bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreased Transfusions in Premenopausal Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation Given Leuprolide According to an Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Algorithm
Authors: Nebgen Denise R. , Cheng Lee , Alousi Amin M. , Ferrajoli Alessandra 
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) during allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) leads to an increased need for transfusions. We developed an algorithm for the management of AUB that incorporated leuprolide and oral contraceptive pills (OCPs). Our aim was to evaluate whether treatment according to this algorithm reduced the number of transfusions. METHODS All premenopausal patients who underwent first HSCT from June 2016 to January 2022 were included in this retrospective cohort study. Patients were divided into three groups on the basis of whether they received no medications, treatment according to the algorithm (leuprolide 11.25 mg intramuscular every three months with or without OCPs), or continuous OCPs. The primary outcome was the total number of units of RBCs and platelets transfused. RESULTS Two hundred fourteen patients with a mean age of 36.6 years were studied. Diagnoses were AML/myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 136), ALL (n = 47), or other hematologic malignancies (n = 31). One hundred twenty-five patients (58.4%) experienced AUB. Patients who received leuprolide with or without OCP according to the algorithm had a significant reduction in the likelihood of RBC transfusions, odds ratio (OR), 0.91 (95% CI, 0.85 to 0.98), and platelet transfusions, OR, 0.84 (95% CI, 0.79 to 0.91), compared with patients who received no medications or continuous OCP. CONCLUSION AUB is a common complication in premenopausal patients undergoing HSCT. Our algorithm of leuprolide with or without OCPs administered before HSCT led to reductions in the number of platelet and RBC transfusions.
Past and future of human developmental biology
Authors: Hopwood Nick 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Research directly on human embryos has gone through cycles of interest and neglect. The recent revitalization, including the making of ‘human developmental biology’, depended on fresh supplies of material and demand for medically relevant work. Human studies relied on mice but rejected simple extrapolation from this model mammal. Now, it is time to take stock while scanning the horizon for further change. Will research on human development be facilitated or frustrated? Will comparative approaches bring a greater variety of animal models into the picture? Will human stem-cell-based embryo models secure ever larger roles as exemplars of vertebrate development?
Exercise and Heat Stress in Well-Healed Burn Survivors: Effects of Cooling Modalities on Thermal and Perceptual Responses
Authors: ATKINS WHITLEY C. , FOSTER JOSH , MCKENNA ZACHARY J. , JARRARD CAITLIN P. , WATSO JOSEPH C. , BELVAL LUKE N. , JAY OLLIE , CRANDALL CRAIG G. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Burn injuries that require grafting impair thermoregulation, which may dissuade individuals with such injuries from being physically active. We tested the hypothesis that cooling modalities attenuate core temperature elevations and perceptions of heat stress during physical activity in the heat among adults with well-healed burn injuries.

Methods
Adults with no burn injuries (non-burned), 20%–40% body surface area burn injuries (moderate burn), and >40% body surface area burn injuries (large burn) performed 1 h of moderate-intensity exercise (2.5 ± 0.2 mph and 2% grade) on four different occasions in two environmental conditions (30°C and 39°C, 40% relative humidity). Within each environmental condition, we applied one of the following cooling modalities, random assigned, for each visit: no cooling (control), fan at 4 m·s−1 (fan), water spray every 5 min (water spray; scaled to burn area size), or a combination of water spray + fan.

Results
In 30°C, perceptual strain index (PeSI) was reduced in the non-burned and moderate burn groups with water spray + fan, whereas PeSI was reduced with all cooling modalities in the large burn group. The cooling modalities did not affect core temperature responses. In the 39°C environment, water spray and water spray + fan attenuated the elevation in core temperature (P ≤ 0.007) only in the large burn group. In the moderate burn group, PeSI was decreased with water spray + fan (P = 0.017). In the large burn group, both water spray alone and water spray + fan (P ≤ 0.041) lowered PeSI.

Conclusions
For both environments across burn groups, the applied cooling modalities were generally more effective at reducing indices of perceptual strain relative to indices of thermal strain (e.g., core temperature).
