bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of a Novel Extended‐Release Microsphere Formulation of Risperidone in Patients with Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder
Authors: Walling David P. , Dong Ying , Litman Robert , Wang Wenyan , Liu Chunli , Tai Joe , Liu Pinglan , Shi Yanan , Liu Wanhui , Fu Fenghua , Sun Kaoxiang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRisperidone extended‐release injectable suspension (R‐ERIS; marketed as RYKINDO) is a novel immediate‐release version of risperidone formulated as extended‐release microspheres for biweekly intramuscular injection to treat schizophrenia in adults. The pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of R‐ERIS were evaluated in a multicenter, randomized, open‐label, multiple‐dose study in patients with stable schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Eligible patients (N = 108) 18 to 65 years old were randomized (1:1) to receive IM injections of R‐ERIS 25 mg or the comparator, a biweekly risperidone long‐acting injectable (BW‐RLAI; marketed as RISPERDAL CONSTA) 25 mg for a total of 5 injections. The primary objective was to evaluate the relative bioavailability of active moiety (risperidone plus 9‐hydroxyrisperidone) at steady state. Blood samples were analyzed for risperidone and 9‐hydroxyrisperidone using a validated, specific, and sensitive liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method. Plasma concentration–time data were analyzed using non‐compartmental methods. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated based on individual patient PK profiles. Safety was assessed using standard measures. At steady state, mean plasma concentrations of the active moiety were similar for R‐ERIS and BW‐RLAI. R‐ERIS rapidly released risperidone after the injection without apparent lag time. Plasma active moiety levels reached steady state after the second injection of R‐ERIS. The elimination of the drug was completed approximately 2 weeks earlier for R‐ERIS as compared to that for BW‐RLAI. R‐ERIS was safe and well tolerated. Overall, R‐ERIS exhibited a faster onset and offset than BW‐RLAI and statistical analysis of exposure parameters demonstrated bioequivalence at steady state.
Numerical Analysis and Design of a High‐Frequency Surface Acoustic Wave Transducer: Influence of Piezoelectric Substrates and IDTs Configurations
Authors: Fernández‐García Alonso , Solís‐Tinoco Verónica Iraís , Arce Miguel Ángel Alemán , Villa‐Vargas Luis Alfonso , Salinas Marco Antonio Ramírez , García Juan Carlos Sánchez 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe development of SAW transducers requires a series of steps ranging from material selection and geometry design to the selection of fabrication techniques for their characterization and validation process. Here, we use the finite element method (FEM) to present a methodology and a detailed analysis of the design of SAW transducers in a delay line configuration. First, we simulate single‐finger and double‐finger configurations with different geometries and designs of IDTs on two piezoelectric substrates, LiNbO in 64 YX and LiNbO 128 YX orientation, to compare the simulation results with the analytical delta model and thereby validate the simulation process, presenting Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values ranging from 10.79 dB to 16.42 dB. With the above, we performed a comparative analysis to determine the influence of piezoelectric material and IDT configuration by studying a specific transducer design made to operate at a resonance frequency of 97.02 MHz. We compared identical designs on 128 YX and 64 YX orientations of LiNbO with single and double‐finger configurations and added the comparison with the SPUDT configuration. We observed the best results for the single‐finger IDT configuration in 128 YX LiNbO orientation compared to the other variants through its insertion loss level of −7.29 dB, its average sidelobe level of −18.63 dB, and its average transition band slope for the main lobe of 15.09 dB/MHz. The results guide new researchers or students in expanding the use of numerical tools in designing SAW transducers and SAW devices.
Assessment of Respiratory Muscles, Lung Parenchyma, and Cardiac Function by Ultrasound for Predicting Weaning Failure in Critically Ill Adults
Authors: Kannan Sundara , Khanna Puneet , Kayarat Bhavana , Ray Bikash Ranjan , Anand Rahul , Maitra Souvik , Baidya Dalim Kumar , Kashyap Lokesh 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesThe parasternal intercostal muscle activity, a marker of accessory muscle usage, is found to correlate inversely with the pressure‐generating capacity of the diaphragm and level of support of mechanical ventilation. The primary objective of our study was to determine whether the parasternal intercostal muscle thickening fraction (PMTF) measured by ultrasonography can predict weaning. We also evaluated whether addition of lung ultrasound score and echocardiographic assessment can add on to predicting weaning failure.MethodsThis prospective observational study conducted in a mixed medical‐surgical intensive care unit, included 60 adult patients who were eligible for a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) after being invasively mechanically ventilated for more than 48 hours. Ultrasound of respiratory muscles, lung parenchyma, and echocardiographic assessment were performed before and after 120 minutes of SBT. Parasternal intercostal muscles were imaged with a high frequency linear probe on the right second intercostal space 5 cm lateral to the sternal margin. PMTF was calculated as (maximum‐minimum thickness)/minimum thickness.ResultsAmong 60 patients, SBT failure was seen in 11 patients and extubation failed in 8 patients. PMTF (%) was significantly higher in the weaning failure group (13.33 [8.33–19.05]) as compared to patients with successful weaning (6.67 [6.06–11.54]). Diaphragmatic thickening fraction (DTF) correlated inversely to PMTF in patients with weaning failure. A pre‐SBT PMTF cut‐off of ≥7.7% and post‐SBT cut‐off of ≥15.38% were good predictors of weaning failure and extubation failure, respectively.ConclusionsPMTF has good discriminatory power to predict weaning outcomes (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.74 [0.59–0.88]). Pre‐SBT PMTF had similar power as DTF to predict weaning failure.
