bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human upper airway epithelium produces nitric oxide in response to Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Carey Ryan M. , Chen Bei , Adappa Nithin D. , Palmer James N. , Kennedy David W. , Lee Robert J. , Cohen Noam A. 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundNitric oxide (NO) is produced by sinonasal epithelial cells as part of the innate immune response against bacteria. We previously described bitter‐taste‐receptor‐dependent and ‐independent NO responses to product(s) secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. We hypothesized that sinonasal epithelium would be able to detect the gram‐positive, coagulase‐negative bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis and mount a similar NO response.MethodsSinonasal air‐liquid interface cultures were treated with conditioned medium (CM) from lab strains and clinical isolates of coagulase‐negative staphylococci and S aureus. NO production was quantified by fluorescence imaging. Bitter taste receptor signaling inhibitors were utilized to characterize the pathway responsible for NO production in response to S epidermidis CM.ResultsS epidermidis CM contains a low‐molecular‐weight, heat, and protease‐stabile product that induces an NO synthase (NOS)–mediated NO production that is less robust than the response triggered by S aureus CM. The S epidermidis CM–stimulated NO response is not inhibited by antagonists of phospholipase C isoform β‐2 nor the transient receptor potential melastatin isoform 5 ion channel, both critical to bitter taste signaling.ConclusionThis study identifies an NO‐mediated innate defense response in sinonasal epithelium elicited by S epidermidis product(s). The active bacterial product is likely a small, nonpeptide molecule that stimulates a pathway independent of bitter taste receptors. Although the NO response to S epidermidis is less vigorous compared with S aureus, the product(s) share similar characteristics. Together, the responses to staphylococci species may help explain the pathophysiology of upper respiratory infections.
Synthesis, cytotoxicity, topoisomerase I inhibition and molecular docking of novel phosphoramide mustard sophoridinic acid analogues
Authors: Liu Kai , Li Dong‐Dong , Zhao Xiu‐Mei , Dai Lin‐Lin , Zhang Ting , Tao Zun‐Wei 
Published: August 2016

A series of novel phosphoramide mustard sophoridinic acid analogues, consisting of nitrogen mustard group and sophoridinic acid scaffold, have been designed, synthesized and evaluated for their topoisomerase inhibitory activity as well as cytotoxicity against six tumor cell lines (SMMC‐7721, LoVo, MCF‐7, K562, S180 and H22) and a normal cell line (L929). Among the compounds tested, five were found to be potent inhibitors and exhibited potent cytotoxicity against S180 and H22 cell lines with IC50 values of 1–4 μM. Further mechanistic studies showed that this class of compounds acted as novel topoisomerase I (Topo I) catalytic inhibitors by preventing the binding of Topo I to DNA and inhibiting the cleavage of DNA, and molecular docking studies revealed that the binding energy for these compounds was comparable to that for classic Topo I inhibitors CPT and HCPT, indicating that the compounds have an interaction with DNA and Topo I.
Experimentelle und numerische Untersuchungen von Brandszenarien vor Fassaden unter Berücksichtigung verschiedener Abstände
Authors: Zehfuß Jochen , Küppers Judith , Sobiegalla Linda 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBauliche Randbedingungen wie z. B. Wände oder Fassaden in der Nähe von Brandquellen beeinflussen die Flammenausbildung und den Plume. Es ist bekannt, dass Begrenzungselemente (z. B. Wände) den Eintrag von Sauerstoff in den Plume behindern und brennbare Gase bzw. Pyrolyseprodukte dadurch erst in größeren Höhen vollständig verbrennen. Inwieweit die Position der Brandquelle, die Gebäudegeometrie (Anzahl der Begrenzungselemente) und die Wärmefreisetzungsrate die charakteristischen Merkmale der Flamme beeinflussen, wurde am Institut für Baustoffe, Massivbau und Brandschutz (iBMB) der TU Braunschweig im Rahmen einer Versuchsreihe mit einem Propangasbrenner experimentell untersucht. Für die Durchführung der Versuche wurde der Braunschweiger Fassadenprüfstand mit umfangreicher Messtechnik zur Erfassung von Wärmestromdichten, wandnahen Temperaturen, Temperaturen zur Vermessung des Plumes sowie der Auftriebsgeschwindigkeit ausgestattet. In diesem Beitrag werden die Messdaten der Brandversuche diskutiert und mit den Ergebnissen eines CFD‐Modells sowie mit ausgewählten empirischen Berechnungsansätzen verglichen.
