bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CИНТЕЗ И МОДИФИКАЦИЯ АЗИДА НИКОТИНОВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ
Authors: Нуркенов О.A. , Мендибаева А.Ж. , Сейлханов Т.М. , Нурмаганбетов Ж.С. , Кабиева С.К. , Сыздыков А.К. , Фазылов С.Д. 
Published: October 2024

Производные никотиновой кислоты обладают широким спектром биологической активности и находят различное применение в медицинской практике в качестве препаратов первой линий для лечения туберкулеза [1], легочной артериальной гипертензии [2], эпилепсии, зависящей от витамина B6 [3], ингибиторов фактора свертывания крови IXa [4,5], ингибиторов вируса иммунодефицита человека [6,7] и др. Следует отметить, что пиридиновый цикл входит в состав многих жизненно важных органических соединений, что определяет одну из его доминирующих ролей среди гетероциклов. Поэтому разработка удобных методов синтеза новых производных никотиновой кислоты является актуальной проблемой, поскольку эти соединения представляют интерес как в практическом, так и в теоретическом плане. Целью данной работы является целенаправленный синтез азида никотиновой кислоты и осуществление его дальнейшей модификации с целью получения новых фармакологически активных соединений.
В настоящей работе осуществлен синтез азида никотиновой кислоты взаимодействием нитрита натрия с гидразидом никотиновой кислоты с выходом 99%. Изучено взаимодействие азида никотиновой кислоты со спиртами (изопропиловый и бутиловый спирты) и вторичным амином (алкалоидом цитизином). Показано, что при нагревании в среде сухого бензола азид никотиновой кислоты претерпевает перегруппировку Курциуса, с образованием изоцианата, который далее реагирует in situ со спиртами и амином (алкалоидом цитизином) с образованием соответствующих уретанов и мочевины. С целью синтеза производных 1,2,3-триазола осуществлено взаимодействие азида никотиновой кислоты с терминальным ацетиленом - проп-2-иниловым эфиром 3-трет-бутил-5-этил-2-гидроксибензойной кислоты в среде ДМФА и нагревании (70-80оС) в присутствии медного купороса СuSO4×5H2O и аскорбата натрия (NaAsc). Установлено, что в результате реакции образуется не ожидаемое 1,2,3-триазольное соединение, а 3-аминопиридин и исходное ацетиленовое соединение. Показано, что при нагревании получаемый азид разлагается с образованием промежуточной частицы - нитрена, и последующая миграция пиридильного радикала к атому азота (перегруппировка Курциуса) приводит к изоцианату. В результате гидратации изоцианата и последующего декарбоксилирования из образовавшейся карбаминовой кислоты получается 3-аминопиридин. Строение синтезированных соединений подтверждено на основании анализа данных ЯМР 1Н- и 13С-спектроскопии, а также двумерных спектров COSY (1H-1H) и HMQC (1H-13C).
БАҒАЛЫ ҚАҒАЗДАР НАРЫҒЫН МЕМЛЕКЕТТІК РЕТТЕУ МӘСЕЛЕЛЕРІ
Authors: Елшібаев Р.Қ. 
Published: October 2024

Елімізде қор биржасының белсенділігі айтарлықтай арта түсті. Әсіресе жеке инвесторлар сегментінің кеңеюі байқалады. Ол елдегі экономикалық тұрақтылыққа, инфляция деңейіне, халықтың нақты табысының өсуіне тікелей байланысты. Сондықтан да елдегі тұрақтылық, халықтың әл-ауқатын арттыру, экономикалық өсім, ақша-несие жүйесі, бизнес субъектілерінің белсенділігі басты назарда болуы тиіс. Жеке тұлғалардың бағалы қағаздарды сатып алуға қызығушылығының артуына пандемия да өзінің ықпалын тигізді. Жеке инвесторлар банктік депозиттерге баламалы көздерді, қосымша табыс табу жолдарын қарастыра бастады. Сонымен қатар брокерлік қызметтерді цифрландыру барлық қызығушылық танытқандарға инвестициялауға қол жетімділікті қамтамасыз етті.
2020жылдан бастап екінші деңгейлі банктерге брокерлік қызметті жүргізуге рұқсат берілуі, олардың белсенділігін арттыра түсті. Қазір еліміздің жекелеген банктері (Халық банк, Банк Центр Кредит) мобильді қосымшалары арқылы бағалы қағаздарын сатуды іске асыра алады. Қазір тек ірі компаниялар ғана емес шағын және орта бизнес субъектілерінің де бағалы қағаздар нарығындағы белсенділігін жоғарылату бойынша жұмыстар жасалып жатыр. Сондықтан да бағалы қағаздар нарығына бастапқы кезеңде мемлекеттің араласуы, қолдау және реттеу бойынша жүйелі жұмыстар атқаруы өте маңызды.
Мақалада елімізде қор нарығын дамытудың қажеттілігі және мемлекеттік реттеу мәселелері қарастырылған. Бағалы қағаздар нарығын мемлекеттік реттеудің маңызы, негізгі мақсаты және іске асыру құралдары мен негізгі тәсілдері көрсетілген, сондай-ақ, өзекті мәселелері анықталып, оларды шешу жолдары ұсынылған.
Street Mathematics as an Applied Technique in Solving Problems of the Market Vendors in the Municipality of Talavera, Nueva Ecija: A Case Study
Authors: Etrata Karen 
Published: October 2024

