bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An indole‐deficient Escherichia coli strain improves screening of cytochromes P450 for biotechnological applications
Authors: Brixius‐Anderko Simone , Hannemann Frank , Ringle Michael , Khatri Yogan , Bernhardt Rita 
Published: February 2016

AbstractEscherichia coli has developed into an attractive organism for heterologous cytochrome P450 production, but, in some cases, was restricted as a host in view of a screening of orphan cytochromes P450 or mutant libraries in the context of molecular evolution due to the formation of the cytochrome P450 inhibitor indole by the enzyme tryptophanase (TnaA). To overcome this effect, we disrupted the tnaA gene locus of E. coli C43(DE3) and evaluated the new strain for whole‐cell substrate conversions with three indole‐sensitive cytochromes P450, myxobacterial CYP264A1, and CYP109D1 as well as bovine steroidogenic CYP21A2. For purified CYP264A1 and CYP21A2, the half maximal inhibitory indole concentration was determined to be 140 and 500 μM, which is within the physiological concentration range occurring during cultivation of E. coli in complex medium. Biotransformations with C43(DE3)_∆tnaA achieved a 30% higher product formation in the case of CYP21A2 and an even fourfold increase with CYP264A1 compared with C43(DE3) cells. In whole‐cell conversion based on CYP109D1, which converts indole to indigo, we could successfully avoid this reaction. Results in microplate format indicate that our newly designed strain is a suitable host for a fast and efficient screening of indole‐influenced cytochromes P450 in complex medium.
Priming Risky Choice: Do Risk Preferences Need Inferences?
Authors: Newell Ben R. , Shaw Brad 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe notion that subtle influences, often falling outside awareness, can bias behaviour has a strong grip on both theoretical perspectives and the public imagination. We report three experiments that examined this idea in the context of risky choice. Experiment 1 (N = 100) appeared to find evidence for an interaction whereby participants primed but not reminded of the prime showed an assimilation effect (e.g. participants primed to be risk seeking became more risk seeking) whereas those who were primed and reminded showed a contrast effect (e.g. became less risk seeking). However, two further experiments (N = 180, N = 128) failed to find any evidence for this interaction, and none of the experiments found evidence for the asymmetry in awareness predicted by an ‘unconscious’ assimilation but ‘conscious’ contrast account. The data were analysed using both Null Hypothesis Significance Testing and Bayesian methods, and the implications of the conclusions arising from each are discussed. Whatever one's statistical predilection, the results imply a reduction of confidence in the belief that risk preferences need no inferences. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of UV irradiation on different types of luminescence of SrAl2O4:Eu,Dy phosphors
Authors: Jha Piyush 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis paper reports the luminescence behavior of Sr0.097Al2O4:Eu0.01,Dy0.02 phosphors under UV‐irradiation. The effect of UV‐irradiation on afterglow (AG), thermoluminescence (TL) and mechanoluminescence (ML) of Sr0.097Al2O4:Eu0.01,Dy0.02 phosphors is investigated. The space group of Sr0.097Al2O4:Eu0.01,Dy0.02 phosphors is monoclinic P21. The prepared phosphors exhibit a long AG, intense TL and ML. It is found that the AG, ML intensity and TL increase with increasing duration of irradiation time. The ML intensity decreases with successive impact of the load onto the phosphors, whereby the diminished ML intensity can be recovered by UV‐irradiation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Luminescence in Ba2Sr2Al2O7:RE (RE = Tb3+,Eu3+andDy3+) novel aluminate phosphors
Authors: Pardhi S. A. , Panse V. R. , Dhoble S. J. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe luminescence of novel rare earth (Tb3+, Eu3+ and Dy3+)‐activated Ba2Sr2Al2O7 phosphors for solid‐state lighting is presented. The aluminate phosphors were synthesized using a one‐step combustion method. X‐Ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and photoluminescence characterizations were performed to understand the mechanism of excitation and the corresponding emission in the as‐prepared phosphor, as characterized the phase purity and microstructure. Improvements in the luminescence properties of the phosphors with rare earth concentration were observed. The phosphor hue could be tuned from blue, green and red by proper selection of rare earth ions in typical concentrations. Effective absorption in the near‐ultraviolet region was observed, which makes the phosphor a potential candidate for ultraviolet light‐emitting diodes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enzymatic network for production of ether amines from alcohols
Authors: Palacio Cyntia M. , Crismaru Ciprian G. , Bartsch Sebastian , Navickas Vaidotas , Ditrich Klaus , Breuer Michael , Abu Rohana , Woodley John M. , Baldenius Kai , Wu Bian , Janssen Dick B. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTWe constructed an enzymatic network composed of three different enzymes for the synthesis of valuable ether amines. The enzymatic reactions are interconnected to catalyze the oxidation and subsequent transamination of the substrate and to provide cofactor recycling. This allows production of the desired ether amines from the corresponding ether alcohols with inorganic ammonium as the only additional substrate. To examine conversion, individual and overall reaction equilibria were established. Using these data, it was found that the experimentally observed conversions of up to 60% observed for reactions containing 10 mM alcohol and up to 280 mM ammonia corresponded well to predicted conversions. The results indicate that efficient amination can be driven by high concentrations of ammonia and may require improving enzyme robustness for scale‐up. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 1853–1861. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fast plasmid based protein expression analysis in insect cells using an automated SplitGFP screen
