bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Side‐of‐onset of Parkinson's disease in relation to neuropsychological measures
Authors: Modestino Edward J. , Amenechi Chioma , Reinhofer AnnaMarie , O'Toole Patrick 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) usually emerges with a unilateral side‐of‐onset (left‐onset: LOPD; right‐onset: ROPD; Marinus & van Hilten, 2015) due to an asymmetrical degeneration of striatal dopaminergic neurons (Donnemiller et al., Brain, 135, 2012, 3348). This has led to a body of research exploring the cognitive, neuropsychological, and clinical differences between LOPD and ROPD (e.g., Verreyt et al., Neuropsychology Review, 21, 2011, 405).MethodsThirty ROPD and 14 LOPD cases were drawn from a Boston clinic specializing in PD. Various cognitive and neuropsychological measures were used in an attempt to discover if there were indeed any differences between LOPD and ROPD in this cohort.ResultsFor LOPD, duration of illness was found to be significantly greater than that of ROPD. However, further testing was able to confirm that despite this difference, it was not the cause of the other significant differences found. Furthermore, this increased duration was consistent with a previous study (Munhoz et al., Parkinsonism and Related Disorders, 19, 2013, 77). Performance on the Digit Span Backward (DSB) was found to be significantly poorer in LOPD than ROPD, suggesting compromised executive function in LOPD. Additionally, LOPD had significantly greater anxiety on the DASS Anxiety scales than ROPD. However, unlike Foster et al (Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, 23, 2010, 4), this increased anxiety could not account for the poorer performance on the DSB for LOPD. Finally, ROPD had significantly greater magical ideation than LOPD, which can be explained by the theory put forth by Brugger and Graves (European Archives of Psychiatry, 247, 1997, 55).ConclusionClear and significant differences between LOPD and ROPD were found within our cohort. LOPD showed greater impairment of working memory, greater anxiety, and greater duration of illness—all independent of one another; whereas, those with ROPD had greater magical ideation, also independent of any other variables.
The Effect of Moisture on the Hydrolysis of Basic Salts
Authors: Shi Xiaoyang , Xiao Hang , Chen Xi , Lackner Klaus S. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA great deal of information exists concerning the hydration of ions in bulk water. Much less noticeable, but equally ubiquitous is the hydration of ions holding on to several water molecules in nanoscopic pores or in natural air at low relative humidity. Such hydration of ions with a high ratio of ions to water molecules (up to 1:1) are essential in determining the energetics of many physical and chemical systems. Herein, we present a quantitative analysis of the energetics of ion hydration in nanopores based on molecular modeling of a series of basic salts associated with different numbers of water molecules. The results show that the degree of hydrolysis of basic salts in the presence of a few water molecules is significantly different from that in bulk water. The reduced availability of water molecules promotes the hydrolysis of divalent and trivalent basic ions (S2−, CO32−, SO32−, HPO42−, SO42−, PO43−), which produces lower valent ions (HS−, HCO3−, HSO3−, H2PO4−, HSO4−, HPO42−) and OH−ions. However, reducing the availability of water inhibits the hydrolysis of monovalent basic ions (CN−, HS−). This finding sheds some light on a vast number of chemical processes in the atmosphere and on solid porous surfaces. The discovery has wide potential applications including designing efficient absorbents for acidic gases.
ChemInform Abstract: Single‐Electron Transmetalation: Photoredox/Nickel Dual Catalytic Cross‐Coupling of Secondary Alkyl β‐Trifluoroboratoketones and ‐esters with Aryl Bromides.
Authors: Tellis John C. , Amani Javad , Molander Gary A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFor the first time, a cross‐coupling of secondary alkyl β‐trifluoroboratoketones and ‐esters with aryl bromides under photoredox/nickel dual catalysis is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Synthesis of exo‐Peroxyacetals: An Organocatalyzed Peroxyhemiacetalization/Oxa‐Michael Addition Cascade.
Authors: Maity Sanjay , Parhi Biswajit , Ghorai Prasanta 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAn unprecedented peroxyhemiacetalization/oxa‐Michael addition cascade of ortho‐formyl homochalcones is conducted using cinchona‐alkaloid‐based chiral bifunctional catalysts to provide cis‐configured exo‐peroxyacetals, a new class of organic peroxide.
