bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Sensitive Detection of Ionizing Radiations by a Photoluminescent Uranyl Organic Framework
Authors: Xie Jian , Wang Yaxing , Liu Wei , Yin Xuemiao , Chen Lanhua , Zou Youming , Diwu Juan , Chai Zhifang , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E. , Liu Guokui , Wang Shuao 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPrecise detection of low‐dose X‐ and γ‐radiations remains a challenge and is particularly important for studying biological effects under low‐dose ionizing radiation, safety control in medical radiation treatment, survey of environmental radiation background, and monitoring cosmic radiations. We report here a photoluminescent uranium organic framework, whose photoluminescence intensity can be accurately correlated with the exposure dose of X‐ or γ‐radiations. This allows for precise and instant detection of ionizing radiations down to the level of 10−4 Gy, representing a significant improvement on the detection limit of approximately two orders of magnitude, compared to other chemical dosimeters reported up to now. The electron paramagnetic resonance analysis suggests that with the exposure to radiations, the carbonyl double bonds break affording oxo‐radicals that can be stabilized within the conjugated uranium oxalate‐carboxylate sheet. This gives rise to a substantially enhanced equatorial bonding of the uranyl(VI) ions as elucidated by the single‐crystal structure of the γ‐ray irradiated material, and subsequently leads to a very effective photoluminescence quenching through phonon‐assisted relaxation. The quenched sample can be easily recovered by heating, enabling recycled detection for multiple runs.
Elucidating the Role of Dissolution in CeO2 Nanoparticle Plant Uptake by Smart Radiolabeling
Authors: Schymura Stefan , Fricke Thomas , Hildebrand Heike , Franke Karsten 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe identification of major uptake pathways in plants is an important factor when evaluating the fate of manufactured nanoparticles in the environment and the associated risks. Using different radiolabeling techniques we were able to show a predominantly particulate uptake for CeO2 nanoparticles in contrast to a possible uptake in the form of ionic cerium.
Ultrasonic treatment of wastewater contaminated with various dyes using tin oxide hydroxide nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon: Synthesis, performance, mechanism and statistical optimization
Authors: Porhemmat Sima , Rezvani Alireza , Ghaedi Mehrorang , Asfaram Arash , Goudarzi Alireza 
Published: May 2017

Present research describe applicability of tin oxide hydroxide nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon (Sn6O4 (OH)4‐NPs‐AC) which recognized via by Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) for the rapid simultaneous removal of Methyl orange (MB) and methylene blue (MB) in mixture in the presence of ultrasonic wave. The central composite design (CCD) pattern as branch of response surface methodology (RSM) give useful information about influence of five most important operating variables is separate and combination nature namely pH (4.0–8.0), initial MO (8–24 mg L−1) and MB concentration (4–12 mg l−1), sonication time (2–6 min) and adsorbent mass (0.01–0.03 g) on the ultrasound under study dyes assisted adsorption. After surveying the experiment data and finding regression analysis correspond to experimental data, mathematical model and equation was constructed and derived which applied for optimizing ultrasound assisted adsorption and revel serious dependency of response to variables like adsorbent mass and sonication time s. F values of 114.5 and 165.5, coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9978 and 0.9985, adjusted‐R2 of 0.9891 and 0.9925, adequate precision (AP) of 39.11 and 40.23, coefficient of variation (CV) of 0.653 and 1.988% for MB and MO respectively, implied the satisfactory adjustment of the quadratic model. Based on CCD, the optimum conditions was set as pH of 6.0; 0.02 g adsorbent; 20 and 12 mg l−1 of MO and MB concentration and 2 min sonication time. The predicted removal of MO and MB in binary system were 98.19 and 98.02% which was good agreement with their experimental R% MO and MB value of 98.00% for both at optimum condition. The equilibrium data has good agreement with Langmuir with maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 30.90 and 25.70 mg g−1 for MO and MB respectively. Investigation of time dependency of adsorption data revel more applicability pseudo‐second order in cooperation with intraparticle diffusion description of the mechanism and adsorption rate.
What's in an index? Comparing the ecological information provided by two indices to assess the status of coralligenous reefs in the NW Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Piazzi Luigi , Bianchi Carlo Nike , Cecchi Enrico , Gatti Giulia , Guala Ivan , Morri Carla , Sartoretto Stéphane , Serena Fabrizio , Montefalcone Monica 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

