bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Who” should be focused? The influence of focus status on pronoun resolution
Authors: Xu Xiaodong , Zhou Xiaolin 
Published: August 2016

AbstractFocus is assumed to be able to enhance the salience of a focused constituent and thereby facilitate the interpretation of a pronoun that refers to a focused antecedent relative to an unfocused antecedent. To assess how discourse‐based focus structure influences the interpretation of a pronoun and whether this process is modulated by the grammatical role of the antecedent, we conducted an ERP study in which the focus status of a pronoun's potential antecedents was manipulated by means of a wh‐question‐answer structure. We found that, relative to those in the focused position, pronouns referring to antecedents in the unfocused position evoked enhanced positive responses in both early (180–230 ms) and late time windows (400–800 ms). Moreover, while a larger positivity was evoked by object‐referring pronouns compared to subject‐referring pronouns in the 400–800 ms time window over the right hemisphere, there was no effect of grammatical role in the 180–230 ms time window. These findings indicate that, while the initial stage of pronoun resolution is modulated by focus information assigned via a wh‐question structure, integration of the pronoun and its antecedent into a coherent discourse representation at the later stage could be constrained by various factors, including the focus status and possibly the grammatical role of the antecedent.
The Dynamics of Adolescent Depression: An Instrumental Variable Quantile Regression with Fixed Effects Approach
Authors: Contoyannis Paul , Li Jinhu 
Published: August 2016

Summary
The paper employs a recently developed instrumental variable approach for the estimation of dynamic quantile regression models with fixed effects to model the dynamics of health outcomes. Our proposed estimator not only allows us to control for individual-specific heterogeneity via fixed effects in the dynamic quantile regression framework but may also reduce the bias that exists in conventional fixed effects estimation of dynamic quantile regression models with small numbers of time periods. Using data on the children of the US National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 cohort, we examine the extent of true state dependence in youth depression conditional on unobserved individual heterogeneity and family socio-economic status. Our results suggest that true state dependence in youth depression among the survey respondents is very low and the observed positive association between previous and current depression is mainly due to time invariant unobserved individual heterogeneity.
Detection of a novel HLA‐B*46:01 variant, HLA‐B*46:01:22, in a Taiwanese individual
Authors: Yang K. L. , Chen S.‐P. , Lin P. Y. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractOne nucleotide replacement at residue 606 of HLA‐B*46:01:01 results in a new allele, HLA‐B*46:01:22.
Toward Integrative Dynamic Models for Adaptive Perspective Taking
Authors: Duran Nicholas , Dale Rick , Galati Alexia 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn a matter of mere milliseconds, conversational partners can transform their expectations about the world in a way that accords with another person's perspective. At the same time, in similar situations, the exact opposite also appears to be true. Rather than being at odds, these findings suggest that there are multiple contextual and processing constraints that may guide when and how people consider perspective. These constraints are shaped by a host of factors, including the availability of social and environmental cues, and intrinsic biases and cognitive abilities. To explain how these might be integrated in a new way forward, we turn to an adaptive account of interpersonal interaction. This account draws from basic principles of dynamical systems, principles that we argue are already expressed, both implicitly and explicitly, within a broad landscape of existing research. We then showcase an initial attempt to develop a computational framework to instantiate some of these principles. This framework, consisting of what we argue to be important mechanistic insights rendered by neural network models, is based on a promising and long‐standing approach that has yet to take hold in the current domain. We argue that by bridging this gap, new insights into other theoretical accounts, such as the connections between memory and common ground information, might be revealed.
