bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Thermosalinograph and VIIRS Data for the Characterization of Near-Surface Temperature Fields
Authors: Schloesser Fabian , Cornillon Peter , Donohue Kathleen , Boussidi Brahim , Iskin Emily 
Published: January 2016

AbstractDetailed understanding of submesoscale processes and their role in global ocean circulation is constrained, in part, by the lack of global observational datasets of sufficiently high resolution. Here, the potential of thermosalinograph (TSG) and Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) data is evaluated, to characterize the submesoscale structure of the near-surface temperature fields in the Gulf Stream and Sargasso Sea. In addition to spectral density, the structure function is considered, a statistical measure less susceptible to data gaps, which are common in the satellite-derived fields. The structure function is found to be an unreliable estimator, especially for steep spectral slopes, nominally between 2 and 3, typical of the Gulf Stream and Sargasso regions. A quality-control threshold is developed based on the number and size of gaps to ensure reliable spectral density estimates. Analysis of the impact of gaps in the VIIRS data on the spectra shows that both the number of missing values and the size of gaps affect the results, and that the steeper the spectral slope the more significant the impact. Furthermore, the TSG, with a nominal resolution of 75 m, captures the spectral characteristics of the fields in both regions down to scales substantially smaller than 1 km, while the VIIRS fields, with a nominal resolution of 750 m, reproduce the spectra well down to scales of about 20 km in the Sargasso Sea and 5 km in the Gulf Stream. The scales at which the VIIRS and TSG spectra diverge are thought to be determined by sensor and retrieval noise.
Evaluation of Executive Functions in Patients With Childhood Absence Epilepsy
Authors: Gencpinar Pinar , Kalay Zuhal , Turgut Sevil , Bozkurt Öznur , Duman Özgür , Ozel Deniz , Haspolat Senay 
Published: January 2016

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the executive function of patients with typical absence epilepsy. Methods: Thirty-eight (19 healthy children and 19 patients) individuals were enrolled in this study. Neurocognitive function tests, such as the Serial Digit Learning Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Visual Aural Digit Span Test–Form B, KAS-Animal Test, Trail Making Test–A Time Test, and STROOP Test, were given to all of the participants. Results: There was a significant difference between the groups on the Serial Digit Learning Test ( P = .037) and on a subtest of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. As for the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance, there were significant differences in perseverative errors and perseverative responses between the patient and control groups ( P = .011 and P = .010, respectively). Conclusion: Long-term risk for learning impairments, failure in executive abilities, and short-term memory and attention disorders can occur in children with absence epilepsy.
Assessment of the Quality of Chronic Anticoagulation Control With Time in Therapeutic Range in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Treated With Vitamin K Antagonists by Hemostasis Specialists: The TERRA Registry: Tiempo en rango en la República Argentina
Authors: Tajer Carlos , Ceresetto José , Bottaro Federico Jorge , Martí Alejandra , Casey Marcelo 
Published: January 2016

Background:Oral anticoagulation therapy with vitamin K antagonists (VKA) such as warfarin and acenocoumarol is recommended in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and risk factors for embolism. The quality of anticoagulation control with VKA may be assessed by the time in therapeutic range (TTR). In our country, there are no data available about the quality of anticoagulation in patients with AF. The primary goal of our study was to assess the level of effective anticoagulation in a multicenter network of anticoagulation clinics in Argentina, which included patients with nonvalvular AF (NVAF) treated with VKA oral anticoagulants.Methods:The TERRA trial is a multicenter, cross-sectional study involving 14 anticoagulation clinics that were invited to participate and recruit 100 consecutive patients with NVAF treated with VKA for more than 1 year. The international normalized ratio (INR) values were retrospectively obtained from patient charts, and TTR was calculated using the Rosendaal method.Results:A total of 1190 patients were included in the analysis. Mean age was 74.9 ± 9.9 years, and 52.5% of the patients were male. Median TTR was 67.5% (interquartile interval 54-80). During 55% of the TTR, INR was >3. Interinstitution variability was substantial, with a range of 57.7% ± 17% to 87.7% ± 17%, P < .001. The 10th percentile of TTR was 41%, the 20th percentile was 50%, the 30th was 58%, and the 35th percentile was 60%. In 40% of patients, TTR was <70%.Conclusion:In this multicenter study, mean TTR values in patients with AF under VKA were similar to those in international therapeutic clinical trials (55%-65%). Marked variations among institutions were observed and, although average results obtained were high, one third of the patients exhibited a TTR below 60%. This cutoff value is conservative according to current recommendations, and guidelines suggest that when management with VKA cannot be improved, patients should be switched to direct oral anticoagulants. The addition of TTR calculation to clinical practice may help improve the quality of oral anticoagulation in patients with AF, thus improving anticoagulation outcomes.
Rs5918ITGB3 Polymorphism, Smoking, and BMI as Risk Factors for Early Onset and Recurrence of DVT in Young Women
Authors: Komsa-Penkova Regina , Golemanov Georgi , Tsankov Boris , Ivanov Petar , Beshev Lyubomir , Tonchev Pencho 
Published: January 2016

