bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peace leadership for youth leaders: a literature review
Authors: Alomair Miznah Omair 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review current literature on peace leadership and youth leadership. It aims to shed a light on the extent to which peace leadership can afford youth leaders and youth peace activists to engage in peace processes and peacebuilding initiatives. By understanding how notions of peace leadership are realized in youth leadership practices, the paper hopes to contribute to the ongoing dialogue on advancing the practice of peace leadership for present and future young leaders.

Design/methodology/approach
The literature review explored peace leadership from the approaches of peacebuilding processes, nonviolence, and an integral perspective; expanded the current understanding of youth leadership by presenting the theoretical foundations and the role of youth in leadership that align with an advanced view of youth leadership; and described the intersection of peace leadership and youth leadership by identifying how youth leadership is related to peace leadership within three overarching contexts: political systems, schools, and communities.

Findings
The literature review highlights the reciprocity between peace leadership and youth leadership. It identifies nonviolence, communication, dialogue, conflict resolution, mediation, building social capital, and relationship building as practices in which youth leaders engage in to promote peaceful and sustainable change in varying contexts.

Originality/value
This review of the literature presents the need for further research on the intersection of peace leadership with youth leadership to help advance both areas within the field of leadership studies and understand how peace leadership for youth informs leadership theory and practice across contexts and areas of discipline.
Assessing house prices in Germany: evidence from a regional data set
Authors: Kajuth Florian , Knetsch Thomas A. , Pinkwart Nicolas 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
With a view to the unconventional monetary policy measures implemented in the euro area in recent years, this study aims to investigate whether the recent house price increases in Germany are signals of an incipient overheating of the German housing market.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents a valuation measure for residential property based on a large and exhaustive regional panel data set for Germany. The fitted house prices from a panel regression at the district level, taking into account spatial spillovers, are taken as a measure of the fundamental equilibrium house prices, which can be aggregated for various regional subsets.

Findings
The estimation results suggest that apartment prices over the past years substantially exceeded the fundamental price suggested by the model, in particular in the big cities. Single-family houses appear to be markedly overvalued mainly in the cities. The low level of interest rates in recent years appears to have contributed to the emergence of misalignments.

Originality/value
Exploiting the variation across local housing markets, the estimation approach provides value-add for the estimation of house price valuation results in various regional subsets, as conventional time-series approaches to valuing property are subject to severe data limitations in the case of Germany.
Social media’s dark side: inducing boundary conflicts
Authors: van Zoonen Ward , Verhoeven Joost W.M. , Vliegenthart Rens 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the negative consequences of work-related social media use, and the extent to which the presence of social media policies in organizations are able to mitigate these consequences.

Design/methodology/approach
Internet-based survey data (N=575) was analyzed using structural equation modeling to test the indirect effect of social media use on exhaustion through work/life conflict.

Findings
This study shows that there is a dark side to social media use, as employees’ work-related social media use might be intrusive to their personal lives while simultaneously increasing life to work conflict. Furthermore, the results indicate that the current implementation of social media usage policies at work is not sufficient to defend employees against the negative consequences of social media use; namely, work/life conflict and ultimately exhaustion.

Research limitations/implications
The indirect pathways are assessed using cross-sectional data, which makes verifying causal relationships difficult.

Practical implications
The findings underscore the need for contemporary organizations to pragmatically intensify their efforts to mitigate the impacts of boundary conflict on workers’ well-being that result from increased use of social media for work.

Originality/value
This paper is among the first to demonstrate that the use of social media for work is related to exhaustion through increased work/life conflict.
The mediating role of sense of virtual community
Authors: Chang Hsin Hsin , Hsieh Pei-Hsuan , Fu Chen Su 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive model to illustrate the mediating role of sense of virtual community (SOVC) in virtual communities of practices (VCoPs). The interrelations between social capital and collective action in terms of knowledge contribution in the VCoP context are also examined.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 253 members from the Zclub and Jorsindo, responded to the survey. PLS-SEM path modeling was used to analyze survey data.

