bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
T follicular helper cells and antibody response to Hepatitis B virus vaccine in HIV-1 infected children receiving ART
Authors: Bekele Yonas , Yibeltal Desalegn , Bobosha Kidist , Andargie Temesgen E. , Lemma Mahlet , Gebre Meseret , Mekonnen Eyasu , Habtewold Abiy , Nilsson Anna , Aseffa Abraham , Howe Rawleigh , Chiodi Francesca 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHBV vaccine has 95% efficacy in children to prevent HBV infection and related cancer. We conducted a prospective study in HIV-1 infected children receiving ART (n = 49) and controls (n = 63) to assess humoral and cellular responses to HBV vaccine provided with three doses under an accelerated schedule of 4 weeks apart. At 1 month post-vaccination all children, except 4 HIV-1 infected, displayed protective antibody (ab) titers to HBV vaccine; ab titers were lower in infected children (P < 0.0001). Ab titers decreased (P < 0.0001) in both HIV-1 infected and control children at 6 months. The frequency of circulating Tfh (cTFh) cells was 20.3% for controls and 20.8% for infected children prior to vaccination and remained comparable post-vaccination. Cytokine expression by cTfh cells upon activation with HBV antigen was comparable in the two groups at baseline and 1 month post-vaccination. Higher plasma levels (P < 0.0001) of CXCL13 were found in infected children which correlated with cTfh cell frequency at baseline. In conclusion, a lower ab response to HBV vaccine was measured in HIV-1 infected children. The frequency and activation profile of cTfh cells was comparable in infected children and controls suggesting that cells other than Tfh cells are responsible for impaired ab response to HBV vaccine.
Branching morphology determines signal propagation dynamics in neurons
Authors: Ofer Netanel , Shefi Orit , Yaari Gur 
Published: August 2017

AbstractComputational modeling of signal propagation in neurons is critical to our understanding of basic principles underlying brain organization and activity. Exploring these models is used to address basic neuroscience questions as well as to gain insights for clinical applications. The seminal Hodgkin Huxley model is a common theoretical framework to study brain activity. It was mainly used to investigate the electrochemical and physical properties of neurons. The influence of neuronal structure on activity patterns was explored, however, the rich dynamics observed in neurons with different morphologies is not yet fully understood. Here, we study signal propagation in fundamental building blocks of neuronal branching trees, unbranched and branched axons. We show how these simple axonal elements can code information on spike trains, and how asymmetric responses can emerge in axonal branching points. This asymmetric phenomenon has been observed experimentally but until now lacked theoretical characterization. Together, our results suggest that axonal morphological parameters are instrumental in activity modulation and information coding. The insights gained from this work lay the ground for better understanding the interplay between function and form in real-world complex systems. It may also supply theoretical basis for the development of novel therapeutic approaches to damaged nervous systems.
TDAG8, TRPV1, and ASIC3 involved in establishing hyperalgesic priming in experimental rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Hsieh Wei-Shan , Kung Chia-Chi , Huang Shir-Ly , Lin Shih-Chang , Sun Wei-Hsin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA), characterized by chronic inflammation of synovial joints, is often associated with ongoing pain and increased pain sensitivity. High hydrogen ion concentration (acidosis) found in synovial fluid in RA patients is associated with disease severity. Acidosis signaling acting on proton-sensing receptors may contribute to inflammation and pain. Previous studies focused on the early phase of arthritis (<5 weeks) and used different arthritis models, so elucidating the roles of different proton-sensing receptors in the chronic phase of arthritis is difficult. We intra-articularly injected complete Freund’s adjuvant into mice once a week for 4 weeks to establish chronic RA pain. Mice with knockout of acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) or transient receptor potential/vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (TRPV1) showed attenuated chronic phase (>6 weeks) of RA pain. Mice with T-cell death-associated gene 8 (TDAG8) knockout showed attenuated acute and chronic phases of RA pain. TDAG8 likely participates in the initiation of RA pain, but all three genes, TDAG8, TRPV1, and ASIC3, are essential to establish hyperalgesic priming to regulate the chronic phase of RA pain.
