bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liver transplantation from a deceased donor with β‐thalassemia intermedia is not contraindicated: A case report
Authors: Gumus Ersin , Abbasoglu Osman , Tanyel Cahit , Gumruk Fatma , Ozen Hasan , Yuce Aysel 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe use of extended criteria donors who might have previously been deemed unsuitable is an option to increase the organ supply for transplantation. This report presents a pediatric case of a successful liver transplantation from a donor with β‐thalassemia intermedia. A patient, 6‐year‐old female, with a diagnosis of cryptogenic liver cirrhosis underwent deceased donor liver transplantation from a thalassemic donor. Extreme hyperferritinemia was detected shortly after transplantation. The most probable cause of hyperferritinemia was iron overload secondary to transplantation of a hemosiderotic liver. Hepatocellular injury due to acute graft rejection might have contributed to elevated ferritin levels by causing release of stored iron from the hemosiderotic liver graft. Iron chelation and phlebotomy therapies were started simultaneously in the early postoperative period to avoid iron‐related organ toxicity and transplant failure. Follow‐up with monthly phlebotomies after discharge yielded a favorable outcome with normal transplant functions. Thalassemia intermedia patients can be candidates of liver donors to decrease pretransplant waitlist mortality. After transplantation of a hemosiderotic liver, it is important to monitor the recipient in terms of iron overload and toxicity. Early attempts to lower iron burden including chelation therapy and/or phlebotomy should be considered to avoid organ toxicity and transplant failure.
Embedded Government Control and Nonprofit Revenue Growth
Authors: Ni Na , Zhan Xueyong 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis research combines insights from resource dependence and institutional theories to examine the growth of Chinese nonprofit revenues. The authors propose the concept of embedded government control (EGC) to capture the complexity of the government–nonprofit relationship along two dimensions: government regulation of nonprofits’ public fund‐raising qualifications and the political embeddedness of nonprofits with the government. Using a data set of 2,159 Chinese philanthropic foundations for the period 2005–12, the authors test hypotheses about the implications of EGC for nonprofit revenues in China following two major external shocks: the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 and the Guo Meimei scandal in 2011. The empirical analysis shows that EGC can help philanthropic foundations obtain more government subsidies, donations, and market revenues. However, external shocks may either strengthen or weaken the enabling role of EGC in helping foundations acquire relatively more donations.
Clinical relevance of pre‐ovulatory follicular temperature in heat‐stressed lactating dairy cows
Authors: López‐Gatius F , Hunter RHF 
Published: February 2017

ContentsTemperature gradients in female reproductive tissues seem to influence the success of key processes such as ovulation and fertilization. The objective of this study was to investigate whether pre‐ovulatory follicles are cooler than neighbouring uterine tissue and deep rectal temperatures in lactating dairy cows under heat stress conditions. Temperatures within the pre‐ovulatory follicle, on the uterine adjacent surface and 20 cm deep within rectum, were measured using fine thermistor probes within 45 min after sunrise (dawn). Cows were selected from synchronized groups for fixed‐time insemination during the warm period of the year. Five cows under direct sun radiation and 11 cows in the shade were included in the study. None of the cows in the sun area ovulated within 24 hr, whereas 10 of the 11 cows in the sun area ovulated. Four of the 10 ovulating cows became pregnant. In the ovulating cows, follicular temperatures were 0.74 and 1.54°C significantly cooler than uterine surface and rectal temperatures, respectively, whereas temperatures in the uterine area were 0.80°C significantly cooler than rectal temperatures. No significant differences among temperatures were found in non‐ovulating cows. Follicular size was similar for ovulating and non‐ovulating cows. Environmental temperatures in the shade area were 6.4°C significantly lower than those in the sun area. Results of this study indicate that pre‐ovulatory follicles are cooler than neighbouring uterine tissue and deep rectal temperatures and those temperature gradients were not found in cows suffering ovulation failure.
