bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suicidal thoughts and acts in Irish adolescents
Authors: Rowley Jo , Ganter Kathleen , Fitzpatrick Carol 
Published: March 2016

AbstractObjectives: To determine the frequency of reported suicidal thoughts and acts in (a) a school-based sample of Irish adolescents, (b) adolescents attending a community child and family mental health service.Method: The study population consisted of: (a) 195 adolescents aged 13-15 years attending ten secondary schools throughout Ireland. The schools were selected to represent a wide social and cultural spread: and (b) 66 adolescents aged 13-15 years attending a community child mental health service. The measures used were the Child Behaviour Checklist completed by the parents of the adolescents and the Youth Self Report completed by the adolescents.Results: Within the school sample, the parents of 3% of adolescents reported that their child had talked of harming him/herself, but none reported acts of self-harm. Fifteen percent of the adolescents themselves reported that they had thoughts of harming or killing themselves, and 8% reported that they had tried to harm or kill themselves.Within the mental health clinic attenders sample, the parents of 33% of the adolescents reported that their child had talked of harming him/herself, and the parents of 27% reported that their child had tried to harm or kill themselves. Twenty-one percent of the adolescents themselves reported that they had thoughts of harming or killing themselves, and 21% percent reported that they had tried to do so. In both groups, adolescents with higher total problem, internalising and externalising scores on the questionnaires, indicating greater disturbance, were more likely to report thoughts and acts of self harm.Conclusions: Thoughts of suicide and acts of self harm are common in Irish adolescents and are not limited to those attending mental health services. Parents are frequently unaware of these thoughts. Further studies involving interviews with adolescents at risk are indicated to determine the significance of these thoughts and how adolescents deal with them.
New unit on old ground or general hospital — where do patients want inpatient treatment?
Authors: Lyons Declan , Sayed Onsi Abd El , Matthew VM 
Published: March 2016

AbstractObjectives: To establish if the relocation of the acute adult psychiatric services of the Dartford area from a district general hospital (DGH) to a new unit in the grounds of Stone House Hospital, the large institution where they were formerly based, increased the stigma of receiving inpatient treatment.Method: A brief survey of service users asked if this move near to, but not within, the old institution potentially increased the stigma of receiving inpatient treatment.Results: Inpatients initially welcomed the move but expressed greater concern about stigma and on balance were substantially less enthused than outpatients about the move to a separate psychiatric hospital.Conclusions: Moving an inpatient unit back to the vicinity of a large institution from a DGH setting is rare, however concerns about consequent stigma, particularly felt by inpatients merits early consideration at planning stages.
Characteristics and treatment of asylum seekers reviewed by psychiatrists in an Irish inner city area
Authors: Kennedy Noel , Jerrard-Dunne Paula , Gill Michael , Webb Marcus 
Published: March 2016

AbstractObjectives: To assess social and educational status, trauma experienced, diagnosis and treatment of asylum seekers, who presented to psychiatrists in St James's hospital Dublin over a two-year period.Method: All files of asylum seekers assessed by psychiatrists in St James's hospital over a two-year period were scrutinised. Using a pro-forma, data was obtained about social and educational status, language skills, trauma suffered, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Demographic data was obtained from the Department of Justice, the Irish refugee centre and various social welfare offices.Results: Over a two-year period 31 asylum seekers were in contact with this service. Most originated from Africa. Overall subjects were well educated but socially isolated with poor language skills. Many had been imprisoned or tortured, or had relatives or friends tortured or killed prior to migration. Almost one third met criteria for PTSD and greater than a third met criteria for major depression. The majority of subjects received pharmacological treatment, but few were offered psychological treatments. Most had no prior psychiatric diagnosis and dropped out of treatment at an early stage.Conclusions: Large numbers of asylum seekers are currently residing in Dublin and may need specialised psychological support and treatment. They have been exposed to significant levels of pre-migratory trauma, often have poor language skills and drop out of treatment quickly which may indicate dissatisfaction with existing treatment approaches. There is an urgent need for increased funding for the psychological needs of this vulnerable group, for the provision of trained interpreters, specialised psychotherapy and assessment of their needs.
Psychiatric services in Ireland: North and South
Authors: Webb Marcus , McClelland Roy , Mock Glenda 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis overview of mental illness services in Ireland, North and South, over recent decades, is a descriptive account. It refers to policies, development and operation of the services, with certain figures relating to hospital admissions, human resources and costs in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. The paper points to the need for more detailed comparisons, which would require more rigorous, systematic health services research.
Mental illness in migrants: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges
Authors: Feeney Larkin , Kelly Brendan D , Whitty Peter , O'Callaghan Eadbhard 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe describe the case of a 30 year old Chinese woman who presented to an Irish psychiatric service with a five-month history of somatic delusions, auditory hallucinations and denial of lineage. We utilise this case to illustrate the significant cultural influences on psychopathology. We discuss the increasingly frequent diagnostic and therapeutic challenges presented by migrants with mental illness.
Cognitive psychotherapy: what happens when the therapeutic relationship breaks down?
Authors: Bannan Noreen , Malone Kevin M 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBehavioural and interpersonal difficulties arising during the course of cognitive psychotherapy are common and they provide unique opportunities to assess and modify patients' beliefs and assumptions. A breakdown in the therapeutic relationship may be on a continuum from a simple misunderstanding to a more chronic and complex problem. It may act as a potent vehicle for change in the patient, but may also precipitate change in the therapist who is also part of that relationship which can influence treatment outcome.
What is the profile of post-traumatic reactions within medical literature? A survey of eight journals
Authors: Hull Alastair M , Doherty Patricia M , Bowes Linda J 
Published: March 2016

