bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta-analysis of treatment outcomes of posterior circulation non-saccular aneurysms by flow diverters
Authors: Kiyofuji Satoshi , Graffeo Christopher S , Perry Avital , Murad Mohammad Hassan , Flemming Kelly D , Lanzino Giuseppe , Rangel-Castilla Leonardo , Brinjikji Waleed 
Published: October 2017

IntroductionNon-saccular aneurysms of the posterior circulation are uncommon but highly dangerous lesions. Flow diverter stents have been demonstrated to be effective treatments of various anterior circulation aneurysms, particularly large and giant proximal internal carotid artery aneurysms. However, evidence regarding the treatment of non-saccular posterior circulation aneurysms with flow diverters is lacking.MethodsA systematic literature review of the English language literature since 2007 was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase. Keywords and MeSH terms included flow diversion, flow diverter, pipeline, surpass, intracranial aneurysm, vertebrobasilar, and non-saccular. Case reports were excluded. Angiographic and clinical outcomes were pooled using a random effects meta-analysis.Results13 retrospective non-comparative studies reporting 129 patients and 131 aneurysm treatments were included. The average number of flow diverters per aneurysm was 4.33. Immediate complete or near complete occlusion of the aneurysm occurred in 25% (95% CI 1% to 60%), and long term occlusion in 52% (29–76%). Periprocedural stroke occurred in 23% of cases. Good long term neurologic outcome (modified Rankin Scale score ≤2) was achieved in 51% (95% CI 31% to 71%). Overall mortality was 21% (95% CI 7% to 38%) and morbidity was 26% (12%–42%). Retreatment was required in 5% (95% CI 0% to 14%). Good neurologic outcome rate was higher in vertebral artery aneurysms (83%) than other locations (18–33%).ConclusionsFlow diversion is a feasible and efficacious treatment for non-saccular aneurysms in the posterior circulation. However, the intervention carries a significant risk of periprocedural stroke, and is still associated with high overall mortality. Further studies are needed to identify significant treatment risk factors and optimize patient selection.
Imaging features and prognostic factors in fetal and postnatal torcular dural sinus malformations, part I: review of experience at Boston Children’s Hospital
Authors: Yang Edward , Storey Armide , Olson Heather E , Soul Janet , Estroff Judy A , Trenor Cameron C , Cooper Benjamin K , Smith Edward R , Orbach Darren B 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundEven for the most common dural sinus malformation (DSM), the torcular DSM (tDSM), generalizable statements about etiology and prognosis are difficult because neurosurgeons/neuroradiologists and obstetrical imagers have focused on different patient age groups, have reported different outcomes, and have offered differing pathophysiologic explanations.ObjectiveTo examine the imaging features and outcomes of a local cohort of tDSMs across fetal–neonatal life for commonalities.MethodsReview of imaging and clinical outcome for a local cohort of 12 tDSM patients (9 fetal, 3 postnatal).ResultsAll 12 tDSMs had similar imaging characteristics, including enlargement of the torcular and intraluminal thrombus early on, later evolving to peripheral scar tissue after treatment or spontaneous regression. Spontaneous decrease in size of the tDSM was observed in 6 prenatal and 1 postnatal case, and this decrease appeared to be irreversible once it occurred. One of 9 prenatal tDSMs was demonstrated to have arteriovenous fistulae in utero, while 2 of 3 postnatal diagnoses had arteriovenous fisutlae. All 6 prenatal tDSM diagnoses followed to term and all 3 postnatal diagnoses had a grossly normal neurologic outcome after a median of 12 months of age.ConclusionsPrenatal and postnatal tDSMs have overlapping imaging features suggesting a common etiology, and involution of a tDSM is a key imaging biomarker for a favorable outcome. While there is reason for concern with postnatally diagnosed tDSMs, good outcomes may still be achieved across the fetal–neonatal age spectrum of presentations. These findings are generalized in part II of this article.
Safety and efficacy of aneurysm treatment with WEB in the cumulative population of three prospective, multicenter series
Authors: Pierot Laurent , Moret Jacques , Barreau Xavier , Szikora Istvan , Herbreteau Denis , Turjman Francis , Holtmannspötter Markus , Januel Anne-Christine , Costalat Vincent , Fiehler Jens , Klisch Joachim , Gauvrit Jean-Yves , Weber Werner , Desal Hubert , Velasco Stéphane , Liebig Thomas , Stockx Luc , Berkefeld Joachim , Molyneux Andrew , Byrne James , Spelle Laurent 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundFlow disruption with the WEB is an innovative endovascular approach for treatment of wide-neck bifurcation aneurysms. Initial studies have shown a low complication rate with good efficacy.PurposeTo report clinical and anatomical results of the WEB treatment in the cumulative population of three Good Clinical Practice (GCP) studies: WEBCAST (WEB Clinical Assessment of Intrasaccular Aneurysm), French Observatory, and WEBCAST-2.MethodsWEBCAST, French Observatory, and WEBCAST-2 are single-arm, prospective, multicenter, GCP studies dedicated to the evaluation of WEB treatment. Clinical data were independently evaluated. Postoperative and 1-year aneurysm occlusion was independently evaluated using the 3-grade scale: complete occlusion, neck remnant, and aneurysm remnant.ResultsThe cumulative population comprised 168 patients with 169 aneurysms, including 112 female subjects (66.7%). The patients' ages ranged between 27 and 77 years (mean 55.5±10.2 years). Aneurysm locations were middle cerebral artery in 86/169 aneurysms (50.9%), anterior communicating artery in 36/169 (21.3%), basilar artery in 30/169 (17.8%), and internal carotid artery terminus in 17/169 (10.1%). The aneurysm was ruptured in 14/169 (8.3%). There was no mortality at 1 month and procedure/device-related morbidity was 1.2% (2/168). At 1 year, complete aneurysm occlusion was observed in 81/153 aneurysms (52.9%), neck remnant in 40/153 aneurysms (26.1%), and aneurysm remnant in 32/153 aneurysms (20.9%). Re-treatment was carried out in 6.9%.ConclusionsThis series is at the moment the largest prospective, multicenter, GCP series of patients with aneurysms treated with WEB. It shows the high safety and good mid-term efficacy of this treatment.Clinical trial registrationFrench Observatory: Unique identifier (NCT18069); WEBCAST and WEBCAST-2: Unique identifier (NCT01778322).
Closed superstring field theory and its applications
Authors: de Lacroix Corinne , Erbin Harold , Kashyap Sitender Pratap , Sen Ashoke , Verma Mritunjay 
Published: October 2017

