bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of riboflavin/UVA cross‐linking on anti‐degeneration and promoting angiogenic capability of decellularized liver matrix
Authors: Xiang Junxi , Liu Peng , Zheng Xinglong , Dong Dinghui , Fan Shujuan , Dong Jian , Zhang Xufeng , Liu Xuemin , Wang Bo , Lv Yi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWeak mechanical property and unstable degradation rate limited the application of decellularized liver matrix in tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to explore a new method for improving the mechanical properties, anti‐degeneration and angiogenic capability of decellularized liver matrix. This was achieved by a novel approach using riboflavin/ultraviolet A treatment to induce collagen cross‐linking of decellularized matrix. Histological staining and scanning electron microscope showed that the diameter of cross‐linked fibers significantly increased compared with the control group. The average peak load and Young's modulus of decellularized matrix were obviously improved after cross‐linking. Then we implanted the modified matrix into the rat hepatic injury model to test the anti‐degeneration and angiogenic capability of riboflavin/UVA cross‐linked decellularized liver scaffolds in vivo. The results indicated that cross‐linked scaffolds degrade more slowly than those in the control group. In the experiment group, average microvessel density in the implanted matrix was higher than that in the control group since the first week after implantation. In conclusion, we initiated the method to improve the biomechanical properties of decellularized liver scaffolds by riboflavin/UVA cross‐linking, and more importantly, its improvement on anti‐degeneration and angiogenesis was identified. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2662–2669, 2017.
Dynamic compression of human and ovine meniscal tissue compared with a potential thermoplastic elastomer hydrogel replacement
Authors: Fischenich Kristine M. , Boncella Katie , Lewis Jackson T. , Bailey Travis S. , Haut Donahue Tammy L. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractUnderstanding how human meniscal tissue responds to loading regimes mimetic of daily life as well as how it compares to larger animal models is critical in the development of a functionally accurate synthetic surrogate. Seven human and eight ovine cadaveric meniscal specimens were regionally sectioned into cylinders 5 mm in diameter and 3 mm thick along with 10 polystyrene‐b‐polyethylene oxide block copolymer‐based thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) hydrogels. Samples were compressed to 12% strain at 1 Hz for 5000 cycles, unloaded for 24 h, and then retested. No differences were found within each group between test one and test two. Human and ovine tissue exhibited no regional dependency (p < 0.05). Human samples relaxed quicker than ovine tissue or the TPE hydrogel with modulus values at cycle 50 not significantly different from cycle 5000. Ovine menisci were found to be similar to human menisci in relaxation profile but had significantly higher modulus values (3.44 MPa instantaneous and 0.61 MPa after 5000 cycles compared with 1.97 and 0.11 MPa found for human tissue) and significantly different power law fit coefficients. The TPE hydrogel had an initial modulus of 0.58 MPa and experienced less than a 20% total relaxation over the 5000. Significant differences in the magnitude of compressive modulus between human and ovine menisci were observed, however the relaxation profiles were similar. Although statistically different than the native tissues, modulus values of the TPE hydrogel material were similar to those of the human and ovine menisci, making it a material worth further investigation for use as a synthetic replacement. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2722–2728, 2017.
A reappraisal of the proposed metabolic and antioxidant actions of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in the liver
Authors: Castro Lorena dos Santos , Bracht Lívia , Comar Jurandir Fernando , Peralta Rosane Marina , Bracht Adelar 
Published: May 2017

AbstractButylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) was investigated for its metabolic actions in the perfused rat liver. Contrary to what is expected from an uncoupler, BHT up to 500 μM did not stimulate oxygen uptake nor did it inhibit gluconeogenesis from lactate. Transformation of fructose into glucose was also not affected by BHT; only lactate production was slightly increased at the concentration of 100 μM. The uncoupling effect of BHT in isolated mitochondria was confirmed, but only at concentrations above 10 μM; uncoupling at lower concentrations, 10−9 to 10−6 M, could not be confirmed. BHT, however, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in isolated mitochondria, starting at the concentration of 10−8 M. This is the opposite of what can be expected from a compound with proven ex vivo antioxidant action. One cannot exclude the possibility that, in mitochondria, stimulation of ROS production rather than uncoupling could be the most significant effect of BHT.
