bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
РОЛЬ ЦИКЛОВОЇ МЕТОДИЧНОЇ КОМІСІЇ З ХІРУРГІЧНИХ ДИСЦИПЛІН В ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ НАВЧАЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ ВИЩИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ
Authors: Shulhai A. H. , Shidlovskyi V. O. , Ivashchuk L. Yu. 
Published: October 2017

Мета роботи – проаналізувати і оцінити роботу циклової методичної комісії із хірургічних дисциплін в організації навчального процесу вищих навчальних закладів.Основна частина. Проведений аналіз 18-річної роботи циклової методичної комісії з хірургічних дисциплін ДВНЗ “Тернопільський державний медичний університет імені І. Я. Горбачевського МОЗ України ».Результати та обговорення. Діяльність методичної комісії із хірургічних дисциплін спрямована на удосконалення організаційного та методичного забезпечення навчально-виховного процесу. Вона надавала рекомендації стосовно вдосконалення навчальних планів підготовки спеціалістів за відповідними напрямками та структурування змісту навчальних програм. Планування роботи методичної комісії здійснюється щорічно на основі рішень і рекомендацій ректорату, вченої ради університету, деканатів. План роботи складався на кожний навчальний рік у червні місяці. Після обговорення та схвалення методичною комісією план роботи затверджувався ректором. Засідання методичної комісії проводилися один раз на два місяці. При необхідності, скликались оперативні позачергові засідання. У разі необхідності на засідання методичної комісії запрошувались представники відповідних структурних підрозділів університету та окремі викладачі, які мають відношення до питань, що розглядались на методичній комісії. Рішення методичної комісії приймались відкритим голосуванням і вважались прийнятими тоді, коли за нього проголосувало більше половини присутніх на засіданні, доводились до відома працівників хірургічних кафедр університету впродовж 3-х днів. Однією з особливостей роботи комісії є реалізація навчально-виховних цілей. Зміст цієї роботи полягав у вдосконаленні методичної майстерності викладачів, зміні авторитарно-дисциплінарної моделі навчання на особистісно-орієнтовану.Висновок. Циклова методична комісія з хірургічних дисциплін повинна бути однією з ланок цілісної системи організації навчального процесу в медичному вищому навчальному закладі.
Short‐ versus Long‐term Stenting in Children with Subglottic Stenosis Undergoing Laryngotracheal Reconstruction
Authors: Smith David F. , de Alarcon Alessandro , Jefferson Niall D. , Tabangin Meredith E. , Rutter Michael J. , Cotton Robin T. , Hart Catherine K. 
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesSuprastomal stents are routinely used in laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR) to stabilize grafts and provide framework to sites of repair. However, the duration of stenting varies according to patient history and physician preference. We examined outcomes of short‐ versus long‐term stenting in children with subglottic stenosis (SGS) undergoing LTR.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingTertiary care pediatric hospital.Subjects and MethodsThirty‐six children <18 years old who underwent double‐stage LTR for SGS from January 2012 to January 2015 were included. Demographic data, stenosis grade, and decannulation rates were compared between children with short‐term stenting (≤21 days; n = 14) and those with long‐term stenting (>21 days; n = 22).ResultsNo significant difference between groups was seen for sex, age, race, or previous repair. Children in the short‐term group were stented for 10.9 ± 4.9 days, compared with 44.0 ± 10.6 for those long‐term (P <. 0001). A similar number of children with short‐ versus long‐term stents had grade 3/4 stenosis preoperatively (71.4% vs 77.2%). Although time to decannulation was not significantly different, 72.7% of children with long‐term stents were decannulated, as opposed to 35.7% with short‐term stents (P =. 03). After adjusting for grade at surgery and age, children with long‐term stents had 4.3 greater odds (95% CI, 1.0‐18.3) of decannulation than children with short‐term stents.ConclusionsChildren with long‐term stenting were more likely to be successfully decannulated. Although long‐term stenting improved outcomes for children with SGS, additional research is needed to better define ideal candidates for short‐ versus long‐term stenting.
National Multispecialty Survey Results: Comparing Morbidity and Mortality Conference Practices within and outside Otolaryngology
Authors: Balakrishnan Karthik , Arjmand Ellis M. , Nussenbaum Brian , Snyderman Carl 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveThe objective is to describe variations in the otolaryngology morbidity and mortality (M&M) conference and to compare with other specialties.DesignCross‐sectional survey.SettingThe setting included otolaryngology departments across the United States and nonotolaryngology medical and surgical departments at 4 academic medical centers.Subjects and MethodsParticipants were members of a national otolaryngology quality/safety network and nonotolaryngology quality leaders at 4 large academic hospitals. Surveys were administered January 2017. Respondents described M&M conference practices, goals, and educational role.ResultsTwenty‐eight of 39 individuals representing 28 institutions completed the otolaryngology survey (72% response rate). Of 197 individuals, 60 (30% response rate) representing 11 surgical and 20 nonsurgical specialties completed the comparison survey. Twenty‐seven of 28 otolaryngologists (46 of 60 nonotolaryngologists) worked in academic settings. All otolaryngology programs conducted an M&M conference: 54% discussed all adverse events and errors; 32% used standard case selection processes; 70% used structured discussion, usually root cause analysis (64%); and 32% classified harm level. In comparison with other specialties, otolaryngology programs were more likely to discuss all adverse events and errors (P =. 01). Most conferences led to quality projects and intrainstitutional communication: 22% communicated to patients and families; 73% of respondents thought that M&M conferences should be standardized or use “best practices.” In both surveys, improving patient care was rated the conference’s most important function, followed by trainee education and culture change. Patient care and practice‐based learning were rated the most relevant Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Core Competencies in both surveys.ConclusionsAcademic otolaryngology M&M practices generally align with other specialties, but specifics vary widely, making collaborative quality improvement challenging. Educational and administrative priorities cross specialties. Most respondents thought that standardization and best practices are worthwhile. Nonacademic practice data are needed.
Integration of Community Pharmacists in Transition of Care (TOC) Services: Current Trends and Pharmacist Perceptions
Authors: Zeleznikar Elizabeth A. , Kroehl Miranda E. , Perica Katharine M. , Thompson Angela M. , Trinkley Katy E. 
Published: October 2017

