bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Potting Media on Growth, Flowering and Bulb Production of Hippeastrum (Hippeastrum hybridum Hort.)
Authors: Jamil Md. Khalid , Rahman M. Mizanur , Hossain M. Mofazzal , Hossain M. Tofazzal , Karim A.J.M. Sirajul 
Published: September 2016

A pot experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Research Farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1706, during the period from March, 2008 to May, 2009 to investigate the suitable potting media for flower and bulb production of hippeastrum. The potting media containing a mixture of rice husk and cowdung at the ratio of 1:1 supplemented with 10 g per pot (30 cm) each of TSP and MP was found to be the best for bigger size of flower (14.20 x 13.70 cm) and flower scape (44.40 x 27.30 cm), the highest number (7.4) and weight (252.5 g) of bulblets, the maximum diameter (76.0 mm) and weight (218.4 g) of mother bulb and total bulb yield (470.9 g) of hippeastrum. But the maximum number (3.8) of flower per scape and the longest flowering duration (11.60 days) were obtained from the potting media containing a mixture of soil, rice husk, cowdung and coirdust in 1:1:1:1 ratio supplemented with 10 g each of TSP and MP. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 259-271
Performance of Broilers Fed Diets Supplemented With Graded Levels of Soybean Oil and Different Sources of Bone Meal
Authors: Tiwari Surya Prasad , Sapkota Maheshwor , Nepali Dainik Bahadur , Yadav Jagat Lal , Tiwari Geeta Jamarkattel 
Published: September 2016

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of inclusion of three levels of soybean oil (0%, 2% and 4%) and three sources of commercial bone meals (GBM, PBM and IBM) in the diet of broiler chicken. Body weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency, digestibility coefficient, calcium, phosphorus and ash content of blood and bone of broilers were measured. Significantly higher (P<0.01) average weekly feed consumption, average cumulative body weight, average weekly body weight gain was found in broilers fed diets containing soybean oil. The highest (5058.27 g) average total feed consumption was recorded on T9 and the lowest (4117.88 g) on T1. The highest average cumulative body weight was obtained on T6 (2168.33 g) and was the lowest on T1 (1930.00 g). Similarly, the highest average body weight gain was recorded on T6 (301.04 g) and the lowest on T1 (273.77 g). The abdominal fat weight percentage was maximum (2.38%) on the diet containing 4% soybean oil with GBM and minimum (1.04%) on the diet without soybean oil withIBM. However, the overall performance of broilers was found improved on the diet containing soybean oil. The ash, calcium and phosphorus content of blood and bone were better when supplied the diet with 2% to 4% soybean oil containing the sources of bone meal. Considering better bone calcification, phosphorus and minerals utilization in the chicken body, 2% to 4% levels of the soybean oil with the GBM source of bone meal could be incorporated in the diets. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 272-280
Evaluation of Five Wheat Varieties on Arsenic Contaminated Soils of Bangladesh
Authors: Kamrozzaman M.M. , Khan M.A.H. , Ahmed S. , Sultana N. , Quddus A.F.M. Ruhul 
Published: September 2016

An experiment was conducted at Farming System Research and Development Site, Hatgobindapur, Faridpur during 2012-13 to evaluate five wheat varieties against arsenic contaminated soils and determined accumulation of arsenic in grain and straw of wheat varieties. The experiment was laid out in RCB design with six replications. BARI Gom-21, BARI Gom-23, BARI Gom-24, BARI Gom-25 and BARI Gom-26 were used as treatment variables. The arsenic content was determined by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Result revealed that, wheat varieties differed in their grain arsenic concentration (0.49-1.15 mg kg-1). The arsenic translocation in wheat grains usually least and accumulation by different tissues followed the order root>stem>leaf>grain across the varieties. The variety BARI Gom-26 was found to accumulate least arsenic in grains followed by BARI Gom-25 and BARI Gom-24 under same growing condition due to phyto-extraction or phyto-morphological potential of the varieties. Maximum grain yield (4.36 t ha-1) was obtained from BARI Gom-26 followed by BARI Gom-25 and the lowest yield (3.43 t ha-1) was recorded from BARI Gom-23. Therefore, BARI Gom-26 and BARI Gom-25 can successfully be grown for higher yield in arsenic contaminated soils and water of Faridpur. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 330-337
Study of Power Density Transmitted from Cellular Base Station Towers of Nepal Telecom in Biratnagar Sub-Metropolitan City
Authors: Thapa Dinesh , Sahu Ram Bharosh , Parajuli Prakash , Shah Buddha Ram 
Published: September 2016

