bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theta and Alpha Oscillation Impairments in Autistic Spectrum Disorder Reflect Working Memory Deficit
Authors: Larrain-Valenzuela Josefina , Zamorano Francisco , Soto-Icaza Patricia , Carrasco Ximena , Herrera Claudia , Daiber Francisca , Aboitiz Francisco , Billeke Pablo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA dysfunction in the excitatory–inhibitory (E/I) coordination in neuronal assembly has been proposed as a possible neurobiological mechanism of Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, the potential impact of this mechanism in cognitive performance is not fully explored. Since the main consequence of E/I dysfunction is an impairment in oscillatory activity and its underlying cognitive computations, we assessed the electroencephalographic activity of ASD and typically developing (TD) subjects during a working-memory task. We found that ASD subjects committed more errors than TD subjects. Moreover, TD subjects demonstrated a parametric modulation in the power of alpha and theta band while ASD subjects did not demonstrate significant modulations. The preceding leads to significant differences between the groups in both the alpha power placed on the occipital cortex and the theta power placed on the left premotor and the right prefrontal cortex. The impaired theta modulation correlated with autistic symptoms. The results indicated that ASD may present an alteration in the recruitment of the oscillatory activity during working-memory, and this alteration could be related to the physiopathology of the disorder.
Contact guidance persists under myosin inhibition due to the local alignment of adhesions and individual protrusions
Authors: Kubow Kristopher E. , Shuklis Victoria D. , Sales Dominic J. , Horwitz A. Rick 
Published: October 2017

AbstractContact guidance—cell polarization by anisotropic substrate features—is integral to numerous physiological processes; however the complexities of its regulation are only beginning to be discovered. In particular, cells polarize to anisotropic features under non-muscle myosin II (MII) inhibition, despite MII ordinarily being essential for polarized cell migration. Here, we investigate the ability of cells to sense and respond to fiber alignment in the absence of MII activity. We find that contact guidance is determined at the level of individual protrusions, which are individually guided by local fiber orientation, independent of MII. Protrusion stability and persistence are functions of adhesion lifetime, which depends on fiber orientation. Under MII inhibition, adhesion lifetime no longer depends on fiber orientation; however the ability of protrusions to form closely spaced adhesions sequentially without having to skip over gaps in adhesive area, biases protrusion formation along fibers. The co-alignment of multiple protrusions polarizes the entire cell; if the fibers are not aligned, contact guidance of individual protrusions still occurs, but does not produce overall cell polarization. These results describe how aligned features polarize a cell independently of MII and demonstrate how cellular contact guidance is built on the local alignment of adhesions and individual protrusions.
Palm vitamin E reduces locomotor dysfunction and morphological changes induced by spinal cord injury and protects against oxidative damage
Authors: Zadeh-Ardabili Parastoo Mojtahed , Rad Sima Kianpour , Rad Soheila Kianpour , Khazaài Huzwah , Sanusi Junedah , Zadeh Musa-al-Reza Haji 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) occurs following different types of crushes. External and internal outcomes of SCI are including paralysis, cavity, and cyst formation. Effects of dietary derived antioxidants, such as palm vitamin E on central nervous system (CNS) encourage researchers to focus on the potential therapeutic benefits of antioxidant supplements. In the present study, experiments were carried out to evaluate the neuro-protective effect of the palm vitamin E on locomotor function and morphological damages induced SCI. Seventy-two male rats (Sprague-Dawley) were randomly divided into four groups: sham (laminectomy); control (supplemented with the palm vitamin E at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day); untreated-SCI (partial crush, 30–33% for 20 sec); treated-SCI (partial crush, 30–33% for 20 sec supplemented with the palm vitamin E at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day). The treatment with the palm vitamin E significantly improved the hind limb locomotor function, reduced the histopathological changes and the morphological damage in the spinal cord. Also, the palm vitamin E indicated a statistically significant decrease in the oxidative damage indicators, malondialdehyde (MDA) level and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in the treated-SCI compared to the untreated-SCI.
