bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PEMANFAATAN SARANG SEMUT (Myrmecodia pendens) ASAL KALIMANTAN SELATAN SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI
Authors: Crisnaningtyas Farida 
Published: March 2017

The use of ant nests (Myrmecodia pendens) native of Borneo as an antibacterial. The aim of this research is to make the crude drug from the ant nest, simply extracting, condensing and test the ability of anti-bacterial properties of ant nests. This study covers the development of these extracts, proximate analysis, and test the antibacterial activity of plant-ant nest. Parameters measured were the growth of antibacterial activity against Salmonella sp., E. coli and Bacillus sp. showed by inhibition (clear zone). The results showed that plant-ant nests have antibacterial power. Ethanol extract of the ant nests provide a better inhibition compared with water extraction ant nests. Antibacterial activity of the ant nest extracts can be applied both in gram- positive and gram-negative bacteria. Key wood : ant nest, antibacterial, inhibition capability
SIFAT KIMIA TIGA JENIS KAYU RAKYAT
Authors: Yuniarti Yuniarti 
Published: March 2017

The objective of this study was to determine the chemical components of three kinds of social forestry timber of Jengkol, Madang, and Bangkinang, where wood samples was procured from Loksado South Kalimantan. The analysis was conducted according to TAPPI Standard with three replications for each sample. Result shows that Jengkol wood contained 44.73% of cellulose, 79.19% of holocellulose, 32.14% of lignin, 4.08% of extractive and 3.42% of ash. Madang wood contained 45.02% of cellulose, 80.05% of holocellulose, 31.60% of lignin, 4.06% of extractive and 4.59% of ash. Bangkinang wood contained 45.76% of cellulose, 72.84% of holocellulose, 20.90% of lignin, 2.89% of extractive and 3.9% of ash. This research indicated that among three social forestry timber investigated, the Bangkinang wood is better than two others as sources of raw material for pulp and paper due to the highest cellulose content and lowest lignin and extractives contents.Keywords: chemical properties, Jengkol, Madang, Bangkinang
Accuracy of point-of-care lung ultrasonography for the diagnosis of cardiogenic pulmonary edema in dogs and cats with acute dyspnea
Authors: Ward Jessica L. , Lisciandro Gregory R. , Keene Bruce W. , Tou Sandra P. , DeFrancesco Teresa C. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the accuracy of a point-of-care lung ultrasonography (LUS) protocol designed to diagnose cardiogenic pulmonary edema (CPE) in dyspneic dogs and cats.
DESIGN Diagnostic test evaluation.
ANIMALS 76 dogs and 24 cats evaluated for dyspnea.
PROCEDURES Dogs and cats were evaluated by LUS; B lines were counted at 4 anatomic sites on each hemithorax. A site was scored as positive when > 3 B lines were identified. Animals with ≥ 2 positive sites identified on each hemithorax were considered positive for CPE. Medical records were evaluated to obtain a final diagnosis (reference standard) for calculation of the sensitivity and specificity of LUS and thoracic radiography for the diagnosis of CPE.
RESULTS Dogs and cats with a final diagnosis of CPE had a higher number of positive LUS sites than did those with noncardiac causes of dyspnea. Overall sensitivity and specificity of LUS for the diagnosis of CPE were 84% and 74%, respectively, and these values were similar to those of thoracic radiography (85% and 87%, respectively). Use of LUS generally led to the misdiagnosis of CPE (ie, a false-positive result) in animals with diffuse interstitial or alveolar disease. Interobserver agreement on LUS results was high (κ > 0.85).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE LUS was useful for predicting CPE as the cause of dyspnea in dogs and cats, although this technique could not be used to differentiate CPE from other causes of diffuse interstitial or alveolar disease. Point-of-care LUS has promise as a diagnostic tool for dyspneic dogs and cats.
Characteristics of modified martensitic stainless steel surfaces under tribocorrosion conditions
Authors: Rozing Goran , Marušić Vlatko , Alar Vesna 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Stainless steel samples were tested in the laboratory and under real conditions of tribocorrosion wear. Electrochemical tests were also carried out to verify the corrosion resistance of modified steel surfaces. Metallographic analysis and hardness testing were conducted on stainless steel samples X20Cr13 and X17CrNi16 2. The possibilities of applications of modified surfaces of the selected steels were investigated by testing the samples under real wear conditions. The results have shown that the induction hardened and subsequently nitrided martensitic steels achieved an average wear resistance of up to three orders of magnitude higher as compared to the delivered condition.
Mullins Effect under Compression Mode and its Reversibility of Thermoplastic Vulcanizate Based on Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymer/Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Blend
