bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atypical Presentations of Laryngeal Cancers: Diagnostic and Treatment Dilemmas
Authors: Dabholkar Jyoti , Kapre Neeti Madan , Bihani Ameya 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Larynx is a complex organ with various subsites and a myriad of pathologies. Atypical presentations of laryngeal cancers are rare with literature only in the form of case reports or series with small number of patients.

Aim of study
It is important to recognize rare presentations of laryngeal carcinomas in order to pre-empt misdiagnosis and execute an appropriate treatment plan.

Materials and methods
We present a case series of four such atypical presentations which were managed with precise and individualized approaches.

Results
Three patients with rare manifestations of laryngeal squamous cancers were treated surgically in view of gross exolaryngeal spread. Single case of melanoma was treated with chemoradiation followed by surgical salvage.

Conclusion
All four patients were identified through adequate diagnostic precision on part of the clinician.

Clinical implications
The form and function of the larynx are crucial to the quality of life of a patient. Laryngeal carcinomas require appropriate treatment approach to ensure the same. The clinician needs to be aware of these atypical presentations as well in order to diagnose and treat these patients effectively.

How to cite this article
Dabholkar J, Kapre NM, Bihani A. Atypical Presentations of Laryngeal Cancers: Diagnostic and Treatment Dilemmas. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2015;5(2):53-56.
Unusual Presentation of Laryngeal Cavernous Hemangioma
Authors: Sharma Arpit , Dabholkar Jyoti , Lodha Jaini , Virmani Nitish 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Cavernous hemangioma is a rare tumor of the adult larynx. These hemangiomas are confined to the larynx and generally asymptomatic. We present a rare case of a huge cavernous hemangioma in a 22-year-old patient who presented with stridor and a huge swelling in the neck, of acute onset. Detailed evaluation including 70° Hopkins laryngoscopy, contrastenhanced computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a vascular malformation with both intra- and extralaryngeal components. The typical findings of hemangioma with its management are highlighted in this article. Postoperatively, patient's voice improved and the stridor was relieved.

How to cite this article
Lodha J, Sharma A, Dabholkar J, Virmani N. Unusual Presentation of Laryngeal Cavernous Hemangioma. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2015;5(2):67-69.
Introduction: Klaus Koschorke and the “Munich School” Perspective on the History of World Christianity
Authors: Hermann Adrian , Burlacioiu Ciprian 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
This article takes a look back at the last twenty years of what some have called the “Munich School of World Christianity” and presents the research of this group of scholars, who are working or have worked at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany. Its central focus lies on the career and scholarly work of the group’s spiritus rector, Klaus Koschorke, who held the chair for Early and Global History of Christianity in the Faculty of Protestant Theology from 1993 to 2013. In this way, the reader, on the one hand, is introduced to the most important scholarly concepts, studies, and international conferences of the “Munich School” and, on the other hand, is given an overview of recent research projects dealing with indigenous Christian elites in Asia and Africa.
Expansion Without Western Missionary Agency and Constructing Confessional Identities: The African Orthodox Church Between the United States, South Africa, and East Africa (1921–1940)
Authors: Burlacioiu Ciprian 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
The African Orthodox Church (AOC) is a prime example of religious globalization beyond Western missionary communication networks. This black independent church was founded in New York in 1921 and spread rapidly as far as South Africa, East Africa, and even select areas of West Africa—though not as the result of organized mission work but, rather, through reporting in African American journal publications. Typologically, the AOC belongs to Ethiopianism. Yet this church defined itself in relation to the Eastern Orthodox tradition, although initially more in an imaginary way than in a real one. This article on the AOC illustrates several key points for the study of world Christianity: the need of a transregional perspective, the importance of non-Western agency, the role of media for transatlantic non-Western Christian networks already back in the 1920s, the role of Eastern churches in the emerging world Christianity, the dynamic formation of denominational identities, and so on.
Effectiveness of Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Among Low-Income Adults in Rural Appalachia
Authors: Scakacs Joshua , Ackers Ian , Rodriguez Jason , Ojong-Egbe Oben , Casapulla Sharon 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

Context: High blood pressure (BP) is a common chronic condition in the United States. For many people, BP control through pharmacologic intervention alone is not effective at maintaining a healthy BP. Team-based, patient-focused care and home-based BP monitoring in addition to pharmacologic interventions have been shown to be effective for controlling BP.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the hypertension management program at the Heritage Community Clinic in Athens, Ohio.

