bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iterative differential quadrature algorithms for modified Burgers equation
Authors: V.S. Aswin , Awasthi Ashish 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the features of three vectorized iterative numerical schemes used to simulate the behavior of modified Burgers equation (MBE).

Design/methodology/approach
Two of the schemes comprise differential quadrature and finite difference methods, while the third scheme consists of only differential quadrature for the derivative approximations. Proposed schemes are simulated for well-posed problems of MBE having known the analytic solution. The computational complexity of the schemes is examined through monitoring the time taken to complete the simulation. The results are compared with the analytic solution with the help of discrete error norms. Also, the accuracy of the proposed schemes is compared with that of the existing schemes in the literature. Vectorized MATLAB programs of the schemes are used for all investigations.

Findings
It is observed that all the three schemes succeeded in producing a good replication of the exact solution. The results are closer to the analytical solution than the results in the literature. Among the three schemes, the scheme labeled as FDTDQS is found highly accurate and computationally cheaper using fewer grid points. From the vectorized MATLAB programs provided, it is evident that the implementation of the schemes is simple.

Originality/value
This study gives an idea about three numerical schemes for a highly nonlinear problem. This mathematical framework can be adopted to any one-dimensional partial differential equation as well, and the provided program will be helpful to generate more fast and accurate vectorized code in MATLAB.
Numerical algorithm of reinforced concrete lining cracking process for pressure tunnels
Authors: Zhang Wei , Dai Beibing , Liu Zhen , Zhou Cuiying 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe cracking of a reinforced concrete lining has a significant influence on the safety and leakage of pressure tunnels. This study aims to develop, validate and apply a numerical algorithm to simulate the lining cracking process during the water-filling period of pressure tunnels.Design/methodology/approachCracks are preset in all lining elements, and the Mohr−Coulomb criterion with a tension cutoff is used in determining whether a preset crack becomes a real crack. The effects of several important factors such as the water pressure on crack surfaces (WPCS) and the heterogeneity of the lining tensile strength are also considered simultaneously.FindingsThe crack number and width increase gradually with the increase in internal water pressure. However, when the pressure reaches a threshold value, the increase in crack width becomes ambiguous. After the lining cracks, the lining displacement distribution is discontinuous and steel bar stress is not uniform. The measured stress of the steel bar is greatly determined by the position of the stress gauge. The WPCS has a significant influence on the lining cracking mechanism and should not be neglected.Originality/valueA reliable algorithm for simulating the lining cracking process is presented by which the crack number and width can be determined directly. The numerical results provide an insight into the development law of lining cracks and show that the WPCS significantly affects the cracking mechanism.
Organizing inter-firm project governance – a contextual model for empirical investigation
Authors: von Danwitz Simon 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe management of major inter-firm projects requires a coherent, holistic governance framework to be effective. However, most existing models of project governance are limited to a narrow selection of contractual, structural or procedural aspects, and further neglect contextual factors, such as key characteristics of a project and its partners. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper proposes an integrative analytical model of inter-firm project governance, building upon contingency theory and drawing from established constructs rooted in organization theory.FindingsThe paper aims to integrate two largely distinct streams of research and synthesize the respective constitutive dimensions of project governance into a coherent conceptual model. Further, interrelationships with contextual factors, such as project-related and partner-related characteristics, and project performance are discussed.Originality/valueThe proposed model purposefully merges two complementary streams of project governance research. As the model further provides clear contextual factors, it strengthens an emerging stream of project research by systematically examining external influences of project organizing. Future research may utilize this model and the suggested operationalization for each of the constructs as a basis to empirically investigate the design and effectiveness of governance regimes of major projects.
Non-invasive approach to evaluate chocolate effects on weight management and blood pressure in Mexican scholars
Authors: Vázquez-Chávez Annel Europa , Torres-Ramos Yessica Dorin , Guzmán-Grenfell Alberto Martín , Gómez-Alonso Carlos , Medina-Navarro Rafael 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of the present study is to evaluate chocolate consumption effects with a non invasive metodology. There is evidence that the consumption of dark chocolate and cocoa with high flavonoid content could have positive effects on blood pressure (BP) and weight management (WM); however, there are complications at the moment of obtaining blood samples to evaluate on children at a primary school level.Design/methodology/approachA total of 54 healthy scholars were included; consumption of 70 per cent cacao dark chocolate was integrated into the daily snack during a 30-day period. Blood pressure, body fat, total content of polyphenols in urine and total antioxidant capacity of saliva were measured. The results obtained were divided in relation of two groups of students, A and B, with lesser or higher difficulties to WM in a self-assessment test; variables were then statistically evaluated.FindingsConsumption of chocolate produced changes in the total content of polyphenols (from 5.6 to 6.8 µg/mL,p< 0.016) and salivary antioxidant capacity [(14.76 ± 5.4 and 16.14 ± 3.9) TEU nmol versus. t = 0;p< 0.029 andp< 0.001 at 15 and 30 days, respectively]. Group B, which presented higher difficulties concerning WM, presented a body fat reduction of about 0.63 per cent after chocolate consumption (p= 0.045) and a diastolic blood pressure reduction of −2.8 mm Hg in average (p< 0.025). A significant weight gain (p< 0.023) was observed only in Group A.Research limitations/implicationsDespite the reduced sensitivity of the non-invasive methodology, differences in urine and salivary content of polyphenols and antioxidant capacity suggest that the design used could be feasible, although extended studies are needed to corroborate it.Originality/valueA non-invasive study for screening the potential health benefits of dark chocolate was assayed. The results suggest that dark chocolate consumption in children as part of the daily snack could be a complementary element in weight management and in prevention of future risk factors to chronic diseases.
Beyond consumption: the promising contribution of voluntary simplicity
Authors: Kraisornsuthasinee Suthisak , Swierczek Fredric William 
Published: January 2018

