bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Literature on Cervical Spine Fractures in Ankylosing Spinal Disorders
Authors: Hartmann Sebastian , Tschugg Anja , Wipplinger Christoph , Thomé Claudius 
Published: May 2017

Study Design: Narrative literature review. Objective: The numbers of low-energy cervical fractures seen in patients suffering from ankylosing spondylitis (also known as Bechterew disease) or diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (also known as Forestier disease) have greatly increased over recent decades. These fractures tend to be particularly overlooked, leading to delayed diagnosis and secondary neurological deterioration. The aim of the present evaluation was to summarize current knowledge on cervical fractures in patients with ankylosing spinal disorders (ASDs). Methods: The literature was analyzed through an extensive PubMed search focusing on cervical fractures, especially with delayed diagnosis. Results: In ASDs, it was mainly the cervical spine that was found to be affected by fractures. Fifty percent of ASD patients had neurological deficits at admission, with a high probability of secondary deterioration due to an initially missed diagnosis. Multislice high-resolution imaging techniques should be the radiological standard of care if a vertebral fracture is suspected. Nevertheless, many of these spinal fractures are overlooked, leading to feared secondary deterioration of existing unstable fractures. Long posterior instrumentations were found to be the treatment of choice, followed by anterior and combined anterior-posterior instrumentations. Conclusions: Delayed diagnosis of cervical fractures in ASDs contributes to initially misinterpreted clinical symptoms, inadequate imaging techniques, and a lack of knowledge about this disease entity due to its peculiarities. Thorough assessment of the patients’ neurological morbidity at admission might reduce the occurrence of the associated fractures. The biomechanical behavior of ASD fractures is completely different from that of non-ASD fractures, so that the treatment strategy for these patients should be at least surgical, in combination with long dorsal instrumentations or combined anterior-posterior approaches.
Sacral Fractures and Associated Injuries
Authors: Rodrigues-Pinto Ricardo , Kurd Mark F. , Schroeder Gregory D. , Kepler Christopher K. , Krieg James C. , Holstein Jörg H. , Bellabarba Carlo , Firoozabadi Reza , Oner F. Cumhur , Kandziora Frank , Dvorak Marcel F. , Kleweno Conor P. , Vialle Luiz R. , Rajasekaran S. , Schnake Klause J. , Vaccaro Alexander R. 
Published: May 2017

Study Design: Literature review. Objective: The aim of this review is to describe the injuries associated with sacral fractures and to analyze their impact on patient outcome. Methods: A comprehensive narrative review of the literature was performed to identify the injuries associated with sacral fractures. Results: Sacral fractures are uncommon injuries that result from high-energy trauma, and that, due to their rarity, are frequently underdiagnosed and mistreated. Only 5% of sacral fractures occur in isolation. Injuries most often associated with sacral fractures include neurologic injuries (present in up to 50% of sacral fractures), pelvic ring disruptions, hip and lumbar spine fractures, active pelvic/ abdominal bleeding and the presence of an open fracture or significant soft tissue injury. Diagnosis of pelvic ring fractures and fractures extending to the lumbar spine are key factors for the appropriate management of sacral fractures. Importantly, associated systemic (cranial, thoracic, and abdominopelvic) or musculoskeletal injuries should be promptly assessed and addressed. These associated injuries often dictate the management and eventual outcome of sacral fractures and, therefore, any treatment algorithm should take them into consideration. Conclusions: Sacral fractures are complex in nature and often associated with other often-missed injuries. This review summarizes the most relevant associated injuries in sacral fractures and discusses on their appropriate management.
Hybrid versus double bundle hamstring ACL reconstruction – a review of 626 cases
Authors: Annear Peter , Kejriwal Ritwik 
Published: May 2017

