bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exo70 is an independent prognostic factor in colon cancer
Authors: Xiao Li , Zheng Kaifeng , Lv Xia , Hou Jihuan , Xu Liang , Zhao Yujie , Song Fei , Fan Yaqiong , Cao Hanwei , Zhang Wenqing , Hong Xiaoting , Zhan Yan-yan , Hu Tianhui 
Published: July 2017

AbstractExo70, a key component of the Exocyst complex, plays important roles in human cancer progression beyond exocytosis. However, the expression of Exo70 and its prognostic value for patients with colon cancer has not been well investigated to date. In this study, we observed that the mRNA and protein levels of Exo70 were upregulated in 11 of 13 colon cancer tissues, compared with their normal counterparts, which was validated by immunohistochemical analysis in a tissue microarray containing 89 pairs of colon cancer tissues and the matched adjacent normal tissues. Statistical analysis revealed that Exo70 expression is positively correlated with tumor size, invasion depth, TNM stage and distant metastasis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that colon cancer patients with higher Exo70 expression have a poorer clinical outcome than those with lower Exo70 expression. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that Exo70, age and distant metastasis were there independent prognostic factors for overall survival rate of colon cancer patients. Through gain- and loss of Exo70 in colon cancer cells, we found that Exo70 could enhance the migration ability of colon cancer cells. Taken together, our studies revealed that Exo70 might be a promising negative prognostic factor and a potential therapeutic target for colon cancer.
Morphology, composition, and mixing state of primary particles from combustion sources — crop residue, wood, and solid waste
Authors: Liu Lei , Kong Shaofei , Zhang Yinxiao , Wang Yuanyuan , Xu Liang , Yan Qin , Lingaswamy A. P. , Shi Zongbo , Lv Senlin , Niu Hongya , Shao Longyi , Hu Min , Zhang Daizhou , Chen Jianmin , Zhang Xiaoye , Li Weijun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMorphology, composition, and mixing state of individual particles emitted from crop residue, wood, and solid waste combustion in a residential stove were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Our study showed that particles from crop residue and apple wood combustion were mainly organic matter (OM) in smoldering phase, whereas soot-OM internally mixed with K in flaming phase. Wild grass combustion in flaming phase released some Cl-rich-OM/soot particles and cardboard combustion released OM and S-rich particles. Interestingly, particles from hardwood (pear wood and bamboo) and softwood (cypress and pine wood) combustion were mainly soot and OM in the flaming phase, respectively. The combustion of foam boxes, rubber tires, and plastic bottles/bags in the flaming phase released large amounts of soot internally mixed with a small amount of OM, whereas the combustion of printed circuit boards and copper-core cables emitted large amounts of OM with Br-rich inclusions. In addition, the printed circuit board combustion released toxic metals containing Pb, Zn, Sn, and Sb. The results are important to document properties of primary particles from combustion sources, which can be used to trace the sources of ambient particles and to know their potential impacts in human health and radiative forcing in the air.
Metabolomic similarities between bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and plasma in humans and mice
Authors: Cruickshank-Quinn Charmion , Powell Roger , Jacobson Sean , Kechris Katerina , Bowler Russell P. , Petrache Irina , Reisdorph Nichole 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis observational study catalogues the overlap in metabolites between matched bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and plasma, identifies the degree of congruence between these metabolomes in human and mouse, and determines how molecules may change in response to cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. Matched BALF and plasma was collected from mice (ambient air or CS-exposed) and humans (current or former smokers), and analyzed using mass spectrometry. There were 1155 compounds in common in all 4 sample types; fatty acyls and glycerophospholipids strongly overlapped between groups. In humans and mice, more than half of the metabolites present in BALF were also present in plasma. Mouse BALF and human BALF had a strong positive correlation with 2040 metabolites in common, suggesting that mouse models can be used to interrogate human lung metabolome changes. While power was affected by small sample size in the mouse study, the BALF metabolome appeared to be more affected by CS than plasma. CS-exposed mice showed increased plasma and BALF glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids. This is the first report cataloguing the metabolites present across mouse and human, BALF and plasma. Findings are relevant to translational studies where mouse models are used to examine human disease, and where plasma may be interrogated in lieu of BALF or lung tissue.
