bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multimodal study of impulsivity and body weight: Integrating behavioral, cognitive, and neuroimaging approaches
Authors: Filbey Francesca M. , Yezhuvath Uma S. 
Published: November 2016

ObjectiveDimensions of impulsivity are related to obesity. Accordingly, characterization of impulsivity in individuals with overweight and obesity holds promise for more targeted and effective intervention.MethodsForty‐five individuals (13 males, mean age = 32.6, mean body mass index [BMI] = 30.7) were recruited to determine the role of impulsivity in elevated body weight by evaluating: (1) trait impulsivity via impulsive sensation‐seeking scale (ImpSS), (2) state impulsivity via continuous performance test, and (3) activation and integration of brain cognitive control regions via functional magnetic resonance imaging during a response inhibition task (i.e., stop signal task).ResultsPositive correlations were found between BMI and trait (ImpSS) as well as state impulsivity (continuous performance test, β). BMI was negatively correlated with regional activation in the temporal lobe and insula during successful response inhibition. Further, there was a positive association between BMI and functional connectivity between the right inferior frontal gyrus and right middle frontal gyrus during successful response inhibition. Mediation analyses revealed that ImpSS mediated the relationship between BMI and neural response in the right inferior frontal gyrus.ConclusionsThis multimodal study provides concordant evidence for behavioral, cognitive, and neural markers of impulsivity and elevated BMI, highlighting the need to address inhibitory control mechanisms for more effective weight management programs.
Evaluation of maternal and perinatal characteristics on childhood lymphoma risk: A population‐based case‐control study
Authors: Peckham‐Gregory Erin C. , Danysh Heather E. , Brown Austin L. , Eckstein Olive , Grimes Amanda , Chakraborty Rikhia , Lubega Joseph , McClain Kenneth L. , Allen Carl E. , Scheurer Michael E. , Lupo Philip J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundLymphoma is one of the most common pediatric malignancies; however, there are few well‐established risk factors. Therefore, we investigated if maternal and perinatal characteristics influenced the risk of childhood lymphoma.ProcedureInformation on cases (n = 374) diagnosed with lymphoma and born in Texas for the period 1995–2011 was obtained from the Texas Cancer Registry. Birth certificate controls were randomly selected at a ratio of 10 controls per 1 case for the same period of 1995–2011. Unconditional logistic regression was used to generate unadjusted (OR) and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the following histologic subtypes: Hodgkin (HL), Burkitt (BL), and non‐BL non‐HLs (non‐BL NHLs).ResultsOverall, our findings indicate specific maternal and perinatal characteristics influence childhood lymphoma risk. Mexico‐born mothers were more likely to have offspring who developed BL compared to mothers born in the United States (U.S.; aOR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.06–4.36). Further, mothers who resided at time of delivery in a county on the U.S.‐Mexico border were more likely to give birth to offspring who developed non‐BL NHL (aOR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.11–2.67) compared to mothers not living on the U.S.‐Mexico border at time of infant birth. Last, infants born large‐for‐gestational‐age experienced a twofold increase in BL risk (aOR: 2.00; 95% CI: 1.10–3.65).ConclusionsIn this population‐based assessment, we confirmed previously reported risk predictors of childhood lymphoma, including sex of infant, while highlighting novel risk factors that warrant assessment in future studies.