Background: Barriers exist for patients transitioning from one health-care setting to another, or to home, and health-care systems are falling short of meeting patient needs during this time. Community pharmacist incorporation poses a solution to the current communication breakdown and high rates of medication errors during transitions of care (TOC). The purpose of this study was to determine community pharmacists’ involvement in and perceptions of TOC services. Methods: Cross-sectional study using electronic surveys nationwide to pharmacists employed by a community pharmacy chain. Results: Of 7236 pharmacists surveyed, 546 (7.5%) responded. Only 33 (6%) pharmacists reported their pharmacy participates in TOC services. Most pharmacists (81.5%) reported receiving discharge medication lists. The most common reported barrier to TOC participation is lack of electronic integration with surrounding hospitals (51.1%). Most pharmacists agreed that (1) it is valuable to receive discharge medication lists (83.3%), (2) receiving discharge medication lists is beneficial for patients’ health (89.1%), (3) discharge medication list receipt improves medication safety (88.8%). Conclusions: Most pharmacists reported receiving discharge medication lists and reported discharge medication lists are beneficial, but less than half purposefully used medication lists. To close TOC gaps, health-care providers must collaborate to overcome barriers for successful TOC services.
Authentic Leadership in HRD—Identity Matters! Critical Explorations on Leading Authentically
Authors: Storberg-Walker Julia , Gardiner Rita A. 
Published: October 2017

