bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell-autonomous stress responses in innate immunity
Authors: Moretti Julien , Blander J Magarian 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The innate immune response of phagocytes to microbes has long been known to depend on the core signaling cascades downstream of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which lead to expression and production of inflammatory cytokines that counteract infection and induce adaptive immunity. Cell-autonomous responses have recently emerged as important mechanisms of innate immunity. Either IFN-inducible or constitutive, these processes aim to guarantee cell homeostasis but have also been shown to modulate innate immune response to microbes and production of inflammatory cytokines. Among these constitutive cell-autonomous responses, autophagy is prominent and its role in innate immunity has been well characterized. Other stress responses, such as metabolic stress, the ER stress/unfolded protein response, mitochondrial stress, or the DNA damage response, seem to also be involved in innate immunity, although the precise mechanisms by which they regulate the innate immune response are not yet defined. Of importance, these distinct constitutive cell-autonomous responses appear to be interconnected and can also be modulated by microbes and PRRs, which add further complexity to the interplay between innate immune signaling and cell-autonomous responses in the mediation of an efficient innate immune response.
Dynamic interactions between dermal macrophages and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Feuerstein Reinhild , Kolter Julia , Henneke Philipp 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The dermis, a major reservoir of immune cells in immediate vicinity to the colonizing skin microflora, serves as an important site of host-pathogen interactions. Macrophages (Mϕ) are the most frequent resident immune cell type in the dermis. They protect the host from invasive infections by highly adapted bacteria, such as staphylococci via pattern recognition of bacterial effectors, phagocytosis, and recruitment of other myeloid cells from the blood. Already under homeostatic conditions, the dermal Mϕ population receives a dynamic input of monocytes invading from the bloodstream. This quantitative renewal is promoted further at the beginning of life, when prenatally seeded cells are rapidly replaced and in healing phases after injuries or infections. Here, we discuss the potential implications of the dynamic dermal Mϕ biology on the establishment and maintenance of immunity against Staphylococcus aureus, which can either be a harmless colonizer or an invasive pathogen. The understanding of the heterogeneity of the “mature” dermal Mϕ compartment driven both by the influx of differentiating monocytes and by a bone marrow-independent Mϕ persistence and expansion may help to explain failing immunity and immunopathology originating from the skin, the important interface between host and environment.
Synovial IL-21/TNF-producing CD4+ T cells induce joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis by inducing matrix metalloproteinase production by fibroblast-like synoviocytes
Authors: Lebre Maria C , Vieira Pedro L , Tang Man Wai , Aarrass Saïda , Helder Boy , Newsom-Davis Thomas , Tak Paul P , Screaton Gavin R 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Bone and cartilage destruction is one of the key manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although the role of T helper (Th)17 cells in these processes is clear, the role of IL-21–producing cells T cells has been neglected. We sought to investigate the role of IL-21 in RA by focusing on the functional characteristics of the main producers of this cytokine, synovial CD4+IL-21+ T cells. We show that the frequency of both synovial fluid (SF) CD4+IL-21+ or CD4+IL-21+TNF+ T cells in patients with RA was significantly higher compared with patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The frequency of peripheral blood (PB) IL-21+CD4+ T cells in patients with RA positively correlated with disease activity score 28 (DAS28), serum anticyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies and IgM-rheumatoid factor (IgM-RF). IL-21 levels in RA SF were associated with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-3. Related to this, IL-21 induced significantly the secretion of MMP-1 and MMP-3 in RA synovial biopsies. Sorted SF CD4+IL-21+ T cells significantly induced the release of MMP-1 and MMP-3 by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) compared with medium or CD4+IL-21− T cells in a coculture system. Neutralization of both IL-21 and TNF resulted in significantly less production of MMP by FLS. The results of this study indicate a new role for synovial CD4+IL-21+TNF+ T cells in promoting synovial inflammation/joint destruction in patients with RA. Importantly, IL-21 blockade in combination with anti-TNF might be an effective therapy in patients with RA by inhibiting MMP-induced inflammation/joint destruction.
