bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LEITURA EM LÍNGUA ESTRANGEIRA NO ENSINO MÉDIO: uma experiência em Roraima
Authors: Silva Maria Francisca da , Sebold Maria Mercedes Riveiro Quintans 
Published: July 2016

Este artigo tem por objetivos verificar a relevância do trabalho de leitura com bases nas estratégias deleitura interacional no Ensino Médio e avaliar se o uso lúdico do texto literário facilita a aprendizagem em espanhollíngua estrangeira. Parte-se das hipóteses de que há pouca recorrência do texto literário no ensino de línguaestrangeira e de que a leitura do texto literário com estratégias interacionais contribui para a facilitação da de suaaprendizagem. Para tanto, utilizo os subsídios teóricos de leitura, da análise do discurso e gênero discursivo, dotexto literário e da estrutura do conto. Os resultados indicam caminhos para a abordagem didática do texto literário(doravante TL) e ampliam as reflexões sobre seu uso nas aulas espanhol, principalmente em região de fronteiracomo a nossa em Roraima.Palavras-chave: Leitura. Estratégias interacionais. Texto literário. Ensino de espanhol. READING IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN SECONDARY EDUCATION: an experiencein RoraimaAbstract: This article aims to verify the relevance of reading activities based on interactional reading strategies inhigh school and assess if use of the literary text facilitates the learning of Spanish as a foreign language. I begin withthe hypothesis that there is little recourse to literary text in the teaching of foreign language and that the reading ofliterary texts based on interactional strategies contributes to facilitate foreign language learning. To that end, I makeuse of theoretical reading base, discourse and discourse genre analysis, the literary text and the story structure. Theresults indicate paths for the teaching approach of the literary text and extend the reflections on the use of the literarytext (LT) in Spanish classes, especially in the border region with Roraima, where we are located.Keywords: Reading. Interactional Strategies. Literary Text. Spanish Teaching. LECTURA EN LENGUA EXTRANJERA EN LA ENSEÑANZA MEDIA: una experienciaen RoraimaResumen: Este artículo tiene como objetivo verificar la relevancia del trabajo de la lectura con bases en estrategiasde lectura interactiva en la escuela secundaria y evaluar si el uso lúdico del texto literario facilita el aprendizajede español como lengua extranjera. Se inicia, con la hipótesis de que hay poca recurrencia texto literario en laenseñanza de lenguas extranjeras y la lectura de textos literarios con las estrategias de interacción contribuyen ala facilitación del aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras. Para ello, he utilizado la lectura de subsidios teóricos sobreel análisis del discurso y el género discursivo, el texto literario y la estructura del cuento. Los resultados indican loscaminos para el enfoque de la enseñanza del texto literario y amplían las reflexiones sobre el uso del texto literario(desde ahora TL) en clases de español, sobre todo en la región fronteriza como la nuestra en Roraima.Palabras clave: Lectura. Estrategia interacional. Texto literario. La enseñanza del español.
Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Plasma Levels of Transglutaminase‐2 and Oxidative Stress Markers in Cyclosporin A‐Induced Gingival Overgrowth
Authors: Becerik Sema , Celec Peter , Gürkan Ali , Öztürk Veli Özgen , Kamodyova Natalia , Atilla Gül , Emingil Gülnur 
Published: July 2016

