bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapy related‐chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML): Molecular, cytogenetic, and clinical distinctions from de novo CMML
Authors: Patnaik Mrinal M. , Vallapureddy Rangit , Yalniz Fevzi F. , Hanson Curtis A. , Ketterling Rhett P. , Lasho Terra L. , Finke Christy , Al‐Kali Aref , Gangat Naseema , Tefferi Ayalew 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTherapy related myeloid neoplasms (t‐MN) including therapy related myelodysplastic syndromes (t‐MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (t‐AML) are associated with aggressive disease biologies and poor outcomes. In this large (n = 497) and informative (inclusive of molecular and cytogenetic information) chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) patient cohort, we demonstrate key biological insights and an independent prognostic impact for t‐CMML. T‐CMML was diagnosed in 9% of patients and occurred approximately 7 years after exposure to prior chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. In comparison to de novo CMML, t‐CMML patients had higher LDH levels, higher frequency of karyotypic abnormalities and had higher risk cytogenetic stratification. There were no differences in the distribution of gene mutations and unlike t‐MDS/AML, balanced chromosomal translocations, abnormalities of chromosome 11q23 (1%) and Tp53 mutations (<2%) were uncommon. Molecularly integrated CMML prognostic models were not effective in risk stratifying t‐CMML patients and responses to hypomethylating agents were dismal with no complete responses. Median overall (OS) and leukemia free survival (LFS) was shorter for t‐CMML in comparison to d‐CMML (Median OS 10.9 vs 26 months and median LFS 50 vs 127 months) and t‐CMML independently and adversely impacted OS (P = .0001 HR 2.1 95% CI 1.4‐3.0). This prognostic impact was retained in the context of the Mayo Molecular Model (P = .001, HR 2.4, 95% CI 1.5‐3.7) and the GFM prognostic model (P < .0001, HR 2.15, 95% CI 1.5‐3.7). In summary, we highlight the unique genetics and independent prognostic impact of t‐CMML, warranting its inclusion as a separate entity in the classification schema for both CMML and t‐MN.
Synthesis of Tetra(3‐thienyl)biphenoquinone and its Charge Transfer Complex with Perylene
Authors: Fujii Ryotaro , Hossain Md. Awlad , Akimoto Hisato , Hirabayashi Kazunori , Shimizu Toshio , Akiyama Kazuhiko , Goto Kenta , Nishikawa Hiroyuki , Yamashita Ken‐ichi , Sugiura Ken‐ichi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTetra(thienyl)biphenoquinones were designed and synthesized. An oxidative coupling of 2,6‐bis(3‐thienyl)phenol with PbO2 in acetic acid afforded the corresponding biphenoquinone along with 2,6‐bis(3‐thienyl)‐p‐benzoquinone. This biphenoquinone showed properties characteristic of a π‐expanded quinone, that is, positively shifted reduction potential and light absorption in the visible region. In contrast to kinetically protected biphenoquinones with bulky substituents at the ortho‐positions of carbonyls, the title compounds take a planar structure because of the small steric repulsion of the five‐membered thiophene rings. Its charge transfer complex with perylene is characterized by a well‐overlapped mixed stack.