Massive ear keloids: Natural history, evaluation of risk factors and recommendation for preventive measures – A retrospective case series
Authors: Tirgan Michael 
Published: October 2016

Keloid disorder (KD) is an inherited wound healing ailment, frequently seen among Africans /African Americans and Asians. Genetics of this disorder continues to be obscure and poorly understood. Clinical manifestation of KD is quite variable and very diverse, spanning from individuals with one or very few small keloidal lesions, to those with numerous and very large lesions covering large portion of their skin. Ears are common locations for development of keloids. Ear piercing is by far the leading triggering factor for ear keloid formation in genetically predisposed individuals. Although there are numerous publications about ear and earlobe keloids, there is a void in medical literature about massive ear keloids. This paper focuses on the natural history of massive ear keloids and risk factors that lead to formation of these life-changing and debilitating tumors and recommendations for prevention.
Anticipated Regret and Product Innovation
Authors: Jiang Baojun , Narasimhan Chakravarthi , Turut Özge 
Published: October 2016

When a firm introduces a product with new features, some consumers may find it difficult to assess their valuations for these new attributes. Their purchase decisions made under such uncertainty may lead to postpurchase regret. It has been experimentally shown that consumers may anticipate their potential postpurchase regret and make their current choices to mitigate or minimize it. That is, a consumer’s anticipated regret can significantly impact his purchase decision. Given the trend that firms in various markets invoke regret to stimulate sales, this paper analytically explores whether and how anticipated regret affects competing firms’ profits and product innovation. Our analyses reveal that the presence of anticipated regret can increase or decrease firms’ profits, and foster or hinder product innovation depending on whether it makes the consumer segments more or less polarized; in other words, anticipated regret has a nonmonotonic effect on firms’ profits and the entrant’s optimal quality. Therefore, anticipated regret may sometimes create a win-win or a lose-lose situation for both firms. Regardless of whether the impact of anticipated regret on firms’ profits is positive or negative, the magnitude of that impact tends to be higher for the low-quality firm. This paper was accepted by J. Miguel Villas-Boas, marketing.
The Attentive Creator of Contemporary Rituals
Authors: Tomažin Irena 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In her book Conversations with Meredith Monk, Bonnie Marranca publishes four conversations that occurred between 2008 and 2013, that is, in Monk’s mature period of creation, hence affording the artist occasion to reflect on her past work. Among other things, she affirms that her relationship to her work is informed by her practice of Buddhism. She refers to directorial method of “weaving” together the different media she uses when constructing her stage works, allowing her to connect the different worlds contained within different media and in so doing experience herself as an integrated being. She describes the creation of a work as the search for something fundamental, understanding each work as its own world, which she listens to and whose laws she searches for in an uninterrupted dialogue with the work as the subject. For her, the stage is a holy space, a space for ritual between performers and audience, in which an important role is played by shared time, unrepeatable and transient. The conversations with Monk reveal how her creative process heeds the internal desires of the creation and simultaneously ignores the instructions of established aesthetic guidelines.
Become the Ideal Cultural Worker in 86 Steps – A Handbook
Authors: Arhar Nika , Brezavšček Pia , Čičigoj Katja , Rakef Saška , Založnik Jasmina 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Be a revolutionary. Demand the impossible. Be transgressive and provocative. Always do one more thing than you can do. Always do more than you can. Always do more… a handbook that will tell you, in 86 steps, how to become a model self-employed cultural worker in late capitalism.