PurposeGreater contribution of voluntary simplicity to sustainability may extend beyond the scope of consumption behavior. This paper aims to argue that work behavior is also important and it explores how and why personal consumption of the voluntary simplifiers relates to the way they work.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative study uses in-depth interviews to explore the consumption–work experience relationship and driving values of voluntary simplifiers. Thailand is the chosen context, as it represents an emerging economy aiming to converge economic growth and sufficiency.FindingsThe findings demonstrate that, driven mainly by contentment and integrity, simple living complements leisurely, meaningful and, most intriguingly, ethical work. In return, such work behavior provides enough earnings and fulfills the beginners, as well as the progressive and extensive simplifiers.Research limitations/implicationsThe consumption–work relationship model of the voluntary simplifiers provides an alternative starting point for further research and practice to tackle overconsumption, inequality, inequity and corruption – the critical challenges of sustainability.Originality/valueThis research takes a more complete approach to study the voluntary simplifiers. The empirical results demonstrate the greater scope of voluntary simplicity literature beyond sustainable consumption and work–life balance. Based on the consumption–work relationship driven mainly by contentment and integrity, this paper proposes meaningful and ethical work as the promising contribution of voluntary simplicity to sustainability.
Decomposition of coarse woody debris in a long‐term litter manipulation experiment: A focus on nutrient availability
Authors: Gora Evan M. , Sayer Emma J. , Turner Benjamin L. , Tanner Edmund V. J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe majority of above‐ground carbon in tropical forests is stored in wood, which is returned to the atmosphere during decomposition of coarse woody debris. However, the factors controlling wood decomposition have not been experimentally manipulated over time scales comparable to the length of this process.We hypothesized that wood decomposition is limited by nutrient availability and tested this hypothesis in a long‐term litter addition and removal experiment in a lowland tropical forest in Panama. Specifically, we quantified decomposition using a 15‐year chronosequence of decaying boles, and measured respiration rates and nutrient limitation of wood decomposer communities.The long‐term probability that a dead tree completely decomposed was decreased in plots where litter was removed, but did not differ between litter addition and control treatments. Similarly, respiration rates of wood decomposer communities were greater in control treatments relative to litter removal plots; litter addition treatments did not differ from either of the other treatments. Respiration rates increased in response to nutrient addition (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) in the litter removal and addition treatments, but not in the controls.Established decreases in concentrations of soil nutrients in litter removal plots and increased respiration rates in response to nutrient addition suggest that reduced rates of wood decomposition after litter removal were caused by decreased nutrient availability. The effects of litter manipulations differed directionally from a previous short‐term decomposition study in the same plots, and reduced rates of bole decomposition in litter removal plots did not emerge until after more than 6 years of decomposition. These differences suggest that litter‐mediated effects on nutrient dynamics have complex interactions with decomposition over time.Aplain language summaryis available for this article.
Determinants of Pseudogymnoascus destructans within bat hibernacula: Implications for surveillance and management of white‐nose syndrome
Authors: Verant Michelle L. , Bohuski Elizabeth A. , Richgels Katherine L. D. , Olival Kevin J. , Epstein Jonathan H. , Blehert David S. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Fungal diseases are an emerging global problem affecting human health, food security and biodiversity. Ability of many fungal pathogens to persist within environmental reservoirs can increase extinction risks for host species and presents challenges for disease control. Understanding factors that regulate pathogen spread and persistence in these reservoirs is critical for effective disease management.

White‐nose syndrome (WNS) is a disease of hibernating bats caused by Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), a fungus that establishes persistent environmental reservoirs within bat hibernacula, which contribute to seasonal disease transmission dynamics in bats. However, host and environmental factors influencing distribution of Pd within these reservoirs are unknown.

