bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface Strain Redistribution on Structured Microfibers to Enhance Sensitivity of Fiber‐Shaped Stretchable Strain Sensors
Authors: Liu Zhiyuan , Qi Dianpeng , Hu Guoyu , Wang Han , Jiang Ying , Chen Geng , Luo Yifei , Loh Xian Jun , Liedberg Bo , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFiber‐shaped stretchable strain sensors with small testing areas can be directly woven into textiles. This paves the way for the design of integrated wearable devices capable of obtaining real‐time mechanical feedback for various applications. However, for a simple fiber that undergoes uniform strain distribution during deformation, it is still a big challenge to obtain high sensitivity. Herein, a new strategy, surface strain redistribution, is reported to significantly enhance the sensitivity of fiber‐shaped stretchable strain sensors. A new method of transient thermal curing is used to achieve the large‐scale fabrication of modified elastic microfibers with intrinsic microbeads. The proposed strategy is independent of the active materials utilized and can be universally applied for various active materials. The strategy used here will shift the vision of the sensitivity enhancement method from the active materials design to the mechanical design of the elastic substrate, and the proposed strategy can also be applied to nonfiber‐shaped stretchable strain sensors.
A New Member of Electrocatalysts Based on Nickel Metaphosphate Nanocrystals for Efficient Water Oxidation
Authors: Huang Jianwen , Sun Yinghui , Zhang Yadong , Zou Guifu , Yan Chaoyi , Cong Shan , Lei Tianyu , Dai Xiao , Guo Jun , Lu Ruifeng , Li Yanrong , Xiong Jie 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHigh‐performance electrocatalysts are desired for electrochemical energy conversion, especially in the field of water splitting. Here, a new member of phosphate electrocatalysts, nickel metaphosphate (Ni2P4O12) nanocrystals, is reported, exhibiting low overpotential of 270 mV to generate the current density of 10 mA cm−2 and a superior catalytic durability of 100 h. It is worth noting that Ni2P4O12 electrocatalyst has remarkable oxygen evolution performance operating in basic media. Further experimental and theoretical analyses demonstrate that N dopant boosts the catalytic performance of Ni2P4O12 due to optimizing the surface electronic structure for better charge transfer and decreasing the adsorption energy for the oxygenic intermediates.
Selective Coassembly of Aromatic Amino Acids to Fabricate Hydrogels with Light Irradiation‐Induced Emission for Fluorescent Imprint
Authors: Xing Pengyao , Chen Hongzhong , Xiang Huijing , Zhao Yanli 
Published: December 2017

AbstractControlling the structural parameters in coassembly is crucial for the fabrication of multicomponent functional materials. Here a proof‐of‐concept study is presented to reveal the α‐substituent effect of aromatic amino acids on their selective coassembly with bipyridine binders. With the assistance of X‐ray scattering technique, it is found that individual packing in the solid state as well as bulky effect brought by α‐substitution determines the occurrence of coassembly. A well‐performed hydrogels based on the complexation between certain aromatic amino acids and bipyridine units are successfully constructed, providing unprecedented smart materials with light irradiation‐triggered luminescence. Such hydrogels without the phase separation and photobleaching during light irradiation are able to behave fluorescent imprint materials. This study provides a suitable protocol in rationally designing amino acid residues of short peptides for fabricating self‐assembled multicomponent materials. In addition, this protocol is useful in screening potential functional materials on account of diverse self‐assembly behavior.
Highly Conductive and Fatigue‐Free Flexible Copper Film Electrode Fabricated by a Facile Dry Transfer Technique
Authors: Shen Shengfei , Zhu Wei , Peng Yuncheng , Hai Fengxun , Feng Jingjing , Deng Yuan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe flexible electrodes with excellent electrical and mechanical performance play critical and fundamental roles in the wearable electronics. In this work, highly conductive and fatigue‐free flexible copper thin‐film electrodes on polyethylene terephthalate substrate are successfully fabricated by a facile, nondestructive, and heat‐resistant dry transfer technique. Before the transfer process, the interface adhesive strength and electrical resistivity of Cu films on SiO2+Si substrates are weakened and optimized. The flexible copper film electrode exhibits extremely low electrical resistivity (ρ = 3.1 µΩ cm), which is much superior to the flexible film electrodes fabricated through using the paste agent. Additionally, the fatigue experimental results show that the film electrode possesses excellent flexibility with a bending radius of 10 mm over 500 cycles due to the formation of the special microwavy structure, and is competent for a service environment with alternating temperature (−40–110 °C). It presents that the outstanding performance of flexible Cu film electrode is competent for most wearable electronics. The preparation of the advanced film electrode accelerates progress of the flexible electronics.
