bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Letramentos em língua portuguesa e inglesa na educação superior brasileira: marcos e perspectivas
Authors: Cristovão Vera Lucia Lopes , Vieira Isabela Rodrigues 
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n3p209Este artigo propõe-se a contribuir com o projeto Iniciativas de Leitura e Escrita no Ensino Superior (ILEES) na América Latina para a consolidação de redes. O objetivo era o de identificar e descrever as iniciativas de ensino e pesquisa em leitura e escrita no Ensino Superior no Brasil. A partir dessa primeira etapa, foi possível identificar os principais núcleos de iniciativas à leitura e escrita. Neste artigo, propomos um trabalho voltado para a segunda etapa dessa pesquisa com a identificação de centros de escrita bem como a análise descritiva de entrevistas com os pesquisadores citados recorrentemente como referências e/ou considerados responsáveis por nucleação de grupos e/ou projetos de letramento(s) em diferentes universidades estaduais e federais do país. Para nossas análises, recorremos ao procedimento de análise do conteúdo temático das entrevistas semiestruturadas por meio da identificação dos segmentos de organização temática (SOT) e como os entrevistados (E) tratam desse tema por meio de segmentos de tratamento temático (STT), proposto por Bronckart (2008) e Bulea (2010) .Os resultados mostram cinco centros voltados para leitura e escrita acadêmica no contexto nacional ao passo que as entrevistas ressaltam aportes teóricos voltados para o letramento e apontam a escassez de trabalho para iniciativas de leitura e escrita nas universidades brasileiras e, em relação à sustentabilidade, ampliação, fortalecimento e reconhecimento são necessidades urgentes, segundo nossas entrevistadas.
The deadly perception of the witness: focalization in Markus Zusak’s The Book Thief
Authors: Oliveira Débora Almeida de , Maggio Sandra Sirangelo 
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2017v70n1p135Para um melhor entendimento de uma narrativa é essencial que leitor saiba quem é aquele que percebe (o focalizador). Suas crenças e compreensão determinam quais personagens e circunstâncias devem ser ignoradas ou examinadas de perto através da utilização dos sentidos da visão, audição, tato, paladar ou olfato. Assim sendo, a questão da focalização é algo relevante a ser levado em consideração quando um trabalho literário é analisado. No presente artigo, a obra do autor australiano Markus Zusak, A Menina que Roubava Livros, é discutida sob a ótica da narratologia, especialmente através das vozes de Gérard Genette, Mieke Bal e Rimmon-Kenan. Assevera-se que a focalização em A Menina que Roubava Livros é uma das principais técnicas literárias que ajuda a construir a atmosfera e sentido do texto.
Spatial Politics in Tom Stoppard’s Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead
Authors: Kazemi Elham , Hanif Mohsen 
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2017v70n1p287Este artigo examina a noção de política espacial em Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead, de Tom Stoppard. Os dois cortesãos entram no mundo politicamente convulsivo de Hamlet, onde nenhuma estrutura de poder legítimo toma conta do estado. Sua racionalidade política regularizada deixa de ser aplicável ao mundo; a realidade viola o conhecimento empírico - direções geográficas e espirituais, e, geralmente, identidade - de Rosencrantz e Guildenstern. As funções previamente definidas de lugares, ou heterotopias (em termos de Foucault), estão em um estado de suspensão. Portanto, eles estão perdidos no meio dos conjuntos desconhecidos de relações espaciais; qualquer tipo de ato intencional escapa-lhes; morrem e desaparecem absurdamente em um lugar sem lugar.
