bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergy of histone acetyltransferase inhibitor (HATi) with quercetin inhibits biofilm formation in Candida tropicalis
Authors: Rajagopal Gouri Krishna , Raorane Chaitany Jayprakash , Ravichandran Vinothkannan , Rajasekharan Satish Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Histone acetyltransferase inhibitors (HATi) are mechanism-based inhibitors that show promise in the treatment of several illnesses, including diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease. The work emphasizes the significance of HATi as a possible treatment strategy against Candida species biofilms. Here, in this study, we found that combining a HATi, anacardic acid (AA), and quercetin, a known flavonoid, significantly prevented biofilm formation by C. tropicalis. We further show that C. tropicalis exhibited a considerable downregulation of drug-resistance gene expression (CDR1 and MDR1) when co-administrated. Additionally, in silico studies revealed that the AA interacts strongly with a histone acetyltransferase, Rtt109, which may account for the observed biofilm inhibitory effect. In conclusion, the study illustrates how HATi may be used to potentiate the inhibitory action of phytoactives or antifungals against drug-resistant yeast infections.
Exploring the case for hard-X-ray beaming in NGC 6946 X-1
Authors: Beuchert Tobias , Middleton Matthew J , Soria Roberto , Miller-Jones James C A , Dauser Thomas , Roberts Timothy P , Sathyaprakash Rajath , Markoff Sera 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
In order to understand the nature of super-Eddington accretion we must explore both the emission emerging directly from the inflow and its impact on the surroundings. In this paper, we test whether we can use the optical line emission of spatially resolved, ionized nebulae around ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) as a proxy for their X-ray luminosity. We choose the ULX NGC 6946 X-1 and its nebula, MF16, as a test case. By studying how the nebular optical line emission responds to assumed irradiation, we can infer the degree to which we require the UV or X-ray emission from the inflow to be collimated by optically thick winds seemingly ubiquitously associated with ULXs. We find that the nebula is highly sensitive to compact UV emission but mostly insensitive to hard X-rays. Our attempts to quantify the beaming of the soft and hard X-rays therefore strongly depends on the UV luminosity of the ULX in the centre of the nebula. We find that it is not possible to conclude a lack of geometrical beaming of hard X-rays from such sources via nebula feedback.
Testing screened modified gravity with SDSS-IV-MaNGA
Authors: Landim Ricardo G , Desmond Harry , Koyama Kazuya , Penny Samantha 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Fifth forces are ubiquitous in modified gravity theories and must be screened to evade stringent local tests. This can introduce unusual behaviour in galaxy phenomenology by affecting galaxies’ components differently. Here, we use the SDSS-IV (Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV)-MaNGA (Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory) data set to search for a systematic excess of gas circular velocity over stellar circular velocity, expected in thin-shell-screened theories in the partially screened regime. Accounting for asymmetric drift and calibrating our model on screened subsamples, we find no significant evidence for a screened fifth force. We bound the fifth-force strength to $\Delta G/G_\text{N} &lt; 0.1$ for all astrophysical ranges, strengthening to $\sim$0.01 at Compton wavelength of 3 Mpc for the Hu–Sawicki model, for instance. This implies a stringent constraint on scalar–tensor theories, for example $f_{\mathcal {R}0} \lesssim 10^{-8}$ in Hu–Sawicki $f(\mathcal {R})$ gravity.
A targeted search for strongly lensed supernovae with the Las Cumbres Observatory
Authors: Craig Peter , O’Connor Kyle , Chakrabarti Sukanya , Rodney Steven A , Pierel Justin R , McCully Curtis , Perez-Fournon Ismael 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Gravitationally lensed supernovae (glSNe) are of interest for time delay cosmology and SN physics. However, glSNe detections are rare, owing to the intrinsic rarity of SN explosions, the necessity of alignment with a foreground lens, and the relatively short window of detectability. We present the Las Cumbres Observatory Lensed Supernova Search, LCOLSS, a targeted survey designed for detecting glSNe in known strong lensing systems. Using cadenced $r^\prime$-band imaging, LCOLSS targeted 114 galaxy–galaxy lensing systems with high expected SN rates, based on estimated star formation rates. No plausible glSN