bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Elliptic Generalization of A1 Spherical DAHA at K = 2
Authors: Arthamonov Semeon , Shakirov Shamil 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We construct an algebra that is an elliptic generalization of $A_1$ spherical DAHA acting on its finite-dimensional module at $t=-q^{-K/2}$ with $K=2$. We prove that $PSL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ acts by automorphisms of the algebra we constructed, and provide an explicit representation of automorphisms and algebra operators alike by $3 \times 3$ matrices with matrix elements given by products of elliptic functions. A relation of this construction to the $K$-theory character of affine Laumon space is conjectured. We point out two potential applications, respectively to $SL(3,\mathbb{Z})$ symmetry of Felder–Varchenko functions and to new elliptic invariants of torus knots and Seifert manifolds.
A Longitudinal Analysis of Memory Immune Responses in Convalescent Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Survivors in Uganda
Authors: Cohen Courtney A , Balinandi Stephen , Kuehne Ana I , Rock Michelle L , Bonagofski Luke G , Ricks Keersten M , Davis Ian , Abelson Dafna , Stonier Spencer W , Odongo Matthew , Bornholdt Zachary A , Zeitlin Larry , Moyer Crystal , Cose Stephen , Dye John M , Lutwama Julius J , Herbert Andrew S 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Evaluating the adaptive immune responses to natural infection with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus (CCHFV) in human survivors is critical to the development of medical countermeasures. However, the correlates of protection are unknown. As the most prevalent tick-borne human hemorrhagic fever virus with case fatality rates of 5%–30% and worldwide distribution, there is an urgent need to fill these knowledge gaps. Here, we describe adaptive immune responses in a cohort of Ugandan CCHF survivors via serial sampling over 6 years. We demonstrate persistent antibodies after infection and cross-neutralization against various clades of authentic CCHFV, as well as potent effector function. Moreover, we show for the first time persistent, polyfunctional antigen-specific memory T-cell responses to multiple CCHFV proteins up to 9 years after infection. Together, this data provides immunological benchmarks for evaluating CCHFV medical countermeasures and information that can be leveraged toward vaccine immunogen design and viral target identification for monoclonal antibody therapies.
A retrospective propensity-score-matched cohort study of the impact of procalcitonin testing on antibiotic use in hospitalized patients during the first wave of COVID-19
Authors: Sandoe Jonathan A T , Grozeva Detelina , Albur Mahableshwar , Bond Stuart E , Brookes-Howell Lucy , Dark Paul , Euden Joanne , Hamilton Ryan , Hellyer Thomas P , Henley Josie , Hopkins Susan , Howard Philip , Howdon Daniel , Knox-Macaulay Chikezie , Llewelyn Martin J , Maboshe Wakunyambo , McCullagh Iain J , Ogden Margaret , Parsons Helena K , Partridge David G , Powell Neil , Prestwich Graham , Shaw Dominick , Shinkins Bethany , Szakmany Tamas , Thomas-Jones Emma , Todd Stacy , West Robert M , Carrol Enitan D , Pallmann Philip 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Procalcitonin (PCT) is a blood marker used to help diagnose bacterial infections and guide antibiotic treatment. PCT testing was widely used/adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK.

Objectives
Primary: to measure the difference in length of early (during first 7 days) antibiotic prescribing between patients with COVID-19 who did/did not have baseline PCT testing during the first wave of the pandemic. Secondary: to measure differences in length of hospital/ICU stay, mortality, total days of antibiotic prescribing and resistant bacterial infections between these groups.

Methods
Multi-centre, retrospective, observational, cohort study using patient-level clinical data from acute hospital Trusts/Health Boards in England/Wales. Inclusion: patients ≥16 years, admitted to participating Trusts/Health Boards and with a confirmed positive COVID-19 test between 1 February 2020 and 30 June 2020.

