bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying polygenic risk scoring for psychiatric disorders to a large family with Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Jong Simone de , Abdalla Diniz Mateus Jose , Saloma Rodrigues Andiara Calado , Gadelha Ary , Santoro Marcos L , Ota Vanessa K , Noto Cristiano ,   Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder Working Groups of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Curtis Charles , Patel Hamel , Hall Lynsey S , O’Reilly Paul F , Belangero Sintia I , Bressan Rodrigo , Breen Gerome 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTWe aim to investigate the application of polygenic risk scoring within a family context. Polygenic risk profiles could aid in unraveling the role that common variation confers on disease risk within a pedigree that would have traditionally been viewed through the prism of monogenic inheritance only. We illustrate our discussion by analyzing polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia, major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder in a large pedigree (n~260) in which 30% of family members suffer from major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder. We apply polygenic risk scores to study patterns of assortative mating and anticipation, whereby it appears increased polygenic risk for psychiatric disorders is contributed by affected individuals who married into the family, resulting in an increasing genetic risk over generations in the family. This may explain the observation of anticipation in mood disorders, whereby onset is earlier and the severity of a disease increases over the generations of a family. Joint analyses of both rare and common variation may be the most powerful way to understand the familial genetics of mood and psychiatric disorders.
Authenticity in branding – exploring antecedents and consequences of brand authenticity
Authors: Fritz Kristine , Schoenmueller Verena , Bruhn Manfred 
Published: January 2017

PurposeConsumer demand for authentic brands is steadily rising. With increased pressure to accommodate this demand, researchers and marketers seek to understand how to influence a brand’s perceived authenticity. The purpose of this paper is to build a link between previous research on authenticity and thus gain a deeper understanding of the influencing factors of brand authenticity and its consumer outcomes.Design/methodology/approachBuilding on an extensive literature review, the authors identify various antecedents of brand authenticity that are closely connected with the brand’s past, its virtuousness, consumers’ self-identification with the brand perceiver’s own self and individuals representing the brand, as well as relational outcomes as consequences of a brand’s perceived authenticity. As brand authenticity is a subjective construct, the authors include brand involvement to test for moderator effects. For data collection, they conduct an online survey that generates 509 datasets. To test the hypotheses, the authors use structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results demonstrate that brand authenticity can be influenced by the identified variables (i.e. brand heritage, brand nostalgia, brand commercialization, brand clarity, brand’s social commitment, brand legitimacy, actual self-congruence and employee’s passion). Moreover, brand authenticity positively affects brand relationship quality, which in turn positively influences consumers’ behavioral intentions. The analyzed relationships do not vary due to consumer-specific characteristics (i.e. brand involvement).Originality/valueIn sum, the results regarding the antecedents of brand authenticity demonstrate that a company can influence brand authenticity through different approaches, and that it is therefore important to analyze which of the identified antecedents brand management should manipulate to positively impact the perception of the brand’s authenticity. In addition, the findings confirm the positive consequences on consumer behavior ascribed to the authenticity concept by marketing literature.
The impact of market size on new market entry: a contingency approach
Authors: Min Sungwook , Kim Namwoon , Zhan Ge 
Published: January 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to offer explanations of the wide variation in the impact of market size on new market entry decisions – i.e. its positive impact lessens because of unreliable predictability of market size on post-entry profit and entry motivations other than post-entry profit.Design/methodology/approachOn the basis of the two explanations, this paper builds a contingency frame that the impact of market size on new market entry depends on entry-context-specific variables. It validates the contingency frame, empirically analyzing 219 parameter estimates of the impact of market size on market entry obtained from 41 existing empirical studies.FindingsThe meta-analysis results reveal that the entry-context-specific variables used in this study – niche market entry, high-tech market entry, entry by industry incumbent firms and the year of market entry – notably moderate the impact of market size on new market entry decisions, as the research frame suggests.Research limitations/implicationsThis study examines the various literature and study outcomes in the areas of marketing, economics and strategy to elucidate whether and when market size is a critical driver of new market entry. In most cases, the greater the new market size, the greater is the propensity to enter the market. However, the contingency arguments stated in this paper suggest that firms may and do enter a new market even if the market size is not large at the time of entry.Originality/valueThis paper enhances the understanding of the relative importance of market size in market entry decisions, which depend on various entry contexts. It clarifies the direction and magnitude of the impact of such entry contexts.
My role and experiences as a mother (“carer”) for my daughter
Authors: O’Connor Kay 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe a mother’s experience of having a daughter who experienced mental health problems.