AbstractObjectives: The importance of traumatic events is recognised by the public but the profile of psychological sequelae such as Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) within psychiatry and medicine is unclear. We aimed to establish the profile of PTSD within high impact medical journals and within psychiatric journals based in America and the United Kingdom, since the initial classification of PTSD in DSM-III in 1980 and, before and after classification of PTSD in ICD-10 in 1992.Method: A survey of all articles on post-traumatic reactions published in eight journals between 1980 and 2000.Results: The proportion of articles on PTSD was less in UK based psychiatric journals than their counterparts based in America. The proportion of articles published after the classification of PTSD in ICD-10 has increased in both psychiatric and medical journals.Conclusions: In UK based journals, there is an under-representation of articles on PTSD compared with disorders of similar prevalence.
Home-based treatment in Monaghan: the first two years
Authors: McCauley MacDara , Rooney Siobhan , Clarke Ciaran , Carey Teresa , Owens John 
Published: March 2016

AbstractObjectives: To describe a home-based treatment (HBT) service. To profile the patient population using HBT. To determine why HBT was used and to record disposal.Method: All patients treated by HBT during the first two years of this new service were identified from the HBT logbook. A checklist recording demographic, diagnostic, presenting complaint data and details of HBT contact was used to analyse the patients' charts. A statistical package JMP was used to analyse the data.Results: Two hundred and six patients (275 episodes) were treated using HBT. These were 101 (49.1 %) males and 105 (50.9%) females. Of these, 89 (43.2%) were single. Forty-eight (19.4%) lived alone and 53 (25.7%) were unemployed. The most common presenting complaint was severe depression (39.3%). A depressive disorder was the most frequent diagnosis (28.7%). Twenty six (13%) episodes of HBT ended in admission. One hundred and eighty five (67.3%) were referred to outpatients and 26 (9.5%) were discharged to the GP.Conclusions: Home-based treatment is feasible for a wide range of patients with an array of presenting complaints. This model of service delivery is viable in a rural setting. Admission will still be required for some patients. Further work is needed to examine its sustainability and its generalisability to other Irish settings.
Complex partial seizures presenting as frontotemporal dementia: a case report
Authors: Goggins Ray 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBoth epilepsy and dementia are common after the age of 65. Epilepsy, originating in the temporal lobes, can present clinically in a variety of ways and can be difficult to diagnose. Loss of consciousness may not be evident. Reported here is a unique case of a 65 year old man who presented with clinical features of frontotemporal dementia but was subsequently diagnosed as suffering from complex partial seizures. He made a full recovery with antiepileptic treatment.
Meeting the needs of people with schizophrenia living in the community: a report from a European collaboration
Authors: Keogh Fiona , Finnerty Aine , Walshe Anne O'Grady , Daly Ian , Murphy Denis , Lane Abbie , Walsh Dermot 
Published: March 2016

