bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Valorisation des coques d’anacarde par pyrolyse au Bénin
Authors: Godjo Thierry , Tagutchou Jean-Philippe , Naquin Pascale , Gourdon Rémy 
Published: December 2015

Faced to difficulties to energy access and management of waste from the processing of cashew nuts in Benin, the shells stored in cashew nuts processing plants are directly used as fuel. They are therefore burned in kilns to provide the energy required to produce the heat for embrittlement of nuts, steaming and drying almonds. This non controlled combustion generates significant pollution because CNSL, substance contained in the shells, produces abundant and acrid smoke irritating to eyes. To overcome this problem, we have constructed in Benin two pyrolysis plants on the basis of a reactor designed by CEFREPADE and RON-GEAD. Those reactors have been used in Benin for energy recovery from cashew nut shells. This experiment of promotion of cashew nuts showed that the pyrolysis reactor used can be able to produce gaseous energy of approximately 82% of the hull mass processed and produces about 18% of charcoal. Furthermore, on the energy point of view, the recovered gas corresponds to 74% of the energy of the raw material, while the obtained charcoal (18% of raw material) corresponds to 26% of total energy of fed raw material.
Face aux difficultés d'accès à l'énergie et de gestion des déchets issus de la transformation des noix d'ana-carde au Bénin, les coques stockées dans les usines de transformation sont directement utilisées comme combustibles. Elles sont ainsi brûlées dans des fours pour fournir l'énergie nécessaire à la fragilisation des noix, l'étuvage et le séchage des amandes. Cette combustion non contrôlée génère d'importantes nuisances car l'huile qui imbibe ces coques produit des fumées âcres et irritantes pour les yeux. Pour pallier ce pro-blème, nous avons construit au Bénin deux installations de pyrolyse sur la base d'un modèle de réacteur conçu par CEFREPADE et RONGEAD. Ces pyrolyseurs ont été utilisés au Bénin pour permettre la valorisation des coques de noix d'anacarde en gaz et charbon. Les études réalisées ont montré que le réacteur de pyrolyse utilisé permet de valoriser sous forme de gaz environ 82 % de la masse de coque traitées et produit environ 18 % de charbon. Par ailleurs, du point de vue énergétique, les gaz valorisés correspondent à 74 % de l'énergie des coques traitées, tandis que les 18 % de charbon obtenu correspondent à 26 % de l'énergie totale.
Analyse synthétique des retours d’expérience sur les techniques de compostage dans les pays en développement
Authors: Bromblet Hélène , Somaroo Geeta 
Published: December 2015

Established in 2013, the Re-Source platform aims to boost the activities of material and energy recovery from waste in Africa and the Caribbean. It seeks to promote good practices, develop training modules and diffuse technical and operational recommendations. In this objective, the group publishes synthetic feedback analysis documentsThis article reports feedback analyses related to the implementation of composting techniques in developing countries. Several units in operation in Africa and Haiti have been monitored by Re-Sources partners. The feedback analysis includes compost quality, nature of treated waste, monitoring parameters (temperature, moisture, air supply, grain size, C / N) and the different process stages such as sorting, grinding, hot fermentation and ripening, sifting, packaging and storage. The article gives some design elements, summarizes the most common problems and solutions and provides discussions on the interest of the development of composting in developing countries and recommendations related to technical and operational issues to ensure compost quality and minimize all environmental impacts.
La plateforme Re-Sources, créée en 2013, a pour ambition de dynamiser la valorisation des déchets en Afrique et Caraïbes. Elle s’attache à promouvoir les bonnes pratiques, mettre en place des modules de formation et mener des actions de plaidoyer. Depuis sa création, elle a publié en premier lieu des fiches synthétiques présentant des retours d’expérience des équipes partenaires dans différents domaines.Cet article présente l’analyse faite par la plateforme Re-sources de la mise en œuvre des techniques de compostage dans les pays en développement, qui s’appuie sur le retour d’expérience de plusieurs unités existantes en Afrique et Haïti, suivies par les partenaires de Re-Sources. L’article traite des critères de qualité des composts, de la nature des déchets acceptés, des paramètres de suivi du compostage (température, teneur en eau, apport d’air, granulométrie, rapport C/N) et du procédé de compostage en lui-même, avec des recommandations relatives au tri, au broyage, à la conduite de la fermentation et de la maturation, au tamisage, au conditionnement et au stockage. Il donne quelques éléments de dimensionnement, résume les problèmes les plus fréquents et les solutions proposées. Il conclue sur l’intérêt du développement du compostage dans les pays en développement mais aussi sur les points techniques de vigilance nécessaires pour que cette activité se déroule dans de bonnes conditions.
Ecailles de poissons : nouveau support de biomasse dans les bioréacteurs a lit mobile pour le traitement des effluents des laiteries
Authors: Eljaafari A. , Boutaleb N. , Bahlaouan B. , Taiek T. , Ait Cheikh A. , Jada A. , Bennani M. , Lazar S. , El Antri S. 
Published: December 2015

