bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of variation in parental height dimorphism on same‐sex parent‐offspring height differences
Authors: Floyd B. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluates how adjusting for parental height dimorphism influences height differences among parents and same‐sex offspring distinguished by parents' early backgrounds.Participants and methodsRegression analyses using data from independent groups of Taiwanese families, 56 with sons and 51 with daughters, evaluate how adjusting for parental height dimorphism influences same‐sex parent‐offspring height differences among families grouped by grandfathers' occupations into three status categories reflecting good to relatively poor early parental environments.ResultsParental height dimorphism was statistically significantly associated with same‐sex parent‐offspring height differences (father–son: mean Δ = 3.88 cm, β = −71.47 ± 11.49 SE, t = −6.22, p ≤ .0005; mother–daughter: mean Δ = 4.15 cm, β = 80.46 ± 18.52 SE, t = 4.35, p ≤ .0005). Adjusted mean father–son differences increased significantly across grandfathers' occupation categories (Privileged, Δ = 0.60, Business, Δ = 4.06, Farming & Labor, Δ = 5.28; p = .011). Mother–daughter differences were substantial, from 3.33 cm to 5.06 cm, but did not differ significantly across occupational categories (p = .63).DiscussionAdjustments here for variation in parent height dimorphism did not alter original interpretations that while female growth may be more canalized, it is similarly capable of responding to improvements in developmental contexts. Patterns of same‐sex parent‐offspring height differences across grandfathers' occupational categories remain best accounted for by Taiwan's rapidly expanding economy, substantial income equity and reductions in biases favoring sons over daughters. Adjustment for sub‐group variation in parental height dimorphism should be considered in similar studies in the future.
Molecularly Imprinted Nanogels Acquire Stealth In Situ by Cloaking Themselves with Native Dysopsonic Proteins
Authors: Takeuchi Toshifumi , Kitayama Yukiya , Sasao Reo , Yamada Takuya , Toh Kazuko , Matsumoto Yu , Kataoka Kazunori 
Published: April 2017

AbstractProtein corona formation was regulated on the surface in vivo by molecular imprinting to enable polymeric nanogels to acquire stealth upon intravenous administration. Albumin, the most abundant protein in blood, was selected as a distinct protein component of protein corona for preparing molecularly imprinted nanogels (MIP‐NGs) to form an albumin‐rich protein corona. Intravital fluorescence resonance energy transfer imaging of rhodamine‐labeled albumin and fluorescein‐conjugated MIP‐NGs showed that albumin was captured by MIP‐NGs immediately after injection, forming an albumin‐rich protein corona. MIP‐NGs circulated in the blood longer than those of non‐albumin‐imprinted nanogels, with almost no retention in liver tissue. MIP‐NGs also passively accumulated in tumor tissue. These data suggest that this strategy, based on regulation of the protein corona in vivo, may significantly influence the development of drug nanocarriers for cancer therapy.
Unleashing the Potential of 17O NMR Spectroscopy Using Mechanochemistry
Authors: Métro Thomas‐Xavier , Gervais Christel , Martinez Anthony , Bonhomme Christian , Laurencin Danielle 
Published: April 2017

Abstract17O NMR spectroscopy has been the subject of vivid interest in recent years, because there is increasing evidence that it can provide unique insight into the structure and reactivity of many molecules and materials. However, due to the very poor natural abundance of oxygen‐17, 17O labeling is generally a prerequisite. This is a real obstacle for most research groups, because of the high costs and/or strong experimental constraints of the most frequently used 17O‐labeling schemes. Here, we show for the first time that mechanosynthesis offers unique opportunities for enriching in 17O a variety of organic and inorganic precursors of synthetic interest. The protocols are fast, user‐friendly, and low‐cost, which makes them highly attractive for a broad research community, and their suitability for 17O solid‐state NMR applications is demonstrated.
Realizing an Aza Paternò–Büchi Reaction
Authors: Kumarasamy Elango , Kandappa Sunil Kumar , Raghunathan Ramya , Jockusch Steffen , Sivaguru Jayaraman 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIntramolecular atropselective aza Paternò–Büchi reaction involving atropisomeric enamide and imine functionalities under sensitized irradiation leads to azetidine products in good yield and selectivity (ee >96 %). A mechanistic model based on detailed photophysical and isomerization kinetic studies is provided that shed light into the reactivity of enamides leading to aza Paternò–Büchi reaction.
