bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’aliénation djihadiste, au carrefour de la radicalité adolescente et de la destructivité mélancolique
Authors: Hirsch Denis 
Published: December 2016

Petit essai métapsychologique du terrorisme radical religieux. Cet article traite des mécanismes intra-psychiques et inter-psychiques qui aliènent le moi inconscient dans le phénomène du terrorisme radical religieux. S’y intriquent nécessairement la psychologie individuelle et la psychologie collective, comme dans tous processus meurtriers à caractère totalitaire. Trois niveaux complémentaires d’aliénation et de « prise en otage » du moi inconscient sont repérés : 1. Une régression du moi aliéné vers un moi-idéal vampirisé par une idole religieuse. 2. Une identification mélancolique au père déchu et un surmoi cruel « terroriste » qui mène à « l’attentat suicide ». 3. Une communauté de déni et de clivage qui scelle la haine meurtrière envers l’autre semblable mais différent. Enfin, prenant en compte la clinique des adolescents en errance identitaire, le texte ouvre un débat sur l’origine fondamentale de toute violence terrorisme radicale. Elle se situerait au carrefour entre une tentative désespérée de vérifier la survie de l’objet à la destructivité extrême et l’expression d’un masochisme de mort désintriqué.
Antibody glycosylation as a potential biomarker for chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases
Authors: Knopf Jasmin , Biermann Mona HC , Muñoz Luis E , Herrmann Martin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractGlycosylation of immunoglobulins (Ig) is known to influence their effector functions in physiological and pathological conditions. Changes in the glycosylation pattern of immunoglobulin G and autoantibodies in various inflammatory autoimmune diseases have been studied for many years. However, despite extensive research, many questions are still elusive regarding the formation of such differentially glycosylated antibodies and alterations of glycosylation patterns in other immunoglobulin classes for example. Nevertheless, knowledge has been deepened greatly, especially in the field of rheumatoid arthritis. Changes of Ig glycosylation patterns have been shown to appear before onset of the disease and moreover can subject to treatment. In this review, we discuss the potential of detecting Ig glycosylation changes as biomarkers for disease activity or monitoring of patients with chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases such as antiphospholipid syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ANCA-associated vasculitis and Henoch-Schönlein purpura.
Viabilidad del desarrollo de una Comunidad de Seguridad desde el Consejo de Defensa Suramericano
Authors: Koch Merino Sebastián 
Published: December 2016

Utilizando el Análisis de Política Exterior (APE), coadyuvado por el constructivismo como teoría de las Relaciones Internacionales se estudiará, en el marco de la Unión de Naciones Suramericanas (Unasur), la viabilidad del establecimiento de una Comunidad de Seguridad desde el Consejo de Defensa Suramericano (CDS). Además de los elementos racionalistas de la definición de política exterior de los Estados, se emplearán las perspectivas reflexivas de las Relaciones Internacionales, ya que son parte esencial del proceso de establecimiento de una Comunidad de Seguridad. Las identidades, valores y significados compartidos, adquieren un valor tan importante como los objetivos racionales, siendo la relación entre ambos elementos la que permitiría, bajo ciertas circunstancias, el establecimiento de una Comunidad de Seguridad en la región
Female perspectives of male partners’ inclusion in the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programme in KwaZulu-Natal
Authors: Miya Mondli , Mgutshini Tennyson 
Published: December 2016

