bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Semiquantitative prediction of early response of conventional transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma using postprocedural plain cone‐beam computed tomography
Authors: Minami Yasunori , Takita Masahiro , Tsurusaki Masakatsu , Yagyu Yukinobu , Ueshima Kazuomi , Murakami Takamichi , Kudo Masatoshi 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAimTo investigate whether plain cone‐beam computed tomography (CT) immediately after conventional transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (c‐TACE) can help to predict tumor response semiquantitatively in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsAnalysis was carried out retrospectively on 262 targeted HCCs in 169 patients treated with c‐TACE. Dynamic CT was performed at baseline and 1–4 months after c‐TACE. Receiver–operating characteristic curve analysis was undertaken to evaluate whether voxel values of cone‐beam CT could predict a complete response and to identify the cut‐off value. Final tumor response assessment and early prediction using the retention pattern of iodized oil, the cut‐off value of the density, and the combination of the cut‐off density value and retention pattern of iodized oil in HCCs on postprocedural cone‐beam CT were compared.ResultsComplete response was obtained in 72.9% of lesions. According to the pattern of iodized oil uptake, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for predicting complete response were 85.9%, 70.4%, and 81.7%, respectively by excellent uptake on cone‐beam CT. The area under the curve was 0.86 with the optimal cut‐off at a voxel value of 200.13. According to not only the density but also the homogeneity of iodized oil retention, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy values for predicting complete response were 86.4%, 95.8%, and 88.9%, respectively. The predictive accuracy was significantly better than that of the pattern of iodized oil retention only (P = 0.019).ConclusionThe combination of density and visual estimate of homogeneity is superior to either alone in predicting tumor response of c‐TACE in HCC patients.
Factors impacting students' online learning experience in a learner‐centred course
Authors: Wu Y. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTechnologies bring a new era of content presentation for online teaching and learning. With more instructors adopting new tools to design online teaching materials, students are often put into learning contexts with certain new design components. Assessing learner experience and outcome in these contexts is challenging because of the complexity involved, as social and individual factors and behavioural impacts of using the new components have to be considered. Few studies have been reported in the literature identifying behavioural factors of learners' online learning experience when they interact with the content. Factors that affect learners' online learning experience, especially the affect factors, are less understood. This study therefore proposed and tested a model that explains the relationships among the affect factors and outcome behaviours of participants' online learning experience, taking into account individual difference, and employing a comparison based on a difference in content presentation. The data were collected from a professional training course offered by a university in the United States. The results support the assumption that time spent in study affects learning outcome and other outcome related behaviours. Also, positive relations between perceived quality of content design and outcome behaviour were found, indicating the effects of sense of presence and feeling of enjoyment on performance of creative tasks. The study intends to foster a deeper understanding of motivation and behaviours of online learning under innovative content design.
Appropriate Implantable Defibrillator Therapy in Adults With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: THAVIKULWAT AMALIE C. , TOMSON TODD T. , KNIGHT BRADLEY P. , BONOW ROBERT O. , CHOUDHURY LUBNA 
Published: May 2016

Appropriate ICD Therapy in HCMIntroductionImplantable cardioverter‐defibrillators (ICDs) are effective at terminating the ventricular arrhythmias that cause sudden cardiac death (SCD) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). However, identifying patients at risk for SCD remains an ongoing challenge.Methods and ResultsWe retrospectively studied all adult patients with HCM treated with ICDs at our referral center from 2000 to 2013 to determine the risk factor profile, rates of appropriate ICD therapy, and complications associated with ICD implantation and discharge. Over a mean follow‐up period of 5.2 ± 4.5 years, ICDs provided appropriate therapy to 25 of 135 patients (2.6%/year for primary prevention, 9.8%/year for secondary prevention). Established risk factors for SCD were equally prevalent among patients who received appropriate therapy and those who did not. There were similar rates of appropriate therapy for primary prevention patients with each risk factor. Patients with multiple risk factors had similar rates of appropriate therapy to patients with a single risk factor. Patients who underwent implantation at a younger age were more likely to experience appropriate therapy. Inappropriate therapy occurred in 27 of 135 patients (20%).ConclusionsThese data indicate that the rate of appropriate ICD therapy for primary prevention in a contemporary adult HCM population is lower than previously reported. The frequency of appropriate therapy was equally modest regardless of the nature and number of risk factors that led to ICD implantation, and patients with multiple risk factors for SCD did not have an increased rate of appropriate therapy.
Can Fat Deposition After Myocardial Infarction Alter the Performance of RF Catheter Ablation of Scar‐Related Ventricular Tachycardia?: Results from a Computer Modeling Study
Authors: PÉREZ JUAN J. , D'AVILA ANDRE , ARYANA ARASH , TRUJILLO MACARENA , BERJANO ENRIQUE 
Published: May 2016

