bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunoproteomic analysis of house dust mite antigens reveals distinct classes of dominant T cell antigens according to function and serological reactivity
Authors: Oseroff C. , Christensen L. H. , Westernberg L. , Pham J. , Lane J. , Paul S. , Greenbaum J. , Stranzl T. , Lund G. , Hoof I. , Holm J. , Würtzen P. A. , Meno K. H. , Frazier A. , Schulten V. , Andersen P. S. , Peters B. , Sette A. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryBackgroundHouse dust mite (HDM) allergens are a common cause of allergy and allergic asthma. A comprehensive analysis of proteins targeted by T cells, which are implicated in the development and regulation of allergic disease independent of their antibody reactivity, is still lacking.ObjectiveTo comprehensively analyse the HDM‐derived protein targets of T cell responses in HDM‐allergic individuals, and investigate their correlation with IgE/IgG responses and protein function.MethodsProteomic analysis (liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry) of HDM extracts identified 90 distinct protein clusters, corresponding to 29 known allergens and 61 novel proteins. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 20 HDM‐allergic individuals were stimulated with HDM extracts and assayed with a set of ~2500 peptides derived from these 90 protein clusters and predicted to bind the most common HLA class II types. 2D immunoblots were made in parallel to elucidate IgE and IgG reactivity, and putative function analyses were performed in silico according to Gene Ontology annotations.ResultsAnalysis of T cell reactivity revealed a large number of T cell epitopes. Overall response magnitude and frequency was comparable for known and novel proteins, with 15 antigens (nine of which were novel) dominating the total T cell response. Most of the known allergens that were dominant at the T cell level were also IgE reactive, as expected, while few novel dominant T cell antigens were IgE reactive. Among known allergens, hydrolase activity and detectable IgE/IgG reactivity are strongly correlated, while no protein function correlates with immunogenicity of novel proteins. A total of 106 epitopes accounted for half of the total T cell response, underlining the heterogeneity of T cell responses to HDM allergens.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceHerein, we define the T cell targets for both known allergens and novel proteins, which may inform future diagnostics and immunotherapeutics for allergy to HDM.
The epithelial barrier and immunoglobulin A system in allergy
Authors: Carlier F. M. , Sibille Y. , Pilette C. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryAirway and intestinal epithelial layers represent first‐line physical barriers, playing a key role in mucosal immunity. Barrier dysfunction, characterized by alterations such as disruption of cell–cell apical junctions and aberrant epithelial responses, probably constitutes early and key events for chronic immune responses to environmental antigens in the skin and in the gut. For instance, barrier dysfunction drives Th2 responses in atopic disorders or eosinophilic esophagitis. Such epithelial impairment is also a salient feature of allergic asthma and growing evidence indicates that barrier alterations probably play a driving role in this disease. IgA has been identified as the most abundant immunoglobulin in mucosa, where it acts as an active barrier through immune exclusion of inhaled or ingested antigens or pathogens. Historically, it has been thought to represent the serum factor underlying reaginic activity before IgE was discovered. Despite several studies about regulation and major functions of IgA at mucosal surfaces, its role in allergy remains largely unclear. This review aims at summarizing findings about epithelial functions and IgA biology that are relevant to allergy, and to integrate the emerging concepts and the recent developments in mucosal immunology, and how these could translate to clinical observations in allergy.
Symmetry‐Aware Mesh Segmentation into Uniform Overlapping Patches
Authors: Dessein A. , Smith W. A. P. , Wilson R. C. , Hancock E. R. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe present intrinsic methods to address the fundamental problem of segmenting a mesh into a specified number of patches with a uniform size and a controllable overlap. Although never addressed in the literature, such a segmentation is useful for a wide range of processing operations where patches represent local regions and overlaps regularize solutions in neighbour patches. Further, we propose a symmetry‐aware distance measure and symmetric modification to furthest‐point sampling, so that our methods can operate on semantically symmetric meshes. We introduce quantitative measures of patch size uniformity and symmetry, and show that our segmentation outperforms state‐of‐the‐art alternatives in experiments on a well‐known dataset. We also use our segmentation in illustrative applications to texture stitching and synthesis where we improve results over state‐of‐the‐art approaches.
