bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduction of plasma glutathione in psychosis associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in translational psychiatry
Authors: Nucifora L G , Tanaka T , Hayes L N , Kim M , Lee B J , Matsuda T , Nucifora Jr F C , Sedlak T , Mojtabai R , Eaton W , Sawa A 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe establishment of mechanism-driven peripheral markers is important for translational psychiatry. Many groups, including ours, have addressed molecular alterations in peripheral tissues in association with symptomatic changes in major illnesses. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BP) through studies of patient peripheral tissues and animal models. Although the relationship between peripheral changes and brain pathology remain elusive, oxidative stress may bridge such translational efforts. Nonetheless, the molecular substrates of oxidative stress are not well defined in mental conditions. Glutathione (GSH) is a non-enzymatic antioxidant that eliminates free radicals, and has been suggested to have a role in SZ. We performed a cross-sectional study of 48 healthy controls (CON), 52 SZ patients and 62 BP patients to compare the levels of peripheral GSH by a biochemical enzyme assay. We show a significant reduction of plasma GSH in both SZ and BP patients compared with CON. We evaluated possible influences of clinical characteristics on the level of GSH in SZ and BP. A decrease in GSH level correlated with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total and positive scores for SZ and correlated with the PANSS general for BP. Taken together, we provide evidence that SZ and BP display a common molecular signature in the reduction of peripheral GSH in the psychosis dimension.
The ABCs of pesticide toxicology: amounts, biology, and chemistry
Authors: Casida John E. , Bryant Robert J. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Everyone is affected directly or indirectly by pesticide use and safety. The magnitude and perception of this effect depend on one's individual involvement or vantage point. The researcher seeks discovery and the entrepreneur goes after financial rewards. The general public wants food, health and safety. Pesticide toxicology is a core issue in these relationships. The three goals of toxicology research on pesticides are first to create new knowledge and chemicals, second to evaluate their effectiveness and safety and third to regulate their use. What amounts of pesticides are applied and do we really understand their biology and chemistry? This review addresses the ABCs of pesticide toxicology, i.e. their amounts, biology and chemistry.
Modified planar sensor for measuring dielectric constant of liquid materials
Authors: Karami M. , Rezaei P. , Kiani S. , Sadeghzadeh R.A. 
Published: August 2017

A planar U‐shaped resonator for measuring relative permittivity of the liquid mediums is developed. To improve the sensitivity of the proposed sensor, gap sections, coupled lines and central ring resonators (RRs) are used to enhance electric fields interact with liquid under test (LUT). Further to increase the resonance sharpness, a tapered double‐sided spiral split RR is presented. As the permittivity of the LUT is increased from 26 to 79, the measured resonance frequency of the described sensor is varied in the 166.4–287.5 MHz range. The developed sensor exhibits an improvement in sensitivity of about 45% compared with the other work.
Dutch tolerance of torture? CIA extraordinary rendition flights in the Netherlands
Authors: Eski Sharise , Eski Yarin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis article explores the (passive) role of the Dutch government in the CIA extraordinary rendition flights (ERFs), also known as “torture flights”. It shows why researching ERFs, as a crime of the powerful, is inherently problematic. Afterward, a concise overview follows of European involvement in ERFs and reluctance to investigate them. The article then considers the (known) facts and legal responsibility of the Netherlands regarding the ERFs, concluding with a discussion of the Dutch political discourse of denial of ERF involvement. The main argument is that the discourse of ERF denial fits and reflects the colonial present in which the Dutch government resides, concealing its darkest pages in history while hiding behind its contemporary (political) culture of tolerance and progressiveness.
Size- and speed-dependent mechanical behavior in living mammalian cytoplasm
Authors: Hu Jiliang , Jafari Somaye , Han Yulong , Grodzinsky Alan J. , Cai Shengqiang , Guo Ming 
Published: August 2017

Significance
Although the driving force generated by motor proteins to deliver intracellular cargos is widely studied, the mechanical nature of cytoplasm, which is also important for intracellular processes by providing mechanical resistance, remains unclear. We use optical tweezers to directly characterize the resistance to transport in living mammalian cytoplasm. Using scaling analysis, we successfully distinguish between the underlying mechanisms governing the resistance to mechanical deformation, that is, among viscosity, viscoelasticity, poroelasticity, or pure elasticity, depending on the speed and size of the probe. Moreover, a cytoplasmic state diagram is obtained to illustrate different mechanical behaviors as a function of two dimensionless parameters; with this, the underlying mechanics of various cellular processes over a broad range of speed and size scales is revealed.
Locally embedded presages of global network bursts
Authors: Tajima Satohiro , Mita Takeshi , Bakkum Douglas J. , Takahashi Hirokazu , Toyoizumi Taro 
Published: August 2017

