bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Functions of the Organizational Culture the Hospital Wahidins Sudirohusodos as a Public Organization
Authors: Winangsih Wiwin , Makmur H. , Tahmir Suradi 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to analyze the functions of organizational culture values the General Hospital Center Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. This research is qualitative research approach of case studies. The data source is the primary data and secondary data. Primary data obtained through observation against the social situation and structured interview to informant. Secondary data obtained through documentation. Technique of data analysis is done through stages; data collection, data presentation, data reduction, and conclusion. This research is the indicator functions of organizational culture (motivation, social cohesion, and sense-making and control mechanism). The results of this study indicate that the values of culture organizations General Hospital Center Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar serves as a motivation source, social cohesion source, and sense-making and control mechanism. It can be demonstrated that: 1) the value of collaboration (teamwork) serve as a motivation source, by conducting all activities in a teamwork, evoking motivation on medical and non-medical personnel of the hospital; 2) value empathy serves of social cohesion source and these values also inspired leadership of hospitals to innovate and create a policy of people oriented, and 3) professional values serve as sense-making and control mechanism or transformed human resources ' attitude and behavior patterns, this value also form an aggressive working attitude and competitive on medical and non-medical personnel of the hospital. Organization culture values the General Hospital Center Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar has become a shared basic assumptions and guidelines for medical and non-medical personnel in providing medical services to the community.
The Effects of Rolling Back State Frontiers on the Development of Nigeria’s Economy (2003 – 2007)
Authors: Umo-Udo Ndifreke S. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The study focused on the deregulation of the downstream of Nigeria’s petroleum sub-sector as an aspect of Rolling back the state in Nigeria. Deregulation of the downstream of the petroleum sector is occasioned by the removal of subsidies on petroleum products. This paper is adapted from my Ph.D research work at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka on rolling back the state. The objective was to examine the impact of deregulation of the downstream of the petroleum sector on the road transport sectors of the Nigerian economy within the period 2003-2007. Data for the study were generated through the observations of primary and secondary sources. The data were analysed using tables, percentage and correlation analysis. The findings of the study shows that deregulation of the downstream of the petroleum sector allowed the private sector owned road transportation system to increase the cost of transport fares anytime the government announced increase in the pump price of products. An increase in the cost of road fares translated into increase in prices of goods and services which ultimately resulted in inflation. Equally the huge amount derived from petroleum has not been judiciously expended for building and construction of roads. The research recommends that government should monitor the execution of road contracts to guard against none and poor delivery of jobs.
Blasphemy Law and Public Neutrality in Indonesia
Authors: Nalle Victor Imanuel W. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Indonesia has the potential for social conflict and violence due to blasphemy. Currently, Indonesia has a blasphemy law that has been in effect since 1965. The blasphemy law formed on political factors and tend to ignore the public neutrality. Recently due to a case of blasphemy by the Governor of Jakarta, relevance of blasphemy law be discussed again. This paper analyzes the weakness of the blasphemy laws that regulated in Law No. 1/1965 and interpretation of the Constitutional Court on the Law No. 1/1965. The analysis in this paper, by statute approach, conceptual approach, and case approach, shows the weakness of Law No. 1/1965 in putting itself as an entity that is neutral in matters of religion. This weakness caused Law No. 1/1965 set the Government as the interpreter of the religion scriptures that potentially made the state can not neutral. Therefore, the criminalization of blasphemy should be based on criteria without involving the state as an interpreter of the theological doctrine.
Comparative Analysis of the Tax Burden on Car Ownership and Car Use in the EU Countries and Russia
Authors: Mayburov Igor , Leontyeva Yulia 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to compare the tax burden on car owners and car users in the countries of Europe and in Russia and to use the findings for identifying areas of improvement in the system of fiscal instruments under the present conditions of transport development. The article examines the European experience in the construction of fixed and variable transport taxes to regulate the behavior of the car owners. The theoretical background collection of taxes for the use of a car is considered. The article looks the size of fixed taxes in different countries depends on the technical characteristics of the car that determine its capability to have a negative impact on the road network and environmental factors. A conclusion is made that in Russia, the system of transport taxes lacks logic. The level of fixed taxes that is rather higher for Russia generates two effects: it hinders the growth of car ownership and preserves the negative structure of the car fleet. The low level of variable taxes (fuel tax and tolls) encourages the intense use of passenger cars. The approach will spur further growth of car ownership rates in Russia, making people car dependent. A reform of variable transport taxes is needed to regularly increase them. Such an increase should also be accomplished by regularly increasing fuel excise duties and introducing congestion charges and toll charges on more roads, bridges, tunnels, and conservation areas.
