bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of aggregate gradation on permanent deformation behavior of a warm mix asphalt
Authors: Sangsefidi Ebrahim , Mansourkhaki Ali , Ziari Hasan 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In this study, the rut susceptibility of warm mix asphalt (WMA) was evaluated by laboratory material characterization tests that included repeated creep testing using universal testing machine (UTM-5P) on WMA and conventional hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures. With regard to the fact that aggregate makes up a high proportion of volume and mass of mixtures, this parameter is considered as an important constituent of asphalt concrete. So, one aggregate source, three gradations and three different percentages of Sasobit® content were used to manufacture mixtures. Four creep parameters, namely, flow number (FN), creep stiffness (CS), creep strain slope (CSS) and secondary initial point (SIP), were used to analyze the test results. The primary objective of this research effort was to conduct a comparison between permanent deformation of HMA and WMA mixtures and also to evaluate the effect of aggregate gradation and different Sasobit® contents on introduced creep parameters. Analysis of data shows that the creep behavior of both asphalt mixtures (HMA and WMA) was influenced by aggregate gradation and also by Sasobit® content. Comparison of test results between HMA and WMA exhibits that, in general, WMA mixtures exhibit improved rut resistance compared to conventional mixtures. Also, it is concluded that creep strength of WMA mixes are more susceptible to change in aggregate gradation compared to HMA mixes, while increasing in Sasobit® content produce more stable mixtures. In addition, it is determined that finer aggregate gradations were more influenced by change in the Sasobit® content.
Optimization of drilling parameters for fiber metal mesh laminate composites using Grey relational analysis
Authors: Sakthivel Munisamy , Vijayakumar Subramani 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Fiber metal laminate (FML) composite materials are an economical alternative to engineering materials because of their superior properties. While assembling these composites, drilling is unavoidable. Drilling of such materials is a difficult task because of the drilling induced damage. Reducing this damage requires an optimization of the drilling parameters. The main focus on the optimization of the process parameters in drilling of fiber metal mesh laminate (FMML) composites lies in the application of the Taguchi procedure with Grey relational analysis (GRA). In the respective drilling experiments, coated drills were used for the FMML which was specially made with stainless steel wire mesh (SSWM) in the middle layer and woven glass fiber on top and on bottom layer using vacuum bag molding. The drilling parameters such as point angle, spindle speed and feed rate were optimized with concern of multiple performance characteristics, such as thrust force, delamination factor and roundness. The results of the GRA indicate that the feed rate is the most influential parameter. The experimental results illustrate that with the help of the optimal drilling conditions, the machining performance in the complete composite component production process can be improved.
Effects of FSW parameters and pin geometry on the weldability of EN AW 2024 alloy
Authors: Kasman Şefika 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Fusion welding techniques are not recommended for the welding of EN AW 2024 aluminum alloy due to its dendritic structure, porosity, slug inclusion and distortion, etc. To prevent a decrease in weld joint strength, solid state welding techniques represent a more suitable alternative. Friction stir welding is commonly used for welding of aluminum alloys due to the welding temperature which is below melting point. The aim of the present study is to determine the optimal friction stir welding parameters using Taguchi-based Grey relational analysis. The tool pin shape, tool rotational speed and welding speed were considered as process parameters, while the ultimate tensile strength and percentage of elongation were considered as performance characteristics. The optimal level of each welding parameter was determined by the highest mean Grey relational grade of each parameter. The predicted optimal welding condition was confirmed by experiments. The effect of each parameter on the Grey relational grade was investigated using the probability value and the percentage contribution obtained from the analysis of variance. The results of the Grey relational analysis showed that the optimal friction stir welding parameter combination was the pin shape at first level with tool rotational speed of 500 rpm and welding speed of 80 mm × min−1 (PS1TRS1WS2). The evaluation of analysis of variance results indicated that the parameter with the highest contribution to the Grey relational grade value was the tool rotational speed, 39.79 %, and also, it has a large effect, at a 90 % significance level. An investigation of the macrostructure of each welded joint exhibited a sound weld joint for the triangular shaped pin. The tool rotational speed of 800 and 1000 rpm produced the lowest quality in welded joints due to a range of defects in the nugget zone.
Development of a mathematical model and its application to the stress evolution of a multi-crystalline silicon billet during continuous casting
Authors: Hu Yan , Li Muyi , Hao Hai 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
A mathematical model of the continuous casting process for multi-crystalline silicon billet has been developed to predict the stress evolution in the billet using the commercial finite element package, ProCAST. The calculated temperature was validated by the measured data, and the good agreement shows the reliability of the present model. The effects of casting parameters on the stress of a billet were investigated and the simulation results were validated by the analytical calculation data. The results indicated that the stress slightly decreased with the increasing of the pouring temperature. With increasing the cooling intensity in the secondary cooling zone and decreasing the casting speed, the billet stress increased. In the present work, it was found that at a pouring temperature of 1560°C, with air cooling in the secondary cooling zone and a casting speed of 1 mm s–1, a billet with low stress could be continuously cast.
