bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deciphering the Complexities of COVID‐19‐Related Cardiac Complications: Enhancing Classification Accuracy With an Advanced Deep Learning Framework
Authors: Benameur Narjes , Sassi Ameni , Ouarda Wael , Mahmoudi Ramzi , Arous Younes , Mohammed Mazin Abed , Amar Chokri ben , Labidi Salam , Mahjoubi Halima 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe literature has widely described the interaction between cardiac complications and COVID‐19. However, the diagnosis of cardiac complications caused by COVID‐19 using Computed Tomography (CT) images remains a challenge due to the diverse clinical manifestations. To address this issue, this study proposes a novel configuration of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for detecting cardiac complications derived from COVID‐19 using CT images. The main contribution of this work lies in the use of CNN techniques in combination with Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM) for cardiac complication detection. To explore two‐class classification (COVID‐19 without cardiac complications vs. COVID‐19 with cardiac complications), 10 650 CT images were collected from COVID‐19 patients with and without myocardial infarction, myocarditis, and arrhythmia. The information was annotated by two radiology specialists. A total of 0.926 was found to be the accuracy, 0.84 was the recall, 0.82 was the precision, 0.82 was the F1‐score, and 0.830 was the g‐mean of the suggested model. These results show that the suggested approach can identify cardiac problems from COVID‐19 in CT scans. Patients with COVID‐19 may benefit from the proposed LSTM‐CNN architecture's enhanced ability to identify cardiac problems.
Differential effects of macrophage subtype‐specific cytokines on fibroblast proliferation and endothelial cell function in co‐culture system
Authors: Isali Ilaha , McClellan Phillip , Wong Thomas R. , Hijaz Sara , Fletcher David R. , Liu Guiming , Bonfield Tracey L. , Anderson James M. , Hijaz Adonis , Akkus Ozan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMacrophages are involved in several critical activities associated with tissue repair and regeneration. Current approaches in regenerative medicine are focusing on leveraging the innate immune response to accelerate tissue regeneration and improve long‐term healing outcomes. Of particular interest in this regard are the currently known, four main M2 macrophage subtypes: M2interleukin (IL)‐4,IL‐13, M2IC, M2IL‐10, M2non‐selective adenosine receptor agonists (NECA) (M2IL‐4,IL‐13 → M2NECA). In this study, rat bone marrow‐derived macrophages (M0) were polarized to each of the four subtypes M2IL‐4,IL‐13 → M2NECA and cultured for 72 h in vitro. Luminex assay results highlighted increased production of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases‐1 (TIMP‐1) for M2IL‐4,IL‐13, higher amounts of transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (TGF‐β1) for M2IL‐10, and elevated vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF‐A) from M2NECA. Co‐culture experiments performed with M2IL‐10 macrophages and L929 fibroblasts highlighted the increased production of soluble collagen within the media as well as higher amounts of collagen in the extracellular matrix. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were co‐cultured with M2NECA macrophages, which demonstrated an increase in intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM), as well as increased formation of endothelial tubes. The findings of this study emphasize a critical demand for further characterization and analyses of distinct M2 subtypes and careful selection of specific macrophage populations for regeneration of specific tissue types. The current, broad classification of “M2” may be sufficient in many general tissue engineering applications, but, as conditions are constantly in flux within the microenvironment in vivo, a higher degree of specificity and control over the initial M2 subtype could result in more consistent long‐term outcomes where macrophages are utilized as part of an overall regenerative strategy.