Significance
This paper reports an approach to detecting the “early warnings” of upcoming global state transitions in a network based on its local dynamics, demonstrating that seemingly stochastic global events can be predicted by local deterministic dynamics. Based on the method using a nonlinear state-space reconstruction, we show that, surprisingly, dynamics of individual neurons can robustly predict the upcoming synchronous burst in the neural population at high signal-to-noise ratios, which even outperform the predictions based on population activity. We explain this apparently counterintuitive property by the network structures realizing in the nonbursting period, which is supported by a manipulative experiment and analyses. These results reveal basic properties of the bursting network dynamics.
Prospect theory and the decision to move or stay
Authors: Clark William A. V. , Lisowski William 
Published: August 2017

Significance
We use prospect theory and the endowment effect to provide a theoretical basis for an integrated approach to residential moving and residential staying. We link measures of risk aversion and the endowment effect to explain the tradeoff between moving and staying. We test Kahneman and Tervsky’s observation that endowment effects are especially likely in goods that are not regularly traded, e.g., houses. Their use value creates the endowment effect, which works in favor of the locational status quo, increasing the probability of staying. We analyze survey data to confirm that a general self-assessed risk aversion is important in decisions to migrate or stay, and the endowment effect, measured as tenure and duration, is a substantial factor in residential decision-making.
Factors Influencing Postrelease Predation for a Catch-And-Release Tropical Flats Fishery with a High Predator Burden
Authors: Lennox Robert J. , Filous Alexander , Clark Danylchuk Sascha , Cooke Steven J. , Brownscombe Jacob W. , Friedlander Alan M. , Danylchuk Andy J. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Postrelease predation (PRP) of fishes released by anglers is a potentially significant contributor to overall mortality in recreational fisheries. We quantified PRP and examined the impacts of handling and release practices on Shortjaw Bonefish Albula glossodonta, a species of shallow-water Pacific bonefish that supports a recreational fishery throughout its range and is emerging as recreationally important to the economy in Anaa Atoll, French Polynesia. We caught, released, and monitored the postrelease movements of Shortjaw Bonefish on the shallow flats of Anaa Atoll via recreational angling gear and small floats attached to the bonefish. Using Cox proportional hazards regression of our observations of PRP we tested how handling practices (air exposure) and release strategies (retained for a short period versus immediate release) influenced the probability of PRP. There was some evidence that air exposure increased susceptibility to PRP. However, retention in a recovery bag for 30 min did not reduce PRP. Actually, retention in the recovery bag increased the number of sharks in the release area after 30 min suggesting that Shortjaw Bonefish should be released quickly to avoid aggregating sharks. In both the handling and release practices components of the study, the number of sharks encountered proximate to the release site was the strongest predictor of PRP. Anglers and guides fishing in areas of high predator density such as at Anaa Atoll should release bonefish quickly to minimize aggregation of sharks that depredate released bonefish. Avoiding fishing flats with high predator densities and frequently rotating fishing flats may be necessary to quell PRP. Acknowledging risks and accounting for PRP and its contribution to overall postrelease mortality is essential for maintaining sustainable recreational fisheries for this species.
Received August 17, 2016; accepted May 23, 2017Published online August 22, 2017
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid is a potential aldehyde dehydrogenase inducer in murine hepatoma Hepa1c1c7 cells
Authors: Liu Yujia , Kurita Ayuki , Nakashima Sayaka , Zhu Beiwei , Munemasa Shintaro , Nakamura Toshiyuki , Murata Yoshiyuki , Nakamura Yoshimasa 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) is one of the major colonic microflora-produced catabolites of quercetin glycosides, such as quercetin 4′-glucoside derived from onion. Here, we investigated whether DOPAC modulates the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity and protects the cells from the acetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity in vitro. DOPAC was shown to enhance not only the total ALDH activity, but also the gene expression of ALDH1A1, ALDH2 and ALDH3A1 in a concentration-dependent manner. DOPAC simultaneously stimulated the nuclear translocation of NFE2-related factor 2 and aryl hydrocarbon receptor. The pretreatment of DOPAC completely protected the cells from the acetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity. The present study suggested that DOPAC acts as a potential ALDH inducer to prevent the alcohol-induced abnormal reaction.
Test–retest reliability of physiological parameters in elite junior distance runners following allometric scaling
Authors: Blagrove Richard C. , Howatson Glyn , Hayes Philip R. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to quantify the intra‐individual reliability of a number of physiological variables in a group of national and international young distance runners. Sixteen (8 male, 8 female) participants (16.7 ± 1.4 years) performed a submaximal incremental running assessment followed by a maximal running test, on two occasions separated by no more than seven days. Maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max), speed at V̇O2max (km h−1), running economy and speed and heart rate (HR) at fixed blood lactate concentrations were determined. V̇O2max and running economy were scaled for differences in body mass using a power exponent derived from a larger cohort of young runners (n = 42). Running economy was expressed as oxygen cost and energy cost at the speed associated with lactate turnpoint (LTP) and the two speeds prior to LTP. Results of analysis of variance revealed an absence of systematic bias between trials. Reliability indices showed a high level of reproducibility across all parameters (typical error [TE] ≤2%; intra‐class correlation coefficient >0.8; effect size <0.6). Expressing running economy as energy cost appears to provide superior reliability than using oxygen cost (TE ∼1.5% vs. ∼2%). Blood lactate and HR were liable to daily fluctuations of 0.14–0.22 mmol L−1 and 4–5 beats min−1 respectively. The minimum detectable change values (95% confidence) for each parameter are also reported. Exercise physiologists can be confident that measurement of important physiological determinants of distance running performance are highly reproducible in elite junior runners.
What is the optimal way to prepare a Bell state using measurement and feedback?
Authors: Martin Leigh , Sayrafi Mahrud , Whaley K Birgitta 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Recent work has shown that the use of quantum feedback can significantly enhance both the speed and success rate of measurement-based remote entanglement generation, but it is generally unknown what feedback protocols are optimal for these tasks. Here we consider two common measurements that are capable of projecting into pairwise entangled states, namely half- and full-parity measurements of two qubits, and determine in each case a globally optimal protocol for generation of entanglement. For the half-parity measurement, we rederive a previously described protocol using more general methods and prove that it is globally optimal for several figures of merit, including maximal concurrence or fidelity and minimal time to reach a specified concurrence or fidelity. For the full-parity measurement, we derive a protocol for rapid entanglement generation related to that of (Hill, Ralph, Phys. Rev. A
77, 014305), and then map the dynamics of the concurrence of the state to the Bloch vector length of an effective qubit. This mapping allows us to prove several optimality results for feedback protocols with full-parity measurements. We further show that our full-parity protocol transfers entanglement optimally from one qubit to the other amongst all measurement-based schemes. The methods developed here will be useful for deriving feedback protocols and determining their optimality properties in many other quantum systems subject to measurement and unitary operations.
An introduction to deep learning on biological sequence data: examples and solutions
Authors: Jurtz Vanessa Isabell , Johansen Alexander Rosenberg , Nielsen Morten , Almagro Armenteros Jose Juan , Nielsen Henrik , Sønderby Casper Kaae , Winther Ole , Sønderby Søren Kaae 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Deep neural network architectures such as convolutional and long short-term memory networks have become increasingly popular as machine learning tools during the recent years. The availability of greater computational resources, more data, new algorithms for training deep models and easy to use libraries for implementation and training of neural networks are the drivers of this development. The use of deep learning has been especially successful in image recognition; and the development of tools, applications and code examples are in most cases centered within this field rather than within biology.

