bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DECISION STRATEGIES AND COGNITIVE ADAPTATIONS TO ECOLOGY
Authors: Poleszczuk Jan 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In this paper, I discuss the concept of adaptive rationality. I present a simple model of ecology and the set of decision rules. The basic structure of the process of cognitive adaptation to ecology is described as a structure comprising (1) perceptual space, (2) a function valuating perceived items, (3) a set of available decision rules and (4) the adaptation process - identification and selection of the best strategies in given ecological conditions. The presented model of ecosystem allows a conclusion that completely opposite strategies may be compatible with the assumption of adaptive rationality.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN HIGH-STAKES MATHS TESTING. FINDINGS FROM POLAND
Authors: Zawistowska Alicja 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The present research investigates gender gaps in the results of secondary school exit exams (Matura) in mathematics in Poland in 2015. The analysis shows that, in the basic level exam, males are highly overrepresented at the upper end of the score distribution. The same pattern did not exist in the extended-level Matura. Two explanations are offered here. The differences are driven by gender self-selection in high school programs. Students who decide on maths-related tracks have more maths lessons than other students. Secondly, a student who takes the extended Matura also has to take the basic Matura exam. As a result, the population of students taking the basic Matura is highly differentiated in terms of maths competence and motivation. Additionally, the analysis of differential item functioning (DIF) shows that only a few items were flagged as having DIF.
TERRITORIAL TRANSFER OF KNOWLEDGE IN TERMS OF CREATIVE DESTRUCTION
Authors: Ciborowski Robert 
Published: November 2017

