bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the detection performance of [18F]FDG PET/CT with CT on bone metastases: randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Chang Yujie , Gu Yifeng , Ruan Shunyi , Xu Shengyu , Sun Jing , Jiang Zhiyuan , Yao Guangyu , Wang Zhiyu , Zhao Hui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Bone biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing bone metastases. However, there is no clinical consensus regarding the optimal imaging test for locating the puncture site.
Methods
We compared the performance of [18F]FDG PET/CT with CT in detecting bone metastases to achieve the highest biopsy efficiency. This registered prospective study enrolled 273 patients with bone lesions who were treated between January 2020 and March 2021. Patients were randomly assigned to undergo [18F]FDG PET/CT or CT to locate the puncture site before bone biopsy. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, second biopsy rate, diagnostic time and cost-effectiveness of the two imaging tests were compared.
Results
The accuracy and sensitivity of [18F]FDG PET/CT group in the diagnosis of bone metastases were significantly higher than CT group(97.08% vs. 90.44%, 98.76% vs. 92.22%, P<0.05). The second biopsy rate was significantly lower in the PET/CT group (2.19% vs. 5.15%; P < 0.05). The diagnostic time of PET/CT was 18.33 ± 2.08 days, which was significantly shorter than 21.28 ± 1.25 days in CT group ( P< 0.05). The cost of [18F] FDG PETCT is 11428.35 yuan, and the cost of CT is 13287.52 yuan; the incremental cost is 1859.17 yuan. SUVmax > 6.3 combined with ALP > 103 U/L showed a tendency for tumor metastases with an AUC of 0.901 (95%CI 0.839 to 0.946, P<0.001).
Conclusion
[18F]FDG PET/CT is more effective and less costly than CT in locating optimal bone biopsy site. Thus, [18F]FDG PET/CT should be considered the optimal imaging test for locating the optimal puncture site for bone biopsy.
Trial registration
The prospective study was registered on 20180410, and the registration number is ChiCTR1800015540.
Efficacy of Dupilumab in CRSwNP treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hashim Hashim Talib , Khan Nashmiya , Umar Muhammad , Al-Ghuraibawi Mohammedbaqer Ali , Zubaidi Mustafa Sabeeh Lafta , Basalilah Ashraf Fhed Mohammed , Al-Mukhtar Mahmoud Mussleh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
to evaluate efficacy of dupilumab in the treatment of CRSwNP.
Background
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) represents an inflammation of the nasal and sinus mucosa, it is not uncommon disease. Patient with CRSwNP is presented nasal obstruction, facial pain, recurrent sinus infections, and anosmia. Dupilumab is an inhibitor of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) signaling pathways.
Method
A systematic review was conducted, strictly following the PRISMA guidelines. Search went through many databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Consensus, and Google scholar. 60 studies were acquired from the search and only four study included in this systematic review. Risk of biases were evaluated with acceptable results.
Results
Four studies included in this systematic review, primary outcomes including Lund-Mackay CT total score, Loss-of-smell score, Smell test (UPSIT) score, SNOT-22 total score, Bilateral endoscopic nasal polyp score, and Nasal congestion or obstruction score have shown a non-significant difference between placebo and dupilumab groups. Dupilumab group is associated. With higher level of blood eosinophils when compared with placebo group.
Conclusion
Dupilumab has shown a beneficial use in treating CRSwNP, its works on inhibiting the signaling pathways of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13).
