bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aberrant salience in acute versus chronic schizophrenia: Do medication and positive symptoms make a difference?
Authors: Vaidya Bhuvana Prakash , Shenoy Sonia , Praharaj Samir Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Background:
The nature of aberrant salience in schizophrenia, whether it is a state or a trait phenomenon, remains unclear.

Aim:
To assess and compare aberrant salience in patients with schizophrenia at different stages of the illness and to explore its association with symptom severity and medication use.

Methods:
A total of 113 subjects were included, comprising 83 patients with schizophrenia divided into three groups: group A (acute drug-free symptomatic stage, n = 23), group B (chronic-medicated symptomatic stage, n = 30), and group C (chronic-medicated asymptomatic stage, n = 30). These were compared with a healthy control group (group D, n = 30). Participants were assessed using the Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI) and clinical rating scales, including Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales, Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms, and Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS).

Results:
Significant differences were observed across almost all domains of aberrant salience. The most notable differences were between the symptomatic groups (A, B) and the healthy controls (D). Subgroup analysis showed no significant differences between the acute (A) and chronic groups (B, C), but significant differences were found between the symptomatic (A, B) and asymptomatic (C) groups in several domains and in the total ASI score. A highly significant positive correlation was noted between the total ASI score and the symptom rating scales, except for SANS.

Conclusion:
Aberrant salience is significantly elevated in patients with prominent positive symptoms, particularly delusions and hallucinations. It appears comparable to the general population in chronic remitted patients, suggesting that aberrant salience is state-dependent. Medication did not significantly influence aberrant salience as both medicated and nonmedicated symptomatic patients continued to exhibit it. However, medication may contribute to reducing aberrant salience by alleviating positive psychotic symptoms.
Effectiveness of adjunctive task-centered case work to pharmacotherapy and motivational enhancement therapy among frequently relapsing patients with alcohol dependence syndrome
Authors: Sahoo Sidhant Kumar , Bhattacharjee Dipanjan , Khanande Roshan V , Pachori Hariom , Khanra Sourav , Das Basudeb 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Individuals experiencing alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) may struggle with relapse due to various factors, even after receiving successful inpatient treatment. While motivation enhancement therapy (MET) and pharmacotherapy are commonly used interventions for ADS, incorporating task-centered casework (TCP) – a nondirective, goal-oriented, and time-limited approach – may yield promising outcomes.

Aim:
This study examined the effects of adjunctive TCP in conjunction with pharmacotherapy and MET on frequently relapsing patients with ADS.

Materials and Methods:
This study utilized a case-control design to evaluate the efficacy of combined therapies (pharmacotherapy, MET, and TCP) on 60 male subjects with a diagnosis of ADS and multiple admissions in a tertiary deaddiction center. The participants were divided equally into experimental and control groups, with the experimental group receiving all three therapies and the control group only receiving pharmacotherapy and MET. Both groups maintained their pharmacotherapy regimens throughout the 2-month study period. Assessments were conducted at baseline and the end of the study using various measures, including social–demographic and clinical data, the SAD-Q, ACQ SF-R, SOCRATES-8A, CIWA-Ar, and WHOQOL-BREF Hindi version.

Results:
The results of the study indicate that the experimental group exhibited a marked decrease in alcohol cravings, an increased willingness to make positive changes, and overall better treatment outcomes and quality of life compared to the control group. In patients with ADS who underwent treatment with MET, TCP, and pharmacotherapy, it was observed that cravings were a significant predictor of their quality of life and readiness to make changes.

Conclusions:
TCP can be complemented with existing addiction therapies in the treatment of addiction because it has additional advantages in the form of nondirectiveness, goal orientation, time-limitedness, and collaboration between the therapist and the patient. ADS patients can benefit from this therapy by discovering their inert potential and identifying their shortcomings.
Amend the Mental Health Care Act 2017: A Survey of Indian Psychiatrists (Paper 1)
Authors: Malhotra Savita , Srivastava Shruti , Gowda Mahesh R. , Sharma Nidhi , Gopalan Mohan R. , Watve Vidyadhar G. , Paul Imon 
Published: September 2024

Aim:
This paper highlights the difficulties and lacunae in the Mental Health Care Act 2017 that hinder its implementation and use for the care and treatment of persons with mental illness in India.

