bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract P2-06-05: LINC00478: A novel tumor suppressor in breast cancer
Authors: Gökmen-Polar Y , Zavodszky M , Chen X , Gu X , Kodira C , Badve S 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Background:
LncRNAs may play a role in cancer and serve as new potential targets for improving cancer diagnosis, prognosis or treatment. Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 478 (LINC00478), the miR99a-let-7c cluster host gene, has been shown to be downregulated in estrogen-independent ER-positive (ER+) breast cancer cells. However, its expression in breast tumors and its significance in recurrence has not been well characterized.
Methods:
The clinical relevance of LINC00478 in ER+ breast tumors was first determined by analysis of the expression levels in MiTranscriptome database (RNAseq-based), which contains ∼8000 most differentially expressed lncRNAs for each cancer and/or tissue type. Additionally, the expression of LINC00478 mRNA was determined in a) a cohort of matched pairs of primary and (nodal) metastatic tumors (n=18) (RNA-seq) and b) a cohort of 60 paraffin-embedded ER-positive, node-negative breast carcinomas with Oncotype DX recurrence scores (QRT-PCR).
Results:
LINC00478 was significantly downregulated in patients with ER-positive tumors compared to uninvolved normal breast tissue. In RNA-seq analysis, metastatic tumors had significant low expression as compared to matched primary tumors (FC: -2.2 fold-down; P=0.0027). Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that LINC00478 expression was significantly lower in ER+ node-negative patients with Oncotype DX high recurrence score when compared with low recurrence score patients (FC: -4.14-fold down; P=0.02).
Conclusion:
We document for the first time that LINC00478 functions as a tumor suppressor in ER-positive breast cancer. Its loss is associated with tumor progression and recurrence/metastasis. Novel strategies that focus on re-expression of LINC00478 might be useful for targeting breast cancer and preventing the metastases.
Citation Format: Gökmen-Polar Y, Zavodszky M, Chen X, Gu X, Kodira C, Badve S. LINC00478: A novel tumor suppressor in breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-06-05.
Abstract P4-04-03: Targeting of phosphatidylserine by monoclonal antibodies augments the activity of immune checkpoint inhibitor PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in murine breast tumors
Authors: Gray M , Gong J , Nguyen V , Hutchins J , Freimark B 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a phospholipid that typically resides in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane in many types of cells, including both tumor and tumor associated endothelial cells. Conditions that cause cellular stress, including those that occur from oxygen radicals, hypoxia, irradiation, and chemotherapy, cause a dramatic shift in PS localization. This change in localization results in PS shifting to the outer plasma membrane, allowing its recognition by components of the tumor microenvironment. Recognition of PS promotes an immunosuppressive environment that encourages tumor growth, in part by promoting the recruitment of myeloid derived suppressor cells, immature dendritic cells, and M2-like macrophages, in addition to inducing production of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Currently the chimeric PS-targeting antibody, bavituximab, is being used in combination with chemotherapies to treat patients with solid tumors in multiple late-stage clinical trials, where it is believe to help augment the efficacy of chemotherapeutics by blockade of PS-mediated immunosuppression and triggering an Fc-FcR mediated pro-inflammatory response in the tumor microenvironment. While the results with PS targeting therapies with chemotherapeutics are encouraging, the effectiveness of PS targeting therapies in conjunction with therapies towards immune checkpoint regulators remains largely unknown. To better understand the role of PS-targeting in breast cancers, and its effectiveness when used in combination with checkpoint inhibitors, immune competent mice harboring either EMT-6 or E0771 breast tumors were utilized. Treatments comprised PS targeting antibodies and an anti-PD1 antibody (to interrupt the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling axis) either alone or in combination with each other, and the effect on tumor growth and immune suppression determined. In both models, which showed differential sensitivity to therapy, the inclusion of PS targeting antibodies with the checkpoint blocker antibody had a significantly greater anti-tumor response than either single agent alone.
Citation Format: Gray M, Gong J, Nguyen V, Hutchins J, Freimark B. Targeting of phosphatidylserine by monoclonal antibodies augments the activity of immune checkpoint inhibitor PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in murine breast tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-04-03.
Abstract PD1-07: Mammographic density and SNPs add to Tyrer-Cuzick and Gail model breast cancer risk in a UK screening cohort
Authors: Evans DG , Astley SM , Brentnall A , Howell A , Cuzick J 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Background: The predicting risk of cancer at screening study (PROCAS) in Manchester UK is a prospective study of breast cancer risk estimation. This article considers whether mammographic density and SNPs in PROCAS may help refine breast cancer risk estimation using the Gail (BCRAT) and Tyrer-Cuzick (TC, or IBIS) models, based on incident and prevalent breast cancers identified between two three-yearly screening rounds.
