bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cefditoren Pivoxil
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Levien Terri , Baker Danial E. 
Published: January 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary® Monograph Service receive five to six well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. The monographs are published in printed form and on diskettes that allow customization. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board, The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X). All topics pertinent to clinical and hospital pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The March 2002 Formulary monograph topics are rosuvastatin calcium, pimecrolimus cream, omapatrilat, desloratadine, and norelgestromin/ethinyl estradiol transdermal system. The DUE is on valdecoxib.
Etanercept: Crohn's Disease
Authors: Generali Joyce , Cada Dennis J. 
Published: January 2018

Off-Label Drug Uses This Hospital Pharmacy feature is extracted from Off-Label DrugFacts, a quarterly publication available from Facts and Comparisons. Off-Label DrugFacts is a practitioner-oriented resource for information about specific FDA-unapproved drug uses. This new guide to the literature will enable the health care professional/clinician to quickly identify published studies on offlabel uses and to determine if a specific use is rational in a patient care scenario. The most relevant data are provided in tabular form so that the reader can easily identify the scope of information available. A summary of the data—including, background, study design, patient population, dosage information, therapy duration, results, safety, and therapeutic considerations—precedes each table of published studies. References direct the reader to the full literature for more comprehensive information prior to patient care decisions. Direct questions or comments on “Off-Label Drug Uses” to hospitalpharmacy@drugfacts.com .
Involving Nonclinical Departments in Patient Safety Discussions can Reduce the Risk of Serious Errors; “40 of K” is Not OK; NDC Number ID of Compounded Prescription Ingredient Leads to Error; Topamax-Toprol XL Mix-Up
Authors: Cohen Michael R. 
Published: January 2018

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again–perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them in your inservice training programs. Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the USP Medication Errors Reporting Program, which is presented in cooperation with the Institute for Safe Medication Practices. If you have encountered medication errors and would like to report them, you may call USP toll-free, 24 hours a day, at 800-233-7767 (800-23-ERROR). Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers' names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below.
Ziprasidone Mesylate for Injection
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Levien Terri , Baker Danial E. 
Published: January 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service receive five to six well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. The monographs are published in printed form and on diskettes that allow customization. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board, The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X.). All topics pertinent to clinical and hospital pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800–322–4349. The November 2002 monograph topics are adefovir dipivoxil, ximelagatran, agalsidase alfa and agalsidase beta, pemetrexed, and emtricitabine. The DUE is on adefovir dipivoxil.
Survey of Alternative Supplement Use within a Hospitalized Population
Authors: Leady Michelle A. , Wolsefer Joshua S. , Sweet Burgunda V. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose Study objectives were to identify the types of alternative supplements used by a group of hospital inpatients, determine if use continued within the hospital, and ascertain whether health professionals inquired about and documented patients' alternative supplement use. Methods One hundred patients 18 years of age or older from various hospital departments were randomly surveyed about the use of alternative supplements. Results Nineteen patients reported using a total of 16 herbal products. Green tea was the most commonly used herbal product. Of those who admitted taking alternative supplements, 15 of 19 patients (79%) indicated that their outpatient physicians were aware of this use. Only 9 of 19 patients (47%) indicated that their community pharmacists were aware that they used the supplements. Only 36 of 100 inpatients (36%) surveyed were asked about their alternative supplement use during their hospital stays. Of alternative supplement users who were asked about their use of alternative products, 33% indicated that they had not disclosed this use to the clinician. Additionally, 4 of 19 herbal users (21%) indicated that they were using their herbal products as inpatients, and 6 of 19 (32%) herbal users indicated an interest in using their herbs as inpatients, but had not yet done so. Conclusions Clinicians should encourage patients to disclose supplement use upon hospital admission. Pharmacy should be notified of inpatients' alternative supplement use so that potential drug–herb interactions can be avoided.
Differential effects of early palliative care based on the age and sex of patients with advanced cancer from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nipp Ryan D , El-Jawahri Areej , Traeger Lara , Jacobs Jamie M , Gallagher Emily R , Park Elyse R , Jackson Vicki A , Pirl William F , Temel Jennifer S , Greer Joseph A 
Published: January 2018

