bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tricolored Bat (Perimyotis subflavus) microsite use throughout hibernation
Authors: Brown Rebecca L , Loeb Susan C , Bridges William C , Rodriguez Shari L 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
White-nose syndrome (WNS) has caused dramatic population declines in several bat species, including the Tricolored Bat (Perimyotis subflavus). Several studies have documented bats using colder roosting temperatures after infection; however, this strategy may have costs such as increased freezing risks or greater predation risks and it is unknown when during hibernation bats begin to utilize these colder temperatures. Our aim was to examine Tricolored Bat roost locations in a WNS-positive site in relation to roost microclimate and other environmental conditions throughout the hibernation season. We conducted monthly censuses of tricolored bats across 2 hibernation seasons (November to March 2020 to 2021 and October to March 2021 to 2022) in a WNS-positive hibernaculum in northwestern South Carolina and recorded skin and adjacent wall temperature, tunnel section, and distance from the entrance for each bat species. We continuously measured hibernacula temperature and relative humidity during both hibernation seasons. Most bats roosted in the back part of the tunnel where temperatures were warmer and more stable, and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and human disturbance were low. However, &gt;20% of bats roosted in the front, where roost temperatures were significantly colder and VPD was higher but more variable; human disturbance was also higher in this section. The proportion of bats in each tunnel section did not vary among months and we did not find evidence of significant movement to the front section of the tunnel as hibernation progressed based on marked bats; however, bats in the front section roosted higher on the wall suggesting that they may be avoiding human disturbance or predators. Our results support the notion that no optimum hibernation temperature exists for tricolored bats and that high VPD and disturbance are likely important factors driving microsite use. Protection of Tricolored Bat hibernacula that offer a range of microclimates or a network of sites in close proximity that offer different microclimates may be helpful for recovery of this species.
Validation of a breast cancer assay for radiotherapy omission: an individual participant data meta-analysis
Authors: Karlsson Per , Fyles Anthony , Chang S Laura , Arrick Bradley , Baehner Frederick L , Malmström Per , Fernö Mårtin , Holmberg Erik , Sjöström Martin , Liu Fei-Fei , Cameron David A , Williams Linda J , Bartlett John M S , Dunlop Joanna , Caldwell Jacqueline , Loane Joseph F , Mallon Elizabeth , Piper Tammy , Kunkler Ian , Feng Felix Y , Speers Corey W , Pierce Lori J , Bennett John P , Taylor Karen J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
There are currently no molecular tests to identify individual breast cancers where radiotherapy (RT) offers no benefit. Profile for the Omission of Local Adjuvant Radiotherapy (POLAR) is a 16-gene molecular signature developed to identify low-risk cancers where RT will not further reduce recurrence rates.

Methods
An individual participant data meta-analysis was performed in 623 patients of node-negative estrogen receptor–positive and HER2-negative early breast cancer enrolled in 3 RT randomized trials for whom primary tumor material was available for analysis. A Cox proportional hazards model on time to locoregional recurrence was used to test the interaction between POLAR score and RT.

Results
A total of 429 (69%) patients’ tumors had a high POLAR score, and 194 (31%) had a low score. Patients with high POLAR score had, in the absence of RT, a 10-year cumulative incidence of locoregional recurrence (20%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 15% to 26%, vs 5%, [CI] 2% to 11%) for those with a low score. Patients with a high POLAR score had a large benefit from RT (hazard ratio [HR] for RT vs no RT = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.23 to 0.60; P &lt; .001). In contrast, there was no evidence of benefit from RT for patients with a low POLAR score (HR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.42 to 2.02; P = .832). The test for interaction between RT and POLAR was statistically significant (P = .022).