Results
Here, we aim to further the development of deep learning methods within biology by providing application examples and ready to apply and adapt code templates. Given such examples, we illustrate how architectures consisting of convolutional and long short-term memory neural networks can relatively easily be designed and trained to state-of-the-art performance on three biological sequence problems: prediction of subcellular localization, protein secondary structure and the binding of peptides to MHC Class II molecules.

Availability and implementation
All implementations and datasets are available online to the scientific community at https://github.com/vanessajurtz/lasagne4bio.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Horizontal and vertical movements of white marlin, Kajikia albida, tagged off the Yucatán Peninsula
Authors: Vaudo J J , Byrne M E , Wetherbee B M , Harvey G M , Mendillo A , Shivji M S 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The white marlin, Kajikia albida, is a highly migratory, prized sport fish of conservation concern. Improved understanding of white marlin ecology, including habitat use, will inform management measures. To improve white marlin movement knowledge in a region with limited information, we tagged 18 individuals off the eastern Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico with pop-up satellite archival transmitters. Tracks lasting 9–328 d, yielded data across 1277 d, and covered distances of 891–10 579 km. Horizontal movements varied greatly with ten individuals remaining in the Gulf of Mexico/northwestern Caribbean and eight individuals entering the western North Atlantic. Although white marlin experienced a temperature range of 10.0–33.6 °C, the majority of time was spent in waters &gt;24 °C. Marlin displayed diel diving patterns with deeper dives occurring more frequently during the daytime. As water columns warmed, dive duration, maximum daily depth, and dive depth all increased. As a result, 18% of the time was spent at depths &gt;100 m in the warmest water columns compared with &lt;1% in the coldest water columns. Although the thermal characteristics of the water column greatly influence white marlin diving behaviour, the generally shallow distributions provide a way of separating white marlin from important fishery species.
Online physician ratings fail to predict actual performance on measures of quality, value, and peer review
Authors: Daskivich Timothy J , Houman Justin , Fuller Garth , Black Jeanne T , Kim Hyung L , Spiegel Brennan 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Objective
Patients use online consumer ratings to identify high-performing physicians, but it is unclear if ratings are valid measures of clinical performance. We sought to determine whether online ratings of specialist physicians from 5 platforms predict quality of care, value of care, and peer-assessed physician performance.