Clinical outcomes with ABO antibody titer variability in a multicenter study of ABO‐incompatible kidney transplantation in the United Kingdom
Authors: Bentall Andrew , R. Barnett A. Nicholas , Braitch Manjit , Kessaris Nicos , McKane Will , Newstead Chas , McHaffie Gavin , Brown Alison , Griffin Sian , Mamode Nizam , Briggs David , Ball Simon 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUNDABO blood group‐incompatible kidney transplantation (ABOiKTx) outcomes are good, but complications are more common than in conventional transplantation. Regimens that use extracorporeal antibody removal therapy (EART) and enhanced immunosuppression are guided by titration of ABO blood group antibodies (using hemagglutination [HA] dilution assays), and these assays vary significantly in performance between centers. This study aims to describe the differences in titer measurement and the effect on clinical practice and outcomes.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSThis multicentre, prospective cohort study of 100 ABOiKTx recipients assessed treatment and outcome data, including HA assay results measured retrospectively in a single central laboratory.RESULTSPatient and allograft survival at 1 year was 99% and 94%, respectively. There were significant differences in the number of pretransplantation EART sessions in centers undertaking plasma exchange (PEx), compared with immunoadsorption (IA) (median, 6 vs. 4 sessions; p = 0.007). The pre‐EART HA titer in both groups was the same when centrally assayed. The local HA assay used to guide treatment yielded significantly higher titers in centers undertaking PEx compared with IA (median, 128 vs. 32; p < 0.005). Patients undergoing PEx rather than IA were significantly more likely to suffer postoperative hematoma (12.9% vs. 1.8%; p = 0.05) or any perioperative collection requiring drainage (19.4% vs. 3.6%; p = 0.02).CONCLUSIONThe colinearity of HA assay sensitivity with the receipt of PEx and EART limits some conclusions regarding the likely direction of causation. However, the association of differences in clinical practice with recognized perioperative complications of ABOiKTx identifies targets for further investigation and quality improvement.
Metastatic neuroendocrine carcinoma of aortic body origin in a cat
Authors: Hansen Sonya C. , Smith Annette N. , Kuo Kendon W. , Fish Eric J. , Koehler Jey W. , Martinez‐Romero Gisela , Bacek Lenore M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old, female spayed Domestic Shorthair cat was presented to the Auburn University Emergency and Critical Care service for evaluation of pleural effusion and a suspected intrathoracic mass. Computed tomography was performed which confirmed the presence of a large intrathoracic mass, likely heart‐based. Fine‐needle aspirates were obtained and a cytologic diagnosis of a neuroendocrine tumor was made. Treatment with toceranib phosphate was briefly attempted at home by the owners. The cat died at home approximately 6 weeks after diagnosis. Necropsy and subsequent histopathologic examination revealed a metastatic neuroendocrine carcinoma of aortic body origin. Aortic body tumors are extremely rare in cats and to the authors’ knowledge, a neuroendocrine carcinoma of aortic body origin with distant metastases has not yet been reported in a cat.
Hematologic reference intervals for Rana sylvatica (Lithobates sylvaticus) and effect of infection with Frog Virus 3 (Ranavirus sp., Iridoviridae)
Authors: Forzán María J. , Smith Todd G. , Vanderstichel Raphaël V. , Hogan Natacha S. , Gilroy Cornelia. V. 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundAlthough the Wood Frog, Rana sylvatica, is used in research on infectious diseases of amphibians, hematologic RIs or response to infection have not been established.ObjectivesThe purpose of the study was to determine hematologic RIs for adult Wood Frogs and alterations associated with infection with Frog Virus 3 (FV3, Ranavirus sp.).MethodsBlood was collected from 40 wild‐caught adult Wood Frogs that had been in captivity for 6 months. Complete (Natt–Herrick solution hemocytometry) and differential (Wright–Giemsa‐stained smears) WBC, RBC, and thrombocyte cell counts, PCV, and automated total cell counts (WBC+RBC+thrombocytes, Sysmex particle counting) were determined. Concordance correlation coefficients determined agreement between hemocytometric and automated total cell counts. Thirteen frogs were orally infected with a lethal dose of 104.43 plaque‐forming units of FV3 and terminally sampled 4, 9, or 14 days postinfection (dpi). Pre‐ and postinfection variables for each frog were compared.ResultsLeukocyte morphology was similar to that of other amphibians and mammals. Lymphocytes were the most numerous WBC. PCV and RBC counts were similar to other frogs in the same family. Agreement was good between hemocytometry and automated total cell counts. Infection with FV3 caused neutrophilia, increase in undifferentiated blast‐like cells, and reduction in the percentage of basophils. Lymphocytes decreased at 4 and 9 dpi but increased at 14 dpi. From 9 dpi onwards, nuclear deterioration and mild toxic change were present in neutrophils; viral cytoplasmic inclusion bodies were observed in lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils.ConclusionWe provide hematology RIs for Rana sylvatica, and report hematologic changes associated with a lethal FV3 infection.