Objectives: Since 2008, we have offered patients Hybrid ACL (hamstring plus LARS ligament) graft or double bundle hamstring graft. We allow the patients with Hybrid ACL to jog at 2 months and return to sports at 6 months. In comparison we allow the double bundle hamstring group to jog at 4 months and return to sports at 12 months. We considered the hybrid graft, due to its initial stiffness, would allow safe accelerated rehabilitation. Our primary aim was to establish whether Hybrid ACL graft has a higher failure rate compared to double bundle hamstring graft. Our secondary aim was to compare reoperation rates and clinic visit rates between the two groups. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of skeletally mature patients that underwent primary isolated ACL reconstruction by the senior author between 2008 and 2015 comparing double bundle hybrid ACL (DB Hyb), single bundle hybrid ACL (SB Hyb), and double bundle hamstring ACL (DB Ham) graft types. Charts were reviewed to assess reoperation rate, complication rate, re-rupture rate, and number of clinic visits. Graft tensioning positions, remnant sparing percentage, and concurrent meniscal procedures were reviewed as well. Results: 626 patients met the inclusion criteria. DB Hyb group had more males (77%) and a longer mean follow up (5.6 years) than the other two groups. Rerupture rates were 1.2% per year for DB hyb, 0.5% per year for SB Hyb, and 0.8% per year for DB Ham group. DB Hyb group trended towards a higher reoperation rate for arthrofibrosis compared to DB Ham (9.4% vs 4.7%, p-value 0.054). There was no difference in number of clinic visits between the 3 groups. Conclusion: Double bundle hybrid ACL group was associated with higher rates of arthrofibrosis surgery but equivalent rates of failure.
The influence of posterior medial meniscocapsular lesions on tibiofemoral joint laxity with ACL deficiency and reconstruction
Authors: Williams Andy , Stephen Jo , Halewood Camilla , Kittl Christoph , Amis Andrew , Bollen Steve 
Published: May 2017

Introduction: Injury to the posterior medial meniscocapsular junction (the ‘ramp’ lesion) occurs at the time of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture (10-24% of cases); however there is a lack of objective evidence investigating how this affects knee kinematics. It is often missed when viewed arthroscopically from the front of the medial compartment as it can only be seen with the arthroscope in the posteromedial recess. Objectives: To investigate the biomechanical impact of the ‘ramp lesion’ on the ACL deficient and ACL reconstructed knee and the impact of suture repair of the lesion on the same knee states. Methods: Nine fresh frozen cadaveric knees were mounted in a 6 degrees of freedom rig where knee kinematics were recorded at 10° intervals from 0°-100° using an optical tracking system. Measurements were recorded using the following loading conditions: 90 N anterior and posterior tibial forces, 5 Nm internal and external tibial rotation torques, and a combined 90 N anterior tibial force and 5 Nm external tibial rotation torque. Manual Rolimeter readings of anterior translation were taken at 30° and 90°. The knees were tested in the following order: (1) intact, (2) ACL deficient, (3) ACL deficient + posterior meniscocapsule sectioned, (4) ACL deficient + posterior meniscocapsule repaired, (5) ACL patellar tendon reconstruction with posterior meniscocapsule repair and (6) ACL reconstructed + capsular lesion re-created. Statistical analysis was undertaken using repeated-measures ANOVA and post-hoc paired t-tests with Bonferonni correction. Results: Tibial anterior translation and external rotational laxities were both significantly increased compared to the ACL deficient knee following posterior meniscocapsular sectioning ( P < 0.05). These were both restored following ACL reconstruction and meniscocapsular lesion repair ( P > 0.05). Significant changes in anterior tibial translation between the different knee states were identified with the Rolimeter, indicating these changes are clinically detectable ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: Anterior and external rotational laxities were significantly increased after mimicking the ‘ramp lesion’ by sectioning of the posteromedial meniscocapsular junction in an ACL-deficient knee. These were not restored after ACL reconstruction alone but were restored with ACL reconstruction combined with posterior meniscocapsular repair. Tibial anterior translation changes were clinically detectable by use of the Rolimeter. This study suggests that unrepaired posteromedial meniscocapsular lesions will allow abnormal meniscal and tibiofemoral laxity to persist postoperatively, predisposing the knee to meniscal and articular damage but also adding avoidable extra strain on an ACL graft, which may yield.
Repair of posterior medial meniscal root tears in the setting of Outerbridge III and IV cartilage damage
Authors: Witherow Andrew , Young James , Myers Peter 
Published: May 2017