Conclusions
POLAR is not only prognostic for locoregional recurrence but also predictive of benefit from RT in selected patients. Patients aged 50 years and older with estrogen receptor–positive and HER2-negative disease and a low POLAR score could consider omitting adjuvant RT. Further validation in contemporary clinical cohorts is required.
Sexual and reproductive health guidelines for Black girls: a call to action
Authors: Crooks Natasha , Sanker-Panchal Kimberly , Okafor Annette , Irving Di’Avionne , Singer Randi , Donenberg Geri 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
Black girls disproportionately face adverse sexual and reproductive health outcomes in their lifetime. In healthcare, Black girls experience racism and misogyny, which manifest as a combination of discriminatory practices and biases that result in their symptoms being dismissed or neglected, their voices silenced, inadequate treatment, and higher mortality rates. Pediatric providers are in an ideal position to influence, advocate, and strengthen Black girls’ sexual and reproductive health. The purpose of this topical review is to discuss current guidelines and provide recommendations to improve pediatric sexual and reproductive care for Black girls.

Methods
We examine current pediatric guidelines and recommendations for adolescent sexual and reproductive health.

Results
Current guidelines recommended by organizations and professional societies such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, World Health Organization, Society of Adolescent Health Medicine, and American Academy of Pediatrics are inconsistent and insufficient for the unique needs of Black girls.

