bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oligoasthenozoospermia is alleviated in a mouse model by [Gly14]‐humanin‐mediated attenuation of oxidative stress and ferroptosis
Authors: Liu Yumeng , Feng Qiwen , Zou Liping , Zhu Changhong , Xia Wei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundOligoasthenozoospermia is a common cause of male infertility, for which effective treatments are urgently needed. Humanin (HN) is a peptide associated with this condition.ObjectivesTo investigate the ameliorative effect of [Gly14]‐Humanin (HNG) on oligoasthenozoospermia and the mechanisms.Materials and methodsMice were treated with cyclophosphamide (CP) to construct a mice model of oligoasthenozoospermia. The resulting model mice were treated with saline or HNG. Subsequently, the testis weights, organ indices, testicular structure, sperm counts and motilities, litter sizes, and serum testosterone concentrations of the mice were determined. Differential gene expression in testicular tissues was determined by RNA sequencing. TM3, TM4, GC1, and GC2 cells were exposed to erastin to induce ferroptosis, followed by treatment with HNG or HNG + ML385 (a nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 inhibitor). Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and ferrous ions (Fe2+) were determined and their expression of ferroptosis‐related proteins was determined by immunofluorescence and western blot.ResultsThe HNG treatment improved testis and sperm parameters and increased litter size and serum testosterone concentrations in model mice. Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis revealed significant differential expression of ferroptosis‐related genes. The expression of ferroptosis‐related proteins increased in testicular tissues after the HNG treatment. The concentrations of ROS, MDA, and Fe2+ decreased and the concentrations of GSH increased in testicular tissues and in TM3 and TM4 cells after HNG treatment. In vitro experiments confirmed that HNG activated the nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2/glutathione peroxidase 4 (Nrf2/GPX4) pathway. However, these effects of HNG were blocked by ML385 treatment.Discussion and conclusionHNG demonstrated a therapeutic effect on oligoasthenozoospermia in a mouse model by reducing oxidative stress and ferroptosis. In TM3 and TM4 cells, HNG attenuated cellular oxidative stress and inhibited ferroptosis via the Nrf2/GPX4 pathway.
Recurrence of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and De Novo Cholangiocarcinoma After Liver Transplantation: Results From the Brazilian Cholestasis Consortium
Authors: Bittencourt Paulo Lisboa , Nardelli Mateus Jorge , Barros Luísa Leite , Cançado Guilherme Grossi Lopes , Cançado Eduardo Luiz Rachid , Terrabuio Débora Raquel Benedita , Villela‐Nogueira Cristiane Alves , Ferraz Maria Lucia Gomes , Codes Liana , Rotman Vivian , Rocco Rodrigo , Felga Guilherme Eduardo , Dotta Diogo Delgado , Martins Adrielly de Souza , Mendes Liliana Sampaio Costa , da Silva Marlone Cunha , Hyppolito Elodie Bonfim , Gomide Geisa Perez Medina , Signorelli Izabelle Venturini , de Oliveira Maria Beatriz , Ivantes Claudia Alexandra Pontes , Chindamo Maria Chiara , de Almeida e Borges Valéria Ferreira , Faria Luciana Costa , Couto Claudia Alves 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimPrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) has been shown to recur after liver transplantation (LT). Some studies have identified certain clinical and laboratory variables associated with an increased risk for recurrent PSC (rPSC) in Caucasians. Furthermore, de novo cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has been reported anecdotally in patients with rPSC. This study aims to assess the prevalence of rPSC, identify its associated risk factors, and investigate the occurrence of de novo CCA in a highly admixed population from Brazil.MethodsAll patients submitted to LT for PSC enrolled in the Brazilian Cholestasis Study Group database were retrospectively reviewed for the occurrence of rPSC and de novo CCA.ResultsNinety‐six (58 males, mean age 32 ± 13 years) patients with PSC underwent LT. After 90 (39–154) months of follow‐up (FU), rPSC was observed in 29 (30%) subjects. There were no significant associations between rPSC and age, gender, concurrent or de novo inflammatory bowel disease, MELD score at the time of LT or allograft rejection. The only factor associated with an increased risk of disease recurrence was time after LT. Although survival was decreased in patients who developed rPSC, this difference was not significant. Only one female patient developed de novo CCA after rPSC, 11 years after LT.ConclusionsRecurrent PSC was observed in one‐third of PSC LT patients in Brazil and was associated with longer time after LT. Despite its frequency, rPSC was not associated with a higher risk of graft loss or a significant reduction in posttransplant survival.
