bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Resistance Training Exercise on Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults with and without Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Authors: Andreassen Marita , Larsen Even Olai , Mølmen Knut Sindre , Ask Torvald , Lugo Ricardo Gregorio 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
A positive relationship between physical exercise training and cognitive function in humans is well-established. However, knowledge of how resistance exercise training affects patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is limited. COPD is usually followed by declines in cognitive functioning. Thus, an examination of how resistance exercise training affects cognitive functioning in COPD is warranted. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of resistance exercise training on cognitive functioning in COPD participants.
Method
Thirty-six older adults (> 65 years) with COPD (n = 8) and healthy controls (n = 28) completed the study protocol. Cognitive functioning using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was measured before and after a 13-week resistance exercise training intervention.
Results
For the healthy control group, resistance exercise training had no significant positive effects on cognitive functioning. For the COPD group, resistance exercise training displayed negative effects on cognitive functioning, contrary to our hypothesis.
Conclusion
While some participants without COPD had minor improvements from resistance exercise, COPD participants had adverse effects from the exercise intervention on cognitive functioning.
Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization analysis of the genetic association between neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and cortical structure
Authors: Abudusalamu Rena , Maimaiti Aierpati , tuersun maidina , fang shi , hao chenguang , Han Dengfeng , Ma Jianhua 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Observational studies have suggested an association between neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and cortical structure, but the results have been inconsistent.
Objective
We used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the bidirectional causal relationship between NMOSD and cortical structure.
Methods
Publicly available research by Karol Estrada et al. provided the NMOSD data, which included 1244 control patients, 132 cases of AQP4-IgG seropositive NMOSD, and 83 cases of AQP4-IgG seronegative NMOSD. ENIGMA Consortium provided genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for cortical surface area (SAw/nw) and thickness (THw/nw) in 51,665 people with European ancestry. For MR, the primary analysis approach employed was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. Sensitivity analyses were used to assess pleiotropy and heterogeneity.
Results
Significant associations were identified between specific cortical regions and NMOSD subtypes. For NMOSD as an outcome, significant results included associations with pericalcarine THw (p = 0.0047,beta =-0.003), pericalcarine THnw (p = 0.0070,beta=-0.002), and superior temporal THw (p = 0.0252,beta = 0.002). For NMOSD as an exposure, significant associations included rostral middle frontal SAw (p = 0.0126,beta = 6.907), rostral middle frontal THw (p = 0.0288, beta =-0.001), and inferior parietal SAw (p = 0.0186, beta = 4.572).
Conclusion
Our findings support a reciprocal causal link between cortical anatomy and NMOSD.Confirming these relationships and clarifying the underlying mechanisms will require more investigation.
Improving rice yield and quality through high-throughput phenomics, linear regression, and machine learning neural network models
Authors: Su Haoran , Wang Yiding , Fu Weimeng , Feng Baohua , Wang Wenting , Chen Tingting , Xu Yongqiang , Xiong Jie , Fu Guanfu , Zeng Yuxiang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

To explore the potential of using high-throughput plant phenomics in rice breeding programs, one hundred elite rice varieties from southern rice-growing areas in China were subjected to high-throughput phenomic analysis. A total of 88 parameters were measured and obtained using RGB imaging, fluorescence imaging, and hyperspectral imaging at four key rice growth stages: tillering, jointing, grain filling, and 20 days after grain filling. These 88 parameters, which include RGB color and morphological features, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, and rice surface reflectance spectra, were analyzed to characterize high yield and high grain quality in rice using subset selection regression and deep learning neural network models. A total of 39 significant linear regression models were obtained for predicting rice yield and grain quality, with R-squared values ranging from 0.86 to 0.15, and an average R-squared of 0.41. The data from the 100 rice varieties were split into training and test sets to evaluate the prediction accuracies of the models using mean absolute error between predicted and actual values. The results indicated that the deep learning neural network model can be used to refine the linear regression model, improving the prediction accuracy. These findings suggest that high-throughput plant phenomics can be effectively utilized in rice breeding programs to select for high-yielding, high-quality rice varieties.