Conclusions
We offer three recommendations for pediatric providers to ensure the optimal sexual and reproductive health care for Black girls. These provider recommendations will aid in the protection of Black girls’ sexual and reproductive health.
Mature cystic teratoma originating in the broad ligament: a case report
Authors: Meng Tingzhu , Lu Xueliang , Teng Dan , Li Xin , Shi Jie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Teratomas are germ cell tumors, commonly affecting ovaries. Teratomas rarely affect extragonadal tissues. Few cases of teratomas occurring in extragonadal tissues have been reported in the past. However, no studies have reported cases of primary teratomas occurring in the broad ligament. In this study, we report a case of a sexually inactive young woman with a 3-day history of lower abdominal pain. B-ultrasound examination revealed an abnormal strong echogenicity mass in the left adnexal area. An exploratory laparotomy was performed on her. The surgery revealed normal size and appearance of both ovaries and uterus. However, a cyst was observed in the left broad ligament, which was diagnosed as benign mature teratoma based on pathology. In this study, we report a rare case of broad ligament teratoma. The clinical data enrich our understanding of teratomas and provide a reference for further studies.
Molecular epidemiology of seborrheic dermatitis/dandruff associated Malassezia species from northern India
Authors: Honnavar Prasanna , Chakrabarti Arunaloke , Joseph Jillwin , Thakur Sheetal , Dogra Sunil , Lakshmi P V M , Rudramurthy Shivaprakash M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Malassezia is a commensal that sometimes becomes pathogenic under the influence of diverse factors. Several species of Malassezia are difficult to culture, making traditional methods of identification challenging. The problem with molecular typing of Malassezia in association with seborrheic dermatitis/dandruff (SD/D) arises due to the unavailability of these fastidious yeast cultures. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (FAFLP) genotypes, disease state (SD/D), and the geographic distribution of M. globosa, M. restricta, and M. arunalokei. In total, 154 isolates representing M. globosa (n = 85), M. restricta (n = 55), and M. arunalokei (n = 14) from lesional/non-lesional areas of SD/D patients and healthy controls residing in the rural (n = 77) and urban (n = 77) areas of northern India were included. A strategy based on the FAFLP methodology was developed using two endonuclease enzymes (EcoRI and HindIII). M. globosa, M. restricta, and M. arunalokei formed 11, 3, and 2 FAFLP clusters, respectively. Disease-specific strains of M. restricta and M. arunalokei preferentially tend to cause SD/D. M. restricta and M. arunalokei showed less genetic variation. M.globosa showed higher genetic diversity. FAFLP clusters revealed the existence of geographically specific strains in M. restricta, M. arunalokei, and M. globosa. Our findings suggest that certain Malassezia strains are not only disease-specific but also geographically distinct.
Sequential formation of supermassive stars and heavy seed BHs through the interplay of cosmological cold accretion and stellar radiative feedback
Authors: Kiyuna Masaki , Hosokawa Takashi , Chon Sunmyon 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Supermassive stars (SMSs) and heavy seed black holes, as their remnants, are promising candidates for supermassive black hole (SMBH) progenitors, especially for ones observed in the early universe $z\simeq 8.5-10$ by recent JWST observations. Expected cradles of SMSs are the atomic cooling haloes ($M_{\rm halo}\simeq 10^7\ \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$), where ‘cold accretion’ emerges and possibly forms SMSs. We perform a suit of cosmological radiation hydrodynamics simulations and investigate star formation after the emergence of cold accretion, solving radiative feedback from stars inside the halo. We follow the mass growth of the protostars for $\sim 3\ \mathrm{Myr}$, resolving the gas inflow down to $\sim 0.1\ \mathrm{pc}$ scales. We discover that, after cold accretion emerges, multiple SMSs of $m_{\star }\gtrsim 10^5\ \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$ form at the halo centre with the accretion rates maintained at $\dot{m}_{\star }\simeq 0.04\ \mathrm{M}_\odot \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ for $\lesssim 3\ \mathrm{Myr}$. Cold accretion supplies gas at a rate of $\dot{M}_{\rm gas}\gtrsim 0.01-0.1\ \mathrm{M}_\odot \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ from outside the halo virial radius to the central gas disc. Gravitational torques from spiral arms transport gas further inwards, which feeds the SMSs. Radiative feedback from stars suppresses $\mathrm{H}_2$ cooling and disc fragmentation, while photoevaporation is prevented by a dense envelope, which attenuates ionizing radiation. Our results suggest that cold accretion can bring efficient BH mass growth after seed formation in the later universe. Moreover, cold accretion and gas migration inside the central disc increase the mass concentration and provide a promising formation site for the extremely compact stellar clusters observed by JWST.
Compact object populations over cosmic time – I. bossa: a binary object environment-sensitive sampling algorithm
Authors: de Sá Lucas M , Bernardo Antônio , Rocha Lívia S , Bachega Riis R A , Horvath Jorge E 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Binary population synthesis (BPS) is an essential tool for extracting information about massive binary evolution from gravitational-wave detections of compact object mergers. It has been successfully used to constrain the most likely permutations of evolution models among hundreds of alternatives, while initial condition models, in contrast, have not yet received the same level of attention. Here, we introduce bossa, a detailed initial sampling code including a set of 192 initial condition permutations for BPS, that captures both ‘invariant’ and ‘varying’ models, the latter accounting for a possible metallicity- and star formation rate-dependence of the initial mass function (IMF), as well as correlations between the initial primary mass, orbital period, mass ratio, and eccentricity of binaries. We include 24 metallicity-specific cosmic star formation history models and propose two alternate models for the mass-dependent binary fraction. We build a detailed pipeline for time-evolving BPS, such that each binary has well-defined initial conditions, and we are able to distinguish the contributions from populations of different ages. We discuss the meaning of the IMF for binaries and introduce a refined initial sampling procedure for component masses. We also discuss the treatment of higher order multiple systems when normalizing a binary sample. In particular, we argue for how a consistent interpretation of the IMF implies that this is not the distribution from which any set of component masses should be independently drawn, and show how the individual IMF of primaries and companions is expected to deviate from the full IMF.
Low-resolution transit spectroscopy of three hot Jupiters using the 2 m Himalayan Chandra Telescope
Authors: Unni Athira , Sivarani Thirupathi , Goyal Jayesh , Joshi Yogesh C , Oza Apurva V , Banyal Ravinder K 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Here, we present the low-resolution transmission spectroscopy of three giant planets using the Himalayan Faint Object Spectrograph Camera (HFOSC) on the 2 m Himalayan Chandra Telescope (HCT) in Hanle, India. It is the first application of transmission spectroscopy with HCT. This study presents results from a single transit, each for three planets: HAT-P-1b, KELT-18b, and WASP-127b. The selection of suitable reference stars assisted in accurately tracking slit losses for the long cadence observations that are needed to achieve the required signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We employ the common mode correction technique, utilizing a white light transit curve to minimize time-dependent systematic errors. The observed spectra for WASP-127b and HAT-P-1b agree with previous low-resolution transit spectroscopic observations using other observing facilities. We confirm the presence of Rayleigh scattering in the atmosphere of WASP-127b. In addition, we provide the first low-resolution transmission spectrum for KELT-18b. Modelling the exoplanet atmosphere with HFOSC and available IR observations from HST and Spitzer for WASP-127b and HAT-P-1b shows that HFOSC can be an alternative optical instrument to use in conjunction with IR observations to constrain the atmospheric parameters better.
E-cigarette Retail Outlets in Mexico: A Country That Bans the Sale
Authors: Zepeta Hernández David , López Arellano Angelica Susana , del Angel Salazar Erika Mayte , Martínez Díaz Nazaria 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Restrictive e-cigarette policies have not allowed for the characterization of the sale of these tobacco products in the countries where they are implemented. This is because it is believed that there are no stores. However, the use of e-cigarettes persists in these countries.

