bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tooth‐ and implant‐related prognostic factors in treatment planning
Authors: Orishko Anastasiya , Imber Jean‐Claude , Roccuzzo Andrea , Stähli Alexandra , Salvi Giovanni E. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFollowing a comprehensive patient examination, including the assessment of periodontal and peri‐implant diseases as well as considering the patient's needs, a pretherapeutic prognosis for each tooth and implant is given. Teeth and implants with a secure pretherapeutic prognosis require simple procedures and may be regarded as secure abutments for function and with a doubtful pretherapeutic prognosis usually need a comprehensive therapy. Such teeth and implants must be brought into the category with a secure prognosis by means of additional therapy such as endodontic, restorative, and surgical procedures. Teeth and implants with a hopeless pretherapeutic prognosis should be extracted/explanted during the initial phase of cause‐related therapy (i.e., infection control). For example, teeth with vertical root fracture or unrestorable caries and implants with mobility or unrestorable malposition fall into the category of hopeless units. The primary goal of periodontal and peri‐implant therapy should be to arrest disease progression. The latest consensus statement highlights that periodontitis can be successfully controlled and treated teeth can be retained for life. Nevertheless, for patients with uncontrolled contributing factors, the endpoints might not always be achievable, and low disease activity may be an acceptable therapeutic goal. Similarly, the management of peri‐implantitis frequently requires surgical intervention following nonsurgical therapy due to incomplete treatment outcomes. Different surgical modalities can be effective and lead to significant improvement; however, achieving complete resolution of peri‐implantitis is challenging, not always predictable, and can depend on multiple baseline factors. Therefore, this review aims at summarising available evidence on the rationale for incorporating systemic, lifestyle‐related, clinical, and radiographic prognostic factors into treatment planning of patients diagnosed with periodontal and peri‐implant diseases.
Sleep and periodontal health
Authors: Carra Maria Clotilde , Balagny Pauline , Bouchard Philippe 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSleep is fundamental for health and well‐being. An adequate amount and quality of sleep is a cardinal component of a healthy lifestyle at the basis of the prevention of many non‐communicable chronic diseases. Recent evidence suggests that sleep disorders, particularly obstructive sleep apnea, represent an emerging risk factor for periodontal health. This review article provides a critical appraisal of the existing literature concerning the association between sleep duration, sleep quality, sleep disorders in general, and obstructive sleep apnea with periodontal diseases, including gingivitis and periodontitis. The putative mechanisms underlying these associations are described as well as the potential clinical implications for diagnosis and treatment.
Equine ART and antral follicle count: Can we deepen our understanding to improve outcomes?
Authors: Le Breton Aurore , Lewis Niamh 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAssisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) are performed worldwide in the equine industry to produce genetically valuable foals. Among them, ovum pick up (OPU) combined with intra‐cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) can now be more efficient than embryo transfer (ET) under optimal conditions. However, OPU is not a benign procedure for the mare and the process is costly. Improved efficiency is therefore in the interest of everyone, maximizing mare welfare and optimizing economics for the client. One of the key factors of success is the antral follicle count (AFC) at the time of OPU and subsequently the number of oocytes obtained. Variations in AFC are reported between individuals and between geographical areas. This leads to a significant increase in numbers of embryos produced per session in some countries compared to others, independent of the laboratory efficiency. This article revisits the basics of folliculogenesis involved in establishment of the antral follicle population and explores work in other species given the paucity of equine research in this area. The aim of the review is to elucidate interesting areas of further research that could generate essential information for clinicians and clients about the management and selection of the donor mare for OPU and potentially identify pharmacological targets for manipulation.
Heuristics for Solver-Aware Systems Architecting: A Reinforcement Learning Approach
Authors: Gadi Vikranth S. , Topcu Taylan G. , Szajnfarber Zoe , Panchal Jitesh H. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe crowdsourcing literature has shown that domain experts are not always the best solvers for complex system design problems. Under certain conditions, novices and specialists in adjacent domains can provide novel solutions at lower costs. Additionally, the best types of solvers for different problems are dependent on the architecture of complex systems. The joint consideration of solver assignment and system decomposition, referred to as solver-aware system architecting (SASA), expands traditional system architecting practices by considering solver characteristics and contractual incentive mechanisms in the design process and aims to improve complex system design and innovation by leveraging the strengths of domain experts, crowds, and specialists for different parts of the problem. The joint consideration of problem decomposition and solver assignment decisions in SASA renders the design space exponentially more complex. Therefore, new computationally efficient and mathematically rigorous methods are needed to explore this high-dimensional space and extract reliable heuristics. To address this need, this paper presents a computational approach using a Markov decision process (MDP) formulation, Q-learning, and Gaussian mixture models. Together, these techniques explore the large space of possible solver–module assignments by modeling the sequential nature of solver assignment decisions, capturing these temporal dependencies, thereby enabling optimization for long-term expected rewards, and analyzing reward distributions. The approach identifies heuristics for solver assignment based on the designer’s preference for cost-performance trade-off through the parameterized reward function. The approach is demonstrated using a simple and idealized golf problem, which has characteristics similar to design problems, including how the problem is decomposed into interdependent modules and can be solved by different solvers with different strengths that interact with the module type. The results show that the proposed approach effectively elicits a rich set of heuristics applicable in various contexts for the golf problem and can be extended to more complex systems design problems.
Push Recovery of a Biped in Different Stance Scenarios
Authors: Dan Alinjar , Saha S. K. , Rama Krishna K. , Sawant Amit , Bhullar Gurman Singh , Perween Tarannum 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Push recovery of a biped robot is challenging because of the complexity of biped locomotion contributed by its constraints. The present work proposes a novel optimized control methodology for push recovery against external disturbances utilizing “Centroidal Momentum” and “Momentum Jacobian Matrix” (MJM). The novelty of this work lies in the optimization framework of the control problem that includes an eigenanalysis of MJM. The optimization considers various constraints associated with the biped locomotion while minimizing the necessary cost function. Successful push recoveries of a biped from different stance scenarios (single leg stance, double leg stance, double leg stance at different heights) are demonstrated using the unique methodology proposed in this work. Such a unique methodology using eigenanalysis of MJM for push recovery under diverse stance scenarios has yet to be described in the literature. The balance stability of the robot after being pushed is evaluated by its Center of Mass (CoM) motion and Zero Moment Point (ZMP) criteria. It is also demonstrated that the proposed methodology in the present work can recover a biped from a greater impulse force normalized by biped weight compared to other existing push recovery methods. A new term called “Effective Disturbance Ratio” (EDR) is introduced to perform this comparison.
Harnessing Deep Learning to Solve Inverse Transient Heat Transfer With Periodic Boundary Condition
Authors: Bazgir Adib , Zhang Yuwen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Accessing temperature data in certain manufacturing and heat treatment processes can be a challenge. Inverse heat conduction problems (IHCPs) offer a solution, allowing us to determine temperatures in inaccessible locations using transient temperature or heat flux measurements from accessible surfaces. This study investigates the capability of a deep neural network (DNN) approach for predicting the front surface temperature and heat flux from the measured back surface temperature and heat flux. The back surface temperature and heat flux are determined using a direct python script code. The inverse solution is then applied with the help of the fully dense DNN approach. To prevent overfit and nongeneralization issues, the regularization and dropout techniques are embedded into the neural network framework. The results reveal that the DNN approach provides more accurate prediction compared to the previous mathematical frameworks such as the conjugate gradient method (CGM). Moreover, the model is tested by noisy data (from 1% to 10%) causing instabilities in the recovered front surface conditions. Despite the presence of noise, the model can overcome this difficulty and is able to predict the desired parameters with a good accordance. Another significant potential of the developed model is its unique capability to deal with the highly periodic heat flux at boundary conditions.
Overexpression of diglucosyldiacylglycerol synthase leads to daptomycin resistance in
Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Yamamoto Ryogo , Ishikawa Kazuya , Miyoshi Yusuke , Furuta Kazuyuki , Miyoshi Shin-Ichi , Kaito Chikara 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

