bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perinatal air pollution exposure and development of asthma from birth to age 10 years
Authors: Sbihi Hind , Tamburic Lillian , Koehoorn Mieke , Brauer Michael 
Published: February 2016

Within-city variation in air pollution has been associated with childhood asthma development, but findings have been inconsistent. We examined whether perinatal air pollution exposure affected asthma onset during “pre-school and “school age” periods in a population-based birth cohort.65 254 children born between 1999 and 2002 in the greater Vancouver metropolitan region were followed until age 10 years using linked administrative health databases. Asthma cases were sex- and age-matched to five randomly chosen controls. Associations between exposure to air pollutants estimated with different methods (interpolation (inverse-distance weighted (IDW)), land use regression, proximity) and incident asthma during the pre-school (0–5 years) and school age (6–10 years) periods were estimated with conditional logistic regression.6948 and 1711 cases were identified during the pre-school and school age periods, respectively. Following adjustment for birthweight, gestational period, household income, parity, breastfeeding at discharge, maternal age and education, asthma risk during the pre-school years was increased by traffic pollution (adjusted odds ratio using IDW method per interquartile increase (95% CI): nitric oxide 1.06 (1.01–1.11), nitrogen dioxide 1.09 (1.04–1.13) and carbon monoxide 1.05 (1.01–1.1)). Enhanced impacts were observed amongst low-term-birthweight cases. Associations were independent of surrounding residential greenness.Within-city air pollution variation was associated with new asthma onset during the pre-school years.
No Evidence That RFamide-Related Peptide 3 Directly Modulates LH Secretion in the Ewe
Authors: Decourt C. , Anger K. , Robert V. , Lomet D. , Bartzen-Sprauer J. , Caraty A. , Dufourny L. , Anderson G. , Beltramo M. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe neuropeptide RFamide-related peptide 3 (RFRP-3) has been implicated in the control of gonadotropin secretion in both birds and mammals. However, in mammals, depending on species, sex and photoperiod, inhibitory, excitatory, or no effect of RFRP-3 on the plasma concentration of LH has been reported. In the ewe, treatment with RFRP-3 either reduced LH concentration or had no effect, and treatment with an RFRP-3 receptor antagonist (ie, RF9) resulted in increased concentration of plasma LH. To clarify these conflicting results in the present study, a set of experiments was performed in ewes. Multiple iv injections of RFRP-3 (6 × 50 μg) in ovariectomized ewes had no effect on plasma LH pulsatility. In intact ewes a bolus injection (500 μg) or an injection (250, 500, or 1000 μg) followed by a 4-hour perfusion (250, 500, or 1000 μg · h−1) of RFRP-3 had no effect on the LH pulse induced by kisspeptin (6.5 μg). In ovariectomized, estrogen-replaced ewes, the LH surge induced by estradiol benzoate was not modified by a 24-hour perfusion of RFRP-3 (500 μg h−1). Finally, although treatment with RF9 induced a robust release of LH, treatment with a more selective RFRP-3 receptor antagonist, GJ14, resulted in no evident increase of LH. In contrast to the inhibitory effect previously suggested, our data are more consistent with the concept that RFRP-3 has no direct effect on LH secretion in ewes and that RF9 effect on LH release is likely not RFRP-3 receptor mediated. Hence, RFRP-3 probably has a minor role on the control of LH secretion in the ewe.
Sodium Intake and Osteoporosis. Findings From the Women's Health Initiative
Authors: Carbone Laura , Johnson Karen C. , Huang Ying , Pettinger Mary , Thomas Fridjtof , Cauley Jane , Crandall Carolyn , Tinker Lesley , LeBoff Meryl Susan , Wactawski-Wende Jean , Bethel Monique , Li Wenjun , Prentice Ross 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

Background:
The relationship of sodium intake to changes in bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women has not been established, and no study to date has examined its relationship with fracture risk.

Methods:
This was a prospective observational cohort study including 69 735 postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative during an average of 11.4 years of followup to examine whether sodium intake is associated with changes in BMD at the lumbar spine, total hip, femoral neck, and total body and with incident fractures and whether this relationship is modified by potassium and/or calcium intake.

