bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communication in the heart of policy and the conduct of conduct
Authors: Kraaier Niels Martijn 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– In 2001, Dutch politician Jacques Wallage introduced the concept of “communication in the heart of policy”, which sought to bridge the perceived gap between the government and the populace. He also advocated for a stronger focus on the proper representation of cabinet ministers in the mass media. The purpose of this paper is to explore the implications experienced by communication professionals in the Dutch public service in terms of integrating this approach.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper is based on a series of 17 qualitative semi-structured interviews held with communication professionals either previously or currently employed in the Dutch public service.

Findings
– The findings show that it has become increasingly difficult for communication professionals in the Dutch public service to maintain the strict separation between government communication and political communication that once characterised their work.

Research limitations/implications
– The focus of this paper is on government communication in the Netherlands at a national level.

Practical implications
– This paper argues that a stronger focus on the image and reputation of cabinet members blurs the line between government communication and political communication, which may defeat the purpose of “communication in the heart of policy”.

Originality/value
– This paper offers a unique insight into government communication practices in a consociational state, where politics are marked by negotiation and a common striving for broad consensus, and where the public service is controlled by coalition governments rather than one particular party.
Managing CEO communication and positioning
Authors: Zerfass Ansgar , Verčič Dejan , Wiesenberg Markus 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the practices of positioning Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) and other top executives in the public sphere and approaches to manage their communication activities.Design/methodology/approach– A neo-institutional framework is used to explain the growth of CEO positioning in mediatisated societies. Research questions are derived from previous research and tested in a quantitative online survey with 512 heads of corporate communication in 21 countries across Europe and a qualitative survey with 42 communication leaders in 12 countries.Findings– The majority of companies position their CEOs and/or other top executives, but only a minority guide these activities through a sound management process. European CEOs are primarily presented based on their functional and ethical competencies. A minority of communication leaders prefer the uniform positioning of their CEOs in different markets; others argue for localised approaches. More companies in high-power distance countries have a specific communication strategy for their CEOs, compared to companies in low-power distance countries. Significant differences were also identified between listed and privately owned companies.Research limitations/implications– The study indicates the importance of CEO positioning from the perspective of corporate communication leaders. Investigating the expectations and experiences of CEOs themselves might provide additional insights.Originality/value– The paper presents the first large-scale study on CEO positioning, informs practitioners on the state of practice in Europe and identifies knowledge that can be integrated into education of business and communications students alike.
A conceptual framework for the Basel accords-based regulation
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed Jaffar 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to describe a theoretical model for banking regulation in relation to Basel accords implementation. As a risk manager practitioner at a financial institution and in-charge of Basel implementation in a Basel accords environment of banking regulation, the author has been intrigued by the theoretical basis of the design of Basel accords. The objective was to investigate a theoretical model in the literature according to which the accords were designed. In case of deficiency in the literature of this model, the author seeks to provide a juxtaposition to the theoretical model that explains the accords adoption and implementation by regulators.Design/methodology/approach– This paper presents a review of existing literature.Findings– After reviewing of public interest theory, cultural theory, administration theory and the new-institutionalism theory, the author found little application of these theories to the capital-based regulation, particularly in relation to Basel 2 accord. There is deficiency in the literature of a conceptual theoretical framework based on which the author can explain the adoption of Basel accords. The author has provided a theoretical model that links these theories to the practice of banking regulation. This paper found deficiencies in theories of how banks should be regulated as compared to several theories that explains why banks are regulated.Originality/value– After reviewing of public interest theory, cultural theory, administration theory and the new-institutionalism theory, the author found little application of these theories to the capital-based regulation, particularly in relation to Basel 2 accord. There is deficiency in the literature of a conceptual theoretical framework based on which the author can explain the adoption of Basel accords. The author has provided a theoretical model that links these theories to the practice of banking regulation. This paper found deficiencies in theories of how banks should be regulated as compared to several theories that explains why banks are regulated.
Consumer perception of traditional foods in Ghana
Authors: Laryea Damian , Akoto Esther Yeboah , Oduro Ibok , Appaw William Ofori 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to identify the various traditional foods available in two towns in Ghana and to assess consumer perception about these traditional foods. Traditional foods provide nutritional and health benefits, but their consumption keeps declining, such that some are becoming extinct.Design/methodology/approach– The level of knowledge of consumers and their attitude toward the consumption of traditional foods were determined. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Sekondi and four areas in Kumasi, with a sample size of 200 in each of the two towns. The data obtained were analyzed using Pearson correlation and Chi-square test for independence.Findings– While consumers had very good general knowledge of the traditional foods, most of them had little knowledge on nutrient compositions of the foods. About 95.5 per cent of respondents in Sekondi consumed traditional foods relative to those in Kumasi (62.5 per cent). There was no linear relationship existing between respondents’ knowledge, attitude and consumption of traditional foods (r< 0.50). More so, respondents’ attitude, knowledge and consumption of traditional foods, mostly, did not depend on the demographic factors (age and education). Other factors such as convenience, economic status of respondents and safety of traditional foods may be contributory factors to the low patronage and consumption of traditional foods.Originality/value– Most researches on traditional foods in Ghana have mostly focused on food ingredients; therefore, there is little or no available information on consumer perception of prepared traditional foods. Because consumer opinions change over time, there is a need to consistently gather data to help food industries and food service operators meet consumer needs and expectations.
Antifungal activity of plant extracts against Colletotrichum musae, the post harvest anthracnose pathogen of banana cv. Martaman
Authors: Bhutia Dawa Dolma , Zhimo Yeka , Kole Ramen , Saha Jayanta 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper was to determine the antifungal activities of different solvent extracts of common plants in vitro and in vivo against banana anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum musae (Berk
&
M.A. Curtis) Arx, and to investigate its effects on the pathogen and identify the bio active component(s).

