bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Within‐ and between‐person and group variance in behavior and beliefs in cross‐cultural longitudinal data☆
Authors: Deater‐Deckard Kirby , Godwin Jennifer , Lansford Jennifer E. , Bacchini Dario , Bombi Anna Silvia , Bornstein Marc H. , Chang Lei , Di Giunta Laura , Dodge Kenneth A. , Malone Patrick S. , Oburu Paul , Pastorelli Concetta , Skinner Ann T. , Sorbring Emma , Steinberg Laurence , Tapanya Sombat , Alampay Liane Peña , Uribe Tirado Liliana Maria , Zelli Arnaldo , Al‐Hassan Suha M. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThis study grapples with what it means to be part of a cultural group, from a statistical modeling perspective. The method we present compares within‐ and between‐cultural group variability, in behaviors in families. We demonstrate the method using a cross‐cultural study of adolescent development and parenting, involving three biennial waves of longitudinal data from 1296 eight‐year‐olds and their parents (multiple cultures in nine countries). Family members completed surveys about parental negativity and positivity, child academic and social‐emotional adjustment, and attitudes about parenting and adolescent behavior. Variance estimates were computed at the cultural group, person, and within‐person level using multilevel models. Of the longitudinally consistent variance, most was within and not between cultural groups—although there was a wide range of between‐group differences. This approach to quantifying cultural group variability may prove valuable when applied to quantitative studies of acculturation.
Hybrid high-order sliding mode-based control for multivariable cross-coupling systems: Scale-laboratory helicopter system application
Authors: Kada B. , Juhany K.A.T. , Balamesh A.S.A. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a high-order sliding mode approach to design variable structure controllers for nonlinear multivariable cross-coupling systems whereby a change in either control input affects the control loops of all the subsystems dynamics. A hybrid-sliding mode control (hybrid-SMC) scheme is constructed combining a new equivalent control algorithm with a high-order discontinuous control algorithm to benefit from the advantages of both control strategies. The hybrid-SMC scheme uses weighting coefficients to weight and combine controllers. The equivalent control algorithm uses a relative degree concept through dynamic constraints imposed on the sliding variables to overcome the limitations of the conventional approaches and to provide an optimum tracking performance. A scale-laboratory helicopter model is used to sum up the main features and demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed control scheme. The proposed hybrid-SMC strategy is compared to existing sliding mode-based control approaches in terms of tracking performance, stability and control efforts. The obtained results demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed hybrid-SMC scheme.
Hegel and Honneth’s Theoretical Deficit: Education, Social Freedom and the Institutions of Modern Life
Authors: Dum Jenn , Guay Robert 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe accounts of social freedom offered by G. W. F. Hegel and Axel Honneth identify the normative demands on social institutions and explain how individual freedom is realized through rational participation in such institutions. While both offer normative reconstructions of the market economy, public sphere and family, they both derive the norms of educational institutions from education’s role in preparing people for participation in other institutions. We argue that this represents a significant defect in their accounts of social freedom because they both fail to account for the distinctive aims and norms of education. Only educational institutions bring individuals into a both shared and autonomous standpoint necessary for participation in social life. We thus argue both that Hegel’s and Honneth’s accounts are empirically inadequate and that they neglect the normative demands on schools to contribute to individual moral and intellectual development.
Effect of Self Damping and Higher-Order Geometrical Nonlinearity on History of Springback Amount for a Rectangular HSLA Steel Plate
Authors: Dai H. L. , Xiao Z. H. , Jiang H. J. , Luo A. H. , Xu W. L. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBy introducing the concept of forming springback anti-coupled systems and considering the influence of the self damping effect, meanwhile establishing higher-order geometrical nonlinear equation of a high strength and low alloy (HSLA) steel plate, then a set of nonlinear dynamic springback governing equations of the plate are obtained. The finite difference method, Newmark method and iterative method are applied to solve the whole problem. Numerical results denote that the boundary conditions, thickness-length ratio of the plate and initial impact velocity of the impactor have great influence on the springback amount of the rectangular HSLA steel plate, besides the natural frequency is affected a lot by the boundary conditions and thickness-length ratio. The effect of higher-order geometrical nonlinearity on the springback amount of the plate can be ignored, considering the first-order geometrical nonlinearity is enough accurate for such similar nonlinear dynamic problems.
