bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Existence and general stabilization of the Timoshenko system of thermo-viscoelasticity of type III with frictional damping and delay terms
Authors: Chen Miaomiao , Liu Wenjun , Zhou Weican 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the following Timoshenko system of thermo-viscoelasticity of
type III with frictional damping and delay terms:

{

ρ
1

⁢

φ

t
⁢
t

-

K
⁢

(

φ
x

+
ψ

)

x

=
0

,

(
x
,
t
)

∈

(
0
,
1
)

×

(
0
,
∞
)

,

ρ
2

⁢

ψ

t
⁢
t

-

b
⁢

ψ

x
⁢
x

+

K
⁢

(

φ
x

+
ψ

)

+

β
⁢

θ
x

=
0

,

(
x
,
t
)

∈

(
0
,
1
)

×

(
0
,
∞
)

,

ρ
3

⁢

θ

t
⁢
t

-

δ
⁢

θ

x
⁢
x

+

γ
⁢

ψ

t
⁢
t
⁢
x

+

∫
0
t

g
⁢

(

t
-
s

)

⁢

θ

x
⁢
x

⁢

(
s
)

⁢

d
s

+

μ
1

⁢

θ
t

⁢

(
x
,
t
)

+

μ
2

⁢

θ
t

⁢

(
x
,

t
-
τ

)

=
0

,

(
x
,
t
)

∈

(
0
,
1
)

×

(
0
,
∞
)

,

\left\{\begin{aligned} &\displaystyle\rho_{1}\varphi_{tt}-K(\varphi_{x}+\psi)_%
{x}=0,&&\displaystyle(x,t)\in(0,1)\times(0,\infty),\\
&\displaystyle\rho_{2}\psi_{tt}-b\psi_{xx}+K(\varphi_{x}+\psi)+\beta\theta_{x}%
=0,&&\displaystyle(x,t)\in(0,1)\times(0,\infty),\\
&\displaystyle\rho_{3}\theta_{tt}-\delta\theta_{xx}+\gamma\psi_{ttx}+\int_{0}^%
{t}g(t-s)\theta_{xx}(s)\,\mathrm{d}s+\mu_{1}\theta_{t}(x,t)+\mu_{2}\theta_{t}(%
x,t-\tau)=0,&&\displaystyle(x,t)\in(0,1)\times(0,\infty),\end{aligned}\right.

together with initial datum and boundary conditions of Dirichlet type, where g is a positive non-increasing relaxation function and

