bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on four genera of Diplazontinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in South Korea with description of two new species
Authors: Balueva Ekaterina N. , Lee Jong‐Wook 
Published: January 2016

AbstractOf 16 genera of the subfamily Diplazontinae occurring in the Eastern Palearctic region, 11 were previously recognized from South Korea. In previous studies we reviewed eight Diplazontinae genera were reviewed. In this current paper, one genus, Enizemum Förster, is recorded from this country for the first time with one newly described species, E. nigrocoxatum Balueva and Lee sp. nov. Also other three genera, Homotropus Förster, Syrphoctonus Förster and Syrphophilus Dasch, are reviewed here. Here we provide key and diagnosis to eight species of Homotropus including one new species, Homotropus sepiatus Balueva and Lee sp. nov., and key and diagnosis to two species of genus Syrphoctonus and two species of genus Syrphophilus.
High expression of cyclooxygenase 2 is an indicator of prognosis for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after Ivor Lewis esophagectomy
Authors: Hu Dongxin , Zhang Mingyan , Wang Shuai , Wang Zhou 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe poor prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is attributed to a high recurrence rate after surgery. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) is an important regulator of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and transformation. COX2 overexpression is significantly associated with the tumorigenesis and progression of diverse cancers; however, its expression and significance in ESCC remains unclear.MethodsWe enrolled 118 patients with ESCC who had undergone Ivor‐Lewis esophagectomy. The expression profile of COX2 was examined by immunohistochemistry.ResultsA high expression of COX2 correlated with a higher T staging (P = 0.014), lower differentiation degree (P = 0.002), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.009), recurrence status (P = 0.004), and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage (P = 0.001). Cox regression analysis showed that TNM stage (P = 0.001), differentiation degree (P = 0.001), and high COX2 expression (P = 0.004) were independent risk factors of prognosis.ConclusionOur data indicated that COX2 expression level is associated with key clinicopathological features and could be an effective biomarker to predict ESCC prognosis.
Rejoinder to “On the Misuse of Taylor Expansion”
Authors: Zhao Shanshan , Prentice Ross L. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This article is the rejoinder to:
The authors replied as follows:
We thank Drs Wang, Zhang, Feng, and Tu for pointing out a missing op(1) term in a Taylor expansion in Theorem 2 of Supplementary Materials to Zhao and Prentice (2014), an omission that apparently occurred also in several earlier statistical publications (Feng et al., 2013). However, the estimating function in our Theorem 2 is unbiased and our use of this expansion was solely for the purpose of developing the asymptotic distribution for the solution to this estimating equation, which is unaffected by the missing op(1) term.
Shanshan Zhao and Ross L. Prentice
Public Health Sciences Division
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Seattle, Washington 98109, U.S.S.
Outcomes following watchful waiting for stage II–IV follicular lymphoma patients in the modern era
Authors: Nastoupil Loretta J. , Sinha Rajni , Byrtek Michelle , Ziemiecki Ryan , Zhou Xiaolei , Taylor Michael , Friedberg Jonathan W. , Link Brian K. , Cerhan James R. , Dawson Keith , Flowers Christopher R. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryTo examine the effectiveness of an initial management strategy of watchful waiting for follicular lymphoma (FL) in clinical practice, we compared outcomes for patients diagnosed 2004–2007 in the United States initially managed with watchful waiting with outcomes following initial rituximab monotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy. In total, 1754 stage II–IV patients in the National LymphoCare Study underwent watchful waiting (n = 386), rituximab monotherapy (n = 296) or rituximab plus chemotherapy (n = 1072) as initial management strategy. Female patients and those who received treatment in the Northeast or in an academic setting more commonly underwent watchful waiting versus initial chemoimmunotherapy; whereas patients with grade 3 histology, anaemia, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, extranodal involvement, B symptoms or performance status ≥1 more commonly received chemoimmunotherapy. Although time to new treatment and progression‐free survival following first‐ and second‐line therapy were improved with chemoimmunotherapy, and time to chemotherapy was improved with rituximab monotherapy, there were no differences in overall survival between watchful waiting and chemoimmunotherapy or rituximab monotherapy. With 8‐year overall survival estimates of 74%, initial management with watchful waiting in the context of sequential therapy remains a viable option for FL patients in the modern era. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00097565).
