bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Using the Scramble Method on the Efficiency in Mastering of vocabulary for the Arabic Language (Students of the Seventh Grade D in the Islamic At-Taufiqiyah Secondary School)
Authors: Ramadhan Yusfar , Septiana Syavita 
Published: September 2024

Â Â The scramble method is a group learning process by matching the question cards and answer cards that have been provided by the teacher according to the questions and is one of the language games that can acquire certain skills in a fun way. By implementing this method it can make it easier for students to understand Arabic vocabulary, so that an increase in students' understanding can be seen during the learning process. The purpose of this study was to find out how the process of implementing the scramble method was and to find out how effective the use of the scramble method was on the Arabic vocabulary comprehension skills of students in class VII â€œDâ€ MTs Pondok Pesantren At-Taufiqiyah Aeng Bajaraja Bluto Sumenep 2020/2021 Academic Year. This research uses a quantitative approach with the type of Quasi Experiment research using the Nonequivalent Control Group Design research design. Based on the results of the calculation of learning outcomes data obtained -â„Žig(18.851) >- (2.040) Then seen from the significance level is 0.000 which indicates a significance of 0.000 <0.05. This indicates that 0 is rejected and 1 is accepted. From the explanation above it can be concluded that there is a significant effectiveness between the use of the scramble method on the skill of understanding Arabic vocabulary. 0.05. This indicates that 0 is rejected and 1 is accepted. From the explanation above it can be concluded that there is a significant effectiveness between the use of the scramble method on the skill of understanding Arabic vocabulary. 0.05. This indicates that 0 is rejected and 1 is accepted. From the explanation above, it can be concluded that there is a significant effectiveness between the use of the scramble method on the skill of understanding Arabic vocabulary.
The Correlation Between Genre of Texts and Studentsâ€™ Reading Comprehension in Arabic Lenguage of the Eight Class of MTs Ummul Quro Pamekasan
Authors: Mansyur M 
Published: September 2024

This study focused on the topic, some problems of study have been formulated. They are: Is there any correlation between the genre of texts and studentsâ€™ reading comprehension in Arabic language of the eight class of MTs Ummul Quro Pamekasan? And How significantthe correlation between the genre of texts and studentsâ€™ reading comprehension in Arabic language of the eight class of MTs Ummul Quro Pamekasan. This research applies quantitative approach because the data will be studied is in the form of numerical data. The population of this study is the students in eight class of MTs Ummul Quro Pamekasan. There are 4 classes with about 116 students in total. From the results of the research conducted, it can be concluded that there is an any correlation between the genre of texts with studentsâ€™ reading comprehension in Arabic language of the eight class of MTs Ummul Quro Pamekasan. With a "" = 0.94, it is greater than the "r" table product moment both at 95% intervals and at 99% intervals where N = 20isÂ 0.44 and 0.56. After researchers have consulted with the level of interpretation, it there significant the correlation between the genre of texts with studentsâ€™ reading comprehension in Arabic language of the eight class of MTs Ummul Quro Pamekasan Â with very strong interpretation.
Peningkatan Keselamatan dan Kewaspadaan Penggunaan Jalan Desa RW 07 Kelurahan Merjosari Kecamatan Lowokwaru
Authors: Imam Khambali  , Sofiani Inda Rusdia , Nur Kasan  
Published: September 2024

