bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low salivary secretory IgA levels correlate with hyperreactivity in children with autism
Authors: Sindelar M.T. , Furland N.E. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAutism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in communication and social skills as well as stereotypical behaviors. There are multiple lines of evidence, suggesting that the immune system is involved in autism. Since secretory IgA (SIgA) is the predominant antibody isotype in saliva and a marker of mucosal immunity, the aim of the study was to assess if the severity of clinical and behavioral parameters of autistic children was associated with low levels of sIgA in saliva.ObjectivesTo assess possible associations between salivary levels of sIgA and the severity of behavioral outcomes related to autism. In addition, were studied sIgA in saliva of children with autism and the frequency of respiratory tract infections diagnosed in the first 3 years of life.MethodsSaliva samples were obtained from 3–10 years old autistic children and age-matched typically developing Caucasian children from Patagonia, Argentina.ResultsAutistic children with reduced levels of salivary sIgA had a higher incidence of respiratory diseases compared to controls. The reduction in sIgA levels inversely correlated with the severity of the behavioral disorders. The patients with the most severe impairment in autism-related behaviors had the lowest levels of sIgA in the cohort studied.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that sIgA could be an early non-invasive indicator of the dysregulation of the immune system in some children with autism. Clearly, the characterization of immunological parameters has important implications for detection of subgroups of children with ASD, and should be considered when designing therapeutic strategies to treat behavioral impairments of ASD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) – intersections systematic review
Authors: Gomes Cano C. , Pires S. , Serrano A.C. 
Published: June 2017

Given the well-known overlap of symptoms and diagnosis criteria between attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD), recent studies have been made in this mental health research field. It is frequently observed that adults with a BPD diagnosis show a history of childhood ADHD symptoms, as well as a diagnosis for both diseases as adults. Even though many hypotheses have been presented, the nature of the relation between these two conditions is yet to be established. Thus, the authors consider the revision of the existing studies concerning how ADHD and BPD are related to be pertinent.PUBMED was used as a research source, with the search terms attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and borderline personality disorder. Thirteen studies showing different possibilities and association mechanisms between ADHD and BPD were eligible for revision. All the studies have shown a statistical association between both diseases.The data mostly support the hypotheses that the two perturbations correspond to the same disease in different stages of evolution; that both are different diseases sharing a common etymological basis; that both perturbations are synergic, mutually powering each other while in comorbidity or that childhood ADHD may be a precursor to BPD during adolescence/adulthood.The necessity for more studies becomes evident, namely about the influence of the precocious treatment for ADHD and the development of BPD in the future and other potential factors that may be involved in this association.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Determining the relation between the internet addiction in Turkish secondary school students and the perceived family support
Authors: Işık I. , Ergün G. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to determine the relation between the internet addiction levels of secondary school students and the perceived family support.MethodsThe study was conducted in the cross-sectional and descriptive design, and the data were collected from 3391 students who were studying at 5th and 7th grades at 23 secondary schools in the city of Burdur and its central villages. The Personal Information Form, the Internet Addiction Scale, and the Social Support Received from the Family Scale were used to collect the data. The data were collected between the dates 15.11.2013 and 15.01.2014. After the necessary explanations were made to the students, the informed consent form were sent to their parents/legal guardians, and the students who returned these forms were included in the study. The numbers, percentages, average values, and standard deviation, which are among the descriptive statistical methods, were used in evaluating the data. The Pearson correlation and regression analysis were applied between the continuous variables of the study.ResultsIt was observed in the study that 4.6% of the students had internet addiction at pathological level. The factors that influenced the internet addiction were determined as the social support received from the family, being male, low school success, weekly allowance being high, studying at senior grades, and going online frequently.ConclusionsWhen the study results are analyzed it is observed that the internet addiction in secondary school students in our country is at a rate that has to be taken seriously.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Telepsychiatry: The new reality of psychiatry in the future
Authors: Jain U. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundDo we need to work from offices in psychiatry? The clinical interface has been debated particularly in child and adolescent psychiatry with continued beliefs related to the differences in therapeutic alliance when compared to face-to-face practice. That literature clearly shows that telepsychiatry is equal in its therapeutic effects. But not much has been written about the other advantages of telepsychiatry, which may be intuitive but needs to be documented.MethodologyThe University of Toronto Telepsychiatry Program is the largest in the world with over 60 psychiatrists and 1400 sites. This is an anaectodal review of 25 years of practice using this medium outlining the advantages (ADV) and disadvantages (DADV) to this medium.ResultsADV: convenience from home, complete access to hospital files, physician safety during sessions, able to see multiple sites and include multisystem professionals including schools, cost effective (when compared to outreach psychiatry), simplicity of connection with minimal interference. DADV: novelty to client, quality of video to pick up very subtle nonverbal information, technical support required, capital cost to set up, mental health biases to technology.ConclusionThis technology is evolving. It is essential physicians understand the issues whether it be privacy, cost, utility and clinical application. The long-term impact will likely affect future practice and allow resource sensitive care to outlying areas with the ability to impact a country's mental health significantly. Health economic data is required for future research.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Yes we can – Positive CAMHS
Authors: Jansen P. 
