bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Taking a Global View of the OSFED Category From Inside and Outside the DSM‐5: Comment on Dang et al. 2024
Authors: Claudino Angélica M. , Hay Phillipa J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis Commentary discusses the findings of Dang et al.'s systematic review and metanalysis on the “Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder” (OSFED) category in the context of current conceptualizations and main international diagnostic schemes of classification, the DSM‐5 and the ICD‐11. The aim to reduce less specified eating disorder categories in these classifications has not been completely achieved and OSFED cases remain prevalent. Different definitions of OSFED contribute to difficulties in study selection and limitation of data aggregation in metanalysis, highlighting the need for improving methodologies for studying OSFED subtypes. Although use of either the DSM‐5 or ICD‐11 scheme concurs with Dang et al.'s main finding that OSFED comprises categories of similar clinical significance to the recognized eating disorders, the ICD‐11 includes more people with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge‐eating disorder who would receive a DSM‐5 OSFED diagnosis. This may have impacts for epidemiological studies of distribution as well as for identification and treatment of the individual. We support that before creating new eating disorder categories, consideration be given to also broadening current DSM‐5 criteria. This approach may result in fewer OSFED subtypes needing elevation to distinct categories, potentially limiting these to just purging disorder and night eating syndrome.
Drowning in Medicalization? Commentary on: Dang et al. “Taking a Deeper Dive Into OSFED Subtypes: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis”
Authors: Mond Jonathan M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe study by Dang and colleagues in this issue is a timely reminder of the need for careful consideration when it comes to the inclusion of putative new diagnoses in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM). The authors conclude that findings from their systematic review and meta‐analysis of recent literature bearing on the DSM‐5 other specified feeding and eating disorders (OSFED) category “support the conceptualization of atypical AN, PD and NES as clinically significant EDs with similar severity to full‐threshold EDs.” This commentary attempts to provide some additional context, historical context in particular, that the author believes may be helpful when considering the potential implications of Dang and colleagues' findings. This is achieved through reference to the construct, well‐known in the sociology and feminist literature, of medicalization and by highlighting certain issues relevant to the determination of “clinical significance.” I hope that readers approaching Dang and colleagues' research from the currently dominant, medical‐model perspective might be persuaded of the importance of considering alternative perspectives when interpreting findings from research of this kind.
Wolves foraging on berries is likely a widespread behavior in southern boreal ecosystems
Authors: Evavold Isabella C. , Gable Thomas D. , Homkes Austin T. , Bump Joseph K. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWolves are opportunistic generalists that can respond quickly to new and unique food sources. Wolves in some ecosystems will consume berries and other fruits when they are abundant and available; however, many aspects of this behavior remain unknown. In the Greater Voyageurs Ecosystem (GVE), Minnesota, USA, wolves consistently consume berries, particularly blueberries, when they are available. We deployed remote cameras in blueberry patches to record wolves foraging on berries over several years. We captured footage of wolves of all age classes, social statuses, and sex foraging on blueberries alone or with other wolves. Our observations indicate berry consumption by wolves is a widespread behavior in the GVE and likely in similar southern boreal ecosystems. We hope our work spurs researchers across wolf range to examine whether berry consumption by wolves is a widespread and ubiquitous behavior for wolves.
Anthropogenic determinants of species presence in amphibian communities across a regional elevation gradient
Authors: Rodríguez Silvia , Galán Pedro , Martínez‐Abraín Alejandro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIdentifying and quantifying the main factors that are jeopardizing amphibian communities worldwide is essential for planning effective amphibian conservation. We collected data on the presence/absence of salamanders and newts (Caudata) and frogs and toads (Anura) in >3600 water points from a large region (30,000 km2) in NW Spain during a 10‐year period (2004–2013). We contrasted a large set of hypotheses explaining presence/absence as a function of anthropogenic factors across the regional elevation gradient (1–2036 m). Logistic regression modeling revealed that salamanders and newts were mainly influenced by pollution and by land use changes, and that the effect of these factors changed with elevation. However, frogs and toads were affected by a larger set of factors acting synergistically, although not including land use changes, and their effect operated at all elevation ranges, except in the case of biological factors (invasive species and wild boar abundance) with higher effects at low elevation. Changes in land use was the most common factor at any elevation and included the abandonment of rural areas, which favors shrub and tree encroachment on former open land, and loss of water points. The most resilient species at any elevation were two frogs, Pelophylax perezi and Rana parvipalmata. The least resilient species were two salamanders, Chioglossa lusitanica and Lissotriton helveticus, followed closely by two toads, Alytes obstetricans and Pelobates cultripes. Unoccupied sites had higher frequencies of biological effects and of changes in land use in the first 5 years of study and lower frequencies of direct human influence factors in the second period. Overall, our results showed that the studied amphibian metacommunity was negatively influenced both by direct and indirect anthropogenic factors, but also that many amphibian species were not only capable of occupying sites which had been altered by human action, but were even favored by land uses generating open habitat, a habitat type that is increasingly uncommon in the region, in the entire Iberian Peninsula and in Europe.
