bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective Inhibition of ADAM17 Efficiently Mediates Glycoprotein Ibα Retention During Ex Vivo Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Platelets
Authors: Hirata Shinji , Murata Takahiko , Suzuki Daisuke , Nakamura Sou , Jono-Ohnishi Ryoko , Hirose Hidenori , Sawaguchi Akira , Nishimura Satoshi , Sugimoto Naoshi , Eto Koji 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Donor-independent platelet concentrates for transfusion can be produced in vitro from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). However, culture at 37°C induces ectodomain shedding on platelets of glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα), the von Willebrand factor receptor critical for adhesive function and platelet lifetime in vivo, through temperature-dependent activation of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17). The shedding can be suppressed by using inhibitors of panmetalloproteinases and possibly of the upstream regulator p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), but residues of these inhibitors in the final platelet products may be accompanied by harmful risks that prevent clinical application. Here, we optimized the culture conditions for generating human iPSC-derived GPIbα+ platelets, focusing on culture temperature and additives, by comparing a new and safe selective ADAM17 inhibitor, KP-457, with previous inhibitors. Because cultivation at 24°C (at which conventional platelet concentrates are stored) markedly diminished the yield of platelets with high expression of platelet receptors, 37°C was requisite for normal platelet production from iPSCs. KP-457 blocked GPIbα shedding from iPSC platelets at a lower half-maximal inhibitory concentration than panmetalloproteinase inhibitor GM-6001, whereas p38 MAPK inhibitors did not. iPSC platelets generated in the presence of KP-457 exhibited improved GPIbα-dependent aggregation not inferior to human fresh platelets. A thrombus formation model using immunodeficient mice after platelet transfusion revealed that iPSC platelets generated with KP-457 exerted better hemostatic function in vivo. Our findings suggest that KP-457, unlike GM-6001 or p38 MAPK inhibitors, effectively enhances the production of functional human iPSC-derived platelets at 37°C, which is an important step toward their clinical application.
Administration of Adult Human Bone Marrow-Derived, Cultured, Pooled, Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Critical Limb Ischemia Due to Buerger's Disease: Phase II Study Report Suggests Clinical Efficacy
Authors: Gupta Pawan K. , Krishna Murali , Chullikana Anoop , Desai Sanjay , Murugesan Rajkumar , Dutta Santanu , Sarkar Uday , Raju Radhakrishnan , Dhar Anita , Parakh Rajiv , Jeyaseelan Lakshmanan , Viswanathan Pachaiyappan , Vellotare Prasanth Kulapurathu , Seetharam Raviraja N. , Thej Charan , Rengasamy Mathiyazhagan , Balasubramanian Sudha , Majumdar Anish S. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Critical limb ischemia (CLI) due to Buerger's disease is a major unmet medical need with a high incidence of morbidity. This phase II, prospective, nonrandomized, open-label, multicentric, dose-ranging study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of i.m. injection of adult human bone marrow-derived, cultured, pooled, allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSC) in CLI due to Buerger's disease. Patients were allocated to three groups: 1 and 2 million cells/kg body weight (36 patients each) and standard of care (SOC) (18 patients). BMMSCs were administered as 40–60 injections in the calf muscle and locally, around the ulcer. Most patients were young (age range, 38–42 years) and ex-smokers, and all patients had at least one ulcer. Both the primary endpoints—reduction in rest pain (0.3 units per month [SE, 0.13]) and healing of ulcers (11% decrease in size per month [SE, 0.05])—were significantly better in the group receiving 2 million cells/kg body weight than in the SOC arm. Improvement in secondary endpoints, such as ankle brachial pressure index (0.03 [SE, 0.01] unit increase per month) and total walking distance (1.03 [SE, 0.02] times higher per month), were also significant in the group receiving 2 million cells/kg as compared with the SOC arm. Adverse events reported were remotely related or unrelated to BMMSCs. In conclusion, i.m. administration of BMMSC at a dose of 2 million cells/kg showed clinical benefit and may be the best regimen in patients with CLI due to Buerger's disease. However, further randomized controlled trials are required to confirm the most appropriate dose.
Mujeres haciendo ciudades: aprendiendo del pasado
Authors: Muxí Martínez Zaida 
Published: October 2016

Se plantea revisar la presencia de las mujeres en la construcción física y simbólica de las ciudades. El texto desvela la presencia activa de las mujeres en las ciudades que ha sido invisibilizada. En esta revisión se detectan factores comunes que podríamos denominar propios de las aportaciones de mujeres. Se trata de reconstruir la historia para aprender de las experiencias borradas.
Tácticas artivistas frente a la violencia en Ciudad Juárez
Authors: Mínguez García Hortensia , Zamarripa Nungaray Judith 
Published: October 2016

