bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SDSS-IV MaNGA: What Shapes the Distribution of Metals in Galaxies? Exploring the Roles of the Local Gas Fraction and Escape Velocity
Authors: Barrera-Ballesteros J. K. , Heckman T. , Sánchez S. F. , Zakamska N. L. , Cleary J. , Zhu G. , Brinkmann J. , Drory N. ,   THE MaNGA TEAM
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We determine the local metallicity of the ionized gas for more than 9.2 × 105 star-forming regions (spaxels) located in 1023 nearby galaxies included in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-IV MaNGA integral field spectroscopy unit survey. We use the dust extinction derived from the Balmer decrement and the stellar template fitting in each spaxel to estimate the local gas and stellar mass densities, respectively. We also use the measured rotation curves to determine the local escape velocity (V
esc). We then analyze the relationships between the local metallicity and both the local gas fraction (μ) and V
esc. We find that metallicity decreases with both increasing μ and decreasing V
esc. By examining the residuals in these relations we show that the gas fraction plays a more primary role in the local chemical enrichment than does V
esc. We show that the gas-regulator model of chemical evolution provides a reasonable explanation of the metallicity on local scales. The best-fit parameters for this model are consistent with the metal loss caused by momentum-driven galactic outflows. We also argue that both the gas fraction and the local escape velocity are connected to the local stellar surface density, which in turn is a tracer of the epoch at which the dominant local stellar population formed.
Using Gravitational-wave Observations and Quasi-universal Relations to Constrain the Maximum Mass of Neutron Stars
Authors: Rezzolla Luciano , Most Elias R. , Weih Lukas R. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Combining the GW observations of merging systems of binary neutron stars and quasi-universal relations, we set constraints on the maximum mass that can be attained by nonrotating stellar models of neutron stars. More specifically, exploiting the recent observation of the GW event GW170817 and drawing from basic arguments on kilonova modeling of GRB 170817A together with the quasi-universal relation between the maximum mass of nonrotating stellar models

and the maximum mass supported through uniform rotation

, we set limits for the maximum mass to be

, where the lower limit in this range comes from pulsar observations. Our estimate, which follows a very simple line of arguments and does not rely on the modeling of the electromagnetic signal in terms of numerical simulations, can be further refined as new detections become available. We briefly discuss the impact that our conclusions have on the equation of state of nuclear matter.
‘Oumuamua as a Messenger from the Local Association
Authors: Feng F. , Jones H. R. A. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
With a hyperbolic trajectory around the Sun, ‘Oumuamua is the first confirmed interstellar object. However, its origin is poorly known. By simulating the orbits of 0.23 million local stars, we find 109 encounters with periastron less than 5 pc. ‘Oumuamua’s low peculiar velocity is suggestive of its origin from a young stellar association with similar velocity. In particular, we find that ’Oumuamua would have had slow encounters with at least five young stars belonging to the Local Association, thus suggesting these as plausible sites for formation and ejection. In addition to an extremely elongated shape, the available observational data for ‘Oumuamua indicates a red color, suggestive of a potentially organic-rich and activity-free surface. These characteristics seem consistent with formation through energetic collisions between planets and debris objects in the middle part of a young stellar system. We estimate an abundance of at least 6.0 × 10−3 au−3 for such interstellar objects with mean diameter larger than 100 m and find that it is likely that most of them will be ejected into the Galactic halo. Our Bayesian analysis of the available light curves indicates a rotation period of

, which is consistent with the estimation by Meech et al. and shorter than those in other literature. The codes and results are available on GitHub (https://github.com/phillippro/Oumuamua).
Galactic Cosmic-Ray Anistropy During the Forbush Decrease Starting 2013 April 13
Authors: Tortermpun U. , Ruffolo D. , Bieber J. W. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The flux of Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) can undergo a Forbush decrease (FD) during the passage of a shock, sheath region, or magnetic flux rope associated with a coronal mass ejection (CME). Cosmic-ray observations during FDs can provide information complementary to in situ observations of the local plasma and magnetic field, because cosmic-ray distributions allow remote sensing of distant conditions. Here we develop techniques to determine the GCR anisotropy before and during an FD using data from the worldwide network of neutron monitors, for a case study of the FD starting on 2013 April 13. We find that at times with strong magnetic fluctuations and strong cosmic-ray scattering, there were spikes of high perpendicular anisotropy and weak parallel anisotropy. In contrast, within the CME flux rope there was a strong parallel anisotropy in the direction predicted from a theory of drift motions into one leg of the magnetic flux rope and out the other, confirming that the anisotropy can remotely sense a large-scale flow of GCRs through a magnetic flux structure.
Les identifications à l’œuvre dans l’interprétation
Authors: Szwec Gérard 
Published: January 2018

