bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraction of K2CO3 from Low Concentration [K+] Solutions with the Aid of CO2: A Study on the Metastable Phase Equilibrium of K2CO3-Na2CO3-H2O Ternary System
Authors: Miao Shiding , He Shuai , Xue Yuli , Nian Hongen , Wang Jian , Zhang Peng , Zhu Fujie , Wen Wanglin 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Food grade (K2CO3 wt.%>99.0%, GB/T 25588-2010) potassium carbonate (K2CO3) has been extracted from low concentration [K+] solutions of K2CO3-Na2CO3-H2O, which refers to a subsystem of brine water in the Lop Nor Lake in West China. Procedures of the isothermal evaporation, crystallization, CO2 acidification, filtration, and calcination were employed to prepare the K2CO3. This research focuses on the phase study of metastable equilibria between K2CO3-Na2CO3-H2O and KHCO3-NaHCO3-H2O. The solubility, density, conductivity, and pH values were determined. Phase diagrams were plotted at temperatures of 298.2 and 313.2 K. At 298.2 K the ternary system of K2CO3-Na2CO3-H2O was found to have double salts in form of solid solutions Na2CO3·K2CO3·(6–12)H2O, which would hinder the process of getting pure K2CO3 by the means of isothermal evaporation. In this protocol the high-pressure CO2 was charged to the ternary carbonate solution, and the K2CO3-Na2CO3-H2O was moved to bicarbonate system KHCO3-NaHCO3-H2O. This quaternary system is of a simple co-saturation type of diagram, in which a solid solution (KHCO3·NaHCO3) was found to be greatly affected by temperatures. This finding affords efficient separation of KHCO3 from the KHCO3-NaHCO3-H2O solutions.
Simple and Complex Centromeric Satellites in Drosophila Sibling Species
Authors: Talbert Paul B , Kasinathan Sivakanthan , Henikoff Steven 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Centromeres are the chromosomal sites of assembly for kinetochores, the protein complexes that attach to spindle fibers and mediate separation of chromosomes to daughter cells in mitosis and meiosis. In most multicellular organisms, centromeres comprise a single specific family of tandem repeats—often 100–400 bp in length—found on every chromosome, typically in one location within heterochromatin. Drosophila melanogaster is unusual in that the heterochromatin contains many families of mostly short (5–12 bp) tandem repeats, none of which appear to be present at all centromeres, and none of which are found only at centromeres. Although centromere sequences from a minichromosome have been identified and candidate centromere sequences have been proposed, the DNA sequences at native Drosophila centromeres remain unknown. Here we use native chromatin immunoprecipitation to identify the centromeric sequences bound by the foundational kinetochore protein cenH3, known in vertebrates as CENP-A. In D. melanogaster, these sequences include a few families of 5- and 10-bp repeats; but in closely related D. simulans, the centromeres comprise more complex repeats. The results suggest that a recent expansion of short repeats has replaced more complex centromeric repeats in D. melanogaster.
Study Of The Outcome Of Early And Late Rescue Surfactant Administration In Preterm Babies
Authors: Naidu T Jayachandra , AS Kireeti , B Lokesh , Reddy Dudala Shankar 
Published: January 2018

