bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Long-Term Particulate Matter Exposure on Respiratory Mortality: Cohort Study in China
Authors: Wang Ying , Wang Zhuohao , Jiang Jie , Guo Tong , Chen Shimin , Li Zhiqiang , Yuan Zhupei , Lin Qiaoxuan , Du Zhicheng , Wei Jing , Hao Yuantao , Zhang Wangjian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Particulate matter (PM), which affects respiratory health, has been well documented; however, substantial evidence from large cohorts is still limited, particularly in highly polluted countries and for PM1.

Objective
Our objective was to examine the potential causal links between long-term exposure to PMs (PM2.5, PM10, and more importantly, PM1) and respiratory mortality.

Methods
A total of 580,757 participants from the Guangzhou area, China, were recruited from 2009 to 2015 and followed up through 2020. The annual average concentrations of PMs at a 1-km spatial resolution around the residential addresses were estimated using validated spatiotemporal models. The marginal structural Cox model was used to estimate the associations of PM exposure with respiratory mortality, accounting for time-varying PM exposure. Results were stratified by demographics and lifestyle behaviors factors.

Results
Among the participants, the mean age was 48.33 (SD 17.55) years, and 275,676 (47.47%) of them were men. During the follow-up period, 7260 deaths occurred due to respiratory diseases. The annual average concentrations of PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 showed a declining trend during the follow-up period. After adjusting for confounders, a 6.6% (95% CI 5.6%‐7.6%), 4.2% (95% CI 3.6%‐4.7%), and 4.0% (95% CI 3.6%‐4.5%) increase in the risk of respiratory mortality was observed following each 1-μg/m3 increase in concentrations of PM1, PM2.5, and PM10, respectively. In addition, older participants, nonsmokers, participants with higher exercise frequency, and those exposed to a lower normalized difference vegetation index tended to be more susceptible to the effects of PMs. Furthermore, participants in the low-exposure group tended to be at a 7.6% and 2.7% greater risk of respiratory mortality following PM1 and PM10 exposure, respectively, compared to the entire cohort.

Conclusions
This cohort study provides causal clues of the respiratory impact of long-term ambient PM exposure, indicating that PM reduction efforts may continuously benefit the population’s respiratory health.
Virtual Reality Simulation in Undergraduate Health Care Education Programs: Usability Study
Authors: Mørk Gry , Bonsaksen Tore , Larsen Ole Sønnik , Kunnikoff Hans Martin , Lie Silje Stangeland 
Published: September 2024

Background
Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly being used in higher education for clinical skills training and role-playing among health care students. Using 360° videos in VR headsets, followed by peer debrief and group discussions, may strengthen students’ social and emotional learning.

Objective
This study aimed to explore student-perceived usability of VR simulation in three health care education programs in Norway.

Methods
Students from one university participated in a VR simulation program. Of these, students in social education (n=74), nursing (n=45), and occupational therapy (n=27) completed a questionnaire asking about their perceptions of the usability of the VR simulation and the related learning activities. Differences between groups of students were examined with Pearson chi-square tests and with 1-way ANOVA. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze data from open-ended questions.

Results
The nursing students were most satisfied with the usability of the VR simulation, while the occupational therapy students were least satisfied. The nursing students had more often prior experience from using VR technology (60%), while occupational therapy students less often had prior experience (37%). Nevertheless, high mean scores indicated that the students experienced the VR simulation and the related learning activities as very useful. The results also showed that by using realistic scenarios in VR simulation, health care students can be prepared for complex clinical situations in a safe environment. Also, group debriefing sessions are a vital part of the learning process that enhance active involvement with peers.

Conclusions
VR simulation has promise and potential as a pedagogical tool in health care education, especially for training soft skills relevant for clinical practice, such as communication, decision-making, time management, and critical thinking.
Evaluation Framework of Large Language Models in Medical Documentation: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Seo Junhyuk , Choi Dasol , Kim Taerim , Cha Won Chul , Kim Minha , Yoo Haanju , Oh Namkee , Yi YongJin , Lee Kye Hwa , Choi Edward 
Published: September 2024

Background
The advancement of large language models (LLMs) offers significant opportunities for health care, particularly in the generation of medical documentation. However, challenges related to ensuring the accuracy and reliability of LLM outputs, coupled with the absence of established quality standards, have raised concerns about their clinical application.

