bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do perceived job insecurity and annoyance due to air and noise pollution predict incident self-rated poor health? A prospective analysis of independent and joint associations using a German national representative cohort study
Authors: Riedel Natalie , Loerbroks Adrian , Bolte Gabriele , Li Jian 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundCurrent economic and social change has contributed to increasing job insecurity and traffic-related pollution in residential areas. Both job insecurity and exposure to noise and air pollution are known determinants of population health and can concur in peoples' lives. This may hold true particularly for socially disadvantaged subpopulations. Nevertheless, the potential independent and joint links of those exposures to health have been rarely examined so far. We aimed to contribute to the scarce body of evidence.MethodsInformation on perceived job insecurity and exposures to noise and air pollution as expressed by annoyance as well as on self-rated health were gathered from 2 waves of the population-based German Socio-Economic Panel (2009 and 2011, N=6544). We performed multivariable Poisson regression to examine the independent and joint risk of poor health in 2011 by perceived job insecurity and annoyance due to noise and air pollution in 2009.ResultsAfter the 2-year follow-up in 2011, 571 (8.7%) participants rated their health as poor. The risk of reporting incident poor health was increased by roughly 40% in employees reporting high versus low perceived job insecurity and annoyance due to noise and air pollution, respectively. This risk increased when both exposures were present at higher levels (risk ratio=1.95 (1.49 to 2.55)).ConclusionsWork-related and environmental exposures may accumulate and have a joint health impact. Elaboration on the link between occupational and residential exposures is warranted in the light of their concurrence and their implications for health inequities.
Clinical efficacy of β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations for the treatment of bloodstream infection due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producingEnterobacteriaceaein haematological patients with neutropaenia: a study protocol for a retrospective observational study (BICAR)
Authors: Gudiol C , Royo-Cebrecos C , Tebe C , Abdala E , Akova M , Álvarez R , Maestro-de la Calle G , Cano A , Cervera C , Clemente W T , Martín-Dávila P , Freifeld A , Gómez L , Gottlieb T , Gurguí M , Herrera F , Manzur A , Maschmeyer G , Meije Y , Montejo M , Peghin M , Rodríguez-Baño J , Ruiz-Camps I , Sukiennik T C , Carratalà J 
Published: January 2017

IntroductionBloodstream infection (BSI) due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Gram-negative bacilli (ESBL-GNB) is increasing at an alarming pace worldwide. Although β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor (BLBLI) combinations have been suggested as an alternative to carbapenems for the treatment of BSI due to these resistant organisms in the general population, their usefulness for the treatment of BSI due to ESBL-GNB in haematological patients with neutropaenia is yet to be elucidated. The aim of the BICAR study is to compare the efficacy of BLBLI combinations with that of carbapenems for the treatment of BSI due to an ESBL-GNB in this population.Methods and analysisA multinational, multicentre, observational retrospective study. Episodes of BSI due to ESBL-GNB occurring in haematological patients and haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with neutropaenia from 1 January 2006 to 31 March 2015 will be analysed. The primary end point will be case-fatality rate within 30 days of onset of BSI. The secondary end points will be 7-day and 14-day case-fatality rates, microbiological failure, colonisation/infection by resistant bacteria, superinfection, intensive care unit admission and development of adverse events.Sample sizeThe number of expected episodes of BSI due to ESBL-GNB in the participant centres will be 260 with a ratio of control to experimental participants of 2.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol of the study was approved at the first site by the Research Ethics Committee (REC) of Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge. Approval will be also sought from all relevant RECs. Any formal presentation or publication of data from this study will be considered as a joint publication by the participating investigators and will follow the recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE). The study has been endorsed by the European Study Group for Bloodstream Infection and Sepsis (ESGBIS) and the European Study Group for Infections in Compromised Hosts (ESGICH).
Sobha Developers Limited: Competitive Advantage through CRM
Authors: Sarathy P. Sanjay , Patro Sanjay 
Published: January 2017

