bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of muscle volume and muscle function decline in patients undergoing surgical resection for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hiraoka Atsushi , Otsuka Yasuhiro , Kawasaki Hideki , Izumoto Hirofumi , Ueki Hidetaro , Kitahata Shogo , Aibiki Toshihiko , Okudaira Tomonari , Yamago Hiroka , Miyamoto Yuji , Iwasaki Ryuichiro , Tomida Hideomi , Mori Kenichiro , Miyata Hideki , Tsubouchi Eiji , Kishida Masato , Hirooka Masashi , Abe Masanori , Matsuura Bunzo , Ninomiya Tomoyuki , Mori Izumi , Hiasa Yoichi , Michitaka Kojiro 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackground and AimThis study investigated the prognostic impact of muscle volume loss (MVL) and muscle function decline in patients undergoing resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsThis study enrolled 171 naïve HCC patients treated with resection from 2007 to 2015, after excluding those lacking spirometry or computed tomography findings, who had received non‐curative treatments, or with restrictive or obstructive lung disorders. The median peak expiratory flow rate (%PEF) was set as the cut‐off value for muscle function decline, and MVL was diagnosed using a previously reported value. Clinical backgrounds and prognosis were retrospectively evaluated.ResultsOverall survival rate was lower in the MVL (n = 35) as compared with the non‐MVL (n = 136) group (1/3/5‐year overall survival rate = 88.2%/81.6%/55.6% vs 91.0%/81.5%/74.8%, respectively; P = 0.0083), while there were no differences regarding hepatic function or tumor burden between the groups. Child‐Pugh class B (hazard ratio [HR] 3.510, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.558–7.926, P = 0.0025), beyond Milan criteria (HR 1.866, 95%CI: 1.024–3.403, P = 0.042), and presence of MVL (HR 1.896, 95%CI: 1.052–3.416, P = 0.033) were significant prognostic factors. The decreased %PEF group (n = 84) showed a higher rate of postoperative delirium than the others (n = 87) (27.4% vs 11.5%, P = 0.0088). The cut‐off values for %PEF and age for postoperative delirium were 63.3% (area under receiver operating characteristic [AUROC] 0.697) and 73 years old (AUROC 0.734), respectively. Delirium was observed in 50.0% (14/28) of patients with both factors, 23.8% (15/63) of those with 1 factor, and 5.0% (4/80) of those without either factor.ConclusionMuscle volume loss is an independent prognostic factor in HCC patients treated with surgical resection, while advanced age and decreased muscle function might indicate high risk for postoperative delirium.
Facial shape manifestations of growth faltering in Tanzanian children
Authors: Cole Joanne B. , Manyama Mange F. , Nikitovic Dejana , Gonzalez Paula N. , Liberton Denise K. , Wilson Warren M. , Rolian Campbell , Larson Jacinda R. , Kimwaga Emmanuel , Mathayo Joshua , Roseman Charles C. , Santorico Stephanie A. , Lukowiak Ken , Spritz Richard A. , Hallgrimsson Benedikt 
Published: November 2017

AbstractVariation in the shape of the human face and in stature is determined by complex interactions between genetic and environmental influences. One such environmental influence is malnourishment, which can result in growth faltering, usually diagnosed by means of comparing an individual's stature with a set of age‐appropriate standards. These standards for stature, however, are typically ascertained in groups where people are at low risk for growth faltering. Moreover, genetic differences among populations with respect to stature are well established, further complicating the generalizability of stature‐based diagnostic tools. In a large sample of children aged 5–19 years, we obtained high‐resolution genomic data, anthropometric measures and 3D facial images from individuals within and around the city of Mwanza, Tanzania. With genome‐wide complex trait analysis, we partitioned genetic and environmental variance for growth outcomes and facial shape. We found that children with growth faltering have faces that look like those of older and taller children, in a direction opposite to the expected allometric trajectory, and in ways predicted by the environmental portion of covariance at the community and individual levels. The environmental variance for facial shape varied subtly but significantly among communities, whereas genetic differences were minimal. These results reveal that facial shape preserves information about exposure to undernourishment, with important implications for refining assessments of nutritional status in children and the developmental‐genetics of craniofacial variation alike.
Telemedicine follow‐up facilitates more comprehensive diabetes foot ulcer care: A qualitative study in home‐based and specialist health care
Authors: Kolltveit Beate‐Christin Hope , Thorne Sally , Graue Marit , Gjengedal Eva , Iversen Marjolein M , Kirkevold Marit 
Published: November 2017

