bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic identification of novel regulatory interactions controlling biofilm formation in the bacteriumEscherichia coli
Authors: Amores Gerardo Ruiz , Heras Aitor de las , Sanches-Medeiros Ananda , Elfick Alistair , Silva-Rocha Rafael 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTHere, we investigated novel interactions of three global regulators of the network that controls biofilm formation in the model bacteriumEscherichia coliusing computational network analysis, anin vivoreporter assay and physiological validation experiments. We were able to map critical nodes that govern planktonic to biofilm transition and identify 8 new regulatory interactions for CRP, IHF or Fis responsible for the control of the promoters ofrpoS,rpoE,flhD,fliA,csgDandyeaJ. Additionally, anin vivopromoter reporter assay and motility analysis revealed a key role for IHF as a repressor of cell motility through the control of FliA sigma factor expression. This investigation of first stage and mature biofilm formation indicates that biofilm structure is strongly affected by IHF and Fis, while CRP seems to provide a fine-tuning mechanism. Taken together, the analysis presented here shows the utility of combining computational and experimental approaches to generate a deeper understanding of the biofilm formation process in bacteria.
Exploiting women’s aesthetic labour to fly high in the Chinese airline Industry
Authors: Ren Xiaoni 
Published: June 2017

PurposeDrawing upon the existing theoretical and empirical sourced knowledge of aesthetic labour and gender, this paper aims to explore the exploitation of women’s aesthetic labour in the Chinese airline industry and the underlying causes from a contextual point of view.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative study has emerged from a broader research project which aimed to explore women’s experiences of work-family conflict and their career aspirations in the Chinese airline industry in which aesthetic labour was prevalent as a significant issue during semi-structured interviews with female employees and HR/line management. Thus, the study draws upon interview data focusing on recruitment and selection of flight attendants in three Chinese airlines. This is complemented by secondary sources of data from Chinese television programmes and job advertisements.FindingsThis study reveals that aesthetics is both gendered and context-bound. It exposes that aesthetic labour in Chinese airlines is demanded from women but not men. It highlights that gendered aesthetic labour is continuously shaped by four influential contextual issues – legislation, labour market practices, national culture and airline management practices.Originality/valueBy uncovering the dynamic interconnectedness of gender and aesthetics and illustrating the exploitation of women’s aesthetic labour for commercial gains in Chinese airlines, this paper contributes to the understanding of the gendered aesthetics in the airline industry. It also offers new insights into the theory of aesthetic labour by locating it in a context that differs significantly from other socio-cultural contexts.
Handling negative publicity
Authors: Chung Angie , Jiang Hua 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
Based on the framing theory and the associative network theory, the purpose of this paper is to develop and test a model that examines the impact of employing corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication in apology statements after negative publicity. Specifically, this study examines the role of CSR fit and CSR history in reducing anger and negative word-of-mouth (NWOM). This study also examines whether perceived CSR motivation and skepticism toward the apology statement mediate the effect of CSR fit and CSR history on anger and NWOM.

Design/methodology/approach
This study was a 2×2 between-subject design manipulating CSR fit (high or low) and CSR history (long or short).

Findings
The findings of this study suggest that strategically employing CSR communication in an apology statement after negative publicity may reduce negative consumer reactions.

Originality/value
The effects of CSR history and CSR fit have been studied in different contexts, but the effects of mentioning the two components in terms of apology statements had been understudied. This paper fulfills an identified need to study how employing CSR communication in apology statements after negative publicity can mitigate negative audience reactions.
Compensatory dynamics maintain bird phylogenetic diversity in fragmented tropical landscapes
Authors: Morante‐Filho José Carlos , Arroyo‐Rodríguez Víctor , de Andrade Edyla R. , Santos Bráulio A. , Cazetta Eliana , Faria Deborah 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Tropical forest loss can drive the extinction of forest‐dependent species. Yet, non‐forest species can proliferate in deforested landscapes, thus enabling community‐level attributes (e.g. total abundance and richness) to be maintained in the remaining forest patches. Such compensatory dynamics have been, however, poorly investigated regarding the phylogenetic dimension of species diversity. Here, we assessed whether compensatory dynamics can stabilize the phylogenetic richness, divergence and structure of bird communities in response to forest loss in two regions in the Brazilian Atlantic forest, each under with different levels of land use intensification.

