bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cellulose Compound of Cacao Waste and Chemical Composition of Cacao Vinegar with GC-MS Method
Authors: Wijaya. M Mohammad , Wiharto Muhammad , Anwar Muhammad 
Published: January 2018

<p>Potential of cacao resources at Indonesian is very dependent on the production of cacao produced by farmers and plantation availability. However, the cacao processing results are still not optimal to increase the cacao production. This is due to the disruption of pests and the number of cacao farmers over land functions for fast growing plants. Processing cacao produced cacao waste and with the use of pyrolysis technology is able to cope with the accumulation of plantation waste. This combustion results in liquid smoke of cacao (cacao vinegar) into distillate, charcoal. This study used pyrolysis temperature between 100-500 °C. The aim of this research is to analyze the cocoa waste and the results are cellulose content 17,27%, lignin 52,02% and hemicellulose 19,56%. The results of GC-MS analysis for cacao vinegar of Distric Wajo are acetic acid, n butane, methyl ester, propanoic acid, butanoic acid, cyclopenanone, 2 methyl pyridine, acetyloxy 2 propanone, butyrolactone, tetrahydro 2 furan methanol, 2,3 dimethyl 2 cyclopentene 1 on and Mequinol. The water content of the charcoal of cacao shell from Wajo district is 3.42%. The analysis results of the bound carbon content of activated charcoal of cacao shell is 54.45%. The EDS analysis for cacao shell from Wajo district resulted in C: 61.12%, O: 36.65%, Si: 0.59%, P: 1.48% and Al: 0.17%. Utilization of cocoa shell waste using pyrolysis technology can reduce carbon emissions to the environment. So that the development of everything can continue and the sustainability of forest remain sustainable.</p><p> </p>
Novel Homeodomain Transcription Factor Nkx2.2 in the Brain Tumor Development
Authors: Mariyath Mubeena P.M. , Shahi Mehdi H. , Farheen Shirin , Tayyab Mohd , Khanam Nabeela , Ali Asif 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Complex central nervous system (CNS) is made up of neuronal cells and
glial cells. Cells of central nervous system are able to regenerate after injury and during repairing.
Sonic hedgehog pathway initiated by Shh-N a glycoprotein plays vital role in CNS patterning
growth, development and now tumorigenesis. Nkx2.2 homeodomain transcription factor is an effecter
molecule, which is positively regulated by Shh during normal growth. Nkx2.2 is essential for V3
domain specification during neural tube patterning at embryonic stage. MBP + oligodendrocytes are
differentiated from progenitor cells which express Olig2. Nx2.2 is co-expressed with Olig2 in oligodendrocytes
and is essential for later stage of oligodendrocyte maturation.

Objective:
This review paper explores the potential role of Nkx2.2 transcription factor in glioblastoma
development.

Conclusion:
Shh pathway plays a vital role in oligodendrocytes differentiation and Nkx2.2 transcription
factor is essential for oligodendrocytes differentiation and maturation. Intriguingly, down
regulation of Nkx2.2 transcription factor with aberrant Shh signaling pathway is reported in glioma
samples. So here it is suggested that Nkx2.2 expression pattern could be used as a potential biomarker
for the early diagnosis of glioma.
Time to Get Serious about Privacy Policies: The Special Case of Genetic Privacy
Authors: Nicol Dianne , Hagger Meredith , Ries Nola , Liddicoat Johnathon 
Published: January 2018