Background: Transglutaminase (TGM)‐2 has been shown to contribute to fibrosis by extracellular matrix accumulation in some organs and is activated by intracellular reactive oxygen species. The aim of this study is to investigate levels of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and plasma TGM‐2 and oxidative stress markers (OSMs) in cyclosporin A (CsA)‐induced gingival overgrowth (GO).Methods: The study enrolled 20 healthy (H) individuals; 20 patients with gingivitis (G); 20 CsA‐medicated patients with GO (CsA GO+); and 20 CsA‐medicated patients without GO (CsA GO−). GCF and plasma levels of TGM‐2 were analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Spectrofluorometry was used to analyze thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS); ferric‐reducing antioxidant power (FRAP); total oxidant status (TOS); and total antioxidant capacity (TAC).Results: GCF TGM‐2 level was elevated in CsA GO+ compared with G (P = 0.048) and H (P = 0.001) groups. GCF TBARS level was elevated in CsA GO+ compared with other groups (CsA GO− group: P = 0.003; G group: P <0.001; and H group: P <0.001) and was higher in CsA GO− than in H (P = 0.048). GCF FRAP level was lower in CsA GO− than in H (P = 0.04). Both CsA GO+ and CsA GO− groups had lower GCF TOS levels than H (P <0.001 and P = 0.002) and G (P = 0.003 and P = 0.04). GCF TAC was higher in CsA GO+ than in H (P = 0.02). Plasma TGM‐2 level was elevated in CsA GO+ compared with G (P = 0.048) and H (P = 0.002). Plasma FRAP level was higher in H and CsA GO− than in CsA GO+ (P = 0.008 and P = 0.02).Conclusions: CsA use significantly alters GCF and plasma levels of TGM‐2 and OSMs. TGM‐2 may contribute to CsA‐induced GO in CsA‐treated patients by changing GCF and plasma levels of OSMs. Further studies are needed to prove causality and its direction.
Correlation Between Gingival Crevicular Fluid Hemoglobin Content and Periodontal Clinical Parameters
Authors: Ito Hiroshi , Numabe Yukihiro , Hashimoto Shuichi , Sekino Satoshi , Murakashi Etsuko , Ishiguro Hitomi , Sasaki Daisuke , Yaegashi Takashi , Takai Hideki , Mezawa Masaru , Ogata Yorimasa , Watanabe Hisashi , Hagiwara Satsuki , Izumi Yuichi , Hiroshima Yuka , Kido Jun‐Ichi , Nagata Toshihiko , Kunimatsu Kazushi 
Published: July 2016

Background: Probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BOP) are essential clinical parameters used for periodontal diagnosis. This study investigated whether detection of hemoglobin (Hb) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), along with PD and BOP, would improve diagnostic accuracy.Methods: After plaque index (PI) was measured, GCF was collected from the gingival sulci of 401 anterior teeth in the maxilla and mandible from 184 patients who had entered periodontal maintenance therapy. Clinical parameters (gingival index [GI], PD, clinical attachment level [CAL], and BOP) were recorded. Hb values in GCF were assessed by immunochromatography. Moreover, cutoff values for PI, GI, and CAL based on the degree of PD and amount of GCF were created and analyzed.Results: Hb was detected in 64.8% of GCF samples in 105 BOP‐negative (–) sites in the periodontally stable group out of 107 sites that were less than all cutoff values. There were 71 BOP(–) sites in the periodontal‐management‐required group out of 122 sites that were more than all cutoff values, although no improvement in periodontal disease was observed. Hb was detected in 88.7% of GCF samples from these 71 BOP(–) sites.Conclusions: Hb was observed in more than 60% of GCF samples in BOP(–) gingival sulci in both periodontally stable and periodontal‐management‐required groups. These results suggest inspection of Hb derived from microbleeding in gingival sulci may serve as an index for preclinical diagnosis.
Gina’s Wheels by M. H. Bishop
Authors: Campbell Sandy 
Published: July 2016

Bishop, Mary Harelkin. Gina’s Wheels. Regina, SK: DriverWorks Ink, 2014. Print.While this is a picture book and the protagonist is just entering kindergarten, the language is quite a high reading level and the text dense. It is definitely a book that needs an adult reader. The artwork in this book is simple and unsophisticated, but will engage small children with the work. Illustrator Diane Greenhorn does resort to the visual cliché of diversity in the classroom, including the obligatory red-head, blonde, African American, brown-skinned children and child with a hijab, although kindergarten-aged Muslim girls are often not covered.The messages that the book conveys are complex. It is about a child, Gina, who encounters Métis Paralympian Colette Bourgonje, who has a wheelchair. Gina is sufficiently moved by the meeting that she goes home and for several weeks does everything while sitting in a stroller, to understand the experience of being in a wheelchair. When she enters kindergarten and meets a child in a wheelchair, her experience helps her befriend the child.While the book does a good job of presenting how to interact with a disabled person, the concept of the Paralympics and the integration of a disabled child into school, it does not present the things that Gina had to do to adapt to life seated in a stroller. As is often the case when the able-bodied write about the disabled, rather than from the disabled person’s perspective, the reader does not learn much more about life as a disabled person. However, the book does present disability in a positive light and also shows Bourgonje as a role model. It also presents Gina as a role model of a child demonstrating understanding and empathy and Gina’s Mom as a role model as a parent who is positive about disability and supportive of her child’s exploratory learning. Because there are few children’s books about disability, and fewer still about disabled Indigenous people, this book is recommended with reservations for public library and elementary school libraries.Recommended with reservation: 2 stars out of 4Reviewer: Sandy CampbellSandy is a Health Sciences Librarian at the University of Alberta, who has written hundreds of book reviews across many disciplines. Sandy thinks that sharing books with children is one of the greatest gifts anyone can give.
The Rabbit Who Wants to Fall Asleep: A New Way of Getting Children to Sleep by C.-J. Forssen Ehrlin
Authors: Aitken Leslie 
Published: July 2016