Comparison of early osseointegration of SLA®and SLActive®implants in maxillary sinus augmentation: a pilot study
Authors: Alayan Jamil , Vaquette Cedryck , Saifzadeh Siamak , Hutmacher Dietmar , Ivanovski Saso 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the impact of a hydrophilic implant surface (SLActive®) placed into augmented maxillary sinuses on bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) and surrounding tissue composition when compared to a hydrophobic surface (SLA®).Material and methodsFour sheep underwent bilateral sinus augmentation. Each sinus received anorganic bovine bone mineral + autogenous bone (ABBM + AB). Sixteen implants were subsequently placed 12 weeks postgrafting with each sinus receiving a control (SLA®) and test implant (SLActive®). Two animals were sacrificed at 2 weeks and another two animals were sacrificed at 4 weeks postimplantation. The eight sinuses and 16 implants were processed for histomorphometry, which assessed bone‐to‐implant contact (%BIC) and tissue elements (woven bone –WB, lamellar bone –LB, soft tissue –ST) in the interthread region of implants within the augmented sinus.ResultsThere was a statistically significant increase in %BICat week 4 compared to the week 2 animals in both test (P < 0.005) and control (P < 0.005) groups. There was a statistically significant greater %BICaround test implants when compared to control implants in both week 2 (P < 0.05) and week 4 animals (P < 0.05). Greater %WB(11.17% ±6.82) and %LB(11.06% ±3.67) were seen in the test implants when compared to the control implants independent of time. This was only statistically significant for %LB(P < 0.05). A statistically significant reduction of 16.78% (±6.19) in %STwas noted in test implants when compared to control implants (P < 0.05) independent of time.ConclusionBoth time and the use of hydrophilic implant surface had a positive impact on %BICaround implants placed into augmented maxillary sinuses. Hydrophilic implant surfaces also had a positive impact on surrounding tissue composition. Larger trials are needed to better assess and detect differences between these two surfaces in augmented maxillary sinuses.
Bilingual advantage, bidialectal advantage or neither? Comparing performance across three tests of executive function in middle childhood
Authors: Ross Josephine , Melinger Alissa 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWhen bilinguals speak, both fluent language systems become activated in parallel and exert an influence on speech production. As a consequence of maintaining separation between the two linguistic systems, bilinguals are purported to develop enhanced executive control functioning. Like bilinguals, individuals who speak two dialects must also maintain separation between two linguistic systems, albeit to a lesser degree. Across three tests of executive function, we compared bilingual and bidialectal children's performance to that of a monolingual control group. No evidence for a bidialectal advantage was found. However, in line with a growing number of recent partial and failed replications, we observed a significant bilingual advantage only in one measure in one task. This calls the robustness of the bilingual advantage into question. A comprehensive review of studies investigating advantages of inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility in bilingual children reveals that the bilingual advantage is likely to be both task and sample specific, and the interaction between these factors makes qualification of the effect challenging. These findings highlight the importance of tracking the impact of dual linguistic systems across the lifespan using tasks calibrated for difficulty across different ages.
Survival and failure modes: platform‐switching for internal and external hexagon cemented fixed dental prostheses
Authors: Anchieta Rodolfo B. , Machado Lucas S. , Hirata Ronaldo , Coelho Paulo G. , Bonfante Estevam A. 