High‐Intensity Triboelectrification‐Induced Electroluminescence by Microsized Contacts for Self‐Powered Display and Illumination
Authors: Wei Xiao Yan , Liu Leipeng , Wang Hai Lu , Kuang Shuang Yang , Zhu Xiaoxiao , Wang Zhong Lin , Zhang Yihe , Zhu Guang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe conversion of kinetic energy into light emission can produce real‐time self‐powered luminescence. In this work, high‐intensity triboelectrification‐induced electroluminescence (TIEL) is obtained from microsized contacts that have relative sliding motion. The microsized structure significantly promotes the changing rate of the electric field within a luminescent layer. As a result, the produced luminescence intensity is enhanced by two folds compared with a plain‐surface contact. Besides, each microsized contact unit acts as a luminescence pixel. A collection of the contacts can be either designed into patterns or arranged into an array. Therefore, the high‐intensity TIEL presented can be potentially used in self‐powered display and illumination.
Molecular Modulation Based on the Terminal Substituent in Twistacenes for Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Wei Changting , Wu Jie , Zhang Dongyu , Su Wenming , Xiao Jinchong , Cui Zheng 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThree novel end‐capping twistacene derivatives with phenyl (PyDP), naphthyl (PyDN), and anthryl groups (PyDA) have been designed and synthesized. Given the crystallographic analyses, the as‐prepared molecules exhibited a twisted topological structure with the torsion angles of 35.99° for PyDP and 45.85° for PyDA. In addition, there is no π‐stacking interaction in PyDP. However, PyDA displayed π‐stacking interactions between the terminal intermolecular anthracene groups. The electroluminescent performance of OLEDs shows that devices with PyDP and PyDA outperform the PyDN‐based device, which is attributable to their higher fluorescence quantum yields. The maximum EQE value for PyDP reaches 3.10 %, which illustrates that the terminal substituent can affect the performance of OLEDs to a certain extent.
The prevalence of Eustachian tube dysfunction symptoms in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Tangbumrungtham Navarat , Patel Vishal S. , Thamboo Andrew , Patel Zara M. , Nayak Jayakar V. , Ma Yifei , Choby Garret , Hwang Peter H. 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundWhile Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) is a known comorbidity of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), the prevalence of ETD symptoms in the CRS population is poorly understood. We sought to determine the cross‐sectional prevalence of ETD in patients with CRS using the validated Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire (ETDQ‐7) and to correlate ETDQ‐7 scores with 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) scores, endoscopy scores, and computed tomography (CT) scores.MethodsA total of 101 patients with confirmed CRS completed the ETDQ‐7 and SNOT‐22 at their initial visit to our rhinology clinic. Lund‐Mackay CT and Lund‐Kennedy endoscopy scores were also obtained. Spearman's correlation coefficient (ρ) was calculated.ResultsAmong the 101 patients, 49 patients (48.5%) had an ETDQ‐7 score of ≥14.5, signifying clinically significant ETD. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) ETDQ‐7 score of the entire cohort was 17.8 ± 10.1. There was a moderately strong correlation between ETDQ‐7 and the SNOT‐22 ear subdomain (ρ = 0.691, p < 0.001). The correlation coefficient between ETDQ‐7 and total SNOT‐22 scores was ρ = 0.491 (p < 0.001), indicating moderate correlation. ETDQ‐7 scores were poorly correlated to objective measures of sinonasal disease, including Lund‐Mackay CT score (ρ = −0.055, p = 0.594) and Lund‐Kennedy endoscopy score (ρ = −0.099, p = 0.334).ConclusionSymptoms of ETD are highly prevalent among patients with CRS as documented by patient‐reported outcome measures. The correlation between ETDQ‐7 scores and SNOT‐22 ear subdomain scores is moderately strong, while the correlation between ETDQ‐7 scores and SNOT‐22 scores is moderate. ETD severity does not correlate with CT score or nasal endoscopy score.