Forssen Ehrlin, Carl-Johan. The Rabbit Who Wants to Fall Asleep: A New Way of Getting Children to Sleep. Illus. Irina Maununan. New York: Crown Books for Young Readers, 2014. Print.Carl-Johan Forssen Ehrlin, the psychologist who wrote this book, introduces the work with instructions for its calm, slow, emphatic reading. He then begins the bedtime story proper, a ten page text in which he uses the word sleep or one of its variants (asleep, sleeping, sleepy) approximately 100 times. It may be that he uses the words “yawn,” “tired,” and “relax” just as frequently; frankly, it seems too daunting a task to count and confirm this possibility. The literary effect is tedious—given the subtitle, probably intentionally so. There is a storyline, albeit a thin one. It is much enhanced by the delicate drawings by Irina Maununen; a young child might well pore over these. However, storytelling is not the main purpose of the book. Its main purpose would appear to be hypnosis. That is just a guess; the publisher’s blurb does not actually confirm it. The blurb does, however, rave about the book’s ability to put children to sleep. Quite so. This is not a work of children’s literature; it is a “how to” book for adults. Its advice should not replace common sense. Childhood sleeplessness can stem from serious causes. It can be the result of underlying medical conditions, of pain, of breathing difficulties. It can indicate worrisome psychological states: stress, anxiety, and fear. It can be the result of a socio-economic environment that is typified by deprivation and hunger, domestic instability, the presence of danger. A book outlining hypnotic techniques does not obviate any of these root causes of sleeplessness. However, in the event that they are all ruled out or remedied, and that a child is found to suffer from nothing more than a deep need for the comforting presence of a loving adult as he or she falls asleep, why not just ensure that one can be there?All this being said, the book is currently popular. As I write this review, my public library lists thirty holds on fourteen copies of it. Many parents must be waiting in line for an introduction to Forssen-Ehrlin’s methods. Meanwhile, the old standbys of sleep induction, the rocking, the reassuring, the crooning of lullabies, might just prove equally effective as his book.Not RecommendedReviewer: Leslie AitkenLeslie Aitken’s long career in librarianship involved selection of children’s literature for school, public, special and academic libraries. She is a former Curriculum Librarian of the University of Alberta.
Slush Mountain by B. R. Lie
Authors: Feisst Debbie 
Published: July 2016

Lie, Bjørn R. Slush Mountain. Vancouver: Simply Read Books, 2016. Print. It’s a clear, crisp morning on Slush Mountain. There’s not a cloud in the sky and the fresh snow shines in the sunlight.This basic yet delightfully illustrated book tells the simple pleasures of a day in the village and the slopes of Slush Mountain, located somewhere in the Norwegian mountains. Previously published in Norwegian under the title Slapsefjell, author-illustrator and graphic artist Bjørn Rune Lie gives us a day in the life of a busy resort town from the perspective of locals and visitors alike.Beginning in the morning, we start out on the Nordic tracks with cross-country skiers. But there are also white knuckle slopes and moguls for those interested in a little more speed. Throughout the day we visit Frostbite Fish Pond, watch loggers in the Sluggerdale Forest, travel up along the Gutsy Pines Gondola and the Chilly Winds Chairlift and take part in the exhilarating Slush Mountain Rally, replete with vintage snowmobiles. There are loads of eccentric characters with names like Bruce “the Spruce” Crampon, “Snow Blind” Jefferson and Michael Mittens, who much to my kids’ delight, spots a rare three-headed giant hummingbird while seated in the outdoor privy. The day is finished off in a cozy cabin while a family plays a board game while drinking hot chocolate.While there is no real plot, the nostalgic, retro-inspired illustrations are fun to look at and have lots of detail to engage even the youngest readers. Humans and animals alike are enjoying themselves on the slopes, the rally, and the hotel dance. My children noted that the skiers were not wearing helmets but understood that the bygone era in the artwork represented a different time in terms of alpine safety. This is a fun, sweet book that would be a nice gift for snow-loving kids and perfect for an elementary school library.Recommended: 3 stars out of 4 Reviewer: Debbie FeisstDebbie is a Public Services Librarian at the H.T. Coutts Education Library at the University of Alberta. When not renovating, she enjoys travel, fitness and young adult fiction.
The Principle of Will Autonomy in the Obligatory Law
Authors: Kastrati MA. Shyhrete 
Published: July 2016

