bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical structure, synthesis, and physical and chemical properties of porous polymers as materials applied in analytical chemistry and environmental protection
Authors: Goś Piotr , Chmielewski Jarosław , Janczura Marta , Gorczyca Damian , Żyfka-Zagrodzińska Ewa 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This article is part of a series devoted to discussing strategies for the synthesis of ion-imprinted polymers and molecularly imprinted polymers, their chemical structure and great potential, which may be used in porous material design, analytical chemistry, environmental protection and other areas of science. The presented work constitutes a basis for a better understanding of what porous polymers are, how we can synthesise them and how to foresee their properties, which can be later used in studies of environmental pollution and analytical chemistry.
Measures and visualization methods of map projection distortions with the use of “python matplotlib library” as an example
Authors: Pędzich Paweł 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The aim of the author of this article is to show the users of Geographical Information Systems how to present the distortions in a simple way. The intention of the author is also to popularize the knowledge in the scope of map projections and to inform the users of the maps that, despite all the advanced modern tools, an elimination of the problem, connected with the map projections and cartographical distortions occurring in them, has failed so far.
The author presents a brief overview of the measures in the scope of distortions and methods of their presentation. It is also shown how the users can generate the maps, presenting a distortion by themselves. It is much easier to perform this type of visualization with the help of “matplotlib library”, basically everyone can compile such a map.
Initial experience of using an iron-containing fiducial marker for radiotherapy of prostate cancer: Advantages in the visualization of markers in Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Tanaka Osamu , Iida Takayoshi , Komeda Hisao , Tamaki Masayoshi , Seike Kensaku , Kato Daiki , Yokoyama Takamasa , Hirose Shigeki , Kawaguchi Daisuke 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Visualization of markers is critical for imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the size of the marker varies according to the imaging technique. While a large-sized marker is more useful for visualization in MRI, it results in artifacts on CT and causes substantial pain on administration. In contrast, a small-sized marker reduces the artifacts on CT but hampers MRI detection. Herein, we report a new ironcontaining marker and compare its utility with that of non-iron-containing markers. Five patients underwent CT/MRI fusion-based intensity-modulated radiotherapy, and the markers were placed by urologists. A Gold Anchor™ (GA; diameter, 0.28 mm; length, 10 mm) was placed using a 22G needle on the right side of the prostate. A VISICOIL™ (VIS; diameter, 0.35 mm; length, 10 mm) was placed using a 19G needle on the left side. MRI was performed using T2*-weighted imaging. Three observers evaluated and scored the visual qualities of the acquired images. The mean score of visualization was almost identical between the GA and VIS in radiography and cone-beam CT (Novalis Tx). The artifacts in planning CT were slightly larger using the GA than using the VIS. The visualization of the marker on MRI using the GA was superior to that using the VIS. In conclusion, the visualization quality of radiography, conebeam CT, and planning CT was roughly equal between the GA and VIS. However, the GA was more strongly visualized than was the VIS on MRI due to iron containing.
Long-term effects of reproductive period on mineralized tissues (bones and teeth) in peri- and postmenopausal women
Authors: Piątek Dominika , Bachanek Teresa , Klijer Magdalena , Chałas Renata 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Introduction. Reproductive period in women begins with the occurrence of the first menstruation and ends with the cessation thereof. The latter occurs at different age of women, depending on many factors such as race, geographical or living conditions and so on. At this time, many processes affect the condition of mineralized tissues in a woman’s body.
Aim. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of reproductive period (fertility, lactation, age of menopause) on the parameters of bone tissue and hard tissues of teeth in peri- and postmenopausal women.
Material and methods. The study involved 112 women aged 45-74 years. There was conducted a survey and a clinical study. Patients were asked about the number of pregnancies and offspring, the duration of lactation in case of each child, the age at which the menopause occurred. Periods of pregnancies and lactation were recorded in months. The bone mineral density, the number of teeth present in the mouth were also evaluated, and the DMFT index was calculated.
Results. In the studied groups of women a significant correlation between the bone mineral density and the T-score and the age at which menopause occurred was observed. Also, a significant correlation between the number of offspring and the number of the DMFT index, the number of offspring and component MT of the DMFT index and the number of offspring and the number of teeth present in the mouth during the study. A significant positive correlation between the duration of pregnancies and lactation and the DMFT index, the component MT and the number of teeth present in the mouth during the study, was observed.
