bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preserved Recognition in a Case of Developmental Amnesia: Implications for the Acaquisition of Semantic Memory?
Authors: Baddeley Alan , Vargha-Khadem Faraneh , Mishkin Mortimer 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
We report the performance on recognition memory tests of Jon, who, despite amnesia from early childhood, has developed normal levels of performance on tests of intelligence, language, and general knowledge. Despite impaired recall, he performed within the normal range on each of six recognition tests, but he appears to lack the recollective phenomenological experience normally associated with episodic memory. His recall of previously unfamiliar newsreel event was impaired, but gained substantially from repetition over a 2-day period. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the recollective process of episodic memory is not necessary either for recognition or for the acquisition of semantic knowledge.
Acoustical Vision of Neglected Stimuli: Interaction among Spatially Converging Audiovisual Inputs in Neglect Patients
Authors: Frassinetti Francesca , Pavani Francesco , Làdavas Elisabetta 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Cross-modal spatial integration between auditory and visual stimuli is a common phenomenon in space perception. The principles underlying such integration have been outlined by neurophysiological and behavioral studies in animals (Stein & Meredith, 1993), but little evidence exists proving that similar principles occur also in humans.
In the present study, we explored such possibility in patients with visual neglect, namely, patients with visuospatial impairment. To test this hypothesis, neglect patients were required to detect brief flash of light presented in one of six spatial positions, either in a unimodal condition (i.e., only visual stimuli were presented) or in a cross-modal condition (i.e., a sound was presented simultaneously to the visual target, either at the same spatial position or a tone of the remaining five possible positions).
The results showed an improvement of visual detection when visual and auditory stimuli were originating from the same position in space or at close spatial disparity (168). In contrast, no improvement was found when the spatial separation of visual and auditory stimuli was larger than 168. Moreover, the improvement was larger for visual positions that were more affected by the spatial impairment, i.e., the most peripheral positions in the left visual field (LVF).
In conclusion, the results of the present study considerably extend our knowledge about the multisensory integration, by showing in humans the existence of an integrated visuoauditory system with functional properties similar to those found in animals.
Cross-Modal Interactions between Audition, Touch, and Vision in Endogenous Spatial Attention: ERP Evidence on Preparatory States and Sensory Modulations
Authors: Eimer Martin , Velzen José van , Driver Jon 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Recent behavioral and event-related brain potential (ERP) studies have revealed cross-modal interactions in endogenous spatial attention between vision and audition, plus vision and touch. The present ERP study investigated whether these interactions reflect supramodal attentional control mechanisms, and whether similar cross-modal interactions also exist between audition and touch. Participants directed attention to the side indicated by a cue to detect infrequent auditory or tactile targets at the cued side. The relevant modality (audition or touch) was blocked. Attentional control processes were reflected in systematic ERP modulations elicited during cued shifts of attention. An anterior negativity contralateral to the cued side was followed by a contralateral positivity at posterior sites. These effects were similar whether the cue signaled which side was relevant for audition or for touch. They also resembled previously observed ERP modulations for shifts of visual attention, thus implicating supramodal mechanisms in the control of spatial attention. Following each cue, single auditory, tactile, or visual stimuli were presented at the cued or uncued side. Although stimuli in task-irrelevant modalities could be completely ignored, visual and auditory ERPs were nevertheless affected by spatial attention when touch was relevant, revealing cross-modal interactions. When audition was relevant, visual ERPs, but not tactile ERPs, were affected by spatial attention, indicating that touch can be decoupled from cross-modal attention when task-irrelevant.
THE POLITICS OF MESHA: SEGMENTED IDENTITIES AND STATE FORMATION IN IRON AGE MOAB
Authors: Routledge Bruce 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe Mesha Inscription (ca. 850 B.C.) is the longest and most informative document from Iron Age Jordan. A close reading of this text shows that it is thematically and syntactically structured in terms of a series of territorially-based social units related to one another in a segmentary manner. This segmentary structure highlights the state-forming strategies of political incorporation pursued by Mesha, the inscription's putative author. It also highlights the limits of the recent characterization of biblical Moab as "tribal," with its assumption that kinship, rather than territory, was the principle organizing metaphor of the state.
