bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of a dietary supplementation with linseed oil and selenium to growing rabbits on their productive performances, carcass traits and fresh and cooked meat quality
Authors: Matics Zs. , Cullere M. , Szín M. , Gerencsér Zs. , Szabó A. , Fébel H. , Odermatt M. , Radnai I. , Dalle Zotte A. , Szendrő Zs. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThe present experiment tested a dietary supplementation with linseed oil and selenium to growing rabbits. The basal diet (B) contained 3% sunflower oil, while it was substituted with 3% linseed oil in the experimental feed (S). The selenium (Se) content of the two diets was 0.10 vs. 0.46 mg/kg. Rabbits were fed with B diet from the age of 18 days. One group was fed with the B diet until 11 weeks of age (group B), whereas the experimental groups were fed with S diet for 1, 2, 3 or 4 weeks (groups S1, S2, S3 and S4, respectively), before slaughtering (11 weeks of age). Live performance and carcass traits of rabbits, fatty acid (FA) profile and selenium content of their hind leg (HL) and Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) meat were considered in this study. In addition, the effect of two different cooking methods on the nutritional value of the enriched HL meat was also assessed. The tested dietary supplementation only minimally affected the live performance and carcass traits of rabbits. The S supplementation significantly reduced the Σ n‐6 FA and increased the Σ n‐3 FA of the HL meat and LTL meat, compared to the B diet (p < 0.001); thus, n‐6/n‐3 ratio was improved (p < 0.001). In addition, HL meat and LTL meat of S fed rabbits were significantly enriched in Se reaching a twofold increase in both meat cuts (p < 0.01). Therefore, the S supplementation improved the functional value of the rabbit meat. The heat treatment affected cooking loss, Se and vitamin E contents as well as the oxidative status of the HL meat (p < 0.001), with the different cooking methods providing different results. In addition, even if the beneficial C20:5 n‐3 and C22:6 n‐3 decreased with cooking, the n‐6/n‐3 ratio remained unaffected.
Compounding
Authors: Punske Jeffrey 
Published: August 2016

AbstractCompounding presents a puzzle both empirically and theoretically to a number of different linguistic frameworks. While the general pattern of compounds is easily accounted for, exceptional forms abound. Because of these exceptions, there is no universally agreed upon definition for “compound”, nor is there total agreement that compounding is actually a process of language. This paper examines the syntax and semantics of compounds including topics of: endocentricity vs. exocentricity, compound stress, and inflectional morphology in compounds. It charts the history and development of thought on compounding through some very challenging data.
Landscape genetics of a pollinator longhorn beetle [Typocerus v. velutinus(Olivier)] on a continuous habitat surface
Authors: Abdel Moniem H. E. M. , Schemerhorn B. J. , DeWoody J. A. , Holland J. D. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractLandscape connectivity, the degree to which the landscape structure facilitates or impedes organismal movement and gene flow, is increasingly important to conservationists and land managers. Metrics for describing the undulating shape of continuous habitat surfaces can expand the usefulness of continuous gradient surfaces that describe habitat and predict the flow of organisms and genes. We adopted a landscape gradient model of habitat and used surface metrics of connectivity to model the genetic continuity between populations of the banded longhorn beetle [Typocerus v. velutinus(Olivier)] collected at 17 sites across a fragmentation gradient in Indiana,USA. We tested the hypothesis that greater habitat connectivity facilitates gene flow between beetle populations against a null model of isolation by distance (IBD). We used next‐generation sequencing to develop 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci and genotype the individual beetles to assess the population genetic structure. Isolation by distance did not explain the population genetic structure. The surface metrics model of habitat connectivity explained the variance in genetic dissimilarities 30 times better than theIBDmodel. We conclude that surface metrology of habitat maps is a powerful extension of landscape genetics in heterogeneous landscapes.