Abstract‘Creative destruction’ is one of the most important analytical tools, taking into consideration both the economic and sociological characteristics of capitalist society. According to Schumpeter, in the long term, evolution gives rise to economic development resulting from batches of innovative solutions, leading to improvements in the standard of living. The innovation activity of firms is based on supply-side factors, hence it is large enterprises that excel in innovation since they strive to achieve a monopoly market position and above-average profits. Schumpeter attempts to combine two elements: the spread of monopolies and the continuation of economic development, both occurring through innovation, which is far more important than price competition. The Schumpeterian ‘creative destruction’ permeates the main aspects of macroeconomic activity, not only in the long term, but also in the area of economic fluctuations, structural changes, or the functioning of markets. As a result, it becomes a factor determining changes in the economic order. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the role of territories in the process of creating and using knowledge and its impact on the economic efficiency of the companies which function within their boundaries. Regional cooperation increases the involvement of business entities in innovation activities, which translates into higher competitiveness of firms. Moreover, the awareness of the necessity of cooperation and use of innovation capital tends to grow.
Exchange rate misalignment and economic growth: evidence from nonlinear panel cointegration and granger causality tests
Authors: Tipoy Christian K. , Breitenbach Marthinus C. , Zerihun Mulatu F. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe analyse the impact of exchange rate misalignment on economic growth for a sample of emerging economies from 1970 to 2014 using a panel smooth transition regression vector error correction model. Besides, we provide a granger causality test conducted in a non-linear framework. We find that a rise in misalignment increases significantly the output in the short-run when currencies are close to equilibrium. When they are highly misaligned, the impact on growth is reduced. However, no significant impact of output on misalignment was found in the short-run. We provide evidence that misalignment granger causes the output at any given level of misalignment both in the short and long-run. Weaker granger causality was found between output and misalignment. This raises some important policy implications. Although emerging economies can use undervaluation as a growth strategy, the benefits are smaller when currencies are highly undervalued. There is, therefore, an incentive to keep exchange rates closer to their equilibrium.
Novel monolithic pendulum tiltmeter with Nanorad resolution
Authors: Kühnel Michael , Fern Florian , Fröhlich Thomas 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Tiltmeters with nanorad resolution in a large measurement range of ±9 mrad (±0.5○) and
a very good linearity have been developed at the Technische Universität Ilmenau in the recent years. The working principle
bases on the measurement of tilt-dependent lateral forces, which act on a hanging force-compensated weigh cell (precision
balance). The disadvantage is the relatively complex design of the weigh cell mechanics, the large dead weight and the
high manufacturing costs.
For that reason a simplified tiltmeter was developed. It only consists of two components: a monolithic pendulum mechanics
and an optical position sensor. State of the art pendulum tiltmeters contain several components that are linked by
screwed, clamped or glued connections. This can limit the long-term-, temperature- or humidity stability of the tiltmeter.
The position sensor achieves a standard deviation of ∼ 50 pm at a measuring frequency of
10 Hz. The length of the pendulum amounts to 0.1 m, its mass is ∼ 62 g. With this
combination, the theoretical standard deviation of the tilt measurement should result to ∼ 0.6 nrad at
10 Hz measuring frequency and was approved by measurements. The measurement range of the new monolithic
tiltmeter amounts ∼ ±2 mrad.
Un-locking unsustainable tourism destination paths: the role of voluntary compliance of tourism businesses with sustainability certification on the island of Rügen
Authors: Panzer-Krause Sabine 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDuring the last 150 years the island of Rügen has developed into a mass tourism destination resulting in a continuing pressure on the island’s environment and cultural heritage. Highlighting the need for a stronger consideration of ecological and social-cultural aspects of development in economic geography research, this paper uses an evolutionary approach to identify lock-ins in the Rügen tourism industry that hamper a sustainability transition and analyzes the role voluntary compliance of tourism businesses with sustainability certification can play to break away from these development paths. Focusing on the concepts of green growth and degrowth the paper provides indications that particularly in protected areas that are confronted with acceptance problems, an efficiency-driven green growth approach guided by a spirit of sustainability can be the basis for moving towards more sustainable modes of development. However, the study raises the question of time frames for regional sustainability transitions and the parameters these depend on.
Modeling of Anisotropic Behavior of Aluminum Alloys to Investigate Ductile Fracture for the Improved Formability in the Upsetting Process
Authors: Chirala H. K. , Davidson M. J. , Srinivasarao G. , Srinivasaraju P. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In the bulk-forming operations, such as upsetting, the billets upon severe plastic deformation will fracture on reaching the threshold fracture stress. The fracture initiation and progression depends on the friction, height-to-diameter ratios (h/d), and the strength of the material. The anisotropic behavior of material is another issue that should be taken into consideration while designing the process. Macro fracture criteria, such as normalized Cockcroft, Brozzo, McClintock, and Oyane, can be better utilized to predict the fracture initiation. The Hill–von Mises criterion that incorporates the anisotropy factors (R0 and R90) was correlated with the macro failure criterion to evaluate the critical damage factor values at failure strain under plane stress condition. The process parameters, namely, friction, height-to-diameter ratios (h/d), and the strength of the material were considered, and the upsetting process was optimized using Taguchi’s design of experiment techniques with less anisotropy as desired output. After identifying the optimum result, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis was performed and the contribution of each factor responsible for failure and anisotropy was also noted.
Syarat Kesehatan Fisik Bagi Calon Presiden dalam Perspektif Politik Islam dan Politik Indonesia
Authors: Syarif Mujar Ibnu 
Published: November 2017

This article specifically discusses the important issues on physical health requirements for presidential candidates in Islamic and Indonesian perspectives. This article presents two important conclusions as follows: first, in the Islamic perspective, the majority of scholars argue that a person whoi s physically less or unhealthy cannot be elected as president. The result of comparison analysis of Islamic perspective and Indonesian perspective shows some similarities. First, the importance of a presidential candidate meets the criteria of physical health. Second, the disease is a serious illness that isallegedly able to disrupt the implementation of his/her duties and obligations as president. DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v17i1.6230
Telaah Kritis Terhadap Perkawinan Usia Muda Menurut Hukum Islam
Authors: Wafa Moh. Ali 
Published: November 2017

