bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different regulation of stellar metallicities between star-forming and quiescent galaxies – insights into galaxy quenching
Authors: Baker William M , Maiolino Roberto , Bluck Asa F L , Belfiore Francesco , Curti Mirko , D’Eugenio Francesco , Piotrowska Joanna M , Tacchella Sandro , Trussler James A A 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
One of the most important questions in astrophysics is what causes galaxies to stop forming stars. Previous studies have shown a tight link between quiescence and black hole mass. Other studies have revealed that quiescence is also associated with ‘starvation’, the halting of gas inflows, which results in the remaining gas being used up by star formation and in rapid chemical enrichment. In this work, we find the missing link between these two findings. Using a large sample of galaxies, we uncover the intrinsic dependences of the stellar metallicity on galaxy properties. In the case of star-forming galaxies, stellar metallicity is primarily driven by stellar mass. However, for passive galaxies, the stellar metallicity is primarily driven by the stellar velocity dispersion. The latter is known to be tightly correlated with black hole mass. This result can be seen as connecting previous studies, where the integrated effect of black hole feedback (i.e. black hole mass, traced by the velocity dispersion) prevents gas inflows, starving the galaxy, which is seen by the rapid increase in the stellar metallicity, and leading to the galaxy becoming passive.
SPIRou monitoring of the protostar V347 Aur: binarity, magnetic fields, pulsed dynamo, and accretion
Authors: Donati J -F , Cristofari P I , Carmona A , Grankin K 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
We present in this paper an analysis of near-infrared observations of the 0.3-${\rm M}_{\odot }$ protostar V347 Aurigae (V347 Aur) collected with the SPIRou high-resolution spectropolarimeter and velocimeter at the 3.6-m Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope from 2019 October to 2023 April. From a set of 79 unpolarized and circularly polarized spectra of V347 Aur to which we applied Least-Squares Deconvolution (LSD), we derived radial velocities and longitudinal fields, along with their temporal variations over our monitoring campaign of 1258 d. Our data show that V347 Aur is an eccentric binary system with an orbital period of $154.6\pm 0.7$ d, experiencing strong-to-extreme accretion events near periastron. The companion is a $29.0\pm 1.6$${\rm M}_{{2\!\!_{\mathbf +}}}$ brown dwarf, a rare member of the brown dwarf desert of close companions around M dwarfs. We detect weak longitudinal fields ($\lt $100 G) at the surface of V347 Aur, significantly weaker than those of more evolved prototypical T Tauri stars. These fields show small-amplitude rotational modulation, indicating a mainly axisymmetric parent large-scale magnetic topology, and larger fluctuations at half the orbital period, suggesting that what we dub a ‘pulsed dynamo’ triggered by orbital motion and pulsed accretion operates in V347 Aur. Applying Zeeman–Doppler imaging to our circularly polarized LSD profiles, we find that the large-scale field of V347 Aur is mainly toroidal for most of our observations, with the toroidal component switching sign near periastron and apoastron. The weak large-scale dipole ($\simeq 30$ G) is not able to disrupt the disc beyond 1.3 $R_{\star }$ even at the lowest accretion rates, implying longitudinally distributed (rather than localized) accretion at the surface of the protostar.
HD 21520 b: a warm sub-Neptune transiting a bright G dwarf
Authors: Nies Molly , Mireles Ismael , Bouchy François , Dragomir Diana , Nicholson Belinda A , Eisner Nora L , Sousa Sergio G , Collins Karen A , Howell Steve B , Ziegler Carl , Hellier Coel , Addison Brett , Ballard Sarah , Bowler Brendan P , Briceño César , Clark Catherine A , Conti Dennis M , Dumusque Xavier , Edwards Billy , Gnilka Crystal L , Hobson Melissa , Horner Jonathan , Kane Stephen R , Kielkopf John , Lavie Baptiste , Law Nicholas , Lendl Monika , Littlefield Colin , Liu Huigen , Mann Andrew W , Mengel Matthew W , Oddo Dominic , Okumura Jack , Palle Enric , Plavchan Peter , Psaridi Angelica , Santos Nuno C , Schwarz Richard P , Shporer Avi , Wittenmyer Robert A , Wright Duncan J , Zhang Hui , Watanabe David , Medina Jennifer V , Villaseñor Joel , Ting Eric B , Christiansen Jessie L , Winn Joshua N , Stassun Keivan G , Seager S , Latham David W , Ricker George R 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery and validation of HD 21520 b, a transiting planet found with Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and orbiting a bright G dwarf (V = 9.2, $T_{\rm eff} = 5871 \pm 62$ K, $R_{\star } = 1.04\pm 0.02\, {\rm R}_{\odot }$). HD 21520 b was originally alerted as a system (TOI-4320) consisting of two planet candidates with periods