bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative transcriptome analysis of nodules of two Mesorhizobium–chickpea associations with differential symbiotic efficiency under phosphate deficiency
Authors: Nasr Esfahani Maryam , Inoue Komaki , Chu Ha Duc , Nguyen Kien Huu , Van Ha Chien , Watanabe Yasuko , Burritt David J. , Herrera‐Estrella Luis , Mochida Keiichi , Tran Lam‐Son Phan 
Published: June 2017

SummaryPhosphate (Pi) deficiency is known to be a major limitation for symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF), and hence legume crop productivity globally. However, very little information is available on the adaptive mechanisms, particularly in the important legume crop chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), which enable nodules to respond to low‐Pi availability. Thus, to elucidate these mechanisms in chickpea nodules at molecular level, we used an RNA sequencing approach to investigate transcriptomes of the nodules in Mesorhizobium mediterraneum SWRI9–(MmSWRI9)–chickpea and M. ciceri CP‐31–(McCP‐31)–chickpea associations under Pi‐sufficient and Pi‐deficient conditions, of which the McCP‐31–chickpea association has a better SNF capacity than the MmSWRI9–chickpea association during Pi starvation. Our investigation revealed that more genes showed altered expression patterns in MmSWRI9‐induced nodules than in McCP‐31‐induced nodules (540 vs. 225) under Pi deficiency, suggesting that the Pi‐starvation‐more‐sensitive MmSWRI9‐induced nodules required expression change in a larger number of genes to cope with low‐Pi stress than the Pi‐starvation‐less‐sensitive McCP‐31‐induced nodules. The functional classification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was examined to gain an understanding of how chickpea nodules respond to Pi starvation, caused by soil Pi deficiency. As a result, more DEGs involved in nodulation, detoxification, nutrient/ion transport, transcriptional factors, key metabolic pathways, Pi remobilization and signalling were found in Pi‐starved MmSWRI9‐induced nodules than in Pi‐starved McCP‐31‐induced nodules. Our findings have enabled the identification of molecular processes that play important roles in the acclimation of nodules to Pi deficiency, ultimately leading to the development of Pi‐efficient chickpea symbiotic associations suitable for Pi‐deficient soils.
Subcutaneous extraskeletal osteosarcoma in a metatarsal footpad in a cat
Authors: Almela Ramón , von Bomhard Wolf , Ansón Agustina , Mayer Ursula 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundExtraskeletal osteosarcomas (ESOSAs) are rare neoplasms in humans and animals. In cats, ESOSA has been reported to arise from orbital, ocular, intestinal, mammary and subcutaneous locations. Subcutaneous ESOSA occurs most commonly at sites used for vaccination including interscapular, dorsal lumbar or thigh areas. Previous reports of feline cases have not documented the use of advanced diagnostic imaging to exclude a primary bone tumour.ObjectiveTo describe the clinicopathological and advanced imaging findings of a subcutaneous ESOSA occurring in a metatarsal footpad of a cat and to report the one year follow‐up status.AnimalA 9‐year‐old neutered male domestic short hair cat.MethodsPhysical, abdominal ultrasonographic and computed tomographic examinations, and excisional biopsy for histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation.ResultsThe cat presented with mild focal erythematous swelling of the left metatarsal pad. ESOSA was diagnosed through advanced diagnostic imaging and histopathological examinations. Histopathological findings were consistent with osteosarcoma. No primary bone disease was observed on computed tomography. The owners declined limb amputation. One year after diagnosis, the cat was alive without disease progression.Conclusions and clinical importanceExtraskeletal osteosarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue swelling in footpads in cats. Advanced diagnostic imaging is recommended to exclude primary bone tumours.
Exercise prior to, but not concomitant with, stress reverses stress‐induced delayed skin wound healing
Authors: Saguie Bianca O. , Romana‐Souza Bruna , Martins Rayssa L. , Monte‐Alto‐Costa Andréa 
Published: June 2017

