bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Waterlogging tolerance of pea at germination
Authors: Zaman M. S. , Malik A. I. , Kaur P. , Erskine W. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPeas (Pisum sativum L.) are exposed to waterlogging at germination when grown as relay in rice‐based cropping. Ninety‐one germplasm accessions were evaluated in relay (sown in waterlogged soil), and subsequently 10 diverse genotypes compared under relay and sole cropping (conventional tillage sowing) over two seasons in Bangladesh. Contrasting genotypes, BM‐3, NL‐2 and Kaspa, were further evaluated in three waterlogging treatments (drained control, 4 and 8 days waterlogging) in the glasshouse. Conspicuous variation in waterlogging tolerance at germination was observed in the field and confirmed under controlled conditions. In relay sowing in 2011, emergence of a few genotypes was affected by waterlogging. In 2012, emergence in relay was severely affected (12 plants/m2) compared to sole sowing (37 plants/m2). Among genotypes BM‐3 had 6 plants/m2 emerge, which all subsequently died, in contrast to NL‐2 in which emergence was 13 plants/m2 with all plants surviving. In the glasshouse, there was 14% emergence in BM‐3, 40% in NL‐2 and 55% in Kaspa after 8 days of waterlogging. Such marked differences in waterlogging tolerance at germination in the model pea are the first reported and illustrate prospects for selection to improve adaptation to relay sowing in South Asia.
Paediatric palliative care and intellectual disability—A unique context
Authors: Duc Jacqueline K , Herbert Anthony Robert , Heussler Helen S 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundPaediatric palliative care is a nuanced area of practice with additional complexities in the context of intellectual disability. There is currently minimal research to guide clinicians working in this challenging area of care.MethodThis study describes the complex care of children with life‐limiting conditions and intellectual disability by means of a literature synthesis and commentary with “best‐practice” guide.ResultsAs few articles concerning children with intellectual disability and palliative care needs were identified by formal systematic review, our expert consensus group has drawn from the paediatric palliative, oncology and adult intellectual disability literature to highlight common clinical challenges encountered in the day‐to‐day care of children with intellectual disability and life‐limiting conditions.ConclusionA longitudinal child‐ and family‐centred approach is key to ensuring best‐practice care for families of children with life‐limiting conditions and intellectual disability. As highlighted by the great absence of literature addressing this important patient population, further research in this area is urgently required.
To accept or not to accept a job offer: Examining inaction inertia in an organizational context
Authors: Foster Christina C. , Diab Dalia L. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to investigate inaction inertia in a job offer context. Across two studies, we examined the influence of two situational factors (Study 1) and one dispositional factor (Study 2) on inaction inertia in a job offer context. Participants were asked to imagine they had to pass up an initial offer in which they were interested, but that they received a similar but less attractive offer (lower salary) later. Study 1 findings revealed participants in the loss‐framed condition were more likely to accept the second offer than participants in the neutral condition only when they were asked to imagine they were switching careers, versus being laid off. Study 2 results showed that maximizing tendency significantly and negatively predicted the likelihood to accept the second job offer. Exploratory analyses revealed that anticipated regret did not mediate the relationships between any of the factors and inaction inertia, suggesting that anticipated regret was not the causal mechanism underlying the occurrence of inaction inertia in the current research. Overall, this research shed light on the ways inaction inertia may be experienced in a job offer context.
Association between dental visits for periodontal treatment and type 2 diabetes mellitus in an elderly Japanese cohort
Authors: Saito Mizuki , Shimazaki Yoshihiro , Nonoyama Toshiya , Tadokoro Yasushi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimThere is an association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontitis. We examined the association between the dental visit status and diabetes status in the Japanese elderly population.Materials and methodsIn total, 14,551 participants, aged 75 or 80 years, who underwent systemic health examinations were analysed. Three independent variables of dental visit status were investigated according to dental claims data, including whether dental treatment was received, type of dental treatment (no visit, periodontal treatment, or other dental treatment), and number of days of periodontal treatment (0, 1–4, or ≥5 days). We performed multivariate logistic and linear regression analyses to examine the relationship between dental visit status and diabetes status.ResultsThe multivariate odds ratio (OR) for T2DM was significantly lower (0.74, 95% confidence interval: 0.66–0.82) for subjects who received periodontal treatment compared with those who did not receive dental treatment. Subjects who received periodontal treatment had a significantly lower OR for T2DM, regardless of the number of days of treatment. In the multivariate linear regression model, receiving periodontal treatment was significantly associated with decrease in A1c (p < .05).ConclusionDental visits to receive periodontal treatment were associated with a better diabetes status in the Japanese elderly population.
Open flap debridement of peri‐implantitis with or without adjunctive systemic antibiotics: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Hallström Hadar , Persson G. Rutger , Lindgren Susann , Renvert Stefan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimsTo investigate clinical, radiographic and microbiological outcome over 12 months following open flap debridement of peri‐implantitis with or without antibiotics.Materials and methodsPeri‐implantitis was surgically treated with or without Zithromax® in 19 control and 20 test individuals. Probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival inflammation (BOP), intra‐oral radiographs and microbial samples were studied. Per protocol and intent‐to‐treat analyses were performed.ResultsThe mean difference (reduction) in PPD values between baseline and month 12 in the test and control groups was 1.7 mm (SD ± 1.1, 95% CI: 1.1, 2.3, p < .001) and 1.6 mm (SD ± 1.5, 95% CI: 0.8, 2,4, p < .001), respectively. Data analysis failed to show study group differences for BOP, PPD, radiographic bone level and microbial load. Successful treatment (per protocol: PPD ≤ 5 mm, no BOP, no suppuration and no bone loss ≥0.5 mm) at 12 months in test and control groups was 7/15 (46.7%) and 4/16 (25.0%). Bacterial load reduction was similar in study groups with a temporary reduction following treatment.ConclusionsSurgical treatment of peri‐implantitis with adjunctive systemic azithromycin did not provide 1‐year clinical benefits in comparison with those only receiving open flap debridement.
A 340/380 nm light‐emitting diode illuminator for Fura‐2 AM ratiometric Ca2+ imaging of live cells with better than 5 nM precision
Authors: TINNING P.W. , FRANSSEN A.J.P.M. , HRIDI S.U. , BUSHELL T.J. , MCCONNELL G. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryWe report the first demonstration of a fast wavelength‐switchable 340/380 nm light‐emitting diode (LED) illuminator for Fura‐2 ratiometric Ca2+ imaging of live cells. The LEDs closely match the excitation peaks of bound and free Fura‐2 and enables the precise detection of cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations, which is only limited by the Ca2+ response of Fura‐2. Using this illuminator, we have shown that Fura‐2 acetoxymethyl ester (AM) concentrations as low as 250 nM can be used to detect induced Ca2+ events in tsA‐201 cells and while utilising the 150 s switching speeds available, it was possible to image spontaneous Ca2+ transients in hippocampal neurons at a rate of 24.39 Hz that were blunted or absent at typical 0.5 Hz acquisition rates. Overall, the sensitivity and acquisition speeds available using this LED illuminator significantly improves the temporal resolution that can be obtained in comparison to current systems and supports optical imaging of fast Ca2+ events using Fura‐2.
Sodium appetite elicited by low‐sodium diet is dependent on p44/42 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2) activation in the brain
Authors: Monteiro L. R. N. , Marangon P. B. , Elias L. L. K. , Reis L. C. , Antunes‐Rodrigues J. , Mecawi A. S. 
Published: August 2017

