bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The nursing legacy of the Korea Sisters
Authors: Lockertsen Jan‐Thore , Fause Åshild 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimDuring the Korean War (1950–1953), the Norwegian government sent a Mobile Army Surgical Hospital (MASH) to support the efforts of the United Nations (UN) Army. During the war, 111 Norwegian nurses served in seven contingents, each 6 month, at the Norwegian Field Hospital in Korea. The nurses were nicknamed “The Korea Sisters”. The aim of this study is to explore the impact and influence of their wartime nursing on Norwegian post‐Korean‐War nursing.DesignQualitative.MethodsThe study uses several historical research approaches. Interview, archival search, search in nursing periodicals, contemporary magazines and nursing text books.ResultThe nursing legacy of The Korea Sisters can be found in changes in general nursing, uniform education of theatre nurses, uniform education of anaesthetist nurses and in humanitarian work.
Community partnership for healthy sleep: Research protocol
Authors: Redeker Nancy S. , Ordway Monica R. , Banasiak Nancy , Caldwell Barbara , Canapari Craig , Crowley Angela , Fenick Ada , Jeon Sangchoon , O'Connell Meghan , Sude Leslie , Sadler Lois S. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTBeginning early in life, sleep health, including adequate quality, quantity, and consistent sleep routines, is critical to growth and development, behavior, and mental and physical health. Children who live in economically stressed urban environments are at particular risk for sleep deficiency and its negative consequences. Although efficacious sleep health interventions are available, few address the context of economically stressed urban environments. The purpose of this paper is to describe a two‐phase protocol for an ongoing NIH/NINR‐funded community‐engaged study designed to understand the perspectives of parents, community child care and pediatric health care providers about sleep habits, factors that contribute to sleep and sleep habits, sleep difficulty, and potentially useful sleep promotion strategies among children living in economically stressed urban environments. The social‐ecological model guides this study. Phase I employs a convergent mixed‐methods design, in which we are conducting semi‐structured interviews with parents, childcare providers, and primary health care providers. We are collecting 9 days of objective sleep data (wrist actigraphy) from children who are 6–18 months (n = 15) and 19–36 months of age (n = 15) and parent reports of sleep and sleep‐related factors using standard questionnaires. In Phase I, we will use a qualitative descriptive approach to analyze the interview data, and descriptive statistics to analyze the survey and actigraph data. In Phase II, we will use the information to develop a contextually relevant program to promote sleep health. Our long‐term goal is to improve sleep health and sleep‐related outcomes in these children.
Plasma Amino Acids During 8 Weeks of Overfeeding: Relation to Diet Body Composition and Fat Cell Size in the PROOF Study
Authors: Bray George A. , Redman Leanne M. , de Jonge Lilian , Rood Jennifer , Sutton Elizabeth F. , Smith Steven R. 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveDifferent amounts of dietary protein during overfeeding produced similar fat gain but different amounts of gain in fat‐free body mass. Protein and energy intake may have differential effects on amino acids during overfeeding.MethodsTwenty‐three healthy adult men and women were overfed by 40% for 8 weeks with 5%, 15%, or 25% protein diets. Plasma amino acids were measured by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry at baseline and week 8. Body composition was measured by dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry, fat cell size (FCS) from subcutaneous fat biopsies, and insulin resistance by euglycemic‐hyperinsulinemic clamp.ResultsThe following three amino acid patterns were seen: increasing concentration of five essential and three nonessential amino acids with increasing protein intake, higher levels of six nonessential amino acids with the low‐protein diet, and a pattern that was flat or “V” shaped. Dietary fat and protein were both correlated with changes in valine, leucine/isoleucine/norleucine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine, but energy intake was not. The change in fat mass and weight was related to the change in several amino acids. Baseline FCS and the interaction between glucose disposal and FCS were associated with changes in several amino acids during overfeeding.ConclusionsOverfeeding dietary protein affects the levels of both essential and nonessential amino acids.
