bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Athletic identity of individuals participating in Special Olympics as exemplified by swimmers – pilot study
Authors: Wieczorek Marta , Wiliński Wojciech , Sadziak Aleksandra 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Introduction: Special Olympics is an association whose main objective is to organise training and sports competitions for individuals with intellectual disabilities. Each of these individuals manifests certain identification with the sport they do. It is called sports identity and is the subject of interest in this study. The cognitive aim of the study was to determine the intensity which is measured by the level of agreement with the sports identity in the selected group of athletes participating in Special Olympics. In turn, the practical purpose of the work was to indicate the possibilities of applying a modified research tool with regard to individuals with intellectual disabilities and to spread the knowledge about people with intellectual disabilities. Material and methods:The study was conducted on the participants of the 8thLower Silesian Special Olympics Swimming Competition in 2015. A diagnostic poll was applied as a research method and aninterview technique was used. Brewer’s Modified Athletic Identity Measurement Scale was a research tool utilised in the study. Results:Aspects of athletic identity revealed that the majority of Special Olympics participants believed that they were professional athletes and were planning to continue participating in this type of Olympic movement. Their closest friends were also professional athletes. For half of the study participants sport was the most significant part of their life, while a sports failure did not change their disposition. Conclusions:The participants of Special Olympics manifest a high level of athletic identity, which is proven, inter alia, by the fact that sport is one of the most important parts of their lives. For individuals with intellectual disabilities, participation in sports competitions and training sessions organised by Special Olympics is more significant than winning in sports competition
Assessment of knee joint range of motion and the level of pain in patients after arthroscopic ACL reconstruction in the selected physiotherapy model
Authors: Zduński Sebastian , Rongies Witold , Ziółkowski Marcin , Kozieł Tomasz , Kazimierski Piotr , Hałaj Rafał , Sierdziński Janusz 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Introduction: In the majority of cases, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries require specialist surgical and physiotherapeutic treatment. The fact that the patient regains a full range of flexion and extension in the knee joint as well as the reduction or elimination of pain is a significant determinant of successful physiotherapy. Material and methods: The study included 72 randomly selected individuals with a complete ACL tear who were qualified for its surgical reconstruction. The research group included 37 patients aged 18-60 (mean age 37±10.3 years). All the participants from this group underwent physiotherapy based on recognised schemes of rehabilitation and performed for 4 weeks before the reconstruction surgery. The control group included 35 patients aged 18-60 (mean age 34±10.0 years) who did not undergo any presurgical physiotherapy programme. Results: Both in the research group and in the control group, subsequent measurements revealed a statistically significant improvement in the range of flexion and extension (p<0.05). Statistical analysis revealed a significantly better extension 1 week and 6 weeks after the ACL reconstruction (p<0.05) in the research group. Statistically significant differences in the level of pain in patients from both groups were noted in subsequent measurements (p<0.05). Also, a statistically significant difference concerning pain assessment 12 weeks after the reconstruction was noted in the research group (p<0.05). Conclusions: A quicker recovery of the range of extension in the operated knee joint and lower intensity of pain in the final measurement noted in the research group may indicate a certain therapeutic value of presurgical physiotherapy.
Discrepancy of Generalized LS-Sequences
Authors: Iacò Maria Rita , Ziegler Volker 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The LS-sequences are a parametric family of sequences of points in the unit interval. They were introduced by Carbone [4], who also proved that under an appropriate choice of the parameters L and S, such sequences are lowdiscrepancy. The aim of the present paper is to provide explicit constants in the bounds of the discrepancy of LS-sequences. Further, we generalize the construction of Carbone [4] and construct a new class of sequences of points in the unit interval, the generalized LS-sequences.
A Note on the Continued Fraction of Minkowski
Authors: Jager Hendrik 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Denote by Θ1,Θ2, · · · the sequence of approximation coefficients of Minkowski’s diagonal continued fraction expansion of a real irrational number x. For almost all x this is a uniformly distributed sequence in the interval [0, 1/2 ]. The average distance between two consecutive terms of this sequence and their correlation coefficient are explicitly calculated and it is shown why these two values are close to 1/6 and 0, respectively, the corresponding values for a random sequence in [0, 1/2].
