bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
proBDNF Accelerates Brain Amyloid-β Deposition and Learning and Memory Impairment in APPswePS1dE9 Transgenic Mice
Authors: Chen Jia , Zhang Tao , Jiao Shusheng , Zhou Xinfu , Zhong Jinhua , Wang Yanjiang , Liu Juan , Deng Juan , Wang Shuiping , Xu Zhiqiang 
Published: July 2017

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is pathologically known for the amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuronal loss in the brain. The precursor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) before proteolysis has opposing functions to its mature form in neuronal survival and neurite growth. However, the role of proBDNF in the pathogenesis of AD remains unclear. Objective: To investigate the effects of proBDNF on neurons in vitro, and on learning and memory impairment and brain Aβ production in a transgenic AD mouse model (APPswePS1dE9). Methods: We here examined the effects of proBDNF on the viability (MTT assay) and neurite growth (morphologic measurement) of the primary neurons in vitro. After the intracerebroventricular injection of adeno-associated virus-proBDNF (AAV-proBDNF), we then investigated the learning and memory impairment (Morris water maze) and Aβ deposition in the brains of the AD mice. Results: The results showed that proBDNF could inhibit neuronal viability and neurite growth in vitro, enhance Aβ levels, and accelerate its deposition in the brain, which was consistent with the learning and memory impairment of AD mice, likely dependent on the membrane receptor of p75NTR. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that proBDNF may exert a crucially negative effect during AD pathogenesis andprogression.
Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration under Ultrasound Guidance: Experience from an Academic Tertiary Care Center in Lebanon
Authors: Hajj Boutros Rita , Haddad Maurice , Boulos Fouad , Arabi Asma 
Published: July 2017

Thyroid nodules are common. Malignancy was reported in only 5-15% of cases. Fine needle aspiration under US guidance (USG-FNA) proved to be accurate for the detection of thyroid cancer. This is a retrospective review of 400 radiology and cytology USG-FNA reports, randomly selected among those done at the Radiology Department at a tertiary care center in Beirut during the last five years. The specimen was inadequate in 60 (12%) of cases but FNA was repeated in 10 cases only. The final diagnosis was benign in 76.7% of cases, mostly in women. 35% of the malignant and 19% of the benign nodules were hypoechoic, p=0.03. No significant correlation was observed between malignancy and other ultrasonic characteristics. Hypoechogenecity was also more common in nodules with inadequate specimen (40% versus 21.4%, p=0.01). Age, gender, location and size of the nodule did not differ between groups of adequate and inadequate specimen. In conclusion, 3 out of 4 thyroid nodules referred for USG-FNA are benign, mostly in women. Inadequate specimen was observed in 12% of cases. Hypoechogenecity but not other ultrasonic characteristics was associated with malignancy and with test failure.

Key words: Thyroid nodule, fine needle aspirate, ultrasound guidance, thyroid cancer, inadequate.
Luossa et Laks
Authors: Law John , Joks Solveig 
Published: July 2017