Desde principios de siglo, en Ciudad Juárez, ciudad mexicana fronteriza colindante a El Paso (Texas), han surgido una serie de manifestaciones artísticas de diversa índole, colectivas e individuales, que guardan como similitud, ofrecer una contundente postura de oposición y crítica frente a las múltiples situaciones de violencia e impunidad por las que ha venido atravesando la ciudad. En atención a la continua desaparición y muerte de personas ad hoc con la problemática del narcotráfico o los feminicidios, consideramos que estas prácticas artísticas de resistencia a la par que, testimonios de este contexto en particular, evidencian la voluntad de una sociedad artística por reconstruir el tejido social. En ese sentido, el presente texto se estructura a partir de la descripción de dos artistas de la localidad: Cesario Tarín y el artista urbano Mac y, por ende, dos formas de trabajo que evidencian cómo los procesos creativos desde el prisma del artivista juarense, incorporan medularmente la colaboración y/o cooperación de la sociedad en pro de la recuperación de la memoria de personas desaparecidas. Cesario Tarín desde la creación de tácticas performáticas, y el artista urbano “Mac” con el muralismo.
Création d’un espace discursif mondial
Authors: Biersteker Thomas J. 
Published: October 2016

La création d’un espace discursif mondial dans l’enseignement des Relations internationales est confrontée à trois défis majeurs : transcender l’unicité d’une discipline, surmonter les chauvinismes et intégrer les savoirs pratiques. Nous vivons dans un univers d’ordres mondiaux multiples, qui coexistent et s’interpénètrent. Il nous faut, par conséquent, approcher l’enseignement des Relations internationales de façon à comprendre et à transcender ces différences bien réelles. Nous envisageons les façons de parvenir à l’interdisciplinarité (plutôt qu’à la multidisciplinarité), nous identifions et problématisons les différentes formes de chauvinisme et nous explorons les possibilités d’intégrer les savoirs pratiques (de lier la théorie et la pratique). Cet article s’achève sur quelques recommandations dans l’espoir d’atteindre une forme critique de cosmopolitisme dans l’enseignement des Relations internationales.
Repenser la politique disciplinaire des Relations internationales
Authors: D’Aoust Anne-Marie , Grondin David 
Published: October 2016

Ce qui constitue la discipline des Relations internationales (RI) est aujourd’hui largement débattu. Les remises en question touchent les prétentions scientifiques et les frontières de la discipline en tant que champ distinct, mais également les enjeux éthiques et sociaux qui y sont associés. Ces derniers concernent autant les analyses produites en RI (leur contenu, leur pertinence scientifique, politique et appliquée) que les relations de pouvoir affectant les individus y prenant part. Inspirés par une préoccupation politique et normative particulière quant au rôle constitutif de nos expériences, nous proposons un appel au développement d’une optique « indisciplinée » afin de réfléchir sur la discipline des RI en milieu francophone canadien à l’aune de nos pratiques respectives d’enseignement en Relations internationales à l’Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) et à l’Université d’Ottawa, plutôt qu’à la lumière des portraits de diverses communautés nationales dessinées par les données du Teaching, Research, and International Policy (TRIP) de l’Institute for the Theory and Practice of International Relations du College of William and Mary. Notre contribution propose une réflexion en trois temps : 1) lancer un appel quant à la nécessité de l’interdisciplinarité en privilégiant une optique « indisciplinée » ; 2) insister sur l’importance de pouvoir activement pratiquer un « oubli » des théories des RI, pour reprendre la formule consacrée de Roland Bleiker, en mobilisant nos pratiques enseignantes ; et 3) mettre à contribution la curiosité féministe en RI comme méthodologie, notamment dans l’enseignement. Ultimement, cette démarche favorise une pratique d’ouverture sur le monde des relations internationales et, ce faisant, donne une place aux émotions pour donner un sens au monde des/en Relations internationales.
Au-delà des Études internationales : Les cas des Études globales et des Affaires internationales
Authors: Breton Gilles , Arruda Gabriel 
Published: October 2016

