bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toxicokinetic Profiles and Potential Endocrine Disruption Effects at the Reproductive Level Promoted by Siloxanes Used in Consumer Products
Authors: Marrugo‐Padilla Albeiro , Atencio‐Diaz Aylin Berussa , Barros‐Domínguez Maria Fernanda , Guerra‐Rivadeneira Jose Daniel , Hernandez‐Cuesta Laura Valentina , Viloria‐Gamez Leandra Marcela 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSiloxanes, commonly known as silicones, are polymeric compounds made up of silicon and oxygen atoms bonded together alternately. Within this group of substances are linear methyl‐siloxanes and cyclic methyl‐siloxanes, with octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) being the most produced and used industrially. Due to their versatility, high production volume, stability, and local presence in environmental matrices and biological fluids such as breast milk, fat, and plasma, siloxanes have been considered persistent organic pollutants, representing a public health problem. This represents a public health concern, especially when different investigations have reported potential endocrine effects at the reproductive level in experimental animals exposed to D4 and D5. The objective of this study was to review the potential reproductive and endocrine effects derived from siloxanes present in personal care products (PCPs). The results of the literature review confirmed that D4 and D5 were the most used siloxanes as additives in PCP because they improve the emollient properties of the cosmetic and the physical appearance of hair and skin. Similarly the toxicological effects of siloxanes, particularly D4, D5, and D6 included significant endocrine disruption, reproductive toxicity, and liver toxicity. Studies in SD and F‐344 rats, commonly used to assess these effects, have shown that D4 has low estrogenic activity, binding to ER‐α receptors, whereas D5 does not bind to estrogen receptors. D4 exposure has been associated with increased uterine weight and estrous cycle alterations, leading to prolonged exposure to estrogens, which raises the risk of endometrial hyperproliferation and carcinogenesis. Recent research highlights that D5 exposure disrupts follicle growth, endometrial receptivity, and steroidogenesis, resulting in infertility and hormonal imbalances, potentially causing disorders like endometriosis and increased cancer risk. Chronic exposure to D5 has been linked to the development of uterine endometrial adenocarcinoma, with higher doses further elevating this risk.
Small RNAs in plasma extracellular vesicles define biomarkers of premanifest changes in Huntington's disease
Authors: Herrero‐Lorenzo Marina , Pérez‐Pérez Jesús , Escaramís Georgia , Martínez‐Horta Saül , Pérez‐González Rocío , Rivas‐Asensio Elisa , Kulisevsky Jaime , Gámez‐Valero Ana , Martí Eulàlia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDespite the advances in the understanding of Huntington's disease (HD), there is a need for molecular biomarkers to categorize mutation carriers during the preclinical stage of the disease preceding functional decline. Small RNAs (sRNAs) are a promising source of biomarkers since their expression levels are highly sensitive to pathobiological processes. Here, using an optimized method for plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) purification and an exhaustive analysis pipeline of sRNA sequencing data, we show that EV‐sRNAs are downregulated early in mutation carriers and that this deregulation is associated with premanifest cognitive performance. Seven candidate sRNAs (tRF‐Glu‐CTC, tRF‐Gly‐GCC, miR‐451a, miR‐21‐5p, miR‐26a‐5p, miR‐27a‐3p and let7a‐5p) were validated in additional subjects, showing a significant diagnostic accuracy at premanifest stages. Of these, miR‐21‐5p was significantly decreased over time in a longitudinal study; and miR‐21‐5p and miR‐26a‐5p levels correlated with cognitive changes in the premanifest cohort. In summary, the present results suggest that deregulated plasma EV‐sRNAs define an early biosignature in mutation carriers with specific species highlighting the progression and cognitive changes occurring at the premanifest stage.
