bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ensayo de reconstrucción virtual de un túmulo funerario: El túmulo del Mortórum (Cabanes, Castellón)
Authors: Luján Valderrama Jose , Aguilella Arzo Gustau 
Published: January 2016

<p>We presents a virtual reconstruction of the megalithic tomb found near of Tossal del Mortórum (Cabanes, Castellón) dated on the second millennium BC. The structure discovered in 2005 was plundered at an undetermined moment, and their conservation status is very precarious. Given the undoubted interest of the tomb, located in an area of the peninsula with little evidence of megalithism, we decided to make a essay of its virtual reconstruction. The basic software used in the modeling and rendering is Blender 2.56, so this paper can also show the capabilities of open source software for these projects.</p>
Reconstrucción de fragmentos arqueológicos mediante correspondencia de patrones
Authors: Vendrell Vidal Eduardo , Sánchez Belenguer Carlos 
Published: January 2016

<p>This paper introduces a method for automatic archaeological fragment reconstruction, based on the pattern matching techniques originally developed in graphic computing and image analysis fields. The method is embodied in a software tool that provides the bests matches in a set of bi-dimensional archaeological fragments.<br />To ensure the efficiency of the results, it has been developed a theoretical study that allows solving the stated problem, ensuring the correction of results, and with a very competitive execution times.</p>
Comunicación visual mediante técnicas GIS en el litoral del Campo de Dalías: la defensa costera de los pueblos del interior.
Authors: Villanueva Ojeda Enrique , García Lorca Andrés Miguel 
Published: January 2016

<p>Monitoring of the coast for the protection of the in-land populations has been one of the main problems in the province of Almería during a significant part of Modern Age. Due to this was planned and developed an entire infrastructure defensive and observational in view of the arrival of pirates and corsairs to the coast of Almería. With the present work it is tried firstly to give importance to these structures from a landscape point of view, tourism and culture through GIS techniques to create view sheds. On the other, from overlapping each different view shed, their presence or absence, can give useful conclusions for the archaeology science, as a part of a research project on the visual connection between the coastal defenses and in-land populations.</p>
Non-Intravenous Sedatives and Analgesics for Procedural Sedation for Imaging Procedures in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Thomas Amber , Miller Jamie L. , Couloures Kevin , Johnson Peter N. 
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to describe the method of delivery, dosage regimens, and outcomes of sedatives administered by extravascular route for imaging procedures in children.
METHODS: Medline, Embase, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched using keywords “child”, “midazolam”, “ketamine”, dexmedetomidine”, “fentanyl”, “nitrous oxide”, and “imaging.” Articles evaluating the use of extravascular sedation in children for imaging procedures published in English between 1946 and March 2015 were included. Two authors independently screened each article for inclusion. Reports were excluded if they did not contain sufficient details on dosage regimens and outcomes.
RESULTS: Twenty reports representing 1,412 patients ranging in age from 0.33 to 19 years of age were included for analysis. Due to discrepancies in doses and types of analyses, statistical analyses were not performed. Oral midazolam was the most common agent evaluated; other agents included intranasal (IN) ketamine, IN midazolam, IN fentanyl, IN and transmucosal dexmedetomidine, and N2O. Most agents were considered efficacious compared with placebo.
CONCLUSIONS: Most agents showed efficacy for sedation during imaging when delivered through an extra-vascular route. Selection of agents should be based on onset time, duration, patient acceptability, recovery time, and adverse events. More robust studies are necessary to determine the optimal agent and route to utilize for imaging procedures when sedation is needed.
Characterization of Dronabinol Usage in a Pediatric Oncology Population
Authors: Elder Joshua J. , Knoderer Holly M. 
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVES: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remains an important side effect associated with administration of chemotherapy in pediatrics. The aim of this study was to retrospectively review dronabinol use in a pediatric cancer center, with the intent of characterizing its use and identifying trends such as age, sex, diagnosis, and chemotherapy that describe where dronabinol is best used as an adjuvant antiemetic.
