bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simplified approach to discriminate between healthy subjects and patients with heart failure using cardiac magnetic resonance myocardial deformation imaging
Authors: Witt Undine Ella , Müller Maximilian Leo , Beyer Rebecca Elisabeth , Wieditz Johannes , Salem Susanna , Hashemi Djawid , Chen Wensu , Cvetkovic Mina , Nolden Anna Clara , Doeblin Patrick , Blum Moritz , Thiede Gisela , Huppertz Alexander , Steen Henning , Remppis Bjoern Andrew , Falk Volkmar , Friede Tim , Kelle Sebastian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS) shows promise as a marker to detect early heart failure (HF). This study sought to (i) establish cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR)–derived LV-GLS cut-offs to differentiate healthy from HF for both acquisition-based and post-processing techniques, (ii) assess agreement, and (iii) provide a method to convert LV-GLS between both techniques.

Methods and results
A secondary analysis of a prospective study enrolling healthy subjects (n = 19) and HF patients (n = 56) was conducted. LV-GLS was measured using fast strain–encoded imaging (fSENC) and feature tracking (FT). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to derive and evaluate LV-GLS cut-offs discriminating between healthy, HF with mild deformation impairment (DI), and HF with severe DI. Linear regression and Bland–Altman analyses assessed agreement. Cut-offs discriminating between healthy and HF were identified at −19.3% and −15.1% for fSENC and FT, respectively. Cut-offs of −15.8% (fSENC) and −10.8% (FT) further distinguished mild from severe DI. No significant differences in area under ROC curve were identified between fSENC and FT. Bland–Altman analysis revealed a bias of −4.01%, 95% CI −4.42, −3.50 for FT, considering fSENC as reference. Linear regression suggested a factor of 0.76 to rescale fSENC-derived LV-GLS to FT. Using this factor on fSENC-derived cut-offs yielded rescaled FT LV-GLS cut-offs of −14.7% (healthy vs. HF) and −12% (mild vs. severe DI).

Conclusion
LV-GLS distinguishes healthy from HF with high accuracy. Each measurement technique requires distinct cut-offs, but rescaling factors facilitate conversion. An FT-based LV-GLS ≥ −15% simplifies HF detection in clinical routine.
Prognostic significance of estimated pulse wave velocity in critically ill patients with coronary heart disease: analysis from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database
Authors: Gu Yingzhen , Han Xiaorong , Liu Jinxing , Li Yifan , Li Zuozhi , Zhang Wei , Lv Naqiang , Dang Aimin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
There are currently no specialized risk scoring systems for critically ill patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Arterial stiffness, as measured by estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV), has emerged as a potential indicator of mortality or adverse cardiovascular events in individuals with CHD. This study aimed to evaluate the association between ePWV and all-cause mortality among critically ill patients with CHD beyond traditional risk scores.

Methods and results
This study included 11 001 participants with CHD from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV, with a 1-year follow-up. The primary endpoint was 1-year all-cause mortality, and the secondary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. Elevated ePWV was significantly associated with higher risks of in-hospital [odds ratio 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12–1.17, P &lt; 0.001] and 1-year (hazard ratio 1.21, 95% CI 1.20–1.23, P &lt; 0.001) mortality. These associations remained consistent when adjusted for traditional risk scores and potential confounders. When ePWV was integrated into traditional risk scoring models (Oxford Acute Severity of Illness Score, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, Acute Physiology Score III, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome score, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, and Logistic Organ Dysfunction System score), the predictive accuracy (area under the curve: 64.55–70.56, 64.32–72.51, 72.35–75.80, 55.58–67.68, 71.27–73.53, and 67.24–73.40, P &lt; 0.001) and reclassification (net reclassification index: 0.230, 0.268, 0.257, 0.255, 0.221, and 0.254; integrated discrimination improvement: 0.049, 0.072, 0.054, 0.068, 0.037, and 0.061, P &lt; 0.001) of these models significantly improved for 1-year mortality. Similar results were also found for in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions
Estimated pulse wave velocity is a strong independent predictor of both short- and long-term mortality in critically ill patients with CHD. Importantly, integrating ePWV into traditional risk scores significantly boosts the predictive accuracy for 1-year and in-hospital all-cause mortality.