Switchover phenomenon for general graphs
Authors: Keliger Dániel , Lovász László , Móri Tamás Ferenc , Ódor Gergely 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe study SIR‐type epidemics (susceptible‐infected‐resistant) on graphs in two scenarios: (i) when the initial infections start from a well‐connected central region and (ii) when initial infections are distributed uniformly. Previously, Ódor et al. demonstrated on a few random graph models that the expectation of the total number of infections undergoes a switchover phenomenon; the central region is more dangerous for small infection rates, while for large rates, the uniform seeding is expected to infect more nodes. We rigorously prove this claim under mild, deterministic assumptions on the underlying graph. If we further assume that the central region has a large enough expansion, the second moment of the degree distribution is bounded and the number of initial infections is comparable to the number of vertices, the difference between the two scenarios is shown to be macroscopic.
Functional evaluation of TMEM176B and its predictive role for severe respiratory viral infection through integrated analysis of single‐cell and bulk RNA‐sequencing
Authors: Shang Congcong , Yu Jiapei , Zou Shumei , Li Hui , Cao Bin ,   for the CAP‐China network
Published: October 2024

AbstractTransmembrane protein 176B (TMEM176B), localized mainly on the endosomal membrane, has been reported as an immune regulatory factor in malignant diseases. However, the biological function of this molecule remains undetermined during respiratory viral infections. To investigate the functions and prognostic value of this gene, six gene sets were selected from the Gene Expression Omnibus database for research. First, the function of TMEM176B and its co‐expressed genes were evaluated at different levels (cell, peripheral blood, lung tissue). Afterwards, a machine learning algorithm was utilized to analyze the relationship between TMEM176B and its interacting genes with prognosis. After importance evaluation and variable screening, a prognostic model was established. Finally, the reliability of the model was further verified through external data sets. In vitro experiments were conducted to validate the function of TMEM176B. TMEM176B and its co‐expressed genes are involved in multiple processes such as inflammasome activation, myeloid immune cell development, and immune cell infiltration. Machine learning further screened 27 interacting gene modules including TMEM176B as prognostic models for severe respiratory viral infections, with the area under the ROC curve (AUCs) of 0.986 and 0.905 in derivation and external validation sets, respectively. We further confirmed that viral load as well as NLRP3 activation and cell death were significantly enhanced in TMEM176B‐/‐ THP‐1‐differentiated macrophages via in vitro experiments. Our study revealed that TMEM176B is involved in a wide range of biological functions in respiratory viral infections and has potential prognostic value, which is expected to bring new insights into the clinical management of severe respiratory viral infection hosts.
Comparison of indicators to evaluate the performance of climate models
Authors: Gómez Mario J. , Barboza Luis A. , Hidalgo Hugo G. , Alfaro Eric J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe evaluation of climate models is a crucial step in climate studies. It consists of quantifying the resemblance of model outputs to reference data to identify models with superior capacity to replicate specific climate variables. Clearly, the choice of the evaluation indicator significantly impacts the results, underscoring the importance of selecting an indicator that properly captures the characteristics of a “good model”. This study examines the behaviour of six indicators, considering spatial correlation, distribution mean, variance and shape. Monthly data for precipitation, temperature and teleconnection patterns in Central America were utilized in the analysis. A new multicomponent measure was selected based on these criteria to assess the performance of 32 CMIP6 models in reproducing the annual seasonal cycle of these variables. The top six models were determined using multicriteria methods. It was found that even the best model reproduces one derived climatic variable poorly in this region. The proposed measure and selection method can contribute to enhancing the accuracy of climatological research based on climate models.
Greening Separation and Purification of Proteins and Peptides
Authors: Maráková Katarína 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe increasing awareness of environmental issues and the transition to green analytical chemistry (GAC) have gained popularity among academia and industry in recent years. One of the principles of GAC is the reduction and replacement of toxic solvents with more sustainable and environmentally friendly ones. This review gives an overview of the advances in applying green solvents as an alternative to the traditional organic solvents for peptide and protein purification and analysis by liquid chromatography (LC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) methods. The feasibility of using greener LC and CE methods is demonstrated through several application examples; however, there is still plenty of room for new developments to fully realize their potential and to address existing challenges. Thanks to the tunable properties of designer solvents, such as ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents, and almost infinite possible mixtures of components for their production, it is possible that some new designer solvents could potentially surpass the traditional harmful solvents in the future. Therefore, future research should focus mainly on developing new solvent combinations and enhancing analytical instruments to be able to effectively work with green solvents.
