bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence for a lipofibroblast-to-Cthrc1+myofibroblast reversible switch during the development and resolution of lung fibrosis in young mice
Authors: Lingampally Arun , Truchi Marin , Mauduit Olivier , Delcroix Vanessa , Vasquez-Pacheco Esmeralda , Gautier-Isola Marine , Chu Xuran , Khadim Ali , Chao Cho-Ming , Zabihi Mahsa , Taghizadeh Sara , Rivetti Stefano , Marega Manuela , Moiseenko Alena , Hadzic Stefan , Vazquez-Armendariz Ana Ivonne , Herold Susanne , Günther Stefan , Millar-Büchner Pamela , Koepke Janine , Samakovlis Christos , Wilhelm Jochen , Bartkuhn Marek , Braun Thomas , Weissmann Norbert , Zhang JinSan , Wygrecka Malgorzata , Makarenkova Helen P. , Günther Andreas , Seeger Werner , Chen Chengshui , El Agha Elie , Mari Bernard , Bellusci Saverio 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundFibrosis is often associated with aberrant repair mechanisms that ultimately lead to organ failure. In the lung, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal form of interstitial lung disease for which there is currently no curative therapy. From the cell biology point of view, the cell of origin and eventual fate of activated myofibroblasts (aMYFs) have taken centre stage, as these cells are believed to drive structural remodelling and lung function impairment. While aMYFs are now widely believed to originate from alveolar fibroblasts, the heterogeneity and ultimate fate of aMYFs during fibrosis resolution remain elusive. We have shown previously that aMYF dedifferentiation and acquisition of a lipofibroblast (LIF)-like phenotype represent a route of fibrosis resolution.MethodsIn this study, we combined genetic lineage tracing and single-cell transcriptomics in mice, and data mining of human IPF datasets to decipher the heterogeneity of aMYFs and investigate differentiation trajectories during fibrosis resolution. Furthermore, organoid cultures were utilised as a functional readout for the alveolar mesenchymal niche activity during various phases of injury and repair in mice.ResultsOur data demonstrate that aMYFs consist of four subclusters displaying unique pro-alveologenicversuspro-fibrotic profiles. Alveolar fibroblasts displaying a high LIF-like signature largely constitute both the origin and fate of aMYFs during fibrogenesis and resolution, respectively. The heterogeneity of aMYFs is conserved in humans and a significant proportion of human aMYFs displays a high LIF signature.ConclusionOur work identifies a subcluster of aMYFs that is potentially relevant for future management of IPF.
Comparison of oronasal and nasal masks in home mechanical ventilation: an observational cohort and bench study
Authors: Fresnel Emeline , Caillard Christian , Lebret Marius , Razakamanantsoa Léa , Kerfourn Adrien , Dupuis Johan , Muir Jean-François , Lhuillier Elodie , El Husseini Kinan , Similowski Thomas , Cuvelier Antoine , Patout Maxime 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundIn patients with chronic respiratory failure, home non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is delivered through oronasal or nasal masks. Masks are a cornerstone for NIV success but can be associated with side-effects. However, the type, frequency and consequences of these side-effects are unknown. Here, we aimed to study the prevalence, nature and impact of mask-related adverse events in a cohort of stable patients. We then investigated differences between oronasal and nasal masks both in our cohort and in a bench study.MethodsThis was a prospective observational cohort including patients established on long-term NIV admitted for their elective review. Data regarding mask-related side-effects were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Our bench study was performed using a three-dimensional printed head connected to an artificial lung.Results800 patients were included, of whom 84% had an oronasal mask. Moderate to very severe mask-related side-effects occurred in 47% of patients and severe to very severe side-effects occurred in 18% of patients. Side-effects were associated with poorer daytime arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (p=0.005), poorer subjective sleep quality (p=0.003) and poorer quality of life (p<0.001). Mask-related side-effects were more frequently reported with the use of oronasal masks compared to nasal masks (p=0.023). Our bench study showed that nasal masks were more stable than oronasal masks (p<0.001).ConclusionsMask-related side-effects are frequent and associated with poorer outcomes. Our data suggest that nasal masks may have a better tolerance profile and should be used as a first-line interface.
Effect of Pulse Current on Interface Microstructure and Bonding Properties of TA1/304 Double-Layer Clad plates
Authors: Guo Xiongwei , Ren Zhongkai , Zhang Pengjie , Zhang Chao , Jiang Shuyong , Zhang Qi , Wang Tao , Huang Qingxue 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIt is difficult to effectively improve the low bonding strength of TA1/304 clad plates. This study proposes a new process for applying pulse current (1500 A, 500 Hz, 50% duty cycle) to TA1/304 clad plates during the rolling process, which changes the interface microstructure and effectively improves the bonding strength of the clad plates. The influence of the pulsed current on the interface microstructure and bonding strength was systematically studied. The results indicate that the clad plate is initially bonded at 750 °C and 35% reduction ratio under electrically-assisted rolling (EAR), and finally the higher bonding strength is obtained at 850 °C and 48% reduction ratio, reaching 395 MPa. The strengthening of the interface element diffusion and grain refinement under the action of the pulsed current are important reasons for the improvement in the bonding strength of the clad plate. This discovery provides new ideas for the preparation of clad plates with high bonding performance.
Extremely high levels of PBDEs in children’s toys from European markets: causes and implications for the circular economy
Authors: Olisah Chijioke , Melymuk Lisa , Audy Ondrej , Kukucka Petr , Pribylova Petra , Boudot Martin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
With the high influx of low-cost plastic toys on the market, there is growing concern about the safety of such toys. Some of these plastic toys contains hazardous chemicals like polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) due to the use of recycled plastics in new toy manufacturing. Here, we investigated if toys marketed in Europe are compliant with EU directives to assess the safety of currently used children's toys and identify implications of PBDE content in toys.