Antes do Pós-humano: insetos sociais, mamíferos superiores e a (re)construção de fronteiras entre os humanos e os animais na modernidade
Authors: Ferreira Hugo 
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2017v70n2p15O presente artigo discute a (re)construção das fronteiras entre os humanos e os animais ao longo dos séculos XIX e XX. Nos séculos XVII e XVIII, o ser humano era visto como fundamentalmente distinto da natureza através da política, sociedade e trabalho, sendo frequentemente comparado então aos insetos sociais. Com a revolução darwiniana no século XIX e a classificação filogenética dos seres vivos, o ser humano foi “primatizado”, e assim a humanidade passaria a ser uma consequência da inteligência gerada pelo alto desenvolvimento do sistema nervoso. Atualmente, quando se quer questionar as fronteiras entre o humano e o animal, viram-se os holofotes para outros seres como chimpanzés e golfinhos. Assim, através de uma revisão bibliográfica, o ensaio busca explorar um aparente contraste histórico entre os seres a serem comparados aos humanos – dos insetos sociais aos chamados “mamíferos superiores” – bem como suas implicações políticas e bioéticas.
Guerreiro Ramos’s intellectual trajectory in the U.S. as seen through his writing
Authors: Bick Mario 
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8034.2016v18n1p231Muito negligenciados, na recente e extensa literatura sobre Guerreiro Ramos, são os artigos que ele publicou em inglês durante seu exílio nos Estados Unidos. Argumenta-se aqui que esses artigos demonstram sua impressionante habilidade de se adaptar a possibilidades intelectuais mutantes. Nesses artigos, ele trocou o foco erudito sobre o Brasil e a América Latina por um engajamento total com a literatura americana de sociologia e, especialmente, com a de Administração Pública, ao mesmo tempo em que mantinha seu papel como um crítico criativo. Esses artigos, muitos dos quais tinham sido antecipados em seus escritos brasileiros, foram incorporados em seu livro, The New Science of Organizations (A Nova Ciência das Organizações). Com a anistia de 1978, ele retornou ao Brasil e às questões brasileiras, por isso voltou a publicar em português. Seu impacto nos Estados Unidos e fora da University of Southern California parece limitado enquanto seu redescobrimento no Brasil tornou-se dramático. Sugerem-se as possíveis razões disso.
O significado da produção de hierarquias sociais em sociedades heterônomas e racializadas
Authors: Campos Andrelino , Calvosa Hebert Guimarães 
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2177-5230.2017v32n63p49Os debates que envolvem noções, conceitos e teorias sobre classe social, raça, etnicidade, preconceito, discriminação, desigualdades sociais, entre tantos outros, quase sempre provocam dificuldades, dúvidas para quase todos os pesquisadores que necessitam desses conhecimentos para buscar compreensão de seu objeto de pesquisa. Essas complicações são ainda maiores quando se buscam enquadrá-las na dimensão socioespacial, sobretudo nos estudos vinculados à segregação sócio-espacial com conteúdos étnico-raciais. Quase todas essas dimensões, de uma maneira ou de outra, estarão ligadas à hierarquização social.O objeto deste trabalho será encontrar outras possibilidades de contestar a racialização e/ou a etnização como elementos de dupla hierarquização dos sujeitos negros, visto que as classes sociais já a criam a partir do mundo do trabalho, com rebatimento na produção de estigma, discriminação, preconceito e segregação socioespacial dos pretos(as) e pardos(as). Dividiremos este artigo em duas partes: (a) tratará da questão da racialização da sociedade brasileira tendo como base a bipolarização entre ser branco e preto; como possibilidade de assunção de ser negro; primeira porta para a politização efetiva da diferença; (b) A segunda parte tratará das bases politizadas da etnização da sociedade, onde o ser negro ganha um pertencimento que o coloca no contexto de ser sujeito da ação.
