bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water defluoridation by alumina modified Turkey clinoptilolite: equilibrium, kinetic models and experimental design approaches
Authors: Selimoglu Selim , Simsek Esra Bilgin , Beker Ulker 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
In the current work, alumina modified natural zeolite (Z-Al) was used for fluoride adsorption in aqueous solution. Effects of process parameters such as pH, temperature, initial concentration and contact time were investigated. Box–Behnken design was found effective in defining the operating conditions for fluoride sorption onto Z-Al. Confirmatory experiments were conducted to examine the reliability of the regression equation. The predicted (2.261 mg g−1) and experimental (2.289 mg g−1) capacities were found to be similar, demonstrating the accuracy of the model. The fluoride adsorption onto Z-Al was well described by the Freundlich model. Kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order reaction. Thermodynamic parameters depicted that the fluoride adsorption on the alumina modified zeolite was a spontaneous and exothermic process. The co-existing ions affected the defluoridation performance significantly. Regeneration of exhausted Z-Al was achieved with H2SO4.
Optimización de energía en sistemas de bombeo
Authors: Sabogal Abril Bernardo Roger , Palacios Peñaranda Jairo Arcesio , Pantoja Tovar Cristhian Libardo 
Published: May 2017

Se realizó un estudio de optimización energética en sistemas de bombeo, resaltando el impacto de los variadores de frecuencia, con el objetivo de proponer un modelo para diagnosticar sistemas de bombeo que permitieran valorar la disminución del consumo energético. Se hizo una búsqueda y recopilación de las teorías aplicadas a: sistemas de bombeo, motores de corriente alterna, variadores de frecuencia y su uso en las industrias. Se propuso el modelo de diagnóstico y se desarrollaron mediciones en un banco de pruebas; se analizaron los datos recopilados con una herramienta desarrollada en Excel, que permitió caracterizar el sistema; se realizó una simulación que consistió en asignarle unos porcentajes de uso de la curva de carga; se demostró un ahorro energético, si el sistema logró operar en un punto de mayor eficiencia. Se analizaron las pruebas con el variador de velocidad, las cuales presentaron un ahorro mayor de energía debido al menor consumo de potencia. La herramienta desarrollada en Excel permitió, a través de datos iniciales, calcular la curva de carga de todo el sistema, la eficiencia de la bomba, el motor, el conjunto motor variador (en el caso del uso del variador de frecuencia) y control del motor o arrancador (centro de control de motores).
A Theoretical Investigation of the Decomposition and Reactivity of the CHF2CF2CF2OCH2O• Radical from HFE-356pcc3 between 200 and 400 K
Authors: Hoseinpour Sajedin , Izadi-Vasafi Hossein , Azimi Mona , Kazemi Ali 
Published: May 2017

This investigation involves the ab initio quantum mechanical study of the decomposition and reactivity of the CHF2CF2CF2OCH2O• radical that is formed from CHF2CF2CF2OCH3 (HFE-356pcc3). The geometries of the reactants, products and transition states were optimised at the B3LYP and B3PW91 levels of theory using the 6-311G(d,p) basis set. Five important pathways for the decomposition and reactivity of CHF2CF2CF2OCH2O• were investigated: (1) reaction with atmospheric O2, (2) reaction with atmospheric •OH radical, (3) C–O bond cleavage, (4) H elimination and (5) the migration of hydrogen from carbon to oxygen and then C–O bond cleavage, with energy barriers of 4.4 (5.0), 11.9 (12.4), 17.0 (17.3), 20.4 (19.4) and 32.2 (32.6) and 15.5 (16.7) kcal mol−1 respectively [values in parentheses are for the B3PW91/6-311G(d,p) level of theory]. Rate constants were calculated by utilising canonical transition state theory in the range 200–400 K and the corresponding Arrhenius diagrams have been plotted. The results showed that the rates of decomposition and reaction increase with increasing temperature. Also, between 200 and 306 K, path (1) has the highest rate constant: moreover, it was concluded that reaction with atmospheric O2 is the dominant pathway for the consumption of CHF2CF2CF2OCH2O• in the atmosphere. An intrinsic reaction coordinate calculation was performed to confirm the existence of a transition state on the corresponding potential energy surface.
Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of antidiabetic activity of novel indoline derivatives
Authors: Manoharan Dhineshkumar , Kulanthai Kannan , Sadhasivam Gnanavel , Raji Vijayan , Thayumanavan Paalvannan 
Published: May 2017

