bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Op de grens van ideeën en daden. Over de vervolging van het voorbereiden van liquidaties
Authors: Scheepmaker M.P.C. 
Published: October 2017

On the edge of ideas and deeds. The prosecution of preparing contract killings. An interview with prosecutor Koos Plooij and lawyer Christian Flokstra
In this interview the Dutch prosecutor Koos Plooij discusses with criminal lawyer Christian Flokstra on the intention of the Public Prosecution Office to adapt article 46 of the Dutch Penal Law (Sr) in such a way that the burden of proof necessary for a sentence on contract killing is lowered. Plooij argues that many suspects who were clearly up to a very serious deed, have received a relatively low punishment because it was too difficult to prove that they were preparing a contract killing – and were not simply trying to intimidate their target or for instance take this person as a hostage. For the judge it is essential to establish which crime was being prepared, since the latter are completely different crimes and the punishment is much lower compared to the punishment for murder. Flokstra replies by stressing that the limitations of the current article 46 Sr exist to assure that people are not punished for things they didn’t do or were not planning to do. He argues that the prosecution should accept that sometimes there’s just not enough proof to convince the judge that the suspect was preparing a contract killing. A sentence for arms possession or participation in a criminal organization could be an alternative in such cases. Both men agree that the current maximum punishments for these crimes are too low.
Benchmarking of electrolyte mass transport in next generation lithium batteries
Authors: Lindberg Jonas , Lundgren Henrik , Behm Mårten , Lindbergh Göran 
Published: October 2017

<p class="PaperAbstract"><span lang="EN-US">Beyond conductivity and viscosity, little is often known about the mass transport properties of next generation lithium battery electrolytes, thus, making performance estimation uncertain when concentration gradients are present, as conductivity only describes performance in the absence of these gradients. This study experimentally measured the diffusion resistivity, originating from voltage loss due to a concentration gradient, together with the ohmic resistivity, obtained from ionic conductivity measurements, hence, evaluating electrolytes both with and without the presence of concentration gradients. Under galvanostatic conditions, the concentration gradients, of all electrolytes examined, developed quickly and the diffusion resistivity rapidly dominated the ohmic resistivity. The electrolytes investigated consisted of lithium salt in: room temperature ionic liquids (RTIL), RTIL mixed organic carbonates, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and a conventional Li-ion battery electrolyte. At steady state the RTIL electrolytes displayed a diffusion resistivity  ~ 20 times greater than the ohmic resistivity. The DMSO-based electrolyte showed mass transport properties similar to the conventional Li-ion battery electrolyte. In conclusion, the results presented in this study show that the diffusion polarization must be considered in applications where high energy and power density are desired. </span></p>
Du jardin à l’assiette : aperçu d’une recherche sur le patrimoine culinaire des Augustines de Québec
Authors: Piché Geneviève 
Published: October 2017

Jusque dans les années 2000, l’histoire de l’alimentation au Québec n’avait été que peu explorée, si ce n’est pour dresser l’inventaire des plats traditionnels et offrir des recettes au goût d’antan. En 2001, l’historien Bernard Audet initie de nouvelles recherches dans un champ historiographique encore relativement vierge, mais qui devient vite fructueux. Mis à part l’ouvrage de François Rousseau sur le régime des malades de l’Hôtel-Dieu de Québec (1983), les historiens sont cependant bien rares à s’intéresser aux pratiques culinaires des communautés religieuses, notamment hospitalières. Et pourtant, leurs archives regorgent de détails sur l’alimentation de la communauté, ainsi que sur celle des patients de l’hôpital. Afin de démystifier les origines de notre propre patrimoine culinaire, que peut-on tirer de leurs jardins, de leurs fermes et de leurs cuisines ? Cet article vise à faire le point sur un projet de recherche inédit, qui mènera à une publication future.
