bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography for the simultaneous determination of sildenafil and N‐desmethyl sildenafil in plasma of children
Authors: Goffredo Bianca Maria , Cairoli Sara , Vitale Alessia , Corsetti Tiziana , Pastore Anna 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSildenafil is a selective inhibitor of cGMP‐specific type 5 phosphodiesterase used for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in the adults. In pediatrics, PAH treatment options include the off‐label use of sildenafil. Sildenafil is metabolized in the liver by cytocrome P450 into its active metabolite, N‐desmethyl sildenafil. The determination of plasma levels of sildenafil and N‐desmethyl sildenafil could be useful for therapy optimization and pharmacokinetic studies. We have developed and validated a method for the quantification of sildenafil and its metabolite in plasma of children by rapid extraction, using high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. The calibration range was fitted at least square model (r2 ≥ 0.999), with an accuracy and an intra‐ and inter‐day relative standard deviation <15% for both analytes. The mean recovery was 102.5% for sildenafil and 101.8% for N‐desmethyl sildenafil. This simple method could be successfully used in children with PAH under treatment with sildenafil.
Improvement of the reflective learning in engineering education using MATLAB for problems solving
Authors: Vicéns José L. , Zamora Blas , Ojados Dolores 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a procedure for the improvement of the reflective learning in Engineering, including the use of MATLAB for problems solving. Three effects are produced in students. The first, the searching of the solution of a particular case is substituted by the modeling of the general problem. The second, a reflection on their theoretical knowledge is encouraged. The third, the motivation for an autonomous learning of MATLAB is increased, taking into account the clear interest of this tool in the teaching–learning in Engineering. Lastly, several benchmark problems are presented and discussed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 24:755–764, 2016; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21748
Preprocedural fractional flow reserve and microvascular resistance predict increased hyperaemic coronary flow after elective percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Murai Tadashi , Kanaji Yoshihisa , Yonetsu Taishi , Lee Tetsumin , Matsuda Junji , Usui Eisuke , Araki Makoto , Niida Takayuki , Isobe Mitsuaki , Kakuta Tsunekazu 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundEpicardial focal coronary artery stenosis, diffuse coronary disease, and microvascular resistance (MR) may limit coronary flow. The purpose of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is to increase coronary flow by targeting epicardial lesions. After PCI, MR might change and affect coronary flow. We investigated whether PCI influences MR using the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) and if pre‐PCI fractional flow reserve (FFR) or MR predicts the post‐PCI change in hyperaemic coronary flow.Methods and ResultsThis prospective study included 245 vessels from 229 patients with stable angina pectoris undergoing elective PCI. FFR and IMR were measured before and after PCI. Post‐PCI increase in hyperaemic coronary flow was assessed using the change in thermodilution‐derived transit time (pre‐PCI Tmn – post‐PCI Tmn). IMR significantly decreased after PCI (median 1.9; interquartile range, −4.9 to 10.1) and was significantly associated with pre‐PCI IMR (r = 0.70, P < 0.001). Increased coronary flow was significantly correlated with pre‐PCI IMR (r = 0.62, P < 0.001) and pre‐PCI FFR (r = 0.51, P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, factors significantly associated with decreased post‐PCI IMR were pre‐PCI IMR (odds ratio [OR], 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–1.19; P < 0.001) and angiographic reference diameter (OR, 2.44; 95% CI; 1.09–5.48; P = 0.03). Factors significantly associated with increased coronary flow post‐PCI were pre‐PCI IMR (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.08–1.23; P < 0.001) and pre‐PCI FFR (OR, <0.001; 95% CI, 0.000–0.003; P < 0.001).ConclusionPCI affected MR. Pre‐PCI FFR and MR were independent predictors of post‐PCI changes in hyperaemic coronary flow. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Invasive angiography and revascularization in patients with stable angina following prior coronary artery bypass grafting: Results from the East Denmark heart registry
