bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SCRAPPER Selectively Contributes to Spontaneous Release and Presynaptic Long-Term Potentiation in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex
Authors: Koga Kohei , Yao Ikuko , Setou Mitsutoshi , Zhuo Min 
Published: March 2017

SCRAPPER is an E3 ubiquitin ligase expressed in presynaptic terminals, neural cell body, and dendrites of the hippocampus and cortex, which is coded by theFBXL20gene. SCRAPPER is known to regulate synaptic transmissions and long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus, but no report is available for the cortex. Here we show genetic evidence for critical roles of SCRAPPER in excitatory transmission and presynaptic LTP (pre-LTP) of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a critical cortical region for pain, anxiety, and fear. Miniature and spontaneous releases, but not evoked release, of glutamate were significantly increased in SCRAPPER knock-out (SCR-KO) mice. Interestingly, SCRAPPER selectively contributes to the increases of frequency and amplitude. The pre-LTP in the ACC was completely blocked in SCR-KO mice. Our results thus provide direct evidence for SCRAPPER in both spontaneous release and pre-LTP in the ACC and reveal a potential novel target for treating anxiety-related disease.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays critical roles in pain, anxiety, and fear. Peripheral injury induces long-term changes in synaptic transmission in the ACC. Our recent study found that a presynaptic form of LTP (pre-LTP) in the ACC contributes to chronic pain-induced anxiety. Here, we show that SCRAPPER plays a critical role in ACC pre-LTP as well as synaptic transmission.
Paternal Genome Elimination inLiposcelisBooklice (Insecta: Psocodea)
Authors: Hodson Christina N , Hamilton Phineas T , Dilworth Dave , Nelson Chris J , Curtis Caitlin I , Perlman Steve J 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHow sex is determined in insects is diverse and dynamic, and includes male heterogamety, female heterogamety, and haplodiploidy. In many insect lineages, sex determination is either completely unknown or poorly studied. We studied sex determination in Psocodea—a species-rich order of insects that includes parasitic lice, barklice, and booklice. We focus on a recently discovered species of Liposcelis booklice (Psocodea: Troctomorpha), which are among the closest free-living relatives of parasitic lice. Using genetic, genomic, and immunohistochemical approaches, we show that this group exhibits paternal genome elimination (PGE), an unusual mode of sex determination that involves genomic imprinting. Controlled crosses, following a genetic marker over multiple generations, demonstrated that males only transmit to offspring genes they inherited from their mother. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed densely packed chromocenters associated with H3K9me3—a conserved marker for heterochromatin—in males, but not in females, suggesting silencing of chromosomes in males. Genome assembly and comparison of read coverage in male and female libraries showed no evidence for differentiated sex chromosomes. We also found that females produce more sons early in life, consistent with facultative sex allocation. It is likely that PGE is widespread in Psocodea, including human lice. This order represents a promising model for studying this enigmatic mode of sex determination.
La reparación de víctimas de conflictos armados: experiencias
Authors: Burbano Fernandez De Castro Natalia , García Otero Ruth 
Published: March 2017

<p>Los principios de verdad, justicia, y reparación deben ser el eje central durante la implementación de procesos de transición de la guerra a la paz y de la dictadura a la democracia. Pese a que en el Derecho Internacional se ha manifestado que todo proceso transicional debe cumplir con los componentes mencionados, no existe una fórmula única que los Estados tengan en cuenta a la hora de iniciar transiciones de esta índole. En la práctica se ha demostrado que durante las transiciones es menester realizar concesiones acordes con la realidad particular de cada Estado. Estas aquiescencias deben dar prioridad a las necesidades de las víctimas y de la sociedad civil, pero a su vez es fundamental tener en cuenta los intereses de los victimarios que se han acogido al proceso.</p>
Daño a la vida de relación como perjuicio autónomo y el daño a la salud
Authors: Tarazona Vera Claudia Francisca 
Published: March 2017

