bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection systems for antibody responses against herpes&#160;B virus
Authors: Pöhlmann Stefan , Krüger Astrid , Hafezi Wali , Schneider Stefan , Gruber Jens , Winkler Michael , Kaul Artur 
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Herpes B virus (BV) infection is highly prevalent among adult Asian macaques and rarely causes severe disease in infected animals. In contrast, BV infection of humans can induce fatal encephalitis in the absence of treatment. Therefore, the development of diagnostic tests for specific and sensitive detection of antibodies against BV is an important task. The cross-reactivity of antibodies against BV with related simplex viruses of other primates may afford an opportunity to obtain sensitive detection systems without the need to work with the highly pathogenic BV. Moreover, it has been proposed that use of recombinant viral glycoproteins may allow for a detection of antibody responses against BV with high specificity. However, limited data are available for both approaches to BV diagnostic. Here, we report that simian agent 8 (SA8; infects African green monkeys)- and herpesvirus papio 2 (HVP-2; infects baboons)-infected cells allow for a more sensitive detection of antibody responses against BV in macaques than lysates of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV-1/2; infect humans)-infected cells and a commercial HSV ELISA (Enzygnost® Anti-HSV/IgG). In addition, we show that sera from BV-infected macaques frequently contain antibodies against the recombinant BV glycoprotein gD (BV gD) that has been previously proposed as a diagnostic target for discriminating BV- and HSV-induced antibodies. However, we found that antibodies of some HSV-infected human patients also reacted with BV gD. In contrast, only sera of HSV-1- and HSV-2-infected humans, but not sera from BV-infected macaques, reacted with HSV-1/2 gG. Collectively, these results suggest that both SA8 and HVP-2 allow for sensitive and comparable detection of BV-directed antibody responses in macaques and that the combination of BV gD and HSV-1/2 gG needs to be complemented by a least one additional viral glycoprotein for reliable discrimination between antibody responses against BV and HSV-1/2 in humans.
Normal Values for Microperimetry with the MAIA Microperimeter: Sensitivity and Fixation Analysis in Healthy Adults and Children
Authors: Molina-Martín Ainhoa , Piñero David P. , Pérez-Cambrodí Rafael J. 
Published: February 2017

Purpose To establish normative values of retinal sensitivity and parameters describing the fixation pattern using macular analyzer integrity assessment (MAIA) microperimetry (Centervue, Padova, Italy) in adults and children. Methods A sample of 237 eyes of 237 healthy subjects aged between 10 and 70 years (mean age 30.63 ± 16.23 years) was evaluated using the MAIA microperimeter. The following parameters provided by the MAIA device were evaluated: average threshold (AT), macular integrity, fixation indexes (P1% and P2%), bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA) for 95% and 63% of points, and horizontal (H) and vertical (V) axes of the ellipse of fixation. Differences between different age-related groups were evaluated. Correlation of microperimetric parameters with age was also assessed. Results Median retinal sensitivity of the overall sample was 32.90 dB (interquartile range 1.80 dB). Median P1 and P2 values were 98.00% (6.00) and 100.00% (1.00), respectively. Median BCEA for 95% and 63% of points were 2.40°2 (4.50) and 0.30°2 (0.50), respectively. Median H and V were 0.90° (0.80) and 0.90° (0.70), respectively. Age was significantly correlated with the following parameters in subjects from 21 to 70 years of age (p<0.01): AT (rho -0.47), P1 (rho -0.37), BCEA95 (rho 0.43), BCEA63 (rho 0.42), H (rho 0.43), and V (rho 0.40). Conclusions Retinal sensitivity in healthy eyes tends to decrease with age as well as the stability of the pattern of fixation. A normative database in terms of retinal sensitivity threshold and fixation performance can be established in this type of eyes.
The Evaluation of Central Corneal Thickness and Intraocular Pressure in Conjunction with Tear IGF-1 Levels in Patients with Acromegaly
Authors: Kan Emrah , Kan Elif K. , Okuyucu Ali 
Published: February 2017