This study focuses on the biological treatment of organic pollution load of effluents dairies. It proposes a new method. i.e. The use of fish scales Diplodus sargus species, as a solid support for colonization of suspended biomass in the bioreactor moving bed in order to improve the properties and quality of clearance. The results of monitoring the parameters of pollution control (pH, COD, MS, total nitrogen) are promising. Finally the amount of scales necessary has been optimized for economic and ecological reasons.
Cette étude porte sur le traitement par voie biologique de la charge polluante organique des effluents des laiteries. Un déchet de la pêche, des écailles de poissons de l’espèce Diplodus sargus cadenati (Sar Gros, E.SG) a été testé en tant que garnissage support de biofilm dans un bioréacteur à lit mobile, dans le but d’améliorer les performances d’épuration. Les résultats obtenus sur certains paramètres de la dépollution (pH, DCO, MES, azote total) sont prometteurs. La quantité d’écailles nécessaire a été optimisée pour des raisons économiques et écologiques.
Genetic analysis of slaughter and carcass quality traits in crossbred rabbits coming from a diallel cross of four maternal lines
Authors: Mínguez C. , Sáchez J.P. , Ragab M. , El Nagar A.G. , Baselga M. 
Published: December 2015

<p>An experiment was carried out to estimate the genetic group effects and the crossbreeding genetic parameters of slaughter and carcass traits using data on the rabbits that were progeny of does coming from a full diallel cross between 4 maternal lines (A, V, H and LP) mated to bucks of the paternal line R. The rabbits of the 16 genetic groups, corresponding to the type of does of the diallel cross, were distributed in 4 Spanish farms and 1 genetic group (V line) was present in all farms in order to connect records among them and to be used as reference group. Crossbreeding parameters were estimated according to Dickerson’s model. 1896 rabbits were measured for slaughter traits and 950 for carcass traits. The A and LP lines had the lowest values for dressing percentage (–1.71 and –1.98 compared with H line and –1.49 and –1.75 with the V line, respectively). The A line was the heaviest for commercial carcass weight. No relevant differences were observed between the crossbred groups for all traits. Regarding the reciprocal effects, there were significant differences in favour of A line as sire line in the crossbred AV. Regarding the combination of direct and maternal effects, the A line showed significantly higher values for cold carcass weight (133 g., 71 g. and 142 g. compared to the H, LP and V lines). For the same parameter the H line showed significantly higher averages on dressing percentages than A and LP lines, 1.44 and 2.13%, respectively. Line A also showed, in general, better direct- maternal effects than the V line. Grand-maternal effects were less important than direct-maternal ones. The estimates of maternal heterosis were, in general, negative, which could be a consequence of the positive heterosis for litter size. However, despite this relationship between growth and litter traits, it has not been common to find negative maternal heterosis in growth traits. A diminution of dressing percentage was detected in some crossbreds (AL and LV) and care must be taken if these types are used.</p>
Abstracts of the 27th Hungarian conference on rabbit production
Authors: Conferences, Congresses, Symposiums... Abstracts, 
Published: December 2015

