bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbial Tools in Agriculture Require an Ecological Context: Stress‐Dependent Non‐Additive Symbiont Interactions
Authors: Connor Elise W. , Sandy Moriah , Hawkes Christine V. 
Published: March 2017

Core IdeasLeaf fungal symbionts represent a potential new tool in agriculture.Effective fungal application requires an understanding of their interactions.Fungal interactions resulted in non‐additive plant growth and wilt responses.Fungal metabolites indicated qualitative additive, synergistic, or antagonistic plant responses.Fungal trait dissimilarity predicted the size of plant response deviations.Fungal symbionts are increasingly targeted as tools for crop management, but their use in the field requires an understanding of how fungi interact in a community context. Fungal interactions may result in additive effects on the host plant, which could be predicted simply based on individual fungal behavior. Alternatively, interactions among fungi may result in non‐additive synergistic or antagonistic effects on plant performance that are more challenging to predict. Here, we hypothesized that the effects of fungal interactions on the plant host could be predicted from their niche overlap. To test this idea, we used foliar fungal endophytes with a range of niche overlap based on trait dissimilarities to examine the effects of six fungal species pairs compared to the corresponding individual fungal species on switchgrass (Panicum virgatumL.) in water‐stressed and well‐watered conditions. Mixtures of endophytes had either no effect or predictable, additive effects on plant tiller number, but effects on plant growth rate and wilting were largely non‐additive. Moisture level, fungal stress, and metabolic trait dissimilarity predicted 51 to 92% of the deviation of fungal effects from additive, with less similar fungi likely to have more synergistic effects on the plant host. Furthermore, we identified indicator metabolites for fungal interaction outcomes. However, the effects of endophyte interactions on the plant host were environment dependent making single community applications more challenging. Overall, future development of microbial tools for use in agriculture must consider their interactions to optimize application.
O Desenvolvimento Regional na Estratégia da Política Externa do Governo Lula para a Integração da América do Sul
Authors: Da Costa Rogério Santos , Ferreira Paulo Roberto 
Published: March 2017

<p>Neste artigo analisa-se a perspectiva de desenvolvimento regional contida na estratégia da Política Externa rasileira no Governo de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva para a integração na América do Sul. Primeiramente apresenta-se a temática do desenvolvimento regional em processos de integração e seus desafios, em seguida caracterizam-se os precedentes deste processo nas experiências de integração regional latino-americana, para depois apontar as inovações do Governo Lula, finalizando com a analise das possibilidades e limitações desta estratégia, à guisa de conclusão. Utiliza-ze uma abordagem predominantemente qualitativa, tendo como recorte temporal principal os anos de 2003 a 2010, tendo como base dados primários documentos oficiais do Governo brasileiro, do Mercosul e Unasul, além de entrevistas não estruturadas, bem como uma base secundária composta de refer6encias na área em estudo. A principal constatação do estudo é de que a estratégia de integração regional do Governo Lula inova fortemente o conteúdo de desenvolvimento regional no processo de integração sul-americana, buscando ser um país pagador e líder do processo, na direção de uma integração com menos impactos de desigualdades de desenvolvimento na região.</p>
Volatile Inhibitors of Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase (PI3K) Pathway: Anticancer Potential of Aroma Compounds of Plant Essential Oils
Authors: Bordoloi Manobjyoti , Saikia Surovi , Kolita Bhaskor , Sarmah Rajeev , Roy Sonali , Narzary Bardwi 
Published: March 2017

Background:
Cancer is a grave health problem for the world as the global cancer burden rises to 14
million new cases with 8.2 million deaths every year which is expected to rise by 70% in the next 2 decades as
reported by the WHO.These steady rises in death demand for rapid developments in anti-cancer agents. Essential
oils, being natural and multi-component complex systems have recently attracted a lot of attention in this
search for novel anti-cancer agents.

Materials and Methods:
The pharmaceutical attributes of essential oil components, specifically focusing on
their affinity towards COX, 5-LOX, AKT, MDM2, PDK1 and mTOR which defines the phosphatidylinositol-3-
kinase (PI3K) pathway, were assessed. 123 compounds present in essential oils of different plants were analyzed
for their drug like attributes which were then allowed to dock with PI3K dependent receptors crucial for the
development of cancer malignancies. Among them, 21 compounds were filtered possessing high druglikeness
with favourable metabolism offered by major cytochromeP450 isoforms. Finally, the best docked compounds
with highest binding affinities were employed for building a ligand based pharmacophore.