Hydrogen bonding in hydroxypyridium salts
Authors: Mironov Andrei V. , Tafeenko Victor A. , Grebenkin Dmitrii Yu. , Oblezov Alexander E. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The crystal structures of 6-methyl-2-ethyl-3-hydroxypyridiniun nitrate (C8H12NO)NO3 (I) and fumarate (C8H12NO)2C4H2O4 (II) were solved and refined from X-ray single crystal diffraction data (CuKα, (I) a=4.6477(2), b=14.5906(9), c=14.5551(8) Å, β=99.100(4)°, space group P21
/c, Z=4, Rp
/Rwp
=0.033/0.047; (II) a=8.8293(3), b=13.4268(5), c=8.3893(3) Å, β=96.303(3)°, space group P21/c, Z=2, Rp
/Rwp=

0.034/0.049). Both structures are built of infinite chains along ac diagonal of the unit cells formed by hydrogen bonding between the hydroxypyridium cation and the corresponding anion. Each fumarate anion is linked to four hydroxypyridium cations while nitrate anion is connected with two hydroxypyridium cations only leaving one oxygen atom in the nitrogen group isolated.
Effect of a 16-Week Combined Strength and Plyometric Training Program Followed by a Detraining Period on Athletic Performance in Pubertal Volleyball Players
Authors: Fathi Abed , Hammami Raouf , Moran Jason , Borji Rihab , Sahli Sonia , Rebai Haithem 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Fathi, A, Hammami, R, Moran, J, Borji, R, Sahli, S, and Rebai, H. Effect of a 16-week combined strength and plyometric training program followed by a detraining period on athletic performance in pubertal volleyball players. J Strength Cond Res 33(8): 2117–2127, 2019—The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 16 weeks of combined strength and plyometric training or plyometric training alone and how a detraining program can modify adaptations in response to the training stimulus. Sixty male volleyball players (circa peak-height-velocity [PHV]: −1 to +1 year from PHV) were assigned to a combined training group (CTG) (n = 20), a plyometric training group (PTG) (n = 20), or a control group (n = 20). The experimental groups (CTG and PTG) participated in training twice weekly for 16 weeks. Thigh muscle volume, body fat, flexibility, sprint, jump height, and medicine ball throw were measured before and after the intervention and after the period of detraining. Respectively, the CTG and PTG showed increases in thigh muscle volume (effect size: 0.71 and 0.42) and decreases in body fat (−0.42 and −0.34), as well as improvements in 5-m sprint (−0.69 and −0.46), 10-m sprint (−0.31 and −0.3), lower-body muscle power (0.44 and 0.36), and upper-body muscle power (1.32 and 0.7). After the detraining period, all groups maintained previously attained muscle power (6.79–9.87%; p < 0.001). In conclusion, combined strength and plyometric training provided better improvements than plyometric training only. The combination of strength and plyometric training is a time-effective training modality that confers improvements in physical performance measures, muscle size, and body fat. A temporary period of detraining may not undermine performance gains in pubertal volleyball players.
Effect of Accommodating Resistance on the Postactivation Potentiation Response in Rugby League Players
Authors: Scott David J. , Ditroilo Massimiliano , Marshall Phil 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Scott, DJ, Ditroilo, M, and Marshall, P. Effect of accommodating resistance on the post-activation potentiation response in rugby league players. J Strength Cond Res 32(9): 2510–2520, 2018—This study examined the postactivation potentiation (PAP) response of 2 conditioning activities (CA), the hex bar deadlift and back squat, combined with accommodating resistance; this adds a percentage of the total resistance during the exercise. Twenty amateur rugby league players performed 2 experimental trials and a control trial without a CA. Participants performed a countermovement jump (CMJ) before and 30, 90, and 180 seconds after 1 set of 3 repetitions of each CA at 70% 1 repetition maximum (RM), with up to an additional 23% 1RM from accommodating resistance. Peak power output (PPO), force at PPO, velocity at PPO, and jump height were calculated for each CMJ. Surface electromyography (EMG) of the vastus lateralis (VL), rectus femoris (BF), tibialis anterior (TA), and gastrocnemius medialis (GM) was also measured. Repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed no significant (p > 0.05) PAP response for either exercise condition when comparing CMJ variables with baseline values nor were there any significant (p > 0.05) differences between exercise conditions. However, individualized recovery intervals (baseline vs. maximum potentiation response) demonstrated significant (p ≤ 0.05) improvements in PPO (3.99 ± 4.99%), force at PPO (4.87 ± 6.41%), velocity at PPO (4.30 ± 5.86%), jump height (8.45 ± 10.08%), VL EMG (20.37 ± 34.48%), BF EMG (22.67 ± 27.98%), TA EMG (21.96 ± 37.76%), and GM EMG (21.89 ± 19.65%). Results from this study must be interpreted with caution; however, it is conceivable that athletic performance can be acutely enhanced when complex training variables are individualized.
