bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Choroidal Thickness and Structural Glaucoma Parameters in Glaucomatous, Preperimetric Glaucomatous, and Healthy Eyes using Swept-Source OCT
Authors: Akil Handan , Al-Sheikh Mayss , Falavarjani Khalil Ghasemi , Francis Brian , Chopra Vikas 
Published: January 2017

Purpose To evaluate choroidal thickness (CT) and its relationship with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness (GCIPLT) in glaucomatous, preperimetric glaucomatous, and healthy eyes using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Methods Fifty eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma, 20 eyes with preperimetric glaucoma, and 20 age-matched healthy eyes were enrolled. Three-dimensional wide-field (12 × 9 mm) images were obtained using a SS-OCT instrument. Peripapillary CT and RNFL thickness, as well as macular CT and GCIPLT, were recorded. The correlation of the CT with nerve fiber layer and GCIPLT measurements was assessed. The association between CT and potential confounding variables including age, sex, axial length, intraocular pressure, and central corneal thickness was also examined. Results Mean peripapillary CTs were 111.7 ± 41.7, 127.7 ± 40.1, and 120.8 ± 35.4 μm in glaucomatous, preperimetric glaucomatous, and normal eyes, respectively. There was statistically significant but weak correlation for the mean RNFL and mean peripapillary CT in glaucomatous subjects (r = 0.341, p = 0.04). There was a significant correlation between RNFL thickness and peripapillary CT in 1, 2, 5, and 6 clock hours of glaucomatous eyes (r = 0.410, p = 0.005; r = 0.316, p = 0.03; r = 0.346, p = 0.02; r = 0.35, p = 0.04, respectively). Mean macular CT was 181.5 ± 70.5, 187.4 ± 65.5, and 185.4 ± 76.4 μm in glaucomatous, preperimetric glaucomatous, and healthy eyes, respectively (p = 0.7). There was no statistically significant correlation between the mean GCIPLT and mean macular CT in all subjects (p>0.05). Conclusions Choroidal thinning and its correlation with other parameters in patients with glaucoma should be further investigated with the proprietary software of SS-OCT.
A Novel Digital Templating Methodology for Arthroplasty: Experience from Patients with Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
Authors: Dong Ning , Yang Chen , Li Shu-Qiang , Gao Yu-Hang , Liu Jian-Guo , Qi Xin 
Published: January 2017

Purpose To assess the accuracy of a novel digital templating methodology for total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 77 hips in 58 patients who had undergone uncemented THA for ONFH. Pre-Operative radiographs were templated using a 2-step procedure: (i) calculation of basic cup and stem sizes based on the anatomical morphology; (ii) adjustment of the basic sizes to account for variables such as femoral external rotation, osteoporotic changes in the femur, osteosclerotic changes in the acetabulum, and the type of stem. Basic and adjusted sizes were compared with the actual sizes of the implants used. Results Before adjustment, the overall accuracy was 69% and 70% for stem size and the cup respectively. Among all the cases, 31 femoral components (40%) and 17 acetabular components (22%) required adjustment. After adjustment, the accuracy of templating for stem and cup sizes in these adjusted cases improved from 52% to 87% (p = 0.002), and 41% to 82%, respectively (p = 0.032). And the overall templating accuracy improved to 83% on the stem side (p = 0.038) and 79% on the cup side (p = 0.195). Conclusions Pre-Operative digital templating was useful in predicting cup and stem sizes in patients with ONFH. Radiographic signs of femoral rotation or osteoporotic changes call for appropriate adjustment to improve the accuracy of templating for THA.
