bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Extracellular Matrix Interactions in Melanoma Progression
Authors: Murekatete Berline , Shokoohmand Ali , McGovern Jacqui , Mohanty Lipsa , Meinert Christoph , Hollier Brett G. , Zippelius Alfred , Upton Zee , Kashyap Abhishek S. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractInsulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I binds to the ECM protein vitronectin (VN) through IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) to enhance proliferation and migration of skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Although evidence exists for the role of individual components of the complex (IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and VN), the cellular functions stimulated by these proteins together as a complex remains un-investigated in melanoma cells. We report here that the IGF-I:IGFBP-3:VN trimeric complex stimulates a dose-dependent increase in the proliferation and migration of WM35 and Sk-MEL28 melanoma cells. In 3D Matrigel™and hydrogel cultures, both cell lines formed primary tumor-like spheroids, which increased in size in a dose-dependent manner in response to the trimeric complex. Furthermore, we reveal IGFBP-3:VN protein complexes in malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma patient tissues, where the IGFBP-3:VN complex was seen to be predominantly tumor cell-associated. Peptide antagonists designed to target the binding of IGF-I:IGFBP-3 to VN were demonstrated to inhibit IGF-I:IGFBP-3:VN-stimulated cell migration, invasion and 3D tumor cell growth of melanoma cells. Overall, this study provides new data on IGF:ECM interactions in skin malignancies and demonstrates the potential usefulness of a growth factor:ECM-disrupting strategy for abrogating tumor progression.
Relationship among land surface temperature and LUCC, NDVI in typical karst area
Authors: Deng Yuanhong , Wang Shijie , Bai Xiaoyong , Tian Yichao , Wu Luhua , Xiao Jianyong , Chen Fei , Qian Qinghuan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractLand surface temperature (LST) can reflect the land surface water-heat exchange process comprehensively, which is considerably significant to the study of environmental change. However, research about LST in karst mountain areas with complex topography is scarce. Therefore, we retrieved the LST in a karst mountain area from Landsat 8 data and explored its relationships with LUCC and NDVI. The results showed that LST of the study area was noticeably affected by altitude and underlying surface type. In summer, abnormal high-temperature zones were observed in the study area, perhaps due to karst rocky desertification. LSTs among different land use types significantly differed with the highest in construction land and the lowest in woodland. The spatial distributions of NDVI and LST exhibited opposite patterns. Under the spatial combination of different land use types, the LST–NDVI feature space showed an obtuse-angled triangle shape and showed a negative linear correlation after removing water body data. In summary, the LST can be retrieved well by the atmospheric correction model from Landsat 8 data. Moreover, the LST of the karst mountain area is controlled by altitude, underlying surface type and aspect. This study provides a reference for land use planning, ecological environment restoration in karst areas.
Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Peripheral Sensory Neurons derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Authors: Alshawaf Abdullah Jawad , Viventi Serena , Qiu Wanzhi , D’Abaco Giovanna , Nayagam Bryony , Erlichster Michael , Chana Gursharan , Everall Ian , Ivanusic Jason , Skafidas Efstratios , Dottori Mirella 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe dorsal root ganglia (DRG) consist of a multitude of sensory neuronal subtypes that function to relay sensory stimuli, including temperature, pressure, pain and position to the central nervous system. Our knowledge of DRG sensory neurons have been predominantly driven by animal studies and considerably less is known about the human DRG. Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) are valuable resource to help close this gap. Our previous studies reported an efficient system for deriving neural crest and DRG sensory neurons from hESC. Here we show that this differentiation system gives rise to heterogeneous populations of sensory neuronal subtypes as demonstrated by phenotypic and functional analyses. Furthermore, using microelectrode arrays the maturation rate of the hESC-derived sensory neuronal cultures was monitored over 8 weeks in culture, showing their spontaneous firing activities starting at about 12 days post-differentiation and reaching maximum firing at about 6 weeks. These studies are highly valuable for developing an in vitro platform to study the diversity of sensory neuronal subtypes found within the human DRG.
