bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovative Event Management: Strengthening DigitalIdentity and Access Control with Sui Blockchain
Authors: Sri Suthir , Saraf Priyanka , R Tharaniesh P , VIJAYARAJ NIVETHITHA , MURUGAN THANGAVEL 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The evolution of blockchain technology offers transformative ability for event control, specially in enhancing safety, transparency,and efficiency across the industry. This paper introduces a blockchain-based event management machine that leveragesSui blockchain era to cope with vital challenges together with ticket fraud, facts security, and excessive transaction costs,which can be normal in conventional occasion management systems. The proposed system consists of several revolutionaryfeatures: Tickets to the gadget: making use of the concept of NFT, the machine ensures that each price tag is specific, istamper evidence and cannot be cast. It also guarantees the validity of tickets and on the same time ensures that the ticketis transferable to and fro even as the possession of the price ticket is totally and without a doubt disclosed. zkLogin forSeamless person Authentication: zkLogin is then carried out inside the platform to make certain users can be authenticated ina privacy-preserving way while on the equal time having high safety. This mechanism may be pretty useful for the users due tothe fact they can log in as speedy and discreetly as feasible without any hazard to their debts’ protection. Suiet Sui pocketsfor value-powerful Transactions: Merging of Suiet and Sui wallet allows reasonably-priced transactions and something that isalways financially draining when using blockchain systems is deposits luxurious transactions prices. This makes the platformto be open to a much wider market specially to folks that are organizing small scale events. because of decentralizing theoccasion control technique the platform reduces all feasible dangers that can occur in situation of centralized systems like forinstance unmarried factors of failure and also creates better transparency of price ticket sales and distribution. moreover, thisgreatly decentralizes the machine which drastically decreases the transaction costs making the answer fiscally sustainablefor events of numerous scales. This paper additionally gives the design and implementation of the platform as well as thepower of the platform depending on the kind and size of the occasion. The research indicates that the usage of this blockchaintechnology increases the safety and the verifiability of the occasion tickets further to providing a solution to the entire drift of theoccasion starting from price tag distribution to price ticket authentication and transaction control.
Mitigating Biofouling in Cooling Water System: Actibromide® to Combat Perna viridis Infestation and environmental impact
Authors: Badakumar Bandita , Inbakandan D. , Venkatnarayanan S. , Mohan T. V. Krishna , Nancharaiah Y. V. , Veeramani P. , Pandey N. K. , Mu P. Sriyutha 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Heavy settlement and fouling of green mussels were observed in the process seawater heat exchangers (PSWHX) and conduits at the Madras Atomic Power Station (MAPS), despite the use of a continuous low-dose chlorination (CLDC) regime. This regime involved maintaining total residual oxidant (TRO) levels at 0.2 ± 0.1 mg/L and performing twice-weekly booster dosing at 0.4 ± 0.1 mg/L. To enhance the efficiency of these heat exchangers, supplemental targeted dosing of Actibromide® was considered. The efficacy of this biocide on adult green mussels was evaluated to determine the appropriate in-plant concentrations (0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/L TRO). The results showed 100% mussel mortality after 12 days at 0.2 mg/L, 7 days at 0.5 mg/L, and 4 days at 1.0 mg/L. Actibromide® exerted toxic effects on mussels by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), which inhibited cellular processes in various tissues, including the gills, mantle, digestive gland, and foot. The highest ROS generation was observed in the digestive gland compared to other tissues. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production increased in a dose-dependent manner under Actibromide® stress, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity were highest in the digestive gland. DNA damage, expressed as % tail DNA in a comet assay, indicated that even the lowest dose of Actibromide® (0.2 mg/L) induced significant DNA damage (34%). Additionally, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, a sensitive biomarker for neurotoxic stress, showed reduced activity (80–91%) at all tested biocidal concentrations. This study clearly demonstrates that Actibromide® penetrates green mussels at the cellular level, causing severe damage to the gills and digestive glands, reducing feed consumption, and inducing both neurotoxic and genotoxic effects. Therefore, supplemental targeted dosing of Actibromide® (0.2 to 0.5 mg/L) is recommended for effective green mussel control in PSWHX systems.
