bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Accelerated Aging on the Color Stability of Dental Zirconia
Authors: Volpato Cláudıa Ângela Mazıero , Cesar Paulo Francısco , Bottıno Marco Antônıo 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study evaluated the influence of different aging times on the color stability of zirconia that is either veneered or not by ceramic.Materials and MethodsFifteen zirconia disks (3Y‐TZP) were produced (12.0 mm in diameter and 1.0 mm‐thick). Five disks (G1) did not receive veneering ceramic layer; 5 disks (G2) were veneered with 1.0 mm a ceramic layer and the other 5 disks (G3) were veneered with layer of 1.5 mm. The L*a*b* coordinates (T1) were measured with a spectrophotometer. The disks were subjected to an accelerated aging protocol for 1 hour (T2), 2 hours (T3) and 4 hours (T4). Measurements were made after each aging time. Differences in color (ΔE00), lightness (ΔL′), chroma (ΔC′), and hue (ΔH′) were calculated by CIEDE2000 color difference formula among standard‐averages, aging times and thickness tested. For ΔE00, one‐way ANOVA was performed for the G1 and two‐way ANOVA for G2 and G3. Repeated measures ANOVA was performed for ΔL′, ΔC′, and ΔH′. Multiple comparisons were performed using Tukey's test (α = 0.05).ResultsFor G1, statistical differences were found for lightness (ΔL′), chroma (ΔC′), and hue differences (ΔH′) (p = 0.0001), highlighting the major in chroma differences (ΔC′). Discrete color differences (ΔE00) were observed (0.95ΔE00) especially after 4 hours of aging (T4). For G2 and G3, statistical differences for ΔL′, ΔC′, and ΔH′ were found as a function of the thickness of the ceramic coating (p < 0.0001) and aging time (p = 0.02).ConclusionsWhen 3Y‐TZP was subjected to aging, discrete color differences were present. With exception of the G2, the color difference was less than 1.25ΔE00, demonstrating that the zirconia maintained its colorimetric properties after aging protocol.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEAfter prolonged aging, discrete color changes can occur in zirconia, particularly when it is contact with the oral environment, as is the case of abutments and monolithic crowns. Thus, clinical and laboratory care should be taken to maintain surface integrity of zirconia, minimizing aging. (J Esthet Restor Dent 28:304–312, 2016)
Biochemical Quality Changes During Iced Storage of Indian Octopus (Cistopus indicus)
Authors: Manimaran Uthaman , Jeya Shakila Robinson , Sivaraman Balasubramannian , Shalini Rajendran , Jeyasekaran Geevaretnam , Shanmugam S.A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIndian octopus (Cistopus indicus), in whole, gutted and deskinned forms were analyzed for the changes in biochemical quality characteristics during storage in contact and noncontact with ice. Whole and gutted octopus held in contact with ice was sensorially acceptable for 7 and 9 days, respectively. Deskinned octopus was of good quality until day 12, due to sharp decline in autolytic activity on day 3 itself. Non protein nitrogen (NPN) and α‐amino nitrogen (α‐AN) decreased several folds during storage. Water soluble ammoniacal nitrogen (WSAN) increased exponentially during storage and it correlated well with the sensory characteristics. Total volatile base nitrogen (TVB‐N) increased during storage but did not reach the maximum EU permissible limit. Deskinned octopus chilled in contact with ice had comparatively high α‐AN, but low WSAN and TVB‐N than whole and gutted octopus. Hence, the shelf life of octopus can be improved by gutting and deskinning followed by chilling in contact with ice.Practical ApplicationsNow‐a‐days the processing industry faces severe problems due to the rapid spoilage and off‐odor development of chilled and frozen octopus, which has led to frequent rejection of commodities by the importing countries. This study indicated that water soluble ammoniacal nitrogen could serve as a good biochemical index to assess the spoilage status of the chilled octopus processed in different forms. It was also found that deskinning of octopus increased the shelf life of octopus and reduced spoilage significantly.
