bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a method for in vivo 3D dose reconstruction in SBRT using a new transmission detector
Authors: Nakaguchi Yuji , Ono Takeshi , Maruyama Masato , Shimohigashi Yoshinobu , Kai Yudai 
Published: June 2017

AbstractStereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) involves the delivery of substantially larger doses over fewer fractions than conventional therapy. Therefore, SBRT treatments will strongly benefit patients using vivo patient dose verification, because the impact of the fraction is large. For in vivo measurements, a commercially available quality assurance (QA) system is the COMPASS system (IBA Dosimetry, Germany). For measurements, the system uses a new transmission detector (Dolphin, IBA Dosimetry). In this study, we evaluated the method for in vivo 3D dose reconstruction for SBRT using this new transmission detector. We confirmed the accuracy of COMPASS with Dolphin for SBRT using multi leaf collimator (MLC) test patterns and clinical SBRT cases. We compared the results between the COMPASS, the treatment planning system, the Kodak EDR2 film, and the Monte Carlo (MC) calculations. MLC test patterns were set up to investigate various aspects of dose reconstruction for SBRT: (a) simple open fields (2 × 2–10 × 10 cm2), (b) a square wave chart pattern, and (c) the MLC position detectability test in which the MLCs were changed slightly. In clinical cases, we carried out 6 and 8 static IMRT beams for SBRT in the lung and liver. For MLC test patterns, the differences between COMPASS and MC were around 3%. The COMPASS with the dolphin system showed sufficient resolution in SBRT. For clinical cases, COMPASS can detect small changes for the dose profile and dose–volume histogram. COMPASS also showed good agreement with MC. We can confirm the feasibility of SBRT QA using the COMPASS system with Dolphin. This method was successfully operated using the new transmission detector and verified by measurements and MC.
Improved sand erosion resistance and mechanical properties of multifunctional carbon nanofiber nanopaper‐enhanced fiber reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Zhang Dan , Cabrera Eusebio , Zhao Yanan , Zhao Ziwei , Castro Jose M. , Lee Ly J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMultifunctional carbon nanofiber (CNF) nanopaper‐enhanced glass fiber reinforced epoxy polymer composites (GFRPC) with improved sand erosion resistance, mechanical properties, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding have been fabricated and tested in this work. Preformed CNF thin film or nanopaper, made of dense and entangled nanofiber networks, was molded on the surface of GFRPC as a surface protection layer by vacuum‐assisted resin transfer molding. A fivefold improvement in sand erosion resistance in terms of sand erosion rate, and up to 24% improvement in flexural strength were achieved after the incorporation of CNF nanopaper onto thin GFRPC. The CNF nanopaper‐enhanced GFRPC showed an EMI shielding of 33–40 dB within a frequency range of 30 MHz to 1.5 GHz. This multifunctional composite material shows good potential for use in wind power industry, commercial electronics housings, and the automotive industry.
Teaching Tradition: Diverse Perspectives on the Pilot Urban American Indian Traditional Spirituality Program
Authors: Gone Joseph P. , Blumstein Katherine P. , Dominic David , Fox Nickole , Jacobs Joan , Lynn Rebecca S. , Martinez Michelle , Tuomi Ashley 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMany urban American Indian community members lack access to knowledgeable participation in indigenous spiritual practices. And yet, these sacred traditional activities remain vitally important to their reservation‐based kin. In response, our research team partnered with an urban American Indian health center in Detroit for purposes of developing a structured program to facilitate more ready access to participation in indigenous spiritual knowledge and practices centered on the sweat lodge ceremony. Following years of preparation and consultation, we implemented a pilot version of the Urban American Indian Traditional Spirituality Program in the spring of 2016 for 10 urban AI community participants. Drawing on six first‐person accounts about this program, we reflect on its success as a function of participant meaningfulness, staff support, mitigated sensitivities, and program structure. We believe that these observations will enable other community psychologists to undertake similar program development in service to innovative and beneficial impacts on behalf of their community partners.
