bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the supraspinatus muscle fiber architecture with diffusion tensor imaging in healthy volunteers
Authors: Marth Adrian Alexander , Sommer Stefan , Kajdi Georg Wilhelm , Goller Sophia Samira , Feiweier Thorsten , Sutter Reto , Nanz Daniel , von Deuster Constantin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objectives
This study presents a framework for the calculation of supraspinatus (SSP) muscle pennation angles (PAs) from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Materials and methods
Ten healthy individuals (five females and five males; age 32.0 ± 4.7 years) underwent three sessions of 3-T MRI, including a stimulated echo acquisition mode DTI sequence. The imaging plane of the DTI sequence was angled along the intramuscular part of the SSP tendon. A custom-built software was developed and implemented to compute DTI-based PAs of the anterior and posterior SSP in relation to the orientation of the tendon. Subsequently, three readers measured PAs from the post-processed images. Test-retest reliability, inter-reader agreement, and intra-reader agreement of PA measurements were evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).

Results
The mean PA in the anterior SSP was 15.6 ± 2.1° and 10.7 ± 0.9° in the posterior SSP. MRI-derived PAs showed good to excellent test-retest reliability (ICC: 0.856–0.945), inter-reader agreement (ICC: 0.863–0.955), and intra-reader agreement (ICC: 0.804–0.955).

Conclusion
PAs derived from DTI demonstrated good to excellent test-retest reliability, inter-reader agreement, and intra-reader agreement. We successfully implemented a highly standardized technique for evaluating PAs of the SSP muscle.

Critical relevance statement
This proposed low-complex method might facilitate the increased use of the PA as a biomarker for pathological conditions of the rotator cuff.

Key Points

A low-complex method for measuring PAs of the SSP might help identify pathology early.

The mean PA was 15.6 ± 2.1° and 10.7 ± 0.9° in the anterior and posterior SSP, respectively.

ICCs were ≥ 0.856 for test-retest reliability, ≥ 0.863 for inter-reader agreement, and ≥ 0.804 for intra-reader agreement.

Graphical Abstract
[18F]FDG whole-body PET-MR including an integrated breast MR protocol for locoregional and distant staging in breast cancer patients—a feasibility study
Authors: van Nijnatten Thiemo J. A. , de Mooij Cornelis M. , Mitea Cristina , Houwers Janneke , de Boer Maaike , Smidt Marjolein L. , Mottaghy Felix M. , Wildberger Joachim E. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate in a feasibility study the combination of [18F]FDG whole-body (WB) positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance (PET-MR), including an integrated breast MR within a single protocol for locoregional and distant staging in breast cancer patients.

Methods
Consecutive patients with breast cancer diagnoses according to conventional imaging modalities (full-field digital mammography (FFDM) and ultrasound (US)) were prospectively included. All patients underwent [18F]FDG WB PET-MR, including an integrated dedicated breast MR (prone position) and WB PET-MR (supine position) protocol. Results of [18F]FDG WB PET-MR, including integrated breast MR, versus conventional imaging modalities were compared.

Results
From April 2021–April 2022, 28 patients were included. On conventional imaging, cT1-2 breast cancer was present in 22 (FFDM) and 23 (US) out of 28 patients. With regard to clinical nodal status, eight patients were considered cN0, eighteen cN1 (1-3 suspicious lymph nodes), and two patients were cN2 (four suspicious axillary lymph nodes/internal mammary lymph node metastasis). [18F]FDG WB PET-MR, including an integrated breast MR protocol, upstaged clinical tumor status in two patients and clinical nodal status in nine patients according to both [18F]FDG WB PET-MR and breast MR findings. In addition, distant metastases were detected in three patients (liver/bone), and another patient was diagnosed with a synchronous primary tumor (lung cancer).

Conclusion
[18F]FDG WB PET-MR, including an integrated breast MR within a single protocol in breast cancer patients, is feasible and provides a promising new approach in breast cancer patients with regard to locoregional and distant staging.