Design/methodology/approach
– Extracts were obtained from leaves, tender shoots, rhizomes, bulbs, seeds and fruits of 42 naturally growing plant species following hot sequential extraction. Preliminary screening of the solvent extracts was done based on the inhibition of radial mycelial growth of C. musae following poison food technique and conidial germination inhibition by cavity slide technique. The selected extracts were assessed for their effect on harvested banana in reducing anthracnose during storage. The active components in the bio-active fractions of plant extract were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy.

Findings
– Methanol extracted a larger quantity of material (between 6.9 and 12.5 per cent) than hexane or chloroform, and all its extracts were active against the test pathogen with mycelial growth inhibition ranging from 13.70 to 88.89 per cent. Zingiber
officinale rhizome extract as well as Polyalthia longifolia and Clerodendrum inerme leaf extracts exhibited more than 80 per cent inhibition of mycelial growth. Total inhibition of spore germination of C. musae was recorded in Z. officinale and P. longifolia extracts at 0.3 per cent w/v and 0.5 per cent w/v concentration, respectively, while only 68 per cent spore inhibition was recorded in C. inerme at 0.5 per cent w/v concentration. Of the three plant species, Z. officinale had the best antifungal activity (18.0 per cent disease incidence; 2.2 disease severity scale) when banana fruits were dipped in the extract at a concentration of 0.5 per cent w/v at 5 days of storage in ambient condition (80-82 per cent R.H., 27 ± 1°C). The bio-active compounds in the extract of Z. officinale were identified as alpha-curcumene and zingerone.

Originality/value
– Based on the antifungal activity, plant extract of Z. officinale can be used as an effective alternative to chemicals in controlling anthracnose pathogen in harvested banana.
Microbiological quality of commonly consumed street foods in Bangladesh
Authors: Noor Rashed 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this review is to narrate the microbiological quality of variety of street foods which are largely consumed by the Bangladeshi people of all ages. However, these foods are prone to microbial contamination. Most of the vendors lack the awareness on hygiene during preparing, processing or handling the foods. The insufficiency in regular microbiological analysis further casts the possibility of disease onset. The need of microbial analyses of these foods also remains unclear to the consumers, which, in turn, results in microbial infections and intoxications remaining unnoticed.

Design/methodology/approach
– The present review focused on the microbiological quality of the street foods projected from the locally conducted researches on street foods, and pondered on the possible management from a microbiological perspective for ensuring consumer safety.

Findings
– This paper provides comprehensive information on the microbiological quality of street foods, requirement of maintenance of hygiene by the vendors and consumers and the necessity of adopting proper management during food preparation.

Originality/value
– Demonstration of microbial prevalence in the street foods may bring imperative information on food safety and security. The conclusive message of this review is about the general consciousness on the microbiological aspects of street food contamination.
Effect of chitosans and chitooligosaccharides on the processing and storage quality of foods of animal and aquatic origin
Authors: Singh Parminder 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The aim of the paper is to shed light on the use of chitosans and chitooligosaccharides as biopreservatives in various foods animal. Foods of animal and aquatic origin (milk, meat, fish, eggs, sea foods, etc) become contaminated with a wide range of microorganisms (bacteria, molds and yeasts) during harvesting, transporting, processing, handling and storage operations. Due to the perishable nature of these foods, their preservation is of utmost importance. Though many synthetic chemicals are available, yet their use is quite restricted due to their hazardous effects on human health.Design/methodology/approach– Within the domain of food industry, traditionally chitosan is used for biopreservation of foods, which is well known for its nutritional and medicinal properties in human nutrition. However, chitooligosaccharides also possess a number of nutraceutical and health promoting properties in addition to their preservative effect and shelf-life extension of foods. In this study, the comparative effects of both chitosan and chitooligosaccharides on preservation of foods of animal and aquatic origin have been summarized.Findings– Though chitosan has been extensively studied in various foods, yet the use of chitooligosaccharides has been relatively less explored. Chitooligosaccharides are bioactive molecules generated from chitosan and have several advantages over the traditional use of chitosan both in food products and on human health. But unfortunately, little or no literature is available on the use of chitooligosaccharides for preservation of some of the foods of animal origin. Notable examples in this category include cheese, beef, pork, chicken, fish, sea foods, etc.Originality/value– This paper focuses on the effects of chitosans and chitooligosaccharides on the processing and storage quality of foods of animal and aquatic origin, which offers a promising future for the development of functional foods.
Using interviews to understand parent and family perspectives of the August 2011 London riots
Authors: Coopoosamy Yvanna Deeny 
Published: February 2016

