bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
There are no language switching costs when codeswitching is frequent
Authors: Adamou Evangelia , Shen Xingjia Rachel 
Published: May 2017

Aims and Objectives/Purpose/Research Questions: There is ongoing discussion as to the cost of language switching, with some studies indicating high cost and others showing low or no cost. The main research question in this paper is whether there are language switching costs in communities in which codeswitching is frequent. Design/Methodology/Approach: We conducted two on-line experiments, that is, a picture choice with sentence auditory stimuli and a word recognition task in sentence context. We constructed 16 sentences with differing degrees of ecological validity (16 sentences × 4 versions = 64). The sentences included verbs with different language preferences in natural conversations (first language (L1), second language (L2) or both). Data and Analysis: Thirty-seven simultaneous L1-Romani L2-Turkish bilinguals participated in Experiment 1 and 49 in Experiment 2. To analyse the results, linear mixed models (lmer) were constructed using the ‘lme4’ package in R. Findings/Conclusions: In Experiment 1, participants responded significantly faster for the all-Turkish sentences, followed by the mixed Romani-Turkish sentences, and the two types of ecologically non-valid sentences. However, there were no processing costs for the mixed sentences when they contained Turkish verbs that are more frequently used in Turkish in the spontaneous conversations. In Experiment 2, reaction times were similar for Turkish verbs (with Turkish verb morphology) in a mixed Romani-Turkish or a unilingual Turkish sentence. Originality: Taken together, these findings indicate that language switching costs in comprehension depend on the frequency of codeswitching in the bilingual community, as well as on exposure to specific lexical items. Significance/Implications: The Romani-Turkish data support a usage-based approach to bilingual processing and confirm the need to conduct experimental research that takes into account the communicational habits of the participants.
Delivering Healthy Food Choice
Authors: Carins Julia E. , Rundle-Thiele Sharyn R. , Parkinson Joy E. 
Published: May 2017

Introduction: Military personnel need to eat healthfully to enable peak performance and sustain health. Poor dietary habits and a rising rate of obesity among military personnel indicate a need for programs to improve food choices. This study evaluated two programs conceived under a dual-process model (consumer-focused communications only and a broader social marketing program including communications and environmental changes). Methods: Programs were implemented and evaluated over a 6-week period in two military dining halls in Australia. Food selections were measured before and after program implementation using plate photography ( N = 673 meals). Outcome variables included a healthy plate index (HPI), number of selections for food types, number of selections from three healthfulness categories (most healthful, moderately healthful, and least healthful), and a measure of how diner selections differed from the proportions of each healthfulness category available on the menu. Independent t tests were used to assess the difference between diner selections before and after program implementation. Results: Significant differences ( p < .05) in diner selections were observed after implementation of both programs, all in a healthful direction. When communications were used in isolation, the HPI was higher, with more selections made, and more moderately healthful selections chosen. When communications and environmental changes were combined, the number of choices remained stable but the HPI increased, and more of the most healthful foods were chosen. Conclusions: The eating behavior of military personnel can be improved using consumer-focused communications. However, by altering the environment as well, a greater change in behavior can be realized.
Prevalence of Os Styloideum in National Hockey League Players
Authors: Greditzer Harry G. , Hutchinson Ian D. , Geannette Christian S. , Hotchkiss Robert N. , Kelly Bryan T. , Potter Hollis G. 
Published: May 2017

