bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Особливості бактеріальної контамінації перитонеуму та кишки при різних стадіях гострої злукової тонкокишкової непрохідності та її корекції
Authors: Burak A. Ye. 
Published: January 2018

Мета дослідження: з’ясувати особливості бактеріальної контамінації перитонеуму та кишки при різних стадіях гострої злукової тонкокишкової непрохідності та її корекції.Матеріали і методи. Обстежено та прооперовано 152 хворі на гостру злукову тонкокишкову непрохідність. З них 58 (38,2 %) пацієнтів були в стадії компенсації та 94 (61,8 %) пацієнтів – у стадії декомпенсації. З метою вивчення рівня бактеріальної транслокації виконували бакпосів виділень із дренажів та назогастроінтестинального (НГІ) зонда в динаміці лікування у післяопераційному періоді.Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. У роботі вивчено кількісний і якісний склад мікрофлори тонкої кишки та перитонеального ексудату під впливом комплексного лікування із застосуванням лаважу кишечника 0,9 % розчином натрію хлориду в поєднанні з оксигенотерапією та ентеральним харчуванням розчином «Пептамен» у хворих на гостру злукову тонкокишкову непрохідність у стадії компенсації та декомпенсації. Виявлено меншу колонізацію кишечника та контамінацію черевної порожнини кишковою паличкою, умовно-патогенними мікроорганізмами, та більш швидке відновлення біоценозу тонкої кишки при застосуванні розробленого комплексу заходів дозволило знизити рівень післяопераційних ускладнень та летальності.
Лапароскопічна корекція двосторонніх пахвинних гриж у дітей
Authors: Baibakov V. M. 
Published: January 2018

Двостороння пахвинна грижа у дітей становить близько 30 % серед всієї патології необлітерованого пахвинного відростка очеревини і призводить до порушення всіх ланок дренажних систем яєчка у хлопчиків і порушення васкуляризації яєчника в дівчаток. Наслідком двостороннього патологічного процесу є порушення регіонарного кровотоку пахвинної ділянки з високим ризиком розвитку, в подальшому безпліддя.Операційне втручання при двосторонній пахвинній грижі у дітей, якщо воно виконується з двох сторін традиційним методом, включає повний перетин пахвинного відростка очеревини і призводить у хлопчиків до пошкодження тестикулярних судин, кремастерного м'яза, анастомозів між тестикулярними судинами і пахвинним відростком очеревини, що зумовлює високу ймовірність розвитку порушень кровообігу яєчка. У дівчаток під час двостороннього традиційного операційного втручання в пахвинній ділянці можлива травматизація круглої зв'язки матки, яєчника, маткової труби, судин пахвинної ділянки.
Máscaras de uma branquitude consagrada: expor é profanar?
Authors: Baumgärtel Stephan Arnulf , Rodrigues Jucca 
Published: January 2018

O artigo parte de uma análise do jogo retórico de máscaras de uma branquitude brasileira consagrada para revelar, na obra Branco de Alexandre Dal Farra, um problemático resíduo sagrado no gesto de profanação dessa branquitude. Discute a realização de um lugar de escuta do branco nas diversas camadas ficcionais e não ficcionais do texto, em relação à autoexigência da peça de que o branco não pode se esquivar de responder à acusação racista. Debatemos como essa preocupação da peça de fato desloca seu cerne temático do racismo para o problema de “falar por”. Detectamos e discutimos como força formadora da estrutura e do enunciado do texto uma atitude que expõe mais do que profana o núcleo sagrado da branquitude. Dessa maneira, apesar do gesto de autossacrifício das figuras brancas, o texto apresenta uma estrutura que não comunica para além do próprio branco, o que perante o contexto de sua estreia num festival dedicado ao protagonismo negro e pelo significativo lastro histórico do problema do racismo revela um contraditório resíduo que inverte o gesto político da obra.
Periodontal Disease, Regular Dental Care Use, and Incident Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Sen Souvik , Giamberardino Lauren D. , Moss Kevin , Morelli Thiago , Rosamond Wayne D. , Gottesman Rebecca F. , Beck James , Offenbacher Steven 
Published: January 2018

Background and Purpose—
Periodontal disease is independently associated with cardiovascular disease. Identification of periodontal disease as a risk factor for incident ischemic stroke raises the possibility that regular dental care utilization may reduce the stroke risk.

