bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia on brain and retina
Authors: Poon Annie Wing Hoi , Ma Emilie Xiao Hang , Vadivel Arul , Jung Suna , Khoja Zehra , Stephens Laurel , Thébaud Bernard , Wintermark Pia 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
Many premature newborns develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease resulting from prolonged mechanical ventilation and hyperoxia. BPD survivors typically suffer long-term injuries not only to the lungs, but also to the brain and retina. However, currently it is not clear whether the brain and retinal injuries in these newborns are related only to their prematurity, or also to BPD. We investigated whether the hyperoxia known to cause histologic changes in the lungs similar to BPD in an animal model also causes brain and retinal injuries. Sprague Dawley rat pups were exposed to hyperoxia (95% O2, ‘BPD’ group) or room air (21% O2, ‘control’ group) from postnatal day 4–14 (P4–14); the rat pups were housed in room air between P14 and P28. At P28, they were sacrificed, and their lungs, brain, and eyes were extracted. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed on lung and brain sections; retinas were stained with Toluidine Blue. Hyperoxia exposure resulted in an increased mean linear intercept in the lungs (P&lt;0.0001). This increase was associated with a decrease in some brain structures [especially the whole-brain surface (P=0.02)], as well as a decrease in the thickness of the retinal layers [especially the total retina (P=0.0008)], compared to the room air control group. In addition, a significant negative relationship was observed between the lung structures and the brain (r=−0.49, P=0.02) and retina (r=−0.70, P=0.0008) structures. In conclusion, hyperoxia exposure impaired lung, brain, and retina structures. More severe lung injuries correlated with more severe brain and retinal injuries. This result suggests that the same animal model of chronic neonatal hyperoxia can be used to simultaneously study lung, brain and retinal injuries related to hyperoxia.
Induction of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in human abdominal aortic aneurysm: therapeutic potential of HDAC inhibitors
Authors: Galán María , Varona Saray , Orriols Mar , Rodríguez José Antonio , Aguiló Silvia , Dilmé Jaume , Camacho Mercedes , Martínez-González José , Rodriguez Cristina 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
Clinical management of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is currently limited to elective surgical repair because an effective pharmacotherapy is still awaited. Inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity could be a promising therapeutic option in cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to characterise HDAC expression in human AAA and to evaluate the therapeutic potential of class I and IIa HDAC inhibitors in the AAA model of angiotensin II (Ang II)-infused apolipoprotein-E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice. Real-time PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry evidenced an increased expression of HDACs 1, 2 (both class I), 4 and 7 (both class IIa) in abdominal aorta samples from patients undergoing AAA open repair (n=22) compared with those from donors (n=14). Aortic aneurysms from Ang-II-infused ApoE−/− mice exhibited a similar HDAC expression profile. In these animals, treatment with a class I HDAC inhibitor (MS-275) or a class IIa inhibitor (MC-1568) improved survival, reduced the incidence and severity of AAA and limited aneurysmal expansion evaluated by Doppler ultrasonography. These beneficial effects were more potent in MC-1568-treated mice. The disorganisation of elastin and collagen fibres and lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration were effectively reduced by both inhibitors. Additionally, HDAC inhibition attenuated the exacerbated expression of pro-inflammatory markers and the increase in metalloproteinase-2 and -9 activity induced by Ang II in this model. Therefore, our data evidence that HDAC expression is deregulated in human AAA and that class-selective HDAC inhibitors limit aneurysm expansion in an AAA mouse model. New-generation HDAC inhibitors represent a promising therapeutic approach to overcome human aneurysm progression.
Epileptogenesis in neurocutaneous disorders with focus in Sturge Weber syndrome
Authors: Pinto Anna , Sahin Mustafa , Pearl Phillip L. 
Published: March 2016

