bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CHARACTERIZATION OF DIFFERENT WATER TYPES IN THE KERCH STRAIT BASED ON SHIPBORNE REMOTE OPTICAL MEASUREMENTS
Authors: РОСТОВЦЕВА В.В. , ИЖИЦКИЙ А.С. , КОНОВАЛОВ Б.В. 
Published: September 2024

Приведены результаты исследования состояния акватории Керченского пролива по данным портативного трехканального гиперспектрометра ЭММА, работающего с борта движущегося судна в течение светового дня с разрешением по направлению движения в несколько метров. По измеренным спектрам коэффициента спектральной яркости моря рассчитаны спектры показателя поглощения света водой в акватории Керченского пролива. Верификация этих данных проведена по результатам измерений глубины видимости диска Секки на станциях. Рассчитанные далее по спектрам суммарного поглощения света водой концентрации трех основных природных компонентов, средние по глубине проникновения света в толщу воды, были сопоставлены с измерениями в пробах, отобранных с поверхности воды по маршруту. Расхождение в этих оценках в некоторых районах говорит о неравномерном по глубине распределении компонентов, что было подтверждено при вертикальном зондировании на станциях; при калибровке результатов дистанционного зондирования данные из этих районов не использовались. Полученные по измерениям трехканальным гиперспектрометром данные дали осредненное по глубине распределение природных компонентов в акватории Керченского пролива, а также позволили получить некоторые характеристики антропогенного воздействия, зафиксированного со спутников.
Study of the state of the Kerch Strait water area was carried out using data from a portable three-channel hyperspectrometer EMMA (Ecological Monitoring of Marine Areas), operating from board a moving vessel during daylight hours with a resolution of several meters along the route. Based on the measured spectra of the sea spectral radiance coefficient, the spectra of the light absorption index by water in the Kerch Strait were calculated. Verification of these data was carried out at the stations by measurements of Secchi disk visibility depth. The concentrations of the three main natural components averaged over the depth of light penetration into the water column were calculated from the spectra of total light absorption by water. They were compared with measurements in surface water samples taken along the route. The discrepancy in these estimates in some areas indicates a nonuniform depth distribution of the components, which was confirmed by vertical sounding at the stations; these areas are not used for calibration of remote sensing results. The EMMA data showed the distribution of the natural components in the water area of the Kerch Strait averaged over the depth of light penetration. It also made it possible to estimate some characteristics of the anthropogenic impact recorded by satellites.
PROPERTIES OF LIGHT BACKSCATTERING ON HOLLOW HEXAGONAL ICE COLUMNS FOR OPTICAL MODELS OF CIRRUS CLOUDS
Authors: КОНОШОНКИН А.В. , КУСТОВА Н.В. , ШИШКО В.А. , ТИМОФЕЕВ Д.Н. , ТКАЧЕВ И.В. , БАКУТЕ Е. , БАБИНОВИЧ А.Е. , ZHU X. , WANG Z. 
Published: September 2024

Перистые облака влияют на радиационный баланс нашей планеты и играют важную роль в формировании климата. Изучение их оптических свойств требует решения задачи рассеяния света на ледяных несферических частицах. В рамках метода физической оптики проведено численное моделирование характеристик обратного рассеяния света для полых гексагональных столбиков размером от 10 до 316 мкм для длин волн 0,355, 0,532 и 1,064 мкм. Показано, что при увеличении полости гексагональных столбиков сначала быстро исчезает пик обратного рассеяния, вызванный уголковым отражением, затем появляется несколько вторичных максимумов величиной до 10% от величины основного пика. При этом их положение практически не зависит от размера частицы и длины волны излучения, но существенно зависит от формы частицы. Полученные результаты представляют интерес для построения оптической модели перистых облаков в задачах лазерного зондирования атмосферы.
Cirrus clouds have a significant impact on the radiation balance of our planet and play a crucial role in climate formation. To study their optical properties, it is necessary to address the issue of light scattering by nonspherical ice particles. This article focuses on the numerical simulation of the characteristics of light backscattering for hollow hexagonal columns using the physical optics method. The study examines particles ranging in size from 10 to 316 mm, with wavelengths of 0.355, 0.532, and 1.064 mm. The findings reveal that as the cavity of hexagonal columns increases, the backscattering peak caused by corner reflection rapidly decreases, then several secondary maxima appear, which account for up to 10% of the main peak. At the same time, the position of these secondary maxima remains unaffected by particle size and incident wavelength but is significantly influenced by the particle's shape. These results are valuable for developing an optical model of cirrus clouds and for laser sounding of the atmosphere.
Improving Screening for Social Determinants of Health in an Outpatient Complex Care Clinic
Authors: Randolph Arielle , Butts Breann , White Cynthia , Auberger Amelia , Bohache Meredith , Goddard-Roaden Carrie , Beck Andrew F. , Brinkman William B. , Thomson Joanna 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
Families of children with medical complexity (CMC) may face challenges related to Social Determinants of Health (SDoH). Although standardized SDoH screening has been implemented in numerous medical settings, there has been limited study of screening among CMC. Our global aim is to improve access to institutional and community resources for families of CMC with identified needs. Here, we aimed to establish SDoH screening for families in our outpatient Complex Care Center and attain a screening rate of 80%.

