bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teaching process control in food engineering: dynamic simulation of a fermentation control process
Authors: Şipoș Anca , Păcală Mariana Liliana 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Students usually have difficulties to understand abstract concepts of process control. Implementing in teaching process the inquiry-based learning helps students to follow methods and practices similar to those of professional scientists in order to construct knowledge. The paper describes the steps reached in simulation-based learning: from experimental data obtained by the students in their practical method (study and measurement of variables to some fermentation processes) to the simulated the behaviour of the process under a feedback control system. By providing opportunities for students to check their understanding and reflect on their learning process performance is enhanced over a traditional lecture course.
The Potential of Religion in the Promotion and Implementation of the Concept of Sustainable Development
Authors: Sadowski Ryszard F. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis article presents religion’s potential where the promotion and implementation of the concept of sustainable development are concerned. First inspired by Lynn White in the 1960s, discussion on religion’s role in the ecological crisis now allows for an honest assessment of the ecological potential of various religious traditions and their contribution to the building of a sustainable world. This article on the one hand points to the religious inspirations behind the concept of sustainable development, and on the other highlights the joint action of representatives of religion and science in the name of sustainable development, as well as the involvement of religions in the concept’s implementation.
Finit element solution of Poisson Equation over Polygonal Domains using a novel auto mesh generation technique and an explicit integration scheme for linear convex quadrilaterals of cubic order Serendipity and Lagrange families
Authors: Rathod H. T. , Islam Md.Shafiqul , Rathod Bharath , Devi K. Sugantha 
Published: January 2018

This paper presents an explicit integration scheme to compute the stiffness matrix of twelve node and sixteen node linear convex quadrilateral finite elements of Serendipity and Lagrange families using an explicit integration scheme and discretisation of polygonal domain by such finite elements using a novel auto mesh generation technique, In finite element analysis, the boundary value problems governed by second order linear partial differential equations, the element stiffness matrices are expressed as integrals of the product of global derivatives over the linear convex quadrilateral region. These matrices can be shown to depend on the material properties matrices and the matrix of integrals with integrands as rational functions with polynomial numerator and the linear denominator (4+) in the bivariates over a 2-square (-1 ) with the nodes on the boundary and in the interior of this simple domain. The finite elements up to cubic order have nodes only on the boundary for Serendipity family and the finite elements with boundary as well as some interior nodes belong to the Lagrange family. The first order element is the bilinear convex quadrilateral finite element which is an exception and it belongs to both the families. We have for the present ,the cubic order finite elements which havee 12 boundary nodes at the nodal coordinates {(-1,-1),(1,-1),(1,1),(-1,1),(-1/3,-1), (1/3,-1),(1,-1/3),(1,1/3),(1/3,1),(-1/3,1),(-1,1/3),(-1,-1/3)} and the four interoior nodal coordinates at the points (-1/3,-1/3),(1/3,-1/3),(1/3,1/3),(-1/3,1/3)} in the local parametric space ( In this paper, we have computed the integrals of local derivative products with linear denominator (4+) in exact forms using the symbolic mathematics capabilities of MATLAB. The proposed explicit finite element integration scheme can be then applied to solve boundary value problems in continuum mechanics over convex polygonal domains. We have also developed a novel auto mesh generation technique of all 12-node and 16-node linear(straight edge) convex quadrilaterals for a polygonal domain which provides the nodal coordinates and the element connectivity. We have used the explicit integration scheme and this novel auto mesh generation technique to solve the Poisson equation u ,where u is an unknown physical variable and in with Dirichlet boundary conditions over the convex polygonal domain.
The study of incidence of post operative delirium in geriatric patients with hyponatremia undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting procedure in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Rajeev Dr Aswin , Paul G. , K S Dr . , Vijayakumar Dr P. 