Error in geometric morphometric data collection: Combining data from multiple sources
Authors: Robinson Chris , Terhune Claire E. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectivesThis study compares two‐ and three‐dimensional morphometric data to determine the extent to which intra‐ and interobserver and intermethod error influence the outcomes of statistical analyses.Materials and MethodsData were collected five times for each method and observer on 14 anthropoid crania using calipers, a MicroScribe, and 3D models created from NextEngine and microCT scans. ANOVA models were used to examine variance in the linear data at the level of genus, species, specimen, observer, method, and trial. Three‐dimensional data were analyzed using geometric morphometric methods; principal components analysis was employed to examine how trials of all specimens were distributed in morphospace and Procrustes distances among trials were calculated and used to generate UPGMA trees to explore whether all trials of the same individual grouped together regardless of observer or method.ResultsMost variance in the linear data was at the genus level, with greater variance at the observer than method levels. In the 3D data, interobserver and intermethod error were similar to intraspecific distances amongCallicebus cupreusindividuals, with interobserver error being higher than intermethod error. Generally, taxa separate well in morphospace, with different trials of the same specimen typically grouping together. However, trials of individuals in the same species overlapped substantially with one another.ConclusionResearchers should be cautious when compiling data from multiple methods and/or observers, especially if analyses are focused on intraspecific variation or closely related species, as in these cases, patterns among individuals may be obscured by interobserver and intermethod error. Conducting interobserver and intermethod reliability assessments prior to the collection of data is recommended.
GPS‐identified, low‐level nocturnal activity of vervets (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) and olive baboons (Papio anubis) in Laikipia, Kenya
Authors: Isbell Lynne A. , Bidner Laura R. , Crofoot Margaret C. , Matsumoto‐Oda Akiko , Farine Damien R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectivesExcept for owl monkeys (Aotus spp.), all anthropoid primates are considered strictly diurnal. Recent studies leveraging new technologies have shown, however, that some diurnal anthropoids also engage in nocturnal activity. Here we examine the extent to which vervets (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) and olive baboons (Papio anubis) are active at night.Materials and MethodsWe deployed GPS collars with tri‐axial accelerometer data loggers on 18 free‐ranging adult females: 12 vervets spread among 5 social groups, and 6 olive baboons spread among 4 groups. Their locations were recorded every 15 min, and their activity levels, for 3 s/min over 7.5 months. We also used camera traps that were triggered by heat and movement at seven sleeping sites.ResultsTravel was detected on 0.4% of 2,029 vervet‐nights involving 3 vervets and 1.1% of 1,109 baboon‐nights involving 5 baboons. Travel was mainly arboreal for vervets but mainly terrestrial for baboons. During the night, vervets and baboons were active 13% and 15% of the time, respectively. Activity varied little throughout the night and appeared unaffected by moon phase.DiscussionOur results confirm the low nocturnality of vervets and olive baboons, which we suggest is related to living near the equator with consistent 12‐hr days, in contrast to other anthropoids that are more active at night. Since anthropoid primates are thought to have evolved in northern latitudes, with later dispersal to tropical latitudes, our results may have implications for understanding the evolution of anthropoid diurnality.
Delivering irrigation to the anterior ethmoid region: evaluation of a lacrimal diversion device in a cadaver model
Authors: Tajudeen Bobby A. , Gupta Sanjay , Willoughby Brian , Kennedy David W. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundTopical solutions to the sinus cavity are primarily administered via a transnasal route with inherent limitations of distribution. Here we describe an alternate method of sinus access via lacrimal sinus diversion using a novel lacrimal diversion device (LDD).MethodsA cadaveric study was performed using 12 disarticulated fresh heads. The LDD was implanted in 23 sides meeting insertion criteria. Time to placement was recorded and patency was assessed via nasal endoscopy. Methylene blue was administered via the LDD and 16 sides underwent surgical ethmoidectomy to assess distribution of mucosal staining. Four cadavers underwent computed tomography (CT) imaging to demonstrate stent position.ResultsMean time of placement was 3.66 ± 2.37 minutes (mean ± standard deviation [SD]). Patency rate was 100%. Six sides (37.5%) had anterior ethmoid staining, 6 sides (37.5%) had posterior ethmoid staining, and the remaining 4 sides (25%) had mixed anterior and posterior ethmoid staining. Stents placed optimally resulted in anterior ethmoid staining without complication. Malpositioned stents resulted in posterior ethmoid staining and some inadvertent ethmoid vertical lamella trauma in 2 instances.ConclusionSinus irrigation can be delivered to the ethmoid sinuses directly via a lacrimal diversion stent. Technique modification or image guidance may be helpful in ensuring optimal placement.
