bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of multimodal therapy in locally recurrent rectal cancer
Authors: You Y N , Skibber J M , Hu C-Y , Crane C H , Das P , Kopetz E S , Eng C , Feig B W , Rodriguez-Bigas M A , Chang G J 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Background
The practice of salvaging recurrent rectal cancer has evolved. The aim of this study was to define the evolving salvage potential over time among patients with locally recurrent disease, and to identify durable determinants of long-term success.

Methods
The study included consecutive patients with recurrent rectal cancer undergoing multimodal salvage with curative intent between 1988 and 2012. Predictors of long-term survival were defined by Cox regression analysis and compared over time. Re-recurrence and subsequent treatments were evaluated.

Results
After multidisciplinary evaluation of 229 patients, salvage therapy with curative intent included preoperative chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy (73·4 per cent; with 41·3 per cent undergoing repeat pelvic irradiation), surgical salvage resection with or without intraoperative irradiation (36·2 per cent), followed by postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (38·0 per cent). Multivisceral resection was undertaken in 47·2 per cent and bone resection in 29·7 per cent. The R0 resection rate was 80·3 per cent. After a median follow-up of 56·5 months, the 5-year overall survival rate was 50 per cent in 2005–2012, markedly increased from 32 per cent in 1988–1996 (P = 0·044). Long-term success was associated with R0 resection (P = 0·017) and lack of secondary failure (P = 0·003). Some 125 patients (54·6 per cent) developed further recurrence at a median of 19·4 months after salvage surgery. Repeat operative rescue was feasible in 21 of 48 patients with local re-recurrence alone and in 17 of 77 with distant re-recurrence, with a median survival of 19·8 months after further recurrence.

Conclusion
The long-term salvage potential for recurrent rectal cancer improved significantly over time, with the introduction of an individualized treatment algorithm of multimodal treatments and surgical salvage. Durable predictors of long-term success were R0 resection at salvage operation, avoidance of secondary failure, and feasibility of repeat rescue after re-recurrence.
Outcome of hypocalcaemia after thyroidectomy treated only in symptomatic patients
Authors: Järhult J , Landerholm K 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Background
Calcium supplementation has been proposed after bilateral thyroid surgery, either to all patients or to those with biochemical hypocalcaemia. It has also been suggested that supplementation aids parathyroid recovery and prevents permanent hypoparathyroidism. This single-centre study investigated the feasibility of a restrictive management of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia.

Methods
Serum calcium was checked before surgery, on postoperative day 1 (POD) 1, at a follow-up visit 6–8 weeks after surgery and after a minimum of 12 months in all patients. Regardless of serum calcium levels, patients with symptoms of hypocalcaemia were prescribed oral calcium supplementation (0·5–1·0 g twice daily) and asymptomatic patients were not. Asymptomatic patients were informed about hypocalcaemic symptoms and instructed to contact the surgical ward should symptoms appear.

Results
Some 640 patients underwent bilateral thyroid surgery without previous or intentional simultaneous parathyroidectomy. A subnormal serum calcium level (below 2·15 mmol/l) was observed in 412 patients (64·4 per cent) on POD 1. By comparison, only 63 patients (9·8 per cent) experienced symptoms of hypocalcaemia in the postoperative period, all but one with a corresponding biochemical hypocalcaemia on POD 1. Calcium levels in all patients with asymptomatic postoperative hypocalcaemia recovered to normal without supplementation. Serum calcium was also normalized during follow-up in all symptomatic patients, except 22 (3·4 per cent) who became permanently hypoparathyroid. No patient without early hypocalcaemic symptoms developed permanent hypoparathyroidism.