Background: In this present world, human beings are being exposed directly or indirectly to some kind of ionizing and non-ionizing radiations with the development of recent scientific technologies or by natural phenomena. The study of the measurement of power density (PD) or Radio Frequency (RF) radiated from cellular Base Station Towers (BSTs) is seemed to be important in Nepal like other countries because of its various health effects. In this study, the authors measured the PD radiated from mobile base station towers in Biratnagar sub-metropolitan city, Morang. Methods and Methodology: All together 18 BSTs were selected within Biratnagar for the study purpose. Tenmars TM-196 which is a non-ionizing radiation detector was used to measure the power density. The Global Positioning System (GPS), a space-based satellite navigation system was used to locate the Maximum Peak Point (MPP) from the BSTs. Result: The maximum power density (PD) was observed near Jogbani boarder i.e. 3781.0 µW/m2 which was 0.63% of the NTA guidelines. Similarly, the minimum power density was observed near Rani BRT i.e 1549.3 µW/m2which was 0.26% of the NTA guidelines. Conclusion: From the survey it can be concluded that there is no significant health hazard to the general people due to non-ionizing radiation radiated from Base Station Towers in Biratnagar. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 338-345
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Activity among Diabetic Patients
Authors: Upadhayay Anshu 
Published: September 2016

Serum Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity is the most common screening test as a part of routine assessment of liver damage. Due to its low activity in extra hepatic tissues an increase in serum ALT is more specific for liver disease. The liver pathology among diabetics is similar to that of alcoholic liver disease, including fatty liver, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Thus, elevated serum ALT activity which is a common sign of liver disease is also observed more frequently in diabetics. This study has been designed with the aim to determine the association of serum ALT activity with diabetes mellitus. The study included 208 subjects attending Nepal police hospital during the time frame 6th October 2009 to 4th January 2010.The ALT activity in serum was determined by kit method, fasting and post prandial sugar was tested by GOD-POD method.Among the total diabetic subjects 43.26% were found to have elevated serum ALT activity (>40IU/L). Diabetic status was found to be significantly associated with ALT activity (p=0.04). In addition to diabetic status body mass index (BMI) was also significantly associated with ALT activity (p=0.02) and higher BMI increases the likelihood of elevated ALT. The association of ALT activity was found to be inverse and significant with age of the patient(r=-0.217, p=0.005). Physical activity was also found to be inversely associated with ALT activity(r=-0.149, p=0.03). Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 386-390
Influence of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Microstructure, Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Sn-Al-Bi Based Alloy
Authors: El-Bediwi Abu Bakr , El-Shishtawi N.A. , Abdullah Manal Mawloud 
Published: September 2016

Effect of adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles on microstructure, Vickers hardness, internal friction, thermal parameters and electrochemical corrosion behavior of Sn76Al10Bi10Cu2Zn2alloy has been studied using different experimental techniques. Crystallinity (peak intensity), crystal size (peak broadness) and orientations (peak position, 2θ) of Sn76Al10Bi10Cu2Zn2alloy changed after adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Corrosion resistance and internal friction of Sn76Al10Bi10Cu2Zn2 alloy improved after adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Vickers hardness value of Sn76Al10Bi10Cu2Zn2 alloy varied decreased after adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 417-424
Coccinellid Predators of Aphid and Their Phylogenetic Analysis Using COI Gene Sequences
Authors: Rain Faria Farhana , Aslam Abu Faiz Md. , Ringki Habiba Sultana , Sultana Nahida , Akter Nayma , Howlader Abdul Jabber 
Published: September 2016

