bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anuran occupancy varies with stream characteristics and flow across Arizona wilderness areas
Authors: Huck Margaret A. , Bateman Heather L. , de Albuquerque Fábio Suzart , Lewis Jesse S. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Riparian ecosystems comprise less than 2% of the landscape in the arid western United States, yet they provide habitat and resources to over half of arid‐land wildlife species, including a broad diversity of anurans (frogs and toads). Despite this, relatively few studies describe riparian herpetofaunal communities in the Southwest, and remote wilderness areas are particularly undersurveyed.

We employed passive acoustic monitoring to capture anuran advertisement calls in wilderness area tributaries of the Verde River, Arizona, USA. In the spring and summer of 2021 and 2022, 13–29 autonomous recording units (ARUs) were deployed along perennial, intermittent and ephemeral tributary stream reaches. We characterized sites based on the per cent of pool, riffle, run and side channel habitat within 100 m of each ARU and quantified substrate, wetted channel width and canopy cover. To relate anuran occupancy to environmental and hydrological variables, we evaluated acoustic detection data using single‐species, single‐season occupancy models.

Four species were detected in this study: canyon treefrog (Hyla arenicolor), red‐spotted toad (Anaxyrus punctatus), Woodhouse's toad (Anaxyrus woodhousii) and non‐native American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus), with canyon treefrog being the most ubiquitous species observed. Vocal activity of canyon treefrog was higher at perennial and intermittent sites compared to ephemeral sites, and the presence of pools was most strongly associated with canyon treefrog occupancy.

Persistent, slow‐moving water best predicted the presence of breeding canyon treefrogs. Notably, this study did not detect several species with historical records in the middle Verde River catchment, including Arizona toad (Anaxyrus microscaphus) and northern leopard frog (Lithobates pipiens).

Given climate change‐related flow declines and intensifying demands for water in arid lands globally, maintaining stream flows that provide consistent and suitable hydroregimes for anuran breeding and larval development is of increasing importance. Determining habitat use and flow regimes necessary to support anuran populations can aid in prioritization of conservation actions related to water management and predict how changes in water availability may impact stream‐breeding anurans.
Efficacy of laser adjuvant therapy in the management of post‐operative endodontic pain: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Luo Zhiqiang , He Yiquan , Wu Hongkun , Li Yuxuan , Shen Leyao , Cheng Lei , Zhou Xuedong , He Libang , Chen Jing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative endodontic pain (PEP) is crucial in clinical practice. Recently, the effects of various laser adjuvant therapies in endodontic treatments have been widely evaluated. However, as a virtually side‐effect‐free treatment, its effect on postoperative pain management during endodontic treatment remains controversial.ObjectivesThis review aimed to compare the efficacy of laser adjuvant therapy for pain management after endodontic treatment.MethodThe Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for articles published until 12 February 2023. The risk of bias in the included studies was evaluated based on the Cochrane risk‐of‐bias assessment tool. Data on continuous outcomes of visual analogue scale pain scores are expressed as standard mean difference (SMD) and dichotomous outcomes of pain prevalence as relative risk (RR).ResultsWe included 22 studies, of which 15 enrolled 892 patients with visual analogue scale pain scores and 7 enrolled 422 patients with pain prevalence. Of the 22 studies, seven studies had a low risk of bias, 10 had a moderate risk of bias and 5 had a high risk of bias. For pain level, the pooled outcomes indicated reduced pain scores in all laser adjuvant therapy, including low‐level laser therapy (SMD = −0.86 [95% CI: −1.16, −0.55] in 24 h and SMD = −0.64 [95% CI: −0.84, −0.43] in 48 h), diode laser therapy (SMD = −0.27 [95% CI: −0.50, −0.04] in 48 h) and photodynamic therapy (SMD = −1.12 [95% CI: −2.18, −0.05] in 24 h). For postoperative pain incidence, a significant correlation was observed with reduced pain incidence rates in the photodynamic therapy group (pooled RR = 0.47 [95% CI: 0.31, 0.72]) but not in the low‐level laser therapy group (RR = 0.89 [95% CI: 0.30, 2.70] at 12 h and RR = 0.57 [95% CI: 0.09, 3.72] at 24 h).ConclusionsHigh‐quality evidence suggests that laser adjuvant therapies such as low‐level laser therapy, diode laser therapy and photodynamic therapy have a positive impact on reducing postoperative endodontic pain intensity. However, the differences in PEP management effects between laser therapies are unknown, and no significant differences were observed among the subgroups.RegistrationCRD 42023402872 (PROSPERO).
