bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The human and Drosophila ERH are functionally equivalent: Evidence from transgenic studies.
Authors: Tsubota Stuart 
Published: October 2016

<p>The <em>enhancer of rudimentary</em>, <em>e(r)</em>, gene encodes a small highly conserved protein, enhancer of rudimentary homolog (ERH), which has been shown to have a regulatory function in cell division, Notch signaling, and cancer progression.<em> </em> Human and Drosophila ERH, both 104 amino acids in length, are 76% identical and 84% similar. The high sequence identity translates into nearly identical tertiary structures. Previous studies on the expression of the human and Drosophila <em>e(r)</em> genes reveal that the two genes are similarly regulated. Data in the present study using an <em>e(r)-eGFP</em> reporter gene confirm these results, showing a high expression of the reporter in ovaries, testes, and brain. The high structural and regulatory conservation of <em>e(r)</em> and ERH argue that human and Drosophila ERH may be biochemically and functionally equivalent. To test this hypothesis, a chimeric transgene containing the Drosophila <em>e(r)</em> non-coding regions and the human <em>e(r)</em> coding region was constructed and used to establish transgenic Drosophila stocks. This transgene can rescue all of the mutant phenotypes of an <em>e(r)</em> deletion, and Drosophila stocks in which the fly ERH has been replaced with the human ERH are fully healthy and viable. These studies demonstrate that the human and Drosophila ERH are functionally equivalent, suggesting that studies on the activity of the human ERH can be done in Drosophila, where a multitude of genetic and developmental tools are available.</p>
Transplacental Viral Infection: Mechanisms and Manifestations
Authors: Sung Vicky M.-H. 
Published: October 2016

<p> In 21<sup>st</sup> century, infectious disease control is much faster than never before. In combination of robotic instruments and high-tech analytic tools, we are able to put pieces of knowledge of how immune networks interact to fight against infectious agents, and to develop vaccines and better treatments. Treatments for pregnant women for highly contagious diseases have been a major challenge for current medicine because the complications of the interactions between fetal and maternal immune systems during pregnancy, including suppression of maternal immune system to avoid rejection of fetus and to protect fetus from pathogens or any harmful agents during gestation. This article focuses on what defense systems are built in nature to prevent viral transplacental infection, and to ensure a safe pregnancy for the mother and healthy development of the fetus. In addition to innate and acquired immunity to decease pathogens, placental barrier and placental immunity further provide restriction of viral entry and viral replication in placenta. Viral pathogens are able to utilize various means to infect placental trophoblasts and to transplacentally infect the fetus. The teratogenic effects of several viruses and potential clinical manifestations of congenital infections are also discussed. Because of the efficiency of placental barrier and the placental immunity, to restrict most of viral infection, only very few viruses can transplacentally infect fetus in pregnant women. The consequences of the transplacental infection also vary at different stages of gestation. Transplacental infections happened in early gestation can lead to more adverse outcomes, including stillbirth, abortion, and congenital malformations of fetus, such as ZIKV transplacental infection associated with developing microcephaly and neurological disorders of affected fetus. Therefore, prevention of viral infection in pregnant women, and understanding mechanisms of transplacental infections may help to develop better therapeutic strategy for congenital infectious diseases.</p>
Stress and distress: the art and science of dispatcher’s assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Authors: Zandona Régine , Gillet Aline , Stassart Céline , Nothelier Laura , Delfosse Anne-Sophie , Tubes Rebecca , Donneau Anne-Françoise , Etienne Anne-Marie , Ghuysen Alexandre , Stipulante Samuel 
Published: October 2016

