bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual health literacy among unmarried men attending premarital counseling center in Ardabil, Iran, 2023
Authors: Rashidi Nima , Mashoufi Mehrnaz , Mardi Afrouz , Shadman Atefeh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Sexual health literacy (SHL) is an important predictor of an individual's sexual behavior. However, little is known about this issue among Iranian men. This study aimed to determine sexual health literacy in unmarried men attending the premarital counseling center in Ardabil, Iran, 2023.
Methods
This analytic cross-sectional study was conducted in Ardabil Province between April and October 2023 with unmarried men referred to the only premarriage counseling center. A total of 384 eligible men were included in the study via a simple random sampling method. Data were collected via a demographic questionnaire and a standardized SHELA questionnaire and were analyzed via SPSS software version 27.
Results
Over 50% of the participants had adequate (36%) and excellent (23%) SHL. The results revealed that men’s education level was significantly related to SHL and all of its dimensions (P < 0.05). Additionally, there was a significant correlation between men's occupation and their ability to access SHL (P < 0.05), and urban men had lower levels of SHL than rural men did (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The findings suggest that more than half of the unmarried men had adequate or excellent SHL. Factors such as education, occupation and place of residence had a significant relationship with SHL. More planning and special attention should be given to this topic.
Pay for performance (P4P) and estrangement: A mixed-method study on the physicians’ perceptions of the influence of a new reimbursement system on themselves as professionals, their moral stances, and their work and private lives
Authors: Kavas Mustafa Volkan , Tut Hasan , Şenyürek Gamze , Elhan Atilla Halil 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Pay-for-performance system (P4P) has been in operation in the Turkish healthcare sector since 2004. While the government defended that it encouraged healthcare professionals’ job motivation, and improved patient satisfaction by increasing efficiency and service quality, healthcare professionals have emphasized the system’s negative effects on working conditions, physicians’ trustworthiness, and cost-quality outcomes. In this study, we investigated physicians’ accounts of current working conditions, their status as a moral agent, and their professional attitudes in the context of P4P’s perceived effects on their professional, social, private, and future lives.
Methods
First, we held 3 focus groups with 19 residents and 1 specialist regarding their lived experiences under P4P and thematically analyzed the transcripts. Second, we developed a questionnaire to assess how generalizable the qualitative findings are for a broader group of physicians. The tool has three parts questioning 1) demographic information, 2) working conditions, and 3) perceived consequences and effects of P4P. 2136 physicians responded to the survey. After refining the data, we conducted the statistical analysis over 1378 responses by using Spearman's correlation coefficient, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) for categorical data, and Kruskal-Wallis variance analysis.
Results
Thematic analysis revealed two dimensions: 1) factors leading to estrangement, and 2) manifestations of estrangement. As for the initial, participants thought that P4P affected relationships at work; family and social relationships; working conditions; quality of the specialty training; quality of healthcare services; and it caused healthcare system-related consequences. Concerning the latter, the following themes emerged: Estrangement of the physician; damaging effects on physician’s psychology; physician’s perception of their future life; and physician as a moral agent. According to EFA, a 5-factor structure was appropriate: F1) Estrangement; F2) adverse effects on the physician’s quality of life; F3) favorable consequences; F4) physicians becoming disreputable; F5) unfavorable consequences.
