bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mild perinatal adversities moderate the association between maternal harsh parenting and hair cortisol: Evidence for differential susceptibility
Authors: Windhorst Dafna A. , Rippe Ralph C.A. , Mileva‐Seitz Viara R. , Verhulst Frank C. , Jaddoe Vincent W.V. , Noppe Gerard , van Rossum Elisabeth F.C. , van den Akker Erica L.T. , Tiemeier Henning , van IJzendoorn Marinus H. , Bakermans‐Kranenburg Marian J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIt has been shown that following exposure to mild perinatal adversity, children have greater susceptibility to both the negative and positive aspects of their subsequent environment. In a large population‐based cohort study (N = 1,776), we investigated whether mild perinatal adversity moderated the association between maternal harsh parenting and children's hair cortisol levels, a biomarker of chronic stress. Mild perinatal adversity was defined as late preterm birth (gestational age at birth of 34–37 weeks, 6 days) or small for gestational age (birth weight between the 2.5th and 10th percentile for full term gestational age). Harsh parenting was assessed by maternal self‐report at 3 years. Children's hair cortisol concentrations were measured from hair samples collected at age 6. There were no significant bivariate associations between mild perinatal adversities and harsh parenting and hair cortisol. However, mild perinatal adversities moderated the association between maternal harsh parenting and hair cortisol levels. Children with mild perinatal adversity had lower cortisol levels if parented more harshly and higher cortisol levels in the absence of harsh parenting than children who did not experience mild perinatal adversity. These results provide further evidence that mild perinatal adversity is a potential marker of differential susceptibility to environmental influences.
Preschoolers’ genetic, physiological, and behavioral sensitivity factors moderate links between parenting stress and child internalizing, externalizing, and sleep problems
Authors: Davis Molly , Thomassin Kristel , Bilms Joanie , Suveg Cynthia , Shaffer Anne , Beach Steven R.H. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis study examined three potential moderators of the relations between maternal parenting stress and preschoolers’ adjustment problems: a genetic polymorphism—the short allele of the serotonin transporter (5‐HTTLPR, ss/sl allele) gene, a physiological indicator—children's baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), and a behavioral indicator—mothers’ reports of children's negative emotionality. A total of 108 mothers (Mage = 30.68 years, SDage = 6.06) reported on their parenting stress as well as their preschoolers’ (Mage = 3.50 years, SDage = 0.51, 61% boys) negative emotionality and internalizing, externalizing, and sleep problems. Results indicated that the genetic sensitivity variable functioned according to a differential susceptibility model; however, the results involving physiological and behavioral sensitivity factors were most consistent with a diathesis‐stress framework. Implications for prevention and intervention efforts to counter the effects of parenting stress are discussed.
Conductive sapwood area prediction from stem and canopy areas—allometric equations of Kalahari trees, Botswana
Authors: Lubczynski Maciek W. , Chavarro‐Rincon Diana C. , Rossiter David G. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractConductive sapwood (xylem) area (Ax) of all trees in a given forested area is the main factor contributing to spatial tree transpiration. One hundred ninety‐five trees of 9 species in the Kalahari region of Botswana were felled, stained, cut into discs, and measured to develop allometric equations predicting Ax from estimates of stem (As) and canopy (Ac) areas. Stem discs were also subjected to laboratory‐based computed tomography, which well detected wood density contrasts but was not diagnostic with regard to delineation of Ax. The staining experiment, along with the help of visual and computed tomography analysis, allowed the definition of 4, tree‐species categories of Ax, C1–C4. In C1 (Acacia erioloba, Terminalia sericea, and Burke Africana), the staining and visual delineation of Ax matched the natural color difference between sapwood and heartwood; in C2 (Dichrostachys cinerea and Ochna pulchra), sapwood was divided into external conductive and internal nonconductive annuli; in C3 (Acacia fleckii and Acacia luederitzii), sapwood had sharp staining boundary between external highly conductive and internal low‐conductive annuli; and in C4 (Lonchocarpus nelsii and Boscia albitrunca), stems had no heartwood. Per‐species 0‐intercept linear regression models, Ax = slope.As (slope = 0.392 ÷ 0.794; R2 = 96.7 ÷ 99.8%) and Ax = slope.Ac (slope = 1.477 ÷ 17.044; R2 = 82.1 ÷ 92.2%) yielded excellent to good predictive allometric equations. The first equation is suitable for Ax scaling of small‐size Kalahari areas, where the As of all trees can be estimated on the ground, whereas the second, as contribution to automated tree transpiration mapping of large‐size Kalahari areas, where the Ac of trees can be derived through remote sensing interpretation of high‐resolution images.
