bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Efficacy of Selected Conventional and Experimental Insecticides and Bt Hybrids for Control of Corn Earworm and European Corn Borer on Sweet Corn, 1997
Authors: Shaw J. T. , Weinzierl R. , Finger J. W. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The tests were arranged in a RCB design with four replications. Each plot consisted of four rows, each being 30 inches wide and 50 ft long. Thirty-foot-wide alleys were established between the four replications. Insecticides were applied to the middle two rows of each plot, leaving two untreated rows between adjoining plots. Twelve insecticide treatments were compared with two Br-sweet corn hybrids (Heritage Bt and Bonus Bt) and their non-Bt isolines to two untreated controls. The 12 chemical treatments and the two untreated checks were planted with the Silver King variety sweet corn. Two untreated check plots were included in each replication and were averaged for the ANOVA. Treatments were applied very four to five days beginning on 8 Aug at 8% silk. All insecticide treatments were applied with a modified John Deere 6000 high-clearance vehicle (HCV) with a rear-mounted boom. Six Conejet (TX VS-8) hollow-cone nozzles (three per row) were calibrated to deliver 30.1 gpa at 40 psi and a speed of 2.5 mph, utilizing a compressed air system. Four nozzles (two per row) were attached to drops and directed the spray towards the ear zone area, a third nozzle (one per row) was mounted directly over the row with the spray being directed into the whorl (tassel) area.
Evaluation of the Implementation of a New Nurse-Led Express “Test-And-Go” Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Service for Men Who Have Sex With Men at a Sexual Health Center in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Chow Eric P.F. , Fortune Ria , Dobinson Sheranne , Wakefield Trish , Read Tim R.H. , Chen Marcus Y. , Bradshaw Catriona S. , Fehler Glenda , Fairley Christopher K. 
Published: December 2017

Background
In August 2015, a nurse-led express human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing service “Test-And-Go” (TAG) for asymptomatic men who have sex with men (MSM) was implemented in a large public sexual health center in Melbourne, Australia. We aimed to compare the clients' characteristics between the TAG and routine walk-in service among asymptomatic MSM.

Methods
This study was conducted at the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Australia, between August 5, 2015, and June 1, 2016. General estimating equation logistic regression models were constructed to examine the association between the use of TAG service and clients' demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, and HIV/STI positivity. Clients' consultation and waiting times for both services were calculated.

Results
Of the 3520 consultations, 784 (22.3%) were TAG services and 2736 (77.7%) were routine walk-in services for asymptomatic MSM. Asymptomatic MSM were more likely to use the TAG service if they were born in Australia (adjusted odds ratio, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–1.56), and had more than 6 male partners in the last 12 months (adjusted odds ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–1.58). Age, HIV status, condomless anal sex and HIV/STI positivity did not differ between the two services. The TAG service had a shorter median waiting time (8.4 minutes vs 52.9 minutes; p < 0.001) and consultation time (8.9 minutes vs 17.6 minutes; p < 0.001) than the routine walk-in service.

Conclusions
Although country of birth and sexual behaviors differed between clients attending the 2 services, there were no differences in HIV and STI positivity. Importantly, the TAG service required less waiting and consultation time and hence created additional clinic capacity at the general clinic to see clients who are at higher risk.
Trends in Attitudes and Practice Patterns of Physical Therapists in Addressing Childhood Obesity in Schools
Authors: Kendall Eydie 
Published: December 2017

Purpose:
This study investigated trends in attitudes of school physical therapists about intervention for childhood obesity.

Methods:
A survey was developed to quantify attitudes. Two cases investigated the influence of attitudes on choices in treatment frequency. Factor analysis further delineated reasons for treatment frequency recommendations.

Results:
Attitudes did not change. Variability in responses decreased. Personal characteristics had evolving influence. In 2008, the perception of the PT's role in childhood obesity intervention had a greater influence on the choice to treat, but in 2015 the perception of the seriousness had a bigger effect on that decision.

