bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CAP Bench: a benchmark suite for performance and energy evaluation of low‐power many‐core processors
Authors: Souza Matheus A. , Penna Pedro Henrique , Queiroz Matheus M. , Pereira Alyson D. , Góes Luís Fabricio Wanderley , Freitas Henrique C. , Castro Márcio , Navaux Philippe O.A. , Méhaut Jean‐François 
Published: June 2016

SummaryThe constant need for faster and more energy‐efficient processors has been stimulating the development of new architectures, such as low‐power many‐core architectures. Researchers aiming to study these architectures are challenged by peculiar characteristics of some components such as networks‐on‐chip and lack of specific tools to evaluate their performance. In this context, the goal of this paper is to present a benchmark suite to evaluate state‐of‐the‐art low‐power many‐core architectures such as the Kalray MPPA‐256 low‐power processor, which features 256 compute cores in a single chip. The benchmark was designed and used to highlight important aspects and details that need to be considered when developing parallel applications for emerging low‐power many‐core architectures. As a result, this paper demonstrates that the benchmark offers a diverse suite of programs with regard to parallel patterns, job types, communication intensity, and task load strategies suitable for a broad understanding of performance and energy consumption of MPPA‐256 and upcoming many‐core architectures. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In Situ Generation of Active Molybdenum Octahedral Clusters for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Water
Authors: Feliz Marta , Puche Marta , Atienzar Pedro , Concepción Patricia , Cordier Stéphane , Molard Yann 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) from water under homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions is explored for the {Mo6Bri8}4+ cluster core based unit starting from (TBA)2[Mo6Bri8Fa6] (TBA=tetra‐n‐butylammonium; “i” and “a” refer to the face‐capping inner and terminal apical ligand, respectively). The catalytic activity of {Mo6Bri8}4+ is enhanced by the in situ generation of [Mo6Bri8Fa5(OH)a]2−, [Mo6Bri8Fa3(OH)a3]2−, and [Mo6Bri8(OH)a6]2−, which are identified by ESIMS, luminescence, and NMR techniques. Full substitution of F− by OH− leads to the formation of (H3O)2[Mo6Bri8(OH)a6]⋅10 H2O; its structure was determined by single‐crystal XRD. The immobilization of the active {Mo6Bri8}4+ onto graphene oxide (GO) surfaces enhances its stability under catalytic conditions. The catalytic activity of the resulting (TBA)2Mo6Bri8@GO material is improved with respect to GO, but is reduced compared to the activity under homogeneous conditions because of changes in the GO semiconducting properties as well as lower activity and/or accessibility of the anchored cluster.
Fluorescence lifetime imaging of DAPI‐stained nuclei as a novel diagnostic tool for the detection and classification of B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Yahav Gilad , Hirshberg Abraham , Salomon Ophira , Amariglio Ninette , Trakhtenbrot Luba , Fixler Dror 
Published: June 2016

AbstractB‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B‐CLL) and B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B‐ALL) are the most common type of leukaemia in adults and children, respectively. Today, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is the standard for detecting chromosomal aberrations that reflect adverse and favorable outcome. This study revealed a new, simple, and fast diagnostic tool to detect pathological cells by measuring and imaging the fluorescence lifetime (FLT) using FLT imaging microscopy (FLIM) of the peripheral blood (PB) cells of B‐CLL samples that were labeled with the DNA binder, DAPI. The FLT of DAPI in healthy individuals was found to be 2.66 ± 0.12 ns. In contrast, PB cells of B‐CLL and BM cells of B‐ALL patients were characterized by a specific group distribution of the FLT values. The FLT of DAPI was divided into four subgroups, relative to 2.66 ns: short+, normal, prolonged, and prolonged+. These alterations could be related to different chromatin arrangements of B‐CLL and B‐ALL interphase nuclei. Notably, extremely long FLT of nuclear DAPI correlate with the presence of extra chromosome 12, while moderate increases compared to normal characterize the deletion of p53. Such correlations potentially enable a FLT‐based rapid automatic diagnosis and classification of B‐CLL even when the frequency of genetic and chromosomal abnormalities is low. © 2016 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
A knock‐in allele of En1 expressing dre recombinase
Authors: Plummer Nicholas W. , de Marchena Jacqueline , Jensen Patricia 
Published: June 2016

