bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Driving environmental sustainability in emerging economies: The nexus of green finance, foreign direct investment, financial development, and green technology innovation
Authors: Kharb Ravita , Saini Neha , Kumar Dinesh 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe relevance of environmental sustainability has grown significantly among academics, professionals, and the general public. A variety of factors influence an economy's ability to support its environmental sustainability. Foreign direct investment (FDI), financial development (FD), green technological innovation (GTI), and green finance (GF) are pillars that hold the key to accomplishing sustainability goals. Despite extensive studies on the factors influencing green finance, there remains a gap in grasping the impact of green finance and various investment factors on environmental sustainability. The study's objective is to analyze the relationship between ecological sustainability, green financing, FDI, innovative green technologies, and FD in developing countries. The study employed a fixed effect and random effect model with robustness analysis to gain an empirical understanding of the relationship. The findings highlighted that green finance plays a crucial role in green technologies and encourages economies to embrace sustainability. It also supports the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH) and the understanding that an increase in FDI has a positive relationship with carbon emission. The study makes a significant novel contribution by analyzing the combined influence of financial and green technological development on environmental sustainability. The numerous theoretical and practical implications for addressing the constraints posed by the PHH include tightening domestic legislation, developing international cooperation, and pushing the adoption of cleaner technology throughout industries. It helps governments enact effective environmental regulations to encourage green investment and technological innovation to have a beneficial knock‐on effect on cutting ecological sustainability.
Ultrasound‐guided core needle biopsy of deep fascia: A cadaveric study evaluating feasibility, accuracy and reliability
Authors: Pirri Carmelo , Zabotti Alen , Pirri Nina , Petrelli Lucia , Giovannini Ivan , Macchi Veronica , Porzionato Andrea , Quartuccio Luca , De Caro Raffaele , De Vita Salvatore , Stecco Carla 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOver the past few decades, researchers and clinicians have dedicated significant attention to fascial tissues. Current interest focuses on their anatomical and pathophysiological features. Breakthroughs in ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have enhanced our ability to study the dynamics and alterations of the tissue structures. However, a microscopic perspective is also essential for a comprehensive understanding of some pathologies of the fasciae. The aim of this study was to investigate, using a cadaveric study: (1) the ease of visualization of the landmarks used for the US‐guided fascial core needle biopsy (CNB); (2) the consistency and accuracy of needle placement inside fascial layers using US guidance and confirmed by histological examination; (3) inter‐rater reliability. We assessed the feasibility of US‐guided CNB in different topographical regions of human cadavers: the thoracolumbar fascia (TLF), fascia lata (FL), and crural fascia (CF). The results, confirmed by histological examination, revealed no significant difference in needle placements between the in‐plane approaches in the long and short axes for all locations and fasciae studied (long axis: 91.88%; short axis: 96.22%); p > 0.05. US‐guided core needle biopsy with the in‐plane approach is feasible, consistent and reliable. It could provide most or all of high‐quality fascial tissue samples required for pathological examination. It could also reveal changes in fascial pathologies, capturing the exact site of pathology thanks to US guidance, in particular in patchy diseases such as eosinophilic fasciitis.
Reactants‐Driven Surface‐Active Sites on a Cu/CeO2 Catalyst for Methanol Synthesis from Syngas
Authors: Ren Pengchao , Zhang Zhenzhou , Hu Tingting , Fan Zhihui , Dang Shanshan , Cheng Sifan , Tu Weifeng , Han Yi‐Fan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the dynamic structure of a working Cu/CeO2 catalyst and its catalytic consequences for CH3OH synthesis via CO hydrogenation by kinetics, high‐precise chemical titration, and a series of in situ X‐ray spectroscopies. We have revealed that the apparent rate coefficients for CH3OH synthesis from CO hydrogenation are a single‐valued function of the CO2‐to‐CO ratio in the contacting gas phase. This ratio determines the extent of surface oxidation of Ce2O3 to CeO2, the relative abundance of surface Ce3+ and Ce4+ sites, and in turn, the density of Cu0‐Ce3+ sites pair on the working Cu/CeO2 catalyst, although the chemical state of Cu and elemental distribution of both Cu and Ce were insensitive to the ratio. The reactivity of CH3OH formation and the Cu0‐Ce3+ sites decrease monotonously with an increase in the CO2‐to‐CO ratio. The direct connection of the reactivity and the oxidant‐to‐reductant ratio appears to be general for heterogeneous catalysis, for which the oxidant oxidizes metal atoms. In contrast, the reductant scavenges surface oxygen atoms, thus dictating the density of surface sites and their thermodynamic activities.
