bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-degree atrioventricular block complicating ST segment elevation myocardial infarction in the contemporary era
Authors: Auffret Vincent , Loirat Aurélie , Leurent Guillaume , Martins Raphael P , Filippi Emmanuelle , Coudert Isabelle , Hacot Jean Philippe , Gilard Martine , Castellant Philippe , Rialan Antoine , Delaunay Régis , Rouault Gilles , Druelles Philippe , Boulanger Bertrand , Treuil Josiane , Avez Bertrand , Bedossa Marc , Boulmier Dominique , Le Guellec Marielle , Daubert Jean-Claude , Le Breton Hervé 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundHigh-degree atrioventricular block (HAVB) is a common complication of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). HAVB in STEMI is historically considered as a marker of worse outcome but overall data about HAVB in the contemporary era of mechanical reperfusion and potent antiplatelet therapies are scarce.AimAnalysing incidence, clinical correlates and impact on inhospital outcomes of HAVB in a large prospective registry (Observatoire Régional Breton sur l'Infarctus, ORBI) of modern management of STEMI with a special focus on potential differences between patients with HAVB on admission and those who developed HAVB during hospitalisation.MethodsAll patients enrolled in ORBI between June 2006 and December 2013 were included in the present analysis and were divided into 3 groups: patients without HAVB at any time, patients with HAVB on admission and those who developed HAVB during hospitalisation.ResultsA total of 6662 patients (age: 62.0 (52.0–74.0) years; male: 76.3%) were included in the present analysis. HAVB was documented in 3.5% of patients, present on admission in 63.7% of patients and occurring during hospitalisation in 36.3%. Patients with HAVB on admission or occurring during the first 24 h of hospitalisation had higher inhospital mortality rates (18.1% and 28.6%, respectively) than patients without (4.5%) or with HAVB occurring beyond the first 24 h of hospitalisation (8.0%). However by multivariable analysis, HAVB was not independently associated with inhospital mortality contrarily to age, presentation as cardiac arrest, anterior STEMI location, reperfusion therapy, cardiogenic shock, mechanical ventilation and occurrence of sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias or mechanical complication.ConclusionsPatients with HAVB had a higher mortality rate than patients without. However HAVB is not an independent predictor of inhospital mortality.
Reaching the poor with health interventions: programme-incidence analysis of seven randomised trials of women's groups to reduce newborn mortality in Asia and Africa
Authors: Houweling Tanja A J , Morrison Joanna , Alcock Glyn , Azad Kishwar , Das Sushmita , Hossen Munir , Kuddus Abdul , Lewycka Sonia , Looman Caspar W , Magar Bharat Budhathoki , Manandhar Dharma S , Akter Mahfuza , Dube Albert Lazarous Nkhata , Rath Shibanand , Saville Naomi , Sen Aman , Tripathy Prasanta , Costello Anthony 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundEfforts to end preventable newborn deaths will fail if the poor are not reached with effective interventions. To understand what works to reach vulnerable groups, we describe and explain the uptake of a highly effective community-based newborn health intervention across social strata in Asia and Africa.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of seven randomised trials of participatory women's groups to reduce newborn mortality in India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Malawi. We analysed data on 70 574 pregnancies. Socioeconomic and sociodemographic differences in group attendance were tested using logistic regression. Qualitative data were collected at each trial site (225 focus groups, 20 interviews) to understand our results.ResultsSocioeconomic differences in women's group attendance were small, except for occasional lower attendance by elites. Sociodemographic differences were large, with lower attendance by young primigravid women in African as well as in South Asian sites. The intervention was considered relevant and interesting to all socioeconomic groups. Local facilitators ensured inclusion of poorer women. Embarrassment and family constraints on movement outside the home restricted attendance among primigravid women. Reproductive health discussions were perceived as inappropriate for them.ConclusionsCommunity-based women's groups can help to reach every newborn with effective interventions. Equitable intervention uptake is enhanced when facilitators actively encourage all women to attend, organise meetings at the participants’ convenience and use approaches that are easily understandable for the less educated. Focused efforts to include primigravid women are necessary, working with families and communities to decrease social taboos.
