bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural behavior of load-bearing sandwich wall panels with GFRP skin and a foam-web core
Authors: Wang Lu , Wu Zhimin , Liu Weiqing , Wan Li 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
An innovative load-bearing sandwich wall panel with glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) skins and a foam-GFRP web core (GSFW wall panels, where “GS” denotes GFRP skin and “FW” denotes foam-GFRP web core), which was manufactured using a vacuum-assisted resin infusion process, was developed in this paper. An experimental study involving nine specimens was conducted to validate the effectiveness of this panel for increasing the axial strength under edgewise compression loading. The effects of web thickness, web spacing, web height, and skin thickness on axial stiffness, displacement ductility, and energy dissipation were also investigated. The test results demonstrated that axial strength, axial stiffness, displacement ductility, and energy dissipation could be improved by increasing the web thickness, web height, and skin thickness. An analytical model that considers the confinement effect of foam and the local buckling of GFRP skin was proposed to predict the ultimate axial strength of GSFW panels. A comparison of the analytical and experimental results showed that the analytical model accurately predicted the ultimate axial strength of GSFW wall panels under edgewise compression loading. To simulate the low velocity impact by blindings that are rolled by the wind, an impact test was conducted and the residual axial strength of the wall panels after impact was also investigated.
Engineering behavior of clay soils stabilized with class C and class F fly ashes
Authors: Seyrek Evren 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Damages and economical losses due to problematic soils have caused researchers to conduct many studies for the stabilization of these soils within years. Especially, the use of fly ashes in soil stabilization provides great benefits in contributing to the economy, as well as decreasing the environmental pollution. In the present study, the stabilization characteristics of soil-fly ash mixtures were evaluated in terms of Atterberg limits, compaction characteristics, swell potential and unconfined compressive strength with curing effect. To determine these effects, Catalagzi and Soma fly ashes obtained from Turkey were used in different proportions by weight for stabilization of clay soil samples. It was found that the plasticity index of the soils decreased considerably with the addition of fly ashes, while the strength improved and swell potential decreased. The decreasing trend in the swell percentage and swell pressure values decelerated especially after 25% fly ash additive content and negligible changes occurred. Similar behavior was observed in strength tests. Experimental results show that swelling and strength properties of the soils could be improved by using fly ash and Soma fly ash is far more effective than Catalagzi fly ash.
Erzeugung präziser Referenzdaten für die 3D-Kopfposenschätzung
Authors: Vater Sebastian , Pallauf Johannes , Hoffmann Marian , Stein Thorsten , Puente León Fernando 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung
In dieser Arbeit wird eine Methode zur Erzeugung von Referenzdaten für die 3D-Kopfposenschätzung mit Hilfe eines Vicon MX
Motion-Capture-Systems vorgestellt. Im Rahmen der Arbeit wurden jeweils 22 Videos von sechs Probanden mit einer
handelsüblichen RGB-Kamera mit einer Frequenz von 30 Bildern pro Sekunde aufgenommen. Die Videosequenzen zeigen
Szenarien, welche aus Drehbewegungen des Kopfes um die drei Raumachsen unter verschiedenen Beleuchtungsbedingungen
bestehen. Die Videos wurden mit einer Auflösung von 800 × 600 Bildpunkten im RGB24-Format aufgenommen, welche
eine weitere Bildverarbeitung zur Detektion charakteristischer Merkmale zulässt. Über die Referenzdaten der Kopfposition
hinaus wurden Informationen über die Blickrichtung der Probanden aufgezeichnet, indem die Probanden aufgefordert wurden,
Punkte bekannter Koordinaten auf einem Bildschirm zu verfolgen. Dieser Beitrag liefert eine detaillierte Beschreibung
des Messaufbaus und der Durchführung. Ziel ist es eine Methode vorzustellen, um aus den 3D-Trajektorien der Marker des
Motion-Capture-Systems Referenzdaten für den Zustandsvektor des Kopfes zu bestimmen. Darüber hinaus wird ein mit der
vorgestellten Methode erzeugter Datensatz zur Validierung von erscheinungsbasierten Algorithmen zur Kopfposenschäztung
bereitgestellt.
