bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The 2024 Presidential Address. The power of humility
Authors: Asher Anthony L. 
Published: October 2024

Physicians generally underestimate their potential to influence social progress, despite substantial precedents for medical professionals leading important societal transformations. The author believes that our times require we challenge the notion that physicians have limited influence beyond clinical settings. Our voice is powerful and important. It needs to be heard.
In light of these considerations, the author chose "What Matters" as the theme of the 2024 American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) Annual Scientific Meeting held in Chicago on May 3–6. The topic was reflective of his personal conviction that physicians, by virtue of the public respect and goodwill maintained through their dedication to the art and science of medicine, possess unparalleled potential to enhance both individual and societal health and well-being.
The 2024 AANS scientific program committee determined to create an unprecedented program that would allow the community of neurosurgery to engage with some of the greatest minds in American medicine, academics, journalism, technology and public life. All contributors were invited to weave their insights regarding what truly matters into a broad, thought-provoking intellectual and spiritual tapestry. Universally resonant themes such as empathy, innovation, resilience, leadership, value, trust and equity framed the cooperative dialogues, emphasizing our shared humanity and the core values uniting us—despite our differences.
The objectives for the 2024 Annual Meeting were ambitious: to consider as a professional community themes of utmost importance to our professional and personal lives; to catalyze a profound reevaluation of our collective objectives; to envision an expanded common mission; and to inspire visionary leaders to collaborate on creating lasting value—both for the patients who are the principal focus of our shared devotion, and for society writ large.
Criteria for neurosurgical treatment of children and adolescents with traumatic brain injury in a Brazilian level 1 trauma center
Authors: Tude Melo José Roberto , Leal Isabela Zampirolli , de Oliveira Larah Domingos , Masini Melina Houlis Hao , de Oliveira Jean Gonçalves , Veiga José Carlos Esteves 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE
Considering Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores and brain CT scans in a group of children and adolescents with traumatic brain injury (TBI), the scope of this study was to identify the criteria established for the indication of emergency neurosurgical treatment in a level 1 trauma center.

METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study with consecutive review of medical records of children and adolescents < 17 years with TBI who were hospitalized and underwent neurosurgical treatment between January 2016 and December 2023. Two groups were formed for analysis: patients with GCS scores ≤ 8 versus patients with GCS scores > 8. Based on the GCS score and brain CT scan of each patient, the authors investigated the criteria established for the surgical indications in this group.

RESULTS
In the period considered for the study, 376 children and adolescents with TBI were hospitalized and 31% required neurosurgical treatment. The median age was 5 years (interquartile range 1–11 years) and there was a predominance of males (68%). Home accidents predominated in 77% of children < 5 years of age, whereas road accidents predominated among those older than 5 (47%). Diffuse brain lesions on CT scans predominated in patients with GCS scores ≤ 8 when compared to the group with GCS scores > 8 (89% vs 19%; p < 0.0001). Regarding neurosurgical access, decompressive craniectomies (70%) and invasive intracranial pressure monitoring (44%) prevailed among patients with GCS scores ≤ 8, whereas craniotomies for drainage of intracranial hematomas (70%) and surgical correction of depressed skull fracture (21%) prevailed among those with GCS scores > 8.

CONCLUSIONS
Based on the GCS scores and CT scans, the authors were able to define the criteria used for neurosurgical indications in a Brazilian level 1 trauma center. They found a high prevalence of decompressive craniectomy in patients with severe TBI in their department due to the irregular supply of disposable catheters necessary for intracranial pressure monitoring.
Vitimização precoce e funcionamento adaptativo em adultos: estratégias de enfrentamento
Authors: Caridade Sónia , Fonte Carla , Neiva Susana 
Published: October 2024

This study aim to analyze and characterize the early history of victimization in adults, seeking to know and describe the coping strategies used and promoters of their current adaptative functioning. A semi-structured interview was administered to 10 participants aged between 19 to 41 years (M = 26.1, SD = 8). The thematic analysis was used to analyze the interviews. The neglect appears to be the most identified type of abuse. Participants admitted to use different strategies to deal with early adversity: coping focused on emotion and on problem. Participants also noted the development of multiple skills in adjustment: in terms of social, professional, individual and parenting. These results indicate that, in terms of intervention with children at risk, we must consider the protective factors.
La historia entre la sociología y la filosofía de la ciencia: sociología del conocimiento y ‘nueva’ historia de la ciencia en la historiografía de la psicología latinoamericana a través de la obra de Alberto Ramón Vilanova (1942-2003)
Authors: Fierro Catriel 
Published: October 2024