Methods—
In the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study, pattern of dental visits were classified as regular or episodic dental care users. In the ancillary dental ARIC study, selected subjects from ARIC underwent fullmouth periodontal measurements collected at 6 sites per tooth and classified into 7 periodontal profile classes (PPCs).

Results—

In the ARIC study 10 362 stroke-free participants, 584 participants had incident ischemic strokes over a 15-year period. In the dental ARIC study, 6736 dentate subjects were assessed for periodontal disease status using PPC with a total of 299 incident ischemic strokes over the 15-year period. The 7 levels of PPC showed a trend toward an increased stroke risk (χ
2
trend
P
<0.0001); the incidence rate for ischemic stroke/1000-person years was 1.29 for PPC-A (health), 2.82 for PPC-B, 4.80 for PPC-C, 3.81 for PPC-D, 3.50 for PPC-E, 4.78 for PPC-F, and 5.03 for PPC-G (severe periodontal disease). Periodontal disease was significantly associated with cardioembolic (hazard ratio, 2.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.2–5.6) and thrombotic (hazard ratio, 2.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.3–3.8) stroke subtypes. Regular dental care utilization was associated with lower adjusted stroke risk (hazard ratio, 0.77; 95% confidence interval, 0.63–0.94).

Conclusions—
We confirm an independent association between periodontal disease and incident stroke risk, particularly cardioembolic and thrombotic stroke subtype. Further, we report that regular dental care utilization may lower this risk for stroke.
Predictors of In-Hospital Death After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Stienen Martin Nikolaus , Germans Menno , Burkhardt Jan-Karl , Neidert Marian C. , Fung Christian , Bervini David , Zumofen Daniel , Roethlisberger Michel , Marbacher Serge , Maduri Rodolfo , Robert Thomas , Seule Martin A. , Bijlenga Philippe , Schaller Karl , Fandino Javier , Smoll Nicolas R. , Maldaner Nicolai , Finkenstädt Sina , Esposito Giuseppe , Schatlo Bawarjan , Keller Emanuela , Bozinov Oliver , Regli Luca , Serra Carlo , Krayenbühl Niklaus , Schöni Daniel , Raabe Andreas , Beck Jürgen , Goldberg Johannes , Mariani Luigi , Guzman Raphael , D’Alonzo Donato , Coluccia Daniel , Daniel Roy Thomas , Starnoni Daniele , Messerer Mahmoud , Levivier Marc , Valsecchi Daniele , Arrighi Marta , Venier Alice , Reinert Michael , Kuhlen Dominique Emmanuelle , Ferrari Andrea , Weyerbrock Astrid , Hildebrandt Gerhard , Hlavica Martin , Fournier Jean-Yves , Corniola Marco 
Published: January 2018

Background and Purpose—
To identify predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and to estimate their impact.

Methods—
Retrospective analysis of prospective data from a nationwide multicenter registry on all aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage cases admitted to a tertiary neurosurgical department in Switzerland (Swiss SOS [Swiss Study on Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage]; 2009–2015). Both clinical and radiological independent predictors of in-hospital mortality were identified, and their effect size was determined by calculating adjusted odds ratios (aORs) using multivariate logistic regression. Survival was displayed using Kaplan–Meier curves.

Results—

Data of n=1866 aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients in the Swiss SOS database were available. In-hospital mortality was 20% (n=373). In n=197 patients (10.6%), active treatment was discontinued after hospital admission (no aneurysm occlusion attempted), and this cohort was excluded from analysis of the main statistical model. In the remaining n=1669 patients, the rate of in-hospital mortality was 13.9% (n=232). Strong independent predictors of in-hospital mortality were rebleeding (aOR, 7.69; 95% confidence interval, 3.00–19.71;
P
<0.001), cerebral infarction attributable to delayed cerebral ischemia (aOR, 3.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.94–6.89;
P
<0.001), intraventricular hemorrhage (aOR, 2.65; 95% confidence interval, 1.38–5.09;
P
=0.003), and new infarction post-treatment (aOR, 2.57; 95% confidence interval, 1.43–4.62;
P
=0.002).