We review recent developments in the construction of heterotic and type II string field theories and their various applications. These include systematic procedures for determining the shifts in the vacuum expectation values of fields under quantum corrections, computing renormalized masses and S-matrix of the theory around the shifted vacuum and a proof of unitarity of the S-matrix. The S-matrix computed this way is free from all divergences when there are more than 4 noncompact space–time dimensions, but suffers from the usual infrared divergences when the number of noncompact space–time dimensions is 4 or less.
Exercise training improves blood flow to contracting skeletal muscle of older men via enhanced cGMP signaling
Authors: Piil Peter , Smith Jørgensen Tue , Egelund Jon , Damsgaard Rasmus , Gliemann Lasse , Hellsten Ylva , Nyberg Michael 
Published: October 2017

Physical activity has the potential to offset age-related impairments in the regulation of blood flow and O2 delivery to the exercising muscles; however, the mechanisms underlying this effect of physical activity remain poorly understood. The present study examined the role of cGMP in training-induced adaptations in the regulation of skeletal muscle blood flow and oxidative metabolism during exercise in aging humans. We measured leg hemodynamics and oxidative metabolism during exercise engaging the knee extensor muscles in young [ n = 15, 25 ± 1 (SE) yr] and older ( n = 15, 72 ± 1 yr) subjects before and after a period of aerobic high-intensity exercise training. To determine the role of cGMP signaling, pharmacological inhibition of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) was performed. Before training, inhibition of PDE5 increased ( P < 0.05) skeletal muscle blood flow and O2 uptake during moderate-intensity exercise in the older group; however, these effects of PDE5 inhibition were not detected after training. These findings suggest a role for enhanced cGMP signaling in the training-induced improvement of regulation of blood flow in contracting skeletal muscle of older men. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The present study provides evidence for enhanced cyclic GMP signaling playing an essential role in the improved regulation of blood flow in contracting skeletal muscle of older men with aerobic exercise training.
Evaluation of Feature Reduction using Principal Component Analysis and Sequential Pattern Matching for Manet
Authors: Reji M. , Raja P.C. Kishore , M Bhagyalakshmi 
Published: October 2017

In Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) there are some security problems because of portability, element topology changes, and absence of any framework. In MANETs, it is of extraordinary significance to identify inconsistency and malignant conduct. With a specific end goal to recognize malignant assaults by means of interruption identification frameworks and dissect the information set, we have to choose some components. Thus, highlight determination assumes basic part in recognizing different assaults. In the writing, there are a few recommendations to choose such elements. For the most part, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) breaks down the information set and the chose highlights. In this paper, we have gathered a list of capabilities from some cutting edge works in the writing. Really, our reproduction demonstrates this list of capabilities identify inconsistency conduct more precise. Likewise, interestingly, we utilize PCA for investigating the information set. In contrast to PCA, our results show Sequential pattern mining (SPM) cannot be affected by outlier data within the network. The normal and attack states are simulated and the results are analyzed using NS2 simulator.
Mobile Learning Technologies
Authors: Alsaadat Khalil 
Published: October 2017

<p>Technological development have altered the way we communicate, learn, think, share, and spread information. Mobile technologies are those that make use of wireless technologies to gain some sort of data. As mobile connectedness continues to spread across the world, the value of employing mobile technologies in the arena of learning and teaching seems to be both self-evident and unavoidable The fast deployment of mobile devices and wireless networks in university campuses makes higher education a good environment to integrate learners-centered m-learning . this paper discusses mobile learning technologies that are being used for educational purposes and the effect they have on teaching and learning methods.</p>
A Meta-Analysis of Open-Path Eddy Covariance Observations of Apparent CO2 Flux in Cold Conditions in FLUXNET
Authors: Wang Liming , Lee Xuhui , Wang Wei , Wang Xufeng , Wei Zhongwang , Fu Congsheng , Gao Yunqiu , Lu Ling , Song Weimin , Su Peixi , Lin Guanghui 
Published: October 2017

AbstractOpen-path eddy covariance systems are widely used for measuring the CO2 flux between land and atmosphere. A common problem is that they often yield negative fluxes or physiologically unreasonable CO2 uptake fluxes in the nongrowing season under cold conditions. In this study, a meta-analysis was performed on the eddy flux data from 64 FLUXNET sites and the relationship between the observed CO2 flux and the sensible heat flux was analyzed. In theory, these two fluxes should be independent of each other in cold conditions (air temperature lower than 0°C) when photosynthesis is suppressed. However, the results show that a significant and negative linear relationship existed between these two fluxes at 37 of the sites. The mean linear slope value is −0.008 ± 0.001 µmol m−2 s−1 per W m−2 among the 64 sites analyzed. The slope value was not significantly different among the three gas analyzer models (LI-7500, LI-7500A, IRGASON/EC150) used at these sites, indicating that self-heating may not be the only reason for the apparent wintertime net CO2 uptake. These results suggest a systematic bias toward larger carbon uptakes in the FLUXNET sites that deploy open-path eddy covariance systems.
Predictors of Stunting in Children Aged 6 to 59 Months: A Case–Control Study in Southwest Uganda
Authors: Bukusuba John , Kaaya Archileo N. , Atukwase Abel 
Published: October 2017

