bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ability of Functional Performance Tests to Identify Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rosen Adam B. , Needle Alan R. , Ko Jupil 
Published: December 2017

Objective:
The purpose of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to determine the effectiveness of functional performance tests (FPTs) in differentiating between individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) and healthy controls.

Data Sources:
The National Library of Medicine Catalog (PubMed), the Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and the SPORTDiscus, from inception to June 2017 were searched. Search terms consisted of: “Functional Performance Test*” OR “Dynamic Balance Test*” OR “Postural Stability Test*” OR “Star Excursion Balance Test*” OR “Hop Test*” AND “Ankle Instability” OR “Ankle Sprain.” Included articles assessed differences in FPTs in patients with CAI compared with a control group.

Main Results:
Included studies were assessed for methodological quality and level of evidence. Individual and mean effect sizes were also calculated for FPTs from the included articles. Twenty-nine studies met the criteria and were analyzed. The most common FPTs were timed-hop tests, side-hop, multiple-hop test, single-hop for distance, foot-lift test, and the Star Excursion Balance Tests (SEBTs). The side-hop (g = −1.056, P = 0.009, n = 7), timed-hop tests (g = −0.958, P = 0.002, n = 9), multiple-hop test (g = 1.399, P < 0.001, n = 3), and foot-lift tests (g = −0.761, P = 0.020, n = 3) demonstrated the best utility with large mean effect sizes, whereas the SEBT anteromedial (g = 0.326, P = 0.022, n = 7), medial (g = 0.369, P = 0.006, n = 7), and posteromedial (g = 0.374, P < 0.001, n = 13) directions had moderate effects.

Conclusions:
The side-hop, timed-hopping, multiple-hop, and foot-lift seem the best FPTs to evaluate individuals with CAI. There was a large degree of heterogeneity and inconsistent reporting, potentially limiting the clinical implementation of these FPTs. These tests are cheap, effective, alternatives compared with instrumented measures.
Tellurium Notebooks - An Environment for Dynamical Model Development, Reproducibility, and Reuse
Authors: Medley J Kyle , Choi Kiri , König Matthias , Smith Lucian , Gu Stanley , Hellerstein Joseph , Sealfon Stuart C. , Sauro Herbert M 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe considerable difficulty encountered in reproducing the results of published dynamical models limits validation, exploration and reuse of this increasingly large biomedical research resource. To address this problem, we have developed Tellurium Notebook, a software system that facilitates building reproducible dynamical models and reusing models by 1) supporting the COMBINE archive format during model development for capturing model information in an exchangeable format and 2) enabling users to easily simulate and edit public COMBINE-compliant models from public repositories to facilitate studying model dynamics, variants and test cases. Tellurium Notebook, a Python–based Jupyter–like environment, is designed to seamlessly inter-operate with these community standards by automating conversion between COMBINE standards formulations and corresponding in–line, human–readable representations. Thus, Tellurium brings to systems biology the strategy used by other literate notebook systems such as Mathematica. These capabilities allow users to edit every aspect of the standards–compliant models and simulations, run the simulations in–line, and re–export to standard formats. We provide several use cases illustrating the advantages of our approach and how it allows development and reuse of models without requiring technical knowledge of standards. Adoption of Tellurium should accelerate model development, reproducibility and reuse.Author summaryThere is considerable value to systems and synthetic biology in creating reproducible models. An essential element of reproducibility is the use of community standards, an often challenging undertaking for modelers. This article describes Tellurium Notebook, a tool for developing dynamical models that provides an intuitive approach to building and reusing models built with community standards. Tellurium automates embedding human–readable representations of COMBINE archives in literate coding notebooks, bringing to systems biology this strategy central to other literate notebook systems such as Mathematica. We show that the ability to easily edit this human–readable representation enables users to test models under a variety of conditions, thereby providing a way to create, reuse, and modify standard–encoded models and simulations, regardless of the user’s level of technical knowledge of said standards.
Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol Attenuates Oxycodone Self-Administration Under Extended Access Conditions
Authors: Nguyen Jacques D. , Grant Yanabel , Creehan Kevin M. , Hwang Candy S. , Vandewater Sophia A. , Janda Kim D. , Cole Maury , Taffe Michael A. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractGrowing nonmedical use of prescription opioids is a global problem, motivating research on ways to reduce use and combat addiction. Medical cannabis (“medical marijuana”) legalization has been associated epidemiologically with reduced opioid harms and cannabinoids have been shown to modulate effects of opioids in animal models. This study was conducted to determine if Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) enhances the behavioral effects of oxycodone.Male rats were trained to intravenously self-administer (IVSA) oxycodone (0.15 mg/kg/infusion) during 1 h, 4 h or 8 h sessions. Following acquisition rats were exposed to THC by vapor inhalation (1 h and 8 h groups) or injection (0-10 mg/kg, i.p.; all groups) prior to IVSA sessions. Fewer oxycodone infusions were obtained by rats following vaporized or injected THC compared with vehicle treatment prior to the session. Follow-up studies demonstrated parallel dose-dependent effects of THC, i.p., on self-administration of different per-infusion doses of oxycodone and a preserved loading dose early in the session. These patterns are inconsistent with behavioral suppression. Additional groups of male and female Wistar rats were assessed for nociception following inhalation of vaporized THC (50 mg/mL), oxycodone (100 mg/mL) or the combination. Tail withdrawal latency was increased more by the THC/oxycodone combination compared to either drug alone. Similar additive antinociceptive effects were produced by injection of THC (5.0 mg/kg, i.p.) and oxycodone (2.0 mg/kg, s.c.). Together these data demonstrate additive effects of THC and oxycodone and suggest the potential use of THC to enhance therapeutic efficacy, and to reduce the abuse, of opioids.
Comparative analysis of C‐type lectin domain proteins in the ghost moth, Thitarodes xiaojinensis (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae)
Authors: Meng Qian , Zhang Ji‐Hong , Zhang Huan , Zhou Gui‐Ling , Ni Ruo‐Yao , Zhao Yan‐Ni , Qin Qi‐Lian , Zou Zhen 
Published: December 2017

AbstractInsects have a large family of C‐type lectins involved in cell adhesion, pathogen recognition and activation of immune responses. In this study, 32 transcripts encoding C‐type lectin domain proteins (CTLDPs) were identified from the Thitarodes xiaojinensis transcriptome. According to their domain structures, six CTLDPs with one carbohydrate‐recognition domain (CRD) were classified into the CTL‐S subfamily. The other 23 CTLDPs with two CRDs were grouped into the immulectin (IML) subfamily. The remaining three with extra regulatory domains were sorted into the CTL‐X subfamily. Phylogenetic analysis showed that CTL‐S and CTL‐X members from different insects could form orthologous groups. In contrast, no T. xiaojinensis IML orthologues were found in other insects. Remarkable lineage‐specific expansion in this subfamily was observed reflecting that these CTLDPs, as important receptors, have evolved diversified members in response to a variety of microbes. Prediction of binding ligands revealed that T. xiaojinensis, a cold‐adapted species, conserved the ability of CRDs to combine with Ca2+ to keep its receptors from freezing. Comparative analysis of induction of CTLDP genes after different immune challenges indicated that IMLs might play critical roles in immune defenses. This study examined T. xiaojinensis CTLDPs and provides a basis for further studies of their characteristics.
Aldosterone and Insulin Resistance: Vicious Combination in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Wakino Shu , Minakuchi Hitoshi , Miya Keiko , Takamatsu Norimichi , Tada Hiroaki , Tani Erina , Inamoto Hajime , Minakuchi Jun , Kawashima Shu , Itoh Hiroshi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractRecently, we demonstrated that plasma aldosterone contributed to insulin resistance in chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study is the clinical impact of this relationship in hemodialysis patients. In a cross section study using a total of 128 hemodialysis patients, multiple regression analysis revealed that plasma aldosterone levels were independently associated with HOMA‐IR, insulin resistance index. This association was found to be more stringent in diabetic patients than in non‐diabetic patients. Aldosterone levels were associated with cardiac hypertrophy and carotid artery stenosis. HOMA‐IR was associated with cardiac hypertrophy. The patients whose aldosterone and HOMA‐IR were above the top tertile of each parameter in this cohort showed more severe cardiac hypertrophy and lower contractile function as compared with the patients whose aldosterone levels and HOMA‐IR are below the lowest tertile of each parameter. In conclusion, in hemodialysis patients, aldosterone levels and insulin resistance are closely interrelated and the constellation of the two is related to severe cardiovascular tissue damages.
