bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agreement between Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiological Collaboration and Berlin Initiative Study equations for estimating glomerular filtration rate in older people: The Invecchiare in Chianti (Aging in Chianti Region) study
Authors: Corsonello Andrea , Pedone Claudio , Bandinelli Stefania , Ferrucci Luigi , Antonelli Incalzi Raffaele 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimThe aim was to investigate to what extent chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be staged interchangeably by Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiological Collaboration (CKD‐EPI) and by Berlin Initiative Study (BIS) equations, and to verify whether cystatin C can improve concordance between formulas.MethodsOur series consisted of 828 community‐dwelling individuals aged 65 years or older enrolled in the Invecchiare in Chianti Study (“Aging in the Chianti Region”). Estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated using the creatinine‐based CKD‐EPI, creatinine/cystatin C‐based CKD‐EPI, creatinine‐based BIS and creatinine/cystatin C‐based BIS equations. Agreement and sources of discrepancy between equations in identifying people with different degrees of kidney dysfunction was investigated by κ statistic and Bland–Altman plots.ResultsOverall, CKD‐EPI values were higher than that obtained with BIS equations, especially for eGFR = 30–60 mL/min/1.73 m2. A total of 191 out of 828 participants were classified in stage 2 by the creatinine‐based CKD‐EPI and in stage 3a by the creatinine‐based BIS equation, whereas 123 participants were classified in stage 2 by creatinine/cystatin C‐based CKD‐EPI and in stage 3a by the creatinine/cystatin C‐based BIS equation. A total of 27 participants were classified in stage 3a by creatinine‐based CKD‐EPI and in stage 3b by creatinine‐based BIS equation, whereas 18 were classified as stage 3a by creatinine/cystatin C‐based CKD‐EPI and stage 3b by the creatinine/cystatin C‐based BIS equation.ConclusionsDespite a fair overall concordance, the CKD‐EPI and BIS equations cannot be considered interchangeable to assess estimated glomerular filtration rate in older people, and using creatinine/cystatin C‐based rather than creatinine‐based equations only marginally improves the concordance between CKD‐EPI and BIS. Disagreement between equations might significantly impact the applications of stage‐specific measures for managing CKD among older people. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1559–1567.
High fasting insulin concentrations may be a pivotal predictor for the severity of hepatic fibrosis beyond the glycemic status in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease patients before development of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Masuda Kosei , Noguchi Shuhei , Ono Masafumi , Ochi Tsunehiro , Munekage Kensuke , Okamoto Nobuto , Suganuma Narufumi , Saibara Toshiji 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundInsulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) contribute to the progression of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the relationship between glucose metabolic factors and the histological severity in NAFLD patients before development of T2DM is not well known.MethodsIn 103 biopsy‐proven NAFLD patients (68 men and 35 women) with hemoglobin A1c of <6.5% and fasting blood glucose of <126 mg/dL, we investigated whether glucose metabolic factors influenced the severity of hepatic fibrosis without prior known T2DM.ResultsFemale gender, age, serum aspartate aminotransferase, the aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio, fasting immunoreactive insulin (f‐IRI), homeostasis model assessment – insulin resistance, hemoglobin A1c, hyaluronic acid, and type IV collagen 7 s were significantly higher, and 1,5‐anhydroglucitol was significantly lower, in the fibrosis stage F3 group than in the F0–2 group. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that only f‐IRI (P = 0.006; odds ratio, 1.15151; 95% confidence interval, 1.04198–1.27254) was significantly indicated as a predictive factor for F3. As determined by both forward and backward stepwise selection analyses to optimize the model, f‐IRI (P = 0001; odds ratio, 1.16788) remained an independent predictive factor for F3. To discriminate the F3 group from the F0–2 group, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves showed that fasting insulin was 0.7219, and the best cut‐off value of f‐IRI was 13.2 μU/mL in the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.ConclusionsHigh fasting insulin concentrations may be a pivotal glucose metabolic predictor for the severity of hepatic fibrosis beyond the glycemic status in NAFLD patients before development of T2DM.
Effect of 12‐week dulaglutide therapy in Japanese patients with biopsy‐proven non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Seko Yuya , Sumida Yoshio , Tanaka Saiyu , Mori Kojiroh , Taketani Hiroyoshi , Ishiba Hiroshi , Hara Tasuku , Okajima Akira , Umemura Atsushi , Nishikawa Taichiro , Yamaguchi Kanji , Moriguchi Michihisa , Kanemasa Kazuyuki , Yasui Kohichiroh , Imai Shunsuke , Shimada Keiji , Itoh Yoshito 
Published: December 2016

