bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical properties of norbornene-based silane treated glass fiber reinforced polydicyclopentadiene composites manufactured by the S-RIM process
Authors: Yoo Hyeong Min , Kwon Dong-Jun , Park Joung-Man , Yum Sang Hyuk , Lee Woo Il 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A lab scale structural reaction injection molding (S-RIM) piece of equipment was designed and used to fabricate glass fiber reinforced polydicyclopentadiene (p-DCPD) composites for three different fiber contents. In order to obtain information regarding the optimal process temperature (>80°C) and the curing time (<30 s), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to investigate the curing behavior of DCPD resin under isothermal conditions. Further, a norbornene-based silane treatment was used to improve the interfacial adhesion between the glass fibers and DCPD as confirmed by the micro-droplet pull-out test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fabrication of glass fiber/p-DCPD composites with improved mechanical properties was carried out based on the optimized process conditions and surface treatment of glass fiber.
Hypoxia-induced microRNA-146a represses Bcl-2 through Traf6/IRAK1 but not Smad4 to promote chondrocyte autophagy
Authors: Chen Guanghui , Gao Xin , Wang Jing , Yang Cheng , Wang Yang , Liu Yonggang , Zou Weiwei , Liu Tielong 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
It has been shown that hypoxia stimulation promotes chondrocytes autophagy partly through HIF-1α, miR-146a and Bcl-2 progressively, and this mechanism represented the connection among hypoxia, miR-146a and autophagy, and provides a possible therapeutic strategy for osteoarthritis. However, the interaction between miR-146a and Bcl-2 is still unclear. Here in a hypoxic environment, we quantified the three reported miR-146a targets: two inflammation related targets Traf6, IRAK1; and the only reported target in chondrocytes Smad4. We confirmed the regulative function of miR-146a between hypoxia and these genes, and explored the Bcl-2 expression and autophagy level under extrinsic up-regulation of these three gene separately. All the three genes were down-regulated by hypoxia. Surprisingly, Traf6 and IRAK, but not the unique Smad4 in chondrocytes, were restored by antagomiR-146a. Both Ad-Traf6 and Ad-IRAK1 reinstated hypoxia or miR-146a repressed Bcl-2. However, Ad-Smad4 did not affect Bcl-2 in hypoxia or normoxia. The autophagy level showed a reverse variability compared to Bcl-2. Taken together, our results provided evidence that Smad4, the unique reported target for miR-146a in chondrocytes is unusually not involved in the chondrocytes autophagy, while the Traf6 and IRAK1 are the new targets for miR-146a in chondrocytes during autophagy.
Interprofessional cooperation by midwives in the field of out-of-hospital obstetrical care: an integrative review / Interprofessionelle Kooperation von Hebammen im Handlungsfeld der ambulanten geburtshilflichen Versorgung: ein integratives Review
Authors: Schlüter-Cruse Martina , Schnepp Wilfried , Sayn-Wittgenstein Friederike zu 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The central objective of early prevention in Germany is an improved cooperation between professional groups of the health services and child and youth welfare in interprofessional networks. This objective derives from the realisation that proper care for families with infants can only be achieved if the various groups act in close integration. The ‘Federal Initiative early prevention’ explicitly calls for freelance midwives to be integrated in this context. However, only a few scientific findings on midwives’ cooperation in networks of early prevention have been published to date. This integrative review aims to identify the central themes of interprofessional cooperation of midwives in out-of-hospital obstetrical care from national and international research literature.
A systematic search of five research databases for publications between 2005 and 2015 was performed, complemented by a manual search.
25 studies were identified describing various contexts where midwives in out-of-hospital obstetrical care cooperate with other professional groups. Four key themes were analysed: contexts of cooperation, benefits of cooperation, facilitating and restrictive factors of cooperation, and competencies of cooperation. The studies show that there is only limited research coverage of the midwives’ perspective regarding interprofessional cooperation. The existing studies examine the cooperation of midwives primarily with health care professionals, and secondarily with professionals in the social services.
In order to expand knowledge on the cooperation of freelance midwives in the networks of early prevention, future research should focus on the perspective of midwives regarding cooperation with other professional groups, both in the health care sector and in the field of social services.
Hybrid Weighted K-Means Clustering and Artificial Neural Network for an Anomaly-Based Network Intrusion Detection System
Authors: Samrin Rafath , Vasumathi Devara 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDespite the rapid developments in data technology, intruders are among the most revealed threats to security. Network intrusion detection systems are now a typical constituent of network security structures. In this paper, we present a combined weighted K-means clustering algorithm with artificial neural network (WKMC+ANN)-based intrusion identification scheme. This paper comprises two modules: clustering and intrusion detection. The input dataset is gathered into clusters with the usage of WKMC in clustering module. In the intrusion detection module, the clustered information is trained with the utilization of ANN and its structure is stored. In the testing process, the data are tested by choosing the most suitable ANN classifier, which corresponds to the closest cluster to the test data, according to distance or similarity measures. For experimental evaluation, we used the benchmark database, and the results clearly demonstrated that the proposed technique outperformed the existing technique by having better accuracy.