<p>En la investigación se realiza un análisis del daño a la vida de relación a partir del año 2000 y a la salud desde el año 2011, de la jurisprudencia del Consejo de Estado, a fin de establecer la autonomía de cada tesis evidenciando con ello la importancia que tienen en la indemnización del daño inmaterial. De igual forma, se evidencia la falta de justificación que tiene el contencioso al momento de expulsar del ordenamiento jurídico la primera tipología para darle paso al tema del daño a la salud frente a la responsabilidad extracontractual de Estado.</p><p> </p>
Long-Term Outcomes of Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Bacle Guillaume , Nové-Josserand Laurent , Garaud Pascal , Walch Gilles 
Published: March 2017

Background:
Despite the increasing numbers of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) procedures, the long-term results have been rarely reported. We previously reported early outcomes of a cohort of patients treated with a Grammont-style RTSA. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes after a minimum of 10 years, and to document prosthetic survival and complications.

Methods:
Clinical outcome assessment was based on the absolute and relative Constant scores and the active range of motion. Radiographic evaluations of scapular notching, tuberosity osteolysis, and periprosthetic radiolucent lines were done as well. Complications and revisions were compiled, and a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed.

Results:
The original report included the outcomes for 186 patients (191 RTSAs) who had been followed for a mean of 40 months. In the present study, in which the mean duration of follow-up was 150 months, follow-up clinical evaluations were available for 84 patients (87 prostheses) and radiographic assessments were available for 64 patients (67 prostheses). Seventy-seven patients (79 prostheses) had died before the 10-year follow-up, and 17 patients (17 prostheses) had been lost to follow-up. The mean absolute and relative Constant scores (and standard deviations) were 55 ± 16 points and 86 ± 26 points, respectively, with both having decreased significantly compared with the scores at the medium-term follow-up evaluation (at a minimum of 2 years) (p < 0.001 and p = 0.025, respectively). Forty-nine shoulders (73%) exhibited scapular notching. Forty-seven complications (29%) were recorded, with 10 cases (10%) occurring after 2 years. Sixteen (12%) of the original patients underwent revision surgery. The 10-year overall prosthetic survival rate using revision as the end point was 93%.

Conclusions:
Despite a high arthroplasty survival rate and good long-term clinical results, RTSA outcomes showed deterioration when compared with medium-term results. The cause of this decrease is probably related to patient aging coupled with bone erosion and/or deltoid impairment over time.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Pattern of ocular trauma in Benghazi eye hospital, Benghazi, Libya
Authors: Gebril M 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to determine the pattern of ocular trauma in Benghazi- Libya.
Methods: All cases of ocular trauma admitted to Benghazi eye hospital from January 2011 to August 2012 were retrospectively reviewed for open- or closed-globe injury (OGI or CGI). Data extracted included age, sex, residence, initial and final visual acuity (VA), cause and treatment of injury. The injuries were classified by Ocular Trauma Classification System.
Results: Out of the 805 patients, there were 540 patients (67.0%) with Closed Globe Injury and 254 patients (31.5%) with Open Globe Injury and 11 patients (1.3%) with mixed trauma.
Conclusion: This analysis shows a pattern of eye injury largely similar to reports from other parts of the world. Eye injury affected mainly younger age groups and road traffic accidents were the most common cause.
Characteristics of Patients with Tuberculous Pleural Effusion in Rural Nepal
Authors: Paudel M S , Kafle Anjana , Chhetri Bishal Khatri , Dhungana Sahadev Prasad , Poudel Anuj , . Shamsuddhin 
Published: March 2017

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in developing countries. TubercularPleural effusion is the second most common form of extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), superseded in Prevalence only by lymph node tuberculosis. Pleural effusion occurs in approximately 5% of patients with TB. The purpose of this study was to assess the demographic characteristics of patients presenting with pleural effusion in rural Nepal.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted with all the cases diagnosed and admitted with pleural effusion at Lumbini Medical College And Teaching Hospital from April 2011 to March 2013 of all the cases diagnosed andadmitted with pleural effusion were included in the study. Hundred cases diagnosed with pleural effusion by clinical Examination or chest X-ray or ultrasonography’s (USG) of the chest were included in the studied. The following parameters patients demographic profile, causes of pleural effusion, location (unilateral/bilateral), hemoglobin and complete blood count, sputum stain and culture sensitivity, Monteux test, chest X-ray and USG findings and Pleural fluid analysis (biochemical, hematological, microbiological and cytological) were analyzed by using SPSS 21.

