bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Features of contemporary state upskilling policies of India
Authors: Gusov A. Z. , Sharma G. , Tyagi P. 
Published: October 2024

Purpose: is to reveal features of contemporary State’s upskilling policies of India that are focused on improving the competitiveness of Indian labour.Methods: the article uses the methods of multiple comparative analysis, generalization, comparison and SWOT analysis of upskilling policies adopted by the government to upgrade the skills of the future workforce of India.Results: the article examines the major government policies on skill development in India, provides a comparative analysis of their role, importance and effectiveness, and conducts a SWOT analysis to better understand these policies. It summarizes the properties, features and functions of the contemporary Government policies on skill development to highlight the relevance and importance of developing new tools to enhance their effectiveness. The comparative analysis of various factors has shown that the current Government policies on skill development in India require a holistic and realistic approach to revise the objectives of the Government strategy in this area and set reasonable targets.Conclusions and Relevance: contemporary State upskilling policies such as Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana, skill India etc. didn’t reach set target. Not so many young labor force is enrolling in the courses provided by the State due to lack of promotion activities and reach to the target audience. The Government has less statistics of the Indian labor market which could clearly define the on-time status of all the State initiatives. There is a need to develop an online platform of staffing to have clear and actual data of the labor market. The online platform of staffing can connect all the stakeholders of the labor market which would help the government to use the holistic approach for developing the Indian labor market together with the stakeholder of the market.
ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ПОВЕРХНЕВОГО ЗМІЦНЕННЯ ЗУБЧАСТИХ ЗАЧЕПЛЕНЬ ТА ПІДШИПНИКІВ В МАСЛЯНОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ З ПРИСАДКОЮ ФТОРОВАНОГО ГРАФІТУ
Authors: Кіндрачук Мирослав , Леусенко Дар'я , Мельник Володимир , Василик Михайло , Харченко Володимир 
Published: October 2024

Викладено результати дослідження та апробації технології зміцнення контактних поверхонь в масляному середовищі з присадкою фторованого графіту зубів конічних шестерен і підшипників кочення. Технологія забезпечує суттєве збільшення ресурсу за рахунок уповільнення розвитку втомних ушкоджень зубів конічних шестерень та підшипників кочення приводу стартера двигуна НК-14СТ.
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ПОТУЖНОСТІ ХВИЛЬОВОЇ ЕЛЕКТРОСТАНЦІЇ З ГНУЧКОЮ ЕНЕРГОПОГЛИНАЛЬНОЮ ПОВЕРХНЕЮ В УМОВАХ ВНУТРІШНЬОГО МОРЯ
Authors: Капітанчук Костянтин , Андріїшин Михайло 
Published: October 2024

Розвиток світової енергетики в останнє десятиріччя все більше орієнтується на нові, екологічно чисті технології, які базуються на відновлюваних джерелах енергії. Виробництво «зеленої електроенергії» стимулюється у багатьох країнах. Енергія морських хвиль відрізняється набагато більшою питомою потужністю, ніж енергія вітру і сонця. Середній показник потужності океанічного коливання досягає приблизно 15 кВт/м. Показник потужності тим більший, чим більшою є висота хвиль. При висоті 2 м він досягає величини у 80 кВт/м.
У 2004 році науковці Національного авіаційного університету на засіданні Секції прикладних проблем НАН України презентували розробку гнучкої енергопоглинальної поверхні для хвильової електростанції, яка за принципом перетворення енергії хвиль принципово відрізнялась від існуючих та була спроможна виробляти електроенергію при будь-яких надзвичайних збуреннях поверхні моря.
Розроблено методику визначення потужності модуля хвильової електростанції з енергопоглинальною поверхнею для використання в умовах закритого моря. Доказано можливість використання хвильової електростанції з такими перевагами, а саме:
- значно спрощується конструкція хвильової електростанції за рахунок відсутності системи занурення при надзвичайних погодних умовах;
- значно збільшуються показники міцності всіх складових систем та вузлів хвильової електростанції;
- з’являється можливість використання надводних платформ, що створює умови для діагностування стану вузлів та технічного обслуговування.
