bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioinspired Continuous and Spontaneous Antigravity Oil Collection and Transportation
Authors: Zhang Yaxin , Cao Moyuan , Peng Yun , Jin Xu , Tian Dongliang , Liu Kesong , Jiang Lei 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLiquids with low surface tension, such as petroleum, serve as the source of power for development of modern industry. Spontaneous and directional transportation of oily liquids in aqueous environment has drawn wide attentions owing to its scientific significance and practical prospect in marine petroleum exploitation and oil spill cleanup. Persistent effort has been made to the directional transportation of oil droplets under specific assistance. However, the spontaneous oriented movement of oil, especially the air/water two‐phase oil delivery is still identified as a big challenge. Here, a bioinspired superoleophobic pump has been fabricated through the assembly of a superoleophobic mesh and an oil column. Depending on the directional releases of surface energy, oil droplets can be continuously collected and pumped to centimeters high without additional driving forces. The antigravity oil delivery system can realize continuous oil flow under water, even the air/water two‐phase oil transportation. This work demonstrates a new mode of liquid transportation without external energy and should open a new way to design novel fluid delivery systems to realize diverse liquid transport.
3D Multiscale Superhydrophilic Sponges with Delicately Designed Pore Size for Ultrafast Oil/Water Separation
Authors: Lv Weiyang , Mei Qingqing , Xiao Jianliang , Du Miao , Zheng Qiang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDeveloping novel filtering materials with both high permeation flux and rejection rate presents an enticing prospect for oil/water separation. In this paper, robust porous poly(melamine formaldehyde) (PMF) sponges with superwettability and controlled pore sizes through introducing layered double hydroxides (LDH) and SiO2 electrospun nanofibers are reported. The LDH nanoscrolls endow the sponge with inherent superhydrophilicity and the SiO2 nanofibers act as pore size regulators by overlapping the PMF mainframe. This approach allows the intrinsic large pores in the pristine sponge to decrease quickly from 109.50 to 23.35 µm, while maintaining porosity above 97.8%. The resulting modified sponges with varied pore sizes can effectively separate a wide range of oil/water mixtures, including the surfactant‐stabilized emulsions, solely by gravity, with ultrahigh permeation flux (maximum of 3 × 105 L m−2 h−1 bar−1) and satisfactory oil rejection (above 99.46%). Moreover, separation of emulsions stabilized by different surfactants, such as anionic, nonionic, and cationic surfactants has been investigated for further practical evaluation. It is expected that such a pore size tuning technology can provide a low cost and easily scaled‐up method to construct a series of filtering materials for high‐efficient separation of target oil/water mixtures.
Flexible Gallium Nitride for High‐Performance, Strainable Radio‐Frequency Devices
Authors: Glavin Nicholas R. , Chabak Kelson D. , Heller Eric R. , Moore Elizabeth A. , Prusnick Timothy A. , Maruyama Benji , Walker Dennis E. , Dorsey Donald L. , Paduano Qing , Snure Michael 
Published: November 2017

