bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management practices alter endophytic diazotrophic communities in CitraBlue St. Augustinegrass
Authors: Arevalo Alvarenga A. Fernanda , Barbosa Maximiliano , Sierra Augustinus I. Alejandra , Stingl Ulrich , Schiavon Marco 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTurfgrass research based on inoculations with commercial products containing nitrogen‐fixing endophytes as an alternative to synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizers has yielded inconclusive results, indicating a lack of understanding of the colonization and stability of diazotrophic endophytes in turfgrasses. Potential factors influencing these results are turfgrass traditional management practices. In this study, we identified and compared endophytic diazotrophic communities and their associated soil counterparts using amplicon sequencing of the nitrogenase iron protein (nifH) of 36 surfaced sterilized CitraBlue St. Augustinegrass cultivar [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) Kuntze] sprigs and 12 aggregated soil samples. Samples were collected from a CitraBlue cultivar mowed either at 5 or 10 cm, with and without thatch removal, and fertilized at 98, 195, or 293 kg N ha−1 year−1. The different communities of endophytic diazotrophs were correlated to turfgrass quality related parameters such as normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference red edge index (NDRE), N leaf content, and visual quality as affected by management practices. CitraBlue endophytic and soil diazotrophic communities were significantly different for alpha diversity (p < 0.0001) and beta diversity (p < 0.001). Both mowing height (p < 0.001) and N fertilization rate (p < 0.05) had a significant effect on the diversity of endophytic diazotrophs. According to the redundancy analysis, turfgrass quality related parameters explained 14.3% of the variance in the endophytic diazotrophic communities. Findings from this research demonstrate that the evaluated management practices alter the endophytic diazotrophic communities of CitraBlue.
Quantifying the Abundance of Alkane Moieties in Lignins with FTIR Spectroscopy and PLS Regression; Estimating Grafting Degree of Esterification
Authors: Heen Blindheim Fredrik , Ruwoldt Jost 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs society is rapidly converting from fossil‐based materials to greener alternatives, the valorization of lignin through chemical modification has been given considerable attention. Characterizing this highly heterogeneous biopolymer is a constant challenge, and an emerging strategy for dealing with variations in material characteristics is combining traditional analytical techniques with chemometrics, such as Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares regression (PLSR). Here, a calibration data set was built based on FTIR spectra and the total carbon‐hydrogen bond (CHB) content of mixtures of technical lignins and alkanes, meant to emulate esterified samples. From this data, a PLSR model was built which predicted the CHB content of esterified lignin reaction products with an RMSECV=5.685 mmol/g and RMSEPred=5.827 mmol/g, and from which the weight percentage of ester‐to‐lignin was determined. When compared to wet‐chemical analysis, good agreement between the techniques was found with an obtained RMSEPred=8.3 % and a R2Train=0.9752 for the degree of esterification. This indicates high model predictability and goodness of fit, and that the calibration data set successfully emulated esterified lignin samples.
An Improved Magnetic Coupling Resonant Wireless Power Transfer System Based on Ferrite‐Nanocrystalline Hybrid Shielding Method
Authors: Hu Yanwen , Heng Tingzhen , Zhang Tingrong , Zhou Wenying , Chen Qingyang 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTLow‐power magnetic coupling resonant wireless power transfer (MCRWPT) systems are less efficient at long transmission distances due to magnetic leakage and losses. For this reason, combining ferrite‐nanocrystalline hybrid shielding and a relay coil, an improved MCRWPT system based on the LCC‐LCC compensation network is designed in this paper. Firstly, the transmission performance of the MCRWPT systems with S‐S and LCC‐LCC compensation networks are compared and analyzed. Secondly, the transfer efficiencies of the MCRWPT system are analyzed when the relay coil is added at different locations, and the transfer efficiencies of the system with single material shielding are compared. Finally, the transmission performance of the MCRWPT system with ferrite‐nanocrystalline hybrid shieling is analyzed using simulation and experiment. Experimental results show that the transfer efficiency of the low‐power MCRWPT system using relay coil and hybrid shielding increases from 40.38% to 69.17% when the input voltage is 40 V and the transmission distance is 250 mm. Compared with the MCRWPT system based on ferrite full shielding, the weight of the MCRWPT system has been reduced by 63.11%. The hybrid shielding method not only improves the transfer efficiency of the MCRWPT system and reduces its spatial magnetic leakage but also has certain cost advantages.
