bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solvent‐Induced Dynamic Bond Regulation for Constructing Adaptive Lubricating Hydrogels with Switchable Tribological Performance and Environmental Adaptability
Authors: Yang Houji , Tan Lingling , Yan Jie , Chen Jianshan , Wu Xianzhang , Yang Shengrong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAdaptive lubricating hydrogels (ALH) show promise for reducing friction and energy consumption in various industrial applications. However, retarded switchable tribological performance and poor environmental adaptability limit their integration into application devices. Herein, a dynamic bond regulating strategy based on solvent conversion for producing an ALH with highly switchable tribological performance and decent environmental tolerance is proposed. By incorporating dynamic B─O bonds into the sodium alginate (SA) framework, these bonds transition between associative and dissociative states, facilitated by solvent conversion between glycerol and ethanol. This process modulates the mechanical modulus of the SA network, allowing for achieving highly switchable tribological performance. Furthermore, the inclusion of glycerol not only as a modulus regulator but also serves as an antifreeze component to impart the ALH with superior antifreeze and heat resistance properties, thus allowing the ALH to demonstrate excellent environmental adaptability. As a result, the resulting ALH exhibits highly switchable lubrication behavior, with a dynamically adjustable coefficient of friction (COF) between 0.022 and 0.157, and maintains consistent lubrication performance under a harsh environment (−40–60 °C), representing the state‐of‐the‐art in reported ALHs. This advancement allows for the development of intelligent brake devices (IBD), demonstrating potential applications in controlling drone speed.
Multi‐Level Wettability Patterned Porous Matrix for Advanced Optical Information Encryption
Authors: Ryu Min , Yoon Jongsun , Chae Minji , Chun Hyun Joon , Lee Hyomin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the rapidly evolving landscape of information security, the demand for optical encryption techniques based on wettability patterning, which allows decryption without sophisticated devices and complex procedures, is progressively increasing. However, conventional approaches based on binary wettability patterned surfaces impose significant constraints in their practical use for high‐level information security. Herein, a novel approach to optically encrypt information through multi‐level wettability patterning is introduced on a porous polymer matrix synthesized from vinyl methacrylate (VMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). By employing the thiol‐ene click reaction, precise patterning of functional groups is achieved that exhibit distinct wettability responses to aqueous solutions with varying surface tensions, as well as pH‐responsive and fluorescent markers. This multi‐level wettability system surpasses traditional binary hydrophilic/hydrophobic patterns by providing enhanced control over wettability states, resulting in higher‐level encryption of information. The integration of pH and fluorescence responsivity further elevates the complexity and security of the encrypted information, making it decipherable only under specific and controlled conditions. The innovative approach offers a highly secure, robust, and customizable encryption method, redefining the potential of optical encryption technologies.
Atomically Permeated MoP‐WOx Core‐Shell Catalysts for Efficient and Selective Oxidation of Thiophenic Sulfides in Fuels via Direct Electron Transfer Mechanism
Authors: Zou Juncong , Li Xiang , He Shanying , Niu Qiuya , Wu Shaohua , Yang Chunping 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHeterogeneous interfaces designed rationally in catalysts can induce geometrical, compositional, and electronic effects that can be applied to modulate catalytically active sites and consequently accelerate reaction kinetics. Here, a core‐shell heterostructure catalyst consisting of crystalline molybdenum phosphide (MoP) cores and amorphous tungsten oxide (WOx) shells on porous carbon nanosheets (PCN) is developed for oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of fuels. The strongly coupled core‐shell heterogeneous interface triggers a distinctive atomic permeation effect that induces substantial electron transfer from MoP to WOx and subsequent generation of electron‐rich W sites, consequently optimizing the adsorption of intermediates and substrates. The resulting catalyst (WOx@MoP/PCN) demonstrates a turnover frequency as high as 768.1 h−1 for ODS at 60 °C, exceeding that of almost all the state‐of‐the‐art ODS catalysts by 1–2 orders of magnitude. Moreover, a novel surface oxidation pathway based on direct electron transfer is identified in the WOx@MoP/PCN‐H2O2 system, which bypasses the formation of reactive oxygen species, consequently endowing the system with a moderate redox potential. Thus, WOx@MoP/PCN exhibits unprecedented selectivity, achieving 100% removal of thiophenic sulfides from real diesel with minimal consumption of oxidant.
