bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hair Diameter Variation in Different Vertical Regions of the Occipital Safe Donor Area
Authors: Yun Seon Sik , Park Jae Hyun , Na Young Cheon 
Published: July 2017

Background Little is known concerning hair diameter variation within the safe donor area for hair transplantation surgery. Thicker or thinner hair may be needed, depending on the recipient area, hairline design, and the purpose of surgery.
Methods Twenty-seven patients (7 men and 20 women; mean age, 28 years; range, 20–47 years) were included in this study. The midoccipital point was used as the reference point on the horizontal plane at the upper border of the helical rim. The target area width was 15 cm (7.5 cm to the right and left of the reference point) and the height was 8 cm (2 cm above and 6 cm below the reference point). The study area was divided horizontally into 3 5-cm sections (A, B, C) and vertically into 4 2-cm sections (1–4), creating a total of 12 zones. Ten anagen hairs were randomly obtained from each zone and their diameters were measured.
Results Hair diameter in the 4 vertical sections varied significantly, gradually decreasing from sections 1 (superior) to 4 (inferior) in all 3 horizontal sections (A, B, and C).
Conclusions Our results suggest that sections 1 and 2 of the occipital safe donor area would be useful for obtaining thicker hair, such as in procedures to treat male- and female-pattern hair loss, whereas hair from zones 3 and 4 could be useful for transplantation surgery requiring thinner hair, such as eyebrows, eyelashes, and female hairline correction. Our results may be clinically valuable for planning hair transplant surgery and choosing the optimal donor region.
« La grande blessure »
Authors: Henzi Sarah 
Published: July 2017

À l’heure où la littérature sur les pensionnats et la réconciliation est immense, cet article porte sur certaines interventions littéraires et cinématographiques autochtones issues du Québec. À travers une discussion sur les oeuvres d’An Antane Kapesh (Je suis une maudite sauvagesse, 1976, etQu’as-tu fait de mon pays ?1979), les courts métragesL’amendementde Kevin Papatie (2007) etLa mallette noire(2014) de Caroline Monnet et la poésie de Natasha Kanapé Fontaine, cet article analyse la représentation des conflits, physiques et émotionnels au sein du projet artistique, comme étant une « action esthétique » (Robinson et Martin) : il s’agit d’interventions visant à offrir des formes alternatives d’action politique, de transformation sociale et de guérison.
The ability of Reciproc instruments to reach full working length without glide path preparation: a clinical retrospective study
Authors: Bartols Andreas , Robra Bernt-Peter , Walther Winfried 
Published: July 2017

Background
Reciproc instruments are the only contemporary root canal instruments where glide path preparation is no longer strictly demanded by the manufacturer. As the complete preparation of root canals is associated with success in endodontic treatment we wanted to assess the ability and find predictors for Reciproc instruments to reach full working length (RFWL) in root canals of maxillary molars in primary root canal treatment (1°RCTx) and retreatment (2°RCTx) cases.

Methods
This retrospective study evaluated 255 endodontic treatment cases of maxillary molars. 180 were 1°RCTx and 75 2°RCTx. All root canals were prepared with Reciproc instruments. The groups were compared and in a binary logistic regression model predictors for RFWL were evaluated.

Results
A total of 926 root canals were treated with Reciproc without glide path preparation. This was possible in 885 canals (95.6%). In 1°RCTx cases 625 of 649 (96.3%) canals were RFWL and in 2°RCTx cases 260 of 277 (93.9%). In second and third mesiobuccal canals (MB2/3) 90 out of 101 (89.1%) were RFWL with Reciproc in 1°RCTx and in the 2°RCTx treatment group 49 out of 51 cases (96.1%). In mesio-buccal (MB1) canals “2°RCTx” was identified as negative predictor for RFWL (OR 0.24 (CI [0.08–0.77])). In MB2/3 canals full working length was reached less often (OR 0.04 (CI [0.01–0.31])) if the tooth was constricted and more often if MB2/3 and MB1 canals were convergent (OR 4.60 (CI [1.07–19.61])).

Discussion
Using Reciproc instruments, the vast majority of root canals in primary treatment and retreatment cases can be prepared without glide path preparation.
