bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction of low dose of fish oil and glucocorticoids on insulin sensitivity and lipolysis in healthy humans: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Delarue Jacques , Allain‐Jeannic Gwenola , Guillerm Sophie , Cruciani‐Guglielmacci Céline , Magnan Christophe , Moineau Marie‐Pierre , Le Guen Valérie 
Published: January 2016

ScopeThis study examined the interaction of fish oil (FO) with dexamethasone on glucose and lipid metabolisms in healthy subjects.Methods and resultsThe study included two consecutive parts. Part A (randomized) in 16 subjects studied the effects of dexamethasone (2 days, 2 mg/day) versus placebo (lactose), part B (two parallel subgroups of eight) studied the interaction of FO (3 wk, 840 mg/day of EPA + DHA) with dexamethasone. Insulin sensitivity of lipolysis (d5‐glycerol infusion + microdialysis), endogenous glucose production, and muscle glucose uptake were assessed by a three‐step hot insulin clamp and substrate oxidation by indirect calorimetry. Dexamethasone induced liver and peripheral insulin resistance, an increase in fat oxidation, and a decrease in suppression of plasma nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs). FO amplified the effects of dexamethasone by increasing liver and muscle insulin resistance, by reducing suppression of plasma NEFAs and fat oxidation and by increasing adipose tissue (AT) lipolysis.ConclusionFO, given at a moderate dose in healthy subjects prior to a very short‐term (2 days) low dose of a synthetic glucocorticoid, worsened its deleterious effects on insulin sensitivity. The enhancing effect of FO on fat oxidation and AT lipolysis might be a protective effect toward an increase in fat mass.
Architectures for next generation high throughput satellite systems
Authors: Vasavada Yash , Gopal Rajeev , Ravishankar Channasandra , Zakaria Gaguk , BenAmmar Nassir 
Published: January 2016

