bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transition‐Metal‐Free Cleavage of CO
Authors: Devillard Marc , de Bruin Bas , Siegler Maxime A. , van der Vlugt J. I. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTertiary silane 1H, 2‐[(diphenylsilyl)methyl]‐6‐methylpyridine, reacts with tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (BCF) to form the intramolecular pyridine‐stabilized silylium 1+‐HBCF. The corresponding 2‐[(diphenylsilyl)methyl]pyridine, lacking the methyl‐group on the pyridine ring, forms classic N(py)→B adduct 2H‐BCF featuring an intact silane Si−H fragment. Complex 1+‐HBCF promotes cleavage of the C≡O triple bond in carbon monoxide with double C−Csp2 bond formation, leading to complex 3 featuring a B‐(diarylmethyl)‐B‐aryl‐boryloxysilane fragment. Reaction with pinacol generates bis(pentafluorophenyl)methane 4 as isolable product, proving the transition‐metal‐free deoxygenation of carbon monoxide by this main‐group system. Experimental data and DFT calculations support the existence of an equilibrium between the silylium–hydroborate ion pair and the silane–borane mixture that is responsible for the observed reactivity.
Controlled Growth of Metal‐Organic Frameworks on Polymer Brushes
Authors: Hou Liman , Zhou Mingdong , Dong Xiaozhe , Wang Lei , Xie Zhigang , Dong Dewen , Zhang Ning 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPolymer brushes are for the first time used to induce the synthesis of metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs). The semi‐fixed polymer chains provide a confined environment, which allows a mild growth of MOFs in between polymer chains to give surface‐attached spherical MOF nanoparticles, in contrast to the larger MOF cubes/plates formed simultaneously in solution. Polymer brushes bearing carboxylate acid functionalities are indispensable for the formation of surface bound MOFs, while no MOF nanoparticles are observed on neutral polymer brushes. Characterization of the resultant MOF/polymer brushes hybrid film indicates the formation of crystalline MOF structure. The dimension of surface‐attached MOFs can be fine‐tuned from 20 nm to 1.4 μm simply by varying the structural parameter of polymer brushes and the nucleation duration. The method is not only applicable to the synthesis of MOF‐5 and MIL‐125, but shows great potential for the preparation of other surface‐attached MOFs.
Perowskit‐Solarzellen
Authors: Fleisch Manuel , Bahnemann Detlef 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungNur selten lösen technologische Entwicklungen innerhalb der wissenschaftlichen Gemeinschaft so einen Hype aus, wie es bei der Perowskit‐Solarzelle der Fall ist. Innerhalb von nur 10 Jahren ist es Forschern gelungen, den Wirkungsgrad dieser Zellen von zunächst lediglich 2 % auf über 20 % zu steigern, eine beachtliche Leistung im Bereich der Photovoltaik. Das Besondere an der Perowskit‐Solarzelle ist dabei der Photoabsorber, der nicht nur kostengünstig herstellbar ist, sondern gleichzeitig hervorragend Sonnenlicht absorbiert. Der Industriereife dieser Technologie steht derzeit allerdings noch eine vergleichsweise kurze Zelllebensdauer im Weg. Dennoch haben die Perowskit‐Solarzellen vor allem in Kombination mit konventionellen Silizium‐Solarzellen zu Tandem‐Solarzellen das Potential, photovoltaisch erzeugten Strom in Zukunft zu deutlich günstigeren Preisen anzubieten.