Lobbying for Globalisation
Authors: Blanga-Gubbay Michael , Conconi Paola , Parenti Mathieu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Using detailed information from lobbying reports filed under the Lobbying Disclosure Act, we construct a unique dataset that allows us to identify which firms lobby on free trade agreements negotiated by the United States, their positions (in favour or against) and their lobbying efforts on the ratification of each trade agreement. Using this dataset, we show that lobbying on free trade agreements is dominated by large multinational firms, which are in favour of these agreements. On the intensive margin, we exploit exogenous variation across free trade agreements to show that individual firms put more effort into supporting agreements that generate larger potential gains—larger improvements in their access to foreign consumers and suppliers and smaller increases in domestic competition—and that are more likely to be opposed by politicians. To rationalise these findings, we develop a new model of endogenous lobbying on trade agreements. In this model, heterogeneous firms select into trade and choose whether and how much to spend lobbying on the ratification of a free trade agreement, and politicians may be biased in favour of or against the agreement.
Numeracy and the legacy of slavery: age-heaping in the Danish West Indies before and after emancipation from slavery, 1780s–1880s
Authors: Rönnbäck Klas , Galli Stefania , Theodoridis Dimitrios 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In many slave societies, enslaved persons were barred from acquiring much education. What skills the enslaved persons nonetheless were able to acquire, and how this changed following emancipation from slavery, is not well known. We study quantitatively how a legacy of slavery impacted upon the development of basic numeracy skills. Our results show that numeracy skills started to improve in the population under study following the legal abolition of slavery. Investments in public schooling during this period thus seem to have been important for the increased learning of basic numeracy skills.
Regulation of Kv1.2 Redox-Sensitive Gating by the Transmembrane Lectin LMAN2
Authors: Lamothe Shawn M , Das Damayantee , Wong Anson A , Hao Yubin , Maguire Aislinn D , Kerr Bradley J , Baronas Victoria A , Kurata Harley T 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Voltage gated potassium (Kv)1.2 channels influence excitability and action potential propagation in the nervous system. Unlike closely related Kv1 channels, Kv1.2 exhibits highly variable voltage-dependence of gating, attributed to regulation by unidentified extrinsic factors. Variability of Kv1.2 gating is strongly influenced by the extracellular redox potential, and we demonstrate that Kv1.2 currents in dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons exhibit similar variability and redox sensitivity as observed when the channel is heterologously expressed in cell lines. We used a functional screening approach to test the effects of candidate regulatory proteins on Kv1.2 gating, using patch clamp electrophysiology. Among 52 candidate genes tested, we observed that co-expression with the transmembrane lectin LMAN2 led to a pronounced gating shift of Kv1.2 activation to depolarized voltages in CHO and L(tk-) cell lines, accompanied by deceleration of activation kinetics. Overexpression of LMAN2 promoted a slow gating mode of Kv1.2 that mimics the functional outcomes of extracellular reducing conditions, and enhanced sensitivity to extracellular reducing agents. In contrast, shRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous LMAN2 in cell lines reduced Kv1.2 redox sensitivity and gating variability. Kv1.2 sensitivity to LMAN2 is abolished by mutation of neighboring residues F251 and T252 in the intracellular S2-S3 linker, and these also abolish redox-dependent gating changes, suggesting that LMAN2 influences the same pathway as redox for Kv1.2 modulation. In conclusion, we identified LMAN2 as a candidate regulatory protein that influences redox-dependent modulation of Kv1.2, and clarified the structural elements of the channel that are required for sensitivity.
