bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Socio-Economic Position with Technique Failure and Mortality in Australian Non-Indigenous Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: Chan Samuel , Cho Yeoungjee , Koh Yung H. , Boudville Neil C. , Clayton Philip A. , McDonald Stephen P. , Pascoe Elaine M. , Francis Ross S. , Mudge David W. , Borlace Monique , Badve Sunil V. , Sud Kamal , Hawley Carmel M. , Johnson David W. 
Published: February 2017

Background Few studies have examined the relationship between socio-economic position (SEP) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) outcomes, particularly at a country level. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between SEP, technique failure, and mortality in PD patients undertaking treatment in Australia. Methods The study included all Australian non-indigenous incident PD patients between January 1, 1997, and December 31, 2014, using Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant (ANZDATA) Registry data. The SEP was assessed by quartiles of postcode-based Australian Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA), including Index of Relative Socio-economic Advantage and Disadvantage (IRSAD – primary index), Index of Relative Socio-economic Disadvantage (IRSD), Index of Economic Resources (IER), and Index of Education and Occupation (IEO). Technique and patient survival were evaluated by multivariable Cox proportional hazards survival analyses. Results The study included 9,766 patients (mean age 60.6 ± 15 years, 57% male, 38% diabetic). Using multivariable Cox regression, no significant association was observed between quartiles of IRSAD and technique failure (30-day definition p = 0.65, 180-day definition p = 0.68). Similar results were obtained using competing risks regression. However, higher SEP, defined by quartiles of IRSAD, was associated with better patient survival (Quartile 1 reference; Quartile 2 adjusted hazards ratio [HR] 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.86 – 1.06; Quartile 3 HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77 – 0.99; Quartile 4 HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.76 – 0.97). Similar results were found when IRSD was analyzed, but results were no longer statistically significant for IER and IEO. Conclusions In Australia, where there is universal free healthcare, SEP was not associated with PD technique failure in non-indigenous PD patients. Higher SEP was generally associated with improved patient survival.
Comparison of Topical Chlorhexidine and Mupirocin for the Prevention of Exit-Site Infection in Incident Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: Htay Htay , Johnson David W. , Wu Sin Yan , Oei Elizabeth Ley , Foo Marjorie Wai Yin , Choo Jason Chon Jun 
Published: February 2017

Objective Prevention of exit-site infection (ESI) is of paramount importance to peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of chlorhexidine in the prevention of ESI in incident PD patients compared with mupirocin. Methods This retrospective, pre-test/post-test observational study included all incident PD patients at Singapore General Hospital from 2012 to 2015. Patients received daily topical exit-site application of either mupirocin (2012 – 2013) or chlorhexidine (2014 – 2015) in addition to routine exit-site cleaning with 10% povidone-iodine. The primary outcome was ESI rate during the 2 time periods. Secondary outcomes were peritonitis rate, times to first ESI and peritonitis, hospitalization rate, and infection-related catheter removal. Event rates were analyzed using Poisson regression, and infection-free survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression survival analyses. Results The study included 162 patients in the mupirocin period (follow-up 141.5 patient-years) and 175 patients in the chlorhexidine period (follow-up 136.9 patient-years). Compared with mupirocin-treated patients, chlorhexidine-treated patients experienced more frequent ESIs (0.22 vs 0.12 episodes/patient-year, p = 0.048), although this was no longer statistically significant following multivariable analysis (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.98 – 3.26, p = 0.06). No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups with respect to time to first ESI ( p = 0.10), peritonitis rate ( p = 0.95), time to first peritonitis ( p = 0.60), hospitalization rate ( p = 0.21) or catheter removal rate (0.03 vs 0.04/patient-year, p = 0.56). Conclusions Topical exit-site application of chlorhexidine cream was associated with a borderline significant, higher rate of ESI in incident PD patients compared with mupirocin cream.
Nursing Care For Patients Experiencing Clinical Complications During Haemodialysis
Authors: Queiroga Linhares Viviane , Formiga Bezerra Anne Milane , Andrade Duarte de Farias Maria do Carmo , Gadelha Pereira de Carvalho Guilherme , Campos de Medeiros Raquel , Felix de Alencar Lima Maryama Naara , Nunes da Silva Edineide , Fontenele Albuquerque Francisco Geyson 
Published: February 2017