The lipopeptide antibiotic daptomycin exhibits bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria by forming a complex with phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and lipid II in the cell membrane, causing membrane perforation. With the emergence of daptomycin-resistant bacteria, understanding the mechanisms of bacterial resistance to daptomycin has gained great importance. In this study, we aimed to identify the genetic factors contributing to daptomycin resistance in
Bacillus subtilis
, a model Gram-positive bacterium. Our findings demonstrated that overexpression of
ugtP
, which encodes diglucosyldiacylglycerol synthase, induces daptomycin resistance in
B. subtilis
. Specifically, overexpression of
ugtP
resulted in increased levels of diglucosyldiacylglycerol (Glc
2
DAG) and decreased levels of acidic phospholipids cardiolipin and PG, as well as the basic phospholipid lysylphosphatidylglycerol. However,
ugtP
overexpression did not alter the cell surface charge and the susceptibility to the cationic antimicrobial peptide nisin or the cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide. Furthermore, by serial passaging in the presence of daptomycin, we obtained daptomycin-resistant mutants carrying
ugtP
mutations. These mutants showed increased levels of Glc
2
DAG and a >4-fold increase in the minimum inhibitory concentration of daptomycin. These results suggest that increased Glc
2
DAG levels, driven by
ugtP
overexpression, modify the phospholipid composition and confer daptomycin resistance in
B. subtilis
without altering the cell surface charge of the bacteria.