ChemInform Abstract: Enol Ethers as Carbonyl Surrogates in a Modification of the Povarov Synthesis of 3‐Aryl Quinolines and Their anti‐Toxoplasma Activity.
Authors: Brown Carla E. , McNulty James , Bordon Claudia , Yolken Robert , Jones‐Brando Lorraine 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe three‐component reaction between ethyl glyoxylate, aryl substituted enol ethers and aryl amines offers access to various 3‐aryl quinoline derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanisms of Peptide Hydrolysis by Aspartyl and Metalloproteases
Authors: Paul Thomas J. , Barman Arghya , Ozbil Mehmet , Bora Ram Prasad , Zhang Tingting , Sharma Gaurav , Hoffmann Zachary , Prabhakar Rajeev 
Published: October 2016

AbstractReview: 125 refs.
Physikalische Verfahren zur Entalkoholisierung verschiedener Getränkematrizes und deren Einfluss auf qualitätsrelevante Merkmale
Authors: Müller Magdalena , Bellut Konstantin , Tippmann Johannes , Becker Thomas 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMembranbasierte und thermische Verfahren werden seit vielen Jahren zur Herstellung alkoholfreier Getränke genutzt, um Ethanol aus Bier oder anderen alkoholhaltigen, fermentierten Matrizes zu entfernen. Ziel ist, Ethanol möglichst selektiv und unter Berücksichtigung der Verluste wertgebender Aromastoffe zu entziehen. Neben gesetzlichen Grundlagen und gesundheitsrelevanten Aspekten werden verschiedene Technologien sowie deren Auswirkungen auf die Aromastoffzusammensetzung von Zwischen‐ und Endprodukten erläutert. Auch auf die Möglichkeiten zur verfahrenstechnischen Beurteilung thermischer Verfahren wird eingegangen.
Ni−Cu Hydrotalcite‐Derived Mixed Oxides as Highly Selective and Stable Catalysts for the Synthesis of β‐Branched Bioalcohols by the Guerbet Reaction
Authors: Hernández Willinton Y. , De Vlieger Kevin , Van Der Voort Pascal , Verberckmoes An 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA series of Ni−Cu hydrotalcite‐derived mixed oxides have been synthesized and evaluated as heterogeneous catalysts for the dimerization of linear aliphatic alcohols to afford β‐branched Guerbet alcohols. The use of the hydrotalcite‐structured catalyst precursor highly favors the catalyst stability. This Cu/Ni catalyst has an enhanced reducibility of Ni2+ species under reaction conditions, favoring the hydrogen transfer and hydrogenation capacity of the catalyst system. Catalytic results are reported for C8, mixed C8/C10, and C18 alcohol feeds, with full conversions and Guerbet product purities of 72.5–96 %.
Epigenetic Treatment of Persistent Viral Infections
Authors: Moos Walter H. , Pinkert Carl A. , Irwin Michael H. , Faller Douglas V. , Kodukula Krishna , Glavas Ioannis P. , Steliou Kosta 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Preclinical Research

Approximately 2,500 years ago, Hippocrates used the word herpes as a medical term to describe lesions that appeared to creep or crawl on the skin, advocating heat as a possible treatment. During the last 50 years, pharmaceutical research has made great strides, and therapeutic options have expanded to include small molecule antiviral agents, protease inhibitors, preventive vaccines for a handful of the papillomaviruses, and even cures for hepatitis C virus infections. However, effective treatments for persistent and recurrent viral infections, particularly the highly prevalent herpesviruses, continue to represent a significant unmet medical need, affecting the majority of the world's population. Exploring the population diversity of the human microbiome and the effects its compositional variances have on the immune system, health, and disease are the subjects of intense investigational research and study. Among the collection of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and single‐cell eukaryotes that comprise the human microbiome, the virome has been grossly understudied relative to the influence it exerts on human pathophysiology, much as mitochondria have until recently failed to receive the attention they deserve, given their critical biomedical importance. Fortunately, cellular epigenetic machinery offers a wealth of druggable targets for therapeutic intervention in numerous disease indications, including those outlined above. With advances in synthetic biology, engineering our body's commensal microorganisms to seek out and destroy pathogenic species is clearly on the horizon. This is especially the case given recent breakthroughs in genetic manipulation with tools such as the CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR‐associated) gene‐editing platforms. Tying these concepts together with our previous work on the microbiome and neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases, we suggest that, because mammalian cells respond to a viral infection by triggering a cascade of antiviral innate immune responses governed substantially by the cell's mitochondria, small molecule carnitinoids represent a new class of therapeutics with potential widespread utility against many infectious insults. Drug Dev Res 78 : 24–36, 2017.   © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: a retrospective single‐center study
