bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resistance pattern and profile of patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis at a tertiary care center
Authors: Kumar Pratik , Toppo Amardeepak , Pradhan Sagarika 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Studies on resistance pattern and profile of patients with drug resistant tuberculosis (DRTB) are valuable as they provide insights into what are the rates of DRTB locally. Based on these data, treatment may be optimized. They also help in prevention of spread of DRTB elsewhere due to appropriate treatment.

Objective:
The objective is to study drug resistance pattern and profile of patients with DRTB.

Materials and Methods:
The present study was record-based study among records of 194 DRTB patients from December 2021 to May 2024. Their age, sex, height, and weight were recorded. From height and weight, body mass index was calculated. Patient status like pulmonary or extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) was noted. Resistance pattern was also observed.

Results:
The incidence of DRTB was most common in 19–39 years (47.9%). Males were more affected (70.1%). Underweight was most common (78.3%). Pulmonary TB was most common form of TB (93.3%). Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) was most commonly seen (64.9%). Pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) was next common (14.9%). XDR-TB was seen in only two cases. Majority (46.9%) were started on shorter oral regimen (Bedaquiline) followed by all oral longer regimen in 34%. All cases of extrapulmonary TB had MDR-TB and no one had XDR-TB or pre-XDR-TB.

Conclusion:
Thus, we conclude that young adults, males were commonly affected. Underweight is very common in these cases. Pulmonary TB is the leading form of TB in DRTB patients. XDR-TB is not so common form in DRTB cases. Pre-XDR-TB is more common than XDR-TB.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan Kewirausahaan Dan Efikasi Diri Terhadap Minat Berwirausaha Mahasiswa Program Studi Ekonomi Syariah Institut Agama Islam Yasni Bungo
Authors: Najib M , Kurniadi Sandy , Hamzah Iri 
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan kewirausahaan dan efikasi diri terhadap minat berwirausaha mahasiswa program studi ekonomi syariah institut agama islam yasni bungo. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif Inferensial dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada responden untuk mengumpulkan data. Populasi pada penelitian ini diambil dengan menggunakan teknik probability sampling dan didapat jumlah sampel sebesar 75 responden yang ditemui saat penelitian. Perhitungan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan bantuan program SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciene). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai Fhitung lebih besar dari Ftabel, atau nilai Fhitung sebesar 36,077 lebih besar dari nilai Ftabel sebesar 3.124 yang berarti secara simultan atau bersama-sama terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada variabel Pengetahuan Kewirausahaan (X1) dan Efikasi Diri (X2) terhadap minat berwirausaha mahasiswa program studi ekonomi syariah Institut Agama Islam Yasni Bungo. Secara parsial terlihat bahwa semua variabel bebas (pengetahuan kewirausahaan dan efikasi diri) berpengaruh terhadap Minat berwirausaha, yaitu Variabel Pengetahuan Kewirausahaan (X1) sebesar 2.269 lebih besar dari Ttabel 1,993 dan variabel Efikasi Diri (X2) sebesar 6,016 lebih besar dari Ttabel 1,993. Berdasarkan hasil yang dilihat dari koefesien beta, variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap Minat berwirausaha mahasiswa program studi ekonomi syariah Institut Agama Islam Yasni Bungo ialah variabel efikasi diri yang memiliki koefesien beta sebesar 0,794. Besarnya pengaruh variabel pengetahuan kewirausahaan dan efikasi diri secara bersama-sama ditunjukkan dari hasil determinasi (Uji R) dimana diperoleh nilai R Square sebesar 0,501 atau 50,1 %.
Exploring Knowledge and Perceptions of Level Learning Outcomes and Meta-Skills in a Creative Business School Context
Authors: Bremner Pauline , Pirie Elliot , Marcella-Hood Madeleine , Singleton Anne 
Published: October 2024

Much has been written about the necessity for graduates to be aware of their skill set and transferability for the workplace. Degree programs in Scotland have long relied on guidance from the Quality Assurance Agency (QAA) on the taxonomy or wording of level learning outcomes (LLOs), which are the building blocks of degrees. More recently, a meta-skills framework created by Skills Development Scotland (SDS) offers clarity around meta-skills and suggests relevant wording, but these do not always align with academic taxonomies. The current research sought to explore the relationship between LLOs and meta-skills further from an academic and student perspective. A qualitative approach consisting of staff interviews and student focus groups from a range of creative business courses was adopted. A thematic analysis revealed gaps in staff and student understanding of LLOs and meta-skill terminology. The findings support the argument that skills should be linked more obviously to modular learning and recommendations are made as to how these could be communicated effectively to aid understanding around the transferability of university-acquired skills to the workplace.
Food allergy in children: treatment challenges and outcome standardization
Authors: Fyodorova L. A. , Petrova Yu. V. , Levina D. M. , Korsunsky I. A. , Korsunsky A. A. , Munblit D. B. 
Published: October 2024

