bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retarded saturation of the areal capacitance using 3D-aligned MnO2 thin film nanostructures as a supercapacitor electrode
Authors: Kim Green , Ryu Ilhwan , Yim Sanggyu 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe supercapacitive properties of manganese oxide (MnO2) thin films electrodeposited on three-dimensionally (3D) aligned inverse-opal nickel nanostructures are investigated. Compared to conventional planar or two-dimensionally (2D) aligned nanostructures, 3D-aligned nanostructures can provide considerably increased and controllable contacts between the electrode and electrolyte. As a result, saturation of the areal capacitance with the electrode thickness and associated decrease of the specific capacitance, C
sp
, become much slower than those of the planar and 2D-aligned electrode systems. While, for planar MnO2 electrodes, the C
sp
of a 60-cycle electrodeposited electrode is only the half of the 10-cycle electrodeposited one, the value of the 3D-nanostructured electrode remains unchanged under the same condition. The maximum C
sp
value of 864 F g−1, and C
sp
retention of 87.7% after 5000 cycles of galvanostatic charge-discharge are obtained. The voltammetric response is also improved significantly and the C
sp
measured at 200 mV s−1 retains 71.7% of the value measured at 10 mV s−1. More quantitative analysis on the effect of this 3D-aligned nanostructuring is also performed using a deconvolution of the capacitive elements in the total capacitance of the electrodes.
Chemoprotective effects of butanol fraction of Buchholzia coriacea (Capparidaceae) against type 2 diabetes and oxidative stress in male Wistar rats
Authors: Okolie Amanda C. , Kale Oluwafemi E. , Osilesi Odutola 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Recent studies have shown that Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in rats can result through a synergy that links obesity to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. The present study achieved T2D via high fructose (20%w/v, p.o.), streptozotocin single dose (40 mg/kg, i.p.) (HFSTZ) in rats. Also, chemoprotective potential of butanol fraction of Buchholzia coriacea (BFBC) was demonstrated. Control normal and diabetic untreated (HFSTZ-induced T2D) rats received CM-cellulose (1 mg/kg, p.o.). Diabetic rats received intragastric BFBC (20, 200, 400 mg/kg), glibenclamide (0.07 mg/kg), and BFBC (200 mg/kg) plus glibenclamide treatments, respectively. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide radical, hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, and α-amylase inhibition were assessed. After 2 weeks of treatments, blood glucose levels, lipid profiles, renal and liver function, serum insulin as well as in vivo oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed. BFBC shows highest antioxidants and α-amylase inhibitory activities in vitro. HFSTZ-induced T2D produced hyperglycemia (P&lt;0.05–0.001; F = 5.26–26.47), serum hyperinsulinemia (six-folds) plus elevated lipid peroxidation levels. Similarly, there were altered lipid profiles, liver and renal biomarker enzymes plus weight loss. BFBC administration alone or in combination with glibenclamide reversed T2D symptomatologies in treated animals, and improved body weights against control diabetic rats. In vivo antioxidant activities also improved while histological sections in treated rats show reduced tissue damage in pancreas, kidneys, liver, and heart, respectively. Oleic, stearic, 2-methyl-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic, and n-hexadecanoic acids were present in BFBC in large quantities given GC-MS analysis. Overall, data from the present study suggest chemoprotective potentials of BFBC against HFSTZ-induced T2D rats.
Beyond Sentences: Using the Expression, Reception, and Recall of Narratives Instrument to Assess Communication in School-Aged Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Volden Joanne , Dodd Erin , Engel Kathleen , Smith Isabel M. , Szatmari Peter , Fombonne Eric , Zwaigenbaum Lonnie , Mirenda Pat , Bryson Susan , Roberts Wendy , Vaillancourt Tracy , Waddell Charlotte , Elsabbagh Mayada , Bennett Teresa , Georgiades Stelios , Duku Eric ,   the Pathways in ASD study team
Published: August 2017

Purpose
Impairments in the social use of language are universal in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but few standardized measures evaluate communication skills above the level of individual words or sentences. This study evaluated the Expression, Reception, and Recall of Narrative Instrument (ERRNI; Bishop, 2004) to determine its contribution to assessing language and communicative impairment beyond the sentence level in children with ASD.

Method
A battery of assessments, including measures of cognition, language, pragmatics, severity of autism symptoms, and adaptive functioning, was administered to 74 8- to 9-year-old intellectually able children with ASD.