Eocene Paleoecology of Adapis parisiensis (Primate, Adapidae): From Inner Ear to Lifestyle
Authors: Bernardi Margot , Couette Sébastien 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTEuropean adapids, especially Adapis parisiensis, have been extensively studied over the past two centuries, essentially for taxonomic and phylogenetic purposes. Analyses of dental, cranial, and postcranial morphology have led to various hypotheses about the diet, locomotion, and lifestyle of this fossil primate species. As the morphology of Adapis parisiensis is not directly comparable to any extant species, some interpretations are still debated. The inner ear is crucial to several functional parameters, such as auditory acuity, balance, agility, orientation, and head motion speed during locomotion. We examined the inner ear morphology of Adapis parisiensis in order to make some functional inferences, using μCT techniques to access the internal morphology without damaging the fossil specimens. We analyzed the length and shape of the cochlea, the size of the oval window, and the size and orientation of the semicircular canals of seven Adapis parisiensis crania. Results indicate that the species was more sensitive to high frequencies than low frequencies. Results for locomotion style are different, depending on the method used. Results about the coefficient of agility are in good agreement with previous studies, proposing a slow/medium slow locomotion for the fossil species. In contrast, angular velocity magnitude (AVM) results show a great range of variation in the locomotor repertory for Adapis parisiensis, probably indicating that the model used is not adapted to the study of the fossil record. A comparison to measurements of extant strepsirhines leads us to conclude that Adapis parisiensis was probably monogamous and solitary, with a small home range. Anat Rec, 300:1576–1588, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Template‐ and Additive‐free Electrosynthesis and Characterization of Spherical Gold Nanoparticles on Hydrophobic Conducting Polydimethylsiloxane
Authors: Guin Saurav K. , Knittel Peter , Daboss Sven , Breusow Anton , Kranz Christine 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCarbon‐doped poly(dimethylsiloxane) (C‐PDMS) modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is a highly promising material for the development of flexible lab‐on‐chip biosensors. Here, we present an electrochemical method to prepare stabilizer‐free AuNPs directly on hydrophobic conducting substrates like C‐PDMS without physical or chemical pre‐treatment of the C‐PDMS substrate. Using a potentiostatic triple pulse strategy, spherical, non‐stabilized AuNPs of diameter 76±5 nm could be deposited within 5 s with narrow size‐dispersion on the hydrophobic C‐PDMS substrate in the absence of any structure directing or stabilizing agent. The detailed investigation of the mechanism of electrochemical formation of gold seeds and their three‐dimensional growth on the hydrophobic surface along with nanomechanical atomic force—scanning electrochemical microscopy (QNM‐AFM‐SECM) characterization as well as conductive AFM allowed developing this fast electrochemical strategy with control in the desired size and size‐dispersion of AuNPs. A detailed electrochemical investigation using cyclic voltammetry, anodic differential pulse voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was conducted to characterize the electrochemical behavior of uncapped AuNPs deposited on C‐PDMS. The Fc+(MeOH)2/Fc(MeOH)2 redox reaction at AuNPs‐C‐PDMS showed an improved charge transfer coefficient and heterogeneous charge transfer rate constant compared to the bare C‐PDMS substrate.
Aggregation Behavior of Non‐ionic Twinned Amphiphiles and Their Application as Biomedical Nanocarriers
Authors: Singh Abhishek K. , Thota Bala N. S. , Schade Boris , Achazi Katharina , Khan Abdullah , Böttcher Christoph , Sharma Sunil K. , Haag Rainer 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA new class of twinned amphiphiles was developed by conjugating a pair of hydrophilic head groups from mPEG chains (Mn: 350 or 1000) and a pair of hydrophobic segments from linear alkyl chains (C11 or C18) through a novel spacer synthesized from glycerol and p‐hydroxybenzoic acid. The aggregation phenomena of the amphiphiles were proven by DLS and fluorescence experiments, whereas size and morphology of the aggregates were evaluated by cryo‐TEM. The measurements proved the formation of globular, thread‐like or rod‐like micelles as well as planar double‐layer assemblies, depending on the amphiphile's molecular structure. The applicability of these non‐ionic amphiphilic systems as nanocarriers for hydrophobic guest molecules was demonstrated by encapsulating a hydrophobic dye, Nile Red, and a hydrophobic drug, Nimodipine. The transport capacity results for both Nimodipine and Nile Red prove them as a promising candidate for drug delivery.
