bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Europium (III)‐modified sunflower‐derived carbon dots for fluorescent anti‐counterfeiting inks and photocatalysis
Authors: Chu Kunyu , Wang Congling , Cui Xuemin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA highly water‐soluble and fluorescent N,S‐doped carbon dots/europium (N,S‐CDs/Eu) was successfully synthesized via a secondary hydrothermal method. This involved surface modification of N,S‐CDs derived from sunflower stem pith (SSP) with europium ions (Eu3+) doping. When excited within the range of 400–470 nm, N,S‐CDs/Eu exhibited a stable and broad optimal emission wavelength ranging from 505 to 540 nm. Notably, the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of N,S‐CDs/Eu is 31.4%, significantly higher than the 19.5% observed for N,S‐CDs. Additionally, by dissolving N,S‐CDs/Eu into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a uniform fluorescent anti‐counterfeiting ink can be prepared. The N,S‐CDs/Eu/TiO2 composite demonstrates excellent photocatalytic degradation ability towards the organic dye methylene blue (MB). N,S‐CDs/Eu has potential in the field of fluorescent inks and photocatalysis due to its simple and efficient preparation and excellent properties.
Partitioning behavior of short DNA fragments in polymer/salt aqueous two‐phase systems
Authors: Meutelet Rafaela , Bisch Lea J. , Buerfent Benedikt C. , Müller Markus , Hubbuch Jürgen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe development of liquid biopsy as a minimally invasive technique for tumor profiling has created a need for efficient biomarker extraction systems from body fluids. The analysis of circulating cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) is especially promising, but the low amounts and high fragmentation of cfDNA found in plasma pose challenges to its isolation. While the potential of aqueous two‐phase systems (ATPS) for the extraction and purification of various biomolecules has already been successfully established, there is limited literature on the applicability of these findings to short cfDNA‐like fragments. This study presents the partitioning behavior of a 160 bp DNA fragment in polyethylene glycol (PEG)/salt ATPS at pH 7.4. The effect of PEG molecular weight, tie‐line length, neutral salt additives, and phase volume ratio is evaluated to maximize DNA recovery. Selected ATPS containing a synthetic plasma solution spiked with human serum albumin and immunoglobulin G are tested to determine the separation of DNA fragments from the main plasma protein fraction. By adding 1.5% (w/w) NaCl to a 17.7% (w/w) PEG 400/17.3% (w/w) phosphate ATPS, 88% DNA recovery was achieved in the salt‐rich bottom phase while over 99% of the protein was removed.
Lauric acid with or without levodopa ameliorates Parkinsonism in genetically modified model of Drosophila melanogaster via the oxidative–inflammatory–apoptotic pathway
Authors: Idowu Olumayowa K. , Dosumu Olufunke O. , Boboye Ayodeji S. , Oremosu Ademola A. , Mohammed Abdullahi A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD), the most prevalent type of Parkinsonism, is a progressive neurological condition characterized by a range of motor and non‐motor symptoms. The complicated etiology of PD is thought to involve a summation of aging, genetic predisposition, and environmental variables. However, the α‐synuclein protein plays a significant role in the disease's pathophysiology.Materials and methodsThe UAS‐α‐Syn and Ddc‐Gal4 strains were crossed to produce offspring referred to as PD flies. The entire population of flies was divided into five groups, each having about 100 flies and five replicates. The control group (w1118) and the PD group not receiving treatment were exposed to lauric acid (LA)/levodopa (LD)‐free diet, while the PD groups that received treatments were fed with either a 250 mg/kg LA diet, a 250 mg/kg LD diet, or a combination of the two for 21 days. Longevity, geotaxis, and olfactory assays were performed in addition to other biochemical tests.ResultsAs a result of the overexpression of α‐synuclein, the locomotive capacity, lifespan, and antioxidant status were all significantly (p < .05) reduced, and the apoptotic and neuroinflammatory activities were increased. Nevertheless, the majority of the treated flies improved significantly (p < .05).ConclusionLA, whether combined with LD or not, elicited a significant response in α‐synuclein/dopa decarboxylase genetically modified Drosophila melanogaster Parkinsonism models.