Methods: Mammographic density was measured at entry as a percentage using the average visual assessment from two trained readers. Tyrer-Cuzick and Gail risks were based on a questionnaire completed at the same time. The contribution of density to risk models was assessed after adjustment for age and body mass index (BMI) using odds ratios (ORs) and profile likelihood confidence intervals (CIs). A secondary analysis compared cancer pathology characteristics using a two-sided Wilcoxon test. Eighteen breast cancer risk variants (SNP18) were assessed with a polygenic risk score (PRS) alongside TC and density in a subset of 8870 women with 341 prospective cancers.
Results: Analysis included 50628 women of routine screening age (47-73 yrs), recruited between Aug 2009 and Jul 2014. 697 had a breast cancer diagnosed after enrolment. Median follow-up was 3.2 years. Visually assessed percentage breast density (inter-quartile range odds ratio (IQR OR) 1.48 (95%CI 1.34-1.63)) was a slightly stronger univariate risk factor than TC (IQR OR 1.36 (1.25-1.48)) or Gail (IQR OR 1.22 (1.12-1.33)). It continued to add information after allowing for TC (IQR OR 1.47 (1.33-1.62)) or Gail (IQR OR 1.45 (1.32-1.60)). 36472/50628 (72%) women had less than 3.5% 10-yr risk from the TC model and breast density combined. Women with dense breasts were more likely to have a higher stage breast cancer (P &lt;.001). SNP18 showed a 2 fold relative breast cancer risk between the top and bottom quintile. Using a combined analysis of SNP18, TC and density there was a 5.6 fold risk between those identified at NICE defined high risk compared to low risk.
Conclusion: Breast density and SNPs when combined with the TC or Gail risk model identify a larger number of high risk women at screening, and it is associated with higher stage of disease. Approximately 70% of women are identified with a combined TC and density risk assessment of less than 3.5% 10-yr risk (average or less than average risk), for whom three-yearly screening might be effective. SNP18 adds further precision and addition of further newly identified SNPs is likely to add greater discrimination.
Citation Format: Evans DG, Astley SM, Brentnall A, Howell A, Cuzick J. Mammographic density and SNPs add to Tyrer-Cuzick and Gail model breast cancer risk in a UK screening cohort. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD1-07.
Abstract S4-07: Tamoxifen resistance driven by the DNA cytosine deaminase APOBEC3B in recurrent estrogen receptor positive breast cancer
Authors: Harris R , Law E , Sieuwerts A , LaPara K , Leonard B , Starrett G , Temiz NA , Sweep F , Span P , Foekens J , Martens J , Yee D 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Recent studies have implicated the DNA cytosine deaminase APOBEC3B as a major source of mutation in breast cancer. APOBEC3B explains a large proportion of both dispersed and clustered cytosine mutations, the latter of which are also called kataegis. APOBEC3B expression levels correlate with poor outcomes for patients with estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. While targeted therapies, such as tamoxifen, are available to treat these tumors, secondary drug resistance often develops. Here we suppressed endogenous APOBEC3B in the estrogen receptor positive breast cell line MCF-7L with shRNA. Lowered levels of APOBEC3B did not affect in vitro growth or sensitivity to estradiol. In a xenograft model of tamoxifen therapy, suppression of APOBEC3B associated with prolonged responses to tamoxifen (p&lt;0.05). Furthermore, APOBEC3B over-expression did not affect in vitro cell growth but accelerated the development of tamoxifen-resistant tumors in vivo. In addition, we studied two separate cohorts of 285 breast cancer patients who received first line treatment with tamoxifen for recurrent disease. High APOBEC3B expression levels measured in the primary tumor associated significantly with unfavorable progression free survival in multivariate analysis that included the traditional predictive factors (age, dominant relapse site, disease-free interval, estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor, and adjuvant chemotherapy; HR=1.67, p=0.0001). The median period of progression free survival was 7.5 months for patients with APOBEC3B high primary tumors and 13.3 months for those with APOBEC3B low tumors (p&lt;0.0.0001). These studies demonstrate that APOBEC3B drives resistance to endocrine treatment with tamoxifen in recurrent disease.
Citation Format: Harris R, Law E, Sieuwerts A, LaPara K, Leonard B, Starrett G, Temiz NA, Sweep F, Span P, Foekens J, Martens J, Yee D. Tamoxifen resistance driven by the DNA cytosine deaminase APOBEC3B in recurrent estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr S4-07.