Local endemism and within‐island diversification of shrews illustrate the importance of speciation in building Sundaland mammal diversity
Authors: Demos Terrence C. , Achmadi Anang S. , Giarla Thomas C. , Handika Heru , Maharadatunkamsi   , Rowe Kevin C. , Esselstyn Jacob A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIsland systems are important models for evolutionary biology because they provide convenient, discrete biogeographic units of study. Continental islands with a history of intermittent dry land connections confound the discrete definitions of islands and have led zoologists to predict (i) little differentiation of terrestrial organisms among continental shelf islands and (ii) extinction, rather than speciation, to be the main cause of differences in community composition among islands. However, few continental island systems have been subjected to well‐sampled phylogeographic studies, leaving these biogeographic assumptions of connectivity largely untested. We analysed nine unlinked loci from shrews of the genusCrocidurafrom seven mountains and two lowland localities on the Sundaic continental shelf islands of Sumatra and Java. Coalescent species delimitation strongly supported all currently recognizedCrociduraspecies from Sumatra (six species) and Java (five species), as well as one undescribed species endemic to each island. We find that nearly all species ofCrocidurain the region are endemic to a single island and several of these have their closest relative(s) on the same island. Intra‐island genetic divergence among allopatric, conspecific populations is often substantial, perhaps indicating species‐level diversity remains underestimated. One recent (Pleistocene) speciation event generated two morphologically distinct, syntopic species on Java, further highlighting the prevalence of within‐island diversification. Our results suggest that both between‐ and within‐island speciation processes generated local endemism in Sundaland, supplementing the traditional view that the region's fauna is relictual and primarily governed by extinction.
Identifying the essential components of cultural competence in a Chinese nursing context: A qualitative study
Authors: Cai Duanying , Kunaviktikul Wipada , Klunklin Areewan , Sripusanapan Acharaporn , Avant Patricia Kay 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis qualitative study using semi‐structured interviews was conducted to identify the essential components of cultural competence from the perspective of Chinese nurses. A purposive sample of 20 nurse experts, including senior clinical nurses, nurse administrators, and educators in transcultural nursing, was recruited. Using thematic analysis, four themes: awareness, attitudes, knowledge, and skills, with two subthemes for each, were identified. Notably, culture in China was understood in a broad way. The participants’ responses focused upon demographic attributes, individuality, and efforts to facilitate quality care rather than on the cultural differences of ethnicity and race and developing the capacity to change discrimination or health disparities. A greater understanding of cultural competence in the Chinese nursing context, in which a dominant cultural group exists, is essential to facilitate the provision of culturally competent care to diverse populations.
The endodermis as a checkpoint for nutrients
Authors: Barberon Marie 
Published: August 2016

SummaryPlant roots forage the soil for nutrients and transport them upwards to the aerial parts. Nutrients entering the plant are transported through the concentric layers of epidermis, cortex and endodermis before reaching the central vasculature. The endodermis is the innermost cortical cell layer that surrounds the vasculature. The endodermis forms barriers, the Casparian strips and suberin lamellae, which have been assumed to play a major role in controlling nutrient acquisition. However, the molecular network controlling its differentiation has started to be investigated only recently, giving an unprecedented opportunity to address the role of these barriers in plant nutrition. This insight aims to present recent advances regarding endodermis differentiation, its function as a barrier for nutrients and its developmental plasticity, all pointing to a pivotal role of the endodermis as a checkpoint for nutrients.

Contents

Summary
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I.
Introduction
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II.
Endodermal differentiation
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III.
The endodermis as a barrier
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IV.
Endodermal plasticity to nutrients
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V.
