bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A HOT COMPANION TO A BLUE STRAGGLER IN NGC 188 AS REVEALED BY THE ULTRA-VIOLET IMAGING TELESCOPE (UVIT) ON ASTROSAT
Authors: Subramaniam Annapurni , Sindhu N. , Tandon S. N. , Rao N. Kameswara , Postma J. , Côté Patrick , Hutchings J. B. , Ghosh S. K. , George K. , Girish V. , Mohan R. , Murthy J. , Sankarasubramanian K. , Stalin C. S. , Sutaria F. , Mondal C. , Sahu S. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We present early results from the Ultra-Violet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) on board the ASTROSAT observatory. We report the discovery of a hot companion associated with one of the blue straggler stars (BSSs) in the old open cluster, NGC 188. Using fluxes measured in four filters in UVIT’s far-UV (FUV) channel, and two filters in the near-UV (NUV) channel, we have constructed the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the star WOCS-5885, after combining with flux measurements from GALEX, Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope, Ultraviolet Optical Telescope, SPITZER, WISE, and several ground-based facilities. The resulting SED spans a wavelength range of 0.15 μm to 7.8 μm. This object is found to be one of the brightest FUV sources in the cluster. An analysis of the SED reveals the presence of two components. The cooler component is found to have a temperature of 6000 ± 150 K, confirming that it is a BSS. Assuming it to be a main-sequence star, we estimate its mass to be ∼1.1–1.2 M
⊙. The hotter component, with an estimated temperature of 17,000 ± 500 K, has a radius of ∼ 0.6 R
⊙ and L ∼30 L
⊙. Bigger and more luminous than a white dwarf, yet cooler than a sub-dwarf, we speculate that it is a post-AGB/HB star that has recently transferred its mass to the BSS, which is known to be a rapid rotator. This binary system, which is the first BSS with a post-AGB/HB companion identified in an open cluster, is an ideal laboratory to study the process of BSS formation via mass transfer.
REFINING THE DYNAMICAL CLOCK FOR STAR CLUSTERS
Authors: Lanzoni B. , Ferraro F. R. , Alessandrini E. , Dalessandro E. , Vesperini E. , Raso S. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We used a sample of 25 Galactic globular clusters to empirically measure the parameter A
+ recently introduced by Alessandrini et al., and defined as the area enclosed between the cumulative radial distribution of blue straggler stars (BSSs) and that of a reference population. Based on N-body simulations, this parameter is expected to efficiently measure the level of BSS central segregation. Observationally, for a proper cluster-to-cluster comparison we use

, i.e., the value of the parameter determined out to the half-mass radius in each system. We find that

nicely correlates with the position of the minimum of the BSS normalized radial distribution and with the cluster central relaxation time. This demonstrates that it is a sensitive indicator of the cluster dynamical age as traced by the spatial segregation of the BSS population. In the context of the “stellar system dynamical clock,” this parameter provides a new clock-hand, which is easier to determine observationally and allows a more robust measure of the cluster dynamical age.
IS THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE ACCELERATING? ALL SIGNS POINT TO YES
Authors: Rubin D. , Hayden B. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
The accelerating expansion of the universe is one of the most profound discoveries in modern cosmology, suggesting a universe in which 70% of the mass-energy density has an unknown form spread uniformly across the universe. This result has been well established using a combination of cosmological probes, resulting in a “standard model” of modern cosmology that is a combination of a cosmological constant with cold dark matter and baryons. The first compelling evidence for the acceleration came in the late 1990s, when two independent teams studying Type Ia supernovae discovered that distant SNe Ia were dimmer than expected. The combined analysis of modern cosmology experiments, including SNe Ia, the Hubble constant, baryon acoustic oscillations, and the cosmic microwave background, has now measured the contributions of matter and the cosmological constant to the energy density of the universe to better than 0.01, providing a secure measurement of acceleration. A recent study has claimed that the evidence for acceleration from SNe Ia is “marginal.” Here we demonstrate errors in that analysis that reduce the acceleration significance from SNe Ia, and further demonstrate that conservative constraints on the curvature or matter density of the universe increase the significance even more. Analyzing the Joint Light-curve Analysis supernova sample, we find

evidence for acceleration with SNe Ia alone, and

in a flat universe. With our improved supernova analysis and not rejecting all other cosmological constraints, we find that acceleration is quite secure.
