bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Default mode network tau predicts future clinical decline in atypical early Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Katsumi Yuta , Howe Inola A , Eckbo Ryan , Wong Bonnie , Quimby Megan , Hochberg Daisy , McGinnis Scott M , Putcha Deepti , Wolk David A , Touroutoglou Alexandra , Dickerson Bradford C 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Identifying individuals with early-stage Alzheimer’s disease (AD) at greater risk of steeper clinical decline would enable better-informed medical, support and life planning decisions. Despite accumulating evidence on the clinical prognostic value of tau PET in typical late-onset amnestic AD, its utility in predicting clinical decline in individuals with atypical forms of AD remains unclear. Across heterogeneous clinical phenotypes, patients with atypical AD consistently exhibit abnormal tau accumulation in the posterior nodes of the default mode network of the cerebral cortex. This evidence suggests that tau burden in this functional network could be a common imaging biomarker for prognostication across the syndromic spectrum of AD.
Here, we examined the relationship between baseline tau PET signal and the rate of subsequent clinical decline in a sample of 48 A+/T+/N+ patients with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia due to AD with atypical clinical phenotypes: Posterior Cortical Atrophy (n = 16); logopenic variant Primary Progressive Aphasia (n = 15); and amnestic syndrome with multi-domain impairment and young age of onset &lt; 65 years (n = 17). All patients underwent MRI, tau PET and amyloid PET scans at baseline. Each patient’s longitudinal clinical decline was assessed by calculating the annualized change in the Clinical Dementia Rating Sum-of-Boxes (CDR-SB) scores from baseline to follow-up (mean time interval = 14.55 ± 3.97 months).
Atypical early AD patients showed an increase in CDR-SB by 1.18 ± 1.25 points per year: t(47) = 6.56, P &lt; 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.95. Across clinical phenotypes, baseline tau in the default mode network was the strongest predictor of clinical decline (R2 = 0.30), outperforming a simpler model with baseline clinical impairment and demographic variables (R2 = 0.10), tau in other functional networks (R2 = 0.11–0.26) and the magnitude of cortical atrophy (R2 = 0.20) and amyloid burden (R2 = 0.09) in the default mode network.
Overall, these findings point to the contribution of default mode network tau to predicting the magnitude of clinical decline in atypical early AD patients 1 year later. This simple measure could aid the development of a personalized prognostic, monitoring and treatment plan, which would help clinicians not only predict the natural evolution of the disease but also estimate the effect of disease-modifying therapies on slowing subsequent clinical decline given the patient’s tau burden while still early in the disease course.
Integrated Two Step Co-Pyrolysis Under Several Low-Cost Natural Catalyst to Produce of Aromatic-Rich Liquid Fuel from Mixed Municipal Solid Waste
Authors: Gandidi Indra Mamad , Sukrawan Y , Kuntadi Iwa , Pambudi Nugroho Agung , Hamni Arinal 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The world's increasing human population and industrial activities have resulted in an enormous rise in energy consumption throughout the years. A severe attention has developed regarding an impending energy crisis caused by the depletion of fossil fuel supplies and their contribution to environmental degradation. As a result, it is necessary to investigate and make use of non-fossil energy sources for the purpose of maintaining demand stability as well as creating a sustainable green environment. Pyrolysis is a reliable method to convert materials from municipal solid waste to useful energy. Hence, the co-pyrolysis of unsegregated municipal solid waste was investigated in this study using an integrated two-step pyrolysis by double reactor that was supported by various natural catalysts such as zeolite, dolomite, and kaolin at 550 °C for 210 minutes as constant variables in which it has not been reported previously. To obtain the physical and chemical properties, liquid fuel was subjected to ASTM and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analyses and examining the impact of each catalyst on its characteristics. The aromatic fraction was prominent in the liquid fuel yields produced by kaolin and zeolite catalysts (57.4 and 46.1% peak area, respectively). Meanwhile, the greatest liquid fuel was produced by using dolomite as catalyst. The viscosity and density of liquid fuel with dolomite, kaolin, and zeolite were 10.83, 4.25, and 4.04 mm2/s and 0.88, 0.89, and 1.01 g/cm3, respectively. Conversely, the corresponding calorific values for zeolite, kaolin, and dolomite are 41.37, 41.09, and 41.19 MJ/kg. Its physical characteristics are comparable to those of common fuels like petrol-88, which was utilized in Indonesia as a vehicle fuel.
