bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A three‐dimensional analysis of the endolymph drainage system in Ménière disease
Authors: Monsanto Rafael da Costa , Pauna Henrique F. , Kwon Geeyoun , Schachern Patricia A. , Tsuprun Vladimir , Paparella Michael M. , Cureoglu Sebahattin 
Published: July 2016

Objectives/HypothesisTo measure the volume of the endolymph drainage system in temporal bone specimens with Ménière disease, as compared with specimens with endolymphatic hydrops without vestibular symptoms and with nondiseased specimensStudy DesignComparative human temporal bone analysis.MethodsWe generated three‐dimensional models of the vestibular aqueduct, endolymphatic sinus and duct, and intratemporal portion of the endolymphatic sac and calculated the volume of those structures. We also measured the internal and external aperture of the vestibular aqueduct, as well as the opening (if present) of the utriculoendolymphatic (Bast's) valve and compared the measurements in our three study groups.ResultsThe volume of the vestibular aqueduct and of the endolymphatic sinus, duct, and intratemporal endolymphatic sac was significantly lower in the Ménière disease group than in the endolymphatic hydrops group (P <.05). The external aperture of the vestibular aqueduct was also smaller in the Ménière disease group. Bast's valve was open only in some specimens in the Ménière disease group.ConclusionsIn temporal bones with Ménière disease, the volume of the vestibular aqueduct, endolymphatic duct, and intratemporal endolymphatic sac was lower, and the external aperture of the vestibular aqueduct was smaller as compared with bones from donors who had endolymphatic hydrops without vestibular symptoms and with nondiseased bones. The open status of the Bast's valve in the Ménière disease group could be secondary to higher retrograde endolymph pressures caused by smaller drainage systems. These anatomic findings could correlate with the reason that some patients with hydrops develop clinical symptoms, whereas others do not.Level of EvidenceN/A Laryngoscope, 127:E170–E175, 2017
Prevalence and Correlates of Anti‐Parkinson Drug Use in a Nationally Representative Sample
Authors: Dahodwala Nabila , Willis Allison W. , Li Pengxiang , Doshi Jalpa A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundAlthough numerous prescription drugs are available to treat Parkinson's disease (PD), little is known about national use in clinical practice and which factors may influence variability in care. The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence of anti‐Parkinson drug use among Medicare beneficiaries with PD and to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with drug use.MethodsThis retrospective study was based on a random sample of annual 5% Medicare Part A and B claims linked with Medicare Part D drug files from 2007 through 2010. The study sample included fee‐for‐service Medicare beneficiaries with continuous stand‐alone Part D enrollment who had been diagnosed with PD in the given year. First, any PD drug use and drug use by class (levodopa, dopamine agonist, anticholinerigc, monoamine oxidase B inhibitors, catechol‐O‐methyltransferase inhibitors, and amantadine) were described. Using generalized estimating equation regressions, patient and provider characteristics associated with anti‐Parkinson drug use and choice were examined.ResultsOver 81% of patients with PD were treated with anti‐Parkinson drugs, and this proportion was stable over the 4 years of the study. The majority were treated with levodopa (90%); followed by dopamine agonists (29–31%); then monoamine oxidase B inhibitors, anticholinergics, amantadine, and catechol‐O‐methyltransferase inhibitors (all between 5% and 11%). Holding all else equal, patients who were not seen by a neurologist (odds ratio, 0.41; 95% confidence interval, 0.38–0.44; P < 0.001) and African‐American patients (odds ratio, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.69–0.93; P = 0.003) were significantly less likely to be treated.ConclusionsAmong a national sample of Medicare beneficiaries with PD, the majority received anti‐Parkinson drugs. However, there was relative under‐treatment of African‐Americans and patients who were not seen by a neurologist for care.
