bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapy-related AML: long-term outcome in a large cohort of AML-patients with intensive and non-intensive therapy
Authors: Gross Sophia , Ihlow Jana , Busack Leonie , Adamiak Kacper , Schrezenmeier Jens , Jesse Julia , Schwarz Michaela , Flörcken Anne , Vuong Lam Giang , Rieger Kathrin , Krönke Jan , le Coutre Philipp , Boldt Vivien , von Brünneck Ann-Christin , Horst David , Burmeister Thomas , Blau Igor-Wolfgang , Keller Ulrich , Bullinger Lars , Westermann Jörg 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTherapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) often exhibits adverse (genetic) features. There is ongoing discussion on the impact of t-AML on long-term outcome in AML. Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed clinical and biological characteristics of 1133 AML patients (225 t-AML patients and 908 de novo AML patients) with a median follow-up of 81.8 months. T-AML patients showed more adverse genetic alterations, higher age and more comorbidities as compared to de novo AML. Median OS in intensively treated t-AML patients was 13.7 months as compared to 39.4 months in de novo AML (p < 0.001). With non-intensive therapy, OS did not differ significantly (p = 0.394). With intensive therapy, significant differences in favor of de novo AML were observed in the ELN intermediate I/II (p = 0.009) and adverse (p = 0.016) risk groups but not within favorable risk groups (APL p = 0.927, ELN favorable p = 0.714). However, t-AML was no independent risk factor for OS (p = 0.103), RR (p = 0.982) and NRM (p = 0.320) in the multivariate analysis. A limitation of our study is an ELN 2010 risk stratification due to a lack of more comprehensive molecular data according to ELN 2022. We conclude that therapeutic algorithms in t-AML, in particular with regard to allo-HSCT, should be guided by ELN genetic risk rather than classification as t-AML alone. Our data support the WHO and ICC 2022 classifications, which include t-AML as diagnostic qualifier rather than a separate subcategory.
Contribution of A1 to macrophage survival in cooperation with MCL-1 and BCL-XL in a murine cell model of myeloid differentiation
Authors: Vier Juliane , Häcker Georg , Kirschnek Susanne 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMyeloid cells are the first line of defence against pathogens. Mitochondrial apoptosis signalling is a crucial regulator of myeloid cell lifespan and modulates the function of myeloid cells. The anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2-family protein BCL2A1/A1/BFL-1 is strongly upregulated in inflammation in macrophages. We analysed the contribution of A1 to apoptosis regulation in a conditional system of in vitro differentiation of murine macrophages from immortalised progenitors. We disabled the expression of A1 by targeting all murine A1 isoforms in the genome. Specific inhibitors were used to inactivate other anti-apoptotic proteins. Macrophage progenitor survival mainly depended on the anti-apoptotic proteins MCL-1, BCL-XL and A1 but not BCL-2. Deletion of A1 on its own had little effect on progenitor cell survival but was sensitised to cell death induction when BCL-XL or MCL-1 was neutralised. In progenitors, A1 was required for survival in the presence of the inflammatory stimulus LPS. Differentiated macrophages were resistant to inhibition of single anti-apoptotic proteins, but A1 was required to protect macrophages against inhibition of either BCL-XL or MCL-1; BCL-2 only had a minor role in these cells. Cell death by neutralisation of anti-apoptotic proteins completely depended on BAX with a small contribution of BAK only in progenitors in the presence of LPS. A1 and NOXA appeared to stabilise each other at the posttranscriptional level suggesting direct binding. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed the binding of A1 to NOXA and BIM. Interaction between A1 and Noxa may indirectly prevent neutralisation and destabilization of MCL-1. Our findings suggest a unique role for A1 as a modulator of survival in the macrophage lineage in concert with MCL-1 and BCL-XL, especially in a pro-inflammatory environment.