This study compared the results obtained through the concurrent use of the two indices ESCA (Ecological Status of Coralligenous Assemblages) and COARSE (COralligenous Assessment by ReefScape Estimate) to define the ecological status of coralligenous reefs.
The study evaluated: i) the effectiveness of the two indices at a regional spatial scale (100 s of km); ii) the descriptors that mostly influence the indices; and iii) the ecological information provided by the two indices.
Both ESCA and COARSE were applied to coralligenous reefs selected at sites affected by different human‐induced pressures.
The two indices provided different but complementary information to determine the intrinsic quality of coralligenous reefs and to detect the effects of human pressures on the associated assemblages.
The simultaneous use of ESCA and COARSE can be effective in providing information about the alteration of ecological quality of coralligenous reefs, in order to achieve the requirements of European directives.
Lewis‐Base‐Mediated Diastereoselective Silylations of Alcohols: Synthesis of Silicon‐Stereogenic Dialkoxysilanes Controlled by Chiral Aryl BINMOLs
Authors: Bai Xing‐Feng , Zou Jin‐Feng , Chen Mu‐Yi , Xu Zheng , Li Li , Cui Yu‐Ming , Zheng Zhan‐Jiang , Xu Li‐Wen 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn the past years, stereoselective functionalizations of hydroxyl groups of alcohol substrates with chlorosilanes leading to silyl ether formation have evolved from a functional‐group protection to an enantioselective synthetic strategy. This work comprises a controlled desymmetrization of dichlorosilanes by using a family of structurally specific chiral diols, chiral 1,1′‐binaphthalene‐2‐α‐arylmethanol‐2′‐ol (Ar‐BINMOL). This process led to the facile construction of silicon‐stereogenic organosilicon compounds with high yields and good diastereoselectivities. In addition, the diasteroselective silylation of chiral diols might not only be of interest for the development of highly stereoselective nucleophilic silylation, but also shed light on the construction of novel chiral phosphine ligands bearing a silicon‐stereogenic center.
Combined PET–CT and axillary lymph node marking with radioactive iodine seeds (MARI procedure) for tailored axillary treatment in node-positive breast cancer after neoadjuvant therapy
Authors: Koolen B B , Donker M , Straver M E , van der Noordaa M E M , Rutgers E J T , Valdés Olmos R A , Vrancken Peeters M J T F D 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Background
The treatment of axillary lymph node metastases after neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST) remains debatable and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is still the standard of care. Marking axillary lymph nodes with radioactive iodine seeds (MARI procedure) is accurate in restaging the axilla after NST (false-negative rate 7 per cent). Here, the potential of tailored axillary treatment, determined by combining the results of PET–CT before NST with those of the MARI procedure after NST, was analysed.

Methods
A cohort of axillary node-positive patients was used to construct a hypothetical treatment algorithm based on a combination of PET–CT and the MARI procedure. In the algorithm, the number of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-avid axillary lymph nodes (1–3 versus 4 or more) before NST and the tumour status of the MARI node (positive versus negative) after NST were used to tailor axillary treatment. All patients in the cohort underwent ALND, allowing estimation of potential overtreatment and undertreatment.

Results
A total of 93 patients were included in the study. Between one and three FDG-avid axillary lymph nodes were observed in 59 patients, and four or more in 34 patients. The MARI node was tumour-negative in 32 patients and showed residual disease in 61. Treatment according to the constructed algorithm would have resulted in 74 per cent of patients avoiding an ALND, with potential undertreatment in three patients (3 per cent) and overtreatment in 16 (17 per cent).