Background: Early palliative care interventions enhance patient outcomes, including quality of life, mood, and coping, but it remains unclear whether certain subgroups of patients are more likely to benefit from early palliative care. We explored whether age and sex moderate the improved outcomes seen with early palliative care. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of data from a randomized trial of 350 patients with advanced lung and non-colorectal gastrointestinal cancer. Patients received an early palliative care intervention integrated with oncology care or usual oncology care alone. We used linear regression to determine if age (older or younger than 65) and sex moderated the effects of the intervention on quality of life (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–General (FACT-G)), depression symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9)), and coping (Brief COPE) within lung and gastrointestinal subgroups. Results: At 24 weeks, younger patients with lung cancer receiving early palliative care reported increased use of active coping ( B = 1.74; p = 0.02) and decreased use of avoidant coping ( B = –0.97; p = 0.02), but the effects of early palliative care on these outcomes were not significant for older patients. Male patients with lung cancer assigned to early palliative care reported better quality of life (FACT-G: B = 9.31; p = 0.01) and lower depression scores (PHQ-9: B = –2.82; p = 0.02), but the effects of early palliative care on these outcomes were not significant for female patients. At 24 weeks, we found no age or sex moderation effects within the gastrointestinal cancer subgroup. Conclusion: Age and sex moderate the effects of early palliative care for patients with advanced lung cancer. Early palliative care may need to be tailored to individuals’ unique sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.
Location of Rotator Cuff Tear Initiation: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of 191 Shoulders
Authors: Jeong Jeung Yeol , Min Seul Ki , Park Keun Min , Park Yong Bok , Han Kwang Joon , Yoo Jae Chul 
Published: January 2018

Background: Degenerative rotator cuff tears (RCTs) are generally thought to originate at the anterior margin of the supraspinatus tendon. However, a recent ultrasonography study suggested that they might originate more posteriorly than originally thought, perhaps even from the isolated infraspinatus (ISP) tendon, and propagate toward the anterior supraspinatus. Hypothesis/Purpose: It was hypothesized that this finding could be reproduced with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The purpose was to determine the most common location of degenerative RCTs by using 3-dimensional multiplanar MRI reconstruction. It was assumed that the location of the partial-thickness tears would identify the area of the initiation of full-thickness tears. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted including 245 patients who had RCTs (nearly full- or partial-thickness tears) at the outpatient department between January 2011 and December 2013. RCTs were measured on 3-dimensional multiplanar reconstruction MRI with OsiriX software. The width and distance from the biceps tendon to the anterior margin of the tear were measured on T2-weighted sagittal images. In a spreadsheet, columns of consecutive numbers represented the size of each tear (anteroposterior width) and their locations with respect to the biceps brachii tendon. Data were pooled to graphically represent the width and location of all tears. Frequency histograms of the columns were made to visualize the distribution of tears. The tears were divided into 2 groups based on width (group A, <10 mm; group B, <20 and ≥10 mm) and analyzed for any differences in location related to size. Results: The mean width of all RCTs was 11.9 ± 4.1 mm, and the mean length was 11.1 ± 5.0 mm. Histograms showed the most common location of origin to be 9 to 10 mm posterior to the biceps tendon. The histograms of groups A and B showed similar tear location distributions, indicating that the region approximately 10 mm posterior to the biceps tendon is the most common site of tear initiation. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that degenerative RCTs most commonly originate from approximately 9 to 10 mm posterior to the biceps tendon.
Enhanced Dermal Regeneration using Modified Collagen Scaffolds: Experimental Porcine Study
Authors: Markowicz M.P. , Steffens G.C.M. , Fuchs P.C. , Pallua N. 
Published: January 2018

Ongoing research has achieved much progress towards the development of new artificial skin substitute products. However, effective implant material for correcting full-thickness defects (such as those arising from extensive burns, tumor resection, hereditary or congenital defects and chronic wounds) has not yet become available. Following split-thickness skin grafting, contraction and scar formation are unavoidable. These phenomena are believed to be due to poor dermis regeneration. Collagen dermis substitute has been developed for the treatment of deep, poorly vascularized tissue defects. However, their application is problematic, because scaffolds of this kind fail to adequately induce the neoangiogenesis needed for regeneration. To overcome these shortcomings a number of matrices have been chemically modified. Furthermore, these matrices first require implantation and follow-up by skin grafting 3 to 5 weeks later. In this article we describe new materials made of modified collagen which enhance dermal regeneration and neoangiogenesis. The procedure was applied in successfully dealing with full-thickness defects in pigs, with subsequent split-thickness skin grafting being performed immediately afterwards. Histological findings revealed that the neodermis obtained resembles a normal dermis structure. These scaffolds have the potential of serving as an off-the-shelf skin replacement in the reconstruction of deep wounds, thus supporting wound-healing processes.
Illness perception is significantly determined by depression and anxiety in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Nowicka-Sauer K , Hajduk A , Kujawska-Danecka H , Banaszkiewicz D , Smoleńska Ż , Czuszyńska Z , Siebert J 
Published: January 2018