Published: January 2018

Delirium, defined as an acute disorder of attention and global cognitive function is a common, serious and potentially preventable source of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized elderly patients. Different studies have shown that existence of hyponatremia in perioperative period can contribute to delirium.To assess the incidence of post operative delirium in elderly patients with peri operative hyponatremia undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (a major cardiac surgery).Prospective cohort study, Study Period: 1 ½ years. Using a prepared questionnaire after obtaining fully informed written consent. 3 visits for each patient: 1) before surgery, 2) in the ICU: 48 hours after surgery, 3) In ward after shifting out from ICU. Details from patients, care givers and nursing staff regarding features of delirium are obtained. Patients were classified into two groups, one group included patients with normal/mild hyponatremia (serum sodium>/= 130 mEq/L) and other group with moderate to severe hyponatremia (serum sodium</=129.9) for convenience of analysis.Out of total 250 patients included in the study, 43 (17.2%) patients developed post operative delirium. Patients with moderate- severe hyponatremia had more chance for development of post operative delirium. Out of 146 patients with moderate- severe hyponatremia 37 (25.34%) patients developed post operative delirium compared to 6 (5.77%) patients with normal or mild hyponatremia (p:<0.001). Hyponatremia in peri operative period is a risk factor contributing to post operative delirium and patient’s sodium levels should be closely monitored in peri operative period.
The Role of Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (Dcc) and P53 Mrna Expression In Young Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: IB Budhi , IB Metria , B Hanafi , SS Herri , JS Effendi 
Published: January 2018

Background : The incidence of colorectal malignancies at a young age, and the absence of sufficient data to explain about it, including in terms of gene mutations that play a role. The research will be done here is to determine whether changes in mRNA expression of genes DCC ( deleted in colorectal cancer ) and p53 play a role in colorectal malignancy is less than 40 years of age. Researchers also will perform immunohistochemistry to look at protein expression of the gene and protein expression was evaluated whether these correlated with mRNA expression.
Methods : This study is an observational analytic cross sectional design, carried out in the Laboratory of Biomedical Faculty of Medicine Sebelas Maret University from June 2013 to March 2014. Subjects were 30 patients with stage III colorectal adenocarcinoma, with details of the 15 subjects for each group. Subjects taken by consecutive sampling. Immunohistochemical examination of paraffin block preparation and reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction (RT - PCR) of tumor tissue samples for evaluation of the presence of the protein and mRNA expression of DCC and p53 genes .Statistical analysis using the chi-square test and Phi correlation.
Results : the 4 subjects in the age group ≤ 40 years was not accompanied by DCC protein expression while in the age group > 40 years of protein expression obtained in all preparations. Expression of p53 protein more available in the age group > 40 years ( 3 subjects ), in the age group ≤ 40 years is only found in 1 subject. Examination results of RT-PCR to assess the mRNA expression results are consistent with the results of immunohistochemistry. Eleven subjects from the age group ≤ 40 years obtained DCC mRNA expression, whereas p53 mRNA expression was found in 12 subjects. From statistical analysis using the chi-square test and Phi correlation, we found significant association between protein and mRNA expression of DCC with colorectal cancer aged ≤ 40 years. Correlation of test results, obtained significant correlation between mRNA expression of DCC with colorectal cancer aged ≤ 40 years and the results of protein expression were significantly correlated with mRNA expression of DCC and p53 genes.
Conclusion : the expression of p53 protein and mRNA did not play a role in colorectal cancer ≤ 40 years of age. Protein expression was positively correlated with mRNA expression .
