bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA DALAM MEMBACA PERMULAAN DI KELAS II UPT SPF SD INPRES MONGISIDI
Authors: Coralia Febriyanti , Bakri Muhammad , Angreani A.Vivit 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesulitan yang dialami oleh siswa dalam membaca permulaan di kelas II UPT SPF SD Inpres Mongisidi. Hal yang melatarbelakangi penelitian ini adalah banyaknya peserta didik di kelas rendah yang mengalami kesulitan dalam membaca. Jenis Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang dilakukan di UPT SPF SD Inpres Mongisidi tahun 2023, subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas II dengan jumlah 29 siswa dengan jumlah 1 guru kelas II UPT SPF SD Inpres Mongisidi.Teknik Pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, serta dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan menarik kesimpulan.Hasil penelitian tentang analisis kesulitan siswa dalam membaca permulaan di kelas II UPT SPF SD Inpres Mongisidi dapat dikatakan cukup baik. Selama proses pembelajaran peneliti melihat situasi pembelajaran yang kondusif. Namun beberapa siswa tidak memperhatikan pembelajaran yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor yang di alami siswa . ketika peneliti mewawancarai siswa ditemukan beberapa faktor yang menjadi kesulitan membaca permulaan diantaranya lingkungan keluarga, metode pembelajaran dan gangguan dari teman. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan siswa dalam kesulitan membaca permulaan yaitu guru dan orang tua saling bekerja sama untuk memberikan motivasi agar siswa lebih giat dalam belajar, memberikan jam pelajaran tambahan setelah pulang sekolah, dan guru menggunakan media serta metode pembelajaran yang lebih kreatif sehingga siswa lebih tertarik pada pembelajaran.

Kata Kunci : Analisis Kesulitan, membaca permulaan, Peserta didik, Sekolah Dasar
Graphene Oxide-Silica Green Hybrid Nanocomposites: Fabrication via Latex Mixing and Mechanical Properties Evaluation
Authors: Prajitha V , Jibin K P , Abitha V K , Sisanth K S , Miroslav Huskic , Sabu Thomas 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
This study investigates the incorporation of sustainable self-assembled graphene oxide-nano silica (GO/NS) hybrid nanoparticles into the natural rubber latex matrix via latex mixing. The primary objective is to assess the synergistic impact of these nanofillers on the mechanical properties of natural rubber latex using both static and dynamic mechanical analysis. Results reveal significant enhancements in mechanical properties, with NRL GO/NS 2 exhibiting a remarkable 188% increase in tensile strength and NRL GO/NS 3 showing a substantial 107% increase. Furthermore, NRL GO/NS 3 demonstrates a 30% reduction in rolling resistance and a remarkable 200% improvement in wet grip, while NRL GO/NS 2 exhibits an 88% increase in wet grip and a 43% decrease in rolling resistance, suggesting potential fuel efficiency benefits. These advancements hold promise for various applications such as automotive tire manufacturing, biomedical devices, and the production of elastomeric goods.
Sentencing: R v Kenneth Clarke & Jamie McConnell (Reference by the Director of Public Prosecutions) [2024] NICA 52
Authors: Taggart John 
Published: September 2024

Sentencing offenders for multiple offences can be a complicated task with various competing demands placed on the sentencing judge. The principle of totality seeks to ensure that the overall criminality of the offending behaviour is reflected in the ultimate sentence. Judges normally achieve this by making some or all of the sentences concurrent or by reducing the length of each individual sentence. In approaching this task, what role does the ‘headline’ or ‘lead’ offence have and how does it assist the judge to arrive at a ‘just and proportionate’ sentence? This case comment examines the reference brought by the Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP) in the case of R v Clarke & McConnell. In this decision, the Northern Ireland Court of Appeal decided that the wrong headline offence had been identified in the lower court which, in turn, skewed the starting point for the overall sentence. This comment examines the relevance of such a ‘headline’ or ‘lead offence’ and considers its role in the sentencing exercise. With Northern Ireland operating a different sentencing regime to England & Wales, it also considers how such cases are approached by judges in the absence of specific sentencing guidelines.
Rezension von: Fabian, Ekkehart, Die Schmalkaldischen Bundesabschiede 1533-1536 ...
Authors: Lenckner Georg , Fabian Ekkehart 
Published: September 2024