Effect of Fat Deposition on the Performance in RF AblationIntroductionThe outcomes of catheter ablation of scar‐mediated ventricular tachycardia (VT) remain far from perfect. The presence of fat as a component of the underlying substrate for scar‐mediated VT could be relevant since this entity can seriously impede the passage of RF current due to its low electrical conductivity.Methods and ResultsComputer models of RF ablation were built in order to investigate the means by which the spatial heterogeneity of different tissues represented within the ventricular infarct zone, including the viable myocardium, fibrous tissue, and fat, could influence temperature distributions during RF ablation. The results demonstrated that spatial distributions of different tissue types significantly alter the density of electrical current largely as a result of fat impeding the passage of current. However, the thermal lesions appear minimally unaffected by this phenomenon, with variations in depth of ∼1 mm.ConclusionWhile during RF ablation of scar‐related ventricular tachycardia differences in tissue characteristics may affect the density of electrical current on a small‐scale, overall this does not appear to significantly impact the size of the created thermal lesions.
Developmental changes in electroencephalographic frontal asymmetry in young children at risk for depression
Authors: Goldstein Brandon L. , Shankman Stewart A. , Kujawa Autumn , Torpey‐Newman Dana C. , Olino Thomas M. , Klein Daniel N. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundA number of studies have reported that depression is associated with lower relative left frontal activity in the alpha band (i.e. frontal asymmetry, or FA), as measured by electroencephalogram. FA has also been hypothesized to be a vulnerability marker for depression. If this is the case, FA should be evident in offspring of depressed mothers, a group at elevated risk for depression. However, the results of previous offspring studies have been inconsistent and none of these studies has considered whether the relationship between FA and risk changes over development in children.MethodWe assessed FA twice, at ages 3 and 6, in 253 never depressed children from a community sample. Maternal history of depressive disorders was determined by a diagnostic interview completed by the mothers at the first assessment.ResultsThere was a significant interaction between maternal depression and offspring age at assessment, indicating that FA exhibits different developmental trajectories depending on level of familial risk for depression. Offspring of depressed mothers exhibited a decreasing relative left FA over the course of early childhood, while offspring of nondepressed mothers exhibited relatively similar, symmetrical, levels of frontal alpha activity at both assessment points.ConclusionsThese results suggest that changes in FA from early to middle childhood distinguish those at risk for depression and that cross‐sectional assessment of FA may have limited value in understanding risk. These results highlight the importance of considering development in understanding the role of FA in depression.
A known mutation in GJB6 in a large Chinese family with hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
Authors: Yang R. , Hu ZL. , Kong QT. , Li WW. , Zhang LL. , Du X. , Huang SY. , Xia XY. , Sang H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundHidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED), also named as Clouston syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant disease. Mutations in GJB6, GJB2 and GJA1 are related to HED.ObjectiveSummarize the clinical feature and analyse the mutation of the GJB6 gene in a large Chinese family with HED.MethodsWe collected a very large Chinese family with HED. Clinical information was analysed. Blood samples were obtained. The whole coding region of GJB6 was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. The results were further confirmed at mRNA level by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.ResultsSequence analysis identified a heterozygous missense mutation c.263C>T (p.A88V) in genomic DNAs of 25 patients, and this mutation was excluded from 14 normal individuals in this HED family and 218 unrelated, population‐matched control individuals. The transcription of mutated allele was confirmed by RT‐PCR of Cx30 mRNA from proband,s scalp skin. We found a novel phenotype of this variant in this Chinese HED family.ConclusionOur data reveals that a recurrent mutation p.A88V in GJB6 played a pathogenic role in a large Chinese family and emphasizes the importance of gene test in this congenital disorder.
Hospital care following emergency admission: a critical incident case study of the experiences of patients with advanced lung cancer and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Bailey Cara , Hewison Alistair , Karasouli Eleni , Staniszewska Sophie , Munday Daniel 
Published: May 2016

