bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic observation of oxygen dissociation on nitrogen-doped graphene
Authors: Scardamaglia Mattia , Susi Toma , Struzzi Claudia , Snyders Rony , Di Santo Giovanni , Petaccia Luca , Bittencourt Carla 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCarbon nanomaterials’ reactivity towards oxygen is very poor, limiting their potential applications. However, nitrogen doping is an established way to introduce active sites that facilitate interaction with gases. This boosts the materials’ reactivity for bio-/gas sensing and enhances their catalytic performance for the oxygen reduction reaction. Despite this interest, the role of differently bonded nitrogen dopants in the interaction with oxygen is obscured by experimental challenges and has so far resisted clear conclusions. We study the interaction of molecular oxygen with graphene doped via nitrogen plasma by in situ high-resolution synchrotron techniques, supported by density functional theory core level simulations. The interaction leads to oxygen dissociation and the formation of carbon-oxygen single bonds on graphene, along with a band gap opening and a rounding of the Dirac cone. The change of the N 1 s core level signal indicates that graphitic nitrogen is involved in the observed mechanism: the adsorbed oxygen molecule is dissociated and the two O atoms chemisorb with epoxy bonds to the nearest carbon neighbours of the graphitic nitrogen. Our findings help resolve existing controversies and offer compelling new evidence of the ORR pathway.
Selective effects of non-thermal atmospheric plasma on triple-negative breast normal and carcinoma cells through different cell signaling pathways
Authors: Liu Yuan , Tan Sheng , Zhang Hao , Kong Xiangjun , Ding Lili , Shen Jie , Lan Yan , Cheng Cheng , Zhu Tao , Xia Weidong 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNon-thermal atmospheric plasma (NTP) has shown its selective anticancer effects in many types of tumors in vitro and one of the main mechanisms is that the different increase of intracellular ROS in cancer and homologous normal cells. In this study, we report that NTP treatment reduces the proliferation in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and normal cell lines. Simultaneously, STAT3 pathway is inhibited by NTP effects. However, it is observed that normal cells MCF10A are more sensitive to ROS toxicity induced by NTP than cancer cells MDA-MB-231. When 5 mM of ROS inhibitor N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is employed in NTP treatments, the proliferation of normal breast cells MCF10A recovers. Meanwhile, NTP effects remain significant inhibition of MDA-MB-231 cells. Our results further reveal that NTP can induce apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells through inhibiting interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) pathway. Moreover, the mechanism of NTP anti-cancer selectivity relates to constantly HER2/Akt activation induced by NTP especially in MCF10A cells but not in MDA-MB-231 cells. Therefore, these two different cell signaling pathways induced by NTP treatments in TNBC and homologous normal cells make NTP becoming a potential tool in future therapy.
Personal Perceptions and Perceived Public Opinion About Stuttering in the United States: Implications for Anti-Stigma Campaigns
Authors: Boyle Michael P. 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
This exploratory study was the first to obtain quantitative and qualitative data on both personal perceptions and perceived public opinion about stuttering in order to identify topics to include in anti-stigma programs for stuttering.

Method
Three-hundred ten adults in the United States completed a web survey that assessed knowledge about stuttering and attitudes toward people who stutter (PWS) with questions addressing personal perceptions (direct questions) and perceived public opinion (indirect questions).

Results
Many participants reported favorable personal perceptions of PWS regarding their intelligence, competence, and potential for success. However, most participants did not personally believe PWS were confident, and most believed they were shy. Perceived public opinion was more unfavorable as a majority agreed that the public is uncomfortable talking with PWS and that the public would recommend PWS avoid jobs requiring high speech demands and avoid talking to large audiences. A minority of participants agreed PWS are perceived publicly as capable or mentally healthy.

Conclusions
The survey demonstrated misunderstandings and negative perceptions of PWS, especially when measured with perceived public opinion. Results can increase our understanding of content areas that should be included in anti-stigma programs for stuttering and highlight different methods for analyzing public perceptions of stuttering.
Fetal Skeletal Lethal Dysplasia: Case Report
Authors: Savoldi Alexandre Mello , Villar Maria Auxiliadora Monteiro , Machado Heloisa Novaes , Llerena Júnior Juan C. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe clinical management and decision-making in pregnancies in which there is suspicion of lethal fetal malformations during the prenatal period, such as lethal skeletal dysplasia (SD), demand a multidisciplinary approach coordinated by an experienced physician. Based on the presentation of a case of osteogenesis imperfecta type IIA, we offer and discuss recommendations with the intention of organizing clinical and laboratory investigations aiming toward the clinical management, prognosis, and etiological diagnosis of these malformations, as well as genetic counselling to patients who wish to become pregnant.