SummaryEngrailed 1 (En1) is a homeobox‐containing transcription factor expressed during development in diverse tissues, including the embryonic midbrain and anterior hindbrain. To facilitate investigation of genetic and developmental heterogeneity among cells with a history of En1 expression, we have generated En1Dre, a knock‐in allele expressing Dre recombinase. En1Dre can be used with existing Cre and Flp recombinase lines for genetic intersectional labeling, fate mapping, and functional manipulation of subpopulations of cells characterized by transient expression of En1. To avoid disrupting En1 function, the Dre cDNA is inserted at the 3′ end of the En1 coding sequence, together with a viral 2A peptide to mediate translation of separate EN1 and Dre proteins. Consequently, viable and fertile En1Dre homozygotes can be used to increase the proportion of useful genotypes produced in complex crosses. The pattern of Dre expression from En1Dre is indistinguishable from wild‐type En1 expression in mid‐gestation mouse embryos, and En1Dre controls Dre‐responsive indicator alleles by efficiently recombining rox sites in vivo. Through the application of genetic tools that allow manipulation of cells based on combinatorial expression of multiple distinct recombinases, En1Dre will significantly extend the ability to target important subpopulations of neurons and other cells within the broader En1 expression domain. genesis 54:447–454, 2016. Published 2016. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Temporal variation in selection on male and female traits in wild tree crickets
Authors: Ercit Kyla 
Published: June 2016

AbstractUnderstanding temporal variation in selection in natural populations is necessary to accurately estimate rates of divergence and macroevolutionary processes. Temporal variation in the strength and direction of selection on sex‐specific traits can also explain stasis in male and female phenotype and sexual dimorphism. I investigated changes in strength and form of viability selection (via predation by wasps) in a natural population of male and female tree crickets over 4 years. I found that although the source of viability stayed the same, viability selection affected males and females differently, and the strength, direction and form of selection varied considerably from year to year. In general, males experienced significant linear selection and significant selection differentials more frequently than females, and different male traits experienced significant linear selection each year. This yearly variation resulted in overall weak but significant convex selection on a composite male trait that mostly represented leg size and wing width. Significant selection on female phenotype was uncommon, but when it was detected, it was invariably nonlinear. Significant concave selection on traits representing female body size was observed in some years, as the largest and smallest females were preyed on less (the largest may have been too heavy for flying wasps to carry). Viability selection was significantly different between males and females in 2 of 4 years. Although viability selection via predation has the potential to drive phenotypic change and sexual dimorphism, temporal variation in selection may maintain stasis.
Landscape genetics of the nonnative red fox of California
Authors: Sacks Benjamin N. , Brazeal Jennifer L. , Lewis Jeffrey C. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractInvasive mammalian carnivores contribute disproportionately to declines in global biodiversity. In California, nonnative red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) have significantly impacted endangered ground‐nesting birds and native canids. These foxes derive primarily from captive‐reared animals associated with the fur‐farming industry. Over the past five decades, the cumulative area occupied by nonnative red fox increased to cover much of central and southern California. We used a landscape‐genetic approach involving mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences and 13 microsatellites of 402 nonnative red foxes removed in predator control programs to investigate source populations, contemporary connectivity, and metapopulation dynamics. Both markers indicated high population structuring consistent with origins from multiple introductions and low subsequent gene flow. Landscape‐genetic modeling indicated that population connectivity was especially low among coastal sampling sites surrounded by mountainous wildlands but somewhat higher through topographically flat, urban and agricultural landscapes. The genetic composition of populations tended to be stable for multiple generations, indicating a degree of demographic resilience to predator removal programs. However, in two sites where intensive predator control reduced fox abundance, we observed increases in immigration, suggesting potential for recolonization to counter eradication attempts. These findings, along with continued genetic monitoring, can help guide localized management of foxes by identifying points of introductions and routes of spread and evaluating the relative importance of reproduction and immigration in maintaining populations. More generally, the study illustrates the utility of a landscape‐genetic approach for understanding invasion dynamics and metapopulation structure of one of the world's most destructive invasive mammals, the red fox.
