bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Esthetic Salutation and Functional Acceptance of Maxillary Superimposed Prosthesis
Authors: Rajeev Vini , Arunachalam Rajeev , Ganapathy Sivadas , Vedam Vaishanavi 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
In cases where patients are left with few teeth, clinicians face a dilemma. Psychological satisfaction of the patient by retaining the natural teeth not only provides retention but also helps in the preservation of the alveolar bone and proprioception. Overdenture therapy has a long-term advantage where the forces of mastication are directed along the long axis of the abutment teeth, which provides guidance and support and further prevents the dislodgement of denture during movements. Overdenture design remains one of the best treatment options for patients who do not have the financial ability to support an extensive restorative treatment. This management is a preventive prosthodontic therapy, which can delay or eliminate future prosthodontic problems. This case report is about the prosthetic rehabilitation of a partially edentulous patient using a hybrid overdenture with a double crown for the maxilla and conventional overdenture for the mandible, giving the patient a denture with better esthetics, more support, and retention.

How to cite this article
Rajeev V, Arunachalam R, Ganapathy S, Vedam V. The Esthetic Salutation and Functional Acceptance of Maxillary Superimposed Prosthesis. World J Dent 2016;7(2): 107-110.
Comparison of Dorzolamide/Timolol vs Brinzolamide/Brimonidine Fixed Combination Therapy in the Management of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Kozobolis Vassileios , Panos Georgios D. , Konstantinidis Aristeidis , Labiris Georgios 
Published: July 2016

Purpose To compare the efficiency of brinzolamide/brimonidine fixed combination vs the dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination. Methods Forty-four eyes of 44 patients were divided in 2 groups treated either with dorzolamide/timolol twice a day (group A) or with brinzolamide/brimonidine twice a day (group B). Complete ophthalmic examination including Goldmann applanation tonometry was performed before treatment administration and 1, 4, 8, and 12 weeks afterwards. The intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured twice a day (morning at 9 AM and afternoon at 4 PM). Results At the end of the follow-up period (12 weeks), mean morning IOP reduction was 7.0 ± 2.8 mm Hg in group A and 8.4 ± 1.9 mm Hg in group B. A significant difference was found (p = 0.0343). In contrast, mean afternoon IOP reduction was 8.6 ± 2.7 mm Hg in group A and 7.9 ± 1.6 mm Hg in group B and no significant difference was found (p = 0.3413). No significant adverse effects were observed in either group. Conclusions Brinzolamide/brimonidine seems to be an effective and safe alternative β-blocker free fixed combination, especially for patients with comorbidities, having its own antihypertensive profile.
Is Artificial Reproductive Technology a Risk Factor for Retinopathy of Prematurity Independent of the Generation of Multiple Births?
Authors: Barker Lucy , Bunce Catey , Husain Shahid , Adams Gill G.W. 
Published: July 2016

Purpose There is some debate regarding whether artificial reproductive technology (ART) constitutes an independent risk factor for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). We wanted to assess the prevalence of ART in multiple birth infants seen for ROP screening and whether or not ROP was identified or treated, in order to evaluate whether ART contributes a risk factor for ROP independent of the generation of multiple births. Methods A retrospective audit was performed of all multiple birth babies admitted to a tertiary neonatal unit who met the UK ROP screening criteria (<32 weeks gestational age [GA] and/or <1,501 g birthweight [BW]). Results A total of 205 babies met our criteria, of whom 87.3% were twins. A total of 39.5% were born following ART. A total of 30.5% of the non-ART group developed ROP vs 34% of the ART group (p = 0.837). Stage 3 ROP developed in 5.1% of non-ART babies and 6% of ART babies. A total of 8.5% of non-ART babies and 10% of ART babies required treatment for ROP. Logistic regression demonstrated that ART was not independently associated with development of ROP. Conclusions Artificial reproductive technology multiple birth babies make up a considerable proportion of the ROP screening burden and their number is likely to increase as ART is increasingly available and utilized. We found no significant difference between the numbers of babies developing ROP in the ART vs non-ART groups, but the numbers are small. The estimated odds of developing ROP are slightly higher in the ART babies, so our data do not rule out a possible association.
Laser in Situ Keratomileusis for High Hyperopia with Corneal Vertex Centration and Asymmetric Offset
Authors: de Ortueta Diego , Arba-Mosquera Sam 
Published: July 2016

