bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Additive Manufacturing of Dense Ceramic Parts via Direct Ink Writing of Aqueous Alumina Suspensions
Authors: Rueschhoff Lisa , Costakis William , Michie Matthew , Youngblood Jeffrey , Trice Rodney 
Published: June 2016

Additive manufacturing of near‐net‐shaped dense ceramic components has been established via room‐temperature direct writing of highly loaded aqueous alumina suspensions in a layer‐by‐layer fashion. The effect of alumina solid loading on rheology, specimen uniformity, density, microstructure, and mechanical properties was studied. All suspensions contained a polymer binder (~5 vol.%), dispersant, and 51–58 vol.% alumina powder. Rheological measurements indicated all suspensions to be yield‐pseuodoplastic, and both yield stress and viscosity were found to increase with increasing alumina solid loading. Shear rates ranging from 19.5 to 24.2/s, corresponding to viscosities of 9.8 to 17.2 Pa·s, for the 53–56 vol.% alumina suspensions were found to produce the best results for the 1.25‐mm tip employed during writing. All parts were sintered to >98% of true density, with grain sizes ranging from 3.2 to 3.7 μm. The average flexure strength, which ranged from 134 to 157 MPa, was not influenced by the alumina solid loading.
Effect of autochthonous starter cultures on the volatile flavour compounds of Chinese traditional fermented fish (Suan yu)
Authors: Gao Pei , Wang Weixin , Jiang Qixing , Xu Yanshun , Xia Wenshui 
Published: June 2016

SummaryEffect of autochthonous starter cultures on the volatile flavour compounds of Chinese traditional fermented fish was studied. Lactobacillus plantarum 120, Staphylococcus xylosus 135 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae 31, isolated from Suan yu, were selected as starter cultures. Volatiles were extracted by headspace solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) and analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry technology (GC‐MS). Esters and alcohols were the main components of volatiles, accounting for over 50 percentage points in all samples. The highest content of esters (3034.54 μg kg−1) was observed in S1 inoculated with L. plantarum 120, while the highest content of alcohols (2164.53 μg kg−1) and ketones (379.98 μg kg−1) was detected in S3 inoculated with S. cerevisiae 31. The content of acids and aldehydes was lower in inoculated samples. Principal component analysis revealed that the volatile composition was primarily influenced by the nature of the starter cultures. L. plantarum 120 and S. xylosus 135 could accelerate fermentation.
Quick response in fashion supply chains with retailers having boundedly rational managers
Authors: Choi Tsan‐Ming 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn fashion retailing, inventory decisions are usually made by a human manager who is not necessarily perfectly rational. In this situation, the inventory decisions made may not always be optimal. At the same time, with advances in technology, fashion retailers have access to the latest market information and can implement the quick response (QR) system that is very helpful to systematically deal with market disruptions. In this paper, we explore the value of QR with the consideration of a boundedly rational human manager in the fashion retailing company. We show that for both cases, with and without QR, the human retail manager's level of bounded rationality significantly hurts the expected profits of the retailer and supply chain, but it does not hurt the manufacturer's expected profit. In addition, for both cases, with and without QR, we indicate how a minimum ordering quantity (MOQ) measure can be imposed by the manufacturer on the retailer, so that the manufacturer
can benefit (in terms of expected profit) from the retailer's bounded rationality behavior. We further prove that if the manufacturer sets the MOQ to be the same as the retailer's theoretical optimal ordering quantity, the manufacturer will enjoy a higher profit with 50% chance, if the retailer is boundedly rational.
