bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multimodal emotion recognition: A comprehensive review, trends, and challenges
Authors: Ramaswamy Manju Priya Arthanarisamy , Palaniswamy Suja 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAutomatic emotion recognition is a burgeoning field of research and has its roots in psychology and cognitive science. This article comprehensively reviews multimodal emotion recognition, covering various aspects such as emotion theories, discrete and dimensional models, emotional response systems, datasets, and current trends. This article reviewed 179 multimodal emotion recognition literature papers from 2017 to 2023 to reflect on the current trends in multimodal affective computing. This article covers various modalities used in emotion recognition based on the emotional response system under four categories: subjective experience comprising text and self‐report; peripheral physiology comprising electrodermal, cardiovascular, facial muscle, and respiration activity; central physiology comprising EEG, neuroimaging, and EOG; behavior comprising facial, vocal, whole‐body behavior, and observer ratings. This review summarizes the measures and behavior of each modality under various emotional states. This article provides an extensive list of multimodal datasets and their unique characteristics. The recent advances in multimodal emotion recognition are grouped based on the research focus areas such as emotion elicitation strategy, data collection and handling, the impact of culture and modality on multimodal emotion recognition systems, feature extraction, feature selection, alignment of signals across the modalities, and fusion strategies. The recent multimodal fusion strategies are detailed in this article, as extracting shared representations of different modalities, removing redundant features from different modalities, and learning critical features from each modality are crucial for multimodal emotion recognition. This article summarizes the strengths and weaknesses of multimodal emotion recognition based on the review outcome, along with challenges and future work in multimodal emotion recognition. This article aims to serve as a lucid introduction, covering all aspects of multimodal emotion recognition for novices.This article is categorized under:
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Human Centricity and User Interaction
Technologies > Cognitive Computing
Technologies > Artificial Intelligence
The impact of topical tranexamic acid on drain duration and seroma volume in axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pachimatla Akhil Goud , Irrinki Santosh , Khare Siddhant , Raj Nirmal , Singh Gurpreet , Laroiya Ishita 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundSeroma is the most common complication after breast surgery. Some studies showed that tranexamic acid (TA) can be used in breast surgery to reduce seroma formation and drain volume. We studied the effect of intra‐operative and postoperative topical TA on the duration of drain and volume of seroma in patients undergoing axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for breast cancer.Patients and MethodsBreast cancer patients planned for ALND were enrolled in the study between July 2020 and July 2021. Patients were randomized into three groups where one group (n = 50) received a single intraoperative dose of diluted topical TA, the second group, in addition, received daily postoperative doses till day 5 through the suction drain, and the third group (n = 50) did not receive any dose. Chi‐square tests and ANOVA were used to analyze the primary outcomes—the total volume of drain fluid and total drain duration, and secondary outcomes—daily drain output till postoperative‐day‐5, wound infection, and seroma rates.ResultsPatients receiving multiple doses of topical TA had a decreasing trend in total drain volume, although this was not statistically significant (1597 vs. 1763 vs. 1773 mL: p = 0.269). There was no significant change in the duration of the postoperative drain (21.6 vs. 19.2 vs. 19.55 days: p = 0.54). There was no statistically significant difference in complications between the groups.ConclusionThere is no significant reduction in drain duration, total drain volume, or the rate of complications with the use of single or multiple doses of topical TA.
Heat and mass transfer in MHD flow of SWCNT and graphene nanoparticles suspension in Casson fluid