To do or not to do? plasma exchange and timing of steroid administration in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
Authors: Scarpazza Cristina , Prosperini Luca , De Rossi Nicola , Moiola Lucia , Sormani Maria Pia , Gerevini Simonetta , Capra Ruggero ,   on behalf of the Italian PML group
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveTo retrospectively analyze the effect of plasma exchange (PLEX; yes = PLEX+, no = PLEX–) and steroids administration timing (prophylactically [proST] or therapeutically [therST]) on the longitudinal clinical course of patients with natalizumab‐related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and full‐blown immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (PML‐IRIS).MethodsClinical and radiological data of 42 Italian patients with PML were analyzed. Patient's data are available until 12 months after PML diagnosis. PLEX and steroids treatment as time‐dependent covariates were entered in: (1) a Cox model to investigate their impact on full‐blown PML‐IRIS latency; (2) an analysis of variance ANOVA to investigate their impact on IRIS duration; and (3) a linear mixed model to assess their impact on the longitudinal clinical course (measured by means of Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS]).ResultsTreatment with PLEX was not associated to PML‐IRIS latency (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.05; p = 0.92), but once IRIS emerged, its duration was significantly longer in patients who underwent PLEX (101 vs 54 days in PLEX+ and PLEX– patients; p = 0.028). Receiving proST versus therST was not associated to IRIS latency (HR = 0.67; p = 0.39) or duration (p = 0.95). Patients who underwent proST had a significantly higher EDSS increase during PML (0.09 EDSS points per month; p = 0.04) as compared to those who had therST.InterpretationThis study highlights that: (1) caution on the use of PLEX should be considered as the current data do not support a beneficial effect of PLEX and (2) caution on the early use of steroids is suggested because their prophylactic use to prevent full‐blown PML‐IRIS seems to negatively impact on the longitudinal disability course. Ann Neurol 2017;82:697–705
Phosphorylierung reguliert den Membrantransport von Peptiden
Authors: Peng Shu , Barba‐Bon Andrea , Pan Yu‐Chen , Nau Werner M. , Guo Dong‐Sheng , Hennig Andreas 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDie Phosphorylierung und Dephosphorylierung von Peptiden durch Kinasen und Phosphatasen ist ein allgegenwärtiger Mechanismus der Signaltransduktion in biologischen Systemen. Eine unnatürlich hohe oder niedrige Aktivität dieser Enzyme steht im Zusammenhang mit vielen Krankheiten. Hier führen wir amphiphile Calixarene als supramolekulare Schlüsselkomponenten für einen Membrantransport von Peptiden ein, der sich durch Phosphorylierung regulieren lässt. Mithilfe von farbstoffbeladenen Liposomen zeigen wir, dass diese Calixarene als Gegenionen für etablierte zellpenetrierende Peptide fungieren und deren Transport effizient aktivieren können. Die ermittelten EC50‐Werte liegen im niedrigen nanomolaren Bereich. Die Calixarene aktivieren sogar den Membrantransport von kurzen Peptiden, die Substrate für Kinasen in Signaltransduktionskaskaden sind. Dadurch dass das phosphorylierte Produkt viel weniger effektiv transportiert wird, ermöglicht dies die Regulierung des Membrantransports durch Proteinkinase A (PKA) und Proteinkinase C (PKC). Daraus folgt auch eine markierungsfreie Methode, um die Aktivität dieser Enzyme mittels Fluoreszenz nachzuweisen.
Non‐Enzymatic Oxidation of a Pentagalloylglucose Analogue into Members of the Ellagitannin Family
Authors: Ashibe Seiya , Ikeuchi Kazutada , Kume Yuji , Wakamori Shinnosuke , Ueno Yuri , Iwashita Takashi , Yamada Hidetoshi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe occurrence of more than 1000 structurally diverse ellagitannins has been hypothesized to begin with the oxidation of penta‐O‐galloyl‐β‐d‐glucose (β‐PGG) for the coupling of the galloyl groups. However, the non‐enzymatic behavior of β‐PGG in the oxidation is unknown. Disclosed herein is which galloyl groups tended to couple and which axial chirality was predominant in the derived hexahydroxydiphenoyl groups when an analogue of β‐PGG was subjected to oxidation. The galloyl groups coupled in the following order: at the 4,6‐, 1,6‐, 1,2‐, 2,3‐, and 3,6‐positions with respective S‐, S‐, R‐, S‐, and R‐axial chirality. Among them, the most preferred 4,6‐coupling reflected the what was observed for natural ellagitannins. A new finding was that the second best coupling occured at the 1,6‐positions. With the detection of a 3,6‐coupled product, this work demonstrated that even ellagitannin skeletons with an axial‐rich glucose core may be generated non‐enzymatically.
O2‐Aktivierung an Cerdioxid‐Katalysatoren – Zur Bedeutung der kristallographischen Orientierung des Substrats
Authors: Yang Chengwu , Yu Xiaojuan , Heißler Stefan , Weidler Peter G. , Nefedov Alexei , Wang Yuemin , Wöll Christof , Kropp Thomas , Paier Joachim , Sauer Joachim 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDas Verständnis der Sauerstoffaktivierung auf Metalloxiden auf atomarer Ebene ist eine der größten Herausforderungen der heterogenen Katalyse. Eine oberflächenwissenschaftliche Untersuchung an allen drei niedrigindizierten Einkristalloberflächen von Cerdioxid, dem vermutlich wichtigsten Redoxkatalysator, ermöglichte den direkten spektroskopischen Nachweis reaktiver Sauerstoffspezies an Fehlstellen an den reduzierten Oberflächen von CeO2(110) und CeO2(100). An CeO2(111), der thermodynamisch stabilsten Oberfläche dieses Oxids, wurden jedoch keine Superoxo‐ und Peroxo‐Spezies gefunden. Mithilfe von Dichtefunktionalrechnungen konnten diese scheinbar widersprüchlichen Ergebnisse auf eine Migration von O‐Leerstellen in das Innere der Einkristalle zurückgeführt werden, die jedoch nur im Fall von (111)‐Substraten auftritt. Diese Beobachtungen beenden eine lang anhaltende Debatte über die Position von O‐Leerstellen an Cerdioxidoberflächen und die Aktivierung von O2 auf Cerdioxid‐Pulvern.
