bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does the severity of psychopathology of Italian students receiving counselling services increase over time? A 5‐year analysis and a comparison with a clinical and non‐clinical sample
Authors: Strepparava Maria Grazia , Bani Marco , Zorzi Federico , Mazza Umberto , Barile Francesca , Rezzonico Giorgio 
Published: June 2017

Psychological problems—from the most minor such as exams anxiety to the more severe such as personality disorders—are not rare in young adults. University Counselling Services often present the only opportunity for undergraduates to meet health professionals and to be confronted with their difficulties in a non‐clinical setting or—in cases of more severe psychopathology—to be referred to mental health services. Recent research attests to the increasing severity of psychological problems among undergraduate and graduate university students. The question necessarily arises as to whether this trend is replicated in the general population being referred to mental health services and, if such is the case, whether there are differences between the two populations. This paper analyses the change in the severity of self‐reported symptoms in a sample of 194 students attending a University Counselling Service over a course of 5 years (2010–2014). Clinical severity was assessed in both groups by Symptoms Check List 90‐Revised, Clinical Outcome in Routine Evaluation‐Outcome Measure, and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire scores. Results show a substantial stability in severity level across time, and a comparison with an age‐matched sample of patients referred to a public hospital clinical psychology service shows overlapping data with respect to disease severity level. As the mental health of university students is an important public health issue, the implications for the organization and structure of university counselling services and the connection with public mental health hospital centres are discussed.
A multi‐wing butterfly chaotic system and its implementation
Authors: Ma Junpeng , Wang Lidan , Duan Shukai , Xu Yaming 
Published: June 2017

SummaryIt has been a common brief that the principle for generating multi‐wing attractor from a Lorenz‐like chaotic system is to construct an even symmetric function for the system. In this pursuit, research effort on exploring the possibility of using non‐even symmetric function is scant, if any. This paper attempts to reveal the intrinsic relation between such a system function and its generated multi‐wing attractor in a chaotic system. It will be shown that a rather simple asymmetric function applying to the Shimizu–Morioka system can indeed generate a multi‐wing butterfly chaotic attractor. Then, some basic properties, compound structure, bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov exponent spectrum, and dynamical analysis of the new chaotic system are investigated in detail. Finally, an electronic circuit is designed and its experimental results are presented, which well match the numerical simulation results, thereby verifying the feasibility of the new method. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antiestrogenic Activity of Triptolide in Human Breast Cancer Cells MCF‐7 and Immature Female Mouse
Authors: Tang Yi , Wang Jun , Cheng Jinghua , Wang Lijun 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Preclinical Research

To investigate the antiestrogenic activity of triptolide in human breast cancer cell line MCF‐7 and immature female C57BL/6 mouse. The effects of triptolide on cell proliferation, cell cycle, and the expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and progesterone receptor (PR) were examined in MCF‐7 cells. In vivo antiestrogenic effects of triptolide were observed after cotreatment of mice with E2 and triptolide for 4 days. Triptolide dose‐ and time‐dependently inhibited cell growth in untreated or E2‐treated MCF‐7 cells, which was associated with increased S phase arrest. Furthermore, triptolide down regulated the expression of ERα and PR in cells. The expression of ERα and PR in combined group of triptolide with E2 was much higher than that of triptolide alone. Triptolide decreased the E2‐induced uterine weight in mice, while triptolide alone had no effect. Triptolide treatment (90 μg/kg) resulted in extensive degeneration and necrosis of uterine epithelial cells, whereas the same concentration of triptolide in combination with E2 caused morphologic changes in epithelial cells from simple columnar to ellipse, without destruction. Triptolide showed antiestrogenic activity in vitro and in vivo, and the down regulation of ERα and PR expression may be its underlying mechanisms. Drug Dev Res 78 : 164‐169, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cultural entrainment of motor skill development: Learning to write hiragana in Japanese primary school
Authors: Nonaka Tetsushi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to examine how the social norms shared in a classroom environment influence the development of movement dynamics of handwriting of children who participate in the environment. To look into this issue, the following aspects of the entire period of classroom learning of hiragana letters in Japanese 1st graders who had just entered primary school were studied: First, the structure of classroom events and the specific types of interaction and learning within such environment were described. Second, in the experiment involving 6‐year‐old children who participated in the class, writing movements of children and their changes over the period of hiragana education were analyzed for each stroke composing letters. It was found that writing movement of children became differentiated in a manner specific to the different types of stroke endings, to which children were systematically encouraged to attend in the classroom. The results provide a detailed description of the process of how dynamics of fine motor movement of children is modulated by the social norms of a populated, classroom environment in a non‐Latin alphabet writing system.
