bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial Carriers Link the Catabolism of Hydroxyaromatic Compounds to the Central Metabolism in Candida parapsilosis
Authors: Zeman Igor , Neboháčová Martina , Gérecová Gabriela , Katonová Kornélia , Jánošíková Eva , Jakúbková Michaela , Centárová Ivana , Dunčková Ivana , Tomáška L'ubomír , Pryszcz Leszek P , Gabaldón Toni , Nosek Jozef 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The pathogenic yeast Candida parapsilosis metabolizes hydroxyderivatives of benzene and benzoic acid to compounds channeled into central metabolism, including the mitochondrially localized tricarboxylic acid cycle, via the 3-oxoadipate and gentisate pathways. The orchestration of both catabolic pathways with mitochondrial metabolism as well as their evolutionary origin is not fully understood. Our results show that the enzymes involved in these two pathways operate in the cytoplasm with the exception of the mitochondrially targeted 3-oxoadipate CoA-transferase (Osc1p) and 3-oxoadipyl-CoA thiolase (Oct1p) catalyzing the last two reactions of the 3-oxoadipate pathway. The cellular localization of the enzymes indicates that degradation of hydroxyaromatic compounds requires a shuttling of intermediates, cofactors, and products of the corresponding biochemical reactions between cytosol and mitochondria. Indeed, we found that yeast cells assimilating hydroxybenzoates increase the expression of genes SFC1, LEU5, YHM2, and MPC1 coding for succinate/fumarate carrier, coenzyme A carrier, oxoglutarate/citrate carrier, and the subunit of pyruvate carrier, respectively. A phylogenetic analysis uncovered distinct evolutionary trajectories for sparsely distributed gene clusters coding for enzymes of both pathways. Whereas the 3-oxoadipate pathway appears to have evolved by vertical descent combined with multiple losses, the gentisate pathway shows a striking pattern suggestive of horizontal gene transfer to the evolutionarily distant Mucorales.
Advances in Understanding Mating Type Gene Organization in the Mushroom-Forming FungusFlammulina velutipes
Authors: Wang Wei , Lian Lingdan , Xu Ping , Chou Tiansheng , Mukhtar Irum , Osakina Aron , Waqas Muhammad , Chen Bingzhi , Liu Xinrui , Liu Fang , Xie Baogui , van Peer Arend F 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe initiation of sexual development in the important edible and medicinal mushroom Flammulina velutipes is controlled by special genes at two different, independent, mating type (MAT) loci: HD and PR. We expanded our understanding of the F. velutipes mating type system by analyzing the MAT loci from a series of strains. The HD locus of F. velutipes houses homeodomain genes (Hd genes) on two separated locations: sublocus HD-a and HD-b. The HD-b subloci contained strain-specific Hd1/Hd2 gene pairs, and crosses between strains with different HD-b subloci indicated a role in mating. The function of the HD-a sublocus remained undecided. Many, but not all strains contained the same conserved Hd2 gene at the HD-a sublocus. The HD locus usually segregated as a whole, though we did detect one new HD locus with a HD-a sublocus from one parental strain, and a HD-b sublocus from the other. The PR locus of F. velutipes contained pheromone receptor (STE3) and pheromone precursor (Pp) genes at two locations, sublocus PR-a and PR-b. PR-a and PR-b both contained sets of strain-specific STE3 and Pp genes, indicating a role in mating. PR-a and PR-b cosegregated in our experiments. However, the identification of additional strains with identical PR-a, yet different PR-b subloci, demonstrated that PR subloci can recombine within the PR locus. In conclusion, at least three of the four MAT subloci seem to participate in mating, and new HD and PR loci can be generated through intralocus recombination in F. velutipes.