Το Διερευνητικό Μοντέλο Διδασκαλίας στις Φυσικές Επιστήμες: Aπόψεις και Δυσκολίες στην Εφαρμογή του Μοντέλου από Προϋπηρεσιακούς Εκπαιδευτικούς
Authors: Μαρή Φωτεινή , Στεφανίδου Κωνσταντίνα 
Published: September 2024

Στην παρούσα εργασία, παρουσιάζεται έρευνα στις απόψεις τελειόφοιτων του Παιδαγωγικού Τμήματος Δημοτικής Εκπαίδευσης (προϋπηρεσιακοί εκπαιδευτικοί) σχετικά με την αξία του Διερευνητικού Μοντέλου Διδασκαλίας καθώς και στην εξέλιξη των απόψεων αυτών μετά από την συμμετοχή τους σε ένα κατάλληλα δομημένο εργαστήριο Διδακτικής Φυσικών Επιστημών. Η έρευνα είναι σε εξέλιξη, ωστόσο υπάρχουν ισχυρές ενδείξεις ότι οι φοιτητές αντιμετωπίζουν δυσκολίες στην εφαρμογή του μοντέλου, και συγκεκριμένα στη διατύπωση διδακτικών στόχων και ερευνητικών ερωτημάτων, αλλά και στο σχεδιασμό δραστηριοτήτων που ακολουθούν το ΔΜΔ.
High-precision 3D imaging using spectral encoding based on the mode-locked optical frequency comb
Authors: Xu Manxiang , Liu Qihua , Wang Jindong , Qu Xinghua , Zhang Fumin 
Published: September 2024

A spectral encoding imaging scheme based on the optical frequency comb (OFC) is proposed to improve the axial capability. The surface topography information of the measured sample is encoded to the frequency and phase of the mode-locked OFC, then extracted from the interference spectrum through our well-designed data processing algorithm to obtain the relative position and depth of multiple pixels simultaneously. Finally, only one-dimensional (1D) scanning is required to reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) shape of the measured object. With the comprehensive utilization of spatial dispersion and spectral interference technique, a 3D imaging system with axial resolution of 12.5 µm, axial measurement accuracy of 0.6 µm, and depth measurement range greater than 28 mm, is experimentally demonstrated.
Efficient mode coupling/(de)multiplexing between a few-mode fiber and a silicon photonic chip
Authors: Yi Xiaolin , Zhao Weike , Zhang Long , Shi Yaocheng , Dai Daoxin 
Published: September 2024

Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) has attracted much attention due to its ability to further increase the transmission capacity of optical interconnects. While further developments of MDM optical interconnects are hindered by the coupling of few-mode fibers (FMFs) and silicon photonic chips, a high-efficiency, broadband, and scalable multimode FMF-chip interface is still eagerly desired. To address this challenge, a novel scheme for efficient multimode coupling is proposed by introducing a silica planar lightwave circuit as an intermediate. The core idea is to couple and demultiplex higher-order modes by leveraging the superiorities of silica optical waveguides for manipulating LP modes, facilitated through tailoring the mode conversion related to different mode symmetric properties. The demultiplexed modes are consequently butt-coupled to the silicon photonic chip in single-mode manner, thus being available for fulfilling further data transmitting/receiving/routing directly. As a proof of concept, a six-channel FMF-chip coupler working with the LP01-x/y, LP11a-x/y, and LP11b-x/y modes is designed with low coupling losses of 0.77–1.39 dB and low intermode crosstalk of <−27.2  dB in a broad bandwidth (>150  nm). Minimum coupling losses of 1.36–2.48 dB are experimentally demonstrated. It is the first demonstration for the integrated multimode FMF-chip coupler enabling the simultaneous coupling of six mode-channels, to the best of our knowledge. We believe that this work has the great potential for developing energy-efficient and low-cost chip-to-chip MDM interconnections in the future.
