bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring seismic inversion methodologies for non‐stationary geological environments: a benchmark study between deterministic and geostatistical seismic inversion
Authors: Carmo Sérgio , Azevedo Leonardo , Soares Amílcar 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a comparison between subsurface impedance models derived from different deterministic and geostatistical seismic inversion methodologies applied to a challenging synthetic dataset. Geostatistical seismic inversion methodologies nowadays are common place in both industry and academia, contrasting with traditional deterministic seismic inversion methodologies that are becoming less used as part of the geo‐modelling workflow. While the first set of techniques allows the simultaneous inference of the best‐fit inverse model along with the spatial uncertainty of the subsurface elastic property of interest, the second family of inverse methodology has proven results in correctly predicting the subsurface elastic properties of interest with comparatively less computational cost. We present herein the results of a benchmark study performed over a realistic three‐dimensional non‐stationary synthetic dataset in order to assess the performance and convergence of different deterministic and geostatistical seismic inverse methodologies. We also compare and discuss the impact of the inversion parameterisation over the exploration of the model parameter space. The results show that the chosen seismic inversion methodology should always be dependent on the type and quantity of the available data, both seismic and well‐log, and the complexity of the geological environment versus the assumptions behind each inversion technique. The assessment of the model parameter space shows that the initial guess of traditional deterministic seismic inversion methodologies is of high importance since it will determine the location of the best‐fit inverse solution.
Saddle Pulmonary Embolism with Paradoxical Coronary Artery Embolism through a Patent Foramen Ovale
Authors: Achesinski Amber L. , Gunther Wendy M. , Pearman Catherine B. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA 35‐year‐old male patient was found in cardiac arrest in his vehicle, with no apparent injuries after a minor motor vehicle collision. The decedent was found to have a saddle pulmonary embolus with a thromboembolus impacted across a patent foramen ovale and a paradoxical embolism in the circumflex coronary artery, as well as significant clotting in the deep veins of both lower extremities. There were no risk factors in his history to explain the deep venous thrombosis; family history suggested the possibility of an unrecognized clotting disorder.
Immobilization of Clostridium acetobutylicum onto natural textiles and its fermentation properties
Authors: Zhuang Wei , Liu Xiaojing , Yang Jing , Wu Jinglan , Zhou Jingwei , Chen Yong , Liu Dong , Ying Hanjie 
Published: January 2017

SummaryImmobilized fermentation has several advantages over traditional suspended fermentation, including simple and continuous operation, improved fermentation performance and reduced cost. Carrier is the most adjustable element among three elements of immobilized fermentation, including carrier, bacteria and environment. In this study, we characterized carrier roughness and surface properties of four types of natural fibres, including linen, cotton, bamboo fibre and silk, to assess their effects on cell immobilization, fermentation performance and stability. Linen with higher specific surface area and roughness could adsorb more bacteria during immobilized fermentation, thereby improving fermentation performance; thus, linen was selected as a suitable carrier and was applied for acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation. To further improve fermentation performance, we also found that microbes of Clostridium acetobutylicum were negatively charged surfaces during fermentation. Therefore, we then modified linen with polyetherimide (PEI) and steric acid (SA) to increase surface positive charge and improve surface property. During ABE fermentation, the adhesion between modified linen and bacteria was increased, adsorption was increased about twofold compared with that of unmodified linen, and butanol productivity was increased 8.16% and 6.80% with PEI‐ and SA‐modified linen as carriers respectively.
Statistical test for tolerability of effects of an antifungal biocontrol strain on fungal communities in three arable soils
Authors: Antweiler Kai , Schreiter Susanne , Keilwagen Jens , Baldrian Petr , Kropf Siegfried , Smalla Kornelia , Grosch Rita , Heuer Holger 
Published: January 2017

SummaryA statistical method was developed to test for equivalence of microbial communities analysed by next‐generation sequencing of amplicons. The test uses Bray–Curtis distances between the microbial community structures and is based on a two‐sample jackknife procedure. This approach was applied to investigate putative effects of the antifungal biocontrol strain RU47 on fungal communities in three arable soils which were analysed by high‐throughput ITS amplicon sequencing. Two contrasting workflows to produce abundance tables of operational taxonomic units from sequence data were applied. For both, the developed test indicated highly significant equivalence of the fungal communities with or without previous exposure to RU47 for all soil types, with reference to fungal community differences in conjunction with field site or cropping history. However, minor effects of RU47 on fungal communities were statistically significant using highly sensitive multivariate tests. Nearly all fungal taxa responding to RU47 increased in relative abundance indicating the absence of ecotoxicological effects. Use of the developed equivalence test is not restricted to evaluate effects on soil microbial communities by inoculants for biocontrol, bioremediation or other purposes, but could also be applied for biosafety assessment of compounds like pesticides, or genetically engineered plants.
