bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of a Nonlinear Model of Heat Transfer Through a Rectangular Fin: Exact Solutions and Their Multiplicity
Authors: Danish Mohammad , Kumar Shashi , Kumar Surendra 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Exact analytical solutions for the temperature profile and the efficiency of a nonlinear rectangular fin model have been obtained in the forms of well-known algebraic/non-algebraic functions. In the considered nonlinear fin model, the thermal conductivity and the heat transfer coefficient have been assumed to vary as distinct power-law functions of temperature thereby yielding a nonlinear BVP in a 2nd order ODE (ordinary differential equation). These exact solutions have been obtained by employing the derivative substitution method which not only include the solutions of previously studied simplified cases of the same problem but also the solutions of a similar problem of reaction-diffusion process occurring in a porous catalyst slab. These exact solutions have been successfully validated against their numerical counterparts. Besides, effects of various parameters on the obtained solutions have been studied, and the conditions for their existence, uniqueness/multiplicity and stability/instability are analyzed and discussed in detail.
On the number of sum-free sets in a segment of positive integers
Authors: Omelyanov K. G. , Sapozhenko A. A. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A set A of integers is called sum-free if a + b ∉ A for any a, b ∈ A. For an arbitrary Ɛ > 0, let sƐ(n) denote the number of sum-free sets in the segment [(1/4 + Ɛ)n, n]. We prove that for any Ɛ > 0 there exists a constant c = c(Ɛ) such that
sƐ(n) ≤ c2n/2.
This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant 01-01-00266.
On the number of bijunctive functions invariant with respect to a given permutation
Authors: Roldugin P. V. , Tarasov A. V. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The class of Boolean bijunctive functions is one of the Sheffer classes. The main property which makes investigations of bijunctive functions important is the property that the problem of testing the consistency of a system of equations over a Sheffer class of functions is of a polynomial complexity (see, for example, [1-4]). In this paper, we estimate the number of bijunctive functions containing a given permutation in their inertia groups with respect to the symmetric group. In particular, we describe properties and find the number of bijunctive functions invariant with respect to a unicyclic permutation of the variables.
Double exponential law for maximal branching processes
Authors: Lebedev A. V. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
We consider maximal branching processes defined by the recurrence relation

where ⋁ stands for the operation of taking maximum, ξm,n, m ≥ 1, n ≥ 0, are independent with distribution function F on ℤ+.
We prove limit theorems for stationary distributions of the processes{[Zn
(ℕ)} with the distribution functions F(ℕ) (x) = F(ℕ) (x) as ℕ →∞ in the case where F belongs to the domain of attraction of the double exponential law.
This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant 00-01-00131.
The effect of growth regulators on post-harvest Alchemilla mollis (Bauser) Rothm. leaf longevity
Authors: Janowska Beata , Andrzejak Roman , Jakubowska Patrycja , Antkowiak Agnieszka , Nawrot Daria , Krzaczkowska Anna 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Leaves of Alchemilla mollis (Bauser) Rothm. were the subject of the study. The leaves were harvested early in the morning from the department’s ornamental plant collection. Selected leaves were fully-developed and showed no signs of damage or discolouring. Gibberellic acid (GA3), benzyladenine (BA), meta-methoxytopolin (MemT) and its riboside (MemTR) at concentrations of 25, 50 and 75 mg dm−3 were applied in the form of solutions to four-hour leaf-conditioning in the room at a temperature of 18-20°C. After conditioning, the leaves were placed in distilled water. Leaves put into distilled water immediately after cutting served as the control. The post-harvest longevity of leaves of Alchemilla mollis was 7.2-11.8 days. The conditioning of leaves in gibberellic acid solutions at concentrations of 25-50 mg dm−3, benzyladenine at concentrations of 25 mg dm−3 and meta-methoxytopolin and its riboside at concentrations of 75 mg dm−3 extended the post-harvest longevity of leaves by 10.1-81.9%. The conditioning of leaves in gibberellic acid at a concentration of 50 mg dm−3 inhibited the degradation of chlorophyll, as indicated by the highest SPAD index values.
Donald Trump and the Scourge of Populism
Authors: Kenneth White John 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPopulism is a means of speaking to voters, a mode of speech that Michael Kazin once called “the populist persuasion.” During times of economic stress and cultural change, populism often becomes a popular means of communication, and has been used by aspirants for the presidency ranging from William Jennings Bryan to Bernie Sanders and Donald Trump. It is particularly potent when conditions exist that refute historian John Crozier’s description of the American polity as resting on a “gently graded prosperity.” The lack of any “gently graded prosperity” in 2016 fueled the candidacies of Bernie Sanders and Donald Trump. This article focuses on Trump, noting his penchant for action, not adherence to conservative principles or Republican party orthodoxy. The “scourge” Donald Trump’s populism, like his predecessors is that he blames the “other” for the failures of American government and the inability of those who aspire to achieve the American Dream from achieving their goals. This is the scourge of populist candidates who have led their respective parties to ultimate defeat and repudiation. In Trump’s case, blaming Hispanics and immigrants for the country’s problems is a scourge that will take the Republican party years to recover from once the 2016 election is over and the ballots counted.
