bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive analysis of the expression level, prognostic value, and immune infiltration of cuproptosis-related genes in human breast cancer
Authors: Chen Jian , Cao Wei , Li Yingliang , Zhu Jia 
Published: October 2024

Background:
As a novel cell death form, cuproptosis results from copper combining with lipidated proteins in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. To the best of our knowledge no study has yet comprehensively analyzed the relationship between cuproptosis-related genes and breast cancer.

Methods:
The expression, prognostic value, mutations, chemosensitivity, and immune infiltration of cuproptosis-related genes in breast carcinoma patients were analyzed, PPI networks were constructed, and enrichment analyses were performed based on these genes. TIMER, UALCAN, Kaplan–Meier plotter, Human Protein Atlas, cBioPortal, STRING, GeneMANIA, DAVID, and R program v4.0.3 were used to accomplish the analyses above.

Results:
Compared to normal breast tissues, FDX1, LIAS, LIPT1, DLD, DLAT, PDHA1, MTF1, and GLS were down-regulated in breast cancer tissues, while CDKN2A was up-regulated. High expression of FDX1, LIAS, DLD, DLAT, MTF1, GLS, and CDKN2A were associated with favorable overall survival. Cuproptosis-related genes showed a high alteration rate (51.3%) in breast cancer, contributing to worse clinical outcomes. The expression levels of FDX1, LIPT1, DLD, DLAT, PDHA1, PDHB, MTF1, GLS, and CDKN2A were associated positively with 1 or more immune cell infiltrations in breast cancer. Patients with high levels of B cell, CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, and dendritic cell infiltration had a higher survival rate at 10 years.

Conclusion:
This study comprehensively investigated relationships between cuproptosis and breast cancer by bioinformatic analyses. We found that cuproptosis-related genes were generally lowly expressed in breast carcinoma tissue. As the critical gene of cuproptosis, high expression of FDX1 was related to favorable prognoses in breast cancer patients; thus, it might be a potential prognostic marker. Moreover, genes associated with cuproptosis were linked to immune infiltration in breast cancer and this relationship affected the prognosis of breast cancer.
Prevalence of swallowing disorder among older adults in nursing homes: A meta-analysis
Authors: Ran Xueman , Zhang Xinyu , Liu Wenqing 
Published: October 2024

Background:
To determine the prevalence of swallowing disorders in nursing homes and to analyze the prevalence in China and abroad. Providing basis for intervention, treatment, and care for swallowing disorders in elderly residents of nursing homes.

Methods:
A systematic search of electronic databases, including PubMed, Medline, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Veip (VIP) database, and WanFang Database. The databases were searched from their inception until March 1, 2023, using keywords such as “swallowing disorders,” “nursing homes,” and “prevalence.”

Results:
A total of 163 articles were identified from all databases and seventeen articles were included in the meta-analysis, which showed a random-effects pooled prevalence of swallowing disorders in nursing homes of 33.2% (95% confidence interval: 28.4% to 38.0%). There was significant heterogeneity between the studies (I
2 = 99.3%). The prevalence varied by country (40.6% in Asia, 15.9% in Europe, and 39.3% in China) and by screening tool used (medical records or clinical assessment: 13.0%; Gugging Swallowing Screen: 56.6%; drinking test scale: 40.8%; self-screening scale: 38.9%). Interestingly, the prevalence was similar between genders (30.4% in men and 30.2% in women).

Conclusion:
The high prevalence of swallowing disorders in nursing homes (33.2%) identified in this study underscores the need for greater attention to screening, diagnosis, and intervention strategies.
Double umbilical artery converging into a single umbilical artery: A case report
Authors: Yang Chunfang , Yang Xiaolu , Qiu Lihua , Liu Zhihui 
Published: October 2024

Rationale:
The normal structure and Doppler parameters of the umbilical cord are closely related to many diseases, including fetal infection, chromosomal abnormalities, hypoxia, and growth and development restrictions. We report a case of bilateral umbilical artery confluence resulting in the formation of a single umbilical artery in the free segment of the fetal umbilical cord, diagnosed at 24 weeks and 4 days gestation. The fetus was born prematurely after premature membrane rupture at 31 weeks and 3 days gestation. The Toxoplasma, Others, Rubellavirus, Cytomegalovirus, Herpesvirus test showed positive results for Toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus, and herpes simplex virus IgG antibodies.