Dioxygenation of Flavonol Catalyzed by Copper(II) Complexes Supported by Carboxylate‐Containing Ligands: Structural and Functional Models of Quercetin 2,4‐Dioxygenase
Authors: Sun Ying‐Ji , Li Pei , Huang Qian‐Qian , Zhang Jian‐Jun , Itoh Shinobu 
Published: March 2017

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Ying‐Ji Sun from Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China, in collaboration with the group of Shinobu Itoh from Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. The cover image shows a model reaction of quercetin 2,4‐dioxygenase (2,4‐QD) – dioxygenation of flavonol catalyzed by copper(II) complexes supported by carboxylate‐containing ligands.
Computational and Experimental Observation of Li‐Ion Concentration Distribution and Diffusion‐Induced Stress in Porous Battery Electrodes
Authors: Ji Liang , Guo Zhansheng , Wu Yajun 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA multiscale model of porous electrodes based on the Gibbs free energy is developed, in which the Li ion diffusion, diffusion‐induced stress (DIS), and polydispersities of electrode particle sizes are considered. The relationships between the size polydispersities and the concentration profiles and DIS evolution are investigated numerically. Li ion distributions are verified by in situ observation of color changes in a commercial porous graphite electrode. Simulations show small particles exhibit higher charge/discharge degrees and more rapid charge/discharge rates than large particles at the same macroscopic state of charge (SOC)/depth of discharge (DOD). Moreover, DIS is different in different size particles at a specific SOC and DOD, that is, there is a nonuniformly distributed stress field within porous electrodes during the charge/discharge processes. For SOC and DOD, which represent the macroscopic average states of charge and discharge, the influence of the microscopic SOC values and mass fractions of differently sized particles in porous electrodes should, therefore, be considered. Additionally, the fracture of particles in porous electrodes is likely caused by varied amplitude tensile‐compressive DISs during charge/discharge cycles. Reduced sizes and size polydispersities of electrode particles are prone to alleviate these stresses and thus improve battery performance.
Effect of ground motion selection methods on seismic collapse fragility of RC frame buildings
Authors: Koopaee Mohammad E. , Dhakal Rajesh P. , MacRae Gregory 
Published: March 2017

SummaryVariation in the seismic collapse fragility of reinforced concrete frame buildings predicted using different ground motion (GM) selection methods is investigated in this paper. To simulate the structural collapse, a fiber‐element modelling approach with path‐dependent cyclic nonlinear material models that account for concrete confinement and crushing, reinforcement buckling as well as low cycle fatigue is used. The adopted fiber analysis approach has been found to reliably predict the loss in vertical load carrying capacity of structural components in addition to the sidesway mode of collapse due to destabilizing P–Δ moments at large inelastic deflections. Multiple stripe analysis is performed by conducting response history analyses at various hazard levels to generate the collapse fragility curves. To select GMs at various hazard levels, two alternatives of uniform hazard spectrum (UHS), conditional mean spectrum (CMS) and generalized conditional intensity measure (GCIM) are used. Collapse analyses are repeated based on structural periods corresponding to initial un‐cracked stiffness and cracked stiffness of the frame members. A return period‐based intensity measure is then introduced and applied in estimating collapse fragility of frame buildings. In line with the results of previous research, it is shown that the choice of structural period significantly affects the collapse fragility predictions. Among the GM selection methods used in this study, GCIM and CMS methods predict similar collapse fragilities for the case study building investigated herein, and UHS provides the most conservative prediction of the collapse capacity, with approximately 40% smaller median collapse capacity compared to the CMS method. The results confirm that collapse probability prediction of buildings using UHS offers a higher level of conservatism in comparison to the other selection methods. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Separation and characterization of maternal cardiac and vascular sounds in the third trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Riknagel Diana , Zimmermann Henrik , Farlie Richard , Hammershøi Dorte , Schmidt Samuel E. , Hedegaard Morten , Humaidan Peter , Struijk Johannes J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize the vascular sounds of the uteroplacental blood flow obtained by microphones.MethodsThe present retrospective study took place in an anechoic chamber facility at Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark, in 2012, and included pregnant participants aged 18–40 years with a singleton pregnancy at 32–36 weeks and a parity of 0–2. Abdominal Doppler ultrasonography was performed bilaterally on the uterine arteries. Subsequently, in the same positions, sound recordings were performed with microphones. The derived raw sound signal was separated into two frequency ranges, and characterized accordingly.ResultsThe mean pregnancy length among 25 participants was 33.6 ± 2.0 weeks. The pulsatility index of the uterine artery was 0.67 ± 0.24. All 50 recordings displayed the first and second maternal heart sounds (frequency 25–100 Hz), and in 17 of 50 recordings, maternal vascular murmurs (frequency 200–800 Hz) were present. The average pulse wave velocity between the maternal aortic valve and the uterine artery was estimated to be 6.6 ± 1.5 m/s.ConclusionMaternal vascular murmurs in the frequency range of 200–800 Hz were identified as a possible marker of abnormal uteroplacental blood flow, and provide a means to measure the arterial pulse wave velocity.