Distribution of mast cells in the feline ovary in various phases of the oestrous cycle
Authors: Hamouzova P , Cizek P , Novotny R , Bartoskova A , Tichy F 
Published: February 2017

ContentsThis study is the first description of the distribution of mast cells in various phases of the oestrous cycle in the ovary of cat. Furthermore, this is the first description in species with an induced ovulation. The aim was to describe the distribution of mast cells and variability of their numbers in the feline ovaries in different phases of the oestrous cycle. The number of mast cells in medulla ovarii was affected by the estradiol and progesterone level in the blood serum because the lowest number was detected in anoestrus when the levels of hormones were basal. Nevertheless, both high and low numbers of mast cells were found in oestrus and dioestrus. To conclude, mast cells seem to be essential for the induction of spontaneous ovulation, but they do not play the same role for ovulation itself in cats with induced ovulation.
Quantitative interrogation of a fossilized carbonate sand body – The Pleistocene Miami oolite of South Florida
Authors: Purkis Sam J. , Harris Paul (Mitch) 
Published: February 2017

AbstractExposures of the Pleistocene Miami oolite in South Florida provide excellent examples of preserved primary sedimentary features and subsequent diagenetic changes of a ‘fossilized’ ooid sand body that has been subaerially exposed in a tropical climate since its deposition during the last interglacial highstand – Marine Isotope Stage 5e. Using a robust airborne light detection and ranging digital terrain model and select outcrops, a detailed analysis of the morphologies and dimensions of the different portions of the Miami oolite was conducted. The sand body, extending 95 km north to south and approximately 15 km wide, consists of shoals (or bars) separated by tidal channels and is partly bounded on the ocean‐facing side by a prograding barrier bar that collectively cover an area of approximately 1000 sq. km. Results of the quantitative interrogation of the Miami oolite are compared with those of previously published work from modern sand bodies on Great Bahama Bank including the Exumas, Schooners Cays and Tongue of the Ocean. Digital terrain models developed for these modern sand bodies on the Great Bahama Bank and the ancient Miami oolite were used as the basis for the definition of shoals, shoal crests (peaks) and channels which were examined with respect to their size, shape and orientation. The Exumas sand body is the best morphometric match when analysing the bars and the channels, and the Joulter Cays area is an analogue for the formation of the barrier bar and for burrow reworking of cross‐bedding within stabilized sand shoals. The Exumas is a particularly compelling analogue for the Miami oolite with respect to length and overall visual comparison between the morphologies of the sand bodies, shoal (or bar) shape, number of tidal channels, channel length and width, and high areas parallel to the strike trend of the sand body (islands in the Exumas and possible islands as part of the Miami oolite barrier bar). Despite ca 115 kyr of subaerial exposure and meteoric diagenesis including karst, the morphology of the Miami oolite is still relatively intact to the point where it can be easily analysed and meaningful comparisons to modern systems can be made. The Miami oolite serves as a key reference example for comparison to Holocene sand units in the Bahamas – it validates the concept of comparative sedimentology and in particular emphasizes how results from the modern can improve the interpretation of a fossilized example.
Friendship, Depression, and Suicide Attempts in Adults: Exploratory Analysis of a Longitudinal Follow‐Up Study
Authors: Marver Julia E. , Galfalvy Hanga C. , Burke Ainsley K. , Sublette M. Elizabeth , Oquendo Maria A. , Mann J. John , Grunebaum Michael F. 
Published: February 2017

Social support is thought to protect against the risk of suicidal behavior in young people and late life, but less is known about the role of friendship in adults. We explored the effect of friendship on suicide attempt risk during 1‐year follow‐up of 132 adults presenting with major depressive episode (MDE). Items from the Social Adjustment Scale–Self‐Report were used as an index of frequency and quality of recent friendship contacts. Survival methods tested associations of friendship with risk of suicide attempt, recurrent MDE, and related outcomes during follow‐up. Impaired friendship predicted greater risk of suicide attempt in an unadjusted Cox model. This association was stronger for quality (p = .009) than frequency (p = .081) of friendship contacts. In the adjusted model, the effect of friendship on suicide attempts was largely explained by self‐reported depression severity. Friendship has a potentially bidirectional relationship with depression, and its effect on suicidal behavior appears to occur through its relationship with depression. Future research should examine the effect of antidepressant treatment on friendship and be designed to test mediation models of relationships between friendship, depression, and suicidal behavior.