<p>About 100 participants took part in the 27th Hungarian Conference on Rabbit Production at Kaposvár, organised by the Kaposvár University, the Hungarian Branch of the WRSA and the Rabbit Production Board. This is the largest and most popular event for rabbit breeders in Hungary. Thirteen papers were presented by senior and young scientists. Topics of the papers covered almost all fields of rabbit research (production, housing and welfare, reproduction, genetics, nutrition). Full papers are available from the organiser (matics.zsolt@ke.hu) on request.</p>
The Effect of Outdoor Weathering on Color Stability of Silicone and Acrylic Resin, Pigments-A Comparative Evaluation: An in vitro Study
Authors: Meshramkar Roseline , Nadiger Ramesh K , Lekha K , Kumar H Dharanendra 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
Maxillofacial prosthetic materials either resin or elastomer used for the fabrication of facial prostheses have their own physical and mechanical properties. Maxillofacial prosthesis frequent replacement because the elastomer or acrylic resin and its pigments undergo color changes.

Purpose
Evaluate the effect of outdoor weathering on color stability of silicone and heat-cure acrylic with two different pigments.

Materials and methods
Total of 80 circular disk specimens, 40 silicone elastomer and 40 heat-cure clear acrylic resin were fabricated in the prepared mold and two dry earth pigments burnt sienna and cobalt blue was added to the specimens and it was subjected to simulated outdoor weathering. Before and after weathering, CIE values of both control and weathering groups were recorded by using spectrophotometer and tabulated. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis.

Results
Silicone elastomer with burnt sienna showed more color change when exposed to weathering followed by silicone with cobalt blue. Heat-cure with cobalt blue had shown some color change, heat-cure and burnt sienna were the most color stable.

Conclusion
From the study, it can be concluded that heat-cure acrylic resin with burnt sienna most color stable than silicone elastomer.