Results
Data from 5960 patients were analysed: 1548 (26.0%) had a baseline PCT test and 4412 (74.0%) did not. Using propensity-score matching, baseline PCT testing was associated with an average reduction in early antibiotic prescribing of 0.43 days [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22–0.64 days, P &lt; 0.001) and of 0.72 days (95% CI: 0.06–1.38 days, P = 0.03] in total antibiotic prescribing. Baseline PCT testing was not associated with increased mortality or hospital/ICU length of stay or with the rate of antimicrobial-resistant secondary bacterial infections.

Conclusions
Baseline PCT testing appears to have been an effective antimicrobial stewardship tool early in the pandemic: it reduced antibiotic prescribing without evidence of harm. Our study highlights the need for embedded, rapid evaluations of infection diagnostics in the National Health Service so that even in challenging circumstances, introduction into clinical practice is supported by evidence for clinical utility.

Study registration number
ISRCTN66682918.
Determination of Aloin A, Aloin B, and Aloe-Emodin in Raw Materials and Finished Products Using HPLC Multilaboratory Validation Study, AOAC 2016.09, Final Action
Authors: Lee Isaac , Gao Quanyin , Liu Wei , Patel Darshan , Smith Malissa , You Hong , Patel Tushar , Aylozyan Karine , Babajanian Silva , Collins Teddy , Sullivan Darryl , Chang Peter , Swanson Gary 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
A multilaboratory validation study was performed on AOAC Official Method 2016.09, for final action. Eight different laboratories throughout the world participated in the study and tested the same set of six different laboratory samples of raw materials (commercial) and formulated products (commercial), and all the laboratories successfully generated results within the acceptance criteria.

Objective
The intention of the study was to evaluate specificity, precision (variation), linearity/range, system suitability, LOD, and LOQ by multiple laboratories to satisfy the requirement for moving Official Method 2016.09 to final action status. Accuracy and ruggedness were already validated in earlier work through single-laboratory validation, and it was not necessary to include these validation parameters in the multilaboratory validation study.

Methods
Laboratory samples containing Aloe vera were sent out to participating laboratories. Each laboratory followed Official Method 2016.09 (First Action) to analyze the content of aloin A, aloin B, and aloe-emodin using HPLC. The results generated by each laboratory were collected and evaluated.

Results
The specificity results show that blank and matrix chromatograms do not contain major interfering peaks at the retention time of aloin A, aloin B, and aloe-emodin. The precision (variation) results of duplicated preparations are not more than 0.05 parts per million (ppm) different. The linearity/range results from six standards (10 parts per billion [ppb], 20 ppb, 40 ppb, 80 ppb, 160 ppb, and 500 ppb) have correlation coefficient (R) values of ≥0.999. The system suitability results meet the acceptance criteria to show the instrument validity. The LOD results show that the S/N ratios of the 10 ppb standards for all three components are about 3. The LOQ results show that the S/N ratios of 20 ppb standards for all three components are about 10.

Conclusion
The parameters (specificity, precision [variation], linearity/range, system suitability, LOD, and LOQ) have been validated and show that the test method is suitable for its intended use.