Polycaprolactone Hybrid Scaffold Loaded With N,O‐Carboxymethyl Chitosan/Aldehyde Hyaluronic Acid/Hydroxyapatite Hydrogel for Bone Regeneration
Authors: Vu Binh Thanh , Tran Thai Hoang , Ly Khanh Loan , Trinh Khanh Phan‐Ngoc , Nguyen My Ngoc‐Hoang , Doan Hoan Ngoc , Duong Thanh‐Tu , Hua Ha Thi‐Ngoc , Le Hung Thanh , Le Thanh Dinh , Dang Nhi Ngoc‐Thao , Nguyen Hiep Thi 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTHydrogels have emerged as potential materials for bone grafting, thanks to their biocompatibility, biodegradation, and flexibility in filling irregular bone defects. In this study, we fabricated a novel NAH hydrogel system, composed of N,O‐carboxymethyl chitosan (NOCC), aldehyde hyaluronic acid (AHA), and hydroxyapatite (HAp). To improve the mechanical strength of the fabricated hydrogel, a porous polycaprolactone (PCL) matrix was synthesized and used as a three‐dimensional (3D) support template for NAH hydrogel loading, forming a novel PCL/NAH hybrid scaffold. A mixture of monosodium glutamate (M) and sucrose (S) at varied weight ratios (5M:5S, 7M:3S, and 9M:1S) was used for the fabrication of 3D PCL matrices. The morphology, interconnectivity, and water resistance of the porous PCL scaffolds were investigated for optimal hydrogel loading efficiency. The results demonstrated that PCL scaffolds with porogen ratios of 7M:3S and 9M:1S possessed better interconnectivity than 5M:5S ratio. The compressive strength of the PCL/NAH hybrid scaffolds with 9M:1S (561.6 ± 6.1 kPa) and 7M:3S (623.8 ± 6.8 kPa) ratios are similar to cancellous bone and all hybrid scaffolds were biocompatible. Rabbit models with tibial defects were implanted with the PCL/NAH scaffolds to assess the wound healing capability. The results suggest that the PCL/NAH hybrid scaffolds, specifically those with porogen ratio of 7M:3S, exhibit promising bone healing effects.
The development of point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS): Worldwide contributions and publication trends
Authors: Yazici Mümin Murat , Yavaşi Özcan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposePoint‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) concept is widely used in both emergency medicine (EM) and intensive care medicine (ICM). This study aimed to analyze the scientific articles on POCUS published by statistical methods and to evaluate the subject holistically.MethodsThis study is bibliographical, descriptive, and analytical in nature. POCUS‐related publications published were downloaded from the Web of Science (WoS) database and analyzed using statistical methods. Network visualization maps were used to identify trending topics.ResultsThe literature search revealed 5714 publications on POCUS in the WoS database. According to the WoS categorization of publications, the most common categories were emergency medicine (1751; 30.6%). The topics studied in recent years were deep learning, artificial intelligence, COVID‐19, acute kidney injury, heart failure, and telemedicine.ConclusionThis study on POCUS, we summarized 5714 publications published. According to our results, the trending topics in POCUS research in recent years include deep learning, artificial intelligence, COVID‐19, acute kidney injury, heart failure and telemedicine. Our study can be a valuable resource for clinicians and scientists who are working on POCUS or will be working on POCUS in the future.
Organocatalytic[3 + 2]Cycloaddition: Synthesis of Quinazoline Containing Sulfonyl 1,2,3‐Triazoles as Potent EGFR Targeting Anti‐Breast Cancer Agents
Authors: Dodlapati Venkat Reddy , Ramya Sucharitha E. , Palabindela Rambabu , Kapavarapu Ravikumar , Kavela Sridhar , Narsimha Sirassu 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTA general strategy was developed for the synthesis of new fully decorated 1,2,3‐triazoles (4a–4m and 5a–5g) containing quinazolines from 1‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐2‐(quinazolin‐8‐ylsulfonyl) ethan‐1‐one and several azides using Ramachary organocatalytic azide‐ketone cycloaddition method. This reaction is reported for the synthesis of fully substituted sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazolyl quinazolins at a temperature of 100°C and the yields of the products produced are satisfactory to excellent. In vitro anticancer activity of all these derivatives demonstrated that six compounds, 4d, 4f, 4i, 4j, 5d, and 5e, were effective against two human breast cancer cell lines, MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231. Compounds 4f, 4j, and 5d had more action against both cell lines than Erlotinib. Later, the findings of inhibitory assays of potent compounds 4d, 4f, 4i, 4j, 5d, and 5e against the tyrosine kinase EGFR revealed that compound 5d proved more potent than the reference erlotinib, while 4f and 4j had comparable efficacy. In silico molecular docking studies were also performed on six strong medicines to identify interactions with the EGFR receptor, and the energy estimations were shown to be comparable with the observed IC50 values. Ultimately, using SWISS/ADME and pkCSM, the in silico pharmacokinetic profile of potent compounds 4d, 4f, 4i, 4j, 5d, and 5e was predicted. All of the compounds precisely followed the principles established by Lipinski, Veber, Egan, and Muegge.
