bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remarks on the light ring images and the optical appearance of hairy black holes in Einstein–Maxwell-dilaton gravity
Authors: Promsiri Chatchai , Horinouchi Weerawit , Hirunsirisawat Ekapong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe behaviors of null geodesics in the spherical symmetric black holes in Einstein–Maxwell-dilaton (EMD) theory with coupling function $$f(\Phi )=e^{-2\alpha \Phi }$$

f

(
Φ
)

=

e

-
2
α
Φ

are meticulously analyzed. We investigate the effects of coupling constant $$\alpha $$
α
on the effective potential of photon trajectories within three ranges, namely $$0<\alpha <1$$

0
<
α
<
1

, $$\alpha =1$$

α
=
1

and $$\alpha >1$$

α
>
1

. We find that the thicknesses of lensing and photon rings are smaller at larger $$\alpha $$
α
and fixed electric charge in the unit of mass q, whereas they are larger at fixed $$\alpha $$
α
and larger q. This behavior can be described by using the angular Lyapunov exponent $$\gamma $$
γ
in the vicinity of the critical curve. Remarkably, the behaviors of photon trajectories are found to be more interesting when $$\alpha >1$$

α
>
1

. Namely, the radius of the black hole shadow $$R_\text {s}$$

R
s

becomes to be smaller than the photon sphere radius $$r_\text {ph}$$

r
ph

when $$\alpha > 1$$

α
>
1

and $$q>q^*$$

q
>

q
∗

. Moreover, $$R_\text {s}$$

R
s

goes to zero as q saturates the extremal limit, beyond which the photon orbit becomes absent. Furthermore, we construct the optical appearance of black holes surrounded by optically and geometrically thin accretion disk with three cases of Gralla–Lupsasca–Marrone (GLM) emission profile. Our results indicate that the observed flux originating from the lensing and photon rings exhibits suppression as $$\alpha $$
α
increases, while it undergoes amplification with the increasing parameter q.
Perceived Barriers of Clinical Roles Towards Intensive Care Unit Mobility
Authors: Aljohani Hassan Y. , Alammar Shahad , Alnawmasi Shoug , Alfawzan Riham , Alotaibi Nouf , Mumenah Noora , Alruwaili Arwa , Algrani Saleh S. , Alotaibi Tareq F. , Alqahtani Mobarak K. , Alqahtani Mohammed M. , Alanazi Abdullah M. , Ismaeil Taha , Almalki Sarah , Alotaibi Jassas 
Published: September 2024

