bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ameliorative effects of 24-epibrassinolide on shoot organogenesis inhibition occurring under NaCl-stressed conditions in cultures of cotyledon and hypocotyl explants of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
Authors: Yılmaz-Gokdogan Emel , Burun Betul 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this study, possible effects of 24-epibrassinolide (24-epiBL) pretreatment against NaCl stress were investigated usingin vitroshoot organogenesis from cotyledon and hypocotyl explants in M-28 tomato hybrid cultivar. The cotyledon and hypocotyl explants of 10-day sterile seedlings were treated with 1 μM and 2 μM 24-epiBL solutions (prepared with 70% acetone) for 30 seconds and applied explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) + NaCl (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mM). It was determined that the regeneration percentage as well as the shoot number/explant, the shoot length and the leaf number/shoot derived from both explants suffered NaCl stress after 30 days. 24-epiBL pretreatment against NaCl stress showed ameliorative effects and hypocotyl explants gave better results than cotyledon explants for these growth parameters. Different stages of shoot organogenesis from hypocotyl explants applied with 24-epiBL under salt stress were observed with scanning electron microscopy. As a result, it was shown that 24-epiBL treatment against NaCl stress may play an effective role in salt tolerance in M-28 tomato hybrid cultivar.
Block Circulant and Toeplitz Structures in the Linearized Hartree–Fock Equation on Finite Lattices: Tensor Approach
Authors: Khoromskaia Venera , Khoromskij Boris N. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This paper introduces and analyzes the new grid-based tensor approach
to approximate solutions of the elliptic eigenvalue problem
for the 3D lattice-structured systems.
We consider the linearized Hartree–Fock equation over a spatial

L
1

×

L
2

×

L
3

{L_{1}\times L_{2}\times L_{3}}

lattice for both periodic and non-periodic problem setting,
discretized in the localized Gaussian-type orbitals basis.
In the periodic case, the Galerkin system matrix obeys a
three-level block-circulant structure that allows the FFT-based diagonalization, while
for the finite extended systems in a box (Dirichlet boundary conditions)
we arrive at the perturbed block-Toeplitz representation providing fast
matrix-vector multiplication and low storage size.
The proposed grid-based tensor techniques manifest the twofold benefits:
(a) the entries of the Fock matrix are computed by 1D operations using
low-rank tensors represented on a 3D grid, (b) in the periodic case the low-rank tensor
structure in the diagonal blocks of the Fock matrix in the Fourier space
reduces the conventional 3D FFT to the product of 1D FFTs.
Lattice type systems in a box with Dirichlet boundary conditions
are treated numerically by our previous tensor solver for single
molecules, which makes possible calculations on rather
large

L
1

×

L
2

×

L
3

{L_{1}\times L_{2}\times L_{3}}

lattices due to reduced numerical cost for 3D problems.
The numerical simulations for both box-type and periodic

