bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Terahertz conductivity mapping of thin films on smart textiles
Authors: Jäckel Alexander , Hupfer Maximilian L. , Castro-Camus Enrique , Mittleman Daniel M. , Schmidl Gabriele , Gawlik Annett , Plentz Jonathan , Koch Martin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSmart textiles that promise to become sensors and actuators for multiple applications are an active area of research. Conductive textiles formed by coating a fabric with a conductive film will play a key role in such applications. Here we present contactless mapping of the terahertz (THz) conductivity of thin conductive films deposited on textiles. These conductivity maps enable non-destructive assessment of the conductivity of such layers and therefore the identification and localization of non-uniformities in local conductivity. The THz measurements are quantitatively consistent with four-point probe measurements of the same areas.
Promotion focus, but not prevention focus of teachers and students matters when shifting towards technology-based instruction in schools
Authors: Hoch Emely , Scheiter Katharina , Sassenberg Kai 
Published: September 2024

AbstractImplementing technology-enhanced learning and teaching in schools causes major changes for both teachers and students. Research in other fields shows that individuals’ regulatory orientation (i.e., promotion and prevention focus) predicts how people deal with such fundamental changes. Our research ties in with a school trial where classes were equipped with tablets, yielding a shift from predominantly analog to technology-enhanced learning and teaching. In this context, we investigated whether the regulatory orientation of teachers (N = 109) and students (N = 1,127) related to how they dealt with this change. As expected, teachers with a stronger promotion focus were more likely to perceive the changing teaching situation as a (positively connotated) challenge and to intend to use the tablets in class. Further, students with a strong promotion focus when tablet-based teaching was introduced showed higher technology-related self-efficacy and higher motivation to use digital devices after a few months of using tablets in class. Prevention focus was unrelated to teachers’ and students’ attitudes, behavioral intentions, or motivation. Thus, the concept of regulatory orientation helps explain how teachers and students respond to changes in school, whereby particularly promotion focus appears to be relevant for change processes due to digital transformation in education.
Dynamics of a single cavitation bubble near an oscillating boundary
Authors: Sagar Hemant J. , Lin Yuxing , Moctar Ould el 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCavitation and its effects are well investigated, especially single bubble cavitation and its collapse near rigid and elastic boundaries. In our current article, we investigated novel experiments of a single cavitation bubble near an oscillatory boundary. We generated the cavitation bubble by laser focusing in water. A flat glass plate was fixed to the shaft of the magnetostriction oscillator coil. We investigated the dynamics of bubbles at two relative wall distances (ratio of the distance between the bubble center and plate surface to the maximum radius of the bubble) of the bubble from the glass plate in combination with four modes of oscillation. Each mode has specific frequency and amplitude of oscillation. The high-speed camera captured the dynamics of the bubble using the back-illumination method with a framing rate of 120Kfps and simultaneously we used an optical CMOS sensor to measure the oscillation of the glass plate. We presented a clear comparison among the bubble dynamics near stationary and oscillating plates with parameters such as oscillating modes and direction. We correlated the dynamics of the bubble with the motion of the plate. In addition, we highlighted the differences including the characteristics of bubble shape and jetting that occurred during the collapse phase. The comparison of the time histories of the bubble’s equivalent size postulated that the bubble’s collapse times vary significantly in some cases compared to the bubble’s dynamics near the stationary plate. In all cases, we noticed the shortening of the bubble’s collapsing time, i.e. accelerated collapses. In our findings, we noticed a collapse times reduction of about 4–15%. Our finding signifies the importance of introducing the oscillation of the boundaries to obtain effective energy concentration over the time during the collapse. Our study also suggests that forced oscillation of boundaries is undesirable for destructive cavitation effects. The method we suggested for the manipulation of bubble dynamics holds potential for enhancing the efficiency of applications such as lithotripsy in biomedical devices, actuation and micro pumping in microfluidic devices, and effective semiconductor surface cleaning. Not but least, obtained results can be used as benchmark in future for validating numerical methods.
