bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying Convectively Coupled Equatorial Waves Using Theoretical Wave Eigenvectors
Authors: Ogrosky H. Reed , Stechmann Samuel N. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Convectively coupled equatorial waves (CCEWs) are often identified by space–time filtering techniques that make use of the eigenvalues of linear shallow water theory. Here, instead, a method is presented for identifying CCEWs by projection onto the eigenvectors of the theory. This method does not use space–time filtering; instead, wave signals corresponding to the first baroclinic Kelvin, Rossby, and mixed Rossby–gravity (MRG) waves are constructed from reanalysis data by a series of projections onto (i) vertical and meridional modes and (ii) the wave eigenvectors. In accordance with the theory, only dry variables, that is, winds and geopotential height, are used; no proxy for convection is used. Using lag–lead regression, composites of the structures associated with each eigenvector signal during boreal summer are shown to contain all the features of the theory as well as some additional features seen in previous observational studies, such as vertical tilts. In addition, these composites exhibit propagation in good agreement with the theory in certain regions of the tropics: over the eastern Pacific ITCZ for the Kelvin and MRG composites and over the Pacific warm pool for the Rossby composite. In these respective regions, the Kelvin eigenvector signal is also in good agreement with space–time-filtered outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), and the Rossby and MRG eigenvector signals are in reasonable agreement with space–time-filtered OLR; it is shown that the eigenvector projections used here contribute to this agreement. Finally, a space–time-filtered version of the eigenvector projection is briefly discussed, as are potential applications of the method.
Sialolithiasis in an Accessory Submandibular Gland Identified by Magnetic Resonance Sialography
Authors: Sanchez Barrueco Alvaro , Santillan Coello Jessica , Sobrino Guijarro Beatriz , Villacampa Aubá Jose Miguel , Cenjor Español Carlos 
Published: March 2016

Background: Accessory submandibular gland is a very rare anatomical variant. There have been only 6 reported cases of this entity in the English literature, only 1 of which was identified using magnetic resonance imaging. Methods: We report the case of a 39-year-old female with symptoms of left submandibular sialoadenitis who was diagnosed of sialolithiasis within the left accessory submandibular gland by magnetic resonance sialography (MR-Si). Results: The calculus was palpated near the submandibular papilla and was extracted by an intraoral approach. One-year follow-up revealed no evidence of recurrence. Conclusions: This is the first case reported to date in the English literature of a patient with sialolithiasis within an accessory submandibular gland diagnosed by MR-Si.
Population Prevalence Rates of Birth Defects: A Data Management and Epidemiological Perspective
Authors: Riley Merilyn 
Published: March 2016

The Victorian Birth Defects Register (VBDR) is a population-based surveillance system with a primary function of monitoring trends in birth defects. This paper outlines the processes undertaken in Victoria, Australia, to obtain population prevalence rates of birth defects and investigates the effect on the prevalence rates of variations in collection and processing tasks. It includes all birth defects that were notified to the VBDR by 31 December 2004. The overall prevalence rate of birth defects in Victoria for 2003 was 4.0%, with an overall accuracy rate of 88%. However, this proportion varied according to what birth defects were included, the age by which birth defects were diagnosed, changes to sources of ascertainment, inclusion of terminations of pregnancy, or reporting by cases rate (infants affected) or birth defect rate (individual birth defects). Taking all of these factors into consideration, we are confident that 4.0% is an accurate population prevalence rate of birth defects in Victoria for 2003.
Reduction in Chemotherapy Order Errors with Computerised Physician Order Entry and Clinical Decision Support Systems
Authors: Aziz Muhammad Tahir , Ur-Rehman Tofeeq , Qureshi Sadia , Bukhari Nadeem Irfan 
Published: March 2016

