bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levels of supplementation of inorganic selenium and vitamin E for meat quail aged 0 to 14 and 14 to 35 days
Authors: Zancanela V. , Furlan A. C. , Pozza P. C. , Marcato S. M. , Grieser D. O. , Stanquevis C. E. , Finco E. M. , Oliveira‐Bruxel T. M. , Ferreira M. F. Z. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryTwo experiments were carried out to determine the levels of supplementation of inorganic selenium (Se) and vitamin E (VE) in diets of quails aged 0–14 and 14–35 days old. A completely randomized design was used in a factorial design (Se = 0.1125; 0.2250; 0.3375 and 0.4500 mg kg−1 diet−1 × VE = 10; 23; 36 and 49 IU kg−1 diet−1). In experiment 1, quail (n = 2,400) were aged 0–14 days and were divided into 16 treatments, with three replicates of 50 birds. In experiment 2, quail (n = 1,680) were aged 14–35 days and were divided into the same treatments, with three replicates of 35 birds. At age 0–14 days, the levels of VE did not affect performance (p > .05); however, the feed conversion (FC) was influenced by a quadratic effect (p = .0515), according to the level of Se, with a higher level estimated at 0.29 mg Se kg−1 diet−1. At age 14–35 days, there was a linear effect with interaction (Se × VE), for FC (p = .0150) and weight gain (WG; p = .0266). FC (Se, p = .0048 and VE, p = .0019) and WG (Se, p = .0049 and VE, p = .0068) improved linearly with increasing levels of Se and VE. The feed intake (FI) decreased linearly (p = .0582) as a function of VE. The carcass yield showed a quadratic effect (p = .0056) on the levels of VE, with a higher yield estimation of 27.24 IU VE/kg of diet. It can be concluded that the optimum level of supplementation at age 0–14 days was 0.29 mg Se kg−1 diet−1 and 10 IU VE kg−1 diet−1 and at age 14–35 days, it was 0.4500 mg Se kg−1 diet−1 and 49 IU of VE kg−1 diet−1.
The Status Quaestionis of Ecumenism
Authors: McDonald Kevin 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn 2016 Pope Francis went to Lund in Sweden for a joint service with the Lutherans to begin the events marking the 500th anniversary of the Reformation. Catholics have also been involved in conferences and other events that have been organized as part of this anniversary. The context and background to the Catholic Church's involvement is the Church's commitment to ecumenical dialogue made at the Second Vatican Council. The theological basis for that commitment is to be found in the Second Vatican Council's Constitution on the Church, Lumen Gentium and its Decree on Ecumenism, Unitatis Redintegratio.This paper takes the opportunity of this anniversary to take stock of the progress of the ecumenical movement and notes some of the issues and challenges that have impacted upon it. As well as social and cultural factors these include the increasing importance of interreligious dialogue and its relationship to ecumenical dialogue. Ecumenists also have to take account of the widely varying interpretations of the Reformation offered by church historians.Finally the paper argues that in the Catholic Church perceptions of ecumenism often fail to take account of the many ways in which the Second Vatican Council significantly changed the global role and profile of the Catholic Church (and the pope in particular) as a source and agent of peace and reconciliation on many different levels. Ecumenical engagement is an integral part of that continuing development which is increasingly acknowledged by political and religious leaders throughout the world.
Incontinence‐associated dermatitis in the critically ill patient: an intensive care perspective
Authors: Coyer Fiona , Campbell Jill 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundIncontinence‐associated dermatitis is a skin disorder evident as a complication of incontinence. It is characterized by perineal, buttock and groin erythema and skin breakdown. Incontinence‐associated dermatitis is a ubiquitous, nosocomial condition commonly present in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit. Critically ill patients, by the nature of their critical illness and therapies used to treat their presenting condition, are commonly predisposed to faecal incontinence and are consequently at high risk of developing incontinence‐associated dermatitis. However, this condition is under‐explored and under‐reported in the intensive care literature.ObjectiveThe aim of this paper is to provide a review of the literature relating to incontinence‐associated dermatitis from the critically ill patients in the intensive care setting.DiscussionThere is a paucity of literature addressing this condition in the intensive care context, with only 11 studies identified. This paper will provide an overview of the definitions, prevalence and incidence of incontinence‐associated dermatitis. Furthermore, an exposition of incontinence‐associated dermatitis from the critically ill patient and intensive care nursing perspectives will be presented through a review of the skin barrier function, clinical presentation, risk factors, clinical assessment and severity categorization, prevention and management of incontinence‐associated dermatitis.ConclusionIt is imperative that critical care nurses have an appreciation of incontinence‐associated dermatitis as a common, yet preventable condition, and are equipped with knowledge to appropriately prevent and manage this common complication.
Number of retained radiopaque markers on a colonic transit study does not correlate with symptom severity or quality of life in chronic constipation
Authors: Staller K. , Barshop K. , Ananthakrishnan A. N. , Kuo B. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundIngestion of radiopaque markers (ROM) is frequently used to determine colonic transit in chronic constipation. Although ≥20% of retained markers at 5 days defines slow‐transit constipation, some clinicians use the number of retained markers to determine disease severity.MethodsWe assembled a cross‐sectional cohort of patients presenting for evaluation of chronic constipation who underwent transit testing by ROM and completed validated symptom severity and quality‐of‐life (QOL) measures. We performed a correlation analysis to determine whether there was an association between number of retained markers and symptom severity and QOL.Key ResultsAmong 159 patients undergoing evaluation for chronic constipation, there was poor correlation between the number of retained markers and symptom severity (R = .09, P = .25) and QOL. Among the 55 patients with slow‐transit constipation defined by ≥5 retained markers retained on day 5, there were similarly poor correlations between symptom severity (R = .17, P = .21) and QOL (R = .07, P = .60). Excluding patients with irritable bowel syndrome and outlet obstruction by balloon expulsion testing did not materially alter our results, nor did a multivariable analysis controlling for demographic and psychiatric confounders.Conclusions and InferencesAmong patients with chronic constipation, number of retained markers on a ROM colonic transit study does not correlate with measures of symptom severity or QOL. Clinicians should be cautious about overinterpreting ROM transit testing.
The Logicality of Language: A new take on Triviality, “Ungrammaticality”, and Logical Form*
Authors: Del Pinal Guillermo 
Published: December 2017

