bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Armed burglary: a marker for extreme instrumental violence
Authors: DeLisi Matt , Beauregard Eric , Mosley Hayden 
Published: January 2017

PurposeMost burglaries are property offenses yet some offenders perpetrate burglary for the purpose of violent instrumental crimes. Sexual burglars are distinct from non-sexual burglars because the former seek to rape or sexually abuse victims within the homes they burgle whereas the latter seek theft and material gain. It is unclear to what degree burglars who are armed with firearms or knives represent a type of sexual burglar, or perhaps a more severe type of offender who enters homes not merely to rape a victim, but to perhaps murder them as well. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on data from 790 felons in Florida,t-test and negative binomial regression models were used to compare armed burglars to offenders who were not convicted of armed burglary.FindingsCompared to offenders not convicted of armed burglary, armed burglars were involved in significantly more instrumental crimes of violence including first-degree murder, kidnapping, armed rape, armed robbery and assault with intent to murder. Armed burglary may be a marker of extreme instrumental violent offending and warrants further study.Originality/valueTo the authors’ knowledge, this is among the first studies of armed burglary offenders and adds understanding to the heterogeneity of burglary offenders and their criminal careers.
Maternal incarceration penalty: an examination of the effect of maternal conviction and incarceration on childhood delinquency
Authors: Sobba Kristen N. , Prochaska Brenda , Berthelot Emily 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
Several studies have reported the impact of paternal incarceration and criminal behavior on childhood delinquency; however, fewer studies have addressed the influence of maternal criminality on children’s behavioral outcomes. Integrating self-control and attachment theoretical frameworks, the purpose of this paper is to address the impact of mothers who have been stopped, arrested, convicted, and incarcerated in relation to their children’s delinquent behavior.

Design/methodology/approach
The Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing data set was used to better understand this relationship. By using binary logistic regression, two types of delinquent behavior were assessed: destroying property and fighting.

Findings
The results revealed that mothers’ criminal behavior affected children’s fighting tendencies but did not significantly impact children’s tendency to destroy property. Furthermore, certain childhood antisocial traits and demographic characteristics revealed to also impact children’s delinquent behavior. From the results, implications and prevention strategies were drawn describing techniques to combat delinquency.

Originality/value
This research lays a foundation for future researchers to explore mother-child attachment and the transmission of low self-control from mother to child in relation to criminality. The current research is one of the first studies to specifically address how maternal criminal behavior affects their children’s tendency to engage in delinquency, specifically examining property destruction and fighting.
Bacterial, fungal, and plant communities exhibit no biomass or compositional response to two years of simulated nitrogen deposition in a semiarid grassland
Authors: McHugh Theresa A. , Morrissey Ember M. , Mueller Rebecca C. , Gallegos‐Graves La Verne , Kuske Cheryl R. , Reed Sasha C. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryNitrogen (N) deposition affects myriad aspects of terrestrial ecosystem structure and function, and microbial communities may be particularly sensitive to anthropogenic N inputs. However, our understanding of N deposition effects on microbial communities is far from complete, especially for drylands where data are comparatively rare. To address the need for an improved understanding of dryland biological responses to N deposition, we conducted a two‐year fertilization experiment in a semiarid grassland on the Colorado Plateau in the southwestern United States. We evaluated effects of varied levels of N inputs on archaeal, bacterial, fungal and chlorophyte community composition within three microhabitats: biological soil crusts (biocrusts), soil below biocrusts, and the plant rhizosphere. Surprisingly, N addition did not affect the community composition or diversity of any of these microbial groups; however, microbial community composition varied significantly among sampling microhabitats. Further, while plant richness, diversity, and cover showed no response to N addition, there were strong linkages between plant properties and microbial community structure. Overall, these findings highlight the potential for some dryland communities to have limited biotic ability to retain augmented N inputs, possibly leading to large N losses to the atmosphere and to aquatic systems.