Results
Eighty-four toys purchased from international toy retailers were screened for bromine using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and 11 of those with bromine content higher than 500 µg/g were analyzed for ten PBDEs using GC–HRMS. PBDEs were detected in all 11 toys. Ʃ10PBDE concentrations ranged up to 23.5 mg/g (with a median concentration of 8.61 mg/g), with BDE-209 being the most abundant compound (4.40 mg/g). Eight samples exceeded the EU’s Low POP Content Limit (LPCL) of 500 µg/g for the Ʃ10PBDEs by 6–47 times and the Unintentional Trace Contaminant (UTC) limits of 10 µg/g for Deca-BDE by 12–800 times.

Conclusions
PBDEs were up to percent levels, suggesting direct recycling of flame retarded plastic, e.g., e-waste plastics, into toy components. This is a call for concern and requires intervention from all stakeholders involved in the toy market. Overall, the occurrence of non-compliant toys in the EU market, as indicated in this study is primarily attributed to gaps in regulations, inadequate legislation for recycled plastics, the rise of online sales, complexities in global and national supply chains, and economic challenges. Failure to address these issues will hinder the efforts of the plastics industry to transition into a circular economy. This suggests that more actions are needed to address gaps in cross-border enforcement, and stricter sanctions are required for toy manufacturers who fail to adhere to regulations and safety standards.
Efficiency of dynamic traffic signal control in work zones with shuttle operation: theory and practice
Authors: Mikolášek Igor 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPortable traffic signals with fixed-time signal plans are a common type of traffic control at work zones with shuttle traffic. The most-used alternatives are flagging and intelligent transport systems with traffic-actuated signals. These can provide more efficient traffic control, but existing policies often do little to encourage their practical application. This paper provides a clear and accessible overview of shuttle operations and a comparison of the main signal control types while addressing some knowledge gaps, such as whole-day operation efficiency. The relations between different variables of the signal plan and traffic flow are derived to build a theoretical framework and models for both deterministic and random arrivals to estimate delays and to find the optimal signal plan setting for a wide range of circumstances. The hypothetical scenarios are supported by a case study. Traffic and signal control data from several construction phases of a work zone with shuttle operation were gathered, processed, analysed, and used to compare different control scenarios. The results provide solid evidence for the efficiency of the dynamic systems. The magnitude of the difference is heavily affected by circumstances. The efficiency of the green signal almost doubled with the dynamic control. The case study also revealed a severe impact of road conditions (milling) on the work zone capacity. Several standards and policies are proposed based on the findings to encourage wider and more efficient adoption of traffic-actuated signals in work zones.
Stress management training program to address caregiver burden and perceived stress among family caregivers of patients undergoing hemodialysis: a randomized controlled trial study
Authors: Khouban-Shargh Ramisa , Mirhosseini Seyedmohammad , Ghasempour Saeed , Basirinezhad Mohammad Hasan , Abbasi Ali 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
The objective of the current study was to assess the effectiveness of stress management training, grounded in Lazarus and Folkman’s stress management model, on reducing caregiving burden and perceived stress among family caregivers of patients on hemodialysis.