Lorsque la technoscience et la politique d’État interagissent avec les savoirs et les pratiques autochtones, elles le font habituellement de façon asymétrique. Dans les relations de domination, les savoirs autochtones sont traités comme des « croyances » ou des « cultures » alors que la technoscience est qualifiée de « connaissance » ou de vérité. Cet article explore une interaction de ce genre, une polémique au nord de la Norvège et de la Finlande entre, d’une part, les modélisateurs biologiques et les décideurs publics et, d’autre part, les pêcheurs samis (lapons). Les scientifiques et les décideurs estiment que le nombre de saumons est en baisse dans la rivière Deatnu (Tana) en raison de la surpêche et cherchent à limiter la pêche. Les pêcheurs locaux sont en partie d’accord avec cela mais ils font valoir que d’autres facteurs (surtout la protection des prédateurs) sont également cruciaux. Ils s’opposent également aux restrictions imposées aux pratiques locales (et souvent samies) de pêche au filet dérivant. L’article traite cette controverse sur les plans épistémologique, politique et métaphysique, avec un accent particulier sur ce dernier. Les hypothèses métaphysiques actionnées par la technoscience – en particulier ses liens avec le dualisme de la nature-culture et une ontologie singulière de « monde unique » – sont explorées. De tels liens sont absents des pratiques samies. L’article prétend, en s’appuyant sur des travaux issus de l’anthropologie postcoloniale, que ces hypothèses enchâssées dans la technoscience empêchent celle-ci et les pratiques politiques associées de reconnaître la différence métaphysique et, du coup, permettent aux décideurs et aux scientifiques de refuser la possibilité qu’il puisse y avoir des mondes multiples et différents. L’article conclut que si l’on veut déboucher sur des relations moins dominatrices entre la science et la politique d’une part, et les pratiques et savoirs samis d’autre part, il sera important de s’occuper : (a) des pratiques matérielles et terre à terre de production des connaissances ; (b) du sens de la différence métaphysique au sein de et entre ces pratiques. Il sera également important : c) d’inventer des manières de connaître qui reconnaissent et actionnent ces différences plutôt que d’espérer trouver un consensus.
L’énergie et l’archive
Authors: Bowker Geoffrey C. 
Published: July 2017

Ce texte aborde des manières de penser l’articulation entre les connaissances que nous produisons et leurs origines sociales qui ne succombent pas à un déterminisme naïf. Les principaux arguments sont que nos modes de découverte et d’énonciation des connaissances sont profondément sociaux : à la fois à travers le rôle des formes d’énergie et des pratiques bureaucratiques.
Espace pénal et Sécurité intérieure, deux projets distincts de l’Union européenne aux dynamiques parallèles
Authors: Berthelet Pierre 
Published: July 2017

La Sécurité intérieure européenne et l’Espace pénal européen sont deux projets nés de la construction européenne. L’Espace pénal, ayant une existence antérieure aux attentats du 11 septembre 2001, se développe en réaction au risque de dérive sécuritaire induite par la réponse à ces attaques. S’édifiant tout au long des années 2010, la Sécurité intérieure ambitionne, quant à elle, de mettre la sécurité au centre de son action, à l’inverse du recentrage opéré par l’Espace pénal autour du dytique liberté-justice, soit deux des trois termes constitutifs de l’« espace de liberté, de sécurité et de justice » (ELSJ) institué par le traité d’Amsterdam de 1997. La recomposition (et non la décomposition) de l’ELSJ donne ainsi lieu à deux projets distincts, l’un et l’autre reposant sur des socles conceptuels qui leur sont propres. L’élaboration de l’Espace pénal s’organise autour de la relation reconnaissance-confiance mutuelles, les droits fondamentaux étant garantis par une justice fonctionnant selon une approche multi-niveaux. La Sécurité intérieure repose, quant à elle, sur l’idée que, dans un monde toujours plus instable et dangereux, il importe de mettre en place les dispositifs adéquats pour protéger et rassurer efficacement les citoyens européens.