Ekkehart Fabian: Die Schmalkaldischen Bundesabschiede 1533-1536. Mit Ausschreiben der Bundestage und anderen archivalischen Beilagen. 131 Seiten. Tübingen 1958. (= Schriften zur Kirchen- und Rechtsgeschichte 8. Heft.) — Die Beschlüsse der oberdeutschen schmalkaldischen Städtetage. 2. Teil: 1531-1532. Quellenbuch zur Reformations- und Verfassungsgeschichte Ulms und der anderen Reichsstädte des oberländischen Schmalkaldischen Bundeskreises. 202 S. 1959. (14./15. Heft.) — 3. Teil: 1533-1536. Quellenbuch zur Geschichte des Zerfalls des Schwäbischen Bundes, der Religionsprozesse protestierender Städte und der Erneuerung des Schmalkaldischen Bundes. 376 S. 1960. (21./24. Heft.)
The impact of population ageing on Spanish labour market flows
Authors: Anghel Brindusa , Puente Sergio 
Published: September 2024

RationaleThis article shows that labour market flows – between employment and unemployment and economic inactivity, and between jobs – vary appreciably across age groups. It also explores the impact of population ageing on aggregate labour market flows in Spain.Takeaways•Labour market flows – between employment and unemployment and economic inactivity, and between jobs – testify to greater mobility among younger workers.•Consequently, with all else being equal, the ageing of the employed population in Spain in recent decades appears to have been one of the factors behind the considerable reduction in aggregate flows in the Spanish labour market.•In this setting, as population ageing will foreseeably intensify in the near future, the labour retraining processes already under way as part of firms’ digital and green transitions will likely encounter difficulties.
Cell Proliferation and Cytotoxicity Assays, The Fundamentals for Drug Discovery
Authors: Niu Jingyi , Li Minai , Wang Ying 
Published: September 2024

Review
Cell Proliferation and Cytotoxicity Assays, The Fundamentals for Drug Discovery

Jingyi Niu†, Minai Li† and Ying Wang*
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao 999078, China
* Correspondence: emilyywang@um.edu.mo
† These authors contributed equally to this work

Received: 6 May 2024; Revised: 19 June 2024; Accepted: 21 June 2024; Published: 20 August 2024

Abstract: Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity assays are fundamental to drug discovery. This review summarizes prevalent methodologies for assessing cell proliferation and cytotoxicity, including direct cell count, metabolic activity, luminescent labeling, and tri-color viability imaging. The critical determinants that can significantly impact these assay outcomes, such as cellular doubling time, transitional states like quiescence and autophagy, cell cycle stages, metabolic enzyme functions, and genetic variability, are also explored. It is necessary to integrate the commonly used assays with additional analytical techniques to achieve precision in drug discovery. A multi-tiered approach that combines cellular assays with molecular analyses can improve screening processes, reduce false negatives, and increase confidence in the therapeutic potential of lead compounds.
Detoxification of Paraquat: Scooping up the Moon from the Water?
Authors: Zhu Yanyan , Chen Xiuping 
Published: September 2024

Review
Detoxification of Paraquat: Scooping up the Moon from the Water?

Yanyan Zhu and Xiuping Chen *
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 519000, China
* Correspondence: xpchen@um.edu.mo; Tel.: +853-88224679

Received: 9 May 2024; Revised: 6 June 2024; Accepted: 12 June 2024; Published: 23 August 2024

Abstract: Paraquat poisoning is a global public health problem, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. Ingestion of even small amounts of paraquat can be life-threatening. However, there is no specific antidote for this pesticide, which has a low lethal dose and high lethality in humans. Paraquat poisoning causes systemic toxicity with the primary target organ being the lungs, resulting in acute alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis. It can also lead to multiple organ failure. This review summarizes the current clinical management of patients with paraquat poisoning and the potentially effective compounds reported in the literature and patents for the treatment of paraquat poisoning. It also summarizes future directions for antidote development based on reports of available potential antidotes and provides ideas for paraquat antidote development.
Human Cardiac Organoids: Quantification and Qualification in Cardiovascular Studies
Authors: Liu Yingjuan , Abraham Sabu , Xu Honglin 
Published: September 2024

Review
Human Cardiac Organoids: Quantification and Qualification in Cardiovascular Studies