Comparison Between Ultrasonography and Radiography in the Detection of Epiphyseal Ossification Centers of the Knee in Infants With Permanent Congenital Hypothyroidism
Authors: Chiri Charlotte , Rapilat Daniela , Avni Freddy , Lefèvre Christine , Labreuche Julien , Lerisson Héloïse , Tillaux Céline , El Fayoumi Mohamed , Boutry Nathalie 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo demonstrate the usefulness of ultrasonography in detecting knee ossification centers in infants with permanent congenital hypothyroidism (PCH).MethodsFrom 2011 to 2021, all infants with PCH referred for thyroid ultrasound also underwent left knee ultrasound and radiography on the same day. Knee radiographs were compared with knee sonograms. Two pediatric radiologists reviewed the consensus knee radiographs and sonograms to identify femoral and tibial epiphyseal ossification centers (presence/absence). The concordance between ultrasonography and radiography was assessed. Another radiologist conducted a second late review to evaluate interobserver agreement.ResultsWe identified 125 patients (65 girls, 60 boys) with a mean age of 24 days (5 days–5 months). On scintigraphy, the thyroid was in place in 66.4%, ectopic in 24%, and absent in 9.6% of patients. The femoral center was observed in 108 patients (86.4%) via sonography and 106 patients (84.8%) via radiography. The tibial center was observed in 84 patients (67.2%) via sonography and radiography. Both femoral and tibial centers were present on sonography and radiography in 84 patients (67.2%). A single nucleus was present in 24 patients (19.2%) on sonography and 22 patients (17.6%) on radiography; it corresponded to the femoral center in all patients. The concordance between ultrasonography and radiography was 99% and 100%, respectively, for the detection of the femoral and tibial centers. Interobserver agreement was substantial to almost perfect for both ultrasonography and radiography.ConclusionUltrasonography is as effective as radiography in detecting knee ossification centers in PCH. It can be performed at the same time as thyroid examination, in place of radiography.
Neuralgic amyotrophy: An update in evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment approaches
Authors: Gabet Joelle M. , Anderson Noriko , Groothuis Jan T. , Zeldin Evan R. , Norbury John W. , Jack Andrew S. , Jacques Line , Sneag Darryl B. , Poncelet Ann 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNeuralgic amyotrophy (NA) is an underrecognized peripheral nerve disorder distinguished by severe pain followed by weakness in the distribution of one or more nerves, most commonly in the upper extremity. While classically felt to carry a favorable prognosis, updates in research have demonstrated that patients frequently endure delay in diagnosis and continue to experience long term pain, paresis, and fatigue even years after the diagnosis is made. A transition in therapeutic approach is recommended and described by this review, which emphasizes the necessity to target compensatory abnormal motor control and fatigue by focusing on motor coordination, energy conservation strategies, and behavioral change, rather than strength training which may worsen the symptoms. The development of structural hourglass‐like constrictions (HGCs) on imaging can help confirm the suspected clinical diagnosis, and in association with persistent weakness and limited recovery on electrodiagnostic testing may be considered for surgical consultation. Given the complex nature of management, a multidisciplinary approach is described, which can provide an optimal level of care and support for patients with persistent symptoms from NA and allow more unified guidance of rehabilitation and surgical referrals.
Mixed‐Integer Optimal Control via Reinforcement Learning: A Case Study on Hybrid Electric Vehicle Energy Management
Authors: Xu Jinming , Azad Nasser Lashgarian , Lin Yuan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMany optimal control problems require the simultaneous output of discrete and continuous control variables. These problems are typically formulated as mixed‐integer optimal control (MIOC) problems, which are challenging to solve due to the complexity of the solution space. Numerical methods such as branch‐and‐bound are computationally expensive and undesirable for real‐time control. This article proposes a novel hybrid‐action reinforcement learning (HARL) algorithm, twin delayed deep deterministic actor‐Q (TD3AQ), for MIOC problems. TD3AQ leverages actor‐critic and Q‐learning methods to manage discrete and continuous action spaces simultaneously. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on a plug‐in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) energy management problem, where real‐time control of the discrete variables, clutch engagement/disengagement and gear shift, and continuous variable, engine torque, is essential to maximize fuel economy while satisfying driving constraints. Simulation results show that TD3AQ achieves near‐optimal control, with only a 4.69% difference from dynamic programming (DP), and outperforms baseline reinforcement learning algorithms for hybrid action spaces. The sub‐millisecond execution time indicates potential applicability in other time‐critical scenarios, such as autonomous driving or robotic control.