L’auteur discute de la conception de « ce qui fait interprétation » selon Brigitte Eoche Duval, qui propose un modèle selon lequel une régression suffisante et des capacités de l’analyste à utiliser l’identification primaire permet le surgissement, entre l’analysant et lui, d’une forme commune sous forme d’un acte de parole. Ce dernier crée une crise dans la cure et va finir par faire interprétation. L’auteur étudie les identifications qui entrent en jeu dans l’interprétation, notamment les identifications hystériques dont il rappelle le rôle, et il rapporte les variations de ces identifications aux changements d’équilibre qui s’effectuent à certains moments entre investissements libidinaux et investissements narcissiques.
Donner parole, donner silence
Authors: Baldacci Jean-Louis 
Published: January 2018

À partir de la formule de Rabelais, « Donner paroles est acte d’amoureux » est proposée une réflexion sur la mise en tension de la parole et du silence au cours du processus interprétatif. Silence, renoncement, détour, renversement, interprétation dans et de transfert, apparaissent comme les conditions de l’interprétation du transfert, celle qui met fin à la répétition au profit de la remémoration. Mais lorsque le processus rencontre sa limite, se trouve posée la question de savoir comment permettre au corps et à la sexualité infantile de retrouver le chemin de la parole.
Interpréter le bébé ? Le travail du psychanalyste avec les bébés et leurs parents
Authors: Angelergues Jacques 
Published: January 2018

Pourquoi des psychanalystes avec les bébés ? Peut-être parce que la dimension inconsciente des processus à l’œuvre autour de la naissance, le poids du transgénérationnel et des traumatismes, et le cortège « démoniaque » des répétitions, le commandent. Le poids des mots qui entourent le berceau doit faire l’objet de l’attention et de la prudence contre-tranférentielle du psychanalyste.
Théâtre et interprétation
Authors: Mesguich Daniel 
Published: January 2018

Dans cette intervention, Daniel Mesguich interroge le lien entre théâtre et psychanalyse, et plus particulièrement le sens de l’interprétation au théâtre, la place du personnage qu’il distingue de la personne. Il analyse la modalité de la croyance du spectateur, modalité qui serait de l’ordre d’un « je sais bien, mais quand même », et explicite les rapports entre cinéma, opéra et théâtre.
Les conditions de scientificité des Big Data en science politique
Authors: Boyadjian Julien 
Published: January 2018

Résumé Cet article propose de prolonger le débat initié par Dominique Boullier concernant l'influence des big data en sciences sociales. Sans remettre en cause l'idée selon laquelle l'analyse des phénomènes numériques peut nécessiter la constitution d'un nouveau courant épistémologique, on souhaite exposer, de manière complémentaire, un autre point de vue : les big data peuvent également permettre d'articuler les différentes traditions épistémologiques existantes des sciences sociales, à condition, premièrement, de combiner les nouvelles technologies numériques avec les méthodes d'enquête « traditionnelles » et, deuxièmement, de mobiliser les notions et concepts canoniques des sciences humaines et sociales pour analyser les phénomènes numériques.
Changes in Corneal Biomechanical Properties With Different Corneal Cross-linking Irradiances
Authors: Bao FangJun , Zheng YaRu , Liu Chang , Zheng XiaoBo , Zhao YiPing , Wang Yuan , Li LinNa , Wang QinMei , Chen ShiHao , Elsheikh Ahmed 
Published: January 2018

PURPOSE:
To evaluate whether different corneal cross-linking (CXL) irradiances, all with the same delivered total energy, achieve similar increases in corneal material stiffness.