Wheat farming system performance and irrigation efficiency in Pakistan: a bootstrapped metafrontier approach
Authors: Watto Muhammad , Mugera Amin 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe depletion of groundwater aquifers has raised serious concerns about the sustainability of groundwater resources with serious repercussions to irrigated agriculture in Pakistan. Within the context of diminishing water resources, it is important to improve agricultural water productivity by making efficient use of the available water resources. This study uses bootstrapped metafrontier data envelopment analysis to investigate technical and irrigation water use efficiency (IWE) of wheat farming in Pakistan. The study uses a cross‐sectional dataset of 200 groundwater‐irrigated wheat farms comprising 100 tube‐well owners and 100 non‐owners (water buyers). The study results suggest considerable improvements in technical and IWE in wheat production among the surveyed farms. The tube‐well owners, on average, are 82% and the water buyers, on average, are 77% technically efficient under the metafrontier framework with slightly higher estimates under the group frontier estimations. The IWE estimates indicate, on average, 66% and 65% IWE among tube‐well owners and water buyers when assessed under the metafrontier specification. As technical efficiency, the group frontier estimates indicate slightly higher IWEs compared to the metafrontier estimates. The most influential factors affecting technical and IWE include farmers’ education, improved seed variety, and farmers’ perceptions about groundwater resource quality and availability.
Group decision making with incomplete information: a dominance and quasi‐optimality volume‐based approach using Monte‐Carlo simulation
Authors: Sarabando Paula , Dias Luis C. , Vetschera Rudolf 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we present a comprehensive framework for multiattribute group decision making considering that neither information about individual preferences nor the importance of individual decision makers for the group is available in exact form. We study several different forms of incomplete preference information, including a ranking of attribute weights, ranking of values of alternatives in each attribute, and ranking of value differences. Our approach is based on relative volumes in parameter space and allows for probabilistic statements about different results, including optimality or quasi‐optimality of alternatives, or relations between alternatives.
Trichostatin A, a histone deacetylase inhibitor suppresses NADPH Oxidase 4‐Derived Redox Signalling and Angiogenesis
Authors: Hakami Nora Y. , Dusting Gregory J. , Peshavariya Hitesh M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractHistone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are known to suppress abnormal development of blood vessels. Angiogenic activity in endothelial cells depends upon NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4)‐dependent redox signalling. We set out to study whether the HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) affects Nox4 expression and angiogenesis. Nox4 expression was measured by real time PCR and Western blot analysis in endothelial cells. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was measured by amplex® red assay in endothelial cells. Nox4 was knocked down by Nox4 shRNA. In vitro angiogenic activities such migration and tubulogenesis were assessed using wound healing and Matrigel assays, respectively. In vivo angiogenic activity was assessed using subcutaneous sponge assay in C57Bl/6 and Nox4‐deficient mice. Trichostatin A reduced Nox4 expression in a time‐ and concentration‐dependent manner. Both TSA and Nox4 silencing decreased Nox4 protein and H2O2. Mechanistically, TSA reduced expression of Nox4 via ubiquitination of p300‐ histone acetyltransferase (p300‐HAT). Thus, blocking of the ubiquitination pathway using an inhibitor of ubiquitin‐activating enzyme E1 (PYR‐41) prevented TSA inhibition of Nox4 expression. Trichostatin A also reduced migration and tube formation, and these effects were not observed in Nox4‐deficient endothelial cells. Finally, transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFβ1) enhanced angiogenesis in sponge model in C57BL/6 mice. This response to TGFβ1 was substantially reduced in Nox4‐deficient mice. Similarly intraperitoneal infusion of TSA (1 mg/kg) also suppressed TGFβ1‐induced angiogenesis in C57BL/6 mice. Trichostatin A reduces Nox4 expression and angiogenesis via inhibition of the p300‐HAT‐dependent pathway. This mechanism might be exploited to prevent aberrant angiogenesis in diabetic retinopathy, complicated vascular tumours and malformations.
