bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is there a role of food additives in recurrent aphthous stomatitis? A prospective study with patch testing
Authors: Gülseren Duygu , Hapa Asli , Ersoy‐Evans Sibel , Elçin Gonca , Karaduman Ayşen 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundRecurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common disease of the oral mucosa with an unknown etiology. This study aimed to determine if food additives play a role in the etiology of RAS as well as to determine if patch testing can be used to detect which allergens cause RAS.MethodsThis prospective study included 24 patients with RAS and 22 healthy controls. All the participants underwent patch testing for 23 food additives.ResultsIn total, 21 (87.5%) RAS patients and 3 (13.6%) controls had positive patch test reactions to ≥1 allergens; the difference in the patch test positivity rate between groups was significant (P < 0.05). The most common allergen that elicited positive patch test results in the patient group was cochineal red (n = 15 [62.5%]), followed by azorubine (n = 11 [45.8%]) and amaranth (n = 6 [25%]).ConclusionsThe present findings show that food additives might play a role in the etiology of RAS and that patch testing could be a method for determining the etiology of RAS.
Effects of UV‐C on antioxidant capacity, antioxidant enzyme activity and colour of fresh‐cut red cabbage during storage
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yuan Li , Liu Wei , Lin Qiong , Wang Zhidong , Guan Wenqiang 
Published: December 2016

SummaryUltraviolet C (UV‐C) irradiation is a widely used nonthermal sterilisation method used to ensure the quality and safety of fresh and fresh‐cut produce. However, research focus of UV‐C has recently shifted from safety of sterilisation damage towards improvements in quality. Red cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra) is a widely consumed fresh‐cut vegetable. In this study, the effects of UV‐C irradiation on the antioxidant capacity, antioxidant enzyme activity and colour of fresh‐cut red cabbage were evaluated. The UV‐C decreased the L*, a* and b* values, and it turned the colour darker and increasingly blue. UV‐C increased the activity of four antioxidant enzymes and also stimulated the accumulation of flavonoids, glutathione and ascorbic acids. The antioxidant activity of UV‐C treatment was higher than in the control group. These results suggest that an appropriate dose of UV‐C may improve the antioxidant properties of fresh‐cut red cabbage.
A review of methods used for investigation of protein–phenolic compound interactions
Authors: Czubinski Jaroslaw , Dwiecki Krzysztof 
Published: December 2016

