bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voix, temps et aspects dans les périphrases médio-passives -us sum, -us fui
Authors: Dalès Jacques 
Published: January 2016

Il a beaucoup été écrit sur la double forme du parfait passif amatus sum, amatus ful.
Les grammairiens antiques voient dans -us fui un perfectum ulterius.
Nous avons pu voir que -us sum évoque un fait à travers une situation acquise distincte de lui, et que par -us fui, produit historique d'un perfectum et d'un aoriste qui se sont étroitement imbriqués, peut être évoqué un fait non acquis, ex. : Quod nunquam opinatus fui (PL., Amph., 186) de même qu'un résultat « aoristisé », c'est- à-dire courant d'instant en instant vers sa complétude, ex. : legum multitudinem turn earum quae latae sunt, tum vero, quae promulgatae fuerunt (CIC, Sest., 25, 55), où la latio, exprimée par -us sum, est présentée acquise, alors que la promulgatio, exprimée par -us fui, n'évoque pas l'affichage spatial inerte qu'y a vu Madvig qui glose « lex promulgata pependit », mais cet affichage comme la réalisation d'un résultat différé au cours d'une durée imposée par la loi de trois nundines.
Aux origines de Barcino romaine (Barcelone)
Authors: Bonneville Jean-Nöel 
Published: January 2016

L'historiographie de Barcelone antique considère comme un fait acquis le fait que la colonie romaine fondée à l'époque d'Auguste aurait succédé à une première ville romaine, installée sur le flanc sud du Montjuïc, face à un antique port naturel ; cette Barcino vetus serait l'héritière d'une ville ibérique, préalablement descendue du sommet de la montagne.
L'examen des découvertes ibériques interdit cependant toute idée de ville ibérique sur et autour du Montjuïc. Quant à l'hypothétique ville romaine d'époque républicaine, il s'avère qu'elle ne repose sur aucune donnée sérieuse, ni archéologique, ni épigraphique (inscription de C. Coelius, IRB, 51), ni historique : Enfin et surtout, la théorie du déplacement de site urbain est injustifiable d'un point de vue économique, chronologique et juridique. Il faut donc admettre que la fondation (dans la dernière décennie avant le changement d'ère) a volontairement choisi un site très peu habité de toute Antiquité pour profiter de cet avantage même : la colonie a été créée en marge d'importantes concentrations humaines à fort passé ibérique, situées au nord-nord-est des ríos Besós et Ripoll, et à l'ouest de la sierra de Collserola, afin d'occuper un point stratégique et de représenter surtout un modèle de romanisation.
Divvs Caesar imp Domitiani F.
Authors: Desnier J.-L. 
Published: January 2016

De l'union entre Domitien et Domitia, il ne naquit qu'un seul enfant, un fils, en 73 apr. J.-C. Décédé avant le début de l'année 84 apr. J.-C, il fut divinisé et placé au rang du héros Arcturus, fils de Zeus et de Callisto, ainsi qu'en témoigne un aureus de Domitia.
Sa double représentation en bambin, sur un aureus, et en garçonnet, sur un sesterce, s'explique par une visée propagandiste différente dans chacun des cas, et trouve son parallèle exact dans les Epigrammes (IX, 74 et 76) de Martial.
Enfin, bien que non attesté formellement, le nom de l'enfant est peut-être à restituer en : Titus Flavius Caesar, Imp. Domitiani f.
Some Remarks on Aristotle's Concept of Mimesis
Authors: Santoro Liberato 
Published: January 2016

