bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
y‐shaped side overlap esophagogastrostomy in proximal gastrectomy
Authors: Kurokawa Yukinori , Saito Takuro , Yamamoto Kazuyoshi , Takahashi Tsuyoshi , Doki Yuichiro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSeveral reconstruction methods are used in proximal gastrectomy. Esophagogastrostomy is the simplest and most physiological. The challenge in esophagogastrostomy is preventing reflux esophagitis. Various techniques have been developed to reduce reflux of gastric juice. Taking advantage of the usefulness of the recently reported modified side overlap with fundoplication by Yamashita (mSOFY) method, we developed a y‐shaped mSOFY method that is simpler and has potential for a greater anti‐reflux effect. Unlike the original mSOFY method, the pseudo‐fornix does not go behind the esophagus and the axes of the esophagus and residual stomach are shifted by approximately 60° to form a “y” shape. In addition, fixation of the residual stomach and both sides of the esophagus and crus of the diaphragm is performed at the end of the procedure. We performed 12 cases of laparoscopic or robotic proximal gastrectomy with y‐shaped mSOFY esophagogastric anastomosis located below the crus of the diaphragm for gastric or esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma between August 2021 and March 2023. The median operative time and blood loss were 260 min and 5 mL, respectively. No postoperative complications of Clavien–Dindo classification grade II or higher occurred. No stenoses requiring balloon dilation occurred within 1 year after surgery, but endoscopy at 1 year after surgery revealed two cases (17%) of reflux esophagitis of Los Angeles grade B or higher. In conclusion, this y‐shaped side overlap esophagogastrostomy method could be one of the recommended esophagogastrostomy procedures in proximal gastrectomy.
Comparison of prognostic scores according to WHO classification in 170 patients with advanced mastocytosis and C‐finding treated with midostaurin
Authors: Heiblig Maël , Gourguechon Clément , Guilpain Philippe , Bulai‐Livideanu Cristina , Barete Stéphane , Chantran Yannick , Agopian Julie , Brenet Fabienne , Dubreuil Patrice , Lespinasse Jérémie , Lemal Richard , Tournilhac Olivier , Terriou Louis , Launay David , Bouillet Laurence , Chatain Catharina , Damaj Ghandi , Ballul Thomas , Greco Celine , Polivka Laura , Frenzel Laurent , Meni Cécile , Bouktit Hassiba , Benabou Dina , Gaudy‐Marqueste Caroline , Gousseff Marie , Le Mouel Edwige , Neel Antoine , Ranta Dana , Jaussaud Roland , Molina Thierry Jo , Bruneau Julie , Villarese Patrick , Lhermitte Ludovic , Maouche‐Chrétien Leila , Temple Marie , Kosmider Olivier , Javier Rose‐Marie , Pelletier Fabien , Castelain Florence , Retornaz Frederique , Cabrera Quentin , Zunic Patricia , Gourin Marie Pierre , Wierzbicka–Hainaut Ewa , Viallard Jean François , Lavigne Christian , Hoarau Cyrille , Durieu Isabelle , Dimicoli‐Salazar Sophie , Torregrosa‐Diaz Jose Miguel , Wemeau Mathieu , Soria Angèle , Arock Michel , Bodemer Christine , Lortholary Olivier , Hermine Olivier , Rossignol Julien 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAdvanced systemic mastocytosis (AdvSM) encompasses heterogeneous mastocytosis subtypes and is associated with poor outcomes. Although midostaurin was the first tyrosine kinase inhibitor to be approved for AdvSM patients, long‐lasting responses are limited. The mutation‐Adjusted Risk Score (MARS), the International Prognostic Scoring System for mastocytosis (IPSM) and the Global Prognostic Score for Systemic Mastocytosis (GPSM) have been established to characterize the outcomes of patients with overall AdvSM. However, given the outcome's dependency on the AdvSM subtype, prognostic characterization within each subtype is critical. We aimed to study the predictive ability using Harrell's concordance index of prognostic scores according to the AdvSM subtype. We conducted a nationwide retrospective study using the French mastocytosis reference center's registry and included all midostaurin‐treated patients with C finding. Overall, 170 patients were identified: 46 aggressive SM (ASM), 11 mast cell leukemia (MCL), and 113 SM with associated hematological neoplasm (SM‐AHN). All risk scores improved their discriminative value for overall survival (OS) when combined with the AdvSM subtype. The best predictive value was for adjusted MARS (C‐index = 0.689), followed by GPSM (C‐index = 0.677) and IPSM (C‐index = 0.618). In a multivariable analysis, MARS stratification and the AdvSM subtype were both prognostic for OS. Accordingly, five subgroups of patients with AdvSM and a different median OS were identified: 9.9 months for MCL, 24 months for intermediate/high‐risk SM‐AHN, 33 months for intermediate/high‐risk ASM, 58 months for low‐risk SM‐AHN and was not reached for low‐risk ASM (p < 0.001). The AdvSM subtype and the MARS are the most predictive of OS and should prompt specific management.
