bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of a multipurpose piezoelectric energy harvester
Authors: Fan Kangqi , Wang Liansong , Zhu Yingmin , Liu Zhaohui , Yu Bo 
Published: February 2017

Harvesting energy from the surrounding environment through piezoelectric conversion is a promising method for implementing self-sustained low-power devices. To date, most piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) developed can only scavenge energy from the unidirectional mechanical vibration. This deficiency severely limits the adaptability of PEHs because the real-world excitations may involve different mechanical motions and the mechanical vibration may come from various directions. To tackle this issue, we proposed a multipurpose PEH, which is composed of a ferromagnetic ball, a cylindrical track and four piezoelectric cantilever beams. In this paper, theoretical and experimental studies were carried out to examine the performance of the multipurpose PEH. The experimental results indicate that, under the vibrations that are perpendicular to the ground, the maximum peak voltage is increased by 3.2 V and the bandwidth of the voltage above 4 V is expanded by more than 4 Hz by the proposed PEH as compared to its linear counterpart; the maximum power output of 0.8 mW is attained when the PEH is excited at 39.5 Hz. Under the sway motion around different directions on the horizontal plane, significant power outputs, varying from 0.05 mW to 0.18 mW, are also generated by the multipurpose PEH when the sway angle is larger than 5[Formula: see text] and the sway frequency is smaller than 2.8 Hz. In addition, the multipurpose PEH demonstrates the capacity of collecting energy from the rotation motion, and approximately 0.14 mW power output is achieved when the rotation frequency is 1 Hz.
Scaphotrapeziotrapezoidal Joint Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review of Surgical Treatment
Authors: Deans Victoria M. , Naqui Zafar , Muir Lindsay T.S.W. 
Published: February 2017

Background: The management of scaphotrapeziotrapezoidal (STT) joint osteoarthritis (OA) remains controversial. This systematic review aims to review the evidence for surgical interventions specific to STT OA.Methods: Medline and Embase libraries were searched using a pre-defined search strategy in October 2014. All study designs and languages were included and evaluated by two reviewers (VMD and LM) against the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The study eligibility criteria included papers discussing surgical treatment of STT OA, and the review was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines.Results: 295 unique results were identified from the search strategy after duplicates were filtered. 21 articles met the eligibility criteria.Conclusions: Trapezial excision and partial trapezoidal excision is an effective treatment with low morbidity and complications, although can lead to weakness of the thumb. Distal scaphoid excision remains an effective pain relief treatment with improved grip and pinch strengths post-operatively. The procedure is technically less demanding than arthrodesis, does not carry the risks of non-union and complication rate of STT joint arthrodesis, and has a shorter immobilisation requirement. It produces reliable results, but is contraindicated if there is either scapholunocapitate pathology or midcarpal instability. STT joint fusion has a place, typically producing 75% range of movement of the non-operated wrist. However it has a higher associated complication rate, and simultaneous radial styloidectomy is recommended to reduce ongoing pain from impingement. Implant arthroplasty using a graphite-coated pyrocarbon implant has been used more recently. The patients gained significant pain relief, although there have been reports of implant dislocation secondary to surgical errors. A reduction in post-operative wrist extension and radial deviation has been noted. From this systematic review, we have composed a treatment algorithm for the surgical management of STT joint OA.