The principle of autonomy of will is legislated with the Article 2 of the Law no. 04/L–077 on Obligational Relationships1, thereby providing the legal grounds for the regulation of legal relations between parties in obligational relationship.This study aims to provide a contribution to the theory and practice, and also aims at providing a modest contribution to the obligational law doctrine in Kosovo. The purpose of the paper is to explore the gaps and weaknesses in practical implementation of the principle, which represents the main pillar of obligational law. In this paper, combined methods were used, including research and descriptive methods, analysis and synthesis, comparative and normative methods.The exploration method was used throughout the paper, and entails the collection of hard-copy and electronic materials. The descriptive method implies a description of concepts, important thoughts of legal science, and in this case, on the principle of autonomy of will, thereby using literature of various authors. The analytical and synthetic methodology is aimed at achieving the study objectives, the recognition of the principle of autonomy of will, practical implementation thereof, and conclusions.The comparative method was applied in comparing the implementation of the principle in the Law on Obligational Relationships of Kosovo and the Law on Obligational Relationships of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Kosovo, and the Civil Code of the Republic of Albania. The normative method was necessary, since the topic of the study is about legal norms.
The Correlation between affective Temperaments and Internalizing Problems Reported by Adolescents of Age 14-18 Years
Authors: Bardhi MA. Niman , Shahini Dr.Sc. Mimoza 
Published: July 2016

Internalizing problems are characterized by anxiety, depressed mood, social withdrawal, and somatic complaints. Childhood internalizing problems are a concerning mental health issue due to their continuity into adolescence and associated functional impairment. This study focused on studying the relation between affective temperaments and internalizing problems, in a sample of adolescents in the community. There has been very little research in mental health problems in children and adolescents in Kosovo.The aim of this study was to identify the link between affective temperaments with youth psychopathology, by measuring both temperament with Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS) and youth psychopathology with Youth Self Report (YSR) in the Kosovo sample. Our study found that depressive, cyclothymic, anxious, and irritiative temperaments were more displayed in female respondents. Meanwhile, hyperthermic temperament was not found to be reported as interrelated to gender.However, gender related differences were significant on the YSR scales, with female respondents reporting higher values on those scales. The study found that there is a significant difference between the groups with normal scores on Depressive Temperament with group with high scores for all scales of Internalizing problems. More scores in Depressive Temperament more scores in Internalizing Scales.The same tendencies were found for Cyclothimic Temperament and Anxious temperament. Hyperthermic temperament was not found to have significant effect on Anxious/ Depressed, Withdrawn, Somatic Complaints, and Social Problem. Irritative temperament was found to have significant effect only in Anxious/ Depressed F (2) = 13.1, p<.01, η2= .03.The higher scores in Anxious/ Depressed scores were found in the group with high scores in Irritative Temperament. The study concluded that temperament may only be one of several factors contributing to the development of psychopathology. This study found that the temperament, which is influenced by environment and biology, is a significant predictor for internalizing problems.
The fall of the Albanian - Chinese Relations 1971-1978
Authors: Boriçi Dr.Sc. Gjon 
Published: July 2016