Ccdc3: A New P63 Target Involved in Regulation Of Liver Lipid Metabolism
Authors: Liao Wenjuan , Liu Hongbing , Zhang Yiwei , Jung Ji Hoon , Chen Jiaxiang , Su Xiaohua , Kim Yeong C. , Flores Elsa R , Wang San Ming , Czarny-Ratajczak Malwina , Li Wen , Zeng Shelya X. , Lu Hua 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTAp63, a member of the p53 family, has been shown to regulate energy metabolism. Here, we report coiled coil domain-containing 3 (CCDC3) as a new TAp63 target. TAp63, but not ΔNp63, p53 or p73, upregulates CCDC3 expression by directly binding to its enhancer region. The CCDC3 expression is markedly reduced in TAp63-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts and brown adipose tissues and by tumor necrosis factor alpha that reduces p63 transcriptional activity, but induced by metformin, an anti-diabetic drug that activates p63. Also, the expression of CCDC3 is positively correlated with TAp63 levels, but conversely with ΔNp63 levels, during adipocyte differentiation. Interestingly, CCDC3, as a secreted protein, targets liver cancer cells and increases long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, but decreases ceramide in the cells. CCDC3 alleviates glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and steatosis formation in transgenic CCDC3 mice on high-fat diet (HFD) by reducing the expression of hepatic PPARγ and its target gene CIDEA as well as other genes involved in de novo lipogenesis. Similar results are reproduced by hepatic expression of ectopic CCDC3 in mice on HFD. Altogether, these results demonstrate that CCDC3 modulates liver lipid metabolism by inhibiting liver de novo lipogenesis as a downstream player of the p63 network.
Gender differences in influences of temperament on olfactory reactivity and awareness
Authors: Martinec Nováková Lenka , Vojtušová Mrzílková Radka , Kernerová Anna 
Published: August 2017

AbstractChildren’s olfactory performance is associated with temperament but whether there is a link with olfactory reactivity and awareness is not known. In adults negative affectivity is linked to reactivity to environmental odours but it is not clear whether these associations extend to children. We aimed to investigate the effect of temperamental factors on olfactory reactivity and awareness. In so doing, we controlled for the effect of parenting styles on temperamental assessment and of verbal fluency on children’s olfactory reactivity and awareness. We hypothesised that children with a high degree of negative affectivity would show greater olfactory reactivity and awareness. 129 children (62 boys, mean age 6.83 ± 0.40 years) were interviewed about their olfactory reactivity and awareness in everyday life using the established Children’s Olfactory Behavior in Everyday Life questionnaire (COBEL). Parents assessed their child’s temperament using the 94-item short form of the Children’s Behavior Questionnaire. We found that the relationship between negative affectivity and total COBEL scores varied between the genders: there was a positive, medium to large effect in boys and a negative, small one in girls. Future studies could include behavioural observations of temperament and olfactory reactivity and awareness.
Lattice topology dictates photon statistics
Authors: Kondakci H. Esat , Abouraddy Ayman F. , Saleh Bahaa E. A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPropagation of coherent light through a disordered network is accompanied by randomization and possible conversion into thermal light. Here, we show that network topology plays a decisive role in determining the statistics of the emerging field if the underlying lattice is endowed with chiral symmetry. In such lattices, eigenmode pairs come in skew-symmetric pairs with oppositely signed eigenvalues. By examining one-dimensional arrays of randomly coupled waveguides arranged on linear and ring topologies, we are led to a remarkable prediction: the field circularity and the photon statistics in ring lattices are dictated by its parity while the same quantities are insensitive to the parity of a linear lattice. For a ring lattice, adding or subtracting a single lattice site can switch the photon statistics from super-thermal to sub-thermal, or vice versa. This behavior is understood by examining the real and imaginary fields on a lattice exhibiting chiral symmetry, which form two strands that interleave along the lattice sites. These strands can be fully braided around an even-sited ring lattice thereby producing super-thermal photon statistics, while an odd-sited lattice is incommensurate with such an arrangement and the statistics become sub-thermal.