Design/methodology/approach
Narrative account.

Findings
The author wants to convey the enormous pride that the author feel for her wonderful daughter, and some of the challenges that the author has encountered. The author also writes about what helps her and what helps her daughter, the lessons that the author has learnt, and the benefits that a local recovery initiative have brought for the author and her daughter.

Originality/value
A mother’s account of the benefits a local recovery initiative has brought to her and her daughter.
Population pharmacokinetics analysis of intravenous busulfan in Chinese patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Wu Xuemei , Xie Helin , Lin Weiwei , Yang Ting , Li Nainong , Lin Shanshan , Yuan Xiaohong , Ren Jinhua , Li Xiaofan , Huang Xian 
Published: January 2017

SummaryThere are several reports describing population pharmacokinetic (popPK) models of busulfan (BU). However, limited information is available in Chinese hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients. The present study aimed to establish a popPK model of intravenous BU in Chinese HSCT patients for individualized drug therapy. The popPK model of BU was developed from a total of 284 concentration–time points from 53 patients. The effects of demographic and biochemical covariates were investigated by nonlinear mixed effect model (NONMEM) software. Plots, visual predictive check (VPC), bootstrap and normalized prediction distribution error (NPDE) were performed to determine the stability and the reliability of the final model. A one‐compartment model with first‐order elimination process was confirmed as the final structural model for BU. For a typical patient whose body surface area (BSA) is 1.7 m2, the population typical values of CL and Vd were 11.86 L/h, and 48.2 L, respectively. The result suggested BSA showed significant influence on CL and Vd (P<.001). Plots revealed the final model was performing a goodness fit. The steady rate verified by bootstrap was 100%, relative deviation was less than 4.00%, estimated value of final model was in the 95% confidence interval (CI). The VPC results showed the observed values were almost all positioned within the 5th and 95th CIs. The mean and variance of the NPDE were 0.0363 (Wilcoxon signed‐rank test, 0.298) and 0.877 (Fisher variance test, 0.134; SW test of normality, 0.108), respectively. The global adjusted P value was 0.305, which indicated that the prediction of the BU popPK model was adequate. A physician‐friendly Microsoft Excel‐base tool was implemented using the final popPK model for designing individualized dosing regimens.
Expert, Crowd, Students or Algorithm: who holds the key to deep‐sea imagery ‘big data’ processing?
Authors: Matabos Marjolaine , Hoeberechts Maia , Doya Carol , Aguzzi Jacopo , Nephin Jessica , Reimchen Thomas E. , Leaver Steve , Marx Roswitha M. , Branzan Albu Alexandra , Fier Ryan , Fernandez‐Arcaya Ulla , Juniper S. Kim 
Published: January 2017

Summary

Recent technological development has increased our capacity to study the deep sea and the marine benthic realm, particularly with the development of multidisciplinary seafloor observatories. Since 2006, Ocean Networks Canada cabled observatories, have acquired nearly 65 TB and over 90 000 h of video data from seafloor cameras and remotely operated vehicles. Manual processing of these data is time‐consuming and highly labour‐intensive, and cannot be comprehensively undertaken by individual researchers. These videos are a crucial source of information for assessing natural variability and ecosystem responses to increasing human activity in the deep sea.

