bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adult Hymenolepis nana and its excretory-secretory products elicit mouse immune responses via Tuft/IL-13 signaling pathway
Authors: Mou Rong , Cui Xuan-Yin , Luo Yu-Si , Cheng Yi , Luo Qing-Yuan , Zhang Zhen-Fen , Wu Wen-Lan , Li Jinfu , Zhang Ke 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Hosts typically elicit diverse immune responses to the infection of various parasitic worms, with intestinal tuft cells playing a pivotal role in detecting parasite invasion. Hymenolepis nana (H. nana), a zoonotic parasitic worm, resides in the host's intestine. The contribution and underlying mechanisms of tuft cell-mediated immune reactions against H. nana remain unexplored.
Methods
This study endeavors to examine the immune responses in the mouse intestine elicited by the adult H. nana and its excretory-secretory products (ESP). Detection of various intestinal cell counts and cytokine changes using IHC, IF, RT-qPCR, etc.
Results
The presence of adult H. nana and its ESP enhances the population of tuft cells and goblet cells while fostering the production of type 2 cytokines, particularly IL-13. Furthermore, the surge in Paneth cells triggered by H. nana aids in maintaining intestinal stem cells homeostasis. Notably, RCM-1, the specific IL-13 inhibitor, dampens intestinal stem cells differentiation and type 2 cytokine secretion, potentially impeding the host's capacity to eliminate H. nana.
Conclusions
In conclusion, the adult H. nana and its ESP stimulate the immune responses from the mouse intestinal mucosa via the Tuft/IL-13 signaling pathway, facilitating the expulsion of H. nana from the host.
Intestinal Flora Modulates Blood Glucose via Regulating the Secretion of GLP-1 Induced by Propionate in mouse models of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Geng Huizhen , Zhou Wei , Zhu Baoping , Deng Songqing , Yang Juan , Zhao Shanshan , Wang Dongyu , Wang Zilian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Intestinal flora has been reported to be associated with metabolic homeostasis. However, the detailed functions of intestinal flora in GDM pathogenesis have not yet been fully elucidated. To investigate the roles and mechanisms of intestinal flora in GDM development.
Materials and Methods: We used high fat diet (HFD) to induce mouse models of GDM. The composition, metabolic characteristics and roles of the intestinal florawere investigated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, targeted metabolomics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. The specific mechanism was analyzed mainly using cell cultures, transfection, western blot.
Results: We found HFD successfully induced mouse models of GDM, particularly increased the weight, blood glucose, and decreased GLP-1 concentration in C57BL/6 female mice. The composition and metabolism of intestinal flora in GDM individuals were also significantly changed, including the increased Firmicutes and reduced α-diversity and propionate levels, which negatively correlated with blood glucose. After transplanting the intestinal flora of GDM mice, propionate, GLP-1 secretion and glucose had corresponding changes. By adjusting the diet, especially increasing the intake of OFS, the composition and metabolism of gut microbiota could be reshaped, which further affected GLP-1 secretion and blood glucose. Then, we found that wnt/β-catenin/TCF7L2 signaling pathway participated in the regulation of GLP-1 by propionate.
Conclusions: The composition of intestinal flora in GDM mice changed and thereby reduced its metabolite propionate in the intestine, further inhibiting of Wnt /β-catenin/TCF7L2 signaling pathway, resulting in decrease of GLP-1 secretion and increase of blood glucose. These findings suggested gut microbiota may be used as a potential target for the treatment of GDM.
Rapid Tactical Deployment Capability of a Transportable Optical Ground Station
Authors: McCann Ayden , Walsh Shane , Maron Nicolas , Gozzard David , McSorley Shawn , Schediwy Sascha 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In this paper we present TeraNet 3 (TN-3), a transportable optical ground station (TOGS) comprising the third node of the TeraNet optical ground station network in development by the University of Western Australia (UWA). In an effort to improve on the versatility granted by existing TOGS systems, TN-3 is capable of rapid and precise star-based calibration in daytime conditions in the absence of stability hardware. By using a consumer-grade inertial measurement unit and dual camera system, the TOGS can be deployed and ready for free space optical communications (FSOC) to low Earth orbit (LEO) within 5-10 minutes from arrival on-site. In testing the system has demonstrated on-sky root mean square (RMS) pointing errors of 3.54 arcseconds (17.2 µrad) and a mean RMS closed-loop tracking error of 1.14 arcseconds (5.54 µrad) across multiple LEO satellite passes. By eliminating the need for site-specific requirements like external power or level terrain, the design of TN-3 facilitates flexible deployment in remote locations. These capabilities introduce a range of novel ’tactical deployment’ scenarios, such as rapidly re-establishing communications in disaster-affected areas, communications operations in contested or GPS-denied environments, disrupting adversarial quantum communications, and utilizing the system’s 17-inch telescope for strategic space situational awareness observations. The versatility of the system is further bolstered by direct compatibility with UWA’s existing pointing, acquisition, and tracking systems for FSOC links to land-, air-, and sea-based targets. Together, these capabilities greatly extend the operational versatility granted by existing TOGS systems.
Understanding the Bi-Axial Strain Influence on Mn3Si2Te6 : A DFT Study of Electronic, Magnetic, Optical, and Thermoelectric Properties
