bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Math task experiences and motivation to learn more: How prior knowledge and interest interact with Task‐Interest & Task‐Difficulty perceptions and feed a desire to reengage
Authors: Fryer Luke K. , Shum Alex 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHow do task experiences support proximal and longer‐term desires to reengage? Central to this question is the interplay between perceptions of task difficulty and the situational interest. This interplay is increasingly researched but not yet well understood. Micro‐analytic, latent studies are important tools for replicating past findings and extending our understanding in this area. This study aimed to extend our understanding of the interplay between readiness (prior knowledge and individual interest), a sequence of mathematics task experiences (situational interest and perceived difficulty) and reengagement beyond the set of tasks (i.e. optional follow‐up engagement). Participants (ages 20–49; n = 301) completed a series of maths tasks online, self‐reporting their task experiences after each task. Participants were offered an optional opportunity to follow‐up with the task content as a measure of their continued interest. Both readiness components assessed were important predictors of future situational interest (positive) and perceptions of task difficulty (negative). Persistent interconnections between the task experience components across time supported past evidence regarding the important role of situational interest and the challenges of perceived difficulty for sustained engagement. Modelling indicated that task success (β = 0.36), situational interest (β = 0.16) and perceptions of task difficulty (β = 0.21) can converge on choices to reengage with an object going forward.
Risk of Parkinson's disease and depression severity in different populations: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Qin Yidan , Li Jia , Quan Wei , Song Jia , Xu Jing , Chen Jiajun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundDepression is widely recognized as a common non‐motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). Across different studies, the reported prevalence of depression in PD varies widely, ranging from 2.7% to 90%, but it is unclear whether this association is due to genetic or acquired factors. Whether there is a causal relationship remains unknown. The aim of this study was to use a two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to investigate the causal effect of PD on depression.MethodsAnalyses were conducted separately for individuals of European and East Asian ancestry using publicly available summary data from genome‐wide association studies. Depression was divided into two categories: ever depressed for a whole week and major depressive disorder (MDD). PD data were used as the exposure and were obtained from the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium and the BioBank Japan PheWeb, while depression data were used as the outcome and were obtained from the ntegrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) Open GWAS Project(A public GWAS database） and the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. The influence of PD on depression was assessed using inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR‐Egger, and weighted mode methods. Heterogeneity and pleiotropy were tested, and the results were validated using FinnGen GWAS data from version R9.ResultsIn individuals of European ancestry, there was a causal relationship between PD and ever depressed for a whole week (IVW method, odds ratio [OR] = 0.990; 95% CI, 0.984–0.996; p = .002), but no causal relationship was observed between PD and MDD (IVW method, OR = 0.974; 95% CI, 0.942–1.009; p = .141). In individuals of East Asian ancestry, no causal relationship was observed between PD and ever depressed for a whole week (IVW method, OR = 1.001; 95% CI, 0.829–1.209; p = .990) and between PD and MDD (IVW method, OR = 1.017; 95% CI, 0.982–1.052; p = .342). The results of the three additional analysis methods were similar to those of the IVW method, and there was no heterogeneity according to Cochran's Q‐test. There was no evidence of pleiotropy based on MR‐Egger intercept test and MR‐PRESSO. The FinnGen validation dataset supported these findings. The results are stable and reliable.ConclusionThe observed increase in depression among PD patients could potentially be attributed to modifiable acquired factors. Consequently, there is an urgent need to strengthen the management of PD patients in order to prevent the development of depression in the future.