SummaryThis paper introduces architectures for next‐generation high throughput satellite (HTS) systems comprising various satellite payload options, ground terminal advances, and scalable system‐level software control and management techniques. It describes a model to estimate aggregate system capacity as a function of radio band, available spectrum, spot beams, waveforms, and payload capability, including antenna size, power, and digital/analog connectivity across various links and availability objectives. This system model has been used to evaluate aggregate capacity of representative Ka‐Band low earth orbit and geosynchronous orbit systems. A system implementation approach is described for next‐generation HTS systems based on widely used Industry standards. Modulation and coding techniques are based on Digital Video Broadcasting – S2 extensions (DVB‐S2X), which comprises spectrally efficient modulation schemes combined with low‐rate codes. Several implementation technologies are analyzed related to configurable onboard payload and ground‐based, software‐defined resource control and management, key enablers of next‐generation HTS systems. Basic architectural building blocks are introduced for design of end‐to‐end systems across low earth orbit, medium earth orbit, and geosynchronous orbit satellite constellations, with and without onboard processing and inter‐satellite links, and including several efficient scenarios to achieve lossless handovers. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of transesophageal echocardiography during transseptal puncture on atrial fibrillation ablation
Authors: Erden İsmail , Erden Emine Çakcak , Golcuk Ebru , Aksu Tolga , Yalin Kıvanç , Güler Tümer Erdem , Özcan Kazım Serhan , Turan Burak 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of our study was to demonstrate the added value of routine transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for correctly positioning the transseptal system in the fossa ovalis (FO), thus potentially preventing complications during fluoroscopy‐guided transseptal puncture (TP), and for assessing the optimal puncture site within the FO according to the expected procedure type.MethodsNinety‐one patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) procedures by cryoballoon technique for drug‐resistant paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) were prospectively included. In 57 patients, the TP procedure was performed under fluoroscopic guidance and septal localization was confirmed by contrast injection through the needle and demonstration of septal tenting in both the anteroposterior and left lateral fluoroscopic projections. In 34 patients, TP was performed under TEE guidance and positioning was targeted to perform the TP procedure in the more anterior and inferior locations of the FO. Two patient groups were compared according to the incidence of complications directly attributable to transseptal catheterization, thromboembolic complications, recurrence rates after the ablation procedure, total procedural time, and fluoroscopy time.ResultsFluoroscopy time (p<0.001), total cryoablation time (p=0.002), and total procedural time (p<0.001) were shorter in the TEE‐guided group. Left inferior pulmonary vein (LIPV) cryoablation time (p=0.007) and right inferior pulmonary vein (RIPV) cryoablation time (p=0.004) were significantly shorter and the number of applications to the LIPV (p=0.007) and RIPV (p=0.005) were significantly fewer in the TEE‐guided group. Although there was a trend toward higher complication rates (20.6% vs. 31.6%, p=0.37) and recurrence rates (11.8% vs. 20.1%, p=0.26) in the fluoroscopy‐guided group, the differences between the groups were not statistically significant.ConclusionsTEE‐guided TP for AF ablation is associated with shorter fluoroscopy time, shorter total cryoablation time, and shorter total procedural time. Importantly, TEE‐guided TP facilitates cryoablation of the inferior pulmonary veins.
Human Adipose‐Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Remain Viable and Metabolically Active Following Needle Passage
Authors: Onishi Kentaro , Jones Dakota L. , Riester Scott M. , Lewallen Eric A. , Lewallen David G. , Sellon Jacob L. , Dietz Allan B. , Qu Wenchun , van Wijnen Andre J. , Smith Jay 
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the biological effects of passage through clinically relevant needles on the viability and metabolic activity of culture‐expanded, human adipose tissue–derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (AMSCs).DesignProspective observational pilot study.SettingAcademic medical center.ParticipantsPatient‐derived clinical‐grade culture expanded AMSCs.InterventionsAMSCs were passed through syringes without a needle attached (control), with an 18‐gauge (25.4‐mm) needle attached and with a 30‐gauge (19‐mm) needle attached at a constant injection flow rate and constant cell concentrations. Each injection condition was completed in triplicate.Main Outcome MeasuresCell number and viability, proliferative capacity, metabolic activity, and acute gene expression as measured by cell counts, mitochondrial activity, and quantitative real time reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction on day 0 (immediately), day 1, and day 4 after injection.ResultsAMSC viability was not significantly affected by injection, and cells proliferated normally regardless of study group. Postinjection, AMSCs robustly expressed both proliferation markers and extracellular matrix proteins. Stress‐response mRNAs were markedly but transiently increased independently of needle size within the first day in culture postinjection.ConclusionsHuman, culture‐expanded AMSCs maintain their viability, proliferative capacity, and metabolic function following passage through needles as small as 30‐gauge at constant flow rates of 4 mL/min, despite an early, nonspecific stress/cytoprotective response. These initial findings suggest that culture‐expanded AMSCs should tolerate the injection process during most cell‐based therapeutic interventions.
A Novel Prevention Bundle to Reduce Surgical Site Infections in Pediatric Spinal Fusion Patients
Authors: Gould Jane M. , Hennessey Patricia , Kiernan Andrea , Safier Shannon , Herman Martin 
Published: January 2016

BACKGROUNDThe Surgical Care Improvement Project bundle emphasizes operative infection prevention practices. Despite implementing the Surgical Care Improvement Project bundle in 2008, spinal fusion surgical site infections (SF-SSI) continued to be prevalent for this low-volume, high-risk surgery.OBJECTIVETo design a combined pre-, peri-, and postoperative bundle (PPPB) that would lead to sustained reductions in SF-SSI rates.DESIGNQuality improvement project, before-after trial with cost-effectiveness analysis.SETTINGChildren’s hospital.PATIENTSAll spinal fusion patients, 2008–2015.INTERVENTIONA multidisciplinary team developed the PPPB composed of Surgical Care Improvement Project elements plus improved wound care practices, nursing standard of care, dedicated nursing unit, dermatology assessment tool and consultation, nursing education tool using “teach back” technique, and a “Back Home” kit. SF-SSI rates were compared before (2008–2010) and after (2011-February 2015) implementation of PPPB. PPPB compliance was monitored.RESULTSA total of 224 SF surgeries were performed from 2008 to February 2015. Pre-PPPB analysis revealed median time to SF-SSI of 28 days, secondary to skin and bowel flora. Mean 3-year pre-PPPB SF-SSI rate per 100 SF surgeries was 8.2 (8/98) (2008: 13.3 [4/30], 2009: 2.7 [1/37], 2010: 9.7 [3/31]). Mean SF-SSI rate after PPPB was 2.4 (3/126) (January 2011-February 2015); there was a 71% reduction in mean SSI rate (P=.0695). No SF-SSI occurred in neuromuscular patients (P=.008) after PPPB. Compliance with PPPB elements has been 100%.CONCLUSIONSPPPB led to sustained improvement in SF-SSI rates over 50 months. The PPPB could be reproduced for other surgeries.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2016;37:527–534
Adolescent depression, adult mental health and psychosocial outcomes at 30 and 35 years
Authors: McLeod G. F. H. , Horwood L. J. , Fergusson D. M. 
Published: January 2016

