bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drivers of Pharmaceutical Compounding: Regional Experience Analysis Using Irkutsk Pharmacy Organisations as a Case Study
Authors: Kovalskaya G. N. , Verlan N. V. , Mikhalevich E. N. 
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION. National pharmacy compounding is a priority for providing the population with medicinal products, particularly the medicinal products lacking in the Russian Federation. Investigating opportunities to improve the operation of compounding pharmacies in the Russian Federation remains essential, especially in the context of the developing personalised approach to treatment, growing practice of orphan drug development, and import substitution needs.AIM. This study aimed to identify the factors driving the development of compounding pharmacies under the current conditions.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study focused on the Russian regulatory framework for pharmacy compounding, as well as the range of dosage forms and administration routes of the medicinal products that had been produced and packaged by the compounding pharmacies in Irkutsk in 2021–2023.RESULTS. This study showed a demand for compounded medicinal products among both healthcare providers and patients. These medicinal products covered a traditional range of compounded medicines, including custom formulae, medicines for paediatrics and geriatrics, stock preparations, and pharmacy-packaged items. In 2021–2023, the mean annual production of Irkutsk pharmacy organisations amounted to ~500,000 units of compounded medicinal products, with a variety of doses and dosage forms. The medicinal products were compounded using ~100 different active substances and over 20 approved medicinal products. This study examined the evolution of Russian pharmacy compounding legislation. The key aspects included the establishment of a pharmaceutical quality system for compounded medicinal products, the extension of shelf life for specific dosage forms, and the authorisation to use medicinal products approved in the Eurasian Economic Union in compounding. The study showed that the main factors driving the operation of compounding pharmacies were the ongoing regulatory framework transformation and the transition from standardised treatment to personalised medicine. The main impediments for compounding pharmacies included the lack of state support, the ban on compounding medicinal products produced by pharmaceutical companies, the shortage of skilled staff, the inadequate supply of equipment (first of all, production machinery), the poor availability of active substances and excipients in small packages, and the challenges associated with regulatory control and oversight over the quality of compounded medicinal products.CONCLUSIONS. Further stimulation of the active development of compounding pharmacies requires further investigation into their operation in other regions, which will help to develop legal arrangements for the federal and regional state support of compounding pharmacies, procure up-to-date materials and equipment, and train the staff for compounding pharmacies.
Analysis of the Risks Associated with the Functions of a Pharmacy Cleaner in Pharmaceutical Compounding
Authors: Voronina E. A. , Eliseeva M. G. , Potapova A. E. , Vorobyova N. V. , Egorova S. N. 
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION.Pharmacy compounding involves certain risks that are directly related to the process of extemporaneous preparation and the actions of its participants. However, the role of pharmacy cleaners, whose actions can influence the quality of compounded medicinal products, has not been studied yet.AIM.This study aimed to analyse the risks to the quality of compounded medicinal products associated with the functions of a pharmacy cleaner in pharmaceutical compounding of non-sterile dosage forms.MATERIALS AND METHODS.The study used failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) in accordance with the relevant Russian State Standard, as well as open brainstorming discussion. The study examined the functions of a pharmacy cleaner in pharmaceutical compounding of non-sterile dosage forms. The results were assessed by statistically processing the study data and assigning each potential failure mode a certain category.RESULTS.The risk analysis identified 45 potential failure modes for the functions of a pharmacy cleaner. Of these, 12 failure modes (26.7%) had a high level of criticality, 14 failure modes (31.1%) had a medium level of criticality, and 19 failure modes (42.2%) had a low level of criticality. Not all potential failure modes had valid documented regulatory provisions for the risk assessment and the development of prevention-type controls.CONCLUSIONS.The analysis of the functions of a pharmacy cleaner highlighted the potential risks to the quality of extemporaneous medicinal products prepared by compounding pharmacies. The study identified a lack of valid regulatory documentation. The authors suggested using the study results to amend the regulatory documents and standard operating procedures (SOPs) guiding the work of a pharmacy cleaner, to develop illustrative educational materials, and to conduct on-the-job training for pharmacy staff.
The South African Council of Churches and the Science and Religion Debate during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kumalo R. Simangaliso , Taruona Honoured 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The relationship between science and religion has been a topical issue in the Western world, both in academic and popular literature. It has, however, been a peripheral issue in Africa, the epicentre of Christianity and where both religion and science play a prominent role. Where African scholars have written about it, it has largely focused on Pentecostal and Charismatic churches to the negligence of mainline churches. This article examines the views and responses of the South African Council of Churches (SACC), the largest ecumenical body in the country, to the COVID-19 pandemic in the light of the science and religion debate. The views and responses of the SACC to the pandemic were gathered from the various press statements and documents that the ecumenical body produced between March 2020 and September 2021.