The ProblemAuthentic leadership (AL) has been viewed as an attractive leadership model to combat destructive forms of leadership. On a simple level, it is difficult to argue against authenticity when leading and developing leaders. However, on a deeper level, many scholars have challenged the ideas supporting authentic leadership to highlight the model’s theoretical assumptions and implicit values. Of the critiques, one of the most relevant challenges for HRD (Human Resource Development) is the critique based on identity because this critique aligns with HRD’s focus on diversity and inclusion. The problem is that HRD researchers and practitioners need to understand more about how authentic leadership, as described typically in scholarly and practitioner journals, homogenizes the workplace and discounts diverse ways of being authentic.The SolutionThe articles in this Special Issue offer a variety of different perspectives on the connection between authentic leadership and identity to make transparent the hidden assumptions, power dynamics, and contextual forces at play. When these unexamined and implicit factors are considered, HRD scholars and practitioners will be in a better position to promote diversity and inclusion in the workplace, as well as in teaching, research, and service.The StakeholdersResearchers and practitioners interested in authentic leadership, diversity and inclusion, and power.
Authentic Leadership and Talent Development: Fulfilling Individual Potential in Sociocultural Context
Authors: Debebe Gelaye 
Published: October 2017

The Problem Although leadership researchers have alluded to a connection between talent and leadership, the relationship has not been explored. The Solution Leadership entails influence through inspiration. A key assumption of this article is that people inspire others when they themselves are inspired by what they do and, further, that such inspiration stems from authentic talent development. Authentic talent development is a process whereby individuals discover what they are good at and love to do, and use their talents to express their values. This article incorporates insights from the leadership authenticity and talent development literatures to present a framework of authentic leadership and talent development in sociocultural context. The framework illuminates how social identity ascription processes can thwart the course of an individual’s talent development efforts. It also shows how individuals can overcome these pressures by cultivating positive psychological capital (PsyCap), thereby pursuing personally resonant talent trajectories. The Stakeholders This article is relevant to Human Resource Development (HRD) researchers and scholar-practitioners, and those that design and deliver leadership development programs. It is also relevant to students of leadership in academic and corporate settings.
Risk assessment for infected endocarditis in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia patients: When is transesophageal echocardiography needed?
Authors: Longobardo Luca , Klemm Sarah , Cook Margaret , Ravenna Valerie , Brummitt Charles F , Mengesha Tadele , Khandheria Bijoy K 
Published: October 2017

Aims: Echocardiography is the main technique for the diagnosis of endocarditis in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB), but a consensus about performing transthoracic echocardiography or transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) as first-line tests is currently lacking. Recently, a new scoring system has been proposed by Palraj et al. to guide the use of TEE in this population. Our aim was to validate this scoring system or modify it, if necessary. Methods and results: Data from SAB patients admitted from 2012 to 2014 were collected. We tested the Palraj scores to stratify patients’ risk for endocarditis. Moreover, we analyzed our population to identify any other possible clinical predictors of endocarditis not included in the score. Endocarditis was diagnosed in 38 of 205 patients (18.5%). Palraj’s score was effective in the detection of patients at high risk of endocarditis. In addition, we identified the presence of cardiac devices, prolonged bacteremia and intravenous drug abuse (IVDA) as elements strongly correlated with endocarditis. Two scoring systems (Day-1 and Day-5) were derived including IVDA as a variable. Using a Day-1 cut-off value ≥5 and a Day-5 cut-off value ≥2, the ‘modified Palraj’s score’ showed sensitivities of 42.1% and 97.0% and specificities of 88.6% and 32.0% for Day-1 and Day-5 scores, respectively. Conclusion: We modify and expand upon an effective scoring system to identify SAB patients at high risk for endocarditis in order to guide use of TEE. The inclusion of IVDA in the criteria for the calculation of the scores improves its effectiveness.
How I treat warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, and myelokathexis syndrome
Authors: Badolato Raffaele , Donadieu Jean ,   the WHIM Research Group
Published: October 2017