This renewed interpretation of some Aristotelian texts suggests that the Philosopher- in a quite original manner - conceived mimesis : 1) as an activity in itself and as a processual modality, 2) as a specific determination or characteristic of a particular type of techne/poiesis, namely the artist's poiein, 3) as in function of the " objects " it " mimesises ", i.e. physis and praxis which are neither given data nor Platonically transcendent and separate entities.
Mimesis may also mean imitation, copying and miming, in the sense of actually re-presenting or picturing a given state of affairs (Poetica, 1460b 8). But this is not the primary, specific and essential meaning of this concept. Aristotle draws a clear distinction between techne/poiesis and praxis, on the one hand (Etnica Nie, 1 140a 1 ff.), and between techne/poiesis and physis, on the other (Physica, 1 92b 27-32). But although - unlike both physis and praxis - it is a transient and extrinsic activity, technë mimeitai ten phvsin (Phvsica, 194a 22). Physis is the process of self-unfolding from itself to itself {Physica, 192b 10 ff.). It is not a thing nor a complex of things, it is not a static datum nor a fixed object. It is not, therefore, given to be copied and imitated. Techne/poiesis does not imitate nature, in the sense of re-producing and copying its appearances and individual manifestations.
In the light of Physica, 199a 8-19 - where Aristotle reflects on the teleological structure of every activity and on the analogy between techne/poiesis and physis - we suggest that the translation : art imitates nature, is inadequate and misleading. It would be more accurate to understand Physica, 194a 22 in the following terms : art produces by making-as- nature-does.
Furthermore, the opposition drawn between poiësis and historia (Poetica, 1451a 36 ff.) and the places (Poetica, 1451b 27 and 1451a 16 ff, in particular), where Aristotle states that the poet " mimesises " praxeis and mian praxin, make it quite impossible to understand mimesis as copy and imitation. The possible, the probable, the necessary, what could be and what ought to be are not given ! And praxis is not a datum either, but rather an immanent process and activity. They cannot, therefore, be copied and imitated.
Mimesis is a way of bringing to light and of manifesting or pro-ducing man's being.
Aristotle's reflections on the concept of mimesis show, once more, the difference obtaining between his doctrine and that of his great predecessor Plato.
Une lecture socratique du Prométhée d'Eschyle ou : Prométhée, fondateur de la religion
Authors: Méron Évelyne 
Published: January 2016

Reading «Prometheus bound» of Aischylos, there is no basis to the assumptions of modern theorists, representing Prometheus as a symbol of anti-religious revolt.
Prometheus is neither man, nor father or creator of men. He is not Satan either for, being an uncle of Zeus, it is his right to blame the godly tyrarr.
Defensor of men, Prometheus is entitled to our gratefulness. An an almost-Christ mediator, Prometheus imposes a harmonic coexistence upon two races : the divine and superior one, the human and inferior one. This order is of the same nature as the one Socrates claims, in the Gorgias, to be the one that maintains the world.
The understanding between gods and humans, that Prometheus introduces, corresponds to religion's definition in Euthyphron.
Although he seems to forge his own unhappiness in a foolish way, in fact Prometheus cleverly avoids being enrolled in the desastre that Zeus' disorder will inflict on himself, Zeus, and his followers.
After thirty thousand years, Zeus will give in to the need of order, and will reconcile Prometheus. Thirty thousand years of suffering were needed to enable to give Prometheus a tragic meaning, rather than a philosophical one : his beneficial sacrifice remains a sacrifice. Being proud, violent, dangerous, is imitating Zeus's model, not Prometheus's one.
Grandeur et misère de Clytemnestre
Authors: Méron Évelyne 
Published: January 2016

Since Horneros and up to nowadays writers, all condemn Clytaimnestra, murderess of her husband, as a woman at her worst. One tends to refuse any plausible motive to her act, and one explains her deed as being the result of degradating instincts of passion.
Only Aischylos provides dignity and greatness to his heroine. Readers however did not understand this, and doted him, unconsciously, with the contempt of later writers.
In Aischylos' plays, the qualities of Clytaimnestra are unknown to other characters because they are admitted as virile qualities. Being despised, the strong woman is reduced to violence. Tragedy is thus born, when the guilty woman cannot find anyone who will listen to her plea.
According to Agamemnon, the motive of the crime, murder of his daughter by her husband, is a serious motive indeed. But Clytaimnestra cannot speak out, because her defence would create a scandal. To the choir of old men, she can only voice her power.
In the Choephoroi, her son kills her without even listening to her : he doesn't care about individual intentions.
In the Eumenides, two divine powers illustrate the conflict existing between individual, subversive rights of a mother, and rights of a father that are those of family, society, and even of the children. There lies the ambivalence of the guilty justicemaker. Aischylos represented her with respect ; but just as the characters of his plays refused to hear Clytaimnestra, so did his readers and his imitators : they persist in misunderstanding this troublemaker.
Kleine Beiträge zur Altgriechischen Personenkunde
Authors: Habicht Christian 
Published: January 2016