Background: Os styloideum describes an accessory carpal ossicle between the trapezoid, the capitate, and the second and third metacarpals. Injuries to this tissue have been described as part of the carpal boss syndrome. While the etiology of os styloideum remains uncertain, it may represent a physiologic response to altered loading forces in the wrist, similar to the development of cam-type deformity in the hips of ice hockey players or the Bennett lesion in the shoulders of baseball pitchers. Hypothesis: Professional hockey players will have a higher prevalence of os styloideum compared with the general population. Study Design: Case series. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: A retrospective review of 16 professional hockey players from 4 different National Hockey League (NHL) teams who underwent unilateral imaging of the wrist was performed. Seventeen wrists were reviewed for the presence of os styloideum. Results: Thirteen of 16 players (81%) had an os styloideum, representing an increased prevalence compared with the general population. Previous clinical and cadaveric studies estimated a general prevalence of up to 19% ( P < 0.001). For the 10 players who had their leading wrist scanned, 9 had an os styloideum (90%). Ten of 11 (91%) players demonstrated a bone marrow edema pattern within the metacarpal and the os styloideum on magnetic resonance imaging. There was no significant association between the presence of an os styloideum and the player’s position, leading wrist, or years in the league. Conclusion: There appears to be an increased prevalence of os styloideum among NHL players, and team physicians should consider this finding while formulating a differential diagnosis for dorsal wrist pain. Clinical Relevance: This study identified NHL players as having an increased prevalence of os styloideum compared with the general population. By doing so, these findings represent an opportunity to enhance our understanding of the etiology, clinical significance, and treatment of os styloideum.
A European Respiratory Society technical standard: exhaled biomarkers in lung disease
Authors: Horváth Ildiko , Barnes Peter J. , Loukides Stelios , Sterk Peter J. , Högman Marieann , Olin Anna-Carin , Amann Anton , Antus Balazs , Baraldi Eugenio , Bikov Andras , Boots Agnes W. , Bos Lieuwe D. , Brinkman Paul , Bucca Caterina , Carpagnano Giovanna E. , Corradi Massimo , Cristescu Simona , de Jongste Johan C. , Dinh-Xuan Anh-Tuan , Dompeling Edward , Fens Niki , Fowler Stephen , Hohlfeld Jens M. , Holz Olaf , Jöbsis Quirijn , Van De Kant Kim , Knobel Hugo H. , Kostikas Konstantinos , Lehtimäki Lauri , Lundberg Jon O. , Montuschi Paolo , Van Muylem Alain , Pennazza Giorgio , Reinhold Petra , Ricciardolo Fabio L.M. , Rosias Philippe , Santonico Marco , van der Schee Marc P. , van Schooten Frederik-Jan , Spanevello Antonio , Tonia Thomy , Vink Teunis J. 
Published: May 2017

Breath tests cover the fraction of nitric oxide in expired gas (FENO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), variables in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and other measurements. For EBC and forFENO, official recommendations for standardised procedures are more than 10 years old and there is none for exhaled VOCs and particles. The aim of this document is to provide technical standards and recommendations for sample collection and analytic approaches and to highlight future research priorities in the field. For EBC andFENO, new developments and advances in technology have been evaluated in the current document. This report is not intended to provide clinical guidance on disease diagnosis and management.Clinicians and researchers with expertise in exhaled biomarkers were invited to participate. Published studies regarding methodology of breath tests were selected, discussed and evaluated in a consensus-based manner by the Task Force members.Recommendations for standardisation of sampling, analysing and reporting of data and suggestions for research to cover gaps in the evidence have been created and summarised.Application of breath biomarker measurement in a standardised manner will provide comparable results, thereby facilitating the potential use of these biomarkers in clinical practice.
Bacteria-driven peribronchial lymphoid neogenesis in bronchiectasis and cystic fibrosis
Authors: Frija-Masson Justine , Martin Clémence , Regard Lucile , Lothe Marie-Noëlle , Touqui Lhousseine , Durand Aurélie , Lucas Bruno , Damotte Diane , Alifano Marco , Fajac Isabelle , Burgel Pierre-Régis 
Published: May 2017

