bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective and efficient lymphaticovenular anastomosis using preoperative ultrasound detection technique of lymphatic vessels in lower extremity lymphedema
Authors: Hayashi Akitatsu , Hayashi Nobuko , Yoshimatsu Hidehiko , Yamamoto Takumi 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundIdentification of functional lymphatic vessels and localization of lymphatic vessels are important for lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA). Indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography is useful for localization of superficial lymphatic vessels where dermal backflow is not observed, but not for lymphatic vessels in deep layer or where dermal backflow is observed. Ultrasound has been applied in LVA and is considered useful for localization of lymphatic vessels with ICG lymphography cannot be visualized.MethodsFifty‐five secondary lower extremity lymphedema (LEL) patients who underwent LVA were classified into two groups, ultrasound‐detection‐of‐lymphatic group (US group, n = 29) and non‐ultrasound‐detection‐of‐lymphatic group (non‐US group, n = 26), and assessed. Sensitivity and specificity to detect lymphatic vessel were evaluated in US group. Intraoperative findings, required time for dissecting lymphatic vessels and veins, length of skin incision, and postoperative lymphedematous volume reduction were compared between the groups.ResultsLymphatic vessels were detected in all incisions in both groups. LVA resulted in 232 anastomoses in US group and 210 anastomoses in non‐US group. Sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound for detection of lymphatic vessels were 88.2% and 92.7%, respectively. Diameter of lymphatic vessels found in US group was significantly larger than that in non‐US group (0.66 ± 0.18 vs 0.45 ± 0.20 mm; P = 0.042). Time required for dissecting lymphatic vessels and veins in US group was shorter than that in non‐US group (9.2 ± 1.7 vs 14.7 ± 2.4 min; P = 0.026). LEL index reduction was significantly greater in US group than that in non‐US group (26.7 ± 13.6 vs 7.8 ± 11.3; P = 0.031).ConclusionsUltrasound‐guided detection of lymphatic vessels for lymphedema was performed with high precision, and allows easier and more effective LVA surgery.
Organic matter bioavailability in tropical coastal waters: The Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Lønborg Christian , Álvarez–Salgado Xosé Antón , Duggan Samantha , Carreira Cátia 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe bioavailability of organic matter (OM) was assessed at three locations during the dry and wet seasons in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), by measuring changes in particulate organic matter (POM) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentrations during laboratory incubations over 50 d. The sites did not show any difference in salinity and, therefore, observed changes could be related to factors such as disparities in the biological activity and/or the impact of sediment resuspension rather than to location. Our results demonstrate that the POM pool has a higher bioavailability than the DOM pool, with the C, N, and P‐containing compounds being more bioavailable than the C and N‐containing molecules, which in turn are more labile than compounds containing just C. The addition of labile POM to the DOM pool did not impact the bioavailability of DOM, suggesting that priming had no major impact on the degradation of this pool in these experiments. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that 94% and 75% of the bioavailable N and P are contained in the organic fraction delivering enough nutrients to sustain phytoplankton productivity in the GBR. Using the obtained degradation rate constants and an average water residence time of 2 weeks, we show that most bioavailable POM (> 96%) and DOM (> 83%) is degraded before reaching the outer shelf. Our results emphasize that OM is a key and mostly unaccounted part of the C, N, and P cycles in tropical coastal waters of the GBR.
Spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and environmental control factors of biogenic dimethylated sulfur compounds in the East China Sea during spring and autumn
Authors: Jian Shan , Zhang Hong‐Hai , Zhang Jing , Yang Gui‐Peng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBiogenic dimethylated sulfur compounds could take part in the metabolic process of algal cells and are the key compounds in the biological cycle of sulfur in the marine system. In this study, seasonal and spatial variations of biogenic dimethylated sulfur compounds, including dimethylsulfide (DMS), dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), and oceanographic parameters influencing their concentrations were measured in the East China Sea (ECS) during two cruises from 22 October 2015 to 13 November 2015 and from 31 May 2016 to 14 June 2016. Significant spatial variability was observed in seawater dimethylated sulfur compound concentrations with higher concentration in spring. In most cases, concentrations of DMS, particulate DMSP, and particulate DMSO showed significant relationships with the concentration of chlorophyll a under highly variable hydrographic conditions. In spring, bacterial abundance also significantly influenced DMS distribution. Photodegradation experiments showed that enhanced UV radiation could increase DMS photodegradation rate, and low seawater pH could facilitate DMS degradation rate under UVB radiation while it was decreased under UVA radiation. Preliminary estimates for the sea‐to‐air fluxes of DMS in spring showed a 2.3 μmol m−2 d−1 increase over autumn flux. Compared with total DMS emission of the global ocean to atmosphere, the contribution of the ECS to global DMS emissions was not negligible. At Sta. DH6‐1, the contribution of biological consumption to DMS removal (85%) was higher than those of photolysis (10%) and sea‐to‐air exchanges (4%). These findings reveal that biological consumption probably dominates removal of DMS at this station.
