bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organizational Characteristics Role in the Implementation of Information Security in Knowledge Management with a Focus on Employee Safety Behavior
Authors: Solat Rafiee Abozar , Alem Tabriz Akbar , Babaei Mohammadreza 
Published: January 2016

Nowadays competitive advantage maintenance and organizational survival are not possible with no knowledge management. Due to the fact that the main components of the organizational knowledge transfer are human resources and this force only can produce and share knowledge content in the context of a safe system. Therefore, the implementation of the information security and safety principles observance by the personnel are essential in knowledge management. Among these factors, organizational characteristics can be an affecting factor in the implementation of information security in knowledge management. In this study, the role of organizational characteristics on the implementation of the information security in organization's knowledge management with a focus on safety behavior of the staff in the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology and its subsidiaries, is investigated. The study type is applied research and the method is descriptive method which its population consists of senior managers and experts in the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology and its subsidiary companies. The sample size of 253 people has been set. A questionnaire was used to measure the research variables. Regression analysis was used to investigate the relationships between variables and AMOS software was used in this study. The results showed a significant relationship between organizational characteristics with safety behavior and also safety behavior with information security implementation in knowledge management. The organizational characteristics significantly are associated with the implementation of information security in knowledge management.
Mechanistic Studies on the Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct C‐5 Arylation of Imidazoles: The Fundamental Role of the Azole as a Ligand for Palladium
Authors: Perego Luca Alessandro , Grimaud Laurence , Bellina Fabio 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAn in‐depth mechanistic study on the palladium‐catalyzed direct arylation of imidazoles at the C‐5 position is presented. The interactions of triphenylphosphine (PPh3)‐ligated aryl‐Pd species with 1,2‐dimethyl‐1H‐imidazole (dmim) have been studied in detail. In contrast with previous suggestions, phosphine‐ligated organo‐Pd species are not active and the reaction proceeds through imidazole‐ligated organo‐Pd intermediates. The kinetics of the oxidative addition of aryl halides with dmim‐ligated Pd(0) species have been characterized in a Pd(dba)2/dmim model system. A thorough study of the equilibria involving novel [ArPd(dmim)2X] complexes (X=I, OAc) and the unexpected cationic [ArPd(dmim)3]+ is also reported. The ability of these species to effect the CH arylation of dmim at room temperature in the presence of acetate is also demonstrated.magnified image
A Chiral Disulfoxide Ligand for the Efficient Rhodium‐Catalyzed 1,2‐Addition of Arylboroxines to N‐Tosylarylimines
Authors: Zhao Guang‐Zhen , Sipos Gellért , Salvador Alvaro , Ou Arnold , Gao Pengchao , Skelton Brian W. , Dorta Reto 
Published: January 2016

