bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Project Sober (Strengthening Our Basic Education Research): Research Capacity Building for Public School Teachers in the Department of Education- Division of Occidental Mindoro
Authors: Declaro-Ruedas Mary Yole Apple 
Published: October 2024

The role of teachers in public schools has changed from teaching to administrative and research functions. In the Department of Education, Master Teachers as well as Teachers I-III are now required to conduct at least one action or basic research based on the Basic Education Research Agenda.
This paper highlights the importance of the Project SOBER in promoting research culture in the different public schools in the Division of Occidental Mindoro. This program is a collaborative undertaking of the Occidental Mindoro State College and the Department of Education-Occidental Mindoro Division for five years.
Division trainings, seminar-workshops, roll-outs, colloquiums and research presentations were conducted from January 18, 2018-January 18, 2023. The topics discussed were research management, financial management for funded proposal, research conceptualization, research implementation, manuscript write up, and effective poster and oral presentation. The participants rated the extension as “very highly effective” in terms of content and management of the program.
To date, the teachers in the Division of Occidental Mindoro had been presenting research papers in the regional/national fora, receiving awards and publishing their outputs in refereed journals.
Optimizing Soil Moisture, Mulching, and Spacing for Yield and Water Productivity in Irrigated Elephant Foot Yam (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius)
Authors: Abraham Mini , P S Bhindhu , Thomas Deepa , E K Kurien , Joseph Shyla , M S Mariya Dainy , M P Sruthi 
Published: October 2024

Aims: To standardize crop spacing and irrigation requirements under different mulching situation for better yield and water productivity.
Study Design: The experiment was designed in RBD with two replications.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted at Agronomic Research Station, Kerala Agriculture University (KAU), Chalakudy for three consecutive years from 2016 -17, 2017 – 18 and 2018 – 2019.
Methodology: Study conducted with 18 treatments, includes three levels of irrigation, three types of mulching and with two different crop spacing. Observations on weed count and weed dry matter production were also taken to study the effect of different mulches on weed growth. Biometric observations of crop growth and yield were recorded.
Results: Observations on biometric characters revealed that both the height and diameter of the crop canopy were significantly influenced by mulching and found to be highest in the plot where leaf was used as the mulching material and the yield of Amorphophallus during 2016 - 2017 showed that corm weight was greatly influenced by irrigation levels, mulching and spacing. Corm yield was lowest in the plot where irrigation frequency was once in three days (21.02 t/ha). Yield in leaf mulched plot was 38.11 t/ha while in plastic mulched and no mulched plots were 23.50 and 19.50 t/ha. Effect of treatments on water productivity and BC ratio showed that leaf mulching of the crop has significant effect. In leaf mulched plot, water productivity in 2016-17 was 2.03 while it was only 1.854 and 0.886 in 2017-18 and 2018-19. Similarly, BC ratio was highest for leaf mulched plot followed by no mulch and plastic mulch plot.
Conclusion: The experimental results from 2016 -17, 2017 – 18 and 2018 – 2019, showed that Amorphophallus planted at a spacing of 90 cm x 90 cm, irrigated at a frequency of once in three days along with leaf mulching can increase the yield and water productivity along with effective control of weed population.
Risperidone-induced angioedema
Authors: Burton Caitlin , Laguado S. Andrea 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Risperidone is a second-generation antipsychotic with common adverse effects, such as extrapyramidal symptoms, weight gain, hyperprolactinemia, and sedation. Angioedema, although generally considered to be uncommon, has previously been documented to occur following administration of some antipsychotics, including risperidone. This report describes a case of risperidone-induced angioedema in an older male patient.
