bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A practice development initiative supporting care home staff deliver high quality end-of-life care
Authors: Hockley Jo , Kinley Julie 
Published: November 2016

Background: The global population is changing with an increasing percentage of the oldest old, many of whom in the UK are looked after in care homes. Care homes now provide care for a fifth of the UK population who die each year. However, most nursing care homes are privately owned and not part of the NHS, which exposes staff to a lack of skills/knowledge in relation to end-of-life care. Methods: To implement the Gold Standards Framework in Care Homes Programme and audit outcomes within nursing care homes across five Clinical Commissioning Groups over a 7–year period using a research-based model of facilitation. Results: The percentage of residents dying in nursing care homes increased from 57% to 79%, with improvement in other outcomes. Conclusions: A ‘high’ facilitation model, including a sustainability initiative and ongoing audit, contributed to significant improvements when implementing the Programme. Reciprocity and trustworthiness underpin the success of this initiative.
Food Insecurity Among Young Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in the United States: Evidence From the National Health Interview Survey
Authors: Brucker Debra L. , Nord Derek 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
People with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD) face higher levels of poverty than others, which can lead to concerns regarding areas of well-being, such as food security. Young adults with IDD who are, in many cases, transitioning from the system of educational, health care, and income supports of their youth into the adult world may be particularly vulnerable. Using pooled data from the 2011–2014 National Health Interview Survey, we find that young adults with IDD have significantly higher levels of food insecurity than young adults without disabilities, even when controlling for poverty. Young adults with IDD who are living in low-income households are not significantly more likely to participate in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) than young adults without disabilities who are also living in low-income households. Although our results suggest that SNAP is effectively reaching many young adults with IDD in need of nutrition assistance, further research is needed to determine the specific effects of food insecurity and SNAP participation on overall economic and health outcomes for this population.
Risk Factors for Behavioral and Emotional Difficulties in Siblings of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Walton Katherine M. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This study examined risk factors for behavioral and emotional problems in 1973 siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Results revealed six correlates of sibling internalizing and externalizing problems: male gender, smaller family size, older age of the child with ASD, lower family income, child with ASD behavior problems, and sibling Broader Autism Phenotype. Siblings with few risk factors were at low risk for behavioral and emotional problems. However, siblings with many risk factors were at increased risk for both internalizing and externalizing problems. These results highlight the need to assess risk for individual siblings to best identify a sub-population of siblings who may be in need of additional support.
Correlates of Young Men's Intention to Discuss Birth Control with Female Partners
Authors: Masters N. Tatiana , Morrison Diane M. , Querna Katherine , Casey Erin A. , Beadnell Blair 
Published: November 2016

AbstractCONTEXTHeterosexually active men who wish to prevent conception, but are not willing to use condoms consistently, need to discuss birth control with female partners. Improving the understanding of correlates of men's intention to have such discussions is one step toward supporting this health‐facilitating behavior.METHODSA sample of 372 heterosexually active men aged 18–25 were recruited and surveyed online between December 2010 and June 2011. Men answered questions on attitudes toward, norms regarding and self‐efficacy about discussing birth control, and about endorsement of two sexual scripts. Multiple regression analyses tested these measures’ associations with intention to discuss birth control, controlling for age and relationship status.RESULTSAttitudes, norms and self‐efficacy were each positively associated with men's intention to discuss birth control, accounting for 34% of variance. The more strongly men endorsed a traditional masculinity sexual script, the less likely they were to intend to discuss birth control (coefficient, –0.2). Endorsement of an alternative, gender‐equitable “sex‐positive woman” script, which emphasizes sexual pleasure and emotional connection as goals for both partners, had no association with intention.CONCLUSIONStrategies that merit further exploration as potential supports for men's intention to discuss birth control include improving men's self‐efficacy and positive attitudes and norms pertaining to such discussions, and reducing belief in traditionally masculine sexual scripts or transforming them to include discussing birth control. Future research should work both experimentally and longitudinally to document each element of the process that ends with men's full participation in effective contraceptive use.
Educação Ambiental e os Gêneros Textuais
Authors: Oliveira Maria do Carmo Leite de 
Published: November 2016

Neste artigo será apresentado a articulação da disciplina transversal, Meio Ambiente sob a ótica do estudo dos gêneros textuais nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa, a pesquisa em questão envolveu uma sala de aula de 7º ano, fundamental II , de uma escola pública municipal da cidade de Juazeiro do Norte Ceará. Esse estudo propôs um breve referencial teórico sobre a tipologia textual, gêneros textuais, meio ambiente e a educação ambiental. Através dessa pesquisa percebeu-se que os temas transversais raramente é discutido e abordado no interior dos ambientes escolares, o que de certa forma, nota-se que a maioria dos docentes ainda se restringem apenas a área específica na qual lecionam, não dando ênfase a integração entre as outras disciplinas, ou seja não articulam ou propõem a interdisciplinaridade entre as outras áreas do saber. Foi relevante também através desse trabalho que os discentes participaram com afinco, de maneira satisfatória, no decorrer de todo o estudo, o que se constatou que a interdisciplinaridade é um “pilar” a ser construído e ampliado nas salas de aula.
Qualitative data cleaning
Authors: Chu Xu , Ilyas Ihab F. 
Published: November 2016