Authors: Joshi Francis R. , Biasco Luigi , Pedersen Frants , Holmvang Lene , Helqvist Steffen , Tilsted Hans‐Henrik , Abildgaard Ulrik , Kelbaek Henning , Lassen Jens F. , Jørgensen Erik , De Backer Ole , Engstrøm Thomas 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundThere are limited data to guide the optimum approach to patients presenting with angina after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Although often referred for invasive angiography, the effectiveness of this is unknown; angina may also result from diffuse distal or micro‐vascular coronary disease and it is not known how often targets for intervention are identified.MethodsRetrospective review of 50,460 patients undergoing angiography in East Denmark between January 2010 and December 2014. Clinical and procedural data were prospectively stored in a regional electronic database. Follow‐up data were available for all patients, by means of records linked to each Danish social security number.ResultsIn patients with prior CABG and stable angina (n = 2,309), diagnostic angiography led to revascularization in 574 (24.9%) cases. Chronic kidney disease (HR 1.93 [1.08–3.44], P = 0.027), significant angina (HR 1.49 [1.18–1.88], P = 0.006 for angina class ≥ II, and HR 2.04 [1.61–2.58], P < 0.001 for angina class ≥ III) and a positive pre‐procedural stress test (HR 2.56 [1.42–4.60], P < 0.001) were independent predictors of revascularization. Stress testing was, however, used less frequently than in patients without prior CABG (17.2% vs. 24.2%, P < 0.001). The positive predictive values for subsequent revascularization were 47.8%, 51.4%, and 66.9% for exercise ECG, stress echocardiography, and myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS), respectively.ConclusionsInvasive angiography leads to revascularization in a quarter of patients with angina and prior CABG; the threshold for referral may be too low. Non‐invasive stress testing predicts the need for revascularization but appears underused and MPS, in particular, may better identify patients likely to require revascularization. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hyperpolarization of Nitrogen‐15 Schiff Bases by Reversible Exchange Catalysis with para‐Hydrogen
Authors: Logan Angus W. J. , Theis Thomas , Colell Johannes F. P. , Warren Warren S. , Malcolmson Steven J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractNMR with thermal polarization requires relatively concentrated samples, particularly for nuclei with low abundance and low gyromagnetic ratios, such as 15N. We expand the substrate scope of SABRE, a recently introduced hyperpolarization method, to allow access to 15N‐enriched Schiff bases. These substrates show fractional 15N polarization levels of up to 2 % while having only minimal 1H enhancements.
ChemInform Abstract: Semiconductor‐Metal Transition in Bismuth Pyrochlores of the Bi2Pt2‐yIryO7 System.
Authors: BECK E. , KEMMLER‐SACK S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBi2Pt2O7, prepared for the first time under normal pressure, is a semiconductor and forms a continuous series of solid solutions with the metallic conductor Bi2Ir2O7.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Carbonate Equilibria. Part 16. Beryllium(II)‐Water‐Carbon Dioxide(g) System in Neutral‐to‐Alkaline 3.0 mol dm‐3 Perchlorate Media at 25 °C.
Authors: BRUNO J. , GRENTHE I. , MUNOZ M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSolubility and e.m.f. data are explained by assuming that (I) is the predominant species responsible for the solubility of β‐Be(OH)2 in bicarbonate solutions.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Surface Extended X‐Ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy of a Lead Monolayer at a Silver(111) Electrode/Electrolyte Interface.
Authors: SAMANT M. G. , BORGES G. L. , GORDON J. G. II , MELROY O. R. , BLUM L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA Pb adlayer on a Ag(111) electrode has been generated by underpotential deposition (UPD) from aqueous acetate solution, and its X‐ray absorption spectrum is obtained, at the PbLIII edge, with the use of fluorescence detection and grazing incidence excitation.
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrahigh Resolution in Proton NMR Spectra at 500 MHz: Two‐Bond Intrinsic Chlorine and Silicon Isotope Effects.
Authors: ANET F. A. L. , KOPELEVICH M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIt is shown that 37Cl/35Cl isotope effects on the 1H chemical shifts in chlorinated methanes CH3Cl, CHDCl2, and CHCl3 are about + 0.2 ppb (ca.
