bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulation classification for cognitive radios using stacked denoising autoencoders
Authors: Zhu Xu , Fujii Takeo 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThis paper proposes a modulation classification method based on stacked denoising autoencoders (SDAE). This method can extract the modulation features automatically and classify the input signals based on the extracted features. The scenarios of rapid classification and high‐accuracy classification are considered. In a rapid classification scenario, the classification speed has priority over the classification accuracy. Therefore, a long‐symbol sequence is not attainable for this scenario. Moreover, expert features are not necessary for this scenario, simplifying the modulation classification procedure and rendering rapid classification more achievable. In addition, in a high‐accuracy classification scenario, higher cumulants are used as the expert features owing to their advantage over the other features at noise resistance. We use complex symbols rather than pulse shaped complex signals as the network inputs, simplifying the network topology and reducing the calculation overhead. The results of the average classification accuracy, the individual classification accuracy, the execution time and the influence of the signal sampling synchronization are presented, demonstrating significant performance advantages over the other methods. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Closed vs Open‐Shell CTV Based Host Compounds: A Direct Comparison
Authors: Lefevre Sara , Simonet Raphaël , Pitrat Delphine , Mulatier Jean‐Christophe , Vanthuyne Nicolas , Jean Marion , Dutasta Jean‐Pierre , Guy Laure , Martinez Alexandre 
Published: December 2016

AbstractNew hemicryptophane compounds combining a cyclotriveratrylene (CTV) unit, three binaphthol moieties in the linkers and closed by a simple benzene unit have been synthesized enantiomerically and diastereomerically pure. Assignment of their absolute configuration was achieved by chemical correlation. These closed shell host compounds were then tested in the recognition of carbohydrates and compared with their open‐shell counterparts. Closing the molecular cage induces a slight drop in affinity, associated with an improvement in the stereoselectivity of the recognition process, probably related to the higher preorganization of the cage compounds.
Phosphomolybdate@Carbon‐Based Nanocomposites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Nunes Marta , Fernandes Diana M. , Rocha Inês M. , Pereira Manuel F. R. , Mbomekalle Israel‐Martyr , de Oliveira Pedro , Freire Cristina 
Published: December 2016

AbstractFunctional materials as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are crucial for several renewable energy applications. Herein, we report the application of several nanocomposites, prepared by the incorporation of a vanadium‐substituted phosphomolybdate [PMo11VO40]4− (PMo11V) into some carbon‐based materials (carbon black (CBV), single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and graphene (GF)), as ORR electrocatalysts. All nanocomposites, denominated as PMo11V@CBV, PMo11V@SWCNT and PMo11V@GF, show electrocatalytic activity for the ORR in acidic medium (pH 2.5 H2SO4/Li2SO4 buffer solution), with a strong dependency between the electrocatalytic ORR performance and the carbon‐based material employed. Among the materials studied, the PMo11V@GF nanocomposite exhibits the most promising performance, having the less negative onset potential (Eonset=‐0.16 V vs. Ag/AgCl (0.18 V vs. RHE)), which is explained by the excellent electronic properties of GF. An ORR process based in a 2‐electron mechanism is assumed for all modified electrodes. The PMo11V‐ and the nanocomposite‐modified electrodes are also effective for the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, with PMo11V@GF displaying the most promising electrocatalytic performance. The successful preparation of the nanocomposites is confirmed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy techniques. The electrochemical characterization of all modified electrodes is also reported.
