bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative MRI Evaluation of Articular Cartilage Using T2 Mapping Following Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement
Authors: Mayer Stephanie W. , Wagner Naomi , Fields Kara G. , Wentzel Catherine , Burge Alissa , Potter Hollis G. , Lyman Stephen , Kelly Bryan T. 
Published: July 2016

Objectives: Cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) causes a shearing and delamination injury to the acetabular articular cartilage due to a mismatch between the size of the femoral head and the acetabulum. This mechanism is thought to lead to early osteoarthritis in this population. Cam decompression has been advocated to eliminate impingement, with the ultimate goal of halting the progression of articular cartilage delamination. Although outcomes following this procedure in the young adult population have been favorable at short and medium term follow up, it is not known whether the articular cartilage itself is protected from further injury by changing the biomechanics of the joint with decompression of the cam morphology. The purpose of this study is to compare the pre- and post-operative integrity of the acetabular articular cartilage using T2 mapping to determine if hip arthroscopy is protective of the articular cartilage at short- to medium term follow up. Methods: Males between 18 and 35 years of age who had pre-operative T2 mapping MRIs, underwent hip arthroscopy for cam or mixed-type FAI with an alpha angle greater than 50°, and had at least 2 year follow-up were identified. Post-operative MRIs were performed and T2 relaxation times in the transition zone and weight bearing articular cartilage in the anterosuperior acetabulum at deep and superficial chondral layers were recorded at nine points on three sagittal sequences on pre and post-operative MRIs. A paired t-test was used to compare T2 relaxation values between pre-operative and post-operative scans. Results: Eleven hips were evaluated. Mean age was 26.3 years (range 21 - 35). Mean follow up time to post-operative T2 mapping MRI was 2.6 years (range 2.4 - 2.7). The change in T2 relaxation time was not significantly different between pre- and post-operative MRI scans for any of the nine regions in the deep zone of the acetabular cartilage (p=0.065 - 0.969) or the superficial zone of the acetabular cartilage (p= 0.133 - 0.966). Conclusion: There was no significant progression of acetabular cartilage degeneration as measured by structural collagen organization and integrity on T2 mapping from pre-operative imaging to the time of two year follow up. Based on this data, it appears that hip arthroscopy for decompression of cam- type FAI slows or halts the process of cartilage degeneration caused by the mechanical wear known to occur in cam-type FAI which is associated with progression to osteoarthritis.
Repair of the Ankle Syndesmosis
Authors: Backus Jonathan D. , Clanton Thomas O. , Whitlow Scott R. , Williams Brady T. , Liechti Daniel , Dornan Grant J. , Saroki Adriana , Turnbull Travis Lee , LaPrade Robert F. 
Published: July 2016

Objectives: Significant debate exists regarding the optimal repair techniques for unstable syndesmosis injuries. Techniques range from one to multiple screw fixation, suture-button fixation devices, or a combination of the two. The purpose of the current investigation was to biomechanically compare three common syndesmotic repair techniques using a simulated weight-bearing protocol with internal and external rotation of the foot. Methods: Twenty-four, lower leg specimens with mean age 54.25 years (range, 38 to 68 years) were utilized for testing. Following the creation of a complete syndesmotic injury (AITFL, ITFL, PITFL, interosseous membrane) specimens were repaired using one of three randomly assigned repair techniques: (1) one 3.5 mm syndesmotic screw, (2) one suture-button construct, and (3) two divergent suture-button constructs. For testing, specimens were oriented in neutral plantar/dorsiflexion and neutral internal/external rotation with the respect to the vertical tibia. Repairs were then cycled for 500 cycles between 7.5 Nm of internal/external rotation torque under a constant 750 N axial compressive load. At 0, 10, 100, and 500 cycles, torsional cyclic loading was interrupted to assess torsional stiffness and resistance to rotation within a physiologic range of motion. While axially loaded to 750 N, the foot was externally rotated to 15° and then rotated to 10° of internal rotation. Torsional cyclic loading was then resumed. Torque (Nm) and rotational position (degrees) were recorded continuously throughout testing. Three-dimensional data was also collected throughout testing to characterize the relative spatial relationships of the tibiofibular articulation. Results: Biomechanically, there were no significant differences between techniques when repairs were compared to the intact syndesmosis. Three-dimensional analysis revealed significant differences between all repair techniques for sagittal fibular translation with external rotation of the foot. Screw fixation had the smallest magnitude in sagittal translation (-2.5 mm), and a single suture-button construct demonstrated the largest magnitude of sagittal translation (-4.6 mm). Screw fixation also allowed for significantly lower sagittal translation with internal rotation of the foot (0.1 mm) when compared to both one (2.7 mm) and two (2.9 mm) suture-button repair constructs. Conclusion: All repairs provided a significant resistance to internal and external rotation, and only demonstrated mild reductions in strength and torsional stiffness throughout torsional cyclic testing.
Clinical Outcomes Following Arthroscopic Micro Fracture of the Hip
Authors: Begly John P. , Ryan Michael K. , Capogna Brian , Youm Thomas 
Published: July 2016