ChemInform Abstract: Dynamics of the Wolff Rearrangement: Spectroscopic Evidence of Oxirene Intermediate.
Authors: TANIGAKI K. , EBBESEN T. W. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSpectroscopic and trapping experiments point to the fact that the first intermediate detected in the photolysis of the diazoketone (I) is the oxirene (III) and that the ketone (IV) is formed from it giving the final product, the acid (V), by reaction with water.
ChemInform Abstract: Do the Organocopper Conjugate Additions to α,β‐Unsaturated Esters Proceed in a 1,4‐ or 1,2‐Fashion?.
Authors: YAMAMOTO Y. , YAMADA J. , UYEHARA T. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe organocopper conjugate addition to methyl tiglate (I) or angelate (IV) followed by protonolysis gives the syn (II) and anti (III) adducts in the same isomer ratio.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple Syntheses of 2‐Hydroxymethyl‐1,3‐propanediol and Related Compounds.
Authors: LATOUR S. , WUEST J. D. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract2‐Hydroxymethyl‐2‐nitro‐1,3‐propanediol (Ia) is converted to the title compound (Va) by consecutive acylation, replacement of the nitro group by hydrogen, and methanolysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Dihydropentalenes.
Authors: MEIER H. , PAULI A. , KOLSHORN H. , KOCHHAN P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractApplying the MNDO method the enthalpies of formation and the frontier orbitals of the six isomeric dihydropentalenes are calculated (ΔHf = 50.7, 50.8, 54.9, 55.4 kcal/mol for (II)‐(V) in the order given and 59.0 and 60.0 kcal/mol for the 1,6a‐ and 1,3a‐dihydroisomer, respectively).
ChemInform Abstract: Phenylsulfonyl‐Substituted Octabisvalenes. Syntheses and Reactions.
Authors: RUECKER C. + 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe bis(phenylsulfonyl) derivative (X), the first derivative of octabisvalene, is synthesized in preparatively useful quantities in an eight‐step sequence starting from cis‐benzene trioxide (I) via the intermediates shown in the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Anilinomethylenepropanedioic Acid Alkyl Esters by Direct Condensation.
Authors: MUNOZ H. , TAMARIZ J. , ZAMORA H. S. , LAZARO M. , LABARRIOS F. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe anilines (I) are coupled with triethyl orthoformate (II) and diethyl malonate (III) in the presence of acetic anhydride and zinc chloride to produce the anilinomethylenemalonates (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Organosulfur Compounds. Part 42. N‐Bromosuccinimide‐Catalyzed Transesterification and Racemization of Sulfinates.
Authors: DRABOWICZ J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTransesterification of the sulfinates (III), prepared from the sulfinyl chlorides (I) and the alcohols (II), with an excess of the alcohols (IV) is catalyzed by N‐bromosuccinimide.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Conformation, and Structure of 8,11‐Bis(methoxycarbonyl)‐(6)paracyclophane.
Authors: TOBE Y. , NAKAYAMA A. , KAKIUCHI K. , ODAIRA Y. , KAI Y. , KASAI N. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPhotocycloaddition of the enone (I) with methyl acrylate (II) gives the isomeric adducts (III) and (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: The Gas‐Phase Photolysis of Perfluoro α‐Diazo Ketones: Furan Formation and the Involvement of Transient Oxirenes.
Authors: MAHAFFY P. G. , VISSER D. , TORRES M. , BOURDELANDE J. L. , STRAUSZ O. P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractGas‐phase photolysis of the diazo ketone (I) in the presence of hexafluoro‐2‐butyne (II) as the trapping agent yields the furan (III) as the main product.
ChemInform Abstract: Azadiene Chemistry. Part 8. Polycyclic Amines via Novel (2 + 2) Cycloaddition of Imine.
Authors: RAMMASH B. KH. , ATWOOD J. L. , WEEKS J. A. , WONG J. L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPerchloroazacyclopentadiene (I) reacts with norbornadiene (II) to give the azaaldrin (III) and the isoazaaldrin (IV) as reported previously, together with the urazole‐type adduct (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2,6‐Diformyl‐3‐hydroxypyridine Bis(N‐methyl‐N‐(2′‐pyridyl)hydrazone): A Pentadentate N,N,N,N,N‐Ligand for the Preparation of Chelating Resins.