Sodium appetite is regulated by several signalling molecules, among which angiotensin II (Ang II) serves as a key driver of robust salt intake by binding to Ang II type 1 receptors (AT1R) in several regions in the brain. The activation of these receptors recruits the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which has previously been linked to Ang II‐induced increases in sodium appetite. Thus, we addressed the involvement of MAPK signalling in the induction of sodium appetite after 4 days of low‐sodium diet consumption. An increase in extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation in the laminae terminalis and mediobasal hypothalamus was observed after low‐sodium diet consumption. This response was reduced by i.c.v. microinjection of an AT1R antagonist into the laminae terminalis but not the hypothalamus. This result indicates that low‐sodium diet consumption activates the MAPK pathway via Ang II/AT1R signalling on the laminae terminalis. On the other hand, activation of the MAPK pathway in the mediobasal hypothalamus after low‐sodium diet consumption appears to involve another extracellular mediator. We also evaluated whether a low‐sodium diet could increase the sensitivity for Ang II in the brain and activate the MAPK pathway. However, i.c.v. injection of Ang II increased ERK phosphorylation on the laminae terminalis and mediobasal hypothalamus; this increase achieved a response magnitude similar to those observed in both the normal and low‐sodium diet groups. These data indicate that low‐sodium diet consumption for 4 days is insufficient to change the ERK phosphorylation response to Ang II in the brain. To investigate whether the MAPK pathway is involved in sodium appetite after low‐sodium diet consumption, we performed i.c.v. microinjections of a MAPK pathway inhibitor (PD98059). PD98059 inhibited both saline and water intake after low‐sodium diet consumption. Thus, the MAPK pathway is involved in promoting the sodium appetite after low‐sodium diet consumption.
The expression, localization and function of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in rat corpus cavernosum
Authors: Faghir-Ghanesefat Hedyeh , Rahimi Nastaran , Yarmohammadi Fatemeh , Mokhtari Tahmineh , Abdollahi Ali Reza , Ejtemaei Mehr Shahram , Dehpour Ahmad R 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Objectives
Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR), an emerging pharmacological target for a variety of medical conditions, is expressed in the most mammalian tissues with different effects. So, this study was designed to investigate the expression, localization and effect of α7-nAChR in rat corpus cavernosum (CC).

