bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid meshing using constrained Delaunay triangulation for viscous flow simulations
Authors: Wang Feng , di Mare Luca 
Published: April 2016

SummaryIn this paper, we present a generalized prismatic hybrid meshing method for viscous flow simulations. One major difficulty in implementing a robust prismatic hybrid meshing tool is to handle boundary layer mesh collisions, and normally an extra data structure (e.g. quadtree in two‐dimensional and octree in three‐dimensional) is required. The proposed method overcomes this difficulty via an heuristic approach, and it only relies on constrained delaunay triangulation/tetrahedralization(CDT). No extra data structures are required. Geometrical reasoning is used to approximate the maximum marching distance of each point by walking through the CDT. This is combined with post‐processing of marching vectors and distance and prohibition of multilevel differences to form an automatic and robust mechanism to remove boundary layer mesh collisions. Benefiting from the matureness of CDT techniques, the proposed method is robust, efficient and simple to implement. Its capability is demonstrated by generating quality prismatic hybrid meshes for industrial models with complex geometries. The proposed method is believed to be able considerably reduce the effort to implement a robust hybrid prismatic mesh generator for viscous flow simulations. © 2016 The Authors. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Reward for organ donation: is it effective or not as a promotion strategy?
Authors: Ahn Jisoo , Park Hyun Soon 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the effects of the rewards for organ donation as a promotion strategy, which is part of a campaign to promote organ donation in Korea by the non‐profit organization Korean Network for Organ Sharing. This study examines how the effects of rewards for organ donation differ in terms of reward types, public self‐consciousness, and stages of change. An interaction effect between types of reward, stage of change, and the degree of public self‐consciousness was found. Reward type and stage of change were found to function as moderators of the effect of public self‐consciousness on the intention to register for organ donation. The effect of public self‐consciousness on the intention for organ donation was positive and statistically significant among those who were in the contemplation stage and exposed to non‐material types of reward. On the other hand, the effect of public self‐consciousness on the intention for organ donation was negative among those in the pre‐contemplation stage and exposed to material types of reward. Practical implications for organ donation organizations are suggested. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microwave dielectric properties of polytetrafluoroethylene‐polyacrylate composite films made via aerosol deposition
Authors: O'Keefe Shamus , Luscombe Christine K 
Published: April 2016

AbstractFew studies have examined the deposition of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) using additive manufacturing and their subsequent properties in microwave devices. The present study examines polytetrafluoroethylene‐polyacrylate (PTFE‐PA) composite films made via aerosol deposition to assess the potential use of PTFE in additive manufacturing processes. The composites are composed of PTFE‐PA core − shell nanoparticles, synthesized using a seeded emulsion polymerization, containing various PTFE weight fractions up to 50%. The synthesized nanoparticles were sprayed onto a heated glass substrate and subsequently annealed at a temperature above the glass transition temperature of PA and below that of PTFE, rendering a solid film approximately 40 µm thick. A cavity perturbation resonance technique was employed to determine the complex permittivity of the films. As the volume fraction of PTFE increased, the real part of the permittivity ϵ′ decreased while the imaginary part of the permittivity ϵ″ showed little variation. The results demonstrate a promising approach for incorporating PTFE into additive manufacturing processes, particularly for microwave devices. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Similarity of Palaeocurrent: A Tool for Stratigraphic Correlation
Authors: Hota Rabindra Nath , Maejima Wataru 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Conventional stratigraphic correlations are based on similarity of lithology, order of superposition, marker bed, unconformity, grade of metamorphism, fossil content and geochronology of the rock units. The Gondwana strata have been correlated referring to the above mentioned criteria. In the present work, the Talchir and Karharbari formations of two adjacent Gondwana basins separated by over 200 Km were examined with respect to their palaeocurrent directions. The study suggests that the palaeocurrent populations of different formations in both the basins are statistically dissimilar, this is because, both are stratigraphically distinct in order of superposition and thus are not correlatable. On the other hand, the palaeocurrent populations of the same formation in both the basins are statistically similar and stratigraphically correlatable. It is suggested that the similarity of palaeocurrent can be regarded as a criterion for stratigraphic correlation at least in local and regional scale.
