bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between body mass index and outcome in Japanese ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Kawase Shinya , Kowa Hisanori , Suto Yutaka , Fukuda Hiroki , Kusumi Masayoshi , Nakayasu Hiroyuki , Nakashima Kenji 
Published: January 2016

AimAn association between body mass index (BMI) and stroke outcome have been reported, but the results are controversial. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether BMI is associated with ischemic stroke outcome.MethodsConsecutive Japanese acute ischemic stroke patients were analyzed. BMI was categorized as underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) and obese (≥25 kg/m2). BMI and short‐term and long‐term outcomes were examined. Short‐term outcomes were evaluated using the modified Rankin scale score at hospitalization and discharge; modified Rankin scale ≥3 was defined as a poor outcome. Long‐term outcomes were evaluated by all‐cause mortality. The recurrence rate was also evaluated in each BMI group. Values of P < 0.05 were considered significant.ResultsA total of 1206 acute ischemic stroke patients (760 men; mean age 72.5 years) were analyzed in the present study. There were 111 underweight cases (9.2%), 785 normal weight cases (65.1%) and 310 obese cases (25.7%). The underweight group had a significantly higher rate of poor short and long‐term outcomes than the normal weight group. The outcomes of the obese group were not significantly different from those of the normal weight group. Recurrence was not significantly different among the groups.ConclusionsLower BMI might be a predictor of poorer short‐term and long‐term stroke outcomes. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 369–374.
A concordance of self‐reported and performance‐based assessments of mobility as a mortality predictor for older Mexican Americans
Authors: Nam Sanggon , Al Snih Soham , Markides Kyriakos S 
Published: January 2016

AimTo assess the efficacy in mortality prediction of a concordance of performance‐based (timed 10‐foot walk; performance‐oriented mobility assessment [POMA]) and self‐rated (reported ability to walk across a small room with no help from people or devices; activities of daily living [ADL]) assessments of mobility for Mexican Americans aged 75 years and older.MethodsA longitudinal study of 2069 participants aged 75 years and older from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly wave 5 (June 2004 to January 2006) and wave 6 (February 2007 to February 2008) was carried out. Sociodemographic variables, performance‐based (timed 10‐foot walk) and self‐rated assessments (reported ability to walk across a small room without the help of any people or devices) of mobility, and mortality data were obtained.ResultsThe ADL/POMA concordance assessment showed a prevalence of the “positively concordant” group (completed the walk and reported being able to walk, ADL and POMA both positive), followed by the “pessimist,” “optimist,” and “negatively concordant” groups at 80.09%, 10.50%, 3.78% and 5.63%, respectively. Logistic regression analyses showed that “negatively concordant” was a critical mortality predictor (OR 4.80; 95% CI 2.59–8.90) followed by “pessimist” (OR 1.94; 95% CI 1.12–3.36) as compared with the reference group, “positively concordant.”ConclusionThe ADL/POMA concordance is an effective predictor of mortality for older Mexican Americans in the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 433–439.
Significant frequency of MSH2/MSH6 abnormality in ovarian endometrioid carcinoma supports histotype‐specific Lynch syndrome screening in ovarian carcinomas
Authors: Rambau Peter F , Duggan Máire A , Ghatage Prafull , Warfa Khadija , Steed Helen , Perrier Renee , Kelemen Linda E , Köbel Martin 
Published: January 2016

