bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arachnoid Cysts in Athletes with Sports-Related Concussion: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Stevens Andrew R. , Yakoub Kamal M. , Davies David J. , Belli Antonio , O’Halloran Philip J. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Arachnoid cysts (AC) are associated with a risk of rupture or haemorrhage following head impact and pose a potential predisposing factor for significant complications of sport-related concussion. Despite a recognised association between ACs and intracranial haemorrhage/cyst rupture, the risk profile of participating in contact sports with AC is not well defined. We report a retrospective case series of players presenting to the Birmingham Sports Concussion Clinic between 2017 and 2023 and underwent MRI head, with a comprehensive review of the prior literature.

Results
432 athletes underwent MRI of which 11 were identified to have AC (middle fossa n = 8; posterior fossa n = 2, intraventricular n = 1). Average maximal diameter was 4.1 ± 1.2 cm. 64% had a protracted recovery (≥ 3 months). 9% experienced an AC specific complication (cyst rupture, complete neurological recovery, maximal diameter 6.5 cm, Galassi II, 4 previous concussions). 91% of patients (mean maximal diameter 3.9 ± 1.0 cm) experienced no complications despite multiple previous accumulated sports-related concussions (mean 3.3, range 1–9). Case studies from the literature are summarised (n = 63), with 98% reporting complications, none of which resulted in adverse or unfavourable neurological outcomes. Across prospective and retrospective cohort studies, 1.5% had a structural injury, and (where outcome was reported) all had a favourable outcome.

Conclusions
AC is an incidental finding in athletes, with the majority in our cohort having sustained serial concussions without AC complication. The single complication within this cohort occurred in the largest AC, and AC size is proposed as a tentative factor associated with increased risk of contact sports participation. Complications of AC appear to be a rare occurrence. This case series and review has not identified evidence to suggest that participation in sports with AC is of significant risk, though individualised assessment and discussion of the potential risks of contact sports participation should be offered.
From CFOs to crypto: exploratory study unraveling factors in corporate adoption
Authors: Campino José , Rodrigues Bruna 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCryptocurrency adoption has gained significant attention across various fields owing to its disruptive potential and associated challenges. However, companies' adoption of cryptocurrencies remains relatively low. This study aims to comprehensively examine the factors influencing cryptocurrency adoption, their interrelationships, and their relative importance. To achieve this objective, we employ a Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) approach coupled with network analysis tools. By adopting a practical approach rather than a purely theoretical one, our unique contribution lies in the valuable insights derived from experienced Chief Financial Officers (CFOs) of various companies with experience in both traditional finance and cryptocurrencies. Furthermore, the unique blend of analytical rigor and industry expertise supports the study's relevance, offering nuanced insights that are not only academically robust but also immediately applicable in the corporate landscape. Our findings highlight the paramount importance of safety in transactions and trust in the chosen platform for companies considering cryptocurrency adoption. Additionally, criteria such as faster transactions without geographical limitations, lower transaction fees, seamless integration with existing systems, and potential cost savings are identified as crucial drivers. Both the DEMATEL approach and network analysis reveal strong interconnections among the criteria, emphasizing their interdependence and, notably, their reliance on transactional safety. Furthermore, our causes and effects analysis indicates that CFOs perceive company-led cryptocurrency adoption to positively impact the broader cryptocurrency market.
A review of methods for the analysis of diagnostic tests performed in sequence
Authors: Fanshawe Thomas R. , Nicholson Brian D. , Perera Rafael , Oke Jason L. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Many clinical pathways for the diagnosis of disease are based on diagnostic tests that are performed in sequence. The performance of the full diagnostic sequence is dictated by the diagnostic performance of each test in the sequence as well as the conditional dependence between them, given true disease status. Resulting estimates of performance, such as the sensitivity and specificity of the test sequence, are key parameters in health-economic evaluations. We conducted a methodological review of statistical methods for assessing the performance of diagnostic tests performed in sequence, with the aim of guiding data analysts towards classes of methods that may be suitable given the design and objectives of the testing sequence.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science for relevant papers describing methodology for analysing sequences of diagnostic tests. Papers were classified by the characteristics of the method used, and these were used to group methods into themes. We illustrate some of the methods using data from a cohort study of repeat faecal immunochemical testing for colorectal cancer in symptomatic patients, to highlight the importance of allowing for conditional dependence in test sequences and adjustment for an imperfect reference standard.

