bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Change of Quantitative of HBeAg Can Predict the Efficacy of Peg-IFN-α 2a in HBeAgpositive CHB Patients
Authors: Ji Yong-jian , Ren Wan-hua , Li Fei-fei , Fang Jian-ting , Sun Xi-zhen , Qin Cheng-yong 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Objective To investigate the quantitation of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) at week 24 in predicting the efficacy of pegylated-interferon alfa-2a (Peg-IFN-α 2a) in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients at week 48 and to find a useful predictor for treatment efficacy and investigate individualized treatment of antiviral therapy.
Methods Ninety-six HBeAg-positive CHB patients with detectable HBeAg who were treated with Peg-IFN-α 2a were enrolled in this trial. They were categorized into 3 groups according to the changes of HBeAg in week 24: HBeAg decline > 2 log10 group (group A), HBeAg decline between 1 1og10 - 2 log10 (group B), HBeAg decline < 1 log10 group (group C), and group C was randomly distributed into C1 and C2. The patients in group A, group B, and group C1 continued the original therapy and the patients in group C2 were given lamivudine plus Peg-IFN-α 2a for 24 weeks. At week 48, the treatment efficacy and hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA (HBV cccDNA) in liver biopsies were analyzed.
Results At week 48, mean reduction of serum HBV DNA: group A: 5.8 log10 copies/ml, group B: 3.8 log10 copies/ml, group C1: 2.8 log10 copies/ml, group C2: 5.7 log10 copies/ml, the reduction of HBV DNA in group A was greater than groups B and C1 (P < 0.01), that in group C1 was greater than group C2 (P < 0.01), the difference between groups B and C1 had no statistical significance (P = 0.19). Mean reduction of HBeAg: group A: 2.7 log10S/CO, group B: 1.9 log10S/CO, group C1: 0.9 log10S/CO, group C2: 1.5 log10S/CO, the difference among groups A, B and C1 and between groups C1 and C2 were statistically significant (P < 0.01). At week 48, HBV DNA undetectable rate in group A, group B, group C1 and group C2 were 87.5%, 34.5%, 17.4% and 81.9%, respectively, the rate in group A was greater than groups B and C1 (P < 0.01)，that in group C1 was greater than group C2 (P < 0.01). HBeAg seroconversion rate were 75.0%, 24.1%, 13.0% and 22.7%, respectively, that in group A was greater than groups B and C1 (P < 0.01). Group A had lower cccDNA in liver tissue than group B and group C1 (P < 0.01). The difference of HBV cccDNA between groups B and C1 and that between groups C1 and C2 had no statistical significance.
Conclusions HBeAg decline > 2 log10 at week 24 in Peg-IFN-α 2a-treated hepatitis B patients suggested a better efficacy at week 48; HBeAg decline < 2 log10 at week 24 suggests a worse efficacy at week 48, the combined therapy of Peg-IFN-α and lamivudine could improve the clinical responses. The change of quantitative of HBeAg at week 24 may be used as a predictor of treatment effects at week 48.
View Point on Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome
Authors: Ye Ji-bin , Hu Chuan-Song , Li Tai-Sheng , Fang Li 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), a new disease of zoonotic natural foci has been increasing in recent years. In this review, the disease of human granulocytic anaplasmosis infection due to tickborne and new Bunia virus infection, have similar clinical symptoms. Total of 11 articles were retrieved. The emergence, etiology, nomenclature and pathogenic mechanisms, clinical diagnosis and genotyping of SFTS were summarized, and the current situation of treatment was also evaluated. In conclusion, early detection, identification and treatment are the key points to SFTS, but how to reduce the mortality of critically ill patients is still the focus in the future.
The Treatment of Tacrolimus (FK506) for Psoriasis: One Case Report and Literature Analysis
Authors: Cao Wei-gang , Qiu Bao-an 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic recurrent inflammatory dermatosis, which is characterized by epidermal proliferation and erythema scales. Its etiology and pathogenesis are still unknown and treatment is difficult. The concentration of tacrolimus for the treatment of psoriasis has not been reported at home and abroad. In this report, we detected the tacrolimus plasma concentration and hope to provide a certain reference value for the clinical treatment of psoriasis.
