bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cellulose as an adhesion agent for the synthesis of lignin aerogel with strong mechanical performance, Sound-absorption and thermal Insulation
Authors: Wang Chao , Xiong Ye , Fan Bitao , Yao Qiufang , Wang Hanwei , Jin Chunde , Sun Qingfeng 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe lignin aerogels that are both high porosity and compressibility would have promising implications for bioengineering field to sound-adsorption and damping materials; however, creating this aerogel had a challenge to adhesive lignin. Here we reported cellulose as green adhesion agent to synthesize the aerogels with strong mechanical performance. Our approach—straightforwardly dissolved in ionic liquids and simply regenerated in the deionized water—causes assembly of micro-and nanoscale and even molecule level of cellulose and lignin. The resulting lignin aerogels exhibit Young’s modulus up to 25.1 MPa, high-efficiency sound-adsorption and excellent thermal insulativity. The successful synthesis of this aerogels developed a path for lignin to an advanced utilization.
Expression of segment polarity genes in brachiopods supports a non-segmental ancestral role of engrailed for bilaterians
Authors: Vellutini Bruno C. , Hejnol Andreas 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe diverse and complex developmental mechanisms of segmentation have been more thoroughly studied in arthropods, vertebrates and annelids—distantly related animals considered to be segmented. Far less is known about the role of “segmentation genes” in organisms that lack a segmented body. Here we investigate the expression of the arthropod segment polarity genes engrailed, wnt1 and hedgehog in the development of brachiopods—marine invertebrates without a subdivided trunk but closely related to the segmented annelids. We found that a stripe of engrailed expression demarcates the ectodermal boundary that delimits the anterior region of Terebratalia transversa and Novocrania anomala embryos. In T. transversa, this engrailed domain is abutted by a stripe of wnt1 expression in a pattern similar to the parasegment boundaries of insects—except for the expression of hedgehog, which is restricted to endodermal tissues of the brachiopod embryos. We found that pax6 and pax2/5/8, putative regulators of engrailed, also demarcate the anterior boundary in the two species, indicating these genes might be involved in the anterior patterning of brachiopod larvae. In a comparative phylogenetic context, these findings suggest that bilaterians might share an ancestral, non-segmental domain of engrailed expression during early embryogenesis.
Prediction of Ventricular Tachycardia One Hour before Occurrence Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Lee Hyojeong , Shin Soo-Yong , Seo Myeongsook , Nam Gi-Byoung , Joo Segyeong 
Published: August 2016

AbstractVentricular tachycardia (VT) is a potentially fatal tachyarrhythmia, which causes a rapid heartbeat as a result of improper electrical activity of the heart. This is a potentially life-threatening arrhythmia because it can cause low blood pressure and may lead to ventricular fibrillation, asystole, and sudden cardiac death. To prevent VT, we developed an early prediction model that can predict this event one hour before its onset using an artificial neural network (ANN) generated using 14 parameters obtained from heart rate variability (HRV) and respiratory rate variability (RRV) analysis. De-identified raw data from the monitors of patients admitted to the cardiovascular intensive care unit at Asan Medical Center between September 2013 and April 2015 were collected. The dataset consisted of 52 recordings obtained one hour prior to VT events and 52 control recordings. Two-thirds of the extracted parameters were used to train the ANN, and the remaining third was used to evaluate performance of the learned ANN. The developed VT prediction model proved its performance by achieving a sensitivity of 0.88, specificity of 0.82, and AUC of 0.93.
FSTL1 as a Potential Mediator of Exercise-Induced Cardioprotection in Post-Myocardial Infarction Rats
Authors: Xi Yue , Gong Da-Wei , Tian Zhenjun 
Published: August 2016

