bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monocular denervation of visual nuclei modulates APP processing and sAPPα production: A possible role on neural plasticity
Authors: Vasques Juliana Ferreira , Heringer Pedro Vinícius Bastos , de Jesus Gonçalves Renata Guedes , Campello‐Costa Paula , Serfaty Claudio Alberto , Faria‐Melibeu Adriana da Cunha 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAmyloid precursor protein (APP) is essential to physiological processes such as synapse formation and neural plasticity. Sequential proteolysis of APP by beta‐ and gamma‐secretases generates amyloid‐beta peptide (Aβ), the main component of senile plaques in Alzheimer Disease. Alternative APP cleavage by alpha‐secretase occurs within Aβ domain, releasing soluble α‐APP (sAPPα), a neurotrophic fragment. Among other functions, sAPPα is important to synaptogenesis, neural survival and axonal growth. APP and sAPPα levels are increased in models of neuroplasticity, which suggests an important role for APP and its metabolites, especially sAPPα, in the rearranging brain. In this work we analyzed the effects of monocular enucleation (ME), a classical model of lesion‐induced plasticity, upon APP content, processing and also in secretases levels. Besides, we addressed whether α‐secretase activity is crucial for retinotectal remodeling after ME. Our results showed that ME induced a transient reduction in total APP content. We also detected an increase in α‐secretase expression and in sAPP production concomitant with a reduction in Aβ and β‐secretase contents. These data suggest that ME facilitates APP processing by the non‐amyloidogenic pathway, increasing sAPPα levels. Indeed, the pharmacological inhibition of α‐secretase activity reduced the axonal sprouting of ipsilateral retinocollicular projections from the intact eye after ME, suggesting that sAPPα is necessary for synaptic structural rearrangement. Understanding how APP processing is regulated under lesion conditions may provide new insights into APP physiological role on neural plasticity.
Brassica aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) populations are conditioned by climatic variables and parasitism level: a study case of Triângulo Mineiro, Brazil
Authors: Sampaio M.V. , Korndörfer A.P. , Pujade-Villar J. , Hubaide J.E.A. , Ferreira S.E. , Arantes S.O. , Bortoletto D.M. , Guimarães C.M. , Sánchez-Espigares J.A. , Caballero-López B. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCosmopolitan pests such asBrevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis pseudobrassicae, andMyzus persicae(Aphididae) cause significant damage to Brassicaceae crops. Assessment of the important biotic and abiotic factors that regulate these pests is an essential step in the development of effective Integrated Pest Management programs for these aphids. This study evaluated the influence of leaf position, precipitation, temperature, and parasitism on populations ofL. pseudobrassicae, M. persicae, andB. brassicaein collard greens fields in the Triângulo Mineiro region (Minas Gerais state), Brazil. Similar numbers ofB. brassicaewere found on all parts of the collard green plants, whereasM. persicaeandL. pseudobrassicaewere found in greatest numbers on the middle and lower parts of the plant. While temperature and precipitation were positively related to aphid population size, their effects were not accumulative, as indicated by a negative interaction term. AlthoughDiaeretiella rapaewas the main parasitoid of these aphids, hyperparasitism was dominant; the main hyperparasitoid species recovered from plant samples wasAlloxysta fuscicornis. Parasitoids seem to have similar distributions on plants as their hosts. These results may help predict aphid outbreaks and gives clues for specific intra-plant locations when searching for and monitoring aphid populations.
NON-AFFINE HOPF ALGEBRA DOMAINS OF GELFAND–KIRILLOV DIMENSION TWO
Authors: GOODEARL K. R. , ZHANG J. J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe classify all non-affine Hopf algebras H over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic zero that are integral domains of Gelfand–Kirillov dimension two and satisfy the condition Ext1H(k, k) ≠ 0. The affine ones were classified by the authors in 2010 (Goodearl and Zhang, J. Algebra324 (2010), 3131–3168).
