bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Évolution d’une interface par capillarité et diffusion de volume I. Existence locale en temps
Authors: Duchon Jean , Robert Raoul 
Published: March 2017

We prove existence locally in time for the following problem: a curve moves with velocity equal to the normal derivative of a harmonic function, whose boundary value is given by the curvature of the curve (here in the case of an initial curve graph of a smooth function).

Résumé
Existence locale en temps pour le problème suivant : une courbe se déplace à une vitesse égale à la dérivée normale d’une fonction harmonique, égale au bord à la courbure de la courbe (cas d’une donnée initiale graphe d’une fonction régulière).
Normal modes of a Lagrangian system constrained in a potential well
Authors: Benci V. 
Published: March 2017

Let

a, U \in C^2(Ω)

where

Ω

is a bounded set in

ℝ^n

and let

\mathrm{L}\left(x,\xi \right) = \frac{1}{2}a\left(x\right)\left|\xi \right|^{2}−\mathrm{U}\left(x\right),\:\:x \in Ω;\xi \in ℝ^{n}.

We suppose that

a, U > 0

for

x \in Ω

and that

\lim \limits_{x\rightarrow ∂Ω}\mathrm{U}\left(x\right) = + ∞.

Under some smoothness assumptions, we prove that the Lagrangian system associated with the above Lagrangian

\mathrm{L}

has infinitely many periodic solutions of any period

\mathrm{T}

.

Résumé

Soit

a, U \in C^2(Ω)

où

Ω

est un borné de

ℝ^n

, on pose

\mathrm{L}\left(x,\xi \right) = \frac{1}{2}a\left(x\right)\left|\xi \right|^{2}−\mathrm{U}\left(x\right),\:\:x \in Ω;\xi \in ℝ^{n}.

Nous supposons que

a, U > 0

pour

x \in Ω

et que

\lim \limits_{x\rightarrow ∂Ω}\mathrm{U}\left(x\right) = + ∞.

Moyennant quelques hypothèses de différentiabilité, nous démontrons que le système Lagrangien associé à

\mathrm{L}

a une infinité de solutions

\mathrm{T}

-périodiques, quel que soit

\mathrm{T}

.
The concentration-compactness principle in the Calculus of Variations. The Locally compact case, part 2
Authors: Lions P.L. 
Published: March 2017

In this paper (sequel of Part 1) we investigate further applications of the concentration-compactness principle to the solution of various minimization problems in unbounded domains. In particular we present here the solution of minimization problems associated with nonlinear field equations.

Résumé
Dans cette deuxième partie, nous examinons de nouvelles applications du principe de concentration-compacité à la résolution dedivers problèmes de minimization dans des ouverts non bornés. En particulier nous résolvons des problèmes de minimisation associés aux équations de champ non linéaires.
Harnack inequalities for quasi-minima of variational integrals
Authors: Di Benedetto E. , Trudinger Neil S. 
Published: March 2017

In his fundamental work on linear elliptic equations, De Giorgi established local bounds and Hölder estimates for functions satisfying certain integral inequalities. The main result of this paper is that the Harnack inequality can be proved directly for functions in the De Giorgi classes. This implies that every non-negative Q-minimum (in the terminology of Giaquinta and Giusti) satisfies a Harnack inequality.

Résumé
Dans son travail fondamental sur les équations linéaires elliptiques, De Giorgi a donné des estimations locales et hölderiennes pour des fonctions satisfaisant certaines inégalités intégrales. Le résultat principal de cet article est que l’inégalité de Harnack peut être démontrée directement pour les fonctions appartenant aux classes de De Giorgi. Ceci implique que tout Q-minimum (au sens de Giaquinta et Giusti) non-négatif vérifie une inégalité de Harnack.
On the global Cauchy problem for some non linear Schrödinger equations
Authors: Ginibre J. , Velo G. 
Published: March 2017

We study the Cauchy problem for a class of non linear Schrödinger equations in space time dimension

n + 1

. We look for solutions which are continuous functions of time with values in the Sobolev space

H^k(ℝ^n)

,

k > n/2

. Under suitable assumptions on the interactions, we prove in particular the existence of global solutions for

n ≤ 7

. The global existence proof breaks down for

n ≥ 8

.

