bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AML-VAC-XS15-01: protocol of a first-in-human clinical trial to evaluate the safety, tolerability and preliminary efficacy of a multi-peptide vaccine based on leukemia stem cell antigens in acute myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: Jung Susanne , Nelde Annika , Maringer Yacine , Denk Monika , Zieschang Lisa , Kammer Christine , Özbek Melek , Martus Peter , Hackenbruch Christopher , Englisch Alexander , Heitmann Jonas S. , Salih Helmut R. , Walz Juliane S. 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a dismal prognosis, mostly due to minimal residual disease-driven relapse, making an elimination of persisting therapy-resistant leukemia progenitor/stem cells (LPCs) the main goal for novel therapies. Peptide-based immunotherapy offers a low-side-effect approach aiming to induce T cell responses directed against human leukocyte antigen (HLA) presented tumor antigens on malignant cells by therapeutic vaccination. Mass spectrometry-based analysis of the naturally presented immunopeptidome of primary enriched LPC and AML samples enabled the selection of antigens exclusively expressed on LPC/AML cells, which showed de novo induction and spontaneous memory T cell responses in AML patients, and whose presentation and memory T cell recognition was associated with improved disease outcome.MethodsBased on these data the therapeutic vaccine AML-VAC-XS15 was designed, comprising two mutated HLA class I-restricted peptides from the common AML-specific mutation in NPM1 and seven HLA class II-restricted peptides (six non-mutated high-frequent AML/LPC-associated antigens and one mutated peptide from the AML-specific mutation R140Q in IDH2), adjuvanted with the toll like receptor 1/2 ligand XS15 and emulsified in Montanide ISA 51 VG. A phase I open label clinical trial investigating AML-VAC-XS15 was designed, recruiting AML patients in complete cytological remission (CR) or CR with incomplete blood count recovery. Patients are vaccinated twice with a six-week interval, with an optional booster vaccination four months after 2nd vaccination, and are then followed up for two years. The trial’s primary objectives are the assessment of the vaccine’s immunogenicity, safety and toxicity, secondary objectives include characterization of vaccine-induced T cell responses and assessment of preliminary clinical efficacy.Ethics and disseminationThe AML-VAC-XS15-01 study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Bavarian State medical association and the Paul-Ehrlich Institut (P01392). Clinical trial results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.
Delta-CT radiomics based model for predicting postoperative anastomotic leakage following radical resection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Huantian , Zhang Linjun , Song Lina , Wang Yong , Song Ping , Ye Yingjian , Li Xiumei , An Peng 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo predict postoperative anastomotic leakage (AL) following radical resection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) based on clinical data and preoperative enhanced Computed tomography(CT) radiomics of the esophagus.MethodWe retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological and radiological data of 213 patients with ESCC who received radical resection at Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital from July 2011 to February 2024. 3D slicer software was used in combination with Lasso extraction and 10-fold cross-validation to extract texture parameters from contrast-enhanced CT images and generate Delta-Radscores. Several models were built using logistic regression to predict postoperative AL in ESCC.ResultsIn the training set, the univariate analysis confirmed that duration of surgery, surgical method, delta radscore 1, delta radscore 2, contrast enhancement patterns, peripheral lymph node metastasis, post thoracotomy pulmonary infection(PTPI), and hot pot were risk factors for ESCC-AL (P&lt;0.05 for both). The multivariate analysis showed that delta radscore 1, delta radscore 2, PTPI, and hot pot were independent risk factors for AL (P&lt;0.05 for all). These results were verified by the XGboost machine learning model. The combinational model based on all of the above risk factors [AUC 0.900, OR 0.0282, 95%CI 0.841-0.943] outperformed either the clinical model[AUC 0.759, OR 0.0392, 95%0.683-0.825,P&lt;0.05] or the imaging model[AUC 0.869, OR 0.0335, 95%0.804-0.918,P=0.1277] alone in predictive efficacy. The decision curve proved that the combinational model had a higher clinical net benefit. The nomogram generated via the combinational model simplified the predictive process. The same predictions were verified in the testing set.ConclusionDelta radscore 1, delta radscore 2, PTPI, and hot pot were related to ESCC-AL. The novel nomogram created using enhanced CT radiomics informed perioperative management and improved the survival quality of ESCC patients.