of 703.6 and 46.4 d. However, our analysis supports instead a single-planet system with an orbital period of $25.1292\pm 0.0001$ d and radius of $2.70 \pm 0.09\, {\rm R}_{{\oplus }}$. Three full transits in sectors 4, 30, and 31 match this period and have transit depths and durations in agreement with each other, as does a partial transit in sector 3. We also observe transits using CHEOPS and LCOGT. SOAR and Gemini high-resolution imaging do not indicate the presence of any nearby companions, and Minerva-Australis and CORALIE radial velocities rule out an on-target spectroscopic binary. Additionally, we use ESPRESSO radial velocities to obtain a tentative mass measurement of $7.9^{+3.2}_{-3.0}\, {\rm M}_{{\oplus }}$, with a 3$\sigma$ upper limit of 17.7 ${\rm M}_{{\oplus }}$. Due to the bright nature of its host and likely significant gas envelope of the planet, HD 21520b is a promising candidate for further mass measurements and for atmospheric characterization.
The circular velocity and halo mass functions of galaxies in the nearby Universe
Authors: Ristea Andrei , Cortese Luca , Groves Brent , Fraser-McKelvie A , Obreschkow Danail , Glazebrook Karl 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The circular velocity function (CVF) of galaxies is a fundamental test of the Lambda cold dark matter ($\Lambda$CDM) paradigm as it traces the variation of galaxy number densities with circular velocity ($v_{\rm {circ}}$), a proxy for dynamical mass. Previous observational studies of the CVF have either been based on H i-rich galaxies, or encompassed low-number statistics and probed narrow ranges in $v_{\rm {circ}}$. We present a benchmark computation of the CVF between $100\,{\text{and}}\,350\ \rm {km\ s^{-1}}$ using a sample of 3527 nearby Universe galaxies, representative for stellar masses between $10^{9.2}\,{\text{and}}\,10^{11.9} \rm {{\rm M}_{\odot }}$. We find significantly larger number densities above 150 $\rm {km\ s^{-1}}$ compared to results from H i surveys, pertaining to the morphological diversity of our sample. Leveraging the fact that circular velocities are tracing the gravitational potential of haloes, we compute the halo mass function (HMF), covering $\sim$1 dex of previously unprobed halo masses ($10^{11.7}{\!-\!}10^{12.7} \rm {{\rm M}_{\odot }}$). The HMF for our sample, representative of the galaxy population with $M_{200}\geqslant 10^{11.35} \rm {{\rm M}_{\odot }}$, shows that spiral morphologies contribute 67 per cent of the matter density in the nearby Universe, while early types account for the rest. We combine our HMF data with literature measurements based on H i kinematics and group/cluster velocity dispersions. We constrain the functional form of the HMF between $10^{10.5}-10^{15.5} \rm {{\rm M}_{\odot }}$, finding a good agreement with $\Lambda$CDM predictions. The halo mass range probed encompasses 72$\substack{+5 -6}$ per cent ($\Omega _{\rm {M,10.5-15.5}} = 0.227 \pm 0.018$) of the matter density in the nearby Universe; 31$\substack{+5 -6}$ per cent is accounted for by haloes below $10^{12.7}\rm {{\rm M}_{\odot }}$ occupied by a single galaxy.
Insight into brain metallothioneins from bidirectional Zn2+ signaling in synaptic dynamics
Authors: Takeda Atsushi , Tamano Haruna 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The basal levels as the labile Zn2+ pools in the extracellular and intracellular compartments are in the range of ∼10 nM and ∼100 pM, respectively. The influx of extracellular Zn2+ is used for memory via cognitive activity and is regulated for synaptic plasticity, a cellular mechanism of memory. When Zn2+ influx into neurons excessively occurs, however, it becomes a critical trigger for cognitive decline and neurodegeneration, resulting in acute and chronic pathogenesis. Aging, a biological process, generally accelerates vulnerability to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). The basal level of extracellular Zn2+ is age relatedly increased in the rat hippocampus, and the influx of extracellular Zn2+ contributes to accelerating vulnerability to the AD and PD pathogenesis in experimental animals with aging. Metallothioneins (MTs) are Zn2+-binding proteins for cellular Zn2+ homeostasis and involved in not only supplying functional Zn2+ required for cognitive activity, but also capturing excess (toxic) Zn2+ involved in cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. Therefore, it is estimated that regulation of MT synthesis is involved in both neuronal activity and neuroprotection. The present report provides recent knowledge regarding the protective/preventive potential of MT synthesis against not only normal aging but also the AD and PD pathogenesis in experimental animals, focused on MT function in bidirectional Zn2+ signaling in synaptic dynamics.
Innovative (and Safe) Techniques With Supraglottic Airways
Authors: Herrera Katherine , Tufail Bilal , Osborn Irene 
Published: September 2024