Background: Medication errors in chemotherapy are frequent and lead to patient morbidity and mortality, as well as increased rates of re-admission and length of stay, and considerable extra costs. Objective: This study investigated the proposition that computerised chemotherapy ordering reduces the incidence and severity of chemotherapy protocol errors. Method: A computerised physician order entry of chemotherapy order (C-CO) with clinical decision support system was developed in-house, including standardised chemotherapy protocol definitions, automation of pharmacy distribution, clinical checks, labeling and invoicing. A prospective study was then conducted in a C-CO versus paper based chemotherapy order (P-CO) in a 30-bed chemotherapy bay of a tertiary hospital. Both C-CO and P-CO orders, including pharmacoeconomic analysis and the severity of medication errors, were checked and validated by a clinical pharmacist. A group analysis and field trial were also conducted to assess clarity, feasibility and decision making. Results and Conclusion: The C-CO was very usable in terms of its clarity and feasibility. The incidence of medication errors was significantly lower in the C-CO compared with the P-CO (10/3765 [0.26%] versus 134/5514 [2.4%]). There was also a reduction in dispensing time of chemotherapy protocols in the C-CO. The chemotherapy computerisation with clinical decision support system resulted in a significant decrease in the occurrence and severity of medication errors, improvements in chemotherapy dispensing and administration times, and reduction of chemotherapy cost.
Revised classification of histiocytoses and neoplasms of the macrophage-dendritic cell lineages
Authors: Emile Jean-François , Abla Oussama , Fraitag Sylvie , Horne Annacarin , Haroche Julien , Donadieu Jean , Requena-Caballero Luis , Jordan Michael B. , Abdel-Wahab Omar , Allen Carl E. , Charlotte Frédéric , Diamond Eli L. , Egeler R. Maarten , Fischer Alain , Herrera Juana Gil , Henter Jan-Inge , Janku Filip , Merad Miriam , Picarsic Jennifer , Rodriguez-Galindo Carlos , Rollins Barret J. , Tazi Abdellatif , Vassallo Robert , Weiss Lawrence M. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The histiocytoses are rare disorders characterized by the accumulation of macrophage, dendritic cell, or monocyte-derived cells in various tissues and organs of children and adults. More than 100 different subtypes have been described, with a wide range of clinical manifestations, presentations, and histologies. Since the first classification in 1987, a number of new findings regarding the cellular origins, molecular pathology, and clinical features of histiocytic disorders have been identified. We propose herein a revision of the classification of histiocytoses based on histology, phenotype, molecular alterations, and clinical and imaging characteristics. This revised classification system consists of 5 groups of diseases: (1) Langerhans-related, (2) cutaneous and mucocutaneous, and (3) malignant histiocytoses as well as (4) Rosai-Dorfman disease and (5) hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and macrophage activation syndrome. Herein, we provide guidelines and recommendations for diagnoses of these disorders.
EGFR Mutations in Latinos From the United States and Latin America
Authors: Lopez-Chavez Ariel , Thomas Anish , Evbuomwan Moses O. , Xi Liqiang , Chun Guinevere , Vidaurre Tatiana , Arrieta Oscar , Oblitas George , Oton Ana Belen , Calvo Alejandro R. , Rajan Arun , Raffeld Mark , Steinberg Seth M. , Arze-Aimaretti Lorena , Giaccone Giuseppe 
Published: March 2016