Agronomic Qualitative Viability of Spent Pleurotus Substrate and its Mixture with Wheat Bran and a Commercial Supplement
Authors: Picornell‐Buendía María Raquel , Pardo‐Giménez Arturo , De Juan‐Valero José Arturo 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn this study the agronomic viability of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm., is studied by reusing the spent substrates previously used in crops of the same mushrooms. After the physical and chemical characterization of the substrates, we have evaluated the qualitative production parameters in one growing season. As base material, the experiment was arranged with wheat straw (WS) and spent Pleurotus substrate (SPS) to generate prepared substrates, alone and mixed with different proportions of wheat bran (WB) and the commercial supplement Calprozime®. With the substrates supplemented with 300 g of WB + 120 g Calprozime®, we obtained generally higher ash (8.43%) and protein contents (24.75%) in the mushrooms. These substrates also achieved acceptable breaking strength values (Bs) (182.25 N) and compression energy (CE) (944.63 mJ) in the harvested mushrooms. In turn, these substrates promote lightness (60.31) and yellow‐blue (b*) (12.93) chromaticity of the harvested mushrooms. Consequently, these composts degraded by Pleurotus ostreatus formulations could be a low cost substrate, selective and balanced nutrient for the growth and development of the oyster mushrooms.Practical ApplicationsSubstrates supplemented with 300 g of wheat bran (WB) + 120 g Calprozime® could be integrated through new formulations and methodologies while lowering production costs and reducing the environmental impact of unusual waste. Spent Pleurotus substrate (SPS) is considered to be environmentally unfriendly, undesirable, and presents a solid waste disposal problem for mushroom growers. If SPS could be easily available at a low cost it could be integrated into new formulations and methodologies, diminish the environmental impact of the waste produced during mushroom cultivation, limit the grower's dependence on straw, and decrease the environmental impact of its overgrowing accumulation.
Comparison of menstrual disorders in hospital nursing staff according to shift work pattern
Authors: Albert‐Sabater Josep Amílcar , Martínez José Miguel , Baste Valborg , Moen Bente E. , Ronda‐Perez Elena 
Published: August 2016

Aim and objectiveTo assess the association between work in a rotating shift schedule and menstruation characteristics among nurse staff in a prospective study.BackgroundRotating shifts have been linked to alterations in the reproductive cycle. In the case of menstrual alterations, the conclusions are not clear.DesignProspective epidemiological study with follow‐up over four months.MethodAll the female nurse staff (<40 years) in a hospital were interviewed, collecting sociodemographic and employment information. They were given a menstrual diary to keep a record of their shifts and characteristics of their menstruation (duration, amount of blood, dysmenorrhoea). They had two types of shifts: (1) Rotating shift schedule (two mornings, two afternoons, one night and two days off) including morning shifts (8:00–15:00), afternoon/evening shifts (15:00–22:00) and night shifts (22:00–8:00), and (2) Day shift schedule including morning shifts (8:00–15:00) and/or afternoon/evening shifts (15:00–22:00). The crude and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were calculated using logistic generalised estimating equations (GEE) taking into account the correlations of multiple cycles per worker.ResultsOne hundred and thirteen workers on the rotating shift and 75 on the day shift participated, and information from 730 menstrual cycles were obtained. There were no differences in prolonged duration, dysmenorrhoea, prolonged duration dysmenorrhoea and excessive bleeding among nurses on rotating shift compared to those on the day shift. For prolonged duration of menstruation, workers with more than five years on the rotating shift showed a slightly lower (nonsignificant) risk compared with those with <5 years.ConclusionsNurse staff on the rotating shift did not show increased risk of having menstrual disorders comparing with day staff.Relevance to clinical practiceShifts with short rotation cycles and a progressive sequence do not appear to cause menstrual disorders in nurse staff who work rotating shifts.