Globally suitable areas for Lycorma delicatula based on an optimized Maxent model
Authors: Zhao Zhengxue , Yang Lin , Chen Xiangsheng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLycorma delicatula, a globally invasive pest, has caused considerable economic losses in many countries. Determining the potential distribution range of L. delicatula is crucial for its effective management and control; however, our understanding of this species remains limited. In this study, Maxent model with occurrence records and environmental variables were fit first and then optimized by selecting the best combination of feature classes and regularization multipliers using the lowest score of corrected Akaike information criterion. Subsequently, we predicted global suitable areas for L. delicatula both currently and in the future (2041–2060, 2061–2080, and 2081–2100). The results indicated that the mean temperature of the driest quarter is the most important environmental variable limiting L. delicatula distribution. Currently, the suitable areas are concentrated in East Asia (mainly in China, South Korea, and Japan), central and eastern United States, and southern Europe. Compared with current environmental conditions, in all future climate scenarios, the number of suitable areas for L. delicatula increased. In addition, we revealed that suitable areas are likely to expand northward in the future. Our study results suggest that policymakers and governments should prioritize the development of pest management measures in suitable areas for L. delicatula, especially in high suitable areas, to control this invasive pest and minimize global economic losses.
Behavioral and economic traits reflect distinct resource acquisition strategies in tendril vines and stem twining vines
Authors: Bai Hua , Ji Yingzheng , Wang Xueqing , Liu Zhi , Zhou Zhe , Yue Ming , Guo Yaoxin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractClimbing plants are important components of tropical and many temperate forest ecosystems. Current studies regard climbing plants as a single ecological plant type and ignore the ecological differences resulting from their climbing mechanisms, which may lead to a misrepresentation of the role of climbing plants in forest dynamics. Based on behavioral traits and economic traits of climbing plants, we test the hypothesis that tendril climbers and stem twiners are characterized by different resource acquisition strategies. We quantified and compared 4 behavioral traits and 7 economic traits of four stem twining vines and four tendril vines in a temperate oak forest and further tested their differences in resource acquisition strategy. Our study found that tendril vines were scattered in a group distinct from stem twining vines along the first axes of the principal component analysis using four behavioral traits and seven economic traits, being located at the more acquisitive end with more hosts, a larger distance to length ratio of stem, higher leaf and root nitrogen concentrations, and lower leaf carbon content, while stem twining vines showed the opposite trends. These results indicate that tendril vines have a more acquisitive strategy than stem twining vines. The findings suggest a functional variability among the different climbing mechanisms, and which should be accounted for in future studies.
Modeling the distribution of pine wilt disease in China using the ensemble models MaxEnt and CLIMEX
Authors: Chen Lin , Lu Wenxiong , Lamont Byron B. , Liu Yu , Wei Pujie , Xue Weixing , Xiong Zixuan , Tang Li , Wang Yongjian , Wang Pengcheng , Yan Zhaogui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPine wilt disease (PWD) is a devastating plant disease caused by the pinewood nematode (PWN, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) that is transmitted by several beetle species in the genus, Monochamus. Once present, the disease is difficult to control. Prevention rather than control is regarded as an effective strategy for PWD management. Central to this prevention strategy is the ability to predict the potential distribution of the disease. Here, we employed an integrated MaxEnt and CLIMEX approach to model the potential distribution of PWD under various climate‐change scenarios. Our results indicate that rising temperatures and lower humidity under climate change will render some of the northern regions of China more suitable for the nematode and these beetles, causing the gradual northward movement of PWD. Furthermore, suitable habitats for three pine species, Pinus massoniana, P. taiwanensis and P. shurbergia, overlap with PWN and Monochamus, suggesting that these three species are potentially at high risk of PWD. Thus, PWD management should target the northern regions of China and the three pine species that are most susceptible to PWD.
