bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LLIMONIIE: Large Language Instructed Model for Open Named Italian Information Extraction
Authors: Piano Leonardo , Pisu Alessia , Tiddia Sandro Gabriele , Carta Salvatore , Giuliani Alessandro , Pompianu Livio 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The exponential growth of unstructured documents generated daily underscores the urgent need to develop technologies to structure information effectively. Traditional Information Extraction (IE) models permit transforming textual data to structured formats (e.g., semantic triplets), enabling efficient searches and uncovering hidden data insights. However, they require predefined ontologies and, often, extensive human efforts. On the other hand, Open IE tools extract information without any input knowledge, but they are limited in capturing entire and in-depth contexts. Furthermore, the state of the art presents a substantial discrepancy between the efforts carried out in English-centric methods and other low-resource languages. Our study addresses the aforementioned key challenges: the need for a high-performative human effort agnostic model and overcoming the lack of Italian IE resources. To this end, we introduce Open Named Information Extraction (ONIE), a novel approach to generalize IE across diverse domains without requiring input ontologies and capturing complex relationships. In this work, we propose LLIMONIIE, a novel end-to-end framework that leverages the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform ONIE from entire documents, able to uniformly extract Named Entities and Open Relations. Furthermore, we devised an innovative dataset generation methodology to support our research on Italian IE. The code and dataset are publicly available, contributing to the scientific community and development of low-resource languages. Experiments demonstrate the potential of LLIMONIIE, achieving competitive results compared to the actual Italian information extraction state of the art.
Sternalis Featuring Tendomuscular Fusion to the Contralateral Sternocleidomastoid: A Cadaveric Case Report
Authors: Kozlowski Benjamin , Lisk Kristina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose To report the morphologic and spatial relationships of a bilateral sternalis muscle variant.Methods Routine cadaveric dissection in an undergraduate anatomy laboratory revealed two sternalis muscles parasternal to the sternal body. Subsequent fine prosection of the anterior thoracic wall and neck was carried out to uncover the soft tissue attachments of both sternalis muscles. Positional relationship to neighboring anterior thoracic and neck structures, and geometric dimensions of the muscle bellies and tendons, were documented.Results Both sternalis muscles were imbedded in the pectoral fascia, with their muscle fibers running obliquely to the midsternal line. The right sternalis muscle was notably larger in length, width, and thickness compared to the sternalis muscle on the left. The right sternalis muscle featured a distinct superior cord-like intermediate tendon that traversed superolateral and fused directly with the contralateral sternomastoid and sterno-occipital portions of the left sternocleidomastoid muscle. The superior tendon of the left sternalis muscle was aponeurotic and affixed to the cord-tendon of the right sternalis muscle. A distinct tendinous entheses for the sternal head for both sternocleidomastoid muscles were noted at the manubrial body.Conclusions This case report describes a unique bilateral sternalis muscle variant with conjoined sternocleidomastoid muscle integration. This anatomical description of a sternalis-sternocleidomastoid muscle morphology may supplement radiographic interpretations and support diagnostic accuracy.
Identification of key genes and immune characteristics of SASP in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Cai Hanlu , Zhang Huixue , Xin Guanghao , Peng Shanshan , Xu Fanfan , Zhang Nan , Li Yichen , Zhang Wei , Li Ying , Ren Yingjie , Wang Yu , Kong Xiaotong , Wang Lihua , Liu Zhaojun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) is a key mechanism through which senescent cardiovascular cells contribute to plaque formation, instability, and vascular remodeling. However, the correlation between SASP and acute ischemic stroke (AIS), particularly its immune inflammation characteristics, remains underexplored and requires further elucidation.
Methods We downloaded the AIS database from the GEO database and obtained SASP genes from the SASP Atlas and related literature. Using two machine learning algorithms, we identified five hub genes. Unsupervised cluster analysis was performed on patients with AIS and DEGs separately to identify distinct gene clusters, which were then analyzed for immune characteristics. We then explored the related biological functions and immune properties of the hub genes by using various algorithms (GSEA, GSVA and CIBERSORT). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to generate SASP-related gene scores based on the expression of hub genes. A logistic regression algorithm was employed to establish an AIS classification diagnosis model based on the hub genes. Peripheral venous blood was collected for validation using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and hub protein expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry.
Results We identified five hub genes using two machine learning algorithms and validated them with RT-qPCR. Gene cluster analysis revealed two distinct clusters, SASP-related gene cluster B and differentially expressed gene cluster B, indicating that the acute AIS samples had more severe immune inflammatory response and a higher risk of disease deterioration. We constructed a gene-drug regulatory network for PIN1and established an AIS diagnostic model and nomogram using a logistic regression algorithm. Immunohistochemical analysis of thrombi from patients with AIS revealed the expression of PICALM and PIN1.