Feeding in anuran communities on islands in the Danube floodplain
Authors: Ciubuc Constantin , Palmer Michael , Cogălniceanu Dan 
Published: July 2002

AbstractFeeding habits and food choice of anurans found on two islands in the lower Danube floodplain were studied for two years. The five most abundant anuran species included in this study were Bombina bombina, Hyla arborea, Pelobates fuscus, Rana esculenta and R. ridibunda. In B. bombina the niche breadths of young and adults were of similar magnitude and the degree of overlap between these size classes was high. In Rana esculenta complex young individuals had a much broader trophic niche than adults. A low degree of overlap existed between young and adults, suggesting that the various size classes exploit different segments of the prey resource. Overall, species with a larger size range consumed a higher prey diversity. Prey occurrence was sampled throughout the study on a regular basis. The analysis of selectivity in feeding using Ivlev's index showed that the prey taxa that appeared to be preferred were generally rare in the environment. Detrended Correspondence Analysis revealed that the composition of anuran diets were highly overlapping but differed from the composition of the resource base. The trophic resource was highly partitioned in space and time and thus allowed the coexistence of large populations with similar diets.
MALE WING PIGMENTATION MAY AFFECT REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS VIA FEMALE CHOICE IN A CALOPTERYGID DAMSELFLY (ZYGOPTERA)
Authors: Siva-Jothy M.T. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractMale calopterygid damselflies show striking morphological and behavioural secondary sexual traits which are known to function in intrasexual contests. The distribution of pigment in the sexually dimorphic wing 'spot' is prominently displayed to the female during courtship, yet there is little empirical evidence that this trait functions in an epigamic context. Observations of marked field populations revealed (a) there was variation in wing pigment distribution in males, (b) the pigmentation was fixed in reproductively active males, (c) resource holding males had less heterogeneity in the distribution of the wing pigment than males that were never observed to hold a resource and (d) that females frequently (60.3%) rejected males after courtship. An experiment was conducted in which the frequency of key reproductive behaviours (female inspection flights, courtships, copulations, and oviposition) was measured for the same male utilising the same territory before and after treatment or control manipulation of wing pigment parameters. Increasing the heterogeneity (and decreasing the area) of the wing pigmentation by removing small areas of pigmented cuticle from their wings resulted in a decrease in the measured reproductive behaviours (control males that had non-pigmented areas removed from their wings showed no decreases). Since females cannot be coerced into these behaviours, the experimentally induced decrease suggests females avoided males with higher levels of wing pigment heterogeneity. The results are discussed in the context of the benefits females might receive as a consequence of their reproductive decisions.
Description of two species of Chiloplectus Andrássy, 1984 (Nematoda: Plectidae) from Ukraine and a revised taxonomy of the genus
Authors: Boström Sven , Susulovsky Andrij , Holovachov Oleksandr 
Published: July 2002

AbstractTwo species of the genus Chiloplectus are described from Ukraine. Detailed studies by light and scanning electron microscopy were made to differentiate between C. andrassyi, a new senior synonym of Plectus telekii, and C. loricatus. Some previously unknown characters like the shape of the excretory gland duct, the number and position of somatic setae, and the epiptygmata are introduced for this differentiation. C. loricatus is found to be a junior synonym of Plectus cancellatus, which is transferred to Chiloplectus. An emended diagnosis and a revised classification of Chiloplectus are proposed, and a key to the species of the genus is provided. Plectus globilabiatus Kirjanova, 1958 and P.annulatus Maggenti, 1961 are regarded as species inquirendae. Description de deux espèces de Chiloplectus Andrássy, 1984 (Nematoda: Plectidae) d'Ukraine et une classification nouvelle pour le genre - Deux espèces du genre Chiloplectus sont décrites d'Ukraine. Des études détaillées en microscopie optique et électronique à balayage ont été conduites pour différencier C. andrassyi, un nouveau synonyme majeur de Plectus telekii, et C.loricatus. Quelques caractères jusqu'à présent inconnus comme la forme du canal de la glande excrétrice, le nombre et la position des soies céphaliques et les epiptygmes ont été utilisés pour cette différentiation. C. loricatus est considéré comme un synonyme mineur de Plectus cancellatus, lequel est transféré au genre Chiloplectus. Sont proposées une diagnose amendée et une classification révisée du genre Chiloplectus; une clef des espèces du genre est proposée. Plectus globilabiatus Kirjanova, 1958 et P.annulatus Maggenti, 1961 sont considérés comme species inquirendae.