Methods:
An online nationwide survey, involving structured questions as well as open-ended questions, to elicit the level of implementation, experience in complying with the provisions of the Act, and level of satisfaction, of practicing psychiatrists was carried out. Responses were analyzed using appropriate statistics.

Results:
600 respondents answered the online questionnaire. A majority of psychiatrists were senior practitioners with over 10 years of experience. 92.5% respondents were dissatisfied with the MHCA, wherein 73.3% wanted it amended, and 19.2% asked for repeal. Procedural issues were deterrent for 66.5% from taking medically necessary or helpful decisions for patients. Non-implementation of the Act was a major finding. Major dissatisfaction was expressed regarding judicial over reach in admission and discharge procedures, inclusion of general hospital psychiatry units in the definition of mental health establishment, non-applicability of provisions like advance directive and nominated representative in Indian setting, and that all treatment should be covered under insurance.

Conclusion:
The Act in its present form defies the spirit of its own objectives and is unimplementable. It needs major revisions.
Perspektif Pendidikan Kristen tentang Penilaian untuk Pembelajaran yang Holistik dan Transformatif
Authors: Kesaulya Thasya , Tangkin Wiyun Philipus 
Published: September 2024

Assessment plays a crucial role in education as teachers can track students' development through their learning outcomes. However, teachers tend to struggle to assess according to predefined standards. As a result, students do not experience holistic and transformative growth in their learning. The purpose of this writing is to elucidate the study of the Christian educational perspective on student assessment to achieve holistic and transformative learning. The method used is a literature review to examine and generate the basis of thought: (1) Encouraging students to respond to their identity as the image of God; (2) Assessment principles need to be comprehensive to achieve holistic and transformative learning. In conclusion, teachers play a vital role in assessing students' competencies, based on Biblical truth that encourages students to think critically, creatively, collaboratively, and communicatively. Suggestions for teachers include consistent implementation of assessment principles, knowing the true truth through the Word of God in the Bible, seeking the help of the Holy Spirit in assessment, and collaborating with parents to facilitate student learning at home. Penilaian berperan penting dalam pendidikan karena guru dapat mengetahui perkembangan siswa melalui hasil belajar siswa. Namun guru cenderung belum mampu menilai sesuai standar yang telah ditentukan. Akibatnya siswa tidak mengalami pertumbuhan holistik dan transformatif dalam pembelajaran. Tujuan penulisan ini untuk memaparkan kajian perspektif pendidikan Kristen tentang penilaian siswa untuk mencapai pembelajaran yang holistik dan transformatif. Metode yang digunakan yaitu kajian literatur untuk mengkaji dan menghasilkan dasar pemikiran: (1) Mendorong siswa untuk meresponi identitasnya sebagai image of God; (2) Prinsip penilaian perlu komprehensif untuk mencapai pembelajaran yang holistik dan transformatif. Kesimpulannya yaitu guru memiliki peranan penting dalam menilai kompotensi siswa secara utuh, bersumber pada kebenaran Alkitabiah yang mendorong siswa berpikir kritis, kreatif, kolaboratif, dan komunikatif. Saran bagi guru yaitu, implementasi prinsip penilaian perlu secara konsisten, mengetahui kebenaran sejati melalui Firman Tuhan dalam Alkitab, meminta pertolongan Roh Kudus dalam menilai, serta bekerjasama dengan orang tua untuk memfasilitasi siswa saat belajar di rumah.
A cross-sectional study: the impact of extreme weather, sleep quality, and physical activity
Authors: Ramadan Gilang , Samin Giofandi , Haryanto Arief Ibnu , Kadir Sulasikin Sahdi , Okilanda Ardo 
Published: September 2024

