bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Laude Patrick 
Published: April 2016

Justice is an essential dimension of religious teachings and religious consciousness. In fact it could be argued that religion, in its central inspiration, is nothing else than the realization of justice. The Gospel of Matthew teaches “seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his justice and all these things shall be added unto you” (Matthew 6 :33). This is an unambiguous indication that justice is primary in the religious search since it flows, or should flow, from the search for God. The Greek word used for justice is in this passage dikaiosyne, which is akin to righteousness and, through its connection to dike, the human reality of law and justice that is born from divine justice.
In Islam, justice stems from the discernment of the shahādah, and the consequent ability to give all realities, all human and non-human beings, their respective due, and sometimes more, in mercy and love. The just are both wise and generous, they embrace both intelligence and love. Their justice is first of all objectivity, or the ability to make abstraction of one's interests, and consequently charity vis-à-vis others that stems from our unity in humanness through the divine “imprint” of our theomorphic nature, and manifests itself in the forms that are most consonant with our respective vocations, destinies and circumstances. The Quran beautifully expresses this conjunction of objectivity and love in one of its most poignant calls for justice: “O ye who believe! Be steadfast witnesses for Allah in equity (qawwāmīn li-llāh shuhudāha bi-l-qist), and let not hatred of any people seduce you that ye deal not justly (allā; ta'dalū). Deal justly (a'dilū), that is nearer to your duty (li-l-taqwa). Observe your duty to Allah. Lo! Allah is informed of what ye do”.
Justice is truth in action. It presupposes an ability to be objective about oneself, and objective about others. It therefore presupposes a degree of command over one's egocentric impulses, as well as, by extension, over one's sentimental identification with a particular group, culture or nation. Justice is an ability to transcend oneself to recognize the right of others. To the extent that religion teaches the ways of transcending oneself it is also all about justice.
Today justice is almost entirely identified with social justice, which is only one of its manifestations. Religions preach justice for all, and particularly for the weak, but they also stress – and that is what distinguishes them most clearly from merely humanistic ethics, that social forms of injustice do not only nor primarily result from external factors, or structures, but from the fundamental inner injustice that gives rise to, and sustains, these very structures and factors. Justice starts at home, in the heart that chooses and loves the true.
The influence of topographic variation on forest structure in two woody plant communities: A remote sensing approach
Authors: Ediriweera Sisira , Danaher Tim , Pathirana Sumith 
Published: April 2016

Aim of study: The study aimed to characterise variation in structural attributes of vegetation in relation to variations in topographic position using LIDAR data over landscapes.Area of study: The study was conducted in open canopy eucalypt-dominated forest (Richmond Range National Park-RRNP) and closed canopy subtropical rainforest (Border Ranges National Park-BRNP) in north-eastern New South Wales, Australia.Material and Methods: one metre resolution digital canopy height model (CHM) was extracted from the LIDAR data and used to estimate maximum overstorey height and crown area. LIDAR fractional cover representing the photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic component of canopy was calculated using LIDAR points aggregated into 50 m spatial bins. Potential solar insolation, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), slope and the elevation were processed using LIDAR derived digital elevation models.Main results: No relationship was found between maximum overstorey height and insolation gradient in the BRNP. Maximum overstorey height decreased with increasing insolation in the RRNP (R2 0.45). Maximum overstorey height increased with increasing TWI in the RRNP. Average crown area decreased with increasing insolation in both study areas. LIDAR fractional cover decreased with increasing insolation (R2 0.54), and increased with increasing TWI (R2 0.57) in the RRNP.Research highlights: The characterization of structural parameters of vegetation in relation to the variation of the topography was possible in eucalyptus dominated open canopy forest. No reportable difference in variation of structural elements of vegetation was detected with topographic variation of subtropical rainforest.
Shifts in soil fungal communities in Tuber melanosporum plantations over a 20-year transition from agriculture fields to oak woodlands
Authors: Bing Liu , Fischer Christine R. , Bonet José-Antonio , Castaño Carles , Colinas Carlos 
Published: April 2016

