bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State Design and Use of Medicaid 1915(c) Waivers and Related Benefits to Provide Services to Children and Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Miller Nancy A. , Merryman M. Beth , Eskow Karen Goldrich , Chasson Gregory S. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Medicaid is the most significant source of funding for medical services for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We surveyed state Medicaid directors or their designees regarding their use of autism specific 1915(c) waivers and other Medicaid benefits to provide services to children and youth with ASD, with a response rate of 84%. Ten states used autism-specific waivers to provide services. These waivers varied in the number of children served, eligibility criteria and services provided, among other characteristics. Issues related to the number of children to serve and the specific services to provide were perceived to be the most difficult waiver design issues, while provider geographic distribution, capacity and expertise were perceived to be the most difficult implementation concerns. States used a variety of additional Medicaid state plan services (e.g., the optional rehabilitation benefit) and 1915(c) waivers (e.g., a more general waiver serving individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities) to provide services to children and youth with ASD. Thus, continuing to examine the adequacy and effectiveness of state use of a range of Medicaid benefits, including autism-specific 1915(c) waivers is critical. Expanding the evidence base for intervention effectiveness is important as well.
Aplikasi Android pada Sistem Informasi Kalender Tanam Terpadu
Authors: Ramadhani Fadhlullah , Syahbuddin Haris , Runtunuwu Eleonora 
Published: July 2016

Kemajuan teknologi informasi dewasa ini sangat pesat. Mulai dengan penggunaan telepon selular yang hanya digunakan untuk mengirimkan pesan singkat atau berkomunikasi biasa sampai dengan telepon pintar (smart phone).Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian dalam usaha penyebaran informasi pertanian, berusaha menggunakan teknologi informasi tersebut semaksimal mungkin. Salah satu contoh adalah penyebaran informasi kalender tanam terpadu, yang bukan hanya berbasis website saja, tetapi juga berbasis SMS dan Android. Makalah ini bertujuan ntuk memaparkan pengembangan aplikasi yang dapat digunakan untuk diseminasi informasi tanam terpadu menggunakan aplikasi mobile berbasis Android. Materi yang digunakan dalam penyusunan aplikasi ini tentunya terkait dengankalender tanam, yaitu standing crop yang diekstrak dari citra satelit MODIS, data hasil monitoring CCTV, estimasi waktu dan luas tanam, status tingkat kerawanan banjir dan kekeringan tingkat kabupaten, status organisme pengganggu tanaman, rekomendasi varietas dan prakiraan kebutuhan benih, rekomendasi dan kebutuhan pupuk, dan mekanisasi pertanian. Metode yang digunakan secara umum adalah pendekatan pengembangan sistem berbasis Android. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah tersedianya dan terpakainya aplikasi Android pada sistem informasi katam terpadu. Pada intinya pengguna dapat menggunakan smartphone untuk mendapatkan informasi terkini mengenai kalender tanam pertanian secara cepat. Cepatnya mendapatkan informasi pertanian diharapkan membantu petani dan masyarakat pertanian melakukan budidaya pertanian secara lebih akurat agar terhindar dari kegagalan.
desigualdad de ingreso y salud en Colombia
Authors: Rodríguez Acosta Sandra 
Published: July 2016

Este trabajo plantea dos propósitos, el primero verificar si las condiciones económicas contextuales influyen en la salud autopercibida, independiente del estatus socioeconómico del individuo. Y segundo, explorar los mecanismos que operarían en el nivel de las regiones y que podrían explicar la influencia de las condiciones económicas estructurales, sobre la percepción de una salud pobre. Para esto se utiliza una metodología de análisis multinivel que permite separar los factores individuales y contextuales que influyen sobre la percepción de salud. Entre los resultados, se muestra que el estatus socioeconómico es un determinante fundamental de la percepción de salud de la población. No obstante, permanecen diferencias significativas en la salud percibida, aun después de controlar por la riqueza individual, el nivel educativo y la pertenencia étnica. Estas solo desaparecen cuando se tiene en cuenta la desigualdad de ingreso.
