bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotional intelligence research within human resource development scholarship
Authors: Farnia Forouzan , Nafukho Fredrick Muyia 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this study is to review and synthesize pertinent emotional intelligence (EI) research within the human resource development (HRD) scholarship.

Design/methodology/approach
– An integrative review of literature was conducted and multiple electronic databases were searched to find the relevant resources. Using the content analysis technique, the literature was reviewed and thematically organized.

Findings
– Seven major themes emerged through the process of content analysis on the body of the reviewed literature. The themes which described the presence of EI-related research within the field of HRD, included: Conceptual connections between EI and HRD; various aspects of EI training and development; the strengths and weaknesses of different EI measurement tools; EI profiles of individuals across various careers; the influence of context in the interpretation of EI; the role of EI in productive interpersonal interactions; and, finally, the impact of EI in leadership development and performance.

Research limitations/implications
– The search for this review was limited to peer-reviewed published EI-related articles which contained the keywords “human resource development” or “HRD”. While the field of HRD encompasses a wide variety of areas, this study has the limitation of excluding other relevant articles that did not contain the key terms.

Originality/value
– The originality of this study lies in its focus on EI and developing human resources. It argues that EI is a legitimate organization development intervention that can be effectively utilized to improve performance at individual, group, process and organizational levels.
Are organizations destined to fail?
Authors: Purves Nigel , Niblock Scott , Sloan Keith 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the non-financial causes of organizational success or failure, provide a better understanding of the symptoms of financial distress and improve the predictive capacity of financial failure models.Design/methodology/approach– The paper utilizes exploratory case studies in investigating the relationship of non-financial factors to organizational success or failure across a sample of sector-specific Australian firms listed on the Australian Stock Exchange. A two-tailed study was designed, in which seven cases from both extremes were chosen from three Australian business sectors: finance, property and manufacturing.Findings– Non-financial factors associated with the organizations studied impacted their success or failure. These factors included management skill, experience and involvement in organizational strategy, feedback and resultant activity, together with board of director composition. The identification of financial and non-financial factors and sound internal processes could be utilized for the development of an early warning predictor of organizational success or failure.Research limitations/implications– The use of this method is very time-consuming but is highly valuable in case study research, providing a more in-depth understanding of how non-financial factors impact organizational success or failure.Practical implications– The research will provide a better understanding of the symptoms of financial distress and improve the predictive capacity of financial failure models. The improvement in prediction of organizational failure will reduce the costs of failure to all areas affected, from the large corporation to the small business. The inter-connectivity of all businesses to each other often results in a knock-on effect of failure with the cost being borne by all members of the community in some manner. The level of social impact and cost of failure can only be seen by the enormous costs of the Global Financial Crisis failures.Originality/value– This paper contributes to the literature on effective qualitative research and explores important areas of consideration for those conducting qualitative multiple-case studies. It is intended to be of use to researchers investigating the area of predictors of organizational failure or success.
Should relationship quality be measured as a disaggregated or a composite construct?
Authors: Izogo Ernest Emeka 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to report the results of an empirical study that tested two competing models of relationship quality for superiority and further examined the effect of relationship quality antecedents as well as relationship quality constructs on customer loyalty.

Design/methodology/approach
– Quantitative cross-sectional data generated from 332 informants who are experienced users of banking services formed the final database. The construct validity and reliability of the data set was confirmed. The two competing models were tested with partial least squares structural equation modelling technique.

Findings
– Although the two competing models support all the hypothesised relationships as expected, the disaggregated model of relationship quality was found to be a better predictor of customer loyalty than the composite model of the construct. The two models also show that relationship quality does transmit the effect of customer orientation, expertise and information sharing to customer loyalty. But each of these determinants contributed differentially to relationship quality in both models just as trust and satisfaction contributed differentially to customer loyalty in the disaggregated model.

