bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Characterization of Lightweight Carbon Foam Derived From Silicon‐Containing Arylacetylene Resin With Antioxidant Properties and Excellent Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performance
Authors: Shen Xuetao , Jin Chaoen , Wang Fan , Zhu Yaping , Deng Shifeng , Qi Huimin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn this study, carbon foam derived from silicon‐containing arylacetylene resin (CFPSA) was prepared by using silicon‐containing arylacetylene (PSA) resin as the carbon precursor and polyurethane (PU) foam as the organic sacrificial template. CFPSAs with diverse apparent densities were prepared through the simple impregnation of PU foam with PSA resin solutions of varying concentrations. Their structures, such as the pore morphology; chemical composition; thermal stability; compression properties, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE), were characterized. The results indicate that with an increase in the PSA resin concentration, the skeleton of CFPSA becomes thicker, the pore size slightly increases, the apparent density increases, the compressive strength increases, and the EMI SE slightly reduces. CFPSA‐10's apparent density is 0.032 g/cm3, its 5% thermal weight loss temperature (Td5) in an air atmosphere is 642°C, its thermal conductivity is 38.1 mW/m K, its specific compression strength is 2.45 MPa/g cm3, and its specific EMI SE divided by thickness (SSE/t) is 2367 dB cm2/g. CFPSA exhibits lightweight and antioxidant properties, as well as excellent electromagnetic interference shielding performance, presenting great potential for application in aerospace and other fields.
Characteristics of patients with liver tumors deemed ineligible for enrollment on Children's Oncology Group trial AHEP1531: An opportunity to expand inclusion criteria and improve outcome
Authors: Trobaugh‐Lotrario Angela D. , O'Neill Allison F. , Belmonte Katelyn A. , Malogolowkin Marcio H. , Tiao Greg M. , Geller James I. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundSpecific patients with hepatoblastoma (HB) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) do not meet eligibility criteria for Children's Oncology Group (COG) trials, limiting an understanding of how comorbidities affect the outcome. We define such a population for future‐focused care improvements.MethodsA questionnaire was sent to COG institutional principal investigators to obtain anonymized data regarding patients with a liver tumor diagnosis not enrolled on AHEP1531 due to ineligibility by trial criteria or other reasons (excluding parent/patient preference).ResultsResponses received for 55 patients (38 HB, 4 HCC, and 13 not reported) included 12 excluded from further analysis due to various factors, including lack of additional information. Five patients were eligible but not enrolled due to pandemic‐related staffing issues (n = 1) or the best interest of the patient (physician preference, n = 1; risk for poor tolerance of chemotherapy, n = 1; not specified, n = 2). The remaining 38 patients included 1 ineligible due to a prior malignancy, 9 due to performance status, and 4 due to timing requirements. Thirty‐five of 38 patients were ineligible due to organ function criteria (pulmonary/oxygen requirement, n = 25; renal, n = 10; liver, n = 4; cardiac, n = 3). Seven patients were ineligible due to two or more organ function criteria. Twenty‐five of 38 patients were reported to have a preexisting condition including 4 patients with trisomy 18.ConclusionsPatients with HB, and potentially HCC, who are ineligible for COG trials are primarily patients with an oxygen requirement and/or renal insufficiency, often associated with preexisting congenital conditions. Such patients would benefit from future studies to improve outcomes.
