bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics and production of dissolved organic carbon in a large continental shelf system under the influence of both river plume and coastal upwelling
Authors: Wu Kai , Dai Minhan , Li Xiaolin , Meng Feifei , Chen Junhui , Lin Jianrong 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe examined the dynamics and production of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on a large continental shelf in the northern South China Sea, which is largely shaped by a river plume and coastal upwelling, based on a cruise in summer 2008. The plume water extended from the mouth of the Pearl River estuary to the middle shelf and was characterized by high DOC concentrations, while the upwelled water occupying the nearshore area featured low DOC concentrations. Biological production of DOC was observed in both the river plume and the coastal upwelling zones with different behavior between regions. The system appeared to be autotrophic in terms of DOC throughout the plume, while in the upwelling circulation, the metabolism of DOC was mixed trophic. Nevertheless, the integrated net DOC production rate of 11.5 ± 6.9 mmol C m−2 d−1 in the upwelling zone was comparable to that in the plume (7.1 ± 7.0 mmol C m−2 d−1). The net DOC production correlated strongly with net consumption of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and inorganic nutrients, suggesting that the net DOC production was highly coupled to net community production (NCP) in both the plume and upwelling zones. Both regimes had similar DOC/NCP partitioning, with 19–27% of NCP in the plume and 24–26% of NCP in the upwelling zones converted to DOC. A positive correlation was also found between particulate organic carbon (POC) and net DIC consumption, with higher POC production in the upwelling zones where large phytoplankton prevailed. Most NCP removal occurred through POC sinking and/or the diffusion and horizontal transport of DOC.
A life cycle assessment of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells
Authors: Monteiro Lunardi Marina , Wing Yi Ho‐Baillie Anita , Alvarez‐Gaitan Juan Pablo , Moore Stephen , Corkish Richard 
Published: March 2017

AbstractGiven the rapid progress in perovskite solar cells in recent years, perovskite/silicon (Si) tandem structure has been proposed to be a potentially cost‐effective improvement on Si solar cells because of its higher efficiency at a minimal additional cost. As part of the evaluation, it is important to conduct a life cycle assessment on such technology in order to guide research efforts towards cell designs with minimum environmental impacts. Here, we carry out a life cycle assessment to assess global warming, human toxicity, freshwater eutrophication and ecotoxicity and abiotic depletion potential impacts and energy payback time associated with three perovskite/Si tandem cell structures using silver (Ag), gold (Au) and aluminium (Al) as top electrodes compared with p–n junction and hetero‐junction with intrinsic inverted layer Si solar cells. It was found that the replacement of the metal electrode with indium tin oxide/metal grid in the tandem cell reduces the environmental impacts significantly compared with the perovskite cell. For all the impacts assessed, we conclude that the perovskite/Si tandem using Al as top electrode has better environmental outcomes, including energy payback time, when compared with the other tandem structures studied. Use of Al in preference to noble metals for contacts, Si p–n junction in preference to intrinsic inverted layer and the avoidance of 2,20,7,70‐tetrakis(N,N‐di‐p‐methoxyphenylamine)9,90‐spirobifluorene (Spiro‐OMeTAD) are environmentally beneficial. The key result found of this work is that the most important factor for the better environmental impacts of these tandem solar cells is the transparency and electrical conductivity of the perovskite layer after it fails. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nature of the interaction between ammonia derivatives and carbon disulfide. A theoretical investigation
Authors: Zierkiewicz Wiktor , Michalczyk Mariusz , Bieńko Dariusz , Michalska Danuta , Zeegers‐Huyskens Thérèse 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe interactions between NH3, its methylated and chlorinated derivatives and CS2 are investigated by ab initio CCSD(T) and density functional BLYP‐D3 methods. The CCSD(T)/aug‐cc‐pVTZ calculated interaction energies of complexes characterized by the S···N chalcogen bonds range between −1.71 and −2.78 kcal mol−1. The S···N bonds are studied by atoms in molecules, natural bond orbital, and noncovalent interaction methods. The lack of correlation between the interaction energies of methylated amines complexes and the electrostatic potential results from the lone pair effect in aliphatic amines. Different structures of CS2 complexed with ammonia derivatives, stabilized by other than the S···N chalcogen bonds, are also predicted. These structures are characterized by interaction energies ranging between 1.15 and 3.46 kcal mol−1. The results show that the complexing ability of CS2 is not very high but this molecule is able to attack the electrophilic or nucleophilic sites of a guest molecule.