Relevance. Food allergy (FA) is an important public health concern, particularly among children, with an increasing prevalence. It is associated with a significant decrease in the quality of life for patients and their families due to the need to avoid allergens and the risk of severe allergic reactions, such as anaphylaxis. Despite active research, the primary treatment remains elimination diets, which limit patients’ options and highlight the need for new therapeutic solutions.Aim of the review. This review aims to summarize the current treatment methods for food allergy, discuss the challenges in evaluating the effectiveness of interventions, and highlight the importance of standardizing outcomes in clinical trials to improve comparability and practical relevance.Content. The review discusses modern therapeutic approaches for food allergy, such as oral, epicutaneous, and sublingual immunotherapies, which have shown positive results in achieving tolerance to allergens. Special attention is given to safety concerns, particularly for children, emphasizing the need for further research. The potential use of biological agents, such as omalizumab, in food allergy treatment is also explored. The review addresses challenges in choosing and standardizing endpoints in clinical trials, where most focus on desensitization and immunological markers, while patient-centered outcomes, such as quality of life, remain under-researched. The implementation of “core outcome sets” is highlighted as an important step toward improving data comparability and forming a more objective basis for clinical recommendations.Conclusions. The review emphasizes significant progress in food allergy treatment but notes the need for further research to ensure the safety of new therapies, particularly for children. Standardizing outcomes in clinical trials plays a key role in improving the quality and comparability of research, which will, in turn, help develop more effective clinical guidelines and improve patients’ quality of life.
TREC and KREC values in patients with congenital heart defects — neonatal screening data
Authors: Barycheva L. Yu. , Bachieva L. I. , Puchkov A. A. , Selezneva J. G. , Kozmova N. A. 
Published: October 2024

Relevance. Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at high risk of infectious complications with unfavorable outcomes, which is associated with inadequate immune responses. TREC and KREC are recognized biomarkers of T- and B-cell lymphopoiesis.Objective of the study: to evaluate the number of circular DNA segments — TREC and KREC in children with congenital heart defects.Materials and methods. The study used data from neonatal screening for primary immunodeficiencies in the Stavropol region from January 1, 2023, to June 30, 2024. An analysis of TREC and KREC was conducted in 43 newborns with CHD compared to healthy infants.Results. The levels of TREC and KREC in children with CHD were lower than in healthy children. A correlation was established between TREC levels and absolute lymphopenia, as well as the development of infectious complications. A decrease in KREC was identified in infants with CHD and genetic syndromes. It was shown that a TREC level of less than 650 copies per 105 cells may be a predictor of the development of infectious complications in newborns with CHD.Conclusions. The reduction in the number of TREC and KREC copies in neonatal screening allows for the identification of children with CHD at high risk of infection, opening potential opportunities for preventive therapy.
Factores vinculados a la mortalidad de tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) por estreptococosis causada por contaminación con Streptococcus agalactiae en granjas acuícolas del Distrito de Riego de Atiocoyo, El Salvador
Authors: Polio-Martinez M. , Buendía C. , Vasquez-Jandres M. , Romero-Rivera M. , Palacios-Valladares J. , Vásquez-Hernandez K. , Perdomo-Ramirez Y. 
Published: October 2024

