bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acupuncture Has a Positive Effect on Asthmatic Rats in a Glucocorticoid-Independent Manner
Authors: Wang Wen-Qian , Xu Yu-Dong , Cui Long-Ping , Yin Lei-Miao , Wang Yu , Liu Yan-Yan , Yang Yong-Qing 
Published: January 2016

Background There is some evidence to support the use of acupuncture as an alternative therapy for asthma. However, the mechanisms underlying its effects are not fully understood. We have reported previously that acupuncture has beneficial effects on asthma without changing the concentration of serum cortisol, although endogenous glucocorticoid (GC) plays an important role in regulating immune responses. Objective In this study, bilateral adrenalectomy (removal of both adrenal glands) was performed in rats before asthma model induction to investigate whether acupuncture influences asthma in a GC-dependent manner. Methods Adrenal-intact and adrenalectomised rats were injected with ovalbumin to induce asthma and then left untreated or treated with manual acupuncture (MA) at GV14, bilateral BL12 and bilateral BL13, or manual restraint without MA. Healthy and sham-adrenalectomised control groups were also included. Pulmonary resistance (RL), serum concentrations of corticosterone, and eosinophil counts were measured at the end of the experimental course. Sera from adrenal-intact and adrenalectomised asthmatic rats treated with acupuncture were injected into untreated adrenal-intact and adrenalectomised asthmatic rats to investigate further the potential role of GC in the effect of acupuncture. Results Acupuncture significantly decreased RL and eosinophil count in both adrenal-intact and adrenalectomised asthmatic rats. Moreover, administration of sera derived from acupuncture-treated adrenal-intact and adrenalectomised asthmatic rats attenuated the increase in RL and eosinophil count in both asthmatic models. Conclusions Results of this study suggest that endogenous GC is not a key contributor to the effects of acupuncture on asthma, and that acupuncture may have potentially therapeutic effects on asthma in a GC-independent manner.
Moral distress within neonatal and paediatric intensive care units: a systematic review
Authors: Prentice Trisha , Janvier Annie , Gillam Lynn , Davis Peter G 
Published: January 2016

ObjectiveTo review the literature on moral distress experienced by nursing and medical professionals within neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and paediatric intensive care units (PICUs).DesignPubmed, EBSCO (Academic Search Complete, CINAHL and Medline) and Scopus were searched using the terms neonat*, infant*, pediatric*, prematur* or preterm AND (moral distress OR moral responsibility OR moral dilemma OR conscience OR ethical confrontation) AND intensive care.Results13 studies on moral distress published between January 1985 and March 2015 met our inclusion criteria. Fewer than half of those studies (6) were multidisciplinary, with a predominance of nursing staff responses across all studies. The most common themes identified were overly ‘burdensome’ and disproportionate use of technology perceived not to be in a patient's best interest, and powerlessness to act. Concepts of moral distress are expressed differently within nursing and medical literature. In nursing literature, nurses are often portrayed as victims, with physicians seen as the perpetrators instigating ‘aggressive care’. Within medical literature moral distress is described in terms of dilemmas or ethical confrontations.ConclusionsMoral distress affects the care of patients in the NICU and PICU. Empirical data on multidisciplinary populations remain sparse, with inconsistent definitions and predominantly small sample sizes limiting generalisability of studies. Longitudinal data reflecting the views of all stakeholders, including parents, are required.
Diagnostic accuracy of shear wave elastography for prediction of breast malignancy in patients with pathological nipple discharge
Authors: Guo Xiaobo , Liu Ying , Li Wanhu 
Published: January 2016