No influence of supplemental dietary calcium intake on the bioavailability of spinach carotenoids in humans
Authors: Corte-Real Joana , Guignard Cédric , Gantenbein Manon , Weber Bernard , Burgard Kim , Hoffmann Lucien , Richling Elke , Bohn Torsten 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDietary carotenoid intake, especially from fruits and vegetables, has been associated with a reduced incidence of several chronic diseases. However, its bioavailability can vary, depending on the food matrix and host factors. Recently, it has been suggested that divalent minerals negatively impinge on carotenoid bioavailability by reducing bile-salt and non-esterified fatty-acid levels in the gut, which normally aid in emulsifying carotenoids. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether supplemental Ca would negatively influence carotenoid absorption in humans. A total of twenty-five healthy, non-obese men (age: 20–46 years, BMI<30 kg/m2) were recruited for this postprandial, randomised, crossover, double-blinded trial. Following a randomised block design, each participant received (after 2-week washout periods), on three occasions separated by 1 week, 270 g of spinach-based meals (8·61 (sd1·08) mg carotenoids/100 g fresh weight), supplemented with 0, 500 or 1000 mg of Ca (as calcium carbonate), with each participant acting as his or her own control. Blood samples were collected at regular postprandial intervals for up to 10 h following test meal intake, and standardised lunches were served. TAG-rich lipoprotein fractions were separated and carotenoid concentrations determined. AUC for meals without supplemented Ca were 22·72 (sem2·78) nmol×h/l (lutein), 0·19 (sem3·90) nmol×h/l (β-carotene) and 2·80 (sem1·75) nmol×h/l (β-cryptoxanthin). No significant influence of supplementation with either 500 or 1000 mg of supplemental Ca was found. In conclusion, Ca – the most abundant divalent mineral in the diet – given at high but physiological concentrations, does not appear to have repercussions on the bioavailability of carotenoids from a spinach-based meal.
Parasite dynamics in an invaded ecosystem: helminth communities of native wood mice are impacted by the invasive bank vole
Authors: LOXTON KAREN C. , LAWTON COLIN , STAFFORD PETER , HOLLAND CELIA V. 
Published: June 2017

SUMMARYIt is becoming increasingly evident that biological invasions result in altered disease dynamics in invaded ecosystems, with knock-on effects for native host communities. We investigated disease dynamics in an invaded ecosystem, using the helminth communities of the native wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) in the presence and absence of the invasive bank vole (Myodes glareolus) in Ireland. Native wood mice were collected over 2 years from four sites to assess the impact of the presence of the bank vole on wood mouse helminth community dynamics both at the component and infracommunity level. We found evidence for dilution (Syphacia stroma), spill-back (Aonchotheca murissylvatici) and spill-over (Taenia martis) in native wood mice due to the presence of the bank vole. Site of capture was the most important factor affecting helminth community structure of wood mice, along with year of capture and host-age and the interactions between them.
The End of Social Security as we know it – The Erosion of Status Protection in German Labour Market Policy
Authors: BOTHFELD SILKE , ROSENTHAL PEER 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe German labour market policy regime constitutes a reliable supporting pillar of the highly productive German employment system. Due to the most recent reforms, its core principle of status protection – a basic norm of the German middle-class-related model of social protection for the population of working age – is losing its formative character. Our analysis focuses on three separate policy principles that form the guiding logic of status centredness, namely the equivalence in security provision, the mechanisms that protect the socio-economic status in the event of unemployment, and the tripartite mode of funding. We argue that the ‘Hartz Reforms’ have reinforced the logic of the legal modifications since the mid-1990s, cumulating now in a shift away from the middle-class-oriented status-centred approach of social security provision.
Effect of voicing on perceptual auditory laterality in Estonian and Norwegian native speakers
Authors: WESTERHAUSEN RENÉ , PÕLDVER NELE , NAAR RICHARD , RADZIUN DOMINIKA , KAAREP MARIA SILVIA , KREEGIPUU KAIRI , HUGDAHL KENNETH , LIPPUS PÄRTEL , KOMPUS KRISTIINA 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTAs a reliable and valid measures of perceptual auditory laterality, dichotic listening has been successfully applied in studies in many countries and languages. However, languages differ in the linguistic relevance of change in initial phoneme of words (e.g., for word identification). In the present cross-language study, we examine the effect of these differences on dichotic-listening task performance to establish how characteristics of one's native language affect the perception of nonnative phonological features. We compared 33 native speakers of Norwegian, a language characterized by a clear distinction between voiced and unvoiced initial plosive consonants, with 30 native speakers of Estonian, a language that has exclusively unvoiced initial phonemes. Using a free-report dichotic-listening paradigm utilizing pairs of voiced (/ba/, /da/, /ga/) and unvoiced (/pa/, /ta/, /ka/) stop-consonant vowels as stimulus material, the Norwegian native speakers were found to be more sensitive to the voicing of the initial plosive than the Estonian group. “Voicing” explained 69% and 18% of the variance in the perceptual auditory laterality in the Norwegian and the Estonian sample, respectively. This indicates that experiential differences, likely during acquisition of the mother tongue in early development, permanently shape the sensitivity to the voicing contrast.
