bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ação do laser Nd:YAG sobre selamento retroapical de cavidades preparadas com ultrassom ou broca e retro-obturadas com mta ou polímero da mamona
Authors: Carvalho Cláudio Antonio Talge , Figueiredo Mariana Diehl , Oliveira Luciane Dias de , Carvalho Alessandra Sverberi , Valera Márcia Carneiro 
Published: April 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar in vitro a ação do laser de Nd:YAG no selamento apical da dentina radicular preparada retroapicalmente com ultrassom ou broca convencional e retro-obturada com MTA ou polímero derivado do óleo da mamona. Foram utilizados 80 dentes humanos unirradiculados cujas coroas foram removidas e o terço radicular apical seccionado em 3 mm. As raízes foram divididas em 8 grupos (n=10): G1: preparo retroapical com ultrassom, aplicação do laser e retro-obturação com MTA; G2:preparo retroapical com ultrassom, aplicação do laser e retro-obturação com cimento à base do polímero damamona; G3: preparo retroapical com brocas diamantadas, aplicação do laser e retro-obturação com MTA; G4: preparo retroapical com brocas, aplicação do laser e retro-obturação com cimento de mamona; G5: preparo retroapical com ultrassom, retro-obturação com MTA, sem irradiação prévia pelo laser; G6: preparo retroapical com ultrassom, retro-obturação com cimento de mamona, sem irradiação prévia pelo laser; G7: preparo retroapical com o uso de brocas e retro-obturação com MTA, sem irradiação prévia pelo laser;G8: preparo retroapical com brocas e retro-obturação com cimento de mamona, sem irradiação prévia pelo laser. Os espécimes foram imersos em corante, clivados e levados à leitura da infiltração máxima para cada espécime. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância ANOVA e teste de Tukey (5%). Os menores valores de infiltração foram verificados nos grupos G2, G4, G5, G6 e G8, com diferença significante em relação aos grupos G1, G3 e G7 (p<0,05), que apresentaram maiores valores de infiltração. Pôde-se concluir que o uso do laser só apresentou bons resultados quando associado ao polímero da mamona. O melhormaterial retro-obturador foi o polímero da mamona, em todos os grupos (preparo retroapical com broca ou ultrassom, com ou sem laser). O MTA só apresentou bons resultados quando associado ao ultrassom e sem irradiação pelo laser.
Influência da fundição de coifas plásticas e usinadas sobre a microdeformação ao redor de implantes de hexágono externo em posicionamento compensado (offset)
Authors: Nishioka Renato Sussumu , Santos Vivan Mayumi Miyazaki , Nishioka Gabriela Nogueira de Melo , Balducci Ivan , Andreatta Filho Osvaldo Daniel 
Published: April 2017

Este estudo in vitro analisou por meio da extensometria, as micro deformações que ocorreram ao redor de implantes de hexágono externo inseridos no posicionamento compensado (offset) ao variar o tipo de coifa, plástica e usinada. No bloco de poliuretano três implantes de hexágono externo foram inseridos no posicionamento compensado. Pilares Microunit foram concectados aos implantes com torque de 20Ncm. Coifas plásticas (n=5) e usinadas (n=5) receberam enceramentos padronizados e foram fundidos em monobloco em liga de cobalto-cromo. Tangenciando os implantes foram colado os extensômetros,, sendo dois para o central. As estruturas metálicas foram fixadas aos pilares protéticos com parafusos de retenção com torque de 10Ncm, quando foram registradas as micro deformações em cada extensômetro. Os valores médios obtidos dos extensômetros para as coifas plásticas foram de 591, 01+/- 148,08 e para as usinadas 409,04 +/- 65,83. Este foram avaliados pelo teste t-Student, que demonstrou não haver diferen;ca estatística significante ao variar o tipo de coifa (p=0.054). Concluiu- se que, para implantes de hexágono externo no posicionamento compensado, o tipo de coifa não influenciou na quantidade de micro deformação gerada após o aperto dos parafusos de retenção da prótese.
Contrapuntos en torno al concepto, metodología y enseñanza de la economía: notas críticas para comprender la construcción y transmisión del conocimiento en las ciencias económicas
Authors: Enríquez Pérez Isaac 
Published: April 2017

