bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of the shielding ability of a tungsten functional paper for diagnostic x‐rays and gamma rays
Authors: Monzen Hajime , Kanno Ikuo , Fujimoto Takahiro , Hiraoka Masahiro 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTungsten functional paper (TFP) is a novel paper‐based radiation‐shielding material. We measured the shielding ability of TFP against x‐rays and gamma rays. The TFP was supplied in 0.3‐mm‐thick sheets that contained 80% tungsten powder and 20% cellulose (C6H10O5) by mass. In dose measurements for x‐rays (60, 80, 100, and 120 kVp), we measured doses after through 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, and 12 TFP sheets, as well as 0.3 and 0.5 mm of lead. In lead equivalence measurements, we measured doses after through 2 and 10 TFP sheets for x‐rays (100 and 150 kVp), and 0, 7, 10, 20, and 30 TFP sheets for gamma rays from cesium‐137 source (662 keV). And then, the lead equivalent thicknesses of TFP were determined by comparison with doses after through standard lead plates (purity >99.9%). Additionally, we evaluated uniformity of the transmitted dose by TFP with a computed radiography image plate for 50 kVp x‐rays. A single TFP sheet was found to have a shielding ability of 65%, 53%, 48%, and 46% for x‐rays (60, 80, 100, and 120 kVp), respectively. The lead equivalent thicknesses of two TFP sheets were 0.10 ± 0.02, 0.09 ± 0.02 mmPb, and of ten TFP sheets were 0.48 ± 0.02 and 0.51 ± 0.02 mmPb for 100 and 150 kVp x‐rays, respectively. The lead equivalent thicknesses of 7, 10, 20, and 30 sheets of TFP for gamma rays from cesium‐137 source were estimated as 0.28, 0.43, 0.91, and 1.50 mmPb with an error of ± 0.01 mm. One TFP sheet had nonuniformity, however, seven TFP sheets provided complete shielding for 50 kVp x‐rays. TFP has adequate radiation shielding ability for x‐rays and gamma rays within the energy range used in diagnostic imaging field.
Gold‐Photoredox‐Cocatalyzed Tandem Oxycyclization/Coupling Sequence of Allenols and Diazonium Salts with Visible Light Mediation
Authors: Alcaide Benito , Almendros Pedro , Aparicio Borja , Lázaro‐Milla Carlos , Luna Amparo , Faza Olalla Nieto 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe room temperature radical cycloetherification/arylation cascade of allenols and diazonium salts has been accomplished via a combination of gold and photoredox catalysis to provide 2,3,4‐trisubstituted‐2,5‐dihydrofurans. The functionalized oxacycle formation sequence is chemo‐ and regioselective for the cycloetherification and for the position that bears the aryl moiety after the cross‐coupling. Mechanistic investigations revealed that this transformation proceeds through an initial oxidation of gold(I) to a phenyl gold(III) complex, which, upon coordination to the allene, catalyzes its cyclization and leads to the coupling product after a reductive elimination regenerating Au(I).magnified image
Synthesis and performance of different polyurethane foams as oil sorbents
Authors: Santos O. S. H. , da Silva M. Coelho , Yoshida M. I. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTOil sorption (g g−1) through different polyurethane foams has been investigated in this study. Polyurethane foams were synthesized with different additives: glycerol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 400, and 1‐dodecanol. All foams were applied as sorbents of diesel, motor oil, gasoline, kerosene, and crude oil. The foams were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, compressive resistance at 10% deformation and the elastic modulus, scanning electron microscopy, and apparent density. The best performance of oil sorption was achieved with PUF‐3, which has the greatest amount of the chain extender polyethylene glycol 400 and lowest density of all the evaluated foams. The sorption capacities (g g−1) of PUF‐3 were 16.8 (diesel), 15.7 (gasoline), 20.7 (oil motor), 25.4 (kerosene), and 29.8 (crude oil) and 100% removal of diesel from water was achieved, approximately. The foams with chain extenders and lower density values performed better as oil sorbents. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45409.