Examining Two Prevailing Models of Loss of Control Eating Among Community‐Based Girls
Authors: Goldschmidt Andrea B. , Lavender Jason M. , Hipwell Alison E. , Stepp Stephanie D. , Keenan Kate 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveCognitive‐behavioral and interpersonal models of loss of control (LOC) eating have been underexplored in adolescents.MethodsBy using data from community‐based adolescent girls assessed annually over 4 years, the cognitive‐behavioral (n = 416) and interpersonal (n = 418) models were examined by using a regression‐based bootstrapping approach.ResultsBody dissatisfaction at 14 years prospectively predicted LOC eating at 18 years, both directly (direct effect = −0.039; SE = 0.017; P = 0.02) and indirectly via dieting (indirect effect = −0.010; 95% CI: −0.022 to −0.003). Interpersonal functioning at 14 years was negatively associated with negative emotionality at 17 years, which, in turn, was prospectively associated with LOC eating at 18 years (indirect effect = 0.001; 95% CI: −0.001 to −0.0003); however, the direct association between age 14 interpersonal functioning and age 18 LOC eating was not significant (direct effect = −0.001; SE = 0.001; P = 0.47).ConclusionsThese findings support the cognitive‐behavioral model, and partially support the interpersonal model, with the latter findings implying that over time, negative emotionality may promote LOC eating independent of the effects of prior social functioning. Prevention and early intervention efforts for LOC eating may benefit from integrating these theoretical frameworks.
Rapid Monitoring of Pharmacological Volatiles of Night‐Flowering Evening‐Primrose According to Flower Opening or Closing by Fast Gas Chromatography/Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor (Electronic zNose)
Authors: Oh Se Yeon 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIntroductionAroma is important in night‐flowering species, as visually they can not be observed well. Thus, the analysis of the volatiles of evening‐primrose is of great interest in biological fields and therapy. Furthermore, the analysis of volatiles demands rapid and simple procedure, because volatiles decompose.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to show the rapid monitoring of the volatiles of evening‐primrose according to the flowering or closing by fast gas chromatography/surface acoustic wave GC/SAW. Moreover, calibration according to the sensor temperature of the GC/SAW was performed, achieving a high reproducibility and excellent sensitivity.MethodologyGC/SAW is an effective analytical method that provides on‐line measurements without pretreatment of sample. Headspace solid‐phase micro‐extraction coupled to gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS‐SPME‐GC–MS) and dynamic headspace trapping and extraction with GC–MS were employed to confirm the identification of the volatiles of evening‐primrose compared to GC/SAW.ResultsLinalool was found to be the dominant component, comprising 96.4–25.2% of the total amount, according to the opening or closing. Interestingly, the amount of indole also varied according to the opening or closing (3.0–0.0%) such as linalool. Also, while the sensitivity increased with the reduction in the sensor temperature of the GC/SAW, the reproducibility showed a tendency to decrease.ConclusionThe results showed that flower opening is related to the volatiles emission, which is pharmacological and plant defensive. GC/SAW can be a useful analytical method for the rapid monitoring of volatiles of evening‐primrose according to the opening or closing as it provides second unit analysis, as well as simple, and aroma pattern recognition. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trends in opioid utilisation in Australia, 2006‐2015: Insights from multiple metrics
Authors: Karanges Emily A. , Buckley Nicholas A. , Brett Jonathan , Blanch Bianca , Litchfield Melisa , Degenhardt Louisa , Pearson Sallie‐Anne 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPurposePopulation‐based observational studies have documented global increases in opioid analgesic use. Many studies have used a single population‐adjusted metric (number of dispensings, defined daily doses [DDDs], or oral morphine equivalents [OMEs]). We combine these volume‐based metrics with a measure of the number of persons dispensed opioids to gain insights into Australian trends in prescribed opioid use.MethodsWe obtained records of prescribed opioid dispensings (2006‐2015) subsidised under Australia's Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. We used dispensing claims to quantify annual changes in use according to 3 volume‐based metrics: DDD/1000 pop/day, OME/1000 pop/day, and dispensings/1000 pop. We estimated the number of persons dispensed at least one opioid in a given year (persons)/1000 pop using data from a 10% random sample of Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme‐eligible Australians.ResultsTotal opioid use increased according to all metrics, especially OME/1000 pop/day (51% increase) and dispensings/1000 pop (44%). Weaker opioid use remained stable or declined; strong opioid use increased. The rate of persons accessing weaker opioids only decreased 31%, and there was a 238% increase in persons dispensed only strong opioids. Strong opioid use also increased according to dispensings/1000 pop (140%), OME/1000 pop/day (80%), and DDD/1000 pop/day (71% increase).ConclusionsOur results suggest that the increases in total opioid use between 2006 and 2015 were predominantly driven by a growing number of people treated with strong opioids at lower medicine strengths/doses. This method can be used with or without person‐level data to provide insights into factors driving changes in medicine use over time.