Purpose Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations confer sensitivity to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). There are limited and conflicting reports on the frequency of EGFR mutations in Latinos. Patients and Methods Samples from 642 patients with NSCLC from seven institutions in the United States and Latin America were assessed for EGFR mutations (exons 18 to 21) at Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments-certified central laboratories. Results EGFR mutation analysis was successfully performed in 480 (75%) of 642 patients; 90 (19%) were Latinos, 318 (66%) were non-Latino whites, 35 (7%) were non-Latino Asians, 30 (6%) were non-Latino blacks, and seven (2%) were of other races or ethnicities. EGFR mutations were found in 21 (23%) of 90 Latinos with varying frequencies according to the country of origin; Latinos from Peru (37%), followed by the United States (23%), Mexico (18%), Venezuela (10%), and Bolivia (8%). In never-smoker Latinos and Latinos with adenocarcinoma histology, EGFR mutation frequencies were 38% and 30%, respectively. There was a significant difference in the frequency of EGFR mutations among the different racial and ethnic subgroups analyzed (P < .001), with non-Latino Asians having the highest frequency (57%) followed by Latinos (23%), non-Latino whites (19%), and non-Latino blacks (10%). There was no difference between Latinos (23%) and non-Latinos (22%; P = .78) and Latinos and non-Latino whites (P = .37). Patients from Peru had an overall higher frequency of mutations (37%) than all other Latinos (17%), but this difference only exhibited a trend toward significance (P = .058). Conclusion There was no significant difference between the frequency of EGFR mutations in NSCLC in Latinos and non-Latinos.
Cross-species functional analyses reveal shared and separate roles for Sox11 in frog primary neurogenesis and mouse cortical neuronal differentiation
Authors: Chen Chao , Jin Jing , Lee Garrett A. , Silva Elena , Donoghue Maria 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTA well-functioning brain requires production of the correct number and types of cells during development; cascades of transcription factors are essential for cellular coordination. Sox proteins are transcription factors that affect various processes in the development of the nervous system. Sox11, a member of the SoxC family, is expressed in differentiated neurons and supports neuronal differentiation in several systems. To understand how generalizable the actions of Sox11 are across phylogeny, its function in the development of the frog nervous system and the mouse cerebral cortex were compared. Expression of Sox11 is largely conserved between these species; in the developing frog, Sox11 is expressed in the neural plate, neural tube and throughout the segmented brain, while in the mouse cerebral cortex, Sox11 is expressed in differentiated zones, including the preplate, subplate, marginal zone and cortical plate. In both frog and mouse, data demonstrate that Sox11 supports a role in promoting neuronal differentiation, with Sox11-positive cells expressing pan-neural markers and becoming morphologically complex. However, frog and mouse Sox11 cannot substitute for one another; a functional difference likely reflected in sequence divergence. Thus, Sox11 appears to act similarly in subserving neuronal differentiation but is species-specific in frog neural development and mouse corticogenesis.
Disentangling generic limits in Chionoloma, Oxystegus, Pachyneuropsis and Pseudosymblepharis (Bryophyta: Pottiaceae): An inquiry into their phylogenetic relationships
Authors: Alonso Marta , Jiménez Juan A. , Nylinder Stephan , Hedenäs Lars , Cano María J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPottiaceae is the largest known moss family, with one of the most complex taxonomies among the bryophytes. The circumscription of genera within the Pottiaceae is challenging. Here, we elucidate the relationships among four related traditional genera of the Pottiaceae: Chionoloma, Oxystegus, Pachyneuropsis and Pseudosymblepharis, all sharing a complex taxonomic history. In order to resolve phylogenetic relationships among the four genera, a phylogeny derived from nuclear ITS and the plastid markers atpB-rbcL, trnG and trnL-F is inferred. Putative monophyly of these four genera is investigated using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses. Ancestral state reconstruction shows high levels of homoplasy in the characters historically used for the generic division of Chionoloma s.1. Based on our results, we suggest that Chionoloma, Oxystegus and Pseudosymblepharis should be merged into a single genus, for which the oldest name Chionoloma has priority. Additional analyses are needed to clarify the taxonomic status of Pachyneuropsis. New combinations are provided for those species where required, and lectotypes are designated for five names.