Background: There is overwhelming evidence of improved patient outcomes as a result of early mobilization in the intensive care unit (ICU). However, several barriers of ICU mobility remain understated with reference to clinical roles. The purpose of this study is to investigate the perceived barriers of early mobility of critically ill patients among ICU healthcare providers.Methods: In this cross‐sectional study, the Mobilization Attitudes and Beliefs Survey (PMABS‐ICU) was administered to ICU healthcare providers using an online survey. The study investigated barriers related to knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding ICU mobility practices. These barriers were compared among different ICU clinical roles.Results: The survey yielded a total number of 214 healthcare providers with 41% female and 59% male. Respiratory therapists reported the highest perceived barriers to ICU mobility (M 39, IQR 36, 43) % compared to physical therapists (who reported the lowest barriers), occupational therapists, nurses, and physicians (p ≤ 0.05). ICU healthcare providers’ behavior towards ICU mobility such as perceived benefits and safety is ranked as the primary barrier (M 49, IQR 42, 52) %. Professional experience did not significantly vary among all groups.Conclusion: Our findings highlight that ICU healthcare providers’ perceptions, including both potential benefits and safety concerns regarding mobility, are significant barriers to implement mobility practices. ICU mobility barriers should be tackled by providing education and training. A focused effort to include RTs and nurses could advance interdisciplinary ICU mobility practice and reduce associated barriers.
Increased RNA and Protein Degradation Is Required for Counteracting Transcriptional Burden and Proteotoxic Stress in Human Aneuploid Cells
Authors: Ippolito Marica Rosaria , Zerbib Johanna , Eliezer Yonatan , Reuveni Eli , Viganò Sonia , De Feudis Giuseppina , Shulman Eldad D. , Savir Kadmon Anouk , Slutsky Rachel , Chang Tiangen , Campagnolo Emma M. , Taglietti Silvia , Scorzoni Simone , Gianotti Sara , Martin Sara , Muenzner Julia , Mülleder Michael , Rozenblum Nir , Rubolino Carmela , Ben-Yishay Tal , Laue Kathrin , Cohen-Sharir Yael , Vigorito Ilaria , Nicassio Francesco , Ruppin Eytan , Ralser Markus , Vazquez Francisca , Santaguida Stefano , Ben-David Uri 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Aneuploidy results in a stoichiometric imbalance of protein complexes that jeopardizes cellular fitness. Aneuploid cells thus need to compensate for the imbalanced DNA levels by regulating their RNA and protein levels, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we dissected multiple diploid versus aneuploid cell models. We found that aneuploid cells cope with transcriptional burden by increasing several RNA degradation pathways, and are consequently more sensitive to the perturbation of RNA degradation. At the protein level, aneuploid cells mitigate proteotoxic stress by reducing protein translation and increasing protein degradation, rendering them more sensitive to proteasome inhibition. These findings were recapitulated across hundreds of human cancer cell lines and primary tumors, and aneuploidy levels were significantly associated with the response of patients with multiple myeloma to proteasome inhibitors. Aneuploid cells are therefore preferentially dependent on several key nodes along the gene expression process, creating clinically actionable vulnerabilities in aneuploid cells.
Significance: Aneuploidy is a hallmark of cancer that is associated with poor prognosis and worse drug response. We reveal that cells with extra chromosomes compensate for their imbalanced DNA content by altering their RNA and protein metabolism, rendering them more sensitive to perturbation of RNA and protein degradation.
See related commentary by Bakhoum, p. 2315
Global Blood Pressure Screening During and After Pregnancy: May Measurement Month 2019
Authors: Bowen Liza , Stevens Richard J. , Schutte Aletta E. , Beaney Thomas , Poulter Neil R. , McManus Richard J. , Chappell Lucy C. 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with high maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. There are limited global data on the characteristics of women during and after pregnancy hypertension.

METHODS:
May Measurement Month is a global campaign to raise awareness of the importance of blood pressure. Adults (≥18 years) recruited through opportunistic sampling during May 2019 had blood pressure measured and comorbidities and lifestyle data collected. This secondary analysis included 16 519 pregnant women and 529 172 nonpregnant women (16 457 with previous raised blood pressure in pregnancy) from 64 countries.

RESULTS:

Almost half of the pregnant women (43.3%) reported not having had their blood pressure measured in the past year, and 14.3% (95% CI, 12.1–16.6) had hypertension (blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg or taking antihypertensive medication). Diabetes was self-reported in 7.6% (5.9–9.3) of pregnant women with hypertension and 2.8% (1.9–3.6) of pregnant women without hypertension. In nonpregnant women with and without a history of pregnancy hypertension, age-standardized proportions with current hypertension were 53.2% (50.8–55.7) versus 33.3% (29.3–37.3); with diabetes were 14.4% (11.8–17.0) versus 8.5% (6.3–10.9); and with body mass index ≥30 kg/m
2
were 28.4% (23.5–33.3) versus 16.6% (13.0–20.2).

CONCLUSIONS:
Hypertension in pregnancy was common in this global sample but many cases had not previously been identified. There was a clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in both pregnant women with current hypertension and previously raised blood pressure in pregnancy. This work highlights the importance of screening pregnant women for hypertension, which remains a challenge in large parts of the world.
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blocker Prevents Mineralocorticoid Receptor–Mediated Inflammation by Modulating Transcriptional Activity of Mineralocorticoid Receptor–p65–Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Complex
Authors: Kuyama Naoto , Araki Satoshi , Kaikita Koichi , Nakanishi Nobuhiro , Nakashima Naoya , Hanatani Shinsuke , Arima Yuichiro , Yamamoto Masahiro , Nakamura Taishi , Yamamoto Eiichiro , Matsushita Kenichi , Matsui Kunihiko , Tsujita Kenichi 
Published: September 2024

Background
Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) induces cardiac inflammation cooperatively with nuclear factor‐κB and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3); MR blockers exert anti‐inflammatory effects. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the anti‐inflammatory effect of esaxerenone, a novel MR blocker, in experimental myocardial infarction (MI) and its underlying mechanisms.