Heterogeneous Meerwein‐Ponndorf‐Verley–type Reduction of Aromatic Aldehydes Having Other Reducible Functional Groups over a TiO2 Photocatalyst
Authors: Fukui Makoto , Kouda Hideki , Tanaka Atsuhiro , Hashimoto Keiji , Kominami Hiroshi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractChemoselective reduction of benzaldehydes having other reducible functional groups without the use of a reducing agent such as metal hydrides is important because metal hydrides simultaneously produce a large amount of undesirable waste containing metal compounds. Here we report that a titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2) photocatalyst is effective for heterogeneous Meerwein‐Ponndorf‐Verley (MPV)‐type reduction of various benzaldehydes having reducible functional groups to corresponding benzyl alcohols at room temperature under a metal‐free condition. We also investigated the effects of physical properties of TiO2 samples on chemoselective reduction of p‐chlorobenzaldehyde (CBAD) to p‐chlorobenzyl alcohol (CBAO) and we observed a linear correlation between the amount of CBAD adsorbed and the rate of CBAO formation, suggesting that ability of TiO2 for CBAD adsorption is one of the key factors for effective MPV‐type reduction of CBAD to CBAO.
Effects of seasonality on drosophilids (Insecta, Diptera) in the northern part of the Atlantic Forest, Brazil
Authors: Coutinho-Silva R.D. , Montes M.A. , Oliveira G.F. , de Carvalho-Neto F.G. , Rohde C. , Garcia A.C.L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSeasonality is an important aspect associated with population dynamic and structure of tropical insect assemblages. This study evaluated the effects of seasonality on abundance, richness, diversity and composition of an insect group, drosophilids, including species native to the Neotropical region and exotic ones. Three preserved fragments of the northern Atlantic Forest were surveyed, where temperatures are above 20 °C throughout the year and rainfall regimes define two seasons (dry and rainy). As opposed to other studies about arthropods in tropical regions, we observed that abundance of drosophilids was significantly higher in the dry season, possibly due to biological aspects and the colonization strategy adopted by the exotic species in these environments. Contrarily to abundance, we did not observe a seasonal pattern for richness. As for other parts of the Atlantic Forest, the most representative Neotropical species (Drosophila willistoni, D. sturtevanti, D. paulistorumandD. prosaltans) were significantly more abundant in the rainy season. Among the most abundant exotic species,D. malerkotliana, Zaprionus indianusandScaptodrosophila latifasciaeformiswere more importantly represented the dry season, whileD. simulanswas more abundant in the rainy period. The seasonality patterns exhibited by the most abundant species were compared to findings published in other studies. Our results indicate that exotic species were significantly more abundant in the dry season, while native ones exhibited an opposite pattern.
GORENSTEIN MODULES AND GORENSTEIN MODEL STRUCTURES
Authors: XU AIMIN 
Published: February 2017

AbstractGiven a complete hereditary cotorsion pair$(\mathcal{X}, \mathcal{Y})$, we introduce the concept of$(\mathcal{X}, \mathcal{X} \cap \mathcal{Y})$-Gorenstein projective modules and study its stability properties. As applications, we first get two model structures related to Gorenstein flat modules over a right coherent ring. Secondly, for any non-negative integern, we construct a cofibrantly generated model structure on Mod(R) in which the class of fibrant objects are the modules of Gorenstein injective dimension ≤nover a left Noetherian ringR. Similarly, ifRis a left coherent ring in which all flat leftR-modules have finite projective dimension, then there is a cofibrantly generated model structure on Mod(R) such that the cofibrant objects are the modules of Gorenstein projective dimension ≤n. These structures have their analogous in the category of chain complexes.