L
×
1
×
1

{L\times 1\times 1}

lattice chain in a 3D rectangular “tube” with L up to several hundred
confirm the theoretical complexity bounds for the block-structured
eigenvalue solvers in the limit of large L.
Spectral Analysis, Properties and Nonsingular Preconditioners for Singular Saddle Point Problems
Authors: Huang Na , Ma Chang-Feng , Zou Jun 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We first derive some explicit bounds on the spectra of generalized
non-symmetric singular or nonsingular saddle point matrices. Then we propose two new nonsingular preconditioners for solving generalized singular saddle point problems, and show that GMRES determines a solution without breakdown when applied to the resulting preconditioned systems with any initial guess. Furthermore, the detailed spectral properties of the
preconditioned systems are analyzed. The nonsingular preconditioners are also applied to solve the singular
finite element saddle point systems
arising from the discretization of the Stokes problems to test their performance.
Original paper. Assessment of the need for information about planned gynecologic surgery
Authors: Derewianka-Polak Magdalena , Polak Grzegorz , Bobiński Marcin , Bednarek Wiesława , Kotarski Jan , Makara-Studzińska Marta , Gerhant Aneta , Olajossy Marcin 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The objective of the study was to assess the level of patients' need for information about the planned gynecologic surgery.
Material and Methods. The number of 173 patients preparing to undergo planned gynecological procedure were qualified for the study. The participation in the survey was entirely voluntary. Each patient was asked to fulfill the survey conducted using the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale- APAIS that enables the estimation of the patient’s need for surgery-related information. Furthermore patients’ clinical and demographic data was collected. Results were analyzed using appropriate statistical tools: the Shapiro-Wilk W-test (for distribution of the studied parameters) and the Mann-Whitney U-test (for comparing two independent groups). P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results. It was shown that premenopausal women have a greater need for information about the planned surgery than postmenopausal patients (p<0.05). Patients, who have never been operated, displayed a significantly greater need (p=0.04) for information about their planned surgery in relation to women who have already undergone surgery. The patient’s age, the phase of the menstrual cycle, the education level, the marital status, as well as the preoperative diagnosis and the type of the planned surgery did not affect the level of the preoperative information requirement (p>0.05).
Conclusions. The high level of the need for information about the planned surgery characterizes premenopausal patients and those operated for the first time.
Conversion of Tobacco Biomass to Flavor Components by Means of Microwave and Parr Reactors
Authors: Ara Katayoun Mahdavi , Taylor Larry T. , Coleman William. M. 
Published: June 2017

