bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smoking Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Accelerated Hypertension, Spontaneous Pneumothorax, Mediastinal Emphysema Large Aortic Neurysm and Pulmonary Tuberculosis - A Case Report
Authors: Verma PK , Rajpal S , Ranga GS , Dwivedi S 
Published: December 2016

Chronic smoking is often associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary artery disease, hypertension & aortic aneurysm in elderly people. However its life threatening complications in the form of tension pneumothorax, mediastinal emphysema, and enlarging aortic aneurysm coexisting with pulmonary tuberculosis at times poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We report here with an 86 - year - old male who had mediastinal emphysema, large aortic aneurysm, accelerated hypertension and evidence of active pulmonary tuberculosis aggravated by chronic smoking. He made remarkable recovery following intercostal drainage, anti tuberculous and supportive intensive therapy. Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Pneumothorax; Mediastinal emphysema; Aortic aneurysm; Hypertension; Pulmonary tuberculosis DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v5i2.3073 SAARC J. Tuber. Lung Dis. HIV/AIDS 2008 Vol.5(2) 26-30
Modernization and Reaction: Postwar Evolutions and the Critique of Higher Learning in English-Speaking Canada, 1945-1970
Authors: Massolin Philip A. 
Published: December 2016

Higher education underwent the final stage of modernization after 1945. The Second World War had accelerated modernizing trends that were decades in the making. In the postwar era, universities in English-speaking Canada continued to develop as utilitarian institutions: they were funded by the public purse, responsive to both governments and the public at large, and perceived as the focal points for the continued material and technological advancement of society. The utilitarian university, in short, reflected the values and orientations of the modern world. As such, there was little room in it for the humanities and liberal arts, once the foci of higher learning. Nor did the university maintain its function as social critic or transmitter of cultural values. Signaled by massive enrolments, million-dollar budgets, and the unprecedented significance of professional and applied science faculties, by the late 1960s, the fully modern multiversity had arrived in Canada. A major purpose of this article is to chronicle the postwar evolution of the university in English-speaking Canada. Even more important is the analysis of the reaction to these modernizing trends. Harold Innis, Donald Creighton, George Grant, Vincent Massey, Hilda Neatby and Northrop Frye were among the most significant of the postwar critics of modern higher education. While most Canadians were vaguely supportive of or indifferent to modernization, these critics deplored modern tendencies as being destructive of what they perceived to be an age-old university tradition and as undermining the basic cultural values of Western civilization. Above all, their self-imposed mandate was to call attention to the abuses and help reverse the effects of modernization. An understanding of the critics' views is thus important because it enables a fuller appreciation of the issues that underpinned academic modernization. It also helps one grasp the critics' own Idealized conception of the academy, which reveals much not only about the substance of the modernity debate, but also the biases and cultural values of the critics as the latter relate to higher education and the greater question of modernization.
Myths and Realities about Petroleum-Related Development: Lessons for British Columbia from Atlantic Canada and the North Sea
Authors: House J.D. 
Published: December 2016

