bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Onyx Migration in the Endovascular Management of Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas
Authors: Wang H. , Lv X. , Jiang C. , Li Y. , Wu Z. , Xu K. 
Published: January 2017

Onyx migration in the endovascular treatment of dural arteriovenous fistulas (dural AVFs) is uncommon. We describe five cases of Onyx migration to the heart and draining vein and its avoidance. Between February 2007 and August 2008, Onyx migration was encountered in five patients with dural AVFs treated endovascularly at our institute. Procedures performed under general anesthesia consisted of two arterial approaches and three venous approaches. Two patients with dural AVFs involving the transverse-sigmoid sinus were treated by transarterial embolization using Onyx-18 via the occipital artery and the posterior branch of the middle meningeal artery, respectively. A piece of Onyx was found in the right ventricle on post-embolization chest X-ray film in both patients, one developed tricuspid valve dysfunction requiring thoracic surgery and one was asymptomatic. The other three patients were treated with a combination of Onyx (34 or 18) and coils transvenously with venous Onyx migration leading to draining vein occlusion, one with dural AVF involving the tentorium died from venous rupture, two patients with bilateral dural AVFs of the cavernous sinus (one with deterioration of ocular symptoms and one without symptoms). Postoperative digital subtraction angiography confirmed the elimination of dural AVF in one patient, and residual fistulae in three patients. The follow-up study ranging from two to nine months (average, 4.5 months). Three patients recovered to their full activities, while one had visual disturbance. Although Onyx has been considered a controllable embolic agent, its migration to other locations causing clinical deterioration can occur. This problem should be noted and prevented.
Ozone Nucleolysis for Management of Pain and Disability in Prolapsed Lumber Intervertebral Disc
Authors: Das G. , Ray S. , Ishwarari S. , Roy M. , Ghosh P. 
Published: January 2017

The prevalence rate of low back pain in a number of studies ranged from 22% to 65% in one year, and lifetime prevalence ranged from 11% to 84%. Over the years many percutaneous minimally invasive therapeutic modalities have evolved. Intradiscal oxygen-ozone therapy has also showed promising results. We undertook a prospective cohort study to evaluate the therapeutic outcome of oxygen-ozone therapy on patients with lumber disc herniation in the Indian population. After obtaining ethical committee and investigational review board permission, 53 consecutive patients complying with selection criteria were treated with a single session of oxygen-ozone therapy. All presented with clinical signs of lumber nerve root compression supported by CT and MRI findings. All patients received 3–7 ml of ozone-oxygen mixture at an ozone concentration of 29–32 mc/ml of oxygen. Therapeutic outcome was assessed after three weeks, three months, six months, one year and two years on a visual analog scale and Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire. Pain intensity was significantly reduced following treatment (VAS baseline 7.58 ± 0.86, after three weeks 2.75 ± 1.42 and after two years 2.64 ± 2.14). Similarly the Oswestry disability index showed a remarkable improvement in the functional status of the patients (p<0.05). No major complication was observed in this case series. Oxygen-ozone treatment is highly effective in relieving low back pain due to lumber disc herniation.
Endovascular Biopsy: Evaluating the Feasibility of Harvesting Endothelial Cells Using Detachable Coils
Authors: Cooke Daniel L. , Su Hua , Sun Zhengda , Guo Yi , Guo Diana , Saeed Maythem M. , Hetts Steven W. , Higashida Randall T. , Dowd Christopher F. , Young William L. , Halbach Van V. 
Published: January 2017