Conclusion
The proposed restrictive management of postoperative hypocalcaemia after bilateral thyroid surgery avoids unnecessary supplementation for most patients.
A transient awakening of a patient with Alzheimer's disease that questions our practice
Authors: Bloch Frédéric 
Published: March 2016

Key Clinical MessageImprovements are not usually described in the natural history of degenerative dementia. It seems possible to find the normal workings of impaired learning and lost long‐term memories that appeared to be permanently altered after severe neurodegeneration and synaptic loss. The activation of these programs seems to represent the basis of the dysfunction, rather than the program itself.
Olmesartan‐induced enteropathy associated with cutaneous lesions
Authors: Hammoudi Nassim , Dior Marie , Giraud Vincent , Coffin Benoit 
Published: March 2016

Key Clinical MessageOlmesartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist which may cause severe sprue‐like enteropathy with duodenal villous atrophy. Skin lesions may be associated as reported for the first time in our case. Clinicians should be informed of this side effect and its reversibility after suspension of the drug.
Synthesis and Characterization of New Conjugated Fluorenyl‐Porphyrin Dendrimers for Optics
Authors: Yao Dandan , Zhang Xu , Mongin Olivier , Paul Frédéric , Paul‐Roth Christine O. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA new family of conjugated meso‐tetraphenylporphyrin‐based dendrimers with four (TPP1, TPP2), eight (TPP3, TPP4, TPP5) and up to sixteen (TPP6) fluorenyl groups has been synthesized and fully characterized. These tetraphenylporphyrin‐cored dendrimers present peripheral alkynyl π‐conjugated dendrons with fluorenyl termini. The meso‐aryl rings of these porphyrins are functionalized either in para‐ (TPP1, TPP2, and TPP3) or meta‐positions (TPP4, TPP5, and TPP6). Their detailed luminescence properties are discussed in reference to two porphyrins lacking fluorenyl dendrons (TPP‐H1,2,3 and TPP‐H4,5,6). A strong dependence of their luminescence quantum yield and lifetime on their structures is stated, their nonlinear optical properties were also discussed.
Rhodium(II)‐Catalyzed and Thermally Induced Intramolecular Migration of N‐Sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles: New Approaches to 1,2‐Dihydroisoquinolines and 1‐Indanones
Authors: Sun Run , Jiang Yu , Tang Xiang‐Ying , Shi Min 
Published: March 2016

AbstractNew rhodium(II)‐catalyzed or thermally induced intramolecular alkoxy group migration of N‐sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles has been developed, affording divergent synthesis of 1,2‐dihydroisoquinoline and 1‐indanone derivatives according to different conditions. N‐Sulfonyl keteneimine is the key intermediate for the synthesis of dihydroisoquinoline, whereas the aza‐vinyl carbene intermediate results in the formation of 1‐indanone.
Spontaneous Double Hydrometallation Induced by N→M Coordination in Organometallic Hydrides of Group 14 Elements
Authors: Novák Miroslav , Dostál Libor , Turek Jan , Alonso Mercedes , De Proft Frank , Růžička Aleš , Jambor Roman 
Published: March 2016

AbstractOur attempts to synthesise N→M intramolecularly coordinated diorganometallic hydrides L2MH2 [M=Si (4), Ge (5), Sn (6)] containing the CH=N imine group (in which L is C,N‐chelating ligand {2‐[(2,6‐iPr2C6H3)N=CH]C6H4}−) yielded 1,1′‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)‐2,2′‐spriobi[benzo[c][1,2]azasilole] (7), 1,1′‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)‐2,2′‐spriobi[benzo[c][1,2]azagermole] (8) and C,N‐chelated homoleptic stannylene L2Sn (10), respectively. Compounds 7 and 8 are an outcome of a spontaneous double hydrometallation of the two CH=N imine moieties induced by N→M intramolecular coordination (M=Si, Ge) in the absence of any catalyst. In contrast, the diorganotin hydride L2SnH2 (6) is redox‐unstable and the reduction of the tin centre with the elimination of H2 provided the C,N‐chelated homoleptic stannylene L2Sn (10). Compounds 7 and 8 were characterised by NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction analysis. Because the proposed N→M intramolecularly coordinated diorganometallic hydrides L2MH2 [M=Si (4), Ge (5), Sn (6)] revealed two different types of reduction reactions, DFT calculations were performed to gain an insight into the structures and bonding of the non‐isolable diorganometallic hydrides as well as the products of their subsequent reactions. Furthermore, the thermodynamic profiles of the different reaction pathways with respect to the central metal atom were also investigated.
Expansion of the Concept of Nonlinear Effects in Catalytic Reactions Beyond Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Pollice Robert , Schnürch Michael 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe observation and investigation of nonlinear effects in catalytic reactions provides valuable mechanistic insight. However, the applicability of this method was, until now, limited to molecules possessing chirality and therefore to asymmetric synthesis. The concept of nonlinear effects is expanded to catalytic reactions beyond asymmetric catalysis by using derivatives instead of enantiomers and by considering rates instead of enantiomeric excess. Additionally, its systematic application to investigate the mechanism of catalytic reactions is presented. By exceeding the limitation to asymmetric reactions, the study of nonlinear effects can become a general tool to elucidate reaction mechanisms.
The Double‐Bond Configuration of Corynanthean Alkaloids and Its Impact on Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloid Biosynthesis
Authors: Eckermann Ruben , Gaich Tanja 
Published: March 2016