The government of British Columbia has recently agreed to lift the moratorium on offshore petroleum exploration on Canada’s west coast, and the federal government has been asked to follow suit. There is a strong possibility, therefore, that drilling for oil and gas offshore British Columbia will begin in the near future. Some coastal communities, hard-hit by resource problems in forestry and fisheries with attendant unemployment and out-migration, have been lobbying in favour of lifting the moratorium, while environmentalists and some First Nations people have been lobbying equally as hard for its continuance. Predicated on the assumption that BC may well be on the verge of developing an offshore petroleum industry, this article essay explores several issues related to the development of such an industry. It poses the question: if the province is to develop an offshore oil and gas industry, how should it go about it in as environmentally and socially responsible a way as possible? Fortunately for British Columbia, two provinces on Canada’s east coast, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Nova Scotia, already have established offshore petroleum industries. They have a 40-year history of experiences in both the exploration and production phases of offshore development. This essay provides an overview of the Atlantic Canadian and North Sea experiences. It argues that it is, in principle at least, feasible to manage offshore developments in a socially and environmentally responsible way, and in such a way that local people and communities, including First Nations, can be beneficiaries. There is nothing automatic about this, however. It will require enlightened governance at both the provincial and federal level, and a willingness to devolve to effected communities enough decision-making authority to negotiate with the oil companies from a position of strength. Success will depend on local people becoming well informed about the industry and taking the lead in determining the conditions under which development can proceed.
Transoral robotic surgery for sellar tumors: first clinical study
Authors: Chauvet Dorian , Hans Stéphane , Missistrano Antoine , Rebours Celeste , Bakkouri Wissame El , Lot Guillaume 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to confirm the feasibility of an innovative transoral robotic surgery (TORS), using the da Vinci Surgical System, for patients with sellar tumors. This technique was designed to offer a new minimally invasive approach, without soft-palate splitting, that avoids the rhinological side effects of classic endonasal approaches.METHODSThe authors performed a prospective study of TORS in patients with symptomatic sellar tumors. Specific anatomical features were required for inclusion in the study and were determined on the basis of preoperative open-mouth CT scans of the brain. The main outcome measure was sellar accessibility using the robot. Resection quality, mean operative time, postoperative changes in patients' vision, side effects, and complications were additionally reported.RESULTSBetween February and May 2016, 4 patients (all female, mean age 49.5 years) underwent TORS for resection of sellar tumors as participants in this study. All patients presented with symptomatic visual deficits confirmed as bitemporal hemianopsia. All tumors had a suprasellar portion and a cystic part. In all 4 cases, the operation was performed via TORS, without the need for a second surgery. Sella turcica accessibility was satisfactory in all cases. In 3 cases, tumor resection was complete. The mean operative time was 2 hours 43 minutes. Three patients had a significant visual improvement at Day 1. No rhinological side effects or complications in patients occurred. No pathological examination was performed regarding the fluid component of the tumors. There was 1 postoperative delayed CSF leak and 1 case of transient diabetes insipidus. Side effects specific to TORS included minor sore throat, transient hypernasal speech, and 1 case of delayed otitis media. The mean length of hospital stay and mean follow up were 8.25 days and 82 days, respectively.CONCLUSIONSTo our knowledge, this is the first report of the surgical treatment of sellar tumors by means of a minimally invasive TORS. This approach using the da Vinci Surgical System seems feasible and constitutes an innovative neurosurgical technique that may avoid the adverse side effects and technical disadvantages of the classic transsphenoidal route. Moreover, TORS allows an inferosuperior approach to the sella turcica, which is a key point, as the tumor is approached in the direction of its growth.
Stable Angina Treatment Strategies and Current Practices in Lahore, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Ahmed Ali , Tanveer Maria , Bano Naheed , Khan Gul Majid 
Published: December 2016

The purpose of the study was to analyze the prescription trends in the treatment of stable angina and to identify the therapeutic agents being prescribed majorly In Pakistan and to analyze that whether the current prescription patterns are in accordance with evidence based guidelines. A concurrent type of study was conducted from 24-01-2015 to 24-04-2015, through collection of data from prescriptions of patients suffering from stable angina in public sector hospitals of Lahore Pakistan. Data observations from the total 200 prescriptions collected from the hospitals of Lahore graphically demonstrate the trends of drug classes per prescription. The study identified that in the treatment of stable angina Antiplatelet are the most frequently prescribed drug class in Lahore and adjacent areas. Followed by CCBs on 2nd rank and nitrates on 3rd rank, ACE inhibitors and ARBs on 4th number, after which statins occupy the 5th position, lastly comes the position of beta blocker i.e. 6th and diuretics are the least prescribed class. The anti-platelet blocker drugs were the most prescribed drug class in the management of chronic stable angina followed by calcium channel and vasodilators occupying the second and third rank respectively. The study also revealed that men are 1.5 times more vulnerable to the development of angina than the females. The study is also showing concrete evidence that there is strong need to follow guidelines for proper treatment.Ahmed et al., International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, December 2016, 6(1): 1-5http://www.icpjonline.com/documents/Vol6Issue1/01.pdf
Effect of Minor Populations of NS5A and NS5B Resistance-Associated Variants on HCV Genotype-3 Response to Daclatasvir plus Sofosbuvir, with or without Ribavirin
Authors: McPhee Fiona , Hernandez Dennis , Zhou Nannan 
Published: December 2016