The Combined Effect of Enterprise Risk Management and Diversification on Property and Casualty Insurer Performance
Authors: Ai Jing , Bajtelsmit Vickie , Wang Tianyang 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn a well‐designed enterprise risk management (ERM) program, the firm integrates risk management into the strategic planning process, addressing strategic, financial, operational, and hazard risks under a single overarching process. This is particularly important to large financial firms, such as property and casualty (P&C) insurers, which face a diverse set of risks. Using a sample of P&C insurers with S&P ERM quality ratings from 2006 to 2013, we find that the quality of a firm's ERM is a significant determinant of P&C insurer performance and that, for firms with high‐quality ERM programs, product line diversification has a significant positive effect on performance.
Health Beliefs and Breast Cancer Screening in Rural Appalachia: An Evaluation of the Health Belief Model
Authors: VanDyke Santana D. , Shell Madelynn D. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPurposeThis study explored the role of the Health Belief Model in predicting breast cancer screening among women in rural Appalachia. Health beliefs (perceived susceptibility to breast cancer, severity of breast cancer, and benefits and barriers to screening) were used to predict health behavior (mammogram frequency).MethodA total of 170 women aged 18‐78 were recruited at a free health clinic in central Appalachia. Women completed surveys that assessed demographic characteristics, mammogram frequency, and perceived susceptibility, severity, and benefits and barriers to mammography.FindingsConsistent with expectations, women with objectively elevated risks for breast cancer (history of abnormal mammograms or family history of breast cancer) perceived themselves to be at higher risk for breast cancer, and those with a history of abnormal mammograms were more likely to receive mammograms regularly. In addition, older women expected their prognosis to be marginally poorer following a diagnosis, perceived greater benefits and fewer barriers to mammography, and were significantly more likely to receive mammograms regularly. Consistent with the Health Belief Model, fewer perceived barriers to mammography predicted greater mammogram frequency. However, the model was not fully supported because perceived susceptibility, severity, and benefits to mammography did not predict mammogram frequency.ConclusionsResults highlight the importance of reducing real and perceived barriers to screening in order to improve mammography rates among rural populations.
Trajectories of sleep problems from childhood to adolescence: a population‐based longitudinal study from Norway
Authors: Sivertsen Børge , Harvey Allison G. , Pallesen Ståle , Hysing Mari 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThe aim of the current study was to assess the development and stability of sleep problems from childhood to late adolescence. This was a longitudinal cohort study of 2026 children, who completed three comprehensive health surveys, at age 7–9, 11–13 and 16–19 years. Data on difficulties with initiating and/or maintaining sleep (DIMS: assessed using a single item) and time in bed (TIB) were collected at all three waves, while insomnia assessed in line with the DSM‐5 criteria and sleep duration were also assessed in the last wave. Negative binomial regression analyses were used to examine prospective associations. Sleep problems in 7–9‐year‐old children were found to persist into late adolescence for approximately one‐third of the participants, both with regard to DIMS and short TIB. Children having chronic DIMS at the first two waves had nearly twice the risk of fulfilling the DSM‐5 criteria later for insomnia in late adolescence [adjusted relative risk RR: 1.91]. Short TIB at age 11–13 was also associated with increased risk of subsequent short sleep duration (adjusted RR: 1.32) and TIB (adjusted RR: 1.40). These findings have important implications for practitioners and families. Although the majority of children will outgrow their problems once they reach late adolescence, the results also demonstrate that sleep problems are likely to become chronic for one in every third child with a sleep problem early in life. Given the many negative consequences of insomnia in adulthood, these findings call for increased awareness of childhood sleep problems as a public health concern.