Relative analytical sensitivity of donor nucleic acid amplification technology screening and diagnostic real‐time polymerase chain reaction assays for detection of Zika virus RNA
Authors: Stone Mars , Lanteri Marion C. , Bakkour Sonia , Deng Xutao , Galel Susan A. , Linnen Jeffrey M. , Muñoz‐Jordán Jorge L. , Lanciotti Robert S. , Rios Maria , Gallian Pierre , Musso Didier , Levi José E. , Sabino Ester C. , Coffey Lark L. , Busch Michael P. 
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUNDZika virus (ZIKV) has spread rapidly in the Pacific and throughout the Americas and is associated with severe congenital and adult neurologic outcomes. Nucleic acid amplification technology (NAT) assays were developed for diagnostic applications and for blood donor screening on high‐throughput NAT systems. We distributed blinded panels to compare the analytical performance of blood screening relative to diagnostic NAT assays.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSA 25‐member, coded panel (11 half‐log dilutions of a 2013 French Polynesia ZIKV isolate and 2015 Brazilian donor plasma implicated in transfusion transmission, and 3 negative controls) was sent to 11 laboratories that performed 17 assays with 2 to 12 replicates per panel member. Results were analyzed for the percentage reactivity at each dilution and by probit analysis to estimate the 50% and 95% limits of detection (LOD50 and LOD95, respectively).RESULTSDonor‐screening NAT assays that process approximately 500 µL of plasma into amplification reactions were comparable in sensitivity (LOD50 and LOD95, 2.5 and 15‐18 copies/mL) and were approximately 10‐fold to 100‐fold more sensitive than research laboratory‐developed and diagnostic reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction tests that process from 10 to 30 µL of plasma per amplification. Increasing sample input volume assayed with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction assays increased the LODs by 10‐fold to 30‐fold.CONCLUSIONSBlood donor‐screening ZIKV NAT assays demonstrate similar excellent sensitivities to assays currently used for screening for transfusion‐transmitted viruses and are substantially more sensitive than most other laboratory‐developed and diagnostic ZIKV reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction assays. Enhancing sensitivities of laboratory‐developed and diagnostic assays may be achievable by increasing sample input.
Prolactin regulation of oxytocin neurone activity in pregnancy and lactation
Authors: Augustine Rachael A. , Ladyman Sharon R. , Bouwer Gregory T. , Alyousif Yousif , Sapsford Tony J. , Scott Victoria , Kokay Ilona C. , Grattan David R. , Brown Colin H. 
Published: February 2017

Key points
During lactation, prolactin promotes milk synthesis and oxytocin stimulates milk ejection.
In virgin rats, prolactin inhibits the activity of oxytocin‐secreting neurones.
We found that prolactin inhibition of oxytocin neurone activity is lost in lactation, and that some oxytocin neurones were excited by prolactin in lactating rats.
The change in prolactin regulation of oxytocin neurone activity was not associated with a change in activation of intracellular signalling pathways known to couple to prolactin receptors.
The change in prolactin regulation of oxytocin neurone activity in lactation might allow coordinated activation of both populations of neurones when required for successful lactation.
AbstractSecretion of prolactin for milk synthesis and oxytocin for milk secretion is required for successful lactation. In virgin rats, prolactin inhibits oxytocin neurones but this effect would be counterproductive during lactation when secretion of both hormones is required for synthesis and delivery of milk to the newborn. Hence, we determined the effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) prolactin on oxytocin neurones in urethane‐anaesthetised virgin, pregnant and lactating rats. Prolactin (2 μg) consistently inhibited oxytocin neurones in virgin and pregnant rats (by 1.9 ± 0.4 and 1.8 ± 0.5 spikes s−1, respectively), but not in lactating rats; indeed, prolactin excited six of 27 oxytocin neurones by >1 spike s−1 in lactating rats but excited none in virgin or pregnant rats (χ22 = 7.2, P = 0.03). Vasopressin neurones were unaffected by prolactin (2 μg) in virgin rats but were inhibited by 1.1 ± 0.2 spikes s−1 in lactating rats. Immunohistochemistry showed that i.c.v. prolactin increased oxytocin expression in virgin and lactating rats and increased signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 phosphorylation to a similar extent in oxytocin neurones of virgin and lactating rats. Western blotting showed that i.c.v. prolactin did not affect phosphorylation of extracellular regulated kinase 1 or 2, or of Akt in the supraoptic or paraventricular nuclei of virgin or lactating rats. Hence, prolactin inhibition of oxytocin neurones is lost in lactation, which might allow concurrent elevation of prolactin secretion from the pituitary gland and activation of oxytocin neurones for synthesis and delivery of milk to the newborn.
