bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liquid metamaterial based microstrip antenna
Authors: Patel Shobhit K. , Kosta Y. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe microstrip antenna loaded with liquid metamaterials is presented in the manuscript. Liquid split ring resonator (SRR) is used as metamaterial inclusion in the antenna. Distilled water and sea water are the two liquids used one after another to form liquid SRR. The liquid metamaterial microstrip antenna is also compared with metal (copper) metamaterial microstrip antenna. The design results in the form of return loss, bandwidth and gain are compared. The tuning in the frequency spectrum is achieved by using liquids instead of metal as metamaterial. The gain of the antenna is also improved by loading it with liquid metamaterials. The frequency spectrum is tuned using liquid metamaterial loading compared with metal metamaterial loading.
Dual‐feed U‐slot antenna having low envelope correlation coefficients for the LTE MIMO operation in the metal‐framed smartphone
Authors: Barani Imee Ristika Rahmi , Wong Kin‐Lu 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA printed dual‐feed U‐shaped open‐slot (U‐slot) antenna disposed close to the top or bottom short edge of the system ground plane in the metal‐framed smartphone for the LTE (long‐term evolution) MIMO (multi‐input multi‐output) operation is presented. The U‐slot is printed in the ground region within 10 mm to the short edge of the system ground plane and its two open ends are disposed at the short edge thereof. The former makes the system ground plane capable of accommodating a large display panel for the smartphone, while the latter decreases the effects of the user's hand holding the smartphone. The U‐slot is short‐circuited at one position therein to provide one longer open slot and one shorter open slot, which are fed separately by two feed networks to form Ant1 and Ant2. Ant1 can cover the LTE low band (LB, 746–960 MHz for Band 13/5/8) and LTE middle/high band (M/HB, 1710–2690 MHz). Ant2 can cover the LTE M/HB in 1710–2690 MHz. In addition, very low envelope correlation coefficients (ECCs) less than 0.1 in the LTE M/HB for Ant1 and Ant2 can be obtained. That is, in addition to the coverage of the LTE LB, the dual‐feed U‐slot antenna can be applied for the 2 × 2 LTE M/HB MIMO operation. The antenna structure and operating principle of the dual‐feed U‐slot antenna are presented, and the antenna performance is verified by the experimental study.
Compact loop‐dipole composite antenna with wideband operation and dual polarization
Authors: Row Jeen‐Sheen , Yang Jhe‐Sheng 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA design of the antenna with dual diagonal polarizations for 2G/3G/LTE base station applications is first described in this paper. The antenna has a compact size, and its structure is mainly composed of two orthogonally situated dipoles fed with coaxial baluns, a cross strip mounted on the dipoles, and a planar reflector. The cross strip can be regarded as dual orthogonal loop antennas. By embedding thin slots into the loop‐dipole composite antenna, the impedance bandwidth for return loss less than 15 dB can cover the frequency band from 1.7 to 2.7 GHz. Because the adopted balun also serves as an impedance transformer, the cross polarization level at the broadside is lower than −30 dB for all operation frequencies. Then, we found that by varying the dimensions of the slot, the loop‐dipole composite antenna can also deliver a 70% impedance bandwidth for return loss less than 10 dB, and the cross polarization level is lower than −25 dB in whole E‐plane and H‐plane. Antenna prototypes are constructed, and experimental and simulated results have good agreements.
A 60 GHz semi‐distributed power combiner in 65 nm CMOS technology
Authors: Shamsadini Shila , Mousavi Pedram , Moez Kambiz 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this paper, a novel architecture of power combiner based on a distributed amplifier topology is proposed for 60 GHz phased‐array antenna systems. A multi‐input single‐output power combiner is constructed by removing the input transmission lines of a distributed amplifier, the input signal delays are equalized by adding input delay/matching networks so that the amplified input signals are added constructively at the combiner's output. Fabricated in 65 nm CMOS process, measured results show a maximum insertion loss of 1 dB, and input/output reflections losses of better than 12 dB over the entire band of 57 GHz to 64 GHz while consuming 67 mW (56 mA) from a 1.2V DC supply.