Results: Out of 100 cases, the cause of pleural effusion in 59 patients was tuberculosis, 14 by malignancy, next 14 by Para pneumonic Effusion, 12 by congestive cardiac failure and three cases by alcoholic liver disease. Patients with tuberculous pleural effusion were younger, predominantly males, had unilateral effusion, lower blood hemoglobin, lower Pleural fluid neutrophils, higher pleural fluid Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) levels and higher level of pleural fluid to serum protein ratio as compared to the patients with non-tuberculous effusion.

Conclusion: Tuberculosis is the most common cause of pleural effusion in patients of rural Nepal.
DECONVOLUTION OF SEISMIC DATA USING PHASE CHANGE OPERATORS
Authors: Ledesma Dorian Caraballo , Porsani Milton José 
Published: March 2017

This paper presents a new approach for wavelet deconvolution. We investigate the use of all-pass operator to change the phase of the minimum-phase inverse filters. The all-pass operators are formed by using the roots of the polynomial associated to the Wiener-Levinson filters. By selecting subsets of roots itis possible to generate an ensemble of mixed-phase inverse filters. The optimization process to obtain an optimum inverse filter is performed by using a genetic algorithm. We have used the varimax norm as the objective function to measure the simplicity of the seismic trace after deconvolution. The method was tested using synthetic and real seismic data. RESUMO: Apresentamos uma nova abordagem para deconvolução do pulso sísmico. Investigamos o uso de operadores de mudança de fase para obtenção de filtros de fase mista a partir de filtros de fase mínima. Os operadores de mudança de fase são construídos a partir das raízes associadas aos filtros de Wiener-Levinson. Escolhendo subconjuntos daquelas raízes é possível gerar um conjunto de filtros inversos de fase mista. A escolha do filtro ótimo é realizada através do método de otimização conhecido com algoritmo genético. Para tanto utilizamos a norma varimax para medida da simplicidade do traço deconvolvido. O método foi testado utilizando dados sísmicos sintéticos e reais.Palavras-chave: deconvolução de fase mista; processamento sísmico; estimativa do pulso sísmico
SUBDUCTION OF SOUTH ATLANTIC SUBTROPICAL MODE WATERS
Authors: Mill Guilherme Nogueira , Paiva Afonso De Moraes 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT. The formation of the Subtropical Mode Waters (STMW) in the South Atlantic, part of the South Atlantic Central Water (SACW), by the subduction process, transferring mixed layer ﬂuid into the permanent thermocline, is investigated using results of numerical simulations with the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). Subduction rates were estimated by the kinematic method, adding the lateral induction of ﬂuid through the sloping base of winter mixed layer with the vertical velocities at the base of winter mixed layer. Subduction rates above 100 m/year were found over the South Atlantic Subtropical Front, with maximum rates larger than 200 m/year in three distinct regions. The subduction pattern is dominated by the contribution of lateral induction, specially over the Subtropical Front, with rates signiﬁcantly larger than the maximum rate of Ekman pumping. Different STMW were identiﬁed, associated with maximum layers thickness in isopycnals representative of upper and middle portion of SACW. The regions of maximum subduction rates were associated with the formation of the STMW.Keywords: mixed layer, ventilation, SACW, permanent thermocline, lateral induction. RESUMO. A formação de Águas Modais Subtropicais (AMS) no Atlântico Sul, que fazem parte da Água Central do Atlântico Sul (ACAS), transferindo ﬂuido da camada de mistura para a termoclina permantente pelo processo de subducção, foi estudada a partir dos resultados de simulações numéricas com um modelo oceânico de coordenadas híbridas (HYCOM – Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model). A subducção foi calculada pelo método cinemático, somando as contribuições da indução lateral de ﬂuido através da base da camada de mistura e as velocidades verticais na base da camada de mistura de inverno. Foram encontradas taxas de subducção superiores a 100 m/ano ao longo da Frente Subtropical do Atlântico Sul, com três núcleos distintos de máxima subducção atingindo mais de 200 m/ano. A indução lateral mostrou-se o processo dominante na subducção, especialmente ao longo da frente, com taxas signiﬁcativamente superiores ao bombeamento de Ekman. Foram identiﬁcadas diferentes AMS associadas às máximas espessuras de camadas representativas das porções média e superior da Água Central do Atlântico Sul (ACAS). As regiões de máximas taxas de subducção estão associadas à formação das AMS.Palavras-chave: camada de mistura, ventilação, ACAS, termoclina permanente, indução lateral.
PHENOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF COFFEE CROP (Coffea arabica L.) FROM MODIS TIME SERIES
Authors: Júnior Antônio Felipe Couto , Júnior Osmar Abílio de Carvalho , Martins Éder De Souza , Guerra Antônio Fernando 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT. Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) demonstrates a two-year phenological cycle, this knowledge is important for crop forecast in Brazil. This work aimed to describe the coffee crop phenology from MODIS vegetation index time series. The study area is located in the western Bahia State, Brazil, due to its remarkable agribusiness development. MODIS time series data comprehended 10-year Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). However, these times series are usually contaminated by noise caused by atmospheric variations that are harmful to the surface discrimination. Median filter and the Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF) were used together to smooth the original dataset. NDVI and EVI temporal profiles showed differences of amplitude and gradient. The results evidenced the Arabica Coffee phenological stages, as described in previous fieldworks. These results showed potential application for large-area land cover monitoring.Keywords: vegetation index, remote sensing, digital image processing. RESUMO. O Café Arábica (Coffea arabica L.) apresenta um ciclo fenológico de dois anos, sendo relevante o seu conhecimento para a previsão de safras no Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a fenologia da cultura de café a partir de séries temporais de índices de vegetação do sensor MODIS. A área de estudo está localizada no oeste do estado da Bahia, Brasil, devido ao seu notável desenvolvimento do agronegócio. As séries temporais MODIS compreendem10 anos do Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) e Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). Contudo, essas séries temporais apresentam ruídos ocasionados por efeitos atmosféricos queprejudicam a discriminação dos alvos da superfície. O filtro de mediana e a transformação Fração Mínima de Ruído (FMR) foram usados em conjunto para suavizar os dados originais. Os perfis temporais NDVI e EVI apresentam diferenças de amplitude e gradiente. Os resultados evidenciaram os estágios fenológico do Café Arábica, como descritos em prévios trabalhos de campo. Esses resultados possuem potencial de aplicação para o monitoramento do uso da terra em extensas áreas.Palavras-chave: índices de vegetação, sensoriamento remoto, processamento digital de imagem.
SENSITIVITY, RESOLUTION AND AMBIGUITY OF THE CRS STACK OPERATOR
Authors: Leite Lourenildo W.B. , Vieira Wildney W.S. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT. This paper describes an investigation about the sensitivity and ambiguity of the Common Reflection Surface (CRS) stack operator parameters (v0, RNIP,RN, α0), and their resolution in terms of statistical properties of the solution of a nonlinear multi-parametric optimization problem for surface fitting between the forward model and a synthetic data, in the least-square sense. The sensitivity method is borrowed from dynamic system analysis and synthesis, and the definitions are based on the Miller-Murray model. The results are analyzed in terms of the CRS attributes search strategies during the stack process. The investigation principle is to combine global and local optimization methods to reach a minimum of the object function of minimization, where the problem matrix has a better linear relation to the parameters. A first search for a minimum is performed with a controlled random search method, followed by a gradient method for the last steps fo the optimization to calculate the data and parameter resolution and covariance matrices, and any