Detection of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus in Cervix Sample in an 11.3-year Follow-Up after Vaccination against HPV 16/18
Authors: Teixeira Cirbia Silva Campos , Teixeira Julio Cesar , Oliveira Eliane Regina Zambelli Mesquita , Machado Helymar Costa , Zeferino Luiz Carlos 
Published: August 2017

Purpose the aim of this study was to evaluate the pattern of human papillomavirus (HPV) detection in an 11.3-year post-vaccination period in a cohort of adolescent and young women vaccinated or not against HPV 16/18.
Methods a subset of 91 women from a single center participating in a randomized clinical trial (2001–2010, NCT00689741/00120848/00518336) with HPV 16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine was evaluated. All women received three doses of the HPV vaccine (n = 48) or a placebo (n = 43), and cervical samples were collected at 6-month intervals. Only in this center, one additional evaluation was performed in 2012. Up to 1,492 cervical samples were tested for HPV-DNA and genotyped with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The vaccine group characteristics were compared by Chi-square or Fisher exact or Mann-Whitney test. The high-risk (HR)-HPV 6-month-persistent infection rate was calculated. The cumulative infection by HPV group was evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test.
Results the cumulative infection with any type of HPV in an 11.3-year period was 67% in the HPV vaccine group and 72% in the placebo group (p = 0.408). The longitudinal analysis showed an increase of 4% per year at risk for detection of HR-HPV (non-HPV 16/18) over time (p = 0.015), unrelated to vaccination. The cumulative infection with HPV 16/18 was 4% for the HPV vaccine group and 29% for the placebo group (p = 0.003). There were 43 episodes of HR-HPV 6-month persistent infection, unrelated to vaccination.
Conclusions this study showed the maintenance of viral detection rate accumulating HR-HPV (non-HPV-16–18) positive tests during a long period post-vaccination, regardless of prior vaccination. This signalizes that the high number of HPV-positive tests may be maintained after vaccination.
Trends in the Prevalence of Live Macrosomic Newborns According to Gestational Age Strata, in Brazil, 2001–2010, and 2012–2014
Authors: Nascimento Maria Isabel do , Pereira Daniele Francine , Lopata Calliana , Oliveira Carina Ladeia Flores , Moura Ariane Arruda de , Mattos Maria Júlia da Silva , Silva Lucas Saraiva da 
Published: August 2017

Purpose To describe the trends in the prevalence of macrosomia (birth weight ≥ 4,000 g) according to gestational age in Brazil in the periods of 2001–2010 and 2012–2014.Methods Ecological study with data from the Brazilian Live Birth Information System (SINASC, in the Portuguese acronym) regarding singleton live newborns born from 22 gestational weeks. The trends in Brazil as a whole and in each of its five regions were analyzed according to preterm (22–36 gestational weeks) and term (37–42 gestational weeks) strata. Annual Percent Changes (APCs) based on the Prais-Winsten method and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to verify statistically significant changes in 2001–2010.Results In Brazil, the prevalence of macrosomic births was of 5.3% (2001–2010) and 5.1% (2012–2014). The rates were systematically higher in the North and Northeast Regions both in the preterm and in term strata. In the preterm stratum, the North Region presented the highest variation in the prevalence of macrosomia (+137.5%) when comparing 2001 (0.8%) to 2010 (1.9%). In the term stratum, downward trends were observed in Brazil as a whole and in every region. The trends for 2012–2014 were more heterogeneous, with the prevalence systematically higher than that observed for 2001–2010. The APC in the preterm stratum (2001–2010) showed a statistically significant trend change in the North (APC: 15.4%; 95%CI: 0.6–32.3) and South (APC: 13.5%; 95%CI: 4.8–22.9) regions. In the term stratum, the change occurred only in the North region (APC:−1.5%; 95%CI: −2.5–−0.5).Conclusion The prevalence of macrosomic births in Brazil was higher than 5.0%. Macrosomia has potentially negative health implications for both children and adults, and deserves close attention in the public health agenda in Brazil, as well as further support for investigation and intervention.