This article presents findings from interviews with London parents and families, to explore their perspective of the August 2011 London riots in the UK. This article is based on a doctorate thesis where the researcher adopted a critical position on constructions of parent‐blaming within political rhetoric. A separate paper (forthcoming) presents clinical implications developed from the research findings. The research was influenced by systemic and narrative therapy approaches. Nine parents and three young people, from five families across three London boroughs, were interviewed together to explore how they constructed the riots. A Foucauldian‐informed thematic analysis identified themes of inequality and exclusion, rioting as a criminal threat, youth as problematic, parenting and morality, and reclaiming normality. These themes highlighted discourses of crime, punishment, parenting and youth, the relevance of socio‐political factors, parent‐blaming and community resources within parent and family constructions of the 2011 London riots.Practitioner points

Support inclusion of the perspective of parents and families in academic literature, clinical discussion and debates on the 2011 London riots
Highlight discourses of crime, punishment, parenting and youth from parent and family constructions of the 2011 London riots
Gene signatures in osteoarthritic acetabular labrum using microarray analysis
Authors: Wang Beiyue , Zhao Jianning , Zhang Peng 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most common chronic joint disease. This study aimed to uncover underlying mechanisms of OA pathogenesis and explore the potential biomarkers of osteoarthritic acetabular labrum.MethodsThe microarray data GSE60762 was utilized, containing five OA acetabular labrum samples and three healthy control samples. Data were preprocessed by oligo package and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using limma package with predefined criteria, followed by functional enrichment analysis by the GoFunction in R Bioconductor, and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis.ResultsAs a result, 141 DEGs (44 were up‐regulated and 97 were down‐regulated) were identified between OA and healthy acetabular labrum cells. Up‐regulated genes including CDH2 and WNT5A were significantly enriched in intracellular signal transduction function, while down‐regulated genes such as KDR, FLT1 and CDH5 were remarkably correlated with cardiovascular system development. FLT1, KDR, CDH2 and CDH5 were the striking nodes in the PPI network.ConclusionCDH2, WNT5A, KDR, FLT1 and CDH5 might serve as the biomarkers of OA prognosis. Intracellular signal transduction and cardiovascular system development might play significant roles in the destruction of labrum during OA progression. However, more experimental validations are warranted to confirm our findings.
Cancer diagnosed in the Emergency Department of a Regional Health Service
Authors: Rogers Margaret J. , Matheson Leigh M. , Garrard Brooke , Mukaro Violet , Riches Sue , Sheridan Michael , Ashley David , Pitson Graham 
Published: February 2016

