bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifications from the Parkes-MIT-NRAO Surveys
Authors: Tasker Niven J. , Wright Alan E. , McConnell David , Savage Ann , Kesteven Michael J. , Troup Euan , Griffith Mark 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe Parkes-MIT-NRAO (PMN) 4.85 GHz continuum radio survey of the southern sky was undertaken in 1990 June and November. This survey was performed on the Parkes 64 m telescope using the NRAO seven-beam receiver. A point-source catalogue of 36,640 radio sources has been produced for the Southern Survey zone −87.5° ≤δ ≤ −37° and for the Tropical Survey zone −29° ≤δ ≤ −9.5°. The flux limit of this survey varies with declination and is typically about 30 mJy.We have begun to cross-correlate the PMN data with sources contained in catalogues compiled at radio, and other, wavelengths. We have found associations for 96% of the PKSCAT90 2700 MHz database sources, and 95% of the Molonglo 408 MHz Catalogue sources within in the PMN Southern and Tropical Survey zones.A program to identify the optical counterparts of PMN Southern Survey point sources, S4.85 GHz ≥ 70 mJy, using the COSMOS database, is under way. To facilitate this programme we are improving the positional accuracy of PMN sources with observations made at the Australia Telescope National Facility compact array. We have developed a new “snapshot” mode of observing to process the large number of sources (~ 8000) in our sample. It is possible to obtain accurate positions from three snapshots efficiently with a total integration of < 3 minutes.
Preliminary Results from a New Survey of Ringed Galaxies
Authors: Buta R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe SRC-J and ESO-B Sky Survey copy films are being used to compile a major new catalogue of apparent diameters, axis ratios, and relative bar/ring position angles of inner and outer rings in more than one thousand southern galaxies. This paper presents a preliminary analysis of the data for about two hundred SB rings of both types. It is concluded that the rings have a wide range of intrinsic eccentricities, and more importantly that they have preferred alignments, one mode for inner rings and two for outer rings, with respect to bars.
Upper Mass Limits for Hydrogen-Rich Planetary Nebula Nuclei
Authors: Faulkner D. J . , Wood P. R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe have discovered a radiation levitation mechanism which, under certain circumstances, can remove the last vestiges of hydrogen-rich material from an incipient planetary nebula nucleus if its mass exceeds a critical value of about 0.85M⊙. This process may be responsible for the production of helium-rich planetary nuclei, and their progeny the DB white dwarfs.
Pulsar Astronomy at Molonglo
Authors: Manchester R. N. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMolonglo Observatory has played an important role in pulsar astronomy from shortly after the initial discovery announcement in 1968 to the present. Its major contribution has been in the area of searches for new pulsars – for most of the 17-year period more than half of the known pulsars were Molonglo discoveries. The history of pulsar astronomy at Molonglo is reviewed and a brief account of current observation programs is given.
A Search for 843 MHz Radio Emission from Active Stars
Authors: Vaughan A. E. , Large M. I. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractKnown Southern flare stars and RSCVn-like variables are being observed with the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope in an attempt to detect quiescent (non-flaring) emission. Two flare stars out of 7 and one RSCVn out of 8 have been detected. Quiescent emission has not been observed previously from these sources at such a low frequency. All sources so far detected have mean flux densities below 10 mJy and in at least two of them the emission varies with a time scale of about one day.
1452-517: A Giant Radio Galaxy at Low Galactic Latitude
Authors: Jones P. A . 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAs part of a program to investigate southern extragalactic radio sources, the Molonglo Reference Catalogue source 1452-517 has been observed with, the MOST and FST. It was found to have a compact core and broad lobes giving an angular size of around 20 arcmin. Despite the low galactic latitude (b = 6°) a probable identification has been made with a magnitude 18 galaxy indicating a physical size of over 1 Mpc.