Research limitations/implications
– This paper questions the predictive ability of all previous models that tested relationship quality as a composite construct. The concern is that outputs from those studies may not have reflected the accurate explanation of the construct on companies’ bottom line. Future research integrating the construct into behavioural models should, therefore, examine the construct from a disaggregated viewpoint.

Practical implications
– Retail managers especially those within the banking sector are better placed to enhance customer loyalty when relationship quality implementation is initiated from the lens of both trust and satisfaction as separate and interdependent constructs, rather than a composite measure. Such approach widens the latitude to identify areas where attention to improvement is needed most.

Originality/value
– The uniqueness of this paper is the measurement of relationship quality both as a disaggregated and composite construct in one study. As far as could be established, in exception of Rafiq et al. (2013) whose model was rather too simplistic, no study of this sort is found within the relationship marketing literature in general and the financial services sector in particular. Based on the two competing models tested, the disaggregated model of relationship quality ahead of the composite/global measure emerged as a superior approach to testing the construct.
Second Life as a research environment: avatar-based focus groups (AFG)
Authors: Gadalla Eman , Abosag Ibrahim , Keeling Kathy 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– This study aims to examine the nature and the potential use of avatar-based focus groups (AFGs) (i.e. focus groups conducted in three-dimensional [3D] virtual worlds [VWs]) as compared to face-to-face and online focus groups (OFGs), motivated by the ability of VWs to stimulate the realism of physical places. Over the past decade, there has been a rapid increase in using 3D VWs as a research tool.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using a two-phase reflective approach, data were collected first by using traditional face-to-face focus groups, followed by AFGs. In Phase 2, an online, semi-structured survey provided comparison data and experiences in AFGs, two-dimensional OFGs and traditional face-to-face focus groups.

Findings
– The findings identify the advantages and disadvantages of AFGs for marketing research. There is no evident difference in data quality between the results of AFGs and face-to-face focus groups. AFG compensates for some of the serious limitations associated with OFGs.

Practical implications
– The paper reflects on three issues, data quality, conduct of AFGs (including the moderator reflection) and participant experience, that together inform one’s understanding of the characteristics, advantages and limitations of AFG.