The effect of hole‐making process on the performance of CFRP/Ti multi‐bolt joints and load distribution
Authors: Wang Chenguang , Gao Ruijun , Zou Fan , Fan Zhilei , Zhou Entao , Ge Ende , Zhu Lei , An Qinglong , Chen Ming 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe CFRP/Ti multi‐bolt joints are commonly used in important structural parts of aircraft. These structure often adopts an integrated drilling method to improve manufacturing efficiency and avoid assembly problems. However, significant differences in material properties between CFRP and titanium alloy can affect hole accuracy, leading to deviations in hole‐size that impact joint performance. In response to these challenges, this study conducted experiments on the hole‐making process for CFRP/Ti laminated multi‐bolt joints and analyzed hole‐size characteristics and precision. The research investigated the effect of hole‐making processes on the static tensile and fatigue performance of CFRP/Ti three‐bolt single‐lap joints specimens and revealed the influence of hole‐size characteristics on load distribution among bolts. Results indicated that titanium alloy chip formation during CFRP hole drilling induced a microcutting effect on CFRP hole walls, resulting in stepped holes. The use of low‐frequency vibration‐assisted drilling improved chip removal and enhanced hole‐making precision. The use of the LDR‐LDR‐CD combined hole‐making process can mitigate the secondary bending phenomenon of critical bolt in CFRP/Ti three‐bolt, single‐lap joints specimens, thereby reducing local stress concentrations. This process combination effectively distributes bolt loads evenly, resulting in a reduction of the bolt load ratio in critical holes by 6.2%, and increases ultimate load and fatigue life by 6.7% and 47.7%, respectively. Therefore, in the hole‐making process of CFRP/Ti multi‐bolt joints, it is crucial to ensure that the precision of critical holes is lower than that of auxiliary holes to decrease the bolt load ratio in critical holes and enhance structural joint performance.Highlights
Novel method for uniformly distributing load based on controlling drilling precision.
The formation process of CFRP/Ti hole diameter characteristics in different processes.
The LDR‐LDR‐CD can optimize load distribution, improve ultimate load and fatigue life.
Effect of electrochemical anodic oxidation modification on the interfacial properties of carbon fiber reinforced polyimide composites
Authors: Huang Chengyu , Zhang Peng , Liu Zhiwei , Sun Mingchen , Liu Hansong , Sun Jinsong , Li Bo , Zhao Yan , Bao Jianwen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis research involved the modification of carbon fiber (CF) through electrochemical anodizing under different conditions and focused on analyzing the impact of modifying CF surface and examining the interfacial characteristics of thermoset polyimide (PI) composites. The process of electrochemically oxidizing CF consists of two distinct stages. The oxidation stage mainly occurs under the conditions of low current intensity and low electrolyte concentration, at the graphite boundary defects on CF surface. The etching effect stage intensifies on CF surface under high current intensity and electrolyte concentration, resulting in the fracture and detachment of the carbon rings. Electrochemical oxidation improves CF roughness and the quantity of active functional groups, which enhances mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding between CF and PI. Furthermore, the introduction of reactive hydrogen groups can contribute to the PI curing process, significantly improving the weak interface bonding problem between CF and PI. The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of the composites increased from 82.08 to 104.33 MPa and 114.08 MPa in acidic and alkaline electrolyte environments, respectively.Highlights
Improved interfacial compatibility between CF and polyimide resin through electrochemical oxidation
The relationship between the physical morphology and chemical composition of the surface of CF and their interfacial properties was investigated.
The interfacial shear strength of CF/PI was increased by 38.99% without any loss in mechanical properties of the CF.
The electrochemical oxidation mechanism of CF under different electrolytes was revealed.