Radioastronomy through an Artificial Ionospheric Window—Spacelab 2 Observations
Authors: Ellis G. R. A. , Klekociuk A. , Goldstone G. T. , Medillo Michael 
Published: July 2016

Abstract Observations of the galactic background radio emission at a number of frequencies between 2.7 MHz and 1.07 MHz were made in association with the plasma depletion experiments of Spacelab-2 to test the concept of making low frequency radio observations through an artificial ionospheric window. Following the Shuttle OMS burn at a time when foF2 was 1.99 MHz, a decrease in the maximum ionospheric electron density of approximately 30% occurred. The first observations of the radio emission at high galactic latitudes with good angular resolution (25 degrees) were obtained during this event.
Observations of 1.91 MHz Echoes from the Magnetic Conjugate Point After Propagation Through a Magneto-ionic Duct
Authors: Goldstone G. T . , Ellis G.R.A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractPropagation of 150 μs radio pulses (f= 1.91 MHz) along a magnetospheric field-aligned ionization duct have been observed, under conditions of low ionospheric critical frequency. The echoes, presumably reflected from the ionosphere at the magnetic conjugate point, were received at the transmitting site near Hobart. Positively identified echoes were observed on six separate occasions during periods of moderate solar activity, with delay times of approximately 260 ms, representing a value L = 2.95.
Fall-sown cover crops as mulches for weed suppression in organic small-scale diversified vegetable production
Authors: Bietila Eric , Silva Erin M. , Pfeiffer Anne C. , Colquhoun Jed B. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractCover crop-based reduced tillage (CCBRT) has achieved positive impacts in organic row crop systems, contributing to the conservation of soil resources and the facilitation of weed management. This technique, which uses cover crop residues as mulches to suppress weeds, has shown more variable success in organic vegetable production systems. This experiment examined CCBRT for small-scale organic vegetable production in the upper Midwestern USA, specifically evaluating weed suppression, labor inputs and crop yields. Cereal rye (Secale cerealeL.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) were fall-sown in 2012 and 2013 in a strip-plot design, including control treatments with no cover crop and spring-applied oat straw mulch. Cover crop plots were strip-tilled in mid-April to establish a planting zone, with cover crops terminated in late May at anthesis with a hand-tractor mounted sickle-bar mower. Bell peppers (Capsicum annuumL. var. ‘Revolution’), snap beans (Phaseolus vulgarisL. var. ‘Tavera’), and potatoes (Solanum tuberosumL. var. ‘Red La Soda’) were hand-planted either as transplants or seed in each treatment immediately following cover crop termination. During each summer growing season, weeds were completely eliminated from each plot by hand approximately every 10–14 days, with time for manual weeding recorded for each treatment. Vegetable crop yields and quality were measured at harvest during 2013 and 2014. Cereal rye and winter wheat produced similar biomass at the time of termination. Greater weed biomass was collected in the wheat treatment as compared with the cereal rye, increasing the in-season labor required for manual weeding. Bean yields were decreased in the all CCBRT treatments compared with control treatments in both years of the study. Pepper yields did not differ in CCBRT treatments as compared with the control in both 2012 and 2013, although the CCBRT treatments did yield lower marketable peppers compared with the straw mulch plots. Potato tuber yields were not different in the CCBRT treatments as compared with the control in 2012, but were lower in 2013. These data indicate that, if CCBRT is to be more widely adopted in small-scale vegetable production, further optimization of the system must be achieved to ensure consistent and adequate weed suppression while maintaining crop yield and quality.
The Authorization of Religio-political Discourse: Monks and Buddhist Activism in Contemporary Myanmar and Beyond
Authors: Walton Matthew J. , Jerryson Michael 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThrough the example of contemporary Buddhist nationalist groups in Myanmar, this article draws attention to the cultural authorization of religio-political discourse. The symbolic power of a monk's pronouncements is amplified because of the cultural reverence attached to his vocation as a Buddhist monk, even without doctrinal references or ritual practices. A monk's cultural position within Burmese Buddhism particularly strengthens his authority when he frames his preaching and actions as a defense of Buddhism. Without attention to these cultural institutions and the religious authority they confer, the resonance and influence of monks' words cannot be completely understood. Furthermore, without directly responding to the logic of these authorizing discourses, responses intended to counter the violence emerging from Buddhist nationalism and promote tolerance will be ineffective.