pH and ROS Dual‐Responsive Autocatalytic Release System Potentiates Immunotherapy of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Su Qianyi , Wang Zhenyu , Li Peishan , Wei Xin , Xiao Jisheng , Duan Xiaopin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe immunosuppressive microenvironment severely limits the responsiveness of colorectal cancer (CRC) to immunotherapy. Herein, a pH and reactive oxygen species (ROS) dual‐responsive autocatalytic release system (TPDM/PGA) is constructed to reverse the immunosuppressive microenvironment and potentiate CRC immunotherapy. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and mitoxantrone (MTO) are conjugated to ROS‐responsive polyethylenimine (TP) via a ROS‐cleavable linker, respectively, and then coated with polyglutamic acid (PGA) to endow pH and ROS dual‐responsiveness. The dissociation of PGA within the acidic TME facilitates its deep penetration and cell internalization, while the intracellular released DHA and MTO in response to high levels of H2O2 further produced a large amount of ROS, forming positive feedback to accelerate drug release and exacerbate oxidative stress. TPDM/PGA collaboratively reversed the immunosuppressive microenvironment and induced a strong anti‐tumor immune response when combined with anti‐PD‐L1 antibody, significantly inhibiting tumor growth and prolonging the survival time of CT26 and MC38 tumor‐bearing mice. The excellent therapeutic effect, together with the good tolerance, make TPDM/PGA a promising candidate for enhanced immunotherapy of colorectal cancer.
Chemical Vapor Deposited Thin Palladium Sulfide Crystals for Highly Photoresponsive Photodetector
Authors: Jiang Shaolong , Zhao Erding , Zhang Xi , Yang Jin , Liu Qian , Liu Jiageng , Lang Yu‐Fei , Yang Qishuo , Zhou Bojian , Zhao Yu‐Qing , Sun Yilin , Su Fuhai , Hou Fuchen , Yang Guang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNonlayered palladium sulfide (PdS) is of interest due to its rich physical properties and promising applications in optoelectronic devices. However, the growth of thin nonlayered PdS remains challenging because of its intrinsic 3D lattice structure. Here, the first demonstration of the direct synthesis of thin rectangular PdS ribbons/flakes on SiO2/Si substrates by a facile chemical vapor deposition (CVD) approach is presented. The atomic structure and high crystalline quality of CVD‐derived PdS crystals are shown by scanning transmission electron microscopy. The nonlinear saturable absorption and absorption enhancement are revealed by using ultrafast optical pump‐probe spectroscopy, and the photocarrier dynamics present the hot phonon bottleneck and Auger recombination effects. Additionally, the Raman vibration modes display the polarization‐dependent properties verified by angle‐resolved polarized Raman spectroscopy. Importantly, the photodetector based on PdS ribbon demonstrates a decent photoresponsivity of ≈7.7 × 103 A W−1. These results provide an effective way to form thin nonlayered PdS with potential applications in the field of photodetection.
Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance Enhancement of Li2MnSiO4 Cathode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries via Mn‐Site Ni Doping
Authors: Guo Jing , Yan Xin , Yao Yuqi , Luo Shao‐hua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn exploring the potential of Li2MnSiO4 as a cathode material for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), the key challenges often involve enhancing electronic conductivity and lithium‐ion diffusion rates. To address these issues, this paper proposes the combination of solid‐state doping and a two‐step calcination process to successfully prepare the Li2Mn1−xNixSiO4 series of cathode materials, where Ni substitutes Mn at different doping amounts (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08). The use of chemically equivalent Ni2+ ions to replace Mn2+ ions is an effective method. Since the ionic radius of Ni2+ is smaller than that of Mn2+, this substitution can create more voids in the lattice structure. These increased voids provide smoother channels for the transport of electrons and lithium ions, thereby improving the material's electrical conductivity. At a Ni doping amount of 0.06, the material exhibits optimal electrochemical performance, achieving a discharge capacity of 155 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, significantly superior to undoped lithium manganese silicate. The doping of Mn sites with Ni significantly improves the conductivity and lithium‐ion diffusion capabilities of Li2MnSiO4, revealing the tremendous potential of doping strategies in optimizing the performance of LIBs cathode materials.