METHODS: Patients receiving dronabinol at Riley Hospital for Children between 2000 and 2010 were identified. Patients eligible for inclusion were those with malignancy ≤18 years old, who received at least 1 dose of dronabinol for CINV during admission.
RESULTS: Ninety-five percent of patients received moderate or highly emetogenic chemotherapy. When dronabinol doses were analyzed, 95% of patients received doses that were lower than reference guidelines, 55% received dronabinol as a scheduled medication, and 19% received dronabinol 1 to 3 hours before chemotherapy. Overall, 60% of patients had a defined positive response to dronabinol. Sixty-five percent of patients received repeat courses of dronabinol, and 62% received outpatient prescriptions for dronabinol.
CONCLUSIONS: Dronabinol appears to be a viable option as an adjuvant antiemetic in pediatric CINV, but a prospective trial using patients as their own controls is necessary to truly define dronabinol's place in therapy.
Propranolol and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Combine to Treat Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Kota Daniel J. , Prabhakara Karthik S. , van Brummen Alexandra J. , Bedi Supinder , Xue Hasen , DiCarlo Bryan , Cox Charles S. , Olson Scott D. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract

More than 6.5 million patients are burdened by the physical, cognitive, and psychosocial deficits associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the U.S. Despite extensive efforts to develop neuroprotective therapies for this devastating disorder, there have been no successful outcomes in human clinical trials to date. Retrospective studies have shown that β-adrenergic receptor blockers, specifically propranolol, significantly decrease mortality of TBI through mechanisms not yet fully elucidated but are thought to counterbalance a hyperadrenergic state resulting from a TBI. Conversely, cellular therapies have been shown to improve long-term behavior following TBI, likely by reducing inflammation. Given the nonredundancy in their therapeutic mechanisms, we hypothesized that a combination of acute propranolol followed by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from human bone marrow would have additive effects in treating a rodent model of TBI. We have found that the treatments are well-tolerated individually and in combination with no adverse events. MSCs decrease BBB permeability at 96 hours after injury, inhibit a significant accumulation of activated microglia/macrophage in the thalamic region of the brain both short and long term, and enhance neurogenesis short term. Propranolol decreases edema and reduces the number of fully activated microglia at 7 days and the number of semiactivated microglia at 120 days. Combinatory treatment improved cognitive and memory functions 120 days following TBI. Therefore, the results here suggest a new, efficacious sequential treatment for TBI may be achieved using the β-blocker propranolol followed by MSC treatment.

Significance
Despite continuous efforts, traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains the leading cause of death and disability worldwide in patients under the age of 44. In this study, an animal model of moderate-severe TBI was treated with an acute dose of propranolol followed by a delayed dose of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), resulting in improved short- and long-term measurements. These results have direct translational application. They reinforce the inevitable clinical trial of MSCs to treat TBI by demonstrating, among other benefits, a notable decrease in chronic neuroinflammation. More importantly, these results demonstrate that MSCs and propranolol, which is increasingly being used clinically for TBI, are compatible treatments that improve overall outcome.
Changes in the characteristics of nonvolatile memory depending on Au nanoparticle size for p- and n-type channels
Authors: Hattori Shigeki , Terai Masaya , Nishizawa Hideyuki 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Nonvolatile memory capacitors were fabricated using immobilized Au nanoparticles (NPs) on p- and n-type doped Si substrates with Au NPs of diameter 3 and 2 nm immobilized by self-assembled monolayers on the Si surface, and the charge density and data retention of the programmed nonvolatile memories were found to change dramatically depending on both nanoparticle size and channel type (p-/n-). In the case of capacitors fabricated on p-Si substrates, large charge density was observed in devices using 3 nm Au NPs under low electric fields, and devices using 2 nm Au NPs were found to exhibit larger charge densities compared with devices using 3 nm Au NPs under high electric fields. Additionally, data retention was better for p-Si devices using 2 nm Au NPs compared with 3 nm Au NPs. However, data retention was worse for n-Si devices than for p-Si devices.