Method Validation for the Determination of Ciprofloxacin in Lucilia sericata Larvae via Capillary Electrophoresis Combined With Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Czuma‐Pokusa Magdalena , Walczak Maria 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTSubstances derived from insects can serve therapeutic functions due to their diverse biological properties. This article focuses on the species Lucilia sericata and the benefits of larval therapy in patients who, due to hospitalization, have developed pressure ulcers and other difficult‐to‐heal wounds. Larval therapy, also known as maggot debridement therapy, employs sterile fly larvae to treat chronic, non‐healing wounds by enzymatically degrading necrotic tissue and decreasing bacterial colonization. The larvae are applied to the wound for a period of 48–72 h, during which they effectively clean the wound and stimulate tissue regeneration. This therapeutic approach is particularly efficacious for recalcitrant wounds, such as diabetic foot ulcers and pressure sores, which have not responded to conventional treatments. Larvae may also constitute an alternative material in entomotoxicological studies to detect substances ingested at not only toxic but also therapeutic doses. The present work describes a method for assaying ciprofloxacin in L. sericata larvae using capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry. The developed method features high sensitivity with a limit of quantification of 100 ± 0.018 ng/mL, as well as accuracy and precision estimated within 87%–103% and 1%–4%, respectively. An application of a simple and fast precipitation of proteins procedure for sample cleaning resulted in a highly satisfactory recovery of the analyte (90%–104%). The method was linear in a range of 100–1000 ng/mL with a determination coefficient higher than 0.9973. The method was used to determine ciprofloxacin in larval homogenate after antibiotic administration to the patient at a dose of 500 mg twice daily per os during application of the larvae dressing. Ciprofloxacin was shown to distribute from the patient's circulation to the larvae at a concentration of 150 ng/mL (750 ng/g).
Latency‐Sensitive Service Function Chains Intelligent Migration in Satellite Communication Driven by Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Zhang Peiying , Li Yilin , Tan Lizhuang , Liu Kai , Wen Miao , Hao Hao 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTSatellite communication technology solves the problem that the traditional wired network infrastructure is difficult to achieve global communication coverage. However, factors such as satellite orbits introduce frequent changes to the network topology, and challenges like satellite failures and communication link interruptions are prevalent. In the face of these issues, service function chain (SFC) migration becomes a crucial method for swiftly adjusting SFCs during faults, maintaining service continuity and availability. This article proposes a latency‐sensitive SFC migration algorithm tailored to satellite networks. The algorithm first models the satellite network as a multi‐domain virtual network, capturing the constraints faced during SFC migration. Subsequently, a deep reinforcement learning algorithm integrated attention mechanism is designed to more accurately capture and understand the complex network environment and dynamic satellite network topology and derive optimal SFC migration strategies for superior performance. Finally, through experimentation and evaluation of the deep reinforcement learning‐driven latency‐sensitive service function chain intelligent migration algorithm (LS‐SFCM) in satellite communication, this study validates the effectiveness and superior performance of the algorithm in latency‐sensitive scenarios. It provides a new avenue for enhancing the service quality and efficiency of satellite communication networks.
Lightweight and conformal acousto‐ultrasonic sensing network for multi‐scale structural health monitoring: A review
Authors: Li Yehai , Guo Shifeng , Su Zhongqing , Ding Keqin , Loh Xian Jun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractStructural health monitoring (SHM) has been increasingly investigated for decades. Different physical principles have been developed for damage identification, such as electronics, mechanics, magnetics, etc., with different coverage (i.e., global, large‐area, and local monitoring) and sensitivity. Mechanical acousto‐ultrasonic‐based methods have formed a big family in SHM technologies. Multiple wave/resonance modes have been utilized for versatile SHM tasks. The permanently integrated sensing networks play a significant role in achieving a cost‐effective and reliable SHM system, with major concerns including weight increase for large‐scale deployment and conformity for complex geometry structures. In this review, typical acousto‐ultrasonic sensors made of different material systems are discussed, along with advantages and limitations. Moreover, advanced network installation methods have been introduced, including surface‐mounting with pre‐integrated networks on substrates and in situ printing, and embedding with composite layup and metal additive manufacturing. Sensor versatility and usage in multi‐scale SHM techniques are then highlighted. Different wave/resonance modes are transmitted and received with corresponding elements and network designs. In conclusion, this systematic review mainly covers a collection of acousto‐ultrasonic sensors, two modalities of network installation, and their employment with various SHM methods, hopefully providing a useful guide to building lightweight and conformal networks with passive or active‐passive sensors, and developing complete and reliable SHM strategies by integrating different damage identification methods on multiple scales.