THE HIGH-RESOLUTION INFRARED SPECTRUM OF HCl+
Authors: Doménech J. L. , Drouin B. J. , Cernicharo J. , Herrero V. J. , Tanarro I. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
The chloroniumyl cation, HCl+, has been recently identified in space from Herschel's spectra. A joint analysis of extensive vis-UV spectroscopy emission data together with a few high-resolution and high-accuracy millimeter-wave data provided the necessary rest frequencies to support the astronomical identification. Nevertheless, the analysis did not include any infrared (IR) vibration–rotation data. Furthermore, with the end of the Herschel mission, IR observations from the ground may be one of the few available means to further study this ion in space. In this work, we provide a set of accurate rovibrational transition wavenumbers, as well as a new and improved global fit of vis-UV, IR, and millimeter-wave spectroscopy laboratory data, that will aid in future studies of this molecule.
Natural hazard fatalities in Switzerland from 1946 to 2015
Authors: Badoux Alexandre , Andres Norina , Techel Frank , Hegg Christoph 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. A database of fatalities caused by natural hazard processes in Switzerland was compiled for the period between 1946 and 2015. Using information from the Swiss flood and landslide damage database and the Swiss destructive avalanche database, the data set was extended back in time and more hazard processes were added by conducting an in-depth search of newspaper reports. The new database now covers all natural hazards common in Switzerland, categorised into seven process types: flood, landslide, rockfall, lightning, windstorm, avalanche and other processes (e.g. ice avalanches, earthquakes). Included were all fatal accidents associated with natural hazard processes in which victims did not expose themselves to an important danger on purpose. The database contains information on 635 natural hazard events causing 1023 fatalities, which corresponds to a mean of 14.6 victims per year. The most common causes of death were snow avalanches (37 %), followed by lightning (16 %), floods (12 %), windstorms (10 %), rockfall (8 %), landslides (7 %) and other processes (9 %). About 50 % of all victims died in one of the 507 single-fatality events; the other half were killed in the 128 multi-fatality events. The number of natural hazard fatalities that occurred annually during our 70-year study period ranged from 2 to 112 and exhibited a distinct decrease over time. While the number of victims in the first three decades (until 1975) ranged from 191 to 269 per decade, it ranged from 47 to 109 in the four following decades. This overall decrease was mainly driven by a considerable decline in the number of avalanche and lightning fatalities. About 75 % of victims were males in all natural hazard events considered together, and this ratio was roughly maintained in all individual process categories except landslides (lower) and other processes (higher). The ratio of male to female victims was most likely to be balanced when deaths occurred at home (in or near a building), a situation that mainly occurred in association with landslides and avalanches. The average age of victims of natural hazards was 35.9 years and, accordingly, the age groups with the largest number of victims were the 20–29 and 30–39 year-old groups, which in combination represented 34 % of all fatalities. It appears that the overall natural hazard mortality rate in Switzerland over the past 70 years has been relatively low in comparison to rates in other countries or rates of other types of fatal accidents in Switzerland. However, a large variability in mortality rates was observed within the country with considerably higher rates in Alpine environments.
Tortillas from Grapes: T. Coraghessan Boyle Reimagines Steinbeck's Social-Protest Novel
Authors: Wright Jill Gold 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
T. C. Boyle's The Tortilla Curtain begins with an epigraph taken from The Grapes of Wrath—“They ain't human. A human being wouldn't live like they do. A human being couldn't stand it to be so dirty and miserable”—an intimation that he will probe the same issues Steinbeck explored and ask similar questions of his readers. Published fifty-five years apart, these novels have become companion pieces, telling virtually the same story of abuse and dispossession. Just as the Joads represent an entire population of Dust Bowl Americans, who migrate from nothingness into nothingness, facing horrors in California just as they had in their home states—unemployment, poverty, starvation and inhuman living conditions—Boyle shows that these historical events are not specific to the 1930s. In contemporary California, large populations of Mexicans and Latin Americans immigrate with a dream, arriving only to find despair. Like Steinbeck, Boyle exposes their distressing realities. Both Steinbeck and Boyle were met with harsh criticism for their exposés that hit too close to home. Boyle, then, picks up where the earlier writer leaves off, devoted to continuing Steinbeck's vital mission to bring wrong to light and, hopefully, to instigate social change.