Immobilization of enzymes for synergy in polymers to produce lactose free milk
Authors: Peta Gayathri , Avrahami Ron , Zussman Eyal , Greiner Andreas , Rokem J. Stefan , Greenblatt Charles 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Stabilization of the enzyme lactase is of interest in obtaining lactose-free foods. Optimization of the lactase enzyme activity was examined using different methods of immobilization, encapsulation, and electrospinning, and compared with the activity of the free enzyme. The lactase was also studied in combination with glucose oxidase and catalase to reduce feedback inhibition of glucose and the toxicity of H₂O₂. The core-shell technique of electrospinning was used, with lactase embedded in an aqueous core and protected by a non-biodegradable shell. Electrospinning increased the stability of lactase activity, and the immobilized enzyme could be reused. The enzyme activity was stable for four weeks, and it remained active after three months of storage at 4°C in PBS. This approach was a modest attempt to study the possible benefits of enzyme synergy.
Piloting Methods for Obtaining User Preferences of Audio Signal Processing Techniques in Simulated Hearing Aids
Authors: Jones Oscar , Greasley Alinka , Kuehnel Volker , Lesimple Christophe , Wenhart Teresa , Picinali Lorenzo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The development of Hearing Aids (HA) has mainly focused on improving speech intelligibility, often relying on signal processing techniques which have a negative impact on music listening. Music Programmes (MP) are sets of parameters intended to improve music quality through HAs, however, assessing their effectiveness is difficult and so far relatively inconclusive. This study begins to address this as part of a wider project to improve the music listening experience for HA users. A literature review on audio quality evaluation and preferences elicitation identifies some potential issues in the current popular methods of assessing MPs and HAs, while also providing some examples from other fields which may be applicable in HA evaluation.A pilot study investigates the reliability of different methods for capturing preferences for MPs on simulated HAs, including direct numerical ranking and pairwise comparisons. Initial tests reveal that direct numerical ranking can produce inconsistent results, whereas pairwise comparisons, analysed using the Bradley-Terry-Luce model and a novel rank swapping method, show more reliable outcomes. Future work will focus on leveraging reliable preference data to uncover the aspects of signal processing that most influence listener satisfaction.
Large-scale experimental study on scour around both slender and large monopiles under irregular waves
Authors: enyu Gong , Songgui Chen , Xin Chen , Dawei Guan , Jinhai Zheng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The offshore wind power is of great significance in the energy strategy. The experimental results simulated by traditional small-scale physical model may become unreliable when extrapolated to strong field scales. This work conducts large scale (1:13) experiments to study the scour hole pattern and equilibrium scour depth around both slender and large monopiles under irregular waves. The Keulegan-Carpenter (KC) number ranges from 1.01 to 8.89, and the diffraction parameter (D/L) number ranges from 0.016 to 0.056. The large-scale experiment indicates changes of maximum scour location and scour hole shape around slender monopile are associated with KC number, and the changes are different in irregular and regular waves. The accuracy of existing scour formulae under irregular waves is improved by improving the calculation of KC number. The maximum scour location around large monopile is always located on both sides, regardless of the KC and D/L numbers, but the topography of the scour hole is related to both. The scour range is at least as large as the diameter of the large monopile.