Objectives: Reporting the clinical outcomes of our cohort of patients who underwent arthroscopic transtibial posterior medial meniscal root tear repair (MMRTr) in those patients who had Outerbridge cartilage degeneration of III or IV. Methods: 29 consecutive patients with isolated MMRT underwent trans-tibial repair with all patients completing pre-operative scoring and 20 patients completing both pre and post-operative questionnaires. Of this there were 18 patients who had Outerbridge III or IV cartilage degeneration in the medial compartment at the time of surgery. Data was collected prospectively to include the Oxford Knee Score (OKS), the Lysholm Score (LS), the Tegner Activity Level Scale (TS) and International Knee Documentation Committee Score (IKDC). Results: In the 18 patient cohort there was a mean age at the time of surgery of 57.22 (range 40 – 71) years and the mean follow up period was 26.77 (7.2 – 94.53) months. There was statistically significant improvement across all scoring measures (OKS p = 5.94e-07, LS p = 2.40e-07, IKDC p = 4.17e-06 and TS p = 0.023) in this cohort. Conclusion: There was a significant improvement in the clinical outcomes of all patients who underwent MMRTr despite the presence of Outerbridge III or IV cartilage injury.
Outcomes of primary total knee arthroplasty in patients with Parkinson’s disease: A Case Control Comparison Study
Authors: Parker David , Wong Eugene 
Published: May 2017

Introduction and Aims: There is considerable debate and a paucity of evidence regarding whether Total Knee Replacement (TKR) is of benefit in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and knee osteoarthritis, and whether PD would compromise the outcome of TKR. Therefore, we aimed to compare the effect of TKR on range of motion and Oxford Knee Scores (OKS) between PD patients and age-matched controls at 1 year follow-up. Methods: A cohort of 45 knees from 35 patients was identified as having a confirmed diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease and received a primary TKR between January 2004 and December 2015, which was extracted from a clinical database (Socrates, v3.5, Orthosoft, AUS) maintained by two orthopaedic surgeons in two hospitals. An age-matched control group (mean age: 73 years) of 45 knees from 41 patients without Parkinson’s disease was randomly computer-generated from the same database. The indication for TKR in both groups was osteoarthritis, an independent assessment of each knee to meet appropriate selection criteria for TKR, as well as preoperative physician review for medical comorbidities. Outcome measures analysed in the study were the difference in pre-operative range of motion (RoM) and 12-point Oxford Knee Scores and at 1-year follow-up respectively. Postoperative complications and revisions were also recorded during the follow-up period. Results: In the PD group, RoM improved from a mean of 100 degrees preoperatively to 114 degrees at 12 months, compared to the control group which improved from a mean of 102 degrees to 114 degrees respectively. OKS in the Parkinson’s group improved from a mean of 23 preoperatively to 38 at 12 months compared to 23 preoperatively and 40 at 12 months in the control group. After adjusting for sex, we found that the difference in the ROM and OKS between the Parkinson’s and control groups was not significantly different (p = 0.9725; 0.6450 respectively). Furthermore, in all Parkinson’s patients the minimal clinically important difference for OKS (≥6) was achieved at 1-year follow-up (4). There were no mortalities during the study follow-up period, with 4 complications in the PD group (DVT, superficial infection) and two in the control group (DVT, bowel pseudo-obstruction). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that TKR provides comparable outcomes with regard to range of movement and ambulatory function in patients with Parkinson’s disease who are also suffering from severe osteoarthritis. We also feel that TKR has an acceptable complication profile in this subgroup of patients. The presence of PD does not appear to compromise the outcome of TKR in these patients, and the same indications for TKR should therefore apply as for the general OA population.
Bone marrow failure unresponsive to bone marrow transplant is caused by mutations in thrombopoietin
Authors: Seo Aaron , Ben-Harosh Miri , Sirin Mehtap , Stein Jerry , Dgany Orly , Kaplelushnik Joseph , Hoenig Manfred , Pannicke Ulrich , Lorenz Myriam , Schwarz Klaus , Stockklausner Clemens , Walsh Tom , Gulsuner Suleyman , Lee Ming K. , Sendamarai Anoop , Sanchez-Bonilla Marilyn , King Mary-Claire , Cario Holger , Kulozik Andreas E. , Debatin Klaus-Michael , Schulz Ansgar , Tamary Hannah , Shimamura Akiko 
Published: May 2017

