bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arts-based palliative care training, education and staff development: A scoping review
Authors: Turton Benjamin Mark , Williams Sion , Burton Christopher R , Williams Lynne 
Published: June 2017

Background: The experience of art offers an emerging field in healthcare staff development, much of which is appropriate to the practice of palliative care. The workings of aesthetic learning interventions such as interactive theatre in relation to palliative and end-of-life care staff development programmes are widely uncharted. Aim: To investigate the use of aesthetic learning interventions used in palliative and end-of-life care staff development programmes. Design: Scoping review. Data sources: Published literature from 1997 to 2015, MEDLINE, CINAHL and Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, key journals and citation tracking. Results: The review included 138 studies containing 60 types of art. Studies explored palliative care scenarios from a safe distance. Learning from art as experience involved the amalgamation of action, emotion and meaning. Art forms were used to transport healthcare professionals into an aesthetic learning experience that could be reflected in the lived experience of healthcare practice. The proposed learning included the development of practical and technical skills; empathy and compassion; awareness of self; awareness of others and the wider narrative of illness; and personal development. Conclusion: Aesthetic learning interventions might be helpful in the delivery of palliative care staff development programmes by offering another dimension to the learning experience. As researchers continue to find solutions to understanding the efficacy of such interventions, we argue that evaluating the contextual factors, including the interplay between the experience of the programme and its impact on the healthcare professional, will help identify how the programmes work and thus how they can contribute to improvements in palliative care.
Preventive Interventions for the Second Half of Life: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hajat Cother , Selwyn Adriana , Harris Mark , Yach Derek 
Published: June 2017

Objective: Recent improvements in life expectancy globally require intensified focus on noncommunicable diseases and age-related conditions. The purpose of this article is to inform the development of age-specific prevention guidelines for adults aged 50 and above, which are currently lacking. Data Source: PubMed, Cochrane database, and Google Scholar and explicit outreach to experts in the field. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria: Meta-analyses, intervention-based, and prospective cohort studies that reported all-cause mortality, disease-specific mortality, or morbidity in adults were included. Data Extraction: A systematic review was undertaken in 2015 using search terms of a combination of <risk factor> and “intervention,” “mortality,” “reduction,” “improvement,” “death,” and “morbidity.” Data Synthesis: Interventions were categorized according to the Center for Evidence-Based Medicine Level of Evidence framework. Results: A summary table reports for each intervention the impact, strength of evidence, initiation, duration, and details of the intervention. Age-decade-specific preventive recommendations have been proposed relating to physical activity, diet, tobacco and alcohol use, medication adherence, screening and vaccination, and mental and cognitive health. Conclusion: Clear recommendations have been made according to the existing evidence base, but further research investment is needed to fill the many gaps. Further, personalized approaches to healthy aging complemented by population-wide approaches and broader cross-sector partnerships will help to ensure greater longevity is an opportunity, rather than a burden, for society.
Do single or sequential measurements of leptin and adiponectin in plasma have prognostic value in pulmonary arterial hypertension?
Authors: Tonelli Adriano R. , Fares Wassim H. , Dakkak Wael , Rao Youlan , Zhou Xuan , Dweik Raed A. 
Published: June 2017

Leptin (a neuroendocrine peptide that enhances metabolism and acts on the hypothalamus to suppress appetite) and adiponectin (a protein that has insulin‐sensitizing, anti‐inflammatory, and antiproliferative properties) are involved in the pathobiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We hypothesized that plasma leptin and adiponectin as well as the leptin/adiponectin ratio are abnormal in PAH patients and their levels track with disease severity and functional changes during follow‐up. We tested this hypothesis in a cohort of patients included in the 16‐week, international, multicenter, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled FREEDOM‐C2 study. Blood was collected at baseline and week 16 in 178 out of 310 randomized patients with PAH. Baseline plasma leptin and adiponectin concentrations were 25 ± 31 ng/mL and 7.8 ± 6.1 ug/mL, respectively. Leptin, adiponectin, and leptin/adiponectin (mean ± SD) changes at 16 week were of small magnitude. Leptin at baseline was significantly associated with older age, higher BMI, higher Borg dyspnea index, and lower NT‐pro BNP. Women had higher levels of leptin than men (30.5 ± 33.2 versus 7.2 ± 6.4 ng/mL), even when adjusting for background therapy and etiology (linear regression: β = 21.8, P < 0.001). Adiponectin was negatively associated with BMI and positively associated with NT‐pro BNP. Changes in leptin, adiponectin, and leptin/adiponectin ratio adjusted for weight at 16 weeks did not predict functional class, distance walk in 6 min or survival at one, two, three, or four years. Plasma leptin and adiponectin at baseline and their change at 16‐week do not appear to significantly impact prognosis in PAH.
Maneckiite, ideally NaCa2Fe2+2(Fe3+Mg)Mn2(PO4)6(H2O)2, a new phosphate mineral of the wicksite supergroup from the Michałkowa pegmatite, Góry Sowie Block, southwestern Poland
Authors: Pieczka Adam , Hawthorne Frank C. , Gołębiowska Bożena , Włodek Adam , Grochowina Anna 
Published: June 2017

