bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between pre‐operative buccal bone thickness and soft tissue changes around immediately placed and restored implants in the maxillary anterior region: A 2‐year prospective study
Authors: Arora Himanshu , Ivanovski Saso 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectivesThis study evaluated the correlation between pre‐operative buccal cortical bone thickness and peri‐implant tissue response following immediate placement and restoration of implants in the maxillary aesthetic zone.Material and MethodsEighteen patients (3 males, 15 females) with an age range of 19–57 years requiring the replacement of a single maxillary anterior tooth were included in this prospective study. Patients were selected on the basis of defined criteria: intact socket walls, absence of any acute infection in the sockets, absence of any gingival marginal pathology and attainment of a high primary stability (≥30 Ncm) at implant placement. Regardless of buccal bone thickness, all participating patients underwent the same treatment strategy that involved removal of the failed tooth, flapless surgery, immediate implant placement, grafting of the implant‐socket gap and connection of a screw‐retained provisional restoration. Buccal bone thickness was evaluated using pre‐operativeCBCTscans. Intra‐oral photographs were taken before implant placement (baseline) and at 1‐ and 2‐year follow‐up to assess soft tissue changes around the implants. Aesthetic evaluation was carried out using the pink esthetic score (PES).ResultsAll implants remained osseointegrated during the follow‐up period of 2 years with mesial papilla, distal papilla, and mid‐facial gingiva showing a mean recession of 0.06 ± 0.71 mm, 0.25 ± 0.78 mm, and 0.22 ± 0.83 mm, respectively. Pink esthetic score values improved from a median value of 9 (IQR8.75–10.25) pre‐operatively to 11 (IQR9.75–12) at the end of 2 years. No significant correlation was found between buccal bone thickness (range 0.45–1.24 mm) and soft tissue or aesthetic changes.ConclusionsWithin the limits of this study, no significant correlation could be found between pre‐operative buccal bone width and the soft tissue and aesthetic outcome following immediate implant placement and restoration in the anterior maxilla. Therefore, favourable clinical and aesthetic outcomes could be achieved by applying a strict selection criteria and treatment protocol regardless of the initial thickness of the buccal bone.
Narrow‐ and regular‐diameter implants in the posterior region of the jaws to support single crowns: A 3‐year split‐mouth randomized clinical trial
Authors: de Souza André Barbisan , Sukekava Flávia , Tolentino Livia , César‐Neto João Batista , Garcez‐Filho João , Araújo Mauricio G. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this 3‐year split‐mouth randomized controlled clinical study was to compare narrow‐diameter implants (NDIs) to regular‐diameter implants (RDIs) in the posterior region of the jaws (premolars and molars) in regards to (i) the marginal bone level (MBL) and (ii) implant and prosthesis survival and success rates.Material and MethodsA total of 22 patients were included in the study. Each patient received at least one implant of each diameter (Ø3.3 and Ø4.1 mm), placed either in the maxilla or mandible to support single crowns. A total 44 implants (22 NDIs and 22 RDIs) were placed and included in the study. Twenty‐one implants were placed in the premolar, whereas 23 were placed in molar areas. Radiographic evaluations to access the MBL were performed immediately after implant placement, 1 and 3 years after implant loading. Peri‐implant clinical variables including probing pocket depth (PPD) and bleeding on probing (BoP) were obtained after crown delivery, 1 and 3 years after loading. Furthermore, the survival and success rates of the implants and prosthesis were also evaluated.ResultsTwenty patients were able to complete the study. There was no statistically significant difference regarding MBL between groups at implant placement (p = .084), 1‐year (p = .794) and 3‐year (p = .598) time intervals. The mean peri‐implant bone loss at 3‐year follow‐up was −0.58 ± 0.39 mm (95% CI: −0.751 to −0.409) and −0.53 ± 0.46 mm (95% CI: −0.731 to −0.329) for NDIs and RDIs, respectively. BoP was present at 15% and 10% of NDIs and RDIs, respectively, at 3‐year follow‐up. PPD >5 mm was observed in 5% and 0% of the implants of NDIs and RDIs, respectively, at 3‐year follow‐up. At the 3‐year examination, the implant success rates were in the NDIs and RDIs sites, respectively, 95% and 100%. The corresponding values for prosthesis success rates were 90% for NDIs and 95% for RDIs.ConclusionThe present study demonstrated that NDIs placed to support single crowns in the posterior region did not differ to RDIs in regards to MBL, implant survival, and success rates.
