bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using the three‐parameter Weibull distribution in assessment of threshold strength of pressboard impregnated by different liquid dielectrics
Authors: Rozga Pawel 
Published: June 2016

This study presents the results of the measurements of electrical strength of pressboard specimens impregnated with three different liquid dielectrics: mineral oil, natural ester and synthetic ester. In the experiment carried out in accordance with IEC 60243 standard, two types of pressboard specimens of thicknesses 0.5 and 1 mm, respectively, were considered. The data obtained during the measurements in the form of breakdown voltages were used for calculation of the electrical strength. Both standard‐based approach where median value was taken into account in calculations and statistical approach using three‐parameter Weibull distribution function where location parameter V0 was considered were applied. The results obtained on the basis of both approaches showed that both the specimens impregnated with mineral oil and ester liquids gave the satisfactory results within the electrical strength determined, which in all cases was higher than minimum required for the impregnated pressboards. The differences indicating slightly better impregnation properties of mineral oil, when the same impregnation conditions are used, are noticeable especially in the case of location parameter of Weibull distribution function. However, these differences are small and in relation to the requirements for the impregnated pressboards may be treated as negligible.
Right Anterolateral Minithoracotomy versus Median Sternotomy Approach for Resection of Left Atrial Myxoma
Authors: Dong Nian , Zhang Kai , Wu Long , Hong Hao 
Published: June 2016

Background Minimally invasive surgery has become the standard approach for several cardiac diseases. In this retrospective study, we compared right anterolateral minithoracotomy (RALT) with standard median sternotomy (SMS) for resection of left atrial myxoma (LAM).
Materials and Methods From January 2009 to June 2015, the clinical data of patients who underwent RALT (n = 30) and SMS (n = 36) for resection of LAM in our hospital were collected. The preoperative clinical data and operative results were compared between the two groups.
Results There were no significant differences in aortic cross-clamp and cardiopulmonary bypass time between the two groups. The total incision length was significantly shorter in RALT group compared with SMS group (p < 0.001). For RALT and SMS groups, respectively, the intensive care unit length of stay was 29.2 ± 6.5 versus 43.5 ± 6.9 hours (p < 0.001), and the postoperative hospital length of stay was 5 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 4–6) versus 8 days (IQR: 7–10) (p < 0.001). The total cost in RALT group was 27,000 RMB (IQR: 25,000–29,000) versus 33,000 RMB (IQR: 31,000–35,000) in SMS group (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in mortality and postoperative complications between the two groups.
Conclusion RALT approach for LAM resection can be performed safely with favorable cosmetic outcome, accepted clinical results, and lower cost. It should be considered as a promising alternative to SMS and merit additional study.
Was berichten Hausärzte und Zahnärzte über ihre Zusammenarbeit? Ergebnisse aus einer qualitativen Exploration
Authors: Huettig F. , Said F. , Sippli K. , Preiser C. , Rieger M. 
Published: June 2016

