bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recursive Exponentially Weighted N-way Partial Least Squares Regression with Recursive-Validation of Hyper-Parameters in Brain-Computer Interface Applications
Authors: Eliseyev Andrey , Auboiroux Vincent , Costecalde Thomas , Langar Lilia , Charvet Guillaume , Mestais Corinne , Aksenova Tetiana , Benabid Alim-Louis 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA tensor-input/tensor-output Recursive Exponentially Weighted N-Way Partial Least Squares (REW-NPLS) regression algorithm is proposed for high dimension multi-way (tensor) data treatment and adaptive modeling of complex processes in real-time. The method unites fast and efficient calculation schemes of the Recursive Exponentially Weighted PLS with the robustness of tensor-based approaches. Moreover, contrary to other multi-way recursive algorithms, no loss of information occurs in the REW-NPLS. In addition, the Recursive-Validation method for recursive estimation of the hyper-parameters is proposed instead of conventional cross-validation procedure. The approach was then compared to state-of-the-art methods. The efficiency of the methods was tested in electrocorticography (ECoG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) datasets. The algorithms are implemented in software suitable for real-time operation. Although the Brain-Computer Interface applications are used to demonstrate the methods, the proposed approaches could be efficiently used in a wide range of tasks beyond neuroscience uniting complex multi-modal data structures, adaptive modeling, and real-time computational requirements.
Degradation Mechanism of Ag Nanorods for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Bachenheimer Lou , Scherzer Ryan , Elliott Paul , Stagon Stephen , Gasparov Lev , Huang Hanchen 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis paper reports a degradation mechanism of silver (Ag) nanorods that are used as substrates for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The attachment of sulfur and hydrocarbons to the surfaces of Ag nanorods is observed when they are stored in ambient over four months. This attachment is observed to correlate with ~20% decrease in SERS signal. The attachment, and thereby the signal degradation, takes three weeks to complete, and remains stable after the initial decay over the rest of the four month test period. While this degradation mechanism is a limitation to the gross enhancement, the ensuing stability beyond three weeks is encouraging.
Functional connectivity of the cortical network supporting statistical learning in musicians and non-musicians: an MEG study
Authors: Paraskevopoulos Evangelos , Chalas Nikolas , Bamidis Panagiotis 
Published: November 2017

AbstractStatistical learning is a cognitive process of great importance for the detection and representation of environmental regularities. Complex cognitive processes such as statistical learning usually emerge as a result of the activation of widespread cortical areas functioning in dynamic networks. The present study investigated the cortical large-scale network supporting statistical learning of tone sequences in humans. The reorganization of this network related to musical expertise was assessed via a cross-sectional comparison of a group of musicians to a group of non-musicians. The cortical responses to a statistical learning paradigm incorporating an oddball approach were measured via Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) recordings. Large-scale connectivity of the cortical activity was calculated via a statistical comparison of the estimated transfer entropy in the sources’ activity. Results revealed the functional architecture of the network supporting the processing of statistical learning, highlighting the prominent role of informational processing pathways that bilaterally connect superior temporal and intraparietal sources with the left IFG. Musical expertise is related to extensive reorganization of this network, as the group of musicians showed a network comprising of more widespread and distributed cortical areas as well as enhanced global efficiency and increased contribution of additional temporal and frontal sources in the information processing pathway.
Biased and unbiased perceptual decision-making on vocal emotions
Authors: Dricu Mihai , Ceravolo Leonardo , Grandjean Didier , Frühholz Sascha 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPerceptual decision-making on emotions involves gathering sensory information about the affective state of another person and forming a decision on the likelihood of a particular state. These perceptual decisions can be of varying complexity as determined by different contexts. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging and a region of interest approach to investigate the brain activation and functional connectivity behind two forms of perceptual decision-making. More complex unbiased decisions on affective voices recruited an extended bilateral network consisting of the posterior inferior frontal cortex, the orbitofrontal cortex, the amygdala, and voice-sensitive areas in the auditory cortex. Less complex biased decisions on affective voices distinctly recruited the right mid inferior frontal cortex, pointing to a functional distinction in this region following decisional requirements. Furthermore, task-induced neural connectivity revealed stronger connections between these frontal, auditory, and limbic regions during unbiased relative to biased decision-making on affective voices. Together, the data shows that different types of perceptual decision-making on auditory emotions have distinct patterns of activations and functional coupling that follow the decisional strategies and cognitive mechanisms involved during these perceptual decisions.