Yingjuan Liu, Sabu Abraham, and Honglin Xu *
Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
* Correspondence: honglin.xu@postgrad.manchester.ac.uk

Received: 4 April 2024; Revised: 29 May 2024; Accepted: 29 May 2024; Published: 29 August 2024

Abstract: The human cardiac organoids (hCOs) represent a three-dimensional (3D) tissue model that mirrors in vivo cardiac conditions. Recent advancements underscore the immense potential of hCOs in several areas including studying early cardiogenesis, modeling heart diseases, screening potential drugs, and even exploring possibilities for cardiac regeneration. Recognizing the pivotal role hCOs play across various applications, this review examines the evolution of key metrics and tools for assessing cardiac organoids tailored for diverse research objectives. Moreover, it deliberates on the limitations of cardiac organoids and outlines the prospective avenues for future research applications of hCOs.
The Effects of Economic Growth and Investment and Inflation on Unemployment and Poverty in Indonesia
Authors: Sumarlina Sumarlina  , Michael Michael  , Diana Lestari  
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze and determine the effect of economic growth and investment and inflation on exhaustion and poverty in Indonesia. In this research, the analysis tool used was path analysis assisted by the Amos Version 22 program application. This research is a quantitative study using secondary data obtained from the Indonesian Statistics Agency in the form of time series data (2013-2022).
The results of the first structural analysis of economic growth show a negative and significant value for stimulation, while investment and inflation show a negative value for activation. The results of the analysis of the second structure of economic growth with stimulation show a significant negative and positive effect on poverty. Economic growth shows a significant negative effect on poverty. Investment shows a significant negative effect on poverty. Inflation shows a significant positive effect on poverty. While suction shows a positive significance to dirtiness. Economic growth shows a positive value for the futility of response. Investment shows a significant negative value to the futility of the response. Inflation shows a significant negative value on poverty through responses.
Opportunities And Challenges For Shopee Users In MSMEs
Authors: Gusti Erli Anggi Lubis  , Siti Hawa Hasibuan  , Angga Lesmana  , Nurbaiti Nurbaiti  
Published: September 2024

The era of digitalization now has penetrate to various field life man . Phenomenon This bring impact significant to shift pattern buy and consume society , p This change method think as well as culture something community . Transformation This cause shift from approach conventional in nature physique going to a more digital approach and not tangible . Research methods used _ in study This namely the Qualitative Method with do data collection via Internet Searching. Many related articles , journals and ebooks _ with topic study . Rating result literacy depend on _ collected findings _ from various source , like books , journals , and reports before that , of course related with subject study . The existence of the Shopee application makes A convenience for MSME players to _ operate his business , that is impact Because wheel economy a country still Can turn with the existence of MSME actors and also sectors the become savior in the middle difficult conditions . _ Lots of it features provided _ like Shopee food, features the there is various type attractive offer _ consumer interest _ like Lots discount , free fare Send become A things that consumers find interesting so consumers _ sometimes more choose buy food via Shopee Food compared buy direct in place.
Pentingnya Guru Pak Dalam Menanamkan Nilai-Nilai Kristiani Tehadap Anak-Anak Remaja Di SMP Negeri 25 Pontianak Terkhusunya Kelas VII Dan VIII
Authors: Salom Gabriel Abiaser Dael  
Published: September 2024

The role of PAK teachers is very imporatant, especially in instilling Christian values in student and shaping the personality of student in accordance with Christian Values. Student at SMP NEGERI 25 PONTIANAK in terms of declined dud to a lack of spiritual guidance for them.With things like this without thinking of a solution for the future of students. basically parents of students have good expectations for spiritual growth in the future of their children.however, there are no PAK teachers who have teh determination to carry this out, so thet the attitudes and characteristics of students at SMP NEGERI 25 PONTIANAK are decreasing day by day and are not in line with their parents’ expecatations because there are no pak teachers who reach out to them. the role of PAK teachers has not maximally instilled Chirstian values in students to be applied in the lives of students.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Beban Operasional Terhadap Pendapatan Operasional Dan Non Performing Loan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Sektor Perbankan
Authors: Yanuar Rizky Anggada  , Maria Safitri  
Published: September 2024