Time Series Methods to Assess the Impact of Regulatory Action: A Study of UK Primary Care and Hospital Data on the Use of Fluoroquinolones
Authors: Guo Yuchen , Raventós Berta , Català Martí , Elhussein Leena , López‐Güell Kim , Tan Eng Hooi , Prats‐Uribe Albert , Dedman Daniel , Man Wai Yi , Omulo Hezekiah , Delmestri Antonella , Lane Jennifer C. E. , Rahman Usama , Griffin Xavier L. , Gao Chuang , Cole Christian , Batty Patrick , Connelly John , Booth Helen , Cave Alison , Donegan Katherine , Prieto‐Alhambra Daniel , Burn Edward , Jödicke Annika M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeTo illustrate the interest in using interrupted time series (ITS) methods, this study evaluated the impact of the UK MHRA's March 2019 Risk Minimisation Measures (RMM) on fluoroquinolone usage.MethodsMonthly and quarterly fluoroquinolone use incidence rates from 2012 to 2022 were analysed across hospital care (Barts Health NHS Trust), primary care (Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum and CPRD GOLD), and linked records from both settings (East Scotland). Rates were stratified by age (19–59 and ≥ 60 years old). Seasonality‐adjusted segmented regression and ARIMA models were employed to model quarterly and monthly rates, respectively.ResultsPost‐RMM, with segmented regression, both age groups in Barts Health experienced nearly complete reductions (> 99%); CPRD Aurum saw 20.19% (19–59) and 19.29% ( 60) reductions; no significant changes in CPRD GOLD; East Scotland had 45.43% (19–59) and 41.47% ( 60) decreases. Slope analysis indicated increases for East Scotland (19–59) and both CPRD Aurum groups, but a decrease for CPRD GOLD's  60; ARIMA detected significant step changes in CPRD GOLD not identified by segmented regression and noted a significant slope increase in Barts Health's 19–59 group. Both models showed no post‐modelling autocorrelations across databases, yet Barts Health's residuals were non‐normally distributed with non‐constant variance.ConclusionsBoth segmented regression and ARIMA confirmed the reduction of fluoroquinolones use after RMM across four different UK primary care and hospital databases. Model diagnostics showed good performance in eliminating residual autocorrelation for both methods. However, diagnostics for hospital databases with low incident use revealed the presence of heteroscedasticity and non‐normal white noise using both methods.
Safety assessment of wellhead devices on the offshore platform in a shallow gas blowout accident
Authors: Li Zhong , Yin Zhiming , Yan Xinjiang , Yang Xiangqian , Huang Xiaoguang , Han Zhongying 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe blowout during shallow oil‐gas exploitation always increases the failure risk of the offshore platforms and equipment on them. The thermo‐solid dynamic response of offshore structures in blowout accidents is significant for the process safety evaluation and post‐disaster recovery. A new safety evaluation method was proposed using blowout scenario modeling on the offshore platform and the structural safety evaluation of wellhead devices through the fluid‐thermal‐solid coupling analysis and reduced yield strength method. The results indicated that the blowout flame was significantly affected by the blowout gas velocity, and environmental wind strength, low blowout gas velocity, and high wind speed can lower the flame height and aggravate the safety conditions of the wellhead devices. The proposed method can be applied to the process safety evaluation of offshore structures in blowout accidents.
Improving weather forecast skill of the Korean Integrated Model by assimilating Soil Moisture Active Passive soil moisture anomalies
Authors: Kwon Yonghwan , Jun Sanghee , Kim Eunkyu , Seol Kyung‐Hee , Hong Seokmin , Kwon In‐Hyuk , Kang Jeon‐Ho , Kim Hyunglok 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the potential benefit of assimilating soil moisture (SM) data retrieved from Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) in improving global SM estimates and enhancing the weather forecast skill of the Korean Integrated Model (KIM). The 36‐km SMAP L2 SM retrievals are assimilated into the Noah land surface model (LSM) using the ensemble Kalman filter scheme through the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Land Information System (LIS) that is weakly coupled to KIM. A suite of cycling experiments of the KIM–LIS system that includes land and atmospheric data assimilation (DA) and five‐day weather forecasts are conducted over the global domain from March to July 2022. In the SMAP SM DA, two different SM bias correction methods, namely the cumulative distribution function matching and anomaly‐based bias correction, are applied to correct systematic biases between SMAP and Noah‐LSM before assimilation. The global triple collocation analysis reveals that compared to the control case (without SM DA), significant improvements in the global SM estimates are achieved by assimilating the SMAP data, especially by employing the anomaly‐based bias correction. Notably, the improved SM initial conditions lead to an improved screen‐level specific humidity and air temperature analysis and forecasts when the results are compared against the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts‐Integrated Forecasting System analysis. The beneficial impacts of the SMAP DA on the atmospheric variables extend up to an atmospheric level of 700 hPa. Prominent improvements in the KIM forecast skill by the SMAP DA applying the anomaly‐based bias correction are observed in the northern part of Africa and West and Central Asia with stronger impacts for longer forecast lead time. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of assimilating the SMAP data within KIM–LIS to enhance the KIM weather forecasts in the lower atmosphere when a proper SM bias correction method is applied.