The Impact of Control and Complexity on Supply Network Performance: An Empirically Informed Investigation Using NK Simulation Analysis
Authors: Giannoccaro Ilaria , Nair Anand , Choi Thomas 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTControl over suppliers is a core issue for a buying firm. Despite the amount of research on the topic, how much of its supply network (i.e., scope of control) a buying firm should control, so as to increase supply network performance, is a question that has not received adequate research attention. The study addresses this research question by considering the supply network as a complex adaptive system and developing an empirically informed agent‐based simulation model using the NK fitness landscape framework, to examine how varying levels of scope of control influence supply network performance. We also investigate the direct effect of two supply network complexity dimensions (i.e., number of firms and level of supply interactions) on supply network performance and the moderating effect played by the scope of control. Results show that the relationship between scope of control and supply network performance follows an inverted‐U shape. Furthermore, we find that the complexity dimensions negatively affect supply network performance with the performance decrease depending on the scope of control. Based on these findings, we formulate different control strategies to mitigate the negative influence of complexity.
Appropriate use of echocardiography and relation to clinical decision making in both inpatients and outpatients in a developing country
Authors: Romano Minna Moreira Dias , Branco Marina , Moreira Henrique Turin , Schmidt André , Kisslo Joseph , Maciel Benedito Carlos 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundUse of echocardiography (echo) has exponentially increased in recent decades. Concerned about this scientific society developed appropriate use criteria (AUC). Clinical management still suffers geographical variations, and no objective data are available about echo AUC in developing countries. We aimed to evaluate (1) the appropriateness of referrals and (2) their relation to changes in clinical decision management.MethodsProspective analysis of referrals from January to December 2014. Appropriateness and endpoints analyzed in different time points from medical archives. Endpoints: (1) change in the diagnosis, (2) indication for another method to complete the diagnosis, (3) change in clinical treatment, (4) indication for a treatment intervention, or (5) no change in management. Descriptive statistical analysis, Fisher's or chi‐square tests, and Cox regression used as appropriate (significance if P < .05).ResultsOne thousand one hundred referrals were analyzed (55.5 ± 16.1 years, 44.6% male). 80.5% of referrals were appropriate (A), 11.2% “Rarely Appropriate” (RA), and 8.3% “May Be Appropriate” (MBA). Proportion of (A) did not differ between modalities (TTE‐80.5% vs TEE‐87.7% vs STR‐81.2%, P = .67). (A) referrals were more related to clinical decision than (RA)+(MBA) (38.9% [A] vs 15% [RA]+[MBA], P < .001). The most frequent clinical indications of (RA) and (MBA) TTE were reevaluation of ventricular function without clinical change (AUC 10 and 11) and search of infectious endocarditis when low clinical probability (53).ConclusionsIn a developing country, appropriateness of echo was similar to the United States and Europe. However, a significant proportion of referrals were still (RA) or (MBA), with no effect in clinical management. Controlling referrals 10, 11, and 53 can optimize echo use in developing countries.
Reducing reactive aggression in schoolchildren through child, parent, and conjoint parent‐child group interventions: An efficacy study of longitudinal outcomes
Authors: Fung Annis Lai Chu 
Published: October 2017

This study was the first to evaluate the effectiveness of three different group interventions to reduce children's reactive aggression based on the social information processing (SIP) model. In the first stage of screening, 3,734 children of Grades 4–6 completed the Reactive–Proactive Aggression Questionnaire (RPQ) to assess their reactive and proactive aggression. Respondents with a total score of z ≥ 1 on the RPQ were shortlisted for the second stage of screening by qualitative interview. Interviews with 475 children were conducted to select those who showed reactive aggression featuring a hostile attributional bias. Finally, 126 children (97 males and 29 females) aged 8 to 14 (M = 9.71, SD = 1.23) were selected and randomly assigned to one of the three groups: a child group, a parent group, and a parent–child group. A significant Time × Intervention effect was found for general and reactive aggression. The parent–child group and child group showed a significant drop in general aggression and reactive aggression from posttest to 6‐month follow‐up, after controlling for baseline scores, sex, and age. However, the parent group showed no treatment effect: reactive aggression scores were significantly higher than those in the child group at 6‐month follow‐up. This study has provided strong evidence that children with reactive aggression need direct and specific treatment to reconstruct the steps of the SIP involving the selection and interpretation of cues. The intervention could help to prevent severe violent crimes at the later stage of a reactive aggressor.