Petrology and Ar/Ar Chronology of Erdembaba and Kuyucak Volcanics Exposed along the North Anatolian Fault Zone (Eastern Pontides, NE Turkey): Implications for the Late Cenozoic Geodynamic Evolution of Eastern Mediterranean Region
Authors: Ekici Taner 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The Cenozoic geodynamic evolution of the Eastern Pontides Orogenic Belt (EPOB), which geographically corresponds to the northeastern part of Turkey, is still controversial due to lack of systematic geological, geochemical and chronological data. This paper provides new geochemical and chronological data from the Kuyucak and Erdembaba volcanics exposed along the North Anatolian Fault Zone, which is one of the most seismically-active intracontinental strike-slip fault systems on the globe, in the Reºadiye (Tokat) area that is situated in the southern part of the EPOB. Kuyucak volcanics consist predominantly of basaltic rocks including mainly olivine, augite and plagioclase. Erdembaba volcanics comprise mainly dacite and minor trachydacite-trachyandesite that are composed mainly of augite, plagioclase, hornblende and rarely biotite. The Geochemical properties of the Erdembaba volcanic define small amounts of magma mixing events and it follow a linear trend from a primitive end member through to upper crustal evolution. The 40Ar/39Ar age determinations of whole rock of volcanic rock samples yielded the ages ranging from 1.33 to 6.31 Ma (late Miocene-Pleistocene). Both groups display an enrichment in LIL and LREE elements relative to HFS and HREE elements, strong negative Nb and Ti anomalies. All geochemical and Ar/Ar chronological data indicate that the late Miocene Kuyucak volcanic rocks, which are characterized by low concentrations of SiO2 (&lt;50 wt.%), were generated by mantle-derived magmas that underwent contamination processes during their transfer to the surface. Whereas, Erdembaba volcanic rocks including high concentrations of SiO2 were derived from partial melting of the plunging continental crust beneath the Eurasian plate in Pliocene, after closure of Neotethys ocean that was situated in the southern part of the EPOB.
Earthquake Triggered Soft Sediment Deformational Structures (Seismites) in the Karewa Formations of Kashmir Valley – An Indicator for Palaeo-seismicity
Authors: Bhat Gulam Rasool , Bali Bikram S. , Balaji S. , Iqbal Vazeem , Balakrishna  
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The intermontane Karewa basin contains a wide variety of seismically induced soft sediment deformation structures, interpreted as seismites and occurs in 1300 m thick succession of upper and lower Karewas. The Karewa Formation of Kashmir valley are glacio-fluvial-lacustrine and aeolian loess of Plio-Pleistocene age. The soft sediment deformational structures occurs in various formations and members of Karewas and vary greatly in terms of morphology and pattern. The Karewa Formations were frequently confronted with recurrent seismic activities during differential upliftment of Pir Panjal and Zanaskar ranges which resulted in various deformation structures during their evolution and development. In the present study, an attempt has been made to relate the palaeo-seismicity events in Karewa formations with the deformed structures of various formations. The origin of these deformational structures have been interpreted and analyzed from the field evidences by applying paleo-seismological approach. During and after the deposition of Karewas different soft sediment deformation structures (seismites) like load cast, convolute lamination, pseudonodules, recumbent folds, sand dykes etc. were formed during liquefaction and triggered by tectonic impulsive events. The deformational structures are evidenced by their unique nature, distribution, association, behaviour and deformation, and can be used as vital indicators for palaeo-seismicity.
Statistical Analysis of Different Chemical Elements in Groundwater of Northwestern Saudi Arabia
Authors: Zumlot Taisser , Batayneh Awni , Zaman Haider , Ghrefat Habes , Mogren Saad , Nazzal Yousef , Elawadi Eslam , Elwaheidi Mahmoud 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
A total of 72 water samples were collected from the sub-surface aquifer system in the Midyan basin and analyzed for 24 major, minor and trace elements. Histograms and normal quantile plots were used to delineate the sub-populations of the chemical constituents in the studied groundwater samples. Some of the elements such as Al, K, Ca, Mg, Na and Cl have concentrations that could be linked to the weathering of the surface rock strata. On the other hand, the elements like As, Pb and Sb have concentration, that can be linked to agricultural practices in the area. The use of simple statistical analysis, frequency histograms, and Q-Q plots were useful for the detection and evaluation of elemental constituents in the groundwater of the study area.