Conclusions. In the studied population of peri- and postmenopausal women, a possible impact of reproductive period on the parameters of the state of the bones and teeth - the longer the total duration of pregnancy and breastfeeding and early age of onset of menopause concerned worse parameters of mineralized tissues - with the higher number of DMFT index and lower bone mineral density were observed.
Hypocalcaemia, Hypoglycaemia, Macrosomia and Congenital Cryptorchidism in a Male Offspring of a Mother with Overweight and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Onyiriuka Alphonsus N. , Edorhe Sandra O. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis paper reports a case of a male infant born to a 32-year-old multiparous mother with overweight (BMI 28.5kg/m2) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The mother had fasting hyperglycaemia (range 5.7- 6.0mmol/L) noted at 24 weeks of pregnancy and was managed with diet alone. There is no family history of diabetes mellitus and the mother did not have pre-eclampsia. Physical examination of the infant revealed macrosomia (birthweight, 4600g) and bilateral congenital cryptorchidism. The baby suffered severe hypoglycaemia (blood glucose 1.7mmol/L) and hypocalcaemia (total serum calcium 1.03mmol/L), manifesting with seizures. He was successfully managed with 10% dextrose water and calcium gluconate infusion, using standard protocol. His karyotype is 46 XY. The patient was discharged from admission at the age of 10 days and was referred to the paediatric endocrinologist at the tertiary hospital. By 8 weeks of age, the right testis was noticed to have descended into the right scrotum. At the age of 3 months, the left testis was still not palpable either in the inguinal canal or the scrotal sac. The patient was lost to follow up. Conclusion: Diet-treated maternal overweight in association with GDM could potentially increase the risk for hypocalcaemia, hypoglycaemia, macrosomia and congenital cryptorchidism in the offspring, highlighting the need for physicians to assess for the presence of these morbidities in such infants.
Eating Habits in Normal Weight and Obese People
Authors: Posea Mihaela , Dragomir Andreea , Radulian Gabriela 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground and Aims: The aim of this study was to document the eating habits of normal weight and obese patients in order to implement a new and healthier lifestyle. Material and Methods: We evaluated the intake of energy and that of vitamins and minerals in a sample of 199 normal weight and obese subjects. We also performed anthropometric's measurements, paraclinic’s and laboratory’s tests. Results: The mean intake of vitamins and minerals is significantly different for B1 and B3 vitamins and for iron, phosphorus, copper and selenium. Vitamins like B1, B2, B3, B6, B12, C and A vitamin and minerals like, zinc, manganese, phosphorus and selenium are over consumed in both groups. Regarding the sodium’s intake, only 37.04% of normal weight patients fulfill the recommendations of less than 2 g/day. The prevalence of a high fat diet is about 59.29% in normal weight people and 60.69% among obese ones. Only 25% of normal weight patients had normal abdominal circumference and 58.47% of obese subjects had normal HDL-cholesterol levels. Conclusions: Regardless the body mass index (BMI) status, neither normal weight subjects nor the obese ones' had an adequate micronutrient intake. Also, there is a high prevalence of high sodium’s intake and a high fat diet among the normal weight patients.
Pharmacotherapy in the Treatment of Obesity
Authors: Ionică Floriana Elvira , Negreș Simona , Șeremet Oana Cristina , Chiriță Cornel 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground and Aims: In the last three decades, obesity and its related co morbidities has quickly increased. Sometime, obesity was viewed as a serious health issue in developed countries alone, but now is recognized as a worldwide epidemic, and its associated costs are enormous. Obesity is related with various diseases, like hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), dyslipidemia, chronic cardiovascular diseases, respiratory conditions, alongside chronic liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This review purpose is to provide data on the current anti-obesity drugs, also available and in the development. Material and Methods: We searched MEDLINE from 2006 to the present to collect information on the anti-obesity pharmacotherapy. Results and Conclusions: In the patients with obesity related comorbidities, there may be an adaptation of the anti-obesity pharmacotherapy to the patients’ needs, in respect to the improvements of the cardiometabolic parameters. Although their efficacy was proven, the anti-obesity pharmacotherapies have presented adverse events that require a careful monitoring during treatment. The main obstacle for approve new drugs seems to be the ratio between the risks and the benefits, because of a long-time background of perilous anti-obesity drugs.
The estimation of some wild flowers seed material from the natural-valuable meadow habitats