Aims and objectivesTo explore the experiences of patients with advanced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and lung cancer, their carers and healthcare professionals following emergency admission to acute care hospital.BackgroundEmergency admissions of people with lung cancer and COPD have increased and there is global concern about the number of patients who die in hospital. The experience of patients with advanced lung cancer and COPD admitted to hospital as an emergency when nearing the end of life has not previously been investigated.DesignQualitative critical incident case study.MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted with 39 patients (15 with COPD and 24 with lung cancer), 20 informal carers and 50 healthcare professionals, exploring patients’ experiences of emergency hospital admission. Interviews took place after admission and following discharge. Participants nominated relatives and healthcare professionals for interview. Data were analysed thematically.ResultsPatients were satisfied with their ‘emergency’ care but not the care they received once their initial symptoms had been stabilised. The poorer quality care they experienced was characterised by a lack of attention to their fundamental needs, lack of involvement of the family, poor communication about care plans and a lack of continuity between primary and secondary care. A conceptual model of ‘spectacular’ and ‘subtacular’ trajectories of care was used to relate the findings to the wider context of health care provision.ConclusionThe complex nature of illness for patients with advanced respiratory disease makes emergency hospital admissions likely. Whilst patients (with COPD and lung cancer) were satisfied with care in the acute ‘spectacular’ phase of their admission, more attention needs to be given to the continuing care needs of patients in the ‘subtacular’ phase.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis is the first study to explore the patient experience of acute care following an emergency admission and identifies where there is potential for care to be improved.
From expert generalists to ambiguity masters: using ambiguity tolerance theory to redefine the practice of rural nurses
Authors: Knight Kaye , Kenny Amanda , Endacott Ruth 
Published: May 2016

Aims and objectivesTo redefine the practice of rural nurses and describe a model that conceptualises the capabilities and characteristics required in the rural environment.BackgroundThe way in which the practice of rural nurses has been conceptualised is problematic. Definitions of rural nursing have been identified primarily through the functional context of rural health service delivery. The expert generalist term has provided a foundation theory for rural nurses with understandings informed by the scope of practice needed to meet service delivery requirements. However, authors exploring intrinsic characteristics of rural nurses have challenged this definition, as it does not adequately address the deeper, intangible complexities of practice required in the rural context. Despite this discourse, an alternative way to articulate the distinctive nature of rural nursing practice has eluded authors in Australia and internationally.DesignA theoretical paper based on primary research.MethodsThe development of the model was informed by the findings of a study that explored the nursing practice of managing telephone presentations in rural health services in Victoria, Australia. The study involved policy review from State and Federal governments, nursing and medical professional bodies, and five rural health services; semi‐structured interviews with eight Directors of Nursing, seven registered nurses and focus group interviews with eight registered nurses.ResultsAn ambiguity tolerance model drawn from corporate global entrepreneurship theory was adapted to explain the findings of the study. The adapted model presents capabilities and characteristics used by nurses to successfully manage the ambiguity of providing care in the rural context.ConclusionsRedefining the practice of rural nurses, through an adapted theory of ambiguity tolerance, highlights nursing characteristics and capabilities required in the rural context. This perspective offers new ways of thinking about the work of rural nurses, rural nurse policy, education, recruitment, retention and clinical governance.Relevance to clinical practiceA greater understanding of rural nurse practice will assist in achieving positive care outcomes in an environment with competing stakeholder needs, and limited resources and options for care.
Practicability of prenatal testing using lectin‐based enrichment of fetal erythroblasts
Authors: Kanda Eriko , Yura Hirofumi , Kitagawa Michihiro 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate the practicability and efficiency of lectin‐based isolation of fetal erythroblasts for clinical use in non‐invasive prenatal testing.MethodsPeripheral blood samples were collected from 39 pregnant women. Leukocytes were removed with an anti‐CD45 antibody after density gradient centrifugation. After blood cells were attached to slides by binding to a galactose‐specific lectin and galactose‐bound vinyl polymer, the slides were stained with May–Grünwald–Giemsa stain and cells were classified by automated image analysis based on their size and the nuclear area/cytoplasmic area ratio. In 14 samples from the women with male fetuses, fetal origin of the isolated erythroblasts was confirmed by detecting the Y chromosome using fluorescence in situ hybridization. In eight samples, single erythroblasts were collected by the laser capture microdissection technique for amplification of the sex‐determining region Y gene to confirm fetal origin.ResultsPanning with an anti‐CD45 antibody achieved stable removal of leukocytes without aggregation. In all samples, erythroblasts were successfully identified by automated image analysis (18–6000/10 mL of blood). The number of slides required to examine 10 mL of blood ranged from one to six, which was reasonable for clinical use. The Y chromosome was detected in 7.5–43.6% of erythroblasts by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and the sex‐determining region Y gene was amplified in seven of eight samples.ConclusionThe combination of lectin‐based erythroblast isolation and automated image analysis is a practical and efficient method for isolating fetal erythroblasts as a source of fetal genomes.
The effects of cordycepin on the cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis in human lung cancer cell lines A549 and NCI-H460
Authors: Tao Xiandong , Ning Ye , Zhao Xuewei , Pan Tiewen 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Objectives
Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of cordycepin on human lung cancer cell lines A549 and NCI-H460.