Sexual Homicide by Older Male Offenders
Authors: Myers Wade C. , Chan Heng Choon (Oliver) , Mariano Timothy Y. , Safarik Mark E. , Geberth Vernon J. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRecent research has expanded our understanding of sexual homicide offenders (SHOs). However, little exists beyond case reports for older SHOs. We characterized male SHOs ≥ 55 years, comparing them to typical adult male SHOs who are in their 20s. Analysis of 37 years (1976–2012) of US Supplementary Homicide Reports data provided a large SHO sample (N = 3453). Three case reports provide clinical context for the diverse nature and patterns of older SHOs. Only 32 older male SHOs and no older female SHOs were identified. Murders by older SHOs accounted for only 0.5% of US sexual homicides. Unlike typical SHOs that generally target young adult females, over two‐thirds of older SHO victims were ≥40 years, and one‐third were ≥55 years. Sexual homicides by older SHOs, like sexual homicide in general, decreased over the study period. These crimes, while exceedingly rare, do occur, warranting special consideration.
Optimising early neonatal nutrition using translational research methodology
Authors: Page Denise , Gilroy Melissa , Hurrion Elizabeth , Clark Lisa , Wilkinson Shelley 
Published: January 2017

AimPreterm birth has been described as a ‘nutritional emergency’, with these infants often born with minimal nutrition reserves. Failure to provide adequate early nutrition jeopardises growth and neurodevelopment. Consensual nutrition guidelines exist for infants who weigh <1500 g; however, audits have identified shortfalls in their adherence, consequently highlighting an evidence–practice gap. This work aimed to identify the barriers to the delivery of early optimal nutrition in a tertiary‐level Neonatal Critical Care Unit to inform an implementation project to ensure best practice care.MethodsA total of 19 medical and nursing staff participated in semistructured interviews. Transcripts underwent qualitative content analysis to examine barriers to early infant feeding. Barriers were categorised into domains from the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), and potential interventions were identified using evidence‐based strategy selection guides that articulates with the TDF.ResultsFour main themes, with associated sub‐themes, emerged, including: (i) Roles and responsibilities, (ii) decision making, (iii) disconnect between beliefs and the application of evidence and (iv) monitoring and awareness. Eight barrier ‘domains’ were identified using TDF—Knowledge; memory, attention and decision processes; skills; professional/social role and identity; beliefs about capabilities; beliefs about consequences; environmental context and resources; and social influences.ConclusionsUsing a systematic approach to analysing barriers to early nutrition and mapping through the TDF and behaviour change wheel, the most effective interventions to modify practice have been identified. These will be monitored in ongoing audits.
The significance of the washout period in preconditioning
Authors: Salie Ruduwaan , Lochner Amanda , Loubser Dirk J 
Published: January 2017

SummaryAimsExposure of the heart to 5 min global ischaemia (I) followed by 5 min reperfusion (R) (ischaemic preconditioning, IPC) or transient Beta 2‐adrenergic receptor (B2‐AR) stimulation with formoterol (B2PC), followed by 5 min washout before index ischaemia, elicits cardioprotection against subsequent sustained ischaemia. As the washout period during preconditioning is essential for subsequent cardioprotection, the aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of protein kinase A (PKA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK), PKB/Akt, p38 MAPK and c‐jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) during this period.MethodsIsolated perfused rat hearts were exposed to IPC (1x5min I / 5min R) or B2PC (1x5min Formoterol / 5min R) followed by 35 min regional ischaemia and reperfusion. Inhibitors for PKA (Rp‐8CPT‐cAMP)(16μM), ROS (NAC)(300μM), PKB (A‐6730)(2.5μM), ERKp44/p42 (PD98,059)(10μM), p38MAPK (SB239063)(1μM) or JNK (SP600125)(10μM) were administered for 5 minutes before 5 minutes global ischaemia / 5 min reperfusion (IPC) or for 5 minutes before and during administration of formoterol (B2PC) prior to regional ischaemia, reperfusion and infarct size (IS) determination. Hearts exposed to B2PC or IPC were freeze‐clamped during the washout period for Western blots analysis of PKB, ERKp44/p42, p38MAPK and JNK.ResultsThe PKA blocker abolished both B2PC and IPC, while NAC significantly increased IS of IPC but not of B2PC. Western blot analysis showed that ERKp44/p42 and PKB activation during washout after B2PC compared to IPC was significantly increased. IPC compared to B2PC showed significant p38MAPK and JNKp54/p46 activation. PKB and ERK inhibition or p38MAPK and JNK inhibition during the washout period of B2PC and IPC respectively, significantly increased IS.ConclusionPKA activation before regional ischaemia is a prerequisite for cardioprotection in both B2PC and IPC. However, ROS was crucial only in IPC. Kinase activation during the washout phase of IPC and B2PC, albeit different, affords the same cardioprotective response.