Natural and experimental associations of Caenorhabditis remanei with Trachelipus rathkii and other terrestrial isopods
Authors: Baird Scott Everet 
Published: July 2002

AbstractCaenorhabditis remanei was found in association with the terrestrial isopod Trachelipus rathkii at several wooded locations in southwestern Ohio. These associations were as developmentally arrested dauer larvae. The sites of association were the inner surfaces of the dorsal plates and ventral appendages. C. remanei associations also were observed with Armadillidium nasatum, Cylisticus convexus, and Porcellio scaber. They were not observed with Porcellio spinicornis even though P. spinicornis populations were intermingled with infested populations of T. rathkii. Consistent with the observed natural associations, C. remanei dauers were experimentally able to infest T. rathkii and P. scaber . Dauer larvae responded to confinement with isopods by nictating and by climbing upon these potential hosts. Experimental infestations were able to persist for at least five days. Long-term infestations were not attempted. Naturliche und experimentelle Vergesellschaftungen von Caenorhabditis remanei mit Trachelipus rathkii unde anderen terrestrischen Isopoden - An mehreren waldigen Stellen im Sudwesten von Ohio wurde Caenorhabditis remani vergesellschaftet mit dem terrestrischen Isopoden Trachelipus rathkii gefunden. Diese Assoziationen waren wie in der Entwicklung gehemmte Dauerlarven. Sie wurden an den inneren Oberflachen der Dorsalplatten und der ventralen Anhange festgestellt. Vergesellschaftungen von C. remani wurden auch mit Armadillium nasutum, Cylisticus convexus und Porcellio scaber beobachtet. Nicht beobachtet wurden sie dagegen bei Porcellio spinicornis, obwohl Populationen dieser Art mit infizierten Populationen von T. rathkii vermischt vorkamen. In Ubereinstimmung mit den beobachteten naturlichen Assoziationen konnten Dauerjuvenile von C. remani auch im Versuch T. rathkii und P. scaber befallen. Die Dauerjuvenile reagierten auf das enge Zusammensein mit den Isopoden durch Nickbewegungen und Klettern auf diese potentiellen Wirte. So ein experimenteller Befall konnte fur mindestens funf Tage bestehen. Langfristiger Befall wurde nicht versucht.
The nature and significance of illite associated with quartz- hematite hydrothermal veins in the St. Austell pluton, Cornwall, England
Authors: Psyrillos A. , Manning D. A. C. , Burley S. D. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractQuartz-hematite veins in the St. Austell pluton feature an assemblage of authigenic kaolin, illite, chlorite and hematite. Similar assemblages occur in altered granites adjacent to the veins. Complex textures in the veins and altered granites show that kaolin was an initial precipitate from hydrothermal fluids that was subsequently replaced by illite, hematite and chlorite. The sequence of mineral precipitation reflects a kinetic control on crystal growth, with early nonequilibrium precipitation of kaolin from fluids with compositions appropriate for the equilibrium formation of illite. Hematite formed under relatively oxidizing conditions that subsequently became more reducing to permit the late precipitation of chlorite. Illite associated with the quartz-hematite veins differs texturally, mineralogically and chemically from the coarsely crystalline hydrothermal muscovite (sericite or gilbertite) associated with quartz-tourmaline veins and greisen. Quartzhematite veins are thus considered to record a distinct mineralization event that is not related to the early greisenization or the economic kaolinization.
Influence of bacteria on rock-water interaction and clay mineral formation in subsurface granitic environments
Authors: Hama K. , Bateman K. , Coombs P. , Hards V. L. , Milodowski A. E. , West J. M. , Wetton P. D. , Yoshida H. , Aoki K. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractStudies of the subsurface microbiology of the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory, Sweden have revealed the presence of many different bacteria in the deep groundwaters which appear to maintain reducing conditions. Experiments were conducted to study the rock-water and microbial interactions. These used crushed Äspö diorite, Äspö groundwater and iron- and sulphate-reducing bacteria in flowing systems under anaerobic conditions. In column experiments, there was evidence of loss and mobilization of fine-grained crushed material (<5 μm) which had originally adhered to grain surfaces in the starting material. The mobilized fines were trapped between grains. The degree of mineralogical alteration was greater in the experiments when bacteria were present. In both column and continuously stirred reactor experiments, there is evidence for the formation of a secondary clay. These experiments have shown that microbial activity can influence rock-water interactions even in nutrient-poor conditions.
