bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
β-Y(BO2)3 – a new member of the β-Ln(BO2)3 (Ln=Nd, Sm, Gd–Lu) structure family
Authors: Schmitt Martin K. , Huppertz Hubert 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

β-Y(BO2)3 was synthesized in a Walker-type multianvil module at 5.9 GPa/1000°C. The crystal structure has been elucidated through single-crystal X-ray diffraction. β-Y(BO2)3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma (no. 62) with the lattice parameters a
=15.886(2), b
=7.3860(6), and c
=12.2119(9) Å. Its crystal structure will be discussed in the context of the isotypic lanthanide borates β-Ln(BO2)3 (Ln
=Nd, Sm, Gd–Lu).
Genes Integral to the Reproductive Function of Male Reproductive Tissues Drive Heterogeneity in Evolutionary Rates in Japanese Quail
Authors: Finseth Findley R , Harrison Richard G 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEarly comparative genomics studies originally uncovered a nonintuitive pattern; genes involved in reproduction appeared to evolve more rapidly than other classes of genes. Currently, the emerging consensus is that genes encoding reproductive proteins evolve under variable selective pressures, producing more heterogeneous divergence patterns than previously appreciated. Here, we investigate a facet of that heterogeneity and explore the factors that drive male reproductive tissue-based heterogeneity in evolutionary rates. In Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica), genes with enriched expression in the testes evolve much more rapidly than those enriched in the foam gland (FG), a novel gland that secretes an airy foam that males transfer to females during mating. We compared molecular evolutionary patterns among (1) genes with induced expression in breeding vs. wintering conditions for both tissues and (2) genes that encode foam proteins (FPs) vs. those with varying degrees of expression specificity in the FG. We report two major findings. First, genes upregulated in breeding condition testes evolve exceptionally rapidly, while those induced in breeding condition FGs evolve slowly. These differences hold even after correcting for hormonally-dependent gene expression and chromosomal location. Second, genes encoding FPs are extremely conserved in terms of gene identity and sequence. Together, these finding suggest that genes involved in the reproductive function of each tissue drive the marked rate of heterogeneity.
Genome-Wide Mapping of Decay Factor–mRNA Interactions in Yeast Identifies Nutrient-Responsive Transcripts as Targets of the Deadenylase Ccr4
Authors: Miller Jason E , Zhang Liye , Jiang Haoyang , Li Yunfei , Pugh B Franklin , Reese Joseph C 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe Ccr4 (carbon catabolite repression 4)-Not complex is a major regulator of stress responses that controls gene expression at multiple levels, from transcription to mRNA decay. Ccr4, a “core” subunit of the complex, is the main cytoplasmic deadenylase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae; however, its mRNA targets have not been mapped on a genome-wide scale. Here, we describe a genome-wide approach, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) high-throughput sequencing (RIP-seq), to identify the RNAs bound to Ccr4, and two proteins that associate with it, Dhh1 and Puf5. All three proteins were preferentially bound to lowly abundant mRNAs, most often at the 3′ end of the transcript. Furthermore, Ccr4, Dhh1, and Puf5 are recruited to mRNAs that are targeted by other RNA-binding proteins that promote decay and mRNA transport, and inhibit translation. Although Ccr4-Not regulates mRNA transcription and decay, Ccr4 recruitment to mRNAs correlates better with decay rates, suggesting it imparts greater control over transcript abundance through decay. Ccr4-enriched mRNAs are refractory to control by the other deadenylase complex in yeast, Pan2/3, suggesting a division of labor between these deadenylation complexes. Finally, Ccr4 and Dhh1 associate with mRNAs whose abundance increases during nutrient starvation, and those that fluctuate during metabolic and oxygen consumption cycles, which explains the known genetic connections between these factors and nutrient utilization and stress pathways.
Survival in Very Preterm Infants: An International Comparison of 10 National Neonatal Networks
Authors: Helenius Kjell , Sjörs Gunnar , Shah Prakesh S. , Modi Neena , Reichman Brian , Morisaki Naho , Kusuda Satoshi , Lui Kei , Darlow Brian A. , Bassler Dirk , Håkansson Stellan , Adams Mark , Vento Maximo , Rusconi Franca , Isayama Tetsuya , Lee Shoo K. , Lehtonen Liisa ,   on behalf of the International Network for Evaluating Outcomes (iNeo) of Neonates
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVES:
To compare survival rates and age at death among very preterm infants in 10 national and regional neonatal networks.