The genome sequence of the Violet Carpenter Bee, Xylocopa violacea (Linnaeus, 1785): a hymenopteran species undergoing range expansion
Authors: Nash Will J. , Man Angela , McTaggart Seanna , Baker Kendall , Barker Tom , Catchpole Leah , Durrant Alex , Gharbi Karim , Irish Naomi , Kaithakottil Gemy , Ku Debby , Providence Aaliyah , Shaw Felix , Swarbreck David , Watkins Chris , McCartney Ann M. , Formenti Giulio , Mouton Alice , Vella Noel , von Reumont Björn M. , Vella Adriana , Haerty Wilfried 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe present a reference genome assembly from an individual male Violet Carpenter Bee (Xylocopa violacea, Linnaeus 1758). The assembly is 1.02 gigabases in span. 48% of the assembly is scaffolded into 17 pseudo-chromosomal units. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 21.8 kilobases in length. The genome is highly repetitive, likely representing a highly heterochromatic architecture expected of bees from the genus Xylocopa. We also use an evidence-based methodology to annotate 10,152 high confidence coding genes. This genome was sequenced as part of the pilot project of the European Reference Genome Atlas (ERGA) and represents an important addition to the genomic resources available for Hymenoptera.
Zeolite-promoted platinum catalyst for efficient reduction of nitrogen oxides with hydrogen
Authors: Xie Shaohua , Liu Liping , Li Yuejin , Ye Kailong , Kim Daekun , Zhang Xing , Xin Hongliang , Ma Lu , Ehrlich Steven N. , Liu Fudong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInternal combustion engine fueled by carbon-free hydrogen (H2-ICE) offers a promising alternative for sustainable transportation. Herein, we report a facile and universal strategy through the physical mixing of Pt catalyst with zeolites to significantly improve the catalytic performance in the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) with H2 (H2-SCR), a process aiming at NOx removal from H2-ICE. Via the physical mixing of Pt/TiO2 with Y zeolite (Pt/TiO2 + Y), a remarkable enhancement of NOx reduction activity and N2 selectivity was simultaneously achieved. The incorporation of Y zeolite effectively captured the in-situ generated water, fostering a water-rich environment surrounding the Pt active sites. This environment weakened the NO adsorption while concurrently promoting the H2 activation, leading to the strikingly elevated H2-SCR activity and N2 selectivity on Pt/TiO2 + Y catalyst. This study provides a unique, easy and sustainable physical mixing approach to achieve proficient heterogeneous catalysis for environmental applications.
A single diiron enzyme catalyses the oxidative rearrangement of tryptophan to indole nitrile
Authors: Adak Sanjoy , Ye Naike , Calderone Logan A. , Duan Meng , Lubeck Wilson , Schäfer Rebecca J. B. , Lukowski April L. , Houk K. N. , Pandelia Maria-Eirini , Drennan Catherine L. , Moore Bradley S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNitriles are uncommon in nature and are typically constructed from oximes through the oxidative decarboxylation of amino acid substrates or from the derivatization of carboxylic acids. Here we report a third nitrile biosynthesis strategy featuring the cyanobacterial nitrile synthase AetD. During the biosynthesis of the eagle-killing neurotoxin, aetokthonotoxin, AetD transforms the 2-aminopropionate portion of 5,7-dibromo-l-tryptophan to a nitrile. Employing a combination of structural, biochemical and biophysical techniques, we characterized AetD as a non-haem diiron enzyme that belongs to the emerging haem-oxygenase-like dimetal oxidase superfamily. High-resolution crystal structures of AetD together with the identification of catalytically relevant products provide mechanistic insights into how AetD affords this unique transformation, which we propose proceeds via an aziridine intermediate. Our work presents a unique template for nitrile biogenesis and portrays a substrate binding and metallocofactor assembly mechanism that may be shared among other haem-oxygenase-like dimetal oxidase enzymes.
