bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenolic and Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Daphne Blagayana Growing in Serbia
Authors: Manojlovic Nedeljko , Sovrlic Miroslav , Maskovic Pavle , Vasiljevic Perica , Juskovic Marina 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Th e aim of this study was to examine the phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities of methanol and chloroform extracts of leaves and twigs of Daphne blagayana. Th e total phenolic content in the chloroform extract of plant twigs (90.26 ± 0.69 mg GA/g) was higher than that of the other extracts (from 76.56±0.89 to 77.45±0.43 mg GA/g). In the case of flavonoids, a greater value was also obtained for the chloroform extract of twigs (35.24±0.55 mg RU/g). Several diff erent methods were used to determine the antioxidant activity of the tested extracts, including total antioxidant capacity, metal chelating activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and inhibitory activity against lipid peroxidation. Our results showed that although secondary metabolites of the plants may contribute significantly to their antioxidant activities, those antioxidant activities were not directly related to the phenolic and flavonoid amounts. Th e results of the present analysis demonstrated, for the first time, that Daphne blagayana leaves and twigs possess high phenolic and flavonoid contents, as well as potential antioxidant activity. Th is study suggests that Daphne blagayana twigs and leaves may potentially be used as an accessible source of natural antioxidants.
Prescribing Antipsychotics in Montenegro: a Focus Group Analysis
Authors: Ilickovic Ivana , Jankovic Slobodan M. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Background. Although prescribing antipsychotics to patients with schizophrenia is advised by national and/or international evidence-based practice guidelines, the implementation of the guidelines in clinical practice is still matter of concern.
Objective. The aim of our study was to estimate schizophrenia guideline adherence and identify eventual barriers to its implementation in Montenegro.
Method. This study used focus group methodology. The focus group was composed of two psychiatrists, one psychologist, one pharmacist from a community pharmacy, one pharmacist from the State reimbursement fund, one pharmacist from a drug wholesaler and the chief investigator, a clinical pharmacologist. The focus group took place in Podgorica, Montenegro, in 2013. The analysis of recordings was performed using an iterative, qualitative technique and a constant comparison method.
Results. The most important barriers to the implementation of evidence-based guidelines for the treatment of schizophrenia in Montenegro are non-adherence to medication, low level of psychiatrist-patient concordance, restrictive procedures for prescribing atypical antipsychotics, lack of availability of newer antipsychotics and some dosage forms, and mixing primary, secondary and tertiary care services within a tertiary care psychiatric institution.
Conclusion. Addressing the barriers identified by this focus group and avoiding the consequences of poor adherence would be the first
Grade III Coronary Artery Perforation Following PCI and Unusual Stent Graft Delivery System
Authors: Sreckovic Miodrag , Jagic Nikola , Miloradovic Vladimir , Tasic Mladen , Nikolic Dusan 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Coronary perforations are rare but vicious complications of PCI procedures. Ellis type III coronary artery perforation represents the most severe form and demands an urgent solution. It is often necessary to perform pericardiocentesis and utilizise multiple interventional techniques to seal the perforation. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-covered stent implantation has become one of the most frequently used percutaneous solutions, but disadvantages of this intervention are its high profile and low device flexibility. In our case, we attempted to improve the deliverability of the PTFE stent graft alone by mounting it on a bare metal stent used as a stent graft carrier.
Pituitary Hormone-producing Cells After Estradiol Application in Rat Models of Menopause
Authors: Milošević Verica , Ajdžanović Vladimir 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Female ageing represents the biological process of structural and functional changes in endocrine cells and tissues, as well as in pituitary hormone-producing cells. In addition to the hypothalamic releasing hormones, estradiol plays a significant role in the regulation of the synthesis/secretion of pituitary hormones and is still used therapeutically for menopausal symptoms. The effects of ageing or ovariectomy and synthetic estradiol application under these circumstances were evaluated in pituitary hormone-producing cells of female rats (animal models of menopause); i.e., the following cells were observed: gonadotropes (FSH and LH), thyrotropes (TSH), somatotropes (GH), mammotropes (PRL) and corticotropes (ACTH). The cells were immunostained and histologically analysed. The ELISA method was used for hormonal analyses. Ageing was found to cause diverse, commonly reductive changes regarding the volume, number and secretion of menopausal rat pituitary hormone- producing cells, except for PRL cells that exhibit significantly increased numbers and intensified secretion. After the treatment of middle-aged female rats wiThestradiol, the absolute and relative pituitary weights significantly increased in comparison with the control females. Histological parameters such as the cell and volume density of PRL and ACThcells were significantly increased compared with the control values. The mentioned parameters of FSH, LH, GH, and occasionally TSH cells after estradiol treatment significantly decreased in comparison with the controls. The corresponding hormone levels followed the changes in the histological parameters. These data indicate that the application of estradiol to menopausal females may specifically, in two directions, modify the histological characteristics and secretory activities of different pituitary-hormone producing cells..