The relationship between the social support level perceived by patients with gynecologic cancer and mental adjustment to cancer
Authors: Yağmur Yurdagül , Duman Mesude 
Published: April 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the relationship between the level of the social support perceived by patients with gynecologic cancer and their mental adjustment to cancer.MethodsThe present descriptive study enrolled women with gynecologic cancer receiving care in the Diyarbakir province of Turkey between November 2013 and October 2014. Data were obtained via the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support questionnaire and the scale of Mental Adjustment to Cancer.ResultsAmong 190 women with gynecologic cancer, all subscales of perceived social support had a positive correlation with the subscale fighting spirit (r = 0.34–0.56; P < 0.001 for all), and a negative correlation with the subscales of helplessness/hopelessness (r = − 0.25 to − 0.48; P < 0.001 for all) and fatalism (r = − 0.20 to − 0.30; P < 0.01 for all) in the Mental Adjustment to Cancer scale.ConclusionAmong patients with gynecologic cancer, the response styles to cancer were considerably affected by the perceived level of social support. Raising the awareness of society and healthcare professionals will increase the level and quality of social support provided for patients with gynecologic cancer.
Streamflow variability for the Aksu River on the southern slopes of the Tien Shan inferred from tree ring records
Authors: Zhang Ruibo , Yuan Yujiang , Gou Xiaohua , Yang Qing , Wei Wenshou , Yu Shulong , Zhang Tongwen , Shang Huaming , Chen Feng , Fan Ziang , Qin Li 
Published: April 2016

Gauged river flow records from China generally span only a few decades, which hampers the detection of long-term, decadal- to centennial-scale cycles and trends in streamflow variability. New and updated tree-ring chronologies help reconstructed the water-year (October–September) streamflow for the Aksu River, which is an important river at the edge of the Taklimakan Desert that drains into the Tarim Basin. The reconstruction dates back to 1692 and has an adjusted r2 of 0.61 (1957–2006). Based on frequency, intensity and duration of droughts and pluvial events, the lowest streamflows occurred in the 1920s. Since then streamflow has continuously increased, and was exceptionally rapidly after the 1960s, until today. The start and end of the 20th century to the present were the highest streamflow periods. The mid-20th century was the longest and driest period over the past 300 yr. The reconstructed streamflow series has a strong positive correlation with the North Atlantic Oscillation Index. Changes in mid-latitude circulation patterns influencing precipitation may have indirectly resulted in streamflow variations along the Aksu River over the past 300 yr. The rapid increase and the exceptional streamflows of the 1960s are likely linked with global warming and mid-latitude atmospheric circulation changes.
In utero testosterone exposure influences physiological responses to dyadic interactions in neurotypical adults
Authors: Truzzi Anna , Senese Vincenzo Paolo , Setoh Peipei , Ripoli Cristian , Esposito Gianluca 
Published: April 2016

ObjectiveWe investigated how different levels of prenatal exposure to testosterone influence physiological reactions to dyadic interactions, hypothesising that higher levels of prenatal testosterone are linked to greater physiological responses.MethodAutonomic nervous system responses to dyadic interactions focussed on social or physical norms were measured. Physiological assessment of excitability (heart rate, facial temperature) and a behavioural assessment (Likert items judgements) were run on 25 neurotypical participants who had distinct testosterone exposure levels in utero. In utero exposure to testosterone was assessed measuring 2D : 4D (ratio between the lengths of the index and the ring fingers).ResultsHigher testosterone exposure participants showed greater physiological arousal: a greater heart rate decrease, independent from scenario type (p<0.05), and opposite facial temperature changes in response to social (increase) (vs.) physical scenarios (decrease) were found (Left-cheek: p<0.05; Right-cheek: p<0.05).ConclusionThese findings suggest a long-term influence of prenatal environment on adults’ physiological responses during social situations.