Animal-Assisted Stress Management for Veterinary Staff
Authors: Eaton-Stull Yvonne M , Streidl Christopher , Jaffe Batya G , Kuehn Sarah , Kaufman Alexandra 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
High levels of stress have a detrimental impact on veterinary staff, negatively influencing their mental health and contributing to high rates of suicide. Veterinary social workers are tasked with providing interventions to reverse these consequences and support the professional’s health and well-being. Twenty-one veterinary staff participated in a study to evaluate the impact of animal-assisted support. Over three months, participants attended one or two therapy dog visits per month, interacting with therapy dogs for a minimum of 10 minutes each session. Pre- and postmeasures of blood pressure, heart rate, and self-reported stress were taken at each session. A measure to assess compassion fatigue and satisfaction was administered at the end of each session, and at the conclusion of the study participants’ thoughts about the visits from the therapy dogs were assessed. Significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure were found as well as significantly lower ratings of self-reported stress. Additionally, participants looked forward to these visits stating they made them happy, helped them feel better, and took their mind off their troubles. Considering the growing utilization of therapy dogs, this timely study adds to the body of evidence, highlighting the benefits of animal-assisted interventions with veterinarian staff.
Substance Use and Mental Health among Canadian Social Workers
Authors: Kiepek Niki , Beagan Brenda 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article reports the findings of an online survey designed to collect information about substance use (licit, illicit, or pharmaceutical) and mental health (depression or anxiety) among social workers. Among the 489 participants, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) screenings indicated symptoms of depression and anxiety at a higher prevalence than those of the general Canadian population. There were relatively few correlations between mental health scores and substance use. PHQ-9 total score significantly predicted past-year antidepressant use and past-year sleeping medication use. GAD-7 total score significantly predicted past-year benzodiazepine use and past-year melatonin use. Effects of substances (e.g., cannabis, alcohol, benzodiazepines, cocaine, ecstasy) were predominantly beneficial or nonproblematic (e.g., enjoyment/pleasure; socializing enhanced; concentration/focus improved). Subjective experiences of social workers should be sought to understand potential relationships between mental health scores and enhancement effects of substance use. Substances are being used, at least in part, for their performance-enhancing effects to meet the expectations of day-to-day life. Interventions can shift toward root causes, with institutions held more accountable for supporting social workers and promoting “workplace care.”
Validation of the Attitudes toward Lying to People with Dementia (ALPD) Questionnaire among Social Workers in Spain
Authors: Yusta-Tirado Rubén , Gallardo-Peralta Lorena P , Gálvez-Nieto José Luis , Sánchez-Moreno Esteban 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Gerontological interventions should address the various geriatric syndromes suffered by the elderly, such as neurodegenerative diseases. Therapeutic lying is an effective and humanizing strategy to deal with dementia, used by various disciplines in the social and healthcare fields. This intervention strategy is made up of all the different responses to reality that are given to a person with cognitive impairment. This study analyzes the validity of the Spanish adaptation of the Attitudes toward Lying to People with Dementia (ALPD) questionnaire, given to 253 social workers who directly and indirectly intervened with older people suffering from cognitive impairment in public and private centers in Spain during the year 2022. The results of the validity and reliability analyses support the psychometric quality of ALPD for use in Spanish social workers. The statistical results indicate a good fit of the bifactor model (person-focused and lie-focused) and show the questionnaire to be reliable, with adequate psychometric properties. The article concludes with a discussion of practical, formative, and ethical challenges for social work in the field of geriatric services.
Differential Impact of Adolescent or Adult Stress on Behavior and Cortical Parvalbumin Interneurons and Perineuronal Nets in Male and Female Mice
Authors: Santos-Silva Thamyris , Souza Beatriz Kinchin , Colodete Débora Akemi Endo , Campos Lara Ramos , Lima Thaís Santos Almeida , Guimarães Francisco S , Gomes Felipe V 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Stress has become a common public health concern, contributing to the rising prevalence of psychiatric disorders. Understanding the impact of stress considering critical variables, such as age, sex, and individual differences, is of the utmost importance for developing effective intervention strategies.

Methods
Stress effects (daily footshocks for 10 days) during adolescence (postnatal day [PND] 31–40) and adulthood (PND 65–74) were investigated on behavioral outcomes and parvalbumin (PV)-expressing GABAergic interneurons and their associated perineuronal nets (PNNs) in the prefrontal cortex of male and female mice 5 weeks post stress.