Suppression of the Charge Density Wave State in Two‐Dimensional 1T‐TiSe2 by Atmospheric Oxidation
Authors: Sun Lifei , Chen Chuanhui , Zhang Qinghua , Sohrt Christian , Zhao Tianqi , Xu Guanchen , Wang Jinghui , Wang Dong , Rossnagel Kai , Gu Lin , Tao Chenggang , Jiao Liying 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) metallic transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), such as 1T‐TiSe2, have recently emerged as unique platforms for exploring their exciting properties of superconductivity and the charge density wave (CDW). 2D 1T‐TiSe2 undergoes rapid oxidation under ambient conditions, significantly affecting its CDW phase‐transition behavior. We comprehensively investigate the oxidation process of 2D TiSe2 by tracking the evolution of the chemical composition and atomic structure with various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques and reveal its unique selenium‐assisting oxidation mechanism. Our findings facilitate a better understanding of the chemistry of ultrathin TMDCs crystals, introduce an effective method to passivate their surfaces with capping layers, and thus open a way to further explore the functionality of these materials toward devices.
Functional Mechanically Interlocked Molecules: Asymmetric Organocatalysis with a Catenated Bifunctional Brønsted Acid
Authors: Mitra Raja , Zhu Hui , Grimme Stefan , Niemeyer Jochen 
Published: June 2017

AbstractInterlocked molecules, such as catenanes, rotaxanes, and molecular knots, have become interesting candidates for the development of sophisticated chemical catalysts. Herein, we report the first application of a catenane‐based catalyst in asymmetric organocatalysis, revealing that the catenated catalyst shows dramatically increased stereoselectivities (up to 98 % ee) in comparison to its non‐interlocked analogues. A mechanistic rationale for the observed differences was developed by DFT studies, suggesting that the involvement of two catalytically active groups in the stereodetermining reaction step is responsible for the superior selectivity of the interlocked catalyst.
Poly(benzoxazine‐co‐sulfur): An efficient sorbent for mercury removal from aqueous solution
Authors: Akay Sema , Kayan Berkant , Kalderis Dimitrios , Arslan Mustafa , Yagci Yusuf , Kiskan Baris 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTA novel sulfur‐rich adsorbent, poly(BA‐ala‐co‐sulfur), was synthesized by reacting allyl functional benzoxazine (BA‐ala) and elemental sulfur. Simultaneous inverse vulcanization and ring‐opening reactions of benzoxazine generated copolymers in several feed ratios. The adsorption behavior of these copolymers was investigated in aqueous solutions containing Hg2+. A three level Box–Behnken design with four factors was applied in order to examine the interactive effect of Hg2+ concentration (ppm), S % in adsorbent, temperature, and pH. The optimum adsorption conditions were determined as: 10.33 ppm Hg2+, 68% S content, 329 K, and pH 6.3. Common isotherm and kinetic models were applied to the experimental data, where the Langmuir isotherm provided the better fit (qmax = 79.36 mg g−1) and the pseudo‐second order fit indicated chemisorption as the process‐controlling step. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45306.
Long‐term habitat loss in a lightly‐disturbed population of the Indo‐Pacific humpback dolphin, Sousa chinensis
Authors: Wu Haiping , Xu Yuhou , Peng Chongwei , Liao Yongyan , Wang Xianyan , Jefferson Thomas A. , Huang Hu , Huang Shiang‐Lin 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Coastal and estuarine waters are important ecosystems with high primary and secondary productivity, but they are prone to the impacts of habitat loss caused by anthropogenic activities. For species exclusively inhabiting coastal and estuarine waters, such as the Indo‐Pacific humpback dolphin, Sousa chinensis, irreversible habitat loss can have dramatic implications for population viability.
A Landsat image database was used to determine the extent of coastal changes along the northern Beibu Gulf, where a large humpback dolphin population is found. The results were compared with the standardized sighting gradient (SPUF) determined from a questionnaire survey of fishermen and likely core habitats identified by application of a global digital elevation model.
Both SPUF and likely core habitat results indicated a continuous distribution of the humpback dolphin along the northern Beibu Gulf. Landsat images revealed that 129.6 km2 of coastal waters were permanently lost in the past 40 years, 60 km2 within the likely core habitats. Although this may be considered small, the impact of such habitat loss could be substantial in some local habitats.