Conclusion
Tailored axillary treatment after NST in node-positive patients, by combining PET–CT before NST and the MARI procedure after NST, has the potential for ALND to be avoided in 74 per cent of patients.
Heteroatom‐Doped Carbonaceous Photocatalysts for Solar Fuel Production and Environmental Remediation
Authors: Zhao Zhongkui , Ge Guifang , Zhang Di 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPhotocatalytic solar energy conversion and environmental remediation including water splitting, CO2 reduction, and pollutant degradation have attracted rapidly growing attention, owing to global fossil fuel depletion and increasing environmental issues. From the viewpoint of the broad availability, good environmental acceptability, high corrosion resistance, as well as the readily tailorable microstructure, electronic structure and surface chemical properties, carbonaceous materials have been demonstrated as promising and sustainable low‐cost metal‐free alternatives to metal‐based photocatalysts for solar fuel production and pollutant degradation. The non‐metallic heteroatoms doping approach has been considered as a powerful tool for modulating electronic structure, morphology, surface structure and surface chemistry, textural properties, optical properties, and electrochemical properties, as well as catalytic properties of carbonaceous photocatalysts. This Review represents a comprehensive overview of the latest advance in preparation and physicochemical properties of diverse non‐metallic heteroatoms‐doped carbonaceous materials, as well as their applications in heterogeneous photocatalysis towards solar energy conversion and environmental remediation. The physicochemical properties and photocatalytic performance of the carbonaceous photocatalysts are carefully compared, as well as a brief overview of fundamental principles for the promoting effect of heteroatoms‐doping is also presented. In addition, the future perspectives on the opportunities and challenges of heteroatoms doping for fabricating novel and excellent carbonaceous photocatalysts are outlined.
Metal‐Free Direct Alkylation of Ketene Dithioacetals by Oxidative C(sp2)−H/C(sp3)−H Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Wen Jiangwei , Zhang Fan , Shi Wenyan , Lei Aiwen 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe functionalization of internal olefins has been a challenging task in organic synthesis. This protocol provides an efficient and transition‐metal‐free direct oxidative C(sp2)−H/C(sp3)−H cross‐coupling method to access tetrasubstituted olefins. The push–pull effect from the polarized olefin substrates accelerates the internal olefin C−H alkylation. Importantly, the mechanistic experimental results demonstrate that the alkanes C−H bond cleavage is the rate‐determining step, and a radical pathway has been proposed for the alkylation reaction. Notably, the present protocol has excellent functional group tolerance and could be easily scaled up with good efficiency.
Double Activation Catalysis for α′‐Alkylidene Cyclic Enones with Chiral Amines and Thiols
Authors: Wang Zhou‐Xiang , Zhou Zhi , Xiao Wei , Ouyang Qin , Du Wei , Chen Ying‐Chun 
Published: May 2017

AbstractCooperative catalysis has contributed greatly to the progress of asymmetric synthesis. However, double‐activation catalysis has been less explored, especially for covalently tethered species. Here, we present a double‐activation strategy for α′‐alkylidene cyclic enone substrates that uses a chiral primary amine and 2‐mercaptobenzoic acid to promote regio‐ and chemoselective addition to generate the complex interrupted iminium ion species. Significantly enhanced reactivity and enantioselectivity were observed for β‐regioselective Michael addition and Friedel–Crafts alkylation with malononitriles and indoles, respectively, which produced a spectrum of chiral cyclic adducts with an exo‐alkylidene group. Moreover, a HRMS study detected a few key covalently tethered intermediates among the substrates and catalysts, which helped elucidate the catalytic mechanism.
Alkylsilyl Peroxides as Alkylating Agents in the Copper‐Catalyzed Selective Mono‐N‐Alkylation of Primary Amides and Arylamines
Authors: Sakamoto Ryu , Sakurai Shunya , Maruoka Keiji 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe copper‐catalyzed selective mono‐N‐alkylation of primary amides or arylamines using alkylsilyl peroxides as alkylating agents is reported. The reaction proceeds under mild reaction conditions and exhibits a broad substrate scope with respect to the alkylsilyl peroxides, as well as to the primary amides and arylamines. Mechanistic studies suggest that the present reaction should proceed through a free‐radical process that includes alkyl radicals generated from the alkylsilyl peroxides.
Asymmetric Supercapacitors Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide with Different Polyoxometalates as Positive and Negative Electrodes
Authors: Dubal Deepak P. , Chodankar Nilesh R. , Vinu Ajayan , Kim Do‐Heyoung , Gomez‐Romero Pedro 
Published: May 2017