AbstractEnantiomerically pure diarylmethylamines are important building blocks in active pharmaceutical ingredients. Herein, we report a rhodium precatalyst with a chiral disulfoxide ligand that effects the 1,2‐addition of arylboroxines to aromatic imines to give high yields and high enantioselectivities of these products. The present paper describes a system that is very simple, where the ease of synthesis of the chiral ligand is combined with low catalyst loadings and reaction conditions that do not need any additives or external base.magnified image
Targeted next‐generation sequencing of 22 mismatch repair genes identifies Lynch syndrome families
Authors: Talseth‐Palmer Bente A. , Bauer Denis C. , Sjursen Wenche , Evans Tiffany J. , McPhillips Mary , Proietto Anthony , Otton Geoffrey , Spigelman Allan D. , Scott Rodney J. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractCausative germline mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes can only be identified in ~50% of families with a clinical diagnosis of the inherited colorectal cancer (CRC) syndrome hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC)/Lynch syndrome (LS). Identification of these patients are critical as they are at substantially increased risk of developing multiple primary tumors, mainly colorectal and endometrial cancer (EC), occurring at a young age. This demonstrates the need to develop new and/or more thorough mutation detection approaches. Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) was used to screen 22 genes involved in the DNA MMR pathway in constitutional DNA from 14 HNPCC and 12 sporadic EC patients, plus 2 positive controls. Several softwares were used for analysis and functional annotation. We identified 5 exonic indel variants, 42 exonic nonsynonymous single‐nucleotide variants (SNVs) and 1 intronic variant of significance. Three of these variants were class 5 (pathogenic) or class 4 (likely pathogenic), 5 were class 3 (uncertain clinical relevance) and 40 were classified as variants of unknown clinical significance. In conclusion, we have identified two LS families from the sporadic EC patients, one without a family history of cancer, supporting the notion for universal MMR screening of EC patients. In addition, we have detected three novel class 3 variants in EC cases. We have, in addition discovered a polygenic interaction which is the most likely cause of cancer development in a HNPCC patient that could explain previous inconsistent results reported on an intronic EXO1 variant.
Dehydrogenation of Alcohols over Alumina‐Supported Silver Catalysts: The Role of Oxygen in Hydrogen Formation
Authors: Liu Huihui , Tan Hui‐Ru , Tok Eng Soon , Jaenicke Stephan , Chuah Gaik‐Khuan 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe acceptorless dehydrogenation of alcohols at low temperatures holds promise as a clean energy source and has been the subject of much research. In view of the thermodynamic limitations imposed by a positive Gibbs free energy, we examine the feasibility and extent of hydrogen formation from alcohol dehydrogenation using alumina‐supported Ag catalysts. The results showed that in a closed system at 120 °C, the conversion of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde was limited by the available oxygen. The energetically demanding acceptorless route with hydrogen evolution contributed less than 2.5 % to the overall conversion. The presence of oxygen as an acceptor is vital for the progress of the reaction. In open systems even without an active influx of oxygen, alcohol dehydrogenation occurred readily but water was the main product rather than hydrogen.
The Artist in Dialogue with Himself
Authors: Arnhold Hermann , Pirsig‐Marshall Tanja 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAs a painter, August Macke is one of the icons of Expressionism. His drawings, however, are less well known, and yet they represent one of the most impressive artistic achievements of the 20th century. Now a digitisation project in Münster is making this richly varied æuvre available online.
Synthesis and Characterization of Uniformly Coated Particles of Nickel Basic Carbonateshell/Copper Oxalatecore
Authors: Haider Farzana , ul Haq Ikram , Gulab Hussain , Khan Kafeel Ahmad 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe coated system, i.e., nickel basic carbonateshell/copper oxalatecore, were synthesized by heating dispersions, containing various amounts of the cores (copper oxalate particles), urea, and nickel sulfate for different intervals of time at 85 °C. These uniformly coated particles were obtained under narrow set of the experimental conditions. On heat treatment, the shell and core materials transformed independently into their respective oxides and ended up with coated particles composed of nickel oxideshell/copper oxidecore. The above‐mentioned systems of particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x‐ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), and thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA).
Evaluation of downscaled CMIP5 model skill in simulating daily maximum temperature over the southeastern United States
Authors: Keellings David 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTDownscaled CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5) climate projections of maximum daily temperature from the Downscaled CMIP3 and CMIP5 Climate and Hydrology Projections archive are examined regionally over the southeastern United States. Three measures of model skill (means‐based, distribution‐based, extreme‐based) are utilized to assess the ability of 15 downscaled models to simulate daily maximum temperature observations. A new test is proposed to determine statistical significance of the probability density function‐based skill measures. Skill scores are found to be generally high for all three measures throughout the study region, but lower scores are present in coastal and mountainous areas. Application of the significance test shows that while the skill scores may be high, they are not significantly higher than could be expected at random in some areas. The distribution‐based skill scores are not significant in much of Florida and the Appalachians. The extreme‐based skill scores are not significant in more than 90% of the region for all models investigated. The findings suggest that although the downscaled models have simulated observed means well and are a good match to the entire distribution of observations, they are not simulating the occurrence of extreme (above 90th percentile) maximum daily temperatures.
Molecular dynamics‐smoothed molecular dynamics (MD‐SMD) adaptive coupling method with seamless transition
Authors: He Nianfeng , Liu Yan , Zhang Xiong 
Published: January 2016