Oligonucleotide-Lipid Conjugates Forming G-Quadruplex Structures Are Potent and Pangenotypic Hepatitis C Virus Entry Inhibitors
In Vitro
and
Ex Vivo
Authors: Koutsoudakis George , Paris de León Alexia , Herrera Carolina , Dorner Marcus , Pérez-Vilaró Gemma , Lyonnais Sébastien , Grijalvo Santiago , Eritja Ramon , Meyerhans Andreas , Mirambeau Gilles , Díez Juana 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

A hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic affecting HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) is expanding worldwide. In spite of the improved cure rates obtained with the new direct-acting antiviral drug (DAA) combinations, the high rate of reinfection within this population calls urgently for novel preventive interventions. In this study, we determined in cell culture and
ex vivo
experiments with human colorectal tissue that lipoquads, G-quadruplex DNA structures fused to cholesterol, are efficient HCV pangenotypic entry and cell-to-cell transmission inhibitors. Thus, lipoquads may be promising candidates for the development of rectally applied gels to prevent HCV transmission.
Draft Genome Sequence of an Isolate of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
melongenae
, the Causal Agent of
Fusarium
Wilt of Eggplant
Authors: Dong Zhangyong , Hsiang Tom , Luo Mei , Xiang Meimei 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the genome sequence of an isolate (14004) of
Fusarium oxysporum
f. sp.
melongenae
, an eggplant pathogen. The final assembly consists of 1,631 scaffolds with 53,986,354 bp (G+C content, 46.4%) and 16,485 predicted genes.
First Complete Genome Sequence of Marinilactibacillus piezotolerans Strain 15R, a Marine Lactobacillus Isolated from Coal-Bearing Sediment 2.0 Kilometers below the Seafloor, Determined by PacBio Single-Molecule Real-Time Technology
Authors: Wei Yuli , Cao Junwei , Fang Jiasong , Kato Chiaki , Cui Weicheng 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Marinilactibacillus piezotolerans
strain 15R is a facultatively anaerobic heterotrophic lactobacillus isolated from deep marine subsurface sediment nearly 2 km below the seafloor in the northwestern Pacific. We report here the first whole-genome sequence of strain 15R. The identified genome sequence has 2,767,908 bp, 35.4% G+C content, and predicted 2,552 candidate protein-coding sequences, with no identified plasmids.
Draft Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus cohnii subsp.
urealyticus
Isolated from a Healthy Dog
Authors: Bean David C. , Wigmore Sarah M. , Wareham David W. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus cohnii
subsp.
urealyticus
strain SW120 was isolated from the ear swab of a healthy dog. The isolate is resistant to methicillin and fusidic acid. The SW120 draft genome is 2,805,064 bp and contains 2,667 coding sequences, including 58 tRNAs and nine complete rRNA coding regions.
Complete Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa FA-HZ1, an Efficient Dibenzofuran-Degrading Bacterium
Authors: Ali Fawad , Hu Haiyang , Xu Ping , Tang Hongzhi 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas
sp. FA-HZ1, an efficient dibenzofuran-degrading bacterium, was isolated from landfill leachate. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of strain FA-HZ1, which contains only one circular chromosome. The complete genome sequence will be essential for revealing the molecular mechanisms of dibenzofuran degradation.