In order to characterize the relation between Latin-American historical research in psychology and other meta-sciences, we analyze the reception of the 'new historiography of science' and of the sociology of knowledge in an exemplar of regional relevance in regards to psychological historiography: the published work of Alberto Vilanova. A descriptive, expost facto study was carried out, with quantitative and qualitative phases. Each of the documents that comprise the complete, published papers by Vilanova (n = 64) were retrieved and subjected to a content analysis. No extensive citations to sociologists or philosophers of psychology were found in the sample, although a conceptualization of past and contemporary science as a social collective enterprise was found in most sources.
Evaluación de las malas especificaciones en modelos de ecuaciones estructurales
Authors: Dominguez-Lara Sergio , Merino-Soto César 
Published: October 2024

Model misspecifications include overparameterization and underparameterization. In this sense, modification indices provide useful information about additional specifications that could be done to improve model fit. However, it should be noted that re-specifications in the model may be not relevant. Saris, Satorra and Van der Veld (SSV) proposed a method that provides information for judging the practical significance of model re-specification suggested by the modification indices, representing additional and different information than fit indices. Currently, there are available programs for testing misspecifications. However, they require the output linked to a specific SEM program. The present study provides a SSV syntax for SPSS, which can expand the computational environment for their application.
La Formación en Psicología Positiva en la Universidad de Palermo
Authors: Mariñelarena-Dondena Luciana 
Published: October 2024

El trabajo analiza la formación en Psicología Positiva en la Universidad de Palermo. Con tal fin se realiza un estudio bibliométrico de los programas de seis cursos pertenecientes a la Licenciatura en Psicología, la Maestría en Psicología y Salud y el Doctorado en Psicología. La presente investigación constituye un estudio ex - post facto retrospectivo, de acuerdo con la clasificación de Montero y León (2002, 2005). Se realiza un estudio bibliométrico de los programas haciendo hincapié en el análisis de dos variables: las temáticas incluidas dentro de los contenidos y las referencias citadas en la bibliografía, dentro de las mismas se consideran: los autores referenciados, el idioma y la antigüedad de las referencias. Los resultados permiten apreciar que la Universidad de Palermo se ha convertido en una institución aventajada en la enseñanza de contenidos relacionados con la Psicología Positiva en la Argentina.Palabras claves: Psicología Positiva; Formación Universitaria; Bibliometría; Historia de la Psicología; Argentina. Incidence of Positive Psychology in psychology education at University of Palermo (Argentina): This paper analyzes the incidence of Positive Psychology in psychology education at University of Palermo (Argentina). The research is done through a bibliometric study of six syllabus corresponding to courses that belong to the undergraduate program in Psychology, the Master in Psychology and Health, and the Ph.D. in Psychology. This study can be considered an ex post facto research, according to Montero and León classification (2002, 2005). A bibliometric study of the six courses' syllabus is carried out, with an emphasis on analyzing two variables: the main subjects of the contents, and the references. Meanwhile, the bibliographical references were studied according to three variables: the indexed authors, the reference's language and the reference's antiquity. The results allow us to appreciate that the University of Palermo has become an institution of privilege in the education of Positive Psychology in Argentina.Key Words: Positive Psychology; Psychology Education; Bibliometrics; History of Psychology; Argentina.
La memoria del sabor
Authors: Justel Nadia , Ruetti Eliana 
Published: October 2024

La detección de la novedad gustativa requiere la comparación entre la información "on line" sensorial y la información "off line", es decir la memoria; a partir de allí, se dispara una cascada de eventos cuando se identifica un desajuste entre ambas situaciones. Este proceso requiere de vías neuromoduladoras, que implican varios sistemas en diversas áreas cerebrales actuando en paralelo, y modulando la expresión de genes, y por último alterando los circuitos corticales que codifican la nueva información. La adquisición de este tipo de información se puede estudiar a través de distintos paradigmas experimentales, en los cuales se evalúan las asociaciones entre el estímulo gustativo (y/o señales que lo anticipan) y las consecuencias gastrointestinales que provocan en los animales. En este trabajo se revisarán las principales evidencias en roedores acerca de los sistemas de neurotransmisión mayormente involucrados en la memoria del sabor, tanto para el procesamiento apetitivo como para el aversivo.Palabras claves: Sabor; Novedad; Neurotransmisores; Memoria.Taste's memory: Gustatory novelty detection requires the comparison between on line sensorial information and off line information, i.e. memory; from there a cascade of events is trigger when a maladjustment between these situations is detected. This process require neuromodulator´s pathways, which involved several systems in different cerebral areas acting in parallel, modulating the gene expression, and at last altering the cortical pathways which encode the new information. The acquisition of this information can be study through different experimental procedures, in which the associations between the gustatory stimuli and the gastrointestinal consequences are evaluated. The main evidences in rodents of the neurotransmission systems mostly involved in the flavor memory, for the appetitive and aversive memories are revised in this work.Key Words: Flavor; Novelty; Neurotransmitters; Memory
Tras los rastros del lenguaje: revisión teórica del modelo RR de Karmiloff-Smith
Authors: Defagó Cecilia 
Published: October 2024