We surveyed birds in 40 forest sites, and assessed the response of five phylogenetic metrics to forest cover measured in local (600‐m radius) landscapes. We separately assessed the entire community, forest‐dependent and non‐forest‐dependent species and used information‐theoretic criteria to assess the effect of forest cover on each response variable. In particular, we evaluated the plausibility of four models: a null model (no effect of forest cover), a linear model, a power law model (nonlinear effect) and an analysis of covariance model (to assess whether the effect of forest cover differed between regions).

Forest cover varied from 7% to 98%, and was positively related to the phylogenetic richness of forest‐dependent species, but negatively related to the phylogenetic richness and divergence of non‐forest birds, particularly in the more disturbed region. As consequence, the phylogenetic richness and divergence of the entire community were weakly related to forest cover.

Forest birds were less phylogenetically clustered in sites surrounded by lower forest cover, but the phylogenetic structure of non‐forest birds was independent of forest cover.

Synthesis and applications. The phylogenetic impoverishment of forest‐dependent birds is offset by the phylogenetic enrichment and divergence of non‐forest‐dependent birds in severely tropical deforested landscapes. These compensatory dynamics suggest that both bird groups are important for safeguarding bird evolutionary diversity in human‐modified landscapes. Although deforested landscapes are reservoirs of bird phylogenetic diversity, suggesting that ecosystem functioning may be maintained in these sites, preventing further deforestation is urgently needed to preserve forest birds and their key ecological roles in the ecosystem.
The use of antioxidant agents for chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy treatment in animal models
Authors: Carvalho Larissa F , Silva Ana Maria F , Carvalho Adriana A 
Published: June 2017

