bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cobaltite-framboidal pyrite association from the Kupferschiefer: possible
implications for trace element behaviour during the earliest stages of
diagenesis
Authors: Large D. J. , Sawłowicz Z. , Spratt J. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Cobaltite-cemented pyrite framboids are reported from the base of the
Kupferschiefer in the Lubin-Sieroszowice mining district in southern Poland. In
the framboids, cobaltite occurs interstitial to the pyrite crystals. The
cobaltite-cemented framboids are confined to within a few cm either side of the
boundary between the Weissliegendes sandstone and the Kupferschiefer laminated
organic-rich shales. Textural relations and distribution of the cobaltite is
interpreted as indicating that the framboids acted as a site of preferred
cobaltite precipitation and that the cobaltite precipitated in response to the
changing chemical environment at the Weissliegendes/Kupferschiefer contact. It is
proposed that the texture may have formed as a result of desorption of Co and/or
As which had been adsorbed onto the monosulphide precursors to the framboidal
pyrite. Desorption during the transition to pyrite resulted in cobaltite
saturation within the framboid and subsequent precipitation. The source of the Co
and As was probably oxyhydroxides which exist in the upper oxic part of the
Weissliegendes.
Prognostic significance of tumor burden in the blood of patients with erythrodermic primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Scarisbrick Julia J. , Whittaker Sean , Evans Alun V. , Fraser-Andrews Elisabeth A. , Child Fiona J. , Dean Alan , Russell-Jones Robin 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) includes patients with erythrodermic mycosis fungoides who may or may not exhibit blood involvement and Sézary syndrome and in whom hematological involvement is, by definition, present at diagnosis. These patients were stratified into 5 hematologic stages (H0-H4) by measuring blood tumor burden, and these data were correlated with survival. The study identified 57 patients: 3 had no evidence of hematologic involvement (H0), 8 had a peripheral blood T-cell clone detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the T-cell receptor gene and less than 5% Sézary cells on peripheral blood smear (H1), and 14 had either a T-cell clone detected by Southern blot analysis or PCR positivity with more than 5% circulating Sézary cells (H2). Twenty-four patients had absolute Sézary counts of more than 1 × 109 cells per liter (H3), and 8 patients had counts in excess of 10 × 109 cells per liter (H4). The disease-specific death rate was higher with increasing hematologic stage, after correcting for age at diagnosis. A univariate analysis of 30 patients with defined lymph node stage found hematologic stage (P = .045) and lymph node stage (P = .013) but not age (P = .136) to be poor prognostic indicators of survival. Multivariate analysis identified only lymph node stage to be prognostically important, although likelihood ratio tests indicated that hematologic stage provides additional information (P = .035). Increasing tumor burden in blood and lymph nodes of patients with erythrodermic CTCL was associated with a worse prognosis.The data imply that a hematologic staging system could complement existing tumor-node-metastasis staging criteria in erythrodermic CTCL.
Desferrioxamine-chelatable iron, a component of serum non–transferrin-bound iron, used for assessing chelation therapy
Authors: Breuer William , Ermers Marieke J. J. , Pootrakul Pensri , Abramov Ayala , Hershko Chaim , Cabantchik Z. Ioav 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThis study introduces a method for monitoring a component of serum non–transferrin-bound iron (NTBI), termed “desferrioxamine-chelatable iron” (DCI). It is measured with the probe fluorescein-desferrioxamine (Fl-DFO), whose fluorescence is stoichiometrically quenched by iron. DCI was found in the serum of most patients with thalassemia major (21 of 27 tested, range 1.5-8.6 μM), but only in a minority of patients with hereditary hemochromatosis (8 of 95 samples from 39 patients, range 0.4- 1.1 μM) and in none of 48 controls. The method was applied to monitoring the appearance of iron in the serum of patients under chelation therapy. Short-term (2 hours) follow-up of patients immediately after oral administration of deferriprone (L1) showed substantial mobilization of DCI into the serum (up to10 μM within 30-60 minutes). The transfer of DCI from L1 to Fl-DFO was observed in vitro with preformed L1-iron complexes, and occurred even at L1/iron ratios exceeding 3:1. Simultaneous administration of oral L1 and intravenous DFO to patients abrogated the L1-mediated rise in DCI, consistent with the shuttling of iron from L1 to DFO in vivo. A similar iron transfer from L1 to apo-transferrin was observed in vitro, lending experimental support to the notion that L1 can shuttle iron in vivo to other high-affinity ligands. These results provide a rationale for using chelator combinations, with the highly permeant L1 acting as an intracellular chelator-shuttle and the less permeant DFO serving as an extracellular iron sink. Potential applications of the DCI assay may be for studying chelator action and as an index of patient chelation status.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis due to germline mutations inSH2D1A, the X-linked lymphoproliferative disease gene