Ursprung und Ausbreitung der Indogermanen: Alternative Erklärungsmodelle
Authors: Häusler Alexander 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Die Verbreitung der indogermanischen Sprachen wird häufig auf die Ausbreitung der Kultur (Urkultur) einer konkreten Menschengruppe, der Indogermanen, aus einer Urheimat (Primärheimat) zurückgeführt. Nach Ansicht des Autors ist es nicht möglich, eine solche Urkultur zu ermitteln und in Raum und Zeit festzulegen. Die beliebten Migrationshypothesen entfallen aus sachlichen Gründen; ein Erklärungsmodell von B. Schlerath läßt sich archäologisch ebenfalls nicht verifizieren. Auf der Suche nach Alternativmodellen werden die Konzeptionen von W. P. Schmid und J. Udolph, N. S. Trubetzkoy und K. Wiik erörtert. Sie kommen ohne Migrationsmodelle aus und stehen nicht im Widerspruch zu den anthropologischen und archäologischen Befunden. Bei Akzeptanz einer von J. Robb vorgenommenen Computersimulation lassen sich die genannten Vorstellungen (mit Ausnahme der Trubetzkoy-Konzeption) weitgehend miteinander kombinieren. In einem Anhang wird auf einige Hypothesen von Th. Vennemann über die alten Kulturverhältnisse im nördlichen Mitteleuropa und deren sprachlichen Auswirkungen eingegangen.
Evolutionary Algorithm-Based Multi-objective Control Scheme for Food Drying Process
Authors: Manonmani A. , Thyagarajan T. , Sutha S. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Food drying is one of the important methods to prevent microbial growth during preservation. However, it is a complex non-linear process where the quality of the food depends on environmental conditions. Therefore, food drying must be carried out under controlled environment. In this paper, an internal model control (IMC) scheme is developed for pineapple drying using the evolutionary algorithms namely: genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) to achieve the desired quality (single objective). In order to reduce the control effort and hence the cost, without compromising the desired quality, a multi-objective control scheme is also formulated using weighted sum method. The closed loop performance of the control scheme for GA-based IMC-PI controller and PSO-based IMC-PI controller are analyzed for servo and regulatory operations. The results thus obtained are compared both qualitatively and quantitatively. From the simulation results it is observed that PSO-based IMC-PI controller gives better performance and better range of the temperature compared to the other control schemes.
Pilot Project of M-Learning
Authors: Zeman Tomáš , Hrad Jaromír , Nevosad Marek 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The article offers an insight into specific features of mobile e-learning (m-learning) in terms of technical implementation, available platforms and their related problems, and evaluates the practical experience. It also summarizes reasons for introduction of mobile learning and analyzes available options for its technical implementation. Specific example is used to demonstrate practical use of m-learning courses - learning of English language for a defined group of recipients within an international Leonardo da Vinci pilot project “M-Learning for the Young People (Students) at Risk Groups (MLARG)”. Substantial part of the text is dedicated to the analysis of typical functions available in an m-learning system and to the discussion about its advantages, disadvantages and limitations, mainly in relation to the properties and features of conventional e-learning environments. The expected development of m-learning technologies is outlined in the context of modern learning method.
ICT on four Levels of Inquiry-Based Science Education in Environmental Education
Authors: Přinosilová Jana , Mechlová Erika , Kubicová Svatava 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Inquiry in the natural sciences is an often used term. Inquiry-Based Science Education with the support of sophisticated ICT lacking. Inquiry-Based Science Education has clearly defined its four levels, in particular the use of teaching depends on the particular pupils and teachers. This learning strategy can thus rendering the various options and the use of ICT available at the school. The following article's focus is on a selection of specific technologies available and used at a primary school in connection with the different levels of Inquiry-Based Science Education and the extent of its involvement. The paper also describes social elaborated topic of environmental education in the sample worksheet for elementary school pupils.
The Development of Computer Competencies Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Grudzień Jacek 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The paper informs about possibilities how to improve educational process with the help of artificial intelligence. Theoretical part provides an overview of the development of cognitive research on feed-forward neural networks (perceptrons) and teaching support systems. It expresses the preconditions, expected results, concepts, objectives, hypotheses and research methods of the thesis. The practical part describes the construction of a complete teaching system based on the original GLM (Grudzień Learning Module). This module, which contains elements of artificial intelligence, served to achieve the main objective of the experiment and to compare the effects of conventional teaching and individualized instruction based on the proposed methodology. Further part of the paper describes the course of the experiment, pedagogical discussion of results, conclusions and observations. The benefits of the scientific results of the experiment, expandability of the system and subsequent works are mentioned as well.
