bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural multistability for multi-speed wind energy harvesting from vortex-induced vibrations
Authors: Boddapati Karthik , Arrieta Andres F 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Piezoelectric energy harvesters utilizing vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) have been extensively studied for converting wind energy into usable power for microelectronics. In this work, we explore the use of structural bistability to increase the range of flow speeds over which energy can be harvested without the need for complicated assemblies. We propose a harvester system featuring a piezoelectric transducer bonded to a cantilevered bistable composite laminate, which has two distinct equilibrium shapes at room temperature. To enhance the VIV, we attach a cylindrical bluff body to the free edge of the harvester. The structure’s inherent bistability allows for high power generation at two different flow speeds, contrasting with the single synchronization region typical of linear piezoelectric harvesters. We develop a reduced-order model to predict power output across varying flow speeds and validate these predictions through wind tunnel experiments, showing good agreement. Furthermore, we conduct a parametric study to optimize the model parameters for maximum power output. Our results demonstrate that the bistable harvester can generate up to 4.5 mW of power over a wind speed range of 9.3 m s−1–11.7 m s−1, outperforming the limited speed range of traditional linear VIV-based harvesters. This work underscores the potential to design VIV-based energy harvesters capable of operating efficiently across multiple flow speed ranges using a single structure with its dual stable configurations.
Optimizing optoelectronics performance: theoretical and experimental study on ZnO thin film for Al/ZnO/p-Si photodiode
Authors: Karaca Abdullah , Yıldız Dilber Esra , Yıldırım Murat 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a ZnO photodiode in a p-n heterojunction configuration is fabricated on a p-type Si substrate focusing specifically on ZnO/p-Si heterojunction photosensitive devices and photodiodes (PDs) using Al contacts. Through an experimental and theoretical analysis approach aims to evaluate the effects of important parameters, including ZnO layer thickness, defect density, and contact materials, on PD’s efficiency. Numerical analysis simulations comparatively examine the experimentally fabricated device performance at a 5 nm ZnO layer thickness by balancing photon absorption and carrier formation while minimizing carrier transport limitations. Experimentally process, an Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) system was used to grow ZnO interlayers on one side of the polished Si wafer. Then, Al metallic contacts were created on the ZnO layers using a hole array mask. The PDs were then subjected to electrical characterization using I-V and I-t measurements under various illumination densities. Al/ZnO/p-Si PD’s device with active performance has been produced and analyzed with electrical parameters such as barrier height, photocurrent, spectral response, ideality factor and EQE were derived, analyzed and studied. In conclusion, this work provides a comprehensive understanding of the performance of Al/ZnO/p-Si PD at varying illumination intensities and offering a detailed analysis of key parameters influencing device efficiency for future optoelectronics applications.
Two different efficient controlled quantum teleportation schemes via four-qubit cluster state
Authors: Yuan Hao , Zhang Zhan-Jun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
By utilizing the four-qubit cluster state as quantum channel, two efficient quantum schemes for teleporting an arbitrary single-qubit state in a controlled manner are put forward. In one scheme the controller needs to dominate a qubit only, while in another scheme the controller has to hold two qubits. The inspection of the necessary operations indicates that both schemes are feasible in terms of the current technologies. Moreover, these two schemes are compared with two competing schemes which employ the same quantum channel [i.e., the JM-schemes proposed by Jiang and Mo, Int. J. Theor. Phys. 56, 3084 (2017)]. It is found that, in contrast to the JM-schemes, the schemes we proposed have some prominent advantages, such as lower consumption of classical information, fewer necessary local quantum operations, and higher intrinsic efficiency.