Résumé

On étudie le problème de Cauchy pour une classe d’équations de Schrödinger non linéaires en dimension

n + 1

d’espace temps. On cherche des solutions fonctions continues du temps à valeurs dans l’espace de Sobolev

H^k(ℝ^n)

),

k > n/2

. Sous des hypothèses convenables sur les interactions, on prouve en particulier l’existence de solutions globales pour

n ≤ 7

. La démonstration d’existence globale ne s’applique pas pour

n ≥ 8

.
Équations de Monge-Ampère invariantes sur les variétés Riemanniennes compactes
Authors: Delanoё Philippe 
Published: March 2017

Let

(V_n, g)

be a smooth

n

-dimensional compact Riemannian manifold (without boundary). Let

g′

be a mapping which assigns to the second covariant jet (in the metric

g

) of any

C^k

function

φ

on

V_n

,

k ⩾ 2

, a field

g′_{\varphi }

twice covariant and symmetric. We take

g′

such that there exists

φ* \in C^k(V_n)

,

k ⩾ 2

,
admissible
i.e. for which Trace

\left[(g′_{\varphi })^{−1} \cdot \frac{∂g′_{\varphi }}{∂(\nabla ^{2}\varphi )}\right]

is a new
metric
(everywhere positive definite) (see below and e.g. [3, 4, 5, 6]). Then, given F smooth, one may consider the following non-linear elliptic problem of
Monge–Ampère
type: find

φ \in C^∞(V_n)

admissible, solution of the equation,

\mathrm{M}(\varphi ) \equiv (|g′_{\varphi }| \cdot |g|^{−1}) = \exp [\mathrm{F}(\mathrm{P},\nabla \varphi ;\varphi )]

where

P

denotes a generic point of

V_n

(the
admissibility
of

φ

simply means that the symbol of the differential map

d[\mathrm{Log} M(φ)]

is positive definite, hence the ellipticity at

φ

). In the present article we give existence and uniqueness results for such a Monge–Ampère problem, not in its full generality, but when prescribing on

\varphi \rightarrow g′_{\varphi }

to be of a form general to be
invariant by changes of unknown function
of the type

φ → ψ

, where:

\forall P \in V_n

,

ψ(P) ≡ γ[P, φ(P)]

,

γ(P, t)

being a function of

C^∞(V_n × ℝ)

such that

\frac{∂\gamma }{∂t} > 0

.

Résumé

Soit

(V_n, g)

une variété Riemannienne de classe

C^∞

compacte de dimension

n

(sans bord). Soit

g′

une application qui associe au deuxième jet covariant (dans la métrique

g

) de toute fonction

φ

de classe

C^k

sur

V_n

,

k ⩾ 2

, un champ

g′_{\varphi }

deux fois covariant symétrique. On prend

g′

telle qu’il existe

φ\in C^k(V_n)

,

k ⩾ 2

,
admissible
i.e. pour lequel Trace

\left[(g′_{\varphi })^{−1} \cdot \frac{∂g′_{\varphi }}{∂(\nabla ^{2}\varphi )}\right]

soit une nouvelle
métrique
(partout définie positive) (voir ci-après et e.g. [3, 4, 5, 6]). Dès lors, pour F de classe

C^∞

donnée
, on peut considérer le problème non linéaire
elliptique
du type
Monge–Ampère
suivant : trouver

φ\in C^∞(V_n)

admissible, solution de l’équation

\mathrm{M}(\varphi ) \equiv (|g′_{\varphi }| \cdot |g|^{−1}) = \exp [\mathrm{F}(\mathrm{P},\nabla \varphi ;\varphi )]

où

P

désigne un point générique de

V_n

(l’
admissibilité
de

φ

signifie simplement que le symbole de la différentielle

d[\mathrm{log} M(φ)]

est défini positif, d’où l’ellipticité en

φ

). Dans le présent article nous donnons des résultats d’existence et d’unicité pour un tel problème de Monge–Ampère, non pas dans toute sa généralité, mais en imposant à

\varphi \rightarrow g′_{\varphi }

d’être d’une forme suffisamment générale pour être
invariante par changements de fonction inconnue
du type

φ → ψ

, où

\forall P \in V_n

,

ψ(P) = γ[P, φ(P)]

,

γ(P, t)

étant une fonction de

C^∞(V_n × ℝ)

telle que

\frac{∂\gamma }{∂t} > 0

.
Functional viability theorems for differential inclusions with memory
Authors: Haddad Georges 
Published: March 2017

This paper is a study of the relations that must exist between a multivalued dynamical system with memory and constraints depending on the past, in order to have the existence of solutions of the dynamical system satisfying the constraints.
Such solutions are called viable solutions.