AbstractExperimental evidence is provided for the coherence of the double‐bond geometry and the occurrence of “secondary cyclizations” in the biosynthesis of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids. Biosynthetically, akuammiline, C‐mavacurine, and Strychnos alkaloids are proposed to be derived from the corynanthean alkaloid geissoschizine, a key intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of these monoterpenoid indole alkaloids. This process occurs by so‐called “secondary cyclizations” from geissoschizine or its derivatives. Although corynanthean alkaloids like geissoschizine incorporate E or Z double bonds located at C19–C20, the alkaloids downstream in the biosynthesis exclusively exhibit the E double bond. This study shows that secondary cyclizations preferentially occur with the E isomer of geissoschizine or its derivatives. This is attributed to the flexibility of the quinolizidine system of the corynanthean alkaloids, which can adopt a cis or trans conformation. For the secondary cyclization to take place, the cis‐quinolizidine conformation is required. Experimental evidence supports the hypothesis that the E double bond of geissoschizine induces the cis conformation, whereas the Z double bond induces the trans conformation, which prohibits secondary cyclization of the Z compounds.
Enhancing Metal–Support Interactions by Molybdenum Carbide: An Efficient Strategy toward the Chemoselective Hydrogenation of α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes
Authors: He Sina , Shao Zheng‐Jiang , Shu Yijin , Shi Zhangping , Cao Xiao‐Ming , Gao Qingsheng , Hu Peijun , Tang Yi 
Published: March 2016