Results
Average performance on the ERRNI was significantly poorer than on the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fourth Edition (CELF-4). In addition, ERRNI scores reflecting the number and quality of relevant story components included in the participants' narratives were significantly positively related to scores on measures of nonverbal cognitive skill, language, and everyday adaptive communication, and significantly negatively correlated with the severity of affective autism symptoms.

Conclusion
Results suggest that the ERRNI reveals discourse impairments that may not be identified by measures that focus on individual words and sentences. Overall, the ERRNI provides a useful measure of communicative skill beyond the sentence level in school-aged children with ASD.
Glottal Aerodynamic Measures in Women With Phonotraumatic and Nonphonotraumatic Vocal Hyperfunction
Authors: Espinoza Víctor M. , Zañartu Matías , Van Stan Jarrad H. , Mehta Daryush D. , Hillman Robert E. 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of preliminary reports showing that glottal aerodynamic measures can identify pathophysiological phonatory mechanisms for phonotraumatic and nonphonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction, which are each distinctly different from normal vocal function.

Method
Glottal aerodynamic measures (estimates of subglottal air pressure, peak-to-peak airflow, maximum flow declination rate, and open quotient) were obtained noninvasively using a pneumotachograph mask with an intraoral pressure catheter in 16 women with organic vocal fold lesions, 16 women with muscle tension dysphonia, and 2 associated matched control groups with normal voices. Subjects produced /pae/ syllable strings from which glottal airflow was estimated using inverse filtering during /ae/ vowels, and subglottal pressure was estimated during /p/ closures. All measures were normalized for sound pressure level (SPL) and statistically tested for differences between patient and control groups.

Results
All SPL-normalized measures were significantly lower in the phonotraumatic group as compared with measures in its control group. For the nonphonotraumatic group, only SPL-normalized subglottal pressure and open quotient were significantly lower than measures in its control group.