The impact of internal labor migration on morbidity rates with temporary disability in the Russian Federation
Authors: Shastin Aleksandr S. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. One of the most important indicators of the health of the working population is the incidence of temporary disability. The statistical data do not take into account the temporary labor migration of the population, which distorts the idea of the morbidity of the permanent population at the level of the subjects of the Russian Federation and municipalities.
The study aims to carry out a comparative assessment of the temporary disability (ТD) level and rating places of the subjects of the Russian Federation on the basis of statistical indicators "Number of cases of TD" and "Number of days of TD" per 100 employees and calculated indicators per 100 employed in the economy.
Materials and methods. The article tells about the use of federal statistical observation data. Specialists have made their own calculations of indicators of the level of temporary disability by the number of cases and days per 100 employed in the economy. A direct ranking was carried out in descending order of all the studied indicators. The authors also conducted a direct ranking in descending order of all the studied indicators and performed a comparative analysis of the rating places of the subjects of the Russian Federation according to the level of temporary disability, according to official statistical data per 100 employees and calculated data per 100 employed.
Results. In almost 30% of the subjects of the Russian Federation, significant changes were detected in 20 or more rating places, both with the shift of regions into groups with higher levels and with lower levels of morbidity.
Limitations. The materials used in this study did not take into account the gender and age characteristics of morbidity.
Conclusion. At the present stage, it is necessary to develop new methodological approaches for the analysis of the temporary disability at the regional and municipal levels, their introduction into the system of social and hygienic monitoring and the system of risk management for public health. The use of the indicator "number of people employed in the economy" to analyze temporary disability at the territorial (regional, municipal) level more accurately reflects the level of morbidity of the permanent population living in the study area.
Ethics. The conclusion of the local Ethics Committee is not required for conducting the study.
Acercamiento teórico sobre la digitalización y herramientas administrativas de las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas
Authors: Sánchez Sulú Nancy Verónica , Baqueiro López Perla Gabriela , Andrade Ortiz Salvador , González Durand Javier 
Published: September 2024

Introducción: En México hay restricciones en torno a la digitalización por el estatus de nuestros componentes económicos competitivos, pero existen opciones a desarrollar para buscar alinear a las organizaciones hacia una economía más digitalizada independientemente de sus niveles de consolidación de procesos administrativos y madurez digital, así como sus atributos de tamaño, sector o ubicación urbana o rural. Metodología: Está investigación cuenta con componentes empírico-analíticos por lo que se analizan las investigaciones, trabajos, estudios, y publicaciones relacionadas con las propuestas teóricas de la administración de empresas en el ámbito nacional y sus características, así como los planteamientos teóricos sobre el uso y aprovechamiento de la tecnología digital. Resultados y discusión Es cierto que el acceso a la información es cada vez más sencillo en términos de capacitación autónoma sobre procesos digitales y los beneficios que estos pueden traer a las empresas, sin embargo, aún existen grupos vulnerables de emprendedores que están en un nivel de madurez digital incipiente o en algunos casos en transición. Conclusiones: Uno de los hallazgos en el análisis de la literatura es que el componente económico de creación y mejoramiento de empresas está directamente relacionado con el desarrollo endógeno de los territorios.
Phrasebook in Text Typology: a Type of Textbook or an Independent Type of Text?
Authors: Sokoljuk M. A. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. A phrasebook as a type of text is aimed at providing the basics of communication in situations when the knowledge of a foreign language is absent. It can not be classified as a type of a dictionary, textbook or manual for the development of speaking skills. The article examines the problem of determining the status of a phrasebook in the typology of text types. The study is aimed at a diachronic analysis of the texts and structure of phrasebooks to identify features that unite a phrasebook with a textbook, as well as to determine the properties inherent only to a phrasebook, allowing it to be distinguished as an independent type of text. The lack of works that consider the problem of determining the status of a phrasebook determines the relevance of the study.Methodology and sources. The research material – the texts of German-Russian and Russian-German phrasebooks of the XVIII–XXI centuries, covering the time period from 1795 to 2011, which were created both for teaching the German or Russian language, and for practical use during travel. The general (educational and tourist) phrasebooks were chosen because of the fact that they reflect different aspects of interaction between representatives of language communities in predetermined situations.Results and discussion. The comparison has shown that a phrasebook is an independent type of text, at different stages of its historical development having more or less similar features with a textbook, dictionary and a manual for the development of oral speech skills, but differing significantly from them. In the course of its historical development, the cohesive connections between the linguistic units of the phrasebook weaken: from a book containing coherent and logical dialogues on various topics (XVIII–XIX centuries), the phrasebook turns into a manual with a set of thematically organized template phrases and lists of words (late XX–XXI centuries).Conclusion. The phrasebook, thus, is a type of text that is closely related to the era of creation, which is reflected not only in the theme and structure, but also in the strength of the cohesive connections of the linguistic units that make up the phrasebook.
