bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of del(5q) MDS, 14 years after JAK-2 positive PV appearance: complete remission of both diseases with lenalidomide monotherapy
Authors: Vaccarino Antonella , Dogliotti Irene , Marletto Fabio , Demarchi Andrea , Bazzan Mario 
Published: April 2017

This is the report of the clinical case of a patient who presents the association of a JAK-2 positive chronic myeloproliferative neoplasia to a subsequent 5q- myelodysplastic syndrome, developed after about 14 years from the first diagnosis. Patient’s symptoms had rapidly worsened, and she became transfusion-dependent. Therapy with low-dose Lenalidomide quickly reduced the splenomegaly, and completely brought white cells counts, haemoglobin and platelets back to normal. After more than one year from start, blood cell count is still normal. As far as we know this is the first case of an effective treatment with Lenalidomide reported in this clinical setting.
Metastatic Intracranial Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma with Unknown Primary: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Chaturvedi Jitender , Konar Subas Kanti , Jethwani Dilip , Srinivas Dwarakanath , Mahadevan Anita 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTAdenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is an epithelial malignancy comprising approximately 8–10%of all salivary gland tumors. Intracranial ACC without a known primary is an extremely rare pathobiological event. Only 13 cases have been reported in available literature. We report a case of a rare intracranial ACC in a 35-year-old gentleman presenting with features of raised intracranial pressure. Patient had a lesion in the right parieto-occipital lobe and underwent gross total decompression. There was no evidence of any primary after a thorough systemic evaluation. In the postoperative period, he showed a good clinical improvement and was recurrence free at follow-up of 18 months. We also discuss and review the existing relevant literature.
Intraoperative Squash Smear in Central Nervous System Tumors and Its Correlation with Histopathology: 1 Year Study at a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Jindal Arpita , Diwan Himanshi , Kaur Kanwalpreet , Sinha V. D. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
Background: Intraoperative squash smear cytology is a simple and reliable technique for rapid intraoperative diagnosis of neurosurgical specimens. The study was designed to assess the accuracy of intraoperative squash smear in the diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) space-occupying lesions. Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty cases of CNS space-occupying lesion were studied in a period of 15 months. Smears were prepared from the biopsy sample obtained at the time of operation and were stained with rapid hematoxylin and eosin method. Results: One hundred and forty-one cases showed complete correlation with histopathology, two cases showed partial correlation, and seven cases were discrepant. The overall diagnostic accuracy was found to be 94%. Conclusion: Intraoperative squash smear thus provides diagnosis with fair accuracy in brain tumors and is of great value in intraoperative consultation.
Clinical Profile, Outcome, and Prognostic Factors of Cortical Venous Thrombosis in a Tertiary Care Hospital, India
Authors: Banakar Basavaraj Fakkirappa , Hiregoudar Vandana 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
Background: Cortical venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare condition, compared to arterial stroke and often occurs in young individuals presenting with varying clinical features. Aim: The aim is to study clinical profile and assess the outcome and prognostic factors of CVT patients. Methodology: A case series study was done for 2 years. CVT cases confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging were included in this study. Clinical presentation and risk factors were noted then patients were assessed at the time of discharge for their physical and mental status. Modified Rankin scale was used to group patients, accordingly scores 0–2 were considered as good and 3–6 as poor outcome, respectively. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test to know the association between prognostic factors and outcome. Results: Out of 81 patients, more than half of the patients were in the age group of <35 years (55.6%), and majority of patients were females (79%). Most common symptom was headache (82.7%) and least was fever (14.8%). Superior sagittal sinus was most commonly involved (74.1%). Nearly half of the patients were in puerperal period (44.1%). Patients aged more than 35 years (odds ratio [OR]: 9.1, confidence interval [CI]: 4.463–19.750) presenting with symptoms such as fever (OR: 3.442, CI: 1.088–12.140), impaired consciousness (OR: 5.467, CI: 2.064–15.330) and having clinical signs such as coma (OR: 23.99, CI, 3.844–544.1), papilledema (OR: 25.15, CI: 7.565–101.5), and with focal neurological deficit (OR: 9.366, CI: 2.693–3.41) had statistically significant poor outcome. Conclusion: Females formed a major bulk of patients. Higher number patients showed poor outcome. Study showed association between age, headache, impaired consciousness, coma, papilledema, and neurological deficit to poor outcome.