Relato de experiência do Pibid Interdisciplinar História, Geografia e Letras: olhares em convergência, vivências e aprendizados na educação básica
Authors: Lima Ferreira Carlos Augusto , Silva Santa Rosa Macêdo Leonardo , Nogueira Aragão Lusanira , Queiroz Pinheiro Sandra Cristina 
Published: July 2016

O artigo apresenta um relato da experiência interdisciplinar vivenciada em duas escolas públicas do município de Feira de Santana, Bahia, desenvolvido pela Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS). Essas escolas são o lócus de atuação dos professores supervisores, espaço em que os bolsistas licenciandos tiveram o contato com a realidade escolar. O papel do supervisor do Pibid Interdisciplinar da UEFS é mediar o trabalho dos bolsistas de Iniciação a Docência, professores e alunos das escolas básicas, favorecendo o permanente diálogo e a troca de conhecimentos que contribuirão para um processo de ensino e aprendizagem significativo e contextualizado. As atividades desenvolvidas no Pibid Interdisciplinar permitiram que professores e alunos aperfeiçoassem, construíssem e reconstruíssem a leitura e reflexão dos diversos gêneros textuais promovendo neles a capacidade de argumentar, de posicionar-se criticamente sobre o que acontece no seu entorno e ao redor do mundo, contribuindo para a renovação do processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
Influences of the Edge Area Preparation Suitable for EBSD of Ferrous Materials of Different Degrees of Hardness
Authors: Rochlus K. , Slawik S. , Mücklich F. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) is a sensitive method to analyze samples with regard to their surface deformation condition. Hence, a possibly planar cross section without edge rounding as well as a best possible sample preparation are essential for the examination of edge areas up to the edge. Both objectives are quite contrary to each other, so that a comprehensive examination is important. Using Differential Interference Contrast (DIC) and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) and taking the example of soft pure iron, it was examined how different grinding media as well as mounting resins affect the cross section. The preparation quality was quantified by means of the EBSD Image Quality (IQ). The findings obtained were applied to the preparation of harder, technologically more relevant ferrous materials. It could be evidenced that the preparation using epoxy resin in combination with hardness regulator is a feasible method which meets both requirements.
Phase Characterization of a Biocompatible Co-Cr-W Alloy Via Correlative Microscopy
Authors: Weißensteiner I. , Voigt P. , Maier-Kiener V. , Clemens H. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In this study, a Co-24Cr-8W–3Mo alloy (weight-%) is examined as cast and after hot isostatic pressing in a scanning electron microscope to identify the occurring phases through electron backscatter diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Tint etching and heat tinting were used to make the phases distinguishable even in the light microscope and thus be able to quantitatively evaluate the phase fractions without electron microscopy. The impact of hot isostatic pressing was examined in terms of phase fractions, the single phases' chemical composition and macroscopic hardness.