Tissue Plasminogen Activator or Perfluoropropane for Submacular Hemorrhage in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Murphy George S. P. , Saleh Azahir , Ayis Salma , Cheema Muhammad Raza , Mehta Alex , Steel David H. , Membrey Luke , Costen Mark , Jackson Timothy L. 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceEvidence is limited to support therapies to treat submacular hemorrhage (SMH) secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) as an adjunct to anti–vascular endothelial growth factor therapy (anti-VEGF).ObjectiveTo determine if intravitreal tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) or gas improves visual acuity or promotes resolution of SMH secondary to neovascular AMD in eyes treated with ranibizumab.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a double-masked, sham-controlled, factorial randomized clinical trial and feasibility study that recruited participants from June 2014 to March 2019, with 12 months’ follow-up. Included in the trial were patients from 4 UK vitreoretinal units who had fovea-involving SMH of at least 1 disc area secondary to neovascular AMD and were evaluated within 14 days of onset.InterventionsStudy eyes received baseline ranibizumab and were then randomized 2:1:1:1 to 1 of 4 intravitreal treatments: sham injection, perfluoropropane (C3F8), TPA, or combined C3F8 and TPA (C3F8 + TPA). All eyes received monthly pro re nata ranibizumab therapy over 12 months. Outcome assessors were masked to intervention assignment.Main Outcome and MeasureBest-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at month 3.ResultsFifty-three of 56 participants (95%; mean [SD] age, 81.5 [8.1] years; 33 female [59%]) reached the primary end point. Study eyes were randomized to the following intravitreal treatments: sham injection (n = 23), C3F8 (n = 11), TPA (n = 11), or C3F8 + TPA (n = 11). On factorial analysis, the combined TPA groups had significantly better month 3 mean logMAR BCVA than those not receiving TPA: 0.66 vs 0.98 (μd = −0.32; 95% CI, −0.58 to −0.07; P = .02). There was no statistically significant difference comparing groups that did vs did not receive C3F8: 0.80 vs 0.90 (μd = −0.11; 95% CI, −0.37 to 0.16; P = .43). The combined TPA groups were less likely to have SMH present at month 1 (10 of 18 [55.6%] vs 21 of 24 [87.5%]; P = .03), a benefit not evident in the combined gas groups. The mean logMAR BCVA at 3 months was not significantly different between the groups: monotherapy control, 0.99; C3F8, 0.97 (vs control μd = −0.02; 95% CI, −0.48 to 0.44); TPA, 0.70 (vs control μd = −0.29; 95% CI, −0.79 to 0.21); combined C3F8 and TPA, 0.71 (vs control μd = −0.36; 95% CI, −0.82 to 0.11); P = .11. No safety differences were identified across the treatment groups.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this randomized clinical trial suggest that TPA may increase the chance of visual acuity gain when added to ranibizumab therapy for neovascular AMD in eyes with SMH, warranting consideration of additional clinical trials.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01835067
A primer of community ecology using the R language
Authors: Kadowaki Kohmei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCommunity ecology beginners often struggle to understand theories expressed in complex mathematical formulas and to master computer programming. To remedy this situation, this article provides a practical, R‐based introduction to community ecology by illustrating core concepts (vital rates, carrying capacity, density dependence) and models that can be used to explore the patterns of species abundance and diversity. The structure of this article consists of three modeling exercises, each asking a general question that can be answered by a combination of theory and R programming: (1) what determines the abundance of species, and what makes a population persist and go extinct?; (2) what determines the distribution of species and species diversity?; (3) what determines the relative abundance of species and what allows species to coexist? Through the exercises, I discuss the following five concepts and ideas that provide valuable insights into the questions: (i) the tragedy of the commons, (ii) the theory of island biogeography, (iii) competitive exclusion, (iv) the neutral theory of biodiversity, and (v) frequency dependence. These materials are thus designed to guide the reader in developing an intuition for ecological thinking that will help capture the essence of the global environmental and biodiversity crisis. Although this article does not delineate the scope and depth of the vast field of community ecology, I hope that it will motivate the reader to step up to a more formal introduction to community ecology.