Authors: Wang C. C. , Zhang Y.-F. , Liu Q. Q. , Wang Z. B. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The Mullins effect during uniaxial compression tests, together with its reversibility of the styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)/carbon black (CB) vulcanizate and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)/SBR/CB thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) were investigated systematically. The experimental results indicated that the Mullins effect could be observed during the cyclic uniaxial compression tests and accompanied with stress softening, residual deformation accumulation and hysteresis. The reversibility of the Mullins effect showed a temperature-dependence feature and was enhanced with increasing temperature. The morphology study showed that the SBR particles with average diameter of 10–20 μm were dispersed evenly in the etched surface of EVA/SBR/CB TPV.
The Influence of Different Melt Temperatures on the Mechanical Properties of Injection Molded PA-12 and the Post Process Detection by Thermal Analysis
Authors: Meyer T. , Harland A. , Haworth B. , Holmes C. , Lucas T. , Sherratt P. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Polyamide 12 (PA-12) test plates were injection molded using different melt temperatures and the influence on mechanical properties was investigated using quasi-static tensile and instrumented impact behavior in two conditioned states: dried, and following accelerated moisture intake. Energy absorption in tension is strongly dependent on process temperature (variations up to 99%) and additional variation (around 18%) was evident when testing at different conditioning states. Under high-velocity loading, the total impact energy varied by up to 8.70% and 9.05%, when systematic changes were made to process melt temperature and at moisture content, respectively, with all samples failing ductile. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was used to characterise the unique endothermic melting behavior of molded PA-12 samples, by linking different process histories to the respective mechanical properties. With focus on the first heating curve progression, significant changes within the endothermic melting region were pointed out and quantified by using MatLab (software), proving DSC as a reliable testing tool for post-production analysis with increased practical implications regarding quality control as well as failure analysis. Findings for the initial heating curve progression were explained by studying the re-crystallisation peak values during cooling phase and obtained data for the second heating.
An assessment of the most reliable method to estimate the sagittal alignment of the cervical spine: analysis of a prospective cohort of 138 cases
Authors: Donk Roland D. , Fehlings Michael G. , Verhagen Wim I. M. , Arnts Hisse , Groenewoud Hans , Verbeek André L. M. , Bartels Ronald H. M. A. 
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVEAlthough there is increasing recognition of the importance of cervical spinal sagittal balance, there is a lack of consensus as to the optimal method to accurately assess the cervical sagittal alignment. Cervical alignment is important for surgical decision making. Sagittal balance of the cervical spine is generally assessed using one of two methods; namely, measuring the angle between C-2 and C-7, and drawing a line between C-2 and C-7. Here, the best method to assess sagittal alignment of the cervical spine is investigated.METHODSData from 138 patients enrolled in a randomized controlled trial (Procon) were analyzed. Two investigators independently measured the angle between C-2 and C-7 by using Harrison's posterior tangent method, and also estimated the shape of the sagittal curve by using a modified Toyama method. The mean angles of each quantitative assessment of the sagittal alignment were calculated and the results were compared. The interrater reliability for both methods was estimated using Cronbach's alpha.RESULTSFor both methods the interrater reliability was high: for the posterior tangent method it was 0.907 and for the modified Toyama technique it was 0.984. For a lordotic cervical spine, defined by the modified Toyama method, the mean angle (defined by Harrison's posterior tangent method) was 23.4° ± 9.9° (range 0.4°–52.4°), for a kyphotic cervical spine it was −2.2° ± 9.2° (range −16.1° to 16.9°), and for a straight cervical spine it was 10.5° ± 8.2° (range −11° to 36°).CONCLUSIONSAn absolute measurement of the angle between C-2 and C-7 does not unequivocally define the sagittal cervical alignment. As can be seen from the minimum and maximum values, even a positive angle between C-2 and C-7 could be present in a kyphotic spine. For this purpose, the modified Toyama method (drawing a line from the posterior inferior part of the vertebral body of C-2 to the posterior upper part of the vertebral body of C-7 without any measurements) is a better tool for a global assessment of cervical sagittal alignment.Clinical trial registration no.: ISRCTN41681847 (https://www.isrctn.com)
Neuroprotective effect of <i>Ziziphus spina-christi</i> on brain injury induced by transient global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rat
Authors: Setorki Mahbubeh , Hooshmandi Zahra 
Published: March 2017