Treatment of reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate from an old landfill site by Fe0/PS/O3 process
Authors: Ji Fangzhou , Zhang Heng , Li Jun , Lai Bo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDLarge volume of landfill leachate concentrate was generated from membrane treatment process, which contained large amount of toxic and refractory compounds. However, there is a lack of proper technologies for the treatment of membrane filtration concentrates.RESULTSAn effective method for treatment of landfill leachate reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate by Fe0/PS/O3 process was investigated to decompose the refractory pollutants and improve the biodegradability. First, the operating conditions including Fe0 dosage, ozone aeration rate, PS (S2O82−) dosage and initial pH were optimized through single‐factor experiment and response surface methodology (RSM) in this study. The results show that the method could obtain high COD (84.1%) and color (99%) removal efficiencies after 30 min treatment under the optimal conditions. Meanwhile, BOD5/COD ratio was enhanced from 0.01 to 0.25, which suggests that its biodegradability was improved greatly. The decomposition or transformation of the organic pollutants in RO concentrate was analyzed by UV–vis, EEM and FTIR. Furthermore, the synergetic effect between Fe0, PS and O3 in Fe0/PS/O3 process was investigated according to the present literature and analysis date of SEM‐EDS, XRD and XPS.CONCLUSIONSCollectively, a new Fe0/PS/O3 system was successful developed, and this system could be seemed as a promising technology for the treatment of reverse osmosis concentrate of landfill leachate. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Retinal imaging analysis based on vessel detection
Authors: Jamal Arshad , Hazim Alkawaz Mohammed , Rehman Amjad , Saba Tanzila 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWith an increase in the advancement of digital imaging and computing power, computationally intelligent technologies are in high demand to be used in ophthalmology cure and treatment. In current research, Retina Image Analysis (RIA) is developed for optometrist at Eye Care Center in Management and Science University. This research aims to analyze the retina through vessel detection. The RIA assists in the analysis of the retinal images and specialists are served with various options like saving, processing and analyzing retinal images through its advanced interface layout. Additionally, RIA assists in the selection process of vessel segment; processing these vessels by calculating its diameter, standard deviation, length, and displaying detected vessel on the retina. The Agile Unified Process is adopted as the methodology in developing this research. To conclude, Retina Image Analysis might help the optometrist to get better understanding in analyzing the patient's retina. Finally, the Retina Image Analysis procedure is developed using MATLAB (R2011b). Promising results are attained that are comparable in the state of art.