Dependence of Purcell effect on fluorescence wavelength in dye molecules on metal–dielectric multilayer hyperbolic metamaterials
Authors: Tsurumachi Noriaki , Izawa Hayato , Tomioka Ryo , Sakata Tomohiro , Suzuki Makoto , Tanaka Yasuhiro , Shimokawa Fusao , Nakanishi Shunsuke 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Recently, the enhancement of spontaneous emission, i.e., broadband Purcell effect, has been achieved using hyperbolic metamaterials. Hyperbolic metamaterials, which can be realized using a metal–dielectric multilayer structure, have an extremely large optical anisotropy of permittivity in both the parallel and perpendicular directions to the propagation of light, especially when the signs of permittivities in both directions differ. In this study, we investigated the conditions for realizing the broadband Purcell effect using dye molecules with different fluorescence wavelengths. Our fabricated metal–dielectric multilayer structure exhibited hyperbolic dispersion at wavelengths beyond 500 nm. In the case of coumarin 500 whose fluorescence peak is located at 500 nm, no broadband Purcell effect was observed. However, in the case of pyridine 1 whose fluorescence peak is located at 650 nm, we observed the successfull fluorescence lifetime shortening, i.e., the broadband Purcell effect.
Quasi-single crystal SiGe on insulator by Au-induced crystallization for flexible electronics
Authors: Sadoh Taizoh , Park Jong-Hyeok , Aoki Rikuta , Miyao Masanobu 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Orientation-controlled large-grain (≥10 µm) crystal, i.e., quasi-single crystal, Ge-rich (≥50%) SiGe on insulator grown at low temperatures (≤300 °C) are desired for realization of high-performance flexible electronics. To achieve this, the Au-induced crystallization technique using a-SiGe/Au stacked structures has been developed. This enables formation of (111)-oriented large-grain (≥10 µm) Si1−

x
Ge
x
(x ≥ 0.5) crystals on insulating substrates at low temperatures (300 °C). The surface layers of the grown SiGe crystals have uniform lateral composition profiles. By using this technique, formation of quasi-single crystal Ge on flexible plastic sheets is demonstrated. This technique will be useful to realize high-performance flexible electronics.
Sahel decadal rainfall variability and the role of model horizontal resolution
Authors: Vellinga Michael , Roberts Malcolm , Vidale Pier Luigi , Mizielinski Matthew S. , Demory Marie‐Estelle , Schiemann Reinhard , Strachan Jane , Bain Caroline 
Published: January 2016

AbstractSubstantial low‐frequency rainfall fluctuations occurred in the Sahel throughout the twentieth century, causing devastating drought. Modeling these low‐frequency rainfall fluctuations has remained problematic for climate models for many years. Here we show using a combination of state‐of‐the‐art rainfall observations and high‐resolution global climate models that changes in organized heavy rainfall events carry most of the rainfall variability in the Sahel at multiannual to decadal time scales. Ability to produce intense, organized convection allows climate models to correctly simulate the magnitude of late‐twentieth century rainfall change, underlining the importance of model resolution. Increasing model resolution allows a better coupling between large‐scale circulation changes and regional rainfall processes over the Sahel. These results provide a strong basis for developing more reliable and skilful long‐term predictions of rainfall (seasons to years) which could benefit many sectors in the region by allowing early adaptation to impending extremes.