Kelurahan Merjosari merupakan bagian dari Kecamatan Lowokwaru, yang terletak di Kota Malang bagian barat. Kelurahan ini terdiri atas 12 Rukun Warga yang berkembang menjadi 72 Rukun Tetangga. Berdasarkan data sampai pada tahun 2022 sudah beberapa kaca cembung yang terpasang dan tersebar dibeberapa sudut jalan. Kaca cembung sendiri memiliki fungsi yang cukup vital bagi pengguna jalan untuk meningkatkan kewaspadaan. Selain untuk keselamatan pengguna jalan dan juga bisa membantu mengurangi kemungkinan terjadinya tindak kriminal. Warga RW 07 sudah menyampaikan ada 2 titik tikungan yang membutuhkan pemasangan kaca cembung. Mereka berharap dengan semakin bertambahnya rambu lalu lintas dalam hal ini kaca cembung, maka kemungkinan terjadinya kecelakaan dapat semakin menurun. Kondisi saat ini ada tikungan dan sering tidak terbaca pengguna jalan di tikungan lawan. Hal ini disebabkan karena, pengguna jalan tidak mampu mendeteksi kondisi diseberang yang tertutupi oleh tembok warga. Ada juga lokasi dimana tidak terdapat bangunan, tetapi tertutupi oleh tanaman yang tinggi atau rimbun seperti kebun jeruk warga. Rangkaian kegiatan pengabdian ini dapat disimpulkan terdiri atas kegiatan pemasangan rambu kaca cembung yang telah disepakati masyarakat. Masing - masing kegiatan dilakukan dengan metode yang disesuaikan dengan cakupan bidang kegiatan, dan target serta proses evaluasi yang beragam. Masing - masing kegiatan pemasangan rambu kaca cembung dilakukan dalam 2 tahap. Pada tahap pertama dipasang 1 lampu cembung dengan memberikan penerangan disekitarnya. Pada tahap kedua, akan dilakukan pemasangan 1 kaca cembung di lokasi berbeda sesuai dengan kecepakatan. Dari kuesioner dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa 5 orang menyatakan kepuasannya terhadap pemasangan kaca cembung dan dua orang yang menyatakan sedang.
BIOLOGI REPRODUKSI IKAN BALOBO (Hyporhamphus quoyi) HASIL TANGKAPAN JARING BALOBO DI PERAIRAN DESA APARA KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN ARU
Authors: DeFretes Juliet J , Haruna Haruna , Hutubessy Barbara Grace 
Published: September 2024

Garfish is a small pelagic species that has long been used as a raw material for dry fish production from Maluku called balobo dried fish. Many species of Garfish have been exploited but the species Hyporhamphus quoyi has not much been informed. This study aims to understand the reproductive aspects of Garfish consisting of measuring the sex ratio, changes in the gonad maturity stages (GMS) and counting the size of the first size gonad maturity. Located at the waters of Apara village, Aru Archipelago Regency, this study was conducted using a balobo net from November to December 2023. The catches were identified, measured its fork length (FL cm) and dissected to examine its reproductive organ. The Chi-squire heterogeneity test was occupied to measure sex ratio at different sizes. GMS was accessed based on the morphology of testis and ovary. First size maturity was calculated using Spearman-Karber method. The target fish captured by the balobo net consists of the Hemirhamphus far and Hyporhamphus quoyi. The ratio of male and female Hyporhamphus quoyi is unbalanced (c2=8.36; df=1; P=0.0038) but the sex ratio based on the length distribution of fish is not significantly different ( c2=6.92; df=6; P =0.328). Changes in GMS during the observation period indicate the occurrence of spawning in November. Balobo fish reach gonad maturity at FL = 24.9cm for females and FL = 26.8cm for males. Since the optimum size of the fish Hyporhamphus quoyi caught by balobo net is 27cm, this net produced legal sized of fishes.
Synthesis of PPy-MnO2 Nanocomposite for Utilization in Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Hameed Firas J. , Ibrahim Isam M. 
Published: September 2024

Polypyrrole (PPy) nanocomposites were prepared using chemical oxidation and were combined with manganese oxide (MnO2) nanoparticles. The PPY-MnO2 nanocomposite was synthesized by integrating PPy nanofibers with varying volume ratio percentages of MnO2 dopant (10, 30, and 50% vol. ratio). The structural features of the PPy and PPy-MnO2 nanocomposite were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier transfor infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to demonstrate the molecular structures of primary materials and the final product of PPy, MnO2, and PPy- MnO2 nanocomposites. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) showed that the morphology of PPy consisted of a network of nanofibers. Increasing the volume ratios of manganese oxide added to the PPY nanofiber led to the increase of manganese oxide nanoparticles on the surface of the PPY nanofiber network. This resulted in a noticeable alteration in the structure of the nanocomposite. It has been observed that the nanocomposites demonstrate a significant level of pseudocapacitive activity. The highest capacitance of 236 F/g was observed when pure PPy was doped with 30% MnO2 compared to 125 F/g of the pure PPy.
Rebel Patients and Caregivers Podcast – Part II
Authors: Fox, Author Susannah , Barach, MD Paul , Bell, RN, MSN, MHA Sarah 
Published: September 2024

