bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilience, pain and quality of life in people with physical disabilities: A systematic review
Authors: Aranguren P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionMore than a thousand million people live with a certain type of disability over the world (more than a 15% of the population worldwide). In Spain, 2.5 millions of people suffer from a physical disability. Disability can be understood as an interaction of the individual's health condition (disease, illness…) and his/her environmental and personal factors. Resilience could be included as a powerful personal factor, which would play a major role in the individual's quality of life. Resilience can be defined as a universal basic capacity to prevent, minimize or overcome life's adversities, even reaching a change in the life of the individual.AimTo determine the association among resilience, pain and quality of life in people with physical disabilities.Materials and methodsAn electronic search of several databases (Psycinfo, Medline, Pubmed…) was performed using the terms resilience, physical disability, and physical illness among others.Results– Pain and resilience show an important relationship. Factors as acceptance, pain beliefs and self-efficacy are directly related with a lower pain interference.– Resilience and quality of life show a strong positive relationship.ConclusionSeveral factors are related to resilience in people with physical disabilities. Resilience seems to be an important capacity that helps individual with physical disabilities overcome adversities. Further analyses are required.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Mental health care of the family – Reality and innovative projects in the Russian practice
Authors: Gutkevich E. , Lebedeva V. , Vladimirova S. , Semke A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPsychosocial functional deficiency of persons with mental disorders covers the most important kinds of activity: work, education, independent living, and interactions with people, family interactions. Important aspect of rehabilitation practice is work with the family, relatives, and the nearest environment of patients due to decrease in the field of marriage or stable cohabitation.ObjectiveTo determine adaptive-preventive potential of the family in the area of mental health.Material and methodsThe analysis of multilevel characteristics of adaptation of 414 adult persons (patients with mental disorders and members of their families) with use of system approach and the methodical complex (“The Passport of Health of the Family”) has been carried out.ResultsWe define the adaptive-preventive potential of the family of mental patient as biological (genetic) and social-psychological opportunities of family system of the individual to compensate the limits of ontogenetic (life) cycle of the family of several generations caused by the illness of the family member. Novelty of the “Clinical-psychological model of anti-relapse behaviour based on interaction of mental patients, their families, persons from the general population and experts in the field of mental health” project consists of scientific justification of development of multilevel (individual, family, society) model of anti-relapse behavior.ConclusionThis multidisciplinary project is aimed at the persons entering into risk groups for development of mental disorder (for example, persons with sub-syndrome symptoms or with biological, and psychological or social risk factors) and the persons entering into risk groups for relapse of the existing mental disorder.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The effects of support interventions on anxiety and depression in women with preterm labor during hospitalization
Authors: Kao M.H. , Chie-Pein Chen C.P. 
Published: June 2017

AimTo examine the effects of support interventions on anxiety, depression in women hospitalized with preterm labour at admission and 2 weeks.BackgroundHospitalized pregnant women with preterm labour have significantly higher anxiety and depression levels. Few studies have explored the effects of support interventions on anxiety, depression in such women.MethodsA randomized, single-blind experimental design was used. The control group (n = 103) and intervention group (n = 140) were recruited from the maternity wards of one medical centre in northern Taiwan between January 2013 and April 2015. The control group received routine nursing care. The experimental group received support interventions, which included an interview, distraction methods and assistance with daily living needs. Groups were evaluated with the Beck anxiety inventory, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and at admission and 2 weeks of hospitalization.ResultsThere were no significant differences between groups for demographics, obstetric characteristics, or birth outcomes. For the control group, anxiety and depression scores increased significantly decreased 2 weeks after hospitalization. The intervention group had a small, but significant, increase in anxiety and no significant change in depression at 2 weeks. Participants who received 2 weeks of support intervention had significantly lower anxiety and depression scores than the control group.ConclusionsProviding interventional support could reduce anxiety and depression for women with preterm labour during hospitalization.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Promotion mental health: Healthy habits program in patients with severe mental illness in the north Almeria mental health unit (Activarte)
Authors: Marin Olalla M. , Vidal Lopez A. , Perez Ramirez B. , Maldonado Lozano R. , loret Lopez A.L. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPromoting healthy lifestyles in patients with severe mental illness (balance diet, physical activity, smoking withdraw, adequate oral hygiene, optimal self-esteem and healthy sexuality) help patients to rely on their recovery.Aims– avoid social isolation and stigma.– encourage the recovery process, considering as well as the manage of symptoms together the functioning and quality of life of the patients.– improve the progress and illness prognosis.Methods– The program is introduced in the North Health Area of Almeria (Hospital Huercal–Overa) and FAISEM–Andalusia foundation to the social inclusion of mental illness patients;– patients included in the program has been previously assess and informed-therapeutical contract;– the program started in January 2013, with 10 sessions in the community, and groups sessions.Results– fifty patients included between a total of 300–initial target 16%;– the initial target considered was at least 60–75% of participation rate—being the result of 80–95%;– physical assessment detected 10% of metabolic syndrome being the patients referred to primary medical care to the adequate management.Program:– twenty group sessions scheduled being performed 19: 95%;– ten active sessions in community scheduled being performed 9: 90%–one sessions (beach trip) was cancelled due to budget problem;– patients level of satisfaction: under assessment;– broadcasting: 2 press articles, scientific communications, and shared the experience through FAISEM to all the Andalusia Areas.– research: expecting spreading the experience and improve the results.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Stigma and attitudes towards mental illness: Gender differences in a sample of Italian medical students
Authors: Pascucci M. , La Montagna M. , Di Sabatino D. , Stella E. , Nicastro R. , Grandinetti P. , Testa R. , Parente P. , Janiri L. , Pozzi G. , Piemontese G. , Ventriglio A. , Bellomo A. 
