bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Divergent roles of β‐ and γ‐actin isoforms during spread of vaccinia virus
Authors: Marzook N. Bishara , Latham Sharissa L. , Lynn Helena , Mckenzie Christopher , Chaponnier Christine , Grau Georges E. , Newsome Timothy P. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractActin is a major component of the cytoskeleton and is present as two isoforms in non‐muscle cells: β‐ and γ‐cytoplasmic actin. These isoforms are strikingly conserved, differing by only four N‐terminal amino acids. During spread from infected cells, vaccinia virus (VACV) particles induce localized actin nucleation that propel virus to surrounding cells and facilitate cell‐to‐cell spread of infection. Here we show that virus‐tipped actin comets are composed of β‐ and γ‐actin. We employed isoform‐specific siRNA knockdown to examine the role of the two isoforms in VACV‐induced actin comets. Despite the high level of similarity between the actin isoforms, and their colocalization, VACV‐induced actin nucleation was dependent exclusively on β‐actin. Knockdown of β‐actin led to a reduction in the release of virus from infected cells, a phenotype dependent on virus‐induced Arp2/3 complex activity. We suggest that local concentrations of actin isoforms may regulate the activity of cellular actin nucleator complexes.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Identified and Putative Metabolites of the A1 Adenosine Receptor Antagonist 8‐Cyclopentyl‐3‐(3‐fluoropropyl)‐1‐propylxanthine (CPFPX)
Authors: Holschbach Marcus H. , Bier Dirk , Sihver Wiebke , Schulze Annette , Neumaier Bernd 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe A1 adenosine receptor (A1AR) antagonist [18F]8‐cyclopentyl‐3‐(3‐fluoropropyl)‐1‐propylxanthine ([18F]CPFPX), used in imaging human brain A1ARs by positron emission tomography (PET), is stable in the brain, but rapidly undergoes transformation into one major (3‐(3‐fluoropropyl)‐8‐(3‐oxocyclopenten‐1‐yl)‐1‐propylxanthine, M1) and several minor metabolites in blood. This report describes the synthesis of putative metabolites of CPFPX as standards for the identification of those metabolites. Analysis by (radio)HPLC revealed that extracts of human liver microsomes incubated with no‐carrier‐added (n.c.a.)[18F]CPFPX contain the major metabolite, M1, as well as radioactive metabolites corresponding to derivatives functionalized at the cyclopentyl moiety, but no N1‐despropyl species or metabolites resulting from functionalization of the N3‐fluoropropyl chain. The putative metabolites were found to displace the binding of [3H]CPFPX to the A1AR in pig brain cortex at Ki values between 1.9 and 380 nm and the binding of [3H]ZM241385 to the A2AAR in pig striatum at Ki values >180 nm. One metabolite, a derivative functionalized at the ω‐position of the N1‐propyl chain, showed high affinity (Ki 2 nm) to and very good selectivity (>9000) for the A1AR.
Optimization of Bicyclic Lactam Derivatives as NMDA Receptor Antagonists
Authors: Espadinha Margarida , Dourado Jorge , Lajarin‐Cuesta Rocio , Herrera‐Arozamena Clara , Gonçalves Lidia M. D. , Rodríguez‐Franco María Isabel , de los Rios Cristobal , Santos Maria M. M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractN‐Methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptors are fundamental for the normal function of the central nervous system (CNS), and play an important role in memory and learning. Over‐activation of these receptors leads to neuronal loss associated with major neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and epilepsy. In this study, 22 novel enantiopure bicyclic lactams were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as NMDA receptor antagonists. Most of the new compounds displayed NMDA receptor antagonism, and the most promising compound showed an IC50 value on the same order of magnitude as that of memantine, an NMDA receptor antagonist in clinical use for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Further biological evaluation indicated that this compound is brain permeable (determined by an in vitro assay) and non‐hepatotoxic. All these results indicate that (3S,7aS)‐7a‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐3‐(4‐hydroxybenzyl)tetrahydropyrrolo[2,1‐b]oxazol‐5(6H)‐one (compound 5 b) is a potential candidate for the treatment of pathologies associated with the over‐activation of NMDA receptors.