Authors: Oke Abayomi Samuel , Juma Belindar Atieno , Reddy Gurrampati Venkatta Ramana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe exceptional mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene nanoparticles, particularly their high aspect ratio and flexibility, position them as highly promising materials for the next generation of armor technology. Their incorporation into protective wear, such as bullet‐proof vests, offers the potential for significant improvements in both performance and cost efficiency. By replacing traditional materials with CNTs and graphene, the durability and maintenance of these protective devices could be substantially enhanced, leading to more effective and sustainable solutions for personal safety. This study focuses on the complex phenomena of heat and mass transport within a suspension of CNTs and graphene nanoparticles dispersed in a Casson fluid, particularly under the influence of an applied magnetic field. The analysis begins by reformulating the governing equations using similarity variables to transform them into a dimensionless form to simplify the problem. The resulting dimensionless equations are then solved using the three‐stage Lobatto IIIa finite difference method, a robust numerical technique well‐suited for solving boundary value problems in fluid dynamics. The results of this investigation highlight a significant 78.41% reduction in skin friction when compared with traditional CNT‐water nanofluid systems. This considerable decrease in skin friction not only reveals the superior performance of the CNT‐graphene nanofluid suspension but also opens up new possibilities for the design and development of advanced protective materials. These findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on nanofluid applications and offer valuable insights for future research in the field of advanced armor technology.
KdV conformal symmetry breaking in nearly AdS2
Authors: Cárdenas Marcela 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We study the gauge theory formulation of Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity and propose Korteweg-de Vries asymptotic conditions that generalize the asymptotic dynamics of the theory. They permit to construct an enlarged set of boundary actions formed by higher order generalizations of the Schwarzian derivative that contain the Schwarzian as lower term in a tower of SL(2, ℝ) invariants. They are extracted from the KdV Hamiltonians and can be obtained recursively. As a result, the conformal symmetry breaking observed in nearly AdS2 is characterized by a much larger set of dynamical modes associated to the stationary KdV hierarchy. We study quantum perturbation theory for the generalized Schwarzian action including the symplectic measure and compute the one-loop correction to the partition function. We find that despite the non-linear nature of the higher-Schwarzian contribution, it acquires a manageable expression that renders a curious leading temperature dependence on the entropy S = #Ta for a an odd integer.
Bispectrum at 1-loop in the Effective Field Theory of Inflation
Authors: Bhowmick Supritha , Ghosh Diptimoy , Ullah Farman 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this paper we compute 1-loop corrections to the bispectrum in the decoupling limit of the Effective Field Theory of Inflation (EFToI). We regulate the divergences by employing dimensional regularization and work in d = 3 + δ dimensions. We find that the final results feature analytic structures of the form log (ki/kT) and log (H/μ), where H is the Hubble parameter and μ is the renormalisation scale. An interesting outcome of our calculations is that unlike the 1-loop correction to the power-spectrum computed in [1] the unrenormalised answers always produce unphysical logarithms of co-moving momenta. These unphysical logarithms are cancelled only after renormalisation. We expect this to be a generic feature for loop computations unless there is some cancellation as in the previously computed 1-loop result for the power-spectrum.
Revisiting the decoupling limit of the Georgi-Machacek model with a scalar singlet
Authors: Bélanger Geneviève , Dutta Juhi , Godbole Rohini M. , Kraml Sabine , Mitra Manimala , Padhan Rojalin , Roy Abhishek 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We study the connection between collider and dark matter phenomenology in the singlet extension of the Georgi-Machacek model. In this framework, the singlet scalar serves as a suitable thermal dark matter (DM) candidate. Our focus lies on the region vχ< 1 GeV, where vχ is the common vacuum expectation value of the neutral components of the scalar triplets of the model. Setting bounds on the model parameters from theoretical, electroweak precision and LHC experimental constraints, we find that the BSM Higgs sector is highly constrained. Allowed values for the masses of the custodial fiveplets, triplets and singlet are restricted to the range 140 GeV <$$ {M}_{H_5^0} $$