Optimierter Laserspeckle-basierter Rauheitsmessprozess für bewegte, spiegelnde Oberflächen
Authors: Patzelt Stefan , Stehno Christian , Tausendfreund Andreas , Ströbel Gerald 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die geplante Entwicklung eines parametrisch-optischen Laser-Messsystems für die
Charakterisierung von spiegelnden Oberflächen in laufenden Fertigungsprozessen. Das Messverfahren beruht auf bekannten
Ansätzen der Oberflächen-Charakterisierung mit kohärentem Licht und der Auswertung resultierender
Streulichtspeckle-Intensitätsverteilungen mittels Korrelationsverfahren. Die Industrietauglichkeit erfordert eine
deutliche höhere Messrate im Vergleich zu existierenden Speckle-Messsystemen. Dies soll durch Messprozess-Modifikationen,
den Einsatz leistungsfähiger Hardware für die Bilderfassung und Auswertung sowie dadurch erforderliche Anpassungen der
Algorithmen erreicht werden.
Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Caralluma tuberculata and its safety on liver and kidneys of diabetic rats / Diyabetik sıçanların karaciğer ve böbrekleri üzerinde Caralluma tuberculata’nın hipoglisemik ve hipolipidemik etkisi ve güvenliği
Authors: Poodineh Jafar , Nakhaee Alireza 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Objective: Caralluma tuberculata is a succulent plant that grows in some regions of Baluchestan province in Iran, and is widely used by natives as antidiabetic agent. This study evaluates the antidiabetic effects of aerial part suspension of Caralluma tuberculata (SCT) at two doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg and its safety on liver and kidneys of Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.
Methods: Diabetes was rendered via single dose of STZ (60 mg/kg, injected intraperitoneally). Forty eight rats were classified into 6 groups as follow; (I): Normal control, (II): Normal + SCT (200 mg/kg), (III): STZ Diabetic, (IV): STZ + vehicle, (V): STZ + SCT (100 mg/kg), (VI) STZ + SCT (200 mg/kg). The effects of 45 days of treatment with the SCT on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), lipid profile, hematological and biochemical parameters evaluated.
Results: SCT treated groups exhibited a significant (p<0.05) improvement in abnormalities of OGTT, biochemical and hematological parameters compared with the diabetic control group. Furthermore, SCT at both doses, returned significantly (p<0.01) diabetes-induced changes in lipid profile except HDL-C levels that only, were significantly (p<0.05) increased at dose of 200 mg/kg. There was no significant difference in hematological, liver and kidney parameters between normal control and normal animals receiving SCT.
Conclusion: The present results revealed that Caralluma tuberculata could be beneficial for amending hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hematological changes induced by diabetes. It may also protect the liver and kidneys against complications caused by diabetes without any toxic effects.
Comparison of the efficiency and relevancy of reference genes in crayfish tissue samples / Kerevit doku örneklerinde referans genlerin geçerlilik ve etkinliğinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: Ergin Bora , Purali Nuhan 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Objective: Relevancy of the reference genes have not been investigated in crayfish tissue samples. Various genes have been proposed for establishing a reference level to analyze qPCR results obtained in different tissue samples. However, majority of those genes have been investigated solely in mammalian species. There is no report related to the relevancy and the efficiency of those common reference genes in crayfish tissue samples yet. The primary aim of the present work is to compare the expression level of a set of reference genes in various crayfish tissue samples to establish a reliable reference gene for quantitative expression level comparisons.
Methods: cDNA copies were synthesized by RT-PCR from equalised total RNA samples of nine different tissue samples. qPCR were performed on cDNA samples by using four different primer pairs specific for β-actin, Peptidylprolyl Isomerase B, Sarcoplasmic Calcium Binding Protein and 18S ribosomal RNA genes.