Change of Multiple-Layered Phospholipid Vesicles Produced by Electrostatic Deposition of Polymers during Storage
Authors: Chun Ji-Yeon , Weiss Jochen , Gibis Monika , Choi Mi-Jung , Hong Geun-Pyo 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In this study, 1 wt% lecithin (–), chitosan (+), and λ-carrageenan (–) were prepared to manufacture multiple-layered liposomes with optimal formulations developed in a previous study by using layer-by-layer electrostatic deposition. We observed their particle size, ζ-potential, sedimentation behavior, and microstructure for 6 weeks. Multiple-layered liposomes were quenched with calcein to evaluate stability in terms of factors such as encapsulation efficiency and released amount of calcein. The particle size of multi-layered liposomes increased with storage periods and the ζ-potential of multiple-layered liposomes gained a neutral charge. Interestingly, negatively charged layered liposomes were smaller than positively charged layered liposomes and showed a lower polydispersity index. Moreover, the ζ-potential did not apparently change compared to positively charged layered liposomes. For the calcein release study, multiple-layered liposomes significantly sustained quenched calcein more than that observed using non-layered liposomes. This study showed that it was possible to increase the thickness of the liposome surface and to manipulate its charge using chitosan and λ-carrageenan through electrostatic deposition. Results showed that manufacturing negatively charged multiple-layer (over 4-layer) liposomes with charged biopolymer improved the physicochemical stability of liposomes.
Transformative Poetry. A Case Study of W. H. Auden’s Musée Des Beaux Arts and General Conclusions
Authors: Sarot Marcel 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This article situates Auden’s poem Musée des Beaux Arts in the process of his conversion to Christianity. The author argues for the layered intertextuality of the poem, in which allusions to Bruegel’s Landscape with the Fall of Icarus, The Census at Jerusalem, and The Massacre of the Innocents can be recognised. Moreover, Philippe de Champaigne’s Presentation in the Temple and Peter Paul Rubens’s The Martyrdom of St Livinus (in the same museum in Brussels) seem also to have influenced the poem. Finally, there is reason to suppose that John Singer Sargent’s Crashed Aeroplane influenced Auden. In an analysis of the structure of the poem, the author argues that there is a clear structure hidden under the surface of day-to-day language. He connects this hidden structure with Auden’s poem The Hidden Law, and suggests that Auden wished to claim that even though we cannot understand suffering, it has a hidden meaning known only to God. This hidden meaning connects our suffering with the self-emptying of Christ, a connection which the author demonstrates is in fact also made in Musée des Beaux Arts.
Simultaneous ammonium and nitrate removal by a modified intermittently aerated sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with multiple filling events
Authors: Hajsardar Mehdi , Borghei Seyed Mehdi , Hassani Amir Hessam , Takdastan Afshin 
Published: October 2016

AbstractOptimized methods for simultaneous removal of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium are important features of nutrient removal. Nitrogen removal efficiency in an intermittently aerated sequencing batch reactor (IA-SBR) with multiple filling events was studied. No external carbon source was added and three filling events were considered. Oxidationreduction potential (ORP) and pH curve at solids retention time (SRT) of 20 d were analyzed. Effects of three organic loading rates (OLR), 0.67, 1.0 and 1.5 kgCOD/m3d, and three nitrogen loading rates (NLR), 0.054, 0.1 and 0.15 kgN/m3d, on nitrogen removal were studied. Nitrate Apex in pH curve and Nitrate Knee in ORP profile indicated that the end of denitrification would be achieved sooner. The kinetic coefficients of endogenous decay (kd) and yield (Y) were identified to evaluate heterotrophic specific denitrification rate (SDNRb). In period 2 at NLR of 0.054 kgN/m3d and considering 2 anoxic and 3 aerobic phases, nitrogen removal efficiency was 91.43%.
Encapsulation of l-menthol in hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and release characteristics of the inclusion complex
Authors: Zhu Guangyong , Xiao Zuobing , Zhu Guangxu , Rujunzhou  , Niu Yunwei 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
l-menthol has been widely used in flavour, food and pharmaceuticals. Because of its high volatility and whisker growth, l-menthol-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was produced to improve shelf-life, provide protection, and enhance the stability of l-menthol. The inclusion complex was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction. The results show that l-menthol was successfully encapsulated in hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. l-menthol loading capacity is about 8.44%. Geometries and binding energies of l-menthol-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes were investigated using molecular mechanics calculations. The shape and orientation of the most stable complex, and the minimum binding energy were determined. L-menthol release from complex was determined by thermogravimetric analysis. Two l-menthol release rate peaks were observed at 69.3 and 279.1°C. The l-menthol release reaction order, release activation energy and the preexponential factor were obtained.