Resolution‐Dependent State Estimation for a Class of Nonlinear Coupled Complex Networks With Stochastic Communication and Correlated Noises
Authors: Chen Cai , Yue Bowen , Jia Chaoqing 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis article proposes the design of the resolution‐dependent variance‐constrained state estimation (RDVCSE) algorithm for a class of time‐varying nonlinear coupled complex networks (TVNCCNs) with stochastic communication and correlated noises. Specifically, a continuous‐differentiable nonlinear function with bounded first partial derivative is considered during the exchange among different coupled units and a resolution‐limited model is taken into account to embody the limited data‐processing capabilities of sensors. In order to describe the principle of random allocation in engineering, a stochastic strategy is employed in the sensor/estimator shared channel. An augmented RDVCSE method is developed such that the error covariance upper bound of state estimation (ECUBSE) can be guaranteed and obtained first. Then, the estimator parameter can be concretized via optimizing the trace of ECUBSE. In addition, a sufficient criterion is provided to verify the uniform boundedness of the presented RDVCSE algorithm. Finally, a comparative simulation is carried out to illustrate the validity of the introduced RDVCSE algorithm.
Implantable Intraocular Fluorescence Sensor for Visualized Monitoring of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Lim Jaewook , Lee Hyo , Kim Jiwon , Moon Chae‐Eun , Lee Jun‐Ki , Kang Yujin , Kim Ryunhyung , Mun Byeonggeol , Ji Yong Woo , Haam Seungjoo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWith an increase in the older individuals, the global incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasing. Early diagnosis of AD necessitates long‐term monitoring; however, conventional diagnostic methods such as positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are unsuitable for frequent use because of infrastructure limitations. The eye, connected to the brain via the optic nerve, offers a potential window for monitoring neurodegenerative diseases. This study presents a novel system for continuous intraocular monitoring using a fluorescent aptamer‐conjugated intraocular lens (FAIOL). FAIOL emits fluorescent signals in the presence of beta‐secretase‐1 (BACE1), an enzyme associated with amyloid beta 1–42 production. These signals can be analyzed using mobile phone applications. In vitro, experiments demonstrates that FAIOL responded to BACE1 by detecting low concentrations of the target molecule over extended periods. Ex vivo tests using porcine eyeballs shows an increase in the fluorescence signal intensity by more than 8% within 5 h in the presence of BACE1. The integrated image analysis program reduces sensor noise and provides numerical signal values, facilitating a straightforward interpretation. FAIOL holds significant potential as an innovative platform for the early diagnosis and long‐term monitoring of AD and promises improved patient outcomes through timely intervention and ongoing surveillance.
Selective Control of Electric Charge of Weyl Fermions in Pyrochlore Iridates
Authors: Shen Shengchun , Oh Taekoo , Song Jeongkeun , Tian Di , Shu Xinyu , Zhang Yang , Zhang Fan , Yi Di , Noh Tae Won , Yang Bohm‐Jung , Li Yangyang , Yu Pu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWeyl fermions can exhibit exotic phenomena due to their magnetic charge in momentum space, while Weyl nodes are usually located away from Fermi energy, which forms electron or hole pockets as the electric charges. Previous studies have mostly focused on the magnetic charge, however, the electric charges are rarely explored. Here, the intriguing Hall responses arising from the interplay between magnetic and electric charges of Weyl fermions in pyrochlore iridates are reported. Explicitly, unexpected linear scaling is observed between the anomalous Hall conductivity and Hall carrier density in strained Nd2Ir2O7 thin films, and its slope shows a sign change approaching the Néel temperature of Nd. Theoretical calculations unveil that the cluster magnetic multipoles induce local energy inversion of Weyl nodes, which alters the electric charge of Weyl fermions and accounts for the observed nontrivial Hall responses. Moreover, the correlation between the magnetic and electric charges is further probed by voltage‐controlled hydrogenation, which leads to the suppression of the anomalous Hall effect through electron filling. This work not only reveals the essential role of the both magnetic and electric charges of Weyl fermions, but also demonstrates the hydrogenation as an effective tuning knob in exploring correlated topological properties.
