bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new method of genotyping MDX4CV mice by PCR‐RFLP analysis
Authors: Tichy Elisia D. , Mourkioti Foteini 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The mdx4cv mouse is a common model to study Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The most used methodology to identify the genotype of these mice is Sanger DNA sequencing. Methods: Here, we provide a simple, cost‐effective alternative approach to identify the wild‐type, heterozygous, or homozygous/hemizygous genotypes of these mice, using commonly available laboratory equipment and reagents. Results: Our technique exploits a restriction fragment length polymorphism that is generated by the point mutation found in exon 53 of mdx4cv mice. Conclusions: This technique can benefit laboratories that require complex breeding strategies involving mdx4cv mice. Muscle Nerve 56: 522–524, 2017
Daily exposure to either a high‐ or low‐energy‐dense snack food reduces its reinforcing value in adolescents
Authors: Temple Jennifer L. , Van der Kloet Erika , Atkins Amanda M. , Crandall Amanda K. , Ziegler Amanda M. 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveTo examine the impact of daily exposure to a low‐energy‐dense (LED) or a high‐energy‐dense (HED) snack food on its reinforcing value (RRV) in adolescents with healthy weight, overweight, or obesity.MethodsA parallel‐group, randomized trial was used to assess RRV of LED or HED snack food at baseline and again after exposure to that snack food daily for 2 weeks in 77 adolescents, aged 13 to 17 years. Information on eating‐related subject characteristics was also collected at baseline.ResultsAfter 2 weeks of daily exposure, the RRV of the snack foods was significantly reduced in all participants, regardless of energy density or participant weight status. Among individuals who were high in dietary restraint only, those randomized to LED food found their snack food less reinforcing at baseline than those who were randomized to HED food. Baseline eating‐related variables also differed as a function of weight status.ConclusionsDaily exposure to snack food in adolescents reduces the RRV of that food regardless of snack food energy density or weight status of the adolescent. This finding differs from adults, suggesting that increases in RRV of HED food after repeated exposure may develop after adolescence.
Enhancing physical activity and reducing obesity through smartcare and financial incentives: A pilot randomized trial
Authors: Shin Dong Wook , Yun Jae Moon , Shin Jung‐Hyun , Kwon Hyuktae , Min Hye Yeon , Joh Hee‐Kyung , Chung Won Joo , Park Jin Ho , Jung Kee‐Taig , Cho BeLong 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveA pilot randomized trial assessed the feasibility and effectiveness of an intervention combining Smartcare (activity tracker with a smartphone application) and financial incentives.MethodsA three‐arm, open‐label randomized controlled trial design involving traditional education, Smartcare, and Smartcare with financial incentives was involved in this study. The latter group received financial incentives depending on the achievement of daily physical activity goals (process incentive) and weight loss targets (outcome incentive). Male university students (N = 105) with body mass index of ≥27 were enrolled.ResultsThe average weight loss in the traditional education, Smartcare, and Smartcare with financial incentives groups was −0.4, −1.1, and −3.1 kg, respectively, with significantly greater weight loss in the third group (both Ps < 0.01). The final weight loss goal was achieved by 0, 2, and 10 participants in the traditional education, Smartcare, and Smartcare with financial incentives groups (odds ratio for the Smartcare with financial incentive vs. Smartcare = 7.27, 95% confidence interval: 1.45–36.47). Levels of physical activity were significantly higher in this group.ConclusionsThe addition of financial incentives to Smartcare was effective in increasing physical activity and reducing obesity.
Characterization of degradation products of silodosin under stress conditions by liquid chromatography/Fourier transform mass spectrometry
Authors: Pandeti Sukanya , Narender Tadigoppula , Prabhakar Sripadi , Reddy Thota Jagadeswar 
Published: January 2017

