bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antitumor Activity of RXDX-105 in Multiple Cancer Types with RET Rearrangements or Mutations
Authors: Li Gang G. , Somwar Romel , Joseph James , Smith Roger S. , Hayashi Takuo , Martin Leenus , Franovic Aleksandra , Schairer Anni , Martin Eric , Riely Gregory J. , Harris Jason , Yan Shunqi , Wei Ge , Oliver Jennifer W. , Patel Rupal , Multani Pratik , Ladanyi Marc , Drilon Alexander 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Purpose: While multikinase inhibitors with RET activity are active in RET-rearranged thyroid and lung cancers, objective response rates are relatively low and toxicity can be substantial. The development of novel RET inhibitors with improved potency and/or reduced toxicity is thus an unmet need. RXDX-105 is a small molecule kinase inhibitor that potently inhibits RET. The purpose of the preclinical and clinical studies was to evaluate the potential of RXDX-105 as an effective therapy for cancers driven by RET alterations.
Experimental design: The RET-inhibitory activity of RXDX-105 was assessed by biochemical and cellular assays, followed by in vivo tumor growth inhibition studies in cell line– and patient-derived xenograft models. Antitumor activity in patients was assessed by imaging and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST).
Results: Biochemically, RXDX-105 inhibited wild-type RET, CCDC6-RET, NCOA4-RET, PRKAR1A-RET, and RET M918T with low to subnanomolar activity while sparing VEGFR2/KDR and VEGFR1/FLT. RXDX-105 treatment resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation of CCDC6-RET–rearranged and RET C634W-mutant cell lines and inhibition of downstream signaling pathways. Significant tumor growth inhibition in CCDC6-RET, NCOA4-RET, and KIF5B-RET–containing xenografts was observed, with the concomitant inhibition of p-ERK, p-AKT, and p-PLCγ. Additionally, a patient with advanced RET-rearranged lung cancer had a rapid and sustained response to RXDX-105 in both intracranial and extracranial disease.
Conclusions: These data support the inclusion of patients bearing RET alterations in ongoing and future molecularly enriched clinical trials to explore RXDX-105 efficacy across a variety of tumor types. Clin Cancer Res; 23(12); 2981–90. ©2016 AACR.
CX3CR1-dependent endothelial margination modulates Ly6Chigh monocyte systemic deployment upon inflammation in mice
Authors: Hamon Pauline , Loyher Pierre-Louis , Baudesson de Chanville Camille , Licata Fabrice , Combadière Christophe , Boissonnas Alexandre 
Published: December 2016

Key PointsBlood monocytes are distributed between a marginated and a circulating pool. CX3CR1 regulates inflammatory monocyte residence into the blood vasculature during inflammation.
The Global Asthma Network rationale and methods for Phase I global surveillance: prevalence, severity, management and risk factors
Authors: Ellwood Philippa , Asher M. Innes , Billo Nils E. , Bissell Karen , Chiang Chen-Yuan , Ellwood Eamon M. , El-Sony Asma , García-Marcos Luis , Mallol Javier , Marks Guy B. , Pearce Neil E. , Strachan David P. 
Published: December 2016

The Global Asthma Network (GAN), established in 2012, followed the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). ISAAC Phase One involved over 700 000 adolescents and children from 156 centres in 56 countries; it found marked worldwide variation in symptom prevalence of asthma, rhinitis and eczema that was not explained by the current understanding of these diseases; ISAAC Phase Three involved over 1 187 496 adolescents and children (237 centres in 98 countries). It found that asthma symptom prevalence was increasing in many locations especially in low- and middle-income countries where severity was also high, and identified several environmental factors that required further investigation.GAN Phase I, described in this article, builds on the ISAAC findings by collecting further information on asthma, rhinitis and eczema prevalence, severity, diagnoses, asthma emergency room visits, hospital admissions, management and use of asthma essential medicines. The subjects will be the same age groups as ISAAC, and their parents. In this first global monitoring of asthma in children and adults since 2003, further evidence will be obtained to understand asthma, management practices and risk factors, leading to further recognition that asthma is an important non-communicable disease and to reduce its global burden.