Translaryngeal percutaneous arytenoid lateralization technique in a canine cadaveric study
Authors: Hardie Robert J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the technique for translaryngeal percutaneous arytenoid lateralization (TPAL) and the effect on rima glottidis cross‐sectional area using a canine cadaveric model.Study designEx vivo study.AnimalsCanine cadavers (n = 9).Materials and MethodsWith the aid of a laryngoscope, the larynx was visualized and a mattress suture (double‐armed 2‐0 polypropylene) was placed through the right arytenoid cartilage and exited the skin ventral to the jugular vein. The ends of the suture were passed through a button and tied on the skin to lateralize the right arytenoid cartilage. Digital images of the larynx were made before and after suture placement. Mean (±SD) rima glottidis cross‐sectional area (mm2) was calculated from the digital images and values before and after suture placement were compared using a paired t‐test. A P value < 0.05 was considered significant. Change in cross‐sectional area was expressed as percent increase.ResultsSuture placement and the degree of arytenoid lateralization was relatively consistent in all dogs. Mean (±SD) cross‐sectional area of the rima glottidis was 126.3 mm2 (±7.74) before and 172.1 mm2 (±24.7) after suture placement (P = 0.004). Mean percent increase in cross‐sectional area was 25%.ConclusionThe TPAL technique was effective at enlarging the rima glottidis in this canine cadaveric model. TPAL is rapid to perform and does not require specialized instrumentation. Results of this study support further investigation of the TPAL technique as an alternative to temporary tracheostomy for dogs in severe respiratory distress due to laryngeal paralysis.
Effect of platelet storage time on platelet measurements: a systematic review and meta‐analyses
Authors: Caram‐Deelder C. , Kreuger A. L. , Jacobse J. , van der Bom J. G. , Middelburg R. A. 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundThe storage time of platelet products negatively affects bacterial safety and platelet function. However, low maximum storage time increases outdating of valuable products. Thus, to quantify the effect of platelet storage time on platelet measurements after platelet transfusion, a systematic review and meta‐analyses were performed.MethodsReports and meeting abstracts of randomized trials and observational studies, performed in humans, reporting platelet measurements after transfusion of platelet products of different storage times, were selected until February 2016. Meta‐analyses were performed for four different storage time contrasts, each answering a different question. Random‐effects models were used to account for substantial heterogeneity and the weighted mean differences calculated.ResultsOur search strategy yielded 4234 studies of which 46 papers satisfied the inclusion criteria. As judged by the 1‐h corrected count increment, transfusions of fresher platelets compared to stored platelets showed better increment. The weighed mean difference varied from 2·11 (95%CI: 1·51–2·71) to 2·68 (95%CI: 1·92–3·45). For the 24‐h corrected count increment, the weighted mean difference varied from 1·36 (95%CI: 0·12–2·60) to 1·68 (95%CI: 1·07–2·28) depending on the contrast. Recovery and survival of old platelets as percentage of fresh platelets were 81% and 73% for the original definition contrast. For the extended storage contrast, recovery and survival were 75% and 68%.ConclusionsFresh platelets were superior to old platelets for all platelet measurements and for all storage time contrasts meta‐analysed.
Refining the risk estimate for transfusion‐transmission of occult hepatitis B virus
Authors: Seed C. R. , Kiely P. , Hoad V. C. , Keller A. J. 
Published: August 2016

Background and ObjectivesWe previously published a model to estimate the residual risk (RR) for occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) in the absence of universal anti‐HBc testing. To incorporate new information on the epidemiology of OBI, we describe model refinements and estimate a more accurate HBV RR due to OBI in Australia.Materials and MethodsIn our original model, the OBI risk, p(OBI), was defined by the rate of ‘non‐detection’ by the HBV DNA screening test in use, p(NAT non‐detection), and the average infectivity of blood components from OBI donors, p(transmission). We revised the model by integrating three refinements: that donations with anti‐HBs levels of >10 IU/l, or donations solely for manufactured plasma products, be excluded from the risk calculation, and an updated estimate of p(transmission).ResultsRefining our OBI RR model resulted in a more than 10‐fold reduction in the reported RR risk to recipients from OBI in our donor population. Based on the use of a common data set, the mean OBI RR risk decreased from 1 in 374 354 donations (95% CI: 1 in 191 940–1 072 681) to 1 in 3 984 033 (95% CI: 1 in 1 146 188–65 268 257) for the refined model.ConclusionOur model refinements provide a more realistic measure of the HBV RR in the donor population. Unlike the previous model, the new model demonstrates that the risk of HBV due to OBI in the Australian blood donor population is negligible, and further potentially cost‐ineffective risk management strategies are not currently warranted.