Model Optimisasi Robust untuk Mengatasi Ketidaktentuan Estimasi Durasi Operasi pada Masalah Penjadwalan Ruang Operasi Rumah Sakit
Authors: Chaerani Diah , Royana Ija , Hertini Elis 
Published: July 2017

Masalah penjadwalan ruang operasi di rumah sakit merupakan masalah keragaman durasi operasi yang memerlukan penjadwalan untuk mengurangi tingkat kesibukan ruang operasi. Masalah yang harus diselesaikan dalam penjadwalan ruang operasi adalah bagaimana menempatkan pasien ke dalam blok ruang operasi yang tersedia secara optimal untuk meminimumkan waktu tunggu pasien. Masalah ini dapat disajikan dalam sebagai masalah optimisasi dalam formulasi mixed integer linear programming (MILP). Pada prakteknya sering terjadi ketidaktentuan estimasi durasi operasi yang dapat mengakibatkan jadwal operasi tidak berjalan sesuai perencanaan awal, sehingga pasien tidak dapat dioperasi sesuai dengan waktu yang telah ditentukan. Dalam makalah ini dikaji pemodelan masalah optimisasi tak tentu dengan menggunakan teknik pemodelan Optimisasi Robust (OR) dalam hal mengatasi ketidaktentuan estimasi durasi operasi pada masalah penjadwalan ruang operasi rumah sakit. Dalam metodologi OR diperkenalkan Robust Counterpart (RC), dimana tujuan utama yang ingin dicapai adalah menguji level robustness dengan cara menguji formulasi model robust counterpart yang dihasilkan apakah dapat direpresentasikan dalam jenis kelas masalah optimisasi yang dapat terjamin sebagai kelas masalah yang computationally tractable. Pemilihan jenis himpunan taktentu untuk merepresentasikan data taktentu yang terlibat dalam pemodelan sangat menentukan, untuk memastikan apakah formulasi robust counterpart yang diperoleh merupakan masalah yang computationally tractable atau tidak. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa model RC yang diperoleh termasuk dalam kelas masalah yang computatioonally tractability, dalam hal ini model tak tentu dapat direpresentasikan dalam formulasi model optimisasi dalam bentuk linear programming (untuk box uncertainty set) dan conic quadratic programming (untuk ellipsoidal uncertainty set).
A Materials Roadmap to Functional Neural Interface Design
Authors: Wellman Steven M. , Eles James R. , Ludwig Kip A. , Seymour John P. , Michelson Nicholas J. , McFadden William E. , Vazquez Alberto L. , Kozai Takashi D. Y. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAdvancements in neurotechnologies for electrophysiology, neurochemical sensing, neuromodulation, and optogenetics are revolutionizing scientific understanding of the brain while enabling treatments and preventative measures for a variety of neurological disorders. The grand challenge in neural interface engineering is to seamlessly integrate the interface between neurobiology and engineered technology to record from and modulate neurons over chronic timescales. However, the biological inflammatory response to implants, neural degeneration, and long‐term material stability diminishes the quality of the interface overtime. Recent advances in functional materials are aimed at engineering solutions for chronic neural interfaces, yet, the development and deployment of neural interfaces designed from novel materials have introduced new challenges that have been largely unaddressed. Many engineering efforts that solely focus on optimizing individual probe design parameters, such as softness or flexibility, downplay critical multidimensional interactions between different physical properties of the device that contribute to overall performance and biocompatibility. Moreover, the use of these new materials present substantial new difficulties that must be addressed before regulatory approval for use in human patients is achievable. In this review, the interdependence of different electrode components is highlighted to demonstrate the current material‐based challenges facing the field of neural interface engineering.