Perioperative use of enteral nutrition with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in patients with gastric cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Fu Tingting , Hu Wenjun , Chang Lu , Duan Jingli 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesTo systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of enteral nutrition with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid preparations or standard enteral nutrition preparations used in patients with gastric cancer during perioperative period, and to provide reference for clinical rational drug use.MethodsPubmed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wanfang Medical databases were searched by computer to collect relevant literature. The search period was from the establishment of the database to August 1, 2024. Meta-analysis was performed using Revman5.4 software after two researchers independently screened literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias in included studies.ResultsA total of 20 randomized controlled studies were included. The Meta results showed that there was no statistical difference in mortality between the enteral nutrition with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid group and the control group (RR = 0.46, P = 0.17). However, the IEN group demonstrated superior advantages in reducing infection complications (RR = 0.81, P = 0.05) and wound infection (RR = 0.61, P = 0.04) among gastric cancer patients, as well as improving immune-related indicators (including IgG, IgA, IgM, CD4, and CD4/CD8), inflammation-related markers (including CRP, IL-1β, and IL-6), and nutritional indicators (including Total protein, Albumin, and Transferrin).Conclusionenteral nutrition with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid preparation has advantages in the efficacy and safety of perioperative nutritional therapy in patients with gastric cancer, and can be used as a clinical choice. Due to the limited number and quality of included studies, the above conclusions need to be verified by more high-quality studies.
Clinical characteristics and factors associated with mucus plugs under bronchoscopy in children hospitalized for acute asthma attack
Authors: Han Peng , Jiao Anxia , Yin Ju , Zou Huimin , Liu Yuliang , Li Zheng , Wang Quan , Wu Jie , Shen Kunling 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo describe clinical characteristics of hospitalized children with acute asthma attacks complicated with mucus plugs and to investigate the factors associated with mucus plugs in asthma children.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed hospitalized children and adolescents with acute asthma attacks from January 2016 to December 2021. The demographic information and characteristics were collected. Subjects were categorized into the mucus plug group and the control group based on the bronchoalveolar lavage results. The Logistic regression analyses were utilized to assess the relative factors associated with mucus plugs. All data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0.ResultsThis study included 242 individuals. Out of the 151 subjects who underwent bronchoscopy, 62.9% were classified in the mucus plug group and 37.1% in the control group. The subjects with dyspnea had a higher proportion in the mucus plug group (52.6% vs. 26.8%). The serum total IgE level of the mucus plug group was lower than the control group. The proportion of subjects who were diagnosed with asthma for the first time during hospitalization (87.4% vs. 76.8%) and combined with respiratory infection (91.6% vs. 82.1%) in the mucus plug group might be higher than that in the control group. More subjects in the mucus plug group were administered systemic glucocorticoid, magnesium sulfate, aminophylline, and mucolytic drugs after hospitalization. In multivariable analysis, diagnosed with asthma for the first time during hospitalization (OR = 4.404; 1.101–17.614), dyspnea (OR = 4.039; 1.306–12.496), and cesarean (OR = 0.274; 0.092–0.812) might be associated with mucus plug in children hospitalized for an acute asthma attack.SuggestsWhile our retrospective study suggests that some clinical features of children hospitalized with asthma who have mucus plugs differ from those without, further studies are required.
Psychiatric disorders associated with fluoroquinolones: a pharmacovigilance analysis of the FDA adverse event reporting system database
Authors: Xie Wen-Long , Ge Meng-Lan , Chen Dan , Chen Guo-Qing , Mei Yuan-Xi , Lai Yong-Ji 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundFluoroquinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics with significant antimicrobial activity. Despite their therapeutic benefits, they are associated with a range of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), particularly those affecting the central nervous system (CNS). This study aimed to analyze the psychiatric ADRs linked to fluoroquinolones using data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.MethodsA retrospective pharmacovigilance study was conducted using FAERS data from Q1 2004 to Q4 2023. The data processing phase involved the FDA-recommended deduplication method, and ADRs were classified according to Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA). Disproportionality analysis was performed using the reporting odds ratio (ROR), and statistical significance was assessed using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test.ResultsThe study identified 84,777 reports associated with fluoroquinolones, with 359,480 Preferred Terms-annotated entries, 27,816 of these reports were psychiatric ADRs. Mood disorders were the most frequently reported, including anxiety, depression, and delirium, with some reports escalating to suicidal ideation and behaviors. The Standardized MedDRA Query classification system was used to categorize these ADRs into Depression, Suicide/self-injury, Psychosis and psychotic disorders, and Non-infectious encephalopathy/delirium. Ciprofloxacin was most frequently linked to depression and suicidal ideation, while moxifloxacin showed a robust correlation with delirium. The risk of psychiatric ADRs varied by age group, with affective disorders more prevalent in adults under 65 and psychosis and delirium in those over 65.ConclusionFluoroquinolones are associated with a range of psychiatric ADRs, with notable differences between the drugs in the class. The study highlights the need for caution in prescribing fluoroquinolones, particularly for patients with pre-existing mental health conditions or those in higher risk age groups. The findings also underscore the importance of considering age-specific preventive strategies when administering these antibiotics.
