bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vapoter favorise-t-il le tabagisme chez les adolescents et les jeunes adultes ? Revue de la littérature
Authors: Gautier Sylvain , Kinouani Shérazade , Raherison Chantal 
Published: October 2017

Objectif : L’expérimentation de la cigarette électronique est significativement plus fréquente chez les 15-24 ans que dans les autres classes d’âge. Parce qu’elle peut contenir de la nicotine, la cigarette électronique pourrait constituer un mode d’entrée dans le tabagisme. Dans cet article, nous proposons un état des connaissances scientifiques concernant l’initiation ou le renforcement du tabagisme par le vapotage chez les jeunes. Méthodes : Analyse qualitative menée en janvier 2016. Les articles rapportant des études longitudinales réalisées chez des adolescents et des jeunes adultes exposés à la cigarette électronique ont été sélectionnés. Résultats : Cinq articles ont été retenus parmi les 544 documents identifiés. Sur les cinq études observationnelles prospectives analysées, quatre concluaient à un sur-risque d’initier une consommation de tabac lors de l’exposition à l’e-cigarette chez des jeunes non-fumeurs. La probabilité à un an pour de jeunes adultes vapoteurs d’initier une consommation de tabac était 8,3 (IC 95 % = 1,2-58,6) à 12,7 (IC 95 % = 4,0-40,3) fois supérieure à celle des non-vapoteurs. Avoir déjà vapoté augmentait de 75 % le risque à un an de fumer une cigarette traditionnelle chez des adolescents de 14 ans. Conclusion : L’initiation au tabagisme et son maintien sont significativement associés à l’usage de cigarette électronique chez les adolescents et jeunes adultes. En raison de faiblesses méthodologiques, ces résultats sont à interpréter avec prudence.
Optimisation de la cartographie des processus du système d’information de l’Hôpital Militaire d’Instruction Mohammed V
Authors: Jabbar Sanae , Lahboube Farid , Souissi Nissrine , Roudies Ounsa 
Published: October 2017

Introduction : L’élaboration d’une cartographie des processus n’est pas une chose aisée, car au-delà de la détermination des processus-clés de l’organisme, elle peut difficilement décrire toutes les interactions, sous peine de devenir incompréhensible. C’est dans ce contexte que l’Hôpital militaire de Rabat souhaite revoir sa cartographie des processus pour qu’elle converge vers la cartographie de référence proposée par l’Agence nationale d’appui à la performance. Celle-ci a pour objectif la standardisation et l’amélioration des cartographies fonctionnelles des systèmes de production de soins. Méthodes : Afin d’assister les agents de l’Hôpital militaire de Rabat (directeur, médecins, infirmiers, etc.) dans leur démarche de convergence vers la cartographie de référence, nous proposons dans cet article l’application d’une méthode de convergence sur la cartographie actuelle de l’Hôpital afin de guider ses agents dans leur démarche d’élaboration d’une cartographie des processus optimale respectant les recommandations en matière d’urbanisation des systèmes d’informations tout en restant conforme aux orientations stratégiques. Résultats et discussion : Les résultats obtenus à l’issue de l’application de cette méthode à la cartographie initiale de l’hôpital dénotent un impact fonctionnel et organisationnel positif notamment en matière d’optimisation des flux entre processus.
Pathologie respiratoire et profession chez les travailleurs indépendants
Authors: Ha-Vinh Philippe , Randelli Philippe , Régnard Pierre 
Published: October 2017

