bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR-181a involves in the hippocampus-dependent memory formation via targeting PRKAA1
Authors: Zhang Sun-fu , Chen Jun-chen , Zhang Jing , Xu Jian-guo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPost-transcriptional gene regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) is involved in memory formation. However, the roles of individual miRNAs in these processes remain largely unknown. In this study, we want to clarify the role of miR-181a in hippocampus-dependent memory formation. A transient increase in miR-181a expression was observed after conditioned fear conditioning (CFC) and object location task (OLT) training. Selective overexpression or inhibition of miR-181a in the dorsal hippocampus (DH) via the injection of a miR-181a agomir or antagomir enhanced or impaired the CFC- and OLT-dependent memory formation, respectively. Using bioinformatics and luciferase assays, we identified PRKAA1 as a potential target gene of miR-181a. After CFC or OLT training, the expression and activity of PRKAA1 decreased as miR-181a expression increased and was effectively blocked by the miR-181a antagomir. Moreover, microinjection of the PRKAA1 agonist AICAR or inhibitor compound C in the DH reversed the roles of the miR-181a agomir or antagomir in CFC- and OLT-dependent memory formation. In conclusion, this work provides novel evidence describing the role and mechanism of miR-181a in hippocampus-dependent memory formation, which sheds light on the potential regulation of cognition and future treatments for cognitive disorders.
Electric-field-induced alignment of electrically neutral disk-like particles: modelling and calculation
Authors: Qin Rongshan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis work reveals a torque from electric field to electrically neutral flakes that are suspended in a higher electrical conductive matrix. The torque tends to rotate the particles toward an orientation with its long axis parallel to the electric current flow. The alignment enables the anisotropic properties of tiny particles to integrate together and generate desirable macroscale anisotropic properties. The torque was obtained from thermodynamic calculation of electric current free energy at various microstructure configurations. It is significant even when the electrical potential gradient becomes as low as 100 v/m. The changes of electrical, electroplastic and thermal properties during particles alignment were discussed.
Application of the Onodera prognostic nutrition index and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in risk evaluation of postoperative complications in Crohn’s disease
Authors: Kang Wei-Ming , Zhu Chang-Zhen , Yang Xiao-Xu , Yu Jian-Chun , Ma Zhi-Qiang , Ye Xin , Li Kang , Liu Dong 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate application of Onodera prognostic nutrition index (OPNI) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in evaluating risk of postoperative complications in Crohn’s disease (CD). Clinical data of 108 postoperative CD patients in 9 years were respectively reviewed. OPNI and NLR were within 1 week preoperatively. Average OPNI was 38.8 ± 8.2 and significantly lower in patients with: CD type B3; lymphopenia; decreased haemoglobin, prealbumin, and albumin; and daily enteral nutrition <500 kcal/d. Average NLR was 5.9 ± 12.1 and significantly higher in patients with: CD type B3, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, decreased prealbumin, and enteral nutrition <500 kcal/d. Youden index was maximal at OPNI 39.8 and NLR 4.1, patients were divided into two groups by OPNI 39.8 and NLR 4.1; Low OPNI (≤39.8) group had significantly greater incidence of type B3, lymphopenia, decreased haemoglobin, prealbumin and albumin, and enteral nutrition <500 kcal/day, more likely to have intra-abdominal bleeding. High NLR group (≥4.1) had significantly greater incidence of type B3, neutrophilia, and lymphopenia, more likely to develop lung infection. OPNI and NLR were significantly negatively correlated. Smoking within 1 year preoperatively, OPNI <39.8, NLR ≥ 4.1 were independent risk factors for postoperative complications in CD.
Analyses in zebrafish embryos reveal that nanotoxicity profiles are dependent on surface-functionalization controlled penetrance of biological membranes