Land use of drained peatlands: Greenhouse gas fluxes, plant production, and economics
Authors: Kasimir Åsa , He Hongxing , Coria Jessica , Nordén Anna 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDrained peatlands are hotspots for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which could be mitigated by rewetting and land use change. We performed an ecological/economic analysis of rewetting drained fertile peatlands in a hemiboreal climate using different land use strategies over 80 years. Vegetation, soil processes, and total GHG emissions were modeled using the CoupModel for four scenarios: (1) business as usual—Norway spruce with average soil water table of −40 cm; (2) willow with groundwater at −20 cm; (3) reed canary grass with groundwater at −10 cm; and (4) a fully rewetted peatland. The predictions were based on previous model calibrations with several high‐resolution datasets consisting of water, heat, carbon, and nitrogen cycling. Spruce growth was calibrated by tree‐ring data that extended the time period covered. The GHG balance of four scenarios, including vegetation and soil, were 4.7, 7.1, 9.1, and 6.2 Mg CO2eq ha−1 year−1, respectively. The total soil emissions (including litter and peat respiration CO2 + N2O + CH4) were 33.1, 19.3, 15.3, and 11.0 Mg CO2eq ha−1 year−1, respectively, of which the peat loss contributed 35%, 24%, and 7% of the soil emissions for the three drained scenarios, respectively. No peat was lost for the wet peatland. It was also found that draining increases vegetation growth, but not as drastically as peat respiration does. The cost–benefit analysis (CBA) is sensitive to time frame, discount rate, and carbon price. Our results indicate that the net benefit was greater with a somewhat higher soil water table and when the peatland was vegetated with willow and reed canary grass (Scenarios 2 and 3). We conclude that saving peat and avoiding methane release using fairly wet conditions can significantly reduce GHG emissions, and that this strategy should be considered for land use planning and policy‐making.
Osmotic gradient ektacytometry: A valuable screening test for hereditary spherocytosis and other red blood cell membrane disorders
Authors: Llaudet‐Planas E. , Vives‐Corrons J. L. , Rizzuto V. , Gómez‐Ramírez P. , Sevilla Navarro J. , Coll Sibina M. T. , García‐Bernal M. , Ruiz Llobet A. , Badell I. , Velasco‐Puyó P. , Dapena J. L. , Mañú‐Pereira M. M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIntroductionNew generation osmotic gradient ektacytometry has become a powerful procedure for measuring red blood cell deformability and therefore for the diagnosis of red blood cell membrane disorders. In this study, we aim to provide further support to the usefulness of osmotic gradient ektacytometry for the differential diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis by measuring the optimal cutoff values of the parameters provided by this technique.MethodsA total of 65 cases of hereditary spherocytosis, 7 hereditary elliptocytosis, 3 hereditary xerocytosis, and 171 normal controls were analyzed with osmotic gradient ektacytometry in addition to the routine red blood cell laboratory techniques. The most robust osmoscan parameters for hereditary spherocytosis diagnosis were determined using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.ResultsThe best diagnostic criteria for hereditary spherocytosis were the combination of decreased minimal elongation index up to 3% and increased minimal osmolality point up to 5.2% when compared to the mean of controls. Using this established criterion, osmotic gradient ektacytometry reported a sensitivity of 93.85% and a specificity of 98.38% for the diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis.ConclusionOsmotic gradient ektacytometry is an effective diagnostic test for hereditary spherocytosis and enables its differential diagnosis with other red blood cell membrane diseases based on specific pathology profiles.