Comparative venom gland transcriptomics ofNaja kaouthia(monocled cobra) from Malaysia and Thailand: elucidating geographical venom variation and insights into sequence novelty
Authors: Tan Kae Yi , Tan Choo Hock , Chanhome Lawan , Tan Nget Hong 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe monocled cobra (Naja kaouthia) is a medically important venomous snake in Southeast Asia. Its venom has been shown to vary geographically in relation to venom composition and neurotoxic activity, indicating vast diversity of the toxin genes within the species. To investigate the polygenic trait of the venom and its locale-specific variation, we profiled and compared the venom gland transcriptomes ofN. kaouthiafrom Malaysia (NK-M) and Thailand (NK-T) applying next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology.MethodsThe transcriptomes were sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq platform, assembled and followed by transcript clustering and annotations for gene expression and function. Pairwise or multiple sequence alignments were conducted on the toxin genes expressed. Substitution rates were studied for the major toxins co-expressed in NK-M and NK-T.Results and discussionThe toxin transcripts showed high redundancy (41–82% of the total mRNA expression) and comprised 23 gene families expressed in NK-M and NK-T, respectively (22 gene families were co-expressed). Among the venom genes, three-finger toxins (3FTxs) predominated in the expression, with multiple sequences noted. Comparative analysis and selection study revealed that 3FTxs are genetically conserved between the geographical specimens whilst demonstrating distinct differential expression patterns, implying gene up-regulation for selected principal toxins, or alternatively, enhanced transcript degradation or lack of transcription of certain traits. One of the striking features that elucidates the inter-geographical venom variation is the up-regulation of α-neurotoxins (constitutes ∼80.0% of toxin’s fragments per kilobase of exon model per million mapped reads (FPKM)), particularly the long-chain α-elapitoxin-Nk2a (48.3%) in NK-T but only 1.7% was noted in NK-M. Instead, short neurotoxin isoforms were up-regulated in NK-M (46.4%). Another distinct transcriptional pattern observed is the exclusively and abundantly expressed cytotoxin CTX-3 in NK-T. The findings suggested correlation with the geographical variation in proteome and toxicity of the venom, and support the call for optimising antivenom production and use in the region. Besides, the current study uncovered full and partial sequences of numerous toxin genes fromN. kaouthiawhich have not been reported hitherto; these includeN. kaouthia-specificl-amino acid oxidase (LAAO), snake venom serine protease (SVSP), cystatin, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), hyaluronidase (HYA), waprin, phospholipase B (PLB), aminopeptidase (AP), neprilysin, etc. Taken together, the findings further enrich the snake toxin database and provide deeper insights into the genetic diversity of cobra venom toxins.
Recipient Twin Circular Shunt Physiology Before Fetal Laser Surgery: Survival and Risks for Postnatal Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction
Authors: Pruetz Jay D. , Votava‐Smith Jodie K. , Chmait Hikmat R. , Korst Lisa M. , Llanes Arlyn , Chmait Ramen H. 