Methods: Medical records of 43 patients who took part in the hypertension management program were retrospectively reviewed and included clinical data such as age, sex, BP, body mass index, comorbidities, family history, and demographic information. In addition to standard pharmacologic interventions, the program provided equipment for at-home BP monitoring, education on behavior and lifestyle modification, and 5 follow-up visits. Data from the 5 follow-up visits were analyzed.

Results: Linear mixed-effects regression models of BP suggested that the visit factor was significantly associated with BP (P<.001). On average at each visit, patients showed a 6.8–mm Hg reduction in systolic BP and a 3.8–mm Hg reduction in diastolic BP after controlling for demographic variables. General stress level, marital status, and depression were all significantly associated with BP (P<.05). In addition, 67.5% of the patients who took part in this program achieved the target treatment guidelines of the Eighth Joint National Committee for hypertension management.

Conclusion: A clinic-based hypertension management program comprising patient education, support, medication, and home BP monitoring was effective at reducing BP.
Growing Research Among Osteopathic Residents and Medical Students: A Consortium-Based Research Education Continuum Model
Authors: Brannan Grace D. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In general, physicians’ interest in research continues to be a challenge. The lack of research culture is more pronounced in the osteopathic medical profession, which is historically not research oriented. With increasing focus on evidence-based medicine and with the single accreditation system for graduate medical education in motion, growing research and scholarly activities among osteopathic physicians and students and residents becomes imperative. This article illustrates how an educational consortium, such as an osteopathic postdoctoral training institution, can play a pivotal role in creating a culture of research through broad-based training of medical students and residents.
Auger effect in yellow light emitters based on InGaN–AlGaN–GaN quantum wells
Authors: Ngo Thi Huong , Gil Bernard , Valvin Pierre , Damilano Benjamin , Lekhal Kaddour , De Mierry Philippe 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The Auger effect and its impact on the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of yellow light emitters based on silicon-doped InGaN–AlGaN–GaN quantum wells are investigated by power dependence measurement and using an ABC model. Photoluminescence intensity recorded as a function of excitation power density follows a linear dependence up to a threshold P
T that depends on the design of the sample. Above this threshold, the variation of the intensity becomes sublinear, which is characteristic of the onset of Auger recombination processes. After extracting the evolution of IQE with pump power from the experimental data, we use a modified ABC modeling that includes the residual n-type doping to estimate the contribution of different recombination channels. We find that the Auger effect dominates in the high-excitation regime. In addition, we find that intercalating an AlGaN-strain-compensating layer reduces not only the coefficient of nonradiative recombination rates but also reduces the onset of Auger recombination.
The effect of a brief northward turning in IMF Bz on solar wind‐magnetosphere coupling in a global MHD simulation
Authors: Pham Kevin H. , Lopez Ramon E. , Bruntz Robert 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn this paper we examine the response of the magnetosphere‐ionopshere (M‐I) system to a transient northward excursion in the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) using the Lyon‐Fedder‐Mobarry (LFM) global MHD simulation. The simulated IMF transitions hold from a steady southward IMF to a steady northward IMF before suddenly transitioning back to southward IMF after 20 min. Once the IMF returns southward, the M‐I system is in a state of reduced energy dissipation for approximately an hour as it reconfigures back into a standard southward IMF configuration. We find that the northward IMF excursion affects both the viscous and reconnection interactions with the solar wind. The flow of plasma in the magnetosphere is significantly disrupted by the reconnection cycle under northward IMF. This reduce the transfer of mechanical energy from the solar wind due to the viscous interaction, and the magnetosphere‐ionosphere system is in a mixed topological configuration containing elements produced by both of southward IMF reconnection and the Dungey cycle, as well as northward IMF reconnection and the presence of reverse cell convection at high latitudes. The effects of the transient northward IMF must be completely cleared out before the system can return to an optimal state of energy transfer characteristic of steady southward IMF. As a result, a simple 20 min excursion of northward IMF can put the magnetosphere‐ionosphere system into a reduced state of coupling to the solar wind for some time following the return to steady southward IMF; for LFM we saw a reduced state lasting an hour
Collective properties of injection‐induced earthquake sequences: 1. Model description and directivity bias
Authors: Dempsey David , Suckale Jenny 
Published: April 2016