Nitrogen transformations along a shallow subterranean estuary
Authors: Couturier Mathilde , Tommi-Morin Gwendoline , Sirois Maude , Rao Alexandra , Nozais Christian , Chaillou Gwénaëlle 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The transformations of chemical constituents in subterranean estuaries (STEs) control the delivery of nutrient loads from coastal aquifers to the ocean. It is important to determine the processes and sources that alter nutrient concentrations at a local scale in order to estimate accurate regional and global nutrient fluxes via submarine groundwater discharge (SGD), particularly in boreal environments, where data are still very scarce. Here, the biogeochemical transformations of nitrogen (N) species were examined within the STE of a boreal microtidal sandy beach located in the Magdalen Islands (Quebec, Canada). This study revealed the vertical and horizontal distribution of nitrate (NO3−), nitrite (NO2−), ammonia (NH4+), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) measured in beach groundwater during four spring seasons (June 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2015) when aquifer recharge was maximal after snowmelt. Inland groundwater supplied high concentrations of NOx and DON to the STE, whereas inputs from seawater infiltration were very limited. Non-conservative behaviour was observed along the groundwater flow path, leading to low NOx and high NH4+ concentrations in the discharge zone. The long transit time of groundwater within the beach (∼ 166 days), coupled with oxygen-depleted conditions and high carbon concentrations, created a favourable environment for N transformations such as heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification and ammonium production. Biogeochemical pathways led to a shift in nitrogen species along the flow path from NOx-rich to NOx-poor groundwater. An estimate of SGD fluxes of N was determined to account for biogeochemical transformations within the STE based on a N-species inventory and Darcy's flow. Fresh inland groundwater delivered 37 mol NOx yr−1 per metre of shoreline and 63 mol DON m−1 yr−1 to the STE, and NH4+ input was negligible. Near the discharge zone, the potential export of N species was estimated around 140, 1.5 and 33 mol yr−1 per metre of shoreline for NH4+, NOx and DON respectively. In contrast to the fresh inland groundwater, the N load of beach groundwater near the discharge zone was dominated by NH4+ and DON. Our study shows the importance of tidal sands in the biogeochemical transformation of the terrestrial N pool. This local export of bioavailable N probably supports benthic production and higher trophic levels leading to its rapid transformation in surface sediments and coastal waters.
The evolution of process-based hydrologic models: historical challenges and the collective quest for physical realism
Authors: Clark Martyn P. , Bierkens Marc F. P. , Samaniego Luis , Woods Ross A. , Uijlenhoet Remko , Bennett Katrina E. , Pauwels Valentijn R. N. , Cai Xitian , Wood Andrew W. , Peters-Lidard Christa D. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The diversity in hydrologic models has historically led to great controversy on the correct approach to process-based hydrologic modeling, with debates centered on the adequacy of process parameterizations, data limitations and uncertainty, and computational constraints on model analysis. In this paper, we revisit key modeling challenges on requirements to (1) define suitable model equations, (2) define adequate model parameters, and (3) cope with limitations in computing power. We outline the historical modeling challenges, provide examples of modeling advances that address these challenges, and define outstanding research needs. We illustrate how modeling advances have been made by groups using models of different type and complexity, and we argue for the need to more effectively use our diversity of modeling approaches in order to advance our collective quest for physically realistic hydrologic models.
Diferencias entre Expectativas y Logros en la Formación Inicial del Profesorado de Secundaria
Authors: Serrano Rodríguez Rocío , Pontes Pedrajas Alfonso 
Published: July 2017

Resumen: En este trabajo pretendemos contribuir a la mejora del proceso de formación inicial docente, analizando las diferencias entre la importancia formativa concedida a los objetivos y competencias profesionales de carácter general de los futuros y las futuras docentes del Máster de Formación del Profesorado de Enseñanza Secundaria (FPES). Concretamente se han recogido las opiniones de 353 estudiantes del Máster FPES de la Universidad de Córdoba, mediante un cuestionario escala Likert diseñado para valorar el nivel de desarrollo adquirido y la importancia atribuida a las competencias generales del Máster, en los primeros años de su puesta en marcha. En los resultados obtenidos, encontramos que los y las participantes de este estudio presentan unas expectativas elevadas respecto a la importancia formativa de tales objetivos, pero valoran de forma más baja su nivel de desarrollo en la mayoría de los casos. Consideramos que estos datos contribuyen a mejorar la profesionalidad docente, analizando las fortalezas y debilidades del citado máster y la fundamentación de propuestas que ayuden a mejorar la formación inicial del profesorado en el futuro.
Telework and health effects review
Authors: Tavares Aida Isabel 
Published: July 2017

Telework is an increasingly popular flexible working arrangement. The aim of this article is to describe the features that characterize telework. The advantages and disadvantages of teleworking are outlined, as well as its effects on the health of the worker. The method used was a literature review. The outputs of this search show that in general, empirical evidence favours a positive association between telework and worker health. However, there are also negative impacts on health such as stress and depression. The overall conclusion is that telework is likely to yield more good than bad for individual health.