HPA axis linkage in parent–child dyads: Effects of parent sex, autism spectrum diagnosis, and dyadic relationship behavior
Authors: Saxbe Darby E. , Golan Ofer , Ostfeld‐Etzion Sharon , Hirschler‐Guttenberg Yael , Zagoory‐Sharon Orna , Feldman Ruth 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFamilies of preschoolers participated in two dyadic home visits, once with mother (56 dyads) and once with father (59 dyads). Each member of the dyad provided three cortisol samples and participated in several interaction tasks that were behaviorally coded. Approximately half of the children had been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), whereas half were typically developing (TD).In a multilevel model, father's cortisol level at each timepoint predicted child cortisol. Father–child linkage was stronger in dyads that showed less reciprocity, in which fathers showed less sensitivity, and in which children showed less self‐regulation and more withdrawal. Cortisol levels were not significantly correlated in mother–child dyads, and there was a trend toward moderation by ASD diagnosis, such that linkage was greater in TD children. Mother–child linkage was stronger in dyads that showed less behavioral coordination and less sensitivity. HPA axis linkage may be stronger in less behaviorally attuned dyads.
A risk‐score model for predicting risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a rural Chinese adult population: A cohort study with a 6‐year follow‐up
Authors: Zhang Hongyan , Wang Chongjian , Ren Yongcheng , Wang Bingyuan , Yang Xiangyu , Zhao Yang , Han Chengyi , Zhou Junmei , Zhang Lu , Qi Minjie , Zhai Yujia , Pang Chao , Yin Lei , Zhao Jingzhi , Hu Dongsheng , Zhang Ming 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundSeveral prediction tools have been developed to identify people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to quantify the probability of developing T2DM. However, most of the risk models were constructed based on cross‐sectional studies and tea‐drinking was not included.MethodsA total of 15 768 participants without known T2DM were followed up from 2007‐2008 to 2013‐2014; 12 654 were randomly assigned to the derivation dataset and 3114 to the validation dataset. We constructed a risk‐score model for T2DM by using a Cox proportional‐hazards model. Risk scores were calculated by multiplying β by 10 in the derivation cohort and were verified in the validation dataset. The model's accuracy was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsPredictors for T2DM risk in the derivation dataset were drinking tea frequently, body mass index ≥28.0 kg/m2, waist to height ratio ≥ 0.5, triglycerides level 1.70 to 2.25 and ≥2.26 mmol/L, and fasting plasma glucose 5.6 to 6.0 and ≥6.1 mmol/L. The corresponding scores were −2, 7, 7, 4, 6, 11, and 25, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC (95% confidence interval) for this full model were 69.63%, 75.56%, and 0.791 (0.783‐0.799), respectively. The ability of the non‐invasive models to predict T2DM was not superior to that of the full model. With the validation dataset, the predictive performance was better for our full model than the Framingham risk‐score model (AUC 0.731 vs 0.525, P < .001).ConclusionsOur risk‐score model has fair efficacy for predicting 6‐year risk of T2DM in a rural adult Chinese population.
