bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dating the Holocene Incision of the Danube in Southern Hungary
Authors: Tóth Orsolya , Sipos György , Kiss Tímea , Bartyik Tamás 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe alluvial development of the Great Hungarian Plain has greatly been determined by the subsidence of different areas in the Pannonian Basin. The temporal variation of subsidence rates significantly contributed to the avulsion and shifting of main rivers. This was the case in terms of the Hungarian Lower Danube when occupying its present day N-S directional course. The considerable role of tectonic forcing is also supported by the presence of different floodplain levels. Although, several channel forms are identifiable on these the timing of floodplain development has been reconstructed up till now mostly by the means of geomorphological analysis, and hardly any numerical dates were available. The main aim of this study is to provide the first OSL dates for palaeo-channels located on the high floodplain surface of the Hungarian Lower Danube, and to determine the maximum age of low and high floodplain separation on the Kalocsa Plain. For the analysis two meanders were sampled close to the edge of the step slope between the two levels. According to the results, the development of the investigated palaeo-meanders could be rapid. The formation of the older meander was dated to the Late Atlantic, while the possible separation of the high and low floodplain surfaces could start in the beginning of the Subboreal Phase.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[(μ2-3-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-5-(pyridin-4-yl)-1,2,4-triazole-κ N:N′)-bis(benzoato-κO)zinc(II)], C24H18N6O4Zn
Authors: Yu-Fang Wang , Tai Jun-Hui 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
C24H18N6O4Zn, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 13.7579(8) Å, b = 8.5684(6) Å, c = 19.7973(10) Å, β = 96.500(6)°, V = 2318.8(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0521, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1297, T = 288 K.
The Risks of Operational Militarization: Increased Conflict Against Militarized Police
Authors: Carriere Kevin R. , Encinosa William 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe current state of race relations in the United States have brought to light the issue of the militarization of local police, where officers are being provided with unused equipment from the government’s war chest through the 1033 Program. But, is this increase in militarization beneficial, or does it harm relations between citizens and police? Using data on purchases provided by the Defense Logistics Agency, this paper analyzes effects of military purchases on assaults on police officers. Fixed effects negative binomial regressions on state-month level data show that stockpiling of material militarization equipment (guns, armor, and clothing) exhibits a statistically significant decrease in assaults, with guns showing no significant relation on assaults. However, operational militarization purchases (surveillance, sonar, and radar) lead to an increase of assaults, suggesting that there may be unforeseen consequences of increased militarization due to a change of structure and information gathering.
Closed-loop Administration of General Anaesthesia: From Sensor to Medical Device
Authors: Jeanne Mathieu , Tavernier Benoît , Logier Régis , De Jonckheere Julien 
Published: August 2017