Exploring the potential of germination and ozone treatment to improve the nutritional profile and functional properties of amaranth grains
Authors: Awasthi Tamanna , Singh Narpinder 
Published: September 2024

SummaryThis study investigates the impact of germination and ozone treatment on the nutritional and bioactive properties of grains of two amaranth varieties. The study focused on the proximate composition, antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavonoid content, and amino acid profile of untreated and treated grains of two amaranth varieties. Germination significantly increased the protein content by 18.5%, crude fibre by 25.7%, and total phenolic content by 34.2% compared to the control. Ozone treatment further enhanced these properties, with a notable increase in antioxidant activity by 41.8% and total flavonoid content by 29.6%. The amino acid profile analysis revealed a significant rise in essential amino acids, particularly lysine, which increased by 22.4% following the combined treatment. These findings suggested that the combined application of germination and ozone treatment significantly enhances the nutritional quality and bioactive properties of amaranth, making it a superior ingredient for functional food products. The results indicated that these processes could be effectively utilised to boost the health benefits of amaranth, contributing to the development of nutrient‐rich food products.
Fish milt and roe‐derived functional proteins and peptides: composition, bioactivities, and applications
Authors: Choung Woo‐Jae , Shahriar Sagarika , Kwon Jung Yeon 
Published: September 2024

SummaryAn expanding list of marine species has been identified and evaluated for their potential bioactivity and nutritional values. Most attention is directed toward utilising protein‐rich by‐products of fish processing for their bioactive functionalities, which can aid in minimising waste and add value to underutilised resources. Milt and roe, the reproductive constituents of fish, are known to contain a high concentration of nutritional content. Bioactive peptides derived from these constituents have shown several biological activities including antihypertensive, antibacterial, anticoagulant, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐obesity, anti‐cancer, and antioxidant activities. These peptides are commonly extracted by enzymatic hydrolysis and purified by different chromatographic methods according to their mass, molecular size, and composition. This review discusses the approaches to produce, purify, and characterise the protein hydrolysates from fish milt and roe and delves into the compositions of the nutraceutical compounds derived from milt and roe. The review also highlights the bioactive properties of the milt and roe‐derived peptides that can have potential applications in the food, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceutical industries.
Gendered pathways: The relationship between portable skills from fields of study and labor market outcomes in Japan
Authors: Lee Hansol 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhile social scientists have increasingly focused on the relationship between fields of study and labor market outcomes, our understanding of how men and women differ in the utilization of college major skills at work and how such differences are linked to labor market outcomes remains limited. To fill this gap, I use nationally representative cross‐sectional data from Japan to examine how fields that offer portable skills, which are beneficial across different employers, are related to earnings and employment likelihood. Results from ordinary least squares regression and Heckman two‐stage models indicate that fields offering portable skills, such as medicine and science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), have a positive association with earnings for both genders. Moreover, results from linear probability models suggest that law/business, medicine, and STEM have a positive relationship with employment status among women. The relationship is stronger for women than men, showing no differences between mothers with young children (0–5 years) and nonmothers. These findings indicate that acquiring portable skills through education makes women's careers more compatible with their family responsibilities. Considering the increasing salience of fields of study in the world of work, these findings provide important insights into the interplay between gender, higher education, and labor market stratification in Japan.
The significance of crisis identification using community‐driven model
Authors: Choi Clara Jung Won , Kim Yun Min 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhile the identification of crisis situations has been one of the major social issues in Korea, the approach to addressing this issue is biased toward a government‐centric system, and consequently, there is limited research exploring the significance of a community‐driven crisis identification model. Focus group interviews were conducted among local volunteers and project managers actively engaged in the “Good Neighbors Project.” The exploration of the significance of community‐driven crisis identification, the challenges associated, and strategies to strengthen the community‐driven crisis identification model led to the identification of a total of eight sub‐themes. Based on the findings, to effectively identify individuals and families in crisis within the local community, it is necessary to expand the concept of crisis beyond its definition within the public sector, increase opportunities to communicate the significance of community‐driven crisis identification involving volunteers from the local community, and emphasize the need to enhance volunteers' competence.