Optically transparent aromatic poly(ester imide)s with low coefficients of thermal expansion. 2: Effect of the introduction of alkyl‐substituted p‐biphenylene units
Authors: Hasegawa Masatoshi , Hirai Tomoki , Ishigami Tomohiro , Takahashi Shinya , Ishii Junichi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA series of ester‐linked tetracarboxylic dianhydrides (TA‐X) were synthesized from trimellitic anhydride chloride and 4,4′‐biphenol analogs containing different numbers and positions of methyl substituents. Aromatic poly(ester imide)s (PEsIs) were polymerized from TA‐Xs and 2,2′‐bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine to investigate the film properties systematically. A significant substituent effect on the target properties (Tg, optical transparency, the linear coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and ductility) was observed. A PEsI containing 2,2′,3,3′,5,5′‐hexamethyl‐substituted p‐biphenylene units was chemically imidized in a homogeneous state. It was highly soluble at room temperature, even in less hygroscopic non‐amide solvents such as cyclopentanone (CPN), and provided a stable CPN solution with a high solid content. The CPN‐cast PEsI film was almost colorless as suggested from the rather low yellowness index (3.2), high light transmittance at 400 nm (71.5%) and very low haze (1.15%). This PEsI film also had a high Tg (294 °C, determined by thermomechanical analysis) in addition to a low CTE (21.7 ppm K−1), moderate film ductility and very low water uptake. A structural modification of the PEsI by copolymerization with a tetracarboxylic dianhydride with a rigid/linear structure was effective in further reducing the CTE while maintaining the other excellent target properties. Thus, some of the PEsIs developed in this work are promising candidates as novel plastic substrates for use in image display devices. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Investigating the theoretical structure of the DAS‐II core battery at school age using Bayesian structural equation modeling
Authors: Dombrowski Stefan C. , Golay Philippe , McGill Ryan J. , Canivez Gary L. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBayesian structural equation modeling (BSEM) was used to investigate the latent structure of the Differential Ability Scales—Second Edition core battery using the standardization sample normative data for ages 7–17. Results revealed plausibility of a three‐factor model, consistent with publisher theory, expressed as either a higher‐order (HO) or a bifactor (BF) model. The results also revealed an alternative structure with the best model fit, a two‐factor BF model with Matrices (MA) and Sequential and Quantitative Reasoning (SQ) loading on g only with no respective group factor loading. This was only the second study to use BSEM to investigate the structure of a commercial ability test and the first to use a large normative sample and the specification of both approximate zero cross‐loadings and correlated residual terms. It is believed that the results produced from the current study will advance the field's understanding of not only the factor structure of the DAS‐II core battery but also the potential utility of BSEM in psychometric investigations of intelligence test structures.
Examining learning rates in the evaluation of academic interventions that target reading fluency
Authors: Solomon Benjamin G. , Poncy Brian C. , Caravello Devin J. , Schweiger Emily M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe purpose of the current study is to determine whether single‐case intervention studies targeting reading fluency, ranked by traditional outcome metrics (i.e., effect sizes derived from phase differences), were discrepant with rankings based on instructional efficiency, including growth per session and minutes of instruction. Converging with prior findings, we found great variability in reported sessions and minutes of instruction across studies, as well as divergences in rankings based on outcome variables. These findings raise questions as to how literature syntheses on the topic of academic intervention are interpreted and how selection of evidence‐based intervention occurs.
Cancer Associated Fibroblasts: The Architects of Stroma Remodeling
Authors: Santi Alice , Kugeratski Fernanda G. , Zanivan Sara 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFibroblasts have exceptional phenotypic plasticity and capability to secrete vast amount of soluble factors, extracellular matrix components and extracellular vesicles. While in physiological conditions this makes fibroblasts master regulators of tissue homeostasis and healing of injured tissues, in solid tumors cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) co‐evolve with the disease, and alter the biochemical and physical structure of the tumor microenvironment, as well as the behavior of the surrounding stromal and cancer cells. Thus CAFs are fundamental regulators of tumor progression and influence response to therapeutic treatments. Increasing efforts are devoted to better understand the biology of CAFs to bring insights to develop complementary strategies to target this cell type in cancer. Here we highlight components of the tumor microenvironment that play key roles in cancer progression and invasion, and provide an extensive overview of past and emerging understanding of CAF biology as well as the contribution that MS‐based proteomics has made to this field.