Abstract A13: African American breast cancer survivors in the digital age
Authors: Leader Amy , DiCarlo Melissa , Bradley Patricia , Hagerty Sarah , Barsevick Andrea 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The information needs of breast cancer survivors are varied and complex. How African American breast cancer survivors (AABCS) access cancer-related information and the extent to which they find the information helpful is not well understood. We conducted a statewide survey with 297 female AABCS and led 8 in-depth focus groups with 60 female AABCS to understand where AABCS look for health information and their preferred format of materials. We were also interested in the extent to which AABCS used social media services to look for information or to bolster their supportive networks. The average age of those who completed the survey was 57.5 years, and almost all (95%) received surgical treatment for their breast cancer; 77% received radiotherapy and 53% chemotherapy. Almost all (95%) reported at least one co-morbid health condition such as hypertension or diabetes; 22% reported five or more co-morbid conditions. The majority of AABCS (85%) reported using informational books or brochures, followed by in-person talks or lectures by experts (56%). AABCS also found these two formats to be the most helpful. Not surprisingly, most AABCS preferred to receive information in written form (59%) or in-person (60%). Although most of the AABCS in our sample (70%) had access to the Internet in their home and many (61%) were on Facebook, the majority (63%) reported that they are not members of social networking sites such as Twitter or Google Plus, and few (&lt;10%) reported using these platforms for sharing their cancer-related experiences, connecting to other survivors, or accessing health-related information. The discussions of AABCSs in the focus groups echo these findings with stories of difficulty finding information tailored to their needs and frustration that too many resources are only available online. The results from this mixed-methods study suggest that while many organizations have moved their cancer information online, there are segments of the population, such as AABCS, who continue to rely on and prefer print materials and in-person formats to manage their health care needs. Organizations should aim to increase AABCS' familiarity and ease of accessing online health information, as many AABCS have access to the Internet yet do not perceive online materials or social networking services to be as helpful for addressing their needs.
Citation Format: Amy Leader, Melissa DiCarlo, Patricia Bradley, Sarah Hagerty, Andrea Barsevick. African American breast cancer survivors in the digital age. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eighth AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 13-16, 2015; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016;25(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A13.
Abstract A29: Efficacy study of a group-based promotora intervention to increase cervical cancer screening among immigrant Latina women
Authors: Luque John S. , Tarasenko Yelena N. , Alfonso Moya L. , Reyes-Garcia Claudia , Rebing Laura , Ferris Daron G. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Background: This study evaluates the feasibility and efficacy of a promotora-led, Spanish-language educational group session on cervical cancer screening (Pap tests), self-efficacy (belief in ability to schedule and complete a Pap test), and knowledge among Latina immigrants compared to a control condition.
Methods: The group-based promotora intervention, Salud es Vida, consisted of a toolkit of materials which includes a curriculum guide, a brochure, a flipchart, a short animated video, and in-class activities. Data from baseline and follow-up/post-intervention surveys were used to assess differences in obtaining a Pap test using the Chi-square test of independence and in self-efficacy and knowledge scores using t-tests.
Results: We recruited 38 women to the intervention and 52 women to the control who were due for Pap test screening. After an average of 8 months until the follow-up assessment, twelve (32%) intervention participants received the Pap test and 10 (19%) control participants received the Pap test (p = .178). At follow-up, the intervention group participants had higher total cervical cancer knowledge and higher self-efficacy scores, adjusting for the posttest scores, respectively (p's &lt; .05).
Conclusions: The findings from this feasibility study using a group intervention approach suggest intervention efficacy for increasing cervical cancer knowledge and self-efficacy; however, these secondary outcomes alone were not sufficient to increase cervical cancer screening rates in this Latina immigrant population during the study period.
Citation Format: John S. Luque, Yelena N. Tarasenko, Moya L. Alfonso, Claudia Reyes-Garcia, Laura Rebing, Daron G. Ferris. Efficacy study of a group-based promotora intervention to increase cervical cancer screening among immigrant Latina women. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eighth AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 13-16, 2015; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016;25(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A29.
Abstract A70: Is the availability of fast food restaurants and tobacco outlets near schools in 97 U.S. counties associated with school sociodemographic characteristics?