μ
1

,

μ
2

{\mu_{1},\mu_{2}}

are positive constants.
Under a hypothesis between the weight of the delay term and the weight of the friction damping term,
we prove the global existence of solutions by using the Faedo–Galerkin approximations together with some energy estimates.
Then, by introducing appropriate Lyapunov functionals, under the imposed constrain on the above two weights, we establish a general energy decay result from which the exponential and polynomial types of decay are only special cases.
Partial differential hemivariational inequalities
Authors: Liu Zhenhai , Zeng Shengda , Motreanu Dumitru 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to introduce and study a new class of
problems called partial differential hemivariational inequalities
that combines evolution equations and hemivariational inequalities.
First, we introduce the concept of strong well-posedness for mixed
variational quasi hemivariational inequalities and establish metric
characterizations for it. Then we show the existence of solutions
and meaningful properties such as measurability and upper
semicontinuity for the solution set of the mixed variational
quasi hemivariational inequality associated to the partial
differential hemivariational inequality. Relying, on these properties
we are able to prove the existence of mild solutions for partial
differential hemivariational inequalities. Furthermore, we show the
compactness of the set of the corresponding mild trajectories.
Existence and Multiplicity of Periodic Solutions for Dirichlet–Neumann Boundary Value Problem of a Variable Coefficient Wave Equation
Authors: Ji Shuguan , Gao Yang , Zhu Wenzhuang 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the periodic solutions of a variable coefficient wave equation which models the forced vibrations of a nonhomogeneous string and the propagation of seismic waves in nonisotropic media. Under Dirichlet–Neumann boundary conditions, we find some important properties for the variable coefficient wave operator. Then, based on these properties, we obtain the existence and multiplicity of periodic solutions by using the Leray–Schauder degree theory.
The learner’s own language
Authors: Kerr Philip 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe learner’s own language (commonly referred to as ‘L1’ or ‘first language’) has been neglected as a resource in the learning of another language and, in some contexts, it has been banned altogether. The arguments in favour of own-language exclusion are not supported by research and the policy is not followed by a majority of teachers. A reconsideration of these arguments and an awareness of practical suggestions for drawing on the learners’ own language as a resource for learning may help language teachers to enrich their repertoire of teaching techniques and activities.
Four different Phytophthora species that are able to infect Scots pine seedlings in laboratory conditions
Authors: Tkaczyk Miłosz , Sikora Katarzyna , Nowakowska Justyna A. , Aniśko Ewa , Oszako Tomasz , Belbahri Lassaâd , Milenković Ivan 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
To investigate susceptibility of young Scots pine seedlings to four Phytophthora species: Phytophthora cactorum, Phytophthora cambivora, Phytophthora plurivora and Phytophthora pini; seven-day-old seedlings of Scots pine (15 seedlings per experiment) were infected using agar plugs of the respective species. Control group also consisted of 15 seedlings and was inoculated with sterile agar plugs. Results unambiguously show that after 4.5 days, all seedlings show clear signs of infection and display severe symptoms of tissue damage and necrosis. Moreover, three and two seedlings in the P. cactorum and P. cambivora infected seedlings groups, respectively, collapsed. The length of largest necrosis measured 13.4±3.90 mm and was caused by P. cactorum. To rule out any putative contamination or infection by secondary pathogens, re-isolations of pathogens from infection sites were performed and were positive in 100% of plated pieces of infected seedlings. All re-isolations were, however, negative in the case of the control group. Detailed microscopic analyses of infected tissues of young seedlings confirmed the presence of numerous Phytophthora species inside and on the surface of infected seedlings. Therefore, our results suggest Phytophthora spp. and mainly P. cactorum and P. cambivora as aggressive pathogens of Scots pine seedlings and highlight a putative involvement of these species in the damping off of young Scots pine seedlings frequently observed in forest nurseries.
Insecticidal activity of alpha-cypermethrin against small banded pine weevil Pissodes castaneus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in forest plantations and thickets
Authors: Prokocka Aleksandra , Skrzecz Iwona , Sowińska Alicja , Wolski Robert , Janiszewski Wojciech 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) plantations and thickets damaged by biotic and abiotic factors are particularly attractive to small-banded pine weevil Pissodes castaneus, whose larvae excavate feeding tunnels in the stems of young trees, causing their death. There are no chemical methods that can be applied to protect forest plantations and thickets against this pest. Therefore, the studies were undertaken aimed at the assessment of the efficacy of alpha-cypermethrin used to reduce the numbers of this pest within restock areas. The scope of work included laboratory and field estimation of insecticidal activity of alpha-cypermethrin.
In laboratory, the beetles of P. castaneus were reared on P. sylvestris twigs treated with five concentrations of alpha-cypermethrin (0.0001–1%) formulated as Fastac Forest 15 SC. Insect mortality was calculated during 7-day rearing and median lethal concentration LC50 was calculated. The field treatments consisted of spraying of four-year old Scots pines with the insecticide in concentrations of 2% and 4%.
In laboratory conditions, the insecticide used at five different concentrations caused a 7–95% mortality of the beetles (LC50 = 0.266%), while field sprays resulted in a 1.5–3.5-fold reduction in the colonization of trees and in higher pest mortality rates.
The results indicate the possibility of using of alpha-cypermethrin in protecting the forest against P. castaneus and can be the basis for the development of chemical method used in the forestry practice.
Wood quality and value production in mixed fir-spruce-beech stands: long-term research in the Western Carpathians
Authors: Petráš Rudolf , Mecko Julián , Bošeľa Michal , Šebeň Vladimír 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Stem quality and damage was evaluated in mixed spruce-fir-beech stands. Moreover, an assortments structure was determined with their financial value. Results were compared with pure spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.), fir (Abies alba Mill.) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands. Repeated measurements on 31 long-term research plots, stand assortment models, assortment yield models and value yield models were used. Stem quality of fir and spruce was only slightly lower in mixed stands compared to pure stands but beech stem quality was considerably worse in mixed stands. Fir and spruce had slightly lower proportions of better IIIA quality logs and higher proportions of IIIB quality in mixed stands. Beech had worse assortment structure than spruce and fir, in general. Pure beech stands had higher proportions of better I–IIIA quality assortments than mixed stands by 1–7%. Fir and spruce average value production (€ m−3) culminated at about 56 and 62 cm mean diameters. Almost the same value production was found in pure stands. In these stands it culminated at the mean diameter of 58 and 60 cm. Beech produced substantially less value on the same sites. In mixed stands, its value production culminated at the mean diameter of 40 cm. In pure stands, it culminated at the mean diameter of 36 cm. Although the production was found to be similar in both mixed and pure forests, higher damage intensity and less stem quality in mixed forests suggest that the pure forests can be more profitable.
Wind – an important ecological factor and destructive agent in forests
Authors: Konôpka Bohdan , Zach Peter , Kulfan Ján 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWind is both an ecological provider and disturbance facilitator influences trees and other organisms in forests. Impacts of wind on induvidual trees and forests mainly depend on the strength (or intensity) of the wind and the stability of the trees. Wind causes large-scale damage to forests and serious economical losses for the forestry sector within Europe. Therefore, knowledge of interactions between wind and trees and/or forests provides the baseline for developing adequate prevention or mitigation of the negative consequences associated with wind disturbances in forest ecosystems. Herein, we analyse the wind as an ecological and disturbance factor in forests in Europe, emphasising forests in Slovakia. Here, strong winds destroy mostly spruce dominated forests in the following regions; Orava, High and Low Tatra Mountains, Great Fatra Mountains, Pohronie, Poľana Mountains and Slovak Ore Mountains. Increasing volumes of timber damaged by windstorms have been documented since 1961, with the maximum damage recorded in 2004. Yearly volumes of damaged timber of approximately 2.5 mil. m3are predicted from 2016 to 2030. This highlights the data requirement regarding wind disturbances for integrated forest protection against dangerous winds and other disturbance agents in forest ecosystems in Slovakia and other European countries.
Reconstruction of graded groupoids from graded Steinberg algebras
Authors: Ara Pere , Bosa Joan , Hazrat Roozbeh , Sims Aidan 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
We show how to reconstruct a graded ample Hausdorff groupoid with topologically principal
neutrally graded component from the ring structure of its graded Steinberg algebra over
any commutative integral domain with 1, together with the embedding of the canonical
abelian subring of functions supported on the unit space.
We deduce that diagonal-preserving ring isomorphism of Leavitt path algebras implies