Motherhood in the Islamic Tradition Rethinking the Procreative Function of Women in Islam
Authors: Badissy Maha 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis paper focuses on the reproductive function of women from an Islamic religious perspective. It aims to depict motherhood as it is imaged in some verses of the Qur’an with the objective of understanding how the Islamic Tradition positions the feminine with regards to maternity. Motherhood is not all a bundle of joy and the Qur’an clearly acknowledges that pregnancy, as well as childbirth, are painful events that mothers live with much difficulty; meanwhile, some verses portray maternity as an act of deep spirituality, mingled with an intellectual awareness of the role to be undertaken and much feelings. Through a thorough study of some verses of the Qur’an, I will undertake a deep literary analysis with the objective of outlining maternity from an Islamic perspective. The objective is to answer one major question at the core of the feminist debate: is motherhood an acknowledged only a biological destiny that is incumbent on women as a duty meant for the species’ survival and therefore rather a burden hindering women’s full engagement as productive agents in society or contribution by women and thus a feminine particularity to defend.
Toxicity assessment of nanoparticles in various systems and organs
Authors: Yang Yuan , Qin Zhen , Zeng Wei , Yang Ting , Cao Yubin , Mei Chaorong , Kuang Yu 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn the past decades, much attention has been paid to toxicity assessment of nanoparticles prior to clinical and biological applications. Whilein vitrostudies have been increasing constantly,in vivostudies of nanoparticles have not established a unified system until now. Predictive models and validated standard methods are imperative. This review summarizes the current progress in approaches assessing nanotoxicity in main systems, including the hepatic and renal, gastrointestinal, pulmonary, cardiovascular, nervous, and immune systems. Histopathological studies and specific functional examinations in each system are elucidated. Related injury mechanisms are also discussed.
Citizen science and international collaboration through environmental monitoring with simple chemical sensors
Authors: Mahaffy Peter G. , Martin Brian , Ooms Kristopher J. , Tappenden Andrew F. , Oliver Mckenzie , Hislop-Hook Rachel , Forman Jonathan E. , Mans Ulrich , Sabou John 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Building capacity for carrying out and understanding responsible science that is relevant to local challenges is a key ingredient in the OPCW’s strategy for achieving and maintaining a world free of chemical weapons. Two important contexts for building that capacity for responsible science are (1) the global attention being drawn to the rapidly increasing human chemical footprint on our planet and (2) the pervasive use of digital technologies. We describe an effort coordinated by the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons to build capacity among young people around the world to harness the power of small mobile chemical sensors to develop data literacy in complex chemical analysis based on measuring analytes that are relevant to their lives and local contexts. This new type of data literacy is an emergent element in educational programs and is key to developing the capacity for decision-making on chemical measurement data. The project brings together student and faculty collaborators from the fields of chemistry, social sciences and informatics, to provide proof of concept in four areas that support the overall goal of building a collective effort for scientific analysis; the development of low cost environmental sensors for air and water samples; the collection of representative test data sets on priority contaminants; the assessment and visualization of data; and education about the effect of priority pollutants on human and environmental health. We report on the project goals and preliminary steps taken to achieve them.
Education and engagement: key elements to achieve and maintain a world free of chemical weapons
Authors: Suárez Alejandra G. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Education and outreach are long term strategic tools for the implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) that actively promote the peaceful use of chemistry. Thousands of new chemicals are reported every day; which can render enormous benefits for the common good. However, as with any science, there is always the possibility that chemistry may be misused as it has been done in the past. This work will refer to preliminary initiatives undertaken to address awareness-raising about the multiple uses of chemical substances and the potential dual -use of scientific knowledge which are being implemented in different levels of chemistry education and public outreach programs. The OPCW has placed a priority on education and engagement with the development of tools and materials relevant to the Convention; we will describe these tools and the regional and national meetings that were organized to highlight the incorporation of the CWC’s issues into the chemical curricula in South America. The paper will give special consideration to The Hague Ethical Guidelines, another initiative to support a culture of responsibility in the chemical sciences and to guard against the misuse of chemistry. These guidelines were recently formulated by an international group of chemistry practitioners and serve as a set of elements to engage scientists in the ethical dimensions of their work. Education and outreach to future generations to promote the peaceful uses of chemistry is an essential part of achieving the goal of a world free of chemical weapons.
