bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High performance terahertz antennas based on split ring resonator and thin wire metamaterial structures
Authors: Abdelrehim Adel A. A. , Ghafouri‐Shiraz Hooshang 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTIn this letter, the left‐handed metamaterial (LH‐MTM) which has a negative refractive index (NRI) is employed to improve the performance of microstrip patch antenna. The LH‐MTM used in this work is a 3D periodic structure which consists of split ring resonators and thin wires (SRR/TW). The LH‐MTM is placed in front of the microstrip patch antenna and due to the NRI property of the LH‐MTM; the radiated electromagnetic beam size reduces which results in a highly focused beam. The proposed antenna has been designed and simulated using CST microwave studio and the MTM effective parameters are extracted from the s parameters by using Nicolson–Ross–Weir (NRW) algorithm. A parametric analysis has been performed to study the effects of the patch antenna and LT‐MTM lens separation and the size of the 3D LH‐MTM structure on the radiating properties and the impedance matching of the proposed antenna. For the experimental verification, the proposed antenna operating at 10 GHz is fabricated, the return loss and the gain for the proposed antenna with and without MTM are measured. Furthermore, the results show the antenna gain improved by 1.5 dB which validate the concept of beam focusing using NRI MTM structure, while the return loss and the bandwidth are slightly reduced. However, the idea has been extended to the terahertz frequency range by designing and simulating a 303 GHz antenna for heartbeat rate (HR) measurement. For 303 GHz patch antenna, the results demonstrate an improvement in the gain by 1.1 dB, in the bandwidth by 14.73 GHz, and in the return loss by 12.62 dB over their original values without MTM lens, while the beam size is slightly reduced. The simulation and experimental results investigated the idea of the beam focusing using NRI MTM for wide frequency ranges including microwaves and terahertz. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:382–389, 2016
40‐GB/s all‐optical 3R regeneration based on AFL and SOA‐DI
Authors: Chen Xin , Lou Caiyun , Zhao Xiaofan , Huo Li , Sun Yu , Zhao Lingjuan 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTIn this article, 40‐Gb/s all‐optical 3R regeneration with a monolithic amplified feedback laser (AFL) as the all‐optical clock recovery and a semiconductor optical amplifier delayed interferometer (SOA‐DI) as the optical decision gate has been experimentally demonstrated. A 40‐GHz optical clock with low timing jitter and uniform amplitude was successfully recovered from the polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and noise degraded signal by the AFL. The PMD degraded signal was restored by the 3R regenerator with the Q‐factor and the amplitude uniformity improved. Bit‐error rate improvement of the noise degraded signal has also been achieved using the 3R regenerator. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:433–436, 2016
Research on the propagation constant of the periodically slotted rectangular waveguide by equivalent circuit method
Authors: Huo Xingying , Wang Junhong , Li Dawei , Zhang Zhan , Chen Meie , Li Zheng 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThe influence of the structural parameters on the propagation constant of the leaky rectangular waveguide is studied by an equivalent circuit method and the dispersion equations are derived by the theory of transmission line. Using these equations, variation of propagation constant with the structural parameters is obtained and analyzed. And the propagation constants obtained from the equivalent circuit method were compared with those from the full‐wave simulation results. Both the results show that there is a critical length of the slots, below which the propagation constant of the leaky waveguide will be larger than that of the closed waveguide. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:426–429, 2016
A high‐power, broadband 245–285 GHz balanced frequency doubler in 45 nm SOI CMOS
Authors: Abbasi Morteza , Ricketts David S. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTA compact, broadband balanced frequency doubler that achieves state‐of‐the‐art output power with a usable bandwidth of over 40 GHz (245–285 GHz) has been presented. This wide bandwidth is twice that of previously published CMOS doublers from 140 to 340 GHz, enabling emerging applications in wide bandwidth communication and radar at sub‐THz frequencies. The doubler is designed and fabricated in a 45 nm SOI CMOS technology with an effective area of only 0.12 mm2. The frequency doubler exhibits −15 ± 1.5 dB conversion loss over 40 GHz bandwidth and can provide as high as 200 μW power while consuming 19 ± 1 mW dc power from a 1.1 V supply. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:423–426, 2016
Dual‐band filtenna array for WLAN applications
