bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DEFEATING INEQUALITIES IN SCHOOL ACCESS: A CASE OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Hameed Abdul , Manzoor Afaf 
Published: August 2016

A recent study reveals that average distance from home to special school for children with disabilities in Punjab is about 11 km. A huge and free transport system is established to overcome the distance barrier. Moreover, the incentives such as free uniform, books, assistive devices and hostel facility along with subsistence allowance of Rs.800 per month have failed to increase enrolment beyond 4%. This situation clearly shows that special school is not an appropriate solution if 100% enrolment of children with disabilities is the target. The only way out left is then to improve the existing regular school available at the doorstep of all children through inclusive education. The public image of disability suitable for inclusion, however, has emerged as the most challenging barrier to inclusive education. There seems a consensus that only children with mild disabilities should be included in regular schools for inclusion, whereas the children with severe and profound disabilities should remain in special schools or out of school. There is need to investigate this pseudo consensus to bring about a conceptual clarity in the term inclusive education so that early efforts of inclusive education should take right direction.
GROWING STUDENT VOICE IN CURRICULUM DECISIONS AT THE UNIVERSITY
Authors: Rojas Pernia Susana , Haya Salmón Ignacio , Susinos Rada Teresa 
Published: August 2016

This paper is a result of the development of the R+D Project ‘Schools that are moving towards inclusive education: working with the local community, the student voice and educational support for promoting change’ in conjunction with the Innovation Project ‘Building Bridges. An Educational Innovation Project in the European Higher Education Area’ which has been developed in the University of Cantabria (Spain). The main objective of this project is to put into practice teaching methodology which reflects the inclusive principle of collaboration, with the aim of widening student participation as agents in the development of the curriculum (Seale, ). The initiative is being developed over two academic years 2013/14 and 2014/15 in two subjects in Primary Education teacher training. One hundred and eighty‐six students together with their teachers are taking part in the project. The project has been organised in two phases. In the first phase, students from the two participating groups chose different materials and resources for teaching three major topics in schools: collaboration, the feeling of belonging and respect for differences. In the second phase, some of the students from both subjects, together with their University teachers, established a Resource Guide which could be considered as one of the main results of this project. Furthermore, the latter required sustained commitment over time (8 months). Similarly other collaborative values, which will be discussed in further detail, can be found in this work. These are: the connection between training and the real needs of schools (Zeichner, ), the projection of work carried out towards the future given that this will be shared with students from subsequent courses or the proposal of collaboration with the material and tangible objective of practical use aimed at inclusive education. Lastly, the project has been evaluated by the participants based on in‐depth interviews. In this summary, it can be seen that students have emphasised the value of this project as a way of enabling them to experience new teaching methodologies which promote a realistic connection between what is studied in the classroom with actual practice in schools.
GRADUAÇÃO DE SURDOS E OUVINTES EM LÍNGUA DE SINAIS
Authors: Nembri Armando Guimarães 
Published: August 2016

RESUMOEste estudo partiu da necessidade de se conhecer o cotidiano escolar de um Curso Bilíngue Superior, que começou a funcionar na instituição referência nacional no campo da surdez, o Instituto Nacional de Educação de Surdos (INES). Tal necessidade de imersão e, por conseguinte, de avaliação, se deu por conta da abordagem do Curso, cujo caráter inédito no Brasil e na América Latina considerou, como Língua de Instrução, a Língua Brasileira de Sinais (LIBRAS), a língua da comunidade surda, bem como considerou, como Disciplina Obrigatória de sua grade curricular, a Língua Portuguesa, a língua da sociedade majoritária brasileira. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar até que ponto a LIBRAS é o instrumento mediador da abordagem bilíngue proposta pelas diretrizes do primeiro Curso Superior Bilíngue para estudantes ouvintes e surdos. O estudo destaca as etapas metodológicas da avaliação, dando ênfase à obtenção de dados diretamente no ambiente no qual ocorre o fenômeno avaliado, onde o autor do estudo avaliativo, surdo profundo em função da Síndrome de Goldenhar, é seu principal agente e instrumento. As observações demandaram um semestre. Foram constatadas fragilidades e notadas oportunidades em função do pioneirismo da proposta que tornou realidade um antigo pleito da comunidade surda, um Curso Superior cuja língua de instrução fosse a sua L1. Neste estudo foi possível verificar que, apesar do ineditismo da proposta, a abordagem bilíngue ainda não foi completa e efetivamente contemplada, em função da não utilização plena da Língua de Sinais no cotidiano escolar. A partir dos resultados, recomenda‐se a continuidade do Curso, apesar das fragilidades detectadas.
EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, CEGUEIRA E PERCEPÇÃO PLANTAR
Authors: Miranda Ruy Antônio Wanderley Rodrigues , Pinel Hiran 
Published: August 2016

Introdução: Este trabalho apresenta resultados de um estudo que objetivou desvelar a influência da percepção plantar na orientação e mobilidade de um estudante cego. A fisiologia da percepção plantar se apresenta por sistemas proprioceptivos, protagonizados por neuroreceptores, como os fusos musculares.Metodologia: Tratou‐se de uma abordagem qualitativa, sob perspectiva teórico‐metodológica do Estudo de Caso com inspiração fenomenológica‐existencial. O sujeito foi um estudante cego de uma escola pública em Vitória (ES), Brasil.Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que quando com pés descalços, o estudante percebeu e distinguiu as diferentes texturas dos pisos, entretanto, quando da utilização de calçados, houve significativa perda na percepção plantar.Conclusões: Considerando as limitações deste estudo, as conclusões nos direcionaram para o entendimento de que a percepção plantar, se traduz, para o estudante cego, como fator de significativa importância para auxiliar na sua própria orientação e mobilidade.
Spilomicrus magnussp. nov., a new diapriid wasp (Hymenoptera: Diaprioidea: Diapriidae) from South Korea and two new records of the genus Spilomicrus from the Eastern Palaearctic region
Authors: Kim Chang‐Jun , Lee Jong‐Wook 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA new species, Spilomicrus magnus sp. nov. from South Korea, is here described and illustrated. This species belongs to the Spilomicrus stigmaticalis group by a broad occipital flange and posteriorly broad and deep notauli. Spilomicrus lubomasneri Chemyreva and S. nottoni Chemyreva are newly recorded from China.
Xenomicrobiology: a roadmap for genetic code engineering
Authors: Acevedo‐Rocha Carlos G. , Budisa Nediljko 
Published: August 2016

SummaryBiology is an analytical and informational science that is becoming increasingly dependent on chemical synthesis. One example is the high‐throughput and low‐cost synthesis of DNA, which is a foundation for the research field of synthetic biology (SB). The aim of SB is to provide biotechnological solutions to health, energy and environmental issues as well as unsustainable manufacturing processes in the frame of naturally existing chemical building blocks. Xenobiology (XB) goes a step further by implementing non‐natural building blocks in living cells. In this context, genetic code engineering respectively enables the re‐design of genes/genomes and proteins/proteomes with non‐canonical nucleic (XNAs) and amino (ncAAs) acids. Besides studying information flow and evolutionary innovation in living systems, XB allows the development of new‐to‐nature therapeutic proteins/peptides, new biocatalysts for potential applications in synthetic organic chemistry and biocontainment strategies for enhanced biosafety. In this perspective, we provide a brief history and evolution of the genetic code in the context of XB. We then discuss the latest efforts and challenges ahead for engineering the genetic code with focus on substitutions and additions of ncAAs as well as standard amino acid reductions. Finally, we present a roadmap for the directed evolution of artificial microbes for emancipating rare sense codons that could be used to introduce novel building blocks. The development of such xenomicroorganisms endowed with a ‘genetic firewall’ will also allow to study and understand the relation between code evolution and horizontal gene transfer.