AbstractInteractions between the different compounds present in foods are common and have influence on the nutritional and functional properties of food products. Among a wide range of these interactions, the formation of complexes between proteins and phenolic compounds seems to be the most important issue. Complexation of the phenolic compounds with proteins can be analysed considering several aspects. These complexes might strongly affect nutritional potential of polyphenols by masking their antioxidant capacity, and on the other hand might have influence on the structure of proteins which may cause their precipitation or decrease susceptibility to digestion. The complexity of protein–phenolic compound interactions is a challenge for food analysts and forced researchers to establish a wide range of analytical methods, allowing determination of complexes formation. The main aim of this review is to give researchers an overview of the currently used methods that can be applied to study the interactions between proteins and phenolic compounds.
How meaty? Detection and quantification of adulterants, foreign proteins and food additives in meat products
Authors: Iammarino Marco , Marino Rosaria , Albenzio Marzia 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThe worldwide consumption of meat is increasing, especially in developing countries. Many studies have correlated a diet characterised by high intake of processed red meats with a risk of colorectal cancer, stroke, coronary heart diseases and diabetes. Moreover, the quality and safety of meat products may be compromised by several admitted and not admitted procedures (i.e. addition of food additives and/or foreign proteins). For these reasons, the topic ‘meat products’ quality and safety’ has gained much in importance during last few years. In this review, the recent advances in the field of analytical methods for the evaluation of meat adulteration due to the addition of foreign proteins and food additives are reported, compared and critically evaluated. Moreover, the most representative monitoring practices, developed worldwide, related to meats adulteration are described and discussed.
Frequency of rare BCR‐ABL1 fusion transcripts in chronic myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: Arun A. K. , Senthamizhselvi A. , Mani S. , Vinodhini K. , Janet N. B. , Lakshmi K. M. , Abraham A. , George B. , Srivastava A. , Srivastava V. M. , Mathews V. , Balasubramanian P. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryIntroductionThe hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is the presence of Philadelphia chromosome, its resultant fusion transcript (BCR‐ABL1), and fusion protein (p210). Alternate breakpoints in BCR (m‐bcr, μ‐bcr, and others) or ABL1 result in the expression of few rare fusion transcripts (e19a2, e1a2, e13a3, e14a3) and fusion proteins (p190, p200, p225) whose exact clinical significance remains to be determined.MethodsOur study was designed to determine the type and frequency of BCR‐ABL1 fusion transcripts in 1260 CML patients and to analyze the prognosis and treatment response in patients harboring rare BCR‐ABL1 fusion transcripts.ResultsThe frequency of various BCR‐ABL1 fusion transcripts was as follows: e14a2 (60%), e13a2 (34.3%), e1a2 (1.2%), e1a2 + e13a2 (2.0%), e1a2 + e14a2 (1.8%), e19a2 (0.3%), and e14a3 (0.3%). CML patients with e1a2 transcripts had higher rates of disease progression, resistance, or suboptimal response to imatinib and failed to achieve major molecular response.ConclusionCharacterization of the specific fusion transcript in CML patients is important owing to the difference in prognosis and response to therapy in addition to the conventional need for monitoring treatment response. CML patients with e1a2 transcripts have to be closely monitored due to the high incidence of disease progression and treatment resistance/failure.
Growth of NBT template particles through topochemical microcrystal conversion and their structural characterization
Authors: Dursun Sinan , Mensur‐Alkoy Ebru , Sabuncu Abdulsamet , Berksoy‐Yavuz Ayşe , Gülgün Mehmet Ali , Alkoy Sedat 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this study, uniform rectangular plate‐like perovskite Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 templates were obtained by molten salt synthesis method in three steps. Perovskite plate‐like Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 templates were synthesized from bismuth‐layered Na0.5Bi4.5Ti4O15 by topochemical microcrystal conversion method at the third and final step. The most important point was that the plate‐like morphology remained as desired, but templates were obtained in cubic perovskite structure. The Na2CO3 excess in the third step was the main controlling parameter. The crystalline orientation of the particles was investigated by electron backscatter diffraction analysis. The results indicated that the particles are single crystalline in nature. In the case of the 90 mol% excess of the stoichiometric Na2CO3 ratio, the NBT platelets had highly regular, rectangular prismatic morphology and single‐crystal nature. The structure was also confirmed through high‐resolution transmission electron microscope and selected area electron diffraction analysis.
Synthesis of Sr2Nb3O10 nanosheets and their application for growth of thin film using an electrophoretic method
Authors: Lee Woong‐Hee , Im Mir , Kweon Sang‐Hyo , Woo Jong‐Un , Nahm Sahn , Choi Ji‐Won , Hwang Seong‐Ju 
Published: December 2016

AbstractK(Sr2Nb3)O10 (KSN) ceramic without the secondary phase was obtained from a KSN + 0.05K2O specimen sintered at 1350°C. This ceramic was used as the precursor to synthesize Sr2Nb3O10− (SNO−) nanosheets, because it has a pure KSN phase with a large (002) plane. The SNO− nanosheets were deposited on a Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrate using the electrophoresis method at room temperature, and heated at various temperatures to get rid of the organic defects. The crystalline SNO phase without organic defects was formed in film annealed at 600°C. However, when the annealing temperature exceeded 600°C, the Pt electrode became unstable, resulting in degradation of the SNO film. Good electric properties were obtained from the SNO film annealed at 600°C: dielectric constant of 70, dielectric loss of 0.017 at 1.0 MHz, leakage current density of 3.5×10−8 A/cm2 at 0.2 MV/cm, and a breakdown electric field of 0.25 MV/cm.
Enhancing energy harvesting potential of (K,Na,Li)NbO3‐epoxy composites via Li substitution
Authors: Deutz Daniella B. , Mascarenhas Neola T. , van der Zwaag Sybrand , Groen Wilhelm A. 
Published: December 2016

