bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Mortality in Elder Patients With Proximal Humeral Fracture
Authors: Myeroff Chad M. , Anderson Jeffrey P. , Sveom Daniel S. , Switzer Julie A. 
Published: August 2017

Background: Known possible consequences of proximal humerus fractures include impaired shoulder function, decreased independence, and increased risk for mortality. The purpose of this report is to describe the survival and independence of elderly patients with fractures of the proximal humerus, treated in our institution, relative to patient characteristics and treatment method. Methods: Retrospective cohort study from 2006 to 2012. Setting: Community-based hospital with level 1 designation. Patients/Participants: Three hundred nineteen patients ≥60 years who presented to the emergency department with an isolated fracture of the proximal humerus were either admitted to the inpatient ward for the organization and provision of immediate definitive care or discharged with the expectation of coordination of their care as an outpatient. Treatment was nonoperative or operative. Outcome Measures: One- and 2-year mortality. Results: Significant predictors of mortality at 1 year included Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI; continuous, hazard ratio [HR] = 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-1.86), body mass index (BMI; <25 vs ≥25; HR = 3.43; 95% CI: 1.45-8.14), and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) disease severity score (3-4 vs 1-2; HR = 4.48; 95% CI: 1.21-16.55). In addition to CCI and BMI, reliance on a cane/walker/wheelchair at the time of fracture predicted mortality at 2 years (vs unassisted ambulation; HR = 3.13; 95% CI: 1.59-5.88). Although the Neer classification of fracture severity significantly correlated with inpatient admission ( P < .001), it was not significantly associated with mortality or with loss of living or ambulatory independence. Among admitted patients, 64% were discharged to a facility with a higher level of care than their prefracture living facility. Twenty percent of study patients experienced a loss in ambulatory status by at least 1 level at 1 year postfracture. Conclusion: In a cohort of elderly patients with fractures of the proximal humerus, patient characteristics including comorbidities, ASA classification, and lower BMI were associated with increased mortality. Specifically, those admitted at the time of fracture and treated nonoperatively had the highest mortality rate and, likely, represent the frailest cohort. Those initially treated as outpatients and later treated operatively had the lowest mortality and, likely, represent the healthiest cohort. These data are inherently biased by prefracture comorbidities but help stratify our patients’ mortality risk at the time of injury.
Importance of serial changes in biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Sokai Akihiko , Tanizawa Kiminobu , Handa Tomohiro , Kanatani Kumiko , Kubo Takeshi , Ikezoe Kohei , Nakatsuka Yoshinari , Tokuda Shinsaku , Oga Toru , Hirai Toyohiro , Nagai Sonoko , Chin Kazuo , Mishima Michiaki 
Published: August 2017

The clinical significance of serial changes in serum biomarkers in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains to be established. This retrospective study was conducted to clarify the associations of serial changes in serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) and surfactant protein-D (SP-D) with changes in physiological indices and overall mortality in IPF.The study subjects were 75 patients with IPF. The 6 month change in serum KL-6 was significantly correlated with changes in the percentage of the predicted forced vital capacity (FVC % pred) and the percentage of the predicted diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (%DLCO), while the 6 month change in serum SP-D was correlated only with %DLCO. During the mean follow-up period of 647 days, 22 (29.3%) patients died. An increase in serum KL-6 over a 6 month period was a significant predictor of mortality even after adjustment for %FVC, %DLCOand serum KL-6 at the baseline (hazard ratio 1.10 per 100 U·mL−1, 95% CI 1.01–1.18, p=0.03), whereas the 6 month increase in serum SP-D was not significant.Serial measurements of serum KL-6 may provide additional prognostic information compared to that provided by physiological parameters in patients with IPF.
Using the Appraisal framework to analyze source use in essays: a case study of engagement and dialogism in two undergraduate students’ writing
Authors: Mori Miki 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA key element of academic writing involves incorporation of external voices, which is a complex rhetorical and linguistic task. Student writers must face this challenge of using sources to strengthen their own arguments. Appraisal, specifically Engagement, provides a useful framework for analyzing source use in texts, as it considers evaluation and dialogic voicing. This article describes a semi-ethnographic case study that contrasts two undergraduate writers and their writing drafts. Results show similarities and differences based on the linguistic abilities of the students and their experience in writing, but overall improvement in terms of dialogic voicing in the final drafts. Applications to research and instruction for ESL and mainstream writing are discussed.
Low-frequency acoustic signal created by rising air-gun bubble
Authors: Wehner Daniel , Landrø Martin 
Published: August 2017