3D Covalent Organic Framework Membranes for Molecular Separations
Authors: Liu Haohao , Tian Feng , Gao Bingbing , Wang Wentao , Bai Yunxiang , Zhang Chunfang , Dong Liangliang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMembrane separation has become an indispensable separation technology in social production, playing an important role in drug production, mineral exploitation, water purification, etc. The key core of membranes lies in achieving efficient and precise sieving between substances. As a result, a typical trade‐off arises: highly permeable membranes usually sacrifice selectivity and vice versa. To address this dilemma, long‐term research has focused on comprehensive understanding and modelling of synthetic membranes at various scales. A significant advancement in this arena is the advent of three‐dimensional covalent organic framework (3D COF) membranes, a novel category of long‐range ordered porous organic polymer materials. Characterized by an abundance of interconnected channels, diverse pore wall properties, tunable structures, and robust thermal and chemical resilience, 3D COF membranes offer a promising approach for efficient substance separation. This review undertakes a meticulous investigation of the synthesis and physicochemical properties of 3D COF membranes, accentuating the underlying design principles, fabrication methods, and application attempts. A comprehensive assessment of their research trajectory and current standing in the field of membrane processes is provided. The review culminates in a forward‐looking outlook, summarizing future research directions and highlighting the substantial potential of this innovative work to shape the future of efficient membrane separation processes.
Streamlining Thionyl Tetrafluoride (SOF4) and Pentafluoro‐Oxosulfate [OSF5]− Anions Syntheses
Authors: Sturm Johanna S. , Millanvois Alexandre , Bahri Carlota , Golz Paul , Limberg Niklas , Wiesner Anja , Riedel Sebastian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA one pot room temperature synthesis of thionyl tetrafluoride (SOF4) from elemental fluorine (F2) and thionyl fluoride (SOF2) is reported. The selective decagram scale process (100 mmol) allows a quantitative preparation of SOF4 with high purity. The solid‐state structure has also been elucidated and compared with the reported gas phase one. The use of this reagent for the formation of the emerging pentafluorooxosulfate [cat][OSF5] anions led to the preparation of multiple ion‐pairs (cat=Ag, NEt3Me, PPN, PPh4) in different organic solvents. The SuFEx reservoir ability of this anion was studied and by tuning the solvent system, the reactivity of pure thionyl tetrafluoride was observed using Ag[OSF5] in THF and acetone.
Artificial Compartments Encapsulating Enzymatic Reactions: Towards the Construction of Artificial Organelles
Authors: Lin Peng , Zhang Shiwei , Komatsubara Futa , Konishi Hiroaki , Nakata Eiji , Morii Takashi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCells have used compartmentalization to implement complex biological processes involving thousands of enzyme cascade reactions. Enzymes are spatially organized into the cellular compartments to carry out specific and efficient reactions in a spatiotemporally controlled manner. These compartments are divided into membrane‐bound and membraneless organelles. Mimicking such cellular compartment systems has been a challenge for years. A variety of artificial scaffolds, including liposomes, polymersomes, proteins, nucleic acids, or hybrid materials have been used to construct artificial membrane‐bound or membraneless compartments. These artificial compartments may have great potential for applications in biosynthesis, drug delivery, diagnosis and therapeutics, among others. This review first summarizes the typical examples of cellular compartments. In particular, the recent studies on cellular membraneless organelles (biomolecular condensates) are reviewed. We then summarize the recent advances in the construction of artificial compartments using engineered platforms. Finally, we provide our insights into the construction of biomimetic systems and the applications of these systems. This review article provides a timely summary of the relevant perspectives for the future development of artificial compartments, the building blocks for the construction of artificial organelles or cells.