Discussion:
Changing demographics of the therapists, increasing prevalence of obesity, and recent attention to the problem may have contributed to the trends.

Conclusion:
There is no consensus as to the role of school physical therapy with intervention for obesity, but influential variables are emerging and practice patterns are evolving.
Rehabilitation After Urgent or Elective Orthopedic Surgery: The Role of Resilience in Elderly Patients
Authors: Sciumè Luciana , Rebagliati Giulia Angela Antonella , Iannello Paola , Mottini Anna , Alessandro Antonietti , Caserta Antonello Valerio , Gattoronchieri Valeria , Panella Lorenzo 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this investigation was to assess resilience within an elderly population during postacute rehabilitation for orthopedic surgery and to identify the role of resilience on rehabilitation outcomes by comparing hip fracture and elective patients (total knee and hip arthroplasty).

Design
We conducted a prospective study in an orthopedic rehabilitation department.

Methods
On admission and on discharge, 80 patients aged over 60 years underwent a multidimensional evaluation with the Resilience Scale, the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), the Multidimensional Prognostic Index, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF.

Findings
Hip-fractured patients had a lower level of resilience. High-resilient fracture patients achieved higher FIM scores. For elective patients, no differences on FIM score occurred for different resilience levels.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance
Resilience plays a significant role in reaching optimal functional recovery in hip-fractured elderly people. Results suggest the introduction of early routine assessment of resilience in future outcome studies in rehabilitation.
The Family Burdens and Hopelessness of Turkish Parents of Adolescents With Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Karayagiz Muslu Gonca , Coskun Cenk Sibel 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Purpose
This study was conducted to determine the hopelessness and family burden levels of parents who have children with intellectual disabilities.

Design
This was a descriptive correlational study.

Methods
The study was conducted at a specialized education and rehabilitation center in Fethiye, Turkey, using the Sociodemographic Data Form, the Beck Hopelessness Scale, and the Burden Assessment Scale for Families of Children With Intellectual Disabilities, and the study sample included a total of 95 parents of children with intellectual disabilities.

Findings
A positive relationship was found between the total scores for hopelessness and the family burden including economic burden, perception of inadequacy, social burden, physical burden, emotional burden, and the required time (p < .05). The study found that the higher the level of family burden on parents, the more hopeless families felt.

Conclusion
This study’s findings may help rehabilitation nurses to understand the hopelessness of parents and help them find appropriate resources to cope with their burden.

Clinical Relevance
Nurses should be specialized in the field of rehabilitation and, as rehabilitation nurses, be included in providing integrated care, family education, and counseling services for disabled people in Turkey.
Bowel Control Strategies Used by Veterans With Long-Standing Spinal Cord Injuries
Authors: Schmelzer Marilee , Daniels Glenda , Baird Becky 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Study Purpose
The aim of the study was to describe strategies used by veterans with spinal cord injury to achieve control over bowel function and fit their bowel programs into their lifestyles in the years following the initial injury.

Methods/Design
Using a qualitative descriptive design, 18 outpatient veterans with spinal cord injuries were interviewed at a Veteran’s Administration hospital. Recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed to determine major themes.

Findings/Conclusions
Fourteen of 18 participants had gained control over bowel function and led active lives. They emphasized the importance of positive attitudes, listening to their bodies, being physically active, taking charge, and using trial and error to find the best bowel control strategies. Findings also highlighted the value of peer support and the problem of military service connected back injury leading to spinal cord injury.

Clinical Relevance
Participants provided practical advice for adapting strategies learned during rehabilitation for long-term bowel control after discharge home.
Effects of Elastic Band Exercise on Lower Limb Rehabilitation of Elderly Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Chou Li-Na , Chen Min-Li 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of elastic band exercise activities on lower extremity rehabilitation in elderly patients subjected to an elastic band exercise intervention 2 and 4 weeks after total knee arthroplasty.

