bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing statistical evaluation of multiclass classification in diagnostic radiology: a study of the two-parameter multidimensional nominal response model
Authors: Nishio Mizuho , Ota Eiji 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
This study aimed to enhance the multidimensional nominal response model (MDNRM) for multiclass classification in diagnostic radiology.

Materials and Methods
This retrospective study involved the extension of the conventional nominal response model (NRM) to create the two-parameter MDNRM (2PL-MDNRM). Seven models of MDNRM, including the original MDNRM and subtypes of 2PL-MDNRM, were employed to estimate test-takers’ abilities and test item complexity. These models were applied to a clinical diagnostic radiology dataset. Rhat values were calculated to evaluate model convergence. Additionally, values of the widely applicable information criterion (wAIC) and Pareto-smoothed importance sampling leave-one-out cross-validation (LOO) were calculated to evaluate the goodness of fit of the seven models. The best-performing model was selected based on the values of wAIC and LOO. Probability of direction (PD) was used to evaluate whether one estimated parameter significantly differed.

Results
All estimated parameters across the seven models demonstrated Rhat values below 1.10, indicating stable convergence. The best wAIC and LOO values (988 and 1,121, respectively) were achieved with 2PL-MDNRMr using the truncated normal distribution and 2PL-MDNRMa using the truncated normal distribution. Notably, one test-taker (radiologist) exhibited significantly superior ability compared to another based on PD results from the best models, while no significant difference was observed in nonoptimal models.

Conclusion
2PL-MDNRM successfully achieved parameter estimation convergence, and its superiority over the original MDNRM was demonstrated through wAIC and LOO values.
Impact of foam rolling with and without vibration on muscle oxidative metabolism and microvascular reactivity
Authors: Huang Haizhen , Leng Bin , Zhang Chuan 
Published: October 2024

Background and Purpose
There is a growing interest in use vibration foam rolling as a warm up and recovery tool. However, whether vibration foam rolling offers additional benefits to traditional foam rolling is unclear. The current study aims to compare the effects of acute foam rolling, with and without vibration, on skeletal muscle metabolism and microvascular reactivity.

Methods
Fifteen physically active young males were tested on two different days, with gastrocnemius muscle microvascular function assessed using near-infrared spectroscopy coupled with the post-occlusive reactive hyperemia technique, before and after foam rolling, performed with or without vibration. The slope of tissue saturation index (TSI) decrease during occlusion between 120 s to 150 s (TSI occlusion slope) was assessed for muscle metabolic rate. Three commonly used microvascular function indexes, including the first10s TSI slope after occlusion (TSI10), time for TSI to reach half of peak magnitude (TSI1/2), and TSI peak reactive hyperemia, were also assessed.

Results
None of the measured indexes showed significance for interaction or method (all p > 0.05). However, there was a main effect for time for TSI occlusion slope, TSI1/2, and TSI peak reactive hyperemia (p = 0.005, 0.034 and 0.046, respectively). No main effect for time for TSI10 was detected (p = 0.963).

Conclusions
The application of foam rolling can decrease muscle metabolism, and may improve some aspects of muscle microvascular function. However, vibration foam rolling does not seem to offer any additional benefits compared to traditional foam rolling alone.
Assessment of Different Germplasm of Aglaonema for Pot and Removal of Prticulate Matter in Air
Authors: R Yukthamukhi , Singh Alka , Nikhitha  , S R Anusha , Shah HP , Chaudhary A. P. 
Published: October 2024

