bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-Censorship and Self-Fashioning: Gaps in Libanius’ Letter Collection
Authors: Van Hoof Lieve 
Published: June 2017

Zelfcensuur en zelfpresentatie : Lacunes in Libanius’ Briefcollectie.
De brieven van Libanius dateren uit de jaren 355 tot 365 enerzijds, en 388 tot 393 anderzijds. Sinds de zestiger jaren wordt het ontbreken van brieven uit de tussenliggende jaren verklaard als een act van zelfcensuur : Libanius zou zijn briefarchief onderbroken hebben uit angst voor vijandige keizers. Dit artikel stelt een nieuwe interpretatie voor. In de eerste twee secties wordt aangetoond dat de argumenten die traditioneel worden aangehaald om de hypothese van zelfcensuur te staven geen steek houden, en dat die hypothese in het algemeen onhoudbaar is. De derde sectie houdt de lacune opnieuw tegen het licht : hoewel de manuscripten geenszins aanwijzingen bevatten dat er tussen brief 839 en brief 840 een chronologische sprong voorwaarts van meer dan twintig jaar plaats vindt, presenteren de eerste brieven uit de late periode zich niettemin duidelijk als een nieuw epistolair begin. De laatste sectie, ten slotte, argumenteert dat zelfpresentatie een minstens even belangrijke rol speelt als zelfcensuur : omdat de brieven uit de jaren 366 tot 387 niet alleen gericht waren aan minder luisterrijke adressaten maar ook controversiële onderwerpen uit de weg gingen – in die zin is er wel degelijk sprake van zelfcensuur – zouden zij het beeld van een zelfzekere, goed geconnecteerde persoonlijkheid dat Libanius in de rest van de collectie en in zijn Autobiografie ontwikkelt, onderuit hebben gehaald.
Geheugenconstructie in mondelinge geschiedenis. De casus van de dronken dokwerker
Authors: Weber Donald 
Published: June 2017

The construction of memories in oral history. The case of the ‘ drunken docker’.
The representation of port workers in our society is dominated by its association with excessive alcohol consumption. In this article we analyze how the positions of the various actors in the narrative process have affected the historical construction of the drunken docker. At a methodological level it is emphasized that oral history is at the same height as other sources. The text opposes the use of transcripts, and advocates replacing mere sound recordings with video recordings. At the analytical level the importance is emphasized of considering the interview as a dynamic growth process between the interviewer(s) and the respondent(s). The case study shows how delicate memory construction can be. A number of port workers involved oppose the wording of this historic practice, but their attempts to exert pressure are unsuccessful. At the same time an even bigger problem is found unexpectedly. The popular imaging showed a huge influence and has affected the way in which the researcher has drawn the narrative representation.
Le sang de Mérovée. “Préhistoire” de la dynastie et du royaume mérovingiens
Authors: Renard Étienne 
Published: June 2017

Merovech’s Blood. «Prehistory » of the Merovingian Dynasty and Kingdom
When they deal with the origins of the Merovingian dynasty and the establishment of their kingdom, modern historians have primarily based themselves on the “ Histories” of Gregory of Tours, though he wrote more than one century after the events and had a very uneven knowledge of said history. Reviewing all available evidence, this paper places particular emphasis on the value of two royal genealogies : Much neglected by historians, they allow us to draw up a new pedigree of Childeric’s ancestors, which seems much more satisfactory than the existing ones. Together with other data, these genealogies speak in favour of the birth of a “ Salian” or “ pre-Merovingian” regnum under the control of the Frank Chlodio in the late 420s or early 430s, with the support of laeti communities already settled in the civitates of Tongeren, Cambrai and Tournai. It is plausible that this kingdom, which Childeric was to inherit, was not the ineluctable consequence of a progressive occupation of these lands by Frankish populations coming from Toxandria or from across the Rhine, but the outcome of a seizure of power by barbarian soldiers in a dying Empire.
La formation de l’identité étudiante sous la Troisième République et les obsèques de Jules Michelet
Authors: Creyghton Camille 
Published: June 2017