Methods and Results
Male C57BL/6J mice subjected to ligation of the left anterior descending artery were randomly assigned to either the vehicle or esaxerenone group. Esaxerenone was provided with a regular chow diet. The mice were euthanized at either 4 or 15 days after MI. Cardiac function, fibrosis, and inflammation were evaluated. Esaxerenone significantly improved cardiac function and attenuated cardiac fibrosis at 15 days after MI independently of its antihypertensive effect. Inflammatory cell infiltration, inflammatory‐related gene expression, and elevated serum interleukin‐6 levels at 4 days after MI were significantly attenuated by esaxerenone. In vitro experiments using mouse macrophage‐like cell line RAW264.7 cells demonstrated that esaxerenone‐ and spironolactone‐attenuated lipopolysaccharide‐induced interleukin‐6 expression without altering the posttranslational modification and nuclear translocation of p65 and STAT3. Immunoprecipitation assays revealed that MR interacted with both p65 and STAT3 and enhanced the p65–STAT3 interaction, leading to a subsequent increase in interleukin‐6 promoter activity, which was reversed by esaxerenone.

Conclusions
Esaxerenone ameliorated postinfarct remodeling in experimental MI through its anti‐inflammatory properties exerted by modulating the transcriptional activity of the MR–p65–STAT3 complex. These results suggest that the MR–p65–STAT3 complex can be a novel therapeutic target for treating MI.
Unhiding Colombian orchid treasures: A new Lepanthes (Orchidaceae) from the northeastern Andes in Colombia
Authors: CARO HEIDY , ARANGO-CARVAJAL SUSANA , SUESCÚN DIEGO , RESTREPO EUGENIO 
Published: September 2024

A new species of Lepanthes from the eastern Colombian Andes from the department of Santander has been discovered. Here it is described, illustrated, and compared with species with morphological affinities, particularly with the sympatric Lepanthes rabei, from which it can be separated by a combination of traits: the larger plant length, reaching up to 8.28 cm in height, the elliptical-lanceolate leaves, concolor, the sepals not denticulate, the lip blades ovate-oblong, obtuse, slightly falcate at the apex, the long cilia at the lip tip and the appendix minute, reflexed downwards, pubescent. Information about its distribution, phenology, and conservation status is also provided.
Environmental Conditions Associated with Long-Track Tornadoes
Authors: Straka Jerry M. , Gensini Vittorio A. , Kanak Katharine M. , Garner Jonathan M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Reanalysis proximity vertical profile attributes associated with long-track tornadoes [LTTs; pathlength ≥ 48 km (30 mi)] and short-track tornadoes [STTs; pathlengths < 48 km (30 mi)] for a total of 48 212 tornadoes with pathlengths ≥ 0.016 km (0.01 mi) from 1979 to 2022 in the United States were examined. Both longer- and shorter-track tornadoes were associated with vast ranges of mixed-layer convective available potential energy, together with relatively low mixed-layer lifted condensation level heights and minimal convective inhibition. A large range of 500–9000-m wind speeds and bulk wind differences, 500–3000-m streamwise vorticities, storm-relative helicities, and storm-relative wind speeds were found for STTs. In stark contrast, LTTs only occurred when these kinematic attributes were larger in amplitude through the troposphere, supporting previously documented associations between observed longer-track tornado pathlengths and faster-propagating parent storms. A novel parameter, heavily weighted by kinematic parameters and lightly weighted by thermodynamic parameters, outperformed the significant tornado parameter in differentiating environments that were more supportive of both LTTs and tornadoes rated <EF5. The high correlation values R2 = 0.79 between tornado pathlength and Bunkers’ approximate tornado duration (pathlength/VBunkers) call for improved understanding of mesocyclone periodicities, which impact tornado longevity, to improve tornado pathlength diagnoses and forecasts. Pragmatically, diagnosing LTT environments using vertical profile attributes, perhaps, is not so much a problem of determining when there might be higher expectations for LTTs, but rather a problem of when there might be lower expectations for LTTs, e.g., weaker kinematic attributes in the lower troposphere.

