bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic mesh repair of a labial hernia
Authors: Grange Philippe , Shakir Fevzi , Thiagamoorthy Ganesh , Araklitis George , Robinson Dudley , Cardozo Linda 
Published: November 2017

AimsTo present a narrated video designed to demonstrate the steps involved in a laparoscopic mesh repair of a labial hernia.MethodsThis was in a 76‐year‐old woman who presented with a small bowel hernia in to her left labium majus. In 2014 she had a robotically assisted radical cystectomy for bladder cancer with anterior exenteration. She developed the hernia in February 2015 and initially a vaginal approach was attempted to repair the hernia (with layered non‐absorbable sutures to close the fascia over the defect) at her local hospital, although this was unsuccessful. A laparoscopic repair with mesh on the 10 May 2016 was undertaken at our unit.ResultsThis was a complex case requiring a multi disciplinary approach and individualised care. The need for a mesh was obvious: however, the use of both synthetic and biological meshes to achieve an optimum result was unique and highly successful.ConclusionIn this instance a minimally invasive laparoscopic approach where initial adhesiolysis was performed and then a synthetic mesh sandwiched in between two biological porcine meshes provided a unique management solution. The patient was seen 8 weeks post operatively and at 14 months after the procedure. She had complete resolution of her symptoms with no residual hernia.
Diversity of Thermogenic Capacity Predicts Divergent Obesity Susceptibility in a Wild Rodent
Authors: Zhang Xue‐Ying , Shen Wei , Liu Ding‐Zhen , Wang De‐Hua 
Published: November 2017

ObjectiveThe objective of the present study was to examine whether wild rodents exhibit diverse obesity susceptibility and what factors predispose subjects to this divergence in response to a high‐fat diet (HFD).MethodsSixty male and female Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii) were fed an HFD for 8 weeks, and the upper (obesity prone [OP]) and lower (obesity resistant [OR]) one‐third for mass gain were selected. Energy budgets and pathologic changes were measured. Another 30 males were fed a low‐fat control diet (LFD) for 10 weeks and then fed an HFD for 12 weeks. The energetic parameters of the rodents on an LFD were analyzed for the correlation with body mass of the rodents on an HFD.ResultsOP voles had higher energy intakes, higher levels of noradrenaline‐induced nonshivering thermogenesis, and a greater impairment of insulin tolerance than OR voles. Unlike laboratory rodents, there were no differences in physical activity or resting metabolic rate between these groups of voles. The thermogenic capacity during LFD feeding was the strongest predictor for mass gain during HFD feeding.ConclusionsThis study suggests that a wild rodent species of Brandt's voles exhibits diverse obesity susceptibility in reaction to an HFD, providing a natural model to give insight into the mechanisms for divergent obesity susceptibility. This study also indicates that maximum thermogenic capacity has a predictive power for the development of obesity when an HFD was available.
Needle‐Leaf‐Like Cu2Mo6S8 Films for Highly Efficient Visible‐Light Photocatalysis
Authors: Hong Xiaodan , Liu Qun , Iocozzia James , Gong Cheng , Kong Lingqing , Liu Xiangyang , Ye Meidan , Lin Zhiqun 
Published: November 2017

AbstractTernary sulfide Cu2Mo6S8 films with needle‐leaf‐like structures are grown on copper plates via a facile two‐step route. The needle‐leaf‐like Cu2Mo6S8 structures are directly converted from pregrown Cu(OH)2 nanowires on copper plates via a hydrothermal process. Interestingly, under visible light the hierarchically structured Cu2Mo6S8 films exhibit significantly improved photocatalytic performance in the degradation of methylene blue dye when compared to Cu(OH)2 nanowires. This result is attributed to the larger surface area from the dendritic Cu2Mo6S8 structures and the inherently faster charge transport rate of Cu2Mo6S8 as compared to Cu(OH)2.
Safety evaluation of p‐synephrine following 15 days of oral administration to healthy subjects: A clinical study
Authors: Shara Mohd , Stohs Sidney J. , Smadi Mahmoud M. 