Background: The South African government intervened by implementing the prevention of mother–to-child transmission programme (PMTCT) to curb the HIV transmission from mother to child during and after pregnancy. The PMTCT programme has been at the forefront of global prevention efforts since 1998. Without treatment, the risk of transmission ranges from one in five to one in two newborns; however, the risk of mother-to-child transmission can be reduced to as low as 2%–5% with evidenced interventions. Sub-Saharan Africa, and most particularly South Africa, is the most affected by the pandemic despite having the largest financial investment in PMTCT services across the continent.Objectives: The objectives of the study were to describe and explore the female perspectives of male inclusion in the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programme in KwaZulu-Natal.Methodology: A qualitative, descriptive, explorative study was conducted through in-depth individual interview of pregnant women until data saturation.Results: The findings of the study revealed that the existing design of public hospitals was not wholly conducive to facilitating male inclusion in maternal and child health services. Resources were largely insufficient to support the participation of pregnant mothers and any attempts to support the inclusion of males needed to be based on a clear increase in service provision.Conclusion: The study recommended male partners’ inclusion in the prevention of mother- to-child HIV transmission to support effective management of HIV in pregnancy and PMTCT programmes. The inclusion of men will provide the holistic support needed by pregnant women on PMTCT programmes.
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase mutation in neoadjuvant chemotherapy in head and neck cancers: Myth or reality?
Authors: Patil Vijay M. , Noronha Vanita , Joshi Amit , Zanwar Saurabh , Ramaswamy Anant , Arya Supreeta , Mahajan Abhishek , Bhattacharjee Atanu , Prabhash Kumar 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Purpose: The docetaxel, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and cisplatin (TPF) regimen in India is associated with high percentages of Grade 3-4 toxicity. This analysis was planned to evaluate the incidence of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) mutation in patients with severe gastrointestinal toxicity, to assess whether the mutation could be predicted by a set of clinical criteria and whether it has any impact on postneoadjuvant chemotherapy response. Methods: All consecutive patients who received TPF regimen in head and neck cancers between January 2015 and April 2015 were selected. Patients who had predefined set of toxicities in Cycle 1 were selected for DPD mutation testing. Depending on the results, C2 doses were modified. Postcompletion of two cycles, patients underwent radiological response assessment. Descriptive statistics has been performed. The normally distributed continuous variables were compared by unpaired Student′s t-test, whereas variables which were not normally distributed by Wilcoxon sum rank test. For noncontinuous variables, comparison was performed by Fisher′s exact test. Results: Out of 34 patients, who received TPF, 12 were selected for DPD testing, and 11 (32.4%, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 19.1-49.3%) had DPD mutation. The predictive accuracy of the criteria for the tested DPD mutations was 81.3% (95% CI: 62.1-100%). Of the 11 DPD mutation positive patients, except for one patient, all others received the second cycle of TPF. The dose adjustments done in 5-FU were 50% dose reduction in 9 patients and no dose reduction in one patient. The response rate in DPD mutated patients was 27.3% (3/11) and that in DPD nonmutated/nontested was 39.1% (9/23) (P = 0.70). Conclusion: In this small study, it seems that the incidence of DPD mutation is more common in Indian then it′s in the Caucasian population. Clinical toxicity criteria can accurately predict for DPD mutation. Postdose adjustments of 5-FU from C2 onward, TPF can safely be delivered in the majority of patients with DPD heterozygous mutations without decrement in efficacy.
Prevalence of tobacco use and its contributing factors among adolescents in Bangladesh: Results from a population-based study
Authors: Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful , Mainuddin A. K.M. , Bhuiyan Faiz Ahmed , Chowdhury Kamrun Nahar 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Background: Tobacco use is an alarming public health problem worldwide and causes significant morbidity and mortality. In many developing countries tobacco use starts at a relative younger age. However, data on tobacco use among adolescents in Bangladesh is scarce. Objectives: The main objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of tobacco use and its contributing factors among adolescents in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: We used data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Bangladesh 2007 which was a school-based survey of 2,135 students aged 13-15 years in grades 7-10. Analysis: A two-stage cluster sample design was used to produce representative data for Bangladesh. At the first stage, schools were selected with probability proportional to enrollment size. At the second stage, classes were randomly selected and all students in selected classes were eligible to participate. The GYTS sample design produced representative, independent, cross-sectional estimates for Bangladesh. Results: The overall prevalence of ever cigarette smokers in Bangladeshi students was about 9%, which was more than 3 times higher in boys compared to girls (15.8% versus 4.8%). Almost 4 in 10 students start smoking before the age of 10 in Bangladesh. In addition to current cigarette smoking, another 6% also reported to use other tobacco products currently. Nine in 10 current smokers reported that they had ever received help to stop smoking. More than 4 in 10 students were exposed to smoke from other people in public places. Among current smokers, 38.3% reported that they usually buy tobacco in a store and of which 97.8% reported that they were not refused cigarette purchase because of their age. Conclusion: Implementation and enforcement of tobacco control act is an urgent public health priority in Bangladesh.
Comparative evaluation of different volumes of 70% alcohol in celiac plexus block for upper abdominal malignsancies
Authors: Dolly Archana , Singh Sarita , Prakash Ravi , Bogra Jaishri , Malik Anita , Singh Vinita 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Context: Celiac plexus block (CPB) (is an effective way to reduce cancer-associated pain in upper abdominal malignancies. Aims: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of different volumes of 70% alcohol in CPB. Settings and Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study. Subjects and Methods: Thirty patients of carcinoma gall bladder were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10) to receive 20, 30, and 40 ml of 70% alcohol in CPB. Statistical Analysis Used: All the continuous data were assessed analysis of variance followed by post-hoc tests (Tukey′s Honestly Significant Difference test). Ordinal data were compared using Kruskal-Wallis H-test followed by Mann-Whitney U-test. Categorical comparisons were performed using Chi-square test. Results: A significant difference in visual analog scale (VAS) score of Group I, Group I and Group III was observed from week 6 onward until the end of the study. At all these time intervals, VAS scores in Group I was higher than both Groups II and III during this time interval. VAS scores in Group III were significantly lower as compared to Group II from week 10 onward until the end of the study. As compared to baseline, at all the follow-up intervals, mean morphine requirement was significantly lower in Group II and Group III. A quality of life (QOL) score of Group III were higher as compared to Group I. Between Group II and Group III, significant difference was observed at week 16 only when Group III had a higher score as compared to Group II. Conclusions: VAS score, QOL, and reduction in morphine consumption were increased on increasing the volume of alcohol in CPB, 40 ml being most effective.
Paying the Pied Piper: An Examination of Internet Service Provider Liability for Third Party Speech
Authors: Brenner Joseph E. 
Published: December 2016

