bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Confinement suppresses instabilities in particle-laden droplets
Authors: Bansal Lalit , Basu Saptarshi , Chakraborty Suman 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTiny concentrations of suspended particles may alter the behavior of an evaporating droplet remarkably, leading to partially viscous and partially elastic dynamical characteristics. This, in turn, may lead to some striking mechanical instabilities, such as buckling and rupture. Here, we report certain non-trivial implications of the consequent morpho-dynamics (macro to nano scales), when such an evaporating droplet is encapsulated in a confined environment. Compared to unconfined scenario, we report non-intuitive suppression of rupturing beyond a critical confinement. We attribute this to confinement-induced dramatic alteration in the evaporating flux, leading to distinctive spatio-temporal characteristics of the internal flow leading to preferential particle transport and subsequent morphological transitions. We present a regime map quantifying buckling-non buckling pathways. These results may turn out to be of profound importance towards achieving desired morphological features of a colloidal droplet, by aptly tuning the confinement space, initial particle concentration, as well as the initial droplet volume.
Ebola virus VP24 interacts with NP to facilitate nucleocapsid assembly and genome packaging
Authors: Banadyga Logan , Hoenen Thomas , Ambroggio Xavier , Dunham Eric , Groseth Allison , Ebihara Hideki 
Published: August 2017

AbstractEbola virus causes devastating hemorrhagic fever outbreaks for which no approved therapeutic exists. The viral nucleocapsid, which is minimally composed of the proteins NP, VP35, and VP24, represents an attractive target for drug development; however, the molecular determinants that govern the interactions and functions of these three proteins are still unknown. Through a series of mutational analyses, in combination with biochemical and bioinformatics approaches, we identified a region on VP24 that was critical for its interaction with NP. Importantly, we demonstrated that the interaction between VP24 and NP was required for both nucleocapsid assembly and genome packaging. Not only does this study underscore the critical role that these proteins play in the viral replication cycle, but it also identifies a key interaction interface on VP24 that may serve as a novel target for antiviral therapeutic intervention.
Expression changes in pelvic organ prolapse: a systematic review and in silico study
Authors: Khadzhieva Maryam B. , Kolobkov Dmitry S. , Kamoeva Svetlana V. , Salnikova Lyubov E. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a highly disabling condition common for a vast number of women worldwide. To contribute to existing knowledge in POP pathogenesis, we performed a systematic review of expression studies on both specific gene and whole-genome/proteome levels and an in silico analysis of publicly available datasets related to POP development. The most extensively investigated genes in individual studies were related to extracellular matrix (ECM) organization. Three premenopausal and two postmenopausal sets from two Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) studies (GSE53868 and GSE12852) were analyzed; Gene Ontology (GO) terms related to tissue repair (locomotion, biological adhesion, immune processes and other) were enriched in all five datasets. Co-expression was higher in cases than in controls in three premenopausal sets. The shared between two or more datasets up-regulated genes were enriched with those related to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the NHGRI GWAS Catalog. ECM-related genes were not over-represented among differently expressed genes. Up-regulation of genes related to tissue renewal probably reflects compensatory mechanisms aimed at repair of damaged tissue. Inefficiency of this process may have different origins including age-related deregulation of gene expression.
Multiple excitatory actions of orexins upon thalamo-cortical neurons in dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus - implications for vision modulation by arousal
Authors: Chrobok Lukasz , Palus-Chramiec Katarzyna , Chrzanowska Anna , Kepczynski Mariusz , Lewandowski Marian Henryk 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe orexinergic system of the lateral hypothalamus plays a crucial role in maintaining wakefulness and mediating arousal in a circadian time-dependent manner. Due to the extensive connections of orexinergic neurons, both orexins (OXA and OXB) exert mainly excitatory effects upon remote brain areas, including the thalamus. The dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (DLG) is a relay thalamic centre for the visual system. Its thalamo-cortical (TC) neurons convey photic information from the retina to the primary visual cortex. The present study shows that orexins are powerful modulators of neuronal activity in the DLG. OXA directly depolarised the majority of neurons tested, acting predominately on postsynaptic OX2 receptors. Moreover, OXA was found to increase excitability and enhance neuronal responses to both glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Mechanistic studies showed the involvement of voltage-gated calcium currents and GIRK channels in the observed depolarisations. Immunohistochemical staining showed sparse orexinergic innervation of the DLG during the light phase, with increased density at night. We hypothesise that the depolarising effects of orexins upon DLG neurons may facilitate signal transmission through the visual thalamo-cortical pathway during behavioural arousal. Thus, the action of orexin on DLG TC neurons may underlie the circadian/behavioural modulation of vision.
