bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiences of hand hygiene among acute care nurses: An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Chatfield Sheryl L , Nolan Rachael , Crawford Hannah , Hallam Jeffrey S 
Published: October 2016

Objective: Occurrences of healthcare-associated infections are associated with substantial direct and indirect costs. Improvement in hand hygiene among acute care nurses has potential to reduce incidence of healthcare-associated infections. Findings from reviews of intervention research have not conclusively identified components that are more or less efficient or effective. Much prior qualitative research has focused on descriptive analysis of policies and practices rather than providing interpretive explorations of how individuals’ perceptions of hygiene might drive practices. Methods: We conducted qualitative interview research with eight nurses in the United States who were employed in various patient-care roles. We analyzed the data using an interpretative phenomenological analysis methodology to explore how nurses described their perceptions of, and experiences with, hygiene. We developed themes that explored individual, workplace, and management influences on perception of hygiene. Results: Developed themes include practical hygiene, risky business, and hygiene on trial; the latter theme described the conflict between how nurses perceived their own hygiene practices and how they felt hospital management perceived these practices. Other findings included that participants distinguished between policy-mandated use of sanitizer and a personal sense of cleanliness; the latter was more likely to be associated with scrubbing or removal of contaminants than with use of protectants. Conclusion: While participants asserted support for facility hand hygiene policies, their behavior in certain instances might be mediated by broadly defined emergent situations and a belief that it is not currently possible to establish a causal link between an healthcare-associated infections and a specific individual or occurrence. Researchers and infection prevention practitioners might consider soliciting greater input from nurses in planning hand hygiene improvement interventions, to encourage ownership, and emphasizing detailed cases as training content to take advantage of individuals’ sensory responses to hygiene.
Effect of pH on the cation exchange capacity of some halloysite nanotubes
Authors: Gray Nia , Lumsdon David G. , Hillier Stephen 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe cation exchange capacity (CEC) of seven well characterized halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) in the dehydrated 7 Å form has been measured using a method based on cobalt hexammine exchange. In addition to unbuffered measurements, which varied between 2.9 and 9.3 cmol(+)kg−1, CECs were also determined over a wide pH range and proton titration measurements were conducted on two samples. The data were fitted using a constant capacitance model based on the presence of two sites: permanently charged sites and pH-dependent variable charged sites. Normalization of CEC to the average specific surface area (BET) of the halloysite samples reduces considerably the variation of CEC values for the different samples particularly over the intermediate pH range (5–9) with the average value at pH 7 equal to 8.5 cmol(+)kg−1and a standard deviation of 1.17. Overall the CEC behaviour of the seven samples appears reasonably consistent throughout the set. Calculations based on proton titrations suggest a ratio of variable charge to basal sites for the dehydrated halloysite nanotubes of ∼3:1.
Biodegradable polymer nanocomposites based on natural nanotubes: effect of magnetically modified halloysite on the behaviour of polycaprolactone
Authors: Khunová Viera , Šafařík Ivo , Škrátek Martin , Kelnar Ivan , Tomanová Katarína 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe present study explores the effect of a magnetically modified halloysite (mHNT) surface on the structure and properties of biodegradable polymer nanocomposites based on poly ɛ-caprolactone (PCL). Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) have been modified by a scalable and tunable procedure using magnetic Fe oxide particles prepared by microwave-assisted synthesis fromferrous sulfate at high pH. The HNT content in composites prepared in melt varied from 5 to 30 wt.%. Application of magnetically modified HNT to PCL resulted in the formation of soft magnetic materials. Analyses of the nanocomposite structure revealed that both natural and magnetized HNTs, as well as free magnetite particles are dispersed uniformly in the polymer matrix. Investigation of the mechanical and physical properties confirmed that the reinforcing ability of HNTs was not affected by magnetic modification.
Halloysite nanotubes: prospects and challenges of their use as additives and carriers – A focused review
Authors: Pasbakhsh Pooria , De Silva Rangika , Vahedi Vahdat , Jock Churchman G. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThere is increasing research interest in potential applications of halloysite as fillers for polymer composites, controlled drug delivery, carriers for the supply and sustained release of active agents for anticorrosion coatings, in nanoreactors or nanotemplates, and for the uptake of contaminants or pollutants and support for catalysts. In this review, recent findings in terms of the prospects and challenges of using halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) in different polymeric matrices targeting a range of old and new applications are discussed and evaluated. The compositions include chitosan/halloysite membranes as bone-tissue scaffolds, polylactic acid (PLA)/halloysite membranes for food-packaging applications and their antimicrobial activities, instrumented impact properties of epoxy/halloysite nanocomposites and the role of halloysite in the self-healing of epoxy composites, polyacryronitrile (PAN)/halloysite membranes for use in water filtration as well as a review of some recent applications of halloysite/alginate beads in the adsorption of contaminants such as lead.