Peroxiredoxin1, a novel regulator of pronephros development, influences retinoic acid and Wnt signaling by controlling ROS levels
Authors: Chae Soomin , Lee Hyun-Kyung , Kim Yoo-Kyung , Jung Sim Hyo , Ji Yoorim , Kim Chowon , Ismail Tayaba , Park Jeen-Woo , Kwon Oh-Shin , Kang Beom-Sik , Lee Dong-Seok , Bae Jong-Sup , Kim Sang-Hyun , Min Kyoung-Jin , Kyu Kwon Taeg , Park Mae-Ja , Han Jin-Kwan , Kwon Taejoon , Park Tae-Joo , Lee Hyun-Shik 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPeroxiredoxin1 (Prdx1) is an antioxidant enzyme belonging to the peroxiredoxin family of proteins. Prdx1 catalyzes the reduction of H2O2 and alkyl hydroperoxide and plays an important role in different biological processes. Prdx1 also participates in various age-related diseases and cancers. In this study, we investigated the role of Prdx1 in pronephros development during embryogenesis. Prdx1 knockdown markedly inhibited proximal tubule formation in the pronephros and significantly increased the cellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which impaired primary cilia formation. Additionally, treatment with ROS (H2O2) severely disrupted proximal tubule formation, whereas Prdx1 overexpression reversed the ROS-mediated inhibition in proximal tubule formation. Epistatic analysis revealed that Prdx1 has a crucial role in retinoic acid and Wnt signaling pathways during pronephrogenesis. In conclusion, Prdx1 facilitates proximal tubule formation during pronephrogenesis by regulating ROS levels.
Control of unsteady laser-produced plasma-flow with a multiple-coil magnetic nozzle
Authors: Morita Taichi , Edamoto Masafumi , Miura Satoshi , Sunahara Atsushi , Saito Naoya , Itadani Yutaro , Kojima Tomihiko , Mori Yoshitaka , Johzaki Tomoyuki , Kajimura Yoshihiro , Fujioka Shinsuke , Yogo Akifumi , Nishimura Hiroaki , Nakashima Hideki , Yamamoto Naoji 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe report an experimental demonstration of controlling plasma flow direction with a magnetic nozzle consisting of multiple coils. Four coils are controlled separately to form an asymmetric magnetic field to change the direction of laser-produced plasma flow. The ablation plasma deforms the topology of the external magnetic field, forming a magnetic cavity inside and compressing the field outside. The compressed magnetic field pushes the plasma via the Lorentz force on a diamagnetic current: j × B in a certain direction, depending on the magnetic field configuration. Plasma and magnetic field structure formations depending on the initial magnetic field were simultaneously measured with a self-emission gated optical imager and B-dot probe, respectively, and the probe measurement clearly shows the difference of plasma expansion direction between symmetric and asymmetric initial magnetic fields. The combination of two-dimensional radiation hydrodynamic and three-dimensional hybrid simulations shows the control of the deflection angle with different number of coils, forming a plasma structure similar to that observed in the experiment.
A novel c-di-GMP binding domain in glycosyltransferase BgsA is responsible for the synthesis of a mixed-linkage β-glucan
Authors: Pérez-Mendoza Daniel , Bertinetti Daniela , Lorenz Robin , Gallegos María-Trinidad , Herberg Friedrich W. , Sanjuán Juan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBgsA is the glycosyltransferase (GT) involved in the synthesis of a linear mixed-linkage β-glucan (MLG), a recently described exopolysaccharide activated by c-di-GMP in Sinorhizobium meliloti and other Rhizobiales. Although BgsA displays sequence and structural homology with bacterial cellulose synthases (CS), it does not contain any predictable c-di-GMP binding domain. In this work we demonstrate that the cytoplasmic C-terminal domain of BgsA (C-BgsA) binds c-di-GMP with both high affinity (KD = 0.23 μM) and specificity. C-BgsA is structurally different to the otherwise equivalent cytoplasmic C-terminal domain of CS, and does not contain PilZ motifs for c-di-GMP recognition. A combination of random and site-directed mutagenesis with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) allowed identification of the C-BgsA residues which are important not only for c-di-GMP binding, but also for BgsA GT activity. The results suggest that the C-BgsA domain is important for both, c-di-GMP binding and GT activity of BgsA. In contrast to bacterial CS where c-di-GMP has been proposed as a derepressor of GT activity, we hypothesize that the C-terminal domain of BgsA plays an active role in BgsA GT activity upon binding c-di-GMP.