Results
Five overall themes were identified, detailing methods for combining multiple tests in sequence, estimating conditional dependence, analysing sequences of diagnostic tests used for risk assessment, analysing test sequences in conjunction with an imperfect or incomplete reference standard, and meta-analysis of test sequences.

Conclusions
This methodological review can be used to help researchers identify suitable analytic methods for studies that use diagnostic tests performed in sequence.
Prevalence of household food insecurity and its association with food waste
Authors: Diana Rian , Martianto Drajat , Baliwati Yayuk F. , Sukandar Dadang , Hendriadi Agung 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Household food waste significantly contributes to overall food waste. While the relationship between food security and food waste has been extensively studied at the macro level, there is a need for research focusing on the quantitative association between food security and food waste at the household level in developing countries, particularly in Southeast Asia. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of household food insecurity and household food waste and to examine the association between household food security and food waste using direct measurements.

Subjects and methods
A total of 215 households in Bogor Regency, Indonesia, participated in this cross-sectional study. Food waste was measured using waste composition analysis and a 7-day diary. The Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) questionnaire was used to assess household food security, while household income and the proportion of food expenditure were considered confounding factors. The association between food security and food waste was examined using Kendall tau-b and ordinal logistic regression.

Results
The prevalence of household food insecurity was 18.6%, and the average household food waste was 77 kg/cap/year. Cereals, tubers, and their derivatives (especially rice) and vegetables were major contributors to edible waste, while fruits dominated inedible waste. A negative association was observed between food waste and household food security (edible FW: p = 0.044, r = -0.110; total FW: p = 0.038, r = -0.114), suggesting that household food waste decreases as the severity of food insecurity increases. However, after adjusting for household income, the proportion of food expenditure, and the education levels of spouses, this association became statistically insignificant (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
There was no significant association between household food security status and food waste. Household income plays a significant role in determining the quantity of household food waste, as higher income is associated with increased food waste. Strategies to prevent and reduce food waste should focus on major contributors such as rice and vegetables, especially among families with higher food accessibility.
Reliability of pre-resection ligament tension assessment in imageless robotic assisted total knee replacement
Authors: Yee Dennis K. H. , Leung Jonathan T. C. , Chu Vikki , Man Gene , Lam Gloria Y. T. , Lau Jimmy K. Y. , Choi Tsz-Lung , Chau Wai-Wang , Ng Jonathan Patrick , Ong Michael Tim-Yun , Ho Kevin Ki-Wai , Yung Patrick Shu-Hang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Ligament tension balance is a major determinant for the success of total knee replacement (TKR). The present study aimed at determining the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability in performing ligament tension assessment using an imageless robotic-assisted TKR.

Methods
Twenty-four knees in 21 patients who received robotic-assisted TKR for end-stage varus osteoarthritis were examined. Three orthopedic specialists and six orthopedic trainees participated in the operations. Data from the ligament tension assessment were collected during the operations.

Results
For the inter-rater reliability, “extension medial” and “flexion medial” had excellent reliability whilst “extension lateral” and “flexion lateral” had good-to-excellent reliability. For the intra-rater reliability, “extension medial” showed excellent reliability, “extension lateral” and “flexion medial” showed good-to-excellent reliability, and “flexion lateral” showed moderate-to-excellent reliability.