AbstractManeckiite, ideally NaCa2Fe22þ(Fe3+Mg)Mn2(PO4)6(H2O)2, was found in a pegmatite at Michałkowa, Góry Sowie Block, SW Poland. The mineral forms subhedral and anhedral crystals ~150 μm × 150 μm in the outer zone of phosphate nodules, where it is associated with fluorapatite, wolfeite, Ca-rich graftonite and alluaudite-group minerals. Maneckiite is transparent, dark brown, with a colourless streak and vitreous lustre, brittle, and has a good cleavage // {010}, a splintery fracture and a Mohs hardness of ~5. The calculated density is 3.531 g cm–3. Maneckiite is pleochroic: α = dark green, β = dark blue/green, γ = light brown/tan, biaxial (+) with refractive indices α = 1.698(2), β = 1.706(2), γ = 1.727(2) and birefringence Δ = ~0.03; 2Vmeas. = 65.9 (1.5)° and 2Vcalc. = 64°, dispersion is obscured by the dark colour, and optical orientation X//a, Y//b, Z//c. Maneckite is orthorhombic (Pcab) and has unit-cell parametersa= 12.526(4) Å,b= 12.914(5) Å,c= 11.664(4) Å andV= 1886.8(5) Å3. The strongest reflections are (dhklin Å;I;hkl): 2.759, 100, 402; 2.916, 78, 004; 3.020, 68, 401; 2.844, 35, 014; 2.869, 31, 240; 2.825, 30, 042. Maneckiite has the wicksite structure and is itsM(3)Mn-analogue. The mineral crystallized as a product of Na- and Ca-metasomatism induced by a HT fluid in the presence of Al3+from a neighbouring aluminosilicate melt. A Gladstone-Dale index, 0.027, places maneckiite in the category ‘excellent’.
Industry shutdown rates and permanent layoffs: evidence from firm-worker matched data
Authors: Huynh Kim P. , Ostrovsky Yuri , Petrunia Robert J. , Voia Marcel C. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Firm shutdown creates a turbulent situation for workers as it leads directly to layoffs for its workers. An additional consideration is whether a firm’s shutdown within an industry creates turbulence for workers at other continuing firms. Using data drawn from the Longitudinal Worker File, a Canadian firm-worker matched employment database, we investigate the impact of industry shutdown rates on workers at continuing firm. This paper exploits variation in shutdown rates across industries and within an industry over time to explain the rate of permanent layoffs and the growth of workers’ earnings. We find an increase in industry shutdown rates increases the probability of permanent layoffs and decreases earnings growth for workers at continuing firms.
Frequency of BRAF V600E Mutation in the Mexican Population of Patients With Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Ruiz-Garcia Erika , Matus-Santos Juan A. , Guadarrama-Orozco Jorge Alberto , Alvarez-Avitia Miguel Angel , Aguilar-Ponce Jose Luis , Fernandez-Figueroa Edith , Maldonado-Mendoza Jessica , Lopez-Camarillo Cesar , Marchat Laurence A. , Lino-Silva Saul , Cuellar-Hubbe Mario , de la Garza-Salazar Jamie , Meneses-García Abelardo , Astudillo-de la Vega Horacio , Martinez-Said Hector 
Published: June 2017