Combined high‐intensity local treatment and systemic therapy in metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: An analysis of the National Cancer Data Base
Authors: Zumsteg Zachary S. , Luu Michael , Yoshida Emi J. , Kim Sungjin , Tighiouart Mourad , David John M. , Shiao Stephen L. , Mita Alain C. , Scher Kevin S. , Sherman Eric J. , Lee Nancy Y. , Ho Allen S. 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUNDThere is increasing evidence that primary tumor ablation can improve survival for some cancer patients with distant metastases. This may be particularly applicable to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) because of its tropism for locoregional progression.METHODSThis study included patients with metastatic HNSCC undergoing systemic therapy identified in the National Cancer Data Base. High‐intensity local treatment was defined as radiation doses ≥ 60 Gy or oncologic resection of the primary tumor. Multivariate Cox regression, propensity score matching, landmark analysis, and subgroup analysis were performed to account for imbalances in covariates, including adjustments for the number and location of metastatic sites in the subset of patients with this information available.RESULTSIn all, 3269 patients were included (median follow‐up, 51.5 months). Patients undergoing systemic therapy with local treatment had improved survival in comparison with patients receiving systemic therapy alone in propensity score–matched cohorts (2‐year overall survival, 34.2% vs 20.6%; P < .001). Improved survival was associated only with patients receiving high‐intensity local treatment, whereas those receiving lower‐intensity local treatment had survival similar to that of patients receiving systemic therapy without local treatment. The impact of high‐intensity local therapy was time‐dependent, with a stronger impact within the first 6 months after the diagnosis (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 0.255; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.210‐0.309; P < .001) in comparison with more than 6 months after the diagnosis (AHR, 0.622; 95% CI, 0.561‐0.689; P < .001) in the multivariate analysis. A benefit was seen in all subgroups, in landmark analyses of 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐year survivors, and when adjusting for the number and location of metastatic sites.CONCLUSIONSAggressive local treatment warrants prospective evaluation for select patients with metastatic HNSCC. Cancer 2017;123:4583‐4593. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Centralized patient‐reported outcome data collection in transplantation is feasible and clinically meaningful
Authors: Shaw Bronwen E. , Brazauskas Ruta , Millard Heather R. , Fonstad Rachel , Flynn Kathryn E. , Abernethy Amy , Vogel Jenny , Petroske Charney , Mattila Deborah , Drexler Rebecca , Lee Stephanie J. , Horowitz Mary M. , Rizzo J. Douglas 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUNDAllogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) cures many patients, but often with the risk of late effects and impaired quality of life. The value of quantifying patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) is increasingly being recognized, but the routine collection of PROs is uncommon. This study evaluated the feasibility of prospective PRO collection by an outcome registry at multiple time points from unselected HCT patients undergoing transplantation at centers contributing clinical data to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR), and then it correlated the PRO data with clinical and demographic data.METHODSThe Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Bone Marrow Transplant (FACT‐BMT), 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36), and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory measures were administered before HCT, on day 100, and at 6 and 12 months. Patients were recruited by the transplant center, but posttransplant PRO collection was managed centrally by the CIBMTR.RESULTSThere were 580 eligible patients, and 390 (67%) enrolled. Feasibility was shown by high time‐specific retention rates (176 of 238 at 1 year or 74%) and participant satisfaction. Factors associated with higher response rates were an age > 50 years (odds ratio [OR], 1.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03‐2.41; P = .0355), white race (OR, 4.61; 95% CI, 2.66‐7.99; P < .0001), and being married (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.42‐3.65; P = .0006) for adults and a higher family income for children (OR, 4.99; 95% CI, 2.12‐11.75; P = .0002). Importantly, pre‐HCT PRO scores independently predicted survival after adjustments for patient‐, disease‐, and transplant‐related factors. The adjusted probabilities of 1‐year survival were 56%, 67%, 75%, and 76% by increasing quartiles of the pre‐HCT FACT‐BMT score and 58%, 72%, 62%, and 82% by increasing quartiles of the pre‐HCT SF‐36 physical component score.CONCLUSIONSA hybrid model of local consent for centralized PRO collection is feasible, and pretransplant PROs provide critical prognostic information for HCT outcomes. Cancer 2017;123:4687‐4700. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Phenotyping of nNOS neurons in the postnatal and adult female mouse hypothalamus
