bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El diálogo transdisciplinario un enfoque de abordaje del cambio climático
Authors: Alfaro Mardones Juan Ignacio , Fernández Hernández Carmen De Jesús , González García Manuel De Jesús 
Published: May 2016

La transdisciplinariedad es una forma de generación del conocimiento dialogada. Los saberes tradicionales de las ciencias naturales y de las ciencias sociales debaten abiertamente con la experiencia empírica acumulada en las personas y organizaciones sociales. Mediante este diálogo a universidad y las organizaciones campesinas buscan estrategias de adaptación al cambio climático que les permita mejorar sus condiciones de vida y augurar un futuro para sus familias. Este artículo describe una fase del diálogo transdisciplinar del II semestre del 2014, a partir de un mapeo de las parcelas y la construcción de las memorias comunitarias. El reconocimiento en la responsabilidad por la destrucción de la tierra y la reflexión sobre la vida de esa tierra permite pensar en estrategias para sobrevivir con la destrucción y cuidar esa vida. La identificación en cada comunidad de los niveles de vulnerabilidad y de resiliencia de cada parcela abre la puerta a planes de finca que enfoquen la transformación productiva a una estrategia familiar y organizacional de desarrollo humano y adaptación al cambio climático.
Evaluación de parámetros de crecimiento en plántulas de Cedrela odorata bajo diferentes condiciones hídricas y su adaptación en sustratos degradados
Authors: Altimira Jordi , Arnal Anaïs , Boada Marc , Casanova Cristian , Herrero Jordi , Boada Martí , Herrera Herrera Alejandrina , Ruiz Verónica 
Published: May 2016

La desforestación del bosque seco tropical se ha convertido en uno de los mayores problemas ambientales de Nicaragua de las últimas décadas. Esta pérdida de masas boscosas ha supuesto una reducción de los recursos naturales esenciales para la población, tales como madera, alimentos y agua. La elevada explotación de Cedrela odorata (cedro real) para su aprovechamiento maderable ha situado a esta especie como vulnerable en la lista roja de la IUCN. Este estudio pretende brindar información sobre la capacidad de C. odorata de crecer en sustratos degradados y bajo condiciones hídricas eventualmente diferentes, resultantes del cambio climático. Para ello se evaluó el efecto de dos factores sobre la germinación y el crecimiento de plántulas de C. odorata, siendo estos: tres tipos de sustrato y cinco cantidades de agua. Los sustratos que se seleccionaron fueron de finca ganadera, de finca agrícola y de bosque seco tropical (control). Los riegos establecidos fueron, en base a la precipitación media del rodal: 50%, 75%, 100% (control), 150% y 200%. En total, se establecieron quince tratamientos combinación de los dos factores. Los resultados muestran que C. Odorata tiene buena capacidad para crecer en sustratos degradados con pluviometrías de alrededor de 1200 mm/año y hasta un 50% inferiores. C. Odorata tiene dificultades para germinar con pluviometrías superiores a las actuales, especialmente en suelos con escassa capacidad de infiltración. El crecimiento de C. odorata con pluviometrías superiores a los 1200 mm/año presenta un insuficiente desarrollo radicular que le dificultaría la supervivencia durante la estación seca.
Age-Dependent Effect of Pediatric Cardiac Progenitor Cells After Juvenile Heart Failure
Authors: Agarwal Udit , Smith Amanda W. , French Kristin M. , Boopathy Archana V. , George Alex , Trac David , Brown Milton E. , Shen Ming , Jiang Rong , Fernandez Janet D. , Kogon Brian E. , Kanter Kirk R. , Alsoufi Baahaldin , Wagner Mary B. , Platt Manu O. , Davis Michael E. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Children with congenital heart diseases have increased morbidity and mortality, despite various surgical treatments, therefore warranting better treatment strategies. Here we investigate the role of age of human pediatric cardiac progenitor cells (hCPCs) on ventricular remodeling in a model of juvenile heart failure. hCPCs isolated from children undergoing reconstructive surgeries were divided into 3 groups based on age: neonate (1 day to 1 month), infant (1 month to 1 year), and child (1 to 5 years). Adolescent athymic rats were subjected to sham or pulmonary artery banding surgery to generate a model of right ventricular (RV) heart failure. Two weeks after surgery, hCPCs were injected in RV musculature noninvasively. Analysis of cardiac function 4 weeks post-transplantation demonstrated significantly increased tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and RV ejection fraction and significantly decreased wall thickness and fibrosis in rats transplanted with neonatal hCPCs compared with saline-injected rats. Computational modeling and systems biology analysis were performed on arrays and gave insights into potential mechanisms at the microRNA and gene level. Mechanisms including migration and proliferation assays, as suggested by computational modeling, showed improved chemotactic and proliferative capacity of neonatal hCPCs compared with infant/child hCPCs. In vivo immunostaining further suggested increased recruitment of stem cell antigen 1-positive cells in the right ventricle. This is the first study to assess the role of hCPC age in juvenile RV heart failure. Interestingly, the reparative potential of hCPCs is age-dependent, with neonatal hCPCs exerting the maximum beneficial effect compared with infant and child hCPCs.