Progestogen hypersensitivity: successful use of progesterone desensitisation and omalizumab to facilitate in vitro fertilisation
Authors: Xu Gary , Yuson Ramon , Rafferty Martina , Thai Thuy L. , Limaye Sandhya 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHypersensitivity to exogenous or endogenous progesterone presents with a variety of clinical, usually cutaneous, manifestations. The condition can occur at any age during the reproductive years, causes debilitating symptoms and can impact the use of exogenous hormones. Management strategies include symptom control or hormonal manipulation via desensitisation. Strategic testing confirms the diagnosis, while targeted intervention can significantly and positively impact quality of life and further childbearing.
Regulation of immune responses to food by commensal microbes
Authors: Light Samuel H. , Nagler Cathryn R. 
Published: September 2024

SummaryThe increasing prevalence of immune‐mediated non‐communicable chronic diseases, such as food allergies, has prompted a deeper investigation into the role of the gut microbiome in modulating immune responses. Here, we explore the complex interactions between commensal microbes and the host immune system, highlighting the critical role of gut bacteria in maintaining immune homeostasis. We examine how modern lifestyle practices and environmental factors have disrupted co‐evolved host–microbe interactions and discuss how changes in microbiome composition impact epithelial barrier function, responses to food allergens, and susceptibility to allergic diseases. Finally, we examine the potential of bioengineered microbiome‐based therapies, and live biotherapeutic products, for reestablishing immune homeostasis to prevent or treat food allergies.
Synthesis mechanism and characterization of tantalum boride powder prepared by boron/carbothermal reduction
Authors: Tian Yu , Guo Wei‐Ming , Liu Yi , Tong Si‐Yuan , Huang Zi‐Jian , Lin Hua‐Tay 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the synthesis mechanism of tantalum boride (TaB2) powder via the boron/carbothermal reduction method, based on thermodynamic calculations and experimental results. The insufficient presence of the intermediate product B2O3 leads to the emergence of TaC and Ta3B4, while in the presence of a sufficient boron source in the reaction system, the primary products formed include TaB2, TaC, and B2O3, with TaC subsequently reacting with B2O3 and carbon to yield TaB2. TaB2 powder was successfully synthesized at 1500°C with the addition of an excess of 20 wt% B4C. The particle size of the powder was approximately 298 nm, and the oxygen content and carbon content in the powder were 0.6 and 0.1 wt.%, respectively.
Transparent rare earth‐doped gallium oxide ceramics with oriented microstructure
Authors: Li Jiao , Zhang Guangran , Wu Yiquan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGallium oxide (Ga2O3) has attracted much attention due to its promising applications in optical and electronic devices, while it is difficult to fabricate high‐quality Ga2O3 transparent ceramics because of the non‐cubic crystal structure. In this work, fully densified undoped and rare earth (RE = Tb, Dy. Er)‐doped Ga2O3 transparent ceramics were successfully fabricated by using spark plasma sintering (SPS) and co‐precipitated ceramic powders. Both the powders and ceramics showed pure monoclinic β‐ Ga2O3 crystal structure and unique orientation. After sintering by SPS for 30 min, all the ceramics reached a relative density higher than 99.21%. The total transmittance of RE‐doped Ga2O3 transparent ceramics ranges from 60% to 69% originating from the oriented and dense microstructures. The photoluminescence spectra and fluorescence lifetime of RE‐doped Ga2O3 transparent ceramics confirm characteristics of energy transfers corresponding to Tb3+, Dy3+, or Er3+ ions in the visible and NIR spectral region. This study demonstrates that oriented RE‐doped Ga2O3 transparent ceramics have great potential to be used in various optical applications.