Published: June 2017

Introductionstigma in mental illness is characterized by discrimination towards people affected by mental disorder. Consequence of the paradigm “stigma-injury-discrimination” is the social exclusion of these patients and the denial of their rights. Medical students, those who should be important reference points for psychiatric patients, are instead one of the categories that contribute to their stigmatization.ObjectivesTo study the attitudes of medical students towards psychiatric patients.AimsThe present study analyzes gender differences in a sample of Italian medical students towards mental illness.MethodsA total of 339 Italian medical students completed a cross-sectional survey, in Rome and Foggia (Italy). We used the Italian version of Community Attitude towards the Mentally Ill test (CAMI) to analyze the students’ attitudes.ResultsThere is a substantial difference among the attitudes towards mental disorders in female and male students. Female students have obtained less stigmatizing results in 9 of the CAMI test items (P < 0.05), in Benevolence (P = 0.001) and Social Restrictiveness subscales (P = 0.043) and in the total score (P = 0.013).ConclusionsThese results are in line with those achieved in scientific literature, confirming that women tend to show more humanitarian attitude towards the mentally ill. Even in the original article of the validation of the CAMI test, the authors found better attitudes in women in all subscales, with the exception of Social Restrictiveness subscale (that in our analysis also correlates with the female gender).Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The importance of early detection of child neurodevelopment in primary care in Colombia
Authors: Romero Otalvaro A.M. , Munoz-Argel M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe systematic assessment of child development for the first 30 months of age is essential in the monitoring of health outcomes; this requires to have a structured protocol to systematically observe the milestones that have to be achieved at each stage of child development, and prevent deficiencies related to risk factors, reduce and prevent special needs arising from a deficit of the neurodevelopment.ObjectiveDescribe the results of the evaluation of early detection of neurodevelopment problems in subjects from 0–30 months of age who assist to child developmental centers in municipalities located in the Colombian Caribbean region; the main need for intervention was characterized with different neurodevelopment problems.MethodsA cross-sectional study was developed. Childs from 0–30 months of age who attended to the child development centers were tested. Exclusion criteria were not stipulated. The ASQ-3 and a demographic survey (Graffar's survey) were administrated, in order to correlate the social level and the overall results.ResultsThe study included 750 boy/girl. The maturational development for each age group was determined, an analysis of each neurodevelopment area was conducted and the results were correlated with the demographic survey.ConclusionsHigh levels of suspicion of possible neurodevelopment problems and the referral to diagnostic evaluation were observed for access to appropriate treatments. Early detection is highlighted as a tool in primary care that optimizes health sector resources and act in the appropriate periods of plasticity of child development.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Patient education for behavior change: Harm reduction and hypertation control
Authors: Soria D. , Schincariol G.M. , Chan G.T. , Pontes De S. Linda Beatriz , Domingos E.J. , Souza S.R.D. , Silva C.M.C.D. , Vernaglia T.V.C. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundChronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) are a public health problem in Brazil. In addition, NCDs is more strongly associated with common mental disorders than was each NCD individually. This study is about the implementation and execution through the university extension project “harm reduction and mental health: hypertation control and health education” developed at Images of the Unconscious Museum, Brazil.AimsMeasure the prevalence of hypertation, verify the association with chronic NCDs, educate about risk behavior and improve to psychosocial rehabilitation.MethodsA socio-demographic and blood pressure profile was constructed. We identify hypertation on 33 patients. After the diagnosis, the family health unit was contact to construct a clinical care plan. We distribute health educational material about clinical diseases.ResultsThirty-six percent patients was identify with hypertation; once had high blood pleasure and rejected any intervention; 68% have family rates of hypertation and 100% referred low salt on diet. A book storytelling was constructed to give orientations about health lifestyle. We conducted therapeutic workshop to highlighting the creative, imaginative and expressive potential of the users on health behavior.ConclusionWe identify low blood pressure after the activities and a new health style after the orientation process.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Cognitive dysfunction in acute psychosis