AbstractRecent work in formal semantics suggests that the language system includes not only a structure building device, as standardly assumed, but also a natural deductive system which can determine when expressions have trivial truth‐conditions (e.g., are logically true/false) and mark them as unacceptable. This hypothesis, called the ‘logicality of language’, accounts for many acceptability patterns, including systematic restrictions on the distribution of quantifiers. To deal with apparent counter‐examples consisting of acceptable tautologies and contradictions, the logicality of language is often paired with an additional assumption according to which logical forms are radically underspecified: i.e., the language system can see functional terms but is ‘blind’ to open class terms to the extent that different tokens of the same term are treated as if independent. This conception of logical form has profound implications: it suggests an extreme version of the modularity of language, and can only be paired with non‐classical—indeed quite exotic—kinds of deductive systems. The aim of this paper is to show that we can pair the logicality of language with a different and ultimately more traditional account of logical form. This framework accounts for the basic acceptability patterns which motivated the logicality of language, can explain why some tautologies and contradictions are acceptable, and makes better predictions in key cases. As a result, we can pursue versions of the logicality of language in frameworks compatible with the view that the language system is not radically modular vis‐á‐vis its open class terms and employs a deductive system that is basically classical.
Trithorax‐group proteins ARABIDOPSIS TRITHORAX4 (ATX4) and ATX5 function in abscisic acid and dehydration stress responses
Authors: Liu Yutong , Zhang Ai , Yin Hao , Meng Qingxiang , Yu Xiaoming , Huang Shuangzhan , Wang Jie , Ahmad Rafiq , Liu Bao , Xu Zheng‐Yi 
Published: December 2017

Summary

Trithorax‐group proteins (TrxGs) play essential regulatory roles in chromatin modification to activate transcription. Although TrxGs have been shown to be extensively involved in the activation of developmental genes, how the specific TrxGs function in the dehydration and abscisic acid (ABA)‐mediated modulation of downstream gene expression remains unknown.

Here, we report that two evolutionarily conserved Arabidopsis thaliana TrxGs, ARABIDOPSIS TRITHORAX4 (ATX4) and ATX5, play essential roles in the drought stress response. atx4 and atx5 single loss‐of‐function mutants showed drought stress‐tolerant and ABA‐hypersensitive phenotypes during seed germination and seedling development, while the atx4 atx5 double mutant displayed further exacerbation of the phenotypes.