<p>Chances of survival following a cardiac arrest are very low and inversely proportional to the duration of cardiovascular arrest. It is of critical importance to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) as soon as possible, even before the arrival of emergency medical team (EMT) on the scene. Therefore, early bystander CPR is a key factor in improving survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOH-CA). In Belgium, the ALERT algorithm (Algorithme Liégeois d’Encadrement à la Réanimation par Téléphone<a title="" href="#_ftn1">[1]</a> offers the opportunity to help bystanders perform CPR. Dispatchers’ assisted telephone CPR has introduced a new link in the chain of survival, that contributes to a reduced OOH-CA mortality rate but at the cost of increased responsibilities and stress. ALERT also gives a new role to bystanders; they are no longer just spectators but become actors when they witness a cardiac arrest. Our team was interested in the psychological burden of ALERT. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of CPR performed by untrained persons. We studied the potential influence of different coping strategies on this impact, as well as the possible correlation with the degree of attachment to the victim and the risk of developing PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder). We noticed that some psychological negative impact on the bystanders could be recognized. We also identified beneficial and detrimental coping strategies. In the future, we wonder if Video-CPR (V-CPR) might improve the quality of resuscitation.</p><div><br clear="all" /><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /><div><p><a title="" href="#_ftnref1">[1]</a> Algorithm for CPR guidance over the phone originating from Liege, Belgium</p></div></div>
Clinical trial ethics in Turkey in the context of some expectations and predictions
Authors: Büken Nüket Örnek 
Published: October 2016

<p>Why is so much attention now being given to the ethics of clinical trial? Why does debate continue over the ethics and regulation of research involving human subjects? Are there societal duties to support the conduct of clinical research? Why was this protocol good enough for X, or Y, or Z, but not good enough for this university or institution? What is the rationale for public bioethics? As shown even though all the rights and obligations of all parties of clinical trial – the researching physician, the volunteering patient, the industry, research institution- have been assured with ethico-legal regulations, there still exist many problems in the world of clinical research, and suggestions of solutions to the said problems. It is obvious that medical trials on human beings, on the one hand, accelerate developments in medicine and offer benefits for the present and future generations, but on the other hand, they can lead to acts that may endanger human dignity and human value. The objective of this paper is to discuss the rights of human subjects in clinical drug trials; to review the researcher-physician/subject-patients relationship from several aspects; to consider the dynamics which exist in this relation; and to reach some practical solutions that might be conveyed to the applications in the context of medical ethics in Turkey.</p>
Cytotoxicity, analgesic and anthelmintic studies of the different plant parts of Saraca indica Linn. (Family: Caesalpiniaceae)
Authors: Parvin Most. Nazma 
Published: October 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background: </strong><em>Saraca indica</em> or <em>Saraca asoca</em> belonging to the family Caesalpiniaceae. It<em> </em>is popularly known as Ashoka, is the most ancient tree of Bangladesh. This versatile plant has anti-cancer, anti-menorrhagic, anti-oxytocic, anti-microbial activity and has extended uses in ayurveda, unani and homeopathy. The present study attempts to investigate the cytotoxic and analgesic activities of the methanol extract of bark and the anthelmintic activity of the leaf extract of <em>Saraca indica</em>.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The cytotoxic activity of the methanol extract of the bark was performed by brine shrimp lethality bioassay and analgesic potential of the bark extract was evaluated using both acetic acid induced writhing test and tail-flick tests to understand the central analgesic activity using Swiss Albino mice as experimental animal. Anthelmintic activity of the leaf extract was performed by observing the time of paralysis and the time of death of earthworms, <em>Pheretima posthuma</em>. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The methanol extract of the bark showed moderate cytotoxic activity when compared with the standard drug vincristine sulphate. The results of analgesic activities suggested that the methanol extract of the bark possess significant analgesic activity in mice, which is comparable to the standard drug, diclofenac-Na. The fresh juice extract of the leaf of <em>S. indica </em>showed potent anthelmintic activity when compared with standard drug, albendazole.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our present study, demonstrates the cytotoxic, analgesic and anthelmintic, properties of <em>Saraca</em> <em>indica</em>, which validate its use in traditional medicine.</p>
Globalization and Educational Equity in Latin America: Perspectives from the Global South (Globalización y Equidad Educativa en Latinoamérica: Perspectivas desde el Sur Global) (pp. 1-9)
Authors: Valdiviezo Laura Alicia , Munter Judith 
Published: October 2016

