bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cavafy and Iliad 24: A Modern Alexandrian Interprets Homer
Authors: Schein Seth L. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Constantine Cavafy’s ‘Priamou Nuktoporeia’ (‘Priam’s Night-Journey’), based on Priam’s journey to ransom Hektor’s corpse from Achilles’ in Iliad 24, was composed in 1893, when the poet was developing his distinctive poetic voice through an intertextuality that calls attention to the differences between his poem and its Homeric ‘source’. Cavafy omits nearly everyone and everything mentioned in Book 24, except for Priam himself and the dead Hektor. It focuses on the king, whose actions, thoughts, and wishes are the real subject of the second half of the poem. Cavafy endows the Priam with mental interiority and psychological depth, and the night, and the night-journeying with symbolic meaning that seems strikingly modern. The king brings his despair with him from Troy as an interior mental barrier, which renders his chariot’s swift movement futile. For all we know, he may never reach Achilles or ransom Hektor, nor, in the end, does this seem to matter.
An American Homer for the Twentieth Century
Authors: Schein Seth L. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In North American colleges and universities, the Iliad and Odyssey (in translation) are often required reading in so-called Great Books courses. The origins of these courses were ideological, first as ‘war aims’ courses during World War 1, then as courses aiming to acculturate students, mainly of southern and eastern European extraction, who were attending college in large numbers for the first time in the 1920s and 1930s. In these courses, the Homeric poems are frequently de-contextualized, de-historicized, and taught mainly in relation to other texts considered to possess ‘timeless’ literary and ethical qualities that make them expressions of Western, or specifically American, institutions and values. This ideology and pedagogy often encourage students to read complacently, on the assumption that the Homeric epics transparently affirm these sociocultural institutions and values. This insufficiently critical approach, however, risks losing contact with the ways in which the poems also call into question or challenge them.
The Waters at the End of the World
Authors: Murray Donald 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis chapter takes a comparative approach to the study of ancient conceptions of space by using an understanding of Mesopotamian cosmic geography, and its application in Achaemenid rhetoric, to read Herodotus’s account of Persian incursions westwards as physical enactments of an imperial ideology of world domination. It explores how the Babylonian Mappa Mundi, which uses abstract geometric shapes to represent topographic features, and an inscription from Persepolis, in which Darius refers to the waters at the end of the world as a ‘bitter river’ (nārmarratum), together express the ideology that the lands enclosed by the all-encircling Ocean are civilized, and that absolute world rule results from crossing that ‘bitter river’. Reading the Mappa Mundi alongside Herodotus allows us to regard the campaigns of Darius and Xerxes as not simply attempting to add new territories to the empire, but journeying forth into uncharted space, justifying their claims to absolute world rule.
Map, Catalogue, Drama, Narrative
Authors: Ceccarelli Paola 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis chapter looks at how perceptions of the Aegean space change as they are conveyed across different ‘genres’ (visual images, such as the map attributed to the Milesian philosopher Anaximander; catalogue texts, as represented by the Periegesis of Hecataeus; drama, and in particular Aeschylus’ Persians; and prose narrative, specifically Herodotus’ Histories) and across time (from the mid-sixth century to the end of the fifth century bc, a period marked by a significant recalibration in the balance of power in this area). What emerges is the strong influence of genre, as well as the contingent historical situation, on the perception (and presentation) of this disputed space.
Mapping Spatial and Temporal Distance in Herodotus and Thucydides
Authors: Rood Tim 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis chapter explores the intersection of space and time in both Greek and modern writers. The first section analyses the idea of parallels between the way of life found in distant areas and in the distant past. The second section discusses how Thucydides explicitly elaborates in his Archaeology a theory of human development according to which practices that were once common to all peoples now survive in certain parts of the Greek world as well as among non-Greeks, and how he sees the Peloponnesian War as marking the breakdown of the spatial and temporal divisions set up in the Archaeology. The final section shows how many aspects of this sort of (explicit and implicit) spatial-temporal patterning can be found in Herodotus’ work. It suggests some reasons why (unlike Thucydides) Herodotus does not unite these aspects in a concentrated vision of spatio-temporal developments.
From Herodotus to a ‘Hellenistic’ World? The Eastern Geographies of Aristotle and Theophrastus
Authors: Stevens Kathryn 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe conquests of Alexander the Great and his successors reconfigured the political geography of the Mediterranean and Near East. But what was the impact of these transformations upon intellectual geographies? This chapter traces changes in Greek knowledge and perceptions of the East in the early Hellenistic period, using as a case study Aristotle’s Historia Animalium and Theophrastus’ Historia Plantarum —works similar in scope but written at different stages of this transitional period. By comparing the geographical range of place names it is possible to map an increase in knowledge of eastern regions between Aristotle’s work and that of Theophrastus. There is also a conceptual shift, reflecting intensified contacts between the Mediterranean and Near East: eastern areas which in the Historia Animalium are vaguely localized and highly alien appear in the Historia Plantarum as increasingly well-defined territories, comparable to and connected with the rest of the oikoumenē.