Protein and Lipid Concentrations in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Treated with Radioactive Iodine-131 / Koncentracija Proteina I Lipida Kod Pacijenata Sa Diferentovanim Karcinomom Štitaste Žlezde Koji Su Lečeni Radioaktivnim Jodom-131
Authors: Mihaljevic Olgica , Radivojevic Snezana , Djukic Svetlana , Teodorovic Ljiljana Mijatovic , Kostic Irena , Jeftic Ilija , Simonovic Snezana Zivancevic 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Short-term, overt hypothyroidism in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) before radioiodine (131-I) therapy might be accompanied by a number of metabolic changes, including altered protein and lipid metabolism. Protein concentrations and their relationship to lipids in the serum of DTC patients have not been fully elucidated. The aim of our study was to evaluate the protein and lipid concentrations in 24 DTC patients before and 3 and 7 days after 131-I therapy compared with those of 20 healthy control subjects. After radioiodine therapy, the mean protein concentration (78.71 ± 6.71 g/L vs. 87.16 ± 6.04 g/L; p = 0.003) and cholesterol level (8.12 ± 2.13 mmol/L vs. 8.84 ± 2.09 mmol/L; p = 0.001) were lower 3 days after therapy; this persisted up to 7 days after therapy, whereas triglyceride concentrations were higher 3 days after therapy (2.44 ± 1.07 mmol/L vs. 2.26 ± 1.08 mmol/L; p = 0.041) and returned towards the pretreatment values at 7 days after 131-I therapy. There was an indirect correlation between the protein and triglyceride concentrations 3 days after 131-I therapy in patients over 50 years old (Spearman’s r = - 0.583, p = 0.048) but not in patients under 50 years old (Pearson’s r = - 0.277, p = 0.384). Radioiodine therapy of DTC patients led to decreased serum protein and cholesterol concentrations, accompanied by increased triglyceride levels; these changes were especially evident in older subjects with metastases.
Correlation Between Cervical Cytology and Histopathological Cervical Biopsy Findings According to the Bethesda System / Stepen Korelacije Cervikalne Citologije Po Bethesda Klasifikaciji Sa Patohistološkim Nalazima Cervikalne Biopsije
Authors: Sosic Gordana M , Babic Goran , Dimitrijevic Aleksandra , Mitrovic Slobodanka , Varjacic Mirjana 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
The Pap test (Pap smear) is a morphological cytodiagnostic test that reveals premorbid and early stages of cervical cancer through the use of cervicovaginal cytology.
The present study was conducted at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center Kragujevac, from January 01, 2013, to December 1, 2013, with patients who were part of the national screening program and who used a secondary cytological examination (Pap test) performed using a conventional method.
The patients were grouped according to the results of a Pap smear and histopathological findings. The classification of cytological smears was performed in accordance with the Bethesda system. The hypotheses established in this study were statistically tested.
The greatest number of cytological findings was NILM. However, the most frequent abnormal cytological findings in terms of percentage were ASC-US. After secondary cervical findings of 8.1% of the total number of women, biopsies were performed. In 68.57% of the biopsies performed, CIN was present in all of them, with the most frequent ones being LSIL (50.6%), HSIL (10.4%) and CA Invasiva (0.5%). This study, using the X2 test, confirmed that cervical cytology and biopsy results are dependent features (sig. = 0.036), between which there is a medium association (Cramer’s V = 0.176). In the ASC-US cytological findings, small percentages of CIN1 and CIN2 were detected. Cervical cytology in this study presented high sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value. As a relatively inexpensive, painless and easily approachable method, cervical cytology fully substantiates its implementation in diagnostic procedures as well as in organized screening programs.
Dissecting pseudoaneurysms: predictors of symptom occurrence, enlargement, clinical outcome, and treatment
Authors: Daou Badih , Hammer Christine , Chalouhi Nohra , Starke Robert M. , Jabbour Pascal , Rosenwasser Robert H. , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula 
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE
Dissection of the carotid and vertebral arteries can result in the development of aneurysmal dilations. These dissecting pseudoaneurysms can enlarge and cause symptoms. The objective of this study is to provide insight into the progression of dissecting pseudoaneurysms and the treatments required to manage them.

