bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the lexico-grammatical resources of a non-native user of English: The case of can and could in email requests
Authors: Hall Christopher J. , Joyce Jack , Robson Chris 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Individual users of English as a first or second language are assumed to possess or aspire to a monolithic grammar, an internally consistent set of rules which represents the idealized norms or conventions of native speakers. This position reflects a deficit view of L2 learning and usage, and is at odds with usage-based approaches to language development and research findings on idiolectal variation. This study problematizes the assumption of monolithic ontologies of grammar for TESOL by exploring a fragment of genre-specific lexico-grammatical knowledge (the can you/could you V construction alternation in requests) in a single non-native user of English, post-instruction. A corpus sample of the individual’s output was compared with the input he was exposed to and broader norms for the genre. The analysis confirms findings in usage-based linguistics which demonstrate that an individual’s lexico-grammatical knowledge constitutes an inventory of constructions shaped in large part by distributional patterns in the input. But it also provides evidence for idiosyncratic preferences resulting from exemplar-based inertia in production, suggesting that input is not the sole factor. Results are discussed in the context of a “plurilithic” ontology of grammar and the challenges this represents for pedagogy and teacher development.
als etlich kristen lüt … mit dien Juden getantzet hant
Authors: Wenninger Markus J. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBased on the debate about the murals in the Jewish house »Zum Brunnenhof« in Zurich this essay discusses whether or not Christian participation in Jewish festivals was unusual and prohibited or normal in the Middle Ages. Following an outline of the relevant legal aspects – there were, up to the High Middle Ages, only occasional decrees from provincial councils that banned Christians from eating and celebrating with Jews; only from the twelfth century onwards were such bans included in the general canon law, while they were never part of secular legislation – the main part of this investigation focuses on actual reports of Christians attending Jewish festivals. These were mainly weddings, but there are also reports of Christians participating in Purim or other celebrations. Most relevant descriptions come from Germany, one from England, where the Bishop of Hereford 1286 took exception to the participation of Christians in a Jewish wedding, threatening with excommunication in an attempt to stop such behaviour. In Germany it was mostly a matter of municipal authorities punishing the dancing of Christians on days of fasting or religious holidays for moral reasons. But even in the increasingly anti-Jewish late Middle Ages, and in spite of the restrictions imposed by the church, nobody really minded the participation of Christians in Jewish festivals as such. In conclusion, various questions are being discussed which arise for the historian in connection with the participation of Christians in Jewish festivals and vice versa.
Über die jüdische Hochzeitsfeier in Münster bei Bingen (1495) und die ausrichtende Ärztefamilie
Authors: Mentgen Gerd 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn 1495 Philipp the Upright, Elector Palatine of the Rhine, had a large number of Jews arrested in the wine-growing village of Münster near Bingen. The Jews had gathered there to celebrate the wedding of a Jew’s daughter from Friedberg with David of Münster, son of the Jewish physician Salman and brother of the Jewish physician Josef of Münster. In medieval history, such weddings repeatedly resulted in dangerous allegations towards the Jews involved, accusing them of conspiring to commit ritual murders or host desecrations. Or they were accused of displaying indecently luxurious attires at these festivities. In addition, they often celebrated in the presence of Christians, a fact that the church might consider scandalous. It appears, however, that the Elector Philipp was not driven to his actions in Münster by such accusations. His actions must rather be discussed in the context of the contemporary Geleitrecht (right of escort) and the customs dispute between Münster and Bingen, which lasted from 1491 to 1495. This part of the study is complemented by a closer look at the history of the family of the bridegroom, David of Münster: the activities of David’s physician brother and of his father are relatively well documented since both resided in Frankfurt am Main for several years.
Estimation of pressure drop in gasket plate heat exchangers
Authors: Neagu Anisoara Arleziana , Koncsag Claudia Irina , Barbulescu Alina , Botez Elisabeta 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we present comparatively different methods of pressure drop calculation in the gasket plate heat exchangers (PHEs), using correlations recommended in literature on industrial data collected from a vegetable oil refinery. The goal of this study was to compare the results obtained with these correlations, in order to choose one or two for practical purpose of pumping power calculations. We concluded that pressure drop values calculated with Mulley relationship and Buonopane & Troupe correlation were close and also Bond’s equation gave results pretty close to these but the pressure drop is slightly underestimated. Kumar correlation gave results far from all the others and its application will lead to oversize. In conclusion, for further calculations we will chose either the Mulley relationship or the Buonopane & Troupe correlation.