METHODS:
A cohort study of very preterm infants, born between 24 and 29 weeks’ gestation and weighing &lt;1500 g, admitted to participating neonatal units between 2007 and 2013 in the International Network for Evaluating Outcomes of Neonates. Survival was compared by using standardized ratios (SRs) comparing survival in each network to the survival estimate of the whole population.

RESULTS:
Network populations differed with respect to rates of cesarean birth, exposure to antenatal steroids and birth in nontertiary hospitals. Network SRs for survival were highest in Japan (SR: 1.10; 99% confidence interval: 1.08–1.13) and lowest in Spain (SR: 0.88; 99% confidence interval: 0.85–0.90). The overall survival differed from 78% to 93% among networks, the difference being highest at 24 weeks’ gestation (range 35%–84%). Survival rates increased and differences between networks diminished with increasing gestational age (GA) (range 92%–98% at 29 weeks’ gestation); yet, relative differences in survival followed a similar pattern at all GAs. The median age at death varied from 4 days to 13 days across networks.

CONCLUSIONS:
The network ranking of survival rates for very preterm infants remained largely unchanged as GA increased; however, survival rates showed marked variations at lower GAs. The median age at death also varied among networks. These findings warrant further assessment of the representativeness of the study populations, organization of perinatal services, national guidelines, philosophy of care at extreme GAs, and resources used for decision-making.
Bacterial species from retailed poultry eggs in Tshwane, South Africa: Implication for consumers
Authors: Jambalang Alexander R. , Buys Buys M. , Botha Francien S. 
Published: November 2017

Food safety is an important public health issue and governments across the world are intensifying their efforts to improve the quantity, quality and the safety of national food supplies. Bacteria, especially Salmonella species, present in or on chicken meat and hens’ eggs in particular are the most common causes of food poisoning and the major sources of human salmonellosis. Literature reveals little information on the risk factors for salmonellae infection in Africa. The aim of this study was to determine which, if any, bacteria, especially Salmonella species, are present in and on hens’ eggs. Representative bacterial colonies were confirmed with Gram staining and then identified using the MALDI-TOF Biotyper assay. The genera identified were Escherichia coli (34%), Enterococcus faecalis (14%), Proteus mirabilis (9%), Klebshiella pneumoniae (7%), Salmonella Typhimurium (6%), Enterobacter cloacae (1%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (0.6%), Salmonella Dublin (0.6%) and Salmonella Braenderup (0.2%). Raw hens’ eggs and products containing raw hens’ eggs may contain pathogenic bacteria, thereby exposing a large number of consumers to the risk of contracting food poisoning when undercooked or uncooked hens’ eggs are consumed.
Significance:

Enterobacteriaceae counts are used as an indicator to evaluate the hygienic quality of food.
The presence of Salmonella species and other Enterobacteriaceae in raw hens’ eggs poses a health risk to consumers.
Any product in which raw eggs are used must be provided with a conspicuous label stating that it may contain pathogenic bacteria.
rise and fall of dissolved phosphate in South African rivers
Authors: Griffin Neil J. 
Published: November 2017

Eutrophication of water resources following nutrient loading is a global threat to water quality, and has been found to be one of the major threats to water quality in South Africa. Eutrophication is large-scale autotroph growth following nutrient enrichment and has several consequences, including loss of biodiversity, oxygen depletion, taste/odour generation and algal toxin production. Phosphate enrichment is often (but not always) the cause of freshwater eutrophication, and limitation of phosphate is commonly used as a means of controlling eutrophication. This study reports on a survey of trends in nutrient levels in South African freshwater resources. The research reported on here shows a significant decrease in dissolved phosphate levels in recent years, following a long period during which phosphate levels had been increasing with time. While changes in inorganic nitrogen were found, these changes did not match those in phosphate levels. Several potential causes of these changes were assessed, and it is concluded that no one cause can explain the changes observed. While the decrease in freshwater phosphate levels bodes well for water quality management, internal phosphorus cycling and other mechanisms are likely to mask the short-term impact of phosphate decreases.