Responses to altered oxygen tension are distinct between human stem cells of high and low chondrogenic capacity
Authors: Anderson Devon E. , Markway Brandon D. , Bond Derek , McCarthy Helen E. , Johnstone Brian 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Background
Lowering oxygen from atmospheric level (hyperoxia) to the physiological level (physioxia) of articular cartilage promotes mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) chondrogenesis. However, the literature is equivocal regarding the benefits of physioxic culture on preventing hypertrophy of MSC-derived chondrocytes. Articular cartilage progenitors (ACPs) undergo chondrogenic differentiation with reduced hypertrophy marker expression in hyperoxia but have not been studied in physioxia. This study sought to delineate the effects of physioxic culture on both cell types undergoing chondrogenesis.

Methods
MSCs were isolated from human bone marrow aspirates and ACP clones were isolated from healthy human cartilage. Cells were differentiated in pellet culture in physioxia (2 % oxygen) or hyperoxia (20 % oxygen) over 14 days. Chondrogenesis was characterized by biochemical assays and gene and protein expression analysis.

Results
MSC preparations and ACP clones of high intrinsic chondrogenicity (termed high-GAG) produced abundant matrix in hyperoxia and physioxia. Poorly chondrogenic cells (low-GAG) demonstrated a significant fold-change matrix increase in physioxia. Both high-GAG and low-GAG groups of MSCs and ACPs significantly upregulated chondrogenic genes; however, only high-GAG groups had a concomitant decrease in hypertrophy-related genes. High-GAG MSCs upregulated many common hypoxia-responsive genes in physioxia while low-GAG cells downregulated most of these genes. In physioxia, high-GAG MSCs and ACPs produced comparable type II collagen but less type I collagen than those in hyperoxia. Type X collagen was detectable in some ACP pellets in hyperoxia but reduced or absent in physioxia. In contrast, type X collagen was detectable in all MSC preparations in hyperoxia and physioxia.

Conclusions
MSC preparations and ACP clones had a wide range of chondrogenicity between donors. Physioxia significantly enhanced the chondrogenic potential of both ACPs and MSCs compared with hyperoxia, but the magnitude of response was inversely related to intrinsic chondrogenic potential. Discrepancies in the literature regarding MSC hypertrophy in physioxia can be explained by the use of low numbers of preparations of variable chondrogenicity. Physioxic differentiation of MSC preparations of high chondrogenicity significantly decreased hypertrophy-related genes but still produced type X collagen protein. Highly chondrogenic ACP clones had significantly lower hypertrophic gene levels, and there was little to no type X collagen protein in physioxia, emphasizing the potential advantage of these cells.
Evaluation of patients with multiple sclerosis using reverse nutech functional score and expanded disability status scale after human embryonic stem cell therapy
Authors: Shroff Geeta 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe expanded disability status scale (EDSS) is a validated and reliable tool to assess the extent of disabilities in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the use of this tool has been found to be limited in assessing various symptoms of MS that are important. Our study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of a new scoring system, reverse nutech functional score (RNFS) as compared to EDSS in assessing patients with MS treated with human embryonic stem cell (hESC) therapy.MethodsThe MS patients were treated with hESC therapy for one treatment period. All the patients were evaluated with EDSS and RNFS at baseline and after the hESC therapy.ResultsThe study included a total of 24 MS patients with mean age of 45 year. The patients showed an improvement in parameters (sleeping disorders, paralysis, paraesthesia, myalgia, muscle weakness, memory, language, irritability, eye pain, depression and coordination, communication, breathing pattern, attention and appetite) associated with MS when evaluated with RNFS. This improvement went unnoticed when the patients were assessed with EDSS.ConclusionRNFS can efficiently assess the effectiveness of hESC therapy in treating patients with MS. It could be a suitable scoring system for patients with MS as it can assess the slightest improvements in the patients. Use in other settings would be helpful in assessing its utility.
Comparing young people's experience of technology-delivered v. face-to-face mindfulness and relaxation: Two-armed qualitative focus group study
Authors: Tunney Conall , Cooney Patricia , Coyle David , O'Reilly Gary 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundThe current popularity of mindfulness-based practices has coincided with the increase in access to mobile technology. This has led to many mindfulness apps and programs becoming available, some specifically for children. However, little is known about the experience of engaging with mindfulness through these mediums.AimsTo explore children's experience of mindfulness delivered both face-to-face and through a computer game to highlight any differences or similarities.MethodA two-armed qualitative focus groups design was used to explore children's experiences. The first arm offered mindfulness exercises in a traditional face-to-face setting with guided meditations. The second arm offered mindfulness exercises through a computer game avatar.ResultsThemes of relaxation, engagement, awareness, thinking, practice and directing attention emerged from both arms of focus groups. Subthematic codes highlight key differences as well as similarities in the experience of mindfulness.ConclusionsThese results indicate that mindfulness delivered via technology can offer a rich experience.
