bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applied logic and semantics on indoor and urban adaptive design through knowledge graphs, reasoning and explainable argumentation
Authors: Stathopoulos Evangelos A. , Vassiliades Alexandros , Diplaris Sotiris , Vrochidis Stefanos , Kompatsiaris Ioannis 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In the previous two decades, knowledge graphs (KGs) have evolved significantly, inspiring developers to build ever-more context-related KGs. Due to this development, artificial intelligence (AI) applications can now access open domain-specific information in a format that is both semantically rich and machine comprehensible. In this article, a framework that depicts functional design for indoor workspaces and urban adaptive design, in order to help architects, artists, and interior designers for the design and construction of an urban or indoor workspace, based on the emotions of human individuals, is introduced. For the creation of online adaptive environments, the framework may incorporate emotional, physiological, visual, and textual measures. Additionally, an information retrieval mechanism that extracts critical information from the framework in order to assist the architects, artists, and the interior designers is presented. The framework provides access to commonsense knowledge about the (re-)design of an urban area and an indoor workspace, by suggesting objects that need to be placed, and other modifications that can be applied to the location, in order to achieve positive emotions. The emotions referred reflect to the emotions experienced by an individual when being in the indoor or urban area, which are pointers for the functionality, the memorability, and the admiration of the location. The framework also performs semantic matching between entities from the web KG ConceptNet, using semantic knowledge from ConceptNet and WordNet, with the ones existing in the KG of the framework. The paper provides a set of predefined SPARQL templates that specifically handle the ontology upon which the knowledge retrieval system is based. The framework has an additional argumentation function that allows users to challenge the knowledge retrieval component findings. In the event that the user prevails in the reasoning, the framework will learn new knowledge.
Soldiering in the Special Zone: The People's Liberation Army Engineering Corps in Shenzhen
Authors: Zhou Taomo , Weng Cuifen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBetween 1979 and 1982, 20,000 troops from the People's Liberation Army Engineering Corps travelled from military-industrial sites in the interior to Shenzhen, China's first Special Economic Zone (SEZ). They were the first batch of state-sponsored migrants to the SEZ and the pioneer builders of the city's urban infrastructure. This article uses the case of military workers in the SEZ to examine state–market relations during the early phase of China's post-socialist transition. On one hand, the Deng administration strategically repurposed a disciplined labour force from Mao's command economy to jump-start marketization. On the other hand, the Mao-era power structure of the Engineering Corps not only persisted but became even more entrenched in the SEZ at the forefront of China's reform. The higher one's military rank was before demobilization, the more easily one could monetize socialist-era political credentials, particularly by taking advantage of the rising value of land in Shenzhen's urbanization process. Academic credentials served as a moderate booster of status within the public sector and a more powerful ingredient leading to success for private entrepreneurs. The lower the military rank before demobilization, the less meaningful the agency to obtain material rewards commensurate with past contributions.
A cross-sectional survey of knowledge and attitudes towards scabies control in Australian aged care facilities
Authors: Lightbody Isabelle , Cash-Deans Skye , Pasay Cielo , Oprescu Florin , Mounsey Kate 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Scabies outbreaks cause significant morbidity and disruption in aged care facilities and other institutional settings. Failure to manage scabies outbreaks may be attributable to low awareness amongst healthcare workers. A survey was distributed to healthcare workers across aged care facilities in South-East Queensland, Australia. The survey captured demographics, prior scabies experience, knowledge-based questions, and attitudes. Scabies was common in aged care facilities, with 41% of 128 respondents encountering the disease while working in aged care. Participants demonstrated sound theoretical knowledge regarding scabies (median knowledge score 82%). Scabies knowledge was not associated with years of experience in the sector or educational level but was associated with respondent age (p = 0.017). Knowledge gaps were evident regarding diagnosis, incubation periods, and treatment. Respondents demonstrated an inconsistent ability to identify atypical clinical presentations of scabies, showing discordance between theoretical knowledge and its practical application. The ability to identify crusted scabies was low, reflecting the high frequency of misdiagnosis of index cases in scabies outbreaks. Respondents considered scabies to be a problem and were supportive of improved management guidelines. These study outcomes will inform the design of accessible, targeted educational resources for scabies to help prevent and reduce the impact of outbreaks.
From worries to resilience: a qualitative study of the psychosocial experiences of diverse adolescents and young adults with heart failure and their caregivers
Authors: Glenn Thomas , Smith Cynthia , Miller Victoria A. , Wolfe Joanne , Blume Elizabeth D. , Lumeng Julie , Schumacher Kurt R. , Cousino Melissa K. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and Objectives:Despite advances in treatment and outcomes for paediatric heart failure, both physical and psychosocial comorbidities remain notable among this patient population. We aimed to qualitatively describe the psychosocial experiences of adolescent and young adults with heart failure and their caregivers’ perceptions, with specific focus on personal challenges, worries, coping skills, and resilience.Methods:Structured, in-depth interviews were performed with 16 adolescent and young adults with heart failure and 14 of their caregivers. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Content analysis was performed, and themes were generated. Transcripts were coded by independent reviewers.Results:Ten (63%) adolescent and young adults with heart failure identified as male and six (37.5%) patients self-identified with a racial or ethnic minority group. Adolescent and young adults with heart failure generally perceived their overall illness experience more positively and less burdensome than their caregivers. Some adolescent and young adults noted specific worries related to surgeries, admissions, major complications, death, and prognostic/treatment uncertainty, while caregivers perceived their adolescent and young adult’s greatest worries to be around major complications and death. Adolescent and young adults and their caregivers were able to define and reflect on adolescent and young adult experiences of resilience, with many adolescent and young adults expressing a sense of optimism and gratitude as it relates to their medical journey.Conclusions:This study is the first of its kind to qualitatively describe the psychosocial experiences of a racially and socioeconomically diverse sample of adolescent and young adults with heart failure, as well as their caregivers’ perceptions of patient experiences. Findings underscore the importance of identifying distress and fostering resilient processes and outcomes in young people with advanced heart disease.
A data-driven model for personalised risk prediction of radiation-induced oral mucositis in oral cavity cancer patients
Authors: Anbumani Surega , S Narendran , AR Suresh , P Balasubramaniam , T Godwin PaulDas , V Kaviyarasi , C Sundaresan , B Jabapriya 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aim:
Radiation-induced oral mucositis (OM) is the most common complication presenting with chemo radiation therapy of oral cavity cancer. Tobacco use, oral hygiene and nutritional status are important entities that impact the incidence of OM. These entities must also be studied along with treatment planning strategies, to alleviate its incidence. Our study aims to present a novel method to model the OM incidence using a mucosal surface contour (MSC).