Un nouvel archonte athénien. Une inscription récente de Rhamnonte mentionne un archonte athénien inconnu à ce jour : Asklepides. Les destructions causées par les pirates à la forteresse ont été réparées sous sa magistrature. Il est suggéré de mettre ces événements en relation avec la Troisième guerre mithridatique.
Proxènes athéniens à Kleitor. Dans une longue liste de proxènes de Kleitor, l'ethnique incomplet de la ligne 120 est interprété comme celui d'Athènes. Les dix noms qui suivent sont ceux de citoyens athéniens qu'il faudra ajouter au volume II du Lexicon of Greek Personal Names.
Tiberius Claudius Theon. Une dédicace nouvelle de Messène attire l'attention sur une famille locale qui joue déjà un rôle de premier plan en 214 av. J.-C. et continue à être la famille dominante de la cité encore à la fin de la période antonine. Elle compte en ses rangs des sénateurs romains et un consul.
La composition architecturale du Philoctète de Sophocle
Authors: Irigoin Jean 
Published: January 2016

Une opération simple - dénombrer les trimètres iambiques dans les parties parlées du Philoctète - montre que Sophocle, avant de composer le texte poétique, trace un cadre où se trouve déterminé le nombre des vers de chacun des éléments de la tragédie. A l'intérieur de ces diverses parties, le poète établit des rapports exacts entre les nombres de vers attribués à chaque personnage ou appartenant aux trois formes du dialogue dramatique (dialogue simple, stichomythie, tirade).
Ce type de composition numérique est mis en œuvre dans d'autres tragédies de Sophocle et il apparaît déjà chez Eschyle. Sa conservation fidèle dans les manuscrits byzantins exige que les éditeurs respectent le numerus uersuum de la tradition.
La directive cadre sur l'eau au défi de l'internalisation des effets externes
Authors: Cavagnac Michel , Gouguet Jean-Jacques 
Published: January 2016

La Directive Cadre sur l'Eau (DCE) innove surtout par un important volet économique qui concerne le difficile problème de l'internalisation des effets externes et de la mise en œuvre d'instruments efficaces de la gestion de la ressource. Elle repose sur des fondements analytiques solides autour de deux principes reconnus dans bon nombre de textes internationaux : le principe pollueur payeur et le principe utilisateur payeur (ou principe de récupération des coûts). Ces deux principes sont complémentaires et non pas exclusifs l'un de l'autre et ils ont tous les deux, en théorie, des effets incitatifs reconnus. Les vraies difficultés proviennent des modalités de mise en œuvre de ces deux principes. En particulier, il faut d'une part trouver un accord sur la détermination du niveau des redevances qui va traduire une internalisation plus ou moins complète des coûts et dommages ; il faut repérer d'autre part les passagers clandestins et négocier une répartition plus équilibrée des paiements des redevances entre les acteurs impliqués.
Pour ne pas affronter ces difficultés, les agences françaises de l'eau ont préféré abandonner l'incitativité des taxes pour promouvoir l'incitativité des aides et subventions. Pourtant la théorie économique montre bien comment le gaspillage et la pollution peuvent être combattus de façon efficace par une politique restaurant la vérité des prix.
Le « nouveau monde » des histoires
Authors: Wu Ming 2  , Druon Laurence , Garieri Elisabetta 
Published: January 2016

Les thèses défendues ici par l’un des membres du collectif Wu Ming prennent le contrepied des discours habituels tenus sur le populisme. Raconter des histoires, s’armer des pouvoirs propres du storytelling ne revient pas nécessairement à embobiner les masses dans des bobards : sous certaines conditions, cela peut au contraire aider à la circulation de récits émancipants, qui élèvent l’intelligence de ceux qui les racontent comme de ceux qui les écoutent.
Les agenceurs de peuples
Authors: Bisson Frédéric 
Published: January 2016

Cette nouvelle de politique-fiction imagine un avenir proche où le populisme deviendrait le paradigme du discours politique. Une nouvelle modernité assiste à l’expansion d’une multiplicité de peuples virtuels. Les populismes de droite et de gauche entrent en rivalité : quel est le vrai Peuple ? Mais les peuples n’ont pas besoin de populisme, ils ont besoin d’agencement. Qu’est-ce qu’agencer les peuples virtuels qui déchirent nos vies ?
A Determinantal Inequality Involving Partial Traces
Authors: Lin Minghua 
Published: January 2016

AbstractLet A be a density matrix in . Audenaert [J. Math. Phys. 48(2007) 083507] proved an inequality for Schatten p-norms:where Tr1 and Tr2 stand for the first and second partial trace, respectively. As an analogue of his result, we prove a determinantal inequality
The Dominant Somatostatin Receptor in Neuroendocrine Tumors of North Indian Population
Authors: Krishnani Narendra , Singh Rajneesh K , Shukla Pooja 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) express different types of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) that bind to synthetic analogs with variable affinity. It is important to know the expression profile of SSTRs to predict biological effect of somatostatin analogues. We studied SSTR2 and SSTR5 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) to assess the dominant subtype in NETs and correlate the expression with histological prognostic parameters.