A Pedigree-Based Map of Recombination in the Domestic Dog Genome
Authors: Campbell Christopher L , Bhérer Claude , Morrow Bernice E , Boyko Adam R , Auton Adam 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMeiotic recombination in mammals has been shown to largely cluster into hotspots, which are targeted by the chromatin modifier PRDM9. The canid family, including wolves and dogs, has undergone a series of disrupting mutations in this gene, rendering PRDM9 inactive. Given the importance of PRDM9, it is of great interest to learn how its absence in the dog genome affects patterns of recombination placement. We have used genotypes from domestic dog pedigrees to generate sex-specific genetic maps of recombination in this species. On a broad scale, we find that placement of recombination events in dogs is consistent with that in mice and apes, in that the majority of recombination occurs toward the telomeres in males, while female crossing over is more frequent and evenly spread along chromosomes. It has been previously suggested that dog recombination is more uniform in distribution than that of humans; however, we found that recombination in dogs is less uniform than in humans. We examined the distribution of recombination within the genome, and found that recombination is elevated immediately upstream of the transcription start site and around CpG islands, in agreement with previous studies, but that this effect is stronger in male dogs. We also found evidence for positive crossover interference influencing the spacing between recombination events in dogs, as has been observed in other species including humans and mice. Overall our data suggests that dogs have similar broad scale properties of recombination to humans, while fine scale recombination is similar to other species lacking PRDM9.
Non-Mendelian Dominant Maternal Effects Caused by CRISPR/Cas9 Transgenic Components inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Lin Chun-Chieh , Potter Christopher J 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe CRISPR/Cas9 system has revolutionized genomic editing. The Cas9 endonuclease targets DNA via an experimentally determined guide RNA (gRNA). This results in a double-strand break at the target site . We generated transgenic Drosophila melanogaster in which the CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to target a GAL4 transgene in vivo. To our surprise, progeny whose genomes did not contain CRISPR/Cas9 components were still capable of mutating GAL4 sequences. We demonstrate this effect was caused by maternal deposition of Cas9 and gRNAs into the embryo, leading to extensive GAL4 mutations in both somatic and germline tissues. This serves as a cautionary observation on the effects of maternal contributions when conducting experiments using genomically encoded CRISPR/Cas9 components. These results also highlight a mode of artificial inheritance in which maternal contributions of DNA editing components lead to transmissible mutant defects even in animals whose genomes lack the editing components. We suggest calling this a dominant maternal effect to reflect it is caused by the gain of maternally contributed products. Models of CRISPR-mediated gene drive will need to incorporate dominant maternal effects in order to accurately predict the efficiency and dynamics of gene drive in a population.
Between Identity and Interest: Revisiting Sharia Bylaw in Current Indonesia
Authors: Garadian Endi Aulia 
Published: October 2016

The emergence of sharia bylaws in several regions in Indonesia is increasingly worrisome. In many cases, they have generated socio-religious problems within society such as preventing the establishment of a house of worship and forbidding of religious activities, especially for minority sects such as Ahmadiyya and Shi’a. Furthermore, they also produce the discrimination against women. For example, in Tangerang City, a female worker was arrested by Civil Service Police Unit (Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja, Satpol PP) because she was accused of being prostitute because she returned home at night. Unfortunately, the basis of accusation is Perda Kota Tangerang No. 5, 2005.One of the prominent factors giving occasion to the emergence of those sharia bylaws is the political opportunity after the decline of Suharto’s New Order. Afterwards, the falling regime became a sign of this glitch. Ignoring the fact that they produce many problems within society, local governments still repeatedly produce sharia bylaws.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v23i2.3672