Introduction: Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) is a common cause of mortality and morbidity in preterm. It is the commonest indication for ventilation in neonates in India. Surfactant Replacement Therapy (SRT) for RDS is a major breakthrough that has revolutionized the survival of premature infants worldwide. Randomized controlled trials have also demonstrated that prophylactic or early surfactant therapy compared with delayed surfactant treatment results in improved outcomes for preterm infants at high risk.
Objective: To assess the outcome of early and late rescue surfactant administration by InSuRE (Intubation, Surfactant and Rapid Extubation) technic in managing preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
Methodology: Study design: Prospective analytical study. Sample size: 144 preterm babies between 28-34 weeks of GA. Setting: Level III NICU at SVRR Government General Hospital, Tirupati, AP. Study Period: 1 year (Sep 2013 to Aug 2014). Method: All preterm babies between 28-34 weeks with respiratory distress were given surfactant with InSuRE technic immediately and categorized into early and late rescue group depending on the time of surfactant therapy i.e. within 2 hrs. of life and between 2-24 hrs. of life respectively.
Results: In early rescue group there is significant reduction in mortality and lessen the need of mechanical ventilation with p value <0.05. Conclusion: Early routine surfactant administration within 2 hrs. of life as compared to late selective administration significantly reduced the need mechanical ventilation within 7th day of life and mortality among preterm with respiratory distress syndrome.
Biotransformations in Microflow Systems: Bridging the Gap between Academia and Industry
Authors: Žnidaršič-Plazl Polona 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Recent remarkable progress in understanding and engineering enzymes and whole cells as highly selective and environment-friendly catalysts enabling novel routes for the production of pharmaceuticals, fine and platform chemicals, and biofuels has spurred the quest for fast biocatalyst screening and development of efficient processes with long-term biocatalyst use. Besides this, current efforts towards more sustainable production systems and bio-based products have triggered an intense research on chemo-enzymatic cascades and establishment of continuous end-to-end processing. Microreaction technology, which has in the last two decades changed the paradigm in the laboratory and production scale organic synthesis, is recently gaining attention also in the field of applied biocatalysis. Based on the trends highlighted within this article, microfluidic systems linked with appropriate monitoring and feedback control can greatly contribute to successful implementation of biocatalysis in industrial production. Microflow-based droplets facilitate ultrahigh-throughput biocatalyst engineering, screening at various operational conditions, and very fast collection of data on reaction kinetics using minute amounts of time and reagents. Harnessing the benefits of microflow devices results in faster and cheaper selection of substrate(s) and media, and development of suitable immobilization methods for continuous biocatalyst use. Furthermore, the use of highly efficient reactor designs integrated with downstream processing enabling also faster and more reliable scale-up can bridge the gap between the academic research and industrial use of biocatalysts.
Impactos da seca na saúde mental de moradores de uma comunidade rural
Authors: Ximenes Verônica Morais , Camurça Carla Evelline De Sousa , Mota Larissa Eufrásio Peixoto , Gurgel Lívia Lima , Leite Jáder Ferreira 
Published: January 2018

O presente artigo analisou os impactos da seca na saúde mental de moradores de uma comunidade rural do Ceará. O objetivo é analisar os impactos da seca na saúde mental de moradores da comunidade de Canafístula, localizada na zona rural de Apuiarés (Ceará). As metodologias quantitativa e qualitativa constituíram o desenho metodológico. Participaram do estudo 175 moradores, com idade entre 18 a 88 anos. Foram aplicados a Escala de Influências da Seca e a Escala de Saúde Mental-SRQ-20. Na etapa qualitativa foram realizados três grupos focais e seis entrevistas em profundidade. Os resultados apontaram que na Escala de Influências da Seca 100% dos participantes ou sua família vivenciaram alguma seca. O SRQ-20 apontou a prevalência de transtorno mental comum de 36% (63 pessoas) com prevalência de 84,5% (49) para as mulheres. Os relatos dos participantes destacaram que a realidade da seca traz impactos para a saúde mental, pois afeta suas atividades produtivas, gera sentimentos de tristeza, insegurança quanto ao futuro e desânimo. Algumas políticas públicas como a construção de cisternas e as aposentadorias contribuem para enfrentar essa situação.
Fecundidade e Ambiente: temas e controvérsias
Authors: Silva César Augusto Marques da , Carvalho Angelita Alves 
Published: January 2018

A dificuldade em encontrar nexos causais entre a fecundidade e a mudança ambiental sempre esteve presente nas pesquisas demográficas. As relações entre tais variáveis são de difícil apreensão e são raras as referências bibliográficas no tema. Neste artigo buscamos sintetizar essa discussão em dois elementos principais: tratamos das influências ambientais sobre o comportamento reprodutivo e da influência da fecundidade sobre o ambiente, enfatizando a discussão pró-natalista e controlista. Nesse sentido apontamos que as principais justificativas ambientais para tais iniciativas acabam obscurecendo as demandas por direitos reprodutivos.
A mobilidade populacional e sua relação com o ambiente: breve panorama dos principais debates
Authors: Craice Carla 
Published: January 2018