Antivenom Properties and Chemical Profiling via Molecular Networking of Mimosa gracilis Extracts
Authors: Alexandre Gerso P. , da Silva Marcia M. , Clemente Alan D. , Torres Ana M. , Magalhães Marta R. , Pasqualotto Severino Vanessa G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe species Mimosa gracilis var. capillipes (Benth.) Barneby is used for its antivenom properties in the Coqueiros community, municipality of Catalão, state of Goiás. This study focused on three varieties: M. gracilis Benth. var. gracilis, M. gracilis var. capillipes (Benth.) Barneby, and M. gracilis var. invisiformis Barneby. The chemical profiles of extracts from these varieties were analysed using molecular networking through liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Additionally, the study investigated the inhibitory potential of these three varieties against the proteolytic, coagulant, and phospholipase activities of Bothrops and Crotalus venoms. In vitro results confirmed the antivenom potential of nine extracts. Remarkably, the ethanolic extracts of roots from M. gracilis var. capillipes (Benth.) Barneby and the leaves from M. gracilis Benth. var. gracilis exhibited 100 % inhibition of the tested activities. The study also revealed 19 annotated compounds through molecular networking, reported for the first time in the species M. gracilis.
Selective Dissolution of Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystals Using a Pyrophosphate Specific Receptor
Authors: Paine Zachary H. , Sharma Mayank , Friedman Simon H. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPseudo‐gout is caused by the deposition of highly insoluble calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals in the joints of sufferers. This leads to inflammation and ultimately joint damage. The insolubility of CPPD is driven by the strong attraction of di‐cationic calcium ions with tetra‐anionic pyrophosphate ions. One of the challenges of dissolving CPPD is that a related mineral, hydroxy apatite (HA) is present in larger amounts in the form of bone and also contains strongly interacting calcium and phosphate ions. Our aim in this work was to selectively dissolve CPPD in preference to HA. To accomplish this, we used a known receptor for pyrophosphate that contains two complexed zinc ions that are ideally spaced to interact with the tetra‐anion of pyrophosphate. We hypothesized that such a molecule could act as a preorganized tetra‐cation that would be able to outcompete the two calcium ions present in the crystal lattice of CPPD. We demonstrate both visually and through analysis of released phosphorous that this molecule is able to preferentially dissolve CPPD over the closely related HA and thus can form the basis for a possible approach for the treatment of pseudo‐gout.
Enhancing Cellular and Enzymatic Properties Through In Vivo Continuous Evolution
Authors: Chu Weiran , Guo Yaxin , Wu Yaokang , Lv Xueqin , Li Jianghua , Liu Long , Du Guocheng , Chen Jian , Liu Yanfeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDirected evolution seeks to evolve target genes at a rate far exceeding the natural mutation rate, thereby endowing cellular and enzymatic properties with desired traits. In vivo continuous directed evolution achieves these purposes by generating libraries within living cells, enabling a continuous cycle of mutant generation and selection, enhancing the exploration of gene variants. Continuous evolution has become powerful tools for unraveling evolution mechanism and improving cellular and enzymatic properties. This review categorizes current continuous evolution into three distinct classes: non‐targeted chromosomal, targeted chromosomal, and extra‐chromosomal hypermutation approaches. It also compares various continuous evolution strategies based on different principles, providing a reference for selecting suitable methods for specific evolutionary goals. Furthermore, this review discusses the two primary limitations for further widespread application of in vivo continuous evolution, which are lack of general applicability and insufficient mutagenic capability. We envision that developing generally applicable mutagenic components and methods to enhance mutation rates for in vivo continuous evolution are promising future directions for wide range applications of continuous evolution.