Introduction  : pour un régime d’assurance maladie qui protège des travailleurs, les exonérations du ticket modérateur pour insuffisance respiratoire chronique grave ou les remboursements d’oxygénothérapie à domicile peuvent être utilisés comme marqueurs d’insuffisance respiratoire chronique sévère. Notre but était de rechercher des différences de prévalence de ces marqueurs selon la profession exercée. Méthodes  : nous avons analysé la base de données des remboursements du Régime social des travailleurs indépendants en termes d’âge, de genre, de profession exercée et de lieu de domicile. La variable dépendante était un marqueur d’insuffisance respiratoire chronique sévère. Résultats  : les 153 334 assurés (moyenne d’âge : 49 ans ; sex-ratio : 2,3 hommes pour une femme) présentaient une prévalence de 0,70 %. Après ajustement la prévalence était plus élevée chez les assurés a) domiciliés dans un département à fort taux de chômage (odds ratio (OR) = 1,526 intervalle de confiance (IC) : 1,296 ; 1,798), b) domiciliés dans un département faiblement urbanisé (OR = 1,703 IC : 1,241 ; 2,337), c) appartenant à une des professions suivantes : boulanger (OR = 2,526 IC : 1,783 ; 3,580), buraliste (OR = 2,287 IC : 1,640 3,187), prothésiste dentaire (OR = 2,105 IC : 1,055 ; 4,200), travailleur du métal (OR = 1,997 IC : 1,250 ; 3,190), transporteur (OR = 1,916 IC : 1,383 ; 2,654), maçon (OR = 1,814 IC : 1,346 ; 2,445), vendeur non sédentaire sur éventaires et marchés (OR = 1,811 IC : 1,305 ; 2,512), travailleur de l’hôtellerie et de la restauration (OR = 1,478 IC : 1,108 ; 1,972), autres travailleurs du bâtiment (OR = 1,400 IC : 1,002 ; 1,954). Conclusion  : la prévalence des marqueurs d’insuffisance respiratoire chronique sévère varie selon la profession. Les actions de prévention de l’insuffisance respiratoire devraient être renforcées auprès des professions présentant les prévalences les plus fortes.
L'expérience genevoise : le Département de Médecine Communautaire
Authors: Stalder H. 
Published: October 2017

Garantir l’accès au système de santé pour des personnes vivant en précarité et promouvoir l’enseignement et la recherche en médecine (interne) générale (médecine de premier recours) : telles sont les missions du Département de Médecine communautaire des Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève. Cette double activité médico-sociale et académique, illustrée par les soins offerts aux personnes sans domicile fixe et aux clandestins, permet de remplir plusieurs exigences du programme « Vers l’Unité pour la Santé ». Il faut cependant souligner qu’une telle structure reste fragile.
The NF-κB–Responsive Long Noncoding RNA FIRRE Regulates Posttranscriptional Regulation of Inflammatory Gene Expression through Interacting with hnRNPU
Authors: Lu Yajing , Liu Xu , Xie Minghong , Liu Mingjia , Ye Mengling , Li Mingxuan , Chen Xian-Ming , Li Xiaoqing , Zhou Rui 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs, a newly identified class of noncoding RNAs, are important regulators of gene expression in innate immunity. We report in this study that the transcription of FIRRE, a conserved long noncoding RNA between humans and mice, is controlled by NF-κB signaling in macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells. Functionally, FIRRE appears to positively regulate the expression of several inflammatory genes in macrophages or intestinal epithelial cells in response to LPS stimulation via posttranscriptional mechanisms. Specifically, FIRRE physically interacts with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins U, regulating the stability of mRNAs of selected inflammatory genes through targeting the AU-rich elements of their mRNAs in cells following LPS stimulation. Therefore, our data indicate a new regulatory role for NF-κB–responsive FIRRE in the posttranscriptional regulation of inflammatory genes in the innate immune system.
Nonclassical Monocytes Mediate Secondary Injury, Neurocognitive Outcome, and Neutrophil Infiltration after Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Makinde Hadijat M. , Cuda Carla M. , Just Talia B. , Perlman Harris R. , Schwulst Steven J. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in rapid recruitment of leukocytes into the injured brain. Monocytes constitute a significant proportion of the initial infiltrate and have the potential to propagate secondary brain injury or generate an environment of repair and regeneration. Monocytes are a diverse population of cells (classical, intermediate, and nonclassical) with distinct functions, however, the recruitment order of these subpopulations to the injured brain largely remains unknown. Thus, we examined which monocyte subpopulations are required for the generation of early inflammatory infiltrate within the injured brain, and whether their depletion attenuates secondary injury or neurocognitive outcome. Global monocyte depletion correlated with significant improvements in brain edema, motor coordination, and working memory, and abrogated neutrophil infiltration into the injured brain. However, targeted depletion of classical monocytes alone had no effect on neutrophil recruitment to the site of injury, implicating the nonclassical monocyte in this process. In contrast, mice that have markedly reduced numbers of nonclassical monocytes (CX3CR1−/−) exhibited a significant reduction in neutrophil infiltration into the brain after TBI as compared with control mice. Our data suggest a critical role for nonclassical monocytes in the pathology of TBI in mice, including important clinical outcomes associated with mortality in this injury process.
Mineral Element Concentrations in Vegetables Cultivated in Acidic Compared to Alkaline Areas of South Sweden
Authors: Rosborg Ingegerd , Gerhardsson Lars , Nihlgård Bengt 
Published: October 2017