Key Points
Germ line biallelic loss-of-function THPO mutations cause BMF. Marrow failure due to THPO mutations is characterized by poor graft function after transplantation but responds to THPO receptor agonists.
Unacylated ghrelin modulates circulating angiogenic cell number in insulin-resistant states
Authors: Özcan Behiye , Leenen Pieter J. M. , Delhanty Patric J. D. , Baldéon-Rojas Lucy Y. , Neggers Sebastian J. , van der Lely Aart Jan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundType 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with reduced numbers and impaired function of circulating angiogenic cells (CAC) which contributes to the progression of atherosclerosis and microvascular disease. Previous studies suggest that short-term infusion of unacylated ghrelin (UAG) normalizes CAC number in patients with T2D. To determine dose-dependent effects of short-term infusion of UAG in T2D patients using a cross-over model, and of long-term infusion of UAG in obese mice, on differentiation of monocyte progenitors into CAC.MethodsEight overweight T2D patients were infused overnight with 3 and 10 µg/kg/h of UAG in a double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study. To assess the effects of long-term UAG treatment, obese mice were infused with UAG for 4 weeks. Monocyte progenitors were assessed for their ability to differentiate into CAC in vitro.ResultsIn T2D patients, UAG treatment caused a reduction in differentiation of CAC, dependent on UAG dose and differentiation method. However, mice treated with UAG showed a significant increase in differentiation of bone marrow progenitors into CAC.ConclusionUAG causes a minor suppressive effect on CAC development after short-term treatment in humans, but experiments in mice suggest that long-term treatment has beneficial effects on CAC formation.The Netherlands Trial Register: TC=2487
PLC-based design of monitoring system for ICT-integrated vertical fish farm
Authors: Huh Jun-Ho 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe common cause of the mass mortality of fishes in a fish farm is a power failure. There can be many reasons for the power failures but most of them are the result of natural disasters, systematic faults, ill-willed sabotages, or mistakes of employees. Such incidents usually have a bad influence upon small or medium-scale farmers. To deal with unexpected power failures, this research proposes a status monitoring system utilizing both PLC and ICT. Consistent supply of electric power in Fish Farms is essential for the operation and management of farm facilities regardless of them being indoors or afloat. The statistics show that the power failure and the red tides are the major causes of ruining farmer’s earnings. The proposed system is autonomous and simple enough for the employees to operate such that prompt actions can be taken in times of crisis. There have been some concerns about applying the PLC technology as it often involves loss of transmission signals. To minimize signal losses, use of RUDP in the transmission layer was proposed as well. At the same time, a GUI-based operational mode has been embedded in the Android application to enhance user convenience for observing and managing farm’s activities such as controlling of seawater and farm accesses and checking locations, photoperiods, withdrawal periods, and system’s batteries. The proposed design can be quite suitable for the Vertical Fish Farm.
TRPC1 is a differential regulator of hypoxia-mediated events and Akt signalling in PTEN-deficient breast cancer cells
Authors: Azimi Iman , Milevskiy Michael J. G. , Kaemmerer Elke , Turner Dane , Yapa Kunsala T. D. S. , Brown Melissa A. , Thompson Erik W. , Roberts-Thomson Sarah J. , Monteith Gregory R. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
Hypoxia is a feature of the tumour microenvironment that promotes invasiveness, resistance to chemotherapeutics and cell survival. Our studies identify the transient receptor potential canonical-1 (TRPC1) ion channel as a key component of responses to hypoxia in breast cancer cells. This regulation includes control of specific epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) events and hypoxia-mediated activation of signalling pathways such as activation of the EGFR, STAT3 and the autophagy marker LC3B, through hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α)-dependent and -independent mechanisms. TRPC1 regulated HIF1α levels in PTEN-deficient MDA-MB-468 and HCC1569 breast cancer cell lines. This regulation arises from effects on the constitutive translation of HIF1α under normoxic conditions via an Akt-dependent pathway. In further support of the role of TRPC1 in EMT, its expression is closely associated with EMT- and metastasis-related genes in breast tumours, and is enhanced in basal B breast cancer cell lines. TRPC1 expression is also significantly prognostic for basal breast cancers, particularly those classified as lymph node positive. The defined roles of TRPC1 identified here could be therapeutically exploited for the control of oncogenic pathways in breast cancer cells.
Disruptive colouration in reef fish: does matching the background reduce predation risk?
Authors: Phillips Genevieve A. C. , How Martin J. , Lange Julia E. , Marshall N. Justin , Cheney Karen L. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
Animals use disruptive colouration to prevent detection or recognition by potential predators or prey. Highly contrasting elements within colour patterns, including vertical or horizontal bars, are thought to be effective at distracting attention away from body form and reducing detection likelihood. However, it is unclear whether such patterns need to be a good match to the spatial characteristics of the background to gain cryptic benefits. We tested this hypothesis using the iconic vertically barred humbug damselfish, Dascyllus aruanus (Linneaus 1758), a small reef fish that lives among the finger-like projections of branching coral colonies. Using behavioural experiments, we demonstrated that the spatial frequency of the humbug pattern does not need to exactly match the spatial frequency of the coral background to reduce the likelihood of being attacked by two typical reef fish predators: slingjaw wrasse, Epibulus insidiator (Pallas 1770), and coral trout, Plectropomus leopardus (Lacépède 1802). Indeed, backgrounds with a slightly higher spatial frequency than the humbug body pattern provided more protection from predation than well-matched backgrounds. These results were consistent for both predator species, despite differences in their mode of foraging and visual acuity, which was measured using anatomical techniques. We also showed that a slight mismatch in the orientation of the vertical bars did not increase the chances of detection. However, the likelihood of attack did increase significantly when the bars were perpendicular to the background. Our results provide evidence that fish camouflage is more complex than it initially appears, with likely many factors influencing the detection likelihood of prey by relevant predators.
Case Report: Multiple hemorrhagic metastases to the brain from primary lung choriocarcinoma
Authors: Munakomi Sunil 
Published: May 2017