Congenital vascular malformations
Authors: Schlembach D. 
Published: October 2016

SummaryCongenital vascular anomalies may occur at any anatomical region, but genital vascular anomalies in women are rare findings. Therefore the majority of the problems in pregnancy are due to secondary complications of vascular anomalies (especially in syndromes). Proper knowledge of these disorders and the necessities in diagnosis and management is essential.
Pedagogies applied to develop student self-awareness and written self-evaluations: A costume case study
Authors: Malik Nadia 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In 2013–14 a change in assessment criteria percentage weightings on the BA Stage Management and Technical Theatre course at East 15 Acting School was implemented – a course taught mainly through authentic learning processes. This change, coupled with the increase in emphasis on reflective processes in higher education in general, highlighted that students not only on this course but also more widely need to be able to articulate their learning more rigorously than before through more comprehensively written self-evaluations. Through a discussion of critical thinking and reflection and instinctively applying Art and Design pedagogies to teaching on what is traditionally considered to be a vocational course, this article charts an experimental case study following students on the Costume Pathway, hoping to improve their ability in this area. The aim was to develop the self-awareness and analytical and reflective thinking involved in evaluating personal working practices to a high standard in order to improve the written communication thereof. Therefore, this article is also a reflection on how a thorough understanding from educators of what self-evaluation demands of students can enrich student learning experiences and develop transferable skills to produce industry-ready and life-ready graduates.
The etymology of a colourful design language: How do we determine what informs architect’s colour choices?
Authors: Motamed Bahareh , Tucker Richard 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The development of materials and visualization technology is transforming the colour palettes of cities. As architects have significant roles in determining the appearance of buildings that contribute to city colourscapes, it might be expected that they have considerable colour knowledge. However, there is largely an absence of colour training in built environment education outside of interior design, meaning architects are likely making colour choices based on practical rather than theoretical knowledge. This prompts the question: what informs the architect’s colour choices? While colour has been studied in a broad range of disciplines, few studies have focussed on the built environment and even fewer on how and why built environment designers choose colours. This article explains the origins and development of a framework for understanding factors that influence architects’ uses of colour. The framework has informed a national survey in Australia to determine how personal and educational experiences have affected the use of colour.
A brief analysis of digital journalism in Spain and its direction
Authors: Contreras Fernando R. , Hellín Pedro , O’Connor Logan Terrence W. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This article offers a retrospective analysis of the more notable contributions about Spanish Digital Journalism. In this text, we review the changes in digital journalistic practice in Spain. We have brought together their most significant techno-cultural contributions, the social transformation of the reader of the digital press and the new debatable technological discoveries in Digital Journalism beginning from the boom in mobile equipment.
Direct-Action Journalism: Resilience in grassroots autonomous media
Authors: Jeppesen Sandra 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Situating grassroots autonomous media within complex contemporary media ecologies and protest movements, this article uses resilience theory to critically analyse the characteristics generative of adaptive capacity in alternative media. The organizing structures, decisionmaking processes and social movement strategies of two case studies – Concordia University TV (CUTV) and the Montreal Media Co-op – are analysed using online self-produced media materials and participant observation during the 2012 Quebec Student Strike. Both groups have existed for more than ten years, achieving a balance between anti-authoritarian militant activist culture and formal organizational structure. We find they are open to remediation and reconfiguration as needed, including adapting new technologies and organizing journalism teams and peer-to-peer training of volunteers. In addition, these forms of ‘direct action journalism’ exhibit professionalism beyond the basic amateurism of most citizen journalism. Some of the characteristics of grassroots autonomous media production in which resilience may be cultivated include anti-authoritarian militant spaces such as CUTV’s media lab, formalized organizational structures with mixed funding models such as the Media Co-op’s multi-stakeholder cooperative, and deeper relationships and networks with social movements exhibited by both, including reconfigured horizontal relationships among media producers and users.
Methodology matters: A framework for gauging accuracy and impact
Authors: Maguire Miles 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The journalism profession has recently turned its attention to developing new measures of impact while seeking ways to boost the influence of news accounts. This focus on impact has generated a great deal of enthusiasm but also raised thorny questions about how to balance a desire for impact with traditional values such as credibility and accuracy. This article outlines a framework for assessing both accuracy and impact by focusing on reporting methodology and considering whether the main points of an article are, or are not, borne out by subsequent events, a standard that was articulated by management theorist Chris Argyris. The analysis here suggests that a reporter’s methodology can be directly observed in a news account and used as a way to infer the article’s credibility, accuracy and likely impact.