Conclusions—
Several—and among them modifiable—factors seem to be associated with in-hospital mortality after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Our data suggest that strategies aiming to reduce the risk of rebleeding are most promising in patients where active treatment is initially pursued.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT03245866.
Cow Protectionism and Bovine Frozen-Semen Farms in India
Authors: Narayanan Yamini 
Published: January 2018

AbstractGlobal warming and livestock farming are intertwined, and both call for radical policy changes that recognize animal rights. India has the world’s largest bovine head count, and is exceptionally vulnerable to climate change. It is uniquely placed in having cow protection legislations, though the focus is limited to the end of the bovine lifecycle by criminalizing slaughter and beef. However, breeding programs, the start of the industrial animal lifecycle, also need to be abolished for animal rights and environmental protection. Using the exploitation of bulls in bovine frozen-semen farms, this article critiques the practice in terms of cruelty; speciesism; and climatic change. It argues that with an expanded moral baseline on protection that is explicitly embedded in animal rights, India is well placed to respond with radical action by abolishing nonhuman animal husbandry as an outdated food production system that is inconsistent with planetary and ethical realities.
Meloidae of Namibia (Coleoptera): taxonomy and faunistics with biogeographic and ecological notes
Authors: BOLOGNA MARCO A. , AMORE VALENTINA , PITZALIS MONICA 
Published: January 2018

The blister beetle (Coleoptera: Meloidae) fauna of Namibia is studied. The species are arranged within a catalogue containing information on their general distribution, including a list of localities and brief taxonomic remarks. Zoogeographic and ecological analyses were carried out and a photographic appendix, with images and maps of almost all Namibian species, is included. According to a chorological analysis, the Namibian blister beetle fauna appears to be zoogeographically distinct because of the dominance of western southern African elements. The faunistic levels of similarity among distinct areas in Namibia are also analysed. Several of the endemic species are related to the xeric ecosystems referable to the Namib Desert, Succulent Karoo and Nama Karoo biomes, but the highest diversity is related to the ecosystems referable to the Savannah biome. A total of 148 species belonging to 28 genera, eight tribes and three subfamilies (Eleticinae, Meloinae, Nemognathinae) are recorded from this southern African country. Five new genera (Namibeletica gen. nov., Eleticinae Eleticini; Dilatilydus gen. nov. and Desertilydus gen. nov., Meloinae Lyttini; Paramimesthes gen. nov. and Namylabris gen. nov, Meloinae Mylabrini) and a total of 13 new species are described: 11 new species from Namibia (Psalydolytta gessi sp.nov., Paramimesthes namibicus sp.nov., Namylabris adamantifera sp.nov., Hycleus arlecchinus sp.nov., H. planitiei sp.nov., H. dvoraki sp.nov., H. aridus sp.nov., H. san sp.nov., Nemognatha fluviatilis sp.nov., “Zonitoschema” deserticola sp.nov., Zonitoschema dunalis sp.nov.); a new Namibeletica from the Angolan Namib (N. angolana) and a new Afrolytta Kaszab, 1959 from the S African Namaqualand (A. namaqua), both close to Namibian borders. Fourty-eight species and the genus Apalus Fabricius, 1775 are recorded for the first time from Namibia, and a few other species from South Africa (1), Zambia (1), Botswana (1) and Congo (1). The following new synonymies are proposed: Lytta pleuralis var. inpleuralis Pic, 1911 = Lydomorphus (Lydomorphus) thoracicus (Erichson, 1843), syn. nov.; Lytta benguellana Pic, 1911 = Prionotolytta melanura (Erichson, 1843), syn. nov.; Actenodia amoena ssp.anthicoides Kaszab, 1955b = Hycleus amoenus (Marseul, 1872), syn. nov.; Decapotoma csikii Kaszab, 1953 = Hycleus benguellanus (Marseul, 1879), syn. nov.; Nemognatha capensis Péringuey, 1909 = Nemognatha peringueyi Fairmaire, 1883, syn. nov. Several new combinations in the genus Hycleus Latreille, 1817 are also established.
Performance Evaluation of On-Orbit Calibration of SNPP VIIRS Reflective Solar Bands via Intersensor Comparison with Aqua MODIS
Authors: Chu Mike , Sun Junqiang , Wang Menghua 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAn intersensor comparison is carried out to evaluate the radiometric performance of the reflective solar bands (RSBs) of the first Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on board the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (SNPP) satellite. Two versions of sensor data records (SDRs) for moderate-resolution RSBs M1–M8 (410–1238 nm)—one version from the NOAA Ocean Color (OC) Team and the operational version from the Interface Data Processing Segment (IDPS)—are compared against the well-calibrated Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the Aqua satellite. This comparison fully exploits the moderate resolution of the sensors and a precise simultaneous nadir overpass (SNO) analysis in a “nadir only” approach to achieve a precision better than 1%. The key issues found to impact the SNO analysis are 1) an underlying bias beyond the 80-km spatial scale, 2) a scene-based sporadic variability of about 2% affecting the sample size selection criteria, and 3) large relative deviations at low radiances. It is shown that the OC SDRs achieve significantly better agreement with Aqua MODIS, such as smaller temporal variation, improved agreement in the early mission, and no observable long-term drift. The lone exception is the downward drift of about 1% in the Aqua MODIS band 8 (412 nm) versus SNPP VIIRS band M1 time series that possibly started in late 2013, which is ultimately attributed to errors in Aqua MODIS band 8. Finally, the long-term drift in the IDPS SDRs further illustrates the consequence of the worsening bias within the standard RSB calibration that will infect any versions of the VIIRS SDRs not mitigated for this error.
Effect of induction chemotherapy on the quality-of-life in patients with advanced stage tongue cancer by a prospective study
Authors: Huang Tao , Liu Hui , Zhang Pei , Zhao Yanxia 
Published: January 2018