Clearance of pathogenic erythrocytes is maintained despite spleen dysfunction in children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Sissoko Abdoulaye , Cissé Astan , Duverdier Clémence , Marin Mickaël , Dumas Lucie , Manceau Sandra , Maître Blandine , Eckly Anita , Fricot‐Monsinjon Aurélie , Roussel Camille , Ndour Papa Alioune , Dussiot Michael , Dokmak Safi , Aussilhou Béatrice , Dembinski Jeanne , Sauvanet Alain , Paye François , Lesurtel Mickaël , Cros Jérôme , Wendum Dominique , Tichit Magali , Hardy David , Capito Carmen , Allali Slimane , Buffet Pierre 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn children with sickle cell disease (SCD), splenectomy is immediately beneficial for acute sequestration crises and hypersplenism (ASSC/HyS) but portends a long‐term risk of asplenia‐related complications. We retrieved peripheral and splenic red blood cells (RBCs) from 17 SCD children/teenagers undergoing partial splenectomy for ASSC/HyS, 12 adult subjects without RBC‐related disease undergoing splenectomy (controls), five human spleens perfused ex vivo with HbSS‐ and HbAA‐RBC, and quantified abnormal RBC by microscopy, spleen‐mimetic RBC filtration, and adhesion assays. Spleens were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In circulating blood of SCD and control subjects, dysmorphic (elongated/spherocytic) RBCs were <2%, while proportions of pocked‐RBC were 4.3‐fold higher in SCD children than in controls. Compared to controls, splenic RBCs were more frequently dysmorphic (29.3% vs. 0.4%), stiffer (42.2% vs. 12.4%), and adherent (206 vs. 22 adherent RBC/area) in SCD subjects. By TEM, both polymer‐containing and homogenous RBC contributed to spleen congestion, resulting in 3.8‐fold higher RBC population density in SCD spleens than in control spleens, predominantly in the cords. Perfused spleens with normal function displayed similar congestion and retention of dysmorphic RBC as SCD spleens. The population density of active macrophages was similar in SCD and control spleens, with a relative deficit in phagocytosis of polymer‐containing RBC. Despite the existence of hyposplenism, splenectomy in SCD children removes an organ that still efficiently filters out potentially pathogenic altered RBC. Innovative treatments allowing fine‐tuned reduction of RBC retention would alleviate spleen congestion, the major pathogenic process in ASSC/HyS, while preserving spleen protective functions for the future.
Craniometric variation and the ancestry of modern humans
Authors: Relethford John H. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesAncient and contemporary DNA provide information about geographic variation in the ancestry of present‐day humans. All living populations have ancestry from early Homo sapiens originating in sub‐Saharan Africa. Populations of Eurasian descent also have a small amount of Neandertal ancestry. This study examines whether craniometric distances between recent modern human samples reflect this geographic variation in ancestry. Among recent modern humans, Eurasians are expected to be more similar to Neandertals, whereas both sub‐Saharan Africans and Eurasians are expected to be equidistant from early H. sapiens.Materials and MethodsData on 33 craniometric traits from 2524 recent modern humans were compared with data from the literature for Neandertals and early H. sapiens. Mahalanobis distances were computed for each modern specimen to both the Neandertal and early H. sapiens means. These distances were examined for differences between recent humans from sub‐Saharan Africa (N = 373) and those of Eurasian descent (N = 2151).ResultsEurasians as a group are significantly closer than sub‐Saharan Africans to Neandertals. There is no significant difference between the distances of sub‐Saharan Africans and Eurasians to early H. sapiens.DiscussionThe differences between sub‐Saharan Africans and Eurasians for both Neandertals and early H. sapiens are as expected. Although there has been geographic differentiation among recent modern humans, including differences in Neandertal admixture, these differences have not affected overall similarity of recent modern sub‐Saharan Africans and Eurasians to the earliest samples of H. sapiens.