The absence of safe and reliable methods to harvest vascular tissue in situ limits the discovery of the underlying genetic and pathophysiological mechanisms of many vascular disorders such as aneurysms. We investigated the feasibility and comparable efficacy of endothelial cell collection using a spectrum of endovascular coils. Nine detachable coils ranging in k coefficient (0.15–0.24), diameter (4.0 mm–16.0 mm), and length (8.0 cm–47.0 cm) were tested in pigs. All coils were deployed and retrieved within the iliac artery of pigs (three coils/pig). Collected coils were evaluated under light microscopy. The total and endothelial cells collected by each coil were quantified. The nucleated cells were identified by Wright-Giemsa and DAPI stains. Endothelial and smooth muscle cells were identified by CD31 and α-smooth muscle actin antibody staining. Coils were deployed and retrieved without technical difficulty. Light microscopy demonstrated sheets of cellular material concentrated within the coil winds. All coils collected cellular material while five of nine (55.6%) coils retrieved endothelial cells. Coils collected mean endothelial cell counts of 89.0±101.6. Regression analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between increasing coil diameter and endothelial cell counts (R2 = 0.52, p = 0.029). Conventional detachable coils can be used to harvest endothelial cells. The number of endothelial cells collected by a coil positively correlated with its diameter. Given the widespread use of coils and their well-described safety profile their potential as an endovascular biopsy device would expand the availability of tissue for cellular and molecular analysis.
Feasibility Study of Perfusion Imaging Using Flat Detector CT with an Intra-Arterial Injection Protocol Compared to Conventional Multi-Slice Perfusion CT with an Intravenous Injection Protocol
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Wang Bin , Han Jingfeng , Zhang Zhiqiang , Sun Qi , Beilner Janina , Shen Chunsen , He Zijun , Dai Yiwu , Xu Ruxiang 
Published: January 2017

This study investigated the feasibility of using intra-arterial injection-based cerebral blood volume (CBV) imaging with flat detector computed tomography (CT, IAFD-CBV). It is proven that this new method could provide comparable physiologic information as standard intravenous injection-based multi-slice computed tomography CBV imaging (IVCT-CBV). Twelve patients were examined using both IAFD-CBV and IVCT-CBV. An experienced neuroradiologist read both sets of generated CBV maps. If a physiologic perfusion disorder was detected in standard IVCT-CBV, the focus was to check whether IAFD-CBV indicated the same disorder or not. Otherwise, if no disorder was detected, relative CBV (rCBV) values at different basal ganglia regions were measured for both CBV maps and then compared. For three patients with lesions, IAFD-CBV and IVCT-CBV showed similar perfusion disorders in the corresponding regions. For nine patients without lesions, both CBV maps showed good symmetry of contrast agent (CA) distribution for left/right hemisphere, the total average of rCBV was found to be 0.94 –/+0.18 and 1.01 –/+0.14 (1.0 for perfect symmetry) in IAFD-CBV and IVCT-CBV, respectively. However, compared to IVCT-CBV, IAFD-CBV imaging required 70% less contrast agent (CA). In general, a good correlation between IAFD-CBV and IVCT-CBV was found for all 12 patients. Minor deviations of IAFD-CBV were only detected at regions supplied by the middle cerebral artery. IAFD-CBV imaging, which can be directly performed in a catheterization laboratory, was proven to be technically feasible for real-time CBV assessment of the whole brain with good accuracy, and minimized CA usage.
Vertebral Artery Position in the Setting of Cervical Degenerative Disease: Implications for Selective Cervical Transforaminal Epidural Injections
Authors: Fitzgerald Ryan T , Bartynski Walter S , Collins Heather R 
Published: January 2017

Cervical transforaminal epidural injections (C-TfEI) are commonly performed in patients with cervical radiculopathy/pain. C-TfEIs are typically performed without incident but adverse events can occur. Using CT-fluoroscopy-guided C-TfEI, we commonly observe the vertebral artery in proximity to the target injection site. The purpose of this study was to assess the position of the vertebral artery relative to the typical C-TfEI injection point. CT-fluoroscopy-guided C-TfEIs were performed at 70 levels in 68 patients with radiculopathy/neck pain (age range 19–83 yrs, mean 50.6 yrs). Degenerative neural foraminal narrowing at each level was characterized (normal-to-mild, moderate, severe). Vertebral artery position was categorized as: anterior (normal), partially covering neural foramen, complete/near-complete covering the neural foramen. Additional measured variables included angle of needle trajectory, foraminal angle, and whether or not needle trajectory intersected with the vertebral artery. Foraminal vertebral artery covering correlated with severity of foraminal degenerative narrowing (p=0.003). Complete/near-complete covering was seen in: 65% severely narrowed foramina, 30% moderately narrowed foramina and 10% normal/mildly-narrowed foramina. Needle trajectory intersected with the vertebral artery in 30 of 70 injections (46%) by CT-fluoroscopy, frequently associated with shallow (lateral) approaches. Foraminal angle, approximating oblique fluoroscopic technique, suggests needle trajectory intersection with the vertebral artery in 27 of 70 foramina (39%). Vertebral artery position is commonly displaced into the foramen in patients with advanced cervical degenerative disease. Operator awareness of altered vertebral artery position is important for determination of optimal needle trajectory and tip placement prior to injection in patients undergoing C-TfEI.
Prevention of Complications during Endovascular Surgery on the External Carotid Arteries, with Special Reference to Use of Nitropaste and the Lidocaine Test
Authors: Kurata A. , Miyasaka Y. , Tanaka C. , Tokiwa K. , Saegusa H. , Fujii K. , Kan S. 
Published: January 2017