Dilated Virchow–Robin Spaces Mimicking a Brainstem Arteriovenous Malformation
Authors: Buell Thomas J. , Ramesh Arjun , Ding Dale , Raper Daniel M. S. , Chen Ching-Jen , Starke Robert M. , Mukherjee Sugoto , Crowley R. Webster 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTVirchow–Robin spaces (VRS) are ubiquitous and commonly observed as the resolution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) continues to improve. The function of VRS and the etiology of their dilation is still a subject of research. Diagnosing dilated VRS (dVRS) can be challenging because they may appear similar to other pathologies such as cystic neoplasms, infectious cysts, and even arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) on certain MRI pulse sequences. We reported a unique case of brainstem dVRS mimicking an AVM. Furthermore, the extensive pontine involvement of our patient’s lesion is rarely described in neurosurgical literature. Understanding the imaging characteristics of dVRS is critical to accurately diagnose these lesions and avoid unnecessary tests and procedures.
Mild Encephalitis with a Reversible Splenial Lesion: A Clinical Benign Condition, often Underrecognized – Clinical Case and Literature Review
Authors: Marsala Sandro Zambito , Antichi Eleonora , Pistacchi Michele , Gioulis Manuela , Candeago Rosa Maria , Montemurro Roberta Taranto , Gentile Manrico , D'Andrea Paolo , Ferracci Franco 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTMild encephalitis with reversible lesion in the splenium is a clinicoradiological syndrome characterized by a variegated symptomatology with a solitary mass in the central portion of the splenium of the corpus callosum. Complete spontaneous resolution is the hallmark of this syndrome, though its pathogenesis is still unknown. We describe the clinical picture of a 51-year-old woman who developed a partial sensitive seizure, with MRI evidence of a lesion localized in the posterior portion of the corpus callosum. The patient made a full recovery thanks to the administration of antiepileptic drugs. Acquiring knowledge of this syndrome, in the wide diagnostic panel which includes vertebrobasilar diseases besides the broad range of metabolic and electrolyte disorders, is crucial to a prompt clinical diagnosis and in establishing a reliable prognosis at an early stage.
Chiari I Malformation Associated with Turner Syndrome
Authors: Harsha Kamble Jayaprakash , Nair Jeevan S. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTTurner syndrome (TS) is a rare genetic disease due to the absence of one X chromosome. Patients with TS have more subtle neurological/neuropsychiatric problems, while headache is an uncommon clinical presentation which needs attention. We report a 12-year-old child presenting with typical cough headache. Her magnetic resonance imaging revealed Chiari I malformation associated with TS. To the best of our knowledge, Chiari I malformation associated with TS is not described in literature. We report the first case of TS associated with Chiari I malformation. Interestingly, Chiari I malformation is also associated with Noonan’s syndrome, which is a close morphological mimicker of TS, raising the possibility of sharing similar pathogenesis in both conditions.
Guillain–Barre Syndrome following Tuberculosis: A Rare Association
Authors: Lakhotia Akshay Navalkishor , Chouksey Dinesh , Jain Rahul , Sodani Ajoy Kumar 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTThe co-occurrence of Guillain–Barre syndrome (GBS) and tuberculosis is rare. Even in countries like India, where tuberculosis is common, there is only one case report of co-occurrence of GBS with tuberculosis. We report a case of GBS in association with sputum-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. The earliest treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin in acute motor axonal neuropathy variant of GBS would show good early recovery despite associated pulmonary tuberculosis.