Series of indoline derivatives were synthesized using N-(4-aminophenyl)indoline-1-carbothiamide as a precursor. The confirmation of synthesized compounds was done by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, LC-MS (ESI) and FT-IR. In vitro antidiabetic activity of synthesized indoline derivatives were examined by standard ?-amylase inhibition assay. The compounds 4a (IC50 = 52.1 µg/mL) and 4b (IC50 = 57.7 µg/mL) showed potent ?-amylase inhibition activity. The compounds 3a (IC50 = 62.2 µg/mL) and 3b (IC50 = 60.7 µg/mL) showed moderate antidiabetic activity.
Video Clip of Methodology:
19 min 21 sec Full Screen Alternate
Cultural Stereotypes and Negotiations in Sámi Cinema
Authors: Mecsei Monica Kim 
Published: May 2017

This chapter provides a history of representations of Sámi peoples in Norwegian cinema over the past century, from the various remakes of Laila to comedies in the 1960s and 1970s indigenous rights documentaries. Mecsei examines recent developments in film production and Sámi language policies through the opening of the International Sámi Film Center in Guovdageaidnu-Kautokeino, Norway. The chapter outlines the history of the emergence of Sami self-representational film narratives through an analysis of the fiction feature films of Nils Gaup, including his groundbreaking films Pathfinder (1987) and The Kautokeino Rebellion (2008). Mecsei traces the further development of the diversity of Sámi feature filmmaking in two very distinct films: Paul-Anders Simma’s Minister of State (1997) and Lars Göran Pettersson’s Bázo (2003).
Preston Sturges and Screwball Comedy
Authors: Grindon Leger 
Published: May 2017

This chapter reviews key elements in the screwball cycle (1934-1942) of Hollywood romantic comedy, positioning The Lady Eve (1941) and The Palm Beach Story (1942) as late examples of screwball. The essay argues for a dark current of vengeance in The Lady Eve and emphasizes cartoon sexuality in The Palm Beach Story. Finally the essay notes the influence of Sturges on contemporary romantic comedy cinema.
Radical Calendars: The Commune Rising in Postbellum Internationalism
Authors: Coghlan J. Michelle 
Published: May 2017