Introduction: Patients with chronic renal disease treated by haemodialysis experience various changes in their daily lives, which they and their families need to adapt to and cope with.
Objective: To analyse the nursing care of patients with chronic renal failure on haemodialysis who experience clinical complications.
Method: A descriptive, exploratory study was conducted, using a quantitative approach. Data collection was performed using a sample of 73 patients at the Hemodialysis Center located at city of Patos-PB. The sample comprised 73 patients.
Results: 27 (37.0%) were female, aged between 20 and 88 years old. It was found that employees are 49.3% of respondents, in consonance to farmers with 31.5%. The most common complications were weakness (76.7%), headache (46.6%), cramp (43.8%) and pain (32.9%).
Conclusion: The trusting relationship between professionals and patients is paramount, because helps to improve adherence to treatment and, consequently, the reduction of complications; furthermore, educational and preventive actions are facilitated.
The Re-Acceleration of Galactic Electrons at the Heliospheric Termination Shock
Authors: Prinsloo P. L. , Potgieter M. S. , Strauss R. D. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Observations by the Voyager spacecraft in the outer heliosphere presented several challenges for the paradigm of diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) at the solar wind termination shock (TS). In this study, the viability of DSA as a re-acceleration mechanism for galactic electrons is investigated using a comprehensive cosmic-ray modulation model. The results demonstrate that the efficiency of DSA depends strongly on the shape of the electron spectra incident at the TS, which in turn depends on the features of the local interstellar spectrum. Modulation processes such as drifts therefore also influence the re-acceleration process. It is found that re-accelerated electrons make appreciable contributions to intensities in the heliosphere and that increases caused by DSA at the TS are comparable to intensity enhancements observed by Voyager 1 ahead of the TS crossing. The modeling results are interpreted as support for DSA as a re-acceleration mechanism for galactic electrons at the TS.
The Color and Stellar Mass Dependence of Small-scale Galaxy Clustering in SDSS-III BOSS
Authors: Law-Smith Jamie , Eisenstein Daniel J. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We measure the color and stellar mass dependence of clustering in spectroscopic galaxies at 0.6 < z < 0.65 using data from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey component of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We greatly increase the statistical precision of our clustering measurements by using the cross-correlation of 66,657 spectroscopic galaxies to a sample of 6.6 million fainter photometric galaxies. The clustering amplitude w(R) is measured as the ratio of the mean excess number of photometric galaxies found within a specified radius annulus around a spectroscopic galaxy to that from a random photometric galaxy distribution. We recover many of the familiar trends at high signal-to-noise ratio. We find the ratio of the clustering amplitudes of red and blue massive galaxies to be

