bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PubMed captures more fine-grained bibliographic data on scientific commentary than Web of Science: a comparative analysis
Authors: Wang Shuang , Zhang Kai , Du Jian 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundResearch commentaries have the potential for evidence appraisal in emphasising, correcting, shaping and disseminating scientific knowledge.ObjectivesTo identify the appropriate bibliographic source for capturing commentary information, this study compares comment data in PubMed and Web of Science (WoS) to assess their applicability in evidence appraisal.MethodsUsing COVID-19 as a case study, with over 27 k COVID-19 papers in PubMed as a baseline, we designed a comparative analysis for commented-commenting relations in two databases from the same dataset pool, making a fair and reliable comparison. We constructed comment networks for each database for network structural analysis and compared the characteristics of commentary materials and commented papers from various facets.ResultsFor network comparison, PubMed surpasses WoS with more closed feedback loops, reaching a deeper six-level network compared with WoS’ four levels, making PubMed well-suited for evidence appraisal through argument mining. PubMed excels in identifying specialised comments, displaying significantly lower author count (mean, 3.59) and page count (mean, 1.86) than WoS (authors, 4.31, 95% CI of difference of two means = [0.66, 0.79], p<0.001; pages, 2.80, 95% CI of difference of two means = [0.87, 1.01], p<0.001), attributed to PubMed’s CICO comment identification algorithm. Commented papers in PubMed also demonstrate higher citations and stronger sentiments, especially significantly elevated disputed rates (PubMed, 24.54%; WoS, 18.8%; baseline, 8.3%; all p<0.0001). Additionally, commented papers in both sources exhibit superior network centrality metrics compared with WoS-only counterparts.ConclusionConsidering the impact and controversy of commented works, the accuracy of comments and the depth of network interactions, PubMed potentially serves as a valuable resource in evidence appraisal and detection of controversial issues compared with WoS.
Occupational accidents in mining workers: scoping review of studies published in the last 13 years
Authors: Cruz-Ausejo Liliana , Cama-Ttito Nieves Alejandra , Solano Patricia Flores , Copez-Lonzoy Anthony , Vera-Ponce Víctor Juan 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveMining activity represents one of the most hazardous occupations related to health, with 8% of fatal injuries concentrated in this sector worldwide. Thus, it is crucial to timely identify the factors involved in such injuries. We aimed to explore the sociodemographic and occupational/organisational factors associated with injuries, causative agents and subsequent disabilities and fatality of workers exposed to occupational injuries in the mining sector.DesignA secondary scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines.Data sourcesScopus, Embase, Virtual Health Library, SciELO and PubMed databases were searched in February 2022 and updated in October 2023. The protocol was developed in April 2022.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included observational studies published within the last 13 years (2010–2022) which provided information on injuries of the mining workers and reported associated factors as well as health consequences.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers examined the eligibility criteria, screened and coded the extracted information using prevalidated data extraction tools, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses—Extension for Scoping Reviews reporting guidelines.ResultsA total of 123 studies were found, of which nine were selected for inclusion in this review. Participants were between 15 and 80 years old, and the rate of injuries ranged from 4.4% to 10.6% of reported cases. Among the total selected studies, mechanical agents were identified as the leading cause of injuries in six studies. The factors associated with injuries included age, gender (female) and biochemical characteristics. On the other hand, occupational and organisational factors encompassed work shift, outsourcing (contractors) and less than 2 years of experience in the sector.ConclusionThis review emphasises that both work-related and individual characteristics are significantly related factors of injuries. Moreover, commonly reported health consequences of injuries encompass mortality, average days lost and permanent, partial or total disability.
Metronomic chemotherapy for paediatric extracranial solid tumours: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials
Authors: Peinemann Frank , Hoemberg Marc 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundMetronomic chemotherapy (‘less is more, regularly’) could be an alternative to the maximum tolerated dose (‘the more, the better’) in the chemotherapeutic cancer treatment of high-risk malignant solid extracranial tumours in children or young adults.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of metronomic chemotherapy compared with placebo or stop treatment in paediatric patients with extracranial malignant solid tumours.MethodsWe searched the databases MEDLINE and CENTRAL on 8 September 2023 and included randomised clinical trials (RCTs). Primary outcome was overall survival, and the main outcome measure was the HR.ResultsWe identified three RCTs with parallel assignment and intention-to-treat analyses of data from 775 people. The studies primarily reported on participants with rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma. The HR favoured the metronomic chemotherapy group (0.75 (95% CI 0.56 to 0.98)).ConclusionsThe evidence base is compatible with a favourable effect of metronomic chemotherapy on children and young adults with high-risk extracranial malignant solid tumours, especially other than bone tumours, when compared with placebo or stop treatment. Statistical heterogeneity is low while clinical heterogeneity is substantial. Thus, the results must be interpreted with caution and applicability of the results is limited. Future RCTs could provide more data on individual tumour entities and subsequently add information on tumour-specific responses.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023457195.