ObjectivesPathological nipple discharge (PND) may indicate malignant breast lesions. As the role of shear wave elastography (SWE) in predicting these malignant lesions has not yet been evaluated, we aim to evaluate the diagnostic value of SWE for this condition.DesignProspective diagnostic accuracy study comparing a combination of qualitative and quantitative measurements of SWE (index test) to a ductoscopy and microdochectomy for histological diagnosis (reference test).SettingFuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing military command.ParticipantsA total of 379 patients with PND were finally included from January, 2011 to March 2014, after we screened 1084 possible candidates. All participants were evaluated through SWE, with qualitative parameters generated by Virtual Touch tissue imaging (VTI) and quantitative parameters generated by Virtual Touch tissue quantification (VTQ). All the patients were consented to receive a ductoscopy and microdochectomy for histological diagnosis, and the results were set as a reference test.Outcome measuresSensitivity and specificity of the combined VTI and VTQ of the SWE for detection of malignancy in patients with PND.ResultsThe 379 participants presented with 404 lesions. The results of pathological examination showed that 326 (80.7%) of the 404 lesions were benign and the other 78 (19.3%) were malignant. An area under the curve of elasticity score, VTQm and VTQc, were 0.872, 0.825 and 0.857, respectively, with the corresponding cut-off point as 2.50, 2.860 m/s and 3.015 m/s, respectively. After a combination of these measurements, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV), were 89.7%, 72.1%, 43.5% and 96.7%, respectively. The sensitivity analysis showed 82% of the sensitivity and 96.8% of the specificity, in which patients with no pathological findings in ductoscopy were excluded.ConclusionsUltrasonographic elastography is sensitive for patients with PND and could be used as a triage test before ductoscopy examination. Studies for further improvement of diagnostic sensitivity are warranted.
Maternal death audit in Rwanda 2009–2013: a nationwide facility-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sayinzoga Felix , Bijlmakers Leon , van Dillen Jeroen , Mivumbi Victor , Ngabo Fidèle , van der Velden Koos 
Published: January 2016

ObjectivePresenting the results of 5 years of implementing health facility-based maternal death audits in Rwanda, showing maternal death classification, identification of substandard (care) factors that have contributed to death, and conclusive recommendations for quality improvements in maternal and obstetric care.DesignNationwide facility-based retrospective cohort study.SettingsAll cases of maternal death audited by district hospital-based audit teams between January 2009 and December 2013 were reviewed. Maternal deaths that were not subjected to a local audit are not part of the cohort.Population987 audited cases of maternal death.Main outcome measuresCharacteristics of deceased women, timing of onset of complications, place of death, parity, gravida, antenatal clinic attendance, reported cause of death, service factors and individual factors identified by committees as having contributed to death, and recommendations made by audit teams.Results987 cases were audited, representing 93.1% of all maternal deaths reported through the national health management information system over the 5-year period. Almost 3 quarters of the deaths (71.6%) occurred at district hospitals. In 44.9% of these cases, death occurred in the post-partum period. Seventy per cent were due to direct causes, with post-partum haemorrhage as the leading cause (22.7%), followed by obstructed labour (12.3%). Indirect causes accounted for 25.7% of maternal deaths, with malaria as the leading cause (7.5%). Health system failures were identified as the main responsible factor for the majority of cases (61.0%); in 30.3% of the cases, the main factor was patient or community related.ConclusionsThe facility-based maternal death audit approach has helped hospital teams to identify direct and indirect causes of death, and their contributing factors, and to make recommendations for actions that would reduce the risk of reoccurrence. Rwanda can complement maternal death audits with other strategies, in particular confidential enquiries and near-miss audits, so as to inform corrective measures.
САНІТАРНО-ОСВІТНЯ ГРАМОТНІСТЬ ЛЮДЕЙ – ОДИН ІЗ ВАЖЛИВИХ ЧИННИКІВ ЗНИЖЕННЯ РОЗПОВСЮДЖЕННЯ МУЛЬТИРЕЗИСТЕНТНОГО ТУБЕРКУЛЬОЗУ
Authors: Kornaha S. I. , Pyatnochka I. T. , Tkhoryk N. V. 
Published: January 2016

<p><em>За останні п’ять років (2010-2014 рр.) значно почастішали мультирезистентний туберкульоз серед вперше діагностованих хворих та рецидиви. Мультирезистентність відповідно зросла з 6,1 до 16,7 % і з 23,8 до 44,2 %. Констатовано низьку санітарно-освітню грамотність хворих на мультирезистентний туберкульоз легень, які перебували на стаціонарному лікуванні не менше 2 місяців. Результати анкетування показали слабку обізнаність більшості пацієнтів з основних питань туберкульозу, лише 38,8 % респондентів відповіли правильно на запитання. Найнижчу поінформованість відмічено у хворих сільської місцевості та чоловічої статі, відповідно 49,4 і 47,7 %.</em></p><p><strong><em>Ключові слова:</em></strong><em> туберкульоз легень, мультирезистентність, санітарно-освітня робота.</em></p>
КЛІНІЧНИЙ ВИПАДОК ВДАЛОГО ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ТЕНОФОВІРУ У ХВОРОГО НА ХРОНІЧНУ HDV-ІНФЕКЦІЮ З ВИРАЖЕНИМ ФІБРОЗОМ
Authors: Kohutych A. I. 
Published: January 2016