Epilepsy is a major morbidity in Sturge Weber syndrome, a segmental vascular neurocutaneous disorder classically associated with facial angiomas, glaucoma, and leptomeningeal capillary-venous type vascular malformations. The extent of the latter correlates with neurological outcome. Post-zygotic mosaicism for the activating mutation p.R183Q of the GNAQ gene has been identified as the major cause. GNAQ encodes for an alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G protein critical to blood vessel development. The earlier the timing of the mutation in development, the more severe the involvement, e.g. from isolated port-wine stains to the full syndrome. The strongest predictors of adverse outcomes are MRI and the presence of angiomas involving any part of the forehead, delineated inferiorly from the outer canthus of the eye to the top of the ear, and including the upper eyelid. The neurological course may be progressive and the typical constellation of symptoms is focal onset seizures, hemiparesis, headache, stroke-like episodes, behavior problems, intellectual disability, and visual field deficits. Antiseizure medications are effective in about half of patients. The presence of localized seizures, focal neurological deficits, and drug resistant epilepsy indicate epilepsy surgical evaluation. Earlier seizure onset, i.e. before six months of age, is associated with a more severe course with significant residual deficits. Factors contributing to epileptogenesis include decreased brain tissue perfusion due to abnormal venous drainage, anoxic injury contributing to cerebral calcification, breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, and the presence of developmental cortical malformations. Pre-symptomatic prophylactic treatment may be a future option to modify the course of the disease including the associated epileptogenesis.
On Implementation of the Model for Integrating a Foreign Language and Subject Content in the Educational Process of a Technical University
Authors: ����������  , Grigoreva K. 
Published: March 2016

The paper reports on how to develop the model for integration of a foreign language teaching course and the professional subject content, and further,
on how to embed this didactic model in the educational process of a technical university. The conceptual framework is based on the principle of Content
and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) and J. Cummins� theory of Language and Cognition. The model was developed based on the �Professional
English� teaching course, designed for students majoring in the �Technical exploitation of transport radio equipment� specialty. To test the model effi -
ciency, the teaching experiment was held in 2012-2015 at the Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev. The results of the
experiment are also presented and analyzed in the paper.
Sparse Process Flexibility Designs: Is the Long Chain Really Optimal?
Authors: Désir Antoine , Goyal Vineet , Wei Yehua , Zhang Jiawei 
Published: March 2016

Sparse process flexibility and the long chain have become important concepts in design flexible manufacturing systems. In this paper, we study the performance of the long chain in comparison to all designs with at most 2n edges over n supply and n demand nodes. We show that, surprisingly, long chain is not always optimal in this class of networks even for i.i.d. demand distributions. In particular, we present a family of instances where a disconnected network with 2n edges has a strictly better performance than the long chain under a specific class of i.i.d. demand distributions. This is quite surprising and contrary to the intuition that a connected design performs better than a disconnected one under exchangeable distributions. Although our family of examples disprove the optimality of the long chain in general, we observe that the empirical performance of the long chain is nearly optimal. To further understand the effectiveness of the long chain, we compare its performance to connected designs with at most 2n arcs. We show that the long chain is optimal in this class of designs for exchangeable demand distributions. Our proof is based on a coupling argument and a combinatorial analysis of the structure of maximum flow in directed networks. The analysis provides useful insights towards not just understanding the optimality of long chain but also toward designing more general sparse flexibility networks.
Kant on Idealism, Freedom, and Standpoints
Authors: Kohl Markus 
Published: March 2016

