bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ampliación de una vivienda existente en Vandoeuvres, Ginebra. Suiza
Authors: Charles Pictet Architecte FAS / SIA Arquitecto 
Published: February 2017

<p>La vivienda preexistente fue construida a principios de los años 70 en un estilo tradicional. El proyecto no se concibe como una prolongación de un edificio existente. Se trata de un volumen abstracto. Nos podemos preguntar si su función se encuentra relacionada al jardín (piscina o escultura), a la vivienda o a una función puramente técnica (estación de transformación, central de ventilación o reserva). </p>
Application of CryoSat-2 altimetry data for river analysis and modelling
Authors: Schneider Raphael , Godiksen Peter Nygaard , Villadsen Heidi , Madsen Henrik , Bauer-Gottwein Peter 
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Availability of in situ river monitoring data, especially of data shared across boundaries, is decreasing, despite growing challenges for water resource management across the entire globe. This is especially valid for the case study of this work, the Brahmaputra Basin in South Asia. Commonly, satellite altimeters are used in various ways to provide information about such river basins. Most missions provide virtual station time series of water levels at locations where their repeat orbits cross rivers. CryoSat-2 is equipped with a new type of altimeter, providing estimates of the actual ground location seen in the reflected signal. It also uses a drifting orbit, challenging conventional ways of processing altimetry data to river water levels and their incorporation in hydrologic–hydrodynamic models. However, CryoSat-2 altimetry data provides an unprecedentedly high spatial resolution. This paper suggests a procedure to (i) filter CryoSat-2 observations over rivers to extract water-level profiles along the river, and (ii) use this information in combination with a hydrologic–hydrodynamic model to fit the simulated water levels with an accuracy that cannot be reached using information from globally available digital elevation models (DEMs) such as from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) only. The filtering was done based on dynamic river masks extracted from Landsat imagery, providing spatial and temporal resolutions high enough to map the braided river channels and their dynamic morphology. This allowed extraction of river water levels over previously unmonitored narrow stretches of the river. In the Assam Valley section of the Brahmaputra River, CryoSat-2 data and Envisat virtual station data were combined to calibrate cross sections in a 1-D hydrodynamic model of the river. The hydrologic–hydrodynamic model setup and calibration are almost exclusively based on openly available remote sensing data and other global data sources, ensuring transferability of the developed methods. They provide an opportunity to achieve forecasts of both discharge and water levels in a poorly gauged river system.
The potential of urban rainfall monitoring with crowdsourced automatic weather stations in Amsterdam
Authors: de Vos Lotte , Leijnse Hidde , Overeem Aart , Uijlenhoet Remko 
Published: February 2017

Abstract. The high density of built-up areas and resulting imperviousness of the land surface makes urban areas vulnerable to extreme rainfall, which can lead to considerable damage. In order to design and manage cities to be able to deal with the growing number of extreme rainfall events, rainfall data are required at higher temporal and spatial resolutions than those needed for rural catchments. However, the density of operational rainfall monitoring networks managed by local or national authorities is typically low in urban areas. A growing number of automatic personal weather stations (PWSs) link rainfall measurements to online platforms. Here, we examine the potential of such crowdsourced datasets for obtaining the desired resolution and quality of rainfall measurements for the capital of the Netherlands. Data from 63 stations in Amsterdam (∼ 575 km2) that measure rainfall over at least 4 months in a 17-month period are evaluated. In addition, a detailed assessment is made of three Netatmo stations, the largest contributor to this dataset, in an experimental setup. The sensor performance in the experimental setup and the density of the PWS network are promising. However, features in the online platforms, like rounding and thresholds, cause changes from the original time series, resulting in considerable errors in the datasets obtained. These errors are especially large during low-intensity rainfall, although they can be reduced by accumulating rainfall over longer intervals. Accumulation improves the correlation coefficient with gauge-adjusted radar data from 0.48 at 5 min intervals to 0.60 at hourly intervals. Spatial rainfall correlation functions derived from PWS data show much more small-scale variability than those based on gauge-adjusted radar data and those found in similar research using dedicated rain gauge networks. This can largely be attributed to the noise in the PWS data resulting from both the measurement setup and the processes occurring in the data transfer to the online PWS platform. A double mass comparison with gauge-adjusted radar data shows that the median of the stations resembles the rainfall reference better than the real-time (unadjusted) radar product. Averaging nearby raw PWS measurements further improves the match with gauge-adjusted radar data in that area. These results confirm that the growing number of internet-connected PWSs could successfully be used for urban rainfall monitoring.