We aimed to characterise lymphoid neogenesis in bronchiectasis and cystic fibrosis (CF) lungs and to examine the role of bacterial infection.Lymphoid aggregates were examined using immunohistochemical staining and morphometric analysis in surgical lung sections obtained from nonsmokers and patients with bronchiectasis or CF. Sterile,Pseudomonas aeruginosa- orStaphylococcus aureus-coated agarose beads were instilled intratracheally in mice. Kinetics of lymphoid neogenesis and chemokine expression were examined over 14 days.Lymphoid aggregates were scarce in human lungs of nonsmokers, but numerous peribronchial lymphoid aggregates containing B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes, germinal centres and high endothelial venules were found in bronchiectasis and CF. Mouse lungs contained no lymphoid aggregate at baseline. During persistentP. aeruginosaorS. aureusairway infection peribronchial lymphoid neogenesis occurred. At day 14 after instillation, lymphoid aggregates expressed markers of tertiary lymphoid organs and the chemokines CXCL12 and CXCL13. The airway epithelium was an important site of CXCL12, CXCL13 and interleukin-17A expression, which began at day 1 after instillation.Peribronchial tertiary lymphoid organs are present in bronchiectasis and in CF, and persistent bacterial infection triggered peribronchial lymphoid neogenesis in mice. Peribronchial localisation of tertiary lymphoid organs and epithelial expression of chemokines suggest roles for airway epithelium in lymphoid neogenesis.
Dihydroartemisinin inhibits TCTP-dependent metastasis in gallbladder cancer
Authors: Zhang Fei , Ma Qiang , Xu Zihang , Liang Haibin , Li Huaifeng , Ye Yuanyuan , Xiang Shanshan , Zhang Yijian , Jiang Lin , Hu Yunping , Wang Zheng , Wang Xuefeng , Zhang Yong , Gong Wei , Liu Yingbin 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Background
Patients with metastatic or relapsed gallbladder cancer generally have a poor prognosis. Therefore, targeting metastasis is one arm of therapeutic strategies to treat gallbladder cancer.

Methods
Levels of translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) were measured in samples of gallbladder cancer by immunohistochemical staining. Wound healing, migration and invasion assays were used to investigate the motility of cells. Western blot assay was used to investigate the levels of TCTP and other proteins. Liver metastasis models and lung metastasis models were established to investigate the inhibitory effect of Dihydroartemisinin on gallbladder cancer metastasis.

Results
TCTP is aberrantly expressed in gallbladder cancer patients and associated with metastasis and a poor prognosis. Depleting TCTP significantly inhibited gallbladder cancer cell migration and invasion. We found that Dihydroartemisinin as a potent inhibitor of TCTP inhibited TCTP-dependent cell migration and invasion by reducing cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42) activation. In addition, in mice with xenografted tumors, treatment with Dihydroartemisinin decreased gallbladder cancer cell metastases and improved survival.

Conclusions
These findings provide new insights into the therapeutic activity of Dihydroartemisinin as a treatment for gallbladder cancer metastasis.
Vildagliptin has the same safety profile as a sulfonylurea on bone metabolism and bone mineral density in post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Vianna Andre Gustavo Daher , de Lacerda Claudio Silva , Pechmann Luciana Muniz , Polesel Michelle Garcia , Marino Emerson Cestari , Borba Victoria Zeghbi Cochenski , Barreto Fellype de Carvalho 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Background
Several antidiabetic therapies affect bone metabolism. Sulfonylureas have the lowest impact on bone among oral antidiabetics. The objective of this study is to compare the effects of vildagliptin and gliclazide modified release (MR) on bone turnover markers (BTMs) and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods
Forty-two postmenopausal women with uncontrolled T2D were randomly allocated into vildagliptin or gliclazide MR (control) groups. The primary endpoint was the change in the BTMs in months 6 and 12 compared with the baseline. The secondary endpoint was the variation in the BMD, which was assessed via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip at baseline and month 12.

Results
After a 12-month treatment, the BTM serum carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen increased 0.001 ± 0.153 ng/mL in the vildagliptin group versus 0.008 ± 0.060 ng/mL in the gliclazide MR group (p = 0.858). The serum osteocalcin, serum amino-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I and urinary amino-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen remained stable in both groups, and there was no statistically significant difference between the effect of vildagliptin and gliclazide MR on these variables. The lumbar spine BMD did not change in the vildagliptin or gliclazide MR groups after a 12-month treatment (0.000 ± 0.025 g/cm2 versus −0.008 ± 0.036, respectively, p = 0.434). Furthermore, there was a similar lack of change in the femoral neck and total hip BMD values in both treatments.