An extensive survey of aphid predatory Coccinellid beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) was conducted in Jahangirnagar University campus, Savar during October 2014 to March 2016. Total nine ladybird beetles viz, Adalia bipunctata, Coccinella septempunctata, Coccinella transversalis, Cycloneda munda, Harmonia axyridis, Hippodamia convergens, Micraspis discolor, Scymnus nebulosus, Sticholotis sp. were identified as predators of aphid. Among them, Micraspis discolor was most abundant predator. Biology and bio-control potential of M. discolor was studied in laboratory condition on bean infesting aphid (Aphis fabae). The maximum predation was 102±1.83 observed in 4th instar larvae of M. discolor. Along with biological study, phylogenetic relationship of ladybird beetles was constructed based on mitochondrial COI gene. Out of nine identified coccinellids, five species showed more conserve region than the rest in alignment. The interspecific genetic distance ranges for nine beetles were very low (0.15-0.24). Higher interspecific genetic diversity recorded for H. axyridis. The phylogenetic tree was created and analyzed using both Neighbour Joining and Maximum likelihood methods to define the origin and evolutionary relationships of the species. Molecular analysis demonstrated that evolution of these species has been occurred from a common ancestor. Such study of ladybird beetles would be helpful in biological control program of aphid pest. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 408-416
Barriers to Career Progression: A Study of the Perceptions of Nepali Women Employees
Authors: Adhikary Jyoti Regmi 
Published: September 2016

Recent decades have witnessed unprecedented changes in workforce composition, resulting in women’s increased involvement in the labor force. However, the proportion of women employees vary significantly within various organizational levels, with more women confined to junior level positions within organizations. This study, conducted in two phases, explored the career progression barriers as perceived by Nepali women employees to develop a set of 22-items questionnaire which was then used to examine how 114 women employees perceived those barriers in their career in management. Effort was also made to find if the perceived barriers were specific to any sub-group (position, job responsibility, and/or organization type). Findings of the study revealed that societal-related barrier was most prominent within which marriage during prime of career significantly hampered the career development of Nepali women employees. Further analysis indicated that the perceived barriers were not specific to any sub-group. These results have implications for organizations to improve policies and facilities in order to promote women’s career progression. Limitations of the study are identified and suggestions for future results are discussed.Journal of Business and Management Research, Vol. 1 (2), 2016, pp. 17-32
A MEGACAM SURVEY OF OUTER HALO SATELLITES. VI. THE SPATIALLY RESOLVED STAR-FORMATION HISTORY OF THE CARINA DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXY*
Authors: Santana Felipe A. , Muñoz Ricardo R. , Boer T. J. L. de , Simon Joshua D. , Geha Marla , Côté Patrick , Guzmán Andrés E. , Stetson Peter , Djorgovski S. G. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
We present the spatially resolved star-formation history (SFH) of the Carina dwarf spheroidal galaxy, obtained from deep, wide-field g and r imaging and a metallicity distribution from the literature. Our photometry covers ∼2 deg2, reaching up to ∼10 times the half-light radius of Carina with a completeness higher than 50% at g ∼ 24.5, more than one magnitude fainter than the oldest turnoff. This is the first time a combination of depth and coverage of this quality has been used to derive the SFH of Carina, enabling us to trace its different populations with unprecedented accuracy. We find that Carina’s SFH consists of two episodes well separated by a star-formation temporal gap. These episodes occurred at old (

Gyr) and intermediate (2–8 Gyr) ages. Our measurements show that the old episode comprises the majority of the population, accounting for 54 ± 5% of the stellar mass within 1.3 times the King tidal radius, while the total stellar mass derived for Carina is

