bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BokSmart: Preventive rehabilitation for rugby injuries to the lower back and core
Authors: Hopkins N 
Published: April 2016

Background. The low back is an integral part of the entire movement chain as it functions as part of a complex network of the skeletal, muscular and nervous system. Eighty to 90% of acute low back pain episodes dissipate within 8 - 12 weeks regardless of any intervention, but 5 - 10% regress into chronic low back pain. As a result of its undistinguished aetiology, the treatment for low back pain remains controversial. Treatment options for low back pain include the following: analgesics, muscle relaxants, antidepressants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, epidural steroid injections, manipulation, back schools, electromyographic biofeedback, traction, orthoses, behaviour therapy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, acupuncture, and exercise therapy. Results. Therapeutic exercises for low back pain have been shown in 6 different randomised controlled trials to be beneficial in reducing pain by up to 60% and improving functional ability by up to 47%. Furthermore, a Cochrane review on low back pain found strong evidence that exercise therapy is an effective intervention in the treatment of low back pain. When prescribing exercises for an individual with low back pain the following goals need to be considered: (i) improve performance in endurance activities; (ii) improve muscular strength around the spine; (iii) eliminate any impairments in spinal flexibility; (iv) reduce the intensity of the pain being experienced by the individual; and (v) reduce back pain-related disability. A rugby player will have increased core stability/strength and a reduced risk of injury if the internal support mechanisms of the spine have been conditioned to resist distortion or injury from external forces. Not only will improved core stability benefit players on the field during matches or practices, it will also assist in preventing unnecessary injuries during weight training and pre-season conditioning. Conclusion. Exercise programmes which combine core stability with general strength training should be prescribed for rugby players to prepare them for the level of impact involved in the game, as well as for sport-related weight training and non-sport-related daily activities.
Effect of a therapeutic dose of pseudoephedrine on swimmers’ performance
Authors: Gradidge PJ-L , Constantinou D , Heard S-M , King C , Morris-Eyton H 
Published: April 2016

Background. The potential performance-enhancement effect of pseudoephedrine (PSE) use has led to its prohibition in competition sports (urine concentrations >150 μg/ml). Data are, however, scarce regarding whether therapeutic PSE use enhances swimming performance.Objective. To investigate the effect of therapeutic PSE use on performance in aerobic and explosive sprint swimming events.Method. A double-blinded cross-over study design was used. Participants in the control group initially received a placebo and those in the experimental group received a divided PSE dose of 90 mg/d. Anaerobic power (50 m sprint) and aerobic (2 000 m) swimming testing was conducted at (i) baseline; (ii) after ingestion of a placebo or PSE; and (iii) after the groups were crossed over, following a wash-out period of 4 days, to determine changes in performance between trials.Results. The participants (mean age 44 years; N=7) were competitive masters swimmers with normal resting heart rates (68 beats per minute (bpm); standard deviation (SD) ±14) and blood pressures (BPs) (171 (SD ±27)/83 (SD ±16) mmHg). The use of PSE during the anaerobic swim test showed only a trivial chance (68%) of improvement, with a likely enhancement in systolic BP (86%). The aerobic swim test did not affirm performance enhancement as measured by time to completion (52% chance of a positive effect; 41% chance of a negative effect), nor did any other physiological variable of interest (peak heart rate and exercising BP) differ significantly from baseline results.Conclusion. The use of a therapeutic amount of PSE in short and endurance swimming trials did not appear to have any major ergogenic effect on performance.
PARENTERAL NUTRITION IN VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS. WHEN TO START?
Authors: Alves de Sousa Maria Amenaide Carvalho , Vieira Ana Suely , Ribeiro Suely , Oliveira Moreira Lícia Maria 
Published: April 2016

