bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Bidirectional Effects of Periodontal Disease and Oral Dysbiosis on Gut Inflammation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Zilberstein Netanel F , Engen Phillip A , Swanson Garth R , Naqib Ankur , Post Zoe , Alutto Julian , Green Stefan J , Shaikh Maliha , Lawrence Kristi , Adnan Darbaz , Zhang Lijuan , Voigt Robin M , Schwartz Joel , Keshavarzian Ali 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) flares can lead to excessive morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine whether oral dysbiosis/periodontal disease (PD) is common in IBD and is associated with disease activity in IBD.

Methods
This single-center, prospective, cross-sectional, proof-of-concept, and observational study assessed the frequency of periodontal inflammatory disease and interrogated oral and stool microbiota using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of active-IBD (aIBD), inactive-IBD (iIBD), and healthy controls (HC). Questionnaires assessed diet, alcohol usage, oral hygiene behavior, and disease activity. A subset of participants underwent comprehensive dental examinations to evaluate PD.

Results
Periodontal disease was severer in aIBD subjects than in HC, as aIBD had poorer quality diets (lower Mediterranean diet scores) than iIBD and HC. Significant differences in microbial community structure were observed in unstimulated saliva, stimulated saliva, gingiva, and stool samples, primarily between aIBD and HC. Saliva from aIBD had higher relative abundances of putative oral pathobionts from the genera Streptococcus, Granulicatella, Rothia, and Actinomyces relative to HC, despite similar oral hygiene behaviors between groups.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that patients with aIBD have severer periodontal disorders and higher relative abundances of putative ‘pro-inflammatory’ microbiota in their oral cavity, despite normal oral hygiene behaviors. Our data are consistent with the potential presence of an oral-gut inflammatory axis that could trigger IBD flare-ups in at-risk patients. Routine dental health assessments in all IBD patients should be encouraged as part of the health maintenance of IBD and as a potential strategy to decrease the risk of IBD flares.
Suspected contained rupture of a coronary artery aneurysm followed by a re-rupture: a case report
Authors: Miyamoto Ryota , Kageyama Norihito , Suzuki Ryo , Kokawa Tatsuya , Fujinaga Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Most coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are clinically asymptomatic and are only detected incidentally during cardiac imaging. However, CAAs can cause fatal complications such as cardiac tamponade following a rupture. Reports of contained ruptures of CAAs are limited.

Case summary
An 89-year-old man had a severe, acute-onset chest pain 2 days prior. The patient was referred to our hospital because of residual dyspnoea and a fever. The blood tests exhibited high C-reactive protein and D-dimer levels; moreover, contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and transthoracic echocardiography revealed a diffuse mild pericardial effusion, which had not been detected six months prior. The fever and pericardial effusion persisted, and the main cause was not clearly understood. On Day 19, the patient had a sudden loss of consciousness after chest pain. Contrast-enhanced CT showed an increase in the pericardial effusion, and coronary angiography showed a CAA in the proximal right coronary artery with extravasations that probably sealed. A re-rupture following a contained rupture of the CAA was considered, and it was suspected that the prolonged fever and pericardial effusion were related to the contained rupture associated with the first episode of chest pain.

Discussion
Our case showed that a contained rupture of a CAA can cause a fatal event by a re-rupture and may present with a prolonged fever and pericardial effusion. A contained rupture of a CAA should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients with a prolonged fever and pericardial effusion of unknown origin after an acute onset of chest pain.
Ten-year survival benefit and appropriateness of surgical versus percutaneous revascularization in synergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with Taxus and cardiac surgery randomized trial
Authors: Serruys Patrick W , Ninomiya Kai , Revaiah Pruthvi C , Gao Chao , Garg Scot , van Klaveren David , Onuma Yoshinobu , Kappetein Arie Pieter , Davierwala Piroze , Mack Michael , Thuijs Daniel J F M , Taggart David P , Milojevic Milan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Average treatment effects from randomized trials do not reflect the heterogeneity of an individual’s response to treatment. This study evaluates the appropriate proportions of patients for coronary artery bypass grafting, or percutaneous intervention based on the predicted/observed ratio of 10-year all-cause mortality in the SYNTAX population.

METHODS
The study included 1800 randomized patients and 1275 patients in the nested percutaneous (n = 198) or surgical (n = 1077) registries. The primary end point was 10-year all-cause mortality. The SYNTAX score II-2020 was validated internally in the randomized cohort and externally in the registry cohort. Proportions of patients with survival benefits from coronary artery bypass grafting or percutaneous intervention were determined using SYNTAX score II-2020.