AbstractExercise training has been reported to ameliorate heart dysfunction in both humans and animals after myocardial infarction (MI), but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Follistatin-like1 (FSTL1) is a cardioprotective factor against ischemic injury and is induced in cardiomyocytes and skeletal muscle in ischemic and hypoxic conditions. To test the hypothesis that FSTL1 may be a molecular link between exercise and improved heart function post MI, we subjected MI-rats, induced by left coronary artery ligation, to two modes of exercise: intermittent aerobic exercise (IAE) or mechanical vibration training (MVT), for four weeks and examined the relevance of FSTL1 to exercise-mediated cardiac effects. Exercise improved the functional performance, reduced fibrosis of MI-hearts and induced FSTL1 expression, the TGFβ-Smad2/3 signaling and angiogenesis in myocardium. In gastrocnemius, exercise increased the cross-sectional area of myocytes and FSTL1 expression. Importantly, exercise increased circulating FSTL1 levels, which were positively correlated with the skeletal muscle FSTL1 expression and negatively correlated with heart fibrosis. Overall, the IAE was more effective than that of MVT in cardioprotection. Finally, exogenous FSTL1 administration directly improved angiogenesis as well as functionality of post-MI hearts. Taken together, we have demonstrated that FSTL1 is a potential mediator of exercise-induced cardioprotection in post-MI rats.
CMOS wireless stress sensor IC with 256‐cell sensing array for ultra‐thin applications
Authors: Jiang Hanjun , Wang Zheyao , Yang Shujie , Liu Heng , Wang Zhihua 
Published: August 2016

A wireless stress sensor integrated circuit (IC) has been implemented in 0.18 μm CMOS technology. The IC is composed of a 256‐cell stress sensing array, the current‐based sensor readout circuit, a 12 bit successive approximation (SAR) ADC and a 432 MHz wireless transmitter. The stress sensor employs orthogonally placed current source pair to measure the normal and shear stresses. The chip is backlapped to 35 μm for ultra‐thin applications such as human skin stress distribution measurement. The measured sensing nonlinearity is below 0.7%. Experiments show that the implemented IC can be used to detect the facial expression changes.
The 2008 outburst in the young stellar system Z CMa
Authors: Bonnefoy M. , Chauvin G. , Dougados C. , Kóspál Á. , Benisty M. , Duchêne G. , Bouvier J. , Garcia P. J. V. , Whelan E. , Antoniucci S. , Podio L. 
Published: August 2016