Originality/value
– This is the first paper to compare between AFGs, traditional face-to-face focus groups and OFGs. AFG holds many advantages over OFGs and even, sometimes, over face-to-face focus groups, providing a suitable environment for researchers to collect data.
A front-to-back guide to writing a qualitative research article
Authors: Gopaldas Ahir 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– This paper aims to offer junior scholars a front-to-back guide to writing an academic, theoretically positioned, qualitative research article in the social sciences.Design/methodology/approach– The paper draws on formal (published) advice from books and articles as well as informal (word-of-mouth) advice from senior scholars.Findings– Most qualitative research articles can be divided into four major parts: the frontend, the methods, the findings, and the backend. This paper offers step-by-step instructions for writing each of these four parts.Originality/value– Much of the advice in this paper is taken-for-granted wisdom among senior scholars. This paper makes such wisdom available to junior scholars in a concise guide.
Building franchisee trust in their franchisor: insights from the franchise sector
Authors: Grace Anthony Richard , Frazer Lorelle , Weaven Scott K. , Dant Rajiv P 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this research is to identify the critical determinants of a franchisee’s trust in their franchisor.Design/methodology/approach– A qualitative approach was used, and 30 interviews were conducted with franchising participants. The first phase of the research consisted of exploratory interviews with franchising experts (franchise lawyers, accountants, consultants, mediators and bankers), and the second phase consisted of semi-structured interviews with franchisees and franchisors across two franchise systems.Findings– The research revealed five critical determinants of a franchisee’s trust in their franchisor: franchisee’s engagement in the system, franchisee’s confidence in the system, franchisee’s perception of a strong team culture, franchisee’s perception of franchisor competence and franchisee’s perception of franchisor character.Practical implications– The research provides insight into how the aforementioned components can be developed within a franchise system to build franchisee trust. The paper also concludes with four practical recommendations that can be integrated within a franchise system to increase levels of franchisee trust.Originality/value– This research builds on prior research into franchisee trust, providing an original contribution to the literature through the development of a practical model, showcasing critical determinants of a franchisee’s trust in their franchisor.
Molecular genetic and physical analysis of gas vesicles in buoyant enterobacteria
Authors: Tashiro Yosuke , Monson Rita E. , Ramsay Joshua P. , Salmond George P. C. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryDifferent modes of bacterial taxis play important roles in environmental adaptation, survival, colonization and dissemination of disease. One mode of taxis is flotation due to the production of gas vesicles. Gas vesicles are proteinaceous intracellular organelles, permeable only to gas, that enable flotation in aquatic niches. Gene clusters for gas vesicle biosynthesis are partially conserved in various archaea, cyanobacteria, and some proteobacteria, such as the enterobacterium, Serratia sp. ATCC 39006 (S39006). Here we present the first systematic analysis of the genes required to produce gas vesicles in S39006, identifying how this differs from the archaeon Halobacterium salinarum. We define 11 proteins essential for gas vesicle production. Mutation of gvpN or gvpV produced small bicone gas vesicles, suggesting that the cognate proteins are involved in the morphogenetic assembly pathway from bicones to mature cylindrical forms. Using volumetric compression, gas vesicles were shown to comprise 17% of S39006 cells, whereas in Escherichia coli heterologously expressing the gas vesicle cluster in a deregulated environment, gas vesicles can occupy around half of cellular volume. Gas vesicle production in S39006 and E. coli was exploited to calculate the instantaneous turgor pressure within cultured bacterial cells; the first time this has been performed in either strain.
Oxygen‐dependent regulation of c‐di‐GMP synthesis by SadC controls alginate production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Schmidt Annika , Hammerbacher Anna Silke , Bastian Mike , Nieken Karen Jule , Klockgether Jens , Merighi Massimo , Lapouge Karine , Poschgan Claudia , Kölle Julia , Acharya K. Ravi , Ulrich Martina , Tümmler Burkhard , Unden Gottfried , Kaever Volkhard , Lory Stephen , Haas Dieter , Schwarz Sandra , Döring Gerd 
Published: January 2016

