bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective regulation of YB-1 mRNA translation by the mTOR signaling pathway is not mediated by 4E-binding protein
Authors: Lyabin D. N. , Ovchinnikov L. P. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is a key regulator of gene expression at the level of both translation and transcription. The mode of its action on cellular events depends on its subcellular distribution and the amount in the cell. So far, the regulatory mechanisms of YB-1 synthesis have not been adequately studied. Our previous finding was that selective inhibition of YB-1 mRNA translation was caused by suppression of activity of the mTOR signaling pathway. It was suggested that this event may be mediated by phosphorylation of the 4E-binding protein (4E-BP). Here, we report that 4E-BP alone can only slightly inhibit YB-1 synthesis both in the cell and in vitro, although it essentially decreases binding of the 4F-group translation initiation factors to mRNA. With inhibited mTOR kinase, the level of mRNA binding to the eIF4F-group factors was decreased, while that to 4E-BP1 was increased, as was observed for both mTOR kinase-sensitive mRNAs and those showing low sensitivity. This suggests that selective inhibition of translation of YB-1 mRNA and probably some other mRNAs as well, by mTOR kinase inhibitors is not mediated by the action of the 4E-binding protein upon functions of the 4F-group translation initiation factors.
Intralymphatic mRNA vaccine induces CD8 T-cell responses that inhibit the growth of mucosally located tumours
Authors: Bialkowski Lukasz , van Weijnen Alexia , Van der Jeught Kevin , Renmans Dries , Daszkiewicz Lidia , Heirman Carlo , Stangé Geert , Breckpot Karine , Aerts Joeri L. , Thielemans Kris 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe lack of appropriate mouse models is likely one of the reasons of a limited translational success rate of therapeutic vaccines against cervical cancer, as rapidly growing ectopic tumours are commonly used for preclinical studies. In this work, we demonstrate that the tumour microenvironment of TC-1 tumours differs significantly depending on the anatomical location of tumour lesions (i.e.subcutaneously, in the lungs and in the genital tract). Our data demonstrate that E7-TriMix mRNA vaccine-induced CD8+T lymphocytes migrate into the tumour nest and control tumour growth, although they do not express mucosa-associated markers such as CD103 or CD49a. We additionally show that despite the presence of the antigen-specific T cells in the tumour lesions, the therapeutic outcomes in the genital tract model remain limited. Here, we report that such a hostile tumour microenvironment can be reversed by cisplatin treatment, leading to a complete regression of clinically relevant tumours when combined with mRNA immunization. We thereby demonstrate the necessity of utilizing clinically relevant models for preclinical evaluation of anticancer therapies and the importance of a simultaneous combination of anticancer immune response induction with targeting of tumour environment.
Cells release subpopulations of exosomes with distinct molecular and biological properties
Authors: Willms Eduard , Johansson Henrik J. , Mäger Imre , Lee Yi , Blomberg K. Emelie M. , Sadik Mariam , Alaarg Amr , Smith C.I. Edvard , Lehtiö Janne , EL Andaloussi Samir , Wood Matthew J.A. , Vader Pieter 
Published: March 2016

AbstractCells release nano-sized membrane vesicles that are involved in intercellular communication by transferring biological information between cells. It is generally accepted that cells release at least three types of extracellular vesicles (EVs): apoptotic bodies, microvesicles and exosomes. While a wide range of putative biological functions have been attributed to exosomes, they are assumed to represent a homogenous population of EVs. We hypothesized the existence of subpopulations of exosomes with defined molecular compositions and biological properties. Density gradient centrifugation of isolated exosomes revealed the presence of two distinct subpopulations, differing in biophysical properties and their proteomic and RNA repertoires. Interestingly, the subpopulations mediated differential effects on the gene expression programmes in recipient cells. In conclusion, we demonstrate that cells release distinct exosome subpopulations with unique compositions that elicit differential effects on recipient cells. Further dissection of exosome heterogeneity will advance our understanding of exosomal biology in health and disease and accelerate the development of exosome-based diagnostics and therapeutics.
Integrated metabolomics and metagenomics analysis of plasma and urine identified microbial metabolites associated with coronary heart disease
Authors: Feng Qiang , Liu Zhipeng , Zhong Shilong , Li Ruijun , Xia Huihua , Jie Zhuye , Wen Bo , Chen Xiaomin , Yan Wei , Fan Yanqun , Guo Zhenyu , Meng Nan , Chen Jiyan , Yu Xiyong , Zhang Zhiwei , Kristiansen Karsten , Wang Jun , Xu Xun , He Kunlun , Li Guanglei 
Published: March 2016

