bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Language Development in Children With Cleft Palate With or Without Cleft Lip Adopted From Non–English-Speaking Countries
Authors: Morgan Amy R. , Bellucci Claudia Crilly , Coppersmith Jody , Linde Sebastian B. , Curtis Arthur , Albert Meredith , O'Gara Mary M. , Kapp-Simon Kathleen 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine whether language skills differed between children with cleft palate or cleft lip and palate (CP±CL) who were adopted into an English-speaking home from a non–English-speaking country (late English exposure [LE]) and children with CP±CL raised from birth in an English-speaking home (early English exposure [EE]).MethodChildren (51 LE, 67 EE), ages 3;0 (years;months) to 9;0, completed the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals (CELF), Preschool Second Edition or Fourth Edition. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the impact of age of adoption and time in an English-speaking home on language skills, as measured by the CELF-P2 and CELF-4.ResultsChildren with CP±CL who were adopted scored less well on all language indices, with mean adjusted differences between LE and EE children ranging from 0.4 to 0.7SDon the CELF index scales. Only 53% of the EE children and 57% of the LE children obtained scores above 90 on all indices. For LE children, younger age at adoption was associated with better language skills.ConclusionCP±CL increases risk for language delay, with the highest risk for LE children. LE children with CP±CL should receive language services soon after adoption.
Clans and clanlectal contact
Authors: Suokhrie Kelhouvinuo 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This is the first variationist study of clan intermarriage and intergenerational change in Nagaland (India). The study investigates clan as a sociolinguistic variable by drawing data from the Angami (belonging to the Kuki-Chin-Naga sub-group of Tibeto-Burman languages) community of Kohima village in Nagaland. The linguistic variables examined include two alveolar fricatives and three affricates showing variable palatalization. Like many other clan-based communities (cf. Stanford, 2007, 2008, 2009), Angamis practice exogamy. Women settle down in their husband’s clans in the same village after marriage, but continue to maintain their original clanlects despite being in contact with their husband’s clanlects for many years. Exogamy practices are however weakening in Kohima, resulting in intra-clan marriages. The study examines the linguistic implications of the inter-clan and intra-clan marriages, illustrating the patterns that young learners acquire under such circumstances and the way they respond to the new changes. Labov finds evidence for an “outward orientation of the language learning faculty” (2012, 2014). The Nagaland results build on this notion but provide a new perspective: In Nagaland, children’s language learning is inwardly oriented with respect to stable variation and outwardly oriented in the case of change in progress.
La femme, le chien et le clerc
Authors: Le Saux Françoise 
Published: March 2017