Проведено розрахунок змінення потужності модуля хвильової електростанції довжиною енергопоглинальної поверхні 9 м та діаметром 1 м при зменшенні амплітуди в інтервалі від а = 0,5 м до а = 0,1 м. Відзначено, що при зменшенні амплітуди хвилі від а = 0,5 м до а = 0,4 м відбувається сильне зниження потужності (у 1,5 рази).
СИСТЕМНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО АНАЛІЗУ ТА УСУНЕННЯ КОНФЛІКТІВ У БЕЗПРОВОДОВИХ МЕРЕЖАХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОГО ПРИЗНАЧЕННЯ
Authors: Пампуха Ігор , Скрипніченко Андрій 
Published: October 2024

Розглядається задача забезпечення наскрізної якості обслуговування неоднорідних безпроводових (БП) мереж з випадковим множинним доступом. Проаналізовані процеси виникнення конфліктів між справедливістю та оптимальністю вибору маршрутів та розподілу ресурсів у БП мережах. Розроблено методику усунення конфліктів між справедливістю та оптимальністю розподілу ресурсів. Показано, що при раціональному визначенні технології радіодоступу в неоднорідних мережах функції кожного рівню та, відповідно, інформаційні параметри трафіку на цьому рівні можна віднести до однієї з двох альтернативних груп: функції, що залежать від конкретної технічної реалізації мережі або функції, орієнтовані на роботу із застосунками. Відповідно до цього сформульовано глобальний підхід до оптимального вибору технології радіодоступу (RAT) як задачі з надполіноміальною складністю та запропоновано підхід для вибору RAT з використанням розподіленого метаевристичного алгоритму табу-пошуку, заснованого на піковій швидкості, яку спроможні сприймати користувачі. Розроблено розподілену систему вибору RAT на основі метаевристичної оптимізації набору маршрутів з усуненням надлишковості. Розроблено комбінований метаевристичний метод оптимізації, заснований на дуальному підході – комбінації адаптивності та навчання за раніше отриманими результатами. Введено оригінальний метод разового подолання заборони шляхів табу-пошуку: коли черговий крок вважається мало перспективним і повинен відкидатися, але за попередніми кроками були отримані гарні результати – цей крок дозволяється, а отриманий результат зараховується як початковий для подальшого пошуку. Отримано загальний вираз для розподілу часу перебування точки доступу в неоднорідній безпроводовій мережі разом із ймовірностями перетину межі точки доступу. Чисельні результати та результати моделювання показують задовільний збіг.
Analysing Discrimination based on Genetic Information
Authors: Akash Akash , Sarker Shuvro Prosun 
Published: October 2024

This paper analyzes and critiques existing literature on discrimination based on genetic information collected during genetic tests of individuals and the legal issues attached therewith. Genetic variations, which can lower or raise disease risk, result from the inheritance of parental genes. Subjecting individuals to stigmatization based on their unique ancestry or genetic status raises legitimate concerns. The literature review reveals that the issue of discrimination based on genetic information has occurred in countries like the United States and Canada. Accordingly, concerns regarding new forms of discrimination arising from the collection of information during genetic testing have grown over the decades in the wake of technological advancements in biotechnology, health, and allied sciences, as several studies have revealed. On the contrary, more material sufficiency in India necessitates consulting data from various disciplines. A conceptual framework is proposed to examine the theoretical foundations of non-discrimination provisions, compare genetic information non-discrimination legislation in the United States and Canada to India, and evaluate the practicality of implementing such laws in India. The initial testing of this framework suggests that due to insufficient legislation, there may be a need for enforceable measures to mitigate genetic information-related discrimination in India. The research problem requires qualitative research to gain an in-depth comprehension of experiences, phenomena, and context. This paper makes two main contributions: establishing a comprehensive background to allow comparisons by scholars and policymakers on the matter and helping to further the debate on the subject to generate value-based research regarding the ethical, legal, and social impacts of genetic research and anti-discrimination laws.KEYWORDS: Non-discrimination, Genetics and law, Literature review, Genetic discrimination.