The humpback dolphin population in the northern Beibu Gulf should be regarded as one management unit, with two or more social subunits. Immediate systematic surveys are needed to fill information gaps on true distribution range and habitat‐use patterns.
Habitat protection actions for dolphins in the northern Beibu Gulf should include both core and linking habitats, including enacting protected areas in core habitats, mitigating anthropogenic impacts in likely habitats, restoring both coastal waters and surrounding landscape quality, effective treatment of industrial sewage discharge, and comprehensive environmental impact assessments for the planning of coastal development projects.
CCL2 in the Circulation Predicts Long‐Term Progression of Interstitial Lung Disease in Patients With Early Systemic Sclerosis: Data From Two Independent Cohorts
Authors: Wu Minghua , Baron Murray , Pedroza Claudia , Salazar Gloria A. , Ying Jun , Charles Julio , Agarwal Sandeep K. , Hudson Marie , Pope Janet , Zhou Xiaodong , Reveille John D. , Fritzler Marvin J. , Mayes Maureen D. , Assassi Shervin 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveThere are few clinical predictors of the progression of systemic sclerosis (SSc)–related interstitial lung disease (ILD). The purpose of this study was to examine the predictive significance of key cytokines for long‐term progression of ILD and survival in 2 independent cohorts of patients with early SSc.MethodsPlasma levels of 11 Th1/Th2 cytokines (interleukin‐1β [IL‐1β], IL‐5, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐12, IL‐13, tumor necrosis factor, CCL2, interferon‐inducible T cell α chemoattractant, and interferon‐γ–inducible 10‐kd protein) were measured in 266 patients with early SSc in the Genetics versus Environment in Scleroderma Outcome Study (GENISOS) discovery cohort. Levels of CCL2, IL‐10, and IL‐6 were measured in 171 patients with early SSc in the Canadian Scleroderma Research Group (CSRG) replication cohort. The primary outcome measure was a decline in the forced vital capacity percent predicted (FVC%) value over time. A joint analysis of longitudinal FVC% values and survival was performed.ResultsAfter adjustment for age, sex, and ethnicity, CCL2 and IL‐10 were found to be significant predictors of ILD progression in the discovery cohort. Higher CCL2 levels predicted a faster decline in FVC% values (b = −0.57, P = 0.032), while higher IL‐10 levels predicted a slower decline (b = 0.26, P = 0.01). A higher CCL2 value was also predictive of poorer survival (hazard ratio 1.76, P = 0.030). In the CSRG replication cohort, higher CCL2 levels predicted a faster decline in FVC% values (b = −0.58, P = 0.038), but neither IL‐10 nor IL‐6 had predictive significance. A higher CCL2 level also predicted poorer survival (hazard ratio 3.89, P = 0.037).ConclusionHigher CCL2 levels in the circulation were predictive of ILD progression and poorer survival in patients with early SSc, findings that support the notion that CCL2 has a role as a biomarker and potential therapeutic target.