Critical relevance statement
[18F]FDG whole-body PET-MR, including an integrated breast MR protocol, is feasible and allows locoregional and distant staging within a single imaging exam in breast cancer patients.

Key Points

[18F]FDG PET-MR allows the combination of breast MR and whole-body staging.

Therefore, a single protocol of whole-body [18F]FDG PET-MR, including an integrated breast MRI, is investigated.

[18F]FDG PET-MR, including an integrated breast MR is feasible and can be considered in daily clinical practice.

Graphical Abstract
A highly variable habitat selection in moose across diel and seasonal scales
Authors: Borowik Tomasz , Kowalczyk Rafał , Ratkiewicz Mirosław , Maślanko Weronika , Duda Norbert , Żmihorski Michał 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Habitat selection in animals is a hierarchal process that operates across multiple temporal and spatial scales, adapting to changes in environmental conditions, human disturbances, and predation risks. Despite its significance, previous research often oversimplifies temporal dynamics by categorizing them into broad seasonal and diel patterns, overlooking the continuous nature of temporal variability and habitat specificity.

Methods
We investigated the temporal patterns in habitat selection of moose (Alces alces) in highly heterogenous landscapes at the southwestern edge of their European range using step-selection functions. Utilizing over 700,000 GPS locations from 34 adult moose, we aimed to assess seasonal and diel patterns in their selectivity for both natural and human-related habitats.

Results
Our findings revealed significant overall temporal variation in moose habitat selection at both seasonal and diel scales. Moose selectivity toward different habitats showed low repeatability over time, with 35% of cases displaying negative correlation between selectivity in different time windows. Diel changes were more pronounced, showing 5.6-fold difference in cumulative selectivity, compared to 1.4-fold difference in seasonal dynamics. Notably, moose exhibited lower selectivity during nighttime hours throughout the year compared to daytime hours. The study also highlighted distinct habitat selection patterns across different habitat types: natural habitats (deciduous forests, coniferous forests, wetlands) exhibited pronounced seasonal variation, while anthropogenic habitats (grasslands, arable land, roads and settlements) showed more diel variability. Moose generally avoided human-related habitats during daytime hours, but their preferences during nighttime varied depending on the habitat type and time of year.

Conclusion
This research advances our understanding of the complex temporal patterns in habitat selection by large herbivores and underscores the importance of considering temporal dynamics in habitat selection modelling.
Efficacy of neuroendoscopy-assisted surgery in the treatment of chronic subdural hematoma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Hou-Qiang , Bai Xue , Xiong Fang-Ling , Gao Ming-Ming , Zhang Huai-Bing , Liu Bao-Hua 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is one of the most common diseases in neurosurgery. It is the result of chronic intracranial hemorrhage that converges between the dura mater and arachnoid three weeks after externally injuring the head. Chronic subdural hematomas are a common complication in neurosurgery. With the gradual increase in the amount of hematoma, the surrounding brain tissue is pushed and compressed, resulting in corresponding clinical symptoms and signs. It is reported that the overall incidence rate of CSDH is 1.72 to 20.6 per 100,000 people every year, and the incidence rate of the elderly is particularly high.

Methods
The computer retrieves eight databases to obtain controlled trials at home and abroad on the effects of neuroendoscopy-assisted surgery in patients with chronic subdural hematoma. After a rigorous literature quality evaluation, data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.

Results
Twenty studies were ultimately included in this meta-analysis. Seventeen studies reported the Recurrence rate of the test group and the control group, which was significantly lower (OR 0.27; 95% Cl 0.18, 0.38; P < 0.01) than the control group, Recovery rate (OR 1.18; 95% Cl 1.01, 1.38; P = 0.03), Total effective rate (OR 1.11; 95% Cl 1.04, 1.17; P < 0.01), Operative time (SMD 15.78; 95% Cl 9.69, 21.86; P < 0.01), Hospital stay (SMD − 1.66; 95% Cl − 2.17, − 1.14; P < 0.01) and Complications (OR 0.48; 95% Cl 0.30, 0.78; P < 0.01).

Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that neuroendoscopy-assisted surgery may be effective in patients with chronic subdural hematoma, as evidenced by recurrence rate, recovery rate, total effective rate, operative time, hospital stay, complications, and the above conclusions need to be verified by more high-quality studies.
Impacts of a short-interval severe fire on forest structure and regeneration in a temperate Andean Araucaria-Nothofagus forest
Authors: Arroyo-Vargas Paola , Busby Sebastian , Veblen Thomas T. , González Mauro E. , Holz Andrés 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Warmer climate conditions are altering fire regimes globally, eroding the capacity of forest ecosystems to resist and recover from natural disturbances like wildfire. Severe and rapidly repeated wildfires are promoting tree regeneration failure of obligate-seeders and/or fire-sensitive species in temperate forests of the Southern Hemisphere. We collected post-fire field data to evaluate whether forest structure and tree regeneration responses varied between two Andean forest study areas dominated by the threatened Gondwanan conifer Araucaria araucana and Nothofagus species (southern beeches) — one area burned once, the other reburned after 13 years.

Results
Tree mortality was high across species after a single high severity and/or repeated wildfire, although some A. araucana trees were able to survive both events. Post-fire seedling regeneration of A. araucana and Nothofagus spp. was poor in areas affected by severe wildfires, and the latter was absent from reburned plots. A key driver of this regeneration failure was increasing distance to live seed source trees, which was negatively correlated with these species’ post-fire seedling abundances. In contrast, species with the capacity to regenerate via resprouting (A. araucana, N. alpina, N. obliqua) did so after a single high severity fire; however, only a single Nothofagus species (N. alpina) resprouted abundantly after a reburn.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that high severity and short-interval fires can drastically change the structure of and limit post-fire tree regeneration in Araucaria-Nothofagus forests, promoting alternative post-fire forest ecosystem trajectories. Resprouting species of the Nothofagus genus, especially N. alpina, exhibit the greatest resilience to these emerging fire patterns. These forests are currently facing an unprecedented climatic shift toward greater fire activity, where resprouting is the favored regeneration strategy. If the occurrence of severe and short-interval fires increases in the coming decades, as predicted, we expect Araucaria-Nothofagus forests to shift toward a drier, more flammable shrubland ecosystem state.
Degree of food processing and breast cancer risk: a prospective study in 9 European countries
Authors: Cairat Manon , Yammine Sahar , Fiolet Thibault , Fournier Agnès , Boutron-Ruault Marie-Christine , Laouali Nasser , Mancini Francesca Romana , Severi Gianluca , Berstein Fernanda Morales , Rauber Fernanda , Levy Renata Bertazzi , Skeie Guri , Borch Kristin Benjaminsen , Tjønneland Anne , Mellemkjær Lene , Borné Yan , Rosendahl Ann H. , Masala Giovanna , Giraudo Maria Teresa , de Magistris Maria Santucci , Katzke Verena , Bajracharya Rashmita , Santiuste Carmen , Amiano Pilar , Bodén Stina , Castro-Espin Carlota , Sánchez Maria-Jose , Touvier Mathilde , Deschasaux-Tanguy Mélanie , Srour Bernard , Schulze Matthias B. , Guevara Marcela , Kliemann Nathalie , Lopez Jessica Blanco , Al Nahas Aline , Chang Kiara , Vamos Eszter P. , Millett Christopher , Riboli Elio , Heath Alicia K. , Biessy Carine , Viallon Vivian , Casagrande Corinne , Nicolas Genevieve , Gunter Marc J. , Huybrechts Inge 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRecent epidemiological studies have suggested a positive association between ultra-processed food consumption and breast cancer risk, although some studies also reported no association. Furthermore, the evidence regarding the associations between intake of food with lower degrees of processing and breast cancer risk is limited.Thus, we investigated the associations between dietary intake by degree of food processing and breast cancer risk, overall and by breast cancer subtypes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.Dietary intake of EPIC participants was assessed via questionnaires at baseline. More than 11,000 food ingredients were classified into four groups of food processing levels using the NOVA classification system: unprocessed/minimally processed (NOVA 1), culinary ingredients (NOVA 2), processed (NOVA 3) and ultra-processed (NOVA 4). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of breast cancer per standard deviation increase in daily consumption (grams) of foods from each NOVA group.The current analysis included 14,933 breast cancer cases, diagnosed among the 318,686 EPIC female participants, (median follow-up of 14.9 years). No associations were found between breast cancer risk and the level of dietary intake from NOVA 1 [HR per 1 SD=0.99 (95% CI 0.97 – 1.01)], NOVA 2 [HR per 1 SD =1.01 (95% CI 0.98 – 1.03)] and NOVA 4 [HR per 1 SD =1.01 (95% CI 0.99 – 1.03)] foods. However, a positive association was found between NOVA 3 and breast cancer risk [HR per 1 SD =1.05 (95% CI 1.03 – 1.07)] which became non-significant after adjustment for alcohol intake [HR per 1 SD =1.01 (95% CI 0.98 – 1.05)] or when beer and wine were excluded from this group [HR per 1 SD =0.99 (95% CI 0.97 – 1.01)]. The associations did not differ by breast cancer subtype, menopausal status or body mass index. Findings from this large-scale prospective study suggest that the positive association between processed food intake and breast cancer risk was likely driven by alcoholic beverage consumption.
Graphical Abstract
Paradoxical perceptions: minoritized high school students’ stereotypical and expansive views of science and scientists at an urban, inclusive STEM-focused high school (ISHS)
Authors: Tripp Jennifer N. , Waight Noemi , Liu Xiufeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExisting research on inclusive STEM-focused high schools (ISHSs) has focused on the design and implementation of ISHSs at the school-level, along with the positive effects of ISHSs on STEM course taking, college majoring, and STEM career orientations. Missing from the literature are studies that foreground the perspectives and voices of students of color and their perceptions of science and scientists from asset-based, critical perspectives. Thus, the purpose of this qualitative case study is to document the perceptions of science and scientists among racially, ethnically, and linguistically minoritized ninth graders at an urban, inclusive STEM-focused high school in a mid-sized, northeastern city in the United States, along with the contexts, sources, and associated experiences informing these perceptions. Iterative cycles of inductive and deductive coding and domain analysis, informed by theoretical perspectives on ecological systems and Discourses, revealed paradoxical perceptions. Students viewed science as a body of knowledge, testing and experimenting, a life-enhancing discovery, building on background information, and connected with other disciplines and everywhere. Students’ perceptions of scientists were both stereotypical and expansive, including that scientists are smart and serious; use science equipment and gear in traditional lab contexts; and are creative, curious, and open-minded. While students primarily identified deceased White males as scientists, three girls of color mentioned counter-stereotypical women and people of color when they thought of science. Students noted that science field trips and after school programs, as well as science in the media and school, informed their perceptions. These findings suggest that despite reform efforts such as Science for All, very little has changed regarding conceptions of science and scientists. What is more, these findings are troubling when minoritized students at an ISHS continue to replicate status quo perceptions of science and scientists. This study has implications for practice, research, and policy related to building on and extending these views in more critically conscious and equity-oriented ways.
Exploring serum bile acids as potential noninvasive biomarkers for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Basuni Ashraf Abbass , Sweed Dina , Elgazzar Mohammed Fathey , Khalil Ashraf 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Bile acids are vital regulators of liver metabolism, and their dysregulation is closely linked with the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Profiling these bile acids may provide valuable diagnostic and prognostic markers for these conditions. This study aimed to evaluate bile acid profiles in NAFLD patients and assess their potential as biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting disease progression. Serum levels of 14 bile acids were measured in 25 normal healthy controls (NHC), 35patients with metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), and 40 patients with NASH, categorized by the NAFLD Activity Score (NAS). Quantification was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS).