Authors: Arico Maurizio , Imashuku Shinsaku , Clementi Rita , Hibi Shigeyoshi , Teramura Tomoko , Danesino Cesare , Haber Daniel A. , Nichols Kim E. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
The hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytoses (HLH) comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by dysregulated activation of T cells and macrophages. Although some patients with HLH harbor perforin gene mutations, the cause of the remaining cases is not known. The phenotype of HLH bears a strong resemblance to X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP), an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated immunodeficiency resulting from defects in SH2D1A, a small SH2 domain-containing protein expressed in T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Here it is shown that 4 of 25 male patients with HLH who were examined harbored germline SH2D1A mutations. Among these 4 patients, only 2 had family histories consistent with XLP. On the basis of these findings, it is suggested that all male patients with EBV-associated hemophagocytosis be screened for mutations in SH2D1A. Patients identified as having XLP should undergo genetic counseling, and be followed long-term for development of lymphoma and hypogammaglobulinemia.
Expression of CCR9 β-chemokine receptor is modulated in thymocyte differentiation and is selectively maintained in CD8+ T cells from secondary lymphoid organs
Authors: Carramolino Laura , Zaballos Ángel , Kremer Leonor , Villares Ricardo , Martı́n Pilar , Ardavı́n Carlos , Martı́nez-A Carlos , Márquez Gabriel 
Published: July 2002

AbstractChemokines appear to have an important role in the seeding of lymphoid progenitors in the thymus, the regulation of the coordinated movements of the maturing T cells within this organ, and the egress of the resulting naive T cells to secondary lymphoid organs. CCR9, the specific receptor for the β-chemokine TECK/CCL25, is selectively expressed in thymus, lymph node, and spleen. Using a specific anti-CCR9 polyclonal antibody, K629, and a semiquantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction procedure, a detailed study of CCR9 expression in the thymus and secondary lymphoid organs was performed. The results show that CD4+CD8+ double-positive thymocytes have the highest CCR9 expression in thymus. Single-positive CD8+ thymocytes continue to express this receptor after abandoning the thymus as mature naive T cells, as suggested by the existence of a CD8+CD69lowCD62LhighCCR9+ cell subset. Consistent with this, CD8+lymphocytes from lymph nodes, spleen, and Peyer patches express a functional CCR9, as its expression correlates with migration in response to CCL25. Conversely, CD4+ thymocytes lose CCR9 before abandoning the thymus, and CD4+ T cells from secondary lymphoid organs also lack CCR9 expression. Analysis of CCR9 expression in thymocytes from mice of different ages showed that CCR9 levels are affected by age, as this receptor is more abundant, and its response to CCL25 is more potent in newborn animals. Collectively, these results suggest that CCR9 has a role in thymocyte development throughout murine life, with clear differences between the CD4+ and CD8+ lineages.
Granulocyte–colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)–primed allogeneic bone marrow: significantly less graft-versus-host disease and comparable engraftment to G-CSF–mobilized peripheral blood stem cells
Authors: Morton James , Hutchins Cheryl , Durrant Simon 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Prospective studies have shown rapid engraftment using granulocyte–colony-stimulating factor–mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (G-PBSCs) for allogeneic transplantation, though the risks for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) may be increased. It was hypothesized that the use of G-CSF to prime bone marrow (G-BM) would allow rapid engraftment without increased risk for GVHD compared with G-PBSC. Patients were randomized to receive G-BM or G-PBSCs for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The study was designed (β &lt; .8) to detect a difference in the incidence of chronic GVHD of 33% (α &lt; .05). The plan was to recruit 100 patients and to conduct an interim analysis when the 6-month follow-up point was reached for the first 50 patients. Fifty-seven consecutive patients were recruited (G-BM, n = 28; G-PBSC, n = 29). Patients in the G-PBSC group received 3-fold more CD34+ and 9-fold more CD3+ cells. Median times to neutrophil (G-BM, 16 days; G-PBSC, 14 days; P &lt; .1) and platelet engraftment (G-BM, 14 days; G-PBSC, 12 days; P &lt; .1) were similar. The use of G-PBSC was associated with steroid refractory acute GVHD (G-BM, 0%; G-PBSC, 32%; P &lt; .001), chronic GVHD (G-BM, 22%; G-PBSC, 80%; P &lt; .02), and prolonged requirement for immunosuppressive therapy (G-BM, 173 days; G-PBSC, 680 days;P &lt; .009). Survival was similar for the 2 groups. Compared with G-PBSC, the use of G-BM resulted in comparable engraftment, reduced severity of acute GVHD, and less subsequent chronic GVHD.