The Right of Access to Justice: Judicial Discourse in Singapore and Malaysia
Authors: Chan Gary K Y 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis is an essay on judicial discourse in Singapore and Malaysia pertaining to the nature and scope of the right of access to justice, including access to justice for the poor. We will examine the statements and pronouncements by the Singapore and Malaysia judiciary in case precedents and extra-judicial statements. Some of the issues explored include the legal status of this right of access to justice (namely, whether it is a right enshrined in the constitution or merely a right derived from the common law and whether it is qualified by economic and other interests) and the associated rights of legal representation, legal aid and contingency fees.
Keyword Advertising: Challenging the Traditional Concept of “Use” under Malaysian Trade Mark Law
Authors: Tay Pek San 
Published: July 2016

AbstractKeyword advertising involves the sale of keywords, sometimes comprising the trade marks of others, by search engine providers so that the keyword purchasers' advertisements are triggered as sponsored results whenever Internet users type in any of the keywords as search terms. This method of online advertising is new and novel and has been embraced widely by many businesses. However, its legality, particularly in the sale of keywords comprising the trade marks of others, has been challenged in a number of major jurisdictions. This article examines the approach of the courts in the U.S. and the UK with regard to the practice of keyword advertising with particular emphasis on the concept of “trade mark use.” With these foreign decisions serving as a useful guide, this article analyses and evaluates whether the practice of keyword advertising is legal under Malaysian trade mark law as embodied in the Trade Marks Act 1976.
Impending Amendments to Korean Corporate Laws in 2009: A Mystic Mix
Authors: Jeong Young-Cheol K. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe corporate law reform initiatives proposed by the Korean government in 2008 are still pending before the National Assembly. While the Korean government was sympathetic to the arguments by business interests for liberal rules conducive to business organization, these demands have to be weighed against the desire for good corporate governance norms that promote accountability and transparency. Such a tension has unfortunately resulted in internal contradictions and uncertainties in the context of Korea. This article points out the uncertainties that the reform initiatives have left unresolved and the potential for their resolution by the judiciary. More fundamentally, the author argues that, in order to resolve the issues currently left unanswered, there is a need to address the debates regarding the theoretical foundations of the corporation.
Averting Diversity: A Review of Nominations and Appointments to the Philippine Supreme Court (1988-2008)
Authors: Gatmaytan Dante B. , Magno Cielo 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis paper is an empirical study on the nominations and appointments of Supreme Court Justices during a twenty-year period from 1988, when the Judicial and Bar Council (JBC) was created in the 1987 Philippine Constitution, to 2008. The study examines the profile of individuals nominated by the JBC including their gender, age, geographical origin, academic background, and professional experience. It also explores whether the appointing Presidents display any preferences based on personal characteristics relating the effects of these preferences to the diversity on the Supreme Court. The study indicates that nominees and appointees all hail from the same background. As a result, membership of the Supreme Court is sorely unrepresentative of Philippine society. This study sets the stage for future research that will determine how this lack of diversity on the Supreme Court can affect the resolution of legal issues.
The ASEAN Comprehensive Investment Agreement: Realizing a Regional Community
Authors: Zhong Zewei 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn recent decades, States have concluded numerous regional investment treaties, even as the feverish growth in bilateral investment treaties worldwide continues apace. This increasing regionalism within international investment law is a double-edged phenomenon. On the one hand, the risks of fragmentation and incoherence increase exponentially as a regional layer is added to the already-messy “spaghetti bowl” of investment treaties. The noble dream of a uniform, multilateralized set of investment-protection standards thus looks ever more unattainable. On the other hand, a regional investment treaty affords an opportunity for a group of States to balance, in a particularistic manner, between investment-related obligations and other non-investment priorities. This essay focuses on the ASEAN Comprehensive Investment Agreement signed in 2009, arguing that it is a region-specific bargain embedded within ASEAN's wider normative and institutional framework. The potential conflicts between ASEAN Member States' investment-related obligations and their commitments under two other regional projects are explored, and recommendations are made as to how arbitral tribunals can manage such conflicts.
