bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modernism, Feminism and Science Fiction: Words as Silence, Language as Rhymes by Marwa Arsanios
Authors: Atallah Nadine 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Words as Silence, Language as Rhymes is an artist book published in 2012 by Lebanese contemporary artist Marwa Arsanios, included in her Al-Hilal project (2011–ongoing). This project is based on an examination of the Egyptian cultural magazine Al-Hilal, and more particularly of two issues dating back to Nasser’s presidency. These praised Nasser’s ideology of Arab socialism and nationalism by highlighting technological and scientific innovations, social progress and women’s emancipation. More than half a century later, after the failure of Nasser’s policy and ideology, Words as Silence, Language as Rhymes analyses the rhetoric of modernism and its promises in the magazine. It takes a particular interest in the expression of Egypt’s dream of space conquest, and in the representation of women, and more particularly of female Algerian freedom fighters. By re-engaging and manipulating Al-Hilal’s textual and visual language, Arsanios plays with a multiplicity of temporal layers and uses the prospective potentialities of science fiction to re-imagine the modernist ideals and assert the importance of a utopian thought for the present. This article invokes Svetlana Boym’s concepts of off-modernism and nostalgia to consider Words as Silence, Language as Rhymes as a feminist historiographical critique of modernism as conveyed by Al-Hilal.
L’essor d’une avant-garde picturale dans les années 1940 en Iran : premières galeries, associations et revues d’art
Authors: Bombardier Alice 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In 1940s’ Iran, the first graduates in painting from the Fine Arts Faculty of the Tehran University distinguished themselves from their predecessors. They praised a new vision of art, activities of a new kind – such as the practice of public exhibitions – and new forms of organization. Initially, they used cultural centres of foreign embassies as springboards. Then, some of them founded – pioneering and still largely unknown – independent exhibition areas, as evidenced by the Apadana Gallery Club. Finally, they managed to establish themselves in public exhibition halls, like the Mehregan Club or even the Tehran Biennials of Painting. Nevertheless, until the late 1950s, the activities of this young generation of artists remained marginal and their creations, from the elite perspectives, were still perceived as strange. Indeed, at that time, these pioneers of a new style called “New Painting” in Iran fought to raise awareness among the general public and frequently faced financial troubles, scandals, trials and censorship. For them, the New Painting was the groundswell that had to make the whole society evolve, as emphasized by the large number of periodicals edited, especially by the Fighting Cock Art Society. This article relates the context and steps of this pioneering phase and highlights the profound transformation of Iranian society at the turn of the 1940s.
History, Identity, Memory: Nikzad Nodjoumi’s Arzhang
Authors: Diba Layla S. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
One of the strategies available to scholars challenging the Western art-historical canon is the use of case studies of the careers of pioneering artists from the “periphery”. This essay will tell the story of a long forgotten chapter of the history of Iranian modern art which has only recently come to light. Just before the 1979 revolution, one of Iran’s young avant-garde painters, Nikzad Nodjoumi (b. 1941), was invited to provide a set of illustrations for a publication and translation of the Manichean text of the Arzhang by the Niavaran Cultural Center in Tehran. Nodjoumi chose to focus on the theme of the prophet and painter Mani (AD 216–274) and produced a series of 280 visually and politically compelling small-scale paintings on paper. The paintings utilized a variety of strategies to construct a distinctly Iranian form of Modernism. In this series, the artist sought to synthesize Manichean themes and forms and traditional Persian manuscript elements with the abstract forms and gestural techniques of Abstract Expressionism. His principal formal inspiration was a group of folios of Manichean illustrated manuscripts datable to the eighth–ninth centuries AD located in the Museum of Asian Art in Berlin. This essay will begin by investigating the historical and cultural context of the commission; discuss the importance of the legend of Mani in Iranian culture and manuscript illustration, as well as the relationship of image and text in traditional manuscript illustration; and compare these paintings with their Manichean models. By exploring the works of one individual painter, the essay will show how Iranian artists of the post-World War II era were inventing a modernism that was both local and global. Through a close reading of this artist’s creative process, themes central to Modernism such as history, identity, and memory will be illuminated.
Unfertige Studien I: Wer sind und was bedeutet al-māriqa?
Authors: van Ess Josef 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
For centuries on end we find, in Islamic sources, the habit of calling the Khārijites al-māriqa. The expression seemed fit to convey the negative image with which they had been burdened. Our oldest testimony is a prophetic saying which, however, presents itself in several different contexts. Moreover, the meaning which is connected with this word there seems to be a secondary one. The epithet was originally applied to people who had joined Islam early on but then abandoned the new religion. This was not true for the Khārijites; they had rather become famous for their enduring, though somewhat idiosyncratic, piety. Consequently, we find, in second century Iraq, besides outright condemnation also a more positive attitude towards them, where they are understood as people who were simply led astray by their strange and pseudo-profound ideas (al-taʿammuq). This less disparaging conception was, however, a phenomenon linked to their convivencia in towns like Kūfa or Baṣra and did not last beyond the exodus of the (Ibāḍī) Khārijites to Oman or the Maghrib.
Roman Jakobson’s Triadic Division of Translation Revisited
Authors: Jia Hongwei 
Published: February 2017