, and the stellar mass-to-light ratio is 1.8 ± 0.2. The SFH derived is consistent with no recent star formation, which hints that the observed blue plume is due to blue stragglers. We conclude that the SFH of Carina evolved independently of the tidal field of the Milky Way, since the frequency and duration of its star-formation events do not correlate with its orbital parameters. This result is supported by the age–metallicity relation observed in Carina and the gradients calculated indicating that outer regions are older and more metal-poor.
ELECTRICALLY CHARGED MATTER IN PERMANENT ROTATION AROUND MAGNETIZED BLACK HOLES: A TOY MODEL FOR SELF-GRAVITATING FLUID TORI
Authors: Trova A. , Karas V. , Slaný P. , Kovář J. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
We present an analytical approach for the equilibrium of a self-gravitating charged fluid embedded in a spherical gravitational and dipolar magnetic fields produced by a central mass. Our scheme is proposed, as a toy model, in the context of gaseous/dusty tori surrounding supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei. While the central black hole dominates the gravitational field and remains electrically neutral, the surrounding material has a non-negligible self-gravitational effect on the torus structure. By charging mechanisms it also acquires non-zero electric charge density, so the two influences need to be taken into account to achieve a self-consistent picture. Using our approach we discuss the impact of self-gravity, represented by the term

(ratio of the torus total mass to the mass of the central body), on the conditions for existence of the equilibrium and the morphology and typology of the tori. By comparison with a previous work without self-gravity, we show that the conditions can be different. Although the main aim of the present paper is to discuss a framework for the classification of electrically charged, magnetized, self-gravitating tori, we also mention potential astrophysical applications to vertically stratified fluid configurations.
THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENT ON THE CHEMICAL EVOLUTION IN LOW-MASS GALAXIES
Authors: Liu Yiqing , Ho Luis C. , Peng Eric 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
The mean alpha-to-iron abundance ratio ([α/Fe]) of galaxies is sensitive to the chemical evolution processes at early time, and it is an indicator of star formation timescale (

). Although the physical reason remains ambiguous, there is a tight relation between [α/Fe] and stellar velocity dispersion (σ) among massive early-type galaxies (ETGs). However, no work has shown convincing results as to how this relation behaves at low masses. We assemble 15 data sets from the literature and build a large sample that includes 192 nearby low-mass (

km s−1) ETGs. We find that the [α/Fe]–σ relation generally holds for low-mass ETGs, except in extreme environments. Specifically, in normal galaxy cluster environments, the [α/Fe]–σ relation and its intrinsic scatter are, within uncertainties, similar for low-mass and high-mass ETGs. However, in the most massive relaxed galaxy cluster in our sample, the zero point of the relation is higher and the intrinsic scatter is significantly larger. By contrast, in galaxy groups the zero point of the relation offsets in the opposite direction, again with substantial intrinsic scatter. The elevated [α/Fe] of low-mass ETGs in the densest environments suggests that their star formation was quenched earlier. For the low-mass ETGs in the lowest-density environments, we suggest that their more extended star formation histories suppressed their average [α/Fe]. The large scatter in [α/Fe] may reflect stochasticity in the chemical evolution of low-mass galaxies.
Anxiety, Nursing Students, and Simulation: State of the Science
Authors: Shearer Jennifer N. 
Published: September 2016

Background:
The purpose of this state-of-the-science article is to review the existing literature on the effect of anxiety on nursing students' simulation experience and to identify gaps for future research.

Method:
A comprehensive literature review to determine the state of the science focused on anxiety, nursing students, and simulation in peer-reviewed journal articles and dissertations. The review led to a critical appraisal of 10 articles that met the inclusion criteria.

Results:
Three clear themes emerged from the review: (a) The Unknown, (b) Critique by Peers and Faculty, and (c) The Experience of Making Mistakes. In addition to these themes, knowledge gaps were identified.