Disentangling social, environmental, and zoonotic transmission pathways of a gastrointestinal protozoan (Blastocystis spp.) in northeast Madagascar
Authors: Barrett Tyler M. , Titcomb Georgia C. , Janko Mark M. , Pender Michelle , Kauffman Kayla , Solis Alma , Randriamoria Maheriniaina Toky , Young Hillary S. , Mucha Peter J. , Moody James , Kramer Randall A. , Soarimalala Voahangy , Nunn Charles L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesUnderstanding disease transmission is a fundamental challenge in ecology. We used transmission potential networks to investigate whether a gastrointestinal protozoan (Blastocystis spp.) is spread through social, environmental, and/or zoonotic pathways in rural northeast Madagascar.Materials and MethodsWe obtained survey data, household GPS coordinates, and fecal samples from 804 participants. Surveys inquired about social contacts, agricultural activity, and sociodemographic characteristics. Fecal samples were screened for Blastocystis using DNA metabarcoding. We also tested 133 domesticated animals for Blastocystis. We used network autocorrelation models and permutation tests (network k‐test) to determine whether networks reflecting different transmission pathways predicted infection.ResultsWe identified six distinct Blastocystis subtypes among study participants and their domesticated animals. Among the 804 human participants, 74% (n = 598) were positive for at least one Blastocystis subtype. Close proximity to infected households was the most informative predictor of infection with any subtype (model averaged OR [95% CI]: 1.56 [1.33–1.82]), and spending free time with infected participants was not an informative predictor of infection (model averaged OR [95% CI]: 0.95 [0.82–1.10]). No human participant was infected with the same subtype as the domesticated animals they owned.DiscussionOur findings suggest that Blastocystis is most likely spread through environmental pathways within villages, rather than through social or animal contact. The most likely mechanisms involve fecal contamination of the environment by infected individuals or shared food and water sources. These findings shed new light on human‐pathogen ecology and mechanisms for reducing disease transmission in rural, low‐income settings.
Enhancing Carrier Behavior via Controlled Molecular Film Formation Engineering Leads to Significant Improvement in Electroluminescence
Authors: Zhang Jiasen , Liu Denghui , Li Deli , Sun Kexuan , Li Wei , Meng Yuanyuan , Liu Chang , Wu Yujie , Fang Kaibo , Mu Xilin , Liu Chunyu , Su Shi‐Jian , Ge Ziyi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe quality of organic thin films critically influences carrier dynamics in organic semiconductors. In neat/doped films, even tiny voids can be penetrated by water or oxygen molecules to create charge‐trap states called water/oxygen‐induced traps that significantly hinder carrier mobility. While the water/oxygen‐induced traps in non‐doped films and crystalline states have been investigated comprehensively, there is a lack of thorough examination regarding their properties in the doped state. Therefore, there is a high demand for a molecular design strategy that effectively modulates the molecular stacking behavior in doped films and practical devices and enhances the quality of these films. Herein, we proposed a versatile molecular design principle that enables the formation of “nano‐cluster” structures on both the surface and interior of doped films in target molecule 10‐(4‐(4,6‐diphenyl‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐yl)phenyl)‐1′‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐10H‐spiro[acridine‐9,9′‐xanthene] (DspiroO‐F‐TRZ), which is modified with a fluorophenyl group. These “nano‐cluster” structures exhibit more uniform shapes within doped films and effectively reduce defective state densities while enhancing carrier injection and transport properties, ultimately improving device performance. Notably, TADF‐OLED based on DspiroO‐F‐TRZ demonstrates nearly twice as much efficiency as its control counterpart due to contributions from ′nano‐cluster′ structure enhancements toward improved electroluminescence performance.
Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia on AuCu Single‐Atom Alloy Aerogels under Wide Potential Window
Authors: Yu Jidong , Gao Rui‐Ting , Guo Xiaotian , Truong Nguyen Nhat , Wu Limin , Wang Lei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia (NO3RR) is very attractive for nitrate removal and ammonia production in industrial processes. However, the nitrate reduction reaction is characterized by intense hydrogen competition at strong reduction potentials, which greatly limits the Faraday efficiency at strong reduction potentials. Herein, we reported an AuxCu single‐atom alloy aerogels (AuxCu SAAs) with three‐dimensional network structure with significant nitrate reduction performance of Faraday efficiency (FE) higher than 90 % over a wide potential range (0 ~ −1 V RHE). The FE of the catalyst was close to 100 % at a high reduction potential of −0.8 VRHE, accompanying with NH3 yield reaching 6.21 mmol h<M−>1 cm<M−>2. More importantly, the catalyst maintained a long‐term operation over 400 h at 400 mA cm<M−>2 for the NO3RR using a continuous flow system in a H‐cell. Experimental and theoretical analysis demonstrate that the catalyst can lower the energy barrier for the hydrogenation reaction of *NO2, leading to a rapid consumption of the generated *H, facilitate the hydrogenation process of NO3RR, and inhibit the competitive HER at high overpotentials, which efficiently promotes the nitrate reduction reaction, especially in industrial applications.