METHODS
A multidisciplinary team in our clinic used quality improvement methods to implement and study an expanded SDoH screen, which included 3 questions specific to the needs of CMC (ie, emergency planning, social support, and medical equipment concerns). Interventions, informed and refined by 5 key drivers, were tested over a 12-month period. A statistical process control chart tracked key outcome and process measures over time.

RESULTS
SDoH screening sustained a mean of 80% after implementation during the study period. Incorporating registration staff in screen distribution was our most impactful intervention. At least 1 SDoH concern was identified on 56% of screens; concerns specific to CMC and mental health were most frequently reported. A total of 309 responses to positive screens were reported in total.

CONCLUSIONS
Successful implementation of an expanded, tailored SDoH screen revealed a multitude of social needs specific to families of CMC that otherwise may not have been recognized. Our team continues to develop and distribute resources to address identified needs.
The impact of fenugreek, black cumin, and garlic on dough rheology, bread quality, antimicrobial activity, and microstructural analysis using a scanning electron microscope
Authors: Zerlasht Mehwish , Javaria Sadaf , Quddoos Muhammad Yousaf , Arshad Rizwan , Yaqub Shazia , Zubair Khalid Muhammad , Sana Mahmood Sayyad , Rafique Ayesha , Umar Farooq Muhammad , Alsulami Tawfiq , Akram Saima , Rafique Hamad 
Published: September 2024

Fenugreek, black cumin, and garlic are herbs that are rich sources of antimicrobial and nutritional bioactive compounds. This study investigated the influence of herbs on the rheological characteristics of dough and the quality parameters of bread. The antimicrobial activity of the herbs was determined against the pathogens at 50 and 100 mg/mL concentrations. Maximum zone inhibition was measured for fenugreek against Salmonella typhimurium (16.5 mm) at 100 mg/mL concentration. Dough development time and departure time increased with the increase in concentration of the herbs. Farinograph quality number (FQN), mixing tolerance index, and stability varied significantly with the treatments such as physio-chemical, structural, textural, and sensory parameters at herbs concentration 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75%, respectively. Ash, fiber, fat, protein content, firmness, and total phenolic content were increased with treatments. However, a decrease in moisture content and total plate count was observed due to the addition of herbs. The microstructure revealed that the addition of fenugreek significantly improves the bread structure. The sensory profile of bread was not affected with the addition of herbs at a concentration of 0.50%.
Comparative analysis of TREC and KREC concentration levels in children at medical and biological risk (CHD – frequently ill children, children who have been operated for congenital heart defect with combined thymectomy, children – without it) and those conditionally healthy
Authors: Rovda Yu. I. , Vedernikova A. V. , Shabaldin A. V. , Filipenko M. L. , Sinitskaya A. A. , Khalivopulo I. K. , Grishacheva E. O. , Otstavnov G. A. , Shkitin Ya. V. , Minyailova N. N. , Khobotkova T. S. , Dadonov V. V. 
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the study was to compare and analyze the levels of KREC (kappa-deleting recombination excision circle) and TREC (T cell receptor excision circle) levels, which indirectly reflect impaired maturation of T and/or B lymphocytes, in children of the medical and biological risk group and the comparison group (patients considered relatively healthy, relative to the population).The medical and biological risk groups were:1) 15 children with operated congenital heart defects with combined thymectomy and 9 without it; the average age is 5 months ±4 months and 7 months ±3 months, respectively; and2) 27 children with relatively frequent morbidity of the respiratory tract (acute respiratory viral infection more than 8 times a year) aged 1.6±1.4 months, among whom the proportion attending a preschool institution is 20 people (74%).The comparison groups were:1) 16 relatively healthy children (health group 1) aged 1.7±1.6 years, among whom the proportion of those attending a preschool institution was 13 people (81%); and2) 48 apparently healthy newborn children, whose average age was 15±12 days.Quantitative determination of TREC and KREC was carried out using a multiplex test system developed at the Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Novosibirsk). The average concentrations of TREC and KREC were determined in apparently healthy newborns. Children with a high incidence of infectious respiratory morbidity (more than 8 cases of acute respiratory viral infection per year) had a significantly higher risk of developing disorders of both T cell and B cell immunity, compared with the healthy population. Children who underwent total thymectomy during surgical treatment of congenital heart defects had a higher risk of developing immunodeficiency conditions, affecting predominantly T cell immunity, in comparison with the group of children operated on with preservation of the thymus gland.
Expression of checkpoint molecules by regulatory T cells in multiple myeloma
Authors: Ostanin A. A. , Batorova D. S. , Sizikova S. A. , Krukovich A. B. 
Published: September 2024