Mitochondrial DNA oxidation propagates autoimmunity by enabling plasmacytoid dendritic cells induce Tfh differentiation
Authors: Karin Michael , Xian Hongxu , Ohira Masafumi , Watari Kosuke , Brito Jonathan , Onyuru Janset , Zuniga Elina , Hoffman Hal 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

NLRP3 inflammasome activation depends on stress-induced production of oxidized mitochondrial DNA (Ox-mtDNA) fragments that enter the cytoplasm to bind NLRP3 and activate caspase-1. Along with pro-IL-1β processing, caspase-1 generates gasdermin D pores that result in circulatory mtDNA release. Elevated amounts of circulating cell-free (ccf)-mtDNA, which is likely to be oxidized, were documented in the elderly and patients with metabolic and autoimmune disorders and its intra-articular injection elicited arthritis in mice. Investigating whether ccf-mtDNA may promote autoimmunity, we found that induction of sustained Ox-mtDNA release triggered by a prototypical NLRP3 inflammasome activator elicited autoantibody production and glomerulonephritis in mice. Similar autoimmune responses, dependent on plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) and T follicular helper cells (Tfh), were elicited by in-vitro generated Ox-mtDNA but not by non-oxidized mtDNA. Although both mtDNA forms were internalized by pDC and induced interferon-a, only Ox-mtDNA stimulated autocrine IL-1β signaling that induced expression of immunoregulatory and co-stimulatory molecules, including IL-21, that enabled mouse and human pDC convert naïve CD4+ T cells into functional Tfh, supportive of autoantibody production. Highlighting pDC-generated IL-1β as an orchestrator of autoantibody production, these findings suggest that Ox-mtDNA could be a key participant in immune-aging and unravel new therapeutic opportunities.
The Value of Early Root Development Traits in Breeding Programs for Biomass Yield in Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)
Authors: Malinowska Marta , Kristensen Peter Skov , Nielsen Bjarne , Fè Dario , Ruud Anja Karine , Lenk Ingo , Greve Morten , Asp Torben 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is an important forage grass widely used in pastures and lawns, valued for its high nutritive value and environmental benefits. Despite its importance, genetic improvements in biomass yield have been slow, mainly due to complexities in breeding such as its outbreeding nature and the challenges of improving multiple traits simultaneously. This study aims to assess the potential advantages of including early root traits in the perennial ryegrass selection process. Using rhizoboxes to phenotype root traits under glasshouse environment, we collected data on early root morphology and correlated these traits with yield data from three field locations across Europe collected over two years. We employed bivariate models to assess the genetic correlations between early root traits and biomass yield, finding significant positive genetic correlations, particularly for total root length (TRL). Our results demonstrate that early root traits exhibit substantial heritability show potential as predictors of field yield. Incorporating these traits into selection criteria can improve the efficiency of breeding programs, potentially increasing genetic gain by approximately 10%. This study underscores the potential of using early root development traits to enhance perennial ryegrass breeding programs, ultimately contributing to higher biomass yields.
Immunoinformatics-Based Design of Broad-Spectrum Multi-Epitope Vaccines Targeting Mutations in Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants
Authors: Mei Xueyin , Xie Wanrong , Lin Xue , Zhu Liguo , Li Jian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, intensified by emerging SARS-CoV-2 mutations, highlights the urgent need for enhanced vaccines. Despite considerable efforts in vaccine design, improvements are still required in formulating vaccines targeting the novel coronavirus. This study, utilized immunoinformatics and reverse vaccinology to design multi-epitope vaccines targeting emerging variations. B and T cell epitopes were generated by analyzing the mutation sites of the prevalent variant strains, and two vaccines were designed by linking with two different adjuvants. Interaction of the model vaccines with four Toll-like receptors (TLR) revealed a relatively high affinity between vaccines and immune receptors. Codon optimization and computational cloning were conducted to validate the robustness of the multi-epitope vaccines and immunogenic simulations were performed to assess the antigenicity and antibody generation capability of the vaccine. The L455S mutation in the JN.1 variant and its adjacent F456L mutation on antibody effectiveness against the XBB variant revealed that 15 antibody structures maintained a certain level of binding affinity. This study offers an immunological evaluation from a mutation-centric perspective and integrates co-evolutionary analysis with immunoinformatics to design effective multi-epitope vaccines targeting various SARS-CoV-2 strains. The methodologies applied in this research can also be extended to the vaccine development for other pathogens.