Aims and Methods
A content analysis of electronic cigarette points of sale through the Internet in Mexico was conducted. Cross-sectional study. Structured searches were performed in the Google Maps search engine with the terms “electronic cigarette store” and “vape store” in combination with the name of each state of Mexico, in the period from October 2021 to February 2022.

Results
A total of 695 e-cigarette stores were located, of which 481 (69.2%) were physical stores, 207 hybrid stores (29.8%), 4 online stores (0.6%), and 3 (0.4%) vending machines. A total of 316 e-cigarette brands and 578 vape liquid brands were identified. The sales attraction strategy they used the most was free shipping of products (85.8%). Stores used WhatsApp (92.5%), Facebook (86.3%), and Instagram (74.4%) to promote their products. Only 35.1% of stores checked the age of their customers, of which, 95.9% asked if the customer was of legal age and 4.1% asked for the date of birth. In addition, 25.6% of the stores warned about nicotine addiction and 24.2% specifically about the ingredients of the liquids.

Conclusions
E-cigarettes are widely available and marketed in a variety of retail outlets in Mexico. The high number of stores, brands of liquids, and e-cigarettes indicates noncompliance with existing regulations.

Implications
E-cigarette consumption has increased globally, even in countries with restrictive regulations. However, there is limited data on the density and characteristics of vape stores in low- and middle-income countries with restrictive regulations. This study found no significant differences in e-cigarette sales between countries with permissive and restrictive regulations. Therefore, it is suggested that, in addition to establishing restrictive policies on the sale of e-cigarettes, their enforcement should also be monitored. Countries with restrictive measures should regulate Internet sales and promotion of e-cigarettes with greater emphasis.
ANA-positive versus ANA-negative Antiphospholipid Antibody-positive Patients: Results from the Antiphospholipid Syndrome Alliance for Clinical Trials and International Networking (APS ACTION) Clinical Database and Repository (“Registry”)
Authors: Cecchi Irene , Radin Massimo , Foddai Silvia Grazietta , Barinotti Alice , Andrade Danieli , Tektonidou Maria G , Pengo Vittorio , Ruiz-Irastorza Guillermo , Belmont H Michael , Lopez Pedrera Chary , Fortin Paul R , Gerosa Maria , de Jesús Guilherme , Atsumi Tatsuya , Ji Lanlan , Efthymiou Maria , Branch D Ware , Nalli Cecilia , Rodriguez-Almaraz Esther , Petri Michelle , Cervera Ricard , Knight Jason S , Artim-Esen Bahar , Willis Rohan , Bertolaccini Maria Laura , Cohen Hannah , Erkan Doruk , Sciascia Savino 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study focused on the prevalence and impact of ANA in aPL-positive patients without concomitant systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs).

Methods
Data from aPL-positive patients with or without Revised Sapporo APS classification criteria were retrieved from the Antiphospholipid Syndrome Alliance for Clinical Trials and International Networking (APS ACTION) Registry. Patients with concomitant SARDs were excluded.