Résumé
Ce papier est une étude des relations devant exister entre un système dynamique multivoque avec mémoire et des contraintes d’état dépendant du passé, afin d’assurer pour le système dynamique l’existence de solutions vérifiant les contraintes.
De telles solutions sont appelées des solutions viables.
Quasi-minima
Authors: Giaquinta Mariano , Giusti Enrico 
Published: March 2017

The aim of this paper is to introduce the new notion of quasi-minima (Q-minima) of regular functionals in the calculus of variations.
The interest of this notion lies mainly in its unifying features; it includes among other things minima of variational integrals, solutions of elliptic partial differential equations and systems, quasi-regular mappings.

We prove some regularity results for Q-minima in

L^p

and

C^{0, α}

-spaces as well as qualitative features: Liouville property, weak maximum principle, removal of singularities.

Résumé
Le but de cet article est d’introduire la notion de quasiminima (Q-minima) de fonctionnelles régulières du calcul des variations.
L’intérêt principal de cette notion consiste en son caractère unificateur; elle contient, entre autres choses, les minima d’intégrales variationnelles, les solutions d’équations et de systèmes d’équations aux dérivées partielles de type elliptique, les applications quasi-régulières.

Nous démontrons des résultats de régularité pour les Q-minima dans les espaces

L^p

et

C^{0, α}

; et aussi des propriétés qualitatives comme la propriété de Liouville, le principe du maximum faible, la suppression des singularités.
Shearer's point process, the hard-sphere model, and a continuum Lovász local lemma
Authors: Hofer-Temmel Christoph 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA point process isR-dependent if it behaves independently beyond the minimum distanceR. In this paper we investigate uniform positive lower bounds on the avoidance functions ofR-dependent simple point processes with a common intensity. Intensities with such bounds are characterised by the existence of Shearer's point process, the uniqueR-dependent andR-hard-core point process with a given intensity. We also present several extensions of the Lovász local lemma, a sufficient condition on the intensity andRto guarantee the existence of Shearer's point process and exponential lower bounds. Shearer's point process shares a combinatorial structure with the hard-sphere model with radiusR, the uniqueR-hard-core Markov point process. Bounds from the Lovász local lemma convert into lower bounds on the radius of convergence of a high-temperature cluster expansion of the hard-sphere model. This recovers a classic result of Ruelle (1969) on the uniqueness of the Gibbs measure of the hard-sphere model via an inductive approach of Dobrushin (1996).
A stable particle filter for a class of high-dimensional state-space models
Authors: Beskos Alexandros , Crisan Dan , Jasra Ajay , Kamatani Kengo , Zhou Yan 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We consider the numerical approximation of the filtering problem in high dimensions, that is, when the hidden state lies in ℝd with large d. For low-dimensional problems, one of the most popular numerical procedures for consistent inference is the class of approximations termed particle filters or sequential Monte Carlo methods. However, in high dimensions, standard particle filters (e.g. the bootstrap particle filter) can have a cost that is exponential in d for the algorithm to be stable in an appropriate sense. We develop a new particle filter, called the space‒time particle filter, for a specific family of state-space models in discrete time. This new class of particle filters provides consistent Monte Carlo estimates for any fixed d, as do standard particle filters. Moreover, when there is a spatial mixing element in the dimension of the state vector, the space‒time particle filter will scale much better with d than the standard filter for a class of filtering problems. We illustrate this analytically for a model of a simple independent and identically distributed structure and a model of an L-Markovian structure (L≥ 1, L independent of d) in the d-dimensional space direction, when we show that the algorithm exhibits certain stability properties as d increases at a cost 𝒪(nNd2), where n is the time parameter and N is the number of Monte Carlo samples, which are fixed and independent of d. Our theoretical results are also supported by numerical simulations on practical models of complex structures. The results suggest that it is indeed possible to tackle some high-dimensional filtering problems using the space‒time particle filter that standard particle filters cannot handle.
Subgeometric rates of convergence for Markov processes under subordination
Authors: Deng Chang-Song , Schilling René L. , Song Yan-Hong 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We are interested in the rate of convergence of a subordinate Markov process to its invariant measure. Given a subordinator and the corresponding Bernstein function (Laplace exponent), we characterize the convergence rate of the subordinate Markov process; the key ingredients are the rate of convergence of the original process and the (inverse of the) Bernstein function. At a technical level, the crucial point is to bound three types of moment (subexponential, algebraic, and logarithmic) for subordinators as time t tends to ∞. We also discuss some concrete models and we show that subordination can dramatically change the speed of convergence to equilibrium.
Physiological Evaluation of Cooling Devices in Conjunction With Personal Protective Ensembles Recommended for Use in West Africa
Authors: Quinn Tyler , Kim Jung-Hyun , Strauch Amanda , Wu Tianzhou , Powell Jeffery , Roberge Raymond , Shaffer Ronald , Coca Aitor 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveCooling devices (CDs) worn under personal protective equipment (PPE) can alleviate some of the heat stress faced by health care workers responding to the Ebola outbreak in West Africa.MethodsSix healthy, young individuals were tested while wearing 4 different CDs or no cooling (control) under PPE in an environmental chamber (32°C/92% relative humidity) while walking (3 METs, 2.5 mph, 0% grade) on a treadmill for 60 minutes. Exercise was preceded by a 15-minute stabilization period and a 15-minute donning period.ResultsThe control condition resulted in a significantly higher rectal temperature (Tre) at the end of the exercise than did all CD conditions (CD1,P=0.004; CD2,P=0.01; CD3,P=0.000; CD4,P=0.000) with CD1 and CD2 resulting in a higher Trethan CD3 and CD4 (P<0.05). The control condition resulted in a higher heart rate (HR) at the end of exercise than did the CD3 (P=0.01) and CD4 (P=0.009) conditions, whereas the HR of the CD1 and CD2 conditions was higher than that of the CD3 and CD4 conditions (P<0.05). Weight loss in the control condition was higher than in the CD3 (P=0.003) and CD4 (P=0.01) conditions. Significant differences in subjective measurements of thermal stress were found across conditions and time.ConclusionsUse of CDs can be advantageous in decreasing the negative physiological and subjective responses to the heat stress encountered by health care workers wearing PPE in hot and humid environments. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:573–579)
Analyse comparative et critique de Togeby et Tesnière
Authors: Ducretet-Bol Marie-Paule 
Published: March 2017