Effect of demineralization on the physiochemical structure and thermal degradation of acid treated indigenous rice husk
Authors: Aslam Umair , Ramzan Naveed , Iqbal Tanveer , Kazmi Mohsin , Ikhlaq Aamir 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Energy generation from biomass presents some serious problems like slagging, fouling and corrosion of boilers. To address these problems, demineralization of biomass is performed using different leaching agents. This study is focused on determining the influence of leaching agents and leaching time on the physiochemical structure of rice husk during demineralization. Dilute (5% wt) solutions of HCl and H2SO4 were used for the demineralization of rice husk separately with leaching time of 15, 60 and 120 minutes. It is shown that H2SO4 exhibited higher removal of alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEM) comparatively as depicted by the 34.2% decrease in ash content along with an increase of 7.10% in the heating value. The acid has been seen to induce more notable changes in physiochemical structure as depicted by the FTIR spectra and SEM micrographs. The thermal degradation behavior of the demineralized rice husk has also been reported.
The Evaluation of Recession Magnitudes in EU Countries during the Great Recession 2008–2010
Authors: Mazurek Jiří 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The aim of this article is to compare 2008-2010 recession magnitudes in individual EU countries. For the comparison the recession magnitude scale was used. The strongest recession during the examined period took place in Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Greece and Ireland, while the weakest recessions in the EU occurred in France, Malta and Cyprus. Poland and Slovakia were the only two EU countries that didn’t fall into a recession, that’s why they were not included in the study. The main findings of the paper are that EU19’s recession was much smaller than both the Great Depression of the 1930s and the recent Great Recession in the USA. Furthermore, with the use of a linear econometric model it was found that recession magnitudes in EU countries were directly proportional to the countries’ GDP per capita in 2008 and growth prior to recessions, while countries’ economic openness was indirectly proportional to recession magnitudes, all the relationships being statistically significant.
Potential Suitable Methods for Measuring the Effects of Animal-Assisted Activities and Therapy: a Review
Authors: Machová K. , Svobodová I. , Říha M. , Ryšánková L. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Dogs are companions of humans since time beyond memory and their use in rehabilitation processes is increasingly frequent. Dogs can be used for animal-assisted activities (AAA) as well as animal-assisted therapy (AAT). The effects, however, have not been fully demonstrated, reasons for this including difficulties in providing evidence of positive action. According to previous studies, there is a decrease in heart and respiratory rate, blood pressure reduction, more positive mood as well as warming of muscles, which promotes relaxation of spastic areas. Regulation of hormone levels might also occur as a result of AAA/AAT. Indeed, increases in oxytocin levels and decreases of cortisol have been found. However, a unified methodology for clear measuring the entire impact of AAA/AAT on patients is missing. This survey evaluated different methods for measuring the effects of AAA/AAT, with results showing that the most suitable ones, selected on the basis of the effect of rehabilitation, comprise thermography, spectral analysis of heart rate, electromyography (EMG), polyelectromyography (PEMG), and blood sampling. Because AAT making use of dogs has not yet been recognized as an official method of treatment, it is very important to find out objective means to evidence its beneficial effects. Highlights:
– Using dogs for AAA/AAT has a positive effect on client’s mental as well as physical condition
– AAT promotes motor functions and helps restore appropriate movement patterns
– Possible methods to measure the effect of AAA/AAT are thermography, spectral analysis of heart rate, electromyography (EMG), polyelectromyography (PEMG), and blood sampling
Hezekiah’s Prayer and Childlessness: Variant Forms of a Tradition, as Reflected in LXX, Josephus, and Rabbinic Sources
Authors: Rothstein David 
Published: October 2016

AbstractOwing to its linguistic opacity and redactional complexity, Hezekiah’s Psalm (Isa 38,1–22) has long vexed students of the Hebrew Bible. The challenges posed by this composition are evident already in the earliest stages of this text’s reception, as demonstrated by the variant readings and interpretations encountered in LXX, Josephus, and rabbinic sources. The present essay addresses the treatment of two particular difficulties posed by this composition, viz., Hezekiah’s age at the time of his illness and the circumstances surrounding his malady, as formulated in LXX, Josephus, and the Babylonian Talmud. The article concludes with an examination of the possible textual/exegetical relationship obtaining among these sources and an analysis of the implications of each source regarding classification of the psalm’s genre.
