bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From the Far East to the Far West. Portuguese Discourse on Translation: A case study of Camilo Pessanha
Authors: Pinto Marta Pacheco 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The history of translation is a site of memory that gathers testimonies of various kinds, from texts to images, from translated literature to statements reflecting on translation praxis. In Portugal, the existing anthologies of comments on translation into Portuguese are heavily dependent on a Eurocentric view of Portuguese literary and translation history, and rather neglect or elide the discourses of those who translate(d) lesser known literatures, particularly those written in non-Western languages, as is the case of Chinese and Japanese. The present article conceptualizes a project that seeks to put together a collection of meta-discourses by translation agents working with languages and textual traditions other than Western. The aim of such a project is to delocalize Portugal’s history of translation by offering a corpus that testifies to the long-term cultural transfers between two geographical extremes: the Far East, which here refers exclusively to China and Japan, and the Far West, which is where I position Portugal from the viewpoint of the Far East. This anthology of texts about a Far Eastern geocultural periphery in translation would be an important bibliographical source for historical research necessary to (re)think, (re)write, and (re)map the Portuguese tradition of translation. The kinds of text to be anthologized are illustrated on the basis of a case study: the preface by the Portuguese symbolist poet Camilo Pessanha (1867–1926) to his direct translation from Chinese into Portuguese of eight elegies from the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644), which was published in Macau in 1914. The article is thus divided into three parts: the first part provides an historical overview of the translation flows between the Far West and the Far East; the second part sketches the structure of a representative anthology of voices translating from East Asian languages; and the third part analyses Pessanha’s statements on his poetry translations and literariness of Chinese language.
Translating otherness: images of a Chinese city
Authors: Heijns Audrey 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This article investigates the way Western configurations of Eastern identities are formed. It focusses on how Western encounters in the East are represented in the West and what role translation plays in this process. It probes the representation of those cultural practices and encounters that are particularly prominent in the literary genre of travel writing. Here, three Dutch accounts of travels to Guangzhou (China) from the late nineteenth century will be compared, and their methods of translation will be analyzed. The examples show that a different style of translation can result in a different image of the city and that the travel accounts under investigation possess varying degrees of Orientalizing and appropriative style, even though the three writers follow more or less the same itinerary. It appears that they are not merely providing a representation of the Other, but, in fact, are merging the Other with the Self. Ultimately, the degree of merging the Other with the Self depends on the style of translation and each of these styles is defining for the configuration of identity, which, from a Western view, makes the East appear inferior, superior or universally equal.
Local tumor control and DNA-PK activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes in prostate cancer patients receiving radiotherapy
Authors: Someya Masanori , Hasegawa Tomokazu , Hori Masakazu , Matsumoto Yoshihisa , Nakata Kensei , Masumori Naoya , Sakata Koh-ichi 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Repair of DNA damage is critical for genomic stability, and DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) has an important role in repairing double-strand breaks. We examined whether the DNA-PK activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) was related to biochemical (prostate-specific antigen: PSA) relapse and radiation toxicity in prostate cancer patients who have received radiotherapy. A total of 69 patients with localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate participated in this study. Peripheral blood was collected 2 years or later after radiotherapy and centrifuged, then DNA-PK activity was measured by a filter binding assay. The high DNA-PK activity group had a significantly higher PSA relapse–free survival rate than the low DNA-PK activity group. The 10-year PSA relapse–free survival was 87.0% in the high DNA-PK activity group, whereas it was 52.7% in the low DNA-PK activity group. Multivariate analysis showed the Gleason score and the level of DNA-PK activity were significant predictors of PSA relapse after radiotherapy. In addition, the low DNA-PK activity group tended to have a higher incidence of Grade 1–2 urinary toxicity than the high DNA-PK activity group. Prostate cancer patients with low DNA-PK activity had a higher rate of PSA relapse and a higher incidence of urinary toxicity. DNA-PK activity in PBLs might be a useful marker for predicting PSA relapse and urinary toxicity, possibly contributing to personalized treatment of prostate cancer.
Green Tea Polyphenol Epigallocatechin-3-gallate–Alleviated Coxsackievirus B3–induced Myocarditis Through Inhibiting Viral Replication but Not Through Inhibiting Inflammatory Responses
Authors: He Xiran , Gao Bo , Zhou Lei , Xiong Sidong 
Published: October 2016