Ghrelin increases cis-platinum resistance and promotes aggressiveness of osteosarcoma by activating AKT and Wnt/β- catenin pathways
Authors: Cong Menglin , Li Shufeng , Fu Yu , Wang Ting , Wei Huizhen , Ma Xiaojie , Liu Fangming , Sheng XieHuang , Long Kehan , Hou Haocheng , Sun Xuecheng , Li Weiwei , Zhang Lei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone malignancy because of its extra high tendency of metastasis. In-depth research is needed to uncover the pathogenesis of patients with OS cells. We collected 74 tissue samples from patients with OS cells and measured the expression levels of ghrelin by immunohistochemistry. Ghrelin was added into OS cell lines in CCK8 assays, JC-1 staining and Western blot analysis were performed to explore its effect on the aggressiveness of OS cells and drug resistance. To determine its function, ghrelin was overexpressed or knocked down in OS cells and then detect cell proliferation in the xenograft mouse model and orthotopic model. Western blot analysis was performed to explore ghrelin-regulated signal pathways. In this work, we identified the relation between the level of ghrelin expression and poor prognosis of OS patients. As well as promoting proliferation, migration, and invation, ghrelin promotes the survival of OS in vitro as well as in vivo, and reduces the apoptosis of OS cells. What’s more, ghrelin increases the resistance of cis-platinum by changing mitochondrial function and decreases the expression of MRP-1. Above all, these results demonstrated ghrelin exerts tumorigenic and metastatic effects and may be a potential therapeutic target.
Identification of Quasi-specific binding sites of Cro-, λ- and Gal- repressor proteins within Escherichia coli bacterial and Enterobacteria phage λ viral Genomes
Authors: Kumar Mahendra , Saw Satish , Chandra Navin , Gupta Kishore Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Binding of Proteins with DNA molecules is one of the fundamental bases of life. A protein may have one or more natural binding site within its cognate genome. There may be some other sites within a genome which have slightly lower binding affinity for the protein than its binding affinity with the natural binding site. These sites are quasi-specific binding sites of the proteins. Very little is known about the presence and role of such quasi-specific binding sites within a genome. In the present work we have predicted large number of quasi-specific sites for Cro-Repressor & λ-repressor within foreign E. coli genome. For Gal-repressor we find only one such site within foreign Bacteriophage λ genome. While in case of the cognate genomes of the three repressor proteins we found very less number of quasi-specific binding sites for the three proteins. This indicates that quasi-specific sites may be behaving as close competitors for protein’s binding hence nature have evolved in such a way that a protein can have only very less number of quasi-specific sites within its cognate genome. Because large number of such quasi-specific sites of a protein within its cognate genome will increase the competition during target search by the protein and eventually cause interference in natural binding of the protein through slowing down the binding process of the protein to its natural sites. Whereas in case of a foreign genome a protein does not have its natural binding site within the genome hence it may have any number of quasi-specific binding sites within it.
Preclinical evaluation of CAR20(NAP)-T cells for B cell lymphoma
Authors: Ma Jing , Sarén Tina , Jin Chuan , Kim Hyeong Su , Pineda Paola Donaji Contreras , Bernard Marina , Amini Rose-Marie , Enblad Gunilla , Yu Di , Essand Magnus 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

CD19-targeted CAR-T cell therapy has shown striking results against B cell malignancies, which has led to the approval of four CD19CAR-T cell products in the USA and EU. However, in long-term follow up evaluations it has become evident that many patients relapse after CD19CAR-T cell treatment and then in many cases present with CD19-negative tumors. In that case renewed CAR-T cell therapy targeting CD20 could be an option for lymphoma patients. Our previous study showed that CAR-T cells armed with immunomodulatory neutrophil-activating protein (NAP) from Helicobacter pylori (termed CAR(NAP)-T) can trigger the endogenous T-cell mediated immune response and further eliminate “CAR-target-antigen-negative” tumor cells. Here, we report the development of CD20-targeted (targeting moiety from Rituximab) CAR-T cells (CAR20-T cells), as well as the NAP-armed CAR20(NAP)-T cells and their pre-clinical evaluations in a murine lymphoma model. CAR20-T cells displayed efficient and specific cytotoxic potential against multiple human B cell lymphoma cell lines in vitro. In addition, primary mantle cell lymphoma cells isolated from a patient who relapsed after Rituximab treatment were also killed by CAR20-T cells. CAR20(NAP)-T cell treated mice showed delayed tumor growth and prolonged survival and NAP did not induce any severe toxicity. Human blood from healthy volunteers was exposed to recombinant NAP protein in an ex vivo human whole blood loop assay, without resulting in excessive cytokine release of immune cell activation, indicating a safe profile as a therapeutic transgene. CAR20(NAP)-T cells are worth further investigation especially in patients relapsing with CD19-negative tumors after CD19CAR-T cell therapy.
