bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of diet‐induced weight loss on muscle strength in adults with overweight or obesity – a systematic review and meta‐analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Zibellini J. , Seimon R. V. , Lee C. M. Y. , Gibson A. A. , Hsu M. S. H. , Sainsbury A. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryWe conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to identify how diet‐induced weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity impacts on muscle strength. Twenty‐seven publications, including 33 interventions, most of which were 8–24 weeks in duration, were included. Meta‐analysis of seven interventions measuring knee extensor strength by isokinetic dynamometry in 108 participants found a significant decrease following diet‐induced weight loss (−9.0 [95% confidence interval: −13.8, −4.1] N/m, P < 0.001), representing a 7.5% decrease from baseline values. Meta‐analysis of handgrip strength from 10 interventions in 231 participants showed a non‐significant decrease (−1.7 [−3.6, 0.1] kg, P = 0.070), with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 83.9%, P < 0.001). This heterogeneity may have been due to diet type, because there was a significant decrease in handgrip strength in seven interventions in 169 participants involving moderate energy restriction (−2.4 [−4.8, −0.0] kg, P = 0.046), representing a 4.6% decrease from baseline values, but not in three interventions in 62 participants involving very‐low‐energy diet (−0.4 [−2.0, 1.2] kg, P = 0.610). Because of variability in methodology and muscles tested, no other data could be meta‐analyzed, and qualitative assessment of the remaining interventions revealed mixed results. Despite varying methodologies, diets and small sample sizes, these findings suggest a potential adverse effect of diet‐induced weight loss on muscle strength. While these findings should not act as a deterrent against weight loss, due to the known health benefits of losing excess weight, they call for strategies to combat strength loss – such as weight training and other exercises – during diet‐induced weight loss. © 2016 World Obesity
Subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Authors: Sereflican M , Sereflican B , Dagistan E , Goksugur N , Kizildag B 
Published: April 2016

ObjectiveRecurrent aphtous stomatitis (RAS) is an inflammatory oral mucosal disease. It has been known that inflammatory cascade plays important role in the atherosclerotic process. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between subclinical atherosclerotic findings and a systemic inflammatory disease, RAS.MethodsIn total, 32 patients with RAS were matched with 30 control subjects on the basis of age, sex, and major cardiovascular risk factors. Laboratory parameters including lipid profiles were determined for patients and controls. B‐mode ultrasonography was used to assess carotid extra‐medial thickness (cEMT) and carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT).ResultsBoth cEMT and cIMT in the RAS group were significantly higher than in the control group (P = 0.002 and 0.013, respectively). There was a significant positive correlation between cIMT and cEMT (r = 0.381, P = 0.034). cIMT was positively correlated with age, triglyceride levels, and systolic blood pressure, while cEMT was positively correlated with age in patients with RAS.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first reported study to evaluate cEMT and cIMT in patients with RAS. This study presents morphological evidence of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with RAS. Further studies investigating the relationship between atherosclerosis and RAS are needed.
Fine‐Needle Aspiration as a Method of Diagnosis of Subcutaneous Fat Necrosis of the Newborn
Authors: Schubert Pawel Tomasz , Razak Rubina , Jordaan Henry Francois 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA 5‐day‐old boy presented with cellulitis‐like, fluctuant lesions since birth. Clinically, subcutaneous fat necrosis was suspected, but an infective lesion could not be excluded. By performing a fine‐needle aspiration biopsy, a diagnosis was established within minutes.
Anesthetic management of a pediatric patient with pulmonary arteriovenous fistula undergoing liver transplantation – a case report
Authors: Lee Ho‐Jin , Lee Jung‐Man , Jung Chul‐Woo , Lee Jiwon 
Published: April 2016