Cinomose canina: revisão de literatura
Authors: Portela Vanessa Alessandra De Barros , De Lima Thais Melquiades , Maia Rita de Cássia Carvalho 
Published: January 2018

A cinomose canina é uma enfermidade infectocontagiosa causada por um RNA vírus do gênero Morbillivirus. De relevância mundial é considerada como a segunda principal causa de morte entre os cães dentre as doenças infecciosas, perdendo apenas para a raiva. Com alta capacidade imunossupressora o vírus leva à doença neurológica e sistêmica graves. Acomete principalmente cães não vacinados ou submetidos a vacinas com doses incompletas, colostro materno com título baixo de anticorpos ou sem título, imunossupressão e histórico de contato com animais infectados. A transmissão viral ocorre por aerossóis e gotículas infectantes provenientes de excreções e secreções corpóreas dos animais infectados. Uma resposta imunológica deficiente leva o animal a apresentar manifestações clínicas caracterizadas por distúrbios gastroentéricos, oftalmológicos, dermatológicos, respiratórios e neurológicos. O diagnóstico é realizado por meio do histórico do animal, exame clínico e laboratoriais realizados a partir de secreções ou tecidos. Não existem protocolos terapêuticos específicos para a infecção pela cinomose, entretanto, o uso de fármacos para terapia de suporte e sintomática é essencial. O uso de antivirais tem sido discutido recentemente, mas os resultados não são considerados promissores, uma vez que o animal apresenta um agravamento dos sinais sistêmicos devido aos efeitos colaterais. Vacinas contra o vírus da cinomose estão presentes no mercado, porém possuem eficácia limitada, uma vez que mesmo animais vacinados podem desenvolver a doença. Diante de tantas informações disponíveis, este estudo teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento e compilação compreensiva de dados obtidos da literatura existente a respeito do vírus da cinomose canina.
Preseason Strength Assessment of the Rotator Muscles and Shoulder Injury in Handball Players
Authors: Forthomme Bénédicte , Croisier Jean-Louis , Delvaux François , Kaux Jean-François , Crielaard Jean-Michel , Gleizes-Cervera Sophie 
Published: January 2018

Context: Few researchers have identified intrinsic risk factors for shoulder injury in team handball players by analyzing measurements of maximal isokinetic rotator muscle strength.Objective: To identify possible intrinsic risk factors for shoulder injury by analyzing measurements of maximal isokinetic rotator muscle strength.Design: Cross-sectional study.Setting: Male team handball senior divisions (the highest level) in France and Belgium.Patients or Other Participants: A total of 108 male high-level handball players (age = 24 ± 4 years, height = 189 ± 6 cm, mass = 87 ± 11 kg) were enrolled.Main Outcome Measure(s): All players completed a preseason questionnaire and performed a bilateral isokinetic assessment of the shoulder rotator muscles. On a monthly questionnaire, players reported any shoulder injury that they sustained during the season.Results: On the preseason questionnaire, 51 of 108 (47%) participants reported a history of dominant-shoulder injury. A total of 106 participants completed the in-season questionnaire, with 22% (n = 23) reporting a shoulder injury on their dominant side during the subsequent season. Fourteen percent (n = 15) sustained microtraumatic injuries, and 8% (n = 8) described a traumatic injury. Backcourt players had a 3.5-times increased risk of injury during the new season compared with players in other positions. Among the isokinetic results, no risk factor for further injury was identified in handball players with microtraumatic injuries. For traumatic injuries, the concentric maximal strength developed by the internal rotators at high speed (240°/s) in the dominant shoulder was a protective factor against the risk of further injury.Conclusions: These results can potentially identify intrinsic risk factors for shoulder injury and may be used to determine potential interventions for reducing this risk in handball players.
Interdisciplinary Learning Activities
Authors: Edelbroek Hannah , Mijnders Myrte , Post Ger ,   Instituut voor Interdisciplinaire Studies
Published: January 2018

As the complex societal and technological challenges of the 21st century cannot be addressed by solutions from just one field of expertise, academics are increasingly expected to cross the disciplinary boundaries. 'Interdisciplinary Learning Activities' contains concrete suggestions in the form of examples of learning activities that university teachers can use to teach and foster interdisciplinary skills in graduate and undergraduate students. These skills for interdisciplinary understanding include critical thinking, collaboration, and reflection.
Socratic style questioning, Breaking news, The Walt Disney strategy, and The interdisciplinary shuttle are just four examples of the 32 interdisciplinary learning activities for workshops, courses and curricula that are shared by university teachers in this handbook. Incorporating these activities into education will contribute to creating a challenging, engaging and successful learning environment.