Supply chain transformative capabilities and their microfoundations for circular economy transition: A qualitative study in Made in Italy sectors
Authors: Nacchiero Raffaele , Massari Giovanni Francesco , Giannoccaro Ilaria 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn today's rapidly evolving landscape, supply chains must develop specific dynamic capabilities for initiating and successfully governing their transformations toward new configurations to withstand pressures arising from competitions and global changes. Differently from dynamic capabilities that enable adaptation, supply chain transformative capabilities include four core dimensions: triggering, envisioning, navigating, and stabilizing capabilities. By using a multiple‐case study approach involving six Italian companies related to fashion and furniture sectors, we investigate these concepts and identify the microfoundations of supply chain transformative capabilities for circularity. They are classified with reference to individuals, processes, and structures. Our findings illustrate how supply chains can facilitate and effectively govern their circular transformation by developing the transformative capabilities and their microfoundations. This paper provides valuable theoretical insights and managerial perspectives, advancing the concept of transformative supply chain management.
Effect of nucleos(t)ide analogue discontinuation on the prognosis of HBeAg‐negative hepatitis B virus‐related hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Sun Ting , Qiu Yiwen , Wang Tao , Yang Yi , Qiu Haizhou , Shen Shu , Pang Huasheng , Wang Wentao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) are thought to reduce the risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the effect of NA discontinuation on the prognosis of HBV‐related HCC after hepatectomy is rarely reported. We aimed to investigate the potential for hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg)‐negative HBV‐related HCC patients to discontinue NAs based on preoperative hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) status.MethodsThis historical cohort study involved 1232 NA‐treated HBeAg‐negative patients who underwent curative hepatectomy for HBV‐related HCC from 2014 to 2019. The recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients discontinuing NAs before surgery were compared with those continuing NAs. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance baseline characteristics.ResultsOf all enrolled patients, 839 (68.1%) patients continued NAs, and 393 (31.9%) patients discontinued NAs. Continuation of NAs was identified as an independent risk factor for RFS (HR 2.047, 95% CI 1.348–3.109, p < 0.001 before PSM and HR 2.756, 95% CI 1.537–4.942, p < 0.001 after PSM) in HBsAg‐negative patients. Similarly, subgroup survival analyses showed that NA discontinuation was associated with better RFS (p = 0.029 before PSM and p < 0.001 after PSM) and comparable OS (p = 0.935 before PSM and p = 0.115 after PSM) than NA continuation in HBsAg‐negative patients. The interaction between HBsAg status and continuation or discontinuation of NAs was significant (p for interaction <0.001).ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate the potential for HBeAg‐negative HBV‐related HCC patients who have achieved HBsAg seroclearance to discontinue NAs under strict monitoring.
Investigation of Neighboring Group Participation in 3,4‐Diacetylated Glycosyl Donors in the Gas Phase
Authors: ter Braak Floor , Houthuijs Kas J. , Elferink Hidde , Kromm Alexandra , van Wieringen Teun , Berden Giel , Martens Jonathan , Oomens Jos , Boltje Thomas J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA key challenge in oligosaccharide synthesis is the stereoselective installation of glycosidic bonds. Each glycosidic linkage has one of two possible stereo‐chemical geometries, α/β or 1,2‐cis/trans. An established approach to install 1,2‐trans glycosidic bonds is neighboring group participation (NGP), mediated by a 2‐O‐acyl group. Extension of this intramolecular stabilization to nucleophilic groups located at more remote positions has also been suggested, but remains poorly understood. Previously, we employed infrared ion spectroscopy to characterize the molecular ions of monoacetylated sugar donors and showed how the strength of the stabilizing effect depends on the position of the participating ester group on the glycosyl donor ring as well as on its relative stereochemistry. In this work, we investigated glycosyl donors carrying two acyl groups. Using isotope labelling and isomer population analysis we were able to resolving spectra of isomeric mixtures and establish the relative contribution of individual species. We conclude that 3,4‐diacetyl mannosyl donors exclusively form a dioxanium ion as a result of C‐3 acyl stabilization. In contrast, the glucosyl and galactosyl cations form mixtures of C‐3 and C‐4 acyl participation products. Hence, the combination of isotope labeling and population analysis allows for the study of increasingly complex glycosyl cations.