Functional analysis of photosynthetic pigment binding complexes in the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis reveals distribution of astaxanthin in Photosystems
Authors: Mascia Francesco , Girolomoni Laura , Alcocer Marcelo J. P. , Bargigia Ilaria , Perozeni Federico , Cazzaniga Stefano , Cerullo Giulio , D’Andrea Cosimo , Ballottari Matteo 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAstaxanthin is a ketocarotenoid produced by photosynthetic microalgae. It is a pigment of high industrial interest in acquaculture, cosmetics, and nutraceutics due to its strong antioxidant power. Haematococcus pluvialis, a fresh-water microalga, accumulates high levels of astaxanthin upon oxidative stress, reaching values up to 5% per dry weight. H. pluvialis accumulates astaxanthin in oil droplets in the cytoplasm, while the chloroplast volume is reduced. In this work, we investigate the biochemical and spectroscopic properties of the H. pluvialis pigment binding complexes responsible for light harvesting and energy conversion. Our findings demonstrate that the main features of chlorophyll and carotenoid binding complexes previously reported for higher plants or Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are preserved under control conditions. Transition to astaxanthin rich cysts however leads to destabilization of the Photosystems. Surprisingly, astaxanthin was found to be bound to both Photosystem I and II, partially substituting β-carotene, and thus demonstrating possible astaxanthin biosynthesis in the plastids or transport from the cytoplasm to the chloroplast. Astaxanthin binding to Photosystems does not however improve their photoprotection, but rather reduces the efficiency of excitation energy transfer to the reaction centers. We thus propose that astaxanthin binding partially destabilizes Photosystem I and II.
Ultra-short pulse propagation model for multi-core fibers based on local modes
Authors: Macho Ortiz Andrés , García-Meca Carlos , Fraile-Peláez Francisco Javier , Cortés-Juan Frederic , Llorente Sáez Roberto 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMulti-core fibers (MCFs) have sparked a new paradigm in optical communications and open new possibilities and applications in experimental physics and other fields of science, such as biological and medical imaging. In many of these cases, ultra-short pulse propagation is revealed as a key factor that enables us to exploit the full potential of this technology. Unfortunately, the propagation of such pulses in real MCFs has not yet been modelled considering polarization effects or typical random medium perturbations, which usually give rise to both longitudinal and temporal birefringent effects. Using the concept of local modes, we develop here an accurate ultra-short pulse propagation model that rigorously accounts for these phenomena in single-mode MCFs. Based on this theory, we demonstrate analytically and numerically the intermodal dispersion between different LP01 polarized core modes induced by these random perturbations when propagating femtosecond pulses in the linear and nonlinear fiber regimes. The ever-decreasing core-to-core distance significantly enhances the intermodal dispersion induced by these birefringent effects, which can become the major physical impairment in the single-mode regime. To demonstrate the power of our model, we give explicit strategies to reduce the impact of this optical impairment by increasing the MCF perturbations.
The spatial extent of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons emission in the Herbig star HD 179218
Authors: Taha A. S. , Labadie L. , Pantin E. , Matter A. , Alvarez C. , Esquej P. , Grellmann R. , Rebolo R. , Telesco C. , Wolf S. 
Published: November 2017

Aim. We investigate, in the mid-infrared, the spatial properties of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emission in the disk of HD 179218, an intermediate-mass Herbig star at ~300 pc.
Methods. We obtained mid-infrared images in the PAH-1, PAH-2 and Si-6 filters centered at 8.6, 11.3, and 12.5 μm, and N-band low-resolution spectra using CanariCam on the 10-m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC). We compared the point spread function (PSF) profiles measured in the PAH filters to the profile derived in the Si-6 filter, where the thermal continuum emission dominates. We performed radiative transfer modeling of the spectral energy distribution (SED) and produced synthetic images in the three filters to investigate different spatial scenarios.