Aims and objectivesTo investigate the application of a telemedicine intervention in diabetes foot ulcer care, and its implications for the healthcare professionals in the clinical field.BackgroundContextual factors are found to be important when applying technology in health care and applying telemedicine in home‐based care has been identified as particularly complex.Design and methodsWe conducted field observations and individual interviews among healthcare professionals in home‐based care and specialist health care in a diabetes foot care telemedicine RCT (Clin.Trial.gov: NCT01710774) during 2016. This study was guided by Interpretive Description, an inductive qualitative methodology.ResultsOverall, we identified unequal possibilities for applying telemedicine in diabetes foot ulcer care within the hospital and home care contexts. Different circumstances and possibilities in home‐based care made the application of telemedicine as intended more difficult. The healthcare professionals in both care contexts perceived the application of telemedicine to facilitate a more comprehensive approach towards the patients, but with different possibilities to enact it.ConclusionsApplication of telemedicine in home‐based care was more challenging than in the outpatient clinic setting. Introducing more updated equipment and minor structural adjustments in consultation time and resources could make the use of telemedicine in home‐based care more robust.Relevance to clinical practiceApplication of telemedicine in diabetes foot ulcer follow‐up may enhance the nursing staff's ability to conduct comprehensive assessment and care of the foot ulcer as well as the patient's total situation. Access to adequate equipment and time, particularly in home‐based care, is necessary to capitalise on this new technology.
Concomitant nonalcoholic fatty liver disease does not alter the activity, severity or course of primary biliary cholangitis
Authors: Minuk Gerald Y. , Iliant Venera , Zhou Nancy , Kaita Kelly D. , Wong Stephen G. , Peretz David , Uhanova Julia 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsThe impact of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on the natural history of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) has yet to be described. The aim of this study was to document the activity, severity and progression of PBC in patients with concomitant NAFLD and compare the findings to those with PBC alone.MethodsDisease activity was assessed by serum liver enzyme levels; severity, by Fib‐4 scores and percent of patients with APRI >1.5; and progression, by changes in Fib‐4 and prevalence of APRI >1.5 during follow‐up.ResultsThe study populations consisted of 168 PBC alone and 68 PBC/NAFLD patients. The mean ages and gender distributions of the two cohorts were similar. At presentation, PBC alone patients had greater disease activity (higher serum ALP and GGT values, P = .003 and 0.01, respectively) and advanced disease (higher Fib‐4 (P = .04) scores) than PBC/NAFLD patients. Although the prevalence of APRI >1.5 was also higher in PBC alone (11.1%) vs PBC/NAFLD (4.7%) patients, the difference was not significant (P = .16). During mean follow‐up of 6.7 ± 5.5 (PBC alone) and 6.4 ± 4.4 (PBC/NAFLD) years (ranges: 0.5‐21 years) annual increases in Fib‐4 and prevalence of ≥ APRI 1.5 were greater in PBC alone patients but the differences did not reach statistical significance.ConclusionsThe results of this retrospective, single centre study suggest that the activity, severity and progression of PBC are not adversely affected by concomitant NAFLD.
Morphological and clinical evaluation of prostatic urethra using modified sonourethrography with retrograde jelly injection
Authors: Minagawa Tomonori , Daimon Hironori , Ogawa Noriyuki , Saito Tetsuichi , Suzuki Toshiro , Domen Takahisa , Nagai Takashi , Ogawa Teruyuki , Ishizuka Osamu 
Published: November 2017