Low Temperature Synthesis of High Energy Facets Exposed Sheet–like Anatase TiO2 Mesocrystals Show Reduced e−/h+ Pair Recombination Rates and Enhanced Photoactivity
Authors: Sumina N. B. , Kumar S. Nishanth , Achu R. , Kumar B. S. Dileep , Ray Alok K , Warrier K. G. K. , Pillai Saju 
Published: December 2016

AbstractHerein, we report low temperature synthesis of anatase TiO2 mesocrystals with {001} facets exposed sheet‐like morphology via fluorine‐free synthesis by the synergistic effect of microwave and ultrasound treatments. The synthesized TiO2 powder showed higher surface area and enhanced photocatalytic degradation of a model dye under white light irradiation. The sheet‐like anatase TiO2 mesocrystals resulted long‐lived charge carriers and separation that was confirmed from photoluminescence and photocurrent measurements. A five‐fold enhancement in the photocurrent was obtained for the mesocrystals compared to reference sample, which revealed that the orientation of nanocrystallites in sheet‐like morphology play a pivotal role in electron transport. The effect of charge carriers on photocatalytic activity was studied in detail and it followed the order, hydroxyl radicals> holes>electrons. Additionally, the TiO2 sol showed excellent stability. Further, the photoinactivation of Escherichia coli and Candida albicans was evaluated using zone of inhibition test under indoor irradiation and synthesized anatase TiO2 showed a clear zone of inhibition with diameter 37.2 mm and 40.0 mm, respectively whereas commercial TiO2 shows meager inactivation. The results indicate that our approach of combined microwave and sonication can serve as a facile approach for the synthesis of {001} facets exposed anatase sheet‐like TiO2 mesocrystals under halide‐free and low temperature conditions.
Detonation Nanodiamond as a New Option for Reduction of the Viscosity of one Novel Di–azide Functionalized Monocationic Ionic Liquid
Authors: Alamdari Reza Fareghi – , Hatefipour Razieh 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA novel di‐azide functionalized monocationic ionic liquid (IL) based on the dicyanamide anion were synthesized and characterized. Reduced graphene oxide (r‐GO) and detonation nanodiamond (DND) were synthesized according Hummer′s method and explosion of the mixture of 60 wt% TNT (2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene) and 40 wt% RDX (1,3,5‐trinitroperhydro‐1,3,5‐triazine) respectively. Dispersions of DND, r‐GO and graphite (Gr) powder in the synthesized IL were successfully achieved with sonication at 80 °C. The viscosity as well as thermal behavior of these dispersions was investigated and compared with neat IL. The experimental results showed that particles, especially DND, added to the synthesized IL exhibit good viscosity‐reduction. So that, concentration of 0.08 % (w/w) of DND decreases the viscosity up to 63.33 cP at 25 °C, as compared to neat IL. The addition of DND with 0.08 % w/w to other ILs showed that this nanoparticle leads to decrease of the viscosity of these Ils. In addition, all of the particles caused to increase the thermal decomposition temperature of synthesized IL and there is no noticeable difference between them. In fact, this work offers DND as a new option for reduction of viscosity of ILs.
Guanidine Acetic Acid Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles: Recoverable Green Catalyst for Transamidation
Authors: Kazemi Miraki Maryam , Arefi Marzban , Yazdani Elahe , Abbasi Sepideh , Karimi Meghdad , Azizi Kobra , Heydari Akbar 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn the presence of a catalytic amount of Fe3O4‐Guanidine acetic acid (GAA) nanoparticles, efficient transamidation of several amides with various amines is described under solvent‐free conditions. Fe3O4‐Guanidine acetic acid nanoparticles provide the first example of a magnetically recoverable organocatalyst for transamidation in the highest catalytic activity. The catalyst could be simply recycled with the assistance of an external magnet and reused for six runs without significant loss of its catalytic activity.
Enantioselective Inhibition of Human Papillomavirus L1 Pentamer Formation by Chiral‐Proline Modified Calix[4]arenes: Targeting the Protein Interface
Authors: Fu Ding‐Yi , Lu Tong , Liu Yu‐Xue , Li Fei , Ogden Mark I. , Wang Ye , Wu Yuqing , Mocerino Mauro 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAlthough current human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines can protect well against infection, they are effective only for a limited number of subtypes. Coupled with the dilemma that no efficient prescription is currently clinically available for therapy, there is an urgent need to develop new anti‐HPV agents. In the present study l‐ and d‐Proline modified calix[4]arenes (Pro‐C4 A) were investigated to determine any differences in their effect on the assembly of HPV 16 L1 pentamer (L1‐p). The mechanism of action using model peptides was investigated by Matrix‐Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and revealed that the binding was targeting the basic residues at L1 interface. This was also well supported by the trypsin digestion experiments and molecular simulations performed on the full‐length L1. The large energy and morphology differences revealed by molecular simulations explain the binding disparity of l‐ and d‐Pro‐C4 A to L1, and consequently the selective inhibition of them on L1‐p formation. The present study opens a way to develop enantioselective and cost‐effective inhibitors for L1‐p formation, which might be used as a new kind of anti‐HPV agent and could be extended to other viruses based on similar mechanisms.