Reducing number field defining polynomials: an application to class group computations
Authors: Gélin Alexandre , Joux Antoine 
Published: August 2016

In this paper we describe how to compute smallest monic polynomials that define a given number field $\mathbb{K}$. We make use of the one-to-one correspondence between monic defining polynomials of $\mathbb{K}$ and algebraic integers that generate $\mathbb{K}$. Thus, a smallest polynomial corresponds to a vector in the lattice of integers of $\mathbb{K}$ and this vector is short in some sense. The main idea is to consider weighted coordinates for the vectors of the lattice of integers of $\mathbb{K}$. This allows us to find the desired polynomial by enumerating short vectors in these weighted lattices. In the context of the subexponential algorithm of Biasse and Fieker for computing class groups, this algorithm can be used as a precomputation step that speeds up the rest of the computation. It also widens the applicability of their faster conditional method, which requires a defining polynomial of small height, to a much larger set of number field descriptions.
Character theory approach to Sato–Tate groups
Authors: Shieh Yih-Dar 
Published: August 2016

In this article, we propose to use the character theory of compact Lie groups and their orthogonality relations for the study of Frobenius distribution and Sato–Tate groups. The results show the advantages of this new approach in several aspects. With samples of Frobenius ranging in size much smaller than the moment statistic approach, we obtain very good approximation to the expected values of these orthogonality relations, which give useful information about the underlying Sato–Tate groups and strong evidence of the correctness of the generalized Sato–Tate conjecture. In fact, $2^{10}$ to $2^{12}$ points provide satisfactory convergence. Even for $g=2$, the classical approach using moment statistics requires about $2^{30}$ sample points to obtain such information.
Physiological roles of Kv2 channels in entorhinal cortex layer II stellate cells revealed by Guangxitoxin‐1E
Authors: Hönigsperger Christoph , Nigro Maximiliano J. , Storm Johan F. 
Published: August 2016

Key points
Kv2 channels underlie delayed‐rectifier potassium currents in various neurons, although their physiological roles often remain elusive. Almost nothing is known about Kv2 channel functions in medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) neurons, which are involved in representing space, memory formation, epilepsy and dementia.
Stellate cells in layer II of the mEC project to the hippocampus and are considered to be space‐representing grid cells. We used the new Kv2 blocker Guangxitoxin‐1E (GTx) to study Kv2 functions in these neurons.
Voltage clamp recordings from mEC stellate cells in rat brain slices showed that GTx inhibited delayed‐rectifier K+ current but not transient A‐type current.
In current clamp, GTx had multiple effects: (i) increasing excitability and bursting at moderate spike rates but reducing firing at high rates; (ii) enhancing after‐depolarizations; (iii) reducing the fast and medium after‐hyperpolarizations; (iv) broadening action potentials; and (v) reducing spike clustering.
GTx is a useful tool for studying Kv2 channels and their functions in neurons.
AbstractThe medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) is strongly involved in spatial navigation, memory, dementia and epilepsy. Although potassium channels shape neuronal activity, their roles in mEC are largely unknown. We used the new Kv2 blocker Guangxitoxin‐1E (GTx; 10–100 nm) in rat brain slices to investigate Kv2 channel functions in mEC layer II stellate cells (SCs). These neurons project to the hippocampus and are considered to be grid cells representing space. Voltage clamp recordings from SCs nucleated patches showed that GTx inhibited a delayed rectifier K+ current activating beyond –30 mV but not transient A‐type current. In current clamp, GTx (i) had almost no effect on the first action potential but markedly slowed repolarization of late spikes during repetitive firing; (ii) enhanced the after‐depolarization (ADP); (iii) reduced fast and medium after‐hyperpolarizations (AHPs); (iv) strongly enhanced burst firing and increased excitability at moderate spike rates but reduced spiking at high rates; and (v) reduced spike clustering and rebound potentials. The changes in bursting and excitability were related to the altered ADPs and AHPs. Kv2 channels strongly shape the activity of mEC SCs by affecting spike repolarization, after‐potentials, excitability and spike patterns. GTx is a useful tool and may serve to further clarify Kv2 channel functions in neurons. We conclude that Kv2 channels in mEC SCs are important determinants of intrinsic properties that allow these neurons to produce spatial representation. The results of the present study may also be important for the accurate modelling of grid cells.