NON-NEGATIVE DEFORMATIONS OF WEIGHTED HOMOGENEOUS SINGULARITIES
Authors: NUÑO-BALLESTEROS J. J. , ORÉFICE-OKAMOTO B. , TOMAZELLA J. N. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe consider a weighted homogeneous germ of complex analytic variety (X, 0) ⊂ (ℂn, 0) and a function germ f : (ℂn, 0) → (ℂ, 0). We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for some deformations to have non-negative degree (i.e., for any additional term in the deformation, the weighted degree is not smaller) in terms of an adapted version of the relative Milnor number. We study the cases where (X, 0) is an isolated hypersurface singularity and the invariant is the Bruce-Roberts number of f with respect to (X, 0), and where (X, 0) is an isolated complete intersection or a curve singularity and the invariant is the Milnor number of the germ f: (X, 0) → ℂ. In the last part, we give some formulas for the invariants in terms of the weights and the degrees of the polynomials.
Post-stapedectomy granuloma: a devastating complication
Authors: Watts E , Powell H R F , Saeed S R , Irving R M 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectives:This paper reports three cases of severe post-stapedectomy granuloma, emphasising the variable presentation of this devastating complication and the challenges of its management.Methods:A retrospective review was conducted of three cases of post-stapedectomy granuloma requiring surgical debulking between 2010 and 2015. Clinical symptoms, serial imaging, histopathology and post-operative outcomes were considered.Results:Intra-operatively, extensive granulation tissue with erosion of the otic capsule was found. There was spread along the VIIth and VIIIth cranial nerves to the cochlear nucleus in one patient. Post-operative clinical improvement was demonstrable, corroborated by diminution of contrast enhancement on serial magnetic resonance imaging. Facial nerve function recovered, tinnitus amelioration was variable and some otalgia persisted. Post-operative complications included grade IV facial weakness and latePseudomonas aeruginosameningitis, which all resolved.Conclusion:To the authors’ knowledge, this paper reports the only case of post-stapedectomy granuloma tracking to the brainstem. Otalgia was present in all our cases, and may be deemed a red flag symptom of progressive bony destruction and otic capsule involvement. Although granuloma remains rare, it should be considered in any patient with worsening otological symptoms following stapes surgery.
Itaipu's Forgotten History: The 1965 Brazil–Paraguay Border Crisis and the New Geopolitics of the Southern Cone
Authors: BLANC JACOB 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis article chronicles the fifteen-month border conflict between the military regimes of Brazil and Paraguay that occurred between March of 1965 and June of 1966 – a stand-off that paved the way for the Itaipu project that would become the largest dam in the world. In the context of the 1960s Cold War, both governments saw a large-scale dam on the Paraná River as a means to catalyse industrialisation and strengthen the political legitimacy of their respective authoritarian regimes. Yet the border crisis was not a stand-off between equal powers. Brazil was the much stronger force, and, with the backing of the United States, the Brazilian dictatorship brought Paraguay firmly under its sphere of influence while also marginalising neighbouring Argentina. The border question at Guaíra served as a springboard for Brazil's rising power, and subsequently transformed the geopolitical landscape of the Southern Cone.
Gaussian distribution of short sums of trace functions over finite fields
Authors: PERRET–GENTIL CORENTIN 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe show that under certain general conditions, short sums of ℓ-adic trace functions over finite fields follow a normal distribution asymptotically when the origin varies, generalising results of Erdős–Davenport, Mak–Zaharescu and Lamzouri. In particular, this applies to exponential sums arising from Fourier transforms such as Kloosterman sums or Birch sums, as we can deduce from the works of Katz. By approximating the moments of traces of random matrices in monodromy groups, a quantitative version can be given as in Lamzouri's article, exhibiting a different phenomenon than the averaging from the central limit theorem.
The ϒ function ofL–space knots is a Legendre transform
Authors: BORODZIK MACIEJ , HEDDEN MATTHEW 
Published: March 2017

AbstractGiven anL–space knot we show that its ϒ function is the Legendre transform of a counting function equivalent to thed–invariants of its large surgeries. The unknotting obstruction obtained for the ϒ function is, in the case ofL–space knots, contained in thed–invariants of large surgeries. Generalisations apply for connected sums ofL–space knots, which imply that the slice obstruction provided by ϒ on the subgroup of concordance generated byL–space knots is no finer than that provided by thed–invariants.