Standardized Nanomechanical Atomic Force Microscopy Procedure (SNAP) for Measuring Soft and Biological Samples
Authors: Schillers Hermann , Rianna Carmela , Schäpe Jens , Luque Tomas , Doschke Holger , Wälte Mike , Uriarte Juan José , Campillo Noelia , Michanetzis Georgios P. A. , Bobrowska Justyna , Dumitru Andra , Herruzo Elena T. , Bovio Simone , Parot Pierre , Galluzzi Massimiliano , Podestà Alessandro , Puricelli Luca , Scheuring Simon , Missirlis Yannis , Garcia Ricardo , Odorico Michael , Teulon Jean-Marie , Lafont Frank , Lekka Malgorzata , Rico Felix , Rigato Annafrancesca , Pellequer Jean-Luc , Oberleithner Hans , Navajas Daniel , Radmacher Manfred 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe present a procedure that allows a reliable determination of the elastic (Young’s) modulus of soft samples, including living cells, by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The standardized nanomechanical AFM procedure (SNAP) ensures the precise adjustment of the AFM optical lever system, a prerequisite for all kinds of force spectroscopy methods, to obtain reliable values independent of the instrument, laboratory and operator. Measurements of soft hydrogel samples with a well-defined elastic modulus using different AFMs revealed that the uncertainties in the determination of the deflection sensitivity and subsequently cantilever’s spring constant were the main sources of error. SNAP eliminates those errors by calculating the correct deflection sensitivity based on spring constants determined with a vibrometer. The procedure was validated within a large network of European laboratories by measuring the elastic properties of gels and living cells, showing that its application reduces the variability in elastic moduli of hydrogels down to 1%, and increased the consistency of living cells elasticity measurements by a factor of two. The high reproducibility of elasticity measurements provided by SNAP could improve significantly the applicability of cell mechanics as a quantitative marker to discriminate between cell types and conditions.
Evaluation of Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis of Icariin in Local Controlled Release and Systemic Delivery for Calvarial Defect in Ovariectomized Rats
Authors: Wu Yuqiong , Cao LingYan , Xia Lunguo , Wu Qianju , Wang Jie , Wang Xiao , Xu Lianyi , Zhou Yuning , Xu Yuanjin , Jiang Xinquan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTypically, bone regenerative medicine is applied to repair bone defects in patients with osteoporosis. Meanwhile, there is an urgent need to develop safe and cheap drugs that induce bone formation. Icariin, which is reported to promote the osteogenesis of stem cellsin vitro, is the main active component ofHerba Epimedii. However, whether icariin could repair bone defects caused by osteoporosis remains unknown. In this study, an osteoporosis model in rats was established by an ovariectomy first, and then, the osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) treated with icariin was evaluated. Furthermore, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffolds loaded with icariin were constructed and then implanted into nude mice to determine the optimal construction. To evaluate its osteogenic and angiogenic abilityin vivo, this construction was applied to calvarial defect of the ovariectomized (OVX) rats accompanied with an icariin gavage. This demonstrated that icariin could up-regulate the expression of osteogenic and angiogenic genes in BMSCs. Meanwhile, osteoclast formation was inhibited. Moreover, CPC could act as a suitable icariin delivery system for repairing bone defects by enhancing osteogenesis and angiogenesis, while the systemic administration of icariin has an antiosteoporotic effect that promotes bone defect repair.
Association between duration of breastfeeding and malocclusions in primary and mixed dentition: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Boronat-Catalá Montserrat , Montiel-Company José María , Bellot-Arcís Carlos , Almerich-Silla José Manuel , Catalá-Pizarro Montserrat 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the current evidence on the possible effects of breastfeeding on different malocclusion traits in primary and mixed dentition. A systematic search was made in three databases, using terms related to breastfeeding and malocclusion in primary and mixed dentition. Of the 31 articles that met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative analysis, nine were included in the quantitative analysis. The quality of the 31 observational studies was moderate to high on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. It was found that the odds ratio for the risk of posterior crossbite was 3.76 (95% CI 2.01–7.03) on comparing children who had not been breastfed, with those breastfed for over six months, and rose to 8.78 (95% CI 1.67–46.1) when those not breastfed were compared to those breastfed for over twelve months. The odds ratio for class II malocclusion in children breastfed for up to six months compared to those breastfed for over six months was 1.25 (95% CI 1.01–1.55). Lastly, children who were breastfed for up to six months had an odds ratio of 1.73 (95% CI 1.35–2.22) for non-spaced dentition compared to those who were breastfed for over six months.