Methods:
Computed tomography (CT) images of 60 oral cavity patients who have started their intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)/volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) with concomitant chemotherapy (Cisplatin) were delineated with MSC as one of the organs at risk by three expert radiation oncologists. V30, V50 and Dmean doses of MSC and the PTV 60 (planning target volume for 60 Gy), along with Dmax of PTV60, were extracted from the dose volume histograms. OM toxicity was assessed once weekly, and the outcome was scored using CTCAE v5·0 grading. Tobacco use (Tb), oral hygiene (OHy) and nutritional status (Ns) were also numerically scored. A multiple linear regression analysis was done using the patient parameters and the outcome scores as predictor variables and response variables, respectively. Optimal dose volume constraints (Dmean, V30, V50) for a 20% reduction of OM were derived from the mathematical equations. Another 20 patients were planned prospectively using IMRT/VMAT with the above resulted in dose constraints. Clinical outcome was scored for these patients using CTCAE v5·0. Outcome results of the two phases (60 patients and 20 patients) were statistically compared with two-sample t-test.

Results:
For MSC, three mathematical equations were formulated using multiple linear regression analysis. Derived values of V30, V50 and Dmean constraints were used for dose optimisation in the second phase of treatment planning. It has showed a statistically significant deviation from the first phase of the study, with a confidence interval of 95% (p value: 0·0348) by introducing calculated dose constraints for MSC in dose optimisation.

Conclusion:
In this study, the feasibility of using multiple linear regression analysis to model OM incidence in radiation therapy clinics was explored. Derived dose–volume constraints for MSC could be used in IMRT/VMAT optimization to reduce its incidence. Patient treatment could be individualised by incorporating dose–volume parameters, nutritional status, tobacco use and oral hygiene status in the treatment planning procedure.
The Streamflow Response to Multi‐Day Warm Anomaly Events: Sensitivity to Future Warming and Spatiotemporal Variability by Event Magnitude
Authors: Anderson Sam , Chartrand Shawn 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPersistent warm temperature anomalies can drive streamflow in regions where snow and glacier melt are important constituents of streamflow. However, the spatiotemporal variability of the streamflow response depends on both the magnitude of the forcing temperature anomalies and the nature of the underlying hydrological system. Here we ask: when, where, and for what magnitude of temperature anomalies will the streamflow response change most rapidly under warming? We use observed streamflow and temperature for 868 basins across Canada to quantify the streamflow response during warm temperature anomalies and how such responses vary in space, time, and by anomaly magnitude. We first identify two temporal modes of the streamflow response, one in autumn and one in spring, the relative strength of which varies by climate. We then use sinusoidal approximations of seasonal temperature cycles to characterize the sensitivity of such modes to changes in annual temperature. At individual basins, we find that relative to moderate warm events, the streamflow response to more extreme warm events is more sensitive to changes in mean annual temperatures, and this sensitivity is greatest in the coastal, southern, and central regions of Canada. Our results have implications for how the hydrological impacts of extreme events, such as heatwaves, will change in space and time under future climate change.
Associations of body composition measures with circulating insulin-like growth factor-I, testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations in 16,000 men
Authors: Hynes Matthew C. , Watling Cody Z. , Dunneram Yashvee , Key Timothy J. , Perez-Cornago Aurora 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Adiposity is positively associated with risk of some cancer sites and other health conditions in men; however, it is unclear if endogenous hormones play a role in these associations. We examined how body composition, measured from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and common measures of adiposity (e.g., body mass index (BMI)), are related to hormone concentrations in men from the UK Biobank study.