AbstractNanofabrication using a “bottom‐up” approach of hybrid electrode materials into a well‐defined architecture is essential for next‐generation miniaturized energy storage devices. This paper describes the design and fabrication of reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/polyoxometalate (POM)‐based hybrid electrode materials and their successful exploitation for asymmetric supercapacitors. First, redox active nanoclusters of POMs [phosphomolybdic acid (PMo12) and phosphotungstic acid (PW12)] were uniformly decorated on the surface of rGO nanosheets to take full advantage of both charge‐storing mechanisms (faradaic from POMs and electric double layer from rGO). The as‐synthesized rGO‐PMo12 and rGO‐PW12 hybrid electrodes exhibited impressive electrochemical performances with specific capacitances of 299 (269 mF cm−2) and 370 F g−1 (369 mF cm−2) in 1 m H2SO4 as electrolyte at 5 mA cm−2. An asymmetric supercapacitor was then fabricated using rGO‐PMo12 as the positive and rGO‐PW12 as the negative electrode. This rGO‐PMo12∥rGO‐PW12 asymmetric cell could be successfully cycled in a wide voltage window up to 1.6 V and hence exhibited an excellent energy density of 39 Wh kg−1 (1.3 mWh cm−3) at a power density of 658 W kg−1 (23 mW cm−3).
Anti‐Inflammatory and Analgesic Activities of Terminalia Muelleri Benth. (Combretaceae)
Authors: Fahmy Nouran M. , Al‐Sayed Eman , Abdel‐Daim Mohamed M. , Singab Abdel Nasser 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Preclinical Research

The anti‐inflammatory and analgesic activities of a polyphenol‐rich fraction (TMEF) obtained from Terminalia muelleri Benth. were measured. The analgesic activity of TMEF was tested using acetic acid‐induced writhing and hot plate models in mice. The anti‐inflammatory activity was assessed using carrageenan‐induced paw edema model by measuring PGE2, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 plasma levels as well as the paw thickness. TMEF was tested at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg p.o. and diclofenac sodium was used as a standard (100 mg/kg) in all experiments. The group treated with 400 mg/kg of TMEF showed a greater inhibition in the number of writhes (by 63%) than the standard‐treated group (61%). Pretreatment with TMEF increased the analgesic effect in hot plate test in a dose‐dependent manner with a maximum effect after 120 min. TMEF pretreatment alos reduced the edema thickness by 48, 53, and 62% at the tested doses, respectively. TMEF administration inhibited the carrageenan‐induced elevations in PGE2 (by 34, 43, and 47%), TNF‐α (18, 28, and 41%), IL‐1β (14, 22, and 29%), and IL‐6 (26, 31, and 46%). Four phenolic compounds were isolated from Terminalia muelleri for the first time. Drug Dev Res 78 : 146‐154, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bring your own camera to the trap: An inexpensive, versatile, and portable triggering system tested on wild hummingbirds
Authors: Rico‐Guevara Alejandro , Mickley James 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe study of animals in the wild offers opportunities to collect relevant information on their natural behavior and abilities to perform ecologically relevant tasks. However, it also poses challenges such as accounting for observer effects, human sensory limitations, and the time intensiveness of this type of research. To meet these challenges, field biologists have deployed camera traps to remotely record animal behavior in the wild. Despite their ubiquity in research, many commercial camera traps have limitations, and the species and behavior of interest may present unique challenges. For example, no camera traps support high‐speed video recording. We present a new and inexpensive camera trap system that increases versatility by separating the camera from the triggering mechanism. Our system design can pair with virtually any camera and allows for independent positioning of a variety of sensors, all while being low‐cost, lightweight, weatherproof, and energy efficient. By using our specialized trigger and customized sensor configurations, many limitations of commercial camera traps can be overcome. We use this system to study hummingbird feeding behavior using high‐speed video cameras to capture fast movements and multiple sensors placed away from the camera to detect small body sizes. While designed for hummingbirds, our application can be extended to any system where specialized camera or sensor features are required, or commercial camera traps are cost‐prohibitive, allowing camera trap use in more research avenues and by more researchers.
[Pt(SCN)4]2–‐Based Coordination Polymers and Supramolecular Squares: Intermolecular Pt···H–C Interactions Probed by Luminescence Spectroscopy at Variable Pressure
Authors: Suffren Yan , Kobayashi Masayuki , Ovens Jeffrey S. , Rodrigue‐Witchel Alexandre , Genre Caroline , Sakai Ken , Reber Christian , Leznoff Daniel B. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are the groups of Christian Reber from Université de Montréal and Daniel Leznoff from Simon Fraser University, Canada. The cover image shows the variation of the luminescence of a coordination polymer in response to pressure.
Prosocial thinkers and the social transmission of justice
Authors: Shteynberg Garriy , Gelfand Michele , Imai Lynn , Mayer David M. , Bell Chris 
Published: May 2017