AbstractWarts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, and myelokathexis (WHIM) syndrome is a genetic disease characterized by neutropenia, lymphopenia, susceptibility to infections, and myelokathexis, which describes degenerative changes of mature neutrophils and hyperplasia of bone marrow myeloid cells. Some patients present with hypogammaglobulinemia and/or refractory warts of skin and genitalia. Congenital cardiac defects constitute uncommon manifestations of the disease. The disorder, which is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, is caused by heterozygous mutations of the chemokine receptor CXCR4. These mutations lead to an increased sensitivity of neutrophils and lymphocytes to the unique ligand CXCL12 and to an increased accumulation of mature neutrophils in the bone marrow. Despite greatly improved knowledge of the disease, therapeutic choices are insufficient to prevent some of the disease outcomes, such as development of bronchiectasis, anogenital dysplasia, or invasive cancer. The available therapeutic measures aimed at preventing the risk for infection in WHIM patients are discussed. We critically evaluate the diagnostic criteria of WHIM syndrome, particularly when WHIM syndrome should be suspected in patients with congenital neutropenia and lymphopenia despite the absence of hypogammaglobulinemia and/or warts. Finally, we discuss recent results of trials evaluating plerixafor, a selective antagonist of CXCR4, as a mechanism-oriented strategy for treatment of WHIM patients.
The time-varying role of the family in student time use and achievement
Authors: Hull Marie C. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In this paper, I use a unique dataset linking administrative school data with birth records to quantify the importance of time-varying family factors for child achievement and time use. Specifically, I take a model of academic achievement commonly used in the test score literature, and I augment it to include a family-year effect. Identification comes from the large number of sibling pairs observed in the same year. While prior literature has focused on specific shocks, such as job loss, I capture the full set of innovations that are shared across siblings in a given year. The distributions of fixed effects reveal that annual family innovations, relative to what was expected based on the previous year, are more important than teacher assignment for student achievement and also play a substantial role in the time students spend on homework, free reading, and television.

JEL Classification
I21, J13, J24
Supporting the building design process with graph-based methods using centrally coordinated federated databases
Authors: Roith Johannes , Langenhan Christoph , Petzold Frank 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundTechnological developments and globalized working processes have transformed the building process. However, current digital semantic building models no longer adequately represent the increasing complexity of modern building projects. The potential of combining agent-based and graph-based methods, for example for energy calculations or spatial research strategies, is not fully exploited.MethodsIn our system, users search for building floorplans, for example as sources of inspiration, by creating conceptual hand-drawn sketches of building parts on multi-touch devices. The sketch is analyzed and used to query a federated database system comprising a building information model server, the graph database neo4j and the content management system mediaTUM. Users interact with client applications that show and continuously update a list of floorplans by sending queries to a central coordinator service. In the paper, we describe the coordinator that enables our databases to appear as a single smart information system to search for digital information about buildings and visualize their floorplans. The application case comprises search by drawing the initial design idea of a building to find similar floorplans e.g. as source of inspiration.ResultsOur federated database system is queried using semantic building floorplan fingerprints, which are formalized as graphs and encoded in a common schema, like our AGraphML, to represent spatial configurations and perform graph matching. As graph matching is computationally expensive, the coordinator needs to analyze the queries, separate different fingerprints and metadata and pass it to specialized agents, implemented as microservices, for processing. The returned result sets are combined and the results are visualized. The use of multiple agents facilitates the recombination of the data from the underlying disparate data sources and also serves to support different execution strategies which are chosen using properties of the query and a set of predefined rules.ConclusionsTo deal with complex and dynamic queries, as well as dynamic results that are updated while some agents are still executing, a caching framework was developed which takes the similarity measures of the graph-based building representation into account when determining query equality.
Rescue of ATXN3 neuronal toxicity in C. elegans by chemical modification of ER stress
Authors: Fardghassemi Yasmin , Tauffenberger Arnaud , Gosselin Sarah , Parker J. Alex 
Published: October 2017