The Legacy of Steinbeck's Interchapters: The Effects of Palimpsest on Group Consciousness and Universality
Authors: Hamilton Sonia 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This article explores the palimpsestic nature of Steinbeck's classic novel The Grapes of Wrath by comparing it to the modern multimedia play House/Divided. Though The Grapes of Wrath was written before the invention of the literary device of palimpsest, Steinbeck's interweaving of different prose styles and subject matter in the novel's intercalary chapters substantiates an organic form of the contemporary device. By comparing the corresponding characteristics of Steinbeck's defining intercalary chapters and the play's palimpsestic techniques, this essay discusses how both works utilize palimpsest to achieve the same ends: to draw connections between the individual and the group, illuminate historical patterns, and most importantly, raise their audiences' group consciousness and highlight the texts' shared narrative.
Succes- en faalfactoren bij het strafrechtelijk afpakken van crimineel vermogen bij milieucriminaliteit
Authors: van Zanden N. , Neve R. 
Published: December 2016

Succes- en faalfactoren bij het strafrechtelijk afpakken van crimineel vermogen bij milieucriminaliteit
Het besef dat milieucriminaliteit hoofdzakelijk wordt gepleegd om er geld mee te verdienen is, anders dan bij ‘traditionele’ vormen van georganiseerde criminaliteit zoals drugs- en mensenhandel, van betrekkelijk recente datum. Om die reden is er langere tijd minder geïnvesteerd in financiële capaciteit bij milieuteams bij de Nationale Politie, Inspectie Leefomgeving en Transport en de Nederlandse Voedsel- en Warenautoriteit. De laatste jaren is getracht om deze achterstand in te lopen. In dit artikel wordt de huidige stand van zaken besproken aangaande de financiële focus en het strafrechtelijk afpakken van crimineel vermogen bij milieucriminaliteit.
Bespreking van de oratie Verantwoord financieel strafrecht van Matthijs Nelemans, Tilburg University, 2015
Authors: Haentjens R.C.P. 
Published: December 2016

Bespreking van de oratie Verantwoord financieel strafrecht van Matthijs Nelemans, Tilburg University, 2015
De orator bespreekt het uitdijend rechtsgebied, met als kern de Wft, de evolutie van het handhavingsmodel met zijn open normen en buitengerechtelijke afdoening en ten slotte de legaliteit en legitimiteit van het financieel strafrecht. De recensent vraagt zich af, of de door de orator genoemde rechtsbeginselen wel de rechtsbeginselen (kunnen) zijn die het financieel strafrecht kunnen normeren, nu het rechtsgebied ‘in het gareel’ wordt gehouden door beginselen van commuun strafrecht, bestuursrecht en Europees recht. Hoe moet het met de begrippen als daderschap en samenloop in de straftoemeting? Het is een weerbarstige materie.
Surface modification of a-plane sapphire substrates and its effect on crystal orientation of ZnTe layer
Authors: Nakasu Taizo , Sun Wei-Che , Kobayashi Masakazu 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Domain structures of ZnTe layers grown on a-plane sapphire substrates were investigated by changing the crystallographic properties of the surface and interface. Pole figure images were obtained and we investigated the domain structure in the grown film and the orientation relationships between films and substrates. It was confirmed that two kinds of {111} domains were oriented by annealing the buffer layer at 350 °C, while the (100) domain was obtained by annealing the buffer layer at 300 °C. From the results of the rocking curve measurement, the introduction of a step-terrace surface through the high-temperature treatment of the substrate resulted in an improved crystallographic quality. However, it did not affect the domain structure in the layer. The introduction of an off-angle on the substrate surface resulted in the formation of a single (111) domain layer. These crystallographic features were mainly affected by the surface atom arrangement of the sapphire substrate and its chemical nature.
Comparison of induced damage, range, reflection, and sputtering yield between amorphous, bcc crystalline, and bubble-containing tungsten materials under hydrogen isotope and noble gas plasma irradiations
Authors: Saito Seiki , Nakamura Hiroaki , Tokitani Masayuki 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Binary-collision-approximation simulation of hydrogen isotope (i.e., hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium) and noble gas (i.e., helium, neon, and argon) injections into tungsten materials is performed. Three tungsten structures (i.e., amorphous, bcc crystalline, and helium bubble-containing structures) are prepared as target materials. Then, the trajectories of incident atoms, the distribution of recoil atoms, the penetration depth range of incident atoms, the sputtering yield, and the reflection rate are carefully investigated for these target materials.