Artificial Photosynthetic Cell with Molecular Biomimetic Thylakoid
Authors: Zhou Enbo , Yan Shichen , Zhang Xiang , Rehman Baloch Ateeq Ur , Hui Yangdan , Wang Futong , Jiao Lei , Xie Jiafang , Yuan Daqiang , Wang Yaobing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe construction of solar‐to‐chemical conversion system by mimicking the photosynthetic network of the chloroplast holds great promise on efficient solar energy utilization. We developed an artificial photosynthetic cell (APC) based on molecular biomimetic thylakoid (CoTPP‐FePy) to split water into hydrogen and oxygen (H2 and O2) at low driving voltage (1.1 V) and neutral condition (pH≈7). The CoTPP‐FePy can emulate the light reaction in thylakoids to produce O2 by coupling light harvesting, photocatalysis, and electron/energy storage (FeIII/FeII−Py). Subsequently, a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) were employed to simulate the dark reaction, wherein the proton, electron and energy generated by the light reaction can drive the H2 producing process. By a temporally and spatially coupling of the light and dark reactions, the resulting APC achieved a solar conversion efficiency of 3.1 %, exceeding that of natural photosynthetic systems and demonstrating the potential of artificial photosynthesis.
Internal jugular vein‐femoral vein diversion during anterior mediastinal mass resection and superior vena cava replacement
Authors: Su L. , Dai J. 
Published: September 2024

SummarySurgery which involves anterior mediastinal mass resection with artificial replacement of the superior vena cava results in significant disruption to the circulatory system. In this case, a pathway was established to divert blood from the internal jugular to the femoral vein after clamping of the superior vena cava. Blood which would ordinarily return to the right atrium via the superior vena cava was now being returned via the inferior vena cava. The mean arterial pressure was maintained at least 50 mmHg higher than the central venous pressure during clamping of the superior vena cava to avoid cerebral hypoperfusion. The combined use of the above strategies aimed to provide satisfactory surgical conditions and cerebral protection.
Copper Phthalocyanine for Designing a Highly Selective and Disposable Electrochemical Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Sensor
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Shakhawat , Roy Nirmita , Biswas Prasanta Kumar , Ram Manoj , Takshi Arash 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFormic acid (FA) is one of the very important organic acids that has been widely used in various industries. The highly corrosive FA can have severe adverse effects on the surrounding environment. Here, we developed an electrochemical sensor that utilizes the material properties of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) for the real‐time detection of FA gas. The response of FA has been compared with the responses of 9 common volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The chronoamperometry (CA) results revealed a high selectivity towards FA by showing an increase in the sensor current by about 25 %, in contrast to the decrease of the current in response to the other VOCs. The sensitivity of the CuPc device to FA was calculated to be 38.85 mAM−1. Material characterization (SEM, EDX, FTIR, Raman, and UV‐vis) also strongly suggests a protonation mechanism caused by the carboxylic acid group, which enhances the electrical conductivity.
Optimization of solvent system for chitosan/polylactic acid/nanocellulose nanofibers using needleless electrospinning
Authors: Syed Murtaza Haider , Khan Md Maksudur Rahman , Zahari Mior Ahmad Khushairi Mohd , Beg Mohammad Dalour Hossen , Abdullah Norhayati 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNeedless electrospinning (NES) is the most advanced and robust method to generate biopolymeric nanofibers. NES overcomes the needle clogging and low throughput issues of conventional needle based electrospinning (ES). However, the issue with all ES techniques is the absence of generalized methods in the literature, and most of the work is being done empirically. The solvent system dictates the feasibility of the ES process, and solvent system based studies can help create more generalized ES methods. The current work provides a systematic approach to fabricating tribiopolymeric nanofibers. NES was used to fabricate chitosan (CS)/polylactic acid (PLA)/nanocellulose (NCC) based nanofibers by optimizing the solvent system using dichloromethane (DCM) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). Biopolymeric blend PLA/CS/NCC (10:0.1:0.05 w/v %) in various formulated solvent systems were made and analyzed for their physical properties (sedimentation rate, particle size, viscosity, and surface tension) and subjected to NES. The binary solvent system SS91 (DCM (90):TFA (10) %) showed the lowest sedimentation rate and viscosity while the highest particle size and surface tension, resulting in the beads free nanofibers. The viscosity and surface tension comparison were used to determine a critical point for the feasibility of nanofiber fabrication. Overall, the study showed a systematic approach for fabricating complex tri‐biopolymeric nanofibers in future.