We used model selection on longitudinally collected field data to test multiple hypotheses describing presence–absence and abundance of Pd in environmental substrates and on bats within hibernacula at different stages of WNS.

First detection of Pd in the environment lagged up to 1 year after first detection on bats within that hibernaculum. Once detected, the probability of detecting Pd within environmental samples from a hibernaculum increased over time and was higher in sediment compared to wall surfaces. Temperature had marginal effects on the distribution of Pd. For bats, prevalence and abundance of Pd were highest on Myotis lucifugus and on bats with visible signs of WNS.

Synthesis and applications. Our results indicate that distribution of Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd) within a hibernaculum is driven primarily by bats with delayed establishment of environmental reservoirs. Thus, collection of samples from Myotis lucifugus, or from sediment if bats cannot be sampled, should be prioritized to improve detection probabilities for Pd surveillance. Long‐term persistence of Pd in sediment suggests that disease management for white‐nose syndrome should address risks of sustained transmission from environmental reservoirs.
Exploitation of the Ultraviolet Properties and Machine Cut Edges of Paper to Associate and Sequence Sheets in a Ream
Authors: Musgrave Nicola R. , Thorne Oliver T. S. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPreviously unreported line patterns visible under ultraviolet light were observed on a proportion of plain white A4 printer/copier paper from different manufacturers. These Ultraviolet Line Patterns (UVLPs) usually appear as stripes down the vertical length of the paper. Typically, theUVLPs were found to “repeat” through the ream in a predictable way, while also changing. It is postulated that the repeating nature of theUVLPs is a result of the way that paper is manufactured. This leads to the ability to sequence the sheets compared to their original source paper. Even in the absence ofUVLPs, it is possible to use our observation of the manufacturing process to anticipate the order of several sheets of paper and conclusively associate them, in some cases, by physically fitting their machine cut edges and crossing paper fibers. Such a novel approach to examining questioned documents would be highly useful in forensic casework.
Predictors and consequences of health anxiety symptoms: a novel twin modeling study
Authors: López‐Solà C. , Bui M. , Hopper J. L , Fontenelle L. F. , Davey C. G. , Pantelis C. , Alonso P. , van den Heuvel O. A. , Harrison B. J. 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveThe question of how to best conceptualize health anxiety (HA) from a diagnostic and etiological perspective remains debated. The aim was to examine the relationship between HA and the symptoms of anxiety and obsessive–compulsive‐related disorders in a normative twin population.MethodFour hundred and ninety‐six monozygotic adult twin pairs from the Australian Twin Registry participated in the study (age, 34.4 ± 7.72 years; 59% females). Validated scales were used to assess each domain. We applied a twin regression methodology—ICE FALCON—to determine whether there was evidence consistent with ‘causal’ relationships between HA and other symptoms by fitting and comparing model estimates.ResultsEstimates were consistent with higher levels of obsessing (‘unwanted thoughts’) (P = 0.008), social anxiety (P = 0.03), and body dysmorphic symptoms (P = 0.008) causing higher levels of HA symptoms, and with higher levels of HA symptoms causing higher levels of physical/somatic anxiety symptoms (P = 0.001).ConclusionObsessional thoughts, body dysmorphic concerns, and social anxiety symptoms may have a causal influence on HA. To report physical/somatic anxiety appears to be a consequence of the underlying presence of HA‐related fears. Should our results be confirmed by longitudinal studies, the evaluation and treatment of HA may benefit from the consideration of these identified risk factors.
Decreased retinal sensitivity in depressive disorder: a controlled study
Authors: Berman G. , Muttuvelu D. , Berman D. , Larsen J. I. , Licht R. W. , Ledolter J. , Kardon R. H. 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTo compare pupil responses in depressed patients with a seasonal pattern, depressed patients without a seasonal pattern and healthy controls as a function of daylight hours on the testing day.MethodPatients suffering from a major depressive episode were included in wintertime. The pupil light reflex was measured at inclusion and in the following summer using a binocular pupillometer. A protocol of low (1 lux) and high (400 lux) intensity red and blue lights was used to assess rod, cone and melanopsin‐containing intrinsic photosensitive retinal ganglion cell input to the pupil reflex.ResultsThe mean group pupil responses associated with a melanopsin‐mediated sustained pupil response at 400 lux blue light were significantly reduced in the depressed subjects (N = 39) as compared to the healthy controls (N = 24) (P = 0.023). Across all groups, a reduction in number of daylight hours was significantly associated with a reduction in sustained pupil response (P = 0.007). All groups showed an equal effect of daylight hours on the melanopsin‐mediated sustained pupil response.ConclusionThe melanopsin‐mediated sustained pupil contraction to offset of high‐intensity blue light is reduced in depressed patients. These results further emphasize the interaction of light exposure with depression.
Retrospective audit of patients referred for further treatment following Mohs surgery for non‐melanoma skin cancer
Authors: Wee Edmund , Goh Michelle S , Estall Vanessa , Tiong Albert , Webb Angela , Mitchell Catherine , Murray William , Tran Phillip , McCormack Christopher J , Henderson Michael , Hiscutt Emma L 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesTo describe the characteristics, subsequent management and outcomes of patients referred for further management following Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).MethodsRetrospective analysis of patients referred to a quaternary cancer centre from 2000 to 2015.ResultsIn total, 83 lesions in 82 patients were referred for further management; 52 (62%) were SCC and 80 (96%) were located in the head and neck. Reasons for referral included high‐risk disease for consideration for adjuvant radiotherapy (37/83, 45%), inadequate resection (28/83, 34%) or recurrence following previous MMS (15/83, 17%). Fewer than 40% of the 69 referrals received from MMS surgeons included photos or an operative report and diagram.There was discordance in pathology opinion in 11 (13%) of cases. Histopathology from MMS was reviewed in eight cases and there was discordance with the in‐hospital pathology opinion in six of these. In‐hospital re‐excision was performed in 19 cases and in five of these the pathology report on the paraffin‐sectioned re‐excised tissue was discordant with prior MMS assessment. Significantly, two cases were associated with a misinterpretation of lymphocytic infiltrate as residual disease in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL).ConclusionThis study highlights some of the challenges and limitations of MMS. Early referral for multidisciplinary management is recommended when MMS resection margins are inadequate or uncertain, especially for high‐risk SCC. We recommend that referrals be accompanied by histological material, as well as a detailed report with operative photos and diagrams. CLL can pose an intraoperative diagnostic challenge. Discrepancies in the interpretation of MMS slides present an opportunity for improvement, and our findings support the role of ongoing quality assurance programs.
Application of computer‐aided sperm analysis (CASA) for detecting sperm‐immobilizing antibody
Authors: Wakimoto Yu , Fukui Atsushi , Kojima Teruhito , Hasegawa Akiko , Shigeta Minoru , Shibahara Hiroaki 
Published: January 2018