This study aims to explore the impact of extreme weather condition on sleep quality and physical activity in Gorontalo using a cross-sectional research design. The data were collected from 220 respondents aged 18-25 using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and weather information from BMKG Gorontalo. The results showed that extreme weather, especially high temperatures, significantly reduced physical activity and affected sleep quality. Respondents with higher physical activity levels showed better sleep quality (lower PSQI scores). Extreme weather also reduces motivation to exercise, increasing the risk of health problems such as dehydration and heat stroke. In conclusion, public health interventions that promote physical activity and improved sleep quality during extreme weather conditions are urgently needed to reduce associated health risks. This study emphasises the importance of understanding the specific mechanisms of how extreme weather affects sleep and physical activity, and developing strategies to maintain healthy routines despite adverse weather conditions.
Keywords: extreme weather, sleep quality, physical activity, public health, health interventions.
Elevated expression of NLRP3 promotes cigarette smoke-induced airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Wang Min , Peng Junjie , Yang Mei , Chen Jun , Shen Yongchun , Liu Lin , Chen Lei 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionNOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) is implicated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis. Here, we explored the role of NLRP3 in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced airway inflammation in COPD.Material and methodsNLRP3 expression level was assessed with the microarray data in GEO datasets and validated in serum by ELISA from a case-control cohort. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into: saline, CS, MCC950 (a specific NLRP3 inhibitor, 10 mg/kg) and CS + MCC950 (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) groups (n = 5 per group). All mice were exposed to CS or air for 4 weeks. Then, broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung tissues were collected for cell counting, ELISA, HE staining and RNA sequencing with validation by real-time qPCR.ResultsCompared to non-smokers, NLRP3 expression was significantly elevated in the lung tissues and sera of COPD smokers. CS remarkably induced airway inflammation in mice, characterized by an increase of inflammatory cells and proinflammatory cytokines in BAL fluid and HE inflammatory score, which were ameliorated by MCC950 treatment dose-dependently. Subsequently, 84 candidate genes were selected following RNA sequencing, and five hub genes (Mmp9, IL-1α, Cxcr2, Cxcl10, Ccr1) were then identified by PPI and MCODE analyses, which were confirmed by real-time qPCR. GO and KEGG analysis suggested that the five genes were enriched in a complicated network of inflammatory processes and signaling pathways.ConclusionsNLRP3 expression is elevated in lungs and sera of COPD smokers. Inhibition of NLRP3 significantly attenuates CS-induced airway inflammation in mice via inactivation of multiple hub genes and their related inflammatory processes and signaling pathways.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penyerapan Anggaran pada Kabupaten Aceh Jaya
Authors: Dewi Sartika  , Sapna Julita Roza  
Published: September 2024

This study aims to test the competence and determine the effect of budget planning and human resources on budget absorption. The population in this study were 49 employees who worked at the Department of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of Aceh Jaya Regency. The sample was carried out by purposive sampling technique, and obtained a sample of 30 people. The results showed that budget planning had a significant effect on budget absorption, while the availability of human resources had no significant effect on budget absorption. Finally, budget planning and human resource competence have a significant effect on the budget together.

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan mengetahui pengaruh perencanaan anggaran dan kompetensi sumber daya manusia terhadap penyerapan anggaran. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah pegawai yang bekerja di Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Kabupaten Aceh Jaya sebanyak 49 orang. Adapun pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling, dan di peroleh sampel akhir sebanyak 30 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan anggaran berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penyerapan anggaran, sedangkan kompetensi sumber daya manusia tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penyerapan anggaran. Terakhir perencanaan anggaran dan kompetensi sumber daya manusia berpengaruh signifikan secara bersama-sama terhadap penyerapan anggaran.
PELAYANAN KEPOLISIAN PADA MASYARAKAT DI SENTRA PELAYANAN KEPOLISIAN TERPADU (SPKT) POLRES KABUPATEN MELAWI
Authors: Sobian Pether 
Published: September 2024

Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan Pelayanan Kepolisian pada Masyarakat di Sentra Pelayanan Kepolisian Terpadu (SPKT) Polres Kabupaten Melawi. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 3 (tiga) orang yaitu; 1). Kabag Ops SPKT Polres Kabupaten Melawi. 2). Anggota Kepolisian yang bertugas pada SPKT Kabupaten Melawi. 3). Anggota Masyarakat yang mendapatkan pelayanan pada SPKT Kabupaten Melawi. Teknik penelitian yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah teknik wawancara, observasi atau pengamatan dan studi dokumentasi dengan analisis data menggunakan metode analisis data kualitatif.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Pelayanan Kepolisian pada Masyarakat di Sentra Pelayanan Kepolisian Terpadu (SPKT) Polres Kabupaten Melawi sudah berjalan atau dilaksanakan oleh Sentra Pelayanan Kepolisian Terpadu (SPKT) Polres Kabupaten Melawi, khususnya pada aspek Mekanisme Pelayanannya, dimana pihak Polres Melawi memberikan layanan kepada masyarakat sesuai dengan mekanisme yang ditetapkan oleh undang-undang. Pelayanan kepada masyarakat sudah diberikan sesuai mekanisme pelayanan yang ada. Aspek Sarana dan Prasarana sudah tersedia, komputer, laptop, printer, alat tulis kantor, meja dan kursi sebagai bagian dari pelayanan kepada masyarakat. Aspek sumber daya manusia dapat dibagi dalam dua bagian yaitu kuantitas dan kualitas. Dari aspek kualitas sumber daya manusia sudah cukup memadai namun dari sisi kuantitas sumber daya manusia masih diperlukan.
Kesimpulannnya bahwa Pelayanan Kepolisian pada Masyarakat di Sentra Pelayanan Kepolisian Terpadu (SPKT) Polres Kabupaten Melawi dalam aspek Mekanisme pelayanan pihak SPKT sudah memberikan pelayanan kepada masyarakat sesuai prosedur dan mekanisme yang diatur oleh undang-undang. Dari Aspek sarana dan prasarana sudah cukup memadai dan dari aspek sumber daya manusia masih diperlukan dari aspek kuantitas personil. Saran: perlu adanya peningkatan sarana dan prasarana terutama jika pelayanan SPKT dilakukan diera digitalisasi dan penambahan jumlah personil yang bertugas pada Sentra Pelayanan Kepolisian Terpadu (SPKT) Kabupaten Melawi.
Construction and Application of a Pollen Emissions Model based on Phenology and Random Forests
Authors: Li Jiangtao , An Xingqin , Sun Zhaobin , Ye Caihua , Hou Qing , Zhao Yuxin , Liu Zhe 
Published: September 2024