AimsLynch syndrome screening in ovarian carcinoma is controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) protein in a retrospective cohort enriched for non‐high‐grade serous carcinomas and its association with outcome within histological types.Methods and resultsTissue microarrays representing 612 ovarian carcinomas were tested for mismatch repair proteins (MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6) by immunohistochemistry. dMMR was detected in 13.8% of endometrioid and 2.4% of clear cell carcinomas, but not in other histological types. Within endometrioid carcinomas, 11 of 25 dMMR cases showed abnormal MLH1/PMS2, 10 cases showed abnormal MSH2/MSH6, and four cases showed only abnormal MSH6, indicating that at least 7.7% of endometrioid carcinomas have dMMR probably related to Lynch syndrome. The four dMMR clear cell carcinomas showed abnormal MSH2/MSH6 in three cases and only abnormal MSH6 in one case, all probably related to Lynch syndrome. Within endometrioid carcinomas, dMMR was significantly associated with age <50 years, synchronous endometrial endometrioid carcinoma, a higher CA125 level at diagnosis, higher FIGO grade, absence of ARID1A, and at least 20 CD8‐positive intraepithelial lymphocytes per high‐power field, but was not associated with cancer‐specific death. Age <50 years, higher CA125 levels at diagnosis and at least 20 CD8‐positive intraepithelial lymphocytes per high‐power field remained significant after adjustment for multiple testing, but their sensitivity for identifying dMMR remained insufficient.ConclusionOur data support the policy of histotype‐specific Lynch syndrome screening in ovarian carcinoma confined to endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas.
Impacts of supragingival and subgingival periodontal treatments on oral health‐related quality of life
Authors: Mendez M , Melchiors Angst PD , Stadler AF , Oppermann RV , Gomes S 
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of distinct phases of a non‐surgical periodontal treatment protocol on oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL).MethodsFifty‐five participants (51.4 ± 9.4 years), diagnosed with both gingivitis and moderate‐to‐severe periodontitis, were included. Periodontal and OHRQoL (OHIP‐14) data were collected before (Day 0) and after the supragingival (Day 30) and subgingival (Day 90) treatments. A linear mixed model was used. OHIP‐14 scores, effect size, and ceiling and floor effects were calculated.ResultsThe total OHIP‐14 score was significantly higher at Day 0 (17.3 ± 10.5) compared to Day 30 (9.7 ± 8.3) and Day 90 (9.5 ± 7.4). Scores of all domains decreased significantly after the supragingival treatment. This response was maintained after the subgingival therapy, except in the physical pain and physical disability domains. Clinical variables were not associated with the change in OHIP scores. The effect size was 0.72 at Day 30 and 0.74 at Day 90. No ceiling and floor effect were observed.ConclusionsPerceptions on OHRQoL improved along periodontal therapy, particularly after the supragingival treatment, suggesting that this intervention might be considered important to reduce the negative impacts in oral health‐related quality of life.
Existence of χ‐efficient solution of multiobjective fractional programming problem with bounded parameters
Authors: Jana Mrinal , Panda Geetanjali 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIn this paper, a methodology is developed to solve a multiobjective fractional programming problem in which the coefficients of the objective functions and constraints are intervals. This model is transformed into an interval‐free equivalent optimization problem. A new partial ordering is introduced and the relation between the original problem and the transformed problem is established using this partial ordering. The proposed methodology is illustrated through a numerical example.
The Market Response to Beating After‐tax Earnings Targets Revisited using Analysts’ Pre‐tax Earnings Forecasts and Concurrent Tax Note Disclosures
Authors: Herbohn Kathleen , Tutticci Irene , Tan Zhi 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWe investigate whether the premium for achieving after‐tax earnings targets is informed by the availability of pre‐tax and after‐tax earnings forecasts. We find evidence the premium is discounted for firms achieving only after‐tax earnings forecasts compared with firms achieving both forecast targets. This is likely due to the uncertainty about future profitability and earnings quality created by failing to attain pre‐tax earnings targets. For firms achieving only pre‐tax earnings forecasts, no premium is documented. Taken together, our results indicate that while pre‐tax earnings forecasts may not move the market, they have an informational role in providing a context for assessing the achievement of after‐tax earnings targets. We also consider the usefulness of the tax note disclosures of deferred tax assets from carry‐forward losses for assessing the premium for achieving after‐tax earnings targets. Reflecting the duality of this tax deferral, we find evidence that recognition of these tax assets conveys information about lower earnings quality when recognition is likely to be opportunistic (in the case of firms achieving only after‐tax forecasts), and provides a signal of future profitability (in the case of firms achieving only pre‐tax forecasts).
Actigraph measures discriminate pediatric bipolar disorder from attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder and typically developing controls
Authors: Faedda Gianni L. , Ohashi Kyoko , Hernandez Mariely , McGreenery Cynthia E. , Grant Marie C. , Baroni Argelinda , Polcari Ann , Teicher Martin H. 
Published: January 2016

