bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adiposity in Juvenile Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Samad Aaida , Stoll Matthew L. , Lavi Idit , Hsu Joyce J. , Strand Vibeke , Robinson Thomas N. , Mellins Elizabeth D. , Zisman Devy 
Published: December 2017

Objective.Adult patients with psoriatic arthritis are at increased risk for obesity and metabolic syndrome, but data regarding adiposity in children with juvenile psoriatic arthritis (JPsA) are limited. Our study assessed adiposity in children with JPsA in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) registry.Methods.Patients with JPsA in the CARRA registry were divided into nonoverweight and overweight groups using recommendations from the US Centers for Disease Control, and differences in demographic and clinical characteristics between groups at baseline and after 1-year followup were assessed using chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, T test, or Mann-Whitney U test, as appropriate. The prevalence of overweight status in the JPsA registry patients was compared to rheumatoid factor–positive and −negative polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (RF+polyJIA; RF−polyJIA) registry cohorts and the US pediatric population, using a chi-square goodness-of-fit test.Results.Overweight children represented 36.3% of this JPsA cohort (n = 320). Compared to nonoverweight children, they were significantly older at symptom onset and rheumatologist’s first assessment, and scored significantly worse on patient/physician outcome measures. At 1-year followup, changes in body mass index were not associated with changes in clinical features or outcome measures. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in patients with JPsA was significantly higher than in RF+polyJIA patients, RF−polyJIA patients, and the US pediatric population.Conclusion.In this registry, almost 1 in 5 patients with JPsA were obese and more than one-third were overweight. This is significantly more than expected compared to the US pediatric population, and appropriate longterm followup of this JPsA subgroup is warranted.
Linking satisfaction to motivation determinants : Canadians’ travel to the Caribbean
Authors: Sarrasin Bruno , Arseneault Paul , Boivin Maryse 
Published: December 2017

Toute destination touristique s’efforce de générer l’envie de voyager et d’attirer des visiteurs d’origines variées. Dans cette optique, nous nous intéresserons aux déterminants de la motivation et de la satisfaction lors d’un séjour vacances dans la Caraïbe. Pour comprendre les facteurs influençant la motivation et le choix d’un lieu pour les vacances, plusieurs auteurs soulignent l’importance des éléments liés à l’individu (dits « PUSH ») et ceux liés aux caractéristiques de la destination envisagée (dits « PULL »). L’industrie touristique étant fortement liée à la prestation de services, la notion de satisfaction est aussi largement étudiée au niveau des entreprises et des destinations. En continuité des travaux réalisés sur la dialectique motivation-satisfaction, cet article a pour objectif d’analyser les déterminants « PUSH » et « PULL » d’une étude de cas et suivant une logique de modèle de confirmation. L’enquête sur laquelle s’appuie cette étude a été réalisée auprès d’un panel web de 1 203 Canadiens provenant des provinces du Québec et de l’Ontario. Au cours de celle-ci, les aspects culturels, économiques, psychosociologiques et environnementaux intervenant dans le choix d’une destination de la Caraïbe ont été évalués pour ensuite être appréciés en termes de satisfaction.
Ce que les fonctionnaires peuvent apprendre au secteur privé
Authors: Hafsi Taïeb 
Published: December 2017

On croit parfois à tort que les entreprises privées sont à l’origine de la plupart des principes du management et que le flot de l’inspiration est unidirectionnel, passant exclusivement du secteur privé vers le secteur public. Détruisons ce mythe !
Où se trouve la frontière entre le public et le privé ?
Authors: Lord Simon 
Published: December 2017

Le secteur privé contribue régulièrement aux projets du secteur public au moyen de partenariats, de contrats de consultation et de services divers. En même temps, le secteur public subventionne le privé, lui accorde des crédits d’impôt et investit dans ses activités. Mais où commencent et finissent donc les secteurs public et privé ?