Damaging mutations in liver X receptor-α are hepatotoxic and implicate cholesterol sensing in liver health
Authors: Lockhart Sam M. , Muso Milan , Zvetkova Ilona , Lam Brian Y. H. , Ferrari Alessandra , Schoenmakers Erik , Duckett Katie , Leslie Jack , Collins Amy , Romartínez-Alonso Beatriz , Tadross John A. , Jia Raina , Gardner Eugene J. , Kentistou Katherine , Zhao Yajie , Day Felix , Mörseburg Alexander , Rainbow Kara , Rimmington Debra , Mastantuoni Matteo , Harrison James , Nus Meritxell , Guma’a Khalid , Sherratt-Mayhew Sam , Jiang Xiao , Smith Katherine R. , Paul Dirk S. , Jenkins Benjamin , Koulman Albert , Pietzner Maik , Langenberg Claudia , Wareham Nicholas , Yeo Giles S. , Chatterjee Krishna , Schwabe John , Oakley Fiona , Mann Derek A. , Tontonoz Peter , Coll Anthony P. , Ong Ken , Perry John R. B. , O’Rahilly Stephen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLiver X receptor-α (LXRα) regulates cellular cholesterol abundance and potently activates hepatic lipogenesis. Here we show that at least 1 in 450 people in the UK Biobank carry functionally impaired mutations in LXRα, which is associated with biochemical evidence of hepatic dysfunction. On a western diet, male and female mice homozygous for a dominant negative mutation in LXRα have elevated liver cholesterol, diffuse cholesterol crystal accumulation and develop severe hepatitis and fibrosis, despite reduced liver triglyceride and no steatosis. This phenotype does not occur on low-cholesterol diets and can be prevented by hepatocyte-specific overexpression of LXRα. LXRα knockout mice exhibit a milder phenotype with regional variation in cholesterol crystal deposition and inflammation inversely correlating with steatosis. In summary, LXRα is necessary for the maintenance of hepatocyte health, likely due to regulation of cellular cholesterol content. The inverse association between steatosis and both inflammation and cholesterol crystallization may represent a protective action of hepatic lipogenesis in the context of excess hepatic cholesterol.
Bio-inspired autonomy in soft robots
Authors: van Laake Lucas Carolus , Overvelde Johannes Tesse Bastiaan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSoft robotic actuation concepts meet and sometimes exceed their natural counterparts. In contrast, artificially recreating natural levels of autonomy is still an unmet challenge. Here, we come to this conclusion after defining a measure of energy- and control-autonomy and classifying a representative selection of soft robots. We argue that, in order to advance the field, we should focus our attention on interactions between soft robots and their environment, because in nature autonomy is also achieved in interdependence. If we better understand how interactions with an environment are leveraged in nature, this will enable us to design bio-inspired soft robots with much greater autonomy in the future.
Addressing challenges in speaker anonymization to maintain utility while ensuring privacy of pathological speech
Authors: Tayebi Arasteh Soroosh , Arias-Vergara Tomás , Pérez-Toro Paula Andrea , Weise Tobias , Packhäuser Kai , Schuster Maria , Noeth Elmar , Maier Andreas , Yang Seung Hee 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Integration of speech into healthcare has intensified privacy concerns due to its potential as a non-invasive biomarker containing individual biometric information. In response, speaker anonymization aims to conceal personally identifiable information while retaining crucial linguistic content. However, the application of anonymization techniques to pathological speech, a critical area where privacy is especially vital, has not been extensively examined.

Methods
This study investigates anonymization’s impact on pathological speech across over 2700 speakers from multiple German institutions, focusing on privacy, pathological utility, and demographic fairness. We explore both deep-learning-based and signal processing-based anonymization methods.