Conclusions
The findings suggest that under P4P, physicians have become more estranged towards their profession, their patients, and themselves. They suffer from deteriorating working conditions, lack of motivation, lack of work-related satisfaction, and hopelessness regarding their future. Furthermore, P4P impairs their ability to realize themselves as moral subjects practicing in alignment with professional values and principles.
A timeless gene-regulated pheromone binding protein governs female mating behavior in Bactrocera dorsalis
Authors: Jiao Yuting , Luo Guohong , Lu Yongyue , Cheng Daifeng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The rhythmic mating behavior of insects has been extensively documented, yet the regulation of this behavior through sex pheromone sensing olfactory genes controlled by the clock genes in the rhythm pathway remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the impact of circadian rhythm on female recognition of male rectal Bacillus-produced sex pheromone in B. dorsolis. Behavioral and electrophysiological assays revealed a peak in both mating behavior and response to sex pheromones in the evening in females. Comparative transcriptome analysis of female heads demonstrated rhythmic expression of the Timeless gene-Tim and odorant binding protein gene-Pbp5, with highest expression levels occurring in the evening. Protein structural modeling, tissue expression patterns, RNAi treatment, and physiological/behavioral studies supported Pbp5 as a sex pheromone binding protein whose expression is regulated by Tim. Furthermore, manipulation of female circadian rhythm resulted in increased morning mating activity, accompanied by consistent peak expression of Tim and Pbp5 during this time period. These findings provide evidence that insect mating behavior can be modulated by clock genes through their effects on sex pheromone sensing processes. Our results also contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying rhythmic insect mating behavior.
Colon Cancer Image Enhancement using Grundwald Letnikov Fractional Order Derivative
Authors: Patowary Sudipta , Tuithung Themrichon 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Fractional calculus, which deals with derivatives and integrals of non-integer order, has gained significant attention over the past decade due to its ability to model complex systems more accurately than traditional integer-order calculus. Many systems in science and engineering exhibit behaviors that cannot be fully described by integer-order derivatives and integrals alone. Fractional-order methods have found significant application in image enhancement, deniosing, texture analysis, image fusion and so on. The first-order (gradient) and second-order (Laplacian) derivatives, are sensitive to abrupt changes in pixel intensities, typically corresponding to edges and corners in images. Fractional-order derivatives can suppress noise more effectively while preserving important image features, leading to smoother and more accurate results in noisy imagesIn this paper, we introduce a novel image processing method utilizing the Grundwald-Letnikov fractional order derivative and applied on EBHI-SEG dataset colon cancer images. This approach effectively suppresses noise and minimizes abrupt changes in pixel intensities, which are typically associated with edges and corners in images. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated using the PSNR (Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio), NAE (Normalized Absolute Error), and SSIM (Structural Similarity Index) metrics. Our method demonstrated superior accuracy compared to existing techniques.
Properties of promising cartilage implants based on cellulose/polyacrylamide composite hydrogels: results of in vivo tests carried out over a period of 90 – 120 days
Authors: Buyanov Alexander L. , Gofman Iosif V. , Bozhkova Svetlana A. , Saprykina Natalia N. , Netyl’ko Georgii I. , Panarin Evgenii F. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

