bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plant growth promotion and suppression of charcoal‐rot fungus (Macrophomina phaseolina) in velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens L.) by root nodule bacteria
Authors: Aeron Abhinav , Maheshwari Dinesh Kumar , Dheeman Shrivardhan , Agarwal Mohit , Dubey Ramesh Chand , Bajpai Vivek K. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRoot‐nodulating bacteria are intimate associates of legumes. From a pool of rhizobia isolated from root nodules of Mucuna pruriens (Velvet bean/Kaunch), RMP66 and BMP17 were found to be capable of promoting siderophore and IAA production and phosphate solubilization (insoluble tri‐calcium). Both symbionts were studied further to determine their abilities to promote plant growth and to control root‐rot in Mucuna pruriens caused by the pathogenic plant fungus Macrophomina phaseolina. RMP66 and BMP17 were selected based on their excellent inhibitory activities against M. phaseolina (by 78% and 71%, respectively) in dual culture and in agar‐well assays using cell‐free culture filtrate (CFCF) (by 76% and 62%, respectively). Both strains inhibited fungal growth to a greater extent in iron‐deficient medium (51% and 69%) than in iron‐supplemented medium (37% and 0%), respectively. CFCFs of RMP66 and BMP17 obtained from Pikovskaya's broth and tryptophan‐amended YEM broth inhibited fungal growth by 80%‐55% and 70%‐43%, respectively, and were identified as Sinorhizobium meliloti RMP66 and Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens BMP17 by 16S rDNA sequencing. Centrifuged and pelleted cells harvested from exponentially grown cultures of S. meliloti RMP66 and B. diazoefficiens BMP17 were used to bacterize seeds of M. pruriens, which then showed enhanced seed germination (by up to 17% and 12%, respectively), and subsequent increases in other plant growth parameters in field trials. Considerable increases in seedling vigour indices (62%: 53% and 110%: 130%) and biomass (8%: 13% and 25%: 28%) were also observed for bacterial treatments. Tn5‐mediated antibiotic‐resistant marker strains showed enhanced nodule occupancy by up to 72% and 68%, respectively. This study describes a multifunctional legume nodule rhizobia that could be utilized in multicropping systems under different agroclimatic conditions as a bioinoculant and alternative to fertilizers.
Mutations of the β‐tubulin gene fragments from carbendazim‐resistant isolates of Pestalotiopsis sp. causing strawberry leaf blight in Chiang Mai, Thailand
Authors: Kummanid Jitparpat , Akimitsu Kazuya , Nalumpang Sarunya 
Published: June 2017