Coming of age in Roman Britain: Osteological evidence for pubertal timing
Authors: Arthur Nichola A. , Gowland Rebecca L. , Redfern Rebecca C. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTObjectivesPuberty is a key transitional phase of the human life course, with important biological and social connotations. Novel methods for the identification of the pubertal growth spurt and menarche in skeletal remains have recently been proposed (Shapland and Lewis, 2013, 2014). In this study we applied the methods to two Romano‐British cemetery samples (1st‐early 5th centuries AD) in order to investigate the timing of puberty during this period and further assess the veracity of the methods.Materials and MethodsShapland and Lewis' methods (2013, 2014) were applied to 38 adolescents (aged 8–20 years) from the British cemetery sites of Roman London (1st‐early 5th centuries AD) and Queenford Farm, Oxfordshire (4th‐early 5th centuries AD).ResultsOverall, the Romano‐British males and females experienced the onset of puberty at similar ages to modern European adolescents, but subsequently experienced a longer period of pubertal development. Menarche occurred between the ages of 15 and 17 years for these Romano‐British females, around 2 to 4 years later than for present‐day European females.DiscussionThe observed Romano‐British pattern of pubertal timing has various possible explanations, including exposure to environmental stressors in early urban environments. The pattern of pubertal timing is largely congruent with social age transitions alluded to in ancient texts and funerary evidence for this period. While there are limitations to the application of these techniques to archaeological samples, they were successfully applied in this study, and may have important implications for understandings of past life courses, as well as providing a long‐term perspective on pubertal timing and biocultural interactions. Am J Phys Anthropol 159:698–713, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Climate and land cover effects on the temperature of Puget Sound streams
Authors: Cao Qian , Sun Ning , Yearsley John , Nijssen Bart , Lettenmaier Dennis P. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWe apply an integrated hydrology‐stream temperature modeling system, DHSVM‐RBM, to examine the response of the temperature of the major streams draining to Puget Sound to land cover and climate change. We first show that the model construct is able to reconstruct observed historic streamflow and stream temperature variations at a range of time scales. We then explore the relative effect of projected future climate and land cover change, including riparian vegetation, on streamflow and stream temperature. Streamflow in summer is likely to decrease as the climate warms especially in snowmelt‐dominated and transient river basins despite increased streamflow in their lower reaches associated with urbanization. Changes in streamflow also result from changes in land cover, and changes in stream shading result from changes in riparian vegetation, both of which influence stream temperature. However, we find that the effect of riparian vegetation changes on stream temperature is much greater than land cover change over the entire basin especially during summer low flow periods. Furthermore, while future projected precipitation change will have relatively modest effects on stream temperature, projected future air temperature increases will result in substantial increases in stream temperature especially in summer. These summer stream temperature increases will be associated both with increasing air temperature, and projected decreases in low flows. We find that restoration of riparian vegetation could mitigate much of the projected summer stream temperature increases. We also explore the contribution of riverine thermal loadings to the heat balance of Puget Sound, and find that the riverine contribution is greatest in winter, when streams account for up to 1/8 of total thermal inputs (averaged from December through February), with larger effects in some sub‐basins. We project that the riverine impact on thermal inputs to Puget Sound will become greater with both urbanization and climate change in winter but become smaller in summer due to climate change. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differences in the vascular tree of the femoral trochlear growth cartilage at osteochondrosis‐susceptible sites in foals revealed by SWI 3T MRI
Authors: Martel Gabrielle , Kiss Sabrina , Gilbert Guillaume , Anne‐Archard Nicolas , Richard Hélène , Moser Thomas , Laverty Sheila 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTFocal ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage (EGC) during endochondral ossification is believed to be a key early event on the pathway to osteochondrosis (OC) in both animals and humans. The lateral ridge of the equine trochlea is a site where severe osteochondritis dissecans lesions frequently arise and is a model for the study of naturally occurring disease. Non‐invasive imaging to investigate EGC vascularity may help elucidate why focal ischemia occurs. 3T MRI susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI) of femoral trochlea of OC predisposed (n = 10) and control (n = 6) day‐old foals, with minimal joint loading after birth, was performed. SWI and 3D images revealed the EGC vascular architecture without a contrast agent, and matched histologic observations. No vascular lesions were identified. There was no difference in the vascular density and architecture between control and OC specimens, but a striking difference in vascular pattern was seen at the OC‐predilected site in the lateral ridge of the trochlea in all specimens, when compared to the medial ridge of the trochlea, where OC lesions are rarely observed. This site was less ossified with more perichondrial vessels not yet bridging with the subchondral bone. Furthermore, the mean vascular density of all specimens was significantly higher at this site. We speculate that joint morphology and focal internal trauma on this site with a unique vascular architecture may trigger ischemic events at this site. SWI permitted visualization of EGC in young foals with a clinical 3T MRI and paves the way for non‐destructive longitudinal studies to improve understanding of OC in all species. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1539–1546, 2016.
