bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnóstico y caracterización de la minería ilegal en el municipio de Sogamoso, hacia la construcción de estrategias para la sustitución de la minería ilegal
Authors: Serrano Ana Milena , Martínez Bernal Martha Stella , Fonseca Páez Luis Alejandro 
Published: December 2016

Este artículo tiene como objetivo en primera medida describir la minería ilegal en las veredas El Pedregal y Morca ubicadas en el municipio de Sogamoso, desde la visión de los propios actores, que permita, con un equipo de trabajo, planear y desarrollar estrategias puntuales para la legalización y sustitución de la minería en esta zona del departamento de Boyacá. Mediante una metodología cuantitativa no experimental transeccional - descriptiva, y la implementación de encuesta social se logró identicar las principales situaciones donde se evidencia considerablemente el ejercicio de la minería por campesinos de la región de forma artesanal sin generar sostenibilidad desde el punto de vista técnico, nanciero, legal, ambiental y de normas de seguridad, ocasionando baja productividad. Para el desarrollo de esta investigación se realizaron las siguientes fases: Diagnóstico de las condiciones actuales de la minería ilegal, se diseñaron estrategias empresariales, entre las cuales están las capacitaciones sobre la normatividad y el proceso de formalización de la minería, estrategia de asociatividad para la comercialización del producto y la formulación de proyectos para la sustitución de esta actividad.
Systematic review of ventricular peritoneal shunt and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: a safe combination
Authors: Oterdoom Leendert H. , Marinus Oterdoom D. L. , Ket Johannes C. F. , van Dijk J. Marc C. , Scholten Pieter 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVEVarious international and national gastrointestinal guidelines take different positions on whether ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) insertion is a contraindication to percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). The objective of this meta-analysis was to try to answer the question of whether VPS insertion is a contraindication to PEG.METHODSA systematic review of the literature was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. Electronic databases PubMed and Embase were searched using variations of the terms “ventriculo-peritoneal shunt” and “percutaneous (endoscopic) gastrostomy.” This search resulted in 70 studies, 9 of which were relevant. These were cross-referenced, and 1 additional study was found, resulting in 10 studies in this systematic review.RESULTSThe 10 relevant studies in adult cohorts included 208 patients. All studies save one were retrospective and, in general, poor quality. Among the studies with relevant data, there were 26 (12.5% of 208 cases) VPS infections and 4 (4.4% of 90 cases) VPSs that malfunctioned. In 137 patients the VPS had been placed before the PEG tube, with a VPS infection rate of 4.4%. More VPS infections occurred among the 55 patients who first had a PEG and a subsequent VPS (21.8%) and in the 16 patients who had simultaneous PEG tube and VPS placement (50%). The heterogeneity of the studies in this analysis prohibited statistical comparisons of the timing of VPS and PEG tube placement.CONCLUSIONSThis systematic review indicated that VPS placement in combination with a PEG has a high but acceptable VPS complication rate. Therefore, VPS insertion should not be considered a contraindication to the placement of a PEG tube. Preferably, a PEG tube should be placed after the VPS. Waiting 7–10 days between VPS insertion and a PEG seems reasonable, but this could not be corroborated in this review.
Elevated preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of worse survival after resection in patients with brain metastasis
Authors: Mitsuya Koichi , Nakasu Yoko , Kurakane Takeshi , Hayashi Nakamasa , Harada Hideyuki , Nozaki Kazuhiko 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVEThe median postoperative survival duration of patients with brain metastases who undergo tumor resection is 12 months. Most of these patients die of systemic metastases or the progression of primary cancer but not brain metastases. The criteria for indicating resection are still controversial. Systemic assessment is restricted, especially in patients who need emergent management for their large-size or life-threatening brain metastases. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is reported to correlate with survival time or progression-free survival in patients with various cancers. However, NLR has not been assessed in patients with brain metastases. The impact of NLR on the survival data of patients who had undergone resection of brain metastases was retrospectively analyzed.METHODSThe clinical records of patients who underwent resection of brain metastases at Shizuoka Cancer Center between May 2007 and January 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. NLR was calculated by using the data obtained from the latest examination before resection and before the administration of steroid therapy. Kaplan-Meier curves were used for the assessment of overall survival (OS).RESULTSOf the 105 patients included, 67 patients were male. The median age of the patients was 63 years (range 36–90 years). The primary cancers were lung, colon, breast, uterus, and other cancers in 48, 19, 10, 8, and 20 patients, respectively. The postresection median survival duration was 12 months (range 1–91 months) for the entire series. The optimum NLR threshold value was identified as 5. A significant difference in the median OS was found: 14 months for 82 patients with an NLR < 5 versus 5 months for 23 patients with an NLR ≥ 5 (p = 0.001).CONCLUSIONSIn this study, an elevated preoperative NLR is a predictor of worse survival after resection for brain metastases. NLR is a simple, systemic marker and can be used in clinical settings for decision making regarding resection in patients with brain metastases.
Use of magnetic resonance imaging to detect occult spinal dysraphism in infants
Authors: O'Neill Brent R. , Gallegos Danielle , Herron Alex , Palmer Claire , Stence Nicholas V. , Hankinson Todd C. , Corbett Wilkinson C. , Handler Michael H. 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVE
Cutaneous stigmata or congenital anomalies often prompt screening for occult spinal dysraphism (OSD) in asymptomatic infants. While a number of studies have examined the results of ultrasonography (US) screening, less is known about the findings when MRI is used as the primary imaging modality. The object of this study was to assess the results of MRI screening for OSD in infants.