Significance Statement
The majority of tornadoes have pathlengths less than a few kilometers. As tornado pathlengths increase, their probability of causing impacts to society also increases. We study >40 years of modeled atmospheric vertical profiles to better understand the environmental conditions that support long-track tornadoes (pathlength ≥ 48 km or ≥30 mi). Consistent with previous studies, long-track tornadoes occurred with substantially stronger vertical wind shear profiles and low-level winds compared to short-track tornadoes; however, most tornadoes did not form in environments with exceedingly large vertical instability, regardless of pathlength or intensity. A proposed composite long-track tornado parameter (LTTP) provided better discrimination between longer and shorter pathlength events compared to preexisting parameters.
Diagnostic Value of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Conductive or Mixed Hearing Loss with Intact Tympanic Membrane
Authors: Zhou Wenwen , Liu Lei , Liu Di , Jiang Muliang , Chen Guixing , Tang Anzhou , Tan Songhua 
Published: September 2024

Background Conductive or mixed hearing loss with an intact tympanic membrane is a group of diseases characterized by similar clinical symptoms. Definitive diagnosis depends on the findings of exploratory tympanic surgery. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has great potential for middle ear imaging. This study evaluated the diagnostic value of CBCT for conductive or mixed hearing loss with an intact tympanic membrane. Methods CBCT and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) imaging data were collected from patients with an intact eardrum who received medical treatment in our hospital for conductive or mixed hearing loss from October 2020 to May 2023. The imaging characteristics and diagnostic values of CBCT and HRCT were analyzed. Results A total of 137 patients who met the inclusion criteria and underwent CBCT were enrolled, including 89 with otosclerosis, 41 with ossicular chain interruption, and 7 with tympanosclerosis. CBCT clearly displayed a middle ear focus, such as low-density lesions located in the fissula ante fenestram, ossicular chain malformation or dislocation, and tympanic calcification foci. The area under the curve values for otosclerosis, ossicular chain interruption, and tympanic sclerosis were 0.934, 0.967, and 0.850, respectively. CBCT was more effective than HRCT for visualizing the lenticular process, incudostapedial joint, and stapes footplate. Conclusions CBCT of the middle ear demonstrated higher-quality imaging to improve the diagnosis of conductive or mixed hearing loss with an intact tympanic membrane. Therefore, CBCT is recommended for further investigation of noninflammatory diseases of the middle ear with no special findings on HRCT.
Project GIVE: using a virtual genetics service platform to reduce health inequities and improve access to genomic care in an underserved region of Texas
Authors: Vuocolo Blake , Sierra Roberta , Brooks Daniel , Holder Christopher , Urbanski Lauren , Rodriguez Keila , Gamez Jose David , Mulukutla Surya Narayan , Hernandez Ana , Allegre Alberto , Hidalgo Humberto , Rodriguez Sarah , Magallan Sandy , Gibson Jeremy , Bernini Juan Carlos , Watson Melanie , Nelson Robert , Mellin-Sanchez Lizbeth , Garcia Nancy , Berry Lori , Dai Hongzheng , Soler-Alfonso Claudia , Carter Kent , Lee Brendan , Lalani Seema R. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The utilization of genomic information to improve health outcomes is progressively becoming more common in clinical practice. Nonetheless, disparities persist in accessing genetic services among ethnic minorities, individuals with low socioeconomic status, and other vulnerable populations. The Rio Grande Valley (RGV) at the Texas-Mexico border is predominantly Hispanic/Latino with a high poverty rate and very limited access to genetic services. Funded by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Project GIVE (Genetic Inclusion by Virtual Evaluation) was launched in 2022 to reduce the time to diagnosis and increase provider knowledge of genomics in this region, with the goal of improving pediatric health outcomes. We describe our experience of establishing a virtual pediatric genomic service in this region to expeditiously identify, recruit, and evaluate pediatric patients with undiagnosed diseases.

Methods
We have utilized an innovative electronic health record (EHR) agnostic virtual telehealth and educational platform called Consultagene to receive referrals from healthcare providers in the RGV. Using this portal, genetic services, including virtual evaluation and genome sequencing (GS), are being delivered to children with rare diseases. The study has also integrated effective methods to involve and educate community providers through in-person meetings and Continuing Professional Education (CPE) events.

Results
The recruitment efforts have proven highly successful with the utilization of Consultagene in this medically underserved region. The project’s ongoing engagement efforts with local healthcare providers have resulted in progressively more referrals to the study over time, thus improving inclusion and access to genomic care in the RGV. Additionally, the curated CPE content has been well received by healthcare providers in the region.