Purpose To examine all complications of endovascular procedures on the external carotid arteries and to ascertain how to reduce their number. Methods In 93 consecutive patients, 137 endovascular procedures on the external carotid arteries were performed during the last 6 years. Results We encountered no neurologic complications in these patients. In eight (9%) of the 93 patients who underwent lidocaine tests of the external carotid branches, nine transient cranial nerve palsies occured, seven of 67 vessels (10%) involving the middle meningeal artery and two of 18 vessels (11%) the ascending pharyngeal artery. However, they soon disappeared and successful embolisations were achieved. Vasospasm that prevented endovascular procedures occurred in only two cases of this series as a result of the application of isosorbide dinitrate. Conclusions The lidocaine test effectively provoked cranial nerve palsies without false negatives. The complication rate of endovascular surgery will decrease as long as awareness of complications such as cranial nerve palsy is maintained.
Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy with Carboplatin (CBDCA) and Vepesid (VP16) in Primary Malignant Brain Tumours
Authors: Clocchiatti L. , Cartei G. , Lavaroni A. , Vigevani E. , Fabris G. , Tommasini G. , Leonardi M. 
Published: January 2017

Twenty three patients (18 males) were followed from January 1993 to July 1996 for primary central nervous system malignancy: glioblastoma multiforme (GM) (15 patients), anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) (8 patients). Ninety one cycles (average 4 cycles per patient) of intraarterial chemotherapy (IACH) were administered. The IACH included: Carboplatin (CBP) 250 mg/m2 and Vepesid (VP16) 150 mg/m2 infusion; both drugs in normal saline, 100 ml and 250 ml, were infused over 15 and 30 min respectively. IACH was repeated every two weeks four or six times according to response to chemotherapy. IACH was preceded by i.v. methylprednisolone 40mg and pure anti-emetic (5HT3 serotonin uptake inhibitors) and subcutaneous daily doses of G-CSF following IACH to prevent neutropenia. The whole treatment required a 24h hospital admission. The IACH was well-tolerated and toxicity (Miller's grade, WHO) included: two cases of reversible pulmonary embolism (8.6%) three and ten days respectively after therapy (one patient had atrial fibrillation, two cases grade 2 vomiting, two grade 1 anaemia and three grade 3 thombocytopenia (13%). Response to therapy was evaluated in 21 out of 23 patients, two having not yet received at least four IACH cycles: 4 PRO (3 GM, 1 AA), 15 SD (10 GM, 5 AA) and 2 PR (AA). Seventeen patients responded to IACH (SD + RO) (74%), and the PRs belonged to the AA group. Survival duration was from 16 + to 108 weeks. IACH with CP and VP16 warrants further studies focussing on drug dose and schedule. A prospective randomized multicentric trial evaluating radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy plus/minus IACH is currently underway.
Predictibility of the Cervical Origin of the Anterior Spinal Artery
Authors: Mercier P. , Brassier G. , Fournier D. , Hentati N. , Pasco-Papon A. , Papon X. 
Published: January 2017