Sin ánimo de desacreditar o demeritar los esfuerzos realizados en la construcción de la teoría económica, el presente artículo tiene como finalidad desestabilizar la noción del concepto convencional de la economía como ciencia y (de)construirlo hasta trascender a la escasez como objeto de estudio de la misma; así como desentrañar los rasgos y el sentido de la metodología orientada a la construcción del pensamiento científico en las ciencias económicas, con especial énfasis en la epistemología neo/positivista predominante y los paradigmas alternativos al interior de la disciplina. Para cumplir con este propósito es importante recurrir a la historia del pensamiento económico y comprender su accidentada evolución conceptual y epistemológica; al tiempo que se reconoce que la economía no es una ciencia homogénea, aunque sí signada por el predominio de un peculiar enfoque que no solo incide en la academia, sino que también extiende su influencia al diseño de las políticas públicas. En suma, este análisis crítico es una invitación al diálogo entre las ciencias económicas y las ciencias políticas, así como al ejercicio de la interdisciplinariedad en la investigación y la docencia.
La economía mundial amesetada: algunas reflexiones a ocho años de la última crisis financiera global
Authors: Buchieri Flavio Ernesto 
Published: April 2017

La economía mundial aún no se recupera totalmente luego de la ocurrencia de la pasada Crisis Financiera en 2008, que comenzó en Estados Unidos, se acentuó en la Euro Zona y se extendió por todo el planeta. Si a estos aspectos se le suman las tensiones económicas y geopolíticas que surgen de un mundo multipolar, las perspectivas a corto plazo no serán las esperables a partir del análisis histórico de las series contempladas. Analizar la dinámica de estos aspectos constituye el objetivo central de este artículo.
Análisis de neuroeconomía como nuevo paradigma en la ciencia económica
Authors: Arias Denise Elisabet 
Published: April 2017

La neuroeconomía es una reciente disciplina que estudia lo que sucede en el cerebro humano durante la toma de decisiones, y la relación entre las emociones y la conducta de los agentes económicos. Como su nombre lo indica, surge de la conjunción entre neurociencias y economía. En los últimos años el avance vertiginoso de las neurociencias permitió la realización de numerosas investigaciones en esta área, haciendo posibles nuevos enfoques en los análisis económicos.En el año 2002 se otorgó el Premio Nobel de Economía al psicólogo israelí Daniel Kahneman, quien en su estudio reveló que se cometen errores a la hora de tomar decisiones económicas. Fue pionero en integrar descubrimientos de psicología en las ciencias económicas y demostró que el supuesto clásico de la decisión racional del consumidor es afectado por importantes sesgos cognitivos.Se cuestiona la teoría económica clásica desde Adam Smith que se basa en que los miembros de la sociedad son siempre racionales, definidos como «homo economicus» que buscan maximizar las utilidades, analizando objetivamente los costos y beneficios. En el presente trabajo se hace una revisión de los aportes clásicos de la economía y de cómo el conocimiento detallado del cerebro humano y sus funciones logró que las neurociencias puedan aplicar esos nuevos saberes en su campo, teniendo en cuenta que los aspectos emocionales y racionales del comportamiento son derivados del mismo cerebro.
Monotonicity and Symmetry of Nonnegative Solutions to -Δ u=f(u) in Half-Planes and Strips
Authors: Farina Alberto , Sciunzi Berardino 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We consider nonnegative solutions to

-

Δ
⁢
u

=

f
⁢

(
u
)

${-\Delta u=f(u)}$

in half-planes and strips, under zero Dirichlet boundary condition. Exploiting a rotating and sliding line technique, we prove symmetry and monotonicity properties of the solutions, under very general assumptions on the nonlinearity f. In fact, we provide a unified approach that works in all cases:

f
⁢

(
0
)

<
0

${f(0)<0}$

,

f
⁢

(
0
)

=
0

${f(0)=0}$

or

f
⁢

(
0
)

>
0

${f(0)>0}$

.Furthermore, we make the effort to deal with nonlinearities f that may be not locally-Lipschitz continuous.We also provide explicit examples showing the sharpness of our assumptions on the nonlinear function f.
Experimental Characterisation and Finite-element Simulations of a Thermoelectric Generator with Ceramic p-type Ca3Co4O9 and Metallic n-type Cu0.57Ni0.42Mn0.01 Legs
Authors: Geppert B. , Groeneveld D. , Bittner M. , Feldhoff A. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
This study presents the characterisation of a prototype thermoelectric generator including ceramic