Conclusions
Bone turnover markers and BMD remained unchanged after a 12-month treatment in both groups, which suggests that vildagliptin has the same safety profile as gliclazide MR on bone metabolism.
Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01679899
F-cone metric spaces over Banach algebra
Authors: Fernandez Jerolina , Malviya Neeraj , Radenovič Stojan , Saxena Kalpana 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe paper deals with the achievement of introducing the notion of F-cone metric spaces over Banach algebra as a generalization of $N_{p}$

N
p

-cone metric space over Banach algebra and $N_{b}$

N
b

-cone metric space over Banach algebra and studying some of its topological properties. Also, here we define generalized Lipschitz and expansive maps for such spaces. Moreover, we investigate some fixed points for mappings satisfying such conditions in the new framework. Subsequently, as an application of our results, we provide an example. Our results generalize some well-known results in the literature.
Nano meets the sheet: adhesive-free application of nanocellulosic suspensions in paper conservation
Authors: Völkel L. , Ahn K. , Hähner U. , Gindl-Altmutter W. , Potthast A. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Historical papers are often locally damaged by exogenous influences and/or have endogenously degraded paper areas. The stabilization of such papers is very important because further use of the object can cause additional damage. Different types of nanocellulose are interesting as a novel stabilizing materials for paper due to their close structural relation to the paper matrix. Therefore, the present study investigated whether the treatment of historical papers with nanocellulose suspensions is a novel method for paper stabilization. Two different types of nanocelluloses, bacterial cellulose and a mechanically nanofibrillated cellulose based on wood pulp, were tested with regard to their performance in stabilizing fragile papers. Concerning material handling and application in conservation steps, different ways to modify the suspensions were tested. The resulting suspensions were applied to historical papers from several centuries with different extents of damage. The paper-nanocellulose composites were characterized with regard to their optical and microscopic integrity and by physical and chemical analyses. The treatment of mechanical damage and the consolidation of weakened paper areas could be realized by the application of a nanocellulose suspension without an additional adhesive. The results of the treatment depend on the type of nanocellulose, on the paper material, on processing and application techniques. The paper discusses the applicability and stability of the differently prepared nanocellulose suspensions, also with regard to their mode of application and long-term performance. Advantages and limitations are addressed in detail.
Tale of Two Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents: Utilization, Dosing, Litigation, and Costs of Darbepoetin and Epoetin Among South Carolina Medicaid-Covered Patients With Cancer and Chemotherapy-Induced Anemia
Authors: Noxon Virginia , Knopf Kevin B. , Norris LeAnn B. , Chen Brian , Yang Y. Tony , Qureshi Zaina P. , Hrushesky William , Lebby Akida A. , Schooley Benjamin , Hikmet Neset , Dickson Michael , Thamer Mae , Cotter Dennis , Yarnold Paul R. , Bennett Charles L. 
Published: May 2017

Purpose: The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved epoetin and darbepoetin for chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA). Approved epoetin and darbepoetin dosing schedules were three times per week and weekly, respectively, although off-label, less frequent scheduling was common. In 2004, 2007, and 2008, a US Food and Drug Administration Advisory Committees warned of risks associated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents. During this period, lawsuits alleging illegal darbepoetin marketing practices have concluded, resulting in $1.1 billion in fines and settlements and one criminal conviction. No prior study, to our knowledge, has reported on the use of darbepoetin versus epoetin for CIA. Methods: We evaluated the dosing, utilization, and costs of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents among 3,761 South Carolina Medicaid patients with CIA. Results: Epoetin and darbepoetin utilization rates were 22% and 28% in 2003, 10% and 33% in 2007, and 3% and 7% in 2010, respectively. Mean per-patient per-administration epoetin and darbepoetin doses were 40,983 IU and 191 µg, respectively, in 2003 and 47,753 IU and 369 µg, respectively, in 2010. Mean monthly patient costs for epoetin and darbepoetin were $1,030 and $981, respectively, in 2003 and $932 and $1,352, respectively, in 2010. Epoetin use decreased steadily between 2002 and 2010; darbepoetin use increased steadily between 2003 and 2007 and then decreased steadily thereafter. Per-patient dosing of darbepoetin, but not epoetin, increased steadily between 2003 and 2010, and monthly per-patient epoetin costs decreased 3% while the per-patients costs of darbepoetin increased 30% between 2003 and 2010. Conclusion: To our knowledge, our findings are the first data reporting on epoetin versus darbepoetin use for CIA and support recently concluded lawsuits involving allegations of illegal marketing practices of the manufacturer of darbepoetin.
To derotate or not? The impact of a permanent derotation screw on the revision rate of dynamic hip screw fixation for intracapsular neck of femur fractures.
Authors: Woods Simon , Pilling Richard , Vidakovic Ivan , Al-Mothenna Alloush , Mayahi Reza 
Published: May 2017