Purpose To compare the central corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressure (IOP), and tear insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels between patients with acromegaly and a control group and to evaluate the possible effect of tear IGF-1 and duration of the disease on CCT and IOP. Methods We included 31 patients with acromegaly (study group) and 40 age- and sex-matched controls in the study. Patients with acromegaly were divided into 2 subgroups based on disease status (active/inactive). All participants underwent complete ophthalmologic evaluation including CCT and IOP values. Basal tear samples were collected from both groups and tear IGF-1 levels were measured. The CCT, IOP, and tear IGF-1 levels were compared between groups and subgroups and the association between tear IGF-I levels and ocular parameters (CCT, IOP) and disease duration were also evaluated. Results Central corneal thickness, IOP, and tear IGF-1 levels did not show a significant difference between study and control groups. We also did not find a significant difference in terms of CCT, IOP, or tear IGF-1 levels between subgroups of patients. Correlation analysis did not show an association between the duration of disease and tear IGF-1 levels with CCT or IOP. Conclusions There was no significant difference in tear IGF-1 levels between patients with acromegaly and controls. Additionally, there was no correlation between disease duration and tear IGF-1 levels with CCT or IOP levels. This lack of association may suggest that tear IGF-1 levels might not have an effect on CCT or IOP findings in patients with acromegaly.
Effect of Intravitreal Aflibercept on Central Retinal Arterial Blood Flow in Type 1 Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Sukgen Emine A. , Söker Gökhan , Koçluk Yusuf , Gülek Bozkurt 
Published: February 2017

Purpose To evaluate the blood flow changes of the central retinal artery measured with color Doppler imaging (CDI) in infants receiving intravitreal aflibercept (IVA) for treatment of type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods Patients with type 1 ROP were assessed prospectively by CDI following IVA. Color Doppler imaging was used to measure the peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity (EDV), pulsatility index (PI), and resistivity index (RI) of the central retinal artery (CRA) before IVA injection and 1 hour, 1 week, and 1 month after injection. Results A total of 29 eyes of 15 infants were included in this study. The mean gestational age at birth was 28.62 ± 2.48 weeks and the mean birthweight was 1,198.62 ± 348.99 g. All treated eyes showed complete regression of ROP and peripheral retinal vascularization continued. Measurements of EDV-CRA, RI-CRA, and PI-CRA showed significant changes after IVA treatment. Conclusions This study showed that IVA is an effective treatment for type 1 ROP. After IVA treatment, vascular resistance increases, ocular blood flow decreases, and changes in hemodynamic parameters of CRA may remain for a month. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents on ocular hemodynamics in infants with ROP.
Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant (Ozurdex®) for Exudative Retinal Detachment after Proton Beam Therapy for Choroidal Melanoma
Authors: Malclès Ariane , Nguyen Anh-Minh , Mathis Thibaud , Grange Jean-Daniel , Kodjikian Laurent 
Published: February 2017

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal 0.7-mg dexamethasone implant (DEX-I) (Ozurdex®) in the treatment of extensive exudative retinal detachment (RD) associated with uveal melanoma treated using proton beam therapy (PBT). Methods Data from 10 patients with exudative RD after PBT treated with intravitreal injection of 0.7-mg DEX-I were reviewed retrospectively. The main outcome measures were resolution of exudative RD, visual acuity, and safety profile. Results Mean age was 55.6 years (range 34-85). Mean time between PBT and DEX-I was 12.4 months (range 3-25). Mean follow-up was 9.9 months (range 4-15). Intravitreal Ozurdex® reduced exudative RD in 7 cases (70%) on average 3.1 months after injection with complete resolution of RD in 6 of these (60%). For half of the patients, their level of vision remained stable; the other half experienced a deterioration in visual acuity at the end of follow-up. No adverse effects were observed. Conclusions In this small case series, treatment with intravitreal DEX-I reduced exudative RD in the majority of cases and had an acceptable safety profile.
Inverted Femoral Head Graft versus Standard Core Decompression in Nontraumatic Hip Osteonecrosis at Minimum 3 Years Follow-up
Authors: Sallam Asser A. , Imam Mohamed A. , Salama Khaled S. , Mohamed Osman A. 
Published: February 2017