CAV Trajectories Among Patients With No or Mild CAV at 10 Years Posttransplant
Authors: Harris Erin , Prasad Nikil , Skoll Devin , Kumar Sambhavi Sneha , Fried Justin , Topkara Veli , Raikhelkar Jayant K. , DeFilippis Ersilia M. , Latif Farhana , Yuzefpolskaya Melana , Colombo Paolo C. , Uriel Nir , Takeda Koji , Sayer Gabriel T. , Clerkin Kevin J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality following heart transplantation (HT). Prior studies identified distinct CAV trajectories in the early post‐HT period with unique predictors, but the evolution of CAV in later periods is not well‐described. This study assessed the prevalence of late CAV progression and associated risk factors in HT recipients with ISHLT CAV 0/1 at 10 years post‐HT. Consecutive adult patients who underwent HT from January 2000 to December 2008 were evaluated and grouped by CAV trajectories into progressors (developed ISHLT CAV 2/3) or nonprogressors (remained ISHLT CAV 0/1). A total of 130 patients were included with a median age at angiography of 61.7 years and a median follow‐up time of 4.8 years. 8.5% progressed to CAV 2/3, while the remaining 91.5% were nonprogressors. Progression was not associated with death or retransplantation (27.3% [progressor] vs. 21.0% [nonprogressor], p = 0.70). These data may inform shared decision‐making about late CAV screening.
Persistently Low IgG2 Levels in a Subset of Patients Following Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Authors: Fuji Shigeo , Suga Makiko , Tada Yuma , Shingai Yasuhiro , Kasahara Hidenori , Yuda Sayako , Yokota Takafumi , Ishikawa Jun 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundInfectious diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Secondary hypogammaglobulinemia is a risk factor for infectious diseases. Total immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels and the history of infectious diseases are an integral part of determining the indication for immunoglobulin replacement therapy. The clinical significance of IgG2 levels is not well established. Guidelines recommend using pathogen‐specific IgG to evaluate patients with potential secondary immunodeficiency. However, it is difficult in practice to perform such testing. IgG2 may correlate well with pathogen‐specific IgG but the clinical significance of IgG2 is not well established.MethodsTo assess the prevalence of low IgG2 levels with normal IgG after HCT, we cross‐sectionally measured the levels of several immunoglobulins, including IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgG2, after HCT, and we assessed the correlation between them.ResultsAmong 121 patients who underwent cross‐sectional measurements of IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgG2 levels after HCT, 114 had normal IgG2 levels (normal IgG2 group, ≥ 100 mg/dL) and 7 had low IgG2 levels (low IgG2 group, < 100 mg/dL). These 7 patients were allogeneic HCT recipients. All 7 patients with low IgG2 had cGVHD and 4/7 patients had normal total IgG levels.ConclusionIgG2 levels may be low even in patients with normal IgG levels years after allogeneic HCT. Therefore, our study suggests that when patients develop infectious diseases, especially multiple episodes, it is recommended to measure IgG2 levels to exclude the possibility of secondary hypogammaglobulinemia after allogeneic HCT.