Young marriage discourse has always been a debate in Islamic legal thought. This study analyzes differences of opinion among jurists in determiningage limits (balīgh, iḥtilām, rushd) which implicates the right of ijbār in marriage.The scholars of Shafiyah allow the right of ijbār with very difficult and rigid requirements, while Ibn Shubrumah, Abu Bakr, Al-A'sham and Al-Batii do not allow the right of ijbār, even their marriages are considered null and legal. This study found that marriage of young age is determined by the benefits arising from marriage. This study has implications for the implementation of the maslahah mursalah as an alternative in establishing the law on the age limit of marriage in Indonesia. DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v17i2.6232
The Duties of a Pupil: the Implementation Problem
Authors: Kairienė Brigita 
Published: November 2017

On the basis of a prevailing perception that children are well aware of their rights, however, do not know their duties, the article examines the problem of the implementation of the duties of a pupil in general education schools. Through the use of quantitative research, it is sought to determine what duties of pupils are defined by the Rules for Pupils of general education schools and what possibilities of their implementation are.
It has been established that the rules of pupils defined by the Rules for Pupils are linked to the requirement to behave in a certain way in accordance with the norms of a value-based behaviour, i. e. to respect others, to behave and learn in a cultured way, courteously, and the requirement to avoid certain behaviour while identifying actions, hindering a learning process and actions which hurt the dignity of other persons.
The implementation of the duties described by the Rules for Pupils which are linked to the compliance with value-based attitudes casts doubts, because when defining the duties of pupils the development of a child has not been taken into account, i. e. duties have not been distinguished according to the age of a child. In addition, an equal educational relationship between an educator and an educate is violated – the rules for pupils include exceptional requirements, which have to be adhered, regarding teachers – teachers are singled out as a social group worthy of particular respect in comparison with other members of a school community. The implementation of the duties of a pupil is also limited by the possibility to know the criteria of a value-based behavior which are not defined. Therefore, it is a concern that, in response to the failure to meet norms of a value-based behaviour, sanctions are endorsed, which are not even distinguished according to characteristic of failure to comply with responsibilities.
PERFECCIONISMO INFANTIL: DIFERENCIAS EN FUNCIÓN DEL SEXO Y LA EDAD
Authors: Vicent María , Aparicio Flores M. P. , Inglés Cándido J. , Gómez-Núñez Mª Isabel , Fernández-Sogorb Aitana , Aparisi-Sierra David 
Published: November 2017

Abstract. CHILD PERFECTIONISM: DIFFERENCES ACROSS SEX AND AGE The aim of this study was to analyze the sex and age differences in the levels of child perfectionism, considering the dimensions: Socially Prescribed Perfectionism (SPP), Self-Oriented Perfectionism Criticism (SOP-C) and Self-Oriented Perfectionism Strivings (SOP-S). The sample was composed by 804 Primary Education students from Spain, aged between 8 and 11 years old (Mage = 9.57; SD = 1.12). The Spanish version of the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale was used to assess the perfectionist dimensions. The results of the variance analysis revealed statistically significant differences in favor of males for SOP-C and SOP-S dimensions. However, these differences had no practical relevance because their associated magnitude (d index) were below .20. Similarly, no statistically significant differences were observed across age for perfectionist dimensions. Moreover, a significant interaction effect (sex x age) was not found.Keywords: child perfectionism, sex, age, Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale, Primary Education.Resumen.El objetivo de este estudio consistió en analizar las diferencias en función del sexo y la edad en los niveles de perfeccionismo infantil, atendiendo a las dimensiones: Perfeccionismo Socialmente Prescrito (PSP), Perfeccionismo Auto-Orientado Críticas (PAO-C) y Perfeccionismo Auto-Orientado Esfuerzos (PAO-E). La muestra se compuso de 804 alumnos españoles de Educación Primaria con edades comprendidas entre 8 y 11 años (Medad = 9.57; SD = 1.12). Las dimensiones perfeccionistas fueron evaluadas a través de la versión española de la Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale. Los resultados del análisis de varianza revelaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en favor de los varones para las dimensiones PAO-C y PAO-E. Sin embargo, dichas diferencias carecieron de relevancia práctica puesto que la magnitud asociada (índice d) fue inferior a .20. Similarmente, no se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en función de la edad para ninguna de las dimensiones perfeccionistas ni se encontró un efecto de interacción (sexo x edad) significativo.Palabras clave: perfeccionismo infantil, sexo, edad, Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale, Educación Primaria
A study on groin hernias presenting as acute surgical emergencies in adults
Authors: J. Sanjay Prakash , Samraj Anita , G. Muthukumaran 
Published: November 2017