On the chemistry of 1-pyrroline in solution and in the gas phase
Authors: Zhang Xiaoping , Chingin Konstantin , Zhong Dacai , Liang Juchao , Ouyang Yongzhong , Chen Huanwen 
Published: August 2017

Abstract1-Pyrroline has a highly characteristic odor, which is employed by living organisms for chemical signaling and other purposes, but the mechanism whereby this odor is formed remains poorly understood. Here we used a combination of ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to experimentally address the mechanistic aspects of 1-pyrroline volatility and other controversies regarding the chemistry of this compound. Our results indicate that in solution the volatility of the monomer species is significantly higher than that of the trimer species, and 1-pyrroline is evaporated mainly in its monomer state. Neat 1-pyrroline is essentially the pure trimer and displays ca. 100-fold lower evaporation rate than the monomer state in solution. In the gas-phase the trimer species is irreversibly decomposed into monomer species. Under equilibrium conditions the vapor of 1-pyrroline entirely consists of monomer species. The evaporation rate of 1-pyrroline in water has a step-wise dependence on the solution pH, the abrupt increase in volatility (>1,000-fold) occurring around the pKa value of 1-pyrroline (6.8). The pronounced step-wise dependence of 1-pyrroline volatility around neutral pH may also be an important evolutionary factor allowing living systems to regulate the odor strength from very weak to very strong with minimal efforts.
Virus-like particles that display Zika virus envelope protein domain III induce potent neutralizing immune responses in mice
Authors: Yang Ming , Lai Huafang , Sun Haiyan , Chen Qiang 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSeveral Zika virus (ZIKV) vaccine candidates have recently been described which use inactivated whole virus, DNA or RNA that express the virus’ Envelope (E) glycoprotein as the antigen. These were successful in stimulating production of virus-targeted antibodies that protected animals against ZIKV challenges, but their use potentially will predispose vaccinated individuals to infection by the related Dengue virus (DENV). We have devised a virus like particle (VLP) carrier based on the hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) that displays the ZIKV E protein domain III (zDIII), and shown that it can be produced quickly and easily purified in large quantities from Nicotiana benthamiana plants. HBcAg-zDIII VLPs are shown to be highly immunogenic, as two doses elicited potent humoral and cellular responses in mice that exceed the threshold correlated with protective immunity against multiple strains of Zika virus. Notably, HBcAg-zDIII VLPs-elicited antibodies did not enhance the infection of DENV in Fc gamma receptor-expressing cells, offsetting the concern of ZIKV vaccines inducing cross-reactive antibodies and sensitizing people to subsequent DENV infection. Thus, our zDIII-based vaccine offers improved safety and lower cost production than other current alternatives, with equivalent effectiveness.
Neuroimaging biomarkers to associate obesity and negative emotions
Authors: Park Bo-yong , Hong Jisu , Park Hyunjin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObesity is a serious medical condition highly associated with health problems such as diabetes, hypertension, and stroke. Obesity is highly associated with negative emotional states, but the relationship between obesity and emotional states in terms of neuroimaging has not been fully explored. We obtained 196 emotion task functional magnetic resonance imaging (t-fMRI) from the Human Connectome Project database using a sampling scheme similar to a bootstrapping approach. Brain regions were specified by automated anatomical labeling atlas and the brain activity (z-statistics) of each brain region was correlated with body mass index (BMI) values. Regions with significant correlation were identified and the brain activity of the identified regions was correlated with emotion-related clinical scores. Hippocampus, amygdala, and inferior temporal gyrus consistently showed significant correlation between brain activity and BMI and only the brain activity in amygdala consistently showed significant negative correlation with fear-affect score. The brain activity in amygdala derived from t-fMRI might be good neuroimaging biomarker for explaining the relationship between obesity and a negative emotional state.