<p><em>Хронічна </em><em>HDV-інфекція виникає найтяж</em><em>чі форми гепатиту з швидким формуванням цирозу печінки та розвитком печінкової недостатності, а ефективні методи лікування перебувають на початковій стадії вивчення. Можливості проведення противірусної терапії значно обмежені при наявності протипоказань, особливо, при вираженому фіброзі печінки. Наводиться приклад ефективного застосування тенофовіру у хворої на хронічну </em><em>HDV-інфекцію з фіброзом </em><em>F</em><em>4. </em></p><p><strong><em>Ключові слова:</em></strong><em> хронічний гепатит </em><em>D, лікування, тенофовір.</em><em></em></p>
Динамка показників ліпідної пероксидації та антиоксидантного захисту тканини печінки в ранній період після нанесення політравми у тварин з хронічним гепатитом
Authors: Blyzniuk R. V. 
Published: January 2016

<p>Резюме. В умовах політравми в ранній період травматичної хвороби спостерігається інтенсифікація ліпідної пероксидації, яка проявляється збільшенням вмісту у тканині печінки ТБК-активних продуктів ПОЛ, порівняно із контрольною групою На тлі супутнього хронічного гепатиту і політравми показник істотно більший, ніж у групі тварин без хронічного гепатиту через 1 і 7 діб після нанесення травми, проте амплітуда його відхилень є меншою, порівняно із тваринами без хронічного гепатиту. В умовах політравми у тканині печінки настає істотне збільшення активності СОД, зниження каталази та величини АПІ, які досягають максимальних порушень через 3 доби і згодом змінюються в бік норми, проте її не досягають. На тлі супутнього хронічного гепатиту і політравми вони змінюються аналогічно за вектором, проте з меншою амплітудою. Їх максимальне порушення настає через 1–3 доби й залишається на такому ж рівні до 7 доби.</p><p>Ключові слова: політравма, хронічний гепатит, печінка, ліпідна пероксидація, антиоксидантний захист </p>
ФІЗІОТЕРАПЕВТИЧНА КОРЕКЦІЯ М'ЯЗоВОЇ ДИСФУНКЦІЇ У ХВОРИХ НА ОСТЕОАРТРОЗ
Authors: Bakalyuk T. G. 
Published: January 2016

<p>У статті вивчено ефективність реабілітаційного лікування у хворих на остеоартроз колінних суглобів із включенням у лікувальний комплекс інтерференцтерапії та постізометричної релаксації для міокорекції та усунення патобіомеханічніх змін суглоба. </p>
Фармакоекономічна оцінка альтернативних методів лікування виразкової хвороби шлунка
Authors: Dzubanovskyi І. Ya. , Viytovych L. Ye. , Tryhubchak O. V. 
Published: January 2016

<p>У роботі проведено порівняльну оцінку резекційних та органозберігаючих операційних втручань, а також консервативного лікування виразкової хвороби шлунка фармакоекономічним методом “витрати–корисність”. Загострено увагу на наявності даної патології в більшості осіб працездатного віку від 20 до 59 років у 49 % випадків, що вказує на соціальне значення даної проблеми. Дані результати анкетного опитування хворих на виразкову хворобу шлунка, спрямованого на оцінку якості життя пацієнтів, пов’язаної зі станом здоров’я. Розраховано витрати на кожен із методів лікування. Враховано кількість медперсоналу, задіяного в операції залежно від виду операції, оплату його праці, витратні матеріали при виконанні операцій, середні витрати на перев’язки у післяопераційному періоді, середню вартість післяопераційного медикаментозного забезпечення, витрати на лікарські препарати, які входять до схеми послідовної терапії виразкової хвороби. Враховано частоту загострень виразкової хвороби шлунка та можливість виникнення післяопераційних ускладнень. Виражено корисність у кількісному значенні показника QALY, враховуючи тривалість подовженого життя хворих після досліджуваних методів лікування та якість їхнього життя. Обґрунтовано переваги органощадних операційних втручань з фармакоекономічної точки зору.</p>
Sudden Cardiac Arrest and Rare Genetic Variants in the Community
Authors: Milano Annalisa , Blom Marieke T. , Lodder Elisabeth M. , van Hoeijen Daniel A. , Barc Julien , Koopmann Tamara T. , Bardai Abdennasser , Beekman Leander , Lichtner Peter , van den Berg Maarten P. , Wilde Arthur A.M. , Bezzina Connie R. , Tan Hanno L. 
Published: January 2016

Background—
Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) ranks among the most common causes of death worldwide. Because SCA is most often lethal, yet mostly occurs in individuals without previously known cardiac disease, the identification of patients at risk for SCA could save many lives. In unselected SCA victims from the community, common genetic variants (which are not disease-causing per se, but may increase susceptibility to ventricular fibrillation) are found to be associated with increased SCA risk. However, whether rare genetic variants contribute to SCA risk in the community is largely unexplored.

