bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Unusual Movement Disorder—Case of Diabetic Striatopathy
Authors: Azmat Shazia , Lodhi Owais , Ashok Harish , Harb Hussein , Siddiqui Mahwash , Gilden Janice 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Nonketotic hyperglycemia chorea-ballismus (NKH-CB), a rare metabolic syndrome, arises as a secondary condition to hyperglycemia. It is marked by acute or subacute hemichorea-hemiballismus, hyperglycemic state, and unique reversible striatal abnormalities on neuroimaging. This case presents a 70-year-old Hispanic man with a significant medical history of cerebral vascular accidents, hypertension, bipolar disease, and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Notably, the patient was experiencing large-amplitude involuntary movements on his left side for the past 3 weeks. With resolution of hyperglycemia, the amplitude and frequency of the involuntary arm movements were absent. This case highlights the need for careful monitoring and tight control of blood glucose levels in patients with a history of diabetes, to prevent serious neurological complications such as NKH-CB syndrome. Prompt diagnosis through neurological evaluation, blood glucose level assessment, and neuroimaging techniques are critical in managing the symptoms effectively.
Tributyltin Enhances Macrophage Inflammation and Lipolysis, Contributing to Adipose Tissue Dysfunction
Authors: Chang Richard C , Whitlock Ryan Scott , Joloya Erika , To Kaitlin Thanh , Huang Yikai , Blumberg Bruce 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is a synthetic chemical widely used in industrial and commercial applications. TBT exposure has been proven to elicit obesogenic effects. Gestational exposure led to increased white adipose tissue depot size in exposed (F1, F2) animals and in unexposed generations (F3, F4), an example of transgenerational inheritance. TBT exerts these effects in part by increasing the number and size of white adipocytes, altering the fate of multipotent mesenchymal stromal stem cells to favor the adipocyte lineage, altering adipokine secretion, and modulating chromatin structure. Adipose tissue resident macrophages are critical regulators in adipose tissue; however, the effects of TBT on adipose tissue macrophages remained unclear. Here we investigated the effects of TBT on macrophages and consequent impacts on adipocyte function. TBT significantly enhanced palmitate-induced inflammatory gene expression in mouse bone marrow derived macrophages and this effect was attenuated by the antagonizing action of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma. TBT-treated macrophages decreased lipid accumulation in white adipocytes differentiated from mesenchymal stromal stem cells accompanied by increased expression of lipolysis genes. Lastly, ancestral TBT exposure increased Tnf expression in adipose tissue resident macrophages in both exposed (F2) and unexposed (F3) generations, suggesting that TBT exposure led to an inherited predisposition toward inflammatory adipose tissue macrophages that can manipulate adipose tissue function. These findings provide new insights into the interplay between adipocytes and adipose tissue macrophages in obesity, further establishing a role for obesogens such as TBT in the development of obesity-related metabolic disorders.
Defining Postinduction Hemodynamic Instability With an Automated Classification Model
Authors: Kho Eline , Immink Rogier V. , van der Ster Bjorn J.P. , van der Ven Ward H. , Schenk Jimmy , Hollmann Markus W. , Tol Johan T.M. , Terwindt Lotte E. , Vlaar Alexander P.J. , Veelo Denise P. 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
Postinduction hypotension (PIH) may be associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In earlier studies, the definition of PIH is solely based on different absolute or relative thresholds. However, the time-course (eg, how fast blood pressure drops during induction) is rarely incorporated, whereas it might represent the hemodynamic instability of a patient. We propose a comprehensive model to distinguish hemodynamically unstable from stable patients by combining blood pressure thresholds with the magnitude and speed of decline.

METHODS:
This prospective study included 375 adult elective noncardiac surgery patients. Noninvasive blood pressure was continuously measured between 5 minutes before up to 15 minutes after the first induction agent had been administered. An expert panel rated whether the patient experienced clinically relevant hemodynamic instability or not. Interrater correlation coefficient and intraclass correlation were computed to check for consistency between experts. Next, an automated classification model for clinically relevant hemodynamic instability was developed using mean, maximum, minimum systolic, mean, diastolic arterial blood pressure (SAP, MAP, and DAP, respectively) and their corresponding time course of decline. The model was trained and tested based on the hemodynamic instability labels provided by the experts.

