bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simple and inexpensive technique for assessing contamination during drilling operations
Authors: Friese André , Kallmeyer Jens , Axel Kitte Jan , Montaño Martínez Ivan , Bijaksana Satria , Wagner Dirk ,   the ICDP Lake Chalco Drilling Science Team and the ICDP Towuti Drilling Science Team
Published: February 2017

AbstractSubsurface exploration relies on drilling. Normally drilling requires a drilling fluid that will infiltrate into the drill core. Drilling fluid contains non‐indigenous materials and microbes from the surface, so its presence renders a sample unsuitable for microbiological and many other analyses. Because infiltration cannot be avoided, it is of paramount importance to assess the degree of contamination to identify uncontaminated samples for geomicrobiological investigations. To do this, usually a tracer is mixed into the drilling fluid. In past drilling operations a variety of tracers have been used, each has specific strengths and weaknesses. For microspheres the main problem was the high price, which limited their use to spot checks or drilling operations that require only small amounts of drilling fluid. Here, we present a modified microsphere tracer approach that uses an aqueous fluorescent pigment dispersion with a similar concentration of fluorescent particles as previously used microsphere tracers. However, it costs four orders of magnitude less, allowing for a more liberal use even in large operations. Its applicability for deep drilling campaigns was successfully tested during two drilling campaigns of the International Continental Drilling Program (ICDP) at Lake Towuti, Sulawesi, Indonesia, and Lake Chalco, Mexico. Quantification of the tracer requires only a fluorescence microscope or a flow cytometer. The latter allowing for high‐resolution data to be obtained directly on‐site within minutes and with minimal effort, decreasing sample processing times substantially relative to traditional tracer methods. This approach offers an inexpensive, rapid, but powerful alternative technique for contamination assessment during drilling campaigns.
An optimized transurethral catheterization cystometry in mice and comparison with classic suprapubic catheterization cystometry
Authors: Xiang Zhuoyi , Li Yaohui , Bian Tingchang , He Minke , Xu Yeqing , Wang Guomin , Guo Jianming , Wang Hang 
Published: February 2017