Authors: Mulligan O. , Tan W.T. , Lowry G. , Adamis D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPatients with psychosis often present with cognitive dysfunction during the course of their illness. Inflammatory markers such as cytokines and neurotrophins have been investigated, as they are relevant to the change in cognitive function.ObjectivesTo evaluate the cognitive function between patients with acute psychosis and those without. Moreover, this study also investigates cytokines and neurotrophins levels in acute psychosis and their relation with cognition, severity of psychosis and trajectory of their levels across time and under treatment.MethodsLongitudinal, observational, pilot study, of psychiatric inpatients. Participants were assessed on the first day using brief psychiatric rating scale, CAGE, trail making test B and Wisconsin card sorting test. These assessments were repeated weekly until patients were discharged. Blood samples were also collected on the same day for cytokines and neurotrophins analysis. However, the result on cytokines and neurotrophins levels is still pending, therefore only clinical findings will be presented.ResultsThirty-one patients (mean age: 43.7, SD: 18.9, 14 females and 17 males) were recruited. Eleven were acutely psychotic. Generalized estimating equations modelling were used to compare these two groups based on cognitive and demographic variables. Patients with psychosis are more likely to have significantly lower scores for CAGE (Wald-x2 = 6.268, df = 1, P = 0.012), significantly more abnormal scores in Trail Making Test B (Wald–x2 = 7.338, df = 1, P = 0.007), failure to maintain set (Wald–x2 = 8.323, df = 1, P = 0.004) and perseveratives errors (Wald-x2 = 4.385, df = 1, P = 0.036) although they have more years of education than those without psychosis.ConclusionsThese data show individuals with acute psychosis have impaired cognitive function compared to others.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Assessment of empathy and psychological characteristics of smokers
Authors: Iatrou G. , Gourgoulianis K. , Kotrotsiou E. , Gouva M. , Kotrotsiou S. , Paralikas T. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSmoking causes many life-threatening diseases and is a major risk factor for several main causes of death. Damage by smoking is also caused to those called “passive smokers”. Passive smoking has been implicated in many adverse effects on health. Very few studies deal with empathy in smokers while smoking in the presence of non-smokers.PurposeEstimation of empathy and psychological characteristics of Greek smokers.MethodologyFor research purposes we used questionnaires Toronto empathy questionnaire (TEQ), symptom check list 90-R, experience of shame scale (EES) and other as Shamer scale – OAS.ResultsA statistically significant difference has been observed in the TEQ to gender (2.436, 0.02), with women showing the highest value (3.4 ± 0.4), as well as in the mean in behavioral shame 2. Another statistically significant difference has been observed in behavioral shame between educational level (3.419, 0.026) and the price of characterological shame among those who reported smoking in the workplace and those who did not.ConclusionsThe sample consisted of 27 subjects with average age 24 years and standard deviation of 4 years. Smokers accounted for 48.1%, of whom 69.2% stated that smoke in their living space. Respectively, the percentage of smokers in the workplace was equivalent. The largest percentage of smokers, (13 people, 69.2%) think that non-smokers are very annoyed when surrounded by people smoking close to them. The proportion of those who said they are very much bothered when in places where smoking is prohibited but somebody smokes, is large (47.1%).Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Unconventional side effects of antidepressants: Focus on emotional blunting
Authors: Falaschi V. , Baroni S. , Mucci F. , Akiskal H. , Marazziti D. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the unconventional side-effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclics (TCAs) antidepressants during long-term treatment of depression, with a special focus on emotional blunting and, in particular, on the possible changes of some features of loving relationships.MethodsTwo hundred outpatients (130 women and 70 men, mean age ± SD: 43.4 ± 11.1 years) were enrolled. They were suffering from mild or moderate depression, according to DSM–5 criteria, treated with one antidepressant for at least six months and involved in a long-term loving relationship. A specifically designed test, the so-called “sex, attachment, love” (SALT) questionnaire was built to assess the possible changes of the loving relationship.ResultsThe results showed differences between the two genders, in particular women taking TCAs reported more sexual side effects than men, whereas men taking SSRIs complained a reduction of the feelings of love and attachment towards the partner.ConclusionsAntidepressants seem to have a dimorphic effect on some elements of loving relationships, however these results need to be further explored.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Advantages of second-generation long-acting injectable anti-psychotics: Focus on hospital admission rates in southeast Tuscany
