Aset Mata Pencaharian dan Efisiensi Model Rantai Pasok-Rantai Nilai Perikanan Tangkap Pelagis Kecil Masyarakat Pesisir Pulau Saparua
Authors: Oppier Hermi , Ramly Fahruddin , Matdoan Arsad , Hahury Hendri D 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aset mata pencaharian dan efisiensi model rantai pasok dan rantai nilai perikanan tangkap pelagis kecil masyarakat pesisir Pulau Saparua. Penelitian ini memadukan metode kuantitatif dengan desain survei. Data primer dikumpulkan dari penelitian lapangan melalui wawancara mendalam dan focus group Discussion (FGD), sedangkan data sekunder dikumpulkan dari instansi terkait, jurnal, dan laporan. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis aset penghidupan dan analisis kinerja rantai pasok. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa, masyarakat pesisir Pulau Saparua memiliki keberagaman aset matapencaharian, antara lain aset alam, aset manusia, aset fisik, aset sosial dan aset keuangan. Namun, diantara kelima aset matapencaharian tersebut yang memiliki kontribusi besar terhadap matapencahariannya adalah aset alam dan aset sosial. Sementara, efisiensi model rantai pasok-rantai nilai menunjukan bahwa, semakin pendek rantai pemasaran maka biaya pemasaran atau produksi, margin pemasaran, harga yang dibayar konsumen akan semakin rendah, namun harga yang diterima produsen akan semakin tinggi. Kegiatan pemasaran dapat dikatakan berhasil jika didukung oleh daya beli konsumen yang tinggi dan distribusi yang baik. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat dua rantai pemasaran pendek yang efisien dengan hanya dua pelaku (nelayan – pedagang pengumpul dan nelayan – pengecer/perempuan papalele). Namun kedua rantai pemasaran tersebut harus diperlakukan secara berbeda, dimana rantai pemasaran pertama memiliki nilai efektivitas yang lebih rendah dibandingkan rantai pemasaran berikutnya. Title: Livelihoods Assets and The Efficiency of Supply Chain-Value Chain Model of Small Pelagic Capture Fisheries of Coastal Communities of Saparua Island This study aims to investigate livelihoods assets and the effectiveness of supply chain and value chain model of small pelagic capture fisheries of coastal communities of Saparua Island. This study combined a quantitative method using a survey design. The primary data was collected from field research using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs), while the secondary data was collected from related agencies, jurnals, and reports. The data was analyzed using livelihood asset analysis and supply chain performance analysis. The results show that the coastal communities of Saparua Island have a diversity of livelihood assets, including natural assets, human assets, physical assets, social assets and financial assets. However, among the five livelihood assets that have a major contribution to livelihoods are natural assets and social assets. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of the supply chain-value chain model shows that the lower the marketing or production costs, marketing margin, consumer prices paid, but the producer prices received would be higher. The marketing activities could be considered successful if they were supported by a high customer purchasing power and proper distribution. This study concludes that there were two effective short marketing chains with only two actors (fishermen – collecting traders and fishermen – retailers / papalele women). The two marketing chains, however, must be treated differently, with the former having a lower effectiveness value than the later.