Particle Growth during the Polymerization of Olefins on Supported Catalysts. Part 2: Current Experimental Understanding and Modeling Progresses on Particle Fragmentation, Growth, and Morphology Development
Authors: Alizadeh Arash , McKenna Timothy F. L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe morphology of the growing polymer particles is important in olefin polymerisation on supported catalysts. It has a significant impact on the rate of mass and energy transport, and consequently on the polymerisation rate, comonomer incorporation, and the molecular weight distribution. The ability to quantify the evolution of morphology during the polymerisation process à priori would therefore be quite useful. The morphology itself is a direct product of the fragmentation step and concurrent/subsequent expansion of the particle, both caused by the build‐up and dissipation of hydraulic forces due to the accumulation of polymer in the particle. It is influenced by the initial morphology of the support, as well as the reaction conditions and local polymer properties. The single particle models developed to describe the morphology evolution in a growing particle are reviewed here. The main assumptions, abilities, and limitations of the models are evaluated and the issues which face developing a completely predictive model are finally discussed. Despite some very interesting attempts at morphology modelling in recent years, significant progress still needs to be made in order to develop a fully predictive model of the sort.
Anterior colporrhaphy plus inside‐out tension‐free vaginal tape for associated stress urinary incontinence and cystocele: 10‐year follow up results
Authors: Montera Roberto , Miranda Andrea , Plotti Francesco , Terranova Corrado , Luvero Daniela , Capriglione Stella , Scaletta Giuseppe , Zullo Marzio A. , Buscarini Maurizio , Lopez Salvatore , Gatti Alessandra , Schirò Teresa , De Cicco Nardone Carlo , Angioli Roberto 
Published: October 2017

AimsWe report the success rate and complications rate of combined ultralateral anterior Colporrhaphy plus Tension‐free Vaginal Tape (TVT‐O) in a long‐term (10 year) follow‐up prospective survey.MethodsPatients previously treated for associated stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and cystocele were subjected to annual follow‐up for 10 year with a complete urogynecologic evaluation. Furthermore, an urodynamic assessment and a quality of life questionnaire (ICIQ‐UI SF) were recorded at the 5th and 10th year of follow up.ResultsFifty patients treated between June 2004 and May 2006 were included in the analysis. Five patients did not return to 5‐yr follow‐up: two patients developed a median tape erosion and three patients withdraw. At 10‐yr follow‐up two more patients withdraw for a total of seven patients lost to follow‐up. After 10 years patients objectively cured from cystocele were 41 (95%) while patients objectively cured from SUI were 39 (91%). At 10th year follow‐up 38 patients (89%) result cured from both SUI and cystocele, 3 (7%) patients result cured only from prolapse, 1 (2%) patient only from SUI, and 1 (2%) patient result objectively failed for both SUI and cystocele. The ICIQ‐UI SF scores at 10th year follow‐up was 6.2 ± 3.7. The late complication rate at 10th year follow‐up was 32% (OAB symptoms 20%; Mixed incontinence 2%; Bladder outlet obstruction 0%; Dyspareunia 6%; Chronic pelvic pain 0%; Vaginal tape erosion 4%; Detrusor hyperactivity 0%).ConclusionsThe combined procedures shown proved to be an effective and safe procedure to treat concomitant SUI and cystocele.