Spartina alterniflora invasion affects soil carbon in a C3 plant-dominated tidal marsh
Authors: Wang Min , Wang Qing , Sha Chenyan , Chen Jiakuan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe carbon cycle is significantly affected by Spartina alterniflora invasion through its impact on blue carbon in many salt marshes. To determine the impacts on soil organic carbon (SOC), we studied the vertical and horizontal distribution of SOC. And stable carbon isotopes were used to explore the impact of the age of S. alterniflora invasion on SOC in Chongming Dongtan wetland located in the Yangtze River estuary, China. The results showed that the SOC concentration was higher in the S. alterniflora community than that in the native Phragmites australis community. The age of invasion and the SOC concentration increased with increasing elevation, while the SOC concentration decreased with increasing soil depth. The δ13C value became less negative at greater depth, which was related to the contribution from 13C- enriched carbon sources after 3 years of invasion. After 7 and 10 years, the δ13C value became more negative at greater depth in both communities. S. alterniflora had a positive effect on the soil carbon pool, and its contribution was related to soil depth. In the low tidal marshes, the contribution of S. alterniflora was negatively correlated with soil depth, while it was positively correlated with soil depth in the high tidal marshes. The results from this study will contribute to improved understanding of future ecological consequences.
Excellent room temperature deformability in high strain rate regimes of magnesium alloy
Authors: Somekawa Hidetoshi , Singh Alok , Sahara Ryoji , Inoue Tadanobu 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMagnesium and its alloys have the lowest density among structural metallic materials; thus, this light-weight metal has great potential for reducing the weight, for example, of vehicles and trains. However, due to its crystal structure, deformability is poor; in particular, under compressive stress. In this study, we modified magnesium with bismuth as an alloying element, which has the characteristics of being likely to form precipitates instead of grain boundary segregation. The Mg-Bi binary alloy showed excellent deformability and high absorption of energy in high-strain rate regimes at room temperature via contribution of grain boundary sliding. These properties, which are closely comparable to those of conventional middle-strength aluminum alloys (Al-Mg and Al-Mg-Si series alloys), have never been observed before in magnesium alloys. The development of such properties opens the door for not only academic but also industrial research in magnesium.
Unique Roles of β-Arrestin in GPCR Trafficking Revealed by Photoinducible Dimerizers
Authors: Takenouchi Osamu , Yoshimura Hideaki , Ozawa Takeaki 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIntracellular trafficking of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) controls their localization and degradation, which affects a cell’s ability to adapt to extracellular stimuli. Although the perturbation of trafficking induces important diseases, these trafficking mechanisms are poorly understood. Herein, we demonstrate an optogenetic method using an optical dimerizer, cryptochrome (CRY) and its partner protein (CIB), to analyze the trafficking mechanisms of GPCRs and their regulatory proteins. Temporally controlling the interaction between β-arrestin and β2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) reveals that the duration of the β-arrestin-ADRB2 interaction determines the trafficking pathway of ADRB2. Remarkably, the phosphorylation of ADRB2 by G protein-coupled receptor kinases is unnecessary to trigger clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and β-arrestin interacting with unphosphorylated ADRB2 fails to activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, in contrast to the ADRB2 agonist isoproterenol. Temporal control of β-arrestin-GPCR interactions will enable the investigation of the unique roles of β-arrestin and the mechanism by which it regulates β-arrestin-specific trafficking pathways of different GPCRs.