Purpose Numerous salvage surgeries were popularised to halt the progression of hip osteonecrosis (ON). We aimed to compare the clinico-radiological outcomes of inverted femoral head graft (IFHG) versus standard core decompression (SCD) in treatment of nontraumatic hip ON at pre-arthritic stage. Methods A case review was performed at a minimum 3 years follow-up of 61 patients (71 hips; mean age 32.96 (19-50) years; mean follow-up 7.86 (3-14) years; mean body mass index 28.58 (19-46); 32 males, 29 females) suffering nontraumatic hip ON at pre-arthritic stage. 38 hips underwent SCD and 33 IFHG. The outcome was assessed by changes in modified Harris Hip Score (MHHS), need for revision surgery and progression of modified Ficat-Arlet staging. Data were analysed including logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis. Results 13/34 (38.2%) hips in SCD group were revised at 4.61 ± 2.61 years, while 7/33 (21.2%) in IFHG group at 8.43 ± 4.32 years (p = 0.023). MHHS was significantly higher in IFHG group at 1 and 3 years as well as at last follow-up (p = 0.014, 0.001 and 0.023 respectively). Clinical and radiological significant differences were found in survivorship analysis between both groups, in favor of IFHG. A higher clinical failure was noted among obese patients. Conclusions An IFHG technique offers a better alternative regarding postoperative clinico-radiological outcomes in nontraumatic hip ON at the pre-arthritic stage. A cautious prognosis is recommended in obese patients.
Usefulness of Measuring Acetabular Anterior Coverage Using a Tomosynthesis Imaging System
Authors: Ohtsuru Tadahiko , Morita Yasuyuki , Horiuchi Yuhei , Murata Yasuaki , Shimamoto Shuji , Morita Yuji , Munakata Yutaro , Kato Yoshiharu 
Published: February 2017

Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the usefulness of measuring acetabular anterior coverage by tomosynthesis and false profile (FP) radiography. Methods 70 hips in 35 patients who were diagnosed with early stage osteoarthritis of the hip, and 60 hips from 30 healthy volunteers were analysed. Plain FP radiographs were taken, and vertical-centre-anterior margin (FP-VCA) angles were measured. Acetabular anterior coverage was measured in the natural standing position using a tomosynthesis imaging system in the sagittal plane. As with FP radiography, we measured vertical-centre-anterior margin (TS-VCA) angles. Results The median values of the FP-VCA angle, and TS-VCA angle were 43.8°, 54.4°, respectively. The TS-VCA angle was significantly larger than the FP-VCA angle. For FP radiographs, the intraobserver intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.68, and the interobserver ICC was 0.79. For tomosynthesis sagittal images, the intraobserver ICC was 0.85, and the interobserver ICC was 0.92. There was a strong positive correlation between the TS-VCA angle and the FP-VCA angle. When the FP-VCA angle was 25°, the TS-VCA angle was 35° in regression analysis. Conclusions Measuring acetabular anterior coverage using sagittal plane tomosynthesis correlates well with FP radiography. Regardless of the presence of acetabular deformities, tomosynthesis demonstrated high reproducibility, simple posture setting, low effective doses, and high versatility. A cut-off value of 35° was useful for the detection of developmental dysplasia of the hip joint using the TS-VCA angle.
Stable Migration Pattern of an Ultra-Short Anatomical Uncemented Hip Stem: A Prospective Study with 2 Years Radiostereometric Analysis Follow-Up
Authors: Mahmoud Ahmed Nageeb , Kesteris Uldis , Flivik Gunnar 
Published: February 2017

Introduction Shorter, anatomically shaped and proximally loading stems have been developed to achieve better stress distribution and be more bone preserving. The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the migration pattern of the Proxima™ ultra-short uncemented stem using radiostereometric analysis (RSA), and to review the literature regarding the migration of short stemmed hip arthroplasty. Methods 25 patients (28 hips) with hip osteoarthritis received a Proxima stem during total hip arthroplasty (THA). To measure stem migration, repeated RSA examinations were done during a 2 year follow up period. The patients were evaluated with the hip specific (HOOS) and the generic health (EQ5D) scores up to 1 year, and clinically for 6 years postoperatively. Results Almost all migration occurred within the first 3 months, with mean subsidence of 0.22 mm and varus rotation of 1.04°, being the primary effect variables. After the third postoperative month and up to the 2 year RSA follow up no further significant migration occurred. The outcome scores showed substantial improvement after 1 year. No revisions were performed or indicated for any stem after a mean clinical follow up of 72.1 months. Conclusions Like many other uncemented stems, the Proxima showed early migration up to 3 months hereafter osseointegration seems to have occurred. The achieved stability and clinical outcomes indicate favorable early results for this stem in younger patients who have good bone quality and average BMI. We found, however, the surgical technique to be slightly more demanding compared to conventional stems owing to the unique implant design that necessitates specific adjusted femoral cutting and broaching procedures.
Screws Are Not Needed when Secure Interference Fit of Uncemented Acetabular Components is Adequate: A 5- to 15-Year Follow-up with Clinical and Radiological Analysis
Authors: García-Rey Eduardo 
Published: February 2017

