bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient safety during radiological examinations: a nationwide survey of residency training hospitals in Taiwan
Authors: Lee Yuan-Hao , Chen Clayton Chi-Chang , Lee San-Kan , Chen Cheng-Yu , Wan Yung-Liang , Guo Wan-Yuo , Cheng Amy , Chan Wing P 
Published: September 2016

ObjectivesVariations in radiological examination procedures and patient load lead to variations in standards of care related to patient safety and healthcare quality. To understand the status of safety measures to protect patients undergoing radiological examinations at residency training hospitals in Taiwan, a follow-up survey evaluating the full spectrum of diagnostic radiology procedures was conducted.DesignQuestionnaires covering 12 patient safety-related themes throughout the examination procedures were mailed to the departments of diagnostic radiology with residency training programmes in 19 medical centres (with >500 beds) and 17 smaller local institutions in Taiwan. After receiving the responses, all themes in 2014 were compared between medical centres and local institutions by using χ2or 2-sample t-tests.ParticipantsRadiology Directors or Technology Chiefs of medical centres and local institutions in Taiwan participated in this survey by completing and returning the questionnaires.ResultsThe response rates of medical centres and local institutions were 95% and 100%, respectively. As indicated, large medical centres carried out more frequent clinically ordered, radiologist-guided patient education to prepare patients for specific examinations (CT, 28% vs 6%; special procedures, 78% vs 44%) and incident review and analysis (89% vs 47%); however, they required significantly longer access time for MRI examinations (7.00±29.50 vs 3.50±3.50 days), had more yearly incidents of large-volume contrast-medium extravasation (2.75±1.00 vs 1.00±0.75 cases) and blank radiographs (41% vs 8%), lower monthly rates of suboptimal (but interpretable) radiographs (0.00±0.01% vs 0.64±1.84%) and high-risk reminder reporting (0.01±0.16% vs 1.00±1.75%) than local institutions.ConclusionsOur study elucidates the status of patient safety in diagnostic radiology in Taiwan, thereby providing helpful information to improve patient safety guidelines needed for medical imaging in the future.
Smoking cessation care among patients with head and neck cancer: a systematic review
Authors: McCarter Kristen , Martínez Úrsula , Britton Ben , Baker Amanda , Bonevski Billie , Carter Gregory , Beck Alison , Wratten Chris , Guillaumier Ashleigh , Halpin Sean A , Wolfenden Luke 
Published: September 2016

ObjectiveTo examine the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions in improving cessation rates and smoking related behaviour in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC).DesignA systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials.MethodsWe searched the following data sources: CENTRAL in the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and CINAHL up to February 2016. A search of reference lists of included studies and Google Scholar (first 200 citations published online between 2000 and February 2016) was also undertaken. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool (EPHPP). 2 study authors independently screened and extracted data with disagreements resolved via consensus.ResultsOf the 5167 studies identified, 3 were eligible and included in the review. Trial designs of included studies were 2 randomised controlled trials and 1 non-randomised controlled trial. 2 studies received a weak methodological rating and 1 received a moderate methodological rating. The trials examine the impact of the following interventions: (1) nurse delivered cognitive–behaviour therapy (CBT) via telephone and accompanied by a workbook, combined with pharmacotherapy; (2) nurse and physician brief advice to quit and information booklets combined with pharmacotherapy; and (3) surgeon delivered enhanced advice to quit smoking augmented by booster sessions. Only the trial of the nurse delivered CBT and pharmacotherapy reported significant increases in smoking cessation rates. 1 study measured quit attempts and the other assessed consumption of cigarettes per day and readiness to change. There was no significant improvement in quit attempts or cigarettes smoked per day among patients in the intervention groups, relative to control.ConclusionsThere are very few studies evaluating the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions that report results specific to the HNC population. The 3 trials identified reported equivocal findings. Extended CBT counselling coupled with pharmacotherapy may be effective.Trial registration numberCRD42016016421.
Comparison of count-based multimorbidity measures in predicting emergency admission and functional decline in older community-dwelling adults: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Wallace Emma , McDowell Ronald , Bennett Kathleen , Fahey Tom , Smith Susan M 
Published: September 2016

