bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case report. Role of the Methylene Tetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) Gene Mutation in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jakó Beáta , Sinkó János 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This is a case report of a 36-year-old male who was diagnosed with acute inferior and right ventricular myocardial infarction and treated with percutaneous coronary angioplasty with a drug-eluting stent in the right coronary artery. A profile test for thrombophilia was performed for methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene mutation; the test was positive for a heterozygous mutation - C677C and 1298A. The patient received a long-term treatment with folic acid supplements, taken daily. This case report shows that medical doctors should have an outside-the-box approach for the diagnosis and therapeutic management of young patients who present with acute cardiovascular events. If the patient in question does not present clear cardiovascular risk factors for acute myocardial ischemia, the clinician should seek for possible causes, thus leading to several benefits in the management and secondary prevention of such cases.
The Civil Air Patrol: The Struggle for Identity and Relevance
Authors: Rooks John Thomas , Richardson Tracey M. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This paper’s purpose is to explore the Civil Air Patrol’s (CAP) historical function of emergency management and compare it to modern-day positioning. CAP’s identity is evaluated to determine how it aligns with the current mission and public perception. The mission’s relevance is examined considering modern technology that now provides simpler alternatives. A proposed action plan describing repositioning of the CAP mission, areas of opportunity, and the resulting financial implications are included.
Simulation-Based Analysis of Intelligent Maintenance Systems and Spare Parts Supply Chains Integration
Authors: Frazzon Enzo M. , Holtz Tulio H. , Silva Lucas S. , Pires Matheus C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractProduction systems are composed of increasingly complex components with unique specifications. Therefore, since holding safety stocks of each component would be prohibitive, maintenance activities rely on the proper delivery of spare parts, making it available at the right time and place. Equipments monitored by sensors as well as the transmission of sensors data to the spare part supply chain represent an interesting venue for dealing with this contemporaneous industrial challenge. In this direction, this paper applies a simulation model derived from a real world scenario to analyze the performance of the collaboration between condition-based maintenance – also known as intelligent maintenance systems – and spare parts supply chains, in comparison with existing maintenance approaches. Obtained results substantiate the potential of monitoring, treating and transmitting equipment condition data to ensure cost-effective maintenance and production systems availability.
The Immediate Effect of Pragmatic Plausibility in Reanalysis: Evidence from Event-related Brain Potentials
Authors: Oishi Hiroaki 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Previous studies on reanalysis in sentence processing have shown that the processing load of reanalysis increases in proportion to the difficulty in revising the existing structure. The present study, on the other hand, argues that the processing load of reanalysis also increases when the pragmatic plausibility of the interpretation of the revised structure turns out to be pragmatically less plausible. This paper reports the results of two experiments: The results of Experiment 1 (a self-paced reading study) indicate that the pragmatically less plausible interpretation of the revised structure immediately affects the processing load of the reanalysis. Experiment 2 further addresses the issue of the immediate impact of the effect of the pragmatic plausibility by recording event-related brain potentials (ERPs). The results revealed that a large N400 effect was observed at the pragmatically less plausible words, while the response to the effect of the structural revision resulted in a P600 effect. Furthermore, we found the nearly perfect linear summation between the N400 and P600 effects, suggesting that the difficulty in the pragmatic integration process did not affect the difficulty in the structural revision process. In addition, we found that the onset of the P600 effect reflecting the cost of revising the existing structure was relatively earlier than that of the N400 effect reflecting the pragmatic implausibility. The present study provides us with some implications for a theory of reanalysis and consideration of the time course of reanalysis.
The specificity and the constraints on NP-external placement of quantity expressions in Japanese
Authors: Minagawa Harumi 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
It is generally agreed that, in Japanese, NP-external placement of quantity expressions (often referred to as ‘quantifier float’) can occur with noun phrases in the nominative and accusative cases and sometimes with ni-marked cases, and most of the accounts have been syntactically based. Interpreting approximate quantity as one of the indicators of a low degree of specificity (less commitment on the part of the speaker to refer to particular entities), this study examines these statements in a wider context of a correlation between a low degree of specificity and the permissibility of NP-external constructions occurring with noun phrases marked by ni and even other oblique cases. The study supports the validity of the hypothesis by examples found in a CD corpus and on the Internet and by the result of a large scale native speaker grammaticality test, suggesting that perception of grammaticality is sensitive to semantic factors such as the degree of specificity.