Sobha Developers was a public-listed real estate company. It developed a self-sustaining integrated customer relationship management (CRM) model which was tested over a period for its robustness. Several concerns and issues were raised and business decisions were taken over these. The model enabled an increase in customer retention growth rate. The company’s vision for the next five years was to make Sobha Developers an industry leader and incorporate the integrated CRM model in every real estate company in India and Asia. Having achieved the strongest growth rate in the past few years, Sobha Developers had stabilized its real estate operations not only in Bangalore but also in other cities of India. The contract works with corporates could potentially treble the revenues of Sobha Developers in the coming two years and lend further financial strength and muscle to the company’s operations.
KB Kookmin Bank in Korea
Authors: Cho Moon-Kyung , Lee Ho-Young , Song Dan-Bee 
Published: January 2017

KB Kookmin Bank (KB) was the most prominent commercial bank in Korea. However, KB faced two challenges: declining firm performance and a lack of transparency in corporate governance at the level of its financial group, KB Financial Group (KBFG). By the end of 2012, KB was not a market leader in Korea any more. In addition, a conflict arose between the CEO and some members of the board of directors (BOD) of KBFG when an insider leaked private information to the International Shareholders Services (ISS). The insider reported that certain BOD members decreased firm value by disrupting the senior management’s strategic plan to increase the firm’s long-term competitiveness, which required attention from institutional investors. KBFG had three issues based on the inside information provided and an independent analysis. First, its CEO had been selected from outside KBFG, and he was under pressure to improve firm performance before his term was over. Second, some KBFG BOD members did not represent the interests of the company’s general shareholders, including foreign institutional investors and the National Pension Services of Korea. Finally, the heavy influence of the Korean government was culturally ingrained within the corporate governance structure of KBFG.
Engineering the Cambrian explosion: the earliest bioturbators as ecosystem engineers
Authors: Herringshaw Liam G. , Callow Richard H. T. , McIlroy Duncan 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