Objectives: Objective and clinical results of microfracture for treatment of chondral defects of the knee is well documented, yet outcomes for microfracture of the hip have not been extensively studied. Recently, several studies demonstrated clinical improvements in patients treated with microfracture of the hip. The purpose of this study is to examine clinical outcomes and survivorship in patients who underwent microfracture during arthroscopic hip surgery. Methods: A retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database was performed. Thirty-eight patients with a mean age of 41 (range, 17-64) who underwent microfracture during arthroscopic hip surgery by a single surgeon (senior author) were identified. Demographic data, diagnosis, and details regarding operative procedures were collected. All patients were indicated for hip arthroscopy based on standard pre-operative examination as well as routine and advanced imaging. Baseline pre-operative modified Harris Hip Scores (mHHS) and Non-Arthritic Hip Scores (NAHS) were compared to mHHS and NAHS at two-year follow-up. Additionally, survivorship data was assessed to determine failure, defined as any subsequent revision arthroscopic surgery and/or hip arthroplasty of the same hip. Results: Thirty-four of the 38 (89.5%) patients were available for two-year clinical follow-up. Baseline mean mHHHS and NAHS for all patients improved from 50.6 (+/- 12.7) and 46.9 (+/-12.8) to 84.7 (+/- 12.5) and 85.6 (+/- 11.2) respectively. Both improvements were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Eight patients (23.5%) met failure criteria and underwent additional surgery at an average of 23.9 months. Two patients (5.8%) underwent revision arthroscopic surgery, and six patients (17.7%) underwent hip arthroplasty. Conclusion: Significant improvements in clinical outcomes are seen at two-year follow-up after microfracture treatment of chondral lesions of the hip. Despite overall success, failure rates are relatively high. As with microfracture of the knee, results favor short-term clinical improvements, but results may decline at two years. Larger studies are needed to fully assess the efficacy of microfracture in arthroscopic hip surgery.
Survivorship of Primary Hip Arthroscopy in New York State - A Population-Based Study
Authors: Nawabi Danyal H. , Degen Ryan , Pan Ting , Ranawat Anil S. , Kelly Bryan T. , Lyman Stephen 
Published: July 2016