Highlights
The test method has been successfully validated by eight different laboratories around the world (United States, United Kingdom, Germany, and Canada). Each of the laboratories is managed independently by a site laboratory management team. This multilaboratory study has validated Official Method 2016.09 (First Action) and the method is fit for its intended purpose.
Impact of climate change on the geographical distribution of ticks of public health significance in Colombia: Amblyomma ovale (Ixodida: Ixodidae), the Amblyomma maculatum (Ixodida: Ixodidae) complex and the Amblyomma cajennense (Ixodida: Ixodidae) complex
Authors: Polo Gina , Gamarra Jorge , Robayo-Sánchez Laura Natalia , Cortés-Vecino Jesús A , Ramírez-Hernández Alejandro 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Ticks of the Amblyomma maculatum (Ixodida Ixodidae) complex, the Amblyomma cajennense (Ixodida Ixodidae) complex and Amblyomma ovale (Ixodida Ixodidae) are known to transmit various Rickettsia species in Colombia, but their exact distribution is unknown. We built several models based on current climate and projected future climate changes using a maximum entropy approach. A total of 314 records of the A. cajennense complex (65.9%; n = 207), A. ovale (22.9%; n = 72), and the A. maculatum complex (11.1%; n = 35) were obtained. Amblyomma ovale has a current distribution in the Pacific, Caribbean and Andean regions and could be potentially found in the Amazon. Amblyomma maculatum has a current distribution in the Andean and could potentially be found in the Caribbean and Orinoco regions. Amblyomma mixtum can be found near the Caribbean Sea and in the Pacific region, and A. patinoi is likely to be found in the Andean region and the Caribbean. In 2070, it will be possible to find an expansion of A. ovale and A. maculatum and a decrease of A. mixtum and A. patinoi. The variables that best predict the distribution of these species are isothermality (small fluctuations in temperature) and annual precipitation. Amblyomma cajennense s.l and A. ovale, A. cajennese s.l and A. patinoi, as well as A. maculatum and A. patinoi, have an important environmental sympatry. Epidemiological and acarological surveillance is crucial to investigate rickettsiosis caused by R. parkeri in A. ovale regions, by R. rickettsii in A. patinoi and A. mixtum areas, and by R. parkeri s.s in A. maculatum regions.
DFF-ChIP: a method to detect and quantify complex interactions between RNA polymerase II, transcription factors, and chromatin
Authors: Spector Benjamin M , Santana Juan F , Pufall Miles A , Price David H 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Recently, we introduced a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) technique utilizing the human DNA Fragmentation Factor (DFF) to digest the DNA prior to immunoprecipitation (DFF-ChIP) that provides the precise location of transcription complexes and their interactions with neighboring nucleosomes. Here we expand the technique to new targets and provide useful information concerning purification of DFF, digestion conditions, and the impact of crosslinking. DFF-ChIP analysis was performed individually for subunits of Mediator, DSIF, and NELF that that do not interact with DNA directly, but rather interact with RNA polymerase II (Pol II). We found that Mediator was associated almost exclusively with preinitiation complexes (PICs). DSIF and NELF were associated with engaged Pol II and, in addition, potential intermediates between PICs and early initiation complexes. DFF-ChIP was then used to analyze the occupancy of a tight binding transcription factor, CTCF, and a much weaker binding factor, glucocorticoid receptor (GR), with and without crosslinking. These results were compared to those from standard ChIP-Seq that employs sonication and to CUT&RUN which utilizes MNase to fragment the genomic DNA. Our findings indicate that DFF-ChIP reveals details of occupancy that are not available using other methods including information revealing pertinent protein:protein interactions.
Jusepe de Ribera
Authors: Friedman Hannah 
Published: September 2024