In this study, the influence of Li substitution on the piezoelectric performance of lead‐free K0.5Na0.5NbO3 (KNN)‐epoxy composites is explored. KNN piezoceramic particles modified with 0‐12 mol% of Li are prepared via a double calcination technique, resulting in a perovskite particulate which transitions from an orthorhombic to tetragonal crystal structure between 6 and 9 mol% of Li, and contains a minor nonperovskite second phase from 6 mol%. A cuboid particle morphology is evident in all cases, though tetragonal KNN‐based particles have formed with serrated edges and fractures. The particles are dispersed at 10 vol% in an epoxy matrix to develop both random and dielectrophoretically structured (K,Na,Li)NbO3‐epoxy composites. The dielectric constant of the composites appears almost independent of Li content, while the piezoelectric charge constant of structured composites peaks before the polymorphic phase transition, at 3 mol% of Li. The peak in performance can be attributed to the increased primary particle size of the composition in combination with its single phase orthorhombic crystal structure. The enhancement of the energy harvesting figure of merit, derived from substituting 3 mol% of Li in the KNN particulate, makes these composites an interesting choice for flexible energy generators.
Gingivitis and lifestyle influences on high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein and interleukin 6 in adolescents
Authors: Pitchika Vinay , Thiering Elisabeth , Metz Isabel , Rothmaier Katrin , Willenberg Anja , Hickel Reinhard , Standl Marie , Kocher Thomas , Heinrich Joachim , Kühnisch Jan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimThis cross‐sectional study was repeated at two time points and investigated the influence of gingivitis, smoking and body mass index (BMI) on the systemic inflammatory markers high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL6) in 10‐ and 15‐year‐olds.Materials and MethodsThe study sample of two birth cohorts, i.e. GINIplus and LISAplus, from the Munich centre consisted of 806 and 846 subjects who were evaluated at 10‐ and 15‐year follow‐ups respectively. Children and their parents completed questionnaires on participant‐related lifestyle information. Gingivitis was measured at the sextant level using a simplified sulcus‐bleeding index. Serum hs‐CRP and IL6 levels were obtained from blood samples. Multiple logistic regressions adjusting for lifestyle‐related factors and other confounders were performed to assess associations between the specified variables.ResultsThere were no associations between gingivitis and the inflammatory markers hs‐CRP and IL6 in 10‐year‐olds. In 15‐year‐olds, gingivitis (aOR: 2.17; 95% CI: 1.25–3.77); daily smoking (aOR: 6.27; 95% CI: 1.39–28.39); and being overweight/obese (aOR: 4.95; 95% CI: 0.73–33.68) were identified as significantly influencing factors for elevated hs‐CRP values. Oral hygiene did not influence hs‐CRP.ConclusionIn this study, hs‐CRP was positively associated with gingivitis, smoking daily and overweight/obesity among 15‐year‐olds.
Calcification of the lower respiratory tract in relation to flight development in Jamaican fruit bats (Phyllostomidae, Artibeus jamaicensis)
Authors: Carter Richard T. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe production of echolocation calls in bats along with forces produced by contraction of thoracic musculature used in flight presumably puts relatively high mechanical loads on the lower respiratory tract (LRT). Thus, there are likely adaptations to prevent collapse or distortion of the bronchial tree and trachea during flight in echolocating bats. By clearing and staining (Alcian blue and Alizarin red) LRTs removed from nonvolant neonates, semivolant juveniles, volant subadults, and adult Jamaican fruit bats (Artibeus jamaicensis), I found that calcification of the tracheal, primary bronchial, and secondary bronchial (lobar) cartilage rings occurs over the span of about 3 days and coincides with later developmental stages of flight and the increased production of echolocation calls. Tracheal rings that are immediately adjacent to the larynx calcified first, followed by more caudal tracheal rings and then the rings of the primary and secondary bronchi. I suggest that calcification of LRT cartilage rings in echolocating bats provides increased rigidity to counter the thoracic compressions incurred during flight. Calcification of the LRT rings is an adaptation to support the emission of laryngeally produced echolocation calls during flight in bats.
Associations of pain intensity and pain‐related disability with psychological and socio‐demographic factors in patients with temporomandibular disorders: a cross‐sectional study at a specialised dental clinic