was detected by LCOLSS during our two year observing program. We carry out an analysis here to measure a detection efficiency for these observations. We then perform Monte Carlo simulations using the predicted supernova rates to determine the expected number of glSN detections. The results of the simulation suggest an expected number of detections and 68 per cent Poisson confidence intervals, $N_{\mathrm{ SN}} = 0.20, [0,2.1]$, $N_{\mathrm{ Ia}} = 0.08, [0,2.0]$, $N_{\mathrm{ CC}} = 0.12, [0,2.0]$, for all SNe, Type Ia SNe, and core-collapse (CC) SNe, respectively. These results are broadly consistent with the absence of a detection in our survey. Analysis of the survey strategy can provide insights for future efforts to develop targeted glSN discovery programs, especially considering the large anticipated yields of upcoming surveys.
Exploring the high-density reflection model for the soft excess in RBS 1124
Authors: Madathil-Pottayil A , Walton D J , García Javier , Miller Jon , Gallo Luigi C , Ricci C , Reynolds Mark T , Stern D , Dauser T , Jiang Jiachen , Alston William , Fabian A C , Hardcastle M J , Kosec Peter , Nardini Emanuele , Reynolds Christopher S 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
‘Bare’ active galactic nuclei (AGN) are a subclass of Type 1 AGN that show little or no intrinsic absorption. They offer an unobscured view of the central regions of the AGN and therefore serve as ideal targets to study the relativistic reflection features originating from the innermost regions of the accretion disc. We present a detailed broad-band spectral analysis (0.3–70 keV) of one of the most luminous bare AGN in the local Universe, RBS 1124 ($z= 0.208$) using a new, co-ordinated high signal-to-noise observation obtained by XMM–Newton and NuSTAR. The source exhibits a power-law continuum with $\Gamma \sim$ 1.8 along with a soft excess below 2 keV, a weak neutral iron line and curvature at high energies (${\sim} 30$ keV). The broad-band spectrum, including the soft excess and the high-energy continuum, is well fit by the relativistic reflection model when the accretion disc is allowed to have densities of log$(n_{\rm e}$/cm$^{-3}$) $\gtrsim 19.2$. Our analysis therefore suggests that when high-density effects are considered, relativistic reflection remains a viable explanation for the soft excess.
The MAGPI survey: orbital distributions, intrinsic shapes, and mass profiles for MAGPI-like eagle galaxies using Schwarzschild dynamical models
Authors: Santucci Giulia , Lagos Claudia Del P , Harborne Katherine E , Derkenne Caro , Poci Adriano , Thater Sabine , McDermid Richard M , Mendel J Trevor , Wisnioski Emily , Croom Scott M , Ferré-Mateu Anna , Muller Eric G M , van de Sande Jesse , Sharma Gauri , Sweet Sarah M , Tsukui Takafumi , Valenzuela Lucas M , van de Ven Glenn , Zafar Tayyaba 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Schwarzschild dynamical models are now regularly employed in large surveys of galaxies in the local and distant Universe to derive information on galaxies’ intrinsic properties such as their orbital structure and their (dark matter and stellar) mass distribution. Comparing the internal orbital structures and mass distributions of galaxies in the distant Universe with simulations is key to understanding what physical processes are responsible for shaping galaxy properties. However, it is first crucial to understand whether observationally derived properties are directly comparable with intrinsic ones in simulations. To assess this, we build Schwarzschild dynamical models for MUSE-like IFS (integral field spectroscopy) cubes (constructed to be like those obtained by the Middle Ages Galaxy Properties with Integral Field Spectroscopy, MAGPI survey) of 75 galaxies at $z \sim$ 0.3 from the eagle simulations. We compare the true particle-derived properties with the galaxies’ model-derived properties. In general, we find that the models can recover the true galaxy properties qualitatively well, with the exception of the enclosed dark matter, where we find a median offset of 48 per cent, which is due to the assumed Navarro–Frenk–White profile not being able to reproduce the dark matter distribution in the inner region of the galaxies. We then compare our model-derived properties with Schwarzschild models-derived properties of observed MAGPI galaxies and find good agreement between MAGPI and eagle: the majority of our galaxies (57 per cent) have non-oblate shapes within 1 effective radius. More triaxial galaxies show higher fractions of hot orbits in their inner regions and tend to be more radially anisotropic.
The HYENAS project: a prediction for the X-ray undetected galaxy groups