Design
A quasiexperimental study was conducted. Participants were recruited from southern Taiwan who were over 65 years old and had a first unilateral total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis.

Methods
The control and experimental groups comprised 25 patients each. The control group received conventional treatment after total knee arthroplasty; by contrast, the experimental group engaged in elastic band exercise activities demonstrated by instructors, in addition to receiving conventional treatment. Effects of the lower extremity rehabilitation of the two groups were evaluated 2 and 4 weeks after total knee arthroplasty.

Findings
Most of the participants were above 70 years of age, 17 of whom were in the control group (68%) and 16 in the experimental group (64%). The active and passive knee flexion angles of the experimental group were greater than those of the control group (p < .001) 2 and 4 weeks after surgery. The muscle strength of the quadriceps of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (p < .001) 2 and 4 weeks after surgery. The experimental group exhibited significantly higher physical function than that of the control group 2 and 4 weeks after surgery (p < .001).

Conclusions
The elastic band exercise program shows promising effects on improving the lower limb rehabilitation of elderly patients with total knee arthroplasty.

Clinical Relevance
Healthcare professionals who work with elderly patients with total knee arthroplasty may consider recommending and implementing the elastic band exercise program as a home rehabilitation method for this population. However, we recommend further testing of the long-term effects of this program on a larger population.
Thermotherapy Combined With Therapeutic Exercise Improves Muscle Strength and Depression in Patients With Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Setiyowati Yovita Dwi , Wang Shan-Tair , Chen Hsing-Mei 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Purpose
The study examined the effect of home-based thermotherapy combined with therapeutic exercise on muscle strength and depression in patients with ischemic stroke via a weekly evaluation over 4 weeks.

Design/Methods
A quasi-experimental, pre-/posttest research design without a control group was employed. A total of 22 patients participated. Self-reported daily logs were used to evaluate intervention adherence over the study period. The manual muscle testing and Aphasic Depression Rating Scale were administered at baseline and weekly for 4 weeks.

Results
Muscle strength in both the upper and lower limbs significantly increased (p < .05), whereas the depression score significantly decreased (p < .05).

Conclusion
The intervention increased muscle strength and decreased depression during the first 3 months after stroke onset. The significant effects were found beginning during the third week of the intervention.

Clinical Relevance
This intervention is inexpensive and can be easily applied by caregivers at home.
The roles of business partners in corporate brand image co-creation
Authors: Törmälä Minna , Saraniemi Saila 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
This study aims to examine the roles of business partners in co-creating a corporate brand image.

Design/methodology/approach
The study adopts different business partners’ perspectives to analyse corporate brand co-creative actions through a case study within a business-to-business company (B2B SME) context. Interviews with the case company’s manager and key business partners were used as the primary source of empirical data.

Findings
The study suggests a typology of seven roles which business partners adopt in corporate brand image co-creation: co-innovator, co-marketer, brand specialist, knowledge provider, referee, intermediary and advocate. The study also highlights the management of co-creative relationships in corporate brand image co-creation in the context of business partners.

Practical implications
This study increases the understanding of the complexities and dynamics related to corporate brand image construction and helps managers size the potential of business partner relationships in corporate branding and manage co-creative brand partner relationships.