Authors: Bleckmann Maren , Schmelz Stefan , Schinkowski Christian , Scrima Andrea , van den Heuvel Joop 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTRecombinant protein expression often presents a bottleneck for the production of proteins for use in many areas of animal‐cell biotechnology. Difficult‐to‐express proteins require the generation of numerous expression constructs, where popular prokaryotic screening systems often fail to identify expression of multi domain or full‐length protein constructs. Post‐translational modified mammalian proteins require an alternative host system such as insect cells using the Baculovirus Expression Vector System (BEVS). Unfortunately this is time‐, labor‐, and cost‐intensive. It is clearly desirable to find an automated and miniaturized fast multi‐sample screening method for protein expression in such systems. With this in mind, in this paper a high‐throughput initial expression screening method is described using an automated Microcultivation system in conjunction with fast plasmid based transient transfection in insect cells for the efficient generation of protein constructs. The applicability of the system is demonstrated for the difficult to express Nucleotide‐binding Oligomerization Domain‐containing protein 2 (NOD2). To enable detection of proper protein expression the rather weak plasmid based expression has been improved by a sensitive inline detection system. Here we present the functionality and application of the sensitive SplitGFP (split green fluorescent protein) detection system in insect cells. The successful expression of constructs is monitored by direct measurement of the fluorescence in the BioLector Microcultivation system. Additionally, we show that the results obtained with our plasmid‐based SplitGFP protein expression screen correlate directly to the level of soluble protein produced in BEVS. In conclusion our automated SplitGFP screen outlines a sensitive, fast and reliable method reducing the time and costs required for identifying the optimal expression construct prior to large scale protein production in baculovirus infected insect cells. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 1975–1983. © 2016 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Concurrent microbial reduction of high concentrations of nitrate and perchlorate in an ion exchange membrane bioreactor
Authors: Fox Shalom , Bruner Tali , Oren Yoram , Gilron Jack , Ronen Zeev 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTWe investigated effective simultaneous removal of high loads of nitrate and perchlorate from synthetic groundwater using an ion exchange membrane bioreactor (IEMB). The aim of this research was to characterize both transport aspects and biodegradation mechanisms involved in the treatment process of high loads of the two anions. Biodegradation process was proven to be efficient with over 99% efficiency of both perchlorate and nitrate, regardless of their load. The maximum biodegradation rates were 18.3 (mmol m−2 h−1) and 5.5 (mmol m−2 h−1) for nitrate and perchlorate, respectively. The presence of a biofilm on the bio‐side of the membrane only slightly increased the nitrate and perchlorate transmembrane flux as compared to the measured flux during a Donnan dialysis experiment where there is no biodegradation of perchlorate and nitrate in the bio‐compartment. The nitrate flux in presence of a biofilm was 18.3 (±1.9) (mmole m−2 h−1), while without the biofilm, the flux was 16.9 (±1.5) (mmole m−2 h−1) for the same feed inlet nitrate concentration of 4 mM. The perchlorate transmembrane flux increased similarly by an average of 5%. Samples of membrane biofilm and suspended bacteria from the bio‐reactor were analyzed for diversity and abundance of the perchlorate and nitrate reducing bacteria. Klebsiella oxytoca, known as a glycerol fermenter, accounted for 70% of the suspended bacteria. In contrast, perchlorate and nitrate reducing bacteria predominated in the biofilm present on the membrane. These results are consistent with our proposed two stage biodegradation mechanism where glycerol is first fermented in the suspended phase of the bio‐reactor and the fermentation products drive perchlorate and nitrate bio‐reduction in the biofilm attached to the membrane. These results suggest that the niche exclusion of microbial populations in between the reactor and membrane is controlled by the fluxes of the electron donors and acceptors. Such a mechanism has important implications for controlling the bio‐reduction reaction in the IEMB when using glycerol as a carbon source and allowing treating a complex contamination of high concentrations of perchlorate and nitrating in groundwater and successfully biodegrading them to non‐hazardous components. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 1881–1891. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Transanal Endoscopic Operation under spinal anaesthesia
Authors: Arezzo A , Cortese G , Arolfo S , Bullano A , Passera R , Galietti E , Morino M 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