Mitochondrial proteins as therapeutic targets in diabetic ketoacidosis: evidence from Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Xie Ruiqiang , Xie Hongyan , Gao Hong , Xie Chunguang , Yuan Haipo , Feng Zhijun 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionDiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a severe and potentially fatal acute complication in diabetic patients, commonly occurring in type 1 diabetes (T1D) but also seen in type 2 diabetes (T2D). The pathogenesis of DKA involves complex physiological processes that are not fully understood, especially the role of mitochondria. Mitochondria, known as the powerhouse of cells, plays a crucial role in oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production, which is vital in various metabolic diseases, including diabetes. However, the exact causal relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and DKA remains unclear.MethodsThis study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks to systematically explore the causal relationships between mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) and specific mitochondrial proteins with DKA. We used bidirectional MR analysis and genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from openGWAS database to investigate the causal effects of mtDNA-CN and 64 mitochondrial-related proteins on DKA and its subtypes (T1DKA, T2DKA, unspecified-DKA).ResultsThe study revealed that increased mtDNA-CN significantly reduces the risk of DKA, whereas the effect of DKA on mtDNA-CN was not significant. Mitochondrial-related proteins such as MRPL32, MRPL33, COX5B, DNAJC19, and NDUFB8 showed a negative causal relationship with DKA, indicating their potential protective roles. Conversely, ATP5F1B and COX4I2 have a positive causal relationship with DKA, indicating that excessive ATP production in diabetic patients may be detrimental to health and increase the risk of severe complications such as DKA.DiscussionThe results emphasize the necessity of protecting mitochondrial function in order to reduce the risk of DKA. The study offers novel perspectives on the molecular pathways involved in DKA, emphasizing the critical functions of mt-DNA and distinct proteins. These evidences not only enhance our comprehension of the implications of mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetes-related complications but also identify potential therapeutic targets for individualized treatment approaches, thereby making a substantial contribution to clinical care and public health initiatives.
Feature analysis of 5G traffic data based on visibility graph
Authors: Sun Ke , Xu Jiwei 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionAs 5G networks become widespread and their application scenarios expand, massive amounts of traffic data are continuously generated. Properly analyzing this data is crucial for enhancing 5G services.MethodsThis paper uses the visibility graph method to convert 5G traffic data into a visibility graph network, conducting a feature analysis of the 5G traffic data. Using the AfreecaTV dataset as the research object, this paper constructs visibility networks at different scales and observes the evolution of degree distribution with varying data volumes. The paper employs the Hurst index to evaluate the 5G traffic network and uses community detection to study the networks converted from 5G traffic data of different applications.ResultsExperimental results reveal significant differences in node degree distribution and topological structures of 5G traffic data across different application scenarios, such as star structures and multiple subnetwork structures. It is found that the node degree distribution of 5G traffic networks exhibits heterogeneity, reflecting the uneven growth of node degrees during network expansion. The Hurst index analysis discovers that the 5G traffic network retains the long-term dependence and trends of the original data. Through community detection, it is observed that networks converted from 5G traffic data of different applications exhibit diverse community structures, such as high centrality nodes, star-like community structures, modularity, and multilayer characteristics.DiscussionThese findings indicate that 5G traffic networks in different application scenarios exhibit complex and diverse characteristics. The heterogeneity of node degree distribution and differences in topological structures reflect the imbalance in node connection methods during network expansion. The results of the Hurst index show that the 5G traffic network inherits the long-term dependence of the original data, providing a basis for analyzing the dynamic characteristics of the network. The diverse community structures reveal the inherent modularity and hierarchy of the network, which helps to understand the performance and optimization directions of 5G networks in different applications.