Objective
This study aimed to develop and validate an evaluation framework for assessing the accuracy and clinical applicability of LLM-generated emergency department (ED) records, aiming to enhance artificial intelligence integration in health care documentation.

Methods
We organized the Healthcare Prompt-a-thon, a competitive event designed to explore the capabilities of LLMs in generating accurate medical records. The event involved 52 participants who generated 33 initial ED records using HyperCLOVA X, a Korean-specialized LLM. We applied a dual evaluation approach. First, clinical evaluation: 4 medical professionals evaluated the records using a 5-point Likert scale across 5 criteria—appropriateness, accuracy, structure/format, conciseness, and clinical validity. Second, quantitative evaluation: We developed a framework to categorize and count errors in the LLM outputs, identifying 7 key error types. Statistical methods, including Pearson correlation and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), were used to assess consistency and agreement among evaluators.

Results
The clinical evaluation demonstrated strong interrater reliability, with ICC values ranging from 0.653 to 0.887 (P<.001), and a test-retest reliability Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.776 (P<.001). Quantitative analysis revealed that invalid generation errors were the most common, constituting 35.38% of total errors, while structural malformation errors had the most significant negative impact on the clinical evaluation score (Pearson r=–0.654; P<.001). A strong negative correlation was found between the number of quantitative errors and clinical evaluation scores (Pearson r=–0.633; P<.001), indicating that higher error rates corresponded to lower clinical acceptability.

Conclusions
Our research provides robust support for the reliability and clinical acceptability of the proposed evaluation framework. It underscores the framework’s potential to mitigate clinical burdens and foster the responsible integration of artificial intelligence technologies in health care, suggesting a promising direction for future research and practical applications in the field.
Integrating Real-Time Air Quality Monitoring, Ecological Momentary Assessment, and Spirometry to Evaluate Asthma Symptoms: Usability Study
Authors: Polivka Barbara , Krueger Kathryn , Bimbi Olivia , Huntington-Moskos Luz , Nyenhuis Sharmilee , Cramer Emily , Eldeirawi Kamal 
Published: September 2024

Background
Individuals are exposed to a variety of indoor residential toxins including volatile organic compounds and particulates. In adults with asthma, such exposures are associated with asthma symptoms, asthma exacerbations, and decreased lung function. However, data on these exposures and asthma-related outcomes are generally collected at different times and not in real time. The integration of multiple platforms to collect real-time data on environmental exposure, asthma symptoms, and lung function has rarely been explored.

Objective
This paper describes how adults with asthma perceive the acceptability and usability of three integrated devices: (1) residential indoor air quality monitor, (2) ecological momentary assessment (EMA) surveys delivered via a smartphone app, and (3) home spirometry, over 14 days.

Methods
Participants (N=40) with uncontrolled asthma were mailed the Awair Omni indoor air quality monitor, ZEPHYRx home spirometer, and detailed instructions required for the in-home monitoring. The air quality monitor, spirometer, and EMA app were set up and tested during a videoconference or phone orientation with a research team member. Midway through the 14-day data collection period, participants completed an interview about the acceptability of the study devices or apps, instructional materials provided, and the setup process. At the end of the 14-day data collection period, participants completed a modified System Usability Scale. A random sample of 20 participants also completed a phone interview regarding the acceptability of the study and the impact of the study on their asthma.

Results
Participants ranged in age from 26 to 77 (mean 45, SD 13.5) years and were primarily female (n=36, 90%), White (n=26, 67%), college graduates (n=25, 66%), and residing in a single-family home (n=30, 75%). Most indicated that the air quality monitor (n=23, 58%), the EMA (n=20, 50%), and the spirometer (n=17, 43%) were easy to set up and use. Challenges with the EMA included repetitive surveys, surveys arriving during the night, and technical issues. While the home spirometer was identified as a plausible means to evaluate lung function in real time, the interpretation of the readings was unclear, and several participants reported side effects from home spirometer use. Overall, the acceptability of the study and the System Usability Scale scores were high.