Persistent vs. Permanent Income Shocks in the Buffer-Stock Model
Authors: Druedahl Jeppe , Jørgensen Thomas H. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
We investigate the effects of assuming a fully permanent income shock in a standard buffer-stock consumption model, when the true income process is only highly persistent. This assumption is computationally very advantageous, and thus often used, but might be problematic due to the implied misspecification. Across most parameterizations, and using the method of simulated moments, we find a relatively large estimation bias in preference parameters. For example, assuming a unit root process when the true AR(1) coefficient is 0.97, leads to an estimation bias of up to 30 percent in the constant relative risk aversion (CRRA) coefficient. If used for calibration, misspecified preferences could, for example, lead to a serious misjudgment in the value of social insurance mechanisms. Economic behavior, such as the marginal propensity to consume (MPC), of households simulated from the estimated (misspecified) model is, on the other hand, rather close to that from the correctly specified model.
Ethanol production from brown seaweed using non-conventional yeasts
Authors: Obata Oluwatosin , Akunna Joseph , Bockhorn Heike , Walker Graeme 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe use of macroalgae (seaweed) as a potential source of biofuels has attracted considerable worldwide interest. Since brown algae, especially the giant kelp, grow very rapidly and contain considerable amounts of polysaccharides, coupled with low lignin content, they represent attractive candidates for bioconversion to ethanol through yeast fermentation processes. In the current study, powdered dried seaweeds (Ascophylum nodosum and Laminaria digitata) were pre-treated with dilute sulphuric acid and hydrolysed with commercially available enzymes to liberate fermentable sugars. Higher sugar concentrations were obtained from L. digitata compared with A. nodosum with glucose and rhamnose being the predominant sugars, respectively, liberated from these seaweeds. Fermentation of the resultant seaweed sugars was performed using two non-conventional yeast strains: Scheffersomyces (Pichia) stipitis and Kluyveromyces marxianus based on their abilities to utilise a wide range of sugars. Although the yields of ethanol were quite low (at around 6 g/L), macroalgal ethanol production was slightly higher using K. marxianus compared with S. stipitis. The results obtained demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining ethanol from brown algae using relatively straightforward bioprocess technology, together with non-conventional yeasts. Conversion efficiency of these non-conventional yeasts could be maximised by operating the fermentation process based on the physiological requirements of the yeasts.
Can irisin be a linker between physical activity and brain function?
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zhang Weizhen 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIrisin was initially discovered as a novel hormone-like myokine released from skeletal muscle during exercise to improve obesity and glucose dysfunction by stimulating the browning of white adipose tissue. Emerging evidence have indicated that irisin also affects brain function. FNDC5 mRNA and FNDC5/irisin immunoreactivity are present in various regions of the brain. Central irisin is involved in the regulation of neural differentiation and proliferation, neurobehavior, energy expenditure and cardiac function. Elevation of peripheral irisin level stimulates hippocampal genes related to neuroprotection, learning and memory. In this brief review, we summarize the current understanding on neuronal functions of irisin. In addition, we discuss the pros and cons for this molecule as a potential messenger mediating the crosstalk between skeletal muscle and central nervous system during exercise.
Simultaneous measurement of elastic constants of full-size engineered wood-based panels by modal testing
Authors: Zhou Jianhui , Chui Ying Hei , Gong Meng , Hu Lin 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Engineered wood-based panels are widely used in structural applications. Accurate measurement of their elastic properties is of great importance for predicting their mechanical behavior during structural design. In this study, an efficient non-destructive test method for measurement of effective elastic constants of orthotropic wood-based panels is proposed based on a modal testing technique. An algorithm was developed based on an improved approximate frequency equation of transverse vibration of orthotropic plates under the boundary condition, in which two opposite sides are simply supported and the other two are free (SFSF). The method is able to predict the frequency ranges and mode indices as well as corresponding normalized sensitivity to elastic constants based on initial estimates of orthotropic ratios with uncertainties and measured fundamental natural frequency. Full-size engineered wood-based panels including cross laminated timber (CLT), oriented strand board (OSB), and medium density fiberboard (MDF) were tested with the proposed method. In general, the measured elastic constants of the three types of panel based on modal test agreed well with those corresponding values measured by static tests. More tests are needed with a range of panel sizes and types for further validation of the proposed test method.
Anaerobic exercise affects the saliva antioxidant/oxidant balance in high-performance pentathlon athletes
Authors: Sant’Anna Marcelo de Lima , Casimiro-Lopes Gustavo , Boaventura Gabriel , Marques Sergio Tadeu Farinha , Sorenson Martha Meriwether , Simão Roberto , Pinto Verônica Salerno 
Published: June 2016