We compared the performance of three groups of humans and one computer vision algorithm in counting individuals of the commercially important sablefish (or black cod) Anoplopoma fimbria, in recorded video from a cabled camera platform at 900 m depth in a submarine canyon in the Northeast Pacific. The first group of human observers were untrained volunteers recruited via a crowdsourcing platform and the second were experienced university students, who performed the task for their ichthyology class. Results were validated against counts obtained from a scientific expert.

All groups produced relatively accurate results in comparison to the expert and all succeeded in detecting patterns and periodicities in fish abundance data. Trained volunteers displayed the highest accuracy and the algorithm the lowest.

As seafloor observatories increase in number around the world, this study demonstrates the value of a hybrid combination of crowdsourcing and computer vision techniques as a tool to help process large volumes of imagery to support basic research and environmental monitoring. Reciprocally, by engaging large numbers of online participants in deep‐sea research, this approach can contribute significantly to ocean literacy and informed citizen input to policy development.
Emon: an R‐package to support the design of marine ecological and environmental studies, surveys and monitoring programmes
Authors: Barry Jon , Maxwell David , Jennings Simon , Walker David , Murray Joanna 
Published: January 2017

Summary

Marine systems and their biota are always changing, in response to environmental and human pressures such as climate variation and change, eutrophication, fisheries exploitation, litter, noise and accidental releases or regular discharges of contaminants, radioactivity and hazardous substances. Studies, surveys and monitoring help to describe and understand system responses to these pressures, and provide evidence to assess the needs for, and effects of, management interventions. Studies, surveys and monitoring are often costly, especially offshore, so small investments in preliminary data collection and systematic planning of these activities can help to make best use of resources and inform trade‐offs between budgets and expectations.

To meet recognised needs for accessible tools to plan some aspects of studies, surveys and monitoring, we developed the R package emon. Emon includes routines for study design through power analysis (assuming independence of observations) and feature detection; which are the focus of this paper.