Background: Stunting affects close to 2.4 million children in Uganda, and it is among the major contributors to the annual loss in productivity of the equivalent of US$899 million. Objective: This study sought to identify the key underlying causes of the persistently high stunting rates in a region of Uganda known to have low poverty rates and a high agricultural output. Methods: A matched case–control study was conducted in Buhweju district, southwest Uganda to compare prior exposures between stunted children (cases) and nonstunted children (controls). Results: The sample comprised 56 cases and 112 controls, totaling 168 children aged 6 to 59 months. There were almost equal numbers of boys and girls in the sample. Boys were significantly more likely to be stunted compared to girls (odds ratio [OR]: 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-4.2; P < .05). Stunted children were significantly less likely to be introduced to complementary foods at an appropriate age and their primary caregivers lacked knowledge about stunting. The odds of stunting were 2.4 times greater for children in food-insecure households compared to those in food-secure households (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.1-5.0; P < .05) and 4.5 times greater among children who resided in poor quality houses (OR: 4.5, 95% CI: 1.4-13.0; P < .05). Conclusion: Low access to appropriate complementary diets, sex of child, food insecurity, poor socioeconomic status, and low knowledge about stunting were the main predictors of childhood stunting in the study population.
Relationships between infection with Plasmodium falciparum during pregnancy, measures of placental malaria, and adverse birth outcomes
Authors: Kapisi James , Kakuru Abel , Jagannathan Prasanna , Muhindo Mary K. , Natureeba Paul , Awori Patricia , Nakalembe Miriam , Ssekitoleko Richard , Olwoch Peter , Ategeka John , Nayebare Patience , Clark Tamara D. , Rizzuto Gabrielle , Muehlenbachs Atis , Havlir Diane V. , Kamya Moses R. , Dorsey Grant , Gaw Stephanie L. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Background
Malaria in pregnancy has been associated with maternal morbidity, placental malaria, and adverse birth outcomes. However, data are limited on the relationships between longitudinal measures of malaria during pregnancy, measures of placental malaria, and birth outcomes.

Methods
This is a nested observational study of data from a randomized controlled trial of intermittent preventive therapy during pregnancy among 282 participants with assessment of placental malaria and delivery outcomes. HIV-uninfected pregnant women were enrolled at 12–20 weeks of gestation. Symptomatic malaria during pregnancy was measured using passive surveillance and monthly detection of asymptomatic parasitaemia using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). Placental malaria was defined as either the presence of parasites in placental blood by microscopy, detection of parasites in placental blood by LAMP, or histopathologic evidence of parasites or pigment. Adverse birth outcomes assessed included low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth (PTB), and small for gestational age (SGA) infants.

Results
The 282 women were divided into three groups representing increasing malaria burden during pregnancy. Fifty-two (18.4%) had no episodes of symptomatic malaria or asymptomatic parasitaemia during the pregnancy, 157 (55.7%) had low malaria burden (0–1 episodes of symptomatic malaria and < 50% of samples LAMP+), and 73 (25.9%) had high malaria burden during pregnancy (≥ 2 episodes of symptomatic malaria or ≥ 50% of samples LAMP+). Women with high malaria burden had increased risks of placental malaria by blood microscopy and LAMP [aRR 14.2 (1.80–111.6) and 4.06 (1.73–9.51), respectively], compared to the other two groups combined. Compared with women with no malaria exposure during pregnancy, the risk of placental malaria by histopathology was higher among low and high burden groups [aRR = 3.27 (1.32–8.12) and aRR = 7.07 (2.84–17.6), respectively]. Detection of placental parasites by any method was significantly associated with PTB [aRR 5.64 (1.46–21.8)], and with a trend towards increased risk for LBW and SGA irrespective of the level of malaria burden during pregnancy.

Conclusion
Higher malaria burden during pregnancy was associated with placental malaria and together with the detection of parasites in the placenta were associated with increased risk for adverse birth outcomes.
Trial Registration Current Controlled Trials Identifier NCT02163447
Endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi transitions upon herpes virus infection
Authors: Wild Peter , Kaech Andres , Schraner Elisabeth M. , Walser Ladina , Ackermann Mathias 
Published: October 2017