Association between an ectoparasitic copepod (Caligus sp.) and the monogenean Udonella cf. caligorum Johnston 1835 on a catfish population
Authors: Fogel D. , Fuentes J.L. , Soto L.M. , López C. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe analysed the association between a monogenean (Udonella cf. caligorum Johnston 1835) and its copepod host (Caligus sp.) living on a wild population of Arius herzbergii Bloch, 1794 in a north-eastern coastal lagoon from Venezuela. This study characterized infestation levels and analysed the effects of monogeneans on the fecundity and hatching success of the copepod host, as well as damage to its egg capsules and genital complex. A total of 218 Caligus specimens were analysed (94 males, 110 females and 14 immature stages) in which a total of 1017 monogeneans were found. These included 311 mature stages and 706 egg capsules. Monogenean stages were found attached to the cephalothorax, abdomen, genital complex and egg capsules of the copepods. No significant differences were found in fecundity and egg hatching when infested and non-infested ovigerous females were compared. No damage was observed on egg capsules or genital areas of infested ovigerous females. Our results suggest that this association, at the level of prevalence and intensity observed, is closer to commensalism than parasitism. The importance of considering that the nature of interaction is dynamic and changing with environmental conditions and time scale is highlighted.
Migraine and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a single-institution review
Authors: Teixido M , Baker A , Isildak H 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackground:Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and migraine-associated dizziness are common. The prevalence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo seems to be higher in patients with migraine-associated dizziness than in those without migraine.Methods:A database of 508 patients seen at the primary author's balance clinic was analysed to determine the prevalence of migraine, as defined by International Headache Society criteria, in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.Results:The percentage of patients with dizziness or vertigo who met criteria for migraine was 33.7 per cent, with a prevalence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo of 42.3 per cent. When excluding patients with migrainous vertigo, patients with migraine frequently had benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (66.7 per centvs55.8 per cent), although this finding was not statistically significant.Conclusion:The results for the entire sample suggest that, after excluding patients with migrainous vertigo, patients with migraine seem more likely to have benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; however, this association was not significant, probably because of the small sample size.
The Establishment of the English Province of the Society of Jesus
Authors: McCoog Thomas M. 
Published: February 2017

And touching our Society be it known to you that we have made a league–all the Jesuits of the world, whose succession and multitude must overreach all the practices of England–cheerfully to carry the cross you shall lay upon us and never to despair of your recovery, while we have a man left to enjoy your Tyburn, or to be racked with your torments or consumed with your prisons. The expense is reckoned, the enterprise is begun, it is of God, it cannot be withstood. So the faith was planted, so it must be restored.The Jesuit mission to England so proudly announced by Edmund Campion in 1580 was a venture hesitantly undertaken by the Society of Jesus. There was careful, prayerful discernment not only before Father General Everard Mercurian decided in its favour but also throughout its subsequent growth and development. According to the Formula of the Institute, in a sense the Jesuit rule, the purpose and goal of the Society was twofold: the salvation and sanctification of both the individual Jesuits and of their fellow men and women. The entire thrust of Ignatian spirituality was the consideration of the first in so far as it advanced the second. Ignatius urged that all the ordinary practices and customs of religious life be considered in the context of the apostolate and either executed or modified in so far as they advanced the order’s goals. Because of the stress that Ignatius had placed on the Society’s works, he was reluctant to prescribe any universally binding spiritual practices. Indeed, among the wide powers granted to the General in the order’s Constitutions was that to grant dispensations ‘in particular cases which require such dispensation, while he takes account of the persons, places, times, and other circumstances.’
Papist-Protestant - Puritan: English Religious Taxonomy 1565-1665
Authors: Clancy Thomas H. 