RESULTS:
In total 78 patients were classified as having experienced hemodynamic instability and 279 as not. The hemodynamically unstable patients were significantly older (7 years, 95% confidence interval (CI), 4–11, P < .001), with a higher prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (3% higher, 95% CI, 1–8, P = .036). Before induction, hemodynamically unstable patients had a higher SAP (median (first–third quartile): 161 (145–175) mm Hg vs 150 (134–166) mm Hg, P < .001) compared to hemodynamic stable patients. Interrater agreement between experts was 0.92 (95% CI, 0.89–0.94). The random forest classifier model showed excellent performance with an area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) of 0.96, a sensitivity of 0.84, and specificity of 0.94.

CONCLUSIONS:
Based on the high sensitivity and specificity, the developed model is able to differentiate between clinically relevant hemodynamic instability and hemodynamic stable patients. This classification model will pave the way for future research concerning hemodynamic instability and its prevention.
Escaping from Casa Arana: The Murui-Muina Nation after the Amazon Rubber Boom
Authors: Aponte Oscar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Amazon rubber boom (1850–1930) devastated Indigenous nations that had remained for centuries at the borders of European empires and the nation-states that replaced them in South America. The arrival of the Peruvian rubber company Casa Arana to the Igaraparaná and Caraparaná Rivers in 1899 marked the conquest and colonization of the Murui-Muina nation and their ancestral lands. This essay examines the escape of Murui-Muina clans from Casa Arana and the ethnogenesis of a new kind of Murui-Muina society in the municipality of Leguízamo, in Colombian Amazonia, where they resettled. It argues that although the fleeing clans managed to escape from Casa Arana, the continued contact with rubber tappers, Capuchin missionaries, and Colombian government officials during their flight introduced fundamental changes to Murui-Muina life. However, once settled in Leguízamo, they were able to recreate Murui-Muina life and became the basis of the Indigenous communities that exist today in the municipality. The first two sections follow the fleeing clans along the Putumayo and Caquetá Rivers during the first three decades of the twentieth century; the following section considers their arrival to Leguízamo; and the final section analyzes the ethnogenesis of a new kind of Murui-Muina society in the municipality during the second half of the twentieth century.
From Sugar Bush to Treaty Councils: Ozhaawashkodewekwe’s Career in the Upper Great Lakes
Authors: Macgillivray Emily J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Anishinaabe women in the nineteenth-century upper Great Lakes inherited responsibilities through their doodem (clan), which included incorporating newcomers into their networks and caring for lands and waterways. Employing biography, this article focuses on Ozhaawashkodewekwe, a prominent Anishinaabe who attempted to transform the gender-specific resources of seasonal rounds into titled property at sugar camps and treaty councils. The various stages of Ozhaawashkodewekwe’s life illustrate how biography involves navigating between the micro scale (details about her life) and the macro scale (Anishinaabe political practices and governance, as well as American settler-colonial political practices and governance). Collectively, her life showcases how Anishinaabe women’s involvement in the fur trade exemplifies deliberate political engagement aimed at strengthening her family and communities in the face of Anglo-American expansion.
Making the most of bioimaging data through interdisciplinary interactions
Authors: Uhlmann Virginie , Hartley Matthew , Moore Josh , Weisbart Erin , Zaritsky Assaf 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
The increasing technical complexity of all aspects involving bioimages, ranging from their acquisition to their analysis, has led to a diversification in the expertise of scientists engaged at the different stages of the discovery process. Although this diversity of profiles comes with the major challenge of establishing fruitful interdisciplinary collaboration, such collaboration also offers a superb opportunity for scientific discovery. In this Perspective, we review the different actors within the bioimaging research universe and identify the primary obstacles that hinder their interactions. We advocate that data sharing, which lies at the heart of innovation, is finally within reach after decades of being viewed as next to impossible in bioimaging. Building on recent community efforts, we propose actions to consolidate the development of a truly interdisciplinary bioimaging culture based on open data exchange and highlight the promising outlook of bioimaging as an example of multidisciplinary scientific endeavour.
The dual Ras-association domains of Drosophila Canoe have differential roles in linking cell junctions to the cytoskeleton during morphogenesis
Authors: McParland Emily D. , Gurley Noah J. , Wolfsberg Leah R. , Butcher T. Amber , Bhattarai Abhi , Jensen Corbin C. , Johnson Ruth I. , Slep Kevin C. , Peifer Mark 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