Selective Synthesis of Silacycles by Borane‐Catalyzed Domino Hydrosilylation of Proximal Unsaturated Bonds: Tunable Approach to 1,n‐Diols
Authors: Shin Kwangmin , Joung Seewon , Kim Youyoung , Chang Sukbok 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe tris(pentafluorophenyl)boron‐catalyzed domino hydrosilylation of substrates carrying unsaturated functionalities in a proximal arrangement is presented to produce silacycles. Excellent levels of efficiency and selectivity were achieved in the cyclization by the deliberate choice of the hydrosilane reagents. The key to successful cyclic hydrosilylation is the reactivity enhancement of the second intramolecular hydrosilylation by a proximity effect. Not only dienes but also enones, enynes, ynones and enimines readily afford medium‐sized silacycles under convenient and mild conditions. The cyclization proceeds with acceptable diastereoselectivity mainly controlled by the conformational bias towards inducing additional stereogenic centers. The silacycles obtained from this reaction were converted to 1,n‐diols or 1,n‐amino alcohols upon oxidation, thus rendering the present cyclization a powerful tool for accessing synthetically valuable building blocks.magnified image
Metallfreie Diborierung von Nitrilen durch Aktivierung eines elektronenreichen Diborans
Authors: Frick Markus , Kaifer Elisabeth , Himmel Hans‐Jörg 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDiborierungen von ungesättigten organischen Molekülen sind äußerst nützliche Reaktionen in der Synthesechemie. Hier berichten wir über die erste Diborierung eines Nitrils durch ein elektronenreiches Diboran, vermittelt durch ein elektrophiles Boran. Die Reaktion ist metallfrei und alle Reagenzien sind leicht verfügbar.
Congenital unilateral renal agenesis: Prevalence, prenatal diagnosis, associated anomalies. Data from two birth‐defect registries
Authors: Laurichesse Delmas Hélène , Kohler Monique , Doray Bérénice , Lémery Didier , Francannet Christine , Quistrebert Jocelyn , Marie Cécile , Perthus Isabelle 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundThe different mechanisms leading to a solitary kidney should be differentiated because the long‐term outcome might be different. The fetal period is the best moment to make a true diagnosis of congenital unilateral renal agenesis (URA). The objective was to determine the prevalence of URA at birth. The secondary objectives were to describe the evolution of sensitivity of prenatal diagnosis over time and the different forms of URA (isolated and associated with other malformations) detected up to 1 year.MethodsThe cases were retrospectively identified through two French population‐based birth defect registries (Auvergne and Bas‐Rhin) between 1995 and 2013. Stillbirths and fetuses up to 22 weeks of gestation and infants up to 1 year old with URA were included.ResultsA total of 177 cases of URA were registered. The prevalence at birth was 4.0/10,000. The overall prenatal prevalence was 3.6/10,000 (isolated URA: 2.8/10,000). URA were isolated (59.9%), associated with isolated contralateral congenital anomaly of kidney or urinary tract (CAKUT) (7.3%) and with other extra‐renal anomalies (32.8%). The total proportion of contralateral CAKUT was 15%. Only three cases presented an aneuploidy, prenatally detected and conducting to a termination of pregnancy. The sensitivity of prenatal diagnosis improved over time (from 54.2% in 1995 to 1997 to 95.8% in 2010 to 2013; p = 0.002).ConclusionOur study provides estimates of prevalence of URA at birth. A longitudinal cohort from the antenatal period to puberty should be performed to determine the prognosis of the contralateral kidney among these children with isolated, associated with contralateral CAKUT and URA with extra‐renal anomalies. Birth Defects Research 109:1204–1211, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Extended Catalytic Scope of a Well‐Known Enzyme: Asymmetric Reduction of Iminium Substrates by Glucose Dehydrogenase
Authors: Roth Sebastian , Präg Andreas , Wechsler Cindy , Marolt Marija , Ferlaino Sascha , Lüdeke Steffen , Sandon Nicolas , Wetzl Dennis , Iding Hans , Wirz Beat , Müller Michael 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNADP(H)‐dependent imine reductases (IREDs) are of interest in biocatalytic research due to their ability to generate chiral amines from imine/iminium substrates. In reaction protocols involving IREDs, glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) is generally used to regenerate the expensive cofactor NADPH by oxidation of d‐glucose to gluconolactone. We have characterized different IREDs with regard to reduction of a set of bicyclic iminium compounds and have utilized 1H NMR and GC analyses to determine degree of substrate conversion and product enantiomeric excess (ee). All IREDs reduced the tested iminium compounds to the corresponding chiral amines. Blank experiments without IREDs also showed substrate conversion, however, thus suggesting an iminium reductase activity of GDH. This unexpected observation was confirmed by additional experiments with GDHs of different origin. The reduction of C=N bonds with good levels of conversion (>50 %) and excellent enantioselectivity (up to >99 % ee) by GDH represents a promiscuous catalytic activity of this enzyme.