Data quality is one of the most important problems in data management, since dirty data often leads to inaccurate data analytics results and wrong business decisions.
Data cleaning exercise often consist of two phases: error detection and error repairing. Error detection techniques can either be quantitative or qualitative; and error repairing is performed by applying data transformation scripts or by involving human experts, and sometimes both.
In this tutorial, we discuss the main facets and directions in designing qualitative data cleaning techniques. We present a taxonomy of current qualitative error detection techniques, as well as a taxonomy of current data repairing techniques. We will also discuss proposals for tackling the challenges for cleaning "big data" in terms of scale and distribution.
Non-invasive progressive optimization for in-memory databases
Authors: Zeuch Steffen , Pirk Holger , Freytag Johann-Christoph 
Published: November 2016

Progressive optimization introduces robustness for database workloads against wrong estimates, skewed data, correlated attributes, or outdated statistics. Previous work focuses on cardinality estimates and rely on expensive counting methods as well as complex learning algorithms.
In this paper, we utilize performance counters to drive progressive optimization during query execution. The main advantages are that performance counters introduce virtually no costs on modern CPUs and their usage enables a non-invasive monitoring. We present fine-grained cost models to detect differences between estimates and actual costs which enables us to kick-start reoptimization. Based on our cost models, we implement an optimization approach that estimates the individual selectivities of a multi-selection query efficiently. Furthermore, we are able to learn properties like sortedness, skew, or correlation during run-time.
In our evaluation we show, that the overhead of our approach is negligible, while performance improvements are convincing. Using progressive optimization, we improve runtime up to a factor of three compared to average run-times and up to a factor of 4,5 compared to worst case run-times. As a result, we avoid costly operator execution orders and; thus, making query execution highly robust.
Promotion of adipogenesis by neuropeptide Y during the later stages of chicken preadipocyte differentiation
Authors: Shipp Steven L. , Cline Mark A. , Gilbert Elizabeth R. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractNeuropeptide Y (NPY) promotes adipogenesis in both birds and mammals, although mechanisms in avians remain unclear. The objective of this study was thus to evaluate effects of NPY on chick preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation. Preadipocytes were treated with 0, 1, 10, or 100 nmol/L NPY and gene expression and cellular proliferation were evaluated at 12, 24, and 48 h. At 12 h posttreatment, mRNA abundance of topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A), and thioredoxin‐dependent peroxidase 2 was upregulated and NPY was downregulated in response to NPY (0 vs. 100 nmol/L) in preadipocytes. Cells were also treated with NPY during differentiation and harvested at 8, 10, and 12 days postinduction of differentiation. At day 8 postinduction of differentiation, there was increased lipid accumulation (0 vs. 10 and 100 nmol/L), expression of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) (0 vs. 100 nmol/L), and sterol regulatory element‐binding protein (0 vs. 10 and 100 nmol/L) mRNA in NPY‐treated cells. The number of proliferating cells decreased on day 8 in response to NPY (0 vs. 10 nmol/L). At day 10, FABP4 and Kruppel‐like factor 7 mRNAs were downregulated (0 vs. 10 and 100 nmol/L, and 100 nmol/L, respectively), and at day 12, TOP2A mRNA was down‐regulated (0 vs. 100 nmol/L) in response to NPY treatment. Activity of glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH) was increased on days 10 and 12 in NPY‐treated cells (0 vs. 100 nmol/L). Increased gene expression of proliferation markers in preadipocytes, and during differentiation increased expression of transcription factors and a fatty acid transporter, increased lipid accumulation, and increased activity of G3PDH suggest that NPY may enhance preadipocyte activity, adipogenesis, and promotes lipid accumulation throughout chicken adipocyte differentiation.
Analysis of Treatment-Related Factors Affecting Mortality in Patients with Severe Necrotizing Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Praznik Ivan , Spasić Marko , Radosavljević Ivan , Stojanović Bojan , Čanović Dragan , Radovanović Dragče , Savović Zorica , Vojinović Radiša , Babić Živan , Đonović Nela , Luković Tanja , Lazarević Predrag , Đorđević Nataša , Kostić Irena , Jelić Ivana , Petrović Jelena , Stojanović Stefan , Jurišević Milena , Grubor Iva , Nikolić Ljiljana , Vučićević Ksenija , Artinović Viktorija , Milojević Anđela , Kostić Marina , Stefanović Srđjan , Janković Slobodan 
Published: November 2016