Platelet Serotonin Level and Impulsivity in Human Self-destructive Behavior: A Biological and Psychological Study
Authors: Dutta S. Era , Gupta Sriniwas , Raju M. S. V. K. , Kumar Abhishek , Pawar Alka 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
Context: Suicide is a disease and a global public health problem. Suicidology has come to become a topic of study for intervention and research. The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5HT]) system has remained a prime area of investigation. The neurons and platelets display structural and functional similarities. Ninety-nine percent of 5HT is contained in platelets, which shares similar 5HT uptake and release mechanisms with 5HT neurons. Aims: This study aims to study human self-destructive behavior (HSDB). Objectives: Exploring the biological (serotonin levels in platelets) and psychological aspects (impulsivity) of attempted suicide or HSDB. Settings and Design: Thirty-one patients, above the age of 18 years, with a recent history of HSDB, were studied and given an International Classification of Diseases-10 diagnosis, after a detailed interview. Subjects and Methods: For the platelet 5HT estimation, blood samples were collected, and enzyme immunometric assay carried out. Detailed assessment of the impulsivity was done by the 25-item structured diagnostic interview for borderlines by Zanarini et al. Statistical Analysis Used: We obtained both categorical and continuous data. Chi-square test, Fisher's test, Student's t-test, and Pearson's product moment correlation were used. Results: Female subjects outnumbered males by 2:1. Major depression, adjustment disorder, personality disorder were predominant diagnoses. The mean platelet serotonin concentration for males = 57.3 ng/ml, that of females = 56.05 ng/ml (P > 0.05). Platelet 5HT levels were found to be negatively correlated with impulsivity scores (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Platelet serotonin levels in our study sample were quite low when compared with those reported in published literature. Low serotonin levels were inversely related to impulsivity, but only in males.
Advanced Age and Higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Score as Predictors of Poor Outcome in Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated with Alteplase: A Study from a Tertiary Care Centre in Rural North-west India
Authors: Bhardwaj Amit , Sharma Girish , Raina Sunil Kumar , Sharma Ashish , Angra Monica 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Thrombolytic therapy in acute ischemic stroke has been approved for treatment of acute stroke for past two decades. However, identification of predictors of poor outcome after the intravenous (IV) alteplase therapy in acute stroke patients is a matter of research. The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying poor prognostic factors in patients of acute ischemic stroke patients. Methods: The data of 31 acute stroke patients treated with alteplase were gathered to identify the factors that were independent predictors of the poor outcome. Outcome was dichotomized using modified Rankin scale (mRS) score and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at 3 months after treatment into good outcome mRS - 0–2 and poor outcome mRS - 3–6. Predictors of poor outcome were analyzed. Results: Good outcome (mRS – score 0–2) was seen in 15 (48.4%) patients with median age of (60) and poor outcome (mRS – score 3–6) was seen in 16 (51.6%) patients median age of 75 years, which was statistically significant with the P = 0.002. The presence of risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, alcohol intake, history of stroke, coronary artery disease, and rheumatic heart disease among the two groups did not seem influence outcome. The severity of stroke as assessed by NIHSS score at the time of presentation was significantly higher among the patients with poor outcome, with P = 0.01. Conclusion: Advance age and higher NIHSS score at the time of onset of stroke and are the independent predictors of the poor outcome after thrombolysis with IV alteplase treatment in acute ischemic stroke patients.
Gendered economic policy making: the case of public expenditures on family allowances
Authors: Ozdamar Oznur 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Parliament is the place where politicians make laws to set the policy direction of countries. Non-involvement of different voices such as gender, race and ethnicity in policy decisions may create an inequality in policy-making. Regarding gender, previous literature suggests that women and men may have different policy prefer- ences and women give more priority to policies related to their traditional roles as care givers to children in the family. Public spending on family allowances is one of the economic policies that plays an important role in helping families for childcare. This paper contributes to the literature by analyzing the relationship between female political representation and public spending on family allowances within a perspective of critical-mass framework.
