bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interpreting and presenting marginalized voices through intersubjective accounts
Authors: Phillips David P 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to introduce a unique approach to accessing, interpreting, and presenting issues concerning the lives of social science research participants. It particularly focuses on accessing those considered to be economically, socially, or politically marginalized and where there is reliance upon intersubjective accounts in two languages.

Design/methodology/approach
– The conceptual and empirical material referred to in this paper is drawn from the author’s doctoral research of a Fair Trade case study in Malawi. The approach presented is influenced by concepts derived from postcolonial theory, grounded theory, and intersubjectivity.

Findings
– For the community empowerment research focus it was important to provide space to capture voices of all participants, accounting for the hierarchical socio-political context in which people were embedded. This required the use of interpreters, introducing challenges related to intersubjectivity such as recognizing and accounting for positionalities and impressions of multiple parties collaborating in the process of collecting and interpreting qualitative research material.

Practical implications
– Investing in trained and engaged interpreters, using pilot interviews, including participants’ data in the field research design process, and capturing marginalized voices helps a researcher to mitigate challenges related to bias and power relations.

Originality/value
– Recognizing inherent shortcomings related to interpreter-facilitated research and power relations, the framework presented provides a reflective and practical methodological approach for qualitative researchers.
Influence of mechanical exposures on electrical properties of thin and thick-film flexible resistors and conductors
Authors: Osypiuk Paweł , Dziedzic Andrzej , Stęplewski Wojciech 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to determine the influence of mechanical factors (such as longitudinal elongation or cyclic compressive and tensile stresses) on electrical properties of thin- or thick-film resistors or conductors.

Design/methodology/approach
– All test samples were made on Kapton foil. Copper foil or silver-based polymer thick-film conductive inks were used for fabrication of conductors. Resistive structures were made with the aid of two polymer thick-film resistive inks or OhmegaPly Ni-P resistive foil. Test structures differ not only in materials applied for resistors or conductors but also in geometrical shape of functional tracks (meanders consisted of many horse-shoes, semicircles, squares or triangles).

Findings
– Presented results showed significant role of material on range of reversible resistance changes. But shape of test samples also affects relation between relative resistance changes and relative elongation.

Originality/value
– In general, changes induced by cyclic compressive and stretching stresses were smaller than those caused by substrate elongation.
Prenatal parental depression and preterm birth: a national cohort study
Authors: Liu C , Cnattingius S , Bergström M , Östberg V , Hjern A 
Published: January 2016

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of maternal and paternal depression on the risk for preterm birth.DesignNational cohort study.SettingMedical Birth Register of Sweden, 2007–2012.PopulationA total of 366 499 singleton births with linked information for parents’ filled drug prescriptions and hospital care.MethodsPrenatal depression was defined as having filled a prescription for an antidepressant drug or having been in outpatient or inpatient hospital care with a diagnosis of depression from 12 months before conception until 24 weeks after conception. An indication of depression after 12 months with no depression was defined as ‘new depression’, whereas all other cases were defined as ‘recurrent depression’.Main outcome measuresOdds ratios (ORs) for very preterm (22–31 weeks of gestation) and moderately preterm (32–36 weeks of gestation) births were estimated using multinomial logistic regression models.ResultsAfter adjustment for maternal depression and sociodemographic covariates, new paternal prenatal depression was associated with very preterm birth [adjusted OR (aOR) 1.38, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.04–1.83], whereas recurrent paternal depression was not associated with an increased risk of preterm birth. Both new and recurrent maternal prenatal depression were associated with an increased risk of moderately preterm birth (aOR 1.34, 95% CI 1.22–1.46, and aOR 1.42, 95% CI 1.32–1.53, respectively).ConclusionsNew paternal and maternal prenatal depression are potential risk factors for preterm birth. Mental health problems in both parents should be addressed for the prevention of preterm birth.Tweetable abstractDepression in both mothers and fathers is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth.
Development of species‐specific primers for rapid diagnosis of Tetranychus urticae, T. kanzawai, T. phaselus and T. truncatus (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Shim Jae‐Kyoung , Khaing Tin Moe , Seo Han‐Eul , Ahn Jun‐Yung , Jung Duck‐Oung , Lee Jong‐Ho , Lee Kyeong‐Yeoll 
Published: January 2016