Efficacy and safety of henagliflozin combined with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in the treatment of Chinese inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus based on a continuous glucose monitoring system: protocol of a multicentre, open-label, inpatient, randomised, controlled trial
Authors: Wu Yingling , Huang Zhenxing , Qin Yingfen 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe role of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) in diabetes treatment is expanding; however, few studies have investigated the efficacy and safety of combining SGLT2is with insulin pump therapy. Notably, there is a scarcity of high-quality, multicentre, clinical trials. Therefore, we aim to conduct a prospective multicentre, randomised, controlled, study to investigate whether treatment of type 2 diabetes patients with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) combined with henagliflozin can reduce the time required for blood glucose control, decrease total insulin requirements, mitigate blood glucose fluctuations and enhance beta-cell function.Methods and analysisIn this inpatient, open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial, 200 patients with type 2 diabetes who have not received hypoglycaemic drugs will be randomly allocated at a 1:1 ratio to either the henagliflozin combined with CSII group or the CSII group. The efficacy and safety of treatment in both groups will be compared. We will use a real-time continuous glucose monitoring system for blood glucose monitoring. The primary aim of this study is to compare the time (% time in range (TIR)) in the range of 3.9~10.0 mmol/L blood glucose between the two treatment groups. The secondary outcome measures will include comparisons of the two treatment groups with respect to the (a) time at TIR >70%; (b) mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions; (c) time below range; (d) total insulin dosage; and (e) time above range.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and is to be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice. The study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.Trial registration numberNCT05677334.
Disclosure of medical errors to patients by medical professionals: a protocol for a qualitative systematic review
Authors: Chen Guiru , Huang Rongrong , Xiong Henyu 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionAlthough the disclosure of medical errors is an integral component of medical ethics, it remains inconsistent in practice worldwide. Despite various explanations of why healthcare professionals reveal their mistakes to patients, comprehensive comparisons and evaluations of this topic remain lacking. The objective of this review is to evaluate the experience of medical error disclosure among medical professionals who have been involved in such errors.Methods and analysisThis work will focus on studies involving medical professionals from various countries who work in hospital settings and have obtained an understanding of and firsthand experience with medical error disclosure. This review will include qualitative studies. Studies published in databases such as PubMed, Embase, EBSCO, OVID, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data and Cochrane Library from 1 January 2000 to 30 April 2024 will be searched as part of this research. Additionally, OpenGrey will be searched manually to obtain supplementary information. The search will be conducted starting in May 2024 and will include both Chinese-language and English-language literature. The systematic review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI) methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence and use the JBI System for the Unified Management, Assessment and Review of Information online program. Study authenticity will be investigated via the Qualitative Research Authenticity Evaluation Tool provided by the JBI Evidence-Based Health Care Centre, and data extraction will be performed via the Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument data extraction tool. The results will be integrated via a pooled integration methodology and evaluated in terms of reliability via the ConQual qualitative systematic evaluation evidence grading tool.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for the study because the review will be based on pre-existing data available in the literature. The results of this systematic review will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42024494360.
No one left to cope alone (NOLA): protocol for the development of a postdiagnostic intervention to support people newly diagnosed with dementia
Authors: Stoner Charlotte R , Durgante Helen , Birt Linda , Spector Aimee 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionReceiving a diagnosis of dementia is a seminal moment in many people’s lives. It can be associated with anger and grief for both the person with dementia and their network. Despite this, there is no provision for emotional support to help people affected by dementia manage the impact of receiving that diagnosis. As such, a postdiagnostic intervention to help people process and adjust to a diagnosis of dementia is needed. This protocol describes the initial work to be undertaken as part of a Programme Development Grant. The aims are to synthesise evidence for existing interventions, understand the implementation context and establish an advisory board.Methods and analysesPhase 1 will consist of two systematic reviews to synthesise research evidence for existing interventions in related areas. Phase 2 will consist of two qualitative research studies. Study 1 is a UK-wide qualitative survey to understand the current lived experience of receiving a diagnosis and postdiagnostic support. Study 2 is a local qualitative study in which three groups of stakeholders will be asked about the perceived barriers and facilitators to implementing a postdiagnostic intervention in Natuional Health Services (NHS). In Phase 3, an advisory group of people living with dementia, carers and other professionals will be established to provide advice and feedback and contribute to the codevelopment of the initial intervention.Ethics and disseminationHealth Research Authority, 15 July 2024. All data will be held in accordance with North East London NHS regulations, who act as sponsor of this development work. We will engage with policy professionals in Study 2 (Phase 2) and through this network disseminate our findings to facilitate policy change. The use of coproduction to ensure people with dementias voices are heard throughout this work will result in impact in health and well-being.