Transparent RFID tag wall enabled by artificial intelligence for assisted living
Authors: Khan Muhammad Zakir , Usman Muhammad , Tahir Ahsen , Farooq Muhammad , Qayyum Adnan , Ahmad Jawad , Abbas Hasan , Imran Muhammad , Abbasi Qammer H. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCurrent approaches to activity-assisted living (AAL) are complex, expensive, and intrusive, which reduces their practicality and end user acceptance. However, emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and wireless communications offer new opportunities to enhance AAL systems. These improvements could potentially lower healthcare costs and reduce hospitalisations by enabling more effective identification, monitoring, and localisation of hazardous activities, ensuring rapid response to emergencies. In response to these challenges, this paper introduces theTransparentRFIDTag Wall (TRT-Wall), a novel system taht utilises a passive ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag array combined with deep learning for contactless human activity monitoring. TheTRT-Wallis tested on five distinct activities: sitting, standing, walking (in both directions), and no-activity. Experimental results demonstrate that theTRT-Walldistinguishes these activities with an impressive average accuracy of$$95.6\%$$95.6%under four distinct distances (2, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 m) by capturing the RSSI and phase information. This suggests that our proposed contactless AAL system possesses significant potential to enhance elderly patient-assisted living.
In silico evaluation of cell therapy in acute versus chronic infarction: role of automaticity, heterogeneity and Purkinje in human
Authors: Riebel Leto Luana , Wang Zhinuo Jenny , Martinez-Navarro Hector , Trovato Cristian , Camps Julia , Berg Lucas Arantes , Zhou Xin , Doste Ruben , Sachetto Oliveira Rafael , Weber dos Santos Rodrigo , Biasetti Jacopo , Rodriguez Blanca 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHuman-based modelling and simulation offer an ideal testbed for novel medical therapies to guide experimental and clinical studies. Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common cause of heart failure and mortality, for which novel therapies are urgently needed. Although cell therapy offers promise, electrophysiological heterogeneity raises pro-arrhythmic safety concerns, where underlying complex spatio-temporal dynamics cannot be investigated experimentally. Here, after demonstrating credibility of the modelling and simulation framework, we investigate cell therapy in acute versus chronic MI and the role of cell heterogeneity, scar size and the Purkinje system. Simulations agreed with experimental and clinical recordings from ionic to ECG dynamics in acute and chronic infarction. Following cell delivery, spontaneous beats were facilitated by heterogeneity in cell populations, chronic MI due to tissue depolarisation and slow sinus rhythm. Subsequent re-entrant arrhythmias occurred, in some instances with Purkinje involvement and their susceptibility was enhanced by impaired Purkinje-myocardium coupling, large scars and acute infarction. We conclude that homogeneity in injected ventricular-like cell populations minimises their spontaneous beating, which is enhanced by chronic MI, whereas a healthy Purkinje-myocardium coupling is key to prevent subsequent re-entrant arrhythmias, particularly for large scars.
Proximity coupling induced two dimensional magnetic order in EuO-based synthetic ferrimagnets
Authors: Rosenberger Paul , Kundu Moumita , Gloskovskii Andrei , Schlueter Christoph , Nowak Ulrich , Müller Martina 
Published: September 2024

AbstractProximity effects allow for the adjustment of magnetic properties in a physically elegant way. If two thin ferromagnetic (FM) films are brought into contact, electronic coupling alters their magnetic exchange interaction at their interface. For a low-$$T_C$$

T
C

rare-earth FM coupled to a 3d transition metal FM, even room temperature magnetism is within reach. In addition, magnetic proximity coupling is particularly promising for increasing the magnetic order of metastable materials such as europium monoxide (EuO) beyond their bulk $$T_C$$

T
C

, since neither the stoichiometry nor the insulating properties are modified. We investigate the magnetic proximity effect at Fe/EuO and Co/EuO interfaces using hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. By exciting the FM layers with circularly polarized light, magnetic dichroism is observed in angular dependence on the photoemission geometry. In this way, the depth-dependence of the magnetic signal is determined element-specifically for the EuO and 3d FM parts of the bilayers. In connection with atomistic spin dynamics simulations, the thickness of the EuO layer is found to be crucial, indicating that the observed antiferromagnetic proximity coupling is a short-ranged and genuine interface phenomenon. This fact turns the bilayer into a strong synthetic ferrimagnet. The increase in magnetic order in EuO occurs in a finite spatial range and is therefore particularly strong in the 2D limit—a counterintuitive but very useful phenomenon for spin-based device applications.