O artigo realiza um panorama das discussões sobre a mobilidade populacional e sua relação com o ambiente. Para isso, são analisados livros e periódicos organizados pelo Grupo de Trabalho População, Espaço e Ambiente da Associação Brasileira de Estudos Populacionais desde sua primeira publicação em 1993. O conceito de mobilidade adotado nesta investigação compreende o movimento de um grupo populacional pelo espaço, não se restringindo a limites político-administrativos e sem fixação de intervalo de tempo. Dentre o conjunto de estudos analisados, a mobilidade esteve presente principalmente em debates sobre cidades, Amazônia e mudanças climáticas. Observou-se que a mobilidade populacional foi tratada a partir de uma relação dialética com a questão ambiental, nem simplesmente causa ou consequência, mas sim estabelecendo laços complexos com o seu entorno.
DISPUTE SETTLEMENT NORM OF ESTATE DISTRIBUTION ON ADAT PEOPLE OF MINANGKABAU (WEST SUMATRA)
Authors: Poespasari Ellyne Dwi 
Published: January 2018

Principally, dispute settlement of estate distribution on Minangkabau People is done by deliberation. If its settlement through deliberation is failed, an effort to solve the dispute through court needs to be conducted. This paper studies first, how is the opinion of judicial institution in the dispute of estate distribution on Minangkabau people; second, how is the implication of estate distribution on Minangkabau people after judge’s verdict. This is normative research with statute approach and case approach. The result of this research shows that there is the possibility of judicial institution’s verdict in the dispute settlement of estate distribution which is contradicted with adat law of Minangkabau (Matrilineal kinship). However, if it is seen from the legal perspective, estate distribution of Minangkabau people after judge’s verdict can be a breakthrough that is able to change the value of old adat law into the new one. Keywords: Dispute settlement, estate distribution, matrilineal kinship.
NURSE’S LEGAL COMPLIANCE ON HEALTH PROMOTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN NURSING PRACTICES (A Study in Ajibarang Regional Public Hospital / RSUD in Banyumas Regency)
Authors: Hanadi Saryono 
Published: January 2018

Recently, most nurses understad the standards and health promotion regulation yet only few implement them. This phenomenon is perceived disadvantageous habit which causes ineffective health promotion and poor health care to the community. Accordingly, this research will discuss the level of nurse’s legal compliance on health promotion standard in nursing care and the influence of motivation and communication on the level of nurse’s legal compliance for health promotion implementation in Ajibarang Hospital. This study applied sociological juridical research by using quantitative and qualitative methods. The results show, legal compliance to some extent is not independent or influenced by various factors. In this study, the non-legal factors that often affect the compliance of law include nurse motivation in implementing health promotion and nurse communication in performing health promotion. Keywords: motivation factor, communication factor, legal compliance, nurse
Perilaku Gizi Seimbang Anak Sekolah Diperbaiki dengan Edukasi Gizi Anak dan Orangtua
Authors: Purnamasari Dyah Umiyarni , Dardjito Endo , Kusnandar Kusnandar 
Published: January 2018

The objective of study was to analyze the improving of balanced nutrition behaviour after applying nutritional education through pictorial story media for children and audiovisual media for mothers. The design of this study is a quasi-experimental study. Subjects were 45 students and 45 mothers of Limpakuwus Elementary School, Banyumas Regency. There was increasing of students' knowledge (20.8%) and maternal nutritional knowledge (15.5%) after being educated. Different behavior changes occurred significantly (p: 0,000 <0.05) before and after nutrition education.
Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbaikan perilaku gizi seimbang setelah penerapan edukasi gizi mellaui media cerita bergambar dan audiovisual pada orangtua. Desain penelitian ini adalah Kuasi Eksperimen. Sampel adalah 45 siswa dan 45 ibu pada SD Limpakuwus, Kabupaten Banyumas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan anak (20,8%) dan ibu (15,5 %) setelah pemberian edukasi. Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada perilaku (p 0,000< 0,05) sebelum dan sesudah edukasi.
Time-Kill Assay of 4-Hydroxypanduratin A Isolated from Kaempferia Pandurata Against Foodborne Pathogens
Authors: Marliyana Soerya Dewi , Mujahidin Didin , Syah Yana M , Rukayadi Yaya 
Published: January 2018