Sprint ‒ Résoudre les problèmes et trouver de nouvelles idées en cinq jours, de Jake Knapp, John Zeratsky et Braden Kowitz
Authors: Jézéquel Myriam 
Published: December 2017

« Le brainstorming de groupe, où tout le monde braille ses idées, c’est très amusant », sauf que c’est assez décevant, constate Jack Knapp, ancien designer de projet chez Google Ventures. Une solution de rechange ? La méthode Sprint, qui permet d’évaluer la viabilité d’une idée en cinq jours.
Formes partielles et esse partialia
Authors: Roudaut Sylvain 
Published: December 2017

L’article examine la question des formes partielles, qui constitue un aspect de la querelle sur la pluralité des formes à la fin du Moyen Âge. Il se propose dans un premier temps d’élucider l’émergence de cette théorie chez ses premiers défenseurs, puis il analyse dans un second temps les diverses réactions qu’elle a pu susciter, jusque dans les années 1350. L’étude de cette question révèle que cette théorie accompagne une modification générale de la manière de concevoir la composition hylémorphique.
Interminimum foF1 Differences and Their Physical Interpretation
Authors: Mikhailov A. V. , Perrone L. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractInterminimum changes of June noontime monthly median foF1 were analyzed for European and Japanese ionosonde stations over the period of five (Moscow six) solar cycles. The magnitude of these changes is different at different stations and depends on the solar minima considered. In particular, both European and Japanese stations manifest a pronounced foF1 change between 1996/1997 and 2008/2009 solar minima, the latter being the deepest one. For the first time, the total EUV solar flux with λ ≤ 1,050 Å has been retrieved for the 1946–2015 period using observed June monthly median foF1. The deep solar minimum in 2008/2009 was the lowest one among the last six solar cycles comparing the retrieved EUV. The change from 1996/1997 to 2008/2009 in the retrieved EUV is ~2.0%, and this is much less than the difference of ~10–12% being discussed in the literature. A 10% interminimum change in the total EUV flux results in neutral temperature and gas density, which are larger in 2008 than in 1996, and this contradicts the satellite drag neutral gas density observations. The mechanism of foF1 interminimum changes is based on an interplay between molecular (NO+ and O2+) and O+ ions. The main contribution (>72%) to the interminimum NmF1 change provides [M+] ions via the total ion production rate variation, the rest is provided via O+ ions. The absence (or inversed) difference in foF1 between 1996 and 2008 minima implies that neutral temperature and density are larger in 2008 than in 1996, and this contradicts the satellite drag observations.
Clinical whole exome sequencing from dried blood spot identifies novel genetic defect underlying asparagine synthetase deficiency
Authors: Abhyankar Avinash , Lamendola‐Essel Michelle , Brennan Kelly , Giordano Jessica L. , Esteves Cecilia , Felice Vanessa , Wapner Ronald , Jobanputra Vaidehi 
Published: December 2017

Key Clinical MessageWe add two novel variants to the existing mutation spectrum of ASNS gene. Loss of ASNS function should be suspected in newborns presenting with congenital microcephaly, intellectual disability, progressive cerebral atrophy, and intractable seizures. Acquisition and sequencing of stored newborn blood spot can be a valuable option when no biological samples are available from a deceased child.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Study of Flow Induced by a Grooved High‐Shear Impeller in an Unbaffled Tank
Authors: Martínez-de Jesús Gaston , Ramírez-Muñoz Jorge , García-Cortés Daniel , Cota Luis G. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA detailed hydrodynamic characterization in the transitional flow regime of two variants of the Norstone Polyblade® high‐shear impeller (HSI), of industrial relevance, is presented. The study was carried out on a simulated Newtonian fluid using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Measurements of power number were carried out to validate the simulation results. Hydrodynamic parameters considered of key importance in powder dispersion processes (i.e., viscous dissipation and effective circulation) were used to assess the impellers' performance. Furthermore, their performances were compared with reported data for two ring‐style HSIs of two and four rings, and power number measurements of a sawtooth (Cowles‐type) impeller.