Methods
Up to 16,237 men with available body composition data (including visceral, subcutaneous, and liver fat, muscle fat infiltration (MFI), lean tissue, and common adiposity measures) and serum hormone measurements (insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and calculated free testosterone) were included. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models were used to determine the geometric mean hormone and SHBG concentrations across categories of each exposure.

Results
Common measurements of adiposity were highly correlated with MRI measures of central and total adiposity (r = 0.76–0.91), although correlations with ectopic fat (liver fat and MFI) were lower (r = 0.43–0.54). Most adiposity measurements showed an inverse U- or J-shaped association with circulating IGF-I and free testosterone; however, MFI was linearly inversely associated, and lean tissue volume was positively associated with both IGF-I and free testosterone concentrations. All body composition measures were inversely associated with total testosterone and SHBG concentrations (relative geometric mean difference between Q5 vs. Q1: 20–30%).

Conclusion
Our results show that common adiposity and most MRI measures of adiposity relate similarly to serum hormone concentrations; however, associations with ectopic fat (particularly MFI) and lean tissue were different.
What internet- and mobile-based interventions are currently available for adults with overweight or obesity experiencing symptoms of depression? A systematic review
Authors: Schladitz Katja , Seibel Alina , Luppa Melanie , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. , Löbner Margrit 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGiven the high prevalence of overweight and obesity and high comorbidity of depressive symptoms, there is a need for low-threshold, accessible care approaches for people with overweight/obesity aimed at improving mental health. Internet and mobile-based interventions (IMI) represent an innovative complementary treatment option. This review systematically searches for IMI aimed at improving mental health in people with overweight/obesity. We conducted a systematic literature search according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) criteria in the databases MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of IMI for adults with overweight/obesity and comorbid depressive symptoms aiming at improving mental health were screened and extracted. Study quality was assessed with RoB 2 (revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool in RCTs). After excluding duplicates, n = 790 results were included in title and abstract screening. After full-text-screening of n = 26 studies, n = 3 RCT studies were included. All interventions aimed to reduce both weight and depressive symptoms. In two RCTs, a significant reduction in both depressive symptoms and weight was achieved. One RCT indicated a significant reduction in depressive symptoms, but not in weight. Two intervention had a duration of 6 months and were guided by health carers, the third takes 3 months and can be used without professional guidance. There is evidence that IMI are effective in improving mental health for people with overweight/obesity and comorbid depressive symptoms. However, currently there are few interventions aiming at reducing depressive symptoms, all targeting English-speaking people. As IMI for depressive symptoms can be easily integrated in the somatic therapy of obesity as additional option and has high public health potential, target group-adapted and low-threshold accessible interventions in different languages should be developed and implemented for improving mental health in people with overweight/obesity. Prospero registration number: CRD42023361771.
Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity characteristics of experimental epoxy -based endodontic sealer loaded with silver gold nanoparticles: in vitro study
Authors: Hassan Nermine , Riad Mona , Ibrahim Shereen Hafez , Mahmoud Khaled , Abulnoor Bassam Ahmed , Hassan Reham 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Enhancing the antibacterial capabilities of dental materials by adding nanoparticles has been the subject of some research. However, the potential toxic effect of this material on the vital tissues should be investigated to avoid additional damage to the tissue.

Objective
This study aimed to validate the long-term cytotoxic and antibacterial properties of an epoxy resin-based endodontic sealer (AH Plus) with and without loading with silver gold nanoparticles (Nano Care Plus Silver Gold®).

Material and methods
The tested groups were Nano Care Gold (group I), modified resin sealer (m AH Plus; group II) and AH Plus served as a control group (group III). Agar diffusion was used to measure the antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis. Using the MTT test, cytotoxicity assessment was carried out in accordance with ISO-10993-5 guidelines to assess the cells’ viability as soon as possible and after two and four weeks. The t-test was used to statistically examine the data. The chosen significance threshold was P <0.05.