In the seismic industry, there is increasing interest in generating and recording low frequencies, which leads to better data quality and can be important for full-waveform inversion. The air gun is a seismic source with a signal that consists of the (1) main impulse, (2) oscillating bubble, and (3) rising of this air bubble. However, there has been little investigation of the third characteristic. We have studied a low-frequency signal that could be created by the rising air bubble and find the contribution to the low-frequency content in seismic acquisition. We use a simple theory and modeling of rising spheres in water and compute the acoustic signal created by this effect. We conduct tank and field experiments with a submerged buoy that is released from different depths and record the acoustic signal with hydrophones along the rising path. The experiments simulate the signal from the rising bubble separated from the other two effects (1 and 2). Furthermore, we use data recorded below a single air gun fired at different depths to investigate if we can observe the proposed signal. We find that the rising bubble creates a low-frequency signal. Compared with the main impulse and the oscillating bubble effect of an air-gun signal, the contribution of the rising bubble is weak, on the order of 1/900 depending on the bubble size. By using large air-gun arrays tuned to create one big bubble, the contribution of the signal can be increased. The enhanced signal can be important for deep targets or basin exploration because the low-frequency signal is less attenuated.
Teaching Use of Binary Variables in Integer Linear Programs: Formulating Logical Conditions
Authors: Stevens Scott P. , Palocsay Susan W. 
Published: August 2017

Binary variables are often needed in linear programming models to indicate whether particular alternatives should be implemented and to impose logical relations among decisions. However, it is usually not obvious to students how to use binary variables to transform conditional statements of logic into linear relations. We propose to address this difficulty with a simple two-step approach. It provides rules for decomposing a conditional requirement into a group of elementary implications and then translating each of these into linear constraints. Pre- and post-test results from a sample of undergraduate business students are presented to support the effectiveness of this pedagogical approach. Supplemental files available online at https://doi.org/10.1287/ited.2017.0177 .
CEO Confidence and Unreported R&D
Authors: Koh Ping-Sheng , Reeb David M. , Zhao Wanli 
Published: August 2017

We investigate whether managerial traits influence corporate decisions to provide mandatory financial disclosures. The results indicate that firms with confident chief executive officers (CEOs) are 24% more likely to report their research and development (R&D) expenditures relative to firms with cautious CEOs. Exploiting staggered, state-level regulatory shocks and changes in CEO type, we find substantial evidence that cautious CEO firms fail to report R&D expenditures. After a plausibly exogenous shock to managerial reporting liability, cautious CEO firms exhibit a 35% larger reduction in unreported R&D relative to confident CEO firms. Interestingly, confident CEO firms do not exhibit more innovation than their cautious CEO counterparts after taking into account their differing propensities to report corporate R&D. Overall, our analysis suggests that the precision or reliability of mandatory disclosures systematically varies with managerial characteristics. The Internet appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2809 . This paper was accepted by Amit Seru, finance.
Mid-term outcomes of 77 modular radial head prostheses
Authors: Laumonerie P. , Reina N. , Ancelin D. , Delclaux S. , Tibbo M. E. , Bonnevialle N. , Mansat P. 
Published: August 2017