Objective: To assess the effects of parenteral nutrition (PN) initiation time in very low birth weight neonates on: the birth weight recovery time, enteral nutrition (EN) initiation time, duration of hospitalization, and incidence of death. Methods: This retrospective case-control study was performed in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a tertiary center: Santo Amaro Hospital, Salvador, Brazil. All infants with birth weights ≤ 1500 g who were treated in the NICU during the study period (n= 114) were included. The sample was divided in two groups: early (≤ 48 h after birth) and late (> 48 h after birth) onset of PN. We also analyzed a subgroup of neonates with birth weights ≤ 750g, as well as a group for whom PN was initiated very early (≤ 24 h after birth). Results: A total of 114 neonates (n=48 / 39.8% in early PN group),were included in the study. Birth weight recovery time (9.9 ± 4.0 vs 12.8 ± 6.1, p = 0.007), lenght of hospitalization (43.2 ± 4.0 vs 71.8 ± 41.7, p = 0.007), and time of EN onset (2.2 ± 1.2 vs 7.9 ± 5.8, p <0.001) , were significantly lower in the early PN onset group than in the late onset group. Lenght of hospitalization was positively correlated with the timing of EN onset (r= 0,37, p = 0,001). No significant difference in adverse outcomes: death (18.6% vs 13.6%, p = 0.6), intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) (8.3% vs 12.1%, p = 0.9 ) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (8.3% vs 31.8%, p = 0.1) was obbserved between groups. Conclusion: In this study, the early initiation of nutritional support in very low birth weight neonates can reduce the length of hospitalization thereby reducing costs, without increasing the incidence of adverse effects.
DOES GRACE SCORE INCREMENT PROGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT AFTER ANGIOGRAPHY IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES?
Authors: Garcia Guilherme , Freitas Rafael , Kalil Felipe , Ferreira Felipe , Silva André , Vasconcelos Isis , Oliveira Ruan , Carvalhal Manuela , Henri Caio , Ivo Maira , Noya-Rabelo Márcia , Correia Luis 
Published: April 2016

Rational: The GRACE Score assessed at admission predicts mortality in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (ACS). However, once coronary anatomy is assessed, it is not known whether this score increments prognostic assessment. Objective: To test the hypothesis that the GRACE Score adds prognostic value to coronary anatomy in patients with ACS. Methods: Prospective cohort, including patients with ACS who underwent coronary angiography while admitted to the hospital. Anatomical extension of coronary disease was characterized by the Duke Jeopardy score (DJS) and the number diseased artery (NDA). The primary end-point was the composite of death, non-fatal MI or refractory unstable angina. Results: 112 patients enrolled, aged 70 ± 12, 14% incidence of cardiovascular events. C-statistics for GRACE was 0.68 (95%CI=0.53-0.84), for DJS was 0.78 (95%CI=0.67-0.9) and for NAD was 0.74 (95%CI=0.61-0.88). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated independent predictive value of GRACE in relation to anatomical information. However, when this Score was added to DJS or NDA, no improving in c-statistic was observed: DJS-GRACE had a c-statistics of 0.78 (95%CI=0.64–0.92) and NAD-GRACE of 0.76 (95%CI=0.60–0.92). Conclusion: The GRACE score does not add prognostic value to angiographic data in patients with ACS.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CRYOGLOBULINEMIA AND THYROID DYSFUNCTION IN HEPATITIS C CARRIERS
Authors: De Oliveira Andrade Luis Jesuino , Mercês Atta Ajax , Atta Maria Luiza Brito de Sousa , Paraná Raymundo 
Published: April 2016

Introduction: Cryoglobulinemia is a biomarker of autoimmunity correlated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Objective: Report the association between the presence of mixed-cryoglobulinemia and thyroid dysfunction (TD) in hepatitis C virus carriers before and during treatment with pegylatedinterferon-alpha (Peg-IFN-α). Methods: Prospective cohort study. Results: Sixty-five untreated HCV patients, 38 women and 27 men were included in this study. Mean age of patients was 49.61 ± 11.83 years. Cryoglobulinemia was demonstrated in 24 (36.92%) patients. The TD was demonstrated in 2 patients (3.10%) before treatment with IFN-α, in 4 patients (6.20%) at 12th week, and 8 patients (12.30%) at 24th week; whereas autoimmune thyroid (TPO-Ab) positive was demonstrated in 3 patients (4.60%) before treatment, in 7 patients (10.80%) at 12th week, and 12 patients (18.50%) at 24th week. In the sample analyzed, the risk of a patient with cryoglobulinemia develop TD was 2.74 (95% CI: 1.95–12.95) times that of a patient without cryoglobulinemia in the 12th week of treatment and 1.83 (95% CI: 1.03–7.08) times in the 24th week of antiviral treatment, and risk of a patient with cryoglobulinemia for develop TPO Ab positive was 2.44 (95% CI: 1.46–5.98) times that of a patient without cryoglobulinemia in the 12th week of treatment, and 1.31 (95% CI: 1.05–2.89) times in the 24th weeks of antiviral treatment. Conclusion: We concluded that thyroid function evaluation should be recommended for HCV carriers that are seropositive for cryoglobulinemia.
Sistema casa-lote: discursos acerca da propriedade da terra em um assentamento rural
Authors: Cordeiro Manuela Souza Siqueira 
Published: April 2016