This chapter uncovers the spectacular afterlife of the Commune as the cornerstone of radical internationalism as a lived practice in the postbellum moment. Tracing the ways annual festivals and celebrations of the Commune, complete with oratory, tableaux-vivants, and dancing, united an array of American radicals, I show how these performances of memory drew on the audacious internationalism of the Commune uprising to create both a counter-calendar and a counter-memory of the Commune’s failure. Reading Lucy Parsons, Voltairine de Cleyre and Emma Goldman’s writings on the Commune alongside and against both this cycle of leftist remembrance and the cycle of anxious reprinting these festivals received in mainstream U.S. newspapers makes, I argue, the remarkably vibrant and radically internationalist cultures of leftist memory in the long nineteenth century at once more visible and more audible, allowing us to hear beyond the limits of print as an archive of radical memory and lived feeling.
Phylogeography and genetic structure of endemic Acmispon argophyllus and A. dendroideus (Fabaceae) across the California Channel Islands
Authors: Wallace Lisa E. , Wheeler Gregory L. , McGlaughlin Mitchell E. , Bresowar Gerald , Helenurm Kaius 
Published: May 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Taxa inhabiting the California Channel Islands exhibit variation in their degree of isolation, but few studies have considered patterns across the entire archipelago. We studied phylogeography of insular Acmispon argophyllus and A. dendroideus to determine whether infraspecific taxa are genetically divergent and to elucidate patterns of diversification across these islands.METHODS:DNA sequences were collected from nuclear (ADH) and plastid genomes (rpL16, ndhA, psbD‐trnT) from >450 samples on the Channel Islands and California. We estimated population genetic diversity and structure, phylogenetic patterns among populations, and migration rates, and tested for population growth.KEY RESULTS:Populations of northern island A. argophyllus var. niveus are genetically distinct from conspecific populations on southern islands. On the southern islands, A. argophyllus var. argenteus populations on Santa Catalina are phylogenetically distinct from populations of var. argenteus and var. adsurgens on the other southern islands. For A. dendroideus, we found the varieties to be monophyletic. Populations of A. dendroideus var. traskiae on San Clemente are genetically differentiated from other conspecific populations, whereas populations on the northern islands and Santa Catalina show varying degrees of gene flow. Evidence of population growth was found in both species.CONCLUSIONS:Oceanic barriers between islands have had a strong influence on population genetic structure in both Acmispon species, although the species have differing phylogeographic patterns. This study provides a contrasting pattern of dispersal on a near island system that does not follow a strict stepping‐stone model, commonly found on isolated island systems.
Anisotomous dichotomy results from an unequal bifurcation of the original shoot apical meristem in Diphasiastrum digitatum (Lycopodiaceae)
Authors: Yin Xiaofeng , Meicenheimer Roger D. 
Published: May 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Two types of dichotomy are recognized in Lycopodiaceae: isotomous (equal) and anisotomous (unequal). Anisotomous dichotomy (anisotomy) has been hypothesized to result from unequal growth of an equal bifurcation of the original shoot apical meristem (SAM). Diphasiastrum digitatum (Lycopodiaceae) exhibits anisotomy at various locations. We thus used D. digitatum to test this classic hypothesis about anisotomy.METHODS:Transverse areas of original and derived SAMs of anisotomy exhibited by the rhizome and the vertical aerial vegetative stem were measured using scanning electron microscopy. The difference between half of the original SAM and one derived SAM in terms of transverse area were compared using paired t‐tests.KEY RESULTS:During the anisotomy exhibited by the rhizome SAM, 77.4% of the transverse area of the original rhizome SAM contributed to the derived rhizome SAM. During the first anisotomy exhibited by the vertical aerial vegetative stem SAM, 66.2% of the transverse area of the original vertical aerial vegetative stem SAM contributed to the derived vertical aerial vegetative stem SAM. During the second anisotomy exhibited by the vertical aerial vegetative stem SAM, 49.4% of the transverse area of the original vertical aerial vegetative stem SAM contributed to the derived vertical aerial vegetative stem SAM. Nonetheless, the shape of the two derived SAMs differed though they did not differ in size.CONCLUSIONS:In D. digitatum, anisotomy results from an unequal bifurcation of the original SAM. This finding sheds light on plant body architecture evolution as well as plant organ (megaphyllous leaf) evolution.
La « radicalisation » : une pensée à partir d’un cas clinique
Authors: Jaccard Annabelle 
Published: May 2017

La radicalisation islamiste, qui est une articulation du religieux avec la politique et l’histoire, est un phénomène du registre collectif qui résonne au niveau individuel. On peut le voir du point de vue psychanalytique comme un symptôme. Nous devons « attraper » cela par nos moyens de l’analyse, par une écoute singulière de la personne. Ce que les djihadistes nous révèlent, c’est qu’un individu fait face au problème d’en devenir un aujourd’hui. Pour penser à la subjectivité avec laquelle nous travaillons, nous avons mené une recherche en maison d’arrêt à partir d’entretiens d’inspiration psychanalytique, avec des détenus pour association de malfaiteurs en relation avec une entreprise terroriste. L’objectif de la recherche a été de comprendre les enjeux subjectifs de la radicalisation islamique aujourd’hui. Il s’agira ici de penser à partir d’un cas clinique exposé, les processus qui ont amené une personne vers son acte singulier pris dans un phénomène collectif, culturel et historique. La recherche d’un idéal et des limites, sont parmi les enjeux clés qui ont pu amener un jeune à partir en Syrie et de risquer sa vie.
Érostrate et Alexandre : les avatars de la pulsion de mort
Authors: Allali Sébastien 
Published: May 2017