Abstract:
Supraglottic airways have been utilized as an alternative to facemask ventilation and endotracheal intubation and thus have been essential to airway management since their introduction in the late 1980s. This chapter describes basic considerations in their use and an update on current clinical practice, with an emphasis on safe management. The devices have evolved to meet today's clinical airway challenges, and they provide benefits for patients and practitioners.
Pedicle Screw Placement with Augmented Reality Versus Robotic-Assisted Surgery
Authors: Altorfer Franziska C.S. , Kelly Michael J. , Avrumova Fedan , Burkhard Marco D. , Zhu Jiaqi , Abel Frederik , Cammisa Frank P. , Sama Andrew , Farshad Mazda , Lebl Darren R. 
Published: September 2024

Study Design.
This was a single-center prospective clinical and radiographic analysis of pedicle screw instrumentation with Robotic-assisted navigation (RAN) and augmented reality (AR).

Objective.
This study aimed to compare the accuracy of lumbosacral pedicle screw placement with RAN versus AR.

Summary of Background Data.
RAN and AR have demonstrated superior accuracy in lumbar pedicle screw placement compared to conventional free-hand techniques. RAN and AR techniques both tout specific advantages over their counterparts, but to date, no study has directly compared the two technologies regarding pedicle screw accuracy.

Patients and Methods.
Patients who underwent RAN or head-mounted AR navigated lumbosacral (L1–S1) pedicle screw placement for degenerative conditions were included. Screw accuracy was assessed by two independent reviewers on intraoperative 3D fluoroscopic scans using the Gertzbein and Robbins scale. A generalized linear mixed model was applied to evaluate the relationship between the screw placement technique and accuracy.

Results.
212 patients undergoing lumbosacral instrumentation with a total of 1,211 pedicle screws placed using RAN (n=108; screws= 827) or AR (n=104; screws= 384). Overall, Grade A was achieved in 92.6% of screws. No significant difference was found between RAN and AR screw placement regarding the incidence of accurate (Grade-A and -B screws; RAN n=824; 99.6% and AR n=379, 98.7%) versus inaccurate screws (Grade-C and -D screws; RAN n=3, 0.4% and AR n=5, 1.3%). When comparing “optimal” Grade-A screws (RAN n= 787, 95.2%, AR n=345, 89.8%) versus all other screws (B, C, and D), significantly higher accuracy was achieved using RAN (P=0.001).

Conclusion.
RAN and AR both achieved high accuracy in lumbosacral pedicle screw placement, proving reliable for this procedure. However, RAN resulted in significantly more Grade-A screw placements than AR.
Dose Estimation Utility in a Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Inhaled Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Cannabis Market Products in Occasional and Daily Users
Authors: Henthorn Thomas K. , Wang George S. , Dooley Greg , Brooks-Russell Ashley , Wrobel Julia , Limbacher Sarah , Kosnett Michael 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Unusually high variability in blood Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentrations have been observed in subjects inhaling similar cannabis products over similar time periods when consumption is ad libitum. This makes simple gravimetric dose estimation a poor predictor of THC exposure. Population pharmacokinetic analyses of blood THC concentration versus time data are routinely used to estimate pharmacokinetic parameters. The aim of this study was to estimate the inhaled dose of THC in occasional and daily users of high potency market cannabis.