Abstract:
Viral myocarditis, which is mainly caused by coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), affects about 5%–20% of the world population and still lacks efficient treatments. Green tea, a tonic and healthful beverage that was originated in ancient China, has been receiving considerable attention for its protective effect on cardiovascular diseases in recent years. In the present investigation, we aimed to explore the effect of green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on CVB3-induced myocarditis and its underlying mechanism. Our study showed that EGCG could alleviate CVB3-induced myocarditis as evidenced by less cardiac injury and higher survival rate. Furthermore, we found that EGCG failed to downregulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines but could significantly inhibit the replication of CVB3. Furthermore, we found that EGCG treatment could downregulate the protein expression level of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor, the major receptor for CVB3 to infect cardiac myocytes. In conclusion, our data indicated that EGCG could ameliorate CVB3-induced myocarditis through inhibiting viral replication, which might provide a potential novel therapeutic strategy for viral myocarditis.
Nasofacial Destruction Due to Rhinoscleroma and Review of Other Causes
Authors: Beverido Luis G. , Musenge Kabanda Mary , Nanjappa Sowmya , Ebersole Russell , Greene John N. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFacial destruction is a process that can result in not only devastating physical changes but also significant psychological and emotional distress.Klebsiella rhinoscleromatisis noted to cause a chronic granulomatous inflammatory reaction called rhinoscleroma. It is seen worldwide exclusively in tropical and subtropical areas of underdeveloped countries associated with poor hygiene. It is thought that, because the United States has had a recent increase in immigration, the incidence of these infections will also increase. We present a case of biopsy-confirmed rhinoscleroma to increase the awareness of this long forgotten infection and discuss other causes that present similarly.
Micafungin Therapy for Symptomatic Candiduria in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: McMorris Tressa E. , Smith Winter J. , Kupiec Katherine , Salvaggio Michelle , Skrepnek Grant H. , Abraham Leni , Resendez Stephanie 
Published: October 2016

Background
Fluconazole is the drug of choice for candiduria requiring treatment; however, it may not be optimal in some cases because of resistance, drug interactions, or adverse effects. Case reports and retrospective analyses suggest that echinocandins may be effective in treating candiduria and Candida urinary tract infections, despite low urinary concentrations. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effectiveness of echinocandins for the treatment of Candida urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients.

Methods
This was a 5-year, retrospective evaluation of patients treated with micafungin for Candida urinary tract infections (symptomatic) or asymptomatic candiduria with qualifying conditions (pregnancy, neutropenia, recent urologic procedure). The primary outcome was clinical success, defined as symptom resolution (symptomatic patients) or urine sterilization (asymptomatic patients) by the end of treatment. Secondary outcomes included urine sterilization in all patients and time to symptom resolution.

Results
A total of 302 patients with candiduria received micafungin during the study period. Of these, 97 met the inclusion criteria; however, 83 were excluded. Fourteen patients were included in the case series. Twelve patients (85.7%) were symptomatic, and 2 (14.3%) were asymptomatic with neutropenia. Ten patients (71.4%) achieved the primary outcome of symptom resolution or urine sterilization by the end of treatment. Six patients (42.9%) had urine sterilization by the end of therapy; however, a follow-up urine culture was not performed in the remaining 8 patients. Median time to symptom resolution was 4 days.

Conclusions
In some clinical settings, micafungin may be an effective therapy for Candida urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients.
Occult Pericardial Tamponade Presenting With Altered Mental Status
Authors: Arciniegas Rodriguez Silvana , Zitek Tony , Sterett Richard , Nelson David G. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In the pediatric population, cardiac tamponade may present with altered mental status without any clear signs of trauma. Bedside ultrasound is essential to the early diagnosis of this condition. We describe the case of a 5-year-old boy who sustained a potentially fatal, unrecognized trauma to his chest resulting in cardiac tamponade.
Acute Outcomes of Isolated Pneumocephali in Children After Minor Blunt Head Trauma
Authors: Blanchard Ashley , Cabrera Keven I. , Kuppermann Nathan , Dayan Peter S. 
Published: October 2016

Objectives
We aimed to determine the prevalence of and adverse outcomes caused by pneumocephali in children with minor blunt head trauma who had no other intracranial injuries (ie, isolated pneumocephali).

Methods
We conducted a secondary analysis of a public use dataset from a multicenter prospective study of pediatric minor head trauma. We included children younger than 18 years with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores of 14 or 15 and non-trivial mechanisms of injury who had cranial computed tomographies obtained. Patients with isolated pneumocephali were those without other traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) but could have non-depressed or basilar skull fractures (BSFs). We defined adverse outcomes as death, need for neurosurgery, or intubation more than 24 hours for TBI.

Results
Pneumocephali occurred in 148 (1.0%; 95% confidence interval, 0.8%–1.2%) of 14,983 patients; 54 (36.5%) of 148 were isolated. Of these 54 patients, 42 (77.8%) had associated BSFs (7 of whom also had linear skull fractures) and 8 (14.8%) had associated linear skull fractures without BSFs; 4 patients (7.4%) had no fractures. Thirty-three patients (61.1%) had both GCS scores of 15 and no other signs of altered mental status. All patients with isolated pneumocephali and available descriptive data (n = 26) had small-sized pneumocephali. There were no deaths, neurosurgical interventions, or intubations for more than 24 hours for TBI (95% confidence interval for any of the outcomes, 0%–7.9%) in the 54 patients with isolated pneumocephali.