Big Data and the Paradox of Diversity
Authors: Rieder Bernhard 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This paper develops a critique of Big Data and associated analytical techniques by focusing not on errors - skewed or imperfect datasets, false positives, underrepresentation, and so forth - but on data mining that works. After a quick framing of these practices as interested readings of reality, I address the question of how data analytics and, in particular, machine learning reveal and operate on the structured and unequal character of contemporary societies, installing “economic morality” (Allen 2012) as the central guiding principle. Rather than critiquing the methods behind Big Data, I inquire into the way these methods make the many differences in decentred, non-traditional societies knowable and, as a consequence, ready for profitable distinction and decision-making. The objective, in short, is to add to our understanding of the “profound ideological role at the intersection of sociality, research, and commerce” (van Dijck 2014: 201) the collection and analysis of large quantities of multifarious data have come to play. Such an understanding needs to embed Big Data in a larger, more fundamental critique of the societal context it operates in.
From Data Analytics to Data Hermeneutics. Online Political Discussions, Digital Methods and the Continuing Relevance of Interpretive Approaches
Authors: Gerbaudo Paolo 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
To advance the study of digital politics it is urgent to complement data analytics with data hermeneutics to be understood as a methodological approach that focuses on the interpretation of the deep structures of meaning in social media conversations as they develop around various political phenomena, from digital protest movements to online election campaigns. The diffusion of Big Data techniques in recent scholarship on political behavior has led to a quantitative bias in the understanding of online political phenomena and a disregard for issues of content and meaning. To solve this problem it is necessary to adapt the hermeneutic approach to the conditions of social media communication, and shift its object of analysis from texts to datasets. On the one hand, this involves identifying procedures to select samples of social media posts out of datasets, so that they can be analysed in more depth. I describe three sampling strategies - top sampling, random sampling and zoom-in sampling - to attain this goal. On the other hand, “close reading” procedures used in hermeneutic analysis need to be adapted to the different quality of digital objects vis-à-vis traditional texts. This can be achieved by analysing posts not only as data-points in a dataset, but also as interventions in a collective conversation, and as utterances of broader “discourses”. The task of interpretation of social media data also requires an understanding of the political and social contexts in which digital political phenomena unfold, as well as taking into account the subjective viewpoints and motivations of those involved, which can be gained through in-depth interviews, and other qualitative social science methods. Data hermeneutics thus holds promise for a closing of the gap between quantitative and qualitative approaches in the study of digital politics, allowing for a deeper and more holistic understanding of online political phenomena.
Group Privacy in Times of Big Data. A Literature Review
Authors: Helm Paula 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
New technologies pose new challenges on the protection of privacy and they stimulate new debates on the scope of privacy. Such debates usually concern the individuals’ right to control the flow of his or her personal information. The article however discusses new challenges posed by new technologies in terms of their impact on groups and their privacy. Two main challenges are being identified in this regard, both having to do with the formation of groups through the involvement of algorithms and the lack of civil awareness regarding the consequences of this involvement. On the one hand, there is the phenomenon of groups being created on the basis of big data without the members of such groups being aware of having been assigned and being treated as part of a certain group. Here, the challenge concerns the limits of personal law, manifesting with the disability of individuals to address possible violations of their right to privacy since they are not aware of them. On the other hand, commercially driven Websites influence the way in which groups form, grow and communicate when doing this online and they do this in such subtle way, that members oftentimes do not take into account this influence. This is why one could speak of a kind of domination here, which calls for legal regulation. The article presents different approaches addressing and dealing with those two challenges, discussing their strengths and weaknesses. Finally, a conclusion gathers the insights reached by the different approaches discussed and reflects on future challenges for further research on group privacy in times of big data.