CCL5 Promotes Resolution-Phase Macrophage Reprogramming in Concert with the Atypical Chemokine Receptor D6 and Apoptotic Polymorphonuclear Cells
Authors: Aswad Miran , Assi Simaan , Schif-Zuck Sagie , Ariel Amiram 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The engulfment of apoptotic polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) during the resolution of inflammation leads to macrophage reprogramming culminating in reduced proinflammatory and increased anti-inflammatory mediator secretion. The atypical chemokine receptor D6/ACKR2 is expressed on apoptotic PMN and plays an important role in regulating macrophage properties during and after engulfment. In this study, we found that the inflammatory chemokine CCL5 is mostly retained (75%) during the resolution of zymosan A peritonitis in mice. Moreover, this chemokine is secreted by resolution-phase macrophages (2.5 ng/ml) and promotes their reprogramming in vivo in D6+/+ mice (2-fold increase in IL-10/IL-12 ratio) but not their D6−/− counterparts. In addition, CCL5 enhanced macrophage reprogramming ex vivo exclusively when bound to D6+/+ apoptotic PMN. Signaling through p38MAPK and JNK in reprogrammed macrophages was enhanced by CCL5-bound apoptotic PMN (3.6–4 fold) in a D6-dependent manner, and was essential for reprogramming. Thus, CCL5 exerts a novel proresolving role on macrophages when acting in concert with apoptotic PMN-expressed D6.
Singular observation of a desirable change after bronchial artery embolization for hemoptysis in intracavitary aspergilloma
Authors: Prasad B P K , Ray Brijesh 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAspergillomas are fungal balls developing in pre-existing lung cavities, which are most commonly secondary to tuberculosis. Aspergillomas can cause hemoptysis due to erosion of the blood vessels in cavity walls, which can often be recurrent, massive, and life-threatening. Bronchial artery embolization is considered to be the treatment of choice for short-term control of hemoptysis, and lobectomy as the definitive treatment for aspergilloma. We present a unique observation in two cases of aspergilloma where the fungal balls disappeared radiologically after bronchial artery embolization performed for massive hemoptysis.
Scientific Publishing with Integrity: Self-plagiarism, Salami Slicing, and Copyright Infringement – Part II
Authors: Krishnan Vinod 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
Plagiarism is a serious concern in recent era, wherein one copies from others’ work without properly citing the source, making redundancy in literature. This ever-growing problem ruining scientific database can be controlled if one knows clearly about the consequences of copying from other sources. The first part of the article has dealt with the various aspects of plagiarism and this second and final part will deal with its legalities. This part will highlight the areas of self-plagiarism, copyright infringement, and the funniest part of various excuses made by people who often plagiarize.
How to cite this article
Krishnan V, Orth M. Scientific Publishing with Integrity: Self-plagiarism, Salami Slicing, and Copyright Infringement – Part II. Cons Dent Endod J 2017;2(1):1-3.
Cone Beam Computed Tomography a Noval Innovation for assessing the Canal Morphology of Maxillary First Bicuspid
Authors: Remya M , Prabath Singh VP 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
Aim
To evaluate the root canal morphology of maxillary first premolar using Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and methods
A total of 125 teeth were selected and CBCT scans were taken and following factors were recorded – number of roots, number of root canals, anatomy, and configuration of canals.