Authors: BALDO M. A. , CHESSA G. , MARANGONI G. , PITTERI B. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of the title compound (VII) from 2‐bromopyridine (I) and 3‐hydroxypyridine (IV) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: A Derivative of 1,3‐Indandione from Phthalaldehyde.
Authors: DUSEMUND J. , KROEGER E. + 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTreatment of phthalic aldehyde (I) with sodium methoxide gives a mixture of the compounds (II) ‐ (IV) as a result of intramolecular Cannizzaro and subsequent reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Substituted Tetrahydroxy‐1,4‐benzoquinones.
Authors: DALLACKER F. , BOTH‐POLLMANN E.‐M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe tetraalkoxy‐p‐benzoquinones (II) and (VII) are prepared by treatment of the phenols (Ib), (V), or (VIII) with potassium nitrosodisulfonate or by oxidation of the corresponding hydroquinones (IIId) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Transformation of Pyrrolidine Enaminothiones into 4,5‐Dihydro‐6H‐thieno(2,3‐c)azepines.
Authors: DANNHARDT G. , GROBE A. , OBERGRUSBERGER R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe pyrrolidine enaminothiones (I) react with the bromomethyl ketones (II) to form the intermediate spiroheterocycles (III) which are rearranged with triethylamine, yielding the thienoazepins (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Equilibria Studies Involving Ligand Coordination to “Open Titanocenes”: Phosphine and Pentadienyl Cone Angle Influences and the Existence of these Electron‐Deficient Molecules.
Authors: STAHL L. , ERNST R. D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe phosphine adducts (I) are prepared in high yields by the two reactions shown in the scheme for the synthesis of (Ia).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Ring Inversion of the First Hafnocene Ditellurolene Chelate: ((η5‐C5H5)2Hf(1,2‐Te2C6H4)).
Authors: KLAPOETKE TH. + , KOEPF H. + , GOWIK P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe title complex (Ia) is the last missing member of the widely investigated subgroup (IV) metallocene dichalcogenolene chelate complexes (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Discharge Flow Kinetic Study of NO3 Reactions with Free Radicals: The Reaction of NO3 with Cl.
Authors: MELLOUKI A. , LE BRAS G. , POULET G. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe rate constant of the reaction shown in the scheme is directly measured using the discharge flow technique to be k1 = 2.6·10‐11 cm3 molecule‐1 s‐1at 298 K. The measurements are performed under pseudo‐first‐order conditions with NO3 in excess which is produced via the second reaction in the scheme (k2 = 2.7·10‐11 cm3 molecule‐1 s‐1.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Debromoaplysiatoxin and Aplysiatoxin.
Authors: PARK P. , BROKA C. A. , JOHNSON B. F. , KISHI Y. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of debromoaplysiatoxin (IXa) starts from the reaction between the sulfone (I) and the epoxide (II) and is carried out as shown in the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Morphological and Thermal Investigations of the “Active” Dimer Hydroxide of Chromium(III)
Authors: SPICCIA L. , MARTY W. , GIOVANOLI R. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract, (Cr2(μ‐OH)2(OH)4(OH2)4)·2 H2O (I), have been performed by means of IR spectroscopy, XRD, electron microscopy and thermal analysis (TG,DTG,DSC).
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Sulfur Compounds. Part 14. Reactions of 1,2,2,6,6‐Pentamethyl‐ 4‐oxothianium Tetrafluoroborate with Alkali Metal Halides in a Solid State.
Authors: OHASHI T. , TOKUNO K. , OTODA Y. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe oxothianium salt (I) mentioned in the title is treated with alkali halides in the solid state.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Thermal Reactions of New Cyclic Sulfur Ylides Possessing 10π Electrons, 8‐Alkyl‐1,3‐diphenyl‐2H‐dibenzo(b,f)cyclopenta(d)thiepinio‐2‐ides.