Biomechanics of Internal Fixation Modalities for Middle Phalangeal Base Fracture Dislocation
Authors: Foo Gen-Lin , Ramruttun Amit K. , Cheah Andre Eujin , Chong Alphonsus Kin-Sze , Foo Tun-Lin 
Published: February 2017

Background: Internal fixation modalities of unstable (>50 percent articular involvement) middle phalangeal volar lip fracture-dislocations include interfragmentary screw and volar buttress plating. This study investigates the mechanical properties (yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and stiffness) of interfragmentary screw (IS), simple buttress plating (BP) and buttress plating with subchondral screw (BP+S). Methods: Fifteen cadaveric digits (5 index, 5 middle, and 5 ring) were prepared by excising its skin envelope and flexor tendons while preserving the structures around the proximal interphalangeal joint. An oblique osteotomy involving 50 percent of the articular surface was performed, and this was fixed with based on its study group: interfragmentary screw (IS), simple buttress plating (BP) and buttress plating with subchondral screw (BP+S). These specimens were then loaded to failure. Results: Yield strength was as follows: BP+S (33.5±9.76 N), IS (13.6±5.46 N), and BP (8.1±3.84 N). Ultimate tensile strength was as follows: BP+S (49.1±21.4 N), IS (15.6±5.19 N), and BP (8.86±3.99 N). Stiffness was as follows: BP+S (4.77±1.32 N/mm), IS (2.44±0.86 N/mm), and BP (1.84±0.71 N/mm). Conclusions: A buttress plate and screw construct confers significantly more stability than either interfragmentary screw or buttress plate only fixation in an experimental model.
Plate Fixation versus Percutaneous Pinning for Unstable Metacarpal Fractures: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Melamed Eitan , Joo LiJin , Lin Edward , Perretta Donato , Capo John T. 
Published: February 2017

Background: Whether percutaneous pinning or plate fixation is more appropriate for metacarpal fractures is still open to debate. Our study purpose was to review the current literature in an attempt to determine the optimal treatment modality for metacarpal fractures on the basis of functional outcomes, radiographic outcome and rates of complications.Methods: We selected Pubmed, Cochrane library, EMBASE and the relevant English orthopedic journals and pooled data from eligible trials including four comparative studies and one retrospective review. Overall, the studies contained 222 patients with 231 fractures, 143 treated with pinning and 88 treated with plates and screws. Mean follow up was 7.5 months (4-12 months). Data were analyzed and the fixed effects are assumed for meta-analysis.Results: Patients undergoing pinning for metacarpal fractures have higher motion scores when compared to open reduction and internal fixation with plate and screws. Functional scores, grip strength, radiographic parameters, time to union and complications were found not to be significantly different between the two groups.Conclusions: There is evidence to support the use of pins over ORIF with plates and screws in the treatment of metacarpal fractures. This may have practical advantages, including minimal dissection, easier insertion and availability of the pins. The limitations of this study include the small number of eligible studies, lack of reporting of standard deviation value, and the lack of DASH score assessments at follow up. Further randomized controlled trials that include a larger patient numbers with longer follow up are needed to substantiate the superiority of one fixation method over another.
The Data Base for Advances in Information Systems
Authors: Petter Stacie , Stafford Tom 
Published: February 2017

It is a new year and a new editorial team. We are pleased to introduce ourselves as the new editors-in-chief for The Data Base for Advances in Information Systems: Stacie Petter and Tom Stafford.
The Data Base for Advances in Information Systems has been in continuous publication since 1969, marking it as one of the longest-published research publications in the field of information systems. In two short years, we will celebrate our 50th year of publication, and we are pleased to begin our editorial term with initiatives intended to move The Data Base for Advances in Information Systems toward an even more impactful performance and notable presence in the world of information systems scholarship than ever before as we approach this important milestone.
A hallmark of our editorial tenure shall be the broad and inclusive promotion of this publication toward the end of drawing submissions and readership from greatly expanded audiences world-wide. To that end, you will see us exhibiting The Data Base for Advances in Information Systems at leading information systems conferences around the world in the coming months and years. Come greet us when we do! Further, we look to you to lend your voice and presence to the promotion of our emerging editorial agenda for growth and impact.
Targeted Search Engines for Children
Authors: Gossen Tatiana 
Published: February 2017

Children are a fast growing user group on the Internet. Among different online activities, children use web search engines in order to gather information related to their personal interests and school activities. Children's knowledge, cognitive abilities and fine motor skills are different from those of adults. Therefore, they may experience difficulties with search engines that are built using standard information retrieval algorithms and search interfaces for adults. Special or targeted search engines for children are essential in order to better support children in their search tasks. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is to design appropriate search engines for children with a focus on the search user interface. However, this is not an easy task to accomplish. Not only are children's abilities different from the abilities of adults, children also undergo relatively fast changes in their abilities.