The Pathogenesis of Acute on Chronic Hepatitis B Liver Failure
Authors: Chi Zhao-chun , Dong Quan-jiang , Geng Chang-xin 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a characteristic clinical liver syndrome, which should be differentiated from acute liver failure, acute decompensated liver cirrhosis and chronic liver failure. The pathogenesis of ACLF is not fully understood yet. Viral factors and immune injury have been reported to be the two major pathogenesis. This paper reviewed the researches on the pathogenesis of acute on chronic hepatitis B liver failure in recent years, to provide theoretical basis for prompt and accurate diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome. This would benefit for the prognosis and raise the survival rate of patients.
Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of 28 Cases of Cholera
Authors: Bao Zhong-ying , Ming Xiao , Yuan Xiao-dong , Duan Shu-hong 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The data of 35 246 patients with intestinal diseases were retrospectively analyzed, 28 cases of cholera patients were screened in 17 years, of which 23 cases had suspicious unclean food history, 10 cases were migrant workers, 8 cases had history of coastal city tour in one week. All of the 28 patients were positive for Vibrio cholerae culture, 19 cases were identified as O1 serotype Ogawa and 6 were identified as O1 serotype Inaba, 3 were identified as O139. Twenty-three patients were mild, five cases were moderate, patients with severe diseases were not found. It was found in this study that O1 serotype Vibrio cholerae was still dominant, 82% of cholera patients were mild cases. Tourists who had a incompletely heated seafood intake history and migrant people are susceptible to cholera.
Acute Onset Pancreatitis in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy in HBV Carrier Women Taking Telbivudine for Blocking Mother-to-Infant Transmission
Authors: Xiong Hao-feng , Liu Jing-yuan , Cai Hao-dong , Cheng Jun 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy (APIP) is rare and the reasons for APIP are biliary disease and congenital or acquired hypertriglyceridemia, which could occur during any trimester but more than 50% cases happened during the third trimester. In this report, one case of a young pregnant woman, a HBV carrier in her 37th week + 5 d of gestation, was admitted to Emergency Department due to acute abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea. The patient was in antiretroviral treatment with telbivudine from 28 weeks of gestation to prevent motherto- child transmission of HBV. Laboratory tests demonstrated hypertriglyceridemia, abdominal computed tomography scan revealed peripancreatic edema. Hyperlipidemic pancreatitits was primary diagnosed and the patient was admitted to the intensive care unit. Considering the possible role in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis, telbivudine was interrupted after birth giving. After supportive treatment, her condition gradually improved. Since it is the first description of APIP during treatment with telbivudine, the association between pregnancy, hyperlipidemia, telbivudine and acute pancreatitis has been well investigated.
A Retrospective Study of Continuous Renal Therapy and Anticoagulation in Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome
Authors: Du Hong , Li Jing , Yu Hai-tao , Jiang Wei , Zhang Ye , Wang Jun-ning , Wang Ping-zhong , Bai Xue-fan 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Objective To observe the application of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and heparin anticoagulation in patients with HFRS, and to explore a more suitable anticoagulant strategy.
Methods Eighty-five severe-type patients (severe group) and 71 critical-type patients (critical group) were enrolled in this study. The frequency of CRRT was compared between the two groups; the frequency of CRRT treated with and without heparin anticoagulation and the frequency of hemorrhage and channel blood clotting induced by the two anticoagulant strategies were observed.
Results The frequency of CRRT in the critical group was higher than that in the severe group (P ＜ 0.001). The frequency of CRRT initiated during the overlapping phases in the critical group was significantly higher than that of the severe group (P = 0.032). The total times of CRRT was 103, and 70 of them were treated with heparin anticoagulation. The frequencies of hemorrhage induced by heparin anticoagulation and no heparinization were 16 and 0, respectively, and the frequencies of channel blood clotting were 2 and 4, respectively.
Conclusions CRRT has been used extensively in the critical-type patients with HFRS. The heparin anticoagulation and no anticoagulant strategies should be used more rationally in patients treated with CRRT, according to the clinical characteristics of the disease.