Patient‐Reported Defecation and Micturition Problems Among Adults Treated for Sacrococcygeal Teratoma During Childhood—The Need for New Surveillance Strategies
Authors: Kremer Marijke E.B. , Derikx Joep P.M. , van Baren Robertine , Heij Hugo A. , Wijnen Marc H.W.A. , Wijnen René M.H. , van der Zee David C. , van Heurn Ernest L.W.E. 
Published: January 2016

BackgroundTo evaluate defecation and micturition complaints in adults treated for sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) during childhood and to identify risk factors for soiling, urinary incontinence, and constipation beyond childhood.ProcedureRecords of patients aged ≥18 treated for SCT during infancy in the Netherlands were retrospectively reviewed. Frequency and severity of soiling, constipation, and urinary incontinence were evaluated using questionnaires designed in line with the Krickenbeck classification. Problems during childhood were compared to outcomes at adult age in part of the cohort. Associations between patient‐ and disease‐related factors with complaints beyond childhood were analyzed with the chi‐square test or Fisher's exact test, when appropriate.ResultsOf 47 included patients (mean age 26.2 years, SD ±6.5), 49% reported at least one defecation or micturition complaint. Urinary incontinence was present in 30% and had a greater negative impact than soiling (24%). Ten patients (21%) reported constipation; five found this severely bothering. Three patients reported social restrictions due to defecation or micturition complaints (6.4%). While sex and tumor histology were not identified as risk factors, a tumor diameter of >10 cm and Altman type I or type II SCT were associated with constipation during adulthood.ConclusionsOne‐third of the patients treated for SCT during childhood reported urinary and defecation problems beyond childhood. In only a minority of cases, these led to social restrictions. A greater tumor diameter was associated with a higher risk of constipation during adulthood. Prolonged surveillance strategies are advised for all patients with SCT.
Time and Intensity Weighted Indices of Fluvial Processes: a Case Study from the Kootenai River, USA
Authors: Egger G. , Politti E. , Lautsch E. , Benjankar R. M. , Rood S. B. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWithin riparian landscapes, river flows and stages determine habitat gradients from less to more dynamic, and these support different plant species and their life history stages that are adapted to specific positions along these gradients. The gradients are characterized by physical processes that vary in magnitude and duration, and these shape the riparian vegetation communities. Consequently, natural riparian ecosystems are very dynamic, and the river disturbance regime is essential for sustaining ecosystem health. However, although the importance of disturbance is well accepted, disturbance regimes are poorly understood. This study was undertaken to develop indices capable of characterizing riparian habitats by considering flood magnitude and the elapsed time after flood disturbance, that is, the history that influenced the present vegetation composition. The indices were tested along two reaches of the Kootenai River in Idaho, USA, with braided versus meandering channel forms. The case study spanned a 31‐year period and emphasized two major disturbance components, the morphodynamic influence of velocity and shear stress and the flood or inundation duration. Computed indices were tested for consistency and then used to characterize different riparian vegetation development and succession phases. The statistical analysis revealed high correspondence among the calculated indices and differences across the different successional stages and between the two reaches. This demonstrated the utility of the time and intensity weighted indices to analyse the fluvial patterns that support different riparian vegetation communities, and this could be applicable for riparian management, mitigation, conservation and restoration. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.