Tailoring Optical Forces Behavior in Nano-optomechanical Devices Immersed in Fluid Media
Authors: Rodrigues Janderson R. , Almeida Vilson R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEmerging nano-optofluidic devices have allowed a synergetic relation between photonic integrated circuits and microfluidics, allowing manipulation and transport at the realm of nanoscale science. Simultaneously, optical gradient forces have allowed highly precise control of mechanical motion in nano-optomechanical devices. In this report, we show that the repulsive optical forces of the antisymmetric eigenmodes in an optomechanical device, based on a slot-waveguide structure, increases as the refraction index of the fluid medium increases. This effect provides a feasible way to tailor the repulsive optical forces when these nano-optomechanical devices are immersed in dielectric liquids. Furthermore, the total control of the attractive and repulsive optical forces inside liquids may be applied to design novel nanophotonic devices, containing both microfluidic and nanomechanical functionalities, which may find useful applications in several areas, such as biomedical sensors, manipulators and sorters, amongst others.
Genomic features, phylogenetic relationships, and comparative genomics of Elizabethkingia anophelis strain EM361-97 isolated in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Jiun-Nong , Lai Chung-Hsu , Yang Chih-Hui , Huang Yi-Han , Lin Hsi-Hsun 
Published: October 2017

AbstractElizabethkingia anophelis has become an emerging infection in humans. Recent research has shown that previous reports of E. meningoseptica infections might in fact be caused by E. anophelis. We aimed to investigate the genomic features, phylogenetic relationships, and comparative genomics of this emerging pathogen. Elizabethkingia anophelis strain EM361-97 was isolated from the blood of a cancer patient in Taiwan. The total length of the draft genome was 4,084,052 bp. The whole-genome analysis identified the presence of a number of antibiotic resistance genes, which corresponded with the antibiotic susceptibility phenotype of this strain. Based on the average nucleotide identity, the phylogenetic analysis revealed that E. anophelis EM361-97 was a sister group to E. anophelis FMS-007, which was isolated from a patient with T-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in China. Knowledge of the genomic characteristics and comparative genomics of E. anophelis will provide researchers and clinicians with important information to understand this emerging microorganism.
Wearable woven supercapacitor fabrics with high energy density and load-bearing capability
Authors: Shen Caiwei , Xie Yingxi , Zhu Bingquan , Sanghadasa Mohan , Tang Yong , Lin Liwei 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFlexible power sources with load bearing capability are attractive for modern wearable electronics. Here, free-standing supercapacitor fabrics that can store high electrical energy and sustain large mechanical loads are directly woven to be compatible with flexible systems. The prototype with reduced package weight/volume provides an impressive energy density of 2.58 mWh g−1or 3.6 mWh cm−3, high tensile strength of over 1000 MPa, and bearable pressure of over 100 MPa. The nanoporous thread electrodes are prepared by the activation of commercial carbon fibers to have three-orders of magnitude increase in the specific surface area and 86% retention of the original strength. The novel device configuration woven by solid electrolyte-coated threads shows excellent flexibility and stability during repeated mechanical bending tests. A supercapacitor watchstrap is used to power a liquid crystal display as an example of load-bearing power sources with various form-factor designs for wearable electronics.
Shockwaves Inhibit Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Association with Adenosine and A2B Receptors
Authors: Tan Lei , Zhao Bin , Ge Fu-Tao , Sun Da-Hui , Yu Tiecheng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractExtracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) has emerged as the important choice for the treatment of many orthopedic disorders. Our previous mechanistic studies suggest that ESWT promoted osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) through mechanisms that involve adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) release. In this study, we investigated the effect of ESWT on chondrogenesis of hMSCs. We demonstrate that ESWT treatment caused a significant release of adenosine from hMSCs; ESWT treatment increased the levels of A2B receptor (A2BR) in hMSCs under 3-D culture conditions. ESWT, exogenous adenosine and specialized A2BR agonist suppressed hMSC chondrogenic differentiation through downregulating the expressions of aggrecan (ACAN), Collagen Type I alpha 2(COL1A2), Collagen Type II alpha 1(COL2A1), Sex-Determining Region YBox 9 (SOX9) and Sex-Determining Region YBox 6 (SOX6). Selective A2BR antagonists induced chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs. This study indicated that shockwave therapy inhibits hMSC chondrogenic differentiation through or partially through regulation of adenosine release and activation of A2B receptor under 3-D culture conditions.