Authors: Chachlaki Konstantina , Malone Samuel A. , Qualls‐Creekmore Emily , Hrabovszky Erik , Münzberg Heike , Giacobini Paolo , Ango Fabrice , Prevot Vincent 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNeurons expressing nitric oxide (NO) synthase (nNOS) and thus capable of synthesizing NO play major roles in many aspects of brain function. While the heterogeneity of nNOS‐expressing neurons has been studied in various brain regions, their phenotype in the hypothalamus remains largely unknown. Here we examined the distribution of cells expressing nNOS in the postnatal and adult female mouse hypothalamus using immunohistochemistry. In both adults and neonates, nNOS was largely restricted to regions of the hypothalamus involved in the control of bodily functions, such as energy balance and reproduction. Labeled cells were found in the paraventricular, ventromedial, and dorsomedial nuclei as well as in the lateral area of the hypothalamus. Intriguingly, nNOS was seen only after the second week of life in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH). The most dense and heavily labeled population of cells was found in the organum vasculosum laminae terminalis (OV) and the median preoptic nucleus (MEPO), where most of the somata of the neuroendocrine neurons releasing GnRH and controlling reproduction are located. A great proportion of nNOS‐immunoreactive neurons in the OV/MEPO and ARH were seen to express estrogen receptor (ER) α. Notably, almost all ERα‐immunoreactive cells of the OV/MEPO also expressed nNOS. Moreover, the use of EYFPVglut2, EYFPVgat, and GFPGad67 transgenic mouse lines revealed that, like GnRH neurons, most hypothalamic nNOS neurons have a glutamatergic phenotype, except for nNOS neurons of the ARH, which are GABAergic. Altogether, these observations are consistent with the proposed role of nNOS neurons in physiological processes.
Juxtanodin in retinal pigment epithelial cells: Expression and biological activities in regulating cell morphology and actin cytoskeleton organization
Authors: Liang Fengyi , Hwang Ji Hyun , Tang Nicholas Weiwei , Hunziker Walter 
Published: August 2017

AbstractJuxtanodin (JN, also known as ermin) was initially identified as an actin cytoskeleton‐related oligodendroglial protein in the rat central nervous system. It was subsequently also found in the rat olfactory neuroepithelium, especially at the apical junctional belt of the sustentacular cells. We further examined JN expression and functional roles in the retina using fluorescence histochemistry, confocal microscopy, immuno‐electron microscopy, molecular biology, and cell culture. Prominent JN expression was found in the photoreceptor‐supporting retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), especially in a zone corresponding to the apices of RPE cells, at the roots of the RPE microvilli, and at the base of RPE cells next to the Bruch's membrane. Partial co‐localization of JN immunoreactivity with F‐actin (labeled with phalloidin) was observed at the apices and bases of RPE cells. No JN was detected in other cell types of the retina. In cultured human RPE cell line ARPE‐19, expression of extrinsic JN up‐regulated formation of actin cytoskeleton stress fibers, caused redistribution of more F‐actin fibers to the cell periphery, and promoted spreading/enlargement of transfected cells. These findings suggest possible roles of JN in RPE molecular transport, phagocytosis and formation of outer blood‐retinal barrier, or possible involvement of JN expression perturbations in pathogenesis of such retinal disorders as proliferative vitreoretinopathy and age‐related macular degeneration.
The reduction of intraepidermal P2X3 nerve fiber density correlates with behavioral hyperalgesia in a rat model of nerve injury‐induced pain
Authors: Bechakra Malik , Schüttenhelm Barthold N. , Pederzani Tiziana , van Doorn Pieter A. , de Zeeuw Chris I. , Jongen Joost L.M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSkin biopsies from patients with neuropathic pain often show changes in epidermal innervation, although it remains to be elucidated to what extent such changes can be linked to a particular subgroup of nerve fibers and how these changes are correlated with pain intensity. Here, we investigated to what extent behavioral signs of hyperalgesia are correlated with immunohistochemical changes of peptidergic and non‐peptidergic epidermal nerve fibers in a rat model of nerve injury‐induced pain. Rats subjected to unilateral partial ligation of the sciatic nerve developed significant mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia as tested by the withdrawal responses of the ipsilateral footpad to von Frey hairs and hotplate stimulation. At day 14, epidermal nerve fiber density and total epidermal nerve fiber length/mm2 were significantly and consistently reduced compared to the contralateral side, following testing and re‐testing by two blinded observers. The expression of calcitonin gene‐related peptide, a marker for peptidergic nerve fibers, was not significantly changed on the ipsilateral side. In contrast, the expression of the P2X3 receptor, a marker for non‐peptidergic nerve fibers, was not only significantly reduced but could also be correlated with behavioral hyperalgesia. When labeling both peptidergic and non‐peptidergic nerve fibers with the pan‐neuronal marker PGP9.5, the expression was significantly reduced, albeit without a significant correlation with behavioral hyperalgesia. In conjunction, our data suggest that the pathology of the P2X3 epidermal nerve fibers can be selectively linked to neuropathy, highlighting the possibility that it is the degeneration of these fibers that drives hyperalgesia.