Las enfermedades causadas por bacterias y parásitos representan un serio problema para el cultivo de tilapia. Una de las causas principales de mortalidad de tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) en los estanques de cultivo es la contaminación de los peces con la bacteria Streptococcus agalactiae. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar los factores vinculados a la mortalidad de tilapia debida a estreptococosis producidas por S. agalactiae, en granjas acuícolas del Distrito de Riego de Atiocoyo, El Salvador, durante el periodo de marzo a junio, 2022. Se realizo muestreo de tilapia, agua y alimento en 28 estanques del referido distrito, para identificar en dichas matrices, la presencia de S. agalactiae y su correspondiente serotipo. Como resultado, se encontró que la bacteria responsable de la estreptococcosis está presente únicamente en la tilapia, siendo los serotipos 1a y III pertenecientes al gen cps1aH y cps1a/2/3I de la región del Polisacarido Capsular (CPS). Adicionalmente, se evaluaron algunos parámetros fisicoquímicos del agua en los estanques. Los resultados revelaron una relación entre la presencia de S. agalactiae y niveles bajos de oxígeno disuelto en el agua, altas temperaturas y elevadas concentraciones de iones fosfato y amonio por encima de niveles permitidos.
Nguồn lực nuôi thủy sản ao đìa vùng Đầm Nha Phu – Trường hợp 3 xã/phường Ninh Ích, Ninh Lộc Và Ninh Hà
Authors: Nguyễn Văn Quỳnh Bôi , Cao Trần Quân  , Nguyễn Thị Toàn Thư  
Published: October 2024

Nghiên cứu nguồn lực đối với nuôi thủy sản ao đìa ở 3 xã/phường Ninh Ích, Ninh Lộc và Ninh Hà được tiến hành từ 11/2022 đến tháng 08/2023 theo phương pháp điều tra – khảo sát. Phân tích kết quả dựa theo khung sinh kế bền vững (DFID, 2009) cho thấy về mặt tổng thể nguồn lực đối với hoạt động nuôi thủy sản ao đìa có nhiều hạn chế. Diện tích ao đìa đối với mỗi hộ rất khác nhau. Đồng thời, tỷ lệ (%) số hộ có diện tích ao đìa thấp hơn diện tích trung bình cao (thấp nhất lên đến 55,96% ở Ninh Hà) và tỷ lệ số hộ hoàn toàn phải thuê ao đìa khá cao (thấp nhất đạt 35,23% ở Ninh Lộc). Hoạt động cấp nước còn gặp những bất cập với chất lượng nước không ổn định. Bên cạnh đó, diện tích rừng ngập mặn thấp so với quy hoạch, đặc biệt ở Ninh Lộc (5,0 ha so với 36,74 ha) và Ninh Hà (2,78 ha so với 29,80 ha) và chỉ vừa mới tăng nhẹ (lần lượt 0,7 ha ở Ninh Hà và 7,0 ha ở Ninh Lộc) trong những năm gần đây. Mặc dù có kinh nghiệm (5 – 40 năm), đa số lao động nuôi ao đìa có trình độ học vấn thấp (trên 40% có trình độ cấp II ở cả ba địa phương) và nguồn nhân lực có trình độ chuyên môn rất thấp (kỹ sư NTTS chỉ chiếm 0,65% trong toàn bộ nhân lực nuôi ao đìa của các hộ). Nhận định ban đầu cho thấy nguồn lực tài chính thay đổi tùy theo điều kiện riêng nhưng nhìn chung khó có khả năng đóng góp nhiều trong đáp ứng rủi ro về sinh kế. Về mặt tổng thể, nguồn lực vật lý không đáp ứng hoạt động nuôi ao đìa của các cộng đồng thuộc khu vực nghiên cứu, đặc biệt là nguồn cung cấp điện và hệ thống cấp – thoát nước ở Ninh Hà và Ninh Lộc với tỷ lệ phản hồi (%) từ 0 đến 19,32. Trong khi, nguồn lực xã hội chỉ thể thể hiện vai trò ở những nhóm nhỏ nhưng rất hạn chế ở cấp độ cộng đồng.
Từ khóa: đầm Nha Phu, nguồn lực, nuôi thủy sản ao đìa
Abuso infantil: diagnóstico, prevenção e tratamento em ambientes familiares e extrafamiliares
Authors: Corsso Cristiane del , Xavier Windylma Marques Pinto , Rodrigues Thamy Braga , Bezerra Ana Raisa Salles , Ramirez Yudelsi Galan , Lopes Eduardo Henrique Grecco , Joaquim Matheus de Souza , Souza Erverson Francisco de , Ferreira Aquila Marcelle Dias 
Published: October 2024