AbstractGrounded on archival files, the general development of Jakobson’s tripartite division of translation (intralingual, interlingual, and intersemiotic) and its current situation in the academic world is recovered to reveal its influence on linguistics, semiotics, and translation studies worldwide, and to point out the significance of criticizing the triadic division in terms of the broad sense of translation as a term and the classifications of signs. Gideon Toury (1986), Umberto Eco (2001), Peeter Torop (2002), Dinda Gorlée (2010), Zhonglian Huang (2015), Hongwei Jia (2016b and 2016c), and others criticized this division and constructed their own systems, but these have their own problems and limitations. Therefore, it is necessary to construct, with reference to Lotman’s idea on semiosphere, a new division system (intra-semiospheric, intersemiospheric and supra-semiospheric) for translation semiotics.
Genotyping CYP2D6 by three different methods: advantages and disadvantages
Authors: Ribeiro Carolina , Martins Patrícia , Grazina Manuela 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Background:
CYP2D6 belongs to P450 superfamily, and is responsible for the metabolism of 25% of the drugs used clinically. Genetic variability of CYP2D6 affects individual drug or toxic response leading to differences in the drug outcome or toxicity mediating adverse drug effects. The different variant alleles are associated with increased, decreased, or abolished enzyme hydroxylation functions. The CYP2D6*10 (rs1065852, c.100C>T) allele is associated with reduced function and is one of the most studied alleles.

Methods:
The aim of this study was to perform three different methods (PCR-RFLP, TaqMan® Drug Metabolism Genotyping Assays, and Sanger Sequencing) for genotyping alteration c.100C>T, rs1065852 in a group of 24 Portuguese subjects (15 females and 9 males, mean age 70±9 years) and compare the results.

Results:
We found 16 samples homozygous for *1 allele and 8 heterozygous for *10 allele.