Copper‐Promoted Direct C‐H Aminationof Benzothiazoles Using Formamides as Nitrogen Sources: An Efficient Approach for Synthesis of 2‐Aminothiazoles
Authors: Yu Mengxuan , Wang Biying , Zhou Peng , Jia Xiaodong , Yuan Yu 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAn efficient, practical and convenient process based on copper‐promoted decarboxylative coupling between benzothiazoles with formamides was that providing a series of 2‐aminobenzothiazoles in high yields.
Modified mRNA as a therapeutic tool to induce cardiac regeneration in ischemic heart disease
Authors: Hadas Yoav , Katz Michael G. , Bridges Charles R. , Zangi Lior 
Published: December 2016

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Current pharmacological and interventional therapies provide significant improvement in the life quality of patient; however, they are mostly symptom‐oriented and not curative. A high disease and economic burden of IHD requires the search for new therapeutic strategies to significantly improve patients’ prognosis and quality of life. One of the main challenges during IHD is the massive loss of cardiomyocytes that possess minimal regenerative capacity. Recent understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying IHD, as well as new therapeutic approaches provide new hope for patients suffering from IHD. Synthetic modified mRNA (modRNA) is a new gene delivery vector that is increasingly used in in vivo applications. modRNA is a relatively stable, non‐immunogenic, highly‐expressed molecule that has been shown to mediate high and transient expression of proteins in different type of cells and tissues including cardiomyocytes. modRNA properties, together with its expression kinetics in the heart make it an attractive option for the treatment of IHD, especially after myocardial infarction. In this review we discuss the role of gene therapy in cardiac regeneration as an approach to treat IHD; traditional and innovative gene delivery methods; and focus specifically on modRNA structure, mode of delivery, and its use for the induction of endogenous regenerative capacity, mainly in the context of IHD. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2017, 9:e1367. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1367This article is categorized under:

Developmental Biology > Stem Cell Biology and Regeneration
Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine > Therapeutic Methods
Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine > Translational Medicine
Method of Evaluating Delayed Fracture Susceptibility of Tempered Martensitic Steel Showing Quasi-Cleavage Fracture
Authors: Matsumoto Yu , Takai Kenichi 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The difference in the hydrogen charging methods, immersion in a NH4SCN aqueous solution, and cathodic electrolysis in a NaOH aqueous solution, did not affect the hydrogen state present in the steel, but it did affect the surface state of the specimens through corrosion, causing fracture strength to fluctuate in tensile testes. As for stress application method, the fracture strength at lower crosshead speeds in tensile tests was consistent with that found for hydrogen precharging prior to stress application in CLTs as long as hydrogen charging was conducted by cathodic electrolysis. However, the fracture strength obtained with concurrent hydrogen charging without precharging prior to stress application in CLTs was higher than that with hydrogen precharging prior to stress application in CLTs regardless of the same hydrogen content. In other words, delayed fracture susceptibility was affected by the order of hydrogen charging and stress application for quasi-cleavage fracture associated with local plastic deformation, i.e., dislocation motion. Therefore, by taking into account the cathodic electrolysis in the NaOH solution, the low crosshead speed and the order of hydrogen charging and stress application, the fracture strength in CLTs, and tensile tests coincided with respect to quasi-cleavage fracture even though the stress application methods were different.