A Multilateral Tax Treaty for ASEAN ― Lessons from the Andean, Caribbean, Nordic and South Asian Nations
Authors: Jogarajan Sunita 
Published: July 2016

AbstractASEAN member countries recently reiterated and renewed their commitment to creating the ASEAN Economic Community. Tax has a role to play in facilitating the creation of the AEC and ASEAN member countries have committed to completing the intra-ASEAN network of bilateral tax treaties in pursuit of this goal. This paper suggests that instead of continuing with the monumental task of agreeing individual bilateral tax treaties, ASEAN member countries should learn from the experience of other regional blocs and conclude a multilateral tax treaty. The conclusion of a multilateral tax treaty would address the general problems associated with bilateral tax treaties, strengthen ASEAN's presence in international tax relations and symbolise ASEAN's commitment to the creation of the AEC.
Returning a Verdict on the Jury: How the Japanese Have Reacted to the Introduction of a Lay Judge System
Authors: Croydon Silvia A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis article considers the reactions in Japan to the newly introduced quasi-jury system. It illustrates how first-hand experience with jury justice has transformed Japan from a country hostile to that institution to one where it is widely endorsed. This finding undermines the popular notion that Japan's legal culture is incongruous with this democratic institution, and thus augurs well for analogous transitions being made in other East Asian countries with legal traditions similar to that of Japan. Furthermore, it underlines the reasons why those countries in the West that are letting jury trial erode should perhaps think twice about doing so.
Religious Legal Pluralism Revisited – The Status of the Roman Catholic Church and Her Canon Law in Singapore
Authors: Bell Gary F. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBy religious legal pluralism we usually mean state-recognised legal pluralism, such as the kind of legal pluralism implemented in Singapore through the Administration of Muslim Law Act. But there is also religious legal pluralism outside State recognition and enforcement. Many religions have very long legal traditions which have survived, often without much support or official recognition by States (Jewish law, for example). In this paper we shall look at one such tradition, the canon law of the Latin Church of the Roman Catholic Church and its implementation by the Church in Singapore, including the establishment of very busy ecclesiastical tribunals in Singapore to administer disputes relating to the possible nullity of religious marriages, for example. The hope is that this example of Canon Law in Singapore will show that there can be very detailed and formal religious laws implemented by formal institutions such as tribunals outside the ambit of the State.
Transplantation of Derivative Actions to Vietnam - Tip-offs from Absence of Academic Debate
Authors: Quach Quynh Thuy 
Published: July 2016

AbstractDerivative actions have just been newly introduced into Vietnamese company law in 2010. The adoption of the derivative action is a striking signal of Vietnam's affiliation with the litigation bandwagon of East Asian countries. Unlike those Asian countries where the issue of the transplanting and functioning of derivative actions are well-discussed topics in the corporate governance literature, such discussions have not yet begun in Vietnam. In fact, the derivative action was adopted without a domestic academic debate to pave the way for its introduction. The lack of discussion on the one hand is troublesome to those who want to review the transplantation of the derivative action to Vietnam. On the other hand, this absence also detaches the Vietnamese academic debate from the on-going international debate on the subject.Seeking possible explanations for the absence of such debate is the first aim of this article. Towards this end, the article proposes three explanation which help to explain why the derivative action had never been widely discussed in Vietnam before its introduction. Such explanations enable us to better understand the context in which the action was introduced. Moreover, the explanations provide us with hints to predict the feasibility of the derivative action in the jurisdiction. The second aim of this article is to give some suggestions to improve the newly-adopted regulations on derivative actions. For this purpose, some of the ambiguities and deficiencies of the regulations are discussed. Based on the understanding of its surrounding context and its own deficiencies, the article comes up with conclusions on the future of the derivative action in Vietnam.