Cette étude explore le réseau symbolique entre femme et animal dans le fabliau moyen-anglais Dame Sirith and the Weeping Bitch, et offre une réinterprétation du personnage de Margery à la lumière du Liber vaccae. Cet ouvrage (pseudo-)scientifique bien connu dans les milieux universitaires dès le début du XIIIe siècle atteste une croyance en la possibilité de transformer un être humain en animal: la crédulité de la jeune femme relèverait ainsi d’un trait de société, tout autant que d’une faiblesse personnelle. Les changements apportés par Caxton à sa version du fabliau – en particulier, sa substitution d’une chienne par une chatte dans son récit de la ruse de l’entremetteuse, et un retour au context païen de l’histoire telle que la relate Petrus Alfonsi – sont révélateurs d’un désir de distanciation par rapport à une thématique plus dérangeante que ne l’aurait soupçonné le lecteur du XXIe siècle.
Mozambican economic porosity and the role of Brazilian capital: a political economy analysis
Authors: Nogueira Isabela , Ollinaho Ossi , Pinto Eduardo Costa , Baruco Grasiela , Saludjian Alexis , Pinto José Paulo Guedes , Balanco Paulo , Schonerwald Carlos 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
After two decades of high growth and increased levels of foreign investment, Mozambique continues to face serious problems in reducing poverty. This article investigates the characteristics of Brazilian aid to and investment in Mozambique and scrutinises how these activities relate to the Mozambican growth. Combining the literature on the porosity of Mozambican growth with an analysis of the class dynamics of Brazilian accumulation, this article identifies the class fractions that sustained the Brazilian neo-developmental attempt and their capital internationalisation into Africa. Moreover, it empirically details their role in giving form to porosity in the Mozambique economy and promoting private gains at the expense of social losses.
Assessment of leg muscles mechanical capacities: Which jump, loading, and variable type provide the most reliable outcomes?
Authors: García‐Ramos Amador , Feriche Belén , Pérez‐Castilla Alejandro , Padial Paulino , Jaric Slobodan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the strength of the force–velocity (F–V) relationship of lower limb muscles and the reliability of its parameters (maximum force [F0], slope [a], maximum velocity [V0], and maximum power [P0]). Twenty‐three men were tested in two different jump types (squat and countermovement jump: SJ and CMJ), performed under two different loading conditions (free weight and Smith machine: Free and Smith) with 0, 17, 30, 45, 60, and 75 kg loads. The maximum and averaged values of F and V were obtained for the F–V relationship modelling. All F–V relationships were strong and linear independently whether observed from the averaged across the participants (r ≥ 0.98) or individual data (r = 0.94–0.98), while their parameters were generally highly reliable (F0 [CV: 4.85%, ICC: 0.87], V0 [CV: 6.10%, ICC: 0.82], a [CV: 10.5%, ICC: 0.81], and P0 [CV: 3.5%, ICC: 0.93]). Both the strength of the F–V relationships and the reliability of their parameters were significantly higher for (1) the CMJ over the SJ, (2) the Free over the Smith loading type, and (3) the maximum over the averaged F and V variables. In conclusion, although the F–V relationships obtained from all the jumps tested were linear and generally highly reliable, the less appropriate choice for testing the F–V relationship could be through the averaged F and V data obtained from the SJ performed either in a Free weight or in a Smith machine. Insubstantial differences exist among the other combinations tested.
Public Private partnerships in education and health in the global South:
a literature review
Authors: Languille Sonia 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This paper presents the findings of a literature review on public
private partnerships (PPPs) in two sectors – education and health – in
Africa, Asia and Latin America. It highlights the heterogeneity of the
category within and across sectors and shows that the key predictions of the
PPP doctrine – cost-efficiency for improved social service delivery to the
poor – are hardly fulfilled in practice. Moreover, PPPs – both as policy
model and practical arrangements – are underpinned by a narrow conception of
education and health, which denies their broader embeddedness within the
economy and society. The paper identifies theoretical and methodological
limitations of the existing scholarship. It underlines the scarcity of data
on the corporate sector and, more broadly, about the economics of education
and health PPPs. It also stresses the little attention paid to the
beneficiaries. The paper finally calls for further research to open up the
‘black box’ of PPPs.
A transition-based joint model for disease named entity recognition and normalization
Authors: Lou Yinxia , Zhang Yue , Qian Tao , Li Fei , Xiong Shufeng , Ji Donghong 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Disease named entities play a central role in many areas of biomedical research, and automatic recognition and normalization of such entities have received increasing attention in biomedical research communities. Existing methods typically used pipeline models with two independent phases: (i) a disease named entity recognition (DER) system is used to find the boundaries of mentions in text and (ii) a disease named entity normalization (DEN) system is used to connect the mentions recognized to concepts in a controlled vocabulary. The main problems of such models are: (i) there is error propagation from DER to DEN and (ii) DEN is useful for DER, but pipeline models cannot utilize this.

Methods
We propose a transition-based model to jointly perform disease named entity recognition and normalization, casting the output construction process into an incremental state transition process, learning sequences of transition actions globally, which correspond to joint structural outputs. Beam search and online structured learning are used, with learning being designed to guide search. Compared with the only existing method for joint DEN and DER, our method allows non-local features to be used, which significantly improves the accuracies.

Results
We evaluate our model on two corpora: the BioCreative V Chemical Disease Relation (CDR) corpus and the NCBI disease corpus. Experiments show that our joint framework achieves significantly higher performances compared to competitive pipeline baselines. Our method compares favourably to other state-of-the-art approaches.