Heme is a potent inducer of inflammation in mice and is counteracted by heme oxygenase
Authors: Wagener Frank A. D. T. G. , Eggert Andreas , Boerman Otto C. , Oyen Wim J. G. , Verhofstad Albert , Abraham Nader G. , Adema Gosse , van Kooyk Yvette , de Witte Theo , Figdor Carl G. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractVarious pathologic conditions, such as hemorrhage, hemolysis and cell injury, are characterized by the release of large amounts of heme. Recently, it was demonstrated that heme oxygenase (HO), the heme-degrading enzyme, and heme are able to modulate adhesion molecule expression in vitro. In the present study, the effects of heme and HO on inflammation in mice were analyzed by monitoring the biodistribution of radiolabeled liposomes and leukocytes in conjunction with immunohistochemistry. Small liposomes accumulate in inflamed tissues by diffusion because of locally enhanced vascular permeability, whereas leukocytes actively migrate into inflammatory areas through specific adhesive interactions with the endothelium and chemotaxis. Exposure to heme resulted in a dramatic increase in liposome accumulation in the pancreas, but also intestines, liver, and spleen exhibited significantly increased vascular permeability. Similarly, intravenously administered heme caused an enhanced influx of radiolabeled leukocytes into these organs. Immunohistochemical analysis showed differential up-regulation of the adhesion molecules ICAM-1, P-selectin, and fibronectin in liver and pancreas in heme-treated animals. Heme-induced adhesive properties were accompanied by a massive influx of granulocytes into these inflamed tissues, suggesting an important contribution to the pathogenesis of inflammatory processes. Moreover, inhibition of HO activity exacerbated heme-induced granulocyte infiltration. Here it is demonstrated for the first time that heme induces increased vascular permeability, adhesion molecule expression, and leukocyte recruitment in vivo, whereas HO antagonizes heme-induced inflammation possibly through the down-modulation of adhesion molecules.
Macroscopic Evaluation of Rectal Cancer Resection Specimen: Clinical Significance of the Pathologist in Quality Control
Authors: Nagtegaal Iris D. , van de Velde Cornelis J.H. , van der Worp Erik , Kapiteijn Ellen , Quirke Phil , van Krieken J. Han J.M. ,   the Pathology Review Committee for the Cooperative Clinical Investigators of the Dutch Colorectal Cancer Group
Published: July 2002

PURPOSE: Quality assessment and assurance are important issues in modern health care. For the evaluation of surgical procedures, there are indirect parameters such as complication, recurrence, and survival rates. These parameters are of limited value for the individual surgeon, and there is an obvious need for direct parameters. We have evaluated criteria by which pathologists can judge the quality or completeness of the resection specimen in a randomized trial for rectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The pathology reports of all patients entered onto a Dutch multicenter randomized trial were reviewed. All participating pathologists had been instructed by workshops and videos in order to obtain standardized pathology work-up. A three-tiered classification was applied to assess completeness of the total mesorectal excision (TME). Prognostic value of this classification was tested using log-rank analysis of Kaplan-Meier survival curves using the data of all patients who did not receive any adjuvant treatment. RESULTS: Included were 180 patients. In 24% (n = 43), the mesorectum was incomplete. Patients in this group had an increased risk for local and distant recurrence, 36.1% v 20.3% recurrence in the group with a complete mesorectum (P = .02). Follow-up is too short to observe an effect on survival rates. CONCLUSION: A patient’s prognosis is predicted by applying a classification of macroscopic completeness on a rectal resection specimen. We conclude that pathologists are able to judge the quality of TME for rectal cancer. With this direct interdisciplinary assessment instrument, we establish a new role of the pathologist in quality control.