Singulett‐Sauerstoff in der aprotischen Natrium‐O2‐Batterie
Authors: Schafzahl Lukas , Mahne Nika , Schafzahl Bettina , Wilkening Martin , Slugovc Christian , Borisov Sergey M. , Freunberger Stefan A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAprotische Natrium‐O2‐Batterien basieren auf der reversiblen Bildung und Auflösung von Natriumsuperoxid (NaO2) während des Zellbetriebs. Nebenreaktionen des Elektrolyten und der Elektrode mit dem stark nukleophilen und basischen NaO2 führen zu mangelhafter Zyklenstabilität. Seine Reaktivität allein kann die Nebenreaktionen und schlechte Reversibilität jedoch nicht schlüssig erklären. Hier wird gezeigt, dass Singulett‐Sauerstoff (1O2) in allen Phasen des Betriebs entsteht und eine Hauptursache für Nebenreaktionen ist. 1O2 wurde in situ und ex situ mit einem 1O2‐Fänger detektiert, der schnell und selektiv ein Addukt mit 1O2 bildet. Mechanistisch betrachtet entsteht 1O2 entweder durch protonenunterstützte Disproportionierung von Superoxid während des Entladens, Lagerns und Ladens unter ca. 3.3 V oder durch direkte elektrochemische 1O2‐Entwicklung über ca. 3.3 V. Spuren von Wasser ermöglichen hohe Kapazitäten, beschleunigen aber auch Nebenreaktionen. Daher muss das hochreaktive 1O2 unbedingt kontrolliert werden, um die Zelle reversibel zu betreiben.
A Lewis Base Catalysis Approach for the Photoredox Activation of Boronic Acids and Esters
Authors: Lima Fabio , Sharma Upendra K. , Grunenberg Lars , Saha Debasmita , Johannsen Sandra , Sedelmeier Joerg , Van der Eycken Erik V. , Ley Steven V. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe report herein the use of a dual catalytic system comprising a Lewis base catalyst such as quinuclidin‐3‐ol or 4‐dimethylaminopyridine and a photoredox catalyst to generate carbon radicals from either boronic acids or esters. This system enabled a wide range of alkyl boronic esters and aryl or alkyl boronic acids to react with electron‐deficient olefins via radical addition to efficiently form C−C coupled products in a redox‐neutral fashion. The Lewis base catalyst was shown to form a redox‐active complex with either the boronic esters or the trimeric form of the boronic acids (boroxines) in solution.
Lanthanide‐Based T2ex and CEST Complexes Provide Insights into the Design of pH Sensitive MRI Agents
Authors: Zhang Lei , Martins André F. , Zhao Piyu , Wu Yunkou , Tircsó Gyula , Sherry A. Dean 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe CEST and T1/T2 relaxation properties of a series of Eu3+ and Dy3+ DOTA‐tetraamide complexes with four appended primary amine groups are measured as a function of pH. The CEST signals in the Eu3+ complexes show a strong CEST signal after the pH was reduced from 8 to 5. The opposite trend was observed for the Dy3+ complexes where the r2ex of bulk water protons increased dramatically from ca. 1.5 mm−1 s−1 to 13 mm−1 s−1 between pH 5 and 9 while r1 remained unchanged. A fit of the CEST data (Eu3+ complexes) to Bloch theory and the T2ex data (Dy3+ complexes) to Swift–Connick theory provided the proton‐exchange rates as a function of pH. These data showed that the four amine groups contribute significantly to proton‐catalyzed exchange of the Ln3+‐bound water protons even though their pKa’s are much higher than the observed CEST or T2ex effects. This demonstrated the utility of using appended acidic/basic groups to catalyze prototropic exchange for imaging tissue pH by MRI.