AbstractSpecies diagnosis is of the utmost importance to both pest management and plant quarantine services. Because of difficulties in the morphological diagnosis of spider mites, molecular techniques are of great value to rapidly and accurately diagnose closely related species. We examined four species of genus Tetranychus (the green and red forms of T. urticae, and T. kanzawai, T. phaselus and T. truncatus), which are found in Korea and are of significance to plant quarantine services. DNA samples isolated from a single egg, larva or adult weighed 64–188 ng. We designed species‐specific primers by performing sequence alignment for 107 sequences of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region, which we obtained from GenBank, and sequences generated in this study. Specific nucleotides of each species were selected for designing primers specific for each species. Each species‐specific primer pair, when used to perform PCR analyses, detected only the species from which it originated. However, a T. urticae‐specific primer pair did not discriminate between the green and red forms of this species. These species‐specific primers can be applied in practice for the rapid and accurate diagnosis of spider mite species in plant quarantine and in agricultural fields.
Quaternary vicariance of tiger beetle, Cicindela chinensis, in Ryukyu, Japan, Taiwan and Korea–China
Authors: Osozawa Soichi , Fukuda Haruo , Kwon Hyeok‐Yeong , Wakabayashi John 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWe show vicariance of Cicindela chinensis in Okinawa, Japan (differentiated within Japan) and Korea–China through construction of Bayesian inference trees by BEAST2. Calibration was done using an assumption of the MRCA expansion of C. chinensis at 1.55 Ma (=geologically obtained formative time of the Ryukyu islands) following the protocol of BEAUti. We derived substitution rates for mitochondrial COI (1.66%/m.y.) and nuclear 28SrRNA (0.109%/m.y.) of analyzed Cicindela. Cicindela ferriei is a sister of C. chinensis, and these two species differentiated from each other at ca. 3 Ma before the expansion of C. chinensis. However, they are not strongly differentiated between Amami‐Oshima and Tokuno‐shima, although they display different color. Vicariance at 1.55 Ma is also recognized between Cicindela batesi in Taiwan and Cicindela aurulenta and virgula in continental China. From the sequence data we obtained, it is also evident that C. c. okinawana recently colonized Ishigaki‐jima from Okinawa‐jima, as did C. batesi in Iriomote‐jima from Taiwan.
Cocaine addiction is associated with abnormal prefrontal function, increased striatal connectivity and sensitivity to monetary incentives, and decreased connectivity outside the human reward circuit
Authors: Vaquero Lucía , Cámara Estela , Sampedro Frederic , Pérez de los Cobos José , Batlle Francesca , Fabregas Josep Maria , Sales Joan Artur , Cervantes Mercè , Ferrer Xavier , Lazcano Gerardo , Rodríguez‐Fornells Antoni , Riba Jordi 
Published: January 2016