Findings
Members’ structural capital and cognitive capital both positively and significantly influence members’ SOVC, and, in turn, their SOVC influences relational capital.

Research limitations/implications
The study linked two theories, namely, social capital and theory of collective action, to discuss knowledge contribution in VCoPs. Social capital and SOVC have significant and positive effects on knowledge contribution in VCoPs.

Practical implications
Knowledge contributions in VCoPs are created through interactions among members, as well as the facilitation resulting from shared visions. Administrators can promote the formation of social-interaction ties in VCoPs to reinforce the formation of social capital and a SOVC.

Social implications
Administrators of knowledge-oriented groups must strive to sustain proper levels of SOVC among members to ensure their continued participation in VCoPs.

Originality/value
The main objectives of this study were to examine the effects of social capital (structural, cognitive, and relational capitals) on the quality and quantity of knowledge contribution. SOVC was proposed as a mediator in the relationship between structural and/or cognitive capital toward relational capital.
Photochromic Properties of 3‐Deoxyanthocyanidin Pigments in Nontoxic Solvents
Authors: Yagishita Yuki , Mihara Mai , Kohno Yoshiumi , Shibata Masashi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe photochromic properties of some naturally occurring 3‐deoxyanthocyanidin pigments were investigated in various nontoxic solvents. When luteolinidin, a representative 3‐deoxyanthocyanidin, was dissolved in a mixture of weakly acidic water and an organic solvent with a relative permittivity between 20 and 34, it was possible to repeatedly induce coloration via ultraviolet irradiation and decoloration under light‐shielded conditions. 1,3‐Butanediol and ethanol, which are approved for use in foods, cosmetics, and household goods, were found to be appropriate organic solvents for this process. In addition, we confirmed that other 3‐deoxyanthocyanidins, specifically apigeninidin and tricetinidin, which are commonly found in food grains and tea leaves, also exhibit photochromic properties.
Metabolic alterations in the anterior cingulate cortex and related cognitive deficits in late adolescent methamphetamine users
Authors: Kim Jieun E. , Kim Geon Ha , Hwang Jaeuk , Kim Jung Yoon , Renshaw Perry F. , Yurgelun‐Todd Deborah A. , Kim Binna , Kang Ilhyang , Jeon Saerom , Ma Jiyoung , Lyoo In Kyoon , Yoon Sujung 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe adolescent brain, with ongoing prefrontal maturation, may be more vulnerable to drug use‐related neurotoxic changes as compared to the adult brain. We investigated whether the use of methamphetamine (MA), a highly addictive psychostimulant, during adolescence affect metabolic and cognitive functions of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). In adolescent MA users (n = 44) and healthy adolescents (n = 53), the levels of N‐acetyl aspartate (NAA), a neuronal marker, were examined in the ACC using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The Stroop color–word task was used to assess Stroop interference, which may reflect cognitive functions of behavior monitoring and response selection that are mediated by the ACC. Adolescent MA users had lower NAA levels in the ACC (t = −2.88, P = 0.005) and relatively higher interference scores (t = 2.03, P = 0.045) than healthy adolescents. Moreover, there were significant relationships between lower NAA levels in the ACC and worse interference scores in adolescent MA users (r = −0.61, P < 0.001). Interestingly, early onset of MA use, as compared to late onset, was related to both lower NAA levels in the ACC (t = −2.24, P = 0.03) as well as lower performance on interference measure of the Stroop color–word task (t = 2.25, P = 0.03). The current findings suggest that metabolic dysfunction in the ACC and its related cognitive impairment may play an important role in adolescent‐onset addiction, particularly during early adolescence.
Review: Pharmacogenetics of alcoholism treatment: Implications of ethnic diversity
Authors: Cservenka Anita , Yardley Megan M. , Ray Lara A. 
Published: November 2016