BackgroundThere is limited information on long-term outcomes of adolescent depression. This study examines the associations between severity of depression in adolescence and a broad array of adult functional outcomes.MethodData were gathered as part of the Christchurch Health and Development Study, a 35-year longitudinal study of a birth cohort of 1265 children born in Christchurch, New Zealand in 1977. Severity of depression at age 14–16 years was classified into three levels according to DSM symptom criteria for major depression (no depression/sub-threshold symptoms/major depression). This classification was related to adult functional outcomes assessed at ages 30 and 35 years using a generalized estimating equation modeling approach. Outcome measures spanned domains of mental disorder, education/economic circumstances, family circumstances and partner relationships.ResultsThere were modest but statistically significant bivariate associations between adolescent depression severity and most outcomes. After covariate adjustment there remained weak but significant (p < 0.05) associations with rates of major depression, anxiety disorder, illicit substance abuse/dependence, any mental health problem and intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization. Estimates of attributable risk for these outcomes ranged from 3.8% to 7.8%. For two outcomes there were significant (p < 0.006) gender interactions such that depression severity was significantly related to increased rates of unplanned pregnancy and IPV victimization for females but not for males.ConclusionsThe findings reinforce the importance of the individual/family context in which adolescent depression occurs. When contextual factors and probable maturational effects are taken into account the direct effects of adolescent depression on functioning in mature adulthood appear to be very modest.
THE NAUTICAL MELODRAMA OFMARY BARTON
Authors: Burroughs Robert 
Published: January 2016

In hisMemoirs of anUnfortunate Son of Thespis(1818), the actor Edward Cape Everard recalled a performance of Sheridan'sSchool for Scandalthat was interrupted in its third act by a rowdy bunch of sailors. At the sight of Charles Surface drinking, the sailors allegedly left the auditorium, entered the stage, and accosted the actor playing Charles, “exclaiming ‘My eyes, you're a hearty fellow! Come, my tight one, hand us a glass’” (qtd. in Russell 104). As apocryphal as the encounter seems, it is not the only account of mariners rushing the early-nineteenth century stage to join in with the drama. In her analysis of these anecdotes Gillian Russell comments that though they may have been intended to depict the sailor “as naïve and unsophisticated, unable to make the distinction between fiction and reality. . . it is not surprising that the sailor should have disregarded the rules of mimesis and the distinction between stage and auditorium” (104), for the sailor's life lent itself to, and was structured by, theatricality. Service in “the theatres of war,” or more generally in the “wooden world” of the ship, demanded strict performance of custom and ritual in the forging of social identities and relations, not least of all in the ritualistic initiation ceremonies and corporal punishments that were enacted in front of the amassed audience of the crew (Russell 139–57; see Dening). At sea and in dock sailors entertained themselves with amateur theatricals. On shore, they were keen theatre-goers, and in auditoriums and elsewhere they played up to the characteristics of the sailor in the brazen assertion of an identity that was celebrated in stories, songs, and plays, but frequently also belittled, bemoaned, and victimized, the latter particularly while the press gangs were active.
Dag Hammarskjöld's Religiosity and Norms Entrepreneurship: A Post-secular Perspective
Authors: Dionigi Filippo 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIn 1953, the United Nations (UN) General Assembly elected a low-key and relatively unknown personality as the second Secretary General of the UN. Dag Hammarskjöld, nonetheless, turned out to be one of the most entrepreneurial and innovative Secretary Generals that the UN has ever had. He invented peacekeeping, radically reformed the administrative structure of the UN, and promoted a crucial multi-lateral diplomatic role for the UN Secretariat. Behind this innovative approach to the politics of the UN, there was a personality with a deep and complex religious discernment that emerged occasionally in public speeches, as well as in private writing. This article interprets Hammarskjöld's norms entrepreneurship through the lens of post-secular theory and the concept of Habermasian institutional translation. It shows how — in contrast with merely secularist assumptions — Hammarskjöld's religiosity shaped and advanced international political processes consistently with the principles of the UN Charter.
The clerodane diterpene casearin J induces apoptosis of T-ALL cells through SERCA inhibition, oxidative stress, and interference with Notch1 signaling
Authors: De Ford C , Heidersdorf B , Haun F , Murillo R , Friedrich T , Borner C , Merfort I 
Published: January 2016

