bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advocating a need for suitable breeding approaches to boost integrated pest management: a European perspective
Authors: Lamichhane Jay Ram , Arseniuk Edward , Boonekamp Piet , Czembor Jerzy , Decroocq Veronique , Enjalbert Jérome , Finckh Maria R , Korbin Małgorzata , Koppel Mati , Kudsk Per , Mesterhazy Akos , Sosnowska Danuta , Zimnoch‐Guzowska Ewa , Messéan Antoine 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCurrently, European farmers do not have access to sufficient numbers and diversity of crop species/varieties. This prevents them from designing cropping systems more resilient to abiotic and biotic stresses. Crop diversification is a key lever to reduce pest (pathogens, animal pests and weeds) pressures at all spatial levels from fields to landscapes. In this context, plant breeding should consist of: (1) increased efforts in the development of new or minor crop varieties to foster diversity in cropping systems, and (2) focus on more resilient varieties showing local adaptation. This new breeding paradigm, called here ‘breeding for integrated pest management (IPM)’, may boost IPM through the development of cultivars with tolerance or resistance to key pests, with the goal of reducing reliance on conventional pesticides. At the same time, this paradigm has legal and practical implications for future breeding programs, including those targeting sustainable agricultural systems. By putting these issues into the context, this article presents the key outcomes of a questionnaire survey and experts' views expressed during an EU workshop entitled ‘Breeding for IPM in sustainable agricultural systems’. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Herbicide resistance costs: what are we actually measuring and why?
Authors: Cousens Roger D , Fournier‐Level Alexandre 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDespite the considerable research efforts invested over the years to measure the fitness costs of herbicide resistance, these have rarely been used to inform a predictive theory about the fate of resistance once the herbicide is discontinued. One reason for this may be the reductive focus on relative fitness of two genotypes as a single measure of differential performance. Although the extent of variation in relative fitness between resistant and susceptible plants has not been assessed consistently, we know enough about plant physiology and ecology not to reduce it to a single fixed value. Research must therefore consider carefully the relevance of the experimental environment, the life stage and the choice of metric when measuring fitness‐related traits. The reason most often given for measuring the cost of resistance, prediction of the impacts of management options on population dynamics, cannot be addressed using arbitrary components of fitness or a fixed value of relative fitness. To inform management options, the measurement of traits that capture the relevant processes and the main causes of their variation are required. With an emphasis on the benefit of field experiments measured over multiple time points and seasons, we highlight examples of studies that have made significant advances in this direction. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Contrasting patterns of variation in weedy traits and unique crop features in divergent populations of US weedy rice (Oryza sativa sp.) in Arkansas and California
Authors: Kanapeckas Kimberly L , Tseng Te‐Ming , Vigueira Cynthia C , Ortiz Aida , Bridges William C , Burgos Nilda R , Fischer Albert J , Lawton‐Rauh Amy 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDWeed evolution from crops involves changes in key traits, but it is unclear how genetic and phenotypic variation contribute to weed diversification and productivity. Weedy rice is a conspecific weed of rice (Oryza sativa) worldwide. We used principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering to understand how morphologically and evolutionarily distinct US weedy rice populations persist in rice fields in different locations under contrasting management regimes. Further, we used a representative subset of 15 sequence‐tagged site fragments of expressed genes from global Oryza to assess genome‐wide sequence variation among populations.RESULTSCrop hull color and crop‐overlapping maturity dates plus awns, seed (panicle) shattering (> 50%), pigmented pericarp and stature variation (30.2% of total phenotypic variance) characterize genetically less diverse California weedy rice. By contrast, wild‐like hull color, seed shattering (> 50%) and stature differences (55.8% of total phenotypic variance) typify genetically diverse weedy rice ecotypes in Arkansas.CONCLUSIONRecent de‐domestication of weedy species – such as in California weedy rice – can involve trait combinations indistinguishable from the crop. This underscores the need for strict seed certification with genetic monitoring and proactive field inspection to prevent proliferation of weedy plant types. In established populations, tillage practice may affect weed diversity and persistence over time. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
New atomistic model of pyrrole with improved liquid state properties and structure
Authors: Macchiagodena Marina , Mancini Giordano , Pagliai Marco , Cardini Gianni , Barone Vincenzo 
Published: December 2017

AbstractStructural characterization of liquid pyrrole has been obtained by performing classical molecular dynamics simulations with a new parameterization of electrostatic interactions. Despite the relatively simple molecular structure of pyrrole, a correct and accurate representation of its intermolecular interactions in bulk phase is a challenging task, since these are affected at short range by the quadrupole–quadrupole term. This new parameterization permits not only to correctly describe the liquid structure but also to obtain macroscopic properties in excellent agreement with experiments.