Authors: Paatero Ilkka , Casals Eudald , Niemi Rasmus , Özliseli Ezgi , Rosenholm Jessica M. , Sahlgren Cecilia 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are extensively explored as drug delivery systems, but in depth understanding of design-toxicity relationships is still scarce. We used zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos to study toxicity profiles of differently surface functionalized MSNs. Embryos with the chorion membrane intact, or dechoroniated embryos, were incubated or microinjected with amino (NH2-MSNs), polyethyleneimine (PEI-MSNs), succinic acid (SUCC-MSNs) or polyethyleneglycol (PEG-MSNs) functionalized MSNs. Toxicity was assessed by viability and cardiovascular function. NH2-MSNs, SUCC-MSNs and PEG-MSNs were well tolerated, 50 µg/ml PEI-MSNs induced 100% lethality 48 hours post fertilization (hpf). Dechoroniated embryos were more sensitive and 10 µg/ml PEI-MSNs reduced viability to 5% at 96hpf. Sensitivity to PEG- and SUCC-, but not NH2-MSNs, was also enhanced. Typically cardiovascular toxicity was evident prior to lethality. Confocal microscopy revealed that PEI-MSNs penetrated into the embryos whereas PEG-, NH2- and SUCC-MSNs remained aggregated on the skin surface. Direct exposure of inner organs by microinjecting NH2-MSNs and PEI-MSNs demonstrated that the particles displayed similar toxicity indicating that functionalization affects the toxicity profile by influencing penetrance through biological barriers. The data emphasize the need for careful analyses of toxicity mechanisms in relevant models and constitute an important knowledge step towards the development of safer and sustainable nanotherapies
Movement and Habitat Use of Alligator Gars in the Escambia River, Florida
Authors: Wegener Matthew G. , Harriger Kathryn M. , Knight John R. , Barrett Mark A. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
In Florida, the population status of the Alligator Gar Atractosteus spatula is unknown, and harvest of this species was prohibited in 2006. Although abundance estimates are needed, first information about its habitat use and life history is required. We examined movement, habitat use, and home range of Alligator Gars in the Escambia River, an unregulated coastal river in Florida. Twenty-two fish (TL range = 92–193 cm) were captured by using large-mesh gill nets and were tagged with external transmitters. Detachment of tags resulted in 16 fish being tracked for the study (tag retention time = 2–19 months). Seasonal movements of fish were monitored by active daytime tracking and via fixed-station receivers to determine home and core ranges. Results suggested that Alligator Gar movement was seasonal and related to water temperature. Mean linear home ranges and core ranges were each approximately five times smaller during the cold season (water temperature ≤ 15°C) than during the warm season (&gt;15°C). Diel movement and habitat information was collected (N = 8 Alligator Gars per season) from arrays of fixed-station receivers that recorded data continuously for 24 h during deployment. Individuals moved little and at a lower travel rate during 24-h periods in the cold season, whereas they became highly mobile during the warm season, moving at a higher travel rate. Alligator Gars spent proportionally more time in main-channel habitat (62.5%) during the warm season and in off-channel habitat (84.2%) during the cold season, but no difference in diel use of these habitats was evident between seasons. An understanding of movement patterns and habitat use could lead to increased catch, thereby improving the accuracy of abundance estimates and the reliability of population assessments. Comprehensive knowledge of these behaviors should help to guide conservation and management efforts in regulated and unregulated rivers throughout the Alligator Gar's range.
Received January 24, 2017; accepted June 9, 2017Published online August 10, 2017
Novel squalene-producing thraustochytrids found in mangrove water
Authors: Otagiri Masato , Khalid Ammara , Moriya Shigeharu , Osada Hiroyuki , Takahashi Shunji 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
On extended screening of squalene-producing strains in Okinawa mangrove water, we identified 14 novel squalene-producing thraustochytrids from 172 unialgal clonal isolates. The novel thraustochytrids produced 13.9–7.54 mg squalene/g dry cell weight. Eight isolates were found to belong to potentially novel squalene-producing genera, forming a monophyletic cluster independent from any known thraustochytrids.
Warm Standard Scalar Field Modified Chaplygin Gas Inflation Inspired by Generalized Dissipative Coefficient on the Brane
Authors: Jawad Abdul , Gulshan Faiza , Rani Shamaila 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

