bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Location of implant‐retained fixed dentures affects oral health‐related quality of life
Authors: Hara Maoko , Matsumoto Takashi , Yokoyama Sawako , Higuchi Daisuke , Baba Kazuyoshi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe effects of the locations of dental implants on treatment outcomes, as evaluated by oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) assessment, remain controversial.PurposeTo investigate the association between the locations of dental implants and changes in OHRQoL.Materials and methodsSixty‐eight subjects received implant treatment in the anterior or posterior region and completed the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) questionnaire before and after treatment. Change in OHIP summary scores and the 4 dimension scores were calculated to evaluate the effects of implant treatment on OHRQoL.ResultsThe mean Oro‐facial Appearance score for the anterior group was significantly higher than that for the posterior group (10.4 ± 5.1 and 7.2 ± 3.8, respectively; P ＝ .005; Effect size = 0.63) at baseline. All questionnaire scores were significantly improved following implant treatment in both groups, and no significant group differences were observed at follow‐up. Regression analysis revealed a significant association between the locations of most anterior implants and changes in the Oro‐facial Appearance score (adjusted R2 = 0.073; P = .015).ConclusionOur results suggest that the locations of dental implants influence OHRQoL impairments and improvements after treatment. This information might be useful in clinical decision‐making.
Phenotype and natural history of variant late infantile ceroid‐lipofuscinosis 5
Authors: Simonati Alessandro , Williams Ruth E , Nardocci Nardo , Laine Minna , Battini Roberta , Schulz Angela , Garavaglia Barbara , Moro Francesca , Pezzini Francesco , Santorelli Filippo M 
Published: May 2017

AimTo characterize the phenotypic profile of a cohort of children affected with CLN5, a rare form of neuronal ceroid‐lipofuscinosis (NCL), and to trace the features of the natural history of the disease.MethodRecords of 15 children (nine males, six females) were obtained from the data sets of the DEM‐CHILD International NCL Registry. Disease progression was measured by rating six functional domains at different time points along the disease course. All patients underwent mutation analysis of the CLN5 gene and ultrastructural investigations of peripheral tissues. Expression of the gene product, pCLN5, was characterized in vitro in six patients.ResultsDisease onset was at 2 to 7 years 6 months of age: impaired learning and cognition were the most common early symptoms. Seizures occurred relatively late (median age 8y) and were the presenting symptoms in two children. Nine mutations were detected in 30 alleles, including six mutations predicting a truncated protein. Mixed cytosomes were observed by electron microscopy. Differences of disease progression were observed in two groups of patients and could be related to their genetic profile.InterpretationClinical features in a multicentre cohort of patients with CLN5 confirm that cognitive difficulties are early clinical markers of this condition. Severe mutations were associated with a more rapid decline of neurological function.
Circadian clustering of spontaneous epileptic seizures emerges after pilocarpine‐induced status epilepticus
Authors: Pitsch Julika , Becker Albert J. , Schoch Susanne , Müller Johannes Alexander , de Curtis Marco , Gnatkovsky Vadym 
Published: May 2017