C
*

{C^{*}}

-isomorphism
of

C
*

{C^{*}}

-algebras for graphs E and F in which every cycle has an exit.
Authenticated commutator key agreement protocol
Authors: Ushakov Alexander 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe original commutator key agreement (CKA) protocol is a two party anonymous key agreement protocol invented by I. Anshel, M. Anshel and D. Goldfeld. In this paper we propose a modification of the CKA protocol with mutual authentication without introducing any additional computational assumptions. In addition, we propose a new zero-knowledge Feige–Fiat–Shamir-type authentication protocol.
The status of polycyclic group-based cryptography: A survey and open problems
Authors: Gryak Jonathan , Kahrobaei Delaram 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPolycyclic groups are natural generalizations of cyclic groups but with more complicated algorithmic properties. They are finitely presented and the word, conjugacy, and isomorphism decision problems are all solvable in these groups. Moreover, the non-virtually nilpotent ones exhibit an exponential growth rate. These properties make them suitable for use in group-based cryptography, which was proposed in 2004 by Eick and Kahrobaei [
Laboratory and Statistical Analysis of Chosen Concentrating Table Technological Parameters Influence on Coal Sludge Enrichment Process
Authors: Mazurek Michał , Manowska Anna , Jendruś Rafał 
Published: October 2016