Published: April 2017

ObjectivesTo evaluate risk for congenital heart disease (CHD) in recipient twins with circular shunt physiology (CSP).MethodsThis prospective study enrolled twin‐twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) cases from 2006 to 2015. Fetal echocardiography (FE) was performed before laser surgery when cardiac involvement was suspected. Diagnosis of recipient twin CSP required tricuspid and pulmonary regurgitation, right ventricular dysfunction, and flow reversal in the ductus arteriosus. Outcomes were assessed at 30 days after birth.ResultsOf the 496 TTTS pregnancies, 20 (4%) met the criteria for CSP. Among those born alive, who had documented cardiac outcomes (n = 457), patients with CSP were more likely to have CHD, specifically right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (5 of 18 [27.8%] versus 22 of 439 [5.0%], odd ratio [OR] 7.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.05–24.72, P = .0025). Of the recipient twins with preoperative FE (n = 259, 52%) who were born alive and had documented cardiac outcomes (n = 242), those with CSP were still more likely to have right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (5 of 18 [27.8%] versus 14 of 224 [6.3%], OR 5.77, CI 1.54–20.92, P = .0077). With both analyses, twins with CSP had higher Quintero stage, but similar patient characteristics and 30‐day mortality compared with those without CSP. Subgroup analyses of the CSP cohort identified no differences in preoperative characteristics or FE findings predictive of CHD.ConclusionsRecipient twins with preoperative CSP were at increased risk for postnatal right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, but appeared to have comparable survival after fetal laser surgery despite these dramatic pathophysiological prenatal findings. Preoperative FE in TTTS remains important for prediction of postnatal CHD.
Physical Activity to Reduce Fatigue in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Katz Patricia , Margaretten Mary , Gregorich Steven , Trupin Laura 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveEffective treatments for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fatigue are limited. We tested the effect of a pedometer‐based intervention on increasing physical activity and decreasing fatigue among individuals with RA.MethodsParticipants completed baseline questionnaires; had 1 week of activity monitoring; were randomized to control (education [EDUC]), pedometer and step‐monitoring diary (PED), or pedometer and diary plus step targets (PED+) groups, and were followed for 21 weeks. At week 10, questionnaires were administered by phone to all participants. During the final week, all participants again had 1 week of activity monitoring. Primary outcomes were changes in average weekly steps and fatigue (Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System 7‐item questionnaire) from baseline to week 21. Secondary outcomes were self‐reported disease activity, physical function, pain interference, and depressive symptoms. Changes in steps were tested using a linear mixed model. Changes in fatigue were tested with repeated‐measures models, including baseline, week‐10, and week‐21 scores.ResultsA total of 96 individuals participated. Eight did not complete the 21‐week assessments. Both intervention groups significantly increased steps (+1,441 [P = 0.004] for PED and +1,656 [P = 0.001] for PED+), and the EDUC group decreased steps (‐747 [P = 0.14]) (group‐by‐time interaction P = 0.0025). Between‐group changes in fatigue were not significantly different (interaction P = 0.21). Mean changes in fatigue scores from baseline to week 21 were ‐1.6 (with‐group P = 0.26), ‐3.2 (P = 0.02), and ‐4.8 (P = 0.0002) for EDUC, PED, and PED+ groups, respectively. Function and self‐reported disease activity also improved in the PED and PED+ groups.ConclusionProvision of pedometers, with and without providing step targets, was successful in increasing activity levels and decreasing fatigue in this sample of individuals with RA.
Clinical Characteristics, Disease Activity, and Patient‐Reported Outcomes in Psoriatic Arthritis Patients With Dactylitis or Enthesitis: Results From the Corrona Psoriatic Arthritis/Spondyloarthritis Registry
Authors: Mease Philip J. , Karki Chitra , Palmer Jacqueline B. , Etzel Carol J. , Kavanaugh Arthur , Ritchlin Christopher T. , Malley Wendi , Herrera Vivian , Tran Melody , Greenberg Jeffrey D. 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveTo characterize psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients with dactylitis or enthesitis and evaluate the associations of these manifestations with disease activity and patient‐reported outcomes.MethodsUsing the Corrona PsA/Spondyloarthritis Registry, patient characteristics, disease activity, and patient‐reported outcomes at registry enrollment were assessed for PsA patients ages ≥18 years with or without dactylitis or enthesitis. Regression models were used to evaluate associations of dactylitis and enthesitis with outcomes, including minimal disease activity, Health Assessment Questionnaire scores, patient‐reported pain and fatigue, and work productivity (Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire). Adjustments were made for age, sex, race, body mass index, disease duration, and history of biologic agent, disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug, and prednisone use.ResultsThis analysis included 1,567 PsA patients (420 with enthesitis; 228 with dactylitis). Patients with versus without dactylitis or enthesitis had greater disease activity and were less likely to be in minimal disease activity (P < 0.05). Patients with versus without enthesitis had poorer functional status as assessed by the Health Assessment Questionnaire (adjusted P = 4.15 x 10−5), greater patient‐reported pain and fatigue (adjusted P < 0.0001), and greater likelihood of any impairment while working (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.57, P = 0.027), overall work impairment (OR 1.85, P = 0.006), and activity impairment (OR 1.77, P = 0.008). Dactylitis was associated with similar numerical trends, but differences versus patients without dactylitis did not reach statistical significance.ConclusionEnthesitis and dactylitis are associated with greater overall disease burden of PsA, underscoring the importance of identifying, assessing, and effectively managing these periarticular manifestations.