The U.S. Border and the Political Ontology of “Assassination Nation”: Thanatological Dispositifs
Authors: Mendieta Eduardo 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT
In this article I set out to develop an alternative analysis of national borders that grants them moral and politically normative standing while at the same time showing the limits of such merely normative analytics. The aim is to develop a genealogical analysis of the U.S. border, which is taken here as an exemplar of how not to implement borders. The first section develops what will be called here the “mobile panopticon,” one that colonizes the so-called heartland, making of all citizens potentially extraditable subjects. The second section argues that the assemblage of institutions that make of the border not simply a geographic marker has become deeply enmeshed with the United States' peculiar institutions of hyperpenality and criminal branding, thus leading to the expansion and exacerbation of what I have called the “ethnoracial prison industrial complex.” This analysis then offers warrants for the argument that the U.S. border is no longer a neutral arbiter of sovereignty but, instead, has become a “genocidal machine.” In the closing section an engagement with Casey and Watkins's recent work on the U.S. border offers a bridge to the genealogical claim that the U.S. border is in fact a thanatological dispositif.
Actuele opvattingen inzake civiel schadeverhaal via het strafproces
Authors: Kool Renée , Emaus Jessy 
Published: February 2017

Current views as to civilian compensation through the criminal process
Crime victims’ compensation is a focal point of interest within the present Dutch penal policy. Coming forward as an injured party, crime victims may claim compensation for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages from the prepetrator. Since the claim is of a subsidiary, civil nature, the decision making may not represent an undue burden to the criminal procedure. To further compensation, the legal criterion for accessibility was extended (2010) and policy measures were taken. The article provides an overview of the most important findings of an evaluation into to date’s practice, paying special attention to the opinion of legal professionals. Focussing on both the preparatory and the trial phase, a multidisciplinary research was executed, combining quantitative and qualitative research methods. The results show an increase of the amount of claims awarded since 2007. To date, victims’ compensation is commonly accepted within the Dutch criminal procedure. Nevertheless, the legal professionals point at the potential draw backs that sprout from the acknowledgment of the victim as a participant within the Dutch criminal proceedings.
‘Buurt Bestuurt Niet’
Authors: Schuilenburg Marc 
Published: February 2017

‘Community Governs Not’: Empirical Research into Participation of Citizens in a Deprived Neighbourhood of Rotterdam
In this article, I report on an ethnographic research project conducted in 2013-2015 in Rotterdam’s neighbourhood Hillesluis on ‘Community Governs’, a community-based program which goal is to solve neighbourhood crime and disorder problems. By making use of the CLEAR model, the article focuses on three factors of effective participation of citizens: ‘Enabled to’, ‘Asked to’, and ‘Responded to’. The results indicate that making residents of a deprived neighbourhood responsible for the governing of safety and security issues is extremely difficult. It also becomes clear that the participants don’t believe that their involvement is making a difference in the neighbourhood. An importantly explanation for this is that the participants are not provided enough information to make the right decisions about which safety problems need to be tackled.
Het EVRM en een strafbaarstelling voor overtreding van een visumsysteem in de strijd tegen het terrorisme
Authors: Lentze Ernesto M.J. 
Published: February 2017

The European Convention in relation to a criminal offense to breach a visa system in the fight against terrorism
A visa system covered by criminal law could adequately confront the current issues surrounding terrorism and in particular Foreign Terrorist Fighters (FTF’s). Classical legal research demonstrates that the idea of creating a criminal offense for breaching this visa system does not conflict with relevant human rights parameters of the European Convention, except in cases where journalists or non-journalists with a strong civil expression would be prevented to undertake obvious journalistic activities. The latter differs during a state of emergency, but this is undesirable given the fundamental role of freedom of expression within democratic constitutional societies.