AbstractCoronary heart disease (CHD) is top risk factor for health in modern society, causing high mortality rate each year. However, there is no reliable way for early diagnosis and prevention of CHD so far. So study the mechanism of CHD and development of novel biomarkers is urgently needed. In this study, metabolomics and metagenomics technology are applied to discover new biomarkers from plasma and urine of 59 CHD patients and 43 healthy controls and trace their origin. We identify GlcNAc-6-P which has good diagnostic capability and can be used as potential biomarkers for CHD, together with mannitol and 15 plasma cholines. These identified metabolites show significant correlations with clinical biochemical indexes. Meanwhile, GlcNAc-6-P and mannitol are potential metabolites originated from intestinal microbiota. Association analysis on species and function levels between intestinal microbes and metabolites suggest a close correlation between Clostridium sp. HGF2 and GlcNAc-6-P, Clostridium sp. HGF2, Streptococcus sp. M143, Streptococcus sp. M334 and mannitol. These suggest the metabolic abnormality is significant and gut microbiota dysbiosis happens in CHD patients.
Akt mediated phosphorylation of LARP6; critical step in biosynthesis of type I collagen
Authors: Zhang Yujie , Stefanovic Branko 
Published: March 2016

AbstractLa ribonucleoprotein domain family, member 6 (LARP6) is the RNA binding protein, which regulates translation of collagen mRNAs and synthesis of type I collagen. Posttranslational modifications of LARP6 and how they affect type I collagen synthesis have not been studied. We show that in lung fibroblasts LARP6 is phosphorylated at 8 serines, 6 of which are located within C-terminal domain. Phosphorylation of LARP6 follows a hierarchical order; S451 phosphorylation being a prerequisite for phosphorylations of other serines. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway reduced the phosphorylation of LARP6, but had no effect on the S451A mutant, suggesting that PI3K/Akt pathway targets S451 and we have identified Akt as the responsible kinase. Overexpression of S451A mutant had dominant negative effect on collagen biosynthesis; drastically reduced secretion of collagen and induced hyper-modifications of collagen α2 (I) polypeptides. This indicates that LARP6 phosphorylation at S451 is critical for regulating translation and folding of collagen polypeptides. Akt inhibitor, GSK-2141795, which is in clinical trials for treatment of solid tumors, reduced collagen production by human lung fibroblasts with EC50 of 150 nM. This effect can be explained by inhibition of LARP6 phosphorylation and suggests that Akt inhibitors may be effective in treatment of various forms of fibrosis.
Rapid and Checkable Electrical Post-Treatment Method for Organic Photovoltaic Devices
Authors: Park Sangheon , Seo Yu-Seong , Shin Won Suk , Moon Sang-Jin , Hwang Jungseek 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPost-treatment processes improve the performance of organic photovoltaic devices by changing the microscopic morphology and configuration of the vertical phase separation in the active layer. Thermal annealing and solvent vapor (or chemical) treatment processes have been extensively used to improve the performance of bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. In this work we introduce a new post-treatment process which we apply only electrical voltage to the BHJ-OPV devices. We used the commercially available P3HT [Poly(3-hexylthiophene)] and PC61BM (Phenyl-C61-Butyric acid Methyl ester) photovoltaic materials as donor and acceptor, respectively. We monitored the voltage and current applied to the device to check for when the post-treatment process had been completed. This electrical treatment process is simpler and faster than other post-treatment methods, and the performance of the electrically treated solar cell is comparable to that of a reference (thermally annealed) device. Our results indicate that the proposed treatment process can be used efficiently to fabricate high-performance BHJ-OPV devices.
Validation of the Chinese Translation of the Spatial Hearing Questionnaire and Its Short Form
Authors: Ou Hua , Wen Bei , Perreau Ann , Kim Elaine , Tyler Richard 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
Few questionnaires address how to measure spatial hearing ability in complex listening situations. The purpose of the study was (a) to validate the Chinese translation of the Spatial Hearing Questionnaire (C-SHQ) among Chinese participants and (b) to provide a shortened version for the purpose of clinical screening.