Authors: Kamranzadeh Fumani Hosein , Zokaasadi Mohammad , Kasaeian Amir , Alimoghaddam Kamran , Mousavi Seyed Asadollah , Bahar Babak , Vaezi Mohammad , Ghavamzadeh Ardeshir 
Published: October 2016

AbstractParoxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare clonal disease of hematopoietic stem cell characterized by complement mediated intravascular hemolysis. There are different treatment modalities available for PNH, such as supportive care, eculizumab, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT); only the last one has a potential curative role. This study reported the outcome of HSCT transplanted PNH patients. Thirteen PNH patients between 2002 and 2014 participated in this study. All had full‐matched sibling donors, and the conditioning regimen was Bu/Cy (busulfan plus cyclophosphamide), and the source of stem cells was peripheral blood of the donors. Mean age at transplant was 27.46 years, and mean time to transplant was 41.30 months. Three were female and 10 were male. Three patients died at the end of follow‐up time, and the cause of death was graft versus host disease (GVHD) for all 3 cases. Survival analysis showed a 5‐year and a 13‐year survival rate of 74.07% and a significant relationship between a positive history of thrombosis and a higher mortality rate. HSCT has curative role in management of PNH with an acceptable survival rate and therefore can be considered as an acceptable choice for selected cases.
Properties of chaotic vibration energy harvester: comparison of numerical results with experiments
Authors: Sugisawa Takeshi , Igarashi Hajime 
Published: October 2016

AbstractEnergy‐harvesting devices have been developed for the use of voltage sources in low‐powered wireless sensors. Vibration energy harvesters generate electric power from ambient vibration of constructions such as bridges, tunnel walls, and power pylons. Vibration energy harvesters are required to have high power generation efficiency over a wide vibration frequency. This paper presents a vibration energy harvester in which closed magnetic circuits are formed aiming at high efficiency and double‐well potential is formed to have chaotic vibration to realize wide frequency‐range power generation. In particular, the conditions for emergence of chaotic vibration are clarified based on numerical analysis and experiments.
Activities of daily living and quality of life during treatment with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and after surgery in patients with esophageal cancer
Authors: Haj Mohammad Nadia , De Rooij Sophia , Hulshof Maarten , Ruurda Jelle , Wijnhoven Bas , Erdkamp Frans , Sosef Meindert , Gisbertz Suzanne , van Berge Henegouwen Mark , Sprangers Mirjam , van Laarhoven Hanneke 
Published: October 2016

Background and ObjectivesNeoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) followed by esophagectomy is a treatment with curative intent for resectable esophageal cancer. The aim of this study was to measure activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QoL), and to examine correlates of changes in ADL and QoL.MethodsA prospective study was performed with three time points (baseline, 1 week after the end of nCRT, 3‐months post‐surgery) together with a cross‐sectional post‐treatment study. ADL was measured with the Amsterdam Linear Disability Score (ALDS), and QoL with the EORTC QLQ‐C30 and the OES‐18. Regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with changes in ADL and QoL.ResultsSeventy‐six patients were included in the prospective study, 79 in the cross‐sectional study. After nCRT, ALDS decreased from 90 to 88 (P < 0.01) and remained stable after surgery. Global QoL decreased from 75 to 61 (P < 0.01); no significant changes were observed after surgery. Only timing of the measurement of ALDS was negatively associated with non‐maximum ALDS (n = 155, based on both studies) and QoL (n = 76) (P < 0.01).ConclusionsPatients who undergo nCRT plus surgery should be prepared to experience a short‐term decline in ADL and QoL. The findings of this study can support patients and healthcare workers to guide expectations. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:684–690. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A novel computer algorithm for modeling and treating mandibular fractures: A pilot study
Authors: Rizzi Christopher J. , Ortlip Timothy , Greywoode Jewel D. , Vakharia Kavita T. , Vakharia Kalpesh T. 