Wettbewerb der Finanzstandorte — Eine rechtsvergleichende Analyse der Eigenkapitalfinanzierung in den USA, in Deutschland und im UK
Authors: Joser Niklas 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die Neuregelungen des Zukunftsfinanzierungsgesetzes zum Kapitalerhöhungsrecht der AG sind durch einen internationalen Wettbewerb der Finanzstandorte getrieben. Ein derartiger Beweggrund stellt keine Neuheit dar, rückt jedoch bei historischer Betrachtung zunehmend in den Fokus von Gesetzgebung und Rechtsprechung. Der Beitrag legt diese Entwicklung unter rechtsvergleichender Analyse der US-amerikanischen, deutschen und britischen Rechtsrahmen offen, prüft das aktuelle Level Playing Field der Eigenkapitalfinanzierung und prognostiziert den Fortgang des Wettbewerbs der Finanzstandorte.
Quantifying K, U, and Th contents of marine sediments using shipboard natural gamma radiation spectra measured on DVJOIDESResolution
Authors: De Vleeschouwer David , Dunlea Ann G. , Auer Gerald , Anderson Chloe H. , Brumsack Hans , de Loach Aaron , Gurnis Michael , Huh Youngsook , Ishiwa Takeshige , Jang Kwangchul , Kominz Michelle A. , März Christian , Schnetger Bernhard , Murray Richard W. , Pälike Heiko ,   Expedition 356 Shipboard Scientists
Published: February 2017

AbstractDuring International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) expeditions, shipboard‐generated data provide the first insights into the cored sequences. The natural gamma radiation (NGR) of the recovered material, for example, is routinely measured on the ocean drilling research vessel DV JOIDES Resolution. At present, only total NGR counts are readily available as shipboard data, although full NGR spectra (counts as a function of gamma‐ray energy level) are produced and archived. These spectra contain unexploited information, as one can estimate the sedimentary contents of potassium (K), thorium (Th), and uranium (U) from the characteristic gamma‐ray energies of isotopes in the 40K, 232Th, and 238U radioactive decay series. Dunlea et al. (2013) quantified K, Th, and U contents in sediment from the South Pacific Gyre by integrating counts over specific energy levels of the NGR spectrum. However, the algorithm used in their study is unavailable to the wider scientific community due to commercial proprietary reasons. Here, we present a new MATLAB algorithm for the quantification of NGR spectra that is transparent and accessible to future NGR users. We demonstrate the algorithm's performance by comparing its results to shore‐based inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS), inductively coupled plasma‐emission spectrometry (ICP‐ES), and quantitative wavelength‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses. Samples for these comparisons come from eleven sites (U1341, U1343, U1366‐U1369, U1414, U1428‐U1430, and U1463) cored in two oceans during five expeditions. In short, our algorithm rapidly produces detailed high‐quality information on sediment properties during IODP expeditions at no extra cost.
Identifying spatial clustering in change points of streamflow across the contiguous U.S. between 1945 and 2009
Authors: Ivancic Timothy J. , Shaw Stephen B. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMuch of the work investigating sudden changes in streamflow in the U.S. has used only a small subset of all available gage data and has identified only a single change point in each gage's period of record. In this paper, we apply a change point detection and clustering algorithm that uses all U.S. Geological Survey flow gages with near‐continuous records, detects multiple change points in annual streamflow, and groups change points into geographic clusters which are not predefined by any political or hydrologic boundaries. We identify 17 spatially distinct change point clusters, 14 of which are related to concurrent changes in precipitation. Several geographic regions display multiple clusters, indicating multiple change points in time. The presence of abrupt changes in streamflow suggests that natural variability in the climate signal may be dominating observed streamflow variations in the last 60 years in many locations in the contiguous U.S.