Purpose Even with good surgical preparation, adequate primary stability of the acetabular component is not always achieved after primary total hip replacement (THR). We hypothesise that adequate bone preparation for appropriate cortical loading would allow us to avoid screw use. Methods A total of 791 uncemented cups were analysed to compare the need for screws to obtain primary fixation in 5 different designs. Arthritic hips with inflammatory arthritis or severe congenital hip disease were excluded. A press-fit technique was first tried in all hips and screws were only used when strictly needed. Radiological acetabular shape and postoperative cup position were assessed in all hips. The mean follow-up was 9.6 ( 5 – 15 ) years. Results Screws were required in 155 hips (19.6%). We could not detect any difference in the percentage of screw use between designs. We found that female patients (odds ratio [OR] 2.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41-3.02) and cups with a greater distance to the hip rotation centre on the postoperative radiograph (OR 1.69; 95% CI, 1.17-2.45) had a higher risk for screw use. A greater anteversion of the cup had a lower risk for screw use (OR 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94-0.99). At latest follow-up no hips had needed revision for aseptic loosening. Conclusions Good intraoperative technique is not enough to avoid screw use since more accurate cup position and reconstruction of the hip rotation centre are required for an adequate interference fit. A press-fit technique can provide similar mid-term results to screw use in hips without severe deformities.
The Association between Gender and Familial Prevalence of Hip Dysplasia in Danish Patients
Authors: Jashi Rima El , Gustafson Maria B. , Jakobsen Mette B. , Lautrup Charlotte , Hertz Jens M. , Søballe Kjeld , Mechlenburg Inger 
Published: February 2017

Background The development of hip dysplasia is associated with several risk factors. 1 of these risk factors is gender, since 80% of patients with symptomatic hip dysplasia are females. Another risk factor for hip dysplasia is familial predisposition of hip dysplasia. Several studies indicate that the risk of hip dysplasia is increased with familial prevalence of hip dysplasia. However, little is known about the association between the familial prevalence and gender and the development of hip dysplasia. Purpose The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of hip dysplasia among relatives to Danish patients with hip dysplasia operated with periacetabular osteotomy (PAO), and the degree of relationship of affected family members. Furthermore, to assess the association between gender and family predisposition in the same group of patients. Method The study is a cross-sectional study, with a descriptive and an analytical part. The study population consists of 676 patients drawn from a clinical database of patients operated with PAO at Aarhus University hospital from 1998 to 2014. Information about gender, operated hip side and age was collected from the clinical PAO database, while information about familial prevalence was collected through questionnaires. The association between gender and familial prevalence of hip dysplasia was presented as the prevalence proportions ratio (PPR), tested by χ2 test. Stratification was conducted for the variables age and operated hip side, with the Mantel-Haenszels analytical method, and tested for statistical significance by χ2. Results The familial prevalence of hip dysplasia in the study population was 30% (95% CI, 27%-34%), with 73% reporting affected first-degree relatives. Females have 32% increased risk of familial prevalence of hip dysplasia compared to males, but this difference in risk was not statistically significant (p = 0.10). Conclusions The study shows that females have 32% increased familial prevalence of hip dysplasia compared to males, but the increased prevalence was not statistically significant probably due to the low power of the study.
Cementing a Polyethylene Cup into a Well Fixed Acetabular Metal-on-Metal Resurfacing Component? An Experimental Investigation
Authors: Klotz Matthias C.M. , Jäger Sebastian , Kretzer Jan-Philippe , Beckmann Nicholas A. , Thomsen Marc , Bitsch Rudi G. 
Published: February 2017