Fighting fungus with a laser and a hose: Management of a giant Candida albicans implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator lead vegetation with simultaneous AngioVac aspiration and laser sheath lead extraction
Authors: Jones Brandon M. , Wazni Oussama , Rehm Susan J. , Shishehbor Mehdi H. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractInfections involving internal cardiac devices can be very challenging to treat, and almost universally require complete device extraction for successful management. Of the pathogens that cause device‐related endocarditis, fungi such as Candida albicans are notoriously difficult to manage because of their propensity to produce large vegetations and the need for long‐term treatment with potentially toxic medications. Furthermore, individuals who develop fungal, device‐associated endocarditis are typically among the most complex patients, with significant comorbidities that place them at high risk for open heart procedures such as surgical device extraction. We present a case of one such patient in whom treatment of Candida albicans device‐related endocarditis was managed using AngioVac® aspiration of a large right atrial vegetation with simultaneous laser sheath extraction of the implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator lead.
Second generation drug‐eluting stents versus bare‐metal stents for percutaneous coronary intervention of the proximal left anterior descending artery: An analysis of the BASKET‐PROVE I and II trials
Authors: Mangione Fernanda Marinho , Biering‐Sørensen Tor , Nochioka Kotaro , Jatene Tannas , Silvestre Odilson Marcos , Hansen Kim Wadt , Sørensen Rikke , Jensen Jan Skov , Jorgensen Peter Godsk , Jeger Raban , Kaiser Christoph , Pfisterer Matthias , Galatius Søren 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo compare mid‐term outcomes between patients undergoing proximal left anterior descending artery (LAD) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with second generation drug‐eluting stent (DES) or bare‐metal stent (BMS).BackgroundPCI with BMS and first‐generation DES have shown to be safe options for the treatment of proximal LAD stenosis, however associated with considerable reintervention rates. Overall, second‐generation DES has proven to be superior to BMS and first‐generation DES, nevertheless, its effect for proximal LAD PCI has not previously been reported.MethodsWe analyzed 2‐year outcomes of 1,100 patients from the BASKET‐PROVE I and II trials, referred for proximal LAD PCI with second generation DES (n = 680) or BMS (n = 420).ResultsThe cumulative 2‐year incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE, composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI) and target vessel revascularization (TVR)) was lower in second generation DES than in BMS treated patients (7.3% vs. 12.3%; HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.39/0.85), mainly driven by a reduced rate of TVR (3.7% vs. 10.0%; HR 0.35, CI 0.21/0.58). No difference was found in cardiac death (1.9% vs. 1.9%; HR 1.01, CI 0.42/2.44) and MI (4.4% vs. 4.7%; HR 0.93, CI 0.53/1.64). The benefit of DES use seemed to be more prominent in female patients with a reduction in MACE (P for interaction = 0.025).ConclusionsIn patients with proximal LAD stenosis, treatment with second‐generation DES was associated with reduced 2‐year rates of adverse cardiac events and TVR compared to BMS, with reintervention rates similar to those earlier reported from bypass surgery.
Analysis of In Situ Microscopy Images of Flocculated Sediment Volumes
Authors: MacIver Michael R. , Pawlik Marek 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAn in situ microscopy method was employed to study the sediment volumes that result from batch settling of polymer‐flocculated kaolin suspensions. Statistical methods were applied including chord length distributions, perimeter‐based fractal dimension of the void areas, white area image ratio, and gray level co‐occurrence (GLCM) features. Several GLCM features have a good linear relationship with aggregation state, and the parameters of aggregate and void chord distributions can be interpreted to help explain the flocculation results. The methods applied here are suggested for the measurement of the aggregation state or relative aggregate volume on bench or industrial scale when the settled suspension interface is not available, such as in a continuous process or reaction.
Improvement of Bio‐crude Oil Yield and Phosphorus Content by Hydrothermal Liquefaction Using Microalgae
Authors: Yang Cheol-Min , Lee Choul-Gyun , Won Jong-In 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a thermal depolymerization process used to convert wet biomass such as microalgae into bio‐crude oil. Four main products, gas, bio‐crude oil, an aqueous phase, and solid residue, are generated through HTL. In this study, various HTL conditions were investigated to enhance the phosphorus content in the aqueous phase as well as the yield of bio‐crude oil. Tetraselmis sp. was used as the microalgae feedstock, and the product yields according to catalyst type were explored. The phosphate ion (PO43−) content in the aqueous phase was significantly enhanced when acetic acid was added because of the effect of pH. In addition, it was found that both the bio‐crude oil yield and the ammonium ion content could be increased by recycling the post‐HTL aqueous phase, while the phosphate content was not.