Revision of the crystal structure of ulrichite, CaCu2+(UO2)(PO4)2·4H2O
Authors: Kolitsch U. , Giester G. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe crystal structure of ulrichite, CaCu2+(UO2)(PO4)2·4H2O (space group P21/c, a = 12.784(3), b = 6.996(1), c = 13.007(3)Å, β = 91.92(1)°, V = 1162.7(4)Å3, Z = 4) was redetermined using X-ray diffraction data measured from a twinned crystal with Mo-Kα radiation and a CCD area detector (2510 unique reflections with Fo > 4σ(Fo), R1 = 8.8%). Ulrichite crystallizes in space group P21/c rather than C2/m reported previously. The newly determined atomic positions give reasonable coordination polyhedra. One unique Ca atom is irregularly coordinated by eight O atoms (<Ca–O> = 2.46 Å). One unique U atom shows a {2+5} coordination with characteristic bond angles and lengths (1.806(11)Å, 1.842(12)Å and five bonds between 2.252(15) and 2.441(11)Å). Furthermore, the structure contains groups in which strongly elongated CuO6 ‘octahedra’ (also describable as CuO4 squares) are corner-linked to two PO4 tetrahedra via two opposite, equatorial O atoms. Edge- and corner-sharing UO7, CaO8 and PO4 polyhedra form heteropolyhedral sheets parallel to (001) that are linked to adjacent sheets via the CuO6 ‘octahedra’ and hydrogen bonds.
Retrograde Ag-enrichment in fahlores from the Coeur d'Alene mining district, Idaho, USA
Authors: Sack R. O. , Kuehner S. M. , Hardy L. S. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractTetrahedrite fahlores from the Coeur d'Alene mining district (Idaho) have been found to be enriched in Ag by the Ag–Cu exchange reactionwhich occurred during cooling following galena mineralization. This solid–state reaction resulted in quantitative removal of Ag (in a AgSbS2 component) from galena and development of bournonite coronas on fahlore grains. The reaction produced a distinct population of high-Ag fahlores found in galena-rich samples and accounts for all of the bournonite mineralization. The most argentian of these high-Ag fahlores examined in this study (molar Ag/(Ag+Cu) = 0.303±0.011 and 0.336±0.011) are found in samples which achieved saturation with respect to other Ag-sulfosalts, namely pyrargyrite and polybasite and diaphorite, respectively. Multiple lines of evidence for the Ag-Cu exchange reaction are presented in this paper which applies mass-balance constraints and a thermodynamic database for sulfides/sulfosalts to microprobe analyses and textural observations, and to bulk production data. This solid-state reaction may explain why previous district studies have been unable to demonstrate convincingly primary fahlore zoning. Based on the Ag/(Ag+Cu) of fahlores coexisting with other Agsulfosalts and Fe-Zn partitioning between fahlore and sphalerite, we estimate that fahlore compositions were frozen in by 175°C. Examining the composition data for other Ag tetrahedrite fahlores found in the Coeur d'Alene district and elsewhere, we conclude that the thermodynamic database provides an accurate description of phase equilibria, except possibly for very Fe-rich systems where further studies of the Fe-Zn partitioning between fahlore and Fe-rich (Zn,Fe)S phases and of the thermodynamics of Fe-rich (Zn,Fe)S phases are warranted.
A modern, evaporitic occurrence of teruggite, Ca4MgB12As2O28.18H2O, and nobleite, CaB6O10.4H2O, from the El Tatio geothermal field, Antofagasta Province, Chile
Authors: Rodgers K. A. , Greatrex R. , Hyland M. , Simmons S. F. , Browne P. R. L. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractTeruggite is the dominant phase in a soft, off-white, poorly-layered and weakly-cemented surface crust, 10–15 mm thick, occurring in the high-temperature El Tatio geothermal field of Chile. Other minerals present include halite, which is present throughout but also forms a thin (<0.5 mm), brittle, cratered surface to the deposit, nobleite, ulexite and opal-A, with possible traces of illite-smectite and at least one unidentified phase. With the exception of ulexite, none of the minerals associated with teruggite at El Tatio has been reported from other occurrences of this mineral, nor do they occur with nobleite in its sole other known occurrence in Death Valley. EDS and XPS analyses of the main mass of the deposit show the presence of Ca, As, B, Na, and Cl, consistent with the identified mineral assemblage, but with elevated concentrations in Ca and Cl that are presumably associated with a further phase. Little Mg is present and the El Tatio teruggite appears deficient in this element, with Ca presumably replacing Mg in the structure. Unlike earlier documented occurrences of teruggite, that at El Tatio is evaporitic, modern and surficial. It is located some 50 m from the nearest hot (~50°C) pool and there is no evidence of association with fluid discharge. As such, the deposit has presumably derived from a fluid moving in the uppermost levels of the El Tatio field; perhaps a heavily modified version of the brines found in the deep wells.