During development cells must change shape and move without disrupting dynamic tissue architecture. This requires robust linkage of cell–cell adherens junctions to the force-generating actomyosin cytoskeleton. Drosophila Canoe and mammalian afadin play key roles in the regulation of such linkages. One central task for the field is defining mechanisms by which upstream inputs from Ras-family GTPases regulate Canoe and afadin. These proteins are unusual in sharing two tandem Ras-association (RA) domains – RA1 and RA2 – which when deleted virtually eliminate Canoe function. Work in vitro has suggested that RA1 and RA2 differ in GTPase affinity, but their individual functions in vivo remain unknown. Combining bioinformatic and biochemical approaches, we find that both RA1 and RA2 bind to active Rap1 with similar affinities, and that their conserved N-terminal extensions enhance binding. We created Drosophila canoe mutants to test RA1 and RA2 function in vivo. Despite their similar affinities for Rap1, RA1 and RA2 play strikingly different roles. Deleting RA1 virtually eliminates Canoe function, whereas mutants lacking RA2 are viable and fertile but have defects in junctional reinforcement in embryos and during pupal eye development. These data significantly expand our understanding of the regulation of adherens junction–cytoskeletal linkages.
Innovative use of depth data to estimate energy intake and expenditure in Adélie penguins
Authors: Dupuis Benjamin , Kato Akiko , Hicks Olivia , Wisniewska Danuta M. , Marciau Coline , Angelier Frederic , Ropert-Coudert Yan , Chimienti Marianna 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Energy governs species' life histories and pace of living, requiring individuals to make trade-offs. However, measuring energetic parameters in the wild is challenging, often resulting in data collected from heterogeneous sources. This complicates comprehensive analysis and hampers transferability within and across case studies. We present a novel framework, combining information obtained from eco-physiology and biologging techniques, to estimate both energy expenditure and intake in 48 Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) during the chick-rearing stage. We employed the machine learning algorithm random forest (RF) to predict accelerometry-derived metrics for feeding behaviour using depth data (our proxy for energy acquisition). We also built a time-activity model calibrated with doubly labelled water data to estimate energy expenditure. Using depth-derived time spent diving and amount of vertical movement in the sub-surface phase, we accurately predicted energy expenditure. Movement metrics derived from the RF algorithm deployed on depth data were able to accurately detect the same feeding behaviour predicted from accelerometry. The RF predicted accelerometry-estimated time spent feeding more accurately compared with historical proxies such as number of undulations or dive bottom duration. The proposed framework is accurate, reliable and simple to implement on data from biologging technology widely used on marine species. It enables coupling energy intake and expenditure, which is crucial to further assess individual trade-offs. Our work allows us to revisit historical data, to study how long-term environmental changes affect animal energetics.
Parasport medicine and its challenges
Authors: Zimniak Maria Weronika , Jakubczak Zofia , Głąbień Marta , Miłkowski Paweł , Kusiak Karolina , Aleksandrowicz Daria , Kuśnierz Anna , Wieczorek Olga , Kondratowicz Aneta , Śliwiak Patryk 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
The field of Paralympic medicine examines the healthcare issues that are specific to athletes with disabilities. This article presents a historical phenomenon in which the introduction of further activities for patients with neurological conditions led to the hosting of the Paralympic Games. The article describes the complexity of inclusivity in disability health research and outlines the historical context of the emergence of this field of sports medicine. It also presents the main challenges posed by the developing parasport. One of the most significant issues is to guarantee that competition is conducted with the greatest degree of equity possible. This entails ensuring the precision of classification, preventing the over-medicalisation of athletes. It is also imperative that athletes with special requirements are provided with the appropriate support and equipment. The creation of adequate care pathways requires a challenging process, largely due to the inconclusive nature of research findings over the years. Further investigation is necessary to gain a more nuanced understanding of this relatively new area of study.
Purpose of work: The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the broader challenges that paramedicine is facing in relation to the rapid development of this branch of sports medicine.
Materials and methods: This article is based on the literature found in Pubmed database and other scientific databases. References were researched using following keywords: paralympic games, persons with disabilities, paramedicine, para-athletes,
Conclusions: The advancement of Paralympic medicine is markedly expedited by a synthesis of qualitative and quantitative research methodologies. The integration of these two approaches yields invaluable insights into the personal perspectives of athletes on their health, while also facilitating statistically significant, evidence-based results on the analysis of large groups of athletes.
Plan Your System and Price for Free: Fast Algorithms for Multimodal Transit Operations
Authors: Banerjee Siddhartha , Hssaine Chamsi , Luo Qi , Samaranayake Samitha 
Published: October 2024