Results
We document substantial privacy improvements across disorders—evidenced by equal error rate increases up to 1933%, with minimal overall impact on utility. Specific disorders such as Dysarthria, Dysphonia, and Cleft Lip and Palate experience minimal utility changes, while Dysglossia shows slight improvements. Our findings underscore that the impact of anonymization varies substantially across different disorders. This necessitates disorder-specific anonymization strategies to optimally balance privacy with diagnostic utility. Additionally, our fairness analysis reveals consistent anonymization effects across most of the demographics.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates the effectiveness of anonymization in pathological speech for enhancing privacy, while also highlighting the importance of customized and disorder-specific approaches to account for inversion attacks.
Measured and genetically predicted protein levels and cardiovascular diseases in UK Biobank and China Kadoorie Biobank
Authors: Lind Lars , Mazidi Mohsen , Clarke Robert , Bennett Derrick A. , Zheng Rui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSeveral large-scale studies have measured plasma levels of the proteome in individuals with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)1–7. However, since the majority of such proteins are interrelated2, it is difficult for observational studies to distinguish which proteins are likely to be of etiological relevance. Here we evaluate whether plasma levels of 2,919 proteins measured in 52,164 UK Biobank participants are associated with incident myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke or heart failure. Of those proteins, 126 were associated with all three CVD outcomes and 118 were associated with at least one CVD in the China Kadoorie Biobank. Mendelian randomization and colocalization analyses indicated that genetically determined levels of 47 and 18 proteins, respectively, were associated with CVDs, including FGF5, PROCR and FURIN. While the majority of protein–CVD observational associations were noncausal, these three proteins showed evidence to support potential causality and are therefore promising targets for drug treatment for CVD outcomes.
Proteome-wide copy-number estimation from transcriptomics
Authors: Sweatt Andrew J , Griffiths Cameron D , Groves Sarah M , Paudel B Bishal , Wang Lixin , Kashatus David F , Janes Kevin A 
Published: September 2024

AbstractProtein copy numbers constrain systems-level properties of regulatory networks, but proportional proteomic data remain scarce compared to RNA-seq. We related mRNA to protein statistically using best-available data from quantitative proteomics and transcriptomics for 4366 genes in 369 cell lines. The approach starts with a protein’s median copy number and hierarchically appends mRNA–protein and mRNA–mRNA dependencies to define an optimal gene-specific model linking mRNAs to protein. For dozens of cell lines and primary samples, these protein inferences from mRNA outmatch stringent null models, a count-based protein-abundance repository, empirical mRNA-to-protein ratios, and a proteogenomic DREAM challenge winner. The optimal mRNA-to-protein relationships capture biological processes along with hundreds of known protein-protein complexes, suggesting mechanistic relationships. We use the method to identify a viral-receptor abundance threshold for coxsackievirus B3 susceptibility from 1489 systems-biology infection models parameterized by protein inference. When applied to 796 RNA-seq profiles of breast cancer, inferred copy-number estimates collectively re-classify 26–29% of luminal tumors. By adopting a gene-centered perspective of mRNA–protein covariation across different biological contexts, we achieve accuracies comparable to the technical reproducibility of contemporary proteomics.
Prediction of the 3D cancer genome from whole-genome sequencing using InfoHiC
Authors: Lee Yeonghun , Park Sung-Hye , Lee Hyunju 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe 3D genome prediction in cancer is crucial for uncovering the impact of structural variations (SVs) on tumorigenesis, especially when they are present in noncoding regions. We present InfoHiC, a systemic framework for predicting the 3D cancer genome directly from whole-genome sequencing (WGS). InfoHiC utilizes contig-specific copy number encoding on the SV contig assembly, and performs a contig-to-total Hi-C conversion for the cancer Hi-C prediction from multiple SV contigs. We showed that InfoHiC can predict 3D genome folding from all types of SVs using breast cancer cell line data. We applied it to WGS data of patients with breast cancer and pediatric patients with medulloblastoma, and identified neo topologically associating domains. For breast cancer, we discovered super-enhancer hijacking events associated with oncogenic overexpression and poor survival outcomes. For medulloblastoma, we found SVs in noncoding regions that caused super-enhancer hijacking events of medulloblastoma driver genes (GFI1, GFI1B, and PRDM6). In addition, we provide trained models for cancer Hi-C prediction from WGS at https://github.com/dmcb-gist/InfoHiC, uncovering the impacts of SVs in cancer patients and revealing novel therapeutic targets.