Student Identity Formation in the Third Republic and the Public Burial of Jules Michelet
On 18 May 1876, two years after his death, Michelet was buried on the Père Lachaise graveyard. This occasion attracted a large crowd and several republican leaders. Two months beforehand, the republicans had won important elections, a context that gave this burial the character of a victory celebration. However, the largest group of the attendance were the students of the Quartier latin. This paper will show that this public burial was the first large student manifestation in Paris since 1848. With the use of recent theories of the field of cultural memory studies, it will be argued that this occasion permitted the students to constitute themselves already as a group with its own identity when the organization of the university still impeded such an identity formation.
Transnational Brokering. The Case for Symbolism and Surrealism in Flanders
Authors: Verbruggen Christophe , Vandevoorde Hans 
Published: June 2017

Transgenerationele bemiddeling. Het geval van symbolisme en surrealisme in Vlaanderen
In de zelfdefinitie van schrijvers en literaire critici worden literaire ‘ generaties’ en ‘ bewegingen’ niet zelden als synoniemen gebruikt. In deze bijdrage gaan we dieper in op de theorievorming rond literaire generaties en het fenomeen van de transgenerationele bemiddeling. Uitgaande van de casussen van het symbolisme en surrealisme in het algemeen en P. G. (Gust) van Hecke (1887-1967) en Marc. Eemans (1907-1997) in het bijzonder, ontwikkelen we de these dat bij de studie van literaire bewegingen de bemiddelaars die de grenzen in tijd (generaties), taal (Frans en Nederlands) en ruimte (België) overstijgen al te vaak buiten het gezichtsveld blijven. Maar door net te focussen op culturele brokers als van Hecke en Eemans is het mogelijk de gangbare geschiedschrijving van het surrealisme in het Nederlandse en Franse taalgebied te retoucheren.
Mise en place d’une expérience avec le grand public : entre recherche, vulgarisation et pédagogie
Authors: Lohéac Youenn , Hayyan Alia , Bazart Cécile , Bchir Mohamed Ali , Blondel Serge , Bonescu Mihaela , Bornier Alexandrine , Brouard Joëlle , Chappe Nathalie , Cochard François , Flage Alexandre , Galeotti Fabio , Hollandts Xavier , Jacquemet Nicolas , Le Lec Fabrice , Lefebvre Marianne , Leplat Mélody , Peterle Emmanuel , Petit Emmanuel , Rozan Anne , Villeval Marie Claire , Willinger Marc , Zylbersztejn Adam , Sutan Angela , Hopfensitz Astrid , Peron Guillaume , Mantilla Cesar , Mateu Guillermo , Rosaz Julie , Raiber Eva , Tisserand Jean-Christian 
Published: June 2017

Nous présentons la mise en place d’une expérience lors d’un événement grand public national, de manière simultanée dans onze villes françaises, en septembre 2015. L’expérience a impliqué plus de 2 700 participants et a duré quatre heures ininterrompues. L’objectif de cet article est à la fois de fournir une feuille de route pour une éventuelle réplication et de penser à la manière dont la discipline peut être utilisée dans des terrains nouveaux (vulgarisation, pédagogie populaire, communication grand public).
Une nouvelle approche expérimentale pour tester les modèles quantiques de l’erreur de conjonction
Authors: Duchêne Sébastien , Boyer-Kassem Thomas , Guerci Eric 
Published: June 2017

La théorie classique des probabilités requiert que la probabilité de la conjonction de deux événements soit inférieure à la probabilité d’un des événements seul. Or les sujets ne jugent empiriquement pas toujours ainsi : c’est la traditionnelle erreur de conjonction. L’une des explications actuellement prometteuses de ce paradoxe repose sur des modèles dits quantiques, développés à partir des outils mathématiques de la mécanique quantique. Mais ces modèles sont-ils empiriquement adéquats ? Quelles versions de ces modèles peuvent être employées ? En particulier, les versions les plus simples, dites non dégénérées, peuvent-elles être suffisantes ? Nous proposons ici un protocole expérimental original pour tester en laboratoire les modèles quantiques de l’erreur de conjonction. Les résultats obtenus suggèrent que les modèles non dégénérés ne sont pas empiriquement adéquats, et que la recherche future concernant les modèles quantiques devrait s’orienter vers les modèles dégénérés.
Combined antiretroviral and antituberculosis drug resistance following incarceration
Authors: Stott Katharine Elizabeth , De Oliveira Tulio , Lessells Richard John 
Published: June 2017