Layered Double Hydroxide: An Economical and Dynamic Choice for Water Remediation with Multiple Functionality
Authors: Gupta Dimpi , Singh Chandani , Koranne Anushka , Singh Suryabhan , Azad Uday Pratap , Singh Ashish Kumar , Singh Sunil Kumar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn terms of environmental pollution, water pollution is the most significant problem facing living organisms worldwide. Pollutants of various types, including toxic, inorganic, and organic materials, have a detrimental impact on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Materials with layers, such as layered double hydroxides (LDHs), a type of synthetic anion clay, have a wide range of potential applications. In this comprehensive study, we have discussed variety of LDHs, and their explicit properties which have significant advantages for the removal of a variety of pollutants from water. Besides these, LDHs are easily synthesized with high yield and, tuneable structure based on choice of metals, etc. Based on these unique potentials, we have summarized how layered double hydroxides and their hybrids are synthesized efficiently. The performance and applications in removing water pollutants involving heavy metals, inorganic anions, and organics at different parameters such as temperature, adsorbent dosage, pH, and contact time are discussed. Consolidated information has been provided regarding the LDH synthesis, conditions for adsorption, and reference of the particular work. The worked‐up LDH's regeneration potential and methods evolved for regenerating it, different kinetic models and isotherms are also discussed.
Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Humic Acid in Water Using N‐Doped Ti3AlC2 MAX
Authors: Wang Youyi , Rau Jui‐Yeh , Mao Zhujian , Chen Zhi‐Ting , Huang Jian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHumic acid (HA) is the main precursor of carcinogenic compounds such as trichloromethane, which form during the disinfection of drinking water. Therefore, removing HA from water sources is crucial for producing safe drinking water. This study introduces a novel approach using dilute nitric acid as a nitrogen source to dope pristine Ti3AlC2 (TAC) to varying degrees, enhancing the material‘s photocatalytic degradation performance for HA. Characterisations through X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, UV–vis and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the surface morphology of the modified catalyst changed from an original blocky lamellar structure to a rod‐like cluster structure, which is advantageous for light trapping. In addition, the incorporation of nitrogen reduced the band gap of the material from 1.25 to 1.15 eV, considerably enhancing its overall light responsiveness and thereby improving its photocatalytic performance. The results demonstrated that the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of HA by TAC under optimal conditions reached 93.8 %, which is 4.3 times higher than the 21.8 % efficiency achieved using the undoped TAC material. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to N doping, which not only reduces the TiO2 band gap at the TAC surface but also improves the electrochemical behaviour of TAC. This results in enhanced light response and more efficient separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. The mechanism for CTAC–Nx photocatalytic degradation of HA was investigated using trapping agent experiments, revealing that the primary active substance responsible for the degradation is O2−.
Application and Development of Hydrogel in Soilless Culture
Authors: Qin Chao , Kong Lingshuang , Xu Deliang , Qi Yue , Wu Nan , Xu Wenlong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSoilless culture refers to the method of cultivating plants without soil as a growing medium, and the use of hydrogel in soilless culture overcomes many technical difficulties, but there are many applications that just stay at the experimental level, with fewer applications in fields. Although many new functionalized hydrogels may help to overcome the shortcomings of traditional media and give them more functionality, little research on hydrogels over the past decades has been reflected in soilless culture techniques. This paper details the concept and development of soilless culture, as well as several applications of hydrogels in soilless culture, including the use of hydrogels as soilless culture substrates and the application of hydrogel membranes. The important roles of different types of hydrogels in soilless culture, such as antimicrobial properties, salt tolerance and high water absorption, are highlighted, and these excellent properties largely overcome a series of drawbacks of traditional cultivation methods. The application of hydrogels in pest control is also discussed. Hydrogel applications to soilless culture have better prospects for the creation of more promising multifunctional composite hydrogel membranes and hydrogel substrates capable of supporting plants throughout their growth cycle.