Context. Z CMa is a complex pre-main sequence binary with a current separation of 110 mas, known to consist of an FU Orionis star (SE component) and an embedded Herbig Be star (NW component). Although it represents a well-studied and characterized system, the origin of photometric variabilities, the component properties, and the physical configuration of the system remain mostly unknown.
Aims. Immediately when the late-2008 outburst of Z CMa was announced to the community, we initiated a high angular resolution imaging campaign aimed at characterizing the outburst state of both components of the system in the near-infrared.
Methods. We used the VLT/NACO and the Keck/NIRC2 near-infrared adaptive optics instrument to monitor the astrometric position and the near-infrared photometry of the Z CMa components during the outburst phase and one year after. The VLT/SINFONI and Keck/OSIRIS integral field spectroscrographs were in addition used to characterize for the first time the resolved spectral properties of the FU Orionis and the Herbig Be component during and after the outburst.
Results. We confirm that the NW star dominates the system flux in the 1.1−3.8 μm range and is responsible for the photometric outburst. We extract the first medium-resolution (R ~ 2000−4000) near-infrared (1.1−2.4 μm) spectra of the individual components. The SE component has a spectrum typical of FU Orionis objects. The NW component spectrum is characteristic of embedded outbursting protostars and EX Or objects. It displays numerous emission lines whose intensity correlates with the system activity. In particular, we find a correlation between the Brγ equivalent width and the system brightness. The bluing of the continuum of the NW component along with the absolute flux and color-variation of the system during the outburst suggests that the outburst was caused by a complex interplay between a variation of the extinction in the line of sight of the NW component on one hand, and the emission of shocked regions close to the NW component on the other. We confirm the recently reported wiggling of the SE component jet from [Fe II] line emission. We find a point-like structure associated with a peak emission at 2.098 μm coincidental with the clump or arm seen in broadband polarization differential imaging as well as additional diffuse emission along a PA = 214°. The origin of these two structures is unclear and deserves further investigation.
Functional analyses of chitinases in the moss Physcomitrella patens: chitin oligosaccharide-induced gene expression and enzymatic characterization
Authors: Kobaru Saki , Tanaka Ryusuke , Taira Toki , Uchiumi Toshiki 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Plant chitinases play diverse roles including defense against pathogenic fungi. Using reverse-transcription quantitative PCR analysis, we found that six chitinase (PpChi) genes and two genes for chitin elicitor receptor kinases (PpCERKs) are expressed at considerable levels in the moss Physcomitrella patens subsp. patens. The expressed PpChis belonged to glycoside hydrolase family 19 (class I: PpChi-Ia and -Ib; class II: PpChi-IIa and -IIc; and class IV: PpChi-IV) and to glycoside hydrolase family 18 (class V: PpChi-Vb). Treatment with chitin tetramer or hexamer increased the expression of class I and IV PpChi genes and decreased that of class II PpChi genes. Recombinant PpChi-Ia, PpChi-IV, and PpChi-Vb were characterized. PpChi-IV exhibited higher activity against chitin tetramer and pentamer than PpChi-Ia did. PpChi-Vb showed transglycosylation activity and PpChi-Ia inhibited fungal growth. These results suggest that chitinases of different classes play different roles in defense mechanism of moss plant against fungal pathogens.
Effects of Liming on Quality of Water Discharged from the Supply Reservoir at a Fisheries Research Station
Authors: Somridhivej Benjaporn , Boyd Claude E 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Annual treatment of a water supply reservoir with agricultural limestone at the E. W. Shell Fisheries Center at Auburn University has roughly doubled conductivity and concentrations of total alkalinity, total hardness, and calcium hardness in the discharge water. It also has prevented pH values below 6.7. Concentrations of water quality variables decreased following some large rainfall events and during periods of prolonged rainfall. Calcium hardness concentrations were sometimes lower than recommended for hatchery water supplies intended for Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus. Nevertheless, liming has improved the quality of the reservoir discharge for use in both the hatchery and research ponds at the station.
Feasibility of Oxytetracycline Marking Fingerling White Bass
Authors: Perrion Matthew A , Schall Benjamin J , Schoenebeck Casey W , Koupal Keith D , Sweet Bryan D 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Chemical batch marks with compounds such as oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC) can be useful for estimates of stock contribution. However, no information currently exists on the feasibility of marking fingerling White Bass Morone chrysops with OTC. The objectives of this study were to determine the level of mortality on White Bass when immersed in solutions of OTC at 0, 350, and 500 mg/L at intervals up to 96 h postimmersion and to assess the quality of marks on sagittal otoliths 14 d postmarking. A total of 900 White Bass (29–41 mm) were utilized with 100 fish used in three replicates per treatment. No differences in mortality rates were detected among control and treatment groups up to 96 h postmarking. Cumulative mortality rates were ≤6.7%. Mark visibility was ranked on a scale of 0–3; mean mark score was higher in the 500-mg/L treatment (2.5) than the 350-mg/L treatment (2.0). Batch-marking fingerling White Bass using the 500-mg/L marking solution provided visible marks and low mortality rates and therefore represents a viable option for biologists seeking to assess stock contribution and year-class strength.
Assembly-based inference of B-cell receptor repertoires from short read RNA sequencing data with V’DJer
Authors: Mose Lisle E. , Selitsky Sara R. , Bixby Lisa M. , Marron David L. , Iglesia Michael D. , Serody Jonathan S. , Perou Charles M. , Vincent Benjamin G. , Parker Joel S. 
Published: August 2016