Impact of non-invasive oxygen reserve index versus standard SpO2 monitoring on peripheral oxygen saturation during endotracheal intubation in the intensive care unit: Protocol for the randomized controlled trial NESOI2
Authors: Hille Hugo , Le Thuaut Aurélie , Asfar Pierre , Quelven Quentin , Mercier Emmanuelle , Le Meur Anthony , Quenot Jean-Pierre , Lemiale Virginie , Muller Grégoire , Cour Martin , Ferré Alexis , Berge Asael , Curtiaud Anaïs , Touron Maxime , Plantefeve Gaetan , Chakarian Jean-Charles , Ricard Jean-Damien , Colin Gwenhael , Orieux Arthur , Girardie Patrick , Jozwiak Mathieu , Rouaud Manon , Juhel Camille , Reignier Jean , Lascarrou Jean-Baptiste ,   for the CRICS-TRIGGERSEP Network
Published: September 2024

In critically ill patients, endotracheal intubation (ETI) is lifesaving but carries a high risk of adverse events, notably hypoxemia. Preoxygenation is performed before introducing the tube to increase the safe apnea time. Oxygenation is monitored by pulse oximeter measurement of peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2). However, SpO2 is unreliable at the high oxygenation levels produced by preoxygenation and, in the event of desaturation, may not decrease sufficiently early to allow preventive measures. The oxygen reserve index (ORI) is a dimensionless parameter that can also be measured continuously by a fingertip monitor and reflects oxygenation in the moderate hyperoxia range. The ORI ranges from 0 to 1 when arterial oxygen saturation (PaO2) varies between 100 to 200 mmHg, as occurs during preoxygenation. No trial has assessed the potential effects of ORI monitoring to guide preoxygenation for ETI in unstable patients. We designed a multicenter, two-arm, parallel-group, randomized, superiority, open trial in 950 critically ill adults requiring ETI. The intervention consists in monitoring ORI values and using an ORI target for preoxygenation of at least 0.6 for at least 1 minute. In the control group, preoxygenation is guided by SpO2 values recorded by a standard pulse oximeter, according to the standard of care, the goal being to obtain 100% SpO2 during preoxygenation, which lasts at least 3 minutes. The standard-of-care ETI technique is used in both arms. Baseline parameters, rapid-sequence induction medications, ETI devices, and physiological data are recorded. The primary outcome is the lowest SpO2 value from laryngoscopy to 2 minutes after successful ETI. Secondary outcomes include cognitive function on day 28. Assuming a 10% standard deviation for the lowest SpO2 value in the control group, no missing data, and crossover of 5% of patients, with the bilateral alpha risk set at 0.05, including 950 patients will provide 85% power for detecting a 2% between-group absolute difference in the lowest SpO2 value. Should ORI monitoring with a target of ≥0.6 be found to increase the lowest SpO2 value during ETI, then this trial may change current practice regarding preoxygenation for ETI.
Trial registration: Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05867875) on April 27, 2023.
Larval Lake Whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) zooplankton consumption remains constant despite variation in prey densities in western Lake Erie
Authors: Amidon Zachary J. , DeBruyne Robin L. , Roseman Edward. F. , Mayer Christine M. , Sakas Alexis 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Larval fish growth and survival could be limited or reduced due to patchiness of zooplankton densities, even in productive aquatic systems. Recent declines in Lake Whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) populations prompted research to identify underlying mechanisms controlling survival at early life stages. In Lake Erie, the bottleneck window controlling year-class strength of Lake Whitefish likely occurs during the first growing season, suggesting that availability of important prey could influence year-class strength. Therefore, spatial and temporal larval Lake Whitefish distribution, diet, and prey utilization were evaluated in western Lake Erie. The pelagic Lake Whitefish larval period in the western basin extends from April 1 to May 15 with most larvae concentrated nearshore at the surface both day and night. Cyclopoid copepods were the most important prey item; however, calanoid copepods and Cladocera were consistently consumed, indicating that copepods and Cladocera were important larval Lake Whitefish prey items. Copepod and Cladocera biomass were the highest nearshore, overlapping with the highest larval Lake Whitefish densities. However, the amount of food consumed by larvae was consistent in all areas, suggesting that offshore areas in western Lake Erie with relatively low zooplankton biomass harbor enough food to satiate larval Lake Whitefish. Therefore, it is unlikely that prey availability limits survival through means of starvation during the larval phase.