The Preference of Women and Men Regarding Female Genital Depilation
Authors: Sangiorgi Maria Luiza Prudente de Oliveira , Lara Lucia Alves da Silva , Lerri Maria Rita , Ferriani Rui Alberto , Romão Adriana Peterson Mariano Salata 
Published: August 2017

Purpose To evaluate the preferences of women and men regarding female pubic hair depilation and identify possible reasons for these preferences.
Methods This is a cross-sectional study of men and women over 18 years old who were invited by the official blog of our institution to respond anonymously to an online and self-administered questionnaire made by the researchers. The analyses were made using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS, SAS Inc., Cary, NC, US) software, version 9.3, and contingency tables were used to verify the distribution of variables. The univariate statistical analysis was performed using the Pearson chi-squared test, and the differences for values of p < 0.05 were considered significant.
Results We obtained data from 69,920 subjects (52,787 women and 17,133 men). The mean age was 31.9 years for men, and 28.5 years for women. Most women (64.3%) and men (62.2%) preferred complete removal of female pubic hair, and this preference was more pronounced in younger women and men. Most women reported performing depilation at home (55.8%), with 44.4% using hot wax and 40.1% using a razor blade. About half of the women (44.7%) and men (50.1%) reported sexual activity, having intercourse 2 to 3 times per week. The frequency of intercourse and sexual satisfaction in women correlated with total pubic hair removal.
Conclusion Most Brazilian women and men prefer the complete removal of female pubic hair, especially those who are younger and more sexually active. Women who are satisfied with the appearance of their own genitalia have a stronger preference for complete removal of pubic hair.
The Effect of Methylphenidate on the Hearing of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: İsmi Onur , Yildirim Veli , Vayisoglu Yusuf , Togrul Anis , Toros Fevziye , Unal Murat 
Published: August 2017

Introduction There has been a sudden idiopathic hearing loss case presented after methylphenidate treatment in a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Objective This study was performed to reveal the probable ototoxic side effects of methylphenidate use in patients with ADHD.
Methods Thirty pediatric patients with ADHD were included in the study. Pure tone audiometry, speech discrimination scores, waves I, III, V absolute latencies and waves I-III, I-V, III-V interpeak latencies at the 80 dB nHL intensity after click stimulus auditory brainstem response (ABR) results were compared before and 3 months after methylphenidate treatment.
Results There were no statistically significant difference between pretreatment and posttreatment pure tone and speech audiometry findings and ABR results (p > 0.05 for all parameters).
Conclusion Methylphenidate can be regarded as a safe drug regarding ototoxic side effects. Additional studies with a larger sample size and longer follow-up may be needed.
Computer-assisted instruction before colonoscopy is as effective as nurse counselling, a clinical pilot trial
Authors: Veldhuijzen Govert , Klemt-Kropp Michael , Noomen Casper , Van Esch Aura , Tjwa Eric , Drenth Joost 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Better patient education prior to colonoscopy improves adherence to instructions for bowel preparation and leads to cleaner colons. We reasoned that computer assisted instruction (CAI) using video and 3 D animations followed by nurse contact maximizes the effectiveness of nurse counselling, increases proportion of clean colons and improves patient experience.
Patients and methods Adults referred for colonoscopy in a high-volume endoscopy unit in the Netherlands were included. Exclusion criteria were illiteracy in Dutch and audiovisual handicaps. Patients were prospectively divided into 2 groups, 1 group received nurse counselling and 1 group received CAI and a nurse contact before colonoscopy. The main outcome, cleanliness of the colon during examination, was measured with Ottawa Bowel Preparation Scale (OBPS) and Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS). We assessed patient comfort and anxiety at 3 different time points.
Results We included 385 patients: 197 received traditional nurse counselling and 188 received CAI. Overall patient response rates were 99 %, 76.4 % and 69.9 % respectively. Endoscopists scored cleanliness in 60.8 %. Comparative analysis of the 39.2 % of patients with missing scores showed no significant difference on age, gender or educational level. Baseline characteristics were evenly distributed over the groups. Bowel cleanliness was satisfactory and did not differ amongst groups: nurse vs. CAI group scores in BBPS: (6.54 ± 1.69 vs. 6.42 ± 1.62); OBPS: (6.07 ± 2.53 vs. 5.80 ± 2.90). Patient comfort scores were significantly higher (4.29 ± 0.62 vs. 4.42 ± 0.68) in the CAI group shortly before colonoscopy. Anxiety and knowledge scores were similar.
