bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seatbelt use and seat preference among pregnant women in Sapporo, Japan, in 2013
Authors: Morikawa Mamoru , Yamada Takashi , Kato‐Hirayama Emi , Nishikawa Akira , Watari Michiko , Maeda Nobuhiko , Kogo Hiromasa , Minakami Hisanori 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAimThis study was performed to determine the rate of pregnant occupants in motor vehicle accidents (MVA) and the frequency of seatbelt use in pregnancy in Japan.MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted at seven centers located in Sapporo, targeting all 3952 women in gestational weeks 35–37 during the study period between June 2013 and January 2014. Information was collected on parity, driver's license, seatbelt use, seat preference, carrying Mother and Child Health Handbook when going out, and experience of occupant MVA during current pregnancy. Women who reported always using a seatbelt were classified as always seatbelt users (ASU).ResultsA total of 2420 women who were given questionnaires provided responses (response rate, 61%). Seventy women (2.9%) reported having experienced an occupant MVA during the current pregnancy. MVA rate was significantly lower for ASU than non‐ASU (2.6% [55/2097] vs 4.6% [15/323], respectively, P < 0.0001), and for ASU women preferring the rear seat than for other women (1.3% [6/451] vs 3.3% [64/1969], respectively, P = 0.0282). MVA rate tended to be lower for women preferring the rear seat than the front seat (1.7% [10/575] vs 3.3% [60/1845], respectively, P = 0.0637). The number of ASU, 94% (2286/2420) before pregnancy, decreased significantly to 87% (2097/2420) after the current pregnancy (P < 0.0001).ConclusionThe careful attitude of pregnant women toward driving safety may be associated with reduced risk of MVA in pregnancy. There is a need for an intensified campaign to promote seatbelt use among pregnant women.
Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen during pregnancy: Diagnostic challenges and clinical management
Authors: Corrado Giacomo , Tabanelli Valentina , Biffi Roberto , Petralia Giuseppe , Tinelli Andrea , Peccatori Fedro A 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe report the first case of sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT) of the spleen diagnosed during pregnancy, discussing differential diagnosis, immunohistochemical profile and treatment. A G2P1 37‐year‐old woman presented during the 19th week of gestation because of pruritus at lower limbs. To exclude cholestasis, an abdominal ultrasound and whole body magnetic resonance were performed and a single solid lesion with intrinsic vascularization was identified. Therefore, at 22 weeks gestation, after normal fetal assessment, the patient was referred for a splenectomy. No further treatment was suggested and the patient gave birth at 42 weeks gestation with a spontaneous delivery. Distinguishing SANT from other vascular neoplasms of the spleen during pregnancy is a difficult task. Surgical excision should be performed to exclude malignancy and to resolve symptoms, if present.
Ultrasound‐guided aspiration of hydrosalpinx occurring during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation could improve clinical outcome of in vitro fertilization–embryo transfer
Authors: Zhou Yun , Jiang Hong , Zhang Wen‐xiang , Ni Feng , Wang Xue‐mei , Song Xiao‐min 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAimTo investigate whether aspiration of hydrosalpinx during oocyte retrieval could improve the clinical outcome of in vitro fertilization–embryo transfer (IVF‐ET).MethodsThe clinical data of 598 IVF‐ET cycles with tubal factor infertility at Reproductive Medical Center, 105 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Anhui, China, between March 2011 and July 2015 were analyzed in this retrospective study. Among them, 71 cycles with unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinx confirmed on both hysterosalpingography (HSG) and ultrasonography before controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) were assigned to group A. A total of 51 cycles with unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinx occurring during COH and confirmed on ultrasonography were assigned to group B. In both group A and group B, ultrasound‐guided hydrosalpinx aspiration was performed in all patients when oocyte retrieval was finished. A further 35 cycles with unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinx during COH received no intervention and were assigned to group C. A total of 441 cycles without hydrosalpinx on HSG or on ultrasonography before or during COH served as the control (group D). The IVF‐ET outcomes of the four groups were analyzed and compared.ResultsThe embryo implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate in group A and group C were significantly lower than those in group B and group D. The ongoing pregnancy rate in group A was significantly lower than that in group B and group D, and the ongoing pregnancy rate in group C was significantly lower than that in group D.ConclusionAspiration of hydrosalpinx occurring during COH could significantly improve the clinical outcomes of IVF‐ET, but not for the hydrosalpinx occurring before COH.