in our smallest annulus of 75–125 kpc. At our largest radii (2–4 Mpc), we find

. Red galaxies therefore have denser environments than their blue counterparts at z ∼ 0.625, and this effect increases with decreasing radius. Irrespective of color, we find that w(R) does not obey a simple power-law relation with radius, showing a dip around 1 Mpc. Holding stellar mass fixed, we find a clear differentiation between clustering in red and blue galaxies, showing that clustering is not solely determined by stellar mass. Holding color fixed, we find that clustering increases with stellar mass, especially for red galaxies at small scales (more than a factor of 2 effect over 0.75 dex in stellar mass).
Chemical Cartography. I. A Carbonicity Map of the Galactic Halo
Authors: Lee Young Sun , Beers Timothy C. , Kim Young Kwang , Placco Vinicius , Yoon Jinmi , Carollo Daniela , Masseron Thomas , Jung Jaehun 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We present the first map of carbonicity, [C/Fe], for the halo system of the Milky Way, based on a sample of over 100,000 main-sequence turnoff stars with available spectroscopy from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. This map, which explores distances up to 15 kpc from the Sun, reveals clear evidence for the dual nature of the Galactic halo, based on the spatial distribution of stellar carbonicity. The metallicity distribution functions of stars in the inner- and outer-halo regions of the carbonicity map reproduce those previously argued to arise from contributions of the inner- and outer-halo populations, with peaks at [Fe/H] = −1.5 and −2.2, respectively. From consideration of the absolute carbon abundances for our sample, A(C), we also confirm that the carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars in the outer-halo region exhibit a higher frequency of CEMP-no stars (those with no overabundances of heavy neutron-capture elements) than of CEMP-s stars (those with strong overabundances of elements associated with the s-process), whereas the stars in the inner-halo region exhibit a higher frequency of CEMP-s stars. We argue that the contrast in the behavior of the CEMP-no and CEMP-s fractions in these regions arises from differences in the mass distributions of the mini-halos from which the stars of the inner- and outer-halo populations formed, which gives rise in turn to the observed dichotomy of the Galactic halo.
Masses of the Planetary Nebula Central Stars in the Galactic Globular Cluster System from HST Imaging and Spectroscopy∗
Authors: Jacoby George H. , Marco Orsola De , Davies James , Lotarevich I. , Bond Howard E. , Harrington J. Patrick , Lanz Thierry 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The globular cluster (GC) system of our Galaxy contains four planetary nebulae (PNe): K 648 (or Ps 1) in M15, IRAS 18333-2357 in M22, JaFu 1 in Pal 6, and JaFu 2 in NGC 6441. Because single-star evolution at the low stellar mass of present-epoch GCs was considered incapable of producing visible PNe, their origin presented a puzzle. We imaged the PN JaFu 1 with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to obtain photometry of its central star (CS) and high-resolution morphological information. We imaged IRAS 18333-2357 with better depth and resolution, and we analyzed its archival HST spectra to constrain its CS temperature and luminosity. All PNe in Galactic GCs now have quality HST data, allowing us to improve CS mass estimates. We find reasonably consistent masses between 0.53 and 0.58 M
⊙ for all four objects, though estimates vary when adopting different stellar evolutionary calculations. The CS mass of IRAS 18333-2357, though, depends strongly on its temperature, which remains elusive due to reddening uncertainties. For all four objects, we consider their CS and nebula masses, their morphologies, and other incongruities to assess the likelihood that these objects formed from binary stars. Although generally limited by uncertainties (∼0.02 M
⊙) in post-AGB tracks and core mass versus luminosity relations, the high-mass CS in K 648 indicates a binary origin. The CS of JaFu 1 exhibits compact, bright [O iii] and Hα emission, like EGB 6, suggesting a binary companion or disk. Evidence is weaker for a binary origin of JaFu 2.
Velocity Anisotropy in Self-gravitating Molecular Clouds. I. Simulation
Authors: Otto Frank , Ji Weiguang , Li Hua-bai 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The complex interplay between turbulence, magnetic fields, and self-gravity leads to the formation of molecular clouds out of the diffuse interstellar medium (ISM). One avenue of studying this interplay is by analyzing statistical features derived from observations, where the interpretation of these features is greatly facilitated by comparisons with numerical simulations. Here we focus on the statistical anisotropy present in synthetic maps of velocity centroid data, which we derive from three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of a turbulent, magnetized, self-gravitating patch of ISM. We study how the orientation and magnitude of the velocity anisotropy correlate with the magnetic field and with the structures generated by gravitational collapse. Motivated by recent observational constraints, our simulations focus on the supersonic (sonic Mach number


≈
2
–
17

) but sub- to trans-alfvénic (alfvénic Mach number



A

≈
0.2
–
1.2

) turbulence regime, and we consider clouds that are barely to mildly magnetically supercritical (mass-to-flux ratio equal to once or twice the critical value). Additionally we explore the impact of the turbulence driving mechanism (solenoidal or compressive) on the velocity anisotropy. While we confirm previous findings that the velocity anisotropy generally aligns well with the plane-of-sky magnetic field, our inclusion of the effects of self-gravity reveals that in regions of higher column density, the velocity anisotropy may be destroyed or even reoriented to align with the gravitationally formed structures. We provide evidence that this effect is not necessarily due to the increase of



