bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ability–motivation–opportunity enhancing human resource practices and firm performance: Evidence from India
Authors: Kundu Subhash C. , Gahlawat Neha 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis study investigates the diverse performance outcomes related to the bundles/components of high-performance work systems on the basis of ability–motivation–opportunity model. Using the primary data from 563 employees of 204 firms operating in India (collected during the time period between March, 2012 and January, 2013), the study has indicated that employees’ perceptions regarding the applicability of ability-enhancing, motivation-enhancing, and opportunity-enhancing human resource practices result in enhanced affective commitment and superior firm performance. The results have revealed that affective commitment fully mediates the relationship of opportunity-enhancing human resource practices with firm performance and partially mediates the relationships of ability-enhancing and motivation-enhancing human resource practices with firm performance. The study contributes in unlocking the ‘black box’ related to the high-performance work systems and firm performance relationship by stressing upon the importance of affective commitment as a mediator. Managerial implications and directions for future research are also discussed.
Nutrient intakes and iron and vitamin D status differ depending on main milk consumed by UK children aged 12–18 months – secondary analysis from the Diet and Nutrition Survey of Infants and Young Children
Authors: Sidnell Anne , Pigat Sandrine , Gibson Sigrid , O'Connor Rosalyn , Connolly Aileen , Sterecka Sylwia , Stephen Alison M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractNutrition in the second year is important as this is a period of rapid growth and development. Milk is a major food for young children and this analysis evaluated the impact of the type of milk consumed on nutrient intakes and nutritional status. Data from the Diet and Nutrition Survey of Infants and Young Children were used to investigate the intakes of key nutrients, and Fe and vitamin D status, of children aged 12–18 months, not breastfed, and consuming >400 g/d fortified milk (n 139) or >400 g/d of whole cows’ milk (n 404). Blood samples from eligible children for measurement of Hb (n 113), serum ferritin and plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations (n 105) were available for approximately 20 % of children. Unpaired Mann–Whitney tests were used to compare nutrient intakes and status between consumers of fortified and cows’ milk. Mean daily total dietary intakes of Fe, Zn, vitamin A and vitamin D were significantly higher in the fortified milk group. Mean daily total dietary intakes of energy, protein, Ca, iodine, Na and saturated fat were significantly higher in the cows’ milk group. Hb was not different between groups. The fortified milk group had significantly higher serum ferritin (P = 0·049) and plasma 25(OH)D (P = 0·014). This analysis demonstrates significantly different nutrient intakes and status between infants consuming >400 g/d fortified milk v. those consuming >400 g/d whole cows’ milk. These results indicate that fortified milks can play a significant role in improving the quality of young children's diets in their second year of life.
Similarities between obesity in pets and children: the addiction model
Authors: Pretlow Robert A. , Corbee Ronald J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObesity in pets is a frustrating, major health problem. Obesity in human children is similar. Prevailing theories accounting for the rising obesity rates – for example, poor nutrition and sedentary activity – are being challenged. Obesity interventions in both pets and children have produced modest short-term but poor long-term results. New strategies are needed. A novel theory posits that obesity in pets and children is due to ‘treats’ and excessive meal amounts given by the ‘pet–parent’ and child–parent to obtain affection from the pet/child, which enables ‘eating addiction’ in the pet/child and results in parental ‘co-dependence’. Pet–parents and child–parents may even become hostage to the treats/food to avoid the ire of the pet/child. Eating addiction in the pet/child also may be brought about by emotional factors such as stress, independent of parental co-dependence. An applicable treatment for child obesity has been trialled using classic addiction withdrawal/abstinence techniques, as well as behavioural addiction methods, with significant results. Both the child and the parent progress through withdrawal from specific ‘problem foods’, next from snacking (non-specific foods) and finally from excessive portions at meals (gradual reductions). This approach should adapt well for pets and pet–parents. Pet obesity is more ‘pure’ than child obesity, in that contributing factors and treatment points are essentially under the control of the pet–parent. Pet obesity might thus serve as an ideal test bed for the treatment and prevention of child obesity, with focus primarily on parental behaviours. Sharing information between the fields of pet and child obesity would be mutually beneficial.