Purpose To investigate refractive outcomes and induction of corneal higher order aberrations (HOA) in eyes that underwent laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for high hyperopia correction using an aberration neutral profile with corneal vertex centration and asymmetric offset. Methods A total of 24 consecutive patients (38 eyes) who underwent LASIK by one surgeon using AMARIS 750S excimer laser and a Carriazo-Pendular microkeratome for flap creation were retrospectively analyzed. Eyes targeted for plano and with correction in the maximum hyperopic meridian strictly higher than +4D were included in the retrospective analysis. Patients were reviewed at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Postoperative monocular corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) and uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), manifest refraction, and corneal wavefront aberrations were compared with respective preoperative metrics. Results Mean preoperative spherical equivalent and refractive astigmatism was +4.07 ± 0.90 D and 1.37 ± 1.26 D, respectively, reducing to +0.28 ± 0.58D (p<0.0001) and 0.49 ± 0.47 D (p = 0.0001) at the last postoperative visit. Six months postoperatively, 78% of eyes achieved a UDVA of 20/25 or better. No eye lost more than 2 Snellen lines of CDVA at any follow-up. There was a statistically significant induction of vertical trefoil (+0.104 ± 0.299 µm, p<0.05), vertical coma (-0.181 ± 0.463 µm, p<0.01), horizontal coma (+0.198 ± 0.663 µm, p<0.05), spherical aberration (-0.324 ± 0.281 µm, p<0.0001), secondary vertical trefoil (+0.018 ± 0.044 µm, p<0.01), and secondary horizontal coma (+0.026 ± 0.083 µm, p<0.05) Conclusions Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis for high hyperopia using corneal vertex centration with asymmetric offset results in significant improvement in refraction and visual acuity although affected by significant induction of some higher order aberrations.
Haemodialysis Plastic Cannulae - a Possible Alternative to Traditional Metal Needles?
Authors: Parisotto Maria Teresa , Pelliccia Francesco , Bedenbender-Stoll Eva , Gallieni Maurizio 
Published: July 2016

Background Haemodialysis plastic cannulae for arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) have been used for many years in Japan and recently this technique was introduced in Australia. Objectives Find answers to the following questions: What are the pros and cons of plastic cannulae versus traditional metal needles for AVF and arteriovenous graft (AVG)? Is the use of plastic cannulae instead of traditional metal needles an option for European dialysis units as well? If it is an option, for which patients should plastic cannulae be used? Methods Literature search via PubMed and Google. Results and Conclusion Due to the characteristics of plastic cannulae, they seem to be well suited for restless patients, patients with unpredictable behaviour, children, and patients who are allergic to metal. However, the evidence base provided by studies on the use of cannulae is currently weak. More controlled randomised studies are needed.
The interpretation of Brazilian Portuguese bare singulars in neutral contexts
Authors: Lima Suzi Oliveira , Quadros Gomes Ana Paula 
Published: July 2016