Estimates of Healthcare – An Investigation with Probit Model
Authors: Pandey Shivesh 
Published: October 2016

<div><p><em>Health systems with universal health care coverage aspire to achieve horizontal equity, commonly defined as equal access to health care services for equal need. While equal access presupposes that individuals are given equal opportunities to access services, the goal of equal utilization for equal need implies a different set of conditions. Although inequity in utilization may not solely reflect inappropriate or unfair differentials in service use, revealing instead different preferences or culture (Oliver and Mossialos 2004), it is the measure of equity most commonly studied to date. In this paper we investigate utilization of health services in the absence of data on access, consistent with other studies. There has been considerable research in the area of equity in utilization of health services in past decades focussing on the general adult population and using cross-sectional data sources. Studies in the India are not conclusive, although they suggest that utilization of primary care and hospital services, after adjusting for health care need, is equitable or pro-poor, whereas preventive and specialist care tends to favour the better off. Some empirical studies and reviews of the literature contend that GP and inpatient service use is pro-poor (O'Donnell and Propper 1991; Propper 1998; Goddard and Smith 2001; Dixon et al 2006. Several European studies have investigated socio-economic differences in the use of services among the older population after adjusting for self-reported health status.</em></p></div>
Aspek Hukum Subyek Pajak Bentuk Usaha Tetap Menurut Hukum Positif di Indonesia
Authors: Santo Paulus Aluk Fajar Dwi 
Published: October 2016

PE (Permanent Establishment) is an international tax terminology which is a consequence of the operations of the base/fixed sites in the treaty partner country, after fulfilling certain conditions stipulated in the Tax Treaty or the Act, such as: types of business activities conducted in the country treaty partner, source of income and the term ("Time Test"). The existence of permanent establishments of this affect a country's right to impose a tax on the object is meant. Status BUT in practice still needs to be studied again, the research method used is a historical-juridical, comparatif and analytical as well as using interview techniques. Travel Tax Act in determining the status BUT we found frequent changes eg, in the 1925 Corporate Tax BUT as the subject of placing a foreign tax, then Law No. 7 / 1983 BUT put as the subject of domestic taxes and the Law No. 10 years in 1994 stutus BUT reinstated as foreign tax subject until now. There are also difficulties associated with determining the condition of BUT for certain conditions eg how to define a PE for a transaction that uses E-Commerce. It would need to be reviewed relates to the status of PE as a tax subject and also have already started to set up regulations relating to the determination of a PE are complete.
Overview Smart Hotel di Indonesia yang Merupakan Trend Baru dalam Industri Perhotelan
Authors: Adiati Maria Pia 
Published: October 2016

Nowadays we can find out many taglines featuring the word Smart Hotel or Smart Traveler. Smart traveler is those who travel in a smart way. We called it smart because they choose the accomodation and the transportation wisely, in accordance with requirements and budget. Meanwhile Smart Hotel tagline comes up since there are many smart travelers who travel a lot to the cities around the world. Smart Hotels are hotels who try to accommodate the current market demands. The latest trend for the travelers is only a clean and comfort accommodation with affordable price but covers all the basic things needed for the travelers. Nowadays, travelers pass most of the time out of the hotel for doing business or either for visiting tourism objects. Typical smart hotels are hotels with 2 stars or 3 stars rating. Even though it is 2 or 3 star hotel, the service is as good as the higher ratings.Some of the hotel management or hotel group try to suite the demand by releasing 2 star or 3 star brand. And in the future, the 2 star or 3 star hotel is the hotel who will rapidly grow and take the majority market since the price is affordable and suites the budget.