Authors: Ahmad Waqas , Budimir Djuradj 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThis article presents the design and results of a dual‐band antenna array integrated with bandpass filters for WLAN applications. The array is fed with a single 50 Ω port and consists of two radiating elements; thereby having a 1 × 2 array structure. The two bands of the antenna array correspond to the two WLAN bands of 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz. A standalone array has first been designed. Other than the two fundamental resonant frequencies, the standalone array exhibits spurious harmonics at various other frequencies. For the suppression of these harmonics, the array has been integrated with two bandpass filters, centered at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz. The resulting filtenna array was simulated, fabricated, and measured. Obtained simulation and measurement results agree well with each other and have been presented to validate the accuracy of the proposed structure. Measured return loss of the structure shows dual‐bands at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz of more than 30 dB each and also a successful suppression of the spurious harmonics of the antenna array has been achieved. Radiation patterns have also been simulated and measured and both results shown. The gain and efficiency have also been presented; with the values being 6.7 dBi and 70% for the 2.4 GHz band and 7.4 dBi and 81% for the 5.8 GHz band, respectively. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:477–481, 2016
Prospective study on the effects of regular and decaffeinated coffee on urinary symptoms in young and healthy volunteers
Authors: Staack Andrea , Distelberg Brian , Schlaifer Amy , Sabaté Joan 
Published: December 2015

AimsCoffee reduction has been a strategy to prevent urinary symptoms with conflicting evidence. We aimed to study the effects of regular and decaffeinated coffee on urinary symptoms among low and frequent coffee users, who were young and healthy.MethodsWe conducted a double‐blinded parallel study on subjects, who were restricted from consuming caffeinated items outside the study. After subjects completed 5 days of caffeine abstinence they consumed regular coffee (450 mg/d caffeine content) or decaffeinated coffee (12 mg/d caffeine content) for 5 days. Previous caffeine use and urinary symptoms were assessed by a diet survey, urogenital distress inventory, and interstitial cystitis problem and symptom indices (ICPI, ICSI).ResultsForty nine subjects completed the study. When assessing the submeasures “frequency” and “urgency” on ICPI and ICSI subjects drinking coffee reported a significant increase in urgency (P < 0.05) and frequency (P < 0.05), whereas subjects drinking decaffeinated coffee experienced no difference in those submeasures in comparison to no caffeine intake. However, previous “low coffee users” experienced the largest increase of urinary symptoms, whereas previous “frequent coffee users” showed fewer symptoms when exposed to regular coffee.ConclusionsThe study suggests that avoiding high‐dosage coffee consumption prevents urgency and frequency, which supports recommendations to limit caffeinated beverages. The study differentiates between subjects having a history of low and frequent coffee use. Subjects, who are not used to regular coffee consumption, seem to be more vulnerable to the effects of coffee on urinary symptoms. Better understanding of the effects of coffee on urinary symptoms may improve patients counseling. Neurourol. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:432–437, 2017. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Phylogeography of the bobwhite (Colinus) quails
Authors: Williford Damon , Deyoung Randy W. , Honeycutt Rodney L. , Brennan Leonard A. , Hernández Fidel 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThe bobwhites (Colinus) consist of 3 grassland‐associated, allopatric species of New World quails (family Odontophoridae): the northern bobwhite (C. virginianus), distributed from the eastern United States to Guatemala; the black‐throated bobwhite (C. nigrogularis), which occurs in scattered localities in the Yucatán Peninsula, Nicaragua, and Honduras; and the crested bobwhite (C. cristatus), whose range stretches from Guatemala to northern Brazil. We used mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences from both the control region and the ND2 gene to study the phylogenetic relationships and phylogeography of the 3 bobwhite species. We developed ecological niche models to evaluate conclusions inferred from genetic data.Colinuswas composed of 2 deeply divergent lineages, 1 represented by the crested bobwhite and the other by northern and black‐throated bobwhites, both of which were genetically distinct from each other. Although the northern bobwhite had high haplotype diversity, this species exhibited evidence of past demographic and geographic expansion, no phylogeographic structure, and no congruence between genetic variation and subspecies taxonomy. Ecological niche modeling was congruent with a recent range expansion for the northern bobwhite from Late Pleistocene refugia in México and the southern United States. The black‐throated bobwhites from the Yucatán Peninsula were distinct from those in Nicaragua, and as a whole this species displayed little evidence of recent expansion. Ecological niche modeling suggested that the current, fragmented distribution of the black‐throated bobwhite has existed for the past 130,000 years. Although the crested bobwhite displayed little evidence of population expansion, the mtDNA data revealed 3–4 geographically and genetically distinct lineages. Results of niche modeling suggest that the crested bobwhite had a much wider distribution in Central and South America during the Last Glacial Maximum. Given the sensitivity of all 3 bobwhite species to climatic cycles, managers should consider impacts of climate change in addition to the loss of habitat when crafting conservation plans. © 2015 The Wildlife Society.