On Relative importance of C-H‧‧‧O, C-H‧‧‧π and S‧‧‧π interactions in the crystal of 2H-1-benzopyran-2-one phenyl sulfoxide - A coumarin derivative
Authors: Joarddar Provash , Biswas Goutam , Jana Atish Dipankar , Halder Sasthi Charan , Kundu Sandip , Dasgupta Subrata 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Weak intermolecular interactions play crucial role in molecular assembly and crystal packing. Though C-H‧‧‧O, C-H‧‧‧π interactions have received much attention, the S‧‧‧π interactions have received little attention. Present paper explores the relative importance of C-H‧‧‧O, C-H‧‧‧π and S‧‧‧π interactions in the crystal packing of 2H -1-benzopyran − 2-one phenyl sulfoxide, a coumarin molecule. Investigation of intermolecular interactions and crystal packing through Hirshfeld surface analysis reveals that the maximum of the close contacts are due to weak interactions. Furthermore, their structures were optimized using density functional theory (DFT) calculations with the M062X hybrid functional and the 6-311G++(d,p) basis set. We investigated the Mulliken charges, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), and frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO-LUMO). Further the molecular docking studies with Human Serum Albumin (HSA) revealed that the compound exhibits better binding affinity compared to Coumarin, suggesting that it may serve as a more effective inhibitor.
Study of Iron Deficiency Anemia in First Three Trimesters of Pregnant Women During in RAMADAN: A Prospective Study.
Authors: Ahmed  , ZUBAEDA  
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Iron deficiency is defined as a condition in which Hemoglobin (Hb) level in the body is lower than normal, which results in decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells to tissues, Pregnant women with Iron Deficiency Anemia are at a higher risk of postpartum hemorrhage.
METHODS: This study was a prospective analytical study conducted at the Sabratha Laboratory from RAMADAN 2021 to 2023.This study was conducted on all pregnant women with hemoglobin level less than 11 gm/dl in the first trimester and less than 10 gm/dl in the second and third trimesters. Data were 30 cases collected by studying from the Sabratha Laboratory in Libya.
A self-designed questionnaire was used. The questionnaire was translated into the Arabic language for ease of understanding and administration to study the population.
CONCLUSION: To improve maternal and fetal outcomes, it is recommended that primary health care has to be strengthened and high priority has to be given to aspects such as prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of anemia in pregnancy before Fasting Ramadan.
Investigating bifurcations and thermal behavior in chaotic fractional-order exothermic reactions with reactant consumption
Authors: Makinde Oluwole Daniel , Khan Zafar Hayat , Khan Waqar Ahmed , Trounev Alexander , Ahmad Rashid 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study presents a complete investigation of the chaotic fractional-order exothermic decomposition in a flow channel, concentrating on the interaction between reactant consumption and thermal dynamics. By employing a time-fractional derivative method, we originate and solve the system of differential equations along with boundary conditions, leading to a vigorous numerical procedure that apprehends the complex behavior of the system. The simulations deliver complete profiles of velocity, temperature, and concentration, depicting both stable and unstable solutions. The Nusselt number and Sherwood number are assessed, highlighting their implication in understanding thermal and flow characteristics. The algorithm highlights stable and unstable solutions by implementing the fractional order derivatives, using a numerical scheme to identify stable/unstable regions of the solution across various governing parameters. We investigate bifurcation phenomena and analyze the effects of the Biot number and reactant consumption rate on the bifurcation plane. Additionally, we discover temperature and concentration profiles, as well as Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. The perceptions attained from this research not only improve the forecast and control of thermal behaviors in industrial processes but also contribute to enhanced safety and efficiency in chemical manufacturing. These discoveries underline the potential for advanced control strategies to discourse challenges modelled by exothermic reactions, guaranteeing optimal operational conditions. It is believed that this research might be useful in enhancing temperature control in catalytic reactors, enhancing effectiveness and safety in chemical production processes. One noteworthy application of this research is in the optimization of temperature control in catalytic reactors used in the making of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals, wherein the precise temperature management is crucial for yield and product quality.