Aim of study: To explore the diversity of soil fungi found in black truffle (Tuber melanosporum) plantations following the introduction of the mycorrhizal-colonized host tree, (Quercus ilex), through the development of the brûlé and production of mature sporocarps.Area of study: This research was carried out province of Teruel, Aragon (central eastern Spain).Material and Methods: Soil samples from 6 plantations were collected beneath Q. ilex trees inoculated with T. melanosporum, of 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 and 20 years after out planting in truffle plantations. Soil DNA was extracted, PCR-amplified and sequenced to compare soil fungi present at different ages.Main results: As tree age increased, we observed an increased frequency of T. melanosporum (from 8% to 71% of sequenced colonies) and concomitant decrease in the combined frequency of Fusarium spp. and Phoma spp. (from 64% to 3%).Research highlights: There are important shifts in species richness and in functional groups in the soil fungal communities in maturing black truffle-oak woodland plantations. The observed inverse relationship between the frequency of soil endophytic and/or pathogenic fungi and that of the mycorrhizal mutualist T. melanosporum provides support to continue a deeper analysis of shifts in fungal communities and functional groups where there is a transition from agriculture fields to woodlands.Abbreviations used: Ectomycorrhiza (ECM) fungus; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM); Operational taxonomic unit (OTU).
2016/4 Transferee liable for transferor’s overdue pension contributions (NL)
Authors: Even Zef 
Published: April 2016

2016/4 Transferee liable for transferee’s overdue pension contributions (NL)
If both the transferor and transferee are affiliated to one and the same mandatory industry-level pension fund, the transferee is liable vis-à-vis that pension fund for pension contributions (premiums) due but not paid to that fund prior to the date of transfer. A judgment to this effect, which was reported in EELC in 2013/35, was recently confirmed on appeal.
2016/8 A limited company that was a member of an LLP was allowed to bring a claim alleging direct discrimination by the LLP (UK)
Authors: Chan Florence 
Published: April 2016

2016/8 A limited company that was a member of an LLP was allowed to bring a claim alleging direct discrimination by the LLP (UK)
Mr Abrams was a member of a limited liability partnership (LLP) and was due to retire. For tax reasons, shortly before retirement Mr Abrams decided to set up a limited company to take his place as a member of the LLP. This was accepted by the LLP. Mr Abrams’s employment by the LLP was stopped and he no longer had a continuing contractual relationship with it. The limited company, as a member of the LLP, was entitled to receive the profit share that Mr Abrams would have received had he continued as a member. It was also agreed that this limited company would supply the services of an appropriate fee-earner to the LLP (which was, in practice, Mr Abrams).When Mr Abrams reached retirement age, the LLP tried to terminate his services on the basis that he had reached retirement age and the LLP objected to Mr Abrams’s limited company continuing to be a member of the LLP.Mr Abrams and his company brought a claim of age discrimination against the LLP at the Employment Tribunal (ET) and the ET had to decide if a limited company could bring such a claim, which was effectively that it had suffered detrimental treatment because of a protected characteristic of someone with whom it was associated. The ET decided it could and the respondent appealed to the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT).
2016/10 Associative victimisation claim allowed to proceed (UK)
Authors: Bond Anna 
Published: April 2016

2016/10 Associative victimisation claim allowed to proceed (UK)
The Employment Appeal Tribunal (‘EAT’) has allowed a claim of ‘associative victimisation’ to proceed, reversing an Employment Tribunal (‘ET’) judge’s decision to strike it out. Victimisation occurs where someone is subjected to a detriment because of a ‘protected act’ (such as alleging discrimination). In this case, the claimant claimed he had been subjected to a detriment because someone else associated with him had alleged discrimination. The second ET judge to hear the case held that there was not a close enough connection between the claimant and those who made the allegation of discrimination, and struck out the claim. The EAT held that the judge was wrong to find that Mr Thompson was required to show some particular relationship to the person whose protected act was relied upon, and in fact the association could be entirely in the mind of the employer. Association will be a question of fact in each case.This was the first case in the UK to find that it is possible to bring a claim of victimisation by association, and could represent a significant development in UK discrimination law.
2016/13 Compensation for wrongful dismissal includes loss of equity income (LU)
Authors: Molitor Michel 
Published: April 2016

