bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in liver cancer patients: A hospital based study of 4610 patients with benign tumors or specific cancers
Authors: Roujun Chen , Yanhua Yi , Bixun Li 
Published: June 2016

Objective: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) were hypothesised to be different among different tumor patients. This study aimed to study the association between the prevalence of DM, IGT and IFG and liver cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer and benign tumor. Methods: A hospital based retrospective study was conducted on 4610 patients admitted to the Internal Medical Department of the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, China. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between gender, age group, ethnicity , cancer types or benign tumors and prevalence of DM, IFG, IGT. Results: Among 4610 patients, there were 1000 liver cancer patients, 373 breast cancer patients, 415 nasopharyngeal cancer patients, 230 cervical cancer patients, 405 colorectal cancer patients, and 2187 benign tumor patients. The prevalence of DM and IGT in liver cancer patients was 14.7% and 22.1%, respectively. The prevalence of DM and IGT was 13.8% and 20%, respectively, in colorectal cancer patients, significantly higher than that of benign cancers. After adjusting for gender, age group, and ethnicity, the prevalence of DM and IGT in liver cancers patients was 1.29 times (CI :1.12-1.66) and 1.49 times (CI :1.20-1.86) higher than that of benign tumors, respectively. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of DM and IGT in liver cancer patients.
Trends in the development of the food sector in tourist-recreational complex of the Krasnodar region
Authors: Кружков Денис , Kruzhkov Denis , Джум Татьяна , Dzhum Tatyana , Ксенз Марина , Ksenz Marina 
Published: June 2016

This article describes the specifics of enterprises functioning of tourist-recreational complex, which includes food service companies of Krasnodar Krai. The authors analyze and illustrate by the examples the main trends in the food industry of the region, the most promising among which are: healthy eating growth in popularity, increasing the interest of the population in the national cuisine, more precise positioning of enterprises in their market segments, development of market of corporate food companies through extending the range of catering services.
The authors place greater focus on the need to diversify the catering services, taking into account the variety of forms of customer service, enterprise-type specificity, accounting the subjectivity of assess of service quality that in totality defines the market strategy. The authors define the specific feature of the regional restaurant business, which is based mainly on the small business, but at the same time tends towards consolidation of enterprises and the creation of restaurant chains.
Coordination of enterprise activities with educational institutions and training centers for the address training of the contact personnel and improving the quality of service in the field is the one of the key factors of optimization of. food services development in Krasnodar Krai. The appearance on the market of new players from other types of businesses intensifies competition, which has a positive impact on the industry development as a whole, and contributes to increasing the indicators of service quality and makes them closer to the world standards.
Rating of the Largest Audit and Consulting Groups in Russia at Year-End 2015
Authors: Ханферян  , Khanferyan V. 
Published: June 2016

Th e Rating of the leading audit and consulting groups prepared by Expert RA Rating Agency showed the transition
of this market from stagnation to recession. Auditors pin hops on performance of comprehensive set of measures aimed to
improvement of market regulation, required in the recently issued instruction of the Russian President.
Spanish monarchy and the Portuguese Republic: Two routes to democratization
Authors: Roda Federico Martínez , Rezola Maria Inácia 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
From 1974 to 1986 the Iberian Peninsula was the arena of major political changes. The process then undertaken was characterized by the transition from two Iberian authoritarian regimes to two democracies, which enabled both countries to join the European Economic Community (EEC) on 1 January 1986. However, the political vicissitudes until full membership of what became the European Union (EU) was achieved were very different and were decisively, although not exclusively, influenced by the fact Portugal was a republic and Spain a monarchy. In Portugal the 1974 revolution took place with consequent shift of the head of state while in Spain the engine of change was precisely the head of state: King Juan Carlos I. It is also true that despite the dangers to democracy (terrorism in Spain and some radicalism in Portugal) both societies supported the political parties committed to the democratic process in elections, which helped avoid tensions that could have defeated the process. Likewise, it is possible to argue that in Spain a plan to achieve democracy within the rule of law (an archetypal transition) was designed by the head of state, while in Portugal there was no pre-established plan – the programme of the Armed Forces Movement (Movimento das Forças Armadas [MFA]) was a weak and precarious compromise between different visions of the road to follow, enabling an intense political struggle that almost led to civil war and a dangerous state of crisis.
