bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health-related quality of life after anterior-only fixation of lower cervical spine fractures: long-term follow-up
Authors: Sleem Ahmed Saleh , Said Elsayed , Tammam Hamdy 
Published: September 2024

Background
The management of lower cervical spine fractures at the cervicothoracic junction is challenging and the selection of suitable approach is a matter of debate. The results of anterior fixation of those injuries in the available literatures are ambiguous due to the heterogeneity of the studied groups and lacking long-term follow-up. Moreover, the assessment of patients’ quality of life was not taken into consideration. Our aim was to assess the health-related quality of life and long-term follow-up of a homogenous group of patients of unstable lower cervical spine fractures managed by anterior-only fixation and iliac autograft.

Patients and methods
Data from hospital records of 13 cases of lower cervical spine fracture managed by anterior fixation and graft were examined and analyzed. All cases were operated as the Subaxial Injury Classification (SLIC) score was greater than or equal to 5. The International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury and American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scores were used to assess patients’ neurologic status; segmental kyphosis angle for cervical kyphosis and short-Form 36-item was used for health-related quality of life assessment.

Results
Thirteen cases were included in this series with a mean age of 36.15 ± 7.82 years. C6 was fractured in 3 cases (24%), C7 in 5 cases (38%) and both C6 and C7 in 5 cases (38%). All cases have a SLIC score more than 5 with a mean of 7.0 ± 1.53 (range 5:9). The mean follow-up was 75.54 ± 22.33 months. The operative time was 90.62 ± 20.67 min The total motor score was improved from 72 ± 33.44 preoperatively to 76.92 ± 31.80 at the final follow-up. The segmental kyphosis angle was improved from 15.62 ± 3.25° preoperatively to −9.84 ± 1.77° directly postoperative and −1.30 ± 2.32° at the final follow-up and the short-Form 36-item total score was 75.04 ± 24.26.

Conclusion
The procedure proved to be safe and has yielded excellent results. The late patient outcome from the quality-of-life perspectives was not affected by loss of cervical lordosis, but on the contrary improved significantly in correlation with improvement of patients’ motor power.
Deranged Liver Biochemistry in a Non-Liver Intensive Care Unit: A Prospective Study
Authors: Prasad B. Rajendra , Mahadevan B. , Verghese Joy , Venkataraman Jayanthi 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Common indications for admission to a liver intensive care unit (LICU) are often due to complications of an underlying chronic liver disease or to an acute insult to the liver either by bacterial or viral infections, alcohol or drugs. Secondary or acquired liver injury occurs in patients with systemic disease in patients who are admitted to a non-LICU setting. These patients are often hemodynamically unstable with multiorgan failure. The aim of the study was to understand the pattern of liver injury in patients admitted to a non-LICU for issues unrelated directly to the liver.

Materials and Methods:
Patients admitted to medical, neuro and cardiac ICU of the institution were included. All patients had liver biochemistry at admission. R factor (RF) criteria (alanine aminotransferase: S. Alkaline phosphatase ratio) was used for stratifying the liver injury as hepatocellular (HC) (RF-HC; ≥5), cholestatic (RF-C; ≤2) and mixed type (RF-HC+C; 2–5). Patients were followed up in the ICU until discharge.

Statistical Analysis:
SPSS v26 (IBM Corp.) was used for analysis. Chi-square test was done for categorical variables and Fisher’s exact test, when the expected frequency in the contingency table was <5 in more than 25% of the cells. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results:
108 (43.9%) of 246 admissions had liver injury (43.9%). The elevation in liver enzymes were <2 times the upper limit of normal range. There were no significant differences in enzyme elevations in the 3 ICUs. The most common type of liver injury was RF-C (67; 62%) followed by RF-HC+C (34; 31.5%) and RF-HC (7; 6.48%). There was no difference in the disease specific liver injury. Patients with RF-C needed significantly more inotrope support (P = 0.001); 76% survived (P = 0.023). Those with RF-HC required hemodialysis (P = 0.001) with poor survival outcome (42.9%).

Conclusions:
Liver enzymes are not significantly elevated in non-LICU patients. RF criteria is useful in not only predicting the type of liver injury but also predicting the likely outcome.
Evaluation of Stresses Generated with Two Different Self-Ligating Orthodontic Bracket Systems – A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Awaradi Mohit , Sagarkar Roshan M. , Shivamurthy Prashantha G , Mathew Silju , Sabrish Sharanya , Bhaduri Nirajita 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aim:
To determine stresses generated in the posterior teeth region by two different self-ligating systems, 3M Unitek SmartClip and Damon Q Self-ligating brackets, using the finite element method (FEM).