A study in 1997, on mineral levels in acidic compared to alkaline well waters, and in women's hair, revealed higher concentrations of a number of mineral elements like Ca, Mo and Se in alkaline waters and hair. Thus, median Ca levels were six times higher in well water and five times higher in hair from the alkaline area compared to the acidic area. This finding raised the probability of similar differences in vegetables from these areas. Thus, in the year 2006, 60 women who had participated in the study in 1997 were asked to cultivate parsley, lettuce, carrot and chive. During the spring of 2006, the women from the water and hair study of 1997, 30 of them from the acidic area and 30 women from the alkaline district cultivated vegetables: carrot (Daucus carota L), parsley (Petroselinum crispum), chive (Allium schoenoprasum) and lettuce (Eruca sativa). The vegetables were harvested, and rinsed in tap water from the kitchens of the participating women in August. The concentrations of about 35 elements and ions were determined by ICP OES and ICP-MS predominantly. In addition, soil samples from the different cultivators were also analyzed for a number of elements. Lettuce and parsley showed the highest concentrations of mineral elements per gram dry weight. Only Mo concentrations were significantly higher in all the different vegetables from the alkaline district compared to vegetables from the acidic areas. On the other hand, the concentrations of Ba, Br, Mn, Rb and Zn were higher in all the different vegetables from the acidic area. In the soil, only pH and exchangeable Ca from the alkaline area were higher than from the acidic area, while exchangeable Fe, Mn and Na concentrations were higher in soils from the acidic area. Soil elements like Al, Fe, Li, Ni, Pb, Si, Ti, V, Zn and Zr were found in higher concentrations in lettuce and parsley, which were attributed to soil particles being splashed on the plants by the rain and absorbed by the leaves. Strong correlations appeared between Ca and Sr in all the vegetables, except for carrot. No strong correlations were found between soil elements and vegetable elements, except for soil Mn and carrot/lettuce Mn. The differences in mineral levels in both, vegetables and soils were however small, compared to differences in well waters and hair. It was also suggested that the garden soils on limestone bedrock had been drained of minerals and thereby, the soil had an acidic pH. The contribution of mineral elements to daily intake in humans was considered minor from the analysed vegetables, except for some samples of lettuce that should give significant contributions of Ca, Zn, Mn and Mo. The main conclusion is that, differences in water and hair mineral levels between the two areas in the earlier study (1997) were not mirrored in vegetables cultivated in 2006. Principally, this suggests that, for humans the mineral intake of some elements from water may be more important than from vegetables.
Barriers to Healthcare in a Multiethnic Cohort of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Patients: Patient and Physician Perceptions
Authors:   CaNIOS Investigators, Law Genevieve , Pope Janet , Lalani Sheliza , Silverman Earl , Cooper Glinda , Fortin Paul , Zummer Michel , Smith C. Douglas , Petty Ross , Tucker Lori , Albert Lori , Huber Adam , Ramsey Susanne , Arbillaga Hector , Chedéville Gaëlle , Hudson Marie , Peschken Christine 
Published: October 2017

Objective Barriers to medical care may influence health status. It is unclear whether problems with access can predict clinical outcomes in lupus. This study aimed to determine whether care barriers are associated with increased disease activity and damage in a multi-center, multiethnic SLE cohort. We also compared concordance between care barriers as reported by the patient and lupus specialist. Methods Data from SLE patients in 12 Canadian centers collected at annual visits, including demographics, treatment, disease activity and damage were analyzed. Results 654 patients were enrolled with ethnic groups being Caucasian [CC] (64%), Aboriginal [ABO] (9%), Asian [AS] (21%), and Black [BLK] (6%). 50.8% had at least one barrier to care including travel to a rheumatologist (32.0%), waiting to see a rheumatologist and cost of medications. Access to medication and costs were significantly associated with co-morbidity (p < 0.001, p = 0.04). There were significant associations between ethnicity and any physician perceived care barrier < p < 0.001), mostly in Aboriginal. Doctors identified half of patients who had access to medication problems (p = 0.003) and the relationship between doctors and patients identifying similar care barriers was weak (r = 0.09). A lower total household income significantly predicted the presence of any care barrier (p < 0.001). Conclusions Despite access to a lupus specialist many care barriers were identified, although we found few associations between care barriers and patient outcomes. The cost of medication was related to SLE disease activity; however, we cannot determine if this was cause or effect. Care barriers identified by lupus patients are significantly underestimated by physicians.
Relationship between Synovial Fluid Inflammatory Cells and Grade of Inflammation of Synovium in Patients with Spondylarthropathy
Authors: Luukkainen Reijo , Söderström Karl-Ove , Möttönen Milja , Luukkainen Pekka 
Published: October 2017