Summary
The aim of the paper was to determine the factors related to the initial therapy that may contribute to death from severe necrotizing acute pancreatitis and to analyze their clinical importance as well as possible additive effects.
A retrospective case-control study included all adult patients treated for severe necrotizing acute pancreatitis in the Clinical Center of Kragujevac, Serbia, during the five-year period (2006-2010.). The cases (n = 41) were patients who died, while the controls (n = 69) were participants who survived. In order to estimate the relationship between potential risk factors and observed outcome, crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were calculated in logistic regression models.
Significant association with observed outcome was shown for the use of gelatin and/or hydroxyethyl starch (adjusted OR 12.555; 95 % CI 1.150-137.005), use of albumin (adjusted OR 27.973; 95 % CI 1.741-449.373), use of octreotide (adjusted OR 16.069; 95 % CI 1.072-240.821) and avoiding of enteral feeding (adjusted OR 3.933; 95 % CI 1.118-13.829), while the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs had protective role (adjusted OR 0.057; 95 % CI 0.004-0.805).
The risk of death in patients with predicted severe necrotizing acute pancreatitis could be reduced with avoidance of treatment with colloid solutions, albumin and octreotide, as well as with an early introduction of oral/enteral nutrition and use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Association of Insulin Resistance, β-Cell Function Impairment and Calcium, Magnesium, and Fetuin-A Concentrations in Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Moustafa Shatha Rouf 
Published: November 2016

SummaryInsulin resistance and β-cell function impairment play a role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Insulin signaling is inhibited by fetuin-A, an abundant plasma protein. Fetuin-A is also a candidate marker of the T2DM risk. This case-control study aimed to determine whether fetuin-A serum level is related to insulin resistance, β-cell function impairment, and total and ionized Ca and Mg serum levels in Erbil patients with T2DM.A total of 60 patients with T2DM were recruited, and 30 healthy persons were included in the control group. Fetuin-A and insulin concentrations were measured through ELISA. Other biochemical parameters were determined spectrophotometrically. Insulin resistance (HOMA2IR), insulin sensitivity (HOMA2%S), and β-cell function were examined by using a homeostatic model assessment 2 (HOMA2).Fasting serum insulin, fetuin-A serum levels, and HOMA2IR were significantly increased. HOMA2%S of the patients with diabetes was significantly lower than that of the control group. The total serum and ionized Ca and Mg contents and the Ca/Mg ratio were reduced in the patients.Therefore, fetuin-A is related to T2DM pathogenesis and is strongly associated with insulin resistance and glycemic control in T2DM patients. Future large-scale studies are necessary to validate fetuin-A as an indicator of IR in T2DM patients.
Phenomenography: A Missed Method in Medical Research
Authors: Assarroudi Abdolghader , Heydari Abbas 
Published: November 2016