SummarySmoothed molecular dynamics (SMD) method is a recently proposed efficient molecular simulation method by introducing one set of background mesh and mapping process into molecular dynamics (MD) flow chart. SMD can sharply enlarge MD time step size while maintaining global accuracy. MD‐SMD coupling method was proposed to improve the capability to describe local atom disorders. The coupling method is greatly improved in this paper in two essential aspects. Firstly, a transition scheme is proposed to avoid artificial wave reflection at the interface of MD and SMD regions. The new transition scheme has simple formulation and high efficiency, and the wave reflection can be well suppressed. Secondly, an adaptive scheme is proposed to automatically identify the regions requiring MD simulation. Two adaptive criteria, the centro‐symmetry parameter criterion and the displacement criterion, are also proposed. It is found that both the two criteria can achieve good accuracy but the efficiency of the displacement criterion is much better. The coupling method does not demand reduction in mesh size near the interface, and a multiple time stepping scheme is adopted to ensure high efficiency. Numerical results including wave propagation, nano‐indentation, and crack propagation validate the method and show nice accuracy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simply Good Teaching: Supporting Transformation and Change Through Education for Sustainability
Authors: Bedi Gitanjali , Germein Susan 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis article proposes that Education for Sustainability (EfS), with its focus on transformative and learner-centred approaches, and higher order thinking skills, enriches teaching and learning in Vocational Education and Training (VET), with implications for quality pedagogy more generally. EfS pedagogy has the potential to inform a new discourse on VET's role in citizenship and responsibility for the future, characterised by some as a shift from productivism to ecologism, and described by UNESCO/ILO as critical thinking towards sustainable development. After reviewing the literature on quality pedagogy in VET, as well as on EfS itself, this article evaluates the impact and effectiveness of a nationwide professional development program to upskill VET practitioners in EfS pedagogy. Early findings indicate personal transformations for participants both as individuals and VET professionals, with high levels of teaching practice enhancement generally through uptake of EfS principles and practice. Based on our findings, we draw conclusions and make recommendations for further research.
PEPFAR support of alcohol–HIV prevention activities in Namibia and Botswana: a framework for investigation, implementation and evaluation
Authors: Glenshaw M. , Deluca N. , Adams R. , Parry C. , Fritz K. , Du Preez V. , Voetsch K. , Lekone P. , Seth P. , Bachanas P. , Grillo M. , Kresina T. F. , Pick B. , Ryan C. , Bock N. 
Published: January 2016