RationaleSilodosin (SDN) is a novel α1‐adrenoceptor antagonist in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The presence of degradation products in a drug affects not only the quality, but also the safety and efficacy of drug formulation. Thus, it is essential to develop an efficient analytical method which could be useful to selectively separate, identify and characterise of all possible degradation products of SDN which is mandatory in drug development processes.MethodsSDN was subjected to forced degradation under hydrolytic (acid, base and neutral), oxidative, photolytic and thermal stress conditions. Separation of the drug and degradation products was achieved by a liquid chromatography (LC) method using an Acquity UPLC® BEH C18 (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 μm; Waters) column with mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid (FA) in water (A) and 0.1% FA in acetonitrile (ACN) and methanol (MeOH) (1:1) (B) as organic modifier at a flow rate of 0.15 mL min–1 in gradient elution mode. Identification and characterization of the degradation products was performed by mass spectrometry methods using an LTQ‐Orbitrap mass spectrometer.ResultsA total of five degradation products (DP1 to DP5) were formed under various stress conditions and their structures were proposed with the help of tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) experiments and high‐resolution mass spectral data. A common degradation product (DP1) was observed under acidic and basic degradation conditions. DP2 was observed under acidic, DP4 and DP5 were observed under basic hydrolytic conditions, whereas DP3 was observed under oxidative conditions.ConclusionsSDN was found to be labile under hydrolytic and oxidative conditions. The structures of all the degradation products were proposed. The most rational mechanisms for the formation of the degradation products under different stress conditions have been established. The proposed method can be effectively used to carry out the determination and detection of SDN and its degradation products. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reconstruction of travel history using coupled δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr measurements of hair
Authors: Chau Thuan H. , Tipple Brett J. , Hu Lihai , Fernandez Diego P. , Cerling Thure E. , Ehleringer James R. , Chesson Lesley A. 
Published: January 2017

RationaleOxygen isotope ratios (δ18O values) of hair largely reflect features of regional hydrology while strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) are thought to reflect bedrock geology; combination of both isotope signatures may provide greater capacity for determining provenance and reconstructing travel history of an organism. To test this hypothesis, we compared the O‐Sr isotope profiles of hair from domestic horses with known residency histories.MethodsTail hairs were collected from a pair of horses pastured together for a period of 16 months, one of which lived in a different location for the 8 months prior. Hair samples were washed with solvents to remove external contaminants prior to sequential sampling for δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr analysis via TC/EA‐IRMS and MC‐ICP‐MS, respectively. Hair digests were concentrated and analyzed employing low‐flow natural aspiration to measure 87Sr/86Sr.ResultsTail hair from the control and transported horses had mean δ18O values of 11.25 ± 1.62 ‰ and 10.96 ± 1.53 ‰, and mean 87Sr/86Sr of 0.7101 ± 0.0006 and 0.7109 ± 0.0020, respectively. The δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr profiles for the control and transported horses were indistinguishable when they were pastured together. The 87Sr/86Sr profiles were significantly different during the period that the horses were living apart, while the δ18O values were indistinguishable during that period.ConclusionsBy comparing the O‐Sr isotope profiles of a control and transported horse, we investigated isotopic signal(s) potentially useful for reconstructing travel histories via high‐resolution sequential sampling along single strands of tail hair. Improved analytical capabilities allowed for extremely low Sr abundance samples to be analyzed for 87Sr/86Sr and proved capable of resolving a horse's movement between distinct regions. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
BEAP profiles as rapid test system for status analysis and early detection of process incidents in biogas plants
Authors: Refai Sarah , Berger Stefanie , Wassmann Kati , Hecht Melanie , Dickhaus Thomas , Deppenmeier Uwe 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA method was developed to quantify the performance of microorganisms involved in different digestion levels in biogas plants. The test system was based on the addition of butyrate (BCON), ethanol (ECON), acetate (ACON) or propionate (PCON) to biogas sludge samples and the subsequent analysis of CH4 formation in comparison to control samples. The combination of the four values was referred to as BEAP profile. Determination of BEAP profiles enabled rapid testing of a biogas plant’s metabolic state within 24 h and an accurate mapping of all degradation levels in a lab-scale experimental setup. Furthermore, it was possible to distinguish between specific BEAP profiles for standard biogas plants and for biogas reactors with process incidents (beginning of NH4+–N inhibition, start of acidification, insufficient hydrolysis and potential mycotoxin effects). Finally, BEAP profiles also functioned as a warning system for the early prediction of critical NH4+–N concentrations leading to a drop of CH4 formation.
A genome‐wide profiling of brain DNA hydroxymethylation in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zhao Jinying , Zhu Yun , Yang Jingyun , Li Lin , Wu Hao , De Jager Philip L. , Jin Peng , Bennett David A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIntroductionDNA methylation is a key epigenetic mechanism in brain aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The newly discovered 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine mediates DNA demethylation, is highly abundant in the brain, and is dynamically regulated by life experiences. However, little is known about its genome‐wide patterns and potential role in AD.MethodsUsing a genome‐wide capture followed by high‐throughput sequencing, we studied the genome‐wide distribution of 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine at specific genomic loci in human AD brain and identified differentially hydroxymethylated regions (DhMRs) associated with AD pathology.ResultsWe identified 517 DhMRs significantly associated with neuritic plaques and 60 DhMRs associated with neurofibrillary tangles. DNA hydroxymethylation in gene bodies was predominantly positively correlated with cis‐acting gene expression. Moreover, genes showing differential hydroxymethylation were significantly enriched in neurobiological processes and clustered in functional gene ontology categories.DiscussionOur results reveal a critical role of DNA hydroxymethylation in AD pathology and provide mechanistic insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying AD.
R‐E‐S‐P‐E‐C‐T Find out what my name means to me: The effects of marketplace misidentification on consumption
Authors: Rank‐Christman Tracy , Morrin Maureen , Ringler Christine 
Published: January 2017

