bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resettlement of Older Syrian Refugees in Canada: Key Individual Factors of Social Inclusion
Authors: Hanley Jill , Hassan Mahmudul , Mhamied Adnan Al , Guruge Sepali , Hajjar Oula , Hynie Michaela , Jamil Rabih , Razavipour Erfaneh 
Published: October 2024

<p>Existing literature documents how older refugees are at risk of social exclusion and isolation, yet few researchers have investigated the social inclusion of recently (re)settled older Syrian refugees in Canada. Here we apply the social inclusion model to older migrants to analyze the social inclusion of 360 Syrian refugee older adults (51+ years) in Canada. Results indicate that older Syrian refugees tend to have good health, a strong sense of belonging, regular communication with others, and supportive relationships; therefore, they are likely to experience social inclusion, despite education and language challenges. We conclude by discussing the positive structural elements in their resettlement experiences.</p>
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KAJIAN STATUS KENAJISAN LARVA DAN PENGGUNAANNYA DALAM MAKANAN TERNAKAN: FATWA NEGERI PERLIS
Authors: Dahaman@Dahlan Mohd Akram , Mohd Yusof Zizi Azlinda 
Published: October 2024

It has been scientifically proven that the larvae of the Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) are a sustainable food source. However, there are few studies from the perspective of fiqh law on the impurity status of Black Soldier Fly larvae (BSFL). According to the original legal principle, animals are allowed to eat any kind of food, whether it is halal or haram. Nevertheless, a dispute (mahal al-niza’) arises when impure food is fed to farm animals such as chickens, ducks, fish and shrimps, which eventually reach humans, especially Muslims as the final consumers. The reason for this is that livestock that is constantly fed with impure food is considered al-jallalah according to fiqh. This study uses qualitative methods and collects data through documentation and interviews. In this study, a distinction is made between the status of impurity and al-khabith (reprehensible), because not all al-khabith is impure and not all impurities are al-khabith. The researchers tend to believe that BSFL should not be categorised as impure (najs), but only falls under the category of al-khabith. This study is significant for the fatwa committees of Perlis to issue a fatwa on the status of impurity of BSFL.

Abstrak
Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larva (BSFL) telah dibuktikan secara saintifik merupakan sumber nutrisi yang lestari, bagaimanapun terdapat kajian yang terhad dari perspektif hukum fiqah dari segi status kenajisan BSFL. Pada hukum asal, harus bagi binatang-binatang memakan apa jenis makanan sekalipun tidak kira halal atau haram, bagaimanapun, pertikaian (mahal al-niza’) muncul apabila diberi makanan yang berstatus najis kepada binatang ternakan seperti ayam, itik, ikan dan udang yang akhirnya manusialah, secara spesifiknya Muslim sebagai pengguna terakhir (final consumer). Hal ini kerana, binatang ternakan yang diberi makan najis secara konsisten menurut pandangan fiqh dikira sebagai haiwan al-jallalah. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dan mengumpul data-data menerusi kajian kepustakaan dan temu bual. Kajian ini mendapati ada perbezaan antara status najis dan al-khabith (menjelikkan) kerana tidak semua al-khabith itu najis dan tidak semua najis itu al-khabith. Penyelidik cenderung kepada pendapat BSFL tidak dikategorikan sebagai hukum najis tetapi ia termasuk kategori al-khabith sahaja. Kajian ini signifikan kerana menjadi asas rujukan kepada ahli jawatankuasa Negeri Perlis dalam mengeluarkan fatwa berkaitan dengan isu kenajisan BSFL.
Weak-Lensing Shear-Selected Galaxy Clusters from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program: II. Cosmological Constraints from the Cluster Abundance
Authors: Chiu I-Non , Chen Kai-Feng , Oguri Masamune , Rau Markus M. , Hamana Takashi , Lin Yen-Ting , Miyatake Hironao , Miyazaki Satoshi , More Surhud , Sunayama Tomomi , Sugiyama Sunao , Takada Masahiro 
Published: October 2024

