bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changing Politics for Changing Times: Rethinking Research Stakeholders and Strategies for Environmental Education
Authors: Gough Annette 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe history of environmental education in Australia is political, and fraught with power battles. Indeed, environmental education in Australia (as in many places elsewhere) has always been political. The early calls for environmental education came as a response to the perceived growing environmental crises on the 1960s. At this time, it was seen as a scientific and social priority by scientists, environmentalists and academics, but it was not seen as an educational priority by education departments. Rather, environmental educators were treated as yet another adjectival education lobby group wanting space in an already overcrowded curriculum. There was a time when most state education authorities were engaging with environmental education, but the politicisation of the placement of sustainability as (an optional) cross-curriculum priority has enabled avoidance of the politics of environmental issues and thereby a political stance that is tacitly supporting the status quo of the current neoliberal political systems. This article argues that the times have changed and so has the nature of politics and power bases, and it is time to rethink approaches to environmental education research and recognise that the politics of the past may not be the politics of the future as the generations grow different.
First-language interference without bilingualism? Evidence from second language vowel production in international adoptees
Authors: Norrman Gunnar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe ability to acquire the speech sounds of a second language has consistently been found to be constrained with increasing age of acquisition. Such constraints have been explained either through cross-linguistic influence in bilingual speakers or as the result of maturational declines in neural plasticity with age. Here, we disentangle these two explanations by investigating speech production in adults who were adopted from China to Sweden as toddlers, lost their first language, and became monolingual speakers of the second language. Although we find support for predictions based on models of bilingual language acquisition, these results cannot be explained by the bilingual status of the learners, indicating instead a long-term influence of early specialization for speech that is independent of bilingual language use. These findings are discussed in light of first-language interference and the theory of maturational constraints for language acquisition.
Is dialect proficiency associated with improved executive function?
Authors: Privitera Adam John 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA broad and extensive literature has investigated the cognitive consequences of bilingualism on cognitive control. Results from these studies, while controversial, support the conclusion that speaking a second language confers non-linguistic benefits. Whether other related linguistic experiences, such as dialect use, confer similar benefits remains an underexplored and open question. The common use of a diverse range of local dialects across China provides ideal conditions under which to explore this question. Using a dialectally heterogeneous sample of Mandarin-English bilingual young adults (n = 74), the present study investigated whether differences in dialect proficiency impacted on inhibition and attentional control while accounting for variation in language experience. Dialect proficiency was not associated with improved performance on the Simon task, Attention Network Test, or Flanker task, suggesting no benefits in inhibition or attentional control. Considerations for future studies investigating the influence of Chinese dialect experience on cognitive control are discussed.
Strengthening ecologically based rodent management in the Philippines using maximum entropy (MaxEnt) predictions
Authors: Castillo Diane Shiela C. , Higa Motoki 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Rattus species pose a significant threat to the Philippines, causing substantial economic losses in agriculture and posing health risks to humans. While Ecologically Based Rodent Management (EBRM) has been developed to mitigate rodent outbreaks, its implementation is challenging, particularly in the face of climate and land use changes. In this study, we aimed to potentially enhance EBRM strategies by utilizing a high-performing modelling approach, MaxEnt, to predict the habitat suitability for Rattus species in the Philippines. This study revealed that forested areas exhibit high suitability for R. tanezumi, R. exulans, and R. everetti, with a notable degree of similarities in their habitat suitability. Furthermore, the model predicted that R. argentiventer, a species with no records in the mainland of Luzon, could potentially find suitable habitats in some areas of these regions, particularly in Central Luzon. Conversely, R. norvegicus was predicted to be highly suitable for areas with high-human population density, such as urban cities. The predictive model deepens our understanding of the interactions between Rattus species and their environments across the Philippines, which is crucial for identifying high-risk areas that require immediate intervention. These results have the potential to enhance the EBRM approach more effectively on a national scale. The EBRM strategy based on the predictive outcomes of the MaxEnt model is not only crucial for the Philippines but also serve as a guiding framework for other regions facing similar challenges with rodent populations.
PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION FOR AGENTS OF DIFFERING WORK RATES
Authors: HIGGINS PETER M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe devise schemes for producing, in the least possible time, p identical objects with n agents that work at differing speeds. This involves halting the process to transfer production across agent types. For the case of two types of agent, we construct schemes based on the Euclidean algorithm that seeks to minimize the number of pauses in production.
Spatiotemporal Facility‐Level Patterns of Summer Heat Exposure, Vulnerability, and Risk in United States Prison Landscapes
Authors: Ovienmhada Ufuoma , Hines Mia , Krisch Michael , Diongue Ahmed T. , Minchew Brent , Wood Danielle R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHeat is associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. People who are incarcerated are especially vulnerable to heat exposure due to demographic characteristics and their conditions of confinement. Evaluating heat exposure in prisons, and the characteristics of exposed populations and prisons, can elucidate prison‐level risk to heat exposure. We leveraged a high‐resolution air temperature data set to evaluate short and long‐term patterns of heat metrics for 1,614 prisons in the United States from 1990 to 2023. We found that the most heat‐exposed facilities and states were mostly in the Southwestern United States, while the prisons with the highest temperature anomalies from the historical record were in the Pacific Northwest, the Northeast, Texas, and parts of the Midwest. Prisons in the Pacific Northwest, the Northeast, and upper Midwest had the highest occurrences of days associated with an increased risk of heat‐related mortality. We also estimated differences in heat exposure at prisons by facility and individual‐level characteristics. We found higher proportions of non‐white and Hispanic populations in the prisons with higher heat exposure. Lastly, we found that heat exposure was higher in prisons with any of nine facility‐level characteristics that may modify risk to heat. This study brings together distinct measures of exposure, vulnerability, and risk, which would each inform unique strategies for heat‐interventions. Community leaders and policymakers should carefully consider which measures they want to apply, and include the voices of directly impacted people, as the differing metrics and perspectives will have implications for who is included in fights for environmental justice.
On the Spirality of the Asymmetric Rain Field of Tropical Cyclones Under Vertical Wind Shear
Authors: Lau K. H. , Toumi R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe downshear‐left enhancement of tropical cyclone rainfall has been demonstrated previously, but the radial dependence of this effect was not analyzed in detail. This study quantifies the progressive upwind shift of the wavenumber‐1 maximum rain position with radius relative to the vertical wind shear direction. This shift is visualized as a distinctive upwind spiral of the maximum. It is shown that this spiral pattern is generally observed across various storm intensities, shear strength, and ocean basins. Detailed examination revealed that the maximum downwind deflection angle of the wavenumber‐1 rain maximum relative to the shear direction is smaller for tropical storms than hurricanes, but insensitive to hurricane intensity. It is proposed that the spirality is produced by a continuous decline in angular advection of air parcels with radius. The stability of the deflection angle in hurricanes may be accounted for by a corresponding increase in vertical ascent under strengthening angular flow.
Neurofilament light chain associates with IVH and ROP in extremely preterm infants
Authors: Sjöbom Ulrika , Öhrfelt Annika , Pivodic Aldina , Nilsson Anders K. , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Hellström William , Danielsson Hanna , Gränse Lotta , Sävman Karin , Wackernagel Dirk , Hansen-Pupp Ingrid , Ley David , Hellström Ann , Löfqvist Chatarina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is known for indicating adult brain injury, but the role of NfL in extremely preterm infants is less studied. This study examines the relationship between NfL and neurovascular morbidities in these infants.