No invention since the telephone has had as great an impact on the way society communicates as the internet. Through the internet more than two billion people explore new worlds, go to places they never could have imagined, attain knowledge otherwise unavailable, and communicate with people otherwise unreachable. However, opening new channels of communication is just the beginning of the potential capabilities of the internet.
Reviving Spent Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing in the U.S.
Authors: Farah Emily M. 
Published: December 2016

Nuclear power generation is responsible for fifteen percent of the world’s electricity, and since the beginning of the century additional nuclear reactors have appeared on the global grid in places other than the United States and Europe. Currently, sixty one nuclear reactors are under construction, and three-quarters of those are located in four countries: China, India, South Korea, and Russia. China aims to quadruple its nuclear power capacity by 2020. The United Arab Emirates entered into a 20 billion dollar contract with a South Korean consortium to build four nuclear reactors expected to be operational in 2017. Nuclear power creates radioactive waste with a half-life that spans thousands of years. If nations could reduce the radioactivity and volume, and thus the potential harmfulness, of nuclear waste by recycling spent nuclear fuel, would they take this opportunity? In the United States, the answer is no. In France, however, the answer is yes. The purpose of this paper is not to advocate for or condemn the use of nuclear technology.
Negro & Quilombola: a identidade étnica em questão na comunidade remanescente de quilombos de Caiana dos Crioulos-PB
Authors: Lima Hezrom Vieira Costa 
Published: December 2016

<p>O presente artigo visa analisar como ocorre o processo de construção da identidade de quilombola em uma comunidade remanescente de quilombos paraibana, a comunidade de Caiana dos Crioulos. Nossa principal motivação foi buscar compreender como ocorreu o processo de transformação identitária, por parte dos moradores da comunidade, a partir do momento que ela foi reconhecida como uma legítima CRQs. Nesse contexto algumas questões buscaram ser compreendidas. O que poderia ser considerado um quilombola? O que o diferencia de um “não-quilombola”? Essa nova identidade ressignifica a identidade étnica e racial de ser negro? Essa comunidade foi aceita pelos moradores? Para a realização da pesquisa, foram selecionadas cinco moradoras, de idade e vivências diferenciadas, para traçar um panorama inter-geracional sobre o que é ser quilombola em Caiana dos Crioulos. Dessa forma, o presente artigo busca contribuir para a historiografia sobre as comunidades quilombolas brasileiras, bem como dialogar com as discussões acerca da questão étnica e racial.</p>
Ressignificação dos Produtos Notáveis Utilizando Material Concreto
Authors: Ventura Angélica Rodrigues , Laudares João Bosco 
Published: December 2016