Genome‐wide RNA‐sequencing analyses showed that ATX4 and ATX5 regulate the expression of genes functioning in dehydration stress. Intriguingly, ABA‐HYPERSENSITIVE GERMINATION 3 (AHG3), an essential negative regulator of ABA signaling, acts genetically downstream of ATX4 and ATX5 in response to ABA. ATX4 and ATX5 directly bind to the AHG3 locus and trimethylate histone H3 of Lys 4 (H3K4). Moreover, ATX4 and ATX5 occupancies at AHG3 are dramatically increased under ABA treatment, and are also essential for RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) occupancies.

Our findings reveal novel molecular functions of A. thaliana TrxGs in dehydration stress and ABA responses.
Nonredundant functions of Arabidopsis LecRK‐V.2 and LecRK‐VII.1 in controlling stomatal immunity and jasmonate‐mediated stomatal closure
Authors: Yekondi Shweta , Liang Fu‐Chun , Okuma Eiji , Radziejwoski Amandine , Mai Hsien‐Wei , Swain Swadhin , Singh Prashant , Gauthier Mathieu , Chien Hsiao‐Chiao , Murata Yoshiyuki , Zimmerli Laurent 
Published: December 2017

Summary

Stomatal immunity restricts bacterial entry to leaves through the recognition of microbe‐associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) by pattern‐recognition receptors (PRRs) and downstream abscisic acid and salicylic acid signaling.

Through a reverse genetics approach, we characterized the function of the L‐type lectin receptor kinase‐V.2 (LecRK‐V.2) and ‐VII.1 (LecRK‐VII.1). Analyses of interactions with the PRR FLAGELLIN SENSING2 (FLS2) were performed by co‐immunoprecipitation and bimolecular fluorescence complementation and whole‐cell patch‐clamp analyses were used to evaluate guard cell Ca2+‐permeable cation channels.

The Arabidopsis thaliana LecRK‐V.2 and LecRK‐VII.1 and notably their kinase activities were required for full activation of stomatal immunity. Knockout lecrk‐V.2 and lecrk‐VII.1 mutants were hyper‐susceptible to Pseudomonas syringae infection and showed defective stomatal closure in response to bacteria or to the MAMPs flagellin and EF‐Tu. By contrast, Arabidopsis over‐expressing LecRK‐V.2 or LecRK‐VII.1 demonstrated a potentiated stomatal immunity. LecRK‐V.2 and LecRK‐VII.1 are shown to be part of the FLS2 PRR complex. In addition, LecRK‐V.2 and LecRK‐VII.1 were critical for methyl jasmonate (MeJA)‐mediated stomatal closure, notably for MeJA‐induced activation of guard cell Ca2+‐permeable cation channels.

This study highlights the role of LecRK‐V.2 and LecRK‐VII.1 in stomatal immunity at the FLS2 PRR complex and in MeJA‐mediated stomatal closure.
Maize participatory breeding in Portugal: Comparison of farmer's and breeder's on‐farm selection
Authors: Mendes‐Moreira Pedro , Satovic Zlatko , Mendes‐Moreira João , Santos João Pedro , Nina Santos João Pedro , Pêgo Silas , Vaz Patto Maria Carlota 
Published: December 2017