O objetivo do artigo é analisar de que forma convivem dois discursos que organizam a permanência na terra da família assentada, tendo como chave analítica o que denomino sistema casa-lote. O primeiro deles é ligado à construção abstrata da família assentada presentes nas leis, inclusive no título de domínio definitivo, o que denomino “discurso legal”. O segundo está ligado ao gerenciamento dos bens da família (terra da reforma agrária, casas, outras terras, pequenos comércios) que conformam a realidade daquelas que foram assentadas e já possuem um tempo de trabalho na terra, chamado de “discurso moral”. A pesquisa foi realizada no assentamento Novo Horizonte, localizado no município de Campos dos Goytacazes, no Rio de Janeiro.
Processing Factors, Academic Discourse, and Local and Global Comprehension
Authors: Kucer Stephen B 
Published: April 2016

The relationship among processing factors and the comprehension of literary and scientific discourses of fourth grade readers was examined. With one exception, a different matrix of processing behaviors were associated with the recall within the two disciplinary discourses. However, clauses read in a manner than maintained the author’s meaning, regardless of the existence of miscues, were positively correlated with local and global levels of comprehension on both discourse types. Interestingly, words read per minute, accuracy, reading levels as determined by the Qualitative Reading Inventory, and oral reading fluency as determined by DIBELS were unrelated to strong retellings.
Poetry and New Media: In Conversation with Four Poets
Authors: Hughes Janette Michelle 
Published: April 2016

Through an examination of digital poetry explorations created by the researcher based on conversations with four Canadian poets, this paper explores the convergence of poetry and new media and attempts to address what happens when the pedagogical ideals outlined by the poets are represented digitally. The poets and researcher discuss the affordances the digital poetry explorations might offer a potential reader or aspiring writer.
Recess as a Site for Language Play
Authors: Countryman June , Gabriel Martha A 
Published: April 2016

Researchers in this study adopted an ethnomusicology perspective to explore the playground language and music-making practices of children at nine Canadian school playgrounds over a two-year period. Using non-participant observation the researchers found that school children (ages 5-12) engaged in multimodal and multi-vocal play as they manipulated language, chanted or sang with rhythmic speech, and combined language play with gestures and kinetic movements. The authors suggest a link between children’s out-of-school literacies (‘languaging’ and ‘musicking’ on the playground)—where children are active agents of their own learning—and children’s potential in-school literacies.
Enhancing and Displacing Literacy Practices: Examining Student Publishing in a Fifth Grade Writer’s Workshop
Authors: Lenters Kimberly 
Published: April 2016

Publication of student work has been considered a mainstay of the writer’s workshop since the early days of the ‘children as authors’ movement (Graves, 1983). However, this philosophy, which stipulates students should share their work with peers, may not be one that always benefits students. This case study utilizes the concept of literacy-in-action (Brandt & Clinton, 2002), to look at the manner in which one local rendition of writer’s workshop both enhanced and displaced student literacy practices. The guiding question asks: How are focal students, Sara, Ally and Nigel, engaging in the practice of publication of their writing and how are those publications, as literacy objects, mediating their practice of literacy in the writer’s workshop? The examination of writer’s workshop first presents the way publication of student writing found its way into Sara and Nigel’s classroom and the kinds of investments accumulated in it as it made its way into their practice of classroom writing. It then presents the agentful activity engaged in by these students in their classroom literacy practice of writing for publication. Through the analysis, the ways an assessment-focused writer’s workshop worked to enhance and displace individual student’s literacy practices are brought out.
Nuptse & Lhotse Go to the Rockies by J. Asnong
Authors: Wheeler Lauren 
Published: April 2016