We discuss the warm inflation in the presence of standard scalar field model and modified Chaplygin gas in brane-world scenario. We consider weak and strong dissipative regimes with generalized dissipative coefficient. We extract various inflationary parameters. For example, we analyze the behavior of different ratios (ratio of dissipative co-efficient and Hubble parameter Γ/3H, ratio of temperature and Hubble parameter T/H, scalar-to-tensor ratio r) with respect to spectral index ns
for the weak and strong dissipative regimes through parametric plotting. It is found that T/H and Γ/3H satisfied the required conditions in both dissipative regimes. It is also noted that the spectral index (ns
) attain the range

n
s

=

0.96

−
0.10

+
0.10

. It is remarked here that our results are consistence with observational data WMAP7, WMAP9, and recent Planck data.
Mortality and Macrovascular Risk in Elderly With Hypertension and Diabetes: Effect of Intensive Drug Therapy
Authors: Yashkin Arseniy P , Kravchenko Julia , Yashin Anatoliy I , Sloan Frank 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
This study identifies the effect of intensive drug therapy (IDT) in individuals age 65+ with diabetes (type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D)) and hypertension on all-cause death, congestive heart failure (CHF), hospitalization for myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).

METHODS
Individuals from the Medicare 5% dataset with hypertension and T2D undergoing IDT for these conditions were propensity score matched to a nonintensive drug-therapy group. Hazard ratios (HRs) were obtained using the Cox proportional hazard model.

RESULTS
IDT was associated with increased risk of CHF (HR 2.32; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.32–2.38), MI (HR 4.27; 95% CI 4.05–4.52), and stroke or TIA (HR 1.80; 95% CI 1.70–1.89) but decreased risk of death (HR 0.95; 95% CI 0.93–0.97). Risk for CHF (HR 0.73; 95% CI 0.71–0.73), MI (HR 0.64; 95% CI 0.62–0.67), stroke or TIA (HR 0.82; 95% CI 0.78–0.86), and death (HR 0.29; 95% CI 0.28–0.29) was decreased by adherence to diabetes management guidelines.

CONCLUSIONS
Use of IDT in a high-risk population delays death but not severe macrovascular outcomes. Protective effects of IDT in high-risk patients likely outweigh polypharmacy-related health concerns.
MAPseq: highly efficient k-mer search with confidence estimates, for rRNA sequence analysis
Authors: Matias Rodrigues João F , Schmidt Thomas S B , Tackmann Janko , von Mering Christian 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Ribosomal RNA profiling has become crucial to studying microbial communities, but meaningful taxonomic analysis and inter-comparison of such data are still hampered by technical limitations, between-study design variability and inconsistencies between taxonomies used.

Results
Here we present MAPseq, a framework for reference-based rRNA sequence analysis that is up to 30% more accurate (F½ score) and up to one hundred times faster than existing solutions, providing in a single run multiple taxonomy classifications and hierarchical operational taxonomic unit mappings, for rRNA sequences in both amplicon and shotgun sequencing strategies, and for datasets of virtually any size.

Availability and implementation
Source code and binaries are freely available at https://github.com/jfmrod/mapseq

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The Influence of Social Crowding on Brand Attachment
Authors: Huang Xun (Irene) , Huang Zhongqiang (Tak) , Wyer Robert S 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Feeling crowded in a shopping environment can decrease consumers’ evaluations of a product or service and lower customer satisfaction. However, the present research suggests that a crowded environment can sometimes have a positive impact on consumer behavior. Although feeling crowded motivates consumers to avoid interacting with others, it leads them to become more attached to brands as an alternative way of maintaining their basic need for belongingness. The effect does not occur (a) when the crowding environment is composed of familiar people (and, therefore, is not considered aversive); (b) when individuals have an interdependent self-construal (and consequently, high tolerance for crowdedness); (c) when people are accompanied by friends in the crowded environment; (d) when the social function of the brands is made salient; (e) when people have never used the brand before; or (f) when the brand is referred to as a general product rather than a specific brand.
Care of 500–1500 Gram Premature Infants in Hybrid Incubators
Authors: Boyd Holly , Brand M. Colleen , Hagan Joseph 
Published: August 2017

Background:
Although technological advances have improved devices used to maintain the temperatures of 500- to 1500-g infants, managing the thermal environment remains challenging.