A trajetória da avaliação institucional participativa na Rede Municipal de Campinas: a luta cotidiana pela qualidade social
Authors: Sabia Claudia Pereira de Pádua , Penteado Thaís Carvalho Zanchetta , Silva Margarida Montejano da 
Published: September 2024

Temos como pressuposto que o processo de Avaliação Institucional Participativa (AIP) se constitui como uma instância estratégica para viabilizar a qualidade social das escolas públicas. O objetivo da pesquisa é identificar a linha do tempo do processo de implementação da AIP das escolas públicas da região noroeste do município de Campinas e verificar as condições objetivas de funcionamento. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados foram a pesquisa bibliográfica e a pesquisa documental. Identificamos que a trajetória da AIP aponta obstáculos, mas também potencialidades de vivências democráticas pelos atores envolvidos. A política de AIP, ao longo dos sucessivos governos, passou a sofrer resistência à aceleração, mas vem sendo mantida e foi ampliada para a Educação Infantil também. As condições objetivas das escolas apontam a necessidade de reformas e melhorias de infraestrutura e contratação de profissionais da educação para atender as demandas da comunidade escolar e avançar na qualidade social ofertada para os estudantes.
Morphological discrimination of fouling Ulva and Blidingia species on Pyropia rafts in Rudong, China: an in-field protocol for early monitoring of algae forming the Yellow Sea green tide
Authors: Ma Yingying , Zhao Jin , Kong Fanzhou , Yan Tian , Jiang Peng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Fouling seaweeds on nori cultivation rafts in Subei radial sand ridges (Jiangsu, China) are believed to be the source of the Yellow Sea green tide (YSGT). Although major species are consistent across years, their biomass and proportions undergo significant annual changes, which was speculated to be related to the size of YSGT. Therefore, early detection and biomass assessment of the bloom-forming algae are crucial, increasing the need to develop a morphological identification method suitable for large sample sizes in the field. In this study, fouling seaweeds were collected from this area in spring 2017. Five major species, Ulva aragoënsis, Ulva compressa, Ulva linza, Ulva prolifera, and Blidingia sp. were molecularly identified, and confirmed as the predominant fouling seaweeds on nori rafts over the past decade. In this unique ecological niche, the morphological features of species changed significantly yet stably. Based on morphological observations, an identification key for these five species was established. Furthermore, a simplified version containing only two indices was developed for practical field use, with an average accuracy of 81 % (δ
2 = 0.003) in empirical accuracy assessments. This method can be used to monitor the community structure and succession of fouling seaweeds at the geographical source of YSGT.
Force feedback reduces test time and interaction forces in telemanipulated palpation using a robotic endoscope with series elastic actuated joints.
Authors: Margherita Ettori Sara Lisa , Fasel Lorin , Gerig Nicolas , Rauter Georg 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Force feedback is currently missing in most surgical robot systems, even though it would be essential for many surgical tasks, such as palpating tissue. In this study, we used a previously developed robotic endoscope based on series elastic actuation and tested the feasibility of using it for force feedback with a pilot study. The participants had a lower test time (−27%) and lower applied forces (−23%) with force feedback enabled. While further studies are needed for validation in realistic surgical scenarios, these results suggest improved safety and efficiency in telemanipulated surgeries.
A Feasibility Study of Fluoroscopy-based Catheter Modeling
Authors: Eyberg Christoph , Shiravand Ashkan , Klemm Patrick , Horsch Johannes , Cattaneo Giorgio , Langejürgen Jens 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Knowledge of contact forces between instruments and blood vessels during endovascular interventions like thrombectomies can help make these interventions safer and faster. We show that it is generally feasible to derive the contact forces directly from the intraoperative fluoroscopy imaging system which can make the costly integration of additional sensors into catheters and guidewires dispensable. Our study is limited to stationary normal loading and planar deflections. In our loading scenario of crossing the carotid siphon with a guidewire, the magnitude of contact forces can be detected up to an average deviation of 4.5 % for an imagebased pose measurement accuracy of the guidewire of 1 mm.
Assessing underlying pulsatile structures with laparoscopic tools using proximal vibroacoustic sensing
Authors: Kaabachi Syrine , Illanes Alfredo , Esmaeili Nazila , Sühn Thomas , Spiller Moritz , Friebe Michael , Hansen Christian , Boese Axel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This work presents a novel approach for detecting underlying pulsatile structures with laparoscopic tools by using proximal vibroacoustic sensing. This new method could detect pulsations at a depth of up to 1.5 cm. The outcome of this work indicates the potential of identifying deep-seated pulsatile structures during robot-assisted laparoscopy, where haptic feedback is highly limited, to help surgeons prevent vascular damage that may lead to injuries.