AbstractFeeling the sting of another's injustice is a common human experience. We adopt a motivated information processing approach and explore how individual differences in social motives (e.g., high vs. low collectivism) and epistemic motives (e.g., high vs. low need for closure) drive individuals' evaluative and behavioral reactions to the just and unjust treatment of others. In two studies, one in the laboratory (N = 78) and one in the field (N = 163), we find that the justice treatment of others has a more profound influence on the attitudes and behaviors of prosocial thinkers, people who are chronically higher (vs. lower) in collectivism and lower (vs. higher) in the need for closure. In all, our results suggest that chronically higher collectivism and a lower need for closure work in concert to make another's justice relevant to personal judgment and behavior.
Nudges, shoves and budges: Behavioural economic policy frameworks
Authors: Oliver Adam 
Published: May 2017

SummaryBehavioural economics—the study of human decision making and how it sometimes deviates systematically from the assumptions of standard economic theory—has attracted a lot of attention in the health policy discourse over recent years. Many appear to believe that behavioural economic findings can be used only to help inform policies that manipulate the choices made by citizens, ie, the so‐called nudge policy. However, these findings can be used to inform several different policy frameworks, from seemingly innocuous liberty‐preserving changes to the contexts people operate in, to the outlawing of certain corporate behaviours. This article depicts diagrammatically, with the aid of a “behavioural policy cube” and in relation to smoking cessation interventions, the conceptual parameters of several behavioural economic‐informed policy frameworks, which could be easily extended to other areas of health, and indeed broader public, policy.
LAMC1 mRNA promotes malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by competing for MicroRNA‐124 binding with CD151
Authors: Yang Zhan‐Po , Ma Hong‐Shun , Wang Shu‐Sen , Wang Le , Liu Tao 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSpecific RNAs can function as sinks for endogenous miRNAs, known as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). Here, we confirm a miR‐124 mediated ceRNA crosstalk between LAMC1 and CD151 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). miR‐124 negatively regulates LAMC1 expression through two miRNA binding sites within its 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) and suppresses migration and invasion of HCC cells through regulating LAMC1. The wild type LAMC1 miRNA response elements (MREs) facilitate expression of CD151, and this regulation is miR‐124 dependent. In clinical hepatic tissues, LAMC1 and CD151 mRNAs exhibit positive correlation. Importantly, LAMC1 MREs promote HCC malignancy by absorbing miR‐124 and by assisting CD151 expression. We conclude that LAMC1 mRNA acts as a trans regulator to stimulate CD151 expression by competing for miR‐124 binding in HCC cells. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(8):595–605, 2017
Isolation of circulating tumor cells in pancreatic cancer patients by immunocytochemical assay
Authors: Yang Jing , Zhou Ying , Zhao Bin 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundThe patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer have the possibilities of getting the cancer again even after resection. The tumor cells identified from blood can be related to different stages of tumor.MethodsIn this study, we used an immunoassay to detect circulating tumor cells in blood and bone marrow samples. About 120 patients' blood and bone marrow samples were used in this study along with controls. The presence of tumor cells was evaluated with different stages of cancer classified by UICC. The survival rate at each stages of tumor was also analyzed.ResultsThe tumor cells were isolated both in blood (29%) and bone marrow samples (25%). The prevalence of tumor cells increased with increase in stages of tumor in blood samples.ConclusionThe survival of the patients considerably related to different stages of tumor but it cannot be taken a parameter alone for the patients' survival.