Mutation in the mitochondrial chaperone TRAP1 leads to autism with more severe symptoms in males
Authors: Rydzanicz Małgorzata , Kuzniewska Bozena , Magnowska Marta , Wójtowicz Tomasz , Stawikowska Aleksandra , Hojka Anna , Borsuk Ewa , Meyza Ksenia , Gewartowska Olga , Gruchota Jakub , Miłek Jacek , Wardaszka Patrycja , Chojnicka Izabela , Kondrakiewicz Ludwika , Dymkowska Dorota , Puścian Alicja , Knapska Ewelina , Dziembowski Andrzej , Płoski Rafał , Dziembowska Magdalena 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThere is increasing evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but the causal relationships are unclear. In an ASD patient whose identical twin was unaffected, we identified a postzygotic mosaic mutation p.Q639* in the TRAP1 gene, which encodes a mitochondrial chaperone of the HSP90 family. Additional screening of 176 unrelated ASD probands revealed an identical TRAP1 variant in a male patient who had inherited it from a healthy mother. Notably, newly generated knock-in Trap1 p.Q641* mice display ASD-related behavioral abnormalities that are more pronounced in males than in females. Accordingly, Trap1 p.Q641* mutation also resulted in sex-specific changes in synaptic plasticity, the number of presynaptic mitochondria, and mitochondrial respiration. Thus, the TRAP1 p.Q639* mutation is the first example of a monogenic ASD caused by impaired mitochondrial protein homeostasis.
The effect of volume loading on the extrusion of bimodal glass bead mixtures
Authors: Lawrence Joseph R. , Lipic Hugh R. , Manship Timothy D. , Son Steven F. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing has provided new methods for generating complex geometries of composite energetic materials. Additive manufacturing of ammonium-perchlorate composite propellants through direct-ink-write experiences extrusion limitations due to the high viscosities of highly solids loaded propellants. Vibration-assisted printing (VAP) was developed as a method to extend the extrudability limits and extrusion speeds observed with direct-ink-write systems. This study compares the mass flowrates and extrudability limits for bimodal mixtures of glass beads and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) binder for both VAP and direct-ink-write printing as a function of volume percent solids loading. The VAP system was able to print higher volume loadings and significantly higher mass flowrate than the direct-ink-write system. The bimodal glass bead mixtures were also compared to a previous study that focused on the extrusion of monomodal glass beads/HTPB mixtures. Interestingly, bimodal mixtures were shown to extrude quicker than monomodal mixtures at all volume loadings and across both printing systems.
AMPK and O-GlcNAcylation: interplay in cardiac pathologies and heart failure
Authors: Vanni Ettore , Beauloye Christophe , Horman Sandrine , Bertrand Luc 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Heart failure (HF) represents a multifaceted clinical syndrome characterized by the heart’s inability to pump blood efficiently to meet the body’s metabolic demands. Despite advances in medical management, HF remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In recent years, considerable attention has been directed toward understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying HF pathogenesis, with a particular focus on the role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and protein O-GlcNAcylation. This review comprehensively examines the current understanding of AMPK and O-GlcNAcylation signalling pathways in HF, emphasizing their interplay and dysregulation. We delve into the intricate molecular mechanisms by which AMPK and O-GlcNAcylation contribute to cardiac energetics, metabolism, and remodelling, highlighting recent preclinical and clinical studies that have explored novel therapeutic interventions targeting these pathways.
Floating Ball Voice Therapy: Preliminary Effects on Outcomes and Predicting Individual Patient Differences in Generalization
Authors: Van Stan Jarrad H. , Hillman Robert E. , Krusemark Carol , Muise Jason , Stadelman-Cohen Tara , Mehta Daryush D. , Sternad Dagmar 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
Floating ball voice therapy (FBVT) is a voice-controlled virtual environment based on a common treatment component across multiple evidence-based therapies: improved vocal efficiency (target) via practicing voicing with modified resonance and airflow (ingredient). This study preliminarily tested FBVT's effects on outcomes and the potential for its novel variability metrics to predict individual patient generalization.