Evaluation of Doppler weather radar MEGHA‐2700 observations using Gematronik Doppler weather radar and TRMM Precipitation Radar
Authors: Subrahmanyam K. Venkata , Kishore Kumar Karanam , Kiran Kumar N. V. P. , Viswanathan G. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTAs a part of the MEGHA‐2700 validation after programme, Doppler weather radar (DWR) at Sriharikota (13.66 ° N, 80.23 ° E) is validated with the Chennai (13.07 ° N, 80.28 ° E DWR) (hereafter CHENNAI‐DWR) and simultaneous observations along with Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Precipitation Radar (PR) measurements. Many simultaneous observations of weather systems were carried out using these two DWRs with an aim of validating the MEGHA‐2700. During this validation period, a tropical cyclone ‘OGNI’ formed in the Bay of Bengal on 28 October 2006. Simultaneous observations from these two radars are used for the present study along with TRMM‐PR measurements. A methodology is developed to interpolate two ground radars and PR volume scans into a fixed Cartesian grid box because the common volume observations minimize uncertainties associated with the sampling volumes and viewing angles. It is observed that MEGHA‐2700 systematically underestimates CHENNAI‐DWR reflectivity by ∼6.23 dB. The rainfall estimations from MEGHA‐2700 show that the bias adjustment reduces the total rainfall differences significantly between radar estimates and rain gauges. The significance of the present study lies in validating the indigenously developed DWR, which will form the basis for further research on cloud microphysics.
An evaluation strategy of skill of high‐resolution rainfall forecast for specific agricultural applications
Authors: Rakesh V. , Goswami Prashant 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT:A strategy for validation of rainfall forecasts for specific agricultural applications is presented. The focus is mainly on the design of specific forecast advisories that are risk‐free and useful in spite of their inherent errors. The strategy works for these specific applications because the forecast advisories are based on when NOT to irrigate or apply fertilizer/pesticide because rain is predicted (risk‐free because wrong forecast only delays irrigation/application of fertilizer/pesticide within tolerance). Thus, unlike in conventional forecast evaluation, a forecast is considered as valid if the forecasted rain (or no rain) is correct for the day of the forecast (D0C) or the next day or the day after (designated D1C and D2C, respectively), as the farmer can afford to postpone the field application for a couple of days beyond the scheduled date. The methodology has been evaluated for rainfall forecasts over Karnataka (a state in southwest India with nearly 56% of the workforce engaged in agriculture). Here, forecast validation against rain gauge observations is presented at comparable resolutions for the southwest (June to September) and the northeast (October to December) monsoon seasons during 2011–2014. Analyses demonstrate that forecasts over several areas which may appear to be less reliable based on conventional evaluation (D0C) are found to have useful skill for the specific agro‐applications as evident from evaluation based on D1C and D2C criteria. Our analysis shows that the evaluation strategy presented is effective during the non‐rainy (January–May) season also. It is pointed out that such an approach can help to meet the challenges in designing and implementing best practices in agriculture by combining immediate gains for the end users with long‐term sustainability.
Limited memory preconditioners for symmetric indefinite problems with application to structural mechanics
Authors: Gratton Serge , Mercier Sylvain , Tardieu Nicolas , Vasseur Xavier 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThis paper presents a class of limited memory preconditioners (LMP) for solving linear systems of equations with symmetric indefinite matrices and multiple right‐hand sides. These preconditioners based on limited memory quasi‐Newton formulas require a small number k of linearly independent vectors and may be used to improve an existing first‐level preconditioner. The contributions of the paper are threefold. First, we derive a formula to characterize the spectrum of the preconditioned operator. A spectral analysis of the preconditioned matrix shows that the eigenvalues are all real and that the LMP class is able to cluster at least k eigenvalues at 1. Secondly, we show that the eigenvalues of the preconditioned matrix enjoy interlacing properties with respect to the eigenvalues of the original matrix provided that the k linearly independent vectors have been prior projected onto the invariant subspaces associated with the eigenvalues of the original matrix in the open right and left half‐plane, respectively. Third, we focus on theoretical properties of the Ritz‐LMP variant, where Ritz information is used to determine the k vectors. Finally, we illustrate the numerical behaviour of the Ritz limited memory preconditioners on realistic applications in structural mechanics that require the solution of sequences of large‐scale symmetric saddle‐point systems. Numerical experiments show the relevance of the proposed preconditioner leading to a significant decrease in terms of computational operations when solving such sequences of linear systems. A saving of up to 43% in terms of computational effort is obtained on one of these applications. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Control of heteropolymeric to oligomeric character in electrospray deposited melanin films