AbstractScreening of field isolates of Pestalotiopsis sp. from strawberry leaf blight in Thailand identified 56 carbendazim‐resistant isolates. Of 56 isolates, 39 highly resistant (HR) phenotypes grew well on PDA amended with carbendazim even at ≥500 mg/L. Isolates with carbendazim‐resistant phenotype had a conspicuous mutation at particular sites in the beta‐tubulin (β‐tubulin) gene sequence. A β‐tubulin encoding gene from this pathogen was cloned and sequenced. Analysis of the β‐tubulin gene in highly resistant (HR) isolates showed a substitution at codon 79 and 102 from serine (AGT) to lysine (AAA) and valine (GTA) to alanine (GCA), respectively. The detection of such point mutations in the β‐tubulin gene allows the rapid screening to detect carbendazim‐resistant isolates in the field.
Tea polyphenol is a potential antifungal agent for the control of obligate biotrophic fungus in plants
Authors: Yang Yuheng , Chen Yingjuan , Chen Fajing , Yu Yang , Bi Chaowei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTea polyphenol (TP) exhibits broad‐spectrum antimicrobial properties. In this study, the in vitro and in vivo antifungal activities of TP on Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici (Pst), which is an obligate biotrophic fungus that causes severe wheat stripe rust disease, were evaluated to investigate the control efficacy of TP. In vitro experiments showed that, at a concentration of 1.0 mg/ml, TP significantly suppressed urediniospore germination and caused the aberrant growth of germ tubes. The inhibition ratio reached 100% by increasing the TP concentration. In vivo experiments showed that TP reduced incidence rate and the uredia coverage rate in a dose‐ and application time‐dependent manner. TP treatment also induced the aberrant differentiation of Pst on wheat leaves. Results suggest that the ideal TP concentration range is 20–40 mg/ml, and TP may be a potential antifungal agent for the control of obligate biotrophic fungus in plants.
An approach to understanding sleep and depressed mood in adolescents: person‐centred sleep classification
Authors: Shochat Tamar , Barker David H. , Sharkey Katherine M. , Van Reen Eliza , Roane Brandy M. , Carskadon Mary A. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryDepressive mood in youth has been associated with distinct sleep dimensions, such as timing, duration and quality. To identify discrete sleep phenotypes, we applied person‐centred analysis (latent class mixture models) based on self‐reported sleep patterns and quality, and examined associations between phenotypes and mood in high‐school seniors. Students (n = 1451; mean age = 18.4 ± 0.3 years; 648 M) completed a survey near the end of high‐school. Indicators used for classification included school night bed‐ and rise‐times, differences between non‐school night and school night bed‐ and rise‐times, sleep‐onset latency, number of awakenings, naps, and sleep quality and disturbance. Mood was measured using the total score on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies‐Depression Scale. One‐way anova tested differences between phenotype for mood. Fit indexes were split between 3‐, 4‐ and 5‐phenotype solutions. For all solutions, between phenotype differences were shown for all indicators: bedtime showed the largest difference; thus, classes were labelled from earliest to latest bedtime as ‘A’ (n = 751), ‘B’ (n = 428) and ‘C’ (n = 272) in the 3‐class solution. Class B showed the lowest sleep disturbances and remained stable, whereas classes C and A each split in the 4‐ and 5‐class solutions, respectively. Associations with mood were consistent, albeit small, with class B showing the lowest scores. Person‐centred analysis identified sleep phenotypes that differed in mood, such that those with the fewest depressive symptoms had moderate sleep timing, shorter sleep‐onset latencies and fewer arousals. Sleep characteristics in these groups may add to our understanding of how sleep and depressed mood associate in teens.
Modification of REE distribution of ordinary chondrites from Atacama (Chile) and Lut (Iran) hot deserts: Insights into the chemical weathering of meteorites
Authors: Pourkhorsandi Hamed , D'Orazio Massimo , Rochette Pierre , Valenzuela Millarca , Gattacceca Jérôme , Mirnejad Hassan , Sutter Brad , Hutzler Aurore , Aboulahris Maria 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe behavior of rare earth elements (REEs) during hot desert weathering of meteorites is investigated. Ordinary chondrites (OCs) from Atacama (Chile) and Lut (Iran) deserts show different variations in REE composition during this process. Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) data reveal that hot desert OCs tend to show elevated light REE concentrations, relative to OC falls. Chondrites from Atacama are by far the most enriched in REEs and this enrichment is not necessarily related to their degree of weathering. Positive Ce anomaly of fresh chondrites from Atacama and the successive formation of a negative Ce anomaly with the addition of trivalent REEs are similar to the process reported from Antarctic eucrites. In addition to REEs, Sr and Ba also show different concentrations when comparing OCs from different hot deserts. The stability of Atacama surfaces and the associated old terrestrial ages of meteorites from this region give the samples the necessary time to interact with the terrestrial environment and to be chemically modified. Higher REE contents and LREE‐enriched composition are evidence of contamination by terrestrial soil. Despite their low degrees of weathering, special care must be taken into account while working on the REE composition of Atacama meteorites for cosmochemistry applications. In contrast, chondrites from the Lut desert show lower degrees of REE modification, despite significant weathering signed by Sr content. This is explained by the relatively rapid weathering rate of the meteorites occurring in the Lut desert, which hampers the penetration of terrestrial material by forming voluminous Fe oxide/oxyhydroxides shortly after the meteorite fall.
Sfp1 and Rtg3 reciprocally modulate carbon source‐conditional stress adaptation in the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans
Authors: Kastora Stavroula L. , Herrero‐de‐Dios Carmen , Avelar Gabriela M. , Munro Carol A. , Brown Alistair J. P. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThe pathogenicity of the clinically important yeast, Candida albicans, is dependent on robust responses to host‐imposed stresses. These stress responses have generally been dissected in vitro at 30°C on artificial growth media that do not mimic host niches. Yet host inputs, such as changes in carbon source or temperature, are known to affect C. albicans stress adaptation. Therefore, we performed screens to identify novel regulators that promote stress resistance during growth on a physiologically relevant carboxylic acid and at elevated temperatures. These screens revealed that, under these ‘non‐standard’ growth conditions, numerous uncharacterised regulators are required for stress resistance in addition to the classical Hog1, Cap1 and Cta4 stress pathways. In particular, two transcription factors (Sfp1 and Rtg3) promote stress resistance in a reciprocal, carbon source‐conditional manner. SFP1 is induced in stressed glucose‐grown cells, whereas RTG3 is upregulated in stressed lactate‐grown cells. Rtg3 and Sfp1 regulate the expression of key stress genes such as CTA4, CAP1 and HOG1 in a carbon source‐dependent manner. These mechanisms underlie the stress sensitivity of C. albicans sfp1 cells during growth on glucose, and rtg3 cells on lactate. The data suggest that C. albicans exploits environmentally contingent regulatory mechanisms to retain stress resistance during host colonisation.
Prognostic value of O‐6‐methylguanine–DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) protein expression in glioblastoma excluding nontumour cells from the analysis
Authors: Dahlrot R. H. , Dowsett J. , Fosmark S. , Malmström A. , Henriksson R. , Boldt H. , de Stricker K. , Sørensen M. D. , Poulsen H. S. , Lysiak M. , Söderkvist P. , Rosell J. , Hansen S. , Kristensen B. W. 
Published: June 2017