Conclusions:
The three methods provide concordant results suggesting that any of these techniques is a reliable and sensitive method for genotyping CYP2D6. However, we would recommend the use of TaqMan® Drug Metabolism Assays, given the advantages concerning time spending, straightforwardness, reliability, and accuracy.
Shape optimization for the eigenfrequency of the plate
Authors: Gasimov Yusif S. , Allahverdiyeva Natavan A. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In this paper, we consider an eigenvalue problem for the biharmonic operator that describes the transverse vibrations of the plate.
Under the imposed boundary conditions, the eigenvalues of this operator are indeed eigenfrequencies of the clamped plate.
The domain of the plate is taken variable and the domain functional, involving an eigenfrequency, is studied.
A new formula for an eigenfrequency is proved, the first variation of the functional with respect to the domain is calculated, and the necessary condition for an optimal shape is derived. New explicit formulas are obtained for the eigenfrequency in the optimal domain in some particular cases.
Introduction: understanding language management and multilingualism in Malaysia
Authors: Zhou Minglang , Xiaomei Wang 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis article introduces multilingualism in Malaysia and examines how the language management of the multilingual society there is challenged by interactions among global, regional, national, and local language orders. These orders and their interactions give rise to various language ideologies, which are struggling to maintain a hierarchy of their respective choice. From this perspective, this introductory article reviews the seven contributions in this issue and analyzes the impact of conflicting language ideologies on language policies, use, maintenance and development in families and communities in Malaysia. The analysis suggests that in Malaysia global and regional language orders have significantly influenced the national and local language orders while the national order has a relatively weak impact on the local language order. Malaysia’s diverse and sometimes conflicting language ideologies reflect the existing language orders and support them. The combination of the existing language orders and ideologies seems to be a perfect fit for unity in diversity regarding nation-building, but it is not necessarily a fit for diversity in unity in Malaysia. The lesson from the Malaysian experience is that language management and nation-building have to take full consideration of the interaction among global, regional, and national language orders within the communities involved.
Indigenous language development in East Malaysia
Authors: Smith James A. , Smith Karla J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMany of the 138 living languages in Malaysia are listed as endangered and some listed as vigorous are undergoing language shift. Most of these languages are shifting towards Malay, the national language, and to English, an international language. Since standard Malay is the language of instruction in the government schools, many indigenous parents are speaking Malay to their children with the hope of giving them a better start in school. People in a number of the indigenous minority groups in Sabah and Sarawak recognize that language shift is occurring and are taking steps to reverse it. In the past 15 years several of the indigenous minority groups have been engaged in language development projects and, as awareness grows, more groups are joining them. They have developed appropriate writing systems and produced linguistic papers to increase understanding of the vocabulary and grammar of their languages. They have also implemented early childhood education programmes with the intention of increasing the number of speakers of the languages, and raising their status. This article presents some of the methods, activities, successes and challenges that these groups have experienced in their language development projects while seeking to revitalize their vulnerable languages.
Kinetics analysis of photocatalytic degradation of Acid Orange 7 by Co/N/Er3+: Y3Al5O12/TiO2 films
Authors: Lan Wang , Lin Zhang Lin , Kai Guo Meng 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTo improve the efficiency of decomposition of dye wastewater, the experiments of sonocatalytic degradation of Acid Orange 7 by TiO
The crystal structure of N,N′-(4,4′-oxydibenzyl)-bisisonicotinamide 3.5 hydrate, C24H24N4O6
Authors: Brito Iván , Cárdenas Alejandro , Bolte Michael 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
C24H24N4O6, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 18.9759(19) Å, b = 14.0764(13) Å, c = 19.2072(19) Å, β = 116.836(7)°, V = 4577.9(8) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.077, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.206, T = 173(2) K.
Evaluation of ammonium bifluoride fusion for rapid dissolution in post-detonation nuclear forensic analysis
Authors: Hubley Nicholas T. , Brockman John D. , Robertson J. David 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Dissolution of geological reference materials by fusion with ammonium bifluoride, NH4HF2 or ABF, was evaluated for its potential use in post-detonation nuclear forensics. The fusion procedure was optimized such that the total dissolution time was <3 h without compromising recovery. Geological reference materials containing various levels of silicates were dissolved and measured by ICP-MS to quantify elemental recovery. Dissolutions of NIST 278 obsidian and urban canyon matrix were performed with radiotracer spikes to measure potential loss of volatile elements during the fusion procedure via gamma-ray spectroscopy. Elemental percent recoveries obtained by ICP-MS were found to be 80–120% while recoveries of radiotracers were observed to be 90–100% with the exception of iodine.
Wann erleben Beschäftigte ihre Arbeit als sinnvoll? Befunde aus einer Untersuchung über professionelle Dienstleistungsarbeit
Authors: Hardering Friedericke 
Published: February 2017