AimsNo pharmacological therapies have been established for non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dulaglutide, a novel glucagon‐like peptidase‐1 receptor agonist, in Japanese NAFLD patients with T2DM.MethodsFifteen biopsy‐proven NAFLD patients with T2DM refractory to diet intervention who received once weekly dulaglutide 0.75 mg for 12 weeks were retrospectively enrolled after exclusion of two patients by 12 weeks. In five patients, transient elastography and body composition were also evaluated before and after the treatment.ResultsNot only body weight and hemoglobin A1c but also transaminase activities were significantly decreased after the 12‐week therapy with dulaglutide. Total body fat mass and liver stiffness measurement also decreased after the treatment.ConclusionDulaglutide, a new glucagon‐like peptidase‐1 receptor agonist, could be a novel promising agent for the treatment for NAFLD patients with T2DM due to its efficacy in body weight reduction, the nature of weekly injection, and patient preference. Prospective randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm this impact of dulaglutide on NAFLD with T2DM.
Neonatal exposure to ethinylestradiol increases ventral prostate growth and promotes epithelial hyperplasia and inflammation in adult male gerbils
Authors: Falleiros‐Júnior Luiz R. , Perez Ana P. S. , Taboga Sebastião R. , dos Santos Fernanda C. A. , Vilamaior Patrícia S. L. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThe aim of this study was to analyse morphologically the ventral prostate of adult Mongolian gerbils exposed to ethinylestradiol (EE) during the first week of postnatal development. Lactating females received daily, by gavage, doses of 10 μg/kg of EE diluted in 100 μl of mineral oil from the 1st to 10th postnatal day of the pups (EE group). In the control group (C), the lactating females received only the vehicle. Upon completing 120 days of age, the male offspring were euthanized and the prostates collected for analyses. We employed morphological, stereological‐morphometrical, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural methods. The results showed that the postnatal exposure to EE doubled the prostatic complex weight, increasing the epithelial and stromal compartments, in addition to the secretory activity of the ventral lobe of the prostate. All glands exposed to EE showed strong stromal remodelling, and some foci of epithelial hyperplasia and inflammatory infiltrate in both luminal and epithelial or stromal compartments. Cells positive for anti‐AR and anti‐PCNA reactions increased into the epithelial and stromal tissues. ERα‐positive cells, which are normally found in the stromal compartment of intact prostates, were frequently observed in the prostatic epithelium of treated animals. This study demonstrated that the exposure to EE during postnatal development causes histophysiological alterations in this gland, predisposing to the development of prostatic lesions during life. These results are important for public health, considering that women worldwide have commonly used EE. Moreover, the bioaccumulation of this chemical has increased in different ecosystems.
Plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone but not aldosterone is correlated with blood pressure in patients with aldosterone‐producing adenomas