AbstractT-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy that preferentially affects children and adolescents. Over 50% of human T-ALLs possess activating mutations of Notch1. The clerodane diterpene casearin J (CJ) is a natural product that inhibits the sarcoendoplasmatic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) pump and induces cell death in leukemia cells, but the molecular mechanism of cytotoxicity remains poorly understood. Here we show that owing to SERCA pump inhibition, CJ induces depletion of the endoplasmic reticulum calcium pools, oxidative stress, and apoptosis via the intrinsic signaling pathway. Moreover, Notch1 signaling is reduced in T-ALL cells with auto-activating mutations in the HD-domain of Notch1, but not in cells that do not depend on Notch1 signaling. CJ also provoked a slight activation of NF-κB, and consistent with this notion a combined treatment of CJ and the NF-κB inhibitor parthenolide (Pt) led to a remarkable synergistic cell death in T-ALL cells. Altogether, our data support the concept that inhibition of the SERCA pump may be a novel strategy for the treatment of T-ALL with HD-domain-mutant Notch1 receptors and that additional treatment with the NF-κB inhibitor parthenolide may have further therapeutic benefits.
TCL1 transgenic mouse model as a tool for the study of therapeutic targets and microenvironment in human B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Bresin A , D'Abundo L , Narducci M G , Fiorenza M T , Croce C M , Negrini M , Russo G 
Published: January 2016

AbstractChronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a B-cell malignancy with a mature phenotype. In spite of its relatively indolent nature, no radical cure is as yet available. CLL is not associated with either a unique cytogenetic or a molecular defect, which might have been a potential therapeutic target. Instead, several factors are involved in disease development, such as environmental signals which interact with genetic abnormalities to promote survival, proliferation and an immune surveillance escape. Among these, PI3-Kinase signal pathway alterations are nowadays considered to be clearly important. The TCL1 gene, an AKT co-activator, is the cause of a mature T-cell leukemia, as well as being highly expressed in all B-CLL. A TCL1 transgenic mouse which reproduces leukemia with a distinct immunophenotype and similar to the course of the human B-CLL was developed several years ago and is widely used by many groups. This is a review of the CLL biology arising from work of many independent investigators who have used TCL1 transgenic mouse model focusing on pathogenetic, microenviroment and therapeutic targets.
Structure sensitivity in the nonscalable regime explored via catalysed ethylene hydrogenation on supported platinum nanoclusters
Authors: Crampton Andrew S. , Rötzer Marian D. , Ridge Claron J. , Schweinberger Florian F. , Heiz Ueli , Yoon Bokwon , Landman Uzi 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe sensitivity, or insensitivity, of catalysed reactions to catalyst structure is a commonly employed fundamental concept. Here we report on the nature of nano-catalysed ethylene hydrogenation, investigated through experiments on size-selected Ptn (n=8–15) clusters soft-landed on magnesia and first-principles simulations, yielding benchmark information about the validity of structure sensitivity/insensitivity at the bottom of the catalyst size range. Both ethylene-hydrogenation-to-ethane and the parallel hydrogenation–dehydrogenation ethylidyne-producing route are considered, uncovering that at the <1 nm size-scale the reaction exhibits characteristics consistent with structure sensitivity, in contrast to structure insensitivity found for larger particles. The onset of catalysed hydrogenation occurs for Ptn (n≥10) clusters at T>150 K, with maximum room temperature reactivity observed for Pt13. Structure insensitivity, inherent for specific cluster sizes, is induced in the more active Pt13 by a temperature increase up to 400 K leading to ethylidyne formation. Control of sub-nanometre particle size may be used for tuning catalysed hydrogenation activity and selectivity.
The occurrence of intracranial rhabdoid tumours in mice depends on temporal control of Smarcb1 inactivation
Authors: Han Zhi-Yan , Richer Wilfrid , Fréneaux Paul , Chauvin Céline , Lucchesi Carlo , Guillemot Delphine , Grison Camille , Lequin Delphine , Pierron Gaelle , Masliah-Planchon Julien , Nicolas André , Ranchère-Vince Dominique , Varlet Pascale , Puget Stéphanie , Janoueix-Lerosey Isabelle , Ayrault Olivier , Surdez Didier , Delattre Olivier , Bourdeaut Franck 
Published: January 2016