Authors: Cui Weiguang , Jennings Fred , Dave Romeel , Babul Arif , Gozaliasl Ghassem 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Galaxy groups contain the majority of bound mass with a significant portion of baryons due to the combination of halo mass and abundance (Cui 2024). Hence they serve as a crucial missing piece in the puzzle of galaxy formation and the evolution of large-scale structures in the Universe. In observations, mass-complete group catalogues are normally derived from galaxy redshift surveys detected through various three-dimensional group-finding algorithms. Confirming the reality of such groups, particularly in the X-rays, is critical for ensuring robust studies of galaxy evolution in these environments. Recent works have reported numerous optical groups that are X-ray undetected (see, e.g. Popesso et al. 2024), sparking debates regarding the reasons for the unexpectedly low hot gas fraction in galaxy groups. To address this issue, we utilize zoomed-in simulations of galaxy groups from the novel Hyenas project to explore the range of hot gas fractions within galaxy groups and investigate the intrinsic factors behind the observed variability in X-ray emission. We find that the halo formation time can play a critical role–we see that groups in haloes that formed earlier exhibit up to an order of magnitude brighter X-ray luminosities compared to those formed later. This suggests that undetected X-ray groups are preferentially late-formed haloes and highlights the connection between gas fraction and halo formation time in galaxy groups. Accounting for these biases in galaxy group identification is essential for advancing our understanding of galaxy formation and achieving precision in cosmological studies.
Adjusting methylation levels with nucleus proportions highlights functional significance of differentially methylated cytosines associated with pre-eclampsia
Authors: Zheng Xiaoguo , Wen Yanqin , Zhao Xinzhi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Studies on DNA methylation alterations associated with pre-eclampsia (PE) have improved our understanding of the mechanisms underlying this disorder. However, differentially methylated cytosines (DMCs) have not been adjusted for cell-type heterogeneity, hampering the identification of alterations that drive disease risk. Using a reference-based, cell-type deconvolution approach, we estimated the nuclear proportions of 335 placental samples based on DNA methylation data. We found that the nuclei of total trophoblast lineages accounted for more than 80% of the placental samples, with a significant increase in PE placentas. The nuclear proportions of stromal and Hofbauer cells decreased in PE placentas. Our nuclear proportion estimation reflected previous histological knowledge on the changes in cell type proportions in PE placentas. We corrected 2125 DMCs associated with early-onset PE for cell-type heterogeneity by adjusting for the nuclear proportions and observed a notable reduction in the association signals, with 145 probes not reaching epigenome-wide significance. After correction, the top 200 significant DMCs were strongly enriched in active enhancers in trophoblast lineages, whereas 145 non-significant probes were enriched in regions with a quiescent state of chromatin. Our results suggest that future epigenetic studies of PE should focus on functional regulatory sequences.
The microbiome and acute organ injury: focus on kidneys
Authors: Patel Shishir Kumar , Gooya Mahta , Guo Qisen , Noel Sanjeev , Rabb Hamid 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The microbiome of critically ill patients is significantly altered by both effects of the illnesses and clinical interventions provided during intensive care. Studies have shown that manipulating the microbiome can prevent or modulate complications of critical illness in experimental models and preliminary clinical trials. This review aims to discuss general concepts about the microbiome, including mechanisms of modifying acute organ dysfunction. The focus will be on the effects of microbiome modulation during experimental acute kidney injury (excluding septic acute kidney injury) and comparison with other experimental acute organ injuries commonly seen in critically ill patients.
ECHO OEM virtual community of learning for primary care
Authors: Furlan A D , Severin C , Harbin S , Irvin E , Carnide Nancy , Nowrouzi-Kia Behdin , Macdonald Sara , Thompson Aaron , Liao Qing , Smith Peter , Adisesh Anil 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Health issues caused and/or exacerbated by work are common in patients seeking primary health care. Yet, primary care providers generally receive little or no training in the assessment and management of occupational injuries and illnesses.