Nerve wrap after end-to-end and tension-free neurorrhaphy attenuates neuropathic pain: A prospective study based on cohorts of digit replantation
Authors: Zhu Xiaozhong , Wei Haifeng , Zhu Hongyi 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe repair of injured peripheral nerve is still challenging for surgeons. The end-to-end and tension-free neurorrhaphy is the current gold standard for reconstruction after complete nerve transection without significant defect. The main objective of this study neurorrhaphy in digit replantation affects the sensory recovery and neuropathic pain in replanted digit. Total 101 patients who received replantation of single completely amputated digit were included for analysis in this study. In group I (n = 49), the digital nerves were repaired with end-to-end and tension-free neurorrhaphy and then wrapped into a tendon-derived collagen nerve conduit. In group II (n = 52), the digital nerves were repaired with end-to-end and tension-free neurorrhaphy only. The static two-point discrimination (s2PD) was performed to evaluate sensory recovery. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores of pain at rest and with exertion were measured respectively. The s2PD tests at three and six months after surgery did not show any significant difference between the two groups. The VAS scores at rest and with exertion of group I were significantly reduced compared with those of group II at three and six months after surgery. Thus, we concluded that nerve wrap into a collagen conduit after end-to-end and tension-free neurorrhaphy could attenuate neuropathic pain after digit replantation but have no benefit for sensory recovery.
Shaping and Controlled Fragmentation of Liquid Metal Droplets through Cavitation
Authors: Krivokorytov M. S. , Zeng Q. , Lakatosh B. V. , Vinokhodov A. Yu. , Sidelnikov Yu. V. , Kompanets V. O. , Krivtsun V. M. , Koshelev K. N. , Ohl C. D. , Medvedev V. V. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractTargeting micrometer sized metal droplets with near-infrared sub-picosecond laser pulses generates intense stress-confined acoustic waves within the droplet. Spherical focusing amplifies their pressures. The rarefaction wave nucleates cavitation at the center of the droplet, which explosively expands with a repeatable fragmentation scenario resulting into high-speed jetting. We predict the number of jets as a function of the laser energy by coupling the cavitation bubble dynamics with Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities. This provides a path to control cavitation and droplet shaping of liquid metals in particular for their use as targets in extreme-UV light sources.
Optical-NIR dust extinction towards Galactic O stars
Authors: Maíz Apellániz J. , Barbá R. H. 
Published: January 2018

Context. O stars are excellent tracers of the intervening ISM because of their high luminosity, blue intrinsic SED, and relatively featureless spectra. We are currently conducting the Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey (GOSSS), which is generating a large sample of O stars with accurate spectral types within several kpc of the Sun.
Aims. We aim to obtain a global picture of the properties of dust extinction in the solar neighborhood based on optical-NIR photometry of O stars with accurate spectral types.
Methods. We have processed a carefully selected photometric set with the CHORIZOS code to measure the amount [E(4405 − 5495)] and type [R5495] of extinction towards 562 O-type stellar systems. We have tested three different families of extinction laws and analyzed our results with the help of additional archival data.
Results. The Maíz Apellániz et al. (2014, A&A, 564, A63) family of extinction laws provides a better description of Galactic dust that either the Cardelli et al. (1989, ApJ, 345, 245) or Fitzpatrick (1999, PASP, 111, 63) families, so it should be preferentially used when analysing samples similar to the one in this paper. In many cases O stars and late-type stars experience similar amounts of extinction at similar distances but some O stars are located close to the molecular clouds left over from their births and have larger extinctions than the average for nearby late-type populations. In qualitative terms, O stars experience a more diverse extinction than late-type stars, as some are affected by the small-grain-size, low-R5495 effect of molecular clouds and others by the large-grain-size, high-R5495 effect of H II regions. Late-type stars experience a narrower range of grain sizes or R5495, as their extinction is predominantly caused by the average, diffuse ISM. We propose that the reason for the existence of large-grain-size, high-R5495 regions in the ISM in the form of H II regions and hot-gas bubbles is the selective destruction of small dust grains by EUV photons and possibly by thermal sputtering by atoms or ions.
High-precision broad-band linear polarimetry of early-type binaries
Authors: Berdyugin A. , Piirola V. , Sakanoi T. , Kagitani M. , Yoneda M. 