Conclusions
Robotic-assisted technology provides a reliable solution to improve ligament tension assessment. All ligament tension assessments with the use of the technology could demonstrate at least good-to-excellent reliability except for the intra-rater reliability of “flexion lateral”.
T2 mapping post acute myocardial infarction: a novel technique in assessing myocardial edema
Authors: Elsaid Maha Mourad Mohyeldin , Mosaad Basant Mohamed Raief , Hassan Hend Galal Eldeen Mohamed Ali , Amin Youssef Mohamed Mohamed Fahmy , Ibrahim Ahmed Samir 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objective
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is considered the gold standard imaging modality for assessing myocardial infarction lesions, offering precise myocardial tissue characterization. Elevated transverse relaxation time (T2) serves as a specific indicator of increased myocardial water content, thus becoming a valuable index for myocardial edema. However, conventional T2-weighted CMR sequence exhibits several limitations, primarily providing qualitative information. In contrast, recently developed quantitative T2 mapping techniques overcome these limitations, enabling a more reliable assessment of myocardial edema. These techniques offer the advantage of diagnosing and monitoring myocardial injury without the necessity of contrast agents. Our study aims to add to a growing literature demonstrating the efficacy of quantitative T2 mapping technique to detect and quantify regions of myocardial edema post-myocardial infarction.

Result
Native T1 and T2 mapping accurately identified myocardial edema in all patients enrolled in the study. Notably, native T1 and T2 values exhibited a significant elevation in the infarcted myocardium compared to the remote myocardium (for T1: 1295.50 ± 87.65 vs. 1074.95 ± 92.86 ms, respectively; and for T2: 74.63 ± 6.51 vs. 52.53 ± 6.26 ms, respectively; p < 0.0001 for both). Microvascular obstruction was observed in 12 out of 20 patients, affecting one or more myocardial segments within the infarct areas. Among this subgroup, regions with a microvascular obstruction within the infarct zone displayed lower T1 and T2 values compared to areas of infarction without microvascular obstruction (for T1: 1115.05 ± 64.70 vs. 1295.50 ± 87.65 ms, respectively; and for T2: 53.65 ± 3.56 vs. 74.63 ± 6.51 ms, respectively; p < 0.0001 for both). Additionally, we provided reference values for myocardial T1 and T2 specific to our facility’s 1.5 Tesla CMR system, applicable to both infarct and remote myocardium.

Conclusion
Parametric T1 and T2 mapping techniques can detect and quantify myocardial edema resulting from myocardial infarction. The presence of microvascular obstruction that results from revascularization injury affects both T1 and T2 values. This information can be used and has broad clinical implications for diagnosis and guiding or monitoring the treatment of myocardial infarction.
Healthcare providers' perspectives on corticosteroid-containing drugs: a cross-sectional study in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Barakat Muna , Malaeb Diana , El Ouweini Ahmad , Aburuz Salah , ZainAlabdin Sham , El Khatib Omar , Sadek Bassem , Nassar Razan I. , Akour Amal 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Addressing knowledge and concerns related to corticosteroid is essential to enhance patient care, promote optimal utilization, and minimize their potential side effects.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess knowledge and attitudes regarding corticosteroid use among healthcare providers (HCPs) in the United Arab Emirates using a validated questionnaire. Knowledge, attitudes, and fear items were described as frequency and percentages. Then, a total score was calculated; multilinear regression was used to see the effect of demographics on these scores.

Results
Among 129 HCPs, 100 had previously prescribed corticosteroids (77.5%), with intranasal spray being the most dispensed dosage form (89.0%). Respiratory diseases were the most reported indication for corticosteroid dispensing (93.0%). HCPs preferred corticosteroids for their ability to quickly relief of patients' symptoms (67.0%). About 60.0% identified increased appetite as a patient-reported side effect. The assessment of the HCPs' knowledge showed a median score of 10 out of 11 (IQR = 9–11). The median fear score was six out of 10 (IQR = 4–10), but they were significantly and conversely related to each other.