Courier delivery of antiretroviral therapy: a cohort study of a South African private‐sector HIV programme
Authors: Ruffieux Yann , Folb Naomi , Grimsrud Anna , Hislop Michael , Dunn Liezl , Rohner Eliane , Namubiru Anne Maria , Chinogurei Chido , Cornell Morna , Davies Mary‐Ann , Egger Matthias , Maartens Gary , Haas Andreas D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionCourier delivery has become a popular antiretroviral therapy (ART) distribution method in some HIV care settings, yet data on ART courier delivery and how it relates to ART outcomes are scarce. We studied the differences in viral suppression rates between individuals from a South African private sector HIV programme receiving ART by courier delivery and those receiving ART through traditional retail dispensing.MethodsIndividuals aged 15 years or older who were actively enrolled in the Aid for AIDS programme between January 2011 and July 2022 were eligible for the analysis. The outcome of interest was viral suppression defined as a viral load (VL) <400 copies per ml. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (OR) for the association between the ART distribution method and viral suppression, comparing those receiving refills through courier pharmacies versus retail dispensing at the time of the VL testing. We used generalized estimating equations to account for repeated VL testing of the same individual. The models were adjusted for age, sex, calendar year, ART regimen, history of mental illness and medical insurance scheme. We computed adjusted ORs for the calendar periods 2011−2013, 2014−2016, 2017−2019, 2020−2022 and overall.ResultsWe extracted 442,619 VL measurements from 68,720 eligible individuals, 39,406 (57.3%) were women. The median number of VL measurements per individual was 6 (IQR 3−10). VL suppression was detected in 398,901 (90.1%) tests, and 185,701 (42.0%) of the tests were taken while the individual was receiving ART by courier delivery. Overall, courier delivery was associated with 5% higher odds of viral suppression than retail dispensing (adjusted OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02−1.08). The strength and direction of this association varied by calendar period, with an adjusted OR of 1.37 (95% CI 1.27−1.48) in 2011−2013 and 1.02 (95% CI 0.97−1.07) in 2020−2022.ConclusionsCourier delivery of ART is a viable alternative to retail dispensing in the South African private sector, as it was associated with higher viral suppression until 2016 and similar suppression rates in recent years. Further research is needed to investigate the potential benefits and drawbacks of courier delivery of ART in both private and public healthcare settings.
The Significance of the Morphological Appearance of Peritoneal Lesions on Imaging in Patients With Peritoneal Malignancies—A Report From Phase 1 of the PRECINCT Study
Authors: Bhatt Aditi , Rousset Pascal , Moran Brendan J. , Kazi Mufaddal , Baratti Dario , Souadka Amine , Deraco Marcello , Sammartino Paolo , Sardi Armando , Glehen Olivier ,   PRECINCT Study Group
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimThis is a report from Phase 1 of the prospective, observational, PRECINCT (Pattern of peritoneal dissemination and REsponse to systemic Chemotherapy IN Common and uncommon peritoneal Tumours) study, in which we studied the incidence of disease at pathological evaluation in different morphological appearances of peritoneal malignancies (PM) on imaging.MethodsRadiological findings were captured in a specific format that included a description of the morphological appearance of PM and a correlation performed with pathological findings.ResultsIn 630 patients enroled at seven centres (September 2022–December 2023), 24 morphological terms were used. Among prespecified terms (N = 8 used in 6350 [92.2%] regions), scalloping was pathologically positive in 93.5%, confluent disease in 78.8%, tumour nodules in 69.6%, thickening in 66.1%, infiltration in 56.3%. Among unspecified appearances (N = 16) for 540 (7.8%) regions, ‘enhancement’ was positive in 41.5%, micronodules in 65.3% and nodularity in 60.2%. Hierarchal clustering placed gastric cancer and rare tumours together and colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer and peritoneal mesothelioma in one cluster.ConclusionsThe incidence of disease at pathological evaluation for most morphological appearances was high (> 50%). Morphological description should be provided in routine radiology reports. A set of standardized terms with their description should be developed by a consensus among experienced radiologists.