An Operatic Locarno: The Paris Premiere of Smetana’sThe Bartered Brideand Czechoslovak-French Cultural Diplomacy
Authors: Campo-Bowen Christopher 
Published: March 2017

AbstractOn 26 October 1928 Paris was witness to a gala opera performance some sixty years in the making: the city’s first staging of Bedřich Smetana’sThe Bartered Bride(1866). Organised under the auspices of the Czechoslovak embassy, joined with the tenth anniversary celebrations for the foundation of the First Czechoslovak Republic, and promoted as a marker of French-Czechoslovak cultural ties, the event constituted a triumph for Czech opera in one of the interwar period’s most important European cultural centres. The Paris premiere ofThe Bartered Brideallows for a detailed examination of two distinct but interconnected issues: the status of Smetana’s opera as political, ideological and national symbol for the nascent Czechoslovak state, and the diplomatic relationship between interwar France and Czechoslovakia.
DENSIDAD POBLACIONAL EN LA CAPITAL OLMECA DE SAN LORENZO, VERACRUZ
Authors: Arieta Baizabal Virginia , Cyphers Ann 
Published: March 2017

RESUMENEn los últimos años los análisis de densidad poblacional y distribución espacial conforman temas medulares sobre el desarrollo de las sociedades. Una manera de abordar estos temas en la capital olmeca de San Lorenzo, Veracruz, gira en torno al análisis y la interpretación de las pruebas de barreno realizadas de manera sistemática e intensiva. El presente estudio permitió reconstruir el número y tamaño de las estructuras arquitectónicas ubicadas en los diversos sectores del sitio y, a partir de éstos, estimar el número total de pobladores en el asentamiento con el fin de llegar a inferir tendencias en el desarrollo de la primera capital olmeca.
Simultaneous total cavopulmonary connection and cardiac re-synchronisation therapy
Authors: Nakanishi Keisuke , Kawasaki Shiori , Amano Atsushi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe report the simultaneous use of cardiac re-synchronisation therapy and total cavopulmonary connection in a patient with dyssynchrony, wide QRS, and cardiac failure. To our knowledge, this simultaneous approach has not been reported previously. On follow-up, we noted that QRS width and brain natriuretic peptide levels improved. In addition, speckle tracking revealed improved synchronisation of ventricular wall motion.
The growing disconnect between food prices and wages in Europe: cross-national analysis of food deprivation and welfare regimes in twenty-one EU countries, 2004–2012
Authors: Reeves Aaron , Loopstra Rachel , Stuckler David 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveFood insecurity has been rising across Europe following the Great Recession, but to varying degrees across countries and over time. The reasons for this increase are not well understood, nor are what factors might protect people’s access to food. Here we test the hypothesis that an emerging gap between food prices and wages can explain increases in reported inability to afford protein-rich foods and whether welfare regimes can mitigate its impact.DesignWe collected data in twenty-one countries from 2004 to 2012 using two databases: (i) on food prices and deprivation related to food (denoted by reported inability to afford to eat meat, chicken, fish or a vegetarian equivalent every second day) from EuroStat 2015 edition; and (ii) on wages from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2015 edition.ResultsAfter adjusting for macroeconomic factors, we found that each 1 % rise in the price of food over and above wages was associated with greater self-reported food deprivation (β=0·060, 95 % CI 0·030, 0·090), particularly among impoverished groups. However, this association also varied across welfare regimes. In Eastern European welfare regimes, a 1 % rise in the price of food over wages was associated with a 0·076 percentage point rise in food deprivation (95 % CI 0·047, 0·105) while in Social Democratic welfare regimes we found no clear association (P=0·864).ConclusionsRising prices of food coupled with stagnating wages are a major factor driving food deprivation, especially in deprived groups; however, our evidence indicates that more generous welfare systems can mitigate this impact.
Polymeric mechanical amplifiers of immune cytokine-mediated apoptosis
Authors: Mitchell Michael J. , Webster Jamie , Chung Amanda , Guimarães Pedro P. G. , Khan Omar F. , Langer Robert 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPhysical forces affect tumour growth, progression and metastasis. Here, we develop polymeric mechanical amplifiers that exploit in vitro and in vivo physical forces to increase immune cytokine-mediated tumour cell apoptosis. Mechanical amplifiers, consisting of biodegradable polymeric particles tethered to the tumour cell surface via polyethylene glycol linkers, increase the apoptotic effect of an immune cytokine on tumour cells under fluid shear exposure by as much as 50% compared with treatment under static conditions. We show that targeted polymeric particles delivered to tumour cells in vivo amplify the apoptotic effect of a subsequent treatment of immune cytokine, reduce circulating tumour cells in blood and overall tumour cell burden by over 90% and reduce solid tumour growth in combination with the antioxidant resveratrol. The work introduces a potentially new application for a broad range of micro- and nanoparticles to maximize receptor-mediated signalling and function in the presence of physical forces.