Untersuchungen der Auswirkungen eines Vollbrands auf eine Sporthalle
Authors: Himburg Stefan , Stempfhuber Werner , Windemuth Andre 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIm August 2015 wurde auf die im Jahr 2007 errichtete Sporthalle des Oberstufenzentrums Nauen ein Brandanschlag verübt, der zu einem Vollbrand und zu einer kompletten Zerstörung der Halle geführt hat. Die Auswirkungen dieses Vollbrands wurden sowohl messtechnisch als auch durch Beprobung vor Ort aufgenommen. Hierbei wurde insbesondere die Holzdachkonstruktion untersucht, die trotz intensiver Brandbeanspruchung und den damit verbundenen erheblichen Schäden noch eine Resttragfähigkeit aufwies. Die verbliebene Tragstruktur der Halle wurde im September 2015 mittels terrestrischem Laserscanning (TLS) komplett aufgenommen und ausgewertet. Schrägstellungen, Querschnittsänderungen und Verformungen am Bauwerk konnten mit diesem geodätischen Messverfahren berechnet werden. Die Ergebnisse aus dem Laserscanning können in Kombination mit einer Probenentnahme vor Ort für einen Vergleich der theoretischen bautechnischen Nachweise mit den Auswirkungen eines realen Brandereignisses herangezogen werden. Bei dem Brandfall der Sporthalle Nauen war insbesondere der Tragfähigkeitsverlust im Bereich der Verbindungsmittel signifikant. Ziel der Untersuchungen ist ein Vergleich von ingenieurtechnischen Brandschutznachweisen und ihren theoretischen Schutzwirkungen mit den Auswirkungen von realen Bränden. Dieses ist auch Gegenstand von aktuellen Forschungsarbeiten an der Beuth Hochschule für Technik Berlin.
Effect of substituents on prediction of TLC retention of tetra‐dentate Schiff bases and their Copper(II) and Nickel(II) complexes
Authors: Stevanović Nikola R. , Perušković Danica S. , Gašić Uroš M. , Antunović Vesna R. , Lolić Aleksandar Đ. , Baošić Rada M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe objectives of this study were to gain insights into structure–retention relationships and to propose the model to estimating their retention. Chromatographic investigation of series of 36 Schiff bases and their copper(II) and nickel(II) complexes was performed under both normal‐ and reverse‐phase conditions. Chemical structures of the compounds were characterized by molecular descriptors which are calculated from the structure and related to the chromatographic retention parameters by multiple linear regression analysis. Effects of chelation on retention parameters of investigated compounds, under normal‐ and reverse‐phase chromatographic conditions, were analyzed by principal component analysis, quantitative structure–retention relationship and quantitative structure–activity relationship models were developed on the basis of theoretical molecular descriptors, calculated exclusively from molecular structure, and parameters of retention and lipophilicity.
Western Governors University's assessment quality rubrics: high standards for assessments in CBE programs
Authors: DeMark Sarah 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundAll students deserve high‐quality assessments that are balanced and reliable. For CBE programs in particular, assessments serve a key function in enabling students to demonstrate their competence and thereby advance through a curriculum at their own pace.AimsThis article presents two assessment quality rubrics that Western Governors University (WGU) has used effectively to guide the high‐quality development and maintenance of assessments across academic fields. The rubrics are offered to be of use to others in the field, specifically to assist CBE programs in establishing and maintaining high standards of assessment quality.MethodsThe standards presented in the rubrics were developed by a wide range of faculty, assessment developers, psychometricians, industry experts, and others working together at WGU to establish a shared understanding of quality.FindingsThe two rubrics presented are similar overall, but have some differences. The first is designed for objective assessments: those whose scoring is automated in some way. The second rubric is designed for performance assessments: those whose scoring is completed by people (often with the use of a rubric), usually in relation to presentations or projects.ConclusionCBE programs have become increasingly prevalent over the past several years. As these programs continue to grow, it is crucial that the field maintain high standards of quality.