AbstractCocaine addiction has been associated with increased sensitivity of the human reward circuit to drug‐related stimuli. However, the capacity of non‐drug incentives to engage this network is poorly understood. Here, we characterized the functional sensitivity to monetary incentives and the structural integrity of the human reward circuit in abstinent cocaine‐dependent (CD) patients and their matched controls. We assessed the BOLD response to monetary gains and losses in 30 CD patients and 30 healthy controls performing a lottery task in a magnetic resonance imaging scanner. We measured brain gray matter volume (GMV) using voxel‐based morphometry and white matter microstructure using voxel‐based fractional anisotropy (FA). Functional data showed that, after monetary incentives, CD patients exhibited higher activation in the ventral striatum than controls. Furthermore, we observed an inverted BOLD response pattern in the prefrontal cortex, with activity being highest after unexpected high gains and lowest after losses. Patients showed increased GMV in the caudate and the orbitofrontal cortex, increased white matter FA in the orbito‐striatal pathway but decreased FA in antero‐posterior association bundles. Abnormal activation in the prefrontal cortex correlated with GMV and FA increases in the orbitofrontal cortex. While functional abnormalities in the ventral striatum were inversely correlated with abstinence duration, structural alterations were not. In conclusion, results suggest abnormal incentive processing in CD patients with high salience for rewards and punishments in subcortical structures but diminished prefrontal control after adverse outcomes. They further suggest that hypertrophy and hyper‐connectivity within the reward circuit, to the expense of connectivity outside this network, characterize cocaine addiction.
Cirrhosis is under‐recognised in patients subsequently diagnosed with hepatocellular cancer
Authors: Walker M. , El‐Serag H. B. , Sada Y. , Mittal S. , Ying J. , Duan Z. , Richardson P. , Davila J. A. , Kanwal F. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryBackgroundMost clinical practice guidelines recommend screening for HCC in patients with cirrhosis. However, patients with compensated cirrhosis are often asymptomatic and may remain unrecognised for years.AimsTo determine the extent to which cirrhosis is unrecognised in a US Veteran population with HCC, and to evaluate the association between lack of cirrhosis recognition and stage of HCC at diagnosis.MethodsWe reviewed the electronic medical records of a random sample of HCC cases diagnosed in the national Veterans Affairs system between 2005 and 2011. We conducted multivariable analyses adjusting for patients’ demographics, comorbidity, aetiology of underlying disease and healthcare utilisation including HCC surveillance.ResultsOf 1201 patients with HCC and cirrhosis, 24.6% had unrecognised cirrhosis prior to HCC diagnosis. Older patients [>65 years, odds ratio (OR) 2.32], African Americans (OR 1.93), patients with alcoholic or NAFLD liver disease (OR 1.69 and 4.77 respectively), HIV (OR 3.02), and fewer comorbidities (Deyo 0 vs. 3, OR 2.42) had significantly higher odds of having unrecognised cirrhosis than comparison groups. Furthermore, patients with unrecognised cirrhosis were 6.5 times more likely to have advanced stage HCC at diagnosis. The effect of cirrhosis recognition on HCC stage remained significant after adjusting for pre‐specified covariates (OR 3.37).ConclusionsIn one quarter of patients, cirrhosis was unrecognised prior to HCC diagnosis, and this group was significantly more likely to have advanced stage HCC. These findings emphasise the importance of timely evaluation for cirrhosis in at‐risk populations as a critical step to improving outcomes for patients with HCC.
Direct measurement of oscillatory RhoA activity in embryonic cortical neurons stimulated with the axon guidance cue netrin‐1 using fluorescence resonance energy transfer
Authors: Antoine‐Bertrand Judith , Fu Min , Lamarche‐Vane Nathalie 
Published: January 2016

Background InformationRho GTPases play an essential role during the development of the nervous system. They induce cytoskeletal rearrangements that are critical for the regulation of axon outgrowth and guidance. It is generally accepted that Rac1 and Cdc42 are positive regulators of axon outgrowth and guidance, whereas RhoA is a negative regulator. However, spatiotemporal control of their activity can modify the function of Rho GTPases during axonal morphogenesis. Signalling downstream of the axon guidance cue netrin‐1 and its receptor deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) triggers the activation of Rac1 and the inhibition of RhoA to promote axon outgrowth. However, our previous work also suggests that netrin‐1/DCC signalling can activate RhoA in a time‐ and region‐specific manner.ResultsHere, we visualised RhoA activation in response to netrin‐1 in live embryonic cortical neurons using fluorescence resonance energy transfer. RhoA activity oscillated in unstimulated neurons and netrin‐1 increased the amplitude of the oscillations in growth cones after 5 min of stimulation. Within this period of time, netrin‐1 transiently increased RhoA activity and modulated the pattern of RhoA oscillations. We found that the timing of netrin‐1‐induced RhoA activation was different in whole neurons, cell bodies and growth cones.ConclusionsWe conclude that netrin‐1 modulates the spatiotemporal activation of RhoA in embryonic cortical neurons.SignificanceThis study demonstrates for the first time the short‐term localised activation of RhoA in neuronal growth cones by the axon guidance cue netrin‐1.
Social Reproduction and Urban Competitiveness: How Dominican Bodegueros Use the Care Economy
Authors: PINE ADAM M 
Published: January 2016