The RM Pressfit Vitamys: 5-Year Swiss Experience of the First 100 Cups
Authors: Wyatt Michael , Weidner Jan , Pfluger Dominik , Beck Martin 
Published: January 2017

Background The RM Pressfit vitamys is a titanium particle-coated monoblock cup with vitamin E stabilised highly cross-linked polyethylene. Initial fixation is achieved via press-fit with subsequent stability by bone on-growth. This is the first study to report the 5-year results of this design. Methods We performed a prospective cohort study according to STROBE guidelines of 100 consecutive total hip replacements (THRs) in 92 patients all with ceramic heads. Demographic data, pre/postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and satisfaction, Harris Hip Scores (HHS) and complications were recorded. Radiographic analysis of osteolysis and loosening was complemented by EBRA (Einzel-Bild-Röntgen-Analyse) evaluation of cup movement. Results Our cohort comprised 48 women (mean age 67; SD 10.4) and 44 men (mean age 69; SD 7.8). The mean body mass index was 27 kg/m2 (SD 4.6). Surgical indications were osteoarthritis 96%, avascular necrosis 3% and fracture 1%. 82% had a direct anterior approach, 15% anterolateral and 3% trans-gluteal. 4 surgeons were involved. 1 cup was repositioned and fixed with screws within a week of index surgery. There were 2 intraoperative femoral fractures, 3 haematomata with 1 requiring drainage and 1 deep infection settling with an open washout and modular exchange. Mean VAS satisfaction increased from 3.8 (SD 2.0) to 8.8 at 6 weeks (SD 1.4) and 9.5 (SD 1.3) at 5 years. The HHS functional scores were 58.9 (SD 13.2) preoperatively and 94.6 (SD 6.6) at 5 years. Radiographic analysis showed neither progressive radiolucency nor osteolysis. Mean migration was 1.5 mm after 5 years. Conclusions Mid-term results of the RM Pressfit vitamys cup are encouraging.
A randomized controlled trial of Mediterranean diet and metformin to prevent age-related diseases in people with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Pasanisi Patrizia , Gargano Giuliana , Gaetana Di Mauro Maria , Cortellini Mauro , Casagrande Alice , Villarini Anna , Bruno Eleonora , Roveda Eliana , Saibene Gabriella , Venturelli Elisabetta , Berrino Franco 
Published: January 2017

Purpose: Age-related non-communicable chronic diseases (ArCDs) are the leading cause of mortality. The major metabolic risk factor for their development is the metabolic syndrome (MetS), defined as a clustering of risk factors of metabolic origin such as abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia and high fasting glycemia. There is increasing observational and experimental evidence that improving diet and the use of metformin (a calorie-restriction mimetic drug) may modify the risk of developing MetS and ArCD. We designed a phase III randomized controlled trial (the Me.Me.Me trial) to evaluate the effect of a comprehensive lifestyle intervention (including moderate physical activity and a Mediterranean-macrobiotic diet) and the effect of treatment with metformin in the prevention of ArCDs in healthy people with MetS. This report describes the scientific protocol of this trial. Methods: The design of the study is 2 × 2 factorial with 2,000 volunteers to be randomized into 4 equal groups of 500 each, which are allocated to the following treatments: metformin (1,700 mg/day) + active lifestyle intervention, placebo + active lifestyle intervention, metformin (1,700 mg/day) alone, and placebo alone. The metformin/placebo component of the study is double blind. The study is planned for a term of 5 years. Results: The Me.Me.Me. trial is ongoing and recruitment of participants is underway. No patient has completed the 5 years of follow-up. Conclusions: We believe that the results of the trial will clarify the importance of lifestyle for primary prevention and the role of metformin as a potential chemopreventive agent. The trial is registred on ClinicalTrials.gov with the identification NCT02960711.
John Gower Copies Geoffrey Chaucer
Authors: Cole Andrew 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Gower borrows from Chaucer's legends of Cleopatra and of Thisbe in the Legend of Good Women. He copies Chaucer in a way similar both to how medieval readers gloss texts in their focus on keywords and to how scribes sometimes copy Chaucer by rewriting his text and flattening his poetry. This article proposes to detect literary borrowing through shared textual shapes and patterns, marked by keywords. It also suggests that Chaucer and Gower know that each adheres to different schools of source interpretation. With the phrase “moral Gower,” Chaucer describes Gower's method of moralizing Ovidian texts—thus evoking the common locution “ethicus Ovidius” as well as the familiar work Ovide Moralisé. And when Gower praises Chaucer as the author of great love poetry, he refers to Chaucer's persona in the Prologue to the Legend as a poet who adopts Ovid in a more literal, poetic, and courtly fashion.