ObjectivesMultimorbidity, defined as the presence of 2 or more chronic medical conditions in an individual, is associated with poorer health outcomes. Several multimorbidity measures exist, and the challenge is to decide which to use preferentially in predicting health outcomes. The study objective was to compare the performance of 5 count-based multimorbidity measures in predicting emergency hospital admission and functional decline in older community-dwelling adults attending primary care.Setting15 general practices (GPs) in Ireland.Participantsn=862, ≥70 years, community-dwellers followed-up for 2 years (2010–2012).Exposure at baseline: Five multimorbidity measures (disease counts, selected conditions counts, Charlson comorbidity index, RxRisk-V, medication counts) calculated using GP medical record and linked national pharmacy claims data.Primary outcomes(1) Emergency admission and ambulatory care sensitive (ACS) admission (GP medical record) and (2) functional decline (postal questionnaire).Statistical analysisDescriptive statistics and measure discrimination (c-statistic, 95% CIs), adjusted for confounders.ResultsMedian age was 77 years and 53% were women. Prevalent rates ranged from 37% to 91% depending on which measure was used to define multimorbidity. All measures demonstrated poor discrimination for the outcome of emergency admission (c-statistic range: 0.62, 0.65), ACS admission (c-statistic range: 0.63, 0.68) and functional decline (c-statistic range: 0.55, 0.61). Medication-based measures were equivalent to diagnosis-based measures.ConclusionsThe choice of measure may have a significant impact on prevalent rates. Five multimorbidity measures demonstrated poor discrimination in predicting emergency admission and functional decline, with medication-based measures equivalent to diagnosis-based measures. Consideration of multimorbidity in isolation is insufficient for predicting these outcomes in community settings.
Variations in GPs' decisions to investigate suspected lung cancer: a factorial experiment using multimedia vignettes
Authors: Sheringham Jessica , Sequeira Rachel , Myles Jonathan , Hamilton William , McDonnell Joe , Offman Judith , Duffy Stephen , Raine Rosalind 
Published: September 2016

IntroductionLung cancer survival is low and comparatively poor in the UK. Patients with symptoms suggestive of lung cancer commonly consult primary care, but it is unclear how general practitioners (GPs) distinguish which patients require further investigation. This study examined how patients' clinical and sociodemographic characteristics influence GPs' decisions to initiate lung cancer investigations.MethodsA factorial experiment was conducted among a national sample of 227 English GPs using vignettes presented as simulated consultations. A multimedia-interactive website simulated key features of consultations using actors (‘patients’). GP participants made management decisions online for six ‘patients’, whose sociodemographic characteristics systematically varied across three levels of cancer risk. In low-risk vignettes, investigation (ie, chest X-ray ordered, computerised tomography scan or respiratory consultant referral) was not indicated; in medium-risk vignettes, investigation could be appropriate; in high-risk vignettes, investigation was definitely indicated. Each ‘patient’ had two lung cancer-related symptoms: one volunteered and another elicited if GPs asked. Variations in investigation likelihood were examined using multilevel logistic regression.ResultsGPs decided to investigate lung cancer in 74% (1000/1348) of vignettes. Investigation likelihood did not increase with cancer risk. Investigations were more likely when GPs requested information on symptoms that ‘patients’ had but did not volunteer (adjusted OR (AOR)=3.18; 95% CI 2.27 to 4.70). However, GPs omitted to seek this information in 42% (570/1348) of cases. GPs were less likely to investigate older than younger ‘patients’ (AOR=0.52; 95% CI 0.39 to 0.7) and black ‘patients’ than white (AOR=0.68; 95% CI 0.48 to 0.95).ConclusionsGPs were not more likely to investigate ‘patients’ with high-risk than low-risk cancer symptoms. Furthermore, they did not investigate everyone with the same symptoms equally. Insufficient data gathering could be responsible for missed opportunities in diagnosis.
DSA-Dynavision in pretreatment planning for coil embolization of indirect carotid–cavernous fistula
Authors: Botsford Alex , Shankar Jai Jai Shiva 
Published: September 2016

IntroductionIndirect carotid cavernous fistulas are treated with coil embolization when they present with orbital/visual symptoms or if there is cortical venous reflux. Most of the time, the treatment is done by non-specifically packing the whole cavernous sinus with coils. The purpose of this case series was to examine whether DSA-Dynavision before embolization would improve treatment by shortening the procedure time, requiring fewer coils, or reducing the complication rate.Materials and method8 patients with 9 fistula sites were retrospectively identified. DSA-Dynavision and non-DSA-Dynavision patients were compared in a retrospective cohort study.ResultsMean total coil length was significantly shorter for the group who had DSA-Dynavision than for those who had non-DSA-Dynavision (130.5 cm vs 190 cm, p=0.034) and mean procedural time was significantly shorter for the DSA-Dynavision group (171.1 min vs 280.3 min, p=0.025). A transient neurological complication was seen in only one patient.ConclusionsThe use of DSA-Dynavision in pre-procedural planning facilitates selective coil embolization of the foot of the vein.
The studies of the spin Hamiltonian parameters and local structures for various 3d3 hexacyanometallates of paramagnetic salts with diluents
Authors: Dong Hui-Ning , Liu Xu-Sheng , Zhou Hong-Fei 
Published: September 2016