The Gene Variants of Maternal/Fetal Renin-Angiotensin System in Preeclampsia: A Hybrid Case-Parent/Mother-Control Study
Authors: Zhang Heng , Li Ying-Xue , Peng Wei-Jun , Li Zhi-Wei , Zhang Chun-Hua , Di Hai-Hong , Shen Xian-Ping , Zhu Jun-Feng , Yan Wei-Rong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPreeclampsia (PE) is a common pregnancy-related complication, and polymorphisms in angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) are believed to contribute to PE development. We implemented a hybrid study to investigate the influence of maternal and fetal ACE I/D, ACE G2350A, AGT M235T, AGT T174M, and AT1R A1166C polymorphisms on PE in Han Chinese women. Polymorphisms were genotyped in 1,488 subjects (256 patients experiencing PE, along with their fetuses and partners, and 360 normotensive controls with their fetuses). Transmission disequilibrium tests revealed that ACE I/D (P = 0.041), ACE G2350A (P = 0.035), and AT1R A1166C (P = 0.018) were associated with maternal PE. The log-linear analyses revealed that mothers whose offspring carried the MM genotype of AGT M235T had a higher risk of PE (OR = 1.54, P = 0.010), whereas mothers whose offspring carried the II genotype of ACE I/D or the GG genotype of ACE G2350A had a reduced risk (OR = 0.58, P = 0.039; OR = 0.47, P = 0.045, respectively). Our findings demonstrate that fetal ACE I/D, ACE G2350A, AGT M235T, and AT1R A1166C polymorphisms may play significant roles in PE development among pregnant Han Chinese women.
Cognitive performance in healthy older adults relates to spontaneous switching between states of functional connectivity during rest
Authors: Cabral Joana , Vidaurre Diego , Marques Paulo , Magalhães Ricardo , Silva Moreira Pedro , Miguel Soares José , Deco Gustavo , Sousa Nuno , Kringelbach Morten L. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractGrowing evidence has shown that brain activity at rest slowly wanders through a repertoire of different states, where whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) temporarily settles into distinct FC patterns. Nevertheless, the functional role of resting-state activity remains unclear. Here, we investigate how the switching behavior of resting-state FC relates with cognitive performance in healthy older adults. We analyse resting-state fMRI data from 98 healthy adults previously categorized as being among the best or among the worst performers in a cohort study of >1000 subjects aged 50+ who underwent neuropsychological assessment. We use a novel approach focusing on the dominant FC pattern captured by the leading eigenvector of dynamic FC matrices. Recurrent FC patterns – or states – are detected and characterized in terms of lifetime, probability of occurrence and switching profiles. We find that poorer cognitive performance is associated with weaker FC temporal similarity together with altered switching between FC states. These results provide new evidence linking the switching dynamics of FC during rest with cognitive performance in later life, reinforcing the functional role of resting-state activity for effective cognitive processing.
Megapixel multi-elemental imaging by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, a technology with considerable potential for paleoclimate studies
Authors: Cáceres J. O. , Pelascini F. , Motto-Ros V. , Moncayo S. , Trichard F. , Panczer G. , Marín-Roldán A. , Cruz J. A. , Coronado I. , Martín-Chivelet J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPaleoclimate studies play a crucial role in understanding past and future climates and their environmental impacts. Current methodologies for performing highly sensitive elemental analysis at micrometre spatial resolutions are restricted to the use of complex and/or not easily applied techniques, such as synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence micro-analysis (μ-SRXRF), nano secondary ion mass spectrometry (nano-SIMS) or laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Moreover, the analysis of large samples (>few cm²) with any of these methods remains very challenging due to their relatively low acquisition speed (~1–10 Hz), and because they must be operated in vacuum or controlled atmosphere. In this work, we proposed an imaging methodology based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, to perform fast multi-elemental scanning of large geological samples with high performance in terms of sensitivity (ppm-level), lateral resolution (up to 10 μm) and operating speed (100 Hz). This method was successfully applied to obtain the first megapixel images of large geological samples and yielded new information, not accessible using other techniques. These results open a new perspective into the use of laser spectroscopy in a variety of geochemical applications.