History teaching based on the fundamental sources of Turkish culture<p>Türk kültürünün temel kaynaklarına dayalı tarih öğretimi
Authors: Hali Servet , Bolat Yavuz 
Published: December 2016

The main points in reading education read it to understand. Learning happen in case of no meaningful reading is not possible. History lesson of reading skills must be improved in order to achieve success. The purpose of this study Turkish culture is the history lessons to improve reading comprehension skills by utilizing the basic resources. History of reading skills form the basis of the course is to provide education and training in the use effectively. In doing so our main source read in the past is to try to learn in light of our own resources. Pretest-posttest control group quasi-experimental research model is used in this study because of the purpose of evaluating the effect of teaching method based on the primary sources of Turkish culture on student success. In this study, the teaching based on the primary sources of Turkish culture is used as the independent variable, student success is used as dependent variable. Pretest and post test results applying the experimental and control groups were obtained. The experimental group subjects Kutadgu Bilig according to the results of teaching with the reading of selected sections has been found to be a significant difference in the final test. ÖzetEğitim-öğretimde en temel husus okuma, okuduğunu anlamadır. Anlamlı bir okuma yapılmadığı takdirde öğrenmenin gerçekleşmesi mümkün değildir. Tarih derslerinde başarı elde edebilmek için okuma becerisinin geliştirilmiş olması gerekir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; tarih derslerinde Türk kültürünün temel kaynaklarından yararlanarak okuma-anlama becerilerini geliştirmektir. Eğitim-öğretimin temelini oluşturan okuma becerisinin tarih derslerinde etkili bir şekilde kullanılmasını sağlamaktır. Bunu gerçekleştirirken de temel kaynaklarımızın okunmasını, geçmişi kendi kaynaklarımızın ışığında öğrenmeye çalışmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, Türk Kültürünün temel kaynaklarına dayalı öğretim yönteminin öğrenci başarısına etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlandığı için ön test-son test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel araştırma modeli kulla­nılmıştır. Araştırmada, Türk kültürünün temel kaynaklarına dayalı öğretim bağımsız değişken, öğrenci başarısı bağımlı değişken olarak kullanılmıştır. Deney ve kontrol gruplarına ön test ve son test uygulanarak bazı bulgular elde edilmiştir. Deney grubuna Kutadgu Bilig’den ders konusuna uygun olarak seçilen bölümlerin okunması ile gerçekleştirilen öğretim sonucu son testte anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Numerical simulation of the free convection in a
viscous compressible fluid
Authors: Perepechko Yury , Sorokin Konstantin , Imomnazarov Kholmatzhon 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The numerical implementation of the classical
model of thermal convection in a viscous compressible
fluid in a finite domain is considered. Difference approximation
carried out by the control volume method. The
comparison of the results of test calculations with the reference
results of the convection simulation of incompressible
fluid in the rectangular domain is made.
Typological bottlenecks: How large-scale regional language typologies help us interpret global prehistory
Authors: Blench Roger 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIt is unlikely that local or highly specific typological characteristics of language correlate with other aspects of human culture and history. However, at regional scale, the broad typology of languages does reflect bottlenecks. The paper argues that these regions of high typological similarity are due neither to chance nor long-term convergence, but reflect the initial conditions of settlement. This suggests that regions can be characterised by negative typology, i.e., the absence of globally common traits. Conversely, typological uniformity occurs in mainland Southeast Asia, a region notable for the similarities between language structures. An expansion of the remit of typology can uncover large regional patterns which can be tied to the archaeological narrative of the early expansion of modern humans.
On the Charney Conjecture of Data Assimilation Employing Temperature Measurements Alone: The Paradigm of 3D Planetary Geostrophic Model
Authors: Farhat Aseel , Lunasin Evelyn , Titi Edriss S. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAnalyzing the validity and success of a data assimilation algorithmwhen some state variable observations are not available is an important problem in meteorology and engineering. We present an improved data assimilation algorithm for recovering the exact full reference solution (i.e. the velocity and temperature) of the 3D Planetary Geostrophic model, at an exponential rate in time, by employing coarse spatial mesh observations of the temperature alone. This provides, in the case of this paradigm, a rigorous justification to an earlier conjecture of Charney which states that temperature history of the atmosphere, for certain simple atmospheric models, determines all other state variables.