Results:
In adjusted models, there was no association of calibrated sodium intake with changes in BMD at the hip or lumbar spine from baseline to 3 or 6 years (P ≥ .06). Higher sodium intakes were associated with greater increases in total body BMD from baseline to 3 years (P = .00) with a trend from baseline to 6 years (P = .08) and with reduced hip fractures (hazard ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.67–0.97). In sensitivity analyses that included body mass index as an additional covariate in the models, there was no association of sodium intake with changes in BMD at any skeletal site (P ≥ .32) or with incident fractures (P &gt; .28). There was no association of sodium intake with incident fractures after adjusting for potassium intake (P ≥ .30). Calcium intake did not modify the association between sodium intake and incident fractures (P ≥ .20). Levels of sodium intake above or below currently recommended guidelines for cardiovascular disease (≤ 2300 mg/d) were not associated with changes in BMD at any skeletal site from baseline to 3 (P ≥ .66) or 6 years (P ≥ .74) or with incident fractures (P ≥ .70).

Conclusion:
Current population-based recommendations for sodium intake are unlikely to significantly affect osteoporosis.
Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) with internal carotid artery stenosis in a diabetic patient with caries tooth and oroantral fistula
Authors: Manjunath Kataveeranahally Shekar , Shivaswamy Santosh , Kulkarni Jayashree Dattatraya , Kenkare Venkatachalaiah Raghavendra 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Mucormycosis is a rare, potentially fatal and opportunistic infection caused by fungi belonging to the order Mucorales. Rhinocerebral, gastrointestinal, pulmonary, cutaneous and disseminated are the different forms of mucormycosis. Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is the most common type and presents as a highly destructive infection in immunocompromised hosts, especially in patients with poorly controlled diabetes. The infection originates in the nasal mucosa owing to fungal inoculation and then spreads to the paranasal sinuses, orbits, orbital apex, cavernous sinuses and brain. Our patient was a 36-year-old female with poorly controlled diabetes who presented with orbital symptoms and signs, with very subtle involvement of the sinuses. She had stenosis of the entire left internal carotid artery, with multiple small infarcts in the left frontal and parietal lobes. She incidentally had tooth caries tooth with a periapical cyst and an oroantral fistula. Ours was a histopathologically proven case of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis.
An adjustment of vancomycin dosing regimen for a young patient with augmented renal clearance: A case report / Úprava dávkového režimu vankomycínu pre mladého pacienta so zvýšeným renálnym klírensom: Kazuistika
Authors: Goboova Maria , Kuzelova Magdalena , Kissova Viera , Bodakova Dasa , Martisova Elena 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Augmented renal clearance (ARC) is a recently reported condition in pathophysiology of critically ill patients in the intensive care unit. ARC refers to the enhanced renal elimination of circulating solutes. These patients are either young or previously healthy people who have undergone surgery or multiple trauma.
This case report describes an adjustment of dosing regime of vancomycin to a young patient, who demonstrated ARC with severe polytrauma, overcome crush syndrome and sepsis. This 16-year old male patient was crushed by a tractor, which caused severe tissue damaged in the right lower limb. He gradually developed a serious crush syndrome. When kidneys resumed their function, creatinine clearance reached the value that indicated ARC (339.81 mL/min/1.73 m2). Vancomycin was included in the patient’s treatment regime by administering conventional dose of 1 g per 12 hours. The residual measured levels were very low. The dose of vancomycin had to be adjusted to double and then to triple the conventional dose. Without the therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and subsequent interpretation of the results by the clinical pharmacists, such high doses would not have been considered for administration.
ARC responds strongly to sub-therapeutic serum vancomycin levels. Our case report confirms the significance of TDM and the consecutive interpretation of the results in critically ill patients.