Acute Sinus Node Dysfunction after Atrial Ablation: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Management
Authors: KILLU AMMAR M. , FENDER ERIN A. , DESHMUKH ABHISHEK J. , MUNGER THOMAS M. , ARAOZ PHILIP , BRADY PETER A. , CHA YONG‐MEI , PACKER DOUGLAS L. , FRIEDMAN PAUL A. , ASIRVATHAM SAMUEL J. , NOSEWORTHY PETER A. , MULPURU SIVA K. 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundMany patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) or atrial flutter (Aflutter) have concomitant sinus node dysfunction (SND). Ablation may result in injury to the sinus node complex or its blood supply resulting in sinus arrest and need for temporary pacing. We sought to characterize patients who develop acute SND (ASND) during/immediately after AF/Aflutter ablation.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of AF/Aflutter ablation patients between January 1, 2010 and February 28, 2015 to characterize those who required temporary pacemaker (TPM) implantation due to ASND (sinus arrest, sinus bradycardia <40 beats/min, or junctional rhythm with hemodynamic compromise) following atrial ablation.ResultsOf 2,151 patients, eight patients (<0.5%) with ASND manifesting as sinus arrest (n = 2), severe sinus bradycardia (n = 2), and junctional rhythm with hemodynamic compromise (n = 4) were identified (all male, age 66 ± 9.9 years, 4/8 [50%] persistent AF). AF ablation was performed in four, atypical Aflutter in one, and AF/Aflutter in three patients. The ablation set consisted of: pulmonary vein (PV) isolation (n = 6), roof line ablation (n = 6), mitral annulus‐left inferior PV line ablation (n = 5), left atrial appendage‐mitral annulus ablation (n = 1), cavotricuspid isthmus ablation (n = 5), and isolation or ablation near the superior vena cava (SVC, n = 4). Patients with peri‐SVC ablation were more likely to develop ASND (P = 0.03). All patients received TPM; six received permanent pacemaker before discharge, performed 3.5 days postablation (range 2–6 days). At 3‐month device interrogation, all patients were atrially paced >50%.ConclusionASND is a rare complication of atrial ablation. It may be more common when peri‐SVC ablation is performed and may necessitate permanent pacemaker implantation.
Multiple‐line cross QTL mapping for grain yield and thousand kernel weight in triticale
Authors: Liu Wenxin , Leiser Willmar L. , Reif Jochen C. , Tucker Matthew R. , Losert Dominik , Weissmann Sigrid , Hahn Volker , Maurer Hans Peter , Würschum Tobias 
Published: August 2016

AbstractGrain yield and its component trait thousand kernel weight are important traits in triticale breeding programmes. Here, we used a large mapping population of 647 doubled haploid lines derived from four families to dissect the genetic architecture underlying grain yield and thousand kernel weight by multiple‐line cross QTL mapping. We identified 3 QTL for grain yield and 13 for thousand kernel weight which cross‐validated explained 5.2% and 48.2% of the genotypic variance, respectively. Both traits showed a positive phenotypic correlation, and we found two QTL overlapping between them. Full two‐dimensional epistasis scans revealed epistatic QTL for both traits, suggesting that epistatic interactions contribute to their genetic architecture. Based on QTL identified in our results, we conclude that the potential for marker‐assisted selection is limited for grain yield but more promising for thousand kernel weight.
Proteomic maps of subcellular protein fractions of the Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri, the vector of citrus huanglongbing
Authors: Lu Zhanjun , Hu Hao , Killiny Nabil 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) is an insect vector that transmits the bacterial pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) associated with the destructive citrus disease, citrus huanglongbing (HLB). Currently, D. citri is the major target in HLB management, although insecticidal control and disruption of the D. citri–CLas interactions both face numerous challenges. The present study reports the subcellular proteomic profiles of D. citri, encompassing the three main subcellular protein fractions: cytosol, mitochondria and microsomes. After optimization, subcellular proteins of both high and low abundance are obtained by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis (2‐DE). A total of 1170 spots are detected in the 2‐DE gels of the three subcellular fractions. One hundred and sixty‐four differentially expressed proteins are successfully identified using liquid chromatography‐dual mass spectroscopy. An efficient protocol for subcellular protein fractionation from D. citri is established and a clear protein separation is achieved with the chosen protein fractionation protocol. The identified cytosolic proteins are mainly metabolic enzymes, whereas a large portion of the identified proteins in the mitochondrial and microsomal fractions are involved in ATP biosynthesis and protein metabolism, respectively. Protein–protein interaction networks are predicted for some identified proteins known to be implicated in pathogen–vector interactions, such as actin, tubulin and ATP synthase, as well as insecticide resistance, such as the cytochrome P450 superfamily. The findings should provide useful information to help identify the mechanism responsible for the CLas–D. citri interactions and eventually contribute to D. citri control.