Being inhibitors of P-glycoproteins, these molecules also exhibited good absorption profiles and noncarcinogenic
properties. Further from these 21, six compounds were evaluated against A549 lung cancer cells.

Results:
The pharmacophoric feature obtained can be applied for both designing and screening moieties for
active inhibitors of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase pathway specifically from essential oil compounds and
these final 21 compounds can be further promoted to studies for anti-cancer drug development. Among these,
six compounds exhibited promising inhibitory results against A549 lung cancer cells. Furthermore, immunoblotting
assay confirmed the efficacy of the compounds for inhibiting mTOR and AKT enzymes which are bandmasters
for downstream signaling of thePI3K pathway.

Conclusion:
Methyl nonanoate, (R)-citronellol, cis-carveol (L-carveol), 3-methyl-Cyclohexanone, 4-carene and
thujopsene were finally screened for PI3K targeted anti-cancer therapies which may find direct application as
inhalers or sprays against lung cancer as these compounds are highly volatile.
Adsorption of As(V), Cd(II) and Pb(II), in Multicomponent Aqueous Systems using Activated Carbons
Authors: Pirilä M. , Cruz G.J.F. , Ainassaari K. , Gomez M.M. , Matějová L. , Keiski R.L. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT: This paper studies the use of two activated carbon samples made of cocoa pod husk (CPH‐AC) and one commercial activated carbon sample in the adsorption of As(V), Cd(II) and Pb(II) from multicomponent synthetic solutions and from the Puyango‐Tumbes River water, a river located in northwest Peru. The characterization of the activated carbon samples was conducted. The CPH‐AC samples exhibited a specific surface area (SBET) between 709 and 1117 m2/g and a pH point of zero charge (pHPZC) between 4.4 ± 0.2 and 5 ± 0.2, while the commercial material gave an SBET value of 775 m2/g and a pHPZC value of 7.6 ± 0.1. All the evaluated samples displayed the capacity to adsorb As(V), Cd(II) and Pb(II) from both aqueous systems. The adsorption efficiency for Pb was outstanding reaching the value of 89%. A pseudo‐second order kinetic model was satisfactorily applied for most of the activated carbon samples.
THE RELATION BETWEEN PROTEIN AND FERRUM CONSUMPTION WITH HAEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION OF YOGYAKARTA STATE UNIVERSITY (UNY) STUDENTS
Authors: Yuliati Yuliati , Rahayu Tutik , Pertiwi Kartika Ratna 
Published: March 2017

This study aims to investigate the protein and ferrum consumption with the requirement nutrition and to study their relation with haemoglobin (Hb) concentration of UNY students, through cross sectional model with applying point time approach. The samples are UNY students taken from incidental technic. The food consumption pattern measured by food frequency instrument while the consumption level was measured by recall diet method. Hb concentration was determined using sahli method. The height and body weight were also collected to complete the data. The descriptive analysis and product moment correlation of the data resulted 95% significancy level. The 91,4% respondents showed the low protein consumption and all samples (100%) indicated low ferrum consumption. The correlation between protein and ferrum with Hb concentration provided a 95% significancy level. Keywords: protein, ferrum, haemoglobin
MATHEMATIC MODEL FOR SITY BUS SCHEDULING IN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Sahid Sahid , Yuli S Fitriana , Lestari Dwi 
Published: March 2017

Various methods can be used to construct a mathematical model of the transportation problems. One model that can be used is a linear model. Several studies have used a linear model to get the schedule and the optimal route of bus trips. This research will build a mathematical model of a city bus transportation problems in DIY using linear models. Linear model is built to get the condition density city bus passengers on shifts respectively that morning, noon, and evening. After finding a suitable model, applied to the bus passengers data in Yogyakarta. From these results it can be seen the optimum conditions in terms of density, because the condition of the city bus at this time that quiet enthusiasts. Besides, the optimum density at each shift in the morning is 11 passengers, 10 passengers during the day, and evening 9 passengers. Keywords: transportation problems, the linear model, the optimal route, density
OPTIMATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL SUBSTANCE PRODUCTION IN CELL FREE EXTRACT FROM THERMOPHYLIC BACTERIA FERMENTATION AFTER MERAPI ERRUPTION
Authors: Yulianti Evy , Rakhmawati Anna , Pertiwi Kartika Ratna 
Published: March 2017