People Living With HIV have a prolonged virus shedding duration even with anti-SARS-CoV-2 treatment：a retrospective cohort study in Wuhan, China
Authors: Du Qian , Xu Li , Chen Qianhui , Wu Songjie , Liu Jie , Tan Yuting , Song Shihui , Tan Miao , Guo Wei , Ke Hengning , Zou Shi , Liang Ke 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the clearance of SARS-CoV-2 in people living with HIV (PLWH) after receiving anti-SARS-CoV-2 treatment and the relevant factors.
Methods
A retrospective investigation was conducted based on clinical data of patients with anti-SARS-CoV-2 treatment between December 2022 and June 2023. The patients were categorized into PLWH and HIV-negative groups. Basic information, comorbidity, COVID-19 severity, white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, anti-SARS-CoV-2 medicine, steroid usage, and SARS-CoV-2 virus shedding duration were collected. The Kaplan-Meier curve was employed to compare virus shedding rates, and multivariate logistic regression and Cox regression analyses were utilized to identify factors influencing SARS-CoV-2 virus shedding duration.
Results
A total of 149 patients with COVID-19 (32 PLWH and 117 HIV-negative individuals) were enrolled in the study. The median estimated virus shedding duration for PLWH group and HIV-negative group are 21 days and 14 days, respectively (P < 0.001). The virus shedding rates at the 5th day were 15.63% and 60.68% (P < 0.001), and at the 28th day were 87.50% and 97.44% (P = 0.019) for PLWH and HIV-negative groups, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HIV infection (OR = 0.026, 95% CI: 0.004–0.159) and lymphocyte count at admission (OR = 4.341, 95% CI: 1.536–12.265) were independent factors influencing virus shedding at 5th day (P < 0.05). Compared to the mild COVID-19 group, the moderate and severe groups had significant impacts on virus shedding at both the 5th and the 28th day (P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that age (OR = 0.977, 95% CI: 0.963–0.991), HIV infection (OR = 0.351, 95% CI: 0.197–0.626), duration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapy initiation (OR = 0.827, 95% CI: 0.786–0.871), and lymphocyte count (OR = 1.999, 95% CI: 1.372–2.914) were independent factors influencing SARS-CoV-2 virus shedding duration at the 28th day (P < 0.05). Compared to the mild COVID-19 group, the moderate, severe, and critically ill groups had statistically significant impacts on nucleic acid conversion (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
PLWH with COVID-19 had a prolonged virus shedding duration even with anti-SARS-CoV-2 treatment, which could lead to more opportunities to accumulate multiple mutations and induce resistance to anti-SARS-CoV-2 medicines.
Clinical implications of early blood transfusion after kidney transplantation
Authors: Kang Minyu , Koh Hwa-Hee , Yim Seung Hyuk , Choi Mun Chae , Kim Hyun Jeong , Kim Hyung Woo , Yang Jaeseok , Kim Beom Seok , Huh Kyu Ha , Kim Myoug Soo , Lee Juhan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Pre-transplantation red blood cell transfusion (RBCT) is a well-recognized cause of allosensitization. However, the effects of RBCT after kidney transplantation remain controversial. This study evaluates the impacts of RBCT within the first 30 days post-transplantation (early RBCT) with regard to long-term patient and graft outcomes.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 785 patients who underwent HLA- and ABO-compatible kidney transplantation between 2014 and 2020. Patients were categorized based on whether they received early RBCT.
Results
Overall, 18.9% of patients received early RBCT. On multivariable analysis, early RBCT was independently associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 2.264; 95% CI, 1.186–4.324; P = 0.013) and death-censored graft loss (hazard ratio, 1.995; 95% CI, 1.045–3.810; P = 0.036). Cumulative incidence of antibody-mediated rejection was significantly higher in the early RBCT group (P = 0.024). In the sensitivity analysis, the early RBCT significantly increased the risk of patient mortality (P = 0.017), death-censored graft loss (P = 0.018) and antibody-mediated rejection (P = 0.05), regardless of the donor profile.