Analysis of the Effects of Sex and Age on Upper- and Lower-Body Power for Law Enforcement Agency Recruits Before Academy Training
Authors: Lockie Robert G. , Dawes J. Jay , Orr Robin M. , Stierli Michael , Dulla Joseph M. , Orjalo Ashley J. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Lockie, RG, Dawes, JJ, Orr, RM, Stierli, M, Dulla, JM, and Orjalo, AJ. Analysis of the effects of sex and age on upper- and lower-body power for law enforcement agency recruits before academy training. J Strength Cond Res 32(7): 1968–1974, 2018—Power is an important characteristic for law enforcement officers. Tasks such as carrying or dragging a civilian to safety, jumping or vaulting, and suspect restraint and pursuit require power to be effective. Certain recruits may be lacking in these qualities even if they have been accepted to a law enforcement agency (LEA). This study investigated upper- and lower-body power in male and female LEA recruits, and recruits of different ages, before academy training. Retrospective analysis of recruit data from one LEA was conducted. The measurements were: vertical jump (VJ) height; peak anaerobic power calculated by the Sayers equation; power-to-body mass ratio (P:BM); seated medicine ball throw (MBT) distance; and MBT distance relative to body mass. Independent-sample t-tests were used to compare the sexes, whereas a 1-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc compared the pooled data for recruits across different age groups (20–24; 25–29; 30–34; and 35+ years). The male recruits demonstrated superior performance across all power tests compared with the female recruits (p < 0.001). Regarding age, the 35+ year group performed less than optimally in the VJ and P:BM compared with the 20–24 and 24–29 years groups, and in the relative MBT compared with the 20–24 and 30–34 years groups (p = 0.003–0.037). Despite being accepted to a LEA, female recruits and recruits aged 35+ years of age may be lacking in upper- and lower-body power. Female and older recruits should participate in strength and power training before academy attendance to maintain or enhance these qualities.
Physical Activity and Physiological Profiles of Elite International Female Field Hockey Players Across the Quarters of Competitive Match Play
Authors: McGuinness Aideen , Malone Shane , Hughes Brian , Collins Kieran , Passmore David 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
McGuinness, A, Malone, S, Hughes, B, and Collins, K. Physical activity and physiological profiles of elite international female field hockey players across the quarters of competitive match play. J Strength Cond Res 33(9): 2513–2522, 2019—The aim of the current investigation was to quantify the physical and physiological demands of elite international female field hockey across the quarters of match-play. Twenty-seven elite international female field hockey outfield players (23 ± 3 years; 162.6 ± 13.0 cm; 66.0 ± 6.0 kg) participated in the current observational study during the 2016–2017 season. Participants were monitored using global positioning system technology and HR monitors. Players were categorized based on 3 different playing positions. Activity was categorized into total distance (in meters), relative total distance (m·min−1), low-, moderate-, and high-intensity distance (m), maximum velocity (km·h−1), and percentage maximal velocity (%). Physiological demands were quantified through players peak heart rate (HRPeak), which was classified based on the player's individual HRmax determined using a Yo-Yo intermittent recovery level 1 test. Players spent on average 38 ± 8 minutes in match play. The total distance covered was 4,847 ± 583 m (127.6 ± 15.6 m·min−1). Defenders covered a greater total distance across all 3 positions (p = ≤ 0.05). The midfielders covered a greater moderate-intensity distance (p ≤ 0.001), whereas the forwards covered more high-intensity distance (p ≤ 0.001). The HRpeak of the players was 198 ± 4 b·min−1 with a mean exercise intensity of 95 ± 1% HRmax. The time spent >70% HRmax decreased significantly across the quarters (p = 0.01, η2 = 0.03). Defenders were found to spend more time >85% HRmax when compared with other positions (p ≤ 0.001, η2 = 0.28). The current study provides normative data that coaches should consider when developing training drills to better optimize the positional physical and physiological activity profiles that best replicate match play.
Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm for Economic Statistical Design of the T2 Control Chart with Variable Sample Size: The Updated Markov Chain Approach
Authors: Seif Asghar 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
T 2 control charts are used to primarily monitor the mean vector of quality characteristics of a process. Recent studies have shown that using variable sample size (VSS) schemes results in charts with more statistical power for detecting small to moderate shifts in the process mean vector. In this study, we have presented a multiple-objective economic statistical design of VSS T2 control chart with the adjusted average time to signal (AATS) as the statistical objective and the expected cost per hour as the economic objective. Then, a multi-objective genetic algorithm for economic statistical design is proposed for identifying the Pareto optimal solutions of control chart design. Through an illustrative example, the advantages of the proposed approach are shown by providing a list of viable optimal solutions and graphical representations, which indicate the advantage of flexibility and adaptability of our approach.
Experimental Investigations on Welding and Mechanical Characteristics of Sintered-Forged Plain Carbon Steel under Autogenous TIG Welding
Authors: Kandavel T. K. , Vijay D. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The present research work embraces the experimental studies on mechanical and metallurgical properties of powder metallurgy (P/M) plain carbon steel (Fe-0.5 %C) welded autogenously with various modes of current, namely, alternate current, direct current, mixed mode current, and pulse current (PC) using autogenous Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding. The sintered specimens of rectangular shape synthesized through the P/M route were densified by cold upsetting to obtain maximum density. A pair of specimens were welded, and the weld quality was checked by standard nondestructive testing methods. Various mechanical tests were conducted using standard size specimens as per the ASTM standards. It is found from the results of various mechanical tests that the welded joint made by PC TIG welding exhibits the greatest tensile and impact strengths among the other modes of welded joint. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) fractography of the tensile fractured surfaces reveal the brittle mode of fracture irrespective of the mode of welding currents, which are being used for joining the specimens. Optical microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses have been carried out to investigate microstructural changes and phase transformation of chemical constituents at the welded region. The hardness at the fusion zone is found to be higher because of pore-free microstructure.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Reference Values for Young Infants Undergoing Lumbar Puncture
Authors: Thomson Joanna , Sucharew Heidi , Cruz Andrea T. , Nigrovic Lise E. , Freedman Stephen B. , Garro Aris C. , Balamuth Fran , Mistry Rakesh D. , Arms Joseph L. , Ishimine Paul T. , Kulik Dina M. , Neuman Mark I. , Shah Samir S. ,   for the Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee (PEM CRC) HSV Study Group
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVES:
To determine age-specific reference values and quantify age-related changes for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white blood cell (WBC) counts and protein and glucose concentrations in infants ≤60 days of age.

METHODS:
This multicenter, cross-sectional study included infants ≤60 days old with CSF cultures and complete CSF profiles obtained within 24 hours of presentation. Those with conditions suspected or known to cause abnormal CSF parameters (eg, meningitis) and those with a hospital length of stay of &gt;72 hours were excluded. Reference standards were determined for infants ≤28 days of age and 29 to 60 days of age by using the third quartile +1.5 interquartile range for WBC and protein and the first quartile −1.5 interquartile range for glucose. CSF parameter centile curves based on age were calculated by using the LMST method.

RESULTS:
A total of 7766 patients were included. CSF WBC counts were higher in infants ≤28 days of age (upper bound: 15 cells/mm3) than in infants 29 to 60 days of age (upper bound: 9 cells/mm3; P &lt; .001). CSF protein concentrations were higher in infants ≤28 days of age (upper bound: 127 mg/dL) than in infants 29 to 60 days of age (upper bound: 99 mg/dL; P &lt; .001). CSF glucose concentrations were lower in infants ≤28 days of age (lower bound: 25 mg/dL) than in infants 29 to 60 days of age (lower bound: 27 mg/dL; P &lt; .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
The age-specific CSF WBC count, protein concentration, and glucose concentration reference values identified in this large, multicenter cohort of infants can be used to interpret the results of lumbar puncture in infants ≤60 days of age.