Efficacy and safety of cofrogliptin once every 2 weeks in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, phase 3 trial
Authors: Gao Leili , Bian Fang , Pan Tianrong , Jiang Hongwei , Feng Bo , Jiang Chengxia , Sun Jia , Xiao Jianzhong , Yan Pangke , Ji Linong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimWe conducted a multicentre, randomized phase 3 trial in China to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cofrogliptin (HSK7653), a novel long‐acting dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor, in patients with drug‐naïve type 2 diabetes (T2D).Materials and MethodsPatients with inadequately controlled T2D were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to cofrogliptin 10 mg, cofrogliptin 25 mg or placebo, taken orally once every 2 weeks for a 24‐week double‐blind period. Eligible patients then received cofrogliptin 25 mg in a 28‐week open‐label extension. The primary endpoint was the change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) from baseline to week 24.ResultsIn total, 475 patients (median age: 54.0 years) were randomized and received at least one dose of cofrogliptin 10 mg (n = 158), cofrogliptin 25 mg (n = 158) or placebo (n = 159); 401 patients entered the open‐label extension. At week 24, the least‐squares (LS) mean difference (95% confidence interval [CI]) in HbA1c versus placebo was −0.63% (−0.81, −0.46) with cofrogliptin 10 mg and −0.59% (−0.77, −0.42) with cofrogliptin 25 mg (both p < 0.0001). The LS mean (standard error) change in HbA1c from baseline was maintained at the end of the study in patients given open‐label cofrogliptin 25 mg for an additional 28 weeks: cofrogliptin 10 mg: −0.86% (0.07); cofrogliptin 25 mg: −0.74% (0.07); placebo: −0.89% (0.07). Over the entire study, common adverse events were hyperuricaemia, hyperlipidaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, increased lipase, upper respiratory tract infection and urinary tract infection. Hypoglycaemic events did not significantly differ between groups.ConclusionsCofrogliptin provided glycaemic control over 52 weeks and was generally well tolerated in patients with T2D.Clinical Trial RegistrationRegistered on Clinicaltrials.gov with the registration number NCT04556851 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04556851).
Landscape Heterogeneity and Environmental Dynamics Improve Predictions of Establishment Success of Colonising Small Founding Populations
Authors: Pili Arman N. , Schumaker Nathan H. , Camacho‐Cervantes Morelia , Tingley Reid , Chapple David G. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn long‐distance dispersal events, colonising species typically begin with a small number of founding individuals. A growing body of research suggests that establishment success of small founding populations can be determined by the context of the colonisation event and the new environment. Here, we illuminate the importance of these sources of context dependence. Using a spatially explicit, temporally dynamic, mechanistic, individual‐based simulator of a model amphibian species, the cane toad (Rhinella marina), we simulated colonisation scenarios to investigate how (1) the number of founding individuals, (2) the number of dispersal events, (3) landscape's spatial composition and configuration of habitats (‘spatially heterogeneous landscapes’) and (4) the timing of arrival with regards to dynamic environmental conditions (‘dynamic environmental conditions’) influence the establishment success of small founding populations. We analysed the dynamic effects of these predictors on establishment success using running‐window logistic regression models. We showed establishment success increases with the number of founding individuals, whereas the number of dispersal events had a weak effect. At ≥ 20 founding individuals, propagule size swamps the effects of other factors, to whereby establishment success is near‐certain (≥ 90%). But below this level, confidence in establishment success dramatically decreases as number of founding individuals decreases. At low numbers of founding individuals, the prominent predictors are landscape spatial heterogeneity and dynamic environmental conditions. For instance, compared to the annual mean, founding populations with ≤ 5 individuals have up to 18% higher establishment success when they arrive in ‘packed’ landscapes with relatively limited and clustered essential habitats and right before the breeding season. Accounting for landscape spatial heterogeneity and dynamic environmental conditions is integral in understanding and predicting population establishment and species colonisation. This additional complexity is necessary for advancing biogeographical theory and its application, such as in guiding species reintroduction efforts and invasive alien species management.