Abstract The interpretation of Bare Singular count nouns (henceforth BS nouns) has been at the center of much debate in the literature on countability in Brazilian Portuguese. In this paper, we ad- dress the question whether BS nouns may only be interpreted as mass nouns or as names of kinds, or whether they may also be interpreted as object denoting nouns. It is generally agreed that BS nouns can be interpreted as names of kinds. Furthermore, Beviláqua and Pires de Oliveira (2014) show that BS nouns are interpreted as mass nouns in contexts that favor a mass interpretation. However, the preferred interpretation of BS nouns in neutral contexts (i.e. contexts that favor neither a count nor a mass interpretation) has never been investigated experimentally. We present the results of two experiments, which show that speakers tend to interpret BS nouns as count nouns in neutral contexts.
Sobre a tradução de unidades complexas do léxico: desafios em torno de locuções, colocações e enunciados fraseológicos
Authors: Garcia Simão Angélica Karim 
Published: July 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a tradução de unidades fraseológicas (UFs) na direção espanhol-português em um corpus literário. As UFs são entendidas aqui como unidades léxicas formadas por mais de duas palavras gráficas em seu limite inferior, cujo limite superior situa-se no nível da oração composta. Nosso foco centra-se na análise dos procedimentos concretos que revelam as técnicas e estratégias de tradução a partir dos equivalentes propostos. Os resultados evidenciam diferenças no que concerne às estratégias de tradução de UFs, podendo-se concluir que diferentes métodos possam ser empregados para a tradução de locuções e enunciados fraseológicos sem que, com isso, elementos expressivos e estilísticos do texto literário sejam comprometidos. Para o caso das colocações, os dados apontam para a necessidade de maior atenção no âmbito da decodificação.
The Ever-Changing Landscape of Drug-Induced Injury of the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Marginean Esmeralda Celia 
Published: July 2016

Context.—There is an ever-growing armamentarium of pharmacologic agents that can cause gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal injury, the most common symptoms being diarrhea, constipation, nausea, and vomiting. These are often self-limiting and without serious sequelae, but some symptoms are of greater concern, like drug-induced mucosal ulceration that can manifest as GI hemorrhage, stricture formation, and even perforation. Histologically, there is significant overlap between drug-induced injuries and various disease entities. A single type of medication may cause multiple patterns of injury, which can involve the entire GI tract or just some parts of it.Objective.—To review the most common drug-induced injury patterns affecting the colon, which may be recognized by the surgical pathologist on colonic mucosal biopsies. This review does not address the injuries occurring in the upper GI tract.Data Sources.—A PubMed review of English-language literature, up to December 2015, on drug-induced injury of GI tract was performed.Conclusions.—There are numerous drugs that damage the colonic mucosa. The most common drugs are included in this review according to their histologic pattern of injury. It is important for the pathologist to keep in mind that a single drug type can induce many histologic patterns of mucosal injury that can mimic many disease entities. Although there are some histologic clues helpful in the diagnosis of drug-induced colonic injury, correlation with clinical history and especially medication history is essential to improve diagnostic accuracy.
Expansion of the tuning range of injection-seeded terahertz-wave parametric generator up to 5 THz
Authors: Murate Kosuke , Hayashi Shin’ichiro , Kawase Kodo 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we report the improvement of the frequency tuning range of an injection-seeded terahertz (THz)-wave parametric generator (is-TPG). A significant previous limitation was the high absorption coefficient in the higher-frequency region of a MgO:LiNbO3 crystal. Here, we inclined the crystal slightly, so that a fraction of the pump beam was internally reflected at the THz-wave exit surface of the crystal. In this configuration, it was easier for a higher-frequency THz wave to reach the crystal surface, because the center core region of the pump beam was closer to the exit surface. As a result, the upper limit of the frequency tuning range increased from 3.0 to 5.0 THz.
Two-dimensional analytical model for dual-material control-gate tunnel FETs
Authors: Xu Hui Fang , Dai Yue Hua , Guan Bang Gui , Zhang Yong Feng 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
An analytical model for a dual-material control-gate (DMCG) tunnel field effect transistor (TFET) is presented for the first time in this paper, and the influence of the mobile charges on the potential profile is taken into account. On the basis of the potential profile, the lateral electric field is derived and the expression for the drain current is obtained by integrating the band-to-band tunneling (BTBT) generation rate applicable to low-bandgap and high-bandgap materials over the tunneling region. The model also predicts the impacts of the control-gate work function on the potential and drain current. The advantage of this work is that it not only offers physical insight into device physics but also provides the basic designing guideline for DMCG TFETs, enabling the designer to optimize the device in terms of the on-state current, the on–off current ratio, and suppressed ambipolar behavior. Very good agreements for both the potential and drain current are observed between the model calculations and the simulated results.
The life stage‐specific pathometabolism of Legionella pneumophila
Authors: Eisenreich Wolfgang , Heuner Klaus 
Published: July 2016