Peridynamic computations for thin elastic rods
Authors: Partmann Kai , Dienst Manuel , Wieners Christian , Weinberg Kerstin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPeridynamics is a nonlocal continuum mechanics formulation well suited for simulating dynamic fracture phenomena. Various peridynamic material formulations have been developed in recent years. These models have some differences, particularly regarding the correct handling of elastic deformation. This study investigates the elastic wave propagation characteristics of bond‐based, ordinary state‐based, continuum‐kinematics‐inspired peridynamics and a local continuum consistent correspondence formulation. Specifically, it examines the behavior of longitudinal pressure waves within thin rods. While all formulations demonstrate adequate wave propagation handling, all except the correspondence formulation are sensitive to incomplete horizons. In contrast, the local continuum consistent formulation exhibits outstanding accuracy in modeling wave propagation. Moreover, the fascinating “spaghetti fracture” phenomenon, where a bent thin rod always breaks into three or more pieces, motivates additional investigations. It is shown that reproducing a different number of fragments using peridynamic simulations is possible. Although initial experiments can be replicated, the sensitivity to numerous parameters necessitates further investigations for a more comprehensive understanding and validation.
Exploratory Search and Beyond: A Study of Complex Search Scenarios within a Public Digital Library
Authors: Boon Miriam , Hoeber Orland , Hoeber Larena , Storie Dale , Ramshaw Veronica 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTComplex search scenarios and exploratory search processes are understudied within the context of public digital library systems. While the literature indicates that exploratory search is effective when undertaking complex search scenarios, the primary focus has been on searching conducted by students, academics, or professionals. In this paper, our focus is on whether public library patrons use such approaches and whether they have developed other ways to pursue complex search scenarios. Using retrospective think‐aloud protocols, nine participants first pursued a complex search scenario of their choosing without intervention, and then narrated what they were thinking and doing while watching a recording of their search. Thematic analysis was used to identify patterns within the data. Three themes were identified and examined in detail: exploratory search, planning, and pragmatism. The key finding is that while the exploratory search model matches some of the cognitive processes described by the participants, other processes were also employed. In particular, we identified both the metacognitive aspect of planning and the strategic decision‐making aspect of pragmatism. This work provides evidence of the need to expand the exploratory search model to include metacognitive and strategic decision‐making aspects.
“It's Enriched My Life.” Agency in the Digital World: Stories of Empowerment and Well‐Being
Authors: Goulding Anne , Campbell‐Meier Jennifer , Sylvester Allan , Solhjoo Niloofar 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTDigital inclusion interventions are designed to address challenges related to digital technology access and use. The complex relationships between digital technologies and people's general well‐being are important when considering the development of digital services, practices, policies, and interventions. This research explores the impact of digital inclusion on individual agency and provides evidence of how agency emerges from the use of digital technologies to contribute to well‐being. We present a framework of Digital Inclusion for Well‐being drawing on evidence from interviews with participants of three digital inclusion interventions in Aotearoa New Zealand. While recognizing that digital inclusion is a continuum and that some of our research participants were more digitally engaged that others, we propose a preliminary framework of digital inclusion connecting our participants' digital engagement with outcomes impacting their agency, and thus their well‐being.
Assessing Privacy Policies and App Settings for User Data Protection: A Data Subject‐Centered Framework Analysis of TikTok in the U.S. and Europe (2023–2024)
Authors: Kim Hyowon , Bratt Sarah 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examines the extent to which TikTok's privacy policies and app settings in the U.S. and Europe protect the rights entailed in the data subject‐centered framework. Using a case study approach, we analyze current policy documents and app settings to identify the alignment of TikTok's policies with the GDPR perspective. Our findings reveal that current policies and settings fall short in key areas. First, TikTok policies lack details related to managing and protecting sensitive data. Second, the policies neglect to discuss the responsibilities of social media companies when such data is utilized by unspecified third parties. Furthermore, there is a noticeable deficiency in the U.S. regarding detailed in‐app privacy notices and setting options, especially in terms of managing location data and advertisements. Additionally, there is a need for explanations on how specific settings impact users. Lastly, a critical demand exists for default settings, including those for advertisements, to enhance data protection.