Published: June 2017

Yes We Can Youth Clinics has fundamentally innovated (mental) health care for children and adolescents just by taking a different approach: the force of Positive Health!The WHO definition of Health, adopted in 1948 and since then never amended, has become obsolete: “Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.”A new, more positive definition ought to replace the obsolete.“The ability to adapt and self-manage physical, mental and social well-being challenges.”Different approachWHO.Health care is to be claimed unlimitedly, making sure you get better, free from symptoms, against any price, something you undergo and releases you from the responsibility to self-manage and recover.YES WE CAN.Care appealing to personal strength and possibilities. Care that also demands commitment, not a lack thereof. Care that apart from physical/mental functioning also deals with a spiritual dimension within a personal context. Care that deals with purpose (life goals) for both the patient and the caretaker.ConclusionYes We Can and Positive Health has been very successful:– perfect climate for recovery: e.g. role models, positive group dynamics, expert experience, no coercion or compulsion, structured healthy program;– focus on strength hand abilities, coping skills, learn what is important, moral, values;– system oriented: family therapy is mandatory;– after-care (helping back to school/work);– be Aware: old fellows help with prevention by visiting various schools.IllustrationVision of Yes We Can and life story of a fellow.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
The identifying of depression’ risk in students with impaired hearing and vision
Authors: Kupriyanova I. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe depressive states in adolescents have their specificity: they are often poorly understood by the children themselves as reduced mood and can be expressed in the growth of aggressive behaviour, stubbornness, oppositional behavior, care. Even the pre-clinical level of depression can have a significant negative impact on the lives of adolescents.MaterialsOne hundred and seventy-three visually and 139 hearing impaired students of correctional boarding schools, 7–18 years old.MethodsChildren's Depression Inventory (CDI) M. Kovacs, statistical (nonparametric test Mann–Whitney).ResultsAt 20.8% the increased and at 3.1% the high risk of depression was identified. For students with visual impairments often were characterized by significantly higher scores on a scale of “anhedonia” and “incompetence”. The girls revealed significantly higher scores for total scale depression, the scale “negative mood”, “interpersonal problems” and “negative self-esteem”.A comparative analysis of data, obtained by different researchers was held. There were no literature sources, which would have provided data about the level of depression of children with sensory impairments.ConclusionsChildren with sensory impairments have a greater risk of developing depression in comparison with pupils of general education schools. Therefore, a screening of children in this category on the level of depression should be obligatory in addition to clinical examination. The detected data must be taken into account in psychotherapeutic and preventive measures.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Behavioral disorder of adolescents with Prader–Willi SY
Authors: Tripkovic M. , Knez Kovačić S. , Bogadi M. , Bakija I. , Ropar S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe paper discusses the problem of psychiatric treatment of rare diseases and “diagnostic screening” of certain psychic symptoms that affect people with intellectual disabilities. Prader–Willi (PWS) is a genetic syndrome that belongs to a group of rare diseases and is caused by deficiency or loss of function of genes on chromosome 15 inherited from the father. This disease affects both sexes and its main characteristics are: obesity, hyperphagia, mental retardation and hypogonadism. Chronical feeling of insatiable hunger and slow metabolism leads to excessive body weight which is, according to existing date sources and monitoring studies, the primary cause of premature death of patients with PWS. Anxiety, psychomotor agitation, behavioral problems, difficulties with short-term memory, frequent skin injury in the form of wounds and bruises are the symptoms of this disease that hinder diagnosis and treatment. Research suggests that patients with PWS have unusual reactions to the standard drug dosages, specifically anxiolytics.AimWe shall present a multidisciplinary approach of pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment of a 16-year-old female patient with PWS.ResultThis patient responded well to a small dosage of quetiapine, at the same time monitoring other physical parametres. Pharmacotherapy, combined with psychotherapy, along with providing counseling and support for parents resulted in decreased psychomotor restlessness and, subsequently, better control of food intake and prevention of weight gain.ConclusionThis paper has emphasis on the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, as well as experience from clinical practice in the treatment of complex and rare syndrome diseases.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Underestimation of autism spectrum disorders according to DSM-5 criteria: A pilot study