SummaryAntineoplastic drugs such as cisplatin, oxaliplatin, paclitaxel and vincristin are widely used in the treatment of several solid and blood tumours. However, the severity of peripheral neuropathy caused by these agents can affect the patient's quality of life. The major symptoms of chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) involve: sensory loss, paresthesia, dysesthaesia, numbness, tingling, temperature sensitivity, allodynia and hyperalgesia, in a “stocking and glove” distribution. Why many different chemotherapeutic agents result in similar neuropathy profiles is unclear. Many drug classes such as antidepressants, anticonvulsants, antispastic agents and others have been used in clinical practice, but there is no scientific evidence to prove their effectiveness. But drugs as the antioxidant have shown a protective effect against free radical damage. In order to find out a successful treatment for CIPN, animal studies (ie pharmacological and mechanical tests and histopathological immunohistochemical analyses) have been developed to try to determinate the action of the antioxidant agents. This review provides an overview of the major antioxidant agents recently investigated to treat CIPN and the animal models used for this purpose.
Latent Fingermark Development on Thermal Paper using 1,2‐Indanedione/Zinc and Polyvinylpyrrolidone,
Authors: Hong Sungwook , Kim Minseok , Yu Seoungho 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPolyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) has been used in combination with 1,2‐indanedione (1,2‐IND) and ZnCl2 (Zn) to develop latent fingermarks. The results show that the optimal ratio of 1,2‐IND/Zn:PVP is 1.0:0.4 (the concentration of PVP is 8%) for developing fingermark. The developed formulation was tested on the surfaces of 12 kinds of thermal papers. The variation in the fingermark development efficiency was observed within the same and among different kinds of thermal papers. The fingermark development efficiency was mostly better on the thermally sensitive surface compared to the thermally nonsensitive surface. However, similar or even better development was observed from a few thermally nonsensitive surfaces. The present method has shown better efficiency compared to the three other proposed methods on the thermally sensitive surface. In contrast, the present method was proven not the best for the thermally nonsensitive surface.
Auditors’ Joint Engagements and Audit Quality: Evidence from Italian Private Companies
Authors: Bianchi Pietro A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis study examines the effect of auditors’ collaboration in joint audit engagements on knowledge transfer, auditor expertise, and audit outcomes. I employ a unique sample of Italian private companies whose financial statements are jointly audited by three individual auditors and use measures from the network literature to capture the intensity of interactions between these auditors. I find a positive association between several audit quality proxies and auditors’ collaboration in multiple joint engagements. My results suggest that auditors develop knowledge and contacts through collaboration which potentially leads to higher audit quality. Overall, my findings suggest that joint engagements facilitate knowledge transfer and increase auditor expertise.
Systemic Thrombolysis, Catheter‐Directed Thrombolysis, and Anticoagulation for Intermediate‐risk Pulmonary Embolism: A Simulation Modeling Analysis
Authors: Kabrhel Christopher , Ali Ayman , Choi Jin G. , Hur Chin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectivesDecision making around the use of thrombolysis for patients with intermediate‐risk (submassive) pulmonary embolism (PE) remains challenging. Studies indicate favorable clinical outcomes with systemic thrombolytics (intravenous tissue plasminogen activator [IV tPA]), but the risk of major bleeding and hemorrhagic stroke is a deterrent. Catheter‐directed thrombolysis (CDT) may be a preferable strategy, as it has been shown to have a lower risk of bleeding than systemic thrombolysis. However, a three‐arm randomized control study comparing IV tPA, CDT, and anticoagulation alone, with long‐term follow up, would be costly and is unlikely to be performed. The aim of this study was to use decision modeling to quantitatively estimate the differences between the three strategies.MethodsWe created an individual‐level state‐transition model to simulate long‐term outcomes of a hypothetical patient cohort treated with IV tPA, CDT, or anticoagulation alone. Our model incorporated clinical randomized controlled trial and longitudinal study data to inform patient characteristics and outcomes specific to each study arm. The base case was a 65‐year‐old patient. Additionally, we utilized preliminary data published by the Pulmonary Embolism Response Team at the Massachusetts General Hospital. Variance in model inputs was addressed with deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Our primary endpoint was quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs). Secondary endpoints included total cost and incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios (ICERs).ResultsCatheter‐directed thrombolysis (mean, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.388 [7.381–7.396] QALYs) resulted in the most long‐term utility for eligible patients compared to anticoagulation alone (7.352 [7.345–7.360] QALYs) or IV tPA (7.343 [7.336–7.351] QALYs). Patients receiving CDT had an elevated risk of hemorrhagic stroke in comparison to anticoagulation alone; however, patients treated with anticoagulation alone were more likely to experience recurrent PE associated adverse outcomes. Results were stable with sensitivity analyses varying age and sex. Our probabilistic sensitivity analysis assessing joint variance predicts CDT to be the most effective strategy, when measured by mean QALYs, in 98.4% of runs, while systemic thrombolysis was favored over anticoagulation alone 34.4% of the time. The ICER of CDT compared to anticoagulation was $317,042 per QALY gained.ConclusionIn our model, for those eligible, CDT results in the largest number of QALYs for patients with intermediate‐risk PE, although it is relatively expensive and the absolute difference in QALYs between anticoagulation alone and CDT is small. Future studies that provide data on longitudinal quality‐of‐life outcomes of patients treated for PE and characteristics of CDT would be beneficial to augment model inputs, inform assumptions, and validate results.
Synthesis, structure, and biological evaluation of a platinum‐carbazole conjugate
Authors: Cheun Young , Koag Myong‐Chul , Naguib Youssef W. , Ouzon‐Shubeita Hala , Cui Zhengrong , Pakotiprapha Danaya , Lee Seongmin 
Published: June 2017