Preparation, Structural Determination, and Characterization of Electronic Properties of [5,6]‐ and [6,6]‐Carbosilylated Sc3N@Ih‐C80
Authors: Kako Masahiro , Sugiura Takeshi , Miyabe Kyosuke , Yasui Masanori , Yamada Michio , Maeda Yutaka , Guo Jing‐Dong , Nagase Shigeru , Akasaka Takeshi 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPhotochemical carbosilylation of Sc3N@Ih‐C80 with silirane 1 afforded two corresponding [5,6]‐adducts, 2 and 3, and a [6,6]‐adduct, 4. The structural and electronic properties of these products were characterized by means of spectroscopic, electrochemical, and theoretical methods. The structure of 2 was disclosed by means of single‐crystal X‐ray crystallographic analysis. Thermal isomerization of 3 to 2 was observed, whereas that of 2 to 3 proceeded less efficiently at 100 °C. Upon heating under the same conditions, adduct 4 underwent facile decomposition to afford Sc3N@Ih‐C80, or isomerized into small amounts of 2 and 3. The relative stabilities of 2, 3, and 4 were rationalized through the results of theoretical calculations. In contrast, adducts 2, 3, and 4 were stable under the photolytic conditions employed for carbosilylation. The photochemical functionalization of Sc3N@Ih‐C80 represents a convenient synthetic method to obtain thermally labile fullerene‐based products.
University Metadata and Retrieval: The Death of the Library Catalog?
Authors: Liu Ying‐Hsang 
Published: April 2017

EDITOR'S SUMMARYControlled vocabularies or languages are widely used in the field of information retrieval, but questions of whether they are necessary or more effective than free text searching have been unanswered. With the widespread use of free text searching in popular search engines, many in the information retrieval field have wondered how to make controlled vocabularies more useful or effective. Recent studies on this subject have revealed that while controlled vocabularies can produce more precise search results, user characteristics can potentially match those results in the right environment. These studies included a multitude of users from different backgrounds with different search environments. Some of the most important findings of these studies demonstrate that the skill of users and indexers can affect search outcomes just as much as controlled vocabularies.
Big Data's Impact on Privacy for Librarians and Information Professionals
Authors: Harper Lindsey M. , Oltmann Shannon M. 
Published: April 2017

EDITOR'S SUMMARYIn a digital age, it is very difficult to maintain complete privacy when posting on social media or making purchases. Individual activity on the internet is increasingly collected by corporations, even with the user's knowledge, and can be used to predict future behavior, purchasing choices or other sensitive subjects. This data analysis is often done without a user's consent and in many cases presents unethical behavior and breaches of privacy. In the world of libraries, the privacy of patrons has been tantamount for decades, but trying to keep up with privacy codes and still make use of this big data can be challenging for librarians. Big data can be beneficial to libraries in many ways, and if pointed at library systems, rather than the habits of patrons, can also keep privacy intact.
2016 ASIS&T Annual Lecture at Napier University
Authors: Pitkin Kirsty 
Published: April 2017

EDITOR'S SUMMARYIn the modern age of the internet, computers and smartphones, we have access to incredible amounts of information. However, often what we seek from this information is knowledge, which can be expressed as raw information that has been reproduced and curated. Professor Steve Fuller discussed this divide at the 2016 ASIS&T Annual Lecture at Napier University on November 30. Fuller discusses the idea that raw information must be curated and edited in order to express actual knowledge, but in the act of reproducing the information for this purpose, data can become distorted and omitted. Fuller cites Wikileaks as a source of raw information that was handed to media outlets to edit and present as knowledge. Wikipedia is another domain that has become one of the most cited centers of knowledge, but allows anyone to curate information and remains unstudied as a whole.
Multifinger interaction between remote users in avatar‐mediated telepresence
Authors: Lee Youjin , Lee Sukwon , Lee Sung‐Hee 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn avatar‐mediated telepresence, remote users find it difficult to engage and maintain contact, such as a handshake, with each other without a haptic device. We address the problem of adjusting an avatar's pose to promote multifinger contact interaction between remote users. To this end, we first construct a contact point database for nine types of contact interactions between hands through contact experiments with human subjects. We then develop an optimization‐based framework to compute the avatar's pose that realizes the desired contact learned from the experiment while maintaining the naturalness of the hand pose. We show that our method improves the quality of hand interaction for the predefined set of social interactions.