Between East and West
Authors: Bouzarovski Stefan , Barker Elton 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis chapter explores the spatial relationships in Herodotus’ Histories with the aid of heuristic tools and theoretical frameworks developed in classics and geography. As such, the chapter aims to provide a novel perspective on the geographic realities and imaginations contained in the Histories, while opening the path for a unique interdisciplinary integration of conceptual approaches that have rarely entered into dialogue with each other. Using methodological devices originally developed in social network analysis, this chapter generates a range of visualizations to bring to the surface the deep structure of spatial relations that makes up Herodotus’ narrative. These are based on a four-level classification of the connections between places, nations, and territories described in the Histories.
Telling Stories with Maps
Authors: Barker Elton , Isaksen Leif , Ogden Jessica 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis chapter lays out the technologies and technical decisions that underpin Hestia’s digital analysis of Herodotus’ construction of space. The chapter discusses the new understandings of Herodotus’ spatial imaginary that digital technologies can help bring to light, and also outlines the process of data preparation, examines the different techniques of a digital-based enquiry, and considers the problems of and limitations to a technological approach. It ends with a brief discussion of developments that this initial work has led to, in order to indicate the possible future directions of geospatial analysis and the extent to which humanistic concerns can help shape technological development.
Space-travelling in Herodotus Book 5
Authors: Barker Elton , Pelling Christopher 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis chapter takes a more discursive approach to interpreting the spatial structure underpinning Herodotus’ Histories by tracing the destabilizing idea of movement in the story of those ‘Persians whom Darius had left in Europe’ at the beginning of Book 5. A more complex picture of East–West relations emerges than the usual polarized view: it is not that there is no division between Asia and Europe, but rather the divisions are frequently temporary or partial or are subject to constant revision or challenge. The way Herodotus gets to his representation of war, on a meandering path that leads us through a series of overlapping and increasingly complex networks to depict a world in flux, challenges the notion of an abstract, mappable topography. Instead, it is in the realm of discursive narrative that readers might be better able to grasp the multi-dimensions of the space around them.
A View from the Boundary
Authors: Pelling Christopher 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis epilogue draws together, examines, and reflects on the major themes and issues raised in the book. It considers both the benefits of and limitations to using digital techniques for analysing aspects of time and space in Herodotus and other texts; it assesses the relationship between different representations of space, notably the hodological versus the ‘bird’s-eye-view’; and it explores the potential for understanding the connections between physical and relational space via alternative visualizations and narrations. While the book as a whole demonstrates that technical methodologies may be increasingly useful in spatial mapping and textual analysis, especially within humanities disciplines, this chapter emphasizes one of its critical ideas: that a balance must be maintained between digital and traditional approaches if one is to pursue lines of inquiry that might be profitable beyond Herodotus for other ancient historical narratives.
A state-dependent model for inflation forecasting
Authors: Stella Andrea , Stock James H. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA parsimonious bivariate model of inflation and unemployment is developed that allows for persistent variation in trend inflation and in the non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment. The model, which consists of five unobserved components (including the trends) with stochastic volatility, implies a time-varying vector autoregression model for changes in the rates of inflation and unemployment. The implied backwards-looking Phillips curve has a time-varying slope that is steeper in the 1970s than in the 1990s. Pseudo out-of-sample forecasting experiments indicate improvements upon univariate benchmarks. Since 2008, the implied Phillips curve has become steeper and the non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment has increased.
Measuring the tracking error of exchange traded funds
Authors: De Rossi Giuliano 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe “true” net asset value of an exchange traded fund cannot be measured directly due to management fees, tax liabilities, asset illiquidity, asynchronous prices, and exchange rate fluctuations. This chapter shows that this errors-in-variables problem may cause a strong upward bias in the estimates of a fund’s tracking error, The issue has practical implications for investors who need to select an exchange traded fund based on its tracking error. A novel solution is proposed here, based on an unobserved components approach. By incorporating stochastic volatility in the model, persistence in the dynamics of tracking error is generated. The method is shown to be successful in dealing with the errors-in-variables problem and it detects significant time variation in the measure. A key implication of the results is that some exchange traded funds track the relevant index well over long investment horizons, while others do a better job over short holding periods.