The spin Hamiltonian parameters (SHPs) ([Formula: see text] factors, hyperfine structure constants and zero-field splittings (ZFSs)) and local structures for various [Formula: see text] hexacyanometallates of paramagnetic salts K3Cr(CN)6 and K4V(CN)[Formula: see text]3H2O with the diluents K3Co(CN)6, K3Mn(CN)6 and K4Fe(CN)[Formula: see text]3H2O are theoretically investigated from the perturbation calculations of these parameters for a rhombically distorted octahedral [Formula: see text] cluster. The paramagnetic systems are found to undergo the local axial distortions [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]0.19, −0.18 and 0.09 Å[Formula: see text] and the planar bond angle variations [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] 3.5[Formula: see text], 5.3[Formula: see text] and 1.4[Formula: see text] for K3Cr(CN)6 with K3Co(CN)6, K3Cr(CN)6 with K3Mn(CN)6 and K4V(CN)[Formula: see text]3H2O with K4Fe(CN)[Formula: see text] 3H2O, respectively. The signs for ZFSs [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are analyzed in the light of those for [Formula: see text] and the rhombic distortion angle [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] related to an ideal octahedron. Microscopically, the magnitudes of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] can be conveniently illustrated by the axial (ADD) and perpendicular distortion degrees (PDD), respectively, for the paramagnetic systems with the corresponding diluents. The local structural properties are analyzed from the relative ionic radius deviation [Formula: see text] of the equivalent diluent cation from the host paramagnetic cation, the axial and perpendicular ZFS variations [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for ZFSs with the diluent related to the host, the relative deviation [Formula: see text]Dq of the cubic crystal-field parameter for the diluent related to the host. The above studies would be helpful to the investigations on synthesis, structures and properties of [Formula: see text] hexacyanometallates in paramagnetic salts.
Geological structural controls on stability of footwall slopes: an example from the Bowen Basin, Queensland
Authors: Pope D. , Duran A. , Grocott G. , Holm O. , Bell A. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Surface mining of coal can involve extensive footwall slopes parallel to shallow to moderately dipping coal measures strata. Footwall failure mechanisms typically invoke bedding-parallel defects but also require either the existence of flatter structures, which cross-cut bedding, or require break-out through the rock mass to allow failure surfaces to emerge.
Permian-aged Baralaba Coal Measures of the Bowen Basin, Queensland, are prospective for coal with extraction by open-pit methods. The Baralaba Coal Measures contains multiple seams within an interburden sequence comprising sandstone, siltstone, mudstone and carbonaceous variations. The coal measures sequence has been deformed into a complex pattern of NW-striking folds which has resulted in bedding dip ranging from 15° to 60°. Bedding has been classified as shallow (10–30°) to moderate (30–60°).
Geotechnical investigations conducted to support coal extraction up to depths of 200 m suggest that structural controls strongly influence footwall slope design. For the purpose of footwall slope design, a distinction can be made between deposit areas of relatively simple structure (uniformly dipping bedding on fold limbs) and structurally complex areas (where layer-parallel shortening close to fold hinges has resulted in a system of low-angle thrusts and asymmetrical minor folds).
Nutritional Stress Induced by Tryptophan-Degrading Enzymes Results in ATF4-Dependent Reprogramming of the Amino Acid Transporter Profile in Tumor Cells
Authors: Timosenko Elina , Ghadbane Hemza , Silk Jonathan D. , Shepherd Dawn , Gileadi Uzi , Howson Lauren J. , Laynes Robert , Zhao Qi , Strausberg Robert L. , Olsen Lars R. , Taylor Stephen , Buffa Francesca M. , Boyd Richard , Cerundolo Vincenzo 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Tryptophan degradation is an immune escape strategy shared by many tumors. However, cancer cells' compensatory mechanisms remain unclear. We demonstrate here that a shortage of tryptophan caused by expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) resulted in ATF4-dependent upregulation of several amino acid transporters, including SLC1A5 and its truncated isoforms, which in turn enhanced tryptophan and glutamine uptake. Importantly, SLC1A5 failed to be upregulated in resting human T cells kept under low tryptophan conditions but was enhanced upon cognate antigen T-cell receptor engagement. Our results highlight key differences in the ability of tumor and T cells to adapt to tryptophan starvation and provide important insights into the poor prognosis of tumors coexpressing IDO and SLC1A5. Cancer Res; 76(21); 6193–204. ©2016 AACR.
BRD4 Regulates Breast Cancer Dissemination through Jagged1/Notch1 Signaling
Authors: Andrieu Guillaume , Tran Anna H. , Strissel Katherine J. , Denis Gerald V. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) proteins are epigenetic “readers” of acetylated histones in chromatin and have been identified as promising therapeutic targets in diverse cancers. However, it remains unclear how individual family members participate in cancer progression and small molecule inhibitors such as JQ1 can target functionally independent BET proteins. Here, we report a signaling pathway involving BRD4 and the ligand/receptor pair Jagged1/Notch1 that sustains triple-negative breast cancer migration and invasion. BRD4, but not BRD2 or BRD3, regulated Jagged1 expression and Notch1 signaling. BRD4-selective knockdown suppressed Notch1 activity and impeded breast cancer migration and invasion. BRD4 was required for IL6-stimulated, Notch1-induced migration and invasion, coupling microenvironment inflammation with cancer propagation. Moreover, in patients, BRD4 and Jagged1 expression positively correlated with the presence of distant metastases. These results identify a BRD4/Jagged1/Notch1 signaling pathway that is critical for dissemination of triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Res; 76(22); 6555–67. ©2016 AACR.
Ratos diabéticos são hiporeativos a drogas antiinflamatórias esteroidais e não esteroidais: efeito sobre a migração celular
Authors: Moraes Flávio Ruas de , Moraes Julieta Rodini Engracia de , Macoris Edna Akemi 
Published: September 2016