AbstractStress‐induced prolonged inflammation impairs cutaneous wound healing. Exercise may inhibit this effect via an anti‐inflammatory mechanism. Our aim was to investigate the effect of moderate exercise on skin wound healing in chronically stressed mice. Mice were trained five times per week on a treadmill or received no training. Mice underwent daily rotational stress from the 6th week until euthanasia. During the 8th week, two wounds were created in the dorsum and collected 10 days later. A control group only received wounds. Exercise was performed prior to and simultaneous with stress for 2 weeks or only prior to stress. Stress increased normetanephrine levels 10 days after wounding, resulting in an increased amount of inflammatory cells and reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines as well as angiogenesis, myofibroblast differentiation and matrix deposition. Concomitant exercise and stress potentiated these effects, intensifying the delayed wound contraction. When exercise was performed only prior to stress, however, the mice showed reduced inflammatory cells in granulation tissue 10 days after wounding and improved wound healing compared with animals with exercise and concomitant stress. Moderate exercise in association with stress potentiates the stress effect; however, when exercise was performed prior to stress, wound healing was improved.
Prior exercise speeds pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics and increases critical power during supine but not upright cycling
Authors: Goulding Richie P. , Roche Denise M. , Marwood Simon 
Published: June 2017

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
Critical power (CP) represents the highest work rate for which a metabolic steady state is attainable. The physiological determinants of CP are unclear, but research suggests that CP might be related to the time constant of phase II oxygen uptake kinetics ().

What is the main finding and its importance?
We provide the first evidence that is mechanistically related to CP. A reduction of in the supine position was observed alongside a concomitant increase in CP. This effect may be contingent on measures of oxygen availability derived from near‐infrared spectroscopy.

Critical power (CP) is a fundamental parameter defining high‐intensity exercise tolerance and is related to the time constant of phase II pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics (). To test the hypothesis that this relationship is causal, we determined the impact of prior exercise (‘priming’) on CP and in the upright and supine positions. Seventeen healthy men were assigned to either upright or supine exercise groups, whereby CP, and muscle deoxyhaemoglobin kinetics (τ[HHb]) were determined via constant‐power tests to exhaustion at four work rates with (primed) and without (control) priming exercise at ∼31%Δ. During supine exercise, priming reduced (control 54 ± 18 s versus primed 39 ± 11 s; P < 0.001), increased τ[HHb] (control 8 ± 4 s versus primed 12 ± 4 s; P = 0.003) and increased CP (control 177 ± 31 W versus primed 185 ± 30 W, P = 0.006) compared with control conditions. However, priming exercise had no effect on (control 37 ± 12 s versus primed 35 ± 8 s; P = 0.82), τ[HHb] (control 10 ± 5 s versus primed 14 ± 10 s; P = 0.10) or CP (control 235 ± 42 W versus primed 232 ± 35 W; P = 0.57) during upright exercise. The concomitant reduction of and increased CP following priming in the supine group, effects that were absent in the upright group, provide the first experimental evidence that is mechanistically related to critical power. The increased τ[HHb+Mb] suggests that this effect was mediated, at least in part, by improved oxygen availability.
Galaxy rotation curves and the deceleration parameter in weak gravity
Authors: van Putten Maurice H. P. M. 
Published: June 2017

We present a theory of weak gravity parametrized by a fundamental frequency [Formula: see text] of the cosmological horizon, where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] denote the Hubble and, respectively, deceleration parameter. It predicts (i) a [Formula: see text] onset to weak gravity across accelerations [Formula: see text] in galaxy rotation curves, where [Formula: see text] denotes the de Sitter acceleration with velocity of light [Formula: see text], and (ii) fast evolution [Formula: see text] of the deceleration parameter by [Formula: see text] satisfying [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], distinct from [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text]CDM. The first is identified in the high resolution data of Lelli et al. (2017), the second in the heterogeneous data on [Formula: see text] over [Formula: see text]. A model-independent cubic fit in the second rules out [Formula: see text]CDM by [Formula: see text] and obtains [Formula: see text] consistent with Riess et al. [Astrophys. J. 826, 56 (2016)]. Comments on possible experimental tests by the LISA Pathfinder are included.
Réforme des monnaies et spéculation dans le sultanat mamlouk au début du ixe/xve siècle : al-Maqrīzī et la question de la responsabilité de l’élite mamlouk dans l’instabilité monétaire
Authors: Onimus Clément 
Published: June 2017