This study aimed at identifying and analyzing the techniques applied in street mathematics in solving problems. It involved a total of ten(10) market vendors selling different products in the public market of Talavera, Nueva Ecija. Using the Descriptive Case Study Design, the following were the findings of the study: (1) The salt, shoe and utensil vendors did not finish elementary; chicken vendor completed elementary; fish and fruit vendor were not able to finish high school; vegetable and cloth/RTW vendor were high school completers; grocery/cooking oil vendor have reached college; and school supply vendor finished college. (2) The techniques used by the participants in solving problems are learned through their personal experiences, which include mental computations, finger counting, arithmetic, computations by pattern, question analysis, guess and check method, and written computations; (3) The market vendors’ calculations, sometimes, end up with wrong summation of the total amount of items. However, it can be overcome through written computations; (4) The instructional module can be used as a teaching guide to teach students the strategies for using street mathematics to solve mathematical problems. So that, students will discover the beauty of mathematics and learn how to approach problems in an informal way. In view of the aforementioned findings, the following conclusions are drawn; (1) Regardless of the educational background, the participants have mastered the principles of street mathematics which they apply when they perform calculations while selling. (2) The selected market vendors solved the given problems in pragmatic way. (3) The problem-solving skills of the market vendors have limitations because not all the techniques taught in school can be learned through their experiences in their workplace. (4) The instructional module will help the students learn some other strategies in solving mathematical problems independently, not only through formal approach but through informal approach as well.
The Link between Corporate Board and Financial Performance: Evidence From Money Deposit Banks in Nigeria
Authors: Musa Musa Muhammad , Adamu Idris Adamu , Hussaini Bala 
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the effect of board structure on financial performance of listed DMBs in Nigeria, using a sample of ten (10) DMBs. The study covers a period of 10years (2011-2020) and employed correlation research design. Random effect regression was adopted. The study found that gender diversity on board has a statistically significant positive effect on the financial performance of listed DMBs in Nigeria. The regression result shows that increasing the size of the board does not affect financial performance. The regression analysis also revealed that increasing the number of meetings held per year does not have significant effect on the profitability. Thus, increasing the number of meetings held in a year is not necessarily going to improve financial performance. It is recommended that listed DMBs should focus on expanding the quota of female directors serving on the board, as this will help to increase the companies' profitability potential.
SEXUALIDADE NA TERCEIRA IDADE
Authors: Jamyres dos Santos Pereira  , Rafaella Fernandes Fabris  , Adriana Keila Dias  
Published: October 2024

Este artigo faz uma abordagem sobre a importância da sexualidade na terceira idade e as, medidas de prevenção para doenças sexualmente transmissíveis. Tem como objetivo analisar e compreender quais as medidas que devem ser tomadas na prevenção de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis na terceira idade. Nesse contexto, a justificativa desse estudo está voltada para a importância de trazer à tona discussões sobre as ISTs na terceira idade, uma vez que este tema possui grande relevância tanto na formação acadêmica, quanto no campo de desenvolvimento profissional. Nessa perspectiva apresenta o seguinte questionamento como principal problemática: Quais os fatores que promovem a vulnerabilidade dos idosos as ISTs? E qual o papel do profissional de enfermagem para intervir na redução desses casos? A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada é a bibliográfica a qual possibilitou identificar os principais pontos de vistas dos estudos referentes à sexualidade na terceira idade. Assim, os resultados desse estudo demonstram que é fundamental os profissionais de saúde em especial os enfermeiros que eles compreendam e considerem a sexualidade no cuidado aos idosos, promovendo uma abordagem abrangente que leve em conta a importância do equilíbrio emocional e físico nesta etapa da vida. A conclusão que se chegou por meio dessa pesquisa é que há uma correlação positiva entre o profissional de saúde na prevenção das ISTs na terceira idade.
Palavras-Chave: Idoso, Envelhecimento, Saúde do Idoso; Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis.
IMPACTO PSICOLÓGICO, FISIOLÓGICO E SOCIAL DO EDENTULISMO
Authors: Silva COSTA CINARA , Barbacena Araujo Vinicius , Miguel de  Oliveira Josué 
Published: October 2024