Discovery of Quinazoline Derivatives as Potent KRASG12C Inhibitors
Authors: Liu Nian , Li Zhilong , Liu Rui , Zhang Chaoxin , Sun Yixiang , Ma Xing , Qin Qiaohua , Wu Tianxiao , Sun Yin , Yin Wenbo , Zhang Haoyu , Gao Zixuan , Xia Guangxin , Zhao Dongmei , Cheng Maosheng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRAS proteins are necessary for cell survival, and their mutations are closely related to tumor formation and progression. Mutated RAS proteins were undruggable owing to their smooth surface decades ago. Since chemists found that covalently binding to mutated cysteine (G12 C) was a potential therapy for KRASG12C inhibition. Recently, AMG‐510 and MRTX‐849 were approved in 2021 and 2022 respectively for solid tumor treatment. In this paper, started with KRASG12C inhibitor ARS‐1620, we introduced different hydrophilic fragment on it and reached compound K09, which had the best KRASG12C inhibitory activity and antiproliferation activities. Compound K09 is regarded as a lead compound for further exploration.
Benzyl/phenyl‐1,2,3‐Triazole Tethered 3‐Acetyl Coumarins as Potential Drug‐Resistant Antitubercular Agents: Synthesis, Biology, and in Silico Investigations as Mtb DNA Gyrase Inhibitors
Authors: Bakchi Bulti , Maddipatla Sarvan , Gottemukkala Seshamma , Raut Shital , Naiyaz Ahmad Mohammad , Imran Mohmmad , Saxena Deepanshi , Maitra Rahul , Kumari Agnivesh Puja , Pal Kalia Nitin , Nanduri Srinivas , Dasgupta Arunava , Chopra Sidharth , Madhavi Yaddanapudi Venkata 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOwing to the emergence of multi‐drug resistant tuberculosis, there is a need for the exploration of new antitubercular agents. In this context, new coumarin‐based 1,2,3‐triazole hybrids were developed and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against ESKAPE pathogens and the Mtb H37Rv strain. Among them, compounds 9 c and 12 showed MICs of 1 and 2 μg/mL, respectively, against the Mtb strain. The lead compounds exhibited a good selectivity index against Vero cells and were equally effective against ETB‐resistant and RIF‐resistant Mtb strains. Time‐kill kinetic studies revealed the bacteriostatic properties of the lead compounds, while combination studies using FDA‐approved antibiotics showed no drug interactions. Based on the structural similarity, it was envisaged that they might inhibit the DNA gyrase, which was further proved by the DNA supercoiling inhibition assay. Additionally, in silico docking studies, binding energy calculations, and ADME/T studies for the synthesized conjugates showed favourable pharmacokinetic and physicochemical characteristics. Hence, these molecules could further pave the way for discovering new potent antitubercular agents to combat AMR.
Novel Ketone Derivatives Involving Triphenylamine Electron‐Donating Group as Low Migration Photoinitiators for Visible Light Radical Polymerization and 3D Printing
Authors: Jiangyu Luo , Jinqing Qu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGiven the ongoing advancements in photopolymerization technology, there is an imperative need to develop novel free radical photoinitiators (PIs) with long‐wavelength absorbance and low migration. To meet the demand for visible light photopolymerization, four novel ketone derivatives photoinitiators (PHMOs) were synthesized in this study via a one‐step reaction. By constructing the push‐pull structure, the maximum absorption wavelength of the new PIs was red‐shifted to the vicinity of 400 nm, satisfying the requirement of visible excitation. The one‐component photoinitiation effect of PHMOs under visible light was comparable to that of Irgacure 1173, among which the photopolymerisation performance of PHMO‐2 was significantly superior to that of 1173. The photopolymerization effect of the two‐component photoinitiaton system composed by the addition of hydrogen donor was significantly improved. PHMO‐1 was successfully used in 3D printing to produce well‐defined printed products. The photolysis mechanism of PHMOs was investigated by steady‐state photolysis and electron spin resonance test. In addition, PHMOs had good solubility, thermal stability and good biosafety. Attributed to the presence of double bonds, PHMOs had low migration. These excellent properties indicated that PHMOs had desirable potential applications in the field of visible light polymerization.