Authors: D’Angelo Heather , Ammerman Alice , Gordon-Larsen Penny , Linnan Laura , Lytle Leslie , Ribisl Kurt M. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Background: Fast food and tobacco product availability near schools might influence youth diet and tobacco use, and greater availability near racially diverse or lower income schools may contribute to racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in cancer risk. However, no national studies have examined the availability of both fast food restaurants and retail tobacco outlets near schools in the United States (US) in association with school sociodemographic characteristics.
Methods: Fast food restaurants and tobacco outlets were counted within 800 m Euclidean buffers around public primary, middle and high schools in 97 US counties. Counties were randomly selected proportionate to county population size in 2011. Generalized linear mixed models were used to examine the association of school racial/ethnic composition and participation in free/reduced price lunch programs with fast food restaurant and tobacco outlet availability near schools.
Results: Nearly 40% of schools had both a fast food restaurant and a tobacco outlet within 800 m (approximately a 10 minute walk). The odds of having both a fast food restaurant and tobacco outlet within 800 m increased by 5% for every 10% increase in the percentage of Hispanic students (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03, 1.07). Odds increased by 3% for every 10% increase in the percentage of students receiving free/reduced price lunch (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01, 1.05). High schools had nearly 1.5 times the odds of having both a fast food restaurant and a tobacco outlet within 800 m compared with primary schools.
Conclusion: Low income and Hispanic students, and high school students are disproportionately exposed to both fast food restaurants and tobacco outlets near schools in this sample of 97 US counties. Restricting the location of fast food and tobacco retail outlets in school neighborhoods may help reduce access to harmful products, particularly among some vulnerable populations.
Citation Format: Heather D'Angelo, Alice Ammerman, Penny Gordon-Larsen, Laura Linnan, Leslie Lytle, Kurt M. Ribisl. Is the availability of fast food restaurants and tobacco outlets near schools in 97 U.S. counties associated with school sociodemographic characteristics? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eighth AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 13-16, 2015; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016;25(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A70.
Abstract A71: Modification of obesity associations with prostate cancer grade by area-level factors
Authors: Scales Renyta , Spangler Elaine , Morales Knashawn , Glanz Karen , Rebbeck Timothy , Zeigler-Johnson Charnita 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Purpose: Area-level characteristics have been associated with differences in rates of disease among populations. Specific factors, such as neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES), may influence overall exposure to risk factors and modify disease outcomes. The role of obesity in prostate cancer (PCa) progression has been confirmed with most studies showing a relationship to advanced disease and increased risk for biochemical failure and mortality. Although obesity and prostate cancer rates vary geographically, it is unclear if the relationship between obesity and PCa outcomes is modified by neighborhood factors. We evaluated the association of obesity with prostate cancer grade by area-level factors in a patient cohort recruited between 1995 and 2011.
Materials and Methods: A total of 949 patients were studied to evaluate whether the association of obesity with prostate tumor grade at diagnosis varied by residential neighborhood and county characteristics. Residential characteristics were obtained using PolicyMap data sources including the US Census, CDC data, and a regional survey collected biannually (CHDB). There were 680 non-obese and 269 obese patients. High tumor grade was defined as a Gleason Score ≥7. We analyzed the relationship between obesity and PCa grade using logistic regression models, adjusted for age and race. Similar models stratified by residential characteristics were assessed.
Results: Obese patients were more likely to have a high PCa grade compared to the non-obese patients (OR=1.47, 95% CI= 1.10-1.96). Associations between obesity and PCa grade were also observed for individuals residing in areas with higher rates of poverty (OR=1.57, 95% CI= 1.02-2.42), lower income (OR=1.56, 95% CI= 1.01-2.41), and lower education (OR=1.68, 95% CI= 1.12-2.52). The odds ratio was increased in areas with high rates of burglary (OR=1.55, 95% CI= 1.04-2.30) and murder (OR=1.51, 95% CI= 1.01-2.25) and low rates of robbery (OR=1.63, 95% CI= 1.03-2.58). In addition, obese men in areas with low rates of prostate cancer incidence (OR=1.84, 95% CI= 1.20-2.82) and low rates of obesity (OR=1.64, 95% CI= 1.02-2.63) also were likely to have a high grade PCa.
Conclusions: Associations between obesity and prostate cancer vary significantly by area-level SES, crime, and health indicators. These results suggest specific neighborhood characteristics that may help identify high risk groups and pathways for interventions.
Citation Format: Renyta Scales, Elaine Spangler, Knashawn Morales, Karen Glanz, Timothy Rebbeck, Charnita Zeigler-Johnson. Modification of obesity associations with prostate cancer grade by area-level factors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eighth AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 13-16, 2015; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016;25(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A71.