Significance
Stem cell therapy for children with congenital heart defects is moving forward, with several completed and ongoing clinical trials. Although there are studies showing how children differ from adults, few focus on the differences among children. This study using human cardiac progenitor cells shows age-related changes in the reparative ability of cells in a model of pediatric heart failure and uses computational and systems biology to elucidate potential mechanisms.
Excesso de peso em usuários de unidades básicas de saúde
Authors: Silva Eduardo Alves da , Silva Rebeca Lima e , Conceição Romilda Pereira da , Zinhani Daniela Queiroz , Salgueiro Marcia Maria Hernandes de Abreu de Oliveira 
Published: May 2016

Introdução: O conhecimento sobre estado nutricional da população norteia o estabelecimento de políticas públicas em saúde. Objetivo: Avaliar o estado nutricional e as características sociodemográficas de usuários das unidades básicas de saúde (UBSs) de Carapicuíba, São Paulo. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 384 adultos distribuídos em 13 UBSs do município. Foram coletados dados quanto a idade, gênero, escolaridade, informações para a classificação econômica, estado civil, circunferência da cintura (CC), peso e estatura para cálculo do índice de massa corporal (IMC). Resultados: A idade média foi de 40,18+10,51 anos, houve maior prevalência de indivíduos casados (60,36%), de classe social C (64,71%) e com ensino médio completo (48,08%). O IMC médio foi 28,42 kg/m², e a CC, de 94,09 cm. Observa-se que 31,97% estão em sobrepeso e 37,85% são obesos. Quanto à CC, 16,11% apresentam risco aumentado e 64,2% risco aumentado substancialmente para doença metabólica. As mulheres casadas possuem IMC (p=0,0054) e CC (p=0,0279) maiores que as mulheres solteiras. Mulheres têm CC maior que os homens (p<0,0001). Homens de classes A e B têm CC maior que homens de classe C e D (p=0,0027). Não houve associação entre a escolaridade e o IMC e a CC entre as mulheres nem entre os homens (p>0,05). Conclusão: O excesso de peso foi encontrado com frequência em todos os grupos de renda. As mulheres casadas apresentaram IMC e CC maiores que as solteiras. Os homens de classe econômica alta têm CC maior que os de classe baixa.
Síndrome de Fanconi induzida pelo uso de Tenofovir em pessoa coinfectada HIV-Hepatite B multirresistente
Authors: Planello Jéssica Freitas , Marcelino Daniela Chinelato , Cypriani Rafael , Souto Bernardino Geraldo Alves 
Published: May 2016

Introdução: A coinfecção vírus da Hepatite B-vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV-HBV) é comum e o Tenofovir (TDF) é droga de eleição porque age contra os dois vírus ao mesmo tempo. Porém, em cerca de 1% dos casos pode induzir Síndrome de Fanconi (SF), levando à insuficiência renal. Relato do caso: Em um homem coinfectado HIV-HBV, com a replicação do HIV controlada, o vírus da Hepatite B foi resistente a todos os fármacos disponíveis, exceto ao TDF. Vinte e dois meses após tratamento antirretroviral composto com esse medicamento, o qual controlou a replicação dos dois vírus ao mesmo tempo, desenvolveu insuficiência renal com perda de solutos reabsorvíveis em túbulo contornado proximal, diagnosticada como SF induzida por TDF. Diante do dilema de suspender o TDF para preservar o rim e permitir a replicação do HBV, ou manter o TDF para preservar o fígado e aceitar a degeneração renal, optouse por balancear o tratamento segundo o melhor equilíbrio possível entre a replicação do HBV e a preservação do rim, ajustando-se a posologia dos medicamentos de acordo com os indicadores clínicos e laboratoriais do risco hepático e do funcionamento renal. Conclusão: A única possibilidade terapêutica disponível atualmente para pessoas coinfectadas HIV-HBV multirresistente que desenvolvem insuficiência renal por TDF consiste no ajuste da dose do TDF segundo o clearance de creatinina, no tratamento sintomático, na reposição de perdas urinárias com repercussão metabólica e no monitoramento clínico e laboratorial da infecção pelo HIV, da Hepatite B, da insuficiência renal e da remodelação óssea.