Conclusions
Results of this study confirm previous hypotheses and preliminary results indicating that SPL-normalized estimates of glottal aerodynamic measures can be used to describe the different pathophysiological phonatory mechanisms associated with phonotraumatic and nonphonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction.
Impact of completion of primary biliary procedure on outcome of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic related perforation
Authors: Srivastava S. , Sharma B. , Puri A. , Sachdeva S. , Jain L. , Jindal A. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Background and aims Perforation is one of the worst complications of therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We aimed to study the epidemiology of ERCP related perforation and the impact of completion of intended procedure on the outcome of this complication.
Methods ERCP records from January 2007 to April 2012 were independently evaluated by two investigators for the occurrence of procedure related perforations. A total of 11 500 patients underwent therapeutic ERCP during the study period. The case records of 171 (1.5 %) patients with ERCP related perforations were reviewed to analyze the epidemiology and risk factors associated with poor outcome.
Results Of the 171 patients included in this study, the majority of perforations (n = 129, 75.4 %) were related to use of the needle-knife precut technique. Female gender (1.9 % vs 0.7 %, P < 0.001), age > 40 years (1.7 % vs 1.1 %, P < 0.01), and benign disease (1.7 % vs. 1.1 %, P < 0.01) were risk factors for ERCP related perforation. Most of the perforations (n = 135, 79 %) were detected during the procedure. The majority of patients were managed conservatively (n = 164, 96 %). Although 159 patients recovered, 12 patients (7 %) did not survive. Completion of intended biliary procedure for primary disease was associated with low risk of mortality (2 % vs 15.4 %, P < 0.001).
Conclusions ERCP related perforation is uncommon. The majority of patients can be managed conservatively. The risk of mortality is low and completion of the intended biliary procedure decreases the risk of mortality.
Die Weiterbildungssituation junger Ärztinnen und Ärzte in der Pneumologie: Facharztwahl und Einschätzung karriererelevanter Aspekte vergleichend nach Geschlecht und beruflicher Funktion
Authors: Christians Lucia , Prenzel Regina 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Pneumologie gehört zu den Fächern, die sehr stark unter dem ärztlichen Nachwuchsmangel zu leiden haben. Demgegenüber steht eine fachgebietsübergreifend zunehmend hohe Zahl an weiblichem Nachwuchs, der aufgrund von internalen wie externalen Faktoren in einer erfolgreichen medizinischen Laufbahn blockiert wird.Um jene karrierehinderlichen, aber auch karriereförderliche Faktoren sowie relevante Aspekte der Fachgebietswahl Pneumologie zu erfassen, wurde auf dem 56. Kongress der DGP eine Teilnehmerbefragung mit 358 Pneumologinnen und Pneumologen durchgeführt. Die Befragung erfolgte anhand eines strukturierten Fragebogens mit Fragen zur Mehrfachauswahl, entwickelt basierend auf Studienergebnissen von Buddeberg-Fischer et al. Dabei wurde verglichen, ob Frauen und Männer einerseits und Weiterzubildende und leitende Ärztinnen und Ärzte andererseits in ihren Einschätzungen divergieren.Es zeigten sich dabei einige Hinweise auf einen Generationswandel in der Pneumologie: Weiterzubildende berücksichtigten häufiger eine „gute Vereinbarkeit mit einer eigenen Familie“ bei der Facharztwahl als Ober- und Chefärztinnen bzw. -ärzte. Sie empfanden auch die „Möglichkeit zur Teilzeitarbeit“ häufiger karriereförderlich, wohingegen leitende Ärztinnen und Ärzte den Fokus mehr auf den persönlichen Einsatz legten. Weiterhin scheinen Frauen auch in der Pneumologie eine Doppelbelastung von Familie und Beruf zu erleben. So waren für sie „Elternzeit, Kinder, Familie“ signifikant häufiger ein Hindernis in der eigenen Laufbahn. Anderseits erachteten sie die „Möglichkeit zur Teilzeitarbeit“ und eine proaktive Persönlichkeit häufiger als karriereförderlich. Mehr Präsenz im Studium, flexible Arbeitszeiten und bedarfsgerechtes Mentoring, auch bezogen auf eine gute Kompatibilität von Familie und Beruf, erscheinen gute Strategien zu sein, um das Interesse des Nachwuchses an der Pneumologie zu fördern.
A feasibility study of photoacoustic imaging of ex vivo endoscopic mucosal resection tissues from Barrett’s esophagus patients
Authors: Lim Liang , Streutker Catherine , Marcon Norman , Cirocco Maria , Lao Alexandra , Iakovlev Vladimir , DaCosta Ralph , Wilson Brian 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Accurate endoscopic detection of dysplasia in patients with Barrett’s esophagus (BE) remains a major clinical challenge. The current standard is to take multiple biopsies under endoscopic image guidance, but this leaves the majority of the tissue unsampled, leading to significant risk of missing dysplasia. Furthermore, determining whether there is submucosal invasion is essential for proper staging. Hence, there is a clinical need for a rapid in vivo wide-field imaging method to identify dysplasia in BE, with the capability of imaging beyond the mucosal layer. We conducted an ex vivo feasibility study using photoacoustic imaging (PAI) in patients undergoing endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for known dysplasia. The objective was to characterize the esophageal microvascular pattern, with the long-term goal of performing in vivo endoscopic PAI for dysplasia detection and therapeutic guidance.
Materials and methods EMR tissues were mounted luminal side up. The tissues were scanned over a field of view of 14 mm (width) by 15 mm (depth) at 680, 750, and 850 nm (40 MHz acoustic central frequency). Ultrasound and photoacoustic images were simultaneously acquired. Tissues were then sliced and fixed in formalin for histopathology with hematoxylin and eosin staining. A total of 13 EMR specimens from eight patients were included in the analysis, which consisted of co-registration of the photoacoustic images with corresponding pathologist-classified histological images. We conducted mean difference test of the total hemoglobin distribution between tissue classes.
Results Dysplastic and nondysplastic BE can be distinguished from squamous tissue in 84 % of region-of-interest comparisons (42/50). However, the ability of intrinsic PAI to distinguish dysplasia from NDBE, which is the clinically important challenge, was only about 33 % (10/30).
Conclusion We demonstrated the technical feasibility of this approach. Based on our ex vivo data, changes in total hemoglobin content from intrinsic PAI (i. e. without exogenous contrast) can differentiate BE from squamous esophageal mucosa. However, most likely intrinsic PAI is unable to differentiate dysplastic from nondysplastic BE with adequate sensitivity for clinical translation.
Wie sich Bewegung entwickeln kann
Authors: Eppler Sonja , Brutscher Petra 
Published: August 2017