Motivation: B-cell receptor (BCR) repertoire profiling is an important tool for understanding the biology of diverse immunologic processes. Current methods for analyzing adaptive immune receptor repertoires depend upon PCR amplification of VDJ rearrangements followed by long read amplicon sequencing spanning the VDJ junctions. While this approach has proven to be effective, it is frequently not feasible due to cost or limited sample material. Additionally, there are many existing datasets where short-read RNA sequencing data are available but PCR amplified BCR data are not.
Results: We present here V’DJer, an assembly-based method that reconstructs adaptive immune receptor repertoires from short-read RNA sequencing data. This method captures expressed BCR loci from a standard RNA-seq assay. We applied this method to 473 Melanoma samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas and demonstrate V’DJer’s ability to accurately reconstruct BCR repertoires from short read mRNA-seq data.
Availability and Implementation: V’DJer is implemented in C/C ++, freely available for academic use and can be downloaded from Github: https://github.com/mozack/vdjer
Contact: benjamin_vincent@med.unc.edu or parkerjs@email.unc.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Core deficits and quality of survival after childhood medulloblastoma: a review
Authors: Chevignard Mathilde , Câmara-Costa Hugo , Doz François , Dellatolas Georges 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Background.
Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant central nervous system tumor in children. Treatment most often includes surgical resection, craniospinal irradiation, and adjuvant chemotherapy. Although survival has improved dramatically, the tumor and its treatments have devastating long-term side effects that negatively impact quality of survival (QoS). The objective was to review the literature on QoS following childhood medulloblastoma.

Methods.
This narrative review is based on a Medline database search and examination of the reference lists of papers selected.

Results.
Frequent problems after medulloblastoma treatment include medical complications, such as long-term neurological and sensory (hearing loss) impairments; endocrine deficits, including growth problems; and secondary tumors. Neurocognitive impairment is repeatedly reported, with decreasing cognitive performances over time. Although all cognitive domains may be affected, low processing speed, attention difficulties, and working memory difficulties are described as the core cognitive deficits resulting from both cerebellar damage and the negative effect of radiation on white matter development. Long-term psychosocial limitations include low academic achievement, unemployment, and poor community integration with social isolation. Important negative prognostic factors include young age at diagnosis, conventional craniospinal radiotherapy, presence of postoperative cerebellar mutism, and perioperative complications. The influence of environmental factors, such as family background and interventions, remains understudied.

Conclusion.
Future studies should focus on the respective impact of radiation, cerebellar damage, genomic and molecular subgroup parameters, and environmental factors on cognitive and psychosocial outcomes. Long-term (probably lifelong) follow-up into adulthood is required in order to monitor development and implement timely, suitable, multi-disciplinary rehabilitation interventions and special education or support when necessary.
Creating a caregiver program in neuro-oncology
Authors: Page Margaretta S. , Chang Susan M. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Background.
Neuro-oncology caregivers face unique challenges. Caring for a patient who has a catastrophic, life-threatening diagnosis combined with progressive neurological decline can produce great distress. Experts agree that a formalized plan of care to address the needs of the neuro-oncology caregiver is needed.

Methods.
In 2013, the Division of Neuro-Oncology at the University of California, San Francisco initiated a program designed to provide additional services to address the needs of the neuro-oncology caregiver. Records have been kept outlining program development, the caregivers seen, their identified needs, and services provided.

Results.
From October 2013 through August 2015 staff met with 334 “new to clinic” caregivers, 90 of whom were caring for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. One hundred ninety-eight caregivers were deemed at high risk for distress due to transitions in patient care that were occurring. One hundred forty-nine caregivers of former patients received bereavement services for up to 6 months. The areas of highest need were emotional support and advocacy issues. The number of caregiver needs increased as patients moved along the disease trajectory. The program was able to identify resources that were lacking. Dedicated staff allowed for improvement in the kinds of caregiver-specific support services offered.

Conclusion.
Dedicated caregiver staff allows for developing relationships with caregivers across the disease trajectory and appears to be important in being able to offer individualized assessments and tailored care plans. Evaluation of caregiver and patient outcomes is the next step in understanding program effectiveness.
Why Does Threshold Level Change in Transcranial Motor-evoked Potentials During Surgery for Supratentorial Lesions?
Authors: Abboud Tammam , Huckhagel Torge , Stork Jan-Henrich , Hamel Wolfgang , Schwarz Cindy , Vettorazzi Eik , Westphal Manfred , Martens Tobias 
Published: August 2016

Background:
Rising threshold level during monitoring of motor-evoked potentials (MEP) using transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) has been described without damage to the motor pathway in the cranial surgery, suggesting the need for monitoring of affected and unaffected hemisphere. We aimed to determine the factors that lead to a change in threshold level and to establish reliable criteria for adjusting stimulation intensity during surgery for supratentorial lesions.