Method:
Ten patients with nonphonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction (NPVH) practiced FBVT for 10 days. Outcomes were assessed by a vocal efficiency ratio, a validated NPVH index, the patient-reported Voice-Related Quality of Life (V-RQOL), and forced-choice auditory judgments of overall severity. Exploration in early practice (Day 1) was estimated by how the patient's two-dimensional variability (mean airflow and intensity) related to error (difference between the patient-produced and normative vocal efficiency ratio). Generalization from the game to spontaneous speech was evaluated using the validated NPVH index.

Results:

Ten days of FBVT were associated with improved vocal efficiency (Cohen's
d
= 1.3), NPVH index (
d
= −1.1), V-RQOL total score (
d
= 0.9), and overall severity (odds ratio = 2.5). Patients who generalized on Day 10 exhibited airflow/intensity exploration that was more aligned with the error gradient on Day 1 (
d
= 0.6–1.2).

Conclusions:
A relatively small dosage of FBVT (i.e., 10 practice sessions) was associated with multiple improved voice therapy outcomes. The FBVT variability metrics on Practice Day 1 demonstrated strong potential to predict which patients generalized to connected speech. Future work can more thoroughly evaluate effects on outcomes and characterizing the quality of vocal exploration with a larger patient population.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27040873
Secure data sharing technology of medical privacy data in the Web 3.0
Authors: Guo Shusheng , Chen Cheng , Tong Qing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe development of Web 3.0 technology may signify the dawn of a new digital era. Its concepts of co‐management, co‐construction, and sharing address the need for private data sharing among medical institutions. However, the sharing of private data has been challenging due to the lack of effective monitoring methods and authorization mechanisms. Additionally, controlling the scope of data sharing, providing incentives, and ensuring legal compliance have presented difficulties. To this end, a medical privacy data security sharing model based on key technologies of Web 3.0 has been proposed and implemented. It stores the source data in Inter Planetary File System by constructing an index of private data keywords, generates trapdoors using query keywords, and achieves retrieval of ciphertext data. Finally, data users apply to multiple parties for joint secure computing to obtain the use of private data. The experimental results indicate that when the size of the private data is less than 5 MB, with 3000 ciphertext indexes and three search keywords, both encryption and decryption times are around 50 ms, and the retrieval time is approximately 1.6 s. This performance is adequate for typical medical privacy sharing and computing scenarios.
MultiJSQ: Direct joint segmentation and quantification of left ventricle with deep multitask‐derived regression network
Authors: Du Xiuquan , Pei Zheng , Liu Ying , Cao Xinzhi , Li Lei , Li Shuo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractQuantitative analysis of clinical function parameters from MRI images is crucial for diagnosing and assessing cardiovascular disease. However, the manual calculation of these parameters is challenging due to the high variability among patients and the time‐consuming nature of the process. In this study, the authors introduce a framework named MultiJSQ, comprising the feature presentation network (FRN) and the indicator prediction network (IEN), which is designed for simultaneous joint segmentation and quantification. The FRN is tailored for representing global image features, facilitating the direct acquisition of left ventricle (LV) contour images through pixel classification. Additionally, the IEN incorporates specifically designed modules to extract relevant clinical indices. The authors’ method considers the interdependence of different tasks, demonstrating the validity of these relationships and yielding favourable results. Through extensive experiments on cardiac MR images from 145 patients, MultiJSQ achieves impressive outcomes, with low mean absolute errors of 124 mm2, 1.72 mm, and 1.21 mm for areas, dimensions, and regional wall thicknesses, respectively, along with a Dice metric score of 0.908. The experimental findings underscore the excellent performance of our framework in LV segmentation and quantification, highlighting its promising clinical application prospects.