Zusammenfassung:
Der Beitrag knüpft an die aktuelle Diskussion über das Sinnerleben in professionellen Dienstleistungstätigkeiten an und beleuchtet die bisher weitgehend unberücksichtigte Frage nach der subjektiven Erlebensqualität sinnvoller Arbeit. Gegenstand sind die subjektiven Erfahrungen des Sinnerlebens sowie dessen Einschränkungen, die auf Basis von Interviews mit ÄrztInnen und SozialarbeiterInnen rekonstruiert werden. Der Beitrag zeigt, dass sich die Erfahrung von Sinnhaftigkeit wesentlich aus dem Gefühl von Kongruenz, der wahrgenommenen Übereinstimmung unterschiedlicher Nutzenperspektiven im Sinne eines Nutzens für den Einzelnen sowie für Andere ergibt. Zudem lassen sich neuartige Bedrohungen des Sinnerlebens identifizieren, die aus dem Verlust positiver Erfahrungsräume in der Arbeit sowie einer Reflexivierung von Sinnfragen resultieren.
Bioenergetic strategy of microalgae for the biodegradation of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol
Authors: Papazi Aikaterini , Ioannou Andreas , Symeonidi Myrto , Doulis Andreas G. , Kotzabasis Kiriakos 
Published: February 2017

AbstractOlive mill wastewater has significant polluting properties due to its high phenolic content [mainly tyrosol (trs) and hydroxytyrosol (htrs)]. Growth kinetics and a series of fluorescence induction measurements forScenedesmus obliquuscultures showed that microalgae can be tolerant of these phenolic compounds. Changes in the cellular energy reserves and concentration of the phenolic compounds adjust the “toxicity” of these compounds to the microalgae and are, therefore, the main parameters that affect biodegradation. Autotrophic growth conditions of microalgae and high concentrations of trs or htrs induce higher biodegradation compared with mixotrophic conditions and lower phenolic concentrations. When microalgae face trs and htrs simultaneously, biodegradation begins from htrs, the more energetically demanding compound. All these lead to the conviction that microalgae have a “rational” management of cellular energy balance. Low toxicity levels lead to higher growth and lower biodegradation, whereas higher toxicity levels lead to lower growth and higher biodegradation. The selection of appropriate conditions (compatible to the bioenergetic strategies of microalgae) seems to be the key for a successful biodegradation of a series of toxic compounds, thus paving the way for future biotechnological applications for solving complicated pollution problems, like the detoxification of olive mill wastewater.
Schema activation through pre-reading activities: teaching proverbs in L2
Authors: Salbego Nayara , Osborne Denise M. 
Published: February 2017

Although educators are aware that the use of pre-reading activities can prompt schemata and therefore enhance the reading process in a foreign language (e.g., Aebersold; Field, 2007; Johnson, 1982; Langer, 1981), planning an effective pre-reading activity may pose a challenge. In this article, we discuss how students’ schemata on proverbs can be activated through pre-reading activities by promoting text structure awareness (e.g., Grabe; Stoller, 2011) and exploring cultural aspects embedded in proverbs in their first(s) language(s). This study proposes a pre-reading activity for the teaching of proverbs in a Portuguese as a foreign language class in a multilingual context, in which minimal interference from the teacher is required and dialogical interaction among students is promoted. The activity was applied in an intermediate class of Portuguese learners in an American university. The pre-reading activity was designed in order to help students establish a well-grounded basis before they encounter proverbs in Portuguese, from both formal and content perspectives. This study also analyzes the students’ feedback, collected in an online survey. The analysis shows an overwhelmingly positive response to the pre-reading activity.
Repensando o ensino da compreensão oral em turmas heterogêneas de língua-cultura estrangeira
Authors: Cunha José Carlos Chaves da , Santos Edirnelis Moraes dos 
Published: February 2017