Wafering of ultra‐thin silicon substrates by MeV hydrogen implantation: effects of fluence and energy
Authors: Kuisseu Pauline Sylvia Pokam , Pingault Timothée , Ntsoenzok Esidor , Regula Gabrielle , Mazen Frédéric , Sauldubois Audrey , Andreazza Caroline 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we report on implantation parameters allowing the delamination of large surface of ultra‐thin silicon substrates by using MeV hydrogen implantation. We particularly focus on the effects of both hydrogen fluence and implantation energy, on the size of the largest delaminated surface in one piece. We demonstrate that thin silicon substrates with thicknesses between 30 µm and 70 µm can be extracted from silicon commercial wafers. In this study, the used‐material, the implantation energy and the hydrogen fluence ranges are (100) Si, 1.5 MeV‐2.5 MeV, 1×1017cm–2‐2×1017cm–2, respectively. We find that, by increasing hydrogen fluence, the maximum achievable surface of delaminated substrates in one piece can be doubled. Indeed, by XTEM, we observed that fracture precursor defects are mostly oriented along {111} in the case of the lowest fluence, which are unfavorable for a good surface‐parallel crack propagation. For the highest fluence, precursors are oriented along {100} which are parallel to the substrate surface, therefore they allow propagation over longer distances of cracks parallel to the substrate surface. We also find that, despite of the raise of the proportion of precursors oriented along {111}, the total surface of delaminated substrates significantly increases with the implantation energy. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Disrupted salience network functional connectivity and white-matter microstructure in persons at risk for psychosis: findings from the LYRIKS study
Authors: Wang C. , Ji F. , Hong Z. , Poh J. S. , Krishnan R. , Lee J. , Rekhi G. , Keefe R. S. E. , Adcock R. A. , Wood S. J. , Fornito A. , Pasternak O. , Chee M. W. L. , Zhou J. 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundSalience network (SN) dysconnectivity has been hypothesized to contribute to schizophrenia. Nevertheless, little is known about the functional and structural dysconnectivity of SN in subjects at risk for psychosis. We hypothesized that SN functional and structural connectivity would be disrupted in subjects with At-Risk Mental State (ARMS) and would be associated with symptom severity and disease progression.MethodWe examined 87 ARMS and 37 healthy participants using both resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging. Group differences in SN functional and structural connectivity were examined using a seed-based approach and tract-based spatial statistics. Subject-level functional connectivity measures and diffusion indices of disrupted regions were correlated with CAARMS scores and compared between ARMS with and without transition to psychosis.ResultsARMS subjects exhibited reduced functional connectivity between the left ventral anterior insula and other SN regions. Reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) and axial diffusivity were also found along white-matter tracts in close proximity to regions of disrupted functional connectivity, including frontal-striatal-thalamic circuits and the cingulum. FA measures extracted from these disrupted white-matter regions correlated with individual symptom severity in the ARMS group. Furthermore, functional connectivity between the bilateral insula and FA at the forceps minor were further reduced in subjects who transitioned to psychosis after 2 years.ConclusionsOur findings support the insular dysconnectivity of the proximal SN hypothesis in the early stages of psychosis. Further developed, the combined structural and functional SN assays may inform the prognosis of persons at-risk for psychosis.
Hegel's Aesthetics: New Perspectives on its Response to Kant and Romanticism
Authors: Ameriks Karl 
Published: July 2016

Above all else, Hegel can be said to be the master of context, the philosopher who insisted that properly understanding anything involves putting it in its full context, reconstructing its development and its relation to all that is around it. From the beginning of his career, Hegel did not hesitate to put into its place the work of his fellow philosophers; his analysis, critique, and supersession of them occurred all at once, and culminated when he located them within his Phenomenology of Spirit and the final system of his Encyclopedia. Long after Hegel's own era, and even after the sharp decline in the appeal of his specific system and of ambitious systematic philosophy in general, a looser form of Hegel's contextual approach remains very popular, and with good reason. Without giving in entirely to this approach, it is hard to resist the temptation to turn the tables on Hegel himself a bit. Hence, in casting a philosophical glance at the specific phenomenon of Hegel's own aesthetics, in an attempt to begin to evaluate just a few of its most distinctive characteristics (in part 2), I will proceed by first offering a sketch of how I believe his philosophy as a whole should be situated in the context of its own age and the development of German philosophy in general (in part 1).Of course, my own interpretive perspective has its own context, external and internal. The external context is furnished by two other accounts providing slants on Hegel's aesthetics, slants that I believe are very understandable but in the end inadequate. The first of these slants is given by what I will call the “standard account,” which buys into most of Hegel's own characterization of his aesthetics (like his philosophy in general) as largely a welcome “objective” corrective to the supposedly “subjective” approach of Kant and the allegedly even more radically “subjectivistic” and arbitrary approach of the German Romantics. The second slant is to be found in Jean-Marie Schaeffer's recent book, Art of the Modern Age: Philosophy of Art from Kant to Heidegger. Schaeffer accepts much of the standard account, but he goes on to argue in an original way that the main aesthetic tradition of Germany — after Kant, from the early Romantics to Hegel and others until Heidegger — shares a large set of influential and highly questionable “speculative” presumptions, and that the sharing of this speculative approach is far more significant — and unfortunate — than whatever incidental differences can be found between various figures within this tradition.