We hope that access to the functions in emon, many drawing on work which was previously published but without code for implementation, will raise awareness of what marine studies, surveys and monitoring can achieve, thus encouraging cost‐effective, needs‐ and evidence‐based designs.
Alternative models of disorders of traumatic stress based on the new ICD‐11 proposals
Authors: Shevlin M. , Hyland P. , Karatzias T. , Fyvie C. , Roberts N. , Bisson J. I. , Brewin C. R. , Cloitre M. 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveAlthough there is emerging evidence for the factorial validity of the distinction between post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD) proposed in ICD‐11, such evidence has been predominantly based on using selected items from individual scales that describe these factors. We have attempted to address this gap in the literature by testing a range of alternative models of disorders of traumatic stress using a broader range of symptoms and standardized measures.MethodParticipants in this cross‐sectional study were a sample of individuals who were referred for psychological therapy to a National Health Service (NHS) trauma centre in Scotland (N = 195). Participants were recruited over a period of 18 months and completed measures of stressful life events, DSM‐5 PTSD, emotion dysregulation, self‐esteem and interpersonal difficulties.ResultsOverall, results indicate that a structural model incorporating six first‐order factors (re‐experiencing, avoidance of traumatic reminders, sense of threat, affective dysregulation, negative self‐concept and disturbances in relationships) and two second‐order factors (PTSD and disturbances in self‐organization [DSO]) was the best fitting. The model presented with good concurrent validity. Childhood trauma was found to be more strongly associated with DSO than with PTSD.ConclusionOur results are in support of the ICD‐11 proposals for PTSD and CPTSD.
Social media and professionalism: does the profession need to re‐think the parameters of professionalism within social media?
Authors: Holden ACL 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSocial media is no longer a new concept, with social media platforms dominating how many communicate. It would be unrealistic to expect that dentistry would not become involved in the use of social media for professional reasons, as well as professionals using social media platforms privately. Despite it being acceptable for dental professionals to have social media presence, those dental professionals have a framework of professional, ethical and legal obligations to which they must conform when using social media. This article seeks to discuss how unintentionally professionalism may be breached by dental professionals not making a distinction between social media and other facets of professional life. There is need for a discussion about how as a profession, dentistry may perceive the effects of professional interaction with social media on the profession's wider relationship with society and whether current regulatory advice goes far enough to protecting the interests of patients. It is important for the use of social media by dental professionals to fit within the established social contract between the profession and society and failure to observe the terms of this will cause damage to the patient–professional relationship.
Epidemiological study of paediatric germ cell tumours revealed the incidence and distribution that was expected, but a low mortality rate
Authors: Evers Madeline , Rechnitzer Catherine , Graem Niels , Skov Wehner Peder , Schroeder Henrik , Rosthoej Steen , Mosbech Christiane Hammershaimb , Hoei‐Hansen Christina Engel , Sehested Astrid , Treger Taryn D. , Brok Jesper 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAimGerm cell tumours (GCTs) are a rare heterogeneous tumour group derived from primordial germ cells, which can be benign or malignant and occur in the gonads or extragonadally. This study mapped the paediatric GCTs in Denmark from 1984 to 2013 to study the incidence and outcome.MethodsWe identified paediatric GCTs from the Danish Childhood Cancer and National Pathology Registries and reviewed the case records for patient characteristics, tumour characteristics and clinical outcome.ResultsWe identified 403 (71% female) paediatric GCTs and the crude incidence was 1.43 per 100 000. Of these, 79 (20%) were malignant, 39 (10%) were potentially malignant and 285 (70%) were benign. Extragonadal GCTs (39%) were mainly observed in early childhood and were predominately sacrococcygeal teratomas. Gonadal GCTs (61%) in late childhood were most frequently mature teratomas in the ovaries. Nearly all patients underwent surgery. Of the malignant tumours, 62% were treated with chemotherapy. Radiotherapy was only administered to intracranial GCTs. In the cohort, 12 patients died (3%).ConclusionPaediatric GCTs in Denmark were mainly benign and mortality was low, even for malignant tumours. We identified a peak of extragonadal GCTs in early childhood and a peak of gonadal GCTs in late childhood, which was comparable to previous reports.
High‐temperature short‐time pasteurisation of human breastmilk is efficient in retaining protein and reducing the bacterial count
