bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A retrospective review in the management of T3 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: An expanding indication for transoral laser microsurgery
Authors: Butler A. , Rigby M. H. , Scott J. , Trites J. , Hart R. , Taylor S. M. 
Published: May 2016

Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional and oncological outcomes of patients treated for T3 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Specifically comparing transoral laser microsurgery and radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy treatment modalities. Method A retrospective review of patients treated for T3 laryngeal SCC between 2002 and 2010 was undertaken. Results Forty-nine patients were included. 15 cases were glottic, (9 treated with TLM, 6 with RT/CRT), 33 supraglottic (6 treated with TLM, 27 with RT/CRT) and 1 subglottic subsite (treated with RT/CRT). There was no statistical difference between treatment groups for 24 month locoregional control (72.3 %), overall survival (glottis 86.7 %, supraglottic 70.4 %) and disease specific survival (glottic 93.3 % and supraglottic 74.1 %). Overall laryngeal preservation (84.9 %) was also similar in both groups. Conclusion Our institution is expanding the application of TLM to selected patients with T3 laryngeal carcinoma. Oncological outcomes have not been jeopardized by this approach and the treatment is well tolerated by patients with few complications.
Joint optimization of vertical component gravity and P-wave first arrivals by simulated annealing
Authors: Basler-Reeder Kyle , Louie John , Pullammanappallil Satish , Kent Graham 
Published: May 2016

Joint seismic and gravity analyses of the San Emidio geothermal field in the northwest Basin and Range province of Nevada demonstrate that joint optimization changes interpretation outcomes. The prior 0.3–0.5 km deep basin interpretation gives way to a deeper than 1.3 km basin model. Kirchoff prestack depth migrations reveal that joint optimization ameliorates shallow velocity artifacts, flattening antiformal reflectors that could have been interpreted as folds. Furthermore, joint optimization provides a clearer picture of the rangefront fault by increasing the depth of constrained velocities, which improves reflector coherency at depth. This technique provides new insight when applied to existing data sets and could replace the existing strategy of forward modeling to match gravity data. We have achieved stable joint optimization through simulated annealing, a global optimization algorithm that does not require an accurate initial model. Balancing the combined seismic-gravity objective function is accomplished by a new approach based on analysis of Pareto charts. Gravity modeling uses an efficient convolution model, and the basis of seismic modeling is the highly efficient Vidale eikonal equation traveltime generation technique. Synthetic tests found that joint optimization improves velocity model accuracy and provides velocity control below the deepest headwave raypath. Restricted offset-range migration analysis provides insights into precritical and gradient reflections in the data set.
VEGF-A stimulates podosome-mediated collagen-IV proteolysis in microvascular endothelial cells
Authors: Daubon Thomas , Spuul Pirjo , Alonso Florian , Fremaux Isabelle , Génot Elisabeth 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
Podosomes are dynamic cell–matrix contact structures that combine several key abilities, including adhesion, matrix degradation and mechanosensing. These actin-based cytoskeletal structures have been mostly studied in monocytic cells, but much less is known about those formed in other lineages. In this study, we characterise podosomes in capillary-derived microvascular endothelial cells. We identify two types of podosomes: constitutive podosomes that form in the absence of specific stimulation and induced podosomes that arise in response to the angiogenic factor VEGF-A. Constitutive and VEGF-A-induced podosomes share similar components but exhibit marked differences in terms of gelatinolytic activity. We also show that the extracellular matrix proteins laminin and collagen-IV are key determinants of the VEGF-A response, but neither collagen-I nor fibronectin are conducive for podosome induction. Moreover, only collagen-IV elicits the formation of proteolytically active podosomes through a mechanism involving increased Src phosphorylation, p190RhoGAP-B (also known as ARHGAP5) relocalisation and MT1-MMP (also known as MMP14) cell surface exposure at podosome sites. We hypothesise that by promoting podosome formation, VEGF-A enables endothelial cells to overcome the basement membrane barrier to allow sprouting outwards from the existing vasculature.
CELLULAR RESPONSES TO TRITIUM EXPOSURE IN RAINBOW TROUT: HTO- AND OBT-SPIKED FEED EXPOSURE EXPERIMENTS
Authors: Festarini Amy , Shultz Carmen , Stuart Marilyne , Kim Sang Bog , Ferreri Carla 
Published: May 2016