Imperfections in transparency and mimicry do not increase predation risk for clearwing butterflies with educated predators
Authors: Yeager Justin , Robison Abigail , Wade Cordon D. , Barnett James B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTransparency is an intuitive form of concealment and, in certain butterflies, transparent patches on the wings can contribute to several distinct forms of camouflage. However, perhaps paradoxically, the largely transparent wings of many clearwing butterflies (Ithomiini, Nymphalidae) also feature opaque, and often colorful, elements which may reduce crypsis. In many instances, these elements may facilitate aposematic signaling, but little is known of how transparency and aposematism may interact. Here, we used field predation trials to ask two main questions regarding camouflage and signaling in Ithomiini clearwings. In Experiment 1, we focused on camouflage to ask where being transparent may have an advantage over being opaque. We predicted that, as a single opaque pattern can only match a limited range of backgrounds, transparent wings would offer more effective concealment, and experience lower predation risk, over a wider range of backgrounds colors (i.e., green vs. brown substrates) and behaviors (i.e., perched vs. flying) than opaque wings. In Experiment 2, we focused on the effect conspicuous opaque colors may have on clearwing survival. We predicted that although salient signals may increase detectability, those commonly associated with toxic Ithomiini clearwings would not increase predation risk. Both experiments were conducted among educated predators within the natural range of Ithomiini clearwings and we found predation rates to be very low. In Experiment 1, we found some marginal evidence to suggest that opaque, but not transparent, butterflies may suffer increased predation during flight, whereas in Experiment 2, we found equal survival across all model prey types regardless of coloration. Taken together we suggest that any loss of camouflage due to conspicuous coloration may be compensated by aversive signaling, and that educated predators may broadly generalize across a wide range of known and novel clearwing phenotypes.
Benefit of implantable cardioverter defibrillator use in Japanese patients based on modified MADIT‐ICD benefit score
Authors: Chiba Toshinori , Kondo Yusuke , Shiko Yuki , Nakano Masahiro , Takatsugu Kajiyama , Nakano Miyo , Ito Ryo , Sugawara Masafumi , Yoshino Yutaka , Ryuzaki Satoko , Takanashi Yukiko , Komai Yuya , Kobayashi Yoshio 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimsThe MADIT‐ICD benefit score is used to stratify the risk of life‐threatening arrhythmia and non‐arrhythmic mortality. We sought to develop an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) benefit‐prediction score for Japanese patients with ICDs.MethodsPatients who underwent ICD implantation as primary prophylaxis were retrospectively enrolled. Based on their MADIT‐ICD benefit scores, we developed a modified MADIT‐ICD benefit score adapted to the Japanese population. The primary endpoints were appropriate ICD therapy and all‐cause death without appropriate ICD therapy (non‐arrhythmic death). We used the Fine and Gray multivariate model and Cox proportional hazard regression to identify factors for adjusting the MADIT‐ICD benefit–risk score specifically for the Japanese population. The scoring points for the original MADIT‐ICD benefit score were adjusted to optimal points based on the multivariate analysis results in the population.ResultsThe study enrolled 167 patients [age, 61.9 ± 12.3 years; male individuals, 138 (82.6%); cardiac resynchronization therapy, 73 (43.7%); ischaemic cardiomyopathy, 53 (31.7%)]. Fourteen patients received anti‐tachycardia pacing (ATP) therapy, and 23 received shock therapy as the initial appropriate ICD therapy. Non‐arrhythmic deaths occurred in 37 patients. The original MADIT‐ICD benefit score could not stratify non‐arrhythmic mortality in the Japanese population. The patients were reclassified into three groups according to the modified MADIT‐ICD benefit score. The modified MADIT‐ICD benefit score could effectively stratify the incidence of appropriate ICD therapy and non‐arrhythmic mortality. In the highest‐benefit group, the 10 year cumulative rates of appropriate ICD therapy and non‐arrhythmic mortality were 56.8% and 12.9%, respectively (P < 0.01). In the intermediate‐benefit group, these rates were 20.2% and 40.2% (P = 0.01). In the lowest‐benefit group, the incidence of non‐arrhythmic deaths was 68.1%, and no patient received appropriate ICD therapy.ConclusionsThe modified MADIT‐ICD benefit score may be useful for stratifying ICD candidates in the Japanese population.