O abuso infantil é um grave problema de saúde pública e direitos humanos, com impactos profundos e duradouros nas vítimas. Este artigo apresenta uma revisão sistemática sobre as melhores práticas de diagnóstico, prevenção e tratamento do abuso infantil, destacando lacunas na literatura e oferecendo recomendações para profissionais e formuladores de políticas. A revisão abrangeu estudos entre 2000 e 2024, analisados qualitativa e quantitativamente. A qualidade metodológica foi assegurada por ferramentas de avaliação de viés. Os resultados indicam que famílias envolvidas em abuso infantil frequentemente enfrentam problemas como abuso de substâncias, violência doméstica e dificuldades econômicas. A prevenção pode ser abordada com intervenções como visitas domiciliares, educação parental e estratégias preventivas. O diagnóstico requer uma análise cuidadosa de discrepâncias nas histórias e sinais clínicos. O abuso sexual infantil, em especial, exige uma abordagem multidisciplinar que priorize a segurança da criança. As consequências do abuso infantil são profundas e afetam o desenvolvimento físico e emocional das vítimas. Fatores de risco, como violência doméstica e pobreza, estão fortemente associados ao abuso. Apesar da eficácia de programas de educação parental e visitas domiciliares para prevenir abusos físicos, há lacunas na prevenção de abuso sexual e emocional. Conclui-se que é necessário desenvolver estratégias preventivas mais robustas e adaptadas a contextos de alta vulnerabilidade, para reduzir a incidência e os impactos do abuso infantil.
Lived Experiences of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Leaders in U.S. Music Education Professional Associations
Authors: Salvador Karen , Sierzega Amy 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Music education professional associations (MEPAs) are membership-based nonprofit organizations focused on advancing music education through actions including professional development, policy work, and advocacy. In this instrumental case study, we interviewed diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) leaders from MEPAs in the United States (N  = 16) to elicit self-reports of their leadership experiences. Participants identified the deep, personal work involved in enacting and sustaining DEI efforts. They reported experiences of harm in DEI work and described progress toward liberation for people of color as a slow, exhausting slog. Participants’ responses also indicated movement toward intersectional approaches to equity and justice. MEPA DEI leader experiences have important implications for advancing equity and justice in music education, including the need for MEPA leadership to consider ways institutional logics create harm and take steps to support and uplift people who are striving for equity and justice within the organizations, including through compensation, solidarity, and structural changes.
Апробация «специализированных полиграфных тестов», направленных на выявление обстоятельств получения лицом первой информации о преступлении
Authors: Свободный Б.Ф. , Свободный Ф.К. 
Published: October 2024

При производстве исследований с использованием полиграфа в ходе расследования преступлений специалисты зачастую не проводят отдельного исследования с целью выявления обстоятельств получения испытуемым первой информации о преступлении. В научной и методической литературе отсутствует описание «полиграфных тестов», предназначенных для выявления источников, времени, места и способов получения испытуемым первой информации о преступлении. С целью определения эффективности разработанных авторами «специализированных полиграфных тестов» был проведен анализ 57 служебных расследований, в ходе которого результаты тестов сопоставлялись с общим итогом расследования. Проведенный анализ показал высокую эффективность «специализированных полиграфных тестов» по выявлению информации об обстоятельствах получения лицом первой информации о преступлении.
When conducting research using a polygraph during the investigation of crimes, specialists often do not conduct a separate study in order to identify the circumstances in which the subject received the first information about the crime. There is no description of “polygraph tests” in the scientific and methodological literature, designed to identify sources, time, place and ways for the subject to receive the first information about the crime. In order to determine the effectiveness of the “specialized polygraph tests” developed by the authors, an analysis of 57 official investigations was conducted, during which the test results were compared with the overall outcome of the investigation. The analysis showed the high effectiveness of “specialized polygraph tests” to identify information about the circumstances of a person receiving the first information about a crime.
Septic Hip Arthritis in Children: A Comparison of Arthrocentesis and the Double Luminal Drainage Catheter
Authors: Ben Zoor Ilai , Abboud Fadi , Mshiel Wasim , Assaf Michael , Nasrallah Khalil , Deltoff Marshall , Shtarker Haim 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Septic hip arthritis in children is an orthopaedic emergency. While the well-established surgical treatment is open arthrotomy, several minimally invasive techniques have been offered as alternatives in recent years. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcome of a continuous double luminal drainage catheter (DLDC) with repeated arthrocentesis, in the treatment of septic hip arthritis in children.

Methods:
Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for all patients aged 1 to 18 years diagnosed with septic hip arthritis between 2005 and 2020 and treated with either DLDC or arthrocentesis. The clinical outcomes of 17 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were compared. 8 were treated using DLDC, and 9 were treated by arthrocentesis. All patients had a follow-up period of 12 months after treatment.

