bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-Help for Medically Unexplained Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: van Gils Anne , Schoevers Robert A. , Bonvanie Irma J. , Gelauff Jeannette M. , Roest Annelieke M. , Rosmalen Judith G.M. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

Objective
Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS), which are highly prevalent in all fields of medicine, are considered difficult to treat. The primary objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy of self-help for adults with MUS.

Methods
Four electronic databases were searched for relevant studies. Randomized controlled trials comparing self-help to usual care or waiting list in adults with MUS were selected. Studies were critically appraised using the Cochrane “risk of bias assessment tool.” Standardized mean differences (Hedges g) were pooled using a random-effects model. Outcomes were symptom severity and quality of life (QoL) directly posttreatment and at follow-up.

Results
Of 582 studies identified, 18 studies met all inclusion criteria. Studies were heterogeneous with regard to patient populations, intervention characteristics, and outcome measures. Compared with usual care or waiting list, self-help was associated with lower symptom severity (17 studies, n = 1894, g = 0.58, 95% confidence interval = 0.32–0.84, p < .001) and higher QoL (16 studies, n = 1504, g = 0.66, 95% confidence interval = 0.34–0.99, p < .001) directly posttreatment. Similar effect sizes were found at follow-up. A high risk of bias was established in most of the included studies. However, sensitivity analyses suggested that this did not significantly influence study results. Funnel plot asymmetry indicated potential publication bias.

Conclusions
Self-help is associated with a significant reduction in symptom severity and improvement of QoL. The methodological quality of included studies was suboptimal, and further research is needed to confirm the findings of this meta-analysis.
Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Angiography of the Head and Neck With Single-Source Computed Tomography
Authors: Kaemmerer Nadine , Brand Michael , Hammon Matthias , May Matthias , Wuest Wolfgang , Krauss Bernhard , Uder Michael , Lell Michael M. 
Published: May 2016

Objectives
Dual-energy computed tomographic angiography (DE-CTA) has been demonstrated to improve the visualization of the head and neck vessels. The aim of this study was to test the potential of split-filter single-source dual-energy CT to automatically remove bone from the final CTA data set.

Materials and Methods
Dual-energy CTA was performed in 50 consecutive patients to evaluate the supra-aortic arteries, either to grade carotid artery stenosis or to rule out traumatic dissections. Dual-energy CTA was performed on a 128-slice single-source CT system equipped with a special filter array to separate the 120-kV spectrum into a high- and a low-energy spectrum for DE-based automated bone removal. Image quality of fully automated bone suppression and subsequent manual optimization was evaluated by 2 radiologists on maximum intensity projections using a 4-grade scoring system. The effect of image reconstruction with an iterative metal artifact reduction algorithm on DE postprocessing was tested using a 3-grade scoring system, and the time demand for each postprocessing step was measured.

Results
Two patients were excluded due to insufficient arterial contrast enhancement; in the remaining 48 patients, automated bone removal could be performed successfully. The addition of iterative metal artifact reduction algorithm improved image quality in 58.3% of the cases. After manual optimization, DE-CTA image quality was rated excellent in 7, good in 29, and moderate in 10 patients. Interobserver agreement was high (κ = 0.85). Stenosis grading was not influenced using DE-CTA with bone removal as compared with the original CTA. The time demand for DE image reconstruction was significantly higher than for single-energy reconstruction (42.1 vs 20.9 seconds).

Conclusions
Our results suggest that bone removal in DE-CTA of the head and neck vessels with a single-source CT is feasible and can be performed within acceptable time and moderate user interaction.
Super-sensing through industrial process tomography
Authors: Soleimani Manuchehr 
Published: May 2016

In this introduction article, we present a brief overview of industrial process tomography. This will start by linking between the concept of industrial process tomography and super-sensing. This will follow with a brief introduction to various process tomography systems and in particular electrical tomography methods.
This article is part of the themed issue ‘Supersensing through industrial process tomography’.
Nociceptor-enriched genes required for normal thermal nociception
Authors: Honjo Ken , Mauthner Stephanie E. , Wang Yu , Skene J. H. Pate , Tracey W. Daniel 
Published: May 2016