Spirulina maxima and its effect on antioxidant activity in fructose induced oxidative stress with histopathological observations
Authors: Jarouliya Urmila , Zacharia Anish , Keservani Raj K. , Prasad Godavarthi B.K.S 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterised by hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. The aim of the present study is to explore the antioxidant effect of Spirulina maxima in rat model along with the histopathological observations. Diabetes was induced by feeding 10% fructose solution orally to Wistar rats (n = 6) for 30 days, analysed for plasma blood glucose and the markers of the oxidative stress [catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)]. These biochemical studies were associated with histopathological examination of liver and kidney sections. The microalga Spirulina maxima being rich in proteins and other essential nutrients is widely used as a food supplement. S. maxima at a dose of 5 and 10% per kg and the metformin (500 mg/kg) as reference drug were given orally for 30 days to the diabetic rats. Diabetic rats showed significant (p < 0.001) elevations in plasma blood glucose, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and significant reduction in catalase, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione activity. Oral administration of 5 and 10% aqueous extract of S. maxima for 30 days restored not only of blood glucose levels but also markers of oxidative stress. Histopathological observations of tissues manifested that the S. maxima administration had the protective and therapeutic effects against fructose-induced abnormalities in diabetic rats. It is concluded that S. maxima is effective in reinstating the antioxidant activity in addition to its antidiabetic effect in type 2 diabetic rats.
Phenylcarbamic acid derivatives with integrated n-phenylpiperazine moiety in the structure – kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis study / Deriváty kyseliny fenylkarbámovej s integrovanou n-fenylpiperazínovou zložkou v štruktúre – štúdium kinetiky alkalickej hydrolýzy
Authors: M. Stankovičová , V. Miháliková , Ľ. Mezovský , A. Lašáková , V. Medlenová , I. Malík 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
In present work, we have studied kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis of 14 compounds, which are phenylcarbamic acid derivatives with integrated N-phenylpiperazine moiety in the structure. The compounds possessed moderate antiarrhythmic and antimycobacterial activity. Their hydrolysis was carried out in an aqueous medium ethanol sodium hydroxide solution. The course of the hydrolysis was observed spectrophotometrically in visible as well as in ultraviolet regions. The pseudo-first order rate constants were calculated at several temperatures. The values of the activation energy EA were determined by the Arrhenius equation. The rate of hydrolysis of the compounds under the study increase with the increase in temperature and it has been differentiated according to the substitution of N-phenylpiperazine as well as to the alkoxy substitution on phenyl ring.
Is the Oxidative Stress Really a Disease?
Authors: Fogarasi Erzsébet , Croitoru Mircea Dumitru , Fülöp Ibolya , Muntean Daniela-Lucia 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between free radicals or other reactive species and the antioxidant activity of the organism. Oxidative stress can induce several illnesses such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, cancer, Alzheimer and Parkinson. The biomarkers of oxidative stress are used to test oxidative injury of biomolecules. The indicators of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxy- 2-nonenal, 2-propenal, isoprostanes), of protein oxidation (carbonylated proteins, tyrosine derivatives), of oxidative damage of DNA, and other biomarkers (glutathione level, metallothioneins, myeloperoxidase activity) are the most used oxidative stress markers. Diseases caused by oxidative stress can be prevented with antioxidants. In human body are several enzymes with antioxidant capacity (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase) and spin traps. Antioxidants are synthetized in the organism (glutathione) or arrive in the body by nutrition (ascorbic acid, vitamin E, carotenoids, flavonoids, resveratrol, xanthones). Different therapeutic strategies to reduce oxidative stress with the use of synthetic molecules such as nitrone-based antioxidants (phenyl-α-tert-butyl-nitrone (PBN), 2,4-disulphophenyl- N-tert-butylnitrone (NXY-059), stilbazulenyl nitrone (STAZN), which scavenge a wide variety of free radical species, increase endogenous antioxidant levels and inhibits free radical generation are also tested in animal models.
Imaging Findings of Bisphosphonates-Associated Osteonecrosis of Jaw: Literature Review and Report of 3 Cases
Authors: Lazar Adela Cristina , Hedesiu Mihaela , Ilea Aranka , Baciut Grigore , Pacurar Mariana , Campian Radu-Septimiu 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Purpose: The present study aims radiological aspects of the occurrence of osteonecrosis of the jaw age groups both in receiving i.v bisphosphonates tratment Imaging assessment of bisphosphonates therapy-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw it is important to differentiate neoplastic invasion, osteomyelitis, osteoradionecrosis induced by radiation or bone related pathology of general diseases.