Published: November 2017

Extracts of bitter orange (BOE, Citrus aurantium L.) and its primary protoalkaloid p‐synephrine are extensively consumed as dietary supplements. p‐Synephrine is also present in foods and juices prepared from various Citrus species. The safety of p‐synephrine has been questioned as a result of structural similarities with ephedrine. This study assessed the cardiovascular (stimulant) and hemodynamic effects of BOE (49 mg p‐synephrine) daily given to 16 healthy subjects for 15 days in a placebo‐controlled, cross‐over, double‐blinded study. A physical evaluation by a cardiologist, as well as heart rates, blood pressures, and electrocardiograms were determined, and blood samples were drawn at baseline, and Days 5, 10, and 15. Serum levels for caffeine and p‐synephrine were measured at 1 and 2 weeks. Subjects completed a 10‐item health and metabolic questionnaire at baseline and on Day 15. No significant changes occurred in heart rate, electrocardiograms, systolic blood or diastolic pressures, blood cell counts, or blood chemistries in either the control or p‐synephrine treated groups at any time point. No adverse effects were reported in response to the bitter orange (p‐synephrine). Caffeine consumed by the participants varied markedly. Under these experimental conditions, BOE and p‐synephrine were without stimulant (cardiovascular) and adverse effects.
Optimal fabrication methods for miniature coplanar ion traps
Authors: Decker Trevor K. , Tian Yuan , McClellan Joshua S. , Bennett Linsey , Lammert Stephen A. , Austin Daniel E. , Hawkins Aaron R. 
Published: November 2017

RationaleIon trap mass spectrometers are beneficial due to their intrinsic sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, a portable version for in situ analysis of various compounds is very attractive. Miniaturization of ion traps is paramount for the portability of such mass spectrometers.MethodsWe developed an optimized design for a planar linear ion trap mass spectrometer, consisting of two trapping plates with photolithographically patterned electrodes. Each plate is constructed using a machined glass substrate and standard microfabrication procedures. The plates are attached to a patterned circuit board via wire bonds then positioned approximately 5 mm apart.ResultsTrapped ions are detected by ejecting them through tapered slits, which alleviate charge buildup. Mass analysis can be performed through either boundary or resonant ion ejection. Better than unit mass resolution is demonstrated with resonant ejection.ConclusionsThe optimized planar linear ion trap provides good resolution and the potential for further miniaturization. This was accomplished by vigorously testing variables associated with ion trap design including electrical connections, substrate materials, and electrode designs.
N and O isotope (δ15Nα, δ15Nβ, δ18O, δ17O) analyses of dissolved NO3− and NO2− by the Cd‐azide reduction method and N2O laser spectrometry
Authors: Wassenaar Leonard I. , Douence Cedric , Altabet Mark A. , Aggarwal Pradeep K. 
Published: November 2017

RationaleThe nitrogen and oxygen (δ15N, δ18O, δ17O) isotopic compositions of NO3− and NO2− are important tracers of nutrient dynamics in soil, rain, groundwater and oceans. The Cd‐azide method was used to convert NO3− or NO2− to N2O for N and triple‐O isotopic analyses by N2O laser spectrometry. A protocol for laser‐based headspace isotope analyses was compared with isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Lasers provide the ability to directly measure 17O anomalies which can help discern atmospheric N sources.Methodsδ15N, δ18O and δ17O values were measured on N/O stable isotopic reference materials (IAEA, USGS) by conversion to N2O using the Cd‐azide method and headspace N2O laser spectrometry. A 15N tracer test assessed the position‐specific routing of N to the α or β positions in the N2O molecule. A data processing algorithm was used to correct for isotopic dependencies on N2O concentration, cavity pressure and water content.ResultsNO3−/NO2− nitrogen is routed to the 15Nα position of N2O in the azide reaction; hence the δ15Nα value should be used for N2O laser spectrometry results. With corrections for cavity pressure, N2O concentration and water content, the δ15NαAIR, δ18OVSMOW and δ17OVSMOW values (‰) of international reference materials were +4.8 ± 0.1, +25.9 ± 0.3, +12.7 ± 0.2 (IAEA NO3), −1.7 ± 0.1, −26.8 ± 0.8, −14.4 ± 1.1 (USGS34) and +2.6 ± 0.1, +57.6 ± 1.2, +51.2 ± 2.0 (USGS35), in agreement with their values and with the isotope ratio mass spectrometry results. The 17O excess for USGS35 was +21.2 ± 9‰, in good agreement with previous results.ConclusionsThe Cd‐azide method yielded excellent results for routine determination of δ15N, δ18O and δ17O values (and the 17O excess) of nitrate or nitrite by laser spectrometry. Disadvantages are the toxicity of Cd‐azide chemicals and the lack of automated sampling devices for N2O laser spectrometers. The 15N‐enriched tracer test revealed potential for position‐specific experimentation of aqueous nutrient dynamics at high 15N enrichments by laser spectrometry, but exposed the need for memory corrections and improved spectral deconvolution of 17O.