Synthesis of pyrochlore Sr2Ta2O7 via continuous‐flow supercritical hydrothermal approach
Authors: Hayashi Hiroyuki , Matsukuma Yuki , Murakami Kazunori , Tanaka Isao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study presents the successful synthesis of Sr2Ta2O7 with a pyrochlore crystal structure, which was previously unreported. Traditionally, Sr2Ta2O7 is synthesized in an orthorhombic layered perovskite‐type structure using traditional solid‐state reaction and batch‐type subcritical hydrothermal methods. Here, we utilize a continuous‐flow supercritical hydrothermal method, a technique primarily applied for nanoparticle synthesis and minimally explored for the synthesis of metastable crystals. Through detailed evaluations employing X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, we confirmed the synthesis of the pyrochlore phase, characterized by particles with a diameter of less than 100 nm, synthesized at 633 K. Notably, the synthesized pyrochlore structure demonstrated remarkable stability, even after thermal treatment at 773 K for 1 h. Pyrochlore Sr2Ta2O7 stands out as a rare exception to the traditional tolerance factor approach among 278 known A2B2O7 compositions. Systematic evaluation of formation energies through first‐principles calculations revealed that the pyrochlore Sr2Ta2O7 synthesized in this study is located 0.06 eV/atom above the convex hull. This achievement underscores the potential of the continuous‐flow supercritical hydrothermal method in automating the exploration and discovery of novel crystal structures, suggesting a systematic pathway for advancing the field of material synthesis.
Preparation and structure of titanium‐containing pyrophosphate glasses prepared using the liquid‐phase method
Authors: Lee Sungho , Shiraki Shota , Takahashi Minori , Obata Akiko , Sakurai Makoto , Nagata Fukue 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPhosphate invert glasses (PIGs) exhibit excellent biocompatibility because of their high chemical durability and controlled ion releasability. PIGs are composed of short phosphate units such as ortho‐ and pyrophosphate. This structure makes it difficult to obtain clear glass using the melt‐quenching method. Our previous work reported that intermediate oxides (such as TiO2 and Nb2O5)‐containing PIGs exhibit good glass‐forming ability and ion dissolution controllability. This work used a liquid‐phase method to prepare PIGs at room temperature and pressure. Furthermore, TiO2 was used to control ion releasability for biomedical applications. Titanium‐containing PIGs were successfully prepared using a liquid‐phase method. Pyrophosphate and titania formed P‐O‐Ti bonds with an increasing TiO2 content in the glass, forming chain‐like structural units such as (‐O‐P‐O‐P‐O‐Ti‐O‐)n. The number of chain‐like structures increased with an increasing TiO2 content in the glass, improving the chemical durability. Hence, the ion releasability of titanium‐containing PIGs prepared using the liquid‐phase method can be controlled by the glass structure. Additionally, the PIGs exhibited good cell viability. Therefore, the PIGs are candidates for carriers of therapeutic inorganic ions for biomedical applications.
Tailoring charge transport in BaTiO3 crystals through dislocation engineering
Authors: Sayyadi‐Shahraki Ahmad , Frömling Till , Zhuo Fangping 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDislocations in oxide ceramics significantly influence their physical properties by creating substantial local strain fields, new electronic states, and space‐charge layers. In this study, we investigated the effects of mechanically introduced dislocations on the electrical conductivity of BaTiO3 single crystals. High‐temperature plastic deformation was employed to introduce a high dislocation density with a {100}〈100〉 slip system. Impedance measurements revealed a significant anisotropy in the conductivity due to the presence of oriented dislocation structures. The crystals with dislocation lines aligned parallel to the measurement axis ([001] crystallographic direction) exhibited 16‐fold higher conductivity compared to those measured across the dislocations. Compared to the pristine crystals, this means an increase in conductivity when the measurements were carried out parallel to dislocation lines and a decrease in perpendicular measurements. Our study demonstrates that not only ferroelectric properties but also charge transport can be modified by dislocation introduction in BaTiO3.