Introdução: O edentulismo é uma condição que acarreta consequências significativas em diferentes aspectos da vida do cidadão. Consequências em âmbitos social, psicológico e até mesmo fisiológico podem ser observados diariamente em nosso cotidiano. Os tratamentos disponíveis, como próteses removíveis, pontes fixas e implantes dentários, devem ser personalizados de forma a atender às necessidades individuais de cada pacientes. Alem dos altos custos dos materiais biocompatíveis, essa personalização eleva ainda mais esses valores. Tornando, essa, uma realidade cada vez mais distante em um país onde, com estimativa crescente, 67,8 milhões de pessoas vivem na pobreza e 12,7 milhões na extrema pobreza.Objetivos: Analisar as evidências científicas disponíveis com o objetivo não unicamente defornecer uma visão abrangente e atualizada sobre o tema, mas, excitar e expirar futuros projetos de ampliação ao acesso preventivo e resolutivo da condição.Metodologia: Foram coletadas informações em forma de estudos no período de 17/04/2022 até 20/04/2024 em bases do Pubmed e Scielo e periódicos com estudos realizados em universidades federais a nível de mestrado e doutorado. Tendo como critério de exclusão todo e qualquer estudo patrocinado por instituições e/ou fabricantes direto ou indiretamente ligados ao tema e como critérios de inclusão, estudos com ensaios clínicos em seres humanos.
CFD analysis of key factors impacting the aerodynamic performance of the S830 wind turbine airfoil
Authors: Nhung Le Thi Tuyet , Van Y Nguyen , Cong Truong Dinh , Dinh Quy Vu 
Published: October 2024

The Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC) reported that in 2021, global wind capacity increased by 93.6 GW (+12%), reaching a total of 837 GW, most of which was contributed by wind turbines. Improving wind turbine performance primarily hinges on advancements in blade technology and airfoil design. This study examines the effect of profile thickness on the aerodynamic performance of the S830 airfoil at a Reynolds number of 25,148, as part of the NREL airfoil's aerodynamic performance research. However, the impacts of additional variables—such as angle of attack, Reynolds number, speed range, and particularly ice accretion—have not been thoroughly investigated. This study utilized a 2D CFD model provided by the commercial software ANSYS Fluent and FENSAP-ICE. The lift-to-drag ratio of the S830 wind turbine airfoil was examined, considering the effects of angle of attack, wind speed, Reynolds number, airfoil thickness, and ice accretion. Additionally, design-related solutions will be suggested. The research indicates that the optimal angle of attack increases the lift-to-drag ratio by approximately 250% compared to a zero angle of attack. An increase in wind speed causes this coefficient to rise nonlinearly within the studied velocity range. The Reynolds number directly influences the optimal angle of attack. According to CFD results, the lift-to-drag ratio can be increased by 50% if the airfoil's thickness is reduced by 20% compared to the original profile. For the ice accretion simulation model, a case test of the NACA 0012 airfoil was conducted to verify the model's parameters. Subsequently, a survey of this phenomenon on the S830 airfoil revealed that the lift coefficient decreased by 5.25% after 90 minutes of ice accretion.
PENGARUH LIVE STREAMING SHOPPING DAN AFFILIATE MARKETING TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK PADA APLIKASI TIKTOK SHOP ( Studi Kasus Mahasiswa UM Bengkulu Pengguna Aplikasi Tiktok di Kota Bengkulu )
Authors: Izumi Chalvina Firda , Nengsih Mimi Kurnia 
Published: October 2024