The aim of the experiment is to screen twelve germplasm of Aglaonema for their suitability as pot plants and removal of particulate matter in air. The experiment was designed using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) at the greenhouse complex of the Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, ASPEE College of Horticulture, Navsari (Gujarat), during 2023-24. Morphological parameters were measured using various methods, including a measuring tape for plant height, a digital leaf area meter for leaf area, and manual counting for leaves and branches. Leaf color was evaluated on visual grading system and the RHS Colour Chart (2015), to assess visual appeal and characteristics and percent removal of particulate matter (PM) by the plant was measured using digital air quality index meter. Aglaonema ‘Emerald Bay’ exhibited maximum plant height (73.18 cm), leaf area (311.66 cm²), leaf length (39.28 cm), leaf width (15.26 cm), internodal length (3.43 cm) and visual leaf colour grade (4.88) and dark green leaf colour (137A) as per RHS colour chart followed by Aglaonema commutatum with the plant height (69.58 cm), leaf area (298.09cm²), leaf length (34.28 cm), leaf width (11.10 cm), internodal length (3.34 cm) and visual leaf colour grade (4.80) and dark green leaf colour (139 A) . Maximum number of leaves were recorded in Aglaonema 'Cutlass' (43.90), while maximum number of branches per plant were observed in Aglaonema brevispathum (13.56). Aglaonema ‘Emarald Bay’ showed the maximum removal rate of PM1 per 24 hours (92.16%) followed by Aglaonema commutatum (85.97%). Among all the germplasms, Aglaonema 'Emarald Bay' and Aglaonema commutatum have been highly suitable as pot plant owing to its good plant height, leaf area and their efficiency in removal of PM1.
Impact of Obesity and Adiposity on Inflammatory Markers in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: George Michael D. , Giles Jon T. , Katz Patricia P. , England Bryant R. , Mikuls Ted R. , Michaud Kaleb , Ogdie‐Beatty Alexis R. , Ibrahim Said , Cannon Grant W. , Caplan Liron , Sauer Brian C. , Baker Joshua F. 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveThe C‐reactive protein (CRP) level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) are important disease activity biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to determine to what extent obesity biases these biomarkers.MethodsBody mass index (BMI) associations withCRPlevel andESRwere assessed in 2RAcohorts: the cross‐sectional Body Composition (BC) cohort (n = 451), including whole‐body dual x‐ray absorptiometry measures of fat mass index; and the longitudinal Veterans Affairs Rheumatoid Arthritis (VARA) registry (n = 1,652), using multivariable models stratified by sex. For comparison, associations were evaluated in the general population using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.ResultsAmong women withRAand in the general population, greaterBMIwas associated with greaterCRPlevels, especially among women with severe obesity (P< 0.001 forBMI≥35 kg/m2versus 20–25 kg/m2). This association remained after adjustment for joint counts and patient global health scores (P< 0.001 inBCandP< 0.01 inVARA), but was attenuated after adjustment for fat mass index (P= 0.17). Positive associations betweenBMIandESRin women were more modest. In men withRA, lowerBMIwas associated with higherCRPlevels andESR, contrasting with positive associations among men in the general population.ConclusionObesity is associated with higherCRPlevels andESRin women withRA. This association is related to fat mass and notRAdisease activity. LowBMIis associated with higherCRPlevels in men withRA; this unexpected finding remains incompletely explained but likely is not a direct effect of adiposity.
Two‐Dimensional Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Next‐Generation Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Mei Jun , Liao Ting , Kou Liangzhi , Sun Ziqi 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe exponential increase in research focused on two‐dimensional (2D) metal oxides has offered an unprecedented opportunity for their use in energy conversion and storage devices, especially for promising next‐generation rechargeable batteries, such as lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium‐ion batteries (NIBs), as well as some post‐lithium batteries, including lithium–sulfur batteries, lithium–air batteries, etc. The introduction of well‐designed 2D metal oxide nanomaterials into next‐generation rechargeable batteries has significantly enhanced the performance of these energy‐storage devices by providing higher chemically active interfaces, shortened ion‐diffusion lengths, and improved in‐plane carrier‐/charge‐transport kinetics, which have greatly promoted the development of nanotechnology and the practical application of rechargeable batteries. Here, the recent progress in the application of 2D metal oxide nanomaterials in a series of rechargeable LIBs, NIBs, and other post lithium‐ion batteries is reviewed relatively comprehensively. Current opportunities and future challenges for the application of 2D nanomaterials in energy‐storage devices to achieve high energy density, high power density, stable cyclability, etc. are summarized and outlined. It is believed that the integration of 2D metal oxide nanomaterials in these clean energy devices offers great opportunities to address challenges driven by increasing global energy demands.
Catalytic Generation of Donor‐Acceptor Cyclopropanes under N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Activation and their Stereoselective Reaction with Alkylideneoxindoles
Authors: Prieto Liher , Sánchez‐Díez Eduardo , Uria Uxue , Reyes Efraím , Carrillo Luisa , Vicario Jose L. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFormylcyclopropanes undergo activation in the presence of an N‐heterocyclic carbene catalyst generating a donor‐acceptor cyclopropane intermediate with the ability to undergo ring‐opening followed by formal [4+2] cycloaddition with alkylideneoxindoles. This enables the direct enantio‐ and diastereoselective synthesis of tetrahydropyrano[2,3‐b]indoles through the use of a chiral NHC catalyst.magnified image
Rhodium‐Catalyzed meta‐C−H Functionalization of Arenes
Authors: Bera Milan , Agasti Soumitra , Chowdhury Rajdip , Mondal Rahul , Pal Debasis , Maiti Debabrata 
Published: April 2017