Methods
This two-group clinical trial study was conducted in parallel design among 60 family caregivers of patients on hemodialysis in 2023. The participants were divided into two groups of training and control using a random quadruple block allocation method. The intervention took place over two months, in six online group sessions of 35–45 min. Zarit Burden Inventory (ZBI) and Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) were used to collect information before and two weeks after the intervention. The study data were analyzed using and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), pair, and independent t-tests at a significance level of 0.05.

Results
At baseline, the two groups exhibited homogeneity in terms of mean scores for caregiving burden (Training group = 50.8 ± 4.9; Control group = 49.1 ± 6.0; P = 0.264) and perceived stress (Training group = 32.8 ± 4.7; Control group = 31.5 ± 2.4; P = 0.192). Nevertheless, following the intervention, there was a significant decrease in caregiving burden (Training group = 45.9 ± 4.1; Control group = 49.0 ± 5.8; P = 0.017) and perceived stress (Training group = 28.0 ± 4.4; Control group = 30.7 ± 3.5; P = 0.01) scores within the training group compared to the control group.

Conclusion
Based on the findings of the current study, given that family caregivers of patients on hemodialysis encounter psychological distress and contend with the negative aspects of care, it is advisable to implement psycho-educational interventions, such as stress management training. Incorporating these interventions into the care plan for hemodialysis could help mitigate these adverse consequences and provide valuable support for family caregivers.

Trial registration
Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT), IRCT20180728040617N6. Registered on 17/04/2023.
Unraveling the brain dynamics of Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder: a dynamic functional network connectivity analysis
Authors: Zheng Sisi , Zhang Francis Xiatian , Shum Hubert P. H. , Zhang Haozheng , Song Nan , Song Mingkang , Jia Hongxiao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder (DPD), a prevalent psychiatric disorder, fundamentally disrupts self-consciousness and could significantly impact the quality of life of those affected. While existing research has provided foundational insights for this disorder, the limited exploration of brain dynamics in DPD hinders a deeper understanding of its mechanisms. It restricts the advancement of diagnosis and treatment strategies. To address this, our study aimed to explore the brain dynamics of DPD.

Methods
In our study, we recruited 84 right-handed DPD patients and 67 healthy controls (HCs), assessing them using the Cambridge Depersonalization Scale and a subliminal self-face recognition task. We also conducted a Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) intervention to understand its effect on brain dynamics, evidenced by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) scans. Our data preprocessing and analysis employed techniques such as Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Dynamic Functional Network Connectivity (dFNC) to establish a comprehensive disease atlas for DPD. We compared the brain's dynamic states between DPDs and HCs using ANACOVA tests, assessed correlations with patient experiences and symptomatology through Spearman correlation analysis, and examined the tDCS effect via paired t-tests.

Results
We identified distinct brain networks corresponding to the Frontoparietal Network (FPN), the Sensorimotor Network (SMN), and the Default Mode Network (DMN) in DPD using group Independent Component Analysis (ICA). Additionally, we discovered four distinct dFNC states, with State-1 displaying significant differences between DPD and HC groups (F = 4.10, P = 0.045). Correlation analysis revealed negative associations between the dwell time of State-2 and various clinical assessment factors. Post-tDCS analysis showed a significant change in the mean dwell time for State-2 in responders (t-statistic = 4.506, P = 0.046), consistent with previous clinical assessments.