Gender and the psychopathology of everyday life in the photographic projections of Wyn Geleynse
Authors: Belton Robert J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe last 35 years have seen an international proliferation of artists specializing in temporary installations with projected photographic elements, among them Krzysztof Wodiczko, originally from Poland, B. K. H. Guttman in Germany, Karin Ogren in Sweden, and Bill Viola and Gary Hill in the United States. One of the earlier artists to implement projection as a significant metaphor – rather than as a mere novelty – is Wyn Geleynse, born in Rotterdam but a long‐time resident of London, Ontario, where he has pursued a fairly quiet lifestyle belying his growing international reputation in Amsterdam, New York, Paris, São Paulo and numerous other major centers. Geleyense's work is deeply informed by psychoanalytical thought, especially as regards the construction of male identity.
Surface Engineering of ITO Substrates to Improve the Memory Performance of an Asymmetric Conjugated Molecule with a Side Chain
Authors: Hou Xiang , Cheng Xue‐Feng , Xiao Xin , He Jing‐Hui , Xu Qing‐Feng , Li Hua , Li Na‐Jun , Chen Dong‐Yun , Lu Jian‐Mei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractOrganic multilevel random resistive access memory (RRAM) devices with an electrode/organic layer/electrode sandwich‐like structure suffer from poor reproducibility, such as low effective ternary device yields and a wide threshold voltage distribution, and improvements through organic material renovation are rather limited. In contrast, engineering of the electrode surfaces rather than molecule design has been demonstrated to boost the performance of organic electronics effectively. Herein, we introduce surface engineering into organic multilevel RRAMs to enhance their ternary memory performance. A new asymmetric conjugated molecule composed of phenothiazine and malononitrile with a side chain (PTZ‐PTZO‐CN) was fabricated in an indium tin oxide (ITO)/PTZ‐PTZO‐CN/Al sandwich‐like memory device. Modification of the ITO substrate with a phosphonic acid (PA) prior to device fabrication increased the ternary device yield (the ratio of effective ternary device) and narrowed the threshold voltage distribution. The crystallinity analysis revealed that PTZ‐PTZO‐CN grown on untreated ITO crystallized into two phases. After the surface engineering of ITO, this crystalline ambiguity was eliminated and a sole crystal phase was obtained that was the same as in the powder state. The unified crystal structure and improved grain mosaicity resulted in a lower threshold voltage and, therefore, a higher ternary device yield. Our result demonstrated that PA modification also improved the memory performance of an asymmetric conjugated molecule with a side chain.
Construal‐level Mindsets Enhance Behavioral Persistence in Response to Incentive Valence
Authors: Kulkarni Atul A. , Yuan Hong 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this research, we find that incentive valence and construal‐level mindsets can interact to influence behavioral persistence on challenging tasks. An abstract mindset improves persistence in response to positively framed incentives whereas a concrete mindset improves persistence in response to negatively framed incentives. This interaction effect can be observed even when the cues inducing construal‐level mindsets are not related to the incentives or the incentivized tasks. Participants in our studies were either positively or negatively incentivized to solve a set of difficult anagrams, and were primed with an abstract or a concrete mindset using spatial (Study 1) and social (Study 2) cues. The participants persisted longer in response to the positively framed incentive when primed with spatially or socially remote cues. In contrast, for the negatively framed incentive, participants persisted longer when primed with spatially or socially proximal cues. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Studying the relationship between a woman's reproductive lifespan and age at menarche using a Bayesian multivariate structured additive distributional regression model
Authors: Duarte Elisa , de Sousa Bruno , Cadarso‐Suárez Carmen , Klein Nadja , Kneib Thomas , Rodrigues Vítor 
Published: June 2017

AbstractStudies addressing breast cancer risk factors have been looking at trends relative to age at menarche and menopause. These studies point to a downward trend of age at menarche and an upward trend for age at menopause, meaning an increase of a woman's reproductive lifespan cycle. In addition to studying the effect of the year of birth on the expectation of age at menarche and a woman's reproductive lifespan, it is important to understand how a woman's cohort affects the correlation between these two variables. Since the behavior of age at menarche and menopause may vary with the geographic location of a woman's residence, the spatial effect of the municipality where a woman resides needs to be considered. Thus, a Bayesian multivariate structured additive distributional regression model is proposed in order to analyze how a woman's municipality and year of birth affects a woman's age of menarche, her lifespan cycle, and the correlation of the two. The data consists of 212,517 postmenopausal women, born between 1920 and 1965, who attended the breast cancer screening program in the central region of Portugal.