Conclusion:

Research is needed to develop interventions to effectively decrease student anxiety during simulation and to develop best practices for student preparation. [
J Nurs Educ.
2016;55(10):551–554.]
Shifts in Attitudes, Knowledge, and Social Goals in Nursing Students Following Structured Contact With Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Redfield Carol S. , McGuire Adam P. , Lin Ting-Chun , Orton Valorie J. , Aust Melissa , Erickson Thane M. 
Published: September 2016

Background:
Traditional nursing pedagogies have not systematically addressed the ageist perspectives students bring into training that threaten competent care for older adults. The current study evaluated nursing students' shifts in attitudes, knowledge about aging, and social goals during a program of repeated and structured social interactions with community-dwelling older adults.

Method:
Beginning nursing students in pairs met with high-functioning older adults four times over 8 months to provide brief health promotion activities. Students' knowledge and attitudes on aging were assessed at baseline and prior to each visit; social goals were assessed after each visit.

Results:
Multilevel growth curves revealed increases in students' knowledge about aging and positive views on caring for older adults. Motivation to help older adults (i.e., compassionate goals) did not change, but students' motivation to defend their competence (i.e., self-image goals) declined.

Conclusion:

A relational contact-based program may shift knowledge, attitudes, and social goals in nursing students, complementing traditional classroom nursing education. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2016;55(10):569–573.]
Policy-Focused Service-Learning as a Capstone: Teaching Essentials of Baccalaureate Nursing Education
Authors: O'Neill Moira 
Published: September 2016

Background:The advancing accountability of nurses and nurse educators requires students to develop knowledge, skills, and judgment on a continuum of focus from individual patients to the broader context of care.Method:A dynamic capstone policy course was developed by applying the American Association of Colleges of Nursing'sEssentials of Baccalaureate Education for Professional Nursing Practiceand capitalizing on related benefits of service-learning pedagogy. It shifts the approach from an intangible didactic lecture on policy and institutional structures to hands-on experiences in actual policy environment and patient health intersections. Acting as nurse consultants, students help clients address a system-based problem. Reflective assignments reinforce student learning as they take cumulative inventory of baccalaureate accomplishments.Results:Competencies in professionalism, teamwork and collaboration, communication, problem solving, and quality assurance are assessed. Students have engaged at sophisticated levels of practice and advocacy.Conclusion:Situating capstone service-learning in a nursing policy course appears to sensitize students to perspectives of all ecological levels and desensitizes their discomfort in the policy arena. Implications for research include identifying and implementing measures of success in program outcomes. [J Nurs Educ. 2016;55(10):583–586.]
Comparison of Pediatric and Adult Ophthalmology Consultations in an Urban Academic Medical Center
Authors: Patel Sejal H. , Park Sunju , Rosenberg Jamie B. 
Published: September 2016

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to compare pediatric and adult ophthalmology consultations in an urban academic center.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review of patients evaluated by the ophthalmology consultation service from January through June 2014 was conducted.

Results:

A total of 751 inpatients and emergency department patients were evaluated by the ophthalmology consultation service, of whom 152 (20.4%) were children and 598 (79.6%) were adults. The emergency department requested most of these consultations (42.8%), followed by internal medicine (39.1%) and pediatrics (18.4%) inpatients. More adult patients (94.5%) than children (76.5%) had abnormal findings on examination (
P
< .001). Altering management was recommended at a similar rate: 51.6% of pediatric patients and 54.3% of adult patients (
P
= .59). All children were initially seen by residents; children (38.6%) were more likely than adults (9.0%) to be seen with an attending physician (
P
< .001). Children (54.9%) were also more likely than adults (42.7%) to attend their recommended outpatient appointments (
P
= .027).

Conclusions:
The authors identified several interesting differences between the pediatric and adult consultation services. Although adult patients were more likely to have abnormal findings, the ophthalmology team recommended a change in management for more than half of each group. These rates of intervention suggest that it is equally important that children be considered for an ophthalmology consultation and examined as soon as possible. In addition, residents may need particular guidance in evaluating pediatric inpatients.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabimus
. 2017;54(1):17–21.]