Fully Implantable Wireless Cardiac Pacing and Sensing System Integrated with Hydrogel Electrodes
Authors: Chang Zhiqiang , Wang Bingfang , Ren Qinjuan , Nie Jianfang , Guo Bihan , Lu Yuhan , Lu Xinxin , Zhang Ya , Ji Daizong , Lv Yingying , Rotenberg Menahem Y. , Fang Yin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCardiac pacemakers play a crucial role in arrhythmia treatment. Existing devices typically rely on rigid electrode components, leading to potential issues such as heart damage and detachment during prolonged cardiac motion due to the mechanical mismatch with cardiac tissue. Additionally, traditional pacemakers, with their batteries and percutaneous leads, introduce infection risks and limit freedom of movement. A wireless, battery‐free multifunctional bioelectronic device for cardiac pacing is developed. This device integrates highly conductive (160 S m−1), flexible (Young's modulus of 80 kPa is similar to that of mammalian heart tissue), and stretchable (270%) soft hydrogel electrodes, providing high signal‐to‐noise ratio (≈28 dB) electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings and effective pacing of the beating heart. The versatile device detects physiological and biochemical signals in the cardiac environment and allows for adjustable pacing in vivo studies. Remarkably, it maintained recording and pacing capabilities 31 days post‐implantation in rats. Additionally, the wireless bioelectronic device can be fully implanted in rabbits for pacing. By addressing a major shortcoming of conventional pacemakers, this device paves the way for implantable flexible bioelectronics, which offers promising opportunities for advanced cardiac therapies.
Bimetal Metaphosphate/Molybdenum Oxide Heterostructure Nanowires for Boosting Overall Freshwater/Seawater Splitting at High Current Densities
Authors: Wang Pan , Wang Pai , Wu Tongwei , Sun Xuping , Zhang Yanning 
Published: September 2024

AbstractExploring excellent non‐noble bifunctional electrocatalysts for freshwater/seawater splitting at high current densities has attracted extensive interest owing to strong anodic oxidation and severe chloride corrosion challenges. Herein, hierarchical bimetal Ni‐Co metaphosphate/molybdenum oxide heterostructure nanowires (NiCoMoPO) are rationally designed and fabricated to efficiently boost oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline freshwater/seawater, where the favorable electronic structure from heterostructures, signified by X‐ray absorption spectra, endows NiCoMoPO with the enhanced intrinsic activity, while its hierarchical nanowire structure and heterostructures provide abundant active sites. Additionally, the PO3− improves the chloride‐corrosion resistance and efficiently facilitates the OER kinetics verified by theoretical and experimental studies. Therefore, NiCoMoPO drives 1000 mA cm−2 at low overpotentials of 467 and 442 mV for OER and HER in alkaline freshwater respectively, as well as a small cell voltage of 2.135 V for overall freshwater splitting with robust durability of 300 h. Impressively, due to the strong corrosion resistance, at 500 mA cm−2 of overall seawater splitting, NiCoMoPO maintains almost 2.096 V for 1200 h, indicating promising practical applications. This work sheds light on the rational design and fabrication of outstanding electrocatalysts at high current densities of seawater/freshwater splitting.
Combine harvester outsourcing services and seasonal rural non‐farm employment in Myanmar
Authors: Belton Ben , Fang Peixun , Reardon Thomas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPrior research on mechanization outsource services has not explored seasonal variations in drivers and outcomes of adoption by smallholders. These omissions are important because seasonality of crop cultivation may influence intensity of demand for machines, while seasonality of demand for non‐farm labor may influence the availability and cost of agricultural workers and the opportunity costs of on‐farm self‐employment. We analyze seasonal correlates of combine harvester outsource service use in Myanmar. Surprisingly, adoption is not associated with lower labor costs or higher net margins from paddy cultivation. Rather, using combines releases family labor into more remunerative dry season non‐farm employment.