SummaryHere, we describe a targeted reverse genetic screen for thermal nociception genes of Drosophila larvae. Using laser capture microdissection and microarray analyses of nociceptive and non-nociceptive neurons we identified 275 nociceptor-enriched genes. We then tested the function of the enriched genes with nociceptor-specific RNAi and thermal nociception assays. Tissue specific RNAi targeted against 14 genes caused insensitive thermal nociception while targeting of 22 genes caused hypersensitive thermal nociception. Previously uncategorized genes were named for heat resistance (ie.boilerman, fire dancer, oven mitt, trivet, thawbandbunker gear) or heat sensitivity (firelighter, black match, eucalyptus, primacord, jet fuel, detonator, gasoline, smoke alarm, andjetboil). Insensitive nociception phenotypes were often associated with severely reduced branching of nociceptor neurites and hyperbranched dendrites were seen in two of the hypersensitive cases. Many genes that we identified were not isolated in a prior genome-wide screen, and are evolutionarily conserved in mammals.
Dynamic substrate preferences and predicted metabolic properties of a simple microbial consortium
Authors: Erbilgin Onur , Bowen Benjamin P. , Kosina Suzanne M. , Jenkins Stefan , Lau Rebecca K. , Northen Trent R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMicroorganisms are typically found as complex microbial communities that altogether govern global biogeochemical cycles. Microbes have developed highly regulated metabolic capabilities to efficiently use available substrates including preferential substrate usage that can result in diauxic shifts. This and other metabolic behaviors have been discovered in studies of microbes in monoculture when grown on low-complexity (e.g.two-component) mixtures of substrates, however, little is known about how species partition environmental substrates through substrate competition in more complex substrate mixtures. Here we use exometabolomic profiling to examine the time-varying substrate depletion from a mixture of 19 amino acids and glucose by twoPseudomonadsand oneBacillusspecies isolated from ground water. We examine if the first substrates depleted result in maximal growth rate, or relate to growth medium or biomass composition and find surprisingly few correlations. Patterns of substrate depletion are modeled, and these models are used to examine if substrate usage preferences and substrate depletion kinetics of three microbial isolates can be used to predict the metabolism of the pooled isolates in co-culture. We find that most of the substrates fit the model predictions, indicating that the microbes are not altering their behaviors for these substrates in the presence of competitors. Glucose and histidine were depleted more slowly than predicted, while proline, glycine, glutamate, lysine, and arginine were all consumed significantly faster; these compounds highlight substrates that could be involved in species-species interactions within the consortium.Author ContributionsOE, TRN conceived and designed the experimentsOE, BPB, SMK, SJ, RL performed the experimentsOE, BPB, SJ, TRN analyzed the dataOE, TRN wrote the manuscriptTRN contributed materials and analysis tools
Modeling the sloshing problem in a rectangular tank with submerged incomplete baffles
Authors: Cruchaga Marcela A. , Ferrada Carlos , Márquez Nicolás , Osses Sebastián , Storti Mario , Celentano Diego 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– The present work is an experimental and numerical study of a sloshing problem including baffle effects. The purpose of this paper is to assess the numerical behavior of a Lagrangian technique to track free surface flows by comparison with experiments, to report experimental data for sloshing at different conditions and to evaluate the effectiveness of baffles in limiting the wave height and the wave propagation.Design/methodology/approach– Finite element simulations performed with a fixed mesh technique able to describe the free surface evolution are contrasted with experimental data. The experiments consist of an acrylic tank of rectangular section designed to attach baffles of different sizes at different distance from the bottom. The tank is filled with water and mounted on a shake table able to move under controlled horizontal motion. The free surface evolution is measured with ultrasonic sensors. The numerical results computed for different sloshing conditions are compared with the experimental data.Findings– The reported numerical results are in general in good agreement with the experiments. In particular, wave heights and frequencies response satisfactorily compared with the experimental data for the several cases analyzed during steady state forced sloshing and free sloshing. The effectiveness of the baffles increases near resonance conditions. From the set of experiments studied, the major reduction of the wave height was obtained when larger baffles were positioned closer to the water level at rest.Practical implications– Model validation: evaluation of the effectiveness of non-massive immersed baffles during sloshing.Originality/value– The value of the present work encompass the numerical and experimental study of the effect of immersed baffles during sloshing under different imposed conditions and the comparison of numerical results with the experimental data. Also, the results shown in the present work are a contribution to the understanding of the role in the analysis of the proposed problem of some specific aspects of the geometry and the imposed motion.
Convergent optimal variational iteration method and applications to heat and fluid flow problems
Authors: Turkyilmazoglu Mustafa 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– In an earlier paper (Turkyilmazoglu, 2011a), the author introduced a new optimal variational iteration method. The idea was to insert a parameter into the classical variational iteration formula in an aim to prevent divergence or to accelerate the slow convergence property of the classical approach. The purpose of this paper is to approve the superiority of the proposed method over the traditional one on several physical problems treated before by the classical variational iteration method.

Design/methodology/approach
– A sufficient condition theorem with an upper bound for the error is also presented to further justify the convergence of the new variational iteration method.

Findings
– The optimal variational iteration method is found to be useful for heat and fluid flow problems.