By applying modern biological criteria to trace fossil types and assessing burrow morphology, complexity, depth, potential burrow function and the likelihood of bioirrigation, we assign ecosystem engineering impact (EEI) values to the key ichnotaxa in the lowermost Cambrian (Fortunian). Surface traces such as
Monomorphichnus
have minimal impact on sediment properties and have very low EEI values; quasi-infaunal traces of organisms that were surficial modifiers or biodiffusors, such as
Planolites
, have moderate EEI values; and deeper infaunal, gallery biodiffusive or upward-conveying/downward-conveying traces, such as
Teichichnus
and
Gyrolithes
, have the highest EEI values. The key Cambrian ichnotaxon
Treptichnus pedum
has a moderate to high EEI value, depending on its functional interpretation. Most of the major functional groups of modern bioturbators are found to have evolved during the earliest Cambrian, including burrow types that are highly likely to have been bioirrigated. In fine-grained (or microbially bound) sedimentary environments, trace-makers of bioirrigated burrows would have had a particularly significant impact, generating advective fluid flow within the sediment for the first time, in marked contrast with the otherwise diffusive porewater systems of the Proterozoic. This innovation is likely to have created significant ecospace and engineered fundamentally new infaunal environments for macrobiotic and microbiotic organisms alike.
Risk-informed tsunami warnings
Authors: Woo Gordon 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Tsunami warning traditionally has been perceived within the scientific community as an essentially deterministic process. This may be satisfactory in regions where tsunami monitoring is very extensive and the uncertainty in tsunami forecasting is low. However, where there is significant uncertainty, the worthy aspiration to achieve a zero-tolerance policy on tsunami fatalities is set against the reduction in public alert compliance associated with previous false alerts. A risk-informed approach is presented, which outlines a decision process that allows for a decline in alert compliance due to false alerts. This risk-informed approach assesses probabilistically the tsunamigenicity of fault rupture, using data not just from historical catalogues but also the geological record. Prior probabilities could be automatically updated in real time by a Bayesian Belief Network from observations obtained in real time: earthquake depth information; pressure sensor recordings, tide gauge measurements; or visual reports of coastal inundation. A decision to issue a general evacuation warning in a specific region might be made provided the updated posterior probability reached a critical threshold.
Aberrant Phosphorylation of SMAD4 Thr277-Mediated USP9x–SMAD4 Interaction by Free Fatty Acids Promotes Breast Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Wu Yong , Yu Xiaoting , Yi Xianghua , Wu Ke , Dwabe Sami , Atefi Mohammad , Elshimali Yahya , Kemp Kevin T. , Bhat Kruttika , Haro Jesse , Sarkissyan Marianna , Vadgama Jaydutt V. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Obesity increases the risk of distant metastatic recurrence and reduces breast cancer survival. However, the mechanisms behind this pathology and identification of relevant therapeutic targets are poorly defined. Plasma free fatty acids (FFA) levels are elevated in obese individuals. Here we report that TGFβ transiently activates ERK and subsequently phosphorylates SMAD4 at Thr277, which facilitates a SMAD4–USP9x interaction, SMAD4 nuclear retention, and stimulates TGFβ/SMAD3–mediated transcription of Twist and Snail. USP9x inhibited the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TIF1γ from binding and monoubiquitinating SMAD4, hence maintaining the SMAD4 nuclear retention. FFA further facilitated TGFβ-induced ERK activation, SMAD4 phosphorylation, and nuclear retention, promoting TGFβ-dependent cancer progression. Inhibition of ERK and USP9x suppressed obesity-induced metastasis. In addition, clinical data indicated that phospho-ERK and -SMAD4 levels correlate with activated TGFβ signaling and metastasis in overweight/obese patient breast cancer specimens. Altogether, we demonstrate the vital interaction of USP9x and SMAD4 for governing TGFβ signaling and dyslipidemia-induced aberrant TGFβ activation during breast cancer metastasis. Cancer Res; 77(6); 1383–94. ©2017 AACR.
Therapeutic Efficacy of 4-1BB Costimulation Is Abrogated by PD-1 Blockade in a Model of Spontaneous B-cell Lymphoma
Authors: McKee Sara J. , Doff Brianna L. , Soon Megan S.F. , Mattarollo Stephen R. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCombinations of mAbs that target various components of T-cell activation/inhibition may work synergistically to improve antitumor immunity against cancer. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of combining an anticancer vaccination strategy with antibodies targeting an immune stimulatory (4-1BB) and immune inhibitory (PD-1) receptor, in a preclinical model of spontaneously arising c-Myc–driven B-cell lymphoma. In Eμ-myc transgenic mice, we reveal that 4-1BB agonistic mAb treatment alone was sufficient to drive antitumor immunity and prevent disease progression in 70% of mice. When combined with an α-GalCer–loaded, irradiated tumor cell vaccine, 4-1BB mAb treatment led to increased expansion of effector CD8 T-cell populations and protection of long-term surviving mice against tumor rechallenge. Unexpectedly, PD-1 blockade did not provide therapeutic benefit. The T-cell–promoting effects and antitumor activity of 4-1BB mAb were diminished when used simultaneously with a PD-1–blocking mAb. This was associated with a rapid and dramatic reduction in effector CD8+ T-cell subsets in the presence of PD-1 blockade. These findings reveal that supporting T-cell activation therapeutically is effective for controlling B-cell lymphomas; however, caution is required when combining antibody-mediated modulation of both costimulatory and coinhibitory T-cell receptors. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(3); 191–7. ©2017 AACR.
The Long Noncoding RNA Landscape of the Ischemic Human Left Ventricle
Authors: Saddic Louis A. , Sigurdsson Martin I. , Chang Tzuu-Wang , Mazaika Erica , Heydarpour Mahyar , Shernan Stanton K. , Seidman Christine E. , Seidman Jon G. , Aranki Sary F. , Body Simon C. , Muehlschlegel Jochen D. 
Published: January 2017

Background—
The discovery of functional classes of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has expanded our understanding of the variety of RNA species that exist in cells. In the heart, lncRNAs have been implicated in the regulation of development, ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy, and myocardial infarction. Nevertheless, there is a limited description of expression profiles for these transcripts in human subjects.

Methods and Results—
We obtained left ventricular tissue from human patients undergoing cardiac surgery and used RNA sequencing to describe an lncRNA profile. We then identified a list of lncRNAs that were differentially expressed between pairs of samples before and after the ischemic insult of cardiopulmonary bypass. The expression of some of these lncRNAs correlates with ischemic time. Coding genes in close proximity to differentially expressed lncRNAs and coding genes that have coordinated expression with these lncRNAs are enriched in functional categories related to myocardial infarction, including heart function, metabolism, the stress response, and the immune system.