Inspiring patients are creating solutions and setting new standards for what’s possible in health and outcomes. In Part II of THMT’s Rebel Health podcast, anyone working inside healthcare who is fed up with the status quo, and ready to create change, should listen. The discussion is raw, bold and honest – all to improve health outcomes, keep people safe, find effective treatments. If you need an ally and strategies, Rebels are standing by to help including Telehealth and Medicine Today.
Discussion Topics

Outlining steps for patients, caregivers, and survivors to tap into the innovative ecosystem outside of traditional healthcare.
How healthcare has fallen short in addressing the needs of patients with rare conditions?
What are some of the challenges that clinicians are facing when they come across patients who have rare or unexplained conditions?
Has mainstream healthcare abandoned its workforce?
The evolution successful early grassroots groups and how they became part of mainstream medicine?
Has a lack of transformation in healthcare (clipboards, fax machines, and retro software) influenced the patient-led revolution and helped expedite progress in this space?
Where do healthcare professionals fit in this revolution?
Thoughts on actions listeners can take?

Where will this revolution take us in the next 5-10 years? Begin the learning journey in Part 1 of this podcast series on Telehealth and Medicine Today open access peer reviewed journal here.
Hybrid Block Chaotic Compressive Sensing and Chaotic Scrambling Algorithms for Color Image Encryption System
Authors: H. Sahar Asaad , A. Hussein Al-Delfi Hussein , F. Hassoon Ali 
Published: September 2024

This paper suggests a new image encryption algorithm based on block compressive sensing (BCS) and chaotic scrambling techniques. With compressive sensing (CS), signals can be sampled much lower than the Nyquist-Shannon rate while preserving their information content. BCS can be used as a one-step process by using a 3D logistic chaotic map, the measurement matrix is used as a secret key for encryption. BCS algorithm used an individual image reconstruction algorithm that leverages l_1norm minimization to promote signal sparsity, and a smoothing operator to enhance image quality. An encrypted image is first decomposed into three sub-images based on the tricolor theory; then, a discrete wavelet transform is used to sparsely process the three decomposed images. A 2D Henon map is used to scramble the compressed image after compression. This process further enhances the security of the system by increasing the complexity of the encryption process. The results showed that the proposed system provides better security and has a lower computational complexity than other methods. Furthermore, the proposed system is resistant to known attacks such as brute force and statistical attacks.
Oxidation kinetics of Ti6Al4V alloy deposited by wire arc additive manufacturing using argon gas as processing atmosphere
Authors: Ordaz-Cervantes J. E. , Morales Estrella Ricardo , Ortiz-Lara N. , Reyes-Gordillo E. , Espinosa-Arbelaez D. G. 
Published: September 2024

Ti6Al4V alloy is currently the most common metal alloy of the α+β phase type, its application is increasing as it has excellent properties at elevated temperatures. The main users of Ti6Al4V alloy are industries like of aerospace, naval, and biomedical; therefore, Ti6Al4V alloys one of the most studied material worldwide. One of the great advantages that Ti6Al4V alloy offers is the possibility of manufacturing components in situ by means of additive technologies.. Similar studies, in additive manufacturing, have reported the formation of titanium oxide on the surface of the material, followed by an oxygen-enriched region called "α-case". By means of thermogravimetric analysis, the oxidation effect on the surface of Ti6Al4V samples, obtained by wire arc additive manufacturing as well as samples from conventional manufacture, were studied. Argon gas, with an oxygen partial pressure of 1x10-5 atm, was used as the oxidation atmosphere within a range of 550°C to 950°C and oxidatión times of 60 min and 180 min. For the oxidation reaction, the kinetic analyses led to calculate the activation energy as 250 kJ/mol and 166 kJ/mol for the Ti6Al4V alloy processed by conventinal and additive manufacturing, respectively. The results of the of thermogravimetric analysis were fitted to a parabolic-type kinetic model. Furthemore, a mathematical model was proposed to predict the oxidation kinetics. The experimental data were fitted to the mathematical model in the range of 750 - 950°C for Ti6Al4V alloy by wire arc additive manufacturing. The oxidized microstructures were analized by optical and electronic microscopy finding α-case on the surface of the samples.
Focused ultrasound for the treatment of facet joint pain: a systematic review
Authors: Mahapatra Smruti , Francois Hendrick , Weber-Levine Carly , Jiang Kelly , Bhimreddy Meghana , Boateng Atta , Davidar A. Daniel , Routkevitch Denis , Chhatre Akhil , Manbachi Amir , Theodore Nicholas 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE
Chronic low-back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, and traditional pharmacotherapy fails to provide relief for many individuals with this condition. An estimated 15% of chronic LBP cases can be attributed to the facet joint. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a recent technology that enables noninvasive thermal ablation of tissue and has shown efficacy in treating tumors, neuropathic pain, and painful bone metastases. In this systematic review, the authors summarize the literature on lumbar facet joint–mediated pain treated with HIFU and report the effectiveness of HIFU on pain outcomes.