Statistical Shape Models for Grasp Point Determination in Laparoscopic Surgeries
Authors: Kunz Christian , Kraus Maria , Younis Rayan , Wagner Martin , Mathis-Ullrich Franziska 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Robotic assistance systems are being used more and more frequently in the operating room, with the goal to support surgeons and to automate parts of a procedure. The laparoscopic cholecystectomy is one of the most common procedures in Germany.We aim to automate the assistant grasp task in this procedure. To achieve this goal, first the grasp points on the gallbladder need to be determined. In this work, we therefore present a statistical shape model fitting to the gallbladder for grasp point determination. Gallbladder and liver point clouds are utilized as inputs. A registration algorithm is used to fit the shape model to the gallbladder mesh. The process is evaluated on three different datasets achieving a successful grasping point identification of 90% for artificially created gallbladders, 100% for our silicon phantom model, and 90% for ex-vivo organs.
Optimising speech recognition using LLMs: an application in the surgical domain
Authors: Matasyoh Nevin M. , Zeineldin Ramy A. , Mathis-Ullrich Franziska 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Automatic speech recognition (ASR), powered by deep learning techniques, is crucial for enhancing humancomputer interaction. However, its full potential remains unrealized in diverse real-world environments, with challenges such as dialects, accents, and domain-specific jargon, particularly in fields like surgery, persisting. Here, we investigate the potential of large language models (LLMs) as error correction modules for ASR.We leverage Whisper-medium or ASRLibriSpeech for speech recognition, and GPT-3.5 or GPT-4 for error correction.We employ various prompting methods, from zero-shot to few-shot with leading questions and sample medical terms to correct wrong transcriptions. Results, measured by word error rate (WER), reveal Whisper’s superior transcription accuracy over ASR-LibriSpeech, with a WER of 11.93% compared to 32.09%. GPT-3.5, with the few-shot with medical terms prompting method, further enhances performance, achieving a 64.29% and 37.83% WER-reduction for Whisper and ASR-LibriSpeech, respectively. Additionally, Whisper exhibits faster execution speed. Substituting GPT-3.5 with GPT- 4 further enhances transcription accuracy. Despite some few challenges, our approach demonstrates the potential of leveraging domain-specific knowledge through LLM prompting for accurate transcription, particularly in sophisticated domains like surgery.
Prototype development of a multi-user augmented reality framework for collaborative medical visualization in shared environments
Authors: Matyash Ivan , Graf Raphael Lutz Y. , Bohn Stefan , Neumuth Thomas , Rockstroh Max 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study developed and evaluated a prototype for augmented reality (AR) interaction among multiple users sharing a three-dimensional hologram within a shared physical space. A systems requirements analysis was conducted to determine necessary interactions, followed by an iterative implementation plan with testing at each step. The application for the HoloLens 2 (HL2) headset was developed using Unity for 3D design, C# for programming, and Photon for multiplayer capabilities. The prototype was evaluated in a user study utilizing custom and NASA TLX questionnaires, comparing participants' self-reported task success with recorded data to assess the accuracy of selfassessments. The prototype effectively facilitated multi-user interactions within a shared environment, achieving acceptable synchronization for two users. Most participants successfully completed tasks, with TLX scores indicating low cognitive and mechanical load during AR task execution. This study demonstrates AR's viability for displaying and manipulating complex three-dimensional structures within a collaborative medical context among multiple individuals in the same physical space.
Classification of Prostate Cancer in 3D Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data based on Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Rippa Malte , Schulze Ruben , Himstedt Marian , Burn Felice 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Prostate cancer is a commonly diagnosed cancerous disease among men world-wide. Even with modern technology such as multi-parametric magnetic resonance tomography and guided biopsies, the process for diagnosing prostate cancer remains time consuming and requires highly trained professionals. In this paper, different convolutional neural networks (CNN) are evaluated on their abilities to reliably classify whether an MRI sequence contains malignant lesions. Implementations of a ResNet, a ConvNet and a ConvNeXt for 3D image data are trained and evaluated. The models are trained using different data augmentation techniques, learning rates, and optimizers. The data is taken from a private dataset, provided by Cantonal Hospital Aarau. The best result was achieved with a ResNet3D, yielding an average precision score of 0.4583 and AUC ROC score of 0.6214.