ObjectiveUsing modified sonourethrography (mSUG) with retrograde jelly injection to precisely measure the morphological characteristics of the prostatic urethra, we assessed prostatic urethral morphology associated with clinical parameters of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).MethodsBPH patients (n = 43) and control patients with localized prostate cancer (PC; n = 57) were imaged by mSUG before surgery. Using the seminal colliculus as a landmark, prostatic urethral angulation (PUA), sagittal urethral diameter, and anterior or posterior prostatic urethral length were measured. The International Prostatic Symptoms Score (IPSS) was also evaluated in all patients. The Bladder Outlet Obstruction Index (BOOI) was measured in BPH patients that could void in a pressure–flow study. Parameters were compared between BPH and PC patients, and correlations among morphological and clinical parameters were evaluated.ResultsProstatic urethras were clearly observed in all patients by mSUG. PUA, sagittal urethral diameter, and posterior urethral length were all greater in BPH than PC patients (P < .05). Among all parameters examined, PUA had the strongest correlation with IPSS (r = 0.56). Longitudinal urethral diameter showed the strongest correlation with BOOI, whereas PUA was not correlated with BOOI.ConclusionsProstatic urethral morphology can be imaged precisely by mSUG. Morphometric measurements showed that increased PUA was strongly correlated with problematic urinary symptoms, and a flattened shape of the posterior urethra, such as extension of the sagittal urethral diameter, was correlated with urinary tract obstruction by BPH.
Understanding Task‐in‐Process Through the Lens of Laughter: Activity Designs, Instructional Materials, Learner Orientations, and Interpersonal Relationships
Authors: HASEGAWA ATSUSHI 
Published: November 2017

AbstractUsing the framework of conversation analysis, this study investigated the interactional workings of laughter in task‐based interactions. The analysis was drawn from 160 cases of pair work interactions, collected in 2nd‐semester Japanese‐as‐a‐foreign‐language classrooms. The pair work activities examined in this study are mostly grammar‐focused, with prescribed sequences of turns presented on activity prompts. While the learners are closely following these prescribed sequences, analysis of their laughter reveals the complex interplays of their interpretations of activity designs, their appropriation of instructional materials, their negotiation of moment‐by‐moment orientations, and their positioning in interpersonal relationships, all of which give rise to unique interactional outcomes. Moreover, the resourceful use of laughter can be deemed relevant to language learning as it relates to active engagement with language use. This study suggests that a close examination of laughter provides rich information about task‐based interactions that may otherwise be overlooked.
Evaluation of a new fluorescent reagent, fluorescent brightener 85, for the diagnosis of suspected onychomycosis compared with potassium hydroxide
Authors: Yue Xueping , Wang Aiping , Wang Hongwei , Li Qing , Yue Xiuling 
Published: November 2017

SummaryOnychomycosis is a common fungal infection in dermatology clinics. The commonly used diagnostic method, potassium hydroxide (KOH) direct microscopy, does not have a high‐positive detection rate. Therefore, a new diagnostic method is needed to confirm onychomycosis. The objective of this research was to use fluorescent brightener 85 (FB85), a new fluorescent reagent for fungi detection, and to evaluate this new method based on the diagnostic positive rate, accuracy and efficiency in suspected onychomycosis compared with theKOHmethod. Subungual debris was collected from clinically suspected onychomycosis cases and divided into two parts. The parts were examined byFB85 and 10%KOHsolution, respectively. In total, 108 patients with suspected onychomycosis were recruited. The positive rates ofFB85 andKOHwere 88.9% and 55.6%, respectively. The patients showed significant statistical differences (P < .001). Compared with theKOHmethod, theFB85 fluorescent method was an accurate and efficient method with a higher positive rate. This method could increase the diagnostic accuracy and efficiency of onychomycosis detection.
Muslims' nation‐building process in socialist Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 1960s
Authors: Pearson Sevan Philippe 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDuring the 1960s, the Yugoslav Socialist authorities gradually recognised Bosnia and Herzegovina's Muslims as a nation. Interestingly, in the 1940s, the Yugoslav Communist leaders refused to consider Muslims even as an ethnic group and saw them only as a religious community whose members had to designate themselves as Serbs or Croats. Why did the regime decide to recognise Muslims as a nation in the 1960s, whereas 20 years earlier they supported the opposite position? To understand the shift, this nation‐building process must be understood as the result of a dual dynamic on the federal and the republican level, where important changes occurred. At the federal one, the Communist authorities initiated a decentralisation process within the context of Yugoslav self‐management in the 1950s, which significantly reinforced the republic elites. This coincided with the resurgence of the national question in the whole of Yugoslavia. Simultaneously, in Bosnia and Herzegovina, a new elite progressively rose to power in the 1960s and put the ‘Muslim question’ on the political agenda. This led to the gradual increase in status of the Muslims from a religious community to an ethnic group at the beginning of the 1960s and then to a nation at the end of the decade.
The more subsidies, the longer survival? Evidence from Chinese manufacturing firms
Authors: Mao Qilin , Xu Jiayun 
Published: November 2017