AbstractDrawn from a larger project examining immigration and economic redevelopment in Philadelphia, this article examines the way bodegas (small neighborhood‐based variety stores) challenge relations of competitiveness inherent in neoliberal urban development. I argue that while the rhetoric of competition and entrepreneurialism abound in discussions of urban development, ethnographic research in urban neighborhoods suggest that the caring labor of social reproduction also plays a strong role in how immigrant communities establish themselves and neighborhoods develop. I use the experience of bodegueros to demonstrate how care operates to support families, businesses, and communities within the competitive, neoliberal city. I argue care work is often juxtaposed with neoliberalism, while in reality this is a false dichotomy. Urban neoliberalism is undergirded with care labor, and it is central to the institutionalization of bodegas within urban neighborhoods as it helps sustain neighborhoods and supports the upward mobility of families who work in bodegas.
miRNA‐30e regulates abnormal differentiation of small intestinal epithelial cells in diabetic mice by downregulating Dll4 expression
Authors: Shan Ti‐Dong , Ouyang Hui , Yu Tao , Li Jie‐Yao , Huang Can‐Ze , Yang Hong‐Sheng , Zhong Wa , Xia Zhong‐Sheng , Chen Qi‐Kui 
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjectivesDepression of the Notch/Hes1 pathway has been reported to play a role in abnormal differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) in diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the mechanism by which this pathway influences IEC differentiation has remained unclear. In this study, we have investigated the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating the Notch/Hes1 pathway in IECs of DM mice.Materials and methodsIntegrated comparative miRNA microarray technology was used to determine the expression profile of miRNAs in IECs of DM mice. After bioinformatic analysis, an miRNA with altered expression levels, miRNA‐30e, was identified as a candidate for regulating the Notch pathway in DM. A luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miRNA‐30e targeted 3′‐UTR of the Notch gene. The role of miRNA‐30e in regulating Notch signalling was then explored by up‐ and downregulating its expression in vitro and in vivo.ResultsAbnormal differentiation of IECs in DM mice was associated with reduced activity of the Dll4/NICD/Hes1 signal pathway. Based on bioinformatic analyses, increased expression of miRNA‐30e was identified as a potential candidate for regulating Notch signalling. miRNA‐30e targeted the 3′‐UTR of Dll4 and downregulated Dll4 expression in primary IECs and IEC‐6 cells. Exogenous miRNA‐30e reduced activity of the Dll4/NICD/Hes1 pathway, and induced abnormal differentiation of IECs in normal mice. Conversely, treatment with miRNA‐30e antagonist upregu‐lated activity of the Dll4/NICD/Hes1 pathway in vivo, and normalized IEC differentiation in DM mice.ConclusionsIncreased levels of miRNA‐30e downregulated activity of the Dll4/NICD/Hes1 signalling pathway by targeting the 3′‐UTR of Dll4, which contributed to abnormal differentiation in small intestinal epithelia of DM mice.
Seasonal habitat use of alligator gar in a river–floodplain ecosystem at multiple spatial scales
Authors: Kluender Edward R. , Adams Reid , Lewis Lindsey 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAlligator gar (Atractosteus spatula) populations are declining throughout their range in the United States, even where considered stable. Similar declines in other riverine species are occurring worldwide due to alteration of habitat in river–floodplain systems. Most rivers in the world are highly regulated, resulting in departures from historic hydrology that provides connection to the floodplain habitats used by riverine fishes. Knowledge of the seasonal habitat requirements of alligator gar and similar riverine fishes at a watershed scale is limited, hindering management practices. We used radiotelemetry to monitor movements and habitat use of adult alligator gar (N = 32; 25.0–84.5 kg; 149–224 cm) at macro‐ and microhabitat scales during 2 years of varying hydrology. Fish showed seasonal differences in their use of main channel and floodplain macrohabitats. Floodplain tributaries and their upper reaches were especially important to reproductive ecology. Minimum distance travelled per day varied seasonally. While using the main channel Fourche LaFave River, gar selected low velocity, shallow depth and complex structure along channel margins. The Fourche LaFave River is unique in its connection to floodplain habitats on a relatively predictable basis, with frequent flooding during the spring and summer reproductive period. Our study emphasises the importance of connectivity between the main river channel and floodplain habitats to a floodplain‐obligate riverine species. An intact, heterogeneous riparian zone creates essential microhabitat for the species. Understanding habitat requirements of alligator gar at multiple spatial scales in a river–floodplain system is crucial to management of many other species and river systems.
The association between ankle−brachial index and asymptomatic cranial‐carotid stenosis: a population‐based, cross‐sectional study of 5440 Han Chinese
Authors: Qiu J. , Zhou Y. , Yang X. , Zhang Y. , Li Z. , Yan N. , Wang Y. , Ge S. , Wu S. , Zhao X. , Wang W. 
Published: January 2016