Clinical outcomes and coronary artery lesion characteristics of young patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction and no standard modifiable risk factors
Authors: Lan Nick S. R. , Chih HuiJun , Brennan Angela L. , Dwivedi Girish , Figtree Gemma A. , Dinh Diem , Stub Dion , Reid Christopher M. , Ihdayhid Abdul Rahman ,   The ASPECT Investigators
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAmong ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, those with no standard modifiable risk factors (SMuRFs: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking) have higher 30‐day mortality than those with SMuRFs. Differences in coronary lesion characteristics remain unclear.MethodsData from STEMI patients aged ≤60 years from the Asia Pacific Evaluation of Cardiovascular Therapies Network (Australia, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, and Vietnam) was retrospectively analysed. Exclusion criteria included incomplete SMuRF data, prior myocardial infarction, or prior coronary revascularisation. Lesion type was defined using the American College of Cardiology criteria. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were defined as peri‐procedural myocardial infarction, emergency coronary artery bypass surgery, cerebrovascular event, or mortality. Multiple logistic regressions were used.ResultsOf 4404 patients, 767 (17.4%) were SMuRFless. SMuRFless patients were more frequently younger (median age 51 vs. 53 years; p < 0.001), female (22.6% vs. 15.5%; p < 0.001), thrombolysed (20.1% vs. 12.5%; p < 0.001), and in cardiogenic shock (11.2% vs. 8.6%; p = 0.020). SMuRFless patients had significantly higher in‐hospital MACE (7.2% vs. 4.3%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.25; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24–4.08; p = 0.008) but 1‐year mortality was not significantly different (3.6% vs. 5.7%, aOR 0.58; 95% CI 0.06–6.12; p = 0.549). Compared with patients with SMuRFs (4918 lesions), the SMuRFless (940 lesions) had fewer type B2/C lesions (60.8% vs. 65.6%; p = 0.020) and fewer lesions ≥20 mm (51.1% vs. 57.1%; p = 0.002) but more procedural complications (5.1% vs. 2.7%; p < 0.001).ConclusionsAmong young STEMI patients, the SMuRFless have shorter and less complex lesions, but worse procedural and short‐term MACE outcomes.
Recent Advantages on Mass Transfer Structure Construction in Transition Metal‐Based Cost‐Effective Catalyst Toward Alkaline Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Zhang Xuehua , Zhang Li , Lv Songlei , Xu Guodong , Shi Jiawei , Li Jing , Cai Weiwei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) can be combined with various reactions to fabricate electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices while the slow kinetics and poor mass transfer capability at high current densities are the key constraints to its large‐scale application. Therefore, this review primarily focuses on design and optimization of mass transfer structures of TM‐metal‐based OER catalysts. Nanostructuring, porous design, and the creation of hierarchical architectures have been applied during catalyst synthesis to enhance the surface area and accessibility, thereby improving mass transfer and catalytic OER efficiency. Strategies including doping, substrate invitation, soft/hard templating have been utilized to accelerate mass transfer as well as the ion/electron conduction efficiency for the overall improvement of OER performance of the catalysts. These developments underline the critical role of advanced material design in achieving high‐performance OER catalysts and highlight the potential of TM‐based materials in cost‐effective and scalable applications.
Protocol: Factors contributing to the discontinuation of breastfeeding upon women's return to work: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Scotta Ana Veronica , Barral Paula Eugenia , Farre Ailin , Soria Elio Andrés 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows. In order to understand the variables affecting breastfeeding in working women, this systematic review will aim to determine the factors associated with early breastfeeding cessation upon women's return to work within a Social‐Ecological framework. This will be achieved by answering the following questions: Which individual factors are associated with early discontinuation of breastfeeding upon returning to work?; Which interpersonal factors are associated with early discontinuation of breastfeeding upon returning to work?; Which community factors are associated with early discontinuation of breastfeeding upon returning to work?; Which institutional factors are associated with early discontinuation of breastfeeding upon returning to work?; Which public policies are associated with early discontinuation of breastfeeding upon returning to work?