<p>O presente artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar atividades para ressignificar os produtos notáveis, tendo como sujeitos os alunos do nono ano do ensino fundamental, por meio da utilização de materiais concretos com representação geométrica. Dessa maneira, pretende-se estudar um mesmo conteúdo matemático com diversas linguagens, fazendo a transição da linguagem geométrica para a linguagem algébrica, explorando conhecimentos de área de superfícies planas e volumes de sólidos. As atividades foram elaboradas seguindo parâmetros da sequência didática. Foram analisadas as abordagens relativas ao conteúdo de produtos notáveis, objeto da pesquisa, no ensino fundamental, nos livros didáticos e nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais. O trabalho tem como referência o estudo de vários pesquisadores na área de Educação Matemática que exploram o uso de material concreto nos processos de ensino aprendizagem, tais como Lorenzato (2006a, 2006b), D’Ambrosio (2007), Nacarato (2005), Matos e Serrazina (1996). Com a análise dessas atividades, foi possível perceber que o material concreto proposto auxiliou na percepção geométrica dos produtos notáveis, em atividades desenvolvidas pelos estudantes.</p>
Plasmodium Falciparum Infection: In Silico Preliminary Studies
Authors: Gomes Andréia Patricia , Moreira Brenda Silveira Valles , Dias Felipe José Dutra , Inoue Victor Hiroshi Bastos , Franco Gabriel Vita Silva , Gomes Daniela De Souza , Oliveira Alcione De Paiva , Cerqueira Fabio Ribeiro , Miguel Paulo Sérgio Balbino , Santana Luiz Alberto , Geller Mauro , Siqueira-Batista Rodrigo 
Published: December 2016

<div class="page" title="Page 3"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Malaria is an infectious disease of great impact in terms of public health, given the number of people affected and subjected to the risk of illness. Protozoa of the genus Plasmodium cause it and five species can infect humans: </span><em>Plasmodium falciparum</em><span>, </span><em>Plasmodium vivax</em><span>, </span><em>Plasmodium ovale</em><span>, </span><em>Plasmodium malariae </em><span>and </span><em>Plasmodium knowlesi</em><span>; the first is able to produce the most severe cases of the disease. Despite its clinical and epidemiological relevance and investigations in development – targeted at different aspects of the interaction between humans and </span><em>Plasmodium </em><span>protozoa of the genus – there remains many questions about different aspects of the malaria pathophysiology. To study such gaps, interdisciplinary strategies can be pursed, which involve biology, medicine an computer science, as part of the trial </span><span>in silico</span><span>. Such approach provides agility, low cost and does not imply ethical issues that permeate the experiments </span><em>in vitro </em><span>and </span><em>in vivo</em><span>. Based on these considerations, this article presents preliminary results of a computational model of the interaction between </span><em>P. falciparum </em><span>and erythrocytes, implemented in </span><em>AutoSimmune </em><span>system. The results obtained show that the system is able to simulate the host cells infection process by protozoan with similarities with the biological reality. </span></p></div></div></div>
Análise da paisagem das mulheres viajantes no Brasil durante o século XIX / Landscape analysis of women travelers in Brazil during the nineteenth century
Authors: De Oliveira Natália Maria , Castro José Flávio Morais 
Published: December 2016