Evaluation of a 12‐Hour Sustained‐Release Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) Formulation: A Randomized, 3‐Way Crossover Pharmacokinetic and Safety Study in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Yue Yong , Collaku Agron , Liu Dongzhou J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAcetaminophen (paracetamol) is a first‐line treatment for mild and moderate pain. A twice‐daily sustained‐release (SR) formulation may be more convenient for chronic users than standard immediate‐release (IR) acetaminophen. This randomized, 3‐way crossover study evaluated pharmacokinetics and safety of single‐dose 1500‐ and 2000‐mg SR acetaminophen formulations and 2 doses of IR acetaminophen 1000 mg given 6 hours apart in healthy adults (n = 14). Primary outcome was time that plasma acetaminophen concentration was ≥4 μg/mL (TC≥4μg/mL). Key secondary outcomes were area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) from time 0 to time t, when plasma acetaminophen was detectable (AUC0–t), AUC from 0 to infinity (AUC0–inf), and maximum plasma acetaminophen concentration (Cmax). TC≥4μg/mL from 2000‐mg SR acetaminophen was similar to that from 2 doses of IR acetaminophen, whereas TC≥4μg/mL for 1500‐mg SR acetaminophen was significantly shorter than that for IR acetaminophen (P = .004). The extent of acetaminophen absorption from 2000‐mg SR and 2 doses of the IR formulation was similar and within bioequivalence limits with regard to AUC0–12, AUC0–t, and AUC0–inf. The extent of acetaminophen absorption from 1500‐mg SR was significantly lower than that from IR acetaminophen. The 2000‐mg SR represents a potential candidate formulation for 12‐hour dosing with acetaminophen.
Adaptive loss‐less data compression method optimized for GPU decompression
Authors: Funasaka Shunji , Nakano Koji , Ito Yasuaki 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThere is no doubt that data compression is very important in computer engineering. However, most lossless data compression and decompression algorithms are very hard to parallelize, because they use dictionaries updated sequentially. The main contribution of this paper is to present a new lossless data compression method that we call adaptive loss‐less (ALL) data compression. It is designed so that the data compression ratio is moderate, but decompression can be performed very efficiently on the graphics processing unit (GPU). This makes sense for applications such as training of deep learning, in which compressed archived data are decompressed many times. To show the potentiality of ALL data compression method, we have evaluated the running time using five images and five text data and compared ALL with previously published lossless data compression methods implemented in the GPU, Gompresso, CULZSS, and LZW. The data compression ratio of ALL data compression is better than the others for eight data out of these 10 data. Also, our GPU implementation on GeForce GTX 1080 GPU for ALL decompression runs 84.0 to 231 times faster than the CPU implementation on Core i7‐4790 CPU. Further, it runs 1.22 to 23.5 times faster than Gompresso, CULZSS, and LZW running on the same GPU.
Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica Films with a Tunable Steady‐State Mesophase
Authors: Redzheb Murad A. , Bernstorff Sigrid , Sartori Barbara , Van Der Voort Pascal , Armini Silvia 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe mesophase formation in spin‐coated periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) films aged at a controlled ambient humidity is investigated by time‐resolved grazing‐incidence small‐angle X‐ray scattering (GISAXS). The investigation demonstrates the existence of a tunable steady state in PMO spin‐coated films. Thus, a film deposited at a relative humidity of 20 % has a lamellar mesophase, whereas a subsequent increase to 70 % leads to a phase transformation resulting in a P63/mmc space group. On the other hand, an increase of the surfactant to organosilica molar ratio of between 0.26 and 0.31 results in films which at 70 % humidity form a mix of 2D and 3D hexagonal phases. A further increase of the surfactant amount leads to films with a 2D hexagonal phase. Finally, the different mesophases observed as a function of the solution aging emphasize the importance of the degree of polycondensation of the organosilica oligomers.