SummaryObjectiveSeizures in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) associated with hippocampal sclerosis are thought to develop with various latency intervals after an initial transient brain insult. To study seizure dynamics after an initial transient precipitating insult in a systematic fashion, we utilized continuous video–electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring after the induction of status epilepticus (SE) in a mouse MTLE model.MethodsContinuous 24/7 video/telemetric hippocampal EEG recordings in the systemic pilocarpine MTLE mouse model.ResultsAfter SE, we observed emerging seizures interfering with the circadian EEG rhythms. The physiologic circadian EEG pattern of mice was transiently suppressed for 2.9 (mean) ± (SEM) 0.5 days after SE. This period was accompanied predominately by nonconvulsive seizure activity, followed by convulsive seizures at later stages. After the circadian rhythm was restored, spontaneous generalized seizures occurred mainly in a clustered manner in a narrow time window between 4 and 7 p.m. (light cycle 7 a.m./7 p.m.). Moreover, we demonstrate that depth‐electrode implantation surgery transiently disturbs the physiologic EEG circadian cycle; variation of the time point of SE induction after electrode insertion surgery revealed a substantial impact on the epilepsy phenotype, which was more severe when SE occurred after postsurgical reappearance of EEG circadian cycling.SignificanceThese data have several experimental and pathophysiologic implications. The impact of depth‐electrode surgery on the phenotype has to be tightly controlled. In mice monitored after pilocarpine‐induced SE, the “epileptogenesis” period is characterized by the dynamics of epileptiform activity toward behavioral recurrent seizure patterns. The striking clustering of spontaneous seizures at the transition from sleep to activity stages of mice has to be taken into account for future studies on the model. Improving our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that determine the circadian dynamics of seizure threshold remains an intriguing task for the future.
Demand and Revenue Management of Deteriorating Inventory on the Internet: An Empirical Study of Flash Sales Markets
Authors: Sodero Anníbal C. , Rabinovich Elliot 
Published: May 2017

In this study, we investigate demand and revenue management of deteriorating inventory in flash sales markets (FSM). Retailers operating FSM source excess inventories of products from secondary markets in fixed lot sizes and offer them as part of deals that get no replenishments and expire after running for predetermined periods (e.g., 24 hr) or when they sell out, whichever occurs first. We develop a demand forecasting model that incorporates the effects of sentiments conveyed by consumers in discussion forum posts associated with different deals on the deals’ empirical demand rates. We then conduct a survival analysis to find that the empirical demand rates projected from our forecasting model are significant predictors of the deals’ actual time to stockout, even after controlling for their initial inventory provisions and markdowns. We also find that the predicted effects of these demand rates on stockout times are stronger at low markdowns. Our investigation offers insights into different strategies that sellers operating FSM can pursue to improve their inventory performance. These strategies involve decisions that sellers must make both a priori, before deals start, and a posteriori, according to real‐time detection of departures from projected demand rates as deals run their course.
Express with caution: Epitope tags and cDNA variants effects on hERG channel trafficking, half‐life and function
Authors: Osterbur Badhey Marika L. , Bertalovitz Alexander C. , McDonald Thomas V. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIntroductionGenetic mutations in KCNH2, which encodes hERG, the alpha subunit of the potassium channel responsible for the IKr current, cause long QT syndrome (LQTS), an inherited cardiac arrhythmia disorder. Electrophysiology techniques are used to correlate genotype with molecular phenotype to determine which mutations identified in patients diagnosed with LQTS are disease causing, and which are benign. These investigations are usually done using heterologous expression in cell lines, and often, epitope fusion tags are used to enable isolation and identification of the protein of interest.Methods and resultsHere, we demonstrate through electrophysiology techniques and immunohistochemistry, that both N‐terminal and C‐terminal myc fusion tags may perturb hERG protein channel expression and kinetics of the IKr current. We also characterize the impact of 2 previously reported inadvertent cDNA variants on hERG channel expression and half‐life.ConclusionOur results underscore the importance of careful characterization of the impact of epitope fusion tags and of confirming complete sequence accuracy prior to genotype‐phenotype studies for ion channel proteins such as hERG.
A randomised controlled trial of an iPad‐based application to complement early behavioural intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Whitehouse Andrew J.O. , Granich Joanna , Alvares Gail , Busacca Margherita , Cooper Matthew N. , Dass Alena , Duong Thi , Harper Rajes , Marshall Wendy , Richdale Amanda , Rodwell Tania , Trembath David , Vellanki Pratibha , Moore Dennis W. , Anderson Angelika 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundTechnology‐based interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have proliferated, but few have been evaluated within the context of a randomised controlled trial (RCT). This RCT evaluated the efficacy of one technology‐based early intervention programme (Therapy Outcomes By You; TOBY) in young children with ASD.MethodsTOBY is an app‐based learning curriculum designed for children and parents as a complement to early behavioural intervention. Eighty children (16 female) were recruited to this RCT within 12 months of receiving a diagnosis of ASD (M age = 3.38; SD = 0.69) and randomised to receive either treatment‐as‐usual (community‐based intervention, n = 39) or the TOBY therapy (at least 20 min/day) plus treatment‐as‐usual (n = 41) for a period of 6 months. Outcomes were assessed at 3 and 6 months postbaseline. (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12614000738628; www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=365463).ResultsChildren in the TOBY intervention group averaged 19 min/day engaging with the app in the first 3 months, but only 2 min/day during the second 3 months. There was no group difference in scores on the primary outcome, the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist, at either the 3‐ or 6‐month follow‐up. However, significant improvements at the 6‐month follow‐up were observed in the TOBY intervention group relative to the treatment‐as‐usual group on three secondary outcomes: the Fine Motor and Visual Reception subscales of the Mullen Scale of Early Learning and the Total Words Understood scale of the MacArthur‐Bates Communicative Development Index. Statistical trends towards improvement in the TOBY intervention group were observed on measures of adaptive function, although these decreased in magnitude from the 3‐ to 6‐month follow‐up.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence that technology‐based interventions may provide a relatively low‐cost addition to existing therapist‐delivered interventions for children with ASD. However, sustained use of the app over the full 6‐month period was a challenge for most families.
Arabidopsis adaptor protein 1G is critical for pollen development
Authors: Feng Chong , Wang Jia‐Gang , Liu Hai‐Hong , Li Sha , Zhang Yan 
Published: May 2017