C

a

3

C

o

4

O

9

${\rm{C}}{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{o}}_{\rm{4}}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{9}}}$

p-type and metallic

C

u

0

.
57

N

i

0

.
42

M

n

0

.
01

${\rm{C}}{{\rm{u}}_{{\rm{0}}{\rm{. 57}}}}{\rm{N}}{{\rm{i}}_{{\rm{0}}{\rm{. 42}}}}{\rm{M}}{{\rm{n}}_{{\rm{0}}{\rm{. 01}}}}$

n-type legs. The generator was constructed applying the conventional rigid chessboard design, which provides an electrical series connection of the thermoelectrically active materials in between of two electrical isolating cover plates made of alumina. Ag-epoxy resin was used for electric connectors which were directly bond to the thermoelectrically active materials. The generator was rebuild in the framework of a finite-element model to simulate the generator’s transport characteristics using the physical data of the single materials as input parameters for the simulation tool. The simulation results give a view to the distributions of temperature and electric potential as well as vector plots showing the generated current density of charge inside the regarded materials. The finite-element simulation tool was used to consider the electrical contact resistivities between the thermoelectric legs and the connector material. The input parameter for the specific isothermal electric resistivity of the Ag-epoxy connectors were varied by including the electrical contact resistances to match the simulated to the measured data in order to receive the correct electric current densities in the modeled device.
Decarburization and Inclusion Removal Process in Single Snorkel Vacuum Degasser
Authors: Dian-Qiao Geng , Lei Hong , He Ji-Cheng 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In the current work, the coupled mathematical models for decarburization, fluid flow model and inclusion collision-aggregation model were solved to investigate the spatial distribution of carbon, inclusion’s collision-aggregation and removal in a single snorkel vacuum refining furnace (SSF). The numerical results show that the turbulence kinetic energy of ladle in SSF is much greater than that in RH, which can shrink the dead zone and prompt the mixing in the ladle. The overall decarburization reaction rate can be described as a first-order reaction. On the condition of the same gas flow rate, the volumetric mass transfer coefficient for decarburization in SSF is almost twenty times bigger than that in RH, which leads to a much greater decarburization rate in SSF. The spatial distribution of carbon mass fraction in SSF is quite different from that in RH. There is the greater mass fraction of carbon at the recirculation zone under up-snorkel in RH, but this phenomenon disappears in SSF. The inclusion removal can be simplified as the mass transfer between liquid steel to slag, refractory wall and bubble surface. And the overall inclusion removal rate can be regarded as a first-order reaction. The volumetric mass transfer coefficient for inclusion removal in SSF is about three times as that in RH, the inclusion removal rate in SSF is greater than that in RH. The inclusions with different size have different removal rates in SSF. For inclusion flotation after deoxidization, the treatment time in SSF is less than that in RH.
Effects of Rare Earth Lanthanum on the Solidification Structure and Hot Ductility of Fe-43Ni Expansion Alloy
Authors: Yu Y. C , Zhang S. H , Li H , Wang S. B 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Effects of lanthanum content on the solidification structure and the hot ductility of Fe-43Ni expansion alloy were investigated, the corresponding mechanisms were also discussed. The results showed that the macrostructures of the alloys were first significantly refined with increasing lanthanum content in the range of 0~0.025 % and then became coarse again with lanthanum content up to 0.04 %. La2O2S inclusions can serve as the effective inclusions sites promoting the refinement of the macrostructures. The changes of the macrostructures were influenced by the quantity density and the size distribution of La2O2S inclusions. The addition of 0.01–0.025 % lanthanum can improve the hot ductility over the whole testing temperature range, especially at 1000–1050 °C. The improvement of the hot ductility was mainly associated with the grain boundary strengthening and the acceleration of dynamic recrystallization by adding lanthanum. With addition of 0.04 % lanthanum, the hot ductility of the alloy became deteriorated, which was owed to the presence of brittle Fe-Ni-La intermetallic compounds.
Effect of Prior Thermomechanical Treatment on Annealed Microstructure and Microhardness in Cobalt-Based Superalloy Co-20Cr-15W-10Ni