BackgroundThe association between harmful use of alcohol and HIV infection is well documented. To address this dual epidemic, the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) developed and implemented a multi-pronged approach primarily in Namibia and Botswana. We present the approach and preliminary results of the public health investigative and programmatic activities designed, initiated and supported by PEPFAR to combat the harmful use of alcohol and its association as a driver of HIV morbidity and mortality from 2008 to 2013.ApproachPEPFAR supported comprehensive alcohol programming using a matrix model approach that combined the socio-ecological framework and the Alcohol Misuse Prevention and Intervention Continuum. This structure enabled seven component objectives: (1) to quantify harmful use of alcohol through rapid assessments; (2) to develop and evaluate alcohol-based interventions; (3) to promote screening programs and alcohol abuse resource services; (4) to support stakeholder networks; (5) to support policy interventions and (6) structural interventions; and (7) to institutionalize universal prevention messages.DiscussionTargeted PEPFAR support for alcohol activities resulted in several projects to address harmful alcohol use and HIV. Components are graphically conceptualized within the matrix model, demonstrating the intersections between primary, secondary and tertiary prevention activities and individual, interpersonal, community, and societal factors. Key initiative successes included leveraging alcohol harm prevention activities that enabled projects to be piloted in healthcare settings, schools, communities, and alcohol outlets. Primary challenges included the complexity of multi-sectorial programming, varying degrees of political will, and difficulties monitoring outcomes over the short duration of the program.
A novel miR-200b-3p/p38IP pair regulates monocyte/macrophage differentiation
Authors: Yu Xiao , Wang Qi-Long , Li Yue-Fang , Wang Xu-Dong , Xu Anlong , Li Yingqiu 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMonocyte/macrophage differentiation represents a major branch of hematopoiesis and is a central event in the immune response, but the molecular mechanisms underlying are not fully delineated. Here we show that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) interacting protein (p38IP) is downregulated during monocyte/macrophage differentiation in vitro. Overexpression of p38IP halted monocyte/macrophage differentiation, whereas forward knockdown of p38IP by RNA interference induced G1/S arrest and promoted monocyte differentiation into macrophages and the maturation of macrophages as well. Moreover, we found that miR-200b-3p was upregulated during monocyte/macrophage differentiation and mediated the downregulation of p38IP by binding to the 3′ untranslated terminal region of p38IP mRNA. Overexpression of a miR-200b-3p mimic resembled the effect of p38IP knockdown, whereas a miR-200b-3p inhibitor blocked monocyte/macrophage differentiation by enhancing p38IP expression. Further western blotting analysis revealed that p38IP downregulation enhanced the activity of p38 MAPK and the subsequent accumulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, thus promoting G1/S arrest and monocyte/macrophage differentiation. Moreover, the decline of GCN5 acetyltransferase caused by p38IP downregulation was required but was not sufficient for monocyte/macrophage differentiation. This study demonstrated a new role for p38IP and a novel miR-200b-3p/p38IP pair in the regulation of monocyte/macrophage differentiation.
Explicit degradation modelling in optimal lead–acid battery use for photovoltaic systems
Authors: Hamedi Amir‐Sina , Rajabi‐Ghahnavieh Abbas 
Published: January 2016

Lead–acid battery is a storage technology that is widely used in photovoltaic (PV) systems. Battery charging and discharging profiles have a direct impact on the battery degradation and battery loss of life. This study presents a new 2‐model iterative approach for explicit modelling of battery degradation in the optimal operation of PV systems. The proposed approach consists of two models: namely, economic model and degradation model which are solved iteratively to reach the optimal solution. The economic model is a linear programming optimisation problem that calculates the optimal hourly battery use profile based on an assumed value of the battery degradation cost. The degradation model, in turn, gives the battery degradation cost based on the battery use profile, temperature and battery characteristics. The models are solved iteratively to finally reach to the optimal battery use considering battery degradation. The proposed approach has been applied to a 4 kWp PV system and the performance of the proposed approach were evaluated. Applicability of the proposed approach in determining the optimal storage size and the economic battery life were also shown. Advantages and the capability of the proposed approach in considering PV generation and irradiation variations were also evaluated through seasonality analysis.
Brain size predicts problem-solving ability in mammalian carnivores
Authors: Benson-Amram Sarah , Dantzer Ben , Stricker Gregory , Swanson Eli M. , Holekamp Kay E. 
Published: January 2016

SignificanceIntelligence presents evolutionary biology with one of its greatest challenges. It has long been thought that species with relatively large brains for their body size are more intelligent. However, despite decades of research, the idea that brain size predicts cognitive abilities remains highly controversial; little experimental support exists for a relationship between brain size and the ability to solve novel problems. We presented 140 zoo-housed members of 39 mammalian carnivore species with a novel problem-solving task and found that the species’ relative brain sizes predicted problem-solving success. Our results provide important support for the claim that brain size reflects an animal’s problem-solving abilities and enhance our understanding of why larger brains evolved in some species.
Ocean-wide tracking of pelagic sharks reveals extent of overlap with longline fishing hotspots
Authors: Queiroz Nuno , Humphries Nicolas E. , Mucientes Gonzalo , Hammerschlag Neil , Lima Fernando P. , Scales Kylie L. , Miller Peter I. , Sousa Lara L. , Seabra Rui , Sims David W. 
Published: January 2016