AbstractMetal–support interactions are desired to optimize the catalytic turnover on metals. Herein, the enhanced interactions by using a Mo2C nanowires support were utilized to modify the charge density of an Ir surface, accomplishing the selective hydrogenation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes on negatively charged Irδ− species. The combined experimental and theoretical investigations showed that the Irδ− species derive from the higher work function of Ir (vs. Mo2C) and the consequently electron transfer. In crotonaldehyde hydrogenation, Ir/Mo2C delivered a crotyl alcohol selectivity as high as 80 %, outperforming those of counterparts (<30 %) on silica. Moreover, such electronic metal–support interactions were also confirmed for Pt and Au, as compared with which, Ir/Mo2C was highlighted by its higher selectivity as well as the better activity. Additionally, the efficacy for various substrates further verified our Ir/Mo2C system to be competitive for chemoselective hydrogenation.
Spatially Directional Resorcin[4]arene Cavitand Glycoconjugates for Organic Catalysis
Authors: Husain Ali A. , Maknenko Arthur M. , Bisht Kirpal S. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of novel spatially directional multivalent resorcin[4]arene cavitand glycoconjugates (RCGs) and their ability to catalyze organic reactions is reported. The β‐d‐glucopyranoside moieties on the upper rim of the “bowl”‐shaped resorcin[4]arene cavitand core are capable of multiple hydrogen‐bond interactions resulting in a pseudo‐cavity, which has been investigated for organic transformations in aqueous media. The RCGs have been demonstrated to catalyze thiazole formation, thiocyanation, copper(I)‐catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), and Mannich reactions; they impart stereoselectivity in the three‐component Mannich reaction. Thermodynamic values obtained from 1H diffusion‐ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) experiments suggest that the upper saccharide cavity of the RCG and not the resorcin[4]arene cavity is the site of the complexation event.
A Convenient Palladium‐Catalyzed Reductive Carbonylation of Aryl Iodides with Dual Role of Formic Acid
Authors: Qi Xinxin , Li Chong‐Liang , Wu Xiao‐Feng 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed reductive carbonylation of aryl halides represents a straightforward pathway for the synthesis of aromatic aldehydes. The known reductive carbonylation procedures either require CO gas or complexed compounds as CO sources. In this communication, we developed a palladium‐catalyzed reductive carbonylation of aryl iodides with formic acid as the formyl source. As a convenient, practical, and environmental friendly methodology, no additional silane or H2 was required. A variety of aromatic aldehydes were isolated in moderate to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. Notably, this is the first procedure on using formic acid as the formyl source.
Catalytic Asymmetric Prins Bicyclization for the endo‐Selective Formation of 2,6‐dioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octanes
Authors: Liu Jie , Zhou Lijun , Wang Chao , Liang Demin , Li Zhiming , Zou Yue , Wang Quanrui , Goeke Andreas 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA new Lewis acid‐catalyzed endo‐selective Prins bicyclization of γ,δ‐unsaturated aldehydes or ketones with a broad range of aldehydes to dioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octanes is disclosed. When using a chiral BINOL‐derived N‐triflylphosphoramide (NTPA) as catalyst and glyoxylate esters as substrates, the cross‐dimerization afford functionalized bicyclic acetals with excellent diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities.
Hydrierung von Diethylsuccinat zu γ‐Butyrolacton, 1,4‐Butandiol und Tetrahydrofuran
Authors: Stein Jürgen , Kabasci Stephan 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Verknappung der fossilen Ressourcen erfordert die Suche nach alternativen Edukten für die Produktion von wichtigen Grundchemikalien. Diethylsuccinat auf Basis von biobasierter Bernsteinsäure kann als erneuerbare Alternative zu fossilen Rohstoffen für die Herstellung von γ‐Butyrolacton, 1,4‐Butandiol und Tetrahydrofuran eingesetzt werden. Kommerziell erhältliche ZnO‐freie Kupferkatalysatoren in einem Festbettreaktor zeigen eine vielversprechende Selektivität zu C4‐Produkten, wobei 1,4‐Butandiol an sauren Katalysatorbestandteilen wie Aluminium‐ und Zirconiumoxid zu Tetrahydrofuran dehydratisiert wird.
Quantitative Online NMR Spectroscopy in a Nutshell
Authors: Zientek Nicolai , Meyer Klas , Kern Simon , Maiwald Michael 
Published: March 2016

AbstractOnline NMR spectroscopy is an excellent tool to study complex reacting multicomponent mixtures and gain process insight and understanding. For online studies under process conditions, flow NMR probes can be used in a wide range of temperature and pressure. This paper compiles the most important aspects towards quantitative process NMR spectroscopy in complex multicomponent mixtures and provides examples. After NMR spectroscopy is introduced as an online method and for technical samples without sample preparation in deuterated solvents, influences of the residence time distribution, pre‐magnetization, and cell design are discussed. NMR acquisition and processing parameters as well as data preparation methods are presented and the most practical data analysis strategies are introduced.
Dispergierung und Eigenschaften von Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Dresel Alexander , Teipel Ulrich 
Published: March 2016

AbstractCarbon Nanotubes (CNTs) müssen für viele Anwendungen in Fluiden dispergiert werden, wofür das CNT‐Wechselwirkungsverhalten wesentlich ist. Um CNT/Fluid‐Wechselwirkungen zu beschreiben wurde das Benetzungsverhalten durch Kontaktwinkelmessungen mittels Sorptionsverfahren charakterisiert. Daraus wurde die Oberflächenenergie nach Owens und Wendt abgeleitet. Mithilfe der Oberflächenenergie konnte die CNT‐Dispergierbarkeit beschrieben werden, wobei eine gute Dispergierung erreicht wurde, wenn der disperse und polare Anteil der Oberflächenenergie von Feststoff und Flüssigkeit ähnlich waren.
Supply management for major sport events: The case of the 2010 Vancouver Olympic Games
Authors: Tchokogué André , Nollet Jean , Beaulieu Laurence 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn examining the 2010 Vancouver Olympic Games (OG), we show that supply management in major sports events (MSEs) has interesting characteristics both in terms of operationalization and resources required. We show that while supply managers must consider local development, they cannot lose sight of efficiency in delivering on other objectives. The multifaceted nature of supply, which includes sponsorship, value in kind, and so forth, requires specific supply management approaches for each stage of the OG management lifecycle. Specifically, supply management differs from other business contexts in three main areas: (a) supplier identification and selection; (b) contract negotiation and the process of acquiring goods; (c) supplier relationship management. Copyright © 2016 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The application of somatic CRISPR‐Cas9 to conditional genome editing in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Li Wei , Ou Guangshuo 
Published: March 2016