Genomic study of taste perception genes in African Americans reveals SNPs linked to Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Joseph Paule Valery , Abbas Malak , Goodney Gabriel , Diallo Ana , Gaye Amadou 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhile previous research has shown the potential links between taste perception pathways and brain-related conditions, the area involving Alzheimer’s disease remains incompletely understood. Taste perception involves neurotransmitter signaling, including serotonin, glutamate, and dopamine. Disruptions in these pathways are implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. The integration of olfactory and taste signals in flavor perception may impact brain health, evident in olfactory dysfunction as an early symptom in neurodegenerative conditions. Shared immune response and inflammatory pathways may contribute to the association between altered taste perception and conditions like neurodegeneration, present in Alzheimer’s disease. This study consists of an exploration of expression-quantitative trait loci (eQTL), utilizing whole-blood transcriptome profiles, of 28 taste perception genes, from a combined cohort of 475 African American subjects. This comprehensive dataset was subsequently intersected with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Finally, the investigation delved into assessing the association between eQTLs reported in GWAS of AD and the profiles of 741 proteins from the Olink Neurological Panel. The eQTL analysis unveiled 3,547 statistically significant SNP-Gene associations, involving 412 distinct SNPs that spanned all 28 taste genes. In 17 GWAS studies encompassing various traits, a total of 14 SNPs associated with 12 genes were identified, with three SNPs consistently linked to Alzheimer’s disease across four GWAS studies. All three SNPs demonstrated significant associations with the down-regulation of TAS2R41, and two of them were additionally associated with the down-regulation of TAS2R60. In the subsequent pQTL analysis, two of the SNPs linked to TAS2R41 and TAS2R60 genes (rs117771145 and rs10228407) were correlated with the upregulation of two proteins, namely EPHB6 and ADGRB3. Our investigation introduces a new perspective to the understanding of Alzheimer's disease, emphasizing the significance of bitter taste receptor genes in its pathogenesis. These discoveries set the stage for subsequent research to delve into these receptors as promising avenues for both intervention and diagnosis. Nevertheless, the translation of these genetic insights into clinical practice requires a more profound understanding of the implicated pathways and their pertinence to the disease's progression across diverse populations.
Formamidinium lead iodide perovskite photovoltaics with MoS2 quantum dots
Authors: Kambley Ankur Uttam , Alessi Bruno , McDonald Calum , Papakonstantinou Pagona , Svrcek Vladimir , Mariotti Davide 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe present the formation of a composite film made out of formamidinium lead iodide (FAPI) and molybdenum disulphide quantum dots (MoS2 QDs) and propose a corresponding photovoltaic device architecture based on a ‘type-I’ alignment of the two materials’ electronic energy levels. The introduction of the MoS2 QDs has not compromised the overall crystallinity of the FAPI film and the composite absorber has shown improved stability. We report on the benefits of this composite film and energy band arrangement as the photogenerated carriers in MoS2 QDs, both positive and negative, are injected into the FAPI host matrix, resulting in an increased current density of 24.19 mA cm−2 compared to a current density of 19.83 mA cm−2 for the control device with FAPI only. The corresponding photoconversion efficiency increases from 12.6 to 15.0%. We also show that inclusion of MoS2 QDs in FAPI films resulted in a notable improvement in the fill factor and open-circuit voltage of the solar cells. Most importantly, MoS2 QDs enhanced the film stability by reducing defect formation and acting as passivating agents that minimize recombination losses and improve charge carrier transport. Our results suggest that a composite film in a type-I device architecture can introduce benefits for both future developments in perovskite solar cells and effectively tackling the longstanding challenges of carrier transport in QDs solar cells.
Proteomic Mendelian randomization to identify protein biomarkers of telomere length
Authors: Zhao Jiaxuan , Yang Kun , Lu Yunfei , Zhou Linfeng , Fu Haoran , Feng Jingbo , Wu Jinghua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractShortening of telomere length (TL) is correlated with many age-related disorders and is a hallmark of biological aging. This study used proteome-wide Mendelian randomization to identify the protein biomarkers associated with telomere length. Protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) were derived from two studies, the deCODE Health study (4907 plasma proteins) and the UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project (2923 plasma proteins). Summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for TL were obtained from the UK Biobank (472,174 cases) and GWAS Catalog (418,401 cases). The association between proteins and TL was further assessed using colocalization and summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) analyses. The protein–protein network, druggability assessment, and phenome-wide MR were used to further evaluate the potential biological effects, druggability, and safety of the target proteins. Proteome-wide MR analysis identified 22 plasma proteins that were causally associated with telomere length. Five of these proteins (APOE, SPRED2, MAX, RALY, and PSMB1) had the highest evidence of association with TL and should be prioritized. This study revealed telomere length-related protein biomarkers, providing new insights into the development of new treatment targets for chronic diseases and anti-aging intervention strategies.