Proton therapy for pediatric head and neck malignancies
Authors: Vogel Jennifer , Both Stefan , Kirk Maura , Chao Hann‐Hsiang , Bagatell Rochelle , Li Yimei , Womer Richard , Balamuth Naomi , Reilly Anne , Kurtz Goldie , Lustig Robert , Tochner Zelig , Hill‐Kayser Christine 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPurposePediatric head and neck malignancies are managed with intensive multimodality therapy. Proton beam therapy (PBT) may reduce toxicity by limiting exposure of normal tissue to radiation. In this study, we report acute toxicities and early outcomes following PBT for pediatric head and neck malignancies.Materials and methodsBetween 2010 and 2016, pediatric patients with nonhematologic malignancies of the head and neck were treated with PBT. Clinical and dosimetric data were abstracted from the medical record and treatment planning system with institutional review board approval.ResultsSixty‐nine consecutive pediatric patients were treated with proton‐based radiotherapy for head and neck malignancies. Thirty‐five were treated for rhabdomyosarcoma to a median dose of 50.4 Gy relative biological effectiveness [RBE]. Ten patients were treated for Ewing sarcoma to a median dose of 55.8 Gy[RBE]. Twenty‐four patients were treated for other histologies to a median dose of 63.0 Gy[RBE]. Grade 3 oral mucositis, anorexia, and dysphagia were reported to be 4, 22, and 7%, respectively. Actuarial 1‐year freedom from local recurrence was 92% (95% CI 80–97). Actuarial 1‐year overall survival was 93% (95% CI 79–98) in the entire cohort. Oral cavity mucositis was significantly correlated with oral cavity dose (D80 and D50 [P < 0.05], where D80 and D50 are dose to 50% of the volume and dose to 80% of the volume, respectively).ConclusionsIn this study, we report low rates of acute toxicity in a cohort of pediatric patients with head and neck malignancies. PBT appears safe for this patient population, with local control rates similar to historical reports. Longer follow‐up will be required to evaluate late toxicity and long‐term disease control.
Incidence of and Risk Factors for Severe Adverse Events in Elderly Patients Taking Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme Inhibitors or Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers after an Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Fang Gang , Annis Izabela E. , Farley Joel F. , Mahendraratnam Nirosha , Hickson Ryan P. , Stürmer Til , Robinson Jennifer G. 
Published: October 2017

Study ObjectiveTo assess the incidence of and risk factors associated with severe adverse events in elderly patients who used angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI).DesignRetrospective cohort study.Data SourcesCenters for Medicare & Medicaid Services Chronic Conditions Data Warehouse (Medicare service claims database), American Community Survey of the U.S. Census Bureau, and Multum Lexicon Drug database.PatientsA total of 101,588 eligible Medicare fee‐for‐service beneficiaries 66 years or older, who were hospitalized for AMI between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2009, and used ACEIs or ARBs within 30 days after discharge.Measurements and Main ResultsPrimary outcomes were hospitalizations for acute renal failure (ARF) and hyperkalemia. The secondary outcome was discontinuation or suspension of ACEI/ARB therapy after a visit to a health care provider. The primary risk factors of interest were age, sex, race/ethnicity, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Cumulative incidence curves and multivariable Fine‐Gray proportional hazards models with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used with death as a competing risk in both intention‐to‐treat (ITT) and as‐treated (AT) analyses. In the study cohort, 2.8% experienced ARF, 0.5% experienced hyperkalemia, and 63.7% discontinued ACEI/ARB therapy within 1 year after hospital discharge. Approximately half of the incidence of ARF and hyperkalemia occurred within 6 months after hospital discharge, but the cumulative incidence increased after 6 months. Patients older than 85 years had a higher rate of ARF (ITT hazard ratio [HR] 1.15, 95% CI 1.04–1.28) and hyperkalemia (ITT HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.05–1.68) compared with those aged 65–74 years. Patients with baseline CKD had higher rates of ARF (ITT HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.42–1.82), hyperkalemia (ITT HR 1.41, 95% CI 1.11–1.77), and ACEI/ARB therapy discontinuation or suspension (ITT HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02–1.09).ConclusionWe found a low incidence of ARF and hyperkalemia in elderly patients treated with ACEIs or ARBs after AMI hospitalization. However, a high rate of treatment discontinuation might prevent a higher rate of occurrence of these events. Long‐term careful monitoring of severe adverse events and timely discontinuation of ACEIs or ARBs among elderly patients with advancing age and CKD after an AMI is warranted in clinical practice.
