bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exchange, promiscuity, and orthogonality inde novodesigned coiled-coil peptide assemblies
Authors: Kurgan Kathleen W. , Martin Freddie J. O. , Dawson William M. , Brunnock Tom , Orr-Ewing Andrew J. , Woolfson Derek N. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTDe novoprotein design is delivering new peptide and protein structures at a rapid pace. Many of these synthetic polypeptides form well-defined and hyperthermal-stable structures. Generally, however, less is known about the dynamic properties of thede novodesigned structures. Here, we explore one aspect of dynamics in a series ofde novocoiled-coil peptide assemblies: namely, peptide exchange within and between different oligomers from dimers through to heptamers. First, we develop a fluorescence-based reporter assay for peptide exchange that is straightforward to implement, and, thus, would be useful to others examining similar systems. We apply this assay to explore both homotypic exchange within single species, and heterotypic exchange between coiled coils of different coiled-coil oligomer states. For the former, we provide detailed study for the dimeric coiled coil CC-Di finding a half-life for exchange of 4.2 ± 0.3 minutes when the concentration of CC-Di is 200 µM. Interestingly, more broadly when assessing exchange across all of the oligomeric states, we find that some of the designs are faithful and only undergo homotypic strand exchange, whereas others are promiscuous and exchange to form unexpected hetero-oligomers. Finally, we develop two design strategies to improve the orthogonality of the different oligomers: (i) using alternate positioning of salt bridge interactions; and (ii) incorporating of non-canonical repeats into the designed sequences. In so doing, we reconcile the promiscuity and deliver a set of faithful homo-oligomericde novocoiled-coil peptides. Our findings have implications for the application of these and other coiled coils as modules in chemical and synthetic biology.
Biological sex determines skeletal muscle atrophy in response to cortical TDP-43 pathology
Authors: Odierna G Lorenzo , Reale Laura A , Dickson Tracey C , Blizzard Catherine A 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal and incurable neurodegenerative condition. In ALS, wasting of skeletal muscle causes weakness, paralysis and ultimately, death due to respiratory failure. Diagnosis of ALS is a long process and delays in diagnosis are common, which impedes rapid provision of patient care and treatment. Additional tools or methodologies that improve early detection might help overcome the diagnostic delays and enhance survival and quality of life for people with ALS. In this study, we used a transgenic mouse model to create a detailed catalogue of skeletal muscle wasting with the goal of finding muscles that can be examined to enhance early diagnosis of ALS.MethodsCortical pathology was induced by crossing CaMKIIa-tTA and tetO-hTDP-43ΔNLStransgenic mice (ΔNLS). Transgenic expression was induced at 30-days postnatal via removal of doxycycline diet. Mice were aged to 15-, 20-, 30- and 45-days post transgene induction. Microdissection was applied to isolate 22 individual hindlimb muscles for measurement of weight. Both males and females were used at all timepoints.ResultsWe found that male and female ΔNLS mice exhibited hindlimb skeletal muscle atrophy relative to controls. Multiply innervated muscles, also known as series-fibered muscles, were especially vulnerable to atrophy. The strongest predictor of the atrophic response across all hindlimb muscles was the extent to which any individual muscle was larger in males than females, known also as sexual dimorphism. In males, muscles that are usually larger in males compared to females experienced the most atrophy. Conversely, in females, muscles that are usually of similar size between males and females experienced the most atrophy. Segregating muscles based on whether they were more affected in males or females revealed that hip extensors, knee flexors, knee extensors, ankle dorsiflexors and ankle evertors were more affected in males. Hip adductors, hip rotators, hip flexors and ankle plantarflexors were more affected in females.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that the difference in the size of skeletal muscles in males compared to females is the most powerful predictor of muscle atrophy in response to dying forward pathology. This indicates that sex is a strong determinant of skeletal muscle vulnerability in ALS. Our results provide new insights into determinants of skeletal muscle atrophy and may help inform selection of muscles for diagnostic testing of ALS patients.
Supporting women, girls and people who menstruate to participate in physical activity – Rapid evidence summary
