bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone marrow extract as a growth supplement for human iliac apophyseal chondrocyte culture
Authors: Balakumar Balasubramanian , Rajagopal Karthikeyan , Madhuri Vrisha 
Published: April 2017

Background & objectives:
Human bone marrow is rich in various growth factors which may support the chondrocyte growth. This study was conducted to compare the culture characteristics of human growth plate chondrocyte in foetal bovine serum (FBS) and human autologous bone marrow extract (BME) in monolayer culture.

Methods:
Iliac crest apophyseal cartilage was harvested from four donors, aged between two and nine years, undergoing hip surgery. Chondrocytes were propagated under two culture conditions, with 10 per cent FBS and 10 per cent autologous BME harvested from the same donors. Cells were harvested at 7, 14 and 21 days to assess viability, morphology, cell count and immunocytochemistry.

Results:
With an initial seeding density of 2500 cells/cm2, the average yield in monolayer cultured with FBS was 3.35 × 105, 5.9 × 105, 14.1 × 105 and BME was 0.66 × 105, 1.57 × 105 and 3.48 × 105 at 7, 14 and 21 days, respectively. Viability was 98.21 per cent with FBS and 97.45 per cent with BME at 21 days. In BME supplemented cultures, hyaline phenotype was maintained up to 21 days. The yield was higher in the FBS supplemented group; however, the phenotype could not be maintained by the FBS group as long as BME group.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Autologous BME was found to be a safer alternative to FBS for human studies. BME could maintain the hyaline phenotype for a longer time. Ways to enhance the cell yield needs to be explored in future studies.
English and Welsh experience of marketisation, payment by results and justice devolution in the probation sector
Authors: Fox Chris 
Published: April 2017

English and Welsh experience of marketisation, payment by results and justice devolution in the probation sector
The UK government has embarked on an ambitious programme to reform the English and Welsh probation sector. Key to these reforms has been ‘marketisation’ involving Payment by Results. More recently the devolution of justice has become a key theme. This paper describes key reforms that have taken place since 2010 and sets out evidence for their effectiveness. Currently, the available evidence is limited, but more evidence is available from other sectors where similar models have also been used. This evidence base is discussed with particular reference to the potential for the reforms to promote innovation.
Professionaliteit als norm in het reclasseringswerk
Authors: Menger Anneke 
Published: April 2017

Professionalism as norm in probation
New demands require probation to invest in high standards of professionalism. Probation officers can nowadays build their professionalism on common values, scientific knowledge, professional discretion and public accountability. Collaboration with universities of applied sciences results in a common research agenda, new degree programs and well-structured post-initial training. Questions yet to answer are how to guarantee professionalism in a context of large professional discretion. Probation seeks answers in facilitating their professionals to do the master degree program forensic social professional, in developing peer audits based on new quality standards and in initiating a professional register.
Hoe slachtofferbewust werkt de reclassering?
Authors: Mollen Debbie J.M. , van Vliet Jaap A. 
Published: April 2017

Victim conscious work in probation
The probation in the Netherlands works more victim conscious since last year. Victim conscious working in probation is defined as: involving the perspective and interests of the victim when working with offenders. This broadly and to the extent it is justifiable from the primary task of the probation to reduce recidivism and promote the re-integration of probation clients/offenders. With this justification is both the moral level (right action) as being involved professional standards (effective action).The article describes, among other, a study on how the victim consciously work has been implemented within the Salvation Army Probation Service in the Netherlands.