Trem2 acts as a non‐classical receptor of interleukin‐4 to promote diabetic wound healing
Authors: Zhu Xinlin , Zhang Chao , Jiang Weiwei , Zeng Zhaoxiang , Zhang Keming , Du Mingwei , Chen Juan , Wu Qian , Liao Wanqing , Chen Youming , Fang Wenjie , Pan Weihua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe immunoglobulin superfamily protein Trem2 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2) is primarily expressed on myeloid cells where it functions to regulate macrophage‐related immune response induction. While macrophages are essential mediators of diabetic wound healing, the specific regulatory role that Trem2 plays in this setting remains to be established.ObjectiveThis study was developed to explore the potential importance of Trem2 signalling in diabetic wound healing and to clarify the underlying mechanisms through which it functions.Methods and resultsFollowing wound induction, diabetic model mice exhibited pronounced upregulation of Trem2 expression, which was primarily evident in macrophages. No cutaneous defects were evident in mice bearing a macrophage‐specific knockout of Trem2 (T2‐cKO), but they induced more pronounced inflammatory responses and failed to effectively repair cutaneous wounds, with lower levels of neovascularization, slower rates of wound closure, decreased collagen deposition following wounding. Mechanistically, we showed that interleukin (IL)‐4 binds directly to Trem2, inactivating MAPK/AP‐1 signalling to suppress the expression of inflammatory and chemoattractant factors. Co‐culture of fibroblasts and macrophages showed that macrophages from T2‐cKO mice suppressed the in vitro activation and proliferation of dermal fibroblasts through upregulation of leukaemia inhibitory factor (Lif). Injecting soluble Trem2 in vivo was also sufficient to significantly curtail inflammatory responses and to promote diabetic wound healing.ConclusionsThese analyses offer novel insight into the role of IL‐4/Trem2 signalling as a mediator of myeloid cell‐fibroblast crosstalk that may represent a viable therapeutic target for efforts to enhance diabetic wound healing.
Feasibility of LoRa‐based Infrastructure‐to‐Vehicle (I2V) communication for road weather information systems
Authors: Soy Hakkı , Fatih Ateş T. , Osman Özkan A. 
Published: October 2024

SummaryA road‐weather information system (RWIS) is an attractive application in the context of intelligent transportation systems (ITSs), which is used where climatic conditions and meteorological events worsen traffic safety. The primary goal is to significantly reduce potential accidents by sending early warning messages to prompt immediate action. For this purpose, road weather information stations are placed at critical points on the highways. In addition to responsible transportation agencies, enabling direct warning message transfer from roadside infrastructure to vehicles can significantly improve the effectiveness of a typical RWIS application. Dedicated short range communication (DSRC) and cellular vehicle to everything (C‐V2X) technologies are extensively used for data exchange between vehicles (V2V) and between vehicles and road infrastructure (V2I or I2V) under the umbrella term of vehicle‐to‐everything (V2X) communications. Latency and coverage are key performance indicators of the vehicular network that determine how drivers react to risks in adverse road and weather conditions. V2X‐based connectivity mainly aims to offer low latency in message delivery, but it is not possible to obtain a wide‐range coverage due to significant propagation loss in the dedicated 5.9 GHz ITS frequency band. In this study, we presented a long range (LoRa)‐based RWIS application that uses I2 V communication at sub‐GHz bands. Our main contribution is proposing a novel method for RWIS implementations, where the LoRa gateways run in a half‐duplex way to collect information from road weather information stations in the uplink channel and then broadcast warning messages to vehicles in the downlink channel. To validate the applicability of the proposed method, we presented a feasibility study that includes transmission range and latency analysis. Our theoretical calculations' results validate the more extended transmission range and applicability of LoRa connectivity on RWIS applications, especially for common scenarios like black ice where the climate risks do not occur suddenly. We also showed that our methodology would be beneficial due to the ability to offer wide coverage, especially in the areas where cellular base stations have not yet existed or V2X road infrastructure has not yet been established.