Significance:

Eutrophication, caused by nutrient loading, is a threat to water quality.
Phosphate levels in South African fresh water have risen steadily with time, but recently have shown a sharp decrease, which cannot easily be attributed to one phosphate source.
The decrease has promise for eutrophication management but changes may not occur in the short term.
Los baptisterios parroquiales de Jerez de la Frontera en la Edad Moderna. Una propuesta metodológica para estudios de liturgia y arquitectura.
Authors: Rodil Pablo Pomar 
Published: November 2017

Las capillas del bautismo de la Colegiata de San Salvador y demás parroquias de Jerez de la Frontera presentan como conjunto un interés histórico artístico considerable y algunas en concreto son además, bien sea por su singularidad tipológica o por su entidad arquitectónica y decorativa, ejemplares notables. Sin embargo, será volcando el caudal de noticias referidas a la historia constructiva de estos baptisterios parroquiales en un estudio de mayor amplitud sobre su funcionalidad litúrgica –tomando como principales referencias el Ritual Romano y las Constituciones Sinodales hispalenses– donde el mencionado conjunto de capillas se revele como muestra suficiente de la cual extraer conclusiones aplicables tanto al resto de parroquias de la Archidiócesis de Sevilla, como a otras del ámbito hispano durante la Edad Moderna.
Long-Term Health Consequences of Movement Restrictions for Palestinians, 1987–2011
Authors: McNeely Clea A. , Barber Brian K. , Giacaman Rita , Belli Robert F. , Daher Mahmoud 
Published: November 2017

Objectives. To estimate the long-term association between Israeli-imposed restrictions on travel for medical care in the occupied Palestinian territory and health status in adulthood. Methods. Using event history calendar methods, we collected annual data from 1987 to 2011 from a representative sample of 1778 Palestinians aged 32 to 43 years and analyzed the subsample of whomever had a serious medical condition and needed to travel for medical care (n = 246; contributing 1163 person-years). We used ordered logistic regression with person-year data to test the association between movement restrictions from 1987 to 2011 and health status in 2011. Results. Two thirds (65%; n = 161) of participants reported travel restrictions, and 38% (n = 92) reported ever being barred from travel for medical care. Compared with study participants who experienced no travel restrictions in a year (n = 559 person-years), those who were barred from travel in that same year (n = 122 person-years) reported worse self-rated health (57% vs 22% reported bad or very bad self-rated health; P < .05) and greater limits on daily functioning caused by physical health (41% vs 16% reported regular limits; P < .05). Conclusions. Being barred from travel for medical care was associated with poor health as long as 25 years later.
Sexual Assertiveness Skills and Sexual Decision-Making in Adolescent Girls: Randomized Controlled Trial of an Online Program
Authors: Widman Laura , Golin Carol E. , Kamke Kristyn , Burnette Jeni L. , Prinstein Mitchell J. 
Published: November 2017

Objectives. To evaluate the efficacy of an interactive, Web-based sexual health program (Health Education and Relationship Training [HEART]) for developing sexual assertiveness skills and enhancing sexual decision-making in adolescent girls. Methods. Participants were 222 tenth-grade girls (mean age = 15.2; 38% White, 29% Hispanic, 25% Black) in the Southeastern United States who were randomized in fall 2015 to the HEART intervention or an attention-matched control. We assessed participants at pretest, immediate posttest, and 4-month follow-up. Results. Both groups had similar demographic and sexual behavior characteristics at pretest. At immediate posttest, girls who completed the HEART program demonstrated better sexual assertiveness skills measured with a behavioral task, higher self-reported assertiveness, intentions to communicate about sexual health, knowledge regarding HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), safer sex norms and attitudes, and condom self-efficacy compared with the control condition. At 4-month follow-up, group differences remained in knowledge regarding HIV and other STDs, condom attitudes, and condom self-efficacy. Conclusions. This brief online sexual health program can improve short-term outcomes among adolescent girls and offers an exciting new option in the growing array of digital health interventions available to youths. Trial Registration Number. NCT02579135.
The Nazi Physicians as Leaders in Eugenics and “Euthanasia”: Lessons for Today
Authors: Grodin Michael A. , Miller Erin L. , Kelly Johnathan I. 
Published: November 2017