L’Objet de cette étude est une analyse comparative et critique de deux ouvrages portant sur la syntaxe structurale du français, celui de Knud TogebyStructure immanente de la langue française(SI) et celui de Lucien TesnièreEléments de syntaxe structurale(ESS).Nous avons essayé de dégager les principes d’analyse syntaxiques utilisés par ces deux auteurs, de marquer dans quelle mesure leur méthode et les résultats qu’ils ont obtenus sont originaux à l’égard de la grammaire traditionnelle et s’ils apportent des solutions suffisantes à tous les problèmes de la syntaxe.
Chromatin-remodeling for transcription
Authors: Lorch Yahli , Kornberg Roger D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe nucleosome serves as a general gene repressor, preventing all initiation of transcription except that which is brought about by specific positive regulatory mechanisms. The positive mechanisms begin with chromatin-remodeling by complexes that slide, disrupt, or otherwise alter the structure and organization of nucleosomes. RSC in yeast and its counterpart PBAF in human cells are the major remodeling complexes for transcription. RSC creates a nucleosome-free region in front of a gene, flanked by strongly positioned +1 and −1 nucleosomes, with the transcription start site typically 10–15 bp inside the border of the +1 nucleosome. RSC also binds stably to nucleosomes harboring regulatory elements and to +1 nucleosomes, perturbing their structures in a manner that partially exposes their DNA sequences. The cryo-electron microscope structure of a RSC–nucleosome complex reveals such a structural perturbation, with the DNA largely unwrapped from the nucleosome and likely interacting with a positively charged surface of RSC. Such unwrapping both exposes the DNA and enables its translocation across the histone octamer of the nucleosome by an ATP-dependent activity of RSC. Genetic studies have revealed additional roles of RSC in DNA repair, chromosome segregation, and other chromosomal DNA transactions. These functions of RSC likely involve the same fundamental activities, DNA unwrapping and DNA translocation.
Prospective longitudinal study on quality of life in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma patients receiving second- or third-line lenalidomide or bortezomib treatment
Authors: Leleu X , Kyriakou C , Vande Broek I , Murphy P , Bacon P , Lewis P , Gilet H , Arnould B , Petrucci M T 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTreatment advances for multiple myeloma (MM) that have prolonged survival emphasise the importance of measuring patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in clinical studies. HRQoL/functioning and symptoms of patients with relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM) receiving second- or third-line lenalidomide or bortezomib treatment were measured in a prospective European multicentre, observational study at different time points. At baseline, patients in the lenalidomide cohort were frailer than in the bortezomib cohort with more rapid disease progression at study entry (more patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status >2, shorter time from diagnosis, more chronic heart failure, higher serum creatinine levels, more patients with dialysis required). About 40% of the patients receiving lenalidomide discontinued the study in <6 months while 55% in the bortezomib cohort discontinued. No substantial HRQoL deterioration was observed for the first 6 months in patients with RRMM receiving one or the other treatment. For patients still on treatment at study completion (month 6), only the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Core domains of Diarrhoea and Global Health Status/QoL had worsened in the lenalidomide and bortezomib cohorts, respectively. A clinically meaningful deterioration in HRQoL was more often observed for patients who discontinued the study prior to 6 months in the bortezomib cohort than in the lenalidomide cohort.
DNA methylation signatures in peripheral blood strongly predict all-cause mortality
Authors: Zhang Yan , Wilson Rory , Heiss Jonathan , Breitling Lutz P. , Saum Kai-Uwe , Schöttker Ben , Holleczek Bernd , Waldenberger Melanie , Peters Annette , Brenner Hermann 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDNA methylation (DNAm) has been revealed to play a role in various diseases. Here we performed epigenome-wide screening and validation to identify mortality-related DNAm signatures in a general population-based cohort with up to 14 years follow-up. In the discovery panel in a case-cohort approach, 11,063 CpGs reach genome-wide significance (FDR<0.05). 58 CpGs, mapping to 38 well-known disease-related genes and 14 intergenic regions, are confirmed in a validation panel. A mortality risk score based on ten selected CpGs exhibits strong association with all-cause mortality, showing hazard ratios (95% CI) of 2.16 (1.10–4.24), 3.42 (1.81–6.46) and 7.36 (3.69–14.68), respectively, for participants with scores of 1, 2–5 and 5+ compared with a score of 0. These associations are confirmed in an independent cohort and are independent from the ‘epigenetic clock’. In conclusion, DNAm of multiple disease-related genes are strongly linked to mortality outcomes. The DNAm-based risk score might be informative for risk assessment and stratification.
IL-21 restricts T follicular regulatory T cell proliferation through Bcl-6 mediated inhibition of responsiveness to IL-2
Authors: Jandl Christoph , Liu Sue M. , Cañete Pablo F. , Warren Joanna , Hughes William E. , Vogelzang Alexis , Webster Kylie , Craig Maria E. , Uzel Gulbu , Dent Alexander , Stepensky Polina , Keller Bärbel , Warnatz Klaus , Sprent Jonathan , King Cecile 
Published: March 2017