Response of Species Diversity and Stability of Typical Steppe Plant Communities on the Mongolian Plateau to Different Grazing Patterns
Authors: Gao Suriguga , Hong Yu , Tuya Wulan , Zhang Weiqing , An Chang , Chaoketu Siqin , Sha Xu , He Bu , Yinga Wu 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTGrasslands represent a major biome on Earth and play a vital role in ecosystem functioning and dynamics. However, owing to the variations among grassland types, the impact of grazing on plant community diversity and stability remains unclear. This study is based on the typical steppe of the Mongolian Plateau. Field sampling and data analysis were combined to qualitatively and quantitatively investigate the structural characteristics, species diversity, and stability of plant communities under varying grazing intensities, that is, four‐season nomadic, two‐season rotational, and sedentary grazing (FSNG, TSRG, and SG, respectively). The results indicated that FSNG pastures exhibited the largest number of plant species while FSNG and TSRG pastures exhibited relatively high importance values for the primary dominant species. Carex duriuscula, Chenopodium glaucum, and Cleistogenes squarrosa were prominent in SG pastures, with C. duriuscula having the largest importance value. The mean height, cover, and aboveground biomass of plant communities in FSNG were significantly higher than those in SG (p < 0.05), with no significant difference observed between FSNG and TSRG. FSNG also demonstrated the highest Shannon–Wiener, Simpson, and Pielou indexes. The Shannon–Wiener and Simpson indexes between the FSNG, TSRG, and SG pastures showed significant differences (p < 0.05). Nomadic plant communities displayed positive loosely interspecific traits, suggesting independence and positive succession. Conversely, communities in TSRG and SG exhibited negative correlations and higher instability. The stability analysis ranked community stability as FSNG > TSRG > SG, suggesting that judicious grazing practices could enhance grassland stability. The findings reveal that grazing patterns influence plant community composition and function and that FSNG pastures promote higher species diversity, perennial dominance, and overall stability compared with TSRG and SG pastures.
The Functional Dilemma of Nectar Mimic Staminodes in Parnassia wightiana (Celastraceae): Attracting Pollinators and Florivorous Beetles
Authors: Wen Shi‐Jia , Chen Shan , Rech Andre Rodrigo , Ji Ling , Wang Hong , Wang Zhiyong , Wu Ding , Ren Zong‐Xin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWhile floral signaling plays a central role in the reproductive success of all animal‐pollinated plants, it may also attract herbivores eager to feed on flowers. False nectaries with glossy surfaces reflecting incident light may produce signals that attract floral visitors guiding their movements to and within the flower. Whether false nectaries also attract herbivores that lower the reproductive success of natural populations requires attention. In this study, we focus on Parnassia wightiana, a subalpine species with a whorl of staminodes that act as false nectaries attracting bees, flies, and herbivorous beetles. We tested the functions of staminodes using controlled manipulative experiments under field and lab conditions. We found a significant decrease in pollinator visits, and subsequent seed set, in flowers in which we removed staminodes or staminode apices confirming the function of these organs. In our natural populations, we found that a beetle, Nonarthra variabilis (Alticinae; Chrysomelidae), chews first on staminode apices, then it eats the entire staminodes and other flower parts, but rarely feeds on ovaries. Additional experiments suggested these beetles preferred staminodes to ovaries. Our results suggest this is a case of selective florivory, in which staminodes play a dual role, attracting pollinators and herbivores at the same time causing the attractive dilemma. Although selective florivory by beetles did not directly damage fruits, it influenced plant‐pollinator interactions, decreasing reproductive success in plant populations. Our study highlights the importance of plant‐pollinator‐herbivore interactions in selecting floral traits.