On the interaction of short linear internal waves with internal solitary waves
Authors: Xu Chengzhu , Stastna Marek 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. We study the interaction of small-scale internal wave packets with a large-scale internal solitary wave using high-resolution direct numerical simulations in two dimensions. A key finding is that for wave packets whose constituent waves are short in comparison to the solitary wave width, the interaction leads to an almost complete destruction of the short waves. For mode-1 short waves in the packet, as the wavelength increases, a cutoff is reached, and for larger wavelengths the waves in the packet are able to maintain their structure after the interaction. This cutoff corresponds to the wavelength at which the phase speed of the short waves upstream of the solitary wave exceeds the maximum current induced by the solitary wave. For mode-2 waves in the packet, however, no corresponding cutoff is found. Analysis based on linear theory suggests that the destruction of short waves occurs primarily due to the velocity shear induced by the solitary wave, which alters the vertical structure of the waves so that significant wave activity is found only above (below) the deformed pycnocline for overtaking (head-on) collisions. The deformation of vertical structure is more significant for waves with a smaller wavelength. Consequently, it is more difficult for these waves to adjust to the new solitary-wave-induced background environment. These results suggest that through the interaction with relatively smaller length scale waves, internal solitary waves can provide a means to decrease the power observed in the short-wave band in the coastal ocean.
Prevalence of HCV Infection Among People Experiencing Homelessness in Madrid, Spain
Authors: Ryan Pablo , Valencia Jorge , Sepúlveda-Crespo Daniel , Amigot-Sánchez Rafael , Cuevas Guillermo , Lazarus Jeffrey V. , Pérez-García Felipe , Martínez Isidoro , Resino Salvador 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceHepatitis C virus (HCV) microelimination aims to detect and treat hidden infections, especially in at-risk groups, like people experiencing homelessness (PEH) with alcohol or drug use disorders. Point-of-care HCV RNA testing and peer support workers are crucial for identifying and preventing HCV infection among marginalized populations, contributing to overall elimination goals.ObjectiveTo assess risk factors, prevalence, and trends of active HCV infection among PEH in Madrid, Spain (2019-2023).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study was conducted between 2019 and 2023 in PEH, defined as people who lacked a fixed, regular, and adequate night residence, screened on the street or in homeless shelters via mobile unit using rapid HCV antibody testing, followed by HCV-RNA testing in Madrid, Spain. Data were analyzed from January to June 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresActive HCV infection among PEH was the main outcome. Risk factors analyzed included being born outside of Spain, alcohol misuse, lacking financial income, benzodiazepine use, injection drug use (IDU; including nonactive IDU and active IDU within the last year), opioid substitution therapy participation, and sexual behavior patterns. Data were analyzed using logistic regression. P values were adjusted for multiple testing using the false discovery rate (q-values).ResultsA total of 4741 individuals were screened for HCV infection, of whom 2709 (mean [SD] age, 42.2 [12.7]; 1953 [72.2%] men) were PEH and included in analysis. A total of 363 PEH (13.4%) had test results positive for HCV antibodies, of whom 172 (47.4%) had test results positive for HCV-RNA, and 148 of these (91.9%) started HCV treatment. Overall, active HCV infection prevalence was 6.3%, and the main risk factors associated with active HCV infection included IDU, encompassing both nonactive IDU (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 10.9; 95% CI, 6.1-19.4; q &amp;lt; .001) and active IDU in the last year (aOR, 27.0; 95% CI, 15.2-48.0; q &amp;lt; .001); a lack of financial income (aOR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1-2.9; q = .03); and alcohol misuse (aOR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.3-2.6; q = .008). There was a significant decrease between 2019 and 2023 in active HCV infection prevalence across the entire population, from 7.2% to 3.4% (P = .04).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of PEH in Madrid, IDU, lack of income, and alcohol misuse were primary risk factors associated with HCV infection. The significant decline in HCV rates observed across all risk groups during the study period suggests preventive policies were effective in reducing HCV prevalence among the homeless population.