Dietary whey reduces energy intake and alters hypothalamic gene expression in obese phyto-oestrogen-deprived male rats
Authors: Andreoli María F. , Stoker Cora , Lazzarino Gisela P. , Canesini Guillermina , Luque Enrique H. , Ramos Jorge G. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractRemoving dietary phyto-oestrogens in adult male rats causes obesity and diabetes. As whey proteins have been reported to reduce food intake and improve glucose homoeostasis, we investigated whether they could attenuate susceptibility to obesity and diabetes due to phyto-oestrogen deprivation. To this end, thirty male Wistar rats were fed a high-phyto-oestrogen (HP) or a phyto-oestrogen-free (PF) diet for 10 weeks; six rats from each group were killed. The remaining HP animals (six animals) continued receiving the HP diet for 6 weeks. The remaining PF rats (twelve rats) were divided in two groups: one was given the PF diet and the other a variation of the PF diet plus whey protein (PF-W). Body weight, food intake and adipose tissue weights were recorded. Hypothalamic mRNA expressions of orexigenic (neuropeptide Y, agouti-related protein (AgRP)) and anorexigenic (pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), cocaine-amphetamine-related transcript (CART)) neuropeptides were quantified by real-time PCR. Serum glucose, insulin and total thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone, testosterone and oestradiol were assessed. After 10 weeks of PF diet, increased body weight, adiposity and energy intake, with up-regulation of AgRP and down-regulation of POMC', were observed. Longer treatment exacerbated these results, increased total T4 levels, reduced oestradiol levels and impaired glucose homoeostasis. PF-W reduced energy intake and increased POMC expression; however, body weight and adiposity remained unchanged. PF-W could not prevent the hormonal changes or the high circulating glucose levels induced by phyto-oestrogen deprivation, but reduced fasting insulin. These data demonstrate that, although 6 weeks of whey administration could not prevent obesity in phyto-oestrogen-deprived rats, the reduction in energy intake and circulating insulin could be beneficial with longer treatments.
Modelling role of basement block rotation and strike-slip faulting on structural pattern in cover units of fold-and-thrust belts
Authors: KOYI HEMIN , NILFOUROUSHAN FARAMARZ , HESSAMI KHALED 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA series of scaled analogue models are used to study (de)coupling between basement and cover deformation. Rigid basal blocks were rotated about a vertical axis in a ‘bookshelf’ fashion, which caused strike-slip faulting along the blocks and in the overlying cover units of loose sand. Three different combinations of cover–basement deformations are modelled: (i) cover shortening before basement fault movement; (ii) basement fault movement before cover shortening; and (iii) simultaneous cover shortening with basement fault movement. Results show that the effect of the basement faults depends on the timing of their reactivation. Pre- and syn-orogenic basement fault movements have a significant impact on the structural pattern of the cover units, whereas post-orogenic basement fault movement has less influence on the thickened hinterland of the overlying belt. The interaction of basement faulting and cover shortening results in the formation of rhombic structures. In models with pre- and syn-orogenic basement strike-slip faults, rhombic blocks develop as a result of shortening of the overlying cover during basement faulting. These rhombic blocks are similar in appearance to flower structures, but are different in kinematics, genesis and structural extent. We compare these model results to both the Zagros fold-and-thrust belt in southwestern Iran and the Alborz Mountains in northern Iran. Based on the model results, we conclude that the traces of basement faults in cover units rotate and migrate towards the foreland during regional shortening. As such, these traces do not necessarily indicate the actual location or orientation of the basement faults which created them.