AbstractFor patients with HPS who require anesthesia for a procedure, HPV should be maintained to prevent worsening hypoxemia. Here, the case of a 9‐yr‐old girl who was scheduled for a living donor liver transplantation is presented. The patient suffered from end‐stage liver disease with HPS due to biliary atresia, which contributed to the development of a diffuse pulmonary AVF. Consequently, anesthetic management of this patient involved two different types of pulmonary shunt. It is important to maintain HPV, not only to prevent worsening of the hypoxia caused by HPS but also to inhibit an increase in PVR that could cause an increase of shunt flow through the pathological fistula. A TIVA technique was performed, and a nitrous oxide inhaler was prepared in case of a possible increase in PVR during the reperfusion period. There were no adverse events during the operation. Thus, anesthesiologists should be aware of the pathophysiological status of HPS and its potential to progress to a pulmonary AVF in order to meticulously determine an anesthesia plan that accounts for the hypoxia and PVR that are associated with HPS.
Angelica archangelia Prevented Collagen Degradation by Blocking Production of Matrix Metalloproteinases in UVB‐exposed Dermal Fibroblasts
Authors: Sun Zhengwang , Hwang Eunson , Park Sang Yong , Zhang Mengyang , Gao Wei , Lin Pei , Yi Tae‐Hoo 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAngelica archangelia (AA), a traditional herb, has attracted attention as an agent with potential for use in the prevention of chronic skin diseases. This study examined the photoprotective effects of AA on the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and collagen degradation in UVB‐irradiated normal human dermal fibroblasts. Our results showed that AA markedly blocked collagen degradation by restraining the production of MMPs in UVB‐exposed fibroblasts. We also investigated the underlying mechanism behind the effects of AA. AA attenuated UVB‐triggered interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and promoted the expression of transforming growth factor β1. Application of AA extract (10, 100 μg mL−1) significantly diminished UVB‐induced extracellular signal‐regulated kinase and Jun‐N‐terminal kinase phosphorylation, which consequently reduced phosphorylated c‐Fos and c‐Jun. Our results indicated that AA inhibited the UVB‐induced expression of MMPs by inhibiting mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathways and activator protein‐1 activation. Our results suggest that AA is a promising botanical agent for use against skin photoaging.
We Wait Too Long to Refer Patients for Transplantation
Authors: Peev Vasil 
Published: April 2016

AbstractLate referral of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) for evaluation of kidney transplantation is common. Even though renal transplantation offers a clear survival benefit to patients with advanced CKD and ESRD and should be considered the renal replacement therapy of choice, numerous barriers to early renal transplant referral have been observed. Some of these barriers can be overcome by improving the communication between the referring providers and the transplant centers. Furthermore, providing more intensive education to both patients and referring providers with regard to the eligibility of CKD and ESRD patients for a transplant will likely result in higher referral rates. This in turn will lead to improved survival outcomes in this group of patients with otherwise significantly increased morbidity and mortality.
Eastern European Rurality in a Neo‐Liberal, European Union World
Authors: Swain Nigel 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe article first argues that we live in a neo‐liberal world in that neo‐liberalism has become the economic orthodoxy which informs policy‐making, but that the commitment of the European Union and its Common Agricultural Policy to neo‐liberalism is somewhat ambiguous. It then examines the impact of that ambiguous Common Agricultural Policy on Eastern European rurality in the decade or so since the New Member States joined. In many respects it has resulted in scenarios similar to developments in western Europe, but in one respect a phenomenon that is present throughout the European Union has been amplified dramatically in its eastern half. Overall, the weaknesses that many have identified in the Common Agricultural Policy have been reproduced in the east, but in a more extreme form.
Economic burden of gastrointestinal cancer under the protection of the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme in a region of rural China with high incidence of oesophageal cancer: cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Li Xiang , Cai Hong , Wang Chaoyi , Guo Chuanhai , He Zhonghu , Ke Yang 
Published: April 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the financial burden of oesophageal cancer under the protection of the new Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) and to provide evidence and suggestions to policymakers in a high‐incidence region in China.MethodsWe analysed inpatient claim data for oesophageal cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer from 1 January to 31 December 2013. The data were extracted from the NCMS management system of Hua County, Henan Province, a typical high‐risk region for oesophageal cancer in China. Cancer‐specific health economic indicators were calculated to evaluate the financial burden under the protection of the local NCMS.ResultsThe total cost of oesophageal cancer was 2.7–3.6 times higher than that of gastric cancer and colorectal cancer, respectively, due to high incidence of oesophageal cancer. For each hospitalisation to treat oesophageal cancer, the average total cost and out‐of‐pocket expenses after reimbursement equalled an entire year's gross domestic product per capita and per capita disposable income, respectively, for the local area. The average total cost per hospitalisation for oesophageal cancer increased monotonically with hospital level for surgical hospitalisations, and it increased more rapidly for non‐surgical hospitalisations (from $301 to $2589, 860%) than for gastric cancer (from $289 to $1453, 503%) and colorectal cancer (from $359 to $1610, 448%). Vulnerable groups with less access to high‐level hospitals were found in different gender and age groups.ConclusionsOesophageal cancer imposes serious financial burdens on communities and patients' households in this high‐incidence region, and no preferential policy from the local NCMS has been designed to address this issue. A special supportive policy should be developed on the basis of local disease profiles and population characteristics to alleviate the financial burden of populations at high risk for certain high‐cost diseases.
Accounting for the Differences Between Gross and Value Added Trade Balances
Authors: Nagengast Arne J. , Stehrer Robert 
Published: April 2016