AbstractGenetic information is widely recognised as being particularly sensitive personal information about an individual and his or her family. This article presents an analysis of the privacy policies of Australian companies that were offering direct-to-consumer genetic testing services in 2012–13. The results of this analysis indicate that many of these companies do not comply with the Privacy Act 1988 (Cth), and will need to significantly reassess their privacy policies now that significant new amendments to the Act have come into force. Whilst the Privacy Commissioner has increased powers under the new amendments, the extent to which these will mitigate the deficiencies of the current regime in relation to privacy practices of direct–to-consumer genetic testing companies remains unclear. Accordingly, it may be argued that a privacy code for the direct-to-consumer genetic testing industry would provide clearer standards. Alternatively it may be time to rethink whether a sui generis approach to protecting genetic information is warranted.
Why These Three? the Significance of the Selection of Remedies in Section 75(V) of the Australian Constitution
Authors: Burton Lisa 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSection 75(v) of the Australian Constitution gives the High Court original jurisdiction to hear ‘all matters … in which a writ of Mandamus or prohibition or an injunction is sought against an officer of the Commonwealth.’ This is said to guarantee the Court's ability to ensure that officers of the Commonwealth act within the law. Yet the s 75(v) jurisdiction is clearly limited. The Court is not authorised to hear all matters in which it is alleged that an officer of the Commonwealth has acted unlawfully; it is only given jurisdiction to hear matters in which a (somewhat surprising) selection of remedies are sought. This is confusing in itself, and it has caused broader confusion about the purpose and scope of this important constitutional provision. This article examines the historical ambit of the judicial review remedies and evidence from the Constitutional Convention Debates in order to determine why s 75(v) only gives the High Court jurisdiction to hear matters in which mandamus, prohibition and injunction are sought, and the significance of this for judicial review under the Australian Constitution.
Field Evaluation to the attraction efficiency for the different sources of the red palm weevil aggregation pheromone
Authors: Jaddou Marwan Ibrahim , Kaabi Ali J.Al , Abu Agla Abdullah M. , Al Kaabi Ahmed S. , Al Kayoumi Khuloud N. 
Published: January 2018

Field experiments were conducted during the periods from June, 2014 to March, 2015, in three date palm orchards located in Al Ain city, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, in order to evaluate the attraction efficacy for five different sources from the red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorous ferrugineus Oliver (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), aggregation pheromone by using the standard four window black bucket trap. The three orchards are characterized by having different levels of infestation incidence by red palm weevil. The Randomize Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five treatment and three replicates was used in each of the three orchards. The aggregation pheromone sources used in this experiment were: Rhyfer 700, Pherocon RDPW Lure, Ferrugitom 700, Weevil lure, and Ferrulure +. Collectively in the three farms as well as per each farm, Weevillure aggregation pheromone trap capture significantly lower average numbers of RPW adults than Rhyfer, Pherocon, Ferrulure, and Ferrugitom pheromone sources. Rhyfer pheromone is about 1.12, 1.18, 1.56 & 1.16 % more efficient than Pherocon, Ferrugitom, Weevillure & Ferrulure, respectively.
Referenciamento ou solidão: o coletivo profissional como operador de saúde, desenvolvimento e adoecimento na atividade de trabalho
Authors: Andrade Letícia Raboud M. de , Falcão Jorge 
Published: January 2018

Este trabalho ampara-se nos resultados de uma pesquisa que deu suporte à posterior elaboração de dissertação de mestrado cujo foco voltou-se à atividade de professores pedagogos dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental da rede municipal de Natal/RN. O artigo fundamenta-se no referencial teórico da clínica da atividade e resgata alguns resultados, enfocando e aprofundando-se na discussão sobre a relevância do coletivo profissional como operador de saúde/desenvolvimento e sofrimento/adoecimento quando da ausência/fragilidade de referenciamento pelo coletivo, o que pode estar relacionado à percepção de solidão laboral.
Natural radioactivity and external dose assessment of surface soils in Bolikhamxay province, Laos
Authors: Bui Van Loat 
Published: January 2018

We have determined activity concentrations in 33 soil samples collected from Bolikhamxay Province, Laos. The activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides 226Ra,232Th and 40K in soil samples were measured by a gamma spectrometer with a HPGe detector. The average activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K are 43.8 ± 5.6, 57.0 ± 7.3 and 426.4 ± 23.1 Bq.kg-1, respectively. The average activity concentrations of 226Ra and 232Th in this work are higher than those of the world average values. Meanwhile, the activity concentration of 40 K is almost the same of the world average value. The estimated average outdoor annual effective dose (E) and radium equivalent actitvity (Raeq) are 0.17 ± 0.02 mSv.yr-1 and 154.8 ± 16.1 Bq.kg-1, respectively.
Educação Matemática e a Formação de Professores para uma Prática Docente Significativa
Authors: Sandes Joana Pereira , Moreira Geraldo Eustáquio 
Published: January 2018