Feasibility and clinical integration of molecular profiling for target identification in pediatric solid tumors
Authors: Pincez Thomas , Clément Nathalie , Lapouble Eve , Pierron Gaëlle , Kamal Maud , Bieche Ivan , Bernard Virginie , Fréneaux Paul , Michon Jean , Orbach Daniel , Aerts Isabelle , Pacquement Hélène , Bourdeaut Franck , Jiménez Irene , Thébaud Estelle , Oudot Caroline , Vérité Cécile , Taque Sophie , Owens Cormac , Doz François , Le Tourneau Christophe , Delattre Olivier , Schleiermacher Gudrun 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe role of tumor molecular profiling in directing targeted therapy utilization remains to be defined for pediatric tumors. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a sequencing and molecular biology tumor board (MBB) program, and its clinical impact on children with solid tumors.ProcedureWe report on a single‐center MBB experience of 60 pediatric patients with a poor prognosis or relapsed/refractory solid tumors screened between October 2014 and November 2015. Tumor molecular profiling was performed with panel‐based next‐generation sequencing and array comparative genomic hybridization.ResultsMean age was 12 ± 5.7 years (range 0.1–21.5); main tumor types were high‐grade gliomas (n = 14), rare sarcomas (n = 9), and neuroblastomas (n = 8). The indication was a poor prognosis tumor at diagnosis for 16 patients and relapsed (n = 26) or refractory disease (n = 18) for the remaining 44 patients. Molecular profiling was feasible in 58 patients. Twenty‐three patients (40%) had a potentially actionable finding. Patients with high‐grade gliomas had the highest number of targetable alterations (57%). Six of the 23 patients subsequently received a matched targeted therapy for a period ranging from 16 days to 11 months. The main reasons for not receiving targeted therapy were poor general condition (n = 5), pursuit of conventional therapy (n = 6), or lack of pediatric trial (n = 4).ConclusionsPediatric molecular profiling is feasible, with more than a third of patients being eligible to receive targeted therapy, yet only a small proportion were treated with these therapies. Analysis at diagnosis may be useful for children with very poor prognosis tumsors.
Health‐related quality of life and adherence to hydroxyurea in adolescents and young adults with sickle cell disease
Authors: Badawy Sherif M. , Thompson Alexis A. , Lai Jin‐Shei , Penedo Frank J. , Rychlik Karen , Liem Robert I. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundComplications related to sickle cell disease (SCD) result in significant declines in health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). While hydroxyurea reduces SCD complications, adherence remains suboptimal. The study's objectives were to assess the feasibility of Internet‐based electronic assessment of HRQOL in SCD clinic and to examine the relationship between HRQOL and hydroxyurea adherence in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with SCD.ProcedureA cross‐sectional survey was administered on tablets to 34 AYAs (12–22 years old) in a SCD clinic from January through December 2015. Study measures included Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) computerized adaptive testing and ©Modified Morisky Adherence Scale 8‐items (©MMAS‐8).ResultsParticipants (59% male, 91% Black) had median age of 13.5 (range 12–18) years. Ninety‐one percent completed PROMIS® measures electronically in the clinic, meeting our feasibility criterion of ≥85% completion rate. ©MMAS‐8 scores positively correlated with fetal hemoglobin (HbF) (rs = 0.34, P = 0.04) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (rs = 0.42, P = 0.01) and inversely correlated with fatigue (rs = –0.45, P = 0.01), depression (rs = –0.3, P = 0.08), and social isolation (rs = –0.78, P = 0.02). Low ©MMAS‐8 scores, indicating poor adherence, were associated with worse fatigue (P = 0.001) and trended toward significance for pain (P = 0.07) and depression (P = 0.06). Homozygous hemoglobin S disease patients with low HbF (<16%) had worse social isolation (P = 0.04) and those with low MCV (<102 fl) reported worse fatigue (P = 0.001), pain (P = 0.01), mobility (P = 0.01), and social isolation (P = 0.04).ConclusionsHRQOL assessment in the SCD clinic is feasible. SCD patients with low hydroxyurea adherence and/or low HbF or MCV levels had worse HRQOL scores, particularly fatigue. Future prospective studies examining the relationship between HRQOL and hydroxyurea adherence are warranted.