Biological effects were evaluated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to tritiated water (HTO) or food spiked with organically bound tritium (OBT). An HTO exposure study was conducted using a tritium activity concentration of 7000 Bq/L, and an OBT exposure study was conducted using a tritium activity concentration of 30 000 Bq/L. Following 140 days of in vivo HTO exposure, liver, heart, spleen, kidney, and brain cells did not show statistically significant differences in viability; kidney, liver, and spleen cells did not show significant differences in DNA double-strand break repair activity compared with control cells. Membrane fatty acid composition analysis was conducted on liver cells and no effects of HTO exposure could be detected. Following 140 days of in vivo OBT exposure, viability and DNA double-strand break repair activity were not statistically different from controls in liver, heart, spleen, kidney, and brain cells. Changes, however, were noted in the fatty acid composition of liver and muscle tissues.For both studies, all measurements were performed on each tissue and on a fraction of the same tissue that was exposed to a gamma 4 Gy dose in vitro to test for adaptive responses, and no effects were observed except for fatty acid composition. The findings demonstrated that membrane fatty acid composition is a sensitive marker and that microscopic evaluation of gamma-H2AX foci is more sensitive than the flow cytometric approach. These studies are the first to correlate uptake and depuration with biological health indicators in edible fish for tritium exposures within worldwide drinking water guidelines.
The influence of body mass index on functional outcome and quality of life after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Chen J. Y. , Lo N. N. , Chong H. C. , Bin Abd Razak H. R. , Pang H. N. , Tay D. K. J. , Chia S. L. , Yeo S. J. 
Published: May 2016

AimsThis study investigated the influence of body mass index (BMI) on the post-operative fall in the level of haemoglobin (Hb), length of hospital stay (LOS), 30-day re-admission rate, functional outcome and quality of life, two years after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Patients and MethodsA total of 7733 patients who underwent unilateral primary TKA between 2001 and 2010 were included. The mean age was 67 years (30 to 90). There were 1421 males and 6312 females. The patients were categorised into three groups: BMI < 25.0 kg/m2(normal); BMI between 25.0 and 39.9 kg/m2(obese); and BMI ≥ 40.0 kg/m2(morbidly obese).ResultsCompared with the normal and obese groups, the mean LOS was longer by one day (95% confidence interval (CI) 0 to 2) in the morbidly obese group (p = 0.003 and p = 0.001 respectively). The 30-day re-admisison rate was also higher in the morbidly obese group compared to the obese group (OR 2.323, 95% CI 1.101 to 4.900, p = 0.024); and showed a higher trend compared to the normal group (OR 1.850, 95% CI 0.893 to 3.831, p = 0.100). However, the morbidly obese group had a smaller drop in post-operative Hb level by a mean of 0.5 g/dl (0.3 to 0.6) and 0.3 g/dl (0.1 to 0.5), when compared with the normal and obese groups respectively (both p < 0.001). Furthermore, the mean improvement in Oxford Knee Score (OKS) and Knee Society Knee Score (KSKS) at two years follow-up was three points (two to four) and five points (two to seven) more in the morbidly obese group than in the normal group (both p < 0.001). The mean improvement in Knee Society Function Score, and Physical and Mental Component Scores of Short Form-36 were comparable between the three BMI groups (p = 0.736, p = 0.739 and p = 0.731 respectively). The ten-year rate of survival was 98.8% (98.0 to 99.3), 98.9% (98.5 to 99.2) and 98.0% (95.8 to 100), for the normal, obese and morbidly obese groups, respectively (p = 0.703).ConclusionAlthough morbidly obese patients have a longer LOS and higher 30-day re-admission rate after TKA, they have a smaller drop in post-operative Hb level and larger improvement in OKS and KSKS at two years follow-up. The ten-year rate of survival of TKA was also comparable with those with a normal BMI. Take home message: Morbidly obese patients should not be excluded from the benefits of TKA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:780–5.
The administration of intermittent parathyroid hormone affects functional recovery from trochanteric fractured neck of femur
Authors: Chesser T. J. S. , Fox R. , Harding K. , Halliday R. , Barnfield S. , Willett K. , Lamb S. , Yau C. , Javaid M. K. , Gray A. C. , Young J. , Taylor H. , Shah K. , Greenwood R. 
Published: May 2016