Trauma care in a combined rural and urban region: an observational study
Authors: Uleberg O. , Kristiansen T. , Pape K. , Romundstad P. R. , Klepstad P. 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundThe available information on trauma care in mixed rural‐urban areas with scattered populations is limited. The aim of this study is to describe epidemiology, resource use, transfers and outcomes for trauma care within such an area, prior to implementation of a formal trauma system.MethodsA multicentre observational study including potential severely injured patients from June 2007 to May 2010. All patients received by trauma teams at seven acute care hospitals (ACH) and one major trauma centre (MTC) were included. Major trauma was defined as Injury Severity Score (ISS) > 15.ResultsA total of 2323 patients were included. ACH received 1330 patients and delivered definite care to 85% of these. Only 329 (14%) patients were major trauma of which 134 (41%) were initially received at an ACH. Nine per cent of patients were transferred between hospitals. After inter‐hospital transfers, 79% of all major trauma patients received definite care at the MTC. Helicopter emergency services admitted 52% of major trauma and performed 68% of inter‐hospital transfers from ACH to MTC. Forty‐eight patients (2%) died within 30 days.ConclusionIn a region with a dispersed network of hospitals, geographical challenges, and low rate of major trauma cases, efforts should be made to identify patients with major trauma for treatment at a MTC as early as possible. This can be done by implementing triage and transfer guidelines, maintaining competence at ACHs for initial stabilization, and sustaining an organization for effective inter‐facility transfers.
Anaesthetic‐induced cardioprotection in an experimental model of the Takotsubo syndrome – isoflurane vs. propofol
Authors: Oras J. , Redfors B. , Ali A. , Lundgren J. , Sihlbom C. , Thorsell A. , Seeman‐Lodding H. , Omerovic E. , Ricksten S.‐E. 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundTakotsubo syndrome (TS) is an acute cardiac condition with a substantial mortality for which no specific treatment is available. We have previously shown that isoflurane attenuates the development of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in an experimental TS‐model. We compared the effects of equi‐anaesthetic doses of isoflurane, propofol and ketamine+midazolam on haemodynamics, global and regional LV systolic function and the activation of intracellular metabolic pathways in experimental TS. We hypothesized that cardioprotection in experimental TS is specific for isoflurane.MethodsForty‐five rats were randomized to isoflurane (0.6 MAC, n = 15), propofol (bolus 200 mg/kg+360 mg/kg/h, n = 15) or ketamine (100 mg/kg)+midazolam (10 mg/kg, n = 15) anaesthesia. Arterial pressure, heart rate and body temperature were continuously measured and arterial blood gas analysis was performed intermittently. TS was induced by intraperitoneal injection of isoprenaline, 50 mg/kg. LV echocardiography was performed 90 min after isoprenaline injection. Apical cardiac tissue was analysed by global discovery proteomics and pathway analysis.ResultsIsoprenaline‐induced changes in arterial blood pressure, heart rate or body temperature did not differ between groups. LV ejection fraction was higher and extent of LV akinesia was lower with isoflurane, when compared with the propofol and the ketamine+midazolam groups. In this TS‐model, the proteomic analysis revealed an up‐regulation of pathways involved in inflammation, coagulation, endocytosis and lipid metabolism. This up‐regulation was clearly attenuated with isoflurane compared to propofol.ConclusionIn an experimental model of TS, isoflurane, but not propofol, exerts a cardioprotective effect. The proteomic analysis suggests that inflammation might be involved in pathogenesis of TS.