Methods:
Blood THC concentrations were measured for 135 minutes from 29 participants who either smoked high concentration flower or inhaled concentrates ad libitum during a 15-minute session. Frequent blood samples were obtained over the following 135 minutes.

Results:
The estimated central and rapidly equilibrating volumes of distribution of a 3-compartment model were 19.9 ± 1.2 and 51.6 ± 4.7 L whereas the intercompartmental clearances were 1.65 ± 0.14 and 1.75 ± 0.10 L/min, respectively. Covariate-adjusted analysis revealed that the estimated inhaled THC dose was considerably less among occasional users compared with daily users.

Conclusions:
Three-compartment pharmacokinetics of THC did not differ among the 3 user groups, and the early phase (first 135 minutes postinception of inhalation) kinetics were similar to those previously described after smoking low potency cannabis products. Therefore, inhaled THC dose can be estimated from pharmacokinetic data and covariate-driven adjustments can be used to estimate THC doses, based on the participant cannabis usage pattern (occasional versus daily), improving the accuracy of THC exposure estimates compared with those derived from weighed THC content alone.
“Craniometric and Volumetric Analyses of Normocephalic and Scaphocephalic Patients with Nonsyndromic Single-Suture Sagittal Craniosynostosis”
Authors: Velazquez Alexander , Lebhar Michael S. , Yang Johnny , McCandless Martin , Pitre David , Shiflett Mason , Weaver Kristen , Nichols Todd , Hoppe Ian C. , Humphries Laura S. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
Non-syndromic single-suture sagittal craniosynostosis presentation spans scaphocephalic and normocephalic head shapes. Herein, we studied craniometric differences between scaphocephalic and normocephalic patients with sagittal synostosis.

Methods:
Head CT scans of 20 scaphocephalic and 20 normocephalic sagittal synostosis patients and their age- and sex-matched controls were analyzed, including cranial base angles, distances-from-midline, and intracranial volumes.

Results:
Cranial index was significantly decreased in index groups compared to controls (p<0.001, respectively). Right external acoustic meatus angle (EAMA) was significantly larger in scaphocephalic (p<0.001) and left EAMA was significantly smaller in normocephalic patients (p=0.002) when compared with controls. Midline angular analysis showed that bifrontal angle was significantly smaller amongst scaphocephalic patients versus controls (p=0.026). Cranial base distances-from-midline were longer to the right and left internal acoustic meatus and shorter to the euryon-to-zygomaticofrontal suture for both groups of cases than their controls (p<0.05). Scaphocephalic patients had a larger anterior cranial volume ratio (18% vs 13%, p<0.001) and normocephalic patients had a larger posterior volume ratio (42% vs 33%, p<0.001) than controls. Scaphocephalic patients had larger anterior volume ratios than normocephalic patients (1.66 vs 1.16, p=0.025, but smaller posterior compartment volume ratios (0.90 vs 1.53, p<0.001).

Conclusion:
There are rightward asymmetries of the linear and angle cranial base measurements in both index groups. Intracranial volume distribution lies anteriorly in scaphocephalic patients but posteriorly in normocephalic patients. These data show craniometric evidence that although normocephalic and scaphocephalic patients share the diagnosis of “sagittal synostosis,” they are morphometrically different than each other and controls.
Queuosine salvage in Bartonella henselae Houston 1: a unique evolutionary path
Authors: Quaiyum Samia , Yuan Yifeng , Sun Guangxin , Ratnayake R. M. Madhushi N. , Hutinet Geoffrey , Dedon Peter C. , Minnick Michael F. , de Crécy-Lagard Valérie 
Published: September 2024

Graphical Abstract
The substrate specificity of bacterial TGT and Q precursor transporter protein shifts from preQ1 to the queuine base in intracellular human pathogens such as Chlamydia trachomatis, driven by adaptation to the intracellular environment. The facultative intracellular pathogen Bartonella henselae exhibits a rare dual-substrate specificity for these Q salvage enzymes that represents an evolutionary transition state.
Tracing the evolution of a parallel-engaged architectural pedagogy of care in South Africa
Authors: Felix Sandra Lourenço 
Published: September 2024