L’hypothèse freudienne de la pulsion de mort expliquerait la constance, dans l’histoire humaine, des conflits et des guerres. Elle considère comme naïve l’idée d’une paix universelle qui repose sur une anthropologie rousseauiste candide qui fait fi de la nature humaine et de la contribution de la pulsion de mort à la vie elle-même. Les figures diamétralement opposées d’Érostrate, le premier terroriste de l’histoire, et d’Alexandre le Grand, illustrent les formes diverses que peut prendre cette pulsion et la façon dont la destructivité humaine peut être aussi bien condamnée moralement que sublimée ou valorisée. L’hypothèse n’en reste pas moins dérangeante et elle dut faire face aux résistances de Freud lui-même, qui n’y parvint qu’à la fin de ses recherches cliniques et théoriques. Elle provoqua la rupture de Freud avec certains de ses disciples, notamment Otto Gross et Wilhelm Reich, devenus les pères du « freudo-marxisme ». Cet article repose sur une minutieuse lecture des écrits de ces derniers et de leur correspondance avec Freud, qui nous a permis de clarifier le nœud de la divergence doctrinale entre l’orthodoxie freudienne et le freudo-marxisme : la pulsion de mort.
L’apport de la théorie de la violence fondamentale et du groupal dans une cure individuelle
Authors: Vivier-Vacheret Claudine 
Published: May 2017

Dans ce texte, je tente d’articuler les apports de la théorie de la violence fondamentale élaborée par Jean Bergeret avec la théorie psychanalytique de groupe à partir de la conception du complexe fraternel chez René Kaës. Tout semble éloigner ces deux approches qui, pourtant, sont bien utiles ensemble, pour comprendre l’emboîtement de deux niveaux de conflits bien différents : le niveau œdipien et le niveau de conflit primitif archaïque violent. Ces deux niveaux permettent de ne pas confondre ce qui se joue de l’ordre de la rivalité et ce qui relève d’un mouvement primitif violent qui n’est que de la légitime défense psychique. Ceci évite bien des risques de proposer une interprétation qui ne serait pas du juste niveau de conflit et passerait à côté des vrais enjeux d’un travail long et difficile de cure individuelle. Penser groupalement le sujet et son complexe fraternel et penser le violent dans cette cure m’ont été deux approches théoriques bien utiles pour faire le chemin qui restait à élaborer. Il fallait éviter d’interpréter le conflit œdipien alors que les enjeux étaient narcissiques primitifs et violents mais sans aucune libido ni jouissance, une violence vitale, seulement pour se sentir exister.
Le paradoxe du conflit
Authors: Tiscini Giorgia 
Published: May 2017