La tension sociojuridique entre laïcité et multiculturalisme : Le bijuridisme comme clé de compréhension des débats québécois sur le rapport entre le droit et la religion
Authors: Lavoie Bertrand 
Published: February 2017

Le Québec a été le théâtre, au cours des dernières années, de débats concernant l’aménagement juridique et politique de la diversité religieuse, soulevant des questionnements légitimes sur la conciliation des exigences relatives à la neutralité religieuse de l’État et celles relevant de la reconnaissance juridique de l’identité religieuse. Dans cet article, l’auteur défend l’idée selon laquelle le bijuridisme peut servir de clé de compréhension d’une tension entre laïcité et multiculturalisme. Le multiculturalisme en droit canadien permet d’offrir des réponses qui s’agencent bien avec des caractéristiques fondatrices de la tradition juridique de la common law d’origine anglaise, plus encline à concevoir des décisions contextualisées et personnalisées, par exemple l’accommodement raisonnable. De son côté, la laïcité telle que parfois représentée dans les débats au Québec peut trouver écho dans la tradition de droit civil d’origine française, où le recours à des référents abstraits et surplombants est plus fréquent, comme des déclarations de principes à portée universelle. Selon l’analyse proposée, l’existence d’une tension entre laïcité et multiculturalisme permettrait ainsi de saisir la difficile intériorisation du caractère mixte du droit québécois au sein de la culture juridique québécoise, illustrant ainsi la prégnance des « deux solitudes » du bijuridisme.
The concept of Watson’s carative factors in nursing and their (dis)harmony with patient satisfaction
Authors: Pajnkihar Majda , Štiglic Gregor , Vrbnjak Dominika 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundConstant reviews of the caring behavior of nurses and patient satisfaction help to improve the quality of nursing. The aim of our research was to explore relationships between the level of nursing education, the perception of nurses and nursing assistants of Watson’s carative factors, and patient satisfaction.MethodsA questionnaire survey using a convenience sample of 1,098 members of nursing teams and a purposive sample of 1,123 patients in four health care institutions in Slovenia was conducted in August 2012. A demographic questionnaire and the Caring Nurse-Patient Interactions Scale (nurse version) were delivered to the nurses. A Hospital Consumer Assessment of Health Plans Survey was delivered to discharged patients. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.ResultsCarative factor sensibility was related to the level of nursing education. Patients were satisfied with the care received from nurses, nursing assistants and hospitals, although we found differences between the perceptions of nurses and nursing assistants of carative factors and patient satisfaction. By comparing only the perceptions of nurses and nursing assistants of carative factors in health care institutions, differences were found for seven out of ten carative factors.DiscussionWe did not find major significant differences between carative factors and level of nurse education, except in one carative factor. Differences in perceptions of carative factors between health care institutions are probably the result of different institutional factors. The results can be of great benefit to nurse administrators and educators, indicating the factors that must be taken into account for enhancing patient satisfaction. Emphasis on caring theories should be placed in nursing education and their application in nursing practice.
Low‐frequency suppression of Southern Hemisphere tropospheric eddy heat flux
Authors: Zurita‐Gotor P. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis paper analyzes the variability of the zonal cospectrum of Southern Hemisphere tropospheric eddy heat flux in reanalysis data. It is shown that the reduced spectral power of low‐frequency eddy heat flux variability largely arises from the anticorrelation in the eddy heat transports by different zonal wave numbers. Although the most plausible mechanism for this relation invokes baroclinicity as a mediating agent, this hypothesis does not seem to be supported by the observed variability of baroclinicity. Low‐frequency baroclinicity variability is primarily driven by the mean meridional circulation, with only a minor role for the eddy heat flux.