Patient concerns:
A 36-year-old woman had vaginal discharge for > 1 hour at 31 weeks + 3 days gestation and came to our obstetrics department for treatment.

Diagnosis:
The pregnant woman sought treatment due to premature membrane rupture and vaginal discharge for > 1 hour. The vaginal discharge was caused by Escherichia coli. After cesarean section, the Toxoplasma, Others, Rubellavirus, Cytomegalovirus, Herpesvirus test revealed positive results for the following: T gondii, rubella virus, and herpes simplex virus IgG antibodies. The patient underwent 2 ultrasound examinations and was diagnosed with umbilical artery malformation (the free segment of the umbilical cord on the fetal side converged into a single umbilical artery), which may have been related to fetal infection.

Interventions:
The patient received anti-inflammatory and fetal lung maturation treatment for 2 days before undergoing a cesarean section.

Outcomes:
The mother and newborn received anti-inflammatory, symptomatic, and supportive treatment and were discharged after 1 week of improvement. After 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year of follow-up after birth, the growth and development of the infant (height and weight) were significantly lower than those of her peers, and her responses to sound and light were slightly delayed.

Lessons:
Umbilical artery malformation is extremely rare and may be related to intrauterine parasitic and viral infections. Ultrasound has the advantages of being noninvasive and cost-effective and can be used to dynamically observe umbilical artery structure. An abnormal change in umbilical artery structure found during ultrasound examination can indicate intrauterine infection risk, which provides clinical guidance for further examination of pregnant women, early diagnosis, timely targeted treatment, and fetal prognosis improvement.
Relationship Between HSV-1 Serostatus and HSV-2 IgG Confirmation Results using an Inhibition Assay
Authors: Shates Tessa M. , Realegeno Susan , Prince Harry E. , Marlowe Elizabeth M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background: Approximately 2% of HerpeSelect Herpes Simples Virus type 2 (HSV-2) IgG enzyme immunoassay (screen assay) sera positive samples do not confirm using an HSV-2 IgG inhibition assay. Of these, roughly 1.33% are confirmed negative and a small proportion (0.2%) are indeterminate due to inhibition observed with HSV-1 and HSV-2 lysate. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between HSV-1 IgG serostatus and HSV-2 IgG confirmation results using the HSV-2 IgG inhibition assay.
Methods: This study included consecutive HSV-2 IgG screen-positive specimens regardless of index value. Specimens were also tested for HSV-1 IgG. The HSV-2 IgG confirmation results from the inhibition assay were evaluated to assess the relationship between inhibition results and HSV-1 serostatus.
Results: Of the 21,006 positive HSV-2 IgG specimens, 13,237 (63%) were also positive for HSV-1 IgG. The proportion of HSV-1 IgG-positive samples among inhibition-indeterminate samples (33/40, 83%) was higher than among inhibition-negative (167/279, 60%) and inhibition-positive (13,041/20,691, 63%) samples. Among HSV-1 IgG-positive samples, the median HSV-1 IgG index was also significantly higher for the inhibition-indeterminate group (median = 48.8) than for the inhibition-negative (median = 30.7) and inhibition-positive groups (median = 31.2) (P = 0.00013 and P = 3.1e-05, respectively).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that HSV-2 IgG inhibition-indeterminate, but not inhibition-negative, results are associated with higher index values of HSV-1 IgG. Further studies are needed to understand other factors associated with inhibition-indeterminate results.
Use of the superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap for urethra and/or shaft reconstruction in gender diverse persons: 10-year single center experience
Authors: De Gelder Anouk , Young-Afat Danny , Claes Karel , Morrison Shane , Lumen Nikolaas , Spinoit Anne-Françoise , Waterschoot Mieke , D’Arpa Salvatore , Monstrey Stan , Buncamper Marlon 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
Although the free radial forearm flap (FRFF) is the gold standard for phalloplasty, the conspicuous donor-site scar, need for microsurgery and the tendency for the phallus to deflate over time makes both patients and surgeons look for alternatives. We describe our long-term experience with the pedicled superficial circumflex iliac artery (SCIP) flap for urethral and/or penile shaft reconstruction. This flap can be applied for similar indications as FRFF-phalloplasty, but with primary closure of the donor site(s) and without microsurgery.