On the status of nai in modern Japanese
Authors: Backhouse Anthony E. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
One of the commonest words in Japanese, nai has received varying theoretical treatments from linguists, with differing practical consequences. The paper seeks to provide a clear synchronic descriptive account, identifying the issues concerned and considering different positions in the light of relevant criteria. Topics addressed include the incidence of suppletion in Japanese, the weighting of morphological and syntactic criteria in word class assignment, gradience of membership, and the question of diachronic influences on current analyses.
A sonority-based approach to Sino-Japanese compounds
Authors: Kadono Jiro 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This article proposes a sonority-based approach to Sino-Japanese morphophonemic alternations. An earlier OT analysis by Kurisu (2000) sees Sino-Japanese obstruent gemination as the result of minimization of the number of syllables induced by a gradient alignment constraint. However, gradient evaluation of constraints runs counter to McCarthy’s (2003) argument that OT constraints are categorically evaluated. The goal of this article is to resolve this problem by developing a unified OT analysis of obstruent gemination and syllabification of stem-final nasals as codas with reference to onset sonority distinctions. Less sonorous segments have a stronger preference to syllabify as onsets than do more sonorous segments. This preference relationship between segment classes and syllabification has been formalized as the Onset Sonority Hierarchy (Prince & Smolensky 1993; Baertsch 2002; Smith 2003; Moreton et al 2006; etc). By taking the position that local conjunction of onset sonority and peak constraints plays the central role in creating the observed syllabification pattern through interaction with faithfulness and other markedness constraints, this analysis also makes it possible to view the segmental restrictions on the onsets of the second syllables of Sino-Japanese stems as a concomitant onset sonority effect.
Deictic and anaphoric uses of the Japanese demonstratives ko-so-a
Authors: Hasegawa Yoko 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This paper analyzes the ko-so-a demonstratives in Japanese as they occur in experimentally-obtained soliloquy data. In soliloquy, the Japanese deixis system consists of a two-way opposition, viz. ko- vs. a-. So- appears only as an anaphor; its antecedent can be either familiar or unfamiliar to the speaker, contrary to Kuno’s (1973) analysis. It is also argued that ko- and a- are always deictic in soliloquy. Adopting Chafe’s (1994) theory of consciousness, it is hypothesized that (i) a- is used when the referent is in the speaker’s peripheral consciousness, and (ii) ko- is used to refer to an entity if it is already focused at the moment of speech. Finally, it is demonstrated that so- and a- exhibit the attributive-referential distinction, which is proposed by Donnellan (1966).
Pronominal interpretations in L2 Japanese
Authors: Pimentel Carlos L. , Nakayama Mineharu 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This paper investigates L2 learners’ interpretations of Japanese overt and empty pronouns by utilizing a truth value judgment task. The results show evidence contrary to Kanno’s (1997, 1998) claims that JFL learners have knowledge that Japanese overt pronouns cannot have quantifier antecedents from an early stage of learning. The results of the present study show evidence that JFL learners display knowledge of the coreferential readings of Japanese pronouns from an early stage of learning. However, this does not appear to be the case for the bound variable readings. In contrast, advanced learners show knowledge that overt pronouns cannot have bound variable readings. From these results we argue that: (1) it takes time to acquire the knowledge that overt pronouns cannot refer to quantifiers and (2) the JFL learners employed an L1 transfer strategy in the interpretation of Japanese overt pronouns.
Japanese compliment discourse: The process of collaborative construction
Authors: Satoh Kyoko 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Following on Pomerantz’s (1978) study, the speech act of compliment has been studied from various aspects. Past studies have been confined largely to examination of a single compliment and its response pair. However, actual compliment speech acts rarely end after one such exchange. Therefore, this paper observes the strategic development of compliment discourse: how compliment discourse, a series of exchanges that include compliments and their responses, develops, recesses, and moves into the next topic. In analyzing the extended speech act, rather than merely compliment response pairs, this research reveals the following developmental patterns: repetition of compliment and response, followed by frame shift to close the compliment discourse. The findings indicate that people collaboratively construct compliment discourse for the purpose of facework, i.e., avoidance of self-praise and agreement with others, and respecting evaluation of evaluation.
Sequential patterns of storytelling using omotte in Japanese conversation
Authors: Shimotani Maki , Endo Tomoko 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In the literature of Japanese linguistics, the verb omou ‘to think’ has been extensively studied in terms of epistemic modality and analyzed as an expression of the speaker’s opinion specifically at a sentential level. However, through examining the data of storytelling in everyday conversation, we found that this verb rarely occurs in the non-past predicate form omou. Instead, it occurs in a connective -te form, i.e., omotte. Unlike omou, uses of omotte in storytelling sequences rarely indicate the speaker’s opinion. Rather, it shows a quotation of his or her thought evoked during an event or in telling a story; it also plays a significant role in managing larger units of talk. This study, within the framework of interactional linguistics (e.g., Ochs, Schegloff, & Thompson, 1996), focuses on the form omotte and investigates how it is used as a linguistic resource to manage the organization of a story.