Zusammenfassung
Taktile Wahrnehmung als Grundlage kindlicher Entwicklungs- und Entfaltungs­möglichkeiten Bei der Bewegungs- und entwicklungsfördernden
Pflege von Früh- und Neugeborenen sind Pflegende und vor allem Eltern wichtige Interaktionspartner. Hierzu wurden in den letzten Jahren
verschiedene Konzepte entwickelt, dazu gehören Kinästhetik Infant Handling, Basale Stimulation® und das NIDCAP®-Konzept. Dabei stellen sich
immer wieder folgende Fragen: Welche Bedeutung hat Bewegung und Entwicklung in der Interaktion mit den Kleinsten? Wann und wie lernen Kinder
sich zu bewegen? Welche Erfahrungen machen sie vor der Geburt? Was verändert sich mit der Geburt? Wie bedeutend sind diese Erfahrungen für
die Entwicklung? Und was sollten Eltern und Pflegende darüber wissen? – Der dritte Teil unserer Reihe über Kinästhetik soll ­einen kleinen
Einblick in die Bewegungsentwicklung geben.
Inklusion ist Teamwork
Authors: Strecker Dirk 
Published: August 2017

Zusammenfassung
Gemeinsamer Schulunterricht mit einem Intensivkind Linn ist schwerstmehrfachbehindert und braucht zudem Intensivpflege. Trotzdem geht
sie in eine Regelschule und nimmt gemeinsam mit gesunden Kindern am Unterricht teil. Möglich wird das durch die Zusammenarbeit aller
Beteiligten – von der Schule über den Pflegedienst und die Pflegefachkräfte bis hin zu Linns Mutter und Vater. Der ist selbst lange in der
Pflegedienstleitung eines ambulanten Kinderkrankenpflegedienstes tätig gewesen. Am Beispiel seiner Tochter berichtet er, wie Inklusion
gelingen kann.
Sommer, Sonne – und was nun?
Authors: Tiedke Barbara E. 
Published: August 2017