Performance Analysis of a New Integrated Gasification Technology Driven by Biomass for Hydrogen and Electricity Cogeneration with a Dual Chemical Looping Process
Authors: Zhu Lin , Chen Hu , Zhang Zheng 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA process based on biomass gasification integrated with a dual chemical looping technology, namely, chemical looping air separation and iron‐based chemical looping combustion, is proposed to investigate the performance of hydrogen and electricity cogeneration from a thermodynamic perspective. The effects of four vital ratios, namely, steam to biomass, oxygen to biomass, Fe2O3 to carbon, and flue gas to Mn2O3, on the thermodynamic performances of this process are investigated. Meanwhile, a T–Q diagram is involved in the validation of the feasibility of heat‐exchange networks in this process. In parallel, the system efficiencies (such as total energy efficiency and exergy efficiency) are evaluated. The exergy destruction of this process is also analyzed. As a result, the total energy and exergy efficiencies are calculated to be 66.23 and 58.10 %, respectively. Most exergy destruction is caused by the gasifier, which accounts for 40.90 % of the total exergy destruction.
Mixture toxicity of copper, cadmium, and zinc to barley seedlings is not explained by antioxidant and oxidative stress biomarkers
Authors: Versieren Liske , Evers Steffie , AbdElgawad Hamada , Asard Han , Smolders Erik 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

The analysis of metal mixture toxicity to plants is complicated by mutual interactions. In the present study, mixture effects of zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and copper (Cu) on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) root elongation were analyzed using oxidative stress parameters. The hypothesis was that toxic mixture effects on plant growth are better explained by biochemical parameters than by exposure information, because the former excludes interactions among metals for root uptake. Barley seedlings were exposed for 5 d or 14 d to these metals in nutrient solutions, added in isolation and as mixtures. Root elongation in Cu+Cd mixtures was well predicted from free metal ion concentrations in solution, using concentration addition (CA) or independent action (IA) reference models. In contrast, Zn acted antagonistically when combined with Cu and/or Cd, relative to both CA and IA. This protective effect of Zn correlated with the biomarkers measured in the long-term experiment; oxidative stress (indicated by malondialdehyde level, for example) decreased after addition of Zn. In addition, it was found that some biomarkers were sensitive to both Cu and Cd dosed in isolation, but not to Cu+Cd mixtures. Overall, the exposure explained mixture effects better than most of the 16 measured biomarkers (i.e., the biochemical effects). It is concluded that these biomarkers are not robust indicators for metal mixture toxicity, potentially because different metals have different parallel modes of action on growth that are insufficiently indexed by the biomarkers. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:220–230. © 2016 SETAC
Effects of the antimicrobial contaminant triclocarban, and co-exposure with the androgen 17β-trenbolone, on reproductive function and ovarian transcriptome of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)
Authors: Villeneuve Daniel L. , Jensen Kathleen M. , Cavallin Jenna E. , Durhan Elizabeth J. , Garcia-Reyero Natàlia , Kahl Michael D. , Leino Richard L. , Makynen Elizabeth A. , Wehmas Leah C. , Perkins Edward J. , Ankley Gerald T. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Triclocarban (TCC) is an antimicrobial agent routinely detected in surface waters that has been hypothesized to interact with the vertebrate endocrine system. The present study examined the effects of TCC alone and in combination with the model endocrine disruptor 17β-trenbolone (TRB) on fish reproductive function. Adult Pimephales promelas were continuously exposed to either 1 µg TCC/L or 5 µg TCC/L, to 0.5 µg TRB/L, or to a mixture (MIX) of 5 µg TCC/L and 0.5 µg TRB/L for 22 d, and a variety of reproductive and endocrine-related endpoints were examined. Cumulative fecundity was significantly reduced in fathead minnows exposed to TRB, MIX, or 5 µg TCC/L. Exposure to 1 µg TCC/L had no effect on reproduction. In general, both TRB and MIX treatments caused similar physiological effects, evoking