Catalytic Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Methane in Wall‐Cooled Fixed‐Bed Reactors‡
Authors: Martinez Molina Marta , Kern Christoph , Jess Andreas 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe methanation of CO2 was studied in a wall‐cooled single‐tube fixed‐bed reactor with a nickel‐based catalyst. Heat transfer and kinetic parameters were experimentally determined. Temperature profiles were recorded under different conditions: inlet gas mixtures with CO2 diluted in H2 or N2, tubes with diameters of 2 or 4 cm, and pressures of 1 or 4 bar at 160–200 °C. Modeling of CO2 conversion and temperature profiles by a two‐dimensional reactor model was successfully achieved. The study is completed by modeling technical reactors for both upgrading of biogas and conversion of a CO2/H2 feed gas free of CH4; design data of reactors for a production of 450 m3 of synthetic natural gas per hour are given.
Correlation between Molecular Structure of Ferrocene Derivative and Impact Sensitivity of Fine‐AP/Ferrocene Derivative Mixture
Authors: Deng Lei , Jiang Benzheng , Zhang Wei , Yang Jun , Bao Tong , Yu Yan , Li Xiaoqiang , Zhou Xing 
Published: August 2016

AbstractOn the basis of investigation of molecular structure characteristics of model ferrocene derivatives, the correlation between stability and molecular structure of double‐core ferrocene derivatives (DFDs) was studied. Then, the relation of stability of DFDs and impact sensitivity of fine‐AP/DFD mixtures was investigated. The results showed that the DFDs with methylene bridge group were more stable than those with methylethylidene bridge group. The stability order of the five DFDs was DEFM>EDFM≈BDFM>GFP>TBPF. The impact sensitivities of the fine‐AP/DFD mixtures were in inverse proportion to the stabilities of the DFDs.
STAT1‐associated intratumoural TH1 immunity predicts chemotherapy resistance in high‐grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Au Katrina K , Le Page Cécile , Ren Runhan , Meunier Liliane , Clément Isabelle , Tyrishkin Kathrin , Peterson Nichole , Kendall‐Dupont Jennifer , Childs Timothy , Francis Julie‐Ann , Graham Charles H , Craig Andrew W , Squire Jeremy A , Mes‐Masson Anne‐Marie , Koti Madhuri 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHigh‐grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) accounts for 70% of all epithelial ovarian cancers but clinical management is challenged by a lack of accurate prognostic and predictive biomarkers of chemotherapy response. This study evaluated the role of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1 (STAT1) as an independent prognostic and predictive biomarker and its correlation with intratumoural CD8+ T cells in a second independent biomarker validation study. Tumour STAT1 expression and intratumoural CD8+ T cell infiltration were assessed by immunohistochemistry as a multicentre validation study conducted on 734 chemotherapy‐naïve HGSCs. NanoString‐based profiling was performed to correlate expression of STAT1 target genes CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 with CD8A transcript expression in 143 primary tumours. Multiplexed cytokine analysis of pre‐treatment plasma from resistant and sensitive patients was performed to assess systemic levels of STAT1‐induced cytokines. STAT1 was validated as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in both univariate and multivariate models and its expression correlated significantly with intra‐epithelial CD8+ T cell infiltration in HGSC. STAT1 levels increased the prognostic and predictive value of intratumoural CD8+ T cells, confirming their synergistic role as biomarkers in HGSC. In addition, expression of STAT1 target genes (CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11) correlated significantly with levels of, and CD8A transcripts from intratumoural CD8+ T cells within the resistant and sensitive tumours. Our findings provide compelling evidence that high levels of STAT1, STAT1‐induced chemokines and CD8+ T cells correlate with improved chemotherapy response in HGSC. These results identify STAT1 and its target genes as novel biomarkers of chemosensitivity in HGSC. These findings provide new translational opportunities for patient stratification for immunotherapies based on emerging biomarkers of inflammation in HGSC. An improved understanding of the role of interferon‐inducible genes will be foundational for developing immunomodulatory therapies in ovarian cancer.