Analytical theory and possible detection of the ac quantum spin Hall effect
Authors: Deng W. Y. , Ren Y. J. , Lin Z. X. , Shen R. , Sheng L. , Sheng D. N. , Xing D. Y. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe develop an analytical theory of the low-frequency ac quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect based upon the scattering matrix formalism. It is shown that the ac QSH effect can be interpreted as a bulk quantum pumping effect. When the electron spin is conserved, the integer-quantized ac spin Hall conductivity can be linked to the winding numbers of the reflection matrices in the electrodes, which also equal to the bulk spin Chern numbers of the QSH material. Furthermore, a possible experimental scheme by using ferromagnetic metals as electrodes is proposed to detect the topological ac spin current by electrical means.
Multimodal imaging quality control of epithelia regenerated with cultured human donor corneal limbal epithelial stem cells
Authors: Lombardo Marco , Serrao Sebastiano , Barbaro Vanessa , Di Iorio Enzo , Lombardo Giuseppe 
Published: July 2017

AbstractCurrent imaging techniques for the characterization of differentiated corneal limbal stem cells are destructive and cannot be used in eye bank for monitoring the regenerated epithelium in culture. We presented a minimally invasive, multimodal, marker-free imaging method for the investigation of epithelia regenerated with cultured human donor corneal limbal epithelial stem cells. Two-photon fluorescence and harmonic generation signals were collected from specimens in culture and used for evaluating the structure and morphology of epithelia cultured on two different bio-scaffolds; in addition, donor human corneal tissues were used as controls. The method provided reliable information on the organization of cellular and extracellular components of biomaterial substrates and was highly sensitive to determine differences between the density packing arrangement of epithelial cells of different biomaterials without relying on inferences from exogenous labels. The present minimally invasive standardized quality control methodology can be reliably translated to eye banks and used for monitoring harvested corneal limbal stem cells growth and differentiation in bioengineered materials.
eIF2α signaling regulates ischemic osteonecrosis through endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Liu Daquan , Zhang Yunlong , Li Xinle , Li Jie , Yang Shuang , Xing Xiaoxue , Fan Guanwei , Yokota Hiroki , Zhang Ping 
Published: July 2017

AbstractOsteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) primarily results from ischemia/hypoxia to the femoral head, and one of the cellular manifestations is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. To understand possible linkage of ischemic osteonecrosis to the ER stress, a surgery-induced animal model was employed and salubrinal was administered to evaluate the role of ER stress. Salubrinal is a synthetic chemical that inhibits de-phosphorylation of eIF2α, and it can suppress cell death from the ER stress at a proper dose. The results indicated that the ER stress was associated with ONFH and salubrinal significantly improved ONFH-induced symptoms such as osteonecrosis, bone loss, reduction in vessel perfusion, and excessive osteoclastogenesis in the femoral head. Salubrinal also protected osteoblast development by upregulating the levels of ATF4, ALP and RUNX2, and it stimulated angiogenesis of endothelial cells through elevating ATF4 and VEGF. Collectively, the results support the notion that the ER stress is an important pathological outcome in the surgery-induced ONFH model, and salubrinal improves ONFH symptoms by enhancing angiogenesis and bone healing via suppressing the ER stress.