AimsThe aim of this study is to establish an optimized, minimally invasive transurethral catheterization cystometry (TUCC) and a novel urethral pressure profile (UPP) measurement for mice.MethodsThe optimized TUCC and the UPP measurement were first established. This optimized TUCC was then performed in 16 anesthetized female mice and compared with the suprapubic catheterization cystometry (SCC) in parallel after suprapubic catheters implantation (SCI; on zero, third, and seventh day, respectively). Finally, the optimized TUCC and novel UPP measurement were applied to investigate in another eight mice of partial bladder outlet obstruction (pBOO) model. The urodynamic parameters including micturition pressure (MP), basal pressure (BP), threshold pressure (TP), bladder capacity (BC), micturition volume (MV), residual urine (RV), bladder compliance (COM), maximum urethral pressure (MUP), bladder pressure curve and UPP were recorded. Statistical cross‐comparisons of parameters for two kinds of cystometries and pBOO model were performed.ResultsCompared with the optimized TUCC before SCI, the MV, RV, BC, and MP decreased significantly on the seventh day after SCI (270.4‐132.5 µL, 46.13‐20.09 µL, 316.4‐152.5 µL, 30.01‐24.34 cmH20, respectively). After SCI, the BP, MP, TP, MV, RV, BC, and COM showed no significant difference between the TUCC and SCC at the same time point. The MUP increased significantly after pBOO operation (19.1‐46.6 cmH20, P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe minimally invasive TUCC along with UPP measurement could be widely applied to study the bladder function of mice as a feasible, repeatable, and accessible method.
Prediction of Anti‐Alzheimer's Activity of Flavonoids Targeting Acetylcholinesterase in silico
Authors: Das Subrata , Laskar Monjur A. , Sarker Satyajit D. , Choudhury Manabendra D. , Choudhury Prakash Roy , Mitra Abhijit , Jamil Shajarahtunnur , Lathiff Siti Mariam A. , Abdullah Siti Awanis , Basar Norazah , Nahar Lutfun , Talukdar Anupam D. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIntroductionPrenylated and pyrano‐flavonoids of the genus Artocarpus J. R. Forster & G. Forster are well known for their acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory, anti‐cholinergic, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐microbial, anti‐oxidant, anti‐proliferative and tyrosinase inhibitory activities. Some of these compounds have also been shown to be effective against Alzheimer's disease.ObjectiveThe aim of the in silico study was to establish protocols to predict the most effective flavonoid from prenylated and pyrano‐flavonoid classes for AChE inhibition linking to the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease.MethodologyThree flavonoids isolated from Artocarpus anisophyllus Miq. were selected for the study. With these compounds, Lipinski filter, ADME/Tox screening, molecular docking and quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) were performed in silico. In vitro activity was evaluated by bioactivity staining based on the Ellman's method.ResultsIn the Lipinski filter and ADME/Tox screening, all test compounds produced positive results, but in the target fishing, only one flavonoid could successfully target AChE. Molecular docking was performed on this flavonoid, and this compound gained the score as ˗13.5762. From the QSAR analysis the IC50 was found to be 1659.59 nM. Again, 100 derivatives were generated from the parent compound and docking was performed. The derivative compound 20 was the best scorer, i.e. ˗31.6392 and IC50 was predicted as 6.025 nM.ConclusionResults indicated that flavonoids could be efficient inhibitors of AChE and thus, could be useful in the management of Alzheimer's disease. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preterm births and use of medication in early adulthood: a population‐based registry study
Authors: Engeland Anders , Bjørge Tone , Klungsøyr Kari , Skurtveit Svetlana , Furu Kari 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPurposeTo explore associations between preterm birth and use of medications in young adulthood as a proxy for different diseases.MethodsWe linked data on birth characteristics from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (1967–1999) and the Norwegian Prescription Database (2004–2015). Individuals born as singletons during 1974–1984 and alive at the age of 31 were included (main analyses) (n = 450 555). Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of using different medications were estimated by log‐binomial regression. Population attributable risk and attributable risk percentage (PAR% and AR%) due to preterm birth were calculated.ResultsIndividuals born preterm used more specific medications at age 30 than those born at term. The risks of being dispensed psychotropic medications overall and the subgroups antiepileptics, antipsychotics, anxiolytics and hypnotics were elevated in individuals born preterm. For attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder medications, the risk was elevated in males born extremely preterm (RR 5.8; 95%CI: 2.2–15). The risk of being dispensed antiasthmatics increased by shorter gestational ages. For psychotropic medications, PAR% was 0.6% in males and 0.7% in females at age 30; AR% was 13% in males and 17% in females. For antiasthmatics, the corresponding figures were 1.4, 1.1, 24 and 23%.ConclusionIndividuals born preterm used more psychotropic medications overall and antiasthmatics around age 30 than those born at term. The proportions using these medications increased for those born at earlier gestational ages. Those born preterm, especially before 32 weeks of gestation, should be given special attention during early adulthood regarding development of symptoms and signs of certain diseases. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Surface nanocrystalline Si structure and its surface passivation for highly efficient black Si solar cells
Authors: Imamura Kentaro , Irishika Daichi , Kobayashi Hikaru 
Published: February 2017

Abstract19.5% conversion efficiency crystalline silicon (Si) solar cells having simple structure without antireflection coating have been fabricated using the surface structure chemical transfer method which produces a nanocrystalline Si layer simply by contacting catalytic platinum with Si wafers in hydrogen peroxide plus hydrofluoric acid solutions. The reflectivity becomes less than 3% after the surface structure chemical transfer method due to formation of black Si. Deposition of phosphosilicate glass and heat treatment at 925 °C performed for formation of pn‐junction effectively passivate the nanocrystalline Si surface. With this phosphosilicate glass passivation plus the hydrogen treatment at 400 °C, the internal quantum efficiency is greatly improved and reaches 81% at a wavelength of 400 nm. Analysis of ellipsometry data shows that incident light with wavelength shorter than 400 nm is almost completely absorbed by the nanocrystalline Si layer. The high internal quantum efficiency for short wavelength light is attributed to effective surface passivation and the nanocrystalline Si layer band‐gap energy which decreases with the distance from the top of the network structure of the nanocrystalline Si layer. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predicting changes in adaptive functioning and behavioral adjustment following treatment for a pediatric brain tumor: A report from the Brain Radiation Investigative Study Consortium
Authors: Hoskinson Kristen R. , Wolfe Kelly R. , Yeates Keith Owen , Mahone E. Mark , Cecil Kim M. , Ris M. Douglas 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundChildren are at risk for behavioral and adaptive difficulties following pediatric brain tumor. This study explored whether familial/demographic, developmental, diagnostic, or treatment‐related variables best predict posttreatment behavioral and adaptive functioning.MethodsParticipants included 40 children (mean age = 12.76 years, SD = 4.01) posttreatment (mean time since diagnosis = 1.99 years, SD = 0.21) for pediatric brain tumor. Parents rated children's behavioral adjustment and adaptive functioning and provided demographic and developmental histories. Diagnostic and treatment‐related information was abstracted from medical records.ResultsRatings of adaptive and behavioral functioning approximately 2 years postdiagnosis were within the average range, although the percentage of children exceeding clinical cutoffs for impairment in adaptive skills exceeded expectation, particularly practical skills. Premorbid behavior problems and tumor size predicted posttreatment adaptive functioning. After accounting for adaptive functioning near diagnosis, premorbid behavior problems predicted declines in adaptive functioning 2 years postdiagnosis. After accounting for adjustment near diagnosis, no variables predicted declines in behavioral adjustment.ConclusionsChildren may be vulnerable to reduced adaptive functioning following pediatric brain tumor treatment, especially in practical skills. Assessing prediagnosis functioning and diagnostic and treatment‐related variables may improve our ability to predict those at greatest risk, although those factors may be less helpful in identifying children likely to develop behavioral difficulties. Screening of these factors in tertiary care and long‐term follow‐up settings may improve identification of those at greatest need for support services.
The relative influence of derivatization and normalization procedures on the compound‐specific stable isotope analysis of nitrogen in amino acids
Authors: Yarnes Christopher T. , Herszage Julian 
Published: February 2017