Reconnecting with the past in social media: The moderating role of social influence in nostalgia marketing on Pinterest
Authors: Youn Seounmi , Jin Seunga Venus 
Published: April 2017

AbstractNostalgia marketing practices in social media help brands link consumers with happier times from the past. A randomized 2 (evoked nostalgia: high vs. low) × 2 (social influence: high vs. low) between‐subjects factorial design experiment was conducted to examine the effects of nostalgia and social influence on consumers' judgments in the brand management context of Pinterest boards. The results revealed the strong main effect of evoked nostalgia on consumers' attitudes toward the Pinterest board and the brand, purchase intention, willingness to pass along branded pins, and brand–consumer relationship quality. Furthermore, this study discovered the significant moderating role of social influence for all dependent measures. Strongly (vs. weakly) evoked nostalgia generated more favorable responses only when social influence was high. In contrast, there were no significant differences between strongly and weakly evoked nostalgia when social influence was low. Theoretical contributions to the nostalgia literature and managerial implications for social media marketing are discussed.
In‐Situ Thermal Battery Discharge using NiS2 as a Cathode Material
Authors: Payne Julia L. , Percival Julia D. , Giagloglou Kyriakos , Crouch Christina J. , Carins George M. , Smith Ronald I. , Comrie Robert , Gover Richard K. B. , Irvine John T. S. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractNiS2 is a cathode material found in primary batteries which operate at high temperature. Herein we report the in situ battery discharge study of a thermal battery cell which uses NiS2 as a cathode, using simultaneous collection of powder neutron diffraction data and electrochemical data. Five different regions were observed upon battery discharge and the evolution of nickel sulfide phases has been studied. Four different nickel‐containing phases are observed during discharge (NiS2, NiS, Ni3S2 and Ni). A new discharge mechanism has been proposed which does not include Ni7S6. Multiphase quantitative Rietveld refinement has allowed the percentages of the phases to be monitored during discharge. High intensity synchrotron powder X‐ray diffraction has been used to study the resulting phases present in the cathode after battery discharge.
Modification Based on MoO3 as Electrocatalysts for High Power Density Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Cao Liuyue , Skyllas‐Kazacos Maria , Wang Da‐Wei 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMolybdenum oxide MoO3 has been widely used in catalysts and electrochemical energy devices, but, to date, has not been investigated as an electrocatalyst in redox flow cells. In this study, MoO3 in the form of micro‐flakes was introduced onto carbon paper as an electrocatalyst and MoO42− as electrolyte additive for the vanadium redox couple reactions in the vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). When the carbon paper was modified with MoO3 or MoO42− added to the electrolyte, the peak potential separations were measured as 171 and 203 mV for V2+/V3+ and 130 and 111 mV VO2+/VO2+ redox reactions, respectively, as compared with 306 and 144 mV for the bare pre‐treated carbon paper. A vanadium redox flow cell with MoO3‐CP electrodes exhibited a voltage efficiency of 85.4 % at 100 mA cm−2. The power density reached 200 mW cm−2 at a current density of 150 mA cm−2 when cycled within the voltage range of 0.6–1.7 V. These results indicate that MoO3‐based modification is a promising method for high power density VRFB applications.