Effect of Ophthalmic Preparation of Methyldopa on Induced Ocular Hypertension in rabbits
Authors: Gatea Foouad Kadhim , Hussein Zeena Ayad , Mahmood Haitham Kadhim , abu-raghif ahmed rahmah 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Glaucoma is a type of ocular disorder with multifaceted etiologies characterized by progressive optic nerve damage and ultimately loss of visual field. This study evaluated the possible IOP-lowering effect of an ophthalmic preparation of methyldopa in corticosteroid-induced ocular hypertension in rabbits. 40 New Zealand white male rabbits were assigned to the experiment and then randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 8). Ocular hypertension was induced by weekly subconjunctival injection of betamethasone suspension in both eyes. Animal groups included the control (healthy) group, which received the ophthalmic vehicle only, the standard (timolol) group, which received 0.5% timolol ED, and the MD groups, which received 0.5%, 1%, and 2% of methyldopa ophthalmic preparation. Treatments were applied to the right eye twice daily for 7 days whereas the left eye served as control and was given only distilled water. IOP was recorded and ocular reflexes were observed. Weekly subconjunctival injections of betamethasone resulted in a significant elevation in the IOP (P ≤ 0.001) that was reduced after treatments with timolol 0.5% and MD at different concentrations. Timolol showed the highest reduction (P ≤ 0.001) in the mean IOP with a 30% reduction. MD showed a concentration-dependent reduction with the highest reduction (P ≤ 0.01) observed at 2% compared to the induced/DW eyes and no significant difference compared to the timolol 0.5% (P ≥ 0.05) with a 24.2% reduction in the mean IOP. Methyldopa managed to reduce the IOP in the chronic model of glaucoma, making MD a promising addition to the anti-glaucoma medications.
Agricultural Census Reports on Environmental Issues in Rural Properties
Authors: Morato Carlos Henrique de Oliveira , Farinha Maycon Jorge Ulisses Saraiva , Bernardo Luciana Virginia Mario 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analyze data from the Agricultural Census regarding the Technical Guidance provided to rural producers and the Agricultural Practices adopted. For this purpose, data on rural properties across different regions of Brazil were collected, along with information on Technical Guidance and Agricultural Practices at the regional and municipal levels. A percentage analysis was conducted to characterize the data by region, and a paired T-Test was used to identify statistically significant differences between the 2006 and 2017 Censuses for the variables of Technical Guidance and Agricultural Practices. Significant differences were found in Technical Guidance, showing an overall decrease during the period analyzed. For Agricultural Practices, the results revealed low percentages of declared adoption.
Variable effects of a fire-retardant gradient on seasonal wetland communities
Authors: Rennert Monica E. , Kneitel Jamie M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Wildfires have become larger and more severe in recent decades. Fire retardant is one of the most common wildfire response tools to protect against loss of life and property. Previous studies have documented various effects of fire retardant, which commonly contains chemicals used in fertilizers, on plant and invertebrate community composition. This mesocosm study investigated the effects of fire retardant on water quality and plant and invertebrate communities in California vernal pools. This study found that fire retardant caused water quality conditions to shift from oligotrophic to eutrophic with strong correlations between fire retardant and phosphates, nitrates, conductivity, and chlorophyll-a. Algal cover increased with added fire-retardant concentration. Shifts in invertebrate and plant communities occurred even at relatively low fire-retardant concentrations. Abundance of passive dispersers (crustaceans) peaked at medium concentrations of fire retardant, but time also influenced the relationship between fire retardant and passive invertebrate abundance. Active disperser (insects) abundance increased with increasing fire-retardant concentration and invertebrate richness peaked at medium concentrations. This study informs land managers, government agencies, and the public of the side-effects of fire-retardant use on populations, communities, and water quality of freshwater ecosystems.