Background: Inguinal hernias form the commonest subgroup of various hernias; such common condition causes the problem of various complications. A minority of patients with a groin hernia present as an emergency, with a painful and irreducible mass or with intestinal obstruction and delay in presentation is known to result in high morbidity and mortality. Aim was to study about the various acute surgical emergencies in groin hernia with its complications and surgical treatments.Methods: This study was a prospective observational study, conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, during March 2015 to February 2017. Thirty-five patients were included in the study. Ethical committee clearance was obtained prior to the commencement of study. All patients were studied from time of admission till discharge and followed up in out-patient department. A detailed history was elicited, and clinical examination was performed, and data recorded. All patients were given pre-and post-operative care.Results: The incidence of hernia was 37.1% for age group of 60 to 69 years whereas it was 28.6% for age group of 50 to 59 years and incidence decreases there by as age decreases. The frequency of hernia in male (94.3%) was more when compared to female (5.7%). The duration of hernia frequency before acute episode was more in first year (54.3%). The right sided hernia was most complicated than left. The common site of constriction was deep inguinal ring than the superficial inguinal ring and femoral ring.Conclusions: Majority of the patients underwent herniorraphy (82.8%). Most common site of constriction was observed to be at the deep ring (71.4%). The most common content was small bowel followed by omentum (74.3% and 25.7% respectively). Most of the patients did not have any post-operative complications (80%). Wound infection was the most common complication (11.5%) and mortality was observed in two patients (5.7%) and the causes of death were sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Avaliação do Coeficiente γz em Situação Estrutural Próxima do Seu Limite de Aplicação
Authors: Lemes Hadam Richard Silva Leite , Nunes Cláudio Cruz 
Published: November 2017

Estruturas que apresentam alta sensibilidade a deslocamentos horizontais possuem efeitos globais de 2ª ordem relevantes, que não podem ser desprezados. O Processo Rigoroso de análise não linear geométrica é aquele que apresenta a maior precisão na determinação desses efeitos. No entanto, devido à sua complexidade e demanda de tempo, nem sempre é viável sua aplicação. Surgem como alternativa os métodos aproximados de obtenção dos efeitos globais de 2ª ordem, dentre eles o Processo Simplificado do coeficiente γz, recomendado na ABNT NBR 6118:2014. Nesta pesquisa utilizou-se um modelo estrutural de edificação em concreto armado de baixa rigidez lateral no qual foram calculados, com auxílio dos softwares SALT-NLG e SALT-UFRJ, os deslocamentos horizontais e esforços solicitantes de 2ª ordem, por meio do Processo Rigoroso e do Simplificado, de modo a avaliar a precisão do coeficiente γz em uma situação próxima do seu limite de aplicação de acordo com a ABNT NBR 6118:2014. Por meio da análise do Processo Simplificado versus Rigoroso, observou-se que os resultados de deslocamentos horizontais e de esforços solicitantes de cisalhamento foram adequados, atendendo aos critérios da norma. Todavia, para os esforços de flexão, as diferenças ficaram um pouco acima do limite normativo de 10% contra a segurança. Destarte, concluiu-se que para edifícios semelhantes ao desta pesquisa, o Processo Simplificado não foi completamente satisfatório. Os resultados obtidos servem de alerta aos projetistas estruturais.
Carta Conpadre n.01/2010: Campinas e Jaguariúna [Brasil]
Authors: Argollo Ferrão André Munhoz de , Sabaté Bel Joaquín 
Published: November 2017