Theranostic Nanoparticles Loaded with Imaging Probes and Rubrocurcumin for Combined Cancer Therapy by Folate Receptor Targeting
Authors: Alberti Diego , Protti Nicoletta , Franck Morgane , Stefania Rachele , Bortolussi Silva , Altieri Saverio , Deagostino Annamaria , Aime Silvio , Geninatti Crich Simonetta 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe combination of different therapeutic modalities is a promising option to combat the recurrence of tumors. In this study, polylactic and polyglycolic acid nanoparticles were used for the simultaneous delivery of a boron–curcumin complex (RbCur) and an amphiphilic gadolinium complex into tumor cells with the aim of performing boron and gadolinium neutron capture therapy (NCT) in conjunction with the additional antiproliferative effects of curcumin. Furthermore, the use of Gd complexes allows magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment of the amount of B and Gd internalized by tumor cells. Poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles were targeted to ovarian cancer (IGROV‐1) cells through folate receptors, by including in the formulation a PEGylated phospholipid functionalized with the folate moiety. NCT was performed on IGROV‐1 cells internalizing 6.4 and 78.6 μg g−1 of 10B and 157Gd, respectively. The synergic action of neutron treatment and curcumin cytotoxicity was shown to result in a significant therapeutic improvement.
Do cancer survivors change their prescription drug use for financial reasons? Findings from a nationally representative sample in the United States
Authors: Zheng Zhiyuan , Han Xuesong , Guy Gery P. , Davidoff Amy J. , Li Chunyu , Banegas Matthew P. , Ekwueme Donatus U. , Yabroff K. Robin , Jemal Ahmedin 
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUNDThere is limited evidence from nationally representative samples about changes in prescription drug use for financial reasons among cancer survivors in the United States.METHODSThe 2011 to 2014 National Health Interview Survey was used to identify adults who reported ever having been told they had cancer (cancer survivors; n = 8931) and individuals without a cancer history (n = 126,287). Measures of changes in prescription drug use for financial reasons included: 1) skipping medication doses, 2) taking less medicine, 3) delaying filling a prescription, 4) asking a doctor for lower cost medication, 5) buying prescription drugs from another country, and 6) using alternative therapies. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were controlled for demographic characteristics, number of comorbid conditions, interactions between cancer history and number of comorbid conditions, and health insurance coverage. Main analyses were stratified by age (nonelderly, ages 18‐64 years; elderly, ages ≥65 years) and time since diagnosis (recently diagnosed, <2 years; previously diagnosed, ≥2 years).RESULTSAmong nonelderly individuals, both recently diagnosed (31.6%) and previously diagnosed (27.9%) cancer survivors were more likely to report any change in prescription drug use for financial reasons than those without a cancer history (21.4%), with the excess percentage changes for individual measures ranging from 3.5% to 9.9% among previously diagnosed survivors and from 2.6% to 2.7% among recently diagnosed survivors (P < .01). Elderly cancer survivors and those without a cancer history had comparable rates of changes in prescription drug use for financial reasons.CONCLUSIONSNonelderly cancer survivors are particularly vulnerable to changes in prescription drug use for financial reasons, suggesting that targeted efforts are needed. Cancer 2017;123:1453–1463. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Environmental Impact of Ionic Liquids: Automated Evaluation of the Chemical Oxygen Demand of Photochemically Degraded Compounds
Authors: Costa Susana P. F. , Pereira Sarah A. P. , Pinto Paula C. A. G. , Araujo André R. T. S. , Passos Marieta L. C. , Saraiva M. Lúcia M. F. S. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA novel automated fluorimetric technique was developed for the assessment of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of ionic liquids (ILs) and combined with a photodegradation step to promote IL degradation. The method was implemented on a sequential injection analysis (SIA) system and is based on the reduction of cerium(IV) in the presence of irradiated ILs. Compounds incorporating the chloride anion were found to exhibit higher COD values and 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride ([bmim]+[Cl]−), 1‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium chloride ([bmpyr]+[Cl]−), and1‐hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride ([hmim]+[Cl]−) also exhibited considerable photodegradability, whereas the cholinium cation and methanesulfonate and tetrafluoroborate anions showed resistance to photolysis. The developed methodology proved to be a simple, affordable, and robust method, showing good repeatability under the tested conditions (rsd <3.5 %, n=10). Therefore, it is expected that the developed approach can be used as a screening method for the preliminary evaluation of compounds′ potential impact in the aquatic field. Additionally, the photolysis step presents an attractive option to promote degradation of ILs prior to their release into wastewater.