The association of air pollutants and allergic and nonallergic rhinitis in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Mady Leila J. , Schwarzbach Hannah L. , Moore John A. , Boudreau Robert M. , Kaffenberger Thomas M. , Willson Thomas J. , Lee Stella E. 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundThere has been little investigation regarding air quality and rhinitis in the pathophysiology of upper airway disease. In this study, we assessed the impact of inhalant pollutants (particulate matter 2.5 [PM2.5] and black carbon [BC]) on allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) disease severity.MethodsCRS patients with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and without polyps (CRSsNP) were identified. Spatial modeling from pollutant monitoring sites was used to estimate exposures for patients meeting the inclusion criteria (total, n = 125; CRSsNP, n = 67; CRSsNP, n = 58). Skin‐prick, intradermal dilutional, and in‐vitro testing methods were utilized to determine aeroallergen sensitization. Disease severity indicators were measured by modified Lund‐Mackay score (LMS), the 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22), systemic steroid therapy, and number of functional endoscopic sinus surgeries (FESS).ResultsThirty‐six percent (n = 45) of patients who described rhinitis symptoms demonstrated no reactivity to aeroallergen testing. Sixty‐four percent (n = 80) tested positive for at least 1 allergen, with no differences found between CRSsNP and CRSwNP (62.1% vs 67.2%). There were significant differences in air pollutants between patients testing negative and positive for allergies (nonallergic vs allergic: PM2.5, 11.32 vs 11.07 μg/m3, p = 0.030; BC, 0.81 vs 0.76 absorbance, p =0.044). Nonallergic CRSwNP demonstrated higher PM2.5 compared with allergic counterparts (11.48 vs 11.09 μg/m3, p = 0.032). A similar pattern was observed with BC (0.82 vs 0.75 absorbance, p = 0.017). In CRSsNP, BC correlated significantly with SNOT‐22 (r = 0.55, p = 0.042).ConclusionOur results suggest that small inhalant pollutants may contribute to nonallergic symptomatology in patients with and without nasal polyps. Regardless of allergy status, BC may play a role in CRS symptom severity.
Übergangsmetall‐katalysierte selektive Funktionalisierung von C(sp3)‐H‐Bindungen in Naturstoffen
Authors: Karimov Rashad R. , Hartwig John F. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDie direkte Funktionalisierung von Naturstoffen ist wichtig für die Untersuchung von Struktur‐Aktivitäts‐ und Struktur‐Eigenschafts‐Beziehungen dieser Moleküle. Jüngste Fortschritte bei Übergangsmetall‐katalysierten Funktionalisierungen von C(sp3)‐H‐Bindungen, den zwar häufigsten, aber inerten Bindungen in Naturstoffen, haben gezeigt, dass selektiv Derivate dieser Naturstoffe hergestellt werden können. Strategien, um eine solche Transformation zu realisieren, werden diskutiert.