Availability and Implementation
Data and code are available at https://github.com/louyinxia/jointRN
Mining heterogeneous causal effects for personalized cancer treatment
Authors: Zhang Weijia , Le Thuc Duy , Liu Lin , Zhou Zhi-Hua , Li Jiuyong 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMotivationCancer is not a single disease and involves different subtypes characterized by different sets of molecules. Patients with different subtypes of cancer often react heterogeneously towards the same treatment. Currently, clinical diagnoses rather than molecular profiles are used to determine the most suitable treatment. A molecular level approach will allow a more precise and informed way for making treatment decisions, leading to a better survival chance and less suffering of patients. Although many computational methods have been proposed to identify cancer subtypes at molecular level, to the best of our knowledge none of them are designed to discover subtypes with heterogeneous treatment responses.ResultsIn this article we propose the Survival Causal Tree (SCT) method. SCT is designed to discover patient subgroups with heterogeneous treatment effects from censored observational data. Results on TCGA breast invasive carcinoma and glioma datasets have shown that for each subtype identified by SCT, the patients treated with radiotherapy exhibit significantly different relapse free survival pattern when compared to patients without the treatment. With the capability to identify cancer subtypes with heterogeneous treatment responses, SCT is useful in helping to choose the most suitable treatment for individual patients.Availability and ImplementationData and code are available at https://github.com/WeijiaZhang24/SurvivalCausalTree.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The Private Policing of Insurance Claims: Power, Profit and Private Justice
Authors: Stenström Anders 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe article examines the ways private policing is organized with regard to profitability. While the literature on private policing has enhanced our understanding of its growth, scope and normative implications, less is known about how ‘hybrid’ policing is conducted to make profit. Informed by 38 qualitative interviews with the seven largest insurance companies in Sweden, the article details how power relations are organized to ensure that the private policing of insurance claims supports and does not pose a threat to profit. Drawing on evidence from the empirical research, a range of issues are discussed, including the relationship between private policing and state power, and the intertwined governance of both claimants and policing actors.
ESBies: safety in the tranches
Authors: Brunnermeier Markus K , Langfield Sam , Pagano Marco , Reis Ricardo , Van Nieuwerburgh Stijn , Vayanos Dimitri 
Published: March 2017

SUMMARYThe euro crisis was fuelled by the diabolic loop between sovereign risk and bank risk, coupled with cross-border flight-to-safety capital flows. European Safe Bonds (ESBies), a euro area-wide safe asset without joint liability, would help to resolve these problems. We make three contributions. First, numerical simulations show that ESBies with a subordination level of 30% would be as safe as German bunds and would increase safe asset supply. Second, a model shows how, when and why the two features of ESBies – diversification and seniority – can weaken the diabolic loop and its diffusion across countries. Third, we propose how to create ESBies, starting with limited issuance by public or private-sector entities.
Arid5a-deficient mice are highly resistant to bleomycin-induced lung injury
Authors: Dubey Praveen Kumar , Masuda Kazuya , Nyati Kishan Kumar , -Uz Zaman Mohammad Mahabub , Chalise Jaya Prakash , Millrine David , Kai Wang , Ripley Barry , Kishimoto Tadamitsu 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are among the major causes of death worldwide due to acute inflammation in the lung. AT-rich interactive domain–containing 5a (Arid5a) is an RNA-binding protein involved in inflammatory autoimmune disease through post-transcriptional control of Il6, Stat3 and Tbx21 gene expression. We found that Arid5a-deficient mice were highly refractory to bleomycin (BLM)-induced lethality. Arid5a deficiency suppressed lung pathology, cytokine production (especially, IL-6), and clinical symptoms in BLM-treated mice. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to BLM-induced cellular damage was inhibited in Arid5a-deficient mice, potentially affecting the level of oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-phosphaticylcholine (OxPAPC) production. OxPAPC, which is supposed to be a TLR4/TLR2 ligand, stimulated expression of the Arid5a and Il6 genes. Thus, reduction of ROS production in Arid5a-deficient mice could mitigate OxPAPC production, which in turn decreases IL-6 production in vivo due to dysregulated post-transcriptional regulation by loss of Arid5a. Therefore, the control of Arid5a expression represents a potential therapeutic target for treatment of ALI and ARDS.
Interhospital Transfer of Neurosurgical Patients: Implications of Timing on Hospital Course and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Holland Christopher M. , Lovasik Brendan P. , Howard Brian M. , McClure Evan W. , Samuels Owen B. , Barrow Daniel L. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Interhospital transfer of neurosurgical patients is common; however, little is known about the impact of transfer parameters on clinical outcomes. Lower survival rates have been reported for patients admitted at night and on weekends in other specialties. Whether time or day of admission affects neurosurgical patient outcomes, specifically those transferred from other facilities, is unknown.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of the timing of interhospital transfer on the hospital course and clinical outcomes of neurosurgical patients.