Conclusions
Early post-transplantation RBCT was associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality, graft loss, and antibody-mediated rejection, highlighting the need for reconsideration of transfusion practices following kidney transplantation.
Global burden of bacterial skin diseases from 1990 to 2045: An analysis based on Global Burden Disease data
Authors: Gu Jiaxu , Wang Jiaming , Li Yannan , Li Lianjie , Zou Yanfen , Guo Yang , Yu Bo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background The global burden of bacterial skin diseases has not been well evaluated.Objective We aimed to describe the burden and trend of bacterial skin diseases, to explore potential associated factors, and to predict the burden up to 2045.Methods Data on incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of bacterial skin diseases were obtained from Global Burden of Disease 2021. We used average annual percent change (AAPC) by Joinpoint Regression to quantify the temporal trends. We conducted decomposition analysis to understand the contribution of aging, epidemiological changes, and population growth. Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort model was used to predict burden up to 2045.Results Global incidence rate of bacterial skin diseases increased from 8,988.74 per 100,000 in 1990 to 10,823.88 per 100,000, with AAPC of 0.62% (0.61 ~ 0.63%). The highest incidence rate was in low Socio-demographic Index (SDI) region and population aged < 35. The DALY rate increased from 20.82 per 100,000 in 1990 to 25.45 per 100,000 in 2021, with AAPC of -0.11% (-0.34 ~ 0.13%). The highest increase of DALY was in high SDI region and population aged > 85. The major drivers of incident case rise were population growth, followed by epidemiological changes; the major drivers of DALY case rise were population growth, followed by aging. Increasing trends were seen in prediction of incidence rate, incident cases and DALY cases; decreasing trend of DALY rate prediction was seen.Conclusion The incidence of bacterial skin diseases increased and varied considerably. The targeted prevention and treatment are needed to reduce burden of bacterial skin disease.
Knowledge, attitude and practice among adult Lebanese patients with epilepsy and impact on seizure control: a cross sectional descriptive study
Authors: Kassem Nada , Houssein Soumaya , Fahs Iqbal , Lahoud Nathalie , Akel Marwan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Epilepsy is the fourth most prevalent neurological disorder accounting for more than 50 million cases worldwide. Religious and sociocultural beliefs influence the nature of treatment and care received by epileptic patients. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), almost 94% of epileptic patients in developing nations are not taking the appropriate therapy to control their seizure leading to a higher incidence of lifelong active epilepsies in these regions. With no related data in Lebanon, this study sought to assess the knowledge, the attitude, and the practice towards epilepsy among adult Lebanese epileptic patients and the associated factors
Methods:This was a cross-sectional descriptive study approved by the ethical committee at the Lebanese international university. The sample was drawn randomly from community pharmacies based on stratified cluster sampling and the strata were the six districts of Lebanon. Sixty community pharmacies constituted the primary sampling units, and ten pharmacies were randomly selected from the districts using the Research Randomizer computer program. Patients aged eighteen years and above with at least two years of diagnosis with epilepsy, who came for normal medications or para-pharmaceuticals were enrolled in the study. The enrolled participants were directly interviewed by the clinical pharmacists after providing their oral informed consent. The data collection sheet was established based on validated and standardized questionnaires including The Epilepsy Patient Knowledge Profile (EPQK) and The Kilifi Epilepsy Beliefs and Attitudes tool (KEBAS). Data were analysed using the Statistical Package of the Social Sciences software (SPSS, version 21).
Results: A Total of 134 epileptic patients (53% females, 47% males) with a mean age of 36.53 ± 13.15 years were included in this study. Most respondents had attained a minimum of secondary school education (91.3%). The most-reported seizure type was generalized seizure (26%). Approximately 64% of the studied patients had good seizure control. Most of the patients had good knowledge (82%) and a positive attitude (98%) toward their disease with almost two-thirds having a good practice (63%) as well. There were no statistically significant associations between the level of knowledge, attitude, or practice with seizure control (p= 0.14, p=1 and p=0.25, respectively). However, a statistically significant association was identified between the knowledge and educational level (p<0.001), Knowledge and Occupation, and between Practice and the educational levels of patients (P=0.015).