High prevalence of splenic marginal zone lymphoma among patients with acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency
Authors: Castelli Roberto , Wu Maddalena Alessandra , Arquati Massimo , Zanichelli Andrea , Suffritti Chiara , Rossi Davide , Cicardi Marco 
Published: January 2016

SummaryMarginal zone lymphoma represents about 10% of all non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs). 33% of patients with acquired angioedema (AAE) due to acquired C1‐inhibitor (C1‐INH) deficiency (C1‐INH‐AAE) have or will develop NHLs. C1‐INH‐AAE is a rare condition. We report the follow‐up of 72 C1‐INH‐AAE patients, followed for a median of 15 years (range 1–24). Median age was 71 (range 64–79) years; median age at onset of angioedema symptoms was 57·5 (range 50–66) years and it was 63 [range 45–80) years at diagnosis]. Twenty patients were diagnosed with low‐grade non‐follicular B‐cell lymphomas (75% were splenic MZL), one with follicular and three with high‐grade lymphomas (two diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas and one mantle cell lymphoma). Fifteen NHLs were diagnosed at onset of AAE or thereafter (3 months to 7 years), eight had already been diagnosed at onset of angioedema. Two of 24 patients remain on watchful wait. Thirthen of 24 received chemotherapy, two received rituximab. Three underwent splenectomy. All 18 patients receiving therapy for NHL experienced post‐treatment reduction in AAE symptoms. Our study suggests that clonal B‐cell proliferation is the pathology underlying AAE leading to production of C1‐INH‐neutralizing autoantibodies and to NHLs. The post‐germinal centre origin of NHL suggests that immune stimulation may contribute to lymphomagenesis.
A CD138‐independent strategy to detect minimal residual disease and circulating tumour cells in multiple myeloma
Authors: Muz Barbara , de la Puente Pilar , Azab Feda , Luderer Micah John , King Justin , Vij Ravi , Azab Abdel Kareem 
Published: January 2016

SummaryCD138 (also termed SDC1) has been the gold‐standard surface marker to detect multiple myeloma (MM) cells for decades; however, drug‐resistant residual and circulating MM cells were shown to have lower expression of this marker. In this study, we have shown that residual MM cells following bortezomib treatment are hypoxic. This combination of drug exposure and hypoxia down‐regulates their CD138 expression, thereby making this marker unsuitable for detecting residual or other hypoxic MM cells, such as circulating tumour cells, in MM. Hence, we developed an alternative biomarker set which detects myeloma cells independent of their hypoxic and CD138 expression status in vitro, in vivo and in primary MM patients. The new markers were able to identify a clonal CD138‐negative population as minimal residual disease in the bone marrow and peripheral blood of MM patients. Further investigation to characterize the role of this population as a prognostic marker in MM is warranted.