Authors: Ali Mushtaq , Shah Said Karim , Abbas Mamatimin , Gunnella Roberto 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe physicochemical
properties of eumelanin thin films realized by spray and electrospray deposition methods were investigated. We find a consistent improvement above the film quality reached from liquid solution, minimizing the detrimental effect of the solvent in the final morphology of the films. Furthermore a clear trend towards specific aggregation modalities made us able to significantly unveil some of the cumbersome physical mechanisms at the basis of the various properties that are often invoked for this important functional biomaterial. In particular, temperature dependent electrical resistance evidenced a semiconductor‐like character, with peculiar features of melanin organization explicated through crosslinked secondary structure as emerged from many observations obtained by different spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Big forensic data management in heterogeneous distributed systems: quick analysis of multimedia forensic data
Authors: Quick Darren , Choo Kim‐Kwang Raymond 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThe growth in the data volume and number of evidential data from heterogeneous distributed systems in smart cities, such as cloud and fog computing systems and Internet‐of‐Things devices (e.g. IP‐based CCTVs), has led to increased collection, processing and analysis times, potentially resulting in vulnerable persons (e.g. victims of terrorism incidents) being at risk. A process of Digital Forensic Data Reduction of source multimedia and forensic images has provided a method to reduce the collection time and volume of data. In this paper, a methodology of Digital Forensic Quick Analysis is outlined, which describes a method to review Digital Forensic Data Reduction subsets to pinpoint relevant evidence and intelligence from heterogeneous distributed systems in a timely manner. Applying the proposed methodology to real‐world data from an Australian police agency highlighted the timeliness of the process, resulting in significant improvements in processing times in comparison with processing a full forensic image. The Quick Analysis methodology, combined with Digital Forensic Data Reduction, has potential to locate evidence and intelligence in a timely manner. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maternal marginal iodine deficiency limits dendritic growth of cerebellar purkinje cells in rat offspring by NF‐κB signaling and MAP1B
Authors: Yu Ye , Dong Jing , Wang Yuan , Wang Yi , Min Hui , Shan Zhongyan , Teng Weiping , Chen Jie 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTIodine deficiency (ID) during early pregnancy had an adverse effect on children's psychomotor and motor function. It is worth noting that maternal marginal ID tends to be a common public health problem. Whether marginal ID potentially had adverse effects on the development of cerebellum and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, our aim was to study the effects of marginal ID on the dendritic growth in filial cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs) and the underlying mechanism. In the present study, we established Wistar rat models by feeding dam rats with a diet deficient in iodine and deionized water supplemented with potassium iodide. We examined the total dendritic length using immunofluorescence, and Western blot analysis was conducted to investigate the activity of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling and microtubule‐associated protein 1B (MAP1B). Our results showed that marginal ID reduced the total dendritic length of cerebellar PCs, slightly down‐regulated the activity of NF‐κB signaling and decreased MAP1B in cerebellar PCs on postnatal day (PN) 7, PN14, and PN21. Our study may support the hypothesis that decreased T4 induced by marginal ID limits PCs dendritic growth, which may involve in the disturbance of NF‐κB signaling and MAP1B on the cerebellum. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1241–1251, 2017.
Anthocyanins from roselle extract arrest cell cycle G2/M phase transition via ATM/Chk pathway in p53‐deficient leukemia HL‐60 cells
Authors: Tsai Tsung‐Chang , Huang Hui‐Pei , Chang Kai‐Ting , Wang Chau‐Jong , Chang Yun‐Ching 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTCell cycle regulation is an important issue in cancer therapy. Delphinidin and cyanidin are two major anthocyanins of the roselle plant (Hibiscus sabdariffa). In the present study, we investigated the effect of Hibiscus anthocyanins (HAs) on cell cycle arrest in human leukemia cell line HL‐60 and the analyzed the underlying molecular mechanisms. HAs extracted from roselle calyces (purity 90%) markedly induced G2/M arrest evaluated with flow cytometry analysis. Western blot analyses revealed that HAs (0.1–0.7 mg mL−1) induced G2/M arrest via increasing Tyr15 phosphorylation of Cdc2, and inducing Cdk inhibitors p27 and p21. HAs also induced phosphorylation of upstream signals related to G2/M arrest such as phosphorylation of Cdc25C tyrosine phosphatase at Ser216, increasing the binding of pCdc25C with 14‐3‐3 protein. HAs‐induced phosphorylation of Cdc25C could be activated by ATM checkpoint kinases, Chk1, and Chk2. We first time confirmed that ATM‐Chk1/2‐Cdc25C pathway as a critical mechanism for G2/M arrest in HAs‐induced leukemia cell cycle arrest, indicating that this compound could be a promising anticancer candidate or chemopreventive agents for further investigation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1290–1304, 2017.