Results. Our data show that the disk emission is spatially resolved in the PAH-1 and PAH-2 filters, while unresolved in the Si-6 filter. Thanks to very good observing conditions, an average full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 0.232′′, 0.280′′ and 0.293′′ is measured in the three filters, respectively. Gaussian disk fitting and quadratic subtraction of the science and calibrator PSFs suggests a lower-limit characteristic angular diameter of the emission of ~100 mas, or ~30 au. The photometric and spectroscopic results are compatible with previous findings. Our radiative transfer (RT) modeling of the continuum suggests that the resolved emission should result from PAH molecules on the disk atmosphere being UV-excited by the central star. Simple geometrical models of the PAH component compared to the underlying continuum point to a PAH emission uniformly extended out to the physical limits of the disk model. Furthermore, our RT best model of the continuum requires a negative exponent of the surface density power-law, in contrast with earlier modeling pointing to a positive exponent.
Conclusions. We have spatially resolved – for the first time to our knowledge – the PAHs emission in the disk of HD 179218 and set constraints on its spatial extent. Based on spatial and spectroscopic considerations as well as on qualitative comparison with IRS 48 and HD 97048, we favor a scenario in which PAHs extend out to large radii across the flared disk surface and are at the same time predominantly in an ionized charge state due to the strong UV radiation field of the 180 L⊙ central star.
Clinical Course and Treatment in MOG Antibody Seropositive Children: A Case Series
Authors: Kim Grace , Saxena Shrishti , Chitnis Tanuja 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMyelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies have been associated with pediatric demyelinating diseases. The clinical course in a patient with MOG positivity is variable but not well-characterized. Here, we describe the clinical course and treatment in MOG antibody positive demyelinating diseases in our pediatric population. This case series is of 13 patients who tested MOG antibody positive: two relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS), seven acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis (ADEM) or ADEM-optic neuritis (ADEM-ON), two clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), and two neuromyelitis optica (NMO). These patients appear to have more relapses, requiring more medications including IV steroids and IVIG. These patients are also more likely to start on disease modifying therapy (DMT) earlier, and β-interferon appears to not prevent relapses. MOG antibody positivity could provide as a marker for predicting frequent relapses in RR-MS and NMO patients, allowing for therapeutic intervention with earlier DMT.
Fallbeispiele zur Anwendung von Heilpilzen in der Tiermedizin
Authors: Thiede Svenja 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungIm vorliegenden Artikel wird die Mykotherapie als Möglichkeit eines individuellen, ganzheitlichen Therapieansatzes für Tiere vorgestellt. Die verwendeten Heilpilze und ihre Wirkungsweise werden kurz vorgestellt und Anwendungsbeispiele gegeben.
Beziehungsprüfung Parkinson! Geschlechtsspezifische psychische Belastungen bei Angehörigen von Morbus Parkinson-Patienten und ihr Zusammenhang zu wahrgenommenen Defiziten
Authors: Braukhaus Christoph , Jahnke Uwe , Zimmermann Tanja 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungDie neurodegenerative Erkrankung des Idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndroms geht mit einer hohen Belastung für die Betroffenen und einem deutlichen Verlust des partnerschaftlichen Funktionsniveaus einher. Angehörige von Patienten (N=110) wurden in der vorliegenden Studie mittels Fragebogen zur eigenen Depressivität (PHQ-9), zur eigenen Progredienzangst (PA-F-P-KF), zur Partnerschaftsqualität (PFB) sowie zu den wahrgenommenen Alltags- und nonverbalen Defiziten der Patienten befragt. 26% der Frauen und 11% der Männer zeigten Depressivitätswerte über dem Cut-off, 51% der Frauen und 41% der Männer dysfunktionale Progredienzangst und ca. 60% klassifizierten ihre Partnerschaft als unglücklich. Die Schwere der Symptomatik und ihre Belastung weisen eine deutliche Geschlechtsspezifität auf: Männliche Parkinson-Patienten werden von ihren Partnerinnen als von einer stärkeren Symptomatik betroffen eingeschätzt, Frauen weisen als Angehörige von Parkinson-Patienten mehr psychische Belastung auf. Hier zeigt sich ein starker korrelativer Zusammenhang zwischen Alltagsdefiziten und Depressivität (r=0,40, p<0,05), Progredienzangst (r=0,40, p<0,05) und Partnerschaftsqualität (r=−0,52, p<0,05) sowie nonverbalen Defiziten und Depressivität (r=0,37, p<0,05), Progredienzangst (r=0,27, p<0,05) und Partnerschaftsqualität (r=−0,49, p<0,05). Mittels Regressionsanalysen zur Vorhersage von Partnerschaftsqualität konnte ein Regressionsmodell mit 46% Aufklärung entwickelt werden. Kognitive Einschränkungen im Alltag, mangelnder Blickkontakt, körperliche Beweglichkeit und Schmerzen stellten sich als stärkste Prädiktorvariablen heraus. Der starke Zusammenhang zwischen Partnerschaftsqualität und Einschränkungen des Morbus Parkinson-Betroffenen wird auf die Frage hin diskutiert, ob nicht gezielte paartherapeutische Interventionen hilfreich für den möglichst langen Erhalt der Partnerschaftsqualität sein können.