Infection length and host environment influence on Plasmodium falciparum dry season reservoir
Authors: Andrade Carolina M , Carrasquilla Manuela , Dabbas Usama , Briggs Jessica , van Dijk Hannah , Sergeev Nikolay , Sissoko Awa , Niangaly Moussa , Ntalla Christina , LaVerriere Emily , Skinner Jeff , Golob Klara , Richter Jeremy , Cisse Hamidou , Li Shanping , Hendry Jason A , Asghar Muhammad , Doumtabe Didier , Farnert Anna , Ruppert Thomas , Neafsey Daniel E , Kayentao Kassoum , Doumbo Safiatou , Ongoiba Aissata , Crompton Peter D , Traore Boubacar , Greenhouse Bryan , Portugal Silvia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPersistence of malaria parasites in asymptomatic hosts is crucial in areas of seasonally-interrupted transmission, where P. falciparum bridges wet seasons months apart. During the dry season, infected erythrocytes exhibit extended circulation with reduced cytoadherence, increasing the risk of splenic clearance of infected cells and hindering parasitaemia increase. However, what determines parasite persistence for long periods of time remains unknown. Here, we investigated whether seasonality affects plasma composition so that P. falciparum can detect and adjust to changing serological cues; or if alternatively, parasite infection length dictates clinical presentation and persistency. Data from Malian children exposed to alternating ~6-month wet and dry seasons show that plasma composition is unrelated to time of year in non-infected children, and that carrying P. falciparum only minimally affects plasma constitution in asymptomatic hosts. Parasites persisting in the blood of asymptomatic children from the dry into the ensuing wet season rarely if ever appeared to cause malaria in their hosts as seasons changed. In vitro culture in the presence of plasma collected in the dry or the wet seasons did not affect parasite development, replication or host-cell remodelling. The absence of a parasite-encoded sensing mechanism was further supported by the observation of similar features in P. falciparum persisting asymptomatically in the dry season and parasites in age- and sex-matched asymptomatic children in the wet season. Conversely, we show that P. falciparum clones transmitted early in the wet season had lower chance of surviving until the end of the following dry season, contrasting with a higher likelihood of survival of clones transmitted towards the end of the wet season, allowing for the re-initiation of transmission. We propose that the decreased virulence observed in persisting parasites during the dry season is not due to the parasites sensing ability, nor is it linked to a decreased capacity for parasite replication but rather a consequence decreased cytoadhesion associated with infection length.
Comprehensive assessment of voltage and current source PV‐based modular multilevel converters
Authors: Barresi Marzio , Piegari Luigi , Scalabrin Riccardo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRecently, modular multilevel converters (MMCs) gained popularity for the grid integration of photovoltaic (PV), due to their many advantages, including low total harmonic distortion, high control flexibility, and distributed maximum power point (MPP) tracking capability. Two distinguished families of MMCs exist: voltage source and current source. Voltage source MMCs are mostly studied, but current source MMCs offer advantages under certain operating conditions. This article compares voltage and current source MMCs, for PV integration. To this aim, several key indicators are identified: number of components, energy stored in passive elements, semiconductor power rating, and the number of MPP trackers. The results of the analysis, performed in MATLAB©, show that for a fixed number of output voltage levels, power rating, and switching frequency, voltage source MMCs have simpler control and higher number of MPP trackers. In contrast, current source MMCs minimize the semiconductor power rating, the number of components and the energy stored in passive elements. Regarding efficiency, in the analyzed case study, voltage source MMCs perform better under both homogeneous and non‐homogenous irradiance conditions. This article provides a tool to select the optimal solution based on the required target (e.g. efficiency, energy storage etc.), given the specific characteristics of the application.