AbstractLittle research has focused on understanding how the misuse of consumers' names in the marketplace impacts consumption. Building on the motivation and personal identity threat literatures, we explore the impact of being identified by someone else's given name in the marketplace. We find that consumers exhibit avoidance behaviors when misidentified (versus remaining unidentified or being correctly identified), which is mediated by feelings of respect. We also show that misidentification effects are moderated by ego fragility (i.e., as measured by implicit self‐esteem), with the effects more pronounced among those with more fragile egos. We attenuate this effect via self‐affirmation, showing that misidentified consumers who have been affirmed no longer exhibit product avoidance responses. Implications and avenues for future research are discussed.
Kevin Murphy Receives 2016 Charles S. Falkenberg Award
Authors:   AGU
Published: January 2017

Kevin Murphy received the 2016 Charles S. Falkenberg Award at the American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting Honors Ceremony, held on 14 December 2016 in San Francisco, Calif. The award honors an "early- to mid-career scientist who has contributed to the quality of life, economic opportunities, and stewardship of the planet through the use of Earth science information and to the public awareness of the importance of understanding our planet."
Cascaded commutation circuit for a hybrid DC breaker with dynamic control on fault current and DC breaker voltage
Authors: Shan Yunhai , Lim Tee C. , Finney Stephen J. , Guang Weixiao , Williams Barry W. , Holliday Derrick , Ding Xiao 
Published: January 2017