METHODS:

One hundred twenty-six healthy white Japanese rabbits were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 18 each). After removing the epithelium of the left corneas, six groups were exposed to riboflavin (0.22% concentration by volume) and ultraviolet-A (370 nm) at different CXL irradiations, all with the same total dose (5.4 J/cm
2
), ranging from 3 mW/cm
2
for 30 minutes to 90 mW/cm
2
for 1 minute. The left corneas of the seventh group were exposed to riboflavin without irradiation. Twelve corneas of each group were prepared for inflation testing, where they were subjected to internal hydrostatic pressure simulating intraocular pressure, whereas the other six specimens were processed for electron microscopy measurements of fibril diameter and interfibrillar spacing. The inverse modeling process was used to estimate the tangent modulus of the tissue, which is considered an accurate measure of the material stiffness.

RESULTS:

The stiffening effect of CXL decreased when using high irradiation/short duration settings. Compared with the group with no irradiation (NUVA group), the tangent modulus increases reduced from 212.5% in the 3mW/30min group to 196.8% in the 90mW/1min group. These increases were significant (
P
< .05) in the 3mW/30min and 9mW/10min groups, but became insignificant in other CXL groups. The interfibrillar spacing in the anterior 50
μ
m of the corneal stroma also reduced with high irradiation/short duration settings, changing from 20.05 ± 1.89 nm in the NUVA group down to 13.06 ± 2.07 and 14.37 ± 1.90 nm in the 3mW/30min and 9mW/10min groups, respectively. These changes were significant (
P
< .05) between non-adjacent groups, but became non-significant otherwise. The corresponding changes in fibril diameter were small and nonsignificant in all cases (
P
> .05).

CONCLUSIONS:
Because the effect of CXL in stiffening the tissue and reducing the interfibrillar spacing consistently decreased with reducing the irradiance duration, the Bunsen–Roscoe law may not be readily applicable in the CXL of corneal tissue.

[
J Refract Surg.
2018;34(1):51–58.]
Autorefraction Versus Manifest Refraction in Patients With Keratoconus
Authors: Soeters Nienke , Muijzer Marc B. , Molenaar Jurrian , Godefrooij Daniel A. , Wisse Robert P.L. 
Published: January 2018

PURPOSE:
To compare visual performance using autorefraction and manifest refraction assessments in patients with keratoconus and investigate whether autorefraction measurements lead to suboptimal visual performance.

METHODS:
Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was measured in 90 eyes of 61 patients with keratoconus with both autorefraction and manifest refraction, in a random order. Maximum keratometry (Kmax), cone location, and wavefront aberration were determined with Scheimpflug tomography. The difference between the autorefraction and manifest refraction outcomes was converted to vectors and a multivariable analysis was performed to identify potential underlying causes of this difference.

RESULTS:

A significantly better CDVA was achieved with manifest refraction (0.06 vs 0.29 logMAR [20/23 vs 20/38 Snellen],
P
< .001). After vector analysis, a mean difference of 4.83 diopters was found between autorefraction and manifest refraction. Increased Kmax was strongly and significantly associated with better visual performance of manifest refraction compared to autorefraction (B = 0.496,
P
= .002).

CONCLUSIONS:
This study showed that a superior CDVA is achieved with manifest refraction compared to autorefraction in patients with keratoconus. Furthermore, the difference between the two refraction methods increases as the cornea steepens. According to this study, autorefraction is unreliable in patients with keratoconus and should be avoided.