Authors: Janicka Maria , Pawluśkiewicz Bogumiła , Małuszyńska Elżbieta , Szydłowska Anna 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The restoration of the species composition of the meadow habitats is often linked to the introduction of the typical species’ seeds. The effectiveness of that treatment requires getting the acquired detailed knowledge of the germination biology of peculiar species. Eight typical plant species of four non-forest habitats of the river valleys, representing the following types: Cnidion dubii (6440), Molinion (6410), Arrhenatherion (6510) and Festuco-Brometea (6210) were investigated. The diasporas were collected in the years 2014–2015 on the meadows of PLH 140016 protection area near Mniszew (Kozienice county, Mazovian voivodeship). The ability of seeds’ germination in the laboratory conditions was studied. It was stated that Cnidion and Molinion meadows’ species require pre-chilling to break the seeds’ dormancy, while the Arrhenatherion meadows and xerotermophilous swards do not require such treatment. The Allium angulosum, Plantago lanceolata, Achillea millefolium and Eryngium planum were characterized by high vigour and germination capability as well as the low share of dead seeds. The extremely drought in 2015 caused the decreasing in germination capability and increasing in the dead seeds’ share. The preliminary studies, presented in this paper, show that Cnidion and Molinion meadows may be most difficult to restore because of the necessity of breaking the seeds’ dormancy and higher sensitiveness for the unfavourable weather conditions during the seed ripening stage. The studies have practical significance for the works connected with the floristic diversity’ increasing of threatened communities and the restoration of the destroyed meadow habitats.
Threats to aquatic ecosystems caused by antibiotic-resistant isolate of Escherichia coli from sewage
Authors: Frąk Magdalena , Kozerska Zuzanna 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The occurrence of Escherichia coli isolate resistant to penicillin and streptomycin in sewage discharged into the environment was tested. Thirty three Escherichia coli isolate were isolated from sewage samples showed different susceptibility to tested antibiotics. All tested isolate show higher resistance to penicillin than streptomycin. Twenty four tested E. coli isolate showed resistance only to low concentrations of penicillin. Five E. coli isolate showed resistance to higher concentrations of penicillin as well (120 μg·dm−3). Five E. coli isolate showed resistance to penicillin and streptomycin. Discharging sewage that contains bacteria isolate resistant to antibiotics into the aquatic environment causes their spreading and increases threats to aquatic ecosystems.
Structure investigations of layered soil – varved clay
Authors: Tankiewicz Matylda 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
In the paper the results of laboratory investigations of structure of layered soil are presented. They focus on varved clay that is a soil composed of two alternately arranged varves with different texture and mechanical properties. An effect of such structure is an anisotropy of the material. Due to varying conditions during its formation process the soil exhibits some irregularities in composition and structure. Due to that modelling of mechanical behavior, like strength, may not provide satisfactory results. Main purpose of the examinations is an investigation of internal structure of layered soil – varved clay – in relation to its strength anisotropy and evaluation of the suitability of the use of two different techniques to assess the soil structure. Investigated material have been taken from area near city of Bełchatów in central Poland. The examinations included investigation of particle size distribution of soil and its components, identification of lamination with use of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and computed microtomography technique (μCT). First, the texture of each varve and varved clay as a composite have been estimated. Next, the investigation of surface perpendicular to the lamination have been carried out with SEM. Pictures of varves with different magnifications are presented. Also the varves arrangement and details of layers contact area are shown. Finally, investigation of internal structure of the soil have been performed by using microtomograph. The outcome is a series of radiographic images and reconstructed 3D model of tested soil. Presented results show complexity of the structure of varved clay that affect the mechanical behavior. Determination of the structure with use of presented techniques may be helpful in examination of strength properties and proper modeling of such soil.
Trophic Status and Phytoplankton Limitation Conditions in a Few Bulgarian and Hungarian Danube River Wetlands
Authors: Kalchev Roumen , Berczik Árpád , Beshkova Michaela , Dinka Mária , Kalcheva Hristina , Kiss Anita , Ágoston-Szabó Edit 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe phytoplankton limitation conditions in a few Bulgarian and Hungarian wetlands and in two more sampling sites, one for each Danube stretch, were investigated by means of trophic state index of Carlson (1977) for phytoplankton chlorophyll-a (CHL), Secchi disk depths (SD), total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations. Phytoplankton of both river sites was not limited by non-algal turbidity, nor was they phosphorus and nitrogen limited. In summer months the studied wetlands were predominantly nitrogen limited, while in spring and autumn limitation by non-algal turbidity prevailed.
Thymallus thymallus (Linnaeus, 1758), Ecological Status in Maramureş Mountains Nature Park (Romania)
Authors: Curtean-Bănăduc Angela , Bănăduc Doru 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