A corpus-based analysis of the paradigmatic development of semi-polite verbs in Chinese and Korean learners of Japanese
Authors: Horiuchi Hitoshi 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Using a longitudinal spoken learner corpus called C-JAS, this research examined the use of semi-polite forms of verbs, which are made up of plain forms of verbs followed by the polite form of copula desu, by learners of Japanese. Findings demonstrate that over a period of time, L2 learners develop not only individual semi-polite verbs but also their paradigms, which consist of affirmative non-past, affirmative past, negative non-past, and negative past. The study also compared the use of semi-polite verbs with that of standard polite forms of verbs and revealed their usage rates. Based on the results, I propose a hypothesis that L2 learners have a general tendency of preferring analytic operations to synthetic operations in order to develop their own grammar.
Language learners’ use of non-turn-final ne
Authors: Ganir Paul 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The present study examines how learners of Japanese as a second language employ the Japanese pragmatic particle ne in non-turn-final positions during their conversations. Data taken from class and club sessions totaling roughly 34 hours reveal that intermediate learners of Japanese studying in an American immersion language program use the particle in three main positions: turnfinal, turn-initial, and turn-internal. In particular, the turn-final and turn-initial uses were characterized by the use of formulaic sequences. Furthermore, the data indicate that the physical locations of language classrooms and club activities do not affect the position of the particle. These findings suggest that discourse structures and issues of (in)formality or intimacy influence learners’ variety of ne use. This study concludes with proposals to integrate these factors in theoretical and educational studies of Japanese language acquisition.
Comments on verb doubling construction in Japanese
Authors: Kawai Michiya 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The analysis offered in “Verb doubling construction in Japanese” is critically reviewed. The analysis yield verb doubling construction (VCD) by moving a verb-tense complex (VTC) in T to C, and phonetically realizing both the moved VTC in C and its copy in T. The analysis suffers from various shortcomings. Among them, it relies upon a problematic formulation of Doubly Filled Comp Filter, and the analysis incorrectly predicts the possibility of VDC in embedded contexts. The present study offers a brief outline of a plausible alternative of VDC that involves a phonetically null sentence-final particle (SFP) whose phonetic content is copied from the predicate at the phonetic interface.
Assessment of stress levels in girls with central precocious puberty before and during long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment: a pilot study
Authors: Menk Tais A.S. , Inácio Marlene , Macedo Delanie B. , Bessa Danielle S. , Latronico Ana C. , Mendonca Berenice B. , Brito Vinicius Nahime 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Background:
The objective of the study was to determine the stress levels of girls with central precocious puberty (CPP) before and during treatment with a long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa).

Methods:
The Child Stress Scale (CSS) was used for 10 unrelated girls with CPP before and after the first year of GnRHa treatment. The CSS is divided into four subscales (physical, psychological, psychological with depressive component and psychophysiological reactions). Through a quantitative analysis, it is possible to classify stress into four stages: alarm, resistance, near-exhaustion and exhaustion.

Results:
At diagnosis, 90% of the girls showed stress levels scores at the alarm or resistance stage on at least one subscale, mostly in terms of physical and psychological reactions. The mean total stress score was significantly higher before when compared to after GnRHa treatment (43.4±15.6 vs. 28.9±9.7; p<0.05). The mean stress scores obtained in all subscales, except the one on psychophysiological reactions, were significantly higher before GnRHa treatment.

Conclusions:
Higher stress levels were a common finding in girls with CPP before treatment. The significant stress level reduction after pubertal suppression reinforces the idea that sexual precocity is a stressful condition in children. The CSS might be a useful tool for psychological assessment of patients with CPP.