We describe a case of HIV/tuberculosis (TB) co-infection from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, characterised by drug resistance in both pathogens. The development of drug resistance was linked temporally to two periods of incarceration. This highlights the urgent need for improved integration of HIV/TB control strategies within prison health systems and within the broader public health framework.
Chylothorax associated with non-endemic Kaposi’s sarcoma
Authors: Verma Kamal , Haverkamp Miriam , Kayembe Mukendi , Musimar Zola 
Published: June 2017

Chylothorax is a rare cause of pleural effusion, seen in approximately 2% of cases. In HIV-positive patients with Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), the development of chylothorax presents as a diagnostic challenge with an aggressive course and poor, often lethal outcome. In this clinical scenario, the aetiology of chylothorax may include infections and malignancy, while pleural fluid examination and computed tomography of the mediastinum may fail to establish a cause. We present a case of KS-associated non-traumatic chylothorax resulting in death, and a review of available literature on this condition.
Blood flow in the forearm in patients with Rheumatoid arthritis and healthy subjects under local thermotherapy
Authors: Mucha C. 
Published: June 2017

Objectives: Muscle blood flow in the forearm of patients with rheuma-toid arthritis and healthy volunteers following treatment with temperature increasingarm baths, mudpacks and short- or decimeter-wave diathermy was studied in thisinvestigation. The aim of the study was to find out the difference of reactive hyperemia between the different temperature methods as well as the influence on theconsensual reaction. Subjects: Eighty patients with rheumatoid arthritis, stage 3 according toSteinbrocker, as well as 80 healthy human subjects had been assigned numerically in the four therapy- and controlgroups. Patients with diseases influencing the peripheral blood flow were excluded. Design: Blood flow was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography in both forearms with the subjects lyingsupine. The application of the local heat therapies had been excluded on the left forearm. The forearm blood flow wasmonitored before heat therapy, directly after as well as in two further 10 minutes intervals. An analysis of variancewas used to determine the influence on blood flow of the response to the heat therapies in patients with rheumatoidarthritis and healthy subjects.Results: Under homogeneous starting conditions and a statistically uniformed high blood flow in rest the reactive values of blood flow on the left-hand side of application and the right consensual side showed high significant differencesbetween all methods of therapy. Differences between the patients and the healthy subjects only showed tendencies withpartially lower reactions, concerning the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. All methods of heat therapy caused a statistically provable consensual reaction that turned out smaller after diathermic methods. Here the post therapeuticreaction of the blood flow on the side of application was also lower or rather shorter. Conclusion: Greater differences of the blood flow in rest between the patients with rheumatoid arthritis and healthysubjects could not be observed. Temperature increasing arm baths and mud packs induced a provable higher increaseof local and consensual forearm blood flow than did diathermic methods. These results lead to the conclusion thatthere are differences in temperature distribution between the methods of therapy. Increasing arm baths and mud packsseem to have a stronger influence on the thermo reflexive skin perfusion.
Measurement of the magnitude of force applied by students when learning a mobilisation technique
Authors: Smit E. , Conradie M. , Wessels J. , Witbooi I. , Otto R. 
Published: June 2017

Passive accessory intervertebral movements (PAIVM’s) are frequently used by physiotherapists in the assessment and management of patients. Studies investigating the reliability of passive mobilisation techniques have shown conflicting results. Therefore, standardisation of PAIVM’s is essential for research and teaching purposes, which could result in better clinical management. In order to standardise graded passive mobilisation techniques, a reliable, easy-to-use, objective measurement tool must be used. The aim of this study was to determine whether it is necessary to quantify the magnitude of force applied when teaching a grade I central posteroanterior (PA) mobilisation technique (according to Maitland) on the cervical spine. An objective measurement tool (FlexiForceTM) was used to determine the consistency of force applied by third and fourth year physiotherapy students while performing this technique. Twenty third- and 20 fourth year physiotherapy students (n=40) were randomly selected. Each subject performed a grade I central PA on sensors placed on C6 for 25 seconds. The average maximum grade 1 force applied by the third year students was significantly higher than the force applied by the fourth year students (p=0.034). There was a significantly larger variation in applied force among third years (p=0.00043). The results indicate that the current teaching method is insufficient to ensure inter-therapist reliability amongst students, emphasising the need for an objective measurement tool to be used for teaching students. The measurement tool used in this study is economical, easily applied and is an efficient method of measuring the magnitude of force. Further research is needed to demonstrate the reliability and validity of the tool to assist teaching and research in a clinical setting.
The effect of compressed air massage on untraumatised rabbit skeletal muscle - a morphometric and ultrastructural study
Authors: Gregory M. A. , Mars M. 
Published: June 2017