Background Treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 3 (GT3) is a medical priority. All-oral treatment of HCV GT3 with daclatasvir (DCV) and sofosbuvir (SOF), with or without ribavirin (RBV), is recommended by several treatment guidelines. The impact of HCV minority populations at amino acid positions in NS5A and NS5B associated with drug resistance on response to DCV+SOF±RBV was assessed in SOF-naive and SOF-experienced HCV patients. Methods The presence of baseline NS5A or NS5B polymorphisms was assessed in 227 and 167 HCV-GT3-infected patients, respectively, from four clinical studies of DCV+SOF±RBV. Polymorphisms were identified at a sequencing detection threshold of ≥10%, and at ≥1% by next-generation sequencing (NGS) for a subset. Results No SOF resistance-associated polymorphisms were detected at baseline. Among 58 patients with prospective baseline sequencing data at ≥10% and ≥1%, detectable NS5A substitutions at A30 (A30K/R/S/T/V), S62 (S62A/F/K/L/T) or Y93H were 38% more prevalent at ≥1% compared with ≥10% (55% [32/58] versus 41% [24/58] of patients), although sustained virological response (SVR) in patients with these substitutions remained the same at both sequencing thresholds (88%). Only one additional Y93H was detected at ≥1%; the patient achieved SVR. In two virological failures with baseline Y93H, a minority S62L substitution at baseline was enriched from <20% to ≥95% at failure. Treatment-emergent minority populations (at A30, L31, P32, P58 and E92) observed by NGS in four virological failures became undetectable by week 24 post-treatment. Conclusions Sequencing at a depth of ≥10% appears to be sufficient to predict HCV GT3 response to DCV+SOF±RBV.
Le Prince d’Albert Memmi, une tentative théâtrale sur le pouvoir et la domination
Authors: Sanson Hervé 
Published: December 2016

Le Prince d’Albert Memmi est la seule tentative d’écriture théâtrale jamais tentée par l’écrivain et sociologue franco-tunisien à ce jour, et encore inédite. Dans cette ébauche, les principales problématiques ayant nourri l’œuvre de Memmi sont présentes : les rapports de domination, tout d’abord, ceux de classe, mais aussi les rapports de genres, et donc l’oppression féminine. Cet essai théâtral offre également une réflexion sur la nature du pouvoir, thématique centrale dans le roman Le Désert qui lui est contemporain. L’étude du dossier génétique propose enfin une perspective fort intéressante sur ce que doit être l’œuvre théâtrale, et sa dimension visuelle, première selon Memmi.
Copy Editing of the Journal Articles
Authors: Mahaliyanaarachchi Rohana P 
Published: December 2016