Authors: Kumar V. Anil , Gupta R. K , Kumar Vinod , Venkitakrishnan P. V 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMicrostructure evolution in Co-20Cr-15W-10Ni alloy with hot deformation and subsequent annealing has been studied using hot isothermal compression at different temperatures and strain rates followed by annealing at 1,423 K for 1 h. In the as-deformed condition, optical microstructure reveals deformation bands in specimens deformed at low temperature (1,323 K) and high strain rate (10 s–1). In deformation beyond 1,423 K, very fine recrystallized grains are observed at all the strain rates, which is seen to be fully developed at 1,473 K onwards especially at lower strain rates (0.1 and 0.01 s–1). EBSD maps reveal recrystallized grains and presence of deformation twins. Grain growth is observed at strain rate lower than 0.1 s–1 and temperature more than 1,473 K. After annealing of deformed samples, fully recrystallized grains and annealing twins have been observed. Samples subjected to prior deformation at higher strain rates showed mixed grains with small banding of recrystallized structure, whereas more uniform recrystallized microstructure is observed at slow strain rates. Microhardness decreases with increase in deformation temperature. However, annealed hardness is found to be increasing marginally with decreasing prior deformation temperature (especially for slower strain rates), attributing to relatively uniform and fine microstructure after annealing.
The Effects of Beef, Chicken, or Whey Protein After Workout on Body Composition and Muscle Performance
Authors: Sharp Matthew H. , Lowery Ryan P. , Shields Kevin A. , Lane Jason R. , Gray Jocelyn L. , Partl Jeremy M. , Hayes Daniel W. , Wilson Gabriel J. , Hollmer Chase A. , Minivich Julie R. , Wilson Jacob M. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Sharp, MH, Lowery, RP, Shields, KA, Lane, JR, Gray, JL, Partl, JM, Hayes, DW, Wilson, GJ, Hollmer, CA, Minivich, JR, and Wilson, JM. The effects of beef, chicken, or whey protein after workout on body composition and muscle performance. J Strength Cond Res 32(8): 2233–2242, 2018—The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of postworkout consumption of beef protein isolate (Beef), hydrolyzed chicken protein (Chx), or whey protein concentrate (WPC), compared with a control on body composition and muscle performance during 8 weeks of resistance training. Forty-one men and women were randomized into 4 groups: WPC (m = 5, f = 5; age [years] = 19 ± 2, height [cm] = 171 ± 10, mass [kg] = 74.60 ± 14.19), Beef (m = 5, f = 5; age [years] = 22 ± 4, height [cm] = 170 ± 7, mass [kg] = 70.13 ± 8.16), Chx (m = 5, f = 6; Age [years] = 21 ± 2, height [cm] = 169 ± 9, mass [kg] = 74.52 ± 13.83), and Maltodextrin (control) (m = 4, f = 6; age [years] = 21 ± 2, height [cm] = 170 ± 9, mass [kg] = 73.18 ± 10.96). Subjects partook in an 8-week periodized resistance training program. Forty-six grams of protein or a control were consumed immediately after training or at similar times on off-days. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to determine changes in body composition. Maximum strength was assessed by 1 repetition maximum for bench press (upper body) and deadlift (lower body). Power output was measured using cycle ergometer. Whey protein concentrate (52.48 ± 11.15 to 54.96 ± 11.85 kg), Beef (51.68 ± 7.61 to 54.65 ± 8.67 kg), and Chx (52.97 ± 12.12 to 54.89 ± 13.43 kg) each led to a significant increase in lean body mass compared with baseline (p < 0.0001), whereas the control condition did not (53.14 ± 11.35 to 54.19 ± 10.74 kg). Fat loss was also significantly decreased at 8 weeks compared to baseline for all protein sources (p < 0.0001; WPC: 18.70 ± 7.38 to 17.16 ± 7.18 kg; Beef: 16.43 ± 5.71 to 14.65 ± 5.41 kg; Chx: 17.58 ± 5.57 to 15.87 ± 6.07 kg), but not the control condition (16.29 ± 7.14 to 14.95 ± 7.72 kg). One repetition maximum for both deadlift and bench press was significantly increased for all treatment groups when compared with baseline. No differences in strength were noted between conditions. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate that consuming quality sources of protein from meat or WPC lead to significant benefits in body composition compared with control.
Experimental and Numerical Investigations of Behavior of Rammed Aggregate Piers
Authors: Demir S. , Özener P. , Kirkit M. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