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroki , Haketa Akira , Takahiro Ueno , Otsuka Hiromasa , Tanaka Sho , Hatanaka Yoshinari , Ikeda Yukihiro , Abe Masanori , Fukuda Noboru , Soma Masayoshi 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAlthough plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) varies depending on primary aldosteronism (PA) subtypes, patients with different subtypes may have similar blood pressure (BP). The authors hypothesized that hormones other than aldosterone might influence BP in PA patients. A total of 73 PA cases, including 30 cases of aldosterone‐producing adenomas (APAs), 29 cases of bilateral hyperaldosteronism, and 24 control cases of essential hypertension were enrolled retrospectively. The authors examined the levels of aldosterone, cortisol, renin, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) measured at 12 am, 6 am, 12 pm, and 6 pm and BP in the early morning (6 am to 7 am), late morning (9 am to 11 am), and early evening (5 pm to 7 pm). Results showed no statistically significant correlation between PAC and BP in the patients with PA; however, early and late morning systolic BP strongly correlated with ACTH at 6 am in patients with APA. These results suggest that hormones other than aldosterone, such as ACTH, may affect BP in patients with APA.
Determinants of hemoglobin A1c level in patients with type 2 diabetes after in‐hospital diabetes education: A study based on continuous glucose monitoring
Authors: Torimoto Keiichi , Okada Yosuke , Sugino Sachiko , Tanaka Yoshiya 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAims/IntroductionWe investigated the relationship between blood glucose profile at hospital discharge, evaluated by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level at 12 weeks after discharge in patients with type 2 diabetes who received inpatient diabetes education.Materials and MethodsThis was a retrospective study. The participants were 54 patients with type 2 diabetes who did not change their medication after discharge. The mean blood glucose (MBG), standard deviation, coefficient of variation, mean postprandial glucose excursion, maximum blood glucose, minimum blood glucose, percentage of time with blood glucose at ≥180 mg/dL (time at ≥180), percentage of time with blood glucose at ≥140 mg/dL, and percentage of time with blood glucose at <70 mg/dL were measured at admission and discharge using CGM. The primary end‐point was the relationship between CGM parameters and HbA1c level at 12 weeks after discharge.ResultsThe HbA1c level at 12 weeks after discharge correlated with MBG level (r = 0.30, P = 0.029). Multivariate analysis showed that MBG level and disease duration were predictors of 12‐week HbA1c level. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out considering goal achievement as a HbA1c level <7.0% 12 weeks after discharge. Disease duration and time at ≥180 were associated with goal achievement.ConclusionsThe present results suggested that blood glucose profile at discharge using CGM seems useful to predict HbA1c level after discharge in patients with type 2 diabetes who received inpatient diabetes education. Early treatment to improve MBG level, as well as postprandial hyperglycemia, is important to achieve strict glycemic control.
Genome‐wide association analyses of 54 traits identified multiple loci for the determination of floret fertility in wheat
Authors: Guo Zifeng , Chen Dijun , Alqudah Ahmad M. , Röder Marion S. , Ganal Martin W. , Schnurbusch Thorsten 
Published: December 2016