Soft power and exchange rate volatility
Authors: Cevik Serhan , Harris Richard D. F. , Yilmaz Fatih 
Published: October 2017

AbstractStandard models—based exclusively on macro‐financial variables—have made little progress in explaining the behaviour of exchange rates. In this paper, we introduce a neglected set of ‘soft power’ factors capturing a country's demographic, institutional, political, and social underpinnings to shed some light on the ‘missing’ determinants of exchange rate volatility over time and across countries. Based on a balanced panel dataset comprising 115 countries during the period 1996–2015, the empirical results are generally robust across different estimation methodologies and show a high degree of persistence in exchange rate volatility. After controlling for standard macroeconomic factors, we find that the ‘soft power’ variables—such as an index of voice and accountability, life expectancy, educational attainments, fragility of the banking sector, financial openness, and the share of agriculture relative to services—have a statistically significant influence on the level of exchange rate volatility across countries. In other words, countries with greater ‘soft power’ (i.e. better institutional quality) tend to experience a lower degree of exchange rate volatility.
Outcomes of a co‐facilitation skills training programme for mental health service users, family members, and clinicians: the EOLAS project
Authors: Higgins Agnes , Hevey David , Boyd Fiona , Cusack Ned , Downes Carmel , Monahan Mark , McBennett Pádraig , Gibbons Patrick 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHealth policy is increasingly advocating for involvement of service users and family members in service development. In the present study, we evaluated the impact of a 4‐day education programme in co‐facilitation skills on clinician and peer (service users and family members) knowledge, confidence, and subsequent experience as co‐facilitators. The programme was designed to train peers and clinicians as co‐facilitators on a clinician and peer‐led information programme for people experiencing mental health problems. The study employed a mixed‐methods design involving a pre–post survey with 128 participants, and follow‐up qualitative interviews with a sample of 17 participants. To examine changes in levels of knowledge and confidence in facilitating from time 1 (T1) to time 2 (T2), paired sample t‐tests were conducted, and thematic analysis was conducted on the interviews. The programme had a statistically‐significant positive impact on participants’ knowledge, confidence, and skills, with no significant difference between the facilitator groups (i.e. service user, family member, and clinician) in terms of their improvement at the end of the training, indicating that all groups benefited equally from the training. A majority of participants reported a high level of preparedness as co‐facilitators and an open and respectful approach towards each other's expertise, and many continued to gain skills and develop their confidence as they co‐facilitated the 8‐week EOLAS programme (‘eolas’ is the Irish word for knowledge). The findings also provide evidence of the acceptability and feasibility of the programme, and appears to be the first detailed study reported on a programme of this nature.
An exploratory, prospective, open‐label trial of ingenol mebutate gel 0.05% for the treatment of external anogenital warts
Authors: Larsen H.K. , Banzhaf C.A. , Thomsen S.F. , Gormsen M. , Schopf R.E. , Haedersdal M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundAnogenital warts (AGW) can cause physical discomfort and decreased quality of life. Recent case reports suggest that ingenol mebutate gel might be an effective treatment of AGW.ObjectiveTo explore primarily the safety, and secondarily the efficacy of ingenol mebutate gel 0.05% in patients with AGW.MethodsThis was an exploratory, open‐label, 1‐arm trial of ingenol mebutate gel 0.05% administered up to three times to patients with AGW. Safety was assessed by occurrence and severity of local skin reactions (LSRs) and treatment‐related adverse events (AEs). Efficacy was assessed by complete clearance and reduction in AGW count 14 days after last treatment, and recurrence 12 weeks after clearance.ResultsOf 41 patients enrolled, 40 received treatment and 26 completed the trial. Patients had a median AGW count of 11.0 and AGW duration of 3.0 years at baseline. All patients experienced transient LSRs following treatment with a maximum composite LSR score of 7.5 (on a scale from 0 to 18). A total of 93% of patients reported treatment‐related AEs, most frequently pain (85%) and procedural complications (35%) due to smearing of the gel. 78% of patients took mild analgesics for the pain, typically for 1–2 days following treatment. The majority of AEs were of moderate‐to‐severe intensity.Seventeen of 39 patients (43.6%) had complete clearance 14 days after last treatment, and AGW count was reduced by 90.9%. There was a tendency towards lower clearance rate in patients with longer duration of AGW. Eight of 14 patients (57.1%) had AGW recurrence 12 weeks after clearance.ConclusionIngenol mebutate gel was associated with a high number of AEs and withdrawals due to painful local and adjacent skin reactions. Furthermore, it showed promising efficacy in reducing AGW despite a difficult‐to‐treat population. Optimization of the formulation is warranted to improve the safety profile of the treatment.