Diversity of the Tetracycline Mobilome within a Chinese Pig Manure Sample
Authors: Leclercq Sébastien Olivier , Wang Chao , Zhu Yaxin , Wu Hai , Du Xiaochen , Liu Zhipei , Feng Jie 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Tetracycline antibiotics are widely used in livestock, and tetracycline resistance genes (TRG) are frequently reported in the manure of farmed animals. However, the diversity of TRG-carrying transposons in manure has still been rarely investigated. Using a culture-free functional metagenomic procedure, combined with large-insert library construction and sequencing, bioinformatic analyses, and functional experiments, we identified 17 distinct TRGs in a single pig manure sample, including two new
tet
genes:
tet
(59), encoding a tetracycline efflux pump, and
tet
(W/N/W), encoding mosaic ribosomal protection. Our study also revealed six new TRG-carrying putative nonconjugative transposons: Tn
5706
-like transposon Tn
6298
, IS
200
/
605
-related transposon Tn
6303
, Tn
3
family transposon Tn
6299
, and three IS
CR2
-related transposons, Tn
62300
, Tn
62301
, and Tn
62302
.

IMPORTANCE
Fertilization of agricultural fields with animal manure is believed to play a major role in antibiotic resistance dissemination in the environment. There is growing concern for the possible spread of antibiotic resistance from the environment to humans since genetic resistance determinants may be located in transposons and other mobile genetic elements potentially transferable to pathogens. Among the various antibiotic resistance genes found in manure, tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs) are some of the most common. The present study provides a detailed snapshot of the tetracycline mobilome in a single pig manure sample, revealing an unappreciated diversity of TRGs and potential TRG mobility vectors. Our precise identification of the TRG-carrying units will enable us to investigate in more details their mobility effectiveness.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Phage AAT-1
Authors: Andrade-Domínguez Andrés , Kolter Roberto 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Aspects of the interaction between phages and animals are of interest and importance for medical applications. Here, we report the genome sequence of the lytic
Pseudomonas
phage AAT-1, isolated from mammalian serum. AAT-1 is a double-stranded DNA phage, with a genome of 57,599 bp, containing 76 predicted open reading frames.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Cylindrospermopsin-Producing Cyanobacterium,
Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii
CS505, Containing a Circular Chromosome and a Single Extrachromosomal Element
Authors: Fuentes-Valdés Juan J. , Plominsky Alvaro M. , Allen Eric E. , Tamames Javier , Vásquez Mónica 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii
is a freshwater cyanobacterium producing bloom events and toxicity in drinking water source reservoirs. We present the first genome sequence for
C. raciborskii
CS505 (Australia), containing one 4.1-Mbp chromosome and one 110-Kbp plasmid having G+C contents of 40.3% (3933 genes) and 39.3% (111 genes), respectively.
First Complete Genome Sequence of a Chikungunya Virus Strain Isolated from a Patient Diagnosed with Dengue Virus Infection in Malaysia
Authors: Ooi Man Kwan , Gan Han Ming , Rohani Ahmad , Syed Hassan Sharifah 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of a chikungunya virus coinfection strain isolated from a dengue virus serotype 2-infected patient in Malaysia. This coinfection strain was determined to be of the Asian genotype and contains a novel insertion in the
nsP3
gene.
Draft Genome Sequence of Cellulolytic and Xylanolytic
Cellulomonas
sp. Strain B6 Isolated from Subtropical Forest Soil
Authors: Piccinni Florencia , Murua Yanina , Ghio Silvina , Talia Paola , Rivarola Máximo , Campos Eleonora 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Cellulomonas
sp. strain B6 was isolated from a subtropical forest soil sample and presented (hemi)cellulose-degrading activity. We report here its draft genome sequence, with an estimated genome size of 4 Mb, a G+C content of 75.1%, and 3,443 predicted protein-coding sequences, 92 of which are glycosyl hydrolases involved in polysaccharide degradation.