The aims of this study was to investigate the effect of medium with different pH (6,7,9), salt concentration (0,5; 1; 2 %) and fermentation periode (24 and 48 hr) to the antimicrobial activity of cell free extract to three pathogens, Eschericia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albican. This study consists of antimicrobial compounds production with different medium and continued by antimicrobial tested to fungi and bacterial pathogens Eschericia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albican by Kirby Bauer method with paper disk. Different salt concentration, pH and fermentation periode affected the antimicrobial activity potency of cell free extract yielded by thermophylic bacteria. Treatment which yielded CFE with the best antimicrobial activity was treatment with 24 hr fermentation, pH 7 and salt concentration 2% to S aureus and pH 6 salt concentration 1% to E coli. Cell free extract had no potency as antifungi to Candida albicans except CFE yielded by thermophylic bacteria fermented in medium with pH 7 and salt concentration 1% in 24 hr with inhibition zone index 1,17. Keywords: cell free extract, antimicrobial, pH, salt concentration, fermentation period
FREQUENCY COMPONENT EXTRACTION OF HEARTBEAT CUES WITH SHORT TIME FOURIER TRANSFORM (STFT)
Authors: Sumarna Sumarna , Purwanto Agus , Agustika Dyah Kurniawati 
Published: March 2017

Abstract Electro-acoustic human heartbeat detector have been made with the main parts : (a) stetoscope (piece chest), (b) mic condenser, (c) transistor amplifier, and (d) cues analysis program with MATLAB. The frequency components that contained in heartbeat. cues have also been extracted with Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) from 9 volunteers. The results of the analysis showed that heart rate appeared in every cue frequency spectrum with their harmony. The steps of the research were including detector instrument design, test and instrument repair, cues heartbeat recording with Sound Forge 10 program and stored in wav file ; cues breaking at the start and the end, and extraction/cues analysis using MATLAB. The MATLAB program included filter (bandpass filter with bandwidth between 0.01 – 110 Hz), cues breaking with hamming window and every part was calculated using Fourier Transform (STFT mechanism) and the result were shown in frequency spectrum graph. Keywords: frequency components extraction, heartbeat cues, Short Time Fourier Transform
UTILIZATION PROBIOTIC LACTIC ACID BACTERIA FISH FROM WASTE FAECES ON LDL LEVEL BLOOD BROILER CHICKENS STRAIN LOHMANN
Authors: Astuti Astuti , Umniyati Siti , Rakhmawati Anna , Yulianti Evy 
Published: March 2017

Abstract This study aims to determine the effect of lactic acid bacteria supplement from sewge force feeding fish to the LDL content of broiler chicken blood. The research samples are 40 of 1 day old broiler chicken from PT. Multi Breeder Adiram, which were divided into 4 treatments, were taken randomly and maintined for 42 days. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance using a completely randomized design unidirectional pattern, followed by a test of Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT).Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolates treatment (BAL) were used in this study is the bacterium Streptococcus thermopillus in the form of freeze drying from the Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, UGM. I as a control treatment (without BAL) Treatment II BAL cell count was 106 CFU / ml., The third treatment is the number of BAL Cells are 107CFU / ml. , IV treatment BAL cell count was 108 CFU /ml. The results showed that there is no significant effect of BAL isolate addition on the LDL level of the broiler chicken blood. Keywords: lactic acid bacteria, LDL, freeze drying
Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap Ibu Dengan Bendungan ASi di Puskesmas Sidomulyo Pekanbaru Tahun 2016
Authors: Yanti Penti Dora 
Published: March 2017