Surgical anatomy of the superficial temporal artery to prevent facial nerve injury during arterial biopsy
Authors: Shin Kang‐Jae , Shin Hyun Jin , Lee Shin‐Hyo , Koh Ki‐Seok , Song Wu‐Chul 
Published: December 2017

To investigate the topographical relationship between the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery (FSTA) and the temporal branch of the facial nerve (TFN) with the aim of preventing nerve injury during FSTA biopsy. Fifty‐seven hemifaces of 33 cadavers were dissected. Vertical lines drawn to the lateral orbital margin (LOM) and the superior root of the helix were used as the anterior and posterior reference positions, respectively. Horizontal lines drawn through the supraorbital margin and lateral canthus were used as the superior and inferior reference points, respectively. The depth and course relationships of the FSTA and TFN were examined. Midpoints between the FSTA and TFN are situated approximately 6.0 and 4.5 cm posterior to the lateral orbital margin at the levels of the lateral canthus and supraorbital margin, respectively. The TFN is generally situated 1–2 cm anteriorly and inferiorly to the FSTA in the temporal region. However, in two cases (3.6%), the TFN ran just underneath the FSTA with only a very small safe distance, making it highly vulnerable to iatrogenic injury. In conclusion, when performing an FSTA biopsy, the surgeon should not dissect below the superficial temporal fascia because there is an overlap between the course of the FSTA and the TFN in a minority of cases. Also, surgical incisions should be made outside the area delineated by an oblique line passing through the points 6.0 and 4.5 cm posterior to the lateral orbital margin at the levels of the lateral canthus and the supraorbital margin, respectively. Clin. Anat. 31:608–613, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Validating a prediction modeling tool for left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction after transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR)
Authors: Wang Dee Dee , Eng Marvin H. , Greenbaum Adam B. , Myers Eric , Forbes Michael , Karabon Patrick , Pantelic Milan , Song Thomas , Nadig Jeff , Guerrero Mayra , O'Neill William W. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveDemonstrate proof‐of‐concept validation of a computed tomography (CT) computer‐aided design prediction modeling tool to identify patients at risk for left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction in transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR).BackgroundLVOT obstruction is a significant and even fatal consequence of TMVR.MethodsFrom August 2013 to August 2017, 38 patients in 5 centers underwent TMVR with compassionate use of balloon‐expandable valves for severe mitral valve dysfunction because of degenerative surgical mitral ring, bioprosthesis, or severe native mitral stenosis from to severe mitral annular calcification. All patients had preprocedural CT scans performed for anatomic screening, intraprocedural TEE and invasive hemodynamics performed. Preprocedural prediction modeling was performed utilizing computer‐aided design (CAD) of the neo‐LVOT post‐TMVR. Post‐TMVR CT scans were obtained and compared to pre‐TMVR LVOT modeling datasets for validation.ResultsAll patients underwent successful TMVR without device embolization. Seven of the 38 patients experienced LVOT obstruction, defined as an increase of ≥10 mmHg LVOT peak gradient post‐TMVR. Anatomic screening using CT was validated in 20/38 patients as preprocedural predicted neo‐LVOT surface area correlated well with post‐TMVR measurements (R2 = 0.8169, P < 0.0001). A receiver operating curve curve found a predicted neo‐LVOT surface area of ≤ 189.4 mm2 to have 100% sensitivity and 96.8% specificity for predicting TMVR‐induced LVOT obstruction.ConclusionCAD design and CT postprocessing are indispensable tools in predicting LVOT obstruction and necessary for anatomic screening in percutaneous TMVR.
Self‐Assembly Process of a Pd2L4 Capsule: Steric Interactions between Neighboring Components Favor the Formation of Large Intermediates
Authors: Kai Shumpei , Nakagawa Masanori , Kojima Tatsuo , Li Xin , Yamashina Masahiro , Yoshizawa Michito , Hiraoka Shuichi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe effect of molecular interactions between the components on the self‐assembly process of Pd2L4 structures was investigated by a 1H NMR‐based quantitative approach (QASAP: quantitative analysis of self‐assembly process). Although the self‐assembly of the Pd2L4 cage without interactions between the bent ligands took place, mainly producing small intermediates, the self‐assembly of the Pd2L4 capsule composed of bent ligands with anthracene panels tends to produce large intermediates containing more components than the capsule. This is ascribed to steric interactions between the panels.
A P2‐Type Layered Superionic Conductor Ga‐Doped Na2Zn2TeO6 for All‐Solid‐State Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Yuyu , Deng Zhi , Peng Jian , Chen Enyi , Yu Yao , Li Xiang , Luo Jiahuan , Huang Yangyang , Zhu Jinlong , Fang Chun , Li Qing , Han Jiantao , Huang Yunhui 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHere, a P2‐type layered Na2Zn2TeO6 (NZTO) is reported with a high Na+ ion conductivity ≈0.6×10−3 S cm−1 at room temperature (RT), which is comparable to the currently best Na1+nZr2SinP3−nO12 NASICON structure. As small amounts of Ga3+ substitutes for Zn2+, more Na+ vacancies are introduced in the interlayer gaps, which greatly reduces strong Na+–Na+ coulomb interactions. Ga‐substituted NZTO exhibits a superionic conductivity of ≈1.1×10−3 S cm−1 at RT, and excellent phase and electrochemical stability. All solid‐state batteries have been successfully assembled with a capacity of ≈70 mAh g−1 over 10 cycles with a rate of 0.2 C at 80 °C. 23Na nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies on powder samples show intra‐grain (bulk) diffusion coefficients DNMR on the order of 12.35×10−12 m2 s−1 at 65 °C that corresponds to a conductivity σNMR of 8.16×10−3 S cm−1, assuming the Nernst–Einstein equation, which thus suggests a new perspective of fast Na+ ion conductor for advanced sodium ion batteries.