[
J Refract Surg.
2018;34(1):30–34.]
Development, characterization and first deployment of an improved online reactive oxygen species analyzer
Authors: Zhou Jun , Bruns Emily A. , Zotter Peter , Stefenelli Giulia , Prévôt André S. H. , Baltensperger Urs , El-Haddad Imad , Dommen Josef 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Inhalation of atmospheric particles is linked to human diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) present in these atmospheric aerosols may play an important role. However, the ROS content in aerosols and their formation pathways are still largely unknown. Here, we have developed an online and offline ROS analyzer using a 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin (DCFH) based assay. The ROS analyzer was calibrated with H2O2 and its sensitivity was characterized using a suite of model organic compounds. The instrument detection limit determined as 3 times the noise is 1.3 nmol L−1 for offline analysis and 2 nmol m−3 of sampled air when the instrument is operated online at a fluorescence response time of approximately 8 min, while the offline method detection limit is 18 nmol L−1. Potential interferences from gas-phase O3 and NO2 as well as matrix effects of particulate SO42− and NO3− were tested, but not observed. Fe3+ had no influence on the ROS signal, while soluble Fe2+ reduced it if present at high concentrations in the extracts. Both online and offline methods were applied to identify the ROS content of different aerosol types, i.e., ambient aerosols as well as fresh and aged aerosols from wood combustion emissions. The stability of the ROS was assessed by comparing the ROS concentration measured by the same instrumentation online in situ with offline measurements. We also analyzed the evolution of ROS in specific samples by conducting the analysis after storage times of up to 4 months. The ROS were observed to decay with increasing storage duration. From their decay behavior, ROS in secondary organic aerosol (SOA) can be separated into short- and long-lived fractions. The half-life of the short-lived fraction was 1.7 ± 0.4 h, while the half-life of the long-lived fraction could not be determined with our uncertainties. All these measurements showed consistently that on average 60 ± 20 % of the ROS were very reactive and disappeared during the filter storage time. This demonstrates the importance of a fast online measurement of ROS.
Precipitable water vapour content from ESR/SKYNET sun–sky radiometers: validation against GNSS/GPS and AERONET over three different sites in Europe
Authors: Campanelli Monica , Mascitelli Alessandra , Sanò Paolo , Diémoz Henri , Estellés Victor , Federico Stefano , Iannarelli Anna Maria , Fratarcangeli Francesca , Mazzoni Augusto , Realini Eugenio , Crespi Mattia , Bock Olivier , Martínez-Lozano Jose A. , Dietrich Stefano 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The estimation of the precipitable water vapour content (W) with high
temporal and spatial resolution is of great interest to both meteorological
and climatological studies. Several methodologies based on remote sensing
techniques have been recently developed in order to obtain accurate and
frequent measurements of this atmospheric parameter. Among them, the relative
low cost and easy deployment of sun–sky radiometers, or sun photometers,
operating in several international networks, allowed the development of
automatic estimations of W from these instruments with high temporal
resolution. However, the great problem of this methodology is the estimation
of the sun-photometric calibration parameters. The objective of this paper is
to validate a new methodology based on the hypothesis that the calibration
parameters characterizing the atmospheric transmittance at 940 nm are
dependent on vertical profiles of temperature, air pressure and moisture
typical of each measurement site. To obtain the calibration parameters some
simultaneously seasonal measurements of W, from independent sources, taken
over a large range of solar zenith angle and covering a wide range of W,
are needed. In this work yearly GNSS/GPS datasets were used for obtaining a
table of photometric calibration constants and the methodology was applied
and validated in three European ESR-SKYNET network sites, characterized by
different atmospheric and climatic conditions: Rome, Valencia and Aosta.
Results were validated against the GNSS/GPS and AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET)
W estimations. In both the validations the agreement was very
high, with a percentage RMSD of about 6, 13 and 8 % in the case of
GPS intercomparison at Rome, Aosta and Valencia, respectively, and of 8 %
in the case of AERONET comparison in Valencia. Analysing the results by W classes, the present methodology was found to
clearly improve W estimation at low W content when compared against AERONET in
terms of % bias, bringing the agreement with the GPS (considered the
reference one) from a % bias of 5.76 to 0.52.
The Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project Observational Simulator Package: Version 2
