bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploratory study to evaluate plasma vasopressin and apelin‐13 levels in children with attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Bilgiç Ayhan , Toker Aysun , Uysal Saliha 
Published: June 2016

AimVasopressin exerts robust influences on social communication and behavior in humans. Apelin is a relatively novel neuropeptide that could counteract vasopressin's actions and has been shown to be closely related with a broad range of physiological functions. Abnormalities in vasopressin and apelin have been detected in a variety of psychiatric disorders, but their relation to attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is unknown. In the present study, we explored the plasma levels of vasopressin and apelin‐13 in children with ADHD.MethodsThirty‐four children with ADHD and 36 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The severity of ADHD symptoms was assessed via Conners’ Parent Rating Scale and Conners’ Teacher Rating Scale. Plasma levels of vasopressin and apelin‐13 were measured using commercial enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kits.ResultsThe mean plasma apelin‐13 levels were significantly higher in male children with ADHD than in male control subjects; no significant difference was found between the groups for plasma apelin‐13 levels in girls or in the entire subject cohort. Plasma vasopressin levels did not show any significant differences between groups. There were no significant correlations between plasma levels of these neuropeptides and scores for Conners’ Parent Rating Scale and Conners’ Teacher Rating Scale.ConclusionOur results suggest a sex‐specific association between plasma apelin‐13 levels and ADHD. Apelin‐13 may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of ADHD either with a direct impact on the apelin receptor or via its opposing effect on the vasopressinergic system.
A Report of Two Patients with Darier Disease and Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Authors: Ornelas Jennifer , Sivamani Raja , Awasthi Smita 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe report two unique cases of patients with Darier disease and hidradenitis suppurativa. Although it is unknown whether there is a connection between the two diseases, it is possible that an interaction between sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium transport ATPase and Notch homolog 1, translocation‐associated (Drosophila) caused both diseases in these individuals.
Optimized Rail Grinding Through Dynamic Positioning and Powering of Grinding Motors
Authors: Hartsough Christopher M. , Palese Joseph W. , Schmitzer Gabriel , Espindola Jean Carlos , Viana Thiago Gomes 
Published: June 2016

Rail grinding has become a widely accepted practice in the railroad industry to not only remove surface defects but to also shape the head of the rail to achieve a specific wheel/rail contact interface. Optimal wheel/rail contact is paramount for a variety of reasons including (but not limited to): reduced rail wear and fatigue defects with associated increased rail life, improved steering, and reduced wheel/rail noise. Historically, the process of profile grinding has been performed through the selection of a grinding pattern from a predefined library of preset motor angles and power settings, as well as grinder traveling speed. By applying calibrated metal removal equations created to estimate the metal removal of a single grinding stone on a specific grinding vehicle and a measured shape of the rail, it is possible to iteratively create a grinding pattern and estimate the post-grind rail shape in both real-time and offline. These dynamically created grinding patterns position and power grinding motors to remove metal only where it needs to be removed to achieve the desired rail shape (template). Over grinding and extraneous grinding is minimized using this grind optimization technique.
The concept of dynamic rail grinding pattern generation was applied to optimize grinding for the VLI railroad in Brazil. Based on a survey of both wheel profiles and rail profiles throughout the VLI network (in which digital coordinates of the transverse cross-sections were recorded using handheld profile measurement devices), new rail grinding templates (desired rail shape dependent upon rail curvature and elevation) were developed to control the wheel/rail interface. These new rail grinding templates were aligned to measured rail profiles categorized by curvature and high/low rail types to create representative average metal removal curves. The resulting metal removal curves were then used as inputs to the dynamic grinding pattern generation functions to create custom grinding patterns specifically calibrated to the grinder in operation on VLI.
Results showed that applying dynamic grinding pattern generation resulted in increased productivity of the grinder (faster speeds and less passes) with corresponding improvement of the post-grind rail shape, i.e., increased quality of the final rail shape.
This paper will discuss the background theory behind dynamic pattern generation and how it can be applied to normal grinding operations. Additionally, an application of this process will be presented which utilized dynamic pattern generation to create targeted corrective grinding patterns for the VLI railroad.
Dynamic Load Augment From Steam Locomotives
Authors: Fairbanks Gary , Weisinger Harold , Zuiderveen Steven , Prabhakaran Anand , Buel Tanner 
Published: June 2016