Clinical aspects of prenatally detected congenital heart malformations and the yield of chromosomal microarray analysis
Authors: Sukenik‐Halevy Rivka , Sukenik Shay , Koifman Arie , Alpert Yoav , Hershkovitz Reli , Levi Alex , Biron‐Shental Tal 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe yield of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) for prenatally detected congenital heart defects (CHD) is 6.6% to 19.2%. We evaluated the yield of CMA in cases of prenatally detected CHD in regard to specific clinical characteristics.MethodsData from 192 cases of CHD including type, clinical and familial background, workup performed during the pregnancy, and pregnancy outcomes were collected.ResultsFetal echocardiography was performed in all cases; 61.4% of CHD were suspected by ultrasound. There was a positive family history (FH) in 15.7%. Abnormal nuchal translucency or umbilical cord anomalies were detected in 1.7% and 5.9%, respectively, and 55.1% were isolated cases. In 11 of 96 cases in which genetic testing was performed, karyotype and CMA were abnormal (11.5%). The detection rate of CMA (performed in 72 cases) was 9.7%. The yield of CMA was similar in simple cases, isolated cases, and cases with a positive FH. CMA was abnormal in 7.3% of ventricular septal defect cases.ConclusionMost cases of prenatally detected CHD had no additional extra‐cardiac, sonographic findings suggesting increased risk for CHD. The yield of CMA testing was significant in all clinical scenarios including simple heart malformations, isolated cases, and cases with a positive FH. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solar cell efficiency tables (version 49)
Authors: Green Martin A. , Emery Keith , Hishikawa Yoshihiro , Warta Wilhelm , Dunlop Ewan D. , Levi Dean H. , Ho‐Baillie Anita W. Y. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractConsolidated tables showing an extensive listing of the highest independently confirmed efficiencies for solar cells and modules are presented. Guidelines for inclusion of results into these tables are outlined, and new entries since June 2016 are reviewed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Developments in antimicrobial polymers
Authors: Ren Wei , Cheng Weiren , Wang Guan , Liu Ye 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTEffective antimicrobial polymers have been attracting more interests because of the low propensity to cause drug‐resistant microorganisms. The recent progresses in antimicrobial polymers are updated according to the action approaches, that is, antimicrobial polymers with free mobility or fixed on surfaces, respectively. Free antimicrobial polymers kill pathogens majorly via electrostatic interaction followed by disruption of the cell membranes; strong antimicrobial activity of primary/secondary amines, new chemical units, and peptides without facial amphiphilicity are highlighted; and the dependences on amphiphilicity, topology, and self‐assembly profiles are summarized. Antimicrobial polymers fixed on surfaces kill pathogens via interaction with the cell membranes of pathogens via electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction; approaches to antimicrobial surfaces based on covalently grafting, anchoring, and bulk‐mixing of polymers are summarized; and new designs of sustainable antimicrobial surfaces and hydrogels are highlighted. Deep biology understanding and development strategies of materials are suggested for the future. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 632–639
Estimating mammalian species richness and occupancy in tropical forest canopies with arboreal camera traps
Authors: Bowler Mark T. , Tobler Mathias W. , Endress Bryan A. , Gilmore Michael P. , Anderson Matthew J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractLarge and medium‐bodied rainforest canopy mammals are typically surveyed using line transects, but these are labour intensive and usually ignore nocturnal species. Camera traps have become the preferred tool for assessing terrestrial mammal communities, but have rarely been used for arboreal species. Here, we compare the efficiency of arboreal camera trapping with line transects for inventorying medium and large‐sized arboreal mammals, and assess the viability of using camera traps in trees to model habitat occupancy. We installed 42 camera traps, spaced 2 km apart, in the canopy of the Maijuna‐Kichwa Regional Conservation Area, Peru and walked 2014 km of diurnal line transects on 22 trails at the same site. We compared the efficiency of each method using species accumulation curves. We applied a multi‐species occupancy model, while examining the effect of camera height on detection probabilities, including the distance from a village and from a river as covariates to examine variability in habitat occupancy. In 3147 camera days, 18 species of arboreal medium and large‐sized mammals were detected by cameras, while 11 species were recorded on line transects. Ten of these species were detected by both methods. Diurnal species were detected more quickly and with less effort using arboreal camera trapping than using diurnal line transects at the same site, although some species were more easily detected during line transects. Habitat occupancy was positively correlated with distance from the village for two species, and negatively correlated with distance from the river for one. Detection probabilities increased modestly with camera height. Practical limitations of arboreal camera trapping include the requirement for specialized climbing techniques, as well as increased potential for false triggers, requiring extended processing time. Arboreal camera trapping is an efficient method for inventorying arboreal mammals and a viable option for studying their distribution relative to environmental or anthropogenic variables when abundance or density estimates are not required.