Background
Transanal Endoscopic Operation (TEO®) for rectal benign lesions and early rectal cancer may provide better oncological outcomes than flexible endoscopy. The major advantage of flexible endoscopy is that it does not require general anaesthesia. This prospective observational study assessed the feasibility and safety of TEO® performed under spinal anaesthesia.

Methods
The study population comprised eligible consecutive patients who underwent TEO® under spinal anaesthesia with curative or palliative intent for rectal neoplasms larger than 20 mm in diameter or for recurrent lesions of any size. The primary endpoints were feasibility and safety; secondary endpoints were postoperative pain, as measured on a visual analogue scale, heart rate, systolic and diastolic BP, opioid requested, postoperative nausea or vomiting, and urinary retention.

Results
The study included 50 patients (median age 70 years; 29 men and 21 women). No intraoperative complications occurred. The median duration of operation was 60 (range 20–165) min. No opioids were requested during the perioperative or postoperative period. The median postoperative pain score was 0 at 4, 8, 24 and 48 h after surgery. There were no significant fluctuations in heart rate, systolic and diastolic BP up to 48 h after the procedure (P = 0·379, P = 0·386 and P = 0·617 respectively). Postoperative nausea and vomiting occurred in one patient, and urinary retention in four.

Conclusion
TEO® under spinal anaesthesia was safe and feasible with no conversions to general anaesthesia.
Correlation between the Chemical and Genetic Relationships among Thymus saturejoides Genotypes Cultured under in vitro and in vivo Environments
Authors: Nordine Aicha , Udupa Sripada M. , Iraqi Driss , Meksem Khalid , Hmamouchi Mohamed , ElMeskaoui Abdelmalek 
Published: February 2016

In this study, the in vitro and in vivo essential oil (EO) composition and genetic variability in six micropropagated genotypes of Thymus saturejoides Coss., a Mediterranean medicinal and aromatic plant, were analyzed by GC/MS and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Yield and composition of the EO varied between genotypes. Cluster analysis based on RAPD data and EO grouped the six genotypes in three groups in both culture conditions, thus showing considerable intraspecific genetic and chemical variations. Applying the Mantel test, the result showed a significant correlation between the two proximity matrices RAPD and EO obtained from in vitro genotypes, whereas this correlation was not observed when using the EO obtained from the in vivo genotypes.
On the Permeation by Dioxygen of the Cofactor‐Independent Unusual Oxygenase RhCC, in Complex with Substrate 4‐Hydroxyphenylenolpyruvate. A Molecular Dynamics Investigation
Authors: Pietra Francesco 
Published: February 2016