ProblemSince the 1970s, anti‐sperm antibodies have been studied as a pathogenic factor contributing to infertility. The complement‐dependent sperm‐immobilization test (SIT) and quantitative SIT have been used as effective tools for detecting anti‐sperm antibodies in clinical settings. These tests have been carried out traditionally by manually counting the number of motile sperm through eye estimation.Method of studyIn this study, we developed a novel method using computer‐aided sperm analysis. The results were compared with those obtained by the traditional method.ResultsThe results were identical and 25 of 78 samples tested were positive and 53 samples were negative for sperm‐immobilizing (SI) antibodies based on both methods. For SI‐positive samples, the values of SI50 obtained using the two methods correlated closely with high co‐efficiency.ConclusionUsing the novel method, manually counting the number of motile spermatozoa becomes unnecessary. The novel method presented here will increase the objectivity and convenience of using the SIT as a clinical indicator.
Molecular allergen profiling in horses by microarray reveals Fag e 2 from buckwheat as a frequent sensitizer
Authors: Einhorn L. , Hofstetter G. , Brandt S. , Hainisch E. K. , Fukuda I. , Kusano K. , Scheynius A. , Mittermann I. , Resch‐Marat Y. , Vrtala S. , Valenta R. , Marti E. , Rhyner C. , Crameri R. , Satoh R. , Teshima R. , Tanaka A. , Sato H. , Matsuda H. , Pali‐Schöll I. , Jensen‐Jarolim E. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundCompanion animals are also affected by IgE‐mediated allergies, but the eliciting molecules are largely unknown. We aimed at refining an allergen microarray to explore sensitization in horses and compare it to the human IgE reactivity profiles.MethodsCustom‐designed allergen microarray was produced on the basis of the ImmunoCAP ISAC technology containing 131 allergens. Sera from 51 horses derived from Europe or Japan were tested for specific IgE reactivity. The included horse patients were diagnosed for eczema due to insect bite hypersensitivity, chronic coughing, recurrent airway obstruction and urticaria or were clinically asymptomatic.ResultsHorses showed individual IgE‐binding patterns irrespective of their health status, indicating sensitization. In contrast to European and Japanese human sensitization patterns, frequently recognized allergens were Aln g 1 from alder and Cyn d 1 from Bermuda grass, likely due to specific respiratory exposure around paddocks and near the ground. The most prevalent allergen for 72.5% of the tested horses (37/51) was the 2S‐albumin Fag e 2 from buckwheat, which recently gained importance not only in human but also in horse diet.ConclusionIn line with the One Health concept, covering human health, animal health and environmental health, allergen microarrays provide novel information on the allergen sensitization patterns of the companion animals around us, which may form a basis for allergen‐specific preventive and therapeutic concepts.