Oxidized porous silicon as a non-interfering
support for luminescent dyes
Authors: Santamaría-Juárez G. , Gómez-Barojas E. , Quiroga-González E. , Sánchez-Mora E. , Luna-López J. A. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The objective of this work is to elucidate the possibility
to passivate the surface states of porous Si (PSi) by
thermal oxidation to be used as a passive host matrix. It
is known that a large contribution to the Photoluminescence
(PL) of PSi comes from defects at the surface. This PL
could overlap the PL of guest materials making it difficult
to identify the details of the PL spectrum of the guest. We
report on an experimental study about the effect of thermal
oxidation at low temperature on the PL of PSi and on
the functionalization of oxidized PSi with fluorescein. The
background PL is minimized allowing a better detection of
fluorescein molecules adsorbed on oxidized PSi.
Ship propeller side effects: pressure pulses and
radiated noise
Authors: Gaggero Stefano , Gaggero Tomaso , Rizzuto Enrico , Tani Giorgio , Villa Diego , Viviani Michele 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The present paper deals with the side effects
of propellers cavitation, i.e. pressure pulses and radiated
noise. These effects are gaining more and more importance
for commercial ships for different reasons. Pressure
pulses significantly affect comfort onboard, thus their reduction
is of utmost importance for all ships carrying passengers.
As regards the underwater radiated noise, in the
last decade interest has shifted from navy applications to
commercial ships, due to the concern for the rising background
noise in the oceans. The propellers, generating
noise directly in water, represent one of the main contributions
to the overall underwater noise emitted from
ships. Due to the complexity of the mechanisms of propeller
noise generation, different complementary strategies
have to be followed to properly analyze the problem,
ranging from induced pressure pulses to broadband noise
and cavitation. In the present work, part of the activities
carried out in the framework of the collaborative EU FP7
project AQUO (Achieve QUieter Oceans by shipping noise
footprint reduction, www.aquo.eu) are reported.
The paper presents the investigations carried out on a specific
test case represented by a single screw research vessel,
which is analyzed with three different strategies: numerical
calculations, model scale investigations and fullscale
measurements.
Erratum to: “Professional Amateurs”. Metal Detecting and Metal Detectorists in Denmark
Authors: Dobat Andres S. , Jensen Astrid T. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe credit for having made figure 4 should have gone to Claus Feveile instead of Mogens Bo Henriksen. The
correct caption to figure 4 is as follows:
Figure 4: Distribution of findspots for treasure trove finds discovered with metal detectors in Denmark up to and including
2006. Data: Kulturstyrelsen; drawing by Claus Feveile, Slots- og Kulturstyrelsen.
Coupled atmosphere–ocean model SLAV–INMIO: implementation and first results
Authors: Fadeev Rostislav Yu. , Ushakov Konstantin V. , Kalmykov Vladimir V. , Tolstykh Mikhail A. , Ibrayev Rashit A. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Coupled atmosphere–ocean models are widely used for climate change modelling. However, there is now more and more evidence on necessity to use such models in numerical weather prediction at different time scales. A coupled model is developed at the Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Shirshov Institute of Oceanology (Russian Academy of Sciences), and Hydrometeorological Research Centre of Russia. Particularities of program implementation for this model are discussed. The atmosphere model SLAV and the World Ocean model INMIO are coupled using the original program for models coupling. The results of numerical experiments with the coupled model demonstrate an agreement with observation data and show a possibility to use this model for probabilistic weather forecasts at time scales from weeks to year.