AbstractFlexible gallium nitride (GaN) thin films can enable future strainable and conformal devices for transmission of radio‐frequency (RF) signals over large distances for more efficient wireless communication. For the first time, strainable high‐frequency RF GaN devices are demonstrated, whose exceptional performance is enabled by epitaxial growth on 2D boron nitride for chemical‐free transfer to a soft, flexible substrate. The AlGaN/GaN heterostructures transferred to flexible substrates are uniaxially strained up to 0.85% and reveal near state‐of‐the‐art values for electrical performance, with electron mobility exceeding 2000 cm2 V−1 s−1 and sheet carrier density above 1.07 × 1013 cm−2. The influence of strain on the RF performance of flexible GaN high‐electron‐mobility transistor (HEMT) devices is evaluated, demonstrating cutoff frequencies and maximum oscillation frequencies greater than 42 and 74 GHz, respectively, at up to 0.43% strain, representing a significant advancement toward conformal, highly integrated electronic materials for RF applications.
Engineering Contactless Particle–Particle Interactions in Active Microswimmers
Authors: Nourhani Amir , Brown Daniel , Pletzer Nicholas , Gibbs John G. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractArtificial self‐propelled colloidal particles have recently served as effective building blocks for investigating many dynamic behaviors exhibited by nonequilibrium systems. However, most studies have relied upon excluded volume interactions between the active particles. Experimental systems in which the mobile entities interact over long distances in a well‐defined and controllable manner are valuable so that new modes of multiparticle dynamics can be studied systematically in the laboratory. Here, a system of self‐propelled microscale Janus particles is engineered to have contactless particle–particle interactions that lead to long‐range attraction, short‐range repulsion, and mutual alignment between adjacent swimmers. The unique modes of motion that arise can be tuned by modulating the system's parameters.
Realization of Full Control of a Terahertz Wave Using Flexible Metasurfaces
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhang Min , Liang Huawei 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCompared with devices controlling microwave and visible light, there is a lack of functional devices for terahertz (THz) wave control. Moreover, the available THz elements are usually manufactured with bulk materials, in contrast to the trend of miniaturization and compact device requirements. Here, full control of both phase and amplitude is achieved experimentally and numerically at 0.14 THz, one of the atmospheric windows, by demonstrating the functionalities such as polarization conversion, metalenses and the generation of a non‐diffraction Airy beam. Significantly, the metal structures are fabricated on a flexible substrate with a total thickness of ≈0.063 l via a standard flexible printed circuit technique. Taking into account the considerable manipulation efficiency and cost‐efficient sample fabrication technique, the results show solid advances in the development of metasurfaces as a versatile platform for designing practical functional devices in the THz range.
Palladium Catalyzed C−C and C−N Bond Formation via ortho C−H Activation and Decarboxylative Strategy: A Practical Approach towards N‐Acylated Indoles
Authors: Kumar Saurabh , Singh Rahul , Singh Krishna Nand 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA concerted palladium catalyzed C−H activation and decarboxylative strategy has been explored for the efficient synthesis of N‐acylated indoles. The process allows a facile step‐ and atom‐economic assembly of 3‐arylated indole ring from inexpensive and readily available anilides and cinnamic acids as reacting partners.magnified image
Mechanistic Investigation into RhIII‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Redox‐Neutral Annulation of Aryl Hydrazines with a Tethered Alkyne
Authors: Wu Weirong , Ren Dongcheng , Xu Benzhen , Ma Xiaoying , Huang Caiyun , Zhang Jing , Liu Tao 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA mechanistic study of the Cp*RhIII‐catalyzed (Cp*=η5‐pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) intramolecular redox‐neutral annulation of tethered alkynes was carried out by density functional calculations using the M06 method. Our results show that the reductive elimination step of the catalytic cycle is rate determining, and the overall energy barrier of the entire process is 31.4 kcal mol−1 (L‐II→L‐TS8‐9). This is in agreement with experimental results that reported the C−H bond cleavage not to be the rate‐determining step. According to our calculations, the feasible mechanism for the RhIII→RhV→RhIII process involves an acylamino migration and subsequent reductive elimination process, which is different from the pathway previously proposed by Li's group. The present calculations elucidate the experimental observations on the molecular level.
Encapsulation of a Quinhydrone Cofactor in the Inner Pocket of Cobalt Triangular Prisms: Combined Light‐Driven Reduction of Protons and Hydrogenation of Nitrobenzene
Authors: Zhao Liang , Wei Jianwei , Zhang Jing , He Cheng , Duan Chunying 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe design of artificial systems that mimic highly evolved and finely tuned natural photosynthetic systems has attracted intensive research interest. A new system was formulated that encapsulates a quinhydrone (QHQ) cofactor in metal–organic hosts based on inspiration from the redox relays of photosystem II. The M6L3 triangular prism hosts provided a special redox‐modulated environment for the cofactor localized within the pocket, and the proximity effects of the host–guest interactions facilitated the formation of charge‐transfer complexes that are typically very difficult to form in normal homogeneous systems. Extensive electron delocalization and well‐controlled redox potential were induced to decrease the overpotential of the metal sites for proton reduction. The excellent activity and stability of the supramolecular systems allow the tandem reductions being combined to efficiently reduce nitrobenzene using active H‐sources from the light activation of water.
Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Heterocycles by Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Annulation of N‐Methoxyamides with α‐Chloroaldehydes
Authors: Huang Ji‐Rong , Bolm Carsten 
Published: November 2017