METHODS:
We retrospectively reviewed surgical outcomes of all patients who underwent urethra and/or shaft reconstruction using SCIP-flaps as part of phalloplasty for gender-affirming surgery in our center between 2012 and 2022.

RESULTS:
Over a 10-year period, 55 SCIP-flaps were performed as part of phalloplasty. This included 47 unilateral SCIP-flaps, of which 10 were used for shaft reconstructions and 37 for urethra reconstructions. Primary closure was achieved in 100% of patients. No failures were observed for shaft reconstructions.
For urethra reconstructions, 8 SCIP-urethras (14%) failed completely, and 3 SCIP-flaps were converted to free flaps. In total, 82% of patients with a SCIP-urethra reconstruction were able to stand while voiding.
Eight bilateral SCIP-flaps were performed for one-stage shaft and urethra creation, of which 3 patients (38%) experienced urethral fistulas and/or strictures.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study shows that the SCIP-flap is a technically feasible and safe pedicled alternative for urethral and penile shaft reconstruction in gender diverse individuals, with similar urethral complication rates compared to FRFF and ALT-phalloplasty, however, with potentially lower shaft sensation.
Dengue epidemic alert thresholds, a tool for surveillance and epidemic detection
Authors: Thayer Maile B. , DrPH Melissa Marzan-Rodriguez , Aponte Jomil Torres , DrPH Aidsa Rivera , Rodriguez Dania M. , Madewell Zachary J. , Rysava Kristyna , Paz-Bailey Gabriela , Adams Laura E. , Johansson Michael A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEpidemic detection enables swift public health responses. Dengue viruses pose a significant public health challenge in Puerto Rico, where they are endemic and cause intermittent epidemics. A weekly intercept-only negative binomial regression model was fitted using historical data from January 1986 to June 2024. Thresholds were defined using three percentiles (60%, 75%, and 90%). The 75th percentile threshold aligned best with historical epidemic classifications. This model provides a robust method for defining thresholds, accounting for skewed data, utilizing all historical data, and improving upon traditional methods like endemic channels. In March 2024, the Puerto Rico Department of Health declared a public health emergency due to an unseasonably early surge in cases that exceeded the epidemic alert threshold in February. This real-time application highlights the value of these thresholds to support dengue epidemic detection and public health response. Integrating thresholds with other tools and strategies can enhance epidemic preparedness and management.One-sentence summary lineEpidemic alert thresholds can correctly detect and classify epidemics and enable timely public health response.
Climate change, weather, and geography shape seed mass variation and decline across western North America
Authors: Lenzo Leah J. , Forister Matthew L. , Olwell Peggy , Leger Elizabeth A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSeeds are an essential reproductive strategy for most plants, and seed mass is predicted to respond to environmental factors, but we do not know if climate change-related size changes observed in other organisms will also be reflected in seed mass. We investigated the temporal, geographic, and environmental patterns that influence seed mass across 2,800 species of native plants from over 13,000 populations across the western US using information from two decades of collections from a national program, Seeds of Success. Most species exhibited low variation in seed mass, though some varied by up to 220% over their occupied area. Measures of climate change influenced seed mass in over 40% of species, which could be evidence of adaptation to new optimal values or maladaptive responses. Species with the most variation in seed mass were those collected across sites with a wide range of minimum temperatures, from more northern latitudes, and across a wide range of dates, and seeds were generally larger in areas where it was wetter and warmer. Seed mass declined for over half (55%) of species, and declined overall by an average of 0.012 mg each year, though there were many species-specific differences, including 17% of species increasing appreciably in mass. Relationships between seed mass and environmental variables varied widely in strength, identity, and direction among species, including those that often co-occur. These results support the need to continue native seed collections for conservation and restoration, as plant reproductive strategies may be shifting with changing climates.