Conclusions This study explored the gene expression, molecular patterns, and immunological characteristics of SASP in patients with AIS using bioinformatics methods. It provides a theoretical basis and research direction for identifying new diagnostic markers for AIS, understanding the molecular mechanism of thrombosis, and improving the classification, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of AIS.
Determining the functional relationship between epigenetic and physical chromatin domains in Drosophila
Authors: Denaud Sandrine , Sabarís Gonzalo , Stefano Marco , Papadopoulos Giorgio-Lucio , Schuettengruber Bernd , Cavalli Giacomo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Eukaryotic genomes are hierarchically organized into topologically associating domains (TADs) that regulate genome function. In Drosophila, TADs strongly correlate with epigenetic domains marked by either active or repressive chromatin marks. This tight correlation may suggest causality between the deposition of the epigenomic marks and formation of TADs. However, it is still unknown whether the epigenome is a major driving force for TAD formation and structure and what is their functional importance. Here we directly address these questions by perturbing the position of Polycomb response elements (PREs), which act as nucleation sites for Polycomb group proteins (PcG) to deposit H3K27me3 and form epigenetic domains in the dac TAD. First, we remove the two PREs in the dac domain wiping out the H3K27me3 mark from the TAD and study the consequences on the physical property of the domain. Second, by shifting the position of one of the PREs, we create an ectopic PcG epigenetic domain and analyze how this affects TAD formation. Together, these two experimental perturbations indicate that, although TADs correlate very well with chromatin states in Drosophila, the epigenomic signature of Polycomb TADs does not play a causal role in the establishment of TADs. On the other hand, physical domains have an important impact on the formation of epigenetic domains, as they can restrict spreading of the repressive histone marks and of PRE loops.
Fabrication of 2D rod like structure MoO 3 anchored on 2D nitrogen rich sheet g-C 3 N 5 for improvised in visible light absorption for boosting photocatalytic degradation of Doxycycline
Authors: Ganesh Nithya Shree , Moses Filip Jones Benjamin , Mahendran Devi Satiya Kanagavel , Ramar Sivagurusundar , Rajagounder Nagarajan Erumaipatty 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

A novel MoO3@g-C3N5 was prepared by using hydrothermal method followed by ultrasonication ecological remediation. The materials were confirmed by using several analytical techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), UV–vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy (UV–vis DRS) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The photocatalytic performance of the MoO3@g-C3N5 samples was evaluated by measuring the degradation of Doxycycline (DOX) under visible light irradiation. The experimental studies confirm that the nanocomposite MoO3@g-C3N5 (10 wt.%) exhibits enhanced photocatalytic activity by the optimized percentage of g-C3N5 which increases the light harvesting ability as well as fast electron transfer and efficient charge separation. Therefore 94.4% breakdown efficiency of Doxycycline (DOX) was achieved with 70 min. Meanwhile, the scavenger experiment shows that •OH radical plays a predominate role in the degradation process. Even after five consequent cycles the catalyst exhibit excellent photocatalytic degradation. MoO3@g-C3N5nanocomposite exhibited good results, indicating that it might be an efficient photocatalytic material for environmental application.
Synthesis and application of carboxymethylated tamarind kernel gum (Fe loaded) based superabsorbent hydrogels to investigate the effect on marigolds plant growth
Authors: Sharma Anju , Sand Arpit 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The iron implemented as SAH was modified by intermixing with Iron microelement in Itaconic acid and carboxymethylated tamarind kernel gum. Different types of samples were prepared for different compositions of SAH by changing the concentration of monomer, initiator and cross linker. Iron chloride was interpenetrated in the best swelled hydrogels for the release of iron as micronutrient. The characterization of synthesized hydrogel and modified FSAH was done by FTIR and SEM analysis. Different behaviors of synthesized hydrogels in terms of weather conditions and pH (3, 8, 10) of soil were studied. The swelling degree was studied by kinetic modeling of iron release and was studied using Higuchi model and Korsmeyer-Peppas model which represent that high number of regression coefficients (R2) more equal to one fitted well in the iron release pattern in water and soil. On the other hand, diffusion quotient (n) showed the Fickian diffusion model found for the procedure of iron release. The FSAH was used for the study of marigold plants. It was also found that the germinated population with FSAH is much higher as compared to without modified SAH.
Abstraction-based segmental simulation of reaction networks using adaptive memoization
Authors: Helfrich Martin , Andriushchenko Roman , Češka Milan , Křetinský Jan , Martiček Štefan , Šafránek David 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Stochastic models are commonly employed in the system and synthetic biology to study the effectsof stochastic fluctuations emanating from reactions involving species with lowcopy-numbers. Many important models feature complex dynamics, involving a state-space explosion, stiffness, and multimodality, that complicate the quantitative analysis needed to understand their stochastic behavior. Direct numerical analysis of such models is typically not feasible and generating many simulation runs that adequately approximate the model’s dynamics may take a prohibitively long time.