Fluorescence sensing of dichlorvos pesticide by the luminescent Tb(III)‐3‐ally‐salicylohydrazide probe
Authors: Ibrahim Ibrahim Ahmed , Abbas Abbas Mamdoh , Darwish Hatem Medhat 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA fluorescent probe was developed and characterized, it consisted of terbium(III) with 3‐ally‐salicylohydrazide in ethanol, in which the 1:2 [Tb3+:S1] molar ratio was the best stoichiometric ratio for the probe. The ligand 3‐ally‐salicylohydrazide (S1) was synthesized, then was confirmed by IR, CHN, LC–MS and 1H NMR. The sensitivity of the probe's fluorescence spectra towards the presence of eight organophosphorus pesticides in ethanolic solution was studied, in which the probe showed marked sensitivity towards dichlorvos pesticide. A tangible enhancement of the probe's fluorescence intensity was observed as a consequence of the gradual addition of dichlorvos pesticide. The calculated limit of detection (LOD) was 1.183 μM and limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 3.94 μM. Further characterization of the nature of forces acting in the interaction of the probe with dichlorvos was performed by calculation of binding constants at different temperatures according to the Benesi − Hildebrand equation, and the thermodynamic parameters ΔH, ΔS and ΔG. In order to assess the analytical applicability of the method, the influence of various potentially interfering anion and cations that naturally occur in water and soil were calculated.
Duplex ultrasonography for the detection of vertebral artery stenosis
Authors: Rozeman Anouk D. , Hund Hajo , Westein Michel , Wermer Marieke J. H. , Lycklama à Nijeholt Geert J. , Boiten Jelis , Schimsheimer Robert‐Jan , Algra Ale 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectivesVertebrobasilar stenosis is frequent in patients with posterior circulation stroke and it increases risk of recurrence. We investigated feasibility of duplex ultrasonography (DUS) for screening for extracranial vertebral artery stenosis and compared it with CT angiography (CTA).Materials and MethodsWe gathered data on 337 consecutive patients who had DUS because of posterior circulation stroke or TIA. Matching CTA studies were retrieved and used as reference. Stenosis on CTA was considered “significant” if >50%, at DUS if Peak Systolic Velocity (PSV) > 140 cm/s for the V1 segment and PSV > 125 cm/s for the V2 segment. We determined the area under the ROC curve (AUROC). In addition, we calculated which PSV cut‐off value resulted in highest sensitivity with acceptable specificity.ResultsDUS was able to make an adequate measurement in 378 of 674 V1 segments and 673 of 674 V2 segments. DUS detected a significant stenosis in 52 of 378 V1 segments; 12 were confirmed by CTA (AUROC 0.73, 95% Confidence Interval 0.63–0.83). The optimal DUS PSV cut‐off value for this segment was 90 cm/s. For the V2 segment there were too few stenoses to allow reliable assessment of diagnostic characteristics of DUS.ConclusionsAlthough DUS has a fair AUROC for detecting significant stenosis, adequate assessment of the V1 segment is often not possible due to anatomic difficulties. Assessment of the V2 segment is feasible but yielded few stenoses. Hence, we consider usefulness of DUS for screening of extracranial vertebral artery stenosis limited.
Peptide delivery with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate microneedles through swelling effect
Authors: Liu Shiying , Yeo David C. , Wiraja Christian , Tey Hong Liang , Mrksich Milan , Xu Chenjie 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTransdermal delivery of therapeutic biomolecules (including peptides) can avoid enzymatic digestion that occurs in the oral route. (Polyethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA)‐based microneedles, with good biocompatibility, are easily fabricated through photo‐polymerization with a precisely controlled structure. It has successfully been used for the transdermal delivery of small molecule drugs such as 5‐fluorouracil. However, the delivery of peptide‐based therapeutics using this platform is seldom reported. This is because of the potential damage to the peptide during the photo‐polymerization process of PEGDA. Herein, we introduce a method to load PEGDA microneedles with peptides without compromising peptide potency. Using gap junction inhibitor (Gap 26) as an example, the peptide was loaded into PEGDA microneedles through the swelling effect of PEGDA in the aqueous solution. The peptide‐loaded microneedles were applied to a keloid scar model and exhibited inhibition expression of collagen I, a predominant marker of keloid scar, demonstrating its potential therapeutic effects.