Abstracts Objective To assess how induction chemotherapy affects the quality-of-life (QoL) in patients with advanced tongue cancer. Methods This prospective study included patients who were diagnosed with advanced tongue cancer. Each patient was asked to complete the University of Washington QoL (UW-QoL), version 4, questionnaire preoperatively and at 12 months after surgery. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether or not they received induction chemotherapy. Results Of the 192 patients included in the analysis, 145 patients had received induction chemotherapy. There were no significant differences regarding age, sex, tumour stage, node stage, flap reconstruction, tumour resection range and radiotherapy between the two groups. The mean total hospital cost was significantly higher in patients who underwent induction chemotherapy compared with those who did not (68 000 versus 44 000 Yuan Renminbi, respectively). The two groups had similar pre-treatment and post-treatment composite QoL scores and in the 12 individual domains. Conclusion Induction chemotherapy had a limited effect on postoperative QoL in patients with advanced tongue cancers, but it cost significantly more to administer.
Role of the hippocampal 5-HT1A receptor-mediated cAMP/PKA signalling pathway in sevoflurane-induced cognitivedysfunction in aged rats
Authors: Qiu Yi , Wang Ying , Wang Xiaodong , Wang Caixia , Xia Zhong-yuan 
Published: January 2018

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the role of the hippocampal 5-hydroxytryptamine-1A (5-HT1A)-mediated cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) signalling pathway in sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction in aged rats. Methods Sixty 18-month-old Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into the control (n = 30) and experimental (Sev, n = 30) groups. The experimental group inhaled 50% air/oxygen mixture (2 L/min) and 2% sevoflurane for 4 hours. The control group inhaled 50% air/oxygen mixture (2 L/min) for 4 hours. The Morris water maze test was performed The mRNA expression of 5-HT1A receptor, and cAMP PKA, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and phosphorylated CREB (p-CREB) protein expression were determined. Results The escape latency and swimming distance were greater, and the number of crossings of the platform location and time spent in the platform quadrant were less in the Sev group compared with the control group. cAMP, PKA, CREB, and p-CREB protein expression was downregulated in the Sev group 1 day after anaesthesia compared with the control group. Hippocampal 5-HT1A receptor mRNA expression was higher 7 days after anaesthesia compared with the control group. Conclusion Sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction in aged rats may be related to inhibited expression of the hippocampal 5-HT1A receptor-mediated cAMP/PKA signalling pathway.
Effect of creatine phosphate sodium on bispectral index and recovery quality during the general anaesthesia emergence period in elderly patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Wang Wei , Yu Wan-You , Lv Jie , Chen Lian-Hua , Li Zhong 
Published: January 2018