Conclusions
The study devices were highly acceptable and usable. Participant feedback was instrumental in identifying technical challenges that should be addressed in future studies.
Edu-Eco-Tourism Development at The Natural Tourism Object Lore Lindu National Park Tambing
Authors: Subastian Halil , Malik Adam , Sudhartono Arief 
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study were to develop a strategy for developing the Tambing Lake Nature Tourism Object with an environmental education perspective (edu-ecotourism) for students and university students. The research was conducted through field observations, documentation and interviews which were equipped with a list of questions (questionnaires). Determination of respondents was done intentionally (purposive sampling). Furthermore, data analysis, to determine the feasibility of the Telaga Tambing Nature Tourism Object that is able to support the concept of edu-ecotourism, used the Analysis of the Operational Area for Natural Tourism Objects and Attractions (ADO-ODTWA) while to determine the strategy for developing the Tambing Lake Nature Tourism Object with environmental education perspective (edu-ecotourism) for Students and University Students using the analysis of Strenghts, Opportunities, Weaknesses, and Threats (SWOT). The results of the analysis of determining the priority strategy for the development of Telaga Tambing Nature Tourism Objects with Environmental Education/Edu-Ecotourism For Students and Students are the SO strategy, namely (1) maintenance and improvement of Edu-ecotourism-based facilities and infrastructure, (2) make conservation education tour packages for students and Students, (3) establish Conservation Cadre.
Comparison Utilization of Papaya Leaf Extract (Carica papaya) and Mint Leaf Extract (Mentha piperita) in Feed on Production and Quality of Quail Egg
Authors: Kumalasari Rizki Wahita , Rusdi Rusdi , Damayanti Andi Pertiwi 
Published: September 2024

Phytobiotics are derivated from the plants which contains active compounds. They produce antibacterial and antioxidants activity and can improve the condition of the digestive tract. Papaya leaf extracts and mint leaf extracts have the potential as natural phytobiotics because they have antibacterial, antioxidant properties, can improve alimentary tract conditions and increase the absorption of nutrients in the feed. The aim of this study was to compare the utilization of papaya leaf extract (EDP) and mint leaf extract (EDM) in feed on the production and quality of quail egg. A hundried and fourty quails of 42 days age were arranged in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replicates (7 quails per replicate). The treatment diets consisted of P0 = Basal diet only (Control), P1 = Basal diet + 100 ppm EDP, P2 = Basal diet + 200 ppm EDP, P3 = Basal diet + 100 ppm EDM and P4 = Basal diet + 200 ppm EDM. The results approved that mint leaf extract reduces in feed consumption, increase egg production and mass and reduce feed conversion values, in contrast the papaya leaf extract ​​produce non-significant on those variables. However, papaya leaf extract was able to increase more white index values and haugh unit ​​of quail egg, while mint leaf extract increased more yolk index values. The addition of 100 ppm mint leaf extract resulted in the highest value of egg production and egg mass. Therefore, the perfomance and quality of eggs in mint leaf group were better than papaya leaf group.
Passive Investment and Share Repurchases
Authors: Bratten Brian , Huang Meng , Payne Jeff L. 
Published: September 2024

SYNOPSIS
We investigate the association between passive investment and share repurchases, both of which are at historically high levels and the subject of increased scrutiny. We first document that firms with more passive ownership exhibit higher levels of repurchase activity. Next, and more importantly, we find that firms with passive ownership conduct more “suspect” repurchases that result in reported earnings that meet or beat analysts’ earnings forecasts, and this effect is more pronounced for firms with performance-based equity compensation incentive plans. We also find that repurchase activity more negatively affects firms’ future employment, capital expenditures, and performance when the firm has more passive owners. We conclude that passive investment is associated with an increase in the quantity and a reduction in the quality of firms’ repurchase activities. Our study provides evidence that passive institutional investment may allow opportunistic management behavior rather than serving the monitoring role traditionally associated with institutional ownership.
Data availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: M41; G32; G35.
Efficacy of planned moderate to severe torque changes in mandibular central incisors with an initial series of Invisalign aligners: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Rajan Nancy , Weir Tony , Meade Maurice J. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To determine whether the achieved mandibular central incisor lingual root torque (LRT) changes matched the planned changes after treatment with an initial series of Invisalign aligners when ≥10° of torque change was planned.