Long‐term reprogramming of primed microglia after moderate inhibition of CSF1R signaling
Authors: León‐Rodríguez Ana , Grondona Jesús M. , Marín‐Wong Sonia , López‐Aranda Manuel F. , López‐Ávalos María D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn acute neuroinflammation, microglia activate transiently, and return to a resting state later on. However, they may retain immune memory of such event, namely priming. Primed microglia are more sensitive to new stimuli and develop exacerbated responses, representing a risk factor for neurological disorders with an inflammatory component. Strategies to control the hyperactivation of microglia are, hence, of great interest. The receptor for colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1R), expressed in myeloid cells, is essential for microglia viability, so its blockade with specific inhibitors (e.g. PLX5622) results in significant depletion of microglial population. Interestingly, upon inhibitor withdrawal, new naïve microglia repopulate the brain. Depletion‐repopulation has been proposed as a strategy to reprogram microglia. However, substantial elimination of microglia is inadvisable in human therapy. To overcome such drawback, we aimed to reprogram long‐term primed microglia by CSF1R partial inhibition. Microglial priming was induced in mice by acute neuroinflammation, provoked by intracerebroventricular injection of neuraminidase. After 3‐weeks recovery, low‐dose PLX5622 treatment was administrated for 12 days, followed by a withdrawal period of 7 weeks. Twelve hours before euthanasia, mice received a peripheral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) immune challenge, and the subsequent microglial inflammatory response was evaluated. PLX5622 provoked a 40%–50% decrease in microglial population, but basal levels were restored 7 weeks later. In the brain regions studied, hippocampus and hypothalamus, LPS induced enhanced microgliosis and inflammatory activation in neuraminidase‐injected mice, while PLX5622 treatment prevented these changes. Our results suggest that PLX5622 used at low doses reverts microglial priming and, remarkably, prevents broad microglial depletion.
Splicing dysregulation in glioblastoma alters the function of cell migration‐related genes
Authors: Seong Minu , Bak‐Gordon Pedro , Liu Zhaoqi , Canoll Peter D. , Manley James L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) has a poor prognosis with a high recurrence and low survival rate. Previous RNA‐seq analyses have revealed that alternative splicing (AS) plays a role in GBM progression. Here, we present a novel AS analysis method (Semi‐Q) and describe its use to identify GBM‐specific AS events. We analyzed RNA‐seq data from normal brain (NB), normal human astrocytes (NHAs) and GBM samples, and found that comparison between NHA and GBM was especially informative. Importantly, this analysis revealed that genes encoding cell migration‐related proteins, including filamins (FLNs) and actinins (ACTNs), were among those most affected by differential AS. Functional assays revealed that dysregulated AS of FLNA, B and C transcripts produced protein isoforms that not only altered transcription of cell proliferation‐related genes but also led to enhanced cell migration, resistance to cell death and/or mitochondrial respiratory function, while a dysregulated AS isoform of ACTN4 enhanced cell migration. Together, our results indicate that cell migration and actin cytoskeleton‐related genes are differentially regulated by AS in GBM, supporting a role for AS in facilitating tumor growth and invasiveness.
Functional connectivity in resting‐state networks relates to short‐term global cognitive functioning in cardiac arrest survivors
Authors: Verhulst Marlous M. L. H. , Keijzer Hanneke M. , van Gils Pauline C. W. , van Heugten Caroline M. , Meijer Frederick J. A. , Tonino Bart A. R. , Bonnes Judith L. , Delnoij Thijs S. R. , Hofmeijer Jeannette , Helmich Rick C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLong‐term cognitive impairment is common in cardiac arrest survivors. Screening to identify patients at risk is recommended. Functional magnetic resonance brain imaging (fMRI) holds potential to contribute to prediction of cognitive outcomes. In this study, we investigated the possible value of early changes in resting‐state networks for predicting short and long‐term cognitive functioning of cardiac arrest survivors. We performed a prospective multicenter cohort study in cardiac arrest survivors in three Dutch hospitals. Resting‐state fMRI scans were acquired within a month after cardiac arrest. We primarily focused on functional connectivity within the default‐mode network (DMN) and salience network (SN), and additionally explored functional connectivity in seven other networks. Cognitive outcome was measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) during hospital admission and at 3 and 12 months, and by neuropsychological examination (NPE) at 12 months. We tested mixed effects models to evaluate the value of connectivity within the networks for predicting global cognitive outcomes at the three time points, and long‐term cognitive outcomes in the memory, attention, and executive functioning domains. We included 80 patients (age 60 ± 11 years, 72 (90%) male). MoCA scores increased significantly between hospital admission and 3 months (ΔMoCAhospital‐3M = 2.89, p < 0.01), but not between 3 and 12 months (ΔMoCA3M–12M = 0.38, p = 0.52). Connectivity within the DMN, SN, and dorsal attention network (DAN) was positively related to global cognitive functioning during hospital admission (βDMN = 0.85, p = 0.03; βSN = 1.48, p < 0.01; βDAN = 0.96, p = 0.01), but not at 3 and 12 months. Network connectivity was also unrelated to long‐term memory, attention, or executive functioning. Resting‐state functional connectivity in the DMN, SN, and DAN measured in the first month after cardiac arrest is related to short‐term global, but not long‐term global or domain‐specific cognitive performance of survivors. These results do not support the value of functional connectivity within these RSNs for prediction of long‐term cognitive performance after cardiac arrest.