Authors: Awan Mazhar Haleem 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The increasing focus on sustainable and renewable energy sources has boosted the demand for double perovskites in applications such as solar cells and thermoelectric energy converters. In the recent study, understanding the bi-axial strain influence on Mn3Si 2Te6 (MST): DFT study of electronic, magnetic, optical, and thermoelectric properties were systematically analyzed by using the WIEN2K code. The electronic nature was found to be highly sensitive to external electric fields under biaxial strain engineering. Experimentally, MST show the metallic nature while in DFT study of strain engineering the material become half-semimetal at 5% tensile strain with indirect bandgap of 0.732 eV at the Γ − κ symmetry point with SCF (self-consistent field) calculation and more accurate the indirect bandgap of 1.24 eV under TB-mBJ approximation. It was observed that, the compressive strain reduces the bandgap, while tensile strain increases it. The optical property predictions indicate that MST exhibits absorption in the ultraviolet and visible regions, with a blue shift under tensile strain and a red shift under compressive strain. In the absorption coefficient of SOC (Spin orbit coupling), the black line show the maximum absorption in xx plane in between visible region of 1.6 eV to 3.2 eV. The thermoelectric performance was evaluated over the temperature range of 300-800 K of MST compound under strain engineering were investigated by BoltzTraP Code including features i.e Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, power factor, and figure of merit (ZT). The Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity generally decrease with increasing temperature, while thermal conductivity typically increases. The thermoelectric performance was evaluated over the temperature range of 300-800 K using the figure of merit (ZT). The ZT values approached unity, and the ultralow lattice thermal conductivity enhances the significance of these double perovskites for use in thermoelectric generators. Under strain engineering of MST material, the highest value of ZT in n-type region at 0.723 while lowest value of ZT in p-type region at 0.716 by computationally anaylsis.
Binding mechanisms of Y and HREE sorption on birnessite: New insights into the formation and sustainable development of regolith-hosted REE deposits
Authors: Feng Yuzhou , Chen Huayong , Pan Yuanming , Deevsalar Reza , Cheung Leo Ka Long , Tunc Ayetullah , Cao Kenan , Zhu Yuxiang , Feng Renfei , Shakouri Mohsen , Xiao Qunfeng , Chen Ning , Xiao Bing , Zheng Hui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Regolith-hosted rare-earth-element (REE) deposits are the world’s primary source of heavy REEs (HREEs) critical to the global clean-energy transition. Previous studies suggested that REEs in regolith-hosted deposits are largely inherited from their parent granites. However, several HREE-dominated deposits occur in the weathering crusts of LREE-enriched granites, where the mechanisms of REE fractionation remain poorly understood. Also, the conventional mining method of regolith-hosted REE deposits has limited efficiencies in REE recovery while causing enormous environmental contaminations. Herein we have investigated the distribution and speciation of Y and REEs in three representative regolith-hosted REE deposits (i.e., Gucheng and Shangyou, HREE-dominated; and Renju, LREE-dominated) as well as Y-sorbed birnessite from batch experiments. Our results show that birnessite in all three deposits is a minor constituent but contains anomalously high REE concentrations, and contributes to 25.3%, 23.4%, and 26.5% of the HREE contents of mineralized saprolites. Measured Y K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopic data suggest that Y3+ (representing HREE3+) is adsorbed on birnessite as YO8 complexes in all three deposits but via different linkages: i.e., the bidentate corner-sharing mode in the HREE-dominated deposits but a mixture of both bidentate corner-sharing and edge-sharing modes in the LREE-dominated deposit. These binding mechanisms are also observed in Y-sorbed birnessite prepared at different ionic strengths. Therefore, different binding mechanisms of Y and HREE sorption on birnessite together with its preferential adsorption of HREE not only are responsible for the formation of HREE-dominated deposits from LREE-enriched granites but have important implications for the sustainable development of regolith-hosted REE deposits.
Agrophysiological responses of bread wheat to raised-bed planting and irrigation level
Authors: Momtazi Farahnaz , Miri Hamidreza , Jafari Haghighi Barmak , Jafari Abdolreza , Ebrahimi Hamidreza 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
To investigate the response of wheat to drought stress under different plantation systems, two field experiments were carried out in 2021/22 and 2022/23 in Arsanjan, Iran. The main plot was three different plantation systems (flat planting, 60, and 120 cm raised beds) and the sub plots were irrigation levels at 100% (control), 80% (medium stress), and 60% (severe stress) of crop evapotranspiration. Raised bed planting increased grain yield by 24% compared to flat cultivation. This increase for biological yield was about 17%, the number of ears was 7%, and the number of seeds per ear was 21%. Drought stress caused a significant decrease in grain yield (46.4%), number of ears (20.5%), seed number (30.3%), biological yield (45.9%), chlorophyll a (31.8%), chlorophyll b (28.1%) and relative water content (5.3%) and increased, proline content (24.3%) and ion leakage (147.3%). Water use efficiency was increased in raised bed planting and deficit irrigation treatments. The decrease in yield due to drought stress was moderated to some extent in the raised bed system and therefore cultivation on raised beds is suggested as a suitable planting pattern to improve yield and WUE in wheat under conditions similar to the experimental area, especially under water shortage conditions.
Ceramic Membrane Made from Clay and Kaolin with a Mixture of Coconut Shell Activated Charcoal as a Groundwater Filter
Authors: Yulianto Bambang , Wahyudi Kristanto , Sudiapermana Elih , Saepudin Asep 
Published: October 2024