Association Between Health Symptoms and Particulate Matter from Traffic and Residential Heating − Results from RHINE III in Tartu
Authors: Pindus Mihkel , Orru Hans , Maasikmets Marek , Kaasik Marko , Jõgi Rain 
Published: October 2016

Background:Traffic and residential heating are the main sources of particulate matter (PM) in Northern Europe. Wood is widely used for residential heating and vehicle numbers are increasing. Besides traffic exhaust, studded tires produce road dust that is the main source of traffic-related PM10. Several studies have associated total PM mass with health symptoms; however there has been little research on the effects of PM from specific sources.Objective:To study the health effects resulting from traffic and local heating PM.Methods:Data on respiratory and cardiac diseases were collected within the framework of RHINE III (2011/2012) in Tartu, Estonia. Respondents’ geocoded home addresses were mapped in ArcGIS and linked with local heating-related PM2.5,traffic-related PM10and total PM2.5concentrations. Association between self-reported health and PM was assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis.Results:The annual mean modelled exposure for local heating PM2.5was 2.3 μg/m3, for traffic PM103.3 μg/m3and for all sources PM2.55.6 μg/m3. We found relationship between traffic induced PM10as well as all sources induced PM2.5with cardiac disease, OR=1.45 (95% CI 1.06−1.93) and 1.42 (95% CI 1.02−1.95), respectively. However, we did not find any significant association between residential heating induced particles and self-reported health symptoms. People with longer and better confirmed exposure period were also significantly associated with traffic induced PM10, all sources induced PM2.5and cardiac diseases.Conclusion:Traffic-related PM10and all sources induced PM2.5associated with cardiac disease; whereas residential heating induced particles did not.
Apolipoprotein B Gene Polymorphisms and Dyslipidemia in HIV Infected Adult Zimbabweans
Authors: Kodogo Vitaris , Zhou Danai Tavonga , Oektedalen Olav , Duri Kerina , Stray-Pedersen Babill , Gomo Exnevia 
Published: October 2016

Background:Dyslipidemia does not occur in all HIV-infected or antiretroviral therapy-experienced patients suggesting role of host genetic factors but there is paucity of data on association between dyslipidemia and gene polymorphisms in Zimbabwe.Objective:To determine association of lipoprotein levels andapolipoprotein Bpolymorphisms in HIV-infected adults.Method:Demographic data were collected from 103 consenting patients; lipoprotein levels were determined and blood samples were successfully genotyped for bothapolipoprotein B2488C>T Xba1 andapolipoprotein B4154G>A p.Gln4154Lys EcoR1 polymorphisms by real time polymerase chain reaction.Results:Mean age of genotyped patients was 40.3 ± 10.1 years, 68% were female; prevalence of dyslipidemia was 67.4%. Of 103 samples genotyped forapolipoprotein BXba1 polymorphism, 76 (74%) were homozygous C/C, 24 (23%) were heterozygous C/T and only three (3%) were homozygous T/T.Apolipoprotein BEcoR1 polymorphism showed little variability, one participant had rare genotype A/A, 68.3% had wild type genotype G/G.Conclusion:Observed frequencies ofapolipoprotein BXbaI and EcoRI polymorphisms matched other African studies. In spite of low numbers of rare variants, there was positive association between both total cholestrol and high density lipoprotein with ECoR1 wild type G/G genotype, suggesting that ECoRI 4154 G allele could be more protective against coronary heart disease than EcoR1 4154 A allele. There is need for further research at population level to confirm whetherapolipoprotein BECoR1 genotyping is useful for predicting risk of dyslipidemia in HIV patients in our setting.
Políticas públicas para a formação de professores e contextos emergentes na educação superior
Authors: Dalla Corte Marilene Gabriel , Sarturi Rosane Carneiro 
Published: October 2016

Este texto refere-se a políticas de formação de professores e a repercussão em contextos emergentes na educação superior, a partir do desenvolvimento de programas como o Programa de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID), Programa de Capacitação de Conselheiros Municipais de Educação (PRÓ-CONSELHO) e Observatório de Educação (OBEDUC). Objetiva-se, nesse sentido, analisar as políticas públicas de formação de professores (inicial e permanente), desenvolvidas pelo Centro de Educação da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, e os contextos emergentes na educação superior. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, a partir do estudo de caso, sendo que a análise de dados está embasada na coleta e construção de dados a partir de marcos regulatórios e relatórios alusivos a Programas de Governo já mencionados implementados pelo Centro de Educação da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (CE/UFSM). Os estudos vem contribuindo para a compreensão das políticas públicas voltadas para a formação de professores (inicial/permanente) em íntima inter-relação com contextos emergentes na educação superior; o reconhecimento e a compreensão da cultura organizacional e dos processos de gestão dos programas analisados a partir das experiências desenvolvidas pelo CE/UFSM e sua repercussão na qualidade da formação inicial e permanente de professores; uma reflexão crítica acerca da compreensão e o envolvimento dos professores/gestores sobre contextos emergentes na educação superior.