The addition of sirolimus to the graft‐versus‐host disease prophylaxis regimen in reduced intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation for lymphoma: a multicentre randomized trial
Authors: Armand Philippe , Kim Haesook T. , Sainvil Marie‐Michele , Lange Paulina B. , Giardino Angela A. , Bachanova Veronika , Devine Steven M. , Waller Edmund K. , Jagirdar Neera , Herrera Alex F. , Cutler Corey , Ho Vincent T. , Koreth John , Alyea Edwin P. , McAfee Steven L. , Soiffer Robert J. , Chen Yi‐Bin , Antin Joseph H. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryInhibition of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway has clinical activity in lymphoma. The mTOR inhibitor sirolimus has been used in the prevention and treatment of graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). A retrospective study suggested that patients with lymphoma undergoing reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) HSCT who received sirolimus as part of their GVHD prophylaxis regimen had a lower rate of relapse. We therefore performed a multicentre randomized trial comparing tacrolimus, sirolimus and methotrexate to standard regimens in adult patients undergoing RIC HSCT for lymphoma in order to assess the possible benefit of sirolimus on HSCT outcome. 139 patients were randomized. There was no difference overall in 2‐year overall survival, progression‐free survival, relapse, non‐relapse mortality or chronic GVHD. However, the sirolimus‐containing arm had a significantly lower incidence of grade II‐IV acute GVHD (9% vs. 25%, P = 0·015), which was more marked for unrelated donor grafts. In conclusion, the addition of sirolimus for GVHD prophylaxis in RIC HSCT is associated with no increased overall toxicity and a lower risk of acute GVHD, although it does not improve survival; this regimen is an acceptable option for GVHD prevention in RIC HSCT. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00928018).
Why do families enrol in paediatric weight management? A parental perspective of reasons and facilitators
Authors: Perez A. J. , Avis J. L. S. , Holt N. L. , Gokiert R. , Chanoine J.‐P. , Legault L. , Morrison K. M. , Sharma A. M. , Ball G. D. C. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundFew children with obesity who are referred for weight management end up enroled in treatment. Factors enabling enrolment are poorly understood. Our purpose was to explore reasons for and facilitators of enrolment in paediatric weight management from the parental perspective.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with parents of 10‐ to 17‐year‐olds who were referred to one of four Canadian weight management clinics and enroled in treatment. Interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed verbatim. Manifest/inductive content analysis was used to analyse the data, which included the frequency with which parents referred to reasons for and facilitators of enrolment.ResultsIn total, 65 parents were interviewed. Most had a child with a BMI ≥95th percentile (n = 59; 91%), were mothers (n = 55; 85%) and had completed some post‐secondary education (n = 43; 66%). Reasons for enrolment were related to concerns about the child, recommended care and expected benefits. Most common reasons included weight concern, weight loss expectation, lifestyle improvement, health concern and need for external support. Facilitators concerned the referral initiator, treatment motivation and barrier control. Most common facilitators included the absence of major barriers, parental control over the decision to enrol, referring physicians stressing the need for specialized care and parents' ability to overcome enrolment challenges.ConclusionsHealthcare providers might optimize enrolment in paediatric weight management by being proactive in referring families, discussing the advantages of the recommended care to meet treatment expectations and providing support to overcome enrolment barriers.
Multiplexed color‐coded probe‐based gene expression assessment for clinical molecular diagnostics in formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded human renal allograft tissue
Authors: Adam Benjamin , Afzali Bahman , Dominy Katherine M. , Chapman Erin , Gill Reeda , Hidalgo Luis G. , Roufosse Candice , Sis Banu , Mengel Michael 
Published: January 2016

AbstractHistopathologic diagnoses in transplantation can be improved with molecular testing. Preferably, molecular diagnostics should fit into standard‐of‐care workflows for transplant biopsies, that is, formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) processing. The NanoString® gene expression platform has recently been shown to work with FFPE samples. We aimed to evaluate its methodological robustness and feasibility for gene expression studies in human FFPE renal allograft samples. A literature‐derived antibody‐mediated rejection (ABMR) 34‐gene set, comprised of endothelial, NK cell, and inflammation transcripts, was analyzed in different retrospective biopsy cohorts and showed potential to molecularly discriminate ABMR cases, including FFPE samples. NanoString® results were reproducible across a range of RNA input quantities (r = 0.998), with different operators (r = 0.998), and between different reagent lots (r = 0.983). There was moderate correlation between NanoString® with FFPE tissue and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) with corresponding dedicated fresh‐stabilized tissue (r = 0.487). Better overall correlation with histology was observed with NanoString® (r = 0.354) than with qRT‐PCR (r = 0.146). Our results demonstrate the feasibility of multiplexed gene expression quantification from FFPE renal allograft tissue. This represents a method for prospective and retrospective validation of molecular diagnostics and its adoption in clinical transplantation pathology.