<p>As técnicas de pesquisa observação e descrição são fundamentais aos estudos geográficas. A análise da paisagem, natural ou cultural, sobretudo histórica, depende de registros documentais capazes de descrevê-la com riqueza de detalhes. Os relatos de mulheres viajantes do século XIX são compreendidos como importantes documentos históricos à análise da paisagem e da organização social do período. Compreende-se a literatura de viagem, principalmente para o viés humanista-cultural da Geografia, instrumento de análise de aspectos físicos, sociais e culturais. Realiza-se nesta pesquisa um levantamento bibliográfico dos relatos de viagem de mulheres viajantes estrangeiras que estiveram no Brasil durante o século XIX, alem do estudo de caso sobre as contribuições para a análise da paisagem contidas no diário de viagem “Uma Parisiense no Brasil”. Por fim, a análise espacial das informações obtidas a partir deste relato, de autoria de Adèle Toussaint-Samson, apresenta uma das possibilidades de resultado de pesquisas que utilizem relatos de mulheres viajantes estrangeiras do século XIX.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: Observação; Descrição; Mulheres Viajantes; Século XIX; Literatura.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Observation and description are fundamental research techniques to geographical studies. The Analisys of landscape, natural or cultural, especially historical, depends on documental records that are able to describe it in great detail. The traveling women reports from the nineteenth century are important historical documents to analyze the landscape and social organization of the period. Travel literature is, especially to the humanistic and cultural bias of Geography, an instrument of analysis for physical, social and cultural aspects. This research carried out a bibliographical survey on foreing traveling women who visited Brazil during the nineteenth century. A case study on the travel diary “A Parisian in Brasil” by Adèle Toussaint-Samson was made, emphasizing its contribuitions to landscape analysis. Finally, the spatial analysis of the information from this report presents one of the possible results for researches using reports of foreign women travelers of the nineteenth century.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keyword</strong>: Observation, Description, Traveling Women, Nineteenth Century, Literature</p>
Influence et rayonnement international d’Adrien Arcand
Authors: Théorêt Hugues 
Published: December 2016

Depuis une dizaine d’années, Adrien Arcand a fait l’objet de divers ouvrages sur ses écrits fascistes et antisémites et son mouvement qui a attiré quelques centaines d’adeptes au Québec au cours des années 1930. Peu de choses ont été écrites au sujet de son influence et son rayonnement international. Dans les années 1930, Adrien Arcand s’est forgé une solide réputation parmi les chantres de l’antisémitisme dans le monde en participant activement à la diffusion des Protocoles des Sages de Sion, et en publiant La Clé du Mystère, une brochure hautement antisémite qui vise à prouver l’authenticité des Protocoles des Sages de Sion. Arrêté en 1940, puis emprisonné durant toute la Seconde Guerre mondiale, Adrien Arcand recouvre la liberté en 1945. Il continue de correspondre avec les têtes de pont de l’antisémitisme dans le monde : Henry Hamilton Beamish, Arnold Spencer Leese, sir Barry Domville, Gerald Hamilton, Robert Edmundson et Henry Coston jusqu’à sa mort en 1967. Son plus illustre admirateur, le négationniste germano-canadien Ernst Zündel, qui a été libéré en mars 2010 après avoir purgé une peine de sept ans de prison en Allemagne pour avoir nié l’existence de l’Holocauste, voyait Arcand comme son mentor.
L’Église catholique québécoise face à l’antisémitisme des années 19301
Authors: Dumas Alexandre 
Published: December 2016

Beaucoup d’attention a été donnée aux écrits antisémites des intellectuels catholiques canadiens-français. De Lionel Groulx au Devoir en passant par Jeune-Canada, les années 1930 présentent un contenu particulièrement riche pour qui s’intéresse à la question de l’antisémitisme dans le Québec catholique et les travaux sur cette période se sont multipliés. Bien que le catholicisme ait souvent été identifié comme un moteur de l’antisémitisme, on ne s’est pas encore arrêté sur le rôle de l’Église catholique comme institution. Cet article porte sur le regard de l’Église catholique sur l’antisémitisme et sur ses manifestations, plus particulièrement sur son rapport au Parti national social-chrétien d’Adrien Arcand. L’Église a-t-elle encouragé l’antisémitisme de ses fidèles, l’a-t-elle condamné ou était-elle au contraire passive sur la question ? Les évêques eux-mêmes nourrissaient-ils des préjugés, voire une certaine appréhension à l’endroit des Juifs ? Les archives récemment ouvertes des archevêchés de Québec et de Montréal permettent de démontrer qu’à défaut d’avoir tendu la main à la communauté juive et appelé ses fidèles à l’ouverture et à la compréhension, l’Église nourrissait une méfiance certaine à l’endroit du parti d’Arcand et goûtait peu son discours violent à l’endroit des Juifs. C’est ce qui sera démontré par un retour sur le débat sur les écoles juives de 1930, la relation entre l’Église québécoise et le Parti national social-chrétien et le discours antisémite de quelques prêtres du diocèse de Québec.