AbstractRhodium‐catalyzed ortho‐C−H functionalization is well known in the literature. Described herein is the Xphos‐supported rhodium catalysis of meta‐C−H olefination of benzylsulfonic acid and phenyl acetic acid frameworks with the assistance of a para‐methoxy‐substituted cyano phenol as the directing group. Complete mono‐selectivity is observed for both scaffolds. A wide range of olefins and functional groups attached to arene are tolerated in this protocol.
Synthesis and characterization of a surface imprinting silica gel polymer functionalized with phosphonic acid groups for selective adsorption of Fe(III) from aqueous solution
Authors: He Hongxing , Gan Qiang , Feng Changgen 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTA Fe(III) ion‐imprinted silica gel polymer functionalized with phosphonic acid groups (IIP‐PA/SiO2) was prepared with surface imprinting technique by using Fe(III) ion as template ion, grafted silica gel as support, and vinylphosphonic acid as functional monomer. The polymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, and thermogravimetric analysis. The synthesized imprinted silica gel polymer was used as a sorbent for Fe(III) adsorption. The adsorption properties, such as the effect of solution pH, adsorption kinetic, adsorption isotherm, adsorption selectivity as well as the regeneration of sorbent were studied. The results showd that the prepared sorbent (IIP‐PA/SiO2) had a short adsorption equilibrium time (12 min) and high adsorption capacity (29.92 mg g−1) for Fe(III) at the optimal pH of 2.0. The selectivity coefficients of the sorbent for Fe(III) in presence of Cr(III), Mn(II), and Zn(II) were 51.76, 27.86, and 207. 76, respectively. Moreover, the adsorption capacity of the prepared sorbent did not decrease significantly after six repeated use. Thus, the prepared ion‐imprinted silica gel polymer was a promising candidate sorbent for the selective adsorption of Fe(III) from aqueous solutions. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45165.
Copper(I)‐Mediated Denitrogenative Macrocyclization for the Synthesis of Cyclic α3β‐Tetrapeptide Analogues
Authors: Chen Chun‐Chi , Wang Sheng‐Fu , Su Yung‐Yu , Lin Yuya A. , Lin Po‐Chiao 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA copper(I)‐mediated denitrogenative reaction has been successfully developed for the preparation of cyclic tetrapeptides. The key reactive intermediate, ketenimine, triggers intramolecular cyclization through attack of the terminal amine group to generate an internal β‐amino acid with an amidine linkage. The chemistry developed herein provides a new synthetic route for the preparation of cyclic α3β‐tetrapeptide analogues that contain important biological properties and results in rich structural information being obtained for conformational studies. With the success of this copper(I)‐catalyzed macrocyclization, two histone deacetylase inhibitor analogues consisting of the cyclic α3β‐tetrapeptide framework have been successfully synthesized.
Risk management consideration in the bioeconomy
Authors: de Assis Camilla Abbati , Gonzalez Ronalds , Kelley Stephen , Jameel Hasan , Bilek Ted , Daystar Jesse , Handfield Robert , Golden Jay , Prestemon Jeff , Singh Damien 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn investing in a new venture, companies aim to increase their competitiveness and generate value in scenarios where volatile markets, geopolitical instabilities, and disruptive technologies create uncertainty and risk. The biobased industry poses additional challenges as it competes in a mature, highly efficient market, dominated by petroleum‐based companies, and faces significant feedstock availability and variability constraints, limited technological data, and uncertain market conditions for newly developed products. Thus, decision‐making strategies and processes for these investment projects must consider solid risk estimation and mitigation measures. Focusing on the biobased industrial sector, this paper critically reviews state‐of‐the‐art probabilistic and deterministic methodologies for assessing financial risk; discusses how a complete risk analysis should be performed; and addresses risk management, listing major risks and possible mitigation strategies. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
A Techno‐Economic Analysis of Chemical Processing with Ionizing Radiation
Authors: McConnaughy Thomas B. , Shaner Matthew R. , McFarland Eric W. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPhotons and electrons with energies above the ionization potential of most atoms can be used to facilitate chemical reactions not otherwise possible thermochemically or under more preferable process conditions. An analysis and comparison of the economics of using sources of ultraviolet photons, high‐energy electrons, γ‐rays, and X‐rays in a chemical conversion process is presented. In many processes where the penetration depth is sufficient, the overall production costs for equivalent products are lowest for electron‐beam based systems followed, in order, by ultraviolet, gamma rays from 60Co, and X‐ray sources. In process applications where large volume, high pressure, chemical reactors are required, gamma radiation has potential design advantages provided commercial gamma sources of lower cost than 60Co become available.
Offshore Floating Packed‐Bed Reactors: Key Challenges and Potential Solutions
Authors: Motamed Dashliborun Amir , Larachi Faïçal , Schubert Markus 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe influence of floating vessel motions on the hydrodynamic behavior of multiphase flows in porous media was studied using a hexapod ship motion emulator with an embarked packed column. The response of gas‐liquid distribution, pressure drop, liquid saturation, and flow regime transition to column inclinations and roll motions was compared to those of the corresponding static vertical and inclined configurations. Two‐phase flow patterns in terms of local liquid saturation distribution were visualized online by means of a capacitance wire‐mesh sensor positioned firmly on the floating packed bed. The hydrodynamic performance of packed beds under roll motion deviates strongly from that of the static beds, indicating that the known characteristics of the conventional land‐based trickle‐bed reactors cannot be transposed on a one‐to‐one basis for design and scale‐up of the floating reactor configurations.