Conclusions
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Acknowledgements
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References
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Compatibility of Radiofrequency Surgical Sponge Detection Technology with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices and Temporary Pacemakers
Authors: SALCEDO JONATHAN D. , PRETORIUS VICTOR G. , HSU JONATHAN C. , LALANI GAUTAM G. , SCHRICKER AMIR A. , HEBSUR SHRINIVAS M. , McGARRY THOMAS J. , HUNTER JESSICA A. , LEWIS KATHRYN E. , KRUMMEN DAVID E. , FELD GREGORY K. , BIRGERSDOTTER‐GREEN ULRIKA 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundRadiofrequency (RF) technology has improved detection of retained surgical sponges with a reported 100% sensitivity and specificity. However, the potential for interactions of the RF signals emitted by the detection system with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) or temporary pacemakers may limit its use in those patients with these devices. This study investigated whether RF detection technology causes interference or clinically significant changes in the programmed settings of implanted pacemakers and defibrillators or temporary epicardial pacemakers.MethodsFifty patients who were scheduled either for CIED removal or placement of a temporary epicardial pacemaker (at the time of open heart surgery) were recruited for this study. Device settings and measurements from separate interrogations before and after scanning with the RF detection system were compared. For the temporary pacemakers, we observed for any changes in hemodynamics or signs of pacing interference.ResultsTwenty (40%) pacemakers, 20 (40%) implantable cardioverter defibrillators, and 10 (20%) temporary pacemakers were analyzed in this study. During scanning, no signal interference was detected in any permanent device, and there were no significant changes in programmed settings after scanning with the RF detection system. However, pacing inhibition was detected with temporary pacing systems when programmed to a synchronous mode (DDD).ConclusionsRF detection technology can be safely used to scan for retained surgical sponges in patients with permanent CIEDs and temporary pacemakers set to asynchronous mode.
Real‐World Assessment of Acute Left Ventricular Lead Implant Success and Complication Rates: Results from the Attain Success Clinical Trial
Authors: HUMMEL JOHN D. , COPPESS MARK A. , OSBORN JEFFREY S. , YEE RAYMOND , FUNG JEFFREY W.H. , AUGOSTINI RALPH , LI SHELBY , HINE DOUGLAS , SINGH JAGMEET P. 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundLeft ventricular lead (LVL) implant success rates have historically ranged between 70.5% and 95.5%. To date, there are few large studies that evaluate LVL implant success utilizing a single family of delivery catheters and leads. The Attain Success study was a prospective nonrandomized multicenter global study with the main objectives of assessing single‐system LVL implant success and complication rates.MethodsPatients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy implantation were eligible for enrollment. There was no prespecified level of experience for investigator participation. LVL implant success and complication rates were assessed though 3 months of follow‐up.ResultsA total of 2,014 patients (69.1 ± 12.0 years, 71% male and 38% atrial fibrillation) were enrolled from 114 centers with a follow‐up of 3.5 ± 2.1 months. Coronary sinus cannulation success rate was 96.4% with Attain Family delivery catheters. Implant success rate for Attain Family leads using Attain Family catheters was 94.0%; overall LVL implant success rate was 97.1%. Median procedure time was 4 minutes for cannulation and 9 minutes for LVL placement. Median fluoroscopy time was 17 minutes and median contrast used was 25 cc. There were 55 catheter or LVL‐related complications in 53 subjects; the majority were LVL dislodgements (34, 1.7%) and extracardiac stimulation (11, 0.5%). The Kaplan‐Meier estimate of the 3‐month complication probability was 2.6%.ConclusionThis study represents the largest prospective evaluation of LVL implantation to date, revealing a high LVL implant success rate and low complication rate using a single family of leads and delivery catheters.
Transcriptional and nontranscriptional events are involved in photic entrainment of the circadian clock in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus
Authors: Kutaragi Yuki , Miki Taiki , Bando Tetsuya , Tomioka Kenji 
Published: August 2016

AbstractMost insects show daily activity rhythms that are controlled by endogenous circadian clocks. A basic property of the clock is entrainment to daily environmental cycles to run with an exact 24‐h period. The entrainment is achieved mainly through resetting by light. The present study analyses the light resetting mechanism of the clock in first‐instar nymphal and adult crickets Gryllus bimaculatus (De Geer). A 3‐h light pulse given at early subjective night and late subjective night causes a phase delay and an advance, respectively, of adult locomotor rhythms. The magnitude of the shift caused by the light pulse at circadian time 12 h in constant darkness is significantly smaller than that caused by a 3‐h extension of light phase. Measurement of mRNA levels during the light‐induced phase shifts yielded basically similar results for nymphs and adults. When a 3‐h light pulse is given at early night by light phase extension, an increase of Pdp1 occurs, which is followed by upregulation of the genes Clk and subsequently by per and tim. These changes are eliminated by RNA interference of opsin‐long wavelength, which is expressed in the compound eye and encodes a green‐sensitive opsin, the major photoreceptor for photic entrainment of the clock. No clear changes in mRNA levels are observed for light pulses given at late subjective night or at early subjective night after 24 h of constant darkness. These results suggest that the photic entrainment mechanism of the clock may be shared by nymphal and adult crickets, including transcriptional and nontranscriptional events.