Relay attacks concerns in wireless ad hoc, sensors, and RFID networks
Authors: Guizani Sghaier 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe recent advancements in embedded and wireless systems have led to a new class of pervasive technologies, such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Networks, Ad‐Hoc Networks, and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). These networks have presented promising solutions for a wide range of technological applications. However, privacy and security concerns in these systems have remained a matter of great concern. The privacy and security concerns in these networks become more serious when the networks are integrated. In this paper, simulation of relay attacks is presented on the commonly used ISO/IEC 14443 standard. A mobile phone and an RFID tag emulator have been used. The emulator and the phone are set to share RFID communication through a Bluetooth channel. The results of the relay attacks are then presented. Finally, the paper suggests possible solutions that can be implemented to protect against the attacks. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Allergy in Total Knee Replacement. Does it Exist?
Authors: Faschingbauer Martin , Renner Lisa , Boettner Friedrich 
Published: July 2016

Background There is little data on whether preexisting allergies to implant materials and bone cement have an impact on the outcome of TKA. Questions/Purposes This review article analyzes the current literature to evaluate the prevalence and importance of metal and cement allergies for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Methods A review of the literature was performed using the following search criteria: “knee,” “arthroplasty,” and “allergy” as well as “knee,” “arthroplasty,” and “hypersensitivity.” Results One hundred sixteen articles were identified on PubMed, Seventy articles could be excluded by reviewing the title and abstract leaving 46 articles to be included for this review. The majority of the studies cited patch testing as the gold standard for screening and diagnosis of hypersensitivity following TKA. There is consensus that patients with self-reported allergies against metals or bone cement and positive patch test should be treated with hypoallergenic materials or cementless TKA. Treatment options include the following: coated titanium or cobalt-chromium implants, ceramic, or zirconium oxide implants. Conclusion Allergies against implant materials and bone cement are rare. Patch testing is recommended for patients with self-reported allergies. The use of special implants is recommended for patients with a confirmed allergy.
Efficacy of trifluridine and tipiracil (TAS-102) versus placebo, with supportive care, in a randomized, controlled trial of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer from Spain: results of a subgroup analysis of the phase 3 RECOURSE trial
Authors: Longo-Muñoz F. , Argiles G. , Tabernero J. , Cervantes A. , Gravalos C. , Pericay C. , Gil-Calle S. , Mizuguchi H. , Carrato-Mena A. , Limón M. L. , Garcia-Carbonero R. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Purpose
TAS-102 is a combination of the thymidine-based nucleoside analog trifluridine and the thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor tipiracil. Efficacy and safety of TAS-102 in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) refractory or intolerant to standard therapies were evaluated in the phase 3 RECOURSE trial. Results of RECOURSE demonstrated significant improvement in overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) with TAS-102 versus placebo [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.68 and 0.48 for OS and PFS, respectively; both P < 0.001]. The current analysis evaluates efficacy and safety of TAS-102 in the RECOURSE Spanish subgroup.

Methods
Primary and key secondary endpoints were evaluated in a post hoc analysis of the RECOURSE Spanish subgroup, using univariate and multivariate analyses. Safety and tolerability were reported with descriptive statistics.

Results
The RECOURSE Spanish subgroup included 112 patients (mean age 61 years, 62 % male). Median OS was 6.8 months in the TAS-102 group (n = 80) versus 4.6 months in the placebo group (n = 32) [HR = 0.47; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.28–0.78; P = 0.0032). Median PFS was 2.0 months in the TAS-102 group and 1.7 months in the placebo group (HR = 0.47; 95 % CI: 0.30–0.74; P = 0.001). Eighty (100 %) TAS-102 versus 31 (96.9 %) placebo patients had adverse events (AEs). The most common drug-related ≥Grade 3 AE was neutropenia (40 % TAS-102 versus 0 % placebo). There was 1 (1.3 %) case of febrile neutropenia in the TAS-102 group versus none in the placebo group.