Published: October 2016

Objectives/HypothesisTo describe a novel computer algorithm that can model mandibular fracture repair. To evaluate the algorithm as a tool to model mandibular fracture reduction and hardware selection.Study DesignRetrospective pilot study combined with cross‐sectional survey.MethodsA computer algorithm utilizing Aquarius Net (TeraRecon, Inc, Foster City, CA) and Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Adobe Systems, Inc, San Jose, CA) was developed to model mandibular fracture repair. Ten different fracture patterns were selected from nine patients who had already undergone mandibular fracture repair. The preoperative computed tomography (CT) images were processed with the computer algorithm to create virtual images that matched the actual postoperative three‐dimensional CT images. A survey comparing the true postoperative image with the virtual postoperative images was created and administered to otolaryngology resident and attending physicians. They were asked to rate on a scale from 0 to 10 (0 = completely different; 10 = identical) the similarity between the two images in terms of the fracture reduction and fixation hardware.ResultsTen mandible fracture cases were analyzed and processed. There were 15 survey respondents. The mean score for overall similarity between the images was 8.41 ± 0.91; the mean score for similarity of fracture reduction was 8.61 ± 0.98; and the mean score for hardware appearance was 8.27 ± 0.97. There were no significant differences between attending and resident responses. There were no significant differences based on fracture location.ConclusionThis computer algorithm can accurately model mandibular fracture repair. Images created by the algorithm are highly similar to true postoperative images. The algorithm can potentially assist a surgeon planning mandibular fracture repair.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 2016 127:331–336, 2017
The Rhodococcus equi virulence protein VapA disrupts endolysosome function and stimulates lysosome biogenesis
Authors: Rofe Adam P. , Davis Luther J. , Whittingham Jean L. , Latimer‐Bowman Elizabeth C. , Wilkinson Anthony J. , Pryor Paul R. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractRhodococcus equi (R. equi) is an important pulmonary pathogen in foals that often leads to the death of the horse. The bacterium harbors a virulence plasmid that encodes numerous virulence‐associated proteins (Vaps) including VapA that is essential for intracellular survival inside macrophages. However, little is known about the precise function of VapA. Here, we demonstrate that VapA causes perturbation to late endocytic organelles with swollen endolysosome organelles having reduced Cathepsin B activity and an accumulation of LBPA, LC3 and Rab7. The data are indicative of a loss of endolysosomal function, which leads cells to upregulate lysosome biogenesis to compensate for the loss of functional endolysosomes. Although there is a high degree of homology of the core region of VapA to other Vap proteins, only the highly conserved core region of VapA, and not VapD of VapG, gives the observed effects on endolysosomes. This is the first demonstration of how VapA works and implies that VapA aids R. equi survival by reducing the impact of lysosomes on phagocytosed bacteria.
Enhanced Recovery Program in High‐Risk Patients Undergoing Colorectal Surgery: Results from the PeriOperative Italian Society Registry
Authors: Braga Marco , Pecorelli Nicolò , Scatizzi Marco , Borghi Felice , Missana Giancarlo , Radrizzani Danilo ,   PeriOperative Italian Society, Azzola Marco , Beretta Luigi , Bima Carlo , Bona Stefano , Bouzari Hedayat , Casiraghi Umberto , Ceretti Andrea Pisani , Crespi Michele , Ficari Ferdinando , Iuliani Riccardo , Maspero Marianna , Monzani Roberta , Muratore Andrea , Pellegrino Luca 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundEnhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways represent the optimal approach for patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Elderly or low physical status patients have been often excluded from ERAS pathways because considered at high risk. The aim of this study is to assess the adherence to ERAS protocol and its impact on short‐term postoperative outcome in patients with different surgical risk undergoing elective colorectal resection.MethodsProspectively collected data entered in an electronic Italian registry specifically designed for ERAS were reviewed. Patients were divided into four groups according to age (70‐year‐old cutoff) and preoperative physical status as measured by the ASA grade (I–II vs. III–IV). Adherence to 18 ERAS elements and postoperative outcomes were compared between groups. Regression analysis was used to identify independent factors associated with improved outcomes.ResultsEleven Italian hospitals reported data on 706 patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery within an ERAS protocol. Patients with low physical status had reduced adherence to preoperative carbohydrate loading, epidural analgesia, PONV prophylaxis, and early urinary catheter removal. No difference was found between groups for adherence to other perioperative elements. Major complications occurred in 37 (5.2 %) patients without significant differences among groups (p = 0.384). Median (IQR) time to readiness for discharge (TRD) was 4 (3–6) days, length of hospital stay (LOS) was 6 (4–7) days, and both were significantly shorter by only 1 day in the groups of younger patients (p < 0.001). At multivariate analysis, laparoscopy increased adherence to ERAS items and reduced TRD, LOS, and morbidity. A high ASA grade was significantly associated with lower adherence, whereas older age significantly prolonged TRD and LOS.ConclusionERAS pathway can be safely applied in elderly and low physical status patients yielding slight differences in postoperative morbidity and time to recover. Laparoscopy was independently associated with increased adherence to ERAS protocol and improved short‐term postoperative outcome.