Genomewide analysis of bull sperm quality and fertility traits
Authors: Puglisi R , Gaspa G , Balduzzi D , Severgnini A , Vanni R , Macciotta NPP , Galli A 
Published: August 2016

ContentsBecause the priority of AI industry is to identify subfertile bulls, a predictive model that allowed for the prediction of 91% bulls of low fertility was implemented based on seminological (motility) parameters and DNA status assessed both as DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and by TUNEL assay using sperm of 105 Holstein–Friesian bulls (four batches per bull) selected based on in vivo estimated relative conception rates (ERCR). Thereafter, sperm quality and male fertility traits of bulls were explored by GWAS using a high‐density (777K) Illumina chip. After data editing, 85 bulls and 591,988 SNPs were retained for GWAS. Of 12 SNPs with false discovery rate <0.2, four SNPs located on BTA28 and BTA18 were significantly associated (LD‐adjusted Bonferroni <0.05) with the non‐compensatory sperm parameters DFI and TUNEL. Other SNPs of interest for potential association with TUNEL were found on BTA3, in the same chromosome where associations with non‐compensatory in vivo bull fertility were already reported. Further suggestive SNPs for sperm membrane integrity were located on BTA28, the chromosome where QTL studies previously reported associations with sperm quality traits. Suggestive SNPs for ERCR were found on BTA18 in the vicinity of a site already associated with in vivo bull fertility. Additional SNPs associated with ERCR and sperm kinetic parameters were also identified. In contrast to other, but very few GWAS on fertility traits in bovine spermatozoa, which reported significant SNPs located on BTX, we have not identified SNPs of interest in this sexual chromosome.
Elevating glucose and insulin secretion by carbohydrate formulation diets in late lactation to improve post‐weaning fertility in primiparous sows
Authors: Chen TY , Lines D , Dickson C , Go C , Kirkwood RN , Langendijk P 
Published: August 2016

ContentsPrimiparous (P1) sows commonly lose excessive body reserves to meet energy requirements for maintenance and milk production during lactation, and consequently, post‐weaning reproductive performance may be compromised. The present studies determined whether ad libitum feeding a glucogenic carbohydrate diet (CHO) during late lactation could stimulate insulin and glucose secretion (experiment 1) and improve subsequent litter size (experiment 2). For experiment 1, 15 P1 sows, and for experiment 2, 99 P1 sows (198.5 ± 2.7 kg) were allocated randomly according to suckled litter size (≥10 piglets), either to a CHO diet (14.3 MJ DE/kg, 19.8% crude protein) or a standard lactation diet (control; 14.2 DE MJ/kg, 19.5% crude protein) at 8 days before weaning. The CHO diet aimed to provide glucogenic content (extruded wheat, dextrose and sugar) as energy sources instead of fat sources without changing total dietary energy. Pre‐prandial plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were not influenced by treatments. However, post‐prandial plasma glucose and insulin concentrations and their peaks were both higher (p < .05) compared to the control treatment. Body weight loss during lactation was relatively low at 3%–4% for both treatments and did not differ between control and CHO treatments (−7.6 ± 1.6 vs −5.4 ± 1.2 kg; p > .05). Second litter size was not influenced by diet (p > .05), but the weaning‐to‐mating interval was shorter in CHO sows (p < .05). This study demonstrates that providing an enriched CHO diet in late lactation did influence post‐weaning follicle growth but did not improve subsequent litter size. This may be due to the primiparous sows in this study not experiencing severe negative energy balance and there was no second litter syndrome in this farm which limited the ability of diet to improve sow fertility.