AbstractHow do government subsidies affect firm survival? By using Chinese firm‐level data for 1998 to 2007, we show that, on average, there is a positive and significant impact of government subsidies on firm survival. We also investigate the heterogeneous effects of government subsidies with different intensities on firm survival, and find that moderate‐intensity government subsidies exert a positive impact on firm survival, while high‐intensity government subsidies increase the exit probabilities, the underlying mechanisms via subsidy‐seeking investment and innovation incentive weakening are supported by empirical evidence. Furthermore, we explore the role of governance institutions in the subsidy–survival relationship, and find that the positive impact of government subsidies on firm survival is more pronounced in regions with better governance institutions.
Experiences of living with a sexually transmitted disease: an integrative review
Authors: Haapa Toni , Suominen Tarja , Paavilainen Eija , Kylmä Jari 
Published: November 2017

PurposeThis integrative review describes experiences related to living with a sexually transmitted disease (STD).DesignThe data search was conducted using the CINAHL, MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO and PubMed databases between the years 2000 and 2016. A manual search was also used. The retrieved data consisted of 33 original articles which were analysed using deductive and inductive content analysis.ResultsBased on the results, an infected person has a need for information about STDs and experiences emotions such as a loss of purity and control over his/her body. In addition, the ego of the infected person is wounded due to the infection. Concerns about the results of treatments, suffering side effects, and experiences of unprofessional behaviour by nursing staff are related to the treatment of an STD. Having an STD in everyday life means coping with a changing condition, but there are resources that can provide support. The quality of life can also be negatively affected by an STD, and a future with an STD can manifest different hopes and concerns. In relation to other people, an STD has a marked effect, especially concerning sexual relations. The person's sex life can fade away; however, it may remain as an enjoyable experience. The infected person may also adopt safer sexual behaviours or continue with a risk‐taking behaviour.ConclusionThe results of this review can be used in the development of nursing practices, as well as be used in the prevention of STDs.
Metaanalysis of Mood and Substance Use Disorders in Proximal Risk for Suicide Deaths
Authors: Conner Kenneth R. , Bridge Jeffrey A. , Davidson Dustin J. , Pilcher Carly , Brent David A. 
Published: November 2017