Electrochemical In Situ Formation of a Stable Ti‐Based Skeleton for Improved Li‐Storage Properties: A Case Study of Porous CoTiO3 Nanofibers
Authors: Liu Si‐Yu , Fan Chao‐Ying , Wang Han‐Chi , Zhang Jing‐Ping , Wu Xing‐Long 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBimetallic transition‐metal oxides, which exhibit superior electrochemical properties compared with pristine single‐metal oxides, have recently become a topic of significant research interest for applications in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, we report a simple and scalable electrospinning method to synthesize porous CoTiO3 nanofibers as the precursor for nanostructured bimetallic transition‐metal oxides formed electrochemically in situ. This strategy ensures uniform mixing and perfect contact between two constituent transition‐metal oxides during the lithiation/delithiation process. Furthermore, CoTiO3 nanofibers based on ultrafine CoTiO3 nanocrystals are interconnected to form a nano/microstructured 3D network, which ensures the high stability of the in situ formed structure composed of bimetallic transition‐metal oxides, and also fast ion/electron transfer and electrolyte penetration into the electrode. Electrochemical measurements revealed the excellent lithium storage (647 mAh g−1 at 0.1 Ag−1) and retention properties (600 mAh g−1 at 1 Ag−1 after 1200 cycles) of the CoO/TiO2 electrode. Moreover, the electrochemical reaction mechanism was explored by using ex situ X‐ray photoelectric spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry tests, which confirmed the two‐phase reaction processes in the electrodes. These results clearly validate the potential of CoTiO3 with a unique nano/microstructured morphology as the precursor for a bimetallic transition‐metal oxide for use as the anode material for long‐life LIBs.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Alkylation of Secondary Alcohols with Primary Alcohols via Borrowing Hydrogen/Hydrogen Autotransfer
Authors: Freitag Frederik , Irrgang Torsten , Kempe Rhett 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAlcohols are promising sustainable starting materials because they can be obtained from abundant and indigestible biomass. The substitution of expensive noble metals in catalysis by earth abundant 3d metals, such as Mn, Fe, or Co, (nonprecious or base metals) is a related key concept with respect to sustainability. Here, we report on the first cobalt‐catalyzed alkylation of secondary alcohols with primary alcohols. Easy‐to‐synthesize and easy‐to‐activate PN5P‐pincer‐ligand‐stabilized Co complexes developed in our laboratory mediate the reaction most efficiently. The catalysis is applicable to a broad substrate scope and proceeds under relatively mild conditions. We have even demonstrated the coupling of a variety of purely aliphatic alcohols with a base or nonprecious metal catalyst. Mechanistic studies indicate that the reaction follows the borrowing hydrogen or hydrogen autotransfer concept.
Alkyne‐Substituted N‐Heterophenes
Authors: Hahn Sebastian , Koser Silke , Hodecker Manuel , Tverskoy Olena , Rominger Frank , Dreuw Andreas , Bunz Uwe H. F. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of novel S‐shaped N‐heterophenes is reported. The targets contain a central anthracene connected to two heterophenanthrene units. N‐Heterophenes are synthesized by reacting Boldt's 1,2,6,7‐anthracenetetraone with different dialkynylated ortho‐diaminobenzenes. The condensation yields range from 63 to 75 %; all of the N‐heterophenes are stable and isolable.
The Kinetics of Growth of Metallo‐supramolecular Polyelectrolytes in Solution
Authors: Munzert Stefanie Martina , Stier Simon P. , Schwarz Guntram , Weissman Haim , Rybtchinski Boris , Kurth Dirk G. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSeveral transition metal ions, like Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ complex to the ditopic ligand 1,4‐bis(2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridin‐4′‐yl)benzene (L). Due to the high association constant, metal‐ion induced self‐assembly of Fe2+, Co2+, and Ni2+ leads to extended, rigid‐rod like metallo‐supramolecular coordination polyelectrolytes (MEPEs) even in aqueous solution. Here, we present the kinetics of growth of MEPEs. The species in solutions are analyzed by light scattering, viscometry and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo‐TEM). At near‐stoichiometric amounts of the reactants, we obtained high molar masses, which follow the order Ni‐MEPE≈Co‐MEPE<Fe‐MEPE. The experiments indicate that the kinetics of MEPE growth follows a reversible step‐growth mechanism. The forward polymerization rate constants follow the order Co‐MEPE<Fe‐MEPE<Ni‐MEPE and the growth of MEPEs can be accelerated by adding potassium acetate.
A 1,2‐Addition Pathway for C(sp2)−H Activation at a Dinickel Imide
Authors: Powers Ian G. , Kiattisewee Cholpisit , Mullane Kimberly C. , Schelter Eric J. , Uyeda Christopher 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA dinickel imido complex was synthesized using a redox‐active naphthyridine‐diimine supporting ligand. Upon coordination of an external ligand, the Ni2 core was disrupted, triggering an aromatic C−H activation reaction to generate a Ni2(μ‐NHAr)(Ar) species. This intermediate is capable of liberating free carbazole and phenanthridine products upon heating or treatment with excess tBuNC. Collectively, these studies establish a kinetically facile 1,2‐addition mechanism for C(sp2)−H activation, taking advantage of cooperative reactivity between two Ni centers.