Dynamic properties of throat aurora revealed by simultaneous ground and satellite observations
Authors: Chen X.‐C. , Han D.‐S. , Lorentzen D. A. , Oksavik K. , Moen J. I. , Baddeley L. J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThroat aurora is defined as south‐north aligned auroral arcs equatorward of the dayside cusp aurora and was suggested to be the results of cold magnetospheric plasma interaction with magnetopause reconnection, but its observational properties have not yet been well established. In this paper we carefully examine a sequence of throat auroras observed over Svalbard on 27 December 2003. Observations from 630.0 nm [OI] show that poleward moving throat auroras frequently show brightening followed by dimming in auroral intensity, and sometimes, the brightening throat aurora is a precursor of poleward moving auroral forms. Simultaneous all‐sky images and HF radar backscatter observations along geomagnetic meridian show that the throat aurora brightening is drifting with ionospheric E × B convection and is colocated with enhanced spectral width poleward of the convection reversal boundary (CRB), while its dimming tends to be in the vicinity of the CRB. This leads us to propose that the throat aurora brightening and dimming may be on the open and closed field lines, respectively. Particle data from NOAA 16 confirm that the dimming throat aurora is associated with precipitation of magnetosheath‐like particles mixed with magnetospheric ions (>30 keV), which is characteristic of the low‐latitude boundary layer. For particle data from Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F16, we notice that the dimming throat aurora is associated with lower fluxes of magnetosheath‐like electrons accompanied with magnetospheric electrons, which is most likely on closed field lines. The dynamic properties of throat aurora presented in this paper are thus important to understand its generation mechanisms.
Substorm occurrence rates, substorm recurrence times, and solar wind structure
Authors: Borovsky Joseph E. , Yakymenko Kateryna 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTwo collections of substorms are created: 28,464 substorms identified with jumps in the SuperMAG AL index in the years 1979–2015 and 16,025 substorms identified with electron injections into geosynchronous orbit in the years 1989–2007. Substorm occurrence rates and substorm recurrence‐time distributions are examined as functions of the phase of the solar cycle, the season of the year, the Russell‐McPherron favorability, the type of solar wind plasma at Earth, the geomagnetic‐activity level, and as functions of various solar and solar wind properties. Three populations of substorm occurrences are seen: (1) quasiperiodically occurring substorms with recurrence times (waiting times) of 2–4 h, (2) randomly occurring substorms with recurrence times of about 6–15 h, and (3) long intervals wherein no substorms occur. A working model is suggested wherein (1) the period of periodic substorms is set by the magnetosphere with variations in the actual recurrence times caused by the need for a solar wind driving interval to occur, (2) the mesoscale structure of the solar wind magnetic field triggers the occurrence of the random substorms, and (3) the large‐scale structure of the solar wind plasma is responsible for the long intervals wherein no substorms occur. Statistically, the recurrence period of periodically occurring substorms is slightly shorter when the ram pressure of the solar wind is high, when the magnetic field strength of the solar wind is strong, when the Mach number of the solar wind is low, and when the polar‐cap potential saturation parameter is high.
Radial variation of sulfur and oxygen ions in the Io plasma torus as deduced from remote observations by Hisaki
Authors: Yoshioka K. , Tsuchiya F. , Kimura T. , Kagitani M. , Murakami G. , Yamazaki A. , Kuwabara M. , Suzuki F. , Hikida R. , Yoshikawa I. , Bagenal F. , Fujimoto M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe Io plasma torus, situated in the Jovian inner magnetosphere (6–8 Jovian radii from the planet) is filled with heavy ions and electrons, a large part of which are derived from Io's volcanos. The torus is the key area connecting the primary source of plasma (Io) with the midmagnetosphere (>10 Jovian radii), where highly dynamic phenomena are taking place. Revealing the plasma behavior of the torus is a key factor in elucidating Jovian magnetospheric dynamics. A global picture of the Io plasma torus can be obtained via spectral diagnosis of remotely sensed ion emissions generated via electron impact excitation. Hisaki, an Earth‐orbiting spacecraft equipped with an extreme ultraviolet spectrograph Extreme Ultraviolet Spectroscope for Exospheric Dynamics, has observed the torus at moderate spectral resolution. The data have been submitted to spectral analysis and physical chemistry modeling under the assumption of axial symmetry. Results from the investigation are radial profiles of several important parameters including electron density and temperature as well as ion abundances. The inward transport timescale of midmagnetospheric plasma is obtained to be 2–40 h from the derived radial profile for the abundance of suprathermal electrons. The physical chemistry modeling results in a timescale for the outward transport of Io‐derived plasma of around 30 days. The ratio between inward and outward plasma speed (~1%) is consistent with the occurrence rate of depleted flux tubes determined using in situ observations by instruments on the Galileo spacecraft.