Authors: Klotz Daniel , Joellenbeck Mirjam , Winkler Karl , Kunze Mirjam , Huzly Daniela , Hentschel Roland 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAimMilk banks are advised to use Holder pasteurisation to inactivate the cytomegalovirus, but the process adversely affects the bioactive properties of human breastmilk. This study explored the antibacterial efficacy of an alternative high‐temperature short‐time (HTST) treatment of human breastmilk and its effect on marker proteins, compared with the Holder method.MethodsBreastmilk samples were obtained from 27 mothers with infants in a German neonatal intensive care unit. The samples were either heated to 62°C for five seconds using HTST or processed using Holder pasteurisation, at 63 ± 0.5°C for 30 minutes. Immunoglobulin A, lactoferrin, lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase and bile salt‐stimulated lipase concentrations and bacterial colony‐forming units/mL were measured before and after heating.ResultsHTST‐treated samples retained higher rates of immunoglobulin A (95% versus 83%), alkaline phosphatase (6% versus 0%) and bile salt‐stimulated lipase (0.8% versus 0.4%) than Holder pasteurisation samples (all p < 0.01), but not lactoferrin (32% versus 20%, p = 0.18) and lysozyme (72% versus 65%, p = 1). No difference in antibacterial efficacy was noted between the two groups (p = 0.29).ConclusionUsing the HTST treatment protocol retained some of the bioactive properties of human breastmilk and appeared to have similar antibacterial efficacy to Holder pasteurisation.
Fibrin sealants in soft tissue surgery of the head and neck: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Bajwa M.S. , Tudur‐Smith C. , Shaw R.J. , Schache A.G. 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundFibrin sealants (FS) are commercially available products used in surgical wounds as adjuncts to haemostasis and closure of dead space. The role of FS in soft tissue head and neck surgery has not been established.ObjectivesTo assess whether FS improves wound‐related outcomes in patients undergoing soft tissue surgery of the head and neck anatomical region that would commonly require a drain.Type of reviewSystematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).Search strategyMEDLINE (1946‐2016), EMBASE (1974‐2016), PubMed (2016), CENTRAL (2016), ClinicalTrials.gov (2016), WHO International Clinical Trials Registry and Platform (2016), Research Gate (2016).Evaluation methodTwo independent reviewers screened and selected studies. Included studies were assessed for risk of bias and data extracted using a predetermined data collection form.ResultsOf the 421 studies that were screened, 11 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. There were two RCTs on thyroidectomy, three on “surgery involving neck dissection” (central or lateral), five on rhytidectomy and one on parotidectomy. There was a tendency for FS to reduce “mean total drainage volume” (mean difference −26.86 mL, 95% CI −43.41 to −10.31, I2=97%, P=.001). Subgroup analysis of thyroidectomy (mean difference −36.36 mL, 95% CI −72.82 to 0.10, I2=79%, P=.05), “surgery involving neck dissection” (mean difference −33.21 mL, 95% CI −70.01 to 3.59, I2=94%, P=.08) and rhytidectomy (mean difference −13.79 mL, 95% CI −17.57 to −10.01, I2=0%, P < .00001) concurred with the overall analysis. There was a suggestion that FS may reduce “mean retention time of drains” by 1.24 days (95% CI −3.32 to 0.85, I2=99%, P=.25) and “hospital length of stay” by 2.09 days (95% CI −5.18 to 0.99, I2=97%, P=.18), but this was not statistically significant. There was also a suggestion that FS may protect against adverse events (RR 0.69, 95% CI 0.35 to 1.38, I2=0%, P=.29) and haematoma/seroma formation (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.22 to 1.07, I2=0%, P=0.07).ConclusionsThere was considerable heterogeneity within the RCTs included in this study, thus restricting definitive conclusions. FS has however shown a definite benefit in rhytidectomy and potential benefit in other soft tissue head and neck surgical procedures. Further pragmatic trials are required particularly in the field of lateral neck dissection.
Corticosteroid wean after heart transplantation—Is there a risk for antibody formation?
Authors: Elboudwarej Omeed , Phan Derek , Patel Jignesh K. , Liou Frank , Aintablian Tamar , Osborne Ashley , Yu Zhe , Reinsmoen Nancy , Kobashigawa Jon A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundCorticosteroid withdrawal after heart transplantation is limited to select immune‐privileged patients but it is not known whether this predisposes patients to a higher risk for sensitization.MethodsA total of 178 heart transplant recipients had panel‐reactive antibody (PRA) measurements at transplant and every 6 months and were monitored for rejection with protocol endomyocardial biopsies. Corticosteroid withdrawal was initiated at 6 months post‐transplant in select patients.ResultsPatients successfully weaned off prednisone (SPW; n=103) had lower PRA compared to those maintained on prednisone (MP; n=51) at pretransplant (34% vs 63%), 6 months (18% vs 49%), 12 months (19% vs 51%), and 18 months (15% vs 47%) after transplant (P<.05). Among 68 nonsensitized patients at transplant in the SPW group, seven (10%) developed de novo PRA at 12 months, compared to four of 19 (21%) of MP patients. Freedom from any treated rejection (97% vs 69% vs 67%), acute cellular rejection (100% vs 86% vs 71%), and antibody‐mediated rejection (100% vs 88% vs 88%; all P≤.001) at 2 years was higher in SPW compared to MP and those who failed prednisone wean, respectively.ConclusionFew patients successfully weaned off prednisone after heart transplant develop de novo circulating antibodies but are not at increased risk for developing rejection.