Objectives Illness perception is a cognitive representation influencing physical and psychological functioning and adherence in patients with rheumatic disease. Studies exploring illness perception in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are still scarce and none of them have investigated factors determining illness perception. We aimed to assess illness perception and to identify psychological, clinical and sociodemographic factors that might influence illness perception in SLE. Methods The study involved 80 patients with SLE (87.5% women, mean age 41.56 years). The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, State Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Visual Analogue Scale-Pain and Fatigue Severity Scale were used. Clinical and sociodemographic data were collected via structured interview and medical files review. Results Illness perception was significantly positively correlated with anxiety, depression, sleep quality, fatigue and pain while it was not related to age, education, steroid treatment, disease duration and activity (SLEDAI) or organ damage (SLICC/ACR). Regression analysis revealed that state anxiety and depression explained 43% of illness perception variance. Cluster analysis identified three patient groups among which the middle-aged group had the most negative illness perception, the highest levels of anxiety, depression, pain and fatigue, and the poorest sleep quality. Conclusions The study has proved a significant relationship between negative illness perception and anxiety and depression. Patients reporting fatigue, poor sleep and pain might have special needs in terms of psychological intervention focused on negative illness perception and distress symptoms. Multidisciplinary care in managing SLE seems to be of great importance.
Comparing the Performance of Male-and Female-Controlled Businesses: Relating Outputs to Inputs
Authors: Watson John 
Published: January 2018

Previous research has found that female-owned businesses generally underperform male-owned businesses on a variety of measures such as sales and profit. Further, this underperformance appears to persist even after controlling for demographic differences. However, previous studies have tended to limit their assessment of performance to output measures (sales or profit, for example) without relating these output measures to appropriate inputs (such as total assets or owner's equity). This would appear to be a significant oversight. After controlling for industry, age of business, and the number of days a business operated, this study finds no significant differences between male- and female-controlled businesses with respect to total income to total assets (TITTA), the return on assets (ROA), or the return on equity (ROE). Interestingly, if the control variables are removed, there is evidence to suggest that female-controlled businesses outperform male-controlled businesses.
Gray matter networks and cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Rimkus Carolina M , Schoonheim Menno M , Steenwijk Martijn D , Vrenken Hugo , Eijlers Anand JC , Killestein Joep , Wattjes Mike P , Leite Claudia C , Barkhof Frederik , Tijms Betty M 
Published: January 2018

Background: Coordinated patterns of gray matter morphology can be represented as networks, and network disruptions may explain cognitive dysfunction related to multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: To investigate whether single-subject gray matter network properties are related to impaired cognition in MS. Methods: We studied 148 MS patients (99 female) and 33 healthy controls (HC, 21 female). Seven network parameters were computed and compared within MS between cognitively normal and impaired subjects, and associated with performance on neuropsychological tests in six cognitive domains with regression models. Analyses were controlled for age, gender, whole-brain gray matter volumes, and education level. Results: Compared to MS subjects with normal cognition, MS subjects with cognitive impairment showed a more random network organization as indicated by lower lambda values (all p < 0.05). Worse average cognition and executive function were associated with lower lambda values. Impaired information processing speed, working memory, and attention were associated with lower clustering values. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that MS subjects with a more randomly organized gray matter network show worse cognitive functioning, suggesting that single-subject gray matter graphs may capture neurological dysfunction due to MS.
Liberal alcohol policy in mundane reasoning
Authors: Törrönen Jukka 
Published: January 2018