Abstractα‐Chloroaldehydes have been used as alkyne equivalents in rhodium‐catalyzed syntheses of isoquinolones and 3,4‐dihydroisoquinolins starting from N‐methoxyamides. Compared to the existing technology, a complementary regioselectivity is achieved. Mechanistic investigations have been performed, and it was found that steric effects of both substrate and additive determine the product selectivity. Various other heterocycles, such as isoquinolines and lactones, can be prepared by transformation of the obtained products.
Highly Branched Polymers with Layered Structures that Mimic Light‐Harvesting Processes
Authors: Shi Yi , Cao Xiaosong , Hu Daqiao , Gao Haifeng 
Published: November 2017

AbstractHyperbranched polymers (HBPs) with decorated donor and acceptor chromophores in different domains were constructed to demonstrate the function of light harvesting in a polymeric nanostructure. Taking advantage of our recently developed chain‐growth copper‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition polymerization, two structural parameters in the HBPs, for example, the molar ratio of the acceptor Coumarin 343 in the core to the donor Coumarin 2 on the periphery, and the average distance between these two layers, could be independently varied in a one‐pot synthesis. The results demonstrated an efficient energy transfer from the excited Coumarin 2 to the ground‐state Coumarin 343 in the core, with the efficiency of the energy transfer reaching as high as 98 %. The excited Coumarin 343, after receiving energy from donor Coumarin 2 emitted higher fluorescence intensity than when directly excited, indicating an observed light concentration effect from the periphery dye to the central dye in one polymer structure.
Tuning the gas separation performance of fluorinated and sulfonated PEEK membranes by incorporation of zeolite 4A
Authors: Tahir Zaman , Ilyas Ayesha , Li Xianfeng , Bilad Muhammad Roil , Vankelecom Ivo F. J. , Khan Asim Laeeq 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTMixed matrix membranes (MMMs) containing fluorinated‐sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (F‐SPEEK) and zeolite 4A filler, were prepared by solution casting. F‐SPEEK with a fixed degree of sulfonation (40%) was used for membrane synthesis. The SEM pictures showed good interfacial adhesion between filler particles and polymer, which was also confirmed by the increase in glass transition temperature of MMMs with increase in filler particles. Pure and mixed gas permeation experiments were carried out to investigate the potential of this membrane material. The results revealed that addition of zeolite 4A fillers enhanced both permeability and selectivity owing to the intrinsic nature of polymer and modified membrane morphology due to filler. The highest permeability obtained for CO2 at 30% filler loading was 49.2 Barrer, while highest selectivities obtained for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 were 55 and 58 compared to 47 and 51 for the unfilled polymer, respectively. Intrinsic CO2 solubility of F‐SPEEK was observed to be decreased from 10.7 to 1.9 (10−2) cm3 (STP)/cm3 cmHg with the addition of Zeolite 4A. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45952.
Maternal report of fever from cold or flu during early pregnancy and the risk for noncardiac birth defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2011
Authors: Waller Dorothy Kim , Hashmi Syed Shahrukh , Hoyt Adrienne T. , Duong Hao T. , Tinker Sarah C. , Gallaway Michael Shayne , Olney Richard S. , Finnell Richard H. , Hecht Jacqueline Tauber , Canfield Mark A. ,   the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: November 2017