Intensive insulin therapy combined with metformin is associated with reduction in both glucose variability and nocturnal hypoglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Zhang Yifei , Zhao Zhiyun , Wang Shujie , Zhu Wei , Jiang Yiran , Sun Shouyue , Chen Chen , Wang Kai , Mu Liangshan , Cao Jinyi , Zhou Yingxia , Gu Weiqiong , Hong Jie , Wang Weiqing , Ning Guang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe effect on glucose variability in patients with intensive insulin therapy has not been fully understood. This observational study investigated the different glucose variability and hypoglycaemia patterns in type 2 diabetes patients treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) or multiple daily injections (MDI) with or without metformin administration.MethodsDuring hospitalization, a total of 501 patients with poor glycaemic control and in initial treatment with either CSII alone (n = 187), CSII + Metformin (n = 81), MDI alone (n = 146), or MDI + Metformin (n = 87) were involved in the final analysis. Data obtained from continuous glucose monitoring were used to assess blood glucose fluctuation and nocturnal hypoglycaemia.ResultsAmong the 4 groups, no difference was found in mean blood glucose levels. Results in parameters reflecting glucose fluctuation: continuous overlapping net glycaemic action in CSII + Metformin and mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions in MDI + Metformin were significantly lower than those in either CSII alone or MDI alone, respectively, even after adjustment (P = .031 and .006). Frequency of nocturnal hypoglycaemia was significantly decreased in CSII + Metformin as compared with CSII alone (0.6% vs 1.8%) and in MDI + Metformin as compared with MDI alone (1.6% vs 2.3%), with the highest frequency observed in MDI alone and the lowest in CSII + Metformin (all between group P < .001). Consistent results were obtained in between‐group comparisons for hypoglycaemia duration. Subgroup analysis matched with baseline body mass index, and glycated haemoglobin and fasting blood glucose further confirmed these findings.ConclusionMetformin added to initial CSII or MDI therapy is associated with a reduction in both glucose fluctuation and nocturnal hypoglycaemic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Blood pathway analyses reveal differences between prediabetic subjects with or without dyslipidaemia. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study
Authors: Laaksonen Jaakko , Taipale Tuukka , Seppälä Ilkka , Raitoharju Emma , Mononen Nina , Lyytikäinen Leo‐Pekka , Waldenberger Melanie , Illig Thomas , Hutri‐Kähönen Nina , Rönnemaa Tapani , Juonala Markus , Viikari Jorma , Kähönen Mika , Raitakari Olli , Lehtimäki Terho 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundPrediabetes often occurs together with dyslipidaemia, which is paradoxically treated with statins predisposing to type 2 diabetes mellitus. We examined peripheral blood pathway profiles in prediabetic subjects with (PRD) and without dyslipidaemia (PR0) and compared these to nonprediabetic controls without dyslipidaemia (C0).MethodsThe participants were from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study, including 1240 subjects aged 34 to 49 years. Genome‐wide expression data of peripheral blood and gene set enrichment analysis were used to investigate the differentially expressed genes and enriched pathways between different subtypes of prediabetes.ResultsPathways for cholesterol synthesis, interleukin‐12‐mediated signalling events, and downstream signalling in naïve CD8+ T‐cells were upregulated in the PR0 group in comparison with controls (C0). The upregulation of these pathways was independent of waist circumference, blood pressure, smoking status, and insulin. Adjustment for CRP left the CD8+ T‐cell signalling and interleukin‐12‐mediated signalling event pathway upregulated. The cholesterol synthesis pathway was also upregulated when all prediabetic subjects (PR0 and PRD) were compared with the nonprediabetic control group. No pathways were upregulated or downregulated when the PRD group was compared with the C0 group. Five genes in the PR0 group and 1 in the PRD group were significantly differentially expressed in comparison with the C0 group.ConclusionsBlood cell gene expression profiles differ significantly between prediabetic subjects with and without dyslipidaemia. Whether this classification may be used in detection of prediabetic individuals at a high risk of cardiovascular complications remains to be examined.