Groundwater if the quality is not good if consumed will have an impact on health. The causes of poor groundwater quality include the value of Fe and Mn levels that exceed the established quality standards. Many methods can be done to overcome the quality of groundwater caused by high Fe and Mn levels, one of which is to use a ceramic membrane made from clay and kaolin with a variation of the coconut shell activated charcoal mixture in the composition of the ceramic membrane by 5%. 10% and 15%. The goal is to determine the effect of ceramic membranes with continuous flow systems on reducing content in clean water. Results showed that the percentage of decrease in Fe and Mn content produced by variations in the composition of coconut shell activated charcoal of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% was, respectively for average Fe levels of 15.85%, 69.44%, 75.02%, and 80.83%, and for average Mn levels of 0.00%, 5.71%, 10.00%, and 18.67%. The best variation in the composition of coconut shell-activated charcoal in clay and kaolin-based ceramic membranes in reducing Fe and Mn content in clean water to meet the quality standards of coconut shell-activated charcoal composition by 15%. It is expected that this activity can be used as a basis for further development in groundwater treatment using ceramic membranes made from clay and kaolin with the addition of coconut shell-activated charcoal composition.
A ação de mão esquerda ao violão segundo os princípios do Walking
Authors: Loner Raquel Turra , Alípio Alisson 
Published: October 2024