Corporate social responsibility and circular economy integration framework within sustainable supply chain management: Building blocks for industry 5.0
Authors: Santiago Bruna da Silva , Scavarda Luiz Felipe , Gusmão Caiado Rodrigo Goyannes , Santos Renan Silva , Mattos Nascimento Daniel Luiz de 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe emergence of Industry 5.0 (I5.0) underscores the importance of integrating sustainability and human‐centricity into organizations. This requires combining corporate social responsibility (CSR) and circular economy (CE) within sustainable supply chain management (SSCM). However, the interplay between CSR, CE, and SSCM remains underexplored, especially in the context of I5.0. Therefore, this article proposes a framework for integrating CSR and CE principles within SSCM, serving as a transition to I5.0. The framework is derived from a comprehensive scoping review and experts' input, with a backdrop of the business legitimacy theory. It comprises several key constructs, including the supply chain structure and promoters, organized around four pillars representing the components of CE and embracing the triple bottom line dimensions. With 12 guidelines, the framework stands as a practical tool for organizations aiming to seamlessly integrate CSR and CE within SSCM, facilitating the transition to I5.0 and promoting a sustainable, socially responsible ethos.
Human phase‐I metabolism of three synthetic cannabinoids bearing a cumyl moiety and a cyclobutyl methyl or norbornyl methyl tail: Cumyl‐CBMEGACLONE, Cumyl‐NBMEGACLONE, and Cumyl‐NBMINACA
Authors: Giorgetti Arianna , Brunetti Pietro , Haschimi Belal , Pulver Benedikt , Pascali Jennifer Paola , Riedel Jan , Auwärter Volker 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSynthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) continue to show high prevalence on the new psychoactive substances drug market. Around 2019–2020, new SCRAs bearing a cumyl moiety emerged: Cumyl‐CBMEGACLONE and Cumyl‐NBMEGACLONE, carrying a cyclobutyl methyl (CBM) and a norbornyl methyl moiety (NBM) attached to the γ‐carbolinone core. These were followed by Cumyl‐NBMINACA, the indazole carboxamide analog of Cumyl‐NBMEGACLONE. The study aimed at evaluating the human phase‐I metabolism of these compounds and at identifying suitable urinary markers to prove their consumption. After enzymatic hydrolysis, 14 authentic urine samples (eight for Cumyl‐CBMEGACLONE, four for Cumyl‐NBMEGACLONE, and two for Cumyl‐NBMINACA) were analyzed by liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Results were compared with in vitro metabolites generated by pooled human liver microsomes incubation. Fifteen human phase‐I metabolites were identified for Cumyl‐CBMEGACLONE, nine for Cumyl‐NBMEGACLONE, and thirteen for Cumyl‐NBMINACA. The main in vivo metabolites were built by monohydroxylation, dihydroxylation, or trihydroxylation. The following urinary biomarkers are suggested for detecting the consumption of the investigated SCRAs: products of monohydroxylation at the CBM and at the core for Cumyl‐CBMEGACLONE; two products of monohydroxylation at the norbonyl methyl tail for Cumyl‐NBMEGACLONE; and metabolites built by dihydroxylation at the NBM substructure and by an additional hydroxylation at the cumyl moiety for Cumyl‐NBMINACA.