Impact of a type 2 diabetes diagnosis on mental health, quality of life, and social contacts: a longitudinal study
Authors: Feng Xiaoqi , Astell-Burt Thomas 
Published: February 2017

AimsThe aim was to examine whether a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) diagnosis increases the odds of psychological distress, a worsening in overall quality of life, and a potential reduction in social contacts.MethodLongitudinal data were obtained from the 45 and Up Study (baseline 2006–2008; 3.4±0.95 years follow-up time). Fixed effects logistic and negative binomial regression models were fitted on a complete case on outcome sample that did not report T2DM at baseline (N=26 344), adjusted for time-varying confounders. The key exposure was doctor-diagnosed T2DM at follow-up. Outcome variables examined included the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, self-rated quality of life, and four indicators of social contacts.ResultsA modest increase in the odds of psychological distress associated with T2DM diagnosis (OR=1.30) was not statistically significant (95% CI 0.75 to 2.25). A T2DM diagnosis was associated with a fivefold increase in the odds of a participant reporting that their quality of life had become significantly poorer (OR 5.49, 95% CI 1.26 to 23.88). T2DM diagnosis was also associated with a reduction in times spent with friends and family (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.95), contacts by telephone (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.02), attendance at social clubs or religious groups (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73 to 0.91), and the number of people nearby but outside the home that participants felt they could rely on (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.86 to 0.98).ConclusionsA T2DM diagnosis can have important impacts on quality of life and on social contacts, which may have negative impacts on mental health and T2DM management in the longer term.
Using in vivo corneal confocal microscopy to identify diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy risk profiles in patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Lewis Evan J H , Perkins Bruce A , Lovblom Lief E , Bazinet Richard P , Wolever Thomas M S , Bril Vera 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveDiabetic sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy (DSP) is the most prevalent complication in diabetes mellitus. Identifying DSP risk is essential for intervening early in the natural history of the disease. Small nerve fibers are affected earliest in the disease progression and evidence of this damage can be identified using in vivo corneal confocal microscopy (IVCCM).Research design and methodsWe applied IVCCM to a cohort of 40 patients with type 1 diabetes to identify their DSP risk profile. We measured standard IVCCM parameters including corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL), and performed nerve conduction studies and quantitative sensory testing.Results40 patients (53% female), with a mean age of 48±14, BMI 28.1±5.8, and diabetes duration of 27±18 years were enrolled between March 2014 and June 2015. Mean IVCCM CNFL was 12.0±5.2 mm/mm2(normal ≥15 mm/mm2). Ten patients (26%) without DSP were identified as being at risk of future DSP with mean CNFL 11.0±2.1 mm/mm2. Six patients (15%) were at low risk of future DSP with mean CNFL 19.0±4.6 mm/mm2, while 23 (59%) had established DSP with mean CNFL 10.5±4.5 mm/mm2.ConclusionsIVCCM can be used successfully to identify the risk profile for DSP in patients with type 1 diabetes. This methodology may prove useful to classify patients for DSP intervention clinical trials.
Development, implementation and evaluation of a terminal and hospice care educational online module for preclinical students
Authors: Tse Chung Sang , Ellman Matthew S 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesTo explore the application of an online learning tool to teach preclinical medical students terminal and hospice care in a blended curricula.MethodsWe created and evaluated a 30 min interactive online module at the Yale School of Medicine. Second-year medical students were randomly assigned to complete the online module or not (control group) prior to attending a required half-day hospice clinical experience. We assessed the students' knowledge and attitudes with a 23-item survey.Results152 students (response rate 51%) participated in this study from 2012 to 2014. 56% (n=85) completed the online module, 37% (n=56) did not and 7% (n=11) did not indicate whether they had completed the module or not. Students who completed the online module prior to the hospice experience scored higher (p<0.05, two-way analysis of variance) on 5 out of 8 of the multiple choice questions pertaining to hospice and palliative care, but their attitudes were similar to those who did not complete the online module. Overall, the students felt somewhat uncomfortable caring for dying patients although they regarded it as a physician's duty and felt that palliative/hospice care education is important in medical school.ConclusionsWhen combined with a mentored clinical hospice experience, an online module appears to enhance the teaching of the dying process and terminal care for preclinical medical students. This online module may prove useful for other institutions.