Influence of the alginate production on cell‐to‐cell communication in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1
Authors: Yang Jiayue , Toyofuku Masanori , Sakai Ryosuke , Nomura Nobuhiko 
Published: January 2017

SummaryMany bacteria communicate with each other through signalling molecules, a process known as cell‐to‐cell communication. During this process, it is important for the signalling molecules to: (1) reach the target cells; and (2) to be received by the cognate receptor. Barriers such as the presence of extracellular matrix may prevent signals from reaching their targets; however, the influence of the extracellular matrix on cell‐to‐cell communication has scarcely been studied. Here, we demonstrate that the overproduction of an extracellular matrix, alginate, in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa mucoid variant, alters cell‐to‐cell communication by interfering with the response to quinolone signals while having no effect on N‐acyl‐L‐homoserine lactones. The inhibition of quinolone signalling by alginate is limited to the alginate overproducer and has no effect on neighbour cells that do not produce alginate. Our study indicates that alginate overproduction affects the cell‐to‐cell communication of the mucoid variant, which may results in different downstream behaviours when it emerges in the presence of the wild‐type (WT).
Evidence of Manager Intervention to Avoid Working Capital Deficits
Authors: Dyreng Scott D. , Mayew William J. , Schipper Katherine 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe study managers’ interventions in financial reporting by examining working capital deficits, measured as current ratios less than 1.0. Current ratios represent important balance sheet liquidity indicators to lenders and creditors, and have an identifiable and naturally occurring reference point at 1.0, analogous to the profit/loss income statement reference point. We find that distributions of reported current ratios of both U.S. and non‐U.S. firms exhibit a discontinuity at 1.0. For U.S. firms, we find that the discontinuity increases with exogenous increases in the cost of credit in the economy, and that determinants of the likelihood to achieve a given current ratio are diagnostic precisely at the 1.0 discontinuity location but not at other nearby locations in the current ratio distribution. U.S. firms that avoid working capital deficits report lower proportions of inventory and higher proportions of accounts receivable in current assets and, when credit is tight, higher proportions of cash, consistent with managers increasing sales volume so as to capitalize profit margins and thereby increase current assets. For non‐U.S. firms, the discontinuity is more pronounced for observations from common law countries, a proxy for jurisdictions where financial reports are more intended to provide decision‐useful information. The evidence suggests that managers intervene to achieve a balance sheet reporting objective that stems from stakeholder use of reference points.
Strain‐Dependent Effects of Acute Alcohol on Synaptic Vesicle Recycling and Post‐Tetanic Potentiation in Medial Glutamate Inputs to the Mouse Basolateral Amygdala
Authors: Gioia Dominic A. , McCool Brian 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundInbred mouse strains are differentially sensitive to the acute effects of ethanol (EtOH) and are useful tools for examining how unique genomes differentially affect alcohol‐related behaviors and physiology. DBA/2J mice have been shown to be sensitive to the acute anxiolytic effects of alcohol as well as the anxiogenic effects of withdrawal from chronic alcohol exposure, while B6 mice are resistant to both. Considering that the basolateral amygdala (BLA) is an important brain region for the acute and chronic effects of EtOH on fear and anxiety related behaviors, we hypothesized that there would be strain‐dependent differences in the acute effects of EtOH in BLA slices.MethodsWe utilized patch clamp electrophysiology in BLA coronal slices from 4 inbred mouse strains (A/J, BALBcJ, C57BL/6J, and DBA/2J) to examine how genetic background influences acute EtOH effects on synaptic vesicle recycling and post‐tetanic potentiation (PTP) in response to low (2 Hz)‐ and high (40 Hz)‐frequency stimulation.ResultsWe found that EtOH inhibited synaptic vesicle recycling in a strain‐ and stimulation frequency‐dependent manner. Vesicle recycling in DBA/2J and BALBcJ cells was inhibited by acute EtOH during both low‐ and high‐frequency stimulation, while recycling measured from A/J cells was sensitive only during high‐frequency stimulation. Recycling at C57BL/6J synapses was insensitive to EtOH regardless of stimulation frequency. We additionally found that cells from DBA/2J and BALBcJ mice were sensitive to EtOH‐mediated inhibition of PTP.ConclusionsAcute EtOH application inhibited vesicle recycling and PTP at glutamatergic synapses in both a strain‐ and frequency‐dependent fashion. Several presynaptic proteins that contribute to synaptic vesicle priming in addition to PTP have been implicated in alcohol‐related behaviors, including Munc13, Munc18, and RIM proteins, making them potential candidates for the molecular mechanism controlling these effects.