Correlation of Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma with HBV Genotypes, Subgenotypes and Gene Mutations in Gansu Province
Authors: Zhang Wen-jie , Li Zhao-xia , Mi Deng-hai , Li Jing , Yang Jian-jun , Mao Wei-wu , Gong Yan-xuan , Qu Yan 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Objective To investigate the occurrence of basal core promoter (BCP) and pre-C mutations in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Gansu Province, China, and to analyze the correlation of HBV mutation and HBV genotype with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods PCR-RFLP was applied to detect HBV subgenotypes, and the presence of the pre-C and BCP mutations in 62 patients with HCC, 70 patients with hepatitis B induced liver cirrhosis (LC) and 90 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).
Results In HCC patients, genotype C was the major genotype (70.97%). The pre-C mutation was found in 59.68%, 31.43% and 16.67% patients with HCC, LC and CHB, respectively. The frequency of BCP mutations was significantly different between patients with HCC, LC and CHB (74.19%, 51.43% and 37.78%, respectively; X2=30.727, 19.540, respectively, P < 0.01). Patients in HCC group had a higher incidence of pre-C as well as BCP mutations compared to the other groups. The prevalence of pre-C and BCP mutations was significantly higher in patients with genotype C1 (44.32% and 69.32%, respectively) compared to patients with other subgenotypes (P < 0.05).
Conclusions The incidence of pre-C and BCP mutations increases with disease progression. Pre-C and BCP mutations frequently occur in patients with genotype C1. HBV genotype C, pre-C mutations and BCP mutations are closely related to the occurrence of HCC.
An Analysis of Epidemiological Characteristics and the Clinical Features of 394 Cases of Sporadic Acute Hepatitis E in Southwest China from 2008 to 2010
Authors: Li Hui , Yang Xiao-Dong , Yang Yong-Rui , Gao Si-Yuan , Tian De-Ying , Yuan Quan 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Background and Aims Recently, epidemiology studies of hepatitis E in different areas are attracted more attention. Extensive studies of prevalent status and clinical manifestations could help us to broaden our knowledge, so as to excellently prevent and treat hepatitis E. The study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of 394 cases of sporadic acute hepatitis E (AHE) in Southwest of China from 2008 to 2010.
Methods The clinical data of 394 cases with sporadic AHE in Southwest of China from 2008 to 2010 were reviewed.
Results In the 394 cases with sporadic AHE, the ratio of male/female was 1.432 : 1, and the mean age was (31.53 ± 18.12) years. Totally, 94 (23.86%) patients aged under 18, 271 (68.78%) patients aged between 18 and 60, and 29 (7.36%) patients aged above 60. The incidence rate was significantly increased in summer (P = 0.000), especially in May (14.72%) and July (13.71%). In addition, the characteristics of occupation and ethnic group distribution were migrant laborers (106/394, 26.90%) and Han people (365/394, 92.64%). The length of stay, incidence of jaundice, the peak value of total bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase in male patients were all higher than those in female patients significantly (P < 0.05). The prolonged length of stay, decreased levels of ALT/ALB/CHE, increased levels of TBil, and increased incidence of jaundice and fatigue were associated with older age significantly (P < 0.05). The differences in peak values of total bilirubin (TBil), total bile acid (TBA), glutamyltransferase (GGT), cholinesterase (CHE) between AHE group and the groups of AHE accompanied respectively by chronic hepatitis B (CHB), acute alcoholic fatty liver (AFL), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were significant (P < 0.05). In addition, no significant difference was found in length of stay and biochemical indexes among anti-HEV-IgG positive group, anti-HEV-IgM positive group and anti- HEV-IgM/IgG both positive group (P > 0.05).
Conclusions Four epidemiological characteristics, including aged between 18 and 60, male, summer and migrant laborers, are found to be associated with acute hepatitis E. The prognosis of AHE in the majority of patients was favorable, but aged above 60 years and coexistence with CHB, AFL and NAFLD could be considerede as the factors inducing the infaust prognosis.