2016/13 Compensation for wrongful dismissal includes loss of equity income (LU)
The compensation for an employee who is a victim of unlawful dismissal should be as comprehensive as possible, but only harm that is directly linked to the dismissal should be compensated. Material damage suffered by an employee in a senior position may include benefits such as profit shares received in his or her position as an equity partner. In this case, the Court of Appeal ordered a firm to pay a former employee the exceptional amount of more than one million Euros in compensation for wrongful dismissal.
2016/14 Compensation in lieu of paid leave, if not time-barred, can be inherited by a deceased employee’s heirs (GE)
Authors: Schreiner Paul , Hellenkemper Dagmar 
Published: April 2016

2016/14 Compensation in lieu of paid leave, if not time-barred, can be inherited by a deceased employee’s heirs (GE)
An employee who does not recover from illness during the calendar year in which he accrues paid leave (the ‘leave year’) and who continues to be incapable of taking that leave, loses the right to take it 15 months after the end of the leave year, i.e. on March 31 of the second calendar year following the leave year. If his employment terminates within that 15 month period, his entitlement to leave converts into a claim for payment in lieu, and as such, can be claimed by his heirs if he dies.
A Quick Assay for the Quantitation of Fumonisin B1 and B2 in Maize Samples by Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Vega Victor A 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
A quick and effective extraction of fumonisin B1 (FB1) and B2 (FB2) in corn samples is described. The samples were extracted with an 80% acetonitrile–water solution, followed by a second extraction using an 80% methanol–water solution. The extract was then subjected to an immunoaffinity column for cleanup. Quantitation was then obtained by LC/MS. LC/MS parameters were optimized resulting in a 3 min run time. Corn certified reference materials (CRMs) at three different levels were analyzed. For the lowest level, a corn CRM sample containing 0.6 ppm of FB1 and 0.1 ppm of FB2 was analyzed. For the midlevel, analysis of a corn CRM sample containing 1.2 ppm FB1 and 0.3 ppm FB2 was conducted. A sample containing 3.6 ppm FB1 and 0.8 ppm FB2 was also analyzed. All recoveries were calculated using an external standard curve. Recoveries from all CRM samples ranged from 70 to 110%. Confirmation for both analytes in the sample extracts at each level was accomplished by comparing MS/MS spectra of the samples against those of the standards. This method provides a rapid, specific, robust, and easily controlled assay for the analysis of fumonisin in corn samples.
Modeling Cystic Fibrosis Using Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Human Pancreatic Ductal Epithelial Cells
Authors: Simsek Senem , Zhou Ting , Robinson Christopher L. , Tsai Su-Yi , Crespo Miguel , Amin Sadaf , Lin Xiangyi , Hon Jane , Evans Todd , Chen Shuibing 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

We established an efficient strategy to direct human pluripotent stem cells, including human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line derived from patients with cystic fibrosis, to differentiate into pancreatic ductal epithelial cells (PDECs). After purification, more than 98% of hESC-derived PDECs expressed functional cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. In addition, iPSC lines were derived from a patient with CF carrying compound frameshift and mRNA splicing mutations and were differentiated to PDECs. PDECs derived from Weill Cornell cystic fibrosis (WCCF)-iPSCs showed defective expression of mature CFTR protein and impaired chloride ion channel activity, recapitulating functional defects of patients with CF at the cellular level. These studies provide a new methodology to derive pure PDECs expressing CFTR and establish a “disease in a dish” platform to identify drug candidates to rescue the pancreatic defects of patients with CF.