Abstract“VASO” is a Portuguese participatory maize breeding project (1984), where several maize landraces such as “Pigarro” have been selected both by a farmer's (phenotypic recurrent selection) and a breeder's approach (S2 lines recurrent selection). The objectives of this study were to determine the phenotypic and genotypic responses to participatory selection using these two different approaches, to clarify to which extent both selection methods preserve genetic diversity, and conclude what is the preferred method to apply in sustainable farming systems. The results, obtained via ANOVA, regression analyses and molecular markers, indicate that for both selection methods, genetic diversity was not significantly reduced, even with the most intensive breeder's selection. Although there were some common outputs, such as the determinated versus indeterminated ears, cob and ear weight ratio per ear and rachis 2, specific phenotypic traits evolved in opposite directions between the two selection approaches. Yield increase was only detected during farmer selection, indicating its interest on PPB. Candidate genes were identified for a few of the traits under selection as potential functional markers in participatory plant breeding.
Metagenomics in pooled plasma, with identification of potential emerging infectious pathogens
Authors: Xu Min , Yang Yashan , Zhou Ya , Liu Zhiyang , Liu Yu , He Miao 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUNDMany emerging infectious pathogens are well known for existing in healthy blood donors and could be transmitted via blood transfusion or plasma derivatives usage. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover the pathogens in qualified blood donation to avoid potential threats to blood safety.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSThe objective of this study was to investigate the microbiome that existed in pooled plasma from different manufacturers in Chengdu and Guiyang. Random polymerase chain reaction, large‐scale clone sequencing, and bioinformatics were used to investigate the metagenomics and microbiome structure of pooled plasma. Among detected microbiomes, potential pathogens were subsequently identified.RESULTAfter host DNA cleaning, 551 clones were classified as bacteria; 88 clones were classified as viruses, and four clones were considered to be parasites, respectively. Thirteen kinds of bacteria and two kinds of parasites that might potentially threaten blood safety were identified along with six kinds of nonpathogenic viruses. The infection status of one identified pathogen Coxiella burnetii was evaluated in 1638 plasma samples. The reactive rate of immunoglobulin (Ig)G1 was 1.10% (18/1638), the reactive rate of IgG2 was 0.85% (14/1638), and the reactive rate of IgM was 0.98% (16/1638).CONCLUSIONSome pathogens that were already considered as threats to blood safety were discovered in those pooled plasma such as C. burnetii, Orientia tsutsugamushi, and Plasmodium sp. As a result, we should initiate some specific tests in the endemic area on plasma donors to enhance the blood safety in China.
Short‐term effect of preoperative intravenous iron therapy in colorectal cancer patients with anemia: results of a cohort study
Authors: Wilson Michael Jordi , Dekker Jan Willem , Bruns Emma , Borstlap Wernard , Jeekel Johannes , Zwaginga Jaap Jan , Schipperus Martin 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUNDIn the treatment of preoperative anemia, which is associated with increased postoperative morbidity, iron supplementation can replace blood transfusion and erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of preoperative intravenous (IV) iron infusion in optimizing hemoglobin (Hb) levels in anemic colorectal cancer patients.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSA retrospective cohort study was performed on patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer between 2010 and 2016 in a single teaching hospital. The primary outcome measure, the change in Hb level, was assessed by comparing anemic patients receiving usual care (UC; i.e. no iron therapy and no blood transfusion) with anemic patients receiving IV iron therapy (no blood transfusion).RESULTSA total of 758 patients with colorectal cancer were eligible, of whom 318 (41.9%) had anemia. The IV and the UC groups included 52 and 153 patients with mean Hb levels at diagnosis of 6.3 and 6.9 mmol/L, respectively. In the IV group, preoperative Hb level was significantly increased compared to the UC group (0.65 mmol/L vs. 0.10 mmol/L, p < 0.001). High increase in Hb level after iron infusion was associated with initial higher transferrin and lower ferritin levels (high vs. poor responders: median transferrin 2.9 g/L vs. 2.7 g/L, median ferritin 12 µg/L vs. 27 µg/L).CONCLUSIONImplementation of IV iron therapy in anemic colorectal cancer patients leads to a distinct increase of preoperative Hb level. IV iron therapy is most effective in patients presenting with more severe anemia, and with higher transferrin and lower ferritin levels, markers for an absolute iron deficiency (ID), compared to functional ID.
Ophthalmic examination findings and intraocular pressures in wild‐caught African giant pouched rats (Cricetomys spp.)
Authors: Heller Amanda R. , Ledbetter Eric C. , Singh Bhupinder , Lee Danielle N. , Ophir Alexander G. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPurposeTo report ophthalmic examination findings and intraocular pressures (IOPs) in wild‐caught African giant pouched rats (Cricetomys ansorgei and gambianus) from Tanzania and Ghana.ProceduresAfter being placed under general anesthesia for examination, slit‐lamp biomicroscopy before and after pharmacologic mydriasis and indirect ophthalmoscopy was performed. Eyes were fluorescein stained and IOPs measured by rebound tonometry using the TonoVet®.ResultsThirty‐two sexually mature pouched rats (64 eyes) were examined, including 16 males and 16 females. The mean IOP (± standard deviation) was 7.7 (±2.9) mmHg. Fluorescein staining was negative in all eyes. One or more ocular abnormalities were detected in 21 pouched rats (35 eyes). These ocular lesions included the following: lens opacities (n = 23 eyes), persistent pupillary membranes (n = 5), chorioretinal scarring (n = 3), corneal vascularization (n = 2), palpebral margin defect with focal trichiasis (n = 2), phthisis bulbi (n = 1), and posterior synechiae (n = 1). Lens opacities included incipient anterior cortical opacities (n = 7), immature cataract (n = 6), incipient nuclear opacities (n = 5), punctate pigment on anterior lens capsule (n = 2 eyes), incipient suture tip opacities (n = 2), and hypermature cataract (n = 1).ConclusionsOcular abnormalities were common in the evaluated population of giant pouched rats; however, most of the detected lesions were mild and believed to have minimal impact on vision. Rebound tonometry with the TonoVet® was a reliable and simple technique to measure IOPs in the anesthetized pouched rats.
Night Games and Sleep: Physiological, Neuroendocrine, and Psychometric Mechanisms
Authors: Juliff Laura E. , Peiffer Jeremiah J. , Halson Shona L. 
Published: December 2017