Autoconfrontación a la propia actividad de enseñanza. Formación e investigación de la formación
Authors: Alonso Amezua Idurre , Azpeitia Eizagirre Agurtzane , Iriondo Arana Itziar , Zulaika Galdos Teresa 
Published: April 2017

<p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.21cm; line-height: 110%;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: small;">Partimos de un posicionamiento epistemológico accional, praxiológico que toma la actividad humana (aquí la enseñanza de las lenguas y la formación) en tanto objeto de estudio. La formación inicial del profesorado se aborda en tanto proceso en devenir, en relación con dispositivos de formación que se conciben y examinan con vistas a favorecer el desarrollo de la acción de los formados. Los elementos teóricos convocados provienen de diversos modelos de la acción y de la actividad humana, en particular la teoría de la acción social (Schütz, 1950). </span></p><p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.21cm; line-height: 110%;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: small;">Los métodos de investigación y de formación que se emplean tienen como finalidad la producción de trazas de la actividad, al tiempo que proporcionan espacios adecuados para su análisis por los actores. Las grabaciones - principalmente vídeo - se utilizan para realizar entrevistas de autoconfrontación que son a su vez momentos propicios para la producción de significados en relación con las actividades observadas.</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.21cm; line-height: 110%;" align="justify"><span style="font-size: small;">Los primeros resultados obtenidos muestran algunas de las actividades típicas realizadas por estudiantes durante el Practicum en relación con la enseñanza de lenguas y los fenómenos formativos producidos. Estos resultados son empleados a su vez para acondicionar los entornos de formación basados en el análisis de la actividad docente. </span></p><p style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.21cm; line-height: 110%;" align="justify"> </p>
Prevalence and Factors Associated With Prostate Cancer Among Transgender Women
Authors: Manfredi Celeste , Franco Antonio , Ditonno Francesco , Bologna Eugenio , Licari Leslie Claire , Leonardo Costantino , Antonelli Alessandro , De Nunzio Cosimo , Cherullo Edward E. , De Sio Marco , Autorino Riccardo 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceEvidence on prostate cancer (PCa) in transgender women is very limited; data are needed to reduce gender disparities in both PCa knowledge and health care.ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of PCa among transgender women in the US and assess the factors associated with PCa, and factors associated with biochemical recurrence (BCR) and bone metastases (BM) secondary to PCa in the transgender population.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA retrospective cohort study was conducted in October 2023, covering the period between 2011 and 2022 (12-year analysis). The study was based on a large, all-payer claims, deidentified, US database (PearlDiver Mariner). Transgender women who were identified as male before assignment of transsexual status codes were included. Patients with PCa were detected in the transgender women population.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPCa diagnosis was selected as primary outcome; BCR and BM were chosen as secondary outcomes.ResultsA total of 95 460 transgender women with a mean (SD) age of 52.5 (9.4) years were included. PCa was diagnosed in 589 individuals with a mean (SD) age of 66.8 (10.0) years (estimated prevalence, 0.62%; 95% CI, 0.54%-0.77%). Age (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.10; 95% CI, 1.08-1.12; P &amp;lt; .001) and family history (adjusted OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.60-4.92; P &amp;lt; .001) were positively associated with PCa in transgender women. Gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) was negatively associated with PCa in transgender women (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.56-0.89; P &amp;lt; .001) but positively associated with BCR (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.21-2.86; P &amp;lt; .001) and BM (OR, 3.96; 95% CI, 1.50-9.99; P &amp;lt; .001) in the transgender population with PCa.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study found that PCa appeared to be relatively uncommon in transgender women. GAHT may reduce the risk of PCa in transgender patients, but it may also increase the risk of BCR and BM in transgender women with PCa. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Clinical implementation and patient‐specific quality assurance solutions for real‐time target tracking and dynamic delivery in Radixact synchrony
Authors: Trujillo‐Bastidas Christian D. , Taylor Michael J. , Díaz‐Londoño Gloria M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe installation and testing of the first Radixact with Synchrony system in Colombia marked a significant milestone in Latin America's medical landscape. There was a need to devise a robust quality assurance protocol to comprehensively evaluate both dose delivery and motion tracking accuracy. However, testing experiences under clinical conditions have not been extensively reported. Additionally, there are limited recommended measuring devices for Synchrony evaluation.PurposeTo validate and implement an alternative setup for dynamic‐PSQA while testing Synchrony's functionality under clinical scenarios, including real‐patient motion traces, and to provide guidance to new centers undergoing clinical implementation of Helical Synchrony.MethodsThis approach involves using the Iba miniPhantomR with strategically placed fiducial markers for configuring Gafchromic‐films and array‐based setups. When paired with the CIRS Dynamic Platform, this enables an innovative dynamic setup with trackable features for Synchrony delivery testing. Assessment scenarios, including compensation (M1S1) and no‐motion compensation (M1S0), were evaluated using 2D‐gamma pass rate analysis with multiple clinical gamma criteria. The Synchrony‐Simulation feature was used to assess pre‐treatment performance and capture the patient's target motion pattern. Synchrony for common clinical cases with patient's motion‐traces was validated.ResultsThe results for M1S0 and M1S1 demonstrated consistency with previous studies evaluating Synchrony functionality. Analysis using different gamma criteria unveiled dosimetric differences and impacts across various motion ranges. The application of effective kV‐dose subtraction for array‐based methods is of upmost importance when evaluating dynamic‐PSQA with stringent gamma‐criteria. However, no significant kV‐dose impact on EBT3‐Film was detectable.ConclusionTwo implemented configurations for dynamic‐PSQA setups were validated and successfully integrated into our clinic. We addressed both the benefits and limitations of array‐based and film‐based methods. The functionality and limitations of Synchrony were evaluated using the proposed setups. The potential utility of Synchrony‐Simulation, along with the proposed patient‐case classification table, can offer valuable support for new users during the clinical implementation of Synchrony treatments.