Authors: Swales Dustin J. , Pincus Robert , Bodas-Salcedo Alejandro 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project Observational Simulator Package (COSP) gathers together a collection of
observation proxies or “satellite simulators” that translate model-simulated cloud properties to synthetic observations
as would be obtained by a range of satellite observing systems. This paper
introduces COSP2, an evolution focusing on
more explicit and consistent separation between host model, coupling infrastructure, and individual observing
proxies. Revisions also enhance flexibility by allowing for model-specific
representation of sub-grid-scale cloudiness,
provide greater clarity by clearly separating tasks, support greater use of shared code and data including shared inputs
across simulators, and follow more uniform software standards to simplify implementation across a wide range of
platforms. The complete package including a testing suite is freely available.
Biochar-Rhizosphere Interactions – a Review
Authors: GŁUSZEK SŁAWOMIR , SAS-PASZT LIDIA , SUMOROK BEATA , KOZERA RYSZARD 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Biochar is a solid material of biological origin obtained from biomass carbonization, designed as a mean to reduce greenhouse gases emission and carbon sequestration in soils for a long time. Biochar has a wide spectrum of practical utilization and is applied as a promising soil improver or fertilizer in agriculture, or as a medium for soil or water remediation. Preparations of biochar increase plant growth and yielding when applied into soil and also improve plant growth conditions, mainly bio, physical and chemical properties of soil. Its physical and chemical properties have an influence on bacteria, fungi and invertebrates, both in field and laboratory conditions. Such effects on rhizosphere organisms are positive or negative depending on biochar raw material origin, charring conditions, frequency of applications, applications method and doses, but long term effects are generally positive and are associated mainly with increased soil biota activity. However, a risk assessment of biochar applications is necessary to protect food production and the soil environment. This should be accomplished by biochar production and characterization, land use implementation, economic analysis, including life cycle assessment, and environmental impact assessment.
Trends of Bloodstream Infections in a University Greek Hospital during a Three-Year Period: Incidence of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria and Seasonality in Gram-negative Predominance
Authors: KOLONITSIOU FEVRONIA , PAPADIMITRIOU-OLIVGERIS MATTHAIOS , SPILIOPOULOU ANASTASIA , STAMOULI VASILIKI , PAPAKOSTAS VASILEIOS , APOSTOLOPOULOU ELENI , PANAGIOTOPOULOS CHRISTOS , MARANGOS MARKOS , ANASTASSIOU EVANGELOS D. , CHRISTOFIDOU MYRTO , SPILIOPOULOU IRIS 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiology, the incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and bloodstream infections’ (BSIs) seasonality in a university hospital. This retrospective study was carried out in the University General Hospital of Patras, Greece, during 2011–13 y. Blood cultures from patients with clinical presentation suggestive of bloodstream infection were performed by the BacT/ALERT System. Isolates were identified by Vitek 2 Advanced Expert System. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by the disk diffusion method and E-test. Resistance genes (mecA in staphylococci; vanA/vanB/vanC in enterococci; bla
KPC/bla
VIM/bla
NDM in Klebsiella spp.) were detected by PCR. In total, 4607 (9.7%) blood cultures were positive from 47451 sets sent to Department of Microbiology, representing 1732 BSIs. Gram-negative bacteria (52.3%) were the most commonly isolated, followed by Gram-positive (39.5%), fungi (6.6%) and anaerobes bacteria (1.8%). The highest contamination rate was observed among Gram-positive bacteria (42.3%). Among 330 CNS and 150 Staphylococcus aureus, 281 (85.2%) and 60 (40.0%) were mecA-positive, respectively. From 113 enterococci, eight were vanA, two vanB and two vanC-positives. Of the total 207 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (73.4%), 202 carried bla
KPC, four bla
KPC and bla
VIM and one bla
VIM. A significant increase in monthly BSIs’ incidence was shown (R2: 0.449), which may be attributed to a rise of Gram-positive BSIs (R2: 0.337). Gram-positive BSIs were less frequent in spring (P < 0.001), summer (P < 0.001), and autumn (P < 0.001), as compared to winter months, while Gram-negative bacteria (P < 0.001) and fungi (P < 0.001) were more frequent in summer months. BSIs due to methicillin resistant S. aureus and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria increased during the study period. The increasing incidence of BSIs can be attributed to an increase of Gram-positive BSI incidence, even though Gram-negative bacteria remained the predominant ones. Seasonality may play a role in the predominance of Gram-negative’s BSI.