Widespread introduced species dominate the urban tree assemblage on the endemic‐rich tropical island of São Tomé
Authors: Strauß Lena , de Lima Ricardo F. , Baker Timothy R. , Benitez Bosco Laura , Dauby Gilles , Lachenaud Olivier , Lima Angela , Madre Deus Dilson , Madureira Maria do Céu , Soares Estevão , Sousa Pascoal , Stévart Tariq , Dallimer Martin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Afrotropics are experiencing some of the fastest urbanisation rates on the planet but the impact of city growth on their rich and unique biodiversity remains understudied, especially compared to natural baselines. Little is also known about how introduced species influence β‐diversity in these contexts, and how patterns coincide with native ranges of species. Here we investigated how tree assemblages of the endemic‐rich Afrotropical island of São Tomé differed between urban, rural and natural zones. These were primarily characterised by urban greenspaces, shade plantations, and old‐growth forests, respectively. Based on 81 transects, we assessed biodiversity metrics of endemic, native and introduced species. Tree abundance and species richness were highest in the natural zone, where the composition was most different from the urban zone. The tree community of the rural zone was the most uneven and had the least variation among transects, representing the lowest β‐diversity. The urban zone was dominated by introduced species (57.7%), while the natural zone hosted almost exclusively native species (93.3%), including many endemics (26.1%). The biogeographic realms that species originated from were particularly diverse in the urban zone, with few species from the Afrotropics. In contrast to native and endemic trees, introduced trees were clearly associated with urban and rural expansion, as they were much more abundant and species‐rich in these zones than in the natural zone, facilitating biotic homogenisation. These findings highlight how urban and rural environments are affecting the native tree flora of São Tomé, and the need for conservation measures geared towards globally threatened and endemic tree species. Importantly, these require the protection of natural forests, despite the rising land demands for settlements and agriculture. Ultimately, such action to conserve endemic trees will contribute to global efforts to prevent further biodiversity declines.
Ecological drivers of carrion beetle (Staphylinidae: Silphinae) diversity on small to large mammals
Authors: Büchner Gwen , Hothorn Torsten , Feldhaar Heike , von Hoermann Christian , Lackner Tomáš , Rietz Janine , Schlüter Jens , Mitesser Oliver , Benbow M. Eric , Heurich Marco , Müller Jörg 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSilphinae (Staphylinidae; carrion beetles) are important contributors to the efficient decomposition and recycling of carrion necromass. Their community composition is important for the provision of this ecosystem function and can be affected by abiotic and biotic factors. However, investigations are lacking on the effects of carrion characteristics on Silphinae diversity. Carrion body mass may affect Silphinae diversity following the more individuals hypothesis (MIH). The MIH predicts a higher number of species at larger carrion because higher numbers of individuals can be supported on the resource patch. Additionally, biotic factors like carrion species identity or decomposition stage, and the abiotic factors elevation, season and temperature could affect Silphinae diversity. To test the hypotheses, we collected Silphinae throughout the decomposition of 100 carcasses representing 10 mammal species ranging from 0.04 to 124 kg. Experimental carcasses were exposed in a mountain forest landscape in Germany during spring and summer of 2021. We analysed Silphinae diversity using recently developed transformation models that considered the difficult data distribution we obtained. We found no consistent effect of carrion body mass on Silphinae species richness and, therefore, rejected the MIH. Carrion decomposition stage, in contrast, strongly influenced Silphinae diversity. Abundance and species richness increased with the decomposition process. Silphinae abundance increased with temperature and decreased with elevation. Furthermore, Silphinae abundance was lower in summer compared to spring, likely due to increased co‐occurrence and competition with dipteran larvae in summer. Neither carrion species identity nor any abiotic factor affected Silphinae species richness following a pattern consistent throughout the seasons. Our approach combining a broad study design with an improved method for data analysis, transformation models, revealed new insights into mechanisms driving carrion beetle diversity during carrion decomposition. Overall, our study illustrates the complexity and multifactorial nature of biotic and abiotic factors affecting diversity.