Jusepe or José de Ribera (b. 1591–d. 1652), nicknamed “lo Spagnoletto,” was a prolific painter, draftsman, and printmaker whose art was a vital part of the visual and intellectual cultures of both Italy and Spain in the first half of the seventeenth century. A shoemaker’s son from the city of Játiva in the Kingdom of Valencia, Ribera moved to Italy in 1606, and settled in Naples in 1616 after a period of residence in Rome and travels in Northern Italy and Emilia, including short residence in Parma. The focus of his art is the human figure, though one finds brief forays into landscape painting and brilliant passages of still life within his oeuvre. Unlike many of his peers in the ranks of elite painters in his day, he seems never to have worked in fresco. His considerable stylistic range, the evolution of his art over the four decades of his career, and the difficulties that these pose for securely delineating his catalogue, have been central preoccupations of Ribera scholarship. Literate without being literary, Ribera has next to no written legacy, but his art evinces connections to the period’s intellectual culture in several areas, including antiquarianism, natural science, theology, philosophy, and literature. Ribera enjoyed elite patronage from an early date, particularly from the Viceroys of Naples. Many of his signatures advertise both his Spanish (and Valencian) roots and his Italian credentials, as for instance he was a member of the Roman Accademia di San Luca and a Knight of the Order of Christ. His biography suggests a social standing combining highs and lows, in which the central motif is his success in establishing himself as the dominant artistic voice in the highly competitive (and by no means peripheral) context of Naples, where he became the head of a substantial workshop and trained or influenced many of the next generation’s foremost painters. The city’s status as the capital of a wealthy Spanish viceroyalty, and Ribera’s extensive work for the Spanish nobility and royal court, provided him with a highly placed audience and a considerable impact in Spain during his own lifetime. In scholarship, Ribera has often been perceived, both despite and because of his success in Italy, as exemplifying a kind of essential Spanishness and viewed through the lens of stereotypes regarding religion and violence in early modern Iberia. Such views however, coexist with a varied corpus of nuanced, substantive understandings of the artist.
Chromosome doubling increases PECTIN METHYLESTERASE 2 expression, biomass, and osmotic stress tolerance in kiwifruit
Authors: Zhu Yanyan , Wang Xinlei , He Yan , Liu Yajing , Wang Runze , Liu Yongsheng , Wang Songhu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Chromosome doubling-induced polyploidization is a popular tool for crop breeding. Polyploidy crops commonly have multiple advantages, including increased biomass and stress tolerance. However, little is known about the genes responsible for these advantages. We found kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis cv. Hongyang) PECTIN METHYLESTERASE 2 (AcPME2) is substantially upregulated in artificially created tetraploid plants that show increased biomass and enhanced tolerance to osmotic stress. Overexpression (OE) of AcPME2 led to increased biomass and enhanced stress tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and kiwifruit. Upon short-term osmotic stress treatment, AcPME2-OE plants showed higher levels of demethylesterified pectins and more Ca2+ accumulation in the cell wall than Col-0 plants, which led to increased cell wall stiffness. The stress-induced plasmolysis assays indicated that AcPME2 dynamically mediated the cell wall stiffness in response to osmotic stress, which is dependent on Ca2+ accumulation. Transcriptomic analysis discovered that dozens of stress-responsive genes were significantly upregulated in the AcPME2-OE plants under osmotic stress. Besides, AcPME2-mediated cell wall reinforcement prevented cell wall collapse and deformation under osmotic stress. Our results revealed a single gene contributes to two advantages of polyploidization (increased biomass and osmotic stress tolerance) and that AcPME2 dynamically regulates cell wall stiffness in response to osmotic stress.
The soybean NUCLEAR FACTOR-Y C4 and α-EXPANSIN 7 module influences phosphorus uptake by regulating root morphology
Authors: Liu Xiaoqian , Cai Yupeng , Yao Weiwei , Chen Li , Hou Wensheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) is a globally important crop; however, its productivity is severely impacted by phosphorus (P) deficiency. Understanding the transcriptional regulation of low P (LP) response mechanisms is essential for enhancing soybean P use efficiency. In this study, we found that the Nuclear Factor-Y (NF-Y) transcription factor GmNF-YC4, in addition to its previously discovered role in regulating flowering time, possesses other functions in modulating root morphology and P uptake. Knockout of GmNF-YC4 notably boosted root proliferation and P uptake while also influencing the expression of genes related to LP stress. GmNF-YC4 acts as a specific DNA-binding transcriptional repressor, modulating the expression of the soybean α-EXPANSIN 7 (GmEXPA7) gene, which encodes a cell-wall-loosening factor, through direct binding to its promoter region. Further investigation revealed that GmEXPA7 expression is predominantly root-specific and induced by LP. Moreover, overexpression of GmEXPA7 in soybean hairy roots enhanced LP tolerance by stimulating root growth and P uptake. We further screened and obtained more potential target genes of GmNF-YC4 via DNA affinity purification sequencing, including those related to LP stress. These findings underscore the pivotal role of the GmNF-YC4-GmEXPA7 module as a key regulator in mitigating LP stress in soybeans.
Demographic and socio-economic inequalities in subjective wellbeing: analysis of repeated cross-sectional health surveys in England 2010–2019
Authors: Castelletti C , Ogunlayi F , Miret M , Lara E , Oyebode O. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Good subjective wellbeing (SWB) is a key societal aspiration. The study of SWB determinants is of increasing interest. The present study aimed to examine national inequalities in SWB, and trends in these inequalities, for England across five demographic (sex and age) and socio-economic (educational level, household income and living alone) characteristics.