SummaryResearch is an approach with which human beings can attempt to answer questions and discover the unknowns. Research methodology is something that is determined by the researcher’s attitude toward the universe as well as by the question he is trying to answer. Some essential questions regarding the research process are: “What is the nature of reality?”, “What is the nature of the relationship between the scholar and the subject of interest?”, and “How can one understand the subject, and what are the methods?”. Research approaches can be categorized as quantitative and qualitative. In the former, measurement, prediction, and control are the bases, while in the latter, exploring, describing, and explaining the phenomena are fundamental. Among qualitative research methods, phenomenography is one of the newest methods. However, in spite of proving to be useful in various disciplines, it has yet to become popular, and many scholars mistake it for phenomenology. The focus of phenomenography is on what is known as the second-order perspective and the different ways that people can experience the same phenomenon, while phenomenology primarily emphasizes the first-order perspective and the similar essences that are derived from various experiences. This article aims to provide a better understanding of phenomenography through explaining it and comparing it with phenomenology in order to facilitate its proper and timely application in medical studies.
Spatial Variation in Blooming and Yield in an Apple Orchard, in Romania
Authors: Teodorescu Gabriela , Moise Virgil , Cosac Aurelia Corina 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyse the spatial variation of blooming, yield and quality parameters, in an apple orchard, by using precision agriculture tools. This study is a preliminary step in order to create management zones, to take the management decisions and made the evaluation of the applied practices. The study was conducted in the Research and Development Station for Pomology Voinesti, Dambovita, on the 0.9 ha orchard. The orchard consists in Florina apple trees and Generos pollinator. The surface was mapped with GPS and the yield of each tree was manually harvested and weighed. Apple quality was evaluated in terms of: firmness, soluble solid content, juice pH. Also, in spring was determined the number of flowers/tree and the exact period of flowering. The interpolated maps were created using Surfer 8 software and the correlations between yield and quality have been established; some quality characteristics are negatively correlated with yield, like firmness.
Feedforward Control of a Light-Weight Device Casing for Active Noise Reduction
Authors: Wrona Stanislaw , Pawelczyk Marek 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
It is possible to enhance acoustic isolation of the device from the environment by appropriately controlling vibration of a device casing. Sound insulation efficiency of this technique for a rigid casing was confirmed by the authors in previous publications. In this paper, a light-weight casing is investigated, where vibrational couplings between walls are much greater due to lack of a rigid frame. A laboratory setup is described in details. The influence of the cross-paths on successful global noise reduction is considered. Multiple vibration actuators are installed on each of the casing walls. An adaptive control strategy based on the Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm is used to update control filter parameters. Obtained results are reported, discussed, and conclusions for future research are drawn.
Local Fault Assessment in a Helical Geared System via Sound and Vibration Parameters Using Multiclass SVM Classifiers
Authors: Amarnath Muniyappa 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A gear system transmits power by means of meshing gear teeth and is conceptually simple and effective in power transmission. Thus typical applications include electric utilities, ships, helicopters, and many other industrial applications. Monitoring the condition of large gearboxes in industries has attracted increasing interest in the recent years owing to the need for decreasing the downtime on production machinery and for reducing the extent of secondary damage caused by failures. This paper addresses the development of a condition monitoring procedure for a gear transmission system using artificial neural networks (ANNs) and support vector machines (SVMs). Seven conditions of the gear were investigated: healthy gear and gear with six stages of depthwise wear simulated on the gear tooth. The features extracted from the measured vibration and sound signals were mean, root mean square (rms), variance, skewness, and kurtosis, which are known to be sensitive to different degrees of faults in rotating machine elements. These characteristics were used as an input features to ANN and SVM. The results show that the multilayer feed forward neural network and multiclass support vector machines can be effectively used in the diagnosis of various gear faults.
Measurement Precision Under Repeatability Conditions of a Batch of Sound Power Assessment for Blenders in Reverberation Room
Authors: Costa-Felix Rodrigo P.B. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A set of sound power assessments was performed to determine measurement precision in specified conditions by the comparison method in a reverberation room with a fixed position array of six microphones. Six blenders (or mixers) and, complementary, a reference sound source were the noise sources. Five or six sound power calculations were undertaken on each noise source, and the standard deviation (sr) was computed as “measurement precision under repeatability conditions” for each octave band from 125 Hz to 8 kHz, and in dB(A). With the results obtained, values of sr equal 1.0 dB for 125 Hz and 250 Hz, 0.8 dB for 500 Hz to 2 kHz, and 0.5 dB for 4 kHz and 8 kHz. Those can be considered representative as sound power precision for blenders according to the measurement method used. The standard deviation of repeatability for the A-weighted sound power level equals 0.6 dB. This paper could be used for house or laboratory tests to check where their uncertainty assessment for sound power determination is similar or not to those generated at the National Metrology Institute.
Research and Modeling of Mechanical Crosstalk in Linear Arrays of Ultrasonic Transducers
Authors: Celmer Mateusz , Opieliński Krzysztof J. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Linear arrays of ultrasonic transducers are commonly used as ultrasonic probes in medical diagnostics for imaging the interior of a human body in vivo. The crosstalk phenomenon occurs during the operation of transducers in which electrical voltages and mechanical vibrations are transmitted to adjacent components. As a result of such additional excitation of the transducers in the array, the directivity characteristics of the aperture used changes, and consequently there is interference with properoperation of a given array and the emergence of distortions in the obtained ultra sound image that reduce its quality. This paper studies the manner of propagation of mechanical crosstalk in the designed model of a linear array of ultrasonic transducers on the basis of unwanted signals, which appeared on elementary piezo-electric transducers when power is supplied to the selected transducer in the array. The universal model of linear array of ultrasonic transducers, which has been developed, allowed the simulation of mechanical crosstalk, taking in to account the cross-coupling phenomenon in all of its structure with the use of finite elements method (FEM) implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics software. The analysis of crosstalk signals showed that they consist of aggregated pulses propagating with different speeds and frequencies. This signifies the formation of different vibration modes transmitted simultaneously via different paths. The paper is an original approach which enables to identify different vibration modes and estimate their participation in the crosstalk signal and their ways of propagation. Conclusions from the research allow predicting specific design changes which are significant due to the minimization of mechanical crosstalk in linear arrays of ultrasonic transducers.