Selective oxidation of o‐chlorotoluene to o‐chlorobenzaldehyde catalyzed by (Co,Mn)(Co,Mn)2O4 catalysts
Authors: Liu Jiangyong , Zhang Yayun , Yan Xiaodong , Wang Zihao , Wu Faming , Fang Simeng , Jian Panming 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCatalytic oxidation of chlorotoluene is an important reaction for the production of chlorobenzaldehyde. Many works have focused on the oxidation of p‐chlorotoluene, while little attention has been paid to the oxidation of o‐chlorotoluene (OCT). Herein, we, for the first time, report on the selective oxidation of OCT to o‐chlorobenzaldehyde (OCBD) with a cobalt‐manganese composite oxide ((Co,Mn)(Co,Mn)2O4) as a catalyst and O2 as a green and free oxidant. The Co centres are slightly more active than the Mn centres toward the catalytic oxidation of OCT. However, the Co sites seem active enough to further oxidize the OCBD to o‐chlorobenzoic acid. It is also found that the crystallinity of the (Co,Mn)(Co,Mn)2O4 catalysts or the valence state of the surface cations in the catalysts affects the activity and selectivity.
High‐volume forced diuresis with matched hydration using the RenalGuard System to prevent contrast‐induced nephropathy: A meta‐analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Shah Rahman , Wood Sarah J. , Khan Sajjad A. , Chaudhry Amina , Rehan Khan M. , Morsy Mohamed S. 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundContrast‐induced nephropathy (CIN) is a well‐recognized complication of coronary angiography that is associated with poor outcomes. Several small randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have recently shown that in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), furosemide‐induced forced diuresis with matched hydration using the RenalGuard system can prevent its occurrence. However, individual studies have been underpowered and thus cannot show significant differences in major clinical endpoints.HypothesisForced diuresis with matched hydration using the RenalGuard system improves clinical outcomes in patients undergoing coronary angiography.MethodsScientific databases and websites were searched for relevant RCTs. The pooled risk ratios were calculated using random‐effects models. The primary endpoint was CIN, and the secondary endpoints were major adverse clinical events (MACEs) and the need for renal replacement therapy.ResultsData from 3 trials including 586 patients were analyzed. High‐volume forced diuresis with matched hydration using the RenalGuard system decreased risk of CIN by 60% (risk ratio: 0.40, 95% confidence interval: 0.25 to 0.65, P < 0.001), MACE rate by 59%, and the need for renal replacement therapy by 78%, compared with the standard of care.ConclusionsIn patients with CKD undergoing coronary angiography, high‐volume forced diuresis with matched hydration using the RenalGuard system significantly reduces the risk of CIN, MACE rate, and the need for renal replacement therapy. Larger RCTs with sufficient power are needed to confirm these findings.
Left atrial function and mortality in the oldest old
Authors: Leibowitz David , Koslowsky Jonathan , Gilon Dan , Jacobs Jeremy M. , Stessman‐Lande Irit , Stessman Jochanan 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundPrevious studies demonstrated that left atrium (LA) size is associated with mortality in an elderly population. It remains unclear whether indices of LA function including reservoir, conduit, or booster elements of LA function provide incremental prognostic information.HypothesisEchocardiographic measures of the various parameters of LA function would predict 5‐year mortality in a community‐dwelling population of 85 to 86 year olds independently of LA volume.MethodsSubjects ages 85 to 86 years old underwent home echocardiography. LA volumes were assessed by the biplane Simpson's method from apical views using measurements of phasic volumes and functions of the LA, including LA expansion index. LA passive and active emptying fractions were assessed. Survival status at 5‐year follow‐up was assessed.ResultsTwo hundred eighty‐two subjects were included, of whom 87 (31%) had died at follow‐up. Survival of the subjects in the lowest quartile of the LA expansion index as well as LA active filling index was significantly lower. When measurements of LA volume index were added to the model, the relationship between survival and indices of LA function remained significant.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that elderly subjects aged 85 to 86 years with significantly impaired LA function had increased 5‐year mortality independently of indices of LA volume.