Diverse roles of the nucleic acid‐binding protein KHSRP in cell differentiation and disease
Authors: Briata Paola , Bordo Domenico , Puppo Margherita , Gorlero Franco , Rossi Martina , Perrone‐Bizzozero Nora , Gherzi Roberto 
Published: December 2015

The single‐stranded nucleic acid‐binding protein KHSRP (KH‐type splicing regulatory protein) modulates RNA life and gene expression at various levels. KHSRP controls important cellular functions as different as proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, and response to infectious agents. We summarize and discuss experimental evidence providing a potential link between changes in KHSRP expression/function and human diseases including neuromuscular disorders, obesity, type II diabetes, and cancer. WIREs RNA 2016, 7:227–240. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1327This article is categorized under:

RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA–Protein Complexes
RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Regulation of RNA Stability
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
Evaluation of an avian radar system in a midwestern landscape
Authors: Gerringer Michael B. , Lima Steven L. , DeVault Travis L. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTBird strikes in aviation are an increasing threat to both aircraft and human safety. Management efforts have focused largely on the immediate airport environment. Avian radar systems could potentially be useful in assessing bird strike threats at greater distances from the airport, at higher altitudes, and at night, but few studies have been conducted to assess the capabilities of avian radar systems. Thus, our goal was to assess the detection and tracking abilities of a commercially available avian radar system in an airport environment in Indiana, USA, during October 2011–March 2012. Transits by free‐flying birds allowed us to assess radar tracking performance as influenced by flock size, altitude, and distance from the radar unit. Most of the single large‐bird targets (raptors) observed within 2 nautical miles (NM) of the radar were tracked ≥1 time, but such targets were generally tracked <30% of the time observed. Flocks of large birds such as geese (Branta canadensis) and cranes (Grus canadensis) were nearly always tracked ≥1 time, and were generally tracked approximately 40–80% of the time observed, even those several NMs away from the radar unit. Our results suggest that avian radar can be a useful tool for monitoring bird flock activity at airports, but less so for monitoring single large‐bird targets such as thermalling raptors. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Developing a habitat suitability index to guide restoration of New England cottontail habitats
Authors: Warren Alena , Litvaitis John A. , Keirstead Donald 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTPopulations of taxa dependent on young forests and shrublands in the northeastern United States are declining in response to habitat loss and fragmentation. In particular, the reduction in distribution and abundance of the New England cottontail (Sylvilagus transitionalis; NECs) prompted consideration to list it as federally threatened or endangered. In response to those concerns, a range‐wide conservation strategy for NECs has been developed that includes managing >20,000 ha of thicket habitats. Although much is known about the habitat associations of NECs, there is no obvious approach for evaluating the suitability of sites managed for them. We developed a habitat suitability model that conservationists can use to monitor progress in generating and maintaining habitats for NECs. We relied on literature reviews, expert opinions, and field data to identify habitat features that can be measured and indexed and used in a simple model to rank patches of habitat on a scale of 0 (unsuitable) to 1 (high suitability). Important features included dense understory vegetation, summer forage, and the presence–absence of additional refuges (e.g., constructed brush piles). We used our model to rank 60 managed habitats and found general agreement with opinions of an expert panel. There are obvious advantages to using a habitat‐suitability model during efforts to restore populations of NECs: it provides a consistent approach for monitoring management actions, can be used to identify site‐specific limitations prior to releasing cottontails in vacant habitats, and can be used to track suitability over time and alert managers of potential habitat deficiencies. Our suitability model also can be modified to accommodate new information and changing conditions. © 2015 The Wildlife Society.