In multiple myeloma (MM), the content of T lymphocytes expressing “checkpoint” molecules PD-1, TIM-3, LAG-3, etc. is increased. Regulatory T cells (Treg) can suppress antitumor immune response and play a sufficient role in MM pathogenesis. Like effector T lymphocytes, some Tregs express checkpoint receptors PD-1, TIM-3, etc., however, the biological meaning of such expression, as well as the consequences of blockade of these receptors, are not clear. The significance of type I regulatory T cells (Tr1), which produce the immunosuppressive cytokine interleukin-10, in MM also remains unexplored. The purpose of this work was to study the content of PD-1- and TIM-3-expressing Tregs and Tr1 in patients with MM. The study included 36 patients with MM and 24 matched healthy donors. The content of CD4+CD25hiCD127-FoxP3+Tregs and IL-10-producing CD4+IL-10+Tr1 populations expressing PD-1 and TIM-3 was assessed in peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) by flow cytometry. The relative content of circulating CD4+CD25hiCD127-FoxP3+Tregs and IL-10-producing CD4+IL-10+Tr1 was significantly higher in MM patients compared to healthy donors. A higher relative content of IL-10-producing T lymphocytes was noted compared to Treg. The relative content of Tregs and Tr1 in BM samples did not differ significantly from PB values. The proportion of Tregs expressing PD-1 and TIM-3 in patients with MM did not differ significantly from the values in healthy donors. The content of PD-1- and TIM-3-positive CD4+IL-10+T cells was significantly higher in PB samples from MM patients compared to donors.IL-10-producing CD4+T cells constitute a significant proportion of T lymphocytes in the PB and BM of patients with MM and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of MM. Their content exceeds that of CD4+CD25hiCD127-FoxP3+Treg. A relatively small number of Tregs express the checkpoint receptors PD-1 and TIM-3, no different from donors. The proportion of PD-1-/TIM-3-positive cells is ~20% of CD4+IL-10+T cells and significantly exceeds the values of healthy individuals.
Features of the expression of genes of antimicrobial peptides and the microbiome at the level of the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract during aging
Authors: Burmakina V. V. , Vartanova N. O. , Khoreva M. V. , Gorodishchenskaya S. V. , Avagyan A. S. , Svitich O. A. 
Published: September 2024