The anatomic study (under a surgical microscope) of 25 brains that had previously been injected with colored latex confirmed the fact that in the majority of cases, the anterior spinal artery results from the merging of two arterioles which both derive from two vertebral arteries. This bilateral nature is determined by the symmetric origin of the posterior inferior cerebellar arteries. When the conformation is asymmetrical, a single anterior spinal artery branches off from the vertebral artery that supplies the closest posterior inferior cerebellar artery.
The Natural History and Management of Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae
Authors: Davies M.A. , Saleh J. , ter Brugge K. , Willinsky R. , Wallace M.C. 
Published: January 2017

The recently proposed classification scheme of Borden, Wu, and Shucart (Borden*) should have the ability to identify those intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulae (ICDAVF) which will continue to behave in a benign fashion. We examine for the first time the natural history of benign ICDAVF, including the predictive ability of this grading scale, and the implications for lesion management. A cohort of 55 Borden* grade I lesions was selected from a heterogeneous series of 102 consecutive ICDAVF seen at one institution between 1984 and 1995. Data were collected prospectively from 1991. Grade I lesions were those whose nidus drained directly into a dural venous sinus (DVS) or meningeal vein. The absence of retrograde leptomeningeal venous drainage (RLVD) was an important feature. Intracranial haemorrhage (ICH), non haemorrhagic neurological deficit (NHND), and death were considered aggressive features. There were 23 cavernous sinus, 2 foramen magnum, 1 middle cranial fossa, and 29 transverse sinus lesions. One patient received obliterative surgical treatment. Thirty-two lesions were observed only, and 22 patients developed symptoms or signs requiring palliative embolisation. Two minor complications occurred following embolisation: transient pulmonary aedema (1), and an asymptomatic pericallosal artery embolus (1). Follow-up was available on 48 (89%) patients for a total of 133 patient years (mean 33 months). This included 26 of the 32 patients observed and all 22 of the patients embolised. Aggressive interval behavior was seen in only one patient. Symptom improvement or resolution was observed in the majority of patients, whether observed only [21/26 (81%)], or whether they required embolisation for symptom palliation [19/22 (86%)]. Overall, 53 of the 54 (98%) of ICDAVF behaved in a benign fashion in the follow-up period. The predictable benign natural history of patients identified as Borden* grade I at presentation mandates a conservative approach to these ICDAVF. In some patients, when symptom severity demands, palliative embolisation is an effective and safe therapy.
Giant Multilocular Fusiform Aneurysm of the Posterior Cerebral Artery
Authors: Kon H. , Ezura M. , Takahashi A. , Yoshimoto T. 
Published: January 2017

A 60-year-old woman presented with a giant posterior cerebral artery aneurysm. Her visual field examination revealed right upper quadrantanopia. Because of the difficulty of the neck clipping, we performed parent artery occlusion using the Guglielmi detachable coils following balloon Matas test monitored with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with 99mTc-d, l hexamethyl-propylene-amine oxime. Postoperative left internal angiography showed the left occipital region was supplied by a leptomenigeal collateral via left the middle cerebral artery. Six months after embolisation the aneurysm was completely thrombosed on MR imaging. Her visual field deficits had also improved six months after embolisation. A combination of the balloon Matas test with SPECT followed by parent artery occlusion is an excellent method to treat such giant aneurysms.
Bilateral Thalamic Infarcts Complicating Basilar Tip Aneurysm Coil Embolisation
Authors: Cloft H.J. , Kallmes D.F. , Lanzino G. , Jensen M.E. , Dion J.E. 
Published: January 2017