SIK2: A Novel Negative Feedback Regulator of FGF2 Signaling
Authors: Kuser‐Abali Gamze , Ugurlu‐Bayarslan Asli , Yilmaz Yeliz , Ozcan Ferruh , Karaer Funda , Bugra Kuyas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA wide range of cells respond to fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) by proliferation via activation of the Ras/ERK1/2 pathway. In this study, the potential involvement of salt inducible kinase SIK2) in this cascade within retinal Müller glia is explored. It is found that SIK2 phosphorylation status and activity are modulated in an FGF2‐dependent manner, possibly via ERK1/2. With SIK2 downregulation, enhanced ERK1/2 activation with delayed attenuation and increased cell proliferation is observed, while SIK2 overexpression hampers FGF2‐dependent ERK1/2 activation. In vitro kinase and site‐directed mutagenesis studies indicate that SIK2 targets the pathway element GRB2‐associated‐binding protein 1 (Gab1) on Ser266. This phosphorylation event weakens Gab1 interactions with its partners growth factor receptor‐bound protein 2 (Grb2) and Src homology region 2 domain containing phosphatase 2 (Shp2). Collectively, these results suggest that during FGF2‐dependent proliferation process ERK1/2‐mediated activation of SIK2 targets Gab1, resulting in downregulation of the Ras/ERK1/2 cascade in a feedback loop.
Gemcitabine Resistant Triple Negative Breast Tumor Derived Mesoporous Silicon Nanovaccine Overcame Drug Resistance
Authors: Pan Wen , Wang Yangyi , Tian Shaomin , Ma Xiaopeng , Min Yuanzeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDrug resistance presents a significant challenge in cancer treatment. By far, there is no effective method to solve this issue. Therapeutic cancer vaccine, which uses tumor antigens, e.g. neoantigens, to activate the hosts’ immune system to eliminate tumor cells, may be effective for overcoming tumor resistance. So, it is hypothesized that resistant tumors may have much more abundant tumor mutations in comparison to naive tumors, and the corresponding vaccine may overcome drug resistance. The proteomics data confirmes that cell lysates from resistant tumors to gemcitabine (GEM), a model drug, contain abundant tumor‐associated antigens, tumor‐specific antigens, damage‐associated molecular patterns, and neoantigens, which can activate immune responses. Herein, to enhance antigen presentation, a mesoporous silicon nanovaccine is developed, which is loaded with antigens from GEM treated GEM‐resistant triple‐negative breast cancer 4T1 cells. When mice bearing GEM‐resistant tumors are vaccinated, the nanovaccine displays efficacy against GEM‐resistant tumors. Moreover, when combined with immunotherapy, the efficacy of the developed nanovaccine on GEM‐resistant tumors are further improved by increasing intratumoral T‐cell infiltrations. The work presents a new strategy for overcoming drug resistance using cancer nanovaccine, which broadens clinical application prospects.
Formation of Core‐Shell Ir@TiO2 Nanoparticles through Hydrogen Treatment as Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction Catalysts
Authors: Park Jihyeon , Liu Eric , Angizi Shayan , Abdellah Ahmed , Kirici Ecem Yelekli , Higgins Drew 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe transition to a sustainable energy economy requires the availability of renewably produced hydrogen through proton exchange membrane water electrolysis. The techno‐economic viability of this technology requires addressing materials challenges regarding the lack of active and stable catalysts for the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acidic conditions. Herein, core‐shell iridium/titanium dioxide (Core‐shell Ir@TiO2) catalysts for acidic OER are synthesized through a polyol method to create TiO2 nanoparticles, followed by urea reduction with Ir, and subsequent annealing in hydrogen. The formation process of the core‐shell structure is observed through in situ environmental transmission electron microscopy under annealing conditions. Ir segregation occurred from an initially blended mixed metal oxide structure to a core‐shell configuration at 500 °C. Core‐shell Ir@TiO2 showed a three‐fold higher stability number (i.e., S‐number) than commercial IrOx (3.34 × 106 versus 1.02 × 106). Furthermore, an Ir‐mass normalized activity of 1,880 A gIr−1 at 1.7 V versus RHE is measured for Core‐shell Ir@TiO2, compared to 624 A gIr−1 for commercial IrOx. The developed synthetic route to prepare a composite structure with a TiO2 core and Ir‐based shell has enabled an Ir content reduction without a compromise in activity and stability, thus offering a promising avenue for developing next‐generation catalysts tailored for acidic water electrolysis.