M

H
5
0

< 350 GeV, 150 GeV <$$ {M}_{H_3^0} $$

M

H
3
0

< 270 GeV and 145 GeV < MH< 300 GeV. The extended scalar sector provides new channels for DM annihilation into BSM scalars that allow to satisfy the observed relic density constraint while being consistent with direct DM detection limits. The allowed region of the parameter space of the model can be explored in the upcoming DM detection experiments, both direct and indirect. In particular, the possible high values of BR($$ {H}_5^0 $$

H
5
0

→ γγ) can lead to an indirect DM signal within the reach of CTA. The same feature also provides the possibility of exploring the model at the High-Luminosity run of the LHC. In a simple cut-based analysis, we find that a signal of about 4σ significance can be achieved in final states with at least two photons for one of our benchmark points.
An observer’s measure of de Sitter entropy
Authors: Mirbabayi Mehrdad 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The two-point correlation function of a massive field ⟨χ(τ)χ(0)⟩, measured along an observer’s worldline in de Sitter (dS), decays exponentially as τ → ∞. Meanwhile, every dS observer is surrounded by a horizon and the holographic interpretation of the horizon entropy SdS suggests that the correlation function should stop decaying, and start behaving erratically at late times. We find evidence for this expectation in Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity by finding a topologically nontrivial saddle, which is suppressed by $$ {e}^{-{S}_{\textrm{dS}}} $$

e

−

S
dS

, and which gives a constant contribution to | ⟨χ(τ)χ(0)⟩ |2. This constant might have the interpretation of the late-time average of | ⟨χ(τ)χ(0)⟩ |2 over all microscopic theories that have the same low-energy effective description.
Bettseitige Bildgebung
Authors: Zilberszac Robert 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Sonographie, insbesondere die Echokardiographie, ist in der Beurteilung des Volumenstatus und der Hämodynamik kritisch kranker Patienten unerlässlich. Die Untersuchung des linken Ventrikels liefert neben einer Beurteilung der Ventrikelfunktion auch weitere wertvolle Informationen, einschließlich des „kissing papillary muscle sign“, das auf einen Volumenbedarf hinweisen kann. Die Untersuchung des rechten Ventrikels ist ebenfalls wichtig, da er sowohl auf Volumen- als auch auf Druckbelastung empfindlich reagiert. Die Beurteilung der diastolischen Funktion und die Messung der V.-cava-inferior-Weite und -Variabilität geben Hinweise auf die Vorlast des linken bzw. rechten Ventrikels. Die Messung des Schlagvolumens und des Herzzeitvolumens ermöglicht eine weitere Beurteilung der Hämodynamik und lässt auch eine Ermittlung der Schlagvolumenvariabilität zu.
Experimental investigation of FDM manufacturing of 316 l stainless steel
Authors: Cerlincă Delia-Aurora , Tamașag Ioan , Beșliu-Băncescu Irina , Severin Traian-Lucian , Dulucheanu Constantin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Continuous research in the field of metal additive manufacturing has led to the need for constant improvement of manufacturing parameters especially in the case of FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) manufacturing. In recent years, the main directions outlined for productivity and quality improvement were related to higher printing speed and the use of ironing-type processes. This article aims to study the manufacturing parameters of the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of FDM-manufactured 316L stainless steel. The degree of novelty is given by the application of the ironing process for the green part. A full factorial 33 experimental design was designed for this study, in which the factors studied were ironing angle, ironing speed, and layer spacing during ironing. The dimensional accuracy and surface roughness were analyzed by means of deviation measurement from CAD to the green part and final part after the sintering process. Using the design of experiments offers the possibility of applying the analysis of variance (ANOVA) which provides information about the degree of influence of each of the studied factors. The results obtained for the dimensional accuracy showed that the ironing direction had the biggest influence on the Z-axis shrinkage. Overall, approximately 6% shrinkage in the Z and Y directions was obtained while in the X directions, the shrinkage percentage was around 20%. Surface roughness showed an improvement with higher ironing speeds for the green part while for the sintered part the most significant factor was ironing spacing.
Improvement in Microbiota Recovery Using Cas-9 Digestion of Mānuka Plastid and Mitochondrial DNA
Authors: Larrouy J. L. , Ridgway H. J. , Dhami M. K. , Jones E. E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUnderstanding host-microbe interactions in planta is an expanding area of research. Amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene is a powerful and common method to study bacterial communities associated with plants. However, the co-amplification of mitochondrial and plastid 16S rRNA genes by universal primers impairs the sensitivity and performance of 16S rRNA sequencing. In 2020, a new method, Cas-16S-seq, was reported in the literature to remove host contamination for profiling the microbiota in rice, a well-studied domestic plant, by engineering RNA-programmable Cas9 nuclease in 16S rRNA sequencing. For the first time, we tested the efficiency and applicability of the Cas-16S-seq method on foliage, flowers, and seed of a non-domesticated wild plant for which there is limited genomic information, Leptospermum scoparium (mānuka). Our study demonstrated the efficiency of the Cas-16S-seq method for L. scoparium in removing host contamination in V4-16S amplicons. An increase of 46% in bacterial sequences was found using six guide RNAs (gRNAs), three gRNAs targeting the mitochondrial sequence, and three gRNAs targeting the chloroplast sequence of L. scoparium in the same reaction. An increase of 72% in bacterial sequences was obtained by targeting the mitochondrial and chloroplast sequences of L. scoparium in the same sample at two different steps of the library preparation (DNA and 1st step PCR). The number of OTUs (operational taxonomic units) retrieved from soil samples was consistent when using the different methods (Cas-16S-seq and 16S-seq) indicating that the Cas-16S-seq implemented for L. scoparium did not introduce bias to microbiota profiling. Our findings provide a valuable tool for future studies investigating the bacterial microbiota of L. scoparium in addition to evaluating an important tool in the plant microbiota research on other non-domesticated wild species.
Exercise testing in patients with tricuspid regurgitation undergoing transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention
Authors: Gerçek Muhammed , Ivannikova Maria , Goncharov Arseniy , Gerçek Mustafa , Mörsdorf Maximilian , Kirchner Johannes , Rudolph Felix , Rudolph Tanja K. , Rudolph Volker , Friedrichs Kai P. , Dumitrescu Daniel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention (TTVI) has shown promising results with persistent reduction of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and improvements in functional class and quality of life (QOL).