Published: February 2017

It is wel knowne ... that in the realme of Ingland at this day, there are three different and opposite bodies of religion that are of the most bulk and that do carry most sway and power, which three bodies are knowne commonly in Ingland by the names of Protestants, Puritanes, and Papists, though the latter two do not acknowledge these names, and for the same cause would I not use them neither, if it were not only for cleerness and brevities sake, for that, as often I have protested, my meaning is not to give offence to any side or partye.The idea for this paper came to me a dozen years ago while re-reading Will Herberg’s Protestant - Catholic - Jew, subtitled ‘An Essay in American Religious Sociology’. Mr Herberg made extensive use of survey data which, of course, are not available to the student of Elizabethan-Stuart England, but some of his most pertinent insights came from his analysis of manners of contemporary American speech. I began at that time to note and classify the ways in which Englishmen of this period described religious beliefs and attitudes. The conviction slowly formed that terminology not only flowed from religious thought and belief but in its turn influenced religious thought.
Elizabethan Priest-Holes: V—The North
Authors: Hodgetts Michael 
Published: February 2017

The choice of houses for this fifth article was not easy. In the first of the series I argued that the building of priest-holes took place in three stages, divided roughly by the Armada and the Gunpowder Plot, the events which mark the beginning and the end of Nicholas Owen’s work. In the second, I discussed a group of hides from the early period, at Ufton, Mapledurham and Compton Wynyates. In the third and fourth I dealt with two groups of houses where there is evidence of Owen’s work: in East Anglia at Oxburgh, Braddocks and Sawston, and in Warwickshire and Worcestershire at Baddesley Clinton, Hindlip and Harvington. In the sixth (and last) article I shall deal with the most fully documented hides of the third period, namely those used by Charles II after the Battle of Worcester. But with such a wealth of material to draw on, which houses should go into the remaining article on the middle period ?The third and fourth articles were illustrations of the work of two of the Jesuits who met at Baddesley Clinton in October 1591: John Gerard in East Anglia and Edward Oldcorne in Worcestershire. Even to complete the picture for these two priests would require another three articles. No county is richer in hiding-places than Worcestershire and the neighbouring parts of Warwickshire, and Oldcorne’s work extended much further afield, into Herefordshire and even into Wales.
The Rev. Simon George Bordley, Schoolmaster
Authors: Smith W.Vincent 
Published: February 2017

Catholic educational endeavour in England during the eighteenth century depended not only on the enterprise of individuals, but also on the fluctuations of the political situation and the degree of local complaisance. Schools were often ephemeral, though one or two founded during the century proved to be permanent, and in some recusant areas, notably in south Lancashire, Durham County, York, the North Riding and London, educational activity was persistent. Catholics had no counterpart in England for the standard offered in Grammar and Public Schools, Dissenting Academies and the Universities. They had to look for this education to their colleges and schools on theContinent, and their educational activities at home were usually designed to prepare boys for these further studies. It is against this background that this article attempts to assess the educational work of the secular priest, Simon George Bordley.The earliest and the best known of the schools in Lancashire in the eighteenth century was that of ‘Dame Alice’ Harrison at Fernihalgh. Started in the early years of the century, the school continued until she retired shortly before her death in 1760. During her last years another well-known school, one for boys, had been started by Simon Bordley. Our knowledge of this school has been greatly increased by an account book kept by him from 1759 to 1771, and preserved at St Edmund’s College, Ware.The manuscript consists of a quire of paper folded into folio sheets and is in the original paper cover.