Results
In adulthood, adolescent stress induced behavioral alterations in male mice, including anxiety-like behaviors, social deficits, cognitive impairments, and altered dopamine system responsivity. Applying integrated behavioral z-score analysis, we identified sex-specific differences in response to adolescent stress, with males displaying greater vulnerability than females. Furthermore, adolescent-stressed male mice showed decreased PV+ and PNN+ cell numbers and PV+/PNN+ colocalization, while in females, adolescent stress reduced prefrontal PV+/PNN+ colocalization in the prefrontal cortex. Further analysis identified distinct behavioral clusters, with certain females demonstrating resilience to adolescent stress-induced deficits in sociability and PV+ cell number. Adult stress in male and female mice did not cause long-lasting changes in behavior and PV+ and PNN+ cell number.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that the timing of stress, sex, and individual variabilities seem to be determinants for the development of behavioral changes associated with psychiatric disorders, particularly in male mice during adolescence.
Low regularity error estimates for the time integration of 2D NLS
Authors: Ji Lun , Ostermann Alexander , Rousset Frédéric , Schratz Katharina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A filtered Lie splitting scheme is proposed for the time integration of the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the two-dimensional torus $\mathbb{T}^{2}$. The scheme is analysed in a framework of discrete Bourgain spaces, which allows us to consider initial data with low regularity; more precisely initial data in $H^{s}(\mathbb{T}^{2})$ with $s&gt;0$. In this way, the usual stability restriction to smooth Sobolev spaces with index $s&gt;1$ is overcome. Rates of convergence of order $\tau ^{s/2}$ in $L^{2}(\mathbb{T}^{2})$ at this regularity level are proved. Numerical examples illustrate that these convergence results are sharp.
A genome assembly for the Chryxus Arctic (Oeneis chryxus), the highest butterfly in North America
Authors: MacDonald Zachary G , Schoville Sean , Escalona Merly , Marimuthu Mohan P A , Nguyen Oanh , Chumchim Noravit , Fairbairn Colin W , Seligmann William , Toffelmier Erin , Gillespie Thomas , Shaffer H Bradley 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We describe a highly contiguous and complete diploid genome assembly for the Chryxus Arctic, Oeneis chryxus (E. Doubleday, [1849]), a butterfly species complex spanning much of northern and western North America. One subspecies, the Ivallda Arctic (O. c. ivallda), is endemic to California’s Sierra Nevada and of particular biogeographic interest and conservation concern. Extreme alpine habitats occupied by this subspecies include the summit of Mt. Whitney, California, representing the highest elevation butterfly population in North America. The assembly presented here consists of two haplotypes, 738.92 and 770.85 Mb in length, with contig N50 values of 10.49 and 10.13 Mb, scaffold N50 values of 25.35 and 25.69 Mb, scaffold L50 values of 13 and 14, and BUSCO completeness scores of 96.5 and 98.3%, respectively. More than 97% of the assembly is organized into 29 scaffolds, which likely represent whole chromosomes. This assembly is the first major genomic resource for Oeneis, providing a foundational reference for future genomic studies on the taxonomy, evolutionary history, and conservation of the genus. As part of the California Conservation Genomics Project, we will use this assembly in conjunction with short-read resequencing to resolve patterns of evolutionary differentiation, adaptive genomic variation, and gene flow among remaining O. c. ivallda populations. These data can and will be used to inform the subspecies’ conservation as warming climatic conditions continue to lead to the loss and fragmentation of alpine habitats. We also provide genome assemblies for the O. chryxus mitochondrion and a Wolbachia endosymbiont.
Health insurance continuity and mortality in children, adolescents, and young adults with blood cancer
Authors: Ji Xu , Zhang Xinyue (Elyse) , Yabroff K Robin , Stock Wendy , Cornwell Patricia , Bai Shasha , Mertens Ann C , Lipscomb Joseph , Castellino Sharon M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Many uninsured patients do not receive Medicaid coverage until a cancer diagnosis, potentially delaying access to care for early cancer detection and treatment. We examined the association of Medicaid enrollment timing and patterns with survival among children, adolescents, and young adults with diagnosed blood cancers, where disease onset can be acute and early detection is critical.