High-strength composite hydrogels “cellulose-polyacrylamide” were synthesized by free-radical polymerization of acrylamide conducted inside the previously formed physical network of regenerated plant cellulose. Partial hydrolysis of the amide groups of these hydrogels yielded their ionic forms with a degree of hydrolysis of 0.1 and 0.25. The cylindrical hydrogel samples of three compositions were implanted in the preformed osteochondral defects of the rabbit’s femoral knee joints. No signs of migration or disintegration of the tested implants were revealed in the course of in vivo tests as long as 90 and 120 days after the implantation. The mechanical behavior of hydrogel samples-implants before implantation and after their removal from the joints of laboratory animals was studied in detail. The morphology and chemical composition of the removed implants were studied by SEM combined with the EDX method. The results obtained were shown that the mechanical characteristics of hydrogel implants remained practically unchanged after in vivo tests. The removed implants, as well as the initial hydrogels, endured cyclic compression loading at the amplitude up to 50 %. Compression stresses up to 3 – 10 MPa were recorded in these tests, which is close to the data obtained by several authors for natural articular cartilages in the same conditions of loading. The principal differences in the chemical composition and morphology of the implant area adjacent to the subchondral bone for non-ionic and ionic types of implants have been revealed. For non-ionic implants in this area intensive mineralization with formation of calcium phosphates inside the polymeric hydrogel network is observed, while the border area of ionic implants practically does not undergo mineralization.
Prevalence, Causes and Complications of Postpartum Haemorrhage in Mbujimayi, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC): a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mpoyi Constantin Mukeba , Mbuyamba Louis Ntobo , Kayindjika Fidel Lumuanga , Mukeba Junior Kasongo , Kadima Clément Mutombo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is the cause of approximately 25% of all deaths of pregnant women worldwide, especially in low-income countries, ranging from 8% in developed areas to 32% in Northern Africa. PPH is defined as blood loss from the genital tract of 500 mL or more in the first 24 hours after the delivery of the baby.
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, causes and complications related to PPH in order to improve its management and reduce the rate of maternal deaths in Mbujimayi.
Methods
It was retrospective cross-sectional study curried out over a period of 5 years, from July 1, 2018 to July 1, 2023 at obstetrics and gynaecology departments of Bonzola Hospital, Christ-Roi Hospital, and Polyclinique SUMEDCO, all located in Mbujimayi, province of Kasai Oriental, in DRC.
Results
During the study period, the prevalence of PPH was 2.77%. Patients aged between 20-29 years old were the most represented with 44.0%. The mean age of the patients was 26.97 years, the median was 26, the mode 25, min 16 years, max 45 years, SD 7.4 and 95%CI of the true mean was lying between 27.44 and 26.5. Multigravida and multipara were the most represented with respectively 48.7%. The patients with history of previous PPH was less represented with 6.2%. The primary PPH was the most represented with 91.3%. Uterine atony was finding to be the first cause of PPH with 41.3%. Anaemia was the most represented complication with 61.8%.
Conclusion
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) remains one of the leading causes of severe maternal morbidity, and the leading cause of direct maternal deaths. Healthcare providers must have the knowledge, skills, and resources to detect and manage PPH for each birth. Anyway, we recommend to Bonzola Hospital, Christ-Roi Hospital, Polyclinique SUMEDCO, and Authorities to facilitate the diagnosis tools of PPH in Mbujimayi.
Primordial neon and the deep mantle origin of kimberlites
Authors: Giuliani Andrea , Kurz Mark , Barry Peter , Curtice Joshua , Stuart Finlay , Oesch Senan , Charbonnier Quentin , Peters Bradley , Koornneef Janne , Szilas Kristoffer , Pearson D Graham 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The genesis of kimberlites – Earth’s deepest-derived melts – remains an unresolved question despite the economic and scientific interest surrounding these diamond-bearing continental magmas. One critical question is whether they tap ancient, deep mantle or the shallow convecting mantle with partial melting triggered by deep-mantle plumes or plate tectonics. To address this question, we report the compositions of He-Ne-Ar isotopes, formidable tracers of the occurrence of primordial material in the mantle, in magmatic fluids trapped in olivine from kimberlites worldwide. We show that two kimberlites have Ne isotopes less nucleogenic than the upper mantle, which unequivocally requires a deep mantle origin. This is corroborated by previous evidence of negative W isotope anomalies and the location of these kimberlites along age-progressive hot-spot tracks. The lack of strong primordial He isotope signatures indicates overprinting by lithospheric and crustal components, which suggests that Ne isotopes are more robust tracers of deep-mantle contributions in intraplate magmas.
Changes in Energy Dynamics in Arsenic Exposure Based Neurotoxicity: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Choudhary Anuj , Pandey Ruchi , Padhy Debiprasad , Rathod Dipak , Murti Krishna , Dave Vivek , Dhingra Sameer , Rachamalla Mahesh , Kumar Nitesh 
Published: September 2024