We present cosmological constraints using the abundance of weak-lensing shear-selected galaxy clusters in the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program. The clusters are selected on the aperture-mass maps constructed using the three-year (Y3) weak-lensing data with an area of ≈500deg 2, resulting in a sample size of 129 clusters with high signal-to-noise ratios ν≥4.7. Owing to the deep, wide-field, and uniform imaging of the HSC survey, this is by far the largest sample of shear-selected clusters, for which the selection solely depends on gravity and is free from any assumptions about the dynamical state and complex baryon physics. Informed by the optical counterparts, the shear-selected clusters span a redshift range of z≲0.7 with a median of z≈0.3. The lensing sources are securely selected at z≳0.7 with a median of z≈1.3, leading to nearly zero cluster member contamination. We carefully account for (1) the bias in the photometric redshift of sources, (2) the bias and scatter in the weak-lensing mass using a simulation-based calibration, and (3) the measurement uncertainty that is directly estimated on the aperture-mass maps using an injection-based method developed in a companion paper (Chen et al. submitted). In a blind analysis, the fully marginalized posteriors of the cosmological parameters are obtained as Ωm=0.50−0.24+0.28, σ8=0.685−0.088+0.161, Ŝ8≡σ8(Ωm/0.3)0.25=0.835−0.044+0.041, and σ8Ωm/0.3=0.993−0.126+0.084 in a flat ΛCDM model. We compare our cosmological constraints with other studies, including those based on cluster abundances, galaxy-galaxy lensing and clustering, and Cosmic Microwave Background observed by Planck, and find good agreement at levels of ≲2σ. [abridged]
Integrating clinical and genomic landscape analysis of perineural invasion identify ACTA1 as an oncogene for oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Sheng , Zhao Tongchao , Song Yuxian , Huang Xiaofeng , Ni Yanhong , Ding Liang , Fu Yong , Hu Qingang , Wang Yi 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundPerineural invasion (PNI) has been shown to be a key pathological feature of several types of cancer, including oral squamous epithelial carcinoma (OSCC). However, the overall clinical and genomic landscape of PNI+ OSCC are still unclear, and the molecular mechanism of PNI remains to be further investigated.Methods279 OSCC samples were extracted from the TCGA database and grouped according to PNI. The clinicopathological information, prognostic and survival analyses were performed. The Cibersort algorithm and ESTIMATE algorithm was used to estimate the impacts on proportion of immune cells, immune score and stromal score by PNI. Immunotherapy prediction analysis was also performed. 167 differentially expressed genes were screened for functional enrichment analysis. Actin α1 (ACTA1) protein, which was significantly upregulated in the PNI+ group, was selected for validation in our OSCC patient’s cohort (n = 70). We next analyzed the ratio and absolute number of key immunocytes in peripheral blood of OSCC patients according to Actin α1 expression by flow cytometry.ResultsPNI was more likely to occur in patients with advanced tumors and worse prognosis. Immunomodulation analyses showed that T cells follicular helper and cells were significantly lower, but M2 macrophages and total stromal score was significantly higher in PNI+ OSCC. Immunotherapy prediction analyses showed that PNI+ OSCC may be more sensitive to CTLA4 inhibitor treatment. 167 differentially expressed genes were identified and enriched in muscle structure and cell movement-related pathway. Among them, Actin α1 (ACTA1) was significantly upregulated in PNI+ advanced OSCC with worse clinical outcome whose had relatively low ratio of CD3+CD8+ circulating cytotoxic T cells.ConclusionPNI+ OSCC patients with upregulated of Actin α1 could benefit from cytotoxic T cell-mediated immunotherapy.
Six years of spreading BLSD skills in schools: empowering teachers as trainers
Authors: Calicchia Sara , Capanna Silvia , De Rosa Mariangela , Papaleo Bruno , Pera Alessandra 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionTo increase the population's ability to handle emergencies, life-saving maneuvers should be universally acquired as an automatic skill starting from school through frequent and practical retraining. Teachers could be ideal multipliers, but it is necessary to design pathways that train and motivate them, since Basic Life Support and Defibrillation (BLSD) skills are not part of their academic curricula. This study explores innovative training solutions and facilitating factors to enhance BLSD education in schools by focusing on the training and motivation of teachers.MethodsIn the 1st year, an in-service training program for teachers was provided and assessed in a lower middle school in central Italy. The study compared the skills of a group of students trained by teachers with those trained by certified instructors, immediately after the course and 6 months later. Both the procedural skills and the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) were evaluated, through a hands-on simulation. Over the next 5 years, the project was expanded to three more schools, and a field study was conducted where researchers monitored the teachers in their classroom work, supporting them in resolving critical issues.ResultsQuantitative assessments showed significant differences in student abilities immediately after the course, which diminished after 6 months. Qualitative evaluations indicated that teachers, initially reluctant, gained confidence and effectively taught BLSD skills. Over 5 academic years, the project expanded to additional schools, training 5,661 students in life-saving maneuvers with a ratio of 1 teacher for every 111 trained students, over the whole period of time. Sustainability factors included regular retraining of teachers, continually updated and free didactic materials and equipment, internal coordinators, allowing teachers the freedom to structure a customized course schedule in terms of timing and delivery methods.ConclusionThe study highlights the effectiveness of trained teachers as BLSD knowledge multipliers. Standardizing teacher training, including follow-up retraining, is crucial, but flexibility in student training is beneficial, allowing adaptation to the specific needs of schools. Future research should focus on the long-term sustainability of chain training in larger areas, identifying strategies to overcome organizational and motivational barriers.
The Replicase Protein of Potato Virus X Is Able to Recognize and Trans-Replicate Its RNA Component
Authors: Dutta Pinky , Lõhmus Andres , Ahola Tero , Mäkinen Kristiina 
Published: October 2024