Engaging Faculty and Reducing Costs by Leveraging Collections: A Pilot Project to Reduce Course Pack Use
Authors: Cancilla Nelly , Glushko Bobby , Orfano Stephanie , Slaght Graeme 
Published: December 2016

INTRODUCTION Academic libraries have the privilege of serving many roles in the lives of their institutions. One role that is largely untapped is their ability to actively leverage their collections to support faculty teaching and to reduce student out-of-pocket costs by eliminating systemic double payment for course materials. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM/SERVICE This paper details a project by the Scholarly Communications and Copyright Office (SCCO) at the University of Toronto that aimed to reduce this systemic double payment by leveraging collections and electronic reserves to provide a new service, the Zero-to-Low Cost Courses. Building on existing relationships with faculty, SCCO staff reached out to potential candidates, identified library licensed materials in their printed course packs, and created digital course packs which students could use at no cost. NEXT STEPS This article shares the results of the project and explores next steps in using existing library resources to actively reduce student course costs.
Hip Shape as a Predictor of Osteoarthritis Progression in a Prospective Population Cohort
Authors: Ahedi Harbeer G. , Aspden Richard M. , Blizzard Leigh C. , Saunders Fiona R. , Cicuttini Flavia M. , Aitken Dawn A. , Jones Graeme , Gregory Jennifer S. 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveHip morphology plays a significant role in the incidence and progression of hip osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesized that hip shape would also be associated with other key factors and tested this in a longitudinal community‐based cohort combining radiographic, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA), and clinical data.MethodsBaseline DXA images of the left hip of 831 subjects from the Tasmanian Older Adult Cohort were analyzed using an 85‐point statistical shape model. Hip pain was assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and muscle strength was measured using a dynamometer. Hip structural changes were assessed using MRI and radiographic OA using plain radiographs.ResultsSix shape modes accounted for 68% of shape variation. At baseline, modes 1, 2, 4, and 6 were associated with radiographic hip OA; modes 1, 3, 4, and 6 were correlated with hip cartilage volume; and all except mode 2 were correlated with muscle strength. Higher mode 1 and lower mode 3 and mode 6 scores at baseline predicted hip pain at followup and higher mode 1 and mode 2 scores were associated with hip effusion‐synovitis. Higher scores for mode 2 (decreasing acetabular coverage) and lower scores for mode 4 (nonspherical femoral head) at baseline predicted 10‐year total hip replacement (THR), while mode 4 alone was correlated with bone marrow lesions (BMLs), effusion‐synovitis, and increased cartilage signal.ConclusionHip shape is associated with radiographic OA, THR, hip pain, effusion‐synovitis, BMLs, muscle strength, and hip structural changes. These data suggest that different shape modes reflect multiple facets of hip OA.
Tolerance and pharmacokinetics of a ciprofloxacin‐coated sinus stent in a preclinical model
Authors: Cho Do‐Yeon , Hoffman Kyle , Skinner Daniel , Mackey Calvin , Lim Dong Jin , Alexander Grant C. , Bae Chae Yun , Han Dong Keun , Jun Ho‐Wook , Woodworth Bradford A. 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is often associated with persistent bacterial infection despite the use of systemic antibiotics. Topically administered antibiotics are an alternative strategy, but require effective local concentrations, prolonged mucosal contact time, minor systemic absorption, and minimal depletion. The objectives of the current study were to analyze the in vitro release rate and in vivo drug delivery tolerance and pharmacokinetics of a ciprofloxacin‐coated sinus stent (CSS).MethodsThe CSS (2 mg) was created from biodegradable poly‐D/L‐lactic acid. After analyzing in vitro release profile, CSSs were placed unilaterally in maxillary sinuses of 16 rabbits via dorsal sinusotomy. Animals were euthanized between 1 and 3 weeks postoperatively. Ciprofloxacin concentrations in the sinus tissue and plasmas were assessed using high‐performance liquid chromatography. Radiological and histological evaluations were performed.ResultsIn the in vitro release profile, an initial burst release was observed over the first 24 hours, followed by sustained release through the 14‐day time point. In the rabbit model, ciprofloxacin was continuously released from the stent up to 3 weeks at doses >50 ng/mL. Histologic examination found no evidence of inflammation, epithelial ulceration, or bony reaction upon euthanization of the animals at 21 days. Computed tomography also demonstrated no signs of mucosal edema or opacification in the sinus.ConclusionThe CSS was safe in this preclinical model and sustained release was observed in both the in vitro and in vivo analyses. The innovative stent design coated with ciprofloxacin may provide a unique therapeutic strategy for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
Time‐Dependent Free‐Particle Salpeter Equation: Numerical and Asymptotic Analysis in the Light of the Fundamental Solution
Authors: Torre Amalia , Lattanzi Ambra , Levi Decio 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA detailed study of the spinless (1+1)D free‐particle Salpeter equation is presented. It involves several aspects of the topic: from the analysis of the behavior of solutions of the equation, both numerically evaluated and asymptotically approximated for definite initial conditions, to the comparison with the behavior of the corresponding solutions of the Schrödinger equation in order to both highlight the differences and to possibly understand how the latter “flow” in the former. Interesting analogies with other fields of physics, in particular with optics, are suggested.