The study looks at the changing relationships between the citizen and the state in the context of two case studies, concerned with the dismantling of restrictive alcohol policy in Finland. The first is based on a reception research in which key persons interpret two editorials on alcohol policy, one in defence of a (neo)liberal alcohol policy, the second in favour of a regulated welfare-state alcohol policy. The recipients were selected from three occupational fields in the city of Lahti in southern Finland representing politics, the mass media, and trade union branches. The second is based on focus group interviews among influentials in Helsinki and Tallinn. In both cities the groups were chosen from three fields: mass media, economy, and public administration (the article deals only with the Finnish part of the material). The key persons' argumentation is interpreted as identity speech dealing with the spatial, temporal, and positional aspects of ‘reference group’ values. The study shows that liberal alcohol policy predominates, not as a homogeneous ideal of freedom shared by all but as manifold forms of liberalism. Three strains of liberalism are identified: utopian, expressive, and cynical. All of them adopt a negative attitude towards the state, believe in the markets, have an aspiration for freedom, and interpret individuality as an obligation.
Problems with alcohol, drugs and violence in the restaurant sector: experiences from Bergen
Authors: Virtanen Marianne , Pernanen Kai 
Published: January 2018

This study describes staff experiences of problems associated with the serving of alcohol in Bergen, Norway. The aim is to find out how licensed premises deal with the various adverse consequences of alcohol use, particularly violence. It also addresses the question of how these problems could be countered. A questionnaire was mailed to all 250 licensed premises in Bergen. The response rate was 70 per cent. In addition, data were collected in interviews with 18 managers. The themes addressed in the study include the profile of the licensed premises, security systems, the serving of alcohol, restrictions applied, and violence. Data were additionally obtained on attitudes to the prevailing situation and on proposals regarding ways of countering current problems. Data interpretation and analysis is based primarily on a classification of the total sample of licensed premises into different categories (restaurants, cafés, bars/pubs, discos and dance halls, social clubs). In some cases the analysis is based on data regarding the mean age of the clientele. The different types of licensed premises vary widely in terms of their security systems and safety. The results show that a large proportion of staff in these premises have personal experiences of violent episodes in the workplace. Four in ten personnel in pubs and bars indicated they had been threatened by customers during the past 12 months. At the same time almost half of all respondents and nine in ten employees in discos and dance halls have seen violence or aggressive episodes. One in four have experienced such situations during the past three months. One-quarter of the respondents indicated they had had to call in the police in connection with violent incidents; this was most common in the case of discos and dance halls. During the past 12 months every other respondent had once or more often suspected clients of drug use. Dividing the licensed premises into categories by the mean age of their clientele, these suspicions were three times more common in places frequented by younger clients (under 24 years) than in those frequented by older clients (over 35 years). According to the results there is considerable interest among restaurant employees in further training in this field. Over half of them would be interested in training courses that have to do with legislation, dealing with customers, intoxicating substances, and conflict resolution. Almost half of the respondents have their own ideas and suggestions as to how aggressive or other undesirable behaviour could be reduced.
Effects of economic factors on alcohol consumption in 14 European countries
Authors: Leppänen Kalervo , Sullström Risto , Suoniemi Ilpo 
Published: January 2018

Kalervo Leppänen & Risto Sullström & Ilpo Suoniemi: Effects of economic factors on alcohol consumption in 14 European countries This paper analyses time series data on alcohol consumption in 14 European countries. Flexible models of alcohol consumption using quantity index data and absolute alcohol in litres per adult have been specified to find similarities in consumer preferences. The SURE method and Wald test were used to estimate and test for common parameters across the countries and to obtain the corresponding restricted estimates. We also constructed comparable price indices for alcoholic beverages and total expenditure variables in order to capture differences between the countries in price levels and the consumers' purchasing power. The hypothesis of common preferences was clearly rejected by the data. Total expenditure affects the demand for alcohol equally across the countries and the price parameters are equal within the three groups, i.e. the monopoly countries, wine producers and other countries with the exception of the Netherlands. The common estimate of the expenditure parameter suggests that alcoholic beverages are considered to be normal goods rather than luxuries. The demand for alcoholic beverages is more easily controllable by excise taxes in the monopoly countries than elsewhere. In the wine-producing countries demand is relatively price inelastic. The value of the price elasticity indicates that taxes have not been set at their revenue-maximizing levels in the monopoly countries. Analysis of absolute alcohol consumption revealed that the country-specific level constants were the major factor in explaining the difference among the countries. Economic variables, the price of alcohol and total expenditure played a subsidiary yet important role.