Involving national stakeholders in a systems approach to map causes and proposed actions to prevent childhood obesity in Denmark: The Generation Healthy Kids Project
Authors: Ryom Knud , Bloch Paul , Toft Ulla , Høeg Didde , Thomsen Louise T. , Allender Steven , Rutter Harry , Bauman Adrian , Krølner Rikke Fredenslund , Hansen Anders Blædel Gottlieb 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Childhood obesity is a preventable global public health challenge, increasingly recognized as a complex problem, stemming from complex causes. Obesity is characterized by multiple interdependencies and diverse influences at different societal levels. Tackling childhood obesity calls for a holistic approach that engages with complexity and recognises that there is no single ‘magic bullet’ intervention to prevent obesity. To facilitate a shared understanding of the complex structures and relationships that determine children's weight development, systems approaches have shown promising potential. However, systems approaches require more development and research in public health.
Aim
This paper describes the processes of gathering national stakeholders to create a system map of childhood obesity causes in Denmark, to map existing obesity prevention initiatives and define real-world actions to prevent childhood obesity in local communities in Denmark. The system map and action ideas will inform the development of community-based activities in a large-scale national study – The Generation Healthy Kids Project.
Methods
During two workshops, national stakeholders were involved in generating and revising a system map. We used a scripted approach inspired by group model building and community-based systems dynamics methods to engage stakeholders, collect, and visualize their knowledge on childhood obesity, create consensus on the drivers of childhood health, identify local and national intervention opportunities for prevention of childhood obesity and develop actions to create system changes.
Results
The study identified the following six sub-systems of factors influencing childhood obesity: 1) Family, 2) diet and dietary habits, 3) physical activity and active living, 4) mental health and well-being, 5) screen, media, and sleep, and 6) competencies of professionals.
Conclusion
A systems approach to childhood obesity was useful to generate a shared understanding of the underlying drivers of childhood overweight and obesity and has potential for informing initiatives at local and national level in Denmark. However, challenges were experienced regarding the usefulness of the system mapping process, with a tension between the map as a step in a shared process towards actions and the map as means to gain a deeper understanding of the complex system of childhood overweight and obesity and how to change the system.
Ethical approval for this study was sought and granted from the Danish Scientific Ethics Committee (S-20220059).
ICT Technology and Global Trade Dynamics: A Comprehensive Analysis of G20 Economies
Authors: Choi Chang Hwan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study analyzed the impact of ICT technology on economic growth and trade in G20 countries. The study found that digital transformation and the development of artificial intelligence have had a significant positive impact on the global digital economy, driving productivity improvement, innovation, and trade.
The study used panel data and found that ICT technology progress contributed about 0.33% to economic growth, while product trade expanded about 0.12% and service trade expanded about 0.14%. The study also identified a "Diminishing Margin Returns of ICT on trade" phenomenon, where trade increases as ICT develops, but the rate of trade decreases over time.
The study suggests that expanding government investment in ICT technology development and innovation and establishing digital trade norms could help maximize the effect of increasing trade, as digital trade can become an engine for new growth.
The study has limitations, such as a limited sample size and the use of panel data, but its findings have important implications for policymakers and businesses in developing countries.
JEL classification: O3, F1, F14, F15, and D24
Evolutive radiological findings in an exceptional case of Cryptococcal and Coccidioidal co-infection in an immunocompetent male. A case report.
Authors: Montanara Paolo La , Albergo Annamaria , Castellana Roberto , Netti Antonella , Romano Caterina , Rossiello Annalisa , Tripoli Alessandra , Vella Giuseppe 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Bone infections such as chronic fungal erosive osteomyelitis are rare. uncommon forms of bone infection. The widespread yeast of the Cryptococcus species, the endemic dimorphic fungus Coccidioides, and the simultaneous infection by multiple pathogen species are even less common, especially in immunocompetent hosts. These infections frequently have no symptoms and the clinical signs remain undetected, allowing the infection to worsen over weeks or months. Mycotic arthritis is one of the rarest clinical symptoms; it is hard to distinguish from other types of arthritis, which slows down the diagnosis procedure.