We study the problem of jointly pricing and designing a smart transit system, where a transit agency (the platform) controls a fleet of demand-responsive vehicles (cars) and a fixed line service (buses). The platform offers commuters a menu of options (modes) to travel between origin and destination (e.g., direct car trip, a bus ride, or a combination of the two), and commuters make a utility-maximizing choice within this menu, given the price of each mode. The goal of the platform is to determine an optimal set of modes to display to commuters, prices for these modes, and the design of the transit network in order to maximize the social welfare of the system. In this work, we tackle the commuter choice aspect of this problem, traditionally approached via computationally intensive bilevel programming techniques. In particular, we develop a framework that efficiently decouples the pricing and network design problem: Given an efficient (approximation) algorithm for centralized network design without prices, there exists an efficient (approximation) algorithm for decentralized network design with prices and commuter choice. We demonstrate the practicality of our framework via extensive numerical experiments on a real-world data set. We moreover explore the dependence of metrics such as welfare, revenue, and mode usage on (i) transfer costs and (ii) cost of contracting with on-demand service providers and exhibit the welfare gains of a fully integrated mobility system. Funding: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation [Awards CMMI-2308750, CNS-1952011, and CMMI-2144127]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2022.0452 .
Human keratin matrix in addition to standard of care accelerates healing of venous ulcers: a case series
Authors: Koullias George , Ramey-Ward Allison N 
Published: October 2024

Objective: Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) are often large and complicated wounds that, despite combinations of advanced wound care techniques and systemic treatment of underlying vascular issues, take many months to heal and have high rates of recurrence. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of a novel wound care solution—human keratin matrix (HKM). Method: A case series of VLUs were treated with HKM in conjunction with indicated vascular intervention and standard of care (SoC) procedures. For analysis, these wounds were divided into very large (>200 cm2) and smaller (<35 cm2) wounds. Results: The cohort comprised 16 VLUs (very large=7; smaller=9). Very large VLUs were reduced in size by an average of 71% within 10 weeks, and showed a 50% size reduction within four applications of HKM. Smaller VLUs reduced by 50% in size within the first three weeks of treatment, and 88.9% of these wounds healed completely with an average of 4.5 HKM applications over an average of 6.5 weeks. Conclusion: The results of this series highlight the potential of HKM, in combination with indicated systemic interventions and SoC, as an effective treatment for hard-to-heal (chronic) VLUs, even in very large wounds.
Research on center-assisted ring-core few-mode fiber with an eccentric circle for mode degeneracy separation in space division multiplexing
Authors: Ye Xiao , Ning Tigang , Pei Li , Shen Lei , Zheng Jingjing , Li Jing , Bai Bing , Wu Ge , Zhang Shuyuan 
Published: October 2024