Method
This was a cross-sectional study. The C-SHQ was developed from the process of translation and back-translation of the original 24-item, English version (Tyler, Perreau, & Ji, 2009). The C-SHQ was administered to 146 patients at the Department of Otolaryngology Clinic of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital between October 2013 and May 2014 at Sichuan, China. Exploratory factor analysis and reliability tests were performed for the full version, and confirmatory factor analysis was applied for the shortened version of the C-SHQ.

Results
The exploratory factor analysis revealed scores loaded on 3 similar factors compared with the original SHQ. The internal consistency reliability was high (Cronbach's α = 0.99). The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a shortened version of 12 items is sufficient to measure spatial hearing abilities.

Conclusions
The C-SHQ and its short form are both reliable and valid questionnaires, which are suitable for both research and clinical settings to measure spatial hearing ability in the Chinese population.
Joint optimal power allocation and relay selection to establish secure transmission in uplink transmission of untrusted relays network
Authors: Kuhestani Ali , Mohammadi Abbas , Masoudi Meysam 
Published: March 2016

In this paper, the authors deal with secure transmission in two‐hop amplify‐and‐forward network with untrusted relays. To prevent the untrusted relays from intercepting the source message and to achieve positive secrecy rate, the destination‐based cooperative jamming technique is used. The authors propose joint secure best relay selection (BRS) and optimal power allocation (OPA) for uplink transmission of a cellular network when the base station is equipped with very large‐scale antenna arrays. Then, the common performance metrics such as ergodic secrecy rate (ESR) and secrecy outage probability are evaluated for the optimised network. Moreover, the diversity order and diversity‐multiplexing tradeoff of the system are examined. The authors obtain that the diversity order of joint BRS and OPA scenario is equal to number of relays. Finally, some numerical and simulation results are presented to validate the theoretical analysis and to show the advantages offered by the presented systems. They reveal interesting results that, by increasing number of untrusted relay nodes, the system performance improves. For example, for target ESR 2 bits/s/Hz and ten untrusted relay nodes, the optimised network saves about 5 dB for uplink transmission, in comparison with the system applying the BRS and equal power allocation.
Judicial Review of Executive Power in the Singaporean Context, 1965–2012
Authors: Chua Lynette J. , Haynie Stacia L. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis article provides the first empirical analysis of court decisions that review the exercise of executive power, or judicial review, in Singapore, a single-party-dominated state known for its use of law to achieve economic progress and curtail civil-political liberties. Our findings suggest that judicial review could have the effect of buttressing the ruling party’s legitimacy while deferring to the executive’s curtailment of dissent and civil-political liberties, thus reinforcing the political status quo. We also find judicial review to be a scarcely utilized recourse. The article contributes to the study of law and courts, particularly administrative law in nonliberal regimes.
Final report on bilateral supplementary comparison APMP.M.P-S5 in hydraulic gauge pressure from 1 MPa to 10 MPa
Authors: Yue J , Yang Y , Sabuga W 
Published: March 2016