In‐hospital course of patients with heart failure with improved ejection fraction in the DELIVER trial
Authors: Pabon Maria A. , Vaduganathan Muthiah , Claggett Brian L. , Chatur Safia , Siqueira Sara , Marti‐Castellote Pablo , de Boer Rudolf A. , Hernandez Adrian F. , Inzucchi Silvio E. , Kosiborod Mikhail N. , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Martinez Felipe , Shah Sanjiv J. , Desai Akshay S. , Jhund Pardeep S. , McMurray John J.V. , Solomon Scott D. , Vardeny Orly 
Published: September 2024

AimsPatients with heart failure (HF) with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF) may face residual risks of clinical events that are comparable to those experienced by patients with HF whose left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) has consistently been above 40%. However, little is known about the clinical course of patients with HFimpEF during hospitalization for HF.Methods and resultsDELIVER randomized patients with HF and LVEF >40% to dapagliflozin or placebo, including HFimpEF (LVEF previously ≤40%). We evaluated all HF hospitalizations adjudicated by the clinical endpoints committee with available data for determination of in‐hospital course. Complicated hospitalization was defined as any hospitalization requiring intensive care unit stay, intravenous vasopressors/inotropes/vasodilators, invasive or non‐invasive ventilation, mechanical fluid removal, ultrafiltration, or mechanical circulatory support. LVEF changes were extracted using a validated GPT‐3.5, a large language model, via a secure private endpoint. Of the 6263 patients enrolled in DELIVER, 1151 (18%) had HFimpEF. During a median follow‐up of 2.3 years, there were 224 total HF hospitalizations in 144 patients with HFimpEF and 985 in 603 patients with LVEF consistently >40%. Patients with HFimpEF experienced higher rates of complicated HF hospitalization as compared with patients with LVEF consistently >40% (39% vs. 27%; p < 0.001). Among those who experienced a first HF hospitalization, there was no significant difference in length of stay or in‐hospital mortality between patients with HFimpEF versus LVEF consistently >40%. In a subset of participants who had at least one LVEF measurement available during HF hospitalization, 66% of those with HFimpEF and 29% of patients with LVEF consistently >40% experienced a reduction in their LVEF to ≤40% from the time of enrolment (p < 0.001). In the entire DELIVER cohort, dapagliflozin reduced total uncomplicated and complicated HF hospitalizations, irrespective of HFimpEF status (pinteraction ≥0.30).ConclusionsAmong patients hospitalized for HF in DELIVER, those with HFimpEF experienced a more adverse in‐hospital clinical course, necessitating higher resource utilization beyond standard diuretic therapy compared with patients with HF and LVEF consistently >40%, but had similar in‐hospital mortality. Treatment benefits of dapagliflozin were not modified by hospitalization type.
Efficient Synthesis of the Pyoverdine Chromophore: Expanding the Toolbox for the Preparation of Pyoverdine Conjugates
Authors: Zhang Tianzhu , Bolhuis Albert , Eggleston Ian M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe pyoverdine chromophore is an important component of a family of siderophores which are secreted by the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa for iron absorption. In this study, an efficient and improved synthetic route to the chromophore structure is reported, beginning from readily available starting materials, D‐glutamic acid and L–DOPA. This strategy has not only delivered the first synthesis of the free pyoverdine D chromophore, but also offers potential access to a wide range of other pyoverdine chromophore species.