Summary
In the present work, microwave and Parr reactors were utilized for synthesis of pyrazines from plant-based biomass in the presence of ammonia and different amino acids. Using these techniques led to synthesis of a relatively wide range of pyrazines with sweet odor and chocolate-like smell. The optimum synthetic conditions to have maximum pyrazine yield for both the microwave and Parr reactions were 41 g of fructose/glucose syrup derived from cellulosic biomass, 28 mL NH4OH (30%), and 0.96 g L-threonine, 0.56 g L-valine, 0.5 g L-leucine, and 0.5 g L-isoleucine at 120 °C for 30 min. Quantitative results obtained via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using the traditional open-heated oil bath method have been compared with data obtained via microwave and Parr reactors. In these two latter methods, sealed vessels under high pressure and higher temperature were used. The yield of synthesized pyrazines increased dramatically with both microwave and Parr reactors. Surprisingly, the yield of synthesized pyrazines was both reproducible and nearly two times higher via the Parr reactor than that observed with the microwave reactor under comparable conditions.
Multiplication operators on the space of functions of bounded variation
Authors: Astudillo-Villalba Franklin R. , Ramos-Fernández Julio C. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In this paper,we study the properties of the multiplication operator acting on the bounded variation space BV[0, 1]. In particular,we show the existence of non-null compact multiplication operators on BV[0, 1] and non-invertible Fredholm multiplication operators on BV[0, 1].
Perceptions of personal risk in tourists’ destination choices: nature tours in Mexico
Authors: Osland Gregory E. , Mackoy Robert , McCormick Marleen 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Terrorism, pandemic diseases, and other threatening events have recently heightened the sense of personal risk for tourists considering international travel. This article addresses the paucity of research assessing perceptions of risk both before and during travel to risky destinations. Tourists on two nature tours in Mexico were interviewed and observed while engaged in the travel. Many types of specific perceived risks were uncovered, including insect-borne disease, traffic accidents, financial losses, and unattained goals. Some correlates of perceived risk were tour company reputation, stage of family life cycle, age, and motivation. Based on the types of perceived risk and the factors, five propositions are discussed. One unexpected proposition addresses the role of age and states that as the perceived years of physical ability to travel decreases, the tolerance for safety risk increases. Another proposes that eco-tourists with intense, destination-specific motivations are more tolerant of travel risk than those with casual and/or social motivations. The article concludes with suggestions for tour industry managers and directions for future research.
The Price Elasticity of Specialty Drug Use: Evidence from Cancer Patients in Medicare Part D
Authors: Jung Jeah , Feldman Roger D. , McBean Marshall 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Specialty drugs can bring substantial benefits to patients with debilitating conditions, such as cancer, but their costs are very high. Insurers/payers have increased patient cost-sharing for specialty drugs to manage specialty drug spending. We utilized Medicare Part D plan formulary data to create the initial price (cost-sharing in the initial coverage phase in Part D), and estimated the total demand (both on- and off-label uses) for specialty cancer drugs among elderly Medicare Part D enrollees with no low-income subsidies (non-LIS) as a function of the initial price. We corrected for potential endogeneity associated with plan choice by instrumenting the initial price of specialty cancer drugs with the initial prices of specialty drugs in unrelated classes. We report three findings. First, we found that elderly non-LIS beneficiaries with cancer were less likely to use a Part D specialty cancer drug when the initial price was high: the overall price elasticity of specialty cancer drug spending ranged between −0.72 and −0.75. Second, the price effect in Part D specialty cancer drug use was not significant among newly diagnosed patients. Finally, we found that use of Part B-covered cancer drugs was not responsive to the Part D specialty cancer drug price. As the demand for costly specialty drugs grows, it will be important to identify clinical circumstances where specialty drugs can be valuable and ensure access to high-value treatments.
Influence of type and concentration of sugars, supplemented with 8-hydroxyquinoline sulphate, on the vase life of waxflower
Authors: Dung Cao D. , Seaton Kevin , Singh Zora 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA study was conducted to test the effect of 58.5 mM maltose, glucose, fructose, galactose and sucrose, and sucrose concentrations of 14.6, 29.2, 58.5 and 117.0 mM supplemented with 200 mg L-18-hydroxyquinoline sulphate (HQS) on the vase life and stem fresh weight changes in waxflower (Chamelaucium Desf.). The effect of the interaction between sucrose and HQS concentrations on the vase life of the cultivar ‘Alba’ was also investigated. All the types of exogenous sugar significantly increased the vase life of flowers, but decreased the vase life of leaves of waxflower cultivars compared with the deionized water controls, except the leaves of ‘Lady Stephanie’, ‘Purple Pride’ and ‘Mullering Brook’. The flower vase life of almost all the cultivars treated with sucrose was not significantly different from the life of the cultivars kept in fructose and glucose, except ‘Laura Mae Pearl’, whose flower vase life in sucrose was significantly lower (9.7%) than in fructose. By contrast, the vase life of flowers of the cultivars treated with sucrose was longer than of those in maltose and galactose. At sucrose concentrations of up to 117.0 mM coupled with 200 mg L-1HQS, the flower vase life of six out of eight cultivars significantly increased, except in ‘Laura Mae Pearl’ and ‘Mullering Brook’, whose flower vase life was maximized at the concentrations of 29.2 and 58.5 mM respectively, while the vase life of their leaves decreased. Sucrose concentrations from 14.6 to 29.2 mM coupled with 50 mg L-1HQS maximized vase life for both the flowers and leaves of ‘Alba’. Cultivars with a longer vase life of flowers maintained stem fresh weight above the initial stem fresh weight longer.