This article, in commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the Doctors’ Trial at Nuremberg, reflects on the Nazi eugenics and “euthanasia” programs and their relevance for today. The Nazi doctors used eugenic ideals to justify sterilizations, child and adult “euthanasia,” and, ultimately, genocide.Contemporary euthanasia has experienced a progression from voluntary to nonvoluntary and from passive to active killing. Modern eugenics has included both positive and negative selective activities.The 70th anniversary of the Doctors’ Trial at Nuremberg provides an important opportunity to reflect on the implications of the Nazi eugenics and “euthanasia” programs for contemporary health law, bioethics, and human rights. In this article, we will examine the role that health practitioners played in the promotion and implementation of State-sponsored eugenics and “euthanasia” in Nazi Germany, followed by an exploration of contemporary parallels and debates in modern bioethics.1
Evaluation of the Environmental Scoring System in Multiple Child Asthma Intervention Programs in Boston, Massachusetts
Authors: Dong Zhao , Nath Anjali , Guo Jing , Bhaumik Urmi , Chin May Y. , Dong Sherry , Marshall Erica , Murphy Johnna S. , Sandel Megan T. , Sommer Susan J. , Ursprung W. W. Sanouri , Woods Elizabeth R. , Reid Margaret , Adamkiewicz Gary 
Published: November 2017

Objectives. To test the applicability of the Environmental Scoring System, a quick and simple approach for quantitatively measuring environmental triggers collected during home visits, and to evaluate its contribution to improving asthma outcomes among various child asthma programs.Methods. We pooled and analyzed data from multiple child asthma programs in the Greater Boston Area, Massachusetts, collected in 2011 to 2016, to examine the association of environmental scores (ES) with measures of asthma outcomes and compare the results across programs.Results. Our analysis showed that demographics were important contributors to variability in asthma outcomes and total ES, and largely explained the differences among programs at baseline. Among all programs in general, we found that asthma outcomes were significantly improved and total ES significantly reduced over visits, with the total Asthma Control Test score negatively associated with total ES.Conclusions. Our study demonstrated that the Environmental Scoring System is a useful tool for measuring home asthma triggers and can be applied regardless of program and survey designs, and that demographics of the target population may influence the improvement in asthma outcomes.
Increasing Prescription Opioid and Heroin Overdose Mortality in the United States, 1999–2014: An Age–Period–Cohort Analysis
Authors: Huang Xiwen , Keyes Katherine M. , Li Guohua 
Published: November 2017

Objectives. To assess cohort effects in prescription opioid and heroin overdose mortality in the United States. Methods. Using the National Center for Health Statistics’ multiple-cause-of-death file for 1999 to 2014, we performed an age–period–cohort analysis of drug overdose mortality in the United States. Results. Compared with those born in 1977 and 1978, individuals born between 1947 and 1964 experienced excess risks of prescription opioid overdose death (e.g., for the 1955–1956 birth cohort, rate ratio [RR] = 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09, 1.48) and of heroin overdose death (e.g., for the 1953–1954 birth cohort, RR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.11, 1.57). Those born between 1979 and 1992 also experienced an increased risk of heroin overdose death (e.g., for the 1989–1990 birth cohort, RR = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.50). The cohort effects were consistent between sexes. Conclusions. Individuals born between 1947 and 1964 and between 1979 and 1992 are particularly afflicted by the opioid epidemic. Intervention programs are needed to reduce the excess overdose mortality in these specific demographic groups.
An Integrated Modeling Work Flow With Hydraulic Fracturing, Reservoir Simulation, and Uncertainty Analysis for Unconventional-Reservoir Development
Authors: Liang Baosheng , Khan Shahzad , Puspita Sinchia Dewi 
Published: November 2017