En este artículo pretendemos reflexionar sobre un modelo de desarrollo cognitivo, llamado "Redescripción Representacional" formulado por Karmiloff-Smith. Esta propuesta abre el abanico de procesos y representaciones mentales más allá de las dicotomías tradicionales: consciente/inconsciente, innato/adquirido, lingüístico/no lingüístico. Se plantea como superadora de dos modelos de funcionamiento mental, el constructivismo de Piaget y el innatismo de Fodor, tomando elementos de cada una de ellas pero desarrollando una propuesta original, aportando explicaciones a fenómenos no abarcados por dichas teorías. Consideramos que el análisis de su propuesta nos aportará elementos de reflexión sobre los aspectos cognitivos implicados en el desarrollo del lenguaje, su especificidad y su relación con otros procesos cognitivos, tanto por los fenómenos cognitivo/lingüísticos que explica como por lo que quedan fuera de su explicación, dentro de estos últimos se ubican aspectos abarcado por propuestas como el Programa Minimalista de N. Chomsky.Palabras Claves: Lenguaje; Cambio Cognitivo; Representación; Meta-representación.Behind the tracks of the language: theoretical review of the model RR of Karmiloff-Smith: In this article we reflect upon a model of cognitive development, so called "Representational Redescription" formulated by Karmiloff-Smith (1994). Her offer contributes new ways of understanding processes and mental representations beyond old dichotomies: conscious / unconscious, innate / acquired, linguistic / non linguistic processes. Her propose appears as going over two model of mental functioning, the constructivism of Piaget and Fodor's innatism, taking elements of each one of them but developing an original offer, contributing explanations to phenomena not included by the above mentioned theories. We assume this analysis will offer a reflection on the cognitive aspects involved in the development of the language, its specificity and its relation with other cognitive processes, so much for the cognitive / linguistic phenomena that explains like for what is not explained for it. About the last point, we consider appropriate the proposal offers by the Minimalist Program of N. Chomsky.Key Words: Language; Cognitive Change; Sentence; Text
Predictores Socioambientales e Individuales del Desempeño en una Tarea Atencional con Demandas de Alerta, Orientación y Control.
Authors: Prats Lucía María , Fracchia Carolina Soledad , Segretin Soledad María , Hermida María Julia , Colombo Jorge Augusto , Lipina Sebastián Javier 
Published: October 2024

El presente estudio explora el valor predictivo del nivel socioeconómico, la salud mental materna y el temperamento infantil sobre el desempeño en la prueba de redes atencionales (ANT), que evalúa procesos atencionales de alerta, orientación y control, administrada a 203 niños de 4 y 5 años (M = 4.78; DE = .59), provenientes de hogares con y sin necesidades básicas insatisfechas (NBI y NBS, respectivamente). Los resultados de los análisis de regresión lineal indicaron que las variables género, edad, esfuerzo voluntario de control y en forma marginal nivel de ocupación parental, fueron predictores del aumento de los tiempos de reacción en las tareas con demandas de control. No se identificaron predictores en el caso de las redes atencionales de alerta y orientación. Al reemplazar en el modelo las variables sociodemográficas de educación y ocupación parental, vivienda y hacinamiento por el predictor grupo económico (NBI/NBS), no se verificó ningún tipo de predicción. Estos resultados sugieren una modulación diferencial de factores individuales y ambientales sobre distintos sistemas de procesamiento atencional.Palabras claves: Desarrollo Cognitivo; Redes Atencionales; Esfuerzo Voluntario De Control; Salud Mental Materna; Predictores Sociodemográficos. Sociodemographic and Individual Predictors of Performance in an Attentional Task with Alert, Orienting and Control Demands in Preschoolers: This study explores the predictive value of socioeconomic status, maternal mental health and child temperament on the performance in the attentional network test (ANT), which assesses attentional processes of alert, orienting and control, administered to 203 4-to-5 years-old children (M = 4.78; SD = .59) from Unsatisfied and Satisfied Basic Needs homes (UBN and SBN, respectively). Results from the linear regression analysis indicated that gender, age, effortful control, and marginally parental occupation, predicted increments in reaction times of trials corresponding only to the control network. Predictors were not verified when sociodemographic variables (parental education and occupation, dwelling and overcrowding) were replaced in the model by the predictor socioeconomic group (UBN, SBN). These results suggest a differential modulation of individual and environmental factors on different attentional processing networks.Cognitive Development; Attentional Networks; Effortful Control; Maternal Mental Health; Sociodemographic Predictors.
Agent-Centered Decision Making in Normal and Abnormal Cognition
Authors: Podell Kenneth , Funk Brent A. , Golberg Elkhonon 
Published: October 2024