Results
Overall 88% teeth had two roots. Most frequent canal configuration was type I in 93.6%; 94.4% teeth had single canal exiting in single apical foramen.

Conclusion
Within the limitation of the study, it was concluded that among the study population, there is a high incidence of two-rooted maxillary first bicuspid with two canals with type I Vertucci canal configuration.

How to cite this article
Remya M, Singh VPP. Cone Beam Computed Tomography a Noval Innovation for assessing the Canal Morphology of Maxillary First Bicuspid. Cons Dent Endod J 2017;2(1):4-7.
Nonsurgical Management of a Central Incisor with severe Internal Resorption and an Immature Apex
Authors: Dinesh Deepak , Chacko George 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
Resorption is a pathologic process that always confuses the dentists with its varied etiologic factors and clinical presentations. Resorption can be classified into internal and external. Internal resorption lesions are notoriously difficult to manage because of their irregular and aberrant root canal anatomy. Immature apexes also possess a similar clinical challenge because of the absence of an apical stop. This article describes the nonsurgical management of a central incisor with severe internal resorption and an immature apex utilizing single-step mineral trioxide aggregate apexification along with injectable gutta-percha obturation.
How to cite this article
Dinesh D, Chacko G, Chitharanjan G. Nonsurgical Management of a Central Incisor with severe Internal Resorption and an Immature Apex. Cons Dent Endod J 2017;2(1):12-15.
External Inflammatory Root Resorption: Management of a Tooth with hopeless Prognosis
Authors: Shoba K , Abhilash R , Balan Jithin , Sreelakshmi MR 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
The treatment of external root resorption and associated periodontal defect can be challenging to the most ingenious clinician. A correct diagnosis and an understanding of the etiology and dynamics of root resorption, which is the progressive loss of dentin and cementum through action of osteoclastic cells, are critical for effective management. The article describes the management of an external root resorption in maxillary central incisor where a combined endo-perio management strategy was implemented. Cone beam computed tomography was used as an adjunctive diagnostic aid. A combined approach using biodentine for root surface repair, bone graft, collagen membrane, and platelet-rich fibrin to address the associated osseous lesion appears to be viable modality in treatment of the same. After a follow-up period of 12 months, the patient was found to be asymptomatic. Postoperative radiographs also demonstrated satisfactory bone fill and arrest of the resorptive lesion.
How to cite this article
Abhilash R, Balan J, Shoba K, Sreelakshmi MR. External Inflammatory Root Resorption: Management of a Tooth with hopeless Prognosis. Cons Dent Endod J 2017;2(1):24-27.
Local Drug Delivery as an Adjunct to Surgical Intervention in the Management of Periapical Cyst
Authors: Babu Anulekh , Chandran P Sajith , Vivekchand CU , Parackal Lija I , Jacob Susan , Simon Deepthi 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTRadicular cysts are the most common cystic lesions affecting the jaws. They arise from the epithelial remnants in the periodontal ligament as a result of the stimulus from periapical infection following pulpal necrosis. Treatment options to manage large periapical lesions range from nonsurgical root canal treatment or apical surgery to extraction. New approaches involve the use of local drug delivery systems based on microparticles/nanoparticles made from biocompatible polymers along with surgical intervention. Such devices enable the introduction of antimicrobial agents or other drugs directly in the periradicular area or inside the root canal, and the prolonged release of constant concentrations of these agents for fast and better healing. The present case report illustrates the combined endodontic and surgical management of a large periapical cyst with local drug delivery as an adjunct.How to cite this articleChandran PS, Babu A, Vivekchand CU, Parackal LI, Jacob S, Simon D. Local Drug Delivery as an Adjunct to Surgical Intervention in the Management of Periapical Cyst. Cons Dent Endod J 2017;2(1):28-31.
Management of Discolored Tooth with separated Instrument
Authors: Anilkumar Aadit , Nazar Faisal , Rajendran Ratheesh 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
Tooth discoloration commonly occurs after trauma to tooth, which leads to pulpal injury. Trauma to the pulpal blood vessel leads to hemorrhage and releases iron from hemoglobin. The iron which is released from hemoglobin combines with hydrogen sulfide to form iron sulfide, which gives the tooth its characteristic dark appearance. Tooth discoloration can be treated by nonvital tooth bleaching, if the tooth structure is intact. A combination of hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate reduces the discoloration of the tooth by a process of oxidation. During root canal preparation procedures, the common mishap that occurs is instrument separation inside the root canal. The fractured fragment in the root canal can hinder proper preparation of root canal space. Continuous pain or discomfort may result if it is not removed or bypassed. It is more conservative to bypass the fractured instrument, particularly in cases where access to the fragment is restricted (apical one-third of canal or beyond the canal curvature) and its removal may lead to excessive removal of dentin with associated sequelae.
How to cite this article
Rajendran R, Nair KR, Kuriakose MC, Anilkumar A, Nazar F. Management of Discolored Tooth with separated Instrument. Cons Dent Endod J 2017;2(1):36-39.
The Path to CAM6: Coupled Simulations with CAM5.4 and
CAM5.5