Methods
Human lung cancer A549 cells and NCI-H460 cells were treated with different concentrations of cordycepin for different times. Cells incubated without cordycepin were defined as a control. The cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis were, respectively, determined by MTT assay, transwell migration assay and flow cytometry. Additionally, the expression levels of related proteins associated with cell cycle, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and apoptosis were examined.

Key findings
The survival rate of A549 cells and NCI-H460 cells treated with cordycepin significantly decreased compared with untreated cells in a concentration-dependent manner, while the apoptosis rate increased. The migration number of cells treated with cordycepin significantly decreased as the increase in concentration. qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed that the aberrant expression of related molecules associated with cell cycle, migration and apoptosis was observed in the lung cancer cells, such as cyclin B, cyclin E, MMP-9, caspase-3 and Bcl-2.

Conclusions
Cordycepin may exert inhibitory effects on the development of human lung cancer via inhibiting cell proliferation, suppressing migration and inducing apoptosis, suggesting that cordycepin may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of this disease.
Concordance of actigraphy with polysomnography in children with and without attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Waldon Jessica , Begum Esmot , Gendron Melissa , Rusak Benjamin , Andreou Pantelis , Rajda Malgorzata , Corkum Penny 
Published: May 2016

SummaryThis study sought to: (1) compare actigraphy‐derived estimated sleep variables to the same variables based on the gold‐standard of sleep assessment, polysomnography; (2) examine whether the correlations between the measures differ between children with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder and typically developing children; and (3) determine whether these correlations are altered when children with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder are treated with medication. Participants (24 attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder; 24 typically developing), aged 6–12 years, completed a 1‐week baseline assessment of typical sleep and daytime functioning. Following the baseline week, participants in the attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder group completed a 4‐week blinded randomized control trial of methylphenidate hydrochloride, including a 2‐week placebo and 2‐week methylphenidate hydrochloride treatment period. At the end of each observation (typically developing: baseline; attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: baseline, placebo and methylphenidate hydrochloride treatment), all participants were invited to a sleep research laboratory, where overnight polysomnography and actigraphy were recorded concurrently. Findings from intra‐class correlations and Bland–Altman plots were consistent. Actigraphy was found to provide good estimates (e.g. intra‐class correlations >0.61) of polysomnography results for sleep duration for all groups and conditions, as well as for sleep‐onset latency and sleep efficiency for the typically developing group and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder group while on medication, but not for the attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder group during baseline or placebo. Based on the Bland–Altman plots, actigraphy tended to underestimate for sleep duration (8.6–18.5 min), sleep efficiency (5.6–9.3%) and sleep‐onset latency, except for attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder during placebo in which actigraphy overestimated (−2.1 to 6.3 min). The results of the current study highlight the importance of utilizing a multimodal approach to sleep assessment in children with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Immediate effects of phototherapy on sleep in very preterm neonates: an observational study
Authors: Cremer Martin , Jost Kerstin , Gensmer Anna , Pramana Isabelle , Delgado‐Eckert Edgar , Frey Urs , Schulzke Sven M. , Datta Alexandre N. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryProcess C (internal clock) and Process S (sleep–wake homeostasis) are the basis of sleep–wake regulation. In the last trimester of pregnancy, foetal heart rate is synchronized with the maternal circadian rhythm. At birth, this interaction fails and an ultradian rhythm appears. Light exposure is a strong factor influencing the synchronization of sleep–wake processes. However, little is known about the effects of phototherapy on the sleep rhythm of premature babies. It was hypothesized that sleep in preterm infants would not differ during phototherapy, but that a maturation effect would be seen. Sleep states were studied in 38 infants born < 32 weeks gestational age and/or < 1 500 g birth weight. Videos of 3 h were taken over the first 5 days of life. Based on breathing and movement patterns, behavioural states were defined as: awake; active sleep; or quiet sleep. Videos with and without phototherapy were compared for amounts of quiet sleep and active states (awake + active sleep). No significant association between phototherapy and amount of quiet sleep was found (P = 0.083). Analysis of videos in infants not under phototherapy revealed an increase in time spent awake with increasing gestational age. The current data suggest that the ultradian rhythm of preterm infants seems to be independent of phototherapy, supporting the notion that sleep rhythm in this population is mainly driven by their internal clock.