This study proposed a cascaded commutation circuit based on current commutation approach for low‐ to medium‐voltage DC fault current interruption, without snubber circuits, which slows the fault current di/dt prior to current‐zero and the rate of rise of the transient recovery voltage dv/dt across the mechanical breaker contacts after current‐zero. The proposed dynamic control of the fault current di/dt and circuit breaker voltage dVVCB/dt increase the fault current interruption capability at the first and second current‐zeros. Detailed mathematical equations are presented to evaluate the operational waveform profile and the validity of the cascaded commutation principle is confirmed by simulation and experimental results at 600 Vdc, 110 and 330 A.
Periosteal Sleeve Avulsion Fracture of the Quadriceps Tendon
Authors: van Sambeeck Jordy , Arendt Elizabeth , Rud Christopher , Macalena Jeffrey 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSleeve fractures at the superior pole of the patella have been previously described in the literature. We present the case of a 15-year-old girl who sustained a patellar sleeve avulsion of the quadriceps tendon 1 month following patellar dislocation without surgical treatment. Open repair of quadriceps tendon was performed with subsequent union. Arthrofibrosis of the knee was noted; two subsequent manipulations and adhesiolysis were performed. At 18-month postinjury, normal motion and strength were present. Special attention to postoperative recovery of range of motion is imperative for good clinical outcome after periosteal sleeve avulsion fractures of the patella.
Alcohol Use Disorders in Argentinian Girls and Women 12 Months Before Delivery: Comparison of DSM-IV, DSM-5, and ICD-10 Diagnostic Criteria
Authors: López Mariana B. , Conde Karina , Cremonte Mariana 
Published: January 2017

Background:
The evidence of important problems related to prenatal alcohol exposure has faced researchers with the problem of understanding and screening alcohol use in this population. Although any alcohol use should be considered risky during pregnancy, identifying alcohol-drinking problems (ADPs) could be especially important because women with ADPs could not benefit from a simple advice of abstinence and because their offsprings are subjected to a higher risk of problems related with prenatal alcohol exposure. In this context, we aim to study the prevalence and characteristics of ADPs in pregnant women, evaluating the performance of different diagnostic systems in this population.

Objectives:
The aims of the study were to describe the prevalence of ADPs obtained with the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders in its fourth (DSM-IV) and fifth edition (DSM-5), and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10, in Argentinean females aged 13 to 44 years, 12 months before delivery; to evaluate the level of agreement between these classification systems; and to analyze the performance of each diagnosis criterion in this population.

Methods:
Data were collected through personal interviews of a probability sample of puerperal women (N = 641) in the city of Santa Fe (Argentina), between October 2010 and February 2011. Diagnoses compatible with DSM-IV, DSM-5, and ICD-10 were obtained through the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Agreement among diagnostic systems was measured through Cohen kappa. Diagnosis criteria performance were analyzed considering their prevalence and discriminating ability (D value).

Results:
Total ADP prevalence was 6.4% for DSM-IV (4.2% abuse and 2.2% dependence), 8.1% for DSM-5 (6.4% mild, 0.8% moderate, and 0.9% severe alcohol use disorder), and 14.1% for the ICD-10 (11.9% harmful use and 2.2% dependence). DSM-5 modifications improved agreement between DSM and ICD. The least prevalent and worst discriminating ability diagnostic criterion was “legal problems.” The most prevalent and 1 of the best discriminating ability diagnostic criterion was ‘“health issues.”

Conclusions:
DSM-IV and ICD-10 dependence prevalence was similar to that of previous studies in pregnant women, whereas abuse prevalence was surprisingly higher. Our results indicate a better performance of the DSM-5 alcohol use disorder category relative to the DSM-IV dual categorization. Nevertheless, the poor diagnostic performance of some DSM-5 criteria in this population could evidence their intercultural variability.
Metabolic syndrome-associated osteoarthritis
Authors: Courties Alice , Sellam Jérémie , Berenbaum Francis 
Published: January 2017