Background:
The by-product of naturally occurring rock, soil with different
agricultural and industrial processes contaminated groundwater with a toxic metalloid-
Arsenic (As3+), which results in different toxicities within the human body and in developing
fetus.

Aim:
The present study emphasizes evaluating the presence of oxidative stress and excessive
generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction
and caspase activation followed by apoptosis due to arsenic-induced neurotoxicity
along with epigenetic modifications at different molecular targets.

Methods:
Published articles available on PubMed and Scopus were studied and summarized.

Results:
The precise mechanism causing arsenic-induced neurotoxicity at a critical stage
of brain development is still unknown, while increased oxidative stress led to mitochondrial
dysfunctions which are known to play a prominent role in this. AMPK acts as a
metabolic checkpoint and restores ATP levels through a different anabolic pathway in
energy starvation. At the same time, arsenic-induced AMPK activation leads to autophagy
and neuronal cell death.

Conclusion:
This review summarized the molecular mechanisms involved in arsenic-induced
neurotoxicity, which can help develop suitable future ameliorative and therapeutic
strategies.
Oligoprotective Activity of Levetiracetam against Glutamate Toxicity: An In vitro Study
Authors: Alavi Mohaddeseh Sadat , Al-Asady Abdulridha Mohammed , Abbasinezhad-Moud Farzaneh , Rajabian Arezoo , Rastegartizabi Zahra , Sadeghnia Hamid R. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
The role of glutamate in the development of some brain pathological conditions, such
as multiple sclerosis, has been well described. Levetiracetam (LEV), a new broad-spectrum antiseizure
medicine, is widely used to control certain types of seizures. Apart from its anti-seizure activity, LEV exerts
neuroprotection via anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects. The current study was designed
to evaluate the protective potential of LEV against glutamate-induced injury in OLN-93 oligodendrocytes.

Methods:
At first, the potential negative impact of LEV on OLN-93 viability was evaluated. After that, the
cells were concurrently treated with LEV (0-100 μM) and glutamate (8 mM) for 24 h. The viability, redox status,
and the rate of apoptosis of OLN-93 cells were then assessed using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-
2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 2',7' dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA),
2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) assays, respectively.
Moreover, caspase-3 expression, as a marker of cell apoptosis, was evaluated by western blotting.

Results:
LEV at 1-800 μM did not have any negative effect on cell survival. Treatment with LEV (50 and 100
μM) substantially enhanced the cell viability following glutamate insult. The cytoprotective activity of LEV
(50 and 100 μM) against glutamate toxicity was accompanied by reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation
and malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Moreover, 100 μM of LEV inhibited apoptosis and decreased
the expression level of cleaved caspase-3 following glutamate exposure.

Conclusion:
Taken together, the results suggested that LEV has protective effects against glutamate-mediated
cytotoxicity in OLN-93 cells. The oligoprotective action of LEV was shown to be exerted via inhibition of
oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis.
Cpd861 Targeting BCL2 to Alleviate Hepatic Fibrosis: Network Pharmacology, Mendelian Randomization, and Molecular Docking Mechanisms
Authors: Lyu Yaning , Liang Xifeng , Gao Shuang , Li Jing , Li Jinming , Zhang Shuhan , Yin Chenghong , Chi Cheng 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Compound 861 (Cpd861) is a traditional Chinese herbal compound for the treatment
of hepatic fibrosis (HF). In the current investigation, Cpd861 has been demonstrated to have an underlying
molecular mechanism and material foundation for the treatment of HF through network pharmacology, Mendelian
randomization (MR), and molecular docking.

Methods:
Public databases were consulted for Cpd861 constituents and HF targets. Protein-protein interactions
(PPIs) were established using STRING software, followed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia
of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. To elucidate the causal relationship between
potential targets and liver injury, MR was used as a methodological tool. Finally, a molecular docking
analysis was conducted between the active compound and the key target.

Results:
We obtained 174 active ingredients and 113 intersecting genes. Through the PPI network, high-degree
targets were identified, namely CTNNB1, ESR1, FOS, MDM2, CCND1, TP53, RELA, and BCL2. As
shown by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses, Cpd861 functions through xenobiotic stimulus and
oxidative stress-related genes, as well as the PI3K-AKT and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) signaling
pathways. The results of MR showed that MDM2 and BCL2 had a causal relationship with liver injury.
Molecular docking results showed that several active compounds in Cpd861 were stably bound to BCL2.