Objective To study whether the analysis of synovial fluid (SF) inflammatory cells can be used for the estimation of the grade of inflammation in the synovium and, therefore, for the prediction of the possible development of joint destruction in spondylarthropathy. Methods Forty-one patients with spondylarthropathy and hydropsy in a knee joint were studied. The cellular composition of SF aspirates was investigated and the grade of inflammation in synovial biopsy samples was evaluated by analyzing histological needle biopsy specimens. Results The count of SF polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) reflected significantly the activity of acute inflammation. None of the SF cells reflected the chronic inflammation in the synovium. Conclusion The number of SF PMNs may reflect the severity of acute inflammatory process in the synovium in patients with spodylarthropathy at a given moment, but the analysis of SF aspirates may not be of use in estimating the activity of chronic phase of inflammation presumably causing the joint destruction.
Comparison of Antigenic Regions Identified on IgG1Fc Using Bioinformatics vs Pepscan Analysis
Authors: Nelson Paul N. , Westwood Olwyn M.R. , Freimanis Graham , Roden Denise , Sissaoui Samir , Rylance Paul , Hay Frank C. 
Published: October 2017

Epitope mapping allowed the location of antigenic determinants on a protein macromolecule to be identified. In particular, pepscan techniques that utilize a series of overlapping peptides, help detect key amino acid residues that are important in antibody recognition and binding. In a previous study, we employed 15-mer peptides spanning the entire length of IgG1Fc to ascertain successfully the target epitopes of isotypic/allotypic monoclonal reagents.As an extension to this work we have used these peptides to evaluate the location of epitope targets of five IgM rheumatoid factor antibodies (RFAbs). Overall, 2 antibodies, RFAb TS2 and TS1, detected a similar epitope within the CH3 domain (360-KNQVSLTCLVKGFYP-374), whilst 1 (RFAb SJ1) recognised an epitope in the CH2 domain (294-EQYNSTYRVVSVLTV-308). In contrast, 2 RFAbs, PRSJ2 and PRTS1 detected four and five epitopes respectively within the Fc region. RFAb PRSJ2 recognised epitopes detected by RFAB TS2 and TS1 but also further epitopes in the CH2 domain (256-TPEVTCVVVDVSHED-270) and CH3 domain (418-QQGNVFSCSVMHEAL-432). Similarly, RFAb PRTS1 detected all four epitopes plus a fifth in the CH3 domain (382-ESNGQPENNYKTTPP-396). In essence there was a consensus of target epitopes identified by these rheumatoid factor antibodies. Interestingly, two epitopes (256–270, CH2 domain and 360–374, CH3 domain) were novel in that they had not been identified in previous pepscan studies. The other epitopes recognised, either overlapped or were immediately adjacent to previous epitopes detected by poly/monoclonal rheumatoid factor antibodies.Molecular modelling (PCImdad) of IgG1Fc showed that all five epitopes were exposed and surface accessible for antibody interaction. In addition, a bioinformatics analysis of the Fc region using ExPASy was employed to identify key antigenic determinants. This ‘in silico’ approach may provide a means of determining key regions without the need to develop overlapping peptides spanning the entire length of a macromolecule.
Castleman's Disease: A Study of a Rare Lymphoproliferative Disorder in a University Hospital
Authors: Abdul-Rahman Ibrahiem Saeed , Al-Amri Ali M. , Ghallab Khalid Qassim 
Published: October 2017

Castleman's disease (CD) is a group of rare lymphoproliferative disorders sharing characteristic clinical and histological features, and usually accompanied by a marked systemic inflammatory response. Three histological patterns of lymph nodes were described: the hyaline-vascular, the plasma-cell and the mixed types. The former is more common (80%-90%) and tends to be localized. The plasma cell type is more aggressive and usually multicentric. It is interesting that the inflammatory manifestations seem to be related to a lymph node lesion, because the systemic symptoms and inflammatory activity can return to normal after surgical excision or successful medical treatment of the disease.We report here our 15-year experience with this rare disease in King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia, focusing on the clinical features, therapy, and patients'outcome.
Hemangioma of the Thyroid
Authors: Sakai Akihiro , Sugitani Iwao , Yamamoto Noriko , Kawabata Kazuyoshi 
Published: October 2017