<p><em>Berdasarkan data dari Departemen Kesehatan Indonesia, menyatakan 38% wanita di dunia usia diatas 25 tahun disepakati tidak menyusui bayinya dikarenakan bendungan ASI. Sementara hasil survey di Puskesmas Sidomulyo Rawat Inap tahun 2010 kejadian bendungan ASI pada ibu menyusui yaitu 3-4 % kejadian dari 100 ibu menyusui, kejadian ini dikarenakan menurunnya tingkat perawatan payudara sehingga akan cenderung mengakibatkan terjadinya peningkatan angka kejadian bendungan ASI. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis </em><em>h</em><em>ubungan </em><em>p</em><em>engetahuan dan </em><em>s</em><em>ikap </em><em>i</em><em>bu tentang </em><em>p</em><em>erawatan </em><em>p</em><em>ayudara dengan </em><em>k</em><em>ejadian </em><em>b</em><em>endungan ASI. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini berjumlah 210 ibu menyusui yang berkunjung di Puskesmas Rawat Inap Sidomulyo Pekanbaru tahun 2016, teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan accidental sampling dengan jumlah sampel 67 orang, pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer dengan instrument penelitian adalah ku</em><em>i</em><em>sioner. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan p value = 0,003 &lt; α 0,05 yang berarti ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan tentang perawatan payudara dengan kejadian bendungan ASI dan untuk variabel sikap p value = 0,001 &lt; α 0,05 yang berarti ada hubungan yang bermakna antara sikap tentang perawatan payudara dengan kejadian bendungan ASI.</em></p>
BINARISASI CITRA MENGGUNAKAN PENCOCOKAN PIKSEL
Authors: Mulyana Teady Matius Surya 
Published: March 2017

Proses binarisasi untuk memisahkan antara obyek dengan latar belakang sangat diperlukan pada visi komputer. Permasalahan yang sering terjadi adalah latar belakang seringkali mempunyai warna yang bervariasi. Sehingga diperlukan proses untuk membedakan obyek dengan latar belakangnya yang mempunya warna yang bervariasi tersebut. Sebagai pre-processing dari visi komputer, diperlukan proses yang sederhana yang tidak menyita waktu dan usaha untuk melakukan binarisasi tersebut. Setiap piksel pada citra mempunyai nilai tertentu yang akan menghasilkan warna pada citra. Untuk mempermudah proses pengenalan citra, warna tersebut harus disederhanakan dalam bentuk citra biner. Dengan penyederhanaan ini didapatkan citra yang merupakan obyek citra dengan menghilangkan piksel yang merupakan latar. Proses binarisasi citra dilakukan dengan pencocokan piksel antara citra latar dengan citra yang diuji. Pencocokan ini memerlukan batas toleransi tertentu. Dimana piksel yang berada pada batasan tertentu yang menganggap pada range tersebut dianggap piksel yang berisi informasi latar, sedangkan yang berada diluar batasan dianggap piksel yang berisi informasi obyek.Pencocokan piksel mampu untuk memisahkan obyek dari latar belakangnya. Proses ini diterapkan pada contoh aplikasi sederhana untuk memicu perekaman gambar dimana jika dideteksi adanya obyek, maka program akan merekan gambar secara otomatis.
APLIKASI LOCATION BASE SYSTEM PENYEDIA INFORMASI LAYANAN DARURAT BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Arief Rifiana , Adji Gestyar Satrio 
Published: March 2017

Aplikasi ini menyediakan informasi layanan darurat yang ada di sekitar Universitas Gunadarma Depok seperti Rumah Sakit, Kantor Polisi dan Pemadam Kebakaran. Fitur yang ada di aplikasi ini adalah dapat mencari lokasi layanan darurat, menyediakan informasi penting terkait dengan layanan darurat, dapat menelpon layanan darurat, dan melalui aplikasi juga dapat mengakses ke alamat website layanan darurat yang dibutuhkan pengguna. Tersedianya aplikasi berbasis Location Base System ini memudahkan pencarian letak lokasi layanan darurat sekitar Universitas Gunadarma Depok melalui perangkat Android. Pembangunan aplikasi ini melalui beberapa tahapan, yaitu perencanaan (konten, perangkat keras, perangkat lunak), perancangan struktur navigasi, perancangan tampilan antar muka, dan pembuatan aplikasi dengan Intel XDK dan uji coba fitur dengan metode black box. Manfaat dari aplikasi ini akan mempermudah pengguna dalam pencarian informasi dan lokasi Layanan Darurat terdekat dengan memanfaatkan fitur Location Base System pada smartphone Android. Diharapkan adanya aplikasi ini dapat dijadikan alternatif untuk mengatasi masalah dalam mencari informasi dan letak lokasi layanan darurat disekitar Kampus Gunadarma Depok.
SIMULASI ANTRIAN PAKET DATA JARINGAN DENGAN MEKANISME DROP TAIL
Authors: Fajri Misbahul 
Published: March 2017