AbstractClosed-loop administration devices for general anaesthesia have become a common subject of clinical research over the last decade and appear more and more acceptable in clinical practice. They encompass various therapeutic needs of the anesthetized patient, e. g. fluid administration, hypnotic and analgesic drug administration, myorelaxation. Multiple clinical trials involving closed-loop devices have underscored their safety, but data concerning their clinical benefit to the patient are still lacking. As the marketing of various devices increases, clinicians need to understand how comparisons between these devices can be made: the measure of performance error and wobble are technical but have also a clinical meaning, to which clinical outcomes can be added, such as drug consumption and maintenance of hemodynamic parameters (e. g. heart rate and blood pressure) within predefined ranges. Clinicians using closed-loop devices need especially to understand how various physiological signals lead to specific drug adaptations, which means that they switch from decision making to supervision of general anaesthesia.
Brain extracellular space, hyaluronan, and the prevention of epileptic seizures
Authors: Perkins Katherine L. , Arranz Amaia M. , Yamaguchi Yu , Hrabetova Sabina 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMutant mice deficient in hyaluronan (HA) have an epileptic phenotype. HA is one of the major constituents of the brain extracellular matrix. HA has a remarkable hydration capacity, and a lack of HA causes reduced extracellular space (ECS) volume in the brain. Reducing ECS volume can initiate or exacerbate epileptiform activity in many
Histone H4K20 tri‐methylation at late‐firing origins ensures timely heterochromatin replication
Authors: Brustel Julien , Kirstein Nina , Izard Fanny , Grimaud Charlotte , Prorok Paulina , Cayrou Christelle , Schotta Gunnar , Abdelsamie Alhassan F , Déjardin Jérôme , Méchali Marcel , Baldacci Giuseppe , Sardet Claude , Cadoret Jean‐Charles , Schepers Aloys , Julien Eric 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAmong other targets, the protein lysine methyltransferase PR‐Set7 induces histone H4 lysine 20 monomethylation (H4K20me1), which is the substrate for further methylation by the Suv4‐20h methyltransferase. Although these enzymes have been implicated in control of replication origins, the specific contribution of H4K20 methylation to DNA replication remains unclear. Here, we show that H4K20 mutation in mammalian cells, unlike in Drosophila, partially impairs S‐phase progression and protects from DNA re‐replication induced by stabilization of PR‐Set7. Using Epstein–Barr virus‐derived episomes, we further demonstrate that conversion of H4K20me1 to higher H4K20me2/3 states by Suv4‐20h is not sufficient to define an efficient origin per se, but rather serves as an enhancer for MCM2‐7 helicase loading and replication activation at defined origins. Consistent with this, we find that Suv4‐20h‐mediated H4K20 tri‐methylation (H4K20me3) is required to sustain the licensing and activity of a subset of ORCA/LRWD1‐associated origins, which ensure proper replication timing of late‐replicating heterochromatin domains. Altogether, these results reveal Suv4‐20h‐mediated H4K20 tri‐methylation as a critical determinant in the selection of active replication initiation sites in heterochromatin regions of mammalian genomes.
Improving the phenotype predictions of a yeast genome‐scale metabolic model by incorporating enzymatic constraints
Authors: Sánchez Benjamín J , Zhang Cheng , Nilsson Avlant , Lahtvee Petri‐Jaan , Kerkhoven Eduard J , Nielsen Jens 
Published: August 2017

AbstractGenome‐scale metabolic models (GEMs) are widely used to calculate metabolic phenotypes. They rely on defining a set of constraints, the most common of which is that the production of metabolites and/or growth are limited by the carbon source uptake rate. However, enzyme abundances and kinetics, which act as limitations on metabolic fluxes, are not taken into account. Here, we present GECKO, a method that enhances a GEM to account for enzymes as part of reactions, thereby ensuring that each metabolic flux does not exceed its maximum capacity, equal to the product of the enzyme's abundance and turnover number. We applied GECKO to a Saccharomyces cerevisiae GEM and demonstrated that the new model could correctly describe phenotypes that the previous model could not, particularly under high enzymatic pressure conditions, such as yeast growing on different carbon sources in excess, coping with stress, or overexpressing a specific pathway. GECKO also allows to directly integrate quantitative proteomics data; by doing so, we significantly reduced flux variability of the model, in over 60% of metabolic reactions. Additionally, the model gives insight into the distribution of enzyme usage between and within metabolic pathways. The developed method and model are expected to increase the use of model‐based design in metabolic engineering.
Cell-Free DNA in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Spindler Karen-Lise G. , Boysen Anders K. , Pallisgård Niels , Johansen Julia S. , Tabernero Josep , Sørensen Morten M. , Jensen Benny V. , Hansen Torben F. , Sefrioui David , Andersen Rikke F. , Brandslund Ivan , Jakobsen Anders 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Background
Circulating DNA can be detected and quantified in the blood of cancer patients and used for detection of tumor-specific genetic alterations. The clinical utility has been intensively investigated for the past 10 years. The majority of reports focus on analyzing the clinical potential of tumor-specific mutations, whereas the use of total cell-free DNA (cfDNA) quantification is somehow controversial and sparsely described in the literature, but holds important clinical information in itself. The purpose of the present report was to present a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prognostic value of total cfDNA in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with chemotherapy. In addition, we report on the overall performance of cfDNA as source for KRAS mutation detection.