Migrations, daily mobility, local identity, housing projects in Italy: A biographical approach
Authors: Bottai Marco , Benassi Federico 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Starting from the description of sample surveys and research on spatial mobility (migration and daily mobility) and on other dimensions strictly connected with this topic (local identity and housing projects) organized and conducted by the University of Pisa over the last fifteen years, this article presents an extensive and in-depth overview of methods that can to be used for analysing this type of statistical information and the type of results that can be achieved, with particular focus on the biographical approach.
Residential trajectories in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area: Social profiles, mobility and tenure status
Authors: Pinto Teresa Costa , Ferreira Ana Cristina , Guerra isabel 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The article is the result of the research project ‘Residential Trajectories and Metropolization: Continuities and Changes in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area’ and analyses the residential trajectories of families in Lisbon. Following some international studies, our overriding objective is to examine the relationship between housing dynamics and family and professional contexts related to moving house. We observe three generations (born between 1945–1954, 1955–1964 and 1965–1975) in central Lisbon and the northern and southern metropolitan areas. More specifically, this article aims to explore three fundamental dimensions: (1) the intensity of the residential mobility of households in Lisbon and the profiles associated with more and less mobility; (2) the typology of trajectories in relation to tenure status as well as an analysis of the profiles associated with each type of trajectory; and 3) the different reasons for moving house during the residential trajectory. The research outcomes on housing trajectories seem to indicate limited residential mobility due to the historical dynamics of the housing market in Portugal and the social and cultural options of families that tend to prefer home ownership. Moreover, the research indicates that family and social class are pertinent variables when analysing housing movements in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area.
Cloud point extraction in flow-based systems
Authors: Melchert Wanessa R. , Rocha Fábio R.P. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Cloud point extraction is a green alternative for separation and preconcentration, whose advantages are magnified by coupling with flow analysis. This results in fast extractions, with improved precision and lower reagent consumption and waste generation. Mechanization has been carried out mainly by flow injection analysis, but feasibility of innovative approaches including sequential injection analysis, multipumping flow systems and lab-in-syringe approaches have also been demonstrated. The approaches for flow-based cloud point extraction are critically revised by taking system designs and operational aspects into account. Applications in environmental, agronomic and food samples as well as biological fluids are also discussed.
Media Bias and Advertising: Evidence from a German Car Magazine
Authors: Dewenter Ralf , Heimeshoff Ulrich 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This paper investigates the existence of a possible media bias by analyzing the impact of automobile manufacturers’ advertisements on automobile reviews in a leading German car magazine. By accounting for both endogeneity and sample selection using a two-step procedure, we find a positive impact of advertising volumes on test scores. The main advantage of our study is the measurement of technical characteristics of cars to explain test scores. Due to this kind of measurement, we avoid serious biases in estimating media bias caused by omitted variables.
Does the Level of Work Effort Influence Tax Evasion? Experimental Evidence
Authors: Bühren Christoph , Kundt Thorben C. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Using a real effort experiment, we analyze the dependence of tax evasion on the amount of effort invested to generate income. In three treatments, subjects were either endowed with income or had to work moderately or arduously to earn it. In line with prospect theory, subjects evaded more taxes when they worked hard for their income. We find little evidence for the prediction that tax evasion in the endowed treatment is higher than that in the moderate-effort treatment.
Dynamics of Military Conflict: an Economics Perspective
Authors: Beckmann Klaus B. , Reimer Lennart 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This paper is concerned with methods for analysing patterns of conflict. We survey dynamic games, differential games, and simulation as alternative ways of extending the standard static economic model of conflict to study patterns of conflict dynamics, giving examples for each type of model.