How to cite this article
Lekha K, Kumar HD, Meshramkar R, Nadiger RK. The Effect of Outdoor Weathering on Color Stability of Silicone and Acrylic Resin, Pigments-A Comparative Evaluation: An in vitro Study. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2015;5(3):81-85.
Patient's Perception on the Esthetic Outcome of Anterior Fixed Prosthetic Treatment
Authors: BinSaleh Saad M , Alhawas Yasser 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTOverviewPatient's perception to the esthetic result of the treatment received can be different from a dentist opinion. Understanding patient's opinion, demand and expectation is part of successful treatment procedure.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate patient's opinion about the esthetic result of the fixed prosthetic treatment received in upper anterior teeth.Materials and methodsAbout 90 volunteer subjects, 58 males and 32 females were given a self-evaluation questionnaire with 11 questions to respond as Yes or No. The questions regarded the esthetic result of a fixed prosthodontic treatment received for their upper anterior teeth. The same questioner was completed for each subject by three clinicians through clinical photographs for different views subject's smile. Agreement between patients and clinicians was calculated for all subjects to evaluate patient's perception to their esthetic results.ResultsAn agreement of 47.8 to 72.2% was observed between patients and clinicians, and the average agreement was 53.64 to 60%. The highest agreement was related to satisfaction with the color of the crown and/or bridge margin while the least agreement was related to the satisfaction with the natural looking of the restoration.ConclusionThere was variability in the agreement between the patients and the dentists with the satisfaction of the esthetic result of anterior restoration. Factor, such as gender, age and educational level may affect the results of the agreement.How to cite this articleAlshiddi IF, BinSaleh SM, Alhawas Y. Patient's Perception on the Esthetic Outcome of Anterior Fixed Prosthetic Treatment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):845-849.
Antimicrobial Potential of Momordica charantia L. against Multiresistant Standard Species and Clinical Isolates
Authors: de Freitas Lima Rennaly , de Brito Costa Edja Maria Melo , de Lucena Filho José Hardman Sátiro , de Medeiros Ana Claudia Dantas , Pereira Jozinete Vieira , Granville-Garcia Ana Flávia 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTAimThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal potentialin vitroofMomordica charantiaL. against the microorganisms of clinical interest (standard strains and multiresistant isolates) in order to aggregate scientific information in relation to its use as a therapeutic product.Materials and methodsM. charantiaL. plant material was acquired in municipality of Malta, Paraiba, Brazil. The extract was obtained through maceration, filtration and then concentrated under reduced pressure in a rotary evaporator, resulting in a dough, and was then dried in an oven for 72 hours at 40°C. Antimicrobial action of ethanolic extract of seedM. charantiaL. was evaluated based on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) against standard strains of bacteria, isolates multiresistant bacteria and Candida species, by microdilution in broth method.ResultsAll organisms were sensitive to the extract, being considered strong antimicrobial activity (MIC and MBC/MFC < 0.125 mg/ml).ConclusionTheM. charantiaL. showed strong antimicrobial potential, with bactericidal and fungicidal profile, there is the prospect to constitute a new therapeutic strategy for the control of infections, particularly in multiresistant strains.Clinical significanceThe use of medicinal plants in treatment of infectious processes have an important function nowadays, due to the limitations of the use of synthetic antibiotics available, related specifically to the microbial resistance emergence.How to cite this articlede Lucena Filho JHS, de Freitas Lima R, de Medeiros ACD, Pereira JV, Granville-Garcia AF, de Brito Costa EMM. Antimicrobial Potential ofMomordica charantiaL. against Multiresistant Standard Species and Clinical Isolates. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):854-858.
Evaluation of Apically Extruded Debris and Irrigant Produced by Different Nickel-Titanium Instrument Systems in Primary Teeth
Authors: Kucukyilmaz Ebru , Savas Selcuk , Saygili Gokhan , Uysal Banu 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTAimThe purpose of this study was to determine the amount of extruded debris and irrigant associated with different single-file systems and one multiple-file system.Materials and methodsForty-five newly extracted single rooted primary canine teeth were used in this study. The root canals were instrumented using the reciprocating single-file system, the single-file rotary system and the multiple-file rotary system. A 10–6precision micro-balance was used to calculate the amount of extruded debris and irrigant. The incubation period was set as 15 days at 37°C to obtain dry debris. The preparation time for instrumentation was also recorded. The data were statistically analyzed by Manova and Bonferroni adjustment.ResultsConsidering the apically extruded debris, while there was statistically significant difference between Reciproc and OneShape groups (p < 0.05), no statistically significant difference was found among the other groups (p > 0.05). In terms of irrigation solution, although significant difference was obtained between the Reciproc and other two groups (p < 0.05), no statistically significant difference was obtained between the two rotary instruments (p > 0.05). Instrumentation was significantly faster using Reciproc than with all other instrument (p < 0.05).ConclusionAll systems caused apical debris and irrigant extrusion. Full-sequences rotary instrumentation systems may be preferable for preparation primary teeth.Clinical significanceThis is the first study carrying out to compare both apical debris and irrigation solution extrusion with reciprocal and rotary single-file systems with other preparation systems in primary teeth.How to cite this articleKucukyilmaz E, Savas S, Saygili G, Uysal B. Evaluation of Apically Extruded Debris and Irrigant Produced by Different Nickel-Titanium Instrument Systems in Primary Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):864-868.
Influence of Concentration and Agitation of Sodium Hypochlorite and Peracetic Acid Solutions on Tissue Dissolution
Authors: Tanomaru-Filho Mario , Guerreiro-Tanomaru Juliane Maria , Silveira Bruna Ramos Franco , Martelo Roberta Bosso 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT

Aim and objective
To evaluated the tissue dissolution of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and peracetic acid (PA) solutions at different concentrations, with or without ultrasonic agitation.

Materials and methods
The following solutions were analyzed: 2.5% NaOCl, 0.5, 1 and 2% PA, 1% PA associated with 6.5% hydrogen peroxide (HP) and saline. Fragments of bovine pulp tissue with 25 ± 2g mg were immersed into test tubes containing 4 mL of the solutions for 10 minutes. In the groups with agitation, pulp tissues were submitted to 2 cycles of 1 minute of ultrasonic agitation. The specimens were weighed after the removal from the solutions. The percentage of mass loss was calculated according to the difference of mass before and after exposure to solutions. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests (p . 0.05).

Results
A total of 2.5% NaOCl with or without agitation showed the higher tissue dissolution (between 64.5 and 67% of mass reduction) (p < 0.005). By comparing the PA solutions, the concentrations of 1 and 2% with or without agitation and the concentration of 0.5% with agitation showed similar dissolution activity (between 35.4 and 44% of mass reduction). The use of the ultrasonic agitation promoted an increase of the dissolution ability only for 0.5% PA.