A metastable phase diagram for the dynamic transformation of austenite at temperatures above the Ae3
Authors: Aranas Clodualdo , Jung In-Ho , Yue Stephen , Rodrigues Samuel F. , Jonas John J. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
A method is proposed for calculation of the pseudobinary phase diagram associated with the dynamic transformation of austenite to ferrite. Here the driving force is taken as the difference between the austenite flow stress at the moment of initiation and the yield stress of the fresh Widmanstätten ferrite that takes its place. The energy opposing the transformation consists of the Gibbs energy difference between austenite and ferrite at temperatures above the Ae3 and the work of accommodating the shear displacements and dilatation associated with the phase change. A metastable phase diagram is calculated for a 0.30 wt.% Mn-0.01 wt.% Si steel by balancing the driving force against the three obstacles. The results show that, under dynamic conditions, the ferrite phase field extends all the way from room temperature to that for the formation of delta ferrite.
Link Prediction on a Network of Co-occurring MeSH Terms: Towards Literature-based Discovery
Authors: Rindflesch Thomas , Hristovski Dimitar , Kastrin Andrej 
Published: July 2016

Summary
Objectives:Literature-based discovery (LBD) is a text mining methodology for automatically generating research hypotheses from existing knowledge. We mimic the process of LBD as a classification problem on a graph of MeSH terms. We employ unsupervised and supervised link prediction methods for predicting previously unknown connections between biomedical concepts.
Methods:We evaluate the effectiveness of link prediction through a series of experiments using a MeSH network that contains the history of link formation between biomedical concepts. We performed link prediction using proximity measures, such as common neighbor (CN), Jaccard coefficient (JC), Adamic / Adar index (AA) and preferential attachment (PA). Our approach relies on the assumption that similar nodes are more likely to establish a link in the future.
Results:Applying an unsupervised approach, the AA measure achieved the best performance in terms of area under the ROC curve (AUC = 0.76),gfollowed by CN, JC, and PA. In a supervised approach, we evaluate whether proximity measures can be combined to define a model of link formation across all four predictors. We applied various classifiers, including decision trees, k-nearest neighbors, logistic regression, multilayer perceptron, naïve Bayes, and random forests. Random forest classifier accomplishes the best performance (AUC = 0.87).
Conclusions:The link prediction approach proved to be effective for LBD processing. Supervised statistical learning approaches clearly outperform an unsupervised approach to link prediction.
RIEGER-TYPE PERIODICITY DURING SOLAR CYCLES 14–24: ESTIMATION OF DYNAMO MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTH IN THE SOLAR INTERIOR
Authors: Gurgenashvili Eka , Zaqarashvili Teimuraz V. , Kukhianidze Vasil , Oliver Ramon , Ballester Jose Luis , Ramishvili Giorgi , Shergelashvili Bidzina , Hanslmeier Arnold , Poedts Stefaan 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
Solar activity undergoes a variation over timescales of several months known as Rieger-type periodicity, which usually occurs near maxima of sunspot cycles. An early analysis showed that the periodicity appears only in some cycles and is absent in other cycles. But the appearance/absence during different cycles has not been explained. We performed a wavelet analysis of sunspot data from the Greenwich Royal Observatory and the Royal Observatory of Belgium during cycles 14–24. We found that the Rieger-type periods occur in all cycles, but they are cycle dependent: shorter periods occur during stronger cycles. Our analysis revealed a periodicity of 185–195 days during the weak cycles 14–15 and 24 and a periodicity of 155–165 days during the stronger cycles 16–23. We derived the dispersion relation of the spherical harmonics of the magnetic Rossby waves in the presence of differential rotation and a toroidal magnetic field in the dynamo layer near the base of the convection zone. This showed that the harmonics of fast Rossby waves with m = 1 and n = 4, where m (n) indicates the toroidal (poloidal) wavenumbers, perfectly fit with the observed periodicity. The variation of the toroidal field strength from weaker to stronger cycles may lead to the different periods found in those cycles, which explains the observed enigmatic feature of the Rieger-type periodicity. Finally, we used the observed periodicity to estimate the dynamo field strength during cycles 14–24. Our estimations suggest a field strength of ∼40 kG for the stronger cycles and ∼20 kG for the weaker cycles.