Conclusions
Children with isolated pneumocephali and GCS scores of 14 or 15 after minor blunt head trauma are unlikely to have adverse clinical outcomes.
Investigation of Nerve Conduction Studies of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Cases With Different Risk Factors: An Electrodiagnostic Study
Authors: Solmaz Volkan , Yavuz Selçuk , İnanır Ahmet , Aksoy Dürdane , Pektaş Elmas , Tekataş Aslan , Kurt Semiha G. 
Published: October 2016

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to determine whether there are electrodiagnostic differences between carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) patients with diabetes mellitus, CTS + hypothyroidism (HT), CTS + fibromyalgia syndrome, CTS + rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and idiopathic CTS cases, by comparing nerve conduction studies.

Methods:
This research examined electrophysiologic studies of 47 untreated HT + CTS, 47 diabetes mellitus + CTS, 49 RA + CTS, 52 fibromyalgia syndrome + CTS, 50 idiopathic CTS cases, and a healthy control group of 50 individuals (a total of 293 patients and 433 hands with CTS).

Results:
There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of sex and age. There was no significant difference between the CTS groups—in terms of numbers—with mild, moderate, and severe CTS. When the CTS groups were compared with the control group, in all CTS groups on both left and right hands, there was a significant prolongation in median motor latency and median sensory latency (in the 3rd finger); also a significant decrease in median sensory velocity in the 3rd finger. In diabetes mellitus, HT, and RA groups, the median motor amplitudes in both hands were significantly decreased compared with the idiopathic group. There was a moderate significant negative correlation between disease duration and median motor amplitudes (of both right and left sides) in RA (right; P = 0.028, r = 0.761, left; P = 0.041, r = 0.694) and HT groups (right; P = 0.035, r = 0.637, left; P = 0.049, r = 0.697).