Forecasting the Boat Race
Authors: Mesters Geert , Koopman Siem Jan 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis chapter looks at the forecasting of the yearly outcome of the Boat Race between Cambridge and Oxford. The relative performance of different dynamic models for forty years of forecasting is compared. Each model is defined by a binary density conditional on a latent signal that is specified as a dynamic stochastic process with fixed predictors. The out-of-sample predictive ability of the models is compared with each other by using a variety of loss functions and predictive ability tests. It is found that the model with its latent signal specified as an autoregressive process cannot be outperformed by the other specifications. This model is able to correctly forecast thirty-one out of forty outcomes of the Boat Race.
Tests for serial dependence in static, non-Gaussian factor models
Authors: Fiorentini Gabriele , Sentana Enrique 
Published: January 2016

AbstractHere, the simple algebraic expressions are derived for score tests of serial correlation in the levels and squares of common and idiosyncratic factors in static factor models with (semi) parametrically specified elliptical distributions even though one must generally compute the likelihood by simulation. The chapter also robustifies the Gaussian tests against non-normality. The orthogonality conditions resemble the orthogonality conditions of models with observed factors but the weighting matrices reflect their unobservability. The Monte Carlo exercises assess the finite sample reliability and power of the proposed tests, and compare them to other existing procedures. Finally, the methods are applied to monthly U.S. stock returns.
More is not always better: Kalman filtering in dynamic factor models
Authors: Poncela Pilar , Ruiz Esther 
Published: January 2016

AbstractFor dynamic factor models the relationship between the mean square error of the Kalman filter estimator of the underlying factors and the number of variables in the model is established. It is shown that, in situations of empirical interest, if the model parameters are known, the filter uncertainty only decreases marginally when the cross-sectional dimension is beyond a relatively small number. Furthermore, the consistency of the real time factor filtered estimates is proved, when the number of variables tend to infinity in a simple, potentially non-stationary, dynamic factor model with serially uncorrelated idiosyncratic noises with weak contemporaneous correlations. In practice, the model parameters are estimated, adding further uncertainty to the estimated factors. Using simulations, it is shown that, for the sample sizes usually encountered when dynamic factor models are fitted to macroeconomic variables, the parameter uncertainty can represent a considerable percentage of the total uncertainty involved in factor extraction.
The nuclear dust lane of Circinus: collimation without a torus
Authors: Mezcua M. , Prieto M. A. , Fernández-Ontiveros J. A. , Tristram K. R. W. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In some AGN, nuclear dust lanes connected to kpc-scale dust structures provide all the extinction required to obscure the nucleus, challenging the role of the dusty torus proposed by the Unified Model. In this letter, we show the pc-scale dust and ionized gas maps of Circinus constructed using sub-arcsec-accuracy registration of infrared VLT AO images with optical Hubble Space Telescope images. We find that the collimation of the ionized gas does not require a torus but is caused by the distribution of dust lanes of the host galaxy on ∼10 pc scales. This finding questions the presumed torus morphology and its role at parsec scales, as one of its main attributes is to collimate the nuclear radiation, and is in line with interferometric observations which show that most of the pc-scale dust is in the polar direction. We estimate that the nuclear dust lane in Circinus provides 1/3 of the extinction required to obscure the nucleus. This constitutes a conservative lower limit to the obscuration at the central parsecs, where the dust filaments might get optically thicker if they are the channels that transport material from ∼100 pc scales to the centre.
Amyloplast Membrane Protein SUBSTANDARD STARCH GRAIN6 Controls Starch Grain Size in Rice Endosperm
Authors: Matsushima Ryo , Maekawa Masahiko , Kusano Miyako , Tomita Katsura , Kondo Hideki , Nishimura Hideki , Crofts Naoko , Fujita Naoko , Sakamoto Wataru 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Starch is a biologically and commercially important polymer of glucose. Starch is organized into starch grains (SGs) inside amyloplasts. The SG size differs depending on the plant species and is one of the most important factors for industrial applications of starch. There is limited information on genetic factors regulating SG sizes. In this study, we report the rice (Oryza sativa) mutant substandard starch grain6 (ssg6), which develops enlarged SGs in endosperm. Enlarged SGs are observed starting at 3 d after flowering. During endosperm development, a number of smaller SGs appear and coexist with enlarged SGs in the same cells. The ssg6 mutation also affects SG morphologies in pollen. The SSG6 gene was identified by map-based cloning and microarray analysis. SSG6 encodes a protein homologous to aminotransferase. SSG6 differs from other rice homologs in that it has a transmembrane domain. SSG6-green fluorescent protein is localized in the amyloplast membrane surrounding SGs in rice endosperm, pollen, and pericarp. The results of this study suggest that SSG6 is a novel protein that controls SG size. SSG6 will be a useful molecular tool for future starch breeding and applications.