Identification of Oxidized Phosphatidylinositols Present in OxLDL and Human Atherosclerotic Plaque
Authors: Hasanally Devin , Edel Andrea , Chaudhary Rakesh , Ravandi Amir 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOxidized low‐density lipoprotein (OxLDL) plays an important role in initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Proatherogenic effects of OxLDL have been attributed to bioactive phospholipids generated during LDL oxidation. It is unknown what effect oxidation has on the phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) molecules in LDL, even though PtdIns is 6% of the total LDL phospholipid pool. We sought to identify and quantitate oxidized phosphatidylinositol (OxPtdIns) species in OxLDL and human atherosclerotic plaque. Bovine liver PtdIns was subjected to non‐enzymatic and lipoxygenase‐catalyzed oxidation. Reversed‐phase liquid chromatography with negative ESI–MS identified and confirmed compounds by fragmentation pattern analysis from which an OxPtdIns library was generated. Twenty‐three OxPtdIns molecules were identified in copper‐oxidized human LDL at 0, 6, 12, 24, 30, and 48 h, and in human atherosclerotic plaque. In OxLDL, OxPtdIns species containing aldehydes and carboxylates comprised 17.3 ± 0.1 and 0.9 ± 0.2%, respectively, of total OxPtdIns in OxLDL at 48 h. Hydroperoxides and isoprostanes at 24 h (68.5 ± 0.2 and 22.8 ± 0.2%) were significantly greater than 12 h (P < 0.01) without additional changes thereafter. Hydroxides decreased with increased oxidation achieving a minimum at 24 h (5.2 ± 0.3%). Human atherosclerotic plaques contained OxPtdIns species including aldehydes, carboxylates, hydroxides, hydroperoxides and isoprostanes, comprising 18.6 ± 4.7, 1.5 ± 0.7, 16.5 ± 7.4, 33.3 ± 1.1 and 30.2 ± 3.3% of total OxPtdIns compounds. This is the first identification of OxPtdIns molecules in human OxLDL and atherosclerotic plaque. With these novel molecules identified we can now investigate their potential role in atherosclerosis.
The application of retinal fundus camera imaging in dementia: A systematic review
Authors: McGrory Sarah , Cameron James R. , Pellegrini Enrico , Warren Claire , Doubal Fergus N. , Deary Ian J. , Dhillon Baljean , Wardlaw Joanna M. , Trucco Emanuele , MacGillivray Thomas J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIntroductionThe ease of imaging the retinal vasculature, and the evolving evidence suggesting this microvascular bed might reflect the cerebral microvasculature, presents an opportunity to investigate cerebrovascular disease and the contribution of microvascular disease to dementia with fundus camera imaging.MethodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis was carried out to assess the measurement of retinal properties in dementia using fundus imaging.ResultsTen studies assessing retinal properties in dementia were included. Quantitative measurement revealed significant yet inconsistent pathologic changes in vessel caliber, tortuosity, and fractal dimension. Retinopathy was more prevalent in dementia. No association of age‐related macular degeneration with dementia was reported.DiscussionInconsistent findings across studies provide tentative support for the application of fundus camera imaging as a means of identifying changes associated with dementia. The potential of fundus image analysis in differentiating between dementia subtypes should be investigated using larger well‐characterized samples. Future work should focus on refining and standardizing methods and measurements.
Higher severity of cocaine addiction is associated with tactile and somatic hallucinations
Authors: Roncero C. , Grau-López L. , Palma-Álvarez R.F. , Rodriguez-Cintas L. , Ros-Cucurull E. , Esojo A. , Daigre C. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study is to describe the features of cocaine-dependent patients who have had cocaine-induced tactile/somatic hallucinations (CITSH), and to analyze the association with addiction-related variables and psychiatric comorbidity, comparing patients with CITSH, patients with cocaine psychotic symptoms (CIP) and no CITSH, and patients without any psychotic symptom.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted in 767 cocaine-dependent patients in an outpatient treatment center for addictions. The following data were obtained: sociodemographic characteristics, CIP information, addiction-related variables and psychiatric comorbidity. A bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed.ResultsOf the whole sample, 6.6% reported CITSH at some point of their lives, 48.4% had suffered some CIP other than CITSH, and 45% had not experienced any psychotic symptom. According to multivariate analysis, risk of overdose increases by 12.1 (OR) times the probability of having had CITSH compared patients with CIP-no-CITSH. Other variables associated to patients with CITSH were: age of drug use onset, presence of episodes of overdose, prevalence of psychotic disorder induced by cocaine. In general, in all variables studied, patients with CITSH presented worse clinical features (addiction variables and psychiatric comorbidity) than patients with CIP without CITSH and non-CIP group.ConclusionCITSH are usually associated with other psychotic symptoms induced by cocaine. The patients who experienced CITSH are more severe cases compared both with patients with CIP without CITSH and patients without CIP. Increased risk of overdose is an important issue in this type of patients.