Background and ObjectivesPharmacogenetic studies of alcohol use disorder (AUD) have suggested that the efficacy of treatments for AUD is, in part, influenced by the genetic background of an individual. Since the frequency of alleles associated with pharmacotherapy for AUD varies by ancestral background, the effectiveness of medications used to treat AUD may vary among different populations. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing pharmacogenetic studies of treatments for AUD in individuals of European, East Asian, African, and American Indian/Alaska Native ancestry.MethodsElectronic databases were searched for pharmacogenetic studies of AUD treatment that included individuals of diverse ancestral backgrounds.ResultsPharmacogenetic studies of AUD reviewed here have primarily investigated genetic variation thought to play a role in the response to naltrexone, ondansetron, and topiramate. There is support that the A118G polymorphism should be further investigated in individuals of East Asian ancestry.Discussion and ConclusionsGiven the lack of pharmacogenetic research on response to AUD medication in ethnic minority populations and the mixed results, there is a critical need for future studies among individuals of different ancestries. More efforts should be devoted to standardizing procedures such that results can be more readily integrated into a body of literature that can directly inform clinical practice.Scientific SignificanceThis review highlights the importance for future research to aim for inclusiveness in pharmacogenetic studies of AUD and increase diversity of clinical trials in order to provide the best treatment outcomes for individuals across different racial and ethnic groups. (Am J Addict 2017;26:516–525)
Lipopolysaccharides, but not Angiotensin ll, lnduces Direct Pro‐lnflammatory Effects in Cultured Mouse Arteries and Human Endothelial and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Outzen Emilie M. , Zaki Marina , Mehryar Rahila , Abdolalizadeh Bahareh , Sajid Waseem , Boonen Harrie C. M. , Sams Anette , Sheykhzade Majid 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAngiotensin II (Ang II) might induce pro‐inflammatory effects directly in the vascular wall independently of its haemodynamic effects. The aim of our study was to investigate the putative direct pro‐inflammatory and vasomotor effects of Ang II and compare to those of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in mouse isolated mesenteric resistance‐sized arteries (MRA) supported by experiments in cultured human primary endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. Results showed that 24‐hr organ culture of mouse MRA with 10 nM Ang II had, unlike 100 ng/mL LPS, no effects on IL‐6 or MCP‐1 secretion, VCAM1 mRNA expression or endothelial function, while Ang II significantly decreased maximal vasomotor responses to phenylephrine. In support, 24‐hr organ culture of mouse MRA significantly suppressed Agtr1a mRNA and augmented Tlr4 mRNA along with attenuated vasomotor responses to Ang II. Moreover, contrary to LPS and TNF‐α, Ang II and [Sar1]‐Ang II had no concentration‐ or time‐dependent effects on IL‐6 and MCP‐1 secretion in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC). AGTR1 or AGTR2 mRNA expression was undetectable in HUVEC, whereas HASMC expressed only AGTR1 mRNA. In summary, contrary to previous studies and the observed effects of LPS, we could not demonstrate direct vascular pro‐inflammatory effects of Ang II ex vivo or in vitro. As indicated by our results, down‐regulation or desensitization of AT1R during culture may explain our findings.
Differential neural correlates of autobiographical memory recall in bipolar and unipolar depression
Authors: Young Kymberly D , Bodurka Jerzy , Drevets Wayne C 
Published: November 2016