Railroad bridges experience dynamic wheel load augment from rolling stock that cross the bridges, due to nominal bridge and suspension dynamics, as well as anomalies such as wheel flats. The level of dynamic augment is particularly high for steam locomotives due to the hammer blow effect associated with the driven wheels. Tests conducted in the early-mid 20th century had quantified some of these effects, and the resulting findings have been part of the impact formulae presented in the AREMA Railway Engineering Manual.
However, there was concern that the impact associated with some of the non-cross counter-balanced, lighter, older locomotives, could be higher than specified by AREMA formulae. This paper describes the methodology and results from a series of tests that evaluated the levels of dynamic augment experienced by railroad track and an exemplar bridge under a set of narrow gauge steam locomotives, and compares the measurements to the design values specified in the AREMA Manual. Vertical and lateral loads on railroad track, and strain levels on multiple critical bridge members were measured under three different classes of light, narrow gauge steam locomotives, over a range of operating speeds and conditions. The tests were conducted on a 120 ft span, through truss bridge, and adjacent track on a tourist railroad.
Dynamic augment values measured during the tests were generally lower than the values expected from AREMA formulae. Similarly, the peak lateral loads measured appear to be nominal and lower than the AREMA prescribed values. However, it should be kept in mind that these results are from tests conducted with three relatively light, narrow gauge locomotives, on specific bridge and track, whereas, the AREMA formulae are intended to cover a wider range of conditions. These tests tend to show that the legacy standards are conservative and are applicable to calculating regulatory required bridge loads where steam locomotives are concerned.
Technical Note: Gray tracking in medical color displays—A report of Task Group 196
Authors: Badano Aldo , Wang Joel , Boynton Paul , Le Callet Patrick , Cheng Wei‐Chung , Deroo Danny , Flynn Michael J. , Matsui Takashi , Penczek John , Revie Craig , Samei Ehsan , Steven Peter M. , Swiderski Stan , Van Hoey Gert , Yamaguchi Matsuhiro , Hasegawa Mikio , Nagy Balázs Vince 
Published: June 2016

Purpose:The authors discuss measurement methods and instrumentation useful for the characterization of the gray tracking performance of medical color monitors for diagnostic applications. The authors define gray tracking as the variability in the chromaticity of the gray levels in a color monitor.Methods:The authors present data regarding the capability of color measurement instruments with respect to their abilities to measure a target white point corresponding to the CIE Standard Illuminant D65 at different luminance values within the grayscale palette of a medical display. The authors then discuss evidence of significant differences in performance among color measurement instruments currently available for medical physicists to perform calibrations and image quality checks for the consistent representation of color in medical displays. In addition, the authors introduce two metrics for quantifying grayscale chromaticity consistency of gray tracking.Results:The authors’ findings show that there is an order of magnitude difference in the accuracy of field and reference instruments. The gray tracking metrics quantify how close the grayscale chromaticity is to the chromaticity of the full white point (equal amounts of red, green, and blue at maximum level) or to consecutive levels (equal values for red, green, and blue), with a lower value representing an improved grayscale tracking performance. An illustrative example of how to calculate and report the gray tracking performance according to the Task Group definitions is provided.Conclusions:The authors’ proposed methodology for characterizing the grayscale degradation in chromaticity for color monitors that can be used to establish standards and procedures aiding in the quality control testing of color displays and color measurement instrumentation.
Accuracy of a dose‐area product compared to an absorbed dose to water at a point in a 2 cm diameter field
Authors: Dufreneix S. , Ostrowsky A. , Rapp B. , Daures J. , Bordy J. M. 
Published: June 2016

Purpose:Graphite calorimeters with a core diameter larger than the beam can be used to establish dosimetric references in small fields. The dose‐area product (DAP) measured can theoretically be linked to an absorbed dose at a point by the determination of a profile correction. This study aims at comparing the DAP‐based protocol to the usual absorbed dose at a point protocol in a 2 cm diameter field for which both references exist.Methods:Two calorimeters were used, respectively, with a sensitive volume of 0.6 cm (for the absorbed dose at a point measurement) and 3 cm diameter (for the DAP measurement). Profile correction was calculated from a 2D dose mapping using three detectors: a PinPoint chamber, a synthetic diamond, and EBT3 films. A specific protocol to read EBT3 films was implemented and the dose‐rate and energy dependences were studied to assure a precise measurement, especially in the penumbra and out‐of‐field regions.Results:EBT3 films were found independent on dose rates over the range studied but showed a strong under‐response (18%) at low energies. Depending on the dosimeter used for calculating the profile correction, a deviation of 0.8% (PinPoint chamber), 0.9% (diamond), or 1.9% (EBT3 films) was observed between the calibration coefficient derived from DAP measurements and the one directly established in terms of absorbed dose to water at a point.Conclusions:The DAP method can currently be linked to the classical dosimetric reference system based in an absorbed dose at a point only with a confidence interval of 95% (k = 2). None of the detectors studied can be used to determine an absorbed dose to water at a point from a DAP measurement with an uncertainty smaller than 1.2%.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Basidiomycetous Fungus
Flammulina velutipes
TR19
Authors: Kurata Atsushi , Fukuta Yasuhisa , Mori Miho , Kishimoto Noriaki , Shirasaka Norifumi 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Flammulina velutipes
TR19, which was newly isolated from commercial strains in Japan. The genes related to fruiting body formation in the basidiomycete were identified by whole-genome analysis.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Clinical Isolate of Enterobacter asburiae
Authors: Liu Feng , Yang Jian , Xiao Yan , Li Li , Yang Fan , Jin Qi 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here the complete genome sequence of
Enterobacter asburiae
strain ENIPBJ-CG1, isolated from a bone marrow transplant patient. The size of the genome sequence is approximately 4.65 Mb, with a G+C content of 55.76%, and it is predicted to contain 4,790 protein-coding genes.
Draft Genome Sequence of Carbaryl-Degrading Soil Isolate
Pseudomonas
sp. Strain C5pp
Authors: Trivedi Vikas D. , Jangir Pramod Kumar , Sharma Rakesh , Phale Prashant S. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genome sequence of carbaryl-degrading
Pseudomonas
sp. strain C5pp. Genes encoding salicylate and gentisate metabolism, large amounts of oxygenase, nitrogen metabolism, and heavy metal tolerance were identified. The sequence will provide further insight into the biochemical and evolutionary aspects of carbaryl degradation.
Chromosome and Plasmids of the Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever Agent Borrelia hermsii
Authors: Barbour Alan G. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