Women's empowerment in agriculture: Implications for technical efficiency in rural Bangladesh
Authors: Seymour Greg 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAlthough a great deal of research exists on gender and agriculture, few studies investigate the implications of reduced gender disparities in households for technical efficiency. In this article, I compare the levels of technical efficiency achieved on plots operated by households with different levels of gender disparities. Using plot‐level data from the 2011–2012 Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey and drawing on indicators derived from the Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index, I estimate a stochastic frontier production function model, which includes women's empowerment in agriculture as an exogenous determinant of technical inefficiency. I find that reduced gender disparities within households (measured in terms of the empowerment gap between spouses) are associated with higher levels of technical efficiency. This result extends to plots that women jointly manage with their spouses, as well as those that women do not actively manage.
The effectiveness of environment assessment tools to guide refurbishment of Australian residential aged care facilities: A systematic review
Authors: Neylon Samantha , Bulsara Caroline , Hill Anne‐Marie 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveTo determine applicability of environment assessment tools in guiding minor refurbishments of Australian residential aged care facilities.MethodStudies conducted in residential aged care settings using assessment tools which address the physical environment were eligible for inclusion in a systematic review. Given these studies are limited, tools which have not yet been utilised in research settings were also included. Tools were analysed using a critical appraisal screen.ResultsForty‐three publications met the inclusion criteria. Ten environment assessment tools were identified, of which four addressed all seven minor refurbishment domains of lighting, colour and contrast, sound, flooring, furniture, signage and way finding. Only one had undergone reliability and validity testing.ConclusionThere are four tools which may be suitable to use for minor refurbishment of Australian residential aged care facilities. Data on their reliability, validity and quality are limited.
Short‐term outcome of total clipless laparoscopic cholecystectomy for complicated gallbladder stones in cirrhotic patients
Authors: Kassem Mohamed I. , Hassouna Ehab M. 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundCirrhotic patients have been known to be more affected with gallstones than their non‐cirrhotic counterparts; since laparoscopy was introduced, it has been generally approved as the standard approach for cholecystectomies with the exception of end‐stage cirrhosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of clipless laparoscopic cholecystectomy using the harmonic scalpel in complicated cholelithiasis in cirrhotic patients.MethodsThis prospective study was conducted on 62 cirrhotic patients presenting to the Gastrointestinal Surgery Unit in Alexandria Main University Hospital with complicated gallstones between March 2013 and March 2016. Both intraoperative time and blood loss were calculated in addition to rates of conversion to open cholecystectomy, morbidity and mortality.ResultsMost of our cases were females with a ratio of 1.7:1, with a mean age of 45.21 years, ranging from 25 to 65 years. The most common cause of cirrhotic liver was hepatitis C in 45.1% of patients. Among the 62 patients included in the study, 56 patients (90.3%) were presenting with acute cholecystitis and six patients were operated at the onset of acute biliary pancreatitis. The mean operative time was 72.9 min with mean blood loss 45.45 mL.ConclusionThe study concluded safety of total clipless laparoscopic cholecystectomy using a harmonic scalpel in Child A and B type cirrhotic patients, who presented with complicated gallstones.