AbstractRhabdoid tumours (RTs) are highly aggressive tumours of infancy, frequently localized in the central nervous system (CNS) where they are termed atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumours (AT/RTs) and characterized by bi-allelic inactivation of the SMARCB1 tumour suppressor gene. In this study, by temporal control of tamoxifen injection in Smarcb1flox/flox;Rosa26-CreERT2 mice, we explore the phenotypes associated with Smarcb1 inactivation at different developmental stages. Injection before E6, at birth or at 2 months of age recapitulates previously described phenotypes including embryonic lethality, hepatic toxicity or development of T-cell lymphomas, respectively. Injection between E6 and E10 leads to high penetrance tumours, mainly intra-cranial, with short delays (median: 3 months). These tumours demonstrate anatomical, morphological and gene expression profiles consistent with those of human AT/RTs. Moreover, intra- and inter-species comparisons of tumours reveal that human and mouse RTs can be split into different entities that may underline the variety of RT cells of origin.
Excitation of coherent propagating spin waves by pure spin currents
Authors: Demidov Vladislav E. , Urazhdin Sergei , Liu Ronghua , Divinskiy Boris , Telegin Andrey , Demokritov Sergej O. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractUtilization of pure spin currents not accompanied by the flow of electrical charge provides unprecedented opportunities for the emerging technologies based on the electron’s spin degree of freedom, such as spintronics and magnonics. It was recently shown that pure spin currents can be used to excite coherent magnetization dynamics in magnetic nanostructures. However, because of the intrinsic nonlinear self-localization effects, magnetic auto-oscillations in the demonstrated devices were spatially confined, preventing their applications as sources of propagating spin waves in magnonic circuits using these waves as signal carriers. Here, we experimentally demonstrate efficient excitation and directional propagation of coherent spin waves generated by pure spin current. We show that this can be achieved by using the nonlocal spin injection mechanism, which enables flexible design of magnetic nanosystems and allows one to efficiently control their dynamic characteristics.
Volta phase plate cryo-EM of the small protein complex Prx3
Authors: Khoshouei Maryam , Radjainia Mazdak , Phillips Amy J. , Gerrard Juliet A. , Mitra Alok K. , Plitzko Jürgen M. , Baumeister Wolfgang , Danev Radostin 
Published: January 2016

AbstractCryo-EM of large, macromolecular assemblies has seen a significant increase in the numbers of high-resolution structures since the arrival of direct electron detectors. However, sub-nanometre resolution cryo-EM structures are rare compared with crystal structure depositions, particularly for relatively small particles (<400 kDa). Here we demonstrate the benefits of Volta phase plates for single-particle analysis by time-efficient cryo-EM structure determination of 257 kDa human peroxiredoxin-3 dodecamers at 4.4 Å resolution. The Volta phase plate improves the applicability of cryo-EM for small molecules and accelerates structure determination.