‘When the saints go marching in’: constructions of senior volunteering in Norwegian government white papers, and in Norwegian senior volunteers’ and health-care professionals’ stories
Authors: BLIX BODIL HANSEN , HAMRAN TORUNN 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTThis study explores policy makers’, health-care professionals’ and senior volunteers’ perceptions of senior volunteers. Two Norwegian government white papers regarding older adult care and welfare services, which were published over a period of 19 years, were selected for close examination. Furthermore, focus group interviews with a purposeful sample of five senior volunteers and 15 health-care professionals were conducted. The study explores the discursive formations of senior volunteers in the government white papers and how they are negotiated in the senior volunteers’ and the health-care professionals’ narratives. Two dominant discourses were presented in the white papers: a prevention discourse (in which volunteering was presented primarily as a means to prevent volunteers’ loneliness and need for care services) and a sustainability discourse (in which the volunteers were presented as instrumental in future sustainable care services). Both discourses echo a common overarching discourse about a capacity crisis due to the ageing population. The senior volunteers were positioned as partners and active agents in both their own narratives and the health-care professionals’ narratives. Their position as independent and as spokespersons for the less empowered were evident only in the senior volunteers’ own narratives. Only the health-care professionals referenced the prevention discourse and capacity issues. The senior volunteers presented themselves as competent, efficient political actors, and they resisted both the prevention and sustainability discourses. In the senior volunteers’ narratives, social and political participation were interrelated. The study demonstrates that new discursive landscapes must be created to capture the diversity among senior volunteers and their efforts. While senior volunteers must be meaningfully involved in decision making, planning and design, their positions as independent and active agents must also be ensured. Authentic partnerships between senior volunteers and public care services involve a balance between involvement and independence.
The Birthplace of the Blessed Robert Anderton
Authors: Trappes Lomax T. B. 
Published: February 2017

The poem here printed shows that this martyr was born, not in Lancashire as has been generally thought, but in the Isle of Man. It occurs onp. 145 of a MS. book known as “The Great Hodge Podge” which has always been in the possession of the Blurdell family of Crosby Co. Lanc.
It is probably in the handwriting of William Blundell of Crosby who was born i n 1560, i n the same year, that i S, as Anaerton. Blundell was consequently twenty six years old when Anderton was executed in the Isle of Wight in 1586. He died in 1630.
Generalised Dirichlet to Neumann maps for linear dispersive equations on half-line
Authors: FOKAS ATHANASSIOS S. , WANG ZIPENG 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA large class of initial-boundary problems of linear evolution partial differential equations formulated on the half-line is analyzed via the unified transform method. In particular, explicit representations are presented for the generalised Dirichlet to Neumann maps. Namely, the determination of the unknown boundary values when an essential set of initial and boundary data is given.
Drivers of bird diversity in an understudied African centre of endemism: The Angolan Central Escarpment Forest
Authors: CÁCERES AIMY , MELO MARTIM , BARLOW JOS , FAUSTINO DE LIMA RICARDO , MILLS MICHAEL S. L. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryNatural habitats are being rapidly lost due to human activities. It is therefore vital to understand how these activities influence biodiversity so that suitable guidelines can be established for conservation. This is particularly important in understudied, high biodiversity, areas such as the Angolan Escarpment. Here we examine which habitat characteristics drive bird diversity and endemic species presence at Kumbira Forest, a key site in the Central Escarpment Forest. Bird diversity was sampled by 10 min bird point counts, whereas habitat characteristics were measured by a combination of ground-based vegetation surveys and remotely sensed data modelling of Landsat images. GLM, multi-model inference and model averaging were used to determine the most important variables driving species richness and the presence of endemics. The remote sensing variables performed poorly in predicting presence of Red-crested Turaco Tauraco erythrolophus and Gabela Bushshrike Laniarius amboimensis but they contributed significantly to explain species richness and Gabela Akalat Sheppardia gabela presence, both of which were associated with greater canopy cover. Liana density and elevation were also important explanatory variables in certain cases. Conservation actions at Kumbira should focus on increasing canopy cover and maintaining forest integrity (as measured by liana density), as these actions are likely to have the most positive outcomes for the avifauna.
Generating natural language descriptions using speaker-dependent information
Authors: FERREIRA THIAGO C. , PARABONI IVANDRÉ 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis paper discusses the issue of human variation in natural language referring expression generation. We introduce a model of content selection that takes speaker-dependent information into account to produce descriptions that closely resemble those produced by each individual, as seen in a number of reference corpora. Results show that our speaker-dependent referring expression generation model outperforms alternatives that do not take human variation into account, or which do so less extensively, and suggest that the use of machine-learning methods may be an ideal approach to mimic complex referential behaviour.