Fractal evolution under in situ pressure and sorption conditions for coal and shale
Authors: Zhang Rui , Liu Shimin , Wang Yang 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCoalbed methane (CBM) and shale gas become two most important unconventional natural gas resources in US. The fractal dimension, known as the degree of self-similarity or irregularity, is an important parameter to quantitatively characterize gas storage capacity and gas transport properties in pores of rock matrix. In this study, two coal and two shale samples were evaluated to estimate fractal dimensions using combined small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and low-pressure N2 adsorption techniques. The results show that surface fractal dimension D
s
of inaccessible pores is greater than that for total pores based on SANS results for all four tested samples. D
s
of accessible pores estimated by N2 desorption is greater than that for N2 adsorption for each linear section of each tested sample. Based on in situ SANS results, D
s
slightly decreases with increasing argon injecting pressure for San Juan coal. D
s
decreases with increasing methane and CO2 injecting pressure for samples with high D
s
. However, D
s
significantly increases when CO2 became liquid phase for samples with low D
s
. Furthermore, D
s
almost didn’t change after methane and argon penetrations for all these samples except Marcellus outcrop shale.
Integrative epigenomics, transcriptomics and proteomics of patient chondrocytes reveal genes and pathways involved in osteoarthritis
Authors: Steinberg Julia , Ritchie Graham R. S. , Roumeliotis Theodoros I. , Jayasuriya Raveen L. , Clark Matthew J. , Brooks Roger A. , Binch Abbie L. A. , Shah Karan M. , Coyle Rachael , Pardo Mercedes , Le Maitre Christine L. , Ramos Yolande F. M. , Nelissen Rob G. H. H. , Meulenbelt Ingrid , McCaskie Andrew W. , Choudhary Jyoti S. , Wilkinson J. Mark , Zeggini Eleftheria 
Published: August 2017

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease characterized by cartilage degeneration and joint remodeling. The underlying molecular changes underpinning disease progression are incompletely understood. We investigated genes and pathways that mark OA progression in isolated primary chondrocytes taken from paired intact versus degraded articular cartilage samples across 38 patients undergoing joint replacement surgery (discovery cohort: 12 knee OA, replication cohorts: 17 knee OA, 9 hip OA patients). We combined genome-wide DNA methylation, RNA sequencing, and quantitative proteomics data. We identified 49 genes differentially regulated between intact and degraded cartilage in at least two –omics levels, 16 of which have not previously been implicated in OA progression. Integrated pathway analysis implicated the involvement of extracellular matrix degradation, collagen catabolism and angiogenesis in disease progression. Using independent replication datasets, we showed that the direction of change is consistent for over 90% of differentially expressed genes and differentially methylated CpG probes. AQP1, COL1A1 and CLEC3B were significantly differentially regulated across all three –omics levels, confirming their differential expression in human disease. Through integration of genome-wide methylation, gene and protein expression data in human primary chondrocytes, we identified consistent molecular players in OA progression that replicated across independent datasets and that have translational potential.
CitH3: a reliable blood biomarker for diagnosis and treatment of endotoxic shock
Authors: Pan Baihong , Alam Hasan B. , Chong Wei , Mobley James , Liu Baoling , Deng Qiufang , Liang Yinjian , Wang Yanming , Chen Eric , Wang Tianbing , Tewari Muneesh , Li Yongqing 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCurrent biomarkers for sepsis are limited by their non-specificity, short half-life, and insensitive response to therapy. Recently, we have demonstrated that citrullinated histone H3(CitH3) is released into the blood from neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs) in response to severe infection, and CitH3 may be a potential biomarker for sepsis. In the present study, we found that NET components were released in mouse models of both lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced shock (LPSS) and hemorrhagic shock (HS). To further quantify CitH3 in the NETs, we established a CitH3 specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Circulating CitH3 was found to be elevated only in LPSS but not in HS. Importantly, blood CitH3 was detected 30 minutes after LPS insult, and remained elevated for 24 hours (period of the highest mortality). Treatment of endotoxic mice with YW3-56, a peptidylarginine deiminase-2/4 inhibitor, significantly diminished levels of CitH3 in the blood. Interleukin-1β did not respond to LPS early, and interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 fluctuated although they responded to treatment. Procalcitonin reacted to LPS insult late. Compared to CitH3, these biomarkers were non-specifically induced in LPSS and HS. Collectively, our results demonstrate that YW3-56 protects animals from LPSS, and CitH3 is a reliable biomarker due to its early appearance, specificity, duration, and response to therapeutic intervention.
Integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA expression in HeLa cells expressing low levels of Nucleolin
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Gomez Elizabhet Cruz , Chalabi-Dchar Mounira , Rong Cong , Das Sadhan , Ugrinova Iva , Gaume Xavier , Monier Karine , Mongelard Fabien , Bouvet Philippe 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNucleolin is an essential protein that plays important roles in the regulation of cell cycle and cell proliferation. Its expression is up regulated in many cancer cells but its molecular functions are not well characterized. Nucleolin is present in the nucleus where it regulates gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Using HeLa cells depleted in nucleolin we performed an mRNA and miRNA transcriptomics analysis to identify biological pathways involving nucleolin. Bioinformatic analysis strongly points to a role of nucleolin in lipid metabolism, and in many signaling pathways. Down regulation of nucleolin is associated with lower level of cholesterol while the amount of fatty acids is increased. This could be explained by the decreased and mis-localized expression of the transcription factor SREBP1 and the down-regulation of enzymes involved in the beta-oxidation and degradation of fatty acids. Functional classification of the miRNA-mRNA target genes revealed that deregulated miRNAs target genes involved in apoptosis, proliferation and signaling pathways. Several of these deregulated miRNAs have been shown to control lipid metabolism. This integrated transcriptomic analysis uncovers new unexpected roles for nucleolin in metabolic regulation and signaling pathways paving the way to better understand the global function of nucleolin within the cell.
Vascular channels in metacarpophalangeal joints: a comparative histologic and high-resolution imaging study
Authors: Scharmga A. , Keller K. K. , Peters M. , van Tubergen A. , van den Bergh J. P. , van Rietbergen B. , Weijers R. , Loeffen D. , Hauge E. M. , Geusens P. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe evaluated whether cortical interruptions classified as vascular channel (VC) on high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) could be confirmed by histology. We subsequently evaluated the image characteristics of histologically identified VCs on matched single and multiplane HR-pQCT images. Four 3-mm thick portions in three anatomic metacarpophalangeal joint specimens were selected for histologic sectioning. First, VCs identified with HR-pQCT were examined for confirmation on histology. Second and independently, VCs identified by histology were matched to single and multiplane HR-pQCT images to assess for presence of cortical interruptions. Only one out of five cortical interruptions suggestive for VC on HR-pQCT could be confirmed on histology. In contrast, 52 VCs were identified by histology of which 39 (75%) could be classified as cortical interruption or periosteal excavation on matched single HR-pQCT slices. On multiplane HR-pQCT images, 11 (21%) showed a cortical interruption in at least two consecutive slices in two planes, 36 (69%) in at least one slice in two planes and five (10%) showed no cortical interruption. Substantially more VCs were present in histology sections than initially suggested by HR-pQCT. The small size and heterogeneous presentation, limit the identification as VC on HR-pQCT.
On the surface effects of citrates on nano-apatites: evidence of a decreased hydrophilicity
Authors: Ivanchenko Pavlo , Delgado-López José Manuel , Iafisco Michele , Gómez-Morales Jaime , Tampieri Anna , Martra Gianmario , Sakhno Yuriy 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe surface structure and hydrophilicity of synthetic nanocrystalline apatite with strongly bound citrates on their surface are here investigated at the molecular level, by combining advanced IR spectroscopy, microgravimetry and adsorption microcalorimetry. Citrate are found to form unidentate-like and ionic-like complexes with surface Ca2+ ions, with a surface coverage closely resembling that present in bone apatite platelets (i.e., 1 molecule/(n nm)2, with n ranging between 1.4 and 1.6). These surface complexes are part of a hydrated non-apatitic surface layer with a sub-nanometre thickness. Noticeably, it is found that the hydrophilicity of the nanoparticles, measured in terms of adsorption of water molecules in the form of multilayers, decreases in a significant extent in relation to the presence of citrates, most likely because of the exposure toward the exterior of –CH2 groups. Our findings provide new insights on the surface properties of bio-inspired nano-apatites, which can be of great relevance for better understanding the role of citrate in determining important interfacial properties, such as hydrophobicity, of bone apatite platelets. The evaluation and comprehension of surface composition and structure is also of paramount interest to strictly control the functions of synthetic biomaterials, since their surface chemistry strongly affects the hosting tissue response.