Miniaturized uniplanar triple‐band slot dipole antenna with folded radiator
Authors: Bekasiewicz Adrian , Koziel Slawomir 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA miniaturized uniplanar slot dipole for triple‐frequency operation is presented. The antenna consists of a folded slot radiator with an increased number of degrees of freedom that allow for efficient size reduction. Rigorous electromagnetic (EM)‐driven design optimization is applied in order to achieve the smallest possible size while maintaining acceptable levels of antenna reflection at the required operating frequencies. The latter is ensured by using suitably defined design constraints. The size of the antenna is 51 mm × 33.4 mm (footprint area of around 1700 mm2) which corresponds to 0.42λ0 × 0.27λ0 for the lowest operating frequency. Experimental validation confirms good electrical and field performance of the structure.
Transmission characteristics of Y‐type optical distributor in triangular lattice photonic crystals with Al2O3 rods
Authors: Wang Yong , Zhang Dengguo , Xu Shixiang , Dong Zheng , Xu Biaogang 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this work, a Y‐type optical distributor formed by triangular lattice photonic crystals is numerically and experimentally investigated. The crystals are formed by cylindrical Al2O3 rods array in the air. The band gaps of TE modes for the photonic crystals are calculated by plane wave expansion method. Three photonic band gaps appear numerically within the normalized frequency range 0∼0.8
in the triangular lattice photonic crystals. Based on a Y‐type defect structure, an equal optical distributor is realized within the first photonic band gap of 0.2380
∼0.2823
. The transmission characteristic of the distributor is calculated by finite element method. To validate the numerical results, experiments were performed in the microwave regime. An Agilent E8361C vector network analyzer was used. The measured reflection and transmission characteristics of the photonic crystals sample agree with the numerical results between 9.77 and 9.91 GHz in the first photonic band gap. At the frequency of 9.86 GHz, the isolation of the photonic crystals reaches −39.02 dB and about 95.72% energy reflecting back to the input port. Furthermore, the equal optical distributor is also validated by making a comparison between the numerical and experimental results.
Multi‐band proximity coupled microstrip antenna for wireless applications
Authors: Varma Ruchi , Ghosh Jayanta 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA novel and simple design of a multi‐band proximity coupled microstrip antenna for operating in the WiFi (2.4–2.48 GHz), WiMAX (3.44–3.53 and 5.25–5.85 GHz), and WLAN (5.15–5.35 GHz and 5.470–5.725 GHz or 5.725–5.825 GHz) bands is proposed. Apart from that, an additional band covering (3.8–4.2 GHz) is achieved, which may be used for fixed satellite communication. The proposed multiband antenna consists of a V‐slotted patch in conjunction with parasitic element, and L‐shaped microstrip line feed structure. Slot in the patch is introduced to reduce the overall size of the antenna and L‐shape feed is used for proper energy coupling to the parasitic element. The simulated gains are 3.47/1.62/0.72/6.22 dBi at 2.44/3.5/3.8/5.5 GHz, respectively, and the antenna shows broadside radiation characteristics. The simulated results are in good accord with the measured results.
A triple‐band highly miniaturized antenna for WiMAX/WLAN applications
Authors: Ali Tanweer , Biradar Rajashekhar C. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA novel highly miniaturized triple band antenna for WiMAX and WLAN applications is presented in this letter. The proposed design has an active patch area of only 108 mm2 (9 × 12 mm2), and operates at 2.5 (lower WiMAX), 3.47 (middle WiMAX) and 5.75 GHz (WLAN), respectively. Miniaturization in the proposed design is accomplished by etching 2 novel cascaded E‐type unit cell defected ground structure in conjunction with the F‐shaped slot, and multiband operations are achieved by etching U and H‐type slots in the radiating monopole. The miniaturization process leads to the reduction of about 82.4% and 73.5% in the active patch area and volume of the proposed antenna respectively, as compared with the conventional designed triple band antenna. The antenna has a compact volume of 0.15 λ0 × 0.15 λ0 × 0.01 λ0 at a lower resonance of 2.6 GHz. The proposed structure has S11<–10 dB bandwidth of about 6.45% (2.55–2.72 GHz), 3.03% (3.25–3.35 GHz) and 5.9% (5.75–6.1 GHz) in simulation, and about 4.2% (2.51–2.62 GHz), 2.31% (3.42–3.50 GHz), and 4.81% (5.68–5.96 GHz) under measurement, respectively. Stable radiation characteristics and good impedance matching are observed across the operational bandwidth of the proposed design.