Originality/value
– The optimal variational iteration method is shown to be convergent under sufficient conditions. A novel approach to obtain the optimal convergence parameter is introduced.
Generalized Richardson extrapolation procedures for estimating grid-independent numerical solutions
Authors: Baliga Bantwal R. (Rabi) , Lokhmanets Iurii Yuri 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present outcomes of efforts made over the last 20 years to extend the applicability of the Richardson extrapolation procedure to numerical predictions of multidimensional, steady and unsteady, fluid flow and heat transfer phenomena in regular and irregular calculation domains.

Design/methodology/approach
– Pattern-preserving grid-refinement strategies are proposed for mathematically rigorous generalizations of the Richardson extrapolation procedure for numerical predictions of steady fluid flow and heat transfer, using finite volume methods and structured multidimensional Cartesian grids; and control-volume finite element methods and unstructured two-dimensional planar grids, consisting of three-node triangular elements. Mathematically sound extrapolation procedures are also proposed for numerical solutions of unsteady and boundary-layer-type problems. The applicability of such procedures to numerical solutions of problems with curved boundaries and internal interfaces, and also those based on unstructured grids of general quadrilateral, tetrahedral, or hexahedral elements, is discussed.

Findings
– Applications to three demonstration problems, with discretizations in the asymptotic regime, showed the following: the apparent orders of accuracy were the same as those of the numerical methods used; and the extrapolated results, measures of error, and a grid convergence index, could be obtained in a smooth and non-oscillatory manner.

Originality/value
– Strict or approximate pattern-preserving grid-refinement strategies are used to propose generalized Richardson extrapolation procedures for estimating grid-independent numerical solutions. Such extrapolation procedures play an indispensable role in the verification and validation techniques that are employed to assess the accuracy of numerical predictions which are used for designing, optimizing, virtual prototyping, and certification of thermofluid systems.
The simulation of dust effects from fragmenting charges
Authors: Soto Orlando A. , Baum Joseph D. , Togashi Fumiya , Löhner Rainald , Frank Robert A. , Amini Ali 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to determine the reason for the discrepancy in estimated and observed damage caused by fragmenting charges in closed environments.Design/methodology/approach– A series of carefully conducted physical and numerical experiments was conducted. The results were analyzed and compared.Findings– The analysis shows that for fragmenting charges in closed environments, dust plays a far larger role than previously thought, leading to much lower pressures and damage.Research limitations/implications– In light of these findings, many assumptions and results for fragmenting charges in closed environments need to be reconsidered.Practical implications– This implies that for a far larger class of problems than previously estimated it is imperative to take into consideration dust production and its effect on the resulting pressures.Originality/value– This is the first time such a finding has been reported in this context.
Advergaming and healthy eating involvement
Authors: Cicchirillo Vincent , Mabry Amanda 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to understand how healthy eating involvement (HEI) impacts the evaluations of branded food advergames.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper invokes the elaboration likelihood model and reactance theory to explain the effects of different levels of brand integration within a food advergame on individuals with different reported levels of HEI. Undergraduate students were assigned (non-random) to play one of three different advergames with varying levels of brand integration. Furthermore, participant’s health involvement was measured and incorporated as a moderating variable on brand and advergame attitudes. Regression analyses were used to analyze the data.

Findings
– The results showed significant interaction effects between HEI levels and level of brand advergame integration. Individuals with higher levels of HEI showed more negative attitudes toward the brand and game when integration was high. However, lower levels of brand advergame integration resulted in positive effects among lower HEI individuals.

Research limitations/implications
– Limitations of this research are that gamer experience was not measured prior to game play. Also, that no control of advergame playing time was conducted. However, a manipulation check was conducted. Future research should examine the impact of healthy advergames on individual’s reactions and information processing.

Practical implications
– Editors and creators of advergames must be more aware of the impact that branded items have within a gaming situation. Individuals may not always positively evaluate the brand integrated within a fun online environment. Furthermore, better consumer targeting will likely lead to higher message acceptance based upon individuals levels of self-congruency with that message.

Originality/value
– This study provides needed examination of contextual and individual level variables in responses to advergaming content.
Information sources and trading behavior: does investor personality matter?
Authors: Tauni Muhammad Zubair , Fang Hong Xing , Iqbal Amjad 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the impact of sources of information on trading behavior by analyzing the influence of investor personality in Chinese futures market.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors adopted the Big Five personality framework and examined the survey results of individual investors (n = 333) in Chinese futures market. Personality traits of futures investors were measured by the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (Costa and McCrae, 1989) which is a shortened version of revised NEO personality inventory of the Big Five model (Costa and McCrae, 1992). Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to assess the fitness of model. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the moderating influence of investor personality traits on the association between source of information and trading behavior.