Connexin 36 expression is required for electrical coupling between mouse rods and cones
Authors: ASTERITI SABRINA , GARGINI CLAUDIA , CANGIANO LORENZO 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRod-cone gap junctions mediate the so-called “secondary rod pathway”, one of three routes that convey rod photoreceptor signals across the retina. Connexin 36 (Cx36) is expressed at these gap junctions, but an unidentified connexin protein also seems to be expressed. Cx36 knockout mice have been used extensively in the quest to dissect the roles in vision of all three pathways, with the assumption, never directly tested, that rod-cone electrical coupling is abolished by deletion of this connexin isoform. We previously showed that when wild type mouse cones couple to rods, their apparent dynamic range is extended toward lower light intensities, with the appearance of large responses to dim flashes (up to several mV) originating in rods. Here we recorded from the cones of Cx36del[LacZ]/del[LacZ] mice and found that dim flashes of the same intensity evoked at most small sub-millivolt responses. Moreover, these residual responses originated in the cones themselves, since: (i) their spectral preference matched that of the recorded cone and not of rods, (ii) their time-to-peak was shorter than in coupled wild type cones, (iii) a pharmacological block of gap junctions did not reduce their amplitude. Taken together, our data show that rod signals are indeed absent in the cones of Cx36 knockout mice. This study is the first direct demonstration that Cx36 is crucial for the assembly of functional rod-cone gap junctional channels, implying that its genetic deletion is a reliable experimental approach to eliminate rod-cone coupling.
Host preference by the twig borer Xylosandrus compactus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) and simulated influence of shade trees on its populations
Authors: Egonyu James Peter , Baguma John , Ogari Isaac , Ahumuza Gladys , Ddumba Gerald 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff) is a serious pest of Coffea canephora and Theobroma cacao in Uganda and also attacks several common shade tree species often associated with these crops. Seedlings of 10 common hosts of X. compactus were screened for preferential infestation by X. compactus, with a view to analysing the potential role of the shade trees in escalating incidence and damage by the pest. The experiment was conducted for 8 weeks in a garden of mature C. canephora infested by X. compactus that served as a natural source of infestation for the seedlings. The seedlings that became infested by X. compactus were counted weekly and the counts subjected to generalized linear modelling. Results show marked host preference by X. compactus, with T. cacao and C. canephora being the most preferred, while Eucalyptus sp. and Albizia chinensis being the least preferred. Four simulated scenarios of incidence and damage by X. compactus on a preferred crop such as C. canephora are discussed. It is suggested that it is most unlikely for unpreferred alternate host shade tree species to markedly increase populations of X. compactus on shaded preferred host plants. However, these simulations, which are based on results from potted seedlings, need to be validated in a real field situation, taking into account other ecological parameters that are likely to influence pest populations.
The structural and functional characterization of human RecQ4 reveals insights into its helicase mechanism
Authors: Kaiser Sebastian , Sauer Florian , Kisker Caroline 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRecQ4 is a member of the RecQ helicase family, an evolutionarily conserved class of enzymes, dedicated to preserving genomic integrity by operating in telomere maintenance, DNA repair and replication. While reduced RecQ4 activity is associated with cancer predisposition and premature aging, RecQ4 upregulation is related to carcinogenesis and metastasis. Within the RecQ family, RecQ4 assumes an exceptional position, lacking several characteristic RecQ domains. Here we present the crystal structure of human RecQ4, encompassing the conserved ATPase core and a novel C-terminal domain that lacks resemblance to the RQC domain observed in other RecQ helicases. The new domain features a zinc-binding site and two distinct types of winged-helix domains, which are not involved in canonical DNA binding or helicase activity. Based on our structural and functional analysis, we propose that RecQ4 exerts a helicase mechanism, which may be more closely related to bacterial RecQ helicases than to its human family members.
Reminders of past choices bias decisions for reward in humans
Authors: Bornstein Aaron M. , Khaw Mel W. , Shohamy Daphna , Daw Nathaniel D. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe provide evidence that decisions are made by consulting memories for individual past experiences, and that this process can be biased in favour of past choices using incidental reminders. First, in a standard rewarded choice task, we show that a model that estimates value at decision-time using individual samples of past outcomes fits choices and decision-related neural activity better than a canonical incremental learning model. In a second experiment, we bias this sampling process by incidentally reminding participants of individual past decisions. The next decision after a reminder shows a strong influence of the action taken and value received on the reminded trial. These results provide new empirical support for a decision architecture that relies on samples of individual past choice episodes rather than incrementally averaged rewards in evaluating options and has suggestive implications for the underlying cognitive and neural mechanisms.