METHODS
All full-text English-language articles describing the use of focused ultrasound for facet joint pain were screened using the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Clinical studies were assessed for bias using the methodological index for nonrandomized studies.

RESULTS
Eleven studies (6 preclinical and 5 clinical) reporting on 50 patients were included. Eight of these studies (73%) used MR-guided focused ultrasound ablation and 3 used fluoroscopy. The medial branch nerve and posterior facet joint capsule were the most common targets for focused ablation. Although the energy used ranged from 300 to 2000 J, clinical studies predominantly operated in the range of 1000 to 1500 J. Pain reduction was seen in all clinical studies, with multiple-point reductions from average baseline pain scores in 6–12 months. No study reported any adverse events or complications.

CONCLUSIONS
HIFU can be effective in treating chronic low-back pain arising from the facet joint. Further clinical studies should explore the long-term effects of HIFU and monitor changes in pain reduction over time.
Magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound in the treatment of refractory essential tremor: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mortezaei Ali , Essibayi Muhammed Amir , Mirahmadi Eraghi Mohammad , Alizadeh Mohammadreza , Taghlabi Khaled M. , Eskandar Emad N. , Faraji Amir H. 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE
Magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is an emerging treatment for medication-refractory essential tremor (ET). The objective of this study was to evaluate long-term (up to 5 years) safety and efficacy of unilateral MRgFUS in the treatment of ET.

METHODS
The authors performed a systematic search through 4 databases to find relevant clinical studies. Binary outcomes were analyzed and reported as odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, while continuous outcomes were analyzed and reported as standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals. Furthermore, a univariable meta-regression was performed to evaluate the association between various covariates and the outcomes including the mean difference in the Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor (CRST) score and hand tremor scores. Sensitivity analysis was performed to address any heterogeneity.

RESULTS
A total of 43 studies comprising 1818 patients with ET who underwent MRgFUS were identified. Of the 1539 patients with data on sex, 1095 (71.2%) were male. The mean follow-up duration ranged from 3 months to 8.4 years among the studies. The mean total CRST score significantly decreased at 3, 6, and 12 months post-MRgFUS (SMD −4.5, p = 0.0069; SMD −4.9, p = 0.0045; and SMD −2.95, p = 0.0039, respectively). The mean hand tremor scores significantly mitigated at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months post-MRgFUS (SMD −3.99, p = 0.05; SMD −4.5, p = 0.05; SMD −1.99, p < 0.0001; SMD − 2.07, p = 0.0002; and SMD −2.1, p < 0.0001, respectively). Furthermore, the mean Quality of Life in Essential Tremor Questionnaire scores were improved at 3 months (SMD −2.8, p = 0.0025), 6 months (SMD −4.1, p = 0.04), 12 months (SMD −1.57, p = 0.0004), 2 years (SMD −1.64, p = 0.0003), and 3 years (SMD −1.14, p = 0.08). Our meta-regression findings showed that sex (p = 0.03), unlike age, handedness, symptom duration, and peak energy levels at 3 months, was associated with a significantly higher mean difference in tremor severity.