Fusión radiocubital en paciente con osteocondromatosis múltiple hereditaria
Authors: Aedo-Martín Daniel , Alvarez Sergio , Vara-Patudo Isabel , Alonso-Hernández Javier 
Published: August 2017

ResumenLas deformidades del antebrazo y el acortamiento del cúbito ocurren en un 30 a 70% de los pacientes con osteocondromatosis múltiple hereditaria (OMH), produciendo deformidades angulares y pérdida de la movilidad. Los tratamientos en los pacientes pediátricos con OMH que afecta al antebrazo varían desde la simple observación a la resección de la exostosis asociada o no a osteotomías y/o alargamientos. En los pacientes sintomáticos con deformidades severas, afectación de la articulación radiocubital proximal o distal y pérdida de la prono-supinación, la fusión radiocubital es una alternativa de tratamiento con resultados satisfactorios. Se presenta un paciente con osteocondromatosis múltiple hereditaria y una deformidad severa del antebrazo en la que se realizó una fusión radiocubital distal, obteniéndose unos resultados clínicos y radiológicos excelentes. La reconstrucción en un antebrazo de un solo hueso permite restaurar el eje del antebrazo, mantiene el potencial de crecimiento en el radio distal y proporciona un codo estable mediante una sola cirugía.
Anatomical Study of the First Dorsal Interosseous Tendon for its Use as a Plasty of the Radial Collateral Ligament of the Index Metacarpophalangeal Joint
Authors: Ferreres Angel , Del Valle Montse , Rodríguez Alfonso 
Published: August 2017

Purpose The authors present an anatomical study to justify the use of the distal portion of the tendon of the first dorsal interosseous muscle (FDIM) for the repair of the chronic rupture of the radial collateral ligament (RCL) of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the index finger.
Methods Ten hands of cryopreserved specimens were used and thawed at room temperature for dissection with optical magnification. Five were hands of women, and their ages ranged from 46–96 years (mean: 72.8), and 8 corresponded to the right hand.
Results The length of the tendon of the FDIM ranged from 20 to 40 mm (mean: 25 mm). The length of the RCL ranged from 14 to 24 mm (mean: 18.2 mm). The difference between both structures of the same specimen averaged 6.8 mm (2–16 mm). Therefore, the dorsal portion of the tendon of the FIDM is always at least 2 mm longer than the length of the RCL.
Conclusions In conclusion, this is a simple technique that allows the surgeon to perform a plasty of the RCL without sacrificing another tendon in the absence of the palmaris longus, which is more commonly used for this purpose. The maintenance of its distal insertion may also help in the revascularization of the repaired area.
Doble fijación para la rotura de bíceps distal: Descripción de la técnica y evaluación de resultados
Authors: Capomassi Miguel , Vélez Manuel , Gardenal R 
Published: August 2017

Introducción La ruptura del bíceps distal es una lesión infrecuente producida por la aplicación de una carga excéntrica sobre el codo flexionado. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar nuestros resultados para la reinserción del bíceps distal mediante la técnica de doble fijación con botón de anclaje cortical y tornillo interferencial de biotenodesis a través de una incisión anterior única, con una casuística mayor a la presentada con anterioridad.
Material y Método Entre agosto de 2008 y agosto de 2015, se intervino 24 casos de rotura del bíceps distal tratados quirúrgicamente por vía anterior limitada. Los 22 últimos casos consecutivos fueron tratados con doble fijación utilizando botón extracortical y tornillo de biotenodesis, y son el grupo de estudio de este artículo. Todos eran hombres, con una mediana de edad de 39,5 años (rango 22–59). Los pacientes fueron evaluados con el Cuestionario DASH y la valoración Subjetiva/Objetiva de Andrews y Carson, la fuerza de flexión y supinación se controló con la escala del British Medical Research Council modificada por Mackinnon y Dellon (M0-M5).
Resultados El valor promedio del cuestionario DASH fue de 1,7 (0 - 31,6) y el de Andrews y Carson, de 197,5 (135–200), con 20 resultados excelentes, 1 bueno y 1 regular. Todos consiguieron una fuerza M5 para la flexión y la supinación de antebrazo. El tiempo promedio de seguimiento fue de 17,5 meses (10–38). En tres pacientes se registraron complicaciones, todos con una recuperación total.
Conclusión La técnica descrita demostró ser segura y eficaz, con resultados satisfactorios y baja tasa de complicaciones.
Nivel de Evidencia: IV. Serie de Casos.