Figurative Narratives in Political Blogging: Linguocognitive Perspective
Authors: Skrynnikova I. V. , Generalova L. M. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Recent years have seen a significant shift towards the pervasive use of figurative narratives in mediated political communication. Narrative practices, previously analyzed exclusively within the framework of literary theory, have become a kind of «language games» of modern politicians in their communication with potential voters and opponents, debates and intricate negotiation processes. The article analyzes figurative narratives of the English- and German-speaking political blogs as a powerful linguistic-cognitive tool for mediated political communication. The purpose of the paper is deep semantic analysis of figurative narratives of political blogs, which, as the authors claim, is a promising direction of research due to the narrative nature of human reasoning. The paper argues that the skillful use of figurative narrative practices based on archetypical plots and cultural references makes it possible to manipulate the consciousness of the electorate to achieve political goals.Methodology and sources. Methodologically, the study is based on the cognitive-discursive approach to narrative analysis and the basic principles of the neural theory of language and metaphor.Results and discussion. Pointing to the manipulative effect of metaphorical framing in narrative, the authors attempt to present a holistic view of narrative as a tool for the formation of political views. The study is based on the premise that narrative employs the rich structure of human representations of events and actions, and the type of metaphor promoted in the narrative affects human understanding of events and the adoption of certain positions on an important public issue by readers of political blogs. The set of metaphors, politicians use, forms a special type of cultural narrative, which the authors interpret as an extended metaphorical narrative.Conclusion. Summarizing the effects of using metaphorically framed narratives in politics, the authors conclude that the narrative communication strategy in political blogging is a targeted impact on a communication partner by referring to various narrative plots; the modification or transformation of the potential and diversity of political narratives, as well as their effectiveness, speaks in favor of their use in domestic and foreign policy communication to contribute to a symmetrical communication space aimed at successful cooperation rather than confrontation.
French Loanwords in English cr-phonaesthemic group
Authors: Malysheva V. N. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The article examines the influence of French borrowings on the process of development of phonaesthemic sound symbolism in the English language. Phonaesthemes work as a language instrument of semantic structuring of meanings of groups of words with similar form. The article aims to identify how French borrowings influenced the set of semes characteristic of the English phonaesthemic group cr-.Methodology and sources. The preselected 62 English words with the initial cr- consonant cluster borrowed from French, were analyzed for their possible influence on the respective English phonaesthemic group. 25 words were confirmed to be phonaesthemic. The words were selected from the Oxford English Dictionary by targeted sampling. Etymology, if necessary, was further verified after French etymological dictionaries Le Littré and Trésor. Theoretical framework for this research are the works of Mikhalev (phonosemantic field theory), Leonardi (on Latin phonaesthemes) and Bottineau (on French iconic words). Methods applied in the research are etymological and phonosemantic analyses. French loanwords included and not included in the English phonaesthemic group were analysed separately.Results and discussion. The data analyses have shown that in case the shared semes of the CR- word group in the donor language coincide with those of the recipient language, loanwords seem to augment and strengthen the tendency to form phonaesthemic groups. Otherwise, new words remain outside the English phonosemantic field of the group in question. Phonotactic restrictions may also leave such loanwords outside the studied phonaesthemic group. French loanwords of Germanic origin seem to demonstrate stronger sustainability in language as compared to those of Latin origin. Words of French origin appear to be onomatopoeic only.Conclusion. The results of the study demonstrate that French loanwords had a limited effect on the English cr- phonaesthemic group. French loanwords have expanded the group and strengthened the tendencies formed within the native English word group.