Aims
To conduct a pilot project to develop, implement and evaluate a programme to teach occupational and environmental medicine to primary healthcare providers.

Methods
We followed the Extensions for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) model to connect primary healthcare providers with experts in Occupational and Environmental Medicine (OEM). We employed an observational pre–post study design to assess changes in self-efficacy, knowledge, attitudes and beliefs towards OEM.

Results
From September 2021 to June 2022, we offered two cycles of 12 sessions each. Participants came from medicine, nursing, psychology, occupational and physical therapy, chiropractic, kinesiology, social work, and pharmacy. Sixty-seven participants completed both pre- and post-ECHO questionnaires. Self-efficacy and knowledge ratings significantly increased after attendance at ECHO compared to the pre-ECHO responses. Attitudes and beliefs were unchanged in most of the items assessed. Participants rated their satisfaction with ECHO between 59% and 97%.

Conclusions
Our pilot study demonstrated the challenges in implementing the first ECHO OEM in Canada. Findings show acceptability and satisfaction, improved self-efficacy, and small increases in knowledge, but not overall attitudes and beliefs. There is a need to understand barriers to participation and to target participants with less knowledge and experience in occupational and environmental medicine.
Transcriptional corepressors in maize maintain meristem development
Authors: Gregory Jason , Liu Xue , Chen Zongliang , Gallardo Cecilia , Punskovsky Jason , Koslow Gabriel , Galli Mary , Gallavotti Andrea 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The formation of the plant body proceeds in a sequential postembryonic manner through the action of meristems. Tightly coordinated meristem regulation is required for development and reproductive success, eventually determining yield in crop species. In maize (Zea mays), the RAMOSA1 ENHANCER LOCUS2 (REL2) family of transcriptional corepressors includes four members, REL2, RELK1 (REL2-LIKE1), RELK2, and RELK3. In a screen for rel2 enhancers, we identified shorter double mutants with enlarged ear inflorescence meristems (IMs) carrying mutations in RELK1. Expression and genetic analysis indicated that REL2 and RELK1 cooperatively regulate ear IM development by controlling genes involved in redox balance, hormone homeostasis, and differentiation, ultimately tipping the meristem toward an environment favorable to expanded expression of the ZmWUSCHEL1 gene, which encodes a key stem-cell promoting transcription factor. We further demonstrated that RELK genes have partially redundant yet diverse functions in the maintenance of various meristem types during development. By exploiting subtle increases in ear IM size in rel2 heterozygous plants, we also showed that extra rows of kernels are formed across a diverse set of F1 hybrids. Our findings reveal that the REL2 family maintains development from embryonic initiation to reproductive growth and can potentially be harnessed for increasing seed yield in a major crop species.
Feasibility of a Multidomain Resiliency Assessment in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure Requiring Surgery: A Pilot Study
Authors: Green Karlyn J , North Rebecca , DeVore Adam D , Green Samantha , Poole Ashley K 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
The resiliency of patients who have advanced heart failure (HF) and undergo a physical stressor such as heart transplantation or left ventricular assist device implantation has yet to be studied in the physical, cognitive, and psychosocial domains. The primary aim of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility of a multidomain resiliency assessment in patients who have advanced HF and require surgery.

Methods
A battery of assessments in each of the domains was completed at baseline before surgical intervention, after intensive care discharge, and 3 and 6 months after surgery. Feasibility was assessed through completion rates, time required to complete the assessments, and qualitative feedback from assessors.