System for CT‐guided needle placement in the thorax and abdomen: A design for clinical acceptability, applicability and usability
Authors: Arnolli Maarten M. , Buijze Martijn , Franken Michel , de Jong Koert P. , Brouwer Dannis M. , Broeders Ivo A. M. J. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackground: Various systems exist for CT‐guided needle placement in the thorax and abdomen, but widespread adoption is lacking. The goal of this work is to develop a system for precise needle placement with a design focus on clinical acceptability, applicability and usability.Methods: A system was outlined incorporating a needle guide on a mechanism with a remote centre of motion, manually placeable around the patient at the desired entry point and lockable by push‐button to the CT table. System and patient are scanned for system‐to‐CT registration and target specification. The needle guide is automatically aimed at the target, for manual needle insertion to specified depth.Results: A fully functional prototype was realized, achieving 1.2±0.6 mm placement error at 79.0±8.4 mm depth and 2.1±0.7 mm at 156.0±6.9 mm for 2×12 in‐ and out‐of‐plane punctures in a gelatin phantom.Conclusions: The system enables precise needle placement in a single insertion and is ready for its first clinical deployment.
Robotic technologies for solar‐powered UAVs: Fully autonomous updraft‐aware aerial sensing for multiday search‐and‐rescue missions
Authors: Oettershagen Philipp , Stastny Thomas , Hinzmann Timo , Rudin Konrad , Mantel Thomas , Melzer Amir , Wawrzacz Bartosz , Hitz Gregory , Siegwart Roland 
Published: December 2017

AbstractLarge‐scale aerial sensing missions can greatly benefit from the perpetual endurance capability provided by high‐performance low‐altitude solar‐powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). However, today these UAVs suffer from small payload capacity, low energetic margins, and high operational complexity. To tackle these problems, this paper presents four individual technical contributions and integrates them into an existing solar‐powered UAV system: First, a lightweight and power‐efficient day/night‐capable sensing system is discussed. Second, means to optimize the UAV platform to the specific payload and to thereby achieve sufficient energetic margins for day/night flight with payload are presented. Third, existing autonomous launch and landing functionality is extended for solar‐powered UAVs. Fourth, as a main contribution an extended Kalman filter (EKF)‐based autonomous thermal updraft tracking framework is developed. Its novelty is that it allows the end‐to‐end integration of the thermal‐induced roll moment into the estimation process. It is assessed against unscented Kalman filter and particle filter methods in simulation and implemented on the aircraft's low‐power autopilot. The complete system is verified during a 26 h search‐and‐rescue aerial sensing mock‐up mission that represents the first‐ever fully autonomous perpetual endurance flight of a small solar‐powered UAV with a day/night‐capable sensing payload. It also represents the first time that solar‐electric propulsion and autonomous thermal updraft tracking are combined in flight. In contrast to previous work that has focused on the energetic feasibility of perpetual flight, the individual technical contributions of this paper are considered core functionality to guarantee ease‐of‐use, effectivity, and reliability in future multiday aerial sensing operations with small solar‐powered UAVs.