Purpose:
To evaluate the effects of 2 methods of thermal support provided by a hybrid incubator during routine care in the first week of life.

Methods:
This descriptive, comparative study evaluates changes in temperature, humidity, heart rate, and oxygen saturation in the incubator versus radiant warmer (canopy) modes of hybrid warmers using data downloaded from the incubator and the monitor. The impact of the Boost Curtain on temperature when opening the portholes during the incubator mode was also examined. Mixed-effects linear models and the log-rank test were used to analyze patient data to determine the effect of thermal support on temperature and humidity changes during care, as well as during the postcare period.

Results:
Entering the incubator through the portholes improved temperature control compared with using the canopy mode. The Boost Curtain resulted in an overall temperature stability and heat gain.

Implications for Practice:
Nurses caring for premature infants in hybrid incubators should minimize incubator openings and utilize portholes rather than the canopy whenever practical. The Boost Curtain should be used when opening the portholes during the incubator mode.

Implications for Research:
Comparing time, accuracy, and tolerance of procedures in the canopy versus incubator modes would improve nurses' ability to determine the best approach for different clinical scenarios.
Discrimination of Voice Pitch and Vocal-Tract Length in Cochlear Implant Users
Authors: Gaudrain Etienne , Başkent Deniz 
Published: August 2017

Objectives:
When listening to two competing speakers, normal-hearing (NH) listeners can take advantage of voice differences between the speakers. Users of cochlear implants (CIs) have difficulty in perceiving speech on speech. Previous literature has indicated sensitivity to voice pitch (related to fundamental frequency, F0) to be poor among implant users, while sensitivity to vocal-tract length (VTL; related to the height of the speaker and formant frequencies), the other principal voice characteristic, has not been directly investigated in CIs. A few recent studies evaluated F0 and VTL perception indirectly, through voice gender categorization, which relies on perception of both voice cues. These studies revealed that, contrary to prior literature, CI users seem to rely exclusively on F0 while not utilizing VTL to perform this task. The objective of the present study was to directly and systematically assess raw sensitivity to F0 and VTL differences in CI users to define the extent of the deficit in voice perception.

Design:
The just-noticeable differences (JNDs) for F0 and VTL were measured in 11 CI listeners using triplets of consonant–vowel syllables in an adaptive three-alternative forced choice method.

Results:
The results showed that while NH listeners had average JNDs of 1.95 and 1.73 semitones (st) for F0 and VTL, respectively, CI listeners showed JNDs of 9.19 and 7.19 st. These JNDs correspond to differences of 70% in F0 and 52% in VTL. For comparison to the natural range of voices in the population, the F0 JND in CIs remains smaller than the typical male–female F0 difference. However, the average VTL JND in CIs is about twice as large as the typical male–female VTL difference.

Conclusions:
These findings, thus, directly confirm that CI listeners do not seem to have sufficient access to VTL cues, likely as a result of limited spectral resolution, and, hence, that CI listeners’ voice perception deficit goes beyond poor perception of F0. These results provide a potential common explanation not only for a number of deficits observed in CI listeners, such as voice identification and gender categorization, but also for competing speech perception.
Mastectomy Flap Thickness and Complications in Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy: Objective Evaluation using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Frey Jordan D. , Salibian Ara A. , Choi Mihye , Karp Nolan S. 
Published: August 2017

Background:
Ischemic complications after nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) have been associated with numerous variables. However, the impact of NSM flap thickness has been incompletely evaluated.

Methods:
NSM flap thickness was determined for all NSMs from 2006 to 2016 with available pre- or postoperative breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRIs). Demographics and outcomes were stratified by those with and without ischemic complications.