The HZB F2X‐Facility—An Efficient Crystallographic Fragment Screening Platform
Authors: Barthel Tatjana , Benz Laila , Basler Yara , Crosskey Thomas , Dillmann Alexander , Förster Ronald , Fröling Paula , Dieguez Camilla G. , Gless Christine , Hauß Thomas , Hellmig Michael , Jänisch Lea , James David , Lennartz Frank , Mijatovic Jelena , Oelker Melanie , Scanlan James W. , Weber Gert , Wollenhaupt Jan , Mueller Uwe , Dobbek Holger , Wahl Markus C. , Weiss Manfred S. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTCrystallographic fragment screening (CFS) has recently matured into an important method for the early stages of drug discovery projects. It is based on high‐throughput structure determination and thus requires a high degree of automation as well as specialized workflows and robust analysis tools. Consequently, large‐scale research facilities such as synchrotrons have embraced the method, and developed platforms to perform CFS campaigns with the help of crystallography experts and specific tools. The BESSY II synchrotron, operated by the Helmholtz–Zentrum Berlin (HZB), is one of these synchrotron facilities that offer a CFS platform, named the F2X‐facility. Here, the specialized F2X workflow is described along with the relevant differences to other existing CFS platforms, and the ongoing developments aimed at supporting users of the facility. The different stages of a CFS campaign including requirements, beamline capabilities, and the software environment are detailed and explained. A unique F2X‐GO kit is featured, which allows users the possibility of performing all sample preparation in their home laboratories. Furthermore, at the HZB a computational workflow has been built to support users beyond the hit identification stage. The advantages of the F2X‐facility at HZB are described and references are provided to successfully conduct CFS.
4‐Halomethyl‐Substituted Imidazolium Salts: A Versatile Platform for the Synthesis of Functionalized NHC Precursors
Authors: Pasyukov Dmitry V. , Shevchenko Maxim A. , Minyaev Mikhail E. , Chernyshev Victor M. , Ananikov Valentine P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractN,N′‐Diarylimidazolium salts containing haloalkyl functional groups that are reactive with various nucleophiles are considered to be promising reagents for the preparation of functionalized N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, which are in demand in catalysis, materials science, and biomedical research. Recently, 4‐chloromethyl‐functionalized N,N′‐diarylimidazolium salts became readily available via the condensation of N,N′‐diaryl‐2‐methyl‐1,4‐diaza‐1,3‐butadienes with ethyl orthoformate and Me3SiCl, but these compounds were found to have insufficient reactivity in reactions with many nucleophiles. These chloromethyl salts were studied as precursors in the synthesis of bromo‐ and iodomethyl‐functionalized imidazolium salts by halide anion exchange. The 4‐ICH2‐functionalized products were found to be unstable, whereas a series of novel 4‐bromomethyl functionalized N,N′‐diarylimidazolium salts were obtained in good yields. These bromomethyl‐functionalized imidazolium salts were found to be significantly more reactive towards various N, O and S nucleophiles than the chloromethyl counterparts and enabled the preparation of previously inaccessible heteroatom‐functionalized imidazolium salts, some of which were successfully used as NHC proligands in the preparation of Pd/NHC and Au/NHC complexes.
Stereoselective Electrochemical Synthesis of E‐Tetrasubstituted Haloalkenyl Chalcogenides
Authors: Lopes Eric F. , Costa e Silva Rodrigo , Souza Rafael A. C. , Sebastian Fernandez Pablo , Cezar Pastre Julio 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHerein, we describe an electrochemical method for the synthesis of haloalkenyl chalcogenides from internal alkynes using hydrobromic and hydrochloric acids as halogenating agents, with the sole byproduct being hydrogen gas. This e‐halochalcogenation protocol generates electrophilic chalcogenium species under mild conditions in a simple, undivided cell setup, enabling the synthesis of 25 examples of chloro‐ and bromovinyl selenides and sulfides with yields ranging from 10 % to 94 %, predominantly as the E‐isomer. The synthetic utility of the halovinyl chalcogenides was demonstrated through various transformations, yielding densely functionalized tetra‐substituted olefins. This underscores the versatility and efficiency of our method in assembling intricate molecular frameworks.