bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebrospinal fluid markers of neuronal and glial cell damage to monitor disease activity and predict long‐term outcome in patients with autoimmune encephalitis
Authors: Constantinescu R. , Krýsl D. , Bergquist F. , Andrén K. , Malmeström C. , Asztély F. , Axelsson M. , Menachem E. B. , Blennow K. , Rosengren L. , Zetterberg H. 
Published: January 2016

Background and purposeClinical symptoms and long‐term outcome of autoimmune encephalitis are variable. Diagnosis requires multiple investigations, and treatment strategies must be individually tailored. Better biomarkers are needed for diagnosis, to monitor disease activity and to predict long‐term outcome. The value of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers of neuronal [neurofilament light chain protein (NFL), and total tau protein (T‐tau)] and glial cell [glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)] damage in patients with autoimmune encephalitis was investigated.MethodsDemographic, clinical, magnetic resonance imaging, CSF and antibody‐related data of 25 patients hospitalized for autoimmune encephalitis and followed for 1 year were retrospectively collected. Correlations between these data and consecutive CSF levels of NFL, T‐tau and GFAP were investigated. Disability, assessed by the modified Rankin scale, was used for evaluation of disease activity and long‐term outcome.ResultsThe acute stage of autoimmune encephalitis was accompanied by high CSF levels of NFL and T‐tau, whereas normal or significantly lower levels were observed after clinical improvement 1 year later. NFL and T‐tau reacted in a similar way but at different speeds, with T‐tau reacting faster. CSF levels of GFAP were initially moderately increased but did not change significantly later on. Final outcome (disability at 1 year) directly correlated with CSF‐NFL and CSF‐GFAP levels at all time‐points and with CSF‐T‐tau at 3 ± 1 months. This correlation remained significant after age adjustment for CSF‐NFL and T‐tau but not for GFAP.ConclusionIn autoimmune encephalitis, CSF levels of neuronal and glial cell damage markers appear to reflect disease activity and long‐term disability.
Apathy is associated with poor prognosis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Caga J. , Turner M. R. , Hsieh S. , Ahmed R. M. , Devenney E. , Ramsey E. , Zoing M. C. , Mioshi E. , Kiernan M. C. 
Published: January 2016

Background and purposeApathy is the most commonly reported behavioural change in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, the degree to which it affects prognosis and overlaps with depression in this population is unknown. The present study examined the relationship between level of apathy, mortality and survival time and whether apathy was linked to specific symptom clusters of depression.MethodsA cohort of 76 consecutive ALS patients attending specialized multidisciplinary clinics were classified according to level of apathy. The effects of clinical factors and apathy on survival time were analysed using univariate and multivariate methods.ResultsThe majority of patients with moderate to severe apathy died during the study (P = 0.003) and had a median survival time of 21.7 months, considerably shorter than patients with mild apathy (46.9 months) and no apathy (51.9 months) (P = 0.0001). Apathy remained a significant predictor of survival even after controlling for clinical factors and symptom duration at the time of study entry (hazard ratio 3.8, 95% confidence interval 1.9–7.5, P = 0.0001). Depression with demoralization was not associated with level of apathy (P = 0.172) whereas depression with anhedonia was more common in patients with apathy than in those without apathy (P = 0.006).ConclusionsThe presence of severe apathy is an independent, negative prognostic factor in ALS.
Relationship between restraint use, engagement in social activity, and decline in cognitive status among residents newly admitted to long‐term care facilities
Authors: Freeman Shannon , Spirgiene Lina , Martin‐Khan Melinda , Hirdes John P 
Published: January 2016

AimDeclining cognitive function can negatively affect residents' quality of life (QOL) in long‐term care facilities (LTCFs). The present study examined the role of physical restraint use, use of antipsychotic medications, and engagement in social activities to affect change in cognitive status and drive cognitive decline among residents newly admitted to a LTCF.MethodsSecondary data analysis used interRAI Minimum Data Set 2.0 data gathered at admission and first follow‐up assessment (n = 111,052). The interRAI Minimum Data Set 2.0 collects comprehensive information as part of regular clinical care, and is mandated for all LTCF in Ontario, Canada. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses investigated the roles of physical restraint use, antipsychotic medication use and social engagement affecting cognition, and were stratified based on the presence/absence of diagnosis of dementia.ResultsAt follow up, 16.1% of residents (n = 16 414) showed decline in cognition. Residents with one or more physical restraints (chair, trunk and limb) were at increased risk for cognitive decline evidenced among residents with and without a diagnosis of dementia. Antipsychotic medication use did not emerge as a strong predictor of cognitive decline. Social engagement was protective against cognitive decline, and more pronounced for residents without a diagnosis of dementia.ConclusionPhysical restraint use should be avoided, or used as a last resort. LTCFs should prioritize resident engagement in social activities in either formal activities or ad hoc, as soon as possible on entry to the LTCFs. Prioritizing social networks and greater participation in activities might decrease the risk for cognitive decline, thereby improving or maintaining resident quality of life. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 246–255.