A new association between CDK5RAP2 microcephaly and congenital cataracts
Authors: Alfares Ahmed , Alhufayti Ibtihal , Alsubaie Lamia , Alowain Mohammed , Almass Rawan , Alfadhel Majid , Kaya Namik , Eyaid Wafaa 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIntroductionPrimary microcephaly type 3 is a genetically heterogeneous condition caused by a homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in CDK5 regulatory subunit associated protein 2 (CDK5RAP2) and characterized by reduced head circumference (<5th percentile) with additional phenotypes varying from pigmentary abnormalities to sensorineural hearing loss. Until now, congenital cataracts have not been reported in patients with primary microcephaly type 3.Clinical reportWe report multiple affected family members from a consanguineous Saudi family with microcephaly and congenital cataracts. We utilized a next‐generation sequencing–based microcephaly gene panel that revealed a CDK5RAP2 variant (c.4055A>G; p.Glu1352Gly) as the most plausible candidate for the likely etiology in this family. Then we performed family segregation analysis using Sanger sequencing, autozygosity mapping, and whole exome sequencing, all of which revealed no other possible disease‐causing variants.ConclusionHere we report on a new clinical manifestation of CDK5RAP2 and expand the phenotype of primary microcephaly type 3.
Prophylactic insertion of large bore peripheral intravenous catheters in maternity patients for postpartum haemorrhage: A cohort study
Authors: Webster Joan , Larsen Emily , Booker Catriona , Laws Janelle , Marsh Nicole 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundInsertion of a 16 or 18 gauge peripheral intravenous catheter is a potentially painful intervention but one frequently experienced by pregnant women when admitted to hospital. Although the rationale for this practice is ‘in case of an emergency bleed’, evidence for using large‐bore catheters in this population is absent.Aims(i) To identify the proportion of 18 gauge or larger peripheral catheters inserted into maternity patients; and (ii) to investigate the proportion of women who require blood products during their perinatal period.Materials and MethodsData from a sub‐set of maternity patients who were included in a study of risk factors for peripheral intravenous access failure were analysed using descriptive statistics.ResultsOne hundred and fourteen catheters were inserted in 95 women. Of the 95 first‐inserted catheters, 84 (88.4%) were 16 or 18 gauge and 69 (82.1%) of these were placed in the hand or wrist. Four women (4%) received blood products, all were for non‐urgent transfusions.ConclusionPostpartum haemorrhage requiring a blood transfusion remains a relatively rare event. Comprehensive risk assessment should be undertaken before inserting large‐bore catheters in perinatal women. Small veins in the hand and wrist should not be used for large bore catheters.
Utility and cost evaluation of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Eddowes P. J. , McDonald N. , Davies N. , Semple S. I. K. , Kendall T. J. , Hodson J. , Newsome P. N. , Flintham R. B. , Wesolowski R. , Blake L. , Duarte R. V. , Kelly C. J. , Herlihy A. H. , Kelly M. D. , Olliff S. P. , Hübscher S. G. , Fallowfield J. A. , Hirschfield G. M. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryBackgroundValidated diagnostic tools that are accurate, cost effective and acceptable to patients are required for disease stratification and monitoring in NAFLD.AimsTo investigate the performance and cost of multiparametric MRI alongside existing biomarkers in the assessment of NAFLD.MethodsAdult patients undergoing standard of care liver biopsy for NAFLD were prospectively recruited at two UK liver centres and underwent multiparametric MRI, blood sampling and transient elastography withing 2 weeks of liver biopsy. Non‐invasive markers were compared to histology as the gold standard.ResultsData were obtained in 50 patients and 6 healthy volunteers. Corrected T1 (cT1) correlated with NAFLD activity score (ρ = 0.514, P < .001). cT1, enhanced liver fibrosis (ELF) test and liver stiffness differentiated patients with simple steatosis and NASH with AUROC (95% CI) of 0.69 (0.50‐0.88), 0.87 (0.77‐0.79) and 0.82 (0.70‐0.94) respectively and healthy volunteers from patients with AUROC (95% CI) of 0.93 (0.86‐1.00), 0.81 (0.69‐0.92) and 0.89 (0.77‐1.00) respectively. For the risk stratification of NAFLD, multiparametric MRI could save £150,218 per 1000 patients compared to biopsy. Multiparametric MRI did not discriminate between individual histological fibrosis stages in this population (P = .068).ConclusionsMultiparametric MRI accurately identified patients with steatosis, stratifies those with NASH or simple steatosis and reliably excludes clinically significant liver disease with superior negative predictive value (83.3%) to liver stiffness (42.9%) and ELF (57.1%). For the risk stratification of NAFLD, multiparametric MRI was cost effective and, combined with transient elastography, had the lowest cost per correct diagnosis.