Purpose The BRAF V600E mutation has been described in melanomas occurring in the Caucasian, European, and Asian populations. However, in the Mexican population, the status and clinical significance of BRAF mutation has not been researched on a large scale. Methods Consecutive BRAF-tested Mexican patients with metastatic melanoma (n = 127) were analyzed for mutations in exon 15 of the BRAF gene in genomic DNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction technology for amplification and detection. The results were correlated with the clinical-pathologic features and the prognosis of the patients. Results The frequency of somatic mutation V600E within the BRAF gene was 54.6% (43 of 127 patients). Nodular melanoma was the most prevalent subtype in our population, with BRAF mutations in 37.2% (16 of 55 patients). In contrast, superficial spread had a frequency of 18.6% BRAF mutation (eight of 24). Other clinicopathologic features were assessed to correlate with the mutation status. Conclusion This study searched for the most prevalent BRAF V600E mutation type in melanoma in a heterogeneous population from Mexico. Nodular melanoma was found to be the most prevalent in metastatic presentation and the presence of BRAF V600E mutation, perhaps related to the mixed ancestry; in the north, ancestry is predominantly European and in the south, it is predominantly Asian. The outcomes of the mutation correlations were similar to those found in other populations.
Chemoradiation and the Role of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Lymph Nodal–Metastatic Cervical Cancer
Authors: Ali Nasir , Valimohammad Azmina Tajdin , Abbasi Ahmed Nadeem , Mansha Muhammad Atif , Hafiz Asim , Qureshi Bilal Mazhar 
Published: June 2017

Purpose To report the long-term outcome in lymph nodal–metastatic cervical squamous cell cancer after chemoradiation followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients and Methods Between 2010 and 2013, five patients were diagnosed with advanced cervical cancer with clinically involved para-aortic lymph nodes (ie, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IVB). These patients were treated with concurrent chemoradiation therapy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Concurrent chemoradiation consisted of cisplatin given once per week concomitantly with extended-field radiation therapy followed by high-dose-rate brachytherapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy comprised four courses of carboplatin and paclitaxel given every three weeks. The primary outcomes were local and distant failures. Results None of the patients had local recurrence or distal failure after a minimum follow-up time of 3 years. Conclusion Adjuvant chemotherapy after chemoradiation has a probable role in the management of lymph nodal–metastatic cervical cancer.
Impact of Immigration Status on Cancer Outcomes in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Cheung Matthew C. , Earle Craig C. , Fischer Hadas D. , Camacho Ximena , Liu Ning , Saskin Refik , Shah Baiju R. , Austin Peter C. , Singh Simron 
Published: June 2017

Background: Prior studies have documented inferior health outcomes in vulnerable populations, including racial minorities and those with disadvantaged socioeconomic status. The impact of immigration on cancer-related outcomes is less clear. Methods: Administrative databases were linked to create a cohort of incident cancer cases (colorectal, lung, prostate, head and neck, breast, and hematologic malignancies) from 2000 to 2012 in Ontario, Canada. Cancer patients who immigrated to Canada (from 1985 onward) were compared with those who were Canadian born (or immigrated before 1985). Patients were followed from diagnosis until death (cancer-specific or all-cause). Cox proportional hazards models were estimated to determine the impact of immigration on mortality after adjusting for explanatory variables. Additional adjusted models studied the relationship of time since immigration and cancer-specific and overall mortality. Results: From 2000 to 2012, 11,485 cancer cases were diagnosed in recent immigrants (0 to 10 years in Canada), 17,844 cases in nonrecent immigrants (11 to 25 years), and 416,118 cases in nonimmigrants. After adjustment, the hazard of mortality was lower for recent immigrants (hazard ratio [HR], 0.843; 95% CI, 0.814 to 0.873) and nonrecent immigrants (HR, 0.902; 95% CI, 0.876 to 0.928) compared with nonimmigrants. Cancer-specific mortality was also lower for recent immigrants (HR, 0.857; 95% CI, 0.823 to 0.893) and nonrecent immigrants (HR, 0.907; 95% CI, 0.875 to 0.94). Among immigrants, each year from the original landing was associated with increased mortality (HR, 1.004; 95% CI, 1.000 to 1.009) and a trend to increased cancer-specific mortality (HR, 1.005; 95% CI, 0.999 to 1.010). Conclusion: Immigrants demonstrate a healthy immigrant effect, with lower cancer-specific mortality compared with Canadian-born individuals. This benefit seems to diminish over time, as the survival of immigrants from common cancers potentially converges with the Canadian norm.
Financial Impact of Cancer Drug Wastage and Potential Cost Savings From Mitigation Strategies
Authors: Leung Caitlyn Y.W. , Cheung Matthew C. , Charbonneau Lauren F. , Prica Anca , Ng Pamela , Chan Kelvin K.W. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose: Cancer drug wastage occurs when a parenteral drug within a fixed vial is not administered fully to a patient. This study investigated the extent of drug wastage, the financial impact on the hospital budget, and the cost savings associated with current mitigation strategies. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in three University of Toronto–affiliated hospitals of various sizes. We recorded the actual amount of drug wasted over a 2-week period while using current mitigation strategies. Single-dose vial cancer drugs with the highest wastage potentials were identified (14 drugs). To calculate the hypothetical drug wastage with no mitigation strategies, we determined how many vials of drugs would be needed to fill a single prescription. Results: The total drug costs over the 2 weeks ranged from $50,257 to $716,983 in the three institutions. With existing mitigation strategies, the actual drug wastage over the 2 weeks ranged from $928 to $5,472, which was approximately 1% to 2% of the total drug costs. In the hypothetical model with no mitigation strategies implemented, the projected drug cost wastage would have been $11,232 to $149,131, which accounted for 16% to 18% of the total drug costs. As a result, the potential annual savings while using current mitigation strategies range from 15% to 17%. Conclusion: The financial impact of drug wastage is substantial. Mitigation strategies lead to substantial cost savings, with the opportunity to reinvest those savings. More research is needed to determine the appropriate methods to minimize risk to patients while using the cost-saving mitigation strategies.
Increased Triacylglycerol Lipase Activity in Adipose Tissue of Lean and Obese Men During Endurance Exercise
Authors: Petridou Anatoli , Chatzinikolaou Athanasios , Avloniti Alexandra , Jamurtas Athanasios , Loules Gedeon , Papassotiriou Ioannis , Fatouros Ioannis , Mougios Vassilis 
Published: June 2017