METHODS: All consecutive admissions of patients transferred to our adult neurosurgical service were retrospectively analyzed for a 1-year study period using data from a central transfer database and the electronic health record.

RESULTS: Patients arrived more often at night (70.8%) despite an even distribution of transfer requests. The lack of transfer imaging did not affect length of stay, intervention times, or patient outcomes. Daytime arrivals had shorter total transfer time, but longer intenstive care unit and overall length of stay (8.7 and 11.6 days, respectively), worse modified Rankin Scale scores, lower rates of functional independence, and almost twice the mortality rate. Weekend admissions had significantly worse modified Rankin Scale scores and lower rates of functional independence.

CONCLUSIONS: The timing of transfer arrivals, both by hour or day of the week, is correlated with the time to intervention, hospital course, and overall patient outcomes. Patients admitted during the weekend suffered worse functional outcomes and a trend towards increased mortality. While transfer logistics clearly impact patient outcomes, further work is needed to understand these complex relationships.
One-year Angiographic Results After pCONus Stent-Assisted Coiling of 40 Wide-Neck Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysms
Authors: Gory Benjamin , Aguilar-Pérez Marta , Pomero Elisa , Turjman Francis , Weber Werner , Fischer Sebastian , Henkes Hans , Biondi Alessandra 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Bifurcation middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms with wide neck are amenable to endovascular coiling with pCONus stent, a recent device dedicated to wide-neck bifurcation intracranial aneurysms.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the 1-year angiographic follow-up of wide-neck MCA aneurysms treated with pCONus.

METHODS: Forty MCA aneurysms (mean dome size, 7.7 mm; mean neck size, 5.6 mm) coiled with pCONus were retrospectively evaluated. “Recanalization” was defined as worsening, and “progressive thrombosis” was defined as improvement on the Raymond scale.

RESULTS: Angiographic midterm (mean, 11.9 months; range, 3-20) follow-up was obtained in all aneurysms. Retreatment was performed in 9 aneurysms (22.5%) without clinical complications, and postoperative angiographic outcome included 2 complete occlusions and 7 neck remnants. Six aneurysms were followed after retreatment (mean, 8.8 months), and presented complete occlusion in 1 case, neck remnant in 4 cases, and aneurysm remnant in 1 case. Among the 31 aneurysms, follow-up showed complete occlusion in 67.7% (21/31), neck remnants in 29% (9/31), and aneurysm remnants in 3.3% (1/31). Adequate aneurysm occlusion (total occlusion and neck remnant) was obtained in 96.7% (30/31). Among these 31 aneurysms, improvement of the rate of occlusion was observed in 15 aneurysms (48.4%), and recurrence in 2 aneurysms (6.5%). There was no 1-year angiographic recurrence of 3- or 6-month totally occluded aneurysms.