<p class="Abstract">This study evaluated the protective effect of <em>Ziziphus </em>spina<em>-</em>christi on the cerebral oxidative stress and damage induced by ischemia. Male Wistar rats were divided randomly into six groups (seven in each group): Control group did not undergo surgery and received distilled water; shame group underwent surgery without ischemia; ischemic group underwent ischemia without any medication; extract-treated groups underwent ischemia and orally received 50, 100, 200 mg/kg/day doses <em>Z. </em>spina<em>-</em>christi extract. After behavioral tests, anti-oxidant capacity and malondialdehyde level of brain and serum were determined. Treatment of ischemic rats with extract significantly increased the frequency of passes through the hidden platform. <em>Z. </em>spina<em>-</em>christi improved motor coordination and balance. Administration of the extract into the ischemic rats prolonged the shortened step-through latency. <em>Z. </em>spina<em>-</em>christi extract significantly reduced the malondialdehyde level of brain and serum and improved serum and brain anti-oxidant capacity. </p>
30 years of the Vega mission: Comparison of some properties of the 1P/Halley and 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko comets
Authors: Ksanfomality L V 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
On March 6 and 9, 1986, for the first time in the history of science, the Russian spacecraft Vega-1 and Vega-2 approached and closely passed by the nucleus of Halley’s comet (1P/Halley). A few days later, on March 14, 1986, the same was done by the European Space Agency’s (ESA) Giotto spacecraft. These missions, together with the Japanese Suisei (JAXA), marked a successful start to spacecraft exploration of cometary nuclei. Subsequent missions to other comets have been aimed at directly studying cometary bodies carrying signs of the formation of the Solar System. The Rosetta spacecraft, inserted into a low orbit around the nucleus of the 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko comet, performed its complex measurements from 2014 to September 2016. In this review, some of the data from these missions are compared. The review draws on the proceedings of the Vega 30th anniversary conference held at the Space Research Institute (IKI) of the Russian Academy of Sciences in March 2016 and is not meant to be exhaustive in describing mission results and problems in the physics of comets.
Dislocation kinetics in nonmagnetic crystals: a look through a magnetic window
Authors: Alshits V I , Darinskaya E V , Koldaeva M V , Kotowski R K , Petrzhik E A , Tronczyk P 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We discuss new kinematic magnetoplasticity features established experimentally and by simulations. We examine the motion of a dislocation through randomly distributed point defects under the influence of a magnetic field that reduces the impurity pinning forces. In addition to the measurable characteristics of motion, hidden motion parameters amenable only to simulation studies are investigated for the first time. It is shown that the distribution of stoppers on a dislocation is independent of the impurity concentration C, whereas the average number of stoppers and the critical force for the dislocation breakaway are proportional to . A model is proposed that for the first time explains the observed concentration dependence of the average dislocation speed in a magnetic field, . The model suggests that there is hidden room for an orders-of-magnitude increase in v, something which was already realized in NaCl crystals additionally subjected to a weak electric field.
Expérimenter la santé des grands nombres : les hygiénistes militaires et l’armée française, 1850-1914
Authors: Rasmussen Anne 
Published: March 2017