Methodology:
Computed tomography (CT) scan of maxilla was taken using Mimics software, and the Dicom data were imported into Hypermesh 13.0 software to convert it into a geometric model and then into FEM. Physical models of both the brackets were constructed and positioned on the teeth. Post archwire modeling, contact is defined between the bracket slot and 0.014” NiTi arch wire. The final assembled model was exported to ANSYS 12.1 for analysis, and 60 grams of load was applied at the ends of the arch wire.

Results:
On using 0.014” CuNiTi in both the bracket systems, stresses generated on the root surface were found to be maximum on the first molar region, followed by the first premolar, second molar, canine, and second premolar regions. Comparison between the two bracket systems showed differences in the stresses generated, where higher stresses were generated at all regions in the Damon Q bracket system, except the inter-second premolar region.

Conclusion:
Maximum stresses were observed with the 3M Unitek SmartClip bracket system at the second premolar cervical region when compared to the Damon Q system. In both the cortical bone and cancellous bone, maximum stresses were observed at the second premolar cervical in the Damon Q bracket system region.
“Garima Means to Live with Pride:” A Case Study on Provider Perspectives and Local Government Response to Health of Internal Migrant Laborers in Kerala
Authors: Gopakumar Ramachandran Saraswathy , Babu Sonu S. , Gopakumar Soumya , Divya C. S. , Varma Ravi Prasad 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Addressing the health needs of interstate migrants in India is a complex challenge. We undertook a case study of Garima, a migrant health intervention in Kozhikode district, Kerala, and explored the perspectives of the health system and the role of local governments with regard to the programs targeting the health of migrant laborers in Kerala.

Methods:
We used a qualitative descriptive case study approach as described by Baxter and Jack and used Braun and Clarke’s intermediate Q thematic analysis approach. We conducted one key informant interview (KII) and one in-depth interview (IDI) and review of 23 documents obtained from the corporation health department and online sources, including media and social media review. We also did two KIIs with experts and nine IDIs with field workers of the health department of the state.

Results:
Intervention execution was mainly through inspectorial health teams comprising representatives from multiple sectors, including local governments, law enforcement, and health. Actions included registration, screening, disease surveillance, and care provisioning through regular medical camps. Referral and follow-up through regional health-care centers were consistently made available in Garima. Migrant health programs increasingly focus on living conditions, including hygiene and sanitation, and employers, contractors, or building owners are to take responsibility for these.

Conclusions:
The Garima project for the health of interstate migrant laborers reflected a shift in the Kerala health system toward welfare rather than disease control and intersectoral coordination. Local governments hold the promise of advancing such interventions and scaling them up across the state.
Diagnosis of Tubercular Pleural Effusion in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western India: Role of Cartridge-based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test and other Laboratory Parameters
Authors: Mukhida Sahjid , Khan Sameena , Vyawahare Chanda , Gandham Nageswari R. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Tubercular pleural effusion (TPE) is a paucibacillary disease, and mycobacterial culture positivity from pleural fluid samples is rare and time-consuming, leading to considerable delay in initiating antibiotic therapy. However, in high-burden settings, the diagnosis is presumed in individuals based on adenosine deaminase (ADA) level and a lymphocytic-predominant exudate on presentation. The current study was conducted to screen clinically TPE-suspected patients by cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) as well as culture and to evaluate whether TPE correlates with pleural fluid laboratory counts.

Materials and Methods:
This observational study was done at a tertiary care hospital from January 2019 to June 2021 on 157 TPE-suspected patients. CBNAAT was performed for both pleural fluid and sputum specimens while solid culture was processed on pleural fluids only as per routine microbiological procedures. Pleural fluid was sent for biochemical analysis and investigation of ADA, total leukocyte count, and differential leukocyte count because of lymphocyte predominance.

Results:
A total of 314 specimens (pleural fluid and sputum) from 157 patients were processed for CBNAAT. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected in 22 (14.01%) of 157 sputum specimens and 19 (12.10%) of 157 pleural fluid specimens. A total of 25 pleural fluid specimens have growth on solid media. CBNAAT sensitivity was found 52% in the current study. A total of seven patients were detected with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) along with TPE. In TPE diagnosis, all laboratory parameters were found statistically significant (P < 0.5).