Introduction Adverse reactions to metal debris often indicate revision surgery in metal-on-metal (MoM) hip arthroplasty and an exchange of the MoM bearing into either a metal on polyethylene or a ceramic-on-polyethylene articulation. At the moment the removal of the entire implant system is the most reasonable method. In order to avoid bone loss caused by the removal of a well-fixed acetabular component, the purpose of this study was to measure the stability of a cemented polyethylene (PE) cup in an acetabular hip resurfacing component and to examine if such a method could be suitable for clinical use. Methods PE cups were cemented into 2 different hip resurfacing components and biomechanical tests were applied to measure failure torques under lever out and rotational load. Results In all cases failure of the interface between the resurfacing components and the cement layer occurred at a very low load (0.14 Nm-61.50 Nm). Discussion The early failure occurred due to lacking interdigitation of cement and the polished metal surface. Thus we warn against cementing a PE cup into acetabular hip resurfacing components for clinical use.
Comparative Survival Analysis of Porous Tantalum and Porous Titanium Acetabular Components in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Vutescu Emil S. , Hsiue Peter , Paprosky Wayne , Nandi Sumon 
Published: February 2017

Background Porous tantalum acetabular components (PoTa) are well-studied, but less is known about widely used porous titanium (PoTi) acetabular components. We performed a comparative survival analysis between PoTi and PoTa acetabular components. Methods Primary or revision THA performed using PoTi (n = 2,976) or PoTa (n = 184) acetabular components with minimum 2-year follow-up (PoTi n = 1,539; PoTa n = 157) were analysed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to test the effect of porous metal acetabular component type on revision surgery for aseptic cup loosening. Multivariate model was adjusted for acetabular defect severity according to the Paprosky Classification. Results Only PoTi components used in revision THA failed. Survival of the PoTi acetabular component was 98.6% when used in revision THA at mean 48.3-month follow-up. After adjusting for severity of acetabular defect, there was no difference in survival between PoTi and PoTa acetabular components when used in primary or revision THA. Conclusions After adjusting for acetabular defect severity, both PoTa and PoTi acetabular components had excellent survival at mean 44.4-month (range 4.3-91.5 months) follow-up when used in primary and revision THA.
Relationship between Femoral Offset and Dislocation in Preformed Antibiotic-Loaded Cement Spacers (Spacer-G®)
Authors: Molinas Ignacio , Garcia-Oltra Ester , Fernández-Valencia Jenaro A. , Tomas Xavier , Gallart Xavier , Riba Josep , Combalia Andreu , Bori Guillem 
Published: February 2017

Introduction A reduction in femoral offset may decrease muscle tension and lead to spacer dislocations even though proximal femur, musculature and acetabulum remain intact. In this study, we aimed to determine whether postoperative lateral femoral offset (LFO) and modified vertical femoral offset (MVFO) values affect the risk of dislocation of a hip spacer. Materials and methods We measured LFO and MVFO in properly centred, postoperative, anteroposterior radiographs of the pelvis in 66 patients (71 spacers). We then compared the operated and non-operated sides and recorded any dislocations. Results Although LFO decreased (p<0.001), the reduction was not associated with dislocation (p = 0.471). MVFO remained unchanged after spacer implantation (p = 0.277) and was not associated with dislocation (p = 0.418). Conclusions In conclusion, the preformed spacer decreased LFO but not MVFO compared with the contralateral hip. The variations did not significantly affect the dislocation rate.
The SPAIRE Technique Allows Sparing of the Piriformis and Obturator Internus in a Modified Posterior Approach to the Hip
Authors: Hanly Richard J. , Sokolowski Sabrina , Timperley Andrew John 
Published: February 2017

Introduction The Sparing Piriformis and Internus, Repair Externus (SPAIRE) technique allows a muscle sparing mini-posterior approach to the hip. Method We present in this article a description of an adaptation of the familiar posterior approach (PA) in which the only tendon released is obturator externus. Termed SPAIRE, this muscle sparing technique enables preservation of the piriformis tendon and conjoint insertion of obturator internus and the gemelli. The technical description allows for safe and reliable replication by any surgeon familiar with the posterior approach (PA) to the hip without reliance on additional equipment, and without compromising the ability to convert into a more extensile approach. Conclusions This technical description and brief discussion of rationale outlines the ongoing work of the authors in developing the SPAIRE technique as part of the spectrum of the posterior approach to the hip. The senior author now uses this technique routinely for total hip replacements and hemiarthroplasty. Patients are mobilised with no postoperative restrictions whatsoever. Other potential advantages include improved gait, more anatomical restoration of hip function, and enhanced stability. Projects have been initiated in our unit to objectively assess the possible clinical advantages relating to use of the SPAIRE technique using gait analysis, objective measurement of muscle power and studies of hip stability.