Background: Polyglutamine expansion diseases are a group of hereditary neurodegenerative disorders that develop when a CAG repeat in the causative genes are unstably expanded above a certain threshold. The expansion of trinucleotide CAG repeats cause hereditary adult-onset neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington's disease, dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy, spinobulbar muscular atrophy and multiple forms of spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA). The most common dominantly inherited spinocerebellar ataxia is the type 3 (SCA3) also known as Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), is an autosomal dominant, progressive neurological disorder. The gene causatively associated with MJD is ATXN3. Recent studies have shown that this gene modulates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.
Results: We generated transgenic C. elegans strains expressing human ATXN3 genes in motor neurons, and animals expressing mutant ATXN3-CAG89 alleles showed decreased lifespan, impaired movement, and rates of neurodegeneration greater than wild type ATXN3-CAG10 controls. We tested three neuroprotective compounds (methylene blue, guanabenz and salubrinal) believed to modulate ER stress and observed that these molecules rescued ATXN3-CAG89 phenotypes. Furthermore, these compounds required specific branches of ER unfolded protein response (UPRER), reduced global ER and oxidative stress, as well as polyglutamine aggregation.
Conclusions: We introduce novel C. elegans models for MJD based on the expression of full-length ATXN3 in a limited number of neurons. Using these models, we discovered that chemical modulation of the UPRER reduced neurodegeneration and warrants investigation in mammalian models of MJD.
KIF13A mediates trafficking of influenza A virus ribonucleoproteins
Authors: Ramos-Nascimento Ana , Kellen Bárbara , Ferreira Filipe , Alenquer Marta , Vale-Costa Sílvia , Raposo Graça , Delevoye Cédric , Amorim Maria João 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
Influenza A is a rapidly evolving virus that is successful in provoking periodic epidemics and occasional pandemics in humans. Viral assembly is complex as the virus incorporates an eight-partite genome of RNA (in the form of viral ribonucleoproteins, vRNPs), and viral genome assembly − with its implications to public health − is not completely understood. It has previously been reported that vRNPs are transported to the cell surface on Rab11-containing vesicles by using microtubules but, so far, no molecular motor has been assigned to the process. Here, we have identified KIF13A, a member of the kinesin-3 family, as the first molecular motor to efficiently transport vRNP-Rab11 vesicles during infection with influenza A. Depletion of KIF13A resulted in reduced viral titers and less accumulation of vRNPs at the cell surface, without interfering with the levels of other viral proteins at sites of viral assembly. In addition, when overexpressed and following two separate approaches to displace vRNP-Rab11 vesicles, KIF13A increased levels of vRNP at the plasma membrane. Together, our results show that KIF13A plays an important role in the transport of influenza A vRNPs, a crucial step for viral assembly.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Identification of predictive cytokine biomarkers of scleroderma via local causal neighborhood methods
Authors: Shojaee Bakhtiari Ali , S. Bogatkevich Galina , Alekseyenko Alexander V. 
Published: October 2017

Background: Scleroderma is an autoimmune disease with established relationship between immune cytokines and prognosis. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and investigate the causal relationship between cytokines and scleroderma diagnosis and to use this information to identify predictive biomarkers of scleroderma status. Methods: Forty scleroderma positive patients and twenty-four healthy controls have been included in this study. Twenty-nine cytokines implicated in scleroderma have been measured in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of these patients, and eight have been found to be univariately associated with scleroderma status. Results: Using local causal neighborhood learning methods, we have found two cytokines, Osteoprotegerin (OPG), also known as osteoclast genesis inhibitory factor, or tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 delta, to be causally related to the scleroderma status. Logistic regression predictor based on these cytokines achieves 73% AUC for the task of identifying the scleroderma status. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the feasibility of developing predictive local causal neighborhood biomarkers of scleroderma status based on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.