Conclusion:
The use of two tests for patient screening, such as the CBNAAT and supporting marker test, improves the early detection of TPE and stops the progression of problems from untreated, long-standing TPE. This study also reveals the significant correlation of PTB in clinically TPE-suspected patients.
CIVILIZATION WARS OF RUSSIA IN XX AND XXI CENTURIES: CAUSES AND EFFECTS FOR ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Moshchelkov Evgeniy N. 
Published: September 2024

The article considers historic foundations of the world civilization dynamics, reveals crucial phases of this dynamics in the form of civilization wars when one civilization is intent on destroying the other. The article characterizes modern conditions of the world society as one being in global crisis. One of the crisis’ causes is contradictions of different civilization systems. The article pays special attention to such notions as “civilization”, “civilization war”, “civilization development”. The specifies different aspects of civilization wars imposed on our country in XX and XXI centuries. The article pays special attention to the question of measurement system aimed to strengthen national sovereignty in economics and technologies, which is necessary in the conditions of war and isolation of Russia from economic and finance markets of the western world. Therefore, the article specifically analyzes the provisions of the Technological Development Concept up to 2030. The article suggests options for answering civilization calls that, on the one hand, considers interactions with Asia, Latin America and Africa, on the other hand — ​strengthening economic and technological sovereignty of Russia. This approach addresses to political, economic and ideologic aspects. The article specially examines the ideas and views of contemporary Russian researchers and analysts in terms of diverse ways and forms of international relations’ normalization, the world community “self-organization” being in the opposition to the hegemonic policy of the collective West headed by the USA.
Problem debt: the concept, causes and management methods
Authors: Кузнецова Н.В. , Спиридонова А.А. 
Published: September 2024

В статье анализируются вопросы проблемной задолженности. Отмечается, что даже при проведении тщательного анализа заемщика риск невозврата кредита не может быть полностью исключен, так как внешние факторы, такие как экономические кризисы, изменение законодательства и другие факторы, могут повлиять на способность заемщика выплачивать кредит. Рассматриваются инструменты снижения кредитного риска, такие как лимитирование, обеспечение по кредиту (залог имущества, поручительство), страхование кредитного риска и др. Делается вывод о необходимости эффективной организации мониторинга кредитов, чтобы иметь возможность заранее обнаружить первые признаки проблемных кредитов.
The article analyzes the issues of problem debt. It is noted that even with a thorough analysis of the borrower, the risk of non-repayment of the loan cannot be completely excluded, since external factors such as economic crises, changes in legislation and other factors may affect the borrower's ability to repay the loan. Credit risk reduction tools such as limitation, loan collateral (collateral, surety), credit risk insurance, etc. are considered. It is concluded that it is necessary to effectively organize credit monitoring in order to be able to detect the first signs of problem loans in advance.
Alternative sources of financing for small businesses as a key factor in their development
Authors: Кислицына Л.В. 
Published: September 2024

Развитие малого бизнеса является в настоящее время одной из приоритетных задач. Немаловажную роль в этом процессе играет доступность финансовых ресурсов, необходимых и достаточных, как для формирования новых бизнес-единиц, так и для развития уже созданных. В этих условиях ключевым фактором, определяющим развития данного сегмента бизнеса, становятся альтернативные источники финансового обеспечения, в том числе и краудное финансирование. Для его реализации имеются все предпосылки, в числе которых повышение финансово-правовой грамотности населения и бизнеса, государственная поддержка, а также накопленный опыт в этой сфере других государств. Роли альтернативных источников в развитии малых предприятий посвящена настоящая статья, раскрываются их преимущества в сравнении с классическими ресурсами.
Small business development is currently a priority. An important role in this process is played by the availability of financial resources necessary and sufficient both for the formation of new business units and for the development of already created ones. Under these conditions, alternative sources of financial support, including crowdfunding, become the key factor determining the development of this business segment. There are all prerequisites for its implementation, including: increasing the financial and legal literacy of the population and business, state support, as well as the accumulated experience in this area of other states. The role of alternative sources in the development of small enterprises is devoted to this article, in addition, their advantages in comparison with classical resources are revealed.
IMERSÃO DE METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS COM INOVAÇÃO PEDAGÓGICA: EXPERIÊNCIA INOVADORA NO MUNICÍPIO DE CARUARU-PE.
Authors: Silva José Renan da , Rufino Leonardo Ferreira , Oliveira Paloma Maria de , Silva Rodrigo Tadeu Cícero da , Silva Thaís Maria Santos Costa da , Sousa Raniere Pontes de 
Published: September 2024