Published: January 2018

Aim. To study the binary geometry of the classic Algol-type triple system λ Tau, we have searched for polarization variations over the orbital cycle of the inner semi-detached binary, arising from light scattering in the circumstellar material formed from ongoing mass transfer. Phase-locked polarization curves provide an independent estimate for the inclination i, orientation Ω, and the direction of the rotation for the inner orbit.Methods. Linear polarization measurements of λ Tau in the B, V , and R passbands with the high-precision Dipol-2 polarimeter have been carried out. The data have been obtained on the 60 cm KVA (Observatory Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain) and Tohoku 60 cm (Haleakala, Hawaii, USA) remotely controlled telescopes over 69 observing nights. Analytic and numerical modelling codes are used to interpret the data.Results. Optical polarimetry revealed small intrinsic polarization in λ Tau with ~0.05% peak-to-peak variation over the orbital period of 3.95 d. The variability pattern is typical for binary systems showing strong second harmonic of the orbital period. We apply a standard analytical method and our own light scattering models to derive parameters of the inner binary orbit from the fit to the observed variability of the normalized Stokes parameters. From the analytical method, the average for three passband values of orbit inclination i = 76° + 1°∕−2° and orientation Ω = 15°(195°) ± 2° are obtained. Scattering models give similar inclination values i = 72–76° and orbit orientation ranging from Ω = 16°(196°) to Ω = 19°(199°), depending on the geometry of the scattering cloud. The rotation of the inner system, as seen on the plane of the sky, is clockwise. We have found that with the scattering model the best fit is obtained for the scattering cloud located between the primary and the secondary, near the inner Lagrangian point or along the Roche lobe surface of the secondary facing the primary. The inclination i, inferred from polarimetry, agrees with the previously made conclusion on the semi-detached nature of the inner binary, whose secondary component is filling its Roche lobe. The non-periodic scatter, which is also present in the polarization data, can be interpreted as being due to sporadic changes in the mass transfer rate.
Neurectomy of C2 for the Treatment of Occipital Neuralgia: Case Report
Authors: Magalhães Marcelo José Silva de , Nunes Bruno Lopes 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOccipital neuralgia (ON) is an uncommon cause of headache, and it is characterized by a stabbing paroxysmal pain that radiates to the occipital region. The present study includes a review of the literature and a case report. The etiology of this pathology can vary from traumas, infections, compressions of nerves or vertebrae, skull base surgeries, to degenerative changes and congenital anomalies. However, most of the time, the etiology is considered idiopathic. The diagnosis is essentially clinical. However, it is crucial that other types of primary headache are excluded. The treatment for ON may be based on nerve blocks, medications or surgeries. Neurectomy of the second spinal nerve is among the surgical techniques available.
Neonatal Outcomes Associated with Noncephalic Presentation at Delivery in Preterm Birth
Authors: Post Annalisa , Swamy Geeta , Grotegut Chad , Wood Amber 
Published: January 2018

Objective The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of noncephalic presentation on neonatal outcomes in preterm delivery.
Study Design In this study a secondary analysis of the BEAM trial was performed. It included women with singleton, liveborn, and nonanomalous fetuses. Neonatal outcomes were compared in noncephalic versus cephalic presentation. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for each outcome with logistic regression while controlling for possible confounders. A stratified analysis by mode of delivery was also performed in this study.
Results A total of 458 noncephalic deliveries were compared with 1,485 cephalic deliveries. In multivariate analysis, noncephalic presentation was associated with increased risk of death in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) or death at <15 months corrected gestational age (cGA), and a decreased risk of IVH. The risk of death persisted in stratified analysis, with increased risk of death at <15 months cGA in noncephalic neonates born via cesarean delivery. In the vaginal delivery group, there was an increased risk of death at <15 months cGA and NICU death.
Conclusion After controlling for possible confounders, neonates who are noncephalic at delivery have higher risk for death <15 months cGA and death in the NICU while their risk of IVH is reduced. The risk of death persisted in stratified analyses by mode of delivery.