Dynamic Covalent Chemistry of Aldehyde Enamines: BiIII‐ and ScIII‐Catalysis of Amine–Enamine Exchange
Authors: Zhang Yang , Xie Sheng , Yan Mingdi , Ramström Olof 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe dynamic exchange of enamines from secondary amines and enolizable aldehydes has been demonstrated in organic solvents. The enamine exchange with amines was efficiently catalyzed by Bi(OTf)3 and Sc(OTf)3 (2 mol %) and the equilibria (60 mm) could be attained within hours at room temperature. The formed dynamic covalent systems displayed high stabilities in basic environment with <2 % by‐product formation within one week after complete equilibration. This study expands the scope of dynamic C−N bonds from imine chemistry to enamines, enabling further dynamic methodologies in exploration of this important class of structures in systems chemistry.
Tunable Biogenic Manganese Oxides
Authors: Simonov Alexandr N. , Hocking Rosalie K. , Tao Lizhi , Gengenbach Thomas , Williams Timothy , Fang Xi‐Ya , King Hannah J. , Bonke Shannon A. , Hoogeveen Dijon A. , Romano Christine A. , Tebo Bradley M. , Martin Lisandra L. , Casey William H. , Spiccia Leone 
Published: July 2017

AbstractInfluence of the conditions for aerobic oxidation of
catalysed by the MnxEFG protein complex on the morphology, structure and reactivity of the resulting biogenic manganese oxides (MnOx) is explored. Physical characterisation of MnOx includes scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron and K‐edge Mn, Fe X‐ray absorption spectroscopy. This characterisation reveals that the MnOx materials share the structural features of birnessite, yet differ in the degree of structural disorder. Importantly, these biogenic products exhibit strikingly different morphologies that can be easily controlled. Changing the substrate‐to‐protein ratio produces MnOx either as nm‐thin sheets, or rods with diameters below 20 nm, or a combination of the two. Mineralisation in solutions that contain
makes solids with significant disorder in the structure, while the presence of
facilitates formation of more ordered materials. The (photo)oxidation and (photo)electrocatalytic capacity of the MnOx minerals is examined and correlated with their structural properties.
Alkoxides of Trivacant Lacunary Polyoxometalates
Authors: Minato Takuo , Suzuki Kosuke , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Mizuno Noritaka 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLacunary polyoxometalates (POMs) are useful rigid multidentate inorganic ligands to construct multinuclear metal oxo clusters and inorganic‐organic hybrid materials. However, the use of multivacant lacunary POMs often suffers from their undesired condensation reactions at the highly reactive vacant sites. Herein, the introduction of alkoxy protecting groups into the vacant sites of lacunary POMs in organic media is reported for the first time. By reacting organic solvent‐soluble trivacant lacunary Keggin‐type POMs with methanol, six methoxy groups were successfully introduced into the vacant sites, resulting in the formation of the alkoxides TBA4[A‐α‐XW9O28(OCH3)6] (Ix‐OMe; X=Si, Ge). These methoxy groups could protect the reactive vacant sites and suppress the undesired dimerization reaction into the corresponding α‐Dawson‐type POMs. Since the introduced monodentate methoxy groups could easily be dissociated by hydrolysis, ISi‐OMe could be utilized as the precursor for the synthesis of metal‐substituted POMs. In addition, by using pentaerythritol as the multidentate alkoxy ligand, the monomeric alkoxide TBA4[A‐α‐SiW9O28{(OCH2)2C(CH2OH)2}3] (ISi‐PE) was successfully synthesized. In particular, these multidentate alkoxy groups showed high resistance against hydrolysis. Moreover, by reacting ISi‐PE with trivacant lacunary Keggin‐type POMs, the dimeric inorganic‐organic‐inorganic hybrid structures TBAnH8−n[(A‐α‐SiW9O28){(OCH2)2C(CH2O)2}3(A‐α‐XW9O28)] (IISiX‐PE; X=Si, Ge) with the same or different heteroatoms (Si and Ge) were successfully synthesized.