Update on cardiotoxicity of anti‐cancer treatments
Authors: Rosa Gian Marco , Gigli Lorenzo , Tagliasacchi Maria Isabella , Di Iorio Cecilia , Carbone Federico , Nencioni Alessio , Montecucco Fabrizio , Brunelli Claudio 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackground and aimsAnti‐cancer treatments markedly improved the prognosis of patients, but unfortunately might be hampered by cardiotoxicity. Both symptomatic and asymptomatic clinical forms of heart failure have been reported, which may be reversible or irreversible. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the antineoplastic agents associated with cardiac toxicity and of the available diagnostic techniques.Methods and methodsThis narrative review is based on material from MEDLINE and PUBMED up to November 2015. We looked at the terms antineoplastic drugs and cardiac toxicity in combination with echocardiography, troponins, cardiac magnetic resonance, and positron emission tomography.ResultsAnthracyclines, monoclonal antibodies, fluoropyrimidines, taxanes, alkylating agents, vinka alkaloids were reported to induce different clinical manifestations of cardioxicity. Chest radiotherapy is also associated with various forms of cardiac damage, which are indistinguishable from those found in patients with heart disease of other aetiologies and that may even appear several years after administration. Among diagnostic techniques, echocardiography is a noninvasive, cost‐effective, and widely available imaging tool. Nuclear imaging and cardiac magnetic resonance may be used but are not so widely available and are more difficult to perform. Finally, some biomarkers, such as troponins, may be used to evaluate cardiac damage, but establishing the optimal timing of troponin assessment remains unclear and defining the cut‐off point for positivity is still an important goal.ConclusionsCardiotoxicity of anti‐cancer treatments is associated with development of heart failure. Novel diagnostic tools might be relevant to early recognize irreversible forms cardiac diseases.
Renal Resistive Index and mortality in critical patients with acute kidney injury
Authors: Boddi Maria , Bonizzoli Manuela , Chiostri Marco , Begliomini Dario , Molinaro Adele , Tadini Buoninsegni Laura , Gensini Gian Franco , Peris Adriano 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe predictive role of Doppler Renal Resistive Index (RRI) for mortality was shown in chronic kidney disease. In selected populations of intensive care unit (ICU), RRI predicts acute kidney injury (AKI) occurrence and anticipates persistent AKI. No data are available about mortality. We investigated whether RRI assay at AKI diagnosis could predict AKI mortality in a 10‐bed‐mixed medical–surgical and trauma ICU of a tertiary referral teaching hospital. The association between RRI and persistent AKI at discharge was investigated.MethodsOne hundred and twenty‐five of 1512 patients admitted from January 2010 to March 2013 who developed AKI during ICU stay were enrolled. Kidney function was evaluated daily according to risk, injury, failure, loss and end‐stage criteria. At AKI diagnosis, we measured RRI. The association between RRI at AKI diagnosis and ICU death or persistent AKI at ICU discharge was analysed by multivariable logistic regression analysis.ResultsAt AKI diagnosis, RRI was 0·77 (0·70–0·88) in survivors and 0·85 in nonsurvivors (0·79–0·94) (P = 0·002). RRI values were significantly associated with ICU death (OR = 1·63–95% CI 1·06–2·49, P = 0·025). A RRI cut‐off value of 0·77 was identified by receiver operating characteristic curve. Multivariate analysis selected RRI and abdominal hypertension as strongest predictors of AKI mortality. At AKI diagnosis, RRI was 0·78 (0·70–0·85) or 0·85 (0·73–0·92) (P = 0·026) in patients with or without persistent AKI at discharge. Multivariate analysis selected RRI at AKI diagnosis as the strongest predictor of persistent AKI.ConclusionsHigh RRI values at AKI diagnosis are strictly and independently associated with in‐ICU mortality and persistent AKI at ICU discharge.