On temporal regularity and polynomial decay of solutions for a class of nonlinear time‐delayed fractional reaction–diffusion equations
Authors: Thu Tran Thi , Van Tuan Tran 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper is devoted to analyzing the regularity in time and polynomial decay of solutions for a class of fractional reaction–diffusion equations (FrRDEs) involving delays and nonlinear perturbations in a bounded domain of . By establishing some regularity estimates in both time and space variables of the resolvent operator, we present results on the Hölder and ‐regularity in time of solutions for both time‐delayed linear and semilinear FrRDEs. Based on the aforementioned results, we study the existence, uniqueness, and regularity of solutions to an identification problem subjected to the delay FrRDE and the additional observations given at final time. Furthermore, under quite reasonable assumptions on nonlinear perturbations and the technique of measure of noncompactness, the existence of decay solutions with polynomial rates for the problem under consideration is shown.
Simple and Effective Identification of Local 6π‐ and Global [4n + 2] Aromaticity of Macrocyclic Conjugated Hydrocarbons by 1H/13C Chemical Shifts and the Corresponding Ring Current Effect
Authors: Kleinpeter Erich , Koch Andreas 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTStructures, 1H/13C chemical shifts, and the ring current effects (spatial magnetic properties: through‐space NMR shieldings [TSNMRSs]) of various π‐conjugated macrocyclic hydrocarbons and the corresponding charged analogues have been calculated at the B3LYP/6‐311G(d,p) theory level using the GIAO perturbation method and employing the nucleus‐independent chemical shift (NICS) characterization. The spatial magnetic properties (TSNMRS) are visualized as iso‐chemical shielding surfaces (ICSSs) of various size and direction and together with especially the δ(1H)/ppm chemical shifts employed to unequivocally qualify and quantify local 6π‐aromaticity of individual benzenoid building blocks and the global ([4n + 2], n > 1) aromaticity of the macrocyclic ring.
Bilateral orthogonality generative acquisitions method for homogeneous T2* images using parallel transmission at 7 T
Authors: Boğa Çelik , Henning Anke 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeThe novel bilateral orthogonality generative acquisitions method has been developed for homogeneous images without the effects of transmit field inhomogeneity using a parallel‐transmission (pTx) system at 7 T.Theory and MethodsA new method has been introduced using four low‐angle gradient‐echo (GRE) acquisitions to obtain homogeneous contrast by removing the effects of transmit field inhomogeneity in the pTx system. First, two input images are obtained in circularly polarized mode and another mode in which the first transmit channel or channel group have an additional transmit phase of π. The last two acquisitions are single‐channel acquisitions for a dual‐channel system or single‐channel group acquisitions for more than two channels. The introduced method is demonstrated in dual‐channel and eight‐channel pTx systems using phantom and whole‐brain in vivo experiments. Noise performance of the proposed method is also tested against the ratio of two GRE acquisitions and the TIAMO (time‐interleaved acquisitions of modes) method.ResultsTh new method results in more homogeneous contrast in the final images than the compared methods, particularly in the low‐intensity regions of circularly polarized–mode images for the images obtained via ratio of the two GRE acquisitions.ConclusionThe introduced method is easy to implement, robust, and provides homogeneous images of the whole brain using pTx systems with any number of channels, compared with the ratio of the two GRE images and the TIAMO method.
Analytical Solutions for Consolidation of Soft Ground With Impervious Columns Considering Non‐Darcian Flow
Authors: Li Kuo , Lu Mengmeng , Sun Jinxin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCohesive material columns have been extensively used in foundation improvement projects to enhance the bearing capacity of composite foundations and mitigate post‐construction settlement. However, the low permeability of cohesive material columns restricts the dissipation of pore water primarily through the top surface of the foundation, potentially resulting in longer drainage paths compared to foundations treated with granular material columns or vertical drains. Moreover, the impact of non‐Darcian flow within soils on consolidation behavior becomes increasingly pronounced as the drainage path increases. Consequently, a novel analytical model for the consolidation of impervious column‐assisted foundations is established, which can incorporate the seepage model accounting for the initial hydraulic gradient. The accuracy and reasonableness of the obtained solution are then validated by conducting a comparative analysis with existing models and through a detailed case study. Furthermore, a parametric analysis is conducted to delve into the influence of several crucial factors on the consolidation performance. The findings demonstrate that non‐Darcian flow has a greater influence on composite foundations compared to natural foundations. Additionally, the threshold value of the well‐diameter ratio decreases with the increase in the initial hydraulic gradient. Finally, the final seepage front remains at a shallower position when the column–soil modulus ratio becomes larger, and the influence of non‐Darcian flow on the consolidation rate becomes more pronounced.