Results
Antibacterial results revealed that there was no difference in the diameter of the inhibition zones measured in all groups at 24 h. While in 48 and 72 h, the difference was statistically significant (p <0.05). In 48-h Nanogold was significantly higher than AH Plus when tested alone (p <0.05), however their mixture showed insignificant difference. After 72 h, the Nano gold was significantly higher than that of AH Plus & Nano gold mixture (p <0.05). Cytotoxicity result revealed there was a significant difference between tested groups at different intervals (p <0.001). For immediate measurements, values measured with the AH group were significantly higher than those of other groups (p <0.001). For the AH& nanogold group, there was no significant difference between values measured at different intervals (p = 0.578).

Conclusions
Silver gold nanoparticles have acceptable antibacterial properties and low cytotoxicity to be used as canal pretreatment prior to the application of the sealer or even incorporated with AH Plus sealer.
Oncogenic GALNT5 confers FOLFIRINOX resistance via activating the MYH9/ NOTCH/ DDR axis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jia Qinyuan , Zhu Yuheng , Yao Hongfei , Yin Yifan , Duan Zonghao , Zheng Jiahao , Ma Ding , Yang Minwei , Yang Jianyu , Zhang Junfeng , Liu Dejun , Hua Rong , Huo Yanmiao , Fu Xueliang , Sun Yongwei , Liu Wei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChemotherapy resistance has been a great challenge in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) treatments. Current first-line chemotherapy regimens for PDAC include gemcitabine-based regimens such as AG regimen (albumin paclitaxel and gemcitabine), fluorouracil-based regiments such as FOLFIRINOX regimen ((5-fluorouracil5-FU), oxaliplatin, Irinotecan) and platinum-based regimens for patients with BRCA mutations. large amounts of work have been done on exploring the mechanism underlying resistance of gemcitabine-based and platinum-based regimens, while little research has been achieved on the mechanism of FOLFIRINOX regimens resistance. Hence, we identified Polypeptide N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 5, (GALNT5) as a vital regulator and a potential therapeutic target in FOLFIRINOX regimens resistance. Colony formation assays and flow cytometry assays were performed to explore the roles of GALNT5 in cell proliferation and apoptosis in PDAC treated with FOLFIRINOX. IC50 alterations were calculated in GALNT5 knockdown and overexpressed cell lines. RNA-seq followed by GSEA (gene set enrichment analysis) was displayed to explore the potential mechanism. WB (western blotting), real-time PCR, and IF (immunofluorescence) were performed to validate relative pathways. The mouse orthotopic xenograft PDAC model was established to examine GALNT5 functions in vivo. GALNT5 was highly expressed in PDAC tissues and predicted poor prognosis in PDAC. Upregulation of GALNT5 in PDAC cells conferred FOLFIRINOX resistance on PDAC by inhibiting DNA damage. Moreover, GALNT5 interacted with MYH9, thus participating in the activation of the NOTCH pathways, resulting in hampering FOI-induced DNA damage. Functions of GALNT5 promoting FOLFIRINOX resistance were validated in vivo. In this study, we found that aberrantly overexpressed GALNT5 in PDAC took part in the activation of the NOTCH pathway by interacting with MYH9, thus inhibiting the DDR to achieve FOLFIRINOX resistance and causing poor prognosis. We identified GALNT5 as a potential therapeutic target for PDAC patients resistant to FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy.
Mitochondrial-derived peptides, HNG and SHLP3, protect cochlear hair cells against gentamicin
Authors: Lu Yu , Bartoszek Ewelina M. , Cortada Maurizio , Bodmer Daniel , Levano Huaman Soledad 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPreservation of hair cells is critical for maintaining hearing function, as damage to sensory cells potentially leads to irreparable sensorineural hearing loss. Hair cell loss is often associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. One promising class of bioactive peptides is mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs), which have already been proven to protect various tissues from cellular stresses and delay aging processes. Humanin (HN) is one of the best-known members of this family, and recently, we have shown its protective effect in hair cells. The synthetic derivate HN S14G (HNG) has a more potent protective effect than natural HN making it a more useful peptide candidate to promote cytoprotection. A less-known MDP is small humanin-like peptide 3 (SHLP3), which has cytoprotective effects similar to HN, but likely acts through different signaling pathways. Therefore, we examined the effect of exogenous HNG and SHLP3 in auditory hair cells and investigated the molecular mechanisms involved. For this purpose, explants of the organ of Corti (OC) were treated with gentamicin in the presence and absence of HNG or SHLP3. Administration of HNG and SHLP3 reduced gentamicin-induced hair cell loss. The protective mechanisms of HNG and SHLP3 in OC explants included, in part, modulation of AKT and AMPKα. In addition, treatment with HNG and SHLP3 reduced gentamicin-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory gene overexpression. Overall, our data show that HNG and SHLP3 protect hair cells from gentamicin-induced toxicity. This offers new perspectives for the development of therapeutic strategies with MDPs against hearing loss.