The “Begram Ivories”: A Successful Case of Restitution of Some Antiquities Stolen from the National Museum of Afghanistan in Kabul
Authors: Simpson John 
Published: December 2016

Abstract:This article details a successful case of restitution of important antiquities stolen from the National Museum of Afghanistan in Kabul during the Afghan Civil War (1992–94). These items had been excavated by the Délégation Archéologique Française en Afghanistan at the site of Begram during 1937 and 1939 and were allocated to the museum in Kabul when the excavated finds were divided between the National Museum of Afghanistan and the Musée Guimet (Paris). In Kabul, the most important objects were put on permanent display, but they were placed in storage in 1989 when the museum was officially closed and the capital threatened by war after the withdrawal of Soviet forces. Many objects were hidden, and some are now touring in an international exhibition hosted by the British Museum in 2011.1However, most of the Begram ivories were stolen and entered different collections. The following article discusses how a group of 20 of these exquisite carvings were acquired, conserved, exhibited, and returned to Kabul as a direct result of the negotiations for the British Museum exhibition.2This allowed the first scientific analyses of Indian ivories of this period, and the results provided important new evidence for the extent of polychromy as well as the scale of the different unrecorded conservation treatments previously applied to these highly fragile objects.3The objects were returned safely to Kabul in 2012. This article also sets out some of the lessons learned from this chain of events and how it can provide an example for future restitutions.
Putting into Place Solutions for Nazi Era Dispossessions of Cultural Objects: The UK Experience
Authors: Woodhead Charlotte 
Published: December 2016

Abstract:Since 2000, the United Kingdom’s Spoliation Advisory Panel has provided an alternative dispute resolution mechanism for resolving disputes surrounding Nazi era dispossessions of cultural objects. This article analyzes the way in which the panel has reached its recommendations and how they have been implemented. While the panel’s recommendations provide a means of resolving disputes in circumstances where litigation might fail a claimant, claimants may encounter difficulties should an institution fail to implement the recommended remedy because of the extra-judicial nature of the recommendations. This article therefore analyzes the effectiveness of the panel’s work in overcoming some of the shortcomings of litigation and the way in which the parties have put into effect the panel’s recommendations. Furthermore, suggestions are made for ways in which to ensure compliance with the recommendations even in the absence of judicial enforcement.
False Closure? Known Unknowns in Repatriated Antiquities Cases
Authors: Tsirogiannis Christos 
Published: December 2016

Abstract:Based on research into the confiscated photographic and document archives in the hands of the top antiquities dealers (Robin Symes-Christos Michaelides, Robert Hecht, Giacomo Medici, and Gianfranco Becchina), so far more than 250 looted and smuggled masterpieces have been repatriated from the most reputable North American museums, private collections, and galleries, mainly to the Italian and the Greek states. Most of these repatriations were advertised in the press as voluntary action by the institutions and the individuals who possessed them. However, this is far from true; the repatriations were the results of lengthy negotiations, where the presentation of evidence alternated with diplomatic tactics and legal threats in order for the two parties (in some cases, three) to reach an agreement. Among the much-celebrated repatriated antiquities are at least two cases that require further research regarding their legal owner. This article aims to analyze these two cases and to set out new questions. In the end, there is doubt that the state who finally received these antiquities is necessarily the one from which they have been looted and smuggled. Based on this analysis, the article aims to highlight alternative paths to the discovery of the truth, paths that might have been more effective, if they had been followed.