bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abundant invariant solutions of extended (3+1)-dimensional KP–Boussinesq equation
Authors: Hu 胡 Hengchun 恒春 , Kang 康 Jiali 佳丽 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Lie group analysis method is applied to the extended (3+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev–Petviashvili–Boussinesq equation and the corresponding similarity reduction equations are obtained with various infinitesimal generators. By selecting suitable arbitrary functions in the similarity reduction solutions, we obtain abundant invariant solutions, including the trigonometric solution, the kink-lump interaction solution, the interaction solution between lump wave and triangular periodic wave, the two-kink solution, the lump solution, the interaction between a lump and two-kink and the periodic lump solution in different planes. These exact solutions are also given graphically to show the detailed structures of this high dimensional integrable system.
Technical survey of end-to-end signal processing in BCIs using invasive MEAs
Authors: Erbslöh Andreas , Buron Leo , Ur-Rehman Zia , Musall Simon , Hrycak Camilla , Löhler Philipp , Klaes Christian , Seidl Karsten , Schiele Gregor 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Modern brain-computer interfaces and neural implants allow interaction between the tissue, the user and the environment, where people suffer from neurodegenerative diseases or injuries.This interaction can be achieved by using penetrating/invasive microelectrodes for extracellular recordings and stimulation, such as Utah or Michigan arrays. The application-specific signal processing of the extracellular recording enables the detection of interactions and enables user interaction. For example, it allows to read out movement intentions from recordings of brain signals for controlling a prosthesis or an exoskeleton. To enable this, computationally complex algorithms are used in research that cannot be executed on-chip or on embedded systems. Therefore, an optimization of the end-to-end processing pipeline, from the signal condition on the electrode array over the analog pre-processing to spike-sorting and finally the neural decoding process, is necessary for hardware inference in order to enable a local signal processing in real-time and to enable a compact system for achieving a high comfort level. This paper presents a survey of system architectures and algorithms for end-to-end signal processing pipelines of neural activity on the hardware of such neural devices, including (i) on-chip signal pre-processing, (ii) spike-sorting on-chip or on embedded hardware and (iii) neural decoding on workstations. A particular focus for the hardware implementation is on low-power electronic design and artifact-robust algorithms with low computational effort and very short latency. For this, current challenges and possible solutions with support of novel machine learning techniques are presented in brief. In addition, we describe our future vision for next-generation BCIs.
Triple exposure: the geographic correlation between flood risk, climate skepticism, and social vulnerability in the United States
Authors: Gounaridis Dimitrios , Waweru Wanja , Newell Joshua P 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the geographic correlation between flood risk, climate skepticism, and social vulnerability across the United States. Our results reveal a systematic underestimation of flood risk in the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps, especially in Appalachia, parts of New England, and the Northwest. These three regions face two additional risks: high levels of social vulnerability and skepticism about climate change. Nationally, there is a statisically significant correlation (0.19, p < 0.005) between flood risk and climate change skepticism, which increases (0.28, p < 0.005) in regions with high FEMA undercounts and elevated flood risk. Climate change skepticism manifests as distrust in science, an underestimation of property and community risk, and a resistance to mitigation and adaptation efforts. Indicators of social vulnerability, such as poverty rates, physical disabilities, unemployment, households in mobile homes, and lack of vehicle access, are especially pronounced in Appalachia. Addressing this geographically-embedded triple exposure—flood risk, social vulnerability, climate change skepticism— requires strategies to enhance local resilience. These include revising the 100-year floodplain categorization in FEMA’s National Flood Insurance Program to better reflect climate change, conducting public education campaigns in vulnerable communities, and scaling-up financial assistance for flood mitigation and adaptation projects.
Theoretical advances in predicting the thermoelectric performance of materials
Authors: Jakhar Mukesh , Chauhan Poonam , Kumar Ashok , Pandey Ravindra 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Eco-friendly and high-performance thermoelectric materials have proven effective in converting heat energy into electricity. Theoretical methods for understanding the transport mechanisms of electrons and phonons play a vital role in predicting the overall thermoelectric performance of a given material. In this perspective, we review recent advances in theoretical methods for predicting electron and phonon transport properties in materials. In addition, we highlight the various methodologies adopted to estimate the electronic relaxation time and identify challenges and potential directions. The in-depth understanding obtained from these theoretical explorations will lead researchers to rely on computational methods to screen novel thermoelectric materials for economically viable performance.
Stories
Authors: Townend Matthew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores J. R. R. Tolkien’s instincts and activities as a story-teller. It suggests that one of Tolkien’s mainsprings of his creativity was the tension between story-telling and system-making, or narrative and world-building. The chapter examines each of Tolkien’s major creative endeavours in sequence: the ‘Silmarillion’, his Elvish mythology which he worked on for over 50 years and which resulted in many different literary forms and texts (all unpublished in his lifetime); The Hobbit, which took elements from fairy tale and medieval literature and created a new form of children’s fantasy for the twentieth century; and The Lord of the Rings, a giant and unparalleled work of story-telling and world-building which effectively invented a whole new genre of modern literature, now usually called fantasy.
Faërie
Authors: Townend Matthew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines J. R. R. Tolkien’s ideas regarding what he called ‘Faërie’. It reviews the main arguments of his essay, ‘On Fairy-Stories’, where he explored what fairy tales mean as a literary form and also presented the notion of Faërie as a more abstract quality of enchantment or healing. The chapter then examines Tolkien’s own changing conception of Elves in his stories, and explores the association made between Elves and England not only in Tolkien’s own works but also in other writings of the time. Finally, the chapter examines hobbits, the little people invented by Tolkien, and explains how hobbits at the same time can be seen as both residents of Faërie and also representations of a certain kind of Englishness.
Rifampin in device-related infections: Assessing the modern evidence
Authors: Durham Spencer H , Covington Elizabeth W , Roberts Megan Z , Chahine Elias B 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Rifampin is commonly used to treat device-related infections (DRIs) due to its activity against biofilms, despite a history of limited clinical evidence to support its use. Evidence published since 2011 regarding rifampin use for DRIs is reviewed to describe the contemporary findings and ongoing considerations for rifampin use in these infections.