Results
Primary unconjugated bile acids, CA and CDCA, along with conjugated acids GCA, GCDCA, TCA, and TCDCA, were significantly elevated in both MASLD and NASH compared to NHC (all p < 0.05). While levels increased progressively from NHC to MASLD to NASH, no significant differences were observed between MASLD and NASH except for GCA and TCA (P < 0.05). Similarly, secondary bile acids LCA, TLCA, GUDCA, and TUDCA were higher in MASLD and NASH compared to NHC (all p < 0.05).
Logistic regression identified CA (odds ratio = 2.05, p = 0.02), CDCA (odds ratio = 1.58, p = 0.04), GCA (odds ratio = 1.92, p = 0.03) and DCA (odds ratio = 2.06, p = 0.04) as significant predictors of fibrosis. For active inflammation, GCA (odds ratio = 2.04, p = 0.04), and TCA (odds ratio = 1.94, p = 0.04) were significant predictors. In steatosis, CA, CDCA, GCA, DCA, TDCA, TLCA, and UDCA were notable predictors, with high odds ratios.

Conclusion
The study highlights significant alterations in bile acid profiles associated with NAFLD progression. Specific bile acids, such as CA, GCA, TCA, and TCDCA are strong predictors of disease severity, indicating their potential as biomarkers for NAFLD treatment and prognosis.
Roll force prediction using hybrid genetic algorithm with semi-supervised support vector regression
Authors: Rashwan Shaheera , ElShenawy Eman , Youssef Bayumy , Abdou Mohamed A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRoll force prediction plays a significant role in rolling schedule and optimization. For a specific steel grade, the roll force can be determined by the aid of several factors: rolling speed, initial thickness, ratio of thickness reduction, the starting temperature of the strip, and the friction coefficient in the contact region. Roll force prediction mathematical models are sometimes rare and inaccurate. This paper presents a new approach to predict roll separating force using semi-supervised support vector regression (SSSVR). The parameters affecting the sensitivity of the SSSVR were optimized using the genetic algorithm to maximize the r-squared accuracy score. The intelligent system is evaluated using two quality metrics: the root mean square error (RMSE) and the mean absolute error calculated between the measured force from the industrial rolling field and the predicted force using the proposed system from one side, and the measured force and the calculated force from another side. Obtained results show the improvement while using the intelligent predictive system. The reduction in RMSE was achieved by the proposed system by 66.9% and 32.1% for oval and round shape passes, respectively in comparison to the conventional calculation method.
Scoping review on managing the bladder and preventing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in athletes with spinal cord injuries
Authors: Ali Qasim , Long Yang , Ali Muhammad , Hamna  , Malhi Maria Naeemi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
This research aimed to identify evidence-based protocols for the safe management of bladder infections and the prevention of UTIs in athletes who have spinal cord injuries (SCI), as they are constantly at high risk of developing UTIs again.

Study design
Scoping review

Methodology
Four databases were searched (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct) for pertinent literature. The non-randomized controlled studies (non-RCT) and randomized controlled trials (RCT) that described the application of any particular measure to properly manage bladder and avoid urinary tract infections (UTIs) in people with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) were chosen.

Results
Forty-nine articles were screened for the effectiveness of weekly oral cyclic antibiotics, bacterial interference, coated catheter types, and patient education in preventing UTIs in SCI were shown in 20 RCT and 29 non-RCT researches. Concerns were raised about cranberry supplements and low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis, which is unreliable and leads to the emergence of germs that are resistant to many drugs.

Conclusion
According to the scoping review, WOCA is the most effective antibiotic regimen. The proven methods for treating UTIs in SCI patients include coated catheters, bacterial interference, bladder irrigation, and patient education. Moreover, there is a great deal of variation in the research about the efficacy of cranberries. The best option for safe bladder management and preventing UTIs in SCIs is to use suprapubic and coated intermittent catheters (ICs). When a urine bag is full, it should be changed out for a fresh one, and patients should be told to employ spontaneous voiding if that's not an option.