Near field analysis of RDRA loaded with split ring resonators superstrate
Authors: Sinha Manikant , Killamsetty Vinay , Mukherjee Biswajeet 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this article, split ring resonator (SRR)‐based electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure is utilized in the near field region of rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (RDRA) to enhance its gain. The investigation is carried out by designing RDRA and SRR EBG, followed by integration of RDRA with SRR as superstrate. RDRA is coaxially fed at offset along Y‐axis to provide fractional bandwidth (BW) of 35.5%. EBG is designed by adopting SRR as unit cell to provide band gap from 3 to 5.85 GHz covering the entire BW of RDRA which is also confirmed by the lumped model extraction of SRR. An array of 5 × 5 unit cells is used as a superstrate above the RDRA. Coupling of SRRs with RDRA in the near field region effectively cancels the transverse fields because of oppositely induced currents in the 2 rings. This helps in improving the radiation characteristics of the RDRA which results in improving the gain of the antenna.
The efficacy and safety comparison of surgical treatments for stress urinary incontinence: A network meta‐analysis
Authors: Song Pan , Wen Yibo , Huang Chuiguo , Wang Wancong , Yuan Naijun , Lu Yinliang , Wang Qingwei , Zhang Tao , Wen Jianguo 
Published: January 2018

AimsStress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common problem worldwide. Mainstream surgical procedures include tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT), transobturator tape (TOT), tension‐free vaginal tape‐obturator (TVT‐O), tension‐free vaginal tape SECUR (TVT‐S), and adjustable single‐incision sling (Ajust). The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of these surgical procedures and assess which surgery is most optimal for SUI by adopting a network meta‐analysis (NMA).MethodsElectronic databases including PubMed, Cochrance Library, and Embase database were researched systematically, until March 21, 2017. The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the efficacy and safety of TVT, TOT, TVT‐O, TVT‐S, and Ajust were identified. The studies were included in the analysis when met the predefined inclusion criteria. After demographic and outcome data extraction, a network meta‐analysis was conducted with software R 3.3.2 and STATA 14.0. Objective cure rate, subjective cure rate, postoperative complication rate, bladder perforation, tape erosion, urinary retention, and postoperative pain were considered as outcomes, and the outcomes were displayed as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% credible intervals (CrI). The consistency of direct and indirect evidence was assessed by node splitting. The ranks based on probabilities of intervention for the different endpoints were performed.ResultsFourty‐five RCTs with 7295 participants were analyzed. The NMA results revealed that, TVT, TOT, and Ajust had a higher objective cure rate than TVT‐O and TVT‐S (TVT‐O: OR = 0.76, 95%CI [0.61, 0.94]; TVT‐S: OR = 0.41, 95%CI [0.28, 0.60]). TVT, TOT, and TVT‐O had a superior subjective cure rate than TVT‐S and Ajust (Ajust: OR = 0.45, 95%CI [0.20, 0.91]; TVT‐S: OR = 0.29, 95%CI [0.15, 0.56]). With TVT as the reference, TVT‐S had a statistically lower postoperative complication rate (TVT‐S: OR = 0.39, 95%CI [0.16, 0.89]). TVT‐O, TVT‐S, and TOT had a significantly lower bladder perforation rate (TOT: OR = 0.076, 95%CI [0.0060, 0.37]; TVT‐O: OR = 4.1e‐17, 95%CI [6.1e‐48, 0.0032]; TVT‐S: OR = 3.8e‐17, 95%CI [1.8e‐48, 0.0052]). There were no obvious differences between the five treatments for tape erosion. TVT‐O exhibited a less postoperative retention (TVT‐O: OR = 0.35, 95%CI [0.16, 0.74]). Probabilities of ranking results indicated that TOT was the treatment with best ranking in efficacy and a relatively high safety.ConclusionsOur study recommend TOT as the optimal regimen for SUI with high efficacy and moderate safety when compared with TVT, TVT‐O, TVT‐S, and Ajust interventions. However, with the limitation of our study, additional high‐quality studies are needed to further evaluate the outcomes.