BackgroundDistinguishing pediatric bipolar disorder (BD) from attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be challenging. Hyperactivity is a core feature of both disorders, but severely disturbed sleep and circadian dysregulation are more characteristic of BD, at least in adults. We tested the hypothesis that objective measures of activity, sleep, and circadian rhythms would help differentiate pediatric subjects with BD from ADHD and typically developing controls.MethodsUnmedicated youths (N = 155, 97 males, age 5–18) were diagnosed using DSM‐IV criteria with Kiddie‐SADS PL/E. BD youths (n = 48) were compared to typically developing controls (n = 42) and children with ADHD (n = 44) or ADHD plus comorbid depressive disorders (n = 21). Three‐to‐five days of minute‐to‐minute belt‐worn actigraph data (Ambulatory Monitoring Inc.), collected during the school week, were processed to yield 28 metrics per subject, and assessed for group differences with analysis of covariance. Cross‐validated machine learning algorithms were used to determine the predictive accuracy of a four‐parameter model, with measures reflecting sleep, hyperactivity, and circadian dysregulation, plus Indic's bipolar vulnerability index (VI).ResultsThere were prominent group differences in several activity measures, notably mean 5 lowest hours of activity, skewness of diurnal activity, relative circadian amplitude, and VI. A predictive support vector machine model discriminated bipolar from non‐bipolar with mean accuracy of 83.1 ± 5.4%, ROC area of 0.781 ± 0.071, kappa of 0.587 ± 0.136, specificity of 91.7 ± 5.3%, and sensitivity of 64.4 ± 13.6%.ConclusionsObjective measures of sleep, circadian rhythmicity, and hyperactivity were abnormal in BD. Wearable sensor technology may provide bio‐behavioral markers that can help differentiate children with BD from ADHD and healthy controls.
CYP2C93 variant is associated with antidiabetes efficacy of gliclazide in Chinese type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Zeng Wotan , Guo Yali , Chen Peixian , Liu Zhike , Chen Dafang , Han Chunji 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAims/IntroductionThe objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of CYP2C9*3 polymorphisms on the therapeutic response to gliclazide in type 2 diabetes patients.Materials and MethodsA total of 746 incident type 2 diabetes patients were included in this study. After enrolment, patients went on 4‐week gliclazide monotherapy. Fasting plasma glucose was measured before and after treatment. Hypoglycemia episodes and lifestyle information were collected by weekly follow up. Genotyping of rs1057910 was carried out using the single base primer extension method. The t‐test, analysis of variance and chisquare‐test were used to evaluate the effects of rs1057910 alleles on the therapeutic response to gliclazide.ResultsAfter the therapy, fasting plasma glucose decreased significantly from 11.2 ± 2.7 mmol/L to 8.0 ± 2.2 mmol/L (P < 0.001). Patients with AC/CC genotypes of rs1057910 had a greater reduction of fasting plasma glucose (3.6 vs 3.0 mmol/L, P < 0.001; 31.4 vs 24.5%, P < 0.001) and a higher rate of treatment success (54.7 vs 37.5%, P < 0.001; 51.4 vs 32.3%, P < 0.001; 71.6 vs 48.3%, P < 0.001 for criterion 1, 2 and 3, respectively).ConclusionsThe present study showed that the polymorphism at rs1057910 significantly affected the therapeutic response of gliclazide in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The risk allele is associated with a greater decrease of fasting blood glucose and a higher rate of treatment success with gliclazide monotherapy.
Finite Element Analysis of Moisture Migration of Multicomponent Foods During Storage
Authors: Hao Fayi , Lu Lixin , Wang Jun 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA mathematical model based on unsteady‐state mass transfer of water was developed to simulate the moisture migration in multicomponent foods, and the mathematical model was numerically solved by finite element method (FEM) using COMSOL Multiphysics program. The moisture absorption properties and effective moisture diffusivity of each food component were investigated independently. Simulated results were validated with experimental multicomponent food systems constituted of biscuits in contact with hawthorn sheets and agar gel. The agar gel (water activity 0.786)‐biscuit (water activity 0.161) system and the hawthorn sheets (water activity 0.643)‐biscuit system were packed in impermeable packaging to investigate the moisture migration evolution. The difference in water activity gradient of two food systems resulted in different moisture migration evolution, and then eventually influenced the storage stability of multicomponent foods. It is found that the FEM‐simulated equilibrium moisture content and the time required to reach equilibrium were favorably in agreement with experimental results.Practical ApplicationsMoisture migration is an increasing cause for quality deterioration, such as the undesirable textural changes, of multicomponent food. Difference in water activity between components is the driving force for moisture migration as the system comes to equilibrium. Moisture will migrate from a region of high water activity to a region of lower water activity. Control of initial water activity gradient and moisture migration is critical to the quality and safety of multicomponent foods. Finite element method is developed that can be used for simulating moisture migration in multicomponent food products during storage. The results of this study would have practical applications in exploiting new multicomponent foods and predicting the shelf life of multicomponent foods.
Comparison of clinical marking and ultrasound‐guided injection of Botulinum type A toxin into the masseter muscles for treating bruxism and its cosmetic effects
Authors: Quezada‐Gaon Natacha , Wortsman Ximena , Peñaloza Osvaldo , Carrasco Juan Eduardo 
Published: January 2016