Findings
The results confirm the previous findings that the sources of information used by investors as a foundation of their financial choices have a significant impact on trading frequency. The authors also provide an empirical evidence that investor personality traits moderate the relationship between sources of information and trading behavior. Financial advice from professionals is likely to increase trading frequency in investors with neuroticism and openness personality traits, and to reduce trading frequency in conscientious and extravert investors. Similarly, financial information acquired via word-of-mouth communication results in more trading in extravert and agreeable investors. Finally, information acquisition from specialized press causes more adjustment of conscientious investors’ portfolios. Theoretical explanations, implications and recommendations for future research are discussed.

Originality/value
This study combines information search and behavioral finance literature to demonstrate that the impact of various sources of market information on asset allocation decisions is influenced by investor personality. No previous study has been conducted yet to explain variations in the impact of sources of information on trading behavior by the Big Five personality traits and this paper seeks to fill this gap in Chinese futures market.
Impact of changing wind conditions on foraging and incubation success in male and female wandering albatrosses
Authors: Cornioley Tina , Börger Luca , Ozgul Arpat , Weimerskirch Henri 
Published: May 2016

Summary

Wind is an important climatic factor for flying animals as by affecting their locomotion, it can deeply impact their life‐history characteristics.

In the context of globally changing wind patterns, we investigated the mechanisms underlying recently reported increase in body mass of a population of wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans) with increasing wind speed over time.

We built a foraging model detailing the effects of wind on movement statistics and ultimately on mass gained by the forager and mass lost by the incubating partner. We then simulated the body mass of incubating pairs under varying wind scenarios. We tracked the frequency at which critical mass leading to nest abandonment was reached to assess incubation success.

We found that wandering albatrosses behave as time minimizers during incubation as mass gain was independent of any movement statistics but decreased with increasing mass at departure. Individuals forage until their energy requirements, which are determined by their body conditions, are fulfilled. This can come at the cost of their partner's condition as mass loss of the incubating partner depended on trip duration. This behaviour is consistent with strategies of long‐lived species which favoured their own survival over their current reproductive attempt. In addition, wind speed increased ground speed which in turn reduced trip duration and males foraged further away than females at high ground speed.

Contrasted against an independent data set, the simulation performed satisfactorily for males but less so for females under current wind conditions. The simulation predicted an increase in male body mass growth rate with increasing wind speed, whereas females' rate decreased. This trend may provide an explanation for the observed increase in mass of males but not of females. Conversely, the simulation predicted very few nest abandonments, which is in line with the high breeding success of this species and is contrary to the hypothesis that wind patterns impact incubation success by altering foraging movement.
Nutrient additions cause divergence of tallgrass prairie plant communities resulting in loss of ecosystem stability
Authors: Koerner Sally E. , Avolio Meghan L. , La Pierre Kimberly J. , Wilcox Kevin R. , Smith Melinda D. , Collins Scott L. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryNitrogen (N) deposition and phosphorus (P) deposition due to pollution and land‐use change are dramatically altering biogeochemical cycles. These altered nutrient inputs affect plant communities by generally increasing dominance and reducing diversity, as well as altering community variability (heterogeneity). Less well studied are the effects of changes in community variability on ecosystem functions, such as productivity, or the stability of those functions.Here, we use a twelve‐year nutrient addition experiment in tallgrass prairie to determine the variability in community responses to N and P additions and link these responses to ecosystem productivity and stability. We added two levels of N and four levels of P in a fully factorial design to 25‐m2plots in native tallgrass prairie in north‐eastern Kansas,USA. Each year percentage cover of each species was measured in June and August in a 1‐m2subplot of each plot, and annual net primary productivity was measured in two 0.1‐m2subplots in each plot at the end of each growing season.The addition of N and P together increased plant community variability across space (i.e. the replicates were significantly more different from each other in the N + P treatments than they were in the control treatment). We also found that the variability of the plant community within a single plot through time increased with the addition of N alone and N and P together. The highest level of both spatial and temporal variability occurred in plots with the highest level of nutrient addition (10 g m−2of both N and P).While we found no linkage between spatial variability of community composition and the spatial stability of productivity, the temporal stability of productivity decreased with increasing temporal plant community variability. Additionally, the ability to predict the productivity response to growing season precipitation, a key environmental variable, also decreased under higher temporal community variability.Synthesis. Using a 12‐year nutrient addition experiment, we found that nutrient addition leads to both spatial and temporal community variability in mesic tallgrass prairie. The changes in community variability through time were directly related to ecosystem stability. While overall shifts in community structure in response to nutrient additions are important, the change in variability of local communities has significant implications for our ability to predict how patterns of biodiversity and ecosystem function will respond to a rapidly changing world.