A Multifunctional NaxBi/NaCl Flexible Interface Layer for Solid‐State Na Metal Batteries
Authors: Gu Yifan , Ma Hui , Fan Xiaomeng , Tao Huachao , Yang Xuelin , Fan Li‐Zhen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNa3Zr2Si2PO12 (NZSP) electrolyte with excellent air stability and acceptable ionic conductivity demonstrates a significant potential for application in solid‐state Na metal batteries. However, the poor interfacial contact between NZSP and Na anode has severely hindered its practical application. Herein, a BiCl3/polytetrafluoroethylene flexible interface layer is constructed between NZSP and Na metal anode. BiCl3 can react with Na metal to form a multifunctional NaxBi/NaCl‐rich flexible interface layer during the cycling process, which can effectively enhance the interfacial contact, avoid the formation of voids and reduce the interfacial resistance. NaxBi with low energy barrier can provide fast Na+ diffusion path, and NaCl with a wide band gap can inhibit electron injection and suppress Na dendrite growth. Owing to the multifunctional NaxBi/NaCl flexible interface layer, the Na/BiCl3@NZSP/Na symmetric cell exhibits a reduced interfacial resistance from 1252.1 to 67.6 Ω and achieves a high critical current density of 2 mA cm⁻2 at 25 °C. At 0.1 mA cm⁻2/0.1 mAh cm⁻2 and 0.3 mA cm⁻2/0.3 mAh cm⁻2, the symmetric cell can stably cycle for 3000 and 1100 h. Additionally, the Na3V2(PO4)3/BiCl3@NZSP/Na full cell can retain 96.7% of initial capacity (≈111 mAh g−1) after 300 cycles at 0.5 C and excellent rate capability.
Engineered Shape‐Morphing Transitions in Hydrogels Through Suspension Bath Printing of Temperature‐Responsive Granular Hydrogel Inks
Authors: Nakamura Keisuke , Di Caprio Nikolas , Burdick Jason A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract4D printing of hydrogels is an emerging technology used to fabricate shape‐morphing soft materials that are responsive to external stimuli for use in soft robotics and biomedical applications. Soft materials are technically challenging to process with current 4D printing methods, which limits the design and actuation potential of printed structures. Here, a simple multi‐material 4D printing technique is developed that combines dynamic temperature‐responsive granular hydrogel inks based on hyaluronic acid, whose actuation is modulated via poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) crosslinker design, with granular suspension bath printing that provides structural support during and after the printing process. Granular hydrogels are easily extruded upon jamming due to their shear‐thinning properties and their porous structure enables rapid actuation kinetics (i.e., seconds). Granular suspension baths support responsive ink deposition into complex patterns due to shear‐yielding to fabricate multi‐material objects that can be post‐crosslinked to obtain anisotropic shape transformations. Dynamic actuation is explored by varying printing patterns and bath shapes, achieving complex shape transformations such as ‘S’‐shaped and hemisphere structures. Furthermore, stepwise actuation is programmed into multi‐material structures by using microgels with varied transition temperatures. Overall, this approach offers a simple method to fabricate programmable soft actuators with rapid kinetics and precise control over shape morphing.