Pericyclic Reactions for Anti‐HPV Antivirals: Unconventional Nucleoside Analogue Synthesis via Nitrosocarbonyl Chemistry
Authors: Al‐Saad Dalya , Memeo Misal Giuseppe , Quadrelli Paolo 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA new adenine derivative is prepared through the chemistry of nitrosocarbonyl intermediates. The synthesis relies upon the functionalization of adenine by inserting an ester moiety, to be transformed into the corresponding hydroxamic acid. The oxidation conducted in situ in the presence of cyclopentadiene afforded the hetero Diels‐Alder cycloadduct, furtherly elaborated to give the target nucleoside analogue. This single product displayed a selective high activity against HPV. The EC50 and EC90 values are remarkably lower than the values collected for Cidofovir used as control drug. The EC50 is 39 times lower while the CC50 value is 97.11 μM.
Facile Synthesis of Halloysite Nanotubes‐Supported Acidic Metal‐Organic Frameworks with Tunable Acidity for Efficient Fructose Dehydration to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Liu Meng , Zhang Yunlei , Zhu Enwei , Jin Pei , Wang Kai , Zhao Jiaojiao , Li Chunxiang , Yan Yongsheng 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this work, a novel composite solid acid catalyst, i. e. PVP‐HNTs@UiO‐66‐SO3H−X (X=0.5, 1, 2, 3), was obtained in the first time. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) modified halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was employed as the carrier for immobilizing acidic metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) of UiO‐66‐SO3H−X, where X stands the amount of immobilized acidic MOFs. By simply varying the ratio of supporter and acidic MOFs, the acid functional sites of composite solid acid catalyst can be effectively adjusted. Then the obtained composite solid acid catalyst was well characterized and systematically investigated in the fructose to 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) transformation. Under the optimized reaction conditions, with the presence of PVP‐HNTs@UiO‐66‐SO3H‐2, the 92.4% HMF yield was obtained. What's more, the PVP‐HNTs@UiO‐66‐SO3H‐2 can be easily recycled at least five times without significant loss of activity.