Supramolecular Polymer Additives as Repairable Reinforcements for Dynamic Covalent Networks
Authors: van der Tol Joost J. B. , Hafeez Shahzad , Bänziger Andy P. G. , Su Hao , Heuts Johan P. A. , Meijer E. W. , Vantomme Ghislaine 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEmploying rigid (in)organic materials as reinforcement for dynamic covalent networks (DCNs) is an effective approach to develop high‐performance materials. Yet, recycling of these materials after failure often necessitates inefficient chemical reprocessing or inevitably alters their performance due to unrepairable inert components. Here, a non‐covalent reinforcement strategy is presented by introducing a supramolecular additive to a DCN that can reversibly depolymerize and reform on demand, therefore acting as an adaptive and repairable reinforcement. The strong hydrogen‐bonding interactions in the supramolecular polymer of triazine‐1,3,5‐tribenzenecarboxamide (S‐T) strengthen the DCN at room temperature, while its non‐covalent nature allows for easy one‐pot reprocessing at high temperatures. Depending on wether S‐T is covalently bond to the DCN or not, it can play either the role of compatibilizer or filler, providing a synthetic tool to control the relaxation dynamics, reprocessability and mechanical properties. Moreover, the S‐T reinforcement can be chemically recovered with high yield and purity, showcasing the recyclability of the composite. This conceptually novel supramolecular reinforcement strategy with temperature‐controlled dynamics highlights the potential of supramolecular polymer additives to replace conventional unrepairable reinforcements.
A Sensitive MOF⊃Dye Hydrogel for Visual Recognition of Fluoroquinolones
Authors: Jiang Yuhan , Zhou Zixuan , Kong Weile , Zhang Ying , Wang Lei , Sun Yaguang , Zhu Mingchang , Wu Shuangyan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDevelopment of new multi‐ratiometric fluorescence probes has been a popular research field. This approach provides richer and more accurate information for the recognition of different substances which have similar chemical and physical properties. In this work, a ratiometric fluorescence sensor UIO‐66⊃FL/RhB is successfully constructed by incorporating fluorescein (FL) and rhodamine B (RhB) to the UIO‐66. With the addition of fluoroquinolones (FQs), the prepared UIO‐66⊃FL/RhB sensor can be used for the 2D emission‐fingerprint map, the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) in recognition the presence of each FQs. The fluorescence probe offers a broad linear range (0‐8 µM) and a low detection limit (3.7 nM) in sensing ofloxacin. In addition, a smartphone‐assisted portable sensing platform and a portable UIO‐66⊃FL/RhB hydrogel test material are constructed successfully for screening before fluorescence detection. This study proposes a novel multi‐ratiometric fluorescence probe, which can recognize different FQs. Besides, the UIO‐66⊃FL/RhB‐based hydrogel beads are construction for screening before the detection of FQs, which established a promising strategy for the simple and accurate discrimination of FQs.
Combined Gold and Photoredox Catalysis: Synthesis of 3‐Alkenyl‐2H‐Indazoles from 2‐Alkynylazobenzenes
Authors: Mañas Clara , Merino Estíbaliz 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe disclose the intramolecular synthesis of 3‐alkenyl‐2H‐indazoles from 2‐alkynylazobenzenes, promoted by a dual catalysis using AuCl3 and a ruthenium photocatalyst under visible light irradiation. This reaction proceeds through hydroamination of the alkynyl fragment. The yields are influenced by electronic factors. Control experiments suggest that both radical and polar mechanisms operate in parallel. This transformation involves C−N bond formation and a 1,2‐hydride shift. Additionally, derivatization was performed to demonstrate the versatility of this methodology.
Selenylation/Cyclization of 1‐(2‐(Allyloxy)aryl)‐1H‐indoles Access to Seleno‐Benzo[2,3][1,4]oxazepino[4,5‐a]indole Derivatives
Authors: Liao Hailin , Pan Mei , Zhao Haicheng , Qian Yuliang , Liu Jiyao , Liu Xiaoqin , Rong Liangce 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe iron (ІІІ)‐promoted tandem cyclization of 1‐(2‐(allyloxy)aryl)‐1H‐indoles with diselenides has been developed for the preparation of seleno‐benzo[2,3][1,4]oxazepino[4,5‐a]indole derivatives. The investigation to determine the best reaction conditions indicated the use of 1‐(2‐(allyloxy)aryl)‐1H‐indoles (0.2 mmol) with diselenides (1.5 equiv.) and iron(III) chloride (1.5 equiv.) in acetonitrile at room temperature under air, and more than 48 examples were obtained. The reaction features access to selenized 7‐membered containing nitrogen‐oxygen heterocyclic skeleton, which also represents a 7‐exo‐trig cyclization process of 1‐(2‐((2‐methylallyl)oxy)aryl)‐1H‐indoles and diselenides.