Methods & Key findings
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that α7-nAChR was expressed in rat CC and double immunofluorescence studies demonstrated the presence of α7-nAChR in corporal neurons. The rat CC segments were mounted in organ bath chambers and contracted with phenylephrine (0.1 μm -300 μm) to investigate the relaxation effect of electrical field stimulation (EFS,10 Hz) assessed in the presence of guanethidine (adrenergic blocker, 5 μm) and atropine (muscarinic cholinergic blocker, 1 μm) to obtain non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) response. Cumulative administration of nicotine significantly potentiated the EFS-induced NANC relaxation (-log EC50 = 7.5 ± 0.057). Whereas, the potentiated NANC relaxation of nicotine was significantly inhibited with different concentrations of methyllycaconitine citrate (α7-nAChR antagonist, P &lt; 0.05) in preincubated strips. L-NAME (non-specific nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, 1 μm) completely blocked the neurogenic relaxation induced by EFS plus nicotine.

Conclusion
To conclude α7-nAChR is expressed in rat CC and modulates the neurogenic relaxation response to nicotine.
A novel lipoate attachment enzyme is shared by Plasmodium and Chlamydia species
Authors: Afanador Gustavo A. , Guerra Alfredo J. , Swift Russell P. , Rodriguez Ryan E. , Bartee David , Matthews Krista A. , Schön Arne , Freire Ernesto , Freel Meyers Caren L. , Prigge Sean T. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryLipoate is an essential cofactor for enzymes that are important for central metabolism and other processes. In malaria parasites, scavenged lipoate from the human host is required for survival. The Plasmodium falciparum mitochondrion contains two enzymes (PfLipL1 and PfLipL2) that are responsible for activating mitochondrial proteins through the covalent attachment of lipoate (lipoylation). Lipoylation occurs via a novel redox‐gated mechanism that remains poorly understood. We show that PfLipL1 functions as a redox switch that determines which downstream proteins will be activated. Based on the lipoate redox state, PfLipL1 either functions as a canonical lipoate ligase or as a lipoate activating enzyme which works in conjunction with PfLipL2. We demonstrate that PfLipL2 is a lipoyltransferase and is a member of a novel clade of lipoate attachment enzymes. We show that a LipL2 enzyme from Chlamydia trachomatis has similar activity, demonstrating conservation between intracellular pathogens from different phylogenetic kingdoms and supporting the hypothesis that an early ancestor of malaria parasites once contained a chlamydial endosymbiont. Redox‐dependent lipoylation may regulate processes such as central metabolism and oxidative defense pathways.
The contribution of food science to nutrition science through reformulation in the last 50 years and into the future
Authors: Munday H. S. , Bagley L. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractEating, shopping and cooking habits have radically changed over the last 50 years. This paper examines a number of food categories that have developed significantly over this time period and highlights where food science and specifically reformulation have played a role in developing foods, to better fit into modern, healthy diets. Underpinned by the growing knowledge and application of food science and technology, changes in food and drink composition in response to increased understanding of the links between diet and health have been significant. This trend is expected to continue into the foreseeable future.
Vacuolar processing enzyme 4 contributes to maternal control of grain size in barley by executing programmed cell death in the pericarp
Authors: Radchuk Volodymyr , Tran Van , Radchuk Ruslana , Diaz‐Mendoza Mercedes , Weier Diana , Fuchs Joerg , Riewe David , Hensel Goetz , Kumlehn Jochen , Munz Eberhard , Heinzel Nicolas , Rolletschek Hardy , Martinez Manuel , Borisjuk Ljudmilla 
Published: August 2017