Geburtshilfliche Anästhesie: Altbewährtes, Kontroversen und neue Perspektiven – Teil 2
Authors: Kranke Peter , Annecke Thorsten , Bremerich Dorothee , Chappell Daniel , Girard Thierry , Gogarten Wiebke , Hanß Robert , Kaufner Lutz , Neuhaus Sophie , Ninke Tobias , Standl Thomas , Weber Stefan , Jelting Yvonne , Volk Thomas 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungIn der „Whatʼs New in Obstetric Anesthesia“ Lecture, die jedem an der anästhesiologischen Kreißsaalversorgung Interessierten in abgedruckter Form sehr ans Herz gelegt werden kann, werden seit 1975 durch die Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology die im Rahmen des Annual Meeting als relevant für die klinische Versorgung erachteten Vorträge zusammengefasst. Nach dem Tode von Gerard W. Ostheimer, Professor of Anesthesiology im Brigham and Womenʼs Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, wurde sie zur Gerard W. Ostheimer „Whatʼs New in Obstetric Anesthesia“ Lecture umbenannt, um dessen Beiträge zur Regionalanästhesie und geburtshilflichen Anästhesie zu würdigen. Jedes Jahr gewährt die von ausgewählten Fachvertretern gehaltene Veranstaltung und ihr Abdruck in namhaften Anästhesie-Journalen Einblick in eine kritische Würdigung rezenter Literatur und die möglichen Konsequenzen für – aber nicht nur – die anästhesiologische Kreißsaalpraxis.Eine ähnliche Veranstaltung hat in Deutschland seit über 16 Jahren Tradition: Das Geburtshilfliche Anästhesiesymposium des Wissenschaftlichen Arbeitskreises Regionalanästhesie und Geburtshilfliche Anästhesie. Anders als in den von Einzelpersonen gehaltenen Vortragsveranstaltungen werden „Evergreens“ oder „Hot Topics“ der anästhesiologischen Kreißsaalversorgung in regelmäßigem Zyklus oder aus aktuellem Anlass aufgegriffen, präsentiert und vor allem diskutiert. In den Vortragsveranstaltungen offenbart sich oft wesentlich früher als in traditionellen Lehrbuchkapiteln der subtile Wandel in Hinblick auf die diskutierten Themen.Der 2-teilige Beitrag fasst das Symposium 2016 zusammen, stellt jedoch keine offizielle Meinungsbekundung seitens des Arbeitskreises dar. Teil 1 geht auf mütterliche Todesursachen während Schwangerschaft, Geburt und Stillzeit sowie strukturelle Voraussetzungen im Kreißsaal, Adipositas in der Schwangerschaft und Sepsis bei der Schwangeren und im Wochenbett ein. Teil 2 behandelt etablierte Standards und neue Perspektiven im Rahmen der geburtshilflichen Analgesie und Anästhesie bezüglich Epiduralanalgesie, postpunktionellem Kopfschmerz, Anästhesie und Analgesie während und nach Sectio, hämodynamischem Monitoring und postpartaler Blutung.
Pseudophake additive Intraokularlinsen
Authors: Hengerer Fritz , Conrad-Hengerer Ina 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die derzeit verfügbaren Implantate der Add-on-Intraokularlinsen und deren Indikationen. Auch abseits der rein refraktiven Korrekturlinsen werden Linsensysteme für Patienten mit Makulaerkrankungen vorgestellt. Darüber hinaus geht der Beitrag auf die besonderen Komplikationsmöglichkeiten der verschiedenen Techniken und Materialien ein.