Results: We propose a new memoization technique that leverages a population\nobreakdash-based abstraction and combines previously generated parts of simulations, called \textit{segments}, to generate new simulations more efficiently while preserving the original system's dynamics and its diversity. Our algorithm adapts online to identify the most important abstract states and thus utilizes the available memory efficiently.
Conclusion: We demonstrate that in combination with a novel fully automatic and adaptive hybrid simulation scheme, we can speed up the generation of trajectories significantly and correctly predict the transient behavior of complex stochastic systems.
Characterization of Azo-dyes Degrading Microbes Isolated from Textile wastewater and Optimization of various Environmental Parameters
Authors: Khan Arshiya , Nayarisseri Anuraj , Singh Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Azo dyes are highly recalcitrant, persistent, and toxic compounds, extensively used in the textile industry. The untreated discharge of dye effluents from the textile industry poses severe environmental and health risks. The objective of this research was to identify and characterize bacterial strains that effectively decolorize and degrade azo dyes widely used in textile industries (Mono azo dye Methyl red; diazo dye Direct yellow12, and triazo dye Acid Black 210) from textile waters. After subsequent screening of 89 isolates, the current research was able to identified 4 isolates as novel strains utilizing the 16S rRNA gene sequencing technique. The novel strains belonged to the Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Shewanella, and Priestia species. The unique sequences of these bacterial strains have been submitted to the GenBank database under the accession numbers “OQ202071”, “PP708911”, “PP708909” and “PP086977” respectively. A thorough assessment of physiochemical parameters was conducted to optimize for maximum decolorisation for all four strains. Further, to proceed enzyme study and statistical optimization of Priestia Flexa species was conducted. A Central composite design (CCD) and Response surface methodology (RSM) have been applied for synergistic effects of process parameters, namely pH, initial dye concentration, and temperature on the decolorisation of the model dyes. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was further employed to analyze and confirm the degradation of the three dyes.
Impact of Sustainability Practices and Green Leadership on Organizational Performance and Corporate Image: Evidence from Saudi Enterprises
Authors: Karawya Hassan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The main objective of the study was to identify the impact of sustainability practices and green leadership on organizational performance and corporate image in Saudi enterprises. The researcher relied on the descriptive analytical method as a research methodology. The sample consisted of (364) individuals from Saudi companies who were selected using a systematic random technique. The researcher formulated a questionnaire as the main tool for collecting data from the study sample. The findings of the study revealed that there were statistically significant positive effects of sustainability practices and green leadership dimensions on organizational performance and corporate image in Saudi enterprises. The researcher recommended establishing internal policies that encourage sustainable practices and motivate the adoption of responsible environmental, economic, and social behaviours.
Automated Evaluation of Expert-Like Discussion Patterns in Large Language Models for Intertextual Analysis
Authors: Pavlov Samaj , Devereaux Rafael 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Automated systems capable of generating human-like text have become increasingly relevant in fields requiring complex intellectual synthesis. Intertextual analysis, which involves identifying and integrating references from prior works into new content, presents a unique challenge for automated systems due to the complexity and depth of the reasoning required. The concept of employing models to simulate expert-level intertextuality represents a novel approach, offering significant advantages in terms of efficiency and accuracy, especially in academic and literary contexts. This study evaluated the performance of Mistral Large, an advanced language model, in generating expert-like intertextual responses across diverse prompt types. The model demonstrated strong capabilities in maintaining thematic consistency, structural coherence, and citation accuracy, particularly when tasked with complex intellectual prompts. Results revealed that while the model successfully replicated expert discussion patterns and intertextual references, it was limited in generating novel interpretations or critical insights beyond the scope of its pre-trained corpus. Overall, the findings highlight both the potential and limitations of automated intertextual analysis, providing valuable insights into the future integration of such systems in academic writing and intellectual content generation.
Prevalence and Anatomical Significance of the Persistent Median Artery: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Ellis Connor , Thibault Drew , Lencke Josh , Hemric Laurieanne D. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The median artery is the initial, yet transient, vascular supply to the palm originating from the brachial artery during development. This artery generally regresses as radial and ulnar arterial supply become prominent; however, this regression does not always occur. This study seeks to illuminate the prevalence of the persistent median artery in the adult population, as well as describe the vascular consequences secondary to the presence of this artery.