Cover Image, Volume 141, Issue 43
Authors: Barayavuga Theogene , Jianlei Cui , wei Fengqi , Mei Huanhuan , Rahman Mostafizur , Wang Zhijun , Mei Xuesong 
Published: October 2024

The cover image is based on the Article Enhancing durable electrical conductivity in multiwalled carbon nanotubes‐epoxy composites via laser repetition rate nanojoining for flexible electronics by Theogene Barayavuga et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56135.
image
Command filter‐based adaptive finite‐time control of fractional‐order nonlinear constrained systems with input saturation
Authors: Chen Lu , Chen Fa , Fang Jian‐an 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this article, the command filter‐based finite‐time tracking control issue is explored for fractional‐order nonlinear constrained systems (FONCSs) with saturated input. Firstly, a novel fractional‐order Lyapunov stability lemma is put forward, thereby offering a reliable strategy for finite‐time convergence of FONCSs. By employing an improved error compensation system and introducing auxiliary signal, a new finite‐time command filtered backstepping technique is developed. The proposed control strategy guarantees the finite‐time convergence characteristic of filtering signals, in addition to alleviate the impacts produced by saturated input. After that, a modified nonlinear state‐dependent function (NSDF) is developed to solve the state constraint problem while fulfilling the concavity condition. In comparison to the existing constrained control techniques in FONCSs, this approach not only ensures finite‐time convergence of the tracking error but also gets rid of feasibility demands. Ultimately, two simulation scenarios are supplied to illustrate the feasibility and usefulness of the suggested strategy.
‘Integration by immersion’: A contemporary model of integration for psychotherapeutic and pedagogical practice
Authors: O'Brien Charlotte , Charura Divine 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesPsychotherapeutic integration has been a source of contentious debate and increasing authorship for over five decades. Yet, the challenge remains as to how practitioners learn to integrate their practice according to the philosophical, theoretical and practical procedures of their chosen modalities. Pedagogically, there is also a challenge for educators to support trainees to develop their own congruent model of integrative practice, which may change over time. The objectives of this study were to critically explore the traditional models of integration, highlighting their gaps and limitations, and to propose a new model of integration, which is befitting to contemporary psychotherapeutic and pedagogical practice.MethodsRigorous methods of analysis were employed utilising a three‐phased approach, which included survey data analysis from a convenience sample of 104 counselling psychologists, and critical theoretical analysis of the traditional models of psychotherapeutic integration. A duoethnographic method was then employed to analyse the data further, illuminating the gaps and limitations.ResultsThe results make a significant contribution to the knowledge and theoretical framework in the field of integration by offering a new model of ‘Integration by Immersion’. This model is an alternative approach steeped in a framework of love and relationship as a foundation for unifying integrative practice. It flexibly fits and flows with practitioners' personal and professional development, making it applicable to evolving psychotherapeutic practice.ConclusionThe impact of ‘Integration by Immersion’ is that it offers an alternative model that advances psychotherapeutic trainees', practitioners' and educators' knowledge, skills and practice, enabling them to develop their own idiosyncratic model of integration.
Glucose Transporter 1 Inhibitors Induce Autophagy and Synergize With Lenvatinib in Thyroid Cancer Cells
Authors: Kuo Chi‐Yu , Hsu Yi‐Chiung , Chen Ming‐Jen , Lin Chi‐Hsin , Li Ying‐Syuan , Cheng Shih‐Ping 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLess differentiated thyroid cancer may upregulate the expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and increase glycolytic activity. However, it is uncertain whether GLUT1 can be used as a target for therapy.MethodsThyroid cancer cell lines were treated with two different GLUT1 inhibitors, STF‐31 and BAY‐876. Functional assays were conducted to evaluate the effects of these inhibitors on cell biology.ResultsGLUT1 inhibitors dose‐dependently decreased cell growth and clonogenicity of thyroid cancer cells. Cell cycle analysis showed that these inhibitors caused G2/M arrest instead of apoptosis. Additionally, treatment with GLUT1 inhibitors led to the activation of autophagy. In both the Transwell and spheroid models, GLUT1 inhibitors significantly suppressed cell invasiveness. Moreover, GLUT1 inhibitors demonstrated synergistic interactions when combined with lenvatinib.ConclusionsTreatment with GLUT1 inhibitors activates autophagy and provokes cell cycle arrest, accompanied by a decrease in colony formation and invasive capacity in thyroid cancer cells.