AbstractConcentrating tables are a group of one of the oldest and most precise gravitational concentrators with a broad spectrum of application. They were used mainly for the anthracite enrichment process in the domestic coal industry. Conducted research prove that they can be also used for the enrichment of fine grained coals types. The article discusses the results of coal sludge enrichment using WILFLEY concentration tables, as the results obtained show that coal sludge enrichment using these concentration tables allows for the production of coal concentrates and half-products of satisfying quality parameters, the ash content of which varies between several and a dozen or so percent. The reciprocal connection between the actual contents and enrichment process has been determined based on a dependency analysis between the changing characteristics. The correlation analysis allowed for an evaluation of the dependencies between the technological parameters of the enrichment process and the obtained qualitative-quantitative parameters results, which allows the given mineral enrichment process to perform correctly. The enrichment process of the studied sludge has been performed using the most unfavorable construction parameters i.e. using sulcate plate, its inclination angle remained at 6°, furthermore studied material has not been hyphenated.
Sulphides in Hard Coal Seams from the Orzesze Beds s.s. of Mudstone Series (Westphalian B) in the Eastern Part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin
Authors: Bielowicz Barbara , Misiak Jacek 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Due to dynamic climatic changes resulting, among others, from the use of coal, the content of harmful substances in coal is of particular importance. Dangerous air pollution resulting from the burning of coal (e.g. As, Se, Hg, Pb, Sb) is often associated with sulfide minerals in coal. The study focused on the sulphides occurring in Polish hard coal deposits. Sulfides are one of the forms of occurrence of sulfur in coal. In this paper, an emphasis has been placed on on the characteristics of forms of occurrence of sulphides on both macroscopic and microscopic scale and on the chemical analysis in the micro area. The study has been conducted for the No. 301–308 seams from the eastern part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, stratigraphically belonging to the highest part of the Orzesze Beds s.s. (Westphalian B). The coal samples have been collected from the coal seams in the underground excavations of the following coal mines: Jan Kanty, Sobieski Jaworzno I, Wesoła and Ziemowit hard coal mine.
Iron sulfides (pyrite, marcasite) in coal seams of the Orzesze Beds s.s. form various forms of macroscopically visible aggregates. These include massive, vein, pocket-like (impregnation) or dispersed forms. On the basis of microscopic observations, the following forms of occurence of iron sulphides in the tested coal have been determined: skeletal and massive vein forms, massive pocket-like (impregnation) forms, framboidal pyrite and euhedral crystals. The most common form of sulfides in the studied coal seams are vein forms cutting across bedding, usually creating complex dendritic and skeletal forms. Iron sulfides often occur in pocket-like (impregnation) forms, not directly linked with vein forms and fusinite. The WDS analysis in the micro area has revealed the chemical composition of sulfides in eight coal samples. As follows from the analysis, the tested coal seams are dominated by FeS2 iron sulfides. It has been shown that the iron sulfides contained small admixtures of Pb, Hg, Zn, Cu, Ag, Co Sb and Ni. The admixtures of As and Cd have been observed only in individual minerals. Lead, reaching up to 1.06%, has the highest concentration out of all admixtures in pyrite and marcasite. Small amounts of galena, titanium oxides (rutile), monazite and barite have also been found in the tested coal samples. Locally, vein forms, pyrite and dolomite were interlaying each other; the same applies to pyrite and apatite. In addition, dolomite fills part of the cells in fusinite.
Comparison of chemical composition of the essential oils from different parts of Thuja occidentalis L. ‘Brabant’ and T. occidentalis L. ‘Smaragd’
Authors: Lis Anna , Liszkiewicz Rozalia , Krajewska Agnieszka 
Published: October 2016

Summary

Introduction:
Thuja occidentalis ‘Brabant’ and T. occidentalis ‘Smaragd’ are widely planted as decoration in parks and as hedges in domestic gardens in Poland.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the yield and the composition of essential oils from different parts of these cultivars.

Methods: The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation, and then analyzed by GC/MS.

Results: Over seventy compounds were identified. The oils from leaves, twigs with leaves and twigs without leaves of ‘Brabant’ variety contained mainly α-thujone (61.0–64.4%), β-thujone (10.4–10.7%) and fenchone (7.7–8.0%), whereas in the cone oil there were α-thujone (42.1%), sabinene (11.2%) and β-thujone (10.2%). The main constituents of the oil from leaves and twigs with leaves of ‘Smaragd’ variety were α-thujone (49.2–49.3%), beyerene (12.8–13.2%) and sabinene (8.9–9.3%).