D2O‐catalyzed proton transfer selectivity of 4 different NH protons in the same molecule
Authors: Núñez Oswaldo 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWhen N‐benzyl‐N′‐methylacetamidinium hydrochloride (pKa=11.8) is dissolved in D2O/DCl(1 M), an equilibrium of 2 54:46 stereoisomers in an ~2:1 =(R)Nδ+H(D) D/H ratio is formed. Therefore, 2 R =N‐benzyl (E and Z) and 2 R =N‐methyl (E and Z) groups attached to the corresponding H(D) (Z and E) for a total of 8 1H‐NMR signals are observed. Consequently, their rates of H and D transfer to D2O can be measured by means of the 1H‐NMR broadness (line shape) of the =(R)Nδ+H doublets and =(R)Nδ+D broad singlets. Acidity selectivity is observed for both processes. In fact, the relative proton and deuterium transfer rates follow the acidity order: =(PhCH2)Nδ+‐H(E) > =(PhCH2)Nδ+‐H(Z) > =(Me)Nδ+‐H(E) > =(Me)Nδ+‐H(Z). Proton transfer rates are in the range of 8 to 0.5 s‐1 with α = .92. This tendency is independently supported by the observed experimental chemical shift deuterium isotopic perturbation. The rate‐limiting step for proton exchange is the breaking of the hydrogen bond due to the fast amidine reprotonation (~1011 s). =(R)Nδ+D/=(R)Nδ+H equilibration is reached at ~80 s, and it can be measured by the relative =(R)Nδ+H versus =(R)Nδ+D signal integrations. The equilibrium of the 4 =(R)Nδ+H(D) centers is shifted toward deuterium, but they are further shifted in the more basic centers. Equilibrium is completely shifted toward D in the 4 centers when OD− contributes with the exchange process at pD > 3.
Low cost bifunctional initiators for bidirectional living cationic polymerization of olefins. II. hyperbranched styrene–isobutylene–styrene triblocks with superior combination of properties
Authors: Nugay Nihan , Nugay Turgut , Deodhar Tejal , Keszler Balazs L. , Kennedy Joseph P. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTBoth bifunctional initiators, the new low cost bBCB‐diCl [4,9‐dichloro,2,4,7,9‐tetramethyl‐tricyclo[6.2.0.036]deca‐1(8),2,6‐triene] and the universally used “hindered” HDCCl [1‐(tert‐butyl)‐3,5‐bis(2‐chloropropan‐2‐yl)benzene] induce the living bidirectional block copolymerization of isobutylene (IB) followed by styrene (St), and produce PSt‐b‐PIB‐b‐PSt (SIBS) triblocks. We discovered that the molecular weights of triblocks kept significantly increasing long after St conversion reached completion during syntheses. Results were explained by the formation of blends consisting of the expected linear SIBS plus hyperbranched SIBS, HB(SIBS)n. The structure of high molecular weight (>106 g/mol) HB(SIBS)n was characterized by various techniques, and key properties of SIBS/HB(SIBS)n blends were investigated. The mechanism of HB(SIBS)n formation and the synthesis of SIBS/HB(SIBS)n blends was elucidated. The properties of SIBS/HB(SIBS)n blends are superior to those of SIBS. Thus, whereas SIBS exhibits ∼25 MPa tensile strength and ∼450% elongation, SIBS/HB(SIBS)n blends exhibit 25–27 MPa tensile strength and >400% elongation; deformation under constant load of SIBS is ∼12%, whereas that of SIBS/HB(SIBS)n is <1%; permanent set of SIBS is 1.3% whereas that of SIBS/HB(SIBS)n is <0.5%. SIBS/HB(SIBS)n blends also exhibit higher yield, yield strength, and toughness than SIBS. The microstructure/property relationship of HB(SIBS)n is discussed and the reasons for enhanced properties of SIBS/HB(SIBS)n blends are analyzed. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 705–713
Synthesis and characterization of poly(ethylene oxide)/polylactide/polylysine tri‐arm star copolymers for gene delivery
Authors: Wu Tianyuan , Cai Yu , Zhao Xia , Ngai Chai K. , Chu Benjamin , Hsiao Benjamin , Hadjiargyrou Michael , Grubbs Robert B. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTAmphiphilic cationic poly(ethylene oxide)‐S(polylysine)‐poly(d,l‐lactide) (mPEO‐S(CKn)‐PLA) tri‐arm star copolymers were synthesized by a combination of ring opening polymerization (ROP) and a thiol–disulfide exchange. The mPEO‐S(CKn)‐PLA copolymers were found to be non‐cytotoxic and could effectively condense GFP plasmid DNA into nanometer‐sized complexes, as characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), suitable for endocytotic cellular uptake. In vitro DNA transfection studies showed that the amphiphilic structure is capable of DNA transfection and GFP expression. Addition of chloroquine into the medium further enhanced the DNA transfection efficiency. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 635–644