Saccharomyces interspecies hybrids as model organisms for studying yeast adaptation to stressful environments
Authors: Lopandic Ksenija 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe strong development of molecular biology techniques and next‐generation sequencing technologies in the last two decades has significantly improved our understanding of the evolutionary history of Saccharomyces yeasts. It has been shown that many strains isolated from man‐made environments are not pure genetic lines, but contain genetic materials from different species that substantially increase their genome complexity. A number of strains have been described as interspecies hybrids, implying different yeast species that under specific circumstances exchange and recombine their genomes. Such fusing usually results in a wide variety of alterations at the genetic and chromosomal levels. The observed changes have suggested a high genome plasticity and a significant role of interspecies hybridization in the adaptation of yeasts to environmental stresses and industrial processes. There is a high probability that harsh wine and beer fermentation environments, from which the majority of interspecies hybrids have been isolated so far, influence their selection and stabilization as well as their genomic and phenotypic heterogeneity. The lessons we have learned about geno‐ and phenotype plasticity and the diversity of natural and commercial yeast hybrids have already had a strong impact on the development of artificial hybrids that can be successfully used in the fermentation‐based food and beverage industry. The creation of artificial hybrids through the crossing of strains with desired attributes is a possibility to obtain a vast variety of new, but not genetically modified yeasts with a range of improved and beneficial traits. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Refining the Definitions of Biochemical and Clinical Cure for Primary Aldosteronism Using the Primary Aldosteronism Surgical Outcome (PASO) Classification System
Authors: Miller B. S. , Turcu A. F. , Nanba A. T. , Hughes D. T. , Cohen M. S. , Gauger P. G. , Auchus R. J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIntroductionDetermination of outcomes after adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronism (PA) is limited by the lack of standardized definitions of cure. The Primary Aldosteronism Surgical Outcomes (PASO) group recently established new consensus definitions for biochemical and clinical cure of PA. We hypothesize that utilization of PASO definitions will better stratify patient outcomes after surgery compared to original and current criteria utilized to document cure.Materials and MethodsPatients undergoing adrenalectomy for PA from 1996 to 2016 were studied. Clinical data were reviewed. Three different sets of criteria (original, current, and PASO) were evaluated for differences in documentation of cure. Demographic data were reported as median (range). Comparisons were made using the Mann–Whitney U test; p < 0.05 is significant.ResultsA total of 314 patients with PA were identified. Ninety patients (60 males) elected to proceed with surgery. In Group 1 (35 patients), 30 patients had clinical follow‐up and 29 (97%) were cured using original criteria. In Group 2 (55 patients), cure was recorded in 98% when original criteria for cure were applied, 89% cured applying current criteria, and 6% had complete biochemical and clinical cure by PASO criteria. Aldosterone rose 3.6 ng/dL (0.1–34.8) in five patients during extended follow‐up, with two patients changing from complete to partial or missing biochemical success.ConclusionSignificant heterogeneity exists in outcomes criteria utilized to document cure or clinical improvement after adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronism. Aldosterone levels change over time after adrenalectomy. PASO definitions of cure appear to allow for improved stratification of short‐ and long‐term outcomes.
Are two brands better than one? Investigating the effects of co-branding in advertising on audience memory
Authors: Nguyen Cathy , Romaniuk Jenni , Faulkner Margaret , Cohen Justin 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Co-branded advertising, where advertisements feature two partnered brands from different categories, should ideally benefit both brands. We test this assertion by studying the effect of featuring a second brand in advertisements on ad and brand name memorability, and the role of category context on which brand is recalled. Our test covers online display advertisements for consumer-packaged brands paired with charity and retailer brands in three markets (USA, UK, and Australia). Independent sample comparisons across 54 brand pairs show that advertising two brands has a neutral effect on ad memorability and negative effect on brand memorability. Furthermore, the advertisement’s category context determines which of the brands is recalled. Our findings support a competitive interference theory of dual-brand processing, whereby the two brands compete for attention resources. The results have implications for the return on investment from advertising expenditure, which will vary substantively depending on whether the costs of advertising are shared or borne by one brand in the pair.
Toward a New Social Contract? The Participation of Civil Society in Swedish Welfare Policymaking, 1958–2012
Authors: Lundberg Erik 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn contribution to current debates on the changing roles and responsibilities of civil society in welfare state arrangements, I examined the participation of various types of civil society organizations in national welfare policymaking in Sweden between 1958 and 2012. Drawing upon an extensive dataset of over 1400 civil society, state, and for-profit organizations, I tested three claims related to the role and responsibility of civil society in the governance of welfare: the changing balance between corporatist and welfare organizations, the shift from voice to service, and another shift from nonprofit organizations to FPOs. My results revealed weak but emerging trends aligned with changing patterns of corporatism and the marketization of Sweden’s welfare system. However, support for any shift from voice to service remains uncertain.