It turns out that computational requirements and theoretical difficulties impose tight limits on what can be achieved using the first two approaches. In particular, we appear to be forced to model the outcome of conflict as being decided in a single final confrontation if we employ non-linear contest success functions.
A simulation study based on a new model of adaptive, boundedly rational decision making, however, is shown not to be subject to this limitation. Plausible patterns of conflict dynamics emerge, which we can link to both historical conflict and standard tenets of military theory.
The Regional Pattern of the U.S. House Price Bubble – An Application of SPC to City Level Data
Authors: Freese Julia 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The recent U.S. house price bubble and the subsequent deep financial crisis have renewed the interest in reliable identification methods for asset price bubbles. While there is a growing number of studies focussing on the detection of U.S. regional bubbles, estimations of the likely starting points in different local U.S. markets are still rare. Using regional data from 1990 to 2010 methods of Statistical Process Control (SPC) are used to test for house price bubbles in 17 major U.S. cities. Based on the EWMA control chart we also present estimations of the likely starting point of the regional bubbles. As a result, we find indications of house price bubbles in all 17 considered cities. Interestingly enough, the recent bubble was not a homogeneous event since regional starting points range from 1996 to 2002.
The Total Cost of Water-Related Disasters
Authors: Balbi Stefano , Giupponi Carlo , Olschewski Roland , Mojtahed Vahid 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Water-related disasters have caused increasing losses in recent years. Efficient risk reduction policies require accurate assessment approaches, with careful consideration of costs, beyond material damages, which are commonly used in practice. Faced with possible risk reduction scenarios, limited financial resources require an improvement in the quality of cost estimation, thereby contributing to an efficient allocation of resources. This paper reviews the concept of total cost in the context of water-related disasters, elaborating on the typical direct/indirect and tangible/intangible cost categories. These categories are defined and explained, supported by a comprehensive assessment of economic valuation methods. Based on this information, practice relevant suggestions are made concerning the most appropriate methods for different cases in terms of scale, availability of data and of technical resources.
RALS-LM unit root test with trend breaks and non-normal errors: application to the Prebisch-Singer hypothesis
Authors: Meng Ming , Lee Junsoo , Payne James E. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis study proposes a new unit root test that allows for structural breaks in both the intercept and the slope, and adopts the residual augmented least squares (RALS) procedure to gain improved power when the error term follows a non-normal distribution. The new test using the RALS procedure is more powerful than the usual LM test which does not incorporate information on non-normal errors. Our test is free of nuisance parameters that indicate the locations of structural break. It is also free of the spurious rejection problem. Thus, the rejection of the null hypothesis can be considered as more accurate evidence of stationarity. We apply the new test on the recently extended Grilli and Yang index of 24 commodity series from 1900 to 2007. Our empirical findings provide significant evidence that primary commodity prices are stationary with one or two trend breaks. However, compared with past studies, our findings provide even weaker evidence to support the Prebisch-Singer hypothesis.
Essential sign change numbers of full sign
pattern matrices
Authors: Chen Xiaofeng , Fang Wei , Gao Wei , Gao Yubin , Jing Guangming , Li Zhongshan , Shao Yanling , Zhang Lihua 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
A sign pattern (matrix) is a matrix whose entries are from the set {+, −, 0} and a sign vector is a
vector whose entries are from the set {+, −, 0}. A sign pattern or sign vector is full if it does not contain any
zero entries. The minimum rank of a sign pattern matrix A is the minimum of the ranks of the real matrices
whose entries have signs equal to the corresponding entries of A. The notions of essential row sign change
number and essential column sign change number are introduced for full sign patterns and condensed sign
patterns. By inspecting the sign vectors realized by a list of real polynomials in one variable, a lower bound
on the essential row and column sign change numbers is obtained. Using point-line confiurations on the
plane, it is shown that even for full sign patterns with minimum rank 3, the essential row and column sign
change numbers can differ greatly and can be much bigger than the minimum rank. Some open problems
concerning square full sign patterns with large minimum ranks are discussed.