Synthesis of MnO@Fe2O3 core-shell doped PVA/PVP polymeric nanocomposites for electronic and optoelectronic devices: Mechanical, electrical, and optical properties
Authors: Mohammed Mervat Ismail , El Rahman Aya , Yahia Ibrahim S , Metwally H S , Sabry N 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The core-shell approach was used to synthesize MnO@Fe2O3, while the solution casting method was performed to produce a blend of poly (vinyl alcohol) and poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (70/30 wt%). Subsequently, MnO@Fe2O3 was employed as nanofillers (nFs) in the blend at 0, 0.06, 0.3, 0.6, 3, and 6 wt% concentrations. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and x-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the synthesized polymeric nanocomposite (PNC) films. The XRD and FTIR confirm the probable interactions between nanoparticles and polymeric films. SEM images of the surface show that the entire film’s surface is uniformly and homogeneously distributed for 0.6 wt% nFs. The composite film’s tensile strength was enhanced by adding 6 wt% nFs, from 9.45 MPa for the pure (PVA-PVP) film to 22.35 MPa. This addition also reduced the indirect optical band gap from 4.84 eV for pure (PVA/PVP) blend to 4.71 eV. Two laser sources (He-Ne laser at 632.8 nm and green laser at 533 nm) were used to determine the optical limiting behavior of polymeric nanocomposite films. The output power of lasers with wavelengths of 532 nm and 650 nm drops from 5.49 to 2.4 mW and 19.8 to 9.4 mW, respectively, as the blend matrix’s nFs concentration rises to 6 wt%. Also, the impact of temperature on the dielectric properties of the 6 wt% PNC film was examined. The dielectric constant gradually increased with rising temperature and decreased linearly with increasing frequency at constant temperature. The findings suggest that nanocomposites exist and are widely recommended for optoelectronics, microelectronics, and radiation detection.
Critical analysis of replacing dark matter and dark energy with a model of stochastic spacetime
Authors: Hertzberg Mark P. , Loeb Abraham 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We analyze consequences of trying to replace dark matter and dark energy with models of stochastic spacetime. In particular, we analyze the model put forth by ref. [1], in which it is claimed that “post-quantum classical gravity” (PQCG), a stochastic theory of gravity, leads to modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) behavior on galactic scales that reproduces galactic rotation curves, and leads to dark energy. We show that this analysis has four basic problems: (i) the equations of PQCG do not lead to a new large scale force of the form claimed in the paper, (ii) the form claimed is not of the MONDian form anyhow and so does not correspond to observed galactic dynamics, (iii) the spectrum of fluctuations is very different from observations, and (iv) we also identify some theoretical problems in these models.
Application of photothermal beam deflection spectrometry for non-destructive evaluation of advanced materials: a state-of-the-art review
Authors: Swapna M S , Sankararaman S , Korte D 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The progress made in lasers and data acquisition systems has paved the way for innovative non-destructive evaluation methods based on the photothermal phenomenon. Beam deflection spectrometry (BDS) is a photothermal spectroscopic technique that offers ultra-sensitivity, high signal-to-noise ratios, and reduced sample preparation requirements. These advantages provide precise assessment of advanced material (AM) properties. This review presents a comprehensive in-depth analysis, thus helping researchers to understand the potential and future perspectives of BDS along with the theory, instrumentation, and application supported by the literature data. The objective of this review is also to present the possibilities of BDS in the characterization of AMs, including organic, inorganic, and hybrid organic–inorganic materials in the form of thin films, coatings, composites, and nanomaterials.
Asymmetric ENSO teleconnections in a symmetric CO2 concentration pathway
Authors: An Soon-Il , Shin Su-Hyeon , Liu Chao , Yeh Sang-Wook , Min Seung-Ki , Son Seok-Woo , Kug Jong-Seong , Park Jae-Heung 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the strongest interannual phenomenon occurring in the tropical Pacific, significantly affecting the entire world. The ENSO response to increasing CO2 concentrations have been extensively studied, but the reverse scenario is still not well understood. Here, we investigate the hysteresis of ENSO teleconnections in a CO2 removal simulation of an earth system model. During the ramp-up period of CO2 concentrations, Pacific-North American and Pacific-South American patterns are intensified, with the eastward shift of their poles, which are even further intensified during the ramp-down period. This ENSO teleconnection hysteresis is closely linked to the tropical-origin hysteresis, in which, during the ramp-down periods, the prevalence of the eastern-Pacific type El Niño leads to the hysteresis in the eastern Hemispheric ENSO teleconnections and the enhanced ENSO skewness and the eastward shift of ENSO-induced tropical atmospheric convection do to that in the western Hemispheric ENSO teleconnection. The alterations by the tropical origin are predominantly associated with intensified southward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, along with a stronger El Niño-like warming trend. We also demonstrate that the hysteretic change in the mid-latitude mean state over the North Pacific region could lead to hysteresis of the ENSO teleconnection without invoking a tropical origin.