IMPORTANCE

Daptomycin is one of the last-resort drugs for the treatment of methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
infections, and the emergence of daptomycin-resistant bacteria has become a major concern. Understanding the mechanism of daptomycin resistance is important for establishing clinical countermeasures against daptomycin-resistant bacteria. In the present study, we found that overexpression of
ugtP
, which encodes diglucosyldiacylglycerol synthase, induces daptomycin resistance in
B. subtilis
, a model Gram-positive bacteria. The overexpression of
UgtP
increased diglucosyldiacylglycerol levels, resulting in altered phospholipid composition and daptomycin resistance. These findings are important for establishing clinical strategies against daptomycin-resistant bacteria, including their detection and management.
Air Composition over the Russian Arctic–4: Atmospheric Aerosols
Authors: Antokhina O. Yu. , Antokhin P. N. , Arshinova V. G. , Arshinov M. Yu. , Belan B. D. , Belan S. B. , Berdashkinova O. I. , Golobokova L. P. , Davydov D. K. , Ivlev G. A. , Kozlov A. V. , Onischuk N. A. , Rasskazchikova T. M. , Savkin D. E. , Simonenkov D. V. , Sklyadneva T. K. , Tolmachev G. N. , Fofonov A. V. , Khodzher T. V. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This work presents the analysis of the spatial distribution of number concentration, size distribution, and chemical composition of aerosol particles measured for the first time over the seas of the Russian Arctic. Various types of vertical distribution of the number concentration were recorded, characteristic of both coastal marine and continental areas. Most of them turned out to be of the continental type. Attention is also drawn to the almost complete absence of coarse particles above 2–3 km over all seas. The chemical composition of the Arctic aerosol at altitudes of both 200 m and 5000 m contains ions that can be referred to as both marine and continental. The identifiable carbon- and salt-free elemental part of the aerosol over the Arctic is 3–4 times larger than that of ions. Over all seas and at both altitudes, the Arctic aerosols mainly contain elements of terrigenous origin – Al, Cu, Fe, and Si. Over almost all seas, except the Barents Sea, Si is dominant in the elemental composition of the aerosol, its contribution over the Chukchi Sea reaching 85%. The analysis of backward trajectories showed that in all cases considered, whether the aerosol was formed over the continent or sea, air trajectories passed both over sea and over land. In this case, the formed particles could be enriched with additional ions and elements along their pathway. This work completes a cycle of the papers, devoted to studying air composition, which was carried out over the seas of the Russian Arctic in September 2020. Our results can be used to model the atmospheric processes occurring in the Arctic under the conditions of changing climate.
Prostate cancer incidence and mortality in Europe and implications for screening activities: population based study
Authors: Vaccarella Salvatore , Li Mengmeng , Bray Freddie , Kvale Rune , Serraino Diego , Lorenzoni Valentina , Auvinen Anssi , Dal Maso Luigino 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
To provide a baseline comparative assessment of the main epidemiological features of prostate cancer in European populations as background for the proposed EU screening initiatives.

Design
Population based study.

Setting
26 European countries, 19 in the EU, 1980-2017. National or subnational incidence data were extracted from population based cancer registries from the International Agency for Research on Cancer’s Global Cancer Observatory, and mortality data from the World Health Organization.

Population
Men aged 35-84 years from 26 eligible countries.

Results
Over the past decades, incidence rates for prostate cancer varied markedly in both magnitude and rate of change, in parallel with temporal variations in prostate specific antigen testing. The variation in incidence across countries was largest around the mid-2000s, with rates spanning from 46 (Ukraine) to 336 (France) per 100 000 men. Thereafter, incidence started to decline in several countries, but with the latest rates nevertheless remaining raised and increasing again in the most recent quinquennium in several countries. Mortality rates during 1980-2020 were much lower and less variable than incidence rates, with steady declines in most countries and lesser temporal differences between countries. Overall, the up to 20-fold variation in prostate cancer incidence contrasts with a corresponding fivefold variation in mortality. Also, the inverse U-shape of the age specific curves for incidence contrasted with the mortality pattern, which increased progressively with age. The difference between the highest and lowest incidence rates across countries ranged from 89.6 per 100 000 men in 1985 to 385.8 per 100 000 men in 2007, while mortality rates across countries ranged from 23.7 per 100 000 men in 1983 to 35.6 per 100 000 men in 2006.