AN ESTIMATION OF WORKER AND FIRM EFFECTS WITH CENSORED DATA
Authors: González de San Román Ainara , Rebollo‐Sanz Yolanda F. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we develop a new estimation method that is suitable for censored models with two high dimensional fixed effects and that is based on a sequence of least squares regressions, yielding significant savings in computing time and hence making it applicable to frameworks in which standard estimation techniques become unfeasible. We propose to apply this estimation method to investigate the role of firms in individual wage variation. Using a longitudinal match employer‐employee dataset from Spain, we show that the analysis of wage determination can be misleading when wages are censored. In particular, the role of firm wage policies in wage dispersion is overestimated by more than ten percentage points, while the role of time‐invariant individual characteristics is underestimated by fifteen percentage points. Hence, controlling for censored wages appears to reinforce the idea that when explaining individual wage dispersion, what workers ‘are’ is more important than what workers ‘do’.
Association between obesity and heart failure symptoms in male and female patients
Authors: Heo S. , Moser D. K. , Pressler S. J. , Dunbar S. B. , Lee K. S. , Kim J. , Lennie T. A. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryIn patients with heart failure (HF), higher body mass index (BMI) has been associated with lower rates of hospitalization and mortality (obesity paradox). Symptoms are antecedents of hospitalizations, but little is known about the relationship between BMI and symptoms and gender differences. To examine the association of BMI with symptoms in male and female patients with HF, controlling for covariates (sample characteristics, depressive symptoms and sodium intake). In this cross‐sectional correlational study, patients (N = 247) provided data on BMI, symptoms and covariates. BMI was categorized into four groups: normal/underweight (<25 kg/m2), overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2), obese I (30–34.9 kg/m2) and obese II/III (≥35 kg/m2). General linear regression was used to analyse the data. The Obese II/III group had more severe HF symptoms than other groups only in male patients. In male patients, older age, Caucasian race, more comorbidities and more severe depressive symptoms were also associated with more severe symptoms. In female patients, more severe depressive symptoms, more comorbidities and higher sodium intake were associated with more severe symptoms. The obesity paradox does not fully extend to symptoms, and gender has a role in the relationship between obesity and symptoms.
Pharmacological approach to understanding the control of insulin secretion in human islets
Authors: Henquin Jean‐Claude , Dufrane Denis , Gmyr Valery , Kerr‐Conte Julie , Nenquin Myriam 
Published: January 2017

AimsTo understand better the control of insulin secretion by human β cells and to identify similarities to and differences from rodent models.MethodsDynamic insulin secretion was measured in perifused human islets treated with pharmacological agents of known modes of action.ResultsGlucokinase activation (Ro28‐1675) lowered the glucose threshold for stimulation of insulin secretion to 1 mmol/L (G1), augmented the response to G3‐G5 but not to G8‐G15, whereas tolbutamide remained active in G20, which indicates that not all KATP channels were closed by high glucose concentrations. An almost 2‐fold greater response to G15 than to supramaximal tolbutamide in G3 or to KCl+diazoxide in G15 vs G3 quantified the contribution of metabolic amplification to insulin secretion. Both disruption (latrunculin‐B) and stabilization (jasplakinolide) of microfilaments augmented insulin secretion without affecting metabolic amplification. Tolbutamide‐induced insulin secretion was consistently greater in G10 than G3, with a threshold at 1 and maximum at 10 µmol/L tolbutamide in G10, vs 10 and 25 µmol/L in G3. Sulphonylurea effects were thus clearly glucose‐dependent. Insulin secretion was also increased by inhibiting K channels other than KATP
channels: Kv or BK channels (tetraethylammonium), TASK‐1 channels (ML‐365) and SK4 channels (TRAM‐34). Opening KATP
channels with diazoxide inhibited glucose‐induced insulin secretion with half maximum inhibitory concentrations of 9.6 and 24 µmol/L at G7 and G15. Blockade of L‐type Ca channels (nimodipine) abolished insulin secretion, whereas a blocker of T‐type Ca channels (NNC‐55‐0396) was ineffective at specific concentrations. Blockade of Na channels (tetrodotoxin) did not affect glucose‐induced insulin secretion.ConclusionsIn addition to sharing a KATP channel‐dependent triggering pathway and a metabolic amplifying pathway, human and rodent β cells were found to display more similarities than differences in the control of insulin secretion.