METHODS
The authors undertook a retrospective review of all infants who had undergone MRI of the lumbar spine to screen for OSD over a 6-year period (September 2006–September 2012). All images had been obtained on modern MRI scanners using sequences optimized to detect OSD, which was defined as any fibrolipoma of the filum terminale (FFT), a conus medullaris ending at or below the L2–3 disc space, as well as more complex lesions such as lipomyelomeningocele (LMM).

RESULTS
Five hundred twenty-two patients with a mean age of 6.2 months at imaging were included in the study. Indications for imaging included isolated dimple in 235 patients (45%), asymmetrically deviated gluteal cleft in 43 (8%), symmetrically deviated (Y-shaped) gluteal cleft in 38 (7%), hemangioma in 28 (5%), other isolated cutaneous stigmata (subcutaneous lipoma, vestigial tail, hairy patch, and dysplastic skin) in 31 (6%), several of the above stigmata in 97 (18%), and congenital anomalies in 50 (10%).
Twenty-three percent (122 patients) of the study population had OSD. Lesions in 19% of these 122 patients were complex OSD consisting of LMM, dermal sinus tract extending to the thecal sac, and lipomeningocele. The majority of OSD lesions (99 patients [81%]) were filar abnormalities, a group including FFT and low-lying conus.
The rate of OSD ranged from 12% for patients with asymmetrically deviated gluteal crease to 55% for those with other isolated cutaneous stigmata.
Isolated midline dimple was the most common indication for imaging. Among this group, 20% (46 of 235) had OSD. There was no difference in the rate of OSD based on dimple location. Those with OSD had a mean dimple position of 15 mm (SD 11.8) above the coccyx. Those without OSD had a mean dimple position of 12.2 mm (SD 19) above the coccyx (p = 0.25).

CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of OSD identified with modern high-resolution MRI screening is significantly higher than that reported with US screening, particularly in patients with dimples. The majority of OSD lesions identified are FFT and low conus. The clinical significance of such lesions remains unclear.
Correlation of mortality with lesion level in patients with myelomeningocele: a population-based study
Authors: Borgstedt-Bakke Joel Haakon , Fenger-Grøn Morten , Rasmussen Mikkel Mylius 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to assess myelomeningocele mortality, correlate these findings to lesion level, and investigate mortality evolution.