Permeability, porosity, and mineral surface area changes in basalt cores induced by reactive transport of CO2‐rich brine
Authors: Luhmann Andrew J. , Tutolo Benjamin M. , Bagley Brian C. , Mildner David F. R. , Seyfried William E. , Saar Martin O. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractFour reactive flow‐through laboratory experiments (two each at 0.1 mL/min and 0.01 mL/min flow rates) at 150°C and 150 bar (15 MPa) are conducted on intact basalt cores to assess changes in porosity, permeability, and surface area caused by CO2‐rich fluid‐rock interaction. Permeability decreases slightly during the lower flow rate experiments and increases during the higher flow rate experiments. At the higher flow rate, core permeability increases by more than one order of magnitude in one experiment and less than a factor of two in the other due to differences in preexisting flow path structure. X‐ray computed tomography (XRCT) scans of pre‐ and post‐experiment cores identify both mineral dissolution and secondary mineralization, with a net decrease in XRCT porosity of ∼0.7%–0.8% for the larger pores in all four cores. (Ultra) small‐angle neutron scattering ((U)SANS) data sets indicate an increase in both (U)SANS porosity and specific surface area (SSA) over the ∼1 nm to 10 µm scale range in post‐experiment basalt samples, with differences due to flow rate and reaction time. Net porosity increases from summing porosity changes from XRCT and (U)SANS analyses are consistent with core mass decreases. (U)SANS data suggest an overall preservation of the pore structure with no change in mineral surface roughness from reaction, and the pore structure is unique in comparison to previously published basalt analyses. Together, these data sets illustrate changes in physical parameters that arise due to fluid‐basalt interaction in relatively low pH environments with elevated CO2 concentration, with significant implications for flow, transport, and reaction through geologic formations.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Iron Sulfide and Its Application as a Catalyst in the Hydrogenation of Azobenzenes
Authors: Shao Youdong , Guo Zheng , Li Hao , Su Yantao , Wang Xinwei 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe atomic layer deposition (ALD) of iron sulfide (FeSx) is reported for the first time. The deposition process employs bis(N,N′‐di‐tert‐butylacetamidinato)iron(II) and H2S as the reactants and produces fairly pure, smooth, and well‐crystallized FeSx thin films following an ideal self‐limiting ALD growth behavior. The FeSx films can be uniformly and conformally deposited into deep narrow trenches with aspect ratios as high as 10:1, which highlights the broad applicability of this ALD process for engineering the surface of complex 3D nanostructures in general. Highly uniform nanoscale FeSx coatings on porous γ‐Al2O3 powder were also prepared. This compound shows excellent catalytic activity and selectivity in the hydrogenation of azo compounds under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating the promise of ALD FeSx as a catalyst for organic reactions.
Effects of highly exfoliated montmorillonite layers on the properties of clay reinforced terpolymer nanocomposite plugging microspheres
Authors: Ji Jingqi , Ke Yangchuan , Pei Yang , Zhang Guoliang 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTIn this study, exfoliated montmorillonite (MMT) nanolayers were successfully encapsulated in acrylamide/acrylic acid/2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid (AM/AA/AMPS) terpolymer microspheres by in situ inverse suspension polymerization with the aid of the organic intercalation modification and the lateral groups of terpolymer chains. The introduction of well‐dispersed MMT nanolayers reveals a significant enhancement of the comprehensive properties of these nanocomposite microspheres, such as the viscoelasticity, thermal stability, and plugging ability. Compared with the pure terpolymer, the elastic modulus (G′) of terpolymer/2.0 wt % O‐MMT nanocomposites is 4.30 times higher and the decomposition temperature of these nanocomposites increases by 40 °C. The plugging rate reaches as high as 86.6%. Besides, surface morphology, swelling degree, and wetting behavior can be effectively tuned by varying the content of exfoliated MMT. The wetting angle increases to 82.0 ° which is suitable for modifying the formation channels. These selected nanocomposite microspheres can effectively enter and plug the high permeable microchannels. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44894.