Results:
Of 1,037 NSM reconstructions, 420 NSMs had MRI data available, which included 379 preoperative MRIs and 60 postoperative MRIs. Average total preoperative skin/subcutaneous tissue NSM flap thickness was 11.4 mm. Average total postoperative NSM flap thickness was 8.7 mm. NSMs with ischemic complications were found to have significantly thinner overall postoperative NSM flap thickness compared with those without ischemic complications (P = 0.0280). Average overall postoperative NSM flap thickness less than 8.0 mm was found to be an independent predictor of ischemic complications (odds ratio, 6.5263; P = 0.026). In NSMs with both pre- and postoperative MRIs, the overall average postoperative NSM flap thickness was 68.2% of preoperative measurements. Average overall postoperative NSM flap thickness was significantly less than average overall preoperative NSM flap thickness (P < 0.0001). NSMs with ischemic complications were found to have a significantly lower ratio of overall postoperative to preoperative flap thickness (52.0% versus 74.0%; P < 0.0001).

Conclusions:
Ischemic complications after NSM are significantly associated with thinner postoperative NSM flap thickness. Particularly, NSM flap thickness less than 8.0 mm is a positive independent predictor of ischemic complications. The ratio of postoperative to preoperative NSM flap thickness was significantly lower in reconstructions with ischemic complications.
Critical Contact Lens Oxygen Transmissibility and Tear Lens Oxygen Tension to Preclude Corneal Neovascularization
Authors: Yeung Karen K. , Yang Helen J. , Nguyen Andrew L. , Weissman Barry A. 
Published: August 2017

Objective:The purpose of this study is to determine the peripheral oxygen transmissibility (pDk/t) and respective central oxygen transmissibility (cDk/t) in soft contact lenses (SCLs) which might preclude SCL-driven corneal neovascularization (NV) in healthy myopic SCL users.Methods:Twenty subjectively successful SCL-wearing patients who presented with asymptomatic but active peripheral corneal NV (not ghost vessels) were recruited as study patients. Twenty-one patients who did not have NV were similarly recruited as controls. Demographic data were collected. Corneal NV was documented and photographed. Current habitual SCLs were collected and thicknesses measured to allow for the calculation of both pDk/t and cDk/t and estimation of local tear oxygen tensions.Results:No statistical differences between study and control groups in patient age, refraction, or the numbers of years, days per week, or hours per day patients reported SCL wear were identified. Statistically significant differences were found between the two groups for both pDk/t (P=0.006) and cDk/t (P=0.004): mean (±SD) pDk/t was 38.0±23.5 and 19.2±17.7 Fatt units for control and study corneas, respectively. Mean cDk/t were 80.0±54.4 and 36.8±33.1 Fatt units for control and study corneas, respectively. Peripheral tear oxygen tension that “protected” corneas from vascular filling was over 84 mm Hg.Conclusion:Maintaining a pDk/t above 30 to 40 Fatt units with daily wear SCLs should protect most normal corneas from NV as a complication of SCL wear.
Clinical Outcomes in Children With Orbital Cellulitis and Radiographic Globe Tenting
Authors: Lindsay Rebecca A. , Weiss Avery H. , Kelly John P. , Anderson Valerie C. , Lindsay Theodore H. , Cabrera Michelle T. 
Published: August 2017

Purpose:
Axial displacement of the globe with tenting centered on the optic nerve-globe junction is a predictor of visual loss in adults. The purpose of this study was to determine the visual outcomes of children with orbital cellulitis and globe tenting.

Methods:
The records of 46 consecutive children with orbital cellulitis at a single tertiary children’s hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Initial and final visual acuities were available for 34 of 46 patients (74%). Globe tenting was defined by an angle of 130° or less at the optic nerve-globe junction as derived from sagittal CT or MRI. Visual acuities of 4 children with globe tenting (mean age, 10.3 ± 3.3 years) were compared with those of 30 children without globe tenting (mean age, 10.8 ± 3.5 years). Final logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution visual acuities were analyzed.

Results:
The mean posterior globe angle was 124.5° ± 8.0° in patients with globe tenting, compared with 145.6° ± 7.4° in the affected eye of the patients without globe tenting (p = 0.002). Final visual acuity was logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution = 0 following treatment in patients with globe tenting and logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution = 0.02 in patients without tenting (p = 0.70).

Discussion:
We propose that the increased elastic compliance of the optic nerve sheath and sclera in children may contribute to better visual outcomes.

Conclusions:
Pediatric orbital cellulitis with globe tenting may not lead to devastating vision loss as previously seen in adults.