The association between dietary patterns derived by reduced rank regression and depressive symptoms over time: the Invecchiare in Chianti (InCHIANTI) study
Authors: Vermeulen Esther , Stronks Karien , Visser Marjolein , Brouwer Ingeborg A. , Schene Aart H. , Mocking Roel J. T. , Colpo Marco , Bandinelli Stefania , Ferrucci Luigi , Nicolaou Mary 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis study aimed to identify dietary patterns using reduced rank regression (RRR) and to explore their associations with depressive symptoms over 9 years in the Invecchiare in Chianti study. At baseline, 1362 participants (55·4 % women) aged 18–102 years (mean age 68 (sd 15·5) years) were included in the study. Baseline data collection started in 1998 and was repeated after 3, 6 and 9 years. Dietary intake information was obtained using a country-specific, validated FFQ with 188 food items. For baseline diet, dietary pattern scores in quartiles (Q) were derived using RRR with the nutrients EPA+DHA, folate, Mg and Zn as response variables. Continuous depression scores from the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale were used for assessing depressive symptoms. The derived dietary pattern was rich in vegetables, olive oil, grains, fruit, fish and moderate in wine and red and processed meat, and was labelled as ‘typical Tuscan dietary pattern’. After full adjustment, an inverse association was observed between this dietary pattern and depressive symptoms at baseline (Q1 v. Q4, B −2·77; 95 % CI −4·55, −0·98). When examining the relationship between the above-mentioned dietary pattern at baseline and depressive symptoms over 9 years, a similar association was found after full adjustment for confounding factors (Q1 v. Q4, B −1·78; 95 % CI −3·17, −0·38). A diet rich in vegetables, olive oil, grains, fruits, fish and moderate in wine and red and processed meat was consistently associated with lower CES-D scores over a 9-year period in the Tuscan population.
ACQUISITION AND AUTOMATED RECTIFICATION OF HIGH-RESOLUTION RGB AND NEAR-IR AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS TO ESTIMATE PLANT BIOMASS AND SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY IN ARID AGRO-ECOSYSTEMS
Authors: SELSAM PETER , SCHAEPER WOLFGANG , BRINKMANN KATJA , BUERKERT ANDREAS 
Published: April 2016

SUMMARYIncreasing image resolution and shrinking camera size facilitates easy mounting of digital cameras on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to collect large amounts of high-resolution aerial photos for soil surface and vegetation monitoring. Major challenges remain geo-referencing of these images, reliable stitching (mosaicking), elimination of geometric image distortions and compensation of limited image quality and high cost of the equipment. In this study, we report upon the design and field-testing of a custom-made, cost-effective mini-UAV allowing the acquisition of RGB and near-IR images covering areas of 1–2 km2 in each flight and the development of a software tool to automatically combine the geo-referenced images into a seamless image mosaic. Object-orientated image classification was used to estimate plant biomass. The images allowed to determine the distribution and biomass of selected plant species and other landscape features such as field borders and settlement patterns as well as to construct a simple 3D model of the topography of the surveyed area. The setup facilitates the cost-effective acquisition, mosaicking and classification of hundreds of RGB and near-IR images with a spatial resolution of 5–10 cm.
Beyond Local Protectionism: China's State–Business Relations in the Last Two Decades
Authors: Wang Yuhua 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis article presents a large-scale, systematic study of politically connected firms in China. It was conducted by compiling a database of all the publicly traded firms in China in 1993, 2002 and 2012 that codes the biographies of hundreds of thousands of board members. I find that there has been a significant increase in the percentage of firms that are connected with the national government in the last 20 years. This casts doubt on a popular argument that businesses in China have primarily relied on “local protectionism.” I interpret this as a result of firms' need to connect with powerful and stable institutions. I test this by examining the impact of the fall of Chen Liangyu on firms in Shanghai.
Is the onset of influenza in the community age-related?
Authors: FLEMING D. M. , DURNALL H. , WARBURTON F. , ELLIS J. S. , ZAMBON M. C. 