Small‐scale field experiments provide important insights to restore the rock habitat of Australia's most endangered snake
Authors: Goldingay Ross L. , Newell David A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHabitat disturbance poses a major threat to biodiversity worldwide. The broad‐headed snake (Hoplocephalus bungaroides) has become Australia's most endangered snake due to a dependence on rock habitats that are subject to high rates of human‐induced degradation. The permanence of degradation can only be reversed by outcrop restoration. We constructed experimental outcrops near (<150 m) and far (>500 m) from roads and walking trails (access points). We tested two hypotheses over a 14‐year period: that outcrop restoration can restore habitat quality, and that the frequency of outcrop degradation is influenced by distance from access points. We confirmed that habitat value was restored: lizard prey of the broad‐headed snake was more abundant in constructed compared to natural outcrops; broad‐headed snakes were detected equally in constructed and natural outcrops. Disturbance to constructed outcrops occurred more often and was more severe at near compared to far outcrops. The probability of occupancy by broad‐headed snakes was 0.75 ± 0.13 in 29 far outcrops compared to 0.41 ± 0.11 in 35 near outcrops, suggesting a response to disturbance and more frequent poaching at near outcrops. Habitat restoration for the broad‐headed snake should have its greatest value at locations far from access points. Restricting access should be a principal strategy to manage rock outcrop ecosystems. Outcrop disturbance is not unique to Australia. These findings have relevance to management of rock outcrops worldwide. Habitat restoration is an expensive conservation tool for endangered species, particularly if unsuccessful. Small‐scale restoration experiments that aim to refine procedures should precede large‐scale restoration.
Bronchiectasis in yellow nail syndrome
Authors: Woodfield Georgia , Nisbet Mitzi , Jacob Joe , Mok Wing , Loebinger Michael R. , Hansell David M. , Wells Athol U. , Wilson Robert 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Background and objectiveYellow nail syndrome (YNS) is a rare and poorly described disease process. In this case–control study, clinical features and findings on HRCT were compared with idiopathic bronchiectasis (IBx).MethodsA review of all patients attending an adult bronchiectasis clinic between 2007 and 2013 identified 25 YNS patients. IBx patients were matched in a 2:1 ratio for age, duration of symptoms and gender.ResultsMedian age of onset was 53 years. There were 12 male and 23 Caucasian YNS patients. Respiratory manifestations included chronic productive cough (100%), chronic rhinosinusitis (88%), pleural effusions (20%) and lymphoedema (12%). Chest symptoms preceded yellow nails in the majority (68%). Abnormal nails persisted at follow‐up in 23 of 25 patients but improved in 14.In both disorders, there was symmetrical, predominantly lower lobe bronchiectasis on HRCT. Extent (P = 0.04), severity (P = 0.03) and bronchial wall thickness (P = 0.05) scores were lower in YNS, with less upper and middle lobe disease. Multivariate analysis showed an independent association with increased mucus plugging in YNS. There was a similar prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and mild lung function abnormalities.ConclusionBronchiectasis in YNS is less severe than IBx but is associated with increased mucus plugging, onset is in middle age and there is no female predominance. Treatment targeted at improved secretion clearance may improve both chest and nail symptoms, with consideration of long‐term macrolide antibiotics.
Communities of Place? New Evidence for the Role of Distance and Population Size in Community Attachment
Authors: McKnight Matthew L. , Sanders Scott R. , Gibbs Benjamin G. , Brown Ralph B. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHistorically, ecological features of a community, such as population size, were considered fundamental aspects of the community experience. Yet methodological advances and the rise of globalization have challenged many classical assumptions rooted in the ecological tradition. Using recent data—the Montana Health Matters Study 2010 (N = 3,508)—we explore whether community attachment links with distance and population size in Montana. Surprisingly, a statistically significant relationship to community attachment appears only when distance from urban centers and community population size are modeled together. Perceived quality of community services partly explains this relationship, but only for the distance measure. Altogether, as globalization is undoubtedly transforming rural life, we argue that “communities of place” may still endure when distance to urban centers and population size are simultaneously accounted for.