Objectives
To analyze the impact of TTVI on maximal and submaximal exercise capacity (SEC).

Methods
Constant work-rate exercise-time (CWRET) testing reflects SEC, which is more likely to be relevant for daily life activities and provides more differentiated physiological insight into the nature of exercise intolerance. Thus, 30 patients undergoing TTVI (21 direct annuloplasty and 9 edge-to-edge repair) received cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and CWRET (at 75% of maximum work rate in the initial CPET) before and 3 months after TTVI.

Results
Patients’ age was 80.5 [74.8–82.3] years and 53.3% were female. TR reduction ≥ 2 grades was achieved in 93.3% (TR grade ≤ moderate in 83.3%). Echocardiography revealed improved right ventricular (RV) characteristics with decreased RV basal diameter (47.0 mm [43.0–54.3] vs. 41.5 mm [36.8–48.0]; p < 0.001) and decreased inferior caval vein diameter. CWRET testing showed a significantly improved SEC (246.5 s [153.8–416.8] vs. 338.5 s [238.8–611.8] p = 0.001). Maximum oxygen uptake showed a positive trend without statistically significant differences (9.9 ml/min/kg [8.6–12.4] vs. 11.7 ml/min/kg [9.7–13.3]; p = 0.31). In contrast to the six-minute-walking distance (6MWD), SEC correlated moderately with effective regurgitation orifice area reduction (r = 0.385; p = 0.036), increased cardiac output (r = 0.378; p = 0.039), and improved QOL (r = 387; p = 0.035).

Conclusion
Improvements in exercise capacity after TTVI mainly occur in the submaximal rather than in the maximal exercise range and correlate with hemodynamic effects and QOL. This may have a methodological impact on assessment of exercise capacity in these patients.