Significance
An efficient strategy was established to direct human pluripotent stem cells, including human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and an induced pluripotent stem cell line derived from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF-iPSCs), to differentiate into pancreatic ductal epithelial cells (PDECs). After purification, more than 98% of hESC-PDECs derived from CF-iPSCs showed defective expression of mature cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein and impaired chloride ion channel activity, recapitulating functional pancreatic defects of patients with CF at the cellular level. These studies provide a new methodology for deriving pure PDECs expressing CFTR, and they establish a “disease-in-a-dish” platform for identifying drug candidates to rescue the pancreatic defects of these patients.
Quand les créatifs contestent le crowdsourcing : une approche netnographique
Authors: Renault Sophie 
Published: April 2016

Avec le développement du crowdsourcing , de nombreuses organisations sollicitent les ressources et compétences dont la foule dispose. Pour une organisation, les bénéfices du recours au crowdsourcing apparaissent nombreux. Pourtant, des voix s’élèvent pour en dénoncer le côté obscur, notamment celles de créatifs professionnels qui le considèrent comme la « gangrène » de leur métier. A l’appui d’une démarche netnographique, notre recherche explore les raisons pour lesquelles certains créatifs contestent le crowdsourcing . Nous proposons alors aux plateformes plusieurs pistes de réponse aux critiques auxquelles elles sont confrontées.
Obsolescence perçue, décision de renouveler et destinée des produits : le cas du téléphone portable
Authors: Kreziak Dominique , Prim-Allaz Isabelle , Robinot Élisabeth , Durif Fabien 
Published: April 2016

L’accélération du renouvellement des produits technologiques, avant leur fin de vie technique, est un enjeu économique, sociétal et environnemental majeur. Elle est en partie provoquée par les actions des marques pour rendre leurs gammes rapidement obsolètes. Elle est également liée au remplacement anticipé, par les consommateurs, de produits encore fonctionnels. L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier et de comprendre le destin des produits, du moment de la décision de leur remplacement prise par le consommateur (obsolescence perçue) jusqu’à leur destinée finale. L’étude qualitative menée sur 64 personnes, en utilisant le cas du téléphone portable, a permis d’identifier quatre formes d’obsolescence : technologique, économique, psychologique et sociale. La majorité des répondants garde leur ancien produit, le privant ainsi d’une deuxième vie. Cependant, si l’état du téléphone au moment du changement n’influence pas le fait de le garder ou de s’en débarrasser, il semble influencer la destinée que lui réservent ceux qui décident de s’en débarrasser. Enfin, la nature de la valeur perçue du téléphone portable évolue entre le moment de son remplacement et la décision concernant sa destinée, passant d’une valeur d’usage à une valeur résiduelle.
Les internautes face au gaspillage alimentaire : entre préoccupation et scepticisme
Authors: Le Borgne Guillaume , Sirieix Lucie , Forgeau Fanny , Costa Sandrine , Vo Ngoc Gagneux Cécile 
Published: April 2016

Le gaspillage alimentaire est un sujet de débat occupant une place croissante, en particulier sur le web social. L’analyse détaillée de 252 commentaires d’internautes en réaction à des publications sur le gaspillage alimentaire indique une réelle préoccupation pour le sujet, mais aussi un rejet de la « faute » sur d’autres acteurs, et un certain scepticisme vis-à-vis des campagnes orientées vers le consommateur, pouvant aller jusqu’à un rejet total de ces messages. Cette étude débouche sur des préconisations pour les pouvoirs publics et les entreprises pour l’acceptation des initiatives visant à sensibiliser au gaspillage et à le réduire.
L’impact de la concomitance de troubles liés à la consommation de substance et de troubles de santé mentale sur les comportements à risque en fonction de l’âge
Authors: Coleman-Cowger Victoria H. , Baumer Pamela C. , Dennis Michael L. , Scott Christy K. 
Published: April 2016