This report summarizes the results of the Asia-Pacific Metrology Programme (APMP) supplementary comparison APMP.M.P-S5 for hydraulic gauge pressure in the range of 1 MPa to 10 MPa, which is a bilateral comparison carried out at the National Institute of Metrology, China (NIM) and the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Germany (PTB) during the period June 2014 to June 2015. NIM piloted the comparison and provided the transfer standard, which was a piston-cylinder assembly (PCA) of 1 cm2 nominal effective area built in a hydraulic pressure balance manufactured by Fluke Corporation. The laboratory standards of NIM and PTB are both hydraulic pressure balances equipped with PCAs, of which the nominal effective area is 1 cm2 for NIM and 5 cm2 for PTB. The results of the comparison successfully demonstrated that the hydraulic gauge pressure standards of NIM and PTB in the range of 1 MPa to 10 MPa are equivalent within their claimed uncertainties.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Maximization of ICRF power by SOL density tailoring with local gas injection
Authors: Jacquet P. , Goniche M. , Bobkov V. , Lerche E. , Pinsker R.I. , Pitts R.A. , Zhang W. , Colas L. , Hosea J. , Moriyama S. , Wang S.-J. , Wukitch S. , Zhang X. , Bilato R. , Bufferand H. , Guimarais L. , Faugel H. , Hanson G.R. , Kocan M. , Monakhov I. , Noterdaeme J.-M. , Petrzilka V. , Shaw A. , Stepanov I. , Sips A.C.C. , Van Eester D. , Wauters T. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Experiments have been performed under the coordination of the International Tokamak Physics Activity (ITPA) on several tokamaks, including ASDEX Upgrade (AUG), JET and DIII-D, to characterize the increased Ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) antenna loading achieved by optimizing the position of gas injection relative to the RF antennas. On DIII-D, AUG and JET (with the ITER-Like Wall) a 50% increase in the antenna loading was observed when injecting deuterium in ELMy H-mode plasmas using mid-plane inlets close to the powered antennas instead of divertor injection and, with smaller improvement when using gas inlets located at the top of the machine. The gas injection rate required for such improvements (~0.7  ×  1022 el s−1 in AUG, ~1.0  ×  1022 el s−1 in JET) is compatible with the use of this technique to optimize ICRF heating during the development of plasma scenarios and no degradation of confinement was observed when using the mid-plane or top inlets compared with divertor valves. An increase in the scrape-off layer (SOL) density was measured when switching gas injection from divertor to outer mid-plane or top. On JET and DIII-D, the measured SOL density increase when using main chamber puffing is consistent with the antenna coupling resistance increase provided that the distance between the measurement lines of sight and the injection location is taken into account. Optimized gas injection was also found to be beneficial for reducing tungsten (W) sputtering at the AUG antenna limiters, and also to reduce slightly the W and nickel (Ni) content in JET plasmas. Modeling the specific effects of divertor/top/mid-plane injection on the outer mid-plane density was carried out using both the EDGE2D-EIRENE and EMC3-EIRENE plasma boundary code packages; simulations indeed indicate that outer mid-plane gas injection maximizes the density in the mid-plane close to the injection point with qualitative agreement with the AUG SOL density measurements for EMC3-EIRENE. Field line tracing for ITER in the 15 MA Q
DT  =  10 reference scenario indicates that the planned gas injection system could be used to tailor the density in front the antennas. Benchmarking of EMC3-EIRENE against AUG and JET data is planned as a first step towards the ITER SOL modelling required to quantify the effect of gas injection on the SOL density in front of the antennas.
Investigations of turbulent transport and intrinsic torque of toroidal momentum at the edge of J-TEXT tokamak with electrode biasing
Authors: Sun Yue , Chen Z.P. , Zhuang G. , Wang L. , Liu H. , Wang Z.J. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The influences of electrode biasing (EB) on toroidal rotation and turbulent (toroidal) momentum transport at the plasma edge have been experimentally studied in the J-TEXT tokamak. In the absence of bias (i.e. the bias current I
b  =  0 A), plasma toroidal rotation at the edge of the confined region is intrinsically towards the co-I
p direction (parallel to plasma current); in the presence of bias, edge rotation can be greatly modified, and shows positive correlation with the bias current. As the dominant term in the turbulent momentum flux, the toroidal-radial Reynolds stress term is found to give rise to an intrinsic torque in the experiments. The local momentum balance is provided by a viscous damping-like term on the velocity. Moreover, the existence of intrinsic torque at the edge is directly verified by cancelling out the local rotation under negative bias (I
b  ≈  −60 A). The corresponding intrinsic torque density at the plasma edge is about 0.65 N m−2, in the co-I
p direction. Further comparison shows that this intrinsic torque can be reasonably explained by the measured residual stress, providing direct evidence for the hypothesis that the residual stress is the origin of the intrinsic rotation.
Rectifiability and elliptic measures on 1-sided NTA domains with Ahlfors-David regular boundaries
Authors: Akman Murat , Badger Matthew , Hofmann Steve , Martell José María 
Published: March 2016

Let

Ω
⊂

R

n
+
1

\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^{n+1}

,

n
≥
2

n\geq 2

, be a 1-sided NTA domain (also known as a uniform domain), i.e., a domain which satisfies interior corkscrew and Harnack chain conditions, and assume that