Asnong, Jocey. Nuptse & Lhotse Go to the Rockies. Victoria, BC: Rocky Mountain Books, 2014. Print.Nuptse & Lhotse are sibling cats with a sense of adventure. Finding inspiration in the Canadian Rockies, author and illustrator Jocey Asnong sends the cats on an adventure through the Canadian Rockies to help Mrs. Jasper find her missing cubs, Yoho and Kootenay. The cats along with Mrs. Jasper travel through the scenic highlights of Mountain Parks, from the Valley of the Ten Peaks to Lake Louise, along the Canadian Pacific Railway tracks to the Spiral Tunnels and up to the Columbia Icefields, with a stop to ski along the way.The story is straightforward, with simple language that works for beginner readers or reading aloud. A map at the beginning situates the events of the story, a comparison of a teddy bear to a grizzly bear is lighthearted and informative, and a maze illustration works with the plot of finding the lost cubs and is a fun activity while reading. It is the illustrations that bring the story to life by combining pencil crayon drawings with collage to create a layered visual experience leaving something new to be discovered with each read. Seamlessly incorporated into the text and illustrations are aspects of mountain geography and culture. This includes an explanation of the blue-green colour of the mountain lakes that is part of the cats’ stop in Lake Louise and homage to legendary mountain photographer Byron Harmon. These details make good entry points for further classroom learning and connect to a number of curriculum areas.The publisher, Rocky Mountain Books, is known for publications that celebrate mountain culture and Nuptse & Lhotse Go to the Rockies is an excellent addition to their growing catalogue for young readers. Highly recommended: 4 out of 4 starsReviewer: Lauren WheelerLauren Wheeler is a Program Lead at the Alberta Museums Association. When not assisting museums across Alberta, Lauren likes to explore and relax in her hometown of Canmore.
Skink on the Brink by L. Dalrymple
Authors: Deakin Andrea 
Published: April 2016

Dalrymple, Lisa. Skink on the Brink. Illus. Suzanne del Rizzo. Markham: Fitzhenry and Whiteside, 2013. Print.Stewie is a little skink, a member of an endangered species, and therefore very much “on the brink”. We meet young Stewie and his very blue tail as he enjoys life by a pond. Here in the forest he engages with other creatures, including a hungry weasel who pounces on him. The skink is safe, but his tail has popped off, leaving him free to escape the weasel’s clutches. Back grows the tail as beautiful as ever.However as Stewie grows he changes, and the beautiful blue tail is now a dull grey. Nothing feels right. Trying to escape the changes that are happening to him and mourning the loss of his blue tail, Stewie makes for a new pond. Here he meets a wise woodpecker who helps him to accept the changes in his colour as part of “growing up “. He sends Stewie back to his home pond, now more sure of himself and happy to be home.This gentle story of accepting the changes that growing up brings, and therefore accepting and loving yourself, is illustrated in lively pictures sculpted in modelling clay. The fine sense of texture and lively presentation complement the story well.Skink on the Brink won the SCBWI Crystal Kite Award (Canada) for 2014.Recommended: 3 out of 4 starsReviewer: Andrea DeakinAndrea has been involved with books since she was class librarian in Primary School, Student Librarian in Grammar School, student librarian for the Education Faculty when she was a student, and school librarian in schools both in England and in Canada, except for the first two years in Canada where she arrived in 1959. When she retired from teaching ( English and History) she was invited to review in February 1971, and continued to review for press, radio, and finally on the Internet (Deakin Newsletter from Okanagan College) until she retired in 2011. Forty years seemed sufficient- although she still cannot keep her nose out of good children's and YA fare.
The Highway Rat by J. Donaldson
Authors: Feisst Debbie 
Published: April 2016