Conclusions
The epidemiological features of prostate cancer presented here are indicative of overdiagnosis varying over time and across populations. Although the results are ecological in nature and must be interpreted with caution, they do support previous recommendations that any future implementation of prostate cancer screening must be carefully designed with an emphasis on minimising the harms of overdiagnosis.
Pharmaceutical intervention for hypertension in a rural district of the Republic of Zambia: a model-based economic evaluation
Authors: Yokobori Yuta , Deidda Manuela , Manca Francesco 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesIn Zambia, 19.1% of the adult population had elevated blood pressure. Hence, the Ministry of Health in Zambia designated the improvement of hypertension (HTN) care services as a priority policy. However, there are limited data on cost-effective interventions to address HTN and their budget impact in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this paper is to investigate the cost-effectiveness of primary-level interventions for HTN (pharmaceutical treatments) compared with no treatment, and the budget impact, in the Chongwe District, rural Zambia.MethodsA cost–utility analysis was undertaken from the perspective of healthcare provider, employing a cohort Markov model with a lifetime horizon. The model was developed and populated with evidence from the literature, including novel locally collected cost data. The analysis was run for the overall population aged 40 years and above and for subpopulations stratified by three levels of risk and gender in Chongwe District by using cost data directly collected. A probabilistic analysis was performed to assess the probability of cost-effectiveness.ResultsThe dominant treatment for the general population was a combination therapy of diuretics and calcium blockers. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was US$1114 compared with no treatment. This was the most cost-effective first-line medication for HTN for all subgroup populations, except for the subgroups classified as low-risk defined by WHO. The estimated annual budget impact was US$1 015 605 in total if all HTN patients in Chongwe District received the most cost-effective treatment. Considering only material costs, the annual total budget was US$29 435.ConclusionThe most cost-effective first-line medication for HTN in rural Zambia was the combination therapy of diuretics and calcium blockers for the general population. From the perspective of budget impact, local government could need to secure approximately US$30 000 to facilitate the delivery of the most cost-effective HTN medications to the entire population over 40 years in need.
Hyperangulated versus Macintosh blades for intubation with videolaryngoscopy in ICU: the randomised multicentre INVIBLADE-ICU trial study protocol
Authors: Taboada Manuel , Estany-Gestal Ana , Fernández Jorge , Vazquez Olalla , Pajares Azucena , Ramasco Fernando , Martínez Sara , Vallejo Irene , Pérez Ana , Rama-Maceiras Pablo , Bermúdez María , Power Mercedes , García-Álvarez Raquel , Fernández-Villa Inmaculada , Aguilera Jose Luis , Carrió Marta , Cabadas Rafael , Rubín Anxo , Williams Mónica Mercedes , Fernández-García Raquel , Becerra Angel , Giné Marta , García Francisco Javier , Iglesias María Cristina , Santamarina Rosaura María , Del Valle Sara , Charco Luisa María , Alonso María Concepción , Rodríguez Inés María , Varela Marina , Hermoso Jose Ignacio , Vives Marc , Cabaleiro Teresa 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionCompared with the operating room, tracheal intubations in the intensive care unit (ICU) are associated with worsened glottic view, decreased first-time success rate and increase in the technical difficulty of intubation and incidence of complications. Videolaryngoscopes (VLs) have been proposed to improve airway management, and while recent studies have confirmed that VLs improve intubation conditions in this patient population, there remains a lack of clarity regarding the selection between a standard Macintosh blade or a hyperangulated one, to determine which yields the best outcomes. The purpose of this study was to compare successful intubation on the first attempt with the Macintosh VL versus the hyperangulated VL during tracheal intubation in ICU patients. We hypothesise that tracheal intubation using the hyperangulated VL will improve the frequency of successful intubation on the first attempt.Methods and analysisThe INtubation VIdeolaryngoscopy BLADE-ICU trial is a prospective, multicentre, open-label, interventional, randomised, controlled superiority study conducted in 29 ICUs in Spain. Patients will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to undergo intubation using a Macintosh VL (control group) or a hyperangulated VL (experimental group) for the first intubation attempt. The primary outcome is successful intubation on the first attempt. The secondary outcomes include the time to intubation, attempts for successful intubation, laryngoscopic vision assessed with the modified Cormack-Lehane scale, the need for adjuvant airway devices for intubation, difficulty assessed by the anaesthesiologist and complications during tracheal intubation. Enrolment began on 1 May 2024 and is expected to be completed in 2025.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was approved on 29 February 2024, by the Ethics Committee of Galicia (CEImG, code No. 2024-031).The results will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberNCT06322719.