Anaerobic consortia of fungi and sulfate reducing bacteria in deep granite fractures
Authors: Drake Henrik , Ivarsson Magnus , Bengtson Stefan , Heim Christine , Siljeström Sandra , Whitehouse Martin J. , Broman Curt , Belivanova Veneta , Åström Mats E. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe deep biosphere is one of the least understood ecosystems on Earth. Although most microbiological studies in this system have focused on prokaryotes and neglected microeukaryotes, recent discoveries have revealed existence of fossil and active fungi in marine sediments and sub-seafloor basalts, with proposed importance for the subsurface energy cycle. However, studies of fungi in deep continental crystalline rocks are surprisingly few. Consequently, the characteristics and processes of fungi and fungus-prokaryote interactions in this vast environment remain enigmatic. Here we report the first findings of partly organically preserved and partly mineralized fungi at great depth in fractured crystalline rock (−740 m). Based on environmental parameters and mineralogy the fungi are interpreted as anaerobic. Synchrotron-based techniques and stable isotope microanalysis confirm a coupling between the fungi and sulfate reducing bacteria. The cryptoendolithic fungi have significantly weathered neighboring zeolite crystals and thus have implications for storage of toxic wastes using zeolite barriers.
Hidden biofilms in a far northern lake and implications for the changing Arctic
Authors: Mohit Vani , Culley Alexander , Lovejoy Connie , Bouchard Frédéric , Vincent Warwick F. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractShallow lakes are common across the Arctic landscape and their ecosystem productivity is often dominated by benthic, cyanobacterial biofilms. Many of these water bodies freeze to the bottom and are biologically inactive during winter, but full freeze-up is becoming less common with Arctic warming. Here we analyzed the microbiome structure of newly discovered biofilms at the deepest site of a perennially ice-covered High Arctic lake as a model of polar microbial communities that remain unfrozen throughout the year. Biofilms were also sampled from the lake’s shallow moat region that melts out and refreezes to the bottom annually. Using high throughput small subunit ribosomal RNA sequencing, we found more taxonomic richness in Bacteria, Archaea and microbial eukaryotes in the perennially unfrozen biofilms compared to moat communities. The deep communities contained both aerobic and anaerobic taxa including denitrifiers, sulfate reducers, and methanogenic Archaea. The water overlying the deep biofilms was well oxygenated in mid-summer but almost devoid of oxygen in spring, indicating anoxia during winter. Seasonally alternating oxic-anoxic regimes may become increasingly widespread in polar biofilms as fewer lakes and ponds freeze to the bottom, favoring prolonged anaerobic metabolism and greenhouse gas production during winter darkness.
Mosaic mutations in blood DNA sequence are associated with solid tumor cancers
Authors: Artomov Mykyta , Rivas Manuel A. , Genovese Giulio , Daly Mark J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRecent understanding of the causal role of blood-detectable somatic protein-truncating DNA variants in leukemia prompts questions about the generalizability of such observations across cancer types. We used the cancer genome atlas exome sequencing (~8000 samples) to compare 22 different cancer phenotypes with more than 6000 controls using a case–control study design and demonstrate that mosaic protein truncating variants in these genes are also associated with solid-tumor cancers. The absence of these cancer-associated mosaic variants from the tumors themselves suggest these are not themselves tumor drivers. Through analysis of different cancer phenotypes we observe gene-specificity for mosaic mutations. We confirm a specific link between PPM1D and ovarian cancer, consistent with previous reports linking PPM1D to breast and ovarian cancer. Additionally, glioblastoma, melanoma and lung cancers show gene specific burdens of mosaic protein truncating mutations. Taken together, these results extend existing observations and broadly link solid-tumor cancers to somatic blood DNA changes.
The destiny of the resistance/susceptibility against GCRV is controlled by epigenetic mechanisms in CIK cells
Authors: Shang Xueying , Yang Chunrong , Wan Quanyuan , Rao Youliang , Su Jianguo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHemorrhagic disease caused by grass carp reovirus (GCRV) has severely threatened the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) cultivation industry. It is noteworthy that the resistance against GCRV infection was reported to be inheritable, and identified at both individual and cellular levels. Therefore, this work was inspired and dedicated to unravel the molecular mechanisms of fate decision post GCRV infection in related immune cells. Foremost, the resistant and susceptible CIK (C. idellakidney) monoclonal cells were established by single cell sorting, subculturing and infection screening successively. RNA-Seq, MeDIP-Seq and small RNA-Seq were carried out with C1 (CIK cells), R2 (resistant cells) and S3 (susceptible cells) groups. It was demonstrated that genome-wide DNA methylation, mRNA and microRNA expression levels in S3 were the highest among three groups. Transcriptome analysis elucidated that pathways associated with antioxidant activity, cell proliferation regulation, apoptosis activity and energy consuming might contribute to the decision of cell fates post infection. And a series of immune-related genes were identified differentially expressed across resistant and susceptible groups, which were negatively modulated by DNA methylation or microRNAs. To conclude, this study systematically uncovered the regulatory mechanism on the resistance from epigenetic perspective and provided potential biomarkers for future studies on resistance breeding.