Materials and Methods
A systematic literature search of PubMed and Embase was performed by two independent investigators. Eligibility criteria were (a) total cfDNA analysis, (b) mCRC, and (c) prognostic value during palliative treatment. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed, and meta-analysis applied on both aggregate data extraction and individual patients’ data.

Results
Ten eligible cohorts were identified, including a total of 1,076 patients. Seven studies used quantitative polymerase chain reaction methods, two BEAMing [beads, emulsification, amplification, and magnetics] technology, and one study digital droplet polymerase chain reaction. The baseline levels of cfDNA was similar in the presented studies, and all studies reported a clear prognostic value in favor of patients with lowest levels of baseline cfDNA. A meta-analysis revealed a combined estimate of favorable overall survival hazard ratio (HR) in patients with levels below the median cfDNA (HR = 2.39, 95% confidence interval 2.03–2.82, p &lt; .0001).

Conclusion
The total cfDNA levels are high in patients with mCRC and bear strong prognostic information, which should be tested prospectively by using a predefined cut-off value based on normal values in healthy cohorts. Finally, the potential use of cfDNA for detection of tumor-specific mutations was emphasized in a large individual patients’ data meta-analysis.
Exceptional Response with Immunotherapy in a Patient with Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Kollipara Revathi , Schneider Bryan , Radovich Milan , Babu Sunil , Kiel Patrick J. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Chemotherapy with or without radiation is the standard therapy for anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), although the response rate is not high and not durable. We describe a 62-year-old male who was diagnosed with ATC and initially treated with a thyroidectomy and lymph node dissection, followed by chemotherapy. Next generation sequencing was then performed to guide therapy and the tumor was found to have BRAF and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) positivity that was subsequently treated with vemurafenib and nivolumab. This led to substantial regression of tumor nodules. Genomic sequencing-based approaches to identify therapeutic targets has potential for improving outcomes. Currently, the patient continues to be in complete radiographic and clinical remission 20 months after beginning treatment with nivolumab.

Key Points
Programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 immunotherapy has shown evidence of durable responses in certain malignancies such as melanoma, lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. PD-L1 positive tumors promote autoimmunity against the tumor; therefore, PD-1/PD-L1 blockade may be beneficial. Molecular profiling could possibly result in improved targeted therapy for certain malignancies.
Relationship between thyroid function and ICU mortality (sick euthyroid syndrome)
Authors: Bose Priyadarsini , Dasarathan Ramesh , Murugesan Arun Shivaraman Mulaur , Chenthil K. S. 
Published: August 2017

Background: Sick euthyroid syndrome refers to alterations that occur in thyroid hormone levels in response to any critical illness like sepsis, ARDS, patients on mechanical ventilation and also any ICU patients. This study aimed at the relationship between thyroid hormone level changes and critical illness in ICU patients and predict the mortality based on thyroid hormone levels.Methods: A prospective study was designed to carry out in intensive care unit (ICU), Institute of internal medicine, Rajiv Gandhi government general hospital, Chennai for six months from May to August 2015. A total of 40 patients were selected who fulfilled the selection criteria.Results: APACHE II scores were calculated for all the 40 patients to assess whether thyroid function tests could independently predict the outcome of the patients. Again, the thyroid profile was compared with APACHE II scores in predicting the outcome. Values showed statistically significance.Conclusions: Thyroid profile can be used as an independent factor in predicting the outcome of the patients. Thyroid profile can also increase the sensitivity of APACHE II score in predicting the outcome.
Social Worker Specialization: A Panacea to Nigerian Prisons Rehabilitation Service
Authors: Aliyu Kehinde Adekunle , Mustaffa Jamaludin , Nasir NorruzeyatiCheMohd 
Published: August 2017