Published: September 2016

This study evaluated the probability of survival (reliability) of platform‐switched fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) cemented on different implant–abutment connection designs. Eighty‐four‐three‐unit FDPs (molar pontic) were cemented on abutments connected to two implants of external or internal hexagon connection. Four groups (n = 21 each) were established: external hexagon connection and regular platform (ERC); external hexagon connection and switched platform (ESC); internal hexagon and regular platform (IRC); and internal hexagon and switched platform (ISC). Prostheses were subjected to step‐stress accelerated life testing in water. Weibull curves and probability of survival for a mission of 100,000 cycles at 400 N (two‐sided 90% CI) were calculated. The beta values of 0.22, 0.48, 0.50, and 1.25 for groups ERC, ESC, IRC, and ISC, respectively, indicated a limited role of fatigue in damage accumulation, except for group ISC. Survival decreased for both platform‐switched groups (ESC: 74%, and ISC: 59%) compared with the regular matching platform counterparts (ERC: 95%, and IRC: 98%). Characteristic strength was higher only for ERC compared with ESC, but not different between internal connections. Failures chiefly involved the abutment screw. Platform switching decreased the probability of survival of FDPs on both external and internal connections. The absence in loss of characteristic strength observed in internal hexagon connections favor their use compared with platform‐switched external hexagon connections.
Influence of cerebral white matter hyperintensities on cognitive impairment in elderly medical patients
Authors: Shibata Koichi , Nishimura Yoshiko , Otsuka Kuniaki , Sakura Hiroshi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimWe investigated the characteristics of elderly medical patients with white matter hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging.MethodsA total of 213 patients (123 men and 90 women; mean age 74.8 years) reported their history of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, previous stroke, coronary heart disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD). All patients completed the Mini‐Mental State Examination and Geriatric Depression Scale. White matter hyperintensities were evaluated for the periventricular region, basal ganglia (BGH), deep white matter and infratentorial region, and brain atrophy was calculated as bicaudate ratios.ResultsPatients with cognitive impairment (Mini‐Mental State Examination score < 24) were significantly older (P = 0.001), had periventricular region hyperintensities (P = 0.029) and BGH (P = 0.0015), and showed atrophy (P < 0.0001). Logistic regression showed that cognitive impairment was predicted by stroke (OR 2.5, 95% CI 0.033–0.894, P = 0.036) and atrophy (OR 8.43, 95% CI 5.71–37.0, P = 0.0109). Multiple regressions showed that BGH was associated with CKD (β = 0.213; P = 0.003), and infratentorial region was associated with stroke (β = 0.157; P =0.035) and CKD (β = 0.172; P = 0.016). Periventricular region was associated with age (β = 0.2; P = 0.011) and Geriatric Depression Scale (β = 0.151; P = 0.037), and deep white matter hyperintensities with age (β = 0.189; P = 0.016).ConclusionsAlthough cognitive impairment in elderly medical patients is associated with stroke and brain atrophy, white matter hyperintensities, especially BGH and infratentorial region, are associated with cognitive decline in relation to CKD. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1488–1493.
Japanese‐language Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale: Psychometric performance, and health student and professional understanding
Authors: Annear Michael J , Otani Junko , Li Jing 
Published: September 2016

AimDementia prevalence is accelerating internationally commensurate with population aging. Super‐aging countries, including Japan, will experience growing prevalence of this life‐limiting condition in the coming decades as a result of falling fertility and mortality. The authors developed and verified a Japanese translation of the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS‐J) to address the paucity of reliable and valid Japanese‐language measures, and to elucidate current understanding.MethodsThe present study was designed as exploratory research across five universities in Japan. The Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale was translated into Japanese by a native speaker and bilingual physician with back‐translation carried out to ensure consistency of meaning. Between January and April 2016, the DKAS‐J was administered to 185 health students, academics and health professionals from the disciplines of nursing, medicine and allied health in the regions of Kyushu, Kansai and Tohoku.ResultsThe DKAS‐J showed face and content validity, acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.79) and adequate sensitivity (discrimination between health professionals and health students). A principal components analysis confirmed that an 18‐item iteration of the DKAS‐J performed optimally as a unidimensional scale. The results of DKAS‐J administration showed low levels of dementia knowledge among participants, with particularly poor understanding related to the clinical course of the syndrome, symptomatology and the efficacy of pharmaceutical intervention for behavioral symptoms.ConclusionThe DKAS‐J provides a useful tool for conceptualizing baseline knowledge, changes in understanding and knowledge deficits. Such a measure will prove valuable for the design and development of educational interventions as dementia increases in Japan and worldwide. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1746–1751.