RationaleWithin the last decade, applications of compound‐specific stable isotope analysis of nitrogen (δ15N values) in amino acids (CSIA‐AA) have developed rapidly, particularly within organismal ecology. Unlike with bulk stable isotope analysis (BSIA), the reproducibility of δ15N‐AA measurements has not been critically assessed. Two primary concerns include the diversity of techniques available for the derivatization of amino acids prior to analysis by gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC/C/IRMS) and the myriad of standardization practices and quality assurance procedures used across studies.MethodsWe examined the relative effect of three normalization procedures, (1) internal reference calibration, (2) compound‐specific calibration, and (3) scale‐normalization, on the accuracy and precision of δ15N‐AA measurements by GC/C/IRMS and the comparability of δ15N‐AA measurements by two derivatization techniques, methoxycarbonylation‐esterification and acetylation‐esterification, across a range of organisms.ResultsThe overall accuracy and precision of δ15N‐AA measurements were improved following both compound‐specific calibration and scale‐normalization, as was the comparability of δ15N‐AA measurements of individual amino acids between derivatization techniques across organisms. The mean difference of scale‐normalized δ15N‐AA values across all organisms between the two derivatization techniques was 0.19‰, much less than the typical analytical error associated with δ15N‐AA measurements (±1‰).ConclusionsAdoption of standardized calibration procedures will be important to establishing reproducibility in δ15N‐AA measurements, particularly across derivatization techniques. It is both technically practical and desirable for users of CSIA‐AA to adopt practices in quality control and assessment similar to those outlined for BSIA, including the compound‐specific calibration of δ15N‐AA values, followed by scale‐normalization. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Energy efficiency on the product roadmap: An empirical study across releases of a software product
Authors: Jagroep Erik , Procaccianti Giuseppe , van der Werf Jan Martijn , Brinkkemper Sjaak , Blom Leen , van Vliet Rob 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn the quest for energy efficient Information and Communication Technology, research has mostly focused on the role of hardware.However, the impact of software on energy consumption has been acknowledged as significant by researchers in software engineering. In spite of that, due to cost and time constraints, many software producing organizations are unable to effectively measure software energy consumption preventing them to include energy efficiency in the product roadmap.In this paper, we apply a software energy profiling method to reliably compare the energy consumed by a commercial software product across 2 consecutive releases. We demonstrate how the method can be applied and provide an in‐depth analysis of energy consumption of software components. Additionally, we investigate the added value of these measurement for multiple stakeholders in a software producing organization, by means of semistructured interviews.Our results show how the introduction of an encryption module caused a noticeable increase in the energy consumption of the product. Such results were deemed valuable by the stakeholders and provided insights on how specific software changes might affect energy consumption. In addition, our interviews show that such a quantification of software energy consumption helps to create awareness and eventually consider energy efficiency aspects when planning software releases.
Vivimos la Revolución: los voceros del alvaradismo y el discurso de la memoria revolucionaria en Yucatán
Authors: Peña Alcocer Joed Amílcar 
Published: February 2017