Materials and Methods:
Between October 2014 and October 2015, TES-MEP were performed in 143 patients during surgery for unilateral supratentorial lesions in motor-eloquent brain areas. All procedures were performed under general anesthesia using a strict protocol to maintain stable blood pressure. MEP were evaluated bilaterally to assess the percentage increase in threshold level, which was considered significant if it exceeded 20% on the contralateral side beyond the percentage increase on the ipsilateral side. Patients who developed a postoperative motor deficit were excluded. Volume of subdural air was measured on postoperative magnetic resonance imaging. Logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with the intraoperative recorded changes in threshold level.

Results:
A total of 123 patients were included in the study. On the affected side, 82 patients (66.7%) showed an increase in threshold level, which ranged from 2% to 48% and 41 patients (33.3%) did not show any change. The difference to the unaffected side was under 20% in all patients. The recorded range of changes in the systolic and mean pressure did not exceed 20 mm Hg in any of the patients. Pneumocephalus was detected on postoperative magnetic resonance imaging scans in 87 patients (70.7%) and 81 of them (93.1%) had an intraoperative increase in threshold level on either sides. Pneumocephalus was the only factor associated with an increase in threshold level on the affected side (P<0.001), while each of pneumocephalus and length of the procedure correlated with a change in threshold level on the unaffected side (P<0.001 and 0.032, respectively).

Conclusions:
Pneumocephalus was the only factor associated with increase in threshold level during MEP monitoring without damaging motor pathway. Threshold level on the affected side can rise up to 48% without being predictive of postoperative paresis, as long as the difference between the increased threshold of the affected and unaffected side is within 20%. Changes in systolic or mean blood pressure within a range of 20 mm Hg do not seem to influence intraoperative MEP.
Comparison of Ramosetron and Palonosetron for Preventing Nausea and Vomiting after Spinal Surgery: Association With ABCB1 Polymorphisms
Authors: Song Jong Wook , Shim Jae-Kwang , Choi Seung Ho , Soh Sarah , Jang Jaewon , Kwak Young Lan 
Published: August 2016

Background:
Adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) polymorphisms may influence 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist efficacy by altering their efflux transportation. We evaluated the influence of ABCB1 polymorphisms on the efficacy of ramosetron compared with palonosetron in managing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients who received intravenous patient-controlled analgesia after spinal surgery.

Methods:
Patients were randomly allocated to receive 2 boluses (20 min before the end of surgery and 24 h after surgery) of either ramosetron 0.3 mg (n=150) or palonosetron 0.075 mg (n=146). The incidence and severity of PONV, fentanyl consumption, and pain intensity were serially assessed for postoperative 48 hours. ABCB1 3435C>T and 2677G>T/A polymorphisms were assessed.

Results:
The incidences of nausea were similar between the 2 groups in patients with the 3435TT (50% vs. 56%, ramosetron and palonosetron group, respectively, P>0.999) or 2677TT (50% vs. 56%, ramosetron and palonosetron group, respectively, P>0.999). Mild PONV were more frequent in the ramosetron group than in the palonosetron group among patients with 3435TT (91% vs. 33%, P=0.034) and 2677TT (92% vs. 20%, P=0.002) genotypes. The intensity of nausea experienced by ramosetron-group TT genotype patients (1 [1 to 2], 3435TT; 1 [1 to 2.5], 2677TT) was lower than that experienced by ramosetron-group non-TT genotype patients (3 [1 to 6], 3435 non-TT, P=0.030; 3 [1 to 6], 2677 non-TT, P=0.038) and palonosetron-group TT genotype patients (6 [2 to 7], 3435TT, P=0.010; 6 [4 to 7], 2677TT, P=0.002).

Conclusions:
Compared with palonosetron, ramosetron may be superior for reducing PONV severity, especially in patients with ABCB1 3435TT or 2677TT genotype.