<p>Nigerian’s prisons conditions is pathetic, a very dreadful and incompetent of assuring expected rehabilitation of inmates. There exists a general rareness of infrastructures, policies, and corruption in the system. Given this context, the main thrust of this study was to examine the specialization of social worker on the impact of prison rehabilitation programmes on the welfare of the inmates. To achieve the purpose of this study content analysis through the use of books, journal publications and available sources on the internet library. This is to give a profounder understanding of the specialization issues that surround social workers in Nigerian prisons with a view of bettering the inmate’s life. The findings of this research work reveals that, lack of qualified social workers affect the rehabilitation programme aim at reforming the inmates. Also, the findings disclose poor founding and ineffective governance as responsible for the shortage staff in the prison, rigidity (bureaucratic bottle neck) and institutional failure. Issues such as corruption, nepotism, and regional sentiments were the real problems behind the unspecialized social workers in Nigerian prisons service. <em></em></p>
Emission of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) at a waterfall in a sewer: study of main factors affecting H2S emission and modeling approaches
Authors: Jung Daniel , Hatrait Laetitia , Gouello Julien , Ponthieux Arnaud , Parez Vincent , Renner Christophe 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) represents one of the main odorant gases emitted from sewer networks. A mathematical model can be a fast and low-cost tool for estimating its emission. This study investigates two approaches to modeling H2S gas transfer at a waterfall in a discharge manhole. The first approach is based on an adaptation of oxygen models for H2S emission at a waterfall and the second consists of a new model. An experimental set-up and a statistical data analysis allowed the main factors affecting H2S emission to be studied. A new model of the emission kinetics was developed using linear regression and taking into account H2S liquid concentration, waterfall height and fluid velocity at the outlet pipe of a rising main. Its prediction interval was estimated by the residual standard deviation (15.6%) up to a rate of 2.3 g H2S·h−1. Finally, data coming from four sampling campaigns on sewer networks were used to perform simulations and compare predictions of all developed models.
Pragmatic Randomized, Controlled Trial of Patient Navigators and Enhanced Personal Health Records in CKD
Authors: Navaneethan Sankar D. , Jolly Stacey E. , Schold Jesse D. , Arrigain Susana , Nakhoul Georges , Konig Victoria , Hyland Jennifer , Burrucker Yvette K. , Dann Priscilla Davis , Tucky Barbara H. , Sharp John , Nally Joseph V. 
Published: August 2017

Background and objectives
Patient navigators and enhanced personal health records improve the quality of health care delivered in other disease states. We aimed to develop a navigator program for patients with CKD and an electronic health record–based enhanced personal health record to disseminate CKD stage–specific goals of care and education. We also conducted a pragmatic randomized clinical trial to compare the effect of a navigator program for patients with CKD with enhanced personal health record and compare their combination compared with usual care among patients with CKD stage 3b/4.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Two hundred and nine patients from six outpatient clinics (in both primary care and nephrology settings) were randomized in a 2×2 factorial design into four-study groups: (1) enhanced personal health record only, (2) patient navigator only, (3) both, and (4) usual care (control) group. Primary outcome measure was the change in eGFR over a 2-year follow-up period. Secondary outcome measures included acquisition of appropriate CKD-related laboratory measures, specialty referrals, and hospitalization rates.

Results
Median age of the study population was 68 years old, and 75% were white. At study entry, 54% of patients were followed by nephrologists, and 88% were on renin-angiotensin system blockers. After a 2-year follow-up, rate of decline in eGFR was similar across the four groups (P=0.19). Measurements of CKD-related laboratory parameters were not significantly different among the groups. Furthermore, referral for dialysis education and vascular access placement, emergency room visits, and hospitalization rates were not statistically significant different between the groups.