AbstractContextAlthough there is increasing information on the mechanism of lipolysis in adipose tissue, the effect of exercise on individual factors of lipolysis is less well understood.ObjectiveWe compared changes in adipose-tissue triacylglycerol lipase activity and gene expression of adipose triacylglycerol lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), monoacylglycerol lipase, perilipin 1, and comparative gene identification 58 (CGI-58) during exercise between lean and obese men.Design and ParticipantsSeven lean and nine obese men cycled for 30 minutes at a heart rate of 130 to 140 beats per minute. At baseline and 5, 10, 20, and 30 minutes of exercise, we sampled subcutaneous adipose tissue for triacylglycerol lipase activity and mRNA determination, and blood for glycerol, nonesterified fatty acid, glucose, lactate, insulin, and catecholamine determination.SettingThe study was conducted at a university research unit.ResultsTriacylglycerol lipase activity increased at 10 minutes of exercise in the lean men and returned to baseline at 20 and 30 minutes. In the obese men, it was higher than baseline at 10, 20, and 30 minutes and higher than the corresponding values in the lean men at 20 and 30 minutes. No changes in mRNA levels were found during exercise, but the obese men had lower mRNA levels of ATGL, HSL, and CGI-58 compared with the lean men.ConclusionOur findings suggest different patterns of lipolytic stimulation during endurance exercise between lean and obese men. Differences in lipolytic rates seem to be due to differences in protein amount or activity, not mRNA levels.
APLICACIÓN DE FUNGICIDAS Y FERTILIZACIÓN NITROGENADA EN AVENA: EFECTOS SOBRE LA GENERACIÓN DE BIOMASA AÉREA Y RENDIMIENTO
Authors: DIETZ J. L. , SCHIERENBECK M. , MARTINEZ N. , SIMON M. R. 
Published: June 2017

El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de la fertilización nitrogenada (N) y la aplicación de fungicidas sobre la severidad causada por enfermedades foliares, índice de área foliar, biomasa aérea y rendimiento en avena. Se condujo un ensayo en la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales (FCAyF), UNLP, con diseño experimental en parcela sub-sub-sub dividida y tres repeticiones, siendo la parcela principal: dos ambientes (2011-2014), la sub-parcela: los tratamientos con y sin fungicidas, la sub-sub-parcela: los tratamientos con 0 y 60 kg N.ha -1 ; y la sub-sub-sub-parcela: tres genotipos (Líneas 5 y 6 de la FCAyF, y Bonaerense INTA Calén). La aplicación de fungicida disminuyó la severidad y la fertilización N la aumentó en EC8.2, estadio en que la roya de la hoja incrementó sus valores. En dicho estadio, el fungicida ejerció un mejor control en el tratamiento sin N. Tantola aplicación de fungicida como de N incrementaron el índice de área foliar, la biomasa aérea y el rendimiento. Las Líneas 5 y 6 presentaron un menor nivel de enfermedad, mayor biomasa y rendi-miento que Calén.
EVALUACIÓN DE LA CONVENIENCIA DE LOS MACROTÚNELES EN COMPARACIÓN CON MICROTÚNELES PARA EL CULTIVO DE FRUTILLA EN CORONDA
Authors: PERNUZZI C. , SORDO M. H. , TRAVADELO M. , MAINA M. , ACETTA P. 
Published: June 2017