Ultrasonographic evaluation of periodontal changes during orthodontic tooth movement - work in progress
Authors: Zimbran Adela , Dudea Diana , Gasparik Cristina , Dudea Sorin 
Published: June 2016

Background and aim. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is a process whereby the application of a force induces bone resorption on the pressure side and bone apposition on the tension side of the lamina dura. However, only limited data are available on the in vivo behavior of the periodontal tissues. The aim of this study was to assess the changes of periodontal tissues, induced by the orthodontic canine retraction, using 40 MHz ultrasonography.Methods. Ultrasonographic evaluation of periodontal tissues was conducted in 5 patients with indication for orthodontic treatment. The upper first premolars were extracted bilaterally due to severe crowding, and the canines were distalized using elastomeric chain with a net force of 100 cN. Ultrasonographic scans (US scans) were performed before, during and after retraction, in three distinct areas of the canines buccal surface: mesial, middle and distal. The reference point was the bracket, which appeared hyperechoic on the US scan. Four different dimensions were obtained: D1 (depth of the sulcus), D2 (thickness of the gingiva), D3 (length of the supracrestal fibers), D4 (width of periodontal space).Results. An increase of D1 was observed in all three areas of the periodontium, during orthodontic treatment. D3 was strongly correlated before and immediately after force delivery only for the mesial area (r=0.828, p<0.05). In total, 228 variables were statistically analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficients, in order to demonstrate the relationship between periodontal findings during orthodontic tooth movement.Conclusions. High-resolution ultrasonography has the capability to obviate changes in periodontal ligament space and free gingiva during orthodontic tooth movement.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Review and Management of Endocrine Adverse Events
Authors: González-Rodríguez Elisa , Rodríguez-Abreu Delvys ,   on behalf of the Spanish Group for Cancer Immuno-Biotherapy (GETICA)
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have emerged as effective therapies for advanced neoplasias. As new checkpoint target blockers become available and additional tumor locations tested, their use is expected to increase within a short time. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) affecting the endocrine system are among the most frequent and complex toxicities. Some may be life-threatening if not recognized; hence, appropriate guidance for oncologists is needed. Despite their high incidence, endocrine irAEs have not been fully described for all immunotherapy agents available. This article is a narrative review of endocrinopathies associated with cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4, blockade of programmed death receptor 1 and its ligand inhibitors, and their combination. Thyroid dysfunction is the most frequent irAE reported, and hypophysitis is characteristic of ipilimumab. Incidence, timing patterns, and clinical presentation are discussed, and practical recommendations for clinical management are suggested. Heterogeneous terminology and lack of appropriate resolution criteria in clinical trials make adequate evaluation of endocrine AEs difficult. It is necessary to standardize definitions to contrast incidences and characterize toxicity patterns. To provide optimal care, a multidisciplinary team that includes endocrinology specialists is recommended.