Aims Radial head arthroplasty (RHA) may be used in the treatment of non-reconstructable radial head fractures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mid-term clinical and radiographic results of RHA. Patients and Methods Between 2002 and 2014, 77 RHAs were implanted in 54 men and 23 women with either acute injuries (54) or with traumatic sequelae (23) of a fracture of the radial head. Four designs of RHA were used, including the Guepar (Small Bone Innovations (SBi)/Stryker; 36), Evolutive (Aston Medical; 24), rHead RECON (SBi/Stryker; ten) or rHead STANDARD (SBi/Stryker; 7) prostheses. The mean follow-up was 74.0 months (standard deviation (sd) 38.6; 24 to 141). The indication for further surgery, range of movement, mean Mayo Elbow Performance (MEP) score, quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (quickDASH) score, osteolysis and positioning of the implant were also assessed according to the design, and acute or delayed use. Results The mean MEP and quickDASH scores were 90.2 (sd 14; 45 to 100), and 14.0 points (sd 12; 1.2 to 52.5), respectively. There were no significant differences between RHA performed in acute or delayed fashion. There were 30 re-operations (19 with, and 11 without removal of the implant) during the first three post-operative years. Painful loosening was the primary indication for removal in 14 patients. Short-stemmed prostheses (16 mm to 22 mm in length) were also associated with an increased risk of painful loosening (odds ratio 3.54 (1.02 to 12.2), p = 0.045). Radiocapitellar instability was the primary indication for re-operation with retention of the implant (5). The overall survival of the RHA, free from re-operation, was 60.8% (sd 5.7%) at ten years. Conclusion Bipolar and press-fit RHA gives unsatisfactory mid-term outcomes in the treatment of acute fractures of the radial head or their sequelae. The outcome may vary according to the design of the implant. The rate of re-operation during the first three years is predictive of the long-term survival in tight-fitting RHAs. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B1197–1203.
Early patient-reported outcomes versus objective function after total hip and knee arthroplasty
Authors: Luna I. E. , Kehlet H. , Peterson B. , Wede H. R. , Hoevsgaard S. J. , Aasvang E. K. 
Published: August 2017

Aims The purpose of this study was to assess early physical function after total hip or knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA), and the correlation between patient-reported outcome measures, physical performance and actual physical activity (measured by actigraphy). Patients and Methods A total of 80 patients aged 55 to 80 years undergoing THA or TKA for osteoarthritis were included in this prospective cohort study. The main outcome measure was change in patient reported hip or knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (HOOS/KOOS) from pre-operatively until post-operative day 13 (THA) or 20 (TKA). Secondary measures were correlations to objectively assessed change in physical performance (paced-walk, chair-stand, stair-climb tests) at day 14 (THA) or 21 (TKA) and actual physical activity (actigraphy) measured at day 12 and 13 (THA) or 19 and 20 (TKA). Results Patients reported improved physical function (HOOS or KOOS) pre-operatively until day 13 (THA) or 20 (TKA) with a mean difference of 7 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1 to 13, p = 0.033) and 6 (95% CI 1 to 12, p = 0.033) percentage points, respectively. By contrast, objectively assessed physical function and activity declined, with no correlations between subjective and objective assessments for either THA or TKA patients (r2 ≤ 0.16, p ≥ 0.314). Conclusions Early improvement in patient-reported physical function after THA/TKA does not correlate with objectively assessed function, and patient reported outcomes should not be used as the only measure of recovery. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1167–75
Medial elbow pain
Authors: Barco Raul , Antuña Samuel A. 
Published: August 2017