Receipt of vaginal brachytherapy is associated with improved survival in women with stage I endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterus: A National Cancer Data Base study
Authors: Rydzewski Nicholas R. , Strohl Anna E. , Donnelly Eric D. , Kanis Margaux J. , Lurain John R. , Nieves‐Neira Wilberto , Strauss Jonathan B. 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUNDRandomized controlled trials have consistently shown that the use of postoperative radiotherapy (RT) for stage I endometrial cancer leads to a reduction in the incidence of pelvic recurrences without a corresponding reduction in overall mortality. It was hypothesized that a reduction in mortality associated with the receipt of RT could be identified in a large data set with greater statistical power.METHODSWomen with surgically staged IA or IB endometrial adenocarcinoma who were treated with total hysterectomy between 2003 and 2011 were identified in the National Cancer Data Base. Chi‐square tests and multivariate logistic regression were performed to analyze factors associated with the treatment type. A survival analysis was performed with log‐rank testing, Cox proportional hazards regression, and Kaplan‐Meier estimates.RESULTSA total of 44,309 eligible women were identified (33,380 at stage IA and 10,929 at stage IB): 88.4% of the women with stage IA tumors and 51.6% of the women with stage IB tumors received no RT. Older age, comorbid disease, a higher histologic grade, and a larger tumor size were independently associated with an increase in mortality. The receipt of vaginal brachytherapy (VB) was independently associated with a reduction in mortality for both stage IA disease (hazard ratio [HR], 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67‐0.97) and stage IB disease (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.51‐0.74).CONCLUSIONSAnalyses of this large database support the utility of postoperative VB for many women with stage I endometrial cancer. Unfortunately, RT appears to be underused in this population. Greater adherence to consensus guidelines may lead to improved outcomes. Cancer 2016;122:3724‐31. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Intensive treatment and survival outcomes in NUT midline carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Chau Nicole G. , Hurwitz Shelley , Mitchell Chelsey M. , Aserlind Alexandra , Grunfeld Noam , Kaplan Leah , Hsi Peter , Bauer Daniel E. , Lathan Christopher S. , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos , Tishler Roy B. , Haddad Robert I. , Sallan Stephen E. , Bradner James E. , French Christopher A. 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUNDNUT midline carcinoma is a rare and aggressive genetically characterized subtype of squamous cell carcinoma frequently arising from the head and neck. The characteristics and optimal management of head and neck NUT midline carcinoma (HNNMC) are unclear.METHODSA retrospective review of all known cases of HNNMC in the International NUT Midline Carcinoma Registry as of December 31, 2014, was performed. Forty‐eight consecutive patients were treated from 1993 to 2014, and clinicopathologic variables and outcomes for 40 patients were available for analyses; they composed the largest HNNMC cohort studied to date. Overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) according to patient characteristics and treatment were analyzed.RESULTSThis study identified a 5‐fold increase in the diagnosis of HNNMC from 2011 to 2014. The median age was 21.9 years (range, 0.1‐81.7 years); the male and female proportions were 40% and 60%, respectively; and 86% had bromodomain containing 4–nuclear protein in testis (BRD4‐NUT) fusion. The initial treatment was initial surgery with or without adjuvant chemoradiation or adjuvant radiation (56%), initial radiation with or without chemotherapy (15%), or initial chemotherapy with or without surgery or radiation (28%). The median PFS was 6.6 months (range, 4.7‐8.4 months). The median OS was 9.7 months (range, 6.6‐15.6 months). The 2‐year PFS rate was 26% (95% confidence interval [CI], 13%‐40%). The 2‐year OS rate was 30% (95% CI, 16%‐46%). Initial surgery with or without postoperative chemoradiation or radiation (P = .04) and complete resection with negative margins (P = .01) were significant predictors of improved OS even after adjustments for age, tumor size, and neck lymphadenopathy. Initial radiation or chemotherapy and the NUT translocation type were not associated with outcomes.CONCLUSIONSHNNMC portends a poor prognosis. Aggressive initial surgical resection with or without postoperative chemoradiation or radiation is associated with significantly enhanced survival. Chemotherapy or radiation alone is often inadequate. Cancer 2016;122:3632‐40. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Prognostic significance of day 14 bone marrow evaluation in adults with Philadelphia chromosome–negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Short Nicholas J. , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Sasaki Koji , Cortes Jorge E. , Ravandi Farhad , Thomas Deborah A. , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Khouri Issa , Kebriaei Partow , Champlin Richard E. , Pierce Sherry , Issa Ghayas C. , Konopleva Marina , Kadia Tapan M. , Bueso‐Ramos Carlos , Khoury Joseph D. , Jain Nitin , O'Brien Susan M. , Jabbour Elias 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUNDThe role of day 14 (D14) bone marrow (BM) assessment in detecting increased blasts in patients undergoing induction for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is not well defined.METHODSThis study evaluated 389 adolescent and adult patients with previously