Pt‐Mo₂N Catalyst Formed by Inverse Sintering for the Reverse Water‐Gas Shift Reaction
Authors: Zhang Lingling , Chu Xiang , Liu Li , Zhang Shibo , Liu Haoyang , Li Yuxiong , Wang Xiao , Song Shuyan , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe reverse water‐gas shift (RWGS) reaction is significant for the resource utilization of CO2. However, this reaction requires high temperatures and metal catalysts are prone to agglomeration, leading to loss of activity. In this work, a Pt catalyst supported on Mo₂N formed via phase transition and metal reverse sintering under a high‐temperature NH₃ atmosphere is developed. This catalyst exhibits excellent RWGS activity, achieving a CO production rate of 294.8 mmolgcat−1 h−1 at 623 K, with CO selectivity maintained at 93%. Moreover, under continuous testing conditions for 100 h, the catalyst's activity shows no significant decline. Notably, further investigation reveals that the surface reaction mechanism at 623 K differs from the previously reported associative mechanism, instead following a redox mechanism in the presence of H₂. This research not only provides a deeper theoretical understanding of the mechanism of CO2 hydrogenation but also offers valuable insights for developing novel and efficient metal catalyst regeneration technologies.
A Novel Sapphire@PiGF@Sapphire Color Converter with High Luminescence Saturation Threshold for Laser Lighting
Authors: Zhang Hongjin , Zhao Jiuzhou , Yu Zikang , Xu Zhirui , Lin Shisheng , Peng Yang , Dai Jiangnan , Chen Daqin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNext‐generation high‐brightness laser lighting confronts a key challenge in preparing static color‐converting materials with remarkable luminescence saturation. Herein, a novel architecture of transmissive Y3Al5O12: Ce3+ (YAG) phosphor‐in‐glass film (PiGF) with double‐sided sapphires, i.e., a sandwich structured sapphire@PiGF@sapphire (S@PiGF@S) composite, is designed and fabricated by a thermocompression sintering technology. This kind of material can tolerate high laser power density (LPD) for the efficient double‐sided thermal channels and the high‐energy laser spot away from the PiGF emitting layer. As a consequence, the optimized S@PiGF@S color converter yields white light with a high luminous flux (LF) of 7602 lm at a record luminescence saturation threshold of 46.47 W·mm−2 benefiting from its low working temperature of merely 284 °C, which is 6.3 times that of traditional PiGF@sapphire color converter (1205 lm@10.89 W·mm−2). These findings verify that the developed S@PiGF@S color converter enables preferably optical‐thermal performances for promising applications in high‐brightness laser lighting.
Facile Synthesis of CuxS Electrocatalysts for CO2 Conversion into Formate and Study of Relations Between Cu and S with the Selectivity
Authors: Stojkovikj Sasho , El‐Nagar Gumaa A. , Gupta Siddharth , Najdoski Metodija , Koleva Violeta , Tzanoudakis Theocharis , Firschke Frederik , Bogdanoff Peter , Mayer Matthew T. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe conversion of CO2 into formate (HCOO−), a techno‐economically feasible product, can be achieved using earth‐abundant CuxS electrocatalysts, but questions remain regarding how catalyst structure, composition, and reaction environment influence product selectivity. A novel synthesis method based on electrodeposition of Cu foam and its subsequent sulfidation via immersion in sulfur saturated toluene solution resulted in CuxS foams. Catalytic activity studies found that HCOO− selectivity is dependent on electrochemical activation at higher overpotentials. To understand the effects of activation, determine the active forms of the catalysts, and identify the role of sulfur, the electrodes are carefully characterized as well as gaseous and sulfur dissolved in electrolyte. This included study of the effects of intentional addition of solution sulfur species, identification of the sulfur loss, determination of the electrode composition and relating sulfur speciation to observed product selectivity. It is found that residual sulfur stabilizes Cu+ during electrolysis at potentials favoring HCOO− production, in contrast to pristine Cu that undergoes complete reduction and shows poor HCOO− selectivity. Sulfur in both the catalyst and dissolved in electrolyte are of dynamic nature, and surface residues of SO42− species are identified in all activated catalysts which correspond with enhanced HCOO− production.