«Parir por la boca». vicisitudes de un tema sorprendente del imaginario de la comadreja
Authors: De Barros Dias Isabel Maria 
Published: June 2016

<p align="JUSTIFY"> </p><p><strong>Resumen </strong></p><p align="JUSTIFY"> </p><p>Estudio de un motivo impactante recurrente en bestiarios: la comadreja que da a luz a través de la boca. Se muestran diferentes variantes de este <em>topos</em> y se debate su origen, probablemente una anécdota procedente de la mitología antigua, específicamente la historia de Galantis, sierva de Alcmena, que ayudó en el nacimiento de Hércules. Esta historia fue versificada por Ovidio de forma magistral y se encuentra también en Eliano. Su recuerdo persistió aún en algunos textos medievales.</p><p align="JUSTIFY"> </p><p>Palabras Clave: comadreja; bestiario; motivos literarios; fuentes; mitología clásica</p><p align="JUSTIFY"> </p><p> </p><p align="JUSTIFY"> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p align="JUSTIFY"> </p><p>Study of an impressive recurrent motif in Bestiaries: the weasel that gives birth through the mouth. Different variants of this <em>topos</em> are shown and its origin is discussed, probably a tale from Ancient mythology, specifically the story of Galanthis, servant of Alcmene, who helped the birth of Hercules. This story was masterfully versified by Ovid, and it can also be found in Aelianus. Its memory still lasted in some medieval texts.</p><p align="JUSTIFY"> </p><p>Key Words: weasel; bestiary; literary motifs; sources; classical mythology</p><p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: 'Book Antiqua', serif;"><span lang="es-ES"><br /></span></span></p>
Proverbios, expresiones proverbiales y sentencias en el 'Livro de Exopo'
Authors: Paiva Morais Ana 
Published: June 2016

<div class="WordSection1"><p><strong>Resumen</strong></p><p>En este artículo se presenta un breve estudio de la función textual de los proverbios, expresiones proverbiales, paráfrasis de proverbios y enunciados sentenciosos en el fabulario portugués medieval <em>Livro de Exopo</em>, conservado en la Biblioteca Nacional de Austria en el manuscrito 3270* del siglo XV. Del análisis de los elementos identificados se puede concluir que el <em>Livro de Exopo</em> coloca los proverbios y las sentencias al servicio de su programa específico de lectura y que estas revelan una conciencia particular del papel moralizador de las fábulas. Se incluye un listado anexo de sus apariciones en el libro, elaborada en base a los datos señalados por Leite de Vasconcelos en su estudio de 1906.</p><p>Palabras Clave:<strong> </strong>fábula<strong>, </strong>proverbio, sentencia, exemplo, brevedad</p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><strong> </strong>This article<strong> </strong>focuses on the textual function of proverbs, proverbial phrases and sentences in the portuguese medieval collection of fables, the <em>Livro de Exopo</em> 15th century manuscript 3270* held by the Austrian National Library. Occurrences examined show that proverbs and sentences are used in the <em>Livro de Exopo</em> according to a specific reading plan with a particular concern with the moral purpose of the fables. The last section of the article provides a list of proverbs, sentences and proverbial phrases in the <em>Livro de Exopo</em> based on data previously collected by Leite de Vasconcelos in his 1906 work. </p><p>Key Words:<strong> </strong>fable, proverb, sentence, example, <em>brevitas</em></p></div><p><em><br clear="all" /> </em></p>
El frontispicio de Batavia del 'Insigne fabulador grego'
Authors: Araújo Teresa 
Published: June 2016

<div class="WordSection1"><p><strong>Resumen</strong></p><p>La presente aproximación a la edición indonesia del único fabulario portugués del siglo XVII incide sobre la hoja de cubierta del impreso, en virtud de que el paratexto pone en perspectiva ángulos cruciales del trabajo del respectivo editor literario, João Ferreira A. d’Almeida. El contexto geopolítico y lingüístico de la obra, su matriz barroca, el conocimiento fabulístico que el autor parece haber acumulado más allá del dominio de la fuente (la colección de Manuel Mendes da Vidigueira) y la variedad de propósitos de la reimpresión son algunos de los aspectos de esta aproximación al libro de Batavia.</p><p>Palabras clave: <em>Esopete Redivivo</em>; fabulario barroco; Batavia; João Ferreira A. d’Almeida; fábula en portugués.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The present approach to the Indonesian edition of the single Portuguese fable collection of the 17th century focuses on its title page. In fact, the paratext allows us to analyse crucial aspects of the work of the literary editor responsible for the reprint, João Ferreira A. d’Almeida. Some of the topics discussed are the geopolitical and linguistic context of this publication, its baroque mold, the knowledge of fables the author could have gained in addition to its source (Manuel Mendes da Vidigueira’s collection) and the reprint purposes.</p><p>Key words: <em>Esopete Redivivo</em>; baroque fable; Batavia; João Ferreira A. d’Almeida; Portuguese written fable</p></div>