Une expérience d’éducation régénératrice : l’École Freinet à Vence (1934-1939)
Authors: Riondet Xavier 
Published: July 2016

Changer l’éducation et la société ? Comment Célestin et Élise Freinet pensent-ils cette question ? On se propose de répondre à cette question en revenant sur la création de l’École Freinet de Vence pendant l’entre-deux guerres et sur le sens politique de cette expérience. En mettant au jour les différents contextes en jeu et la singularité de cette école nouvelle, privée, prolétarienne et naturiste, cette étude montre comment l’expérience de Vence représente la concrétisation d’une pensée critique. Elle donne corps à une réponse originale quant au questionnement sur les changements sociétaux et scolaires à mener en France dans une perspective révolutionnaire.
Distribution of Discrete Time Delta-Hedging Error via a Recursive Relation
Authors: Park Minseok , Lee Kyungsub , Choe Geon Ho 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe introduce a new method to compute the approximate distribution of the Delta-hedging error for a path-dependent option, and calculate its value over various strike prices via a recursive relation and numerical integration. Including geometric Brownian motion and Merton's jump diffusion model, we obtain the approximate distribution of the Delta-hedging error by differentiating its price with respect to the strike price. The distribution from Monte Carlo simulation is compared with that obtained by our method.
Prediction-Correction Scheme for Decoupled Forward Backward Stochastic Differential Equations with Jumps
Authors: Fu Yu , Yang Jie , Zhao Weidong 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBy introducing a new Gaussian process and a new compensated Poisson random measure, we propose an explicit prediction-correction scheme for solving decoupled forward backward stochastic differential equations with jumps (FBSDEJs). For this scheme, we first theoretically obtain a general error estimate result, which implies that the scheme is stable. Then using this result, we rigorously prove that the accuracy of the explicit scheme can be of second order. Finally, we carry out some numerical experiments to verify our theoretical results.
Numerical Solution of Stochastic Ito-Volterra Integral Equations using Haar Wavelets
Authors: Mohammadi Fakhrodin 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis paper presents a computational method for solving stochastic Ito-Volterra integral equations. First, Haar wavelets and their properties are employed to derive a general procedure for forming the stochastic operational matrix of Haar wavelets. Then, application of this stochastic operational matrix for solving stochastic Ito-Volterra integral equations is explained. The convergence and error analysis of the proposed method are investigated. Finally, the efficiency of the presented method is confirmed by some examples.
Convergence of an Anisotropic Perfectly Matched Layer Method for Helmholtz Scattering Problems
Authors: Liang Chao , Xiang Xueshuang 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe anisotropic perfectly matched layer (APML) defines a continuous vector field outside a rectangle domain and performs the complex coordinate stretching along the vector field. Inspired by [Z. Chen et al., Inverse Probl. Imag., 7, (2013):663–678] and based on the idea of the shortest distance, we propose a new approach to construct the vector field which still allows us to prove the exponential decay of the stretched Green function without the constraint on the thickness of the PML layer. Moreover, by using the reflection argument, we prove the stability of the PML problem in the PML layer and the convergence of the PML method. Numerical experiments are also included.
Mesh Spacing Estimates and Efficiency Considerations for Moving Mesh Systems
Authors: Remski Joan 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAdaptive numerical methods for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) that control the movement of grid points are called moving mesh methods. In this paper, these methods are examined in the case where a separate PDE, that depends on a monitor function, controls the behavior of the mesh. This results in a system of PDEs: one controlling the mesh and another solving the physical problem that is of interest. For a class of monitor functions resembling the arc length monitor, a trade off between computational efficiency in solving the moving mesh system and the accuracy level of the solution to the physical PDE is demonstrated. This accuracy is measured in the density of mesh points in the desired portion of the domain where the function has steep gradient. The balance of computational efficiency versus accuracy is illustrated numerically with both the arc length monitor and a monitor that minimizes certain interpolation errors. Physical solutions with steep gradients in small portions of their domain are considered for both the analysis and the computations.