Creating hemodynamic atlases of cardiac 4D flow MRI
Authors: Cibis Merih , Bustamante Mariana , Eriksson Jonatan , Carlhäll Carl‐Johan , Ebbers Tino 
Published: March 2017

PurposeHemodynamic atlases can add to the pathophysiological understanding of cardiac diseases. This study proposes a method to create hemodynamic atlases using 4D Flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The method is demonstrated for kinetic energy (KE) and helicity density (Hd).Materials and MethodsThirteen healthy subjects underwent 4D Flow MRI at 3T. Phase‐contrast magnetic resonance cardioangiographies (PC‐MRCAs) and an average heart were created and segmented. The PC‐MRCAs, KE, and Hd were nonrigidly registered to the average heart to create atlases. The method was compared with 1) rigid, 2) affine registration of the PC‐MRCAs, and 3) affine registration of segmentations. The peak and mean KE and Hd before and after registration were calculated to evaluate interpolation error due to nonrigid registration.ResultsThe segmentations deformed using nonrigid registration overlapped (median: 92.3%) more than rigid (23.1%, P < 0.001), and affine registration of PC‐MRCAs (38.5%, P < 0.001) and affine registration of segmentations (61.5%, P < 0.001). The peak KE was 4.9 mJ using the proposed method and affine registration of segmentations (P = 0.91), 3.5 mJ using rigid registration (P < 0.001), and 4.2 mJ using affine registration of the PC‐MRCAs (P < 0.001). The mean KE was 1.1 mJ using the proposed method, 0.8 mJ using rigid registration (P < 0.001), 0.9 mJ using affine registration of the PC‐MRCAs (P < 0.001), and 1.0 mJ using affine registration of segmentations (P = 0.028). The interpolation error was 5.2 ± 2.6% at mid‐systole, 2.8 ± 3.8% at early diastole for peak KE; 9.6 ± 9.3% at mid‐systole, 4.0 ± 4.6% at early diastole, and 4.9 ± 4.6% at late diastole for peak Hd. The mean KE and Hd were not affected by interpolation.ConclusionHemodynamic atlases can be obtained with minimal user interaction using nonrigid registration of 4D Flow MRI.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;46:1389–1399.
A tree‐ring chronology and paleoclimate record for the Younger Dryas–Early Holocene transition from northeastern North America
Authors: Griggs Carol , Peteet Dorothy , Kromer Bernd , Grote Todd , Southon John 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTSpruce and tamarack logs dating from the Younger Dryas and Early Holocene (YD–EH; ∼12.9–11.3k cal a BP) were found at Bell Creek in the Lake Ontario lowlands of the Great Lakes region, North America. A 211‐year tree‐ring chronology dates to ∼11 755–11 545 cal a BP, across the YD–EH transition. A 23‐year period of higher year‐to‐year ring‐width variability dates to around 11 650 cal a BP, infers strong regional climatic perturbations and may represent the end of the YD. Tamarack and spruce were dominant species throughout the YD–EH interval at the site, indicating that boreal conditions persisted into the EH, in contrast to geographical regions immediately south and east of the lowlands, but consistent with the Great Lakes interior lowlands. This infers that Bell Creek was at the eastern boundary of a boreal ecotone, perhaps a result of its lower elevation and the non‐analog dynamics of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. This finding suggests that the ecotone boundary extended farther east during the YD–EH transition than previously thought.
Upper lateral cartilage composite flap for closure of complicated septal perforations
Authors: Smith David F. , Albathi Monirah , Lee Andrew , Lee Linda N. , Boahene Kofi D. 
Published: March 2017

Objectives/HypothesisTo present a novel technique for the repair of large complicated nasal septal perforations using an upper lateral cartilage composite flap.Study DesignThis is a case series of five patients with large septal perforations seen at an academic tertiary care center, who have failed previous treatment measures and were selected to undergo this novel reconstruction for closure of their defects.MethodsPatients were followed clinically to determine the success of the repair. Pre‐ and postoperative photographic documentation is presented, as well as a description of the surgical technique.ResultsAll patients were found to have large septal perforations exceeding 2 × 3 cm in size. The reconstructed septal perforations remained closed for the duration of follow‐up. There were no long‐term complications related to this technique.ConclusionsThe composite upper lateral cartilage flap is an effective and reliable means of repairing large and complicated septal defects with respiratory mucosa recruited from the nasal cavity. It may be considered in revision cases prior to entertaining regional extranasal flaps or the use of septal buttons.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 127:1767–1771, 2017
Simultaneous vascularized bony reconstruction of the maxilla and mandible using a single fibula: A case report
Authors: Mericli Alexander F. , Friedstat Jonathan S. , Chang Edward I. , Hanasono Matthew M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSimultaneous maxillary and mandibular reconstruction is exceedingly rare. These are complicated cases, requiring consideration of multiple variables: defect components, donor site morbidity, recipient vessels, and so forth. We describe a unique case of secondary maxillary/mandibular reconstruction in a 59‐year‐old male. The original defect was created after removal of a buccal squamous cell carcinoma, involving the external cheek skin, buccal mucosa, right mandibular body, and right inferior maxilla; a free vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap was used for the initial reconstruction. At the time of presentation to our clinic, the patient was tube‐feed‐dependent, unable to speak, and distressed regarding his appearance. We revised his reconstruction, rebuilding his maxilla and hemimandible using two free fibula flaps from a single fibula. The fibulae were vascularized via vein grafts and an ALT flap was used for external cheek resurfacing. All flaps survived and there were no complications at seven months since his surgery (when this report was written). The patient had intelligible speech and maintained adequate nutrition with a soft diet. Simultaneous vascularized bony reconstruction of the maxilla and mandible using a single fibula flap may be performed safely and with good outcomes.