Este trabajo analiza el papel de la literatura y el periodismo en la conformación de la memoria sobre la Revolución en Yucatán durante la administración de Salvador Alvarado, cuyo discurso político buscó posicionarla como una etapa histórica necesaria. De este mensaje se apropiaron intelectuales quienes, sin ser propagandistas oficiales, contribuyeron a forjar la historia y memoria de esta etapa, a través de sus novelas y artículos periodísticos. El discurso literario y periodístico basado en las experiencias de sus autores pronto se unió a la memoria colectiva de Yucatán.
Méthode de Glimm et problème mixte
Authors: Sablé-Tougeron Monique 
Published: February 2017

We clear the natural extension to initial-boundary value problems of the Glimm’s method of global existence for hyperbolic systems of conservation laws, with nonlinear general and exact boundary conditions.

Résumé
On dégage l’extension naturelle au problème mixte de la méthode de Glimm d’existence globale de solutions faibles de systèmes hyperboliques de lois de conservation, pour des conditions au bord non linéaires générales, vérifiées de façon exacte.
Analyse multi-résolution bi-orthogonale sur l’intervalle et applications
Authors: Jouini A. , Lemarie-Rieusset P.G. 
Published: February 2017

We present bi-orthogonal systems on

[0, 1]

, which are well-adapted to the study of the Sobolev spaces

H^k([0, 1])

and

\mathrm{H}_{0}^{k}([0,1])

(

k \in \mathbb{Z}

) and are provided through dyadic translations and dilatations from a finite number of basic functions. Those bases allow also the study of divergence-free vector functions on

[0, 1]^n

.

Résumé

Nous présentons des systèmes bi-orthogonaux sur

[0, 1]

adaptés à l’étude des espaces

H^k([0, 1])

et

\mathrm{H}_{0}^{k}([0,1])

(

k \in \mathbb{Z}

) et engendrés par translation et dilatation dyadiques à partir d’un nombre fini de fonctions de base. Ces bases permettent également l’étude des fonctions vectorielles à divergence nulle sur

[0, 1]^n

.
Blow-up behaviour of one-dimensional semilinear parabolic equations
Authors: Herrero M.A. , Velázquez J.J.L. 
Published: February 2017

Consider the Cauchy problem

\begin{cases}
u_{t}−u_{xx}−\mathrm{F}(u) = 0;\:\:&x \in ℝ,\:t > 0 \\
u(x,0) = u_{0}(x);\:\:&x \in ℝ
\end{cases}

where

u_0(x)

is continuous, nonnegative and bounded, and

F(u) = u^p

with

p > 1

, or

F(u) = e^u

. Assume that

u

blows up at

x = 0

and

t = T > 0

. In this paper we shall describe the various possible asymptotic behaviours of

u(x, t)

as

(x, t) → (0, T)

. Moreover, we shall show that if

u_0(x)

has a single maximum at

x = 0

and is symmetric,

u_0(x) = u_0(−x)

for

x > 0

, there holds

1) If

\mathrm{F}(u)=u^p

with

p > 1

, then

\begin{align*}
&\lim\limits_{t\uparrow \mathrm{T}} u\left(\xi((\mathrm{T}−t)|\log(\mathrm{T}−t)|)^{1/2},t\right) (\mathrm{T}−t)^{1/ (p−1)} \\
&\qquad = (p−1)^{−(1/(p−1))}\left[1 + \frac{(p−1)\xi^{2}}{4p}\right]^{−(1/(p−1))}
\end{align*}

uniformly on compact sets

|ξ| ≦ R

with

R > 0

,

2) If

F(u) = e^u

, then

\lim \limits_{t\uparrow \mathrm{T}}\left(u(\xi((\mathrm{T}−t)|\log (\mathrm{T}−t)|)^{1/ 2},t) + \log (\mathrm{T}−t)\right) = −\log\left[1 + \frac{\xi^2}{4}\right]

uniformly on compact sets

|ξ| ≦ R

with

R > 0

.