AbstractT follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells control the magnitude and specificity of the germinal centre reaction, but how regulation is contained to ensure generation of high-affinity antibody is unknown. Here we show that this balance is maintained by the reciprocal influence of interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-21. The number of IL-2-dependent FoxP3+ regulatory T cells is increased in the peripheral blood of human patients with loss-of-function mutations in the IL-21 receptor (IL-21R). In mice, IL-21:IL-21R interactions influence the phenotype of T follicular cells, reducing the expression of CXCR4 and inhibiting the expansion of Tfr cells after T-cell-dependent immunization. The negative effect of IL-21 on Tfr cells in mice is cell intrinsic and associated with decreased expression of the high affinity IL-2 receptor (CD25). Bcl-6, expressed in abundance in Tfr cells, inhibits CD25 expression and IL-21-mediated inhibition of CD25 is Bcl-6 dependent. These findings identify a mechanism by which IL-21 reinforces humoral immunity by restricting Tfr cell proliferation.
Circulating tumour DNA reflects treatment response and clonal evolution in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Yeh Paul , Hunter Tane , Sinha Devbarna , Ftouni Sarah , Wallach Elise , Jiang Damian , Chan Yih-Chih , Wong Stephen Q. , Silva Maria Joao , Vedururu Ravikiran , Doig Kenneth , Lam Enid , Arnau Gisela Mir , Semple Timothy , Wall Meaghan , Zivanovic Andjelija , Agarwal Rishu , Petrone Pasquale , Jones Kate , Westerman David , Blombery Piers , Seymour John F. , Papenfuss Anthony T. , Dawson Mark A. , Tam Constantine S. , Dawson Sarah-Jane 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSeveral novel therapeutics are poised to change the natural history of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and the increasing use of these therapies has highlighted limitations of traditional disease monitoring methods. Here we demonstrate that circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is readily detectable in patients with CLL. Importantly, ctDNA does not simply mirror the genomic information contained within circulating malignant lymphocytes but instead parallels changes across different disease compartments following treatment with novel therapies. Serial ctDNA analysis allows clonal dynamics to be monitored over time and identifies the emergence of genomic changes associated with Richter’s syndrome (RS). In addition to conventional disease monitoring, ctDNA provides a unique opportunity for non-invasive serial analysis of CLL for molecular disease monitoring.