El uso del macrotúnel forma parte de las últimas tecnologías incorporadas al cultivo de frutilla en la zona de Coronda (Santa Fe) con un alto nivel de aceptación. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue realizar la evaluación de un proyecto de inversión de una hectárea de macrotúneles dedicada al cultivo de frutillas, comparada con la estructura hasta ahora más usada de microtúneles. A partir de la metodología propia de la formulación y evaluación de proyectos a una tasa de corte de 15% y a 10 años, se elaboró el fl ujo de caja siguiendo un criterio incremental, microtúneles vs macrotúneles. El VAN obtenido fue de 1.986.581 $ y una TIR de 107,5%, criterios aceptables para confi rmar la conveniencia de la inversión. Al menos la producción del macrotúnel debería ser de 2.369 kg adicionales respecto al microtúnel para que se justifi que la inversión, siendo el período de repago de 2 años.
The Trials of Arnošt K.
Authors: Gordin Michael D. 
Published: June 2017

The Prague-born philosopher and historian of science Arnošt Kolman (1892–1979)—who often published under his Russian name Ernest Kol’man—has fallen into obscurity, much like dialectical materialism, the philosophy of science he represented. From modest Czech-Jewish origins, Kolman seized opportunities posed by the advent of the Bolshevik Revolution to advance to the highest levels of polemical Stalinist philosophy, returned to Prague as an activist laying the groundwork for the Communist coup in Czechoslovakia in February 1948, was arrested and held for three years by the Soviet secret police, returned to work in Moscow and Prague as a historian of science, played vastly contrasting roles in the Luzin Affair of the 1930s and the rehabilitation of cybernetics in the 1950s, and defected—after 58 years in the Communist Party of the Soviet Union—to Sweden in 1976. This article argues that Kolman’s biography represents his gradual separation of dialectical materialism from other aspects of Soviet authority, a disentanglement enabled by the perspective gained from repeated returns to Prague and the diversity of dialectical-materialist thought developed in the Eastern Bloc.
This essay is part of a special issue entitled THE BONDS OF HISTORY edited by Anita Guerrini.
“This Other Method”
Authors: Reinhardt Carsten 
Published: June 2017

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been and continues to be one of the most widely spread research techniques in the physical and life sciences, including medicine, since the technique’s invention in 1945. There is no basis, however, to account for a linear success story. Although NMR was used for decades in biochemistry and molecular biology, it had not contributed substantially to solving the big scientific problems in these areas. The goal set by its early proponents—to find out about the dynamics and functions of large biomolecules—was not successfully tackled until the 1980s, when new technology became available. Much of the pre-1980s history of NMR is arguably a history of the dependence of NMR on a rival method, x-ray crystallography. In this paper I will discuss the epistemic and social processes that made the continuation of NMR as a dependent research method possible, perhaps even inevitable. Following a comparison of x-ray crystallography and NMR in the structural elucidation of large biomolecules, the paper analyzes three examples of the practices of biochemical and biomedical research using NMR from the 1950s to the 1970s in the United States: first is a fundamental, almost reductionist approach with a basis in physics and goals in technology; second, a pragmatic one with a strong bent toward biological problems; and third, a methods-oriented program, involving issues of the former two and proving the most fruitful in the long term.
This essay is part of a special issue entitled THE BONDS OF HISTORY edited by Anita Guerrini.
“Neither a confession nor an accusation”
Authors: Richardson Alan W. 
Published: June 2017

Mary Jo Nye is one of our great historians of chemistry, especially of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Her work has been consistent and diligent in connecting the scientific research of the figures she studies to its larger intellectual and cultural contexts. Given the significance and the breadth of the historical figures she studies, this broad focus brings into her histories of chemistry and physics an expansive array of concerns, influences, cultural and political contexts. Of special interest to those of us whose research focuses on the history of philosophy of science, several of the figures substantially illuminated by Nye’s work are scientists who played important roles in the development of (history and) philosophy of science. Among these figures, J. D. Bernal and Michael Polanyi are only the most significant.
This essay is part of a special issue entitled THE BONDS OF HISTORY edited by Anita Guerrini.