Conclusions—
We describe a list of lncRNAs that are differentially expressed after ischemia in the human heart. These genes are predicted to function in pathways consistent with myocardial injury. As a result, lncRNAs may serve as novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for ischemic heart disease.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00985049.
Females Are Protected From Iron‐Overload Cardiomyopathy Independent of Iron Metabolism: Key Role of Oxidative Stress
Authors: Das Subhash K. , Patel Vaibhav B. , Basu Ratnadeep , Wang Wang , DesAulniers Jessica , Kassiri Zamaneh , Oudit Gavin Y. 
Published: January 2017

Background
Sex‐related differences in cardiac function and iron metabolism exist in humans and experimental animals. Male patients and preclinical animal models are more susceptible to cardiomyopathies and heart failure. However, whether similar differences are seen in iron‐overload cardiomyopathy is poorly understood.

Methods and Results

Male and female wild‐type and hemojuvelin‐null mice were injected and fed with a high‐iron diet, respectively, to develop secondary iron overload and genetic hemochromatosis. Female mice were completely protected from iron‐overload cardiomyopathy, whereas iron overload resulted in marked diastolic dysfunction in male iron‐overloaded mice based on echocardiographic and invasive pressure‐volume analyses. Female mice demonstrated a marked suppression of iron‐mediated oxidative stress and a lack of myocardial fibrosis despite an equivalent degree of myocardial iron deposition. Ovariectomized female mice with iron overload exhibited essential pathophysiological features of iron‐overload cardiomyopathy showing distinct diastolic and systolic dysfunction, severe myocardial fibrosis, increased myocardial oxidative stress, and increased expression of cardiac disease markers. Ovariectomy prevented iron‐induced upregulation of ferritin, decreased myocardial
SERCA
2a levels, and increased
NCX
1 levels. 17β‐Estradiol therapy rescued the iron‐overload cardiomyopathy in male wild‐type mice. The responses in wild‐type and hemojuvelin‐null female mice were remarkably similar, highlighting a conserved mechanism of sex‐dependent protection from iron‐overload‐mediated cardiac injury.