SummaryBackgroundBotulinum toxin type A has been used for treating the hypertrophy of the masseter muscles and its cosmetic effects. Ultrasound is increasingly used in dermatology, along with the guidance of mini‐invasive procedures.AimsTo evaluate the role of ultrasound for guiding the application of Botulinum A toxin in patients with cosmetic alterations due to bruxism, correlate the clinical landmarks with the ultrasound findings, and study the effect on the symptoms, cosmetics, and quality of life.Patients/MethodsTwenty individuals with bruxism and cosmetic alterations underwent an ultrasound‐guided injection of Botulinum toxin type A in each masseter muscle. Clinical and ultrasound marking of the procedure was compared. Clinical and sonographic evaluation was performed at the time of injection and 3 months later. Ten normal individuals underwent ultrasound of the masseter muscles as a control group.ResultsUp to 65% of individuals showed anatomical variants of the salivary glands. The method for clinically marking the skin showed a frequently erroneous location of the anterior point (up to 40% of cases) that was proven by ultrasound to be out of the muscle. In 20% of cases, ultrasound showed that the needle should be longer to enter the muscle. After injection, most of the patients demonstrated a decrease of the symptoms and cosmetic and quality of life improvements.ConclusionsUltrasound can be a potent tool for guiding the injection of Botulinum toxin into the masseter muscles. It may contribute to a more personalized procedure, better cosmetic results, and help to avoid potential complications.
Passiflora actinia hydroalcoholic extract and its major constituent, isovitexin, are neuroprotective against glutamate-induced cell damage in mice hippocampal slices
Authors: dos Santos Kely Cristina , Borges Tatiane Vieira , Olescowicz Gislaine , Ludka Fabiana Kalyne , Santos Cid Aimbiré de Moraes , Molz Simone 
Published: January 2016

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate whether Passiflora actinia hydroalcoholic extract and its major constituent, isovitexin, protect mice hippocampal brain slices from glutamate-induced neurotoxicity.

Methods
Neuroprotective effect of the extract against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity (10 mm) was evaluated through cell viability of hippocampal slices. The extract or its flavonoids were directly applied to hippocampal slices and then subjected to glutamate-induced toxicity. Alternatively, hippocampal slices from extract-treated mice were also subjected to the same toxicity protocol.

Key findings
Mice supplementation with the extract protected hippocampal slices from in-vitro neurotoxicity. When directly applied to hippocampal slices, the extract showed a higher neuroprotective potential than a commercial dry extract of Passiflora incarnata, which was related to P. actinia extract which had higher isovitexin and total flavonoid content expressed as isovitexin. Isovitexin, but not apigenin, induced a similar neuroprotective response when applied alone, at a concentration equivalent to that found in the extract.