Impact of selective anti‐BMP9 treatment on tumor cells and tumor angiogenesis
Authors: Brand Verena , Lehmann Christian , Umkehrer Christian , Bissinger Stefan , Thier Martina , de Wouters Mariana , Raemsch Romi , Jucknischke Ute , Haas Alexander , Breuer Sebastian , Birzele Fabian , Racek Tomas , Reis Marco , Lorenzon Erica , Herting Frank , Stürzl Michael , Lorenz Stefan , Kienast Yvonne 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe role of bone morphogenic protein 9 (BMP9) signaling in angiogenesis has been controversial, with a number of studies showing that it acts either as a pro‐angiogenic or, conversely, as an anti‐angiogenic factor in a context‐dependent manner. Notably, BMP9 was also reported to function in both pro‐ or anti‐tumorigenic roles during tumor progression. It has therefore remained unclear, whether selective BMP9 inhibition is a useful target for antibody therapy of cancer. To shed light on these questions, we characterized BMP9 expression in plasma of patients with different cancer indications and found elevated levels of pro‐domains and precursor BMP9 with a strong response in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). These studies prompted us to evaluate the potential of selective anti‐BMP9 cancer therapy in RCC. We generated a novel monoclonal therapeutic antibody candidate, mAb BMP9‐0093, that selectively targets all different BMP9 variants but does not bind to the closest homolog BMP10. In vitro, mAb BMP9‐0093 treatment inhibited signaling, endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) production and spreading of endothelial cells and restored BMP9‐induced decrease in pericyte migration and attachment. Furthermore, BMP9‐mediated epithelial–mesenchymal transition of renal cell carcinoma cells was reversed by mAb BMP9‐0093 treatment in vitro. In vivo, mAb BMP9‐0093 showed significant anti‐tumor activity that was associated with an increase in apoptosis as well as a decrease in tumor cell proliferation and ET‐1 release. Furthermore, mAb BMP9‐0093 induced mural cell coverage of endothelial cells, which was corroborated by a reduction in vascular permeability, demonstrated by a diminished penetration of omalizumab‐Alexa 647 into tumor tissue. Our findings provide new evidence for a better understanding of BMP9 contribution in tumor progression and angiogenesis that may result in the development of effective targeted therapeutic interventions.
Role of targeted magnetic resonance imaging sequences in the surgical management of anterior skull base pathology
Authors: Chawla S , Bowman J , Gandhi M , Panizza B 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackground:The skull base is a highly complex anatomical region that provides passage for important nerves and vessels as they course into and out of the cranial cavity. Key to the management of pathology in this region is a thorough understanding of the anatomy, with its variations, and the relationship of various neurovascular structures to the pathology in question. Targeted high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging on high field strength magnets can enable the skull base surgeon to understand this intricate relationship and deal with the pathology from a position of relative advantage.Objective:With the help of case studies, this paper illustrates the application of specialised magnetic resonance techniques to study pathology of the orbital apex in particular.Conclusion:The fine anatomical detail provided gives surgeons the ability to design an endonasal endoscopic procedure appropriate to the anatomy of the pathology.