Palliative care of proximal femur metastatic disease and osteolytic lesions: results following surgical and radiation treatment
Authors: Mehnert Elisabeth , Möller Fränze Sophie , Hofbauer Christine , Weidlich Anne , Winkler Doreen , Troost Esther G.C. , Jentsch Christina , Kamin Konrad , Mäder Marcel , Schaser Klaus-Dieter , Fritzsche Hagen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Femoral bone metastases (FBM) or lesions (FBL) can lead to loss of mobility and independence due to skeletal-related events (SRE), e.g. pain, deformity and pathological fractures. Aim of this study was to analyze effects of radiotherapy and surgery, different surgical techniques and complications on disease-specific survival (DSS).
Methods
Patients who underwent palliative therapy for FBM or FBL between 2014–2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Chi-square test was used to detect intergroup differences. Survival was calculated using Kaplan-Meier method, Cox regression and compared using log-rank test. Complications were evaluated using Chi-Square test.
Results
145 patients were treated for proximal femoral BM/OBL or pathologic fractures (10 bilaterally). Three groups were classified: surgery only (S, n = 53), surgery with adjuvant radiation (S/RT, n = 58), and primary radiation only (RT, n = 44). Most common primary tumors were breast (n = 31), prostate (n = 27), and non-small cell lung cancer (n = 27). 47 patients underwent surgery for an impending, 61 for a manifest pathological fracture. There were no significant differences in DSS between the 3 groups (S = 29.8, S/RT = 32.2, RT = 27.1 months), with the S + RT group having the longest one-year survival. Local complications occurred in 25 of 145 patients after a mean interval of 9.9 months.
Conclusion
Due to the steadily increasing incidence and survival of patients with FBM/FBL, indication for prevention and treatment of painful and immobilizing SREs should be critically assessed. Surgical treatment should always be performed with maximum stability and, whenever possible, adjuvant RT.
IGF2 confers genetic susceptibility to the risk of ischemic stroke with differential mRNA expression in leukocytes
Authors: Xie Haining , Chen Changying , Han Xu , Wang Jing , Wei Lai , Ren Zhanyun , Li Jie , Gu Shiyuan , Wu Nan , Du Mengxue , Fei Suhai , Chen Yan , Jin Yuelong , Zhu Lijun , Fang Zhengmei , Yao Yingshui , Shen Chong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), has been proven to be involved in vascular health, neuroprotection, and inflammation modulation which are relevant to the mechanism of ischemic stroke (IS). This study aimed to investigate the effect of IGF2 variants and mRNA expression on IS.
Method Three tag SNPs rs3741211, rs10770125, rs2585 were genotyped in a case-control study and two cohorts to evaluate the genetic effect on the incidence and prognosis of IS. IGF2 mRNA expression in leukocytes was measured.
Results In the case-control study, the variations of rs3741211 and rs2585 were significantly associated with the increased risk of IS and odds ratios (ORs) of dominant model were 1.130 and 1.151. The association of rs3741211 and IS remains significant in hypertension group (adjusted OR: 1.268; P = 0.003) with additive interactions of hypertension (P < 0.05). IGF2 mRNA expression of IS cases were significantly lower than controls (fold change = 0.740, P = 0.002) and there was a nonlinear relationship between IGF2 mRNA expression of IS (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the variations of rs3741211, rs10770125, and rs2585 are significantly associated with increased expression levels of IGF2 mRNA (P < 0.05). Additionally, a negative correlation was observed between IGF2 mRNA level and both National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores in IS patients after discharge (P < 0.05).
Conclusions The study reveals that IGF2 gene is associated with the susceptibility of IS and rs3741211, rs10770125, and rs2585 may affect the expression levels of IGF2 mRNA. Furthermore, IGF2 mRNA level was downregulated in IS patients and negatively correlate with poor prognosis.