Materials and Methods
We conducted an observational study of 78 physicians representing 8 medical and surgical specialties. We assessed the association of consumer ratings with specialty-specific performance scores (metrics including adherence to Choosing Wisely measures, 30-day readmissions, length of stay, and adjusted cost of care), primary care physician peer-review scores, and administrator peer-review scores.

Results
Across ratings platforms, multivariable models showed no significant association between mean consumer ratings and specialty-specific performance scores (β-coefficient range, −0.04, 0.04), primary care physician scores (β-coefficient range, −0.01, 0.3), and administrator scores (β-coefficient range, −0.2, 0.1). There was no association between ratings and score subdomains addressing quality or value-based care. Among physicians in the lowest quartile of specialty-specific performance scores, only 5%–32% had consumer ratings in the lowest quartile across platforms. Ratings were consistent across platforms; a physician’s score on one platform significantly predicted his/her score on another in 5 of 10 comparisons.

Discussion
Online ratings of specialist physicians do not predict objective measures of quality of care or peer assessment of clinical performance. Scores are consistent across platforms, suggesting that they jointly measure a latent construct that is unrelated to performance.

Conclusion
Online consumer ratings should not be used in isolation to select physicians, given their poor association with clinical performance.
Cervical Spine Deformity—Part 3: Posterior Techniques, Clinical Outcome, and Complications
Authors: Tan Lee A , Riew K Daniel , Traynelis Vincent C 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The goals of cervical deformity surgery include deformity correction, restoration of horizontal gaze, decompression of neural elements, spinal stabilization with a biomechanically sound construct, and meticulous arthrodesis technique to prevent pseudoarthrosis and minimizing surgical complications. Many different surgical options exist, but selecting the correct approach that ensures the optimal clinical outcome can be challenging and often controversial. In this last part of the cervical deformity review series, various posterior deformity correction techniques are discussed in detail, along with an overview of surgical outcome and postoperative complications.
Systematic Stereotactic Error Reduction Using a Calibration Technique in Single-Brain-Pass and Multitrack Deep Brain Stimulations
Authors: Park Seong-Cheol , Lee Jung Kyo , Kim Seok Min , Choi Eu Jene , Lee Chong Sik 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
A calibration technique that shifts the frame coordinates from the intended coordinates to correct a systematic stereotactic error has been reported for single-brain-pass deep brain stimulation.

OBJECTIVE
To analyze the intercenter reproducibility of this method for deep brain stimulation.

METHODS
A total of 310 leads from 166 patients undergoing surgery were analyzed, including 220 multitrack (primarily 3-track) subthalamic nucleus leads, 17 single-brain-pass subthalamic nucleus leads, and 73 single-brain-pass globus pallidus interna leads. We adopted the previously reported calibration factors. Calibration shifts the frame coordinates from the target coordinates to the left, anterior, and inferior directions by 0, 0.5, or 1 mm, respectively, according to the arc angles in each axis. We analyzed 9 subgroups of single-brain-pass, multitracks, operated sides, technical, and instrumental variations.

RESULTS
In total, the stereotactic error decreased from 1.5 ± 0.8 mm in the distance to the frame coordinates (error calculation before using the calibration technique) to 1.1 ± 0.6 mm in the distance to the intended target coordinates (error after using the calibration technique, 28% reduction, P < .000001). Frame-related errors were 0.1 to 0.3 mm when measured with the stereotactic simulator. The reduction of stereotactic errors by the calibration technique (median 0.4 mm, 0.1-0.7 mm, median 28%, 7%-45% in each subgroup) was significant in 8 of the 9 subgroups (P < .05).

CONCLUSION
Calibration is an effective and reproducible method for reducing systematic stereotactic errors both in single-brain-pass and multitrack deep brain stimulations, as well as in both sides using various instrumental and technical conditions.
Diachronic interpretations of word order parameter cohesion
Authors: Whitman John , Ono Yohei 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis chapter uses statistical tools to investigate the interrelationship between typological features in the World Atlas of Language Structures Online (Dryer and Haspelmath 2013) in the WALS 201 language sample, with the objective of determining how crosscategorial word order generalizations might emerge as the result of syntactic change. Multiple Correspondence Analysis and a variety of cluster analyses show that word order features tend to group along the familiar lines of the Head Parameter. But there is an important caveat to this, previously noticed by Albu (2006): word order features in NP (e.g. [Order of noun and determiner], [Order of noun and adjective]) group separately from word order features in VP and PP, with the exception of [Order of noun and genitive]. We provide a diachronic explanation for this fact: nouns and their arguments may be reanalysed as PPs, or in the case of reanalysed nominalizations, clauses.