The title of this research is The Influence of Live Streaming Shopping and Affiliate Marketing on Product Purchasing Decisions on the Tiktok Shop Application (Case Study of Bengkulu Muhammadiyah University Students Using the Tiktok Application in Bengkulu City). This research is based on the importance of Affiliate Marketing for business companies. Several factors that influence Affiliate Marketing are Live Streaming Shopping and purchasing decisions. This research aims to determine the influence of live streaming shopping and affiliate marketing on product purchasing decisions on the TikTok Shop application.
This type of research is quantitative research with a descriptive approach. The research population is all users of the TikTok Shop application. The total sample was 100 people, taken using accidental sampling technique. Data collection uses a questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses Multiple Linear Regression analysis. Partial test results show that live streaming shopping has a positive and significant effect on the purchasing decision. Simultaneous test results show that the live streaming shopping variable and the affiliate marketing variable together have a significant effect on purchasing decisions.
Keywords: live streaming shopping, affiliate marketing, purchasing decisions
PENGARUH BRAND IMAGE, BRAND EXPERIENCE, DAN ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH TERHADAP KEPERCAYAAN KONSUMEN GUNA MENINGKATKAN KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK SKINCARE SKINTIFIC (STUDI KASUS PADA KONSUMEN MAHASISWI DI KAMPUS 4 UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH BENGKULU)
Authors: Eka Putri Ninna Jalisma , Sismanto Adi 
Published: October 2024

This study aims to analyze the direct and indirect influence of Brand Image, Brand Experience and Electronic Word of Mouth, on sales through trust. The data analysis technique uses path analysis. The population of this study is students of the management study program of the University of Muhammadiyah Bengkulu.
Based on the results of research that has been conducted on the influence of Brand Image, Brand Experience and Electronic Word of Mouth, it has a direct effect on Trust. Brand Image, Brand Experience, and Electronic Word of Mouth have an indirect effect on Sales through trust.
Key words: Brand Image, Brand Experience, Electronic Word of Mouth, Trust, sales.
Brevetoxins
Authors: Tanriverdi Zubeyde 
Published: October 2024

Brevetoxins (BTXs) are potent marine toxins produced by certain microalgae during harmful algal blooms (HABs). These lipophilic polyether compounds, notably PbTx-1 and PbTx-2, primarily affect seafood safety by bioaccumulating in filter-feeding shellfish and finfish. Human exposure to BTXs through contaminated seafood can lead to Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning (NSP), causing a range of neurological and gastrointestinal symptoms. BTXs disrupt nerve and muscle cell function by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels, affecting the initiation and propagation of action potentials.
The occurrence of BTXs in marine environments is influenced by factors such as water temperature, nutrient levels, and oceanographic conditions, which promote HAB formation. Coastal regions, particularly in temperate and subtropical zones, are susceptible to these blooms, impacting seafood safety and ecosystem health. Detection of BTXs in seafood presents challenges due to their heat stability and lack of taste or odor, necessitating specialized testing methods like LC-MS and ELISA for accurate quantification.
Regulatory agencies set maximum allowable levels for BTXs in seafood to mitigate health risks, supported by monitoring programs and industry standards. Prevention strategies include early HAB detection, closure of affected harvesting areas, and rigorous seafood processing protocols to ensure consumer safety. Continued research and innovation in BTX detection and mitigation are essential for enhancing food safety measures globally.
Gene Therapy in Neurological Diseases
Authors: Aluclu Mehmet Ufuk 
Published: October 2024

Gene therapy methods have gained importance in the fi eld of neurology in recent years and have begun to be used especially in the treatment of neurological disorders of genetic origin. Gene therapy aims to correct pathologies, neuroprotection, neurorestoration and correct
clinical fi ndings in neurological diseases. Gene transfer treatments, in which artifi cial transgenes are inserted into cells to correct the lack of expression of a damaged gene, are being tried to be provided through experimental studies for many neurological diseases.
The Small Intestine
Authors: Deniz Gulnihal , Ozturk Soylemez Derya 
Published: October 2024