Learning to detect misaligned point clouds
Authors: Almqvist Håkan , Magnusson Martin , Kucner Tomasz P. , Lilienthal Achim J. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMatching and merging overlapping point clouds is a common procedure in many applications, including mobile robotics, three‐dimensional mapping, and object visualization. However, fully automatic point‐cloud matching, without manual verification, is still not possible because no matching algorithms exist today that can provide any certain methods for detecting misaligned point clouds. In this article, we make a comparative evaluation of geometric consistency methods for classifying aligned and nonaligned point‐cloud pairs. We also propose a method that combines the results of the evaluated methods to further improve the classification of the point clouds. We compare a range of methods on two data sets from different environments related to mobile robotics and mapping. The results show that methods based on a Normal Distributions Transform representation of the point clouds perform best under the circumstances presented herein.
Description and experimental results of a panoramic K‐band radar dedicated to perception in mobile robotics applications
Authors: Rouveure Raphaël , Faure Patrice , Monod Marie‐Odile 
Published: December 2017

AbstractRobust environmental perception is a crucial parameter for the development of autonomous ground vehicle applications, especially in the field of agricultural robotics which is one of the priorities for the Horizon 2020 robotics funding (EU funding program for research and innovation). Because of uncontrolled and changing environmental conditions in outdoor and natural environments, data from optical sensors classically used in mobile robotics can be compromised and unusable. In such situations, microwave radar can provide an alternative and complementary solution for perception tasks. The aim of this paper is to present PELICAN radar, a microwave radar specifically designed for mobile robotics applications, including obstacle detection, mapping, and situational awareness in general. PELICAN radar provides each second a view over 360° of the surrounding environment, from 5 m up to 100 m. A description of the technological solutions adopted for the development of PELICAN radar (hardware and software) is presented. Results obtained in various outdoor and open environments, including urban and natural areas, are also described. Sets of PELICAN radar data are made available online for researchers interested in processing this type of data.
An R2‐curve for evaluating the accuracy of dynamic predictions
Authors: Fournier Marie‐Cécile , Dantan Etienne , Blanche Paul 
Published: December 2017

In the context of chronic diseases, patient's health evolution is often evaluated through the study of longitudinal markers and major clinical events such as relapses or death. Dynamic predictions of such types of events may be useful to improve patients management all along their follow‐up. Dynamic predictions consist of predictions that are based on information repeatedly collected over time, such as measurements of a biomarker, and that can be updated as soon as new information becomes available. Several techniques to derive dynamic predictions have already been suggested, and computation of dynamic predictions is becoming increasingly popular.In this work, we focus on assessing predictive accuracy of dynamic predictions and suggest that using an R2‐curve may help. It facilitates the evaluation of the predictive accuracy gain obtained when accumulating information on a patient's health profile over time. A nonparametric inverse probability of censoring weighted estimator is suggested to deal with censoring. Large sample results are provided, and methods to compute confidence intervals and bands are derived. A simulation study assesses the finite sample size behavior of the inference procedures and illustrates the shape of some R2‐curves which can be expected in common settings. A detailed application to kidney transplant data is also presented.
In Situ Probing of the Particle‐Mediated Mechanism of WO3‐Networked Structures Grown inside Confined Mesoporous Channels
Authors: Zhang Lingling , Li Jiang , You Hongjun , Ma Chuansheng , Lan Si , Wu Zhenduo , Zeng Jianrong , Tian Feng , Fang Jixiang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractNanocasting, using ordered mesoporous silica or carbon as a hard template, has enormous potential for preparing novel mesoporous materials with new structures and compositions. Although a variety of mesoporous materials have been synthesized in recent years, the growth mechanism of nanostructures in a confined space, such as mesoporous channels, is not well understood, which hampers the controlled synthesis and further application of mesoporous materials. Here, the nucleation and growth of WO3‐networked mesostructures within an ordered mesoporous matrix, using an in situ transmission electron microscopy heating technique and in situ synchrotron small‐angle X‐ray scattering spectroscopy, are probed. It is found that the formation of WO3 mesostructures involves a particle‐mediated transformation and coalescence mechanism. The liquid‐like particle‐mediated aggregation and mesoscale transformation process can occur in ≈10 nm confined mesoporous channels, which is completely unexpected. The detailed mechanistic study will be of great help for experimental design and to exploit a variety of mesoporous materials for diverse applications, such as catalysis, absorption, separation, energy storage, biomedicine, and nanooptics.