The trans-replication system explores the concept of separating the viral RNA involved in the translation of the replicase protein from the replication of the viral genome and has been successfully used to study the replication mechanisms of alphaviruses. We tested the feasibility of this system with potato virus X (PVX), an alpha-like virus, in planta. A viral RNA template was designed which does not produce the replicase and prevents virion formation but remains recognizable by the replicase. The replicase construct encodes for the replicase protein, while lacking other virus-specific recognition sequences. Both the constructs were delivered into Nicotiana benthamiana leaves via Agrobacterium-mediated infiltration. Templates of various lengths were tested, with the longer templates not replicating at 4 and 6 days post inoculation, when the replicase protein was provided in trans. Co-expression of helper component proteinase with the short template led to its trans-replication. The cells where replication had been initiated were observed to be scattered across the leaf lamina. This study established that PVX is capable of trans-replicating and can likely be further optimized, and that the experimental freedom offered by the system can be utilized to delve deeper into understanding the replication mechanism of the virus.
Достижения в области применения топирамата в качестве профилактического лечения мигрени: нейробиология и клиническая практика
Authors: Наумова Г.И. , Прусакова А.А. , Наумов А.Д. 
Published: October 2024

Мигрень – распространенное инвалидизирующее заболевание головного мозга. До 70% пациентов с хронической мигренью страдают от лекарственно-зависимой головной боли из-за злоупотребления комбинированными анальгетиками, триптаном, производными спорыньи или/и опиоидов. Топирамат имеет несколько потенциальных механизмов действия для купирования приступов головной боли. Топирамат – эффективное и хорошо переносимое профилактическое средство для пациентов с мигренью. Оно было впервые официально одобрено для профилактики эпизодической мигрени в США в 2007 г. Клинические испытания подтвердили эффективность топирамата в качестве средства для предупреждения хронической мигрени. Доза топирамата 50 мг 2 раза в день в ходе проведенных клинических исследований оказалась наиболее эффективной и лучше переносимой. Топирамат рекомендован в качестве профилактического препарата превентивной терапии первой линии при мигрени. Наиболее часто допускаемая ошибка в лечении эпизодической мигрени заключается в том, что топирамат не используют для профилактики, а начинают его рассматривать только при хронической мигрени, несмотря на неопровержимые данные клинических исследований по его высокой эффективности именно при эпизодической и вестибулярной мигрени, а не только хронической.
Migraine is a common disabling brain disorder. Up to 70% of patients with chronic migraine suffer from drug-dependent headache due to the abuse of combination analgesics, triptans, ergot derivatives and/or opioids. Topiramate has several potential mechanisms of action for relieving headache attacks. Topiramate is an effective and well- tolerated preventive agent for migraine patients and it was first officially approved for episodic migraine prevention in the United States in 2007. Since 2007, clinical trials have confirmed the effectiveness of Topiramate as an agent for chronic migraine prevention. In clinical studies conducted, the dose of Topiramate 50 mg twice daily was found to be the most effective and best tolerated. Topiramate is recommended as a first-line preventive therapy drug in migraine. The most common mistake in episodic migraine management is that Topiramate is not used for prevention, but it is only considered for chronic migraine, despite incontrovertible data from clinical studies demonstrating its high effectiveness in episodic and vestibular migraine, rather than only in chronic migraine.