Summary

Increasing grain yield is still the main target of wheat breeding; yet today's wheat plants utilize less than half of their yield potential. Owing to the difficulty of determining grain yield potential in a large population, few genetic factors regulating floret fertility (i.e. the difference between grain yield potential and grain number) have been reported to date.

In this study, we conducted a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) by quantifying 54 traits (16 floret fertility traits and 38 traits for assimilate partitioning and spike morphology) in 210 European winter wheat accessions.

The results of this GWAS experiment suggested potential associations between floret fertility, assimilate partitioning and spike morphology revealed by shared quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Several candidate genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, phytohormones or floral development colocalized with such QTLs, thereby providing potential targets for selection.

Based on our GWAS results we propose a genetic network underlying floret fertility and related traits, nominating determinants for improved yield performance.
Effects of rinsing with arginine bicarbonate and urea solutions on initial enamel lesions in situ
Authors: Yu Y , Wang X , Ge C , Wang B , Cheng C , Gan Y‐H 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of rinsing with arginine or urea solution on initial enamel lesions in situ.MethodsFourteen subjects who wore mandibular removable partial dentures embedded with bovine enamel blocks with artificial enamel lesions were included. The experiment included four 4‐week rinsing periods with a 10‐day washout period between each rinsing period. In each rinsing period, the subjects rinsed after meal or snack using water, or 2% arginine bicarbonate, or 1% urea, or 0.05% NaF solution, five times daily. The mineralization changes of the enamel lesions were assessed using quantitative light‐induced fluorescence.ResultsAll groups except the water group showed a statistically significant decrease in the fluorescence loss after treatment, compared with their respective baseline. Although both the arginine group and urea group showed more decrease in fluorescence loss than that of the water group, the decrease was not statistically significantly different from that of the water group. The decrease in fluorescence loss of the NaF group was statistically significant than that of the water group, arginine group, and urea group.ConclusionRinsing with arginine or urea solution offers limited remineralizing benefit to enamel lesions over a period of 4‐week time.
Perioperative hypothermia in neonatal intensive care unit patients: effectiveness of a thermoregulation intervention and associated risk factors
Authors: Engorn Branden M. , Kahntroff Stephanie L. , Frank Karen M. , Singh Sarabdeep , Harvey Helen A. , Barkulis Charles T. , Barnett Annika M. , Olambiwonnu Olamide O. , Heitmiller Eugenie S. , Greenberg Robert S. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryBackgroundHypothermia in neonatal intensive care unit patients is associated with morbidity. Perioperative normothermia is the standard of care.AimsWe hypothesized that a quality improvement intervention (transport protocol, transport education, ongoing monitoring) would decrease the incidence of perioperative hypothermia. Secondarily, we hypothesized that patients undergoing surgery at a postmenstrual age of <37 weeks or at a weight of <1.5 kg would be at higher risk for perioperative hypothermia.MethodsLean Six Sigma methodology was used to institute a quality improvement intervention. In a retrospective chart review, we identified 708 cases for which the neonatal intensive care unit was the preoperative and postoperative destination and documented patient characteristics, including postoperative temperature. Cardiac surgical cases and cases with no postoperative temperature record were excluded.ResultsPatients in the postintervention group had a statistically significant decrease in hypothermia compared to those in the preintervention group (P < 0.001; OR: 0.17; 95% CI: 0.09–0.31). The absolute risk of hypothermia was 23% in the preintervention group and 6% in the postintervention group. Weight <1.5 kg on day of surgery (P = 0.45; OR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.16–2.24) and postmenstrual age (P = 0.91; OR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.33–3.98) were not risk factors. Odds of hypothermia were increased in patients undergoing interventional cardiology procedures (P = 0.003; OR: 17.77; 95% CI: 2.07–125.7).ConclusionsPerioperative hypothermia is a challenge in the care of neonatal intensive care unit patients; however, a thermoregulation intervention can decrease the incidence with sustained results. Future studies can examine why certain procedures have a tendency toward increased perioperative hypothermia, determine the relative value of quality improvement interventions, and characterize the morbidity and mortality associated with perioperative hypothermia in neonatal intensive care unit patients.
Comparative germination responses to water potential across different populations of Aegilops geniculata and cultivar varieties of Triticum durum and Triticum aestivum
Authors: Orsenigo S. , Guzzon F. , Abeli T. , Rossi G. , Vagge I. , Balestrazzi A. , Mondoni A. , Müller J. V. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Crop Wild Relatives are often used to improve crop quality and yields because they contain genetically important traits that can contribute to stress resistance and adaptation.

Seed germination of different populations of Aegilops geniculata Roth collected along a latitudinal gradient was studied under different drought stress in order to find populations suitable for improving drought tolerance in wheat. Different accessions of Aegilops neglecta Req. ex Bertol., Triticum aestivum L. and T. durum Desf. were used as comparison.

Under full hydration, germination was high in all populations, but increasing drought stress led to reduced and delayed germination. Significant differences in final germination and mean time to germinate were detected among populations. Wheat, durum wheat and the southern population of Ae. geniculata were not significantly affected by drought stress, germinating similarly under all treatments. However, seed germination of the northern populations of Ae. geniculata was significantly reduced under high water stress treatment. Differences between populations of the same species could not be explained by annual rainfall across populations’ distributions, but by rainfall during seed development and maturation.