Die Homöopathie in der stationären Psychiatrie
Authors: Bitter Andrea 
Published: January 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Integration der Homöopathie in die stationäre psychiatrische Behandlung weist spezifische Herausforderungen auf, welche im stationären Setting, der homöopathischen Methodik und im Patienten begründet sein können. Wie die Einführung eines Homöopathie-Konzepts bei entsprechenden Voraussetzungen und Unterstützung von Seiten der ärztlichen Leitung und der Geschäftsführung erfolgreich verlaufen kann, wird in diesem Erfahrungsbericht rückblickend auf 6-jährige homöopathische Tätigkeit in der psychiatrischen Klinik in Angermünde gezeigt.
Homöopathie in der Onkologie: Die Wertigkeit der „As if“-Symptome
Authors: Frass Michael 
Published: January 2018

ZusammenfassungNebenwirkungen der Chemo- und Strahlentherapie stellen eine große Belastung für Krebspatienten dar. Diese Nebenwirkungen können durch Homöopathie effektiv reduziert werden. Diese Kasuistik zeigt, dass die Berücksichtigung von „As if“-Symptomen dabei einen zusätzlichen Vorteil darstellen kann. „As if“-Symptome sind geprägt durch den spontanen Bericht des Patienten. Zudem sind sie in ihrer nur durch den Patienten beobachteten Form nicht durch Suggestion von außen beeinflusst.
The global politics of an urban age: creating 'cities for all' in the age of financialisation
Authors: Robin Enora , Brill Frances 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOur globalised and increasingly urban world demands an understanding of how ideas about how to build cities travel to become embedded in places. In this context, private actors operating across borders such as investors, real estate developers, international consultants, global construction companies and engineering firms appear as key agents of change in cities. However, real estate developers’ interactions with local stakeholders and their role in territorialising global financial strategies have been relatively under-explored in urban studies and global discussions about our 'urban future', especially within discussions on the implementation of the New Urban Agenda (NUA). This paper aims to initiate future research on this topic, providing some preliminary reflections on the role of developers as key transfer agents in the global movement of capital and its anchoring in places through the transformation of the urban built environment. In this way, we hope to offer some clarity on the transnational movement of financial capital to new places and markets, asking how real estate developers contribute to the dissemination of a global capitalist logic across cities, and what challenges this poses to the implementation of the NUA? To do so, the piece brings together insights from policy mobility literature and recent work on the financialisation of urban developments with the aim of critically assessing whether and how some of the key objectives of the NUA can be achieved in a context characterised by heavy involvement by real estate actors in city-making.
Host and parasite thermal ecology jointly determine the effect of climate warming on epidemic dynamics
Authors: Gehman Alyssa-Lois M. , Hall Richard J. , Byers James E. 
Published: January 2018

Significance
Experiments and modeling demonstrate that vital rates of a host and parasite respond differently to temperature, with local parasite extinction in the coastal southeastern United States predicted under climate warming. Quantifying and comparing thermal performance curves for multiple host and parasite traits can help identify locations and temperature regimes in which parasitism could decrease or increase under future warming, depending on the temperature difference between host and parasite performance optima. We suggest that such comparative work might resolve conflicting predictions of whether hosts or parasites have the upper hand in a warming world.
Testing the impact and durability of a group malleability intervention in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Authors: Goldenberg Amit , Cohen-Chen Smadar , Goyer J. Parker , Dweck Carol S. , Gross James J. , Halperin Eran 
Published: January 2018

Significance
The importance of psychological factors in conflict resolution has been well established in laboratory experiments. However, these factors have rarely been examined in longitudinal field experiments. The goal of the current project was to address this gap by comparing the effectiveness of psychological interventions during a period of extensive violence in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. An intervention that spoke to the idea that groups can change and improve over time (a group malleability intervention) proved superior to a control intervention in improving attitudes, hope, and willingness to make concessions, even 6 months after the intervention. These findings provide evidence from a longitudinal field experiment that group malleability interventions can increase openness to conflict resolution.