Small non-coding RNA transcriptome of the NCI-60 cell line panel
Authors: Marshall Erin A. , Sage Adam P. , Ng Kevin W. , Martinez Victor D. , Firmino Natalie S. , Bennewith Kevin L. , Lam Wan L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractOnly 3% of the transcribed human genome is translated into protein, and small non-coding RNAs from these untranslated regions have demonstrated critical roles in transcriptional and translational regulation of proteins. Here, we provide a resource that will facilitate cell line selection for gene expression studies involving sncRNAs in cancer research. As the most accessible and tractable models of tumours, cancer cell lines are widely used to study cancer development and progression. The NCI-60 panel of 59 cancer cell lines was curated to provide common models for drug screening in 9 tissue types; however, its prominence has extended to use in gene regulation, xenograft models, and beyond. Here, we present the complete small non-coding RNA (sncRNA) transcriptomes of these 59 cancer cell lines. Additionally, we examine the abundance and unique sequences of annotated microRNAs (miRNAs), PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), and reveal novel unannotated microRNA sequences.
Tongue- and Jaw-Specific Contributions to Acoustic Vowel Contrast Changes in the Diphthong /ai/ in Response to Slow, Loud, and Clear Speech
Authors: Mefferd Antje S. 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
This study sought to determine decoupled tongue and jaw displacement changes and their specific contributions to acoustic vowel contrast changes during slow, loud, and clear speech.

Method
Twenty typical talkers repeated “see a kite again” 5 times in 4 speech conditions (typical, slow, loud, clear). Speech kinematics were recorded using 3-dimensional electromagnetic articulography. Tongue composite displacement, decoupled tongue displacement, and jaw displacement during /ai/, as well as the distance between /a/ and /i/ in the F1–F2 vowel space, were examined during the diphthong /ai/ in “kite.”

Results
Displacements significantly increased during all 3 speech modifications. However, jaw displacements increased significantly more during clear speech than during loud and slow speech, whereas decoupled tongue displacements increased significantly more during slow speech than during clear and loud speech. In addition, decoupled tongue displacements increased significantly more during clear speech than during loud speech. Increases in acoustic vowel contrast tended to be larger during slow speech than during clear speech and were predominantly tongue-driven, whereas those during clear speech were fairly equally accounted for by changes in decoupled tongue and jaw displacements. Increases in acoustic vowel contrast during loud speech were smallest and were predominantly tongue-driven, particularly in men.

Conclusions
Findings suggest that task-specific patterns of decoupled tongue and jaw displacement change and task-specific patterns of decoupled tongue and jaw contributions to vowel acoustic change across these speech modifications. Clinical implications are discussed.
Rechtliche und wirtschaftliche Aspekte von telemedizinischen
Assistenzsystemen
Authors: Piwowarczyk vel Dabrowski M. 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungAufgrund hoher Sicherheitsanforderungen unterliegen Medizinprodukte und vor allem
telemedizinische Assistenzsysteme besonders großen Regulierungsauflagen. Um ein
telemedizinisches Assistenzsystem auf dem Markt zu etablieren, müssen diese gesetzlichen
Anforderungen bei der Entwicklung berücksichtigt werden. Ein gründliches
Anforderungsmanagement wirkt sich kostensenkend auf den Entwicklungsprozess aus, da auf
diese Weise häufig kostspielige, nachträgliche Anpassungen vermieden werden. Außerdem
ergibt sich für die Nutzer und Betreiber ein erhöhtes Sicherheits- und Schutzniveau für
die zugelassenen Lösungen. In diesem Beitrag werden die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen dargestellt, die erfüllt werden
müssen, um telemedizinische Assistenzsysteme in den deutschen Gesundheitsmarkt einführen
zu können. Ebenso werden die entsprechenden Vergütungsmöglichkeiten aufgezeigt, um diese
Systeme kostendeckend zu betreiben.