Evaluation of efficacy of oral calcium phosphate as an adjunct to standard-of-care regular phototherapy in cases of neonatal jaundice: a hospital-based double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Ghorui Arnab , Chowdhry Bhabesh Kant , Manjhi Pramod Kumar , Kumar Pradeep , Kumar Chandra Mohan 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveNeonatal jaundice is the most common cause of neonatal morbidity and rehospitalisation in the first week of life, affecting approximately 60% of term and 80% of preterm neonates, with 10% requiring phototherapy to prevent bilirubin-induced neurological dysfunction. Enterohepatic circulation contributes 10%–20% of the body’s bilirubin load, and oral calcium-phosphate can inhibit this process by binding to unconjugated bilirubin and acting as a bilirubin-trapping agent in the gut. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oral calcium phosphate as an adjunct to phototherapy in reducing phototherapy duration, improving bilirubin decline rate and lowering rebound hyperbilirubinaemia incidence.MethodsThis double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised controlled trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India. The investigator and the analyst were blinded to the treatment assignments. Eligible neonates with neonatal jaundice requiring phototherapy as per the ‘American Academy of Pediatrics or ‘National Institute for Health and Care Excellence’ guidelines were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either oral calcium phosphate or placebo.ResultsThe total duration of phototherapy was significantly lower in the intervention group compared with placebo (18.8±5.63 hours vs 24.3±4.50 hours; mean difference=−5.55 (95% CI −7.82 to −3.28), p<0.001). The rate of fall of bilirubin (mg/dL/hour) was also significantly higher in the intervention group (0.186±0.0137 vs 0.116±0.0088; mean difference=0.0693 (95% CI 0.0642 to 0.0745), p<0.001). The intervention group showed a trend towards a decrease in the incidence of rebound hyperbilirubinaemia, with a relative risk of 0.30 ((95% CI 0.0891 to 1.01), p=0.066).ConclusionThe use of oral calcium phosphate results in a statistically significant reduction in phototherapy hours, an improvement in the rate of bilirubin decline and a decrease in rebound hyperbilirubinaemia incidence. This allows for shorter hospital stays and reduces the need for rehospitalisation, resulting in less mother–baby dyad separation, lower hospital resource consumption and reduced financial burden on parents.Trial registration numberClinical-trials-registry-India, Ref No.CTRI/2022/03/041203, dated 21 March 2022https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/showallp.php?mid1=57944&EncHid=&userName=Phototherapy.
General practice trainee, supervisor and educator perspectives on the transitions in postgraduate training: a scoping review
Authors: Tran Michael , Rhee Joel , Hu Wendy , Magin Parker , Shulruf Boaz 
Published: October 2024

Transitions are a period and a process, through which there is a longitudinal adaptation in response to changing circumstances in clinical practice and responsibilities. While the experience of the transition in medical student learning and in hospital-based specialty training programmes are well described and researched, the experience of the transition in community-based postgraduate general practitioner (GP) training has not been described comprehensively.ObjectiveWe aimed to identify, and categorise, the formative experiences of transitions in GP training and their impacts on personal and professional development.DesignWe adopted Levacet al’s scoping review methodology. Of 1543 retrieved records, 76 were selected for data extraction. Based on a combined model of the socioecological and multiple and multi-dimensional theories of transitions, data relating to the experiences of transitions were organised into contextual themes: being physical, psychosocial, organisational culture and chronological.Eligibility criteriaEmpirical studies focused on general practice trainees or training, that discussed the transitions experienced in general practice training and that were published in English were included.Information sourcesPubMed, MEDLINE and Web of Science databases were searched in January 2024 with no date limits for empirical studies on the transition experiences of GP into, and through, training.ResultsOur findings describe context-dependent formative experiences which advance, or impede, learning and development. Time is a significant modulator of the factors contributing to more negative experiences, with some initially adverse experiences becoming more positive. Identification of the inflection point that represents a shift from initially adverse to more positive experiences of transitions may help moderate expectations for learning and performance at different stages of training.ConclusionChallenges in training can either advance development and contribute positively to professional identity formation and clinical competency, or detract from learning and potentially contribute to burnout and attrition from training programmes. These findings will assist future research in identifying predictive factors of positive and adverse experiences of transitions and may strengthen existing and nascent GP training programmes. The findings are transferable to other community-based specialty training programmes.