Workers’ Politics, the Communist Challenge, and the Schuman Plan: A Comparative History of the French Socialist and German Social Democratic Parties and the First Treaty for European Integration
Authors: Shaev Brian 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe Schuman Plan to “pool” the coal and steel industries of Western Europe has been widely celebrated as the founding document of today’s European Union. An expansive historiography has developed around the plan but labor and workers are largely absent from existing accounts, even though the sectors targeted for integration, coal and steel, are traditionally understood as centers of working-class militancy and union activity in Europe. Existing literature generally considers the role coal and steel industries played as objects of the Schuman Plan negotiations but this article reverses this approach. It examines instead how labor politics in the French Nord and Pas-de-Calais and the German Ruhr, core industrial regions, influenced the positions adopted by two prominent political parties, the French Socialist and German Social Democratic parties, on the integration of European heavy industry. The empirical material combines archival research in party and national archives with findings from regional histories of the Nord/Pas-de-Calais, the Ruhr, and their local socialist party chapters, as well as from historical and sociological research on miners and industrial workers. The article analyses how intense battles between socialists and communists for the allegiance of coal and steel workers shaped the political culture of these regions after the war and culminated during a mass wave of strikes in 1947–1948. The divergent political outcomes of these battles in the Nord/Pas-de-Calais and the Ruhr, this article contends, strongly contributed to the decisions of the French Socialist Party to support and the German Social Democratic Party to oppose the Schuman Plan in 1950.
Understanding Portfolio Efficiency with Conditioning Information
Authors: Peñaranda Francisco 
Published: July 2016

AbstractI develop two new types of portfolio efficiency when returns are predictable. The first type maximizes the unconditional Sharpe ratio of excess returns and differs from unconditional efficiency unless the safe asset return is constant over time. The second type maximizes conditional mean-variance preferences and differs from unconditional efficiency unless, additionally, the maximum conditional Sharpe ratio is constant. Using stock data, I quantify and test their performance differences with respect to unconditionally and fixed-weight efficient returns. I also show the relevance of the two new portfolio strategies to test conditional asset pricing models.
Psychotropic drug prescriptions in Western European nursing homes
Authors: Janus Sarah I. M. , van Manen Jeannette G. , IJzerman Maarten J. , Zuidema Sytse U. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTBackground:Despite the numerous warnings of European and national drug agencies as well as clinical guidelines since the year 2004, psychotropic drugs are still frequently used in dementia. A systematic review comparing the use of psychotropic drugs in nursing homes from different European countries is lacking.Objective:The aim of this study was to examine prescription rates of psychotropic drug use in nursing home patients between different Western European countries since the first warnings were published.Methods:A literature review was performed and the various psychotropic prescribing rates in European nursing homes were investigated. The prescription rates of antipsychotic and antidepressants were pooled per country. Other classes of psychotropic drugs could not be pooled because of the limited number of studies found.Results:Thirty-seven studies on antipsychotic drug use and 27 studies on antidepressant drug use conducted in 12 different European countries. The antipsychotic use in nursing homes ranged from 12% to 59% and antidepressant use from 19% to 68%. The highest rates of antipsychotic drug prescription were found in Austria, Ireland, and Belgium while for antidepressants in Belgium, Sweden, and France.Conclusions:Despite warnings about the side effects and recommendation to focus on non-pharmacological interventions, antipsychotics and antidepressants are commonly used drugs in nursing homes. The data suggest that Norway does best with regards having a low antipsychotic drug usage. Studies are needed to explain the differences between Norway and other European countries.
Dosimetric comparison of treatment planning systems using collapsed cone convolution and pencil beam algorithms
Authors: Elcim Yelda , Dirican Bahar , Yavas Omer 
Published: July 2016

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study is the dosimetric verification and comparative analysis of two different treatment planning systems (TPS) using collapsed cone convolution (CCC) and pencil beam (PB) algorithms for treatment sites of head and neck, chest wall–supraclavicular region, lung and prostate.Methods and materialsTarget volumes and critical organs for treatment sites mentioned above were delineated according to relevant The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group protocols. Treatment plans were generated using 6 MV photon energy with medical linear accelerator and Thermoluminescent Dosimeter-100 dosimeters were used to perform dosimetric verification, which were placed at appropriate locations in the Alderson Rando phantom.Results and conclusionsComparative analysis of CCC and PB algorithms for treatment sites revealed that point dose measurement values were higher with the PB algorithm compared with CCC algorithm, in both head and neck and chest wall–supraclavicular region plans. The most significant difference between two algorithms were found at the supraclavicular region which includes the lung point dose within the treatment field and 7–12 mm depth from the skin, respectively. Unlike the head and neck and chest wall–supraclavicular region plans, CCC and PB algorithms show overall comparable results in lung and prostate plans in terms of point dose measurement values; however, the most prominent difference was found in 7 mm and 6 cm depth from skin, respectively. The CCC algorithm values were higher. Our study confirms that the main reason of PB algorithm calculates less absorbed dose than CCC algorithm in medium transitions, skin entrance and irregular treatment regions is the underestimation of lateral equilibrium’s contribution to the total absorbed dose.