The Białowieża Forest – a UNESCO Natural Heritage Site – protection priorities
Authors: Kujawa Anna , Orczewska Anna , Falkowski Michał , Blicharska Malgorzata , Bohdan Adam , Buchholz Lech , Chylarecki Przemysław , Gutowski Jerzy M. , Latałowa Małgorzata , Mysłajek Robert W. , Nowak Sabina , Walankiewicz Wiesław , Zalewska Anna 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDespite the fact that only parts of the Białowieża Forest are protected as a national park and nature reserves, the forest is nevertheless as a whole considered a UNESCO Natural Heritage Site, Biosphere Reserve and an integrated Natura 2000 site. In the presently ongoing debate on the conservation priorities regarding the natural value of this forest and the current bark beetle outbreak, two distinct approaches can be recognized: (1) management assumed to involve considerable interference with the forest ecosystems; (2) maintenance of ecological processes and spontaneous restoration of the forest communities. The Białowieża Forest - especially its strictly protected parts - is a “bastion” where species characteristic of ancient forests (including so-called primeval forest relicts) have survived until today. This has been achieved by maintaining the forest’s complexity in areas with considerably reduced human influence, but most of all by maintaining a full spectrum of forest communities, naturally developing forests diverse in age, species composition and spatial structure including stand dieback and breakdown. The following factors need to be taken into account in the protection of the Natural Heritage Site: (1) the internationally recognized value of the Białowieża Forest including its biodiversity, the level of preservation of forest communities and the ongoing natural processes; (2) existing documents and policies concerning nature conservation; (3) research findings from the Białowieża Forest and other natural forest complexes. The key priority is to limit any activities in this forest to an indispensable minimum, mostly concerning security close to roads and tourist tracks as well as collection of fire wood by locals. Without this strict protection, successive and slow anthropogenic transformation will result in the Białowieża Forest sharing the same fate as other forest complexes of the temperate climate zone in Europe or America and lose its globally appreciated value.
Changes in the stands of the Białowieża National Park from 2000 to 2015
Authors: Miścicki Stanisław 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe aim of the study was to characterise changes in the natural forest of the Białowieża National Park (BNP) Strict Reserve during a 15-year period. To allow for a more precise determination of the time course, overall duration and intensity of the observed changes, the 15-year period was further divided into shorter 2-7-year intervals. Taken together, the Strict Reserve forest stands cover 4584 hectares and they constitute the oldest part of the Białowieża Forest placed under protection in 1921.The measurements were carried out in 2000, 2002, 2004, 2011 and 2015 on 160 permanent sample plots, which are systematically distributed throughout the BNP Strict Reserve. During those 15 years, the volume of merchantable timber and the tree density fluctuated only slightly, because the reduction in standing volume due to a spruce and ash decline was compensated for by an increase in the standing volume of lime, hornbeam and alder. The volume increment and tree loss fluctuated slightly, but were nevertheless similar throughout the whole period between 2000 and 2015. The number of trees in the regeneration layer increased. The number of hornbeam trees in this layer increased continuously throughout the whole measurement period, while the number of maple trees started to increase in the second half. All together only five tree species growing in the BNP Strict Reserve progressed from the regeneration layer to the canopy layer in significant numbers. As a result, a gradual decrease in species diversity of forest stands may be expected.The rather stable, average volume of merchantable timber in the BNP Strict Reserve may be due to the fact that, in a forest with diverse habitats and high species richness, only a few stands are subjected to strong disturbances in a given period of time. Repeated measurements during a relatively short period of time allowed the detecting some fairly quick changes occurring in natural lowland forests.
Research Note. One minute, intraoperative assessment of the viability of hydatid cysts using a simple reagent strip test