CONCLUSION: pCONus stent allows a safe coiling of wide-neck MCA aneurysms usually considered as surgical with a low recanalization rate for those adequately occluded at 3 to 6 months. Angiographic results improve over time due to progressive aneurysm thrombosis in around 50% of cases.
Dengue Virus Entry and Replication Does Not Lead to Productive Infection in Platelets
Authors: Kar Meenakshi , Singla Mohit , Chandele Anmol , Kabra Sushil K. , Lodha Rakesh , Medigeshi Guruprasad R. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Thrombocytopenia is a characteristic feature during the acute phase of dengue infection and has been found to associate with vascular leakage in severe dengue. Although dengue antigens have been observed in platelets, there is no strong evidence to suggest a direct infection of platelets by dengue virus as a contributing factor for thrombocytopenia. We show that dengue virus can enter platelets but replicate viral ribonucleic acid to a minimal extent and, therefore, cannot produce infectious virus. Dengue antigen was undetectable in platelets isolated from dengue patients; however, we observed an increase in CD14+CD16+ monocyte-platelet complexes, suggesting a mechanism for platelet clearance.
Efficacy of Task-Specific Training on Physical Activity Levels of People With Stroke: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Martins Júlia Caetano , Aguiar Larissa Tavares , Nadeau Sylvie , Scianni Aline Alvim , Teixeira-Salmela Luci Fuscaldi , Faria Christina Danielli Coelho De Morais 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Background
The majority of people after stroke demonstrate mobility limitations, which may reduce their physical activity levels. Task-specific training has been shown to be an effective intervention to improve mobility in individuals with stroke, however, little is known about the impact of this intervention on levels of physical activity.

Objectives
The main objective is to investigate the efficacy of task-specific training, focused on both upper and lower limbs, in improving physical activity levels and mobility in individuals with stroke. The secondary objective is to investigate the effects of the training on muscle strength, exercise capacity, and quality of life.

Design
This is a randomized controlled trial.

Setting
The setting is public health centers.

Participants
Community-dwelling people with chronic stroke.

Interventions
articipants will be randomized to either an experimental or control group, who will receive group interventions 3 times per week over 12 weeks. The experimental group will undertake task-specific training, while the control group will undertake global stretching, memory exercises, and health education sessions.

Measurements
Primary outcomes include measures of physical activity levels and mobility, whereas secondary outcomes are muscle strength, exercise capacity, and quality of life. The outcomes will be measured at baseline, postintervention, and at the 4- and 12-week follow-ups.

Conclusions
The findings of this trial have the potential to provide important insights regarding the effects of task-specific training, focused on both upper and lower limbs, in preventing secondary poststroke complications and improving the participants’ general health through changes in physical activity levels.
Ventilation With High or Low Tidal Volume With PEEP Does Not Influence Lung Function After Spinal Surgery in Prone Position: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Soh Sarah , Shim Jae-Kwang , Ha Yoon , Kim Young-Sam , Lee Hyelin , Kwak Young-Lan 
Published: March 2017

Background:
Spinal surgery in the prone position is accompanied by increased intrathoracic pressure and decreased respiratory compliance. This study investigated whether intraoperative lung protective mechanical ventilation improved lung function evaluated with pulmonary function tests in patients at risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) after major spinal surgery in the prone position.

Methods:
Seventy-eight patients at potential risk of PPCs were randomly assigned to the protective group (tidal volume; 6 mL/kg predicted body weight, 6 cm H2O positive end-expiratory pressure with recruitment maneuvers) or the conventional group (10 mL/kg predicted body weight, no positive end-expiratory pressure). The primary efficacy variables were assessed by pulmonary function tests, performed before surgery, and 3 and 5 days afterward.

Results:
Postoperative forced vital capacity (2.17±0.1 L vs. 1.91±0.1 L, P=0.213) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (1.73±0.08 L vs. 1.59±0.08 L, P=0.603) at postoperative day (POD) 3 in the protective and conventional groups, respectively, were similar. Trends of a postoperative decrease in forced vital capacity (P=0.586) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (P=0.855) were similar between the groups. Perioperative blood-gas analysis variables were comparable between the groups. Patients in the protective and conventional groups showed similar rates of clinically significant PPCs (8% vs. 10%, P>0.999).

Conclusions:
In patients at potential risk of developing PPCs undergoing major spinal surgery, we did not find evidence indicating any difference between the lung protective and conventional ventilation in postoperative pulmonary function and oxygenation.