Hierarchical Porous Carbon Spheres for High‐Performance Na–O2 Batteries
Authors: Sun Bing , Kretschmer Katja , Xie Xiuqiang , Munroe Paul , Peng Zhangquan , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAs a new family member of room‐temperature aprotic metal–O2 batteries, Na–O2 batteries, are attracting growing attention because of their relatively high theoretical specific energy and particularly their uncompromised round‐trip efficiency. Here, a hierarchical porous carbon sphere (PCS) electrode that has outstanding properties to realize Na–O2 batteries with excellent electrochemical performances is reported. The controlled porosity of the PCS electrode, with macropores formed between PCSs and nanopores inside each PCS, enables effective formation/decomposition of NaO2 by facilitating the electrolyte impregnation and oxygen diffusion to the inner part of the oxygen electrode. In addition, the discharge product of NaO2 is deposited on the surface of individual PCSs with an unusual conformal film‐like morphology, which can be more easily decomposed than the commonly observed microsized NaO2 cubes in Na–O2 batteries. A combination of coulometry, X‐ray diffraction, and in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry provides compelling evidence that the operation of the PCS‐based Na–O2 battery is underpinned by the formation and decomposition of NaO2. This work demonstrates that employing nanostructured carbon materials to control the porosity, pore‐size distribution of the oxygen electrodes, and the morphology of the discharged NaO2 is a promising strategy to develop high‐performance Na–O2 batteries.
Molecular Engineering with Organic Carbonyl Electrode Materials for Advanced Stationary and Redox Flow Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Zhao Qing , Zhu Zhiqiang , Chen Jun 
Published: April 2017

AbstractOrganic carbonyl electrode materials that have the advantages of high capacity, low cost and being environmentally friendly, are regarded as powerful candidates for next‐generation stationary and redox flow rechargeable batteries (RFBs). However, low carbonyl utilization, poor electronic conductivity and undesired dissolution in electrolyte are urgent issues to be solved. Here, we summarize a molecular engineering approach for tuning the capacity, working potential, concentration of active species, kinetics, and stability of stationary and redox flow batteries, which well resolves the problems of organic carbonyl electrode materials. As an example, in stationary batteries, 9,10‐anthraquinone (AQ) with two carbonyls delivers a capacity of 257 mAh g−1 (2.27 V vs Li+/Li), while increasing the number of carbonyls to four with the formation of 5,7,12,14‐pentacenetetrone results in a higher capacity of 317 mAh g−1 (2.60 V vs Li+/Li). In RFBs, AQ, which is less soluble in aqueous electrolyte, reaches 1 M by grafting –SO3H with the formation of 9,10‐anthraquinone‐2,7‐disulphonic acid, resulting in a power density exceeding 0.6 W cm−2 with long cycling life. Therefore, through regulating substituent groups, conjugated structures, Coulomb interactions, and the molecular weight, the electrochemical performance of carbonyl electrode materials can be rationally optimized. This review offers fundamental principles and insight into designing advanced carbonyl materials for the electrodes of next‐generation rechargeable batteries.