Objectives: Hip arthroscopy utilization has significantly increased over the past decade, with annual rates increasing as much as 300-600% in that time period. While large sample data demonstrates significant improvement in clinical outcomes out to two years post-operatively, with low rates of associated post-operative complications, there is little information on the long-term survival of primary hip arthroscopy procedures. The purpose of this study is to report on the rates of revision hip arthroscopy and conversion to resurfacing or total hip arthroplasty (THA) following hip arthroscopy in the State of New York. We will also report on prognostic variables that may contribute to the need for repeat surgery. Methods: The Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) database, a census of all hospital admissions and ambulatory surgery in New York State, was used to identify cases of outpatient primary hip arthroscopy. Demographic information was collected for these patients. After case identification, unique identifiers were utilized to identify those patients that underwent revision hip arthroscopy or subsequent ipsilateral hip resurfacing or THA. The risks of each of these outcomes were modeled with use of age, sex, socio-economic status, hospital and surgeon volume as potential risk factors. Patients were also tracked for 30-day and 90-day complications requiring re-admission. Results: We identified 8,267 hip arthroscopy cases from 1998-2012 performed by 295 surgeons in 137 different surgical centers. Demographics revealed that 46.1% of patients were male, with 80.2% carrying private insurance. Annual hip arthroscopy rates increased 88-fold over the observation period, with a 750% increase over the last 10 years. Revision surgery (scope or arthroplasty) was required in 1,087 cases (13.1%) at a mean of 622 ± 603 days. More specifically, revision hip arthroscopy was required in 310 cases (3.8%) at a mean of 649 ± 586 days after the index procedure, while conversion to either resurfacing or THA was required in 796 (9.7%) cases at an average of 616 ± 616 days. The 30-day complication rate, excluding revision surgery, was 0.2%, while the 90-day complication rate was 0.3%. Thirty-day all-cause re-admission rate was 0.7%. Regression analysis revealed that age > 50 y.o. was associated with increased risk of re-operation (Hazard Ratio[HR] 2.30; CI 2.02-2.62), while males carried a slightly lower risk of re-operation (HR 0.88, CI 0.78 -1.0). Additionally, increased surgical volume, for both surgeon and center (≥75th percentile of annual cases), resulted in a lower risk of re-operation (HR 0.64; CI 0.53-0.77; HR 0.61; CI 0.51-0.73). Conclusion: Hip arthroscopy represents a viable treatment option for femoroacetabular impingement, with low rates of revision surgery and conversion to hip arthroplasty. Age less than 50 and higher surgeon and center surgical volume were associated with lower risk of re-operation.
Cabaud Award Winner
Authors: Hudgens Joshua L , Sugg Kristoffer B , Grekin Jeremy A , Gumucio Jonathan P , Bedi Asheesh , Mendias Christopher L 
Published: July 2016

Background: Tendon disorders are among the most common musculoskeletal conditions in active patients. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) has been used in the treatment of tendon disorders, but little is known as to the mechanisms by which PRP acts. PRP contains numerous different growth factors and cytokines which activate various cellular signaling cascades, but it has been difficult to determine precisely which signaling pathways and cellular responses are activated following PRP treatment. Additionally, macrophages are important in modulating tendon regeneration, but the influence of PRP on determining whether macrophages assume a proinflammatory or antiinflammatory phenotype remains unknown. Our objectives were to use genome wide expression profiling, bioinformatics and protein analysis to determine the cellular pathways activated in fibroblasts treated with PRP, and to also evaluate the effect of PRP on macrophage polarization. Methods: Tendon fibroblasts or macrophages from rats were cultured and treated with either platelet poor plasma (PPP) or PRP. RNA or protein was isolated from cells and analyzed using microarrays, qPCR, immunoblot or bioinformatics techniques. Results: Bioinformatics analysis determined that the two signaling pathways predicted to be activated by PRP were the TNFα and NFκB pathways. PRP also downregulated several ECM genes, and induced the expression of autophagy related genes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) genes, as well as markers of protein oxidation in tendon fibroblasts. PRP failed to have a major impact on markers of macrophage polarization. Conclusions: PRP induces an inflammatory response in tendon fibroblasts which leads to the formation of ROS and activation of oxidative stress pathways. PRP does not appear to significantly modulate macrophage polarization. Clinical Relevance: PRP might act by inducing a transient inflammatory event which could then trigger a tissue regeneration response.
A frequent phenotype for paediatric sleep apnoea: short lingual frenulum
Authors: Guilleminault Christian , Huseni Shehlanoor , Lo Lauren 
Published: July 2016