AbstractOne of the main stylised facts that has emerged from the recent literature on global value chains is that bilateral trade imbalances in gross terms can differ substantially from those measured in value added terms. However, the factors underlying the extent and sign of the differences between the two measures have so far not been investigated. Here, we propose a novel decomposition of bilateral gross trade balances that accounts for the differences between gross and value added concepts. The bilateral analysis contributes conceptually to the literature on double counting in trade by identifying the trade flow in which value added is actually recorded for the first time in international trade statistics. We apply our decomposition framework to the development of intra‐EU‐27 trade balances from 1995 to 2011 and show that a growing share of intra‐EU bilateral trade balances is due to demand in countries other than the two direct trading partners. The latter accounted for 25 per cent of the total variance of intra‐EU gross bilateral trade balances in 2011, which marks a considerable rise from 3 per cent in 1995.
Aerobic Toluene Degraders in the Rhizosphere of a Constructed Wetland Model Show Diurnal Polyhydroxyalkanoate Metabolism
Authors: Lünsmann Vanessa , Kappelmeyer Uwe , Taubert Anja , Nijenhuis Ivonne , von Bergen Martin , Heipieper Hermann J. , Müller Jochen A. , Jehmlich Nico 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT

Constructed wetlands (CWs) are successfully applied for the treatment of waters contaminated with aromatic compounds. In these systems, plants provide oxygen and root exudates to the rhizosphere and thereby stimulate microbial degradation processes. Root exudation of oxygen and organic compounds depends on photosynthetic activity and thus may show day-night fluctuations. While diurnal changes in CW effluent composition have been observed, information on respective fluctuations of bacterial activity are scarce. We investigated microbial processes in a CW model system treating toluene-contaminated water which showed diurnal oscillations of oxygen concentrations using metaproteomics. Quantitative real-time PCR was applied to assess diurnal expression patterns of genes involved in aerobic and anaerobic toluene degradation. We observed stable aerobic toluene turnover by
Burkholderiales
during the day and night. Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthesis was upregulated in these bacteria during the day, suggesting that they additionally feed on organic root exudates while reutilizing the stored carbon compounds during the night via the glyoxylate cycle. Although mRNA copies encoding the anaerobic enzyme benzylsuccinate synthase (
bssA
) were relatively abundant and increased slightly at night, the corresponding protein could not be detected in the CW model system. Our study provides insights into diurnal patterns of microbial processes occurring in the rhizosphere of an aquatic ecosystem.