Quels liens peut-on établir entre les Études globales (EG), les Affaires internationales (AI) et les Études internationales (ÉI) ? S’agit-il de rupture, d’élargissement ou de renouvellement ? Nous souhaitons montrer dans ce texte comment les EG et les AI, deux nouveaux programmes de formation universitaire qui se veulent interdisciplinaires et qui traitent eux aussi des enjeux internationaux, transnationaux et globaux, offrent une solution de rechange aux Études internationales. Si l’apport des Affaires internationales se situe au niveau de la professionnalisation de la formation, celui des Études globales loge du côté des perspectives théoriques et analytiques. À partir d’une étude de vingt programmes de maîtrise, nous montrerons comment les conditions d’émergence, l’organisation et l’évolution de ces programmes leur ont permis de se forger une identité qui les distingue des Études internationales.
Le projet de loi no 49 et la responsabilité civile en cas de déversement d’hydrocarbures extracôtiers dans le golfe du Saint-Laurent
Authors: Roy Stéphanie 
Published: October 2016

À l’annonce du dépôt par le gouvernement québécois du projet de loi no 49 concernant la Loi assurant la mise en oeuvre de l’Accord entre le gouvernement du Canada et le gouvernement du Québec sur la gestion conjointe des hydrocarbures dans le golfe du Saint-Laurent, plusieurs groupes citoyens affirment leur mécontentement et leur crainte quant à l’éventualité de l’exploitation des hydrocarbures extracôtiers du golfe du Saint-Laurent. Leurs inquiétudes sont notamment liées aux risques environnementaux et à leurs répercusions économiques sur les régions qui dépendent directement des ressources contenues dans les eaux du golfe, notamment les Îles-de-la-Madeleine. Le projet de loi no 49 propose des mesures pour encadrer l’exploitation, mais il suggère également un régime de responsabilité civile pour pollution, à l’instar de la loi en vigueur dans la province voisine de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador. Ce régime comporte toutefois certaines lacunes, à la lumière du principe du pollueur-payeur et de l’expérience internationale en matière d’accidents rattachés aux hydrocarbures. Ces lacunes sont susceptibles d’avoir un impact sur la protection de l’environnement et l’indemnisation des personnes qui subiraient la pollution. L’auteure exposera ci-dessous les éléments du régime de responsabilité civile pour déversement institué par le projet de loi no 49 et les comparera avec ceux du régime en vigueur à Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador et de la Convention de 1992 sur la responsabilité civile pour les dommages dus à la pollution par les hydrocarbures, afin d’y suggérer des améliorations en vue de favoriser une compensation suffisante des dommages susceptibles d’être causés par un tel déversement.
Hva er det med Irma?
Authors: Reinertsen Anne Beate 
Published: October 2016