This work deals with a trimeric bacterial protein, RhCC, which, although belonging to the tautomerase superfamily, shows oxygenase activity. A model of the complex from RhCC and substrate 4‐hydroxyphenylenolpyruvate (4HPP), fitting the observation of extra electron densities from X‐ray diffraction of the crystal, could be built by autodocking. When subjected to molecular dynamics (MD) aided by an external random force applied to a O2 molecule placed above 4HPP, this model evolved with O2 egressing toward the bulk solvent from two nearly opposite gates. These were located between the nearly parallel helices 75 – 91 and 15 – 33 of either chain C (gate SE) or chain B (gate FL). Alternatively, with four O2 molecules in the bulk solvent, unbiased MD led to O2 entering the protein from gate SE and getting to 4HPP, while forming a stabilizing salt bridge between the 4HPP carboxylate and P1.C +NH2, thus providing scientific ground for a refined model of the complex.
Modulation of Ultrafast Conformational Dynamics in Allosteric Interaction of Gal Repressor Protein with Different Operator DNA Sequences
Authors: Choudhury Susobhan , Naiya Gitashri , Singh Priya , Lemmens Peter , Roy Siddhartha , Pal Samir Kumar 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAlthough all forms of dynamical behaviour of a protein under allosteric interaction with effectors are predicted, little evidence of ultrafast dynamics in the interaction has been reported. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of a combined approach involving picosecond‐resolved FRET and polarisation‐gated fluorescence for the exploration of ultrafast dynamics in the allosteric interaction of the Gal repressor (GalR) protein dimer with DNA operator sequences OE and OI. FRET from the single tryptophan residue to a covalently attached probe IAEDANS at a cysteine residue in the C‐terminal domain of GalR shows structural perturbation and conformational dynamics during allosteric interaction. Polarisation‐gated fluorescence spectroscopy of IAEDANS and another probe (FITC) covalently attached to the operator directly revealed the essential dynamics for cooperativity in the protein–protein interaction. The ultrafast resonance energy transfer from IAEDANS in the protein to FITC also revealed different dynamic flexibility in the allosteric interaction. An attempt was made to correlate the dynamic changes in the protein dimers with OE and OI with the consequent protein–protein interaction (tetramerisation) to form a DNA loop encompassing the promoter segment.
Promotion of the Water‐Gas‐Shift Reaction by Nickel Hydroxyl Species in Partially Reduced Nickel‐Containing Phyllosilicate Catalysts
Authors: Ashok Jangam , Ang Ming Li , Terence Puar Zhi Liang , Kawi Sibudjing 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe role of surface hydroxyl species generated by partially reduced Ni‐containing phyllosilicate structures (Ni/SiO2P) in promoting the water‐gas‐shift (WGS) reaction and methane suppression was investigated. To analyze the effect of the surface hydroxyl species, Ni/SiO2P catalysts reduced at various temperatures were employed. All the Ni/SiO2P catalysts showed enhanced catalytic performances and methane suppression compared to the conventional Ni/SiO2 catalyst. As revealed by diffuse‐reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), methane suppression could be attributed to the inhibition of the formation of nickel subcarbonyl species, and the promotion of WGS activity was attributed to the involvement of surface hydroxyl species (Ni−OH, 3626 cm−1, and Si−OH, 3740 cm−1). The Ni/SiO2P catalyst reduced at 600 °C showed exceptionally superior performance to the other catalysts in the water‐gas‐shift reaction in terms of turnover frequency (2.79 s−1) and hydrogen formation rates (492.63 μmol H2 g−1 s−1) at 375 °C.
Conversion of 2,3‐Butanediol over Phosphate Catalysts
Authors: Nikitina Maria A. , Ivanova Irina I. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract2,3‐Butanediol (BDO) is an excellent feedstock for expanding the network of bio‐based chemicals through catalytic technologies. The dehydration of BDO provides an alternative green route to important chemicals such as methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and 1,3‐butadiene (BD). In this contribution, we report on the catalytic performance of boron (BP), aluminum (AlP), titanium (TiP), zirconium (ZrP), and niobium (NbP) phosphates in BDO dehydration. The kinetic study points to three reaction pathways operating over phosphate catalysts, leading to MEK, 2‐methyl‐propanal (MP), and BD via intermediate 3‐butene‐2‐ol (3B2OL) formation. The major reaction pathway is shown to involve pinacol rearrangement to MEK. The reactivity of phosphates is found to increase in the order: BP<TiP<ZrP=NbP<AlP. The best catalytic performance is achieved over AlP, which shows the highest selectivity towards MEK (78 %) at 100 % 2,3‐butanediol conversion.
Effect of a Cylindrical Permeable Wall on the Performance of Hydrocyclones
Authors: Salvador Fernanda F. , Barrozo Marcos A. S. , Vieira Luiz G. M. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractHydrocyclones are designed for solid‐liquid separation widely used in industry due to their advantages including high separation efficiency. Depending on the purpose desired by the user, it is possible to enhance the performance of the hydrocyclone through the combined use of other unit operations with the hydrocycloning such as filtration. The incorporation effect of a porous cylinder on a hydrocyclone with optimized geometry was studied experimentally. According to the main results, the filtering cylindrical hydrocyclone showed significant average reductions in energy consumption compared to conventional hydrocyclones of the same geometry. Minor differences in terms of total efficiency of the filtering equipment were observed compared to the conventional one.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Electrochemical Investigation of Li[O2P(OCH2CF3)2] and Li[O2P{OC(H)(CF3)2}2] and Use of the Former for Coordination‐Polymer‐Based Gel Electrolytes
Authors: Schleep Mario , Reininger Stefanie , Eiden Philipp , Klose Petra , Schulz Christoph , Scherer Harald , Laule Stephan , Bodendorfer Simon , Schmidt Michael , Garsuch Arnd , Krossing Ingo 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of Li[O2P{OCH(CF3)2}2] (1) was investigated together with a new synthesis for Li[O2P(OCH2CF3)2] (2). The electrochemical properties of both lithium bis(fluoroalkyl)phosphates were investigated. Compound 2 was prepared by deprotonation of the conjugate acid HO(O)P(OCH2CF3)2 (3), of which the crystal structure was solved. Lithium bis(fluoroalkyl)phosphates 1 and 2 were used to prepare gel electrolytes on the basis of a coordination network held together solely by ionic interactions between the lithium ions and the anions. The preparation of the gel electrolytes produced with 2 and their properties were explored.
Copper Nanoclusters on Carbon Supports for the Electrochemical Oxidation and Detection of Hydrazine
Authors: Gao Xiaohui , Du Cheng , Zhang Chunmei , Chen Wei 
Published: February 2016