TNF‐α augments CXCR2 and CXCR3 to promote progression of renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Sun Kuang‐Hui , Sun Guang‐Huan , Wu Yi‐Ching , Ko Bai‐Jiun , Hsu Hui‐Tzu , Wu Sheng‐Tang 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWithin the tumour microenvironment, a complex network of chemokines and their receptors affects the initiation and progression of tumours. The higher levels of tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) are associated with tumour progression and an anti‐TNF‐α monoclonal antibody has been used successfully to treat patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the role of chemokines and their receptors in the TNF‐α‐promoted progression of RCC remains unclear. In this study, TNF‐α was found to enhance the migration, invasion and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) of RCC cells. To further investigate the molecular mechanism of TNF‐α on the progression of RCC, reverse transcription and quantitative PCR was used to screen chemokines and chemokine receptors that were associated with tumorigenesis. The results showed that TNF‐α significantly increased the expressions of CXCR2 and CXCR3 and their related ligands in RCC cells. Subsequently, we used a lentiviral shRNA system to knockdown the expression of CXCR2 and/or CXCR3 in RCC cells. CXCR2 and CXCR3 silencing inhibited the induction of Slug and ZEB‐1 with TNF‐α treatment of RCC cells. In addition, the knockdown of both CXCR2 and CXCR3 resulted in a greater decrease in cell migration, invasion and clonogenic ability compared with either CXCR2 or CXCR3 knockdown alone. Moreover, CXCR2 and CXCR3 silencing significantly reduced the sphere‐forming ability of RCC cells. High expression levels of CXCR2 and CXCR3 in cancer tissues correlated with tumour progression of renal cell carcinoma. These findings suggest that TNF‐α augments CXCR2 and CXCR3 to promote the progression of renal cell carcinoma leading to a poor prognosis.
Histopathology and reflectance confocal microscopy features of photodamaged skin and actinic keratosis
Authors: Tan J.M. , Lambie D. , Sinnya S. , Sahebian A. , Soyer H.P. , Prow T.W. , Ardigò M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundActinic keratosis (AK) usually co‐exists in areas of severe photodamage, but the clinical applicability of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) in diagnosing AK currently depends on a set of parameters yet to be defined in comparison to photodamaged skin (PD).ObjectiveTo correlate the RCM features of PD and AK with histopathology.MethodsTwenty participants with a mean age of 64 years and skin phototype I and II were studied. RCM was performed on two PD and one AK within a field of 25 cm2 on the left dorsal forearm, followed by shave biopsies. Blinded evaluation of the histopathological and RCM images using established parameters in AK were performed retrospectively in consensus with an expert confocalist, correlated with the histopathological diagnosis by a board‐certified dermatopathologist.ResultsA total of 57/60 areas were included. There were 43/57 (75%) and 14/57 (25%) histopathologically confirmed PD and AK respectively. Individual corneocytes, stratum corneum disruption, dermal inflammatory cells, increased vascularity/dilated vessels and solar elastosis were detected in PD and AK upon histopathology and RCM. The features in favour of AK were parakeratosis, hyperkeratosis, more severe keratinocyte pleomorphism and architectural disruption, and the presence of epidermal inflammatory cells. PD also demonstrated keratinocyte pleomorphism and architectural disruption though this was generally less severe than AK. A small subset of PD exhibited a comparable degree of keratinocyte pleomorphism and architectural disruption to the AKs in the cohort.ConclusionsThe viable epidermis demonstrates PD and AK to be part of a disease continuum corresponding to field cancerization. Individual corneocytes, stratum corneum disruption, dermal inflammatory cells, increased vascularity/dilated vessels and solar elastosis may be present in PD; whereas, parakeratosis and hyperkeratosis may represent the key to distinguishing AK from PD using RCM. The significance of epidermal inflammatory cells in the RCM diagnosis of AK remains to be elucidated.
Dietary carbohydrate composition is associated with polycystic ovary syndrome: a case–control study
Authors: Eslamian G. , Baghestani A.‐R. , Eghtesad S. , Hekmatdoost A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aimed to investigate the association between dietary carbohydrate components and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in Iran.MethodsIn this case–control study, the diagnosis of PCOS was made based on the Rotterdam criteria in hospital clinics. Dietary assessments were performed using a validated semi‐quantitative food frequency questionnaire. In total, 281 women with incident PCOS and 472 age‐matched controls were assessed. Participants were interviewed through the clinics in Tehran, Iran, from February 2012 until March 2014. Average dietary glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) were calculated using GI of Iranian Foods Table and international tables of GI and GL values. We also assessed total dietary carbohydrate, refined grains, whole grains and fibre intakes.ResultsParticipation rates were 97.5% among cases and 96.3% among controls. Mean (SD) dietary GI values among the controls and cases were 51.8 (4.7) and 59.7 (5.9) (P = 0.02) and GL values were 155.34 (35.2) and 173.6 (39.1) (P < 0.001), respectively. The multivariate adjusted odds ratio (OR) comparing the highest tertile of dietary GI and GL with the lowest tertile were 2.18 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.29–3.81; P‐test for trend = 0.012] and 2.39 (95% CI = 1.23–3.01; P‐test for trend = 0.001), respectively, with a significant trend. Fibre intake was inversely associated with PCOS (OR = 0.73; 95% CI = 0.49–0.91; P‐test for trend = 0.013).ConclusionsThe findings of the present study suggest that high dietary GI and GL and low fibre intake are significantly associated with PCOS.