A Contribution to the Solution Thermodynamics of Chiral Lactide
Authors: Buchholz Hannes , Seidel-Morgenstern Andreas , Lorenz Heike 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSolubilities and solution enthalpies of enantiopure L‐lactide and the racemic molecular compound DL‐lactide are examined. Different experimental methods are used to isolate and specify relevant thermodynamic contributions of the solution enthalpy. Thus, measurements of the dissolution process have been carried out by means of solution calorimetry. Additionally, solubilities of both chiral species have been measured at different temperatures to derive the van't Hoff enthalpy of solution from their temperature dependency and the enthalpy of solution at saturation concentration from the experimental Gibbs free energy of solution. The solution thermodynamic quantities are compared to the respective enthalpies of melting to isolate excess enthalpies, which incorporate different parts of the solution nonidealities. The solution nonidealities for the enantiomer and racemic compound in toluene incorporate solute‐solute interactions that depend on the concentration of the solute. A trend is identified that shows the absolute and relative solid‐liquid phase transition enthalpies from the melt to the saturated solution and their dependency on temperature.
Detection of Picric Acid by Terpy‐Based Metallo‐Supramolecular Fluorescent Coordination Polymers in Aqueous Media
Authors: Ding Zhongyu , Li Hongqing , Gao Wanqing , Zhang Yiquan , Liu Chunhua , Zhu Yuanyuan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe synthesis of two linear terpy‐based metallo‐supramolecular fluorescent coordination polymers through 1∶1 complexation of Zn2+ and Cd2+ ions with ditopic terpyridine ligand was reported. The dispersibility of P1 and P2 was significantly improved in organic solvent and water through the introduction of hydrophilic oligo‐ethyoxy side chain. Two polymers displayed yellow light emission both in solution and the solid state due to the intra‐ligand charge transfer (ILCT) between the d10 metal ions and the conjugated spacer unit. These coordination polymers were explored as fluorescent chemosensors for detecting picric acid in aqueous media, displaying high sensitivity and good selectivity. In addition, test strips were prepared from these polymers and exhibited the practical potential of detecting the NACs pollutants in the outdoor water for public safety and security.
Cu(I)‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Coupling of Trifluoromethyl KetoneN‐Tosylhydrazones, Alkynes and Azides: Synthesis of Difluoromethylene Substituted 1,2,3‐Triazoles
Authors: Zhang Zhikun , Zhou Qi , Yu Weizhi , Li Tianjiao , Zhang Yan , Wang Jianbo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA CuI‐catalyzed three‐component coupling of trifluoromethyl ketone N‐tosylhydrazones, alkynes and azides has been developed. The reactionrepresents a straightforward method to access difluoromethylene substituted 1,2,3‐triazoles. Mechanistically, it has been proposed that the reaction follows a pathway involving the formation of Cu(I)triazolide intermediate, Cu(I) carbene formation, migratory insertion, and β‐fluoride elimination. Thetransformation is featured by mild conditions, wide substrate scope and high efficiency.
Construction of Vesicles, Micro/Nanorods and Ultralong Nanotubes through the Self‐Assembly of Non‐Classical Amphiphiles with Rigid Conformation
Authors: Lin Feng , Liang Rongran , Qi Qiaoyan , Zhan Tianguang , Li Zhanting , Zhao Xin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAmphiphilic molecules have long been regarded as an important class of supramolecular building blocks for the fabrication of nanomaterials. While most previous researches have mainly focused on amphiphlies with flexible structures, in this work, four novel amphiphiles possessing wholly‐rigid skeletons have been designed and synthesized. These molecules were built by using 4,4’‐bipyridin‐1‐ium or viologen as hydrophilic moieties and phenyl or biphenyl as hydrophobic segments, bridged by a pyridazine unit. Their self‐assembly behavior has been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which revealed they could self‐assemble into well‐ordered nanoarchitectures with various morphologies such as vesicles, micro/nanorods and nanotubes in water or methanol, depending on their hydrophilic/hydrophobic fraction ratios.
A New Thioimide‐Based Fluorescent ‘Turn‐On’ and Chromogenic Chemodosimeter in Acetonitrile and Its Nanoparticles in Water for Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of Hg2+
Authors: Mou Yong , Lu Haiyan , Li Meng , Chen Chuanfeng 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA new thioimide‐based fluorescent ‘turn‐on’ and chromogenic chemodosimeter for highly selective and sensitive detection of Hg2+ has been developed. The chemodosimeter showed not only marked color change of the solution from dark green to colorless upon the addition of Hg2+ ion, but also 100‐fold enhancement of the fluorescent intensity in aqueous acetonitrile. The detection mechanism resulted from the Hg2+ induced desulfurization of the thioimide to its imide precursor. When the chemodosimeter was assembled into nanoparticles, it could also exhibit remarkably dual response of color change, fluorescence enhancement, and highly selective and sensitive detection of Hg2+.
Improved Stereoselective Syntheses of (+)‐Valiolamine and (+)‐Valienamine Starting from (–)‐Shikimic Acid
Authors: Li Fenglei , Ding Wei , Quan Na , Wu Jiajia , He Yungang , Zhu Xingliang , Shi Xiaoxin , Zhao Jianhong 
Published: April 2017