The specific and dynamically changing characteristics of young users pose a great challenge. In order to address this challenge, first, the specifics of information retrieval for young users are analysed. Second, open issues are identified in user studies with children using logfile analysis and eye-tracking. The conceptual challenges in the design of user interfaces regarding search engines for children are derived based on the findings of one's own and previous user studies as well as theories of human development. Third, user interfaces of search engines that address these conceptual challenges are designed, prototypically implemented and evaluated in user studies with children following a user-centered design. Specifically, the proposed user interfaces of the search engine address the changing characteristics of the users by providing a means of adaptation. Furthermore, a novel type of search result visualisation for children with cartoon style characters is developed which takes the children's preference for visual information into account. Both approaches were very positively received by children during evaluation. Children rated different user interface aspects of the search user interface prototypes as good, e.g., the adaptation of the search user interface towards user wishes and the helpfulness of the cartoon style characters during search. Finally, this thesis provides criteria and guidelines on how to design user interfaces of search engines for children.
Role of SHP2 protein tyrosine phosphatase in SERT inhibition by enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)
Authors: Singhal Megha , Manzella Christopher , Soni Vinay , Alrefai Waddah A. , Saksena Seema , Hecht Gail A. , Dudeja Pradeep K. , Gill Ravinder K. 
Published: February 2017

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), one of the diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes, is among the most important food-borne pathogens infecting children worldwide. Inhibition of serotonin transporter (SERT), which regulates extracellular availability of serotonin (5-HT), has been implicated previously in EPEC-associated diarrhea. EPEC was shown to inhibit SERT via activation of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase), albeit the specific PTPase involved is not known. Current studies aimed to identify EPEC-activated PTPase and its role in SERT inhibition. Infection of Caco-2 monolayers with EPEC strain E2348/69 for 30 min increased the activity of Src-homology-2 domain containing PTPase (SHP2) but not SHP1 or PTPase 1B. Similarly, Western blot studies showed increased tyrosine phosphorylation of (p-tyrosine) SHP2, indicative of its activation. Concomitantly, EPEC infection decreased SERT p-tyrosine levels. This was associated with increased interaction of SHP2 with SERT, as evidenced by coimmunoprecipitation studies. To examine whether SHP2 directly influences SERT phosphorylation status or function, SHP2 cDNA plasmid constructs (wild type, constitutively active, or dominant negative) were overexpressed in Caco-2 cells by Amaxa electroporation. In the cells overexpressing constitutively active SHP2, SERT polypeptide showed complete loss of p-tyrosine. In addition, there was a decrease in SERT function, as measured by Na+Cl−-sensitive [3H]5-HT uptake, and an increase in association of SERT with SHP2 in Caco-2 cells expressing constitutively active SHP2 compared with dominant-negative SHP2. Our data demonstrate that intestinal SERT is a target of SHP2 and reveal a novel mechanism by which a common food-borne pathogen uses cellular SHP2 to inhibit SERT. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The data presented in the current study reveal that intestinal serotonin transporter (SERT) is a target of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 and show a novel mechanism by which a common diarrheagenic pathogen, EPEC, activates cellular SHP2 to inhibit SERT function. These studies highlight host-pathogen interactions, which may be of therapeutic relevance in the management of diarrhea associated with enteric infections.