Efficacy of Tegoprazan‐Containing Sequential Eradication Treatment Compared to Esomeprazole‐Containing Sequential Eradication of Helicobacter pylori in South Korea, a Region With High Antimicrobial Resistance: A Prospective, Randomized, Single Tertiary Center Study
Authors: Lee Jung Won , Kim Nayoung , Lee Jongchan , Jo So Young , Lee Dong Ho 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTreatment with potassium‐competitive acid blockers has shown acceptable efficacy in Helicobacter pylori eradication. In regions like Korea, where the clarithromycin resistance rate is high, alternative combinations like non‐bismuth quadruple therapies have shown favorable results. This study compared the outcomes of sequential eradication therapy with new potassium‐competitive acid blocker tegoprazan and conventional esomeprazole‐containing sequential therapy.Materials and MethodsPatients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection were consecutively recruited. Patients were allocated to either an esomeprazole‐containing sequential or a tegoprazan‐containing sequential therapy group. Sequential therapy comprised esomeprazole (40 mg) or tegoprazan (50 mg) plus amoxicillin (1000 mg) twice daily for the initial 5 days, followed by esomeprazole (40 mg) or tegoprazan (50 mg) with clarithromycin (500 mg) and metronidazole (500 mg) twice daily for the remaining 5 days. Eradication rate, compliance, and adverse events were recorded.ResultsA total of 406 patients with H. pylori infection were enrolled in the trial and analyzed per protocol. Eradication rate by intention‐to‐treat and per‐protocol was 83.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 78.7–88.9) for esomeprazole‐containing sequential therapy, and 87.1% (95% CI: 82.5–91.8) for tegoprazan‐containing sequential therapy, with no statistical significance (p = 0.399). Additionally, there was no statistically significant difference in treatment compliance between the two groups. Nausea was more prevalent (23.3%, 27/202) with sequential tegoprazans than with esomeprazole‐containing sequential therapy (14.2%, 29/204; p = 0.022).ConclusionTegoprazan‐containing 10‐day sequential eradication treatment demonstrated similar eradication efficacy compared to esomeprazole‐containing treatment, even in regions with high antimicrobial resistance, such as Korea.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06382493
Reversible photochromism and photoluminescence modulation in (K,Na)NbO3‐based ceramics via oxygen vacancy regulation
Authors: Yang Bin , Zhang Tao , Zhang Hejin , Irshad Muhammad Sultan , Guo Jinming 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMost of the optical behaviors in photoelectric multifunctional ceramics strongly depend on the addition of rare‐earth elements. However, the limited species of rare‐earth cations available as luminescence centers restrict the further development of photoelectric devices. Additionally, introducing the large atomic‐radii elements usually dramatically deteriorates the piezoelectric properties. Herein, the novel photochromism and luminescence modulation properties have been realized in CuO‐doped [(K0.43Na0.57)0.94Li0.06][(Nb0.94Sb0.06)0.95Ta0.05]O3 (KNLNST) piezoelectric ceramics which show intense sensitivity to visible‐light irradiation. As a strategy for regulating oxygen vacancy concentrations in piezoelectric ceramics, different CuO amounts are doped to generate color centers for photochromism. The photoluminescence phenomenon exhibiting green emission under 375 nm excitation is observed in KNLNST piezoelectric ceramics, which is most commonly realized via rare‐earth doping in luminescent materials. KNLNST–0.3CuO ceramics with the highest oxygen vacancy concentration achieve a reversible luminescence modulation of 46.9% by altering light irradiation and thermal stimulus. Moreover, a hand‐rewritable optical information test demonstrates exceptional reproducibility and fatigue durability. This research displays the controllable photochromism and luminescence behaviors in ceramics via regulating oxygen vacancy concentration by CuO “hard” doping. The lead‐free high performance photoelectric ceramics fulfill the demands of potential applications in anti‐counterfeiting and optical storage devices.
A controlled study: Evaluating the clinical impact of a nurse‐centred multidisciplinary hospice care model on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in patients with advanced malignant tumours
Authors: Liu Xueshuang , Kang Jing , Lv Jie , Ding Shu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the clinical effect of a nurse‐centred multidisciplinary collaborative hospice care model in patients with advanced malignant tumours.MethodsA total of 30 patients with advanced malignant tumours were hospitalised and randomly divided into a study group and a control group, each consisting of 15 cases. The study group received nurse‐led multidisciplinary collaborative hospice care, whereas the control group underwent high‐quality nursing intervention. Variables such as the self‐rating anxiety scale (SAS) score, self‐rating depression scale (SDS) score, quality of life scale (EORTC QLQ‐C30) score, patient happiness, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.ResultsPost‐intervention, the SAS and SDS scores in the study group were lower than those in the control group (p < 0.01). The overall quality of life score of the study group was higher than that of the control group (p < 0.01). The Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness scores in the study group also surpassed those of the control group (p < 0.01). Additionally, nursing satisfaction in the study group exceeded that of the control group (p = 0.027).ConclusionThe nurse‐led multidisciplinary collaborative hospice care model substantially alleviated negative emotions among patients, effectively improved their quality of life and happiness, and garnered positive evaluations of nursing satisfaction.