Timing of elective cesarean delivery at term and its impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes among Thai and other Southeast Asian pregnant women
Authors: Phaloprakarn Chadakarn , Tangjitgamol Siriwan , Manusirivithaya Sumonmal 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAimThe impact of timing of elective cesarean delivery (CD) at term on maternal and neonatal outcomes among Thai and other Southeast Asian pregnancies was investigated. The rate of spontaneous labor before the scheduled CD, as well as maternal characteristics predicting spontaneous labor, was also evaluated.MethodsData on maternal and neonatal outcomes of 1221 singleton pregnancies scheduled for either an elective repeat CD or an elective primary CD at 37–40 weeks of gestation were studied. The association between maternal characteristics and the risk of spontaneous labor was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsThere were no significant differences in severe maternal complications between performing an elective CD at 39 weeks and at the other gestational ages. Severe neonatal complications were significantly decreased when a CD was performed electively from 38 weeks onwards. A total of 503 women (41.2 %) went into spontaneous labor before the scheduled CD. Using 39 weeks as the reference group, scheduling a CD at 37 or 38 weeks decreased the risk of spontaneous labor (6.67‐fold and 4.55‐fold, respectively) while scheduling a CD at 40 weeks had a 2.54‐fold increased risk. A history of previous CD and teenage pregnancy were also predictors of spontaneous labor; adjusted odds ratios were 14.27 and 3.93, respectively.ConclusionThe timing of elective CD at term had impacts on pregnancy outcomes among Thai and other Southeast Asian women. Gestational age at scheduled CD, a previous CD and teenage pregnancy were predictors of spontaneous labor.
White Matter Diffusion Abnormalities in Carotid Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Baradaran Hediyeh , Mtui Edward E. , Richardson Joshua E. , Delgado Diana , Dunning Allison , Marshall Randolph S. , Sanelli Pina C. , Gupta Ajay 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND & PURPOSEAbnormalities in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD) values can be used to assess microstructural damage to white matter tracts and could represent a quantitative marker of chronic ischemia and thereby potentially serve as a stroke risk factor or a measure of existing subclinical ischemic disease burden. We performed a systematic review and 3 separate meta‐analyses to evaluate the association between unilateral carotid steno‐occlusion and ipsilateral ADC, FA, or MD abnormality.MATERIALS & METHODSA comprehensive literature search evaluating the association of carotid disease and quantitative white matter diffusion imaging was performed. The included studies examined patients for ADC, FA, and MD values ipsilateral and contralateral to the site of carotid artery disease. Three meta‐analyses using standardized mean differences with assessment of study heterogeneity were performed.RESULTSOf the 2,920 manuscripts screened, 6 met eligibility for meta‐analysis. Of the included manuscripts, 2 studied ADC values, 6 studied FA values, and 2 studied MD values. Our 3 meta‐analyses showed standardized mean difference for ADC, FA, and MD values between cerebral hemispheres ipsilateral and contralateral to carotid artery disease site as 1.13 (95% CI: .79‐1.47, P < .001), −.42 (95% CI: −.62 to −.21, P < .001), and .23 (95% CI: −.32 to −.77, P = .41), respectively. Measures of heterogeneity showed mild heterogeneity in the 3 meta‐analyses.CONCLUSIONCarotid artery disease is associated with significant ADC and FA value changes, suggesting that carotid disease is associated with quantifiable white matter microstructural damage.