Nienaruszalność unijnego systemu wartości jako żywotny interes Unii Europejskiej – krytyczna analiza mechanizmu egzekucji postanowień art. 2 Traktatu o Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Prostak Rafał 
Published: February 2018

The inviolability of the European Union’s values is of vital interest to the Union. The list of these values is laid down in article 2 of TEU, while Article 7 lays down the mechanism of their enforcement. The terms and conditions for using Article 7, and anxieties about possible outcomes, have led this article to be dubbed the nuclear option. Its nature prompted the European Commission (EC) to adopt a more practical tool – the New Framework to Strengthen the Rule of Law (2014). Responding to the prolonged constitutional crisis in Poland, the EC has now for the first time invoked its framework to evaluate the conditions of rule of law in a particular Member State.This article presents a critical analysis of the mechanism enabled by Article 7 and the tool created by the EC. The analysis proves that Union’s instruments established to enforce respect for its values are ineffective, which limits its ability to properly respond to the violation of these values and effectively secure the vital interests of the European Union as well.
A Drug Utilisation Study of Antihyperglycaemic Agents in a Rural Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: CDM Naidu , A Vardhan , MA Bankar , S Sharma , VS Raghuvanshi , S Reddy 
Published: February 2018

<p><strong>Background</strong>: Diabetes mellitus is an emerging non communicable, life style disease. The aim was to evaluate the drug utilization pattern of anti-diabetic drugs in diabetic outpatients and monitor the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with anti-diabetic therapy.</p><p><strong>Materials and</strong> <strong>methods</strong>: A prospective observational study was carried out in adult diabetic patients from the Department of General Medicine of a rural tertiary care hospital in October 2013- December 2014 after obtaining written informed consent from the patient and approval from institutional ethics committee. Demographic data, drug utilization pattern, cost of the antidiabetic drugs along with defined daily dose was calculated. ADRs due to anti-diabetic drugs were summarized.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: A total of 450 patients were enrolled in the study of which there was male preponderance and majority belong to geriatric age. The most common comorbidity was hypertension. Insulin was most commonly prescribed drug during hospital stay and metformin at the time of discharge. Of the combination therapy dual therapy of metformin and glimipiride was most preferred. The total antihyperglycaemic drug consumption was 15.65 DDD/100 bed days. 67 ADR were reported of which the most common was hypoglycaemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: The study showed insulin and metformin were the most commonly used drugs. The prescribing trend also appears to be moving towards combination therapy particularly two drug therapies. The most commonly reported ADR was hypoglycaemia.</p>
Çinko ve Mikoriza Uygulamalarının Pamukta Besin Elementi İçeriği Verim ve Kalite Özelliklerine Etkisi
Authors: CEYLAN Şafak , MORDOĞAN Nilgün , ÇAKICI Hakan 
Published: February 2018

&nbsp;

Bu çalışma, çinko uygulamaları (0, 25,
50, 75 kg ha-1) ve mikoriza (Glomus mosseae) aşılamasının
pamuk bitkisinin besin elementi alınımı ile verim ve bazı kalite özellikleri
üzerine etkisini araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Deneme tesadüf blokları
deneme desenine göre tarla koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Mikoriza uygulanmış
bitkilerin beslenme durumu kontrol bitkilere göre daha iyi durumda bulunmuştur.
Özellikle mikoriza aşılaması pamuk yapraklarının N, P, K, Zn, Cu; çinko
uygulamaları ise N, P, K, Zn içeriğini artırmıştır. Verim ve önemli bir
erkencilik kriteri olan birinci el kütlü oranı uygulamalardan önemli olarak etkilenmiş
olup 50 kg ha-1, Zn ve mikoriza uygulanmış parsellerde en yüksek
değere ulaşmıştır. Pamuk kalite özelliklerinden lif dayanıklılığı Zn
uygulamaları ile değişim göstermiştir. En yüksek Zn dozunda lif dayanıklılığı
en yüksek değere ulaşmıştır.