Is Python an Appropriate Programming Language for Teaching Programming in Secondary Schools?
Authors: Mészárosová Eva 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A variety of programming languages are used to teach fundamentals of programming in secondary schools in Slovakia. Nowadays, we observe a new trend, the Python language gaining ground. In our paper we evaluate the interviews, in which we asked teachers with years of pedagogical experience, what the reasons for selecting a particular programming language where. By analysing the responses we learn about their experience with teaching programming and create a list of the important elements in the selection of the most suitable programming language for secondary school students. We will seek an answer for the question whether the Python programming language is appropriate for all secondary school students.
Bebras Contest for the Blind Analysis of Tasks for the Blind Pupils at Lower Grades of Secondary Education
Authors: Kováčová Natália , Jašková Ľudmila 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The Bebras contest has become an essential part of school informatics in 30 countries all around the world. However, not all pupils can participate, especially some pupils with special educational needs. We have been doing a research in the area of teaching computer science with focus on the blind pupils (Jašková, 2013). We think that also these pupils should develop their informatics skills. Because the Bebras contest offers number of interesting informatics tasks, we have decided to explore the possibilities of making this contest available also for the blind pupils. The tasks used for this category of pupils were adjusted from the original ones suggested for intact pupils. In the article we present some of them with the description of adjustments that were needed to be done in order to make these tasks available for the blind pupils. We also compare the results of both, intact pupils and the blind pupils. Finally we analyse factors that can have an influence on success rate of the blind pupils and we offer some recommendations for making the suitable tasks.
Programming with Motion Sensor Using Lego WeDo at Lower Secondary School
Authors: Veselovská Michaela , Mayerová Karolína 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Educational robotics has become one of the popular and motivational tools of learning for mostly science and technology oriented classes. Its application in teaching specific subject is not very simple. Initiative teachers have encountered many questions, which include the selection and development of specific types of activities that can allow students to extensively utilize the potential of the selected robotic kit. In our research we have been working with educational robotics in informatics at lower secondary school. In this paper we focus on the fifth grade students, which worked with robotic kit LEGO WeDo. We analysed different types of activities, where pupils were programming the robotic model with usage of motion sensor. Our aim was to identify what types of activities the pupils resolved correctly and in what types of activities pupils most often made mistakes. In pursuit of that, we can create a more concise and easier to understand version of tasks to program the robotic model. These activities are part of the curriculum with educational robotics, which we have been developing within our doctoral research. We have been conducting design base research within we chose qualitative methods of data collection and data analysis. Based on data analysis, we found that in most cases pupils solved prepared tasks, in which they worked with programs from the worksheets (modifying the program, explaining the differences between the two programs and completing programs). Pupils mostly made mistakes in explaining a particular program and in creating a certain sequence of commands in program. In the next phase of our research we are going to modify mentioned activities so pupils can better acquire problem solving skills, programming skills and communication and collaboration skills.
Dynamic Geometry Systems in Mathematics Education: Attitudes of Teachers
Authors: Molnár Pavel , Lukáč Stanislav 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
At present, the innovative trends in education are also often associated with the integration of ICT into the teaching process. The relationship between mathematics, teaching and computers are long-standing and complex. The actual practice of mathematics has changed its nature considerably because of the availability of powerful computers, both in the workplace and on researches’ desks. Several software systems are available for mathematics teachers, among which have dynamic geometry systems a significant presence. Although various forms of education for teachers are currently organized and teachers have at their disposal a variety of learning materials and ideas for teaching, it is questionable to what extent these factors are reflected in school practice. The article describes a survey which was aimed to assess the state of the use of dynamic geometry systems in mathematics teaching at elementary and secondary schools and to find out teachers’ views about suitability and possibilities of using it to improve mathematics education. The survey was conducted by questionnaire and subsequently also by interviews with teachers.
Adaptive E-Learning: From Theory to Practice
Authors: Šarmanová Jana , Kostolányová Kateřina 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The theory of adaptive e-learning - the principles of which were published in a monograph (Kostolányová, 2012) - is being developed at the Pedagogical Faculty of the University of Ostrava. However, the verification of the theory in pedagogical practice required much further work, both research and routine. This paper presents the results of several years’ work of researchers, particularly the development of the adaptive LMS, the proposition and implementation of an expert system for the management of the Virtual Teacher, realized pedagogical experiments concerning the system and further development of the theory.
ICT Teachers, Social Network Sites and Online Privacy
Authors: Šimandl Václav 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The article looks at primary and secondary ICT teachers’ attitude to social network sites and privacy protection on the Internet. Attention is devoted to student-teacher friendships within online network sites. The study includes a description of specific habits as well as a discussion of how teachers make decisions and what influences them.