Conclusions
Our study suggests the brain dynamics of DPD could be a potential biomarker for diagnosis and symptom analysis, which potentially leads to more personalized and effective treatment strategies for DPD patients.

Trial registrations
The trial was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on 03/01/2021 (Registration number: ChiCTR2100041741, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=66731) before the trial.
Usability and feasibility of an online intervention for older adults to support changes to routines and the home ('Light, activity and sleep in my daily life')
Authors: Gerhardsson Kiran M. , Hassan Mariam , Tornberg Åsa B. , Schmidt Steven M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Indoor lighting, exposure to outdoor daylight, physical activity and sleep interact to influence functioning, mood and cicadian rhythm. Older adults (≥ 65 years), who often spend more time at home, are less physically active and experience more sleep problems, could benefit from strategies to support behavioural change and self-managed modifications in the home. The study’s primary objective was to assess the usability and feasibility of the ‘Light, activity and sleep in my daily life’ intervention, delivered as a web-based course.

Methods
This 9-week intervention was delivered in a municipality in Sweden (55.70° N). Participants were eight healthy women (age 71–84), community-living in one-person households. We recruited through municipal staff and posters at senior citizen meeting points. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected before and after the intervention. The outcome measures were intervention usability (ease of use, usefulness) and study feasibility (e.g., recruitment procedure, online engagement). Measures also included changes to routines and self-managed home adjustments to determine whether the participants applied what they had learnt.

Results
All participants completed the intervention. Time logged in varied between 25 min and 3 h (M = 1 h 50 min) per week. Seven participants’ system usability scores were between 90 and 100 (‘Excellent’) out of 100. When interviewed, participants reported overall high satisfaction with what they had learnt. Six participants were particularly satisfied with the modules targeting light. Seven participants made changes to their lighting or darkness conditions, such as replaced bulbs with either 3-step dimming or higher colour temperature LEDs (samples were included in the intervention test kit). One suggestion to improve the online delivery was to enable participants to add text comments to the weekly evaluation form.

Conclusions
The web-based intervention was feasible to deliver but time for recruitment should be extended and advertisement in the local newspaper should be considered. Participants’ computer proficiency and access to the internet at home will be critical in a future study with a larger sample. Only minor changes to the online content of the intervention are needed based on participants’ feedback. The intervention will be possible to evaluate in a future pilot study.
Ethical use of big data for healthy communities and a strong nation: unique challenges for the Military Health System
Authors: Koehlmoos Tracey Perez , Korona-Bailey Jessica , Elzey Jared , Marshall Brandeis , Shanley Lea A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRecent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) created powerful tools for research, particularly for extracting meaningful insights from extremely large data sets. These developments increase research benefits of big data and risks posed to individual privacy, forcing a re-examination of ethics in research which is of particular importance to the Military Health System. To advance discussion of research ethics in this context, the Forum on Health and National Security: Ethical Use of Big Data for Healthy Communities and a Strong Nation was held in December 2018. The workshop was designed to identify ethical questions relevant to population and health research studies using difficult to access, health-related data in the Department of Defense (DoD). Discussions explored researchers’ ethical obligations to research subjects, particularly in the areas of privacy, trust, and consent, as well as potential methods to improve researchers’ ability to collect, access, and share data while protecting privacy and potential risks to national security. These include creating risk management frameworks and data governance policies, improving education and workplace training, and increasing community involvement in research design and practice. While the workshop was conducted in 2018, the discussion of data ethics is still relevant today. The research agenda of the nation is best served by building ethics into the research ecosystem. There are substantial challenges to fully realizing this goal including commitments of time and funding to address the ethical complexities, train others to understand them, and create appropriate ethical frameworks before research begins.
The relationship between serum HDL-cholesterol, cardiovascular disease and mortality in community-based people with type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle Diabetes Study phase 2
Authors: Davis Timothy M. E. , Chubb S. A. Paul , Davis Wendy A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Older general population-based studies found an inverse association between serum HDL-cholesterol and both cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and mortality, but more recent data have suggested a U-shaped relationship. Whether this applies to type 2 diabetes is uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of serum HDL-cholesterol concentrations in representative, community-based participants from the Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase II (FDS2).