Polymorphisms in Toll‐like receptor 3 are associated with asthma‐related phenotypes in the Chinese Han patients
Authors: Zhang Q. , Fu X. L. , Qian F. H. , Cao Q. , Mao Z. D. , Bai J. L. , Du Q. , Shi Y. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryToll‐like receptor (TLR) 3 mediates antivirus immunity and is involved in asthma exacerbation and development. However, the genetic association between TLR3 and asthma remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of polymorphisms within TLR3 on asthma risk and asthma‐related phenotypes in the Chinese Han population. A total number of 462 unrelated adult patients with asthma and 398 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. The genotypes of tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLR3 gene were determined using multiplex SNaPshot SNP genotyping assays. Case–control and case‐only studies were used to assess any links with asthma and asthma‐related phenotypes. The results showed that the genetic variants in TLR3 were associated with asthma‐related phenotypes, including eosinophil counts, serum immunoglobulin E levels and lung function. However, there was no obvious association between the TLR3 SNPs and asthma susceptibility or asthma severity. TLR3 polymorphisms may play a considerable role in the pathogenesis of asthma. It will help in better understanding the pathogenesis of asthma and development of more effective strategies for the prevention, prediction and treatment of asthma.
Augustine on Creation, Providence and Motion
Authors: Oliver Simon 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAugustine's theology of creation has been criticized for its Platonic tendency to denigrate matter and for a supposedly extrinsic view of divine providence that is reminiscent of design and even deism. This article counters such criticism and argues that Augustine explicitly blends extrinsic and intrinsic notions of providential teleological order. For Augustine, God ‘administers externally the natures he has created internally’ by inscribing the rationes seminales within creatures and conferring motion through the mediation of measure, number and weight. By resisting a dualism of intrinsic and extrinsic teleological order, Augustine avoids many of the problems that characterize modern theologies of creation and provides a more coherent account of divine providence.
Studies on forensic nursing in Brazil: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Pereira de Paiva M.H. , Pinheiro Lages L. , Cavalcanti de Medeiros Z. 
Published: September 2016

AimTo identify and synthesize the national and international literature on forensic nursing in Brazil.BackgroundForensic nursing is a new specialty to the nursing practice in Brazil, being recognized by the Federal Nursing Council of Brazil in 2011. In 2016, the first forensic nursing specialization programme was authorized in the country.IntroductionThe implementation of forensic nursing specialty in Brazil marks new possibilities for the nursing practice, making it possible for nurses to develop additional skills to intervene in various situations under the Brazilian Unified Healthcare System.MethodsA systematic search of the literature was conducted using the keyword ‘Forensic nursing’ in combination with ‘Brazil’. LILACS, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched. Studies were also retrieved from the grey literature. Once literature had been identified, a thematic analysis was undertaken in order to extract themes, which were: establishment of the forensic nursing specialty and its contributions to Brazil and its practical implications.ResultsEight manuscripts and 20 studies from the grey literature were included in the final review. Most studies (54%) were literature reviews that indicated forensic nursing as an emerging specialty in Brazil, addressing educational, instructional, communicative or contextual aspects of the specialty in the country.DiscussionIn the nursing profession in Brazil, few studies exist on forensic nursing and those are limited to short communications. Although most studies address the definition of forensic nursing, others present its implications in various situations such as intimate partner violence, domestic violence, sexual abuse and elder mistreatment.Conclusion and implications for nursing and health policyDespite the study limitations, it provides evidence that forensic nursing has been silently implemented in the country with the need for more evidence‐based studies to support its constitution as a specialty in Brazil.