Mortality among Swedish seafarers 1985–2013
Authors: Eriksson Helena P. , Wallin Maria , Andersson Eva 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimThe aim was to investigate mortality among Swedish seafarers compared to the general population, and differences in mortality between occupational categories and differences over time.MethodsLongitudinal register‐based cohort study of 85,169 Swedish seafarers registered in the Swedish Transport Agency's Seafarers’ Registry (SR) 1985–2013. The cohort was matched with the Swedish Cause of Death Register. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated stratified by gender, job category, start of sea service, and time registered in the SR. Seafarers were followed until 66 years of age. Mortality by diseases was analyzed for seafarers with at least 5 years of sea service and mortality due to external causes was analyzed for all seafarers.ResultsTotal mortality was increased among men who started to work before 1985 (SMR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.21–1.32) and borderline significantly increased among women (SMR: 1.14, 95% CI: 0.99–1.32). Mortality ratios due to lung cancer, accidents, suicides, and mental disorders including substance abuse, were increased among seafarers who started to work before 1985. Mortality risks were particularly increased among the crew. SMRs tended to decrease over time, but mortality due to accidents was still increased among the crew who started to work 1985 or later (SMR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.02–2.63).ConclusionSwedish seafarers had an increased mortality compared to the general population in 1985–2013, particularly the crew. There is still an increased mortality in accidents among crew who started to work 1985 or later.
Effect of cold beverages on whole‐body heat exchange in young and older males during intermittent exercise in the heat
Authors: Richards Brodie J. , O'Connor Fergus K. , Koetje Nicholas J. , Janetos Kristina‐Marie T. , McGarr Gregory W. , Kenny Glen P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo mitigate health risks associated with occupational heat stress, workers are advised to adhere to a work‐rest regimen, and hydrate regularly. However, it remains unclear if beverage temperature influences whole‐body heat exchange during work‐rest cycles, and if responses differ in older workers who have a blunted heat loss capacity.MethodsTen young (mean [SD]: 22 [3] years) and 10 older (60 [4] years) males performed four 15‐min bouts of moderate‐intensity cycling at a fixed rate of metabolic heat production (200 W·m−2), each interspersed by 15‐min rest in dry heat (40°C, ~12% relative humidity). On separate days, participants consumed either ice‐slurry (~0°C), standardized to provide a heat transfer capacity of 75 kJ·m−2, or an identical mass of warm fluid (37.5°C) before the first and third exercise bouts. Evaporative and dry heat exchange (direct calorimetry) and metabolic heat production (indirect calorimetry) were measured continuously to determine cumulative heat storage (summation of heat loss and heat gain) over the entire protocol. Rectal temperature was also measured continuously.ResultsRelative to warm fluid, ice‐slurry ingestion reduced cumulative heat storage in young (69 [181] vs. 216 [94] kJ) and older males (90 [104] vs. 254 [140] kJ, main effect: p < 0.01), but was unaffected by age (p = 0.49). However, rectal temperature was unaffected by beverage temperature in both groups (all p ≥ 0.15).ConclusionWe show that cold fluid ingestion is an appropriate administrative control for both young and older males as it can mitigate increases in body heat content during moderate‐intensity work‐rest cycles in dry heat.