An accurate tool for ageing Two‐spined Blackfish for use in determining timing of spawning in upland streams in the Brindabella ranges, ACT, Australia
Authors: Dennis Lachlan P. , Broadhurst Ben T. , Lintermans Mark 
Published: January 2016

SummaryTo manage populations of threatened fish species in modified habitats and regulated rivers requires an understanding of their reproductive biology and spawning cues. In particular, accurate information about early life stages in these species can be used to facilitate programmes that maximise recruitment and breeding success. This study aimed to develop methods to accurately age early juvenile freshwater native fish, Two‐spined Blackfish, (Gadopsis bispinosus), to allow the determination of spawning date. This was accomplished through the examination of otolith microstructure in early juveniles. The age at which the first ring was deposited and the relationship between days and number of rings were determined using both field and aquarium trials. Field trials of marked juvenile otoliths revealed daily deposition of rings (1.02 ± 0.02 rings per day for fish sacrificed six days postmarking). The strength of this relationship lessened slightly as juveniles aged (0.92 ± 0.02 rings per day for fish sacrificed 13 days postmarking). The first otolith ring was deposited 7.50 ± 1.09 days after spawning. The enumeration of daily rings combined with knowledge of the commencement of ring deposition enabled accurate estimation of spawning date. The current study is the first to examine otolith microstructure in juvenile Two‐spined Blackfish allowing accurate determination of spawning date. While more research is required to accurately age older juveniles, this technique has the potential to precisely correlate spawning with environmental cues, facilitating better management of temperature and flow during breeding periods, potentially increasing spawning and recruitment of this endangered species.
Validation of the Greater Hunter Native Vegetation Mapping as it pertains to the Upper Hunter region of New South Wales
Authors: Hunter John T. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryReliable vegetation maps are an important component of any long‐term landscape planning initiatives. A number of approaches are available but one, in particular, pattern recognition (segmentation) combined with modelling from floristic site data, is currently being used to map vegetation across NSW. An independent assessment of this approach based on a review of the Greater Hunter Native Vegetation Mapping (GHM_v4) was undertaken in order to assess its ability to cater for regional, local, strategic and landscape planning. The validation process tested 2151 locations across the Upper Hunter Valley region of New South Wales (NSW), Australia. The results suggest that mapping at the coarsest level of NSW vegetation classification, the Formation, is generally poor, with only Dry Sclerophyll Forest and Woodland modelled with some level of reliability. The modelled mapping of individual plant community types (PCTs) was found to be highly inaccurate with only 17% of validation points attributed as ‘correct’ and a further 13% ‘essentially correct’. Therefore, a majority of PCTs were mapped with an accuracy of less than 30%. The results of this validation suggest that the GHM_v4 is of such a low level of accuracy within the upper Hunter as to be inherently unusable for broad‐scale regional and local landscape planning or environmental assessment, including locating compensatory offsets for the loss of native vegetation due to developments. The GHM_v4 methods of pattern recognition of mainly SPOT5 satellite imagery combined with modelling from plot data have not produced reliable vegetation maps of plant community types. Yet this mapping programme is extending across NSW and could be misused for environmental decisions or as a regulation.
Democratic Accountability During Performance Audits Under Pressure: A Recipe for Institutional Hypocrisy?
Authors: Morin Danielle 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis study shows how the tensions between transparency and secrecy are likely to engender ‘institutional hypocrisy’ in the accountability process taking place during Supreme Audit Institutions’ performance audits. The examination of relations between the French Cour des comptes, Administration and Parliament has revealed gaps between Administration and Parliamentarians’ discourse and action, secrets and things left unsaid. This impression of Administration and Parliamentarians’ full participation in this democratic process may give to citizens a false sense of security leading them to believe that accounts are indeed rendered, which is not actually the case. Rather, the appearances of functional democracy have been preserved.