Optical imaging of localized chemical events using programmable diamond quantum nanosensors
Authors: Rendler Torsten , Neburkova Jitka , Zemek Ondrej , Kotek Jan , Zappe Andrea , Chu Zhiqin , Cigler Petr , Wrachtrup Jörg 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDevelopment of multifunctional nanoscale sensors working under physiological conditions enables monitoring of intracellular processes that are important for various biological and medical applications. By attaching paramagnetic gadolinium complexes to nanodiamonds (NDs) with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres through surface engineering, we developed a hybrid nanoscale sensor that can be adjusted to directly monitor physiological species through a proposed sensing scheme based on NV spin relaxometry. We adopt a single-step method to measure spin relaxation rates enabling time-dependent measurements on changes in pH or redox potential at a submicrometre-length scale in a microfluidic channel that mimics cellular environments. Our experimental data are reproduced by numerical simulations of the NV spin interaction with gadolinium complexes covering the NDs. Considering the versatile engineering options provided by polymer chemistry, the underlying mechanism can be expanded to detect a variety of physiologically relevant species and variables.
Chd7 is indispensable for mammalian brain development through activation of a neuronal differentiation programme
Authors: Feng Weijun , Kawauchi Daisuke , Körkel-Qu Huiqin , Deng Huan , Serger Elisabeth , Sieber Laura , Lieberman Jenna Ariel , Jimeno-González Silvia , Lambo Sander , Hanna Bola S. , Harim Yassin , Jansen Malin , Neuerburg Anna , Friesen Olga , Zuckermann Marc , Rajendran Vijayanad , Gronych Jan , Ayrault Olivier , Korshunov Andrey , Jones David T. W. , Kool Marcel , Northcott Paul A. , Lichter Peter , Cortés-Ledesma Felipe , Pfister Stefan M. , Liu Hai-Kun 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMutations in chromatin modifier genes are frequently associated with neurodevelopmental diseases. We herein demonstrate that the chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 7 (Chd7), frequently associated with CHARGE syndrome, is indispensable for normal cerebellar development. Genetic inactivation of Chd7 in cerebellar granule neuron progenitors leads to cerebellar hypoplasia in mice, due to the impairment of granule neuron differentiation, induction of apoptosis and abnormal localization of Purkinje cells, which closely recapitulates known clinical features in the cerebella of CHARGE patients. Combinatory molecular analyses reveal that Chd7 is required for the maintenance of open chromatin and thus activation of genes essential for granule neuron differentiation. We further demonstrate that both Chd7 and Top2b are necessary for the transcription of a set of long neuronal genes in cerebellar granule neurons. Altogether, our comprehensive analyses reveal a mechanism with chromatin remodellers governing brain development via controlling a core transcriptional programme for cell-specific differentiation.
Stability and dynamics of membrane-spanning DNA nanopores
Authors: Maingi Vishal , Burns Jonathan R. , Uusitalo Jaakko J. , Howorka Stefan , Marrink Siewert J. , Sansom Mark S. P. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRecently developed DNA-based analogues of membrane proteins have advanced synthetic biology. A fundamental question is how hydrophilic nanostructures reside in the hydrophobic environment of the membrane. Here, we use multiscale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to explore the structure, stability and dynamics of an archetypical DNA nanotube inserted via a ring of membrane anchors into a phospholipid bilayer. Coarse-grained MD reveals that the lipids reorganize locally to interact closely with the membrane-spanning section of the DNA tube. Steered simulations along the bilayer normal establish the metastable nature of the inserted pore, yielding a force profile with barriers for membrane exit due to the membrane anchors. Atomistic, equilibrium simulations at two salt concentrations confirm the close packing of lipid around of the stably inserted DNA pore and its cation selectivity, while revealing localized structural fluctuations. The wide-ranging and detailed insight informs the design of next-generation DNA pores for synthetic biology or biomedicine.