Methods
A secondary analysis of the Mega Donna Mega trial was conducted on preterm infants <28 weeks gestational age (GA). The study measured NfL levels and proteomic profiles related to the blood-brain barrier in serum from birth to term-equivalent age, investigating the association of NfL with GA, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), and blood-brain barrier proteins.

Results
Higher NfL levels were seen in the first month in infants with severe IVH and for those born <25 weeks GA (independent of ROP or IVH). Additionally, infants born at 25–27 weeks GA with high NfL were at increased risk of developing severe ROP (independent of IVH). NfL was significantly associated with the proteins CDH5, ITGB1, and JAM-A during the first month.

Conclusion
NfL surges after birth in extremely preterm infants, particularly in those with severe IVH and ROP, and in the most immature infants regardless of IVH or ROP severity. These findings suggest NfL as a potential predictor of neonatal morbidities, warranting further validation studies.

Impact statement

This study shows that higher NfL levels are related to neurovascular morbidities in extremely preterm infants.

The degree of immaturity seems important as infants born <25 weeks gestational age exhibited high postnatal serum NfL levels irrespective of neurovascular morbidities.

Our findings suggest a potential link between NfL and neurovascular morbidities possibly affected by a more permeable blood-brain barrier.
Epigenetic modification of CD4+ T cells into Tregs by 5-azacytidine as cellular therapeutic for atherosclerosis treatment
Authors: Zhu Ling , Liu Zhongwei , Cui Qianwei , Guan Gongchang , Hui Rutai , Wang Xiqiang , Wang Junkui , Zhang Yong , Zhu Xu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRecent research has explored the potential of the demethylating drug 5-azacytidine (Aza) as therapy for a range of diseases. However, the therapeutic efficacy of Aza for patients of atherosclerosis remains unclear. This study investigates the therapeutic application of Aza to atherosclerosis in order to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. We generated induced Tregs (iTregs) from CD4+ T cells by using Aza in vitro, and this was followed by the intravenous infusion of iTregs for the treatment of atherosclerosis. The adoptive transfer of Aza-iTreg significantly increased peripheral blood Treg cells, suppressed inflammation, and attenuated atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice. Furthermore, we observed a notable demethylation of the Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3)-regulatory T cell-specific demethylated region (TSDR) and an upregulation of Foxp3 expression in the CD4+ T cells in the spleen of the ApoE−/− mice following the transfer of Aza- iTregs. We also demonstrated that Aza converted naive CD4+ T cells into Tregs by DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1)-mediated Foxp3-TSDR demethylation and the upregulation of Foxp3 expression. Conversely, the overexpression of Dnmt1 in the CD4+ T cells attenuated the Aza-induced Foxp3-TSDR demethylation and upregulation of Foxp3 expression. Our results reveal that Aza converts naive CD4+ T cells into functional Tregs by inhibiting Dnmt1, and the transfer of Aza-iTregs suppresses atherosclerosis in mice.
FALCON: Fourier Adaptive Learning and Control for Disturbance Rejection Under Extreme Turbulence
Authors: Lale Sahin , Renn Peter I. , Azizzadenesheli Kamyar , Hassibi Babak , Gharib Morteza , Anandkumar Anima 
Published: September 2024

AbstractControlling aerodynamic forces in turbulent conditions is crucial for UAV operation. Traditional reactive methods often struggle due to unpredictable flow and sensor noise. We present FALCON (Fourier Adaptive Learning and Control), a model-based reinforcement learning framework for effective modeling and control of aerodynamic forces under turbulent flows. FALCON leverages two key insights: turbulent dynamics are well-modeled in the frequency domain, and most turbulent energy is concentrated in low-frequencies. FALCON learns a concise Fourier basis to model system dynamics from 35 s of flow data. To address sensor limitations, FALCON models dynamics using a short history of actions and measurements. With this approach, FALCON applies model predictive control for safe and efficient control. Tested in the Caltech wind tunnel under highly turbulent conditions, FALCON learns to control the underlying nonlinear dynamics with less than 9 min of data, consistently outperforming state-of-the-art methods. We provide guarantees for FALCON, ensuring stability and robustness.
Chemical abundances in nearby Sun-like stars and the history of the Milky Way disc
Authors: Gondoin P. 
Published: September 2024