Material and method: We conducted a retrospective clinical study including 22 patients (8 men and 14 women) with various stages of osteonecrosis of the jaw.
Results: Radiological examinations using CBCT are required in all therapeutic approach of osteonecrosis of jaw cases providing accurate informations of position, dimension and the link with anatomical structures.Our study showed that the prevalence of osteonecrosis of mandibular growth is higher in women than in men and the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw in appearance is depending on age factor witch occurs more often between age 52-59 and 73-80 years old.
Conclusion: The multitude of complications due to treatment with bisphosphonates bind to an early and specialized therapeutic approach. Radiological examinations is a first choice in the detection and early diagnosis of osteonecrosis of the jaw, patients requiring a permanent supervision by the physician and dentist.
Radial Nerve Injury after Brachial Nerve Block - Case Series
Authors: Szederjesi Janos , Lazar Alexandra , Rad Paul , Almasy Emoke 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Adding epinephrine to local anesthetics is recommended to extend the duration of peripheral nerve blocks. We describe in this article two cases of radial nerve injury possible due to coadministration of epinephrine during brachial plexus block.
Diffusion Weighted Imaging in Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: Current Efficiency as a Standalone Sequence for an Unenhanced MRI Experience - a Pilot Study
Authors: Nechifor-Boilă I.A. , Borda Angela , Loghin Andrada , Nechifor-Boilă Adela , Chibelean C. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Objective: Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) is the main sequence in the multiparametric prostate MRI protocol together with T2 and dynamic contrast-enhanced T1, leading to detection rates up to 60% in prostate cancer diagnosis. However, the use of intravenous contrast can have severe side-effects, making the use of unenhanced MRI sequences essential. The aim of our study was to assess the feasibility and efficiency of DWI as a standalone MRI technique for prostate cancer diagnosis. Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study at our department (09.2014-05.2015) and formed a study lot consisting in five prostate cancer patients that were scheduled for radical prostatectomy. Multiparametric MRI was performed (with DWI and T2 sequences) and the images were interpreted according to the PI-RADS system. The final histopathological result after prostatectomy served as gold standard. Results: A series of 9 lesions were detected and analyzed on DWI. At qualitative interpretation, DWI had a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 50%. The corresponding positive and negative likelihood ratios were 1.71 and 0.286, respectively (p=0.417). ADC analysis revealed a mean value of 1.2*10-3mm2/s for the benign lesions while the corresponding value was 0.8*10-3 for the malignant ones, regardless of tumor size and Gleason scoring. Conclusion: DWI is a feasible technique in the current clinical environment, with a good sensitivity and a medium specificity. Furthermore, an association to the anatomical T2 sequence could enhance the diagnostic efficiency of DWI and should be assessed in larger studies.
The Study of Factors Associated with Severity of In-Stent Restenosis in Patients Treated with PCI for Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Blendea Ciprian , Chitu Monica , Orzan Marius , Bajka Balázs , Craciun Adriana , Benedek Imre 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Introduction: The management of in stent restenosis represents a topic of great actuality and interest, especially since the interventional treatment with stent implantation became largely accepted as the metod of choice in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Identification of certain risk factors that could predict the development of an in stent restenosis and its severity could be extremely useful for the clinical management of these patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a total of 60 stent restenoses encountered in 57 patients admitted and treated in the Cardiology Clinic of Tirgu Mures. The interval of occurrence of restenosis ranged between 2 months and 37 months postintervention. We monitored the demographic characteristics (age, gender, colesterol, presence of renal insufficiency) and we realized a descriptive qualitative analysis of the angiographic procedural aspects. The in stent restenosis occurred most frequently on left anterior descending artery (63%), followed by the circumflex artery (22.15%) and right coronary artery (14.8%), regardless of the degree of stenosis prior to revascularization. Results: Statistical analysis using Chi square test revealed no statistically significant differences in terms of the correlation between the incidence of restenosis and gender (p=0.14), treatment with ACE inhibitors (p=0.16), implanted stent diameter (p=0.22) or the type of procedure (ram crossing over a secondary branch being considered as a procedure involved in the genesis of severe restenosis) (p=0.2). We used the t-student test for comparative analysis of the correlation between the continuous variables related to initial native lesion diameter and the degree of restenosis, without finding any a statistically significant correlation between them (p=0.226). However, a statistically significant correlation was found between cholesterol levels and the degree of stenosis (p=0.039). Descriptive analysis of restenosis lesions did not find any statistically significant correlation with the type or degree of stenosis in the native vessel, but showed statistically significant differences when evaluating the geometric assumption of restenosis by intraluminal diameter or intraluminal area (p=0.0018), suggesting that assessment of the degree of restenosis should be performed only by planimetric area. Conclusions: We can conclude that in stent restenosis represents a plurifactorial phenomenon, that is not conditioned by the severity of the native lesion or by the administration of ACE inhibitors or Spironolactone, however it depends directly on the control of cholesterol values afther the coronary revascularization.