Abstract. In recent years, the intensification of global climate change and environmental pollution has led to a marked increase in pollen-induced allergic diseases. This study leverages 16 years of continuous pollen monitoring data, alongside meteorological factors and plant functional type data, to construct a pollen emissions model using phenology and random forests (RF). This model is then employed to simulate the emission characteristics of three primary types of autumn pollen (Artemisia, Chenopod, and total pollen concentration), elucidating the emission patterns throughout the seasonal cycle in Beijing. Phenology and RF precisely simulate the start and end day of year of pollen, as well as the annual pollen production. There are significant spatiotemporal differences among the three types of pollen. On average, pollen dispersal begins around August 10, peaks around August 30, and concludes by September 25, with a dispersal period lasting approximately 45 days. Furthermore, the relationship between pollen emissions and meteorological factors is investigated, revealing that temperature, relative humidity (RH), and sunshine hours (SSH) significantly influence annual pollen emissions. Specifically, temperature and RH exhibit a strong positive correlation with annual pollen emissions, while SSH shows a negative correlation. Different pollen types display varied responses to meteorological factors. Finally, the constructed pollen emissions model is integrated into RegCM and validated using pollen observation data, confirming its reliability in predicting pollen concentrations. This study not only enhances the understanding of pollen release mechanisms but also provides scientific evidence for the selection and planting of urban greening plants.
Extreme weather anomalies and surface signatures associated with merged Atlantic-African jets during winter
Authors: Suresan Sohan , Harnik Nili , Caballero Rodrigo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract. The winter-long merging of the African and Atlantic jets is associated with extreme winter weather across the Northern hemisphere. Past studies have shown that merging of the Atlantic and African jets is linked to weaker Atlantic eddy activity and stronger tropical heating, and is strongly correlated with a negative NAO state. In this study we examine the relation between jet merging and extreme weather, taking care to separate out the effects of the NAO and El Nino, in order to be left with the added influence of Atlantic-African jet merging. Our analysis, considering percentile exceedance and anomaly composites of surface temperature, surface wind and precipitation, identifies distinct weather signatures of merged jet winters, notably affecting the Iberian Peninsula, North Africa, southern Mediterranean, southwest Greenland, and Northern Europe. Additionally, we analyse the relationship between merged jets and shifts in cyclone track orientation contributing to the observed extreme weather patterns over these regions. Furthermore, once we remove the NAO effect from the merged-jet surface temperature anomaly signal, we find that winter-long jet merging coincides with anomalous warm Arctic, cold Eurasia, and strong El Niño conditions. This weakens the high latitude temperature gradient which affects the midlatitude baroclinicity resulting in the weakening of eddy activity and ultimately leading to persistent jet merging. Thus the African and Atlantic jet merging during winter appears to further align with the theoretical concept that includes a dynamical regime transition of the jet from eddy driven to mixed eddy–thermally driven, consistent with the corresponding weakened mid-latitude eddies and intensified tropical heating.
Dynamics, predictability, impacts, and climate change considerations of the catastrophic Mediterranean Storm Daniel (2023)
Authors: Flaounas Emmanouil , Dafis Stavros , Davolio Silvio , Faranda Davide , Ferrarin Christian , Hartmuth Katharina , Hochman Assaf , Koutroulis Aristeidis , Khodayar Samira , Miglietta Mario Marcello , Pantillon Florian , Patlakas Platon , Sprenger Michael , Thurnherr Iris 
Published: September 2024

Abstract. In September 2023, storm Daniel formed in the centre of the Mediterranean Sea as an intense Mediterranean cyclone. Its formation was accompanied by significant socioeconomic impacts in Greece including several fatalities and severe damages to agricultural infrastructures. Within a few days, the cyclone evolved into a tropical-like storm, i.e., medicane, that made landfall in Libya, probably marking the most catastrophic and lethal weather event that was ever documented in the region. In this study, we place storm Daniel as the centrepiece of the catastrophic events in Greece and Libya. We thus consider that there is a direct link between the atmospheric processes that turned Daniel into a catastrophic storm and the actual socioeconomic impacts that a single weather system has produced in the two countries. We perform a holistic analysis that articulates between atmospheric dynamics, precipitation extremes, and quantification of impacts, i.e., floods and sea state. This is done by taking into account the predictability of Daniel at weather scales and the attribution of impacts to climate change. Our results show that Daniel initially formed like any other intense Mediterranean cyclone. At this stage, the cyclone produced significant socioeconomic impacts on Greece, in an area far from the cyclone centre. In later times, Daniel attained tropical-like characteristics while gradually reaching its maximum intensity. Impacts over Libya coincided with the cyclone's landfall at its maturity stage. The predictability of the cyclone formation was rather low even in relatively short lead times -of the order of four days- while higher prediction skill was found when addressing the landfall in Libya for the same lead times. Our analysis of impacts shows the adequate capacity of numerical weather forecasting to capture the extremeness of precipitation amounts and floodings in Greece and Libya. Therefore, state-of-the-art numerical weather prediction has provided information on the severity of the imminent flood events. We also analyse the moisture sources contributing to extreme precipitation. Results show that moisture sources were majorly driven by large-scale atmospheric circulation, while in maturity, Daniel drew substantial amounts of water vapor from local maritime areas within the Mediterranean Sea. In a climatological context, Daniel was indeed shown to produce extreme precipitation amounts, and our analysis allows us to interpret Daniel's impacts as an event whose characteristics can be ascribed to human-driven climate change.