AimsIt is important to predict response to treatment with temozolomide (TMZ) in glioblastoma (GBM) patients. Both MGMT protein expression and MGMT promoter methylation status have been reported to predict the response to TMZ. We investigated the prognostic value of quantified MGMT protein levels in tumour cells and the prognostic importance of combining information of MGMT protein level and MGMT promoter methylation status.MethodsMGMT protein expression was quantified in tumour cells in 171 GBMs from the population‐based Region of Southern Denmark (RSD)‐cohort using a double immunofluorescence approach. Pyrosequencing was performed in 157 patients. For validation we used GBM‐patients from a Nordic Study (NS) investigating the effect of radiotherapy and different TMZ schedules.ResultsWhen divided at the median, patients with low expression of MGMT protein (AF‐low) had the best prognosis (HR = 1.5, P = 0.01). Similar results were observed in the subgroup of patients receiving the Stupp regimen (HR = 2.0, P = 0.001). In the NS‐cohort a trend towards superior survival (HR = 1.6, P = 0.08) was seen in patients with AF‐low. Including MGMT promoter methylation status, we found for both cohorts that patients with methylated MGMT promoter and AF‐low had the best outcome; median OS 23.1 and 20.0 months, respectively.ConclusionOur data indicate that MGMT protein expression in tumour cells has an independent prognostic significance. Exclusion of nontumour cells contributed to a more exact analysis of tumour‐specific MGMT protein expression. This should be incorporated in future studies evaluating MGMT status before potential integration into clinical practice.
Heavy metal ATPase 3 (HMA3) confers cadmium hypertolerance on the cadmium/zinc hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola
Authors: Liu Huan , Zhao Haixia , Wu Longhua , Liu Anna , Zhao Fang‐Jie , Xu Wenzhong 
Published: June 2017

Summary

Cadmium (Cd) is highly toxic to most organisms, but some rare plant species can hyperaccumulate Cd in aboveground tissues without suffering from toxicity. The mechanism underlying Cd detoxification by hyperaccumulators is interesting but unclear.

Here, the heavy metal ATPase 3 (SpHMA3) gene responsible for Cd detoxification was isolated from the Cd/zinc (Zn) hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola. RNA interference (RNAi)‐mediated silencing and overexpression of SpHMA3 were induced to investigate its physiological functions in S. plumbizincicola and a nonhyperaccumulating ecotype of Sedum alfredii.

Heterologous expression of SpHMA3 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed Cd‐specific transport activity. SpHMA3 was highly expressed in the shoots and the protein was localized to the tonoplast. The SpHMA3‐RNAi lines were hypersensitive to Cd but not to Zn, with the growth of shoots and young leaves being severely inhibited by Cd. Overexpressing SpHMA3 in the nonhyperaccumulating ecotype of S. alfredii greatly increased its tolerance to and accumulation of Cd, but not Zn.

These results indicate that elevated expression of the tonoplast‐localized SpHMA3 in the shoots plays an essential role in Cd detoxification, which contributes to the maintenance of the normal growth of young leaves of S. plumbizincicola in Cd‐contaminated soils.
How do leaf and ecosystem measures of water‐use efficiency compare?
Authors: Medlyn Belinda E. , De Kauwe Martin G. , Lin Yan‐Shih , Knauer Jürgen , Duursma Remko A. , Williams Christopher A. , Arneth Almut , Clement Rob , Isaac Peter , Limousin Jean‐Marc , Linderson Maj‐Lena , Meir Patrick , Martin‐StPaul Nicolas , Wingate Lisa 
Published: June 2017

Summary

The terrestrial carbon and water cycles are intimately linked: the carbon cycle is driven by photosynthesis, while the water balance is dominated by transpiration, and both fluxes are controlled by plant stomatal conductance. The ratio between these fluxes, the plant water‐use efficiency (WUE), is a useful indicator of vegetation function.