[18F](2S,4R)4-Fluoroglutamine PET Detects Glutamine Pool Size Changes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Response to Glutaminase Inhibition
Authors: Zhou Rong , Pantel Austin R. , Li Shihong , Lieberman Brian P. , Ploessl Karl , Choi Hoon , Blankemeyer Eric , Lee Hsiaoju , Kung Hank F. , Mach Robert H. , Mankoff David A. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Glutaminolysis is a metabolic pathway adapted by many aggressive cancers, including triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC), to utilize glutamine for survival and growth. In this study, we examined the utility of [18F](2S,4R)4-fluoroglutamine ([18F]4F-Gln) PET to measure tumor cellular glutamine pool size, whose change might reveal the pharmacodynamic (PD) effect of drugs targeting this cancer-specific metabolic pathway. High glutaminase (GLS) activity in TNBC tumors resulted in low cellular glutamine pool size assayed via high-resolution 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). GLS inhibition significantly increased glutamine pool size in TNBC tumors. MCF-7 tumors, with inherently low GLS activity compared with TNBC, displayed a larger baseline glutamine pool size that did not change as much in response to GLS inhibition. The tumor-to-blood-activity ratios (T/B) obtained from [18F]4F-Gln PET images matched the distinct glutamine pool sizes of both tumor models at baseline. After a short course of GLS inhibitor treatment, the T/B values increased significantly in TNBC, but did not change in MCF-7 tumors. Across both tumor types and after GLS inhibitor or vehicle treatment, we observed a strong positive correlation between T/B values and tumor glutamine pool size measured using MRS (r2 = 0.71). In conclusion, [18F]4F-Gln PET tracked cellular glutamine pool size in breast cancers with differential GLS activity and detected increases in cellular glutamine pool size induced by GLS inhibitors. This study accomplished the first necessary step toward validating [18F]4F-Gln PET as a PD marker for GLS-targeting drugs. Cancer Res; 77(6); 1476–84. ©2017 AACR.
Systematic In Vivo Inactivation of Chromatin-Regulating Enzymes Identifies Setd2 as a Potent Tumor Suppressor in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Walter David M. , Venancio Olivia S. , Buza Elizabeth L. , Tobias John W. , Deshpande Charuhas , Gudiel A. Andrea , Kim-Kiselak Caroline , Cicchini Michelle , Yates Travis J. , Feldser David M. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Chromatin-modifying genes are frequently mutated in human lung adenocarcinoma, but the functional impact of these mutations on disease initiation and progression is not well understood. Using a CRISPR-based approach, we systematically inactivated three of the most commonly mutated chromatin regulatory genes in two KrasG12D-driven mouse models of lung adenocarcinoma to characterize the impact of their loss. Targeted inactivation of SWI/SNF nucleosome–remodeling complex members Smarca4 (Brg1) or Arid1a had complex effects on lung adenocarcinoma initiation and progression. Loss of either Brg1 or Arid1a were selected against in early-stage tumors, but Brg1 loss continued to limit disease progression over time, whereas loss of Arid1a eventually promoted development of higher grade lesions. In contrast to these stage-specific effects, loss of the histone methyltransferase Setd2 had robust tumor-promoting consequences. Despite disparate impacts of Setd2 and Arid1a loss on tumor development, each resulted in a gene expression profile with significant overlap. Setd2 inactivation and subsequent loss of H3K36me3 led to the swift expansion and accelerated progression of both early- and late-stage tumors. However, Setd2 loss per se was insufficient to overcome a p53-regulated barrier to malignant progression, nor establish the prometastatic cellular states that stochastically evolve during lung adenocarcinoma progression. Our study uncovers differential and context-dependent effects of SWI/SNF complex member loss, identifies Setd2 as a potent tumor suppressor in lung adenocarcinoma, and establishes model systems to facilitate further study of chromatin deregulation in lung cancer. Cancer Res; 77(7); 1719–29. ©2017 AACR.