Results: qActin2 amplified gene fragments for β-actin in all samples. Cycle time of the amplification reaction differed substantially between the investigated tissue types. A similar difference was observed between the melting curves of the products. The primer pair PPIB amplified gene fragments for Peptidylprolyl Isomerase B only in heart, muscle and intestine samples but not in the rest of the tissue samples. Further, both amplification and melting curves for heart, muscle and intestine were different. qSCP amplified some gene fragments for Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Binding Protein only in muscle, heart and ganglion samples. The 18S_1 amplified fragments for 18S. Amplification curves the samples superimposed on each other. Melting curves of the products were very similar. Variance of the obtained data was the lowest for 18S ribosomal RNA.
Conclusion: In refer to present results; it is conceivable to propose that among all the genes investigated in the present study, expression level of ribosomal 18S RNA is the most homogeneously distributed one within the body parts of the crayfish. Further, it is minimally affected by extreme biological changes such as molting. Thus, 18S Ribosomal RNA would be suggested as a reference gene to be used when investigating tissue specific expression level of a gene in the crayfish.
Comparison of lipid contents and fatty acid profiles of freshwater fish from the Atatürk Dam Lake / Atatürk Baraj Gölü’ndeki tatlısu balıklarının lipid içeriği ve yağ asidi profilinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: Kaçar Semra , Başhan Mehmet 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the lipid levels, fatty acid profiles (especially EPA and DHA which play an important role in the prevention of a wide variety disorders such as; coronary heart disease, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, breast and colon cancer, Alzheimer disease, inflammation and autoimmune disorders) and n-3/n-6 ratio of some freshwater fish in Ataturk Dam Lake.
Methods: Samples of 12 fish species from the Ataturk Dam Lake (Turkey) were investigated for their fat content and fatty acid composition (Aspius vorax, Carasobarbus luteus, Carassius gibelio, Liza abu, Acanthobrama marmid, Barbus xanthopterus, Cyprinion macrostomum, Carassius auratus, Calcalburnus mossulensis, Capoeta trutta, Mastacembelus simack, Chondrostoma regium). Total lipids were extracted with 10 ml of chloroform-methanol (2/1v/v). Samples containing muscle lipid were transesterified with acidified methanol. The fatty acid methyl esters were extracted with hexane. Fatty acids were detected by gas chromatography (GC).
Results: The lipid content of species ranged from 0.78% to 2.51%. The highest lipid content was found in female C. trutta (2.51%). The major SFAs were myristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0). Oleic acid (C18:1 n-9) and palmitoleic acid (C16:1 n-7) were the prominent MUFA. The dominant PUFAs were linoleic acid (LA, C18:2 n-6), linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3 n-3), arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4 n-6), eicoesapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5 n-3) and docoesahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 n-3). The ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFAs ranged from 1.22 to 4.71.
Conclusion: In this study, the fatty acid composition varied between different species In addition, the highest n-3/n-6 ratios were observed in female C. trutta, C. mossulensis, C. regium and A. vorax. Therefore, these species are economically important fish considering n-3 fatty acids and n-3/n-6 ratios.
The evaluation of hemolysis index thresholds for significant hemolysis interference on routine biochemistry analytes / Rutin biyokimya testlerine hemolizin anlamlı interferansının tespiti için hemoliz indeksi eşik değerlerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: Ercan Şerif 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Objective: The hemolysis index (HI) is an objective, easy and inexpensive method for detection hemolysis. However, the clinical laboratories fully rely on the manufacturers of analytical systems for test-specific the HI thresholds at which the hemolysis significantly interferes with the analyte. In the present study, it was aimed to determine test-specific the HI thresholds for significant interference in hemolyzed specimens produced by shearing method that closely mimics actual hemolysis occurs during blood collection.
Methods: Whole anticoagulated bloods obtained from 34 healthy volunteers were repeatedly passed through a blood collection needle to produce hemolysis. 29 routine biochemistry analytes were assayed on the Roche Cobas 6000 c501 analyzer.