Group dynamics and therapy outcome of multimodal pain therapies: A prospective observational trial
Authors: Mihatsch Lorenz Leopold , Luchting Benjamin , Baumann Nannette , Kiesewetter Isabel , Richter Hans Peter 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundFor the treatment of chronic pain, interdisciplinary treatment programs are recommended. Despite continuous adaptation and optimization of this cost‐ and time‐intensive and comprehensive form of therapy, it is not successful in some patients. As personality disorders have an important influence on social interaction and behaviour, the aim of our study was to identify the possible impact of patients with personality disorders on group dynamics and to analyse the influence of group dynamics on individual therapy outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a prospective observational study in patients with chronic pain (N = 104) who participated in a 5‐week interdisciplinary treatment program. The main outcome parameters were psychological state and pain intensity before and after the program.ResultsIn contrast to our clinical assumption, we found that neither the type nor the number of patients with personality accentuation or personality disorders had a clinically relevant influence on group dynamics and that even a negative group dynamic did not negatively influence the individual therapy outcome.DiscussionThis trial analysed the connection between group dynamics and therapy outcome of multimodal pain therapies in chronic pain patients considering the factor of personality disorders. Our data demonstrated that neither the type nor the number of patients with personality disorders had a clinically relevant influence on group dynamics and that even a negative group dynamic did not negatively influence the individual therapy outcome. Hence, clinicians should not be afraid to include patients with personality disorders in their treatment programs.Significance StatementThe study emphasizes that clinicians may include patients with personality disorders in multimodal pain treatment programs and groups, provided that the maintenance of a close therapeutic bond with the patient and within the interdisciplinary team is given.
Whole‐body volume of oxygen consumption while walking: Agreement between measured and estimated values
Authors: Clavero‐Jimeno Antonio , Marmol‐Perez Andres , Dote‐Montero Manuel , Ruiz Jonatan R. , Alcantara Juan M. A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPredictive equations are widely employed for estimating the volume of oxygen consumption (VO2) while walking, which is ultimately employed to determine energy expenditure and tailor exercise prescription. This study aimed to test the agreement between the measured VO2 and estimated VO2 during a walking protocol on a treadmill at 3.5, 4.5, 5.5, and 6.5 km/h. Thirty‐eight young adults (50% women) participated in this cross‐sectional study. The Omnical (Maastricht Instruments, Maastricht, The Netherlands) and K5 (Cosmed, Rome, Italy) metabolic systems were used to measure VO2. To determine the predictive equations, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using the MEDLINE database from May 2022 to July 2023. Seven predictive equations were found and included for estimating VO2 values. We calculated the mean bias (mean difference between measured VO2 and estimated VO2) obtained at each speed using one‐sample t‐tests. We compared the VO2 measured and estimated values using repeated measures analysis of variance and the Bland–Altman method. One‐sample t‐tests showed that all score errors were different from zero (ranging from 1.1 to 5.4 mL/kg/min). Thus, no predictive equation estimated similar VO2 values in comparison with the Omnical and K5 metabolic systems at all intensities. However, the Weyand equation showed the lowest bias across all intensities (score error of 1.1 mL/kg/min). This study showed a lack of agreement between the Omnical and K5 systems compared to diverse predictive equations specially designed to estimate VO2 during walking. Nevertheless, based on our results, the Weyand equation should be the preferred option.
Novel peptides with calcium‐binding capacity from antler bone hydrolysate, its bioactivity on MC3T3‐E1 cells, and the possible chelating mode
Authors: Wang Zhaoguo , Zhai Xiaorui , Xiao Xingyu , Xia Peijun , Chen Xi , Li Yi , Hao Linlin , Zhang Yining 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this study, peptide‐calcium chelate was screened from antler bone hydrolysate, and its bioactivity on MC3T3‐E1 cells and its chelating mechanism were investigated. In vitro experiments showed that peptide‐calcium chelate promoted the differentiation and mineralization of MC3T3‐E1 cells. Subsequently, three novel calcium‐chelating peptides were obtained from antler bone hydrolysate using hydroxyapatite chromatography (HAC), Sephadex G‐25 gel filtration chromatography, and reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC). Meanwhile, this work determined peptides' amino acid sequences as TKLGTQLQL, LETVILGLLKT, and KMVFLMDLLK based on LC–MS/MS. Then the present work prepared the three peptides, with the corresponding calcium‐chelating rates being verified as 87.68 ± 2.86%, 80.72 ± 0.93%, and 67.96 ± 0.98%, respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible absorption (UV–vis) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), circular dichroism (CD), zeta potential, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were adopted to investigate the chelating mode of peptides with calcium ions. As a result, oxygen in the carboxyl group and the nitrogen in the amino group were related to calcium binding. In addition, the chelation site preferred the negatively charged carboxylate groups of Leu or Thr. The present work revealed that antler bone might be the new calcium‐chelating peptide source and elucidated their positive role in osteogenesis.