The research has used in-depth semi-structured interviews, focusing on ICT teachers with differing views on the issue in question. Our investigations have been supported by triangulation, which involved accessing information about given teachers on social network sites. Data gained from interviews and triangulation has been processed using open coding.
The results of our investigation show that teachers appreciate SNS because of the possibility to communicate and keep in touch with people they know, including former pupils. Teachers are concerned about the risks associated with using SNS, particularly security and privacy risks, and they feel even more under threat due to their occupation. Some teachers decided not to reject their pupils’ friend requests for educational reasons, claiming SNS serve as a channel of communication to support teaching and learning.
ISIS, Jihad and Indonesian Law: Legal Impacts of the January 2016 Jakarta Terrorist Attacks
Authors: Fenton Adam , Price David 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA terrorist attack in Jalan Thamrin Central Jakarta on 14 January 2016, killed eight people, including the four attackers, and injured over 20 others. While the attack was amateurish and failed to achieve the mass casualties no doubt sought by the planners, it successfully garnered considerable media coverage and galvanised Indonesia’s policy and law makers to act on revisions to the country’s anti-terrorism laws. The paper discusses the attack itself, which reveals aspects of current terrorist strategies, transnational planning, funding and communications, and links to ISIS. It argues that the attack illustrates weaknesses in Indonesia’s treatment of convicted terrorists, notably in sentencing, corrections and rehabilitation. The paper then discusses the role of the media and securitization theory to explain the timing and momentum for law reform. It concludes with a discussion of likely revisions to the terrorism laws, including possible significantly increased police powers and a potential role for the Indonesian military in counter-terrorism operations unprecedented in the post-
Children’s Active Play Imagery and Its Association with Personal and Social Skills and Self-Confidence
Authors: Guerrero Michelle D. , Hoffmann Matt D. , J. Munroe-Chandler Krista 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The purpose of the current study was twofold. The first purpose was to examine the relationship between children’s active play imagery and personal and social skills. The second purpose was to examine the relationship between children’s active play imagery and self-confidence. A total of 105 male and female children (Mage
=9.84, SD=1.41) were recruited from various summer programs, and completed inventories that assessed their active play imagery (i. e., capability, social, and fun), personal and social skills, and self-confidence. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that all three types of active play imagery (social, capability, and fun) were positively and significantly related to personal and social skills, with social imagery accounting for the most variance. Further, regression analysis showed that both fun and capability imagery were positively and significantly associated with self-confidence, with fun imagery accounting for the most variance. This study highlights the usefulness of imagery in fostering children’s personal and social skills as well as self-confidence.
Measurements. Pulse Dispersion Measurements on Concatenated Cabled Optical Fibers at 1.3 μm
Authors: Bjerkan L. 
Published: November 2016

Summary
Time domain measurements of the bandwidth of concatenated cabled optical fibers at 1.3 μm has been carried out on two different cable constructions. Both time domain and frequency domain analysis are presented.
For one cable type containing fibers exhibiting smooth frequency characteristics a concatenation exponent γ = 0.66 was found for a 9.5 km length of concatenated fibers. For the other cable type containing some fibers with irregular frequency characteristics such a fit was not possible for a 24 km length of concatenated fibers but an exponent γ = 0.65 could be fit to the last 14 km. Two splicing procedures were employed on the latter cable type, but no appreciable difference in the results was observed. When the frequency characteristic was regular the 3 dB optical bandwidth of the spliced fiber sections was found to be inversely proportional to therms pulse width broadening.
The bandwidth-pulsewidth product agreed with results obtained for Gaussian pulse shapes for one cable type and hyperbolic secant pulse shapes for the other cable type.
Modal Noise. The Influence of Modal Noise on a Digital 1.3 μm Optical Transmission System
Authors: Koester W. , Strobel O. 
Published: November 2016

Summary
The performance increase of optical transmission systems creates new problems like optical feedback and modal noise. It is very important to overcome these problems especially in systems composed by a lot of single optical elements. In this paper we describe a new method to determine the degree of mode selectivity produced by these devices. A simple model for modal noise description together with experimental results are presented.
Lasers. Characterization of Laser Diodes by Measuring the Speckle Contrast at the End of a Multimode Fiber
Authors: Schmid P. , Stephan W. 
Published: November 2016

Summary
A novel and simple method is described to characterize semiconductor lasers which may produce excessive modal noise in a transmission system. The method is based on an analysis of the speckle contrast at the end of a suitable length of multimode fiber. An optimal length of measuring fiber is calculated and verified experimentally. The qualitative dependence of speckle contrast on fiber length is shown. The measured speckle contrast allows to define an “effective” number of laser spectral lines accounting for the modal noise.