The zoonotic pathogen
Borrelia hermsii
bears its multiple paralogous genes for variable antigens on several linear plasmids. Application of combined long-read and short-read next-generation sequencing provided complete sequences for antigen-encoding plasmids as well as other linear and circular plasmids and the linear chromosome of the genome.
Trajectories of maternal gestational weight gain and child cognition assessed at 5 years of age in a prospective cohort study
Authors: Hinkle Stefanie N , Albert Paul S , Sjaarda Lindsey A , Grewal Jagteshwar , Grantz Katherine L 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundThere has been concern that low gestational weight gain may cause poor fetal neurodevelopment.MethodsThe association between maternal weight gain and child IQ was examined using serial antenatal weight measurements (median 12) from a prospective cohort of non-obese Scandinavian women (1986–1988). Linear mixed models with piecewise regression were used to estimate participants’ (n=552) trimester-specific average rate of weight gain. Linear regression was used to assess the association between weight gain and children's (n=344) full-scale, performance and verbal IQ measured at age 5 using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scales of Intelligence-Revised.ResultsChildren born to mothers who gained below versus within the 2nd trimester 2009 recommendations tended to have lower IQ scores (Full-scale: 106.6 (SD 15.1) vs 110.2 (15.2), p=0.04; verbal: 102.5 (14.3) vs 105.0 (14.9), p=0.10; performance: 109.5 (15.4) vs 113.4 (14.5), p=0.03). After adjustment there were no differences in child IQ by weight gain adequacy (full-scale: βbelow=−1.1 (95% CI −5.1 to 2.9), βabove=1.5 (−3.8 to 6.8); verbal: βbelow=−0.2 (−3.1 to 2.6), βabove=1.8 (−3.6 to 7.3); performance βbelow=−1.2 (−4.6 to 2.2), βabove=1.0 (−4.6 to 6.7)). No differences were observed based on 3rd trimester adequacy. No differences were observed in IQ scores by quintile of weight gain for any trimester, particularly after adjustment for maternal IQ.ConclusionsOur findings are reassuring that among normal weight women, pregnancy weight gain is not associated with child cognitive development. Further investigation should be conducted in contemporary cohorts that also include obese mothers, who are at the greatest risk for low weight gain.
Persistence property for some classes of monomial ideals of a polynomial ring
Authors: Nasernejad Mehrdad 
Published: June 2016

Let [Formula: see text] be a field and [Formula: see text] be a polynomial ring in the variables [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we introduce two classes of monomial ideals of [Formula: see text], which have the following properties: (i) The (strong) persistence property of associated prime ideals. (ii) There exists a strongly superficial element. (iii) Ratliff–Rush closed. Next, we characterize these monomial ideals. In the sequel, we give some combinatorial aspects. We conclude this paper with constructing new monomial ideals, which have the persistence property.
TPC
Authors: Jeon Myeongjae , He Yuxiong , Kim Hwanju , Elnikety Sameh , Rixner Scott , Cox Alan L. 
Published: June 2016