Background: Herpesvirus capsids are assembled in the nucleus before they are translocated to the perinuclear space by budding, acquiring tegument and envelope, or releasing to the cytoplasm in a “naked” state via impaired nuclear envelope. One model proposes that envelopment, “de-envelopment” and “re-envelopment” are essential steps for production of infectious virus. Glycoproteins gB/gH were reported to be essential for de-envelopment, by fusion of the “primary” envelope with the outer nuclear membrane. Yet, a high proportion of enveloped virions generated from genomes with deleted gB/gH were found in the cytoplasm and extracellular space, suggesting the existence of an alternative exit route.Methods: We investigated the relatedness between the nuclear envelope and membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, in cells infected with either herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) or a Us3 deletion mutant thereof, or with bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, employing freezing technique protocols that lead to improved spatial and temporal resolution.Results: Scanning electron microscopy showed the Golgi complex as a compact entity in a juxtanuclear position covered by a membrane on thecisface. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that Golgi membranes merge with membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum forming an entity with the perinuclear space. All compartments contained enveloped virions. After treatment with brefeldin A, HSV-1 virions aggregated in the perinuclear space and endoplasmic reticulum, while infectious progeny virus was still produced.Conclusions: The data strongly suggest that virions are intraluminally transported from the perinuclear space via Golgi complex-endoplasmic reticulum transitions into Golgi cisternae for packaging into transport vacuoles. Furthermore, virions derived by budding at nuclear membranes are infective as has been shown for HSV-1 Us3 deletion mutants, which almost entirely accumulate in the perinuclear space. Therefore, de-envelopment followed by re-envelopment is not essential for production of infective progeny virus.
РАЗВИТИЕ ВЫСОТНОГО СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА В ГОРОДАХ С ЧИСЛЕННОСТЬЮ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ОТ 250 ДО 500 ТЫСЯЧ ЖИТЕЛЕЙ (на примере городов Уральского Федерального округа)
Authors: Shentsova Olga Mikhaylovna , Fedosikhin Vladimir Sergeevich 
Published: October 2017

В статье рассматриваются история возведения высотных зданий, особенности восприятия высотных зданий в городской среде, какие факторы влияют на выбор места строительства высотных зданий. Раскрываются такие понятия, как «высотный дом», «высотная доминанта». Также, приводится анализ наличия высотных зданий крупных городов с численностью населения от 250 до 500 тысяч жителей Уральского Федерального округа: Кургана, Нижнего Тагила, Нижневартовска, Сургута и Магнитогорска. А также дан анализ градостроительной ситуации г. Магнитогорска, где выявлены возможные, наиболее вероятные и предлагаемые места для расположения высотных зданий на пересечении или завершении осей улиц.Цель работы – анализ высотного строительства в крупных городах Уральского Федерального округа с численностью населения от 250 до 500 тысяч жителей.Метод или методология проведения работы: в статье использовались методы теоретического и визуального анализа, наблюдения, а также изучение литературных и интернет источников.Результаты: получен систематизированный теоретический материал в области архитектуры и градостроительства городов Уральского Федерального округа.Область применения результатов: полученные результаты могут быть применены в области архитектурного образования и практической архитектурной деятельности.
Introduction
Authors: O’Leary Alan , Ghosh Shoba Venkatesh 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
This special issue is intended to take forward a sympathetic reconceptualization of the pleasures of popular film and of related forms such as soap operas and pornography. The five articles contained in the special issue vary in length and scope, and are followed by a response piece from a senior scholar. We hope that the dialogic mix of case studies and theoretical or survey approaches brings a liveliness to the treatment of pleasure, and indeed that it encapsulates our sense that pleasure retains a conceptual elusiveness, no matter how often discussed (or experienced). We acknowledge the elusiveness in this introduction, which we have cast in the form of a dialogue to acknowledge our individual motivations and to indicate the different academic and cultural contexts in which we, the two editors, work. We jointly describe the content of the articles at the end of the dialogue.
Beyond the pleasure principle: Exploring the limits of a pervasive term
Authors: Bayman Louis 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
This article aims to discuss pleasure as a way of understanding film. I do not seek to judge the correctness, political or otherwise, of certain pleasures, or to offer any overarching theory of pleasure. Instead I investigate what film scholars talk about when we talk about pleasure. Understanding pleasure more as an attitude to film spectatorship rather than an object in and of itself, I consider the importance not solely of the rational pursuit of prima facie pleasures but also of more enigmatic emotional needs relating to intimacy, pain and the confirmation of shared values. Separating cinematic pleasure from any necessary association with positivity, I caution against the potential for pleasure to be instrumentalized as part of a neo-liberal ethic of happiness.
Queer effractions: Male to male porn and the pursuit of self-shattering
Authors: Champagne John 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The changing status of HIV disease has significantly influenced cinematic representations of sex between men and the pleasures these representations offer. This article examines two different cinematic explorations of ‘risky’ sex: one, the documentary Chemsex, on the combining of sex and drugs; the other, raw (condomless) porn – including auto-porn, porn made by the people engaged in the sex being filmed. It argues that, because the sexual is the site of so much ambivalence, its representation engages sensibilities far more nuanced than the term pleasure suggests.