Significance
Shark populations are declining worldwide because of overexploitation by fisheries with unknown consequences for ecosystems. Although the harvest of oceanic sharks remains largely unregulated, knowing precisely where they interact with fishing vessels will better aid their conservation. We satellite track six species of shark and two entire longline fishing vessel fleets across the North Atlantic over multiple years. Sharks actively select and aggregate in space-use “hotspots” characterized by thermal fronts and high productivity. However, longline fishing vessels also target these habitats and efficiently track shark movements seasonally, leading to an 80% spatial overlap. Areas of highest overlap between sharks and fishing vessels show persistence between years, suggesting current hotspots are at risk, and arguing for introduction of international catch limits.
Genomic reconstruction of the history of extant populations of India reveals five distinct ancestral components and a complex structure
Authors: Basu Analabha , Sarkar-Roy Neeta , Majumder Partha P. 
Published: January 2016

SignificanceIndia, harboring more than one-sixth of the world population, has been underrepresented in genome-wide studies of variation. Our analysis reveals that there are four dominant ancestries in mainland populations of India, contrary to two ancestries inferred earlier. We also show that (i) there is a distinctive ancestry of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands populations that is likely ancestral also to Oceanic populations, and (ii) the extant mainland populations admixed widely irrespective of ancestry, which was rapidly replaced by endogamy, particularly among Indo-European–speaking upper castes, about 70 generations ago. This coincides with the historical period of formulation and adoption of some relevant sociocultural norms.
Revisiting the contemporary sea-level budget on global and regional scales
Authors: Rietbroek Roelof , Brunnabend Sandra-Esther , Kusche Jürgen , Schröter Jens , Dahle Christoph 
Published: January 2016

SignificanceUnderstanding sea-level change is of paramount importance because it reflects climate-related factors, such as the ocean heat budget, mass changes in the cryosphere, and natural ocean/atmosphere variations. Furthermore, sea-level rise directly affects coastal areas, which has ramifications for its population and economy. From a novel combination of Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment and radar altimetry data we find over the last 12 y: (i) a larger global steric sea-level rise as previously reported, (ii) a mass contribution to global sea level consistent with mass loss estimates from the world’s ice sheets, glaciers, and hydrological sources, and (iii) regionally resolved sea-level budget components which differ significantly from that of the global sea-level budget.
Calcium can mobilize and activate myosin-VI
Authors: Batters Christopher , Brack Dario , Ellrich Heike , Averbeck Beate , Veigel Claudia 
Published: January 2016

Significance
The timing of motor protein activation is central to a broad range of cellular motile processes including endocytosis, cell division, and cancer cell migration. The cytoskeletal motor myosin-VI is involved in these processes and is the only myosin in the human genome shown to move toward the minus end of actin filaments. Using electron microscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and motility assays, we demonstrate that calcium is the cellular switch that directs the rearrangement of the motor from a dormant, inactive state at low calcium to a cargo-binding nonmotile state at high calcium. The return to low calcium generates either cargo-bound active motors that translocate to the center of the cell or refolded inactive motors ready for the next cellular calcium flux.
A structured interdomain linker directs self-polymerization of human uromodulin
Authors: Bokhove Marcel , Nishimura Kaoru , Brunati Martina , Han Ling , de Sanctis Daniele , Rampoldi Luca , Jovine Luca 
Published: January 2016

Significance
Urinary tract infection is the most common nonepidemic bacterial infection in humans, with 150 million cases per year and a global health care cost above $6 billion. Because the urinary tract is not protected by mucus, mammals produce a molecular net that captures pathogenic bacteria in the urine and clears them from the body. By visualizing the 3D structure of its building block, glycoprotein uromodulin, we provide insights into how the net is built, and how it is compromised by mutations in patients with kidney diseases. Our work also explains nonsyndromic deafness due to mutations affecting the tectorial membrane, a similar filamentous structure in the human inner ear.