Catholic Activism: How Religious Identity Shaped College Peace and Anti-ROTC Movements in Philadelphia
Authors: De Angelis Lauren Michele 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
This article traces the emergence of activism on two Catholic campuses in Philadelphia during the Vietnam War: St. Joseph's College and La Salle College. Unlike previous histories relating to campus protests, the article connects participants' Catholic beliefs to their activism. Although affiliated with different religious orders, both of these colleges embraced Vatican II reforms, which engendered dialogue in their communities, allowed lay professors a more prominent voice, and created a debate on war and violence in the modern world. In academic communities where religion was deeply entrenched, students, faculty, and staff formed their antiwar debates around core Catholic doctrines. The importance of religion when initiating social change is underscored by analyzing newspapers, speeches and events on their respective campuses.
Left main coronary artery compression due to pulmonary artery aneurysm: Three-year clinical and angiographic follow-up after stenting
Authors: Barbosa Roberto Ramos , Mario Afonso Dalmazio Souza , Dadalt Darlan , De Sá Nicholas Loureiro , Serp Renato Giestas , Jacques Tiago De Melo , Calil Osmar De Araujo , Barbosa Luiz Fernando Machado 
Published: January 2017

We report a case of a 53-year-old male patient with typical angina and dyspnea with moderate exertion due to extrinsiccompression of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) by a pulmonary artery aneurysm. Coronary angiography demonstrated 90% stenosis of the LMCA ostium. Percutaneous coronary intervention was successfully performed with implantation of a 6.0 mm × 12 mm bare-metal stent guided by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). He remained asymptomatic at three-years evaluation, and angiographic and IVUS follow-up showed no significant in-stent neointimal hyperplasia or luminal loss, with excellent apposition and covering of stent struts and minimal luminal area 23.3 mm 2 as measured by IVUS.
Iš XX a. Lietuvos parlamentarizmo istorijos: deputato Virgilijaus Čepaičio byla ir Seimo nario Vytauto Petkevičiaus valdžios kritika laikraštyje Opozicija
Authors: Tamošaitis Mindaugas 
Published: January 2017

Pasirėmus gausia dokumentine medžiaga, straipsnio pirmoje dalyje išsamiai aptariama vieno iš Lietuvos persitvarkymo sąjūdžio (LPS) lyderių – Lietuvos Respublikos Aukščiausiosios Tarybos-Atkuriamojo Seimo (1990–1992) deputato Virgilijaus Čepaičio išskirtinio dėmesio visuomenėje sulaukusi byla, kurioje jis viešai buvo apkaltintas sąmoningai bendradarbiavęs su Sovietų Sąjungos specialiąja tarnyba – KGB. Antroje straipsnyje dalyje išskirtinis dėmesys skiriamas visuomenėje prieštaringai vertinamo buvusio LPS Iniciatyvinės grupės ir Lietuvos Respublikos Seimo nario (1992–1996) Vytauto Petkevičiaus išdėstytai viešai valdžios kritikai jo įkurtame laikraštyje Opozicija. Straipsnio pabaigoje pateikiamas aprašytos V. Čepaičio ir V. Petkevičiaus veiklos bendras įvertinimas.
Romėniška moneta iš Panemunės pilies
Authors: Malonaitis Arvydas 
Published: January 2017

Straipsnyje apžvelgiama 2011 m. archeologinių tyrinėjimų metu Panemunės pilies (Jurbarko r. sav., Pilies I k., Skirsnemunės sen.) kieme rasta romėniška Gordiano III (valdė 238–244 m.) moneta. Daroma prielaida, kad moneta į pilį galėjo patekti kaip kolekcijos dalis arba iš netoliese pažeisto senojo geležies amžiaus objekto (kapo ar gyvenvietės) ir kartu su žvyru atsidurti tarp statybinių atliekų. Straipsnyje pateikiamos monetos radimo situacijos, jos iliustracijos.