Export of calcium carbonate corrosive waters from the East Siberian Sea
Authors: Anderson Leif G. , Ek Jörgen , Ericson Ylva , Humborg Christoph , Semiletov Igor , Sundbom Marcus , Ulfsbo Adam 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The Siberian shelf seas are areas of extensive biogeochemical transformation of organic matter, both of marine and terrestrial origin. This in combination with brine production from sea ice formation results in a cold bottom water of relative high salinity and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2). Data from the SWERUS-C3 expedition compiled on the icebreaker Oden in July to September 2014 show the distribution of such waters at the outer shelf, as well as their export into the deep central Arctic basins. Very high pCO2 water, up to ∼ 1000 µatm, was observed associated with high nutrients and low oxygen concentrations. Consequently, this water had low saturation state with respect to calcium carbonate down to less than 0.8 for calcite and 0.5 for aragonite. Waters undersaturated in aragonite were also observed in the surface in waters at equilibrium with atmospheric CO2; however, at these conditions the cause of under-saturation was low salinity from river runoff and/or sea ice melt. The calcium carbonate corrosive water was observed all along the continental margin and well out into the deep Makarov and Canada basins at a depth from about 50 m depth in the west to about 150 m in the east. These waters of low aragonite saturation state are traced in historic data to the Canada Basin and in the waters flowing out of the Arctic Ocean north of Greenland and in the western Fram Strait, thus potentially impacting the marine life in the North Atlantic Ocean.
Total Knee Arthroplasty in Patients With Cerebral Palsy: A Matched Cohort Study to Patients With Osteoarthritis
Authors: Houdek Matthew T. , Watts Chad D. , Wyles Cody C. , Trousdale Robert T. , Milbrandt Todd J. , Taunton Michael J. 
Published: April 2017

Introduction:
Currently, few data examine the use of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). This study reviewed the outcomes of TKA in patients with CP compared with a matched cohort undergoing TKA for primary osteoarthritis.

Methods:
Over a 28-year period, 15 TKAs in patients with a diagnosis of CP were identified. The cohort was 53% men, with a mean age of 58 years. Patients with CP were matched 1:2 based on age, sex, body mass index, and year of surgery with a group of patients undergoing TKA for osteoarthritis.

Results:
No difference was reported in implant survival (P = 0.27) or revision surgery (P = 0.79) between groups. All patients were ambulatory postoperatively, and significant increases were noted in the Knee Society score (P < 0.0001) and functional assessment (P = 0.003).

Discussion:
TKA is a safe, durable procedure in patients with CP to improve pain and function.
Venetians in Arberia and the Role of Venetian Language in Everyday Communication
Authors: Ndreu Irena 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
This paper aims at presenting a comprehensive overview of Venetian Albanians and the interplay of Venetian language in their everyday communication. In the everyday relations between authorities and the inhabitants of this province, language became a barrier to understanding at a basic level. The local Roman language spoken over e long period of time in Arbëria was slowly substituted by the Venetian dialect. Patricians had knowledge of it before the Venetian period, since otherwise they would haveb had to rely on translators or soldiers and common clerks who were bilingual. Other language problems Venetians faced with language concerned Serbian in translation offices, a language widely used in Arbëria. It is most likely that there was such an office in Shkodra where in 1409, Ginus Juban, aka Gjin Jubani, appears as a translator. Although he bears a typical Arbër name, it cannot absolutely be stated what his official language was. The superiority of the Venetian language in the judicial and commercial areas had an effect in the Arbëria language as well. Serbian, which had played an important role under the Balshajs among bishops as their official language, became exctinct with the fall of these states. Greek was marginalized from Durrës to further south, where there were found islands of Greek settlements around the city of Vlora.