Quantum-Phase-Field Concept of Matter: Emergent Gravity in the Dynamic Universe
Authors: Steinbach Ingo 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
A monistic framework is set up where energy is the only fundamental substance. Different states of energy are ordered by a set of scalar fields. The dual elements of matter, mass and space, are described as volume- and gradient-energy contributions of the set of fields, respectively. Time and space are formulated as background-independent dynamic variables. The evolution equations of the body of the universe are derived from the first principles of thermodynamics. Gravitational interaction emerges from quantum fluctuations in finite space. Application to a large number of fields predicts scale separation in space and repulsive action of masses distant beyond a marginal distance. The predicted marginal distance is compared to the size of the voids in the observable universe.
Benjamin Dahlke und Matthias Laarmann: Latein als Wissenschaftssprache in der deutschen katholischen Dogmatik des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Dahlke Benjamin , Laarmann Matthias 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Until the eighteenth century, Latin was the uncontested language of academic discourse, including theology. Regardless of their denominational affiliation, scholars all across Europe made use of Latin in both their publications and lectures. Then, due to the influence of various strands of post-Kantian philosophy, a change took place, at least in the German-speaking area. With recourse to classical German philosophy, many Catholic systematic theologians switched to their mother-tounge and adopted the newly coined terms in order to express the same faith. In reaction to this transformative work the neo-scholastic movement came into existence. Its adherents stressed the Church’s tradition and, especially its indebtedness to medieval thought. From the mid-nineteenth century onwards, partly supported by the Magisterium, various attempts were made to re-introduce Latin into dogmatics. This project was unsuccessful, however, because of changes to the Catholic world ushered in by the Second Vatican Council and also because of developments in German educational policy, which served to lower the status of Latin in schools.
Friedrich Wilhelm Graf: Zur Publikationsgeschichte von Paul Tillichs „Systematic Theology“. Teil 1
Authors: Graf Friedrich Wilhelm 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In June 1947 Paul Tillich signed a contract with The University of Chicago Press for a “Systematic Theology” in two volumes. Having published the first volume in April 1951, he asked the publisher to split the second volume into two parts, which were published in 1957 as volume II and 1963 as volume III. In this article the different editions of “Systematic Theology” are described, and the economic aspects of writing and publishing this very influential academic book are explained. Many unknown sources are presented. Some of them show Tillich as an author in real despair.
Novel Anthrathiophene-Based Small Molecules as Donor Material for Organic Photovoltaics: Synthesis and Light-Induced EPR Study
Authors: Shatrova Alexandra A. , Baranov Denis S. , Uvarov Mikhail N. , Kazantsev Maxim S. , Glebov Evgeni M. , Fadeev Dmitry S. , Kulik Leonid V. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
A novel anthrathiophene-based compound, 1,4-bis((5-(6,11-dioxoanthra[2,1-b]thiophene-2-yl)thien-2-yl)ethynyl)-2,5-bis(octyloxy)benzene, was synthesized and characterized. The optical absorption spectrum of the synthesized compound in film is strongly red-shifted as compared to the solution spectrum. The energies of frontier orbitals measured by cyclic voltammetry show that this compound can act as electron donor in a composite with the widely used fullerene derivative PCBM. This is confirmed by light-induced electron transfer from it to PCBM evidenced from light-induced EPR spectroscopy. The spectroscopic data suggest that anthrathiophene is a promising platform for synthesis of small-molecular electron donors for organic solar cells.
An EPR Study of Small Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Cini Alberto , Ceci Pierpaolo , Falvo Elisabetta , Gatteschi Dante , Fittipaldi Maria 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) of spinel type iron oxide (of approximately 4 nm) mineralized inside the internal cavity of a mini ferritin-type protein have been investigated by means of electron magnetic resonance (EMR) spectroscopy. EMR measurements have been recorded at different temperatures in perpendicular and parallel configurations. The spectra have been interpreted using an approach based on the giant spin model. We confirm the quantum behavior of the MNPs, moreover, the thermal evolution of the spin system in terms of population of excited spin states is showed.