SummaryPseudomonas aeruginosa produces increased levels of alginate in response to oxygen‐deprived conditions. The regulatory pathway(s) that links oxygen limitation to increased synthesis of alginate has remained elusive. In the present study, using immunofluorescence microscopy, we show that anaerobiosis‐induced alginate production by planktonic PAO1 requires the diguanylate cyclase (DGC) SadC, previously identified as a regulator of surface‐associated lifestyles. Furthermore, we found that the gene products of PA4330 and PA4331, located in a predicted operon with sadC, have a major impact on alginate production: deletion of PA4330 (odaA, for oxygen‐dependent alginate synthesis activator) caused an alginate production defect under anaerobic conditions, whereas a PA4331 (odaI, for oxygen‐dependent alginate synthesis inhibitor) deletion mutant produced alginate also in the presence of oxygen, which would normally inhibit alginate synthesis. Based on their sequence, OdaA and OdaI have predicted hydratase and dioxygenase reductase activities, respectively. Enzymatic assays using purified protein showed that unlike OdaA, which did not significantly affect DGC activity of SadC, OdaI inhibited c‐di‐GMP production by SadC. Our data indicate that SadC, OdaA and OdaI are components of a novel response pathway of P. aeruginosa that regulates alginate synthesis in an oxygen‐dependent manner.
Adaptive Water Resource Planning in the South Saskatchewan River Basin: Use of Scenarios of Hydroclimatic Variability and Extremes
Authors: Sauchyn David J. , St‐Jacques Jeannine‐Marie , Barrow Elaine , Nemeth Michael W. , MacDonald Ryan J. , Sheer A. Michael S. , Sheer Daniel P. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe South Saskatchewan River Basin is one of Canada's most threatened watersheds, with water supplies in most subbasins over‐allocated. In 2013, stakeholders representing irrigation districts, the environment, and municipalities collaborated with researchers and consultants to explore opportunities to improve the resiliency of the management of the Oldman and South Saskatchewan River subbasins. Streamflow scenarios for 2025‐2054 were constructed by the novel approach of regressing historical river flows against indices of large‐scale ocean‐atmosphere climate oscillations to derive statistical streamflow models, which were then run using projected climate indices from global climate models. The impacts of some of the most extreme scenarios were simulated using the hydrologic mass‐balance model Operational Analysis and Simulation of Integrated Systems (OASIS). Based on stakeholder observations, the project participants proposed and evaluated potential risk management and adaption strategies, e.g., modifying existing infrastructure, building new infrastructure, changing operations to supplement environmental flows, reducing demand, and sharing supply. The OASIS model was applied interactively at live modeling sessions with stakeholders to explore practical adaptation strategies. Our results, which serve as recommendations for policy makers, showed that forecast‐based rationing together with new expanded storage could dramatically reduce water shortages.
Long‐Term Trends in Streamflow and Precipitation in Northwest California and Southwest Oregon, 1953‐2012
Authors: Asarian J. Eli , Walker Jeffrey D. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractUsing nonparametric Mann‐Kendall tests, we assessed long‐term (1953‐2012) trends in streamflow and precipitation in Northern California and Southern Oregon at 26 sites regulated by dams and 41 “unregulated” sites. Few (9%) sites had significant decreasing trends in annual precipitation, but September precipitation declined at 70% of sites. Site characteristics such as runoff type (groundwater, snow, or rain) and dam regulation influenced streamflow trends. Decreasing streamflow trends outnumbered increasing trends for most months except at regulated sites for May‐September. Summer (July‐September) streamflow declined at many sites, including 73% of unregulated sites in September. Applying a LOESS regression model of antecedent precipitation vs. average monthly streamflow, we evaluated the underlying streamflow trend caused by factors other than precipitation. Decreasing trends in precipitation‐adjusted streamflow substantially outnumbered increasing trends for most months. As with streamflow, groundwater‐dominated sites had a greater percent of declining trends in precipitation‐adjusted streamflow than other runoff types. The most pristine surface‐runoff‐dominated watersheds within the study area showed no decreases in precipitation‐adjusted streamflow during the summer months. These results suggest that streamflow decreases at other sites were likely due to more increased human withdrawals and vegetation changes than to climate factors other than precipitation quantity.
Low viral predation pressure in cold hypersaline Arctic sediments and limits on lytic replication
Authors: Colangelo‐Lillis Jesse , Wing Boswell A. , Whyte Lyle G. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryViruses are ubiquitous drivers of microbial ecology and evolution and contribute to biogeochemical cycling. Attention to these attributes has been more substantial for marine viruses than viruses of other environments. Microscopy‐based investigation of the viral communities from two cold, hypersaline Arctic springs was undertaken to explore the effects of these conditions on microbe–viral ecology. Sediments and water samples were collected along transects from each spring, from anoxic spring outlets through oxygenated downstream channels. Viral abundance, virus–microbe ratios and modelled virus–microbe contact rates were lower than comparable aqueous and sedimentary environments and most similar to deep subsurface sediments. No individual cell from either spring was visibly infected. Viruses in these springs appear to play a smaller role in controlling microbial populations through lytic activity than in marine water column or surface sedimentary environments. Relief from viral predation indicates the microbial communities are primarily controlled by nutrient limitation. The similarity of these springs to deep subsurface sediments suggests a biogeographic divide in viral replication strategy in marine sediments.
Effects of carbazole‐degradative plasmid pCAR1 on biofilm morphology in Pseudomonas putida KT2440
Authors: Lee Seunguk , Takahashi Yurika , Oura Hiromu , Suzuki‐Minakuchi Chiho , Okada Kazunori , Yamane Hisakazu , Nomura Nobuhiko , Nojiri Hideaki 
Published: January 2016