ObjectivesAutobiographical memory (AM) recall is impaired in both bipolar depression (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). The current study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate differences between healthy controls (HCs) and depressed participants with either BD or MDD as they recalled AMs that varied in emotional valence.MethodsUnmedicated adults in a current major depressive episode who met criteria for either MDD or BD and HCs (n=16/group) underwent fMRI while recalling AMs in response to emotionally valenced cue words. Control tasks involved generating examples from a given category and counting the number of risers in a letter string.ResultsBoth participants with BD and those with MDD recalled fewer specific and more categorical memories than HC participants. During specific AM recall of positive memories, participants with BD showed increased hemodynamic activity in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula, middle temporal gyrus, parahippocampus, and amygdala relative to MDD and HC participants, as well as decreased dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC) activity relative to MDD participants. During specific AM recall of negative memories, participants with BD manifested decreased activity in the precuneus, amygdala, anterior cingulate, and DLPFC along with increased activity in the dorsomedial PFC relative to MDD participants.ConclusionsWhile depressed participants with BD and MDD exhibited similar depression ratings and memory deficits, the brain regions underlying successful AM recall significantly differentiated these patient groups. Differential amygdala activity during emotional memory recall (particularly increased activity in participants with BD for positive AMs) may prove useful in the differentiation of individuals with MDD and BD experiencing a depressive episode.
Phylogeny of the North American catfish family Ictaluridae (Teleostei: Siluriformes) combining morphology, genes and fossils
Authors: Arce‐H. Mariangeles , Lundberg John G. , O'Leary Maureen A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe performed the first combined‐data phylogenetic analysis of ictalurids including most living and fossil species. We sampled 56 extant species and 16 fossil species representing outgroups, the seven living genera, and the extinct genus †Astephus long thought to be an ictalurid. In total, 209 morphological characters were curated and illustrated in MorphoBank from published and original work, and standardized using reductive coding. Molecular sequences harvested from GenBank for one nuclear and four mitochondrial genes were combined with the morphological data for total evidence analysis. Parsimony analysis recovers a crown clade Ictaluridae composed of seven living genera and numerous extinct species. The oldest ictalurid fossils are the Late Eocene members of Ameiurus and Ictalurus. The fossil clade †Astephus placed outside of Ictaluridae and not as its sister taxon. Previous morphological phylogenetic studies of Ictaluridae hypothesized convergent evolution of troglobitic features among the subterranean species. In contrast, we found morphological evidence to support a single clade of the four troglobitic species, the sister taxon of all ictalurids. This result holds whether fossils are included or not. Some previously published clock‐based age estimates closely approximate our minimum ages of clades.
The Impact of Flipped Online Kanji Instruction on Written Vocabulary Learning for Introductory and Intermediate Japanese Language Students
Authors: Mori Yoshiko , Omori Motoko , Sato Kumi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis study explored the pedagogical benefits of flipped online kanji (i.e., Chinese characters used in Japanese) instruction integrated into college‐level introductory and intermediate Japanese language courses. Using a quasi‐experimental mixed design, the investigation looked at the effects of two instructional approaches: (1) a flip approach in which students learned new characters using online materials prior to class, and (2) the conventional (nonflip) approach in which in‐class lectures were followed by printed exercises. During the 2014–2015 academic year, a total of 46 students who were enrolled in introductory or intermediate courses learned 9 to 12 sets of 10 new kanji characters per semester through one lesson per week. Half of the lessons were taught in the flip format, and the other half were taught in the nonflip format. The results showed that introductory students scored better on postlesson tests in the flip condition than in the nonflip condition only for fall 2014 but not for spring 2015, whereas no statistically significant difference was observed for intermediate students. However, the students in both courses reported that online exercises helped them improve their kanji knowledge. Consequently, a substantial portion of kanji instruction can be shifted to self‐paced, semi‐structured online learning with no negative impact on instructional quality.
Novel translocation intermediate allows re‐evaluation of roles of ATP, proton motive force and SecG at the late stage of preprotein translocation
Authors: Nishiyama Ken‐ichi , Tokuda Hajime 
Published: November 2016