Impact of the ice strength formulation on the performance of a sea ice thickness distribution model in the Arctic
Authors: Ungermann Mischa , Tremblay L. Bruno , Martin Torge , Losch Martin 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe impact of a subgrid‐scale ice thickness distribution (ITD) and two standard ice strength formulations on simulated Arctic sea ice climate is investigated. To this end, different model configurations with and without an ITD were tuned by minimizing the weighted mean error between the simulated and observed sea ice concentration, thickness, and drift speed with an semiautomatic parameter optimization routine. The standard ITD and ice strength parameterization lead to larger errors when compared to the simple single‐category model with an ice strength parameterization based on the mean ice thickness. Interestingly, the simpler ice strength formulation, which depends linearly on the mean ice thickness, also reduces the model‐observation error when using an ITD. For the ice strength parameterization that makes use of the ITD, the effective ice strength depends strongly on the number of thickness categories, so that introducing more categories can lead to overall thicker ice that is more easily deformed.
Summer extreme precipitation in eastern China: Mechanisms and impacts
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Zheng Yongjie , Singh Vijay P. , Luo Ming , Xie Zhenghui 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWith the highest population density in China, eastern China has an unshakable position in Chinese socioeconomic development. To understand the precipitation changes and the related mechanisms is of great significance for regional management of water resources and agricultural irrigation. In this study, the impacts of western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH) on precipitation changes in eastern China and the underlying processes are investigated. The results indicate that the strength and location of WNPSH are in close relations with the changes of summer precipitation in eastern China, and their influences vary across both space and time. In particular, WNPSH exerts remarkable impacts on precipitation in June and July in Jiang‐Huai region and precipitation in June in South China such as the Pearl River basin. The interannual variations of WNPSH exhibit significant correlations with water vapor flux in East Asia, and the variations of the location and direction of the west flank of the WNPSH are well corroborated with the influences of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) on precipitation in eastern China. The westward extension of WNPSH tends to favor the strong moisture transport to East Asia, intensify the EASM, and thus increase water vapor flux in East Asia, which greatly benefits the occurrence of Meiyu regimes in Jiang‐Huai region. Besides, analysis results also show that the westward extension of WNPSH drives tropical cyclones southward so as to increase the occurrence of extreme precipitation in South China. This study helps to bridge the knowledge gap in the relationship between WNPSH, tropical cyclones, and summer precipitation events in eastern China.
The distribution and biogeochemical importance of high‐latitude dust in the Arctic and Southern Ocean‐Antarctic regions
Authors: Bullard Joanna E. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractRecent studies suggest that around 5% of global dust emissions come from sources in the high latitudes (≥50°N and ≥40°S). A substantial proportion of this dust remains within the high latitudes and is deposited in marine and terrestrial environments. Stable air masses and limited atmospheric convection associated with cold climates reduce vertical mixing of dust plumes and can restrict the altitudes at which the deposition of dust originating from high latitudes can take place. Within local high‐latitude systems, dust transport pathways facilitate links between different landscape components contributing nutrients and sediments. Dust deposition to the polar areas may also be a critical source of sediments and nutrients that trigger and maintain phytoplankton blooms.