Desmophlebiaceae and Desmophlebium: A new family and genus of Eupolypod II ferns
Authors: Mynssen Claudine M. , Vasco Alejandra , Moran Robbin C. , Sylvestre Lana S. , Rouhan Germinal 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBased on an analysis of five plastid markers (atpA, atpB, rbcL, rps4‐trnS, trnL/trnL‐trnF), we show that Diplazium lechleri is sister to a clade formed by the Hemidictyaceae and Aspleniaceae. Thus, it does not belong to the Athyriaceae where previously classified. A new family, Desmophlebiaceae, and a new genus, Desmophlebium, are described to accommodate this relationship. Morphologically, Desmophlebium is distinguished from Diplazium by the combination of thick 1‐pinnate laminae, entire pinnae, decurrent distal pinnae, conform lamina apices (i.e., the terminal segment is similar to the lateral pinnae), and the presence of a submarginal connecting vein. On the basis of morphology, we also assign Diplazium longisorum to the new family and genus. Accordingly, the new combinations Desmophlebium lechleri and D. longisorum are provided. A lectotype is designated for Diplazium parallelogrammum, a synonym of Desmophlebium lechleri. Desmophlebium grows in humid forests from 125 to 1900 m. Desmophlebium lechleri occurs from Panama to north‐central and northeastern Brazil, and D. longisorum occurs in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
Morphology, phylogeny, and taxonomy of Microthlaspi (Brassicaceae: Coluteocarpeae) and related genera
Authors: Ali Tahir , Schmuker Angelika , Runge Fabian , Solovyeva Irina , Nigrelli Lisa , Paule Juraj , Buch Ann-Katrin , Xia Xiaojuan , Ploch Sebastian , Orren Ouria , Kummer Volker , Linde-Laursen Ib , Ørgaard Marian , Hauser Thure Pablo , Çelik Ali , Thines Marco 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe genus Thlaspi has been variously subdivided since its description by Linnaeus in 1753, but due to similarities in fruit shape several segregates have still not gained broad recognition, despite the fact that they are not directly related to Thlaspi. This applies especially to segregates now considered to belong to the tribe Coluteocarpeae, which includes several well‐studied taxa, e.g., Noccaea caerulescens (syn. Thlaspi caerulescens), and the widespread Microthlaspi perfoliatum (syn. Thlaspi perfoliatum). The taxonomy of this tribe is still debated, as a series of detailed monographs on Coluteocarpeae was not published in English and a lack of phylogenetic resolution within this tribe was found in previous studies. The current study presents detailed phylogenetic investigations and a critical review of morphological features, with focus on taxa previously placed in Microthlaspi. Based on one nuclear (ITS) and two chloroplast (matK, trnL‐F) loci, four strongly supported major groups were recovered among the Coluteocarpeae genera included, corresponding to Ihsanalshehbazia gen. nov., Friedrichkarlmeyeria gen. nov., Microthlaspi s.str., and Noccaea s.l. In addition, two new species of Microthlaspi, M. sylvarum‐cedri sp. nov. and M. mediterraneo‐orientale sp. nov., were discovered, which are well supported by both morphological and molecular data. Furthermore, M. erraticum comb. nov. (diploid) and M. perfoliatum s.str. (polyploid) were shown to be distinct species, phylogenetically widely separate, but with some overlap in several morphological characters. Detailed descriptions, notes on taxonomy, geographical distribution, and line drawings for the new species and each species previously included in Microthlaspi are provided. In addition, the current taxonomic state of the tribe Coluteocarpeae is briefly discussed and it is concluded that while several annual taxa are clearly distinct from Noccaea, many perennial taxa, after thorough phylogenetic and morphological investigations, may have to be merged with this genus.
Limit Cycles Coming from Some Uniform Isochronous Centers
Authors: Liang Haihua , Llibre Jaume , Torregrosa Joan 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
This article is about the weak 16th Hilbert problem, i.e. we analyze how many limit cycles can bifurcate from the periodic orbits of a given polynomial differential center when it is perturbed inside a class of polynomial differential systems. More precisely, we consider the uniform isochronous centers