RESULTS
Ten-year mortality was 23.8% for coronary artery bypass grafting, 28.6% for percutaneous intervention in the randomized cohort, 27.6% for coronary artery bypass grafting and 55.4% for percutaneous intervention in the registries. In the coronary artery bypass grafting registry, the SYNTAX score II-2020 predicted 10-year mortality with helpful calibration and discrimination (C-index: 0.70, intercept: 0.00, slope: 0.76). The proportion of patients deriving a predicted survival benefit from coronary artery bypass grafting over percutaneous intervention was 82.4% (2143/2602) and 17.7% (459/2602) for the entire SYNTAX trial population, translating into a 4.7 to 1 appropriate ratio of treatment allocation to coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous intervention.

CONCLUSIONS
Choosing a revascularization modality should depend on an individual’s long-term prognosis rather than average treatment effects. Additionally, patients should be informed about their predicted prognosis.

Trial registration
Registered on clinicaltrial.gov

SYNTAXES
NCT03417050 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03417050)

SYNTAX
NCT00114972 (https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00114972)
Genomic Localization Bias of Secondary Metabolite Gene Clusters and Association with Histone Modifications in Aspergillus
Authors: Zhang Xin , Leahy Iseult , Collemare Jérȏme , Seidl Michael F 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Fungi are well-known producers of bioactive secondary metabolites (SMs), which have been exploited for decades by humankind for various medical applications like therapeutics and antibiotics. SMs are synthesized by biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs)—physically co-localized and co-regulated genes. Because BGCs are often regulated by histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), it was suggested that their chromosomal location is important for their expression. Studies in a few fungal species indicated an enrichment of BGCs in sub-telomeric regions; however, there is no evidence that BGCs with distinct genomic localization are regulated by different histone PTMs. Here, we used 174 Aspergillus species covering 22 sections to determine the correlation between BGC genomic localization, gene expression, and histone PTMs. We found a high abundance and diversity of SM backbone genes across the Aspergillus genus, with notable unique genes within sections. Being unique or conserved in many species, BGCs showed a strong bias for being localized in low-synteny regions, regardless of their position in chromosomes. Using chromosome-level assemblies, we also confirmed a significantly biased localization in sub-telomeric regions. Notably, SM backbone genes in sub-telomeric regions and about half of those in low-synteny regions exhibit higher gene expression variability, likely due to the similar higher variability in H3K4me3 and H3K36me3 histone PTMs; while variations in histone H3 acetylation and H3K9me3 are not correlated to genomic localization and expression variation, as analyzed in two Aspergillus species. Expression variability across four Aspergillus species further supports that BGCs tend to be located in low-synteny regions and that regulation of expression in those regions likely involves different histone PTMs than the most commonly studied modifications.
Association Between TTV Viremia, Chronic Inflammation, and Ischemic Heart Disease Risk: Insights From MARK-AGE and Report-Age Projects
Authors: Giacconi Robertina , Piacenza Francesco , Maggi Fabrizio , Bürkle Alexander , Moreno-Villanueva María , Mancinelli Lucia , Spezia Pietro Giorgio , Novazzi Federica , Drago Ferrante Francesca , Minosse Claudia , Grossi Paolo Antonio , Mancini Nicasio , Cecati Monia , Dollé Martijn E T , Jansen Eugène , Grune Tilman , Gonos Efstathios S , Franceschi Claudio , Capri Miriam , Weinberger Birgit , Sikora Ewa , Debacq-Chainiaux Florence , Stuetz Wolfgang , Hurme Mikko , Slagboom P Eline , Bernhardt Jürgen , Gentilini Davide , Calzari Luciano , Di Rosa Mirko , Bonfigli Anna Rita , Galeazzi Roberta , Cherubini Antonio , Lattanzio Fabrizia , Provinciali Mauro , Malavolta Marco 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The implication of Torquetenovirus (TTV) in ischemic heart disease (IHD) has not been thoroughly explored. This study investigated the association between TTV viremia, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and IHD risk in an aging population. This cross-sectional study included 900 non-IHD subjects and 86 individuals with IHD (aged 55–75 years) selected from the MARK-AGE project. Results were verified in another independent Report-Age cohort, including 94 inpatients with chronic IHD and 111 inpatients with non-IHD (aged 65–96 years). Multivariable logistic regression in the MARK-AGE cohort revealed that male sex, TTV viremia ≥4log, Cu/Zn ratio, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking were significant IHD predictors. Notably, TTV viremia ≥4log independently increased the IHD risk (odds ratio [OR]: 2.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.42–4.43), confirmed in the Report-Age cohort (OR: 4.90, 95% CI: 2.32–10.39). In a RASIG subgroup, individuals with TTV viremia ≥4 log, both with and without IHD, exhibited increased plasma pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, TNF-α) compared to those with TTV viremia &lt;4 log. No significant difference in cytokine production was observed between IHD patients and non-IHD with TTV viremia ≥4 log. A positive correlation between TTV viremia and DNA methylation estimator of leukocyte telomere length was observed in Report-Age patients. Additionally, IHD Report-Age patients with TTV viremia ≥4 log displayed higher NLR and SIRI index than those with TTV viremia &lt;4 log.