Evaluating the risk of underdiagnosis of invasive breast cancer in needle biopsy-diagnosed ductal carcinoma in situ eligible for radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Shigematsu Hideo , Fujimoto Mutsumi , Suzuki Kanako , Ikejiri Haruka , Amioka Ai , Hiraoka Emiko , Sasada Shinsuke , Arihiro Koji , Okada Morihito 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is considered a promising alternative to surgical excision for patients with small, unifocal early-stage breast cancer. A significant concern with the application of RFA in patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) via needle biopsy is the underdiagnosis of invasive cancer. The extent of this underdiagnosis in DCIS patients eligible for RFA has not been clearly defined.
Methods
This retrospective study assessed lesions diagnosed as DCIS via needle biopsy and eligible for RFA at our institution from April 2009 to March 2024. The eligibility criteria for RFA included a lesion size of ≤ 1.5 cm, unifocality, and clinical node negativity. Underdiagnosis was defined as the presence of invasive cancer in surgical specimens. We evaluated the frequency and risk factors associated with underdiagnosis.
Results
During the study period, 606 lesions were diagnosed as DCIS via needle biopsy. Of these, 209 lesions met the criteria for RFA, with underdiagnosis determined in 40 lesions (19.1%). The distribution of pathological T (pT) stages among these lesions was as follows: DCIS in 169 lesions (80.9%), pT1mi in 20 lesions (9.6%), pT1a in 5 lesions (2.4%), pT1b in 9 lesions (4.3%), pT1c in 5 lesions (2.4%), and pT2 in 1 lesion (0.5%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified lesion size ≥ 10 mm as a significant risk factor for underdiagnosis (p = 0.016). Adjuvant endocrine therapy and chemotherapy were administered to 26 (65.0%) and 6 (15.0%) of the underdiagnosed lesions, respectively.
Conclusions
Our findings highlight the risk of underdiagnosing invasive breast cancer in patients undergoing RFA for needle biopsy-diagnosed DCIS. It is crucial to acknowledge the potential for undertreatment when considering RFA as a treatment option.
Evaluating the role of whole blood perturbation response in the prognosis of COPD: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Xue-Qiao , Hu Zhong-Mei , Wang Shi-Guang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The intricate connection between whole blood disturbance response and COPD was probed using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization approach, thereby broadening the scope of previous observational research findings.
Methods
A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the peripheral blood of more than 4,700 research participants under 37 conditions through the whole blood cell analyzer (Sysmex XN-1000), genotyped more than 2,600 donors, and conducted GWAS on all blood disturbance spectra. The data of COPD are from the FinnGen-public-data(n = 358,369). Utilizing Mendelian randomization analysis as a robust approach to clarify the influence of whole blood disturbance response on the prognosis of COPD and the causal relationship between them.
Results
In the analysis stage, whole blood perturbation response plays a key role in predicting the progress or improvement of COPD. Platelet perturbation response shows the predictive potential of COPD deterioration, while neutrophil, eosinophil and reticulocyte perturbation response show the predictive potential of COPD risk reduction. Furthermore, all heterogeneity analysis further confirmed no presence of heterogeneity among the genetic associations, and the MR-Egger intercept failed to yield any indication of directional pleiotropy in any of these causal relationships.
Hypomagnesemia in Large B cell Lymphoma patients receiving CAR T cell therapy correlates with immune dysregulation and decreased PFS: results from the ZUMA-1 trial and Mayo Clinic cohort
Authors: Gile Jennifer , Mondello Patrizia , Wang Zixing , Li Ying , Bansal Radhika , Gandhi Sangeetha , Zhang Henan , Babadi Elham , Martinez Kodi , McCoy Gabrielle , Shao Zuoyi , Regan Kevin , Hathcock Matthew A. , Wang Panwen , Wang Junwen , Saleh Abdullah S. Al , Ruan Gordon , Ansell Stephen M. , Bennani N. Nora , Johnston Patrick B. , Paludo Jonas , Villasboas-Bisneto Jose C. , Khurana Arushi , Durani Urshila , Wang Yucai , Hampel Paul J. , Rosenthal Allison , Munoz Javier , Moreno Eider , Castro Januario E. , Murthy Hemant S. , Kharfan-Dabaja Mohamed , Kenderian Saad S. , Kim Jenny J. , Shen Rhine , Mattie Mike , Lin Yi , Witzig Thomas E. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Hypomagnesemia has been correlated with inferior outcomes in patients with large B cell lymphoma (LBCL) undergoing stem cell transplants. As T-cell and myeloid cell dysfunction have been associated with low magnesium conditions, we investigated whether serum magnesium (Mg) levels could predict clinical outcomes in LBCL patients who received chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy.