METHODS
From the population-based western Denmark myelomeningocele database, the authors extracted the records of 187 patients born between January 1, 1970, and July 1, 2015. Patients were categorized according to their most rostral lesion level into cervical, thoracic, lumbar, or sacral groups. Furthermore, patients were categorized based on their birth dates (1970–1979, 1980–1989, and 1990–2015). Mortality data was extrapolated from the university hospital's electronic charts, which are based on the Danish Civil Registration System, and compared according to mortality, lesion level, and date of birth. Data were also extracted from nationwide Danish registers. Additionally, the authors divided the patients according to date of birth before or after the advent of prenatal detection (2004), and compared mortality rates of these two groups.

RESULTS
A thoracic lesion level was associated with a significantly higher mortality rate (p = 0.01). Two patients had a cervical lesion and were alive at the end of follow-up. The mortality rate decreased over time, although not significantly for the subsequent time periods. Prenatal detection did not affect mortality.

CONCLUSIONS
The presented data suggest increased mortality with ascending lesion level in patients with myelomeningocele, except for patients with cervical lesions. The mortality rate improved over time, suggesting that modern treatment modalities improve survival in patients with myelomeningocele.
Radiofrequency ablation of spinal osteoid osteoma: a prospective study
Authors: Faddoul Joe , Faddoul Yara , Kobaiter-Maarrawi Sandra , Moussa Ronald , Rizk Tony , Nohra Georges , Okais Nabil , Samaha Elie , Maarrawi Joseph 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVE
Surgery has been considered the standard treatment for spinal osteoid osteomas that are refractory to analgesic agents. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a less invasive technique with established efficiency for the treatment of peripheral osteoid osteomas. The main objectives of this study are to evaluate the safety of RFA based on the results of a previous experimental study in rats conducted in the authors' laboratory and to identify its short- and long-term efficiency in the treatment of spinal osteoid osteomas.

METHODS
Between March 2009 and July 2016, 8 consecutive patients with spinal osteoid osteomas were enrolled in the study and underwent 9 CT-guided RFA procedures. All patients presented with spinal pain (median preoperative visual analog scale [VAS] score 7.55, range 6–8.8) predominantly during the night, and they all had normal neurological examination results before the procedure. Pain (according to the VAS score) and neurological status were reassessed immediately before discharge, with further follow-up at 1, 6, and 12 months after the procedure. At the final follow-up, VAS score, neurological examination, patient satisfaction, and a radiological control (CT scan) were documented (median 48 months, range 12–84 months). VAS scores before and after the procedure were compared during the 3 days before surgery (D0), on the day of the surgery, Day 1 (D1), and at the final follow-up.

RESULTS
No neurological deficit was documented following the procedure or at the final follow-up. A statistically significant reduction in the VAS score was observed on Day 1 (mean 2.56 ± 0.68, p = 0.005) compared with D0. At the final follow-up, all patients reported a VAS score of 0 and a satisfaction rate of 100%. Only 1 patient had recurrent symptoms (pain, VAS score 8.1) 6 months after the initial RFA. A second procedure was performed, and the patient was subsequently symptom free at the final follow-up. CT scanning performed in all patients (12–84 months post-RFA) showed residual sclerosis in 4 patients and complete resolution of the radiological lesion in the remaining 4 patients.