PurposeInvestigate free radical production and antioxidant buffering in military pentathletes’ saliva after their performance of a standardized, running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST).MethodsSeven members of the Brazilian Navy pentathlon team were recruited to perform a running-based anaerobic test (~90 sec). The participants provided samples of saliva before and after the test that were analyzed for biomarkers of oxidative stress such as lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant capacity and the quantity of two specific antioxidants, glutathione and uric acid.ResultsThe lipid peroxidation increased ~2 fold after RAST, despite an increase in total antioxidant capacity (46%). The concentration of reduced glutathione did not change, while the uric acid concentration increased by 65%.ConclusionsThe evaluation in saliva following a sprint test that lasted no more than 90 sec was sensitive enough to reveal changes in redox state.
Exercise and academic achievement in children: Effects of acute class-based circuit training
Authors: Dickinson Ben D. , Duncan Michael J. , Eyre Emma L.J. 
Published: June 2016

PurposeFor schools, the increasingly imposed requirement to achieve well in academic tests puts increasing emphasis on improving academic achievement. While treadmill exercise has been shown to have beneficial effects on cognitive function and cycling ergometers produce stronger effect sizes than treadmill running, it is impractical for schools to use these on a whole-class basis. There is a need to examine if more ecologically valid modes of exercise might have a similar impact on academic achievement. Circuit training is one such modality shown to benefit cognitive function and recall ability and is easily operationalised within schools.MethodsIn a repeated measures design, twenty-six children (17 boys, 8 girls) aged 10–11 years (mean age 10.3; <i>SD</i> ± 0.46 years) completed the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT 4) at rest and following 30 minutes of exercise.ResultsStandardised scores for word reading were significantly higher post exercise (F(1,18) = 49.9, <i>p</i> = 0.0001) compared to rest. In contrast, standardised scores for sentence comprehension (F(1,18) = 0.078, <i>p</i> = 0.783), spelling (F(1,18) = 4.07, <i>p</i> = 0.06) mathematics (F(1,18) = 1.257, <i>p</i> = 0.277), and reading (F(1,18) = 2.09, <i>p</i> = 0.165) were not significantly different between rest and exercise conditions.ConclusionsThe results of the current study suggest acute bouts of circuit based exercise enhances word reading but not other areas of academic ability in 10–11 year old children. These findings support prior research that indicates acute bouts of exercise can selectively improve cognition in children.
Antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities of ethanolic extract of Pergularia daemia leaves: a possible substitute in diabetic management
Authors: Sarkodie Joseph Adusei , Squire Sylvia Afriyie , Oppong Bekoe Emelia , Fosu Domozoro Charles Yaw , Kretchy Irene Awo , Ahiagbe Mariesta Kurukulasuriya Jayaroshini , Frimpong-Manso Samuel , Oboba Kwakyi Nana Akua , Edoh Dominic Adotei , Sakyiama Maxwel , Lamptey Vida Korkor , Affedzi-Obresi Seigfried , Duncan John Lee , Debrah Philip , N’guessa Benoit Banga , Asiedu-Gyekye Julius Isaac , Kwadwo Nyarko Alexander 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Background: The leaves of Pergularia daemia Forsk (family Asclepidaceae) provide alternative plant-based treatments for the management of diabetes mellitus and diarrhoea in both humans and indigenous poultry species like the Guinea fowls (Numida meleagris). However, no scientific investigations to validate its usefulness in Ghana have been established. This study therefore sought to investigate the anti-hyperglycaemic activity of the 70 % ethanolic extract of P. daemia using streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male Sprague–Dawley rats. Additionally, the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the extract were investigated.