Case presentation: In order to demonstrate the beginning and progression of radiological abnormalities in a case of aggressive fungal osteomyelitis, we provide the case of a 31-year-old male patient here. The man showed signs of extensive bone erosion and inflammatory involvement in his right knee and right hallux phalanx, although he had no prior history of immunodeficiency. The co-infection resulting from Cryptococcus Neoformans in his right knee and Coccidioides Immitis in his hallux were the reason for the injuries.
Conclusions: While an acute, benign, and self eradicating lung infection is the predominant presentation for most cases of cryptococcosis and coccidioidomycosis, a small percentage of patients experience a devastating extrapulmonary condition, which can include arthritis. The pathogenic mechanism of bone involvement are unknown, and it often remains untreated. Here, we discuss radiographic evidence of particular bone inflammation during the early phase and later phases of the disease, since management of this chronic condition remains a challenge. We propose that imaging may mimic osseous neoplasia in persistent fungal diseases, such as Coccidioidomycosis and Cryptococcosis.
Ideal Outcome Post-Pancreatoduodenectomy: A Comprehensive Healthcare System Analysis
Authors: Khalid Abdullah , Pasha Shamsher A. , Demyan Lyudmyla , Newman Elliot , King Daniel A. , DePeralta Danielle , Gholami Sepideh , Weiss Matthew J. , Melis Marcovalerio 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Indicators, such as mortality and complications, are commonly used to measure the quality of care. However, a more comprehensive assessment of surgical quality is captured using composite outcome measures such as Textbook Outcome (TO), Optimal Pancreatic Surgery, and a newer 'Ideal Outcome' (IO) measure. We reviewed our institutional experience to assess the impact of demographics, comorbidities, and operative variables on IO after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).
Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted on PD patients at Northwell Health between 2009-2023. IO was determined by the absence of six adverse outcomes, including in-hospital mortality, Clavien-Dindo ≥ III complications, significant postoperative pancreatic fistula, reoperation, extended hospital stay, and readmission within 30 days. Logistic regression analyzed the effects of various factors on achieving IO.
Results:
Of the 578 patients who underwent PD, 248 (42.91%) achieved the IO. On multivariable analysis, factors associated with increased odds of achieving IO included neoadjuvant chemotherapy (OR 1.303, 95% CI 1.050-1.620) and the presence of neuroendocrine tumors (OR 3.371, 95% CI 1.35-8.415). Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) (OR 0.341, 95% CI 0.145-0.803) and older age (≥ 70 years) (OR 0.489, 95% CI 0.321-0.745) were associated with decreased odds of achieving IO. Patients with IO had significantly improved survival (p=0.001) and lower odds of 90-day mortality (0 vs. 9.39%, p <0.001).
Conclusion:
IO may offer a comprehensive metric for assessing PD outcomes, highlighting the impact of age, chemotherapy, biliary drainage, and tumor types. These findings suggest targeted interventions and quality improvements could enhance PD outcomes by addressing modifiable factors and refining clinical strategies.
Reducing Costs of Climate Adaptation: New Evidence from a High Desert
Authors: Ward Frank 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the hypothesis that seawater desalination technology is too costly for widespread benefit for irrigated agriculture. An integrated optimization model is developed to test this hypothesis by assessing the benefits of incorporating affordable desalinated seawater into local urban water supplies, revealing a gain for both cities and farm water users. Using the Rio Grande Basin high desert region of North America as a case study, the economic performance of various water shortage sharing strategies is investigated under current and projected desalination costs, with broader implications for other arid regions internationally. The findings reveal that water trading between agricultural and urban sectors significantly reduces the cost of adapting to climate-induced water stress. Additionally, the availability of affordable desalinated water further enhances these cost reductions, demonstrating its potential to lower the cost of climate adaptation in arid regions worldwide where competition for water is most intense.
Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Prevention of Capsular Contracture
Authors: Govrin-Yehudain Orel , Korzets Yasmin , Zkika Yosef , Castel Noam , Brzezinski Rafael Y. , Reuveni Debby , Govrin-Yehudain Yoad , Gur Eyal , Solodeev Inna , Barnea Yoav 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Capsular contracture (CC) is the most common complication associated with implant-based breast surgery, with particularly high risk in patients undergoing alloplastic reconstruction surgery followed by radiation therapy. Revision surgery, the only currently effective treatment, carries a high risk of recurrent CC and secondary complications. This work assessed the prophylactic potential of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs) in a novel animal model of radiation-induced CC.
Methods
A total of 36 female C57Bl/6 mice, were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) IMP (silicone implants only), (2) IMP + RAD (silicone implants and irradiation therapy to promote CC); (3) IMP + RAD + MSCs (silicone implants, irradiation therapy and local administration of hAD-MSCs). On day 42 post-implantation, animals were euthanized and capsular tissue was subjected to histological and gene expression analyses. In addition, serum transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) levels were measured.
Results
Targeted radiotherapy induced significant CC. In contrast, on day 42 post-irradiation, capsular thickness in the IMP + RAD + MSCs group was significantly lower, comparable to that of non-irradiated mice. hAD-MSCs treatment also resulted in a significant downregulation of pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory genes in the capsular tissue.
Conclusion
hAD-MSCs demonstrated significant prophylactic potential in preventing radiation-induced CC. Further research is necessary to investigate the underlying mechanisms and to assess the efficacy and safety of this approach.
In-hospital Mortality Prognostication for Cancer Patients with Febrile Neutropenia: A Single Center Observational Study
Authors: Chaudhary Safee Ullah , Tahir Amna , Hassan Muhammad , Farooq Asim , Ashfaq Sara , Ayub Maleeha , Hameed Iqra , Sheikh Ali , Ahad Abdul , Azad Junaid , Ahmed Umair , Aleem Asad , Masood Asad , Asghar Kashif , Khan Ahsun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Febrile neutropenia (FN) in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy can result in life-threatening outcomes. Hence, an evaluation of associated risk factors can enable clinical surveillance as well as inform prophylactic measures. In this retrospective cohort study, we report a mortality prognostication model for chemotherapy-treated cancer patients upon a neutropenic episode.Clinical and diagnostic data of 137 febrile neutropenia patients (>18 years) was collected from a cancer hospital, with the primary endpoint of post-hospital admission mortality within 30 days. The data was integratively analyzed and machine learning techniques were applied to develop the predictive model which was then internally cross validated. Towards enabling personalized risk assessment, a nomogram was constructed and validated. Chemotherapy-treated cancer patients undergoing a neutropenic episode exhibited an overall mortality rate of 17.36%. Multivariate logistic analysis elucidated that shock, pneumonia, carboplatin, doxorubicin, antifungal and antiviral prophylaxis, and hemoglobin correctly classified cases with an overall accuracy of 92% and discriminated mortality with a specificity of 76%. Antiviral (odds ratio (OR): 0.669, p = 0.689), and antifungal prophylaxis (OR: 0.619, p = 0.5) demonstrated a protective effect. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the nomogram exhibited an area under the curve of 0.878 (95% CI 0.778 - 0.977), Hosmer–Lemeshow test p-value = 0.635, and a high net benefit in the clinical decision curve. The proposed model offers insights into the role of clinical predictors as well as treatment characteristics that can ameliorate mortality risk in cancer patients with FN. The study highlights bacteremia-related surveillance, along with thrombocytopenia, linked to carboplatin, for reducing individualized mortality risk along with improved monitoring and informed treatment strategies.
Water Footprint and Virtual Water Assessment for Textile Industries of Bangladesh
Authors: Dipu Salah Uddin Ahmed , Piyash Nabil Ahemed 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The textile and garment industry in Bangladesh, a significant contributor to the national economy and major exporters, heavily consumes water and causes environmental pollution. This thesis evaluates the water usage and pollution in the sector by assessing its blue, green, and grey water footprints, focusing on the dyeing, printing, and finishing stages in three industries: KDS, FOURH, and AMBER. The study aims to provide insights into the virtual water footprint and current water management practices, identifying areas for improvement to promote sustainable water resource management in the textile industry.