The genus Legionella belongs to Gram‐negative bacteria found ubiquitously in aquatic habitats, where it grows in natural biofilms and replicates intracellularly in various protozoa (amoebae, ciliates). L. pneumophila is known as the causative agent of Legionnaires’ disease, since it is also able to replicate in human alveolar macrophages, finally leading to inflammation of the lung and pneumonia. To withstand the degradation by its host cells, a Legionella‐containing vacuole (LCV) is established for intracellular replication, and numerous effector proteins are secreted into the host cytosol using a type four B secretion system (T4BSS). During intracellular replication, Legionella has a biphasic developmental cycle that alternates between a replicative and a transmissive form. New knowledge about the host‐adapted and life stage‐dependent metabolism of intracellular L. pneumophila revealed a bipartite metabolic network with life stage‐specific usages of amino acids (e.g. serine), carbohydrates (e.g. glucose) and glycerol as major substrates. These metabolic features are associated with the differentiation of the intracellular bacteria, and thus have an important impact on the virulence of L. pneumophila.
Conceptualizing socio‐hydrological drought processes: The case of the Maya collapse
Authors: Kuil Linda , Carr Gemma , Viglione Alberto , Prskawetz Alexia , Blöschl Günter 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWith population growth, increasing water demands and climate change the need to understand the current and future pathways to water security is becoming more pressing. To contribute to addressing this challenge, we examine the link between water stress and society through socio‐hydrological modeling. We conceptualize the interactions between an agricultural society with its environment in a stylized way. We apply the model to the case of the ancient Maya, a population that experienced a peak during the Classic Period (AD 600–830) and then declined during the ninth century. The hypothesis that modest drought periods played a major role in the society's collapse is explored. Simulating plausible feedbacks between water and society we show that a modest reduction in rainfall may lead to an 80% population collapse. Population density and crop sensitivity to droughts, however, may play an equally important role. The simulations indicate that construction of reservoirs results in less frequent drought impacts, but if the reservoirs run dry, drought impact may be more severe and the population drop may be larger.
Atlantic Multidecadal Variability in a model with an improved North Atlantic Current
Authors: Drews Annika , Greatbatch Richard J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe examine the simulated Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV) in a model that includes a correction for a long‐standing problem with climate models, namely, the misplacement of the North Atlantic Current. The corrected model shows that in the warm AMV phase, heat is lost by the ocean in the northwestern part of the basin and gained by the ocean to the east, suggesting an advective transfer of heat by the midlatitude westerlies. The basin‐wide response is consistent with a role for cloud feedback and is in broad agreement with estimates from observations but is poorly represented in the uncorrected model. The corrected model is then used to show that the ocean/atmosphere heat transfer is influenced by low‐frequency variability in the overlying atmosphere. We also argue that changing ocean heat transport is an essential feature of our results.
Constraining electric fields from electrostatic deflector plates: A brief report and case study from the Fast Plasma Investigation for the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission
Authors: Collinson Glyn A. , McFadden James P. , Chornay Dennis J. , Gershman Daniel , Moore Thomas E. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA common feature of top hat space plasma analyzers are electrostatic “deflector plates” mounted externally to the aperture which steer the incoming particles and permit the sensor to rapidly scan the sky without moving. However, the electric fields generated by these plates can penetrate the mesh or grid on the outside of the sensor, potentially violating spacecraft electromagnetic cleanliness requirements. In this brief report we discuss how this issue was addressed for the Dual Electron Spectrometer for the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission using a double‐grid system and the simple modeling technique employed to assure the safe containment of the stray fields from its deflector plates.
MHD‐IPS analysis of relationship among solar wind density, temperature, and flow speed
Authors: Hayashi Keiji , Tokumaru Munetoshi , Fujiki Ken'ichi 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe solar wind properties near the Sun are a decisive factor of properties in the rest of heliosphere. As such, determining realistic plasma density and temperature near the Sun is very important in models for solar wind, specifically magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) models. We had developed a tomographic analysis to reconstruct three‐dimensional solar wind structures that satisfy line‐of‐sight‐integrated solar wind speed derived from the interplanetary scintillation (IPS) observation data and nonlinear MHD equations simultaneously. In this study, we report a new type of our IPS‐MHD tomography that seeks three‐dimensional MHD solution of solar wind, matching additionally near‐Earth and/or Ulysses in situ measurement data for each Carrington rotation period. In this new method, parameterized relation functions of plasma density and temperature at 50 Rs are optimized through an iterative forward model minimizing discrepancy with the in situ measurements. Satisfying three constraints, the derived 50 Rs maps of plasma quantities provide realistic observation‐based information on the state of solar wind near the Sun that cannot be well determined otherwise. The optimized plasma quantities exhibit long‐term variations over the solar cycles 21 to 24. The differences in plasma quantities derived from the optimized and original IPS‐MHD tomography exhibit correlations with the source‐surface magnetic field strength, which can in future give new quantitative constrains and requirements to models of coronal heating and acceleration.
Early ice retreat and ocean warming may induce copepod biogeographic boundary shifts in the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Feng Zhixuan , Ji Rubao , Campbell Robert G. , Ashjian Carin J. , Zhang Jinlun 
Published: July 2016

