBladder cancer (BCa) stands out as a highly prevalent malignant tumor affecting the urinary system. The Sex determining region Y-box protein family is recognized for its crucial role in BCa progression. However, the effect of Sex determining region Y-box 7 (SOX7) on BCa progression has not been fully elucidated. Herein, RNA-sequencing, western blot (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF) and tissue microarray were utilized to assess SOX7 expression in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, SOX7 expression, prognosis, and SOX7 + cytoglobin (CYGB) score were analyzed using R software. In vitro and vivo experiments were performed with BCa cell lines to validate the effect of SOX7 knockdown and overexpression on the malignant progression of BCa. The results showed that SOX7 exhibits low expression in BCa. It functions in diverse capacities, inhibiting the proliferative, migratory, and invasive capabilities of BCa. In addition, the experimental database demonstrated that SOX7 binds to the promoter of DNA methyltransferase 3 beta (DNMT3B), leading to the transcriptional inhibition of DNMT3B. This subsequently results in a reduced methylation of CYGB promoter, ultimately inhibiting the tumor progression of BCa. SOX7 + CYGB scores were significantly linked to patient prognosis. In conclusion, SOX7 inhibits the malignant progression of BCa via the DNMT3B/CYGB axis. Additionally, the SOX7 + CYGB score is capable of predicting the prognostic outcomes of BCa patients. Therefore, SOX7 and CYGB may play an important role in the progression of bladder cancer, and they can be used as prognostic markers of bladder cancer patients.
Optical properties of the 1D quasiperiodic photonic crystals comprising gyroidal superconductor for THz applications
Authors: Elsayed Hussein A. , El-Sherbeeny Ahmed M. , Nayak Suryakanta , Abukhadra Mostafa R. , Mehaney Ahmed 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The present research proposes a quasiperiodic 1D photonic crystal structure, which is designed with a successive arrangement of gyroidal geometry-based Bismuth Strontium Calcium Copper Oxide (BSCCO) superconducting material and SiO2 following a 10th order of Fibonacci sequences. The numerical simulation is carried out using the transfer matrix method to study the transmittance characteristics over a broad band of THz frequency range. The effects of various structural parameters such as filling fraction of BSCCO in the gyroidal layer, hosting materials of the gyroidal layer, and the Fibonacci sequence order on the transmission spectrum are extensively analyzed. It is observed that by suitably dealing with these parameters, we can easily control the number of stop bands, and the cutoff frequency as well. Therefore, the designed structure can be considered as an apt candidate for multichannel filtering applications in the THz frequency regime.
Body Mass Index and Diabetes Incidence Across the Adult Lifespan: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
Authors: Malandrino Noemi , Metter E Jeffrey , Simonsick Eleanor M , Egan Josephine M , Chia Chee W , Walston Jeremy D , Ferrucci Luigi , Kalyani Rita R 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context
Body composition and glucose metabolism change with aging. Whether different levels of body-mass-index (BMI) are needed to define diabetes risk across the adult lifespan is unknown.

Objective
This work aimed to investigate whether BMI similarly reflects relative fat mass (FM) and diabetes risk across age groups.

Methods
Participants without diabetes from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (973 men, 1073 women), stratified by age (&lt;50, 50-59, 60-69, ≥70 years) and categorized by either World Health Organization (WHO)-defined BMI categories (for normal weight, overweight or obesity) or BMI quartiles. The primary exposure was BMI. The primary outcome was diabetes incidence. The relationship of BMI to dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry–derived FM was also investigated in older vs younger participants.

Results
The median (range) follow-up time was 7.1 years (range, 0-29.0 years). Within WHO-defined BMI categories, different age groups demonstrated significantly different FM percentage, FM/lean mass, and waist circumference (P &lt; .05). WHO-defined BMI categories for overweight and obesity were generally related to higher diabetes risk compared to normal weight in all ages except 50 to 59 years. When BMI was categorized by quartiles, diabetes incidence increased dramatically beginning in quartile 2 (23-25 kg/m2) in older groups. BMI cutoffs with equivalent diabetes incidence rate as BMI 25 kg/m2 and 30.0 kg/m2 in individuals younger than 50 years were 22.7 kg/m2 and 25.2 kg/m2 for ages 50 to 59 years; 22.8 kg/m2 and 25.0 kg/m2 for ages 60 to 69 years; and 23.2 kg/m2 and 25.8 kg/m2 for ages 70 years and older, respectively.