Summary
A literature review was performed by searching PubMed and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies evaluating systemic rifampin use for the treatment of DRIs published from 2011 to 2023. References of identified studies were also screened for additional pertinent studies. Sixty-eight studies were identified, and 48 met the inclusion criteria. Rifampin efficacy was evaluated as both a primary outcome for cardiac device infections (n = 3) and prosthetic joint infections (n = 21) and as a nonprimary outcome (n = 24). Overall, the studies were primarily retrospective (n = 36) and small, with sample sizes ranging from 14 to 842 patients, and varied greatly with respect to prosthesis site, surgical intervention, pathogen, infection time frame, and antibiotic combination and duration. Efficacy outcome results varied greatly, with statistically significant evidence for the efficacy of rifampin combination in DRIs limited to a single study of prosthetic vascular graft infections and 13 studies of prosthetic joint infections.

Conclusion
The modern literature provides conflicting results regarding the benefit and lack of benefit with rifampin combination therapy in DRIs. Additional, robust research is imperative to solidify the ongoing role of rifampin in DRIs.
3t-seq: automatic gene expression analysis of single-copy genes, transposable elements, and tRNAs from RNA-seq data
Authors: Tabaro Francesco , Boulard Matthieu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
RNA sequencing is the gold-standard method to quantify transcriptomic changes between two conditions. The overwhelming majority of data analysis methods available are focused on polyadenylated RNA transcribed from single-copy genes and overlook transcripts from repeated sequences such as transposable elements (TEs). These self-autonomous genetic elements are increasingly studied, and specialized tools designed to handle multimapping sequencing reads are available. Transfer RNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase III and are essential for protein translation. There is a need for integrated software that is able to analyze multiple types of RNA. Here, we present 3t-seq, a Snakemake pipeline for integrated differential expression analysis of transcripts from single-copy genes, TEs, and tRNA. 3t-seq produces an accessible report and easy-to-use results for downstream analysis starting from raw sequencing data and performing quality control, genome mapping, gene expression quantification, and statistical testing. It implements three methods to quantify TEs expression and one for tRNA genes. It provides an easy-to-configure method to manage software dependencies that lets the user focus on results. 3t-seq is released under MIT license and is available at https://github.com/boulardlab/3t-seq
227 Analysing the success of RetoKids.org through user engagement
Authors: Brazo-Sayavera Javier , Garay Garazi Angulo , López-Gil José Francisco 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
In the digital age, engaging users in health-promoting activities through online platforms has become increasingly important. These platforms facilitate the easy sharing of accessible information, thereby mitigating the information gap regarding physical and sports activities for the young population. This project aimed to engage users in sharing their favourite activities on an online platform named RETO!