Thermally Stable Energetic Salts Composed of Heterocyclic Anions and Cations Based on 3,6,7‐Triamino‐7 H‐s‐triazolo[5,1‐c]‐s‐triazole: Synthesis and Intermolecular Interaction Study
Authors: Ma Qing , Fan Guijuan , Liao Longyu , Lu Huanchang , Chen Ya , Huang Jinglun 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTo create intermolecular N−H⋅⋅⋅O and N−H⋅⋅⋅N hydrogen‐bond (HB) interactions, a series of energetic N‐heterocyclic anions including polynitro‐ and multi‐nitrogen anions were introduced into the 3,6,7‐triamino‐7 H‐s‐triazolo[5,1‐c]‐s‐triazole (TATT) cation to get numerous novel energetic salts. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction was employed to confirm the crystal structure and crystal packing properties of compounds 2⋅H2O, 6, and 9. Additionally, Hirshfeld surface analysis and atoms‐in‐molecules topology analysis provided insights into the intermolecular hydrogen‐bond interaction of these new salts. With the assistance of the EXPLO5 program, the detonation velocities, detonation pressures, and specific impulses of the salts were found to fall in the ranges 8113–9477 m s−1, 24.1–31.4 GPa, and 203.2–224.2 s, respectively. The predicted detonation performance indicate that all the energetic salts based on TATT are similar to those of 1,3,5‐trinitroperhydro‐1,3,5‐triazine (RDX) or even overtake octahydro‐1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocine (HMX), which reveal that they can be candidates for the future insensitive high‐performance energetic materials (IHPEMs).
Massive versus lightweight building: the latest investigations of (ecological) sustainability assessment
Authors: Pohl Sebastian , Graubner Carl‐Alexander 
Published: February 2017

AbstractOver recent years, the authors have released various research findings concerning the sustainability of masonry construction for detached houses [1] and apartment buildings [2] in comparison with alternative construction methods (timber, reinforced concrete). Meanwhile, in cooperation between the Institute for Concrete and Masonry Structures, TU Darmstadt, and its spinoff LCEE Life Cycle Engineering Experts, these analyses have been merged to a further study with increased consideration of all relevant construction methods for multi‐floor residential buildings; preliminary results have already been presented in this journal [3]. The following paper now shows the final findings including data updates, added construction variants (imported timber scenario) and extended life cycles (50 and 80 years).
Massive versus lightweight construction in residential building
Authors: Walberg Dietmar 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMasonry as the primary form of construction is currently the most economic option for the building of multi‐storey apartment blocks in Germany in order to provide affordable housing. It can however also be stated that there is definitely further rationalisation potential in masonry construction, in contrast to lightweight construction.In comparison to masonry construction, lightweight building methods show no apparent economic advantages, the ecological balance is objectively equivalent and the fire protection and sound insulation properties have to be provided technically and constructively at high cost in order to comply with the same requirements.Under consideration of a realistic and objective assessment, there is therefore no reason to promote the use of lightweight building methods, such as timber‐frame, from their current status as niche products, especially for residential building.