Context. The properties of nearby stars bear the imprint of the formation and evolution of the Milky Way (MW). Reconstructing its history requires the determination of precise ages for large samples of stars over long periods.
Aims. The present study aims to address the evolution of the MW disc in the region where the Sun and nearby Sun-like stars formed.
Methods. The evolution of the disc composition in that region during the last 6 Gyr was inferred from the mean abundances of various chemical elements in nearby Sun-like stars. Their age was estimated from their mean chromospheric activity index using an empirical age–activity relationship derived from stellar rotation period measurements in intermediate-age open clusters. The mean abundances versus age of the sample stars were compared with chemical evolution models of metal-rich gaseous discs experiencing an infall of pristine gas after a quenching period of star formation.
Results. The chemical composition of the sample stars reveals two distinct evolutionary trends. Light α elements and iron-peak elements show increasing abundances relative to iron with age. In contrast, the abundance ratios of s-process elements decay with age. Models that best fit the mean abundances of the sample stars as a function of age concur to a gas infall and a concomitant burst of star formation that occurred between 6.2 and 5.5 Gyr ago.
Conclusions. This timeline is consistent with a scenario where the first close pericentric passage of the Sagittarius (Sgr) dwarf galaxy ~5.7 Gyr ago induced an infall of metal-poor gas onto the MW disc and a major burst of star formation. The most massive stars that formed in this event rapidly released α elements via type II supernovae explosions, while intermediate-mass stars returned s-process elements on much longer timescales. The first encounter of the Sgr galaxy with the MW played an important role in determining the long-term evolution of the interstellar medium (ISM) composition in the region of the disc where the Sun and Sun-like stars formed, thus explaining the observed correlations between their chemical abundances and their age.
The remarkable microquasar S26: A super-Eddington PeVatron
Authors: Abaroa Leandro , Romero Gustavo E. , Mancuso Giulio C. , Rizzo Florencia N. 
Published: September 2024

Context. S26 is an extragalactic microquasar with the most powerful jets ever discovered. They have a kinetic luminosity of Lj ∼ 5 × 1040 erg s−1. This implies that the accretion power to the black hole should be super-Eddington, of the order of Lacc ∼ Lj. However, the observed X-ray flux of this system indicates an apparent very sub-Eddington accretion luminosity of LX ≈ 1037 erg s−1.
Aims. We aim to characterize the nature of S26, explain the system emission, and study the feasibility of super-Eddington microquasars as potential PeVatron sources.
Methods. We first analyze multi-epoch X-ray observations of S26 obtained with XMM-Newton and model the super-Eddington disk and its wind. We then develop a jet model and study the particle acceleration and radiative processes that occur in shocks generated near the base of the jet and in its terminal region.
Results. We find that the discrepancy between the jet and the apparent disk luminosities in S26 is caused by the complete absorption of the disk radiation by the wind ejected from the super-Eddington disk. The nonthermal X-rays are produced near the base of the jet, and the thermal X-rays are emitted in the terminal regions. The radio emission observed with the Australia Telescope Compact Array can be explained as synchrotron radiation produced at the reverse shock in the lobes. We also find that S26 can accelerate protons to PeV energies in both the inner jet and the lobes. The ultra-high energy protons accelerated in the lobes of S26 are injected into the interstellar medium with a total power of ∼1036 erg s−1.
Conclusions. We conclude that S26 is a super-Eddington microquasar with a dense disk-driven wind that obscures the X-ray emission from the inner disk, and that the supercritical nature of the system allows the acceleration of cosmic rays to PeV energies.
Stretchable complementary split-ring resonator using liquid metal and its application for cavity optomagnonics
Authors: Ye Guanqi , Zhu Qian , Xu Changqing , Shi Jianping , Ma Fusheng 
Published: September 2024