This section provides a comprehensive overview of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, focusing on their anatomical characteristics, vascularization, innervation, and clinical relevance.
The duodenum, the initial segment of the small intestine, is divided into four parts: superior, descending, inferior, and ascending. The inner surface of the duodenum features numerous folds and villi that increase its surface area for nutrient absorption. Its wall structure comprises several layers, including the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa. The arterial supply to the duodenum includes branches from the Right gastric artery, Supraduodenal artery, Right gastro-omental artery, superior pancreaticoduodenal artery, and inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery. Venous drainage from the duodenum occurs through the splenic (lienal), Superior mesenteric, and Hepatic portal veins. Lymphatic drainage follows a similar path, with lymph nodes along the arteries. Neural innervation of the duodenum involves the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, facilitating the regulation of digestive processes. Clinically, conditions such as duodenal ulcers and obstructions are common issues affecting the duodenum, necessitating a thorough understanding of its anatomy for effective diagnosis and treatment.
Moving to the jejunum and ileum, this section highlights the differences between these two parts of the small intestine. The jejunum, which follows the duodenum, is characterized by a thicker wall, larger diameter, and more prominent circular folds than the ileum. The ileum, the final part of the small intestine, has a thinner wall, smaller diameter, and fewer circular folds. It also features Peyer’s patches, lymphoid tissues crucial for immune function.
The mesentery, a fold of the peritoneum, supports the jejunum and ileum, providing a conduit for blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics. A notable clinical condition associated with the ileum is the ileal diverticulum (Meckel’s diverticulum), a congenital anomaly that can lead to complications such as bleeding or inflammation.
The wall structure of the small intestine is similar to that of the duodenum, with adaptations that facilitate absorption. Circular folds, or plicae circulares, are prominent in the jejunum and gradually diminish towards the ileum, vital in increasing the surface area for nutrient absorption. In clinical practice, understanding the anatomical and functional distinctions between the jejunum and ileum and their common pathologies is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective management of gastrointestinal disorders.
Upper Extremity Muscles
Authors: Atesoglu Karabas Sibel 
Published: October 2024

The upper extremity muscles are integral to the wide range of movements and functions performed by the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand. These muscles are categorized into several groups based on their location and function. These include the shoulder (such as the deltoid and rotator cuff muscles), the upper arm (such as the biceps brachii and triceps brachii), the forearm (such as the flexors and extensors of the wrist and fingers), and the intrinsic hand muscles.
Studying upper extremity muscles is crucial for understanding how these muscles contribute to gross and fine motor skills. Research in this area often focuses on the anatomy and biomechanics of these muscles, their neural control, and their response to various conditions such as injury, disease, and rehabilitation.
This book takes a straightforward approach to understanding the upper extremity muscles, presenting them from anatomical, clinical, and healthcare perspectives. However, the key to understanding any subject is to separate it basically and transparently. The book’s content is designed to be accessible and beneficial to anatomists, neurophysiologists, and all healthcare professionals, particularly medical students.Dear readers this book aims to increase and ease your knowledge of anatomy. Briefly, you are the main target population of this book. I hope this book will help you reach high skill awareness and develop your perspective of the upper extremity muscles.
Neurosarcoidosis
Authors: Tetikkurt Cuneyt 
Published: October 2024

Neurosarcoidosis, a rare and complex manifestation of sarcoidosis, presents unique challenges in both diagnosis and management. This condition involves the central nervous system (CNS), encompassing a spectrum of neurological manifestations ranging from cranial neuropathies and meningitis to more severe complications such as seizures, cognitive impairment, and spinal cord dysfunction.
This chapter delves into the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentations, diagnostic considerations, and treatment approaches specific to neurosarcoidosis.
Treatment of Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
Authors: Tetikkurt Cuneyt 
Published: October 2024

Pulmonary sarcoidosis, a common manifestation of this complex disease, presents unique challenges in treatment due to its varied clinical presentations and potential for progressive lung damage. Management aims to control inflammation, preserve lung function, and improve symptoms, tailored to the severity and extent of pulmonary involvement.
This chapter delves into the therapeutic strategies for pulmonary sarcoidosis, encompassing first-line therapies such as corticosteroids, second-line options including immunosuppressive agents, and emerging treatments like biologics and targeted therapies. By exploring these approaches, we aim to empower healthcare providers in delivering personalized care, optimizing respiratory outcomes, and enhancing quality of life for patients navigating pulmonary sarcoidosis.
Hepatic and Splenic Sarcoidosis
Authors: Tetikkurt Cuneyt 
Published: October 2024

Sarcoidosis, a multisystem inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology, often manifests in the liver and spleen, posing unique challenges in clinical management. Hepatic sarcoidosis presents with a spectrum of manifestations, from asymptomatic hepatomegaly to advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. Splenic involvement, characterized by splenomegaly and occasional hypersplenism, underscores the systemic nature of the disease.
This chapter delves into the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentations, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic approaches specific to hepatic and splenic sarcoidosis. Understanding these complexities is crucial for tailored patient care and optimal outcomes in this intricate facet of sarcoidosis.