Ao longo de quatro dias celebrou-se em Campinas e Jaguariúna [São Paulo], Brasil, a CONPADRE’2010. Tanto nas conferências pela tarde no Teatro Municipal de Jaguariúna, como nas diversas e ricas apresentações de trabalhos por parte de mais de cinquenta jovens pesquisadoras e pesquisadores se alcançaram notáveis coincidências nas seguintes questões que se recolhem como conclusões do encontro. Este editorial, em português e castelhano, apresenta as conclusões do encontro.
Espaço urbano e modernidade, uma discussão que não se encerra, se atualiza: em foco Sobral [CE]
Authors: Ferreira Diocleide Lima 
Published: November 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre o sentido da modernização dos espaços urbanos e como ele é reinterpretado ao longo do tempo, a fim de pensar os processos contemporâneos de revitalização urbana em cidades do interior do Ceará, nordeste do Brasil. O locus de pesquisa é especificamente uma cidade de porte médio chamada Sobral, cujo crescimento e diferenciação de outras cidades no interior do Ceará desde a década de 1990 levou à retomada e revigoramento dos debates em torno da modernização dos seus espaços. O objetivo é avaliar, em relação à vida citadina e urbana, quais são as necessidades de uma sociedade moderna, à luz da teoria da modernização dos espaços urbanos, particularmente no nordeste do Brasil. A teoria da modernização tem uma longa história, surgindo no final do século XIX, no entanto, ainda é usada como justificativa para a construção ou reabilitação dos espaços, a fim de impulsionar o desenvolvimento econômico das cidades. Sobral é uma cidade que, em alguns momentos da história foi considerada moderna por suas ligações com a Europa e em outros por ter adquirido o potencial, principalmente de natureza técnica, para o avanço econômico. Além disso, seu espaço urbano representa uma espécie de palco para acontecimentos contemporâneos com obras consideradas de impacto quando se trata de uma cidade no Nordeste do Brasil.
Anticartografia das cidades contínuas
Authors: Gutlich George Rembrandt 
Published: November 2017

Neste artigo é proposta uma leitura poética dos subúrbios pela resignificação de espaços arquitetônicos fabris e, especificamente, nas situações de conurbação associadas à linha férrea. O caso específico refere-se à linha férrea entre a cidade de São Paulo e Mogi das Cruzes.
TWO-DEGREE ADJUSTABLE EXOSKELETON FOR ASSISTANCE OF THE HUMAN ARM USING A MECHANICAL SYSTEM OF FAST ASSEMBLY AND UPGRADABILITY
Authors: Restrepo-Zapata Julio , Gallego-Duque Carlos , Marquez-Viloria David , Juan Botero-Valencia 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Stroke affects about 975,000 people annually. Currently different robotic systems are used, such as exoskeletons that support motor rehabilitation, where they sometimes increase the patient’s possible recovery rate. But these systems are expensive and often require adequate locations for therapy routines. This article offers the mechanical design of an exoskeleton concept for human upper limbs that allows the attachment to the arm and forearm, offering protection, torque, and movement, plus the possibility to adapt to different arm sizes. The biomechanics of the human arm, the kinematics required by the exoskeleton, different design criteria for this type of system, the CAD model, and the simulation of a robotic exoskeleton with an active and passive degree of freedom are considered. As a main result, the exoskeleton includes the biomechanics of the human arm so that its kinematics allow for adequate human arm movements for providing mechanical assistance, data acquisition and analysis, but also safety.
Audiovisual Sensing of Human Movements for Home-Care and Security in a Smart Environment
Authors: De Silva Liyanage C 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper presents the necessity and possibility of smart sensing using a multitude of sensors such as audio and visual sensors for human movement detection for home-care and home security applications in a smart environment. We define an event and spatial relationship based approach to the problem. Use of multisensory information to even detection is proposed and its prototype implementation to detect events like falling, walking, standing, shouting etc. are presented. Use of audio sensor based event detection and video sensor based event detection helped to increase the number of different types of actions that can be detected within a smart environment. Video sensors detected the actions at 94.44% accuracy while the audio sensors detected the actions at 83.35%. In addition to that the video based fall detection accuracy was 93.3%. Currently we are working in real life data capture and analysis using multi-sensor integration