Conclusion
WHO-defined BMI categories do not reflect similar diabetes risk across the lifespan. Diabetes incidence is greater at lower levels of BMI in older adults and may lead to underestimation of diabetes risk with aging, particularly among those traditionally classified as normal-weight individuals.
Determining ethical criteria for admissions to a rehabilitation unit: a survey of senior rehabilitation physicians
Authors: Friedman Alan , Jotkowitz Alan , Novack Victor , Treger Iuly 
Published: September 2024

Background/Aims There is great demand for the beds in the new rehabilitation department in the authors' hospital. To determine ethical criteria for admission to the department, all senior rehabilitation physicians in the country were surveyed regarding their willingness to admit patients in various ethical scenarios. The aim was to determine whether there are consensus ethical principles governing whom to admit to the limited beds. Methods The survey was administered to senior medical personnel responsible for admissions decisions. Out of the 54 people contacted, 30 completed the surveys (all were fully completed apart from one survey in which one clinical scenario was not answered). Results Over 90% of respondents agreed to not admit non-compliant patients or to give precedence to those who were considered to be very important people, and 88% agreed on admitting a homeless patient. First come, first served was not considered an important criterion. Cronbach's alpha was <0.6. There was no consensus on most of the issues presented. Conclusions It remains difficult to pinpoint what rehabilitation physicians consider ethical ‘givens’. This research suggests that no specific ethical principle underlying the triage decisions in rehabilitative medicine can be discerned. Larger studies are warranted. Implications for practice No ethically or specific principle underlying the triage decisions in rehabilitative medicine can be discerned. What one doctor may consider a clear ethical decision another physician may not concur.
Inappropriate use of nocebic language in prehospital care: a cautionary tale
Authors: Newton Andrew 
Published: September 2024

Background: Nocebic communication can impair patient outcomes and increase their risk of post-traumatic stress disorder. It could therefore be legitimately regarded as a patient safety issue. Aims: This study aimed to determine whether nocebic effects (negative outcomes) induced by potentially harmful word and language choices commonly occur in clinical practice involving paramedics and other emergency responders. Methods: Five publicly available televised excerpts of prehospital care encounters were reviewed. Cases typically involved the treatment of patients who had sustained serious traumatic injuries. The incidence of words and language patterns commonly associated with nocebo effects were collected using a template to enable relevant dialogue to be tracked and recorded. Results: Emergency responders, typically paramedics and doctors in these examples, frequently employed nocebic words and poor language pattern choices even though less harmful forms of communication were available and more clinically appropriate. Conclusions: Inappropriate nocebic effect-inducing language is frequently used by emergency response personnel, potentially inflicting avoidable pain and anxiety.
After Deportation: Chechen and Ingush Sufi Groups and their Zikr Rituals in Soviet Kazakhstan
Authors: Albogachieva Makka S.-G. , Kemper Michael 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The present paper investigates the history of the Kunta-Hajji (Qadiriyya) Sufi groups (virds) of Chechen and Ingush deportees during their enforced exile in Soviet Kazakhstan (1944–1957/1963). On the basis of anthropological fieldwork among survivors, returnees, and their offspring, the authors argue that the Ingush and Chechen deportees perceived the virds as an important moral support network and a pillar of their identity in a foreign and inimical environment. In the absence of dominant shaykhs and formal chains of transmissions, flat hierarchies allowed for an easy admission into the virds, and for flexibility in the adaptation of the “loud” zikr circle dances to the terrible conditions of forced exile. The article reviews the various groups and their particular practices. Of particular interest is the emergence of a new vird among Chechen believers in northern Kazakhstan, and the integration of female participants into the zikr ritual of that group.