p27kip1 Is Required for Functionally Relevant Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Mice
Authors: Hörster Henrik , Garthe Alexander , Walker Tara L. , Ichwan Muhammad , Steiner Barbara , Khan Muhammad Amir , lie Dieter Chichung , Nicola Zeina , Ramirez-Rodriguez Gerardo , Kempermann Gerd 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
We asked whether cell-cycle associated protein p27kip1 might be involved in the transition of precursor cells to postmitotic maturation in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. p27kip1 was expressed throughout the dentate gyrus with a strong nuclear expression in early postmitotic, calretinin-positive neurons and neuronally determined progenitor cells (type-3 and some type-2b), lower or absent expression in radial glia-like precursor cells (type-1) and type-2a cells and essentially no expression in granule cells. This suggested a transitory role in late proliferative and early postmitotic phases of neurogenesis. Inconsistent with a role limited to cell cycle arrest the acute stimuli, voluntary wheel running (RUN), environmental enrichment (ENR) and kainate-induced seizures increased p27kip1 expressing cells. Sequential short-term combination of RUN and ENR yielded more p27kip1 cells than either stimulus alone, indicating an additive effect. In vitro, p27kip1 was lowly expressed by proliferating precursor cells but increased upon differentiation. In p27kip1−/− mice neurogenesis was reduced in vivo, whereas the number of proliferating cells was increased. Accordingly, the microdissected dentate gyrus of p27kip1−/− mice generated more colonies in the neurosphere assay and an increased number of larger spheres with the differentiation potential unchanged. In p27kip1−/− monolayer cultures, proliferation was increased and cell cycle genes were upregulated. In the Morris water maze p27kip1−/− mice learned the task but were specifically impaired in the reversal phase explainable by the decrease in adult neurogenesis. We conclude that p27kip1 is involved in the decisive step around cell-cycle exit and plays an important role in activity-regulated and functionally relevant adult hippocampal neurogenesis.
Brain amyloid in preclinical Alzheimer's disease is associated with increased driving risk
Authors: Ott Brian R. , Jones Richard N. , Noto Richard B. , Yoo Don C. , Snyder Peter J. , Bernier Justine N. , Carr David B. , Roe Catherine M. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIntroductionPostmortem studies suggest that fibrillar brain amyloid places people at higher risk for hazardous driving in the preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsWe administered driving questionnaires to 104 older drivers (19 AD, 24 mild cognitive impairment, and 61 cognitive normal) who had a recent 18F‐florbetapir positron emission tomography scan. We examined associations of amyloid standardized uptake value ratios with driving behaviors: traffic violations or accidents in the past 3 years.ResultsThe frequency of violations or accidents was curvilinear with respect to standardized uptake value ratios, peaking around a value of 1.1 (model r2 = 0.10, P = .002); moreover, this relationship was evident for the cognitively normal participants.DiscussionWe found that driving risk is strongly related to accumulating amyloid on positron emission tomography, and that this trend is evident in the preclinical stage of AD. Brain amyloid burden may in part explain the increased crash risk reported in older adults.
Potential immunological markers for diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis using heterologous antigens
Authors: CORRAL M. A. , PAULA F. M. , MEISEL D. M. C. L. , CASTILHO V. L. P. , GONÇALVES E. M. N. , LEVY D. , BYDLOWSKI S. P. , CHIEFFI P. P. , CASTRO-BORGES W. , GRYSCHEK R. C. B. 
Published: November 2016

SUMMARYStrongyloides venezuelensisis a parasitic nematode of rodents that is frequently used to obtain heterologous antigens for immunological diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis. The aim of this study was to identify antigens from filariform larvae ofS. venezuelensisfor immunodiagnosis of human strongyloidiasis. Soluble and membrane fractions from filariform larvae ofS. venezuelensiswere obtained in phosphate saline (SS and SM) and in Tris–HCl buffer (TS and TM), and were analysed by Western blotting. Different antigenic components were recognized by IgG antibodies from the sera of strongyloidiasis patients. Highest recognition was observed for a 30–40 kDa mass range present in all antigenic fractions. The band encompassing this mass range was then excised and subjected to mass spectrometry for protein identification. Immunoreactive proteins identified in the soluble fractions corresponded to metabolic enzymes, whereas cytoskeletal proteins and galectins were more abundant in the membrane fractions. These results represent the first approach towards identification ofS. venezuelensisantigens for use in immunodiagnostic assays for human strongyloidiasis.