O Walking, conforme proposto por Loner e Alípio (2020), é um comportamento de mão esquerda ao violão pelo qual é possível atingir os ideais de fluência motora e sonora de uma execução. Ele pode ser definido como a sucessão dos movimentos de mão esquerda ao violão que viabilizam a sustentação do som entre as notas – ou seja, como uma sucessão de intenções. O Walking é constituído pelo conjunto dos expedientes técnicos de sustentação do som que possibilitam manter um ponto de contato com a corda e, ao mesmo tempo, realizar um movimento direcionado às demais notas. Neste artigo, objetivamos demonstrar como estes expedientes podem ser realizados de acordo com os princípios do Walking. Esta investigação se baseou na premissa segundo a qual, no que se refere à ação de mão esquerda ao violão, ‘o todo não é igual à soma das suas partes’ (Dergal 2020) – ou seja, o Walking não equivale à realização sequencial dos expedientes técnicos de sustentação do som que o constituem – assim como nas proposições de Meinel (1977) acerca da qualidade do movimento na prática esportiva, as quais contribuíram para a concepção de uma técnica de mão esquerda ao violão baseada na combinação fluida de intenções.

Palavras-chave: Walking. Técnica violonística. Técnica de mão esquerda ao violão. Fluência motora. Fluência sonora.
Materializing Digital Archaeology: Managing 3D Models
Authors: Wise Nikki 
Published: October 2024

The archaeological record is fragmented yet the artifacts and data that comprise it are used to make vast claims about human nature and behavior, and about past and contemporary cultures and societies (Huggett, 2012; Huvila, 2019). The digital archaeological record is further fragmented by the rarity of digitization (due to resource and time constraints) and the loss of information through the digitization process Huvila & Huggett, 2018; Schroer & Mudge, 2017). Due to the lack of connection between the physical artifacts and their digital instantiations (as 3D models, metadata records, scanned images, etc.) it is difficult to understand what contextual information has been lost and/or altered from the physical data. This results in knowledge and information claims based on limited and biased data which can lead to an exacerbation of the silences and gaps in the archaeological record (Huggett, 2020) which 1) reduces the accuracy of archaeological research and 2) can differentially harm marginalized communities because, like archival records, the archaeological record can be used to assert “master” or “grand” narratives (Bastian, 2009; Carbajal & Caswell, 2021).
This Work-in-Progress poster is focused on information loss during the 3D modeling of archaeological artifacts. I posit that instead of understanding 3D models of artifacts as singular sources of information, they should be treated as one component of a complex resource. However, it has been difficult to find my way through the required reorientation of concepts like materiality from the digital humanities (Drucker, 2013; Kirschenbaum, 2012) and to implement this reorientation in practice.
How e-book vendors attract publishers and academic libraries to their platforms: A critical discourse analysis of vendors’ websites
Authors: Zhang Mei 
Published: October 2024

Academic libraries primarily obtain access to e-books through vendors, rather than individual publishers. These vendors work as intermediary by connecting publishers as the content providers with academic libraries as consumers. Many LIS studies examine how libraries select e-book vendors, and a few research explore how publishers choose vendors to disseminate their e-resources; however, much less is known about vendors’ strategies used to attract both publishers and academic libraries.
We have collected over 150 webpages related to e-book products from six major e-book vendors in humanities and social sciences—EBSCO, ProQuest, ProjectMUSE, JSTOR, ACLS, and De Gruyter, and grouped them based on three categories: 1) webpages without targeting a particular group of audience; 2) webpages designed for academic libraries/ librarians; 3) webpages designed for publishers. We then adopt Fairclough’s approach to critical discourse analysis, by moving beyond the examination of the literal meanings of the text, to explore how meaning is constructed at local, institutional, and societal levels. Specifically, we will examine three dimensions of the text: micro (description of the text), meso (interpretation of the meaning of the text), and macro (explanation of the relations between discourse and social context). This discourse analysis will systematically focus on these vendors’ self-identifications and how they market and communicate their missions and distinctions from other vendors to both publishers and libraries. We will present preliminary findings from the critical discourse analysis.
Navigating Survival: The Role of Information in the Lives of Trans adults in South Carolina
Authors: Dreeszen Bowman Rhys 
Published: October 2024

This community-based action research dissertation interrogates how trans people in South Carolina use information to survive. I am conducting 25 semi-structured interviews with trans people across the state to ask what information they need to survive, what barriers to information access they encounter, and how they overcome those barriers. I am working with an advisory board of five trans people to bring community input into my research. The board has pilot tested the interview protocol and given their feedback. In a practical part of the research, we are identifying a challenge trans people experience in their daily lives. The board collectively chose the lack of resources for trans people as the problem we will address. Together we are building an informational resource to fill those gaps and ease information seeking. Early themes from the interviews indicate that trans people rely on their peers for information over experts. However, trans people do not always have access to trans community, and it can be dangerous to ask friends and family, leaving their information needs unfilled. Overall, participants found a lack of resources related to transness. In response to this lack, participants created their own information resources for themselves and their communities.
Perceptions of Annual Research Evaluations as Preparation for Future and Early Career Faculty
Authors: Smith Daniella 
Published: October 2024

Thousands of university faculty complete annual evaluations to determine their yearly productivity. These assessments often determine the ability of a faculty member to continue in their current position (Zahneis, 2024). Evaluations play a crucial role in shaping the careers of early career tenure track professors.
Given the importance of annual reviews, this poster presents the preliminary results of a study designed to examine how departments assess faculty research productivity and to understand their perceptions of the processes used to evaluate them. Providing these results to doctoral students and new faculty can help prepare them for the annual review process.
Concerns emerged among the participants regarding the evaluation process. For instance, some participants noted that the quantity of publications was valued more than the quality, and there were no clear research quality standards. Another stated that some colleagues do little research and still receive positive evaluations.
Faculty members were more satisfied with reviews when policies clearly outlined expectations. They liked it when alternative publication methods were valued. Participants believed research with students should be equally important to solo or collaborative projects with other faculty. Additionally, the participants appreciated it when their deans and chairs understood and celebrated their research.
Participants shared factors that affect their research productivity. Time to complete research was a frequent response. Answers further indicated that support from research and teaching assistants saved them time. Funding to complete studies and research space was instrumental in their success.