Characterization and ammonia adsorption of biochar prepared from distillers' grains anaerobic digestion residue with different pyrolysis temperatures
Authors: Zheng Xuebo , Yang Zhiman , Xu Xiaohui , Dai Meng , Guo Rongbo 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDIncreasing attention is being paid to find an alternative way to handle biogas residue from biogas production which is important for sustainable development of biogas project. In this study, biochars from distillers' grains anaerobic digestion residue (BRC) in the pyrolysis temperature range of 300 to 800°C were prepared. Subsequently, elemental analysis, thermal stability, specific surface area (SSA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and the performance of ammonia (NH4+) adsorption were studied.RESULTSBRC produced at 700°C exhibited the highest SSA (251.47 m2 g−1). Generally, the pH (6.2–8.4), ash (17.58–36.93%), carbon (48.09–56.18%) and the NH4+ adsorption capacity (1.95–5.86 mg N g−1) of BRC increased with increasing pyrolysis temperature (300–700°C). However, for pyrolysis yield (76.39–40.44%), volatile matter (48.72–4.69%), phenolic (0.85–0.01 mmol g−1), total acidity (1.39–0.21 mmol g−1) and the contribution of H (4.92–1.13%), O (29.41–5.76%), O/C (0.61–0.10), H/C (0.10–0.02), (O+N)/C (0.65–0.13), an opposite trend was found.CONCLUSIONSPyrolysis temperature has a significant effect on the physicochemical properties of BRC and thus on the quantity of NH4+ adsorbed. The BRC produced at 700°C could serve as a highly efficient material for NH4+ removal, therefore presenting a high value‐added application for biogas residues. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Association between vascular rings and learning performance: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Chen Fong‐Lin , Liaw Yung‐Po , Hsu Shu‐Yi , Nfor Oswald Ndi 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundChronic tracheal obstruction has been associated with learning deficits; hence, early surgical intervention has been suggested.AimTo evaluate the relationship between learning performance and vascular ring caused by an isolated aberrant right subclavian artery.MethodsParticipants included 1,685 undergraduate students (ie, students of medical informatics and medical/public health students) in Central Taiwan. The diagnostic period was from 2005 to 2010. Vascular ring was diagnosed by two‐dimensional echocardiographic screening and was validated by esophagogram. The reference group (medical students) was associated with higher learning performance, whereas the comparison group (students of medical informatics and public health) was associated with lower learning performance. Multiple logistic regression was used for analysis.ResultsThe prevalence of vascular ring among the reference and comparison groups was 0.48 and 2.03%, respectively. The odds ratio for the vascular ring was 4.90 (95% confidence interval: 1.30–18.40) after adjusting for potential confounders.ConclusionsThis study suggests that vascular ring can impact learning efficiency and advocates for larger dedicated studies. © 2017 The Authors Journal of Clinical Ultrasound Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:556–560, 2017
Cervical varices: An unusual source of first‐trimester hemorrhage
Authors: Wax Joseph R. , Cartin Angelina , Litton Christian , Conroy Kelley , Pinette Michael G. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTEndocervical varices are a rare cause of obstetrical hemorrhage. Usually presenting in the second and third trimesters, bleeding varices often require pregnancy termination or indicated preterm birth via cesarean delivery. Our patient experienced variceal hemorrhage at 12 weeks' gestation in a dichorionic twin pregnancy conceived through in vitro fertilization. A low‐lying placenta resolved at 19 weeks followed by variceal regression at 22 weeks' gestation. Endocervical varices causing first‐trimester hemorrhage may regress with resolution of a coexisting low placental implantation, permitting planned vaginal delivery, despite progressive hemodynamic changes of pregnancy. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 46:218–221, 2018