Here I would like make your attention to the importance of copy editing of articles before publishing in a journal. Copy editing can be done by author himself or by the editorial office of the journal for accepted articles for publication. Copy editing is a process that guarantees that the text of the article is correct in terms of grammar, spelling, punctuations, terminology, and formatting. It is also a role of copy editors to ensure the flow of the article and make sure it is sensible and readable. They are also responsible for adding headers, headlines, banners, footnotes and other improvements for the article wherever necessary.Copy editors require a number of skills such as excellent command of the language, ability to identify inconsistencies of the article and should be able to identify factual errors. Sometimes, even though the quality of study is high, language deficiencies occur due to language barriers of non-native writers. Standard copy-editing of an article helps international researchers to eliminate language barriers and accept their work and publish in prestigious international journals. Therefore, it is an important requirement in today’s publishing business to copy edit ensure the quality of the article, book or any other piece of writing.From this volume, the Journal of Agricultural Sciences seriously consider of copy editing and all the papers published in this issue are copy edited by a professional copy editor. Our effort is to produce the highest quality journal in the field of agricultural sciences by ensuring all the quality aspects of a prestigious journal. While we are not looking towards gaining any financial benefit via the publishing of this journal, we must appreciate the support given by the top administration of the Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka in publishing this journal by providing substantial funds.At present, the JAS has been included in more than 35 journal databases including AGRICOLA, AGORA, Cabi Abstracts, TEEL and DOAJ. It depicts the wider acceptance of JAS by international citations and journal databases. This is an indicator for our progress in the quality of our journal during past years. There were many personages behind this success. Accordingly, the honour of this success effort must go to Dr. Chandrika Dissanayake - Coordinating Editor of JAS, Mr Prasad C. Iddamalgoda, Mr. Udesh Gayan Kumara, Ms Suiox Cummings and Andy Nobes of SLJOL, all the authors, reviewers and also the members of the Editorial Committee.
HTLV-1 Tax-Specific CTL Epitope–Pulsed Dendritic Cell Therapy Reduces Proviral Load in Infected Rats with Immune Tolerance against Tax
Authors: Ando Satomi , Hasegawa Atsuhiko , Murakami Yuji , Zeng Na , Takatsuka Natsuko , Maeda Yasuhiro , Masuda Takao , Suehiro Youko , Kannagi Mari 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), a CD4+ T cell malignancy with a poor prognosis, is caused by human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. High proviral load (PVL) is a risk factor for the progression to ATL. We previously reported that some asymptomatic carriers had severely reduced functions of CTLs against HTLV-1 Tax, the major target Ag. Furthermore, the CTL responses tended to be inversely correlated with PVL, suggesting that weak HTLV-1–specific CTL responses may be involved in the elevation of PVL. Our previous animal studies indicated that oral HTLV-1 infection, the major route of infection, caused persistent infection with higher PVL in rats compared with other routes. In this study, we found that Tax-specific CD8+ T cells were present, but not functional, in orally infected rats as observed in some human asymptomatic carriers. Even in the infected rats with immune unresponsiveness against Tax, Tax-specific CTL epitope–pulsed dendritic cell (DC) therapy reduced the PVL and induced Tax-specific CD8+ T cells capable of proliferating and producing IFN-γ. Furthermore, we found that monocyte-derived DCs from most infected individuals still had the capacity to stimulate CMV-specific autologous CTLs in vitro, indicating that DC therapy may be applicable to most infected individuals. These data suggest that peptide-pulsed DC immunotherapy will be useful to induce functional HTLV-1–specific CTLs and decrease PVL in infected individuals with high PVL and impaired HTLV-1–specific CTL responses, thereby reducing the risk of the development of ATL.
Anatomicosurgical References for Endoscopic Localization of Sphenopalatine Foramen: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Gupta Ashok , Sahni Daisy , Gupta Tulika , Aggarwal Anjali 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
In patients with posterior epistaxis, generally the source of bleeding is branches of sphenopalatine artery (SPA), which enter the nasal cavity through the sphenopalatine foramen (SPF). Cases of intractable massive bleeding may require endonasal endoscopic occlusion of these vessels.

Materials and methods
A total of 32 hemisections of formalinfixed cadaveric heads were used. The anatomic variations of SPF, its distance from anatomical landmarks, and angle of elevation of endoscope were studied so as to facilitate accurate localization of the foramen and endoscopic arterial ligation.