∂
Ω

\partial \Omega

is

n
n

-dimensional Ahlfors-David regular. We characterize the rectifiability of

∂
Ω

\partial \Omega

in terms of the absolute continuity of surface measure with respect to harmonic measure. We also show that these are equivalent to the fact that

∂
Ω

\partial \Omega

can be covered

H

n

\mathcal {H}^n

-a.e. by a countable union of portions of boundaries of bounded chord-arc subdomains of

Ω
\Omega

and to the fact that

∂
Ω

\partial \Omega

possesses exterior corkscrew points in a qualitative way

H

n

\mathcal {H}^n

-a.e. Our methods apply to harmonic measure and also to elliptic measures associated with real symmetric second order divergence form elliptic operators with locally Lipschitz coefficients whose derivatives satisfy a natural qualitative Carleson condition.
The influence of normal stress and sliding velocity on the frictional behaviour of calcite at room temperature: insights from laboratory experiments and microstructural observations
Authors: Carpenter B.M. , Collettini C. , Viti C. , Cavallo A. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The presence of calcite in and near faults, as the dominant material, cement, or vein fill, indicates that the mechanical behaviour of carbonate-dominated material likely plays an important role in shallow- and mid-crustal faulting. To better understand the behaviour of calcite, under loading conditions relevant to earthquake nucleation, we sheared powdered gouge of Carrara Marble, >98 per cent CaCO3, at constant normal stresses between 1 and 100 MPa under water-saturated conditions at room temperature. We performed slide-hold-slide tests, 1–3000 s, to measure the amount of static frictional strengthening and creep relaxation, and velocity-stepping tests, 0.1–1000 μm s–1, to evaluate frictional stability. We observe that the rates of frictional strengthening and creep relaxation decrease with increasing normal stress and diverge as shear velocity is increased from 1 to 3000 μm s–1 during slide-hold-slide experiments. We also observe complex frictional stability behaviour that depends on both normal stress and shearing velocity. At normal stresses less than 20 MPa, we observe predominantly velocity-neutral friction behaviour. Above 20 MPa, we observe strong velocity-strengthening frictional behaviour at low velocities, which then evolves towards velocity-weakening friction behaviour at high velocities. Microstructural analyses of recovered samples highlight a variety of deformation mechanisms including grain size reduction and localization, folding of calcite grains and fluid-assisted diffusion mass transfer processes promoting the development of calcite nanograins in the highly deformed portions of the experimental fault. Our combined analyses indicate that calcite fault gouge transitions from brittle to semi-brittle behaviour at high normal stress and slow sliding velocities. This transition has important implications for earthquake nucleation and propagation on faults in carbonate-dominated lithologies.
A Model for Integrating Ambulatory Surgery Centers Into an Academic Health System Using a Novel Ambulatory Surgery Coordinating Council
Authors: Ishii Lisa , Pronovost Peter J. , Demski Renee , Wylie Gill , Zenilman Michael 
Published: March 2016

Problem
An increasing volume of ambulatory surgeries has led to an increase in the number of ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs). Some academic health systems have aligned with ASCs to create a more integrated care delivery system. Yet, these centers are diverse in many areas, including specialty types, ownership models, management, physician employment, and regulatory oversight. Academic health systems then face challenges in integrating these ASCs into their organizations.

Approach
Johns Hopkins Medicine created the Ambulatory Surgery Coordinating Council in 2014 to manage, standardize, and promote peer learning among its eight ASCs. The Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality provided support and a model for this organization through its quality management infrastructure. The physician-led council defined a mission and created goals to identify best practices, uniformly provide the highest-quality patient-centered care, and continuously improve patient outcomes and experience across ASCs.

Outcomes
Council members built trust and agreed on a standardized patient safety and quality dashboard to report measures that include regulatory, care process, patient experience, and outcomes data. The council addressed unintentional outcomes and process variation across the system and agreed to standard approaches to optimize quality. Council members also developed a process for identifying future goals, standardizing care practices and electronic medical record documentation, and creating quality and safety policies.

Next Steps
The early success of the council supports the continuation of the Armstrong Institute model for physician-led quality management. Other academic health systems can learn from this model as they integrate ASCs into their complex organizations.