Authors: Csontos Judit , Edwards Deborah , Gillen Elizabeth , Hounsome Juliet , Kiseleva Meg , Mann Mala , Sidhu Amrita , Macey Steven , Lewis Ruth , Edwards Adrian , Cooper Alison 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInsufficient physical activity is a leading risk factor for non-communicable diseases and has a negative effect on mental health and quality of life. Women, girls and people who menstruate living in Wales are less likely to engage in regular physical activity than boys and men. The aim of this rapid evidence summary is to identify research focusing on physical activity participation (including exercise and sport) of women, girls and people who menstruate in relation to the menstrual cycle, to inform the Welsh Government Period Proud Action Plan.Results42 reports were identified, including overviews of reviews, systematic reviews, a scoping review, organisational reports, and primary studies. The secondary research evidence was published between 2008 and 2024 with the most recent searches being conducted in September 2023. The primary studies were published between 2020 and 2022. The organisational reports were published between 2018 and 2024.Research Implications and Evidence GapsThere is a need for interventions that could support physical activity participation (including exercise or sport) of women, girls and people who menstruate in relation to the menstrual cycle. These interventions need to consider and address barriers that women, girls and people who menstruate face in relation to their menstrual cycle, and robust evaluations are required to determine effectiveness.Funding statementThe Cardiff Evidence Synthesis Collaborative were funded for this work by the Health and Care Research Wales Evidence Centre, itself funded by Health and Care Research Wales on behalf of Welsh Government.
Dynamic allelic expression in mouse mammary gland across the adult developmental cycle
Authors: Hanin Geula , Costello Kevin R , Tavares Hugo , Patel Shrina , Ferguson-Smith Anne C 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe mammary gland, which primarily develops postnatally, undergoes significant changes during pregnancy and lactation to facilitate milk production. Through the generation and analysis of 480 transcriptomes, this study provides the first detailed allelic expression map of the mammary gland, cataloguing cell-type specific expression from ex-vivo purified cell populations over 10 developmental stages of the reproductive cycle enabling comparative analysis of cellular properties during this critical process.Genomic imprinting, a mechanism regulating gene expression based on parental origin, plays a crucial role in controlling gene dosage and stem cell potential throughout development and adult life. Although some imprinted genes have been identified in the mammary gland, a comprehensive assessment has been lacking. Our analysis identified 25 imprinted genes that are monoallelically expressed in the mammary gland, with several showing allele-specific expression in distinct cell types. No imprinted genes showed biallelic expression and novel imprinted genes were not identified.This research highlights known transcriptional dynamics within mammary gland cell types and identifies novel candidate genes potentially significant in the mammary gland as it develops during gestation and lactation. Additionally, our findings suggest that, unlike in brain, selective absence of imprinting does not serve as a mechanism for gene dosage control in the mammary gland.Overall, this comprehensive atlas of cell type, parent-of-origin, and stage-specific expression in the mammary gland represents a valuable resource for future studies on expression and transcriptional dynamics in mammary gland cell types.
Characterization of root exudates of black oat in the presence of interspecific weed species neighbours and intraspecific neighbours, and their effects on root traits
Authors: Eroğlu Çağla G. , Bennett Alexandra A. , Steininger-Mairinger Teresa , Hann Stephan , Puschenreiter Markus , Wirth Judith , Gfeller Aurélie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRoot exudates are composed of primary and secondary organic compounds that function as signalling molecules and play important roles in plant-environment interactions. The quantity and composition of root exudates vary depending on the species, genotype, and environmental conditions, including the presence and identity of neighbouring plants. Although cover crops are commonly used in agricultural practices for their ecosystem services, such as weed suppression, pathogen control, and soil structure improvement, studies on their root exudates are limited. Our study provides the first characterization of the root exudates of black oat interacting with weed neighbours, redroot pigweed and blackgrass, as well as with neighbours of the same species, black oat. We investigated how these interactions influence the black oat root exudation patterns. Furthermore, we investigated the impact of black oat presence on neighbours and how exposure to black oat root exudate treatments affects the root traits of weeds. The upregulated compounds detected in root exudates in response to neighbouring plants primarily belonged to the organic oxygen compounds superclass, with most of which identified as amino acids and carbohydrates. In the presence of redroot pigweed, a general increase in root exudation was observed, with amino acids and sugar sulphates being upregulated. The presence of black oat had varying effects among the neighbouring plants. While significant decreases observed and black oat in redroot pigweed root traits, an increase was observed in blackgrass. Similarly, more pronounced effects were observed in redroot pigweed compared to blackgrass upon root exudate application. This study provides a characterization and insights into the dynamic nature of root exudates and their influence on root traits and plant interactions.
Evaluating the students’ academic performance in the higher education sector through using social media platforms
Authors: Al-Busaidi Fatma Saif , Al Balushi Wisal , Al-Salti Zahran , Malik Aqdas , Shiyyab Fadi Shehab , Al-Okaily Manaf 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore the factors that affect higher education students’ behavioral intention and use of social media for educational purposes in the COVID-19 era, where the UTAUT2 model was adopted.