The Effects of Workplace Spirituality and Self‐Efficacy on Quality of Life Among Cancer Survivors: Empirical Quantitative Research
Authors: Kang Seulgi , Kim Yoonjung , Shin Hyeji 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo investigate the impact of workplace spirituality and self‐efficacy (SE) on cancer survivors' quality of life (QOL) and develop nursing interventions.DesignDescriptive survey.MethodsParticipants were cancer survivors treated at Chung‐Ang hospital in Seoul. They were administered a questionnaire covering general and clinical characteristics, workplace spirituality, SE and QOL. Data were analysed using hierarchical multiple regression analyses.ResultsWorkplace spirituality, SE and QOL were positively correlated. Higher education level, work in the health/medical sector, higher monthly income, undetermined cancer stage or not currently undergoing cancer treatment and absence of physical impairments or comorbidities due to cancer influenced QOL. Regression analysis revealed that SE enhanced QOL.ConclusionWorkplace spirituality and SE correlated with QOL. Notably, SE actively enhanced QOL by providing inner strength regardless of the type of treatment or its physical damage.Implications for the ProfessionThe findings have practical implications for the development of nursing interventions that aim to boost the confidence and positive assurance of employed cancer survivors in managing their condition and to enhance QOL.ImpactProblem addressed: Understanding the impact of workplace spirituality and SE on cancer survivors' QOL. Main findings: Positive correlations between workplace spirituality, SE and QOL; SE as a primary determinant of QOL. Impact location and population: Relevant to cancer patients managing treatment and work responsibilities, contributing to improved QOL.Reporting MethodAdhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionNo contribution.Trial and Protocol RegistrationNot applicable.
First record of the rare tubeshoulder Holtbyrnia anomalaKrefft 1980 (Teleostei, Platytroctidae) in the southwest Atlantic
Authors: Garcia Lucas C. , de Melo Marcelo R. S. , Moreira Cristiano R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHoltbyrnia anomala is a bathypelagic platytroctid widely distributed in the Atlantic Ocean. In this contribution, we report, for the first time, the occurrence of this species in the tropical southwest Atlantic. A single specimen was collected in 2000 on the continental slope off Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, at an average depth of 1158 m. This report also represents the first record of Holtbyrnia anomala in the Brazilian Economic Exclusive Zone.
Bioinformatics and experimental validation were combined to explore lactylation‐related biomarkers in HBV‐associated acute liver failure
Authors: Pei Hao , Chen Yue‐qiao , Wu Feng‐lan , Zhang Yan‐yan , Zhang Xue , Li Jian‐yu , Pan Li‐yi , Chen Yu , Huang Yu‐wen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and AimCurrently, hepatitis B virus‐related acute liver failure (HBV‐ALF) has limited treatment options. Studies have shown that histone lactylation plays a role in the progression of liver‐related diseases. Therefore, it is essential to explore lactylation‐related gene (LRGs) biomarkers in HBV‐ALF to provide new information for the treatment of HBV‐ALF.MethodsTwo HBV‐ALF‐related datasets (GSE38941 and GSE14668) and 65 LRGs were used. First, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were derived from differential expression analysis, the key module genes from weighted gene co‐expression network analysis; and LRGs were used to intersect to obtain the candidate genes. Subsequently, the feature genes obtained from least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis and support vector machine analysis were intersected to obtain the candidate key genes. Among them, genes with consistent and significant expression trends in both GSE38941 and GSE14668 were used as biomarkers. Subsequently, biomarkers were analyzed for functional enrichment, immune infiltration, and sensitive drug prediction.ResultsIn this study, five candidate genes (PIGM, PIGA, EGR1, PIGK, and PIGL) were identified by intersecting 6461 DEGs and 2496 key module genes with 65 LRGs. We then screened four candidate key genes from the machine learning algorithm, among which PIGM and PIGA were considered biomarkers in HBV‐ALF. Moreover, the results of enrichment analysis showed that the significant enrichment signaling pathways for biomarkers included allograft rejection and valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation. Thereafter, 11 immune cells differed significantly between groups, with resting memory CD4+ T cells having the strongest positive correlation with biomarkers. Methylphenidate hydrochloride is a potential therapeutic drug for PIGM.ConclusionTwo genes, PIGM and PIGA, were identified as biomarkers related to LRGs in HBV‐ALF, providing a basis for understanding HBV‐ALF pathogenesis.