Numerous scholars, practitioners, and advocates of multicultural education have focused attention on the impacts of educational policy and praxis on the world’s most vulnerable populations, highlighting the role of globalization in discussions of educational equity. In response to the need for further scholarship on this topic, IJME’s first bilingual issue features research and praxis articles that critically examine the intersection of globalization, social justice, and education in underrepresented contexts of the Global South especially in, although not limited to, the Americas. This special issue aims at exploring new territories and features new perspectives on educational equity and social justice. We particularly sought submissions for this special issue examining formal and informal education in schools and community settings. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Las preocupaciones actuales de muchos académicos, educadores practicantes y de aquellos que abogan por la educación multicultural se focalizan en el impacto de las políticas y la praxis educativas en las poblaciones vulnerables alrededor del mundo. Es así que se está prestando cada vez mayor atención al rol de la globalización en la equidad educativa. La primera edición bilingüe de IJME reune artículos sobre investigaciones y praxis que analizan de manera crítica las intersecciones entre la globalización, la justicia social, y la educación en los contextos de menos representación en el sur global; en especial, pero sin limitarse a las Américas. Esta edición especial apunta a la exploración de nuevos territorios y al enfoque en nuevos diálogos sobre la equidad educativa y la justicia social. Particularmente hemos incluido artículos sobre investigación en educación formal y no formal en escuelas y contextos comunitarios.
Análisis de la relación entre variables morfométricas y biofísicas en la estimación de características probabilísticas para la oferta hídrica superficial en Colombia
Authors: Burbano-Girón Jaime , Domínguez Efraín , Barón-Ruiz Oscar 
Published: October 2016

<p>Actualmente, el recurso hídrico superficial enfrenta una alta presión antrópica por las transformaciones del paisaje natural y los altos niveles de demanda de agua de las actividades socioeconómicas. Ante esta situación, la modelación integrada del ciclo hidrológico se convierte en una herramienta necesaria para evaluar y predecir las consecuencias de las transformaciones del paisaje sobre los elementos del ciclo hidrológico. Su exitosa aplicación depende de la disponibilidad de información y la escala de estudio. Con base a lo anterior, se determinó que la información existente actualmente en el país no permite aplicar con rigurosidad ninguno de ellos, por ende se trabajó en un modelo estadístico de Análisis de Componentes Principales para relacionar información morfométrica, biofísica e hidrológica derivada para la caracterización de 421 cuencas generadas en Colombia. El 91% de las cuencas tuvo un error relativo respecto al área de la cuenca reportada por el Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios ambientales (IDEAM) inferior al 15%, y la significancia de las relaciones entre las variables hidrológicas, morfométricas y biofísicas fue en la gran mayoría de los casos significativa. Lo anterior valida aun las relaciones establecidas, señalando que los resultados del modelo estadístico construido, permiten estimar la oferta hídrica en lugares sin registro hidrológico a través de los parámetros morfométricos y biofísicos de las cuencas sin instrumentación hidrológica. © 2016. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.</p>
A Winsorized Adaptive Rank Test for Location when Sampling from Asymmetric Distributions
Authors: Corzo Salamanca Jimmy Antonio , Vergara Morales Myriam Elena 
Published: October 2016

<p>Se propone una prueba de rangos adaptativa winsorizada para la alternativa de localización en distribuciones asimétricas que provienen de la Familia Lambda Generalizada. Se da un método para calcular la distribución exacta y expresiones analíticas para la distribución asintótica, y los dos primeros momentos de la estadística de prueba. Por medio de un estudio de Monte Carlo, se muestran que para varias selecciones de parámetros de winsorización la prueba propuesta es más potente que la prueba del signo y que la prueba original para selecciones apropiadas del parámetro de winsorización, de la cual la prueba propuesta fue adaptada. © 2016. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.</p>
Reptiles en corredores biológicos y mortalidad por atropellamiento vehicular en Barbas-Bremen, departamento del Quindío, Colombia
Authors: López-Herrera Daniel Felipe , León-Yusti Mateo , Guevara-Molina Stefanny Caroline , Vargas-Salinas Fernando 
Published: October 2016