Este artigo trata da formação inicial de professores de Matemática e como essa formação mostra-se deficitária para a realização de um trabalho pedagógico de qualidade em sala de aula, o que impossibilita que os alunos sejam contemplados com um ensino de qualidade e que prepare os mesmos para os desafios cotidianos, ou seja, para vivenciar uma Matemática que extrapola os muros da escola, a Matemática que se usa na vida. Trata de um texto assentado nos preceitos da aprendizagem significativa. Inicialmente, refletimos sobre a formação inicial docente e a Educação Matemática, buscando discutir a aprendizagem face às novas exigências para a área. De seguida, trazemos para o debate a formação continuada em Educação Matemática, discutida aqui, como apoio para a constituição desse sujeito que ensina e aprende Matemática, que é parte essencial do nosso sistema educacional. Além disso, a prática docente foi apresentada como parte imprescindível para o processo de construção do conhecimento matemático nos diversos níveis de ensino. Nossas considerações sobre a temática, em parte, vão ao encontro daquilo que distintos investigadores da Educação Matemática veem martelando, como, por exemplo, o fato de que a imensa maioria dos professores de Matemática não ter recebido uma formação inicial consistente; de que a formação contínua é um meio de não só corrigir eventuais falhas na formação inicial, mas de preparar para os desafios constantes da sala de aula de Matemática; de que as novas necessidades, assentadas na situação em que vivemos, exigem um professor preparado para enfrentar, além das demandas específicas da área, situações adversas que permeiam e influenciam no desenvolvimento de uma aula de Matemática para a cidadania, entre outros. Palavras-chave: Educação Matemática. Formação inicial. Formação continuada. Prática docente. Aprendizagem significativa.
Auxiliares diagnósticos en Neumología
Authors: Guevara Cabrera M. 
Published: January 2018

En la búsqueda de un diagnóstico definitivo, actualmente el médico cuenta con una gran variedad de procedimientos a su disposición para apoyo en la sospecha clínica, incluso en la terapéutica. Existen auxiliares sencillos no invasivos para determinadas patologías y procedimientos invasivos con técnicas especiales, es por ello que el médico debe conocerlas y saber elegir el mejor método diagnóstico, acorde y necesario a la sospecha clínica, con el fin de evitar invadir al paciente con estudios innecesarios, implicando un riesgo elevado de morbimortalidad, además, un alto costo para el paciente e incluso sin beneficio alguno, ya que algunos resultan ser terapéuticos.Un simple examen radiológico de los pulmones y la pleura ha cambiado con la ayuda de la biotecnología, ya que se han creado aparatos innovadores que incluyen imágenes de muy buena calidad y resolución tal como de tomografía computarizada, resonancia magnética nuclear y ultrasonido, entre otras. Estos procedimientos varían considerablemente, no sólo en cuanto a fiabilidad y especificidad de diagnóstico, sino también en términos de la incomodidad y el peligro para el paciente. Conocer las actualidades sobre los auxiliares diagnósticos en patología respiratoria nos llevará a la adecuada aplicación de éstos, comenzando con procedimientos que impliquen poco riesgo y sólo si el paciente requiere, continuar con procedimientos complejos, valorando la morbilidad y la mortalidad potencial.
Determinantes socio-ambientales de la salud en la Colonia San José El Mirador Apan Hidalgo, México
Authors: Ruvalcaba Ledezma JC , Pelallo Martínez NA , Muñoz Juárez S. , Cortés Ascencio SY , Prieto García F. , Gaytan Oyarzún JC , Alanis Maya GD , Domínguez Martínez A. , Juárez Pluma E. 
Published: January 2018

Entre los determinantes de la salud destacan los estilos de vida, estos son más importantes que el incremento en hospitales, representan los retos principales para mejorar la salud poblacional, el estilo de vida de los mexicanos y la accesibilidad a servicios de salud son el reto de políticos y científicos para mejorar el estado de salud de la población. El objetivo consistió en identificar los determinantes socio ambientales de la salud en la Colonia San José el Mirador, Apan Hidalgo, México. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio exploratorio en 30 familias vulnerables económicamente de la Colonia San José el Mirador, Apan Hidalgo, México. Resultados y conclusión. Existen riesgos de enfermedad derivados de la pobreza, las personas utilizan plaguicidas y esto podría estar asociado con el escaso conocimiento con que cuentan respecto a los riesgos que implica el aplicar este tipo de químicos, e incluso respecto a la utilización de plaguicidas como lo es el Furadan.
THE CHARACTERISTIC OF DEEP SEA FORAMINIFERAL COMMUNITY IN TOMINI BAY, SULAWESI
Authors: Dewi Kresna Tri , Hanafi Mustafa , Hanafi Mustafa 
Published: January 2018