СТРАНЫ ШОС В РЕШЕНИИ ГЛОБАЛЬНЫХ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ И ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ПРОБЛЕМ
Authors: ЛЮ Л. , ЦАО Ш. 
Published: October 2024

В данной статье рассматривается вопросы международного сотрудничества стран ШОС в решении поставленных целей и задач экономического и политического характера. Цель исследования - исследовать страны ШОС в решении глобальных политических и экономических проблем. Основными методами исследования явились: анализ, сравнения принятия решений, логического рассуждения и многие другие. Основой развития страны ШОС является концентрация на основных преимуществах географического положения, долгой истории дружественных обменов, взаимном понимании и признании культурных ценностей. Государства-члены ШОС объединили самые разные цивилизации, с разными историческими и культурными традициями, а также с разными национальностями, религиями, верованиями и социальными системами. С самого начала ШОС четко выступала за полное уважение многообразия и различий различных этнических групп и культур разных стран, а также за мирное существование народов, взаимное обучение и совместное развитие. Это также позволило ШОС продолжать приносить плоды сотрудничества в области образования, культуры, искусства, спорта, туризма, медицины. Основная концепция стран ШОС заключается в том, чтобы помогать друг другу в одном направлении. Солидарность и взаимопомощь глубоко укоренились в сердцах людей.
This article examines the issues of international cooperation between the SCO countries in solving the set goals and objectives of an economic and political nature. The purpose of the study is to explore the SCO countries in solving global political and economic problems. The main research methods were: analysis, comparisons of decision-making, logical reasoning and many others. The basis for the development of the SCO country is to focus on the main advantages of its geographical location, a long history of friendly exchanges, mutual understanding and recognition of cultural values. The SCO member states have united a wide variety of civilizations, with different historical and cultural traditions, as well as with different nationalities, religions, beliefs and social systems. From the very beginning, the SCO has clearly advocated full respect for the diversity and differences of different ethnic groups and cultures of different countries, as well as for the peaceful existence of peoples, mutual learning and joint development. It also allowed the SCO to continue to bear the fruits of cooperation in the fields of education, culture, art, sports, tourism, and medicine. The basic concept of the SCO countries is to help each other in one direction. Solidarity and mutual assistance are deeply rooted in the hearts of people.
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ И МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫЕ ЗАКУПКИ КАК ЭЛЕМЕНТ СТИМУЛИРОВАНИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ НА РЕГИОНАЛЬНОМ УРОВНЕ
Authors: ШАПОШНИКОВА Ю.Д. , БАТЫРЕВА Д.Б. , БАТЫРЕВ С.Д. , НАРАНОВ А.Ю. , ПАРШАНОВА Е.Н. , СИНЬХУ Х. 
Published: October 2024