Analysis of Tuberculosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in HIV/TB Co-infected Patients During HAART
Authors: Zhou Yang , Wang Hui , Li Sha-xi , Yang Gui-lin , Liu Ying-xia 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Objectives To investigate the clinical features of tuberculosis (TB)-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) in patients co-infected with HIV/TB or latent infection during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
Methods HIV-infected patients treated in the Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, China between March 2012 and March 2013 were recruited, and divided into 3 groups: 1) HIV/TB co-infection group (n = 50), 2) HIV/ MTB latent infection group (n = 50), and 3) HIV infection group (n = 50), with 12-month follow-up. Patients in the HIV/TB co-infection group were treated with HAART 2 weeks after TB therapy. Patients were assessed at different time-points.
Results The incidence and mortality rates of TB-IRIS were 40% and 10% in the HIV/TB co-infected patients, and 2% (and no mortality) in the HIV/MTB group. The HIV infected group did not display TB-IRIS or death. About 95% HIV/TB co-infected patients were 20-39 years old when TB-IRIS occurred, and 65% of the patients developed TB-IRIS 2 weeks after HAART. For the co-infection group, those with TB-IRIS (20/20, 100%) had fever, with a significantly higher incidence than those who did not develop TB-IRIS (6.7%, 2/30, P < 0.05). The patients with TB-IRIS in co-infection group displayed markedly higher clinical biochemical markers, acute phase reactants, increased CD4+ cell counts, and 2 log10-decreases of HIV RNA loads, compared with the patients not presenting with TB-IRIS (P < 0.05).
Conclusion HIV/TB co-infected patients presented with a high-risk of developing TB-IRIS during HAART treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment could decrease mortality rates in TB-IRIS.
The rtA181 Mutation Produces Similar Clinical and Cellular Characteristics in Patients infected with Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes B and C
Authors: Li Ping , Xiong Xi , Zhang Xin , Yang Zhi-guo , Gao Lei , Wang Mao-rong 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Objective to investigate the association between HBV genotypes and characteristics of rtA181 mutation.
Methods Total of 85 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients who appeared rtA181 mutation after nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) therapy were enrolled in this study. Levels of serum ALT, AST, HBV DNA and HBsAg titers were monitored during therapy. HBV reverse transcriptase genes were amplified and sequenced to identify genotypes and resistance mutations. Virions and HBsAg in HepG2 cell with rtA181 mutation were also compared between genotypes B and C.
Results The majority of sera contained HBV genotypes B (15.7%) and C (84.3%). There were no significant difference of rtA181 mutant patterns between genotypes (P > 0.05). After emergence of rtA181 mutation, serum ALT, AST, HBV DNA levels and HBsAg titers were decreased than that at baseline (P < 0.05), while these characteristics were not different between genotypes B and C (P > 0.05). In cellular experiment, there were no significant differences between genotypes B and C not only in HBV virions but also in HBsAg titres (P > 0.05).
Conclusions No differences of clinical characteristics and cellular results were found in rtA181 mutation of HBV genotypes B and C.
Application of Structural Equation Model to Evaluate the Perception of Service Quality of Medical Staffs of Infectious Disease Department in Chinese Hospitals
Authors: Li Min , Cai Ren-tian , Huang Cheng-yu 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Objective To enhance the quality of medical service for Chinese patients through research of service quality from Chinese medical personnel.
Methods ServQual scale was used for infection medical staffs randomly by sampling questionnaire in Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu, Chongqing, Guangzhou and Nanning. The data collected were entered and analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Statistical methods included frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, independent samples t test, one-way analyses of variance, simultaneous regression analysis and structural equation model analysis.
Results The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value for the factor analysis of the scale was 0.970. The Cronbach’s α for the reliability analysis was 0.975. The Pearson correlation coefficients were 0.624-0.874 and statistically significant. Undergraduates felt good, PhD students felt bad; the doctors felt bad; managers felt good. Standard 5 dimensions of the regression coefficients were positive, including empathy (β = 0.288), reliability (β = 0.241) impacting on perceived service quality mostly. The control ability and stability of the standard error of perceived service quality directly effected value were 0.646 and 0.382, respectively.
Conclusions Medical staffs of infectious disease department have poor perception of service quality. Hospitals should improve awareness and of clinicians and deepen the reform of the medical care system.