significant reductions in female plasma vitellogenin, estradiol, and testosterone, and significant increases in male plasma estradiol. Based on analysis of the ovarian transcriptome, there were potential pathway impacts that were common to both TRB- and TCC-containing treatment groups. In most cases, however, those pathways were more plausibly linked to differences in reproductive status than to androgen-specific functions. Overall, TCC was reproductively toxic to fish at concentrations at or near those that have been measured in surface water. There was little evidence that TCC elicits reproductive toxicity through a specific mode of endocrine or reproductive action, nor that it could augment the androgenic effects of TRB. Nonetheless, the relatively small margin of safety between some measured environmental concentrations and effect concentrations suggests that concern is warranted. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:231–242. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Postoperative axonal changes in the contralateral hemisphere in children with medically refractory epilepsy: A longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging connectome analysis
Authors: Jeong Jeong‐Won , Asano Eishi , Juhász Csaba , Behen Michael E. , Chugani Harry T. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTo determine brain plasticity changes due to resective epilepsy surgery in children, we performed a longitudinal connectome analysis on the pattern of axonal connectivity in the contralateral hemisphere. Pre‐ and postoperative diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data were acquired from 35 children with intractable focal epilepsy. A total of 54 brain regions of interest (ROIs) were generated in the hemisphere contralateral to the resection. Within a 54 × 54 connectivity matrix, a pairwise connectivity score was calculated for each connection between two ROIs, based on the DTI fiber streamline number in each connection. A permuted Spearman's ρ‐rank analysis was used to identify specific inter‐regional connections showing a significant association between the postoperative change of connectivity score and clinical variables. Nineteen connections in the contralateral hemisphere showed postoperative increases in the strength of connectivity. Postoperative increase in connectivity between insular–inferior frontal operculum regions as well as that between superior frontal orbital and mid frontal orbital regions were both significantly associated with a larger surgical resection volume (ρ > +0.40) and a younger patient age (ρ > −0.34). These increases were more robust in patients with frontal resection and in those achieving seizure freedom. Neuropsychological evaluation on subsets of patients revealed that such increases in connectivity were associated with preserved or improved cognitive functions such as visual memory and planning. Resective epilepsy surgery may lead to increased contralateral axonal connectivity in children with focal epilepsy. Our data lead to a hypothesis that such increased connectivity may be an imaging marker of postoperative brain plasticity to compensate for cognitive function. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3946–3956, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Decreasing expression of glucose‐regulated protein GRP78/BiP as a significant prognostic predictor in patients with advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Kaira Kyoichi , Toyoda Minoru , Shimizu Akira , Imai Hisao , Sakakura Koichi , Nikkuni Osamu , Suzuki Masami , Iijima Misa , Asao Takayuki , Chikamatsu Kazuaki 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP)/glucose‐regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is important in the endoplasmic reticulum stress, and is highly expressed in various human cancers. The clinical and pathological features of GRP78/BiP are unclear in patients with advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological significance of GRP78/BiP as a prognostic marker for laryngeal SCC.MethodsA total of 59 patients with advanced laryngeal SCC (stage III/IV) were analyzed, and tumor specimens were stained by immunohistochemistry for GRP78/BiP and Ki‐67. Microvessel density was determined by immunohistochemical staining for CD34 and p53.ResultsExpression of GRP78/BiP was confirmed in 87% of cases. Decreased expression of GRP78/BiP was highly associated with positive expression of p53. Decreased GRP78/BiP expression was identified on multivariate analysis as an independent factor of decreased progression‐free survival (PFS).ConclusionGRP78/BiP was found to be commonly expressed in laryngeal SCC, whereas its downregulation was found to serve a significant prognostic role for predicting poor survival in patients with laryngeal SCC with advanced disease. GRP78/BiP may be a potentially attractive target for the treatment of various human neoplasms. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: First–1544, 2016