A Hydrogen‐Bonded Hexagonal Buckybowl Framework
Authors: Hisaki Ichiro , Toda Hideaki , Sato Hiroyasu , Tohnai Norimitsu , Sakurai Hidehiro 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA hydrogen‐bonded two‐dimensionally networked buckybowl architecture is presented. Two types of hexagonal network (HexNet) structures (CPSM‐1 and CPSM‐2) have been achieved based on a sumanene derivative (CPSM) possessing 4,4′‐dicarboxy‐o‐terphenyl groups in the periphery. CPSM‐1 has a waved HexNet structure with an alternate alignment of upward and downward bowls. CPSM‐2 has a bilayered HexNet structure composed of hamburger‐shaped dimers of the bowls. This demonstrates that non‐planar π‐systems can be networked two‐dimensionally by an appropriate supramolecular synthon to achieve structurally well‐defined unique bumpy π‐sheets. Furthermore, we revealed that CPSM‐2 undergoes anisotropic shrinking along the c axis by 11 % under high pressure conditions (970 MPa). The shrinkage is brought about by offset sliding between bumpy π‐surfaces of the bilayered HexNet sheets.
Precise Assembly of Particles for Zigzag or Linear Patterns
Authors: Guo Dan , Li Chang , Wang Yang , Li Yanan , Song Yanlin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPrecise control of particles assembly has tremendous potential for fabricating intricate structures and functional materials. However, it is still a challenge to achieve one‐dimensional assembly with precisely controlled morphology. An effective strategy is reported to precisely assemble particles into well‐defined patterns by liquid confinement through controlling the viscosity of the assembly system. It is found that high viscosity of the system impedes particles rearrangement and facilitates the generation of zigzag or twined zigzag assembly structures, while low viscosity of the system allows particles to rearrange into linear or zipper structures driven by lowering the surface deformation of the liquid. As a result, precise control of different assembly patterns can be achieved through tuning the viscosity of solvent and size confinement ratios. This facile approach shows generality for particles assembly of different sizes and materials.
Singlet Oxygen during Cycling of the Aprotic Sodium–O2 Battery
Authors: Schafzahl Lukas , Mahne Nika , Schafzahl Bettina , Wilkening Martin , Slugovc Christian , Borisov Sergey M. , Freunberger Stefan A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAprotic sodium–O2 batteries require the reversible formation/dissolution of sodium superoxide (NaO2) on cycling. Poor cycle life has been associated with parasitic chemistry caused by the reactivity of electrolyte and electrode with NaO2, a strong nucleophile and base. Its reactivity can, however, not consistently explain the side reactions and irreversibility. Herein we show that singlet oxygen (1O2) forms at all stages of cycling and that it is a main driver for parasitic chemistry. It was detected in‐ and ex‐situ via a 1O2 trap that selectively and rapidly forms a stable adduct with 1O2. The 1O2 formation mechanism involves proton‐mediated superoxide disproportionation on discharge, rest, and charge below ca. 3.3 V, and direct electrochemical 1O2 evolution above ca. 3.3 V. Trace water, which is needed for high capacities also drives parasitic chemistry. Controlling the highly reactive singlet oxygen is thus crucial for achieving highly reversible cell operation.
Development of antifouling poly(vinyl chloride) blend membranes by atom transfer radical polymerization
Authors: Fang Li‐Feng , Matsuyama Hideto , Zhu Bao‐Ku , Zhao Shuaifei 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTIn this study, antifouling poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) blend membranes were prepared by blending the PVC based amphiphilic copolymer PVC‐g‐poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PVC‐g‐PHEMA), synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), into the hydrophobic PVC matrix via the nonsolvent‐induced phase separation method. The in situ ATRP reaction solutions were also used as the blend additives to improve membrane performance. Attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the blend membranes based on the two blend routes exhibited similar surface chemical compositions. The membrane morphology and surface wettability were determined by scanning electronic microscopy and water contact angle measurement, respectively. The blend membranes showed improved water permeability, comparable rejections and enhanced antifouling properties compared with the pure PVC membrane. The PVC blend membranes also had excellent long‐term stability in terms of chemical compositions and fouling resistance. The results demonstrated that ATRP was a promising technique to synthesize amphiphilic copolymer and prepare stable blend antifouling membranes. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45832.