In conclusion, a high TTV viremia is associated with an elevated IHD risk in the older population, potentially arising from an augmented pro-inflammatory response and immunosenescence.
An efficient improved singular spectrum analysis for processing GNSS position time series with missing data
Authors: Ji Kunpu , Shen Yunzhong , Wang Fengwei , Chen Qiujie 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARY
The improved SSA (ISSA) method is widely recognized for directly extracting signals from gappy time-series without requiring prior interpolation. However, it is rather time consuming, particularly for long time-series with large window sizes, such as Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) position time-series. This study proposes an efficient ISSA method that yields equivalent results to the ISSA method while significantly reducing computation time. Both methods aim to minimize the quadratic norm of principal components, while our method has fewer unknown parameters in the principal component computation than those of the ISSA method. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method using real GNSS position time-series from 27 permanent stations located in mainland China. Results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce computation time than the ISSA method and the improvement depends on the chosen window size, the time-series length and the percentage of missing data. This efficient approach can be naturally extended to principal component analysis (PCA) and multichannel SSA (MSSA) for processing multiple incomplete time-series, improving computational efficiencies compared to the modified PCA and the improved MSSA while maintaining unchanged results. We also compare the ISSA method with the modified SSA (SSAM) and the iterative SSA methods using both real and synthetic time-series data. Results indicate that the ISSA method outperforms the SSAM method, and when conducted iteratively, also surpasses the iterative SSA method.
Exploring the roles of Lem2 and Bqt4 in lipid metabolism for nuclear envelope maintenance: a novel perspective
Authors: Ishiguro Kei-ichiro 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The nuclear envelope (NE) is a double-membrane structure critical for genome maintenance and cellular function, composed of the inner and outer nuclear membranes. In fission yeast, the inner nuclear membrane (INM) proteins Lem2 and Bqt4 are essential for maintaining NE integrity. The study published by Hiraoka group explores the interactions between Lem2 and Bqt4 with lipid synthesis enzymes, addressing their roles in NE maintenance. The authors identified Lem2- and Bqt4-binding proteins using immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry, revealing that Lem2 interacts with lipid synthesis enzymes, whilst Bqt4 binds to an enzyme that involves in glucosylceramide synthesis. These findings suggest that Lem2 and Bqt4 independently contribute to NE structure and its integrity through distinct lipid metabolic pathways, highlighting their complementary roles in nuclear membrane homeostasis. This study represents a significant step forward in the field of NE biology to unravel the complexities of nuclear membrane dynamics.
Randomized pilot trial of an unconditional cash transfer intervention to address food insecurity in oncology
Authors: McDougall Jean A , Adler Jaffe Shoshana , Jacobson Kendal , Shaver Tori L , Wilson Jennifer L F , Baca Katrina , Boyce Tawny , Tawfik Bernard , Page-Reeves Janet 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Screening for food insecurity and other social determinants of health is being integrated into oncology practice. We performed a pilot randomized trial to investigate whether an unconditional cash transfer (UCT) could be used to address food insecurity among female breast and gynecological cancer survivors. Food-insecure cancer survivors completed a baseline survey and were randomly assigned to receive $100/month for 3 months (UCT) or usual care (UC). Participants (n = 14) completed a follow-up survey after 3 months, and we compared changes in health-related quality of life, indicators of food insecurity, diet quality, and whether a participant had to forgo, delay, or make changes to medical care because of cost. The UCT was associated with higher physical health scores, fewer indicators of food insecurity, better diet quality, and a lower likelihood of forgoing medical care than those who received UC. Our results suggest that UCTs can improve outcomes for food-insecure cancer survivors.
FDA
Authors: Shorter Edward 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Before the 1990s, the pharmaceutical industry and the FDA were often in disagreement, and any view before then that the FDA was in the pharmaceutical industry’s pocket was off base. Lou Lasagna and William Wardell emphasized in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 1975 that it was an extraordinary perversion of justice to accuse the present FDA leadership of pro-industry bias. In fact, the reviews done by the FDA were seen as a major barrier in international drug competition. As a consequence, clinical trials turned into a kind of travesty of science as their purpose turned to gaining regulatory approval instead of obtaining new information. The randomized controlled trial (RCT) had a main role in the degradation of clinical trials from instruments of scientific curiosity to mechanisms for the registration of drugs.
Redesigning Health Care
Authors: Sava Rachel N. , Tarcan Serim , Vahia Ipsit V. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The geriatric mental health field faces unprecedented challenges as the aging population continues to expand. In the wake of a workforce shortage, escalating multimorbidity, growing mental health diagnoses, and an epidemic of loneliness and isolation, novel technologies aimed to address the mental health of older adults will be more crucial than ever. These technologies include, but are not limited to, wearable or passive remote monitoring devices, virtual reality, mobile applications, and artificial intelligence. However, with these advancements set to revolutionize the field come concerns around privacy, liability, consent, and effectiveness—as well as the implications for implementing these technologies across diverse communities globally. The future of geriatric mental health care is bright—but much research and governance still need to be addressed to ensure its success.