In situ cultured preantral follicles is a useful model to evaluate the effect of anticancer drugs on caprine folliculogenesis
Authors: Guerreiro Denise Damasceno , Lima Laritza Ferreira de , Rodrigues Giovanna Quintino , Carvalho Adeline. de Andrade , Castro Simone Vieira , Campello Cláudio Cabral , Pessoa Cláudia do Ó , Gadelha Carla Renata Figueiredo , Figueiredo José Ricardo de , Bordignon Vilceu , Rodrigues Ana Paula Ribeiro 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTDespite the increase in the incidence of cancer, the number of women who survive cancer treatment is growing. However, one of the principal results of chemotherapy is premature ovarian failure (POF). The aim of this study was to use the in situ culture preantral follicles as an in vitro model to evaluate the toxicity of two anticancer drugs, doxorubicin (DXR) and paclitaxel (PTX), on the integrity and development of ovarian follicles. Fragments of the ovarian cortex of goats were cultured in vitro for 1 or 7 days in α‐MEM+ supplemented with different concentrations of DXR (0.003, 0.03, or 0.3 µg/mL) and PTX (0.001, 0.01, or 0.1 µg/mL). Analyses were performed before and after culture to evaluate tissue integrity by classical histology, apoptosis by TUNEL assay, DNA laddering kit and the detection of activated caspase 3, and DNA damage by the immune detection of phosphorylated histone H2A.x (H2AXph139). Both DXR and PTX reduced the number of morphologically normal primordial and developing follicles. Positive staining for TUNEL and active caspase 3 was detected in all the samples (P < 0.05). Therefore, we propose the in situ culture of caprine preantral follicles as a useful experimental model for assessing the toxic effects of the chemotherapeutic agents on ovarian folliculogenesis. Microsc. Res. Tech. 79:773–781, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hermitian Adjacency Matrix of Digraphs and Mixed Graphs
Authors: Guo Krystal , Mohar Bojan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe article gives a thorough introduction to spectra of digraphs via its Hermitian adjacency matrix. This matrix is indexed by the vertices of the digraph, and the entry corresponding to an arc from x to y is equal to the complex unity i (and its symmetric entry is ) if the reverse arc is not present. We also allow arcs in both directions and unoriented edges, in which case we use 1 as the entry. This allows to use the definition also for mixed graphs. This matrix has many nice properties; it has real eigenvalues and the interlacing theorem holds for a digraph and its induced subdigraphs. Besides covering the basic properties, we discuss many differences from the properties of eigenvalues of undirected graphs and develop basic theory. The main novel results include the following. Several surprising facts are discovered about the spectral radius; some consequences of the interlacing property are obtained; operations that preserve the spectrum are discussed—they give rise to a large number of cospectral digraphs; for every , all digraphs whose spectrum is contained in the interval are determined.
Note on Perfect Forests in Digraphs
Authors: Gutin Gregory , Yeo Anders 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA spanning subgraph F of a graph G is called perfect if F is a forest, the degree of each vertex x in F is odd, and each tree of F is an induced subgraph of G. Alex Scott (Graphs Combin 17 (2001), 539–553) proved that every connected graph G contains a perfect forest if and only if G has an even number of vertices. We consider four generalizations to directed graphs of the concept of a perfect forest. While the problem of existence of the most straightforward one is NP‐hard, for the three others this problem is polynomial‐time solvable. Moreover, every digraph with only one strong component contains a directed forest of each of these three generalization types. One of our results extends Scott's theorem to digraphs in a nontrivial way.