Pervaporation of toluene and iso‐octane through poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide nanoplate mixed matrix membranes: Comparison of crosslinked and noncrosslinked membranes
Authors: Khazaei Ali , Mohebbi Vahid , Behbahani Reza M. , Ramazani S.A. Ahmad 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTRemoval of aromatic compounds from fuel is an essential requirement in new environmental policies. In the present study, poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide (GO) mixed matrix membranes were prepared and applied to the separation of toluene from iso‐octane by pervaporation, considering the similarity and interaction between graphene and aromatics. The effects of crosslinking and GO content on separation efficiency have been investigated in detail. Owing to the high affinity of GO with toluene through s and π bonds, the selectivity of the membranes was increased by incorporating a low amount of GO. The results also indicated that noncrosslinked membranes have higher selectivity and permeation flux due to higher crystallinity and also have lower mechanical properties. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45853.
Preparation of block copolymers via metal‐free visible‐light‐induced ATRP for the detection of lead ions
Authors: Sun Yue , Li Juan , Zhao Mengyuan , Liu Yutong , Zhang Jiameng , Lv Chengwei 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTPolyacrylamide‐b‐poly(methacrylic acid) was prepared on the surface of Au electrode (Au/PAM/PMAA) for Pb2+ ion electrochemical sensing via metal‐free visible‐light‐induced atom transfer radical polymerization, which was very simple, convenient, and environmentally friendly. Au/PAM/PMAA was carefully examined by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Further, Au/PAM/PMAA was successfully used for the determination of Pb2+ ion by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. Under the optimal conditions, a linear response from 1.0 × 10−11 to 1.0 × 10−4 mol/L with detection limit of 2.5 × 10−12 mol/L (S/N = 3) was achieved from the results of experiments. Comparing with similar Pb2+ sensors, the broader linear range and lower detection limit suggested the promising prospect of Au/PAM/PMAA. In a word, the work of this article had an important significance for the polymer‐modified electrodes and the sensitive detection of Pb2+. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45863.
Morpho‐demographic traits of two maërl‐forming algae in beds with different depths and fishing histories
Authors: Cabanellas‐Reboredo Miguel , Mallol Sandra , Barberá Carmen , Vergés Alba , Díaz David , Goñi Raquel 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Maërl is a benthic community composed of accumulations of coralline red algae with an essential eco‐biological role in marine ecosystems.
This low‐resilience community has acquired a high conservation status as many anthropogenic impacts threaten this globally distributed ecosystem. Some of the potentially more important but less studied impacts are those caused by fishing activities due to the lack of proper controls.
This study investigates the potential fishing impacts and depth‐related differences on the rhodolith morpho‐demographic traits of two maërl‐forming algae, Lithothamnion corallioides and Spongites fruticulosus, with distinct morphologies (ramified vs nucleated).
Rhodolith size and shape (roundness and solidity) indicators were assessed in maërl beds protected from fishing inside a large 25‐year old no‐take MPA, in a contiguous 6‐year no‐take zone, and in adjacent fished beds.
Rhodoliths of both species were bigger, rounder (spherical) and more solid (structurally less complex) in shallow than in deep beds of the long‐term protected area, which was probably a result of a more active hydrodynamic regime and higher irradiance in shallow beds.
Fishing effects manifested differently depending on the morphological properties of rhodoliths, which resulted in a decrease in size and complexity in L. corallioides and roundness in S. fruticulosus.
Such fishing impacts were significant only inside the short‐term 6‐year protected area. The most plausible cause of this unexpected observation is the highly localized trammel‐net fishing effort with long soak‐times along the boundary of the contiguous 25‐year MPA, where before closure, fishing effort was concentrated in expectation of greater catches from spillover (i.e. fishing the line).
This is the first study to document the impacts of fishing the line on structural species and indicates that boundaries of successful MPAs could be zones of maximum disturbance, a fact that should be taken into account in management conservation decisions.
Biosensors: Classifications, medical applications, and future prospective
Authors: Alhadrami Hani A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBiosensors are devices that combine a biological material with a suitable platform for detection of pathogenic organisms, carcinogenic, mutagenic, and/or toxic chemicals or for reporting a biological effect. In recent years, an enormous number of different types of biosensors have been constructed and developed for several medical applications. The reason for that was primarily due to the numerous advantages and applications that can be offered by biosensors. This review article has been started with demonstrating the power of biosensor technologies versus analytical and conventional techniques. Subsequently, more emphasis has been added on the classification and the role of biosensors in several medical applications such as detection and monitoring of carcinogenic and mutagenic chemicals, reporting of endocrine disrupting compounds, and detection of pathogenic organisms. The most common reporter genes used in biosensors engineering and construction have also been summarized. Prospective strategies and recommendations for the future construction of biosensors have been highlighted.