Conclusions
In the RECOURSE Spanish subgroup, TAS-102 was associated with significantly improved OS and PFS versus placebo, consistent with the overall RECOURSE population. No new safety signals were identified.

ClinicalTrials.gov study number
NCT01607957
An inflammatory and trophic disconnect biomarker profile revealed in Down syndrome plasma: Relation to cognitive decline and longitudinal evaluation
Authors: Iulita M. Florencia , Ower Alison , Barone Concetta , Pentz Rowan , Gubert Palma , Romano Corrado , Cantarella Rita Anna , Elia Flaviana , Buono Serafino , Recupero Marilena , Romano Carmelo , Castellano Sabrina , Bosco Paolo , Di Nuovo Santo , Drago Filippo , Caraci Filippo , Cuello A. Claudio 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIntroductionGiven that Alzheimer's pathology develops silently over decades in Down syndrome (DS), prognostic biomarkers of dementia are a major need.MethodsWe investigated the plasma levels of Aβ, proNGF, tPA, neuroserpin, metallo‐proteases and inflammatory molecules in 31 individuals with DS (with and without dementia) and in 31 healthy controls. We examined associations between biomarkers and cognitive decline.ResultsAβ40 and Aβ42 were elevated in DS plasma compared to controls, even in DS individuals without dementia. Plasma Aβ correlated with the rate of cognitive decline across 2 years. ProNGF, MMP‐1, MMP‐3, MMP‐9 activity, TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐10 were higher in DS plasma, even at AD‐asymptomatic stages. Declining plasma Aβ42 and increasing proNGF levels correlated with cognitive decline. A combined measure of Aβ and inflammatory molecules was a strong predictor of prospective cognitive deterioration.ConclusionsOur findings support the combination of plasma and cognitive assessments for the identification of DS individuals at risk of dementia.
Circulating tumor cells in head and neck cancer: A review
Authors: McMullen Kyle P. , Chalmers Jeffrey J. , Lang Jas C. , Kumar Pawan , Jatana Kris R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractCarcinoma of the head and neck represents 3.5% of all cancers, and the vast majority of these tumors are squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). With a stable overall survival rate of 50% among all stages, there is continued interested in developing measures for early detection and disease aggressiveness. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been identified as a potential marker for early metastatic disease, response to treatment, and surveillance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In this article, techniques of CTC detection, applications of CTC technology, and outcomes of HNSCC patients will be discussed.
Coronatin-2 from the entomopathogenic fungus Conidiobolus coronatus kills Galleria mellonella larvae and incapacitates hemocytes
Authors: Boguś M.I. , Wieloch W. , Ligęza-Żuber M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractCoronatin-2, a 14.5 kDa protein, was isolated from culture filtrates of the entomopathogenic fungus Conidiobolus coronatus (Costantin) Batko (Entomophthoramycota: Entomophthorales). After LC–MS/MS (liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry) analysis of the tryptic peptide digest of coronatin-2 and a mass spectra database search no orthologs of this protein could be found in fungi. The highest homology was observed to the partial translation elongation factor 1a from Sphaerosporium equinum (protein sequence coverage, 21%), with only one peptide sequence, suggesting that coronatin-2 is a novel fungal protein that has not yet been described. In contrast to coronatin-1, an insecticidal 36 kDa protein, which shows both elastolytic and chitinolytic activity, coronatin-2 showed no enzymatic activity. Addition of coronatin-2 into cultures of hemocytes taken from larvae of Galleria mellonella Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), resulted in progressive disintegration of nets formed by granulocytes and plasmatocytes due to rapid degranulation of granulocytes, extensive vacuolization of plasmatocytes accompanied by cytoplasm expulsion, and cell disintegration. Spherulocytes remained intact, while oenocytes rapidly disintegrated. Coronatin-2 produced 80% mortality when injected into G. mellonella at 5 µg larva−1. Further study is warranted to determine the relevance of the acute toxicity of coronatin-2 and its effects on hemocytes in vitro to virulence of C. coronatus against its hosts.