Based on the data of GEALC (Research Group Teaching and Learning of Languages and Cultures), we are interested in teaching oral comprehension (OC) in foreign language (FL) or second language (L2) in heterogeneous classes under the linguistic and cultural perspective. OC is indeed one of the most neglected general competences in teachers’ training, the most difficult to be acquired and the most present in people’s life. Based on the Lhote’s “landscape” model of OC (1995, 2001), Conseil of Europe’s action-oriented approach (2001) and ethnographic methodology, we describe and analyze the oral records and OC activities taken place in PFL (Portuguese as a foreign language) classes of UFPA. We noticed the material mainly consists of records of activities proposed and adopted by the course’s pedagogical kit (music, audiovisual resources produced by proficiency exam). The OC activities (“identical to the real” life and“pedagogically communicative”) are clearly driven by action-oriented approach, but Lhote’s model is still not or rarely applied in the preparation of activities, which could result in a more attentive listening capacity.
Az egészségügyi szakdolgozókat ért agresszív cselekmények kapcsolata szociodemográfiai és munkahelyi tényezőkkel
Authors: Irinyi Tamás , Németh Anikó , Lampek Kinga 
Published: February 2017

Abstract: Introduction: Violence against health care providers is getting more awareness nowadays. This topic is in the focus of international scientific attention also, although in Hungary exact data is lacking. Aim: The present study aimed to assess the correlations between violent acts against health care workers and their effects with different sociodemographic and workplace-related factors. Method: A quantitative cross-sectional online survey was conducted enrolling 1201 health care providers. Data were analysed trough chi-square, Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests, where appropriate. Results: Verbal and physical aggression was experienced more frequently by nurses who were males, above the age of fifty, working in in-patient care or in 12 hours shifts or constant night shifts. The same groups of health care providers suffered more from the negative emotional consequences of violent acts. Conclusions: Aggression is a serious problem in the Hungarian health care system, therefore employees have to be prepared for these acts. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(6), 229–237.
ASPEK BIOLOGI REPRODUKSI IKAN LAYANG (Decapterus russelli) DAN IKAN BANYAR (Rastrelliger kanagurta) YANG DIDARATKAN DI REMBANG, JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Pralampita Wiwiet An , Chodriyah Umi 
Published: February 2017

Ikan layang (Decapterus russelli) dan banyar (Rastrelliger kanagurta) merupakan dua jenis ikan hasil tangkapan dominan kapal mini purse seine yang didaratkan di Rembang. Aspek biologi ikan layang dan banyar yang diteliti, meliputi sebaran ukuran panjang, perbandingan jenis kelamin, tingkat kematangan gonad dan ukuran pertama kali matang gonad pada tahun 2007. Ukuran yang dominan tertangkap untuk ikan layang 18-18,9 cm, sedangkan untuk ikan banyar 21-21,9 cm. Ikan layang dan banyar yang berkelamin jantan lebih banyak tertangkap pada ukuran lebih kecil daripada ikan yang berkelamin betina. Spesies ikan layang menunjukan bahwa ikan yang dalam kondisi matang (mature) lebih banyak ditemukan pada ikan yang berjenis kelamin betina, sedangkan spesies ikan banyar yang mempunyai tingkat kematangan gonad I, II, III, dan IV lebih banyak ditemukan pada spesies ikanyang berjenis kelamin jantan. Spesies ikan banyar yang mempunyai tingkat kematangan gonad V lebih banyak ditemukan pada spesies yang berjenis kelamin betina. Ukuran pertama kali matang gonad untuk ikan layang betina 18,97 cm dan untuk yang jantan 21,2 cm. Jenis ikan banyar berkelaminbetina ukuran pertama kali matang gonad 20,37 cm, sedangkan yang jantan 20,87 cm. Scad fish (Decapterus russelli) and mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) are two species of dominant caught by boat mini purse seine landed in Rembang. Biological aspects of and mackerel examined are the size of the length, the difference in sex, level of maturity, and gonad size of first time The dominant size caught for scad was 18-18.9 cm, while for mackerel was 21-21.9 cm. Male fishes of scad and mackerel were mostly caught in the smaller size compared to the size of female. Matured of gonad was mostly found in the female of scad fish. While in the female mackerel species having gonad maturity level of 1, 2, 3, and 4 was mostly found in male sex. Mackerel species having 5th stage of gonad maturity was mostly found in the female sex. First time of gonad matured in female scad was in size of 18.97 cm and for a male was 21.2 cm. While in female mackerel, the first time of gonad matured was 20.37 cm and for a male one was 21.2 cm.