Dynamics of the Bingham Canyon rock avalanches (Utah, USA) resolved from topographic, seismic, and infrasound data
Authors: Moore Jeffrey R. , Pankow Kristine L. , Ford Sean R. , Koper Keith D. , Hale J. Mark , Aaron Jordan , Larsen Chris F. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe 2013 Bingham Canyon Mine rock avalanches represent one of the largest cumulative landslide events in recorded U.S. history and provide a unique opportunity to test remote analysis techniques for landslide characterization. Here we combine aerial photogrammetry surveying, topographic reconstruction, numerical runout modeling, and analysis of broadband seismic and infrasound data to extract salient details of the dynamics and evolution of the multiphase landslide event. Our results reveal a cumulative intact rock source volume of 52 Mm3, which mobilized in two main rock avalanche phases separated by 1.5 h. We estimate that the first rock avalanche had 1.5–2 times greater volume than the second. Each failure initiated by sliding along a gently dipping (21°), highly persistent basal fault before transitioning to a rock avalanche and spilling into the inner pit. The trajectory and duration of the two rock avalanches were reconstructed using runout modeling and independent force history inversion of intermediate‐period (10–50 s) seismic data. Intermediate‐ and shorter‐period (1–50 s) seismic data were sensitive to intervals of mass redirection and constrained finer details of the individual slide dynamics. Back projecting short‐period (0.2–1 s) seismic energy, we located the two rock avalanches within 2 and 4 km of the mine. Further analysis of infrasound and seismic data revealed that the cumulative event included an additional 11 smaller landslides (volumes ~104–105 m3) and that a trailing signal following the second rock avalanche may result from an air‐coupled Rayleigh wave. Our results demonstrate new and refined techniques for detailed remote characterization of the dynamics and evolution of large landslides.
Environmental constraints on transpiration and stomatal conductance in a Siberian Arctic boreal forest
Authors: Kropp Heather , Loranty Michael , Alexander Heather D. , Berner Logan T. , Natali Susan M. , Spawn Seth A. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBoreal forest ecosystems are experiencing changes in plant productivity that are likely to continue with ongoing climate change. Transpiration (T) and canopy stomatal conductance (gc) are a key influence on plant productivity, and a better understanding of drivers and limitations of T and gc is necessary for constraining estimates of boreal ecosystem change. We describe patterns in T and gc of a deciduous conifer, Larix cajanderi, in an arctic boreal forest in northeastern Russia across three growing seasons from 2013 to 2015. We examine the influence of environmental drivers on gc using a phenomenological model. T was highly variable across days and varied between 0.03 and 0.75 L m−2 d−1. T and gc largely covaried with daily fluctuations in air temperature and vapor pressure deficit. gc was highly suppressed on days when the vapor pressure deficits exceeded 0.75 kPa with an average daily gc of 37.55 mmol m−2 s−1, and the average daily gc was almost double (71.25 mmol m−2 s−1) when vapor pressure deficits stayed below 0.75 kPa. Daily variation in gc was significantly related to air temperature, permafrost thaw depth, and past precipitation. The influence of past precipitation and permafrost thaw depth on gc indicates that belowground conditions relating to soil moisture status are a key limitation for T. Such limitations on gc and T suggest that soil water and plant water stress play an important role in plant productivity and water relations in far northeastern Siberia.
Evaluating financial risk management strategies under climate change for hydropower producers on the Great Lakes
Authors: Meyer Eliot S. , Characklis Gregory W. , Brown Casey 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHydropower on the Great Lakes makes up a substantial fraction of regional electricity generation capacity. Hydropower producers on the Niagara River (flowing between lakes Erie and Ontario) operate as run‐of‐river, and changing lake levels alter interlake flows reducing both generation and revenues. Index‐based insurance contracts, wherein contract payouts are linked to lake levels, offer a tool for mitigating this risk. As a potentially useful tool, pricing of financial insurance is typically based on historical behavior of the index. However, uncertainty with respect to the impacts of climate change on lake level behavior and how this might translate to increased (or decreased) risk for those selling or buying the insurance remains unexplored. Portfolios of binary index‐insurance contracts are developed for hydropower producers on the Niagara River, and their performance is evaluated under a range of climate scenarios. Climate Informed Decision Analysis is used to inform the sensitivity of these portfolios to potential shifts in long‐term, climatological variations in water level behavior. Under historical conditions, hydropower producers can use portfolios costing 0.5% of mean revenues to increase their minimum revenue threshold by approximately 18%. However, a one standard deviation decrease in the 50 year mean water level potentially doubles the frequency with which these portfolios would underperform from the perspective of a potential insurer. Trade‐offs between portfolio cost and the frequency of underperformance are investigated over a range of climate futures.