Aims We wished to assess the feasibility of a future randomised controlled trial of parathyroid hormone (PTH) supplements to aid healing of trochanteric fractures of the hip, by an open label prospective feasibility and pilot study with a nested qualitative sub study. This aimed to inform the design of a future powered study comparing the functional recovery after trochanteric hip fracture in patients undergoing standard care, versus those who undergo administration of subcutaneous injection of PTH for six weeks. Patients and Methods We undertook a pilot study comparing the functional recovery after trochanteric hip fracture in patients 60 years or older, admitted with a trochanteric hip fracture, and potentially eligible to be randomised to either standard care or the administration of subcutaneous PTH for six weeks. Our desired outcomes were functional testing and measures to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the study. Results A total of 724 patients were screened, of whom 143 (20%) were eligible for recruitment. Of these, 123 were approached and 29 (4%) elected to take part. However, seven patients did not complete the study. Compliance with the injections was 11 out of 15 (73%) showing the intervention to be acceptable and feasible in this patient population. Take home message: Only 4% of patients who met the inclusion criteria were both eligible and willing to consent to a study involving injections of PTH, so delivering this study on a large scale would carry challenges in recruitment and retention. Methodological and sample size planning would have to take this into account. PTH administration to patients to enhance fracture healing should still be considered experimental. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:840–5.
The impact of frailty on outcomes and healthcare resource usage after total joint arthroplasty
Authors: McIsaac D. I. , Beaulé P. E. , Bryson G. L. , Van Walraven C. 
Published: May 2016

AimsTotal joint arthroplasty (TJA) is commonly performed in elderly patients. Frailty, an aggregate expression of vulnerability, becomes increasingly common with advanced age, and independently predicts adverse outcomes and the use of resources after a variety of non-cardiac surgical procedures. Our aim was to assess the impact of frailty on outcomes after TJA.Patients and MethodsWe analysed the impact of pre-operative frailty on death and the use of resources after elective TJA in a population-based cohort study using linked administrative data from Ontario, Canada.ResultsOf 125 163 patients aged > 65 years having elective TJA, 3023 (2.4%) were frail according to the Johns Hopkins ACG frailty-defining diagnoses indicator. One year follow-up was complete for all patients. Frail patients had a higher adjusted one year risk of mortality (hazard ratio 3.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.62 to 3.51), a higher rate of admission to intensive care (odds ratio (OR) 2.52, 95% CI 2.21 to 2.89), increased length of stay (incidence rate ratio 1.62, 95% CI 1.59 to 1.65), a higher rate of discharge to institutional care (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.93 to 2.25), a higher rate of re-admission (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.66) and increased costs at 30, 90 and 365 days post-operatively. Frailty affected outcomes after total hip arthroplasty more than after total knee arthroplasty. Take home message: Frailty is an important risk factor for death after elective TJA, and increases post-operative resource utilisation across many metrics. Processes to optimise the outcomes and efficiency of TJA in frail patients are needed. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:799–805.
Metrology for the production process of aspheric lenses
Authors: Beutler Andreas 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Metrology revealing the form deviation of an aspheric surface is a fundamental part of all different production processes of aspheric lenses. Different processing steps have different requirements for the production. A selection of measuring instruments commonly applied in these processes is presented. This contains tactile and optical pointwise measuring instruments and laser interferometer systems. The principle functionality and the properties are presented. An overview of the application of these systems in different production processes is given. In order to show comparability, measuring results of the different types of systems are presented.
The role of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress in pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Korfei Martina , Ruppert Clemens , Loeh Benjamin , Mahavadi Poornima , Guenther Andreas 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe activation of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress and Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) was first observed in patients with familial interstitial pneumonia (FIP) carrying mutations in the C-terminal BRICHOS domain of surfactant protein C (SFTPC). Here, aggresome formation and severe ER stress was demonstrated in type-II alveolar epithelial cells (AECII), which specifically express this very hydrophobic surfactant protein. In subsequent studies, FIP-patients with mutations in the gene encoding surfactant protein A2 (SFTPA2) were discovered, whose overexpression in epithelial cells in vitro also resulted in significant induction of ER stress. Moreover, prominent ER stress in AECII was also observed in FIP-patients not carrying the SFTPC/SFTPA2 mutations, as well as in patients with the more common sporadic forms of IP. Additionally, cases of adult-onset FIP with mutations in Telomerase genes and other telomereassociated components were reported. These mutations were associated with telomere shortening, which is a potential cause for triggering a persistent DNA damage response and replicative senescence in affected cells. Moreover, shortened telomeres were observed directly in the AECII of FIP-patients, and even sporadic IP cases, in the absence of any gene mutations. Here, we try to figure out the possible origins of ER stress in sporadic IP cases and non-SFTPC/SFTPA2-associated FIP.
Finite groups have more conjugacy classes
Authors: Baumeister Barbara , Maróti Attila , Tong-Viet Hung P. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
We prove that for every