AbstractInduced seismicity is of increasing concern for oil and gas, geothermal, and carbon sequestration operations, with several M > 5 events triggered in recent years. Modeling plays an important role in understanding the causes of this seismicity and in constraining seismic hazard. Here we study the collective properties of induced earthquake sequences and the physics underpinning them. In this first paper of a two‐part series, we focus on the directivity ratio, which quantifies whether fault rupture is dominated by one (unilateral) or two (bilateral) propagating fronts. In a second paper, we focus on the spatiotemporal and magnitude‐frequency distributions of induced seismicity. We develop a model that couples a fracture mechanics description of 1‐D fault rupture with fractal stress heterogeneity and the evolving pore pressure distribution around an injection well that triggers earthquakes. The extent of fault rupture is calculated from the equations of motion for two tips of an expanding crack centered at the earthquake hypocenter. Under tectonic loading conditions, our model exhibits a preference for unilateral rupture and a normal distribution of hypocenter locations, two features that are consistent with seismological observations. On the other hand, catalogs of induced events when injection occurs directly onto a fault exhibit a bias toward ruptures that propagate toward the injection well. This bias is due to relatively favorable conditions for rupture that exist within the high‐pressure plume. The strength of the directivity bias depends on a number of factors including the style of pressure buildup, the proximity of the fault to failure and event magnitude. For injection off a fault that triggers earthquakes, the modeled directivity bias is small and may be too weak for practical detection. For two hypothetical injection scenarios, we estimate the number of earthquake observations required to detect directivity bias.
Effect of subseabed salt domes on Tidal Residual currents in the Persian Gulf
Authors: Mashayekh Poul Hossein , Backhaus Jan , Dehghani Ali , Huebner Udo 
Published: April 2016