Production of G protein‐coupled receptors in an insect‐based cell‐free system
Authors: Sonnabend Andrei , Spahn Viola , Stech Marlitt , Zemella Anne , Stein Christoph , Kubick Stefan 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThe biochemical analysis of human cell membrane proteins remains a challenging task due to the difficulties in producing sufficient quantities of functional protein. G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent a main class of membrane proteins and drug targets, which are responsible for a huge number of signaling processes regulating various physiological functions in living cells. To circumvent the current bottlenecks in GPCR studies, we propose the synthesis of GPCRs in eukaryotic cell‐free systems based on extracts generated from insect (Sf21) cells. Insect cell lysates harbor the fully active translational and translocational machinery allowing posttranslational modifications, such as glycosylation and phosphorylation of de novo synthesized proteins. Here, we demonstrate the production of several GPCRs in a eukaryotic cell‐free system, performed within a short time and in a cost‐effective manner. We were able to synthesize a variety of GPCRs ranging from 40 to 133 kDa in an insect‐based cell‐free system. Moreover, we have chosen the μ opioid receptor (MOR) as a model protein to analyze the ligand binding affinities of cell‐free synthesized MOR in comparison to MOR expressed in a human cell line by “one‐point” radioligand binding experiments. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 2328–2338. © 2017 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Overexpression of the human antigen R suppresses the immediate paradoxical proliferation of melanoma cell subpopulations in response to suboptimal BRAF inhibition
Authors: Fernandez Marylise , Sutterlüty‐Fall Hedwig , Schwärzler Christoph , Lemeille Sylvain , Boehncke Wolf‐Henning , Merat Rastine 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTumor plasticity and the heterogeneous response of melanoma cells to targeted therapies are major limits for the long‐term efficacy of this line of therapy. Targeting tumor plasticity is theoretically possible through the modulation of the expression of RNA‐binding proteins which can affect many different compensatory mechanisms of the adaptive response of malignant cells to targeted therapies. Human antigen R (HuR) is a modulator of gene expression and a transacting factor in the mRNA‐processing machinery used in the cell stress response, and is a potential target for reducing tumor plasticity. In this experiment, we exploit the inherent heterogeneous response of the A375 melanoma line to suboptimal BRAF inhibition as a model of immediate adaptive response. We first observe that HuR overexpression can prevent the heterogeneous response and thus the immediate paradoxical proliferation induced by low‐doses vemurafenib treatment. We then use single‐cell mass cytometry to characterize subpopulations, including those that paradoxically proliferate, based on their proliferation rate and the expression patterns of markers involved in the reversible adaptive resistance to BRAF inhibition and/or recognized as HuR targets involved in cell cycle regulation. Under suboptimal BRAF inhibition, HuR overexpression affects these subpopulations and their expression pattern with contrasting responses depending on their proliferation rate: faster‐proliferating vemurafenib‐sensitive or ‐resistant subpopulations showed higher death tendency and reduced size, and slower‐proliferating subpopulations showed an attenuated resistant expression response and their paradoxical proliferation was inhibited. These observations pave the way to new therapeutic strategies for preventing the heterogeneous response of tumors to targeted therapies.
Comparative proteomic profiling of the serum differentiates pancreatic cancer from chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Saraswat Mayank , Joenväärä Sakari , Seppänen Hanna , Mustonen Harri , Haglund Caj , Renkonen Risto 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFinland ranks sixth among the countries having highest incidence rate of pancreatic cancer with mortality roughly equaling incidence. The average age of diagnosis for pancreatic cancer is 69 years in Nordic males, whereas the average age of diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis is 40–50 years, however, many cases overlap in age. By radiology, the evaluation of a pancreatic mass, that is, the differential diagnosis between chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer is often difficult. Preoperative needle biopsies are difficult to obtain and are demanding to interpret. New blood based biomarkers are needed. The accuracy of the only established biomarker for pancreatic cancer, CA 19‐9 is rather poor in differentiating between benign and malignant mass of the pancreas. In this study, we have performed mass spectrometry analysis (High Definition MSE) of serum samples from patients with chronic pancreatitis (13) and pancreatic cancer (22). We have quantified 291 proteins and performed detailed statistical analysis such as principal component analysis, orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis and receiver operating curve analysis. The proteomic signature of chronic pancreatitis versus pancreatic cancer samples was able to separate the two groups by multiple statistical techniques. Some of the enriched pathways in the proteomic dataset were LXR/RXR activation, complement and coagulation systems and inflammatory response. We propose that multiple high‐confidence biomarker candidates in our pilot study including Inter‐alpha‐trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H2 (Area under the curve, AUC: 0.947), protein AMBP (AUC: 0.951) and prothrombin (AUC: 0.917), which should be further evaluated in larger patient series as potential new biomarkers for differential diagnosis.
Heterogeneous volume deformation and animation authoring with density‐aware moving least squares
Authors: Kwon Soonhyeon , Kim Younguk , Kim Kihyuk , Lee Sungkil 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a novel heterogeneous volume deformation technique and an intuitive volume animation authoring framework. Our volume deformation extends the previous technique based on moving least squares with a density‐aware weighting metric for data‐driven importance control and efficient upsampling‐based volume synthesis. For user interaction, we present an intuitive visual metaphor and interaction schemes to support effective spatiotemporal editing of volume deformation animation. Our framework is implemented fully on graphics processors and thus suitable for quick‐and‐easy prototyping of volume deformation with improved controllability.