Influence of Rest Intervals After Assisted Sprinting on Bodyweight Sprint Times in Female Collegiate Soccer Players
Authors: Nealer Austyn L. , Dunnick Dustin D. , Malyszek Kylie K. , Wong Megan A. , Costa Pablo B. , Coburn Jared W. , Brown Lee E. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Nealer, AL, Dunnick, DD, Malyszek, KK, Wong, MA, Costa, PB, Coburn, JW, and Brown, LE. Influence of rest intervals after assisted sprinting on bodyweight sprint times in female collegiate soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 31(1): 88–94, 2017—Speed is a crucial element an athlete must possess to be successful. In soccer, the ability to accelerate faster than your opponent can result in being first to reach a ball on a breakaway or stopping a counter attack. A unique way to train explosive movements is to evoke postactivation potentiation (PAP) in the working muscles. Traditionally, an overload stimulus with a long rest period is used, but a model using an overspeed stimulus with shorter rest periods is less understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the acute effects of varied rest intervals after assisted sprinting on bodyweight sprint time. Twenty-four female soccer players were split into 2 groups: recreational (n:11; age:20 ± 1.67 year; ht:162.30 ± 4.35 cm; mass:61.02 ± 8.78 kg) and collegiate athletes (n:13; age:19.76 ± 0.83 year; ht:166.85 ± 5.98 cm; mass:61.23 ± 3.77 kg). All participants attended 5 separate sessions, performed a dynamic warm up, then executed one 20 m sprint (with 5 m splits) at 30% bodyweight assistance (BWA). They then rested for 30 seconds, 1, 2, or 4 minutes in random order, followed by one bodyweight sprint with no BWA. Baseline sprint times were measured without BWA on the initial session of testing. Results revealed no difference in sprint time for the full 20 m distance in either group. However, sprint time was significantly decreased for the 0–5 m split only for the athletes after 1 minute (1.15 ± 0.06 second) and 2 minute (1.16 ± 0.06 second) rest compared with baseline (1.21 ± 0.04 second). Therefore, trained athletes should rest 1 or 2 minutes after 30% BWA supramaximal sprinting for increased bodyweight sprint speed.
Characterization of Piezoelectric Accelerometers Beyond the Nominal Frequency Range
Authors: Kırlangıç A. S. , Cascante G. , Polak M. A. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Ultrasonic testing is preferred widely for the evaluation of material properties. However, ultrasonic signals are highly affected by the characteristics of the piezoelectric transducers employed for the measurements. Since ultrasonic transducers are mostly used to measure the travel time of waves only, their non-flat frequency response does not affect the results. On the other hand, the analyses based on the full-waveform provide more reliable results, as thousands of additional data points in the measured signals are taken into account to determine the material properties (e.g., material damping). To perform such analyses, however, the transfer function of the transducer is required in order to normalize the recorded signals. In this paper, a new calibration approach was proposed to determine the transfer function of the piezo-electric accelerometers that are used beyond their nominal frequency range. A nano-laser vibrometer was utilized to measure the high frequency ultrasonic vibrations generated by the piezoelectric transmitter employed as the excitation source for the accelerometers. The transfer functions of two accelerometers with different nominal frequency ranges were determined for frequencies between 20 and 70 kHz, which were then used to capture the ultrasonic waves on a lightly cemented-sand medium. The original signals and the ones corrected by eliminating the effect of the transfer functions were processed to determine the material damping of the medium. Improvement in the accuracy of the material damping is achieved with the corrected signals compared to the uncorrected ones.