What we can learn from measurements of air electric conductivity in 222Rn‐rich atmosphere
Authors: Seran E. , Godefroy M. , Pili E. , Michielsen N. , Bondiguel S. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractElectric conductivity of air is an important characteristic of the electric properties of an atmosphere. Testing instruments to measure electric conductivity ranging from ~10−13 to 10−9 S m−1 in natural conditions found in the Earth atmosphere is not an easy task. One possibility is to use stratospheric balloon flights; another (and a simpler one) is to look for terrestrial environments with significant radioactive decay. In this paper we present measurements carried out with different types of conductivity sensors in two 222Rn‐rich environments, i.e., in the Roselend underground tunnel (French Alps) and in the Institute of Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety BACCARA (BAnC de CAllibrage du RAdon) chamber. The concept of the conductivity sensor is based on the classical time relaxation method. New elements in our design include isolation of the sensor sensitive part (electrode) from the external electric field and sensor miniaturization. This greatly extends the application domain of the sensor and permits to measure air electric conductivity when the external electric field is high and varies from few tens of V m−1 to up to few tens of kV m−1. This is suitable to propose the instrument for a planetary mission. Two‐fold objectives were attained as the outcome of these tests and their analysis. First was directly related to the performances of the conductivity sensors and the efficiency of the conductivity sensor design to shield the external electric field. Second objective aimed at understanding the decay mechanisms of 222Rn and its progeny in atmosphere and the impact of the enclosed space on the efficiency of gas ionization.
Reflecting upon 10 years of geoengineering research: Introduction to the Crutzen + 10 special issue
Authors: Boettcher Miranda , Schäfer Stefan 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTen years ago, Nobel laureate Paul Crutzen called for research into the possibility of reflecting sunlight away from Earth by injecting sulfur particles into the stratosphere. Across academic disciplines, Crutzen's intervention caused a surge in interest in and research on proposals for what is often referred to as “geoengineering”—an unbounded set of heterogeneous proposals for intentionally intervening into the climate system to reduce the risks of climate change. To mark the 10‐year anniversary of the publication of Paul Crutzen's seminal essay, this special issue reviews the developments in geoengineering research since Crutzen's intervention and reflects upon possible future directions that geoengineering research may take. In this introduction, we briefly outline the arguments made in Paul Crutzen's (2006) contribution and describe the key developments of the past 10 years. We then proceed to give an overview of some of the central issues in current discussions on geoengineering, and situate the contributions to this special issue within them. In particular, we contend that geoengineering research is characterized by an orientation toward speculative futures that fundamentally shapes how geoengineering is entering the collective imagination of scientists, policymakers, and publics, and a mode of knowledge production that recognizes the risks that may result from new knowledge and that struggles with its own socio‐political dimensions.
Drivers of uncertainty in simulated ocean circulation and heat uptake
Authors: Huber Markus B. , Zanna Laure 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe impact of uncertainties in air‐sea fluxes and ocean model parameters on the ocean circulation and ocean heat uptake (OHU) is assessed in a novel modeling framework. We use an ocean‐only model forced with the simulated sea surface fields of the CMIP5 climate models. The simulations are performed using control and 1% CO2 warming scenarios. The ocean‐only ensemble adequately reproduces the mean Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and the zonally integrated OHU. The ensemble spread in AMOC strength, its weakening, and Atlantic OHU due to different air‐sea fluxes is twice as large as the uncertainty range related to vertical and mesocale eddy diffusivities. The sensitivity of OHU to uncertainties in air‐sea fluxes and model parameters differs vastly across basins, with the Southern Ocean exhibiting strong sensitivity to air‐sea fluxes and model parameters. This study clearly demonstrates that model biases in air‐sea fluxes are one of the key sources of uncertainty in climate simulations.