Cisplatin resistance is caused, in part, by the efficient removal of the helix‐distorting cisplatin 1,2‐intrastrand cross‐links by nucleotide excision repair (NER) machinery. To make a platinum‐DNA adduct that causes less helical distortion than the cisplatin 1,2‐intrastrand adduct, we designed and synthesized a monofunctional platinum‐carbazole conjugate (carbazoplatin). The 2.5 Å crystal structure of carbazoplatin‐DNA adduct revealed both the monoplatination of the N7 of a guanine (G) base and the intercalation into two G:C base pairs, while causing a minor distortion of the DNA helix. A 50‐mer dsDNA containing a single carbazoplatin lesion was poorly processed by UvrABC endonuclease, the prokaryotic NER machinery that detects helical distortion and performs dual incision around the lesion. Our cell viability assay indicated that the cytotoxic pathways of carbazoplatin might be different from those of cisplatin; carbazoplatin was 5–8 times more cytotoxic than cisplatin against PANC‐1 and MDA‐MB‐231 cancer cell lines.
The usefulness of the H‐pouch configuration in salvage surgery for failed ileal pouches
Authors: Aydinli H. H. , Peirce C. , Aytac E. , Remzi F. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAimAbdominal salvage surgery for a failed ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (5) is safe and feasible in experienced hands. When salvaging an ileal pouch or creating a new J, S or W pouch may not be feasible, construction of an H‐pouch may be the final option. This study reports a single colorectal surgeon's experience on H‐pouch anal anastomosis in patients referred with a failed ileal pouch.MethodPatients undergoing transabdominal salvage surgery with H‐pouch formation for a failed pouch from February 2012 to May 2016 were evaluated.ResultsFive patients were identified with a mean age of 46 (22–63) years. The pathological diagnosis was mucosal ulcerative colitis in all patients. Three patients had an initial traditional two‐stage J‐pouch creation and two patients had an initial three‐stage approach. The median time to redo pouch surgery after the index IPAA creation was 99 (11–158) months. One patient required excision of the pouch and two patients had a complication within 30 days of surgery.ConclusionThe H‐pouch is a good alternative for a failed IPAA when another type of reservoir is not an option.
NExT: creating an interdisciplinary alliance to diminish informational barriers for public health nursing
Authors: Johnson Emily M. , Jones Krista , Eathington Patricia , Howard Carmen , Raszewski Rebecca , Twigg Naomi M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundPublic health nurses (PHNs) are challenged in obtaining opportunities to learn evidence‐based practice (EBP). An interdisciplinary alliance was created between health sciences librarians and nurse educators to create a continuing education (CE) opportunity.ObjectiveTo measure the effectiveness of CE training for PHNs on the knowledge gained about the EBP process and information resources.MethodsTen in‐person CE workshops were offered to 69 attendees in rural and urban areas. A pre‐test/post‐test survey was administered immediately before and after the training that asked participants to rate their perceived knowledge and comfort levels with EBP concepts and resources.ResultsNinety‐seven per cent of participants reported the training was a good use of their time. Based on a 5‐point Likert scale self‐assessment, participants developed new skills (m = 4.06, SD = 0.968) and were able to find evidence‐based literature (m = 4.16, SD = 0.980). Participants reported increasing their understanding of EBP concepts and familiarity of information resources. All data were statistically significant at P < 0.001 (95% CI).DiscussionWith the interdisciplinary collaboration capitalising on the instructors' disciplinary skill sets, the team was able to create a new effective EBP education intervention for PHNs.ConclusionPublic health nurses were able to increase knowledge of EBP concepts and information resources to utilise in practice or grant development.
Effect of extrusion cooking and simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on condensed tannins and radical scavenging activity of type II and type III whole grain sorghum
Authors: Adarkwah‐Yiadom Martin , Duodu Kwaku G. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThe effect of extrusion cooking and simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on proanthocyanidins in type II and III tannin sorghums was studied. Extrusion cooking was performed at different feed moisture levels (2 L h−1, 3 L h−1, 5 L h−1 and 8 L h−1), with a barrel temperature of 150 °C followed by in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Extrusion cooked samples had lower total phenols, tannin content and radical scavenging properties than unprocessed tannin sorghum flour. For extrudates, there was progressive increase in total phenols and tannin content with increase in feed moisture. Extrusion cooked samples had increased proportion of dimers and decreased oligomers in the two tannin sorghums. Gastric and duodenal digests of the extrudates contained high proportions of monomers and dimers and some oligomeric proanthocyanidin species. Undigested porridges, gastric and duodenal digests inhibited radical‐induced oxidative DNA damage. Extruded tannin sorghum may have health‐promoting potential in relation to combating chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress.
Structure of active cerium sites within bioactive glasses
Authors: Benedetti Francesco , Luches Paola , D'Addato Sergio , Valeri Sergio , Nicolini Valentina , Pedone Alfonso , Menziani Maria Cristina , Malavasi Gianluca 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe inclusion of small amounts of cerium within the matrix of bioactive glasses, a class of materials used for bone tissue reparation and regeneration, adds a very important antioxidant property. In this work we investigate the local structure around cerium ions in cerium oxide doped bioactive phosphosilicate and silicate glasses, by X‐ray absorption fine structure at the Ce K‐edge, combined with classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The local structure of the active Ce sites results significantly different from the one in bulk cerium oxide phases. A contracted Ce–O first shell distance with respect to bulk oxides is detected, in full agreement with the results of MD simulations. The cerium environment in the glass matrix at different stages of the reaction with H2O2 does not show significant modifications, in spite of the very high catalytic activity. The accurate description of the active Ce sites within bioactive glasses reported in this work is an important step toward an atomic scale understanding of the material functionalities.
Pellet‐buffered film seed to grow single grain bulk YBCO
Authors: Yang Chia‐Ming , Liu Chia‐Hao , Chen Bo‐Xiani , Chang Chin‐Wei , Chen In‐Gann 
Published: June 2017