Flow cytometric false myeloperoxidase‐positive childhood B‐lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Savaşan Süreyya , Buck Steven , Gadgeel Manisha , Gabali Ali 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundFlow cytometric intracellular myeloperoxidase (MPO) staining of leukemic blasts is a useful tool in diagnosis of leukemia subtype. Interpretation of high MPO‐positivity can be a diagnostic challenge in B‐lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL). While very few such cases have been reported, high MPO positive B‐ALL cases without additional myeloid antigen positivity are suspect and require further investigation.MethodsThree pediatric cases of B‐ALL with strong MPO staining (clone 8E6; Invitrogen) at diagnosis and three others with negative MPO staining were studied by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. In‐vitro drug cytotoxicity, oxidative stress generation, and immunophenotyping using other MPO clones were performed to further investigate MPO presence.ResultsExpectedly, normal myeloid cells in all six samples were positive and mature lymphocytes negative for MPO staining. However, MPO monoclonal antibody (mAb) obtained from clones other than Invitrogen and other myeloid‐specific mAbs gave negative results suggesting false positivity of the initial MPO staining. Immunohistochemistry for MPO was also negative on all six cases tested. Furthermore, in‐vitro vincristine cytotoxicity was greater in leukemic cells from MPO false‐positive cases compared with MPO‐negative B‐ALL samples, demonstrating indirect lack of MPO activity. Moreover, drug treatment did not lead to generation of reactive oxidative species, also reflective of lack of significant MPO presence.ConclusionsThe cause of false‐positive MPO staining remains unknown in these three cases; a cross reactivity could be the culprit. Caution should be given to similar phenomena and detailed investigation may contribute to the understanding of altered protein expression in such outlier cases. © 2017 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Climate of seed source affects susceptibility of coastal Douglas‐fir to foliage diseases
Authors: Wilhelmi Nicholas P. , Shaw David C. , Harrington Constance A. , St. Clair John Bradley , Ganio Lisa M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSeed‐source movement trials using common garden experiments are needed to understand climate, tree (host), and pathogen interactions. Douglas‐fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var menziesii) is an important tree species native to western North America influenced by the foliar fungi Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii, a biotroph and causal agent of Swiss needle cast (SNC), and Rhabdocline species, necrotrophs that cause Rhabdocline needle cast. We used the Douglas‐fir Seed‐Source Movement Trial, a large provenance study of Douglas‐fir that consists of populations and test sites chosen to represent the range of climate conditions experienced by Douglas‐fir west of the Cascade and northern Sierra Nevada Mountains, USA, to assess disease severity and symptom expression in Douglas‐fir in relation to climatic differences between test sites and population sources. Using generalized linear mixed models, probability of disease severity/expression was modeled with respect to the climate variables May through September precipitation (MSP), mean winter temperature (MWT), and continentality. Stark differences in disease expression were observed in trees from different regions, especially in relation to resistance to Rhabdocline spp. and tolerance to P. gaeumannii. There were no major differences across seed‐source regions at any particular site in infection levels of P. gaeumannii assessed by fruiting body abundance, yet disease tolerance followed similar geographic patterns as resistance to Rhabdocline spp. Transfers of populations from low to high MSP, and/or cool to warm MWT, increased the probability of moderate to severe Rhabdocline spp. infection and SNC disease symptoms. Our results suggest that local seed sources are adapted to local climate and pathogen pressures and that seed sources from regions with high foliage disease pressure are most resistant/tolerant to those foliage diseases. We also confirm that temperature and precipitation are important epidemiological factors in forest disease and that assisted migration must take into account trophic interactions of trees. Movement of seed sources from dry spring and summer and/or cool winter conditions to mild, mesic environments is likely to lead to increased probability of losses due to these foliage diseases.