Methods
Antebrachial and palmar dissections were performed on 56 adult cadavers (112 upper extremities). Prevalence of palmar and antebrachial-type persistent median artery were recorded separately. Arterial diameters of radial and ulnar arteries were measured and statistically examined with and without the co-presence of a persistent median artery.
Results
A persistent median artery was present in 43% of the upper limbs included in this study. 28% of the population were of the antebrachial-type, while 15% were of the palmar-type. The overall mean arterial diameters of the radial artery were 3.13 mm (± 0.57 mm; n = 52) without any persistent median artery present, compared to 3.09 mm (± 0.56 mm; n = 34) with persistent median artery co-presence. The mean diameters for the ulnar artery were 2.75 mm (± 0.53 mm; n = 53) without co-presence of persistent median artery and 2.86 mm (± 0.65 mm; n = 36) with co-presence.
Conclusion
This and other studies have demonstrated the prevalence of this persisting embryologic artery to be quite high. An understanding of the characteristics and significance of this artery in the adult population is necessary to surgeons operating on the carpal tunnel or distal antebrachium.
Agricultural Value Chains and Gender in the Post-reform Era
Authors: TUSHABOMWE Denis , MPIIMA David Mugambe 
Published: September 2024

This article systematically reviewed literature on agricultural market reforms, value chains and gender, selected from Global South developing countries to generate evidence on the changes in smallholder agricultural value chains and gender relations, following liberalization reforms. The study specifically aimed to; identify and critically analyse previous attempts to categorize agricultural value chains; and provide new value chain categorizations and associated gender relations. We found that only 5% of the reviewed 60 publications have attempted to categorize agricultural value chains, however with no consideration of gender relations. A new value chain typology has been provided as: “Traditional”, Digitally-led”, “Group-led” and “Firm-led” value chains, respectively basing on 13%, 35%, 32%, and 24% of the publications. With regard to gender relations, the main finding was that unequal gender relations are inherent in all forms of value chains but tend to be experienced differently by value chain actors –men and women – depending on the type of value chain. The commonly identified underlying factors for gender inequality included; patriarchal structures that bestow upon men decision-making power and control over production resources mostly land. Related were social norms that confine women to the domestic realm, proscribe their mobility and participation in higher value chain nodes and farmer groups. Lastly were gender disparities in education, skills and income leading to differences in access, ownership and use of ICTs. From the results, we note that inasmuch as different forms of value chains present some opportunities for actors, the evolution in smallholder value chains continues to engender equality challenges, mostly affecting women. We contributed to filling the knowledge gap on transformations in post-reform value chains and its effect on gender relations.
Trace the evolution path of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment technology based on a patent perspective
Authors: Huang Chunling , Sun Haoyu , Liu Yujing , Yuan Hongmei 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

This paper discusses the research hotspots and future development trends of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment technology, in order to provide valuable reference and guidance to promote the development of technology. First, the search path counting (SPC) algorithm is utilized to identify the global main path to perform a preliminary analysis of the technology evolution path from a macro perspective. Second, according to the life cycle, S-curve divides the time windows of the temporal themes and uses the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) modeling to identify the themes under each time window. Then, a visualized Sankey diagram is generated to determine the evolutionary relationship, which can be supplemented with the paths of technological evolution from the micro point of view. Finally, six research hotspots of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment technology were found, which are compounding agents, advanced oxidation technology, nanomaterials, artificial intelligence (AI) technology, membrane pollution prevention, and various combinations of wastewater treatment technology. The study also predicted its future development direction.
Study on the effect of modified Fe3O4@SiO2@PAC magnetic seeds on magnetic flocculation separation of ballast water sediments
Authors: Shi Yue , Ye Jiancheng , Lu Zheng , Shi Hang , Zhang Jianpeng , Zhao Chen , Li Qiangqiang , Ding Fuxing , Li Chuanhui 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

In this study, modified Fe3O4@SiO2@PAC magnetic seeds were prepared to explore the separation efficiency and mechanism of algae and particles in high-turbidity ballast water under different influencing factors. The results showed that when the mass ratio of Fe3O4@SiO2 and PAC was 1:3, the removal rate of algae and turbidity was increased by 20 and 15.7% compared with the unmodified magnetic seed. When the dosage of magnetic seed was 217.5 mg/L, the stirring time was 129.2 s, the stirring speed was 211.6 r/min, and the pH was 8, the removal rates of turbidity and algae were 83.23 and 97.85%, respectively. The removal rates of algae and turbidity by the secondary magnetic seeds after compounding reached 97.8 and 96.57% of the first utilisation. Through scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and the adsorption kinetics model, it was found that the magnetic seed removed algae and turbidity through electrostatic adsorption generated by PAC. Among them, the role of SiO2 as an intermediate layer is to make PAC a better composite on the magnetic seed so that it can play the greatest role.