Conclusions
Project GIVE study has allowed advanced genetic evaluation and delivery of GS through the virtual Consultagene portal, effectively circumventing the recognized socioeconomic and logistical barriers to accessing genetic services within this border community.
Specific EEG resting state biomarkers in FXS and ASD
Authors: Proteau-Lemieux Mélodie , Knoth Inga Sophia , Davoudi Saeideh , Martin Charles-Olivier , Bélanger Anne-Marie , Fontaine Valérie , Côté Valérie , Agbogba Kristian , Vachon Keely , Whitlock Kerri , Biag Hazel Maridith Barlahan , Thurman Angela John , Rosenfelt Cory , Tassone Flora , Frei Julia , Capano Lucia , Abbeduto Leonard , Jacquemont Sébastien , Hessl David , Hagerman Randi Jenssen , Schneider Andrea , Bolduc Francois , Anagnostou Evdokia , Lippe Sarah 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are neurodevelopmental conditions that often have a substantial impact on daily functioning and quality of life. FXS is the most common cause of inherited intellectual disability (ID) and the most common monogenetic cause of ASD. Previous literature has shown that electrophysiological activity measured by electroencephalogram (EEG) during resting state is perturbated in FXS and ASD. However, whether electrophysiological profiles of participants with FXS and ASD are similar remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare EEG alterations found in these two clinical populations presenting varying degrees of cognitive and behavioral impairments.

Methods
Resting state EEG signal complexity, alpha peak frequency (APF) and power spectral density (PSD) were compared between 47 participants with FXS (aged between 5–20), 49 participants with ASD (aged between 6–17), and 52 neurotypical (NT) controls with a similar age distribution using MANCOVAs with age as covariate when appropriate. MANCOVAs controlling for age, when appropriate, and nonverbal intelligence quotient (NVIQ) score were subsequently performed to determine the impact of cognitive functioning on EEG alterations.

Results
Our results showed that FXS participants manifested decreased signal complexity and APF compared to ASD participants and NT controls, as well as altered power in the theta, alpha and low gamma frequency bands. ASD participants showed exaggerated beta power compared to FXS participants and NT controls, as well as enhanced low and high gamma power compared to NT controls. However, ASD participants did not manifest altered signal complexity or APF. Furthermore, when controlling for NVIQ, results of decreased complexity in higher scales and lower APF in FXS participants compared to NT controls and ASD participants were not replicated.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that signal complexity and APF might reflect cognitive functioning, while altered power in the low gamma frequency band might be associated with neurodevelopmental conditions, particularly FXS and ASD.
Utilizing CT imaging for evaluating late gastrointestinal tract side effects of radiotherapy in uterine cervical cancer: a risk regression analysis
Authors: Muangwong Pooriwat , Prukvaraporn Nutthita , Kittidachanan Kittikun , Watthanayuenyong Nattharika , Chitapanarux Imjai , Na Chiangmai Wittanee 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Radiotherapy (RT) is effective for cervical cancer but causes late side effects (SE) to nearby organs. These late SE occur more than 3 months after RT and are rated by clinical findings to determine their severity. While imaging studies describe late gastrointestinal (GI) SE, none demonstrate the correlation between the findings and the toxicity grading. In this study, we demonstrated the late GI toxicity prevalence, CT findings, and their correlation.

Methods
We retrospectively studied uterine cervical cancer patients treated with RT between 2015 and 2018. Patient characteristics and treatment(s) were obtained from the hospital’s databases. Late RTOG/EORTC GI SE and CT images were obtained during the follow-up. Post-RT GI changes were reviewed from CT images using pre-defined criteria. Risk ratios (RR) were calculated for CT findings, and multivariable log binomial regression determined adjusted RRs.

Results
This study included 153 patients, with a median age of 57 years (IQR 49–65). The prevalence of ≥ grade 2 RTOG/EORTC late GI SE was 33 (27.5%). CT findings showed 91 patients (59.48%) with enhanced bowel wall (BW) thickening, 3 (1.96%) with bowel obstruction, 7 (4.58%) with bowel perforation, 6 (3.92%) with fistula, 0 (0%) with bowel ischemia, and 0 (0%) with GI bleeding. Adjusted RRs showed that enhanced BW thickening (RR 9.77, 95% CI 2.64–36.07, p = 0.001), bowel obstruction (RR 5.05, 95% CI 2.30–11.09, p < 0.001), and bowel perforation (RR 3.82, 95% CI 1.96–7.44, p < 0.001) associated with higher late GI toxicity grades.

Conclusions
Our study shows CT findings correlate with grade 2–4 late GI toxicity. Future research should validate and refine these findings with different imaging and toxicity grading systems to assess their potential predictive value.