Los corredores biológicos de Barbas-Bremen son una estrategia de conservación implementada en el departamento del Quindío, Colombia, con el objetivo de reestablecer la conectividad entre poblaciones bióticas presentes en los dos fragmentos de bosque más grandes de la región. No obstante, pocos estudios han evaluado la efectividad de estos corredores como hábitat para especies de fauna local y como facilitadores de dispersión de individuos entre las reservas naturales de Barbas y Bremen. Caracterizamos la fauna de reptiles en tres corredores biológicos y se evaluó si la mortalidad de reptiles por atropellamiento vehicular en una carretera que atraviesa dichos corredores biológicos está correlacionada con la distancia a ellos. Utilizamos encuentros visuales libres y trampas de caída para muestrear la riqueza de reptiles en cada corredor biológico y áreas de pastizal adyacentes; los individuos atropellados los registramos durante 34 caminatas en la carretera. Encontramos 42 individuos pertenecientes a 16 especies; los reptiles en los corredores biológicos tienden a ser arbóreos mientras que los de pastizales tienden a ser terrestres. No hubo relación entre el número de atropellos (63 serpientes, 9 especies) y la distancia al corredor biológico más cercano. En general, los corredores biológicos de Barbas-Bremen ofrecen un hábitat boscoso a numerosas especies de reptiles que probablemente no podrían subsistir en la matriz de pastizales que predomina en el área de estudio; sin embargo, más estudios son necesarios para establecer si dichos corredores biológicos favorecen el flujo de individuos entre Barbas y Bremen y como la carretera ahí presente afectaría este proceso. © 2016. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
Respuesta de quince introducciones de tomate cherry (Solanum lycopersicum L.) al nematodo nodulador (Meloidogyne spp. GOELDI) e identificación de las especies
Authors: Cardona-Piedrahíta Luisa Fernanda , Castaño-Zapata Jairo , Ceballos Aguirre Nelson 
Published: October 2016

<p>Meloidogyne spp. es un problema de gran importancia económica en el cultivo de tomate tipo cherry, causando pérdidas en rendimiento del 25 al 50%, lo cual conlleva a la búsqueda de materiales silvestres resistentes o promisorios. El objetivo de este trabajo fue contribuir en el conocimiento de la epidemiología del nematodo del Nudo radical, causado por Meloidogyne spp. en quince introducciones de tomate silvestre tipo cereza sembrados a libre exposición y bajo semitecho y, determinar las especies de Meloidogyne presentes en el cultivo. Se utilizó un diseño de parcelas divididas, las parcelas principales fueron asignadas a los dos sistemas de producción (libre exposición y semitecho), mientras que las subparcelas fueron asignadas a las introducciones de tomate, con cuatro repeticiones. El tamaño efectivo de la unidad experimental fue de cuatro plantas por repetición. Se evaluó el daño radical causado por el nematodo y se hizo identificación de especies tanto en hembras como en juveniles (J2). Se realizó un análisis de varianza y pruebas de promedio tipo Duncan. En el sistema productivo a libre exposición la población de nematodos osciló entre 29.472 en IAC1624 y 170.804 en IAC421 con un promedio de 97.677 nematodos y en el sistema bajo semitecho, osciló entre 57.871 en IAC391 y 197.800 en LA2692 con un promedio de 108.572 nematodos, lo que demuestra que este sistema reduce el ciclo del nematodo, y por consiguiente, aumenta la población. Las especies identificadas según el método del patrón perineal sobre las hembras fueron Meloidogyne incognita (80%) y Meloidogyne javanica (20%). © 2016. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.</p>
O acervo do Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo, Comarca de Campinas
Authors: Fraccaro Laura Candian 
Published: October 2016