Estudou-se o efeito de drogas antiinflamatórias esteroidais (DAIE) e não-esteroidais (DAINE) sobre a pleurisia induzida pela carragenina (300 mcg) em ratos diabéticos (aloxana, 40 mg/kg, iv). Em ratos normais, indometacina (2.0 mg/kg, vo), piroxicam (10 mg/kg, vo) e dexametasona (0.25 mg/kg, ip) inibiram significativamente (P<0.01) o acúmulo de leucócitos totais (49%, 57% e 66%, respectivamente) e polimorfonucleares (50%, 60% e 66%, respectivamente). Ratos diabéticos sofreram redução no acúmulo de leucócitos totais (52%) e polimorfonucleares (58%). O tratamento de animais diabéticos com indometacina ou piroxicam não interferiu significativamente com o acúmulo de leucócitos totais ou polimorfonucleares, indicando que as drogas foram inefetivas em presença de diabetes. Por outro lado, a dexametasona foi efetiva tanto em animais normais quanto em diabéticos. Estes sofreram inibição significativa do aumento de permeabilidade vascular (24%) em comparação com animais normais. As três drogas inibiram o aumento de permeabilidade vascular à carragenina em ratos diabéticos e controles. Nas doses utilizadas DAINE mas não DAIE foram inefetivas em bloquear o acúmulo de leucócitos em ratos diabéticos. Considerando-se o efeito de drogas antiinflamatórias os resultados sugerem que o aumento de permeabilidade vascular e a migração celular sejam fenômenos independentes. O diabetes mellitus parece interferir na ação das DAINE quanto à migração celular mas não quando se considera o extravasamento plasmático induzido pelo estímulo inflamatório.
Influenza eqüina: avaliação da resposta imune humoral, através das reações de inibição da hemaglutinação e de hemólise radial simples, em soro de animais vacinados com vacina comercial e experimental
Authors: Mancini Dalva Assunção Portari , Mendonça Rita Maria Zucatelli , Pinto José Ricardo , Almeida Sebastião Teixeira de 
Published: September 2016