Age-specific performance of careHPV versus Papanicolaou and visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid testing in a primary cervical cancer screening
Authors: Labani Satyanarayana , Asthana Smita 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is recommended as a primary screening tool for cervical screening. Assessment of age-specific performance of newer HPV careHPV DNA testing is important as risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) varies at different ages. We aim to evaluatecareHPV in comparison to Papanicolaou (Pap) test and visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA) cervical screening tests for the detection of high-grade CIN.MethodsThe cross sectional study was conducted in a rural population of North India. Ever-married women 30–59 years of age were invited for screening by careHPV (self-collected vaginal and physician-collected cervical samples), Pap test and VIA. Associations for trend in age for detecting histological-confirmed CINII+ and CINIII+ for each screening test were evaluated. Age-specific association with each screening test was evaluated.ResultsOf a total of 7761 women invited, 5032 were screened and analysis was performed on 4658 with all screen test results. No significant (p>0.05) association of age for any screening test in the detection of CINII+ or CINIII+ was observed. For the older age group, cervical HPV (CHPV) showed high sensitivity and specificity for CINII+ detection. Specificity of CHPV or vaginal HPV (VHPV) was equal or higher than Pap in all age groups.ConclusionsCervical screening options of CHPV or VHPV, or Pap, performed equally in the younger age group while CHPV might be an option for all ages in the detection of high-grade CIN.
SIRT1-Activating Compounds (STAC) Negatively Regulate Pancreatic Cancer Cell Growth and Viability Through a SIRT1 Lysosomal-Dependent Pathway
Authors: Chini Claudia C.S. , Espindola-Netto Jair M. , Mondal Gourish , Guerrico Anatilde M. Gonzalez , Nin Veronica , Escande Carlos , Sola-Penna Mauro , Zhang Jin-San , Billadeau Daniel D. , Chini Eduardo N. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPurpose: Recent studies suggest that SIRT1-activating compounds (STAC) are a promising class of anticancer drugs, although their mechanism of action remains elusive. The main goal of this study is to determine the role of STACs as a potential therapy for pancreatic cancer. In addition, we also explored the mechanism by which these compounds affect pancreatic cancer.Experimental design: Using in vitro (cell culture experiments) and in vivo (xenograft experiments) approaches, we studied the role of SIRT1 agonists (STAC) in human pancreatic cancer cell viability and growth.Results: We show that SIRT1 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer cells and that the STACs SRT1720, SRT1460, and SRT3025 inhibited cell growth and survival of pancreatic cancer cells. STACs enhanced the sensitivity of pancreatic cells to gemcitabine and paclitaxel, indicating that these drugs could be used in combination with other chemotherapy drugs. We also show that STACs were very effective in inhibiting tumor xenograft growth. In mechanistic studies, we observed that STACs activated a SIRT1 lysosomal–dependent cell death. Furthermore, the effect of STACs on cell viability was also dependent on the expression of the endogenous SIRT1 inhibitor DBC1.Conclusions: Taken together, our results reveal an essential role for SIRT1 and lysosomes in the death pathway regulated by STACs in pancreatic cancer cells. Clin Cancer Res; 22(10); 2496–507. ©2015 AACR.
T1 Mapping in Discrimination of Hypertrophic Phenotypes: Hypertensive Heart Disease and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Hinojar Rocio , Varma Niharika , Child Nick , Goodman Benjamin , Jabbour Andrew , Yu Chung-Yao , Gebker Rolf , Doltra Adelina , Kelle Sebastian , Khan Sitara , Rogers Toby , Arroyo Ucar Eduardo , Cummins Ciara , Carr-White Gerald , Nagel Eike , Puntmann Valentina O. 
Published: December 2015