O presente texto tem como objetivo fazer uma análise histórica da constituição do fundo do Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo, Comarca de Campinas, que se encontra sob guarda do Centro de Memória da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (CMU). O referido acervo contém por volta de 50 mil documentos, entre processos judiciais e testamentos e quase duas centenas de livros de registros de assuntos diversos. O reconhecimento da importância de acervos judiciais, como o descrito aqui, está fortemente entrelaçado com os movimentos da história e da historiografia. Nessa breve análise, pretendo demonstrar como o surgimento de novos protagonistas na história fomentou a necessidade de guarda e preservação de documentos, principalmente, os judiciais.
Revitalization of a 75-Year-Old Multi-Layered Permian Basin Field Results in 10-Fold Increase in Primary Production
Authors: Keiser Leslie J. , Sisemore Nathan A. , Barnhill Emily L. , Bowser Peter D. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The Permian Basin in West Texas contains one of the thickest deposits of Permian rocks found anywhere in the world. The Embar-B lease located in southern Andrews County on the Central Basin Platform (a regional structural high in the Permian Basin) has been producing from the Leonardian Clearfork formation for over 70 years. The Clearfork formation is primarily a subtidal and intertidal carbonate rock characterized as moderate quality reservoir. Most Permian Basin fields have multiple stacked reservoirs with varying degrees of reservoir quality and there is typically a need in these maturing fields to increase reservoir contact. In 2009, a drilling campaign was launched in Embar-B with a focus on expanding the completion interval to include what was previously considered marginal pay in the deeper Wichita Albany formation. The Wichita Albany, also Leonardian in age, is composed mostly of marginal quality tidal flat rocks and is characterized by high fracture gradients and low permeability. These characteristics required an advancement in completion practices to achieve a successful stimulation. The combination of improved completions practices and an expanded target interval resulted in production double that of previous wells. This success has driven a need for an innovative development strategy and continued optimization of completion practices.
Geomodeling, volumetrics, reservoir simulation, seismic attribute analysis and oil fingerprinting were all used for reservoir characterization and to determine an allocation method for commingled wells. This lead to the identification of several Clearfork/Wichita Albany locations with significant reserves potential. Re-evaluation of the completion strategy using a multidisciplinary approach indicated the need to reduce the number of perforation clusters, add a diversion mechanism, and develop multiple hydraulic fracturing designs based on reservoir quality and presence of natural fractures. Results from recent drilling programs have exceeded expectations bringing lease production up from 200 BOEPD in 2009 to a peak rate of 3153 BOEPD in 2015.
Intelligent HSE Big Data Analytics Platform Promotes Occupational Safety
Authors: Tarrahi Mohammadali , Shadravan Arash 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Occupational safety databases and their incident records constitute a need to utilize big data analytics to manage risk and enhance safety. HSE big data analytics focus attention on main incidents, help safety champions to better recognize the near misses and make the work environment safer for employees. This paper presents a powerful HSE big data analytics platform which is capable of analyzing complex records based on area (state), category, industry, occupation, type of event and sources. An example database by Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) is used in this study which includes 1278 industries, 846 sources of injury, 257 events or exposures, 898 occupations, 9 age groups, 6 times of incident in a day, 18 natures of incident, 17 injured body parts and 18 worker locations between 2011 and 2014. This tool can query various scenarios, classify and pre-process details of the incidents and perform HSE risk analysis. This algorithm is capable of executing HSE predictive modeling by machine learning methods and comprehensively assists safety champions on taking appropriate preventive measures.
In this paper, we present how this HSE big data analytics algorithm promotes safety in oil and gas occupations such rotary drill operators, derrick and service unit operators, roustabouts, petroleum engineers, geological and petroleum technicians, petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers, wellhead pumpers, environmental engineers and mechanical engineers. These occupations were at businesses involved with drilling oil and gas wells, oil and gas extraction, support activities for oil and gas operations, oil and gas pipeline and related structures construction, pipeline transportation of crude oil, oil and gas field machinery and equipment manufacturing, pipeline transportation of natural gas, petroleum refineries, petroleum and coal products manufacturing, petroleum bulk stations and terminals, petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers, natural gas distribution and gasoline stations.