Time–kill assay was performed for 4-hydroxypanduratin A that was isolated from Kaempferia pandurata rizhome against four important foodborne pathogens, namely Bacillus cereus ATCC 21772, Bacillu subtilis ATCC 6633, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29737, and Proteus mirabilis ATCC 21100. The methods have been investigated in term of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and killing time curve using methods of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The results showed that 4-hydroxypanduratin A rapid acting in killing bacteria as follow: B. cereus : 1×MIC for 4 h, P. mirabilis: 4×MIC for 0.5 h, meanwhile B. subtilis and S. aureus were 1×MIC for 2 h. In conclusion, 4-hydroxypanduratin A showed strong antimicrobial activity against four important foodborne pathogens.
Choquequirao: Uso y función de los espacios a través de la evidencia cultural - Sector IX Pikiwasi (Choquequirao: Use and function of spaces Through cultural evidence - Sector IX pikiwasi)
Authors: Angulo Lucero 
Published: January 2018

El propósito del estudio fue el interés por comprender qué uso y función cumplía el sector IX Pikiwasi y quienes lo ocupaban en ese entonces, crucial fue el aporte que nos dio la existencia de gran cantidad de instrumentos de producción textil en dicho sector de Choquequirao; por tal razón se realizó el análisis del material cultural. Este trabajo logró identificar un resultado en asociación al contexto donde fue recuperado, relación estratigráfica y disposición arquitectónica, contrastado con datos históricos; para cumplir deesta forma con uno de los objetivos fundamentales de esta investigación, como es explicar y dar a conocer el uso y función que cumplían los espacios.La investigación se realizó en campo, gabinete y laboratorio, el diseño de la investigación recurre a un nivel descriptivo para detallar y analizar características fundamentales del problema; así, también, a un nivel explicativo para exponer el porqué de las cosas. Se utilizó material cultural para su comparación, material correspondiente a Machupicchu y otros sectores de Choquequirao, los cuales fueron seleccionados según características morfo funcionales realizando un análisis comparativo de su composición.El objetivo de entender las actividades que se habrían suscitado durante el periodo de ocupación, con particular atención al sector IX Pikiwasi, se debió a las características únicas que este presenta; como su ubicación estratégica, el peculiar diseño de los recintos, la gran cantidad de instrumentos textiles, entre otras.Los resultados fueron analizados en gabinete y laboratorio físico químico. Se identificó mayor porcentaje de muestras correspondientes a un estilo Inka local, sobre todo las de herramientas de producción textil
El liderazgo resonante desde la perspectiva de la educación intercultural en los estudiantes de pregrado (The resonant leadership from the perspective of the intercultural education in undergraduate students)
Authors: OJS Úrsula Romaní, Jorge Rivera , Rivera Jorge 
Published: January 2018