Background: In this retrospective study, we examine the impact that employing a permanent derotation screw (DRS) has on the rate of revision for 2-hole dynamic hip screws (DHS, a.k.a. sliding hip screws), used for internal fixation of intracapsular neck of femur (NOF) fractures. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to examine the impact of using a derotation screw on DHS revision rate. Methods: We obtained a list of 64 patients suffering intracapsular NOF fracture treated with 2-hole DHS over a 5-year period, 28 of these were also treated with a DRS, forming our DRS group, 36 were not (non-DRS group). Fracture severity and patient demographics between the groups were compared to ensure homogeneity. The rate of revision to arthroplasty (total or hemi) of the two groups were compared. Results: The mean age in the DRS group was 70.79 years, 1.77 years lower than the non-DRS group (p=0.570). The DRS group had a rate of revision of 14%, in comparison with 39% in the non-DRS group (p=0.0299), corresponding with a number needed to treat of 4.06 derotation screws to prevent a single failure. Conclusions: In this study, employing a permanent derotation screw alongside a 2-hole DHS was associated with a significantly lower rate of revision to arthroplasty than using a 2-hole DHS alone. We would recommend this be further investigated with prospective randomized trials, to provide robust evidence and make clinical recommendations.
A cognitive, Emotional and Behavioral Assessment of Colombian Entrepreneurs Attitudes Toward Corruption
Authors: Gil Angel Gustavo Adolfo , Saiz Alvarez Jose Manuel , Gamez Gutierrez Jorge Alberto 
Published: May 2017

Este artículo presenta teorías que describen las características de emprendedores que establecieron negocios en Colombia, para ofrecer un acercamiento a la ética individual y de negocios con respecto a la corrupción, el tipo de delito más común en este país; un breve diagnóstico por la Dirección de Impuestos y Aduanas Nacionales de Colombia (dian); y sobre ética en la educación superior. Un cuestionario con escala Likert fue diseñado para medir actitudes con respecto a la corrupción en el sector privado. Siguiendo el modelo de White (2001) con respecto al balance y la proporción de ítems, el uestionario representa componentes cognitivos, afectivos y comportamentales, operacionalizando variables mientras se realiza comprobación cruzada entre las categorías que definen la relación entre la corrupción y sus componentes emocionales, comportamental y cognitivo. Las categorías analizadas fueron: marketing, producción, actividades administrativas, legales y ambientales.Es posible afirmar que personas con menos educación formal muestran actitudes positivas con respecto a la corrupción y las tasas de aprobación disminuyen en la medida en que la educación formal se incrementa en los emprendedores, dado que rechazan actividades de corrupción y sus consecuencias. Se encontró que i) 54 de cada 100 emprendedores sin educación formal aprueban comportamientos corruptos, principalmente relacionados con el proceso de marketing en sus organizaciones; ii) 40 de 100 propietarios de negocios cuyos negocios han estado en operación entre 0 y 3 meses aprueban la corrupción en procesos de producción; iii) 30 de 100 propietarios de negocios con educación secundaria no diferencian entre acciones corruptas y comportamiento ético al implementar modelos administrativos en sus compañías; y iv) 35 de 100 propietarios de negocios no experimentan emociones negativas al cometer acciones delictivas o al violar reglas de negocios.
The Informational Role of Corporate Hedging
Authors: Manconi Alberto , Massa Massimo , Zhang Lei 
Published: May 2017

We study the informational role of corporate hedging, comparing two hypotheses. Under the “opacity” hypothesis, corporate hedging makes earnings less informative, renders the firm opaque, and increases informed traders’ profitability. Under the “transparency” hypothesis, hedging reduces uncertainty and erodes the informed traders’ information advantage and profitability. Our tests support the transparency hypothesis. Hedging is associated with lower uncertainty (lower implied volatility and analyst forecast dispersion, and greater breadth of ownership). It is also associated with a lower informed trading intensity, in particular for short selling. Short selling profits are more than twice lower on the stocks of firms engaging in corporate hedging. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2717 . This paper was accepted by Neng Wang, finance.