When Memories Keep Me Awake
Authors: Tiwari Vishnu , Rueda-Lara Maria 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this chapter, Ms. M’s case illustrates posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following a car accident. Following the accident, Ms. M experienced intrusive memories, nightmares, and heightened anxiety. She sought a second opinion due to ongoing distress, including feelings of estrangement from peers, concentration problems at work, and irritability toward family members. She also avoided driving and experienced fear and anxiety triggered by loud noises and other vehicles. The chapter discusses the prevalence of PTSD in the general population, risk factors, and diagnostic criteria. The chapter highlights the chronic nature of PTSD and its impact on daily functioning. It also mentions the association between PTSD and other comorbidities. Differential diagnosis is discussed, emphasizing the need to distinguish PTSD from other psychiatric conditions. Treatment options for PTSD include pharmacotherapy, trauma-focused psychotherapy, and supportive psychotherapy. The chapter concludes by providing insight into various therapeutic approaches and their potential benefits for individuals with PTSD.
Principles of Scientific Writing and Biomedical Publication— Perspectives and Advice From Editors
Authors: Fontanarosa Phil B. , Flanagin Annette , Greenland Philip 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Having a thorough knowledge of the principles of biomedical writing and scientific publication is essential for understanding the issues that can arise during the publishing process, for being aware of the ethical and practical aspects of manuscript preparation, and for successfully navigating the manuscript submission, peer review, revision, and publication processes of biomedical journals. As described in this chapter, the purpose of this practical book is to provide state-of-the-art and up-to-date information that will promote authors’ understanding of scientific publication, facilitate improved writing and manuscript preparation skills, and help authors navigate the complex and seemingly enigmatic scientific publication processes. The chapter also explains that information, recommendations, and advice in this book are based on the collective perspectives and insights of experienced JAMA and JAMA Network editors to help authors prepare high-quality manuscripts that may result in meaningful and important publications in biomedical journals.
Presenting the Results Section
Authors: Piccirillo Jay F. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Results section of an article reports data and information obtained through the conduct of the study. This chapter provides recommendations for preparing an informative Results section, including that findings should be reported as described in the prespecified study protocol and should be consistent with the research questions. This chapter also emphasizes understanding the advantages and disadvantages of reporting results with P values and effect size metrics (which is particularly important in biomedical research), including confidence intervals around effect size estimates, and determining whether results are compatible with clinically meaningful effects. Challenges around reporting quantitative results to patients, health care professionals, or policy decision makers are also addressed.
Referencing and Using Reference Managers
Authors: Shaw Pamela L. , Holmes Kristi , Greenland Philip 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Referencing the literature is a critical component of medical and scientific writing. Important issues related to referencing and the use of reference managers are addressed in this chapter, including that reference management tools are widely available and can reduce errors as well as increase productivity, although becoming familiar with these tools requires an initial investment in time. The chapter also highlights that a wide variety of tools are available and, while a library may select certain reference management tools, authors should consider the advantages and potential disadvantages of each when selecting one for their personal use. Some guidelines for referencing are discussed, such as that scientific manuscripts should include important, previously published work as references, but should avoid citing obvious facts that the journal audience would be expected to know, and that authors should follow the journal instructions for formatting and for the allowable number of references.
Clinical Trials
Authors: Bressler Neil M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A clinical trial is a research investigation that prospectively assigns human participants or groups of humans to an intervention or a comparison group to study the cause-and-effect relationship between that intervention and a health outcome. This chapter explains that these studies have a special place in biomedical publications because their findings, especially from primary outcome reports, are at or near the top of the evidence-based medicine hierarchy and may influence clinical care. The specific components of reports of clinical trials also are discussed (eg, title, abstract, introduction, methods, results, and discussion). Several other key issues are addressed, including statistical vs clinical significance or clinical relevance, clinical trial registration, and data sharing.