A prospective audit on the effect of training and educational workshops on the incidence of urethral catheterization injuries
Authors: Bhatt Nikita R. , Davis Niall F. , Quinlan Mark R. , Flynn Robert J. , McDermott T.E.D. , Manecksha Rustom P. , Thornhill John A. 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: The incidence of iatrogenic urethral catheterization (UC) injuries is approximately 0.3%. Resultant complications are associated with patient morbidity and unnecessary healthcare costs. Our aim was to investigate whether educational training workshops decreased the incidence of UC-related injuries.Methods: A prospective audit was performed to calculate incidence, morbidity, and costs associated with iatrogenic UC injury from January to July 2015. Educational workshops were then conducted with healthcare staff and training modules for junior doctors. UC-related incidence, morbidity, and costs in the subsequent six-month period were recorded prospectively and compared with the previous data.Results: The incidence of iatrogenic UC injuries was reduced from 4.3/1000 catheters inserted to 3.8/1000 catheters after the intervention (p=0.59). Morbidity from UC increased in the second half in the form of increase in cumulative additional inpatient hospital stay (22 to 79 days; p=0.25), incidence of urosepsis (n=2 to n=4), and need for operative intervention (n=1 to n=2). The cost of managing UC injuries almost doubled in the period after the training intervention (€50 449 to €90 100).Conclusions: Current forms of educational and training interventions for UC did not significantly change morbidity or cost of iatrogenic UC injuries despite a decrease in incidence. Improved and intensive training protocols are necessary for UC to prevent avoidable iatrogenic complications, as well as a safer urethral catheter design.
Pengembangan Profesional Keperawatan Berhubungan dengan Kemampuan Perawat dalam Mengatasi Nyeri Pasien
Authors: Herawati Tri Mulia , Hariyati Rr Tutik Sri , Afifah Efy 
Published: July 2017

Pengembangan Profesional Berkelanjutan (PPB) merupakan komponen sistem jenjang karir dimana perencanaan dan implementasi perencanaan karir dapat memengaruhi proses kehidupan perawat. Jenjang karir di beberapa RS telah dilaksanakan namun kadangkala belum selaras dengan pelaksanaan rekrutmen, rotasi, pengembangan professional berkelanjutan dan promosi yang menjadi komponen tidak terpisah dari jenjang karir. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pengaruh PPB dengan implementasi manajemen nyeri di rumah sakit. Disain penelitian menggunakan deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data dikumpulkan melalui data primer sebanyak 121 perawat pelaksana serta data sekunder dokumen rekam medis pasien berisi catatan keperawatan terkait manajemen nyeri yang terdiri dari pengkajian, intervensi dan re-evaluasi. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah simple random sampling. Analisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa variabel implementasi sistem jenjang karir yang paling berpengaruh terhadap implementasi manajemen nyeri oleh perawat klinik adalah pengembangan profesional berkelanjutan (PPB) (p= 0,027) . Peneliti merekomendasikan perlunya perencanaan terstruktur melalui analisis kebutuhan training bagi masing-masing perawat Kata kunci: sistem jenjang karir, perawat, pengembangan profesional berkelanjutan, manajemen nyeri Abstract The effect of continuous professional development to the implementation of pain managment by nurses in hospital. Continuing Professional Development (CPD) is a component of a career ladder system which its planning and implementation can affect in a nurse's life process. In some hospitals, the nursing career ladder system were not associated with recruitment, rotation, continuous professional development and promotion process. This study aimed to identify the effect of CPD to the implementation of pain management in a hospital. The design research was descriptive correlative with cross sectional approach. Data were collected through primary data as much as 121 nurses and also secondary data from patient medical records related to pain management nursing documentation included assessment, intervention, and re-evaluation. The sampling technique was simple random sampling. Data were analyzed by multiple linear regression. The result showed that the variables of the career ladder system implementation that most affected on the pain management implementation by clinical nurses is continuing professional development (CPD)(p= 0.027). It is recommended to make structured planning through training needs analysis for each nurse.