Diffusion‐prepared stimulated‐echo turbo spin echo (DPsti‐TSE): An eddy current‐insensitive sequence for three‐dimensional high‐resolution and undistorted diffusion‐weighted imaging
Authors: Zhang Qinwei , Coolen Bram F. , Versluis Maarten J. , Strijkers Gustav J. , Nederveen Aart J. 
Published: March 2017

In this study, we present a new three‐dimensional (3D), diffusion‐prepared turbo spin echo sequence based on a stimulated‐echo read‐out (DPsti‐TSE) enabling high‐resolution and undistorted diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI). A dephasing gradient in the diffusion preparation module and rephasing gradients in the turbo spin echo module create stimulated echoes, which prevent signal loss caused by eddy currents. Near to perfect agreement of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values between DPsti‐TSE and diffusion‐weighted echo planar imaging (DW‐EPI) was demonstrated in both phantom transient signal experiments and phantom imaging experiments. High‐resolution and undistorted DPsti‐TSE was demonstrated in vivo in prostate and carotid vessel wall. 3D whole‐prostate DWI was achieved with four b values in only 6 min. Undistorted ADC maps of the prostate peripheral zone were obtained at low and high imaging resolutions with no change in mean ADC values [(1.60 ± 0.10) × 10−3 versus (1.60 ± 0.02) × 10−3 mm2/s]. High‐resolution 3D DWI of the carotid vessel wall was achieved in 12 min, with consistent ADC values [(1.40 ± 0.23) × 10−3 mm2/s] across different subjects, as well as slice locations through the imaging volume. This study shows that DPsti‐TSE can serve as a robust 3D diffusion‐weighted sequence and is an attractive alternative to the traditional two‐dimensional DW‐EPI approaches.
Skeletal Lead Burden of the British Royal Navy in Colonial Antigua
Authors: Giffin K. L. , Swanston T. , Coulthard I. , Murphy A. R. , Cooper D. M. L. , Varney T. L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLead (Pb) has been known to be a cause of human poisoning since ancient times, but despite this, it was a widely used metal in the European colonial period. In this study, the relationship between Pb exposure and the demographic variables ancestry and age was explored by comparing the bone Pb levels of individuals that were of either African or European ancestry, excavated from a British Royal Navy hospital cemetery (1793–1822 CE) at English Harbour in Antigua, West Indies. More direct comparisons of Pb levels between the two ancestral groups were possible in this study because of the unsegregated nature of this cemetery. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine bulk Pb levels in cortical bone samples from the fibular diaphyses of 23 male individuals. No significant difference was found between the distributions of the Pb levels of the ancestral groups (p = 0.94). Further, no positive correlations or significant differences were found in relation to the individuals' ages and their Pb levels (p = 0.24). Levels of Ba, Ca and rare earth elements support a largely biogenic origin of lead. This is bolstered by Pb deposition patterns, generated by synchrotron X‐ray fluorescence imaging for another study. The data suggest that naval personnel, regardless of ancestry at English Harbour, had very similar experiences with regard to Pb exposure. Their exposure to the toxic metal was likely not consistent over time as steady exposure would have resulted in accumulation of Pb with age. This study contributes to addressing historical questions regarding the prevalence of Pb poisoning within the British Royal Navy during the colonial period. © 2017 The Authors International Journal of Osteoarchaeology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.