bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Service Use and Unmet Needs for Substance Use and Mental Disorders in Canada
Authors: Urbanoski Karen , Inglis Dakota , Veldhuizen Scott 
Published: June 2017

Objective: To investigate patterns and predictors of help seeking and met/unmet needs for mental health care in a national population health survey. Method: Participants were respondents to the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey on Mental Health (CCHS-MH; n = 25,133). We used regression to identify the diagnostic and sociodemographic predictors of the use of informal supports, primary care, and specialist care, as well as perceived unmet needs. Results: Eleven percent of Canadians reported using professionally led services for mental health or substance use in 2012, while another 9% received informal supports. Two-thirds of people with substance use disorders did not receive any care, and among those who did, informal supports were most common. Seventy-four percent of people with mood/anxiety disorders and 88% of those with co-occurring disorders did access services, most commonly specialist mental health care. Men, older people, members of ethnocultural minorities, those not born in Canada, those with lower education, and those with higher incomes were less likely to receive care. Unmet needs were higher among people with substance use disorders. Conclusions: Gaps in services continue to exist for some potentially vulnerable population subgroups. Policy and practice solutions are needed to address these unmet needs. In particular, the convergence of research pointing to gaps in the availability and accessibility of high-quality services for substance use in Canada demands attention.
Preimplantation genetic screening
Authors: Harper Joyce C 
Published: June 2017

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis was first successfully performed in 1989 as an alternative to prenatal diagnosis for couples at risk of transmitting a genetic or chromosomal abnormality, such as cystic fibrosis, to their child. From embryos generated in vitro, biopsied cells are genetically tested. From the mid-1990s, this technology has been employed as an embryo selection tool for patients undergoing in vitro fertilisation, screening as many chromosomes as possible, in the hope that selecting chromosomally normal embryos will lead to higher implantation and decreased miscarriage rates. This procedure, preimplantation genetic screening, was initially performed using fluorescent in situ hybridisation, but 11 randomised controlled trials of screening using this technique showed no improvement in in vitro fertilisation delivery rates. Progress in genetic testing has led to the introduction of array comparative genomic hybridisation, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and next generation sequencing for preimplantation genetic screening, and three small randomised controlled trials of preimplantation genetic screening using these new techniques indicate a modest benefit. Other trials are still in progress but, regardless of their results, preimplantation genetic screening is now being offered globally. In the near future, it is likely that sequencing will be used to screen the full genetic code of the embryo.
Screening organization and recall rate in a regional breast screening programme
Authors: Beruchashwili Tina , Gvamichava Rema , Duffy Stephen W 
Published: June 2017

Objective To use results on recall rates from a regional non-population-based breast screening programme to inform practice in a planned national population-based programme. Methods We analysed data on rates of recall for further assessment in 27,327 mammographic screening episodes in 2015–2016 in the breast screening programme in the city of Tbilisi, Georgia. Screening was done by two-view digital mammography with double reading in women aged 40–70, and further assessment took place at the same clinic and during the same visit as the initial screening mammogram. Results The recall rates were 46% (3573/7824) in 2015 and 27% (5276/19,503) in 2016. Cancer detection rates were 8 per 1000 in 2015 and 3 per 1000 in 2016. Rates of recall were higher in younger women than in older, whereas the rates of cancer detection were higher in older women. Conclusions The recall rates, while lower in 2016 than in 2015, are still too high to manage in a nationwide population programme. The use of same-visit assessment is likely to be contributing to this. The national programme should consider separate assessment clinics and carry out audit of recalls to date.
Associated Hematolymphoid Malignancies in Patients With Lymphomatoid Papulosis: A Canadian Retrospective Study
Authors: AbuHilal Mohanad , Walsh Scott , Shear Neil 
Published: June 2017

Background: Lymphomatoid papulosis is one of the primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. Although considered a benign disease, lymphomatoid papulosis has been associated potentially with an increased risk of secondary hematolymphoid malignancies. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical characteristics and histologic subtypes of lymphomatoid papulosis, identify the prevalence and types of secondary hematolymphoid malignancies, and determine the potential risk factors for development of these hematolymphoid malignancies. Methods and Materials: A retrospective chart review was performed for all histologically confirmed cases of lymphomatoid papulosis between 1991 and 2016. Results: Seventy patients with lymphomatoid papulosis were identified. Thirty patients (43%) experienced a secondary hematolymphoid malignancy. Twenty-four (80%) of the hematolymphoid malignancies occurred after the onset of lymphomatoid papulosis. Older age at diagnosis of lymphomatoid papulosis, male sex, histology type B, and the presence of T-cell receptor gene rearrangement are associated with higher risk of developing hematolymphoid malignancy. Conclusion: Lymphomatoid papulosis is associated with increased risk of developing secondary hematolymphoid malignancies, particularly mycosis fungoides and cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma.
Electronic consultation system demonstrates educational benefit for primary care providers
Authors: Kwok Jonas , Olayiwola J Nwando , Knox Margae , Murphy Elizabeth J , Tuot Delphine S 
Published: June 2017