SummaryBacteria typically form biofilms under natural conditions. To elucidate the effect of the carriage of carbazole‐degradative plasmid pCAR1 on biofilm formation by host bacteria, we compared the biofilm morphology, using confocal laser scanning microscopy, of three pCAR1‐free and pCAR1‐carrying Pseudomonas hosts: P. putida KT2440, P. aeruginosa PAO1 and P. fluorescens Pf0–1. Although pCAR1 did not significantly affect biofilm formation by PAO1 or Pf0–1, pCAR1‐carrying KT2440 became filamentous and formed flat biofilms, whereas pCAR1‐free KT2440 formed mushroom‐like biofilms. pCAR1 contains three genes encoding nucleoid‐associated proteins (NAPs), namely, Pmr, Pnd and Phu. The enhanced filamentous morphology was observed in two double mutants [KT2440(pCAR1ΔpmrΔpnd) and KT2440(pCAR1ΔpmrΔphu)], suggesting that these NAPs are involved in modulating the filamentous phenotype. Transcriptome analyses of the double mutants identified 32 candidate genes that may be involved in filamentation of KT2440. Overexpression of PP_2193 in KT2440 induced filamentation and overexpression of PP_0308 or PP_0309 in KT2440(pCAR1) enhanced filamentation of cells over time. This suggests that pCAR1 induces development of an abnormal filamentous morphology by KT2440 via a process involving overexpression of several genes, such as PP_2193. In addition, pCAR1‐encoded NAPs partly suppress too much filamentation of KT2440(pCAR1) by repressing transcription of some genes, such as PP_0308 and PP_0309.
Muscle Oxygen Saturation Improves Diagnostic Association Between Initial Vital Signs and Major Hemorrhage: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Reisner Andrew T. , Edla Shwetha , Liu Jianbo , Rubin John T. , Thorsen Jill E. , Kittell Erin , Smith Jason B. , Yeh Daniel D. , Reifman Jaques 
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjectivesDuring initial assessment of trauma patients, vital signs do not identify all patients with life‐threatening hemorrhage. We hypothesized that a novel vital sign, muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2), could provide independent diagnostic information beyond routine vital signs for identification of hemorrhaging patients who require packed red blood cell (RBC) transfusion.MethodsThis was an observational study of adult trauma patients treated at a Level I trauma center. Study staff placed the CareGuide 1100 tissue oximeter (Reflectance Medical Inc., Westborough, MA), and we analyzed average values of SmO2, systolic blood pressure (sBP), pulse pressure (PP), and heart rate (HR) during 10 minutes of early emergency department evaluation. We excluded subjects without a full set of vital signs during the observation interval. The study outcome was hemorrhagic injury and RBC transfusion ≥ 3 units in 24 hours (24‐hr RBC ≥ 3). To test the hypothesis that SmO2 added independent information beyond routine vital signs, we developed one logistic regression model with HR, sBP, and PP and one with SmO2 in addition to HR, sBP, and PP and compared their areas under receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC AUCs) using DeLong's test.ResultsWe enrolled 487 subjects; 23 received 24‐hr RBC ≥ 3. Compared to the model without SmO2, the regression model with SmO2 had a significantly increased ROC AUC for the prediction of ≥ 3 units of 24‐hr RBC volume, 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75–0.91) versus 0.77 (95% CI, 0.66–0.86; p < 0.05 per DeLong's test). Results were similar for ROC AUCs predicting patients (n = 11) receiving 24‐hr RBC ≥ 9.ConclusionsSmO2 significantly improved the diagnostic association between initial vital signs and hemorrhagic injury with blood transfusion. This parameter may enhance the early identification of patients who require blood products for life‐threatening hemorrhage.