Background and purposeRoutine screening for asymptomatic cranial‐carotid stenosis (ACCS) is controversial and recommendation in clinical practice is vague. The ankle−brachial index (ABI) is reported as a predictor for cardiovascular disease. However, there is a scarcity of data about the association between abnormal ABI and ACCS. A population‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted to explore the relationship between ABI and ACCS.MethodsA sample of 5440 Chinese adults aged 40–94 years old was recruited from 2010 to 2011. The ABI was measured using a portable Doppler device and ACCS was evaluated by bilateral carotid duplex ultrasound and portable examination devices. A logistic regression model was used to analyse the association between ABI and ACCS after adjusting for potential confounding factors.ResultsA low ABI was associated with ACCS [odds ratio (OR) 1.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.42–2.67] after adjusting for potential confounders. When the data were stratified by age and sex, the correlation remained statistically significant in the male (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.60–3.37) and elderly (OR 3.07, 95% CI 1.97–4.78) subgroups compared to the female (OR 1.26, 95% CI 0.67–2.39) and middle‐aged groups (OR 1.27, 95% CI 0.77–2.12), respectively.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that low ABI is a significant risk factor for ACCS in male and elderly Chinese adults.
Migraine in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with reduced cerebral grey matter volume but not with measures of glial activation or anti‐NR2 or anti‐P antibodies
Authors: Tjensvoll A. B. , Lauvsnes M. B. , Hirohata S. , Beyer M. K. , Greve O. J. , Kvivik I. , Kvaløy J. T. , Harboe E. , Gøransson L. G. , Omdal R. 
Published: January 2016

Background and purposeMigraine is frequent in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the pathogenesis and pathophysiology are poorly understood. Migraine is assumed to be a consequence of abnormal neuronal excitability. Based on the hypothesis that the threshold for migraine is lower in SLE patients due to cerebral disturbances, whether structural abnormalities of the brain or relevant biomarkers are associated with headaches in SLE was investigated.MethodsSixty‐seven SLE patients and age‐ and gender‐matched healthy subjects participated. Volumes of grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) were estimated from cerebral magnetic resonance images with SPM8 software. Anti‐NR2 and anti‐P antibodies and protein S100B were measured in cerebrospinal fluid.ResultsIn regression analyses, larger GM volumes in SLE patients reduced the odds for headache in general [odds ratio (OR) 0.98, P = 0.048] and for migraine in particular (OR 0.95, P = 0.004). No localized loss of GM was observed. Larger WM volumes in patients increased the odds for migraine (OR 1.04, P = 0.007). These findings could not be confirmed in healthy subjects. Neither anti‐NR2 and anti‐P antibodies nor S100B were associated with headaches in SLE patients.ConclusionsSystemic lupus erythematosus patients with migraine have a diffuse reduction in GM compared to patients without migraine. This finding was not observed in healthy subjects with migraine, and selected biomarkers did not indicate specific pathophysiological processes in the brain. These findings indicate that unknown pathogenic processes are responsible for the increased frequency of migraine in SLE patients.
Nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy caused by a mutation in the GATOR1 complex gene NPRL3
Authors: Korenke Georg‐Christoph , Eggert Marlene , Thiele Holger , Nürnberg Peter , Sander Thomas , Steinlein Ortrud K. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryMutations in NPRL3, one of three genes that encode proteins of the mTORC1‐regulating GATOR1 complex, have recently been reported to cause cortical dysplasia with focal epilepsy. We have now analyzed a multiplex epilepsy family by whole exome sequencing and identified a frameshift mutation (NM_001077350.2; c.1522delG; p.E508Rfs*46) within exon 13 of NPRL3. This truncating mutation causes an epilepsy phenotype characterized by early childhood onset of mainly nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. The penetrance in our family was low (three affected out of six mutation carriers), compared to families with either ion channel‐ or DEPDC5‐associated familial nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. The absence of apparent structural brain abnormalities suggests that mutations in NPRL3 are not necessarily associated with focal cortical dysplasia but might be able to cause epilepsy by different, yet unknown pathomechanisms.