Background Electronic consultation systems allow primary care providers to receive timely speciality expertise via iterative electronic communication. The use of such systems is expanding across the USA with well-documented high levels of user satisfaction. We characterise the educational impact for primary care providers of a long-standing integrated electronic consultation and referral system. Methods Primary care providers’ perceptions of the educational value inherent to electronic consultation system communication and the impact on their ability to manage common speciality clinical conditions and questions were examined by electronic survey using five-point Likert scales. Differences in primary care providers’ perceptions were examined overall and by primary care providers’ speciality, provider type and years of experience. Results Among 221 primary care provider participants (35% response rate), 83.9% agreed or strongly agreed that the integrated electronic consultation and referral system provided educational value. There were no significant differences in educational value reported by provider type (attending physician, mid-level provider, or trainee physician), primary care providers’ speciality, or years of experience. Perceived benefit of the electronic consultation and referral system in clinical management appeared stronger for laboratory-based conditions (i.e. subclinical hypothyroidism) than more diffuse conditions (i.e. abdominal pain). Nurse practitioners/physician assistants and trainee physicians were more likely to report improved abilities to manage specific clinical conditions when using the electronic consultation and/or referral system than were attending physicians, as were primary care providers with ≤10 years experience, versus those with >20 years of experience. Conclusions Primary care providers report overwhelmingly positive perceptions of the educational value of an integrated electronic consultation and referral system. Nurse practitioners, physician assistants, trainee physicians and less-experienced primary care providers report the greatest clinical educational benefit, particularly for conditions involving lab-based diagnosis and management.
Childhood maltreatment and its link to borderline personality disorder features in children: A systematic review approach
Authors: Ibrahim Jeyda , Cosgrave Nicola , Woolgar Matthew 
Published: June 2017

Background: Borderline personality disorder has repeatedly been associated with a history of maltreatment in childhood; however, research on maltreatment and its link to borderline features in children is limited. Method: The aim of this review is to synthesise the existing data on the association between maltreatment and borderline features in childhood. In total, 10 studies were included in this systematic review. Results: Studies indicated that children with borderline features were more likely to have a history of maltreatment, and that children who had been maltreated were more likely to present with borderline features. Other risk factors such as cognitive and executive functioning deficits, parental dysfunction and genetic vulnerability were also identified across studies. Conclusion: This review adds to the literature by highlighting maltreatment as a risk factor for borderline features in childhood. Longitudinal research is required to establish the link between childhood borderline features and adult borderline features. Implications for early identification, prevention and intervention services are discussed.
Are preterm-born survivors at risk of long-term respiratory disease?
Authors: Kaczmarczyk Katarzyna , Wiszomirska Ida , Szturmowicz Magdalena , Magiera Andrzej , Błażkiewicz Michalina 
Published: June 2017

Background: To evaluate the long-term impact of preterm birth on respiratory function in female patients born preterm, we undertook spirometric examinations twice, as they reached the age of puberty, then follow-up examinations of part of the same cohort in adulthood. We sought evidence that preterm birth is correlated with poorer spirometric results into adulthood. Methods: A total of 70 girls (aged 12.2 ± 1.5 years in 1997) who had been born preterm (at 34.7 ± 1.86 weeks, none having experienced bronchopulmonary dysplasia) took part in spriometric examinations in 1997 and again in 1998. Of those, after a gap of 17 years, a group of 12 were successfully recontacted and participated in the 2015 examination as adults (then aged 27.6 ± 2.6 years, born at 34.5 ± 1.92 weeks). We compared spirometric results across the adolescent and adult examinations, and compared the adult results with an adult reference group. Results: The percentage values of FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 s), FVC (forced vital capacity) and MVV (maximal voluntary ventilation) showed significant improvement between the two examinations in the early adolescent period. In adulthood, FEV1%pred (percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s) showed no statistically significant difference. The mean values of both FVC and FVC%pred (percentage predicted forced vital capacity) for the preterm-born group were lower than for the reference group, but this was not statistically significant. The preterm-born group showed lower values of such parameters as forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of FVC, MEF25 (maximal expiratory flow at 25% of forced vital capacity) and FEV1/FVC as compared with the reference group, but again without statistical significance. Conclusions: (1) A somewhat below-norm level of respiratory parameters among preterm-born girls entering pubescence may attest to continued negative impact on their respiratory system. (2) A significant improvement in their spirometric results 1 year later may indicate that pubescence helps compensate for the earlier negative effect of preterm birth. (3) No significant differences were seen in lung function in preterm-born adults as compared with a reference group of adults, although the preterm-born group did exhibit lower values of all parameters studied and more frequent obstructive disorders.
Complications Following Operatively Treated Ankle Fractures in Insulin- and Non–Insulin-Dependent Diabetic Patients
Authors: Haddix Kevin P. , Clement R. Carter , Tennant Joshua N. , Ostrum Robert F. 
Published: June 2017

Background: Diabetics with ankle fractures experience more complications than the general population, but it is unclear whether complications differ between type 1 and 2 diabetics and between insulin- and non–insulin-dependent diabetics. This study aims to determine if there is a difference in postoperative complication rates between these groups. Methods: An administrative health care database from a large commercial insurer was queried to identify operatively treated ankle fractures in patients with type 1 (T1D), type 2 (T2D), type 2 insulin-dependent (T2ID), and type 2 non–insulin-dependent (T2NID) diabetes. Postoperative complications were identified to include postoperative stiffness, posttraumatic arthritis, amputation, implant removal, and infection. Subgroup analysis was performed to control for comorbidities. Results: A total of 20 703 closed and 2873 open operatively treated ankle fractures were identified. Patients with T1D experienced higher rates of amputation, postoperative infection, and total complications than patients with T2D (P < .05). Patients with T2ID experienced higher rates of amputation, infection, and total complications than those with T2NID (P < .0001). Subgroup analysis controlling for comorbidities showed a higher total complication rate for T1D compared with T2D in closed ankle fractures (P < .02) and for T2ID compared with T2NID in both open and closed ankle fractures (P < .0001). Conclusions: Patients with T1D and T2ID have higher complication rates than patients with T2D and T2NID, respectively. Foot and ankle surgeons should be cautioned not to classify diabetics as one cohort and should use these findings to stratify risk among this patient population. Levels of Evidence: Level III: Diagnostic
Systematic Review of the Effect of Taping Techniques on Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
Authors: Logan Catherine A. , Bhashyam Abhiram R. , Tisosky Ashley J. , Haber Daniel B. , Jorgensen Anna , Roy Adam , Provencher Matthew T. 
Published: June 2017

Context: Taping is commonly used in the management of several musculoskeletal conditions, including patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Specific guidelines for taping are unknown. Objective: To investigate the efficacy of knee taping in the management of PFPS. Our hypothesis was that tension taping and exercise would be superior to placebo taping and exercise as well as to exercise or taping alone. Data Sources: The PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Source, and CINAHL databases were reviewed for English-language randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of various taping techniques that were published between 1995 and April 2015. Keywords utilized included taping, McConnell, kinesio-taping, kinesiotaping, patellofemoral pain, and knee. Study Selection: Studies included consisted of RCTs (level 1 or 2) with participants of all ages who had anterior knee or patellofemoral pain symptoms and had received nonsurgical management using any taping technique. Study Design: Systematic review. Level of Evidence: Level 2. Data Extraction: A checklist method was used to determine selection, performance, detection, and attrition bias for each article. A quality of evidence grading was then referenced using the validated PEDro database for RCTs. Three difference comparison groups were compared: tension taping and exercise versus placebo taping and exercise (group 1), placebo taping and exercise versus exercise alone (group 2), and tension taping and exercise versus taping alone (group 3). Results: Five RCTs with 235 total patients with multiple intervention arms were included. Taping strategies included McConnell and Kinesiotaping. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores indicated improvement in all 3 comparison groups (group 1: 91 patients, 39% of total, mean VAS improvement 44.9 [tension taping + exercise] vs 66 [placebo taping + exercise]; group 2: 56 patients, 24% of total, mean VAS improvement 66 [placebo taping + exercise] vs 47.6 [exercise alone]; and group 3: 112 patients, 48% of total, mean VAS improvement 44.9 [tension taping + exercise] vs 14.1 [taping alone]). Conclusion: This systematic review supports knee taping only as an adjunct to traditional exercise therapy for PFPS; however, it does not support taping in isolation.
Simultaneous bilateral correction of genu varum with Smart frame
Authors: Özkul Barış , Çamurcu Yalkin , Sokucu Sami , Yavuz Umut , Akman Yunus Emre , Demir Bilal 
Published: June 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate clinical and radiological results of simultaneous bilateral correction of genu varum with Smart frame. Methods: Between 2011 and 2015, a total of 25 patients (10 females, 15 males) who had bilateral genu varum deformity were operated bilaterally with tibial and fibular osteotomy in the same session, using Smart frame. The mean follow-up period was 28.7 (range, 13–45) months. All patients had bilateral tibial varus deformity. Femoral deformity was corrected in an earlier session in nine patients. Mechanical axis deviation (MAD), mechanical lateral distal femoral angle, mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA) and posterior proximal tibial angle (PPTA) were measured preoperatively and postoperatively. Short Form-36 questionnaire was filled by the patients preoperatively and during the last follow-up. Results: The mean preoperative MAD was 37.6 mm (range, 9–98 mm), which improved to 8.4 mm (range, 3–44 mm) postoperatively ( p < 0.05). The mean preoperative mMPTA was 76°, which improved to 89° ( p < 0.05). The mean preoperative PPTA was 75.5°, which improved to 80.3 ( p < 0.05). Ten problems (20%), two obstacles (4%) and no sequelae occurred in 50 legs of 25 patients. Conclusions: In conclusion, Smart frame is an accurate and reliable method for performing bilateral simultaneous deformity correction in patients with bilateral genu varum deformity. It can be applied for various childhood-induced severe tibial deformities such as achondroplasia, rickets, skeletal dysplasia and Blount’s disease.
A novel surgical approach for treating distal radial extraarticular malunion: Oblique osteotomy with buttress plate stabilization
Authors: Wu Chi-Chuan 
Published: June 2017

Purpose: Distal radial extraarticular malunions are not uncommon. However, requirements of surgical correction depend on multiple conditions. Traditionally, surgical techniques include closing or opening wedge osteotomies. Each has unique advantages and disadvantages. An oblique osteotomy was developed to simplify the revision surgery. Methods: Forty-eight consecutive adult patients with 48 malunions were surgically treated. An oblique osteotomy of 45° vertical to the radial longitudinal axis was performed from medio-distally to latero-proximally. Consequently, the osteotomized fragments were compressed with a bone clamp. The proximal part of the distal fragment was pushed backward to correct the dorsal tilt. A 7-hole buttress plate was inserted volarly and cancellous bone graft was packed. Postoperatively, a short-arm splint or brace without restriction of all five metacarpophalangeal joints was applied for 6 weeks. Results: Forty-one patients were followed for an average of 2.8 years (range, 1.1–5.8 years). All malunions healed within 6 weeks. The union rate was 100% and no complications occurred. Radiographically, ulnar variance, volar tilt of radial articulation, and radial inclination restored to acceptable criteria in all patients. Patients with Modified Mayo Wrist Score (MMWS) improved from 17% to 80% ( p < 0.001) and Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) Score improved from 0% to 80% ( p < 0.001). The relationship between MMWS and DASH Score was highly correlated (correlation coefficient = −0.90). Conclusion: The described approach may be an excellent alternative for treating distal radial extraarticular malunions. The technique is not difficult but the satisfactory rate is high.
Individual differences in autistic children’s homograph reading: Evidence from Hebrew
Authors: Brock Jon , Sukenik Nufar , Friedmann Naama 
Published: June 2017

Background and aims On average, autistic individuals make more errors than control participants when reading aloud sentences containing heterophonic homographs—written words with multiple meanings and pronunciations. This finding is widely interpreted within the framework of “weak central coherence” as evidence for impaired sentence-level comprehension resulting in a failure to disambiguate the homograph meaning. However, consistent findings at the group level belie considerable individual variation. Our aim here was to determine whether that variation was reliable and whether it could be predicted. Methods We developed a Hebrew version of the homograph-reading test, containing many more items than is possible in English. The test was administered to 18 native-Hebrew speaking autistic children and adolescents, along with a battery of reading and language assessments. Results Participants with autism showed wide individual variation in performance on the homograph-reading task. Using a mixed random effects logistic regression analysis, we showed that measures of autism severity, single word reading, and single word comprehension all left reliable individual variation unaccounted for and none accounted for variation beyond that associated with the child’s age. Instead, homograph reading was best predicted by performance on a picture naming task, which accounted for unique variation beyond age and each of the other predictors. Conclusions Poor performance of autistic individuals on the English version of the homograph-reading task has until now been characterized as evidence for a comprehension deficit in autism. However, the results of the current study lead us to propose a new working hypothesis—that difficulties affecting some autistic individuals reflect impairment in the use of semantics to guide the selection of the appropriate phonological form during speech production. This hypothesis is consistent with the strong association between homograph reading and picture naming. It may also help explain the inconsistent pattern of results across studies using different measures of linguistic “central coherence.” Implications The results of this preliminary study should be replicated before firm conclusions are drawn. Nonetheless, the study serves to emphasize the importance of considering within-group as well as between-group variations in studies of autism. It also provides a worked example showing how mixed random effect analyses can be used to explore individual differences, distinguishing between genuine variation and psychometric noise.