Lazarus ecology: Recovering the distribution and migratory patterns of the extinct Carolina parakeet
Authors: Burgio Kevin R. , Carlson Colin J. , Tingley Morgan W. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe study of the ecology and natural history of species has traditionally ceased when a species goes extinct, despite the benefit to current and future generations of potential findings. We used the extinct Carolina parakeet as a case study to develop a framework investigating the distributional limits, subspecific variation, and migratory habits of this species as a means to recover important information about recently extinct species. We united historical accounts with museum collections to develop an exhaustive, comprehensive database of every known occurrence of this once iconic species. With these data, we combined species distribution models and ordinal niche comparisons to confront multiple conjectured hypotheses about the parakeet's ecology with empirical data on where and when this species occurred. Our results demonstrate that the Carolina parakeet's range was likely much smaller than previously believed, that the eastern and western subspecies occupied different climatic niches with broad geographical separation, and that the western subspecies was likely a seasonal migrant while the eastern subspecies was not. This study highlights the novelty and importance of collecting occurrence data from published observations on extinct species, providing a starting point for future investigations of the factors that drove the Carolina parakeet to extinction. Moreover, the recovery of lost autecological knowledge could benefit the conservation of other parrot species currently in decline and would be crucial to the success of potential de‐extinction efforts for the Carolina parakeet.
Electropolymerization of Metallophthalocyanines Carrying Redox Active Metal Centers and their Electrochemical Pesticide Sensing Application
Authors: Keleş Turgut , Akyüz Duygu , Biyiklioglu Zekeriya , Koca Atıf 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this study, modified electrodes were constructed with the electropolymerization of metallophthalocyanines (MPcs) carrying redox active metal cations and electropolymerizable substituents. Then these electrodes were tested as selective and sensitive electrochemical pesticide sensors. Incorporation of the redox active Co(II) (CoPc(MOR‐NAF)), Cl–Mn(III) (MnPc(MOR‐NAF)), and Ti(IV)O (TiOPc(MOR‐NAF)) metal cations into Pc cavity increased the redox activity of Pc ring. Moreover, redox active and electropolymerizable 5‐{[(1E)‐(4‐morpholin‐4‐ylphenyl)methylene]amino}‐1‐naphthoxy substituents (MOR‐NAF) on the Pc ring triggered coating of the complexes on the electrode surface with the electropolymerization reactions. Therefore, modified electrodes GCE/MPc(MOR‐NAF) were constructed with the electropolymerizations of MPcs. These electrodes illustrated reasonable redox activity and conductivity for the potential applications in different fields of the electrochemical technologies. Pesticide sensing measurements indicated that changing the metal center of the complexes significantly altered their sensing activities. Among the complexes, GCE/CoPc(MOR‐NAF) electrode behaved as the most sensitive and selective electrode and it sensed the parathion with good selectivity and sensitivity. GCE/CoPc(MOR‐NAF) electrode showed a wider linear range (0.075‐5.75 μmoldm−3) and smaller LOD (0.025 μmoldm−3) and higher sensitivity (3.46 Acm−2M−1) for the parathion sensing. Although GCE/TiOPc(MOR‐NAF) electrode also sensed the parathion with a high sensitivity, its selectivity was poor and the linear range of this sensing was very narrow. Differently GCE/Cl–MnPc(MOR‐NAF) electrode only sensed eserine with reasonably sensitivity.