Por intermédio da prefeitura municipal de Caruaru, junto à Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, foi criado um projeto que visa melhorar o rendimento dos alunos do município, que, de acordo com os dados do IDEB se encontram abaixo da média estadual e brasileira. Para perceber a diferença entre a média geral do Brasil, Pernambuco e Caruaru, abaixo é possível observar a comparação desses dados, divididos em dois blocos, um para as séries iniciais e outro para as séries finais.

Dados IDEB 2015

Caruaru

Pernambuco

Brasil

Séries Iniciais

4.5

4.6

5.3

Séries Finais

3.8

3.8

4.1

É possível perceber que Caruaru está sempre entre os piores dados obtidos no período. Pensando nisso, foi proposta uma intervenção para tentar melhorar esse quadro, tomando como piloto a Escola Municipal Professora Gianete Silva, localizada na Rua Arquimedes de Oliveira, Bairro Petrópolis, Caruaru-PE. O projeto de intervenção a ser realizado com o município, tem como foco levar as metodologias ativas e inovadoras para dentro da escola, com o propósito de tentar alterar o caráter conservador da sala de aula, adaptando-a a realidade e necessidade dos alunos. Pretende-se por meio do projeto, contribuir para aumentar, até 2020, o IDEB da escola em 20%, caso essa meta seja atingida espera-se que justifique a expansão do projeto às demais escolas do município.
PRÁTICAS DE ANTECIPAÇÃO PELA PEDAGOGIA DA GRATIDÃO COM PROFESSORES DE CIÊNCIAS E MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Silva Tarcis Teles Xavier da , Ribeiro Janaína Siqueira Santos Sales 
Published: September 2024

A pesquisa aborda a necessidade de repensar os Programas de Pós-graduação em Educação em Ciências e matemática no contexto pós-pandemia. Questiona-se como será a formação dos professores e como executar a carga horária prática das disciplinas considerando o que foi vivenciado durante a pandemia? A gratidão é destacada como uma pedagogia que traz benefícios sociais ao resgatar a prática de agradecer no ambiente educativo. Essa abordagem contrapõe-se à visão de ensino exclusivista de ciências e matemática, pois existe o reconhecimento dos processos de ensino e aprendizagem como interdependentes entre professores e alunos. O artigo defende a necessidade de ir além das plataformas convencionais de ensino, explorando também aplicativos de mídias sociais para engajar os aprendizes. Ele discute as práticas pedagógicas de gratidão na formação continuada de professores, destacando o uso de recursos digitais como aplicativos de gratidão, redes sociais, YouTube e a carta FutureMe, além de ações humanizadas como boas-vindas, abraços e espaços de diálogo. A formação de professores de ciências e matemática é vista com preocupação devido ao descontentamento dos alunos e ao perfil curricular conteudista dos cursos. Observa-se a necessidade de uma verdadeira revolução na formação desses profissionais, com uma abordagem que priorize o cuidado consigo mesmo e a construção de uma sala de aula humanizada. A gratidão é apresentada como uma atitude que pode melhorar o bem-estar emocional e a felicidade, além de contribuir para o desenvolvimento profissional do docente. Detalhamos práticas de antecipação do professor de ciências e matemática, como o diário da gratidão, conversas e cartas de gratidão, que visam estimular a reflexão e a preparação para a aula. O estudo foi realizado com 32 professores de ciências e matemática em um programa de mestrado onde foi utilizado uma abordagem qualitativa de estudo de caso. Foram usados materiais didáticos elaborados pelos formadores e registros das percepções dos professores em uma plataforma de mensagens instantâneas. A análise dos dados revelou que a pandemia influenciou, significativamente, na forma de viver e de se comunicar, levando à criação de um "novo normal". A integração de redes sociais facilitou a comunicação entre professores e alunos. O estudo concluiu a importância da gratidão como uma atitude interior pode promover o autoconhecimento e estimular mudanças positivas nas práticas de ensino. A construção de um aplicativo personalizado e as atividades presenciais promoveram o desenvolvimento de uma identidade profissional humanizadora, permitindo aos professores de ciências e matemática enxergar além dos conteúdos prescritos e valorizar as relações interpessoais em sala de aula.
MÚSICA, DANÇA E CRIATIVIDADE: DIÁLOGOS POSSÍVEIS COM A PEDAGOGIA DA GRATIDÃO
Authors: Neto Manoel Sérgio de Oliveira 
Published: September 2024