The financial impact of participant attrition from randomised trials: a case‐study from the Occupational Therapist Intervention Study (OTIS)
Authors: Gkekas Athanasios , Ronaldson Sarah , Parker Adwoa , Torgerson David 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRationaleLoss to follow‐up of participants can compromise the statistical validity of randomised trials. Moreover, it can have financial consequences for trial teams and funders. This study explores the Occupational Therapist Intervention Study (OTIS) where, despite a withdrawal rate of less than 10%, the trial team incurred opportunity costs related to participants who were initially recruited but subsequently decided to withdraw from the trial.Aims and ObjectivesTo estimate the cost of participant losses to follow‐up in the OTIS trial and thus introduce a costing framework to research teams on how they could estimate the opportunity costs of participant withdrawal from their randomised trials.MethodsThe participants lost to follow‐up are differentiated by (1) the time point at which they were lost to follow‐up; (2) the treatment group they were allocated to; (3) their response patters to follow‐up questionnaires; these elements were considered to identify the relevant types of attrition. Protocol‐driven costs of trial materials, including administration, print, and shipping, were gathered. We calculated unit costs for each type of attrition by multiplying protocol‐driven and intervention costs with the relevant number of participants. Summing up unit costs by type of loss to follow‐up yields aggregate figures, enabling the estimation of aggregate and average opportunity costs of attrition.ResultsThe average cost per participant loss to follow‐up in the OTIS trial is £93.39. The aggregate cost of participant loss to follow‐up is £9,712.45 from the economic perspective of the trial team. Therefore, 1.35% of the allocated funding has been misallocated because of participant loss to follow‐up.ConclusionDespite the low attrition rate of the OTIS trial, loss to follow‐up has still generated considerable opportunity costs. It is recommended that decision makers focus on identifying strategies which could improve participant retention in randomised trials to optimise their budget.
Fatherhood in the context of preterm birth: A narrative review of contemporary research evidence
Authors: Le Driant Barbara , Hamon Emeline 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLong focused on maternal roles in infancy, research is now exploring fathers' contributions to child development. Current public policy emphasizes early prevention and intervention for child and parent well‐being, especially for at‐risk infants such as those born prematurely. A literature review was conducted following the approach of a narrative review, to examine fatherhood in the context of preterm birth, highlighting the stress and emotional vulnerability experienced by fathers of preterm infants. Promoting early paternal presence and involvement in infant care helps fathers cope with this emotionally challenging experience. Despite limited data on premature fatherhood, fathers are active partners in dyadic interactions and play a significant role in their infant's neonatal intensive care unit journey and family dynamics. The discussion underscores the importance of father‐focused interventions and the paternal contribution to child development, framed within the authors' proposed integrative and developmental model of the family triad.
TaWRKY55–TaPLATZ2 module negatively regulate saline–alkali stress tolerance in wheat
Authors: Wei Lin , Ren Xinman , Qin Lumin , Zhang Rong , Cui Minghan , Xia Guangmin , Liu Shuwei 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTSaline–alkaline soils are a major environmental problem that limit plant growth and crop productivity. Plasma membrane H+‐ATPases and the salt overly sensitive (SOS) signaling pathway play important roles in plant responses to saline–alkali stress. However, little is known about the functional genes and mechanisms regulating the transcription of H+‐ATPases and SOS pathway genes under saline–alkali stress. In the present study, we identified that the plant AT‐rich sequence and zinc‐binding (TaPLATZ2) transcription factor are involved in wheat response to saline–alkali stress by directly suppressing the expression of TaHA2/TaSOS3. The knockdown of TaPLATZ2 enhances salt and alkali stress tolerance, while overexpression of TaPLATZ2 leads to salt and alkali stress sensitivity in wheat. In addition, TaWRKY55 directly upregulated the expression of TaPLATZ2 during saline–alkali stress. Through knockdown and overexpression of TaWRKY55 in wheat, TaWRKY55 was shown to negatively modulate salt and alkali stress tolerance. Genetic analyses confirmed that TaPLATZ2 functions downstream of TaWRKY55 in response to salt and alkaline stresses. These findings provide a TaWRKY55–TaPLATZ2–TaHA2/TaSOS3 regulatory module that regulates wheat responses to saline–alkali stress.