Controlled heparinase‐catalyzed degradation of polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules with heparin as responsive layer
Authors: Sun Lili , Xiong Xin , Zou Qiaogen , Ouyang Pingkai , Krastev Rumen 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTThis work describes the enzymatic degradation of combined hollow capsules via layer‐by‐layer (LbL) self‐assembly technique. They previously showed the build‐up and characterization of capsules composed of synthetic [Poly(sodium 4‐styrene‐sulfonate)/Poly(allylamine hydrochloride)] and biodegradable (Heparin/Chitosan) polyelectrolytes. Biocatalytic response of assembled multilayer capsules provides a more functional and oriented approach in controlled release of encapsulated molecules: in this case multilayer capsule was disassembled by heparinase. Morphological change of individual capsule was assessed with Atomic Force Microscopy and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy. The sustained release of encapsulated FITC‐Dextran model was realized under enzymatic degradation of the capsule shells by heparinase. The release profile of FITC‐Dextran indicated the successful control in a concentration‐dependent manner, which shows the applicability as smart drug delivery system. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44916.
Transition‐metal‐free Chemoselective Oxidative C−C Coupling of the sp3 C−H Bond of Oxindoles with Arenes and Addition to Alkene: Synthesis of 3‐Aryl Oxindoles, and Benzofuro‐ and Indoloindoles
Authors: Sattar Moh. , Rathore Vandana , Prasad Ch. Durga , Kumar Sangit 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA transition‐metal (TM)‐free and halogen‐free NaOtBu‐mediated oxidative cross‐coupling between the sp3 C−H bond of oxindoles and sp2 C−H bond of nitroarenes has been developed to access 3‐aryl substituted and 3,3‐aryldisubstituted oxindoles in DMSO at room temperature in a short time. Interestingly, the sp3 C−H bond of oxindoles could also react with styrene under TM‐free conditions for the practical synthesis of quaternary 3,3‐disubstituted oxindoles. The synthesized 3‐oxindoles have also been further transformed into advanced heterocycles, that is, benzofuroindoles, indoloindoles, and substituted indoles. Mechanistic experiments of the reaction suggests the formation of an anion intermediate from the sp3 C−H bond of oxindole by tert‐butoxide base in DMSO. The addition of nitrobenzene to the in‐situ generated carbanion leads to the 3‐(nitrophenyl)oxindolyl carbanion in DMSO which is subsequently oxidized to 3‐(nitro‐aryl) oxindole by DMSO.
Life cycle assessment is the most relevant framework to evaluate biofuel greenhouse gas burdens
Authors: De Kleine Robert D. , Anderson James E. , Kim Hyung Chul , Wallington Timothy J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractLife cycle assessment (LCA) is used extensively to assess the greenhouse gas (GHG) implications of biofuels. Some argue that the common treatment of biogenic carbon emissions as being carbon neutral in LCA is flawed. From this divergent perspective, biofuels have potential benefits only if additional atmospheric CO2 is captured or feedstocks that would otherwise quickly decompose (e.g. agricultural residues) are utilized. An alternative method, Annual Basis Carbon (ABC) accounting, has recently been demonstrated for a single ethanol facility comparing the year‐over‐year GHG impacts of the cropland supplying the facility, the fuel production processes (gasoline prior to construction and ethanol after), and vehicle tailpipe emissions. Our review of the ABC method identifies inconsistencies in the treatment of the non‐fuel products: corn, soybeans, and distiller's dried grain solubles (DDGS). While these products are also consumed annually, the GHG emissions were not considered in evaluating the system performance. Furthermore, GHG impacts, both in terms of burdens from inputs and crop CO2 uptake, were not allocated to the products leaving the system. Thus in the initial state, the petroleum‐fueled system received a substantial benefit from crop CO2 uptake, but none of the subsequent emission burdens associated with the consumption of non‐fuel (i.e., food/feed) ‘exports’. In the final state, conversely, most biomass was combusted as ethanol and captured within the considered system. A system expansion is needed to better account for impacts. While concerns about the degree of carbon additionality have some merit, consequential LCA methods provide for more consistent and comprehensive approaches for evaluating biofuel GHG performance. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd