bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Pulsed Injection on Supersonic Shear Layer Mixing in a Scramjet Combustor
Authors: Smith Leslie , Farokhi Saeed 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
A novel injector has been designed and cold flow injection tests were performed in a modified supersonic wind tunnel. To complement these experimental studies three dimensional STAR-CCM+CFD simulations were developed. The pulse width may be varied, with options of injecting gas for 33 %, 50 % and 66 % of the injection period. The scramjet combustor environment is simulated in a supersonic wind tunnel through a backward facing step for secondary injection purposes and a 157.5 cm (62-inch) long test section. The gas in secondary injection is carbon dioxide and the primary flow is air. The simulations show a coupled interaction between the forcing from injection and the shear layer. Steady state static pressure measurements on the lower wall of the wind tunnel test section agree well with the simulated static pressure along the lower wall. The pulse width strongly impacts shear layer reattachment on the lower wall and varies between 2.4 and 4.3 step heights. Reduction in duty cycle from 66 % to 33 % at 1 kHz caused ~30 % reduction in the shear layer reattachments distance, which points to large scale mixing enhancement.
Compartmentalized cGMP Responses of Olfactory Sensory Neurons inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Shidara Hisashi , Hotta Kohji , Oka Kotaro 
Published: March 2017

Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) plays a crucial role as a second messenger in the regulation of sensory signal transduction in many organisms. In AWC olfactory sensory neurons ofCaenorhabditis elegans, cGMP also has essential and distinctive functions in olfactory sensation and adaptation. According to molecular genetic studies, when nematodes are exposed to odorants, a decrease in cGMP regulates cGMP-gated channels for olfactory sensation. Conversely, for olfactory adaptation, an increase in cGMP activates protein kinase G to modulate cellular physiological functions. Although these opposing cGMP responses in single neurons may occur at the same time, it is unclear how cGMP actually behaves in AWC sensory neurons. A hypothetical explanation for opposing cGMP responses is region-specific behaviors in AWC: for odor sensation, cGMP levels in cilia could decrease, whereas odor adaptation is mediated by increased cGMP levels in soma. Therefore, we visualized intracellular cGMP in AWC with a genetically encoded cGMP indicator, cGi500, and examined spatiotemporal cGMP responses in AWC neurons. The cGMP imaging showed that, after odor exposure, cGMP levels in AWC cilia decreased transiently, whereas levels in dendrites and soma gradually increased. These region-specific responses indicated that the cGMP responses in AWC neurons are explicitly compartmentalized. In addition, we performed Ca2+imaging to examine the relationship between cGMP and Ca2+. These results suggested that AWC sensory neurons are in fact analogous to vertebrate photoreceptor neurons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) plays crucial roles in the regulation of sensory signal transduction in many animals. In AWC olfactory sensory neurons ofCaenorhabditis elegans, cGMP also has essential and distinctive functions involving olfactory sensation and adaptation. Here, we visualized intracellular cGMP in AWC neurons with a genetically encoded cGMP indicator and examined how these different functions could be regulated by the same second messenger in single neurons. cGMP imaging showed that, after odor application, cGMP levels in cilia decreased transiently, whereas levels in dendrites and soma gradually increased. These region-specific responses indicated that the responses in AWC neurons are explicitly compartmentalized. In addition, by combining cGMP and Ca2+imaging, we observed that AWC neurons are analogous to vertebrate photoreceptor neurons.
CREB Signaling Is Involved in Rett Syndrome Pathogenesis
Authors: Bu Qian , Wang Anxin , Hamzah Hamdi , Waldman Alex , Jiang Keer , Dong Qiping , Li Ronghui , Kim Jason , Turner Daniel , Chang Qiang 
Published: March 2017

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a debilitating neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in theMECP2gene. To facilitate the study of cellular mechanisms in human cells, we established several human stem cell lines: human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line carrying the common T158M mutation (MECP2T158M/T158M), hESC line expressing no MECP2 (MECP2-KO), congenic pair of wild-type and mutant RTT patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line carrying the V247fs mutation (V247fs-WT and V247fs-MT), and iPSC line in which the V247fs mutation was corrected by CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing (V247fs-MT-correction). Detailed analyses of forebrain neurons differentiated from these human stem cell lines revealed genotype-dependent quantitative phenotypes in neurite growth, dendritic complexity, and mitochondrial function. At the molecular level, we found a significant reduction in the level of CREB and phosphorylated CREB in forebrain neurons differentiated fromMECP2T158M/T158M,MECP2-KO, and V247fs-MT stem cell lines. Importantly, overexpression of CREB or pharmacological activation of CREB signaling in those forebrain neurons rescued the phenotypes in neurite growth, dendritic complexity, and mitochondrial function. Finally, pharmacological activation of CREB in the femaleMecp2heterozygous mice rescued several behavioral defects. Together, our study establishes a robustin vitroplatform for consistent quantitative evaluation of genotype-dependent RTT phenotypes, reveals a previously unappreciated role of CREB signaling in RTT pathogenesis, and identifies a potential therapeutic target for RTT.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOur study establishes a robust human stem cell-based platform for consistent quantitative evaluation of genotype-dependent Rett syndrome (RTT) phenotypes at the cellular level. By providing the first evidence that enhancing cAMP response element binding protein signaling can alleviate RTT phenotypes bothin vitroandin vivo, we reveal a previously unappreciated role of cAMP response element binding protein signaling in RTT pathogenesis, and identify a potential therapeutic target for RTT.
Komplementer terápiás gyógymódok megítélése a perioperatív ellátásban dolgozó egészségügyi szakdolgozók között
Authors: Soós Sándor Árpád , Jeszenői Norbert , Darvas Katalin , Harsányi László 
Published: March 2017

Abstract: Introduction: Perioperative healthcare professionals’ attitudes towards non-conventional treatments have not been explored in Hungary yet. Aim: Our goal was to survey healthcare professionals’ attitude and knowledge towards naturopathy in six clinics of the Semmelweis University that provide perioperative care. Method: An anonymous, paper-based questionnaire was used. With an 82% response rate, the data was gained from 119 questionnaires and was processed using statistical analysis and chi-squared test. Results: Only 25.2% of those surveyed considered themselves to be well-informed in this field. 68.1% of the participants had an interest in naturopathy and 60.5% would have liked to learn about naturopathy. 70.6% would be willing to use non-conventional treatments in their daily work, predominantly those who have used these methods in the case of their own illness, p = 0.0027. The most popular treatment methods included homeopathy, alternative massage and movement therapy, acupuncture and manual therapy. Conclusion: As anticipated based on international literature in this field, those Hungarian healthcare professionals who took part in our survey showed openness and interest towards naturopathy. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(10), 368–375.
Prawa i obowiązki wiernych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem praw i obowiązków rodziny
Authors: Kornecki Tomasz 
Published: March 2017

The members of the Catholic Church have both rights and responsibilities, which result from the nature of the human being, as people are called to follow their vocation in life. However, to make it possible people and their activities must be protected by the rights and duties. Code of Canon Law sets out the rights and responsibilities of those who believe. It should be emphasized that these rights and duties permeate each other. A human being, as a member of the community of the Church through baptism, has the right, but also the obligation to promote holiness in life and thus strive to achieve it, since not only does it enrich inner life, but it also affects family life making it more human and more Christian. Parents should enjoy the right to educate their children according to their own beliefs and systems of values, and the state authorities cannot infract or destroy these systems. The right to education is a part of the idea of evangelization, which should originate from the closest members of a family. At the same time members of the Church, including both parents and children, can rely on help from the clergy in achieving salvation. They have the right to form associations and the right to defend the good name.
D.I. Ivanovsky ― A Pioneer Discover of Viruses, As A New Form of Biological Life
Authors: Zhirnov O. P. , Georgiev G. P. 
Published: March 2017

125 years ago, in 1992, a Russian scientist Dmitri Iosifovich Ivanovsky published first research data disclosing a unique form of filterable biological microlife. Further scientific progress in this discovery resulted in a new discipline of human knowledge, called «the Kingdom of viruses».A fundamental understanding of viral form of biological life was established not at once and was gradually formed under the accumulation of scientific facts. Only at the beginning of 50 years of the twentieth century, a basic understanding of viral Kingdom had been formed and 1992 year was recognized as the year of the birth of Virology. Virology, which started developing by the research of D.I. Ivanovsky, gave remarkable progress and prominent results: more than 20 scientists got Nobble Prize for the outstanding works in virology. There are all arguments and grounds to nominate the international scientific award in virology named of D.I. Ivanovsky.
Reliability and validity of the Antioch Child Hygiene Scale: A scale development study
Authors: Turhan Ebru , Inandi Tacettin 
Published: March 2017

Introduction: Personal hygiene is one of the most important determinants of health. A scale of personal hygiene is a useful tool to evaluate effects of health care interventions. The aim of this study was to develop a new, reliable, and valid measurement scale which can be used to evaluate the hygiene status of children, as well as the effects of the interventions.Methods: A total of 248 students and their parents, from Hatay Province in Turkey, participated in this school-based, cross-sectional study. An item pool was created for the Antioch Child Hygiene Scale (ACHS). Same questions were asked both for children (ACHS-C) and parents (ACHS-P) Data were collected in September 2013. Face validity, Cronbach's alpha, split-half, test-retest, factor analysis, and parallel form reliability were determined for the ACHS.Results: Twelve items that showed a weak correlation were removed from the ACHS. The mean score (standard deviation) was 159.4 ± 9.2 for ACHS-C and 152.2 ± 16.9 for ACHS-P. Cronbach's alpha for ACHS-C was 0.82 in the first test and 0.87 in the retest. Cronbach's alpha for ACHS-P was 0.91 in the first test and 0.94 in the retest. Split-half correlation was 0.59 for ACHS-C and 0.75 for ACHS-P. Correlation between pre-test and post-test scores was 0.54 for ACHS-C and 0.64 for ACHS-P (p < 0.001). In the principle component analysis, (Eigen value was taken greater than 1), 20 components for ACHS-C and 13 components for ACHS-P were extracted. Conclusions: Although both ACHS forms (i.e., ACHS-C and ACHS-P) were reliable in assessing the hygiene status of children, the reliability was higher for ACHS-P. In addition, validity should be improved in both forms of the ACHS. Nevertheless, both scales can be used to assess the hygiene status in school children.
Flavonoids and isoenzymes as chemotaxonomic markers in Cleome L.(Cleomaceae Bercht. & J.Presl)
Authors: Kasem W. T. , Fatahy S 
Published: March 2017

These studies were conducted on the twoflavonoid compounds of quercetin and kaempferol in addition electrophoretic studies of esterase and peroxidase isoenzymes by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresisfor five <em>Cleome</em>L. species. Extraction of these flavonoids was carried out using 90% ethanol and 85% methanol. Identification and quantification of quercetin and kaempferol was done using thin Layer chromatography (TLC) and further augmented using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and then isolated,purified and identified using melting point (M.P.) and infrared spectroscopy (IR).eightquercetinand seven kaempferol compounds are isolated and identified with different percentages. Electrophoretic patterns of two isoenzymes ofesterases (Est) and peroxidases (Prx) considered a good taxonomicmarker techniques. A total 45 esterase and peroxidase bands obtained scanning the gels. The highest combined esterase and peroxidase bands (13 bands) are found in <em>C.scaposa</em> DCwhereasthe lowest seven bands are recorded in <em>C. paradoxa</em> B.BR.35 obtained data of two flavonoid compounds and two isoenzymeswere subjected to numerical analysis which separated the studied species into two groups, the first has <em>C.gynandra</em>. and <em>C. viscosa </em>L., the second group included three species of <em>C. scaposa </em>DC<em>, C. brachycarpa </em>. and<em> C. paradoxa</em>.
Plant growth-promoting properties of cultivable endophytic root nodule bacterial isolates from Acacia mangium Willd
Authors: Syafikah Ismail Fatin , Malahubban Masnindah , Hailmi Sajili Mohammad , Fitri Ab. Aziz Zakry 
Published: March 2017

<strong>The present study was conducted to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria isolated from root nodules of <em>Acacia mangium</em> Willd and subsequently tested for plant growth promotion. A total of five bacterial isolates were successfully isolated and subjected to morphological and biochemical examination. The present study found that all isolates had almost similar morphologically but differed in growth rate. All isolates were negative on N-free and IAA tests, though positive on P solubilisation test. The present study demonstrated that the inoculation with isolate FSI3 had significantly improved (p&lt;0.05) root and shoot dry weight of winged bean seedlings as compared to uninoculated control. However, the inoculation did not significantly alter (p&gt;0.05) root and shoot length of winged bean seedlings. The present study suggests that the stimulatory effect by isolate FSI3 may be associated with P-solubilizing ability. A further test on isolate FSI3 is considered essential in future to uncover the several other possible plant growth-promoting mechanisms. </strong>
PENGARUH PEMBANGUNAN SEKTOR PERTANIAN TERHADAP DISTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN DAN KESEMPATAN KERJA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Yasrizal . , Hasan Ishak 
Published: March 2017

<p>The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of GDP growth in the agricultural sector to the distribution of income and employment opportunities in the agricultural sector of Indonesia, in the period 1996-2014. This study uses secondary data time series (time series), obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), and related agencies as well as various data published through various scientific papers are considered to have a correlation and relevance to this study. The results showed that the GDP data processing significant at α = 0.050 shown in the p-value of 0.000 or significant at 100 percent confidence interval with a positive effect on employment. Where the coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.9943, meaning that GDP has an impact for 99 percent of the agricultural labor opportunities in Indonesia. Meanwhile GDP is significant at α = 0.10 on income distribution shown in the p-value of 0.000 or significant at 100 percent confidence interval with a positive impact on the Gini ratio. Where the coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.99014, meaning that GDP has a 99 percent influence on income distribution in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Keyword:</strong><strong> </strong>Agricultural Sector, Employment, Income Disparity</p><p> </p>
NET CONSUMER OF RICE AND POVERTY IN INDONESIA: SIMULATION USING EQUIVALENT VARIATION
Authors: Respati Wiena Maulidia , Gafara Witra Ghaitsa , Izzati Ridho Al 
Published: March 2017

<div class="WordSection1"><p>Indonesia’s domestic rice price has experienced a significantly increase when the global price of corps commodity decline. An increase in rice price from 2012 to 2015 had reached 30%. The most acute occurred on the first quarter of 2014 until the last quarter of 2015 that overtake 17%. Increase in domestic rice price will affect mostly to consumer welfare in Indonesia, because as we know, rice is one of the staple food for Indonesian people whom has inelastic demand.</p><p>This paper uses National Socio-economics Survey (SUSENAS) year 2012 and 2014. We revisit McCulloch (2008) and used SUSENAS 2004 to calculate amount of agricultural household in Indonesia. The result of the author’s calculation there was a diminution from 46% in 2004 to 37% in 2012 on the amount of agricultural households in Indonesia. From the total of agricultural household, 19% are the rice-farming households. Surprisingly, 90% of Indonesia’s households are the net consumer whom bought the rice from the market. The result shows that 15% of the total net consumers are the rice-farming households and 10% of net consumers are poor households. This means that if there is an increasing in the price of rice, automatically this household will get influenced include the rice farmers who in fact is also as the rice producers.</p><p>The authors conduct simulation to see the effect of the increase in the rice price towards consumptions that ultimately will alter poverty incidence. Simulation that has been performed uses equivalent variation method to calculate a changing on household consumption as the result of an increase in the rice prices. The result from the simulation of a increase in rice price shows that households in every quantile is affected, ceteris paribus. Authors also including <em>Raskin </em>as compensated consumption when there is an increase in rice prices. These findings suggest that, rice price should be stabilized in order to maintain the society’s welfare and government should establish pro-poor policy especially for food security to prevent the increasing of poverty incidence.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p>Keywords: rice price, poverty, rice farmer, equivalent variation</p><p>JEL Code: I32, Q18</p></div>
Creating objective and measurable postgraduate year 1 residency graduation requirements
Authors: Starosta Kaitlin , Davis Susan L. , Kenney Rachel M. , Peters Michael , To Long , Kalus James S. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Purpose
The process of developing objective and measurable postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) residency graduation requirements and a progress tracking system is described.

Summary
The PGY1 residency accreditation standard requires that programs establish criteria that must be met by residents for successful completion of the program (i.e., graduation requirements), which should presumably be aligned with helping residents to achieve the purpose of residency training. In addition, programs must track a resident’s progress toward fulfillment of residency goals and objectives. Defining graduation requirements and establishing the process for tracking residents’ progress are left up to the discretion of the residency program. To help standardize resident performance assessments, leaders of an academic medical center–based PGY1 residency program developed graduation requirement criteria that are objective, measurable, and linked back to residency goals and objectives. A system for tracking resident progress relative to quarterly progress targets was instituted. Leaders also developed a focused, on-the-spot skills assessment termed “the Thunderdome,” which was designed for objective evaluation of direct patient care skills. Quarterly data on residents’ progress are used to update and customize each resident’s training plan. Implementation of this system allowed seamless linkage of the training plan, the progress tracking system, and the specified graduation requirement criteria.

Conclusion
PGY1 residency requirements that are objective, that are measurable, and that attempt to identify what skills the resident must demonstrate in order to graduate from the program were developed for use in our residency program. A system for tracking the residents’ progress by comparing residents’ performance to predetermined quarterly benchmarks was developed.
Lectura y escritura en la era digital. Desafíos que la introducción de las TIC impone a la tarea de estimular el desarrollo del lenguaje en niños jóvenes
Authors: Ortiz Orlando 
Published: March 2017

El siguiente artículo es una reflexión sobre los cambios que están originando las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) en los hábitos de leer, escribir y pensar; algunos temores justificados e injustificados de los adultos ante la introducción de los computadores en el contexto escolar y los desafíos que todo esto plantea a la tarea de los educadores.
La educación continúa en México: hacia la transición a la captación a distancia
Authors: Vega García Rosario 
Published: March 2017

Los grandes cambios que se han suscitado en la educación a distancia en los últimos tiempos, han sido impulsados por distintas variables culturales, sociales, políticas y económicas. En México también se han hecho presentes estas transformaciones, apoyadas por los esfuerzos de las autoridades educativas, investigadores del sector y docentes para buscar y aplicar modalidades educativas que permitan una mayor cobertura.AbstractThe big changes that have been provoked in the education distantly in the last times, have been stimulated by different cultural, social, political and economic variables. In Mexico also there have become present these transformations supported by the efforts, investigative of the educational authorities of the sector and teachers to seek and to apply educational modalities that allow a major coverage.
Incidencia de la formación en el profesorado. Webquest: una propuesta metodológica en educación infantil y primaria
Authors: Molina Jaén María Dolores , Rodríguez Javier , Pérez Navío Eufrasio , Callado Juan Antonio 
Published: March 2017

La presente investigación ha querido constatar la incidencia de la formación online realizada por la administración educativa andaluza desde el curso escolar 2010-2011 hasta el 2013-2014 desde sus Centros del Profesorado -CEP-, en el uso de herramientas TIC y en las propuestas metodológicas que incluyen herramientas como la Webquest y su desarrollo en el aula. Para ello hemos desarrollado un cuestionario al efecto y el análisis de los resultados deberán hacernos reflexionar sobre el cambio metodológico que se ha de producir todavía en los centros y en las aulas tras la formación recibida, para ir a la par al menos, con los cambios que se han producido ya en los ámbitos sociales y personales de la vida de nuestro alumnado.
Análisis de la implementación de Flipped Classroom en las asignaturas instrumentales de 4º Educación Secundaria Obligatoria
Authors: Borao Moreno Laura , Palau Martín Ramon Félix 
Published: March 2017

Este estudio analiza, con una metodología mixta aprovechando datos cualitativos y cuantitativos, si la incorporación de Flipped Classroom o clase invertida, mejora, frente a la clase tradicional, los resultados obtenidos en las asignaturas instrumentales de la Comunidad. Esta investigación se ha llevado a cabo en 4º curso de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO), a 47 alumnos de un centro concertado de Valencia, intentando demostrar los beneficios en la motivación, en el interés y en los resultados académicos del dicente que conlleva la implementación de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) como herramienta fundamental en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.