The terrible famine that struck Egypt at the beginning of the 9th/15th century led to al-Maqrīzī’s (d. 845/1442) critique of the Mamluk government’s misadministration. Al-Maqrīzī identified the monetary reform as the main reason behind the crisis. Among the multiple causes of this reform were the opposing interests of the Mamluk elite and the sultanic household regarding the value of gold and copper coins. In all likelihood, the former speculated on a rise in the value of gold whereas the latter wanted to limit the depreciation of the copper coins. This rivalry most likely contributed to the worsening of the monetary crisis.
La terrible famine que connut l’Égypte au début du ixe/xve siècle fut l’occasion d’une analyse d’al-Maqrīzī (m. 845/1442) sur la mauvaise administration du gouvernement. L’historien tenait la réforme monétaire pour responsable de la crise. Outre les causes multiples de cette réforme, il semble qu’un conflit d’intérêt autour de la valeur des monnaies d’or et de cuivre opposait l’élite mamlouke à la maison sultanienne. La première spéculait à la hausse sur la valeur de l’or alors que la seconde cherchait à limiter la dépréciation des monnaies de cuivre. Cette rivalité a vraisemblablement contribué à l’aggravation de la crise monétaire.
This article is in French.
Noah’s Lost Son in the Qurʾān
Authors: Reynolds Gabriel Said 
Published: June 2017

In Kor 11 (Hūd), 42-47 the Qurʾān has Noah address one of his sons and plead with him to enter the ark. Noah’s son refuses to do so, explaining that he plans to seek refuge from the flood on a mountain. When the son is lost in the flood, Noah turns to God in order to ask that his son be forgiven. In the present article, I discuss the relationship of this Qurʾānic episode with larger themes in the Qurʾān—seen also in the material on Abraham and his father—regarding the believer’s proper disposition towards unbelievers, and unbelieving family members in particular. After a study of earlier theories about this passage, I propose that the account of Noah’s lost son (not found in the Bible) has a particular relationship to Ezekiel 14, a passage which speaks hypothetically of an unrighteous son of Noah. In conclusion, I argue that this passage is an important example of how the Qurʾān applies, and transforms, earlier traditions in order to advance its particular religious arguments.
Dans le verset coranique 11 (Hūd), 42-47, Noah s’adresse à l’un de ses fils et le prie d’entrer dans l’Arche. Le fils de Noé refuse de s’exécuter, arguant qu’il a l’intention de trouver refuge dans une montagne contre le Déluge. Quand son fils est perdu dans le Déluge, Noé se tourne vers Dieu afin de Lui demander de pardonner à son fils. Dans le présent article, nous examinerons la relation de cet épisode coranique avec des thèmes plus importants du Coran—que l’on peut également voir dans les récits sur Abraham et son père—concernant la disposition du croyant envers les incroyants et, plus particulièrement, les membres de la famille. Après une étude des théories antérieures à propos de ce passage, nous avancerons que le récit du fils perdu de Noé (qui ne se trouve pas dans la Bible) est particulièrement lié à Ezéchiel 14, un passage qui traite, en toute hypothèse, d’un fils indigne de Noé. En conclusion, nous soutenons que ce passage est un exemple important de la façon dont le Coran emploie et transforme des traditions antérieures afin d’avancer ses propres arguments religieux.
This article is in English.
Ergonomic Benefits From a Laparoscopic Instrument With Rotatable Handle Piece Depend on the Area of the Operating Field and Working Height
Authors: Steinhilber Benjamin , Reiff Florian , Seibt Robert , Rieger Monika A. , Martus Peter , Kraemer Bernhard , Rothmund Ralf 
Published: June 2017