IMPORTANCE
Constructed wetlands are a well-established and cost-efficient option for the bioremediation of contaminated waters. While it is commonly accepted knowledge that the function of CWs is determined by the interplay of plants and microorganisms, the detailed molecular processes are considered a black box. Here, we used a well-characterized CW model system treating toluene-contaminated water to investigate the microbial processes influenced by diurnal plant root exudation. Our results indicated stable aerobic toluene degradation by members of the
Burkholderiales
during the day and night. Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthesis in these bacteria was higher during the day, suggesting that they additionally fed on organic root exudates and reutilized the stored carbon compounds during the night. Our study illuminates microbial processes occurring in the rhizosphere of an aquatic ecosystem.
Next-Generation Sequencing Confirms Presumed Nosocomial Transmission of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the Netherlands
Authors: Bosch Thijs , Witteveen Sandra , Haenen Anja , Landman Fabian , Schouls Leo M. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT

Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(LA-MRSA) was detected in 2003 and rapidly became the predominant MRSA clade in the Netherlands. Studies have shown that transmissions are difficult to identify, since this MRSA variant represents a genetically homogenous clade when current typing techniques are used. Here, next-generation sequencing was performed on 206 LA-MRSA isolates to assess the capability of LA-MRSA to be transmitted between humans. The usefulness of single nucleotide variants (SNVs), the composition of the SCC
mec
region, and the presence of plasmids to identify transmission of LA-MRSA were assessed. In total, 30 presumed putative nosocomial transmission events and 2 LA-MRSA outbreaks were studied; in most cases, SNV analysis revealed that the isolates of the index patient and the contact(s) clustered closely together. In three presumed events, the isolates did not cluster together, indicating that transmission was unlikely. The composition of the SCC
mec
region corroborated these findings. However, plasmid identification did not support our SNV analysis, since different plasmids were present in several cases where SNV and SCC
mec
analysis suggested that transmission was likely. Next-generation sequencing shows that transmission of LA-MRSA does occur in Dutch health care settings. Transmission was identified based on SNV analysis combined with epidemiological data and in the context of epidemiologically related and unrelated isolates. Analysis of the SCC
mec
region provided limited, albeit useful, information to corroborate conclusions on transmissions, but plasmid identification did not.

IMPORTANCE
In 2003, a variant of methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) isolated from pigs was also found in pig farmers in France and the Netherlands. Soon thereafter, this livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA) was identified in many other countries. Transmission of LA-MRSA between humans, particularly in the health care setting, is regarded to occur sporadically. Moreover, studies that describe LA-MRSA transmission used molecular characterization of isolates with limited discriminatory power, making the validity of the conclusion that transmission occurred questionable. In our study, we sequenced the complete genomes of 206 LA-MRSA isolates, obtained from more than 30 presumed LA-MRSA transmission events. Analysis of the data showed that transmission of LA-MRSA between humans had indeed occurred in more than 90% of these events. We conclude that transmission of LA-MRSA between humans does occur in Dutch health care settings; therefore, a decision to discontinue the search and destroy policy for LA-MRSA should be taken with caution.
The relationship and effects of golf on physical and mental health: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Murray A , Daines L , Archibald D , Hawkes R , Grant L , Mutrie N 
Published: April 2016

IntroductionGolf is a sport played in 206 countries worldwide by over 50 million people. It is possible that participation in golf, which is a form of physical activity, may be associated with effects on longevity, the cardiovascular, metabolic and musculoskeletal systems, as well as on mental health and well-being. We outline our scoping review protocol to examine the relationships and effects of golf on physical and mental health.Methods and analysisBest practice methodological frameworks suggested by Arksey and O'Malley, Levacet aland the Joanna Briggs Institute will serve as our guide, providing clarity and rigour. A scoping review provides a framework to (1) map the key concepts and evidence, (2) summarise and disseminate existing research findings to practitioners and policymakers and (3) identify gaps in the existing research. A three-step search strategy will identify reviews as well as original research, published and grey literature. An initial search will identify suitable search terms, followed by a search using keyword and index terms. Two reviewers will independently screen identified studies for final inclusion.DisseminationWe will map key concepts and evidence, and disseminate existing research findings to practitioners and policymakers through peer-reviewed and non-peer reviewed publications, conferences and in-person communications. We will identify priorities for further study. This method may prove useful to examine the relationships and effects of other sports on health.
HUWE1 mutations in Juberg-Marsidi and Brooks syndromes: the results of an X-chromosome exome sequencing study
Authors: Friez Michael J , Brooks Susan Sklower , Stevenson Roger E , Field Michael , Basehore Monica J , Adès Lesley C , Sebold Courtney , McGee Stephen , Saxon Samantha , Skinner Cindy , Craig Maria E , Murray Lucy , Simensen Richard J , Yap Ying Yzu , Shaw Marie A , Gardner Alison , Corbett Mark , Kumar Raman , Bosshard Matthias , van Loon Barbara , Tarpey Patrick S , Abidi Fatima , Gecz Jozef , Schwartz Charles E 
Published: April 2016