Authors: Su N. , Lobbezoo F. , van Wijk A. , van der Heijden G. J. M. G. , Visscher C. M. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThe study assessed whether psychological and socio‐demographic factors, including somatisation, depression, stress, anxiety, daytime sleepiness, optimism, gender and age, are associated with pain intensity and pain‐related disability in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). In total, 320 TMD patients were involved in the study. The psychological status of each patient was assessed with questionnaires, including the Symptom Checklist‐90 (SCL‐90), Epworth Sleeping Scale (ESS), stress questionnaire and Life Orientation Test‐Revised (LOT‐R). TMD pain, including pain intensity and pain‐related disability, was assessed with characteristic pain intensity (CPI) and disability points scales. The associations of psychological and socio‐demographic factors with pain intensity and pain‐related disability were assessed through logistic regression analyses. Higher pain intensity was significantly associated with more severe anxiety (P = 0·004), more severe somatisation (P < 0·001), more severe depression (P < 0·001), more severe stress (P = 0·001) and lower optimism (P = 0·025) in univariate regression analyses. However, multiple regression analysis showed that only somatisation was significantly associated with pain intensity (P < 0·001). Higher pain‐related disability was significantly associated with more severe anxiety (P < 0·001), more severe somatisation (P < 0·001), more severe depression (P < 0·001), more severe stress (P < 0·001) and lower optimism (P = 0·003) in univariate regression analyses. However, multiple regression analysis showed that only depression was significantly associated with pain‐related disability (P = 0·003). Among the psychological and socio‐demographic factors in this study, somatisation was the best predictor of pain intensity, while depression was the best predictor of pain‐related disability.
Cetuximab sensitivity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma xenografts is associated with treatment‐induced reduction in EGFR, pEGFR, and pSrc
Authors: Jedlinski Adam , Garvin Stina , Johansson Ann‐Charlotte , Edqvist Per‐Henrik , Ponten Fredrik , Roberg Karin 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundThe aims of this study were to validate in vitro drug sensitivity testing of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines in an in vivo xenograft model and to identify treatment‐induced changes in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway that could be used as markers for cetuximab treatment response.Materials and MethodsThe in vitro and in vivo cetuximab sensitivity of two HNSCC cell lines, UT‐SCC‐14 and UT‐SCC‐45, was assessed using a crystal violet assay and xenografts in nude mice, respectively. The expression of EGFR, phosphorylated EGFR (pEGFR), phosphorylated Src (pSrc), and Ki‐67 was investigated by immunohistochemistry. To verify these results, the in vitro expression of EGFR and pEGFR was analyzed with ELISA in a panel of 10 HNSCC cell lines.ResultsA close correlation was found between in vitro and in vivo cetuximab sensitivity data in the two investigated HNSCC cell lines. In treatment sensitive UT‐SCC‐14 xenografts, there was a decrease in EGFR, pEGFR, and pSrc upon cetuximab treatment. Interestingly, in insensitive UT‐SCC‐45 xenografts, an increased expression of these three proteins was found. The change in EGFR and pEGFR expression in vivo was confirmed in cetuximab‐sensitive and cetuximab‐insensitive HNSCC cell lines using ELISA.ConclusionHigh sensitivity to cetuximab was strongly associated with a treatment‐induced reduction in pEGFR both in vivo and in vitro in a panel of HNSCC cell lines, suggesting that EGFR and pEGFR dynamics could be used as a predictive biomarker for cetuximab treatment response.
The effect of two drug delivery systems in ropivacaine cytotoxicity and cytokine release by human keratinocytes and fibroblasts
Authors: Ferreira Luiz Eduardo Nunes , Muniz Bruno Vilela , Burga-Sánchez Jonny , Volpato Maria Cristina , de Paula Eneida , Rosa Edvaldo Antonio Ribeiro , Groppo Francisco Carlos 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Objectives
Modified drug delivery systems have been developed to improve pharmacological properties of local anaesthetics. However, the inflammatory potential of these formulations was not investigated. This study compared the in-vitro effects of ropivacaine (ropi) in plain, liposomal (MLV) or 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) formulations on cell viability, apoptosis and cytokine (IL-1α, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10) release.