SummaryPollen development is a pre‐requisite for sexual reproduction of angiosperms, during which various cellular activities are involved. Pollen development accompanies dynamic remodeling of vacuoles through fission and fusion, disruption of which often compromises pollen viability. We previously reported that the Y subunit of adaptor protein 1 (AP1G) mediates synergid degeneration during pollen tube reception. Here, we demonstrate that AP1G is essential for pollen development. AP1G loss‐of‐function resulted in male gametophytic lethality due to defective pollen development. By ultrastructural analysis and fluorescence labeling, we demonstrate that AP1G loss‐of‐function compromised dynamic vacuolar remodeling during pollen development and impaired vacuolar acidification of pollen. Results presented here support a key role of vacuoles in gametophytic pollen development.
The Almost Unbearable Lightness of Personality
Authors: Allik Jüri 
Published: May 2017

AbstractResearchers seem to believe that accepting the reality of personality traits inevitably leads to a dogma about the incredible complexity of these traits and their judgment. This article challenges this thesis and its assertion that the accuracy of personality judgment can only be achieved when a “good target” or a “good trait” is being judged using “good information,” and when a “good judge” makes the judgment. It is argued that because trait dimensions are universally applicable to all persons, there is no stable ranking of good targets. The independence of major personality dimensions is incompatible with the distinction between good and bad traits. There seems to be no privileged source of information because information is everywhere, and its retrieval requires unsophisticated skills. Because of the simplicity of the task, it is usually impossible to determine who a good judge is. A new thesis of simplicity is proposed as a guide through equally plausible personality theories.
Normal, Regular, and Standard: Scaling the Body through Fecal Microbial Transplants
Authors: Wolf‐Meyer Matthew J. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn 2013, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) held a workshop to determine the risks and benefits associated with the experimental use of fecal microbial transplants to treat Clostridium difficile and other gastroenterological disorders. By focusing on the proceedings of the NIH–FDA workshop on the treatment of the human microbiome, the question of how medicine colonizes human bodies through microbial transplants raises questions about what an individual body is, how determinative of human health the microbiome is, and what the limits of molecular biomedicine are when the microbiome is taken into consideration. In the workshop presentations and discussion of this emerging treatment, experts used ideas about the normal, regular, and standard to move between scales of bodily analysis, from the microbial to the body politic, demonstrating how the individual and society are deeply influenced by the unruly community of microbial symbiotes that humans host.
Long‐term outcomes of Metacognitive Narrative Psychotherapy for people diagnosed with schizophrenia
Authors: Schweitzer Robert D. , Greben Melissa , Bargenquast Rebecca 
Published: May 2017