Conclusions
Male and female mice respond differently to iron‐overload‐mediated effects on heart structure and function, and females are markedly protected from iron‐overload cardiomyopathy. Ovariectomy in female mice exacerbated iron‐induced myocardial injury and precipitated severe cardiac dysfunction during iron‐overload conditions, whereas 17β‐estradiol therapy was protective in male iron‐overloaded mice.
Evaluation of Integrated Multisatellite Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) over Southern Canada against Ground Precipitation Observations: A Preliminary Assessment
Authors: Asong Z. E. , Razavi S. , Wheater H. S. , Wong J. S. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission offers new opportunities for modeling a range of physical/hydrological processes at higher resolutions, especially for remote river systems where the hydrometeorological monitoring network is sparse and weather radar is not readily available. In this study, the recently released Integrated Multisatellite Retrievals for GPM [version 03 (V03) IMERG Final Run] product with high spatiotemporal resolution of 0.1° and 30 min is evaluated against ground-based reference measurements (at the 6-hourly, daily, and monthly time scales) over different terrestrial ecozones of southern Canada within a 23-month period from 12 March 2014 to 31 January 2016. While IMERG and ground-based observations show similar regional variations of mean daily precipitation, IMERG tends to overestimate higher monthly precipitation amounts over the Pacific Maritime ecozone. Results from using continuous as well as categorical skill metrics reveal that IMERG shows more satisfactory agreement at the daily and the 6-hourly time scales for the months of June–September, unlike November–March. In terms of precipitation extremes (defined by the 75th percentile threshold for reference data), apart from a tendency toward overdetection of heavy precipitation events, IMERG captured well the distribution of heavy precipitation amounts and observed wet/dry spell length distributions over most ecozones. However, low skill was found over large portions of the Montane Cordillera ecozone and a few stations in the Prairie ecozone. This early study highlights a potential applicability of V03 IMERG Final Run as a reliable source of precipitation estimates in diverse water resources and hydrometeorological applications for different regions in southern Canada.
Mixing Inferred from an Ocean Climatology and Surface Fluxes
Authors: Groeskamp Sjoerd , Sloyan Bernadette M. , Zika Jan D. , McDougall Trevor J. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis study provides observation-based estimates, determined by inverse methods, of horizontal and isopycnal eddy diffusion coefficients KH and KI, respectively, the small-scale mixing coefficient D, and the diathermohaline streamfunction Ψ. The inverse solution of Ψ represents the ocean circulation in Absolute Salinity SA and Conservative Temperature Θ coordinates. The authors suggest that the observation-based estimate of Ψ will be useful for comparison with equivalent diagnostics from numerical climate models. The estimates of KH and KI represent horizontal eddy mixing in the mixed layer and isopycnal eddy mixing in the ocean interior, respectively. This study finds that the solution for D and KH are comparable to existing estimates. The solution for KI is one of the first observation-based global and full-depth constrained estimates of isopycnal mixing and indicates that KI is an order of magnitude smaller than KH. This suggests that there is a large vertical variation in the eddy mixing coefficient, which is generally not included in ocean models. With ocean models being very sensitive to the choice of isopycnal mixing, this result suggests that further investigation of the spatial structure of isopycnal eddy mixing from observations is required.
Observing System Experiments in a 3DVAR Data Assimilation System at CPTEC/INPE
Authors: de Azevedo Helena Barbieri , de Gonçalves Luis Gustavo Gonçalves , Bastarz Carlos Frederico , Silveira Bruna Barbosa 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The Center for Weather Forecast and Climate Studies [Centro de Previsão e Tempo e Estudos Climáticos (CPTEC)] at the Brazilian National Institute for Space Research [Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)] has recently operationally implemented a three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR) scheme based on the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation analysis system (GSI). Implementation of the GSI system within the atmospheric global circulation model from CPTEC/INPE (AGCM-CPTEC/INPE) is hereafter referred to as the Global 3DVAR (G3DVAR) system. The results of an observing system experiment (OSE) measuring the impacts of radiosonde, satellite radiance, and GPS radio occultation (RO) data on the new G3DVAR system are presented here. The observational impact of each of these platforms was evaluated by measuring the degradation of the geopotential height anomaly correlation and the amplification of the RMSE of the wind. Losing the radiosonde, GPS RO, and satellite radiance data in the OSE resulted in negative impacts on the geopotential height anomaly correlations globally. Nevertheless, the strongest impacts were found over the Southern Hemisphere and South America when satellite radiance data were withheld from the data assimilation system.
The Usefulness and Economic Value of Total Lightning Forecasts Made with a Dynamic Lightning Scheme Coupled with Lightning Data Assimilation
Authors: Lynn Barry H. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Total lightning probability forecasts for 26 mostly springtime days and 27 summertime days were analyzed for their usefulness and economic value. The mostly springtime forecast days had a relatively high number of severe weather reports compared with the summertime forecast days. The lightning forecasts were made with a dynamic lightning forecast scheme (DLS), and each forecast dataset used lightning assimilation to hasten convective initiation and, in most cases, to improve short-term forecasts. A spatial smoothing parameter σ of 48 km yielded more skillful, reliable, and economically valuable hourly forecasts than other values of σ. Mostly springtime forecasts were more skillful and had more hours of useful skill than summertime forecasts, but the latter still demonstrated useful skill during the first two forecast hours. The DLS forecasts were compared to those obtained with the “McCaul” diagnostic scheme, which diagnoses lightning flash data. The DLS had significantly higher fractions skill scores than the McCaul scheme for or at least one event/flash (10 min)−1. Bias values of the forecast lightning fields with both schemes were overall small. Yet, DLS forecasts started in the early summer evening with RAP data did have positive bias, which was attributed to initial conditions within the RAP. Correlating fractions skill scores for lightning and precipitation indicated that more accurate forecasts of lightning were associated with more accurate precipitation forecasts for convection with a high, but not lower, number of severe weather reports.