Evidence for proximal risk factors for suicide is based on case–control psychological autopsy studies, with these reports showing that mood and substance use disorders are the most prevalent mental disorders among suicide decedents worldwide and are associated with marked risk. However, moderators of risk and the degree of risk associated with (nonalcohol) drug use disorder are unknown. A comprehensive search was used to identify 35 case–control psychological autopsy studies published worldwide over a 30‐year period that were metaanalyzed using random effects models. Major depression, odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 9.14 (5.53, 15.09), and drug use disorder, OR (95% CI) = 7.18 (3.22, 16.01), had large effect sizes, among other results. Risk estimates associated with major depression were greater in studies with a larger proportion of women and those conducted in Asia compared with other regions. There was no evidence of publication bias or that any one study had a disproportionate impact on findings. Risk for suicide associated with major depression appears to be moderated by sex and/or world region. Drug use disorder is a potent risk factor, illustrating the importance of assessing drug use in clinical risk assessment.
Rapid identification of microorganisms from platelet concentrates by matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry after short‐term incubation on liquid medium
Authors: Chetouane Yasmine , Dubourg Gregory , Gallian Pierre , Flaudrops Christophe , Chiaroni Jacques , Chabrière Eric , Raoult Didier , Camoin‐Jau Laurence 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUNDPlatelets (PLTs) are especially affected by the risk of bacterial contamination. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight (MALDI‐TOF) is an accurate method for the routine identification of bacterial isolates in microbiology laboratories. We directly applied the MALDI‐TOF method to bacterial detection in PLTs. In this study, we evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, and speed of a direct MALDI‐TOF approach compared to the conventional method BACTEC.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSEight bacteria associated with PLT contamination, cited by the ISBT on transfusion‐transmitted infectious diseases, were spiked into PLTs for a final concentration of approximately 100 CFU/bag (n = 5 for each strain). The PLTs were then agitated for 24 hours. One milliliter of PLTs was incubated in a shaker incubator for 8 hours at 37°C with 1 mL of trypticase soy broth (TSB). The spectra were analyzed using the MALDI Biotyper software. As a control, 8 mL of PLTs incubated into BACTEC bottles and a positive bottle were subcultured to ensure identification of bacterial growth.RESULTSRegardless of the strain of PLTs tested, MALDI‐TOF analysis made detection and early identification possible at 8 hours. Analysis by BACTEC of PLTs infected with Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, and Providencia stuartii made early identification possible. For the remaining bacteria, the detection time by BACTEC was significantly longer than 8 hours.CONCLUSIONWe demonstrated the possibility of detecting bacteria in PLTs using a standardized culture step in TSB with MALDI‐TOF, regardless of the strain, with the same specificity and analytical sensitivity and with a time to results of 12 hours. This direct method presented rapid and reliable results.
Romanian National Guidelines on Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound in clinical practice
Authors: Sporea Ioan , Badea Radu , Brisc Ciprian , Ioanițescu Simona , Moga Tudor , Popescu Alina , Săftoiu Adrian , Săndulescu Larisa , Spârchez Zeno , Șirli Roxana 
Published: November 2017

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) allows a real-time assessment of the vascular pattern of different types of lesions, as it has no renal or liver toxicity, it lacks radiation exposure and it is also cheaper than other imaging methods, having a diagnostic capability that matches contrast-enhanced CT or MRI. In Romania CEUS is used more and more, especially by clinicians, and since some centres have extensive experience in this domain, we felt the need to disseminate our expertise in order to implement this method in as many centres as possible. These Guidelines present the clinical applications of CEUS in the liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, testis, bowel, intra-cavitary and endoscopic ultrasound, as well as other applications.
Prasinovirus Attack of Ostreococcus Is Furtive by Day but Savage by Night
Authors: Derelle Evelyne , Yau Sheree , Moreau Hervé , Grimsley Nigel H. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT

Prasinoviruses are large DNA viruses that infect diverse genera of green microalgae worldwide in aquatic ecosystems, but molecular knowledge of their life cycles is lacking. Several complete genomes of both these viruses and their marine algal hosts are now available and have been used to show the pervasive presence of these species in microbial metagenomes. We have analyzed the life cycle of Ostreococcus tauri virus 5 (OtV5), a lytic virus, using transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) from 12 time points of healthy or infected
Ostreococcus tauri
cells over a day/night cycle in culture. In the day, viral gene transcription remained low while host nitrogen metabolism gene transcription was initially strongly repressed for two successive time points before being induced for 8 h, but during the night, viral transcription increased steeply while host nitrogen metabolism genes were repressed and many host functions that are normally reduced in the dark appeared to be compensated either by genes expressed from the virus or by increased expression of a subset of 4.4% of the host's genes. Some host cells underwent lysis progressively during the night, but a larger proportion were lysed the following morning. Our data suggest that the life cycles of algal viruses mirror the diurnal rhythms of their hosts.

IMPORTANCE
Prasinoviruses are common in marine environments, and although several complete genomes of these viruses and their hosts have been characterized, little is known about their life cycles. Here we analyze in detail the transcriptional changes occurring over a 27-h-long experiment in a natural diurnal rhythm, in which the growth of host cells is to some extent synchronized, so that host DNA replication occurs late in the day or early in the night and cell division occurs during the night. Surprisingly, viral transcription remains quiescent over the daytime, when the most energy (from light) is available, but during the night viral transcription activates, accompanied by expression of a few host genes that are probably required by the virus. Although our experiment was accomplished in the lab, cyclical changes have been documented in host transcription in the ocean. Our observations may thus be relevant for eukaryotic phytoplankton in natural environments.