Cost‐effectiveness of nearly zero energy detached houses
Authors: Holm Andreas , Kagerer Florian , Sprengard Christoph , Walberg Dietmar , Gniechwitz Timo 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWhile new buildings or appropriately carried out refurbishment can already show considerable potential for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions with the available technology and definite measures, a certain ”last mile“ problem would arise if the requirements were made increasingly stringent toward zero‐energy building: the more saved in the overall balance, the more laborious are the measures that have to be introduced.Using the example of a typical detached house, this article eva luates variants for the building envelope and building supply systems from the viewpoints of energy‐saving and economy, and derives the possible consequences for future requirements and the arrangement of the framework conditions.
Reproducibility of atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance category using the bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytology when reviewing slides from different institutions: A study of interobserver variability among cytopathologists
Authors: Padmanabhan Vijayalakshmi , Marshall Carrie B , Akdas Barkan Guliz , Ghofrani Mohiedean , Laser Alice , Tolgay Ocal Idris , David Sturgis Charles , Souers Rhona , Kurtycz Daniel F.I 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundThe Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) offers a six‐tiered diagnostic scheme for thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA): Benign, Atypia of Undetermined Significance/Follicular Lesion of Undetermined Significance (AUS/FLUS), suspicious for follicular neoplasm, suspicious for malignancy, malignant, and unsatisfactory with an aim to standardize diagnostic criteria. Reported rate of AUS/FLUS category in the literature has varied from 3% to 20.5%.MethodsThe aim of this study was to assess interobserver variability among cytopathologists to assess reproducibility of the AUS/FLUS category. Seven cytopathologists brought FNA cases (a mixture of atypical and non‐atypical FNA diagnosis) diagnosed using TBSRTC from their respective institutions which were reviewed and diagnosed by the participants. The analysis assessed interobserver variability among 7 cytopathologists and determined characteristics on the slides which were associated with concordance to the institutional diagnosis.ResultsSeventy eight of 125 (62.4%) benign cases were classified as benign by the reviewers and 26 (21%) were called AUS/FLUS on review. A third of the AUS/FLUS cases were called benign on review and 28.2% were classified as suspicious for neoplasia/malignancy. Roughly a third each of the suspicious for follicular neoplasm/suspicious for malignancy cases were classified as AUS/FLUS.DiscussionWhen pathologists from different institutions shared their slides, concordance was high for specimens with adequate cellularity and those that were clearly benign but thresholds varied for the other indeterminate categories. Most definite categorization of the AUS/FLUS category was seen on review. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:399–405. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical impact of the presence of macrophages in endomyocardial biopsies of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Nakayama Takafumi , Sugano Yasuo , Yokokawa Tetsuro , Nagai Toshiyuki , Matsuyama Taka‐aki , Ohta‐Ogo Keiko , Ikeda Yoshihiko , Ishibashi‐Ueda Hatsue , Nakatani Takeshi , Ohte Nobuyuki , Yasuda Satoshi , Anzai Toshihisa 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundDilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most common cardiomyopathy and causes left ventricular enlargement and contractile dysfunction, with a poor prognosis. The mechanisms underlying the disease process have not been precisely identified, but recent evidence has suggested that the activation of myocardial inflammation is involved in the deterioration associated with the condition.Methods and resultsBiopsy samples from 182 consecutive DCM patients were immunohistochemically stained with antibodies specific to CD3 (T lymphocytes), CD68 (whole macrophages), and CD163 (M2 macrophages), and each type of infiltrating cell was counted. Masson's trichrome staining was used to determine the collagen area fraction (CAF) in each sample. Patients were followed up for 6.9 ± 2.4 years, and their clinical data were obtained for analysis. Median (interquartile range) numbers of myocardial CD3, CD68, and CD163‐cell infiltrates were 8.1 (4.0–14.2)/mm2, 22.3 (12.1–36.0)/mm2, and 6.5 (2.0–14.0)/mm2, respectively. Patients with higher counts of infiltrating CD3‐, CD68‐, and CD163‐positive cells had significantly poorer outcomes (P = 0.007, P = 0.011, and P = 0.022, respectively). A high CD163‐positive infiltrate count was independently associated with worse outcome in multivariate Cox regression analysis (hazard ratio 1.77, P = 0.004), and multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that the CD163 cell count was an independent determinant of CAF (P < 0.001).ConclusionsIt was found that DCM with increased myocardial immune activation was associated with poor long‐term outcome. The association between M2 macrophages and collagen formation suggests the phenotypic polarization of macrophages toward M2 may be associated with ventricular remodelling in DCM.