x
˙

=

-
y

+

x
2

⁢
y
⁢

(

x
2

+

y
2

)

n

,

y
˙

=

x
+

x
⁢

y
2

⁢

(

x
2

+

y
2

)

n

,

$\dot{x}=-y+x^{2}y(x^{2}+y^{2})^{n},\quad\dot{y}=x+xy^{2}(x^{2}+y^{2})^{n},$

of degree

2
⁢
n

+
3

${2n+3}$

and we perturb them inside the class of all polynomial differential systems of degree

2
⁢
n

+
3

${2n+3}$

. For

n
=

0
,
1

${n=0,1}$

we provide the maximum number of limit cycles, 3 and 8 respectively, that can bifurcate from the periodic orbits of these centers using averaging theory of first order, or equivalently Abelian integrals. For

n
=
2

${n=2}$

we show that at least 12 limit cycles can bifurcate from the periodic orbits of the center.
Influence of Duplex Treatment on Structural and Tribological Properties of Commercially Pure Titanium
Authors: Çelik Ilhan 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Titanium and its alloys are widely used in many fields, including aerospace and the chemical and biomedical industries. This is due to their mechanical properties, excellent corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility although they do have poor wear resistance. In this study, a duplex layer was successfully formed on the commercially pure titanium surface by duplex treatments (plasma nitriding and physical vapor deposition (PVD)). In the initial treatment, plasma nitriding was performed on the pure titanium samples and in the second treatment, the nitrided samples were coated with CrN by PVD. The friction and wear properties of the duplex-treated samples were investigated for tribological applications. Surface morphology and microstructure of the duplex-treated samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the tribological properties were investigated using pin-on-disc tribometer. A compound layer composed of ε-Ti2N and δ-TiN phases and a diffusion layer formed under the compound layer were obtained on the surface of pure titanium after the nitriding treatments. CrN coated on the nitrided surface provided an increase in the surface hardness and in the wear resistance.
Mechanism of Selective Desulphurization in Iron Ore Sintering Process by Adding Urea
Authors: Long Hongming , Wu Xuejian , Chun Tiejun , Li Jiaxin , Wang Ping , Meng Qingmin , Di Zhanxia , Zhang Xiangyang 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIron ore sintering is an important part during the ironmaking process, and a large amount of SO2is also generated. Our previous research shows that it is an effective way to reduce SO2content of flue gas by adding urea to a special sintering material zone position. In this paper, the mechanism of selective desulphurization by adding urea during the iron ore sintering was carried out. The results show that 88.14 % desulphurization rate was obtained with the addition of 0.05 % urea particles at 100 mm height from the feed bottom. During the sintering process, when drying zone reached the added position of urea, large amounts of NH3were generated by urea decomposition, and then reacted with SO2to produce (NH4)2SO4in the wetting zone. With the accumulated desulphurization reactions during the sintering, the low SO2emission in the flue gas was achieved. Moreover, the addition of urea in the bottom zone avoided the ammonia present in the sintering ore and promoted the urea utilization efficiency.
Characteristics And Results Of The Near Real-Time System For Estimating The Seismic Damage In Romania
Authors: Dragos Toma-Danila , Ortanza Cioflan Carmen , Florin Balan Stefan , Florinela Manea Elena 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The Near Real-Time System for Estimating the Seismic Damage in Romania, implemented in 2012 at the National Institute for Earth Physics, is one of the automated systems that can directly contribute to saving many lives right after a major earthquake, by translating earthquake parameters into damage probabilities for different areas within Romanian counties and showing emergency intervention necessities, and can also lead to mitigation actions before an earthquake, through raising awareness and highlighting vulnerable aspects of the building stock and economic and social impacts.
This paper aims to present the scientific background of this constantly upgrading system, and to show different results for relevant scenarios, for intermediate-depth Vrancea earthquakes and other crustal earthquakes. Several important questions are tried to be answered, like: “How credible are the estimated losses?”, “What are the most vulnerable aspects?” or “How can the damage maps be useful for authorities?”.
Currently, the system uses for building loss estimation the analytical methods (as the Improved-Displacement Capacity Method - I-DCM) implemented within the open-source software SELENA (SEismic Loss EstimatioN using a logic tree Approach), together with HAZUS methods for estimating the human casualties. The building stock is defined through 48 different capacity and fragility curves, depending on construction material, height and age. As hazard data, PGA and SA values obtained through the ShakeMap System and based on real recordings and attenuation relations are used. The area currently analyzed by the system consists of 19 Romanian Counties, capital Bucharest and 9 regions in northern Bulgaria; resolution of the data is at administrative unit (commune or city) level. We aim to provide an insight of each part of this system, justify the choices made and also discuss the improvement possibilities.
Significant life events and social connectedness in Australian women's gambling experiences
Authors: Nuske Elaine Mary , Holdsworth Louise , Breen Helen 
Published: March 2016

Aim The aim is to examine significant life events and social connections that encourage some women to gamble. Specifically, how do these events and connections described as important for women who develop gambling-related problems differ for women who remain recreational gamblers? Design 20 women who were electronic gaming machine (EGMs, poker machines, slots) players were interviewed using a brief interview guide. They also completed the nine question Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) from the Canadian Problem Gambling Index CPGI). 11 women self-identified as recreational gamblers (RG) while 9 had sought and received help for their gambling problems (PG). Using a feminist, qualitative design and an adaptive grounded theory method to analyze their histories, a number of themes emerged indicating a progression to problem gambling for some and the ability to recognise when control over gambling was needed by others. Results Although both groups (RG and PG) reported common gambling motivations differences appeared in the strength of their social support networks and ways of coping with stress, especially stress associated with a significant life event. Conclusions The human need for social connectedness and personal bonds with others emphasised the usefulness of using social capital theories in gambling research with women.