Methods: The total phenolic content, total flavonoids content, radical scavenging activity and reducing power assays were estimated using Folin–Ciocalteu method, aluminium chloride colorimetric assay, Fe3+ reduction assay and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays, respectively.

Results: The results showed that P. daemia extract caused anti-hyperglycaemic activity in the STZ-induced rats at doses of 30, 60 and 90 mg/kg body weight with significant reduction in blood glucose levels. The phytosterols, saponins, phenols, alkaloids, tannins and triterpenes found in the extract may be responsible for the observed anti-hyperglycaemia and antioxidant activities. The extract also showed antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.

Conclusions: These findings justify the folkloric use of P. daemia as an anti-diabetic and antibacterial agents for susceptible species.
Extremely Low Frequency Signal Acquisition, Recording and Analysis
Authors: Zantis Franz P. , Hribik Ján , Ďuračková Daniela 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Our environment is permeated by electrical and magnetic alternating waves in the frequency range above the AC voltage of 50 Hz and also in the radio frequency range. Much attention from the public is given to these waves. Through numerous studies and publications about this type of oscillations and waves it is largely known from which sources they occur and which impact they have. However, very little information could be found about electrical and magnetic alternating waves in the frequency range below 50 Hz. The aim of this research is to demonstrate that these signals exist and also to show how the signals look like and where and when they occur. This article gives an overview of the occurrence of these ELF (Extremely Low Frequencies) signals, their specific properties in view of the time domain and in view of the frequency domain and of the possible sources of these waves. Precise knowledge of the structures of the ELF signals allows conclusions about their potential to cause electromagnetic interference in electronic systems. Also other effects in our environment, eg on flora and fauna could be explained.
Security Problems of Scan Design and Accompanying Measures
Authors: Biasizzo Anton , Novak Franc 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The paper deals with the security problems of scan design and investigates currently proposed solutions. A solution based on data encryption to protect the data in scan chains is discussed and problems related to the block-based encoding are outlined. Next, security extension for IEEE Std. 1149.1 providing a locking mechanism is analysed. The mechanism prevents unauthorised users to interfere via test bus with the system normal operation. Possible attack scenario is considered and the probabilities of successful attack within a given time interval are calculated for different lengths of the Lock register. The paper concludes with the description of current work focused on improvements the security of the locking mechanism, in particular by using simplified public key infrastructure.
Investigation of Contact Formation during Silicon Solar Cell Production
Authors: Mojrová Barbora 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This article deals with the investigation of the influence of sintering conditions on the formation process of screen printed contacts on passivated boron doped P+ emitters. The experiment was focused on measuring of resistance changes of two thick film pastes during firing processes with different conditions. Two different temperature profiles were compared at an atmospheric concentration of O2. The influence of the O2 concentration on resistance was investigated for one profile. A rapid thermal processing furnace modified for in-situ resistance measurements was used. The change of resistance was measured simultaneously with the temperature.
Thompson’s conjecture for finite simple groups of Lie type Bn${B_{n}}$ and Cn${C_{n}}$
Authors: Ahanjideh Neda 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
For a group G, let