Income and inequality pathways consistent with eradicating poverty
Authors: Min Jihoon , Soergel Bjoern , Kikstra Jarmo S , Koch Johannes , van Ruijven Bas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
To investigate concurrent climate action and poverty eradication, we present combined income growth (GDP/capita) and domestic income inequality (measured as Gini coefficients) pathways that pursue (absolute and relative) poverty eradication reflecting the three narratives of Sustainable Development Pathway. The GDP/capita pathways are modifications of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP1 scenario, including one post-growth future for high-income countries and higher growth for all currently lower-income countries. Current inequality levels, together with the total national income from the GDP pathways, determine the inequality reductions required to eradicate poverty in individual countries; they are based on a methodology that specifies the relationship between poverty, inequality, and growth. Our pathways show rapid and sustained reductions in within-country inequality (Gini), even with high economic growth. The speed of redistribution is limited to the highest historically observed changes in inequality. We identify which countries face the greatest difficulties in meeting their poverty eradication targets and estimate the level of international transfers needed to fill the gap for those countries. Our findings reconfirm the importance of reducing within-country inequality in eradicating global poverty.
Evaluation of gouramy fish (Osphronemus goramy) hatchery in Pandaan Aquaculture Installation, Pasuruan
Authors: Indarmastuti E B , Renta W M , Ratnawati N , Samara S H 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Gourami fish is well-known among the public due to its economical impact, good tastes, and easy to cultivate. This study aimed to determine the performance of gourami hatcheries at the Pandaan Aquaculture Installation. The method in this research used active participation and descriptive methods. The data collection method used was from primary and secondary data. The evaluation results showed that hatchery activity there produced a fertilization rate of 97.6%, hatching rate of 95.3%, survival rate of 91.3%, and specific growth rate of 7.85%. Water quality in hatchery activities also met standards. Gouramy hatchery activities included pond preparation, broodstock preparation, brood spawning, egg harvesting, egg hatching, larval and seed rearing, nursery, water quality monitoring, feed management, and pest and disease management. It can be concluded that hatchery activity at Pandaan Aquaculture Installation shows good performance.
Optimization of the handling behaviour of an electric car by adjusting the kinematic gains of suspension
Authors: Deryal U. , Dikmen H. A. , Uzuner B. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper, within the scope of development of an electric car on a vehicle platform that is borned as internal combustion engine is presented. The vehicle dynamics behaviour changes due to the change of weight distribution and centre of gravity. Replacing the internal combustion engine with an electric motor, plus the addition of the battery moves the center of gravity towards the rear of the vehicle. Due to the increase in the rear axle load, the tendency of the vehicle to oversteer increases. To overcome this phenomenon, the rear suspension kinematic gains (camber, toe change due to vertical movement of the wheel) are adjusted thanks to the multi-link suspension. In the fist part of the study the platform is measured and Admas Car model is correlated depends on measured handling metrics. Subsequently, centre of gravity changes are applied to the verified Adams Car model. Also main platform handling metrics is defined as design targets and rear axle kinematic gains are defined as design parameters. A design of experiments (DOE)-based optimization study was performed via Adams®/Insight commercial software to achieve required handling metrics which satisfy design targets. Kinematic gains of the suspension system is analyzed via Adams car and sensitivity deepens on harpoints is determined. Design space for hardpoints is determined depends on mechanical design. The lowest and highest points are determined on the x, y and z axis and experiment list are designed according to DOE. Maneuvers that are for measuring the handling metrics are performed one after the other by changing the parameters according to the boundary conditions comes from DOE. A regression mathematical model is obtained and optimum parameters are calculated for the handling behaviour optimisation. Optimum parameters are applied on the Adams Car model again and handling manoeuvres are repeated. Results show that, although weight distribution changes, handling behaviours remain the same as based platform.