CONCLUSIONS
This meta-analysis provides strong evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of unilateral MRgFUS for the treatment of ET in terms of tremor severity and quality of life with acceptable adverse events.
MR-guided focused ultrasound in pediatric neurosurgery: current insights, technical challenges, and lessons learned from 45 treatments at Children’s National Hospital
Authors: Keating Gregory F. , Chesney Kelsi M. , Patel Nirali , Kilburn Lindsay , Fonseca Adriana , Packer Roger J. , Challa Chaitanya , O’Brien Patrick F. , Donoho Daniel A. , Myseros John S. , Oluigbo Chima , Keating Robert F. , Syed Hasan R. 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE
MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is an evolving technology with numerous present and potential applications in pediatric neurosurgery. The aim of this study was to describe the use of MRgFUS, technical challenges, complications, and lessons learned at a single children’s hospital.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis was performed of a prospectively collected database of all pediatric patients undergoing investigational use of MRgFUS for treatment of various neurosurgical pathologies at Children’s National Hospital. Treatment details, clinical workflow, and standard operating procedures are described. Patient demographics, procedure duration, and complications were obtained through a chart review of anesthesia and operative reports.

RESULTS
In total, 45 MRgFUS procedures were performed on 14 patients for treatment of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (n = 12), low-grade glioma (n = 1), or secondary dystonia (n = 1) between January 2022 and April 2024. The mean age at treatment was 9 (range 5–22) years, and 64% of the patients were male. With increased experience, the total anesthesia time, sonication time, and change in core body temperature during treatment all significantly decreased. Complications affected 4.4% of patients, including 1 case of scalp edema and 1 patient with a postprocedure epidural hematoma. Device malfunction requiring abortion of the procedure occurred in 1 case (2.2%). Technical challenges related to transducer malfunction and sonication errors occurred in 6.7% and 11.1% of cases, respectively, all overcome by subsequent user modifications.

CONCLUSIONS
The authors describe the largest series on MRgFUS technical aspects in pediatric neurosurgery at a single institution, comprising 45 total treatments. This study emphasizes potential technical challenges and provides valuable insights into the nuances of its application in pediatric patients.
A review of sonodynamic therapy for brain tumors
Authors: Hutton Dana L. , Burns Terry C. , Hossain-Ibrahim Kismet 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is gaining attention as a promising new noninvasive brain tumor treatment that targets and selectively kills tumor cells, with limited side effects. This review examines the mechanisms of SDT and ongoing clinical trials looking at optimization of sonication parameters for potential treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG). The results in the first patient with recurrent GBM treated at the Mayo Clinic are briefly discussed.

METHODS
The authors of this literature review used electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and OVID. Articles reporting relevant preclinical and clinical trials were identified by searching for text words/phrases and MeSH terms, including the following: "sonodynamic therapy," "SDT," "focused ultrasound," "5-ALA," "ALA," "brain tumors," "diffuse pontine glioma," "glioblastoma," and "high grade glioma."

RESULTS
Preclinical and clinical trials investigating the specific use of SDT in brain tumors were reviewed. In preclinical models of high-grade glioma and GBM, SDT has shown evidence of targeted tumor cell death via the production of reactive oxygen species. Emerging clinical trial results within recurrent GBM and DIPG show evidence of successful treatment response, with minimal side effects experienced by recruited patients. So far, SDT has been shown to be a promising noninvasive cancer treatment that is well tolerated by patients. The authors present pilot data suggesting good radiological response of GBM to a single SDT treatment, with unpublished observation of a lack of off-target effects even after multiple (monthly) sonication outpatient treatments. The scope of the clinical trials of SDT is to investigate whether it can be the means by which the fatal diagnosis of GBM or DIPG is converted into that of a chronic, treatable disease.

CONCLUSIONS
SDT is safe, repeatable, and better tolerated than both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It has been shown to have an effect in human cancer therapy, but more clinical trials are needed to establish standardized protocols for sonosensitizer delivery, treatment parameters, and combination therapies. The most appropriate timing of treatment also remains to be determined—whether to prevent recurrence in the postoperative period, or as a salvage option in patients with recurrent GBM for which redo surgery is inappropriate. It is hoped that SDT will also be developed for a wider spectrum of clinical indications, such as metastases, meningioma, and low-grade glioma. Further clinical trials are in preparation.