further model statistical properties. The sensitivity functions are represented by the columns of the optimization problem matrix, and they in general exhibit a linear behavior instead of a convex form; as a result, this linear behavior establish thenecessity of a good starting point for the optimized multi-parametric attributes search.Keywords: CRS attributes, sensitivity analysis, resolution, ambiguity. RESUMO. Este trabalho descreve uma investigação sobre a sensitividade e ambiguidade dos parâmetros (v0,RNIP, RN, α0) do operador de empilhamento CRS, e suas resoluções em termos das propriedades estatísticas da solução de um problema não-linear multi-paramétrico do ajuste da superfície de um modelo direto à de dados sintéticos, no sentido do quadrados-mínimos. O método da sensitividade é adaptado da análise e síntese de sistemas dinâmicos, e as definições são baseadas no modelo Miller-Murray. Os resultados são analisados em termos das estratégias de busca dos atributos CRS durante o processo de empilhamento. O princípio da investigação é combinar métodos de otimização global e local para alcançar um mínimo da função objeto de minimização, onde a matriz do problema tem uma melhor relação linear com os parâmetros. A primeira busca de um mínimo é realizada com um método de busca aleatória controlada, seguida por um método do gradiente para os últimos passos da otimização para calcular as matrizes resolução e covariância dos dados e parâmetros, e quaisquer propiedades estatísticas do modelo. As funções sensitividade são representadas pelas colunas da matriz otimização do problema, e em geral elas exibem um comportamento linear em vez de uma forma convexa; como resultado, este comportamento linear estabelece a necessidade de um bom ponto inicial para a busca multi-paramétrica otimizada dos atributos.Palavras-chave: atributos CRS, análise de sensibilidade, resolução, ambiguidade.
DIFFICULTIES ASSOCIATED TO THE ULTRASONIC IMAGING OF SMALL SCALE MODELS OF STRATIGRAPHIC DEPOSITS
Authors: Moura Cássio Stein , Misságia Roseane Marchezi , Ceia Marco Antonio Rodrigues 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT. Mechanical waves are commonly used on the characterization of geological systems. Highly compacted real systems require low frequency waves on the order of tens of hertz. Tabletop models span the millimetric scale and therefore need higher frequency waves ranging up to the ultrasound band. We have used an ultrasonic seismic equipment to image tabletop geological systems. The seismograms enabled the identification of some features under investigation but were limited to discern some objects of interest, such as, the interface between a coal layer on top of a sand layer. We believe that the low consolidation of the material has intensified the Rayleigh scattering of the incident wave leading to a large signal attenuation and to the difficulty on layer discrimination. We propose some ways to circumvent such a problem including increasing the material consolidation or the sediment grain size in order to reduce the scattering effects.Keywords: mechanical waves, deposit imaging, stratigraphy, turbidity currents. RESUMO. A utilização de ondas mecânicas é uma opção recorrente na caracterização de sistemas geológicos. Sistemas reais de alta compactação costumam ser analisados por ondas mecânicas com frequências da ordem de dezenas de hertz. Modelos de bancada requerem o uso de frequências mais altas, na faixa do ultrassom, para possibilitar a definição de detalhes milimétricos. Utilizamos um sistema de levantamento sísmico ultrassonográfico para visualizar modelos geológicos de bancada. Os sismogramas produzidos identificaram algumas feições sob investigação, mas apresentaram limitações na discriminação dos objetos de interesse, a saber, a interface entre uma camada de carvão sobre uma camada de areia. Acreditamos que a baixa consolidação domaterial tenha intensificado o espalhamento Rayleigh da onda incidente levando a uma grande atenuação do sinal de retorno e à consequente dificuldade em discriminar as camadas. Propomos algumas formas de diminuir esse problema que incluem o aumento da consolidação do material ou do tamanho de grão dos sedimentos para reduzir os efeitos de espalhamento.Palavras-chave: ondas mecânicas, visualização de depósitos, estratigrafia, correntes de turbidez.