Coseismic deformation and triggered landslides of the 2016 Mw 6.2 Amatrice earthquake in Italy
Authors: Huang Mong‐Han , Fielding Eric J. , Liang Cunren , Milillo Pietro , Bekaert David , Dreger Douglas , Salzer Jacqueline 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe Central Apennines in Italy have had multiple moderate‐size but damaging shallow earthquakes. In this study, we optimize the fault geometry and invert for fault slip based on coseismic GPS and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) for the 2016 Mw 6.2 Amatrice earthquake in Italy. Our results show that nearly all the fault slip occurred between 3 and 6 km depth but extends 20 km along strike. There was less than 4 cm static surface displacement at the town Amatrice where the most devastating damage occurred. Landslides triggered by earthquake ground shaking are not uncommon, but triggered landslides with submeter movement are challenging to be observed in the field. We find evidence of coseismically triggered deep‐seated landslides northwest and northeast of the epicenter where coseismic peak ground acceleration was estimated >0.5 g. By combining ascending and descending InSAR data, we are able to estimate the landslide thickness as at least 100 and 80 m near Monte Vettore and west of Castelluccio, respectively. The landslide near Monte Vettore terminates on the preexisting fault Monte Vettore Fault (MVEF) scarp. Our results imply that the long‐term fault slip rate of MVEF estimated based on paleoseismic studies could potentially have errors due to triggered landslides from nearby earthquake events.
IUVS echelle‐mode observations of interplanetary hydrogen: Standard for calibration and reference for cavity variations between Earth and Mars during MAVEN cruise
Authors: Mayyasi Majd , Clarke John , Quémerais Eric , Katushkina Olga , Bhattacharyya Dolon , Chaufray Jean‐Yves , Bertaux Jean‐Loup , McClintock Bill , Stewart Ian , Holsclaw Greg , Deighan Justin , Chaffin Michael , Schneider Nick , Jakosky Bruce 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe high‐resolution echelle mode of the Imaging Ultraviolet Spectrograph (IUVS) instrument on the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution mission has been designed to measure D and H Lyman α emissions from the Martian atmosphere to obtain key information about the physical processes by which water escapes into space. Toward this goal, the absolute calibration of the instrument is critical for determining the D and H densities, the D/H ratio, and the escape flux of water. The instrument made observations of interplanetary hydrogen (IPH) along multiple look directions and conducted several postlaunch calibration campaigns during cruise as well as during orbit around Mars. The calibration efforts monitored instrument degradation and produced a consistent calibration factor at the hydrogen Lyman α wavelength (121.567 nm). The instrument was calibrated with the diffuse emission of interplanetary hydrogen (IPH) as a standard candle using measurements and model results from the Solar Wind Anisotropies (SWAN) instrument. Validation of the calibrated instrument was made by (1) comparisons to simultaneous observations of the IPH made with the lower resolution FUV mode of the IUVS instrument that were independently calibrated by using standard stars and by (2) comparisons to same‐day observations of Mars at hydrogen Lyman α made with the Hubble Space Telescope that were calculated with a radiative transfer model. Adopted FUV mode values and Hubble Space Telescope‐based model results agreed with the echelle SWAN calibrated values to within 6% and 4%, respectively. The calibrated IUVS instrument can be used to interpret emissions of atmospheric species at Mars for insights into water evolution at the planet, as well as observed IPH measurements made during cruise for further insights into dynamics of the inner heliosphere.
Along‐arc variation in short‐term slow slip events caused by 3‐D fluid migration in subduction zones
Authors: Morishige M. , van Keken Peter E. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA strong correlation exists between the average slip rate by short‐term slow slip events (SSEs) and changes in the slab geometry in Cascadia and Nankai. The generation of short‐term SSEs is generally assumed to be related to the presence of fluids and we investigate the hypothesis that fluids released by metamorphic dehydration reactions migrate in 3‐D due to complex slab geometry. The associated along‐arc focusing of fluid flux is likely to cause higher average slip rate in certain patches. To test this hypothesis, we investigate how fluid migration is modified by along‐strike changes in slab geometry. We use a numerical model of two‐phase flow in subduction zones. In this model fluids migrate subparallel to the slab surface due to the anisotropic permeability inside a serpentinite layer just above the slab. In 3‐D, we find that fluids migrate in the maximum‐dip direction of the slab, rather than subparallel to the plate motion. As a result fluid paths concentrate with increasing porosity where the slab has a convex shape (and diverge with decreasing porosity where it has a concave shape). These results suggest that regions with a high average slip rate by short‐term SSEs in Cascadia and Nankai can be explained by 3‐D focusing of fluid migration. We predict a defocusing of fluids below the Kii Channel, Nankai, which may be the reason for the observed small slip by short‐term SSEs in this location.