Conclusions: The yield and chemical composition of the essential oil of T. occidentalis depend on the variety and plant organ. The oil of ‘Brabant’ variety contained more thujones and less diterpenes in comparison with the oil of ‘Smaragd’ variety.
Application of multi-shoots cultures in micropropagation of willow herb (Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop.)
Authors: Dreger Mariola , Wegenke Jolanta , Makowiecka Joanna , Michalik Tomasz , Wielgus Karolina 
Published: October 2016

Summary

Introduction: Willow herb (Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop. syn. Epilobium angustifolium L. from Onagraceae family is a valuable medicinal plant that has been used in the treatment of urogenital disorders including BPH (Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy). The raw material is a rich source of polyphenols as well as steroids, triterpenoids and fatty acids. Due to frequent interspecific hybridization, plants collected in wild display a very diverse and variable content of active compounds. This poses a challenge in obtaining high quality and homogenous raw material. Application of the in vitro cultures and micropropagation techniques may offer a solution for alternative methods of cultivation.

Objective: This work presents preliminary results of the first implementation of in vitro cultures of willow herb to obtain material for medicinal purposes.

Methods: Sterile seedlings were donors of explants, which were used for induction of multi-shoots culture according to a modified protocol described by Turker and co-workers. Statistical analysis was used for assessment of significance of differences among variables.

Results: Six different genotypes (lines) originating from root explants were chosen for clonal propagation. Efficiency of the elaborated method was 16–20 shoots per explant. Finally, over 3000 acclimatized plants were obtained and used for field crops.

Conclusions: The use of Ch. angustifolium in vitro cultures can contribute to the introduction of this valuable herb for field crops and increase the availability of the raw material for food and pharmaceutical industries.
Development of novel plant-based adjuvant formulation against rubella and hepatitis B vaccine antigen
Authors: Gupta Amit , Chaphalkar Sushama R. 
Published: October 2016

Summary

Introduction: Numerous metabolites present in the aqueous extract from plants are responsible for inducing adjuvant activity against rubella and hepatitis B vaccine antigen (HBsAg). One of the medicinal plants, Adhatoda vasica has been pointed out with great potential of vaccine adjuvant property.

Objective: The objective of our study is to evaluate the adjuvant potential of aqueous leaves extract of Adhatoda vasica against rubella and hepatitis B vaccine antigen (HBsAg).

Methods: For these studies, our group evaluated the antibody (IgG) titre of HBsAg and rubella vaccine antigen using variable doses (0.625–5 mg) of aqueous leaves extract of Adhatoda vasica and also determined the lymphocyte (splenocyte) proliferation assay (0.625–5 mg; 50 μl) in mice model studies ex vivo (i.e. immunized with HBsAg subcutaneously).

Results: The results showed that aqueous leaves extract showed anti-HBsAg and anti-rubella titre and also enhanced the lymphocyte proliferation assay at higher doses (5 mg) as compared to control.

Conclusion: Aqueous leaves extract of Adhatoda vasica showed adjuvant activity against HBsAg and rubella vaccine antigen.
The Long-Run Effects of the Fed’s Monetary Policy on the Dynamics among Major Asset Classes
Authors: Miao Jia 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
It is well known that government monetary policies significantly impact financial markets. There have been numerous studies examining the relationship between monetary policy and the prices of financial assets, including equities and bonds. Little, however, has been done to explore the impact of major financial assets on changes in monetary policies.
This study examines the impacts of the Federal Reserve’s monetary policy on the dynamics of major financial assets in the U. S. For this purpose, cointegration was tested for between equities, bonds and real estate markets in the period 1980 to 2014, whereas the U. S. monetary base M2 was used as an exogenous variable.
Our cointegration tests suggest that the exogenous component of the U. S. M2 significantly affected the interaction among major U. S. financial assets. These findings have implications for both policymakers and market practitioners in terms of portfolio allocation rules.
Improved Markov Chain Monte Carlo method for cryptanalysis substitution-transposition cipher
Authors: Fathi-Vajargah Behrouz , Kanafchian Mohadeseh 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In this paper we first investigate the use of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods to attack classical ciphers. MCMC has previously been used to break simple substitution, transposition and substitution-transposition ciphers. Here, we improve the accuracy of obtained results by these algorithms and we show the performance of the algorithms using quasi random numbers such as Faure, Sobol and Niederreiter sequences.