Conclusion
Peracetic acid solution has pulp tissue dissolution. However, this ability is lower than 2.5% NaOCl solution.

Clinical significance
The sodium hypochlorite solution shows higher ability to dissolve tissue than PA.

How to cite this article
Tanomaru-Filho M, Silveira BRF, Martelo RB, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM. Influence of Concentration and Agitation of Sodium Hypochlorite and Peracetic Acid Solutions on Tissue Dissolution. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):876-879.
Effect of Achyranthes aspera, 0.2% Aqueous Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Punica granatum Oral Rinse on the Levels of Salivary Streptococcus mutans in 8 to 12 Years Old Children
Authors: Goel Deepak , Bansal Aayushi , Nigam Anant Gopal 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT

Background and objectives
To study the effect Achyranthes aspera, 0.2% aqueous chlorhexidine gluconate and Punica granatum oral rinse on salivary Streptococcus mutans count in children.

Materials and methods
A total of 60 children of 8 to 12 years of age were randomly allocated into 3 groups. Group A was given 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash, group B was given 10% A. aspera mouthwash and group C was given 15% P. granatum mouthwash. The day 1 saliva samples were collected from the subjects and innoculated onto mitis salivarius bacitracin (MSB) agar. The colony counts were obtained by a clinical microbiologist who was blinded to the subject allocation. Plaque scores were then recorded by the investigator with the help of a volunteer. Following this, they received a thorough scaling and polishing. Subjects in each group were then provided with 140 ml of the respective mouthwash, as a daily supervised rinse after breakfast and before sleeping as per instructions. Following mouth rinsing, the children were instructed not to eat or drink for 15 minutes. At the 7th day, unstimulated saliva was again collected from the subjects of all 3 groups, inoculated onto MSB agar and colony count was obtained. Modified Quigley- Hein plaque index was also evaluated for the refreshed score at this stage. Colony counting was done using loop method and statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software version 21.

Results
All the three mouthwashes showed statistically significant reduction of S. mutans count and plaque index after 7 days, i.e. chlorhexidine (p < 0.001 for reduction in S. mutans count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction), A. aspera (p < 0.01 for reduction in S. mutans count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction) and P. granatum (p < 0.01 for reduction in S. mutans count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction). Chlorhexidine had marginally better results in reducing S. mutans count.
Conclusion
• Efficacy of chlorhexidine, A. aspera and P. granatum was statistically significant with respect to reduction of S. mutans count with chlorhexidine being marginally better than the other two,
• All the three mouthwashes were found to be at par when plaque index values from baseline and after interception of 7 days was calculated,
• Punica granatum has better antimicrobial effect than A. aspera.

How to cite this article
Bansal A, Marwah N, Nigam AG, Goenka P, Goel D. Effect of Achyranthes aspera, 0.2% Aqueous Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Punica granatum Oral Rinse on the Levels of Salivary Streptococcus mutans in 8 to 12 Years Old Children. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):903-909.
CONTRIBUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGAGEMENT AND ENERGETIC INTERACTION IN REINFORCEMENT OF SBR-SILANE–TREATED SILICA COMPOSITES
Authors: Alimardani Mohammad , Razzaghi-Kashani Mehdi , Karimi Reza , Mahtabani Amirhossein 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
We evaluated the significance of mechanical engagement and energetic interaction between a polymer and a filler as two reinforcing mechanisms in SBR composites containing silica modified by short- and long-chain silanes. To exclude mechanical contributions of reinforcement from that of energetic contributions, surface energy of silica particles was systematically adjusted to prepare fillers of identical and diverse surface energies. Having analyzed interactions using a temperature sweep in a small-strain oscillatory test and a uniaxial tension test, results indicated that the chain length of the silane has remarkable influence on energetic filler–filler and filler–polymer interactions, but no detectable difference associated with filler–polymer mechanical engagement was observed from these experiments. However, dynamic strain sweep experiments showed that the rate of breakage of the filler network (Payne effect) is less for the composite having long-chain silane compared to that having short-chain silane. It was hypothesized that this behavior could be correlated to mechanical engagements of long-chain silanes existing on the filler structure.