One of the therapeutic uses of massage is to facilitate repairof damaged tissue. A potential hazard of massage is that direct pressure onmuscle is known to damage skeletal myofibres. This study examines theeffect of a new form of massage using compressed air on the morphology ofuntraumatised rabbit skeletal myofibres. Under anaesthetic, the left and right vastus lateralis muscles of 16 New Zealand, white rabbits were treated with 10 minutes of compressed air therapy at 1 Bar using a single hole (5 mm) applicator head and control biopsies were taken from the opposite limb. Biopsies were prepared for light microscopy and transmission electronmicroscopy. Morphometry, using image analysis revealed a significant increase in myofibre diameters 10 minutes (p < 0.001) and 24 hours (p<0.01) after compressed air massage. Six days after treatment diameters were significantly reduced (p < 0.01). Morphologically, myofibres in control specimens were normal. Shortly after compressed air massage, juxta-nuclear and intermyofibrillar oedema was present and electron-lucent spaces were filled with swollen mitochondria and elements of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Glycogen and other non-contractile organelles were sometimes aggregated in oedematous, sub-sarcolemmal regions. Twenty four hours after treatment, intermyofibrillar oedema was reduced, but SR swelling remained and many fibres were characterised by focal and large areas of myofibrillar disorganisation. With the exception of occasional swollen elements of the SR and a single internalised nucleus, myofibres morphology had returned to normal 6 days after treatment. Compressed air massage causes less damage to skeletal myofibres than a similar form of localised pressure treatment, deep transverse frictions. Clinicalstudies using this new modality are warranted.
A pilot study comparing two physiotherapy techniques in patietnts with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Milne S. M. , Eales C. J. 
Published: June 2017

The flutter is a simple hand held device designed to facilitate the mobilisation of excess bronchial secretions by means of oscillating positive pressure. Traditionally patients at the Johannesburg Hospital Cystic Fibrosis clinic used the active cycle of breathing technique as a means of facilitating secretion mobilisation and clearance. When the flutter became available in South Africa in 1999 many cystic fibrosis patients wanted to change to this technique. Minimal research has been conducted comparing these two techniques. The aim of this pilot study was therefore to determine which technique is more effective in the mobilisation of secretions in cystic fibrosis patients. The pilot study was conducted on seven cystic fibrosis patients (mean age 28 years, range 16-42 years) admitted to the Johannesburg Hospital for antibiotic therapy. The study lasted four days and consisted of two treatment days separated by a washout day on which no physiotherapy was performed. Patients randomised into Group A performed the flutter technique on day two and the active cycle of breathing technique on day four. Group B performed the active cycle of breathing technique on day two and the flutter on day four. The techniques were performed twice a day for 15 minutes. The measurements taken were daily 24-hour sputum samples and daily lung function tests. A questionnaire to determine patient preference to a technique concluded the study. The results showed no statistical difference between the two techniques with regard to sputum weight or lung function (p<0.05). The questionnaire indicated that on a whole, patients had no preference for a technique.
HIV - implications for exercise in treatment and rehabilitation
Authors: Mars M. 
Published: June 2017