Results
Although various completion rates were noted at different time points, high completion rates were seen for grip strength, the modified Fried frailty phenotype, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Additionally, when controlled for patients who were medically restricted from physical function, the Short Physical Performance Battery, gait speed, and the 30-second chair stand test also had high completion rates. A trend toward return to baseline status or an improvement in baseline status was observed in all physical and cognitive assessments and most psychosocial assessments at 3 and 6 months. Minimal change was noted in the Brief Resilience Scale questionnaire.

Conclusion
This pilot study demonstrates that a multidomain assessment of resiliency is feasible in patients with advanced HF. Future studies are needed to help determine specific assessments or patient factors that would help predict positive postsurgical outcomes in this population.

Impact
This study has implications for clinical practice on the most feasible assessments in multiple domains for patients who have advanced HF and are being evaluated for heart transplantation or left ventricular assist device.
Unraveling the hemolytic toxicity tapestry of peptides using chemical space complex networks
Authors: Castillo-Mendieta Kevin , Agüero-Chapin Guillermin , Mora José R , Pérez Noel , Contreras-Torres Ernesto , Valdes-Martini José R , Martinez-Rios Felix , Marrero-Ponce Yovani 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Peptides have emerged as promising therapeutic agents. However, their potential is hindered by hemotoxicity. Understanding the hemotoxicity of peptides is crucial for developing safe and effective peptide-based therapeutics. Here, we employed chemical space complex networks (CSNs) to unravel the hemotoxicity tapestry of peptides. CSNs are powerful tools for visualizing and analyzing the relationships between peptides based on their physicochemical properties and structural features. We constructed CSNs from the StarPepDB database, encompassing 2,004 hemolytic peptides, and explored the impact of seven different (dis)similarity measures on network topology and cluster (communities) distribution. Our findings revealed that each CSN extracts orthogonal information, enhancing the motif discovery and enrichment process. We identified 12 consensus hemolytic motifs, whose amino acid composition unveiled a high abundance of lysine, leucine, and valine residues, whereas aspartic acid, methionine, histidine, asparagine, and glutamine were depleted. Additionally, physicochemical properties were used to characterize clusters/communities of hemolytic peptides. To predict hemolytic activity directly from peptide sequences, we constructed multi-query similarity searching models, which outperformed cutting-edge machine learning-based models, demonstrating robust hemotoxicity prediction capabilities. Overall, this novel in silico approach uses complex network science as its central strategy to develop robust model classifiers, characterize the chemical space, and discover new motifs from hemolytic peptides. This will help to enhance the design/selection of peptides with potential therapeutic activity and low toxicity.
The Effect of a Cervical Brace on Postoperative Axial Symptoms Following Single-level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion
Authors: Yu Qunfei , Ren Ying , Wang Zhan , Xu Guoping , Ma Yaojing , Ye Feifei 
Published: September 2024

Study Design:
Retrospective study.

Objective:
This study aims to investigate the effect of cervical brace utilization on postoperative axial symptoms in patients undergoing single-segment anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).

Summary of Background Data:
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is the most commonly used surgical method in the treatment of cervical spondylosis. For patients with single-segment ACDF. The absence of a neck brace after surgery is safe and does not affect the outcome of surgery. However, the effect on the incidence of AS is unclear.

Methods:
Patients who underwent anterior cervical single-segment ACDF between May 2020 and August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Participants were divided into brace group and nonbraced groups. The incidence of axial symptoms, cervical mobility, and postoperative quality of life were then compared between the 2 groups.

Results:
A total of 121 patients were included in this study: 62 in the brace group and 59 in the nonbraced group. There were no statistically significant variations observed in the overall demographic characteristics, including age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, and disease duration. The study findings showed that there was a significant decrease in the occurrence of axial symptoms among patients in nonbraced group, in addition to a considerable increase in cervical mobility 1 month following the surgery.

Conclusions:
The omission of a cervical brace following surgery in patients undergoing single-segment ACDF reduced the incidence of early postoperative axial symptoms, improved their overall quality of life, and facilitated the recovery of postoperative cervical mobility.