AbstractEarly ice retreat and ocean warming are changing various facets of the Arctic marine ecosystem, including the biogeographic distribution of marine organisms. Here an endemic copepod species, Calanus glacialis, was used as a model organism, to understand how and why Arctic marine environmental changes may induce biogeographic boundary shifts. A copepod individual‐based model was coupled to an ice‐ocean‐ecosystem model to simulate temperature‐ and food‐dependent copepod life history development. Numerical experiments were conducted for two contrasting years: a relatively cold and normal sea ice year (2001) and a well‐known warm year with early ice retreat (2007). Model results agreed with commonly known biogeographic distributions of C. glacialis, which is a shelf/slope species and cannot colonize the vast majority of the central Arctic basins. Individuals along the northern boundaries of this species' distribution were most susceptible to reproduction timing and early food availability (released sea ice algae). In the Beaufort, Chukchi, East Siberian, and Laptev Seas where severe ocean warming and loss of sea ice occurred in summer 2007, relatively early ice retreat, elevated ocean temperature (about 1–2°C higher than 2001), increased phytoplankton food, and prolonged growth season created favorable conditions for C. glacialis development and caused a remarkable poleward expansion of its distribution. From a pan‐Arctic perspective, despite the great heterogeneity in the temperature and food regimes, common biogeographic zones were identified from model simulations, thus allowing a better characterization of habitats and prediction of potential future biogeographic boundary shifts.
Impact of the January 2012 solar proton event on polar mesospheric clouds
Authors: Bardeen C. G. , Marsh D. R. , Jackman C. H. , Hervig M. E. , Randall C. E. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe use data from the Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere mission and simulations using the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model to determine the impact of the 23–30 January 2012 solar proton event (SPE) on polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) and mesospheric water vapor. We see a small heating and loss of ice mass on 26 January that is consistent with prior results but is not statistically significant. We also find a previously unreported but statistically significant ~10% increase in ice mass and in water vapor in the sublimation area in the model that occurs in the 7 to 14 days following the start of the event. The magnitude of the response to the January 2012 SPE is small compared to other sources of variability like gravity waves and planetary waves; however, sensitivity tests suggest that with larger SPEs this delayed increase in ice mass will increase, while there is little change in the loss of ice mass early in the event. The PMC response to SPEs in models is dependent on the gravity wave parameterization, and temperature anomalies from SPEs may be useful in evaluating and tuning gravity wave parameterizations.