Methods
We followed 1,479 FDS2 participants with confirmed type 2 diabetes (713 females, mean age 65.6 years; 763 males, mean age 65.9 years) from entry (2008–2011) to death/end-2021. Major adverse cardiovascular events (non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), non-fatal stroke, cardiovascular death; 3-point MACE), and all-cause mortality were ascertained from prospectively collected data and validated administrative databases. Independent associates of 3-point MACE by sex, excluding participants with prior MI/stroke, were assessed using Cox and competing risk models with sex-specific quintiles of HDL-cholesterol added to the most parsimonious models. Predictors of all-cause mortality were identified using Cox proportional hazards modelling.

Results
In females, with baseline serum HDL-cholesterol quintile 2 (1.04–1.22 mmol/L) as reference, both quintiles 1 (< 1.04 mmol/L) and 5 (> 1.59 mmol/L) were significant independent predictors of 3-point MACE (P < 0.027) and all-cause death (P < 0.019) after adjustment for a full range of demographic, clinical and laboratory variables. In males, serum HDL-cholesterol quintile did not add to the most parsimonious model for 3-point MACE, but quintile 1 (< 0.90 mmol/L) was a significant predictor of death (P = 0.026 versus quintile 4 (1.15–1.31 mmol/L) as reference) after adjustment. Competing risk analyses for 3-point MACE showed similar results to the Cox models for both sexes.

Conclusion
There was a significant U-shaped relationship between serum HDL-cholesterol and both 3-point MACE and all-cause death in females with type 2 diabetes after adjustment for confounders. There was no such relationship for 3-point MACE in males but a low HDL-cholesterol was associated with all-cause mortality. These data have sex-specific implications for assessment of serum lipid profiles in the clinical management of type 2 diabetes.
The diagnostic performance of neck ultrasound in follow-up of advanced stage differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Munro Vicki , Mustafa Syed , Siddiqi Ferhan S. , Rajaraman Murali , Costa Andreu F. , Imran Syed Ali 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) requires long-term follow-up due to the risk of delayed recurrence. Follow-up surveillance involves serial neck ultrasound (US) and thyroglobulin (Tg); however, the optimal frequency and diagnostic performance of neck US outside of specialized thyroid cancer centres in higher risk patients is not well defined. We sought to evaluate the diagnostic performance of US and serial Tg in advanced stage DTC.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed our thyroid cancer database for patients with stage III and IV DTC from 2006 to 2018, total thyroidectomy, and at least 2 years follow-up to assess recurrence rates. Those with hemi-thyroidectomy or anti-Tg antibodies were excluded. Diagnostic performance of US and Tg were assessed using a composite reference standard of follow-up imaging and pathology. All relevant US were reviewed by a blinded expert radiologist for uniformity.

Results
Of 136 included patients (91 females, mean age 58.9), 26 (19%) had recurrence of DTC over median follow-up of 6.6 years (IQR 5.3–9.3). The sensitivity and specificity of US in diagnosing cervical recurrence were 73.3% (95% CI 0.51–0.96) and 68.3% (95% CI 0.60–0.77) based on historical reports, respectively, and 80% (95% CI 0.60-1.00) and 87.8% (95% CI 0.82–0.93) based on blinded expert review, respectively. Tg had a sensitivity of 95.5% (95% CI 0.89-1.0) and specificity of 96.2% (95% CI 0.92–0.99) in detecting cervical recurrence or distant metastases. False positive US findings on historical US and subsequent review occurred in 38 (28%) and 15 (11%) patients, respectively, while 5 (3.6%) had false positive Tg results.

Conclusion
Serial Tg has better sensitivity and specificity than US for detecting recurrence of advanced stage DTC. Furthermore, re-interpretation of abnormal findings using structured US reporting with a subspecialized reader may improve diagnostic performance of US and improve its utility in clinical care.