Discursive AI Infrastructures: Envisioned and Overlooked Museum Futures
Authors: Kist Cassandra 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPrompted by recent innovations, artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being discussed across the museum sector regarding its implications for institutional roles and practices. However, AI in particular, is an ambiguous term, a ‘black box’ which is capable of containing and reflecting numerous values and ideals (Crawford, 2021). This paper positions discourse around AI as a ‘discursive’ infrastructure, capable of not only embodying ideals but also shaping and justifying certain institutional practices and roles. This paper thematically analyses 115 pieces of grey literature produced and shared by professional governance bodies in the museum sector from 1995–2023, mainly across Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In doing so, it identifies four preliminary themes encompassing shifts in discourse over time which give shape to a contemporary discursive infrastructure. This prompts timely critical reflections of museum professionals and stakeholders on both imagined and overlooked public roles, responsibilities, and practices of the museum in relation to AI.
Sociotechnical Factors Affecting Interoperability of Digital Humanities
Authors: Liu Rui , McKay Dana , Buchanan George 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn the past two decades, the digitization of humanities resources has rapidly expanded, giving rise to the field of Digital Humanities (DH). This evolution has fostered a growing need for effective interoperability—the ability to access and integrate data across diverse digital collections, tools, and platforms. Despite significant technological advancements and the development of standards aimed at facilitating interoperability, challenges persist. These challenges are not only technical but are also influenced by sociocultural factors, which include organizational and cultural elements. This paper aims to bridge the gap in the literature concerning these sociotechnical factors affecting interoperability within DH projects and collections.This paper presents the analysis of the real‐world experiences of DH researchers attempting to connect material from different sources. Each participant described a specific incident where combining software or content was particularly problematic. This data was analyzed via thematic analysis. The findings reveal a complex landscape of interoperability challenges, underpinned by a range of sociotechnical factors. These factors include, but are not limited to, discrepancies in metadata standards, differences in organizational cultures, and varying levels of technical expertise among practitioners. By highlighting these factors, the paper contributes valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of interoperability issues in DH, offering evidence‐based plans to address these challenges.
Primary Sources as Linked Data: Exploring Motives Across the Sciences and Social Sciences
Authors: Marsh Diana E. , Fenlon Katrina , Sorensen Amanda H. , Wise Nikki M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWhile long recognized in the humanities, there is growing recognition in the sciences and social sciences that primary sources—as diverse as manuscripts, photographs, cultural belongings, and specimens—hold vast data about scientific and human knowledge for use in scholarship, community research, and global knowledge. Yet, data embedded in these sources are largely disconnected from the systems of discovery, access, and structured data that support reuse and insights across globally dispersed repositories. In this paper, we share select findings of a systematic review to explore the use of primary sources, and the data embedded in them, via linked data across the sciences and social sciences. Our results confirm the use of a variety of primary source data across diverse disciplines, particularly those requiring longitudinal studies and data integration from diverse repositories and contexts. We highlight how linked data are understood to: connect collections to communities; support highly granular credit, attribution, and assessment of impact; and interrelate diverse sources of knowledge. While these results suggest the value of linked data for the specific research needs of anthropology, the effectiveness of linked data in achieving these objectives and the suitability of this approach for a diversity of institutions and communities need further study.
Disinformation in Science: Ethical Considerations for Citing Retracted Works
Authors: Million A. J. , Budd John 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the ethical implications of citing retracted biomedical literature, particularly in the context of spreading misinformation within scholarly discourse. It examines the responsibility of scientists to combat disinformation and uphold ethical standards in their research practices. To guide our discussion, we studied citations of the most often cited retracted works containing disinformation in Web of Science. Our findings confirm prior research and demonstrate that most citations to retracted papers reference them to bolster arguments or use methodologies without acknowledging their status. We conclude by interpreting our findings through a framework of moral obligation and argue that scientists have a special responsibility to combat disinformation, which may harm others. Cognitive authorities, namely scientists, citing invalid publications may perpetuate false beliefs and erode trust in scientific integrity.
Factors Influencing Professional Associations' Member Engagement Online: An “Information Practices” Approach
Authors: Potnis Devendra , Gala Bhakti , Seifi Leili , Warraich Nosheen , Lamba Manika , Reyes Vanessa 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMember engagement can benefit professional associations, their members, and the profession. Rarely any studies adopt the “information practices” approach to identify the factors influencing professional associations' member engagement. The experiences, epiphanies, and the frequency of 11 information practices of six SIG‐III officers and volunteers when planning and implementing 184 activities of eight initiatives from 2020 to 2023 helped this autoethnography study identify 99 sub‐factors and 18 factors influencing the member engagement online. Information production, dissemination, recording, use, and discovery emerge as the top 5 information practices of officers and volunteers, in the same order, for influencing the SIG member engagement. Managing member attendance, Sharing knowledge, Managing member attention, Meeting member needs, and Building trust serve as the top 5 factors, in the same order, for affecting the member engagement. We propose a theoretical model and provide guidance to associations to enhance and sustain member engagement.