BackgroundAs maternal fever affects approximately 6–8% of early pregnancies, it is important to expand upon previous observations of an association between maternal fever and birth defects.MethodsWe analyzed data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a multistate, case‐control study of major structural birth defects. Telephone interviews were completed by mothers of cases (n = 17,162) and controls (n = 10,127). Using multivariable logistic regression, we assessed the association between maternal self‐report of cold or fluwith feverand cold or fluwithout feverduring early pregnancy and 30 categories of non‐cardiac birth defects.ResultsMaternal report of cold or fluwith feverwas significantly associated with 8 birth defects (anencephaly, spina bifida, encephalocele, cleft lip with or without cleft palate, colonic atresia/stenosis, bilateral renal agenesis/hypoplasia, limb reduction defects, and gastroschisis) with elevated adjusted odds ratios ranging from 1.2 to 3.7. Maternal report of cold or fluwithout feverwas not associated with any of the birth defects studied.ConclusionsThis study adds to the evidence that maternal fever during early pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for selected birth defects. Elevated associations were limited to mothers who reported a fever, suggesting that it is fever that contributes to the excess risk rather than illnesses associated with it. However, fever may also serve as a marker for more severe infections.
Umlenkkräfte bei Satteldachbindern
Authors: Huber Tobias , Huber Patrick , Kollegger Johann 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDer Firstbereich bei Satteldachbindern stellt einen Diskontinuitätsbereich dar, an welchem unter Biegebeanspruchung Umlenkkräfte auftreten. Bei unzureichender Verbügelung können diese zu großen Rissweiten und damit zu einer Verminderung der Tragfähigkeit des Querschnitts führen. Seit geraumer Zeit fordern Normenwerke daher eine volle Verbügelung der nach einem einfachen Stabwerkmodell kalkulierten Umlenkkräfte. Zur Größe der aufnehmbaren Umlenkkraft zum Zeitpunkt der Rissbildung werden keine Regelungen getroffen und so gestaltet sich die Bewertung der Tragfähigkeit von Bestandsbauten schwierig. In diesem Artikel wird die experimentelle Untersuchung eines – einer realen Fabrikhalle nachempfundenen – Satteldachbinders mit unzureichender Verbügelung beschrieben. Die Ergebnisse der beiden großformatigen Vier‐Punkt‐Biegeversuche zeigen die erwartete Ablösung des Druckflansches und die damit verbundene Herabsetzung der Querschnittstragfähigkeit. Auf diesen Untersuchungen gründend, wird erstmalig ein physikalisches Modell zur Bestimmung der aufnehmbaren Umlenkkräfte vorgestellt und sein Potenzial anhand einer Parameterstudie mittels Finite‐Elemente‐Simulationen illustriert.
Minimale Krümmungsradien interner Spannglieder mit nachträglichem Verbund
Authors: Lindorf Alexander , Hannoun Jamil 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMit der Einführung des EAD 160004 als neue Grundlage für die Erteilung von Europäischen Technischen Bewertungen im Bereich Spannverfahren erfolgt auf europäischer Ebene erstmalig eine Festlegung von minimalen Krümmungsradien für Umlenkungen von internen Spanngliedern mit nachträglichem Verbund. Diese Festlegung weicht von den bisher in Deutschland national zugelassenen Mindestkrümmungsradien deutlich ab. Neben der Erläuterung einiger Hintergründe kann im Beitrag anhand einer differenzierenden Vergleichsbetrachtung ein Zusammenhang zwischen den bisherigen und den neuen Mindestradien hergestellt werden. Mit der Wahl einer geeigneten zulässigen Querpressung der am stärksten belasteten Spannstahllitze ist es möglich, die bisherigen Werte in das neue Format auf Basis eines nunmehr eindeutigen Akzeptanzkriteriums zu überführen. Bei Einhaltung des Grenzwerts für den Krümmungsradius von 2,50 m ist die Spannstahlbiegung infolge der Spanngliedumlenkung nicht maßgebend.
Fabrication of nitrogen‐ and phosphorous‐doped carbon dots by the pyrolysis method for iodide and iron(III) sensing
Authors: Chandra Soumen , Chowdhuri Angshuman Ray , Laha Dipranjan , Sahu Sumanta Kumar 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA facile and novel strategy to synthesize nitrogen‐ and phosphorous‐doped carbon dots (NPCDs) by single step pyrolysis method is described here. Citric acid is used as carbon source and di‐ammonium hydrogen phosphate is used as both nitrogen and phosphorous sources, respectively. Through the extensive study on optical properties, morphology and chemical structures of the synthesized NPCDs, it is found that as‐synthesized NPCDs exhibited good excitation‐dependent luminescence property, spherical morphology and high stability. The obtained NPCDs are stable in aqueous medium and possess a quantum yield of 10.58%. In this work, a new assay method is developed to detect iodide ions using the synthesized NPCDs. Here, the inner filter effect is applied to detect the iodide ion and exhibited a wide linear response concentration range (10–60 μM) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.32 μM. Furthermore, the synthesized NPCDs are used for the selective detection of iron(III) (Fe3+) ions and cell imaging. Fe3+ ions sensing assay shows a detection range from 0.2 to 30 μM with a LOD of 72 nM. As an efficient photoluminescence sensor, the developed NPCDs have an excellent biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity, allowing Fe3+ ion detection in HeLa cells.
Optimal extent of completion lymphadenectomy for patients with melanoma and a positive sentinel node in the groin
Authors: Verver D , Madu M F , Oude Ophuis C M C , Faut M , de Wilt J H W , Bonenkamp J J , Grünhagen D J , van Akkooi A C J , Verhoef C , van Leeuwen B L 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Background
The optimal extent of groin completion lymph node dissection (CLND) (inguinal or ilioinguinal dissection) in patients with melanoma is controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the extent of groin CLND after a positive sentinel node biopsy (SNB) is associated with improved outcome.