Objective: To evaluate the contribution of rs5918ITGB3 on the incidence and recurrence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in women and the relationship with body mass index (BMI) and smoking and to compare with data in men. Results: Rs5918(C) polymorphism in ITGB3 gene was assessed in 224 patients diagnosed with DVT and 216 controls. Thrombophilic genetic variant rs5918(C) was significantly pronounced in women (χ2 =7.565, P = .008) and total patients (χ2 = 9.266, P = .002) but not in men. Women patients (<45 years) who were carriers of rs5918ITGB3 polymorphism had an early onset of DVT (34.5 vs 39.4 years, χ2 = 7.027, P = .008) as analyzed by Kaplan-Meier and a higher risk of the recurrent event (χ2 = 3.405, odds ratio = 2.581, P = .044). The period before recurrent venous thromboembolism event was related to smoking status and BMI in young female who were carriers of rs5918 polymorphism but not in the males. Conclusions: Carriage of genetic variant rs5918(C) polymorphism in ITGB3 gene in women contributes to higher risk of single and recurrent DVT events at younger age.
Disseminated Mycobacterium avium Complex With Cutaneous Lesions
Authors: Kollipara Ramya , Richards Kristen , Tschen Jaime , Campbell Lauren , Tyring Stephen , Mays Steven 
Published: January 2016

Background: Although most commonly encountered in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection, disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is becoming more common in patients receiving immunosuppressive medications. Disseminated MAC with skin lesions may occur, and several presentations have been reported, including panniculitis, cutaneous granulomas, pustules, ulcerations, and erythematous skin lesions. Objectives: The objective of this report is to describe an unusual presentation of MAC that is unlikely to be encountered frequently in the outpatient dermatology setting, especially in a patient without human immunodeficiency virus infection. Methods: The authors present a case of disseminated MAC infection with cutaneous manifestations in an iatrogenically immunocompromised patient. Conclusions: Diagnosis of MAC infection is challenging given the varied clinical presentations and the difficulty in culturing MAC. In addition, the acid-fast stain is nonspecific. Clinicians should remember to consider MAC infection in patients with acid-fast-positive skin lesions, as the selection of appropriate antibiotic therapy is species specific.
Investigation of uncomplicated recurrent urinary tract infections in women
Authors: Parsons SR , Cornish NC , Martin B , Evans SD 
Published: January 2016