METHODS
A review of the electronic medical records was conducted to detect patients with carotid and vertebral artery dissection. An imaging review was conducted to identify patients with dissecting pseudoaneurysms. One hundred twelve patients with 120 dissecting pseudoaneurysms were identified. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to assess the factors associated with undergoing further interventions other than medical treatment, pseudoaneurysm enlargement, pseudoaneurysms resulting in ischemic and nonischemic symptoms, and clinical outcome.

RESULTS
Overall, 18.3% of pseudoaneurysms were intracranial and 81.7% were extracranial, and the average size was 7.3 mm. The mean follow-up time was 29.3 months; 3.3% of patients had a recurrent transient ischemic attack, no patients had a recurrent stroke, and 14.2% of patients had recurrence of nonischemic symptoms (headache, neck pain, Horner syndrome, or cranial nerve palsy). Follow-up imaging demonstrated that 13.8% of pseudoaneurysms had enlarged, 30.2% had healed, and 56% had remained stable. In total, 20.8% of patients had an intervention other than medical treatment. Interventions included stenting, coiling, flow diversion, and clipping. Predictors of intervention included increasing size, size > 10 mm, location in the C2 (petrous) segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA), younger age, hyperlipidemia, pseudoaneurysm enlargement, and any symptom development. Significant predictors of enlargement included smoking, history of trauma, C2 location, hyperlipidemia, and larger initial pseudoaneurysm size. Predictors of pseudoaneurysm resulting in recurrent ischemic and nonischemic symptoms included increasing size and location in the petrous segment of the ICA. Smoking was a predictor of unfavorable outcome.

CONCLUSIONS
Dissecting pseudoaneurysms have a benign course and most will not cause symptoms or enlarge on follow-up. Medical treatment can be a sufficient, initial treatment for dissecting pseudoaneurysms.
Stability of hearing preservation and regeneration capacity of the cochlear nerve following vestibular schwannoma surgery via a retrosigmoid approach
Authors: Scheller Christian , Wienke Andreas , Tatagiba Marcos , Gharabaghi Alireza , Ramina Kristofer F. , Ganslandt Oliver , Bischoff Barbara , Matthies Cordula , Westermaier Thomas , Antoniadis Gregor , Pedro Maria Teresa , Rohde Veit , von Eckardstein Kajetan , Kretschmer Thomas , Zenk Johannes , Strauss Christian 
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this research was to examine the stability of long-term hearing preservation and the regeneration capacity of the cochlear nerve following vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery in a prospective study.

METHODS
A total of 112 patients were recruited for a randomized multicenter trial between January 2010 and April 2012 to investigate the efficacy of prophylactic nimodipine treatment versus no prophylactic nimodipine treatment in VS surgery. For the present investigation, both groups were pooled to compare hearing abilities in the early postoperative course and 1 year after the surgery. Hearing was examined using pure-tone audiometry with speech discrimination, which was performed preoperatively, in the early postoperative course, and 12 months after surgery and was subsequently classified by an independent otorhinolaryngologist using the Gardner-Robertson classification system.