PurposeTracing the development of a parallel-engaged pedagogy of care that extended and adapted the critical and transformative pedagogies of Freire, De Sousa Santos and hooks to the South African context. The development of this transformative pedagogy addresses the local conditions of an architectural design studio at a postcolonial, post-Apartheid and post “Fees must Fall” protests South African university. This pedagogy used practice-based design research to build a more conscious, critical and careful design practice in both students and educators.Design/methodology/approachThe pedagogy was developed through participatory action research, over five years, from 2019 to 2023 including two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Parallel and active engagement of students and educators within a nurturing and caring environment evolved from year to year, through a conscious and critical reflection on the process. Student surveys, reflective essays and focus groups unearth the impact of the parallel-engaged pedagogy of care.FindingsThe parallel-engaged pedagogy of care was shown to support and scaffold students becoming more conscious, critical and careful in their design practices validating diverse lived experiences as generative for design and important for social justice and transformative equity.Research limitations/implicationsThe parallel-engaged pedagogy of care is part of a global shift to more transformative pedagogies that address student diversity and decoloniality.Originality/valueThrough dismantling traditional hierarchical teaching modes, the pedagogy is more student-led, agile and adaptable. Through centring and demonstrating care in the pedagogy, students are encouraged to develop both self-care and care in their design practice. This is especially critical in the South African context where the cultural capital of the institution, with its roots in colonial and Apartheid education differs from that of the majority of students of colour.
Is it really natural? How minimalist food packaging influences consumers’ perception of product naturalness
Authors: Saintives Camille , Meral Hélène 
Published: September 2024

PurposeAlthough prior research has shown the influence of the degree of simplicity (versus complexity) in packaging design on consumer’s product and brand perceptions, no research to date has analyzed the effect of minimalist packaging on perceived product naturalness. This research thus aims to investigate the underlying mechanisms explaining how a minimalist food packaging design may lead consumers to perceive a product as more natural.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on two pre-tests and two experiments (N = 152 and N = 220) focusing on food products. Serial–parallel mediations are performed to test the effect of minimalist packaging design on perceived product naturalness.FindingsIn a food consumption context, we demonstrate and replicate the positive impact of minimalism on perceived product uniqueness, which then positively influences both production mode and perceived taste, which, in turn, increases perceived product naturalness.Originality/valueThe findings provide new insights into the influence of food packaging design on consumers’ product perception. This paper offers a deeper understanding of the relationship between minimalist food packaging design and product naturalness by highlighting the mediating roles of perceived uniqueness, production mode and perceived taste.
Impact of green self-managed teams on firm’s performance: a moderating serial mediation model from an emerging market
Authors: Kundu Subhash C. , Chahar Purnima 
Published: September 2024

PurposeBased on the Social Exchange Theory (SET), the paper attempts to extend the research on the relationship between green self-managed teams and firm performance by exploring the serial mediation of extra-role green behavior and environmental performance. Furthermore, via moderated mediation, the study inspected the differences in relationships among these variables for manufacturing and service organizations.Design/methodology/approachData of 407 respondents from 122 manufacturing and service organizations (having green self-managed teams) operating in India were collected using purposive sampling. Various statistical techniques like confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), correlations, multiple regressions and bootstrapping were employed.FindingsThe results indicated that extra-role green behavior and environmental performance served as serial mediators. Additionally, the nature of the organizations significantly moderated several indirect relationships, with one pathway found to be insignificant.Research limitations/implicationsThe study may be limited by the fact that the data were collected at a single moment in time rather than using a longitudinal design.Practical implicationsThe study guides service organizations to attract environmentally conscious employees by promoting green self-managed teams and manufacturing organizations to enrich their operations and service delivery through such teams.Originality/valueThe study uniquely examines how green self-managed teams addressing environmental issues contribute to improved firm performance through mutual exchanges. It also advances existing literature by conducting a comparative analysis across manufacturing and service organizations in an emerging Indian market.