Association between dietary fibre intake with cancer and all‐cause mortality among 15 740 adults: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III
Authors: Chan C. W. , Lee P. H. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundFew prospective studies have examined the longitudinal associations of total dietary fibre intake and water insoluble and soluble fibres with cancer and all‐cause mortality. The present study aimed to examine these associations.MethodsWe studied the effects of total dietary fibre intake and water insoluble and soluble fibres on cancer and all‐cause mortality, using data from 15 740 adult participants [mean (SD) age: 44.53 (19.22) years, 46.60% male] in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III, 1988–1994, who had completed a 24‐h dietary recall. Death certificate data were obtained up to 2006. Participants had been followed for 13.74 years on average. Cox regression was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of total dietary, insoluble and soluble fibres on cancer and all‐cause mortality, with the first quartile as the reference group, adjusted for demographics, lifestyle and dietary factors.ResultsRelative to those in the first quartile of total fibre intake, only the third quartile was associated with all‐cause mortality, with an adjusted HR of 0.87 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.79, 0.97, P = 0.021], and cancer mortality, with an adjusted HR of 0.77 (95% CI = 0.61, 0.99, P = 0.05). The third quartile of insoluble fibre intake was associated with cancer mortality, with an adjusted HR of 0.76 (95% CI = 0.60, 0.96, P = 0.023), and colorectal–anal cancer mortality (in grouped data as provided for public use), with an adjusted HR of 0.42 (95% CI = 0.19, 0.91, P = 0.03).ConclusionsDietary fibre showed protective benefits in terms of mortality risk. Investigating the mechanisms and components of dietary fibres underlying the different protective benefits remains an important consideration for research on fibre‐mortality risk.
Forgiveness in Romantic Relationships: The Roles of Attachment, Empathy, and Attributions
Authors: Kimmes Jonathan G. , Durtschi Jared A. 
Published: June 2016

Therapists can benefit from a more nuanced understanding of underlying processes associated with romantic partners forgiving one another. Greater understanding of the processes linked with forgiveness has the potential to improve therapists' facilitation of forgiveness between partners. Departing from the status quo, the purpose of this investigation was to explore benign attributions and empathy as mechanisms linking attachment with forgiveness. After conducting a longitudinal structural equation model with a sample of young adults in romantic relationships (N = 171), the results showed that benign attributions mediated the association between anxious attachment and forgiveness, and empathy mediated the association between avoidant attachment and forgiveness. Clinically, targeting working models of attachment that underlie benign attributions and empathy may facilitate forgiveness.
Presence of repeating hyperostotic bones in dorsal pterygiophores of the oarfish, Regalecus russellii
Authors: Paig‐Tran E. W. Misty , Barrios Andrew S. , Ferry Lara A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractHyperostosis, excessive bone growth along bone that stems from bone, periosteum or articular or epiphyseal cartilage, occurs in at least 22 families of fishes most of which are tropical or subtropical marine species. While the presence of hyperostosis is well documented in fishes, the mechanism driving the development of the excessive bone growth is unclear. This study documented hyperostosis along the dorsal pterygiophores in both sexes of oarfish, Regalecus russellii; however, it was not present in all specimens examined. This is the second lampridiform fish with hyperostoses and the first case documented in a deeper‐water, epi‐mesopelagic fish. In oarfish, the majority of the dorsal pterygiophores tissues are poorly mineralized, anosteocytic bones with some fish displaying localized stiffened, hyperostotic growths near the distal edge. Oarfish lack a swim bladder so they must continuously beat their bi‐directional dorsal fin to maintain position within the water column while engaged in locomotory behavior. These fishes have areas of localized, hyperostotic skeletal elements along the dorsal pterygiophores that, presumably, function as a stiffened lever system to support fin undulation. It was noted that hyperossification was not present in all fish examined and was only documented in fish with total lengths greater than 3 m.