TERTpromoter mutations and survival outcomes in adult-type granulosa cell tumors
Authors: Brodsky Allison L , Flores Legarreta Alejandra , Fellman Bryan M , Glassman Deanna , How Jeffrey , Vuttaradhi Veena , Sood Anil K , Ramondetta Lois Michelle , Gershenson David , Hillman Robert Tyler 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate survival outcomes among patients with adult-type granulosa cell tumors who have telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study using the MD Anderson Rare Gynecologic Malignancy Registry. Patients with adult granulosa cell tumors who underwent molecular testing forTERTpromoter andFOXL2c.C402G mutations were included. We used descriptive statistics to compare demographic and clinical variables and estimated progression-free and overall survival with Kaplan-Meier curves. Cox proportional hazards regression and log-rank tests were employed for comparisons, with multivariable analyses adjusting for various factors.ResultsAmong 70 patients, 28 (40%) hadTERT+ tumors. The median age at diagnosis was 40 years (range 12–71) forTERT− patients and 46 years (range 25–76) forTERT+ patients. At diagnosis, 22 (63%) of 35TERT− patients were stage I, 10 (29%) stage II, and 3 (9%) stage III, while in theTERT+ group, 17/23 (74%) were stage I, 3 (13%) stage II, and 3 (13%) stage II. Univariable analysis showed no difference in time from diagnosis to first recurrence (p=0.19) and from first recurrence to second recurrence (p=0.24) based on tumorTERTstatus. The median time from first to second recurrence in theTERT− group was 27.3 months (95% CI 14.1 to 40.0) and in theTERT+ group was 14.8 months (95% CI 8.1 to 21.0). There was no observed difference in overall survival between the groups (HR=0.53; 95% CI 0.19 to 1.45;p=0.21). Multivariable analysis adjusting for age at diagnosis,TERTpromoter mutation status, systemic chemotherapy, and stage demonstrated a significant difference in progression-free survival based onTERTmutation status (HR=2.89; 95% CI 1.32 to 6.36).ConclusionsAfter adjustment for covariates, patients with adult granulosa cell tumors andTERT+ tumors had shorter progression-free survival after first recurrence.TERTpromoter mutations may identify a subset of patients with recurrent adult granulosa cell tumors and less favorable outcomes.
Cancer-associated foam cells hamper protective T cell immunity and favor tumor progression in human colon carcinogenesis
Authors: Daveri Elena , Vergani Barbara , Lalli Luca , Ferrero Giulio , Casiraghi Elena , Cova Agata , Zorza Marta , Huber Veronica , Gariboldi Manuela , Pasanisi Patrizia , Guarrera Simonetta , Morelli Daniele , Arienti Flavio , Vitellaro Marco , Corsetto Paola A , Rizzo Angela M , Stroscia Martina , Frati Paola , Lagano Vincenzo , Cattaneo Laura , Sabella Giovanna , Leone Biagio E , Milione Massimo , Sorrentino Luca , Rivoltini Licia 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant healthcare burden worldwide, characterized by a complex interplay between obesity and chronic inflammation. While the relationship between CRC, obesity and altered lipid metabolism is not fully understood, there are evidences suggesting a link between them. In this study, we hypothesized that dysregulated lipid metabolism contributes to local accumulation of foam cells (FC) in CRC, which in turn disrupts antitumor immunosurveillance.MethodsTumor infiltrating FC and CD8+were quantified by digital pathology in patients affected by T2–T4 CRC with any N stage undergoing radical upfront surgery (n=65) and correlated with patients’ clinical outcomes. Multiparametric high-resolution flow cytometry analysis and bulk RNAseq of CRC tissue were conducted to evaluate the phenotype and transcriptomic program of immune cell infiltrate in relation to FC accumulation. The immunosuppressive effects of FC and mechanistic studies on FC-associated transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and anti-PD-L1 inhibition were explored using an in-vitro human model of lipid-engulfed macrophages.ResultsFC (large CD68+Bodipy+macrophages) accumulated at the tumor margin in CRC samples. FChightumors exhibited reduced CD8+T cells and increased regulatory T cells (Tregs). Functional transcriptional profiling depicted an immunosuppressed milieu characterized by reduced interferon gamma, memory CD8+T cells, and activated macrophages mirrored by increased T-cell exhaustion and Treg enrichment. Furthermore, FChightumor phenotype was independent of standard clinical factors but correlated with high body mass index (BMI) and plasma saturated fatty acid levels. In CD8lowtumors, the FChighphenotype was associated with a 3-year disease-free survival rate of 8.6% compared with 28.7% of FClow(p=0.001). In-vitro studies demonstrated that FC significantly impact on CD8 proliferation in TFG-β dependent manner, while inhibition of TGF-β FC-related factors restored antitumor immunity.ConclusionsFC exert immunosuppressive activity through a TGF-β-related pathway, resulting in a CD8-excluded microenvironment and identifying immunosuppressed tumors with worse prognosis in patients with primary CRC. FC association with patient BMI and dyslipidemia might explain the link of CRC with obesity, and offers novel therapeutic and preventive perspectives in this specific clinical setting.