Results: The bias values determined for antistreptolysin- O, total bilirubin, chloride, C-reactive protein, gamma- glutamyltransferase, glucose, high-density lipoprotein, urea and uric acid did not achieve the allowable total error, even at the highest HI value (1550). In contrast to, HI thresholds for aspartate aminotransferase, direct bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase, and potassium were observed as 50. Our data were generally in good agreement with what gave the list of test-specific HI thresholds by the manufacturer. However, some assays including magnesium, total protein, rheumatoid factor, and sodium had lower the HI thresholds than those of recommended by the manufacturer.
Conclusion: We concluded that hemolysis is differently influence routine biochemistry tests and the HI can provide a data of which analyte is to be affected. The analyte-dependent rejection according to the HI thresholds may prevent prolongation of turnaround time for analyte unaffected by hemolysis.In addition, it was concluded that the HI thresholds might be different according to tolerable error limits selected to determine significant interference. Therefore, before the HI thresholds recommended by manufacturer is applied in laboratory, it should be noted the total allowable error limits used by manufacturer during determination of HI thresholds.
The Range Expansion of Ovalisia festiva (Linnaeus, 1767) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in Eastern Europe and Its Damaging Potential for Cupressaceae
Authors: Nitzu Eugen , Dobrin Ionela , Dumbravă Marin , Gutue Minodora 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Ovalisia festiva (Linnaeus, 1767), previously considered a very rare and localised (accidental) species in Eastern Europe (Hungary, Romania), is recorded as a real pest for Cupressaceae in the Romanian Plain − the Easternmost site, out of the species’ previously known range. In comparison with the annual life cycle of the species in the Mediterranean region, in Romania the adults emerged between the second and the eighth year after the trees were planted, causing an attack of over 50% per cultivar. New data on intraspecific variability, distribution, and duration of the life cycle of this jewel beetle in Romania are presented.
Distribution and Habitat Selection of Wintering Birds in the Special Protection Area ROSPA0071 ”Lower Siret Meadow” (Eastern Romania)
Authors: Dragomir Matei–Ionuţ , Stîngă Adrian Cosmin , Dragomir Alina 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The ecosystems from the Special Protection Area ROSPA0071 „Lower Siret Meadow” (36492 ha, between Adjud city, Vrancea County and Şendreni village, Galaţi County) in the analysed sector (sixteen sample surfaces) present a scientific interest because of the geographical, ecological and biological characteristics. The paper treats details such as the number of individuals, the spatial distribution, availability of suitable habitats and threats, necessary data for the evaluation of the conservation status. We present the data obtained in the period 2010–2014 from 64 field visits in the Special Protection Area ROSPA0071 „Lower Siret Meadow”, all made in the hiemal season. The observations were made as an activity of monitoring the protected bird species distribution and habitat selection of wintering populations. Five important sites were identified as being used by wintering birds here. During the monitoring actions, eighty–one bird species were identified. The paper brings new data about the way birds use their range and existing habitats for wintering.
Picturing pathogen infection in plants
Authors: Barón Matilde , Pineda Mónica , Pérez-Bueno María Luisa 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Several imaging techniques have provided valuable tools to evaluate the impact of biotic stress on host plants. The use of these techniques enables the study of plant-pathogen interactions by analysing the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of foliar metabolism during pathogenesis. In this work we review the use of imaging techniques based on chlorophyll fluorescence, multicolour fluorescence and thermography for the study of virus, bacteria and fungi-infected plants. These studies have revealed the impact of pathogen challenge on photosynthetic performance, secondary metabolism, as well as leaf transpiration as a promising tool for field and greenhouse management of diseases. Images of standard chlorophyll fluorescence (Chl-F) parameters obtained during Chl-F induction kinetics related to photochemical processes and those involved in energy dissipation, could be good stress indicators to monitor pathogenesis. Changes on UV-induced blue (F440) and green fluorescence (F520) measured by multicolour fluorescence imaging in pathogen-challenged plants seem to be related with the up-regulation of the plant secondary metabolism and with an increase in phenolic compounds involved in plant defence, such as scopoletin, chlorogenic or ferulic acids. Thermal imaging visualizes the leaf transpiration map during pathogenesis and emphasizes the key role of stomata on innate plant immunity. Using several imaging techniques in parallel could allow obtaining disease signatures for a specific pathogen. These techniques have also turned out to be very useful for presymptomatic pathogen detection, and powerful non-destructive tools for precision agriculture. Their applicability at lab-scale, in the field by remote sensing, and in high-throughput plant phenotyping, makes them particularly useful. Thermal sensors are widely used in crop fields to detect early changes in leaf transpiration induced by both air-borne and soil-borne pathogens. The limitations of measuring photosynthesis by Chl-F at the canopy level are being solved, while the use of multispectral fluorescence imaging is very challenging due to the type of light excitation that is used.