History, providence and the apocalyptic Paul
Authors: Macaskill Grant 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe debate concerning the apocalyptic Paul has been narrowly focused on the continuity/discontinuity of historical events in his writings, but if this question is to be considered theologically, it must be seen to concern a specific or localisedpartof God's relationship with creation, as classically understood in terms of ‘providence’. Because it informs all talk of God's involvement with the cosmos, providence establishes necessary linkages between otherwise separate concepts. Relocating the debate within the framework of providence allows the seemingly irreconcilable claims made on each side to be relativised, such that each may be seen as valid when understood to represent distinct areas within a bigger account of the relationship of God and cosmos. At the same time, this recognition necessarily constrains the language with which the claims ought to be made. All of this provides a safeguarded space within which the details of the Pauline texts can be considered without the risk of naïve naturalisation.
The primacy of patrimony: kinship strategies of the political elite of Turin in the late Middle Ages (1340–1490)
Authors: GRAVELA MARTA 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTCombining family history and the analysis of political elites, this article explores the development of the urban elite of Turin (Piedmont) in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, through an analysis of the transformations in the kinships forming the ruling class, with particular regard to their structures and strategies for social and economic reproduction. The deep changes that affected this group and eventually led to its extinction and replacement by a new elite are addressed. It is argued that, alongside institutional rearrangements determined by the Dukes of Savoy, the inheritance strategies pursued by the kinships in order to preserve their economic and political role played a crucial part in their demise.
Recent advances in empirical analysis on growth and environment: introduction
Authors: Halkos George , Managi Shunsuke 
Published: November 2017

AbstractRecently, there has been significant research interest in the empirical formulations of the environment-income relationship using both global and disaggregated data. Advances in methods and availability of better and more extensive data make the old topic of growth and environment a unique field for Environment and Development Economics, among other journals. Conventionally, the environmental Kuznets curve has been important in testing for emissions of many pollutants in many different countries. Now, policy and institutional data including transparency variables are available, making many social and economic factors interesting for policy analysts. In light of these advances, and the existing associated empirical problems in analyzing the income-environment relationship, the key findings of each paper in this special issue are discussed and connected to the related areas of research interest.
Odd viscosity in chiral active fluids
Authors: Banerjee Debarghya , Souslov Anton , Abanov Alexander G. , Vitelli Vincenzo 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe study the hydrodynamics of fluids composed of self-spinning objects such as chiral grains or colloidal particles subject to torques. These chiral active fluids break both parity and time-reversal symmetries in their non-equilibrium steady states. As a result, the constitutive relations of chiral active media display a dissipationless linear-response coefficient called odd (or equivalently, Hall) viscosity. This odd viscosity does not lead to energy dissipation, but gives rise to a flow perpendicular to applied pressure. We show how odd viscosity arises from non-linear equations of hydrodynamics with rotational degrees of freedom, once linearized around a non-equilibrium steady state characterized by large spinning speeds. Next, we explore odd viscosity in compressible fluids and suggest how our findings can be tested in the context of shock propagation experiments. Finally, we show how odd viscosity in weakly compressible chiral active fluids can lead to density and pressure excess within vortex cores.
GWAS for male-pattern baldness identifies 71 susceptibility loci explaining 38% of the risk
Authors: Pirastu Nicola , Joshi Peter K. , de Vries Paul S. , Cornelis Marilyn C. , McKeigue Paul M. , Keum NaNa , Franceschini Nora , Colombo Marco , Giovannucci Edward L. , Spiliopoulou Athina , Franke Lude , North Kari E. , Kraft Peter , Morrison Alanna C. , Esko Tõnu , Wilson James F. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMale pattern baldness (MPB) or androgenetic alopecia is one of the most common conditions affecting men, reaching a prevalence of ~50% by the age of 50; however, the known genes explain little of the heritability. Here, we present the results of a genome-wide association study including more than 70,000 men, identifying 71 independently replicated loci, of which 30 are novel. These loci explain 38% of the risk, suggesting that MPB is less genetically complex than other complex traits. We show that many of these loci contain genes that are relevant to the pathology and highlight pathways and functions underlying baldness. Finally, despite only showing genome-wide genetic correlation with height, pathway-specific genetic correlations are significant for traits including lifespan and cancer. Our study not only greatly increases the number of MPB loci, illuminating the genetic architecture, but also provides a new approach to disentangling the shared biological pathways underlying complex diseases.