Reflections on I Just Didn't Do It, the Lay Judge System, and Legal Education in and out of Japan
Authors: Anderson Kent 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn 2007 the Academy Award winning director ofShall We Dancereleased his new film, a critique of the Japanese criminal justice system from a wrongful conviction perspective. In this article, I use the filmas avehicle to serve three disparate goals. First, I provide the firstlegal critique of the film, a genre of legal scholarship developing over the past 15 years. Second, I use the film to reflect on criminal justice reforms in Japan, in particular the introduction of the Lay Judge System (quasi-jurysaiban-in seido)from 2009. Third, I critically ask whether use of film as a legal text assists or distracts from my primary pedagogical objectives in teaching comparative Japanese law. I conclude with a cautious recommendation ofI Just Didn't Do Itas legal cinema, as a catalyst for reform of the Japanese criminal justice system and as an educational text.
Nangkha Nangdrik in the Land of the Thunder Dragon: Psychology, Religion and the Potential of Mediation in the Kingdom of Bhutan
Authors: Duffy James 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis article will consider the role that Alternative Dispute Resolution (‘Dham Kha Chen Ki Khendum’ or ‘Nangkha Nangdrik’) currently plays in resolving legal conflict in Bhutan. With a Constitution that has committed to the pursuit of Gross National Happiness, non-adversarial dispute resolution processes that promote continuing relationships and goodwill assume greater importance. One difficulty for Bhutan is that alternative dispute resolution procedures such as mediation (Dhum Drik) are being referred to in enactments of the Bhutanese National Council and National Assembly (bicameral parliament), without a shared understanding as to the characteristics and functionality of these procedures. This article will focus particularly on the current practice of mediation in Bhutan and investigate whether particular models of mediation are more suited to the Bhutanese context, given the particularities of Bhutanese culture, the search for gross national Buddhism.
Cross-Border Gambling and Betting Services Under WTO Disciplines
Authors: Matsushita Mitsuo , Iino Aya 
Published: July 2016

AbstractUnder GATS, Mode I involves the supply of a service from the territory of one Member into the territory of any other Member. Few negotiators of the Uruguay Round would have imagined the significance that this mode has come to acquire, or that on-line gambling service would flourish so much as to raise a dispute between Members of the WTO. As the first precedent on Mode I of GATS, “US-Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services” contains important suggestive interpretations of Members' Schedules as well as general exceptions of the GATS, including burden of proof. The authors review the reports of the Panel and Appellate Body, and explore the implications of the case beyond GATS.
Genetically encoded protein photocrosslinker with a transferable mass spectrometry-identifiable label
Authors: Yang Yi , Song Haiping , He Dan , Zhang Shuai , Dai Shizhong , Lin Shixian , Meng Rong , Wang Chu , Chen Peng R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractCoupling photocrosslinking reagents with mass spectrometry has become a powerful tool for studying protein–protein interactions in living systems, but it still suffers from high rates of false-positive identifications as well as the lack of information on interaction interface due to the challenges in deciphering crosslinking peptides. Here we develop a genetically encoded photo-affinity unnatural amino acid that introduces a mass spectrometry-identifiable label (MS-label) to the captured prey proteins after photocrosslinking and prey–bait separation. This strategy, termed IMAPP (In-situ cleavage and MS-label transfer After Protein Photocrosslinking), enables direct identification of photo-captured substrate peptides that are difficult to uncover by conventional genetically encoded photocrosslinkers. Taking advantage of the MS-label, the IMAPP strategy significantly enhances the confidence for identifying protein–protein interactions and enables simultaneous mapping of the binding interface under living conditions.