Medial elbow pain is uncommon when compared with lateral elbow pain. Medial epicondylitis is an uncommon diagnosis and can be confused with other sources of pain. Overhead throwers and workers lifting heavy objects are at increased risk of medial elbow pain. Differential diagnosis includes ulnar nerve disorders, cervical radiculopathy, injured ulnar collateral ligament, altered distal triceps anatomy or joint disorders. Children with medial elbow pain have to be assessed for ‘Little League elbow’ and fractures of the medial epicondyle following a traumatic event. This paper is primarily focused on the differential diagnosis of medial elbow pain with basic recommendations on treatment strategies.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2:362-371. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160006
A genealogy of computer-generated narrative
Authors: Rose Ellen 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Responding to contemporary representations of computer-generated writing, which depict it as an inevitable and evolutionary development, this Foucauldian genealogy explores discourses on the digital production of narrative from the 1980s to the present, detailing the ways in which programmers, authors and scholars have negotiated different ways of thinking about what digital storymaking is and what ends it should serve. This article also inquires into the implications these competing views on computer-generated narrative have for readers, writers, computer users and society as a whole.
Battle jackets, authenticity and ‘material individuality’
Authors: Cardwell Tom 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
This article will consider the significance and meaning of battle jackets within the context of metal subcultures. Beginning with a summary of the history of the practice of customizing jackets by metal fans, ideas of personal subcultural identity and authenticity will then be used to more fully understand the importance of the jackets to those who make and wear them. Consideration of the importance of identity in jacket making will be given in terms of David Muggleton’s concept of ‘distinctive individuality’, whilst Sarah Thornton’s ‘subcultural capital’ and ideas of ‘insider’ hierarchies will be referred to in the discussion of authenticity. The final section will survey some of the practices of customization used by fans in constructing jackets to consider their visual and material aspects using Richard Sennett’s ‘material consciousness’. Following this, the term ‘material individuality’ is proposed to describe jacket practices through bridging the various theories discussed. Observations are drawn from interviews with jacket wearers conducted between July 2014 and June 2015 at ‘Sonisphere’ and ‘Bloodstock’ music festivals, United Kingdom, and at the ‘Modern Heavy Metal Conference 2015’, Helsinki, Finland, as well as from my own experiences within metal subculture.
Synthesis and photodegradation studies of analogues of muscle relaxant 1,4-dihydropyridine compounds
Authors: Gündüz Miyase Gözde , Ragno Gaetano , Şimşek Rahime , De Luca Michele , Şafak Cihat , Grande Fedora , El-Khouly Ahmed , İşli Fatma , Yildirim Şeniz , Öztürk Fincan Gökçe Sevim , Ioele Giuseppina 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine compounds (DHPs) endowed with good muscle relaxant activity and stability to light. Six new condensed DHPs were synthesized by the microwave irradiation method. A long-chain ester moiety [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] and various substituents on the phenyl ring were demonstrated to affect the muscle relaxant activity occurring in isolated rabbit gastric fundus smooth muscle strips. Forced photodegradation conditions were applied to the molecules according to the ICH rules. The degradation profile of the drugs was monitored by spectrophotometry coupled with the multivariate curve resolution technique. Formation of the oxidized pyridine derivative was observed for all the studied DHPs, except for one compound, which showed very fast degradation and formation of a second photo-product. Pharmacological tests on the molecules showed a good muscle relaxing effect, with a mechanism similar to that of nifedipine, however, proving to be more stable to light.
Dimensionen der Bildlichkeit im Marienpreis
Authors: Marshall Sophie 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
In Middle High German Marian poetry, one finds chains of metaphors describing and praising the Virgin. This article shows that not only the paradigmatic dimension of these images, i.e. their being connected by their meaning (Mary) in the dimension of Roman Jakobson’s axis of selection, but also their syntagmatic dimension in their concrete order is of great importance: it can generate a sujet. The Marian Song of Melk and Konrad’s von Würzburg ›Goldene Schmiede‹ display the miracle of Mary’s conception in a narrative syntagma of the tropes. In Konrad’s prologue, this is linked with the inspiration of the poet who becomes equal to the fruitful Mother of God.
Iranian English Language Learners’ Attitude towards their Accent in English Language: An Ecological Approach
Authors: Rajablou Farzaneh , Shirvan Majid Elahi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWith the spread of English around the world and the recognition of English as a lingua franca (ELF), a large number of studies have investigated the attitudes of learners towards different varieties of English as well as their related accents. However, this attitude towards L1 accented English within the context of Iran has not been explored yet. Thus, the present study ecologically investigated the attitudes of Iranian English as Foreign Language (EFL) learners towards their L1-accented English based on Bronfenbrenner’s (1993) nested ecosystems model consisting of micro-, meso-, exo-, and macro-systems. To do this, a triangulation of data collection using an attitudinal questionnaire distributed among 157 respondents (118 female and 39 male) and semi-structured interviews with 60 participants (38 female and 22 male) were collected. The findings indicated a dominant emerging pattern of preference for native-like accent within the ecology of Iran along with the acknowledgement of L1 accented English. Maintaining linguistic security and self-confidence as well as teachers’ role and materials used within the microsystem of the class, learners’ background experiences within the mesosystem, policies of English language institutes at the exosystem, and the public view towards accent at the macrosystem contributed to the emerging pattern of preference for native-like accent within the context of Iran.
Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) may be superior to C-reactive protein (CRP) for predicting the occurrence of differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Ozmen S , Timur O , Calik I , Altinkaynak K , Simsek E , Gozcu H , Arslan A , Carlioglu A 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Objectives. NLR (neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio) and PLR (platelet-lymphocyte ratio) are prognostic markers of differentiated thyroid cancers. In our study, we evaluated NLR, PLR and C-reactive protein (CRP) for predicting the occurence of differentiated thyroid cancer. This is the first study that compares NLR and PLR to C-reactive protein indifferantiated thyroid cancer not only papillary cancer but also folliculer cancer.