Psychophysical well‐being profiles in patients before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Kroemeke Aleksandra , Kwissa‐Gajewska Zuzanna , Sobczyk‐Kruszelnicka Małgorzata 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe literature offers very few in‐depth reports on the time directly before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Also, researchers have focused on selected aspects of psychophysical well‐being and treated the sample as homogeneous. Thus, we chose to investigate distinct multidimensional well‐being profiles (including anxiety, depressive symptoms, and health‐related quality of life [HRQOL] domains) among patients just before HSCT, as well as profile predictors (generalized self‐efficacy) and outcomes (transplant appraisal) on the basis of the transactional stress model.MethodsDepression (CES‐D), anxiety (HADS‐A), HRQOL (EORTC QOL‐C30), generalized self‐efficacy (GSES), and transplant appraisal (single‐item scale referred to threat and challenge) were measured in 290 patients (56.9% male; mean age = 47.28, SD = 13.79) after admission for HSCT (67.2% autologous). Unconditional and conditional latent profile analyses were applied.ResultsFour latent well‐being profiles were identified: well‐functioning (51%, highest well‐being in all aspects), dysfunctional (10%, weakest functioning in all aspects), and 2 profiles with moderate HRQOL and high (5.6%) or low (33.4%) anxiety and depressive symptoms. Generalized self‐efficacy predicted profile membership, controlling for demographic and clinical variables. The highest levels were observed in the well‐functioning group (P < .01). Appraisal was predicted by latent profile analyses classes: low threat in the well‐functioning group (P < .001) and the highest threat and challenge in the dysfunctional group (P < .01).ConclusionsThe findings highlight the diverse nature of well‐being in pre‐HSCT patients and the manner in which transplant appraisal and generalized self‐efficacy are related to different profiles of pre‐HSCT multidimensional well‐being, thus indicating the practical implications of the study.
Psychiatric comorbidities among ovarian cancer survivors in South Korea: A nationwide population‐based, longitudinal study
Authors: Heo Jaesung , Chun Mison , Oh Young‐Taek , Noh O. Kyu , Kim Logyoung 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this time‐dependent study was to analyze the prevalence of mental disorders in ovarian cancer survivors using claims data in South Korea.Materials and methodsWe confirmed mental disorders in a nationwide cohort of 9763 patients who were diagnosed with ovarian cancer between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2014. We categorized the prevalence of mental disorders based on the age and the time of diagnosis.ResultsA total of 821 ovarian cancer patients were diagnosed with a mental disorder, 1 year prior to the cancer diagnosis. Of those patients, 311 were diagnosed with depression (37.9%) and 245 with anxiety (29.8%) during their first visit. The overall frequency of mental disorders peaked within 2 months after the cancer diagnosis. The highest rate of increase after diagnosis was noted in stress reaction/adjustment disorders. While depression was relatively high (40.4%) in the younger age group under 60 years, anxiety was higher (39.4%) in the elderly group over 60 years old. Age was a significant predictive factor for mental disorders (P = 0.002), and patients over 50 years were at a higher risk for mental disorders (hazard ratio: 1.29, P = 0.002).ConclusionMental disorders in ovarian cancer survivors showed different patterns of prevalence depending on age at the time of diagnosis and the nature of disease. Timely diagnosis and intervention for psychological distress could increase the quality of life for ovarian cancer survivors.