A

inside the high-density regions.
Evidence for a Hard Ionizing Spectrum from a z = 6.11 Stellar Population
Authors: Mainali Ramesh , Kollmeier Juna A. , Stark Daniel P. , Simcoe Robert A. , Walth Gregory , Newman Andrew B. , Miller Daniel R. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We present the Magellan/FIRE detection of highly ionized C iv
λ1550 and O iii]λ1666 in a deep infrared spectrum of the z = 6.11 gravitationally lensed low-mass galaxy RXC J2248.7-4431-ID3, which has previously known Lyα. No corresponding emission is detected at the expected location of He ii
λ1640. The upper limit on He ii, paired with detection of O iii] and C iv, constrains possible ionization scenarios. Production of C iv and O iii] requires ionizing photons of 2.5–3.5 Ryd, but once in that state their multiplet emission is powered by collisional excitation at lower energies (∼0.5 Ryd). As a pure recombination line, He ii emission is powered by 4 Ryd ionizing photons. The data therefore require a spectrum with significant power at 3.5 Ryd but a rapid drop toward 4.0 Ryd. This hard spectrum with a steep drop is characteristic of low-metallicity stellar populations, and less consistent with soft AGN excitation, which features more 4 Ryd photons and hence higher He ii flux. The conclusions based on ratios of metal line detections to helium non-detection are strengthened if the gas metallicity is low. RXJ2248-ID3 adds to the growing handful of reionization-era galaxies with UV emission line ratios distinct from the general

population in a way that suggests hard ionizing spectra that do not necessarily originate in AGNs.
The Origin of Solar Filament Plasma Inferred from In Situ Observations of Elemental Abundances
Authors: Song H. Q. , Chen Y. , Li B. , Li L. P. , Zhao L. , He J. S. , Duan D. , Cheng X. , Zhang J. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Solar filaments/prominences are one of the most common features in the corona, which may lead to energetic coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and flares when they erupt. Filaments are about 100 times cooler and denser than the coronal material, and physical understanding of their material origin remains controversial. Two types of scenarios have been proposed: one argues that the filament plasma is brought into the corona from photosphere or chromosphere through a siphon or evaporation/injection process, while the other suggests that the material condenses from the surrounding coronal plasma due to thermal instability. The elemental abundance analysis is a reasonable clue to constrain the models, as the siphon or evaporation/injection model would predict that the filament material abundances are close to the photospheric or chromospheric ones, while the condensation model should have coronal abundances. In this Letter, we analyze the elemental abundances of a magnetic cloud that contains the ejected filament material. The corresponding filament eruption occurred on 1998 April 29, accompanying an M6.8 class soft X-ray flare located at the heliographic coordinates S18E20 (NOAA 08210) and a fast halo CME with the linear velocity of 1374 km s−1 near the Sun. We find that the abundance ratios of elements with low and high first ionization potential such as Fe/O, Mg/O, and Si/O are 0.150, 0.050, and 0.070, respectively, approaching their corresponding photospheric values 0.065, 0.081, and 0.066, which does not support the coronal origin of the filament plasma.
Debout avec la terre
Authors: Glowczewski Barbara 
Published: February 2017

De plus en plus de mouvements activistes luttant contre la destruction des milieux de vie, notamment par les industries extractives qui précipitent les transformations climatiques et empoisonnent les eaux et l’air, cherchent des alliances et des sources d’inspiration auprès de peuples autochtones, tels les Aborigènes d’Australie, qui n’ont pas la même vision de la Terre que celle consistant à nier la nature sous prétexte qu’elle aurait succombé aux technologies humaines. Il est proposé ici de répondre à la réduction des ontologies en anthropologie par une « slow anthropology » qui soit « Debout avec la terre », fondée sur une expérience de terrain écosophiquement inspirée des visions et de la créativité des peuples autochtones et de leurs alliés en passant par la SF selon Haraway, Stengers et Meillassoux.
Politiques climatiques : cessons de vouloir payer pour esquiver nos responsabilités !
Authors: Billette de Villemeur Étienne , Leroux Justin 
Published: February 2017