Thermal Analysis of Dental Implants in Mandibular Premolar Region: 3D FEM Study
Authors: Rabbani Arshad Somayye , Zoljanahi Oskui Iman , Hashemi Ata 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPurposeThe distribution of temperature in a dental implant following hot food and beverage consumption is essential for evaluating the hazard this process may have on bone health. The purpose of this study was to predict the temperature distribution in the dental implant with/without a crown and the bone crest in contact with it using the finite element method.Materials and MethodsA 3D model of the implant and the mandible was prepared by using computer‐aided design software. Implants were investigated in three cases: without crown (BHI), with ceramic crown (MHIc), and with zirconia crown (MHIz). Subsequently, temperature distribution was numerically determined along the implant system for two heat loadings.ResultsIn loading type I, the maximum temperature of the surrounding bone at the cervical implant/bone interface was obtained in the BHI model (39.1°C), and the lowest was obtained in the MHIc model (37.6°C). The maximum temperature rise in loading type II also took place in the BHI model (41.7°C). Moreover, the BHI model showed a rapid rise to the maximum temperature followed by a fast recovery compared to its two counterparts (MHIc, MHIz). In both loading types, the maximum temperature at the first point of contact between the implant and bone, and apical implant/bone interface was slightly higher in the MHIz than that in the MHIc. The maximum temperature in all the models was higher when subjected to cyclic loading. The maximum temperatures reached in all the models were lower than threshold temperatures, so thermal loading alone does not harm the jawbone. Moreover, the BHI was more vulnerable than the MHIc and the MHIz.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that dental implants should be covered with crowns as soon as possible, and patients with dental implants should avoid consumption of hot food and beverages without allowing time for the heat to dissipate.
Effect of maternal canthaxanthin and 25‐hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation on the performance of ducklings under two different vitamin regimens
Authors: Ren Z. Z. , Jiang S. Z. , Zeng Q. F. , Ding X. M. , Bai S. P. , Wang J. P. , Luo Y. H. , Su Z. W. , Xuan Y. , Zhang K. Y. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThis study investigated the effects of maternal canthaxanthin (CX, 6 mg/kg) and 25‐hydroxycholecalciferol (25‐OH‐D3, 0.069 mg/kg) supplementation on the performance of Cherry Valley ducklings under two different vitamin regimens. A total of 780 duck breeder females and 156 males were randomly allotted to two diets with or without the addition of the mixture of CX and 25‐OH‐D3 (CX+25‐OH‐D3) for 32 weeks. Ducklings (males and females separately) hatched from eggs laid at 24 weeks of the duck breeder trial were fed with a NRC vitamin regimen, and ducklings (males and females separately) hatched from eggs laid at 32 weeks of the duck breeder trial were fed with a HIGH vitamin regimen (had higher levels of all vitamins except biotin than NRC vitamin regimen), for 14 days. The results showed that, maternal CX+25‐OH‐D3 supplementation increased the shank pigmentation for 7‐days post hatch in ducklings under a NRC vitamin regimen, and for 14‐days post hatch in ducklings under a HIGH vitamin regimen. Growth performance, antioxidant status and serum phosphorus of ducklings under a NRC vitamin regimen were increased by maternal CX+25‐OH‐D3 supplementation; however, these positive effects were not observed in ducklings under a HIGH vitamin regimen. Males revealed increased growth performance in ducklings under both NRC and HIGH vitamin regimens. Sexual differences in shank pigmentation, antioxidant status, tibia strength and serum phosphorus were not consistent as they were dependent on maternal CX+25‐OH‐D3 status or dietary vitamin regimens. Data suggest that maternal CX+25‐OH‐D3 supplementation is important for starter ducklings under a NRC vitamin regimen, but not HIGH vitamin regimen.
Evidence that oxidative stress is higher in replacement gilts than in multiparous sows
Authors: Roy C. , Lavoie M. , Richard G. , Archambault A. , Lapointe J. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThe recent success obtained in term of increasing the litter size of sows has not correlated with a reduction of replacement rate. There is thus an increased economic demand for gilts with optimal reproductive potential and longevity. Unfortunately, replacement gilts are known to be more susceptible to diseases and less productive than multiparous sows. Interestingly, reproductive performance, resistance to diseases and longevity could all be largely affected by oxidative stress. To investigate whether oxidative stress conditions could account for the poor longevity of gilts, three distinct groups of conventional Yorkshire × Landrace sows were formed based on their similar age and parity (gilts, second parity sows as well as fourth to fifth parity sows). All animals were slaughtered during the post‐ovulatory period, and blood as well as tissue samples were collected. Biomarkers of oxidative damage to proteins (carbonyls) and DNA (8‐OHdG) were analysed in samples. Specific mRNA expression of major antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidases 1, 3 and 4 (GPx1, GPx3, GPx4) as well as superoxide dismutases 1 and 2 (Sod1, Sod2) were monitored in liver and kidney samples by quantitative RT‐PCR. Specific enzymatic activities of both GPx and SOD were measured by spectrophotometric assays. The plasma concentration of protein carbonyls was significantly different between the three groups with the highest concentration being observed in gilts (p ≤ 0.001). The mRNA expression levels of GPx1 and GPx4 were also significantly increased in the liver of gilts when compared to multiparous sows (p ≤ 0.05). SOD2 enzymatic activity was found to be higher in the liver of gilts than multiparous sows (p ≤ 0.05). Taken together, these results indicate that replacement gilts sustain significantly higher oxidative conditions than multiparous sows. Current findings may contribute to the design of nutritional regimens that will increase the productivity of gilts by counteracting oxidative stress.