Climate and topography control variation in the tropical dry forest–rainforest ecotone
Authors: Walter Jonathan A. , Atkins Jeff W. , Hulshof Catherine M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEcotones are the transition zones between ecosystems and can exhibit steep gradients in ecosystem properties controlling flows of energy and organisms between them. Ecotones are understood to be sensitive to climate and environmental changes, but the potential for spatiotemporal dynamics of ecotones to act as indicators of such changes is limited by methodological and logistical constraints. Here, we use a novel combination of satellite remote sensing and analyses of spatial synchrony to identify the tropical dry forest–rainforest ecotone in Area de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica. We further examine how climate and topography influence the spatiotemporal dynamics of the ecotone, showing that ecotone is most prevalent at mid‐elevations where the topography leads to moisture accumulation and that climatic moisture availability influences up and downslope interannual variation in ecotone location. We found some evidence for long‐term (22 year) trends toward upslope or downslope ecotone shifts, but stronger evidence that regional climate mediates topographic controls on ecotone properties. Our findings suggest the ecotone boundary on the dry forest side may be less resilient to future precipitation reductions and that if drought frequency increases, ecotone reductions are more likely to occur along the dry forest boundary.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Reductive Cross‐Coupling of α–Trifluoromethylated Alkyl Electrophiles and Allylic Sulfones
Authors: Xu Qiao‐Lin , Zhao Yi , Liu Xia‐Ling , Jin Na , He Ke‐Han , Pan Fei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFluorinated motifs are commonly found in drugs and agrochemicals. The inclusion of fluorine‐containing motifs in drug candidates during lead optimization has become a valuable strategy in pharmaceutical research and development. Significant research efforts have been dedicated to synthesizing molecules with a trifluoromethyl (CF3−) group on a stereogenic carbon. Herein, we disclose a mild and efficient nickel‐catalyzed reductive cross‐coupling between α–trifluoromethyl alkyl bromides and allylic sulfones, enabling the efficient synthesis of α–trifluoromethyl homoallylic alkanes. This reaction featuring base‐free, mild conditions, a broad substrate scope, and high functional group tolerance. The synthetic versatility of this approach is further underscored by its successful application in the late‐stage functionalization of a range of drug molecules. Our preliminary mechanistic study suggests that this allylation process operates through a radical intermediate.
Impact of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles on In Vitro Development of a Mouse Preimplantation Embryo and Interaction With the Zona Pellucida
Authors: Karmenyan Artashes V. , Krivokharchenko Alexander S. , Sarmiento Micahella N. , Barus Eviyona L. , Perevedentseva Elena V. , Cheng Chia‐Liang 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe development of assisted reproductive technologies increases the likelihood of nanoparticles' (NPs) direct contact with gametes and embryos in in vitro conditions. Analyzing the influence of nanomaterials on the early mammalian embryo becomes increasingly relevant. This work is devoted to the effect of graphene oxide (GO) NPs on the in vitro development of mammalian embryos. Mouse 2‐cell embryos were preincubated with GO NPs. The interaction of GO with the Zona Pellucida (ZP) of the embryo was investigated using fluorescence lifetime imaging with two‐photon excitation (2p‐FLIM). During embryo development, the NPs penetration into ZP (blastocyst stage) and perivitelline space (blastocyst hatching stage) was observed. Despite this, GO did not affect the embryo's ability to develop till late and hatching blastocysts. The mechanism of the NPs getting into the perivitelline space and the consequences of NP–embryo direct contact are discussed. The 2p‐FLIM efficiency for studying NP interaction with mammalian embryos is evaluated.
Theoretical design of new ligands to boost reaction rate and selectivity in palladium‐catalyzed aromatic fluorination
Authors: Pliego Josefredo R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe development of palladium‐catalyzed fluorination with biaryl monophosphine ligands has faced two important problems that limit its application for bromoarenes: the formation of regioisomers and insufficient catalysis for heteroaryl substrates as bromothiophene derivatives. Overcoming these problems requires more ligand design. In this work, reliable theoretical calculations were used to elucidate important ligand features necessary for achieving more rate acceleration and selectivity. These features include increasing the ligand‐substrate repulsion and creating a negative charge in the space around the fluoride ion bonded to the palladium. The investigated L5 ligand presents these features, and the calculations predict that this ligand completely suppresses the regioisomer formation in the difficult case of 4‐bromoanisole. In addition, the free energy barriers are decreased by 2–3 kcal mol−1 in comparison with the catalysis involving the AlPhos ligand. Thus, the present study points out a direction for new developments in palladium‐catalyzed fluorination.