Conclusion
This study revealed that while HCPs in the UAE possess substantial knowledge regarding corticosteroid use, their concerns, particularly around side effects, indicate a need for further education. Addressing these concerns through targeted educational programs could enhance the safe and effective utilization of corticosteroids, ultimately improving patient care outcomes.
Less Artificial, More Intelligent: Understanding Affinity, Trustworthiness, and Preference for Digital Humans
Authors: Seymour Mike , Yuan Lingyao (Ivy) , Riemer Kai , Dennis Alan R. 
Published: September 2024

Practice- and policy-oriented abstract:Companies are increasingly deploying highly realistic digital human agents (DHAs) controlled by advanced AI for online customer service, tasks typically handled by chatbots. We conducted four experiments to assess users’ perceptions (trustworthiness, affinity, and willingness to work with) and behaviors while using DHAs, utilizing quantitative surveys, qualitative interviews, direct observations, and neurophysiological measurements. Our studies involved four DHAs, including two commercial products (found to be immature) and two future-focused ones (where participants believed the AI-controlled DHAs were human-controlled). In the first study, comparing perceptions of a DHA, chatbot, and human agent from descriptions revealed few differences between the DHA and chatbot. The second study, involving actual use of a commercial DHA, showed participants found it uncanny, robotic, or difficult to converse with. The third and fourth studies used a “Wizard of Oz” design, with participants believing a human-controlled DHA was AI-driven. Results showed a preference for human agents via video conferencing, but no significant differences between DHAs and human agents when visual fidelity was controlled. Current DHAs, despite communication issues, trigger more affinity than chatbots. When DHAs match human communication abilities, they are perceived similarly to human agents for simple tasks. This research also suggests DHAs may alleviate algorithm aversion.
(R)EXISTÊNCIA DE PESSOAS TRANSEXUAIS E TRAVESTIS NA DISPUTA PELO PODER LOCAL
Authors: Almeida Silva Bruno , Ketzer Patricia 
Published: September 2024

O presente trabalho pretende mapear as candidaturas transexuais e travestis nos pleitos de 2020 e 2022. Serão utilizados levantamentos realizados em portais de notícias, dados do INESC, IBGE, ANTRA e Aliança Nacional LGBTI. Na revisão bibliográfica, Carlos (2021) servirá de base para analisar o direito à cidade, Fischer (1992) para compreender a disputa pelo poder local na política institucionalizada. Connel (2014), Santos (2016), Butler (2014) e Adelman (2003) auxiliarão na reconstrução da trajetória pela qual pessoas com identidades de gênero e sexualidades dissidentes são jogadas à margem da sociedade. Assis (2019), Collins; Bilge (2021) e Crenshaw (2002) contribuem para uma análise interseccional, pois corpos trans e travestis são atravessados por outras opressões. Ao final, concluímos que, ainda que o avanço da disputa pelo poder local tenha colocado em evidência a necessidade de pessoas travestis e transexuais, existe um longo caminho para garantir que essas pessoas obtenham o reconhecimento merecido.
JUVENTUDES PERIFÉRICAS E O HIP HOP ALAGOANO
Authors: Silva Pâmela Tamires Bezerra Ferreira da , Da Silva Rosemeire Reis 
Published: September 2024