Abstract: This article is about formative quality assessment in a posthuman or newmaterial perspective; embodied knowledges. Theory and method are written together in immanence to envision complexity. The aim and scope of the article is to follow the flow of events Irma produces opening up for affirmative poetical critique praxis. Quality is forwarded as an intensity and force in a moment only. The moment is therefore the only structure of the text, as moving quality. The intention and inner logic of the text is therefore designed to work against fixed definitions and conceptualizations of what quality and quality assessment is. This way I hope to show what posthuman and newmaterial approaches can contribute with to build cultures of innovation in which quality is assessed and produces again and again. They put differences to work and open up for creating moments of educational justice. Sammendrag: Artikkelen handler om kvalitetsvurdering i et nymaterielt perspektiv: Kroppslig kunnskap og viten. Teori og metode skrives sammen i immanent samtidighet for å gi et bilde på kompleksitet. Både hensikt og mål med artikkelen er å følge den flyten som Irma som hendelse eller event produserer, for å åpne opp potensialitet for en bekreftende eller affirmativ poetiserende kritikkpraksis og en ny forståelse av- og vurdering for kvalitet. Kvalitet skrives fram som en hendelse, intensitet eller kraft i et øyeblikk. Øyeblikket er derfor tekstens eneste og bærende struktur, som kvalitet i bevegelse. Tekstens indre logikk har slik til hensikt å motvirke forsøk på å skape definerte, faste eller bestemte oppfatninger av hva kvalitet er og hvordan kvalitet kan vurderes. På denne måten håper jeg å vise hva nymaterielle perspektiver kan gjøre for å bygge kulturer for innovasjon hvor kvalitet vurderes og produseres igjen og igjen. De setter forskjellighet i bevegelse og åpner opp for å skape rettferdige utdanningsøyeblikk.
Higher central fat and poor self-body image in short-stature overweight/obese women living in Brazilian shantytowns
Authors: Bueno Nassib Bezerra , Florêncio Telma Toledo , Cavalcante Fabiana Albuquerque , Lins Isabela Lopes , Clemente Ana Grotti , Sawaya Ana Lydia 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundShort stature in adult life, a possible consequence of poor perinatal conditions, is associated with higher risk of mortality and social disabilities. We aimed to determine whether low-income, overweight/obese, short-stature (SS) women show alterations in body composition, self-body-image perception, and biochemical profile compared to their non-short (NS) counterparts.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with women living in shantytowns and mother or relatives to undernourished children treated in a center for recuperation and nutritional education. Inclusion criteria were: (1) age, 19–45 years; (2) stature < 152.3 cm or > 158.7 cm; and (3) body mass index > 25 kg/m2. Socioeconomic, anthropometric, biochemical, and body image data were collected. We analyzed 56 SS and 57 NS women.ResultsThe SS group showed a higher waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) (mean: 0.63; standard deviation: 0.06 for SS and mean: 0.60; standard deviation: 0.07 for the NS group; p = 0.02), and, in the adjusted analysis, showed lower fat-free mass (Estimated Marginal Mean for the SS group: 45.7 kg 95% confidence intervals (CI) (45.2–46.2) and for the NS group: 46.9 kg 95% CI (46.4–47.4); p < 0.01) and higher fat mass (Estimated Marginal Mean for the SS group: 32.5 95% CI (31.9–33.0) and for the NS group: 31.4 kg 95% CI (30.9–31.9); p < 0.01). Body mass index was a better predictor of current self-body-image perception for NS women. The SS coefficient values were β = 0.141,SE= 0.059, and R2-Nagelkerke = 0.107, and the NS coefficients values were β = 0.307,SE= 0.058, and R2-Nagelkerke = 0.491 (Z= 2.006; p < 0.05). Considering the obese subgroup, six out of 32 (18.8%) SS women and 14 out of 33 (42.4%) NS women perceived themselves as obese (χ2= 4.27; p = 0.03). This difference remained significant even after adjustment by age, schooling, and number of children (p = 0.04). Only the total thyroxin showed significant differences between groups, lower in SS women (p = 0.04).DiscussionOverweight/obese, low-income SS women have more central adiposity and impaired self-body image perception, and the body mass index is a weaker predictor of it, compared to NS women. Misperception about body size may be linked with an overestimation of health and underestimation of risk, which may lead to a lower utilization of the health care system and inadequate physician counseling. These features may account, at least partially, for the higher mortality risk seen in SS adults.
Synthese und Reaktivität von diskreten Calciumimiden
Authors: Wolf Benjamin M. , Maichle‐Mössmer Cäcilia , Anwander Reiner 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDie Protonolysereaktion von Dibenzylcalcium mit Triphenylsilylamin liefert ein THF‐stabilisiertes, tetrameres Calciumimid. Der Einsatz von Calcium‐bis(tetramethylaluminat) in einer Salzmetathese‐Protonolyse‐Reaktionsfolge mit den Alkalimetallamiden von 2,6‐Diisopropylamin und Triphenylsilylamin ermöglicht den Zugang zu monomeren, Lewis‐Säure‐stabilisierten Calciumimiden des Typs [(THF)4Ca(μ2‐NR)(μ2‐Me)AlMe2]. Während die Reaktion von [(THF)4Ca(μ2‐NSiPh3)(μ2‐Me)AlMe2] mit Phenylsilan unter Addition der H‐Si‐Bindung an die Ca‐N‐Imidbindung zur Bildung eines homoleptischen Calciumamidoaluminats und putativem CaH2 führt, entsteht bei der Reaktion mit Phenylacetylen unter Protonierung einer AlMe‐Einheit der dimere Komplex [(THF)Ca{NSiPh3}{AlMe2(CCPh)}]2.
Cooking fuel from Jatropha Curcas feedstock: An experiment based techno‐economic analysis
Authors: Baral Nawa Raj , Adhikari Narayan Prasad , Neupane Pratikshya 
Published: October 2016