В данной статье проводится анализ закупочной деятельности, осуществляемой для удовлетворения государственных и муниципальных нужд, что является общепринятой практикой во всех странах мира. В представленном исследовании осуществляется комплексный анализ статистических связей, характеризующих взаимодействие между ключевыми экономическими показателями на уровне регионов Южного федерального округа (ЮФО). Определены и изучены параметры статистической связи между оборотом организаций и доходной частью региональных бюджетов. Исследование опирается на обширный массив данных, включая статистический анализ и моделирование экономических процессов, что позволяет обосновать предложенные рекомендации с точки зрения их потенциальной эффективности и практической реализуемости.
This article analyzes the procurement activities carried out to meet state and municipal needs, which is a common practice in all countries of the world. The presented study provides a comprehensive analysis of statistical relationships characterizing the interaction between key economic indicators at the level of the regions of the Southern Federal District (SFD). The parameters of the statistical relationship between the turnover of organizations and the revenue part of regional budgets are determined and studied. The study is based on an extensive array of data, including statistical analysis and modeling of economic processes, which allows us to justify the proposed recommendations in terms of their potential effectiveness and practical feasibility.
АНАЛИЗ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО КАПИТАЛА И МЕТОДЫ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЕГО ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ В ДОЛГОСРОЧНОМ ПЕРИОДЕ
Authors: ГОРИНА М.С. 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются основные подходы к определению человеческого капитала, выделяются элементы человеческого капитала указывается на различия в выборе критериев классификации у разных авторов и дается определение человеческого капитала. Анализируется значимость и необходимость формирования и сохранения качественного человеческого капитала; устанавливается взаимосвязь категорий «человеческий капитал», «персонал» и «кадры»; указываются основные методы отбора человеческого капитала и делается вывод о целесообразности их комбинирования. Формулируются задачи и обозначаются функции процесса анализа человеческого капитала, выделяются основные методы, направленные на повышение эффективности применения человеческого капитала организации в долгосрочном периоде, указываются факторы эффективной расстановки персонала, дается оценка значимости процесса анализа человеческого капитала.
The article discusses the main approaches to the definition of human capital, highlights the elements of human capital, points out the differences in the choice of classification criteria from different authors and defines human capital. The importance and necessity of the formation and preservation of high-quality human capital are analyzed; the interrelation of the categories "human capital", "personnel" and "personnel" is established; the main methods of selecting human capital are indicated and it is concluded that it is advisable to combine them. The tasks and functions of the human capital analysis process are formulated, the main methods aimed at improving the effectiveness of the organization's human capital in the long term are highlighted, the factors of effective personnel placement are indicated, and the importance of the human capital analysis process is assessed.
ТРЕНДЫ В МИРОВОЙ И РОССИЙСКОЙ ЭНЕРГЕТИКЕ
Authors: ШАМШОВИЧ Е.О. 
Published: October 2024

В данной статье рассмотрены тренды в мировой и российской энергетике Проанализированы изменения парадигмы в энергетике, преимущества перехода к децентрализованной энергетике и то, какие риски повлечет за собой импортозамещение. Проанализирован опыт работы российских и зарубежных компаний, а также особенности и перспективы развития российского рынка энергетики. В статье уделено внимание вопросам ценообразования. Рассмотрены особенности ценообразования на рынке энергетики в условиях мирового кризиса и новые правила регулирования цен в энергетике. В статье изучаются вопросы развития перехода мировой энергетики к нулевым выбросам углекислого газа и возобновляемым источникам энергии.
This article discusses trends in the global and Russian energy sector. Analyzed the paradigm shifts in the energy sector, the benefits of the transition to decentralized energy, and what risks import substitution will entail. The work experience of Russian and foreign companies, as well as the features and prospects for the development of the Russian energy market, are analyzed. The article focuses on pricing issues. The features of pricing in the energy market in the conditions of the global crisis and new rules for regulating prices in the energy industry are considered. The article examines the development of the transition of world energy to zero carbon dioxide emissions and renewable energy sources.