ObjectivesThis study investigated long‐term outcomes of Metacognitive Narrative Psychotherapy. Previous studies have shown the approach to be effective in enhancing recovery and metacognition in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia.DesignA 2‐year longitudinal follow‐up case study design.MethodsEight people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia received an average of 52 sessions over 13–26 months. Follow‐up interviews were conducted and self‐report measures administered at approximately 2 years (22–30 months) post‐completion of therapy.ResultsThe majority of participants demonstrated reliable improvement from pre‐treatment to 2‐year follow‐up on one or more of the outcome measures with some variation in patterns of improvement.ConclusionsThis study provides the first evidence that therapeutic gains in recovery and metacognition during Metacognitive Narrative Psychotherapy for people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia can be maintained at 2‐year follow‐up. Larger, controlled trials are warranted to ascertain the most important factors contributing to the facilitation and maintenance of gains over time.Practitioner points

Research demonstrates the value of longer‐term psychotherapy for patients with more severe and longer‐term difficulties resulting from psychotic spectrum disorders.

Metacognitive Narrative Psychotherapy has been demonstrated to facilitate improvement in a proportion of patients who present with a diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Components of Metacognitive Narrative Psychotherapy can be incorporated into a range of therapeutic approaches for the benefit of patients.
The time course of indirect moral judgment in gossip processing modulated by different agents
Authors: Peng Xiaozhe , Jiao Can , Cui Fang , Chen Qingfei , Li Peng , Li Hong 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPrevious studies have investigated personal moral violations with different references (i.e., the protagonists in moral scenarios are the participants themselves or unknown other individuals). However, the roles of various agents in moral judgments have remained unclear. In the present study, ERPs were used to investigate moral judgments when the participants viewed gossip that described (im)moral behaviors committed by different agents (self, friend, celebrity). The results demonstrate that the P2 and late positive component (LPC) correspond to two successive processes of indirect moral judgment when individuals process gossip. Specifically, the P2 amplitude in the celebrity condition was more sensitive in distinguishing immoral behaviors from moral behaviors than that in the other two conditions, whereas the moral valence effect on the LPC was predominately driven by the self‐reference. These findings expand our current understanding of moral judgments in a gossip evaluation task and demonstrate that the early processing of gossip depends on both the entertainment value of the agent and the salience of moral behaviors. Processing in the later stage reflects reactions to intensified affective stimuli, or reflects cognitive effort that was required to resolve the conflict between negative gossip about self and the self‐positivity bias.
Legislative Behaviour Absent Re-Election Incentives: Findings from a Natural Experiment in the Arkansas Senate
Authors: Titiunik Rocío , Feher Andrew 
Published: May 2017

SummaryWe analyse the effect of removing re-election incentives on the individual legislative participation of state lawmakers by using an original study based on the random assignment of term length that occurs in the Arkansas Senate, which in turn induces the random assignment of the total number of terms each senator may serve. Across five measures of legislative output—bills introduced, bills passed, bills cosponsored, resolutions and abstention rates, we cannot reject the null hypothesis of no effect. Since our sample is small, we adopt two strategies in our statistical analysis: we perform randomization-based inference to ensure that our tests adequately control size, and we use tests of equivalence to avoid incorrectly concluding that the effects are null because of low power. We also use bounds as a robustness check to address attrition in our original experimental sample.
Understanding heavy mineral enrichment using a three‐dimensional numerical model
Authors: Bartzke Gerhard , Schmeeckle Mark W. , Huhn Katrin 
Published: May 2017