Summary

The angiosperm embryo and endosperm are limited in space because they grow inside maternal seed tissues. The elimination of cell layers of the maternal seed coat by programmed cell death (PCD) could provide space and nutrition to the filial organs.

Using the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seed as a model, we elucidated the role of vacuolar processing enzyme 4 (VPE4) in cereals by using an RNAi approach and targeting the enzymatic properties of the recombinant protein. A comparative characterization of transgenic versus wild‐type plants included transcriptional and metabolic profiling, flow cytometry, histology and nuclear magnetic imaging of grains.

The recombinant VPE4 protein exhibited legumain and caspase‐1 properties in vitro. Pericarp disintegration was delayed in the transgenic grains. Although the VPE4 gene and enzymatic activity was decreased in the early developing pericarp, storage capacity and the size of the endosperm and embryo were reduced in the mature VPE4‐repressed grains.

The persistence of the pericarp in the VPE4‐affected grains constrains endosperm and embryo growth and leads to transcriptional reprogramming, perturbations in signalling and adjustments in metabolism. We conclude that VPE4 expression executes PCD in the pericarp, which is required for later endosperm filling, and argue for a role of PCD in maternal control of seed size in cereals.
The German liberty in England and the Dutch Republic: On the pan‐Protestant literary field and the circulation of a loaded epithet
Authors: Chovanec Kevin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this article, I track the reception of Gustavus Adolphus, Swedish king and hero of the Thirty Years War, across the borders of Northern Europe. I argue that writers in England, the Dutch Republic, and the German territories consciously participated in a ‘pan‐Protestant literary field’, united by shared ambitions, beliefs, and cultural stock. Typology was particularly important in uniting Protestants in the celebration of Gustavus, and it shaped how English and Dutch writers read the war and identified with their suffering co‐religionists. At the same time, terms within the celebration varied radically by context, and I trace the variant understandings of Gustavus's mythic role, ‘Defender of the German Liberty’. German liberty, in both England and the Dutch republic, assumed republican signification only latent in the German materials. I thus suggest that a transnational approach to early modern literature requires a recognition of early modern identifications to better understand how tropes, images, and ideas circulated in the period.
Korean civil engineers: handling of natural disaster management and its implication
Authors: Ha Kyoo‐Man 
Published: August 2017

AbstractEconomic damages, which are influenced by diverse natural disasters, have had quite an impact in Korea. Civil engineers in the country have played a major role in managing floods accompanied by typhoons. This study aims to improve the role of Korean civil engineers in natural disaster management. Comparative perspective was used as the major methodology. Civil engineers' dominance‐oriented management was compared to coordination‐oriented management through four variables, namely civil engineering employees, civil engineering researchers, civil engineering businessmen and other professionals. The key finding is that Korea has to change its civil engineers' dominance‐oriented management into coordination‐oriented management. Similarly, other nations may apply the lessons learned from Korea to their cases via the social impact of disaster, trust relations, participatory approach, various networks, emergency plans, training and exercises and the value of equity.
Hip Abductor Fatigability and Recovery Are Related to the Development of Low Back Pain During Prolonged Standing
Authors: Viggiani Daniel , Callaghan Jack P. 
Published: August 2017