Deconvoluting hepatic processing of carbon nanotubes
Authors: Alidori Simone , Bowman Robert L. , Yarilin Dmitry , Romin Yevgeniy , Barlas Afsar , Mulvey J. Justin , Fujisawa Sho , Xu Ke , Ruggiero Alessandro , Riabov Vladimir , Thorek Daniel L. J. , Ulmert Hans David S. , Brea Elliott J. , Behling Katja , Kzhyshkowska Julia , Manova-Todorova Katia , Scheinberg David A. , McDevitt Michael R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractSingle-wall carbon nanotubes present unique opportunities for drug delivery, but have not advanced into the clinic. Differential nanotube accretion and clearance from critical organs have been observed, but the mechanism not fully elucidated. The liver has a complex cellular composition that regulates a range of metabolic functions and coincidently accumulates most particulate drugs. Here we provide the unexpected details of hepatic processing of covalently functionalized nanotubes including receptor-mediated endocytosis, cellular trafficking and biliary elimination. Ammonium-functionalized fibrillar nanocarbon is found to preferentially localize in the fenestrated sinusoidal endothelium of the liver but not resident macrophages. Stabilin receptors mediate the endocytic clearance of nanotubes. Biocompatibility is evidenced by the absence of cell death and no immune cell infiltration. Towards clinical application of this platform, nanotubes were evaluated for the first time in non-human primates. The pharmacologic profile in cynomolgus monkeys is equivalent to what was reported in mice and suggests that nanotubes should behave similarly in humans.
Serial femtosecond crystallography datasets from G protein-coupled receptors
Authors: White Thomas A. , Barty Anton , Liu Wei , Ishchenko Andrii , Zhang Haitao , Gati Cornelius , Zatsepin Nadia A. , Basu Shibom , Oberthür Dominik , Metz Markus , Beyerlein Kenneth R. , Yoon Chun Hong , Yefanov Oleksandr M. , James Daniel , Wang Dingjie , Messerschmidt Marc , Koglin Jason E. , Boutet Sébastien , Weierstall Uwe , Cherezov Vadim 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe describe the deposition of four datasets consisting of X-ray diffraction images acquired using serial femtosecond crystallography experiments on microcrystals of human G protein-coupled receptors, grown and delivered in lipidic cubic phase, at the Linac Coherent Light Source. The receptors are: the human serotonin receptor 2B in complex with an agonist ergotamine, the human δ-opioid receptor in complex with a bi-functional peptide ligand DIPP-NH2, the human smoothened receptor in complex with an antagonist cyclopamine, and finally the human angiotensin II type 1 receptor in complex with the selective antagonist ZD7155. All four datasets have been deposited, with minimal processing, in an HDF5-based file format, which can be used directly for crystallographic processing with CrystFEL or other software. We have provided processing scripts and supporting files for recent versions of CrystFEL, which can be used to validate the data.
The trickle before the torrent—diffraction data from X-ray lasers
Authors: Maia Filipe R.N.C. , Hajdu Janos 
Published: July 2016

AbstractToday Scientific Data launched a collection of publications describing data from X-ray free-electron lasers under the theme ‘Structural Biology Applications of X-ray Lasers’. The papers cover data on nanocrystals, single virus particles, isolated cell organelles, and living cells. All data are deposited with the Coherent X-ray Imaging Data Bank (CXIDB) and available to the scientific community to develop ideas, tools and procedures to meet challenges with the expected torrents of data from new X-ray lasers, capable of producing billion exposures per day.