Results
A total of 430 aPL-positive patients were included in the analysis, 56% ANA-positive (ANA+) and 44% ANA-negative (ANA−). ANA positivity was significantly associated with history of haematologic manifestations (persistent autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and/or lymphopenia) (16% of ANA+ vs 7% of ANA−, P = 0.006). Triple aPL-positivity was more frequent in the ANA+ subgroup (P = 0.02), along with low baseline C3 and C4 levels (P = 0.05 and P = 0.009, respectively), and higher frequency for ENA. Among aPL-positive patients with no APS classification, ANA+ patients showed a higher rate of arthritis (P = 0.006). Among female patients who have experienced at least one pregnancy, 113 were ANA+ and 96 were ANA−; ANA− patients had a higher number of pregnancies (P = 0.018), and number of live births (P = 0.014). A wider proportion of ANA+ patients were treated with HCQ (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
When we analysed aPL-positive patients with no other SARDs, ANA status was not associated with thrombosis or pregnancy morbidity. Interestingly, ANA+ patients showed higher rates of systemic autoimmune features, including haematologic manifestations, multiple aPL positivity, lower complement levels, ENA positivity, and joint involvement, and were more often treated with HCQ. Finally, aPL-positive subjects who were ANA− had a higher rate of pregnancies and live births.
Anti-Gender Politics, Economic Insecurity, and Right-Wing Populism: The Rise of Modern Sexism among Young Men in South Korea
Authors: Lee Soohyun Christine 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The 2022 presidential election in Korea saw a huge swing of young men toward the conservative candidate Yoon Suk-yeol, which was decisive for his electoral victory. This unprecedented electoral volatility created a gendered division among young voters, who had been a solid progressive voting block supporting the center-left party. The article shows how the conservatives’ anti-feminist campaign drove a wedge between young men and women, and it investigates the sources of modern sexism that allowed the successful mobilization of young men. In doing so, it points to the socioeconomic foundations of anti-gender politics: economic insecurity caught up with traditional familism and marital norms produced toxic anxiety among young men because leading a “normal life” of marriage and family is deemed beyond their reach. This anxiety made them vulnerable to the right-wing populism that was at the heart of the conservatives’ anti-feminist campaign.
Stranger things: on the novel buccopharyngeal anatomy and functional morphology of ‘sand-eating’ Malagasy tadpoles (Anura: Mantellidae: Mantidactylus)
Authors: dos Santos Dias Pedro Henrique , Vera Candioti Florencia , Wassersug Richard , Lukas Paul , Targino Mariane , Glos Julian , Wheeler Ward C , Hertwig Stefan , Crottini Angelica , Haas Alexander 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Anuran larvae are characterized by an extensive array of specialized oral structures that allow them to both graze on substrates and suspension feed with great efficiency. Diversity in these feeding structures accounts for significant diversity of anurans. Herein we describe an astonishing novel buccopharyngeal morphology in six larvae of ‘sand-eating’ tadpoles of the Mantellidae genus Mantidactylus. The buccopharyngeal cavity of these tadpoles is characterized by the presence of ruffled ridges not seen previously in any other anuran larva. Extensive review of the literature and of new empirical data demonstrates the uniqueness of this morphology. We present both CT scans and ergonomic arguments in support of the hypothesis that the ruffled ridges are employed as scrubbing pads, allowing these tadpoles to remove food particles from sand grains. In addition, we explore how the ridges may have developed and evolved.
Evaluation of an Orientation Program for Adjunct Clinical Instructors in Nursing
Authors: Gravis Esther , Dolansky Mary A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Part-time clinical nurse instructors teach students in many nursing schools in the United States. They are often unprepared for this role and require instruction in teaching methods. We developed and evaluated an online orientation program to provide the knowledge and skills necessary for nurses to become confident clinical instructors. For this project, 55 nurses completed the program; 28 were part-time faculty. Significant statistical differences were noted after completing the orientation program. Part-time faculty notably benefited from the online program and felt more confident in their ability to work with students.