Low‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Predicted Risk in Young Adults
Authors: Zheutlin Alexander R. , Luebbe Samuel , Chaitoff Alexander , Stulberg Eric L. , Wilkins John T. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundYoung adults with elevated LDL‐C may experience increased burden of additional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. It is unclear how much LDL‐C levels, a modifiable factor, correlate with non‐LDL‐C CVD risk factors among young adults or how strongly these CVD risk factors are associated with long‐term predicted CVD risk. We quantified clustering of non‐LDL‐C CVD risk factors by LDL‐C among young adults to assess the association between non‐LDL‐C and LDL‐C risk factors with predicted CVD risk in young adults.MethodsThe current analysis is a cross‐sectional study of adults < 40 years with an LDL‐C< 190 mg/dL participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between January 2015 and March 2020. We measured the prevalence of non‐LDL‐C risk factors by LDL‐C and association between LDL‐C and non‐LDL‐C risk factors with predicted risk of CVD by the Predicting Risk of cardiovascular disease EVENTs (PREVENT) equations.ResultsAmong 2108 young adults, the prevalence of LDL‐C ≥ 130 mg/dL was 15.5%. Compared with young adults with LDL‐C < 100 mg/dL, those with LDL‐C 100–< 130, 130–< 160, and 160–< 190 mg/dL had greater non‐LDL‐C risk factors. Both LDL‐C and non‐LDL‐C risk factors were independently associated with a 30‐year risk of CVD (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03–1.07 and OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.12–1.23, respectively). The association of LDL‐C and 30‐year risk did not vary by non‐LDL‐C risk factor burden (pinteraction = 0.43).ConclusionNon‐LDL‐C risk factors cluster among increasing levels of LDL‐C in young adults. Greater guidance on how to manage cardiovascular risk factors in young adults is needed.
Development of Integrin Targeting Chimeras (ITACs) for the Lysosomal Degradation of Extracellular Proteins
Authors: Zhou Yaxian , Liao Yaxian , Zhao Yuan , Tang Weiping 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe emerging of lysosomal targeting chimera (LYTAC) expands the field of targeted protein degradation (TPD) to include the extracellular proteins for precise depletion. However, most of the reported LYTACs either induce ubiquitous degradation of the protein of interest (POI) in a broad range of tissues or specifically target liver cells. More tissue‐selective degraders are highly desirable. Herein, we describe the development of cyclic RGD (cRGD) peptide‐antibody conjugates as a novel class of integrin targeting chimeras (ITACs) with potential cancer selectivity. Our results indicate that the ITACs are able to recruit integrin to induce the degradation of both soluble and membrane targets in the lysosome. We observed higher efficiency of ITACs on degrading membrane protein in cancer cells, providing a promising platform for cancer‐selective TPD strategy.
Phenotypic‐Based Discovery and Exploration of a Resorufin Scaffold with Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Tran Eric , Cheung Chen‐Yi , Li Lucy , Carter Glen P. , Gable Robert W. , West Nicholas P. , Kaur Amandeep , Gee Yi Sing , Cook Gregory M. , Baell Jonathan B. , Jörg Manuela 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTuberculosis remains a leading cause of death by infectious disease. The long treatment regimen and the spread of drug‐resistant strains of the causative agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) necessitates the development of new treatment options. In a phenotypic screen, nitrofuran‐resorufin conjugate 1 was identified as a potent sub‐micromolar inhibitor of whole cell Mtb. Complete loss of activity was observed for this compound in Mtb mutants affected in enzyme cofactor F420 biosynthesis (fbiC), suggesting that 1 undergoes prodrug activation in a manner similar to anti‐tuberculosis prodrug pretomanid. Exploration of the structure‐activity relationship led to the discovery of novel resorufin analogues that do not rely on the deazaflavin‐dependent nitroreductase (Ddn) bioactivation pathway for their antimycobacterial activity. These analogues are of interest as they work through an alternative, currently unknown mechanism that may expand our chemical arsenal towards the treatment of this devastating disease.
Model order reduction and sensitivity analysis for complex heat transfer simulations inside the human eyeball
Authors: Saigre Thomas , Prud'homme Christophe , Szopos Marcela 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHeat transfer in the human eyeball, a complex organ, is significantly influenced by various pathophysiological and external parameters. Particularly, heat transfer critically affects fluid behavior within the eye and ocular drug delivery processes. Overcoming the challenges of experimental analysis, this study introduces a comprehensive three‐dimensional mathematical and computational model to simulate the heat transfer in a realistic geometry. Our work includes an extensive sensitivity analysis to address uncertainties and delineate the impact of different variables on heat distribution in ocular tissues. To manage the model's complexity, we employed a very fast model reduction technique with certified sharp error bounds, ensuring computational efficiency without compromising accuracy. Our results demonstrate remarkable consistency with experimental observations and align closely with existing numerical findings in the literature. Crucially, our findings underscore the significant role of blood flow and environmental conditions, particularly in the eye's internal tissues. Clinically, this model offers a promising tool for examining the temperature‐related effects of various therapeutic interventions on the eye. Such insights are invaluable for optimizing treatment strategies in ophthalmology.