Review Of Disaster Definitions
Authors: Al-Madhari A. F. , Keller A. Z. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractResearchers need accurate, explicit definitions of terms in order to discuss, search for or indentify the consequences of any particular phenomenon. The term “disaster” is no exception. The many definitions used for definition of disaster are outlined in general and by the discipline using them in this paper. Although the definitions used still seem somewhat specific to the discipline, there is one common element accepted by all: a disaster is seen to occur at a well-defined and easily identified time.It is not feasible to formulate a universally acceptable definition of disaster that will satisfy all practitioners, but common and agreed upon definitions must be formulated in the various fields and areas concerned with disasters, and where there exist recognizable, common sets of objectives.
Bacterial vaginosis: a critical analysis of current knowledge
Authors: Nasioudis D , Linhares IM , Ledger WJ , Witkin SS 
Published: July 2016

Bacterial vaginosis (BV), the change from a Lactobacillus‐dominant vaginal microbiota to an anaerobic and facultative bacterial dominance, is associated with pathological sequelae. In many BV‐positive women their microbiota is in fact normal and unrelated to pathology. Whether or not the dominance of BV‐associated bacteria persists depends upon interactions between host and bacterial factors. Inconsistencies in diagnosis and erroneous associations with pathology may be due to a failure to differentiate between sub‐populations of women. It is only in those women with a BV diagnosis in which the identified bacteria are atypical and persist that BV may be a clinical problem requiring intervention.Tweetable abstractImproved diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis is needed to accurately determine its role in pathology.
Technical efficiency, herd size, and exit intentions in U.S. dairy farms
Authors: Dong Fengxia , Hennessy David A. , Jensen Helen H. , Volpe Richard J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe U.S. dairy industry has seen major restructuring in recent decades. A sharp decline in the number of U.S. dairy farms and an increase in average herd sizes have accompanied exits, which have been concentrated among smaller herds. Given that more productive farms are better positioned to increase operation size and to continue operation, we hypothesize that the more technically efficient farms are better able to expand and also have stronger incentives to continue production. Using data from the USDA's 2010 ARMS Phase III, Dairy Production Practices and Costs and Returns Report, we estimate technical efficiency using stochastic production frontier analysis with endogenous inputs. The efficiency estimate is then incorporated into the analysis of exit intention and herd size. The results confirm our hypotheses that smaller and less efficient farms are more likely to exit and that more efficient dairy farms tend to expand herd size. Moreover, farms without successors but with older and more educated operators are more likely to exit.
Thermoplastic Starch: A Possible Biodegradable Food Packaging Material—A Review
Authors: Khan Bahram , Bilal Khan Niazi Muhammad , Samin Ghufrana , Jahan Zaib 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn the past years, research has been focused on biodegradable materials to replace petroleum based plastics for food packaging application. For this purpose, biopolymers are considered the most promising material because of their biodegradable nature and long shelf life properties like resistance to chemical or enzymatic reactions. Starch is renewable, cheap, and abundantly available biopolymer. However, the intermolecular forces and hydrogen bonds in starch resist it to be processed as a thermoplastic material. To overcome this issue, different plasticizers are used to have deformable thermoplastic material called thermoplastic starches (TPSs). A plasticizer enhances the flexibility, the process stability of starch below the degradation temperature. Plasticizer lowers the glass transition temperature (Tg).TPS is very promising among the biobased materials available for the production of biodegradable plastic. TPS have some limitations; bad mechanical properties and water sensitivity. Starch absorbs water under higher relative humidity. This work will provide an outline about the research that has been done on TPS during last 15 years as biodegradable food packaging material.Practical ApplicationsThe basic role of food packaging material is to make it cost effective that satisfies industry requirements and consumer desires, and provide protection from three major classes of external influences: chemical, biological, and physical, e.g., such as exposure to gases, barrier to microorganisms, or from mechanical damage, respectively. These external influences may damage the quality of the food and shelf life. For this motive, starch has become the most preferred option among the verified classes of synthetic and natural materials. Retrogradation of starch chains in presence of water make it impossible to be use as packaging material. To overcome this issue, Starch has been plasticized with water and low molecular weight additive that can interact with its backbone by hydrogen bonding to produce thermoplastic starch (TPS). The objective of this review is to summarize numerous studies related to interaction of plasticizers and starch for the production of biodegradable TPS food packaging materials.