O artigo destaca a necessidade de inovação e criatividade na educação para combater a desmotivação e o desinteresse dos alunos. O trabalho foi conduzido pela professora que, juntamente com colegas, desenvolveu um projeto educativo interdisciplinar que combina música, dança e aprendizagem, intitulado “La Ciencia Cantada” para engajar os alunos de uma forma divertida e significativa. A proposta era usar a pedagogia da gratidão na prática educativa. Pois, segundo a educadora Kerry Howells, este sentimento pode ser uma ferramenta poderosa para transformar a relação ensino-aprendizagem para promoção do engajamento e conexão entre alunos e professores. Porque se trata apenas de agradecer pelas coisas boas, mas de reconhecer e valorizar as oportunidades e experiências de aprendizagem. No desenvolvimento do projeto os discentes foram incentivados a criar paródias musicais relacionadas aos conteúdos de química, biologia e inglês para que se expressassem de forma criativa, ao mesmo tempo em que consolidavam seus conhecimentos. Além disso, a atividade promoveu a colaboração entre eles, incentivando-os a trabalhar em equipe e a valorizar as contribuições de cada membro do grupo. O projeto também enfatizou a importância da dança e do movimento como formas de expressão e aprendizagem. A dança foi incorporada nas apresentações dos alunos, permitindo que explorassem suas emoções e sentimentos de uma maneira lúdica e divertida. Esta abordagem holística reconhece a relevância do corpo e das emoções no processo de aprendizagem. Ao final do projeto foi organizado um evento na escola para apresentação das paródias. Este momento foi uma oportunidade para os estudantes mostrarem seus talentos e habilidades, ao mesmo tempo em que fortaleceram os laços de amizade e colaboração. O evento também permitiu que se sentissem valorizados e reconhecidos pelo seu esforço e dedicação. A pedagogia da gratidão oferece uma maneira eficaz de cultivar uma cultura de apreciação e reconhecimento na sala de aula, promovendo um ambiente de aprendizagem mais positivo e acolhedor. Sendo assim, projeto demonstrou como a pedagogia da gratidão pode ser incorporada de forma prática e significativa na educação. Ao reconhecer e valorizar as contribuições dos alunos e promover uma perspectiva de aprendizagem centrada no aluno, os educadores podem criar experiências mais engajadoras e significativas.
PARA ALÉM DA SALA DE AULA: metodologias ativas e a construção de uma educação que valorize a cultura afro-brasileira
Authors: Martins Egon Adahil Ferreira 
Published: September 2024

O artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre a implementação de metodologias ativas e inovadoras no contexto educacional, com foco na valorização do aprendizado e na promoção da diversidade cultural. Inicialmente, destaca-se a necessidade de desaprender conceitos arraigados para abrir espaço a novas abordagens pedagógicas. Através de uma experiência vivencial em um terreiro de candomblé, durante dois finais de semana, exploramos desafios e oportunidades proporcionados por essa imersão metodológica e cultural. Discussões sobre pedagogia decolonial, leituras prévias e interações com a comunidade local enriqueceram o processo de aprendizagem. Além disso, são abordadas reflexões sobre a necessidade de repensar a configuração do espaço educacional tradicional. Por meio de exemplos práticos, como a apresentação do espetáculo teatral "MatemÁfrica" e a visita a um terreiro de candomblé em Olinda, são exploradas novas perspectivas para o ensino e aprendizagem, destacando a importância da conexão com as tradições culturais afro-brasileiras. A experiência de dormir no terreiro proporcionou uma imersão profunda na espiritualidade e ancestralidade, promovendo sentimentos de gratidão e conexão com a diversidade cultural. Em suma, o artigo enfatiza a importância de métodos educacionais inovadores e culturalmente relevantes para promover uma educação mais inclusiva, reflexiva e antirracista.