Purpose of reviewInterest in the metabolic syndrome-associated osteoarthritis phenotype is increasing. Here, we summarize recently published significant findings.Recent findingsMeta-analyses confirmed an association between type 2 diabetes and osteoarthritis and between cardiovascular diseases and osteoarthritis. Recent advances in the study of metabolic syndrome-associated osteoarthritis have focused on a better understanding of the role of metabolic diseases in inducing or aggravating joint damage. In-vivo models of obesity, diabetes, or dyslipidemia have helped to better decipher this association. They give emerging evidence that, beyond the role of common pathogenic mechanisms for metabolic diseases and osteoarthritis (i.e., low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress), metabolic diseases have a direct systemic effect on joints. In addition to the impact of weight, obesity-associated inflammation is associated with osteoarthritis severity and may modulate osteoarthritis progression in mouse models. As well, osteoarthritis synovium from type 2 diabetic patients shows insulin-resistant features, which may participate in joint catabolism. Finally, exciting data are emerging on the association of gut microbiota and circadian rhythm and metabolic syndrome-associated osteoarthritis.SummaryThe systemic role of metabolic syndrome in osteoarthritis pathophysiology is now better understood, but new avenues of research are being pursued to better decipher the metabolic syndrome-associated osteoarthritis phenotype.
Muscle Weakness and 5-Year Survival in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Survivors*
Authors: Dinglas Victor D. , Aronson Friedman Lisa , Colantuoni Elizabeth , Mendez-Tellez Pedro A. , Shanholtz Carl B. , Ciesla Nancy D. , Pronovost Peter J. , Needham Dale M. 
Published: January 2017

Objectives:
To longitudinally evaluate the association of post-ICU muscle weakness and associated trajectories of weakness over time with 5-year survival.

Design:
Longitudinal prospective cohort study over 5 years of follow-up.

Setting:
Thirteen ICUs in four hospitals in Baltimore, MD.

Patients:
One hundred fifty-six acute respiratory distress syndrome survivors.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Strength was evaluated with standardized manual muscle testing using the Medical Research Council sum score (range, 0–60; higher is better), with post-ICU weakness defined as sum score less than 48. Muscle strength was assessed at hospital discharge and at 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 months after acute respiratory distress syndrome. At discharge, 38% of patients had muscle weakness. Every one point increase in sum score at discharge was associated with improved survival (hazard ratio [95% CI], 0.96 [0.94–0.98]), with similar findings longitudinally (0.95 [0.93–0.98]). Having weakness at discharge was associated with worse 5-year survival (1.75 [1.01–3.03]), but the association was attenuated (1.54 [0.82–2.89]) when evaluated longitudinally over follow-up. Persisting and resolving trajectories of muscle weakness, occurring in 50% of patients during follow-up, were associated with worse survival (3.01 [1.12-8.04]; and 3.14 [1.40-7.03], respectively) compared to a trajectory of maintaining no muscle weakness.

Conclusions:
At hospital discharge, greater than one third of acute respiratory distress syndrome survivors had muscle weakness. Greater strength at discharge and throughout follow-up was associated with improved 5-year survival. In patients with post-ICU weakness, both persisting and resolving trajectories were commonly experienced and associated with worse survival during follow-up.
INVERTED INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE FLAP TECHNIQUE VERSUS COMPLETE INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE REMOVAL IN MYOPIC MACULAR HOLE SURGERY
Authors: Mete Maurizio , Alfano Alessandro , Guerriero Massimo , Prigione Guido , Sartore Mauro , Polito Antonio , Pertile Grazia 
Published: January 2017

Purpose:
To compare the results of vitrectomy with complete internal limiting membrane (ILM) removal and inverted ILM flap in the treatment of myopic macular hole (MMH).

Methods:
Seventy eyes of 68 patients with MMH undergone pars-plana vitrectomy (PPV) with either complete ILM removal (n = 36, Group 1) or inverted ILM flap technique (n = 34, Group 2) were included in the study. Outcomes measured were the rate of MMH closure assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual acuity (BCVA) at six months.

Results:
Closure of MMH was achieved in 22 cases of Group 1 (61%) and in 32 cases of Group 2 (94%). Surgical failure was reported in 14 cases of Group 1 (39%) and in one case of Group 2 (3%). Average best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) changed from 0.60 to 0.58 in Group 1 (P = 0.329) and from 0.70 to 0.39 in Group 2 (P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that inverted ILM flap technique was associated with 22 times higher probability of anatomic success, regardless of the MMH diameter.

Conclusion:
Inverted ILM flap should be preferred to complete ILM removal for the treatment of MMH. The outcomes reported with this technique were better than any other technique described until now.