Nitric oxide for the treatment of preterm infants with severe RDS and pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Dani Carlo , Corsini Iuri , Cangemi Jessica , Vangi Venturella , Pratesi Simone 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundInhaled nitric oxide (iNO) cannot be recommended for the routine treatment of respiratory failure in premature neonates, but it has been suggested that the effectiveness of iNO therapy should be further studied in more select preterm infants, such as those with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN).ObjectiveTo evaluate the frequency of PPHN in very preterm infants with severe respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), to assess the effectiveness of iNO in these patients, and to individuate possible predictive factors for the response to iNO in preterm infants with RDS.Study DesignWe retrospectively studied infants <30 weeks of gestational age or birth weight <1250 g, who were affected by severe RDS and treated with iNO during the first week of life. Clinical characteristics of infants with or without echocardiographic diagnosis of PPHN were compared, as well as those of responder or no responder to iNO therapy. Effectiveness of iNO was evaluated by recording changes of MAP, FiO2, SpO2/FiO2 ratio, and oxygenation index (OI) before, and 3 ± 1, 6 ± 1, 12 ± 3, 24 ± 6, 48 ± 6, and 72 ± 12 h after beginning therapy.ResultsWe studied 42 (4.6%) infants, of whom 28 (67%) had PPHN and 14 (33%) did not. iNO therapy was associated with improved oxygenation in both the groups but it was quicker in the PPHN than in the no PPHN group. Multivariate analysis showed that FiO2 >0.65, diagnosis of PPHN, and birth weight >750 g independently predicts effectiveness of iNO in very preterm infants with RDS.ConclusionWe found that PPHN is a frequent complication of severe RDS in very preterm infants and iNO therapy can improve their oxygenation earlier than in infants without PPHN. iNO therapy is not recommended for the routinely treatment of RDS in premature neonates but in cases of concurrent diagnosis of PPHN it should be considered carefully.
Intersection of Proteomics and Genomics to “Solve the Unsolved” in Rare Disorders such as Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases
Authors: Roos Andreas , Thompson Rachel , Horvath Rita , Lochmüller Hanns , Sickmann Albert 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDespite recent rapid advances in sequencing technologies, a significant proportion of patients with rare genetic disorders do not receive a genetic diagnosis after exhaustive testing, and even fewer have a potential therapeutic target identified. Taking rare neuromuscular and neurodegenerative disorders as a paradigm that can be extended to other rare Mendelian disorders, this viewpoint explores the opportunities that are brought about by the integration of genomics and proteomics, as well as the limitations and remaining challenges of this newly emerging field of proteogenomics. The relevance of combining proteomic findings with genetic results for diagnosis and gene discovery is illustrated, highlighting the insights the combined analysis provides into the underlying biology and aetiology as well as the limitations of the experimental techniques. A final discussion focuses on the importance of mechanisms to enable the sharing, reuse, and analysis of source experimental data and describes some of the international initiatives that are making progress in this area.
Geometric Isomerism of an Acetamidino Derivative Determined by NMR Investigations
Authors: Linciano Pasquale , Ammazzalorso Alessandra , De Filippis Barbara , Fantacuzzi Marialuigia , Giampietro Letizia , Maccallini Cristina , Amoroso Rosa 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAmidines, the nitrogen analogues of carboxylic acids, show interesting roles as pharmacophore groups in biologically active agents and in compounds of pharmaceutical interest. In the last years, our research group disclosed inhibitors of inducible and neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS and nNOS, respectively) containing the amidino moiety, with the aim to extend the study of the possible ligand‐enzyme interactions. Here we discuss the synthesis and spectral studies of acetamidino derivative N‐(2‐(pyrrolidin‐1‐yl)ethyl)acetimidamidinium bromide, and how these studies led us to identification of a E/Z configurational change, which could be helpful in elucidating the ligand‐enzyme interactions.
One‐pot Synthesis of Quinoxaline Chalcones from Commercially Available Calcium Carbide Through Palladium‐Catalyzed Coupling Reactions
Authors: Soozani Atena , Keivanloo Ali , Bakherad Mohammad 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNew (E)‐3‐(2‐aminoquinoxalin‐3‐yl)‐1‐arylprop‐2‐en‐1‐ones are prepared through the multi‐component reaction of 3‐substituted‐2‐chloroqunoxalines, calcium carbide, and aromatic aldehydes in the presence of diethylamine, catalyzed by Pd/Cu in acetonitrile. This synthetic strategy presents an acetylene molecule linking the quinoxaline scaffold to an aldehyde moiety for construction of quinoxaline chalcone by two carbon‐carbon bond coupling reactions. This one‐pot process provides an efficient and direct method for the synthesis of new quinoxaline chalcones from the low‐cost calcium carbide with good yields. A number of synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro anti‐bacterial activity against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria using a well‐diffusion method.