WUE can be estimated using several techniques, including leaf gas exchange, stable isotope discrimination, and eddy covariance. Here we compare global compilations of data for each of these three techniques.

We show that patterns of variation in WUE across plant functional types (PFTs) are not consistent among the three datasets. Key discrepancies include the following: leaf‐scale data indicate differences between needleleaf and broadleaf forests, but ecosystem‐scale data do not; leaf‐scale data indicate differences between C3 and C4 species, whereas at ecosystem scale there is a difference between C3 and C4 crops but not grasslands; and isotope‐based estimates of WUE are higher than estimates based on gas exchange for most PFTs.

Our study quantifies the uncertainty associated with different methods of measuring WUE, indicates potential for bias when using WUE measures to parameterize or validate models, and indicates key research directions needed to reconcile alternative measures of WUE.
Limited and digestive proteolysis: crosstalk between evolutionary conserved pathways
Authors: Minina Elena A. , Moschou Panagiotis N. , Bozhkov Peter V. 
Published: June 2017

Contents

Summary
958

I.
Introduction
958

II.
Proteolysis in the early stages of the autophagy pathway
959

III.
Sharing tasks: the UPS–autophagy interface
960

IV.
Protein degradation as a final step of autophagy: bulk or selective?
962

V.
Concluding remarks
962

Acknowledgements
962

References
963

SummaryProteases can either digest target proteins or perform the so‐called ‘limited proteolysis’ by cleaving polypeptide chains at specific site(s). Autophagy and the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) are two main mechanisms carrying out digestive proteolysis. While the net outcome of digestive proteolysis is the loss of function of protein substrates, limited proteolysis can additionally lead to gain or switch of function. Recent evidence of crosstalk between autophagy, UPS and limited proteolysis indicates that these pathways are parts of the same proteolytic nexus. Here, we focus on three emerging themes within this area: limited proteolysis as a mechanism modulating autophagy; interplay between autophagy and UPS, including autophagic degradation of proteasomes (proteophagy); and specificity of protein degradation during bulk autophagy.
Pharmacoepidemiology of tacrolimus in pediatric liver transplantation
Authors: Riva Natalia , Schaiquevich Paula , Cáceres Guido Paulo , Halac Esteban , Dip Marcelo , Imventarza Oscar 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAEs during immunosuppressive treatment with tacrolimus are very common. We retrospectively evaluated FK safety and efficacy in a large pediatric liver transplant cohort in Latin America. During 2‐year follow‐up, we analyzed data from patients who underwent liver transplantation over the period 2010‐2012 and recorded FK exposure, AEs, and AR episodes. AEs were classified according causality and severity. Tacrolimus exposure before and during AE was compared using Wilcoxon matched‐pairs test. Kaplan‐Meier curves were used for survival analysis. In total, 46 patients (out of 72 patients) experienced 69 AEs, such as hypomagnesemia (49%), PTLD (6%), hypertension (6%), and/or nephrotoxicity (22%). 43% of AEs were classified as moderate or serious, and 89% were assigned as probable or definitive. Patients who had one or more AR episodes accounted for 65%. The 12‐month acute rejection‐free survival was 41% (95% CI, 30.1%‐53.1%). A significant difference was observed in FK trough concentrations before and during hypomagnesemia and nephrotoxicity (P<.05). This study is the first report of FK safety in a large group of pediatric liver transplant patients in Latin America. Children experience AEs, even in protocols with low FK doses. Therapeutic monitoring is an important tool to manage immunosuppressive schemes containing tacrolimus in vulnerable populations.
Diffuse myocardial fibrosis among healthy pediatric heart transplant recipients: Correlation of histology, cardiovascular magnetic resonance, and clinical phenotype
Authors: Feingold Brian , Salgado Cláudia M. , Reyes‐Múgica Miguel , Drant Stacey E. , Miller Susan A. , Kennedy Mark , Kellman Peter , Schelbert Erik B. , Wong Timothy C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFibrosis is commonly described in heart allografts lost late after transplantation. CMR‐derived ECV is a validated measure of DMF in native adult hearts that may predict heart failure and mortality. We explored associations of ECV with histologic myocardial fibrosis and clinical features after pediatric heart transplantation. Twenty‐five recipients (7.0±6.3 years at transplant and 10.7±6.5 years post‐transplant) were prospectively recruited for CMR and BNP measurement at the time of surveillance biopsy. All had normal ejection fractions and lacked heart failure symptoms. Fibrosis was quantified on biopsy after picrosirius red staining as CVF. ECV was quantified using contemporaneous hematocrit on basal and mid‐short‐axis slices. ECV was moderately correlated with CVF (r=.47; P=.019). We found no associations of ECV with hemodynamics, ischemic time, time since transplantation, or number of prior biopsies or acute rejections. Compared to healthy non‐transplant controls, there was no significant difference in ECV (25.1±3.0 vs 23.7±2.0%, P=.09). Log‐transformed BNP was correlated with ECV (recipients: r=.46, P=.02; recipients and controls: r=.45, P=.006). These findings suggest ECV quantifies DMF and relates to biological indicators of cardiac function after pediatric heart transplantation.
The impact of student loans on college access, completion, and returns
Authors: Baker Amanda R. , Andrews Benjamin D. , McDaniel Anne 
Published: June 2017