The Albanian - Chinese relations in the years of the Cold War were thrilling as much as dramatic. The age of their flourish in the '60-ies, unfortunately did not last for long. The Albanian sponsorship that China be admitted in the UN with full rights was a test that Enver Hoxha should exploit for the good of the Albanian people. It was a historic and unrepeated opportunity for little Albania to escape the political and economic impasse since the breakup of relations with the Soviet Union in 1961. The incompetence of the Albanian leadership to understand the trends of the age would mark the following political failure of Albania and would influent in the total isolation of the country. It's not difficult to understand that Albania had historic opportunities to join the Western side but chose to align with the Eastern bloc. The beginnings are with sensational approach with Tito's Yugoslavia. After that the Albanian political leadership kept Albania under the umbrella of the Soviet Union and at the end with China. After the end of the relations with China in 1978, Albania paved the way of the total isolation. The secret visit of the President Nixon's national security adviser Dr. Kissinger to China in July 1971 was interpreted by the Albanian communist leader as a betrayal of the Marxist ideology. Enver Hoxha responded with a harsh and rude letter on August 6th 1971 urging China to not accept the visit of President Nixon the following year. This was the first major break in the relations between the two countries. Since then, the help from China for the weak Albanian economy would decline till the unavoidable break of July 1978. The methodology used in this paper is strictly comparative history analyzing the way diplomacy and politics should work to achieve the set aim.
The transformative power of EU: an assessment of EU impact in the judicial system of Kosovo
Authors: Besimi MSc. Bahrie 
Published: July 2016

In the process of EU integration, the aspiring candidate and potential candidate countries have undergone a major process of reforms. The Central European Countries accession process has been analyzed in details, using both rationalist and constructivist models. However, the South European Countries, in general, and Western Balkan countries, in particular, have a lot to be critically analyzed, studied and understood. Nevertheless, the purpose of this paper is not to analyze all Western Balkan countries, but to focus only on Kosovo, namely to study its judicial system. In this regard, to what extent the EU has had transformative power and impacted the internal judicial structures of Kosovo and under which conditions the EU is more effective? This article analyzes the findings of the Progress reports for a ten-year period (2005 – 2015) and the extent of the EU impact. It makes use of the conceptual and rational framework of external incentives model and argues that the EU impact in the judiciary system of Kosovo was crucial and transformative considering the starting low phase of reforms in Kosovo.
JURISLINGUISTIC POINT OF VIEW ON LEGAL HERMENEUTICS (based on the electoral disputes)
Authors: Кara-Murza E. S. 
Published: July 2016

Given the potential for conflict of legal and jurislinguistic hermeneutics, the author examines in this perspective the little-studied object of electorial disputes. The author shows that it is allowed in the interpretation of the universal mechanism of discretion, which is a special legal institute, and in the field of electoral conflict it is manifested as a variant of legal hermeneutics. According to the author, discretion demonstrates the subjectivity of the officialbusiness style/judicial discourse – the property is still poorly taken into consideration in linguistics.
FROM THE ORDINARY MEANING TO THE ARTISTIC IMAGE
Authors: Mokienko V. M. 
Published: July 2016

The paper demonstrates the importance of the "Dictionary of ordinary interpretations of Russian words. Lexicon of Nature", created under the leadership of N. D. Golev for the objective of diagnostics of the Russian lexical system. It emphasizes the importance of everyday interaction with the value of common literary meanings, on the one hand, and the impact of the former on the evolution of artistic imagery and semantics. The proposed monitoring is illustrated by comparing the entry "Ant" in the dictionary under the editorship of Prof. Golev with the dictionary entries in other lexicographical sources and semantics embodied in the fable of I. A. Krylov’s "The Ant and the Grasshopper."
RUSSIAN ORTHOGRAPHY AND PUNCTUATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY: «MAN» AND «LAW»
Authors: Yudina N. V. 
Published: July 2016

The paper is focused on the research and description of several active processes in Russian orthography and punctuation of the 21st century. The following tendencies are most specific: difference between the codified recommendations of rules and the written (orthographic and punctuative) practice; wish of a modern language personality to make the linguistic activity creative, use the expressive means of graphics, orthography and punctuation and draw attention of those who read and write; intentional violation of the orthographic and punctuative norms caused either by a low level of the written communication, neglect of the existing rules, or motive to the linguistic self-identification. The tendencies in the dynamics of Russian orthography and punctuation are viewed as an active part of the common processes in the Russian language and speech. The research makes it possible to investigate and review the existing orthographic and punctuative norms in order to meet the “challenges of time” and build a reasonable and functional dialogue between a modern language personality and the normative “laws” of the Russian language of the 21st century.