Background—
The differential diagnosis of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy remains challenging in clinical practice, in particular, between hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and increased LV wall thickness because of systemic hypertension. Diffuse myocardial disease is a characteristic feature in HCM, and an early manifestation of sarcomere–gene mutations in subexpressed family members (G+P− subjects). This study aimed to investigate whether detecting diffuse myocardial disease by T1 mapping can discriminate between HCM versus hypertensive heart disease as well as to detect genetically driven interstitial changes in the G+P− subjects.

Methods and Results—

Patients with diagnoses of HCM or hypertension (HCM, n=95; hypertension, n=69) and G+P− subjects (n=23) underwent a clinical cardiovascular magnetic resonance protocol (3 tesla) for cardiac volumes, function, and scar imaging. T1 mapping was performed before and >20 minutes after administration of 0.2 mmol/kg of gadobutrol. Native T1 and extracellular volume fraction were significantly higher in HCM compared with patients with hypertension (
P
<0.0001), including in subgroup comparisons of HCM subjects without evidence of late gadolinium enhancement, as well as of hypertensive patients LV wall thickness of >15 mm (
P
<0.0001). Compared with controls, native T1 was significantly higher in G+P− subjects (
P
<0.0001) and 65% of G+P− subjects had a native T1 value >2 SD above the mean of the normal range. Native T1 was an independent discriminator between HCM and hypertension, over and above extracellular volume fraction, LV wall thickness and indexed LV mass. Native T1 was also useful in separating G+P− subjects from controls.

Conclusions—
Native T1 may be applied to discriminate between HCM and hypertensive heart disease and detect early changes in G+P− subjects.
Acute Kidney Injury Risk Prediction in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography in a National Veterans Health Administration Cohort With External Validation
Authors: Brown Jeremiah R. , MacKenzie Todd A. , Maddox Thomas M. , Fly James , Tsai Thomas T. , Plomondon Mary E. , Nielson Christopher D. , Siew Edward D. , Resnic Frederic S. , Baker Clifton R. , Rumsfeld John S. , Matheny Michael E. 
Published: December 2015

Background

Acute kidney injury (
AKI
) occurs frequently after cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention. Although a clinical risk model exists for percutaneous coronary intervention, no models exist for both procedures, nor do existing models account for risk factors prior to the index admission. We aimed to develop such a model for use in prospective automated surveillance programs in the Veterans Health Administration.

Methods and Results

We collected data on all patients undergoing cardiac catheterization or percutaneous coronary intervention in the Veterans Health Administration from January 01, 2009 to September 30, 2013, excluding patients with chronic dialysis, end‐stage renal disease, renal transplant, and missing pre‐ and postprocedural creatinine measurement. We used 4
AKI
definitions in model development and included risk factors from up to 1 year prior to the procedure and at presentation. We developed our prediction models for postprocedural
AKI
using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (
LASSO
) and internally validated using bootstrapping. We developed models using 115 633 angiogram procedures and externally validated using 27 905 procedures from a New England cohort. Models had cross‐validated C‐statistics of 0.74 (95%
CI
: 0.74–0.75) for
AKI
, 0.83 (95%
CI
: 0.82–0.84) for
AKIN
2, 0.74 (95%
CI
: 0.74–0.75) for contrast‐induced nephropathy, and 0.89 (95%
CI
: 0.87–0.90) for dialysis.

Conclusions

We developed a robust, externally validated clinical prediction model for
AKI
following cardiac catheterization or percutaneous coronary intervention to automatically identify high‐risk patients before and immediately after a procedure in the Veterans Health Administration. Work is ongoing to incorporate these models into routine clinical practice.
Association of Leukoaraiosis With Convalescent Rehabilitation Outcome in Patients With Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Senda Joe , Ito Keiichi , Kotake Tomomitsu , Kanamori Masahiko , Kishimoto Hideo , Kadono Izumi , Suzuki Yoshiro , Katsuno Masahisa , Nishida Yoshihiro , Ishiguro Naoki , Sobue Gen 
Published: December 2015

Background and Purpose—
We investigated the factors influencing inpatient convalescent rehabilitation outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke, particularly severity of leukoaraiosis on magnetic resonance imaging.