CONCLUSIONS
CT-guided RFA appears to be a safe and effective method for the management of spinal osteoid osteoma and can be safely performed for lesions close to the dura or exiting nerve root based on the motor response threshold testing performed during the procedure. It should be considered the treatment of choice for spinal osteoid osteomas refractory to conservative treatment, thus avoiding more aggressive spinal approaches with subsequent potential morbidity.
Impurities in multiband superconductors
Authors: Korshunov M M , Togushova Yu N , Dolgov O V 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Disorder — impurities and defects violating the ideal long-range order — is always present in solids. It can result in interesting and sometimes unexpected effects in multiband superconductors, especially if the superconductivity is unconventional, thus having symmetry other than the usual s-wave. This paper uses the examples of iron-based pnictides and chalcogenides to examine how both nonmagnetic and magnetic impurities affect superconducting states with s± and s++ order parameters. We show that disorder causes the transition between s± and s++ states and examine what observable effects this transition can produce.
THE ROTATION PERIOD DISTRIBUTIONS OF 4–10 Myr T TAURI STARS IN ORION OB1: NEW CONSTRAINTS ON PRE-MAIN-SEQUENCE ANGULAR MOMENTUM EVOLUTION
Authors: Karim Md Tanveer , Stassun Keivan G. , Briceño César , Vivas A. Katherina , Raetz Stefanie , Mateu Cecilia , Downes Juan José , Calvet Nuria , Hernández Jesús , Neuhäuser Ralph , Mugrauer Markus , Takahashi Hidenori , Tachihara Kengo , Chini Rolf , Cruz-Dias Gustavo A. , Aarnio Alicia , James David J. , Hackstein Moritz 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Most existing studies of the angular momentum evolution of young stellar populations have focused on the youngest (≲1–3 Myr) T Tauri stars. In contrast, the angular momentum distributions of older T Tauri stars (∼4–10 Myr) have been less studied, even though they hold key insights to understanding stellar angular momentum evolution at a time when protoplanetary disks have largely dissipated and when models therefore predict changes in the rotational evolution that can in principle be tested. We present a study of photometric variability among 1974 confirmed T Tauri members of various subregions of the Orion OB1 association, and with ages spanning 4–10 Myr, using optical time series from three different surveys. For 564 of the stars (∼32% of the weak-lined T Tauri stars and ∼13% of the classical T Tauri stars in our sample) we detect statistically significant periodic variations, which we attribute to the stellar rotation periods, making this one of the largest samples of T Tauri star rotation periods yet published. We observe a clear change in the overall rotation period distributions over the age range 4–10 Myr, with the progressively older subpopulations exhibiting systematically faster rotation. This result is consistent with angular momentum evolution model predictions of an important qualitative change in the stellar rotation periods starting at ∼5 Myr, an age range for which very few observational constraints were previously available.
BVRI OBSERVATIONS AND ANALYSES OF THE SEMIDETACHED BINARY FF VULPECULA
Authors: Samec R. G. , Nyaude R. , Caton D. , Hamme W. Van 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
High-precision

light curves of FF Vul were taken during the fall of 2015 with the Dark Sky Observatory 0.81 m reflector of Appalachian State University, and the SARA north 0.91 m reflector at KPNO. FF Vul is an eclipsing binary with a period of 0.44 day. A Wilson–Devinney solution shows that the binary is a near-contact, semidetached binary, i.e., with a V1010 Oph-type configuration. Five eclipse timings (three primary and two secondary) were calculated. A quadratic ephemeris was determined indicating that the period is decreasing. A near-equatorial hot spot was modeled on the cooler, secondary star, possibly caused by matter impacting from the primary component via the inner Lagrangian point. The component temperature difference is more than 1500 K. The solution confirms a total secondary eclipse of 23 minutes duration. As expected in binaries of this type, there is a magnetic spot region.
ROTATIONAL DYNAMICS AND STAR FORMATION IN THE NEARBY DWARF GALAXY NGC 5238
Authors: Cannon John M. , McNichols Andrew T. , Teich Yaron G. , Ball Catherine , Banovetz John , Brock Annika , Eisner Brian A. , Fitzgibbon Kathleen , Miazzo Masao , Nizami Asra , Reilly Bridget , Ruvolo Elizabeth , Singer Quinton 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We present new H i spectral-line images of the nearby low-mass galaxy NGC 5238, acquired with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. Located at a distance of 4.51 ± 0.04 Mpc, NGC 5238 is an actively star-forming galaxy with widespread Hα and ultraviolet (UV) continuum emission. The source is included in many ongoing and recent nearby galaxy surveys, but until this work the spatially resolved qualities of its neutral interstellar medium have remained unstudied. Our H i images resolve the disk on physical scales of ∼400 pc, allowing us to undertake a detailed comparative study of the gaseous and stellar components. The H i disk is asymmetric in the outer regions, and the areas of high H i mass surface density display a crescent-shaped morphology that is slightly offset from the center of the stellar populations. The H i column density exceeds 1021 cm−2 in much of the disk. We quantify the degree of co-spatiality of dense H i gas and sites of ongoing star formation as traced by far-UV and Hα emission. The neutral gas kinematics are complex; using a spatially resolved position–velocity analysis, we infer a rotational velocity of 31 ± 5 km s−1. We place NGC 5238 on the baryonic Tully–Fisher relation and contextualize the system among other low-mass galaxies.
REDSHIFT MEASUREMENT AND SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION FOR eBOSS GALAXIES WITH THE REDMONSTER SOFTWARE
Authors: Hutchinson Timothy A. , Bolton Adam S. , Dawson Kyle S. , Prieto Carlos Allende , Bailey Stephen , Bautista Julian E. , Brownstein Joel R. , Conroy Charlie , Guy Julien , Myers Adam D. , Newman Jeffrey A. , Prakash Abhishek , Carnero-Rosell Aurelio , Seo Hee-Jong , Tojeiro Rita , Vivek M. , Zhu Guangtun Ben 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We describe the redmonster automated redshift measurement and spectral classification software designed for the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV). We describe the algorithms, the template standard and requirements, and the newly developed galaxy templates to be used on eBOSS spectra. We present results from testing on early data from eBOSS, where we have found a 90.5% automated redshift and spectral classification success rate for the luminous red galaxy sample (redshifts 0.6 ≲ z ≲ 1.0). The redmonster performance meets the eBOSS cosmology requirements for redshift classification and catastrophic failures and represents a significant improvement over the previous pipeline. We describe the empirical processes used to determine the optimum number of additive polynomial terms in our models and an acceptable