Au cours de la seconde moitié du XIX e siècle, sous le nom d’hygiène militaire, un ensemble de savoirs ont gagné le statut de « science » et leurs praticiens – médecins et hygiénistes – conquis un statut professionnel qui leur confère la charge de la préservation de la santé des troupes. Cet article s’attache à mettre en valeur la diversité des enjeux auxquels les hygiénistes militaires sont confrontés en France, au cours de cette séquence temporelle : enjeux médico-militaires, après le désastre sanitaire de la guerre de Crimée ; politiques, sous l’effet de la progressive universalisation de la conscription qui pose la question des droits et des devoirs réciproques de l’État et de la nation armée ; cognitifs, avec l’introduction des statistiques et de la théorie des germes pour comprendre les spécificités de la surmortalité militaire et de la morbidité infectieuse en temps de paix. Il montre que la nouvelle discipline constitue un front pionnier du mouvement hygiéniste, où le collectif militaire est théorisé comme un laboratoire pour la médecine des populations et les dispositifs sanitaires de lutte contre les maladies infectieuses.
Un droit à la réhabilitation ? Le statut légal des invalides russes de la Grande Guerre, 1912-1927
Authors: Sumpf Alexandre 
Published: March 2017

En Russie tsariste, l’invalidité de guerre bénéficiait d’une reconnaissance avant la Première Guerre mondiale, ce qui n’était le cas d’aucun handicap civil. La loi de 1912, les multiples régulations civiles et militaires, les initiatives privées et le volontarisme collectif ne permettent cependant pas de faire face à l’ampleur des traumas dus à la guerre industrielle qu’est le premier conflit mondial. Les autorités envisagent l’afflux d’hommes « incapacités » non comme un problème social, mais plutôt comme une mosaïque de cas individuels. La situation, critique, fait toutefois émerger la « question des invalides » en tant que cause sociale. Pour les experts qui s’opposent à une administration jugée inefficace, la loi sur l’invalidité devient un programme d’action, une arme politique, le moteur d’une nouvelle conception de la nation russe. Surtout, dès 1915, et plus encore en 1917, les invalides s’adaptent individuellement à la réglementation et s’organisent collectivement afin d’influer sur pensions, logements et emplois.
Thinking with Care
Authors: Pérez-Bustos Tania 
Published: March 2017

This paper reflects on practices of careful unraveling and mending as being intimately constitutive of particular embodied thinking processes. My starting point is an ethnography of the dialogues between calado embroidery and engineering design. Hence, through describing the partial unraveling of fabrics intended to become calado and their subsequent mending through weaving, I question the double agency of these practices: over the ethnography that approaches them, and about the effects of ethnography, affected by calado practices, on engineers’ imaginaries and expectations about design and about the craft’s context. Throughout the paper I emphasize how such processes of unraveling and mending are constituted by care in relation to bodies and materialities. Thus I pay special attention to how these processes intertwine stories about embodied and domestic learning and ambiguous invisibility crosscut by gender in particular ways.
Influences of Flap Shape and Hinge Angle on Opaque Bubble Layer Formation in Femtosecond Laser-Assisted LASIK Surgery
Authors: Lin Hung-Yuan , Fang Yi-Ting , Chuang Ya-Jung , Yu Han-Chieh , Pu Christy , Chou Yiing-Jenq , Chien Chih-Yi , Lin Pi-Jung , Schallhorn Steven C. , Sun Chi-Chin 
Published: March 2017

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the effects of different flap shapes and hinge angles on opaque bubble layer (OBL) formation using a femtosecond laser for flap creation in LASIK surgery.

METHODS:
This retrospective study evaluated 138 eyes of 73 patients who underwent femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK with a 150-kHz IntraLase femtosecond laser (Abbott Medical Optics, Inc., Santa Ana, CA) for myopic astigmatism and compared differences between different flap shapes and hinge angles on OBL formation. The surgical procedures were videotaped, and the patterns and sizes of the OBLs seen during surgery were analyzed. Preoperative and postoperative data including patient demographics, refractive status, keratometry, central corneal thickness, and intraoperative data (flap size and pocket parameters) were recorded. The eyes were divided into four groups based on the corneal flap shape (elliptical versus round) and hinge angle (50° versus 60°).

RESULTS:

The preoperative demographic data, mean spherical errors, cylindrical power, and central corneal thickness were not significantly different among the groups. Of the 138 eyes, 107 (77%) developed an OBL covering a mean area of 13.8% ± 12.6% in each case. This area was significantly smaller in the elliptical flap with 60° hinge angle group (
P
< .05).