Rheological and structural properties of enzyme‐induced gelation of milk proteins by ficin and Polyporus badius
Authors: Shabani Reihaneh , Shahidi Seyed‐Ahmad , Rafe Ali 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe rheological and microstructural characteristics of ewes’ milk curd obtained by coagulating with milk‐clotting enzymes, including ficin extract and Polyporus badius were evaluated. The gelation of milk was examined by small amplitude oscillatory shear measurements (SAOS). Different concentrations of ficin and P. badius extracts (1, 3, and 5%) were utilized to coagulate milk proteins. The ewes’ samples containing ficin and mushroom enzymes were heated from 25 to 45°C at a heating rate 1°C/min and kept for 30 min. Then, the curds were cooled down to 25°C with the same heating rate. The ficin extract could induce stronger gels at 45°C and 5% ficin. Similar results were also found for 5% P. badius extract and incubation at 45°C. However, P.badius gels achieved a network with more viscous characteristics and had a softer texture than ficin gels. Therefore, it may be concluded the induced gels with mushroom had higher moisture and lower protein contents, which related to the high proteolytic activity of P. badius. The microstructure survey showed that the mushroom‐induced gel had a more compact structure. By increasing enzyme concentration, both gels showed a coarser and more compact protein network. Whereas, the P. badius gels had more fusions and folds which indicate the greater proteolysis occurred during gelation and there was greater breakdown of protein. Our findings suggest the application of ficin and P. badius enzymes to develop a novel procedure to coagulate milk proteins and providing new structures in food systems.
The inhibitory potential of Zataria multiflora and Syzygium aromaticum essential oil on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus in culture media and Iranian white cheese
Authors: Moosavi‐Nasab Marzieh , Jamalian Jalal , Heshmati Hana , Haghighi‐Manesh Soroush 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAntifungal activity of essential oils (EOs) of Zataria multiflora (thyme) and Syzygium aromaticum (clove) against Aspergillus flavus growth and aflatoxin B1 production was studied in potato dextrose agar (PDA) and potato dextrose broth (PDB), as well as in Iranian white cheese as a food model. The results showed that the inhibitory potential of EOs in the PDB medium is more than PDA medium. Clove EO on PDB medium prevented fungal growth and aflatoxin B1 production at 300 and 100 ppm, respectively. However, the thyme EO was not able to inhibit fungal growth completely and showed the strongest inhibition effect at 400 ppm. EOs also had more inhibitory activity in laboratory culture media than the food environments. EOs in all concentrations reduced aflatoxin B1 production and fungal growth in cheese, but only the clove EO at 150 ppm was able to prevent the fungal growth and aflatoxin B1 production completely. Thyme EO reduced aflatoxin B1 value to below detection threshold (2 ppb) at 10 μl. Our findings propose EOs as a natural inhibitor to control fungal contamination of foodstuffs such as Iranian white cheese.
Differential impact of tongue exercise on intrinsic lingual muscles
Authors: Cullins Miranda J. , Krekeler Brittany N. , Connor Nadine P. 
Published: December 2017

Objectives/HypothesisAging is associated with muscle fiber hypotrophy and decreased percentages of rapidly contracting myosin heavy chain (MyHC) type IIb muscle fibers. Tongue exercise programs used to treat dysphagia target age‐related decline in tongue muscle function, but the impact of exercise on the intrinsic tongue muscles is unknown. We hypothesized that exercise would induce muscle fiber hypertrophy and increase the percentage of MyHC IIa fibers in the intrinsic tongue.Study DesignAnimal model.MethodsEight old and eight young‐adult rats underwent 8 weeks of tongue exercise training, and 8 animals of each age group served as controls. Longitudinal, transverse, and verticalis muscle samples from the anterior, middle, and posterior regions of the tongue were sectioned and stained to determine muscle fiber diameter and MyHC composition.ResultsMyHC fiber type distribution was altered by exercise, and the effects differed by muscle and region of the tongue. In the exercise groups, as compared to the control groups, the anterior transverse and middle superior longitudinal muscles had significantly reduced percentages of MyHC IIx positive fibers and higher percentages of rapidly contracting fatigable MyHC IIb positive muscle fibers, whereas the middle transverse and posterior longitudinal muscles had increased percentages of the less rapidly contracting and more fatigue‐resistant MyHC IIa fibers. The impact of exercise did not differ with age, as there was no significant interaction between age and exercise. Tongue exercise had no significant effect on muscle fiber diameter.ConclusionsThe impact of exercise varied among the tongue muscles, which may indicate different functional contributions to the tongue exercise task.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 128:2245–2251, 2018