Magnetotaxis Enables Magnetotactic Bacteria to Navigate in Flow
Authors: Rismani Yazdi Saeed , Nosrati Reza , Stevens Corey A. , Vogel David , Davies Peter L. , Escobedo Carlos 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMagnetotactic bacteria (MTB) play an important role in Earth's biogeochemical cycles by transporting minerals in aquatic ecosystems, and have shown promise for controlled transport of microscale objects in flow conditions. However, how MTB traverse complex flow environments is not clear. Here, using microfluidics and high‐speed imaging, it is revealed that magnetotaxis enables directed motion of Magnetospirillum magneticum over long distances in flow velocities ranging from 2 to 1260 µm s−1, corresponding to shear rates ranging from 0.2 to 142 s−1—a range relevant to both aquatic environments and biomedical applications. The ability of MTB to overcome a current is influenced by the flow, the magnetic field, and their relative orientation. MTB can overcome 2.3‐fold higher flow velocities when directed to swim perpendicular to the flow as compared to upstream, as the latter orientation induces higher drag. The results indicate a threshold drag of 9.5 pN, corresponding to a flow velocity of 550 µm s−1, where magnetotaxis enables MTB to overcome counterdirectional flow. These findings bring new insights into the interactions of MTB with complex flow environments relevant to aquatic ecosystems, while suggesting opportunities for in vivo applications of MTB in microbiorobotics and targeted drug delivery.
Recent Progress of Textile‐Based Wearable Electronics: A Comprehensive Review of Materials, Devices, and Applications
Authors: Heo Jae Sang , Eom Jimi , Kim Yong‐Hoon , Park Sung Kyu 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWearable electronics are emerging as a platform for next‐generation, human‐friendly, electronic devices. A new class of devices with various functionality and amenability for the human body is essential. These new conceptual devices are likely to be a set of various functional devices such as displays, sensors, batteries, etc., which have quite different working conditions, on or in the human body. In these aspects, electronic textiles seem to be a highly suitable possibility, due to the unique characteristics of textiles such as being light weight and flexible and their inherent warmth and the property to conform. Therefore, e‐textiles have evolved into fiber‐based electronic apparel or body attachable types in order to foster significant industrialization of the key components with adaptable formats. Although the advances are noteworthy, their electrical performance and device features are still unsatisfactory for consumer level e‐textile systems. To solve these issues, innovative structural and material designs, and novel processing technologies have been introduced into e‐textile systems. Recently reported and significantly developed functional materials and devices are summarized, including their enhanced optoelectrical and mechanical properties. Furthermore, the remaining challenges are discussed, and effective strategies to facilitate the full realization of e‐textile systems are suggested.
Enhanced Performance of MoS2 Photodetectors by Inserting an ALD‐Processed TiO2 Interlayer
Authors: Pak Yusin , Park Woojin , Mitra Somak , Sasikala Devi Assa Aravindh , Loganathan Kalaivanan , Kumaresan Yogeenth , Kim Yonghun , Cho Byungjin , Jung Gun‐Young , Hussain Muhammad M. , Roqan Iman S. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) possesses excellent optoelectronic properties that make it a promising candidate for use in high‐performance photodetectors. Yet, to meet the growing demand for practical and reliable MoS2 photodetectors, the critical issue of defect introduction to the interface between the exfoliated MoS2 and the electrode metal during fabrication must be addressed, because defects deteriorate the device performance. To achieve this objective, the use of an atomic layer‐deposited TiO2 interlayer (between exfoliated MoS2 and electrode) is reported in this work, for the first time, to enhance the performance of MoS2 photodetectors. The TiO2 interlayer is inserted through 20 atomic layer deposition cycles before depositing the electrode metal on MoS2/SiO2 substrate, leading to significantly enhanced photoresponsivity and response speed. These results pave the way for practical applications and provide a novel direction for optimizing the interlayer material.