Estimating historical disease burden and the impact of vaccination by influenza type and subtype in the United States, 2016-2020
Authors: Morris Sinead E. , Mathis Sarabeth M. , Chung Jessie R. , Flannery Brendan , O’Halloran Alissa , Cummings Charisse N. , Garg Shikha , Lu Peng-Jun , Santibanez Tammy A. , Reed Carrie , Biggerstaff Matthew , Iuliano A. Danielle 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSeasonal influenza causes substantial morbidity and mortality in the United States. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) uses a compartmental framework to estimate the annual disease burden and burden prevented by vaccination for all influenza types and subtypes combined. However, these estimates do not capture underlying shifts in disease burden caused by different circulating influenza virus types or subtypes. We demonstrate an extension of the current framework to estimate disease burden and burden prevented by vaccination for influenza A virus subtypes A(H1N1) and A(H3N2), and influenza type B viruses. We applied this method to data from the 2016/17 to 2019/20 seasons that include age- and virus-specific hospitalizations and vaccine effectiveness estimates, and age-specific vaccination coverage estimates. We estimated the number of symptomatic illnesses, medically-attended illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths caused by each virus, and the corresponding number prevented by vaccination. Disease burden and vaccine-prevented burden varied substantially by season, age, and virus type or subtype. The greatest disease burden was estimated in 2017/18, whereas 2019/20 had the greatest burden prevented by vaccination. Influenza A viruses contributed most to disease burden in all seasons. Vaccination against influenza B viruses prevented the largest percentage of hospitalizations among children and adults <65 years, whereas vaccination against A(H1N1) prevented the largest percentage of hospitalizations among adults ≥65 years. Overall, our results highlight complex variability in influenza disease burden by season, age, and virus type and subtype. These findings can be used to improve understanding of the factors impacting influenza disease burden each season and to enhance communications of the value of influenza vaccination.HighlightsEstimates of disease burden and vaccine-prevented burden inform influenza guidance.Contributions to burden from each virus type and subtype vary by season and age.A(H3N2) caused the greatest total disease burden from the 2016/17 to 2019/20 seasons.Children <18 years experienced greater influenza B burden compared with other ages.Vaccination against A(H1N1) and B prevented the greatest percentage of severe disease.
Using General Practice Patient Survey data to explore prevalence and patient uncertainty about Long Covid
Authors: Woodrow Mirembe , Ziauddeen Nida , Smith Dianna , Alwan Nisreen A 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe high global burden of Long Covid (LC) has significant implications for population wellbeing, healthcare, social care and national economies.AimTo explore associations between patient sociodemographic and health characteristics with two outcomes: reporting having LC and expressing uncertainty about having LC, as described by general practice (GP) survey respondents.Design and settingAnalysis of GP Patient Survey (England), a random sample of 759,149 patients aged 16yrs+ registered with a GP in England (2023).MethodMultivariable logistic regression modelling comparing those with and without LC, and those who were unsure in relation to patient characteristics.Results4.8% of respondents reported having LC, and 9.1% were unsure. Significant adjusted associations indicating higher risk of LC included age (highest odds 35-54yrs), sex (females), ethnicity (White Gypsy/Irish Traveller, mixed/multiple ethnic groups), sexual orientation (gay/lesbian or bisexual), living in a deprived area, being a carer or a parent and having a long-term condition (LTC). Those aged ≤25yrs, males, non-binary, heterosexual, not parents or carers, from other white, Indian, Bangladeshi, Chinese, Black or Arab backgrounds, former and current smokers, and with no defined LTC were more likely to be unsure about having LC compared to answering ‘yes’.ConclusionThere is an unequal distribution of LC in England, with the condition being more prevalent in minoritised and disadvantaged groups. There are also high levels of uncertainty about having LC. Improved awareness is needed amongst the general population and healthcare professionals to ensure those most vulnerable in society are identified and provided with care and support.