Background: Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women are common despite anatomically normal urinary tracts and are frequently referred to secondary care for further assessment. Patients and methods: Clinic letters and pathology reports of 244 women referred to our centre over a 2-year period with uncomplicated recurrent UTIs were reviewed to determine the investigations they underwent in both primary and secondary care. Results: A significant proportion of women do not meet the criteria for recurrent UTIs as their infections are not proven on culture. The majority of women undergo both renal tract ultrasound scan (USS) and flexible cystoscopy. Though USS was found to demonstrate relevant pathology, flexible cystoscopy, however, did not reveal any relevant pathology. Conclusion: Investigation of women with recurrent uncomplicated UTIs should be done with adequate cultures and renal tract USS.
Mutations in AP3D1 associated with immunodeficiency and seizures define a new type of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome
Authors: Ammann Sandra , Schulz Ansgar , Krägeloh-Mann Ingeborg , Dieckmann Nele M. G. , Niethammer Klaus , Fuchs Sebastian , Eckl Katja Martina , Plank Roswitha , Werner Roland , Altmüller Janine , Thiele Holger , Nürnberg Peter , Bank Julia , Strauss Anne , von Bernuth Horst , zur Stadt Udo , Grieve Samantha , Griffiths Gillian M. , Lehmberg Kai , Hennies Hans Christian , Ehl Stephan 
Published: January 2016

Key Points
A phenotype with albinism, early-onset seizures, neurodevelopmental delay, infection susceptibility, and neutropenia is caused by AP3D1 mutations. AP3δ deficiency destabilizes the AP3 complex and defines a novel type of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome with severe neurologic involvement.
Low-cost virtual reality environment for engineering and construction
Authors: Hilfert Thomas , König Markus 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Background
Presenting significant building or engineering 3D-models is a crucial part of the planning, construction and maintenance phases in terms of collaboration and understanding. Especially in complex or large-scale models, immersion is one of the major key factors for being able to intuitively perceive all aspects of the scene. A fully immersive system needs to give the user a large field-of-view with reduced latency for lifelike impression. Technologies such as VRwalls and shutter glasses can deliver high refresh rates, yet fail to give a large field-of-view. Head-mounted-devices for virtual reality fill this gap. Head tracking mechanisms translate movements of the user’s head into virtual camera movements and enable a natural way of examining models. Unlike a stereoscopic representation with projectors, point-of-view tracking can be achieved separately for each individual user. Hardware costs for such systems were very high in the past, but have dropped due to virtual reality systems now gaining traction in the mainstream gaming community.

Methods
In this paper we present a way to build a low-cost, highly immersive virtual reality environment for engineering and construction applications. Furthermore, we present a method to simplify and partly automate the process of reusing digital building models, which are already used in construction, to create virtual scenes, instead of having to do parallel content creation for visualization. Using the Oculus Rift head-mounted display and the Leap Motion hand-tracking device, we show the possibilities of naturally interacting within a virtual space in different use cases. The software, based on the popular game engine Unreal Engine 4, will be used as a basis for further research and development.

Results
Building Information Modeling data can be imported to UE4 with our presented plugin. Using an automated database for mapping materials to the geometry simplifies the process of importing Building Information Modeling entities. The refresh rate of the system stays within acceptable margins needed for virtual reality applications using head-mounted devices.