Results
The SPF was generally single; however, multiple exits in the form of accessory foramina were found in 36.75% hemisections. The transition of superior and middle meatuses was the most common location of SPF, followed by the superior meatus, and middle meatus was the least common site. The accessory foramina were commonly present in the superior meatus. Ethmoid crest was distinctly visible in all but two cases. In majority of the cases, the SPF was located within a range of 55 to 65 mm from the anterior nasal spine (ANS); 60 to 70 mm from piriform aperture, 50 to 60 mm from limen nasi, 20.1 to 25 mm vertically above the floor of nasal cavity, and 8 to 15 mm from the inferior turbinate (IT). The angulation of SPF from the floor of nasal cavity was 20 to 30°.

Conclusion
Exploration of lateral nasal wall (LNW) up to middle meatus would minimize the risk of missing any arterial branch, and the data of distance from the anatomical references would assist in more precise localization of SPF during endoscopic ligation or cauterization of the branches of the SPA.

How to cite this article
Aggarwal A, Gupta T, Sahni D, Gupta A. Anatomicosurgical References for Endoscopic Localization of Sphenopalatine Foramen: A Cadaveric Study. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(3):109-114.
Isolated Abducens Nerve Palsy Secondary to Isolated Sphenoid Sinus Disease: Case Series
Authors: Harugop Anilkumar Suryadev , Mudhol Ramesh S , Bellad Shama A , Hajare Priti S , Kaku Dharmishtha R , Hiremath Basavaraj 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Isolated sphenoid sinusitis is a rare entity. Due to noncharacteristic primary manifestations, most of the patients present with ophthalmic complications, most commonly proptosis and diplopia. We report here the case series of two patients who presented with diplopia, blurred vision, and headache. Diagnosis of isolated abducens nerve palsy secondary to isolated sphenoid sinus disease was made, and both the patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). We hereby propose that prompt diagnosis and treatment of isolated sphenoidal sinusitis is very important, and abducens nerve (CN6) palsy could be attributed to the disease condition as both the patients’ condition improved after surgery.

How to cite this article
Harugop AS, Mudhol RS, Bellad SA, Hajare PS, Kaku DR, Hiremath B. Isolated Abducens Nerve Palsy Secondary to Isolated Sphenoid Sinus Disease: Case Series. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(3):137-140.
Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Lateral Nasal Wall: An Unusual Entity
Authors: Bhardwaj Aparna , Rathi Sonam 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTPleomorphic adenomas occurring in the nasal cavity are rarely encountered; nevertheless, there is abundance of minor seromucinous glands in that region. Most cases present with a painless, slowly progressing unilateral nasal obstruction, a nasal mass, and epistaxis. Herewith, we present an unusual case of pleomorphic adenoma arising from the lateral wall of the right nasal cavity in a 41-year-old male who complained of right nasal obstruction with no history of epistaxis. Rigid nasal endoscopy revealed a swelling continuous with right inferior concha. Computed tomography showed a well-defined, soft tissue mass in the right nasal cavity. The lesion was completely excised endoscopically. Histopathology confirmed a pleomorphic adenoma consisting of epithelial and mesenchymal elements. Wide exposure is crucial for complete excision with negative margins to achieve positive outcome and to prevent recurrence.How to cite this articlePandey AK, Bhardwaj A, Maithani T, Rathi S. Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Lateral Nasal Wall: An Unusual Entity. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(3):146-148.
An Unusual ENT Presentation of Retinoblastoma: A Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Saha Subhasis , Das Saumik , Jana Tamoghna , Sengupta Moushumi , Saha Asok K 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular tumor of childhood. These tumors, though they respond to treatment, are prone to develop secondary malignancy, recurrence, and metastasis, which may present as sinonasal mass. We are presenting a rare case of metastatic retinoblastoma of sinonasal region in a 3-year-old male child. The mode of presentation and management of the case is presented along with a review of the literature.

How to cite this article
Jana T, Sengupta M, Das S, Saha AK, Saha S. An Unusual ENT Presentation of Retinoblastoma: A Diagnostic Dilemma. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(3):149-152.