Disinfection and Mechanistic Insights of Escherichia coli in Water by Bismuth Oxyhalide Photocatalysis
Authors: Sherman Ilana , Gerchman Yoram , Sasson Yoel , Gnayem Hani , Mamane Hadas 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis study demonstrates the potential of a new BiOCl0.875Br0.125 photocatalyst to disinfect Escherichia coli in water under simulated solar irradiation. Photocatalytic efficiency was examined for different photocatalyst loadings, solar wavelengths, exposure times, photocatalyst concentration × contact time (Ct) concept and with the use of scavengers. To elucidate the inactivation mechanism, we examined DNA damage, membrane damage, lipid peroxidation and protein release. Both photolysis and photocatalysis were negligible under visible irradiation, but enhanced photocatalytic activity was observed under solar UVA (λ > 320 nm) and UVB (λ > 280 nm), with 1.5 and 3.6 log inactivation, respectively, after 40 min of irradiation. The log inactivation vs Ct curve for E. coli by UVA/BiOCl0.875Br0.125 was fairly linear, with Ct = 10 g L−1 × min, resulting in 2 log inactivation. Photocatalytic treatment led to membrane damage, but without lipid peroxidation. Accordingly, protein was released from the cells after UVA or UVA/BiOCl0.875Br0.125 treatment. Photocatalysis also increased endonuclease‐sensitive sites vs photolysis alone, by an unknown mechanism. Finally, E. coli inactivation was not influenced by the addition of tert‐butanol or l‐histidine, implying that neither hydroxyl radicals nor singlet oxygen reactive species are involved in the inactivation process.
Biting Back at Malaria: Assessing Health‐service Providers' Compliance with Treatment Guidelines
Authors: Paloyo Alfredo , Reichert Arndt 
Published: August 2016

AbstractNon‐compliance with established medical treatment guidelines can have dire consequences for public health and economic well‐being. Based on the Demographic and Health Surveys, we examine malaria‐treatment practices of various health‐care providers in sub‐Saharan Africa, where more than 90% of malaria‐induced deaths occur. We estimate each provider's likelihood (i) to comply with guidelines to administer (effective) antimalarial drugs and (ii) to relieve children of fever—a symptom of malaria—after having had a fever episode within the previous two weeks. Our results indicate that, relative to self‐medication, seeking treatment at most providers is positively associated with taking an antimalarial drug and negatively associated with using only ineffective chloroquine. Non‐traditional healers are also associated with fever relief.
Dynamic chromatin changes associated with de novo centromere formation in maize euchromatin
Authors: Su Handong , Liu Yalin , Liu Yong‐Xin , Lv Zhenling , Li Hongyao , Xie Shaojun , Gao Zhi , Pang Junling , Wang Xiu‐Jie , Lai Jinsheng , Birchler James A. , Han Fangpu 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThe inheritance and function of centromeres are not strictly dependent on any specific DNA sequence, but involve an epigenetic component in most species. CENH3, a centromere histone H3 variant, is one of the best‐described epigenetic factors in centromere identity, but the chromatin features required during centromere formation have not yet been revealed. We previously identified two de novo centromeres on Zea mays (maize) minichromosomes derived from euchromatic sites with high‐density gene distributions but low‐density transposon distributions. The distribution of gene location and gene expression in these sites indicates that transcriptionally active regions can initiate de novo centromere formation, and CENH3 seeding shows a preference for gene‐free regions or regions with no gene expression. The locations of the expressed genes detected were at relatively hypomethylated loci, and the altered gene expression resulted from de novo centromere formation, but not from the additional copy of the minichromosome. The initial overall DNA methylation level of the two de novo regions was at a low level, but increased substantially to that of native centromeres after centromere formation. These results illustrate the dynamic chromatin changes during euchromatin‐originated de novo centromere formation, which provides insight into the mechanism of de novo centromere formation and regulation of subsequent consequences.