A total of 14 sediment samples from Tomini Bay, Sulawesi were used for this study as a component of sediment. The samples were carried out by using a gravity corer at water depth range between 600 and 1400 m. This study was a part of mapping activity on marine geology and geophysics during the first cruise of R/V Geomarin III in 2010. The purpose of this study was to examine the subsurface geology related to the potency of energy and mineral resources. Top core sediment samples were washed through 0.063mm opening sieve and then dried in an oven. About maximum 300 foraminiferal specimens were picked from every dried washed residue sample to separate them from other particles under a binocular microscope with brush and water. The result showed that most samples were dominated by planktonic foraminifera (>90%), such as Globorotalia menardii, Orbulina universa, Globigerinoides ruber and others as typical of deep sea sediments. On the other hand, benthic foraminifera was found less than 10% that was represented by Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, Ceratobulimina pacifica, Pyrgo sp., Bolivinita quadralatera, Uvigerina peregrina, etc. The characteristic of deep sea foraminiferal community of this area may be used for interpreting environmental deposition in the adjacent areas that is useful for petroleum exploration. Keywords: foraminifera, deep sea, Tomini Bay, Sulawesi.
BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA AS BIOINDICATOR OF CORAL REEF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION BASED ON FORAM Index IN NATUNA ISLANDS, PROVINCE OF RIAU ISLANDS
Authors: Gitaputri Kinanti , Kasmara Hikmat , Kasmara Hikmat , Kasmara Hikmat , Erawan Tatang S. , M. Suhartati , Erawan Tatang S. , Erawan Tatang S. , M. Suhartati , M. Suhartati 
Published: January 2018

Foraminifera is one of single-celled protozoa, living in the water environment especially marine waters. This organism can be used as bioindicator of environmental conditions of coral reefs through a simple index called FORAM Index. The purpose of this research are to obtain FORAM Index values​, to know any species of benthic foraminifera bioindicator of coral reefs environmental conditions that have been found and to find out whether there is a relationship between FORAM Index to the condition of coral reefs based on coral coverage percentage. The research used survey method on sediment sampling and measurement of environment parameters by P20 LIPI team in April 2011. Several important steps in this research such as sediment samples preparation, sample observation, and sample identification. The results showed that there were 80 species and 31 genera benthic foraminifera bioindicator of coral reefs environmental conditions were found in the Natuna Islands. The condition of coral reefs in the Natuna Islands based on FORAM Index (FI) values ​​ranged from 2.6 to 5.94, and overall there was a positive relationship between FORAM Index and the condition of coral reefs based on coral coverage percentage i.e., the increase of FI was followed by the increase of coral coverage percentage. However, in the terms of correlation there were several different results, there was a strong correlation and a weak correlation. Keywords: foraminifera, FORAM index, coral reef.
SEDIMENT DISTRIBUTION BASED ON GRAIN SIZE ANALYSES IN WEDA BAY, NORTHERN MALUKU
Authors: Nugroho Septriono Hari , Basit Abdul 
Published: January 2018

An integrated study of sediment distribution was conducted in Weda Bay, Northern Maluku to provide general information on transportation and deposition process based on sediment grain size distribution. The study was conducted during the Weda Bay Expedition using the “Baruna Jaya VII” research vessel in March 13th –22th 2013. Sieving method (granulometric) was used to analyze the grain size. The results indicated that in general the pattern of sea floor sediment distribution was dominated by clay – sand grain-sized. The current speed influenced the sediment transport, deposition, and distribution. Larger fractions of sediment were quickly settled on the sea floor due to stronger currents around Southern area (Widi islands), meanwhile the lesser fractions of the transported away into other places with weaker currents conditions. Keywords: current, the Weda Bay expedition, granulometric, grain size, sediment distribution
PHOTOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SUNSCREEN CREAM WITH ADDITION OF CARRAGEENAN AND BLACK MANGROVE FRUIT (Rhizopora mucronata Lamk.)
Authors: Purwaningsih Sri , Salamah Ella , Adnin M. Nur 
Published: January 2018