Ultrafast dynamic contrast‐enhanced mri of the breast using compressed sensing: breast cancer diagnosis based on separate visualization of breast arteries and veins
Authors: Onishi Natsuko , Kataoka Masako , Kanao Shotaro , Sagawa Hajime , Iima Mami , Nickel Marcel Dominik , Toi Masakazu , Togashi Kaori 
Published: May 2017

PurposeTo evaluate the feasibility of ultrafast dynamic contrast‐enhanced (UF‐DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with compressed sensing (CS) for the separate identification of breast arteries/veins and perform temporal evaluations of breast arteries and veins with a focus on the association with ipsilateral cancers.Materials and MethodsOur Institutional Review Board approved this study with retrospective design. Twenty‐five female patients who underwent UF‐DCE MRI at 3T were included. UF‐DCE MRI consisting of 20 continuous frames was acquired using a prototype 3D gradient‐echo volumetric interpolated breath‐hold sequence including a CS reconstruction: temporal resolution, 3.65 sec/frame; spatial resolution, 0.9 × 1.3 × 2.5 mm. Two readers analyzed 19 maximum intensity projection images reconstructed from subtracted images, separately identified breast arteries/veins and the earliest frame in which they were respectively visualized, and calculated the time interval between arterial and venous visualization (A‐V interval) for each breast.ResultsIn total, 49 breasts including 31 lesions (breast cancer, 16; benign lesion, 15) were identified. In 39 of the 49 breasts (breasts with cancers, 16; breasts with benign lesions, 10; breasts with no lesions, 13), both breast arteries and veins were separately identified. The A‐V intervals for breasts with cancers were significantly shorter than those for breasts with benign lesions (P = 0.043) and no lesions (P = 0.007).ConclusionUF‐DCE MRI using CS enables the separate identification of breast arteries/veins. Temporal evaluations calculating the time interval between arterial and venous visualization might be helpful in the differentiation of ipsilateral breast cancers from benign lesions.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:97–104.
Dose‐dependence of transient respiratory motion artifacts on gadoxetic acid‐enhanced arterial phase MR images
Authors: Morisaka Hiroyuki , Motosugi Utaroh , Ichikawa Shintaro , Onishi Hiroshi 
Published: May 2017

PurposeTo compare the occurrence of transient respiratory motion (TM) artifacts between 0.05 mmol/kg and 0.025 mmol/kg gadoxetic‐acid on arterial phase MRI intra‐individually for evaluating dose‐dependence of gadoxetic acid.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study involved 91 patients who underwent dynamic MRI at 1.5T at different times, one time with 0.05 mmol/kg and the other 0.025 mmol/kg gadoxetic‐acid. Examinations with 0.05 mmol/kg totaled 91 scans, and examinations with 0.025 mmol/kg totaled 375 scans (due to multiple exams for several patients). The scan with 0.025 mmol/kg closest in time to the 0.05 mmol/kg scan was selected to minimize temporal effects. Two radiologists graded TM artifacts in the arterial phase images using a four‐point scale: no, mild, moderate, and severe artifacts. Results were compared between the two protocols (0.05 mmol/kg versus all 0.025 mmol/kg and 0.05 mmol/kg versus selected 0.025 mmol/kg), and the odds ratio for moderate‐to‐severe artifacts was calculated.ResultsSignificantly more TM artifacts were observed in the double dose (16/91 [17%]) scans compared with either all (17/375 [4%]; P < 0.01) or selected (3/91 [3%]; P = 0.01) standard dose scans. The odds ratio of the moderate‐to‐severe artifacts with the higher dose was 4.99–5.33.ConclusionThere appears to be dose‐dependence of gadoxetic‐acid and the occurrence of TM artifacts.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:433–438.
Association of diabetes mellitus and biochemical knee cartilage composition assessed by T2 relaxation time measurements: Data from the osteoarthritis initiative
Authors: Chanchek Nattagan , Gersing Alexandra S. , Schwaiger Benedikt J. , Nevitt Michael C. , Neumann Jan , Joseph Gabby B. , Lane Nancy E. , Zarnowski Julia , Hofmann Felix C. , Heilmeier Ursula , McCulloch Charles E. , Link Thomas M. 