Context: Night games are a regular occurrence for team-sport athletes, yet sleep complaints following night competitions are common. The mechanisms responsible for reported sleep difficulty in athletes are not understood. Methods: An observational crossover design investigating a night netball game and a time-matched rest day in 12 netball athletes was conducted to ascertain differences in physiological (core temperature), psychometric (state and trait), and neuroendocrine (adrenaline, noradrenaline, and cortisol) responses. Results: Following the night game, athletes experienced reduced sleep durations, lower sleep efficiency, early awakenings, and poorer subjective sleep ratings compared with the rest day. No differences were found between core temperature, state psychometric measures, and cortisol at bedtime. Adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations were elevated compared with the time-matched rest day prior to (26.92 [15.88] vs 12.90 [5.71] and 232.6 [148.1] vs 97.83 [36.43] nmol/L, respectively) and following the night game (18.67 [13.26] vs 11.92 [4.56] and 234.1 [137.2] vs 88.58 [54.08] nmol/L, respectively); however, the concentrations did not correlate to the sleep variables (duration, efficiency, and sleep-onset latency). A correlation (rs = −.611) between sleep efficiency and hyperarousal (trait psychometric measure) was found. Conclusions: Athletes experienced poor sleep following a night game. Furthermore, results suggest that athletes who have a tendency toward a high trait arousal may be more susceptible to sleep complaints following a night game. These data expand knowledge and refute frequently hypothesized explanations for poor sleep following night competition. The results may also help support staff and coaches target strategies for individual athletes at a higher risk of sleep complaints.
Lower Limb Sports Compression Garments Improve Muscle Blood Flow and Exercise Performance During Repeated-Sprint Cycling
Authors: Broatch James R. , Bishop David J. , Halson Shona 
Published: December 2017

Purpose: Evidence supporting the use of lower-limb compression garments during repeated-sprint exercise (RSE) with short rest periods, where performance will rely heavily on aerobic metabolism, is lacking. Methods: A total of 20 recreationally active participants completed 2 cycling RSE sessions, with and without lower-limb compression tights. The RSE session consisted of 4 sets of 10 × 6-s maximal sprints on a wind-braked cycle ergometer, interspaced by 24 s of recovery between bouts and 2 min of recovery between sets. Muscle oxygen consumption () of, and blood flow (mBF) to, the right vastus lateralis muscle was measured during exercise using near-infrared spectroscopy and venous/arterial occlusions of the right lower limb. Cycling performance, oxygen consumption (), heart rate, and capillary blood samples (lactate, pH, bicarbonate, and base excess) were also measured/taken throughout the session. Results: Compared with control, peak power (40.7 [19.9] W; mean ± 95% confidence intervals) and mBF (0.101 [0.061] mL·min−1·100 g−1) were higher, and heart rate (2  [1] beats/min) was lower, when participants wore compression (P < .05). , , blood lactate, and heart rate increased as a result of exercise (P < .05), with no differences between conditions. Similarly, blood pH, bicarbonate, and base excess decreased as a result of exercise (P < .05), with no difference between conditions. Conclusions: Wearing lower-limb compression tights during RSE with short intervals of rest improved cycling performance, vastus lateralis mBF, and heart rate. These results provide novel data to support the notion that lower-limb compression garments aid RSE performance, which may be related to local and/or central blood flow.