Herein we report a very rare entity of multiple hemorrhagic metastases to the brain from a primary lung choriocarcinoma in a young woman. The patient presented with recent onset of progressive headache, decreased level of consciousness and multiple episodes of vomiting. CT of the head revealed multiple hemorrhagic lesions within the brain. The patient’s serum B-human chorionic gonadotrophin was increased. A chest X-ray revealed a right lung mass. The patient urgently underwent operative excision of the lesion in the posterior fossa, so as to prevent impending tonsillar herniation. The histology from the lesion provided the diagnosis of choriocarcinoma. After surgery, ultrasonography of the abdomen and pelvis was normal, and a chest CT revealed an enhanced and highly vascular right apical lung lesion, suggestive of lung primary choriocarcinoma, with regard to the clinical background. The patient was then started on chemotherapy, following which her serum B-HCG level decreased rapidly. This case highlights the importance of keeping this entity in the differential diagnosis of hemorrhagic lesions in any patients of a child bearing age. Early diagnosis and rapid initiation of multimodal therapy is prudent for ensuring a good outcome from an otherwise rapidly metastasizing and highly vascular lesion.
CONTRADICTION ASH-AND-SLAG OF TPP
Authors: Безгласный Кирил , Bezglasnyy Kiril , Скориков Роман , Skorikov Roman , Шаля Артем , Shalya Artem , Овчинников Р , Ovchinnikov R , Авакян Арсен , Avakyan Arsen , Потехин Алексей , Potekhin Aleksey 
Published: May 2017

This article shows the obstacles of using thermal power plant’s ash waste on an industrial scale.
The results of determining the activity of fly ash and hydroremoval ash in a mixture with Portland cement are given.
Schemes of translation ash from the category of waste with heterogeneous characteristics in the raw material with stable properties are offered. The most rational ways of using ash from thermal power plants in building materials are presented
ABOUT THE MODE INFLUENCE OF APPLYING SHOCK LOADS ON THE INDICATORS OF COMPACTIBILITY OF CLAY LOAM
Authors: Монтаева Хасият , Montaeva Khasiyat , Байтемиров Мухан , Baytemirov Mukhan , Бекбасаров Исабай , Bekbasarov Isabay , Исаков Галым , Isakov Galym 
Published: May 2017

The results of tests of samples of clay loam on the effects
of different modes of applying multiple shocks are presented. The
influence of shock loading conditions on the deformability of the samples, their density and power consumption of upcompaction are assessed. Revealed that the highest density is typical for samples compacted at a linearly increasing load conditions, and the lowest – at constant load conditions.