Originality/value
The roles are examined by applying a conceptual framework built by combining branding research in a novel way with the role theory. The study also provides a multi-stakeholder perspective to brand co-creation.
The Concealed Information Test is Susceptible to Misleading Information
Authors: Volz Katja , Bahr Lisa‐Marie , Heinrichs Markus , Vaitl Dieter , Ambach Wolfgang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAn approach toward detecting hidden knowledge is the Concealed Information Test (CIT). It relies on the memory of crime‐relevant information. This study investigated whether its validity is susceptible to memory distortion by misleading information. A misleading information paradigm was employed to distort memory prior to an interrogation with a CIT. Forty‐one participants watched a video with specific crime‐related information. After a 1‐week retention interval, misleading information was introduced. Afterward, a CIT was performed, followed by a threefold memory test. When misleading information was presented, memory performance was reduced, and no physiological response differences between crime‐relevant and crime‐irrelevant information were found. Without presenting misleading information, physiological responses differed between responses to crime‐relevant and crime‐irrelevant information. However, responses in all physiological measures also differed between misleading and irrelevant information. The results indicate that the CIT is susceptible to misleading information, which reduces its validity in specific constellations.
Cost‐effectiveness of increasing the reach of smoking cessation interventions in Germany: results from the EQUIPTMOD
Authors: Huber Manuel B. , Präger Maximilian , Coyle Kathryn , Coyle Doug , Lester‐George Adam , Trapero‐Bertran Marta , Nemeth Bertalan , Cheung Kei Long , Stark Renee , Vogl Matthias , Pokhrel Subhash , Leidl Reiner 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimsTo evaluate costs, effects and cost‐effectiveness of increased reach of specific smoking cessation interventions in Germany.DesignA Markov‐based state transition return on investment model (EQUIPTMOD) was used to evaluate current smoking cessation interventions as well as two prospective investment scenarios. A health‐care perspective (extended to include out‐of‐pocket payments) with life‐time horizon was considered. A probabilistic analysis was used to assess uncertainty concerning predicted estimates.SettingGermany.ParticipantsCohort of current smoking population (18+ years) in Germany.InterventionsInterventions included group‐based behavioural support, financial incentive programmes and varenicline. For prospective scenario 1 the reach of group‐based behavioral support, financial incentive programme and varenicline was increased by 1% of yearly quit attempts (= 57 915 quit attempts), while prospective scenario 2 represented a higher reach, mirroring the levels observed in England.MeasurementsEQUIPTMOD considered reach, intervention cost, number of quitters, quality‐of‐life years (QALYs) gained, cost‐effectiveness and return on investment.FindingsThe highest returns through reduction in smoking‐related health‐care costs were seen for the financial incentive programme (€2.71 per €1 invested), followed by that of group‐based behavioural support (€1.63 per €1 invested), compared with no interventions. Varenicline had lower returns (€1.02 per €1 invested) than the other two interventions. At the population level, prospective scenario 1 led to 15 034 QALYs gained and €27 million cost‐savings, compared with current investment. Intervention effects and reach contributed most to the uncertainty around the return‐on‐investment estimates. At a hypothetical willingness‐to‐pay threshold of only €5000, the probability of being cost‐effective is approximately 75% for prospective scenario 1.ConclusionsIncreasing the reach of group‐based behavioural support, financial incentives and varenicline for smoking cessation by just 1% of current annual quit attempts provides a strategy to German policymakers that improves the population's health outcomes and that may be considered cost‐effective.
A training program of a new simplified classification of magnified narrow band imaging for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Wen‐Lun , Chiu Sherry Yueh‐Hsia , Lee Ching‐Tai , Tseng Cheng‐Hao , Chen Chien‐Chuan , Han Ming‐Lun , Chung Chen‐Shuan , Hsieh Ping‐Hsin , Chang Wei‐Lun , Wu Ping‐Hsiu , Hsu Wen‐Hung , Yen Hsu‐Heng , Wang Hsiu‐Po , Chang Chi‐Yang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackground and AimOptimal staging of the invasion depth of superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is vital before endoscopic treatment. A new simplified magnified narrow‐band imaging (M‐NBI) classification system based on vascular architecture has recently been developed by the Japan Esophageal Society; however, its validity remains uncertain.MethodsA total of 11 experienced and 11 inexperienced endoscopists were invited to join an endoscopic training program, which was composed of pretest, educational section, and post‐test. The pretest and post‐test sections included a set of endoscopic photos from 40 subjects with superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with various invasion depths. Each subject appeared twice in the test, one with white‐light imaging (WLI) only and the other with both WLI and M‐NBI. The educational section included lectures and video demonstrations.ResultsThe accuracy of WLI alone and combined with M‐NBI at baseline were 0.53, 0.57 and 0.43, 0.41 for the experienced and inexperienced endoscopists, respectively, which then improved to 0.57, 0.63 and 0.49, 0.52 after training. Inter‐observer agreement (k‐value) of WLI alone and combined WLI and M‐NBI for the experienced and inexperienced endoscopists also improved from 0.61, 0.61, and 0.61, 0.53 to 0.68, 0.71, and 0.71, 0.59, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the educational course but not experience in endoscopy, NBI, or magnification significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy. M‐NBI had a significant additional benefit to WLI, with an improvement in accuracy from 36% to 56% for the cases with m3/sm1 cancers (P < 0.05).ConclusionsA well‐designed training program can improve the diagnostic accuracy in evaluating cancer invasion depth, with substantial agreement.
Evaluating an iPad app in measuring wound dimension: a pilot study
Authors: Khong P.C.B. , Yeo M.S.W. , Goh C.C. 
Published: December 2017