Comparative study of efficacy and safety between bladder body and trigonal intravesical onabotulinumtoxina injection in the treatment of interstitial cystitis refractory to conventional treatment—A prospective, randomized, clinical trial
Authors: Jiang Yuan‐Hong , Jhang Jia‐Fong , Lee Cheng‐Ling , Kuo Hann‐Chorng 
Published: January 2018

PurposeIntravesical onabotulinumtoxinA (BoNT‐A) injection can relieve symptoms of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). However, the therapeutic efficacy of different injection sites is not well known. This study compared therapeutic efficacy and safety between bladder body and trigonal BoNT‐A injection.Materials and MethodsPatients were randomly treated with 100U of BoNT‐A in 10 mL saline injected into 20 bladder body sites or 10 trigonal sites. The primary endpoint was changes of Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for Pain at 8th week after injection. Secondary endpoint included changes of Global Response Assessment (GRA), urinary frequency episodes, O'Leary‐Sant score (OSS), and urodynamic study.ResultsThirty‐nine patients (bladder body, N = 20; trigone, N = 19) completed the study visits. Patients in both group had significant improvement in VAS, OSS, and functional bladder capacity after treatment. There was no significant difference in changes of urinary frequency, voided volume, post‐void residual volume, and bladder capacity from baseline to 8 weeks between groups. Thirteen (65.0%) patients in bladder body group and 10 (52.6%) patients in trigone group had decrease of VAS more than 2 points after treatment (P = 0.43). Excellent symptom improvement (GRA ≥ 2) was noted in 9 (45%) patients with bladder body injection and 10 (52.6%) patients with trigonal injection (P = 0.63). Nine (45.0%) patients in bladder body group and 10 (52.6%) in trigonal group experienced dysuria after treatment (P = 0.52).ConclusionNo significant difference in the improvement of IC symptoms and urodynamic parameters after intravesical BoNT‐A injection in the bladder body or trigone. The rate of adverse events was similar between groups.
Bile Salt‐Derived Eu3+ Organogel and Hydrogel: Water‐Enhanced Luminescence of Eu3+ in a Gel Matrix
Authors: Laishram Raju , Maitra Uday 
Published: January 2018

AbstractEu3+ was found to form gel with cholate in methanol and comparative study was done with the hydrogel. Water is a well known quencher of Eu3+ luminescence, and its quenching rate constant is higher than that of MeOH. In a Eu3+ derived luminescent material, therefore, the replacement of water by methanol should lead to enhanced Eu3+ luminescence. However, significant pyrene‐mediated sensitizatized luminescence of Eu3+ was observed in a Eu3+ cholate hydrogel, but not in the methanolic gel. We provide experimental data that rationalize this apparent paradox.
Synergistic Catalytic Oxidation of Ethylbenzene to Acetophenone by Metallophthalocyanine Intercalated Layered Double Hydroxide with Oxygen
Authors: Zhou Weiyou , Dai Xuan , Chen Yong , Sun Fu'an , He Mingyang , Chen Qun 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe organic‐inorganic hybrid material originated from metallophthalocyanine and layered double hydroxide has been identified as bifunctional catalyst for the oxidation of ethylbenzene to acetophenone. The hybrids exhibited excellent catalytic activity in the selective oxidation through O2/NHPI (N‐hydroxyphthalimide) system with excellent selectivity of acetophenone. The hybrid could accelerate not only the formation of hydroperoxide, but also the decomposition of hydroperoxide. Further, the catalyst also exhibited high activity in the transformation of 1‐phenylethanol to acetophenone. The present catalytic system could also catalyze the aerobic oxidation of varied alkyl arenes under the optimized reaction conditions. A series of controlled experiments suggested that the basicity of the hybrid benefited for the catalytic activity, and synergistic effect might exist between the basicity and the activity of metallophthalocyanine during the oxidation. On the basis of obtained results and Hammett experiment, a possible mechanism of the oxidation of ethylbenzene under the hybrid in the presence O2/NHPI has been proposed.
Intense Blue Colors in Wolframite‐Type Co2+:MgWO4 Oxides Through Distortion in Co2+ Octahedra.
Authors: Saraswathy Divya , Rao P. Prabhakar , Raj Athira K. V. , Thara T. R. Aju 
Published: January 2018

AbstractNew inorganic cobalt based blue pigments Mg1‐xCoxWO4 (x = 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) have been prepared by the solid state reaction and flux added methods. The synthesized samples show intense blue color with very low doping concentration of cobalt. Raising cost and toxicity make a critical need to reduce the consumption of cobalt in the ceramic industry, at the same time trying to improve the efficiency and sustainability of pigments. The present investigation help us minimize the cobalt consumption and cost of production with respect to conventional blue ceramic colorants. Intense blue hue was obtained at relatively low doping concentration of Co2+ (20 mol%) with b* value of −46.97, which is considerably bluer than cobalt aluminate spinel (b* = ‐32.70). UV‐visible absorption properties are strongly related to the coordination environment of the Co2+ ions. Increasing the amount of cobalt induces a change in the local symmetry of MgO6 octahedra witnessed by the change of the metal‐ligand bond distances.The changes are attributed to the larger ionic radius and electronegativity of Co2+ ions compared to the Mg2+ ions in the host lattice.These observations corroborate the important structural distorsions arising from the differences in ionic radii and electronegativity between the dopant and host cations.