Population-based Normative Reference for Retinal Microvascular Atlas
Authors: Yusufu Mayinuer , Vingrys Algis J. , Shang Xianwen , Zhang Lei , Shi Danli , Congdon Nathan , He Mingguang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo establish the normative range of a comprehensive set of retinal vascular measurements to better understand their value as biomarkers for assessing ocular and systemic health.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data from the UK Biobank. Retina-based Microvascular Health Assessment System (RMHAS) software was used to extract retinal vascular measurements, including Calibre, Complexity, Density, Branching Angle, and Tortuosity, differentiating between arteries and veins, and between the macula and retinal periphery. In addition, we explored relationships between those measurements and health metrics, including age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, and intraocular pressure.ResultsAmong 10,151 healthy participants, we reported a normative range for 114 retinal vascular measurements, stratified by sex and age. The mean values of Central Retinal Artery Equivalent (CRAE) and Central Retinal Vein Equivalent (CRVE) were 152 (standard deviation=14.9) μm and 233 (21.5) μm respectively. The mean value of Fractal Dimension (FD) was 1.77 (0.032), with arterial FD 1.53 (0.039) and venular FD 1.56 (0.025). Age and SBP showed the strongest associations with most retinal parameters among health metrics. CRAE, CRVE, Density, and Complexity decreased with increasing age and SBP. Changes in arterial measurements with age and SBP were generally greater than for venous measurements. Generalized Additive Models further revealed that observed associations were mainly linear.ConclusionsBy establishing population normative data for a comprehensive set of retinal vascular measurements, our study enables quantifiable approaches to better understand retinal vascular changes.
Towards an extended classification of noise-distortion preferences by modeling longitudinal dynamics of listening choices
Authors: Angonese Giulia , Buhl Mareike , Gößwein Jonathan A. , Kollmeier Birger , Hildebrandt Andrea 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIndividuals have different preferences for setting hearing aid (HA) algorithms that reduce ambient noise but introduce signal distortions. “Noise haters” prefer greater noise reduction, even at the expense of signal quality. “Distortion haters” accept higher noise levels to avoid signal distortion. These preferences were assumed to be stable over time, and individuals were classified solely on the basis of these stable, trait scores. However, the question remains as to how stable individual listening preferences are and whether day-to-day state-related variability needs to be considered as a further criterion for classification. We designed a mobile task to measure noise-distortion preferences over two weeks in an ecological momentary assessment study withN= 185 (106 f,Mage= 63.1,SDage= 6.5) unaided individuals with subjective hearing difficulties. Latent State-Trait Autoregressive (LST-AR) modeling was used to evaluate stability and dynamics of individual listening preferences. The analysis revealed a significant amount of state-related variance. The model has been extended to a mixture LST-AR model for data-driven classification, taking into account trait and state components of listening preferences. In addition to successful identification of noise haters, distortion haters and a third intermediate class based on longitudinal, outside of the lab data, we further differentiated individuals with different degrees of variability in listening preferences. It follows that individualisation of HA fitting could be improved by assessing individual preferences along the noise-distortion trade-off, and the day-to-day variability of these preferences needs to be taken into account for some individuals more than others.