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie: Ausgehend von wissenschaftlich nachgewiesenen Zusammenhängen von Mund- und Allgemeingesundheit – insbesondere bei alterskorrelierten Erkrankungen – erfordert eine holistische Patientenversorgung die Kooperation von Allgemein- und Zahnmedizinern. Neben der kurativen Versorgung sind dabei auch Aspekte der Prävention berührt. Da beide Arztgruppen administrativ getrennt sind, gilt es aufzuklären: Wie werden die Zusammenhänge zwischen Mund- und Allgemeingesundheit in den Versorgungsalltag von Zahn- und Hausärzten integriert?
Methodik: Es wurden 28 teilstrukturierte Interviews mit Haus- und Zahnärzten in 3 Strukturregionen Baden-Württembergs durchgeführt. Diese Interviews wurden in den Praxen der Teilnehmenden aufgezeichnet, transkribiert und mittels Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring von 2 Zahnärzten und Soziologen ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse: Zusammenhänge zwischen Mund- und Allgemeingesundheit sind beiden Arztgruppen teilweise bekannt. Dennoch gibt es keine vielfältigen Kontakte. Hausärzte schicken Patienten ohne direkten Kontakt zu Zahnärzten. Anlässe sind vornehmlich ein desolater Zahnstatus, seltener ein therapieresistenter Kopf- und Gesichtsschmerz. Zahnärzte kontaktieren Hausärzte zur Nachfrage oder vor Patientenzuweisung hauptsächlich wegen Medikation und Einschätzung zum Gerinnungsstatus vor operativen Eingriffen. Präventive Aspekte spielen eine untergeordnete Rolle. Kollegiale Rücksprachen hängen maßgeblich von einem „persönlichen Kennen“ ab.
Schlussfolgerung: Die administrative Trennung determiniert die Zusammenarbeit. Es findet eine „Abgrenzung der Mundhöhle im Versorgungsalltag“ statt. Der interdisziplinären Patientenversorgung stehen Hindernisse im Wissenstransfer sowie der täglichen Umsetzung entgegen.
Protective effect of composite earthworm powder against diabetic complications via increased fibrinolytic function and improvement of lipid metabolism in ZDF rats
Authors: Kawakami Tomoko , Fujikawa Airi , Ishiyama Yohei , Hosojima Michihiro , Saito Akihiko , Kubota Masatoshi , Fujimura Shinobu , Kadowaki Motoni 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThrombosis is the leading cause of mortality globally. It is not only a complication but also a risk factor for progression of diabetes. However, alternative oral therapies and prophylaxis with less adverse effect for thrombosis have not been well studied. In this study, composite powder containing earthworm (CEP) was used and its fibrinolytic activity was measured. CEP was found to have a high urokinase-type plasminogen activator like activity in an in vitro assay. It also had significantly shortened euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT) at 4 and 24 h after ingestion in Sprague Dawley rats. Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats were used to assess the effect of CEP on diabetes and diabetic nephropathy. After 10 weeks of feeding, CEP significantly shortened ECLT and attenuated HbA1c, hepatic lipid accumulation, and urinary albumin excretion and improved glomerular mesangial matrix score. Therefore, CEP may have beneficial effects on diabetes and diabetic nephropathy.
Immunophysiological Response of Pacific White Shrimp Exposed to a Probiotic Mixture of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes in Farm Conditions
Authors: Vargas-Albores Francisco , Martínez-Porchas Marcel , Arvayo Miguel A , Villalpando-Canchola Enrique , Gollas-Galván Teresa , Porchas-Cornejo Marco A 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The effect of a probiotic mixture (Proteobacteria–Firmicutes) on the immune and physiological responses of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei reared at commercial scale was evaluated. Shrimp were cultured into two different systems: a traditional system and a probiotic-based system using the probiotic mixture every day of culture. Hemolymph parameters and the expression of immune-related genes were monitored during the culture cycle. Shrimp reared in the probiotic-based system registered an upregulation of clotting protein (CP), prophenoloxidase (proPO), alpha-2-macrogolbulin (A2M), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and heat shock protein (hsp) 60 genes in hemocytes compared with those reared in the traditional system. Also, high transcription levels of CP, proPO, transglutaminase, beta glucan binding protein, SOD, hsp60, and hsp90 genes were detected in the hepatopancreatic tissue of shrimp reared with probiotics. While no significant differences were detected for hemolymphatic concentrations of glucose, lactate, and protein, lower concentrations of cholesterol and acylglycerides were detected in shrimp cultured with probiotics; in addition, we detected a higher activity of proPO and a lower activity of aminotransferases, and recorded better survival in these shrimp. Results suggest that the probiotic mixture we used had an immunostimulatory effect on the shrimp; the upregulation of all the genes studied suggests the activation of the complex immune network. From a physiological perspective, the results also indicate that probiotics can be effective at the commercial shrimp farm scale.
Effect of cryopreservation and post-cryopreservation somatic embryogenesis on the epigenetic fidelity of cocoa (Theobroma cacaoL.)
Authors: Adu-Gyamfi Raphael , Wetten Andy , Marcelino Carlos , López Rodríguez 
Published: June 2016