Foram avaliadas, através de testes de inibição da hemaglutinação (Hl) e da hemólise radial simples (HRS),as respostas de anticorpos contra influenza em 4 lotes de eqüinos adultos. O grupo do lote 01 recebeu a imunizaçãocom 2 doses de vacina contra influenza, preparada experimentalmente no Instituto Butantan. Noslotes 02 e 03, regularmente imunizados contra a influenza, foram administradas doses de reforço anual coma vacina comercial e com a vacina experimental, respectivamente. O lote 04 foi o grupo controle da avaliação.Os resultados dos testes demonstraram que as médias de títulos de HRS e IH do lote 01 apresentaram diferenças ao nível de p < 0,001, com significante aumento das médias de títulos detectados nos soros após a 2- imunização. Não foram observadas diferenças significantes entre as médias de títulos de anticorpos em soros obtidos antes e após a dose de reforço anual dos eqüinos dos lotes 02 e 03, atribuindo-se a persistênciade nível de anticorpos protetores mantida após 1 ano da imunização regular com vacina comercial. A conversão sorológica dos eqüinos do lote 01, à persistência dos títulos de anticorpos nos eqüinos dos lotes 02 e 03 e, ainda, os baixos títulos de anticorpos verificados nos eqüinos não vacinados do lote 04 comprovam o resultado da resposta sorológica das duas vacinas, a experimental e a comercial, avaliadas neste trabalho.
Estudo comparativo da resistência à tração do peritônio (bovino, eqüino, suíno e canino) a fresco e conservado em glicerina
Authors: Batista Leila Cristina , Daleck Carlos Roberto , Shimano Antonio Carlos , Alessi Antonio Carlos , Abrahão Marcos de Souza 
Published: September 2016

Inúmeras moléstias, tais como neoplasias, traumatismos, abscessos, nódulos parasitários, podem comprometer a função normal de um órgão. Isto torna necessária, muitas vezes, a correção cirúrgica com a utilização de implantes, entre eles, as membranas biológicas. A finalidade deste trabalho foi testar e analisar a influência da glicerina na resistência à tração e na elasticidade de peritônios de bovino, eqüino, suíno e canino, assim como estabelecer uma comparação entre as membranas das espécies citadas, e suas alterações histológicas. Para isso, após o sacrifício dos animais, foram retiradas amostras de peritônio, padronizadas para cada espécie. Foram obtidos, então, os corpos de prova, padronizados nas dimensões de 6 mm de largura e 50 mm dé comprimento. Os ensaios de tração foram realizados em corpos de prova a fresco e em outros mantidos em glicerina durante 15, 30 e 60 dias. Os testes foram realizados em Máquina Universal de Ensaio. Após o teste mecânico de tração, os corpos de prova foram fixados, e cortes histológicos, corados pelo método de Hematoxilina-Eosina, foram obtidos e analisados. Os resultados da tração do peritônio a fresco bovino, eqüino, suíno e canino, quando analisados os alongamentos em função das cargas aplicadas, mostraram comportamentos heterogêneos, e o ponto de ruptura das membranas foi bastante diferente entre as espécies.
Valor nutritivo do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar tratado por soluções alcalinas de cinzas de madeira e hidróxido de sódio, através de digestibilidade aparente com ovinos
Authors: Morgulis Sérgio Carlo Franco , Lucci Carlos de Sousa , Melotti Laércio 
Published: September 2016

Um ensaio de digestibilidade aparente, com ovinos machos, castrados, foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, para estudar o valor nutritivo do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar (BCA) em três tratamentos, todos por imersão: A. Soda 2% peso/volume; B. Cinzas a 30% peso/volume e C . Água. Os animais permaneceram em gaiolas metabólicas, com cinco dias de período de coleta total de fezes. Em todos os tratamentos as dietas eram compostas de 60% de BCA, 16,4% de grãos de milho, 10,4% de grãos de soja; 10,4% de farelo de algodão, 3,6% de premix mineral e vitamínico. O consumo médio diário de ração completa em quilos de MS e gramas por quilo de peso metabólico foi: A) 0,508 kg ( 31,58 g/kg); B) 0,462 kg (29,35 g/kg 0,75); e C) 0,285 kg (17,72 g/kg 0,75). Os coeficientes de digestibilidade foram: MS- 59,59%; 43,28%, 35,34% (P < 0,05); P B - 56,49%, 58,89% e 57,93%; MO - 59,29%, 48,18%, 37,51% (P<0,05); FDN - 59,22%, 43,78% e 25,88% (P < 0,05), para os tratamentos A, B e C, respectivamente. No referente a MS, MO, NDF, os tratamentos alcalinos A - soda e B - cinzas de madeira melhoraram a digestibilidade aparente do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, sendo soda (A) superior às cinzas (B).