In interactive services such as web search, recommendations, games and finance, reducing the tail latency is crucial to provide fast response to every user. Using web search as a driving example, we systematically characterize interactive workload to identify the opportunities and challenges for reducing tail latency. We find that the workload consists of mainly short requests that do not benefit from parallelism, and a few long requests which significantly impact the tail but exhibit high parallelism speedup. This motivates estimating request execution time, using a predictor, to identify long requests and to parallelize them. Prediction, however, is not perfect; a long request mispredicted as short is likely to contribute to the server tail latency, setting a ceiling on the achievable tail latency. We propose TPC, an approach that combines prediction information judiciously with dynamic correction for inaccurate prediction. Dynamic correction increases parallelism to accelerate a long request that is mispredicted as short. TPC carefully selects the appropriate target latencies based on system load and parallelism efficiency to reduce tail latency.
We implement TPC and several prior approaches to compare them experimentally on a single search server and on a cluster of 40 search servers. The experimental results show that TPC reduces the 99th- and 99.9th-percentile latency by up to 40% compared with the best prior work. Moreover, we evaluate TPC on a finance server, demonstrating its effectiveness on reducing tail latency of interactive services beyond web search.
Taurus
Authors: Maas Martin , Asanović Krste , Harris Tim , Kubiatowicz John 
Published: June 2016

Many distributed workloads in today's data centers are written in managed languages such as Java or Ruby. Examples include big data frameworks such as Hadoop, data stores such as Cassandra or applications such as the SOLR search engine. These workloads typically run across many independent language runtime systems on different nodes. This setup represents a source of inefficiency, as these language runtime systems are unaware of each other. For example, they may perform Garbage Collection at times that are locally reasonable but not in a distributed setting.
We address these problems by introducing the concept of a Holistic Runtime System that makes runtime-level decisions for the entire distributed application rather than locally. We then present Taurus, a Holistic Runtime System prototype. Taurus is a JVM drop-in replacement, requires almost no configuration and can run unmodified off-the-shelf Java applications. Taurus enforces user-defined coordination policies and provides a DSL for writing these policies.
By applying Taurus to Garbage Collection, we demonstrate the potential of such a system and use it to explore coordination strategies for the runtime systems of real-world distributed applications, to improve application performance and address tail-latencies in latency-sensitive workloads.
Scaling up Superoptimization
Authors: Phothilimthana Phitchaya Mangpo , Thakur Aditya , Bodik Rastislav , Dhurjati Dinakar 
Published: June 2016

Developing a code optimizer is challenging, especially for new, idiosyncratic ISAs. Superoptimization can, in principle, discover machine-specific optimizations automatically by searching the space of all instruction sequences. If we can increase the size of code fragments a superoptimizer can optimize, we will be able to discover more optimizations. We develop LENS, a search algorithm that increases the size of code a superoptimizer can synthesize by rapidly pruning away invalid candidate programs. Pruning is achieved by selectively refining the abstraction under which candidates are considered equivalent, only in the promising part of the candidate space. LENS also uses a bidirectional search strategy to prune the candidate space from both forward and backward directions. These pruning strategies allow LENS to solve twice as many benchmarks as existing enumerative search algorithms, while LENS is about 11-times faster.
Additionally, we increase the effective size of the superoptimized fragments by relaxing the correctness condition using contexts (surrounding code). Finally, we combine LENS with complementary search techniques into a cooperative superoptimizer, which exploits the stochastic search to make random jumps in a large candidate space, and a symbolic (SAT-solver-based) search to synthesize arbitrary constants. While existing superoptimizers consistently solve 9--16 out of 32 benchmarks, the cooperative superoptimizer solves 29 benchmarks. It can synthesize code fragments that are up to 82% faster than code generated by gcc -O3 from WiBench and MiBench.
Analyzing Behavior Specialized Acceleration
Authors: Nowatzki Tony , Sankaralingam Karthikeyan 
Published: June 2016

Hardware specialization has become a promising paradigm for overcoming the inefficiencies of general purpose microprocessors. Of significant interest are Behavioral Specialized Accelerators (BSAs), which are designed to efficiently execute code with only certain properties, but remain largely configurable or programmable. The most important strength of BSAs -- their ability to target a wide variety of codes -- also makes their interactions and analysis complex, raising the following questions: can multiple BSAs be composed synergistically, what are their interactions with the general purpose core, and what combinations favor which workloads? From a methodological standpoint, BSAs are also challenging, as they each require ISA development, compiler and assembler extensions, and either simulator or RTL models.
To study the potential of BSAs, we propose a novel modeling technique called the Transformable Dependence Graph (TDG) - a higher level alternative to the time-consuming traditional compiler+simulator approach, while still enabling detailed microarchitectural models for both general cores and accelerators. We then propose a multi-BSA organization, called ExoCore, which we model and study using the TDG. A design space exploration reveals that an ExoCore organization can push designs beyond the established energy-performance frontiers for general purpose cores. For example, a 2-wide OOO processor with three BSAs matches the performance of a conventional 6-wide OOO core, has 40% lower area, and is 2.6x more energy efficient.