Analysis of Castor by ELISAs that Distinguish Ricin and Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA)
Authors: Brandon David L. , McKeon Thomas A. , Patfield Stephanie A. , Kong Qiulian , He Xiaohua 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTo facilitate the analysis of castor (Ricinus communis L.) seed fractions and germplasm for ricin content, we investigated the use of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods to differentiate between ricin toxin and the related Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA). Both proteins are based on a heterodimeric AB structure, with a common A chain. RCA comprises two dimers of A and B chains. Both proteins are found in the meal remaining after castor oil extraction and impede the commercial production of castor seed in the USA. We identified pairs of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that could distinguish between the structurally related proteins that share a common A chain. Antibody specificity was determined by ELISA and checked by immunoblotting. We found that mAb–mAb pairs afforded quantification of each castor protein, and that a mAb paired with a commercial polyclonal antibody provided detection of both with comparable sensitivity.
Tungsten, Barium and Base Metal Mineralization in a Layer of Amphibolite in Mesoarchaean Ghattihosahalli Belt, Western Dharwar Craton, Karnataka, India
Authors: Srinivasaiah C. , Vasudev V. N. , Rao N. V. Chalapathi 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Scheelite together with barytes and base metals is found in a layer of para-amphibolite within the Mesoarchaean Ghattihosahalli schist belt in western Dharwar craton. Scheelite occurs as disseminated grains within the amphibolite layer which occurs at the interface between &gt;3.34 Ga old sequence of ultramafic komatiite-komatiitic basalt and an overlying sequence of interbedded fuchsite quartzite, barytes, cherty quartzite and kyanite-sillimanite-quartz-sericite schist. This lithological assemblage is intruded by and co-folded with sheets of gneisses and granites of &gt;3.0 Ga age (Peninsular gneiss). The source material of the mineralized amphibolite is probably derived from weathering of the underlying komatiitic basalt. The mineralization comprising of scheelite, barytes and basemetals in the amphibolite may have been formed by sea floor hydrothermal activity. The mineralized amphibolite is comparable in its geological setting and mineralization features to ~3.8 Ga old Isua supracrustal belt of West Greenland. This new finding could be viewed as one of the oldest instances of Proto SEDEX-style base metal mineralization associated with barite deposits in the Indian shield.