Conclusions
This study highlights new neuropharmacological activity of the Passiflora genus, suggesting that it can act as modulator of the glutamatergic system. The search for improved pharmacotherapies with novel mechanisms of action has been shown of great importance for the treatment of resistant neurological and psychiatric disorders.
Nurses experiences of working in Crisis Resolution Home Treatment Teams with its additional gatekeeping responsibilities
Authors: Begum R. , Riordan S. 
Published: January 2016

Accessible summaryWhat is known on the subject?

Community care has evolved beyond recognition since the closure of the asylums and the introduction of a socially inclusive concept of care. Through their gatekeeping role, Crisis Resolution Home Treatment Teams (CRHTT) aim to reduce inappropriate admissions, facilitate early discharge and maximize the ability of service users to live independently within their own communities. It is evident that there is a vast array of literature on CRHTT internationally, however, little evidence on nurses experiences of working within CRHTT and gatekeeping. In light of limited research, this study aims to expand the current evidence base by exploring nurse's experiences of working in CRHTT with its additional gatekeeping responsibilities.

What the paper adds to existing knowledge?

The findings from this study provide a valuable contribution to the existing international literature base, highlighting the experiences of nurses as gatekeepers within CRHTT. It also helps to identify further gaps in the literature that can be addressed through future research.

What are the implications for practice?

This research study has a number of academic and clinical implications. As gatekeeping is an integral aspect of the work conducted by CRHTT, a closer look at nurse's experiences of working in CRHTT with its additional gatekeeping responsibilities can help inform future developments within the service whilst identifying the necessary improvements to current working practices. It can also add to the existing evidence base on CRHTT and gatekeeping.

AbstractIntroductionThrough their gatekeeping role, CRHTT aim to reduce inappropriate admissions, facilitate early discharge from hospital and maximize the ability of service users to live independently within their own communities. It is evident that there is a vast array of literature on CRHTT internationally, however, little evidence on nurses experiences of working within CRHTT and gatekeeping. Therefore, in the light of limited research, this study aims to expand the current evidence base by exploring nurse's experiences of working in CRHTT with its additional gatekeeping responsibilities.MethodologySix nurses working across two CRHTT's were interviewed using semi‐structured interviews. Data were analysed through the use of thematic analysis.ResultsFour key themes emerged which were, ‘CRHTT as a specialist role’, ‘core principles of the gatekeeping role’, ‘redefining risk management for gatekeepers in CRHTT’ and ‘the future of gatekeeping’.DiscussionIt is evident through nurse's experiences of working within CRHTT and gatekeeping that their roles were very dynamic and challenging. A positive risk‐taking approach contributed towards the success of CRHTT as gatekeepers. Family members played a significant role in ensuring gatekeeping remained a priority consistent with Government targets. Clinical Implications and recommendations for future research are discussed.
Why do mothers use nipple shields and how does this influence duration of exclusive breastfeeding?
Authors: Kronborg Hanne , Foverskov Else , Nilsson Ingrid , Maastrup Ragnhild 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe present study addressed the contentious discussions about the benefits and risks of nipple shield use. The objective was to explore self‐reported reasons for using a nipple shield and examine associations pertaining to the mother, the infant and duration of breastfeeding. Data were collected from 4815 Danish mothers (68%) who filled out a self‐administered questionnaire with open and closed question. Data were analyzed by content and statistical descriptive and multivariable analysis. Results showed that 22% of the mothers used nipple shields in the beginning and 7% used it the entire breastfeeding period. Primiparae used nipple shields more often than multiparae, and early breastfeeding problems as well as background factors like lower age, education and higher body mass index were associated with a higher likelihood of using nipple shields. Characteristics of infants associated with introducing nipple shields were lower‐ gestational age and birthweight. The use of nipple shields was furthermore found to be associated with a threefold increased risk of earlier cessation of exclusive breastfeeding: among primiparae odds ratio = 3.80 (confidence interval 2.61–5.53); among multiparae odds ratio = 3.33 (confidence interval 1.88–5.93). Mothers' own descriptions underlined how various early breastfeeding problems led to the use of nipple shields. Some mothers were helped through a difficult period; others described the use creating a kind of dependence. The results highlight how nipple shields may help breastfeeding mothers in the early period but is not necessarily a supportive solution to the inexperienced mother who needs extra support in the early process of learning to breastfeed.