AbstractLayered deposits of relatively light and heavy minerals can be found in many aquatic environments. Quantification of the physical processes which lead to the fine‐scale layering of these deposits is often limited with flumes or in situ field experiments. Therefore, the following research questions were addressed: (i) how can selective grain entrainment be numerically simulated and quantified; (ii) how does a mixed bed turn into a fully layered bed; and (iii) is there any relation between heavy mineral content and bed stability? Herein, a three‐dimensional numerical model was used as an alternative measure to study the fine‐scale process of density segregation during transport. The three‐dimensional model simulates particle transport in water by combining a turbulence‐resolving large eddy simulation with a discrete element model prescribing the motion of individual grains. The granular bed of 0·004 m in height consisted of 200 000 spherical particles (D50 = 500 μm). Five suites of experiments were designed in which the concentration ratio of heavy (5000 kg m−3) to light particles (i.e. 2560 kg m−3) was increased from 6%, 15%, 35%, 60% to 80%. All beds were tested for 10 sec at a predefined flow speed of 0·3 m sec−1. Analysis of the particle behaviour in the interior of the beds showed that the lighter particles segregated from the heavy particles with increasing time. The latter accumulated at the bottom of the domain, forming a layer, whereas the lighter particles were transported over the layer forming sweeps. Particles below the heavy particle layer indicated that the layer was able to armour the particles below. Consequentially, enrichment of heavy minerals in a layer is controlled by the segregation of a heavy mineral fraction from the light counterpart, which enhances current understanding of heavy mineral placer formation.
Chronic electromyograms in treadmill running SOD1 mice reveal early changes in muscle activation
Authors: Quinlan Katharina A. , Kajtaz Elma , Ciolino Jody D. , Imhoff‐Manuel Rebecca D. , Tresch Matthew C. , Heckman Charles J. , Tysseling Vicki M. 
Published: May 2017

Key points
The present study demonstrates that electromyograms (EMGs) obtained during locomotor activity in mice were effective for identification of early physiological markers of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These measures could be used to evaluate therapeutic intervention strategies in animal models of ALS.
Several parameters of locomotor activity were shifted early in the disease time course in SOD1G93A mice, especially when the treadmill was inclined, including intermuscular phase, burst skew and amplitude of the locomotor bursts.
The results of the present study indicate that early compensatory changes may be taking place within the neural network controlling locomotor activity, including spinal interneurons.
Locomotor EMGs could have potential use as a clinical diagnostic tool.
AbstractTo improve our understanding of early disease mechanisms and to identify reliable biomarkers of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disease, we measured electromyogram (EMG) activity in hind limb muscles of SOD1G93A mice. By contrast to clinical diagnostic measures using EMGs, which are performed on quiescent patients, we monitored activity during treadmill running aiming to detect presymptomatic changes in motor patterning. Chronic EMG electrodes were implanted into vastus lateralis, biceps femoris posterior, lateral gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior in mice from postnatal day 55 to 100 and the results obtained were assessed using linear mixed models. We evaluated differences in parameters related to EMG amplitude (peak and area) and timing (phase and skew, a measure of burst shape) when animals ran on level and inclined treadmills. There were significant changes in both the timing of activity and the amplitude of EMG bursts in SOD1G93A mice. Significant differences between wild‐type and SOD1G93A mice were mainly observed when animals locomoted on inclined treadmills. All muscles had significant effects of mutation that were independent of age. These novel results indicate (i) locomotor EMG activity might be an early measure of disease onset; (ii) alterations in locomotor patterning may reflect changes in neuronal drive and compensation at the network level including altered activity of spinal interneurons; and (iii) the increased power output necessary on an inclined treadmill was important in revealing altered activity in SOD1G93A mice.
Strategies for Prevention and Treatment of Trichomonas vaginalis Infections
Authors: Bouchemal Kawthar , Bories Christian , Loiseau Philippe M. 
Published: May 2017

SUMMARYThe last estimated annual incidence ofTrichomonas vaginalisworldwide exceeds that of chlamydia and gonorrhea combined. This critical review updates the state of the art on advances inT. vaginalisdiagnostics and strategies for treatment and prevention of trichomoniasis. In particular, new data on treatment outcomes for topical administration of formulations are reviewed and discussed.