Draft genome of an iconic Red Sea reef fish, the blacktail butterflyfish (Chaetodon austriacus): current status and its characteristics
Authors: DiBattista Joseph D. , Wang Xin , Saenz‐Agudelo Pablo , Piatek Marek J. , Aranda Manuel , Berumen Michael L. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractButterflyfish are among the most iconic of the coral reef fishes and represent a model system to study general questions of biogeography, evolution and population genetics. We assembled and annotated the genome sequence of the blacktail butterflyfish (Chaetodon austriacus), an Arabian region endemic species that is reliant on coral reefs for food and shelter. Using available bony fish (superclass Osteichthyes) genomes as a reference, a total of 28 926 high‐quality protein‐coding genes were predicted from 13 967 assembled scaffolds. The quality and completeness of the draft genome of C. austriacus suggest that it has the potential to serve as a resource for studies on the co‐evolution of reef fish adaptations to the unique Red Sea environment, as well as a comparison of gene sequences between closely related congeneric species of butterflyfish distributed more broadly across the tropical Indo‐Pacific.
wisepair: a computer program for individual matching in genetic tracking studies
Authors: Rothstein Andrew P. , McLaughlin Ryan , Acevedo‐Gutiérrez Alejandro , Schwarz Dietmar 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIndividual‐based data sets tracking organisms over space and time are fundamental to answering broad questions in ecology and evolution. A ‘permanent’ genetic tag circumvents a need to invasively mark or tag animals, especially if there are little phenotypic differences among individuals. However, genetic tracking of individuals does not come without its limits; correctly matching genotypes and error rates associated with laboratory work can make it difficult to parse out matched individuals. In addition, defining a sampling design that effectively matches individuals in the wild can be a challenge for researchers. Here, we combine the two objectives of defining sampling design and reducing genotyping error through an efficient Python‐based computer‐modelling program,wisepair. We describe the methods used to develop the computer program and assess its effectiveness through three empirical data sets, with and without reference genotypes. Our results show thatwisepairoutperformed similar genotype matching programs using previously published from reference genotype data of diurnal poison frogs (Allobates femoralis)and without‐reference (faecal) genotype sample data sets of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) and Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra). In addition, due to limited sampling effort in the harbour seal data, we present optimal sampling designs for future projects.wisepairallows for minimal sacrifice in the available methods as it incorporates sample rerun error data, allelic pairwise comparisons and probabilistic simulations to determine matching thresholds. Our program is the lone tool available to researchers to define parameters a priori for genetic tracking studies.
The association of dopamine pathway gene score, nicotine dependence and smoking cessation in a rural male population of Shandong, China
Authors: Li Suyun , Wang Qiang , Pan Lulu , Li Huijie , Yang Xiaorong , Jiang Fan , Zhang Nan , Han Mingkui , Jia Chongqi 
Published: August 2016

Background and ObjectivesSmoking and smoking cessation are both psychological and physiological traits. We aimed to investigate the interaction between dopamine pathway gene scores and nicotine dependence on smoking cessation in a rural Chinese male population.MethodsParticipants were recruited from 17 villages in Shandong, China. DNA was extracted from blood sample of 819 participants. 25 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 8 dopamine (DA) pathway genes were genotyped. Weighted gene score of each gene is used to analyze the whole gene effect. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and multivariate‐adjusted OR of each gene score for smoking cessation. Multiplicative model interaction was assessed through a cross‐product interaction term of gene score by nicotine dependence in a multivariate logistic regression model.ResultsAfter adjusting for age, occupation, education, marital status, self‐rating anxiety score, and disease status, we observed significant negative associations of catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT), dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) gene score and smoking cessation, as well as significant positive associations between ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1 (ANKK1), dopamine transporter (SLC6A3), dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene score and smoking cessation. A significant multiplicative model interaction between nicotine dependence and the SLC6A3 gene score on smoking cessation was also observed (p = .03).Conclusions and Scientific SignificanceThere is a significant multiplicative model interaction of SLC6A3 gene score and nicotine dependence on smoking cessation. This finding could help to identify smokers who may be at high risk of relapse, and thus to develop more professional and personalized smoking cessation treatment. (Am J Addict 2016;25:493–498)
Number of negative lymph nodes as a prognostic factor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ma Mingquan , Tang Peng , Jiang Hongjing , Gong Lei , Duan Xiaofeng , Shang Xiaobin , Yu Zhentao 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study is to investigate the number of negative lymph nodes (NLNs) as a prognostic factor for survival in patients with resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsA total of 381 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients who had underwent surgical resection as the primary treatment was enrolled into this retrospective study. The impact of number of NLNs on patient's overall survival was assessed and compared with the factors among the current tumor‐nodes‐metastasis (TNM) staging system.ResultsThe number of NLNs was closely related to the overall survival, and the 5‐year survival rate was 45.4% for number of NLNs of >20 (142 cases) and 26.4% for NLNs ≤ 20 (239 cases) (P = 0.001). In multivariate survival analysis, the number of NLNs remained an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.002) as did the other current TNM factors. For subgroup analysis, the predictive value of number of NLNs was significant in patients with T3 or T4 disease (P = 0.001) and patients with N1 and N2–3 disease (P = 0.025, 0.043), but not in patients with T1 or T2 disease or patients with N0 disease.ConclusionsThe number of NLNs, which represents the extent of lymphadenectomy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, could impact the overall survival of patients with resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, especially among those with nodal‐positive disease and advanced T‐stage tumor.