Differences in the germination responses to drought found here highlight the importance of source populations as criteria for genotype selection for pre‐breeders.
Evaluation of an outpatient protocol in the treatment of canine parvoviral enteritis
Authors: Venn Emilee C. , Preisner Karolina , Boscan Pedro L. , Twedt David C. , Sullivan Lauren A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo compare 2 treatment protocols (standard in‐hospital versus modified outpatient) in affecting the duration of treatment or survival of dogs with parvoviral enteritis.DesignProspective, randomized study.SettingUniversity teaching hospital.AnimalsClient‐owned dogs with naturally acquired parvovirus were randomized to receive either an inpatient (n = 20) or outpatient (n = 20) treatment protocol.InterventionsBoth groups received intravenous (IV) fluid resuscitation and correction of hypoglycemia at hospital admission. Following stabilization, basic inpatient interventions included administration of IV fluids, administration of cefoxitin (22 mg/kg IV q 8 h), and maropitant (1 mg/kg IV q 24 h). Basic outpatient interventions (provided in‐hospital) included administration of subcutaneous (SC) fluid (30 mL/kg q 6 h), administration of maropitant (1 mg/kg SC q 24 h) and cefovecin (8 mg/kg SC once). Using daily electrolyte and glucose evaluations, dextrose and potassium supplementation was provided intravenously (inpatients) or orally (outpatients) as indicated. Rescue criteria were used in both groups for analgesia and nausea. All dogs were syringe fed a commercial canine convalescence diet (1 mL/kg PO q 6 h) until voluntary appetite returned.Measurements and Main ResultsProtocol success, defined as survival to hospital discharge, was 90% (18/20) for the inpatient group compared to 80% (16/20) for the outpatient group (P = 0.66). There was no difference detected in duration of hospitalization for inpatient dogs (4.6 ± 2 days) versus outpatient dogs (3.8 ± 1.8 days, P = 0.20). Metabolic disturbances were frequent in the outpatient group, with 50% of dogs requiring dextrose supplementation and 60% of dogs requiring potassium supplementation.ConclusionsAn outpatient protocol may be a reasonable alternative for dogs that cannot receive standard in‐hospital treatment for parvoviral enteritis. Diligent supportive care and monitoring are still required to optimize treatment of dogs with parvoviral enteritis in an outpatient setting.
Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Leptospira Seropositivity in Beef Cattle, Sheep and Deer Farmers in New Zealand
Authors: Sanhueza J. M. , Heuer C. , Wilson P. R. , Benschop J. , Collins‐Emerson J. M. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryLeptospirosis is a global zoonosis that in New Zealand affects primarily people occupationally exposed to livestock. The objective of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of five Leptospira serovars in farmers working on cattle, sheep and deer farms that had the serological status of animals previously assessed and to identify risk factors for farmer seropositivity. A total of 178 farmers from 127 properties participated in the study. Blood samples were tested using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for the presence of antibodies to Leptospira. Samples with a MAT titre ≥48 were considered seropositive. Using Bayesian statistical analysis, the median seroprevalence of Leptospira, all serovars combined, was estimated to be 6.6% (95% probability interval (PI) 3.6–10.9%). Risk factors associated with seropositivity were assisting deer or cattle calving, farming deer, having ≥25% of flat terrain and high abundance of wild deer on farm, while high possum abundance on farm was negatively associated with seropositivity. No association was observed between farmer serostatus and previously recorded livestock serology. Leptospira seropositivity was associated with influenza‐like illness of farmers (RR = 1.7; 95% PI 1.0–2.5). Assuming a causal relationship, this suggested an annual risk of 1.3% (95% PI 0.0–3.0%) of influenza‐like illnesses due to Leptospira infection in the population of farmers. The association between seropositivity and disease can be used to estimate the public health burden of leptospirosis in New Zealand. Identifying and understanding risk factors for Leptospira seropositivity can inform preventive measures, hence contributing to the reduction of leptospirosis incidence in farmers.