Zincophilic Design for Highly Stable and Dendrite‐Free Zinc Metal Anodes in Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Mao Longhua , Xia Zhigang , Fan Meiqiang , Deng Yaping , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion batteries represent a highly promising next‐generation electrochemical energy storage system because of their safety, environmental friendliness, resource abundance, and simple assembly conditions. However, the formation and growth of zinc dendrites on zinc anode seriously hinder the practical application of zinc‐ion batteries. Zincophilic design, which enables the uniform zinc nucleation/deposition, offers an effective solution to achieve dendrite‐free zinc anodes. Despite significant progress in the field of zincophilic design, the research in this field currently lacks clear analysis and guidance. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current research status of zincophilic design and the mechanism for dendrite‐free zinc anode from three aspects: construction of zinc anode zincophilic layers, addition of zincophilic additives in electrolyte, and construction of 3D zincophilic host. Moreover, the challenges facing the industrialization and commercialization of zinc‐ion batteries in the further are briefly discussed.
Synergistic Engineering of Electron‐Enriched Nickel Sites for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction to C2H6
Authors: Xu Cui , Yu Sha , Zhang Mengyang , Zhan Xinyue , Jiang Shuai , Wang Suwen , Liu Guihao , Ren Jing , Sun Xiaoliang , Wang Yun , Peng Hui‐Qing , Liu Bin , Zhang Wenjun , Song Yu‐Fei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe production of multi‐carbon compounds through CO2 photoreduction (CO2PR) holds great promise but faces challenges due to high kinetic barriers and the sluggish process of C‐C coupling. Overcoming these obstacles requires fine engineering of active sites. In this study, Ni active sites are engineered through the synergistic effect of metal‐oxo cluster (Mo7O246−) and hydroxyl vacancy (VOH). In contrast to the Ni sites unmodified with Mo7O246− and VOH, which are unable to produce multi‐carbon products, the constructed electron‐enriched Ni active sites exhibit an impressive selectivity of up to 43.02% and a high yield rate of 246.70 µmol g−1 h−1 for C2H6, which represent one of the best results for CO2PR to C2H6. Through a comprehensive investigation involving operando experiments and theoretical simulations, hydroxyl vacancy and the formed Mo─O─Ni bonds is demonstrated due to the filling of hydroxyl vacancies with oxygen atoms from Mo7O246− synergistically constructed electron‐rich Ni sites. Such Ni sites efficiently catalyze CO2 conversion to C2H6 by enhancing the adsorption of *CO, promoting subsequent hydrogenation, and enabling low energy barriers for CO2 hydrogenation to *OCOH and the coupling of *CH3 intermediates. This study provides deeper insights into the photocatalytic process, highlighting the significance of tailored active sites for efficient CO2 conversion.
Weakening the Space Charge Layer Effect Through Tethered Anion Electrolyte and Piezoelectric Effect Toward Ultra‐Stable Zinc Anode
Authors: Wen Zhipeng , Hu Zuyang , Wang Xiangwen , Zhang Yufei , Du Wencheng , Ye Minghui , Tang Yongchao , Liu Xiaoqing , Li Cheng Chao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe space charge layer (SCL) dilemma, caused by mobile anion concentration gradient and the rapid consumption of cations, is the fundamental reason for the generation of zinc dendrites, especially under high‐rate discharge conditions. To address the issue, a physical (PbTiO3)/chemical (AMPS‐Zn) barrier is designed to construct stable zinc ion flow and disrupt the gradient of anion concentration by coupling the ferroelectric effect with tethered anion electrolyte. The ferroelectric materials PbTiO3 with extreme‐high piezoelectric constant can spontaneously generate an internal electric field to accelerate the movement of zinc ions, and the polyanionic polymer AMPS‐Zn can repel mobile anions and disrupt the anions concentration gradient by tethering anions. Through numerical simulations and analyses, it is discovered that a high Zn2+ transference number can effectively weaken the SCL, thus suppressing the occurrence of zinc dendrites and parasitic side reactions. Consequently, an asymmetric cell using the PbTiO3@Zn demonstrates a reversible plating/stripping performance for 2900 h, and an asymmetric cell reaches a state‐of‐the‐art runtime of 3450 h with a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.98%. Furthermore, the PbTiO3@Zn/I2 battery demonstrated an impressive capacity retention rate of 84.0% over 65000 cycles by employing a slender Zn anode.