CONCLUSIONS:
An oval-shaped flap with a larger hinge angle tended to result in less OBL formation in femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2017;33(3):178–182.]
Science et esthétique dans la Lyrosophie de Jean Epstein
Authors: Thys Nicolas 
Published: March 2017

La production théorique de Jean Epstein, publiée ou inédite, est immense et globalement méconnue. Son rapport aux sciences notamment n’a été que peu traité et mérite une attention particulière car, en plus d’être prégnant dans l’ensemble de ses textes et lectures, il est étroitement lié à sa conception du cinéma. La lyrosophie est une notion qui permet à Epstein d’interroger son époque par le biais des relations entre arts, sciences, techniques et différents courants philosophiques. C’est surtout un livre fondateur de sa pensée théorique. Mais la lyrosophie est davantage une hypothèse qu’un concept. Pouvant être perçue comme une forme de « cosmogonie », un ensemble de mythes et de pensées reliées visant à la création d’un monde (dont la Kabbale) elle porte l’idée de la création d’un monde nouveau, déjà là et encore à construire.
Les aventures de M. Grand-Art au pays des capitalistes. Le roman de l’artiste-victime-de-l’industrie
Authors: Mortari Virgilio 
Published: March 2017

Il y a quelques années, la publication de plusieurs ouvrages sur le cinéma d’avant-garde semblait pouvoir rouvrir le débat sur ce sujet, longtemps dominée par la perspective formaliste, laquelle établissait une nette opposition entre production artistique et production industrielle. Le cas de Jean Epstein offre un terrain particulièrement fécond pour saisir les relations entre prétentions artistiques et exigences mercantiles de cette génération de cinéastes qu’on a appelée la « première avant-garde ». En effet, après avoir travaillé pour les plus importantes firmes de l’époque, Epstein fonde sa propre maison de production ; mais cette entreprise connaîtra un échec dont Epstein ne saura pas se remettre. La riche correspondance d’Epstein, sur laquelle nous nous appuierons et qui est presque entièrement inédite, permet toutefois de saisir ce moment crucial de sa production sous une lumière nouvelle, en dehors du mythe de l’artiste-victime-de-l’industrie.
Movilidad de científicos franceses a México
Authors: Aupetit Sylvie Didou , Mendiola María Cecilia Oviedo 
Published: March 2017

Analisamos os perfis da migração de cientistas estrangeiros contratados de forma fixa pelas instituições de educação superior mexicana, suas condições de profissionalização e suas redes, como ferramentas para situar-se em um âmbito de investigação científica, ao mesmo tempo altamente internacionalizado e profundamente arraigado em contextos locais e institucionais. As hipóteses centrais são : a) A migração influencia de forma duradoura na trajetória dos pesquisadores ; b) A escala sistêmica, no México, é uma estratégia de consolidação das capacidades instaladas da indagação e pós-graduação ; c) É uma aposta dos grupos científicos para melhorar alguns indicadores de qualidade e suportar os problemas acarreados pelo baixo nível de rotação e o envelhecimento do corpo científico.
Generation of Peptides That Promote Positive Selection in the Thymus
Authors: Takada Kensuke , Kondo Kenta , Takahama Yousuke 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
To establish an immunocompetent TCR repertoire that is useful yet harmless to the body, a de novo thymocyte repertoire generated through the rearrangement of genes that encode TCR is shaped in the thymus through positive and negative selection. The affinity between TCRs and self-peptides associated with MHC molecules determines the fate of developing thymocytes. Low-affinity TCR engagement with self-peptide–MHC complexes mediates positive selection, a process that primarily occurs in the thymic cortex. Massive efforts exerted by many laboratories have led to the characterization of peptides that can induce positive selection. Moreover, it is now evident that protein degradation machineries unique to cortical thymic epithelial cells play a crucial role in the production of MHC-associated self-peptides for inducing positive selection. This review summarizes current knowledge on positive selection–inducing self-peptides and Ag processing machineries in cortical thymic epithelial cells. Recent studies on the role of positive selection in the functional tuning of T cells are also discussed.