The need of people’s face protection from sun exposure is continuosly increasing. However, the available sunscreen in the market are mostly chemicaly generated. Seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) produced carrageenan, which can be used as stabilizer, thickener, and emulsifier on sunscreen production. Black mangrove fruit (R. mucronata) contains an antioxidant activity, tanin, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds, which are potential to be used for UV light absorber as well as skin protector. The aims of this research were to determine: (1) the best carrageenan concentration in the cream; (2) content of total phenol, flavonoids, and tannin of mangrove fruit extract; and (3) Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value of sunscreen cream. The experiment used a complete random design and with Duncan test. The result showed that the best natural sunscreen formulation was an addition of 0.5% carrageenan and 1% extract from R. mucronata. The best characteristics of natural sunscreen were found within the level of 7.62 pH, 38.250 cP viscosity, 100% emulsion stability, 3.72% shrinkage, and <102 colonies/g total microbial, 10.21 ± 0.06 SPF content, 37.90% total phenol, 0.51% total flavonoids, and 6.20 mg/g tannins. Keywords: antioxidant, carrageenan, flavonoids, Rhizophora mucronata, SPF
SUSTAINABILITY FADs MANAGEMENT ON ECONOMIC DIMENSION IN THE KEI ISLANDS SOUTHEAST MALUKU REGENCY
Authors: Jeujanan Benny , Martasuganda Sulaeman , A. Sondita M. Fedi , Yusfiandayani Roza , Monintja Daniel 
Published: January 2018

Fish aggregating devise (FAD) based fisheries have become a dominant economic support (about 90%) of the community of the Kei Islands in Southeast Maluku Regency. However, it will not last long if the fisheries is not well managed and financially balanced. This study aimed to analyze the attributes of sustainable FADs-based. fisheries and to assess the financial feasibility for an investment. The method used was the analysis of FADs investment, the consumption and income of the fishermen’s households of mini purse seine and FADs, contribution to the local revenues, and the growth of fishing supporting business. The analyses results showed that the investment for a FADs was of Rp. 13,714,000, mini purse seine of Rp. 426,875,000, handline of Rp. 71,75 million, and troll lines of Rp. 72,75 million, household consumption of Rp. 13,625,730. The income of FAD fisherman was of Rp. 164,143,125, mini purse seine fisherman of Rp. 164,143,125, and entrepreneur of Rp. 328,286,250. The index value of the sustainable FAD management was 62.17 indicating a sustainable index. Keywords: FAD (Fish aggregating device), Kei Islands, Management, Sustainability
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTER AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION WITH COI GENE MARKER OF HORSESHOE CRABS (Tachypleus gigas) AT COASTAL WATERS OF NORTHERN JAVA ISLAND
Authors: Meilana Lusita , Wardiatno Yusli , Butet Nurlisa A , Krisanti Majariana 
Published: January 2018

The existence of horseshoe crabs Tachypleus gigas is currently on the threatened condition and its population status is also unclear. The objectives of this research were to asses the horseshoe crabs morphological characters and to identify based on molecular marker of Cytochrome Oxydase Subunit I (COI) gene. The samples were collected from five locations (Segara Menyan Subang, Ujung Kulon Banten, Tambak Lorok Semarang, Betah Walang Demak, and Kenjeran Surabaya) in October 2014 until June 2015. A total of 27 parameters for 62 individuals were used to determine connectivity and character identifier among populations. Data were tested using non-parametric analysis. While, the 5 individuals from each sites were used for molecular analysis including several stages of the DNA extraction, DNA electrophoresis, amplification and visualization of DNA fragments, and DNA sequencing. The results obtained based on morphological characters that T. gigas of Surabaya formed a unique group due to its body size (X1-X2 and X4-X16) was larger than the other 5 body parts (X22, X23, X26-X28) of Semarang, Demak, Subang, and Banten. According to molecular results, there were 650 bp conserve nucleotide sequences. Analysis using software MEGA 5.0 showed that there were 73 existence of specific nucleotide sites that can be used to distinguishes between T. gigas in-groups and out-groups (T. gigas from Central Arabian Sea, T. tridentatus from Sweden, and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda from USA).Keywords: horseshoe crabs, Java coast, morphology, identification molecular, CO1 gene.