Inborn errors of immunity-related immunological mechanisms and pharmacological therapy alternatives in periodontitis
Authors: Nabiyeva Çevik Nadira , Berker Ezel , Tezcan Ilhan , Cagdas Deniz 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Periodontitis is a frequent local inflammatory disease. The microbiota and repeated exposure to bacterial endotoxins triggers excessive inflammation through oral mucosal immunity and sometimes leads to a destructive effect on the supportive mucosal tissues around the teeth. Elimination of the pathogens and increasing the tolerance of the cellular immune response is crucial in addition to standard dental therapies like mechanical debridement. Based on our experience with immune-mediated diseases, especially primary immunodeficiency diseases, we wrote this review to discuss the treatment alternatives for severe periodontal disease. Risk factors are malnutrition, vitamin deficiencies, smoking, systemic inherited and acquired immune-mediated diseases, infections, endocrinological diseases, and pharmacological agents that may accompany periodontitis. The diagnosis and treatment of dietary deficiencies, as well as the addition of nutritional supplements, may aid in epithelial regeneration and immune system function. Recently, modifications to the therapeutic option for severe periodontitis have been made depending on the fact that the immune response against bacteria may modify the severity of periodontal inflammation. The anti-inflammatory therapies support or inhibit the host’s immune response. The clinical approach to severe periodontitis should extend beyond classical therapies. There is a need for a diverse therapeutic strategy that supports the epithelial barrier, which is the crucial component of innate immunity against microbiota. Leukocytes are the main cellular component in periodontal inflammation. Anti-inflammatory therapeutic options directed at leukocytes, such as IL-17 and IL-23-targeted therapies, could be the candidates for the treatment of severe periodontitis. Therapy against other inflammatory cytokines, IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, IL-23, TNF-alpha, PGE2, and cytokine receptors, could also be used in periodontal inflammation control.
Changes in 24-hour blood pressure profile after 12 weeks of dapagliflozin treatment in patients with diabetic kidney disease: an Italian multicenter prospective study
Authors: Borrelli Silvio , Garofalo Carlo , Reboldi Gianpaolo , Coppola Annapaola , Chiodini Paolo , Simeoni Mariadelina , Mazzieri Alessio , della Volpe Luca , Gallieni Maurizio , Zummo Carola , Cottone Santina , Ravera Maura , Aucella Filippo , Aucella Francesco , Stallone Giovanni , Gismondi Valeria , Alberici Federico , Gregori Marco , Castellano Giuseppe , Vettoretti Simone , Cozzolino Mario , Ruotolo Chiara , Minutolo Roberto , De Nicola Luca 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) lower ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; whether the same holds true in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is unknown. This information is critical to the knowledge of mechanisms of nephroprotection and safety of this therapy.

Methods
This multicenter prospective study evaluates the changes in ABP after 12 weeks of dapagliflozin 10 mg/day in a cohort of patients with type 2 DKD and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) &gt;25 mL/min/1.73 m2. Primary endpoint was the change of nighttime systolic blood pressure (SBP). Changes of daytime SBP, prevalence of normal dipping (day/night SBP ratio &lt;0.9) and changes in ABP patterns, that is, sustained uncontrolled hypertension (SUCH), white coat uncontrolled hypertension (WUCH), masked uncontrolled hypertension (MUCH) and controlled hypertension (CH) were secondary endpoints.

Results
Eighty-three of 96 patients completed the study [age 68.7 ± 8.9 years, 73.5% males, GFR 49 ± 17 mL/min/1.73 m2, median albuminuria: 0.18 (interquartile range 0.10–0.38) g/24 h]. After 12 weeks of dapagliflozin, nighttime SBP declined by −3.0 mmHg (95% confidence interval −5.2/−0.8 mmHg; P = .010) with an improvement of nighttime SBP goal (&lt;110 mmHg) from 18.0% to 27.0% (P &lt; .001). Similarly, the prevalence of normal dipping increased (from 31.3% to 50.6%, P = .005). A decrease in daytime (−2.4 mmHg; P = .046) and office (−7.9 mmHg; P = .009) SBP was also found. The decline of ambulatory and office SBP was associated with increased prevalence of CH (from 6.0% to 18.0%) and significant improvement of SUCH, WUCH and MUCH (P = .009). Albuminuria decreased (P &lt; .001), whereas eGFR did not change (P = .297). Urinary tract infection (4.2%) and acute kidney injury (3.6%) were the main causes of drop-out. Only one patient showed a drop of nighttime SBP below 90 mmHg.

Conclusions
Dapagliflozin is associated with improvement in circadian blood pressure rhythm with no major safety signal related to excessive blood pressure decrease.
Particle swarm optimization method applied in total life cycle materials allocation of electricity engineering projects in the green and low-carbon supply chain
Authors: Si Jiandong , Shao Xuwei , Wu Jianfeng , Zhao Xin , Ye Weijing , Wang Jing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Power grid enterprises face the problem of unbalanced supply and demand of power materials and unequal distribution; intelligent allocation of power materials can optimize the distribution and use of power resources through advanced technology and algorithms to ensure the efficient use of energy and stable supply. In this paper, the whole life cycle cost model of power supply chain is constructed and solved by improved particle swarm optimization (PSO). This algorithm combines the advantages of standard PSO and genetic algorithm (GA), avoids their disadvantages effectively, and realizes the effect of complementary advantages. This paper proposes using the sum of the costs associated with warehousing, transportation, and service penalties in the supply chain of electrical power projects as the objective function, thereby achieving the goal of optimal supply chain costs. In this study, the improved PSO algorithm is used to optimize the objective function, and the optimization results are compared with those of standard PSO algorithm and GA, revealing that its convergence is superior to the other two algorithms. Considering the influence of different factors on the cost, the superiority of the improved PSO algorithm is further verified.
Assessing indoor air quality and health risks of air conditioner usage in residential buildings under hot and arid climatic conditions: insights from field studies and questionnaire analysis
Authors: Benyamine Mébirika , Fezzioui Naïma , Alkhafaji Mohammed Ayad , Kaid Noureddine , Benti Natei Ermias , Menni Younes 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The prevalence of air conditioners (ACs) in regions with hot and arid climates raises significant health concerns for users. This study investigates the impact of AC usage on health and indoor air quality in Kenadsa, Bechar, located in southwest Algeria. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 300 residents to identify symptoms associated with AC use. Additionally, dust accumulation in filters was measured in 20 households with varying occupancy types to assess the relationship between particle generation and room usage. Temperature and relative humidity were also recorded in two rooms, one equipped with an evaporative cooler and the other with a split-type AC, to compare their thermal performance. The findings reveal that occupant behavior and building usage significantly contribute to particle generation, with AC operating speed notably impacting filter contamination. Evaporative coolers increase temperature and humidity levels compared to split-type ACs, with their effectiveness depending on proper ventilation. Most respondents begin using ACs in May, prefer operating them during midday and nighttime, and express concerns about thermal shock and AC lifespan. Furthermore, many participants are lax in dust removal, potentially worsening indoor air pollution. A significant portion of respondents report various health issues linked to prolonged exposure to conditioned air but show limited awareness of AC filter maintenance and its health implications. This study highlights the complex interplay between human behavior, AC usage patterns, and indoor air quality, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to promote responsible AC use, improve filter maintenance practices, and mitigate associated health risks in hot and dry climates.
Next-Generation SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Formulations and Alternative Routes of Administration
Authors: Babu Tara M , Jackson Lisa A , El Sahly Hana M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The development of SARS-CoV-2 next-generation vaccines with the potential for increased effectiveness, durability, breadth, and ability to decrease transmission are of public health importance. We highlight alternative routes of administration of next-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines such as mucosal and intradermal administration.