Value of Quantitative assessment of Myeloid Nuclear Differentiation Antigen expression and other flow cytometric parameters in the diagnosis of Myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Somasundaram V. , Soni S. , Chopra A. , Rai S. , Mahapatra M. , Kumar R. , Pati H. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryIntroductionThe diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) based on morphology is particularly difficult in low‐gradeMDS. Thus, the role of myeloid nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA) and other flow cytometric (FCM) parameters inMDSwas evaluated.MethodsBone marrow aspirates (BMA) collected from 52 patients with unexplained persistent cytopenias were divided into three groups: (i) provenMDS(n= 12) based on morphology and/or cytogenetics; (ii) suspectedMDS(n= 6), noncontributory morphology, and cytogenetics; and (iii) non‐MDS(n= 34). Sixteen controlBMAwere studied. Cases were analyzed forMNDAexpression (on granulocytes, blasts, monocytes, and lymphocytes) and for seven quantitative parameters:CD34+myeloblasts % in nucleated cells,CD34+B‐cell progenitor% inCD34+cells, lymphocyte/myeloblastCD45MFIratio, granulocyte/lymphocyteSSCpeak channel ratio and the proportion ofCD34+myeloblasts expressingCD15,CD11b, andCD56. A score of 1 was given to each parameter beyond the cutoff, and score ≥3 was consideredFCMpositive.ResultsMNDAexpression on granulocytes and blasts was significantly lower in provenMDSand suspectedMDSvs. non‐MDS. QuantitativeFCMparameters successfully distinguishedMDSand suspectedMDSfrom non‐MDS.ConclusionMNDAexpression is an independent marker for the evaluation of dyspoiesis and may be added to the standard panel for quantitative assessment byFCM.
Using Social Indicators to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Outreach in Two Indiana Watersheds
Authors: Busse Rebecca , Ulrich‐Schad Jessica D. , Crighton Lyn , Peel Sara , Genskow Ken , Prokopy Linda Stalker 
Published: January 2016

AbstractNonpoint source pollution is recognized as one of the greatest threats to water quality in the United States. Outreach is one tool that can be used to help increase public awareness and motivate action towards addressing water issues. In order to create effective outreach, we must understand public perceptions of water quality, perceived barriers to implementing environmental solutions, and what types of outreach best connect with target audiences. In 2010, social indicator surveys were distributed in two watersheds in Indiana to gather baseline data on urban and agricultural residents' attitudes towards and usage of water quality conservation practices. Local watershed organizations then used various outreach methods to encourage residents to implement specific practices. In 2014, post‐project surveys were conducted in both watersheds to assess whether the outreach efforts had been effective. Even with outreach efforts, many residents still were unaware that specific water pollutants were problems in their watershed. There were, however, positive changes in overall water quality attitudes. Changes in awareness and adoption of conservation practices varied by watershed and resident type, yet generally moved in a positive direction or were unchanged. The primary barrier to practice adoption for all respondents was cost. Outreach events were generally not well attended and did little to change attendee behavior. Some outreach activities seem to be more useful than others in terms of self‐reported effectiveness while others are clearly visible to the community and may be a helpful way to raise awareness.
Water Quality and Nutrient Management Extension Programs in Ohio
Authors: Londo Andrew J. , LaBarge Greg , Watters Harold , Culman Steve , Rose Mary Ann , Hall Peggy , Arnold Glen , Custer Sam , Richer Eric , Noggle Sarah , Penrose Chris 
Published: January 2016

AbstractExtension has a long history of conducting educational programs for agricultural producers on a wide array of issues, including water quality. In Ohio, the focus of these educational efforts has grown to include best management practices for nutrient management. The need for education in nutrient management began in earnest in the 1970s due to the presence of harmful algal blooms (HAB) in the Western Lake Erie Basin. International actions taken during that time all but eliminated the HABs from the lake until they made a resurgence in the 1990s. Twenty years later, the HAB threat in Lake Erie is still present and has major implications for commerce, tourism, and human and environmental health. The HAB threat has spurred outcries from the general public, resulting in the creation of new laws by the Ohio Legislature, and an expanded and enhanced focus area for Ohio State University Extension (OSUE) programming. In this paper, we describe the conditions that have led to the development of the HAB in Lake Erie, the legislative action that has been taken in attempts to curb the problem, and the educational programs developed by OSUE in partnership with state agencies, non‐government organizations, and other interested parties to address these water quality issues with Ohio agricultural producers and the general public.