Thymallus thymallus is considered a species of significant protective importance within the Vişeu Watershed. The state of habitats characteristically inhabited by Thymallus thymallus within the Maramureş Mountains Nature Park is balanced between reduced (one third of the lotic sectors where the species was identified), average (one third) and good (one third). The excellent conservation status is currently missing for populations of this fish in the Vișeu Basin.
Human impact types identified as contributing towards the decreasing state of Thymallus thymallus habitats and therefore populations in the studied area in comparison with its natural potential are: poaching, minor riverbeds morphodynamic changings, solid and liquid natural flow changes, destruction of riparian trees and bush vegetation, habitat fragmentation/isolation of population, organic and mining pollution, and displaced fish that are washed away during flood periods in the lotic sectors uniformized by humans.
Distribution of Leading Digits of Numbers
Authors: Ohkubo Yukio , Strauch Oto 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Applying the theory of distribution functions of sequences we find the relative densities of the first digits also for sequences xn
not satisfying Benford’s law. Especially for sequence xn
= nr
, n = 1, 2, . . . and

x
n

=

p
n
r

$x_n = p_n^r $

, n = 1, 2, . . ., where pn
is the increasing sequence of all primes and r > 0 is an arbitrary real. We also add rate of convergence to such densities.
On the Pseudorandomness of the Liouville Function of Polynomials over a Finite Field
Authors: Mérai László , Winterhof Arne 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We study several pseudorandom properties of the Liouville function and the Möbius function of polynomials over a finite field. More precisely, we obtain bounds on their balancedness as well as their well-distribution measure, correlation measure, and linear complexity profile.
On Small Sets of Distribution Functions of Ratio Block Sequences
Authors: Krčmarský David , Mišík Ladislav , Václavíková Zuzana 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
There are various methods how to describe and characterize distribution of elements of sets of positive integers. One of the most interesting is that using the set of all distribution functions of the corresponding ratio block sequence introduced in [Strauch, O.—Tóth, J.T.: Publ. Math. Debrecen 58 (2001), no. 4, 751–778]. In the present paper we give some sufficient conditions under which this set is small in a metric sense. As a corollary we obtain a new characterization of the case of asymptotic distribution.
On the Constant in the Average Digit Sum for a Recurrence-Based Numeration
Authors: Ballot Christian 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Given an integral, increasing, linear-recurrent sequence A with initial term 1, the greedy algorithm may be used on the terms of A to represent all positive integers. For large classes of recurrences, the average digit sum is known to equal cA
log n+O(1), where cA
is a positive constant that depends on A. This asymptotic result is re-proved with an elementary approach for a class of special recurrences larger than, or distinct from, that of former papers. The focus is on the constants cA
for which, among other items, explicit formulas are provided and minimal values are found, or conjectured, for all special recurrences up to a certain order.
Spatial Equidistribution of Binomial Coefficients Modulo Prime Powers
Authors: Barat Guy , Grabner Peter J. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The spatial distribution of binomial coefficients in residue classes modulo prime powers is studied. It is proved inter alia that empirical distribution of the points (k,m)p
−