BackgroundX linked intellectual disability (XLID) syndromes account for a substantial number of males with ID. Much progress has been made in identifying the genetic cause in many of the syndromes described 20–40 years ago. Next generation sequencing (NGS) has contributed to the rapid discovery of XLID genes and identifying novel mutations in known XLID genes for many of these syndromes.Methods2 NGS approaches were employed to identify mutations in X linked genes in families with XLID disorders. 1 involved exome sequencing of genes on the X chromosome using the Agilent SureSelect Human X Chromosome Kit. The second approach was to conduct targeted NGS sequencing of 90 known XLID genes.ResultsWe identified the same mutation, a c.12928 G>C transversion in theHUWE1gene, which gives rise to a p.G4310R missense mutation in 2 XLID disorders: Juberg-Marsidi syndrome (JMS) and Brooks syndrome. Although the original families with these disorders were considered separate entities, they indeed overlap clinically. A third family was also found to have a novelHUWE1mutation.ConclusionsAs we identified aHUWE1mutation in an affected male from the original family reported by Juberg and Marsidi, it is evident the syndrome does not result from a mutation inATRXas reported in the literature. Additionally, our data indicate that JMS and Brooks syndromes are allelic having the sameHUWE1mutation.
Prognostic models in acute pulmonary embolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Elias Antoine , Mallett Susan , Daoud-Elias Marie , Poggi Jean-Noël , Clarke Mike 
Published: April 2016

ObjectiveTo review the evidence for existing prognostic models in acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and determine how valid and useful they are for predicting patient outcomes.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesOVID MEDLINE and EMBASE, and The Cochrane Library from inception to July 2014, and sources of grey literature.Eligibility criteriaStudies aiming at constructing, validating, updating or studying the impact of prognostic models to predict all-cause death, PE-related death or venous thromboembolic events up to a 3-month follow-up in patients with an acute symptomatic PE.Data extractionStudy characteristics and study quality using prognostic criteria. Studies were selected and data extracted by 2 reviewers.Data analysisSummary estimates (95% CI) for proportion of risk groups and event rates within risk groups, and accuracy.ResultsWe included 71 studies (44 298 patients). Among them, 17 were model construction studies specific to PE prognosis. The most validated models were the PE Severity Index (PESI) and its simplified version (sPESI). The overall 30-day mortality rate was 2.3% (1.7% to 2.9%) in the low-risk group and 11.4% (9.9% to 13.1%) in the high-risk group for PESI (9 studies), and 1.5% (0.9% to 2.5%) in the low-risk group and 10.7% (8.8% to12.9%) in the high-risk group for sPESI (11 studies). PESI has proved clinically useful in an impact study. Shifting the cut-off or using novel and updated models specifically developed for normotensive PE improves the ability for identifying patients at lower risk for early death or adverse outcome (0.5–1%) and those at higher risk (up to 20–29% of event rate).ConclusionsWe provide evidence-based information about the validity and utility of the existing prognostic models in acute PE that may be helpful for identifying patients at low risk. Novel models seem attractive for the high-risk normotensive PE but need to be externally validated then be assessed in impact studies.