Advanced redox flow fuel cell using ferric chloride as main catalyst for complete conversion from carbohydrates to electricity
Authors: Xu Fan , Li Huan , Liu Yueling , Jing Qi 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLiquid catalyzed fuel cell (LCFC) is a kind of redox flow fuel cell directly converting carbohydrates to electricity. To improve its efficiency, ferric chloride (FeCl3) was introduced as main catalyst. As mono catalyst, phosphomolybdic acid (PMo12) was much better than phosphotungstic acid (PW12) and FeCl3 was intermediate between them. Compared with PMo12 at the optimal dose of 0.30 mol/L, the combination of FeCl3 (1.00 mol/L) and PW12 (0.06 mol/L) achieved similar power output from glucose (2.59 mW/cm2) or starch (1.57 mW/cm2), and even improved the maximum power density by 57% from 0.46 to 0.72 mW/cm2 when using cellulose as the fuel. Long-term continuous operation of the LCFC indicated that carbohydrates can be hydrolyzed to glucose and then oxidized stepwise to carbon dioxide. At the latter stage, there was a linear relationship between the electron transfer number from glucose to catalyst and the subsequent cell performance. Based on these findings, the contribution of FeCl3 to LCFC should be derived from the accelerated hydrolysis and oxidation of carbohydrates and the enhanced electron transfer from glucose to anode. The addition of FeCl3 reduced the usage of polyoxometalates by 80%, and the replacement implied that LCFC can be operated less toxically and more economically.
Abrupt emergence of a large pockmark field in the German Bight, southeastern North Sea
Authors: Krämer Knut , Holler Peter , Herbst Gabriel , Bratek Alexander , Ahmerkamp Soeren , Neumann Andreas , Bartholomä Alexander , van Beusekom Justus E. E. , Holtappels Moritz , Winter Christian 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA series of multibeam bathymetry surveys revealed the emergence of a large pockmark field in the southeastern North Sea. Covering an area of around 915 km2, up to 1,200 pockmarks per square kilometer have been identified. The time of emergence can be confined to 3 months in autumn 2015, suggesting a very dynamic genesis. The gas source and the trigger for the simultaneous outbreak remain speculative. Subseafloor structures and high methane concentrations of up to 30 μmol/l in sediment pore water samples suggest a source of shallow biogenic methane from the decomposition of postglacial deposits in a paleo river valley. Storm waves are suggested as the final trigger for the eruption of the gas. Due to the shallow water depths and energetic conditions at the presumed time of eruption, a large fraction of the released gas must have been emitted to the atmosphere. Conservative estimates amount to 5 kt of methane, equivalent to 67% of the annual release from the entire North Sea. These observations most probably describe a reoccurring phenomenon in shallow shelf seas, which may have been overlooked before because of the transient nature of shallow water bedforms and technology limitations of high resolution bathymetric mapping.
Tomatoes protect against development of UV-induced keratinocyte carcinoma via metabolomic alterations
Authors: Cooperstone Jessica L. , Tober Kathleen L. , Riedl Ken M. , Teegarden Matthew D. , Cichon Morgan J. , Francis David M. , Schwartz Steven J. , Oberyszyn Tatiana M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractProlonged tomato consumption can mitigate ultraviolet (UV) light induced sunburn via unknown mechanisms. Dietary carotenoids distributed to skin are hypothesized to protect skin against UV-induced damage, although other phytochemicals may play a role. We hypothesize that tomato consumption would protect against skin cancer. SKH-1 hairless and immunocompetent mice (n = 180) were fed AIN-93G or AIN-93G + 10% tangerine or red tomato powder for 35 weeks. From weeks 11–20, mice (n = 120) were exposed to 2240 J/m2 UV-B light, 3x/week, and tumors were tracked weekly. Control mice were fed the same diets but not exposed to UV. Tumor number was significantly lower in male mice consuming red tomato diets (1.73 ± 0.50, P = 0.015) or pooled tomato diets (2.03 ± 0.45, P = 0.017) compared to controls (4.04 ± 0.65). Carotenoid levels in plasma and skin were quantitated, with total lycopene higher in skin of tangerine fed animals despite a lower dose. Metabolomic analyses elucidated compounds derived from tomato glycoalkaloids (including tomatidine and hydroxylated-tomatidine) as significantly different metabolites in skin after tomato exposure. Here, we describe that tomato consumption can modulate risk for keratinocyte carcinomas; however, the role of the newly identified specific phytochemicals possibly responsible for this action require further investigation.