Materials and methods
Fifty-three consecutive cases of NET from all sites were evaluated for SSTR2 and SSTR5 expression by IHC. The expression was correlated with histological features of NETs.

Results
Forty-four cases were resected specimens and 9 were small biopsies. Nine of 53 cases (16.9%) were functional tumors. There were 24 NETs from gastrointestinal tract (GIT), 19 from pancreas and 10 from miscellaneous sites. Overall SSTR expression was seen in 43 NETs (79.2%). Somatostatin receptor 2 was expressed in 30 cases (56.6%) and SSTR5 in 39 cases (73.6%). Somatostatin receptor 2 expression showed near significant negative correlation with tumor grade and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.05). Somatostatin receptor 5 expression showed significant negative correlation with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.008) and tumor size (p = 0.02). Anatomic location and tumor necrosis were not significantly different. Somatostatin receptor 5 was dominant subtype expressed in all NETs with intense expression.

Conclusion
Somatostatin receptor 5 expression was the dominant subtype and expressed in small sized tumors. Somatostatin receptor 2 was expressed more in low grade NETs. Somatostatin analogs can be effective both in functional and nonfunctional NETs and can be useful in both resectable and nonresectable or metastatic tumors.

How to cite this article
Krishnani N, Kumari N, Singh RK, Shukla P. The Dominant Somatostatin Receptor in Neuroendocrine Tumors of North Indian Population. World J Endoc Surg 2015;7(3):60-64.
Deliberative Democracy, Critical Thinking, and the Deliberating Individual: empirical challenges to the reasonability of the citizen
Authors: Ritola Juho 
Published: January 2016

In this essay, I first discuss the conditions set by theorists of democratic deliberation on proper deliberation. These conditions call for reasoned decisions from mutually acceptable premises. Next, I present the ideal of critical thinking that should guide the citizen in this deliberation. I then examine the empirical literature on human reasoning. Some research results in the empirical literature paint a bleak picture of human rationality: we fall victim to heuristics and biases, persevere in our beliefs in the face of contrary evidence, and justify our moral judgments by post hoc-reasoning. In addition, the deliberating groups have problems of their own. The groups may, for example, amplify errors or fall victim to information cascades. Though these epistemically detrimental processes can be overcome, they do present a challenge to our rationality. The essay concludes by arguing that the empirical evidence in fact supports an internalistic approach to group deliberation, a claim challenged by Solomon (2006).
A review of significant pharmacokinetic drug interactions with antidepressants and their management
Authors: Hoffelt Charity , Gross Tonya 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Treatment of depression often requires long-term management with medication. Practitioners should be aware of potentially significant drug interactions with the use of antidepressants in order to effectively prevent or manage adverse events while optimizing patient response to treatment. Most antidepressants are metabolized by the liver, primarily via the CYP450 system. Pharmacokinetic profiles of the most recently approved antidepressants are reviewed in addition to evidence supporting potentially significant interactions. In addition, pharmacokinetic interactions between multiple antidepressants and other drug classes, including opiates, antineoplastics, antiepileptics, and antipsychotics, are discussed. This article provides recommendations for the monitoring and management of drug interactions. In addition, limitations of the evidence are reviewed.
Reduction of Nitroarenes to Aromatic Amines with Sodium Borohydride in the Presence of Selenium and Actived Carbon
Authors: Cai Ke Ying , Zhou Ying Mei 
Published: January 2016

A selenium and actived carbon (AC) catalyst has been applied for the selective reduction of nitroarenes to their corresponding amines respectively using sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as a reducing source un-der mild conditions. Under the optimized conditions, efficient and selective reduction of nitroarenes into the corresponding aromatic amines occurred over a recyclable selenium catalyst. The catalyst can be easily recovered after catalytic reaction and readily reused for 4 cycles with consistent activity hence reduces the cost of the catalyst. Copyright © 2015 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
The Optical Properties and Photo catalytic Activity of ZnS-TiO2/Graphite Under Ultra Violet and Visible Light Radiation
Authors: Rahmawati Fitria , Wulandari Rini , Murni Irvina M. , Moedjijono Moedjijono 
Published: January 2016