Résumé
On considère le problème de Cauchy

\begin{cases}
u_{t}−u_{xx}−\mathrm{F}(u) = 0;\:\:&x \in ℝ,\:t > 0 \\
u(x,0) = u_{0}(x);\:&x \in ℝ
\end{cases}

où

u_0(x)

est une fonction continue, non négative et bornée, et

F(u) = u^p

avec

p > 1

ou

F(u) = e^u

. Nous supposons que

u

explose au point

x = 0

en temps

T > 0

. Dans ce travail, nous obtenons tous les comportements asymptotiques possibles de la solution

u(x, t)

quand

(x, t) → (0, T)

.
Charles R. Scoggin, 1914-1944
Authors: Roberts Frank H. H. 
Published: February 2017

Among the many student archaeologists serving in the armed forces of the United States, one of the first to make the supreme sacrifice was 1st Lieutenant Charles R. Scoggin. He was killed in action on Anzio beachhead, Italy, Feb. 2, 1944.Lieutenant Scoggin, son of Dr. W. J. and Essie (Cartwright) Scoggin, was born July 10, 1914, at Bridgeport, Nebraska. He received his preliminary schooling at Chula Vista, California, and in 1927 moved with his parents to Ovid, Colorado, where he attended high school, graduating in 1931. Because of the depression, he was unable to continue his formal education at that time and in 1933 moved with his family to nearby Julesburg, Colorado. He was employed at Julesburg until the autumn of 1935 when he enrolled in the University of Colorado at Boulder. As it was necessary for him to work his way through college his attendance was irregular and he had not completed the hours requisite to a-degree when the tide of world events swept him on to grimmer tasks in the summer of 1942.
Responses to Geoffrey Wainwright's report ‘The Stonehenge we deserve’, Antiquity 74 (2000): 334–42
Authors: Baxter Ian , Chippindale Christopher , Fielden Kate , Kennet Wayland , Young Elizabeth 
Published: February 2017

In June this year, we published Geoffrey Wainwright's paper on ‘The Stonehenge we deserve'. This paper aimed to provide a review of progress towards sorting out the many problems of management, presentation and conservation of this World Heritage site and its landscape. As readers of ANTIQUITY are well aware, the fortunes of Stonehenge are intimately linked with politics, money and public opinion, and the long saga of possible solutions to make the site a better place for the future rest on these changing variables. Dr Wainwright outlined past strategies and the hope of future solutions as they were early this year. Already things have changed and the invited responses which we publish here discuss the recent changes of plan for Stonehenge. Baxter & Chippindale review the difficulties of the ‘current’ scheme and its incompatibility with visitor numbers. Fielden exposes the incompatibility of the A303 proposals for Stonehenge with legislation and planning; and Kennet & Young raise the problems of the various Plans and politics.We sent these responses to Dr Wainwright for his current view of the situation.
Layard's Nineveh and its remains
Authors: Reade Julian 
Published: February 2017

When in the 18th century European travellers passed through the obscure Ottoman provinces of Mosul and Baghdad, in what is now Iraq, they sometimes paused to contemplate the wreckage of Nineveh and Babylon. We know today that every Mesopotamian mound is an accumulation of history, but at the time it was far from obvious that significant relics of ancient civilizations, known on Biblical authority to have existed but at the same time condemned and destroyed by Divine justice, might still survive beneath the surface of the ground.In 1820 Claudius James Rich, British Resident in Baghdad, investigated Nineveh and heard of sculptures that had been found among the ruins, but it was 1836 before his widow published an account of his visit. That book was the catalyst for a phase of frantic exploration, between 1843 and 1855, which led ultimately to the discovery both of ancient Assyria and of an entire civilization, that of ancient Mesopotamia, which stretched back past Babylonians and Sumerians to the very evolution of writing and the dawn of history. The discoveries were more than academic. In 1848. when the first results began to be known in Great Britain, they helped undermine some of the fundamental assumptions of established society.
ON THE HOCHSCHILD HOMOLOGY OF INVOLUTIVE ALGEBRAS
Authors: FERNÀNDEZ-VALÈNCIA RAMSÈS , GIANSIRACUSA JEFFREY 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe study the homological algebra of bimodules over involutive associative algebras. We show that Braun's definition of involutive Hochschild cohomology in terms of the complex of involution-preserving derivations is indeed computing a derived functor: the ℤ/2-invariants intersected with the centre. We then introduce the corresponding involutive Hochschild homology theory and describe it as the derived functor of the pushout of ℤ/2-coinvariants and abelianization.
Avalanches of electrons in a gas
Authors: Steutel F. W. 
Published: February 2017

The motion of electrons through a gas of particles is modelled as a two-state process: an electron is alternatingly moving and being held captive by a non-moving particle, during exponentially distributed periods.
The model contains a parameter p, the probability that collision of an electron with a gas particle does not lead to its capture but produces an extra electron.
The quantity of interest is the current C(t) produced by the moving electrons, as a function of time.