AbstractGeological studies in the Persian Gulf (PG) have revealed the existence of subseabed salt‐domes. With suitable filtering of a high‐resolution PG seabed topography, it is seen that the domes leave their signature in the seabed, i.e., numerous hills and valleys with amplitudes of several tens of meters and radii from a few up to tens of kilometers. It was suspected that the “shark skin” of the PG seabed may affect the tidal residual flow. The interaction of tidal dynamics and these obstacles was investigated in a nonlinear hydrodynamic numerical tidal model of the PG. The model was first used to characterize flow patterns of residual currents generated by a tidal wave passing over symmetric, elongated and tilted obstacles. Thereafter it was applied to the entire PG. The model was forced at its open boundary by the four dominant tidal constituents residing in the PG. Each tidal constituent was simulated separately. Results, i.e., tidal residual currents in the PG, as depicted by Lagrangian trajectories reveal a stationary flow that is very rich in eddies. Each eddy can be identified with a topographic obstacle. This confirms that the tidal residual flow field is strongly influenced by the nonlinear interaction of the tidal wave with the bottom relief which, in turn, is deformed by salt‐domes beneath the seabed. Different areas of maximum residual current velocities are identified for major tidal constituents. The pattern of trajectories indicates the presence of two main cyclonic gyres and several adjacent gyres rotating in opposite directions and a strong coastal current in the northern PG.
On the link between Barents‐Kara sea ice variability and European blocking
Authors: Ruggieri P. , Buizza R. , Visconti G. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis study examines the connection between the variability of sea ice concentration in the Barents and Kara (B‐K) seas and winter European weather on an intraseasonal time scale. Low sea ice regimes in autumn and early winter over the B‐K seas are shown to affect the strength and position of the polar vortex, and increase the frequency of blocking regimes over the Euro‐Atlantic sector in late winter. A hypothesis is presented on the mechanism that links sea ice over the B‐K seas and circulation regimes in the North Atlantic, and is investigated considering 34 years of European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis data. Four key steps have been identified, starting from a local response of the near‐surface fluxes and modification of the upper tropospheric wave pattern, to the stratospheric adjustment and the tropospheric response in the North Atlantic. The proposed mechanism explains the delayed, late winter response of the North Atlantic Oscillation to the late autumn sea ice reduction, which has been found both in observations and model experiments. It also provides valuable insights on how the reduction of Arctic sea ice can influence the position of the tropospheric jet in the Euro‐Atlantic sector.
ECMWF SSW forecast evaluation using infrasound
Authors: Smets P. S. M. , Assink J. D. , Le Pichon A. , Evers L. G. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAccurate prediction of Sudden Stratospheric Warming (SSW) events is important for the performance of numerical weather prediction due to significant stratosphere‐troposphere coupling. In this study, for the first time middle atmospheric numerical weather forecasts are evaluated using infrasound. A year of near‐continuous infrasound from the volcano Mount Tolbachik (Kamchatka, Russian Federation) is compared with simulations using high‐resolution deterministic forecasts of the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). For the entire time span the nowcast generally performs best, indicated by a higher continuity of the predicted wavefront characteristics with a minimal back azimuth difference. Best performance for all forecasts is obtained in summer. The difference between the infrasound observations and the predictions based on the forecasts is significantly larger during the 2013 SSW period for all forecasts. Simulations show that the SSW onset is better captured by the 10 day forecast while the recovery is better captured by the nowcast.
Martian dust devil statistics from high‐resolution large‐eddy simulations
Authors: Nishizawa Seiya , Odaka Masatsugu , Takahashi Yoshiyuki O. , Sugiyama Ko‐ichiro , Nakajima Kensuke , Ishiwatari Masaki , Takehiro Shin‐ichi , Yashiro Hisashi , Sato Yousuke , Tomita Hirofumi , Hayashi Yoshi‐Yuki 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDust devils are one of the key elements in the Martian atmospheric circulation. In order to examine their statistics, we conducted high‐resolution (up to 5 m) and wide‐domain (about 20 × 20 km2) large‐eddy simulations of the Martian daytime convective layer. Large numbers of dust devils developed spontaneously in the simulations, which enabled us to represent a quantitative consideration of Martian dust devil frequency distributions. We clarify the distributions of size and intensity, a topic of debate, and conclude that the maximum vertical vorticity of an individual dust devil has an exponential distribution, while the radius and circulation have power law distributions. A grid refinement experiment shows that the rate parameter of the vorticity distribution and the exponent of the circulation distribution are robust. The mode of the size distribution depends on the resolution, and it is suggested that the mode is less than 5 m.
Kinetic signatures of the region surrounding the X line in asymmetric (magnetopause) reconnection
Authors: Shay M. A. , Phan T. D. , Haggerty C. C. , Fujimoto M. , Drake J. F. , Malakit K. , Cassak P. A. , Swisdak M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractKinetic particle‐in‐cell simulations are used to identify signatures of the electron diffusion region (EDR) and its surroundings during asymmetric magnetic reconnection. A “shoulder” in the sunward pointing normal electric field (EN > 0) at the reconnection magnetic field reversal is a good indicator of the EDR and is caused by magnetosheath electron meandering orbits in the vicinity of the X line. Earthward of the X line, electrons accelerated by EN form strong currents and crescent‐shaped distribution functions in the plane perpendicular to B. Just downstream of the X line, parallel electric fields create field‐aligned crescent electron distribution functions. In the immediate upstream magnetosheath, magnetic field strength, plasma density, and perpendicular electron temperatures are lower than the asymptotic state. In the magnetosphere inflow region, magnetosheath ions intrude resulting in an Earthward pointing electric field and parallel heating of magnetospheric particles. Many of the above properties persist with a guide field of at least unity.
On the radial force balance in the quiet time magnetotail current sheet
Authors: Artemyev A. V. , Angelopoulos V. , Runov A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractUsing Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions spacecraft observations of the quite magnetotail current sheet within the r∈[9,35]RE region (r is the radial distance from Earth and RE is Earth's radius), we investigate the thermal plasma pressure distribution along the magnetotail. Taking advantage of flapping motions of an ensemble of current sheets at various distances, we estimate the current density magnitude jy (in GSM coordinates). Comparing the tension force jyBz (Bz is the magnetic field component) with the radial gradient of the plasma pressure demonstrates that this gradient is only a small fraction, ∼10–15%, of the Ampere force exerted on the cross‐tail current, in the r > 15RE region. We also estimate the contribution of the electron temperature anisotropy to the pressure balance: in the r > 15RE region the corresponding force can balance only 10–15% of the observed tension force jyBz. Thus, we conclude that about 70% of the tension force is not balanced by the combination of isotropic radial pressure gradient or the electron anisotropy. We discuss mechanisms that could be responsible for balancing the magnetotail current sheet.
Molecularly Regulated Reversible DNA Polymerization
Authors: Chen Niancao , Shi Xuechen , Wang Yong 
Published: April 2016