Authors: HORI M. , OKITSU M. , KATAOKA T. , SHIMIZU H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe cyclopentadienodibenzothiepin (II), prepared by reduction of the ketone (I), is alkylated with the iodides (III) in the presence of silver chlorate to form the thiaazulenium salts (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymatic Lactonization of γ‐Hydroxy Esters in Organic Solvents. Synthesis of Optically Pure γ‐Methylbutyrolactones and γ‐Phenylbutyrolactones.
Authors: GUTMAN A. L. , ZUOBI K. , BOLTANSKY A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe γ‐hydroxy esters (I) are cyclized with porcine pancreatic lipase to form the lactones (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Ab initio Studies of NH3···X2 Complexes.
Authors: KULKARNI G. V. , CHANDRA A. K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAb initio SCF MO calculations on molecular complexes of NH3 with Li2, C2, and N2 using the 4‐31G basis set show ammonia to form stable van der Waals' complexes with Li2 and C2.
ChemInform Abstract: Sintering and Mechanical Properties of Yttria‐Doped Tetragonal ZrO2 Polycrystal/Mullite Composites.
Authors: ISHITSUKA M. , SATO T. , ENDO T. , SHIMADA M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSintering of the title composites at 1450‐1500 °C in air causes development of rodlike mullite grains (aspect ratio > 2) at the grain boundaries.
ChemInform Abstract: Phase Equilibria in the Iron Oxide‐Cobalt Oxide‐Phosphorus Oxide System.
Authors: DE GUIRE M. R. , PRASANNA T. R. S. , KALONJI G. , O'HANDLEY R. C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDetermination of the solid‐state equilibria in the Fe2O3‐FePO4‐Co3(PO4)2‐CoO system in air at 1000 °C show the previously unknown compounds CoFe(PO4)O (I) and Co3Fe4(PO4)6 (II) to be stable.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxygen Evolution on Ru and RuO2 Electrodes Studied Using Isotope Labelling and On‐Line Mass Spectrometry.
Authors: WOHLFAHRT‐MEHRENS M. , HEITBAUM J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe isotope labelling experiments clearly show that the oxide layer is involved in the O2 evolution process on Ru electrodes that are oxidized in H2O and on RuO2 film electrodes.
ChemInform Abstract: Variation of Catalytic Activity over PtRe/γ‐Al2O3.
Authors: AUGUSTINE S. M. , SACHTLER W. M. H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe hydrogenolysis and the deuterium exchange of cyclopentane have been studied over a series of PtRe/γ‐Al2O3 catalysts with similar metal loading but varying Pt/Re ratios.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselectivity of Addition of Thiols and Amines to Conjugated Allenic Ketones and Esters.
Authors: SUGITA T. , EIDA M. , ITO H. , KOMATSU N. , ABE K. , SUAMA M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe allenyl ketones (I) are coupled with the thiols or amines (II) to give the adducts (III) and/or (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Photoactivation of Metal Oxide Surfaces: Photocatalyzed Oxidation of Alcohols by Heteropolytungstates.
Authors: FOX M. A. , CARDONA R. , GAILLARD E. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPhotoinduced oxidation of alcohols such as (I) catalyzed by several tungstates of varying structural complexity (e.g.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemistry of Polyenes. Part 24. Regioselective Photoisomerization of Fluoro Aryl Dienes. Role of Dipolar Intermediates of Excited Dienes.
Authors: MUTHURAMU K. , LIU R. S. H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWith the exception of (Ia), all photoisomerizations are highly regioselective, favoring formation of 4‐cis isomers (IIb)‐(IId).
ChemInform Abstract: The Biscycloadduct of Hexamethyl‐2,4‐cyclohexadienone and a 1,4‐Benzadiyne Equivalent.
Authors: OK D. , HART H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe diaminobenzobistriazole (I) which is a synthetic equivalent of 1,4‐benzadiyne reacts with the hexamethylcyclohexadienone (II) in the presence of lead tetraacetate to produce the bisadduct (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Thiophene as a Structural Element of Physiologically Active Compounds. Part 16. Thienoisoxazoles by Substitution at the Oxime Nitrogen.