Much of human cognition is “agent-centered,” subjective, and in that sense relative, directed at deciding, “What is best for me”. This is very different from “veridical” cognition, directed at finding an objectively correct solution inherent in the task and independent of the agent. The frontal lobes in particular are central to agent-centered decision making. Yet very little is available in the arsenal of cognitive paradigms used in the cognitive neuroscience research and in clinical neuropsychology test design to examine “agent-centered” decision making. Current paradigms and tests used to measure decision making clinically and experimentally are veridical in nature and as such miss the essence of “agent-centered” cognition. The dearth of “agent-centered” cognitive paradigms severely limits our ability to understand fully the function and dysfunction of the frontal lobes. The Cognitive Bias Task (CBT) is an agent-centered paradigm designed to fill this gap. CBT has been used as a cognitive activation task in fMRI, SPECT, and EEG, as well as in studies of normal development, addiction, dementia, focal lesions, and schizophrenia. This resulted in a range of findings that eluded more traditional “veridical” paradigms and are reviewed here. Key Words: Decision Making; Cognitive Bias Task; Cognition La Toma de Decisiones Centrada en el Agente en la Cognición Normal y Anormal: Gran parte de la cognición humana está "centrada en el agente", es subjetiva, y en ese sentido, está dirigida a decidir: "¿Qué es lo mejor para mí?". Esta es una perspectiva muy diferente a la de la cognición "verídica", que está más dirigida a encontrar una solución objetivamente correcta, inherente a la tarea, e independiente del agente. Los lóbulos frontales, en particular, son fundamentales para la toma de decisiones "centrada en el agente". Sin embargo, existen pocos paradigmas cognitivos en el marco de la neurociencia cognitiva y de la neuropsicología clínica, que se hayan diseñado para evaluar la toma de decisiones "centrada en el agente". Los paradigmas actuales y las pruebas utilizadas para medir la toma de decisiones clínica y experimentalmente son "verídicos" en su naturaleza y, por lo mismo, no son adecuados para la evaluación de la cognición "centrada en el agente". La escasez de paradigmas "centrados en el agente" limita severamente nuestra capacidad de entender plenamente la función y la disfunción de los lóbulos frontales. Al respecto, la Tarea de Sesgo Cognitivo (o Cognitive Bias Task, CBT) es un paradigma "centrado en el agente" diseñado para llenar este vacío. La CBT se ha utilizado como una tarea de activación cognitiva en estudios de IRMf, SPECT y EEG, así como en estudios del desarrollo normal, adicciones, demencia, lesiones focales, y esquizofrenia. Consecuentemente, se han obtenido hallazgos que evitan algunas de las limitaciones de los paradigmas más tradiciones, "verídicos", y que se revisan en este artículo. Palabras claves: Toma de Decisiones; Tarea Con Preferencia Cognitiva; Cognición
Factores Socioculturales en la Valoración Neuropsicológica
Authors: Ostrosky Feggy , Lozano Gutiérrez Asucena 
Published: October 2024

Actualmente los profesionales de la salud se enfrentan a un gran número de pacientes provenientes de grupos étnicos y culturales diferentes al propio. Es por esto que dentro del campo de la Neuropsicología hay una necesidad de realizar evaluaciones y diagnósticos confiables y culturalmente adecuados. El contar con conocimientos acerca de cómo influyen los factores de edad, escolaridad y cultura hacen posible que la evaluación neuropsicológica sea confiable y objetiva y así se pueda obtener un diagnóstico adecuado. El objetivo de esta revisión es analizar los efectos de los factores principales que influyen en la evaluación neuropsicológica y presentar las características de tres instrumentos de evaluación para población hispanohablante que han sido desarrollados tomando en cuenta estos aspectos. Palabras claves: Evaluación Neuropsicológica; Cultura; Edad; Escolaridad. Sociocultural factors in neuropsychological assessment: Healthcare professionals are now faced with a growing number of patients from different ethnic groups, and from different socio-economic backgrounds. In neuropsychology there is an increasing need of reliable and culturally fair assessment measures. Knowledge about variables that affect neuropsychological functioning such as age, education and culture allows both an objective assessment and an accurate diagnosis. The purpose of this review is to analyze the main variables that affect neuropsychological assessment and to describe a series of neuropsychological tests that may minimize current weaknesses in the cognitive assessment of Spanish speakers. Key Words: Neuropsychological Assessment; Age; Education; Culture.