This study presents the results from a series of laboratory tests carried out on rammed aggregate piers (RAPs) installed in different clayey sand beds formed in a large scale model test tank. The clayey sand beds were prepared by mixing 60 % sand, 40 % clay at a water content of 1.5 times the liquid limit of the clayey sand. The slurry mixtures were allowed to consolidate one-dimensionally until they reach different undrained strength values (cu = 2.5, 3, and 10 kPa). The diameter and length of RAPs were in the order of 10 cm and 60 cm, respectively for all the model tests carried out. The rammed aggregate piers were subjected to vertical loading at the top through a loading plate which was displaced by jacking of the installation system. Soil pressure cells were installed at different depths of the clayey sand bed to evaluate stress changes in them. Behavior of the single and group rammed aggregate pier and the surrounding soil were investigated by evaluating the measurements obtained from load tests and pressure cells. As a result of the laboratory tests, noteworthy results were obtained regarding the working mechanism of the RAPs in soils having different soil strengths, stress increases in the surrounding soil, and load sharing between the RAPs and the surrounding soil. A model test was also analyzed numerically and the results of laboratory measurements were compared with the numerical simulations. The results of the numerical analysis yielded reasonably close agreement with the experimental result.
Plastic Limit and Other Consistency Parameters by a Bending Method and Interpretation of Plasticity Classification in Soils
Authors: Moreno-Maroto J. M. , Alonso-Azcárate J. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Although plastic limit, PL, is one of the parameters more widely used in the field of geotechnical engineering, the existing method for its determination (the thread-rolling test) is characterized by its low accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility. These shortcomings have led to a great deal of criticisms, and in fact, several authors have tried to develop alternative methods to obtain the PL in soils. Despite that, the standardized thread-rolling method remains strong because of its simplicity, low cost, and quick performance. In previous studies, an alternative method, which was based on bending soil threads of 3 mm in diameter and 52 mm long until they start to crack, was presented by the authors. The relationship between the water content and the measured bending deformations allows the PL to be calculated with an equation. Apart from this, experienced laboratory operator. The Casagrande chart has been interpreted according to the PL, BL, and SSL in order to uncover more information about this system for soil classification, and after detecting some incongruities, a new proposal is presented.
Groundwater Effect Factors for the Load-Carrying Behavior of Footings From Hydraulic Chamber Load Tests
Authors: Park D. , Kim I. , Kim G. , Lee J. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The presence of groundwater level (GWL) causes changes in stiffness and strength of soil, affecting the bearing capacity and settlement of shallow foundations. In the present study, the load-carrying capacity and settlement of footings in sands under various GWL conditions were investigated. For this purpose, a series of model footing load tests and cone penetration tests (CPTs) were conducted using the hydraulically controlled chamber system. Different GWL and soil conditions were considered in the tests. The load-carrying capacity of footings became lower with increasing GWL, which was most significant within the depth of GWL (dw) equal to footing width (1.0B). Larger reductions in the bearing capacity with GWL were observed for looser soils with lower relative density. Based on the test results, design equations and correlation parameters for the GWL effects on the bearing capacity and settlement were proposed as a function of GWL, applied load, and relative density. It was confirmed that the existing CPT-based correlations to footing bearing capacity are valid and applicable for soils with GWL.
Demand Response in Flow Shop With Job Due Dates Using Genetic Algorithm Approach
Authors: Nayak A. , Fang K. , Lee S. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Demand side management (DSM) has shown great potential in reducing the operating cost for energy intensive manufacturing industries. In this paper, we considered a permutation flow shop with process flexibility enabling the jobs to be processed at different speeds with a trade-off between the processing time and the power consumption. We formulated a multi-objective scheduling problem with two objectives: minimizing total earliness/tardiness cost and minimizing total energy consumption. We used an improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm and tested its performance with different randomly generated instances. We also investigated a mathematical programming approach for comparative analysis. The computational experiments confirmed that our proposed genetic algorithm approach was scalable and performed well in obtaining near-optimal solutions in a reasonable time.