Today, the proportion of elderly and senile people is steadily growing throughout the world. The most important factors in the first line of immune defense of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract are β-defensins, which are a group of secretory proteins with antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study was to study the expression of genes for antimicrobial peptides β-defensins and the composition of the microbiome of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract in elderly people and long-livers with various aging phenotypes.The main study group included 67 centenarians and 49 elderly people, who were further divided into two subgroups depending on the course of aging (pathological and successful aging). Nucleic acids were isolated from nasopharyngeal scrapings and the expression levels of the DEFB1 and DEFB4 genes were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The composition of the microbiota in nasopharyngeal swabs was determined by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.In analyzing the expression of the DEFB1 gene in elderly people and centenarians with successful and pathological aging phenotypes, no difference was revealed between the groups. Expression of the DEFB4 gene was increased in centenarians with pathological aging compared to centenarians with successful aging and in the elderly group. Excessive production of antimicrobial peptides is dual in nature; on the one hand, they provide the first line of defense against microorganisms, and on the other, they are cytotoxic to their own cells. An increase in the expression of the DEFB4 gene during aging may be due to an increase in the number of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, which can be one’s own microbiota and/or components of microbial metabolism. Analysis of the microbiota composition showed an increase in biodiversity in individuals with a successful aging phenotype compared to a pathological phenotype. Particular attention is paid to Staphylococcus spp., the species composition of which depends on the aging phenotype. In the pathological aging group, the frequency of St. aureus colonization is significantly higher than in the successful aging group.Thus, overexpression of the DEFB4 gene and changes in the composition of the microbiota of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract may be one of the mechanisms explaining the increased susceptibility to infections in various aging phenotypes.
Formulasi dan karakterisasi paper soap antibakteri dengan penambahan nanokitosan dari cangkang kepiting bakau
Authors: Luthfiyana Novi , Asikin Nor , Khoirunnisa Mutia , Hidayat Taufik 
Published: September 2024

Inovasi pembuatan produk sabun terus dikembangkan salah satunya berbentuk paper soap dengan penambahan nanokitosan yang memiliki manfaat sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan kitosan berukuran nano dan menentukan formula terbaik paper soap antibakteri dengan penambahan nanokitosan cangkang kepiting bakau (Scylla sp.) melalui karakterisasi secara fisikokimia dan mikrobiologi. Pembuatan nanokitosan menggunakan cangkang kepiting bakau (Scylla sp.) menggunakan metode gelasi ionik. Formulasi paper soap dengan penambahan nanokitosan, yaitu 0; 0,25; 0,5; 0,75; dan 1%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nanokitosan cangkang Scylla sp. berukuran 67,07 nm. Paper soap dengan penambahan nanokitosan Scylla sp (0; 0,25; 0,5; 0,75; dan 1%) menghasilkan nilai ph 9,18-9,27, kadar air 18,25-32,00% dan alkali bebas 0,003-0,010%. Seluruh konsentrasi paper soap bertekstur halus, memiliki aroma jasmine dan menunjukkan warna beige. Aktivitas bakteri Gram positif Staphylococcus aureus pada paper soap menghasilkan zona bening 3,5-14 mm dan pada bakteri Gram negatif mampu menghambat Echerichia coli 4,50-11,50 mm. Paper soap antibakteri dengan konsentrasi nanokitosan 0,5% adalah formulasi terbaik dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Gram positif (S.aureus) dan bakteri Gram negatif (E.coli). Paper soap antibakteri dengan penambahan nanokitosan cangkang (Scylla sp.) pada penelitian ini memenuhi kriteria sabun sesuai standar SNI.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Klasikal dengan Media Dadu untuk Mata Pelajaran Matematika Materi Penjumlahan Di Kelas 1 SD
Authors: Fadhillah Alfiah Lailatul 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat capaian pembelajaran peserta didik kelas 1 di Sekolah Dasar Negeri di Kota Malang, melalui media dadu dan menggunakan model pembelajaran klasikal dengan mengajak peserta didik untuk aktif selama pembelajaran berlangsung. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena terdapat permasalahan yang dilihat yaitu masih belum optimalnya peserta didik dalam materi penjumlahan sampai 20. Masih ada beberapa peserta didik yang perlu bimbingan oleh guru selama pembelajaran. Ber­dasarkan permasalahan yang ditemukan, maka sebagai calon guru pro­fesional diharuskan memiliki metode atau model yang efektif selama pem­belajaran di kelas. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pembelajaran klasikal dan media dadu untuk mengajak peserta didik untuk memahami materi penjumlahan sampai 20. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat kemam­puan peserta didik dalam materi penjumlahan untuk melihat tercapainya kemampuan peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil yang signi­fikan dan memiliki capaian yang bagus. Peserta didik senang selama meng­ikuti pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media dadu dan memudah­kan dalam memahami materi penjumlahan sampai 20. Model pembelajaran klasikal juga memiliki fokus dalam melihat keaktifan peserta didik selama mengikuti pembelajaran dengan pola tugas dan kegiatan yang sama sehingga membantu guru untuk membantu meningkatkan kemampuannya.
Psychosocial effects and mental health issues associated with body dysmorphic disorder in women
Authors: Shakeel Amna , Zafar Habiba 
Published: September 2024