An eccentric-circle-assisted ring-core fiber (ECRF) structure is proposed to effectively separate spatial-degenerated linear polarization (LP) modes while maintaining birefringence at the 10−6 level, which provides more degrees of freedom in the design of few-mode fiber employment in space division multiplexing (SDM) systems. Our simulation analysis demonstrates that the effective refractive index difference (Δneff) between the spatially degenerate modes in this fiber falls within the range of (2.44−6.42)×10−4 at 1530–1565 nm, given the refractive index difference level typical of conventional fiber core and cladding. In addition, the polarization separation level for each mode is on the order of 10−6 and below. The design requirements of significant separation of spatial degeneracy and basically no separation of polarization degeneracy are achieved. Based on the characteristics of spatially degenerate mode in this fiber, we extend the regulation law for spatially degenerate mode separation of the LP
m
n
mode groups in center-assisted ring-core fibers. In comparison to the existing center-assisted ring-core fiber structure, the ECRF can further reduce the fabrication difficulty and increase the feasibility of preparation.
Incidence rates of hepatocellular carcinoma based on risk stratification in steatotic liver disease for precision medicine: A real-world longitudinal nationwide study
Authors: Lai Rongtao , Barnett Scott , Zhang Xinrong , Kam Leslie Yeeman , Cheung Ramsey , Xie Qing , Nguyen Mindie H. 
Published: October 2024

Background
Detailed subgroup incidence rates for steatotic liver disease (SLD)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are critical to inform practice and public health interventions but remain sparse. We aimed to fill in this gap.

Methods and findings
In a retrospective cohort study of adults with SLD from the United States (US) Merative Marketscan Research Databases (1/2007 to 12/2021), we estimated HCC incidence stratified by sex, age, cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus (DM), and a combination of all these 4 factors. We excluded patients with significant alcohol use and chronic viral hepatitis.
We analyzed data from 741,816 patients with SLD (mean age 51.5 ± 12.8 years, 46% male, 14.7% cirrhosis). During a 2,410,166 person-years (PY) follow-up, 1,740 patients developed HCC. The overall HCC incidence yielded 0.72 per 1,000 PY (95% confidence interval [CI, 0.68, 0.75]). The incidence was higher in males (0.95, 95% CI [0.89, 1.01]) compared to females (0.52, 95% CI [0.48, 0.56]) (p < 0.001). For those with cirrhosis, the incidence was significantly higher at 4.29 (95% CI [4.06, 4.51]) compared to those without cirrhosis (0.14, 95% CI [0.13, 0.16]) (p < 0.001). Additionally, the incidence was higher in patients with DM (1.19, 95% CI [1.12, 1.26]) compared to those without DM (0.41, 95% CI [0.38, 0.44]) (p < 0.001). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was also associated with a higher HCC incidence of 2.20 (95% CI [2.00, 2.41]) compared to those without CKD (0.58, 95% CI [0.55, 0.62]) (p < 0.001). Similarly, individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) had a higher HCC incidence of 1.89 (95% CI [1.75, 2.03]) compared to those without CVD (0.51, 95% CI [0.48, 0.54]) (p < 0.001). Finally, the incidence of HCC was significantly higher in patients with non-liver cancer (3.90, 95% CI [3.67, 4.12]) compared to those without other cancers (0.29, 95% CI [0.26, 0.31]) (p < 0.001). On further stratification, HCC incidence incrementally rose by 10-year age intervals, male sex, cirrhosis, and DM, reaching 19.06 (95% CI [16.10, 22.01]) and 8.44 (95% CI [6.78, 10.10]) in males and females, respectively, but only 0.04 for non-diabetic, noncirrhotic aged <40 years patients in both sexes. The main limitation of this methodology is the potential misclassification of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes inherent in claims database studies.

Conclusions
This nationwide study provided robust granular estimates for SLD-related HCC incidence stratified by several key risk factors. In addition to cirrhosis, future surveillance strategies, prevention, public health initiatives, and future research models should also take into account the impact of sex, age, and DM.