Exercise and the multidisciplinary holistic approach to adolescent dysautonomia
Authors: Armstrong KR , De Souza AM , Sneddon PL , Potts JE , Claydon VE , Sanatani S 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAimTo determine whether an eight‐week strength training programme as part of a multidisciplinary approach would minimise symptoms and improve quality of life in patients with dysautonomia.MethodsAdolescents referred to a tertiary‐level cardiology service from May 2014–December 2015 with symptoms of dysautonomia were eligible. Participants completed an exercise test and a quality of life (QoL) questionnaire (PedsQL) prior to the intervention. Participants were asked to complete exercises five times per week. After eight weeks, participants returned for follow‐up testing. Parents completed a proxy report of their child's QoL at both time points.ResultsA total of 17 participants completed the study protocol with an adherence rate of up to 50%. Post‐intervention, QoL scores improved across all levels in the participants [total 65.2 (50.4–74.7) vs 48.9 (37.5–63.0); p = 0.006; psychosocial 65.8 (56.1–74.6) vs 50.0 (41.7–65.8); p = 0.010; physical 62.5 (37.5–76.6) vs 43.8 (25–68.5); p = 0.007] and their parent proxy reports [total 63.5 (48.7–81.3) vs 50.0 (39.3–63.0); p = 0.004; psychosocial 62.1 (52.1–81.3) vs 50.0 (39.6–59.2); p = 0.001; physical 62.5 (51.6–80.0) vs 50.0 (27.5–70.3); p = 0.003]. Treadmill time also improved (9.1 vs 8.0 minutes; p = 0.005).ConclusionFollowing an eight‐week strength training programme, dysautonomia patients report a significant improvement in both their quality of life and endurance time.
Robot‐assisted partial prostatectomy for anterior prostate cancer: a step‐by‐step guide
Authors: Villers Arnauld , Flamand Vincent , Arquímedes Rodríguez‐Carlin , Puech Philippe , Haber Georges‐Pascal , Desai Mihir M. , Crouzet Sebastien , Ouzzane Adil , Gill Inderbir S. 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveTo describe a step‐by‐step guide to robot‐assisted anterior partial prostatectomy (RA‐APP) for isolated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐detected anterior prostate cancer (APC).Patients and MethodsAfter Institutional Review Board approval, over an 8‐year period (2008–2015), 17 consenting patients were enrolled in a prospective, single‐arm, single‐centre, Idea, Development, Evaluation, Assessment and Long‐term evaluation of innovative surgery (IDEAL) phase 2a study. The inclusion criteria comprised pre‐urethral, low–intermediate risk APC diagnosed by MRI and targeted biopsies. Patient position and port placement were identical to the transperitoneal RA radical prostatectomy procedure. Three steps of dissection were identified in the following order: (i) retrograde apical, after dorsal venous plexus division, transition zone (TZ) enucleation, and distal peripheral zone (PZ) sectioning; (ii) antegrade, at the bladder neck (BN) after anterior BN sectioning, TZ enucleation up to the verumontanum; and (iii) lateral dissections, including anterolateral PZ sectioning without incision of the endopelvic fascia. We report the incidence of perioperative complications. The RA completion of prostatectomy in four cases with cancer recurrence was performed at 0.3, 2.5, 2 and 2 years, respectively.ResultsThe RA‐APP comprised en bloc excision of the anterior part of the prostate comprising of the anterior fibromuscular stroma, BN, prostate adenoma (TZ and median lobe) along with the proximal prostate urethra, PZ apical anterior horns, anterior aspect of the distal (sub‐montanal) urethra, and anterior BN. The posterolateral parts of the PZ and distal (sub‐montanal) urethra and peri‐prostatic tissues were preserved intact. The bladder opening was sutured to the anterior sphincteric urethra wall and PZ lateral edges. The technique was feasible in all cases with no conversion to an open procedure. Perioperative complications were only Clavien–Dindo grade II. RA completion of prostatectomy was feasible in the four cases with cancer recurrence.ConclusionPZ prostate‐sparing RA‐APP for isolated APC is feasible and safe, and represents an option for highly selected men with APCs as an alternative to other focal ablative therapy.
Can big data tame a “naughty” world?