Adherence to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer guidelines in field practice: Results of Progetto Epatocarcinoma Campania
Authors: Guarino Maria , Tortora Raffaella , de Stefano Giorgio , Coppola Carmine , Morisco Filomena , Salomone Megna Angelo , Izzo Francesco , Nardone Gerardo , Piai Guido , Adinolfi Luigi Elio , D'Adamo Giuseppe , Gaeta Giovanni Battista , Messina Vincenzo , Francica Giampiero , De Girolamo Vincenzo , Coppola Nicola , Persico Marcello , Di Costanzo Giovan Giuseppe ,   for the Progetto Epatocarcinoma Campania Group
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackground and AimThe Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) algorithm is the standard system for clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Data on adherence to this therapeutic paradigm are scarce. This field practice study aimed to provide a description of HCC cirrhotic patients in Southern Italy, to evaluate the adherence to BCLC guidelines and its impact on patients' survival.MethodsWe analyzed the region‐wide Italian database of Progetto Epatocarcinoma Campania, which includes data of HCC cirrhotic patients, prospectively collected from January 2013 to December 2015 in 16 regional centers.ResultsOverall, 1008 HCC patients were enrolled: 70.6% patients received therapies recommended by BCLC algorithm, while 29.4% underwent different treatments. Among patients who were treated in adherence to guidelines, a higher rate of diagnosis on surveillance programs, better liver function, lower rate of alpha‐fetoprotein > 200 ng/mL, more early‐stage and monofocal HCC, lower frequency of nodules > 5 cm, portal vein thrombosis and metastases were observed. The overall survival was evaluated according to HCC stage and no differences between groups and patients managed differently were found. The multivariate analysis showed that non‐adherence to treatment guidelines was independently associated to the BCLC stage B, Child–Pugh classes B and C, and the presence of neoplastic thrombosis and metastases.ConclusionAdherence to BCLC algorithm in field practice was high in early and end‐stage HCC patients, but it was poor in intermediate and advanced patients.
Negative modulation of the GABAAρ1 receptor function by l‐cysteine
Authors: Beltrán González Andrea N. , Vicentini Florencia , Calvo Daniel J. 
Published: October 2017

Abstractl‐Cysteine is an endogenous sulfur‐containing amino acid with multiple and varied roles in the central nervous system, including neuroprotection and the maintenance of the redox balance. However, it was also suggested as an excitotoxic agent implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders such as Parkinson′s and Alzheimer′s disease. l‐Cysteine can modulate the activity of ionic channels, including voltage‐gated calcium channels and glutamatergic NMDA receptors, whereas its effects on GABAergic neurotransmission had not been studied before. In the present work, we analyzed the effects of l‐cysteine on responses mediated by homomeric GABAAρ1 receptors, which are known for mediating tonic γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) responses in retinal neurons. GABAAρ1 receptors were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes and GABA‐evoked chloride currents recorded by two‐electrode voltage‐clamp in the presence or absence of l‐cysteine. l‐Cysteine antagonized GABAAρ1 receptor‐mediated responses; inhibition was dose‐dependent, reversible, voltage independent, and susceptible to GABA concentration. Concentration‐response curves for GABA were shifted to the right in the presence of l‐cysteine without a substantial change in the maximal response. l‐Cysteine inhibition was insensitive to chemical protection of the sulfhydryl groups of the ρ1 subunits by the irreversible alkylating agent N‐ethyl maleimide. Our results suggest that redox modulation is not involved during l‐cysteine actions and that l‐cysteine might be acting as a competitive antagonist of the GABAAρ1 receptors.
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Measuring Liquidity Mismatch in the Banking Sector
Authors: BAI JENNIE , KRISHNAMURTHY ARVIND , WEYMULLER CHARLES‐HENRI 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThis paper constructs a liquidity mismatch index (LMI) to gauge the mismatch between the market liquidity of assets and the funding liquidity of liabilities, for 2,882 bank holding companies over 2002 to 2014. The aggregate LMI decreases from +$4 trillion precrisis to −$6 trillion in 2008. We conduct an LMI stress test revealing the fragility of the banking system in early 2007. Moreover, LMI predicts a bank's stock market crash probability and borrowing decisions from the government during the financial crisis. The LMI is therefore informative about both individual bank liquidity and the liquidity risk of the entire banking system.