Methods—
Participants included 520 patients with ischemic stroke (317 men and 203 women; mean age, 72.8±8.4 years) who were transferred from acute care hospitals for inpatient convalescent rehabilitation. Ischemic stroke subtypes included lacunar infarction (n=41), atherothrombosis (n=223), artery-to-artery embolism (n=67), cardiogenic embolism (n=97), undetermined embolism (n=76), and uncategorized ischemic stroke (n=16). Leukoaraiosis was graded according to periventricular hyperintensity (PVH) and deep white matter hyperintensity on magnetic resonance imaging. Functional Independence Measure scores were assessed on admission and at discharge.

Results—

Multiple regression analysis revealed that rehabilitation outcomes, measured as total Functional Independence Measure scores, were significantly associated with leukoaraiosis estimated by PVH grade. This association was observed after adjustment for factors such as severity, age, and poststroke history. In all patients, PVH grades were associated with Functional Independence Measure motor scores (
P
<0.001), whereas in patients with artery-to-artery embolism or cardiogenic embolism and deep white matter hyperintensity grades were associated with Functional Independence Measure cognitive scores (
P
<0.05).

Conclusions—
Our study revealed that the degree of leukoaraiosis was associated with inpatient convalescent rehabilitation outcome in patients with ischemic stroke. Furthermore, the PVH grade was associated with motor function outcome, whereas the deep white matter hyperintensity grade correlated with cognitive function outcome, likely because the progression patterns and anatomic backgrounds of PVH and deep white matter hyperintensity differ according to ischemic stroke subtype.
Impact of Glucose on Outcomes in Patients Treated With Mechanical Thrombectomy
Authors: Kim Joon-Tae , Jahan Reza , Saver Jeffrey L. ,   for the SWIFT Investigators
Published: December 2015

Background and Purpose—
Sparse data are available regarding the association between hyperglycemia and outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients receiving mechanical thrombectomy (MT). We investigated whether hyperglycemia affected the outcomes of subjects treated with MT in the Solitaire Flow Restoration With the Intention for Thrombectomy (SWIFT) multicenter randomized trial, overall and according to reperfusion status after MT.

Methods—
We analyzed the relationships between the presenting glucose level as a continuous variable and presenting hyperglycemia (>140 mg/dL glucose) as a binary variable and several outcomes of interest. Subjects were stratified according to the completeness of reperfusion (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Ischemia scale 3 versus 0–2) after MT. Excellent outcome at 3 months was defined as a modified Rankin scale score of 0–1.

Results—

Among all patients undergoing MT, patients with hyperglycemia less frequently exhibited an excellent outcome at 3 months than patients without hyperglycemia, 13% versus 34%;
P
=0.01. Presenting glucose levels did not differ among patients achieving complete reperfusion and incomplete reperfusion. Among patients with incomplete reperfusion, after adjustment for covariates, higher glucose levels were independently associated with worse outcome at 3 months (per 10 mg/dL increase in glucose: odds ratio for modified Rankin scale score 0–1 at 3 months 0.58, 95% confidence interval 0.34–0.99;
P
=0.047). In contrast, among patients with complete reperfusion, differences in presenting glucose levels by final outcome did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusions—
In patients treated with MT, hyperglycemia was independently associated with worse outcome at 3 months, and the negative effects of hyperglycemia may have been exacerbated in patients with incomplete reperfusion after MT.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01054560.
Association Between CT Angiogram Collaterals and CT Perfusion in the Interventional Management of Stroke III Trial
Authors: Vagal Achala , Menon Bijoy K. , Foster Lydia D. , Livorine Anthony , Yeatts Sharon D. , Qazi Emmad , d’Esterre Chris , Shi Junzi , Demchuk Andrew M. , Hill Michael D. , Liebeskind David S. , Tomsick Thomas , Goyal Mayank 
Published: December 2015

Background and Purpose—
Collateral flow can determine ischemic core and tissue at risk. Using the Interventional Management of Stroke (IMS) III trial data, we explored the relationship between computed tomography angiogram (CTA) collateral status and CT perfusion (CTP) parameters.

Methods—
Baseline CTA collaterals were trichotomized as good, intermediate, and poor, and CTP studies were analyzed to quantify ischemic core, tissue at risk, and mismatch ratios. Kruskal–Wallis and Spearman tests were used to measure the strength of association and correlation between CTA collaterals and CTP parameters.