This paper discuss research about the optical properties and photo catalytic activity of TiO2 film on graphite substrate and its modification with ZnS. The optical properties investigated are the light response at various light wavelength and the gap energy (Eg). Meanwhile, the photocatalytic activity was studied from isopropanol degradation to determine the Quantum Yield, QY and kinetics of reaction. The results show that the TiO2 layer is consisted of rutile and anatase phases. Meanwhile, the ZnS peaks are at 2θ of 27.91o and 54.58o. The gap energy of TiO2/G consist of two band gap representing the band gap of rutile and anatase. The ZnS deposition shifted the band gap into single gap of 3.40 eV which is in between the gap energy of single TiO2 and single ZnS. The isopropanol degradation with TiO2/G photocatalyst under visible light radiation did not produce any new peaks representing product. Meanwhile, the photocatalytic process under 380 nm light produce new peaks representing the electronic transition of acetone. The isopropanol degradation with ZnS-TiO2/Graphite produced new peaks that indicates the photocataytic activity of ZnS-TiO2/Graphite whether under UV or visible light radiation. The siginificant role of ZnS also proven by the increase of QY values and the increase of rate constant, k. Copyright © 2015 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Synthesis of 4-Methoxybiphenyl Using Pd-Containing Catalysts Based on Polymeric Matrix of Functionalized Hypercrosslinked Polystyrene
Authors: Nikoshvili Linda , Nemygina Nadezhda , Bykov Alexey , Sidorov Alexander , Matveeva Valentina , Tyamina Irina , Sulman Mikhail , Sulman Esther , Stein Barry 
Published: January 2016

This paper describes synthesis of Pd-containing catalysts of Suzuki cross-coupling based on amino-functionalized hypercrosslinked polystyrene. The investigation of the influence of a palladium concen-tration, solvent composition, temperature, type and concentration of base, and a type of a gas phase was carried out. It was shown that the catalyst developed allows achieving conversion of 4-bromoanisole higher than 98% for less than 1 h at mild reaction conditions and in the absence of a phase transfer agent. Catalyst reduction was found to result in formation of small Pd nanoparticles (about 3 nm in diameter) and a large number of Pd clusters, which are highly active in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling (conversion of 4-bromoanisole reached 90.2% for 3 h). Copyright © 2015 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Influence of the Mesoporous Polymer Matrix Nature on the Formation of Catalytically Active Ruthenium Nanoparticles
Authors: Sulman Mikhail , Doluda Valentin , Grigoryev Maksim , Manaenkov Oleg , Filatova Anastasiya , Molchanov Vladimir , Sidorov Alexander , Bykov Alexey , Shkileva Irin , Sulman Aleksandrina , Stein Barry , Matveeva Valentina 
Published: January 2016

This paper reports on ruthenium nanoparticles formation and stabilization by hypercrosslinked poly-styrene and the catalytic properties of the nanocomposites obtained. Hypercrosslinked polystyrene with functional groups and without them was used. The nanocomposites were characterized using low-temperature nitrogen physisorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron mi-croscopy. It is established that the tertiary amine group of the support influences both formation of ru-thenium nanoparticles, and their catalytic properties in the selective hydrogenation of D-glucose. Copyright © 2015 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Experimental Investigation of the Biomass Catalytic Pyrolysis Process to Produce the Combustible Gases with the High Calorific Value
Authors: Kosivtsov Yury , Sulman Esther , Lugovoy Yury , Kosivtsova Anna , Stepacheva Antonina 
Published: January 2016

The study is devoted to the low-temperature catalytic pyrolysis of biomass. The pyrolysis of peat was conducted using natural aluminosilicates and synthetic zeolites. It was found that the pore size of the mineral strongly affects the catalytic activity and provides the processing of the hydrocarbons forma-tion reactions. Bentonite clay was found to be the most effective catalyst for the biomass pyrolysis proc-ess. The use of bentonite clay as an addition to peat allows improving structural (strength, porosity) and sorption characteristics (sorption rate) of the molded compositions and can serve as a catalyst dur-ing its subsequent thermal conversion. The amount of gases obtained using natural aluminosilicate as a catalyst increased by 2 times compared to the non-catalytic process. The calorific value of the prod-ucts obtained was higher due to the light hydrocarbons formation. Copyright © 2015 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).