Validation of a structured intensive laparoscopic course for basic and advanced gynecologic skills training
Authors: Enciso Silvia , Díaz‐Güemes Idoia , Pérez‐Medina Tirso , Zapardiel Ignacio , de Santiago Javier , Usón Jesús , Sánchez‐Margallo Francisco M 
Published: December 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo describe and validate a gynecologic laparoscopic‐surgery training model.MethodsThe present prospective observational study was conducted at the Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre Jesús Usón, Cáceres, Spain, between January 2011 and June 2013. Novice gynecologists attended a 3‐day course including simulation and animal training. Participants’ were assessed before and after training using a virtual reality simulator; during training, gynecologists were timed and assessed using an Objective and Structured Assessment of Technical Skills score. The virtual reality simulator‐assessed skills were eye–hand coordination, hand–hand coordination, and transference of objects. Participants were asked to rate various elements of the training program using a five‐point scale.ResultsThe study enrolled 21 gynecologists. Participants performed all tasks faster (P < 0.001), using fewer movements (P < 0.05 for left and right instruments), after receiving training. During participants’ final animal and simulator training sessions, completion times were reduced (P < 0.001) and assessment scores (P < 0.001) increased for all techniques and tasks. Participants considered suturing to be the most useful aspect of the basic‐skills training (4.95 ± 0.22); animal training received a higher rating than simulator training for practicing new techniques (4.81 ± 0.40 vs 4.05 ± 0.86) and maintaining skills (4.76 ± 0.54 vs 3.95 ± 0.97).ConclusionCombining proficiency‐based physical simulation and animal training models under expert guidance is an efficient model for improving basic and advanced laparoscopic skills. Suturing and animal models were the preferred training components.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of the Femoral Tunnel Position in Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Leung Kwun Tung , Hung Lie Chester Wai , Lam Chan Wai , Yuan Pan Nin , Lit Chow Hung , Hung Wong Kevin Koon , Bon Woo Siu , Cheung Wong Wing 
Published: December 2015

Background/Purpose Correct femoral tunnel position in medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction is essential to maintain proper biomechanics of the patellofemoral joint throughout the range of movement. Several techniques have been described for MPFL reconstruction, however, there are few reports describing the accuracy of femoral tunnel positioning assessed postoperatively. Methods Ten patients having recurrent patellar dislocation with MPFL reconstruction performed in our centre from 2009 to 2013 were analysed. Femoral tunnel position was guided by intraoperative X-ray with landmarks described by Schottle et al, 2007. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed on both knees, and femoral tunnel was assessed with reference to the femoral origin of the MPFL in the nonoperated side. Results All cases showed an intact MPFL graft, with the majority demonstrating satisfactory femoral tunnel position based on postoperative MRI. Conclusion MPFL reconstruction with anatomic positioning of the femoral tunnel guided by intraoperative X-ray showed satisfactory accuracy in postoperative MRI results, indicating that a well-positioned MPFL graft results in better clinical outcomes.
Ziggurat fringes are self-similar
Authors: CHOWDHURY SUBHADIP 
Published: December 2015

We give explicit formulae for fringe lengths of the Calegari–Walker ziggurats—i.e., graphs of extremal rotation numbers associated with positive words in free groups. These formulae reveal (partial) integral projective self-similarity in ziggurat fringes, which are low-dimensional projections of characteristic polyhedra on the bounded cohomology of free groups. This explains phenomena observed experimentally by Gordenko, Calegari and Walker.
The effects of acute fluoxetine administration on temporal discounting in youth with ADHD
Authors: Carlisi C. O. , Chantiluke K. , Norman L. , Christakou A. , Barrett N. , Giampietro V. , Brammer M. , Simmons A. , Rubia K. 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundSerotonin is under-researched in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), despite accumulating evidence for its involvement in impulsiveness and the disorder. Serotonin further modulates temporal discounting (TD), which is typically abnormal in ADHD relative to healthy subjects, underpinned by reduced fronto-striato-limbic activation. This study tested whether a single acute dose of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine up-regulates and normalizes reduced fronto-striato-limbic neurofunctional activation in ADHD during TD.MethodTwelve boys with ADHD were scanned twice in a placebo-controlled randomized design under either fluoxetine (between 8 and 15 mg, titrated to weight) or placebo while performing an individually adjusted functional magnetic resonance imaging TD task. Twenty healthy controls were scanned once. Brain activation was compared in patients under either drug condition and compared to controls to test for normalization effects.ResultsRepeated-measures whole-brain analysis in patients revealed significant up-regulation with fluoxetine in a large cluster comprising right inferior frontal cortex, insula, premotor cortex and basal ganglia, which further correlated trend-wise with TD performance, which was impaired relative to controls under placebo, but normalized under fluoxetine. Fluoxetine further down-regulated default mode areas of posterior cingulate and precuneus. Comparisons between controls and patients under either drug condition revealed normalization with fluoxetine in right premotor-insular-parietal activation, which was reduced in patients under placebo.ConclusionsThe findings show that a serotonin agonist up-regulates activation in typical ADHD dysfunctional areas in right inferior frontal cortex, insula and striatum as well as down-regulating default mode network regions in the context of impulsivity and TD.