Removal of triazine-based herbicides on specific polymeric sorbent: fixed bed column studies
Authors: Ronka Sylwia 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The porous material containing carboxyl groups was investigated in fixed bed system for the triazine-based herbicides removal from aqueous solution. In order to obtain adsorbent capable of generating specific interactions with triazines, the poly(divinylbenzene) was synthesized in radical suspension polymerization and then was modified with maleic anhydride in Diels-Alder reaction with subsequent base hydrolysis. The introduction of carboxyl groups into polymer structure resulted in obtaining specific interactions, such as hydrogen bonds between modified poly(divinylbenzene) and triazines, therefore the selectivity and the high adsorption capacity towards terbuthylazine, propazine, atrazine and simazine was observed. The total and usable adsorptive capacities, the breakthrough and exhaustion times, the coefficients of sphericity of isoplanes, the heights of adsorption fronts and the mass exchange moving rates were calculated based on the analysis of the breakthrough curves. Results show that the best sorption parameters in dynamic conditions were achieved for terbuthylazine and propazine. For them the highest values of adsorptive capacities, the smallest heights of mass transfer fronts and their slow movement along the bed height were obtained. The use of ethanol for herbicides elution provided a high recovery degree of adsorbed substances. Reusability of investigated polymer bed was studied in three adsorption/desorption cycles.
An Unexpensive Self-Produced Trap for Entomological Monitoring in Libraries and Archives
Authors: Fizialetti Giorgia , Filippucci Maria Grazia 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe present here a self-made trap we designed for monitoring the presence of insects responsible of biodeterioration in a library in the center of Rome (Biblioteca Angelica). The trap was very effective in capturing all types of crawling insects. The trap, made from a transparent plastic layer, allowed the microscopic observation of animal body from both sides with no need of removing the specimen from the entomological scotch on it. Besides, this small transparent trap has a minimal visual impact within the halls of libraries and museums without diminishing its effectiveness and it is easy to place even within cabinets. We therefore recommend the use of this trap, simple and unexpensive to prepare, in libraries, archives, museum and any other conservative environment for monitoring the presence of insects and to contain the size of their populations.
Experimental spinal cord trauma: a review of mechanically induced spinal cord injury in rat models
Authors: Abdullahi Dauda , Annuar Azlina Ahmad , Mohamad Masro , Aziz Izzuddin , Sanusi Junedah 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIt has been shown that animal spinal cord compression (using methods such as clips, balloons, spinal cord strapping, or calibrated forceps) mimics the persistent spinal canal occlusion that is common in human spinal cord injury (SCI). These methods can be used to investigate the effects of compression or to know the optimal timing of decompression (as duration of compression can affect the outcome of pathology) in acute SCI. Compression models involve prolonged cord compression and are distinct from contusion models, which apply only transient force to inflict an acute injury to the spinal cord. While the use of forceps to compress the spinal cord is a common choice due to it being inexpensive, it has not been critically assessed against the other methods to determine whether it is the best method to use. To date, there is no available review specifically focused on the current compression methods of inducing SCI in rats; thus, we performed a systematic and comprehensive publication search to identify studies on experimental spinalization in rat models, and this review discusses the advantages and limitations of each method.
Wading through black jade in Marianne Moore’s sunken cathedral: The modernist sea poem as a Deleuzian fold
Authors: Ambroży Paulina 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The study is a close reading of Moore’s poem “The Fish” (1918) through the conceptual lens of Gilles Deleuze’s trope of the fold, as explained in his influential 1988 study of Leibniz, The Fold: Leibniz and the Baroque. The purpose is to explore Moore’s (neo)baroque sensibility and her peculiar penchant for Baroque tropes, images and forms. The Deleuzian concept of the fold, with its rich epistemological implications and broad cultural applicability as the universal trope of crisis, change, unrest and transience, helps to comprehend Moore’s own philosophical and aesthetic concerns. The study, in accord with the interdiscursive character of the contemporary studies of modernism draws from art history, philosophy, theory, literature, and visual arts, to uncover a strong Baroque undercurrent in the poet’s polyphonic imagination. Seen in the light of Deleuze’s fold, Moore’s poem emerges as a quasi-Baroque ruin, a sunken cathedral-cum-graveyard, with a theatrical chiaroscuro lighting and folding and unfolding of sense, which both shelters and entombs the severely wounded modernist soul.