Introduction Thyroid hemangioma is very rare, and only a few cases have previously been reported. We encountered a patient with thyroid hemangioma diagnosed after surgery. Case Report A 71-year-old woman visited our hospital with a mass in the left thyroid region. A 5-cm, elastic mass of the thyroid was palpable in the left anterior neck. On cytology by fine-needle aspiration (FNA), the specimen mainly contained blood components without apparent atypical cells. A tumor with abundant blood flow was suspected based on Doppler ultrasonography. Adenomatous goiter was suspected, and subtotal thyroidectomy was performed. A blood clot was present in the tumor, and hemangioma was diagnosed on postoperative histopathological examination. Discussion Preoperative diagnosis of thyroid hemangioma is difficult. However, Doppler ultrasonography and FNA are useful for diagnosis. A differential diagnosis of hemangioma should be considered when blood flow is abundant and only blood components are collected.
Source attribution of Arctic black carbon constrained by aircraft and surface measurements
Authors: Xu Jun-Wei , Martin Randall V. , Morrow Andrew , Sharma Sangeeta , Huang Lin , Leaitch W. Richard , Burkart Julia , Schulz Hannes , Zanatta Marco , Willis Megan D. , Henze Daven K. , Lee Colin J. , Herber Andreas B. , Abbatt Jonathan P. D. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Black carbon (BC) contributes to Arctic warming, yet sources of Arctic BC and their geographic contributions remain uncertain. We interpret a series of recent airborne (NETCARE 2015; PAMARCMiP 2009 and 2011 campaigns) and ground-based measurements (at Alert, Barrow and Ny-Ålesund) from multiple methods (thermal, laser incandescence and light absorption) with the GEOS-Chem global chemical transport model and its adjoint to attribute the sources of Arctic BC. This is the first comparison with a chemical transport model of refractory BC (rBC) measurements at Alert. The springtime airborne measurements performed by the NETCARE campaign in 2015 and the PAMARCMiP campaigns in 2009 and 2011 offer BC vertical profiles extending to above 6 km across the Arctic and include profiles above Arctic ground monitoring stations. Our simulations with the addition of seasonally varying domestic heating and of gas flaring emissions are consistent with ground-based measurements of BC concentrations at Alert and Barrow in winter and spring (rRMSE  < 13 %) and with airborne measurements of the BC vertical profile across the Arctic (rRMSE  = 17 %) except for an underestimation in the middle troposphere (500–700 hPa).Sensitivity simulations suggest that anthropogenic emissions in eastern and southern Asia have the largest effect on the Arctic BC column burden both in spring (56 %) and annually (37 %), with the largest contribution in the middle troposphere (400–700 hPa). Anthropogenic emissions from northern Asia contribute considerable BC (27 % in spring and 43 % annually) to the lower troposphere (below 900 hPa). Biomass burning contributes 20 % to the Arctic BC column annually.At the Arctic surface, anthropogenic emissions from northern Asia (40–45 %) and eastern and southern Asia (20–40 %) are the largest BC contributors in winter and spring, followed by Europe (16–36 %). Biomass burning from North America is the most important contributor to all stations in summer, especially at Barrow.Our adjoint simulations indicate pronounced spatial heterogeneity in the contribution of emissions to the Arctic BC column concentrations, with noteworthy contributions from emissions in eastern China (15 %) and western Siberia (6.5 %). Although uncertain, gas flaring emissions from oilfields in western Siberia could have a striking impact (13 %) on Arctic BC loadings in January, comparable to the total influence of continental Europe and North America (6.5 % each in January). Emissions from as far as the Indo-Gangetic Plain could have a substantial influence (6.3 % annually) on Arctic BC as well.
O ENSINO DOS JOGOS ESPORTIVOS COLETIVOS: AVANÇOS METODOLOGICOS DOS ASPECTOS ESTRATÉGICO-TÁTICO-TÉCNICOS
Authors: Galatti Larissa Rafaela , Bettega Otávio Baggiotto , Paes Roberto Rodrigues , Reverdito Riller Silva , Seoane Antonio Montero , Scaglia Alcides José 
Published: October 2017

O estudo tem por objetivo fortalecer conceitos relacionados ao ensino estratégico-tático-técnico dos Jogos Esportivos Coletivos (JEC) e sinalizar propostas de diferentes contextos culturais, a fim de estabelecer os avanços nos processos de organização e sistematização do seu ensino. A metodologia caracteriza-se como um estudo bibliográfico de caráter descritivo-reflexivo. As novas tendências em pedagogia do esporte sinalizam que os métodos de iniciação esportiva devem proporcionar o novo e o desafiador, centrando o ensino no aluno e desencadeando o processo educacional a partir do escopo ontológico do jogo.