A short lingual frenulum has been associated with difficulties in sucking, swallowing and speech. The oral dysfunction induced by a short lingual frenulum can lead to oral-facial dysmorphosis, which decreases the size of upper airway support. Such progressive change increases the risk of upper airway collapsibility during sleep.Clinical investigation of the oral cavity was conducted as a part of a clinical evaluation of children suspected of having sleep disordered breathing (SDB) based on complaints, symptoms and signs. Systematic polysomnographic evaluation followed the clinical examination. A retrospective analysis of 150 successively seen children suspected of having SDB was performed, in addition to a comparison of the findings between children with and without short lingual frenula.Among the children, two groups of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) were found: 1) absence of adenotonsils enlargement and short frenula (n=63); and 2) normal frenula and enlarged adenotonsils (n=87). Children in the first group had significantly more abnormal oral anatomy findings, and a positive family of short frenulum and SDB was documented in at least one direct family member in 60 cases.A short lingual frenulum left untreated at birth is associated with OSAS at later age, and a systematic screening for the syndrome should be conducted when this anatomical abnormality is recognised.
Bmi1
+ cardiac progenitor cells contribute to myocardial repair following acute injury
Authors: Valiente-Alandi Iñigo , Albo-Castellanos Carmen , Herrero Diego , Sanchez Iria , Bernad Antonio 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Background
The inability of the adult mammalian heart to replace cells lost after severe cardiac injury compromises organ function. Although the heart is one of the least regenerative organs in the body, evidence accumulated in recent decades indicates a certain degree of renewal after injury. We have evaluated the role of cardiac Bmi1
+
progenitor cells (Bmi1-CPC) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods
Bmi1Cre/+;Rosa26YFP/+ (Bmi1-YFP) mice were used for lineage tracing strategy. After tamoxifen (TM) induction, yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) is expressed under the control of Rosa26 regulatory sequences in Bmi1
+
cells. YFP+ cells were tracked following myocardial infarction. Additionally, whole transcriptome analysis of isolated YFP+ cells was performed in unchallenged hearts and after myocardial infarction.

Results
Deep-sequencing analysis of Bmi1-CPC from unchallenged hearts suggests that this population expresses high levels of pluripotency markers. Conversely, transcriptome evaluation of Bmi1-CPC following AMI shows a rich representation of genes related to cell proliferation, movement, and cell cycle. Lineage-tracing studies after cardiac infarction show that the progeny of Bmi1-expressing cells contribute to de novo cardiomyocytes (CM) (13.8 ± 5 % new YFP+ CM compared to 4.7 ± 0.9 % in age-paired non-infarcted hearts). However, apical resection of TM-induced day 1 Bmi1-YFP pups indicated a very minor contribution of Bmi1-derived cells to de novo CM.

Conclusions
Cardiac Bmi1 progenitor cells respond to cardiac injury, contributing to the generation of de novo CM in the adult mouse heart.
Assessment of Fever Advisory Cards (FACs) as an Initiative to Improve Febrile Neutropenia Management in a Regional Cancer Center Emergency Department
Authors: Kapil Priyanka , MacMillan Meghan , Carvalho Maritza , Lymburner Patricia , Fung Ron , Almeida Bernadette , Van Dorn Laurie , Enright Katherine 
Published: August 2016