Method
The relative index of inequalities (RII) and slope index of inequalities (SII) were calculated from repeated cross-sectional data from the Health Survey for England from 2010 to 2019 (excluding 2017 and 2018 as our outcome variable was not collected in these years), in a total of 90 236 participants aged 16+. SWB was assessed using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS), treated as a dichotomous variable with high and low levels of SWB &gt; 40 and ≤ 40, respectively.

Results
There were significant inequalities in SWB by income (RII from 1.086 to 1.116), educational level (RII from 0.893 to 0.941) and between people living alone or not (RII from 0.908 to 0.937). The RII and SII trends were not statistically significant.

Conclusions
Higher socio-economic status could play a protective role for SWB, and people in the most deprived socio-economic positions may be at higher risk for low SWB. These associations have remained stable over time.
No Free Lunch? Welfare Analysis of Firms Selling Through Expert Intermediaries
Authors: Grennan Matthew , Myers Kyle R , Swanson Ashley , Chatterji Aaron 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We study how firms target and influence expert intermediaries. In our context, pharmaceutical manufacturers provide payments to physicians during promotional interactions. We develop an identification strategy based on plausibly exogenous variation in payments driven by differential exposure to spillovers from AMC CoI policies. Using a case study of an important class of cardiovascular drugs, we estimate heterogeneous effects of payments on prescribing, with firms targeting highly responsive physicians. We also develop a model of supply and demand, which allows us to quantify how oligopoly prices reduce drug prescribing, and how payments move prescribing closer to the optimal level, but at great financial cost. In our estimated model, whether consumers are harmed by payments depends on whether there is substantial under-prescribing due to behavioural or other frictions. In a final exercise, we calibrate such frictions using clinical data and estimate that payments benefit consumers in this case study.
Climate change's implications for practice
Authors: Mueller Kenneth , Allstrom Heather , Smith Daniel J. , Downes Elizabeth , Modly Lori A. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Climate change is the greatest threat to global health. As climate change worsens, heat waves will be longer, more intense, and more frequent. Increased health risks from climate change and heat waves include heat-related illness (HRI). HRI increases ED visits, hospitalizations, and mortality. Healthcare providers should be aware of the impact of medications on risk for HRI. This article elucidates signs and symptoms, populations at risk, drugs and mechanisms that increase risk, and patient education to reduce risk.
Mitigating and preventing perioperative opioid-related harm
Authors: Harbell Monica W. , Cohen Jonathan , Balfanz Greg , Methangkool Emily 
Published: September 2024

Purpose of reviewAlthough necessary for treatment of acute pain, opioids are associated with significant harm in the perioperative period and further intervention is necessary perioperatively to mitigate opioid-related harm.Recent findingsOpioid-naive patients are often first exposed to opioids when undergoing surgery, which can result in significant harm. Despite their benefits in reducing acute postsurgical pain, they are also associated with risks ranging from mild (e.g., pruritis, constipation, nausea) to potentially catastrophic (e.g. opioid-induced ventilatory impairment, respiratory depression, death). Overprescribing of opioids can lead to opioid diversion and drug driving. In this review, we will discuss opioid-related harm and what strategies can be used perioperatively to mitigate this harm. Interventions such as optimizing nonopioid analgesia, implementing Enhanced Recovery after Surgery programs, effective respiratory monitoring, patient education and opioid stewardship programs will be discussed.SummaryWe will review policy and guidelines regarding perioperative opioid management and identify challenges and future directions to mitigate opioid-related harm.