Methods
We identified 28 750 children, adolescents, and young adults (birth to 39 years of age) with newly diagnosed blood cancers from the 2006-2013 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program–Medicaid data. Enrollment patterns included continuous Medicaid enrollment (preceding through diagnosis), newly gained Medicaid coverage (at or shortly after diagnosis), other noncontinuous Medicaid enrollment, and private/other insurance. We assessed cumulative incidence of death from diagnosis, censoring at last follow-up, 5 years after diagnosis, or December 2018, whichever occurred first. Multivariable survival models estimated the association of insurance enrollment patterns with risk of death.

Results
One-fourth (26.1%) of the cohort was insured by Medicaid; of these patients, 41.1% had continuous Medicaid enrollment, 34.9% had newly gained Medicaid, and 24.0% had other or noncontinuous enrollment. The cumulative incidence of all-cause death 5 year after diagnosis was highest in patients with newly gained Medicaid (30.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 28.4% to 31.9%), followed by other noncontinuous enrollment (23.2%, 95% CI = 21.3% to 25.2%), continuous Medicaid enrollment (20.5%, 95% CI = 19.1% to 21.9%), and private/other insurance (11.2%, 95% CI = 10.7% to 11.7%). In multivariable models, newly gained Medicaid was associated with a higher risk of all-cause death (hazard ratio = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.27 to 1.53) and cancer-specific death (hazard ratio = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.35 to 1.68) compared with continuous Medicaid.

Conclusions
Continuous Medicaid coverage is associated with survival benefits among pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients with diagnosed blood cancers; however, fewer than half of Medicaid-insured patients have continuous coverage before diagnosis.
Bildung, hermeneutics, divergence: learning in the dystopian university
Authors: Cuccurullo Milena 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this article, I offer an account of the 2014 dystopian-fiction film Divergent, based on the novel by Veronica Roth. The film tells the story of Beatrice, a young woman living in a postapocalyptic Chicago, and her process of enrolment into the higher education system. I argue that Beatrice’s troubled story can help us to uncover the high tension between today’s university’s self-alienating mechanisms and the thirst for Bildung. I suggest that the notion of ‘divergence’ can help to develop an account of Bildung in an innovative direction. ‘Divergence’ is a term used in the film to define individuals—like Beatrice—who cannot fit into the categories established by the government to sort students into appropriate educational pathways. I link the notion of ‘divergence’ to an interpretation of Gadamer’s account of Bildung. First, I draw on Gadamer’s thinking to suggest the metaphor of the university as a ‘crossroads’ and outline the idea of the risks and possibilities that are attached to authentic learning experience. Then I explore the self-alienating mechanisms that Gadamer saw at work within the postindustrial structure of the university. In conclusion, I develop Gadamer’s notion of self-education along the lines of the idea of divergence. While some argue that the university can still be a place for human encounter and gathering, I aim to show that, without divergence, it remains a site of displacement, or a dystopia.
Antimicrobial potential of Streptomyces sp. NP73 isolated from the forest soil of Northeast India against multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli
Authors: Konwar Aditya Narayan , Basak Surajit , Saikia Kangkon , Gurumayum Shalini , Panthi Nitya , Borah Jagat Chandra , Thakur Debajit 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study reports the isolation and characterization of a Streptomyces sp. from soil, capable of producing bioactive secondary metabolites active against a variety of bacterial human pathogens. We targeted the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC-BAA 2469, a clinically relevant strain of bacteria harbouring resistance genes for carbapenems, extended spectrum beta-lactams, tetracyclines, fluoroquinones, etc. Preliminary screening using the spot inoculation technique identified Streptomyces sp. NP73 as the potent strain among the 74 isolated Actinomycetia strain. 16S rRNA gene and whole genome sequencing (WGS) confirmed its taxonomical identity and helped in the construction of the phylogenetic tree. WGS revealed the predicted pathways and biosynthetic gene clusters responsible for producing various types of antibiotics including the isolated compound. Bioactivity guided fractionation and chemical characterization of the active fraction, carried out using liquid chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, infra-red spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, led to the tentative identification of the active compound as Pyrrolo[1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-, a diketopiperazine molecule. This compound exhibited excellent antimicrobial and anti-biofilm properties against E. coli ATCC-BAA 2469 with an MIC value of 15.64 µg ml−1, and the low cytotoxicity of the compound identified in this study provides hope for future drug development.