Authors: Ferrara R. , Esposito M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionRecent studies on autism concern the number of individuals diagnosed with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) according to DSM-IV-TR who may no longer qualify for diagnoses under the new DSM-5 autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD is diagnosed using the impairments in two dimensions:– the social and communication dimension;– the restricted and repetitive interests and behaviors (RRIB) dimension whereas PDD is diagnosed using impairments in three dimensions.All the studies indicate between 50 and 75% of individuals will maintain diagnoses.ObjectivesThe aim of the study is to quantify how many individuals with previous PDD diagnoses under DSM-IV-TR criteria would maintain a diagnosis of ASD under DSM-5 criteria.MethodsOur sample consists of 23 cases (21 males, 2 female) related to the treatment Centre “Una breccia nel muro” of Rome and Salerno. All the cases previous received a PDD diagnose according to DSM-IV TR criteria. The mean age of cases was 7.7 years. All the cases were diagnosed by our team according to DSM-5 criteria, clinicians also used to make diagnoses: the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2, the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised.ResultsEighty-seven percent of cases with PDD were classified as ASD using DSM-5 criteria. Thirteen percent of cases, that previous received an Asperger diagnose, did not meet the ASD criteria (Fig. 1).ConclusionsDSM-5 criteria may easily exclude cases with high functioning from ASD because they tend to be atypical for ASD according to this study.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Pattern of online technology and its impact on productivity at workplace
Authors: Gupta H. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundInternet use has affected the pattern of working style at the workplace. Recent years have seen an increased use of online activities (especially pornography/gaming) at the workplace. It has been shown to affect productivity at the workplace. There is a dearth of literature from the Indian context in this area.AimThis study was conducted to explore the pattern of pornography use and gaming at the workplace and its dysfunctions.Setting and designThe present study was a cross-sectional prospective study.Materials and methodsThe objective of the study was to assess the pattern of pornography use at the workplace. Five hundred employees having experience of internet use for more than a year of various government/private sector organizations in Bengaluru were assessed using background data sheet, DSM-5 criteria, internet addiction test and pornography addiction screening instrument. Users who were unwilling to participate were excluded from the study.ResultsSeven to 9% reported preference for Internet to work, meals, personal hygiene, sleep, and interaction with family members and effects on productivity. Three to 4% have excessive use of pornography and game.ConclusionsThe present study has implications for evolving psychoeducational modules for the promotion of healthy use of technology.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
The connection between drugs of abuse and personality disorders
Authors: Barylnik Y. , Abrosimova J. , Pakhomova S. , Samoylova D. , Kolesnichenko E. , Antonova A. , Bachilo E. , Deeva M. , Filippova N. , Sizov S. , Paraschenko A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPatients who are suffering from different type of drugs have special individual and psychological problems. These changes are important for regulation and to control their behaviour.ObjectivesTo study the psychological characteristics and personal resources of the patients who are suffering from abuse of drugs.MethodsFifty patients were studied, 63.3% men and 36.7% women and in the ages of 18–21 years. Following psychodiagnostic methods are used: Kettel's sixteen personality factor test, Leonhard-Shmishek's personality test, scale of reactive and personal anxiety Spielberger-Hanin.ResultsAmount those patients were suffering from different type of drugs: synthetic cannabinoids-66.7%, 20% were dependent on synthetic cathinone and 13.3% were dependent on opiates (heroin). According to Leonhard-Shmishek's scales, the most often of personality disorders were dysthymic type, hyperthymic type and explosive type. According to Kettel's scale were indicated the leading individually-psychological properties in more than half of the subjects is the development of abstract thinking, free thinking, impulsiveness, lack of confidence to the authorities, the high emotional tension, emotional instability and irresponsibility. An analysis of global factors indicative of the severity indices of extraversion. According to Spielberger-Hanin's scale, 80% of patients with substance abuse had mild level of situational and personal anxiety, which can be identified as an important psychotherapeutic resource.ConclusionsAccording to scales, the most often of personality disorders were dysthymic type, hyperthymic type and explosive type. Eighty percent of patients with drug abuse had mild level of situational and personal anxiety. This feature is main of predictor as an important psychotherapeutic resource.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Bipolar disorder and co-occurring cannabis use disorders
Authors: Mustapha S. Ben , Homri W. , Jouini L. , Labbane R. 