Prevalence and Distribution of Intracranial Vessel Occlusion on Angiography and Its Association with Functional Outcome in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Presenting with Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Benz Alexander P. , Meinel Thomas R. , Salerno Alexander , Beyeler Morin , Strambo Davide , Kaesmacher Johannes , Polymeris Alexandros A. , Kahles Timo , Katan Mira , Engelter Stefan T. , Carrera Emmanuel , Dirren Elisabeth , Peters Nils , Cereda Carlo W. , Kägi Georg , Renaud Susanne , Wegener Susanne , Bolognese Manuel , Bonati Leo H. , Fischer Urs , Arnold Marcel , Michel Patrik , Shoamanesh Ashkan , Connolly Stuart J. , Seiffge David J. ,   the Swiss Stroke Registry Investigators
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence and distribution of intracranial vessel occlusion identified on computed tomography (CT) or magnet resonance (MR) angiography and to explore its association with functional outcome in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ischemic stroke.MethodsMulticenter cohort study enrolling consecutive patients with AF with imaging‐confirmed ischemic stroke who underwent CT‐ or MR‐angiography on admission (2014–2022). Multivariable regression was used to explore the association between intracranial vessel occlusion and poor functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 3–6) at 90 days.ResultsThe analysis included 10,164 patients (median age 81.5 years, 47.8% female, median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score on admission 6; 14.7% on a vitamin K antagonist [VKA], 27.5% on a direct oral anticoagulant [DOAC], 57.8% not receiving oral anticoagulation). Angiography showed intracranial vessel occlusion in 5,190 patients (51.1%), affecting the anterior cerebral circulation in 87.4%. Overall, 29.2% and 29.4% of patients received thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy, respectively. The proportion of patients with poor functional outcome at 90 days was 60.6% and 42.7% in those with and without vessel occlusion, respectively. In multivariable analyses, vessel occlusion was associated with poor functional outcome (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.71–2.22) with consistent results in subgroups according to oral anticoagulation use (VKA, aOR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.40–2.80; DOAC, aOR: 2.35, 95% CI: 1.83–3.03; none, aOR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.49–2.09).InterpretationIntracranial vessel occlusion is common in patients with AF with ischemic stroke, mainly affects the anterior circulation and is associated with poor functional outcome. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:1115–1123
L–Cysteine‐Catalysed Hydration of Activated Alkynes
Authors: González‐Rodríguez Jorge , González‐Granda Sergio , Lavandera Iván , Gotor‐Fernández Vicente , Mangas‐Sánchez Juan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHydration reactions consist of the introduction of a molecule of water into a chemical compound and are particularly useful to transform alkynes into carbonyls, which are strategic intermediates in the synthesis of a plethora of compounds. Herein we demonstrate that L–cysteine can catalyse the hydration of activated alkynes in a very effective and fully regioselective manner to access important building blocks in synthetic chemistry such as β‐ketosulfones, amides and esters, in aqueous media. The mild reaction conditions facilitated the integration with enzyme catalysis to access chiral β‐hydroxy sulfones from the corresponding alkynes in a one‐pot cascade process in good yields and excellent enantiomeric ratios. These findings pave the way towards establishing a general method for metal‐free, cost‐effective, and more sustainable alkyne hydration processes.
High‐Performance Polyimide Covalent Organic Frameworks for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Exceptional Stability and Capacity Retention at High Current Densities
Authors: Li Jiali , Zhang Jinkai , Hou Yuxin , Suo Jinquan , Liu Jianchuan , Li Hui , Qiu Shilun , Valtchev Valentin , Fang Qianrong , Liu Xiaoming 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOrganic polymers are considered promising candidates for next‐generation green electrode materials in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, achieving long cycling stability and capacity retention at high current densities remains a significant challenge due to weak structural stability and low conductivity. In this study, we report the synthesis of two novel polyimide covalent organic frameworks (PI‐COFs), COF‐JLU85 and COF‐JLU86, by combining truxenone‐based triamine and linear acid anhydride through polymerization. These PI‐COFs feature layers with pore channels embedded with 18 carbonyl groups, facilitating rapid lithium‐ion diffusion and enhancing structural stability under high current densities. Compared to previously reported organic polymer materials, COF‐JLU86 demonstrates the excellent performance at high current densities, with an impressive specific capacity of 1161.1 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, and outstanding cycling stability, retaining 1289.8 mA h g−1 at 2 A g−1 after 1500 cycles and 401.1 mA h g−1 at 15 A g−1 after 10000 cycles. Additionally, in situ infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations provide mechanistic insights, revealing that the high concentration of carbonyl redox‐active sites and the optimized electronic structure contribute to the excellent electrochemical performance. These results highlight the potential of PI‐COFs as high‐performance organic electrode materials for LIBs, offering a promising solution to the challenges of long‐term stability and capacity retention at high current densities.