Rational Design of Domain‐Swapping‐Based c‐Type Cytochrome Heterodimers by Using Chimeric Proteins
Authors: Zhang Mohan , Nakanishi Tsukasa , Yamanaka Masaru , Nagao Satoshi , Yanagisawa Sachiko , Shomura Yasuhito , Shibata Naoki , Ogura Takashi , Higuchi Yoshiki , Hirota Shun 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe design of protein oligomers with multiple active sites has been gaining interest, owing to their potential use for biomaterials, which has encouraged researchers to develop a new design method. Three‐dimensional domain swapping is the unique phenomenon in which protein molecules exchange the same structural region between each other. Herein, to construct oligomeric heme proteins with different active sites by utilizing domain swapping, two c‐type cytochrome‐based chimeric proteins have been constructed and the domains swapped. According to X‐ray crystallographic analysis, the two chimeric proteins formed a domain‐swapped dimer with two His/Met coordinated hemes. By mutating the heme coordination structure of one of the two chimeric proteins, a domainswapped heterodimer with His/Met and His/H2O coordinated hemes was formed. Binding of an oxygen molecule to the His/H2O site of the heterodimer was confirmed by resonance Raman spectroscopy, in which the Fe−O2 stretching band was observed at 580 cm−1 for the reduced/oxygenated heterodimer (at 554 cm−1 under an 18O2 atmosphere). These results show that domain swapping is a useful method to design multiheme proteins.
Enhancement of the Mechanical Properties of Nanoparticulate Thin Coatings via Surface Modification and Cross‐Linking Additive
Authors: Hesselbach Jutta , Kockmann Alexander , Lüke Sabine , Overbeck Achim , Garnweitner Georg , Schilde Carsten , Kwade Arno 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe application of modified Al2O3 nanoparticles for thin coatings is investigated to improve especially the mechanical characteristics by cross‐linking the particles using an additive, together with the formulation parameters as well as the cross‐linking kinetics. In general, the experiments demonstrate that the mechanical properties, like hardness and scratch resistance, can be enhanced via particle surface modification in combination with a cross‐linking additive. Specifically, the optimal additive concentration was determined in order to obtain coatings with improved mechanical and constant optical properties. These results were related to the structure formation and cross‐linking behavior. Mechanisms were identified for this series of experiments to explain how the particles bond with each other and how the coating structure is formed by using different additive ratios.
Fluoro‐Carba‐Sugars are Glycomimetic Activators of the glmS Ribozyme
Authors: Matzner Daniel , Schüller Anna , Seitz Torben , Wittmann Valentin , Mayer Günter 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe glmS ribozyme is a bacterial gene‐regulating riboswitch that controls cell wall synthesis, depending on glucosamine‐6‐phosphate as a cofactor. Due to the presence of this ribozyme in several human pathogen bacteria (e.g., MRSA, VRSA), the glmS ribozyme represents an attractive target for the development of artificial cofactors. The substitution of the ring oxygen in carbohydrates by functionalized methylene groups leads to a new generation of glycomimetics that exploits distinct interaction possibilities with their target structure in biological systems. Herein, we describe the synthesis of mono‐fluoro‐modified carba variants of α‐d‐glucosamine and β‐l‐idosamine. (5aR)‐Fluoro‐carba‐α‐d‐glucosamine‐6‐phosphate is a synthetic mimic of the natural ligand of the glmS ribozyme and is capable of effectively addressing its unique self‐cleavage mechanism. However, in contrast to what was expected, the activity is significantly decreased compared to its non‐fluorinated analog. By combining self‐cleavage assays with the Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus glmS ribozyme and molecular docking studies, we provide a structure–activity relationship for fluorinated carba‐sugars.
Trimethylphosphate and Dimethylphosphate Hydrolysis by Binuclear CdII, MnII, and ZnII–FeII Promiscuous Organophosphate‐Degrading Enzyme: Reaction Mechanisms
Authors: Pinto Gaspar , Mazzone Gloria , Russo Nino , Toscano Marirosa 
Published: June 2017

AbstractOrganophosphate‐degrading enzyme from Agrobacterium radiobacter P230 exhibits promiscuity, not only in the reactions it catalyzes, but also in the metals it uses to catalyze those reactions. Here, three different binuclear metal centers were studied: di‐CdII, di‐MnII and ZnII–FeII. This enzyme uses these metal centers for hydrolyzing trimethyl‐ and dimethyl‐phosphates. Both mechanisms were studied at DFT level of theory using a cluster model approach. The ground spin state was determined for each enzyme. The outcomes confirmed that the hydrolysis of phosphotriester is faster than that of phosphodiester and in some case the phosphodiesterase reaction does not occur. The computed activation energies are in agreement with previous experimental results for phosphotriesterase enzymes.