Curviflorside and curviflorin, new naphthalene glycoside and flavanol from Plicosepalus curviflorus
Authors: Al Musayeib Nawal M. , Ibrahim Sabrin R.M. , Amina Musarat , Al Hamoud Gadah A. , Mohamed Gamal A. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The naphthalene glycosidecurviflorside [1,5-dihydroxy-8-methoxynaphthalene-2-O-β-D-xylopyranoside] (3) and the flavanol curviflorin [(+)-catechin-7-O-3″,4″-dihydroxybenzoate] (4), along with two known flavonoids: (+)-catechin (1) and quercetin (2) were isolated from the shoots of Plicosepalu scurviflorus Benth. (Loranthaceae) growing in Saudi Arabia and the chemical structures were elucidated by 2D-NMR spectroscopy.
Bimodal skin progenitors—a matter of place and time
Authors: Ulyanchenko Svetlana , Jensen Kim B 
Published: November 2016

The skin carries out specialist functions such as barrier formation and thermoregulation. The mode of cellular replenishment of the surface epithelium that forms the outermost layer during steady‐state homeostasis is a subject of intensive investigations. A detailed analysis of the interfollicular epidermis reported in this issue of The EMBO Journal (Roy et al, ) reveals that hair follicles in their growth phase influence cellular behaviour of epithelial cells in their immediate proximity.
Trends in Access to Health Care Services for US Children: 2000–2014
Authors: Larson Kandyce , Cull William L. , Racine Andrew D. , Olson Lynn M. 
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Recent years have witnessed substantial gains in health insurance coverage for children, but few studies have examined trends across a diverse set of access indicators. We examine US children’s access to health services and whether trends vary by race/ethnicity and income.

METHODS:
Analysis of 178 038 children ages 0 to 17 from the 2000 to 2014 National Health Interview Survey. Trends are examined for health insurance and 5 access indicators: no well-child visit in the year, no doctor office visit, no dental visit, no usual source of care, and unmet health needs. Logistic regression models add controls for sociodemographics and child health status. Statistical interactions test whether trends vary by race/ethnicity and income.

RESULTS:
Among all children, uninsured rates declined from 12.1% in 2000 to 5.3% in 2014, with improvement across all 5 access indicators. Along with steep declines in the uninsured rate, Hispanic children had sizeable improvement for no doctor office (19.8% to 11.9%), no dental visit (43.2% to 21.8%), and no usual source of care (13.9% to 6.3%). Black children and those in poor and near-poor families also had large gains. Results from adjusted statistical interaction models showed more improvement for black and Hispanic children versus whites for 3 of 5 access indicators and for children in poor and near-poor families for 4 of 5 access indicators.

CONCLUSIONS:
Children’s access to health services has improved since 2000 with greater gains in vulnerable population groups. Findings support a need for continued support of health insurance for all children.
Neurophysiological mechanisms of formation of non-chemical dependence through self-stimulation of positive emotiogenic areas of rats’ brains
Authors: Berchenko O. G. , Bevzyuk D. O. , Levicheva N. O. , Koladko S. P. 
Published: November 2016

The aim of our research was to study the limbic-neocortical mechanisms of addictive behaviour in rats formed throughthe arousal of intense emotions on the model of self-stimulation reaction of the brain. We carried out investigations by conducting a chronic experiment on 15 nonlinear laboratory male rats weighing 250 to 320 grams, at the ages of 5 to 6 months. As a model of receiving positive emotions we used the behaviour of animals held in a Skinner box which was formed through self stimulation of the positive emotional zones of the posterior ventrolateral hypothalamus. We registered the frequency of self-stimulation reactions of the ventrolateral hypothalamus daily for 4 days and on the 7th day after its ccessation (state of deprivation). We performed visual and spectral analysis of the electrical activity of the brain using "Neuron-spektr.net" software. We assessed the absolute spectral density of the power of rhythm signals of the following frequency bands: delta (0.5–4.0 Hz), theta (4.0–7.0 Hz), alpha (8.0–12.0 Hz) and low frequency beta (14.0–20.0 Hz). The formation of behaviour dependent on receiving intense emotions as a result of self-stimulation of the positive zones of the ventrolateral hypothalamus is caused by the initial high level of need for positive emotional reinforcement and further growth in the implementation of desire and is associated with activation of emotional memory mechanisms, changes in electrogenesis in the hippocampus and the reticular formation in the form of decrease in the spectral power of rhythms of alpha and beta bands and increased spectral power of biopotentials of the delta range in the hippocampus and theta range in the reticular formation with severe manifestations of seizure and paroxysmal activity components and increased activity of the sympatho-adrenal system. The syndrome of withdrawal fromthe receiving of positive emotions in some rats with implementation of a programme of a phobic character with an increase in beta rhythms in all thestudied structures, and among other rats with implementation of a programme of an aggressive character, which was characterized by increased electrical seizure activity in the hippocampus, is caused by oppression of electrogenesis in the hypothalmus and replacement of slow wave activity in the reticular formation at high frequency rhythms in the alpha-theta range.