Nous explorons une alternative aux instruments économiques existants pour lutter contre les changements climatiques : la création de créances carbone. Par ces dernières, les différents pays sont rendus responsables des dommages climatiques avérés, pour lesquels ils sont amenés à payer au rythme de leur occurrence. La perspective de ces paiements suffit à discipliner les différents acteurs et conduit à l’efficience. Le contournement de la problématique du taux d’escompte et le fait que les paiements soient uniquement basés sur des dommages avérés pourraient faciliter les accords internationaux et conduire à une répartition plus équitable des coûts et des risques.
Castle or not Castle : les frontières d’un objet dans l’Angleterre du xie siècle
Authors: De Souza Taveira Iris Maer 
Published: February 2017

Qu’est-ce que c’est qu’un château ? Quels sont les éléments qui permettent de les différencier des forteresses bâties avant les transformations politico-sociales des xe et xie siècles ? Cet article a pour objectif de soulever quelques observations concernant les « frontières » d’un objet et de son approche. Nous nous concentrerons plus spécifiquement sur le contexte médiéval anglais et son rapport avec le contexte français ainsi que ses dépendances vis-à-vis d’autres traditions, telles que celles de Rome et de la Scandinavie.
Du terroir au territoire
Authors: Dorison Antoine 
Published: February 2017

Au milieu du xiiie siècle de notre ère, un nouveau groupe humain colonise l’ouest du bassin de Zacapu, dans le nord du Michoacán actuel. Il y édifie des sites à caractère urbain d’une densité inédite pour la région qui peuvent accueillir plusieurs milliers d’habitants. Dans cette région déjà occupée, leur construction et leur développement en seulement deux siècles (ces sites sont abandonné au début du xve siècle apr. J.-C.) provoquent une pression démographique importante et poussent à discuter de l’organisation territoriale locale. Un remodelage qui semble notamment influencé par l’appropriation par les nouveaux arrivants de l’environnement et de ses ressources. Il semble qu’on trouve des échos de ce phénomène dans l’histoire mythique de la création du Royaume tarasque telle qu’elle est contée par les anciens de l’élite de cette civilisation au xvie siècle. C’est à travers une approche combinant archéologie spatiale classique et géoarchéologie que l’on tente d’identifier les modalités de ce changement pour comprendre dans quelle mesure il a pu générer des frontières (physiques et culturelles) ou des alliances.
Dynamiques territoriales et culturelles à la « frontière » de la cité de Métaponte
Authors: Bilbao Zubiri Eukene 
Published: February 2017

La diaspora grecque en Méditerranée à l’époque archaïque a longtemps été vue par l’historiographie sous l’angle de la « colonisation » et de l’« hellénisation », effaçant de manière systématique les spécificités propres aux différentes régions et cultures. Dans le cas de Métaponte (Italie du sud), l’idée d’une rupture radicale avec le site de l’Incoronata a souvent été retenue, mais les fouilles récentes et une reprise des données anciennes permettent de reposer le problème de la naissance de cette cité et des rapports qu’elle entretenait avec les communautés contemporaines. À travers une double approche topographique et matérielle, centrée sur l’occupation du territoire et l’analyse stylistique des terres cuites, cette contribution cherche à comprendre la façon dont les Métapontins ont façonné leur cité et pris part dans les réseaux d’échanges dans la seconde moitié du viie siècle av. J.-C. par le biais de ses sanctuaires. Cette démarche a comme objectif de réévaluer les notions de « rupture » et de « frontière » dans ce dossier problématique et d’intégrer l’étude de Métaponte dans les courants interprétatifs plus nuancés de notre époque.