ϵ
>
0

${\epsilon>0}$

there exists a

δ
>
0

${\delta>0}$

such that every group of order

n
≥
3

${n\geq 3}$

has at least

δ
⁢

log
2

⁡
n

/

(

log
2

⁡

log
2

⁡
n

)

3
+
ϵ

${\delta\log_{2}n/{(\log_{2}\log_{2}n)}^{3+\epsilon}}$

conjugacy classes. This sharpens earlier results of Pyber and Keller. Bertram speculates whether it is true that every finite group of order n has more than

log
3

⁡
n

${\log_{3}n}$

conjugacy classes. We answer Bertram’s question in the affirmative for groups with a trivial solvable radical.
Dada-Ikone in New York. Die Performance- Künstlerin Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven
Authors: Gammel Irene 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
An innovator in cross-disciplinary art forms and the use of found objects, Baroness Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven (1874–1927) was America’s earliest performance artist. She was best known for her sexually charged, often controversial performances. A poet, sculptor, and model, she literally embodied the avant-garde dada movement in New York from 1913-1923. During her sojourns in Berlin, Munich, New York, and Paris, she shocked viewers with her performances and adornments such as a tomato can bra, teaspoon earrings, and black lipstick. She erased the boundaries between life and art, the everyday and the outrageous, and the creative and the dangerous. Her performances prefigured feminist body art and performance art by nearly half a century. In the 21st century she has come into her own with an international come-back.
Content and distribution of lignans in Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata
Authors: Tsao Nai-Wen , Sun Ying-Hsuan , Chien Shih-Chang , Chu Fang-Hua , Chang Shang-Tzen , Kuo Yueh-Hsiung , Wang Sheng-Yang 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Taiwania (Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata) is one of the economically important tree species indigenous to Taiwan. Hundreds of secondary metabolites have been identified from its wood, bark, root, and needles with lignans as the dominant ones. This substance group contributes a lot to the color, durability, and bioactivities of Taiwaniana. The present paper is dedicated to the quantification of radial and longitudinal lignan distribution. The extractives begin to accumulate largely in the transition zone (TZ), and reach a maximum after finishing the heartwood (hW) formation. Both dibenzyl-γ-butyrolactone type and arylnaphthalide type lignans were found in sapwood (sW) except for the compound taiwanin A. Clearly, the heartwood formation of Taiwania differs from the hitherto known hW formation types and it is suggested to be denominated as Taiwania-type hW formation, where the biosynthesis of extractives begins in the sW and where their accumulation is clearly elevated in the TZ. A generalized biosynthesis scheme of Taiwanin is presented showing the putative relationships among the most important dimeric lignans that lead to the formation of taiwanin type lignans.
Network Externalities and Efficient Capacity Commitment / Netzwerkexternalitäten und effiziente Kapazitätsbindung
Authors: Thum Marcel 
Published: May 2016