Objective To evaluate the effect of creatine phosphate sodium on bispectral index (BIS) and recovery quality during the general anaesthesia emergence period in elderly patients. Methods This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study enrolled patients undergoing transabdominal cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either creatine phosphate sodium (1.0 g/100 ml 0.9% saline; group P) or 100 ml 0.9% saline (group C) over 30 minutes during surgical incision. The BIS values were recorded at anaesthesia induction (T0), skin incision (T1), cutting the gallbladder (T2), suturing the peritoneum (T3), skin closure (T4), sputum suction (T5), extubation (T6) and 1 min (T7), 5 min (T8), 10 min (T9), and 15 min (T10) after extubation. The anaesthesia duration, operation time, waking time, extubation time, consciousness recovery time, time in the postanaesthesia care unit (PACU), and the Steward recovery scores at T7, T8, T9 and T10 were recorded. Results A total of 120 elderly patients were randomized equally to the two groups. Compared with group C, the BIS values were significantly higher in group P at T5, T6, T7 and T8; and the Steward recovery scores at T7 and T8 were significantly higher in group P. The waking time, extubation time, consciousness recovery time and time in the PACU were significantly shorter in group P compared with group C. Conclusion Creatine phosphate sodium administered during transabdominal cholecystectomy can improve BIS values and recovery following general anaesthesia in elderly patients.
Relationship between neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and epicardial fat tissue thickness in patients with newly diagnosed hypertension
Authors: Derya Mehmet Ali , Demir Vahit , Ede Huseyin 
Published: January 2018

Objective Epicardial fat tissue thickness (EFT) and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are associated with atherosclerosis. Few studies have focused on the relationship between these parameters in patients with newly diagnosed hypertension. In this study, we examined the relationship between EFT and the NLR in patients with newly diagnosed hypertension detected by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Methods Eighty consecutive patients without chronic illness who were diagnosed with hypertension according to ABPM results and 80 otherwise healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. EFT of each participant was measured echocardiographically. The C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration and NLR were measured from venous blood samples. Results The 24-hour average systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in the hypertension group than in the control group (143±17 vs. 117±7 mmHg, respectively). There were no significant differences in age, sex, or body mass index between the two groups. EFT, the NLR, and the CRP concentration were significantly higher in the hypertension group than control group. Additionally, a significantly positive correlation between EFT and the NLR was found in both the control group and hypertension group. Conclusion A higher EFT and NLR were detected in patients with newly diagnosed hypertension than in healthy subjects.
The effects of aerobic exercise for persons with migraine and co-existing tension-type headache and neck pain. A randomized, controlled, clinical trial
Authors: Krøll Lotte Skytte , Hammarlund Catharina Sjödahl , Linde Mattias , Gard Gunvor , Jensen Rigmor Højland 
Published: January 2018

Aim To evaluate aerobic exercise in migraine and co-existing tension-type headache and neck pain. Methods Consecutively recruited persons with migraine and co-existing tension-type headache and neck pain were randomized into an exercise group or control group. Aerobic exercise consisted of bike/cross-trainer/brisk walking for 45 minutes, three times/week. Controls continued usual daily activities. Pain frequency, intensity, and duration; physical fitness, level of physical activity, well-being and ability to engage in daily activities were assessed at baseline, after treatment and at follow-up. Results Fifty-two persons completed the study. Significant between-group improvements for the exercise group were found for physical fitness, level of physical activity, migraine burden and the ability to engage in physical activity because of reduced impact of tension-type headache and neck pain. Within the exercise group, significant reduction was found for migraine frequency, pain intensity and duration, neck pain intensity, and burden of migraine; an increase in physical fitness and well-being. Conclusions Exercise significantly reduced the burden of migraine and the ability to engage in physical activity because of reduced impact of tension-type headache and neck pain. Exercise also reduced migraine frequency, pain intensity and duration, although this was not significant compared to controls. These results emphasize the importance of regular aerobic exercise for reduction of migraine burden.
Ethnic youth and sexual identity: the role of clinical and social support for ‘double minorities’
Authors: Wong Nicole , Menkes David B 
Published: January 2018

Objectives: Sexual-minority youth exhibit increased rates of psychiatric morbidity, subject to various social factors. We examine the impact of ethnicity and culture on these phenomena, with particular reference to Asian youth living in Western societies. Conclusions: Youth from minority ethnic groups who do not identify with their native gender and/or who are not exclusively heterosexual are known as ‘double minorities’. Available evidence suggests that such individuals are at particularly increased risk of depression and suicide, but that this may be mitigated by social support. More research is needed to understand the challenges faced by ‘double minorities’, notably their perception of and ability to access available clinical and social supports.