RESULTS
Hearing abilities at 2 time points were compared by evaluation in the early postoperative course and 1 year after surgery in 102 patients. The chi-square test showed a very strong association between the 2 measurements in all 102 patients (p < 0.001) and in the subgroup of 66 patients with a preserved cochlear nerve (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
There is no significant change in cochlear nerve function between the early postoperative course and 1 year after VS surgery. The result of hearing performance, as evaluated by early postoperative audiometry after VS surgery, seems to be a reliable prognosticator for future hearing ability.
Clinical trial registration nos.: 2009-012088-32 (clinicaltrialsregister.eu) and DRKS 00000328 (“AkNiPro,” drks-neu.uniklinik-freiburg.de/drks_web/)
Surgical results of cranioplasty with a polymethylmethacrylate customized cranial implant in pediatric patients: a single-center experience
Authors: Fiaschi Pietro , Pavanello Marco , Imperato Alessia , Dallolio Villiam , Accogli Andrea , Capra Valeria , Consales Alessandro , Cama Armando , Piatelli Gianluca 
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE
Cranioplasty is a reconstructive procedure used to restore skull anatomy and repair skull defects. Optimal skull reconstruction is a challenge for neurosurgeons, and the strategy used to achieve the best result remains a topic of debate, especially in pediatric patients for whom the continuing skull growth makes the choice of material more difficult. When the native bone flap, which is universally accepted as the preferred option in pediatric patients, is unavailable, the authors' choice of prosthetic material is a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) implant designed using a custom-made technique. In this paper the authors present the results of their clinical series of 12 custom-made PMMA implants in pediatric patients.

METHODS
A retrospective study of the patients who had undergone cranioplasty at Gaslini Children's Hospital between 2006 and 2013 was conducted. A total of 12 consecutive cranioplasties in 12 patients was reviewed, in which a patient-specific PMMA implant was manufactured using a virtual 3D model and then transformed into a physical model using selective laser sintering or 3D printing. All patients or parents were administered a questionnaire to assess how the patient/parent judged the aesthetic result.

RESULTS
Patient age at craniectomy ranged from 5 months to 12.5 years, with a mean age of 84.33 months at cranioplasty. The mean extension of the custom-made plastic was 56.83 cm2. The mean time between craniectomy and cranioplasty was 9.25 months. The mean follow-up duration was 55.7 months. No major complications were recorded; 3 patients experienced minor/moderate complications (prosthesis dislocation, granuloma formation, and fluid collection).

CONCLUSIONS
In this patient series, PMMA resulted in an extremely low complication rate and the custom-made technique was associated with an excellent grade of patient or parent satisfaction on long-term follow up.
Utility of arterial spin labeling perfusion magnetic resonance imaging in prediction of angiographic vascularity of meningiomas
Authors: Yoo Roh-Eul , Yun Tae Jin , Cho Young Dae , Rhim Jung Hyo , Kang Koung Mi , Choi Seung Hong , Kim Ji-hoon , Kim Jeong Eun , Kang Hyun-Seung , Sohn Chul-Ho , Park Sun-Won , Han Moon Hee 
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE
Arterial spin labeling perfusion-weighted imaging (ASL-PWI) enables quantification of tissue perfusion without contrast media administration. The aim of this study was to explore whether cerebral blood flow (CBF) from ASL-PWI can reliably predict angiographic vascularity of meningiomas.

METHODS
Twenty-seven patients with intracranial meningiomas, who had undergone preoperative ASL-PWI and digital subtraction angiography prior to resection, were included. Angiographic vascularity was assessed using a 4-point grading scale and meningiomas were classified into 2 groups: low vascularity (Grades 0 and 1; n = 11) and high vascularity (Grades 2 and 3; n = 16). Absolute CBF, measured at the largest section of the tumor, was normalized to the contralateral gray matter. Correlation between the mean normalized CBF (nCBF) and angiographic vascularity was determined and the mean nCBF values of the 2 groups were compared. Diagnostic performance of the nCBF for differentiating between the 2 groups was assessed.

RESULTS
The nCBF had a significant positive correlation with angiographic vascularity (ρ = 0.718; p < 0.001). The high-vascularity group had a significantly higher nCBF than the low-vascularity group (3.334 ± 2.768 and 0.909 ± 0.468, respectively; p = 0.003). At the optimal nCBF cutoff value of 1.733, sensitivity and specificity for the differential diagnosis of the 2 groups were 69% (95% CI 41%–89%) and 100% (95% CI 72%–100%), respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.875 (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
ASL-PWI may provide a reliable and noninvasive means of predicting angiographic vascularity of meningiomas. It may thus assist in selecting potential candidates for preoperative digital subtraction angiography and embolization in clinical practice.
Evolutionary potential for increased invasiveness: High‐Performance Polygonum cespitosum genotypes are competitively superior in full sun
Authors: Corliss Caleb T. , Sultan Sonia E. 
Published: January 2016