Construction of Metaphorical Maps of Cyberspace Resources Based on Point‐Cluster Feature Generalization
Authors: Liu Yifan , Zhang Heng , Zhou Yang , Qi Kai , Li Qingxiang 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn the digital age, the expansion of cyberspace has resulted in increasing complexity, making clear cyberspace visualization crucial for effective analysis and decision‐making. Current cyberspace visualizations are overly complex and fail to accurately reflect node importance. To address the challenge of complex cyberspace visualization, this study introduces the integrated centrality metric (ICM) for constructing a metaphorical map that accurately reflects node importance. The ICM, a novel node centrality measure, demonstrates superior accuracy in identifying key nodes compared to degree centrality (DC), k‐shell centrality (KC), and PageRank values. Through community partitioning and point‐cluster feature generalization, we extract a network's hierarchical structure to intuitively represent its community and backbone topology, and we construct a metaphorical map that offers a clear visualization of cyberspace. Experiments were conducted on four original networks and their extracted backbone networks to identify core nodes. The Jaccard coefficient was calculated considering the results of the three aforementioned centrality measures, ICM, and the SIR model. The results indicate that ICM achieved the best performance in both the original networks and all extracted backbone networks. This demonstrates that ICM can more precisely evaluate node importance, thereby facilitating the construction of metaphorical maps. Moreover, the proposed metaphorical map is more convenient than traditional topological maps for quickly comprehending the complex characteristics of networks.
The Experience of Women Receiving Mastectomy Care in an Acute Surgical Ward: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Frost Celine , Lesā Raewyn , Richardson Sandra 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimThe research aim was to understand the inpatient experience of women who received postoperative care for mastectomy surgery in an acute surgical ward.DesignA Qualitative Descriptive Research design was used.MethodsThe lead researcher conducted individual semi‐structured interviews with 10 women who received postoperative care following mastectomy surgery in an acute hospital surgical ward. The transcribed interview data was analysed using a thematic analysis.ResultsA mastectomy is a momentous event in any woman's life. In the initial post‐operative phase, the physical intrusion of surgery, aesthetics of the ward, and mixed‐gender rooms were all found to influence the women's journey towards holistic recovery. Therapeutic care from all in the healthcare team and a ward setting conducive to recovery were identified as favourable influences towards physical and emotional healing.ConclusionRecognising that a mastectomy ‘is not just physical’ may help the breast care team optimise the first 24 h of postoperative care in preparation for the challenges the women may face on discharge.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareIn an acute inpatient setting, a women's physical needs may be prioritised over the psychological and emotional ramifications of a mastectomy. Post‐operative inpatient care for breast cancer surgery requires not only professional competency with clinical and technical tasks, but therapeutic nursing and communication skills to support women's psychological needs.Patient or Public ContributionThe findings were drawn from 10 women, narrating their inpatient experience for breast cancer surgery. All women had undergone a unilateral or bilateral mastectomy following breast cancer.