A recent study emphasized that about 1-2% of the general population is inflicted with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), with a greater prevalence in women. Women demonstrate more distress associated with BBD, accompanied by repetitive behaviors related to their appearance, such as checking, camouflaging, or attempting to ‘improve’ the appearance of the perceived flaw by resorting to excessive grooming, cosmetic surgery, using makeup, wearing a costume mask, and often concealing the body part they find unappealing.
Relato de una experiencia en salud mental comunitaria: cuando de la niñez se trata
Authors: Barcala Alejandra , Álvarez Zunino Patricia , Marotta Julio , De Gemmis Vicente , González Valeria , Brown María Florencia , Rajnerman Graciela , Calvo Sandra , Pignata Noris , Torricelli Flavia 
Published: September 2024

Diversas investigaciones en sistemas y servicios de salud que llevamos a cabo en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires un equipo de investigación formado por profesionales del Hospital de Día Infantil “La Cigarra” perteneciente al Centro de Salud Mental N°1 e investigadores pertenecientes a la Universidad de Buenos Aires en el marco de un Proyecto UBACyT con sede en la Facultad de Psicología, demostraron que durante el período 1995-2005 hubo un aumento de las problemáticas psicosociales en la niñez, así como de las consultas de niños, niñas y adolescentes con trastornos mentales severos.
Acciones y reflexiones del equipo técnico del Órgano de Revisión de la Ley Nacional de Salud Mental No 26.657
Authors: Natella Graciela , Guerrero Martina , Iriart Mariana , Luciani Conde Leandro , Reales Hugo 
Published: September 2024

Se presenta la experiencia desarrollada por el equipo técnico del Órgano de Revisión Nacional de la Ley 26657 (ORN) perteneciente al Ministerio Público de la Defensa. El objetivo es describir el trabajo realizado desde su constitución, a través de las acciones desarrolladas, tomando como objeto de análisis e intervención el sistema de salud mental actual.
Se identificó que aún persiste un modelo de atención clínico-asistencial transversal al sistema de salud mental caracterizado por: la concepción de la persona usuaria como incapaz, la atención basada en el control sintomático, la formación profesional como obstáculo para alcanzar la inclusión socio comunitaria, el fenómeno de puerta giratoria, entre otros.
Se resignifica el concepto de internación social y se advierte sobre la noción de voluntariedad condicionada como aspectos a ser revisados de manera de contribuir con la implementación del modelo comunitario de atención en salud mental basado en los actuales estándares.
Si bien se ha detectado la persistencia de un modelo atencional representante de un paradigma asilar transversal a todos los efectores visitados, las situaciones de vulneración de derechos ya no son desestimadas, olvidadas e invisibilizadas, sino que son objeto de acciones y medidas para su denuncia y transformación, propósito primordial del ORN.
Aprendizajes y reflexiones sobre la salud mental comunitaria en pandemia
Authors: Bottinelli Marcela 
Published: September 2024

A lo largo de estos casi 2 años, la pandemia mostró las miserias y bondades de las que las sociedades somos capaces y artífices. La capacidad de cuidar y cuidarnos, crear y recrear aún en las condiciones más adversas, así como la crueldad y egoísmo a nivel subjetivo particular, e intersubjetivo; es decir: tanto a nivel de las personas, como de los grupos, instituciones, niveles de gobierno, corporaciones y representantes de intereses económico políticos mundiales. Desde la administración de recursos básicos como barbijos, alcohol, jabón, e insumos como respiradores, camas, personal, tecnologías y conocimientos que debían desarrollarse en tiempo record (como el caso paradigmático de las vacunas), hasta las medidas de gobierno que se implementaron, fueron y siguen siendo objeto de discusión, tensión y construcción de sentidos. Así, se fueron planteando escenarios de disputa en los que se connotaron valoraciones positivas y negativas, y se construyeron como cuidado, riesgo, necesidad, bien de mercado, oportunidad o peligro según los intereses y posiciones en juego.