Amphibian population genetics in agricultural landscapes: does viniculture drive the population structuring of the European common frog (Rana temporaria)?
Authors: Lenhardt Patrick P. , Brühl Carsten A. , Leeb Christoph , Theissinger Kathrin 
Published: July 2017

Amphibian populations have been declining globally over the past decades. The intensification of agriculture, habitat loss, fragmentation of populations and toxic substances in the environment are considered as driving factors for this decline. Today, about 50% of the area of Germany is used for agriculture and is inhabited by a diverse variety of 20 amphibian species. Of these, 19 are exhibiting declining populations. Due to the protection status of native amphibian species, it is important to evaluate the effect of land use and associated stressors (such as road mortality and pesticide toxicity) on the genetic population structure of amphibians in agricultural landscapes. We investigated the effects of viniculture on the genetic differentiation of European common frog (Rana temporaria) populations in Southern Palatinate (Germany). We analyzed microsatellite data of ten loci from ten breeding pond populations located within viniculture landscape and in the adjacent forest block and compared these results with a previously developed landscape permeability model. We tested for significant correlation of genetic population differentiation and landscape elements, including land use as well as roads and their associated traffic intensity, to explain the genetic structure in the study area. Genetic differentiation among forest populations was significantly lower (median pairwiseFST = 0.0041 at 5.39 km to 0.0159 at 9.40 km distance) than between viniculture populations (median pairwiseFST = 0.0215 at 2.34 km to 0.0987 at 2.39 km distance). Our analyses rejected isolation by distance based on roads and associated traffic intensity as the sole explanation of the genetic differentiation and suggest that the viniculture landscape has to be considered as a limiting barrier forR. temporariamigration, partially confirming the isolation of breeding ponds predicted by the landscape permeability model. Therefore, arable land may act as a sink habitat, inhibiting genetic exchange and causing genetic differentiation of pond populations in agricultural areas. In viniculture, pesticides could be a driving factor for the observed genetic impoverishment, since pesticides are more frequently applied than any other management measure and can be highly toxic for terrestrial life stages of amphibians.
Relation between Interfacial Band‐Bending and Electronic Properties in Organic Semiconductor Pentacene
Authors: Zhang Panlong , Zhao Shuai , Wang Haibo , Zhang Jidong , Shi Jianwu , Wang Hua , Yan Donghang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThere is still a challenge in organic electronics to effectively tailor interfacial electronic structures for achieving desired electronic properties for optoelectronic devices. This study realizes the tuning of interfacial electronic structures in organic semiconductor pentacene by employing substrates with different work functions. Pentacene layers show downward band‐bending with a low work function, flat band with a middle work function, and upward band‐bending with a high work function. The formation of band‐bending is explained by the electrostatic potential according to the Fermi level position. Different interfacial electronic structures can influence the carrier transport across the interface. Their diodes show different rectifying behaviors due to band‐bending, and ohmic transport is observed for the flat band structure. This work is a promising exploration to realize desired functions of semiconductor devices by tailoring interfacial electronic structures.
Commercial Prospects of Existing Cathode Materials for Sodium Ion Storage
Authors: Li Wei‐Jie , Han Chao , Wang Wanlin , Gebert Florian , Chou Shu‐Lei , Liu Hua‐Kun , Zhang Xinhe , Dou Shi‐Xue 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSodium ion batteries (SIBs) have recently attracted considerable attention and are considered as an alternative to lithium ion batteries (LIBs), owing to the cheap price and abundance of sodium resources. However, the commercialization of SIBs has so far been impeded by the low energy density and unstable cycle life of electrodes, especially as cathodes. Although some cathode candidates with a stable cycle life and high energy density have been developed using nanotechnologies, the commercial feasibility is seldom taken into account. This research news article provides an insight into the commercial prospects of existing cathode materials for SIBs in terms of environmental friendliness, manufacturing cost, synthesis methods and electrochemical performance.