Methods
Patients with LBCL who received axi-cel under the ZUMA-1 trial or as FDA approved therapy at Mayo Clinic were examined. Serum samples were obtained at specified time points and cytokine analysis was performed. Single cell RNA sequencing was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The Student T-test, Kruskal Wallis, or Fisher's Exact Tests were used to compare differences in demographics across Mg levels. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier methodology and compared using the Wilcoxon test.
Results
We found that hypomagnesemia before lymphodepletion chemotherapy predicted for inferior progression-free and overall survival in the pivotal study ZUMA-1 (NCT02348216). These results were validated in an independent cohort of LBCL patients receiving axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) at Mayo Clinic. Hypomagnesemia correlated with increased inflammatory serum markers and cytokine levels including ferritin, IL-6, IL1Ra, IL-8, and MIP1a. scRNAseq analysis unveiled altered immune interactions between monocytes and T cells with a concordant immune suppressive transcriptome.
Conclusions
Hypomagnesemia at the time of CAR-T infusion associates with an unfavorable inflammatory profile and decreased response and survival in LBCL patients receiving axi-cel. These findings suggest a potentially actionable prognostic factor for patients with large cell lymphoma undergoing CAR-T.
Multi-method phenotyping of Long COVID patients using high-dimensional symptom data
Authors: Green* Tessa D. , McWilliams* Christopher , de Figueiredo* Leonardo , Soares Letícia , Pollack Beth , Cohen Allison K. , Zhi-Xuan Tan , Falor Tess , Davis Hannah E. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Long COVID, characterized by symptoms that remain or emerge in the months after infection with COVID-19, has complex and highly variable patient presentations, with myriad seemingly disconnected symptoms.
Methods
We apply three different machine learning techniques to identify groups of patients with similar symptoms in a large patient-reported symptom dataset with the aim of identifying robust Long COVID phenotypes.
Results
All three methods produced clinically plausible symptom clusters which are technically valid partitions of the high-dimensional symptom space. However, concordance across methods was low. Some features did recur, such as low-symptom count clusters having the highest average age and lowest proportion of women, and specific recurrent clusters or subclusters across pairs of methods.
Conclusions
The high sensitivity of observed patient clusters to algorithm choice has implications for other studies reporting Long COVID phenotype clustering, as it suggests that a single method may provide an incomplete or unstable partition of the cohort, particularly in studies with fewer symptoms observed. With the 162 reported symptoms considered here, patient presentations vary smoothly and segmentation, while internally consistent, was not reproducible across methods; this suggests that the complexity of LC symptom presentation may easily be missed by clustering approaches that use insufficient data or overly-simplistic clustering methods. Future work would likely benefit from semi-supervised approaches matching patients to pre-defined phenotypes or diagnoses, or from the inclusion of additional patient data. Overall, our multi-method analysis highlights the importance of assessing clustering robustness and considering the full scope of patient symptoms when evaluating treatments.

*Tessa D. Green, Chris McWilliams, and Leonardo de Figueiredo share first authorship.
Survival after cytoreductive radical prostatectomy versus radiotherapy for non-elderly(&lt; 65 years) bone-metastatic prostate cancer (bmPCa) patients: a propensity matched SEER analysis
Authors: Qin Qin , Zhang Qu , Yang Wencui , Liang Gai , Luo Yan , Yuan Mengting , Yao Guojun , Luo Bo , Wu Yemei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent malignancies in men, with bone metastases significantly impacting survival outcomes. Non-elderly patients (<65 years) with bone-metastatic prostate cancer (bmPCa) represent a unique subgroup with potentially more aggressive disease. This study aims to compare the survival outcomes of cytoreductive radical prostatectomy (cRP) versus radiotherapy (RT) in this patient population using a propensity-matched analysis.