Burman’s news model: How to do journalism in the twenty-first century
Authors: Barkho Leon 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This article analyses a special case to illustrate paradigmatic rectification in news production that took place at the turn of the century. The special case concerns Tony Burman, a former head of Canada’s CBC and former managing director of the global news channel Al Jazeera English. Burman drew the journalistic community’s attention through ‘editorial remedies’ that saw the emergence of a special way of news coverage rarely practised by mainstream western media. Burman’s news model holds that all people or actors involved in an event determined newsworthy are equal and matter to the story in the same way regardless of their power. This article examines Burman’s news model as a shared mindset among members of a 24/7 news organization, focusing on the principles of objectivity, event and news values.
Jim Thompson – dark poet of the plains
Authors: Dixon Wheeler Winston 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This article considers the life and career of the American novelist Jim Thompson, whose bleak vision of American society, and the Midwest in particular, led him to write a series of highly praised and influential ‘hard-boiled’ paperback novels, which were initially dismissed as popular entertainment, but are now considered American classics, showing the dark underside of the American Dream. Thompson laboured in obscurity for much of his life, and dealt with poverty, despair, alcoholism and the Great Depression, but triumphed late in life as his work gained prestige in France and England, and finally was adapted for the screen. Thompson’s life demonstrates that even in the absolute depths of commercial fiction, one can create a unique and compelling personal vision.
A town called Celebration
Authors: Allen David 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The town of Celebration, Florida, is built in a neo-traditional style. The residents have been dismissed as people choosing to live in a form of ‘theme park’ world. Jean Baudrillard argued that in the age of the hyperreal, there is a frantic overproduction and proliferation of signs of the ‘real’, in order to ‘persuade us of the reality of the social’. On the surface, Celebration may seem to epitomize this phenomenon; but in fact, the town does not seek to disguise its counterfeit status. Rather, it signals it is not real. It is designed, indeed, as a form of ‘living cinema’, where residents can play at living in a fabled world. Celebration was welcomed by residents precisely as a simulacrum: like a ‘real’ old town, but ‘better’. They show a knowing awareness of the extent to which it is a manufactured reality. Moreover, they are not simply passive consumers of the ‘spectacle’; they are active participants in the construction and maintenance of the simulacrum.
The stories we share: Reflections on a community-based art exhibit displaying work by refugees and immigrants
Authors: Rubesin Hillary 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
There are currently 65.3 million forcibly displaced persons worldwide (UNHCR, 2016). Refugees and immigrants often enter host countries with psychological disorders and complex trauma, but, globally, newcomer mental health needs continue to be underserved and under-researched. Newcomers may also experience antinewcomer sentiment upon arrival to host countries. In order to improve newcomer mental health and to increase positive community connections, researchers have advocated for strengths-based, action-oriented approaches to mental health care (Tedeschi & Calhoun 2004). Expressive arts therapy is a culturally-congruent approach that meets these suggestions. The current study describes a communityand school- based expressive therapies programme designed for newcomers resettled in North Carolina. It focuses on the programme’s annual art exhibit, where newcomers’ stories and images are displayed within the greater community. Survey results from the show indicate that attendees were inspired and informed by the narratives, and shared their own stories in response.
Out of the shadow: A collaborative arts performance for the black rain hibakusha
Authors: Kasai Aya , Yuasa Masae 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In July of 2015, a group of undesignated hibakusha – survivors of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima – gathered to prepare for a class-action lawsuit against the Japanese government. Having suffered for decades from the debilitating effects of radioactive fallout, these hibakusha sought official recognition of their hardship and an end to their exclusion from the support measures granted to survivors who had lived closer to the bomb’s hypocentre. Their plight, as well as the continued failure of the government to recognize and address their suffering, provided the impetus for our group to co-create and host an art performance for and in support of all undesignated hibakusha. This article documents our process of participatory arts research and performance – as well as the audience and hibakusha response – while suggesting how applied arts and activism can unite in the face of institutional discrimination, civic prejudice and discursive erasure.
The Stuck in Traffick film project: Engaging young men in community-based expressive arts activism
Authors: Rubin Rebecca 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The Stuck in Traffick film project (SIT) is a community-based, expressive arts activism project supported by the Joe Torre Safe at Home Foundation’s Margaret’s Place program (MP). SIT was sparked by the vision of five teen male participants of the MP peer leadership and young men’s groups in Brooklyn, New York, in 2013. Through an integrative, expressive arts-based process, the young men used filmmaking to explore the relationship between two social issues that called to them: Domestic Violence and Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children. This article will discuss the SIT film project process, which included community-based expressive arts enquiry, production, exhibition and aesthetic response.