Circumtropical distribution of the epiphytic dinoflagellate Coolia malayensis (Dinophyceae): Morphology and molecular phylogeny from Puerto Rico and Brazil
Authors: Gómez Fernando , Qiu Dajun , Otero‐Morales Ernesto , Lopes Rubens M , Lin Senjie 
Published: July 2016

SUMMARYThe dinoflagellate genus Coolia, which contains potentially toxic species, is an important component of epiphytic assemblages in marine ecosystems. The morphology of C. malayensis has been illustrated from strains isolated in Asia and Oceania. In this study, strains of C. malayensis isolated from the Caribbean Sea in Puerto Rico, and for the first time from the South Atlantic Ocean in Brazil, were investigated by light, epifluorescence and scanning electron microscopies. No significant morphological differences between these new strains and other geographically distant strains of C. malayensis were observed. In the LSU rDNA phylogeny, the C. malayensis sequences from Brazil and Puerto Rico branched within the clade of strains from Oceania and Asia. The recently described species C. santacroce branched as a sister group of C. monotis, and C. palmyrensis was basal to the combined group of C. monotis/C. malayensis/C. santacroce. A tentative undescribed species from Florida and New Zealand branched as a sister group of C. malayensis. Our results confirm that C. malayensis showed a cosmopolitan distribution in tropical to subtropical waters, while the type species C. monotis remains endemic for the Mediterranean Sea and the temperate North Atlantic.
Impact of donor ABH‐secretor status in ABO‐mismatched living donor kidney transplantation
Authors: Drexler Beatrice , Holbro Andreas , Sigle Joerg , Gassner Christoph , Frey Beat M. , Schaub Stefan , Amico Patrizia , Plattner Alexandra , Infanti Laura , Menter Thomas , Mihatsch Michael Jörg , Stern Martin , Buser Andreas , Dickenmann Michael 
Published: July 2016

BACKGROUNDThe ABO blood group is a major determinant in living donor kidney transplantation since AB antigens are expressed on renal tissue. Little attention has been directed to the ABH‐secretor status of the donor kidney. As renal tissue is capable of secreting soluble ABH antigens in secretors, we examined the influence of the ABH‐secretor status of kidney donors on outcome in ABO‐mismatched living donor kidney transplantation.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed all patients who underwent ABO‐mismatched kidney transplantation at the University Hospital Basel from September 2005 to October 2013. The ABH‐secretor status was determined in all donors by molecular genetic analysis.RESULTSOf all 55 patients who received transplants, we excluded all patients with donor‐specific antibodies (n = 4). Forty‐one donors were secretors (78%) and 11 were nonsecretors (22%). Recipients of ABH‐secretor donor organs showed a significantly higher glomerular filtration rate throughout the first 6 months posttransplant, whereas no significant influence on posttransplant anti‐A/B titers was found. Regression analysis revealed a significant impact on humoral rejection, whereas not on vascular or interstitial rejection in protocol kidney biopsies.CONCLUSIONThe donor ABH‐secretor status may have an influence on early posttransplant renal function in patients undergoing ABO‐mismatched living donor kidney transplantation. Further prospective studies with long‐term follow‐up are needed to elucidate involved pathomechanisms.