Objectif : Examiner la relation entre la concomitance de troubles liés à la consommation de drogues (TCD) et d’autres troubles de santé mentale (ATSM) et une vaste gamme de comportements à risque pour le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine (VIH).
Méthode : Les données sont tirées d’une étude auprès de 17 141 jeunes âgés de 12 à 25 ans entreprenant l’un de 148 programmes de traitement pour adolescents et jeunes adultes aux États-Unis. On a administré aux jeunes l’Évaluation globale des besoins individuels (questionnaire GAIN) au moment de leur entrée dans leur programme et lors d’au moins une visite de suivi trimestrielle sur une période de 12 mois. Parmi les participants, 90 % étaient des adolescents (âgés de 12 à 17 ans), 10 % étaient en phase de transition (âgés de 18 à 25 ans), 72 % étaient de sexe masculin, 39 % étaient d’origine caucasienne, 16 % étaient d’origine afro-américaine, 26 % étaient d’origine hispano-américaine, 3 % étaient d’une autre ethnie et 16 % étaient pluriethniques. Environ 61 % des autoévaluations respectaient le critère de troubles liés à la consommation de drogues (TCD) et d’autres troubles de santé mentale (ATSM) dans l’année précédente, 18 % respectaient celui de TCD seulement et 10 % d’ATSM seulement. Les caractéristiques démographiques et cliniques des jeunes en phase de transition étaient similaires, quoiqu’un plus haut pourcentage de ceux-ci (25 %) ont déclaré un TCD seulement.
Résultats : Dans les deux groupes d’âge, les individus ayant des TCD et d’ATSM concomitants étaient invariablement les plus susceptibles de déclarer les comportements suivants au cours de la dernière année : utilisation de seringues ; partage de seringues ; relation sexuelle non protégée ; multiples partenaires sexuels ; échange de faveurs sexuelles ; partenaires sexuels à risque élevé ; historique de victimisation physique, émotionnelle et sexuelle ; automutilation ; idéation suicidaire ; idées de meurtre ; activités illégales et violence envers les autres. Les jeunes en phase de transition avaient aussi le plus haut taux de visites à l’urgence et un coût pour la société plus important. La concomitance de TCD et d’ATSM a aussi des effets sur les résultats après les traitements. Même si les troubles se manifestent et se terminent avec une gravité accrue dans ce sous-groupe, de l’admission au suivi, celui-ci rapportait les plus importantes baisses dans plusieurs comportements à risque, dans la consommation de drogues, dans les troubles émotifs, dans les activités illégales et dans le coût pour la société.
Discussion : Les répercussions de ces résultats sont discutées et des stratégies potentielles sont suggérées pour améliorer l’efficacité des traitements et les services de soutien au rétablissement pour ces jeunes.
Dépression et toxicomanie à l’adolescence : intervenir ensemble pour prévenir le suicide
Authors: Renaud Johanne , Zanga Jean-Chrysostome , Mikedis Theodora , Blondin-Lavoie Didier 
Published: April 2016

Les multiples défis que pose l’adolescence sont évidents pour tous : place dans la famille, socialisation avec les pairs, apprentissage tant intellectuel, que sportif ou artistique. Qu’en est-il lorsqu’en chemin l’adolescent développe un problème de dépression, une utilisation répétée de substances et un risque suicidaire accru ? La course à obstacles ne fait que commencer pour les proches et les intervenants impliqués, qui peuvent rapidement se sentir submergés par la situation. Comment intervenir efficacement auprès de ces jeunes et de leurs familles ? Cette problématique comporte des enjeux cliniques, psychosociaux et de confidentialité auxquels les différents intervenants sont confrontés. Cet article de réflexion porte sur les pratiques cliniques entourant le traitement des adolescents aux prises avec une dépression, une problématique suicidaire et une utilisation de substances. Celle-ci s’appuie sur notre pratique clinique à l’Institut Douglas dans un programme spécialisé en 2e et 3e lignes dans la prise en charge des adolescents aux prises avec la dépression. L’examen de la littérature scientifique permet d’étoffer cette réflexion. Il nous faut chercher des pistes de solution concertées quant à ces défis de taille, qui peuvent souvent conduire les intervenants en marge de leurs pratiques usuelles. Nous présenterons d’une part les articulations entre la dépression et la toxicomanie à l’adolescence, et réfléchirons d’autre part sur l’amélioration du cadre d’évaluation et d’intervention en lien avec le phénomène du suicide pendant cette phase du développement.