Materials and Methods
A sample of adult patients who underwent treatment with the Invisalign appliance between 2013 and 2021 were evaluated. The pretreatment, planned, and achieved posttreatment digital models were measured using Geomagic Control X metrology software. The effect of age, number of prescribed aligners, sex, the presence of power ridges (PRs), and differing weekly wear protocols (WPs) in relation to the achieved LRT changes were determined.

Results
Seventy mandibular central incisors from 35 patients satisfied inclusion criteria. The accuracy of the achieved lower incisor LRT compared with that planned was 58.2%. Underexpression of planned torque changes was observed in most incisors (N = 66; 94.3%), with a clinically significant shortfall (≥5°) observed in 68.6% (N = 42) teeth. Patient age, sex, the WP, or the presence of PRs did not influence the differences between planned and achieved outcomes (P &gt; .05). The prescribed number of aligners was influential in the difference between the planned and achieved torque outcomes (P &lt; .01).

Conclusions
Underexpression of mandibular central incisor root torque was observed in most incisors in patients when ≥10° change in LRT was planned. Lower incisor LRT was not significantly affected by the presence of PRs or differences in WPs.
Inovasi Peralatan bayi: Ayunan Bayi Otomatis Berbasis Arduino Mega dengan Fitur Monitoring Tangisan Bayi melalui Aplikasi Blynk
Authors: Gumelar Salsabila Tri , Kristianti Veronica Ernita , Utami Priska Restu 
Published: September 2024

Pemanfaatan perkembangan teknologi dapat dilihat pada peralatan rumah tangga yang mulai canggih dengan menerapkan sistem otomasi. Banyak kendala yang terjadi pada ibu ketika menidurkan bayinya, oleh karena itu untuk membantu meringankan tugas ibu maka perlu adanya alat otomatis yang dapat menidurkan bayi. Salah satunya adalah alat pengayun otomatis yang dapat bergerak sendiri tanpa tarikan atau dorongan dari manusia. Prototipe ini bekerja jika terdeteksi air maka sensor raindrop akan memberi informasi ke aplikasi monitoring bahwa bayi sedang mengompol, sensor suara jika mendeteksi suara tangisan bayi akan mengirimkan sinyal ke aplikasi monitoring bahwa bayi sedang menangis Kemudian motor stepper akan menggerakkan keranjang bayi setiap terdeteksinya suara tangisan bayi dan DFPlayer akan memutar musik untuk menenangkan bayi sementara, sebelum ibu menghampiri bayi nya. Hasil pengujian sensor suara bekerja sesuai dengan perancangan. Sensor raindrop dapat mendeteksi air dengan rentang rata-rata dari 1 ml – 50 ml dan sensor mic dapat mendeteksi suara tangisan bayi yang memiliki rata – rata 72 – 90 dB dan mengaktifkan ayunan serta musik selama 30 detik.
Implementasi Pengenalan Musuh Berbasis Image Processing Pada Robot Penjaga Di Daerah Pos Pengamanan Di Wilayah Papua
Authors: Muzakki Arif , Widiatmoko Dekki , Irwansyah Achmad Afif , Syafaat Mokhammad , Sridaryono Aguk 
Published: September 2024