Presecretory proteins such as pOmpA are translocated across the inner membrane of Escherichia coli by Sec translocase powered by ATP and proton motive force (PMF). Translocation activity has been determined by protease protection assaying in vitro. We identified a new translocation intermediate at a late stage, which was protected by proteinase K (PK), but became PK sensitive upon urea extraction. At a late stage of pOmpA translocation driven by PMF in the presence of a nonhydrolyzable ATP analogue, the PK‐protected materials arose, but were pulled back upon urea extraction, indicating that completion of translocation requires ATP hydrolysis. When inverted membrane vesicles prepared from secG‐null strain (ΔSecG IMV) were used in the absence of PMF, the translocation intermediate was accumulated. When the ATP concentration was low in the absence of PMF, the translocation intermediate was also accumulated. Imposition of PMF in the presence of a low ATP concentration caused recovery of pOmpA translocation and resistance to urea extraction for SecG+ IMV, but not for ΔSecG IMV. Thus, analysis of the late translocation intermediate showed that two of three constituents, physiological concentration of ATP, PMF and SecG, are required for the catalytic cycle of preprotein translocation, that is, completion and subsequent initiation of translocation.
Reconstruction of body cavity volume in terrestrial tetrapods
Authors: Clauss Marcus , Nurutdinova Irina , Meloro Carlo , Gunga Hanns‐Christian , Jiang Duofang , Koller Johannes , Herkner Bernd , Sander P. Martin , Hellwich Olaf 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAlthough it is generally assumed that herbivores have more voluminous body cavities due to larger digestive tracts required for the digestion of plant fiber, this concept has not been addressed quantitatively. We estimated the volume of the torso in 126 terrestrial tetrapods (synapsids including basal synapsids and mammals, and diapsids including birds, non‐avian dinosaurs and reptiles) classified as either herbivore or carnivore in digital models of mounted skeletons, using the convex hull method. The difference in relative torso volume between diet types was significant in mammals, where relative torso volumes of herbivores were about twice as large as that of carnivores, supporting the general hypothesis. However, this effect was not evident in diapsids. This may either reflect the difficulty to reliably reconstruct mounted skeletons in non‐avian dinosaurs, or a fundamental difference in thebauplanof different groups of tetrapods, for example due to differences in respiratory anatomy. Evidently, the condition in mammals should not be automatically assumed in other, including more basal, tetrapod lineages. In both synapsids and diapsids, large animals showed a high degree of divergence with respect to the proportion of their convex hull directly supported by bone, with animals like elephants orTriceratopshaving a low proportion, and animals such as rhinoceros having a high proportion of bony support. The relevance of this difference remains to be further investigated.
Percutaneous PDA Closure in Extremely Low Birth Weight Babies
Authors: Narin Nazmi , Pamukcu Ozge , Baykan Ali , Sunkak Suleyman , Ulgey Ayse , Uzum Kazim 
Published: November 2016

AimPatent Ductus Arteriosus is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in preterms. As birth weight decrease, risks increase. Main aim of our study is to emphasize the effectiveness and safety of percutaneous PDA closure even in extremely low birth infants.Materials and MethodsIn our center between the dates June 2014–June 2016, PDA of 10 patients less than 1,000 gr were closed percutaneously. To the best of our knowledge this study includes the largest cohort of infants less than 1,000 g in the literature, that PDA of those were percutaneously closed.ResultsSymptomatic patients, less than 1,000 gr having PDA were included in the study. All have 3 times medical therapy for PDA closure but it did not work. PDA was decided to be contributor of this medical state of them. The mean patient age was 19.5 ± 7.2 days. The median weight was 950 (842–983) gr. Mean gestational age was: 26.3 ± 0.63 weeks. Mean PDA diameter was 1.9 ± 0.41 mm. Morphology of PDA:6 of them were conical and 4 of them were tubular. In all patients ADOII‐AS device were used for PDA closure via venous route. No major complications were reported. Left pulmonary arterial stenosis was detected in 1 patient who was resolved in 6 months duration.ConclusionWe want to emphasize that in experienced centers percutaneous closure of PDA can be an alternative to surgery even in the extremely low birth weight babies.