A (sub)field guide to quality control in hippocampal subfield segmentation on high‐resolution T2‐weighted MRI
Authors: Canada Kelsey L. , Mazloum‐Farzaghi Negar , Rådman Gustaf , Adams Jenna N. , Bakker Arnold , Baumeister Hannah , Berron David , Bocchetta Martina , Carr Valerie A. , Dalton Marshall A. , de Flores Robin , Keresztes Attila , La Joie Renaud , Mueller Susanne G. , Raz Naftali , Santini Tales , Shaw Thomas , Stark Craig E. L. , Tran Tammy T. , Wang Lei , Wisse Laura E. M. , Wuestefeld Anika , Yushkevich Paul A. , Olsen Rosanna K. , Daugherty Ana M. ,   the Hippocampal Subfields Group
Published: October 2024

AbstractInquiries into properties of brain structure and function have progressed due to developments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To sustain progress in investigating and quantifying neuroanatomical details in vivo, the reliability and validity of brain measurements are paramount. Quality control (QC) is a set of procedures for mitigating errors and ensuring the validity and reliability of brain measurements. Despite its importance, there is little guidance on best QC practices and reporting procedures. The study of hippocampal subfields in vivo is a critical case for QC because of their small size, inter‐dependent boundary definitions, and common artifacts in the MRI data used for subfield measurements. We addressed this gap by surveying the broader scientific community studying hippocampal subfields on their views and approaches to QC. We received responses from 37 investigators spanning 10 countries, covering different career stages, and studying both healthy and pathological development and aging. In this sample, 81% of researchers considered QC to be very important or important, and 19% viewed it as fairly important. Despite this, only 46% of researchers reported on their QC processes in prior publications. In many instances, lack of reporting appeared due to ambiguous guidance on relevant details and guidance for reporting, rather than absence of QC. Here, we provide recommendations for correcting errors to maximize reliability and minimize bias. We also summarize threats to segmentation accuracy, review common QC methods, and make recommendations for best practices and reporting in publications. Implementing the recommended QC practices will collectively improve inferences to the larger population, as well as have implications for clinical practice and public health.
The role of emergency medicine specialists and general practitioners in yellow zone patient management: A case in the Sakarya Province
Authors: Aslan Nuray , Guneysu Fatih , Guner Necip Gokhan , Durmuş Ensar , Akdeniz Sacit , Yurumez Yusuf 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundEmergency departments in Turkey employ both emergency medicine specialists (EMSs) and general practitioners due to an insufficient number of EMSs. Patients are triaged into green, yellow, and red codes based on urgency. Typically, EMSs manage more critical patients (yellow and red codes), while general practitioners handle less urgent cases (green codes).ObjectiveThis study investigates differences in patient management approaches between EMSs and general practitioners in the yellow zone of an emergency department in the Sakarya Province.MethodThis retrospective, cross‐sectional study was conducted at the Sakarya Training and Research Hospital from 31 December 2020 to 31 December 2021. The study included patients aged 18 and older who were assigned to the yellow zone and discharged by the attending physician. Data on patient monitoring times, consultation requests, hospitalization rates, resource utilization, readmission rates, and hospital revenue contributions were collected and analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS version 21, comparing the performance of EMSs and general practitioners.ResultThe study included 59 physicians (14 EMSs and 45 general practitioners) and a large number of patients. EMSs had significantly more experience, shorter consultation request times, and higher ICU admission rates. They also ordered fewer MRIs and USGs per patient and made more consultation requests. There was no significant difference between EMSs and general practitioners in terms of the number of examinations, patient observation times, ward hospitalization rates, CT orders, readmission rates, and hospital revenue contributions.ConclusionEMSs demonstrated more efficient use of emergency department resources, effective consultation processes, and higher ICU admission rates, indicating better patient management. Despite the limited scope of this single‐center study, the findings highlight the importance of EMSs in improving emergency care quality. Further research is needed to validate these results across multiple centers.