Abstract:I propose a new way of understanding Kant’s doctrine of freedom. My reading seeks to combine features of two popular opposed lines of interpretation, namely, of metaphysical and anti-metaphysical readings. I defend the view that Kant’s idealist attempt to ‘save’ human freedom involves substantive metaphysical commitments. However, I show that this interpretation can fruitfully integrate important insights that are standardly associated with deflationary readings: first, the idea that for Kant freedom and natural necessity can be ascribed to one and the same human being; and second, the idea that for Kant the belief in freedom and the belief in natural necessity belong to two different standpoints.
Beyond Assimilation and Integration: The Shift to ‘National’ and ‘Transnational’ Inclusion
Authors: Houtkamp Christopher 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
One of the key concepts of the MIME (Mobility and Inclusion in Multilingual Europe) project is, obviously, ‘inclusion’. However, precisely describing what the concept means is not as straightforward as it may seem. It has been used in different contexts in scientific literature. This paper attempts to contribute to the enfolding MIME-framework by critically reflecting upon the definition of ‘inclusion’. Drawing upon theories of acculturation, three core concepts in minority literature, namely ‘assimilation,’ ‘integration,’ and ‘inclusion’ will be examined, and their differences demarcated. In the light of recent developments, such as transnationalism, it will be determined which concept is best suited to analyse contemporary accommodation processes of minorities in their countries of residence. After examining the trade-off between mobility and inclusion, a central topic in all MIMErelated research, some general conclusions about ‘inclusion’ and diversitymanagement will be drawn.
A differential-geometric approach to
deformations of pairs (X, E)
Authors: Chan Kwokwai , Suen Yat-Hin 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
This article gives an exposition of the deformation theory for pairs (X, E), where X is a compact
complex manifold and E is a holomorphic vector bundle over X, adapting an analytic viewpoint `a la Kodaira-
Spencer. By introducing and exploiting an auxiliary differential operator, we derive the Maurer–Cartan equation
and differential graded Lie algebra (DGLA) governing the deformation problem, and express them in
terms of differential-geometric notions such as the connection and curvature of E, obtaining a chain level
refinement of the classical results that the tangent space and obstruction space of the moduli problem are
respectively given by the first and second cohomology groups of the Atiyah extension of E over X. As an application,
we give examples where deformations of pairs are unobstructed.
Prediction of tensile strength in iron-contaminated archaeological wood by FT-IR spectroscopy – a study of degradation in recent oak andVasaoak
Authors: Almkvist Gunnar , Norbakhsh Shahin , Bjurhager Ingela , Varmuza Kurt 
Published: March 2016

AbstractOak from the Swedish warshipVasaand recent oak that was aged after impregnation with iron(II) chloride has been analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy and submitted to tensile strength testing. The aim was to investigate correlations between FT-IR bands in the fingerprint region, chemical degradation, and tensile strength in iron contaminated oak. The concentration of carboxylic functions increased and the acetyl groups in the hemicellulose fraction were decreasing as a function of degradation time. These changes are accompanied by reduced tensile strength and elevated content of oxalic acid (OA) in bothVasawood and the impregnated recent oak samples. To evaluate the possibility to predict tensile strength from spectral data, chemometric modeling by partial least-squares (PLS) regression was applied. The strategy of repeated double cross validation (rdCV) allowed a realistic prediction of tensile strength. Overall, chemical changes and mechanical performances of iron contaminated wood are strongly correlated and thus FT-IR spectroscopy is suited to predict the strength properties of the degraded wood.
An Improved Low-Reynolds-Number k – ϵ Model for Aerodynamic Flows
Authors: Zhang Yang , Bai Jun-Qiang , Xu Jing-Lei , Han Xing-Si , Wang Peng 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
A low-Reynolds-number k – ∈ model based on a new turbulent structure parameter

a

1
_

N
C

=
−

u

′

v

′

‾

/

u

′

v

′

‾

k

k

${a_{1\_{\rm{NC}}}}\left({= - \left| {{{\overline {u^' v^'}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\overline {u^' v^'}} k}} \right.} k}} \right|} \right)$

and a recalibrated wall-damping function (WDF)

f
μ

${f_\mu}$

is proposed and evaluated. In order to account for the effect of variation of Reynolds number on maximum value of the WDF, a ratio between two different turbulent Reynolds numbers is involved in the WDF. In addition, instead of using a constant ratio between Reynolds shear stress and turbulent kinetic energy, e. g. a
1 = 0.31, the new turbulent structure parameter a
1_NC is proposed based on several sets of direct numerical simulation (DNS) data. The deduction of near-wall asymptotic behavior is performed to prove that the new proposed model can yield a correct wall value for turbulent viscosity. The new model is validated with several well-documented flow cases, and the yielding results are in good agreement with experimental data. Moreover, three frequently used turbulence models are also involved into the comparisons and the results indicate that the new model offers remarkable improvement on the nonequilibrium flows, e. g. separated and adverse pressure gradient flows.
Kant’s Political Philosophy as a Theory of Non-Ideal Normativity
Authors: Horn Christoph 
Published: March 2016