A comparison of immunohistochemical and molecular methods used for analyzing the BRAF V600E gene mutation in malignant melanoma in Taiwan
Authors: Huang Wen‐Kuan , Kuo Tseng‐Tong , Wu Chiao‐En , Cheng Hsin‐Yi , Hsieh Chia‐Hsun , Hsieh Jia‐Juan , Shen Yung‐Chi , Hou Ming‐Mo , Hsu Todd , Chang John Wen‐Cheng 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAimsThe BRAF V600 mutation has been shown to be clinically meaningful in terms of both the prognosis and sensitivity of BRAF inhibitors in patients with metastatic melanoma. Recently, a BRAF V600E mutation‐specific antibody, VE1, was generated for the detection of tumors bearing BRAF V600E mutations. To determine the clinical value of immunohistochemical testing, we compared the prevalence of mutant BRAF detected by VE1 with direct sequencing results.MethodsParaffin‐embedded, formalin‐fixed melanoma biopsies were analyzed for the BRAF mutation status by immunohistochemistry with the VE1 antibody. Sanger sequencing was applied to verify the immunohistochemical results.ResultsA total of 73 melanoma cases with tumor samples from primary lymph nodes and metastatic sites were selected for this study. Direct sequencing demonstrated that 18 of 73 cases (24.6%) harbored the BRAF V600 mutation: 17 with V600E and one with V600K. All 18 tumors shown to harbor the BRAF V600E/K mutations were VE1‐positive. One additional case was false‐positive for VE1. The sensitivity and specificity of VE1 was 100% (18/18) and 98% (54/55), respectively. The overall concordance between the immunohistochemical method and direct sequencing was excellent (98.6%).ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that immunohistochemical analysis using VE1 constitutes a highly sensitive test for the detection of BRAF mutations and suggest that this cost‐effective method is suitable as a rapid diagnostic approach complementary to molecular testing.
Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis: Case report of an unexpected treatment reaction
Authors: Camões Sara , Sampaio Joana , Rocha Joana , Tiago Pedro , Lopes Cristina 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAutoimmune progesterone dermatitis (APD) is a rare skin condition with a varying morphology, which appears on a monthly basis during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and resolves spontaneously with the endogenous decrease in progesterone during menses. We present the case of 39‐year‐old multiparous Caucasian woman with generalised, self‐limited urticaria in her perimenstrual period. APD was diagnosed in light of the cyclical nature of the symptoms. An intradermal test with the administration of 0.5 mg/mL of medroxyprogesterone acetate showed a positive result. She started using vaginal hormonal contraceptive that paradoxically exacerbate the symptoms, which ceased after the removal of the device. An oral combined contraceptive was initiated instead, with complete resolution of the symptoms.We share the case because of the rarity of the situation, emphasising the importance of a multidisciplinary team for differential diagnosis and patient follow up.