Results:
In the DLDC group, the catheter was inserted continuously, with a median of 4 days. A single aspiration sufficed in 8 of 9 patients. The duration of hospitalization was significantly longer (P = 0.004) in the DLDC group (mean 21.6 SD 10.04 days), compared with the arthrocentesis group (mean 9.2 SD 1.7 days). The median time until patients returned to normal gait was 12 days (range 4 to 110) in the DLDC group, compared with 8 days (range 7 to 14) in the arthrocentesis group. None of the patients required open arthrotomy, and no infection recurrence was observed.

Discussion:
In conclusion, while both suggested minimally invasive techniques may be safe and efficient in the treatment of septic hip arthritis in children, arthrocentesis is associated with a shorter duration of hospitalization. However, continuous drainage with a DLDC may be a better modality for severe cases. Additional research is needed to determine specific indications, considering the widely accepted benchmark of open arthrotomy.

Level of Evidence:
III
Patient-Reported Outcome Measures After Direct Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty Are Comparable Between Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis: A Propensity-Matched Analysis
Authors: Clark Sean C. , Rudisill Samuel S. , Reuter Zachary C. , Couch Cory G. , Taunton Michael J. , Hevesi Mario 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
It is currently unclear whether patients with rheumatoid arthritis have similar functional outcomes after total hip arthroplasty (THA) as those with osteoarthritis, particularly given that rheumatoid arthritis may have systemic manifestations in terms of pain and function. The purpose of this study was to compare patient-reported outcome measures between patients with rheumatoid arthritis and matched control patients with osteoarthritis who underwent direct anterior THA.

Methods:
All patients who underwent direct anterior THA from 2010 to 2022 at a single academic institution were retrospectively reviewed. Hips with rheumatoid arthritis were propensity matched to hips with osteoarthritis on a 1:4 basis. Patient-reported outcome measures, including visual analog scale (VAS) pain at rest and with use, Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Pain, and Forgotten Joint Score-12, were obtained at follow-up. In addition, modified Harris Hip Scores (mHHS) were obtained both preoperatively and at the final follow-up.

Results:
Forty-six hips with rheumatoid arthritis and 184 hips with osteoarthritis were followed for a mean of 6.3 ± 3.6 years. Both cohorts demonstrated notable preoperative to postoperative improvements in mHHS (P < 0.001). No differences were observed at the final follow-up between cohorts for VAS at rest (0.8 vs. 0.5, P = 0.333), VAS with use (1.3 vs. 0.9, P = 0.234), Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Pain (90.4 vs. 93.6, P = 0.113), Forgotten Joint Score-12 (80.3 vs. 82.8, P = 0.529), and mHHS (86.9 vs. 89.0, P = 0.335). One patient with rheumatoid arthritis had an intraoperative periprosthetic calcar fracture, whereas none underwent subsequent revision THA.

Conclusion:
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis who underwent direct anterior THA achieved comparable outcomes in this propensity-matched analysis. Although patients with rheumatoid arthritis may be at an increased risk of complications and revision surgery, patients can expect reduced pain and improved functional outcomes similar to those with osteoarthritis following primary THA.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Kolaborasi Pembelajaran PAK BP Metode PBL Berbantuan Video Kelas VII SMP Negeri 3 Juhar Tahun 2024/2025.
Authors: Esa Indriyani Br Sembiring  , Ansel Joko  , Roida Roida  
Published: October 2024

Collaboration Ability is one of the skills of the 21st Century which is believed to have an influence on learning success, but often this skill is simply missed in learning This research aims to increase student collaboration in Catholic Religious Education subjects in grade VII-1 SMP NEGERI 3 Juhar by using the Problem Based Learning learning model. This research is a Classroom Action Research that aims to overcome problems in the classroom. The subject of the study is students in grades VII-1 of SMP NEGERI 3 Juhar who are Catholic for the 2023/2024 school year, totaling 8 students. The research is carried out in two cycles and at the end of each cycle is reflected on the actions given. The data collection technique in the study uses observation sheets, and documentation. The results of the study show that the implementation of learning using the video-assisted Problem Based Learning learning model in Catholic Religious Education subjects can improve students' collaboration skills. This is shown from the results of the percentage of completeness which was initially only 41.7% with the proficient category in the first cycle to 58.3% with the advanced category in the second cycle.