AbstractJatropha Curcas is a promising feedstock for biofuel production, which can be grown in tropical and subtropical regions globally. Utilization of oil produced from the Jatropha seed can reduce the use of common cooking fuels in developing countries such as firewood, kerosene, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Thus, many developing countries including Nepal are promoting Jatropha‐based biofuel production plants. However, before the commercial establishment of such a facility, a thorough techno‐economic analysis is required. Thus, this study conducted a techno‐economic analysis of a commercial‐scale Jatropha oil production facility with a nameplate capacity of 23.87 million liter/year. Jatropha seeds collected from different regions of Nepal were used to determine the oil yield and other required input materials for the oil extraction process. Thermal efficiency of a conventional kerosene stove blending with Jatropha oil was also determined. These experimental data and other data associated with process equipment collected from the literature were used to conduct the techno‐economic analysis. The estimated Jatropha oil costs ($/L) with and without oil cake revenue were 0.64 and 0.76, respectively. Additionally, Jatropha oil production cost ($/L) including oil cake revenue at 90% confidence interval was 0.38–1.02. Feedstock cost, oil yield, oil cake revenue, and plant size were the most sensitive parameters to oil production cost. Further, thermal efficiency of 38.8 ± 0.18% was obtained when 20% (v/v) Jatropha oil was blended with kerosene and the efficiency was inversely proportional to blending ratio. Overall, 20% (v/v) Jatropha oil‐kerosene blend could be a viable cooking fuel for developing countries. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Recombinant flavin‐dependent halogenases are functional in tobacco chloroplasts without co‐expression of flavin reductase genes
Authors: Fräbel Sabine , Krischke Markus , Staniek Agata , Warzecha Heribert 
Published: October 2016

AbstractHalogenation of natural compounds in planta is rare. Herein, a successful engineering of tryptophan 6‐halogenation into the plant context by heterologous expression of the Streptomyces toxytricini Stth gene and localization of its enzymatic product in various tobacco cell compartments is described. When co‐expressed with the flavin reductase rebF from Lechevalieria aerocolonigenes, Stth efficiently produced chlorinated tryptophan in the cytosol. Further, supplementation of KBr yielded the brominated metabolite. More strikingly, targeting of the protein to the chloroplasts enabled effective halogenation of tryptophan even in absence of the partner reductase, providing crucial evidence for sufficient, organelle‐specific supply of the FADH2 cofactor to drive halogen integration. Incorporation of an alternative enzyme, the 7‐halogenase RebH from L. aerocolonigenes, into the metabolic set‐up resulted in the formation of 6,7‐dichlorotryptophan. Finally, expression of tryptophan decarboxylase (tdc) in concert with stth led to the generation of 6‐chlorotryptamine, a new‐to‐nature precursor of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids. In sum, the report highlights the tremendous application potential of plants as a unique chassis for the engineering of rare and valuable halogenated natural products, with chloroplasts as the cache of reduction equivalents driving metabolic reactions.
Polyester hydrolysis is enhanced by a truncated esterase: Less is more
Authors: Biundo Antonino , Ribitsch Doris , Steinkellner Georg , Gruber Karl , Guebitz Georg M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAn esterase from Clostridium botulinum (Cbotu_EstA) previously reported to hydrolyze the biodegradable polyester poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) was redesigned to improve the hydrolysis of synthetic polyesters. Increased activity was indeed observed for del71Cbotu_EstA variant, which performed activity on the widespread polyester polyethylene terephthalate, which was not able to be attacked by the wild‐type enzyme Cbotu_EstA. Analysis of the 3D structure of the enzyme showed that removing 71 residues at the N‐terminus of the enzyme exposed a hydrophobic patch on the surface and improved sorption of hydrophobic polyesters concomitantly facilitating the access of the polymer to the active site. These results show a new route for enhancing enzyme activity for hydrolysis and modification of polyesters.
Engineering Halomonas spp. as A Low‐Cost Production Host for Production of Bio‐surfactant Protein PhaP
Authors: Lan Lu‐Hong , Zhao Han , Chen Jin‐Chun , Chen Guo‐Qiang 
Published: October 2016

AbstractHalomonas spp. have been studied as a low cost production host for producing bulk materials such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) bioplastics, since they are able to grow at high pH and high NaCl concentration under unsterile and continuous conditions without microbial contamination. In this paper, Halomonas strain TD is used as a host to produce a protein named PHA phasin or PhaP which has a potential to be developed into a bio‐surfactant. Four Halomonas TD expression strains are constructed based on a strong T7‐family expression system. Of these, the strain with phaC deletion and chromosomal expression system resulted in the highest production of PhaP in soluble form, reaching 19% of total cellular soluble proteins and with a yield of 1.86 g/L in an open fed‐batch fermentation process. A simple ”heat lysis and salt precipitation“ method is applied to allow rapid PhaP purification from a mixture of cellular proteins with a PhaP recovery rate of 63%. It clearly demonstrated that Halomonas TD could be used for high yield expression of a bio‐surfactant protein PhaP for industrial application in an economical way.