Molecular Mechanism of Physical and Mechanical Improvement in Graphene/Graphene Oxide‐Epoxy Composite Materials
Authors: Budak Deniz , Sarikurt Sevil , Gur Tugce , Ozkanakti Harun , Alagoz Huseyin , Eryol Feyza , Yildirim Erol 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe performance provided by graphene (Gr) and graphene oxide (GO) additives can be improved by achieving strong adhesion and uniform dispersion in the epoxy resin matrix. In this study, molecular modeling and simulation of DGEBA/DETA based epoxy nanocomposites containing Gr and GO additives were performed. Density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate interfacial interaction energies and Young's Modulus. Improvement in the interaction energies was studied by controlling the epoxy:hardener ratio, type and the number of oxygen‐containing functional groups on the GO, the mass percentage of Gr/GO filler in the epoxy matrix, size and dispersion of GO in the cell. It was demonstrated that functional groups with up to 10 % oxygen content in GO significantly increase interfacial interaction energy for large size Gr/GO. Increasing DETA type amine ratio in the preparation of epoxy polymers increases the interaction energy for high oxygen content while decreasing the interaction energy for low oxygen content in GO for small size GO with edge functional groups. The performance of material dramatically decreased even at high DETA hardener and high GO mass percentages when the aggregation factor of Gr/GO was included in simulations that explain lower Gr/GO percentages in the experimental studies.
Chromogenic Chemosensor for Simultaneous Detection of PO43− and CO32− Anions in Organo‐Aqueous Solutions: Application in Arduino Based Electronic Color Sensor Device and Logic Gate
Authors: Dhawale Annasaheb , Trivedi Darshak R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThree new chromogenic receptors have been synthesized with the primary objective of facilitating the selective recognition of PO43−and CO32− ions in an organo‐aqueous medium. R1 and R2 exhibit an extraordinary detection limit aligning with both EPA and WHO guidelines. R1 shows LOD of 0.135 ppm for PO43− and 0.175 ppm for CO32−, while R2 sets forth a LOD of 0.427 ppm for PO43− and 0.729 ppm for CO32−. The binding mechanism involves intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) band are substantiated by comprehensive studies that include UV‐Vis titration, 1H‐NMR titration, DFT studies and electrochemical studies. Chemosensors were employed in the formulation of logic gate, the fabrication of a paper strip test kit and its application in RGB color sensor device.
The abundance and distributional (in)equalities of forageable street tree resources in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Adeyemi Opeyemi , Shackleton Charlie M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractForaging for wild resources links urban citizens to nature and biodiversity while providing resources important for local livelihoods and culture. However, the abundance and distributional (in)equity of forageable urban tree resources have rarely been examined. Consequently, this study assessed the abundance of forageable street trees and their distribution in Lagos metropolis, Nigeria. During a survey of 32 randomly selected wards across 16 local government areas (LGAs) in the metropolis, 4017 street trees from 46 species were enumerated. The LGA with the highest number of street trees was Ikeja, with 818 trees, while Lagos Island had the lowest count, with two trees. This disparity in tree numbers could be attributed to variations in human population density within each LGA. Ninety‐four percent of the street trees surveyed had at least one documented use and 76% had two, making them potentially forageable. However, the most common species had relatively low forageability scores. Only 5.6% of the total street tree population was rated as highly forageable, with a usability score of at least 11 out of 15. The most forageable street trees were fruit trees and non‐native species. The forageable street trees in the LGAs showed a significant disparity in their distribution, as evidenced by a Gini coefficient of 0.81. Overall, richer neighborhoods had a higher street tree abundance, richness, and forageability potential. To meet greening and foraging goals and address the current inequitable distribution, we suggest allocating more funds for greening, particularly in low‐income neighborhoods. Further research should evaluate forageable species from other sites to acquire a detailed understanding of the distribution and abundance of forageable resources in Lagos metropolis.