Perkembangan penggunaan komputer dengan akses jaringan serta layanannya cepat berkembang dari masa ke masa, ini membuat kepadatan trafik data pada jaringan internet maupun intranet. Kemacetan jaringan internet pertama kali dialami pada akhir tahun 80-an, pada saat itu belum adanya mekanisme yang menangani hal tersebut. kemudian ditemukannya teorinya yaitu Congestion Avoidance and Control. Congestion adalah pengumpulan paket melebihi kapasitas bandwidth yang tersedia pada link, congestion akan mengakibatkan penurun kinerja jaringan diantaranya; multiple packet losses, utilitas link yang rendah (low throughput), delay antrian yang tinggi, dan kemacetan yang parah (congestion collapse). Penanganan kepadata jaringan sangat penting, ini membuat banyaknya metode-metode baru yang muncul dari metode sederhana sampai yang canggih, semuanya itu mempunyai kekurangan dan kelebihan, serta karakateristik masing-masing, ini menjadikan riset yang menantang untuk dipelajari dan dikembangkan, termaksud dalam penelitian ini. Pada penelitian ini dengan menggunakan simulator OPNET dibuat topologi jaringan bottlenect yang akan diimplemetasikan metode AQM klasik FIFO (Drop Tail) dengan trafik layanan seperti, FTP. Sehingga dapat dilihat penggunaan buffer pada router dalam penanganan antrian, juga berapa banyak trafik droped dan trafik sendnya, serta delay. Hasilnya dapat dilihat bahwa Drop Tail adalah solusi yang bekerja dengan baik dalam mengatasi antrian dalam buffer management dengan ditunjukkan 3 karakteristik yang baik yaitu pada Packet Dropped, Pengiriman Ulang, dan Buffer Usage.
EFEK MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISIONS DAN TES POTENSI AKADEMIK TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA PADA MATERI OPTIK GEOMETRI
Authors: Gultom Andar S. , Bukit Nurdin 
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this research is to determine whether there is anydifference in result of learning physics which is taught with cooperative modeltype STAD model and DI model in grade 10, to determine the effect of thestudent’s academic potential level for the Physics learning outcomes and toknow whether there is an interaction between cooperative learning model typeSTAD and student’s academic potential as the Physics learning outcomes. Thisresearch is a quasi-experiment with two-way design. The population in thisresearch is all students in grade 10 with research sample Class X-1 as the controlclass and Class X-2 as the experiment class which have 32 students in each. Thedata analysis technique used SPSS 17, ANOVA Factorial 2x2. Based on the test performed, it is concluded: there are differences between the Physics learningoutcomes that was taught with cooperative model type STAD and DI model, there was student’s academic potential influence on Physics learning outcomes therewas an interaction between cooperative model type STAD and student’sacademic potential in improving learning outcomes that was show on Schaeffer Test.
ANALISIS PENGUASAAN KONSEP AWAL FISIKA PADAPEMBELAJARAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL ADVANCE ORGANIZER BERBASIS EKSPERIMEN TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA
Authors: Sungkawan Ramlan , . Motlan 
Published: March 2017

This study was aimed to determine the differences between: (1) student’s study result of using advance organizer Model and direct instruction model and (2) student’s study result who at first have low or highcomprehension in physical concept. (3) The relation between advanceorganizer model and direct instruction model to develop student study interestin physics. This is quasi experimental research which students of secondsemester of grade X SMK N 1 Pantai Labu Deli Serdang as a populationchose random sample of each class. The instrument that is used: (1) test forfirst comprehension of concept (2) test for study result which “DynamicPower” as a basic material. The test is used to obtain the data is form of essay.And the data were collected in essay and analyzed according to ANAVA. Itshows that: (1) there are the different between students’ study results that useadvance organizer and direct instruction. (2) There are the differencesbetween students’ study results that have low or high skill in advanceorganizer or Direct Instruction class. (3) There is no interaction between theusing learning of advance organizer or direct Instruction and the degree ofconcept comprehension to develop students’ study result.