Bathtub curve and Allan-Plaȋt chart: two problematic graphs in reliability engineering
Authors: Andrei-Alexandru Boroiu , Ionel Vieru , Tiberiu-Aurelian Udma , Alexandru Boroiu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the reliability literature, there are completely different representations for two of the most common graphs: the graph that expresses the failure rate over the life of a product (bathtub curve) and the one that graphically identifies the Weibull triparametric model (linear regression of the Weibull curve using the Allan-Plaît graph). Even if the identification of the Weibull model is no longer done graphically, but with the help of dedicated calculation programs, the mathematical bases of the linearization of the F(t) fault distribution function by logarithm remain equally important. The present paper aims to establish which of the graphic variants are the correct ones and to identify the causes that led to the incorrect graphic representations. Based on an extensive theoretical documentation (analysis of numerous works in the field of reliability, published over the last decades, in the country and abroad) it is concluded that in foreign literature these graphs are always correct and that they were taken correctly in Romanian works from the 70’s to the 80’s of the last century, but starting with the 90’s there are fundamentally different representations, especially in the field of reliability engineering. Finally, the causes that led to these non-compliant graphical representations are identified. As these misrepresentations seem to persist, this paper is intended to be a signal of this issue.
How Lincoln’s revolutionary monetary policies tipped the scales in the Civil War
Authors: Phillips Emir 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
President Abraham Lincoln’s tenure is often heralded for its profound influence on the socio-political fabric of the USA, yet its economic implications, particularly through the lens of monetary policy, are equally transformative. As the nation found itself ensnared in the throes of the Civil War, Lincoln’s administration faced not only a military insurrection but also an economic quandary of monumental proportions. Lincoln, recognising the limitations of traditional gold-backed currency and the dispersed state banking system, advocated for a bold reconfiguration of national monetary policy. This reconfiguration was predicated on two groundbreaking initiatives: the issuance of ‘greenbacks’—legal tender not backed by gold but by the government’s promise—and the establishment of a national banking system under the National Banking Acts of 1863 and 1864. It is within this context that Lincoln’s monetary strategies emerged as a cornerstone for the Union’s eventual triumph.
Short-term peritoneal rest reduces peritoneal solute transport rate and increases ultrafiltration in high/high average transport peritoneal dialysis patients: a crossover randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wu Bei , Zhao Huiping , Zuo Li , Liu Aichun , Lu Lixia , Qiao Jie , Chu Xinxin , Men Chuncui , He Yuting 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
The peritoneal solute transport rate (PSTR) tends to increase over time in some patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD), potentially leading to ultrafiltration (UF) failure. Previous case reports have shown a significant decrease in PSTR and subsequent recovery of UF after discontinuing PD for a while. Therefore, we conducted a randomized controlled crossover study to evaluate the impact of short-term peritoneal rest on PSTR.

Methods
The study involved 14 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients with high/high-average transport rate. Two groups were randomly assigned different treatment sequences: one group underwent daily intermittent peritoneal dialysis (IPD) for 4 weeks followed by CAPD, while the other group initially received CAPD treatment for 4 weeks and then switched to IPD. Peritoneal equilibration tests were performed before and after each treatment to evaluate PSTR and paired t-tests were used to compare the changes. Volume load, serum potassium and other clinical indicators were monitored at the same time.

Results
Short-term peritoneal rest (daily IPD) significantly reduced PSTR, with a decrease in the dialysate:plasma creatinine ratio from 0.71 ± 0.05 to 0.65 ± 0.07 (P &lt; .001). Additionally, ultrafiltration significantly increased from 210 ± 165 ml to 407 ± 209 ml (P = .001). But there were no significant changes in interleukin-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor of PD effluent. No serious adverse events such as hypotension or hyperkalaemia occurred.

Conclusions
In PD patients with high and high-average transport, a 4-week period of short-term peritoneal rest by switching from CAPD to IPD (without long dwell) can lead to reductions in PSTR and increases in UF volumes, while maintaining clinical safety.