Divergent Reactivity of E/Z‐Azobenzene‐Based Phosphine‐Gold Catalysts: Toward an ON‐ON Catalytic Photoswitch Process
Authors: Goual Nawel , Maisonneuve Stéphane , Medici Fabrizio , Retailleau Pascal , Gallard Jean‐François , Xie Joanne , Gandon Vincent , Marinetti Angela , Voituriez Arnaud 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis work discloses a strategy for the implementation of ON‐ON organometallic catalytic processes using photoresponsive phosphine ligands. The approach leverages on the regiodivergent reactivity of mono‐ and bimetallic gold complexes that results from π‐ vs σ,π‐activations of alkynyl‐substituted urea substrates, for the selective formation of either dihydroquinazolinone or indole‐carboxamide products, via intramolecular hydroamidation.
Dynamic Wavelength‐Selective Diffraction and Absorption with Direct‐Patterned Hydrogel Metagrating
Authors: Dai Chenjie , Li Xinglong , Yang Wen‐xing , Chen Yan , Zheng Dingshan , Cheng Nian , Shui Tao , Zhang Huafeng , Li Zhongyang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHydrogel nanophotonic devices exhibit attractive tunable capabilities in structural coloration and optical display. However, current hydrogel‐based tunable strategies are mostly based on a single physical mechanism, and it remains a challenge to merge multiple mechanisms for active devices with integrated functionalities. Here, a hydrogel metagrating combining Fabry‐Pérot (FP) resonance and diffraction effects is proposed for achieving tunable absorption and dynamic wavelength‐selective beam steering. Through exploiting hydrogel shrinkage under electron‐beam exposure, a hydrogel nanocavity composed of Ag/Hydrogel/Ag three‐layer films can be directly printed with arbitrary patterns, enabling the direct‐pattering technique of metagrating. The hydrogel nanocavity performs as an FP‐type absorber, and its absorption peak rapidly shifts with humidity variation due to the hydrogel layer scaling. The response speed is <320 ms, and the absorption peak shift range is >150 nm. It is further demonstrated that the hydrogel metagrating exclusively deflects light at the resonance wavelength, and its operating wavelength can be actively switched by regulating ambient humidity. The proposed tunable hydrogel metagrating can promote new technologies of tunable metasurfaces for optical filtering, gas sensing, and optical imaging.
Annual report on National Clinical Database 2021 for gastroenterological surgery in Japan
Authors: Ito Sunao , Takahashi Arata , Ueno Hideki , Takiguchi Shuji , Kajiwara Yoshiki , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Eguchi Susumu , Goi Takanori , Saiura Akio , Sasaki Akira , Takeuchi Hiroya , Tanaka Chie , Hashimoto Masaji , Hiki Naoki , Horiguchi Akihiko , Matsuda Satoru , Mizushima Tsunekazu , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Kitagawa Yuko , Shirabe Ken 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimThe Japanese National Clinical Database, which covers more than 95% of the surgeries performed in Japan, is the largest nationwide database. This is the 2021 annual report of the Gastroenterological Section of the National Clinical Database, which aims to present the short‐term outcomes of cases registered in 2021 and discuss significant changes and insights into gastroenterological surgeries observed over the decade.MethodsWe reviewed the data of patients registered in the National Clinical Database between 2012 and 2021.ResultsIn total, 5 788 093 cases, including 597 780 cases in 2021, were extracted from the National Clinical Database. The number of surgeries resumed its original trend after a uniform decrease due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. The patient population continues to age, and the proportion of female patients is steadily increasing. The trend of surgeries being conducted in certified institutions with the involvement of board‐certified surgeons is consistently rising. Moreover, the increasing trend of endoscopic surgery rate is still maintained. Although operative mortality is declining, the trend of increasing postoperative complications continues. Surgery on the esophagus, liver, and pancreas has shown substantial improvements in operative mortality, with a high participation rate of board‐certified surgeons. Surgical procedures with a high incidence of emergency surgeries are characterized by low participation rates of board‐certified surgeons, increased morbidity rates, and worse mortality outcomes.ConclusionThis overview of surgical patients in Japan, obtained using data extracted from the National Clinical Database, may serve as a critical cornerstone for the future development of gastroenterological surgery.