Conclusion CAI is a safe and practical tool to instruct patients before colonoscopy. We recommend the combination of CAI with a short nurse contact for daily practice.
Use of the full-thickness resection device (FTRD) to prevent bleeding after colonic polypectomy in a patient with a left ventricular assist device
Authors: Knoop Richard , Richer-Schrag Hans-Juergen , Thimme Robert , Fischer Andreas 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Treatment of colorectal polyps in patients undergoing permanent anticoagulation is associated with a significantly increased risk of peri-interventional bleeding. This specifically applies to polyps > 1 cm where endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) with the full-thickness-resection device (FTRD) can be taken into consideration as an alternative approach to classical snare polypectomy.For these indications, EFTR appears to be superior to conventional techniques especially in terms of sufficient hemostasis due to the mechanical tissue compression achieved by the FTRDʼs integrated Over-The-Scope Clip (OTSC). This is demonstrated in the following case report of a 59-year-old male with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implanted due to congestive heart failure. He presented with intermittent hemorrhage from a large polyp in the ascending colon that was successfully treated via EFTR with the FTRD. A video is included.
Two electrosurgical endo-knives for endoscopic submucosal dissection of colorectal superficial neoplasms: a prospective randomized study
Authors: Sugihara Yuusaku , Harada Keita , Kawahara Yoshiro , Takei Daisuke , Takashima Shiho , Inokuchi Toshihiro , Nakarai Asuka , Takahara Masahiro , Kuwaki Kenji , Hiraoka Sakiko , Okada Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Few studies have directly compared endo-knives for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in humans. We compared the performances of the Mucosectom2 and SB knife Jr.
Patients and methods Two trainee endoscopists performed ESD of 36 lesions in this prospective, randomized controlled trial. Mucosal incision with a 1.5-mm Dual knife and submucosal dissection using the Mucosectom2 were performed in 1 group. Mucosal incision with a 1.5-mm Dual knife and submucosal dissection with a SB knife Jr. were performed in the other group. The primary outcome was the ESD procedure time. Secondary outcomes were total procedure time, self-completion rates, and adverse events.
Results ESD time in Mucosectom2 patients was not significantly shorter than in SB knife Jr. patients (57 ± 32 min vs. 61 ± 44 min, respectively; P = 0.94). Total procedure time in Mucosectom2 patients was not significantly shorter than in SB knife Jr. patients (81 ± 42 min vs. 82 ± 51 min, respectively; P = 0.85). The trainee self-completion rate was slightly higher in SB knife Jr. patients than in Mucosectom2 patients, although the difference was not significant (94 % vs. 100 %, respectively; P = 0.959). Fewer hemostatic procedures using the Coagrasper were performed in Mucosectom2 patients than in SB knife Jr. patients, although the difference was not significant (0.62 vs. 0.7, respectively; P = 0.432).
Conclusions Mucosectom2 and SB knife Jr. did not significantly differ in performance for colorectal ESD to safely and reliably enhance ESD. Knife selection is not as important for learning colorectal ESD as patient- and lesion-related factors.
Cardiorespiratory Responses to Continuous and Intermittent Exercises in Children
Authors: Baquet Georges , Gamelin François-Xavier , Aucouturier Julien , Berthoin Serge 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe aim of the study was to characterize aerobic responses to high intensity intermittent (HIIE) and continuous (CE) exercises in prepubertal children. 26 children aged 8 to 11-year-old took part in a preliminary session to determine peakVO2 and Maximal Aerobic Velocity (MAV). In 5 subsequent experimental visits, the participants completed 2 CE and 3 HIIE sessions in a randomized order. HIIE consisted of short intermittent 10-s and 20-s running bouts at 100 to 130% MAV, interspersed with recovery periods of equal duration (S-HIIE1 and S-HIIE2 respectively) and 5-s of sprinting and jumping at maximal intensity with 15-s recovery periods (S-HIIE3). CE consisted of 2 10-min running periods at 80% and 85% MAV with a 5-min recovery period. CE protocols elicited higher average VO2 and exercise time spent above 95% of peakVO2 compared to the HIIE protocols. S-HIIE 1 and S-HIIE 2 elicited similar average VO2 response, higher than S-HIIE 3. Our study shows that CE activated the aerobic system to a greater extent than S-HIIE in prepubertal children, as reflected by the time above 95% of peakVO2 during exercise. However, isotime S-HIIE protocols comprising 10-s or 20-s exercise bouts at an intensity above MAV result in similar times above 95% of peakVO2 during exercise.