“Design and Synthesis of 3D‐Ordered Mesoporous Co3O4 Nanostructures for Their Improved Supercapacitance and Photocatalytic Activity”
Authors: Sheikh Mehraj U. D. , Pandit Umar J. , Naikoo Gowhar A. , Thomas Molly , Bano Mustri , Ahirwar Devendra , Khan Farid 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe synthesized Co3O4 and Co3O4@Au‐NPs nano structures via simple and economical strategy for high‐performance supercapacitors. Co3O4@Au‐NPs modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited excellent electrochemical performance including high specific capacitance of 683 Fg−1(current density of 0.5 Ag−1), better retention capability of 65% at high current density (10 Ag−1) with remarkable cycling stability in 1000 continuous cycles at 0.5 Ag−1 current density (only 6% loss after 1000 cycles) and high energy and power densities (94.86 Whkg−1 and 3.48 kWkg−1). The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized mesoporous structures against Methylene Blue dye was also carried out and compared with the standard P25. The study showed that the presence of gold nanoparticles has increased the photocatalytic activity of synthesized porous Co3O4 to many folds. From the results it is believed that the addition of gold nanoparticles (Au‐NPs) has largely increased the supercapacitor and photocatalytic activity of Co3O4.
Large‐Scale Fabrication of Core–Shell Structured C/SnO2 Hollow Spheres as Anode Materials with Improved Lithium Storage Performance
Authors: Cheng Yong , Li Qian , Wang Chunli , Sun Lianshan , Yi Zheng , Wang Limin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDue to the high theoretical capacity as high as 1494 mAh g−1, SnO2 is considered as a potential anode material for high‐capacity lithium–ion batteries (LIBs). Therefore, the simple but effective method focused on fabrication of SnO2 is imperative. To meet this, a facile and efficient strategy to fabricate core–shell structured C/SnO2 hollow spheres by a solvothermal method is reported. Herein, the solid and hollow structure as well as the carbon content can be controlled. Very importantly, high‐yield C/SnO2 spheres can be produced by this method, which suggest potential business applications in LIBs field. Owing to the dual buffer effect of the carbon layer and hollow structures, the core–shell structured C/SnO2 hollow spheres deliver a high reversible discharge capacity of 1007 mAh g−1 at a current density of 100 mA g−1 after 300 cycles and a superior discharge capacity of 915 mAh g−1 at 500 mA g−1 after 500 cycles. Even at a high current density of 1 and 2 A g−1, the core–shell structured C/SnO2 hollow spheres electrode still exhibits excellent discharge capacity in the long life cycles. Consideration of the superior performance and high yield, the core–shell structured C/SnO2 hollow spheres are of great interest for the next‐generation LIBs.
Piezo‐Phototronic Matrix via a Nanowire Array
Authors: Zhang Yang , Zhai Junyi , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPiezoelectric semiconductors, such as ZnO and GaN, demonstrate multiproperty coupling effects toward various aspects of mechanical, electrical, and optical excitation. In particular, the three‐way coupling among semiconducting, photoexcitation, and piezoelectric characteristics in wurtzite‐structured semiconductors is established as a new field, which was first coined as piezo‐phototronics by Wang in 2010. The piezo‐phototronic effect can controllably modulate the charge‐carrier generation, separation, transport, and/or recombination in optical‐electronic processes by modifying the band structure at the metal–semiconductor or semiconductor–semiconductor heterojunction/interface. Here, the progress made in using the piezo‐phototronic effect for enhancing photodetectors, pressure sensors, light‐emitting diodes, and solar cells is reviewed. In comparison with previous works on a single piezoelectric semiconducting nanowire, piezo‐phototronic nanodevices built using nanowire arrays provide a promising platform for fabricating integrated optoelectronics with the realization of high‐spatial‐resolution imaging and fast responsivity.