While cocoa plants regenerated from cryopreserved somatic embryos can demonstrate high levels of phenotypic variability, little is known about the sources of the observed variability. Previous studies have shown that the encapsulation-dehydration cryopreservation methodology imposes no significant extra mutational load since embryos carrying high levels of genetic variability are selected against during protracted culture. Also, the use of secondary rather than primary somatic embryos has been shown to further reduce the incidence of genetic somaclonal variation. Here, the effect ofin vitroconservation, cryopreservation and post-cryopreservation generation of somatic embryos on the appearance of epigenetic somaclonal variation were comparatively assessed. To achieve this we compared the epigenetic profiles, generated using Methylation Sensitive Amplified Polymorphisms, of leaves collected from the ortet tree and from cocoa somatic embryos derived from threein vitroconditions: somatic embryos, somatic embryos cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen and somatic embryos generated from cryoproserved somatic embryos. Somatic embryos accumulated epigenetic changes but these were less extensive than in those regenerated after storage in LN. Furthermore, the passage of cryopreserved embryos through another embryogenic stage led to further increase in variation. Interestingly, this detected variability appears to be in some measure reversible. The outcome of this study indicates that the cryopreservation induced phenotypic variability could be, at least partially, due to DNA methylation changes.Key messagePhenotypic variability observed in cryostored cocoa somatic-embryos is epigenetic in nature. This variability is partially reversible, not stochastic in nature but a directed response to thein-vitroculture and cryopreservation.
Looking for a Signal in the Noise: Revisiting Obesity and the Microbiome
Authors: Sze Marc A , Schloss Patrick D 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTwo recent studies have re-analyzed published data and found that when datasets are analyzed independently there was limited support for the widely accepted hypothesis that changes in the microbiome are associated with obesity. This hypothesis was reconsidered by increasing the number of datasets and pooling the results across the individual datasets. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were applied to identify 10 studies for an updated and more synthetic analysis. Alpha diversity metrics and the relative risk of obesity based on those metrics were used to identify a limited number of significant associations with obesity; however, when the results of the studies were pooled using a random effects model significant associations were observed between Shannon diversity, number of observed OTUs, and Shannon evenness and obesity status. They were not observed for the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutesor their individual relative abundances. Although these tests yielded small P-values, the difference between the Shannon diversity index of non-obese and obese individuals was 2.07%. A power analysis demonstrated that only one of the studies had sufficient power to detect a 5% difference in diversity. When Random Forest machine learning models were trained on one dataset and then tested using the other 9 datasets, the median accuracy varied between 33.01 and 64.77% (median=56.68%). Although there was support for a relationship between the microbial communities found in human feces and obesity status, this association was relatively weak and its detection is confounded by large interpersonal variation and insufficient sample sizes.ImportanceAs interest in the human microbiome grows there is an increasing number of studies that can be used to test numerous hypotheses across human populations. The hypothesis that variation in the gut microbiota can explain or be used to predict obesity status has received considerable attention and is frequently mentioned as an example for the role of the microbiome in human health. Here we assess this hypothesis using ten independent studies and find that although there is an association, it is smaller than can be detected by most microbiome studies. Furthermore, we directly tested the ability to predict obesity status based on the composition of an individual’s microbiome and find that the median classification accuracy is between 33.01 and 64.77%. This type of analysis can be used to design future studies and expanded to explore other hypotheses.