Abstract:Kant’s political philosophy confronts its interpreters with a crucial difficulty: it is far from clear if (or how) Kant, in his political theory, makes use of the Categorical Imperative (CI). It is notoriously demanding to clarify the relationship that exists between his political thought on the one hand and the ethics of the
Influence of Metabolic Cage on Wistar Rat Physiological State
Authors: Zymantiene Judita , Zelvyte Rasa , Oberauskas Vaidas , Spancerniene Ugne 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of metabolic cage housing on the Wistar rat physiological state and to analyze the correlation between the minerals in blood and urine. Thirty male rats were used in the experiment. Fifteen rats (control group) were housed individually in standard polycarbonate cages and fifteen rats (experimental group) in metabolic cages (Techniplast, Italy) for two weeks. Body weight, respiration rate, water and food consumptions were recorded for each animal at the beginning of the experiment. The same parameters, as well as blood and urine parameters of control and experimental animals were recorded during the experiment after 72 h, 168 h and 336 h of housing in standard cages and metabolic cages. Urine collection was measured only in the experimental group. Rats weight decreased from 3.84 % to 18.59 % (P<0.05), respiration rate from 18.65 % to 24.59 % (P<0.05) when rats were housed in metabolic cages. Consumption of food and water by the rat depended on how long the animal was kept in metabolic cage. Glucose concentration increased on average by 15.37 %, WBC count decreased by 5.83 % in the blood of rats housed in metabolic cages compared to the animals housed in standard cages. We did not observe significant changes of triglycerides concentration, red blood cells count and total protein between all rats. The positive moderate correlation of rat housing in a metabolic cage was between K blood and K urine, P blood and P urine, Na blood and K blood, between Na urine and P urine and significant negative moderate correlation was determined between K urine and P urine. These present study findings indicate that metabolism cage housing significantly affects rat’s physiological parameters and potentially may influence animal health and wellbeing.
The Prevalence of Pasteurella Multocida from Farm Pigs in Serbia
Authors: Radanovic Oliver , Zutic Jadranka , Jakic-Dimic Dobrila , Kureljusic Branislav , Savic Bozidar 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The investigations covered a total of 234 lungs from necropsied pigs with different pneumonic lesions, from 6 farrow-to-finish pig farms during 2013 and 2014. The samples were inoculated on selective culture media and aerobically incubated at 37°C and in carbon dioxide condition. The isolated bacterial colonies were further characterised morphologically and biochemically. The identification was confirmed using the BBL Crystal, E/N, G/P ID Kit (Becton Dickinson). For determination of the type of Pasteurella multocida, the PCR method was used. The findings showed that bacteria were isolated from 202 (86%) out of 234 examined lung samples. The pure isolates of Pasteurella multocida were obtained from 71 (35 %) samples. Out of the remaining 29 (14%) examined lung samples, 9, 8, 7 and 5 examined lung samples were shown as mixed cultures of Pasteurella multocida and Streptococcus spp., Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Haemophilus parasuis, respectively. The PCR method confirmed that all 15 investigated strains of P. multocida belong to type A.
Cardiotoxicity Study of the Aqueous Extract of Corn Silk in Rats
Authors: Adedapo Adeolu , Babarinsa Omotayo , Oyagbemi Ademola , Adedapo Aduragbenro , Omobowale Temidayo 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In the ear of corn there are silky strands which run its length and these strands are known as corn silks. Folk remedies show that the corn silks have been used as an oral antidiabetic agent in China for many years and as herbal tea in other world nations for the amelioration of urinary tract infection. The extract is being assessed for safety in this study using histopathological changes, as well as an electrocardiogram (ECG). Graded doses (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg) of aqueous CS extract were administered to rats for seven days. The fourth group which served as control received 3 ml/kg dose of distilled water. On the eighth day, ECG was evaluated in ketamine/xylazine-induced anaesthesia in rats to determine changes in the heart rate, P-wave duration, P-R interval, R-amplitude, QRS duration, QT interval and QTc. Hearts from the experimental animals were collected for histopathological changes. The results showed that there was a significant change in the heart rate (groups B and C), P-wave duration (group D), QT interval (groups B, C and D) and QTc (groups B, C and D) when compared to the control group. Histology also indicated that sections of the heart showed fatty infiltration of inflamed heart and areas of moderate inflammation of the atrium and ventricle. It could therefore be concluded from this study that though folklore indicated that corn silk (CS) is of high medicinal value, one must be careful in using this product as medicinal agent especially in patients with compromised heart conditions.