Enantioselektive Synthese und Racemisierung von (−)‐Sinoracutin
Authors: Volpin Giulio , Vepřek Nynke A. , Bellan Andreas B. , Trauner Dirk 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSinoracutin ist ein Alkaloid mit ungewöhnlichen strukturellen und biologischen Eigenschaften. Es besteht aus einem einzigartigen tetracyclischen 6/6/5/5‐Gerüst mit einem N‐Methylpyrrolidinring, der mit einer Cyclopentenoneinheit verbunden ist. Interessanterweise wurden beide Enantiomere von Sinoracutin unabhängig voneinander aus derselben Pflanze isoliert, allerdings nicht in racemischer Form. Hier wird eine Synthese von (−)‐Sinoracutin beschrieben, die auf einer diastereoselektiven Pauson‐Khand‐Reaktion und einer Mandai‐Claisen‐Umlagerung zur Einführung des quartären Stereozentrums beruht. Die vorliegende Arbeit bestätigt die absolute Konfiguration des laevorotatorischen Isomers und legt nahe, dass die Enantiomerenreinheit des Naturstoffs infolge langsamer Racemisierung variiert. Diese Vorhersage wird durch experimentelle Befunde gestützt, und plausible Mechanismen für die Racemisierung werden vorgeschlagen.
Water‐Rich Fluid Material Containing Orderly Condensed Proteins
Authors: Nojima Tatsuya , Iyoda Tomokazu 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA fluid material with high protein content (120–310 mg mL−1) was formed through the ordered self‐assembly of native proteins segregated from water. This material is instantly prepared by the simple mixing of a protein solution with anionic and cationic surfactants. By changing the ratio of the surfactants based on the electrostatic characteristics of the target protein, we observed that the surfactants could function as a versatile molecular glue for protein assembly. Moreover, these protein assemblies could be disassembled back into an aqueous solution depending on the salt conditions. Owing to the water‐retaining properties of the hydrophilic part of surfactants, the proteins in this material are in a water‐rich environment, which maintains their native structure and function. The inclusion of water also provides functional extensibility to this material, as demonstrated by the preparation of an enzymatically active gel. We anticipate that the unique features of this material will permit the use of proteins not only in solution but also as elements of integrated functionalized materials.
Enantioselective Synthesis and Racemization of (−)‐Sinoracutine
Authors: Volpin Giulio , Vepřek Nynke A. , Bellan Andreas B. , Trauner Dirk 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSinoracutine is a recently isolated alkaloid with unusual stereochemical and biological properties. It features an unprecedented tetracyclic 6/6/5/5 skeleton that bears an N‐methylpyrrolidine ring fused to a cyclopentenone. Interestingly, both enantiomers of sinoracutine have been independently isolated from the same plant, yet the molecule does not appear to occur as a racemate. Here, we present a short synthesis of (−)‐sinoracutine that relies on a highly diastereoselective Pauson–Khand reaction and a Mandai–Claisen reaction to install the quaternary stereocenter. Our work establishes the absolute configuration of the levorotatory isomer and suggests that the optical purity of sinoracutine varies in nature due to its gradual racemization. Experimental evidence supports this proposal, and a plausible mechanism for the racemization is provided.