Conclusions:
Electrodiagnostic results showed both demyelinating injury and axonal damage in diabetes mellitus, HT, and RA patients with CTS, in these patients during treatment for CTS. Early treatment planning should include the risk factor diseases.
A Saposin deficiency model inDrosophila: lysosomal storage, progressive neurodegeneration, sensory physiological decline and defective calcium homeostasis
Authors: Hindle Samantha J. , Hebbar Sarita , Schwudke Dominik , Elliott Christopher J. , Sweeney Sean T. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSaposin deficiency is a childhood neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) that can cause premature death within three months of life. Saposins are activator proteins that promote the function of lysosomal hydrolases in the degradation of sphingolipids. There are four saposin proteins in humans, which are encoded by theprosaposingene. Mutations causing an absence of individual saposins or the whole prosaposin gene lead to distinct LSDs due to the storage of different classes of sphingolipids. The pathological events leading to neuronal dysfunction induced by lysosomal storage of sphingolipids are as yet poorly defined. We have generated and characterised aDrosophilamodel of saposin deficiency that shows striking similarities to the human diseases.Drosophila saposin-related(dSap-r) mutants show a reduced longevity, progressive neurodegeneration, lysosomal storage, dramatic swelling of neuronal soma, perturbations in sphingolipid catabolism, and sensory physiological deterioration. We have also revealed a genetic interaction with a calcium exchanger (CalX), suggesting that calcium homeostasis may be altered in saposin deficiency. Together these findings support the use ofdSap-rmutants in advancing our understanding of the cellular pathology implicated in saposin deficiency and related LSDs.
Categorizing Ideas about Systematics: Alternative Trees of Trees, and Related Representations
Authors: Podani János , Morrison David A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis study is an attempt to expand a previous survey by Fisler and Lecointre (FL) for systematizing ideas on the use of the tree metaphor in classification, as expressed by various historically important figures in their writings. FL used a cladistic approach to analyze their data, as employed in biological classification. We supplement this analysis here using several methods of multivariate data exploration, producing a UPGMA dendrogram, a minimum spanning tree, a neighbor joining additive tree, a plexus graph, a phylogenetic network, and two multidimensional scaling ordinations of the same data used by FL. We confirm the validity of many of FL’s smaller clusters of writings, and revealed a new 3-group categorization undetected by the previous study. These three groups largely correspond toClassifiers, who did not consider evolution for historical reasons or on purpose,Non-analytical evolutionists, who recognized evolution but with a more or less naïve attitude towards the temporal change of life, andModelers, with more explicit views on evolutionary processes, often applying objective mathematical tools for exploring the past and present of organismal diversity. Some scientists were difficult to assign to any group unambiguously, including J.W. von Goethe, who takes a unique position in the history of biology, and, to a lesser extent, E. Mayr and G.G. Simpson, the leaders of the gradist school of systematics. We argue that cladistic methods are insufficient by themselves, notably in situations where there are no obvious ancestor-descendant relationships underlying the development of the objects being analyzed.
Two novel lncRNAs discovered in human mitochondrial DNA using PacBio full-length transcriptome data
Authors: Gao Shan , Tian Xiaoxuan , Sun Yu , Wu Zhenfeng , Cheng Zhi , Dong Pengzhi , Zhao Qiang , He Bingjun , Ruan Jishou , Bu Wenjun 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn this study, we introduced a general framework to use PacBio full-length transcriptome sequencing for the investigation of the fundamental problems in mitochondrial biology,e.g.genome arrangement, heteroplasmy, RNA processing and the regulation of transcription or replication. As a result, we produced the first full-length human mitochondrial transcriptome from the MCF7 cell line based on the PacBio platform and characterized the human mitochondrial transcriptome with more comprehensive and accurate information. The most important finding was two novel lnRNAs hsa-MDL1 and hsa-MDL1AS, which are encoded by the mitochondrial D-loop regions. We propose hsa-MDL1 and hsa-MDL1AS, as the precursors of transcription initiation RNAs (tiRNAs), belong to a novel class of long non-coding RNAs (lnRNAs), which is named as long tiRNAs (ltiRNAs). Based on the mitochondrial RNA processing model, the primary tiRNAs, precursors and mature tiRNAs could be discovered to completely reveal tiRNAs from their origins to functions. The MDL1 and MDL1AS lnRNAs and their regulation mechanisms exist ubiquitously from insects to human.
Assessing Pathogens for Natural versus Laboratory Origins Using Genomic Data and Machine Learning
Authors: Korves Tonia , Garay Christopher , Carleton Heather A. , Sabol Ashley , Trees Eija , Peterson Matthew W. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPathogen genomic data is increasingly important in investigations of infectious disease outbreaks. The objective of this study is to develop methods for using large-scale genomic data to determine the type of the environment an outbreak pathogen came from. Specifically, this study focuses on assessing whether an outbreak strain came from a natural environment or experienced substantial laboratory culturing. The approach uses phylogenetic analyses and machine learning to identify DNA changes that are characteristic of laboratory culturing. The analysis methods include parallelized sequence read alignment, variant identification, phylogenetic tree construction, ancestral state reconstruction, semi-supervised classification, and random forests. These methods were applied to 902Salmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium genomes from the NCBI Sequence Read Archive database. The analyses identified candidate signatures of laboratory culturing that are highly consistent with genes identified in published laboratory passage studies. In particular, the analysis identified mutations inrpoS,hfq,rfbgenes,acrB, andrbsRas strong signatures of laboratory culturing. In leave-one-out cross-validation, the classifier had an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.89 for strains from two laboratory reference sets collected in the 1940’s and 1980’s. The classifier was also used to assess laboratory culturing in foodborne and laboratory acquired outbreak strains closely related to laboratory reference strain serovar Typhimurium 14028. The classifier detected some evidence of laboratory culturing on the phylogeny branch leading to this clade, suggesting all of these strains may have a common ancestor that experienced laboratory culturing. Together, these results suggest that phylogenetic analysis and machine learning could be used to assess whether pathogens collected from patients are naturally occurring or have been extensively cultured in laboratories. The data analysis methods can be applied to any bacterial pathogen species, and could be adapted to assess viral pathogens and other types of source environments.
Augmentation of the step-by-step Energy-Scanning EXAFS beamline BL-09 to continuous-scan EXAFS mode at INDUS-2 SRS
Authors: Poswal Ashwini Kumar , Agrawal Ankur , Poswal Himanshu Kumar , Bhattacharyya Dibyendu , Jha Shambhu Nath , Sahoo Naba Kishore 
Published: October 2016

An innovative scheme to carry out continuous-scan X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements similar to quick-EXAFS mode at the Energy-Scanning EXAFS beamline BL-09 at INDUS-2 synchrotron source (Indore, India), which is generally operated in step-by-step scanning mode, is presented. The continuous XAS mode has been implemented by adopting a continuous-scan scheme of the double-crystal monochromator and on-the-fly measurement of incident and transmitted intensities. This enabled a high signal-to-noise ratio to be maintained and the acquisition time was reduced to a few seconds from tens of minutes or hours. The quality of the spectra (signal-to-noise level, resolution and energy calibration) was checked by measuring and analysing XAS spectra of standard metal foils. To demonstrate the energy range covered in a single scan, a continuous-mode XAS spectrum of copper nickel alloy covering both Cu and NiK-edges was recorded. The implementation of continuous-scan XAS mode at BL-09 would expand the use of this beamline inin situtime-resolved XAS studies of various important systems of current technological importance. The feasibility of employing this mode of measurement for time-resolved probing of reaction kinetics has been demonstrated byin situXAS measurement on the growth of Ag nanoparticles from a solution phase.