AbstractObjectives: This study was carried out as part of a collaborative European study, with the aim of assessing needs in a population with chronic schizophrenia in the context of a community service, and also to measure service use in this population.Method: This is the first part of a 12 month follow-up study of a sample of persons with schizophrenia who were in contact with the psychiatric services. Seventy eight patients who matched the inclusion criteria were randomly selected and 64 (82%) were interviewed using the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuro-Psychiatry (SCAN) and the Needs for Care Assessment Schedule (NCAS). Service use data for a 12 month period were collected prospectively using the Mannheim Service Recording Sheet (MSRS).Results: The levels of clinical and social need were quite low at 2.1 and 2.6 respectively. Most needs were met; unmet need was 0.11 for clinical problems and 0.4 for social. Service use was high, with a total of 6,969 contacts with community services, a mean of 109 per patient per year. Total service use (including inpatient and hostel) was partly predictive of met need (R2 23.6). The levels of met and unmet need in Dublin compare favourably with that reported in Mannheim and Granada. Service use was similar to that in Mannheim, although there was a higher level of service provision in Mannheim.Conclusions: This study has shown that there is a low level of clinical and social need in this sample of patients with schizophrenia living in the community, and a relatively high level of service use. There is good evidence that services are meeting the needs of this sample of patients.
Pseudophaeochromocytoma associated with clozapine treatment
Authors: Prasad Sarah E , Kennedy Harry G 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe describe a 44 year old man with treatment resistant schizophrenia who developed pseudophaeochromocytoma on clozapine with high blood pressure, tachycardia and elevated 24 hour urinary catecholamines. All resolved on discontinuing clozapine. We reviewed the literature and found five other cases. We suggest that this is a common side effect, transient in some patients. Elevated plasma noradrenaline does not appear to be relevant to the unique benefits of clozapine.
Risk factors for violence: an audit on the effect of a tutorial on risk assessment
Authors: Sundrum Frederick , Browne Stephen 
Published: March 2016

AbstractObjectives: To evaluate the effect of a risk assessment tutorial on the adequacy of case note documentation in a general adult psychiatry setting.Methods: A comparison of case note documentation of risk factors for violence prior to and subsequent to a risk assessment tutorial.Results: Prior to the tutorial there were very low rates of documentation of risk of violence. Subsequent to the tutorial, statistically significant improvements in documentation occurred in approximately one third of the items being assessed. Significant improvements occurred in the following; recording a collateral history (from 18%-36%) and previous history of deliberate self harm (from 24%-50%), noting emotions related to violence in the mental state examination (from 2%-24%) and documenting a risk management plan (from 2%-28%). However, levels of documentation remained overall sub-optimal.Conclusions: Some improvement in case note documentation can result from providing tutorials in risk assessment. However, the ideal format for teaching risk assessment needs to ascertained.
Paroxetine induced mania in pre-adolescence
Authors: Sharkey Louise , O'Donovan Ann 
Published: March 2016

AbstractSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitor induced mania has been described in adults, and more recently in adolescents. To the authors' knowledge a case in pre-adolescents has not yet been published in the literature. The authors would like to report two cases of SSRI-induced mania. Both cases were pre-adolescent girls, A and B, who had a DSM-IV diagnosis of panic disorder, and were treated with paroxetine.
Attitudes to visits by children to parents hospitalised with acute psychiatric illness
Authors: O'Shea Rory , Sheerin Declan , Canavan Denise , Russell Vincent 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackground: There is no published research on attitudes of psychiatrists towards children visiting parents who are acutely-unwell and inpatients in psychiatric hospitals. Nor is there information on facilities available for such visits.Objectives: (I) To assess the attitudes of Irish psychiatrists towards children visiting. (II) To determine the availability of child-friendly facilities within admission units.Method: A questionnaire was posted to every consultant psychiatrist accepting acute adult admissions in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.Results: The response rate was 69%. Ninty-seven per cent were in favour of children visiting. Almost half felt that decisions on visits should depend on the particular situation, considering the child, parent, ward, etc. However, only 11% of units had a room/area designated for children visiting. 90% had no facilities they considered child-friendly on their unit. A majority felt that arrangements for children visiting were inadequate.Conclusions: This topic is of interest to psychiatrists, and can be contentious, particularly when considering supervision of, and legal responsibility for, children visiting. Guidance on these issues would aid psychiatrists and hospital management. Poor facilities and infrequent visits may be a factor in the early development of stigma towards mental illness. Further research, improvements in facilities and staff training in liaison with children are needed.
Mental Health Policy in Ireland 1984–2004: theory, overview and future directions
Authors: Kelly Brendan D 
Published: March 2016