Graphical abstract
Improvements in exercise capacity mainly occur in the submaximal (Constant work-rate exercise-time, CWRET) rather than in the maximal exercise range (maximum oxygen consumption, peak VO2), and correlate with reduction in tricuspid regurgitation, hemodynamic effects and QOL
Macrophages enhance sodium channel expression in cardiomyocytes
Authors: Bogert N. V. , Therre M. , Din S. , Furkel J. , Zhou X. , El-Battrawy I. , Heineke J. , Schweizer P. A. , Akin I. , Katus H. A. , Frey N. , Leuschner F. , Konstandin M. H. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCardiac macrophages facilitate electrical conduction through the atrioventricular-node (AV) in mice. A possible role for cardiomyocyte-macrophage coupling on the effect of antiarrhythmic therapy has not been investigated yet. Holter monitoring was conducted in LysMCrexCsf1rLsL−DTR mice (MMDTR) under baseline conditions and after an elctrophysiological stress test by flecainide. In vivo effects were recapitulated in vitro by patch-clamp experiments. The underlying mechanism was characterized by expression and localization analysis of connexin43 (Cx43) and voltage-gated-sodium-channel-5 (Nav1.5). ECG monitoring in MMDTR mice did not show any significant conduction abnormalities but a significantly attenuated flecainide-induced extension of RR- and PP-intervals. Patch-clamp analysis revealed that the application of flecainide to neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (CMs) changed their resting-membrane-potential (RMP) to more negative potentials and decreased action-potential-duration (APD50). Coupling of macrophages to CMs significantly enhances the effects of flecainide, with a further reduction of the RMP and APD50, mediated by an upregulation of Cx43 and Nav1.5 surface expression. Macrophage depletion in mice does not correlate with cardiac electric conduction delay. Cardiac macrophages amplify the effects of flecainide on electrophysiological properties of cardiomyocytes in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, formation of macrophage-cardiomyocyte cell–cell-contacts via Cx43 facilitates the recruitment of Nav1.5 to the cell membrane increasing flecainide effects.
Comparison of the AO/OTA 1996/2007 and 2018 pelvic ring fracture classifications
Authors: Lindahl Jan , Gänsslen Axel , Madsen Jan Erik , Krappinger Dietmar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPelvic ring fractures may present with relevant mechanical and haemodynamic instability. Classifications of the bony or ligamentous injuries of the pelvic ring are well established. The most common classifications used analyse the injury mechanisms and the resulting instability of the pelvic ring structure. Fracture classifications should be simple and easy to use, comprehensive, and radiographically and anatomically based, resulting in a hierarchical alphanumeric order of types and subtypes and thereby allow adequate treatment decisions based on a high degree of inter- and intraobserver reliability. In 2018 a new AO/OTA pelvic ring fracture and dislocation classification was published that combined the most commonly used “historical” classification schemes, e.g. the Tile/AO classification and the classification according to Young and Burgess. Compared with these older classifications, several relevant changes were integrated in the 2018 edition. The changes between the AO/OTA 1996/2007 and 2018 classifications were analysed in detail. Overall, several problems were identified regarding the type-B pelvic ring injury classification. These changes may result in difficulties in classifying pelvic ring injuries and thereby prevent relevant comparisons between former and future clinical studies on pelvic injuries.Level of Evidence: V.
Some remarks on the history of Ricci’s absolute differential calculus
Authors: Cogliati Alberto 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe article offers a general account of the genesis of the absolute differential calculus (ADC), paying special attention to its links with the history of differential geometry. In relatively recent times, several historians have described the development of the ADC as a direct outgrowth either of the theory of algebraic and differential invariants or as a product of analytical investigations, thus minimizing the role of Riemann’s geometry in the process leading to its discovery. Our principal aim consists in challenging this historiographical tenet and analyzing the intimate connection between the development of Riemannian geometry and the birth of tensor calculus.