Summary
This paper shows - in contrast to the literature on excess capacity - that capacity commitment can improve market allocations, if network externalities are present. Intertemporal network externalities can lead to a large degree of misallocation in simple markets. However, the attempt of firms to appropriate the potential surplus from standardization generates new market strategies as e.g. capacity commitment that can mitigate the standardization problem. In this context, capacity does not incorporate the detrimental effects stated in the excess capacity literature, but guarantees the functioning of markets in the interest of collective rationality. The relevance of this strategy in markets with network externalities is illustrated by the emergence of VCR standards.
The Suitability of the European Merger Control System: An Analysis of Five Years of Application / Die Eignung des europäischen Fusionskontrollsystems zur Erfassung wettbewerbswidriger Zusammenschlüsse: Eine Analyse von fünf Jahren Anwendungspraxis
Authors: Schmidt Ingo L. O. 
Published: May 2016

Summary
On September 21, 1990 the European Merger Control System became effective. The author discusses three problems that have arisen in the European debate on establishing a supra-national merger control, namely, the question of:
- turnover thresholds to institute control proceedings,
- purely competitive or a mixed competitive-industrial policy criterion a la France to take action against anti-competitive mergers, and
- residual national jurisdiction should a national market dominant position be created rather than a Community-wide restraint of trade.
Finally, the author tries to evaluate the decisions taken by the European Commission up to the end of 1995 and proposes institutional changes in the merger control system, as the workability of the existing system can only be improved by making use of institutional economics.
Testing Wagner’s Law for Germany: An Exercise in Applied Time Series Analysis / Gilt das Wagner’sehe Gesetz für Deutschland? Eine Übung in angewandter Zeitreihenanalyse
Authors: Hayo Bernd 
Published: May 2016

Summary
This paper tests for Wagner’s Law in Germany over the period 1960 to 1993, using quarterly data. The hypothesis is specified as the elasticity of the share of the state sector in GNP with respect to real GNP per capita. After testing for integration and cointegration, the elasticity has been estimated alternatively under the assumption of stationarity (ADL-model) and nonstationarity (single equation and system methods for estimating the cointegrating vector) of the series. The elasticity appears to be significantly greater than zero, its size being between 0.35 and 1.57, with some indication that it is around unity. Thus, this study shows evidence of Wagner’s Law for Germany over the investigated period.
Können Produzenten Interesse an einer Verbrauchsteuer auf ihr Produkt haben? / Can Producers Benefit from an Excise Tax on their Product?
Authors: Feuerstein Switgard 
Published: May 2016

Zusammenfassung
Mit Beginn des Europäischen Binnenmarktes 1993 wurden in Deutschland alle sogenannten kleinen Verbrauchsteuern außer der Kaffeesteuer abgeschafft. Bemerkenswert ist, daß sich die deutsche Kaffeeindustrie ausdrücklich für die Beibehaltung der Kaffeesteuer ausgesprochen hat. In dem vorliegenden Aufsatz wird zunächst die Diskussion um die Kaffeesteuer skizziert. Anschließend wird die Möglichkeit, daß eine spezielle Verbrauchsteuer die Gewinne der Produzenten erhöhen kann, anhand eines Oligopolmodells mit differenzierten Produkten aufgezeigt.
Die politische Rolle der amtlichen Statistik in der ehemaligen DDR / The Political Role of the Central Statistical Office of the Former GDR
Authors: Lippe Peter von der 
Published: May 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag berichtet über die Ergebnisse eines Gutachtens, das der Verfasser im Herbst 1993 für die Enquete Kommission „Aufarbeitung von Geschichte und Folgen der SED-Diktatur in Deutschland“ des Deutschen Bundestages geschrieben hatte. Mit bisher nicht zugänglichen Akten im Archiv der Staatlichen Zentralverwaltung für Statistik (SZS) konnte erstmals dokumentiert werden, wie stark, und ins Detail gehend, die SZS dirigiert wurde vom ZK der SED. Sie spielte danach auch eine wichtige Rolle als Propagandainstrument. Anders als bisher meist angenommen, sind vermutlich sogar Fälschungen vorgekommen. So wurden zumindest die an internationale Organisationen zu liefernden Daten über den Außenhandel mit dem Westen nachträglich zum Vorteil der DDR „korrigiert“. Westdeutsche DDR-Experten hatten dies meist nicht durchschaut. Es wäre zu begrüßen, wenn man infolge dieser Erfahrungen den Wert unabhängiger statistischer Ämter höher schätzen würde.