Parents’ occupation as correlate of students’ career aspiration in Public Secondary Schools in Ekpoma Metropolis
Authors: Ehigbor BO , Akinlosotu TN 
Published: July 2016

This study investigated the relationship between parents’ occupation and students’ career aspiration in public secondary schools in Esan West Local Government Area of Edo State. The correlational research design was adopted for the study. A sample of 320 students was drawn for by simple random sampling technique from a population of 3272 senior secondary school students in the 16 public schools in the local government. A self-designed inventory titled: Students Career and Parent Occupational Inventory (SCAPOI) was designed using Holland’s (1985) work on six (6) personality types namely: Realistic (R); Investigative (I); Social (S); Artistic (A); Enterprising (E); and Conventional personality type (C). The Kendall’s tau-b rank correlation technique was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 20). Results showed that there is a significant relationship between parents’ career/occupation and students’ career aspiration in public secondary schools in Ekpoma metropolis (r=.943, p<0.01). Sequel to findings, it was recommended that parents should cautiously avoid the tendency of pushing their children into pursuing those ‘wishful heights’ in their careers that they were unable to attain in other to make them accomplish their ‘own failings’.Keywords: Career, Personality type, Career Aspiration, Career Choice, Student
Influence of expertise on rockfall hazard assessment using empirical methods
Authors: Delonca Adeline , Verdel Thierry , Gunzburger Yann 
Published: July 2016

Abstract. To date, many rockfall hazard assessment methods still consider qualitative observations within their analysis. Based on this statement, knowledge and expertise are supposed to be major parameters of rockfall assessment. To test this hypothesis, an experiment was carried out in order to evaluate the influence of knowledge and expertise on rockfall hazard assessment. Three populations were selected, having different levels of expertise: (1) students in geosciences, (2) researchers in geosciences and (3) confirmed experts. These three populations evaluated the rockfall hazard level on the same site, considering two different methods: the Laboratoire des Ponts et Chaussées (LPC) method and a method partly based on the "slope mass rating" (SMR) method. To complement the analysis, the completion of an "a priori" assessment of the rockfall hazard was requested of each population, without using any method. The LPC method is the most widely used method in France for official hazard mapping. It combines two main indicators: the predisposition to instability and the expected magnitude. Reversely, the SMR method was used as an ad hoc quantitative method to investigate the effect of quantification within a method. These procedures were applied on a test site divided into three different sectors. A statistical treatment of the results (descriptive statistical analysis, chi-square independent test and ANOVA) shows that there is a significant influence of the method used on the rockfall hazard assessment, whatever the sector. However, there is a non-significant influence of the level of expertise of the population the sectors 2 and 3. On sector 1, there is a significant influence of the level of expertise, explained by the importance of the temporal probability assessment in the rockfall hazard assessment process. The SMR-based method seems highly sensitive to the "site activity" indicator and exhibits an important dispersion in its results. However, the results are more similar with the LPC qualitative method, even in the case of sector 1.
An ice-sheet-wide framework for englacial attenuation from ice-penetrating radar data
Authors: Jordan T. M. , Bamber J. L. , Williams C. N. , Paden J. D. , Siegert M. J. , Huybrechts P. , Gagliardini O. , Gillet-Chaulet F. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract. Radar inference of the bulk properties of glacier beds, most notably identifying basal melting, is, in general, derived from the basal reflection coefficient. On the scale of an ice sheet, unambiguous determination of basal reflection is primarily limited by uncertainty in the englacial attenuation of the radio wave, which is an Arrhenius function of temperature. Existing bed-returned power algorithms for deriving attenuation assume that the attenuation rate is regionally constant, which is not feasible at an ice-sheet-wide scale. Here we introduce a new semi-empirical framework for deriving englacial attenuation, and, to demonstrate its efficacy, we apply it to the Greenland Ice Sheet. A central feature is the use of a prior Arrhenius temperature model to estimate the spatial variation in englacial attenuation as a first guess input for the radar algorithm. We demonstrate regions of solution convergence for two input temperature fields and for independently analysed field campaigns. The coverage achieved is a trade-off with uncertainty and we propose that the algorithm can be "tuned" for discrimination of basal melt (attenuation loss uncertainty  ∼ 5 dB). This is supported by our physically realistic ( ∼ 20 dB) range for the basal reflection coefficient. Finally, we show that the attenuation solution can be used to predict the temperature bias of thermomechanical ice sheet models and is in agreement with known model temperature biases at the Dye 3 ice core.
Genre, Identity, and the Brain: Insights from Neuropsychology
Authors: Clark Irene 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The article explores several perspectives on the interconnection between genre and identity, an issue that has generated significant scholarship in rhetorical genre studies. It suggests that current work in neuroplasticity—that is, changes in the brain that can occur through learning and experience—complicates and problematizes the issue and is important to introduce into conversations about genre. Utilizing advanced brain technology, recent neuropsychological studies indicate that certain skills and experiences that contribute to identity formation can now be discerned in the brain but that the brain can change frequently in a variety of settings. These studies thus suggest that identity is not an essentialized or static construct. Rather, it should be viewed as multifaceted, altering frequently in response to various environmental factors. The article argues that although genres, in particular academic genres, may have at least some influence on identity, the interconnections are complex and fluid, can be understood in terms of performativity, and can be influenced by student agency. It also emphasizes the importance of addressing genre and metacognitive awareness in the classroom as a means of enabling students to understand and choose the identities they wish to assume.