Exploring Electrical Currents through Nanographenes: Visualization and Tuning of the through‐Bond Transmission Paths
Authors: Stuyver Thijs , Blotwijk Nathalie , Fias Stijn , Geerlings Paul , De Proft Frank 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this work, electrical currents through nanographenes, a class of alternant hydrocarbons also known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, in molecular junctions under small bias are explored. We illustrate that when the π‐current dominates, that is, when no quantum interference takes place, the current prefers the direction of the shortest bond (the bond with the highest double bond character) upon entering the molecule from the contacts. As such, the idea of electrons propagating through double bonds from contact to contact, originating from the curly arrow drawings used in a previously established selection rule for transmission, seems to be more deeply rooted in the actual physical process of electron transport than previously anticipated. Furthermore, this work confirms that the σ‐current behaves completely differently than the π‐current. When this type of current becomes important, that is, when quantum interference takes place, the current generally prefers the shortest path from contact to contact, irrespective of the length of the bonds constituting this path, in accordance with the strong distance dependency of the σ‐current. Finally, it is demonstrated that keto groups (and cross‐conjugating groups in general) can be used to seal off parts of the molecule for the current. No current flows through the sealed off part of the molecule under small bias and it does not influence the transmission spectrum of the considered system.
Green Innovation Strategy and Green Innovation: The Roles of Green Creativity and Green Organizational Identity
Authors: Song Wenhao , Yu Hongyan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractModern corporations are faced with many environmental challenges and pressures. Managers of firms have realized that green innovation is an important factor in sustainable development and that it can offer a competitive advantage. This study uses organizational identity and organizational creativity theory to create a theoretical framework for understanding green innovation strategy. The results indicated that green innovation strategy positively influences both green organizational identity and green creativity. Positive relationships are found between green organizational identity and green creativity, and green creativity positively affects green innovation. In addition, we find that green organizational identity partially mediates the relationship between green innovation strategy and green creativity. We also find that green organizational identity fully mediates the relationship between green innovation strategy and green innovation, which means that green innovation strategy does not directly influence green innovation but indirectly stimulates such innovation via green organizational identity. These results suggest that managers should seek to enhance their organizations' sense of green identity and to encourage green creativity, as this will enhance their firm's capability of sustainable development. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are also discussed. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Nanoparticles Embedded in Amphiphilic Membranes for Carbon Dioxide Separation and Dehumidification
Authors: Yong Wai Fen , Ho Yan Xun , Chung Tai‐Shung 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPolymers containing ethylene oxide (EO) groups have gained significant interest as the EO groups have favorable interactions with polar molecules such as H2O, quadrupolar molecules such as CO2, and metal ions. However, the main challenges of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) membranes are their weak mechanical properties and high crystallinity nature. The amphiphilic copolymer made from PEO terephthalate and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEOT/PBT) comprises both hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments. The hydrophilic PEOT segment is thermosensitive, which facilities gas transports whereas the hydrophobic PBT segment is rigid, which provides mechanical robustness. This work demonstrates a new strategy to design amphiphilic mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) by incorporating zeolitic imidazolate framework, ZIF‐71, into the PEOT/PBT copolymer. The resultant membrane shows an enhanced CO2permeability with an ideal CO2/N2selectivity surpassing the original PEOT/PBT and Robeson's Upper bound line. The nanoparticles‐embedded amphiphilic membranes exhibit characteristics of high transparency and mechanical robustness. Mechanically strong composite hollow fiber membranes consisting of PEOT/PBT/ZIF‐71 as the selective layer were also prepared. The resultant hollow fibers possess an excellent CO2permeance of 131 GPU (gas permeation units), CO2/N2selectivity of 52.6, H2O permeance of 9300 GPU and H2O/N2selectivity of 3700, showing great potential for industrial CO2capture and dehumidification.