Conclusions
Head-mounted devices present a great potential for the Architecture, Engineering and Construction industry, as a person can experience realistic first-person situations without having to care about injuries. Automated processes for the simplification of content creation, leveraging existing models, and the usage of visual programming languages enable even nonprogrammers to create scenarios to their needs.
Overview and potential unifying themes of the atypical chemokine receptor family
Authors: Vacchini Alessandro , Locati Massimo , Borroni Elena Monica 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Chemokines modulate immune responses through their ability to orchestrate the migration of target cells. Chemokines directly induce cell migration through a distinct set of 7 transmembrane domain G protein-coupled receptors but are also recognized by a small subfamily of atypical chemokine receptors, characterized by their inability to support chemotactic activity. Atypical chemokine receptors are now emerging as crucial regulatory components of chemokine networks in a wide range of physiologic and pathologic contexts. Although a new nomenclature has been approved recently to reflect their functional distinction from their conventional counterparts, a systematic view of this subfamily is still missing. This review discusses their biochemical and immunologic properties to identify potential unifying themes in this emerging family.
Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency Programs Reproductive Dysfunction in Female Mice Offspring Through Adverse Effects on the Neuroendocrine Axis
Authors: Nicholas Cari , Davis Joseph , Fisher Thomas , Segal Thalia , Petti Marilena , Sun Yan , Wolfe Andrew , Neal-Perry Genevieve 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency affects more than 1 billion people worldwide with a higher prevalence in reproductive-aged women and children. The physiological effects of maternal VitD deficiency on the reproductive health of the offspring has not been studied. To determine whether maternal VitD deficiency affects reproductive physiology in female offspring, we monitored the reproductive physiology of C57BL/6J female offspring exposed to diet-induced maternal VitD deficiency at three specific developmental stages: 1) in utero, 2) preweaning, or 3) in utero and preweaning. We hypothesized that exposure to maternal VitD deficiency disrupts reproductive function in exposed female offspring. To test this hypothesis, we assessed vaginal opening and cytology and ovary and pituitary function as well as gonadotropin and gonadal steroid levels in female offspring. The in utero, preweaning, and in utero and preweaning VitD deficiency did not affect puberty. However, all female mice exposed to maternal VitD deficiency developed prolonged and irregular estrous cycles characterized by oligoovulation and extended periods of diestrus. Despite similar gonadal steroid levels and GnRH neuron density, females exposed to maternal VitD deficiency released less LH on the evening of proestrus. When compared with control female offspring, there was no significant difference in the ability of females exposed to maternal VitD deficiency to respond robustly to exogenous GnRH peptide or controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. These findings suggest that maternal VitD deficiency programs reproductive dysfunction in adult female offspring through adverse effects on hypothalamic function.
Lymphoepithelial cyst as a herald of HIV seropositivity in a patient with known history of neurocysticercosis and suspected parotid cysticercosis
Authors: Alexander Alan , Hunter Kyle , Wasdahl Daniel , Markovic Michael 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Among those with acquired immune deficiency syndrome, salivary gland pathology and other less common signs of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositivity are emerging. Generally speaking, lymphoepithelial lesions of the parotid gland are uncommon with a reported incidence of 0.6%, but they are beginning to overtake other oral lesions such as candidiasis as predominant oral manifestations of clinical HIV infection. Here, we describe a patient with a known history of neurocysticercosis with presumed extracranial cysticercosis as demonstrated by the clinical manifestation of bilateral parotid gland swelling and a ring-enhancing, hypodense lesion of the left parotid gland on CT. He was found to have a lymphoepithelial cyst arising in a lobe of the left parotid gland per pathological evaluation after left superficial parotidectomy, and this served as the initial sign of HIV positivity, which was confirmed by serological studies.
Case Report: Acute obstructive hydrocephalus associated with infratentorial extra-axial fluid collection following foramen magnum decompression and durotomy for Chiari malformation type I
Authors: Munakomi Sunil , Bhattarai Binod , Chaudhary Pramod 
Published: January 2016

Acute obstructive hydrocephalus due to infratentorial extra-axial fluid collection (EAFC) is an extremely rare complication of foramen magnum decompression (FMD) and durotomy for Chiari malformation type I. Presence of infratentorial EAFC invariably causes obstruction at the level of the fourth ventricle or aqueduct of Silvius, thereby indicating its definitive role in hydrocephalus. Pathogenesis of EAFC is said to be a local arachnoid tear as a result of durotomy, as this complication is not described in FMD without durotomy. Controversy exists in management. Usually EAFC is said to resolve with conservative management; so hydrocephalus doesn’t require treatment. However, in this case EAFC was progressive and ventriculo-peritoneal shunting (VPS) was needed for managing progressive and symptomatic hydrocephalus.
Attitudes to contralateral risk reducing mastectomy among breast and plastic surgeons in England
Authors: Basu NN , Littlechild S , Barr L , Ross GL , Evans DG 
Published: January 2016