Este artículo presenta el liderazgo resonante y sus beneficios en el desarrollo de una Educación Intercultural Universitaria en el Perú, ya que no se practica un liderazgo resonante en las universidades, sino que al desconocer e interpretar las emociones de los demás se genera una disonancia que puede desencadenar un conjunto de problemas sociales como la discriminación, dado que cada estudiante presente una manera de expresarse y puede terminar rechazando al otro. Puesto que ellos no han alcanzado la empatía entre sus compañeros y sienten al otro como un extraño y los problemas sociales como ajenos.Para evitar esto, se debería aplicar el liderazgo resonante en los docentes y así el educando aprenderá en condiciones sociales favorables, debido a su modelo donde observará la inteligencia emocional en la interacción de las diferentes culturas.Por ello, se debe promover e impulsar el liderazgo resonante en los docentes en la educación superior.
Urban stormwater runoff thermal characteristics and mitigation effect of low impact development measures
Authors: Li Junqi , Gong Yongwei , Li Xiaojing , Yin Dingkun , Shi Honghong 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Thermal pollution has become a severe environmental problem in China, but studies on thermal characteristics of urban stormwater runoff are scarce. The thermal enrichment of runoff from typical land surfaces was assessed during 2012–2014 in Beijing and Shenzhen, China. The temperature of stormwater runoff from rooftops, grass surfaces and different types of road surfaces was investigated under different rainfall conditions. The mitigation effects of low impact development (LID) measures were also evaluated. Impervious asphalt or concrete surfaces store and transfer heat, and were found to cause thermal enrichment of runoff from the start of a rainfall event. In addition to surface types, pre-event weather conditions and rainfall intensity influenced runoff temperature. The pervious surface of open graded friction course (OGFC) pavement postponed the time of peak runoff temperature. The retention volume of bioretention cells resulted in thermal energy mitigation by directing runoff into the soil and vegetative cover. The grass swales showed effective reduction of runoff temperature by approximately 1–2°C compared to asphalt, concrete and marble pavements. Therefore, LID measures, such as OGFC porous pavements, bioretention cells and grass swales, can mitigate the thermal impacts of urban stormwater runoff and alleviate resulting ecological problems.
Impact assessment of land use/land cover and climate change on streamflow regionalization in an ungauged catchment
Authors: Swain Janaki Ballav , Patra Kanhu Charan 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The variation in land use/land cover (LULC) and climate have a direct impact on the accuracy of any hydrological prediction. However, quantification of the effect of these two factors in an ungauged catchment setting is less discussed. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) in combination with two regionalization techniques, i.e., Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) and Kriging were applied on 32 catchments in India where each catchment was considered as ungauged at least once. The combined and isolated impacts of LULC change (LULCC) and climate variability on streamflow for the period of 1990–2011 were quantified at an annual scale through four different cases. Satisfactory results were obtained from SWAT for the analysis of both the gauged and ungauged set-up. The overall outcomes suggest that, due to the influence of the combined effects of LULCC and climate variability, there was a decrease in the annual streamflow volume by more than 21% from the first period (1990–2000) to the second period (2001–2011) in the selected catchment treated as ungauged. The variable climate factor overshadowed the effect of LULCC. The result may be correlated with the increase in temperature and the decrease in rainfall volume, which is distinctive in a monsoon-dominated country like India.
The European Court of Human Rights and the right to clean water and sanitation
Authors: Braig Katharina Franziska 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe human right to clean water and sanitation is currently under discussion in the European Union. During this discussion, it should not be forgotten that another European organisation, namely the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), is becoming increasingly active regarding pan-European minimum standards relating to the right to clean water and sanitation. Although it is widely recognised that clean drinking water and sanitation are essential to the realisation of all human rights, no such obligation can be found in the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). This article reviews the creative development of the jurisprudence of the ECtHR concerning the right to clean water and sanitation using two interpretation techniques, namely the ‘living instrument’ doctrine and the ‘practical and effective’ doctrine. Today, the ECtHR recognises, for example, that a breach of a State's obligation to respect the right to water can amount to a violation of Article 3 of the Convention on inhuman or degrading treatment. By failing to oblige companies to curb water pollution, the Court has also held that a State can be liable for a breach of Article 8 of the Convention, namely the right to respect for private and family life.
Climate change and accommodation of water availability in transboundary rivers: lessons learned from the Guadiana basin
Authors: Jafroudi Maryam 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Historically, states have found it useful to regulate their relationship over their shared water resources via treaties. While treaties provide some element of predictability and certainty with regard to the future supplies of water to the riparian states, they also need to incorporate mechanisms that allow flexibility to respond to changes in the quantity of water available for allocation amongst the parties. This requirement is especially relevant when global climate change is causing freshwater resources to shrink. The legal regime of the Guadiana, as an example of a modern legal regime of a transboundary river, includes some provisions that permit the riparian states to accommodate the variability of the Guadiana's streamflow in response to climate change within the water allocation arrangements. The lessons learned from these provisions, which include periodical update of the historical mean precipitation values, updating the flow regime of the rivers and cancelling minimum flow requirements under special circumstances, may contribute to climate-proofing international transboundary agreements within the catchments where climate-change induced water scarcity poses a major threat.