Donaldson, Julia. The Highway Rat. Illus. Axel Scheffler. New York: Arthur A. Levine Books, 2013. Print.The children’s literature dream team of author Julia Donaldson and illustrator Axel Scheffler are at it again with this delightful take on Alfred Noyes’ classic narrative poem, “The Highwayman.” Donaldson and Scheffler, best known for their popular Gruffalo series as well as Room on the Broom, have created a lush narrative replete with repetitive phrases and rich illustrations that will captivate children while engaging the adult reader in an intelligent manner.“The Highway Rat was a baddie; the Highway Rat was a beast. He took what he wanted and ate what he took…” Indeed! The Highway Rat holds up fellow travelers and those he meets along the way with a voracious attitude and pointy sword. Though he prefers sweets, he takes anything –even a bunch of clover deemed tasteless and dull –to satisfy his greed and without a morsel of regret. As the other creatures along the road grew thinner and thinner, the Highway Rat grows plump until one plucky duck delivers poetic justice and some just ‘desserts’ to this nasty rat. Children will be pleased with the appropriate comeuppance for the Highway Rat that arrives with a healthy message of kindness and sharing.Fans of Donaldson and Scheffler’s previous work will not be disappointed, in particular those who have encountered “The Highwayman” as younger readers. This rollicking book will make a nice addition to any elementary school library collection and is best suited for students in K-3. Highly recommended: 4 out of 4 stars Reviewer: Debbie FeisstDebbie is a Public Services Librarian at the H.T. Coutts Education Library at the University of Alberta. When not renovating, she enjoys travel, fitness and young adult fiction.
The Gypsy King by M. Fergus
Authors: Smith Jorden 
Published: April 2016

Fergus, Maureen. The Gypsy King. Toronto: RazorBill Penguin Canada, 2013. Print.Described by the publisher, Penguin Canada, as “The Princess Bride meets A Game of Thrones with a hint of Ever After,” this book holds great promise. As a fan of all three, my expectations were high and I was a little disappointed. The book is enjoyable, the writing is engaging, the plot has a few interesting twists, the main characters are interesting, but the abrupt ending felt like a marketing ploy. At least it is an effective ploy. I am already watching the shelf for the next book in the series to arrive.Fergus depicts a rigid caste system, a ruthless and vindictive regent, a selfish quest for eternal life, and a society fighting for survival. The Gypsy King tells the story of Persephone, a strong-willed slave, who longs for freedom but does not take action. When she encounters Azriel, a charming gypsy and resourceful thief, her situation takes a dramatic turn. Azriel believes Persephone may be part of a 15-year old prophecy shared by the last gypsy seer following the slaughter of innocent gypsies. The primary villain, Mordecai, is exceptionally evil; he is ruthless, maniacal, and makes puppy-murdering Cruella look like a normal human being. His actions are more gruesomely depicted than expected and this book is not for those with a weak stomach. The novel contains scenes of violence and sexuality that may not appeal to all readers.The fiercely independent female protagonist, Persephone, is the best part of this book. I was frustrated with her at times for her reticence to escape her situation, but ultimately I found myself appreciating her loyalty and commitment to those in need of her assistance—both humans and animals. She has moments in distress, but never plays the maiden in need of a hero. Although she clearly has feelings for Azriel, and vice versa, their relationship does not progress much beyond palpable sexual tension. Showing her resourcefulness, our protagonist seizes opportunities and works to extricate herself and others from the grasp of Mordecai and his merciless men. Facing an oppressive society that scorns her social class and her gender, Persephone is fighting her way up two bitterly steep hills. However, she finds the strength, the courage, and the resolve to survive. That being said, she is not a saint. She experiences jealousy, hatred, and selfishness yet she is a vibrant and passionate character. Fergus has developed a perfectly human protagonist and it is a refreshing change. Because I am so looking forward to the next installment and I love a strong female lead, I will give the book four stars.Recommended: Four out of Four StarsReviewer: Jorden SmithJorden is a Public Services Librarian in Rutherford Humanities and Social Sciences Library at the University of Alberta. She is an avid fiction reader and subscribes to Hemingway’s belief that “there is no friend as loyal as a book.”