AbstractImproved stereoselective syntheses of the target compounds (+)‐valiolamine 1 and (+)‐valienamine 2 starting from naturally abundant (–)‐shikimic acid are described. A common key intermediate compound 7 was first synthesized from (–)‐shikimic acid in 9 steps. The compound 7 was then converted to (+)‐valiolamine 1 in 3 steps, and was also converted to (+)‐valienamine 2 in 4 steps. In summary, (+)‐valiolamine 1 and (+)‐valienamine 2 were synthesized from (–)‐shikimic acid in 12 (or 13) steps in 40% and 39% overall yields, respectively. The present syntheses are more practical and might be important for the potential industrial preparations of pharmaceutically valuable (+)‐valiolamine 1 and (+)‐valienamine 2.
Systems Genetic Analysis in GeneNetwork.org
Authors: Parker Clarissa C. , Dickson Price E. , Philip Vivek M. , Thomas Mary , Chesler Elissa J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have emerged as a powerful tool to identify alleles and molecular pathways that influence susceptibility to psychiatric disorders and other diseases. Forward genetics using mouse mapping populations allows for a complementary approach that provides rigorous genetic and environmental control. In this unit, we describe techniques and tools that reduce the technical burden traditionally associated with genetic mapping in mice and enhance their translational utility to human psychiatric disorders. We provide guidance on choosing the appropriate mapping population, discuss the importance of phenotype, and offer detailed instructions on using the Web‐based resource GeneNetwork to aid neuroscientists in better understanding the mechanisms through which genes influence behavior. We believe that the continued development of mouse mapping populations, genetic tools, bioinformatics resources, and statistical methodologies should remain a parallel strategy by which to investigate the genetic and environmental underpinnings of psychiatric disorders and other diseases in humans. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.