Performance analysis of minichannel heat sink with oblong cavities and diverse pin fin configurations
Authors: Mustafa Ahmed Jamal , Ghani Ihsan Ali 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPassive heat transfer techniques in minichannel heat sinks (MCHS) provide effective thermal management solutions for high heat flux applications. The current study introduces a three‐dimensional numerical analysis conducted to explore the flow and heat transfer characteristics of MCHS utilizing two passive techniques: incorporating pin fins with oblong‐shaped cavities. Four types of pin fin shapes were developed, including tear‐drop (MCOC‐TDPF), pyramidal (MCOC‐PPF), conical (MCOC‐CPF), and oval (MCOC‐OPF), respectively. The study is carried out under a laminar flow regime with Reynolds number ranging from 100 to 1000. The overall performance of these designs is assessed through a comparative analysis of traditional MCHS based on average Nusselt number, friction factor, and overall performance factor. Among these designs, MCOC‐CPF exhibited superior thermal performance compared to the other three configurations, with a maximum performance factor of 2.25 at a Reynolds number of 1000. Furthermore, the influence of conical pin fin taper ratio (β) on the thermal enhancement of MCOC‐CPF is also analyzed. Four values of conical pin fin taper ratio (β) have been considered, namely 1/6, 1/3, 1/2, and 2/3. The results revealed that β = 1/3 achieved an optimal overall performance of 2.39 at Reynolds number Re = 1000.
Association of Perioperative Skeletal Muscle Index Change With Outcome in Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Li Zhenhui , Yan Guanghong , Liu Mengmei , Li Yanli , Liu Lizhu , You Ruimin , Cheng Xianshuo , Zhang Caixia , Li Qingwan , Jiang Zhaojuan , Ruan Jinqiu , Ding Yingying , Li Wenliang , You Dingyun , Liu Zaiyi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe association between perioperative changes in the skeletal muscle index (SMI) and colorectal cancer (CRC) outcomes remains unclear. We aim to explore perioperative change patterns of SMI and evaluate their effects on long‐term outcomes in CRC patients.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included Stage I–III CRC patients who underwent curative resection between 2012 and 2019. SMI at the third lumbar vertebra level was calculated using computed tomography scans. Optimal cut‐off values for SMI were defined separately for males and females and classified as high or low preoperatively and at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months postoperatively. SMI status was further categorized into different perioperative SMI change patterns: highpre–highpost, highpre–lowpost, lowpre–highpost and lowpre–lowpost. The association with recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) was examined using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsA total of 2222 patients (median [interquartile range] age, 60.00 [51.00–68.00] years; 1302 (58.60%) men; 222 (9.99%) with preoperative low SMI) were evaluated. During a median follow‐up of 60 months, 375 patients (16.88%) died, and 617 patients (27.77%) experienced a recurrence. Multivariate Cox model analysis showed that, compared to patients with highpre–highpost, those with highpre–lowpost (HR = 3.32, 95% CI: 1.60–6.51; HR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.03–6.26; HR = 2.93, 95% CI: 1.19–7.19, all p < 0.05) had significantly worse RFS and OS (HR = 4.07, 95% CI: 1.55–10.69; HR = 4.78, 95% CI: 1.40–16.29; HR = 9.69, 95% CI: 2.53–37.05, all p < 0.05), at postoperative 6, 9 and 12 months, respectively. Patients with lowpre–lowpost were an independent prognostic factor for worse OS at postoperative 12 months (HR = 3.20, 95% CI: 1.06–9.71, p = 0.040). Patients with lowpre–highpost had similar risk of RFS compared to those with highpre–highpost at postoperative 3, 6 and 12 months (HR = 1.49, 95% CI: 0.75–2.98; HR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.45–2.43; HR = 1.36, 95% CI: 0.31–6.06, all p > 0.05) and similar risk of OS at postoperative 3, 6, 9 and 12 months (all p > 0.05).ConclusionsPatients with a high preoperative SMI that decline postoperatively have poor RFS and OS. Consistently low SMI also correlates with worse OS. Patients with low SMI but increased after resection are not an indicator of better prognosis. Routine measurement of postoperative, rather than preoperative, SMI is warranted. Patients with low SMI are at an increased risk for recurrence and death, especially within the first year after surgery.