threshold for declaring statistical confidence. Statistical errors on redshift measurement due to photon shot noise are assessed, and we find typical values of a few tens of km s−1. An investigation of redshift differences in repeat observations scaled by error estimates yields a distribution with a Gaussian mean and standard deviation of μ ∼ 0.01 and σ ∼ 0.65, respectively, suggesting the reported statistical redshift uncertainties are over-estimated by ∼54%. We assess the effects of object magnitude, signal-to-noise ratio, fiber number, and fiber head location on the pipeline’s redshift success rate. Finally, we describe directions of ongoing development.
Proteomic Investigation of Dermal Fibroblasts Isolated from Affected and Unaffected Skin Samples from Patients with Limited Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis: 2 Distinct Entities?
Authors: Corallo Claudio , Santucci Annalisa , Bernardini Giulia , Figura Natale , Leoncini Roberto , Riolo Giulia , Montella Antonio , Chirico Chiara , Nuti Ranuccio , Giordano Nicola 
Published: December 2016

Objective.To identify using proteomic analysis the proteins of altered abundance in the affected and unaffected limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lcSSc) skin fibroblasts.Methods.Excision biopsies (3 mm) were obtained from the affected and unaffected skin of 5 patients with lcSSc. Dermal fibroblasts were isolated enzymatically. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to separate and define proteins in affected and unaffected fibroblast lysates. Proteins of altered abundance were identified by mass spectrometry. Differences among skin samples were confirmed also by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) for type I collagen (Col-1) and vimentin (VIM).Results.Proteomic analysis revealed different expressions of proteins involved in cytoskeleton organization (27%), extracellular matrix remodeling (11%), response to oxidative stress (22%), energy metabolism (19%), protein metabolism (5%), cellular homeostasis (5%), signal transduction (3%), and protein transcription, synthesis, and turnover (8%). IHC analysis showed that SSc-affected epidermis is thickened and the dermis is strongly reactive to Col-1 and VIM (typical markers of activated myofibroblasts) compared to SSc-unaffected skin, whose stainings are comparable to those of control healthy skin. Overexpression of Col-1 and VIM mRNA levels in affected lcSSc fibroblasts compared to unaffected lcSSc ones was confirmed by qRT-PCR.Conclusion.Consistent with previous studies, these findings are important for 2 reasons: first, because they reveal the opposite behavior of dermal fibroblasts in the unaffected and affected skin areas of the same patient with lcSSc; second, because they demonstrate the histological/histochemical similarities between unaffected skin from patients with lcSSc and healthy control skin.