Dosimetric commissioning of a high-resolution CMOS 2D detector array for patient-specific QA of single-isocenter multi-target VMAT stereotactic radiosurgery
Authors: Teng Ching-Ling , Lin Shih-Chi , Lovelock Dale Michael , Lim Seng Boh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) using the single-isocenter-multiple-target (SIMT) technique by volumetric modulated arc therapy is increasingly popular for treating multiple brain metastases. However, the complex nature of SIMT SRS necessitates rigorous patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA). This study presents a multi-institutional dosimetric commissioning of a high-resolution complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) 2D detector array, the myQA SRS device for SIMT SRS PSQA. Basic dosimetric properties such as dose-rate, field-size, energy and angular dependencies were characterized for the CMOS detectors. Additionally, gamma index analyses were performed between the measured dose and the films for nine simulated and clinical plans. The results showed that the CMOS detector was dose-rate, field-size, energy and beam-angle dependent. Specific to SIMT SRS, angular dependence on gantry rotations was invariant to couch rotations but was sensitive to off-isocenter distances. With appropriate dose calibration and angular corrections, myQA SRS showed a high dosimetric correlation with films. The average gamma index pass rates were 99.9 ± 0.03% and 99.2 ± 1.1% at 3%/2 mm/10%thr(global) and 1 mm/1%/10%thr(local) criteria, respectively. The average dose difference between myQA SRS and films was 0.4 ± 1.3%. In conclusion, the CMOS 2D detector array has demonstrated its potential as a reliable tool for PSQA for SIMT SRS. The excellent dosimetric agreement with the films was consistent in multiple institutions, further validating the dosimetric accuracy and reproducibility. It provides a timely alternative to film dosimetry for commissioning and quality assurance.
Massively parallel binding assay (MPBA) reveals limited transcription factor binding cooperativity, challenging models of specificity
Authors: Jana Lang Tamar , Brodsky Sagie , Manadre Wajd , Vidavski Matan , Valinsky Gili , Mindel Vladimir , Ilan Guy , Carmi Miri , Jonas Felix , Barkai Naama 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
DNA-binding domains (DBDs) within transcription factors (TFs) recognize short sequence motifs that are highly abundant in genomes. In vivo, TFs bind only a small subset of motif occurrences, which is often attributed to the cooperative binding of interacting TFs at proximal motifs. However, large-scale testing of this model is still lacking. Here, we describe a novel method allowing parallel measurement of TF binding to thousands of designed sequences within yeast cells and apply it to quantify the binding of dozens of TFs to libraries of regulatory regions containing clusters of binding motifs, systematically mutating all motif combinations. With few exceptions, TF occupancies were well explained by independent binding to individual motifs, with motif cooperation being of only limited effects. Our results challenge the general role of motif combinatorics in directing TF genomic binding and open new avenues for exploring the basis of protein–DNA interactions within cells.
Core enhancers of the 3′RR optimize IgH nuclear position and loop conformation for successful oriented class switch recombination
Authors: Bruzeau Charlotte , Martin Ophélie , Pollet Justine , Thomas Morgane , Ba Zhaoqing , Roulois David , Pinaud Eric , Le Noir Sandrine 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In B lymphocytes, class switch recombination (CSR) is an essential process that adapts immunoglobulin (Ig) subtypes to antigen response. Taking place within the Ig heavy chain (IgH) locus, CSR needs controlled transcription of targeted regions governed by the IgH 3′ regulatory region (3′RR). This super-enhancer is composed of four core enhancers surrounded by inverted repeated sequences, forming a quasi-palindrome. In addition to transcription, nuclear organization appears to be an important level in CSR regulation. While it is now established that chromatin loop extrusion takes place within IgH locus to facilitate CSR by bringing the donor and acceptor switch regions closer together, the underlying mechanism that triggers CSR loop formation remains partially understood. Here, by combining DNA 3D fluorescence in situhybridization with various high-throughput approaches, we deciphered critical functions for the 3′RR core enhancer element in nuclear addressing, accessibility and chromatin looping of the IgH locus. We conclude that the 3′RR core enhancers are necessary and sufficient to pre-organize the position and conformation of IgH loci in resting B-cell nuclei to enable the deletional recombination events required for productive successful CSR in activated B-cell nuclei.