Recent years have seen renewed emphasis on the importance of mental health policy as a key component of health and social policy at both national and international levels. In 2001 the European Commission produced a public health framework for mental health in the EU. In the same year, the World Health Organisation devoted its annual health report to mental health and called on countries to formulate, update and implement mental health policies. The EU and WHO initiatives both recognised that the challenges facing mental health policy makers are increasingly transnational in scope, related to issues such as rapid demographic change, increased transnational migration, the protection of human rights and the implementation of a growing number of international laws, directives and protocols in relation to mental health care.Significant progress has been made in the development of Irish mental health services over the past 40 years. Nevertheless, many challenges remain. The aims of this paper are to outline:• Prevailing theoretical perspectives on mental health policy• Mental health policy in Ireland since the last major policy revision in 1984• Relevant economic and demographic changes in Ireland since 1984• Relevant clinical, legislative and policy developments in relation to mental health• Future directions for mental health policy.Electronic literature searches were performed using Psyclit (American Psychological Association, 1887–2003), Medline (United States National Library of Medicine, 1985 – 2003), with broad search terms related to mental health policy. Additional books and papers were identified by tracking back through references and consulting with colleagues. Policy documents and selected literature on Irish psychiatric services were reviewed and related to recent literature on mental health policy.
A psychoanalytic psychotherapist working within psychiatry: covert and overt functions
Authors: Stern Julian 
Published: March 2016

Within psychiatric practice, psychotherapy occupies a unique role. Not only is it a mode of treatment for some patients, it is also an explanatory model; not only is the psychotherapist called upon to fulfil numerous overt functions within the institution, there are also all sorts of other functions which a psychotherapist may be called upon or expected to fulfil, some more welcome and appropriate than others.Within medicine the choice of becoming a psychiatrist is often seen as feminine, unscientific, perhaps unsafe and slightly illicit. The same applies within psychiatry, to the choice of psychotherapy, and the decision to leave behind dopamine and clozapine for immeasurable, bizarre, unconscious objects. This paper will describe some of the overt and covert roles in the life of a consultant psychotherapist within the National Health Service (NHS) and then in more detail elucidate these roles with two examples from clinical practice.
Evidence for use of depot neuroleptic medication
Authors: McCauley MacDara , Connolly Gerard 
Published: March 2016

AbstractObjective:To review the evidence guiding conventional and atypical depot neuroleptic usage.Method:A search of biomedical electronic databases including Medline, Embase, PsychInfo and Cochrane was performed. Hand searching of journals was also carried out.Results:Depot neuroleptics are safe and effective in the maintenance treatment of patients with schizophrenia. There is some evidence to support the use of depot neuroleptics in illnesses other than schizophrenia. The evidence base guiding depot usage is sparse.Conclusions:Although guidelines are emerging there is a pressing need for rigorous well designed trials of depot antipsychotic usage. The advent of atypical depot antipsychotic preparations should stimulate research in this important area of clinical practice.
Interpersonal disturbance in OCD and its place in the professional consultation
Authors: O'Connor John , Fuller Ray , Fell Mary 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPeople with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) typically experience their relationships with others with a high level of trepidation and bring their anxieties into their work with professionals. We have written this paper to describe experiences of working with people with diagnoses of OCD and the impression that we have formed about the kinds of relationship that builds up in the early stages of this work. We believe that it is important to consider the quality of these professional relationships because of their impact on the patient's ability to benefit from whatever intervention we propose. Here, we place particular attention on the roles of magical thinking, disturbed relationships and the fear of rejection. The perspective presented here is designed to complement those of other approaches to OCD – including the neurological, behavioural and cognitive-behavioural. The following themes relating to the social and interpersonal experiences of people with OCD are examined here: (a) their general tentativeness and uncertainty in social interactions, (b) their fear of being damaged by others in social interactions, (c) their magical thinking relating to damaging others.
Self-rated prospective memory and central executive deficits in excessive alcohol users
Authors: Heffernan Thomas , Ling Jonathon , Bartholomew Janice 
Published: March 2016

AbstractObjectives:This study assessed self-reported prospective memory and related central executive processes in a group of excessive alcohol users and non-users. The aim was to assess whether excessive alcohol use is associated with impairments in these two sets of memory processes.Methods:Eighty participants from the North-East of England were tested. Of these, 40 were excessive alcohol users (using above the recommended weekly ‘safe’ dose of alcohol) and 40 were low-dose/non-users. Each participant was assessed using self-reports of prospective memory (PM) – measured using the Prospective Memory Questionnaire (PMQ) and central executive (CE) processes – measured using the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX). Other drug use, age and strategy use were incorporated into the study as controls.Results:After controlling for other drug use, age, and strategy use, excessive alcohol users reported global impairments in everyday prospective memory and in their central executive processes, when compared to a low-dose/no-alcohol control group.Conclusions:These findings suggest that excessive alcohol use has a detrimental impact upon everyday memory – a relatively unexplored area of research. PM and CE deficits should be added to the growing list of neuropsychological sequelae associated with chronic excessive alcohol use.