A prolonged standing exposure can identify asymptomatic adults who have a higher risk of developing clinical low back pain later in life. Hip abductor cocontraction differences can predict low back pain development during standing exposures. This study’s purpose was to determine if hip abductor strength, fatigability, and recovery during prolonged standing were related to standing-induced low back pain. Forty young, asymptomatic adults (50% female) performed two 2-hour standing sessions; a fatiguing hip abductor exercise was performed prior to 1 of the 2 standing sessions. Hip abductor strength and surface electromyography of gluteus medius and tensor fascia latae were measured. Self-reported low back pain differentiated low back pain developing (PD) and nonpain developing (NPD) groups. The PD group hip abductors fatigued before the NPD group, with similar perceived effort and force losses. Mean power frequency decreases with fatigue were similar between pain groups for all muscles measured after the fatiguing exercise. Unlike NPDs, PDs did not recover force losses after 120 minutes of standing. Hip abductor fatigability may be related to the development of low back pain in this population.
HIV-1 Cross-Reactive Primary Virus Neutralizing Antibody Response Elicited by Immunization in Nonhuman Primates
Authors: Wang Yimeng , O'Dell Sijy , Turner Hannah L. , Chiang Chi-I , Lei Lin , Guenaga Javier , Wilson Richard , Martinez-Murillo Paola , Doria-Rose Nicole , Ward Andrew B. , Mascola John R. , Wyatt Richard T. , Karlsson Hedestam Gunilla B. , Li Yuxing 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT
Elicitation of broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb) responses is a major goal for the development of an HIV-1 vaccine. Current HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) vaccine candidates elicit predominantly tier 1 and/or autologous tier 2 virus neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses, as well as weak and/or sporadic cross-reactive tier 2 virus NAb responses with unknown specificity. To delineate the specificity of vaccine-elicited cross-reactive tier 2 virus NAb responses, we performed single memory B cell sorting from the peripheral blood of a rhesus macaque immunized with YU2gp140-F trimers in adjuvant, using JR-FL SOSIP.664, a native Env trimer mimetic, as a sorting probe to isolate monoclonal Abs (MAbs). We found striking genetic and functional convergence of the SOSIP-sorted Ig repertoire, with predominant VH4 or VH5 gene family usage and Env V3 specificity. Of these vaccine-elicited V3-specific MAbs, nearly 20% (6/33) displayed cross-reactive tier 2 virus neutralization, which recapitulated the serum neutralization capacity. Substantial similarities in binding specificity, neutralization breadth and potency, and sequence/structural homology were observed between selected macaque cross-reactive V3 NAbs elicited by vaccination and prototypic V3 NAbs derived from natural infections in humans, highlighting the convergence of this subset of primate V3-specific B cell repertories. Our study demonstrated that cross-reactive primary virus neutralizing B cell lineages could be elicited by vaccination as detected using a standardized panel of tier 2 viruses. Whether these lineages could be expanded to acquire increased breadth and potency of neutralization merits further investigation.

IMPORTANCE
Elicitation of antibody responses capable of neutralizing diverse HIV-1 primary virus isolates (designated broadly neutralizing antibodies [bNAbs]) remains a high priority for the vaccine field. bNAb responses were so far observed only in response to natural infection within a subset of individuals. To achieve this goal, an improved understanding of vaccine-elicited responses, including at the monoclonal Ab level, is essential. Here, we isolated and characterized a panel of vaccine-elicited cross-reactive neutralizing MAbs targeting the Env V3 loop that moderately neutralized several primary viruses and recapitulated the serum neutralizing antibody response. Striking similarities between the cross-reactive V3 NAbs elicited by vaccination in macaques and natural infections in humans illustrate commonalities between the vaccine- and infection-induced responses to V3 and support the feasibility of exploring the V3 epitope as a HIV-1 vaccine target in nonhuman primates.
Ptosis, miosis and cats
Authors: Espí­rito Santo Rita , Salgado Catarina , Prata Filipa , Mouzinho Ana 
Published: August 2017

Horner’s syndrome (HS) is caused by a disruption in the oculosympathetic pathway. Both congenital and acquired HS are unusual in children. Acquired HS can be caused by trauma, surgical intervention, tumours, vascular malformations or infection.We describe the case of a 6-year-old boy who was brought to our emergency department with ptosis, miosis, painful cervical lymphadenopathy and a cat scratch on a hand. The diagnosis of a cat scratch disease was confirmed by serology. A full recovery was observed on antibiotic treatment and cervical lymphadenomegaly reduction 3 weeks later.