Correlates of Prenatal and Early-Life Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Frequency of Common Gene Deletions in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: de Smith Adam J. , Kaur Maneet , Gonseth Semira , Endicott Alyson , Selvin Steve , Zhang Luoping , Roy Ritu , Shao Xiaorong , Hansen Helen M. , Kang Alice Y. , Walsh Kyle M. , Dahl Gary V. , McKean-Cowdin Roberta , Metayer Catherine , Wiemels Joseph L. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Tobacco smoke exposure has been associated with risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Understanding the relationship between tobacco exposures and specific mutations may yield etiologic insights. We carried out a case-only analysis to explore whether prenatal and early-life tobacco smoke exposure influences the formation of leukemogenic genomic deletions. Somatic copy number of 8 genes frequently deleted in ALL (CDKN2A, ETV6, IKZF1, PAX5, RB1, BTG1, PAR1 region, and EBF1) was assessed in 559 pretreatment tumor samples from the California Childhood Leukemia Study. Parent and child's passive tobacco exposure was assessed using interview-assisted questionnaires as well as DNA methylation in aryl-hydrocarbon receptor repressor (AHRR), a sentinel epigenetic biomarker of exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy. Multivariable Poisson regressions were used to test the association between the smoking exposures and total number of deletions. Deletion burden varied by subtype, with a lower frequency in high-hyperdiploid and higher frequency in ETV6–RUNX1 fusion ALL. The total number of deletions per case was positively associated with tobacco smoke exposure, in particular for maternal ever-smoking (ratio of means, RM, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.08–1.59), maternal smoking during pregnancy (RM, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.12–1.94), and during breastfeeding (RM, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.48–3.02). The magnitude of association with maternal ever-smoking was stronger in male children compared with females (Pinteraction = 0.04). The total number of deletions was also associated with DNA methylation at the AHRR epigenetic biomarker (RM, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.02–1.69). Our results suggest that prenatal and early-life tobacco smoke exposure increase the frequency of somatic deletions in children who develop ALL. Cancer Res; 77(7); 1674–83. ©2017 AACR.
Oncogenic Effects of High MAPK Activity in Colorectal Cancer Mark Progenitor Cells and Persist Irrespective of RAS Mutations
Authors: Blaj Cristina , Schmidt Eva Marina , Lamprecht Sebastian , Hermeking Heiko , Jung Andreas , Kirchner Thomas , Horst David 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
About 40% of colorectal cancers have mutations in KRAS accompanied by downstream activation of MAPK signaling, which promotes tumor invasion and progression. Here, we report that MAPK signaling shows strong intratumoral heterogeneity and unexpectedly remains regulated in colorectal cancer irrespective of KRAS mutation status. Using primary colorectal cancer tissues, xenograft models, and MAPK reporter constructs, we showed that tumor cells with high MAPK activity resided specifically at the leading tumor edge, ceased to proliferate, underwent epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and expressed markers related to colon cancer stem cells. In KRAS-mutant colon cancer, regulation of MAPK signaling was preserved through remaining wild-type RAS isoforms. Moreover, using a lineage tracing strategy, we provide evidence that high MAPK activity marked a progenitor cell compartment of growth-fueling colon cancer cells in vivo. Our results imply that differential MAPK signaling balances EMT, cancer stem cell potential, and tumor growth in colorectal cancer. Cancer Res; 77(7); 1763–74. ©2017 AACR.
The Phonetics and Phonology of the Polish Calling Melodies
Authors: Arvaniti Amalia , Żygis Marzena , Jaskuła Marek 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTwo calling melodies of Polish were investigated, the routine call, used to call someone for an everyday reason, and the urgent call, which conveys disapproval of the addressee's actions. A Discourse Completion Task was used to elicit the two melodies from Polish speakers using twelve names from one to four syllables long; there were three names per syllable count, and speakers produced three tokens of each name with each melody. The results, based on eleven speakers, show that the routine calling melody consists of a low F0 stretch followed by a rise-fall-rise; the urgent calling melody, on the other hand, is a simple rise-fall. Systematic differences were found in the scaling and alignment of tonal targets: the routine call showed late alignment of the accentual pitch peak, and in most instances lower scaling of targets. The accented vowel was also affected, being overall louder in the urgent call. Based on the data and comparisons with other Polish melodies, we analyze the routine call as LH* !H-H% and the urgent call as H* L-L%. We discuss the results and our analysis in light of recent findings on calling melodies in other languages, and explore their repercussions for intonational phonology and the modeling of intonation.