Tele-Assist – Ergebnisse der Machbarkeitsstudie eines telemedizinischen Versorgungsangebotes
für die kardiologische und orthopädische Rehabilitation in der Klinik Roderbirken und der
Aggertalklinik
Authors: Mayer-Berger W. , Gatscher M. , Hekler J. , Kavelaars B. , Jakob S. , Simic D. , Stock S. 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungSowohl in der Orthopädie wie in der Kardiologie ist die Sekundärprävention nach der Rehabilitation
unzureichend. Durch die stetige Verbreitung von mobilen, internet-basierten, multimedialen Diensten wird
immer deutlicher, dass für eine personenzentrierte und wirksame Nachsorge neue mediale Möglichkeiten
effektiv genutzt werden können. Internetbasierte Anwendungen wie E-Mail, asynchrones E-Learning oder Chat
gewinnen hierbei zunehmend an Bedeutung.Dieser Beitrag stellt die Ergebnisse des Projektes Tele-Assist vor. Basierend auf nationalen und
internationalen Leitlinien der Orthopädie und Kardiologie wurde in dem Projekt Tele-Assist auf Basis des
MeineReha®-Systems ein digital integriertes und interaktives Therapieprogramm für die
Rehabilitation entwickelt und auf seine Umsetzbarkeit in zwei Kliniken überprüft.Abschließend werden die
Evaluationsergebnisse hinsichtlich Akzeptanz, Motivation und Patientensicherheit angeführt.
DigiTrain – Entwicklung und Evaluation eines digitalen Trainingsprogramms zur
Rehabilitationsnachsorge bei chronischen Rückenschmerzen
Authors: Tiemann M. , Michels H. , Gedwien A. , Cordes M. , Clemens U. , Pisula D. 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungRückenschmerzen gehören zu den häufigsten Beschwerden in der deutschen Bevölkerung und
stellen ein großes gesundheitliches wie gesundheitsökonomisches Problem dar. Die in der
Rehabilitation von chronischen Rückenschmerzen erzielten Erfolge können nur nachhaltig
gesichert werden, wenn die körperlich-sportlichen Aktivitäten im Alltag der Patienten
regelmäßig und dauerhaft weitergeführt werden. Deshalb wurde das multimediale
Trainingsprogramm „DigiTrain“ entwickelt. Das Programm soll durch einen interaktiven
Trainer (Avatar) die weitergehende individuelle Betreuung und Begleitung (Coaching) des
Patienten über den stationären Aufenthalt hinaus sicherstellen.In dem Beitrag werden die Zielgruppe sowie die Inhalte und die Struktur des Programms
„DigiTrain“ dargestellt. Ebenso wird ein Einblick in die technische Umsetzung und
Produktion des Programms gegeben, bevor abschließend das Studiendesign für die
wissenschaftliche Evaluation von DigiTrain vorgestellt wird.
Surveillance colonoscopy in Austria: Are we following the guidelines?
Authors: Gessl Irina , Waldmann Elisabeth , Britto-Arias Martha , Penz Daniela , Pablik Eleonore , Trauner Michael , Ferlitsch Monika 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Background and study aim The European guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis contain postpolypectomy surveillance recommendations. They recommend follow-up intervals depending on the findings at index colonoscopy, and divide patients into a low-, intermediate- or high-risk group. The aim of this study was to assess the adherence of Austrian endoscopists to the European guidelines and to determine whether sending a reminder letter resulted in better adherence.
Methods A single reminder letter containing the guidelines was sent to all endoscopists who participated in the Certificate of Quality for Screening Colonoscopy program in Austria. Adherence was assessed before and after the letter had been sent. Factors associated with adherence were investigated.
Results We found poor baseline adherence to the guidelines. After the reminder letter, the adherence slightly improved in the low-risk group, but did not change in the intermediate-risk or high-risk groups. An adenoma detection rate of at least 20 % was associated with higher adherence rates. Generally, internists and hospitals showed better adherence compared with surgeons and private practices, respectively, both before and after the reminder letter.
Conclusion A single reminder letter was not enough to improve the poor adherence to the European postpolypectomy surveillance guidelines. Thus, future studies are required to identify and eliminate all factors responsible for nonadherence to postpolypectomy guidelines in order to reach the goal of a safe, effective, and cost-effective colorectal cancer prevention tool in the near future.
Do adjuvants add to the efficacy and tolerance of bowel preparations? A meta-analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Restellini Sophie , Kherad Omar , Menard Charles , Martel Myriam , Barkun Alan 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Recommendations on adjuvant use with bowel preparations remain disparate. We performed a meta-analysis determining the clinical impact of adding an adjuvant to polyethylene glycol (PEG), sodium phosphate, picosulfate (PICO), or oral sulfate solutions (OSS)-based regimens.