AbstractEpitaxial thin film seeds, exhibit a higher peritectic temperature than the bulk, have been recognized as a possible way to obtain large‐sized single‐grain REBCO bulks. Recently, use of a pellet as a buffer layer inserted between the film‐seed and the main pellet has been reported. This approach can prevent Mg diffusion from the MgO substrate to the film seed, and enable the thin film to tolerate a higher maximum temperature in the TSMG (Top Seed Melt Growth) method. However, we found that the liquid phase decomposed from YBa2Cu3O7−x(YBCO) contacted the MgO substrate, due to surface tension, and caused undesirable grain nucleation. To resolve this problem, this study used a mini‐pellet, smaller than the seed, as a buffer layer. This new technique can avoid the liquid phase contacting the MgO substrate, thereby allowing the YBCO single‐grain bulk to be grown more easily. Moreover, the thin film seed can be re‐used by removing the buffer layer after the crystal growing process.
Effects of central administration of resistin on renal sympathetic nerve activity in rats fed a high‐fat diet: a comparison with leptin
Authors: Habeeballah H. , Alsuhaymi N. , Stebbing M. J. , Badoer E. 
Published: June 2017

Similar to leptin, resistin acts centrally to increase renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA). In high‐fat fed animals, the sympatho‐excitatory effects of leptin are retained, in contrast to the reduced actions of leptin on dietary intake. In the present study, we investigated whether the sympatho‐excitatory actions of resistin were influenced by a high‐fat diet. Further, because resistin and leptin combined can induce a greater sympatho‐excitatory response than each alone in rats fed a normal chow diet, we investigated whether a high‐fat diet (22%) could influence this centrally‐mediated interaction. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and RSNA were recorded before and for 3 hours after i.c.v. saline (control; n=5), leptin (7 μg; n=4), resistin (7 μg; n=5) and leptin and resistin combined (n=6). Leptin alone and resistin alone significantly increased RSNA (71±16%, 62±4%, respectively). When leptin and resistin were combined, there was a significantly greater increase in RSNA (195±41%) compared to either hormone alone. MAP and HR responses were not significantly different between hormones. When the responses in high‐fat fed rats were compared to normal chow fed rats, there were no significant differences in the maximum RSNA responses. The findings indicate that sympatho‐excitatory effects of resistin on RSNA are not altered by high‐fat feeding, including the greater increase in RSNA observed when resistin and leptin are combined. Our results suggest that diets rich in fat do not induce resistance to the increase in RSNA induced by resistin alone or in combination with leptin.