Novel In-Line Hemolysis Detection on a Blood Gas Analyzer and Impact on Whole Blood Potassium Results
Authors: Balasubramanian Shankar , McDowell Emily J , Laryea Erving T , Blankenstein Gert , Pamidi Prasad V A , Winkler Anne M , Nichols James H 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Preanalytical error due to hemolyzed blood samples is a common challenge in laboratory and point-of-care (POC) settings. Whole blood potassium (K+) measurements routinely measured on blood gas analyzers are particularly susceptible to hemolysis, which poses a risk for incorrect K+ results. The GEM Premier 7000 with IQM3 (GEM 7000) blood gas analyzer provides novel integrated hemolysis detection within the sample measurement process. Therefore, the GEM 7000 can detect and flag hemolyzed whole blood samples at the POC, warning the operator of potentially erroneous results.

Methods
Heparinized venous or arterial whole blood samples were used for K+ interference studies and assessed for hemolysis agreement utilizing either a traditional volumetric method or chemistry analyzer serum index measurements with the Roche cobas c311 or Abbott Alinity c.

Results
Hemolysis interference studies performed at 2 different K+ concentrations (3.8 and 5.3 mmol/L) identified that a plasma free hemoglobin ≥116 mg/dL can impact K+ results on the GEM 7000. Hemolysis agreement studies demonstrated an excellent agreement of &gt;99% with the volumetric method, 98.8% with cobas H index, and 96.4% with Alinity H index. GEM 7000 K+ results were correctly flagged for both native and spiked samples.

Conclusion
GEM 7000 hemolysis detection provides a novel technology to detect hemolysis in whole blood samples. Moreover, the GEM 7000 demonstrates excellent agreement with traditional laboratory hemolysis detection methods and offers an integrated technological solution for assuring the quality of whole blood K+ results in POC settings.
Interleukin-12p40 deficiency attenuates myocardial ferroptosis in doxorubicin-induced chronic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting Th17 differentiation and interleukin-17A production
Authors: Zhang Jishou , Ding Wen , Yin Zheng , Liu Siqi , Zhao Mengmeng , Xu Yao , Liu Jianfang , Pan Wei , Peng Shanshan , Wei Cheng , Zheng Zihui , Qin Juan-Juan , Wan Jun , Wang Menglong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
Interleukin (IL)-12p40 is a common subunit of the bioactive cytokines IL-12 and IL-23, and it also has its own intrinsic functional activity. However, its role in doxorubicin-induced chronic cardiomyopathy (DICCM) as well as the underlying mechanisms are still unknown.

Methods and results
In this study, we used IL-12p40-knockout mice, IL-23p19-knockout mice, Rag1-knockout mice, a ferroptosis inhibitor, recombinant IL-12 (rIL-12), rIL-23, rIL-12p40, rIL-12p80, and anti-IL17A to investigate the effects of IL-12p40 on DICCM and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. We found that myocardial ferroptosis were increased in DICCM and that the inhibition of ferroptosis protected against DICCM. The expression of IL-12p40 was upregulated, and IL-12p40 was predominantly expressed by CD4+ T cells in the hearts of mice with DICCM. IL-12p40 knockout attenuated cardiac dysfunction, fibrosis and ferroptosis in DICCM, and similar results were observed in the context of CD4+ T cell IL-12p40 deficiency in Rag1−/− mice. Treatment with rIL-23, but not rIL-12, rIL-12p40 monomer or rIL-12p80, abolished the protective effects of IL-12p40 knockout. Moreover, rIL-23 treatment and IL-23p19 knockout exacerbated and ameliorated DICCM, respectively. IL-12p40 knockout might protect against DICCM by inhibiting Th17 differentiation and IL-17A production but not Th1, Th2 and Treg differentiation. Neutralizing IL-17A with an antibody also attenuated cardiac dysfunction, fibrosis, and ferroptosis. The IL-12p40/Th17/IL-17A axis might promote cardiomyocyte ferroptosis by activating TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/P53 signalling in DICCM.

Conclusion
Interleukin-12p40 deficiency protects against DICCM by inhibiting Th17 differentiation and the production of IL-17A, which plays critical roles in cardiomyocyte ferroptosis in DICCM via activating TRAF6/MAPK/P53 signalling. Our study may provide novel insights for the identification of therapeutic targets for treating DICCM in the clinic.