Advances and challenges in ecological connectivity science
Authors: Liczner Amanda R. , Pither Richard , Bennett Joseph R. , Bowman Jeff , Hall Kimberly R. , Fletcher Robert J. , Ford Adam T. , Michalak Julia L. , Rayfield Bronwyn , Wittische Julian , Pither Jason 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMaintaining and restoring ecological connectivity will be key in helping to prevent and reverse the loss of biodiversity. Fortunately, a growing body of research conducted over the last few decades has advanced our understanding of connectivity science, which will help inform evidence‐based connectivity conservation actions. Increases in data availability and computing capacity have helped to dramatically increase our ability to model functional connectivity using more sophisticated models. Keeping track of these advances can be difficult, even for connectivity scientists and practitioners. In this article, we highlight some key advances from the past decade and outline many of the remaining challenges. We describe the efforts to increase the biological realism of connectivity models by, for example, isolating movement behaviors, population parameters, directional movements, and the effects of climate change. We also discuss considerations of when to model connectivity for focal or multiple species. Finally, we reflect on how to account for uncertainty and increase the transparency and reproducibility of connectivity research and discuss situations where decisions may require forgoing sophistication for more simple approaches.
Natural products‐based antiangiogenic agents: New frontiers in cancer therapy
Authors: Azevedo Tiago , Ferreira Tiago , Peña‐Corona Sheila I. , Cortes Hernán , Silva‐Reis Rita , da Costa Rui M. Gil , Faustino‐Rocha Ana I. , Oliveira Paula A. , Calina Daniela , Cardoso Susana M. , Büsselberg Dietrich , Leyva‐Gómez Gerardo , Sharifi‐Rad Javad , Cho William C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAngiogenesis, vital for tumor growth and metastasis, is a promising target in cancer therapy. Natural compounds offer potential as antiangiogenic agents with reduced toxicity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of natural product‐based antiangiogenic therapies, focusing on molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. A systematic search identified relevant articles from 2019 to 2023. Various natural compounds, including polyphenols, terpenes, alkaloids, cannabinoids, omega‐3 fatty acids, polysaccharides, proteins, and carotenoids, were investigated for their antiangiogenic properties. Challenges such as dose standardization, routes of administration, and potential side effects remain. Further studies, including in‐depth animal models and human epidemiological studies, must elucidate clinical efficacy and safety. Synergistic effects with current antiangiogenic therapies, such as bevacizumab and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, should be explored. Additionally, the potential hormone‐dependent effects of compounds like genistein highlight the need for safety evaluation. In conclusion, natural products hold promise as adjunctive therapies to conventional antineoplastic drugs in modulating angiogenesis in cancer. However, robust clinical trials are needed to validate preclinical findings and ensure safety and efficacy.
Hepatocellular carcinoma and AIM2: Therapeutic potential through regulation of autophagy and macrophage polarization
Authors: Xie Shuangshuang , Wang Cuiyun , Liu Xiaoyan , Li Cheng , Yu Jinhong , Ma Shumin , Li Qiang , Du Wenjun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a significant challenge to global health. Its pathophysiology involves interconnected processes, including cell proliferation, autophagy, and macrophage polarization. However, the role of Absent in Melanoma 2 (AIM2) in HCC remains elusive.MethodsThe expression of AIM2 in Huh‐7 and Hep3B cell lines was manipulated and cell proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, and migration/invasion, together with the polarization of M2 macrophages, were evaluated. The markers of autophagy pathway, LC3B, Beclin‐1, and P62, underwent examination through Western blot analysis. An autophagy inhibitor, 3‐MA, was used to measured the role of autophagy in HCC. Finally, the effect of AIM2 overexpression on HCC was further evaluated using a subcutaneous tumor model in nude mice.ResultsOur results established that AIM2 overexpression inhibits HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while promoting apoptosis and autophagy. Conversely, knockdown of AIM2 engendered opposite effects. AIM2 overexpression was correlated with reduced M2 macrophage polarization. The autophagy inhibitor substantiated AIM2's role in autophagy and identified its downstream impact on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and macrophage polarization. In the in vivo model, overexpression of AIM2 led to the inhibition of HCC tumor growth.ConclusionThe findings underscore AIM2's crucial function in modulating major biological processes in HCC, pointing to its potential as a therapeutic target. This study inaugurally demonstrated that AIM2 activates autophagy and influences macrophage polarization, playing a role in liver cancer progression.