Authors: Salmond Jennifer Ann , Tadaki Marc , Dickson Mark 
Published: January 2017

Key MessagesThe implications of the big data revolution for the environmental sciences are potentially significant and require critical interrogation.Thematic examination of big data definitions can encourage scientists to consider how big environmental data may alter environmental scientific priorities.In the environmental sciences, big data are most valuable when complementary to (and conversing with) traditional data and approaches.
Ureteric complications in recipients of kidneys from donation after circulatory death donors
Authors: Mah Trina‐Jo , Mallon Dermot H. , Brewster Oliver , Saeb‐Parsy Kourosh , Butler Andrew J. , Bradley J. Andrew , Kosmoliaptsis Vasilis 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA large increase in the use of kidneys from donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors prompted us to examine the impact of donor type on the incidence of ureteric complications (UCs; ureteric stenosis, urinary leak) after kidney transplantation. We studied 1072 consecutive kidney transplants (DCD n=494, live donor [LD] n=273, donation after brain death [DBD] n=305) performed during 2008‐2014. Overall, there was a low incidence of UCs after kidney transplantation (3.5%). Despite a trend toward higher incidence of UCs in DCD (n=22, 4.5%) compared to LD (n=10, 3.7%) and DBD (n=5, 1.6%) kidney transplants, donor type was not a significant risk factor for UCs in multivariate analysis (DCD vs DBD HR: 2.33, 95% CI: 0.77‐7.03, P=.13). There was no association between the incidence of UCs and donor, recipient, or transplant‐related characteristics. Management involved surgical reconstruction in the majority of cases, with restenosis in 2.7% requiring re‐operation. No grafts were lost secondary to UCs. Despite a significant increase in the number of kidney transplants from DCD donors, the incidence of UCs remains low. When ureteric complications do occur, they can be treated successfully with surgical reconstruction with no adverse effect on graft or patient survival.
Soil microbial communities and elk foraging intensity: implications for soil biogeochemical cycling in the sagebrush steppe
Authors: Cline Lauren C. , Zak Donald R. , Upchurch Rima A. , Freedman Zachary B. , Peschel Anna R. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractForaging intensity of large herbivores may exert an indirect top‐down ecological force on soil microbial communities via changes in plant litter inputs. We investigated the responses of the soil microbial community to elk (Cervus elaphus) winter range occupancy across a long‐term foraging exclusion experiment in the sagebrush steppe of the North American Rocky Mountains, combining phylogenetic analysis of fungi and bacteria with shotgun metagenomics and extracellular enzyme assays. Winter foraging intensity was associated with reduced bacterial richness and increasingly distinct bacterial communities. Although fungal communities did not respond linearly to foraging intensity, a greater β‐diversity response to winter foraging exclusion was observed. Furthermore, winter foraging exclusion increased soil cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzyme potential and higher foraging intensity reduced chitinolytic gene abundance. Thus, future changes in winter range occupancy may shape biogeochemical processes via shifts in microbial communities and subsequent changes to their physiological capacities to cycle soil C and N.
Microscopic and macroscopic infarct complicating pediatric epilepsy surgery
Authors: Rubinger Luc , Hazrati Lili‐Naz , Ahmed Raheel , Rutka James , Snead Carter , Widjaja Elysa 
Published: January 2017

SummaryObjectiveThere is some suggestion that microscopic infarct could be associated with invasive monitoring, but it is unclear if the microscopic infarct is also visible on imaging and associated with neurologic deficits. The aims of this study were to assess the rates of microscopic and macroscopic infarct and other major complications of pediatric epilepsy surgery, and to determine if these complications were higher following invasive monitoring.MethodsWe reviewed the epilepsy surgery data from a tertiary pediatric center, and collected data on microscopic infarct on histology and macroscopic infarct on postoperative computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) done one day after surgery and major complications.ResultsThree hundred fifty‐two patients underwent surgical resection and there was one death. Forty‐two percent had invasive monitoring. Thirty patients (9%) had microscopic infarct. Univariable analyses showed that microscopic infarct was higher among patients with invasive monitoring relative to no invasive monitoring (20% vs. 0.5%, respectively, p < 0.001). Eighteen patients (5%) had macroscopic infarct onCTorMRI. Univariable analysis showed no significant difference in macroscopic infarct between invasive monitoring and no invasive monitoring (8% vs. 3%, respectively, p = 0.085). One patient with microscopic infarct had transient right hemiparesis, and two with both macroscopic and microscopic infarct had unexpected persistent neurologic deficits. Thirty‐two major complications (9.1%) were reported, with no difference in major complications between invasive monitoring and no invasive monitoring (10% vs. 7%, p = 0.446). In the multivariable analysis, invasive monitoring increased the odds of microscopic infarct (odds ratio [OR] 15.87, p = 0.009), but not macroscopic infarct (OR2.6, p = 0.173) or major complications (OR1.4, p = 0.500), after adjusting for age at surgery, sex, age at seizure onset, operative type, and operative location.SignificanceMicroscopic infarct was associated with invasive monitoring, and none of the patients had permanent neurologic deficits. Macroscopic infarct was not associated with invasive monitoring, and two patients with macroscopic infarct had persistent neurologic deficits.