Effcient and Effective Automated Digital Hair
Removal from Dermoscopy Images
Authors: Koehoorn Joost , Sobiecki André , Rauber Paulo , Jalba Andrei , Telea Alexandru 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
We propose a method for digital hair removal from dermoscopic images, based on a threshold-set
model. For every threshold, we adapt a recent gap-detection algorithm to find hairs, and merge results in a
single mask image.We find hairs in this mask by combining morphological filters and medial descriptors.We
derive robust parameter values for our method from over 300 skin images.We detail a GPU implementation of
our method and show how it compares favorably with five existing hair removal methods, in terms of removing
both long and stubble hair of various colors, contrasts, and curvature. We also discuss qualitative and
quantitative validations of the produced hair-free images, and show how our method effectively addresses
the task of automatic skin-tumor segmentation for hair-occluded images.
Catalytic activity of Pd-Ni in the oxidation of hydrogen for the safety of nuclear power plant
Authors: Łomot Dariusz , Karpiński Zbigniew 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Pd-Ni/Al2O3 systems were investigated in the reaction of hydrogen oxidation in terms of their possible application as catalysts used in passive autocatalytic recombiners (PARs) used in nuclear power plants. Testing experiments were carried out in a flowing system at different temperatures and humidity of the reaction mixture. The bimetallic catalysts exhibited higher response to the increase of temperature and higher resistance to inhibit water than the monometallic palladium catalyst. They showed excellent stability during a few tens of hours, similarly, like their monometallic counterpart. Our bimetallic catalysts of hydrogen oxidation can be used as cheaper alternatives to catalysts based on the precious metals in the hydrogen oxidation without loss of their activity over time.
Application of pyrolysis process in processing of mixed food wastes
Authors: Grycová Barbora , Koutník Ivan , Pryszcz Adrian , Kaloč Miroslav 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The food industry produces large amounts of solid and also liquid wastes. Different waste materials and their mixtures were pyrolysed in the laboratory pyrolysis unit to a final temperature of 800°C with a 10 minute delay at the final temperature. After the pyrolysis process of the selected wastes a mass balance of the resulting products, off-line analysis of the pyrolysis gas and evaluation of solid and liquid products were carried out. The highest concentration of methane, hydrogen and carbon monoxide were analyzed during the 4th gas sampling at a temperature of approx. 720–780°C. The concentration of hydrogen was measured in the range from 22 to 40 vol.%. The resulting iodine numbers of samples CHFO, DS, DSFW reach values that indicate the possibility of using them to produce the so-called “disposable sorbents” in wastewater treatment. The WC condensate can be directed to further processing and upgrading for energy use.
Study of compounds emitted during thermo-oxidative decomposition of polyester fabrics
Authors: Dzięcioł Małgorzata , Huzar Elżbieta 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Compounds emitted during thermo-oxidative decomposition of three commercial polyester fabrics for indoor outfit and decorations (upholstery, curtains) were studied. The experiments were carried out in a flow tubular furnace at 600°C in an air atmosphere. During decomposition process the complex mixtures of volatile and solid compounds were emitted. The main volatile products were carbon oxides, benzene, acetaldehyde, vinyl benzoate and acetophe-none. The emitted solid compounds consisted mainly of aromatic carboxylic acids and its derivatives, among which the greatest part took terephthalic acid, monovinyl terephthalate and benzoic acid. The small amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were also emitted. The emission profiles of the tested polyester fabrics were similar. The presence of toxic compounds indicates the possibility of serious hazard for people during fire.