Spatiotopic Adaptation in Visual Areas
Authors: Zimmermann Eckart , Weidner Ralph , Abdollahi Rouhollah O. , Fink Gereon R. 
Published: September 2016

The ability to perceive the visual world around us as spatially stable despite frequent eye movements is one of the long-standing mysteries of neuroscience. The existence of neural mechanisms processing spatiotopic information is indispensable for a successful interaction with the external world. However, how the brain handles spatiotopic information remains a matter of debate. We here combined behavioral and fMRI adaptation to investigate the coding of spatiotopic information in the human brain. Subjects were adapted by a prolonged presentation of a tilted grating. Thereafter, they performed a saccade followed by the brief presentation of a probe. This procedure allowed dissociating adaptation aftereffects at retinal and spatiotopic positions. We found significant behavioral and functional adaptation in both retinal and spatiotopic positions, indicating information transfer into a spatiotopic coordinate system. The brain regions involved were located in ventral visual areas V3, V4, and VO. Our findings suggest that spatiotopic representations involved in maintaining visual stability are constructed by dynamically remapping visual feature information between retinotopic regions within early visual areas.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWhy do we perceive the visual world as stable, although we constantly perform saccadic eye movements? We investigated how the visual system codes object locations in spatiotopic (i.e., external world) coordinates. We combined visual adaptation, in which the prolonged exposure to a specific visual feature alters perception, with fMRI adaptation, where the repeated presentation of a stimulus leads to a reduction in the BOLD amplitude. Functionally, adaptation was found in visual areas representing the retinal location of an adaptor but also at representations corresponding to its spatiotopic position. The results suggest that an active dynamic shift transports information in visual cortex to counteract the retinal displacement associated with saccade eye movements.
Coxsackievirus Adenovirus Receptor Loss Impairs Adult Neurogenesis, Synapse Content, and Hippocampus Plasticity
Authors: Zussy Charleine , Loustalot Fabien , Junyent Felix , Gardoni Fabrizio , Bories Cyril , Valero Jorge , Desarménien Michel G. , Bernex Florence , Henaff Daniel , Bayo-Puxan Neus , Chen Jin-Wen , Lonjon Nicolas , de Koninck Yves , Malva João O. , Bergelson Jeffrey M. , di Luca Monica , Schiavo Giampietro , Salinas Sara , Kremer Eric J. 
Published: September 2016

Although we are beginning to understand the late stage of neurodegenerative diseases, the molecular defects associated with the initiation of impaired cognition are poorly characterized. Here, we demonstrate that in the adult brain, the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) is located on neuron projections, at the presynapse in mature neurons, and on the soma of immature neurons in the hippocampus. In a proinflammatory or diseased environment, CAR is lost from immature neurons in the hippocampus. Strikingly, in hippocampi of patients at early stages of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), CAR levels are significantly reduced. Similarly, in triple-transgenic AD mice, CAR levels in hippocampi are low and further reduced after systemic inflammation. Genetic deletion of CAR from the mouse brain triggers deficits in adult neurogenesis and synapse homeostasis that lead to impaired hippocampal plasticity and cognitive deficits. We propose that post-translational CAR loss of function contributes to cognitive defects in healthy and diseased-primed brains.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study addressed the role of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR), a single-pass cell adhesion molecule, in the adult brain. Our results demonstrate that CAR is expressed by mature neurons throughout the brain. In addition, we propose divergent roles for CAR in immature neurons, during neurogenesis, and at the mature synapse. Notably, CAR loss of function also affects hippocampal plasticity.