Objective To evaluate the effect of a laparoscopic instrument with a 360° rotatable handle piece (rot-HP) on biomechanical stress and precision in different areas of a simulated operating field at two working heights. Background Surgeons performing laparoscopic procedures are exposed to biomechanical stress and have an increased risk of musculoskeletal complaints. Method Fifty-seven healthy subjects (27 men, median age 26) without experience in laparoscopy performed a precision task in four quadrants (A–D) of the operating field using the rot-HP or a common fixed handle piece (fixed-HP) at an individually adjusted lower or higher working height. Biomechanical stress was assessed by surface EMG, wrist joint angles, and arm postures and precision by the number of mistakes. Results Using the rot-HP reduced muscle activity of the biceps brachii and flexor carpi radialis muscle. An interaction of flexor activity and area of the operating field occurred with the lowest activity in Quadrant C. Wrist joint angles were more neutral using the rot-HP, especially when the lower working height was applied and in Quadrants B and C. However, increased wrist dorsal flexion occurred in Quadrant A while using the rot-HP. Arm postures and precision were less affected. Conclusion The rot-HP allows some reductions of stresses in the arm and hand region, whereas the stress in the shoulder neck region is not modified. Application The instrument’s position and the working height may have to be considered as mediatory factors when describing the effectiveness of an ergonomic handle design for laparoscopic instruments.
Diabetes Knowledge, Management, and Prevention Among Haitian Immigrants in Philadelphia
Authors: Moise Rhoda K. , Conserve Donaldson F. , Elewonibi Bilikisu , Francis Lori A. , BeLue Rhonda 
Published: June 2017

Purpose Guided by the PEN-3 Cultural Model, the purpose of this study is to generate culturally framed insight into diabetes knowledge, management, and prevention among Haitians. Despite the disproportionate distribution of type II diabetes mellitus among US minorities, limited research explores outcomes within racial ethnic groups. It is particularly important to disaggregate the large racial-ethnic groups of black given the population growth among foreign-born blacks, such as Haitians, whose population has more than quadrupled in recent decades. Methods Focus group interviews were employed to understand diabetes knowledge, management, and prevention in the Haitian immigrant population in Philadelphia. Interviews were conducted in 2 groups: (1) people living with diabetes and (2) an at-risk sample for diabetes (defined as 30 and older with self-reported family history of diabetes). Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim in preparation for content analysis. Results Of the 10 participants, who were recruited through a Philadelphia church-based population, ages ranged from 41 to 91, with an average of 65. Content analysis revealed 3 emergent themes across: (1) cultural identity, including person, extended family, and neighborhood; (2) relationships and expectations, including perceptions, enablers, and nurturers; and (3) cultural empowerment, including positive, existential, and negative. Conclusions Results may inform culturally appropriate diabetes interventions for Haitians. Future research should explore compliance with food recommendations as well as the cultural competency of health care professional’s information delivery.
Scarf pin-related hijab syndrome: A new name for an unusual type of foreign body aspiration
Authors: Baram Aram , Kakamad Fahmi H. , Bakir Delan Ahmed 
Published: June 2017

Background Foreign body aspiration refers to the inhalation of an object into the respiratory system and is a serious and potentially fatal event. A distinct group of patients has recently been recognized among Muslim nations. These patients include women who wear headscarves and place the safety pin in their mouth prior to securing the veils, leading to accidental foreign body aspiration. The aim of this study was to analyze the main presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of patients with scarf pin aspiration. Methods This prospective study involved patients with a history of scarf pin aspiration admitted to a single center during an 18-month period. Their main presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome were analyzed. Results In total, 27 patients were included. The needle was extracted by flexible bronchoscopy in 12 (44.4%) patients, rigid bronchoscopy in 13 (48.1%), and thoracotomy in 2 (74%). One patient died during rigid bronchoscopy. All remaining 26 patients were satisfied with the postsurgical outcome at a mean follow-up of 1 week. Conclusions Scarf pin aspiration differs from other types of foreign body aspiration considering the specific population affected, and its management algorithm may thus differ from that of other foreign bodies. The left main bronchus is the most common site of pin impaction. Rigid bronchoscopy is the most commonly performed procedure for successful retrieval.
Bioabsorbable Fixation Screw for Proximal Interphalangeal Arthrodesis of Lesser Toe Deformities
Authors: Wendelstein Jascha Armin , Goger Peter , Bock Peter , Schuh Reinhard , Doz Priv , Trnka Hans-Jörg 
Published: June 2017