Composition of thin Ta2O5 films deposited by different methods and the effect of humidity on their resistive switching behavior
Authors: Mannequin Cedric , Tsuruoka Tohru , Hasegawa Tsuyoshi , Aono Masakazu 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The resistive switching behavior of Cu/Ta2O5/Pt atomic switches, in which the Ta2O5 film was deposited by electron-beam (EB) evaporation and radio-frequency sputtering (SP), was investigated under different relative humidity (RH) levels. Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements revealed that both films possess the oxygen-rich composition and higher water absorption capability of EB films. The Cu/Ta2O5-SP/Pt cell showed a stable, nonvolatile switching behavior in the observed RH range, whereas the Cu/Ta2O5-EB/Pt cell exhibited a similar behavior up to 50% RH, but altered from nonvolatile to volatile switching at higher RH levels. The observed volatile switching behavior of the Cu/Ta2O5-EB/Pt cell can be explained by increased ion migration, assisted by absorbed water and/or proton conduction in hydrated environments. The results indicate that the water uptake ability of the matrix film plays a crucial role in determining the resistive switching behavior of oxide-based atomic switches.
Humidity effects on the redox reactions and ionic transport in a Cu/Ta2O5/Pt atomic switch structure
Authors: Tsuruoka Tohru , Valov Ilia , Mannequin Cedric , Hasegawa Tsuyoshi , Waser Rainer , Aono Masakazu 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Redox reactions at the Cu/Ta2O5 interface and subsequent Cu ion transport in a Ta2O5 film have been investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements. Under positive bias to the Cu electrode, Cu is preferentially oxidized to Cu2+ and then to Cu+. Subsequent negative bias causes a reduction of the oxidized Cu ions at the interface. It was found that CV curves change drastically with varied relative humidity levels from 5 to 85%. At higher humidity levels, the ion concentrations and diffusion coefficients, estimated from the CV curves, suggest increased redox reaction rates and a significant contribution of proton conduction to the ionic transport. The results indicate that the redox reactions of moisture are rate-limiting and highlight the importance of water uptake by the matrix oxide film in understanding and controlling the resistive switching behavior of oxide-based atomic switches.
Effects of African dust deposition on phytoplankton in the western tropical Atlantic Ocean off Barbados
Authors: Chien Chia‐Te , Mackey Katherine R. M. , Dutkiewicz Stephanie , Mahowald Natalie M. , Prospero Joseph M. , Paytan Adina 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBioassay incubation experiments conducted with nutrients and local atmospheric aerosol amendments indicate that phosphorus (P) availability limited phytoplankton growth in the low‐nutrient low‐chlorophyll (LNLC) ocean off Barbados. Atmospheric deposition provides a relatively large influx of new nutrients and trace metals to the surface ocean in this region in comparison to other nutrient sources. However, the impact on native phytoplankton is muted due to the high ratio of nitrogen (N) to P (NO3:SRP > 40) and the low P solubility of these aerosols. Atmospheric deposition induces P limitation in this LNLC region by adding more N and iron (Fe) relative to P. This favors the growth of Prochlorococcus, a genus characterized by low P requirements and highly efficient P acquisition mechanisms. A global three‐dimensional marine ecosystem model that includes species‐specific phytoplankton elemental quotas/stoichiometry and the atmospheric deposition of N, P, and Fe supports this conclusion. Future increases in aerosol N loading may therefore influence phytoplankton community structure in other LNLC areas, thereby affecting the biological pump and associated carbon sequestration.