Methods: Data were extracted from the SEER database (2004–2021), focusing on non-elderly bmPCa patients who underwent either cRP or RT. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to balance key covariates between the two treatment groups. The primary outcomes were overall mortality (OM) and cancer-specific mortality (CSM), analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan-Meier survival curves.
Results: A total of 3581 patients were included, with 2873 receiving RT and 708 undergoing cRP. After PSM, each group comprised 341 patients. Cox regression analysis revealed that cRP was associated with significantly lower OM (HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.56–0.84, P < 0.001) and CSM (HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.50–0.77, P < 0.001) compared to RT. Subgroup analysis indicated that cRP provided greater survival benefits in patients with lower Gleason scores, lower PSA levels, and N0 staging.
Conclusions: In non-elderly bmPCa patients, cRP offers superior survival outcomes compared to RT, particularly in patients with lower disease burden. These findings suggest that cRP should be considered as a primary treatment option in this cohort, although further prospective studies are warranted to confirm these results.
Keywords: bone-metastatic prostate cancer, cytoreductive radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, Survival
Diagnostic Performance of Systemic-Immune Inflammation Index for Overall and Complicated Acute Appendicitis: A Systematic Review and Diagnostic Test Accuracy Meta-Analysis
Authors: Montero Javier Arredondo , Delgado-Miguel Carlos , Pérez-Riveros Blanca Paola , Fernández-Atuan Rafael , Rico-Jiménez María 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to analyze the systemic-immune inflammation index (SII) 's diagnostic performance in diagnosing acute appendicitis (AA) and discriminating between complicated acute appendicitis (CAA) and non-complicated acute appendicitis (NCAA).
Methods
This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024587430). We included prospective or retrospective original clinical studies evaluating the diagnostic performance of SII in AA. A search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and OVID. Search terms and keywords were: (appendicitis OR appendectomy) AND (systemic-immune inflammation index OR SII). Two independent reviewers selected the articles and extracted relevant data. Methodological quality was assessed using the QUADAS2 index. A synthesis of the results, standardization of the metrics, four random-effect meta-analyses, and two Diagnostic Test Accuracy (DTA) meta-analyses were performed.
Results
Thirteen studies with data from 9083 participants, including 5255 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of AA and 3828 controls (CG), were included in this review. The random-effect meta-analysis of SII (AA vs. CG) included ten articles (3733 AA and 3510 controls) and resulted in a significant mean difference [95% CI] of 1072.46 [750.55,1394.37] (p < 0.001). The random-effect meta-analysis of SII (CAA vs. NCAA) included nine articles (1116 CAA and 2984 NCAA) and resulted in a significant mean difference [95% CI] of 1294.2 [731.54,1856.86] (p < 0.001). Subgroup meta-analysis for studies conducted in pediatric-only populations maintained statistical significance. The DTA meta-analysis (AA vs. CG) yielded a pooled sensitivity and specificity [95% CI] of 81.8 [75.2,86.9] % and 79.9 [68.2,88.1] %. The DTA meta-analysis (NCAA vs. CAA) resulted in a pooled sensitivity and specificity [95% CI] of 72.5 [49.6,87.6] % and 82.5 [65.1,92.2] %.
Conclusions
SII emerges as a robust tool for diagnosing AA and differentiating between NCAA and CAA. The retrospective nature of most of the included studies and their limited geographical distribution warrant further prospective multicenter studies to validate these findings.
Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42024587430).
Thromboembolic Risk and Testosterone Replacement Therapy: Debunking Myths and Clarifying Evidence with Recent Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
Authors: Borges Julian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective: To critically evaluate the relationship between testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) and thromboembolic events, addressing the concerns raised by older studies while focusing on recent robust evidence. This review analyzes the methodological limitations of earlier studies and presents new evidence that refutes these claims.
Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, analyzing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies. Both earlier studies that suggested increased risk and newer studies that refute these claims were included.
Findings: Recent meta-analyses demonstrate that TRT does not significantly increase the risk of thromboembolic events. The relative risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was not statistically significant (RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.89–1.31). The inconsistencies in previous studies are addressed, considering patient-specific risk factors, follow-up periods, and methodological quality.
Conclusion: TRT is safe when prescribed correctly and monitored closely. Earlier concerns about increased thromboembolic risk are largely unsupported by modern evidence.