Lawn to Lake: Lessons Learned from a Collaborative Natural Lawn Care Program
Authors: Schneemann Margaret 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIllinois‐Indiana Sea Grant (IISG) led a multi‐state, collaborative natural lawn care outreach program promoting sustainable lawn care practices at the community and household level. The programmatic goal was to improve Lake Michigan basin ecosystem health by reducing pesticide, synthetic fertilizer, and irrigation water use and runoff within the watershed through changing the practices of those responsible for the creation and upkeep of lawns. Targeted audiences were educated about the relationship between Great Lakes Basin watershed health and lawn care practices as well as trained in natural, low‐input lawn care methods. The program aimed at achieving efficiency by leveraging collaborating partner resources to adapt existing materials and transfer programs across partners and states. Anticipated program impacts were estimated prior to implementation based on previous program evaluations and available research, and additional evaluations were conducted during the project period (2010–2014). Over the outreach period, over 300 landscape professionals, 400 Master Gardeners and teachers, and 2,000 homeowners were trained in natural lawn care practices. Using an evaluation transfer approach, this effort translates into an estimated reduction of 3.4 million pounds of weed and feed applied to lawns per year with associated decreases in pesticides, phosphorous, and irrigation. This paper reflects on lessons learned though the natural lawn care program evaluation experience and makes recommendations for future programming.
Curvilinear effects of job characteristics on ill‐being in the nursing profession: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Huyghebaert Tiphaine , Gillet Nicolas , Lahiani Fadi‐Joseph , Fouquereau Evelyne 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAimsTo investigate the curvilinear associations between two job characteristics (i.e. task identity and information processing) and negative outcomes (i.e. nurse need for recovery and negative affect).BackgroundResearch has historically demonstrated the beneficial effects of motivational job characteristics on several individual and organizational consequences. These job characteristics were indeed found to be positively and linearly related to positive outcomes such as job satisfaction. However, another stream of research contends that job characteristics may have curvilinear effects on employee well‐being.DesignA cross‐sectional correlational design was used.MethodData were collected during June 2014, using a questionnaire survey. A convenience sample of French nurses and assistant nurses was recruited (n = 269). All participants were working in centres specialized in providing care to people with disabilities.ResultsThis study demonstrated statistically significant curvilinear effects of job characteristics on nurses' ill‐being, while controlling for their linear effects.ConclusionsThese findings support that nurses' job characteristics are associated with their ill‐being in complex ways and provide organizational and managerial applications for healthcare centres.
Tweet if you want to be sustainable: a thematic analysis of a Twitter chat to discuss sustainability in nurse education
Authors: Richardson Janet , Grose Jane , Nelmes Pam , Parra Gema , Linares Manuel 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAimTo explore the concept of sustainability in nursing using social media as a vehicle for discussion on the topic.BackgroundThere is a need for an increased awareness among nurses of the issues that are crucial for the healthcare sector to prepare for climate change and contribute to sustainable development. However, topics about sustainability and climate change are not a requirement of nursing curricula in Europe; social media provides an opportunity to raise issues and promote discussion.DesignA thematic analysis of a Twitter discussion.MethodsA Twitter discussion session hosted by @WeNurses took place on 24 March 2015 over 1 hour. Data were gathered via this online discussion hosted on Twitter, a social media platform. Following the discussion a thematic analysis of the posted Tweets was conducted.FindingsOne hundred and nineteen people posted nine hundred and ninety six Tweets, a reach of 3,306,368. Tweets broadly followed the questions posted by the team. Several threads related to the sustainable use of healthcare resources and the need to reduce waste was evident. A Word Cloud of the Tweets highlighted prominent words in the discussion: sustainability, nursing/nurses, curriculum, important, waste, practice, resources, student, plastic, health, gloves.ConclusionSocial media is an effective way of engaging nurses and students in a discussion on challenging issues. Sustainability appears to be important for nurses, with a particular emphasis on resource use and the importance of sustainability topics in nurse education.