AbstractNatural polymers are synthesized and decomposed under physiological conditions. However, it is challenging to develop synthetic polymers whose formation and reversibility can be both controlled under physiological conditions. Here we show that both linear and branched DNA polymers can be synthesized via molecular hybridization in aqueous solutions, on the particle surface, and in the extracellular matrix (ECM) without the involvement of any harsh conditions. More importantly, these polymers can be effectively reversed to dissociate under the control of molecular triggers. Since nucleic acids can be conjugated with various molecules or materials, we anticipate that molecularly regulated reversible DNA polymerization holds potential for broad biological and biomedical applications.
Thermally Induced Silane Dehydrocoupling on Silicon Nanostructures
Authors: Kim Dokyoung , Joo Jinmyoung , Pan Youlin , Boarino Alice , Jun Yong Woong , Ahn Kyo Han , Arkles Barry , Sailor Michael J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractOrganic trihydridosilanes can be grafted to hydrogen‐terminated porous Si nanostructures with no catalyst. The reaction proceeds efficiently at 80 °C, and it shows little sensitivity to air or water impurities. The modified surfaces are stable to corrosive aqueous solutions and common organic solvents. Octadecylsilane H3Si(CH2)17CH3, and functional silanes H3Si(CH2)11Br, H3Si(CH2)9CH=CH2, and H3Si(CH2)2(CF2)5CF3 are readily grafted. When performed on a mesoporous Si wafer, the perfluoro reagent yields a superhydrophobic surface (contact angle 151°). The bromo‐derivative is converted to azide, amine, or alkyne functional surfaces via standard transformations, and the utility of the method is demonstrated by loading of the antibiotic ciprofloxaxin (35 % by mass). When intrinsically photoluminescent porous Si films or nanoparticles are used, photoluminescence is retained in the grafted products, indicating that the chemistry does not introduce substantial nonradiative surface traps.
Benzimidazobenzothiazole‐Based Bipolar Hosts to Harvest Nearly All of the Excitons from Blue Delayed Fluorescence and Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Cui Lin‐Song , Kim Jong Uk , Nomura Hiroko , Nakanotani Hajime , Adachi Chihaya 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMuch effort has been devoted to developing highly efficient organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) that function through phosphorescence or thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). However, efficient host materials for blue TADF and phosphorescent guest emitters are limited because of their requirement of high triplet energy levels. Herein, we report the rigid acceptor unit benzimidazobenzothiazole (BID‐BT), which is suitable for use in bipolar hosts in blue OLEDs. The designed host materials, based on BID‐BT, possess high triplet energy and bipolar carrier transport ability. Both blue TADF and phosphorescent OLEDs containing BID‐BT‐based derivatives exhibit external quantum efficiencies as high as 20 %, indicating that these hosts allow efficient triplet exciton confinement appropriate for blue TADF and phosphorescent guest emitters.