untreated Philadelphia chromosome–negative ALL who received frontline induction chemotherapy and for whom a D14 BM assessment was performed.RESULTSA D14 BM blast proportion < 10% (including blast‐free aplastic BM) was observed in 319 patients (82%), 10% to 29% was observed in 31 patients (8%), and ≥30% was observed in 39 patients (10%). The composite complete remission (CR)/complete remission with inadequate platelet recovery (CRp) rates for these groups were 99.7%, 87%, and 79%, respectively. The median event‐free survival (EFS) was 49, 33, and 9 months, respectively (P < .001). The median overall survival (OS) was 88, 37, and 21 months, respectively (P < .001). The D14 BM blast group was the only factor predictive for the achievement of CR/CRp (P < .001). According to a multivariate analysis, the D14 BM blast group was independently prognostic for both EFS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12‐1.85; P = .004) and OS (HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.14‐1.85; P = .003). However, when minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment at the time of CR was added to the model, the D14 BM blast group was no longer prognostic for EFS or OS.CONCLUSIONSAn assessment of residual D14 BM blasts in patients with ALL is highly predictive of the achievement of CR with induction chemotherapy and of EFS and OS. However, the D14 BM blast assessment is less prognostic of long‐term outcomes when an MRD assessment is also available. Cancer 2016;122:3812–3820. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
The positive predictive value of “suspicious for high‐grade urothelial carcinoma” in urinary tract cytology specimens: A single‐institution study of 665 cases
Authors: Joudi Anthony M. , Pambuccian Stefan E. , Wojcik Eva M. , Barkan Güliz A. 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUND“The Paris System” proposes a 7‐tier classification system for urine cytology. Establishing the risk of malignancy (ROM) associated with these diagnostic categories is essential to determine the appropriate management of patients. The objective of this study was to determine the ROM associated with the “positive” and “suspicious” categories.METHODSThe authors searched their electronic records for urine cytology specimens that had been diagnosed as “positive” or “suspicious” for high‐grade urothelial carcinoma within an 11‐year time frame. Then, the ROM was determined for these specimens within a 6‐month follow‐up interval. The cytologic diagnoses were correlated with surgical biopsy results, follow‐up cytology results, and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results.RESULTSIn total, 662 specimens (487 “positive” and 175 “suspicious”), corresponding to 387 patients (295 men and 92 women), were included. The majority of specimens were collected by bladder washing (568 of 662 specimens; 85.4%) and for the indication of surveillance (601 of 662 specimens; 82%). On follow‐up, bladder washing specimens were positive more often positive than voided urine specimens (466 of 570 [81.8%] vs 60 of 92 [65.2%]; P = .0005), and surveillance specimens were more often positive than specimens collected for other indications (82% vs 54.1%). The overall positive predictive value was higher for positive specimens than for suspicious specimens (365 of 461 [79.2%] vs 83 of 150 [55.3%]; P < .0001).CONCLUSIONSDiagnoses of suspicious for high‐grade urothelial carcinoma, as used at the authors' institution, have an ROM that is high but is lower than that for the “positive” category. Therefore, the authors suggest keeping the 2 categories separate, although management should be aggressive in both groups. Cancer Cytopathol 2016;124:811‐9. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Anxiety symptoms bias memory assessment in older adults
Authors: Williams M. W. , Kueider A. M. , Dmitrieva N. O. , Manly J. J. , Pieper C. F. , Verney S. P. , Gibbons L. E. 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundOlder adults with anxiety and/or depression experience additional memory dysfunction beyond that of the normal aging process. However, few studies have examined test bias in memory assessments due to anxiety and/or depressive symptoms. The current study investigated the influence of self‐reported symptoms of anxiety and depression on the measurement equivalence of memory tests in older adults.MethodThis is a secondary analysis of the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly dataset, a randomized controlled trial of community‐dwelling older adults. Baseline data were included in this study (n = 2802). Multiple indicators multiple causes modeling was employed to assess for measurement equivalence, differential item functioning (DIF), in memory tests.ResultsThe DIF was present for anxiety symptoms but not for depressive symptoms, such that higher anxiety placed older adults at a disadvantage on measures of memory performance. Analysis of DIF impact showed that compared with participants scoring in the bottom quartile of anxious symptoms, participants in the upper quartile exhibited memory performance scores that were 0.26 standard deviation lower.ConclusionAnxious but not depressive symptoms introduce test bias into the measurement of memory in older adults. This indicates that memory models for research and clinical purposes should account for the direct relationship between anxiety symptoms and memory tests in addition to the true relationship between anxiety symptoms and memory construct. These findings support routine assessments of anxiety symptoms among older adults in settings in which cognitive testing is being conducted. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.