Results—

A total of 95 patients had diagnostic CTP studies in the IMS III trial. Of these, 53 patients had M1/M2 middle cerebral artery±intracranial internal carotid artery occlusion, where baseline CTA collateral grading was performed. CTA collaterals were associated with smaller CTP measured ischemic core volume (
P
=0.0078) and higher mismatch (
P
=0.0004). There was moderate negative correlation between collaterals and core (
r
s
=−0.45; 95% confidence interval, −0.64 to −0.20) and moderate positive correlation between collaterals and mismatch (
r
s
=0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.29–0.71).

Conclusion—
Better collaterals were associated with smaller ischemic core and higher mismatch in the IMS III trial. Collateral assessment and perfusion imaging identify the same biological construct about ischemic tissue sustenance.
Antidepressant Use Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Developing Microbleeds
Authors: Akoudad Saloua , Aarts Nikkie , Noordam Raymond , Ikram M. Arfan , Tiemeier Henning , Hofman Albert , Stricker Bruno H. , Vernooij Meike W. , Visser Loes E. 
Published: December 2015

Background and Purpose—
Serotonin-specific antidepressants may increase the risk of adverse bleeding events. In a previous cross-sectional study, we did not observe an association between antidepressant use and presence of subclinical cerebral bleedings. In this study, we investigated longitudinally whether antidepressant use is associated with an increased risk of new subclinical cerebral microbleeds.

Methods—
In total, 2559 participants aged ≥45 years of the population-based Rotterdam Study, all without microbleeds at baseline, underwent baseline and repeat brain magnetic resonance imaging between 2005 and 2013 (mean time interval, 3.9 years; SD, 0.5) to determine the incidence of microbleeds. Antidepressant use (yes versus no) was assessed between baseline and follow-up scan. In additional analyses, antidepressants were classified as low, intermediate, or high affinity for the serotonin transporter, and alternatively as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or non-selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. We used multivariable logistic regression models to investigate the association of antidepressants with incident microbleeds.

Results—
Antidepressant use was associated with a higher cerebral microbleed incidence (odds ratio, 2.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.31–3.76) than nonuse. When stratified by affinity for the serotonin transporter, intermediate serotonin affinity antidepressant use was associated with an increased risk of developing microbleeds (odds ratio, 3.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.53–6.17). Finally, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and non-selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use were both associated with increased microbleed incidence.

Conclusions—
Antidepressant use was associated with an increased risk of developing microbleeds. Our results may support findings from previous clinical studies about increased intracranial and extracranial bleeding risk in antidepressant users.
Gustaw Herling-Grudziński i legenda o krwi, czyli czy istnieje obowiązek bycia pisarzem żydowskim
Authors: Tokarska-Bakir Joanna 
Published: December 2015

Gustaw Herling-Grudziński and the blood libel, or is being a Jewish writer compulsoryThe article concerns Gustaw Herling-Grudziński’s medieval stories which explore the theme of blood libel. Despite Grudziński’s self-declared sympathy for the libel’s Jewish victims, his treatment of the theme is selective and only reflects the Christian perspective. The author then considers possible reasons for such deformation of Grudziński’s perception of the stories, locating them in oppression from the nation state, which denies a writer of Jewish origin the right to be at the same time a Polish writer.Gustaw Herling-Grudziński i legenda o krwi, czyli czy istnieje obowiązek bycia pisarzem żydowskimArtykuł dotyczy opowiadań średniowiecznych Gustawa Herlinga Grudzinskiego, w których pojawia się wątek legend o krwi. Mimo deklarowanej sympatii dla żydowskich ofiar legendy, oświetlany jest on wybiórczo, wyłącznie z chrześcijańskiego punktu widzenia. Autorka rozważa przyczyny, które mogły doprowadzić do podobnej deformacji ich recepcji, odnajdując je w opresji państwa narodowego, które pisarzowi pochodzenia żydowskiego nie pozwala być jednocześnie pisarzem polskim.