Isatin Analysis Using Flow Injection Analysis with Amperometric Detection – Comparison of Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon and Diamond Electrode Performance
Authors: Jarošová Romana , Sanchez Simon , Haubold Lars , Swain Greg M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIsatin is an endogenous indole compound in humans and rodents that has a wide range of biological activity. In rat models, isatin concentrations have been shown to increase in the heart, brain, blood plasma, and urine with stress. Studies on patients suffering from Parkinson's disease have indicated a correlation between progress of the disease and urinary output of the molecule. Isatin is electrochemically active and can therefore be detected with electrochemical techniques. In this work, we compared the performance of a nitrogen‐incorporated tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta‐C:N) and a boron‐doped nanocrystalline diamond thin‐film electrode for the oxidative detection of this biomolecule using flow injection analysis with amperometric detection. The measurements were performed in 0.1 phosphate buffer pH 7.2. The ta‐C:N electrode, like boron‐doped nanocrystalline diamond, exhibits some excellent properties for electroanalytical measurements including (i) low background current and noise, (ii) microstructural stability at positive detection potentials, and (iii) good activity for a wide range of bioanalytes without conventional surface pretreatment. The results reveal that both electrodes exhibit a linear dynamic range from 100 to 0.1 μmol L−1, a short‐term response variability 3–4 % RSD (30 injections), a sensitivity of 18 mA M‐1, and a limit of detection (S/N=3) of 1.0×10−7 mol L−1 (14 ng mL−1 or 2.5 fmol).
Building Evaluation Capacity to Address Problems of Equity
Authors: Carden Fred 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe issue of equity is receiving increasing attention not only in health but in other areas of social development. It is often a highly charged and emotional conversation. This chapter argues that with better capacity to evaluate for equity, evaluators can make a significant contribution to clarifying the issues in the debate and, through that, to addressing inequities. Evidence is never the only element in a debate—politics and emotion always play important roles—but the absence of solid evidence fosters even stronger polarization of the debate. This chapter addresses a gap in our capacity to evaluate for equity so that evidence can make a central contribution to this debate. Building on the challenges to measurement in the equity space, the chapter identifies the process and systems thinking skills that are needed to complement our evaluation methods skills.
Lessons from Chile's Use of System‐Level Theory of Change to Implement a Policy Redesign Process to Address Health Inequities
Authors: Solar Orielle , Frenz Patricia 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTo reduce health inequities, Chile´s Ministry of Health embarked on an ambitious process to implement policy redesign involving six public health programs that used a system‐level theory of change. The process brought together a large and diverse group of national and local actors from within and outside the health sector organized in a network of program nodes, who worked together on well‐defined tasks over the course of a year with high‐level political and technical support. The tasks were part of a coconstructed stepwise assessment methodology, based on understanding and testing program theory and uncovering theories of inequities, drawing on realistic evaluation approaches, the social determinants of health framework, and models of effective program coverage. Almost simultaneously, the program nodes proposed new program theories to address equities with an implementation strategy, which necessarily engaged other sectors and community actors. This chapter highlights some of the lessons to explain the success of Chile´s redesign process: (a) the diversity of knowledge and experiences across nodes enriched and enabled system‐level change, (b) the key distinction between theory of change and theory of inequities required to address inequities, and (c) the long‐lasting transformative capital for institutional change of training a network of agents for change.
Equity Is Not an Intervention: Implications of Evaluation—Reflections from India
Authors: Hay Katherine 
Published: June 2017

AbstractLike most of the world, China, India, and Chile—the three countries discussed in this volume—are all characterized by increasing inequity. Equity is not the primary goal driving core policies and programs, and equity is often knowingly and readily sacrificed for other goals. In such a context, is it reasonable to expect that interventions generated from systems that perpetuate and deepen inequities, and do not challenge those systems and outcomes, will lead to equity? Is it reasonable to expect further that evaluation of such interventions will enhance equity? This chapter suggests that it is reasonable, but only if such evaluations are understood and framed as intentional disruptions to systems perpetuating inequities. Taking India as an example, the chapter lays out the persistence of health inequities in India and discusses implications and possible solutions emerging from seeing program and other evaluations as an opportunity to disrupt program, organizational, or system ecologies that perpetuate inequities. The chapter sees no conflict between, and argues for, models of evaluation that are both rigorous and transformative.