AbstractNearly half of all first‐time undergraduates take a loan to pay for college, and many students will borrow tens of thousands of dollars by the time they leave. Low‐income students and students of color borrow student loans more often and in larger amounts, yet attend less selective institutions, are more likely to drop out with debt. Among students who complete college, those with larger amounts of debt may struggle to pay back their loans or to invest in a house, family, or future education. Researchers are just beginning to untangle how the availability and use of student loans affects college access, educational attainment, and life after college, yet this topic has important implications for economic inequality and social stratification. In this article, we summarize what is known and what remains to be investigated, about the impact of student loan availability and use on college enrollment, degree completion, and postcollege outcomes.
Dretske on Non‐Epistemic Seeing
Authors: Demircioglu Erhan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this article, I make a distinction between two versions of non‐epistemicism about seeing, and bring explicitly into view and argue against a particular version defended by Dretske. More specifically, I distinguish non‐epistemic seeing as non‐conceptual seeing, where concept possession is assumed to be cognitively demanding, from non‐epistemic seeing as seeing without noticing, where noticing is assumed to be relatively cognitively undemanding. After showing that Dretske argues for the possibility of non‐epistemic seeing in both senses of the term, I target his thesis that a given subject (non‐epistemically) sees all the objects that are visually differentiated in her visual field, where visual differentiation does not require that she notice those objects. I argue that the notion of a visual field deployed in the formulation of the thesis cannot be phenomenal and therefore that seeing without noticing amounts to mere visual confrontation (in a sense to be specified). I further argue that since the epistemicist does not (and need not) deny the existence of seeing without noticing in the sense of mere visual confrontation, there is a clear sense in which Dretske's non‐epistemicism turns out to be trivial.
Complete Genome Sequence of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype O Strain YNTBa from Yunnan Province of China
Authors: Yan Huan , Wang Jihua , Zhu Mingwang , Miao Haisheng , Peng Zhenqi , Li Huachun , Xin Aiguo 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
YNTBa is a rabbit-passaged attenuated strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype O. Here, we announce the complete genome sequence of YNTBa, which provides data for further studies on replication, virulence, its determinants, and cell and host tropism of YNTBa.
Deeper Insight in Beehives: Metagenomes of Royal Jelly, Pollen, and Honey from Lavender, Chestnut, and Fir Honeydew and Epiphytic and Endophytic Microbiota of Lavender and Rose Flowers
Authors: Crovadore Julien , Gérard François , Chablais Romain , Cochard Bastien , Bergman Jensen Karl Kristian , Lefort François 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Microbiota of beehive products are very little known. We report here for the first time six metagenomes of royal jelly, pollen, and different types of honey from wild and cultivated lavender, chestnut, and fir honeydew. Four metagenomes of epiphytic and endophytic microbiota of lavender and rose flowers are also reported.
Draft Genome Sequence of Rice Orange Leaf Phytoplasma from Guangdong, China
Authors: Zhu Yingzhi , He Yuange , Zheng Zheng , Chen Jianchi , Wang Zhiyi , Zhou Guohui 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
The genome of rice orange leaf phytoplasma strain LD1 from Luoding City, Guangdong, China, was sequenced. The draft LD1 genome is 599,264 bp, with a G+C content of 28.2%, 647 predicted open reading frames, and 33 RNA genes.