N
⁢

(
G
)

${N(G)}$

be the set of lengths of conjugacy classes of G. In this article, we prove a conjecture of
J. G. Thompson for the finite simple groups

B
n

⁢

(
q
)

${B_{n}(q)}$

and

C
n

⁢

(
q
)

${C_{n}(q)}$

, i.e., we show that every finite group G with the
property

Z
⁢

(
G
)

=
1

${Z(G)=1}$

and

N
⁢

(
G
)

=

N
⁢

(
S
)

${N(G)=N(S)}$

is necessarily isomorphic to S, where

S
∈

{

B
n

⁢

(
q
)

,

C
n

⁢

(
q
)

}

${S\in\{B_{n}(q),C_{n}(q)\}}$

. As a consequence, we show that if

Z
⁢

(
G
)

∩

Φ
⁢

(
G
)

=
1

${Z(G)\cap\Phi(G)=1}$

and

N
⁢

(
G
)

=

N
⁢

(
S
)

${N(G)=N(S)}$

, then G is isomorphic to

Z
⁢

(
G
)

×
S

${Z(G)\times S}$

.
Web-Based Intervention for Developing Long-Term Health Literacy of Individuals: Possibilities and Limitations
Authors: Krūmiņa Aira Aija , Ļubenko Jelena 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Web-based interventions (WBI) are purposefully developed online programs designed for wide range of users (clients, patients, health care specialists, as well as medical practitioners) which allow obtaining and using information on various issues related to health maintenance and improvement.
On the basis of the analysis of scientific literature, the article provides an overview of WBI types and components, as well as a structural model of WBI and its user in the context of environment factors. The possibilities of using WBI for developing long-term health literacy of individuals are specified. By summarising the main advantages and limitations of using WBI, the possible suggestions for the WBI use and development are offered.
Educational Action Research to Achieve the Essential Competencies of the Future
Authors: Kapenieks Jānis 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This article analyses the conformity of the educational action research (EAR) process for the improvement of selected competencies that will be necessary in the near future for each active and responsible person. The most requested competencies in the near and midterm future are determined in accordance with near future structural requirements of labour demand, determined by international organoizations.
The contribution is based upon the outcomes of the action research carried out in the internet environment, by Bachelor students majoring in information technologies at Riga Technical University, Latvia. Working in groups, they supplemented each other’s ideas, developing living theories.
The content analysis of the students’ supplementary submissions and living theories was carried out to identify the features indicating the development of student actions towards the improvement of the most necessary competencies in the near future.
To accomplish the objective of action research, at first, the most requested competencies in the near and midterm future were determined. Then the changes of the features, mentioned during the three action research cycles were identified. Finally, the most important features of the students’ actions indicating the development of two of key competencies, namely, Novel and adaptive thinking and Design Mindset, were identified. Perfection of referred competencies is viewed as the substantial part of education for sustainable development (ESD). The conclusions were drawn about the development of students’ competencies according to the future needs identified during the action research process on the internet.
Autonomous Learning for English Acquisition in Blended e-Studies for Adults within the Context of Sustainable Development
Authors: Bojāre Ināra 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Personality integration and self-realisation in the global economy and coevolution with multilingual cultural environment of sustainable learning society by means of technologies actualise the paradigm shift in science, and create the necessity for transdisciplinary research to resolve the problem of transformation of the system of values in the context of acquisition of languages. The research aims to create a holistic model of autonomous learning for English acquisition in blended environment of e-studies in the context of adult non-formal education. The research is done on the basis of the holistic paradigm of the science. Holistic methodology is used for investigation of the holistic system. The research resulted in creating the holistic model and working out the recommendations to facilitate of the transformation of the system of values of participants at the programmes of English acquisition of adult non-formal education. The results of the research are significant for developing the concept of autonomous learning.