Introduction Rates of contralateral risk reducing mastectomy (CRRM) are rising despite a paucity of data to support this practice. Surgeons work as part of the multidisciplinary team (MDT). They may counsel women on these requests without the benefit of established guidelines or agreed protocol. This study assessed the practices and perceptions of breast and plastic surgeons in England on CRRM. Methods A postal questionnaire was sent to 455 breast and 364 plastic surgeons practising in England. Basic demographics, trends in CRRM, risk assessment, role of the MDT and knowledge base were assessed. Results The response rate among breast surgeons was 48.3% (220/455) and 12.6% (46/364) among plastic surgeons. Nearly half (44%) of the respondents felt there had been an increase in rates of CRRM over the last three years. Seventy-one per cent of those surveyed performed 1–5 CRRMs annually while sixteen per cent did not perform this procedure at all. A third (32%) of respondents correctly quoted their patients an annual risk of 0.5–0.7%. Funding was refused in 4% of cases and 43% of the surgeons felt that in the future they would have to apply to relevant clinical commissioning groups. Over half (58%) of all respondents reported that decisions for CRRM are always discussed in the MDT meeting but 6% stated that these cases are never discussed by the MDT. BRCA mutation was perceived as the main risk factor for contralateral breast cancer by 81% of respondents. Surgeons felt that women requested CRRM mainly to alleviate anxiety. The next most common reasons were carriage of BRCA mutation and a desire to have reconstructions match. Conclusions A wide variation of surgical practices and perceptions exist in assessing women for CRRM. Guidelines to standardise practices are required.
Desajustes entre la audiencia televisiva infantil y los horarios de protección
Authors: Gómez Amigo Santiago 
Published: January 2016

La ley audiovisual reconoce que el público infantil necesita una atención especial por parte de las televisiones y reserva unos horarios de protección reforzada en los que se deben vigilar los contenidos. Este artículo analiza si hay correlación entre esos horarios y el consumo real que hacen los espectadores de 4 a 12 años. A través de los datos de audiencia facilitados por Kantar Media se investiga de forma exhaustiva y comparada en qué momentos hay más niños viendo la televisión, qué cadenas ven y cuáles son sus contenidos preferidos. Se concluye que la segunda hora del día con mayor presencia de niños frente al televisor (de 22:00 a 23:00) se encuentra fuera del horario protegido. Los canales más vistos por el público infantil son Clan, Boing y Disney, con datos muy superiores a los demás. Pero los niños, escogen su propio menú audiovisual: se concentran en los canales específicos en las franjas protegidas y buscan otro tipo de contenidos en los momentos de mayor consumo. También destaca que los niños acompañados por adultos consumen más los canales generalistas que aquellos que lo hacen sin presencia de mayores.
Accreditation process in European countries – an EFLM survey
Authors: Boursier Guilaine , Vukasovic Ines , Brguljan Pika Mesko , Lohmander Maria , Ghita Irina , Bernabeu Andreu Francisco A. , Barrett Edward , Brugnoni Duilio , Kroupis Christos , Sprongl Ludek , Thelen Marc H.M. , Vanstapel Florent , Vodnik Tatjana , Huisman Willem , Vaubourdolle Michel , on behalf of the Working Group Accr  
Published: January 2016

AbstractAccreditation is a valuable resource for medical laboratories. The development of quality systems based on ISO 15189 has taken place in many laboratories in the European countries but data about accreditation remain scarce. The EFLM Working Group “Accreditation and ISO/CEN standards” conducted a survey that reviews the current state of the accreditation process in European countries.An on-line questionnaire was addressed to delegates of 39 EFLM scientific societies in March 2014. One answer by country was taken into account. The survey was dealing with mandatory status, number of accredited medical laboratories in each country, possibility of flexible scope and concerned medical fields. The status of point-of-care testing (POCT) in each country was also studied.Twenty-nine responses (74%) were registered. All the assessed countries (100%) have begun an accreditation process in various ways. All the national accreditation bodies (NAB) offer or are working to offer an ISO 15189 accreditation. The accreditation process most often concerns all phases of the examination and various medical fields. Medical laboratories are responsible for POCT in 20 (69%) countries. The accreditation process for POCT, according to ISO 15189 and ISO 22870, is also developing.While there are several variations in the approaches to accreditation of medical laboratories in the European countries, the ISO 15189 accreditation project has been widely accepted. The use of a unique standard and the cooperation among countries due to scientific societies, EFLM, accreditation bodies and EA enable laboratory professionals to move toward uniform implementation of the accreditation concept.