Utilization of Emergent Neuroimaging for Thrombolysis‐Eligible Stroke Patients
Authors: Sanossian Nerses , Fu Katherine A. , Liebeskind David S. , Starkman Sidney , Hamilton Scott , Villablanca J. Pablo , Burgos Adrian M. , Conwit Robin , Saver Jeffrey L. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDAdvances in diagnostic imaging of stroke include multimodal techniques such as noninvasive angiography and perfusion imaging. We aimed to characterize trends in neuroimaging utilization among acute stroke patients. Utilization of multimodal imaging for acute stroke in the community has remained largely uncharacterized despite its increased adoption at academic medical centers.METHODSWe quantified neuroimaging utilization in the emergency department (ED) for 1,700 hyperacute stroke patients presenting <2 hours after symptom onset who participated in the National Institutes of Health Field Administration of Stroke Therapy‐Magnesium (FAST‐MAG) study throughout Los Angeles and Orange Counties. FAST‐MAG provided no recommendation as to imaging utilization.RESULTSA total of 1,700 cases were imaged a median (interquartile range [IQR]) of 92 (74‐120) minutes after last known well time and 28 (19‐41) minutes after ED arrival. The initial scanner used in the ED was computed tomography (CT) in a preponderance of cases (N = 1,612, 95%), with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 88 cases (5%). CT angiography (CTA) was obtained in 192 (11%) and perfusion CT (CTP) in 91 (5.4%) cases. MRI imaging was universally obtained using diffusion‐weighted images, 60% with MR angiography and 33% included perfusion imaging. Rates of concomitant CTA or CTP use increased in the later years of the study from 4% in 2005–2006, 2% in 2007–2008, 8% in 2009–2010, and 26% in 2011–2012 (P for trend < .001).CONCLUSIONSAmong acute stroke patients, noncontrast CT was the most common initial imaging strategy in clinical practice in the 2005–2012 time period, though use of concomitant CTA grew to one‐quarter of cases, suggestive of an upward trend.
Comparison of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Volume Calculation Methods and Their Impact on Scoring Tools
Authors: Khan Muhib , Baird Grayson L. , Elias Roderick , Rodriguez‐Srednicki Joshua , Yaghi Shadi , Yan Sandra , Collins Scott , Thompson Bradford B. , Wendell Linda C. , Potter Nicholas S. , Fehnel Corey , Saad Ali , Silver Brian 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) volumes are frequently used for prognostication and inclusion of patients in clinical trials. We sought to compare the original ABC/2 method and sABC/2, a simplified version with the planimetric method.METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed admission head CT scans of consecutive ICH patients admitted to a single academic center from July 2012 to April 2013. We assessed ICH volume on the admission. In ABC/2 method, A = greatest hemorrhage diameter by CT, B = diameter perpendicular to A, C = the approximate number of CT slices with hemorrhage multiplied by the slice thickness. C is weighted by area as < 25%, 25–50%, or > 75%. However, in the sABC/2 method, C is the total number of cuts with ICH without any weighting. Bland–Altman plots were generated for both the ABC/2 and sABC/2 methods in comparison to the planimetric method.RESULTSOne hundred thirty‐five patients with spontaneous ICH were included in the final analysis. Bland–Altman analysis illustrated that both ABC/2 and sABC/2 were concordant with the planimetric method. ABC/2 had more bias than sABC/2 (47% vs. 5%, respectively) with no evidence of a linear trend. For differentiating a volume threshold of 30 mL, ABC/2 was less sensitive but more specific than sABC/2 (P < .0001). Concordance between planimetry, ABC/2, and sABC/2 was high, evidenced by most coefficients exceeding .90.CONCLUSIONSimplified ABC/2 (sABC/2) method performs better than ABC/2 in calculating ICH volumes. Moreover, it is better in differentiating a volume threshold of 30 mL. These findings may have implications for outcomes prediction and clinical trials inclusion.