Different contributions of chemokine N‐terminal features attest to a different ligand binding mode and a bias towards activation of ACKR3/CXCR7 compared with CXCR4 and CXCR3
Authors: Szpakowska Martyna , Nevins Amanda M , Meyrath Max , Rhainds David , D'huys Thomas , Guité‐Vinet François , Dupuis Nadine , Gauthier Pierre‐Arnaud , Counson Manuel , Kleist Andrew , St‐Onge Geneviève , Hanson Julien , Schols Dominique , Volkman Brian F , Heveker Nikolaus , Chevigné Andy 
Published: December 2017

Background and PurposeChemokines and their receptors form an intricate interaction and signalling network that plays critical roles in various physiological and pathological cellular processes. The high promiscuity and apparent redundancy of this network makes probing individual chemokine/receptor interactions and functional effects, as well as targeting individual receptor axes for therapeutic applications, challenging. Despite poor sequence identity, the N‐terminal regions of chemokines, which play a key role in their activity and selectivity, contain several conserved features. Thus far little is known regarding the molecular basis of their interactions with typical and atypical chemokine receptors or the conservation of their contributions across chemokine‐receptor pairs.Experimental ApproachWe used a broad panel of chemokine variants and modified peptides derived from the N‐terminal region of chemokines CXCL12, CXCL11 and vCCL2, to compare the contributions of various features to binding and activation of their shared receptors, the two typical, canonical G protein‐signalling receptors, CXCR4 and CXCR3, as well as the atypical scavenger receptor CXCR7/ACKR3, which shows exclusively arrestin‐dependent activity.Key ResultsWe provide molecular insights into the plasticity of the ligand‐binding pockets of these receptors, their chemokine binding modes and their activation mechanisms. Although the chemokine N‐terminal region is a critical determinant, neither the most proximal residues nor the N‐loop are essential for binding and activation of ACKR3, as distinct from binding and activation of CXCR4 and CXCR3.Conclusion and ImplicationsThese results suggest a different interaction mechanism between this atypical receptor and its ligands and illustrate its strong propensity to activation.
Application of a Dynamic Map for Learning, Communicating, Navigating, and Improving Therapeutic Development
Authors: Wagner John A. , Dahlem Andrew M. , Hudson Lynn D. , Terry Sharon F. , Altman Russ B. , Gilliland C. Taylor , DeFeo Christopher , Austin Christopher P. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDrug discovery and development is commonly schematized as a “pipeline,” and, although appreciated by drug developers to be a useful oversimplification, this cartology may perpetuate inaccurate notions of straightforwardness and is of minimal utility for process engineering to improve efficiency. To create a more granular schema, a group of drug developers, researchers, patient advocates, and regulators developed a crowdsourced atlas of the steps involved in translating basic discoveries into health interventions, annotated with the steps that are particularly prone to difficulty or failure. This Drug Discovery, Development, and Deployment Map (4DM), provides a network view of the process, which will be useful for communication and education to those new to the field, orientation and navigation of individual projects, and prioritization of technology development and re‐engineering endeavors to improve efficiency and effectiveness. The 4DM is freely available for utilization, modification, and further development by stakeholders across the translational ecosystem.