Occurrence and characteristics of nighttime ULF waves at low latitude: The results of a comprehensive analysis
Authors: Villante Umberto , Tiberi Pietro 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe occurrence and characteristics of ULF events (f ≈ 10–100 mHz) detected during the night at low latitude (L'Aquila, Italy, λ ≈ 36.3°), during quiet and moderately perturbed magnetospheric conditions, have been examined by means of a long‐term analysis between 1996 and 2012. Clearly defined events (≈8000 on each component) are typically more energetic in H than in D and basically consist of penetrating upstream waves, resonances of local field lines, and Pi2 waves. The global event occurrence shows a strong asymmetry about midnight, with a much higher wave activity before dawn than after dusk: it mostly comes from the intense penetration of upstream waves through the dawn flank of the magnetopause. D events are more frequent in summer and H events more frequent in winter, suggesting a different influence of the ionospheric modification of the downgoing signals. Between f ≈ 30 and 45 mHz, the reversal of the dominant polarization across midnight reveals tailward propagation of penetrating waves. Below f ≈ 25 mHz, intermingled with continuous Pc3 and Pc4 waves, a large fraction of events exhibit Pi2 characteristics: the dominant left‐handed polarization and the switch of the tilt angle of the major axis of the polarization ellipses are consistent with the pattern expected for waves related to the substorm current wedge. A relevant percentage of the power spectra shows a second enhancement above f ≈ 55 mHz, revealing resonance of local field lines also during the night.
Detecting significant decreasing trends of land surface soil moisture in eastern China during the past three decades (1979–2010)
Authors: Chen Xiuzhi , Su Yongxian , Liao Jishan , Shang Jiali , Dong Taifeng , Wang Chongyang , Liu Wei , Zhou Guoyi , Liu Liyang 
Published: May 2016

AbstractUnderstanding the historical trends and driving mechanism of China's soil moisture change is an important step in combating climate change. Using the time series satellite‐derived Essential Climate Variable Soil Moisture (ECV_SM) product, we detected a significant decrease trend in land surface soil moisture in eastern China over a 32 year period (1979–2010). Theoretical sensitivity analysis suggested that soil moisture is regulated collectively by precipitation (P), potential evapotranspiration (PET), land surface conditions such as land cover/use changes, landscape features, irrigation and urban expansion, (m), and the water balance between input and output water supplies O (the input water supplies minus the output). The change in spatial pattern and temporal trend of P/PET is highly consistent with the corresponding change in soil moisture. The magnitude of soil moisture variation is also well correlated with that of P/PET (R2 = 0.43; p < 0.001). Therefore, P/PET is believed to be the dominant factor in determining the temporal trends of soil moisture change. Among the 29 drainage basins with significant decreasing trend of soil moisture change, the areas of forest cover increased by 36.08% and the average topographic slope was twice steeper than that of other regions. Therefore, besides the climate factor (P/PET variable), land surface conditions (such as land cover changes and topographic) also played important roles in regulating the trend of regional soil moisture change.
Stratospheric age of air variations between 1600 and 2100
Authors: Muthers S. , Kuchar A. , Stenke A. , Schmitt J. , Anet J. G. , Raible C. C. , Stocker T. F. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe current understanding of preindustrial stratospheric age of air (AoA), its variability, and the potential natural forcing imprint on AoA is very limited. Here we assess the influence of natural and anthropogenic forcings on AoA using ensemble simulations for the period 1600 to 2100 and sensitivity simulations for different forcings. The results show that from 1900 to 2100, CO2 and ozone‐depleting substances are the dominant drivers of AoA variability. With respect to natural forcings, volcanic eruptions cause the largest AoA variations on time scales of several years, reducing the age in the middle and upper stratosphere and increasing the age below. The effect of the solar forcing on AoA is small and dominated by multidecadal total solar irradiance variations, which correlate negatively with AoA. Additionally, a very weak positive relationship driven by ultraviolett variations is found, which is dominant for the 11 year cycle of solar variability.
Toward reconciling the influence of atmospheric aerosols and greenhouse gases on light precipitation changes in Eastern China
Authors: Wang Yuan , Ma Po‐Lun , Jiang Jonathan H. , Su Hui , Rasch Philip J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe attribution of the observed shift in precipitation extremes to different forcing agents represents a critical issue for understanding changes in the hydrological cycle. To compare the effects of aerosols and greenhouse gases on the historical trends of precipitation intensity, we have performed the National Center for Atmospheric Research/Department of Energy Community Atmosphere Model version 5.3 (CAM5) model simulations from 1950 to 2005 driven by observed sea surface temperature and sea ice with and without anthropogenic aerosol forcings. Precipitation rates at every model time step in CAM5 are used to construct precipitation intensity probability distribution functions. We found that the accumulation of greenhouse gases is responsible for the shifts in precipitation intensity on the global scale. However, in Eastern China, dramatic increases in anthropogenic aerosols appear to account for most of the observed light precipitation suppression since 1950s. Under the warming climate induced by greenhouse gases, the enhanced ascending motions primarily lead to the decreases in light precipitation frequency and increases in moderate and heavy precipitation frequencies over the tropics, but there is no significant change in ascending motions in Eastern China only due to the greenhouse gas forcing. By modifying cloud microphysical properties and warm rain processes, aerosol microphysical effects dominate over aerosol radiative effects in determining the historical trend of precipitation intensity distribution in Eastern China.