Methods and Results—

We here investigated the involvement of rare genetic variants in SCA risk at the population level by studying the prevalence of 6 founder genetic variants present in the Dutch population (PLN-p.Arg14del, MYBPC3-p.Trp792fsX17, MYBPC3-p.Arg943X, MYBPC3-p.Pro955fsX95, PKP2-p.Arg79X, and the Chr7q36 idiopathic ventricular fibrillation risk haplotype) in a cohort of 1440 unselected Dutch SCA victims included in the Amsterdam Resuscitation Study (ARREST). The six studied founder mutations were found to be more prevalent (1.1%) in the ARREST SCA cohort compared with an ethnically and geographically matched set of controls (0.4%, n=1379;
P
<0.05) or a set of Dutch individuals drawn from the Genome of the Netherlands (GoNL) study (0%, n=500;
P
<0.02).

Conclusions—
This finding provides proof-of-concept for the notion that rare genetic variants contribute to some extent to SCA risk in the community.
Role of Coronary Artery Calcium Score of Zero and Other Negative Risk Markers for Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Blaha Michael J. , Cainzos-Achirica Miguel , Greenland Philip , McEvoy John W. , Blankstein Ron , Budoff Matthew J. , Dardari Zeina , Sibley Christopher T. , Burke Gregory L. , Kronmal Richard A. , Szklo Moyses , Blumenthal Roger S. , Nasir Khurram 
Published: January 2016

Background—
Limited attention has been paid to negative cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk markers despite their potential to improve medical decision making. We compared 13 negative risk markers using diagnostic likelihood ratios (DLRs), which model the change in risk for an individual after the result of an additional test.

Methods and Results—
We examined 6814 participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Coronary artery calcium score of 0, carotid intima-media thickness <25th percentile, absence of carotid plaque, brachial flow-mediated dilation >5% change, ankle-brachial index >0.9 and <1.3, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein <2 mg/L, homocysteine <10 µmol/L, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide <100 pg/mL, no microalbuminuria, no family history of coronary heart disease (any/premature), absence of metabolic syndrome, and healthy lifestyle were compared for all and hard coronary heart disease and all CVD events over the 10-year follow-up. Models were adjusted for traditional CVD risk factors. Among all negative risk markers, coronary artery calcium score of 0 was the strongest, with an adjusted mean DLR of 0.41 (SD, 0.12) for all coronary heart disease and 0.54 (SD, 0.12) for CVD, followed by carotid intima-media thickness <25th percentile (DLR, 0.65 [SD, 0.04] and 0.75 [SD, 0.04], respectively). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein <2 mg/L and normal ankle-brachial index had DLRs >0.80. Among clinical features, absence of any family history of coronary heart disease was the strongest (DLRs, 0.76 [SD, 0.07] and 0.81 [SD, 0.06], respectively). Net reclassification improvement analyses yielded similar findings, with coronary artery calcium score of 0 resulting in the largest, most accurate downward risk reclassification.

Conclusions—
Negative results of atherosclerosis-imaging tests, particularly coronary artery calcium score of 0, resulted in the greatest downward shift in estimated CVD risk. These results may help guide discussions on the identification of individuals less likely to receive net benefit from lifelong preventive pharmacotherapy.
Isoproterenol Promotes Rapid Ryanodine Receptor Movement to Bridging Integrator 1 (BIN1)–Organized Dyads
Authors: Fu Ying , Shaw Seiji A. , Naami Robert , Vuong Caresse L. , Basheer Wassim A. , Guo Xiuqing , Hong TingTing 
Published: January 2016

Background—

The key pathophysiology of human acquired heart failure is impaired calcium transient, which is initiated at dyads consisting of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) at sarcoplasmic reticulum apposing Ca
V
1.2 channels at t-tubules. Sympathetic tone regulates myocardial calcium transients through β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR)–mediated phosphorylation of dyadic proteins. Phosphorylated RyRs (P-RyR) have increased calcium sensitivity and open probability, amplifying calcium transient at a cost of receptor instability. Given that bridging integrator 1 (BIN1) organizes t-tubule microfolds and facilitates Ca
V
1.2 delivery, we explored whether β-AR–regulated RyRs are also affected by BIN1.