SummaryForward and reverse genetic approaches have been well developed in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans; however, efficient genetic tools to generate conditional gene mutations are still in high demand. Recently, the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (CRISPR‐Cas9) system for genome modification has provided an additional tool for C. elegans researchers to achieve simple and efficient conditional targeted mutagenesis. Here, we review recent advances in the somatic expression of Cas9 endonuclease for conditional gene editing. We present some practical considerations for improving the efficiency and reducing the off‐target effects of somatic CRISPR‐Cas9 and highlight a strategy to analyze somatic mutation at single‐cell resolution. Finally, we outline future applications and consider challenges for this emerging genome editing platform that will need to be addressed in the future. genesis, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. genesis 54:170–181, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effect of causal parameter bounds in PSHA‐based ground motion selection
Authors: Tarbali Karim , Bradley Brendon A. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryIn this paper the effect of causal parameter bounds (e.g. magnitude, source‐to‐site distance, and site condition) on ground motion selection, based on probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) results, is investigated. Despite the prevalent application of causal parameter bounds in ground motion selection, present literature on the topic is cast in the context of a scenario earthquake of interest, and thus specific bounds for use in ground motion selection based on PSHA, and the implications of such bounds, is yet to be examined. Thirty‐six PSHA cases, which cover a wide range of causal rupture deaggregation distributions and site conditions, are considered to empirically investigate the effects of various causal parameter bounds on the characteristics of selected ground motions based on the generalized conditional intensity measure (GCIM) approach. It is demonstrated that the application of relatively ‘wide’ bounds on causal parameters effectively removes ground motions with drastically different characteristics with respect to the target seismic hazard and results in an improved representation of the target causal parameters. In contrast, the use of excessively ‘narrow’ bounds can lead to ground motion ensembles with a poor representation of the target intensity measure distributions, typically as a result of an insufficient number of prospective ground motions. Quantitative criteria for specifying bounds for general PSHA cases are provided, which are expected to be sufficient in the majority of problems encountered in ground motion selection for seismic demand analyses. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using an interlaboratory study to revise methods for conducting 10-d to 42-d water or sediment toxicity tests with Hyalella azteca
Authors: Ivey Chris D. , Ingersoll Chris G. , Brumbaugh William G. , Hammer Edward J. , Mount Dave R. , Hockett J. Russell , Norberg-King Teresa J. , Soucek Dave , Taylor Lisa 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Studies have been conducted to refine US Environmental Protection Agency, ASTM International, and Environment Canada standard methods for conducting 42-d reproduction tests with Hyalella azteca in water or in sediment. Modifications to the H. azteca method include better-defined ionic composition requirements for exposure water (i.e., &gt;15 mg/L of chloride and &gt;0.02 mg/L of bromide) and improved survival, growth, and reproduction with alternate diets provided as increased rations over time in water-only or whole-sediment toxicity tests. A total of 24 laboratories volunteered to participate in the present interlaboratory study evaluating the performance of H. azteca in 42-d studies in control sand or control sediment using the refined methods. Improved growth and reproduction of H. azteca was observed with 2 alternate diets of 1) ramped diatoms (Thalassiosira weissflogii) + ramped Tetramin or 2) yeast–cerophyll–trout chow (YCT) + ramped Tetramin, especially when compared with results from the traditional diet of 1.8 mg YCT/d. Laboratories were able to meet proposed test acceptability criteria and in most cases had lower variation in growth or reproduction compared with previous interlaboratory studies using the traditional YCT diet. Laboratory success in conducting 42-d H. azteca exposures benefited from adherence to several key requirements of the detailed testing, culturing, and handling methods. Results from the present interlaboratory study are being used to help revise standard methods for conducting 10-d to 42-d water or sediment toxicity exposures with H. azteca. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2439–2447. © 2016 SETAC