Design/methodology/approach
Convenience sampling was used to collect the required sample size and 301 completed questionnaires were analyzed. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS and SmartPLS4.

Findings
The analysis highlights in this study that eight hypotheses were supported, whereas six were not. The evidence from this study suggests that students in Oman have the needed resources that facilitate their adoption and use of social media for learning. Also, they have a more robust tendency level for the intention to use it in the future. With these in hand, higher education institutions must enforce the use of social media in education to take advantage of its availability where students can access valuable learning content at no cost.

Originality/value
This study offers empirical evidence on critical success factors underlying using online learning systems that can help system developers, higher education institutions and policymakers develop better strategies and systems that can support students' online learning and education.
Unraveling the dark side of resilience: entrepreneurial resilience diversity in new venture teams and entrepreneurial performance
Authors: Jiao Yishuo , Zhu Renhong , Fu Jialiang , Liu Qin , Li Xiaowei 
Published: September 2024

PurposePrevious studies may have overstated the benefits of entrepreneurial resilience while neglecting its potential adverse effects, especially in the context of team entrepreneurship. This study focuses on the structural characteristics of resilience, entrepreneurial team resilience diversity, to delve into the potential dark side effects of entrepreneurial resilience. Drawn upon the similarity-attraction theory, this study investigates the detrimental impact of entrepreneurial team resilience diversity on entrepreneurial performance from the team-member exchange (TMX) perspective, which describes the reciprocal relationships within a team and the moderating effect of environmental hostility.Design/methodology/approachThe study collected data by conducting a two-wave survey. With the assistance of officials from entrepreneurship service agencies, entrepreneurship parks and entrepreneurship training institutions in southeast China, this study collected survey data from 361 participants of 91 entrepreneurial teams. The current research conducted empirical tests with SPSS and PROCESS macro to test the hypotheses.FindingsEmpirical results from a two-wave survey of 91 entrepreneurial teams in China reveal the detrimental effects of entrepreneurial resilience. In the context of team entrepreneurship, the diversity of a team’s entrepreneurial resilience negatively impacts entrepreneurial performance by impairing the quality of TMX. Moreover, the indirect effect of TMX is strengthened in more hostile environments.Originality/valueExisting studies have mainly focused on the positive side of resilience. However, based on the similarity-attraction theory, this study explores the potential adverse effects of the structural characteristics of entrepreneurial team resilience from the perspective of team-member exchange (TMX). This study enriches the literature on resilience by demonstrating how resilience functions in new venture teams and challenges the assumption that resilience is universally beneficial to entrepreneurs. Introducing team members with high resilience in a hostile environment may not always benefit the team, deepening the understanding of entrepreneurial resilience when confronting adversities.
The relative importance of economic policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk on U.S. REITs returns
Authors: Coën Alain , Desfleurs Aurélie 
Published: September 2024

PurposeOur aim in this study is to investigate the relative importance of the economic policy uncertainty and of the geopolitical risk on U.S. REITs (Real Estate Investment Trusts) returns with a special focus on the different real estate sectors.Design/methodology/approachWe use an augmented Fama-French (1993)’s asset pricing model, including economic policy uncertainty indices (EPU), introduced by Baker et al. (2016), and geopolitical risk indices (GPR) recently developed by Caldara and Iacoviello (2022), to price the potential risk factors for U.S. Nareit indices returns. To obtain robust economic results, we correct for the problems of errors-in-variables in linear asset pricing models; we advocate the use of higher moments estimators as instruments in a generalized method of moments (GMM) framework.FindingsOur results report that economic policy uncertainty (EPU), and geopolitical risk (GPR) are priced for the different Nareit sectors for the last three decades. The GPR index stands as a relevant risk factor. The coefficient estimates are low compared to Fama-French risk factors. They are higher for Shopping Centers, Retail and Region Malls and lower for Health Care and Lodging/Resorts. EPU indices are also priced and less statistically significant. Health Care sector, followed by Shopping Centers and Retail are the most policy-sensitive sectors.Practical implicationsIn their “2023–2024 Top Ten Issues Affecting Real Estate” “political unrest and global economic health” is ranked 1 issue by the Counselors of Real Estate. Our results report that economic policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk are priced for the different Nareit sectors. They suggest implications for investors, insurers, bankers, policymakers and other stakeholders. The geopolitical risk index (GPR) stands as a relevant and significant risk factor for REITs returns.Originality/valueBased on parsimonious robust asset pricing models, the results shed a new light on the relative importance of geopolitical risk and economic policy uncertainty in the real estate sector, with a special focus on the different U.S. REITs sectors. They suggest possible implications for investors, insurers, bankers, policymakers and other stakeholders in a context marked by higher uncertainty shocks and geopolitical risks.
Analysis of the drivers and barriers influencing artificial intelligence for tackling climate change challenges
Authors: Moghayedi Alireza , Michell Kathy , Awuzie Bankole Osita 
Published: September 2024