Authors: BINDER D. , NOE C. R. , HOLZER W. , BAUMANN K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe hydroxythienopyranone (I) reacts with hydroxylamine to produce the thienoisoxazole (II).
ChemInform Abstract: An Entry to the Optically Pure β‐Lactam Skeleton Based on 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Nitrones to 4,6‐Di‐O‐acetyl‐2,3‐dideoxy‐D‐threo‐hex‐2‐ enone‐1,5‐lactone.
Authors: PANFIL I. , BELZECKI C. , CHMIELEWSKI M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCycloaddition reaction of the nitrones (II) with the unsaturated lactone (I) yields stereoselectively the adducts (III) as the main products, together with (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of New 1‐Vinylimidazoles.
Authors: OGATA M. , MATSUMOTO H. , SHIMIZU S. , KIDA S. , SHIRO M. , TAWARA K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractReaction of the o‐hydroxyacetophenones (I) with the sulfoxides (II) gives the 1‐vinylimidazoles and ‐triazoles (III) which are alkylated to yield the derivatives (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Endoperoxides as Potential Antimalarial Agents.
Authors: KEPLER J. A. , PHILIP A. , LEE Y. W. , MUSALLAM H. A. , CARROLL F. I. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPhotooxygenation of the dienes (VIII) which are obtained from the octalin derivative (I) as outlined in the reaction scheme gives the corresponding endoperoxides (IXa) ‐ (IXc).
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Sulfenes with Heterocyclic N,N‐Disubstituted α‐Aminomethylene Ketones. Part 8. Synthesis of 1,2‐Oxathiino(6,5‐f)quinazoline Derivatives.
Authors: MENOZZI G. , BARGAGNA A. , MOSTI L. , SCHENONE P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe aminomethylenequinazolinones (I) react with the sulfene (II), generated in situ from methanesulfonyl chloride and triethylamine, to give the adducts (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Ethylation of Pyrazines Using Alkylmetals, such as Triethylaluminum, Diethylzinc, and Triethylborane.
Authors: OHTA A. , OHTA M. , IGARASHI Y. , SAEKI K. , YUASA K. , MORI T. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractEthylation of the chloropyrazines (I) with triethylborane (II) yields the ethyl derivatives (III), together with the dechlorinated by‐products (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Action of Nitrogen Nucleophiles on Oxiranes of β‐Aroylacrylic Acids.
Authors: OMRAN S. A. , SALEM M. A. I. , HARB N. S. , MARZOUK M. I. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe epoxides (II) are subjected to various conversions such as basic hydrolysis or condensation with the N‐nucleophiles (V) and (VIII) or hydroxylamine hydrochloride.
ChemInform Abstract: Rearrangement of a Substituted Epoxytetrahydropyran to the Corresponding Tetrahydrofurancarbaldehyde.
Authors: SEQUIN U. , SCHNEIDER A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTreatment of the epoxytetrahydropyran (I) with N,N‐(dimethyl)trimethylsilylamine (II) in the presence of aluminum chloride gives the chlorosilyl ether (III) and the ring contraction product (IV) instead of the expected β‐amino silyl ether.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis, Structure, and Some Reactions of Sterically Hindered α‐Silylisoxazoles.
Authors: BORTH M. , BOWLES K. D. , SCHLICKSUPP L. , NATALE N. R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractReaction of the isoxazoles (I) with butyllithium at ‐78°C, followed by coupling with the organosilyl chlorides (II) yields the 5‐silylmethylisoxazoles (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Phosphorylation of N‐(α‐Chlorobenzyl)benzimidoyl Chloride with Trivalent Phosphorus Compounds.
Authors: SUVALOVA E. A. , CHUDAKOVA T. I. , ONYS'KO P. P. , SINITSA A. D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn the phosphorylation reaction of the benzimidoyl chloride (II) with the phosphine (Ia), the phosphinite (Ib), or the phosphite (Id), the chlorine atom at the sp3 carbon atoms is substituted, yielding the phosphonium salt (III), the phosphine oxide (IVb), or the phosphonate (IVc).