Echocardiographic parameters predicting acute hemodynamically significant mitral regurgitation during transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Ito Asahiro , Iwata Shinichi , Mizutani Kazuki , Nonin Shinichi , Nishimura Shinsuke , Takahashi Yosuke , Yamada Tokuhiro , Murakami Takashi , Shibata Toshihiko , Yoshiyama Minoru 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundAlteration in mitral valve morphology resulting from retrograde stiff wire entanglement sometimes causes hemodynamically significant acute mitral regurgitation (MR) during transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Little is known about the echocardiographic parameters related to hemodynamically significant acute MR.Methods and ResultsThis study population consisted of 64 consecutive patients who underwent transfemoral TAVR. We defined hemodynamically significant acute MR as changes in the severity of MR with persistent hypotension (systolic blood pressure < 80–90 mm Hg or mean arterial pressure 30 mm Hg lower than baseline). Hemodynamically significant acute MR occurred in 5 cases (7.8%). Smaller left ventricular end‐systolic diameter (LVDs), larger ratios of the coiled section of stiff wire tip to LVDs (wire‐width/LVDs), and higher Wilkins score were significantly associated with hemodynamically significant acute MR (P < .05), whereas the parameters of functional MR (annular area, anterior‐posterior diameter, tenting area, and coaptation length) were not. Moreover, when patients were divided into 4 groups according to wire‐width/LVDs and Wilkins score, the group with the larger wire‐width/LVDs and higher Wilkins score improved prediction rates (P < .05).ConclusionsSmall left ventricle or wire oversizing and calcific mitral apparatus were predictive of hemodynamically significant acute MR. These findings are important for risk stratification, and careful monitoring using intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography may improve the safety in this population.
Environmental limitation mapping of potential biomass resources across the conterminous United States
Authors: Daly Christopher , Halbleib Michael D. , Hannaway David B. , Eaton Laurence M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSeveral crops have recently been identified as potential dedicated bioenergy feedstocks for the production of power, fuels, and bioproducts. Despite being identified as early as the 1980s, no systematic work has been undertaken to characterize the spatial distribution of their long‐term production potentials in the United states. Such information is a starting point for planners and economic modelers, and there is a need for this spatial information to be developed in a consistent manner for a variety of crops, so that their production potentials can be intercompared to support crop selection decisions. As part of the Sun Grant Regional Feedstock Partnership (RFP), an approach to mapping these potential biomass resources was developed to take advantage of the informational synergy realized when bringing together coordinated field trials, close interaction with expert agronomists, and spatial modeling into a single, collaborative effort. A modeling and mapping system called PRISM‐ELM was designed to answer a basic question: How do climate and soil characteristics affect the spatial distribution and long‐term production patterns of a given crop? This empirical/mechanistic/biogeographical hybrid model employs a limiting factor approach, where productivity is determined by the most limiting of the factors addressed in submodels that simulate water balance, winter low‐temperature response, summer high‐temperature response, and soil pH, salinity, and drainage. Yield maps are developed through linear regressions relating soil and climate attributes to reported yield data. The model was parameterized and validated using grain yield data for winter wheat and maize, which served as benchmarks for parameterizing the model for upland and lowland switchgrass, CRP grasses, Miscanthus, biomass sorghum, energycane, willow, and poplar. The resulting maps served as potential production inputs to analyses comparing the viability of biomass crops under various economic scenarios. The modeling and parameterization framework can be expanded to include other biomass crops.
Physicochemical properties of soy protein prepared by enzyme‐assisted countercurrent extraction
Authors: Wei Cui‐Lan , Lu Wei , Yang Juan , Wang Ming‐Ping , Yang Xiao‐Quan , Wang Jin‐Mei 
Published: December 2017

SummarySynchronous improvements of both nutritional properties and the flavour of protein by optimising preparation processes are highly challenging. The prehydrolysis of soy meals by cocktail enzyme (β‐glucosidase, phytase and acid protease) treatment and subsequent countercurrent extraction were designed based on similar hydrolysis conditions. The composition, flavour volatiles and physicochemical properties of soy proteins were investigated. Compared to alkaline extraction and acid precipitation, enzyme‐assisted countercurrent extraction significantly increased protein yield and carbohydrate content, accompanied by a decrease in protein purity. This protein exhibited larger molecular weight distribution, less flavour volatiles, higher thermal stability and surface hydrophobicity, as evidenced by higher denaturation temperature (Td) and enthalpy change (ΔH) of protein. The conversion of isoflavone glycosides to aglycone and the partial degradation of phytic acid were observed for enzyme‐prepared soy proteins. These results suggest a feasible protocol for producing a nutrient‐improved soy protein with excellent flavour and thermal stability.