Interpretation and Application of Article 98 of the Rome Statute
Authors: Sadushaj Mimoza , Shatku Saimir , Pustina Flori , Kuka Erdi , Taraj Geraldo 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Many high officials accused for crimes falling under the ICC (International Criminal Court) Statute, like the leader of Sudan Omar al-Bashir, have defended themselves against ICC prosecution using their State, diplomatic or Head of State immunity and there so invoking Art. 98 of the ICC Statute. This paper is to clarify all the incorrect claims, which abusively use Art. 98, to justify the objection of ICC prosecution in cases where the defendant has state, Head of State or diplomatic immunity due to his official capabilities. The paper conclusions will deal with the proper interpretation and application of this article and the reasoning of why Head of States and other high officials cannot be defended from the ICC prosecution using their immunity as an argument.
The Concept of Legal Action and Historical Overview
Authors: Leka Adrian 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In its very existence the human society, and people with one another develop relations between them. This is also supported by the laws of physics that say that the bodies in nature always interacted with each other. As it is already universally accepted that for their nature but not only people are free to decide on their own and to choose what seems right and good for them. But on the other hand this leeway is limited not only by the principles of justice and the interests of other persons but also these necessarily lawful, possible and moral. Legal action by its nature entered in the category of legitimate actions of people. Given the importance that legal actions have civil in relations, our legislation has given importance in its treatment concerning the meaning, form, validity and invalidity of legal actions, condition and term of juridical actions. In a narrow sense of the notion legal actions will be understood as legitimate manifestation of the will of the individual, physical and legal persons, that aim to create, change and/or erase civil rights and obligations that the parties undertake. While in the wide sense of the notion we will understand the legal actions not only as legitimate show of will and as a goal set by the parties but interpretations must also be seen, parties behavior, care, trust shown by them and the effects arising during the implementation of the contract or the effective period during which legal action may be ineffective for purposes of a condition, time, etc. By many modern legislation but also by our current legislation Civil Code of the 1994, legal action is defined in its narrow notion.
Econometric Estimation of Seasonal Differences between these Products, Apples and Tomato in Focus the Region of Prizren, Korca and Lushnja
Authors: Deda Eriona 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In our study we chose some areas, mainly the Korça, Lushnja, and Prizren areas. We have handled seasonal differences in the product of apple and tomato. And the impact of these seasonal differences in work-occupation of farmers on farm over a year in the activity of apple or tomato, in income, sale and prices. In the Korça area will treat the impact of seasonal differences in work -occupation of farmers on activity of apple, and the impact of these differences in income, sales and price for Korça area. For Lushnja area will treat the influence of seasonal differences in the case of tomatoes. And in the area of Prizren will treat impact of seasonal differences in the case of apple and tomato. Assessment of the seasonal differences by regions and products that we have taken in the study will be the basis of some econometric models, by using Eviews programme.
Framing “the Other” in Times of Conflicts: CNN’s Coverage of the 2003 Iraq War
Authors: Mhamdi Chaker 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
This study is explored by a qualitative analysis of visual media practices in times of international conflicts. The analysis focuses on one of the leading sources of television news in the world, namely CNN, during its coverage of the 2003 Iraq War. Due to its national and international character and its popularity in coverage of war and international conflicts, CNN is thought of as a world leader in covering global conflicts. Accordingly, this research is directed toward the ways public perceptions were formed about particular ideas through CNN’s coverage. In order to develop an accurate sense of the programming that aired during the period under study, a qualitative content analysis was conducted in which a selected sample was selected and analyzed. This sample consisted of 20 CNN news stories during the first two months of the 2003 Iraq War. Relying on transcripts and videotapes of the key events of the first two months of the 2003 Iraq War CNN’ such as “Decapitation Strike”, “Shock and Awe”, Toppling of Saddam’s Statue and the bombing of Al Jazeera Office in Iraq, the qualitative analysis aims at discerning intonation, verbal and visual emphases and the subtle cues that are uniquely embedded in the visual medium. The analytical tool that is used to conduct the qualitative analysis of the selected sequences from CNN’s coverage of the 2003 Iraq War is grounded in framing analysis. The content and qualitative framing analysis of the selected sample of the CNN’s news stories about the 2003 Iraq War reveal that CNN echoed the American centered perspectives, aligning with the official war narrative supporting the war cause, and abiding by the U.S. military censorship measures.