Exercise is an integral part of many forms of rehabilitationfollowing muscle injury or surgery. It is usual to advise patients with a viral infection to avoid exercise because of the risk of developing myocarditis. Should HIV+ patients should be encouraged to undertake exercise as part of rehabilitation and should they further be advised to participate in regular exercise? There is sufficient evidence to support the benefits of regular exercise in the HIV+ patient. They will experience a training effect dependent on the normal parameters of frequency, intensity, duration, and mode of exercise. The disease does place potential limitations to exercise, as the HI virus directly affects pulmonary, cardiac, skeletal muscle and endocrine function. The effects of these changes may be exacerbated by secondary infection and other pathological changes may be induced by treatment. The advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy has brought with it a range of metabolic changes that may also influence exercise participation. The limitations to exercise imposed by HIV infection and its treatment are reviewed.
An innovative strategy to expand clinical education: a report on the students`view
Authors: Frieg A. , Lochner R. 
Published: June 2017

Clinical education is an integral part of undergraduate physiotherapy training. The minimum hours of clinical training required differ from country to country. As a result of a magnitude of reasons, academic institutions find it increasingly difficult to place their students at appropriate clinical sites. Consequently, the physiotherapy department at Stellenbosch University has embarked on an innovative approach to substitute this shortness of placements for 3rdyear physiotherapy students in 2003. Once all the students had rotated through this new cluster of learning opportunities, the students evaluated this approach. A self-developed questionnaire consisting of open-ended questions was used for this survey. The response rate was 83%. The vast majority of students found the structure of this new block enjoyable and meaningful. It will therefore be continued in the future and evaluated on a regular basis.
Perceived needs of caregivers of stroke patients’ receiving out-patient physiotherapy treatment in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Khondowe O. , Rhoda A. , Mpofu R. 
Published: June 2017

Caregivers of stroke patients have needs that should be addressed. The aim of this study was to gain information regarding the expressed needs of informal caregivers of stroke patients who are receiving out-patient physiotherapy treatment at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. A qualitative study, using indepth interviews, was carried out to collect data regarding the needs of these caregivers. Ten caregivers formed the study sample. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed and analysed into themes that emerged from the data. Five themes relating to the needs of the care-givers emerged following the analysis of the data. These included: the lack of information regarding stroke; the need for skills training to enable the caregiver to assist the patient at home; the need for financial support; a need for home-based therapy and the need for physical assistance when caring for patients at home. The caregivers of patients need more information regarding strokes as well as a community-based rather than an institution-based approach to rehabilitation. Rehabilitation professionals in Zambia could use the information gained from this study to implement rehabilitation programmes, which wouldaddress the needs of caregivers in that country
The psychometric properties of the Roland Morris disability questionnaire for patients with chronic mechanical low back pain
Authors: Buchanan H. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose: Functional status measures are currently not widelyused in South Africa to facilitate clinical decision-making or document treatment outcomes for patients with low back pain (LBP). This study investigated the internal consistency and clinical utility of a back-specific functional status measure, the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), and determined its ability to confirm the need for spinal fusion surgery. Method: Aretrospective, descriptive design was used with 42 patients with chronic mechanical low back pain who consulted a private Orthopaedic surgeon in Cape Town over a one year period. All patients completed the RMDQ prior to their consultation. On completion of the medical examination, a rating for surgery was determined for each patient. The completed questionnaires were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: The mean RMDQ score was 8.6 (N=42; median=9.0; range=2-21). Cronbach’s alpha showed a high internal consistency between items (.92). A categorical principal component analysis (CATPCA) identified two distinct dimensions in the RMDQ. Item reduction improved the internal consistency and thus the construct validity of the RMDQ. There was a low correlation between the surgeon’s rating for surgery and RMDQ scores (r=.40; P<.01). Conclusion: The RMDQ shows some good psychometric properties but some adjustments could improve it. The RMDQ cannot be used to predict the need for spinal fusion surgery.
Physiotherapy in a whiplash injury: a case report
Authors: Van Eck C. 
Published: June 2017

Study Design: Case ReportObjectives: To describe physiotherapy intervention in an individual with asuspected whiplash injury.Background: The patient was a 29-year old male with complaints of neckpain and tightness following a motor vehicle accident. Methods and Measures: The focus of the case study is physiotherapyassessment and intervention in a stage II whiplash injury. Results: Following intervention, positive changes occurred in outcome measures such as pain, work status and activities of daily living. Conclusion: Physiotherapy intervention is successful in addressing whiplash associated disorders.