Methods. This study includes 51 papillary carcinoma, 42 papillary microcarcinoma and 31 folliculer carcinoma patients attending to our outpatient Endocrinology Clinic at Erzurum Region Training and Research Hospital between 2009 and 2014. The control group include 50 age, sex and body mass index matched healty subjects. Blood counts and CRP were measured at the day before surgery. Thyroglobulin was measured after 6 months of operation.

Results. There were positive correlations between tumor diameter, age, white blood cell (WBC) and thyroglobulin levels. There were also positive correlation between NLR, PLR and CRP levels.

Conclusion. In our study, we found out that higher NLR and PLR was associated with higher levels of thyroglobulin which indicates worse survival. CRP levels were also associated with poorer tumor profile but the determining rate was lower according to ROC analysis
Can regular moderate exercise lead to changes in miRNA-146a and its adapter proteins in the kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats?
Authors: Oghbaei H , Ahmadi Asl N , Sheikhzadeh F 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Objective. The aim of this study was to assess whether microRNA-146a and its adapter proteins TNF receptor associated factor6 (TRAF6) and interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-1 (IRAK1) may be changed in the kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, following regular moderate exercise.

Methods. Forty adult male Wistar rats were allocated randomly into four groups (n=10), including sedentary control (SC), sedentary diabetic (SD), healthy sixty-day exercise (H60E), and diabetic sixty-day exercise (D60E) groups. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin. After 48 h, blood glucose levels >250 mg/dl was included to diabetic rats. After 2 days of diabetes induction, the exercise protocol began. Animals were exposed to 5 days of consecutive treadmill exercise for 60 min/day with the 22 m/min speed for 60 days. The kidneys of the rats were removed and microRNA was extracted from them using the miRCURYTM RNA isolation kit.

Results. In diabetic rats, statistical analysis revealed a significant decrease in miR-146a expression, non-significant decrease in IRAK1 mRNA expression, and non-significant increase in TRAF6 and NF-kB mRNA expression compared to the SC group. Exercise led to a non-significant increase in the expression of miR-146a and NF-kB mRNA in the kidneys of the diabetic group as compared to the SD group, significant increase in TRAF6 and IRAK1 mRNA expression compared to the H60E group, and significant increase in TRAF6 mRNA expression compared to the SD group.

Conclusion. The present data indicate that exercise might be able to help in the prevention in the diabetic nephropathy development.