Le pari de cet article est de considérer le conflit dans son non-lien avec le passage à l’acte. De ce non-lien émerge notre hypothèse du paradoxe du conflit, qui amène à explorer d’une façon nouvelle l’intersection entre le social et le subjectif. Rompant la continuité du conflit, le passage à l’acte est une discontinuité, une rupture : dans l’acte, le conflit n’est plus. Ce repère est particulièrement important pour penser la clinique en milieu carcéral. Notre démonstration repose, d’une part, sur le « dualisme » freudien (pulsion de vie-pulsion de mort) et, d’autre part, sur le « ternaire » lacanien rsi (Réel-Symbolique-Imaginaire). Le dualisme freudien montre l’importance du conflit au niveau de l’inconscient, le ternaire lacanien permet d’analyser le passage à l’acte, que nous chercherons à élucider à travers trois vignettes cliniques. Ainsi, l’institution-prison, notre terrain d’étude, nous a amenés à cette hypothèse paradoxale que le passage à l’acte résulte de l’ absence de conflit, au niveau de l’inconscient.
Aeroallergens Induce Reactive Oxygen Species Production and DNA Damage and Dampen Antioxidant Responses in Bronchial Epithelial Cells
Authors: Chan Tze Khee , Tan W. S. Daniel , Peh Hong Yong , Wong W. S. Fred 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Exposure to environmental allergens is a major risk factor for asthma development. Allergens possess proteolytic activity that is capable of disrupting the airway epithelium. Although there is increasing evidence pointing to asthma as an epithelial disease, the underlying mechanism that drives asthma has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the direct DNA damage potential of aeroallergens on human bronchial epithelial cells and elucidated the mechanisms mediating the damage. Human bronchial epithelial cells, BEAS-2B, directly exposed to house dust mites (HDM) resulted in enhanced DNA damage, as measured by the CometChip and the staining of DNA double-strand break marker, γH2AX. HDM stimulated cellular reactive oxygen species production, increased mitochondrial oxidative stress, and promoted nitrosative stress. Notably, expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2–dependent antioxidant genes was reduced immediately after HDM exposure, suggesting that HDM altered antioxidant responses. HDM exposure also reduced cell proliferation and induced cell death. Importantly, HDM-induced DNA damage can be prevented by the antioxidants glutathione and catalase, suggesting that HDM-induced reactive oxygen and nitrogen species can be neutralized by antioxidants. Mechanistic studies revealed that HDM-induced cellular injury is NADPH oxidase (NOX)-dependent, and apocynin, a NOX inhibitor, protected cells from double-strand breaks induced by HDM. Our results show that direct exposure of bronchial epithelial cells to HDM leads to the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that damage DNA and induce cytotoxicity. Antioxidants and NOX inhibitors can prevent HDM-induced DNA damage, revealing a novel role for antioxidants and NOX inhibitors in mitigating allergic airway disease.
Decrease in Numbers of Naive and Resting B Cells in HIV-Infected Kenyan Adults Leads to a Proportional Increase in Total and Plasmodium falciparum–Specific Atypical Memory B Cells
Authors: Frosch Anne E. , Odumade Oludare A. , Taylor Justin J. , Ireland Kathleen , Ayodo George , Ondigo Bartholomew , Narum David L. , Vulule John , John Chandy C. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is associated with B cell activation and exhaustion, and hypergammaglobulinemia. How these changes influence B cell responses to coinfections such as malaria is poorly understood. To address this, we compared B cell phenotypes and Abs specific for the Plasmodium falciparum vaccine candidate apical membrane Ag-1 (AMA1) in HIV-infected and uninfected adults living in Kenya. Surprisingly, HIV-1 infection was not associated with a difference in serum AMA1-specific Ab levels. HIV-infected individuals had a higher proportion of total atypical and total activated memory B cells (MBCs). Using an AMA1 tetramer to detect AMA1-specific B cells, HIV-infected individuals were also shown to have a higher proportion of AMA1-specific atypical MBCs. However, this proportional increase resulted in large part from a loss in the number of naive and resting MBCs rather than an increase in the number of atypical and activated cells. The loss of resting MBCs and naive B cells was mirrored in a population of cells specific for an Ag to which these individuals were unlikely to have been chronically exposed. Together, the data show that changes in P. falciparum Ag–specific B cell subsets in HIV-infected individuals mirror those in the overall B cell population, and suggest that the increased proportion of atypical MBC phenotypes found in HIV-1–infected individuals results from the loss of naive and resting MBCs.
Adoptive Transfer of Phosphoantigen-Specific γδ T Cell Subset AttenuatesMycobacterium tuberculosisInfection in Nonhuman Primates
Authors: Qaqish Arwa , Huang Dan , Chen Crystal Y. , Zhang Zhuoran , Wang Richard , Li Shengpu , Yang Enzhuoa , Lu Yang , Larsen Michelle H. , Jacobs William R. , Qian Lixia , Frencher James , Shen Ling , Chen Zheng W. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe dominant Vγ2Vδ2 T cell subset recognizes phosphoantigen and exists only in humans and nonhuman primates. Despite the discovery of γδ T cells &gt;30 y ago, a proof-of-concept study has not been done to prove the principle that the Vγ2Vδ2 T cell subset is protective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other infections. In this study, we used an adoptive cell–transfer strategy to define the protective role of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells in a primate tuberculosis (TB) model. Vγ2Vδ2 T cells for adoptive transfer displayed central/effector memory and mounted effector functions, including the production of anti–M. tuberculosis cytokines and inhibition of intracellular mycobacteria. They also expressed CXCR3/CCR5/LFA-1 trafficking/tissue-resident phenotypes and consistently trafficked to the airway, where they remained detectable from 6 h through 7 d after adoptive transfer. Interestingly, the test group of macaques receiving transfer of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells at weeks 1 and 3 after high-dose (500 CFU) M. tuberculosis infection exhibited significantly lower levels of M. tuberculosis infection burdens in lung lobes and extrapulmonary organs than did the control groups receiving PBLs or saline. Consistently, adoptive transfer of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells attenuated TB pathology and contained lesions primarily in the infection site of the right caudal lung lobe, with no or reduced TB dissemination to other lobes, spleen, or liver/kidney; in contrast, the controls showed widespread TB dissemination. The proof-of-concept finding supports the view that the dominant Vγ2Vδ2 T cell subset may be included in the rational design of a TB vaccine or host-directed therapy.