Acute phase response in lactating dairy cows during hyperinsulinemic hypoglycaemic and hyperinsulinemic euglycaemic clamps and after intramammaryLPSchallenge
Authors: De Matteis L. , Bertoni G. , Lombardelli R. , Wellnitz O. , Van Dorland H. A. , Vernay M. C. M. B. , Bruckmaier R. M. , Trevisi E. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThe link between energy availability, turnover of energy substrates and the onset of inflammation in dairy cows is complex and poorly investigated. To clarify this, plasma inflammatory variables were measured in mid‐lactating dairy cows allocated to three groups: hyperinsulinemic hypoglycaemic clamp, induced by insulin infusion (HypoG,n = 5); hyperinsulinemic euglycaemic clamp, induced by insulin and glucose infusion (EuG;n = 6); control, receiving a saline solution infusion (NaCl;n = 6). At 48 h after the start of i.v. infusions, two udder quarters per cow were challenged with 200 μg ofE. colilipopolysaccharide (LPS). Individual blood samples were taken beforeclamps, before LPSchallenge (i.e. 48 h after clamps) and 6.5 h after. At 48 h, positive acute phase proteins (posAPP) did not differ among groups, whereas albumin and cholesterol (index of lipoproteins), negativeAPP(negAPP), were lower (p < 0.05) in EuG compared to NaCl and HypoG. The concentration ofIL‐6 was greater in EuG (p < 0.05) but only vs. HypoG. At 6.5 h followingLPSchallenge,IL‐6 increased in the NaCl and EuG clamps (p < 0.05), whileTNF‐αincreased (p < 0.05) in the EuG only. Among the posAPP, haptoglobin markedly increased in EuG (p < 0.05), but not in NaCl (p = 0.76) and in HypoG; ceruloplasmin tended to decline duringLPSchallenge, the reduction was significant when all animals were considered (p < 0.05). Conversely, all the negAPPshowed a marked reduction 6.5 h afterLPSchallenge in the three groups. In conclusion, EuG caused an inflammatory status after 48‐h infusion (i.e. decrease of negAPP) and induced a quicker acute phase response (e.g. marked rise ofTNF‐α,IL‐6) after the intramammaryLPSchallenge. These data suggest that the simultaneous high availability of glucose and insulin at the tissue‐level makes dairy cows more susceptible to inflammatory events. In contrast, HypoG seems to attenuate the inflammatory response.
Haematological and febrile response to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide in 12‐week‐old cockerels of genetically diverse layer lines fed diets with increasing L‐arginine levels
Authors: Lieboldt M.‐A. , Frahm J. , Halle I. , Schrader L. , Weigend S. , Preisinger R. , Breves G. , Dänicke S. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryDue to its decisive function in the avian metabolic, endocrine and immune system L‐arginine (Arg) is dietary indispensable for chickens. In 12‐week‐old cockerels of two high‐ and two low‐performing purebred layer lines, the effects of increasing dietary Arg on the haematological and febrile response were studied over 48 h after single lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. The offered diets contained Arg equivalent to 70%, 100% and 200% of recommended supply. Pathophysiological alterations in weight gain, feed intake, body temperature and differential blood count were examined in comparison with their physiological initial values. Within the first 24 h after LPS injection, cockerels reduced feed intake and lost body weight subsequently. Thereby, low‐performing genotypes lost body weight to a lesser extent than high‐performing ones. The loss of body weight was further intensified by deficient dietary Arg. Within the following 24 h, cockerels recovered by improving feed intake and weight gain. Furthermore, LPS induced genotype‐specific fever response: both brown genotypes showed initial hypothermia followed by longer lasting moderate hyperthermia, whereas the white genotypes exhibited biphasic hyperthermia. Fever response was accompanied by significant changes in differential blood counts. Characterized by lymphopenia and heterophilia, a severe leucopenia was observed from 4 to 8 h after LPS injection and replaced by a marked leucocytosis with longer lasting monocytosis up to 48 h after LPS injection. Under given pathophysiological conditions, deficiently Arg‐supplied cockerels showed higher total leucocyte counts than adequately and excessively Arg‐supplied cockerels. However, deficient and surplus dietary Arg tended to cause higher ratios between heterophils and lymphocytes. To conclude, present results confirmed that LPS induced numerous immunological changes in 12‐week‐old cockerels and emphasized that chicken's genotype is a source of variation to be considered for immunological studies. Deficient dietary Arg intensified acute changes in differential blood counts and weight gain during LPS‐induced inflammation.