Functional brain segmentation using inter-subject correlation in fMRI
Authors: Kauppi Jukka-Pekka , Pajula Juha , Niemi Jari , Hari Riitta , Tohka Jussi 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe human brain continuously processes massive amounts of rich sensory information. To better understand such highly complex brain processes, modern neuroimaging studies are increasingly utilizing experimental setups that better mimic daily-life situations. We propose a new exploratory data-analysis approach, functional segmentation intersubject correlation analysis (FuSeISC), to facilitate the analysis of functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) data sets collected in these experiments. The method provides a new type of functional segmentation of brain areas, not only characterizing areas that display similar processing across subjects but also areas in which processing across subjects is highly variable.We tested FuSeISC using fMRI data sets collected during traditional block-design stimuli (37 subjects) as well as naturalistic auditory narratives (19 subjects). The method identified spatially local and/or bilaterally symmetric clusters in several cortical areas, many of which are known to be processing the types of stimuli used in the experiments. The method is not only prominent for spatial exploration of large fMRI data sets obtained using naturalistic stimuli, but has other potential applications such as generation of a functional brain atlases including both lower-and higher-order processing areas.Finally, as a part of FuSeISC, we propose a criterion-based sparsification of the shared nearest-neighbor graph for detecting clusters in noisy data. In our tests with synthetic data, this technique was superior to well-known clustering methods, such as Ward's method, affinity propagation and K-means++.
CASEIN KINASE1-LIKE PROTEIN2 Regulates Actin Filament Stability and Stomatal Closure via Phosphorylation of Actin Depolymerizing Factor
Authors: Zhao Shuangshuang , Jiang Yuxiang , Zhao Yang , Huang Shanjin , Yuan Ming , Zhao Yanxiu , Guo Yan 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The opening and closing of stomata are crucial for plant photosynthesis and transpiration. Actin filaments undergo dynamic reorganization during stomatal closure, but the underlying mechanism for this cytoskeletal reorganization remains largely unclear. In this study, we identified and characterized Arabidopsis thaliana casein kinase 1-like protein 2 (CKL2), which responds to abscisic acid (ABA) treatment and participates in ABA- and drought-induced stomatal closure. Although CKL2 does not bind to actin filaments directly and has no effect on actin assembly in vitro, it colocalizes with and stabilizes actin filaments in guard cells. Further investigation revealed that CKL2 physically interacts with and phosphorylates actin depolymerizing factor 4 (ADF4) and inhibits its activity in actin filament disassembly. During ABA-induced stomatal closure, deletion of CKL2 in Arabidopsis alters actin reorganization in stomata and renders stomatal closure less sensitive to ABA, whereas deletion of ADF4 impairs the disassembly of actin filaments and causes stomatal closure to be more sensitive to ABA. Deletion of ADF4 in the ckl2 mutant partially recues its ABA-insensitive stomatal closure phenotype. Moreover, Arabidopsis ADFs from subclass I are targets of CKL2 in vitro. Thus, our results suggest that CKL2 regulates actin filament reorganization and stomatal closure mainly through phosphorylation of ADF.
Magnetohydrodynamic effects on flow structures and heat transfer over two cylinders wrapped with a porous layer in side
Authors: Rashidi Saman , Abolfazli Esfahani Javad , Valipour Mohammad Sadegh , Bovand Masoud , Pop Ioan 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– The analysis of the flow field and heat transfer around a tube row or tube banks wrapped with porous layer have many related engineering applications. Examples include the reactor safety analysis, combustion, compact heat exchangers, solar power collectors, high-performance insulation for buildings and many another applications. The purpose of this paper is to perform a numerical study on flows passing through two circular cylinders in side-by-side arrangement wrapped with a porous layer under the influence of a magnetic field. The authors focus the attention to the effects of magnetic field, Darcy number and pitch ratio on the mechanism of convection heat transfer and flow structures.