Variability of the nitric oxide nightglow at Venus during solar minimum
Authors: Royer E. M. , Montmessin F. , Marcq E. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe present results from a NO airglow inversion method based on Venus Express data acquired from 2006 to 2010, during the last solar minimum period. We retrieve an altitude of 114 ± 10 km for the emission peak of the NO layer, with an associated scale height of 20 ± 10 km and an average limb brightness of 59.3 kR with a standard deviation of 63 kR. The inversion method allows for the quantification of the horizontal homogeneity of the NO layer. Images of the SPICAV field of view show a great variability of airglow morphologies, with NO layers that can be horizontally homogenous and continuous over distances exceeding 100 km, as well as sporadic patches of NO on a smaller horizontal scale. Frequent secondary emissions seen at lower tangent altitudes are the signatures of the complex dynamics of the upper Venusian atmosphere.
Reply to comment by Schottler et al. on “Climate and agricultural land use change impacts on streamflow in the upper midwestern United States”
Authors: Gupta Satish C. , Kessler Andrew C. , Brown Melinda K. , Schuh William M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn their comments, Schottler et al. (doi:10.1002/2015WR018482) raised concerns about our technique for deciphering climate and land use land cover (LULC) change impacts on streamflow in the upper Midwestern United States. In this reply, we further explain the underpinnings of our statistical technique and point out criticism on the procedures that Schottler et al. (doi:10.1002/2015WR018482; doi:10.1002/hyp.9738) used in their comment.
Enhancement in Mechanical, Thermal, and Dielectric Properties of Functionalized Graphene Oxide Reinforced Epoxy Composites
Authors: Suresh Kumar S. M. , Subramanian K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe present work has the objective of fabricating graphene oxide (GO) and amine‐functionalized graphene oxide (F‐GO) reinforced epoxy composites using the casting method. Epoxy resin was dispersed separately with GO (0.5 wt%) and F‐GO (0.5 and 1 wt%), and then the epoxy resin mixture cured with triethylenetetraamine at room temperature. The synthesized GO and F‐GO were characterized by FT‐IR and Raman spectroscopy. The interfacial interaction of Si in the composite was studied by XPS. The formation of GO and F‐GO was confirmed by XRD. The tensile and flexural strength composites were measured using the UTM. The thermal behavior and dynamic mechanical behavior were examined by TGA and DMA. The surface morphology and dielectrical properties were analyzed by SEM, TEM, and impedance analyses. The results obtained from epoxy/F‐GO (0.5 wt%) composite revealed higher mechanical and thermal properties than neat epoxy and epoxy/GO composites.
Polyelectrolytes with tetrazole pendant groups useful in the stabilization of Au and Ag nanoparticles
Authors: Caldera‐Villalobos M. , Herrera‐González Ana M. , García‐Serrano J. , Martins‐Alho M. A. , Montalvo‐Sierra M. I. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTStabilization of metallic nanoparticles is a challenge of enormous dimensions because the nanosize nanoparticles are not stable by themselves and therefore they tend to coalesce, forming large agglomerates causing the loss of the properties of individual nanoparticles. In this work, we report the synthesis of polyelectrolytes with tetrazole groups useful as stabilizing agents of Au and Ag nanoparticles. The polyelectrolytes with tetrazole groups were synthetized from the appropriate starting materials with nitrile groups, which were successfully converted to the corresponding 1H‐tetrazole rings using 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition with ammonium azide. These new materials were characterized by NMR and FT‐IR techniques and they were used for the stabilization of Au and Ag colloidal nanoparticles at room temperature, using sodium borohydride as reducing agent. Formation and stabilization processes of the nanoparticles were monitored by UV‐vis spectroscopy. Shape and size of nanoparticles were studied by TEM. The polyelectrolytes with tetrazole pendant group are suitable materials for synthesis and stabilization of gold nanoparticles, obtaining average sizes lower than 10 nm. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43773.