Selective Sensing of Ammonium Ion Over Other Biologically Important Ammonia Derivatives by a Coumarin‐Based ϵ‐Amino Ester
Authors: Pramanik Apurba , Abbasi Mazharul , Maji Krishnendu , Nandi Sujay Kumar , Datta Rupak , Haldar Debasish 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAmmonium ions are a waste product of the amino acids metabolism of animals and finally converted to urea in liver. Specific sensing of ammonium ion may helpful for diagnosis of liver malfunction. An efficient coumarin‐based ϵ‐amino ester has been synthesized and the specific sensing of ammonium ion has been investigated. From single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, the amide group is out of the plane of the central aromatic core of the compound but the ester group is co‐planar and the compound self‐assembled to form supramolecular duplex‐like structure. The coumarin‐based ϵ‐amino ester successfully discriminates ammonium ion over other biologically important ammonia derivative such as D‐ glucosamine, ATP, glycine, L‐glutamic acid, L‐aspertic acid and urea. The coumarin‐based ϵ‐amino ester shows excellent selectivity as turn‐off optical sensor for ammonium ion. Further the biocompatibility of the coumarin‐based ϵ‐amino ester was studied by DNA binding assay and cellular uptake by mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7.
Influence of Pamoic Acid as a Complexing Agent in the Thermal Preparation of NiO Nanoparticles: Application to Electrochemical Water Oxidation
Authors: Qasem Mohammed Ameen Ahmed , Aziz Md. Abdul , Qamaruddin Muhammad , Kim Jong‐Pil , Onaizi Sagheer A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe developed a thermal decomposition method for preparing NiO nanoparticles (NiONPs) using disodium salt of pamoic acid (Na2PA) as a complexing agent and Ni(NO3)2⋅6H2O as a nickel precursor. Prior to thermal decomposition, Ni(NO3)2⋅6H2O was mixed with Na2PA in ethanol, and the ethanol was evaporated succesively. The dried reaction mass was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis. Thermal decomposition was then performed in air to obtain the NiONPs. The role of Na2PA in the synthesis of NiONP was evaluated by preparing NiONPs according to the protocol described above without the addition of Na2PA. The X‐ray diffraction data indicated that crystalline NiO (bunsenite, cubic crystal system) formed with or without Na2PA; however, field emission scanning electron microscopy images showed that smaller monodisperse NiONPs formed only with the addition of Na2PA. Without Na2PA, the obtained NPs were quite large and polydisperse. The sizes of the NiONPs prepared in the presence of Na2PA were determined using transmission electron microscopy imaging to be 19.1 ± 3.2 nm. The electrocatalytic activity of the NiONPs toward water oxidation under alkaline conditions was evaluated by immobilizing the NPs onto an in‐house prepared filter paper derived carbon electrode, and compared.
Tandem Protocol for the Synthesis of 3‐Acyl Benzothiadiazine 1,1‐Dioxides
Authors: Sathe Pratima A. , Vadagaonkar Kamlesh S. , Vhatkar Mahendra V. , Melone Lucio , Chaskar Atul C. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA metal‐free and efficient tandem synthesis of 3‐acyl 3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐1,2,4‐benzothiadiazine‐1,1‐dioxides and 3‐acyl‐2H‐1,2,4‐benzothiadiazine‐1,1‐dioxides has been developed via C−H functionalization of ethynylarenes and ethenylarenes followed by condensation with 2‐aminobenzenesulfonamide. The reaction involves the formation of arylglyoxal as an intermediate from multiform substrates through Kornblum oxidation in the presence of iodine and DMSO. Use of simple and readily available starting materials, inexpensive reagent, broad substrate scope and a very simple operation are noteworthy features of this protocol. This method provides an easy access to pharmaceutically important 3‐acyl‐1,2,4‐benzothiadiazine‐1,1‐dioxides in good yields.