Mixed‐Stack Charge Transfer Crystals of Pillar[5]quinone and Tetrathiafulvalene Exhibiting Ferroelectric Features
Authors: Shivakumar Kilingaru I. , Swathi Kadaba , Goudappagouda  , Das Tamal C. , Kumar Ashwani , Makde Ravindra D. , Vanka Kumar , Narayan Kavassery S. , Babu Sukumaran Santhosh , Sanjayan Gangadhar J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFerroelectric materials find extensive applications in the fabrication of compact memory devices and ultra‐sensitive multifunctional detectors. Face‐to‐face alternate stacking of electron donors and acceptors effectuate long‐range unidirectional ordering of charge‐transfer (CT) dipoles, promising tunable ferroelectricity. Herein we report a new TTF‐quinone system‐an emerald green CT complex consisting pillar[5]quinone (P5Q) and tetrathiafulvalene (TTF). The CT crystals, as determined by single crystal synchrotron X‐ray diffraction, adopt a 1:1 mixed‐stack arrangement of donor and acceptor with alternating dimers of TTF and 1,4‐dioxane encapsulated P5Q. The TTF‐P5Q.dioxane crystal possesses a macroscopic polarization axis giving rise to ferroelectricity at room temperature. The CT complex manifests ferroelectric features such as optical polarization rotation, temperature‐dependent phase transition and piezoelectric response in single crystals. Ferroelectric behavior observed in P5Q‐based CT complex widens the scope for further work on this structurally intriguing and readily accessible cyclic pentaquinone.
Validation of the 2015 prostate cancer grade groups for predicting long‐term oncologic outcomes in a shared equal‐access health system
Authors: Schulman Ariel A. , Howard Lauren E. , Tay Kae Jack , Tsivian Efrat , Sze Christina , Amling Christopher L. , Aronson William J. , Cooperberg Matthew R. , Kane Christopher J. , Terris Martha K. , Freedland Stephen J. , Polascik Thomas J. 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUNDA 5‐tier prognostic grade group (GG) system was enacted to simplify the risk stratification of patients with prostate cancer in which Gleason scores of ≤6, 3 + 4, 4 + 3, 8, and 9 or 10 are considered GG 1 through 5, respectively. The authors investigated the utility of biopsy GG for predicting long‐term oncologic outcomes after radical prostatectomy in an equal‐access health system.METHODSMen who underwent prostatectomy at 1 of 6 Veterans Affairs hospitals in the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital database between 2005 and 2015 were reviewed. The prognostic ability of biopsy GG was examined using Cox models. Interactions between GG and race also were tested.RESULTSIn total, 2509 men were identified who had data available on biopsy Gleason scores, covariates, and follow‐up. The cohort included men with GG 1 (909 patients; 36.2%), GG 2 (813 patients; 32.4%), GG 3 (398 patients; 15.9%), GG 4 (279 patients; 11.1%), and GG 5 (110 patients; 4.4%) prostate cancer. The cohort included 1002 African American men (41%). The median follow‐up was 60 months (interquartile range, 33‐90 months). Higher GG was associated with higher clinical stage, older age, more recent surgery, and surgical center (P < .001) as well as increased biochemical recurrence, secondary therapy, castration‐resistant prostate cancer, metastases, and prostate cancer‐specific mortality (all P < .001). There were no significant interactions with race in predicting measured outcomes.CONCLUSIONSThe 5‐tier GG system predicted multiple long‐term endpoints after radical prostatectomy in an equal‐access health system. The predictive value was consistent across races. Cancer 2017;123:4122–4129. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Contaminant source identification of water distribution networks using cultural algorithm
Authors: Yan Xuesong , Gong Wenyin , Wu Qinghua 
Published: June 2017

SummaryIn recent years, the drinking water pollution incident occurred frequently, a serious threat to social stability and security. By using the sensor networks real‐time monitoring the urban water supply networks, the water pollution event probability can be greatly reduced. But knowing how to use the water quality monitor sensor networks to collect information to identify pollution sources is still a challenging problem. In this paper, we formulate the contaminant source identification problem into an optimization problem, and then design the cultural algorithm to solve it by considering different sizes of water supply networks as the experimental data. Finally, the experimental results verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.