Short‐Term Prospective Clinical Evaluation of Monolithic and Partially Veneered Zirconia Single Crowns
Authors: Bömicke Wolfgang , Rammelsberg Peter , Stober Thomas , Schmitter Marc 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the short‐term clinical performance and esthetics of monolithic and partially (i.e., facially) veneered zirconia single crowns (MZC and PZC, respectively).MethodsBetween September 2011 and June 2013, 68 participants received 90 MZCs and 72 PZCs. Clinical study documentation was performed at crown cementation (baseline), at the 6‐month follow‐up, and then yearly thereafter using standardized report forms. Eight participants with 14 single crowns (eight MZCs and six PZCs) dropped out during clinical follow‐up. Thus, 60 participants (28 male, mean age 62.5 ± 13.1 years) fitted with 82 MZCs and 66 PZCs were analyzed in February 2016 (Kaplan–Meier survival; mean observation time for the restorations 35.1 ± 6.3 months). Descriptive statistics were calculated for participants' and dentists' esthetic ratings on a numerical rating scale from 0 to 10 (0 = unacceptable color and shape; 10 = excellent color and shape).ResultsComplications were predominantly biological in nature. One PZC was affected by minor chipping. Cumulative 3‐year failure‐free survival was 98.5% (standard error (SE), 1.5%) for both MZCs and PZCs. Three‐year cumulative complication‐free survival (success) was 93.6% (SE 2.8%) for MZCs and 95.5% (SE 2.6%) for PZCs. Three‐year cumulative fracture‐free survival was 100% for MZCs and 98.5% (SE 1.5%) for PZCs. Crowns of both types were awarded high esthetic scores by participants and dentists.ConclusionsMonolithic and partially veneered zirconia crowns can be used clinically with excellent short‐term survival and success and without compromising esthetic appearance. Longer‐term follow‐up is, however, desirable.Clinical SignificanceDuring the observation time, both monolithic and partially veneered zirconia crowns showed an outstanding low technical complication rate: only one minor chipping and three losses of retention were observed. Additionally, esthetics was excellent. Based on these results the clinical use of this kind of restoration is promising. (J Esthet Restor Dent 29:22–30, 2017)
Kinetics of color development of peanuts during dry roasting using a batch roaster
Authors: Shi Xiaolei , Sandeep K. P. , Davis Jack P. , Sanders Timothy H. , Dean Lisa L. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe kinetics of color development during peanut roasting were investigated at roasting temperatures from 149 to 204°C which produced Hunter L color values of 25–65. Preliminary and equivalent roasting trials were conducted using a batch roaster simulating the parameters of an industrial continuous belt roaster. Hunter L and b values of the roasted peanuts were fitted well to first‐order models (mean R2 > 0.93). The activation energy calculated from the first‐order model of the L and b values ranged from 1.0 to 1.1 × 108 J/kg mol. High‐temperature roasting decreased the uniformity of color development from seed to seed and throughout of the kernel. A zc value of 37.6°C was calculated using the first‐order model of the L values. The cook values were 11.5–23.6, 24.5–31.6, and 41.5–57.5 min for light, medium, and dark roasting, respectively.
Incidence of early childhood caries: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Javed Fawad , Feng Changyong , Kopycka‐Kedzierawski Dorota T. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe aim was to systemically review the incidence of early childhood caries (ECC). The addressed focused question was “What is the reported incidence of ECC?” Indexed databases were searched using various key words. Five studies were included and processed for data extraction. All studies were prospective and two studies were randomized clinical trials. The number of participants ranged between 96 and 1275 children. Two studies reported the mean age of children, that ranged between 1.8 and 2.5 years (range 0.5 to 5 years). In three studies, the follow‐up duration was 2 years, and in two studies the participants were followed‐up till 3 and 5 years, respectively. Results from all studies reported that the incidence of ECC was significantly higher among children with caries at baseline compared with caries‐free children. In conclusion, the incidence of ECC is significantly higher in children with a previous history of dental caries.