Barriers to Offering Organ Preservation for Rectal Cancer in a Predominantly Hispanic Safety Net Hospital
Authors: Nasim Bilal W. , Murphy Samantha , Yracheta Jaclyn , Clark Austen Lee , Veluri Shriya L. , Katabathina Venkata , Parikh Alexander , Campi Haisar Dao , Feferman Yael , Russell Tara A. , Arora Sukeshi P. , Newman Neil , Logue Alicia J. , Court Colin M. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTotal neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) has shown promise in achieving pathologic complete response (pCR) and enabling organ preservation through watch‐and‐wait (WW) strategies. However, implementation of WW protocols in diverse patient populations and safety‐net hospitals faces unique challenges. The objective of this study is to evaluate TNT outcomes and identify barriers to WW implementation in a predominantly Hispanic safety‐net hospital in South Texas.MethodsA retrospective review was conducted of 40 LARC patients treated with TNT at an academic tertiary referral center in South Texas between 2018 and 2023. Patient demographics, disease characteristics, and pCR rates were analyzed. A survey of multidisciplinary providers assessed perceived institutional and patient‐related barriers to WW implementation.ResultsThe cohort was 70% Hispanic, with a median age of 54 years. Most patients had advanced disease at diagnosis (57.5% T4, 65% N2). The pCR rate was 18.5% (5/27) among patients undergoing surgery. Re‐review of MRIs for pCR patients revealed that 2/5 had minimal residual disease. The provider survey identified MRI quality variability, lack of dedicated treatment coordinators, and concerns about patient compliance and financial barriers as key obstacles to WW implementation.ConclusionsDespite advanced disease presentation in a predominantly Hispanic population, TNT achieved pCR rates comparable to international trials. Institutional and patient‐level barriers to WW were identified, informing the development of a tailored WW protocol for this unique patient population.
Decomposition of CH3NH2${\rm CH}_3{\rm NH}_2$: Implications for CHx/NHy${\rm CH}_{\rm {\it x}}/{\rm NH}_{\rm {\it y}}$ radical–radical reactions
Authors: Glarborg Peter , Alzueta Maria U. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractExperiments on methylamine () decomposition in shock tubes, flow reactors, and batch reactors have been re‐examined to improve the understanding of hydrocarbon/amine interactions and constrain rate constants for + reactions. In high‐temperature shock tube experiments, the rapid thermal dissociation of provides a fairly clean source of and radicals, allowing an assessment of reactions of with and NH. At the lower temperatures in batch and flow reactors, is mostly consumed by reaction with H to form + ; these results are useful in determining the fate of the radical. Interpretation of these data, along with flow reactor data for the /H system at lower temperature, indicates that at temperatures up to about 1400 K at atmospheric pressure and above 2000 K at 100 atm, the + reaction forms mainly methylamine. At sufficiently high temperature, H‐abstraction to form + NH and addition–elimination to form + H become competitive. The + NH reaction, with a rate constant close to collision frequency, forms + H, also leading into the hydrocarbon amine pool. Thus, methylamine can be expected to be an important intermediate in co‐combustion of natural gas and ammonia, and more work on the chemistry of is desirable.
Organic–Inorganic Fertilization Shifts Dissolved Organic Matter Chemodiversity in Runoff From Tropical Cropland: Roles of Soil Nutrient Stoichiometry
Authors: Wu Dongming , Wu Xiaoyan , Zhang Wen , Zhao Xiongwei , Leng Youfeng , Fang Changhua , Li Qinfen , Cai Huifeng , Chen Miao 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTDissolved organic matter (DOM) is a crucial quality indicator for water health. However, it remains unknown how organic–inorganic fertilization differently shifts the DOM chemodiversity in cropland‐impacted runoff, especially the roles of terrestrial nutrient stoichiometry. Here, a field experiment subjected to 7‐year history of four fertilization regimes, that is, unfertilized (CK), chemical fertilization (NPK), straw return (SR), and NPK + SR, was conducted to examine the quantity and chemodiversity of runoff DOM in tropical China. Moreover, the ecological relationships between runoff DOM properties and soil C:N:P stoichiometry were evaluated. Relative to the control treatment, the carbon content (DOC) of runoff DOM increased by 29.20% and 48.82% under SR and NPK + SR treatments, but remained unchanged in NPK treatment. Conversely, the DOM nitrogen content (TDN) only elevated in NPK treatment (262.58%). For DOM chemodiversity, SR treatment was rich in methyl carbon and protein‐like substances, but lacked fulvic‐/humic‐like compounds. NPK treatment increased the hydrophilic compounds like amino acids and polysaccharides, while reducing aromaticity. NPK + SR treatment enhanced DOM's aromaticity, molecular weight and humification due to the enrichment of quinone, ketone and fulvic‐like substances, possibly shaping an oligotrophic aquatic microbial community. Further study revealed that the occurrence of aromatic DOM was positively correlated with soil moisture content, TK (total potassium), total organic carbon and stoichiometric N:P ratio, indicating the contribution of terrestrial straw‐decomposed products. Inversely, the accumulation of hydrophilic substances (e.g., TDN) correlated positively with soil NO3‐N and C:P ratio, indicating the contribution of endogenous DOM.