We report a case of bilateral thalamic infarcts with no apparent cause other than unilateral partial occlusion of the P1 segment of the posterior cerebral artery caused by Guglielmi detachable coils in a basilar tip aneurysm. This case demonstrates that bilateral thalamic infarctions can result from a unilateral posterior cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion, and does not necessarily imply bilateral posterior cerebral artery abnormality.
Design of an ultraviolet projection lens by using a global search algorithm and computer optimization
Authors: Zoric Nenad , Livshits Irina , Dilworth Don , Okishev Sergey 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This paper describes a method for designing an ultraviolet (UV) projection lens for microlithography. Our approach for meeting this objective is to use a starting design automatically obtained by the DSEARCH feature in the SYNOPSYS™ lens design program. We describe the steps for getting a desired starting point for the projection lens and discuss optimization problems unique to this system, where the two parts of the projection lens are designed independently.
Studies of Boil Treatment on Methanol Control and Pilot Factory Test of Jujube Brandy
Authors: Xia Yanan , Ma Yanli , Hou Lijuan , Wang Jie 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The development of jujube brandy is restricted severely by excessive methanol production. Three methods to reduce methanol production were compared: fermentation material, boil and storage container. Boil treatment showed the best result, reducing methanol from 1.77 to 0.21 g/L, which was chosen for further analysis for comparing aroma compounds. Boil treatment increased ester, acids, and hydrocarbons; decreased alcohols, aldoketones, and terpenoids. The largest changes were seen in esters, hydrocarbons, and terpenoids. A pilot test of Boil treatment was performed. Results from the pilot test were consistent with laboratory results, with a significant decrease in methanol from 7.69 to 0.54 g/L. During the pilot test, methanol levels were measured in each fermentation layer and no significant difference was seen. Methanol levels were also measured in different distillation times. The foreshot had the highest concentration of methanol and the feint had the lowest concentration of methanol. Therefore, boil treatment combined with appropriate distillation will effectively solve the problem of excessive methanol production.
Emerging applications of label-free optical biosensors
Authors: Zanchetta Giuliano , Lanfranco Roberta , Giavazzi Fabio , Bellini Tommaso , Buscaglia Marco 
Published: January 2017

AbstractInnovative technical solutions to realize optical biosensors with improved performance are continuously proposed. Progress in material fabrication enables developing novel substrates with enhanced optical responses. At the same time, the increased spectrum of available biomolecular tools, ranging from highly specific receptors to engineered bioconjugated polymers, facilitates the preparation of sensing surfaces with controlled functionality. What remains often unclear is to which extent this continuous innovation provides effective breakthroughs for specific applications. In this review, we address this challenging question for the class of label-free optical biosensors, which can provide a direct signal upon molecular binding without using secondary probes. Label-free biosensors have become a consolidated approach for the characterization and screening of molecular interactions in research laboratories. However, in the last decade, several examples of other applications with high potential impact have been proposed. We review the recent advances in label-free optical biosensing technology by focusing on the potential competitive advantage provided in selected emerging applications, grouped on the basis of the target type. In particular, direct and real-time detection allows the development of simpler, compact, and rapid analytical methods for different kinds of targets, from proteins to DNA and viruses. The lack of secondary interactions facilitates the binding of small-molecule targets and minimizes the perturbation in single-molecule detection. Moreover, the intrinsic versatility of label-free sensing makes it an ideal platform to be integrated with biomolecular machinery with innovative functionality, as in case of the molecular tools provided by DNA nanotechnology.
julius seizure, a Drosophila Mutant, Defines a Neuronal Population Underlying Epileptogenesis
Authors: Horne Meghan , Krebushevski Kaitlyn , Wells Amelia , Tunio Nahel , Jarvis Casey , Francisco Glen , Geiss Jane , Recknagel Andrew , Deitcher David L 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Epilepsy is a neural disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. Bang-sensitive Drosophila represent an important model for studying epilepsy and neuronal excitability. Previous work identified the bang-sensitive gene slamdance (sda) as an allele of the aminopeptidase N gene. Here we show through extensive genetic analysis, including recombination frequency, deficiency mapping, transposon insertion complementation testing, RNA interference (RNAi), and genetic rescue that the gene responsible for the seizure sensitivity is julius seizure (jus), formerly CG14509, which encodes a novel transmembrane domain protein. We also describe more severe genetic alleles of jus. RNAi-mediated knockdown of jus revealed that it is required only in neurons and not glia, and that partial bang-sensitivity is caused by knockdown in GABAergic or cholinergic but not glutamatergic neurons. RNAi knockdown of jus at the early pupal stages leads to strong seizures in adult animals, implicating that stage as critical for epileptogenesis. A C-terminal-tagged version of Jus was generated from a fosmid genomic clone. This fosmid fusion rescued the bang-sensitive phenotype and was expressed in the optic lobes and the subesophageal and thoracic abdominal ganglia. The protein was primarily localized in axons, especially in the neck connectives, extending into the thoracic abdominal ganglion.