Histamine H1‐receptor‐mediated modulation of NMDA receptors signaling responses
Authors: Arrang J.‐M. , Armand V. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study attempted to clarify the role of histamine H1 receptors in epilepsy by exploring the effects of agonists and inverse agonists on the rundown of the current induced by iterative applications of NMDA or GABA in primary neuronal culture. Mepyramine, a classical H1‐receptor antagonist/inverse agonist, increased the NMDA current by about 40% during the first minutes of recording. This effect was concentration‐dependent, maximal at 10 nM, and mimicked by triprolidine, another antagonist/inverse agonist. No endogenous histamine was detected in the cultures by a selective immunoassay; both compounds were acting as inverse agonists. Indicating a high constitutive activity of the H1 receptor in this system, histamine did not affect the NMDA rundown, including its settlement, but significantly reversed the effect of mepyramine. A similar pattern was obtained with 2,3 bromophenyl histamine, a selective H1‐receptor agonist. The initial increase induced by the two inverse agonists was followed by the same rundown as in controls. H1‐ and NMDA receptors are colocalized in most cultured neuronal cells. Mepyramine and histamine did not affect the GABA rundown. Our findings suggest an interaction between H1‐ and NMDA receptors. Inactivation of the H1‐receptor by its inverse agonists delays the settlement of the NMDA rundown, which may underlie their proconvulsant effect reported in clinics. Therefore, H1‐receptor constitutive activity and the effect of histamine revealed in its absence, tend to facilitate the initiation of the rundown, which is consistent with the anticonvulsant properties of histamine via activation of H1‐receptors reported in many studies.
Optimized Fabrication of Dendritic Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Efficient Delivery System for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Godakhindi Varsha , Yazdimamaghani Mostafa , Dam Sudip Kumar , Ferdous Farzana , Wang Andrew Z. , Tarannum Mubin , Serody Jonathan , Vivero‐Escoto Juan L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn the past decade, cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the field of oncology. Major immunotherapy approaches such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, adoptive cell therapy, cytokines, and immunomodulators have shown great promise in preclinical and clinical settings. Among them, immunomodulatory agents including cancer vaccines are particularly appealing; however, they face limitations, notably the absence of efficient and precise targeted delivery of immune‐modulatory agents to specific immune cells and the potential for off‐target toxicity. Nanomaterials can play a pivotal role in addressing targeting and other challenges in cancer immunotherapy. Dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs) can enhance the efficacy of cancer vaccines by enhancing the effective loading of immune modulatory agents owing to their tunable pore sizes. In this work, an emulsion‐based method is optimized to customize the pore size of DMSNs and loaded DMSNs with ovalbumin (OVA) and cytosine‐phosphate‐guanine (CpG) oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG‐OVA‐DMSNs). The immunotherapeutic effect of DMSNs is achieved through controlled chemical release of OVA and CpG in antigen‐presenting cells (APCs). The results demonstrated that CpG‐OVA‐DMSNs efficiently activated the immune response in APCs and reduced tumor growth in the murine B16‐OVA tumor model.
Pt Single Atom‐Doped Triphasic VP‐Ni3P‐MoP Heterostructure: Unveiling a Breakthrough Electrocatalyst for Efficient Water Splitting
Authors: Bhandari Ganesh , Dhakal Purna Prasad , Tran Duy Thanh , Nguyen Thanh Hai , Dinh Van An , Kim Nam Hoon , Lee Joong Hee 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEnhancement of an alkaline water splitting reaction in Pt‐based single‐atom catalysts (SACs) relies on effective metal‐support interactions. A Pt single atom (PtSA)‐immobilized three‐phased PtSA@VP‐Ni3P‐MoP heterostructure on nickel foam is presented, demonstrating high catalytic performance. The existence of PtSA on triphasic metal phosphides gives an outstanding performance toward overall water splitting. The PtSA@VP‐Ni3P‐MoP performs a low overpotential of 28 and 261 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at a current density of 10 and 25 mA cm−2, respectively. The PtSA@VP‐Ni3P‐MoP (+,−) alkaline electrolyzer achieves a minimum cell voltage of 1.48 V at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 for overall water splitting. Additionally, the electrocatalyst exhibits a substantial Faradaic yield of ≈98.12% for H2 and 98.47% for O2 at a current density of 50 mA cm−2. Consequently, this study establishes a connection for understanding the active role of single metal atoms in substrate configuration for catalytic performance. It also facilitates the successful synthesis of SACs, with a substantial loading on transition metal phosphides and maximal atomic utilization, providing more active sites and, thereby enhancing electrocatalytic activity.