Conclusions
We successfully developed a patient navigator program and an enhanced personal health record for the CKD population. However, there were no differences in eGFR decline and other outcomes among the study groups. Larger and long-term studies along with cost-effectiveness analyses are needed to evaluate the role of patient navigators and patient education through an enhanced personal health record in those with CKD.
Survey On Methanol Poisoning Epidemic in Rafsanjan City in Year 2013
Authors: Mirzaee Vahid , Riahi Zahra , Sharifzadeh Zahra , Kardoust Parizi Moein , Adinehpour Amir 
Published: August 2017

Background: Examination and early detection of the methanol toxicity epidemic are very important, so identification and initiation of appropriate therapy can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigation methanol poisoning epidemic in Rafsanjan city.Methods: This case series study was conducted in 252 patients with methanol poisoning in 2013 in the Ali-ibn-Abi-Talib hospital of Rafsanjan. Data were through interviews and records that were collected at hospital admission. Due to the large number of patients and the possible lack of ability of rapid measurement of serum levels of methanol and need of rapid intervention, treatment to reduce any further complications, early diagnosis and treatment were carried out by clinical history and interpretation of arterial blood gas test results. Data record on provided checklists and then analyzed using SPSS version 19.Results: The mean pH was 0.13±7.27. The most frequent clinical features were visual disturbances (39.7%), dyspnea (1.2%), and gastrointestinal symptoms (7.1%). There was a trend towards decreasing PCO2 with decreasing pH amongst the patients surviving. The opposite trend was demonstrated in the dying; the difference was highly significant by linear regression analyses (P< 0.001).Conclusions: Methanol poisoning still has a high morbidity and mortality, mainly because of late diagnosis and treatment. Respiratory arrest, coma and severe metabolic acidosis upon admission were strong predictors of poor outcome. Early admission and ability of respiratory compensation of metabolic acidosis were associated with survival.
Hematologic Changes in Patients with Graves’ disease in Gorgan During 2014-2015
Authors: Zahedi Maryam , Mirkamali Farzam , Hezarkhani Sharabeh , Motiee Armineh , Rezaei Shahmirzadi Arash , Molseghi Mohammad Hadi , Alipoor Reza 
Published: August 2017

Background: The most common cause of hyperthyroidism in areas without iodine deficiency is Graves’ disease. There are reports of some hematological alterations in hyperthyroidism. This study was designed to measure the hematologic profile in the patients with Graves’ disease before and after the treatment.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 patients were selected with convenience sampling that diagnosed as autoimmune Graves’ disease in our academic endocrinology clinic during 2014-2015. Inclusion criteria included autoimmune hyperthyroidism in patients who were referred to this center during the study period. Patients who refused to take part in the research, had recent infections disease, malignancies, surgical procedures, severe trauma, received immunosuppressive drugs or corticosteroids, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) values during the last six months, and not responded to treatment with methimazole were excluded from the study. The simple sampling technique was used to select the patients. A complete blood count (CBC) was taken before and after treatment. The P-value less than 0.05 was considered as the statistical significance level. All data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) software.Results: One hundred patients with a mean age of 38 ± 9.8 years were included. There were no significant changes in the white blood cells (WBC) count, red blood cells (RBC) count, and platelets. Mild anemia (Hb=12.16±1.23) present before treating the hyperthyroidism that was significantly improved after treatment (P= 0.000). Conclusions: Our results showed that the only significant hematologic change in patients with Graves’ disease was mild anemia that improves after treating the underlying thyroid disorder.
Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Plus: A Case Report and Review of Literatures
Authors: Sharifian Dorche Maryam , Khalili Mohammad Reza , Nomovi Masood , Sharifian Dorche Amirhosein 
Published: August 2017

Background: Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is an inherited visual loss and optic atrophy due to mitochondrial mutation. Most of these patients had not any other neurological signs and symptoms more than a visual loss. In a small group of the patients, other neurological manifestations may be occurs. This rare presentation of the disease was named " LHON plus syndromes ."Case presentation: A 15-year-old boy who was completely healthy until age 9, when he gradually developed painless visual loss in his right eye. After 3 months, similar symptoms occurred in his left eye. Within next 2 years, psychomotor regression happened, and at age 11, very intractable seizures were started. According to physical examination and past medical history, LHON plus syndrome was diagnosed for him. Management of seizure and other symptomatic treatments were started, and there was a weak response to drugs.Conclusion: Early diagnosis and ruling out treatable conditions are critical points in these patients.