m
with 0 ≤ k ≤ n < pm
and

(

n

k

)

≡
a

(

mod
⁡

p

)

s

$\left( {\matrix{n \cr k \cr } } \right) \equiv a\left( {\bmod \;p} \right)^s $

(for (a, p) = 1) for m→∞ tends to the Hausdorff measure on the “p-adic Sierpiński gasket”, a fractals studied earlier by von Haeseler, Peitgen, and Skordev.
Yet Another Footnote to the Least Non Zero Digit of n! in Base 12
Authors: Deshouillers Jean-Marc 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We continue the study, initiated with Imre Ruzsa, of the last non zero digit ℓ12(n!) of n! in base 12, showing that for any a ∈ {3, 4, 6, 8, 9}, the set of those integers n for which ℓ12(n!) = a is not 3-automatic.
On a Golay-Shapiro-Like Sequence
Authors: Allouche Jean-Paul 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
A recent paper by P. Lafrance, N. Rampersad, and R. Yee studies the sequence of occurrences of 10 as a scattered subsequence in the binary expansion of integers. They prove in particular that the summatory function of this sequence has the “root N” property, analogously to the summatory function of the Golay-Shapiro sequence. We prove here that the root N property does not hold if we twist the sequence by powers of a complex number of modulus one, hence showing a fundamental difference with the Golay-Shapiro sequence.
Gene‐body chromatin modification dynamics mediate epigenome differentiation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Inagaki Soichi , Takahashi Mayumi , Hosaka Aoi , Ito Tasuku , Toyoda Atsushi , Fujiyama Asao , Tarutani Yoshiaki , Kakutani Tetsuji 
Published: January 2017

AbstractHeterochromatin is marked by methylation of lysine 9 on histone H3 (H3K9me). A puzzling feature of H3K9me is that this modification localizes not only in promoters but also in internal regions (bodies) of silent transcription units. Despite its prevalence, the biological significance of gene‐body H3K9me remains enigmatic. Here we show that H3K9me‐associated removal of H3K4 monomethylation (H3K4me1) in gene bodies mediates transcriptional silencing. Mutations in an Arabidopsis H3K9 demethylase gene IBM1 induce ectopic H3K9me2 accumulation in gene bodies, with accompanying severe developmental defects. Through suppressor screening of the ibm1‐induced developmental defects, we identified the LDL2 gene, which encodes a homolog of conserved H3K4 demethylases. The ldl2 mutation suppressed the developmental defects, without suppressing the ibm1‐induced ectopic H3K9me2. The ectopic H3K9me2 mark directed removal of gene‐body H3K4me1 and caused transcriptional repression in an LDL2‐dependent manner. Furthermore, mutations of H3K9 methylases increased the level of H3K4me1 in the gene bodies of various transposable elements, and this H3K4me1 increase is a prerequisite for their transcriptional derepression. Our results uncover an unexpected role of gene‐body H3K9me2/H3K4me1 dynamics as a mediator of heterochromatin silencing and epigenome differentiation.