Dominancia Vascular en la Mano: Estudio Dinámico de Flujos
Authors: Torres Fuentes Carlos , Sastre Zuluaga Ana 
Published: August 2017

Introducción Mediante estudios anatómicos estáticos, se ha establecido durante años, que la arteria cubital es dominante para la irrigación de la mano en un 80% de los casos. Sin embargo, estudios anatómico-radiológicos más recientes, sobre muestras poblacionales limitadas (n = 27), ponen en duda la dominancia arterial cubital única de la mano. Por otro lado, el comportamiento funcional adaptativo, tanto de la arteria radial como de la cubital, cuando la otra arteria es obstruida, todavía no ha sido estudiado. Los objetivos del presente trabajo son: (1) Determinar si existe una dominancia arterial en la mano y (2), estudiar las variaciones del flujo que experimentan tanto la arteria radial como la cubital de voluntarios sanos, cuando la otra arteria se obstruye durante la realización de la prueba de Allen.
Material y Método Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal, sobre 200 manos de 100 voluntarios sanos. Se recogieron los datos de sexo y lateralidad. Se utilizó un ecógrafo doppler color para determinar, antes y durante la realización de un test de Allen, el diámetro transversal, el área de sección, la tasa y la velocidad de flujo, tanto de la arteria radial como de la arteria cubital. Los datos recogidos se compararon con una prueba de la suma de rangos de Wilcoxon y se realizó un análisis de correlación mediante la prueba P de Pearson entre las diferentes variables.
Resultados No se observaron diferencias significativas entre los diferentes parámetros estudiados comparándolos según la lateralidad y el género de los voluntarios evaluados. Se evidenció una diferencia estadísticamente significativa para la tasa de flujo, área de sección y diámetro transversal entre la arteria radial y cubital, tanto en reposo como durante la prueba de Allen, siendo mayor los parámetros para la arteria radial. Durante la realización de la prueba de Allen, se obtuvo una correlación positiva directa entre el incremento en el diámetro, tanto de la arteria radial como de la cubital, y de sus velocidades de flujo; se observó, un aumento en el área de sección y en la tasa de flujo de ambas al ocluir la otra.
Conclusiones Ha quedado evidenciado, por medio de este estudio dinámico de flujo, una dominancia de la arteria radial para la irrigación de la mano. También ha podido demostrarse que existen cambios adaptativos, anatómicos y funcionales, en la arteria cubital y radial, cuando hay ausencia de la otra.
Advanced MRI Techniques for Muscle Imaging
Authors: Leung Doris , Sneag Darryl , Grande Filippo , Carrino John , Kalia Vivek 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAdvanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques can evaluate a wide array of muscle pathologies including acute or chronic muscle injury, musculotendinous response to injury, intramuscular collections and soft tissue masses, and others. In recent years, MRI has played a more important role in muscle disease diagnosis and monitoring. MRI provides excellent spatial and contrast resolution and helps direct optimal sites for muscle biopsy. Whole-body MRI now helps identify signature patterns of muscular involvement in large anatomical regions with relative ease. Quantitative MRI has advanced the evaluation and disease tracking of muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration in entities such as muscular dystrophies. Multivoxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) now allows a more thorough, complete evaluation of a muscle of interest without the inherent sampling bias of single-voxel MRS or biopsy. Diffusion MRI allows quantification of muscle inflammation and capillary perfusion as well as muscle fiber tracking.
Reconstruction of Hind and Mid-Foot Defects after Melanoma Resection Using the Reverse Sural Flap: A Case Series
Authors: Larrañaga Juan , Picco Pedro , Yanzon Alejandro , Figari Marcelo 
Published: August 2017

Background Melanoma resection creates important soft tissues defects, which are difficult to manage when located on the weight-bearing heel and mid foot. There is little evidence on the use of the reverse-flow sural flap for this type of reconstruction.
Objective This study reports our case series on the reconstructive management of the hind and mid-foot defects after melanoma resection using the reverse sural artery flap.
Materials and Methods This is a retrospective study of four consecutive patients treated with resection of melanoma of the feet and reconstruction with reverse sural artery flap from 2006 to 2009.
Results The mean age of the patients was 54 years, three were females, and one was male. Three of the defects were located on the weight-bearing heel, the other on the mid-foot dorsum. The melanomas were fully resected with wide margins. Three patients were reconstructed primarily, whereas one patient was reconstructed 4 weeks after the resective surgery. This series revealed 100% flap survival and there was no partial necrosis. Major complications were not observed. The four patients completely recovered the function of the affected limb.