The soft mechanical signature of glial scars in the central nervous system
Authors: Moeendarbary Emad , Weber Isabell P. , Sheridan Graham K. , Koser David E. , Soleman Sara , Haenzi Barbara , Bradbury Elizabeth J. , Fawcett James , Franze Kristian 
Published: March 2017

AbstractInjury to the central nervous system (CNS) alters the molecular and cellular composition of neural tissue and leads to glial scarring, which inhibits the regrowth of damaged axons. Mammalian glial scars supposedly form a chemical and mechanical barrier to neuronal regeneration. While tremendous effort has been devoted to identifying molecular characteristics of the scar, very little is known about its mechanical properties. Here we characterize spatiotemporal changes of the elastic stiffness of the injured rat neocortex and spinal cord at 1.5 and three weeks post-injury using atomic force microscopy. In contrast to scars in other mammalian tissues, CNS tissue significantly softens after injury. Expression levels of glial intermediate filaments (GFAP, vimentin) and extracellular matrix components (laminin, collagen IV) correlate with tissue softening. As tissue stiffness is a regulator of neuronal growth, our results may help to understand why mammalian neurons do not regenerate after injury.
Chemical control of the viscoelastic properties of vinylogous urethane vitrimers
Authors: Denissen Wim , Droesbeke Martijn , Nicolaÿ Renaud , Leibler Ludwik , Winne Johan M. , Du Prez Filip E. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractVinylogous urethane based vitrimers are polymer networks that have the intrinsic property to undergo network rearrangements, stress relaxation and viscoelastic flow, mediated by rapid addition/elimination reactions of free chain end amines. Here we show that the covalent exchange kinetics significantly can be influenced by combination with various simple additives. As anticipated, the exchange reactions on network level can be further accelerated using either Brønsted or Lewis acid additives. Remarkably, however, a strong inhibitory effect is observed when a base is added to the polymer matrix. These effects have been mechanistically rationalized, guided by low-molecular weight kinetic model experiments. Thus, vitrimer elastomer materials can be rationally designed to display a wide range of viscoelastic properties.
Malnutrition and non-communicable diseases among Bangladeshi women: an urban–rural comparison
Authors: Zahangir M S , Hasan M M , Richardson A , Tabassum S 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Background/Objectives:
This study aims at examining the urban–rural differentials in the effects of socioeconomic predictors on underweight and obesity of ever-married women in Bangladesh. The effect of malnutrition and other risk factors on non-communicable diseases is also examined.

Subjects/Methods:
The information regarding nutritional status, socioeconomic and demographic background, and non-communicable diseases of ever-married women was extracted from the nationally representative, cross-sectional Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS 2011) data set. Both bivariate (χ2 test) and multivariate (multinomial logistic regression model) analyses were performed in determining the risk factors of malnutrition. The effect of malnutrition and associated risk factors on non-communicable diseases was determined using binary logistic regression models.

Results:
The overall prevalence as well as the effects of individual risk factors of malnutrition differ in urban and rural settings. Regional differentials in the prevalence of underweight were statistically significant only for rural areas. In rural and urban settings, women from households with poor economic status were 67% (odds ratio (OR) 0.33, 95% CI 0.26–0.43) and 81% (OR=0.19, 95% CI 0.13–0.29) less likely to be overweight, respectively, with respect to those from affluent households. Women from the Rangpur division were significantly more likely to suffer from anemia (OR=1.41, 95% CI 1.13–1.77) and hypertension (OR=1.67, 95% CI 1.19–2.34) than those from the Sylhet division (reference division). With respect to those considered as underweight, women who were categorized as overweight were 0.47 (OR=0.53, 95% CI 0.43–0.65) times less likely to suffer from anemia, and 1.83 (OR=2.83, 95% CI 1.99–4.02) and 1.70 (OR=2.70, 95% CI 2.09–3.50) times more likely to suffer from diabetes and hypertension, respectively.

Conclusions:
Rural–urban differentials in the effects of individual risk factors of malnutrition were observed. Wealth status of households and nutritional status of women showed significant effect on the prevalence of anemia, diabetes and hypertension.