Methods and Results—

Isolated adult mouse hearts or cardiomyocytes were perfused for 5 minutes with the β-AR agonist isoproterenol (1 µmol/L) or the blockers CGP+ICI (baseline). Using biochemistry and superresolution fluorescent imaging, we identified that BIN1 clusters P-RyR and Ca
V
1.2. Acute β-AR activation increases coimmunoprecipitation between P-RyR and cardiac spliced BIN1+13+17 (with exons 13 and 17). Isoproterenol redistributes BIN1 to t-tubules, recruiting P-RyRs and improving the calcium transient. In cardiac-specific
Bin1
heterozygote mice, isoproterenol fails to concentrate BIN1 to t-tubules, impairing P-RyR recruitment. The resultant accumulation of uncoupled P-RyRs increases the incidence of spontaneous calcium release. In human hearts with end-stage ischemic cardiomyopathy, we find that BIN1 is also 50% reduced, with diminished P-RyR association with BIN1.

Conclusions—
On β-AR activation, reorganization of BIN1-induced microdomains recruits P-RyR into dyads, increasing the calcium transient while preserving electric stability. When BIN1 is reduced as in human acquired heart failure, acute stress impairs microdomain formation, limiting contractility and promoting arrhythmias.
Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Young-Onset Stroke Identifies a Locus on Chromosome 10q25 Near
HABP2
Authors: Cheng Yu-Ching , Stanne Tara M. , Giese Anne-Katrin , Ho Weang Kee , Traylor Matthew , Amouyel Philippe , Holliday Elizabeth G. , Malik Rainer , Xu Huichun , Kittner Steven J. , Cole John W. , O’Connell Jeffrey R. , Danesh John , Rasheed Asif , Zhao Wei , Engelter Stefan , Grond-Ginsbach Caspar , Kamatani Yoichiro , Lathrop Mark , Leys Didier , Thijs Vincent , Metso Tiina M. , Tatlisumak Turgut , Pezzini Alessandro , Parati Eugenio A. , Norrving Bo , Bevan Steve , Rothwell Peter M. , Sudlow Cathie , Slowik Agnieszka , Lindgren Arne , Walters Matthew R. ,   WTCCC-2 Consortium, Jannes Jim , Shen Jess , Crosslin David , Doheny Kimberly , Laurie Cathy C. , Kanse Sandip M. , Bis Joshua C. , Fornage Myriam , Mosley Thomas H. , Hopewell Jemma C. , Strauch Konstantin , Müller-Nurasyid Martina , Gieger Christian , Waldenberger Melanie , Peters Annette , Meisinger Christine , Ikram M. Arfan , Longstreth W.T. , Meschia James F. , Seshadri Sudha , Sharma Pankaj , Worrall Bradford , Jern Christina , Levi Christopher , Dichgans Martin , Boncoraglio Giorgio B. , Markus Hugh S. , Debette Stephanie , Rolfs Arndt , Saleheen Danish , Mitchell Braxton D. 
Published: January 2016

Background and Purpose—
Although a genetic contribution to ischemic stroke is well recognized, only a handful of stroke loci have been identified by large-scale genetic association studies to date. Hypothesizing that genetic effects might be stronger for early- versus late-onset stroke, we conducted a 2-stage meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies, focusing on stroke cases with an age of onset <60 years.

Methods—

The discovery stage of our genome-wide association studies included 4505 cases and 21 968 controls of European, South-Asian, and African ancestry, drawn from 6 studies. In Stage 2, we selected the lead genetic variants at loci with association
P
<5×10
−6
and performed in silico association analyses in an independent sample of ≤1003 cases and 7745 controls.

Results—

One stroke susceptibility locus at 10q25 reached genome-wide significance in the combined analysis of all samples from the discovery and follow-up stages (rs11196288; odds ratio =1.41;
P
=9.5×10
−9
). The associated locus is in an intergenic region between
TCF7L2
and
HABP2
. In a further analysis in an independent sample, we found that 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms in high linkage disequilibrium with rs11196288 were significantly associated with total plasma factor VII–activating protease levels, a product of
HABP2
.

Conclusions—

HABP2
, which encodes an extracellular serine protease involved in coagulation, fibrinolysis, and inflammatory pathways, may be a genetic susceptibility locus for early-onset stroke.