Conclusion The reverse sural flap is a viable option for the reconstruction of foot defects after melanoma resection.
Lokal ablative Therapie bei Lebertumoren
Authors: Fischbach Frank , Ricke Jens , Fischbach Katharina 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungIn den letzten Jahren stehen bei Patienten mit Lebertumoren interdisziplinäre Therapieansätze mit Betonung minimalinvasiver Verfahren zur Reduktion der Tumorlast zunehmend im Fokus. Lokal ablative Verfahren zur Behandlung des HCC und von Lebermetastasen kolorektaler Tumoren sind bereits in Behandlungsempfehlungen und Leitlinien integriert. Der folgende Beitrag stellt die häufigsten Verfahren vor und beschreibt ihre Relevanz für den klinischen Alltag.
Dosis und Dosisreduktion in der Computertomografie
Authors: Lell Michael , Wucherer Michael , Kachelrieß Marc 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungDie CT wird in der diagnostischen Radiologie immer häufiger eingesetzt. Neue Untersuchungsindikationen, z. B. die Koronar-CTA, die CT-Kolonografie oder diverse CT-Perfusionsuntersuchungen, sind im klinischen Alltag angekommen. Dies erfordert die im Folgenden vorgestellten Verfahren, um die Strahlenexposition zu reduzieren, ohne die sehr kurze Untersuchungszeit bei hoher (isotroper) Auflösung zu beschneiden.
Diagnostik und Staging gynäkologischer Tumoren mittels MRT
Authors: Alt Céline , Kubik-Huch Rahel 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungDie MRT ist die Schnittbildgebung der Wahl, um gynäkologische Tumoren darzustellen. In welchen Fällen sie wie und mit welchen Sequenzen eingesetzt werden kann und was bei den einzelnen Entitäten zu berücksichtigen ist, wird im folgenden Beitrag dargestellt.
Erfahrungen und unterstützende Hinweise zur Anwendung von Nintedanib bei Patienten mit idiopathischer Lungenfibrose
Authors: Behr J. , Günther A. , Kreuter M. , Koschel D. , Prasse A. , Pfeifer M. , Costabel U. 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungIm Oktober 2016 fand in Frankfurt auf Einladung von Boehringer Ingelheim ein Treffen deutscher IPF-Experten mit der Zielsetzung statt, praxisrelevante Aspekte der Behandlung der idiopathischen Lungenfibrose (IPF) mit Nintedanib zu erörtern und unterstützende Hilfestellungen für den klinischen Behandlungsalltag zu formulieren. Die resultierenden Hinweise dieses Dokumentes beschränken sich auf praktische Fragen und Erfahrungen zur Anwendung von Nintedanib bei IPF. Die Wahl des Medikaments bei Vorliegen verschiedener Therapieoptionen wurde hier nicht diskutiert. Hierzu verweisen die teilnehmenden Experten auf die aktuellen Leitlinien zur Diagnose und Therapie der IPF.Die Teilnehmer diskutierten anhand von 10 Themenbereichen ein umfassendes Spektrum klinischer Fragestellungen einer IPF-Behandlung mit Nintedanib. Hierzu zählten u. a. patientenbezogene Aspekte bei Therapiebeginn, die Behandlung antikoagulierter IPF-Patienten und der Umgang mit unerwünschten Arzneimittelwirkungen unter Nintedanib (z. B. gastrointestinale Nebenwirkungen, Leberenzymerhöhungen). Weiterhin erörterten die Experten Therapiemaßnahmen unter fortschreitender Krankheitsprogression des IPF-Patienten, klinische Umstände, die einen Therapieabbruch mit Nintedanib rechtfertigen, sowie therapeutische Handlungsoptionen bei akuter Exazerbation oder schwerer Infektion. Abschließend diskutierten die Teilnehmer die Vorgehensweise vor/nach elektiven Eingriffen (z. B. Lungentransplantation) unter Therapie mit Nintedanib und die gegenwärtige Evidenz für den Einsatz einer antifibrotischen Kombinationstherapie bei IPF-Patienten.In die zu jedem Themenbereich formulierten Hinweise einer IPF-Therapie mit Nintedanib ist die publizierte Evidenz aus klinischen Studien eingeflossen. Bei unzureichender oder fehlender Datenlage haben die Experten auf Grundlage eigener klinischer Erfahrungen und Einschätzungen Empfehlungen formuliert.