A Lithium–Air Battery Stably Working at High Temperature with High Rate Performance
Authors: Pan Jian , Li Houpu , Sun Hao , Zhang Ye , Wang Lie , Liao Meng , Sun Xuemei , Peng Huisheng 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDriven by the increasing requirements for energy supply in both modern life and the automobile industry, the lithium–air battery serves as a promising candidate due to its high energy density. However, organic solvents in electrolytes are likely to rapidly vaporize and form flammable gases under increasing temperatures. In this case, serious safety problems may occur and cause great harm to people. Therefore, a kind of lithium–air that can work stably under high temperature is desirable. Herein, through the use of an ionic liquid and aligned carbon nanotubes, and a fiber shaped design, a new type of lithium–air battery that can effectively work at high temperatures up to 140 °C is developed. Ionic liquids can offer wide electrochemical windows and low vapor pressures, as well as provide high thermal stability for lithium–air batteries. The aligned carbon nanotubes have good electric and heat conductivity. Meanwhile, the fiber format can offer both flexibility and weavability, and realize rapid heat conduction and uniform heat distribution of the battery. In addition, the high temperature has also largely improved the specific powers by increasing the ionic conductivity and catalytic activity of the cathode. Consequently, the lithium–air battery can work stably at 140 °C with a high specific current of 10 A g‐1 for 380 cycles, indicating high stability and good rate performance at high temperatures. This work may provide an effective paradigm for the development of high‐performance energy storage devices.
Inorganic Hole‐Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Yu Ze , Sun Licheng 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn the last few years, inorganic–organic metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted a great deal of attention as a promising next‐generation solar‐cell technology because of their high efficiencies and low production cost. Hole‐transporting materials (HTMs) play an essential role in effective charge extraction and thus in achieving high overall efficiency. Therefore, searching for an efficient, stable, and low‐cost HTM in PSCs has been one of the hottest research topics in this field. Inorganic p‐type semiconductors that possess several appealing characteristics, such as suitable energy levels, high hole mobility, and high chemical stability, as well as low production cost, etc., are promising HTM candidate materials in PSCs. Here, specific attention is paid to the recent progress in inorganic HTMs being explored for PSCs. A variety of methods developed for the fabrication of these inorganic HTMs are summarized in detail, together with their corresponding performance in PSCs. Finally, an outlook on further enhancements of highly efficient PSCs based on inorganic HTMs is presented.
Predicting temporal violations for parallel business cloud workflows
Authors: Luo Haoyu , Liu Jin , Liu Xiao , Yang Yun 
Published: December 2017

SummaryWorkflow temporal violations, namely, intermediate workflow runtime delays, often occur and have a serious impact on the on‐time completion of massive concurrent requests. Therefore, accurate prediction of cloud workflow temporal violations is critical as its result can serve as an essential reference for temporal violation prevention and handling strategies. Conventional studies mainly focus on the time delays of a single workflow activity or a single workflow instance but overlook the propagation of time delays among them. This is a serious problem as time delays can propagate in cloud workflow system due to resource sharing and the dependencies among workflow activities. This paper first proposes a novel temporal violation transmission model inspired by an epidemic model to model the dynamics of time delay propagation. Afterward, a novel temporal violation prediction strategy is presented to estimate the number of temporal violations that may occur and determine the number of violations that must be handled to achieve the target service‐level agreement, namely, the on‐time completion rate. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to predict cloud workflow temporal violations at the workflow build‐time stage by analyzing the propagation of temporal violations. Experimental results demonstrate that our strategy can make highly accurate predictions and is scalable for a large batch of parallel workflows running in the cloud.