Berechnungen von Intraokularlinsen zwecks Minimierung postoperativer vertikaler Anisometropie
Authors: Methling Dieter 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungModerne Messgeräte berechnen präoperativ die Werte für die zu implantierenden Intraokularlinsen. Dies geschieht bisher für jedes Auge getrennt. Es gibt keine Information zu der postoperativen binokularen Wirkung, insbesondere der vertikalen Anisometropie (Differenz der vertikalen Hauptschnittswerte der korrigierenden rechten und der korrigierenden linken Brillenlinse). Es wird hier ein Programm vorgestellt, mit dem die Intraokularlinsen für beide Augen so berechnet werden, dass postoperativ nur eine sehr geringe vertikale Anisometropie ≤ 0,5 dpt resultiert.
Cardioprotective Effect of Hydroxysafflor Yellow A via the Cardiac Permeability Transition Pore
Authors: Huber Gavin , Priest Sydney , Geisbuhler Timothy 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMyocardial ischemia damages cardiac myocytes in part via opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Preventing this poreʼs opening is therefore a useful therapeutic goal in treating cardiovascular disease. Hydroxysafflor yellow A has been proposed as a nontoxic alternative to other agents that modulate mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. In this study, we proposed that hydroxysafflor yellow A prevents mitochondrial permeability transition pore formation in anoxic cardiac myocytes, and thus protects the cell from damage seen during reoxygenation of the cardiac myocytes. Experiments with hydroxysafflor yellow A transport in aerobic myocytes show that roughly 50% of the extracellular dye concentration crosses the cell membrane in a 2-h incubation. In our anoxia/reoxygenation protocol, hydroxysafflor yellow A modulated both the reduction of viability and the loss of rod-shaped cells that attend anoxia and reoxygenation. Hydroxysafflor yellow Aʼs protective effect was similar to that of cyclosporin A, an agent known to inhibit mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. In additional experiments, plated myocytes were loaded with calcein/MitoTracker Red, then examined for intracellular dye distribution/morphology after anoxia/reoxygenation. Hydroxysafflor yellow A-containing cells showed a cardioprotective pattern similar to that of cyclosporin A (an agent known to close the mitochondrial permeability transition pore). We conclude that hydroxysafflor yellow A can enter the cardiac myocyte and is able to modulate anoxia/reoxygenation-induced damage by interacting with the mitochondrial permeability transition pore.
Maternal prolactin during late pregnancy is important in generating nurturing behavior in the offspring
Authors: Sairenji Taku James , Ikezawa Jun , Kaneko Ryosuke , Masuda Shinnosuke , Uchida Kaoru , Takanashi Yurie , Masuda Hiroko , Sairenji Tomoko , Amano Izuki , Takatsuru Yusuke , Sayama Kazutoshi , Haglund Kaisa , Dikic Ivan , Koibuchi Noriyuki , Shimokawa Noriaki 
Published: November 2017

Significance
Maternal child neglect is an increasingly prevalent public health issue, but the underlying biologic processes causing this phenomenon are still largely unknown. This study examines the prenatal environment of mice that later exhibit neglectful behavior. We have found that, in mice, factors determining the neglect phenotype in a mother are present during her own fetal period. We present evidence that maternal prolactin (PRL) could be a key factor for generating nurturing behavior in offspring by activating neural circuits required for the expression of nurturing behaviors. Although PRL is known as a trigger for maternal behavior in dams, this is a function of PRL that has a transgenerational impact.
FMRFamide-like peptides expand the behavioral repertoire of a densely connected nervous system
Authors: Lee James Siho , Shih Pei-Yin , Schaedel Oren N. , Quintero-Cadena Porfirio , Rogers Alicia K. , Sternberg Paul W. 
Published: November 2017

SignificanceUnder environmental stress, animals can adopt different forms and behaviors through phenotypic plasticity. The roundwormCaenorhabditis eleganscan exit reproductive growth and enter the stress-resistant dauer larval stage. We investigated phenotypic plasticity in a whole organism by comparing gene expression during dauer and reproductive development using RNA sequencing. As animals entered dauer, we observed striking up-regulation of neuronal signaling peptides, which promote the dauer-entry decision instead of reproductive growth. These neuropeptides also enable new behaviors in dauers for exploiting carrier animals for dispersal. Neuropeptides are similarly up-regulated in the infective, dauer-like stages of parasitic roundworms, indicating dauer as a strong model for studying parasitic behaviors. Our investigation reveals that neuropeptides can alter developmental decision-making and behavior in stressedC. elegans.