Design/methodology/approach
– The Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer model for simulating the flow in porous medium along with the Maxwell equations for providing the coupling between the flow field and the magnetic field have been used. Equations with the relevant boundary conditions are numerically solved using a finite volume approach. In this study, Stuart and Darcy numbers are varied within the range of 0
<
N
<
3 and 1e-6
<
Da
<
1e-2, respectively, and Reynolds and Prandtl numbers are equal to Re=100 and Pr=0.71, respectively.

Findings
– The results show that the drag coefficient decreases for N
<
0.6 and increases for N
>
0.6. Also, the effect of magnetic field is negligible in the gap between two cylinders because the magnetic field for two cylinders counteracts each other in these regions.

Originality/value
– To the authors knowledge, in the open literature, flow passing over two circular cylinders in side-by-side arrangement wrapped with a porous layer has been rarely investigated especially under the influence of a magnetic field.
Symmetry group and numerical study of non-Newtonian nanofluid transport in a porous medium with multiple convective boundary and nonlinear radiation
Authors: Uddin Md. Jashim , Bég O. Anwar , Ismail Izani Md. 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to study two-dimensional nonlinear radiative-convective, steady-state boundary layer flow of non-Newtonian power-law nanofluids along a flat vertical plate in a saturated porous medium taking into account thermal and mass convective boundary conditions numerically.

Design/methodology/approach
– The governing equations are reduced to a set of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations with relevant boundary conditions. The transformed equations are then solved using the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg fourth-fifth order numerical method with Maple 17 and Adomian decomposition method (ADM) in Mathematica.

Findings
– The transformed equations are controlled by the parameter: power-law exponent, n; temperature ratio, Tr; Rosseland radiation-conduction, R; conduction-convection, Nc; and diffusion-convection, Nd. Temperature and nanoparticle concentration is enhanced with convection-diffusion parameter as are temperatures. Velocities are depressed with greater power-law rheological index whereas temperatures are elevated. Increasing thermal radiation flux accelerate the flow but to strongly heat the boundary layer. Very good correlation of the Maple solutions with previous stationary free stream and ADM solutions for a moving free stream, are obtained.

Practical implications
– The study is relevant to high temperature nano-polymer manufacturing systems.

Originality/value
– Lie symmetry group is used for the first time to transform the governing equations into a set of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations with relevant boundary conditions. The study is relevant to high temperature nano-polymer manufacturing systems.
Hostility in firefighters: personality and mental health
Authors: Wagner Shannon , Pasca Romana , Crosina Jordan 
Published: June 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the contribution of personality factors, especially hostility, as they related to traumatic stress and mental health symptoms in firefighters.Design/methodology/approach– A group of paid-professional firefighters (n=94) completed a questionnaire study that included a demographic questionnaire, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, the NEO Five-Factor Inventory-Revised, the Framingham Type A Scale, and the Symptom Checklist-90. Multiple regressions were used to evaluate the relationship between neuroticism or lack of agreeableness with hostility, controlling for Type A, years of service and age. Subsequently, hostility was used to predict traumatic stress and mental health symptoms, controlling for Type A, years of service, age, neuroticism, and lack of agreeableness.Findings– Both neuroticism and lack of agreeableness were determined to be significant predictors of hostility. Further, hostility positively predicted somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism, Global Severity Index, Positive Symptom Distress Index, and Positive Symptoms Total. Although not significant, trends that hostility also predicted traumatic stress and phobic anxiety were evident.Originality/value– To the knowledge, this is the first study to specifically investigate the impact of hostility on mental health of paid-professional firefighters. In addition, the findings suggest that interventions to screen for and subsequently reduce hostility in firefighters may be beneficial for overall mental health (e.g. anger management training, etc.).
Stress and stress management in European crisis managers
Authors: Haus Mirjam , Adler Christine , Hagl Maria , Maragkos Markos , Duschek Stefan 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine specific stressors and demands, perceived control, received support and stress management strategies of crisis managers (i.e. executives and supervisors of organizations involved in disaster response) in the context of large-scale missions.

Design/methodology/approach
– Totally, 31 semi-structured interviews with crisis managers were conducted in five European countries and analyzed with the qualitative text analysis method GABEK®.

Findings
– The sample reported high demands and various sources of stress, including event-specific stressors as well as group specific, occupational stressors such as responsibility for decision making, justification of failures or dealing with press and media. While possibilities for control were perceived as limited during large-scale missions, organizational and peer support played an important role in mitigating mission-related stress. Effective stress management strategies were reported as crucial to ensure successful crisis management, and a need for more comprehensive stress management trainings was emphasized.

Originality/value
– While stressors and coping strategies in first responders and emergency services personnel have been previously examined, corresponding research regarding the professional group of crisis management leaders remains scarce. Therefore, this study makes an important contribution by examining influential stressors within the work environment of crisis managers and by identifying starting points and requirements for stress management trainings and psychosocial support programs.