Background: Although standard fixation of proximal interphalangeal (PIP) arthrodesis by K-wire is relatively inexpensive and well established, it does have some drawbacks, making newer fixation devices interesting. The aim of this study was to clinically and radiologically assess the operative correction of the lesser toe deformation in the form of a PIP arthrodesis using a bioabsorbable 2.7-mm fixation screw. Methods: From January 2011 until October 2013, 34 patients underwent a PIP arthrodesis using the TRIM-IT (Arthrex) 2.7-mm fixation screw and were contacted for this retrospective cohort study. At an average of 3.3 years after the operation, 24 patients and 26 toes were evaluated clinically, radiologically, through pedobarography, and a patient-satisfaction survey. Results: Using the PLLA screw for fixation, 84.6% showed bony union of the arthrodesis, and 84.6% were satisfied. Mean AOFAS score was 82.7 points and thus regarded as good. The mean VAS score was 1.3/10. Overall, 73.1% of the toes showed good alignment, and 7.7% had a painless recurrence of deformity and were still satisfied with the intervention. In addition, 34.6% had floating toes, but only 4.2% without Weil osteotomy or encroachment. Further, 3.8% were advised to undergo a revision because of severe misalignment. Conclusion: The 2.7-mm bioabsorbable fixation screw yielded results that were comparable to other fixation devices for PIP fusion fixation regarding success rate, revisions, and patient acceptance. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Plasma neurofilament light chain levels in patients with MS switching from injectable therapies to fingolimod
Authors: Piehl Fredrik , Kockum Ingrid , Khademi Mohsen , Blennow Kaj , Lycke Jan , Zetterberg Henrik , Olsson Tomas 
Published: June 2017

Background: Neurofilament light chain (NFL) is a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) marker of neuroaxonal damage in multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: To determine the correlation of NFL in CSF and serum/plasma, and in plasma after switching from injectable MS therapies to fingolimod. Methods: A first cohort consisted of MS patients ( n = 39) and neurological disease controls ( n = 27) where CSF and plasma/serum had been collected for diagnostic purposes. A second cohort ( n = 243) consisted of patients from a post-marketing study of fingolimod. NFL was determined with Single Molecule Array (Simoa™) technology (detection threshold 1.95 pg/mL). Results: Mean NFL pg/mL (standard deviation ( SD)) was 341 (267) and 1475 (2358) in CSF and 8.2 (3.58) and 17.0 (16.94) in serum from controls and MS, respectively. CSF/serum and plasma/serum levels were highly correlated ( n  = 66, rho  = 0.672, p  < 0.0001 and n  = 16, rho  = 0.684, p  = 0.009, respectively). In patients starting fingolimod ( n = 243), mean NFL pg/mL ( SD) in plasma was reduced between baseline (20.4 (10.7)) and at 12 months (13.5 (7.3), p < 3 × 10−6), and levels remained stable at 24 months (13.2 (6.2)). Conclusion: NFL in serum and CSF are highly correlated and plasma NFL levels decrease after switching to highly effective MS therapy. Blood NFL measurement can be considered as a biomarker for MS therapy response.
Fronto-striatal network activation leads to less fatigue in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Dobryakova Ekaterina , Hulst Hanneke E , Spirou Angela , Chiaravalloti Nancy D , Genova Helen M , Wylie Glenn R , DeLuca John 
Published: June 2017

Background: The fronto-striatal network has been implicated in both fatigue, a common multiple sclerosis (MS) symptom, and goal attainment, which has been shown to reduce fatigue in healthy individuals. Objectives: To investigate whether stimulation of the fronto-striatal network through goal attainment (potential monetary gain) leads to fatigue reduction in MS and healthy control (HC) participants. Methods: In all, 14 healthy and 19 MS participants performed a gambling task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Participants were presented with an opportunity to receive monetary reward during the outcome condition of the task but not during the no outcome condition. Self-reported fatigue measures were obtained after each condition and outside of the scanner. Structural alterations were also examined. Results: A significant decrease in fatigue was observed after the outcome condition compared to the no outcome condition in both groups. Significantly greater activation was observed in the ventral striatum in association with the outcome condition compared to the no outcome condition in both groups. Ventromedial prefrontal cortex showed significantly greater activation during the no outcome condition compared to the outcome condition with greater difference between conditions in the HC group. Conclusion: This is the first functional neuroimaging study showing that stimulation of the fronto-striatal network through goal attainment leads to decreased on-task fatigue in MS and healthy participants.