Cummingtonite in the Dalradian of NE Scotland
Authors: Smith C. G. , Phillips E. R. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe first recorded occurrence of cummingtonite in the Scottish Dalradian is described. The mineral occurs in thin layers within a psammite-semipelite sequence forming the lower part of the Easdale Subgroup in which it coexists with bytownitic plagioclase, almandine-rich garnet and quartz. Textural and mineral chemical evidence suggest that the cummingtonite developed from hornblende during amphibolite-facies regional metamorphism. The protolith to this cummingtonite-bearing rock is believed to have been a basaltic tuff, possibly alkaline in character, containing a significant proportion of sedimentary detritus. The cummingtonite-bearing rock may provide the earliest record of basic volcanism in the Dalradian of the Ballater district.
Chromian illite-ankerite-quartz parageneses from the Kintail district of
southern Ross-shire, Scotland
Authors: Clifford T. N. , Rex D. C. , Green R. , le Roex A. P. , Pienaar H. S. , Bühmann D. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
The Coire Dhuinnid fault zone contains emerald green chromian
illite-ankerite-quartz rocks that are similar in appearance to the fuchsite(or
mariposite)-carbonate-quartz parageneses that are commonplace in Archaean
greenstone belts but which are rather rare in Phanerozoic rocks. The chromian
illite contains 2.3 wt.% Cr2O3, low
K2O (7.1–7.6 wt.%) and high H2O+ (5.7
wt.%), and it is a 1M polytype with ≤10% of an illite/smectite interstratification
indicative of a formation temperature of c. 175–200°C.
The host rocks contain high concentrations of Ni and Cr, and show low
concentrations of Ti, Nb, Y and Zr, suggesting a former primitive mafic protolith
(boninitic magma?); they are considered to be retrograde remnants of Lewisian
rocks. The latter, and the associated rocks of the Moine Series, have been
affected by CO2 metasomatism that was accompanied by the
addition of Ca(+Sr), Fe and Mg, and by the removal of Na from, and the addition of
H2O to the Moine metasediments. Radiogenic isotope studies
of mineral separates and whole rock from sample no. 43 yielded ages of 483±2 Ma
(Ar-Ar dating on Cr illite), 413±12 Ma (K-Ar dating on Cr illite), and 322±9 Ma
(Rb-Sr dating on minerals and whole rock); the significance of this discrepant
pattern is discussed.
Re-examination of yushkinite: chemical composition, optical properties and
interlayer charge transfer
Authors: Moëlo Y. , Rouer O. , Cario L. , Cervelle B. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
The hydroxy-sulphide yushkinite from the type deposit has been re-examined by
electron probe microanalysis and reflectance measurement. The EPMA indicates minor
Cu (up to 1.5 wt.%) and confirms an excess of V. Taking into account its composite
structure (brucite-like hydroxide layer alternating with a berndtite-type sulphide
layer) the proposed structural formula is, with the addition of minor intercalated
Cu:
[(Mg0.71Al0.36V0.03)Σ1.10(OH)2.18O0.02]Cu0.02
[VS2]. At the crystal scale, some crystal edges give a
variable excess of Si and Al (in the 1/1 ratio), indicating a late topotactic
intergrowth with a layered alumino-silicate (or a composite silicate-sulphide).
New specular reflectance data are given in air and oil from 400 to 800 nm, with
the polarization plane parallel or perpendicular to the elongation. The refractive
index n and absorption coefficient
k are given; no absorption band exists in the
perpendicular position, with constant n close to 1.9,
and k to 0.3. In a parallel position, a
pseudo-transparency window is centred around 500–520 nm (∼2.4 eV). The main
absorption band, centred around 730 nm (∼1.7 eV), corresponds probably to a
transition t2g → eg related to
intra-layer V-V bonding. Charge transfer from the brucite-type layer to the
VS2 one, strictly controlled through H-bonding, induces a
mean formal valency of V close to 3.6. Yushkinite is compared with other synthetic
layered hydroxy-sulphides, as well as brucite-type intercalated
compounds.