Oligonucleotides Incorporating Palladacyclic Nucleobase Surrogates
Authors: Maity Sajal Kumar , Lönnberg Tuomas 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAn oligonucleotide incorporating a palladacyclic nucleobase has been prepared by ligand‐directed metalation of a phenylpyridine moiety. This oligonucleotide hybridized with natural counterparts placing any of the canonical nucleobases opposite to the palladacyclic residue. The palladated duplexes had B‐type conformation and melting temperatures comparable to those of respective unmodified duplexes with a single mismatch. In the duplexes placing C, G or T (but not A) opposite to the palladacyclic residue, greatly increased absorptivity suggested formation of a PdII‐mediated base pair. Absorptivity and ellipticity of these duplexes persisted even at the highest temperatures applicable in Tm and CD experiments (90 °C). Evidently the PdII‐mediated base pairs do not dissociate under the experimental conditions.
Microfluidics‐Assisted TIRF Imaging to Study Single Actin Filament Dynamics
Authors: Shekhar Shashank 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDynamic assembly of actin filaments is essential for many cellular processes. The rates of assembly and disassembly of actin filaments are intricately controlled by regulatory proteins that interact with the ends and the sides of filaments and with actin monomers. TIRF‐based single‐filament imaging techniques have proven instrumental in uncovering mechanisms of actin regulation. In this unit, novel single‐filament approaches using microfluidics‐assisted TIRF imaging are described. These methods can be used to grow anchored actin filaments aligned in a flow, thus making the analysis much easier as compared to open flow cell approaches. The microfluidic nature of the system also enables rapid change of biochemical conditions and allows simultaneous imaging of a large number of actin filaments. Support protocols for preparing microfluidic chambers and purifying spectrin‐actin seeds used for nucleating anchored filaments are also described. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Simple and Rapid Tissue Clearing Method for Three‐Dimensional Histology of the Pancreas
Authors: Wong Hang Sheung , Yeung Patrick Ka Kit , Lai Hei Ming , Lam Karen Siu Ling , Wutian Wu , Chung Sookja Kim 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPreviously, high‐resolution three‐dimensional imaging of a whole and intact pancreas was not possible, since light is scattered when it passes through cell compartments with different refractive indices. CLARITY is one of the tissue clearing techniques that has yielded success with the central nervous system. To preserve tissue integrity after delipidation, conventional protocols embed tissue in an acrylamide‐based hydrogel, which involves the use of specialized equipment. Recently, we determined that the hydrogel‐embedding step could be simplified and replaced by passive tissue fixation in 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA). The whole procedure is less time‐consuming and less error‐prone, and can be completed within a week, compared to conventional CLARITY protocols that may take weeks to complete. Here, the detailed stepwise procedures involved in the simplified CLARITY workflow are applied to the pancreas of wild‐type and gene‐knockout 6‐week old mice expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the mouse insulin 1 promoter (MIP‐GFP). This technique could facilitate high‐resolution, three‐dimensional imaging of pancreatic islets and comparison between different mouse genotypes under different disease and treatment conditions. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Combining Fluorescence and Bioluminescence Microscopy to Study the Series of Events from Cellular Signal Transduction to Gene Expression
Authors: Goda Kazuhito , Takahashi Takeo , Suzuki Hirobumi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe molecular interactions and translocation of signal transduction factors in individual cells can be imaged by fluorescence microscopy. Alternatively, downstream promoter activity in single cells can be imaged by bioluminescence microscopy. However, the same stimuli can lead to different gene expression responses in individual cells. For this reason, it is desirable to simultaneously image signal transduction and gene expression events in the same cells. Here, we describe a method that combines fluorescence and bioluminescence microscopy to image protein kinase C (PKC) translocation from the cytosol to the plasma membrane and the expression of nuclear factor kappa‐light polypeptide B (NF‐κB)‐regulated genes. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.