Various plasmid strategies limit the effect of bacterial restriction–modification systems against conjugation
Authors: Dimitriu Tatiana , Szczelkun Mark D , Westra Edze R 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In bacteria, genes conferring antibiotic resistance are mostly carried on conjugative plasmids, mobile genetic elements that spread horizontally between bacterial hosts. Bacteria carry defence systems that defend them against genetic parasites, but how effective these are against plasmid conjugation is poorly understood. Here, we study to what extent restriction–modification (RM) systems—by far the most prevalent bacterial defence systems—act as a barrier against plasmids. Using 10 different RM systems and 13 natural plasmids conferring antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli, we uncovered variation in defence efficiency ranging from none to 105-fold protection. Further analysis revealed genetic features of plasmids that explain the observed variation in defence levels. First, the number of RM recognition sites present on the plasmids generally correlates with defence levels, with higher numbers of sites being associated with stronger defence. Second, some plasmids encode methylases that protect against restriction activity. Finally, we show that a high number of plasmids in our collection encode anti-restriction genes that provide protection against several types of RM systems. Overall, our results show that it is common for plasmids to encode anti-RM strategies, and that, as a consequence, RM systems form only a weak barrier for plasmid transfer by conjugation.
Van der Waals epitaxial growth of single-crystal molecular film
Authors: Liu Lixin , Gong Penglai , Liu Kailang , Huang Bingrong , Zhang Zhihao , Fu Yingshuang , Wu Yu , Zhao Yinghe , Wang Meihui , Xu Yongshan , Li Huiqiao , Zhai Tianyou 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Epitaxy is the cornerstone of semiconductor technology, enabling the fabrication of single-crystal film. Recent advancements in van der Waals (vdW) epitaxy have opened new avenues for producing wafer-scale single-crystal 2D atomic crystals. However, when it comes to molecular crystals, the overall weak vdW force means that it is a significant challenge for small molecules to form a well-ordered structure during epitaxy. Here we demonstrate that the vdW epitaxy of Sb2O3 molecular crystal, where the whole growth process is governed by vdW interactions, can be precisely controlled. The nucleation is deterministically modulated by epilayer–substrate interactions and unidirectional nuclei are realized through designing the lattice and symmetry matching between epilayer and substrate. Moreover, the growth and coalescence of nuclei as well as the layer-by-layer growth mode are kinetically realized via tackling the Schwoebel-Ehrlich barrier. Such precise control of vdW epitaxy enables the growth of single-crystal Sb2O3 molecular film with desirable thickness. Using the ultrathin highly oriented Sb2O3 film as a gate dielectric, we fabricated MoS2-based field-effect transistors that exhibit superior device performance. The results substantiate the viability of precisely managing molecule alignment in vdW epitaxy, paving the way for large-scale synthesis of single-crystal 2D molecular crystals.
Cosolvent electrolyte chemistries for high-voltage potassium-ion battery
Authors: Shen Mengkang , Dai Zhongqin , Fan Ling , Fu Hongwei , Geng Yuanhui , Guan Jie , Sun Fanfei , Rao Apparao M , Zhou Jiang , Lu Bingan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
The poor oxidation resistance of traditional electrolytes has hampered the development of high-voltage potassium-ion battery technology. Here, we present a cosolvent electrolyte design strategy to overcome the high-voltage limitations of potassium-ion electrolyte chemistries. The cosolvent electrolyte breaks the dissolution limitation of the salt through ion–dipole interactions, significantly enlarging the anion-rich solvation clusters, as verified by the insitu synchrotron-based wide-angle X-ray scattering experiments. Furthermore, the large anion-rich solvation clusters also facilitate the formation of an effective electrode–electrolyte interphase, thereby enhancing compatibility with high-voltage electrodes. The cosolvent electrolyte enables K||Prussian blue cells (2–4.5 V) to operate for &gt;700 cycles with a capacity retention of 91.9%. Our cosolvent electrolyte design strategy paves new avenues for the development of high-voltage potassium-ion batteries and beyond.