Authors: Bogenschutz Peter A. , Gettelman Andrew , Hannay Cecile , Larson Vincent E. , Neale Richard B. , Craig Cheryl , Chen Chih-Chieh 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. This paper documents coupled simulations of two developmental versions of the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) towards CAM6. The configuration called CAM5.4 introduces new microphysics, aerosol, and ice nucleation changes, among others to CAM. The CAM5.5 configuration represents a more radical departure as it uses an assumed PDF-based unified cloud parameterization to replace the turbulence, shallow convection, and warm cloud macrophysics in CAM. This assumed PDF method has been widely used in the last decade in atmosphere-only climate simulations, but has never been documented in coupled mode. Here we compare the simulated coupled climates of CAM5.4 and CAM5.5 and compare them to the control coupled simulation produced by CAM5.3. We find that CAM5.5 has lower cloud forcing biases when compared to the control simulations. Improvements are also seen in the simulated amplitude of the El Niño 3.4 index, an improved representation of the diurnal cycle of precipitation, sub-tropical surface wind stresses, and double Intertropical Convergence zone biases. Degradations are seen in Amazon precipitation as well as slightly colder sea surface temperatures and thinner Arctic Sea Ice. Simulation of the 20th century results in a credible simulation that ends slightly colder than the control coupled simulation. The authors find this is due to aerosol indirect effects that are slightly stronger in the new version of the model and propose a solution to ameliorate this. Overall, in these relatively untuned coupled simulations, CAM5.5 produces a credible climate that is appropriate for science applications and is ready for integration into the National Center for Atmospheric Research's (NCAR's) next generation climate model.
The analogue method for precipitation prediction: finding better analogue situations at a sub-daily time step
Authors: Horton Pascal , Obled Charles , Jaboyedoff Michel 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Analogue methods (AMs) predict local weather variables (predictands) such as precipitation by means of a statistical relationship with predictors at a synoptic scale. The analogy is generally assessed on gradients of geopotential heights first to sample days with a similar atmospheric circulation. Other predictors such as moisture variables can also be added in a successive level of analogy. The search for candidate situations similar to a given target day is usually undertaken by comparing the state of the atmosphere at fixed hours of the day for both the target day and the candidate analogues. This is a consequence of using standard daily precipitation time series, which are available over longer periods than sub-daily data. However, it is unlikely for the best analogy to occur at the exact same hour for the target and candidate situations. A better analogue situation may be found with a time shift of several hours since a better fit can occur at different times of the day. In order to assess the potential for finding better analogues at a different hour, a moving time window (MTW) has been introduced. The MTW resulted in a better analogy in terms of the atmospheric circulation and showed improved values of the analogy criterion on the entire distribution of the extracted analogue dates. The improvement was found to increase with the analogue rank due to an accumulation of better analogues in the selection. A seasonal effect has also been identified, with larger improvements shown in winter than in summer. This may be attributed to stronger diurnal cycles in summer that favour predictors taken at the same hour for the target and analogue days. The impact of the MTW on the precipitation prediction skill has been assessed by means of a sub-daily precipitation series transformed into moving 24 h totals at 12, 6, and 3 h time steps. The prediction skill was improved by the MTW, as was the reliability of the prediction. Moreover, the improvements were greater for days with heavy precipitation, which are generally related to more dynamic atmospheric situations in which the timing is more specific and for which fewer records are available in the meteorological archive. The improvements of the analogy criterion and the performance scores on precipitation were both found to be higher for MTWs with a smaller time step of 3 h. A 3 h MTW provides 8 times more candidate situations even though they are not fully independent. Since the MTW provides additional situations to the pool of possible analogues, it can be considered as an inflation of the meteorological archive. Because this technique is simple and easily applicable, it should be considered for several applications in different contexts, such as operational forecasting or climate-related studies.
Voter policy emphasis and party electoral manifestos: Assessing parties’ reflections of voter policy shifts in the 2010 and 2013 Czech parliamentary elections
Authors: Homolková Lenka 
Published: July 2017

The party manifesto is a crucial document identifying a party’s ideological position. Measuring the response of political party manifestos to both the mean voter as well as party constituency positions remains extensively difficult given the lack of available data, but also the complex political realities and factors which the parties must take into consideration e.g. the economy, globalization, the demands of the market, and pressure from rival parties. In spite of these complexities, this article analyses the extent to which political parties reflect voter policy emphasis in their political manifestos. Through the content analysis of electoral manifestos the article determines the policy positions of Czech political parties during the 2010 and 2013 elections to the Lower House of the Parliament. Identifying also key voter policy preferences the article looks into the possible congruence between shifts in voter emphasis and changes in party electoral manifestos. Employing an approach not yet fully applied in academic research, the article examines shifts within ideological space, while focusing also on specific key policy areas. It concludes that in the short term – from the 2010 to 2013 parliamentary elections in the Czech Republic - political parties responded to shifts in voter policy emphasis in just one quarter of cases. The responsiveness differed significantly from one party to another.