Zusammenfassung
Schutz von Kindern mit kardiologischen Erkrankungen Weder Alt noch Jung sollte im Sommer ungeschützt in die Sonne gehen. Denn zu viel
Sonne ist nicht nur gefährlich für die Haut, die Hitze belastet auch Herz und Kreislauf. Das gilt im besonderen Maße für Menschen mit
Herzerkrankungen. Wie sich Kinder mit angeborenen Herzfehlern im Sommer am besten schützen, fasst der folgende Beitrag zusammen.
Effects of Fatigue on Voluntary Electromechanical and Relaxation Electromechanical Delay
Authors: Smith Cory , Housh Terry , Hill Ethan , Keller Joshua , Johnson Glen , Schmidt Richard 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe purposes of the present study were to examine: 1) the effects of fatigue on electromechanical delay from the onsets of the electromyographic signal to force production (EMDE-F), the onsets of the electromyographic to mechanomyographic signals (EMDE-M), the onsets of the mechanomyographic signal to force production (EMDM-F), as well as the cessations of the electromyographic to force production (R-EMDE-F), cessation of the electromyographic to mechanomyographic signals (R-EMDE-M), and cessations of the mechanomyographic signal to force production (R-EMDM-F); and 2) the relative contributions from EMDE-M and EMDM-F to EMDE-F as well as R-EMDE-M and R-EMDM-F to R-EMDE-F from the vastus lateralis in non-fatigued and fatigued states. The values EMDE-F, EMDE-M, EMDM-F, R-EMDE-F, R-EMDE-M and R-EMDM-F were calculated during maximal voluntary isometric contractions, before and after 70% 1-repetition maximum leg extensions to failure. There were significant pretest to posttest increases in EMDE-F (73%;p<0.01), EMDE-M (99%;p<0.01), EMDM-F (60%;p<0.01), R-EMDE-F (101%;p<0.01) and R-EMDM-F (368%;p<0.01), but no significant change in R-EMDE-M (25%;p=0.46). Fatigue-induced increase in EMDE-F indicated excitation-contraction coupling failure (EMDE-M) and increases in the compliance of the series elastic component (EMDM-F). Increases in R-EMDE-F were due to increases in relaxation time for the series elastic component (R-EMDM-F), but not changes in the reversal of excitation-contraction coupling (R-EMDE-M).
Towards an Improved System for Sampling New England Groundfish Using Video Technology
Authors: Stokesbury Kevin D. E. , Cadrin Steven X. , Calabrese Nick , Keiley Emily , Lowery Travis M. , Rothschild Brian J. , DeCelles Gregory R. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
There is considerable controversy regarding abundance estimates of New England groundfish. Federal surveys sample randomly but are restricted to short tow lengths and minimal area covered at high daily expense. Working collaboratively with fishermen, we developed a video system that can be deployed in a commercial trawl net to improve the information on the abundance and distribution of groundfish stocks (focusing on Atlantic Cod Gadus morhua and Yellowtail Flounder Limanda ferruginea) by increasing the amount of sea floor sampled per sea day without killing more fish. Rather than being hauled to the surface for counting, fish are counted as they pass through the net. This results in continuous transect data that can be processed into sampling units, randomized, and used to estimate abundance. High-intensity sampling of important habitats can complement existing multispecies random and stratified random survey designs to reduce uncertainty, presenting a clearer picture of the resource.
Use of Gifu Anaerobic Medium for culturing 32 dominant species of human gut microbes and its evaluation based on short-chain fatty acids fermentation profiles
Authors: Gotoh Aina , Nara Misaki , Sugiyama Yuta , Sakanaka Mikiyasu , Yachi Hiroyuki , Kitakata Aya , Nakagawa Akira , Minami Hiromichi , Okuda Shujiro , Katoh Toshihiko , Katayama Takane , Kurihara Shin 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Recently, a “human gut microbial gene catalogue,” which ranks the dominance of microbe genus/species in human fecal samples, was published. Most of the bacteria ranked in the catalog are currently publicly available; however, the growth media recommended by the distributors vary among species, hampering physiological comparisons among the bacteria. To address this problem, we evaluated Gifu anaerobic medium (GAM) as a standard medium. Forty-four publicly available species of the top 56 species listed in the “human gut microbial gene catalogue” were cultured in GAM, and out of these, 32 (72%) were successfully cultured. Short-chain fatty acids from the bacterial culture supernatants were then quantified, and bacterial metabolic pathways were predicted based on in silico genomic sequence analysis. Our system provides a useful platform for assessing growth properties and analyzing metabolites of dominant human gut bacteria grown in GAM and supplemented with compounds of interest.
Comparing state pension reforms in EU countries before and after 2008
Authors: Grech Aaron George 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMany EU countries have been carrying out substantial state pension reforms since the mid-1990s. This article studies whether the reforms that were carried out in ten EU countries before and after the 2008 financial crisis are different. This is done through an analysis of the different elements of these reforms and also by comparing pension entitlements after each set of reforms. The main conclusion is that the pre-crisis reforms were much stronger and had a more negative impact on women than the post-crisis reforms. It is harder to determine whether this represents a temporary break in the reform process or a permanent change in the orientation of pension reforms in these ten countries.
MAFFT online service: multiple sequence alignment, interactive sequence choice and visualization
Authors: Katoh Kazutaka , Rozewicki John , Yamada Kazunori D 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis article describes several features in the MAFFT online service for multiple sequence alignment (MSA). As a result of recent advances in sequencing technologies, huge numbers of biological sequences are available and the need for MSAs with large numbers of sequences is increasing. To extract biologically relevant information from such data, sophistication of algorithms is necessary but not sufficient. Intuitive and interactive tools for experimental biologists to semiautomatically handle large data are becoming important. We are working on development of MAFFT toward these two directions. Here, we explain (i) the Web interface for recently developed options for large data and (ii) interactive usage to refine sequence data sets and MSAs.
Metagene projection characterizes GEN2.2 and CAL-1 as relevant human plasmacytoid dendritic cell models
Authors: Carmona-Sáez Pedro , Varela Nieves , Luque María José , Toro-Domínguez Daniel , Martorell-Marugan Jordi , Alarcón-Riquelme Marta E , Marañón Concepción 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) play a major role in the regulation of adaptive and innate immunity. Human pDC are difficult to isolate from peripheral blood and do not survive in culture making the study of their biology challenging. Recently, two leukemic counterparts of pDC, CAL-1 and GEN2.2, have been proposed as representative models of human pDC. Nevertheless, their relationship with pDC has been established only by means of particular functional and phenotypic similarities. With the aim of characterizing GEN2.2 and CAL-1 in the context of the main circulating immune cell populations we have performed microarray gene expression profiling of GEN2.2 and carried out an integrated analysis using publicly available gene expression datasets of CAL-1 and the main circulating primary leukocyte lineages.

Results
Our results show that GEN2.2 and CAL-1 share common gene expression programs with primary pDC, clustering apart from the rest of circulating hematopoietic lineages. We have also identified common differentially expressed genes that can be relevant in pDC biology. In addition, we have revealed the common and differential pathways activated in primary pDC and cell lines upon CpG stimulatio.

Availability and implementation
R code and data are available in the supplementary material.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.