Oral administration of diluted nasal desmopressin in managing neonatal central diabetes insipidus
Authors: Mavinkurve Meenal , McGrath Niamh , Johnston Niall , Moloney Sinead , Murphy Nuala P. , Hawkes Colin P. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackground:Neonatal central diabetes insipidus (NCDI) remains a therapeutic challenge, as extremely low doses of enteral desmopressin cannot be titrated with current preparations. The aim of this study was to describe the use of orally administered dilute desmopressin in NCDI.Methods:Nasal desmopressin (100 μg/mL) was diluted in 0.9% saline to 10 μg/mL. Infants were treated with 1–5 μg and doses were titrated to a twice-daily regimen. The feed volume was 150 mL/kg/day and titrated according to weight gain.Results:Five infants aged 6–105 days were included. Stabilizing treatment doses ranged from 2 to 5 μg twice daily in neonates, and 12 μg twice daily in the older infant who was diagnosed at 105 days.Conclusions:Dilution of nasal desmopressin with saline facilitates safe administration and dose titration in NCDI. We recommend considering this therapeutic approach to NCDI, particularly in small infants or where alternative treatment regimens have been unsuccessful.
Hepar uterinum: a history of ideas on fetal nutrition
Authors: Obladen Michael 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The means of fetal nutrition has been debated for over two millennia, with the controversy of oral versus parenteral nutrition already in the Corpus Hippocraticum. In 1587 Aranzio rejected connections between maternal and fetal blood vessels, and coined the term “hepar uterinum” for the placenta. From the 16th to the 18th century, a fervent debate focused on the type and extent of connection between maternal and fetal vessels, which was finally settled by Hunter’s injection experiment in 1774. But up to the middle of the 19th century, an important nutritive function was attributed to amniotic fluid. When with the discovery of oxygen the placenta’s respiratory function became understood, its nutritional function fell from grace. Most scientists realized reluctantly that the organ had numerous functions. As late as in the 19th century, the advent of microscopy allowed cell theory to develop, and analytical chemistry furthered the understanding of the transport of nutrients across the placenta. The identification of the syncytiotrophoblast made passive diffusion unlikely. Radioisotopes, molecular biology and the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane revealed active transport mechanisms for nearly all macronutrients.
Five years’ experience in an anesthesiology antenatal clinic for high-risk patients
Authors: Shatalin Daniel , Gozal Yaacov , Grisaru-Granovsky Sorina , Ioscovich Alexander 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Introduction:
The aim, of this study is to describe our approach and outcomes in an outpatient anesthesia/analgesia antepartum clinic among ambulatory high-risk obstetric patients.

Methods:
This was a retrospective evaluation of the activity of the anesthesiology antenatal clinic from its inception in 2010 until 2016 (a 5-year period). The clinic works in collaboration with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. The catchment area of the study University Affiliated Hospital attends a multiethnic population characterized by high parity.

Results:
There were 241 referrals over the 5 years, each of whom was discharged with a consult and a delivery management plan and 228 (95%) of which were performed as planned. Mean gestational age at consultation was 34.4 weeks (range: 20–37). There were no preconceptional consultation. No limitations regarding mode of anesthesia/analgesia was considered for 47% of the referrals. Nulliparous women accounted for 50% of the referrals and 17% were in their second pregnancy. The greatest number of referrals (30%) was for musculoskeletal conditions. No maternal death encountered. The mode of delivery was vaginal in 139 (65%) women; elective cesarean section in 44 (21%) women; and emergent cesarean section in 30 (14%) women. The neonatal outcomes were unremarkable; 210 (87%) in hospital births, 97.1% had an a 5′ Apgar score of 9.

Conclusion:
Our findings reveal the need for high-risk obstetric patients consult with a dedicated obstetric anesthesiologist to devise a management plan for labor and delivery that is tailored to their comorbidity and obstetric status, to ensure an optimum outcome for mother and child.
On the discourse anaphoric properties of Spanish pre- and post-nominal demonstratives: A comparative analysis
Authors: Zulaica Hernández Iker 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper studies the referring properties of post-nominal demonstratives in Spanish with an aim to contributing to our present understanding of this marked construction. A corpus analysis is presented, where 600 cases of pre- and post-nominal demonstratives are analyzed based on their discourse anaphoric properties: direct vs. indirect anaphora. The data reveal that post-nominal demonstratives are significantly preferred in cases of indirect anaphora; that is, where no antecedent is linguistically realized in the discourse, and the reference of the demonstrative anaphor has to be inferred from the discourse or situational context. Pre-nominal demonstratives, on the other hand, show a more balanced picture sharing similar numbers in direct and indirect anaphora. However, the data also reveal that post-nominal demonstratives can be used in direct anaphoric uses, which poses a problem for a categorical distinction between pre- and post-nominal demonstratives at the referential level. Since variability appears to be the nature of the phenomenon, I propose a uniform presuppositional characterization for pre- and post-nominal demonstratives that is able to account for the observed referential flexibility.