Slowly changing function connected growth properties of wronskians generated by entire and meromorphic functions
Authors: Datta Sanjib Kumar , Biswas Tanmay , Kar Ananya 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
In the paper we establish some new results depending on the comparative growth properties of composite entire or meromorphic functions using generalised pL*-type with rate pand generalised pL*-weak type with rate p and wronskians generated by one of the factors.
Focal representation of k-slant Helices in Em+1
Authors: Öztürk Günay , Bulca Betül , Bayram Bengü , Arslan Kadri 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The focal representation of a generic regular curve γ in Em+1 consists of the centers of the osculating hyperplanes. A k-slant helix γ in Em+1 is a (generic) regular curve whose unit normal vector Vk makes a constant angle with a fixed direction

in Em+1. In the present paper we proved that if γ is a k-slant helix in Em+1, then the focal representation Cγ of γ in Em+1 is an (m− k + 2)-slant helix in Em+1.
Consistency rates and asymptotic normality of the high risk conditional for functional data
Authors: Rabhi Abbes , Keddani Latifa , Hammou Yassine 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The maximum of the conditional hazard function is a parameter of great importance in seismicity studies, because it constitutes the maximum risk of occurrence of an earthquake in a given interval of time. Using the kernel nonparametric estimates of the first derivative of the conditional hazard function, we establish uniform convergence properties and asymptotic normality of an estimate of the maximum in the context of independence data.
Some generalization of integral inequalities for twice differentiable mappings involving fractional integrals
Authors: Sarikaya Mehmet Zeki , Budak Huseyin 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
In this paper, a general integral identity involving Riemann- Liouville fractional integrals is derived. By use this identity, we establish new some generalized inequalities of the Hermite-Hadamard’s type for functions whose absolute values of derivatives are convex.
Automatische Analyse und Erkennung graphischer Inhalte von SVG-basierten Engineering-Dokumenten
Authors: Hoang Xuan Luu , Arroyo Esteban , Fay Alexander 
Published: February 2016

Zusammenfassung
Graphische Engineering-Dokumente beinhalten substanzielle Informationen für diverse Planungs- sowie Betriebsaktivitäten in der
verfahrenstechnischen Industrie. Auch wenn diese Dokumente seit vielen Jahren mit dem Computer erstellt werden, werden sie in vielen
Fällen jedoch als Papierausdruck oder in primitiven digitalen Formaten gespeichert, wodurch eine rechnergestützte und effiziente
Auswertung dieser Dokumente erschwert wird. Um dieses Problem zu bewältigen, präsentiert dieser Beitrag eine neue Methodik für die
automatische Analyse und computer-interpretierbare Beschreibung von Engineering-Dokumenten, welche als Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)
vorliegen.
Eigenschaften von linearen DAE-Systemen
Authors: Lunze Jan 
Published: February 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag fasst Eigenschaften von linearen Systemen zusammen, die durch differential-algebraische Modelle beschrieben werden
(DAE-Systeme). Schrittweise wird diejenige Systemklasse abgegrenzt, für die eine äquivalente Darstellung in Zustandsraumform existiert
(ODE-Systeme). Der Differentiationsindex wird als ein wichtiger Parameter von DAE-Systemen eingeführt und seine Bedeutung an Beispielen
erläutert.