Published: June 2017

AimsAssess the prevalence of cannabis use disorders (CUD) in patients with bipolar disorder, describe the demographic and clinical profile socio bipolar patients with comorbid addictive and assess the implications of this comorbidity on prognosis and evolution of bipolar disorder.MethodsA case-control study, 100 euthymic patients treated for bipolar disorder, recruited in the department of psychiatry C of Razi hospital. Two groups were individualized by the presence or not of cannabis use disorders comorbidity. The two groups were compared for sociodemographic, clinical, therapeutic and historical characteristics.ResultsThe prevalence of CUD was 27.53% (n = 19) in our sample. Comparing bipolar patients according to the presence or absence of CUD, we found the following results with patients with CUD comorbidity: younger, mostly male, a disturbed family dynamic, low educational level, poor socio-economic conditions, more time abroad history, more suicide attempts in history, more criminal record, more psychiatric family history, an earlier onset of the disease, a longer duration of undiagnosed bipolar disorder, more personality disorder, more frequent presence of a triggering factor for bipolar disorder, more psychotic features during mood episodes, more need of antipsychotic long-term treatment.ConclusionsThe frequency of CUD in BD is higher than the prevalence in the general population and CUD is a factor in the evolution and prognosis of bipolar disorder and promotes the development of mood disorders in predisposed patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
One-year changes in psychiatric disorders following bariatric surgery
Authors: Bianciardi E. , Giorgio D.L. , Cinzia N. , Flavia G. , Paolo G. , Alberto S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPsychiatric disorders in obese patients range from 20% to 60%, with a lifetime prevalence as high as 70%. Bariatric surgery (BS) is an effective therapy for long-term weight control and ameliorates comorbidities. After BS, psychiatric outcomes are still a matter of controversy. Moreover, while psychosocial pre-surgical evaluation is mandatory, post-operatively psychiatric follow-up programs are lacking. Aim of this prospective study was to examine changes in psychiatric symptoms and weight over 1 year of follow-up among a population of individuals submitted to BS.MethodsOne hundred forty eight participants were enrolled, 98 women and 50 men; mean age was 46 (SD = 10.7), and mean BMI was 46 (SD = 7.7). Clinical interview and self-report instruments were administered before and one year after BS. Depressive symptoms were measured using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Binge Eating Disorder was measured using Binge Eating Scale (BES).ResultsOne year after surgery 86% of patients achieved a percentage excess weight loss (%EWL) ≥40%. Rate of psychiatric comorbidities declined from 41% at pre-surgery to 12% at 1 year post-surgery, P = 0.01. BDI mean score declined from 12 to 8, P > 0.000. After BS, binge eating, depressive symptoms, and age were independent and significant predictors of %EWL (F6,523 = 79.599, P < 0.0001, adjR2 = 0.471).ConclusionsWe reported an improvement of psychiatric symptoms through 1 year after BS. Post surgical binge eating disorder and depression were associated with less weight loss after surgery, adding to the literature suggesting that psychiatric disorder after surgery, unlike pre-surgery, are related to suboptimal weight loss.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Therapeutic patient education: A solution to the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome in psychiatry
Authors: Bailly A. , Fau L. , Lourioux C. , Gramaje N. , Mechain A. , Arnaud A. , Pillot-meunier F. 
Published: June 2017

Introduction/objectivesObesity and overweight are major public health issues. Obesity is a risk factor associated with many non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, certain types of cancers, musculoskeletal disorders and cardiovascular, dermatological or gastroenterological diseases. Patients with severe psychiatric disorders have a higher risk of developing overweight or obesity than the general population. The risk of obesity in schizophrenics patients can be multiplied by a factor ranging from 2.8 to 3.5. Patients suffering from mood disorder have sightly lower risk of obesity, however we still consider a factor ranging from 1.2 to 1.5. This significant weight gain can be partly explained by medication.MethodsThe hospital centre Le Vinatier, in France, has developed a therapeutic patient education program in helping patients to self-manage their preventable disease. In order to tackle the multifaceted nature of obesity, the program used the expertise of many different professionals: general practitioners, dieticians, dentists, physical adapted education teachers, pharmacists, nurses and so on. This programme is provided for patients suffering from obesity or an overweight complicated by diabetes, or/and metabolic syndrome, and/or history of cardiovascular diseases or/and a failure of a dietary monitoring. The program includes individual care and collective workshops in nutrition, oral heath, body image, adapted physical education, and roundtable.Results/conclusionsA retrospective study has already shown that this therapeutic patient education program, like others before, presented better results than dietary consultations. A prospective study is currently being carried out to validate these results in the long term and to demonstrate the benefit associated to this program.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.