Reviews of Research on Risk Factors of Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: Meng Chao , Li Na , Tong Zhaoxiao , Yan Huangxin , Min Shenxiao 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Viral hepatitis C is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in the world and may cause serious hepatic diseases in the future. Hepatitis C-infected people account for approximately 2% to 3% of the world’s population. The main causes of hepatitis C infection in developing countries are unsafe medical injection and contaminated blood and blood products; whereas in developed countries, it is mainly caused by injection, drug abuse, and high-risk sexual behavior. The focus of hepatitis C prevention and control should be placed on safer blood supply, safer health care and related unnecessary injection, reduction of injection drug use, and high-risk sexual behavior because effective vaccine and postexposure prophylaxis are not yet available.
Research progress on influencing factors of hospital infection and prevention and control measures
Authors: He Wenlong , Meng Lingbo , Wang Yaogang 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Hospital infections are associated with the emergence of hospitals. As the understanding of hospital infections deepen and prevention and control measures improve, hospital infections have become manageable. In recent years, affected by the increase in invasive treatment technology, antimicrobial abuse, and other factors, the control of hospital infection has encountered new problems. This paper reviews the influencing factors of hospital infections and their prevention and control measures.
Menarche as a predictor of risk-taking behavior in a sample of Hungarian adolescent girls
Authors: Varga-Tóth Andrea , Maróti-Nagy Ágnes , Németh Gábor , Paulik Edit 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Background
The age at the time of the first sexual intercourse is declining, and the prevalence of smoking is increasing in adolescent girls in developed countries.

Objective
To assess the relationship between menarche and tobacco smoking and sexual activity in adolescent girls.

Subjects
Girls between 14 and 18 years, attending primary or secondary school.

Methods
Socio-demographic characteristics (age, living place, educational level of parents, self-estimated financial background), onset and parameters of periods, and risk behaviors (smoking, sexual activity) were measured by self-administered questionnaires. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between tobacco use and sexual activity and socio-demographic characteristics, menarche and presence of other risk behaviors.

Results
Adolescent girls who had an earlier onset of their periods were about twice as likely to smoke as girls with later onset of their first period [odds ratio (OR): 2.28, confidence interval (CI): 1.14–4.55]. Being sexually active meant more than 7-fold odds of being a regular tobacco user (OR: 7.24, CI: 4.39–11.94). Regarding sexual activity, increasing age (OR: 4.42, CI: 3.45–5.67) and regular smoking (OR: 7.07, CI: 4.24–11.80) increased, while poor financial status decreased (OR: 0.35, CI: 0.13–0.97) the odds of being sexually active.

Conclusion
In light of these findings, the reconsideration of health and sexual education in Hungary is needed. Implementation of these programs at an earlier age should be desirable to avoid unfavorable consequences, such as early pregnancy.
Field assessment of surge and continuous furrow irrigation methods in relation to tillage systems
Authors: Mattar Mohamed A. , El-Saadawy Mohamed A. , Helmy Mamdouh A. , Sorour Hussien M. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Surge flow irrigation is one of the irrigation techniques for controlling furrow irrigation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of surge furrow irrigation on water management compared with continuous irrigation for different tillage systems. An experimental field was treated with various tillage systems (mouldboard plough, chisel plough and rotary plough) and water irrigation application methods (continuous flow, control) in which irrigation water was applied continuously, and surge flow (3-surges, 4-surges and 5-surges) in which irrigation water was applied intermittently until it reached the tail end of the furrow. The results showed that water savings obtained using the surge technique were 18.58, 11.84 and 18.93% lower water use than with continuous flow, for the mouldboard, chisel and rotary ploughs, respectively. The 3-surges treatment with the rotary plough reduced the advance time by 25.36% from that for continuous irrigation. The 4-surges treatment with the mouldboard plough had the highest water application efficiency (88.13%). The 3-surges treatment with the rotary plough had the highest distribution uniformity (85.01%). The rotary plough did not cause as much soil aeration around the root system as the other tillage systems. The field research provided information about surge flow, aimed at reducing advance times and increasing irrigation efficiency.