Split-ring resonators (SRRs) and complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) are widely used in microwave devices. Considering its advantages of fluidity, high metallic conductivity, and extreme deformability, liquid metal is expected to enrich the tunability of SRR and CSRR. Here, a stretchable resonator based on CSRR, using liquid metal as the conducting layer and Ecoflex as the dielectric layer, is prepared by 3D printing. From the transmission spectra, we find that the resonant frequency can be continuously tuned from 3.77 to 3.40 GHz by stretching the resonator, which exhibits a stable quality factor, high ductility, excellent stretchability, and linearity. We then study the coupling between magnons in a yttrium iron garnet film and microwave photons in CSRRs. The anti-crossing effects are observed in transmission coefficient spectra by changing either the strength of the magnetic field or the size of the CSRR. The coupling strength g/2π is determined to be 63 MHz at a coupling frequency of 3.77 GHz and magnetic field of 800 Oe. Our findings could promote the development of reconfigurable metamaterials and cavity optomagnonics.
Kinematic modeling and control of orthogonal omnidirectional wheeled two-dimensional conveyor platform
Authors: Liu Kai , Zhang Hui , Zhou Zhiguo , Ma Linhan , Zhou Jian , Lu Shijie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes an orthogonal omnidirectional wheeled two-dimensional conveyor platform and the inverse kinematic equations based on the cell model and the omnidirectional wheel model are derived, respectively. The two models use the way of the circumcircle of the cargo box and the dot product method to obtain the cell or omnidirectional wheel directly contacted under the cargo box, respectively. This paper uses YOLOV8_OBB and Strong SORT target tracking algorithms to assign tracking IDs to the cargo box and output the box position information. A feedback mechanism for faulty omnidirectional wheels or faulty cells is proposed, where the faulty area is classified as impassable during path planning and the A* path planning algorithm is used for path planning to avoid the faulty area. A visual feedback-based path tracking is adopted to enable timely correction when the cargo box deviates from the established path. The experimental results show that the omnidirectional wheel-based model improves the path-tracking accuracy by 44.52% and reduces the average power consumption by 2.6 times compared to the cell-based model.
Single hollow-core microstructure fiber biosensor for pancreatic cancer diagnosis in terahertz regime
Authors: Gong Jiaqin , Zhang Yani , Guang Zhe , Rahaman Amanur , Xue Jia , Wang Qiuyang , Yao Yiming , Wang Pinna , Wang Yongkang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a kind of malignant tumor that is difficult to detect in its early stages, developing rapidly and with a 5-year survival rate of only 5% to 10%. Therefore early diagnosis and discovery of pancreatic cancer are very important for the successful treatment of the disease. Here, we report a single hollow-core microstructural fiber (SHC-MSF) biosensor based on a ZEONEX substrate, which has been optimized for the early detection of pancreatic cancer biomarkers. The proposed SHC-MSF biosensor adopts a single-aperture structure to increase the contact range with assay analytes to improve the detection sensitivity. Its biosensing performance was numerically analyzed using a finite element method with a perfect matching layer. Numerical results demonstrated that the proposed MSF-biosensor presented ultra-high sensitivity (bilirubin: 105.55%, glucose: 105.34%, creatinine: 105.67%) and negligible confinement loss (bilirubin: 5.52 × 10−14 cm−1, glucose: 1.65 × 10−14 cm−1, creatinine: 5.57 × 10−14 cm−1) in the range of 0.3 ∼ 2.0 THz. Moreover, the SHC-MSF biosensor could selectively detect and distinguish cancer markers of different concentrations in the blood to achieve a more accurate diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Finally, fabrication tolerance analysis of the proposed MSF-biosensor is provided to ensure the feasibility of rapid preparation.
A study on generalized balanced split drift stochastic Runge- Kutta methods for stochastic differential equations
Authors: Nair Priya , Vignesh D 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
To reduce computational complexity, the balanced numerical approximations of the general split drift stochastic Runge-Kutta methods are analyzed. The primary reasons for considering the numerical approximations of these balanced split stochastic Runge-Kutta methods are their improved stability characteristics and lower mean square error compared to other methods. By balancing the drift and diffusion components, the splitting techniques outperform the mean square error over longer time increments. For Ito multi-dimensional stochastic differential equations, we propose a novel family of balanced universal split stochastic Runge-Kutta procedures. The Kronecker product concept is utilized to derive the mean-square stability conditions. We conduct numerical tests to evaluate these methods against an existing weak order 2 split drift method. Ultimately, a specific numerical example validates the theoretical outcomes of the balanced general split stochastic Runge-Kutta procedures.