PREMISE OF STUDY:The presence of genetic variation for traits that contribute to ecological range expansion can provide the potential for introduced taxa to evolve greater invasiveness. Genotypes that contribute to the spread of introduced range populations must have the ability to maintain fitness under changing environmental stress and competitive intensity. Previously, we identified a subset of genotypes in populations of the invasive annual Polygonum cespitosum that express consistently high reproductive fitness in diverse (shaded, dry, and resource‐rich) conditions. Here, we investigated whether these broadly adaptive (High‐Performance) genotypes also show a competitive advantage over conspecifics in full sun and/or shade.METHODS:We grew a population‐balanced sample of 13 High‐Performance and 13 ‘Control’ genotypes in intraspecific competitive arrays, comprising all four possible combinations of High‐Performance vs. Control target plants and competitive backgrounds, in both full sun and shaded glasshouse environments.KEY RESULTS:In full sun, High‐Performance genotypes (1) better maintained growth and reproductive output despite competition and (2) more strongly suppressed growth and reproduction of target plants. However, genotypes did not differ significantly in shade.CONCLUSIONS:Competitive superiority in open conditions may contribute to increasing predominance of these broadly adapted genotypes in introduced‐range Polygonum cespitosum populations, and hence to the evolution of greater invasiveness. This study provides insight into the role of genotypic variation for ecological traits in the range expansion of a contemporary plant invader. It also highlights how such variation can be differently expressed in alternative environments (gene by environment interaction).
ELECTRON-CAPTURE AND β-DECAY RATES FOR sd-SHELL NUCLEI IN STELLAR ENVIRONMENTS RELEVANT TO HIGH-DENSITY O–NE–MG CORES
Authors: Suzuki Toshio , Toki Hiroshi , Nomoto Ken’ichi 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Electron-capture and β-decay rates for nuclear pairs in the sd-shell are evaluated at high densities and high temperatures relevant to the final evolution of electron-degenerate O–Ne–Mg cores of stars with initial masses of 8–10 M
⊙. Electron capture induces a rapid contraction of the electron-degenerate O–Ne–Mg core. The outcome of rapid contraction depends on the evolutionary changes in the central density and temperature, which are determined by the competing processes of contraction, cooling, and heating. The fate of the stars is determined by these competitions, whether they end up with electron-capture supernovae or Fe core-collapse supernovae. Since the competing processes are induced by electron capture and β-decay, the accurate weak rates are crucially important. The rates are obtained for pairs with A = 20, 23, 24, 25, and 27 by shell-model calculations in the sd-shell with the USDB Hamiltonian. Effects of Coulomb corrections on the rates are evaluated. The rates for pairs with A = 23 and 25 are important for nuclear Urca processes that determine the cooling rate of the O–Ne–Mg core, while those for pairs with A = 20 and 24 are important for the core contraction and heat generation rates in the core. We provide these nuclear rates at stellar environments in tables with fine enough meshes at various densities and temperatures for studies of astrophysical processes sensitive to the rates. In particular, the accurate rate tables are crucially important for the final fates of not only O–Ne–Mg cores but also a wider range of stars, such as C–O cores of lower-mass stars.
THREE PLANETS ORBITING WOLF 1061
Authors: Wright D. J. , Wittenmyer R. A. , Tinney C. G. , Bentley J. S. , Zhao Jinglin 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
We use archival HARPS spectra to detect three planets orbiting the M3 dwarf Wolf 1061 (GJ 628). We detect a 1.36 M
⊕ minimum-mass planet with an orbital period P = 4.888 days (Wolf 1061b), a 4.25 M
⊕ minimum-mass planet with orbital period P = 17.867 days (Wolf 1061c), and a likely 5.21 M
⊕ minimum-mass planet with orbital period P = 67.274 days (Wolf 1061d). All of the planets are of sufficiently low mass that they may be rocky in nature. The 17.867 day planet falls within the habitable zone for Wolf 1061 and the 67.274 day planet falls just outside the outer boundary of the habitable zone. There are no signs of activity observed in the bisector spans, cross-correlation FWHMs, calcium H & K indices, NaD indices, or Hα indices near the planetary periods. We use custom methods to generate a cross-correlation template tailored to the star. The resulting velocities do not suffer the strong annual variation observed in the HARPS DRS velocities. This differential technique should deliver better exploitation of the archival HARPS data for the detection of planets at extremely low amplitudes.