Project Description
The hybrid application, RETO!, accessible at retoKids.org, is a website dedicated to promoting physical and sports activities among children and adolescents. It aims to serve as a prime example of how digital platforms can effectively engage individuals interested in these activities. The initial step of development involved identifying online platforms that offer specific physical and sports activities for children and adolescents in Spain. Access to this information is primarily through generic search engines like Google, which presented numerous options, making it challenging to pinpoint activities tailored to this specific population. To develop the platform, consultation was sought from the Active Healthy Kids Spanish Network, which comprises scientists and practitioners from various fields related to paediatric health. Several members offered insights on the features of the activities to be added. Subsequently, a technology company was engaged to develop the hybrid app. Upon completion, the app was distributed among the Active Healthy Kids Spanish Network for further dissemination among their contacts. The platform has 54 registered users, who uploaded information about only 8 activities across 3 different Spanish cities. Launched in 2022, the platform has been promoted in various academic forums, with plans underway to extend its dissemination to other stakeholders, including primary and secondary school teachers, as well as parents.

Conclusions
The hybrid app RETO! has demonstrated limited success among the target population. It is imperative to explore and implement new dissemination strategies to enhance its effectiveness. This experience could be useful for new projects about online platforms in other countries trying to promote physical and sports activities among the young population.
201 Assessing medical students satisfaction with a physical activity and health course: results from the VANGUARD European Union Erasmus+ Project implementation in Portugal
Authors: Barbosa Ana , Barros Henrique , Mendes Romeu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The inclusion of physical activity into the undergraduate curricula of healthcare professionals is recommended by the World Health Organization and the European Commission as a key policy to promote health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA).
The VANGUARD project implementation in Portugal, led by the Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto (ISPUP), was supported by the European Union Erasmus+ Programme and had the goal of including physical activity in the academic curricula of healthcare professionals across European nations.
The purpose of this work was to assess the satisfaction of medical students regarding a Physical Activity and Health course implemented in a Portuguese Medical School.

Project description
Students enrolled in the second year (academic year 2022/2023) of the Integrated Master’s Degree in Medicine of the School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Porto (ICBAS), were invited to participate in a Physical Activity and Health course using a self-paced learning method. The course was designed by the ISPUP with the support of the Board of Directors of the Integrated Master in Medicine of ICBAS. It was available for six weeks on an online training platform. The course comprised a total of 26 thematic sessions, continuous evaluation and a final case study. After the course completion, students rated their satisfaction with several features of the course on a 5-point Likert scale (1: very dissatisfied; 5: very satisfied).
Out of the 185 students registered, 46 expressed the desire to participate, 34 joined the course, and 27 successfully completed it. More than half of students were satisfied or very satisfied, respectively, with: online training platform (55.6% and 33.3%); self-paced learning method (33.3%, 51.9%); sessions’ content quality (51.9%, 37.0%); continuous evaluation (48.1%, 29.6%); and the final case study (55.6%, 18.5%). Globally, most students were very satisfied with the course (51.9%).

Conclusions
Medical students revealed an overall good satisfaction with the Physical Activity and Health course, which supports the inclusion of this course in the Integrated Master’s Degree in Medicine. These results may have positive implications for future medical doctors in terms of promoting HEPA among patients and communities.
133 Data-infrastructure Sport and Physical Activity in the Netherlands: studying data availability and quality for 164 indicators
Authors: van Mourik Suzanne , Duijvestijn Marjolein , Wendel-Vos Wanda 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
A lot of data is available on sports and physical activity in the Netherlands; however, a clear overview is lacking. Information can be challenging to find. This project aimed to provide an overview of available national representative data on indicators related to sports and physical activity, providing valuable information for policymakers, municipalities and researchers, and to foster harmonization in data collection and analysis by publishing source and methodology descriptions.

Project description
In this project, the availability of nationally representative mean figures and/or prevalence rates was assessed for the 164 most relevant indicators for long-term monitoring in sports and physical activity (inventoried and divided over twelve topics earlier). If available, meta data on source and methodology descriptions for data collection and data handling were obtained from responsible researchers. Otherwise, it was investigated whether the indicator had been included in small-sample studies or in structural data collection, without publication of figures. Input was provided by 40 researchers, 3 policymakers, and 9 practice experts.
Webpages were developed for maintaining a dynamic, up-to-date overview and facilitating easy access to source and methodology descriptions.
To obtain the most comprehensive overview:
1. Essential components for the overview and source and methodology descriptions were established with research experts;
2. A preliminary inventory of the indicators was compiled by RIVM researchers;
3. Experts related to the topic of the indicators were approached individually and asked to provide input on the availability of mean figures and/or prevalence rates, and information about the source and methods used;
4. All inventoried information was evaluated by the experts per topic.