Managing and mitigating conflict in healthcare teams: an integrative review
Authors: Almost Joan , Wolff Angela C. , Stewart‐Pyne Althea , McCormick Loretta G. , Strachan Diane , D'Souza Christine 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAimTo review empirical studies examining antecedents (sources, causes, predictors) in the management and mitigation of interpersonal conflict.BackgroundProviding quality care requires positive, collaborative working relationships among healthcare team members. In today's increasingly stress‐laden work environments, such relationships can be threatened by interpersonal conflict. Identifying the underlying causes of conflict and choice of conflict management style will help practitioners, leaders and managers build an organizational culture that fosters collegiality and create the best possible environment to engage in effective conflict management.DesignIntegrative literature review.Data sourcesCINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Proquest ABI/Inform, Cochrane Library and Joanne Briggs Institute Library were searched for empirical studies published between 2002–May 2014.Review methodsThe review was informed by the approach of Whittemore and Knafl. Findings were extracted, critically examined and grouped into themes.ResultsForty‐four papers met the inclusion criteria. Several antecedents influence conflict and choice of conflict management style including individual characteristics, contextual factors and interpersonal conditions. Sources most frequently identified include lack of emotional intelligence, certain personality traits, poor work environment, role ambiguity, lack of support and poor communication. Very few published interventions were found.ConclusionBy synthesizing the knowledge and identifying antecedents, this review offers evidence to support recommendations on managing and mitigating conflict. As inevitable as conflict is, it is the responsibility of everyone to increase their own awareness, accountability and active participation in understanding conflict and minimizing it. Future research should investigate the testing of interventions to minimize these antecedents and, subsequently, reduce conflict.
Integrated long non‐coding RNA analyses identify novel regulators of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in the mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Sun Hao , Chen Junjie , Qian Wenyi , Kang Jiang , Wang Jun , Jiang Lei , Qiao Li , Chen Wei , Zhang Jinsong 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic fatal lung disease characterized by aberrant accumulation of fibroblast population and deposition of extra cellular matrix. Increasing evidence support that epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) of alveolar epithelial cells is a critical process in the pathogenesis of IPF. Although delivery of bleomycin to induce acute lung injury is the most well‐studied animal model of pulmonary fibrosis, there is considerable interest to pursue other models to understand the common and/or specific pathological mechanisms. In this study, we established a mouse model of pulmonary injury and progressive interstitial fibrosis via intraperitoneal injection of paraquat, a widely used herbicide known to cause pulmonary fibrosis in human. Using transcriptome sequencing and microarray analysis, we profiled expression of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and identified 513 up‐regulated and 204 down‐regulated lncRNAs in paraquat‐induced fibrotic lung tissues. Gene ontology analysis revealed that the differentially expressed lncRNAs are implicated in cell differentiation, epithelium morphogenesis and wound healing, pathways closely associated with EMT. Furthermore, we identified the evolutionally conserved target genes of two up‐regulated lncRNAs, uc.77 and 2700086A05Rik, as Zeb2 and Hoxa3, respectively, both of which are important modulators of EMT. Consistently, overexpression of uc.77 or 2700086A05Rik in human lung epithelial cells induced EMT as demonstrated by changes in gene and protein expression of various EMT markers and cell morphology. Collectively, our results uncovered a crucial role of lncRNA in the regulation of EMT during lung fibrosis and provide potential avenues for the discovery of novel molecular markers and therapeutic targets for IPF.
MiR 21‐5p as a predictor of recurrence in young gastric cancer patients
Authors: Park Soo‐Kyung , Park Young Soo , Ahn Ji Yong , Do Eun‐Ju , Kim Dongho , Kim Jee Eun , Jung kyoungwon , Byeon Jeong‐Sik , Ye Byong Duk , Yang Dong Hoon , Park Sang Hyoung , Hwang Sung Wook , Jung Hwoon‐Yong , Myung Seung‐Jae 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackground and AimIt is generally assumed that gastric cancer (GC) in young patients has different clinicopathologic characteristics than that of elderly patients. Although recurrence is an important factor in determining prognosis, traditional clinicopathological factors are sometimes inadequate for predicting recurrence in individuals. Therefore, we aimed to identify miRNAs with the potential to predict recurrence in young patients.MethodsYoung patients (age <40 years) undergoing gastrectomy for potentially curable GC (stage III) at Asan Medical Center participated in this study. A total of 50 GC patients with (n = 28) and without (n = 22) GC recurrence were selected for analysis. miRNA microarrays were analyzed to screen tissue samples (n = 7), and we validated the selected miRNAs by quantitative PCR in validation samples (n = 43).ResultsTwo miRNAs (hsa‐miR‐21‐5p and hsa‐miR‐451a) identified in the microarray analysis were evaluated in the validation samples. Among the validation samples containing intratumoral stroma ≥ 70 (n = 35), hsa‐miR‐21‐5p was more highly expressed in the recurrence group than in the nonrecurrence group (fold change 1.82, P = 0.03). In the validation samples with intratumoral stroma ≥ 70, the ΔCt of hsa‐miR‐21‐5p, which was >3.35, had a sensitivity and specificity of 86.7% and 65.5%, respectively, for predicting recurrence, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.723.ConclusionsmiR‐21‐5p may be useful as a predictor of recurrence in young GC patients whose tumors contain a high proportion of intratumoral stroma. The combination of this miRNA with conventional clinicopathological factors should allow patient prognoses to be more accurately predicted.