Authors: Iazzetta P. , Forte A. , Cesari G. , Lucii C. , Magnani N. , Cardamone G. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSeveral studies suggested that second-generation long-acting injectable anti-psychotics (SGA-LAIs) might be effective on preventing relapse and admission/readmission rates among patients affected by schizophrenic and bipolar disorders. Moreover, studies highlighted that SGA-LAIs may reduce costs and healthcare resource utilization (HRU) among community psychiatric settings.ObjectivesThe objective of the present study was to evaluate whether the increased use of SGA-LAIs among community psychiatric services in southern Tuscany was related to:– reduced costs and HRU;– reduced hospital admission/readmission.MethodsData consisted of both regional registry and data prospectively collected at admission and/or follow up assessments. Patients included were: patients affected by schizophrenia/schizoaffective or bipolar disorders, treated with SGA-LAIs.ResultsThe increased use of SGA-LAIs was related to a significant reduction of admission and/or readmission rates, as long as a significant reduction in costs and HRU among the community services included in the study.ConclusionsThe present findings suggest that SGA-LAIs might have a positive cost/effectiveness profile and could reduce hospitalizations, costs and HRU among a community sample. This could be related to a better tolerability of SGA-LAIs compared to FGA-LAIs, and less adverse effects. More studies on community samples should focus on the cost/effectiveness profile of SGA-LAIs.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Intervention in Early Psychosis - Current Status and Future Perspectives
Authors: Galderisi S. , Pietrafesa D. , Palumbo D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe delay between psychosis onset and initiation of treatment (duration of untreated psychosis, DUP) is associated with a poorer treatment response and overall functional outcome. In Europe several early detection and intervention programs have been developed to reduce the DUP and promote Phase-specific Treatments (PsTs).AimsTo review the evidence of a) the effectiveness of European Early Interventions (EEIs) in reducing DUP; b) an impact of PsTs on clinical and social outcomes; and c) EEIs cost-effectiveness.MethodsA literature search in PubMed, PsychInfo, Cochrane and individual journals through cross-referencing was performed. All European Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) designed to reduce DUP and/or to implement PsTs for people with first-episode psychosis were included in the review.ResultsStudies examining early detection programs compared with Standard Care (SC) reported discrepant findings as to their impact on the DUP. PsTs generally reduce hospitalizations and improve service engagement when compared with SC; their impact on other clinical variables, e.g. symptomatology and social functioning, is unclear. Studies assessing EEIs cost-effectiveness in comparison with SC consistently report an advantage for EEIs in the long run.ConclusionsEEIs, as compared to SC, show several advantages that seem to result in an overall reduction in the cost of care. Therefore, the development of EEI is recommended.On the other hand, some inconsistencies in the reported results suggest that EEIs should include psychosocial interventions targeting unmet needs of schizophrenia patients, such as cognitive dysfunction and negative symptoms.Disclosure of interestSG received honoraria or Advisory board/consulting fees from the following companies: Lundbeck, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Hoffman-La Roche, Angelini-Acraf, Otsuka, Pierre Fabre and Gedeon-Richter. All other authors have declared.
Successful treatment of OCD-bipolar co-morbidity with clozapine – aripiprazole combination
Authors: Ouali U. , Zgueb Y. , Ouertani A. , Nacef F. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionCo-morbid obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in bipolar disorder (BD) negatively affects clinical course and outcome, and considerably complicates its treatment.ObjectiveTo show a therapeutic approach still rarely used in case of resistant bipolar disorder associated with OCD.MethodsPresentation of the clinical case of Mr. M.H., who is treated in our department since 2008 for OCD-bipolar co-morbidity, followed by a literature review.ResultsMr. M.H. is a 29-year-old male patient. He developed BD associated to OCD at age 20. In order to control bipolar symptoms, the patient received several trials of anti-psychotics combined with mood stabilizers with little improvement. Resistant BD was diagnosed, and clozapine 300 mg daily introduced, leading to significant improvement in bipolar symptoms but worsening in OC symptoms. Treatment of OCD with fluoxetine and with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) was unsuccessful. Introduction of aripiprazole 20 mg daily led to decided improvement of OC-symptoms. After one year, clozapine was gradually tapered down to 150 mg daily without reappearance of bipolar symptoms but further improvement of OC-symptoms.ConclusionTreatment of OCD-bipolar co-morbidity is difficult given the risk of manic switch with antidepressants and the risk of benzodiazepine dependence. CBT could represent an alternative, however, it did not show any efficacy in our patient. Worsening of OCD under clozapine is described in the literature. Adjunction of aripiprazole to clozapine seems an interesting therapeutic option: it diminishes OC symptoms without destabilizing the patient's mood state.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.