O presente estudo é oriundo de uma dissertação de mestrado vinculada ao grupo de pesquisa Juventudes, Culturas e Formação da Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Partimos da problematização em torno das relações de gênero, políticas e socioculturais existentes entre as juventudes e suas culturas periféricas urbanas, mas especificamente no movimento hip hop. Desse modo, nesse texto, pretendemos dialogar analiticamente com os Estudos culturais, a tendência pós-estruturalista e a perspectiva sócio-histórica para além das discussões advindas da teoria da Reprodução Social. Como abordagem metodológica foi realizada uma etnografia urbana (2015-2016) com jovens entre 18 e 27 anos de idade em um bairro periférico de Maceió. Os resultados apontam que ainda tem sido limitada as discussões em prol do reconhecimento e empoderamento de gênero, identitário, cultural e político entre os/as jovens e suas culturas periféricas, seja do âmbito social ao acadêmico.
Multi‐compartment V/Q lung modeling: Log normal distributions of inspired or expired alveolar gas?
Authors: Scott Peter H. , Morgan Thomas J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUsing a 50‐compartment Python‐coded mathematical lung model, we compared mixed venous blood flow (Q) distributions and arterial oxygen tension/inspired oxygen fraction (PaO2/FiO2) relationships in lungs modeled with log normal distributions (LND) of inspired (VI) versus expired (VA) alveolar gas volumes. In lungs with normal V/Q heterogeneity, Q versus VA/Q and Q versus VI/Q distributions were similar with either approach, and PaO2/FiO2 sequences remained indistinguishable. In V/Q heterogeneous lungs at high FiO2, VILND generated low Q versus VA/Q shoulders and some negative VA units, while VALND preserved Q versus VA/Q log normality by blood flow diversion from low VI/Q units. We managed VILND‐induced negative VA units either by shunt conversion (VI decreased to 0) or VI redistribution simulating collateral ventilation (VI increased till VA = 0). Comparing oxygen transfer: VALND > VILND (redistribution) > VILND (shunt). In V/Q heterogeneous lungs VALND and VILND (redistribution) regained near optimal oxygen transfer on 100% oxygen, while impairment persisted with VILND (shunt). Unlike VALND, VILND (redistribution) produced Q versus VA/Q distributions in V/Q heterogeneity compatible with multiple inert gas (MIGET) reports. VILND (redistribution) is a physiologically–based MIGET–compatible alternative to West's original VALND lung modeling approach.
On the regularity of optimal potentials in control problems governed by elliptic equations
Authors: Buttazzo Giuseppe , Casado-Díaz Juan , Maestre Faustino 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper we consider optimal control problems where the control variable is a potential and the state equation is an elliptic partial differential equation of Schrödinger type, governed by the Laplace operator. The cost functional involves the solution of the state equation and a penalization term for the control variable. While the existence of an optimal solution simply follows by the direct methods of the calculus of variations, the regularity of the optimal potential is a difficult question and under the general assumptions we consider, no better regularity than the

BV

\mathrm{BV}

one can be expected. This happens in particular for the cases in which a bang-bang solution occurs, where optimal potentials are characteristic functions of a domain. We prove the

BV

\mathrm{BV}

regularity of optimal solutions through a regularity result for PDEs. Some numerical simulations show the behavior of optimal potentials in some particular cases.
Non-plug-in estimators could outperform plug-in estimators: a cautionary note and a diagnosis
Authors: Qiu Hongxiang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Highly flexible nonparametric estimators have gained popularity in causal inference and epidemiology. Popular examples of such estimators include targeted maximum likelihood estimators (TMLE) and double machine learning (DML). TMLE is often argued or suggested to be better than DML estimators and several other estimators in small to moderate samples – even if they share the same large-sample properties – because TMLE is a plug-in estimator and respects the known bounds on the parameter, while other estimators might fall outside the known bounds and yield absurd estimates. However, this argument is not a rigorously proven result and may fail in certain cases.

Methods
In a carefully chosen simulation setting, I compare the performance of several versions of TMLE and DML estimators of the average treatment effect among treated in small to moderate samples.

Results
In this simulation setting, DML estimators outperforms some versions of TMLE in small samples. TMLE fluctuations are unstable, and hence empirically checking the magnitude of the TMLE fluctuation might alert cases where TMLE might perform poorly.

Conclusions
As a plug-in estimator, TMLE is not guaranteed to outperform non-plug-in counterparts such as DML estimators in small samples. Checking the fluctuation magnitude might be a useful diagnosis for TMLE. More rigorous theoretical justification is needed to understand and compare the finite-sample performance of these highly flexible estimators in general.
Discrete Ω-results for the Riemann zeta function
Authors: Minelli Paolo , Sourmelidis Athanasios 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We study lower bounds for the Riemann zeta function

ζ
⁢

(
s
)

{\zeta(s)}

along vertical arithmetic progressions in the right-half of the critical strip.
We show that the lower bounds obtained in the discrete case coincide, up to the constants in the exponential, with the ones known for the continuous case, that is when the imaginary part of s ranges on a given interval.
Our methods are based on a discretization of the resonance method for estimating extremal values of

ζ
⁢

(
s
)

{\zeta(s)}

.