Use of thrombin‐based haemostatic matrix in head and neck reconstructions: a potential risk factor for pulmonary embolism
Authors: Yue Brian Y. T. , Zinn Richard , Roberts Rachael , Wilson Jeremy 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundHaemostatic agents including thrombin‐based haemostatic matrix are widely used in patients undergoing cardiac, vascular and spinal surgery. These agents promote local haemostasis through activation of the clotting cascade. To our knowledge, this case series is the first report of pulmonary embolization associated with FloSeal following head and neck oncology resection and free flap reconstruction.MethodsWe present five patients who were diagnosed with symptomatic pulmonary embolism after oncologic head and neck free flap reconstructions in 2014 and 2015.ResultsThere were five patients consisting of three males and two females. The mean age was 67 years, ranging from 60 to 74 years. Pulmonary embolism occurred between 3 and 30 days with a mean of 12 days. Four out of the five reported cases showed involvement of more than one lobe, and two cases had bilateral pulmonary involvement. All but one patient underwent infratemporal fossa dissections as part of the cancer resection. Ten millilitres of FloSeal was applied to the pterygoid plexi in the four patients to achieve haemostasis. All patients received heparin infusion followed by warfarin therapy for at least 6 months with no mortality or complications relating to pulmonary embolism to date.ConclusionAlthough inconclusive due to study design and small numbers, this series raises the possibility that there may be an association between the use of haemostatic matrix in head and neck oncologic reconstructions and pulmonary embolism. Haemostatic matrix must be used in caution when there is a direct contact with venous endolumens such as the pterygoid plexus and soleus.
Geographical disparity in breast reconstruction following mastectomy has reduced over time
Authors: Dasgupta Paramita , Youl Philippa H. , Pyke Christopher , Aitken Joanne F. , Baade Peter D. 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundBreast reconstruction (BR) following mastectomy for breast cancer has been shown to improve quality of life and body image; however, there is significant geographic variation in BR rates. We explored factors associated with BR following mastectomy.MethodsThis is a population‐based data linkage study consisting of cancer registry records linked to hospital inpatient episodes for 4104 women aged 20 years and over‐diagnosed with a first primary invasive localized stage breast cancer between 1997 and 2012 in Queensland, Australia, who underwent a mastectomy. Multivariate logistic regression was used to model predictors of BR.ResultsOverall, 481 women (11.7%) underwent reconstruction. Proportions increased over time and were higher for younger women. Younger age, more recent diagnosis, living in high or very high accessibility areas or less disadvantaged areas, smaller tumours and attending a private or high‐volume hospital independently increased the odds of reconstruction. The geographical disparity reduced significantly over time.ConclusionGeographical barriers to accessing BR have reduced; however, continued monitoring and further research to inform strategies to further reduce subgroup disparities remain a priority.
Curvature of iris profile in spectral domain optical coherence tomography and dependency to refraction, age and pupil size – the MIPH Eye&Health Study
Authors: Schuster Alexander K. , Fischer Joachim E. , Vossmerbaeumer Urs 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPurposeOptical coherence tomography (OCT) of the anterior segment allows quantitative analysis of the geometry of the iris. We performed spectral domain OCT examinations in healthy emmetropic, hyperopic and myopic subjects to investigate iris curvature and its associations.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional study, out of 4617 eyes (2309 subjects) those with refractive errors of <−4 or >+3 dioptres were identified by objective refraction. The iris was examined using the anterior segment mode of a spectral domain 3D OCT‐2000 (Topcon Inc., Japan) in the temporal meridian, and OCT scans were investigated with respect to presence and amount of convex and concave iris configuration. Ninety‐three eyes of 50 subjects served as emmetropic group (−0.5 ≤ x ≤+0.5 dioptres). Previous ocular surgery was exclusion criterion.ResultsSix hundred and sixty‐eight eyes of 398 persons [292 male (76%); age range; 18–66 years] were included in the study. In the myopic group, 105 eyes had a concave iris configuration (26%), while in the hyperopic group, no eye had this configuration (0%) and in the emmetropic group five eyes (5%). Convex iris configuration was found in 96% of hyperopic, in 85% of the emmetropic and in 67% of the myopic eyes. There was an association between concave iris configuration and myopia, younger age and male gender, and with anterior chamber angle width.ConclusionSpectral domain OCT images can be used for analysis of the iris structure and geometry. Our results are limited to the properties of the study population having an age range from 18 to 66 years and consisting mainly of men.