Follow‐up Assessment of Cognitive Remediation Therapy in Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa: A Pilot Study
Authors: Herbrich Laura , van Noort Betteke , Pfeiffer Ernst , Lehmkuhl Ulrike , Winter Sibylle , Kappel Viola 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectiveCognitive remediation therapy (CRT) is a specialized treatment approach targeting cognitive weaknesses in anorexia nervosa (AN). Regarding follow‐up effects of CRT, there are only few studies available; for adolescents, there are no data.MethodsForty‐eight adolescents with AN were assigned to receive either CRT and treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone. Assessments were performed at baseline (n = 48) and compared with assessments at a 6‐month follow‐up (n = 33). Outcome measures were set‐shifting, central coherence, eating disorder and general psychopathology.ResultsThe completion rate was higher in CRT compared with TAU. There were no significant differences in neuropsychological and clinical variables. Changes in body mass index percentile showed a trend towards significance for CRT. Dropout analyses revealed no significant predictors.ConclusionsResults provide a first insight into follow‐up‐assessments of CRT in adolescent AN. More randomized controlled studies are needed to clarify the long‐term effects of CRT. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Affective Responses in Different Stages of Anorexia Nervosa: Results from a Startle‐reflex Paradigm
Authors: Erdur Laurence , Weber Cora , Zimmermann‐Viehoff Frank , Rose Matthias , Deter Hans‐Christian 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectiveThere is an evolving debate about pathological affective responses in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). We examined startle responses in different stages of AN.MethodsWe applied a startle reflex paradigm with standardized visual stimuli (International Affective Pictures System; food and body pictures) in 64 female participants (17 acute AN, 16 chronically ill AN, 15 long‐term recovered AN, 16 healthy controls). We measured subjective ratings of valence and anxiety, and electromyographic startle responses.ResultsParticipants with acute and chronic AN displayed the same subjective valence ratings to affective stimuli but showed less startle reactivity to affective pictures (F(6, 116) = 2.75, p = .02) compared with healthy control. Food pictures were rated as more unpleasant and higher anxiety provoking by currently ill AN (F(3, 59) = 3.32, p=.03).DiscussionWe observed diverging subjective and psychophysiological reactions in different stages of AN. Psychophysiological methods can help to attain a more comprehensive understanding of biological alterations in the long‐term course of AN. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Activation in the angular gyrus and in the pSTS is modulated by face primes during voice recognition
Authors: Hölig Cordula , Föcker Julia , Best Anna , Röder Brigitte , Büchel Christian 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to better understand the interaction of face and voice processing when identifying people. In a S1‐S2 crossmodal priming fMRI experiment, the target (S2) was a disyllabic voice stimulus, whereas the modality of the prime (S1) was manipulated blockwise and consisted of the silent video of a speaking face in the crossmodal condition or of a voice stimulus in the unimodal condition. Primes and targets were from the same speaker (person‐congruent) or from two different speakers (person‐incongruent). Participants had to classify the S2 as either an old or a young person. Response times were shorter after a congruent than after an incongruent face prime. The right posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) and the right angular gyrus showed a significant person identity effect (person‐incongruent > person‐congruent) in the crossmodal condition but not in the unimodal condition. In the unimodal condition, a person identity effect was observed in the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus. Our data suggest that both the priming with a voice and with a face result in a preactivated voice representation of the respective person, which eventually facilitates (person‐congruent trials) or hampers (person‐incongruent trials) the processing of the identity of a subsequent voice. This process involves activation in the right pSTS and in the right angular gyrus for voices primed by faces, but not for voices primed by voices. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2553–2565, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.