Purpose: We aimed to improve the time to antibiotics (TTA) for patients treated with chemotherapy who present to the emergency department (ED) with febrile neutropenia (FN) by using standardized fever advisory cards (FACs). Methods: Patients treated with chemotherapy who visited the ED at the Peel Regional Cancer Center in Ontario, Canada, with suspected FN were identified, before (April 2012 to March 2013) and after (October 2013 to March 2014) FAC implementation. The primary outcome of interest was TTA. Additional process measures included Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale score, time to physician assessment, and FAC compliance. Outcomes were analyzed with descriptive statistics and control charts to determine whether the change in primary measures were within statistical control over time. Results: Between the pre-FAC cohort (n = 239) and post-FAC cohort (n = 69), TTA did not change significantly post-FACs (195 v 244 min, P = .09), with monthly averages demonstrating normal variation by statistical process control methodology. The introduction of FACs increased the percentage of patients with correctly assigned Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale scores (87% v 100%) but did not affect time to physician assessment. Compliance with FACs among patients was not ideal, with only 62.5% using them as intended. Conclusion: The distribution of FACs was associated with an improved incidence of correct FN triaging but did not demonstrate a meaningful improvement in the quality of FN management. This may be explained by FAC use among patients not being ideal. Next steps in the continued effort toward high-quality FN care include redesign of FACs, reinforcement of provider and patient education, and ED outreach.
The Evaluation of michelin star restaurants<p>Michelin yıldızlı restoran işletmelerinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Bertan Serkan 
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine online reviews on michelin star restaurants in terms of which vary according to the user to be useful and to evaluate the factors affecting the overall assessment. For this aim, the online reviews about michelin star restaurants on the website TripAdvisor are examined. Among 32.225 online user reviews in total, 3.622 reviews are analyzed. Considering online reviews with regard to michelin star restaurants, it is concluded that reviews with more helpful than three and three are more negative towards the value, atmosphere, food, service and overall evaluation. When the relationship between overall evaluation and value, atmosphere, food, service is inspected, it is seen that value is the variable that describes the overall evaluation best and then food comes second, third is atmosphere. ÖzetBu çalışmada, michelin yıldızlı restoran yorumlarının, kullanıcılara faydalı olmalarına göre farklılık gösterip göstermediği araştırılmış ve genel değerlendirmeyi etkileyen faktörler incelenmiştir. Bu amaca yönelik olarak, TripAdvisor seyahat yorum sitesinde üç yıldızlı Michelin restoranlarına ait online yorumlar ele alınmıştır. Yorum sayısı 50’nin altında olan restoranların yorumları araştırmaya dâhil edilmemiş ve sadece İngilizce yazılan yorumlar ele alınmıştır. Bu kriterler dikkate alınarak 3 yıldızlı michelin restoran işletmesine ait 32.225 yorumdan sadece 3.622 tüketici yorumu incelenmiştir. İncelenen yorumlara göre; üç ve üçten daha fazla faydalı olan yorumları yazanlar michelin yıldızlı restoranların değerini, atmosferini, hizmetini, yemeklerini ve genelinde daha olumsuz yaklaşmaktadır. Michelin yıldızlı restoranların genel değerlendirilmesini, en iyi açıklayan değişkenin değer olduğu, sonra yemeğin geldiği daha sonra atmosferin geldiği görülmektedir.
Regularizing effect for a system of Schrödinger–Maxwell equations
Authors: Boccardo Lucio , Orsina Luigi 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
We prove some existence results for the following Schrödinger–Maxwell system of elliptic equations:

{

-
÷

(
M

(
x
)

∇
u
)

+
A
φ
|
u

|

r
-
2

u
=
f
,

u
∈

W
0

1
,
2

⁢

(
Ω
)

,

-
÷

(
M

(
x
)

∇
φ
)

=
|
u

|
r

,

φ
∈

W
0

1
,
2

⁢

(
Ω
)

.

\left\{\begin{aligned} &\displaystyle{-}\div(M(x)\nabla u)+A\varphi|u|^{r-2}u=%
f,&&\displaystyle u\in W_{0}^{1,2}(\Omega),\\
&\displaystyle{-}\div(M(x)\nabla\varphi)=|u|^{r},&&\displaystyle\varphi\in W_{%
0}^{1,2}(\Omega).\end{aligned}\right.

In particular, we prove the existence of a finite energy solution

(
u
,
φ
)

{(u,\varphi)}

if

r
>

2
*

{r>2^{*}}

and f does not belong to the “dual space”

L

2
⁢
N

N
+
2

⁢

(
Ω
)

{L^{\frac{2N}{N+2}}(\Omega)}

.
Kinetics of the Bainite Transformation in Austempered Ductile Iron ADI
Authors: Ławrynowicz Z. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The aim of the present research is to check an analytical model of the kinetics of bainite transformation that will enable the producers of ADI to optimise the microstructure and mechanical properties and minimise the expensive and extensive experimental trials. A combination of thermodynamics and kinetic theory was used successfully to estimate the evolution of bainite as a function of temperature, time, chemical composition and austenite grain size and predict the processing window in austempered ductile iron using a bainite transformation model developed previously for high silicon steels. The results of the present research show that the bainitic model developed for high silicon steels is applicable for calculations of the processing window for ADI.
Cavitation Erosion of P110 Steel in Different Drilling Muds
Authors: Kmieć M. , Karpiński B. , Szkodo M. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The P110 steel specimens were subjected to ultrasonic cavitation erosion in different compositions of drilling muds and surfactant additive. The test procedure was based on ASTM-G-32 standard recommendations. API 5CT-P110 steel is used for pipes in oil and gas industry. The harsh environment and high velocity of flows poses corrosive and erosive threat on materials used there. The composition of drilling fluid influences its rheological properties and thus intensity of cavitation erosion. The erosion curves based on weight loss were measured.