Plasmodium knowlesi and human malaria parasites in Khan Phu, Vietnam: Gametocyte production in humans and frequent co-infection of mosquitoes
Authors: MAENO Y. , CULLETON R. , QUANG N. T. , KAWAI S. , MARCHAND R. P. , NAKAZAWA S. 
Published: November 2016

SUMMARYFour species of malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium knowlesi infect humans living in the Khanh Phu commune, Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam. The latter species also infects wild macaque monkeys in this region. In order to understand the transmission dynamics of the three species, we attempted to detect gametocytes of the three species in the blood of infected individuals, and sporozoites in the salivary glands of mosquitoes from the same region. For the detection of gametocyte-specific mRNA, we targeted region 3 of pfg377, pvs25, pmg and pks25 as indicators of the presence of P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae and P. knowlesi gametocytes, respectively. Gametocyte-specific mRNA was present in 37, 61, 0 and 47% of people infected with P. falciparum (n = 95), P. vivax (n = 69), P. malariae (n = 6) or P. knowlesi (n = 32), respectively. We found that 70% of mosquitoes that had P. knowlesi in their salivary glands also carried human malaria parasites, suggesting that mosquitoes are infected with P. knowlesi from human infections.
Evolution of host range in the follicle mite Demodex kutzeri
Authors: PALOPOLI MICHAEL F. , TRA VAN , MATOIN KASSEY , MAC PHUONG D. 
Published: November 2016

SUMMARYThe sequences of four mitochondrial genes were determined for Demodex mites isolated from two distantly related species within the family Cervidae, and identified morphologically as belonging to the species Demodex kutzeri. The sequences were used to test the hypothesis that Demodex are strictly host-specific, and hence cospeciate with their hosts: (1) The estimated divergence time between mites found on elk vs humans agreed closely with a previous estimate of the time that these host species last shared a common ancestor, suggesting cospeciation of mites and hosts, at least over long evolutionary timescales. (2) The extremely low levels of sequence divergence between the mites found on elk vs mule deer hosts indicated that these mites belong to the same species, which suggests that Demodex are able to move across host species boundaries over shorter timescales. Together, the results are consistent with the model that Demodex mites are not strict host-specialists, but instead lose the ability to move between host lineages gradually.
Pervasive influence of maternal and paternal criminal offending on early childhood development: a population data linkage study
Authors: Laurens K. R. , Tzoumakis S. , Kariuki M. , Green M. J. , Hamde M. , Harris F. , Carr V. J. , Dean K. 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundParental criminal offending is an established risk factor for offending among offspring, but little evidence is available indicating the impact of offending on early childhood functioning. We used data from a large Australian population cohort to determine associations between exposure to parental offending and a range of developmental outcomes at age 5 years.MethodMulti-generation data in 66 477 children and their parents from the New South Wales Child Development Study were combined using data linkage. Logistic and multinomial regressions tested associations between any and violent offending histories of parents (fathers, mothers, or both parents) obtained from official records, and multiple measures of early childhood developmental functioning (social, emotional–behavioural, cognitive, communication and physical domains) obtained from the teacher-reported 2009 Australian Early Development Census.ResultsParental offending conferred significantly increased risk of vulnerability on all domains, particularly the cognitive domain. Greater risk magnitudes were observed for offending by both parents and by mothers than by fathers, and for violent than for any offending. For all parental offending exposures, vulnerability on multiple domains (where medium to large effects were observed) was more likely than on a single domain (small to medium effects). Relationships remained significant and of comparable magnitude following adjustment for sociodemographic covariates.ConclusionsThe effect of parental offending on early childhood developmental outcomes is pervasive, with the strongest effects on functioning apparent when both parents engage in violent offending. Supporting affected families in early childhood might mitigate both early developmental vulnerability and the propensity for later delinquency among these offspring.