Results:
We obtained 174 active ingredients and 113 intersecting genes. Through the PPI network, high-degree
targets were identified, namely CTNNB1, ESR1, FOS, MDM2, CCND1, TP53, RELA, and BCL2. As
shown by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses, Cpd861 functions through xenobiotic stimulus and
oxidative stress-related genes, as well as the PI3K-AKT and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) signaling
pathways. The results of MR showed that MDM2 and BCL2 had a causal relationship with liver injury.
Molecular docking results showed that several active compounds in Cpd861 were stably bound to BCL2.

Conclusion:
This study made predictions regarding the efficacious components, as well as potential targets
and pathways of Cpd861 in the therapy of HF. This will open up a new perspective for further investigation of
the molecular mechanism of Cpd861 in the treatment of HF.
Computational Exploration of Isatin Derivatives for InhA Inhibition in Tuberculosis: Molecular Docking, MD Simulations and ADMET Insights
Authors: Patel Vaishali Pavalbhai , Tripathi Rati Kailash Prasad , Dharamsi Abhay 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Anti-tubercular drug discovery is a critical research area aimed at addressing
the global health burden imposed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nowadays, computational
techniques have increased the likelihood of drug development compared to traditional,
labor-intensive, and time-consuming drug design approaches. The pivotal goal of drug design is
to identify compounds capable of selectively targeting protein, thereby disrupting its enzymatic
activity. InhA, or NADH-dependent enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase, stands at the forefront
of targeted approaches in the battle against TB. Isatin derivatives have garnered interest for their
diverse pharmacological activities.

Objective:
To identify novel isatin derivatives that could serve as potential chemical templates
for anti-TB drug discovery by targeting InhA.

Methods:
The present work utilized various computational approaches, including molecular
docking, binding free energy calculations, and conformational alignment studies to investigate
the binding mode and interactions of carefully selected dataset of 88 isatin derivatives within
InhA active site. Study also employed MD simulations of the most promising molecule to check
the stability of the protein-ligand complex and in-silico ADMET profiling of the top compounds
to predict their pharmacokinetic and toxicity properties.

Results:
Results provided insights into the structural features contributing to InhA inhibition,
assessing overall drug-like characteristics of isatin derivatives and identified compound 48
(BA= -10.4 kcal mol-1) with potential for further optimization. MD simulation analysis revealed
that compound 48 binds firmly within the InhA protein, exhibiting minimal conformational
fluctuations and enhanced stability.

Conclusion:
Considering the aforementioned, isatin derivatives represents a novel framework
for creating targeted InhA inhibitors during anti-TB therapy. However, experimental validations
and in-depth analyses are crucial to confirm efficacy and safety of these derivatives as potential
InhA inhibitors for TB treatment.
Three-component Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans Using MMWCNTs-PEG-IL as a Novel Magnetic Immobilized Ionic Liquid
Authors: Laeen Mahdi Behboudi , Pourali Ali Reza 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
A novel immobilized imidazolium type ionic liquid was synthesized using
poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) functionalized magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes. This immobilized
ionic liquid (MMWCNTs-PEG-IL) was characterized by FT-IR, VSM, XRD, FE-SEM and
EDX analysis. Method: Then, it was used as a magnetic catalyst in a three-component reaction to
yield tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives. First, optimized reaction conditions were investigated.
A mixture of containing dimedone (1 mmol), malononitrile (1 mmol), benzaldehyde (1.2 mmol)
and MMWCNTs-PEG-IL (0.03 g) in H2O/EtOH (5 mL) was stirred at 70 °C. After completion of
the reaction, the mixture was cooled. Results: Then, an external magnet was used to separate the
magnetic catalyst. This method has many advantages including high reaction yields, high TOFs,
using non-toxic solvents, easy handling of catalyst, simple separation of catalyst from reaction medium
and short reaction times. Conclusion: Also, the reusability of the magnetic catalyst has been
investigated in 7 runs without serious loss of reaction yield.