Conclusions
The inventory showed that in January 2024 nationally representative information was structurally available for 74 (45%) of the indicators. Another 21 indicators (13%) could be provided with information based on existing structural data collection and 35 indicators (21%) had been previously studied in non-structural or non-representative data collections. For 34 indicators (21%) no information was available. The overview serves as a resource for policymakers, offering insights into available data and guiding investments in knowledge development. Furthermore, the overview facilitates researchers in sharing the quality of methodologies and enhances data comparability.
175 FunFit: A Collaborative Community-based Physical Activity Programme for Children aged 6-12 with Diagnosed Delayed Gross Motor Skill Development
Authors: Deasy Clare , Kaar Eoin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Main Purpose
FunFit is a FREE community based physical activity programme for children aged 6-12 with diagnosed delayed gross motor skill development. The programme was developed in response to a gap identified by paediatric therapists around a lack of appropriate community programmes to signpost children attending their services to. FunFit aims to provide a physical activity opportunity in a fun, inclusive, non-competitive environment to build not only movement skills but also confidence & self-efficacy around being active.

Project Description
Development: FunFit was developed by the Cork Kerry Community Healthcare Health Promotion & Improvement Physical Activity team in partnership with HSE primary care Paediatric Physiotherapists & Cork Sports Partnership.

Implementation
FunFit is a group activity programme offered in blocks of 8 x 1hr weekly sessions, held in community-based facilities in Cork. Sessions are delivered by appropriately qualified and vetted exercise professionals who have attended specifically developed FunFit Tutor Training. Access to the programme is by paediatric healthcare professional referral only. Referrals are co-ordinated by the Health Promotion & Improvement Department whilst Cork Sports Partnership co-ordinates tutor and venue requirements.

Evaluation
A subset of children formed part of a pre & post intervention evaluation.
PA levels remained low post intervention, yet an upward trend in mean days of PA per week was observed (4.31±1.55 versus 3.69±1.6).
In intervention group 2 (N = 9), statistically significant improvements were found post-intervention in total locomotor (P = 0.012, effect size (ES) = 0.589), total object control (P = 0.034, ES = 0.499) and total FMS (P = 0.008, ES = 0.629). A statistically significant increase in mean days of PA per week was observed (4.33±1.55 versus 3.25±1.76). A positive improvement in enjoyment of PA (P = 0.014, ES = 0.502), and self-efficacy (P = 0.035, ES = 0.430), were also reported post-intervention.

Dissemination
A key goal for 2024 is to expand FunFit to Kerry as well as prioritising areas of deprivation in Cork, where need is greatest.

Conclusions
FunFit has demonstrated the importance of interagency collaboration & referral only programmes when trying to engage children who are at risk of low lifetime physical activity participation.
136 Link workers promoting physical activity - who are they linking?
Authors: O’Grady Megan , Barrett Emer , Connolly Deirdre 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Improvements in health and wellbeing can be achieved in individuals who are connected to community and voluntary services though link workers (LW). There is emerging evidence of their potential role in promoting local, community-based physical activity (local PA). More research is needed to understand the characteristics of individuals who attend this intervention, including health and demographic information.

Methods
This abstract presents results from two studies. In Study 1, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 27 Irish LW, including local sports partnership officers (LSPO) and social prescribing link workers (SPLW), to describe the profile of their service users. Study 2 (currently ongoing) is a mixed-methods pilot feasibility study. Demographic, PA (International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form, Self-Efficacy for Exercise Scale) and health-related data (Short Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale) were collected from 23 individuals attending a LW intervention, which included referral to local PA.

Results
In Study 1, Irish LW reported that their service users were often mid- to older-aged adults with significant physical and mental health comorbidities (including social isolation) which limited participation in PA. Link workers addressed these barriers to PA throughout their intervention. In Study 2, fifteen participants were recruited from LSPO and eight from SPLW. Participants were predominantly female (20/23, 87%) with a mean age of 69.2 (SD 6.7). Six in ten (14/23, 61%) reported a chronic disease. Almost half did not meet current PA guidelines (11/23, 48%) and had moderate levels of self-efficacy for exercise (mean 54.8 (SD 16.1)). Six in ten (14/23, 61%) reported only moderate levels of wellbeing. Preliminary analysis of PA and health-related data shows differences between LSPO and SPLW groups.

Conclusions
Irish LW service users experience many barriers to PA including social isolation, chronic disease and reduced self-efficacy for exercise. They may benefit from individualised support and targeted referrals to local PA provided by LW. By examining the potential differences in characteristics of people attending SPLW and LSPO services we hope to inform future referral pathways.

Support/Funding Source
Supported by the Glennon Bursary, awarded by the Irish Society of Chartered Physiotherapists: January 2023 – January 2024.