Era Revolusi 4.0 telah memberikan perubahan disegala aspek kehidupan termasuk pada teknologi Militer yang saat ini telah menghadirkan beberapa teknologi militer seperti unmanned system, sistem robotik yang berkolaborasi dengan Big Data yang mampu untuk mendeteksi ancaman dan serangan musuh. Indonesia sebagai negara yang kaya terhadap sumber alam masih belum terbebas dari konflik bersenjata. Papua menjadi wilayah paling tinggi terjadi konflik bersenjata di Indonesia. KKB diklaim sebagai dalang dari setiap serangan yang terjadi. Serangan yang digencarkan KKB tidak hanya melukai warga sipil, namun juga personel TNI-POLRI hingga Pos Militer atau Pos jaga. Belum adanya teknologi khusus pada Pos Militer atau Pos Jaga sehingga dalam mengantisipasi serangan mengandalkan kesigapan dari personel yang bertugas. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut, penulis ingin menghadirkan robot penjaga yang dapat diaplikasikan pada Pos Militer di Papua. Robot penjaga yang diusulkan peneliti didukung dengan senjata SS2 v2 serta terintegrasi dengan kamera yang memungkinkan mengenali musuh atau kawan. Proses pengenalan musuh atau kawan mengimplementasikan image processing. Hasil pengenalan akan dikirim ke layar yang ada di Pos Militer melalui video sender. Hasil dari penelitian diperoleh sistem dapat bekerja dengan baik dari jarak 2 meter hingga 12 meter. Perubahan sudut juga memberikan pengaruh terhadap hasil pengenalan objek musuh atau kawan dan hasil pengenalan terbaik diperoleh pada sudut 0o hingga 60o. Intesitas cahaya yang terukur 0 Lux menghasilkan pengenalan objek musuh atau kawan yang buruk dan pengujian perubahan intensitas meliputi 169, 271, 341 dan 412 masih menghasilkan pengenalan objek musuh atau kawan dalam kategori baik.
Sustainable Habitat Management in the Ecuadorian Coastal Region From Local Development
Authors: Gómez Pedro José Rodríguez , Pinoargote Gabriela Electra Medina , Yero Adela María García , Riverón Guberto Cánovas , Rebolledo Washington Juan Gil , Gómez José Andrés Rodríguez 
Published: September 2024

Objective: The purpose of the research is to demonstrate the use of sustainable habitat management systems with alternative and traditional materials in Latin America that serve as references for their use in Ecuador, from local development.

Theoretical Framework: Based on sustainable habitat management systems, this study focuses on the use of sustainable building materials as a response to habitat problems is one of the urgent alternatives for Ecuador.

Method: The methodology adopted for this research was based on the importance of sustainable habitat management in the Ecuadorian coastal region from local development. This is done through the review of existing related information from secondary sources of bibliographic and informative nature to later proceed to issue general conclusions.

Results and Discussion: The management of sustainable habitat is an alternative for the local development of autonomous governments by allowing to build decent, durable and comfortable homes, use own resources and not require highly specialized labor and be in correspondence with the traditions of the country.

Implications of the research: This study shows that the country has a high production of rice, whose residues are not used efficiently, causing environmental pollution.

Originality/Value: Also as a result, two houses built, in 1992 and 2020 respectively, that have validated the feasibility of the proposal. A flexible system is achieved, low energy consumption, resistant, with characteristics that favor the acoustic and thermal insulation and good aesthetic finish.
The Janus Face of Morality & the Two Roots of Moral Foundations
Authors: Çağlar Mustafa Emre 
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The intrinsic dynamics of altruism have not been adequately addressed in the morality literature. This study reduces the gap by constructing a framework, in the triangle of self, sacrifice and morality. Theoretical Framework: Regular meditative processes accompanied by a mantra, increases the value projection capacity of the self, and therefore increases the value attributed to human and transcendent conceptions; while liberals and conservatives project different levels of value on these conceptions in the first place. As a result of the increase, sensitivity to the difference between things that happen and (moral) things that should happen increases and attempts to bridge this gap, often require altruism. Method: To test this framework, altruism level of 230 subjects towards 'human' and 'transcendent conceptions' (THCS) was measured and associated with the MFQ, and the frequency of transcendental meditative experiences of the same sample was questioned. Results and Discussion: While sacrifice towards human was equally correlated with five foundations of the MFQ, sacrifice towards transcendent conceptions correlated at a higher level with only the binding foundations. It was also observed that those who conduct transandantal-meditative states via various rituals, and especially those who experienced ‘awe’ during these processes, achieved significantly higher scores on both the THCS and the MFQ as a whole. Finally, the morality literature was assessed with the help of the current theoretical framework. Research Implications: It seems that ancient rituals are powerful tools for the establishment of morality. Orginality: The relationship between morality and ‘religious ritual induced awe’ has been questioned statistically for the first time through the MFQ.