Objective: This pilot study tested the reliability, validity and sensitivity of an innovative prototype iPad app, WoundAide, developed to measure wound dimension (length, width and surface area) using image analysis. Method: A prospective evaluation was conducted comparing WoundAide (WA) with two gold standard instruments, Wound Zoom (WZ) and Visitrak (VT). The study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Singapore. Patients were recruited after obtaining local ethics approval. Results: We recruited six patients with 10 venous wounds. Images were captured by two researchers. Generally, 7/10 (70%) of the wounds had surface areas of less than 16cm². The intraclass correlation coefficient was greater than 0.95 for length, width and surface area for all measuring devices. The mean differences for length, width and surface area were not statistically significant. The average percentage of coefficient of variation for WA ranged from 3% to 33.3%, WZ 1.3% to 19.3%, and VT 2.1% to 43.4%. Length, width and surface area fell within the 95% limit of agreement. The capturing sensitivity was, on average, 75% for WA, 99.4% for VT, and 100% for WZ. Conclusion: WA has similar reliability and validity as WZ and VT. However, WA has the least sensitivity in image captures. Nonetheless, with enhancements made to its user-interface and system algorithm, this limitation can be addressed.
THE ACCURACY OF TRU-CUT NEEDLE BIOPSY IN DETECTION OF PROSTATE CANCER IN RELATION TO PROSTATIC SCREENING TESTS (PSA, DRE, AND TRUS)
Authors: Aghaways Ismaeel , Khudeir Hussanain , Flamerz Lusan , Ahmed Shyaw , Agha Saywan 
Published: December 2017

Background
Prostate carcer is the second most common cancer in men. The causes of the disease are essentially unknown, although hormones are involved, diet may exert an indirect influence, some genes potentially involved in hereditary prostate cancer (HPC) have been identified. Suspicion of prostate cancer may derive from elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and/or a suspicious Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) and suspicious Transrectal Ultrasound TRUS. However, for a definite diagnosis prostate biopsy is indicated.
Objective
To determine the efficacy of various diagnostic tests (PSA, DRE, and TRUS) for detection of prostate cancer in comparison with prostate biopsy.
Material and Methods
Eighty six patients underwent PSA measurement, DRE, TRUS and prostate biopsy in the urological department of the Sulaimani Surgical Teaching Hospital between April, 2005 and February, 2006.
Results
Twenty four out of 86 patients who underwent biopsy were found to have a prostate cancer. Majority of patients (40) were between (70-79 years).
Conclusion
Adenocarcinoma of prostate is the commonest histological type. The combined use of different tests (PSA, DRE, and TRUS) is better in early diagnosis of prostate cancer. The definitive diagnosis is achieved by prostate biopsy.