Methods
Data from all sentinel node-positive patients who underwent groin CLND at four tertiary melanoma referral centres were retrieved retrospectively. Baseline patient and tumour characteristics were collected for descriptive statistics, survival analyses and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses.

Results
In total, 255 patients were included, of whom 137 (53·7 per cent) underwent inguinal dissection and 118 (46·3 per cent) ilioinguinal dissection. The overall CLND positivity rate was 18·8 per cent; the inguinal positivity rate was 15·5 per cent and the pelvic positivity rate was 9·3 per cent. The pattern of recurrence, and 5-year melanoma-specific survival, disease-free survival and distant-metastasis free survival rates were similar for both dissection types, even for patients with a positive CLND result. Cox regression analysis showed that type of CLND was not associated with disease-free or melanoma-specific survival.

Conclusion
There was no significant difference in recurrence pattern and survival rates between patients undergoing inguinal or ilioinguinal dissection after a positive SNB, even after stratification for a positive CLND result. An inguinal dissection is a safe first approach as CLND in patients with a positive SNB.
Evolving the N‐Terminal Domain of Pyrrolysyl‐tRNA Synthetase for Improved Incorporation of Noncanonical Amino Acids
Authors: Sharma Vangmayee , Zeng Yu , Wang W. Wesley , Qiao Yuchen , Kurra Yadagiri , Liu Wenshe R. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBy evolving the N‐terminal domain of Methanosarcina mazei pyrrolysyl‐tRNA synthetase (PylRS) that directly interacts with tRNAPyl, a mutant clone displaying improved amber‐suppression efficiency for the genetic incorporation of Nϵ‐(tert‐butoxycarbonyl)‐l‐lysine threefold more than the wild type was identified. The identified mutations were R19H/H29R/T122S. Direct transfer of these mutations to two other PylRS mutants that were previously evolved for the genetic incorporation of Nϵ‐acetyl‐l‐lysine and Nϵ‐(4‐azidobenzoxycarbonyl)‐l‐δ,ϵ‐dehydrolysine also improved the incorporation efficiency of these two noncanonical amino acids. As the three identified mutations were found in the N‐terminal domain of PylRS that was separated from its catalytic domain for charging tRNAPyl with a noncanonical amino acid, they could potentially be introduced to all other PylRS mutants to improve the incorporation efficiency of their corresponding noncanonical amino acids. Therefore, it represents a general strategy to optimize the pyrrolysine incorporation system‐based noncanonical amino‐acid mutagenesis.
A clinical picture of pulmonary embolism revealing light‐chain myeloma
Authors: Belarj Badia , El Alaoui Amine , Dahraoui Souhail , Uwingabiye Jean , Owusu Emmanuel Millbank , Rochdi Anas , Biaz Asmaa , Dami Abdellah , Bouhsain Sanae , Ouzzif Zohra , Doghmi Nawfel , El Machtani Idrissi Samira 
Published: November 2017

Key Clinical MessageWe are highlighting on the particularity of a clinical picture of pulmonary embolism revealing light‐chain myeloma in a 56‐year‐old male patient. Myeloma remains a rare affection. Even though its revelation through pulmonary embolism remains rare, it can be explained by hyperviscosity syndrome accompanying it.
Severe piperacillin–tazobactam‐induced hemolysis in a cystic fibrosis patient
Authors: Kerkhoff Andrew D. , Patrick Lauren , Cornett Patricia , Kleinhenz Mary‐Ellen , Brondfield Sam 
Published: November 2017

Key Clinical MessagePiperacillin–tazobactam is one of the most common causes of drug‐induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA) and is frequently utilized, especially in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Here, we report a case of life‐threatening piperacillin–tazobactam‐associated DIIHA in a 30‐year‐old woman with CF and propose management recommendations for piperacillin–tazobactam‐associated DIIHA in CF patients.