Self-Presentational Communication in Context Digital Realities of Modern Society
Authors: Mamina R. I. , Yakupova S. V. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. In the age of the digital economy and hyper-competition, self-presentation communication as a type of self-promotion, as the ability to present oneself to a communication partner, employer, business partner or target audience, is considered by experts as a key skill of the 21st century. It is also considered as one of the significant factors of competition both in the modern highly competitive labor market and in the consumer market, both global and local. The article discusses the theoretical foundations of self-presentational communication in its historical retrospective, traditions, innovations and development trends in the conditions of new realities.Methodology and sources. The methodology of philosophical, sociological and interdisciplinary approaches is used. The article uses the following sources: specialized literature from domestic and foreign authors, scientific research, publications and websites that allow one to explore the specifics of digital self-presentation, its new formats and current practices.Results and discussion. Digital society is a society whose distinctive feature is the electronic-digital method of receiving, storing and distributing information, as well as the electronic-digital mediation of social relations and communicative interaction. One of the ways of such interaction is digital self-presentation, which combines the traditions of this content and innovations caused by the development of new technologies.Conclusion. Self-presentational communication, like the entire communicative component of modern society, including the «human-AI» interface, is carried out in three spatial dimensions: real/offline/Physics, virtual/online/Digital, as well as in their interaction offline online/Phygital. In each dimension, self-presentational communication has its own specifics and could can be considered both as a separate phenomenon and in the process of continuity and development.
Communication in the Mirror of Social Semiotics
Authors: Kazarinova N. V. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The subject of this article is communicative resources, which are selected by partners from a huge variety of linguistic means, functional styles, rhetorical techniques, and subject activities, and through which a common semantic space between individuals is generated.Methodology and sources. As a methodological platform we propose the principles of praxis-oriented social semiotics. Being one of the relatively late trends of semiotic research, social semiotics focuses attention not so much on signs or sign systems as on social signifying practices as regular, repetitive, recognisable types of actions: the actions of communication participants are endowed with the properties of sign systems through which relations between individuals are discovered, made visible and meaningful. The mechanisms of meaning production, from the point of view of the participants of the event, are analysed using the concept of ‘discursive practices’, understood as speech actions in order to solve a variety of practical interpersonal tasks.Results and discussion. As an individual learns a variety of interpersonal discursive practices, different relational systems become available to him/her. Specific discursive practices allow individuals to present different versions of their self, justify their actions, maintain dominance and/or subordination relations, thus demonstrating mastery of the communicative situation. Following the principles of praxis-oriented social semiotics, it can be argued that interpersonal relationships involve what can be called a discourse of trust, personal involvement in relationships, intimacy/closeness.Conclusion. The described symbolic regulators allow not only to semiotically comprehend the social positions of interacting parties, but also to offer self-control procedures and an arsenal of communicative actions to the participants of interpersonal communication as means of behaviour management in situations of interpersonal communication.
The Anthropological Factor of the New Generation of War Technologies
Authors: Kovalev A. A. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The article studies the humanitarian technologies of hybrid wars (wars of the new generation). Physical violence in the conditions of their activation is replaced by nonphysical violence using coercion, inducement and manipulation. Therefore, understanding not only the phenomenon of hybrid wars itself, but also the humanitarian technologies actively used in them, is of particular relevance. The purpose of the study is to reveal humanitarian technologies as the leading force of the new generation of wars.Methodology and sources. Systematization, categorization, interpretation of concepts and system analysis were used as the main methods in the study. The work is based on the research of I.Y. Alekseeva, V.G. Kokoulin, B.V. Markov and some other authors whose works devoted to the humanitarian technologies of the new generation of war.Results and discussion. Hybrid warfare technologies are of a mixed nature, however, in recent years, the attraction of actors of global confrontation to the humanitarian technologies of modern warfare has become obvious. At the first stage of the research, the phenomenon of hybrid warfare was considered, its definition was given, its essence and potential were revealed. Hybrid warfare is an implemented strategy of controlled chaos. At the second stage, there were considered various hybrid warfare technologies, the most promising of which are humanitarian technologies. The definition of such technologies was given, their subjects and objects were disclosed, as well as their purpose. The third stage of the study is devoted to the consideration of specific examples of humanitarian technologies, including the creation of deepfakes, the spread of disinformation and a number of others.Conclusion. In the last few years, the humanitarian technologies of a new generation of war have found their niche in the face of confrontation between historical opponents, while the political goals of such confrontation have remained the same. However, the object of influence has changed, it has become a person.