Wideband circularly polarized patch array antenna with shared patches
Authors: Li Zhengting , Wu Yanjie , Ding Kang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a novel wideband circularly polarized (CP) array antenna is proposed. The array element is composed of four driven patches, four parasitic patches, and a loop feeding structure. On the basis of the array element structure, 1 × 2 and 2 × 2 arrays with shared patches are formed separately. Compared with the traditional structure, the volume of the 1 × 2 array antenna which only shares the patches in the x direction is reduced by 15%, and the volume of the 2 × 2 array antenna which shares the patches in the x and y directions is further reduced by 28%. The cleverness of this method is that it can keep the impedance bandwidth almost unchanged. To validate the simulated results, antenna prototypes are fabricated and measured. The results of the measurements demonstrate that the impedance bandwidths of the 1 × 2 and 2 × 2 array antennas are 27.2% (5.40–7.10 GHz) and 35.7% (5.22–7.49 GHz), respectively, and the 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidths are 22.7% (5.31–6.67 GHz) and 25.4% (5.47–7.06 GHz), respectively. In addition, the measured data show that the 1 × 2 array exhibits a peak gain of 11.1 dBic, and the 2 × 2 array achieves a peak gain of 12.6 dBic. Both of them achieve a flat gain with a maximum ripple of less than 1.3 dB over the whole operating band.
A low‐profile four‐degrees of freedom antenna by collocating a ±45°‐polarized dipole and a dual‐polarized microstrip antenna with broadside radiations
Authors: Wang Buyun , Chen Juan , Yan Sen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis letter proposes a novel four‐degrees of freedom (4‐DOFs) antenna for 5.8 GHz wireless local area network band communications. The proposed antenna realizes 4‐DOFs with a low profile (0.11λ), which is composed of ±45°‐polarized dipole (DP), an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) reflector, and a dual‐polarized slot‐loaded microstrip antenna (MA). The whole size of the proposed antenna is 83 mm × 83 mm × 5.9 mm (1.6λ × 1.6λ × 0.11λ). The DP is printed on the substrate with the wideband characteristic, and the MA operates at TM50 mode. The AMC reflector operating for the DP is designed for the low profile, causing the low isolations between the DP and the MA. The broadside radiation with 4‐DOFs is first reported. The envelope correlation coefficients are lower than 0.07, and the DOFs are 3.75. The measured results are in accord with the simulated results.
Clinical advantages of incorporating predicted weekly anatomy in IMPT optimization with reduced setup error
Authors: Zhang Ying , Chan Mark Ka Heng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn head and neck (H&N) cancer treatment, a conventional setup error (SE) of 3mm is often used in robust optimization (cRO3mm). However, cRO3mm may lead to excessive radiation doses to organs at risk (OARs) and does not purposefully compensate for interfractional anatomy variations.PurposeThis study introduces a method using predicted images from an anatomical model and a reduced 1mm SE uncertainty for robust optimization (aRO1mm), aiming to decrease the dose to OARs without affecting the coverage of the clinical target volume (CTV).MethodsThis retrospective study involved 10 nasopharynx radiotherapy patients. Validation CT scans (vCT) from treatment weeks 1 to 6 were analyzed. A predictive anatomical model, designed to capture the average anatomical changes over time, provided predicted CT images for weeks 1, 3, and 5. We compared three optimization scenarios: (1) aRO1mm, using three predicted images with 1mm setup shift and 3% range uncertainty, (2) cRO3mm, with a robust 3mm setup shift and 3% range uncertainty, and (3) cRO1mm, a robust 1mm setup shift and 3% range uncertainty. The accumulated dose to CTVs and serial organs was evaluated under these uncertainties, while parallel OARs were assessed using the accumulated nominal dose (without errors).ResultsThe accumulated volume receiving 94% of the prescribed dose (V94) for CTVs in cRO3mm exceeded 98%, meeting the clinical goal. For high‐risk CTV, the minimum V94 was 96.44% in aRO1mm and 94.05% in cRO1mm. For low‐risk CTV, these values were 97.68% in aRO1mm and 97.15% in cRO1mm. When comparing aRO1mm to cRO3mm on OARs, aRO1mm reduced normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) for grade 2 xerostomia and dysphagia by averages of 3.67% and 1.54%, respectively.ConclusionaRO1mm lowers the radiation dose to OARs compared to the traditional approach, while maintaining adequate dose coverage on the target area. This method offers an improved strategy for managing uncertainties in radiation therapy planning for H&N cancer, enhancing treatment effectiveness.