Published: April 2016

SUMMARYWe studied the spread of influenza in the community between 1993 and 2009 using primary-care surveillance data to investigate if the onset of influenza was age-related. Virus detections [A(H3N2), B, A(H1N1)] and clinical incidence of influenza-like illness (ILI) in 12·3 million person-years in the long-running Royal College of General Practitioners-linked clinical-virological surveillance programme in England & Wales were examined. The number of days between symptom onset and the all-age peak ILI incidence were compared by age group for each influenza type/subtype. We found that virus detection and ILI incidence increase, peak and decrease were in unison. The mean interval between symptom onset to peak ILI incidence in virus detections (all ages) was: A(H3N2) 20·5 [95% confidence interval (CI) 19·7–21·6] days; B, 18·8 (95% CI 15·8·0–21·7) days; and A(H1N1) 17·0 (95% CI 15·6–18·4) days. Differences by age group were examined using the Kruskal–Wallis test. For A(H3N2) and A(H1N1) viruses the interval was similar in each age group. For influenza B there were highly significant differences by age group (P= 0·0001). Clinical incidence rates of ILI reported in the 8 weeks preceding the period of influenza virus activity were used to estimate a baseline incidence and threshold value (upper 95% CI of estimate) which was used as a marker of epidemic progress. Differences between the age groups in the week in which the threshold was reached were small and not localized to any age group. In conclusion we found no evidence to suggest that influenza A(H3N2) and A(H1N1) occurs in the community in one age group before another. For influenza B, virus detection was earlier in children aged 5–14 years than in persons aged ⩾25 years.
L'approche comparative dans le contexte des français en Amérique du Nord
Authors: COMEAU PHILIP 
Published: April 2016

Le français fait montre d'une diversité impressionnante au plan global, ce qui nous présente un véritable laboratoire sociolinguistique pour l’étude du changement linguistique et de la variation, des phénomènes de contact, de l'aménagement linguistique, de l'acquisition, etc. Par contre, d'après Françoise Gadet (2011:132), «[o]n peut alors se demander pourquoi les chercheurs sur le français n'ont pas davantage exploité une telle opportunité.» L'article de Mougeon, Hallion, Bigot et Papen répond bien aux appels de Gadet en faveur d'augmenter le nombre d’études sur les différentes variétés, ce qui nous permet d'explorer la «palette de diversité» du français (Gadet 2011:132). En ce qui a trait plus précisément aux français de l'Ouest canadien, les articles sur ces variétés sont de plus en plus nombreux, ce qui contraste avec la situation depuis quelques décennies. À titre d'exemple, le livreLe français canadien parlé hors Québec: aperçu sociolinguistique(dir. par Mougeon et Beniak 1988) est organisé en deux parties, la première sur le français ontarien et la seconde sur le français acadien, ce qui tient compte des variétés de français de l'est du Canada, mais pas de l'ouest. En dépit du fait que les variétés de français à l'ouest de l'Ontario sont exclues de ce livre, Mougeon et Beniak (1988:2) remarquent qu'il «est toutefois à souhaiter [. . .] [que] la linguistique du français canadien continuera sa poussée vers l'Ouest». Ce n'est pas par erreur qu'ils excluent ces variétés, mais plutôt parce qu'il y a un véritable «manque d’études sur le français de l'Ouest canadien» (1988:2).
Managing an ‘Army of Peoples’: Identity, Command and Performance in the Habsburg Officer Corps, 1914–1918
Authors: WATSON ALEXANDER 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis article examines the officers who led the Habsburg Army during the First World War. It highlights the complexity of their identities, demonstrating that this went well beyond the a-national – nationalist dichotomy in much historiography. It also argues that these officers' identities had a profound impact on how their army functioned in the field. The article first studies the senior command in 1914–16, showing how its wartime learning processes were shaped by transnational attitudes. These officers had belonged in peace to an international military professional network. When disaster befell their army at the outset of the First World War, it was natural for them to seek lessons from foreign armies, at first from their major enemies, the Russians, and later their German allies. The second half of the article explores the changing loyalties of the reserve officers tasked with frontline command in the later war years. It contends that the officer corps' focus on maintaining social and educational standards resulted in an influx of middle-class junior leaders whose conditional commitment to the Empire and limited language skills greatly influenced the Habsburg Army's record of longevity but mediocre combat performance.