A new approach to measure sustainability in German facility management
Authors: Graubner Carl-Alexander , Pelzeter Andrea , Pohl Sebastian 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to present the development of an action and assessment framework to make sustainability in German facility management (FM) transparent, measurable and assessable.Design/methodology/approach– The underlying research project’s approach to develop the new action and assessment framework consisted of a three-step methodology: to define and substantiate sustainability in FM, to operationalise and quantify sustainability in FM and to validate the developed system draft through an initial pilot study.Findings– The main result of the presented research project is a set of 24 criteria, organised into the separate areas of environmental, economic and sociocultural quality, as well as the quality of FM organisation and the sustainability of building/contract-specific facility services. The assessment methodology reflects the strategic approach of a plan–do–check–act loop to create a transparent and objective appraisal and a practical action framework.Research limitations/implications– The outcome of the study is initially only a measurement and assessment framework. To transform the finalised system draft and assessment tool into a certification system, further steps of development are necessary.Practical implications– The newly developed action and assessment framework is able to cure the blind spot that the relevant players (building owners, users and service providers) suffer from while developing, purchasing and comparing concepts for sustainable FM. The results and practical experiences of its initial pilot study show that this new framework can make the building operation phase and its processes transparent, measurable and assessable.Social implications– The guideline is also able to establish a crucial basis for the development of corporate sustainability strategies and sustainability reporting. This is an important step in closing the existing gap in numerous corporate social responsibility reports.Originality/value– Due to its assessment methodology and the calibration of its criteria, this new action and assessment framework both diversifies and completes the range of existing sustainability certification systems.
Integrating the Supply Chain … 25 years on
Authors: Stevens Graham C. , Johnson Mark 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– Twenty-five years ago IJPDLM published “Integrating the Supply Chain” (Stevens, 1989). The purpose of that original work was to examine the state-of-the-art in supply chain management (SCM). There have been substantial changes to the landscape within which supply chains function and changes to supply chains themselves. Given these changes it is appropriate to re-visit what is the new state-of-the art and determine whether the 1989 conceptualization requires extending. The authors also attempt to assess whether the evolution of SCM is associated with improved financial performance. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors take a conceptual approach to suggest that SCM is undergoing a transition to devolved, collaborative supply chain clusters. In addition, the authors consider imperatives and models for supply chain change and development. In line with the 1989 work, many of the observations in this invited paper are based on the primary author’s experience. The authors use a selection of financial data from leading firms to assess whether benefits attributed to SCM and changes in supply chain operating models have affected financial performance.

Findings
– The authors formalize a model for the dynamics of SCM change. The authors also synthesize a number of models of SCM that extend the original, highly cited work. These include goal-oriented networks and devolved, collaborative supply chain clusters. The authors also find the associations between the evolution of SCM and measures of firm financial performance over time to be equivocal.

Practical implications
– This work proposes two additional operating models that firms can implement in order to improve the efficacy of their supply chains.

Originality/value
– The authors extend Stevens (1989) original work by synthesizing a number of additional models for SCI.
Success in the management of crowdfunding projects in the creative industries
Authors: Hobbs Jake , Grigore Georgiana , Molesworth Mike 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– Crowdfunding has become a significant way of funding independent film. However, undertaking a campaign can be time consuming and risky. The purpose of this paper is to understand the predictors likely to produce a film campaign that meets its funding goal.Design/methodology/approach– This study analyses 100 creative crowdfunding campaigns within the film and video category on crowdfunding website Kickstarter. Campaigns were analysed in relation to a number of variables, followed by a discriminant analysis to highlight the main predictors of crowdfunding success.Findings– This study finds key predictors of crowdfunding success and investigates differences between successful and failed crowdfunding campaigns. The attributes of these predictors lead us to question the long-term ability of crowdfunding to aid companies poorer in terms of time, financial and personnel resources, and therefore arguably in the greatest need of crowdfunding platforms.Practical implications– The findings provide insight to practitioners considering the crowdfunding approach and offers knowledge and recommendations so as to avoid what can be naïve and costly mistakes. The findings highlight that crowdfunding should not be considered lightly and can be a considerable investment of resources to be successful.Originality/value– The analysis of crowdfunding campaigns provides details on the significant predictors of crowdfunding success particularly relevant to creative campaigns. The findings provide a critique of previous claims about the benefit of crowdfunding for creative SMEs.