Richtig einschätzen
Authors: Rotzinger Kerstin 
Published: August 2017

Zusammenfassung
Triage in der pädiatrischen Notaufnahme Zwei Säuglinge kommen in die Notaufnahme, einer apathisch, einer laut schreiend. Welcher soll
zuerst versorgt ­werden? Gerade bei Patienten, die sich verbal nicht zu ihren Schmerzen äußern ­können, sind objektive
Einschätzungsinstrumente wichtig. Triagesysteme für Erwachsene gibt es schon seit mehr als 200 Jahren – für die Einschätzung von Kindern
gelten dabei allerdings spezielle Regeln.
Das Departmentmodell in der neurologischen Universitätsmedizin
Authors: Gasser Thomas , Jucker Mathias , Lerche Holger , Proksch Astrid , Thier Peter , Ziemann Ulf 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungDas Fach Neurologie hat sich in den letzten 20 Jahren in einer Weise ausdifferenziert, dass es nicht mehr durch einen einzigen Leiter umfassend auf universitärem Niveau vertreten werden kann, weder in der Versorgung der Kranken noch in der Forschung und Lehre. Die Bildung einer Departmentstruktur, in der Klinik und Forschung in verschiedenen unabhängigen Schwerpunktbereichen kongruent abgebildet, und gleichzeitig Gemeinschaftsaufgaben in gemeinsamer Verantwortung für die Gesamtinstitution übernommen werden, ist ein mögliches Modell dieser Herausforderung zu begegnen. Es wird in Tübingen seit 15 Jahren erprobt und hier beschrieben.
Serotonin Shapes the Migratory Potential of NK Cells – An in vitro Approach
Authors: Zimmer Philipp , Bloch Wilhelm , Kieven Markus , Lövenich Lukas , Lehmann Jonas , Holthaus Michelle , Theurich Sebastian , Schenk Alexander 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIncreased serotonin (5-HT) levels have been shown to influence natural killer cell (NK cell) function. Acute exercise mobilizes and activates NK cells and further increases serum 5-HT concentrations in a dose-dependent manner. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of different serum 5-HT concentrations on NK cell migratory potential and cytotoxicity. The human NK cell line KHYG-1 was assigned to 4 conditions, including 3 physiological concentrations of 5-HT (100, 130 or 170 µg/l 5-HT) and one control condition. NK cells were analyzed regarding cytotoxicity, migratory potential and expression of adhesion molecules. No treatment effect on NK cell cytotoxicity and expression of integrin subunits was detected. Migratory potential was increased in a dose dependent manner, indicating the highest protease activity in cells that were incubated with 170 µg/l 5-HT (170 µg/l vs. control, p<0.001, 170 µg/l vs. 100 µg/l, p<0.001; 170 µg/l vs. 130 µg/l, p=0.003; 130 µg/l vs. control, p<0.001, 130 µg/l vs. 100 µg/l, p<0.001). These results suggest that elevated 5-HT serum levels play a mediating role in NK cell function. As exercise has been shown to be involved in NK cell mobilization and redistribution, the influence of 5-HT should be investigated in ex vivo and in vivo experiments.
Multiple Measures are Needed to Quantify Training Loads in Professional Rugby League
Authors: Weaving Daniel , Jones Ben , Marshall Phil , Till Kevin , Abt Grant 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the effect of training mode (conditioning and skills) on multivariate training load relationships in professional rugby league via principal component analysis. Four measures of training load (internal: heart rate exertion index, session rating of perceived exertion; external: PlayerLoad™, individualised high-speed distance) were collected from 23 professional male rugby league players over the course of one 12 wk preseason period. Training was categorised by mode (skills or conditioning) and then subjected to a principal component analysis. Extraction criteria were set at an eigenvalue of greater than 1. Modes that extracted more than 1 principal component were subject to a varimax rotation. Skills extracted 1 principal component, explaining 57% of the variance. Conditioning extracted 2 principal components (1st: internal; 2nd: external), explaining 85% of the variance. The presence of multiple training load dimensions (principal components) during conditioning training provides further evidence of the influence of training mode on the ability of individual measures of external or internal training load to capture training variance. Consequently, a combination of internal and external training-load measures is required during certain training modes.