Weight-control compensatory behaviors patterns and correlates: a scoping review
Authors: Yuan Trista Yue , Bouzari Narges , Bains Andy , Cohen Tamara R. , Kakinami Lisa 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveWeight-control compensatory behaviors appear to be a commonly utilized strategy for health management. Individuals engaging in such behaviors believe that the negative consequences from unhealthy behaviors will be neutralized by the positive consequences of healthy behaviors. Existing research has not reached a consensus on whether such behaviors are beneficial to health. This review aims to (1) summarize the patterns of weight-control compensatory health behaviors in different populations, (2) highlight correlates, predictors, and consequences of compensatory health behaviors, and (3) identify gaps for future research.MethodThis review identified existing literature using online databases, CINAHL and PubMed. Primary research articles published after 2000 with non-clinical participants of 12 years or older who engaged in compensatory behaviors for weight control purposes were selected. Descriptive statistics were extracted from 35 studies.ResultsDifferent patterns for weight-control compensatory behaviors emerged between the female and male sexes. Meanwhile, no clear association of such behaviors was found across weight status. Studies reviewed also highlighted three main areas of compensatory behaviors for weight management, namely dietary behaviors, physical activity, and alcohol consumption. Weight-control compensatory behaviors had significant negative correlations with mental health indicators, such as psychosocial functioning, emotional differentiation ability, and body esteem.ConclusionWeight-control compensatory behaviors may be a widely used weight management strategy and can be presented in diverse ways. Although believed to be promoting health, such behaviors appear to be associated with poor psychological well-being. This emerging topic warrants more in-depth investigation to establish the direction of causation. Future research may investigate the relationship between weight-control compensatory behaviors and various aspects of health over longer time periods, examine the engagement of multiple weight-control compensatory behaviors, and focus on high-risk populations.
Playing-related musculoskeletal disorders among Chinese conservatoire piano students: prevalence, risk factors and preventive interventions
Authors: Zhao Luqian , Wang Yafei , Zhang Zheren 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionBoth professional musicians and conservatoire students are at significant risk of developing playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs) during their career life. With the growing number of students pursuing a conservatory degree and graduating from music conservatory in China, the aims of this study were: (1) to identify the nature of PRMD and explore the prevalence of PRMD in Chinese conservatoire students; (2) to determine the relevant risk factors with the presence of PRMD among Chinese conservatoire students; and (3) to suggest preventive interventions for young pianists at their early career stage.MethodsA self-reported online survey study was conducted among 363 Chinese conservatoire students who majored in piano performance.ResultsOf all respondents, 82.6% reported having had at least one PRMD. The wrist was proved to be the most affected body site, followed by the shoulder, finger and arm. Respondents who experienced PRMD reported “pain,” “fatigue,” and “stiffness” as the most frequent symptoms. The main risk factors associated with PRMD included gender, years of playing experiences, practice hours, warm-up habits before practice, and break-taking during practice.DiscussionFemale students, those with longer year of playing experience, those who practice longer hours, those who do not warm up before practice, and those who do not take breaks during practice were found to have more PRMD symptoms and higher level of severity. This study highlights the need to increase awareness of PRMD among conservatoire students and to understand the occurrence of PRMD; it is helpful for young pianists to prevent severe musculoskeletal disorders and implement preventive measures at early career stages. Further studies are suggested to follow up on music students who have had at least one PRMD at different stages of professional musical training.
Hepatotoxicity of antipsychotics: an exploratory pharmacoepidemiologic and pharmacodynamic study integrating FAERS data and in vitro receptor-binding affinities
Authors: Zeiss René , Schönfeldt-Lecuona Carlos , Connemann Bernhard J. , Hafner Susanne , Gahr Maximilian 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionAntipsychotic psychopharmacotherapy is associated with the risk of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). However, understanding specific risk factors remains challenging due to limited data. This study investigates the relationship between receptor binding affinities and occupancies of antipsychotics and their associated hepatotoxic risks.MethodsA disproportionality analysis with calculation of the Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR) and the Information Component (IC) was conducted using data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to identify signals related to the Standardised MedDRA Query “drug-related hepatic disorders”, which served as a proxy for drug-induced hepatotoxicity. This was followed by a pharmacoepidemiologic-pharmacodynamic approach to investigate the relationship between the ROR and substance-related receptor binding affinities and occupancy, which was estimated based on in vitro receptor-binding profiles.ResultsSignificant signals were identified for several antipsychotics, including chlorpromazine, loxapine, olanzapine, and quetiapine, with chlorpromazine and loxapine showing the highest RORs for DILI. Gender-specific analysis revealed a higher frequency of signals in female patients. Statistically significant negative correlations were identified between the ROR for drug-related hepatic disorders and the affinity for serotonin receptor 5-HT1A (r (17) = -0.68, p = 0.0012), while a positive correlation was observed for cholinergic receptors (r (17) = 0.46, p = 0.048). No significant correlations were found related to other receptors or drug properties.ConclusionOur findings suggest that the serotonin and probably the cholinergic system may play a role in the development of DILI related to antipsychotic medications. The identification of antipsychotics with a higher association with DILI, such as chlorpromazine, underscores the need for careful monitoring in clinical practice. However, our findings need further longitudinal studies to confirm causality. A better understanding of the associations may inform clinical decision-making, particularly in patients with an increased susceptibility to liver damage.