Methods Systematic searches were made of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, CENTRAL and ISI Web of knowledge for randomized trials from January 1980 to April 2016 that assessed preparations with or without adjuvants, given in split and non-split dosing, and PEG high- (> 3 L) or low-dose (≤ 2 L) regimens. Bowel cleansing efficacy was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included patient willingness to repeat the procedure, and polyp and adenoma detection rates.
Results Of 3093 citations, 77 trials fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Overall, addition of an adjuvant compared with no adjuvant, irrespective of the type of preparation and mode of administration, yielded improvements in bowel cleanliness (odds ratio [OR] 1.23 [1.01 – 1.51]) without greater willingness to repeat (OR 1.40 [0.91 – 2.15]). Adjuvants combined with high-dose PEG significantly improved colon cleansing (OR 1.96 [1.32 – 2.94]). The odds for achieving adequate preparation with low-dose PEG with an adjuvant were not different to high-dose PEG alone (OR 0.95 [0.73 – 1.22]), but yielded improved tolerance (OR 3.22 [1.85 – 5.55]). However, split high-dose PEG yielded superior cleanliness to low-dose PEG with adjuvants (OR 2.53 [1.25 – 5.13]). No differences were noted for OSS and PICO comparisons, or for any products regarding polyp or adenoma detection rates.
Conclusions Critical heterogeneity precludes firm conclusion on the impact of adjuvants with existing bowel preparations. Additional research is required to better characterize the methods of administration and resulting roles of adjuvants in an era of split-dosing.
Unanswered Questions in the Genetic Basis of Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Scholl Ute 
Published: October 2017

AbstractOver the past six years, the genetic basis of a significant fraction of primary aldosteronism (PA) cases has been solved. Breakthrough discoveries include the role of somatic variants in the KCNJ5, CACNA1D, ATP1A1, and ATP2B3 genes as causes of aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs), and the recognition of three novel hyperaldosteronism syndromes with germline variants in the KCNJ5, CACNA1D, and CACNA1H genes. The description of somatic variants in CACNA1D and ATP1A1 in aldosterone-producing cell clusters (APCCs) suggests that these clusters are precursors of some aldosterone-producing adenomas. Yet, a number of questions remain unanswered. These include the genetic basis of about 40% of APAs without somatic variants in known genes. Do technical issues explain this finding, or are the unexplained APAs due to somatic copy number variation or rare variants in thus-far undiscovered genes? Similarly, the role of CTNNB1 (beta catenin) variants in APA pathogenesis is still unclear. The major question to be solved is the genetic basis of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (BAH). Is BAH due to the bilateral occurrence of APCCs, to germline variants, or perhaps due to unknown serum factors? Lastly, the etiology of unsolved cases of apparently familial hyperaldosteronism remains to be discovered. It is expected that genetic studies over the next few years will lead to answers to at least some of the questions raised.
Biological conservation law as an emerging functionality in dynamical neuronal networks
Authors: Podobnik Boris , Jusup Marko , Tiganj Zoran , Wang Wen-Xu , Buldú Javier M. , Stanley H. Eugene 
Published: October 2017

Significance
Living complex systems create functionalities by pairing up complementary processes, one to build and another to correct and clean the space for more building. When these processes are embedded into mutually exclusive phases, establishing a balance between them requires a phase flipping mechanism. For a simple neuronal network composed of neurons and synapses, we demonstrate that flipping between excited and resting phases gives rise to a statistical conservation law of synaptic strength. Furthermore, this law is selected by evolution regardless of the network’s initial state, thus reconciling biology with the physical concept of self-organized criticality.
Species richness accelerates marine ecosystem restoration in the Coral Triangle
Authors: Williams Susan L. , Ambo-Rappe Rohani , Sur Christine , Abbott Jessica M. , Limbong Steven R. 
Published: October 2017

SignificanceThe exceptional diversity of species in the coral reefs, seagrass meadows, and mangrove forests of the Coral Triangle and the many ecological functions and benefits to humans they provide have made them a high priority for conservation and fisheries management. Nevertheless, their degradation continues and calls for effective restoration. In an experimental restoration, we demonstrated that planting mixtures of diverse seagrass species improves their overall survival and growth and thus the trajectory toward successful restoration. Incorporating species diversity into restoration heralds a shift in practice from establishing a single founder species, and recognizes the widely documented positive effects that biodiversity has on ecosystem function and services. Biodiversity is often a restoration goal, but it also promises a means to improve success.