Published: May 2017

PurposeTo investigate the association of the presence and severity of diabetes mellitus (DM) with articular cartilage composition, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐based T2 relaxation time measurements, and structural knee abnormalities.Materials and MethodsIn the Osteoarthritis Initiative 208, participants with DM (age 63.0 ± 8.9 years; 111 females) and risk factors for osteoarthritis (OA) or mild radiographic tibiofemoral OA (Kellgren–Lawrence [KL] grade ≤2) were identified and group‐matched with 208 controls without DM (age 63.3 ± 9.1 years; 111 females). Subjects with diabetes‐related renal or ophthalmological complications or insulin treatment at baseline (n = 50) were defined as severe DM. 3T MR images of the right knee were assessed for articular cartilage T2, including texture and laminar analyses derived from the patella, medial, and lateral femur and tibia and for structural abnormalities using the modified whole‐organ magnetic resonance imaging score (WORMS). Clustered linear regression analyses were used to assess associations of DM with MRI findings.ResultsDM subjects had significantly higher cartilage T2 in the patella (mean difference 0.92 msec [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.79, 1.06]; P = 0.001) and medial femur (mean difference 0.36 msec [95% CI 0.27, 0.81]; P = 0.006) compared to controls. Averaged over all compartments, DM subjects showed significantly higher texture parameters (variance, P = 0.001; contrast, P = 0.002; entropy, P < 0.001). Subjects with severe DM additionally showed higher T2 in the medial tibial deep and superficial layers (P = 0.011 and P = 0.041) compared to controls. No significant differences in cartilage, meniscus, and overall WORMS were found between the groups (P > 0.05).ConclusionIn comparison to nondiabetic controls, cartilage in DM subjects showed higher and more heterogeneous cartilage T2 values, indicating increased articular cartilage degeneration. This affected even more compartments in subjects with severe DM.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: 5J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:380–390.
Computer‐aided diagnosis program for classifying the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma on MR images following liver imaging reporting and data system (LI‐RADS)
Authors: Kim Youngwoo , Furlan Alessandro , Borhani Amir A. , Bae Kyongtae T. 
Published: May 2017

PurposeTo develop and evaluate a computer‐aided diagnosis (CAD) program for liver lesions on magnetic resonance (MR) images for classification of the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following the liver imaging reporting and data system (LI‐RADS).Materials and MethodsLiver MR images from 41 patients with hyperenhancing liver lesions categorized as LR 3, 4, and 5 were evaluated by two radiologists. The major LI‐RADS features of each index liver lesion were recorded, including size (maximum transverse diameter), presence of hyperenhancement, washout appearance, and capsule appearance. A CAD program was implemented to register MR images at different contrast‐enhancement phases, segment liver lesions, extract lesion features, and classify lesions according to LI‐RADS. The LI‐RADS features quantified by CAD were compared with those assessed by radiologists using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and receiver operator curve (ROC) analyses. The LI‐RADS categorization between CAD and radiologists was evaluated using the weighted Cohen's kappa coefficient.ResultsThe mean and standard deviation of the lesion diameters were 21 ± 11 mm (range, 7–70 mm) by radiologists and 22 ± 11 mm (range, 8–72 mm) by CAD (ICC, 0.96–0.97). The area under the curve (AUC) for the washout assessment by CAD was 0.79–0.93 with sensitivity 0.69–0.82 and specificity 0.79–1. The AUC for the capsule assessment by CAD was 0.79–0.9 with sensitivity 0.75–0.9 and specificity 0.82–0.96. The classifications by the radiologists and CAD coincided in 76–83% lesions (k = 0.57–0.71), while the agreements between radiologists were in 78% lesions (k = 0.59).ConclusionWe developed a CAD program for liver lesions on MR images and showed a substantial agreement in the LI‐RADS‐based classification of the risk of HCCs between the CAD and radiologists.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:710–722.