Methods
Human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) and human immortalized gingival fibroblasts (HGF) were exposed to 1–100 μm ropi concentrations. The cell viability was measured by XTT and LIVE/DEAD assay. Apoptosis was performed by flow cytometry, and cytokine release was measured by ELISA assay.

Key findings
Human immortalized keratinocyte viability was reduced by ropi and both drug delivery systems. However, none of the formulations induced apoptosis. Results showed a differential regulation of IL-1α TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 by HaCaT and HGF. Ropi-HP-β-CD increased twofold the IL-6 release by HGF in comparison with the control, while 100 μm ropi-MLV led to an increased release of all pro-inflammatory cytokines by HGF.

Conclusion
The loss in cell viability was not related to cellular apoptosis. Ropi complexed with HP-β-CD showed a similar cytokine release pattern when compared to the plain formulation. Thus, the HP-β-CD form was a better drug carrier than the MLV form for ropivacaine drug delivery.
Conceptualising Educational Quality of Life to Understand the School Experiences of Students With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Faragher Rhonda , Van Ommen Mark 
Published: December 2016

AbstractVarious international reports over several decades present a less‐than‐favorable educational experience for students with disabilities. The continued failure of policy to address the factors that influence a quality education is contrary to the goals of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with a Disability. Research has found that quality‐of‐life domains have a close relationship to the articles contained in the Convention, one of which has a specific focus on education. Analyzing education from the perspective of quality of life may serve as an agent to effect needed change for students with disabilities. In this paper, we explore quality of life in the context of education for students with intellectual disabilities and conceptualize a new substrand of quality of life: EQOL—educational quality of life. A study of how family quality of life emerged from quality of life provides a way to rationalize the development of EQOL. Simultaneously a study of the literature related to the human experience and influences on school experience helped develop and support the conceptualization of EQOL. Our model is a multidimensional social construct underpinned by five principles, five domains, and related indicators. We propose this model as the basis for further research which will be needed to verify the structure before its use for measurement and as an agent of change. Understanding the influences on EQOL and the relationship between these influences can shape research design, policy development, and well‐being measures for all students. The resulting information can provide educational authorities, communities, teachers, and parents with the knowledge to priorities interventions and determine the effectiveness of these interventions on the school experience of students with a disability.
Biotic interaction effects on seedling recruitment along bioclimatic gradients: testing the stress‐gradient hypothesis
Authors: Klanderud Kari , Meineri Eric , Töpper Joachim , Michel Pascale , Vandvik Vigdis 
Published: December 2016

AbstractQuestionsIs there a shift from positive to negative biotic interaction effects on seedling recruitment along two different stress gradients, temperature and precipitation (the stress‐gradient hypothesis); do such interaction effects differ between species with different bioclimatic affinities?LocationBoreal, sub‐alpine and alpine grassland in southern Norway.MethodsWe tested the stress‐gradient hypothesis by comparing seedling recruitment in bare‐ground gaps where vegetation has been removed vs in extant grassland vegetation in 12 boreal, sub‐alpine and alpine grassland sites along a precipitation gradient. This was tested in (1) a seed‐sowing experiment and (2) in naturally occurring recruitment of alpine, generalist and boreal species.ResultsEmergence of the sown alpine species was higher in the cold alpine than in the warmer sub‐alpine sites, with no effects of precipitation or vegetation removal. The sown generalists also decreased in emergence towards warmer sites, whereas there was no effect of temperature on the sown boreal species. Vegetation removal, interacting with precipitation, increased the emergence of the generalist and boreal species sown at intermediate precipitation levels. In contrast, interactions between temperature and vegetation removal regulated the emergence of all groups of naturally occurring seedlings. Alpine and generalist species emerged at the highest rate in alpine sites, whereas boreal species had highest emergence in the lowlands.ConclusionFor all species groups, strong effects of vegetation removal show that competition from the extant vegetation dominates in controlling seedling emergence across all study sites and species. In generalist and boreal species, positive interactions between vegetation removal and temperature show that competitive interactions affect seedling emergence more strongly towards warmer climates, in line with the stress‐gradient hypothesis. In contrast, alpine species show no such interactions. This suggests that species’ adaptations to climate, in combination with environmental forcing, control seedling emergence along the bioclimatic gradients. Our results have implications for nature conservation, as we propose that disturbance from grazing animals can be useful to release competition and thereby increase seedling recruitment and biodiversity in boreal and alpine grasslands in a warmer future.