AbstractObjectivePatients diagnosed with cancer in the Emergency Department (ED) have more advanced disease at diagnosis and poorer outcomes. High rates of initial presentation to ED suggest potential problems with access to care. The aim of this project was to interpret findings in regional/rural Victoria and explore implications for practice.DesignCross‐sectional study linking two independent data sets.SettingRegional city of Geelong and surrounding rural areas in south‐west Victoria.ParticipantsAll newly diagnosed cancer patients in 2009.Main outcome measuresNumber of cancer patients diagnosed in the ED.ResultsOne in five newly diagnosed cancer patients present to ED 6 months prior to cancer diagnosis. One in 10 is diagnosed as a result of their ED visit. Patients presenting to ED were older, more often men and from disadvantaged areas. Symptoms on presentation included chest complaints, bowel obstruction, abdominal pain, anaemia and generalised weakness. Cancer diagnosed in the ED is associated with advanced stage and shorter survival.ConclusionReasons for presentation to ED would be multifactorial and include complex cases with coexisting symptoms making diagnosis difficult. The general public appear to have a low level of awareness of alternative primary care services or difficulty accessing such information. Some of the changes towards reducing the number of patients presenting to ED will include patient education.
Transfers to hospital in planned home birth in four Nordic countries – a prospective cohort study
Authors: Blix Ellen , Kumle Merethe H. , Ingversen Karen , Huitfeldt Anette S. , Hegaard Hanne K. , Ólafsdóttir Ólöf Á. , Øian Pål , Lindgren Helena 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIntroductionWomen planning a home birth are transferred to hospital in case of complications or elevated risk for adverse outcomes. The aim of the present study was to describe the indications for transfer to hospital in planned home births, and the proportion of cases in which this occurs.Material and methodsWomen in Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Iceland who had opted for, and were accepted for, home birth at the onset of labor, were included in the study. Data from 3068 women, 572 nulliparas and 2446 multiparas, were analyzed for proportion of transfers during labor and within 72 h after birth, indications for transfer, how long before or after birth the transfer started, time from birth to start of transfer, duration and mode of transfer, and whether the transfer was classified as potentially urgent. Analyses were stratified for nulliparity and multiparity.ResultsOne‐third (186/572) of the nulliparas were transferred to hospital, 137 (24.0%) during labor and 49 (8.6%) after the birth. Of the multiparas, 195/2446 (8.0%) were transferred, 118 (4.8%) during labor and 77 (3.2%) after birth. The most common indication for transfers during labor was slow progress. In transfers after birth, postpartum hemorrhage, tears and neonatal respiratory problems were the most common indications. A total of 116 of the 3068 women had transfers classified as potentially urgent.ConclusionsOne‐third of all nulliparous and 8.0% of multiparous women were transferred during labor or within 72 h of the birth. The proportion of potentially urgent transfers was 3.8%.
Human embryonic cardiovascular function
Authors: Acharya Ganesh , Gui Yonghao , Cnota Wojciech , Huhta James , Wloch Agata 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIntroductionThis review presents an overview of descriptive knowledge on human embryonic cardiovascular physiology mostly based on noninvasive assessment by Doppler ultrasonography. Our objective was to identify and analyze published studies on embryonic cardiovascular function, and summarize available knowledge in this field.Material and methodsCitations related to human embryonic cardiovascular function were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL and Web of Science using keywords and MeSH terms without any time limitation. The search was restricted to English language articles. Abstracts were screened and full texts of relevant articles were obtained. All articles that reported on physiological aspects of human embryonic cardiovascular function were included. Studies reporting on cardiovascular function after 10 weeks of gestation were excluded. Data were synthesized and presented narratively.ResultsWe identified 10 studies that had evaluated cardiovascular function and/or hemodynamics in human embryos at ≤10 weeks of gestation. All of these reported only certain aspects of embryonic cardiovascular function. Embryonic heart rate is associated significantly with gestational age and increases from 6 to 10 weeks of gestation. Cardiac inflow is monophasic during the embryonic period and atria appear to generate higher force during contraction compared with ventricles. Both ventricular inflow and outflow velocities increase with advancing gestation, whereas the Tei index decreases significantly. During the embryonic period, placental blood flow increases with gestation, but absent umbilical artery diastolic flow and umbilical venous pulsations are normal phenomena.ConclusionThere are important differences in normal cardiovascular function between the embryonic and fetal stages of human in utero development.
Stability in the prevalence of Swedish children who were overweight or obese in 2003 and 2011
Authors: de Munter Jeroen S. , Friedl Andrea , Lind Simon , Kark Malin , Carlberg Magdalena , Andersson Niklas , Georgellis Antonis , Rasmussen Finn 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAimWe aimed to explore the prevalence and determinants of overweight including obesity among children in Sweden in 2003 and 2011.MethodsTwo population‐based cross‐sectional surveys included 7728 and 12 882 12‐year‐old children in Sweden, and 1198 and 2699 eight‐year‐old children in Stockholm County, in 2003 and 2011. Weighted prevalence of overweight including obesity and multivariate‐adjusted relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was calculated.ResultsIn 2011, the overweight prevalence was lower for 12‐year‐old girls than boys (RR=0.84, CI=0.77–0.92), lower for girls and boys with a higher rather than a lower educated mother (for example, RRgirls=0.76, CI=0.65–0.88), but higher for girls and boys in smaller rather than main cities (RRgirls=1.52, CI=1.28–1.82). There was no difference in overweight prevalence between 2003 and 2011 among the 12‐year‐old children. However, eight‐year‐old girls had a lower overweight prevalence in 2011 than in 2003 (RR=0.76, CI=0.59–0.97). The strongest decrease in overweight was among eight‐year‐old girls with mothers with lower levels of education (RR=0.63, CI=0.47–0.86).ConclusionThe prevalence of overweight including obesity was stable among Swedish children between 2003 and 2011. Gradients in the determinants of overweight persisted. There was some evidence of a less steep socio‐economic gradient in overweight in eight‐year‐old girls over time.