Distribution of blood flow velocity in the normal aorta: Effect of age and gender
Authors: Garcia Julio , van der Palen Roel L.F. , Bollache Emilie , Jarvis Kelly , Rose Michael J. , Barker Alex J. , Collins Jeremy D. , Carr James C. , Robinson Joshua , Rigsby Cynthia K. , Markl Michael 
Published: May 2017

PurposeTo apply flow distribution analysis in the entire aorta across a wide age range from pediatric to adult subjects.Material and MethodsIn all, 98 healthy subjects (age 9–78 years, 41 women) underwent 4D flow MRI at 1.5T and 3T for the assessment of 3D blood flow in the thoracic aorta. Subjects were categorized into age groups: group 1 (n = 9, 5 women): 9–15 years; group 2 (n = 13, 8 women): 16–20 years; group 3 (n = 27, 14 women): 21–39 years; group 4 (n = 40, 11 women): 40–59 years; group 5 (n = 9, 3 women): >60 years. Data analysis included the 3D segmentation of the aorta, aortic valve peak velocity, mid‐ascending aortic diameter, and calculation of flow velocity distribution descriptors (mean, median, standard deviation, incidence of velocities >1 m/s, skewness, and kurtosis of aortic velocity magnitude). Ascending aortic diameter was normalized by body surface area.ResultsAge was significantly associated with normalized aortic diameter (R = 0.73, P < 0.001), skewness (R = 0.76, P < 0.001), and kurtosis (R = 0.74, P < 0.001), all adjusted by heart rate. Aortic peak velocity and velocity distribution descriptors, adjusted by heart rate, were significantly different between age groups (P < 0.001, analysis of covariance). Skewness and kurtosis significantly increased (P < 0.001) during adulthood (>40 years) as compared with childhood (<21 years). Men and women revealed significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) for peak velocity, incidence, mean, median, standard deviation, and skewness, all adjusted by heart rate.ConclusionAortic hemodynamics significantly change with age and gender, indicating the importance of age‐ and gender‐matched control cohorts for the assessment of the impact of cardiovascular disease on aortic blood flow.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 5J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:487–498.
Multiresidue analysis of glucocorticoids in milk by LC–MS/MS with low‐temperature purification and dispersive solid‐phase extraction
Authors: Ma Lili , Fan Xiaojing , Jia Li , Wang Jiaqi , Wang Suli , Zhao Liuwei 
Published: May 2017

A multiresidue method for the determination of 12 glucocorticoids (clobetasol propionate, budesonide, triamcinolone, triamcinolone acetonide, fludrocortisone acetate, flumethasone, beclomethasone, prednisone acetate, 6‐α‐methylprednisolone, hydrocortisone, cortisone, and prednisone) in bovine milk was developed using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Isoflupredone was used as an internal standard. Milk samples were treated with ethyl acetate to extract glucocorticoids and were frozen at −20°C for 6 h to precipitate fat. The extract was dried under nitrogen, and residues were dissolved in an acetonitrile/water solution. A further clean‐up step was used by dispersive solid‐phase extraction, with octadecyl silica and primary secondary amine as the absorbents. The recoveries of glucocorticoids spiked at 0.5, 1.0, 10.0 μg/kg ranged from 75.7 to 117.3%, except for clobetasol propionate and budesonide (16.1–49.5%). The limits of quantification were 0.01–0.5 μg/kg in milk. This method has been successfully applied in real samples. The results demonstrated that this method is simple, robust, and suitable for identification of glucocorticoid residues in milk.
Histological Grade and Immunohistochemical Biomarkers of Breast Cancer: Correlation to Ultrasound Features
Authors: Au Frederick Wing‐Fai , Ghai Sandeep , Lu Fang‐I , Moshonov Hadas , Crystal Pavel 
Published: May 2017

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to correlate various features of breast cancers on ultrasound to their histological grade and immunohistochemical biomarkers.MethodsSeventy‐three patients with 77 invasive breast cancers, diagnosed between August 2011 and December 2014, were included in this prospective analysis. Margin, posterior features, shape, and vascularity were determined from ultrasound and classified according to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System lexicon. Histological grade, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status (positive [+] or negative [−]) were determined from surgical pathology reports. The cancers were categorized into low grade (grades 1 or 2) and high grade (grade 3). Correlation of ultrasound features of the cancers to their histological grade and receptor status was performed.ResultsThere were 47 low‐grade and 29 high‐grade cancers. There was a significant difference in margin and posterior features between the low and high grade, ER + and ER−, and PR + and PR− (all P < .05), but not between HER2 + and HER2− cancers (both P > .05). There was no significant difference in shape and vascularity among the different subtypes (all P > .05). Spiculated margin was significantly associated with low‐grade, ER+, PR + status; angular margin with high grade; microlobulated margin with ER− status; shadowing with PR + status; and enhancement with high grade, ER− status (all P < .05, all odds ratios ≥ 3.94).ConclusionsThere was significant association of margin and posterior features of breast cancers with their histological grade and receptor status.