Summary
It is important to determine several key parameters, such as well spacing, completions design, landing strategy, and pad sequence, for a successful full-field development of the unconventional reservoir that involves multiple wells and pads in a given area of interest. Those parameters are normally considered individually through small and simple models. In this paper, focusing on developing the whole area effectively, we provided a systematic work flow to handle such challenges together: We first recommended a top-down concept that better represents actual field development and illustrates the importance of the 3D Earth model for the unconventional reservoir; we then proposed an integrated modeling that is an iterative loop consisting of the 3D Earth model, hydraulic-fracture modeling, reservoir simulation, and uncertainty analysis.
It is uncommon to build a 3D Earth model for the unconventional reservoir mainly because of the lack of data and software capability. In this paper, we provided a cost-effective approach for the first time on the basis of a large amount of existing vertical wells, newly drilled horizontal wells, and all the data available. A 3D Earth model using information from approximately 1,100 vertical wells from the Midland Basin was presented. Such a model has a high resolution conditioned by high well density, and has an advantage of capturing heterogeneities and interactions more than a simplified model created either from one well or low-resolution seismic interpretation. The model was fed into hydraulic-fracture modeling with the consideration of natural-fracture network and stress shadow, followed by reservoir simulation. The in-house uncertainty-analysis package that functions by experimental-design philosophy is linked to the Earth model, hydraulic-fracture modeling, and reservoir simulation. For the first time, the impacts of all the parameters together were evaluated through the final production performance. In our example, we considered completions design, discrete-fracture-network (DFN) characterization and generation, unpropped hydraulic-fracture properties, fracture compaction, and matrix permeability. The result indicated that DFN characterization is the most important parameter affecting production performance.
We applied our model and work flow to field development. Well spacing and pad sequence were studied in this paper as two examples. We demonstrated that it is important to properly consider complex interactions among multiple clusters, stages, and wells to evaluate the impacts on well spacing, completions, and development sequence.
Exploring links between water quality and E. coli O157:H7 survival potential in well waters from a rural area of southern Changchun City, China
Authors: Ding Meiyue , Li Jiahang , Liu Xiaodan , Li Huiru , Zhang Rui , Ma Jincai 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Waterborne infectious disease outbreak associated with well water contamination is a worldwide public health issue, especially for rural areas in developing countries. In the current study, we characterized 20 well water samples collected from a rural area of southern Changchun city, China, and investigated the survival potential of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in those water samples. The results showed that nitrate and ammonia concentrations in some well water samples exceed the corresponding China drinking water standards, indicating potential contamination by local agricultural farms. Our results also revealed that the average survival time (ttd) of E. coli O157:H7 in all well water samples was 30.09 days, with shortest and longest ttd being 17.95 and 58.10 days, respectively. The ttds were significantly correlated with pH and the ratio of total nitrogen to total phosphorus. In addition, it was found that the shape parameter (p) and first decimal reduction parameter (δ) were negatively (P &lt; 0.05) and positively (P &lt; 0.05) correlated to ttd, respectively. Our study showed that E. coli O157:H7 could survive up to two months in well water, suggesting that this pathogen could constitute a great public health risk.
Pesticide removal through wastewater and advanced treatment: full-scale sampling and bench-scale testing
Authors: Kenny J. D. , Webber B. D. , Howe E. W. , Holden R. B. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Dieldrin and DDx removal through wastewater treatment, ozonation, and microfiltration was assessed for a water reuse project for groundwater replenishment in Monterey, California, USA. Full-scale sampling was conducted at the wastewater treatment plant, and physical wastewater treatment processes, ozonation, and microfiltration were tested at the bench scale. Removals observed through wastewater treatment, ozonation, and microfiltration were 84%, 44% to 63%, and 97% to 98%, respectively, for dieldrin, and 93%, 36% to 48%, and 92% to 94% for DDx. These were sufficient to meet California Ocean Plan water quality objectives after wastewater treatment alone. Levels in the secondary effluent, ahead of ozonation, microfiltration, reverse osmosis and advanced oxidation in the advanced water purification facility, met drinking water standards. Removal of dieldrin and DDx through wastewater treatment occurred by physical treatment processes; removal through the full-scale wastewater treatment plant, which included biological and physical treatment processes, matched removal through the physical bench-scale wastewater treatment processes. Dieldrin and DDx removal correlated with removal of volatile suspended solids, suggesting that volatile suspended solids could be used as an indicator for pesticide removal through wastewater treatment. Dieldrin and DDx concentrations were highest in the solids contact process, where biomass is accumulated for carbon removal.