AbstractOwing to the definite composition and unique properties, metal nanoclusters have attracted much attention in recent years. In this work, we design a simple one‐pot chemical method to synthesize a new type of copper clusters. The structures and composition of the clusters are characterized by using various techniques. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry characterizations clearly show that the product is mainly composed of a seven‐copper‐atom core and three thiolate ligands with the formula of Cu7(C7H5O2S)3−, together with four‐ and six‐copper‐atom clusters. On the other hand, direct hydrazine fuel cells have attracted extensive research interests and more and more efforts have been devoted into the development of novel catalysts for the electrochemical oxidation and detection of hydrazine. Here, we investigate the electrocatalytic performance of the copper clusters towards the oxidation and detection of hydrazine. Electrochemical studies display that the synthesized cluster compounds supported on activated carbon show an onset potential of −0.42 V and a current density of 20 mA cm−2 at the potential of 0.36 V for the oxidation of hydrazine. Meanwhile, the copper clusters show a limit of detection of 1.04 μm and a sensitivity of 0.408 mA cm−2 mm−1 in the detection of hydrazine. These studies clearly demonstrate that the as‐synthesized copper clusters exhibit excellent electrocatalytic performance for the oxidation and detection of hydrazine. Notably, the catalytic performance is superior to the previously reported Cu‐based or Ni‐based, and even noble‐metal‐based, catalysts.
Mechanism of Oxygen Vacancy on Impeded Phase Transformation and Electrochemical Activation in Inactive Li2MnO3
Authors: Lim Jin‐Myoung , Kim Duho , Lim Young‐Geun , Park Min‐Sik , Kim Young‐Jun , Cho Maenghyo , Cho Kyeongjae 
Published: February 2016

AbstractA combined experimental and computational study of an oxygen‐deficient Li2MnO3−δ (δ≈0.071) cathode for understanding the role and effects of oxygen vacancies on phase transformation and electrochemical activity in Li‐ion batteries is presented. The oxygen‐deficient Li2MnO3−δ exhibits improved electrochemical reactivity toward Li+ ions without significant loss of structural stability. The oxidation of O during Li+ ion extraction can be suppressed by the enhanced redox reaction of Mn in this material. Furthermore, the inevitable phase transformation of Li2MnO3 can be impeded by the increased kinetic barriers to Mn migration in Li2MnO3−δ (ΔEbarrier=1.0–2.5 eV), which disfavors the formation of stable intermediate coordination geometries due to the oxygen vacancies. These findings reveal the underlying mechanism on the role of the oxygen vacancies in changing phase transformation and electrochemical activity in inactive Li2MnO3, and provide a scientific insight to the electrochemical reactivity and sustainability of Li‐rich oxide cathode materials in Li‐ion batteries.