Thoughts on the Divide between Theoretical and Empirical Research in Accounting
Authors: Chen Qi , Gerakos Joseph , Glode Vincent , Taylor Daniel J. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
What is the relation between theoretical and empirical research in accounting? What should be the relation? As a mix of individuals with experience in both theory and empirical research, we offered our perspectives on these issues during a lively panel discussion at the 2015 Junior Accounting Theory Conference. This paper highlights key themes from our discussion.
From Micro to Macro: Does Conditional Conservatism Aggregate Up in the National Income and Product Accounts?
Authors: Laurion Henry , Patatoukas Panos N. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
We revisit evidence that conditional conservatism aggregates up from the firm level causing corporate profit estimates in the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) to be more sensitive to negative relative to positive aggregate return news. Our study delivers three main messages. First, annual estimates of NIPA corporate profits are designed to provide neutral estimates of income from current production regardless of whether times are good or bad. Second, we find spurious evidence of asymmetric sensitivity to aggregate return news in placebo test variables that are void of conditional conservatism, clearly indicating that an alternative explanation is in order. Third, we find that the variance of aggregate returns decreases with the level of economic activity. Although this return variance effect is unlikely to be attributed to accounting, it has the potential to generate spurious evidence of conditional conservatism at the macro level. Overall, our study highlights the importance of construct validity tests in archival studies and contributes to research in the properties of NIPA corporate profits.
JEL Classifications: M41; G12; E43; E52.
Data Availability: Data are available from the sources identified in the text.
Factors influencing management of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: an analysis of 424 consecutive patients
Authors: Guan Jian , Karsy Michael , Couldwell William T. , Schmidt Richard H. , Taussky Philipp , MacDonald Joel D. , Park Min S. 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVEThe choice between treating and observing unruptured intracranial aneurysms is often difficult, with little guidance on which variables should influence decision making on a patient-by-patient basis. Here, the authors compared demographic variables, aneurysm-related variables, and comorbidities in patients who received microsurgical or endovascular treatment and those who were conservatively managed to determine which factors push the surgeon toward recommending treatment.METHODSA retrospective chart review was conducted of all patients diagnosed with an unruptured intracranial aneurysm at their institution between January 1, 2013, and January 1, 2016. These patients were dichotomized based on whether their aneurysm was treated. Demographic, geographic, socioeconomic, comorbidity, and aneurysm-related information was analyzed to assess which factors were associated with the decision to treat.RESULTSA total of 424 patients were identified, 163 who were treated surgically or endovascularly and 261 who were managed conservatively. In a multivariable model, an age < 65 years (OR 2.913, 95% CI 1.298–6.541, p = 0.010), a lower Charlson Comorbidity Index (OR 1.536, 95% CI 1.274–1.855, p < 0.001), a larger aneurysm size (OR 1.176, 95% CI 1.100–1.257, p < 0.001), multiple aneurysms (OR 2.093, 95% CI 1.121–3.907, p = 0.020), a white race (OR 2.288, 95% CI 1.245–4.204, p = 0.008), and living further from the medical center (OR 2.125, 95% CI 1.281–3.522, p = 0.003) were all associated with the decision to treat rather than observe.CONCLUSIONSWhereas several factors were expected to be considered in the decision to treat unruptured intracranial aneurysms, including age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, aneurysm size, and multiple aneurysms, other factors such as race and proximity to the medical center were unanticipated. Further studies are needed to identify such biases in patient treatment and improve treatment delineation based on patient-specific aneurysm rupture risk.