Hospitalização por Casos de Dengue em Joinville/SC: Uma Análise dos dados do SINAN de 2014-2022
Authors: Maresana Ruan Feliphe , Eugênia Dias de Jesus Eduarda , Henrique Lopes da Silva Gabriel , Yuri Lira Jovino Thallyson , Jorge Cortes Morales Pedro 
Published: October 2024

O estudo teve o objetivo de analisar as associações entre as características individuais e hospitalização em casos de dengue no município de Joinville/SC no período de 2014 a 2022, utilizando dados do Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Trata-se de um estudo transversal e ecológico. Os dados para a pesquisa foram retirados do site do TABNET/DATASUS. Dentro do sistema do SINAN, foi selecionada a opção “Dengue de 2014 em diante”. As variáveis extraídas para esse trabalho foram: sexo, faixa etária, escolaridade, evolução (cura ou óbito), sorotipo (DENV-1 DENV-2) e hospitalização. Por fim, os anos selecionados foram de 2014 a 2022. Para esse estudo foi obtido um total de 46.589 sujeitos que apresentaram Dengue. Os dados foram tabulados no Microsoft Excel 2016, e analisados no Software BioEstat 5.0. Para a relevância dos dados, foi considerado um α<0,05. Não houve diferença estatistica entre o sexo masculino e feminino no número de internações por dengue (p=0,66). Da mesma forma para a idade e com o número de hospitalizações dengue 1 e 2 (p=0,43 e p=99). A escolaridade e o número de óbitos apresentaram significancia. Os dados apontam que quanto menor grau de formação, maior a probabilidade do indivíduo ser hospitalizado (p<0,0001); e pacientes que foram hospitalizados demonstram uma predisposição maior ao óbito (p<0,0001). Embora não tenham sido observados diferenças significativas entre sexo, idade e sorotipo em relação à hospitalização por dengue, a escolaridade apresenta uma associação significativa, e pacientes hospitalizados têm uma predisposição significativamente maior ao óbito.
A Risk Model Developed based on Homologous Recombination Deficiency Genes for Evaluating the Drug Sensitivity and Prognostic Prediction of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hong Lingling , Li Jiashun , Shao Weiwei 
Published: October 2024

Aim:
This study was designed to construct a risk model based on homologous
recombination deficiency (HRD) to evaluate the prognosis and drug sensitivity for patients
with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Background:
LUAD is a subtype of lung cancer with unfavorable overall survival (OS)
and prognosis. HRD has been widely studied in various tumors, but its role in LUAD
has not been fully understood.

Objective:
We aimed to construct an HRD-related risk model for predicting the prognosis
and drug sensitivity of patients with LUAD.

Methods:
Gene expression data of the LUAD samples were collected from the Cancer
Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We extracted
HRD genes from previous literature and performed univariate COX analysis to select
those closely associated with LUAD prognosis. ConsensusClusterPlus was employed to
stratify the samples in the TCGA-LUAD cohort into different subtypes. A RiskScore
model was established applying random forest method. Furthermore, immunotherapy response
and drug sensitivity were predicted using Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion
(TIDE) software and pRRophytic R package, respectively. Finally, the clinical features
between High- and Low- RiskScore groups were compared.

Results:
A total of 16 HRD genes relevant to LUAD prognosis were selected and used
to classify 3 LUAD clusters (C1, C2, and C3). Specifically, C1, with a lower TIDE
score displayed higher immune infiltration and immunotherapy benefit and the optimal
OS, while C2 was closely correlated with tumor-relevant pathways and had the worst
OS. Finally, 4 HRD genes (RAD51AP1, BRCA1, H2AFX, and FANCL) were determined
to develop a RiskScore signature. It was found that a higher RiskScore was related
to more advanced stages, worse OS, and tumor development pathways. Additionally,
the High-RiskScore group with a higher TIDE score was sensitive to 44 traditional chemotherapy
drugs. A nomogram combined with RiskScore exhibited an accurate survival
prediction ability.

Conclusion:
The HRD-based RiskScore played a crucial role in LUAD development,
showing a strong potential to serve as a prognostic indicator for LUAD. Our findings
contributed to the diagnosis of LUAD and its treatment.