Authors: Saftawy E. A. El , El-Aal A. A. Abd , Badawi M. , Attia S. S. , Abdelraouf A. , Shoeib E. Y. , Hassany M. , Mohsen A. , Afife A. A. , Gohar H. , Badr M. S. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThe aim of the current work was to evaluate the possibility of using a rapid and simple reagent strip test to investigate the viability of hydatid cysts intraoperatively, via testing certain biochemical parameters. Thirty eight HCF samples were processed and examined by different methods for determining the viability status. Using the reagent strip test in the current study, the highest significant level of glucose was detected in HCF samples with the highest viability % at pH 7.5 and the lowest significant level of glucose was detected in HCF samples with the lowest viability % at pH 8.5, indicating a likely correlation between glucose concentration and the viability of PSs. On the contrary, protein was not detected in HCF containing viable PSs and was found to be higher in HCF containing non-viable PSs, denoting the possible degenerative processes in such PSs. Haemoglobin was found in trace amounts in all of our samples. In addition, the strip test detected bacterial contamination in 8 samples and biliary leakage in 7 samples. Our results suggest that the simple reagent strip test can assist in providing fast, uncomplicated primary data regarding the viability status of the hydatid cysts. Thus, it may aid the surgeons to make informed decisions for further management and appropriate follow up to minimise the risk of post-operative recurrence.
Research Note. The first helminth study on Brandt’s Persian Lizard Iranolacerta brandtii (De Filippi, 1863) (Squamata: Lacertidae) from Van Province, Turkey
Authors: Birlik S. , Yildirimhan H. S. , Kumlutaş Y. , Candan K. , Ilgaz Ç. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryPopulation of Iranolacerta brandtii lizard including 56 (21♀, 34♂, 1 juvenile) samples were examined for helminths. 17 of them were found to harbour one or more helminth parasites, while 39 didn’t harbor any. Two helminth species were determined. These belong to Phylum: Nematoda, Spauligodon aloisei Casanova, Milazzo, Ribas & Cagnin, 2003 and Skrjabinodon medinae. García-Calvente, 1948. This study represents new host and locality records in both host lizard and the helminth species. Sp. aloisei is recorded for the first time; Sk. medinae is the third report from Turkey nevertheless Sk. medinae is a new host record for I. brandtii.
Performance of waterborne copper/organic wood preservatives in an AWPA E14 soft-rot laboratory soil bed test using modified soil
Authors: Nicholas Darrel 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Soil chemistry is known to have a major effect on the degradation of treated wood by basidiomycete fungi in laboratory and exterior ground-contact exposures. However, this topic received little attention from a soft-rot (SR) decay perspective. In the present paper, laboratory SR tests were performed with two different types of forest soils, which were also modified. Test samples, made of Pinus glabra (Walt.) (pine) were treated with four commercial copper/organic waterborne preservatives. In addition, soluble or particulate copper and the organic co-biocides quarternary ammonia compound or tebuconazole, were individually examined. After 19 months of soil bed exposure, moderate to severe degradation was observed in all treated samples in both soils. Surprisingly, microscopic examination showed minimal SR decay. Samples in the neutral soil had extensive tunneling bacterial deterioration and the best performance was observed with both copper/quaternary commercial formulations. Samples in the acidic soil appeared to have some white-rot and bacterial deterioration and all four commercial copper/organic formulations showed good statistically equivalent efficacy. For samples treated with only copper, the particulate copper samples performed statistically equivalent or slightly better than amine copper, while samples treated with only the organic quarternary or tebuconazole performed poorly in both soils.
Route Planning Based On Urban Mobility Management
Authors: Mátrai Tamás , Tóth János , Horváth Márton Tamás 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Mobility management centres play a significant role in urban transport, taking into account several factors that have an effect on the flow of vehicles. In the present paper a mobility management centre equipped with necessary information and information technologies for travellers is presented that can provide route plans. A route guidance methodology is described that combines current transportation demands with the results of the traditional four-step model.
Simulation of Electrical Grid with Omnet++ Open Source Discrete Event System Simulator
Authors: Sőrés Milán , Fodor Attila 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The simulation of electrical networks is very important before development and servicing of electrical networks and grids can occur. There are software that can simulate the behaviour of electrical grids under different operating conditions, but these simulation environments cannot be used in a single cloud-based project, because they are not GNU-licensed software products. In this paper, an integrated framework was proposed that models and simulates communication networks. The design and operation of the simulation environment are investigated and a model of electrical components is proposed. After simulation, the simulation results were compared to manual computed results.
Computational Stability Analysis of Lotka-Volterra Systems
Authors: Polcz Péter ,   Szederkényi
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This paper concerns the computational stability analysis of locally stable Lotka-Volterra (LV) systems by searching for appropriate Lyapunov functions in a general quadratic form composed of higher order monomial terms. The Lyapunov conditions are ensured through the solution of linear matrix inequalities. The stability region is estimated by determining the level set of the Lyapunov function within a suitable convex domain. The paper includes interesting computational results and discussion on the stability regions of higher (3,4) dimensional LV models as well as on the monomial selection for constructing the Lyapunov functions. Finally, the stability region is estimated of an uncertain 2D LV system with an uncertain interior locally stable equilibrium point.