The objective of this study is to assess the influence of profitabilty, Operational Costs on Operating Income (BOPO), and Non-Performing Loans (NPL) on the valuation of companies within the banking sector. The primary focus of this investigation centers on conventional bank entities listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) throughout the 2018-2022 timeframe. Employing a quantitative approach, this research utilizes secondary data. The study's population encompasses 41 companies, with purposive sampling employed to select 32 companies meeting the predetermined criteria. Consequently, 160 observational data points were gathered through classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing utilizing multiple linear analysis. The research findings indicate that the variables Return on Assets (ROA), BOPO, and NPL collectively exert an influence on company valuation. Specifically, ROA exhibits a significantly positive effect on company value, whereas BOPO and NPL exhibit a significantly negative impact on company value

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan guna mengevaluasi dampak profitabilitas, Biaya Operasional pada Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO), dan Non Performing Loan (NPL) pada nilai perusahaan di sektor perbankan. Fokus utama penelitian ini ialah pada perusahaan Bank konvensional yang terverifikasi di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama 2018 hingga 2022. Metode penelitian yang dipakai ialah kuantitatif dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder. Populasi pengkajian ini melibatkan 41 perusahaan, dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan melalui purposive sampling, di mana 32 perusahaan memenuhi kriteria. Oleh karena itu, pengkajian ini mengumpulkan data observasi sebanyak 160 data dengan menggunakan uji asumsi klasik, uji regresi linier berganda, dan uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan analisis linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel Return on Assets (ROA), BOPO, dan NPL berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Secara parsial, ROA berdampak positif signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, sementara BOPO dan NPL mempunyai dampak negatif signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan.
A PONDERAÇÃO DE PRINCÍPIOS COLIDENTES E A APLICAÇÃO DA PROIBIÇÃO DA PROTEÇÃO DEFICIENTE DO ESTADO NO DIREITO PENAL BRASILEIRO
Authors: ROCHA LEITAO IURI 
Published: September 2024

O postulado da Proibição da Proteção Deficiente do Estado foi desenvolvido, originariamente, a partir da construção jurisprudencial germânica, aplicando a ponderação de princípios colidentes. O precedente foi crucial para uma compreensão dos direitos fundamentais a partir de sua perspectiva objetiva. A transnacionalidade do direito e o diálogo de cortes possibilitaram a utilização do instituto por outros estados. O referido postulado foi acolhido pela doutrina, e é aplicado pelo Poder Judiciário Brasileiro com a finalidade de resguardar direitos da coletividade, como visto no RE 418.376-5/MS e no HC 102087, ambos do STF. Necessário constatar se a base teórica do referido instituto vem sendo aplicado de forma correta no Brasil, bem como, o método utilizado. As decisões acertaram em aplicar a Proibição da Proteção Deficiente no caso concreto, mas falharam por não utilizar, de forma adequada, a regra de resolução de colisão de princípios. A utilização de forma atécnica e indiscriminada do método de resolução da colisão de princípios como ocorre, hoje, no Brasil, além de trazer subjetivismo e, por consequência, ativismo judicial e arbítrio, acaba fomentando críticas doutrinárias, algumas injustas e estereotipadas, sobre o próprio neoconstitucionalismo e a aplicação de institutos legítimos como a Proibição da Proteção Deficientes do Estado.
Subsidence after Trapeziometacarpal Arthroplasty
Authors: Alexander Jeremiah , Chandler Calvin , Tariq Mohammed , Vetter Imelda , Ring David , Reichel Lee , Ramtin Sina 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
Surgeons sometimes ascribe inadequate comfort and capability after trapeziometacarpal (TMC) arthroplasty to movement of the trapezium toward the scaphoid (subsidence or reduced trapezial space height [TSH]). We asked the following: (1) What percentage of studies found a relationship between subsidence of the metacarpal toward the distal scaphoid and measures of grip strength, capability, pinch strength, pain intensity, or patient satisfaction after TMC arthroplasty and what study characteristics are associated with having notable correlation? (2) What study factors are associated with greater postoperative TSH? (3) What is the mean subsidence over time?

Methods:
We conducted a systematic review by querying PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases from 1986 and onward. Using inclusion criteria of TMC arthroplasty inclusive of trapeziectomy, ligament reconstruction and tendon interposition, tendon interposition, and prosthetic arthroplasty and a measure of subsidence, 91 studies were identified.