In vitro gas production of foliage from three browse tree species treated with different dose levels of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes
Authors: López D. , Vázquez‐Armijo J. F. , López‐Villalobos N. , Lee‐Rangel H. A. , Salem A. Z. M. , Borquez‐Gastelum J. L. , Domínguez‐Vara I. A. , Rojo‐Rubio R. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different dose levels of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) on in vitro ruminal fermentation kinetics and energy utilization of foliages from three browse trees (Pithecellobium dulce, Heliocarpus velutinus and Guazuma ulmifolia). Mixture of EFE product was added to the leaves of the three browse tree species at three dose levels: 0 (control), 3.5 and 7.0 mg/g of DM. Chemical composition of the foliages, including plant secondary metabolites such as total phenolics (TP), saponins (SAP) and aqueous fraction (AF), was determined. In addition, in vitro assaying of ruminal gas production kinetics was determined for the three browse three foliages treated with EFE. P. dulce had the highest crude protein content (p < 0.05), whereas G. ulmifolia had the highest content of neutral detergent fibre and SAP (p < 0.05) and H. velutinus had the lowest content of TP (p < 0.05). The interaction between tree species and dose level of EFE was significant (p < 0.05) for gas production (GP) at 24 h of incubation, parameters b and c of the accumulated GP curve, short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA) and metabolizable energy (ME). The lowest (p < 0.01) extent of accumulated GP as well as the b and c values occurred in G. ulmifolia at 0 mg EFE/g DM. P. dulce had the highest (p < 0.05) values for ME and SCFA at the highest dose of EFE. Tree species and dose level had significant (p < 0.05) effects on all parameters describing in vitro ruminal fermentation kinetics and energy utilization. Addition of EFE improved the fermentation kinetics of the browse species considered in this study.
Insoluble fibres, satiety and food intake in cats fed kibble diets
Authors: Loureiro B. A. , Sakomura N. K. , Vasconcellos R. S. , Sembenelli G. , Gomes M. O. S. , Monti M. , Malheiros E. B. , Kawauchi I. M. , Carciofi A. C. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryFibre is generally considered to dilute food energy, alter intestinal transit time and promote satiety; however, in cats, conflicting results have been found. In this study, two insoluble fibres were evaluated in four feline diets: control (no added fibre); diet with 10% sugar cane fibre; diet with 20% sugar cane fibre; and diet with 10% cellulose. The experiment was conducted with 32 cats, eight animals per diet, over 42 days: 1–7 for diet adaptation; 8–14 for total collection of faeces for digestibility; 15–17 for fresh faeces collection for fermentation products measurements; 18–20 for gastrointestinal transit time determination; 21 and 37 to evaluate the pattern of food intake; and 22 and 42 to assess satiety. Means were compared by analysis of variance and orthogonal contrasts, and the pattern of food intake was compared by repeated‐measures analysis of variance (p < 0.05). The cats exhibited increased food intake after fibre addition to the diets (p < 0.05), achieving similar energy consumption. Cellulose and the two levels of sugar cane fibre reduced nutrient availability and energy digestibility, but only sugar cane fibre reduced fat digestibility (p < 0.05). Faecal output and the number of defecations per day increased with fibre inclusion (p < 0.05). Gastrointestinal transit time did not change with sugar cane fibre inclusion, but it was reduced with cellulose addition (p = 0.032). The pattern of food intake did not change, but cats fed fibre‐supplemented diets exhibited greater consumption of a challenge meal, increasing energy intake (p < 0.01) when exposed to a palatable, energy‐dense food.