Symptom Management for Bladder Cancer in Thailand
Authors: Vuttanon N , Vichittragoonthavon S , Chaisurin P , Thongchai C 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the symptom experiences and management strategies of people with bladder cancer is important for nurses. Awareness of outcomes of the strategies used can enable health care practitioners to provide effective advice to bladder cancer patients. We aimed to examine symptom experiences in patients with each cancer grade; to survey symptom management strategies and outcomes. This study was a cross‐sectional survey design. A total of 62 patients receiving care in a northern Thailand university hospital during December 2011 and June 2012 were recruited as subjects. Participants completed a modified questionnaire based on the framework of the symptom management model. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed: (i) the three most frequent and severe symptoms in the high grade group were frequent urination, constipation and anxiety; in the low grade group were frequent urination, fatigue and anxiety: (ii) the symptom management strategies revealed correspondence in both groups as follows: for frequent urination strategies were consulting a physician, restricting fluids, using herbs and doing nothing; for constipation strategies were taking a laxative, eating tamarind, eating vegetables/high‐fibre fruits and using a suppository; for anxiety strategies were prayer, going to the temple, meditating, talking with family/friends, relaxing, taking up a hobby, resting and consulting a physician; for fatigue strategies were resting, using supplements and consulting a physician: (iii) the outcomes revealed that most of the strategies showed positive outcomes. Positive outcomes could be used as a guide in providing recommendations to patients with bladder cancer and to support further research in this area. Further work is needed to develop interventions that work for specific symptoms.
Risk of secondary osteoporosis due to lobular cholestasis in non‐cirrhotic primary biliary cholangitis
Authors: Seki Anna , Ikeda Fusao , Miyatake Hirokazu , Takaguchi Koichi , Hayashi Shosaku , Osawa Toshiya , Fujioka Shin‐ichi , Tanaka Ryoji , Ando Masaharu , Seki Hiroyuki , Iwasaki Yoshiaki , Yamamoto Kazuhide , Okada Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground and AimIt remains unclear whether primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) represents a risk factor for secondary osteoporosis.MethodsA case–control study was conducted to examine bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in middle‐aged postmenopausal PBC patients without liver cirrhosis. We compared the incidence of low bone mineral density between propensity‐score matched subgroups of PBC patients and healthy controls and investigated the mechanisms underlying unbalanced bone turnover in terms of the associations between bone turnover markers and PBC‐specific histological findings.ResultOur analysis included 128 consecutive PBC patients, all postmenopausal women aged in their 50s or 60s, without liver cirrhosis or fragility fracture at the time of PBC diagnosis. The prevalence of osteoporosis was significantly higher in the PBC group than in the control group (26% vs 10%, P = 0.015, the Fisher exact probability test). In most PBC patients (95%), the level of bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase was above the normal range, indicating increased bone formation. On the other hand, the urine type I collagen‐cross‐linked N‐telopeptide showed variable levels among our PBC patients, indicating unbalanced bone resorption. Advanced fibrosis was associated with low bone turnover. Lobular cholestasis, evaluated as aberrant keratin 7 expression in hepatocytes, showed significant negative correlations with bone formation and resorption, indicating low bone turnover.ConclusionOur results show that, compared with healthy controls, even non‐cirrhotic PBC patients have significantly higher risk of osteoporosis. Moreover, lobular cholestasis was associated with low bone turnover, suggesting this feature of PBC may itself cause secondary osteoporosis in PBC patients.