Results:
Seven of 31 study groups reported a correlation of subsidence with pinch strength, 5 of 21 with magnitude of incapability, 1 of 16 with grip strength, 2 of 20 with pain intensity, and none of 10 with satisfaction. Study factors associated with a relationship between subsidence and one of these measures included continents other than Europe. Among the 9 studies that measured TSH over time, the mean change in TSH was 5.0 mm ± 2.2 mm SD for visits less than 1 year after surgery and 5.5 mm ± SD 1.0 mm for visits 1 to 3.5 years after surgery.

Conclusion:
The observation that most studies find no relationship between radiographic subsidence of an average of 5 millimeters and levels of strength, capability, comfort, or satisfaction after TMC arthroplasty suggests that primary surgeries may not benefit from a focus on limiting subsidence and revision arthroplasty ought not be offered based on this radiographic measure.
Preoperative and Postoperative Therapeutic Anticoagulation in Orthopaedic Surgery Increases the Risk of Bleeding: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wadhwa Harsh , Rohde Matthew S. , Xiao Michelle , Maschhoff Clayton , Bishop Julius A. , Gardner Michael J. , Goodnough L. Henry 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Patients requiring postoperative therapeutic anticoagulation may have increased risk of bleeding complications, infection, and poor wound healing. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing bleeding complication rates among orthopaedic surgery patients receiving perioperative therapeutic anticoagulation.

Methods:
A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed in concordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta Analysis 2020 guidelines. PubMed was queried for articles related to therapeutic anticoagulation in orthopaedic surgery and complications using keywords and medical subject headings. Inclusion/exclusion criteria were any study reporting bleeding complications after orthopaedic surgery among patients on perioperative therapeutic anticoagulation with a minimum 1-year follow-up. Studies were reviewed for heterogeneity and risk of bias. Pooled analysis was done to determine postoperative complication rates among patients on therapeutic anticoagulation.

Results:
Thirty-seven studies with 3,990 patients were included. Studies were grouped by their surgical subspecialty with 16 from arthroplasty, one foot and ankle, two spine, one sports, 13 trauma, and four upper extremity. Among patients on therapeutic anticoagulation, the pooled rate and 95% confidence intervals of bleeding complications was 8% (5 to 11%) overall, 10% (5 to 15%) in arthroplasty, 6% (3 to 11%) in trauma, and 5% (1 to 30%) in upper extremity. The overall rates (95% CI) of venous thromboembolism (VTE) were 2% (2 to 4%), infection 5% (3 to 10%), and revision surgery 4% (3 to 6%). Upper extremity VTE rates were 0% (0 to 15%), infection 4% (3 to 6%), and revision surgery 4% (3 to 6%). Trauma VTE rates were 4% (2 to 5%), infection 2% (1 to 6%), and revision surgery 3% (2 to 4%). Arthroplasty VTE rates were 2% (1 to 5%), infection 9% (4 to 18%), and revision surgery 4% (2 to 7%).

Conclusions:
Therapeutic postoperative anticoagulation may increase the risk of bleeding complications when compared with the general population. Incidence of VTE was similar when compared with historical data.
INFORMASI, INTERAKTIFITAS, DAN RELEVANSI INSTAGRAM REELS ADS DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP ADVERTISEMENT PERFORMANCE EXPECTANCY
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad Daffa , Kurnia Kurnia 
Published: September 2024

The primary goal of this research was to explore the impact of information, interactivity, and relevance in Instagram Reels Ads, specifically focusing on their influence on ad performance expectations within the context of FitaminCylingCulture. The study takes a quantitative approach within the positivism paradigm. The target population consists of active users of social media who are followers of the Instagram account @FitaminCylingCulture. A total of 100 respondents were selected for the study based on the Lemeshow formula with a 10% margin of error. The sampling method employed was purposive, involving the selection of active followers of FitaminCyclingCulture who are also customers. Data analysis was conducted using partial least squares (PLS), which included testing the measurement model for validity and reliability, as well as assessing the statistical significance of the hypothesized relationships through structural model testing. The majority of respondents were located in the Jabodetabek region (94.2%), with the largest age group being 20-24 years old (63.5%). It was found that these three factors had a significant positive impact on advertisement performance expectations.