Single-shot diffraction data from the Mimivirus particle using an X-ray free-electron laser
Authors: Ekeberg Tomas , Svenda Martin , Seibert M. Marvin , Abergel Chantal , Maia Filipe R.N.C. , Seltzer Virginie , DePonte Daniel P. , Aquila Andrew , Andreasson Jakob , Iwan Bianca , Jönsson Olof , Westphal Daniel , Odić Duško , Andersson Inger , Barty Anton , Liang Meng , Martin Andrew V. , Gumprecht Lars , Fleckenstein Holger , Bajt Saša , Barthelmess Miriam , Coppola Nicola , Claverie Jean-Michel , Loh N. Duane , Bostedt Christoph , Bozek John D. , Krzywinski Jacek , Messerschmidt Marc , Bogan Michael J. , Hampton Christina Y. , Sierra Raymond G. , Frank Matthias , Shoeman Robert L. , Lomb Lukas , Foucar Lutz , Epp Sascha W. , Rolles Daniel , Rudenko Artem , Hartmann Robert , Hartmann Andreas , Kimmel Nils , Holl Peter , Weidenspointner Georg , Rudek Benedikt , Erk Benjamin , Kassemeyer Stephan , Schlichting Ilme , Strüder Lothar , Ullrich Joachim , Schmidt Carlo , Krasniqi Faton , Hauser Günter , Reich Christian , Soltau Heike , Schorb Sebastian , Hirsemann Helmut , Wunderer Cornelia , Graafsma Heinz , Chapman Henry , Hajdu Janos 
Published: July 2016

AbstractFree-electron lasers (FEL) hold the potential to revolutionize structural biology by producing X-ray pules short enough to outrun radiation damage, thus allowing imaging of biological samples without the limitation from radiation damage. Thus, a major part of the scientific case for the first FELs was three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of non-crystalline biological objects. In a recent publication we demonstrated the first 3D reconstruction of a biological object from an X-ray FEL using this technique. The sample was the giant Mimivirus, which is one of the largest known viruses with a diameter of 450 nm. Here we present the dataset used for this successful reconstruction. Data-analysis methods for single-particle imaging at FELs are undergoing heavy development but data collection relies on very limited time available through a highly competitive proposal process. This dataset provides experimental data to the entire community and could boost algorithm development and provide a benchmark dataset for new algorithms.
A data set from flash X-ray imaging of carboxysomes
Authors: Hantke Max F. , Hasse Dirk , Ekeberg Tomas , John Katja , Svenda Martin , Loh Duane , Martin Andrew V. , Timneanu Nicusor , Larsson Daniel S.D. , van der Schot Gijs , Carlsson Gunilla H. , Ingelman Margareta , Andreasson Jakob , Westphal Daniel , Iwan Bianca , Uetrecht Charlotte , Bielecki Johan , Liang Mengning , Stellato Francesco , DePonte Daniel P. , Bari Sadia , Hartmann Robert , Kimmel Nils , Kirian Richard A. , Seibert M. Marvin , Mühlig Kerstin , Schorb Sebastian , Ferguson Ken , Bostedt Christoph , Carron Sebastian , Bozek John D. , Rolles Daniel , Rudenko Artem , Foucar Lutz , Epp Sascha W. , Chapman Henry N. , Barty Anton , Andersson Inger , Hajdu Janos , Maia Filipe R.N.C. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractUltra-intense femtosecond X-ray pulses from X-ray lasers permit structural studies on single particles and biomolecules without crystals. We present a large data set on inherently heterogeneous, polyhedral carboxysome particles. Carboxysomes are cell organelles that vary in size and facilitate up to 40% of Earth’s carbon fixation by cyanobacteria and certain proteobacteria. Variation in size hinders crystallization. Carboxysomes appear icosahedral in the electron microscope. A protein shell encapsulates a large number of Rubisco molecules in paracrystalline arrays inside the organelle. We used carboxysomes with a mean diameter of 115±26 nm from Halothiobacillus neapolitanus. A new aerosol sample-injector allowed us to record 70,000 low-noise diffraction patterns in 12 min. Every diffraction pattern is a unique structure measurement and high-throughput imaging allows sampling the space of structural variability. The different structures can be separated and phased directly from the diffraction data and open a way for accurate, high-throughput studies on structures and structural heterogeneity in biology and elsewhere.