PurposeFacilities management (FM) organizations are pivotal in enhancing the resilience of buildings against climate change impacts. While existing research delves into the adoption of digital technologies by FM organizations, there exists a gap regarding the specific utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) to address climate challenges. This study aims to investigate the drivers and barriers influencing the adoption and utilization of AI by South African FM organizations in mitigating climate change challenges.Design/methodology/approachThis study focuses on South Africa, a developing nation grappling with climate change’s ramifications on its infrastructure. Through a combination of systematic literature review and an online questionnaire survey, data was collected from representatives of 85 professionally registered FM organizations in South Africa. Analysis methods employed include content analysis, Relative Importance Index (RII), and Total Interpretative Structural Modeling (TISM).FindingsThe findings reveal that regulatory compliance and a responsible supply chain serve as critical drivers for AI adoption among South African FM organizations. Conversely, policy constraints and South Africa’s energy crisis emerge as major barriers to AI adoption in combating climate change challenges within the FM sector.Originality/valueThis study contributes to existing knowledge by bridging the gap in understanding how AI technologies are utilized by FM organizations to address climate challenges, particularly in the context of a developing nation like South Africa. The research findings aim to inform policymakers on fostering a conducive environment for FM organizations to harness AI in fostering climate resilience in built assets.
The moderating effect of collectivistic workplace culture on the link between political skill and knowledge sharing among faculty members
Authors: Yuan Tiantong , Charoensukmongkol Peerayuth 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of political skills of faculty members in Chinese universities on their tendency to obtain knowledge shared by their colleagues, as well as their tendency to share knowledge with their colleagues. Moreover, this study investigated the role of collectivistic culture in a workplace as the moderating variable that may influence the effect of political skill on knowledge sharing.

Design/methodology/approach
Survey data were obtained from 387 faculty members across six universities located in the northern and the central cities of China. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used as the statistical method for data analysis.

Findings
The results provided significant evidence that supported the positive effect of political skill on knowledge sharing. Furthermore, the moderating effect analysis showed that in the workplaces that had strong collectivist culture, the degree to which employees obtained knowledge shared by others, as well as the willingness of employees to share their knowledge to others, was more likely to happen as compared to that in the workplaces that had a weak collectivist culture.

Practical implications
As part of human capital development policies, political skill training could be an intervention to promote knowledge sharing among faculty members. The training may be particularly helpful to promote knowledge sharing in a workplace that adopts individualistic culture more than in a workplace that adopts collectivistic culture.

Originality/value
This study provided new evidence that extended previous studies by unveiling the moderating effect of collectivist culture in a workplace that was found to reduce the effect of political skill on knowledge sharing.
Ensembled surrogate-assisted material extrusion additive manufacturing for enhanced mechanical properties of PEEK
Authors: Padhy Chinmaya Prasad , Simhambhatla Suryakumar , Bhattacharjee Debraj 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
This study aims to improve the mechanical properties of an object produced by fused deposition modelling with high-grade polymer.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses an ensembled surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithm (SAEA) to optimize the process parameters for example, layer height, print speed, print direction and nozzle temperature for enhancing the mechanical properties of temperature-sensitive high-grade polymer poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) in fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing while considering print time as one of the important parameter. These models are integrated with an evolutionary algorithm to efficiently explore parameter space. The optimized parameters from the SAEA approach are compared with those obtained using the Gray Relational Analysis (GRA) Taguchi method serving as a benchmark. Later, the study also highlights the significant role of print direction in optimizing the mechanical properties of FDM 3D printed PEEK.

Findings
With the use of ensemble learning-based SAEA, one can successfully maximize the ultimate stress and percentage elongation with minimum print time. SAEA-based solution has 28.86% higher ultimate stress, 66.95% lower percentage of elongation and 7.14% lower print time in comparison to the benchmark result (GRA Taguchi method). Also, the results from the experimental investigation indicate that the print direction has a greater role in deciding the optimum value of mechanical properties for FDM 3D printed high-grade thermoplastic PEEK polymer.

Research limitations/implications
This study is valid for the parameter ranges, which are defined to conduct the experimentation.

Practical implications
This study has been conducted on the basis of taking only a few important process parameters as per the literatures and available scope of the study; however, there are many other parameters, e.g. wall thickness, road width, print orientation, fill pattern, roller speed, retraction, etc. which can be included to make a more comprehensive investigation and accuracy of the results for practical implementation.

Originality/value
This study deploys a novel meta-model-based optimization approach for enhancing the mechanical properties of high-grade thermoplastic polymers, which is rarely available in the published literature in the research domain.