Change in postmenarche anthropometric indicators in indigenous and nonindigenous adolescents from Chile
Authors: Lara Macarena , Bustos Patricia , Amigo Hugo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the change in anthropometric indicators between menarche and 36 months after menarche among indigenous and non‐indigenous adolescents from the Araucanía Region of Chile.MethodThis was a concurrent cohort study. Of 8,504 girls interviewed, 114 indigenous adolescents and 123 nonindigenous adolescents who had recently experienced menarche were selected. Body mass index (BMI), BMI by age (BMI z‐score), waist circumference (WC) and body fat percentage (BF%) were evaluated at menarche and 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months postmenarche. Linear models estimated with generalized estimating equations were used to quantify disparities adjusted for baseline anthropometric values, age at menarche, place of residence, and socioeconomic level.RESULTSIndigenous girls presented menarche 4 months later than nonindigenous girls and had significantly higher BMI (1.5 kg/m2), BMI z‐score (0.4), WC (2.9 cm), and BF% (1.7%) at menarche. Adjusted results did not show an association between being indigenous and post‐menarche anthropometric variables: BMI = 0.1 kg/m2 (CI = −0.3; 0.5), BMI z‐score = 0 (CI = −0.1; 0.1), WC = 0.7 cm (CI = −0.6; 2.0), and BF% = 0.5% (CI = −0.2; 1.3). It is important to mention that the mean BMI z‐score of both groups were in the overweight category.CONCLUSIONAt menarche, indigenous girls had higher values than nonindigenous girls for all anthropometric variables, and this trend remained after menarche, with no further change in ethnic disparity over the subsequent three years. This reinforces the need to implement interventions to prevent or control excess weight prior to menarche, with emphasis on indigenous girls.
Unsupported Nanoporous Gold‐Catalyzed Chemoselective Reduction of α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes Using Formic Acid as Hydrogen Source
Authors: Butt Madiha , Feng Xiujuan , Yamamoto Yoshinori , Almansour Abdulrahman I. , Arumugam Natarajan , Kumar Raju Suresh , Bao Ming 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA straightforward, highly chemoselective hydrogenation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes was developed using unsupported nanoporous gold (AuNPore) as a heterogeneous catalyst with bio‐renewable formic acid (HCO2H) as hydrogen source. Various α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes were reduced to their corresponding allylic alcohols in good to high chemical yields with excellent selectivity. AuNPore offers several attractive features as a catalyst, such as high activity and selectivity, easy recyclability, and no leaching.
Shear‐wave elastographic ultrasound of metacarpophalangeal synovium in rheumatoid arthritis – A pilot study
Authors: Sammel Anthony Michael , Spies Michael Carl , DeCarle Rohan , Rayment Michael , Joshua Fredrick 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIntroductionShear‐wave elastographic ultrasound (SW‐EUS) assesses the stiffness of human tissues. It is used in liver, thyroid and breast imaging but has not been studied in synovium. Soft tissues have a slower shear‐wave velocity (SWV) than stiff tissues. We hypothesised that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients would have softer synovium than controls and this could be quantified with a slower SWV. We also assessed whether SWV varied with disease activity.MethodsNine patients with RA were consecutively recruited and matched with five controls. Participants underwent clinical assessment, blood sampling, grey scale ultrasound (GSUS), power Doppler ultrasound and SW‐EUS of MCP joints 2–5 on the dominant hand.ResultsAverage age was 60. Mean RA disease activity (DAS28‐ESR) was moderate at 3.65. Patients with RA had lower maximum synovial SWV than controls (6.38 m/s vs. 6.99 m/s P = 0.042). Negative Pearson's correlation coefficients (PCC) were observed between maximum SWV and disease activity markers including GSUS graded synovial thickness (PCC = −0.57, P = 0.03) and ESR (PCC = −0.46, P = 0.095). Intra‐ and interobserver reliability was good with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of 0.66 and 0.58, respectively, for quantitative maximum SWV and ICC > 0.80 for colour scale rated SWV.ConclusionThis is the first pilot study of SW‐EUS in synovium. Maximum synovial SWV was significantly lower in RA than controls. There was a negative correlation between maximum SWV and GSUS synovial thickening. Further study is warranted to confirm the role of SW‐EUS in diagnosing and assessing disease activity in RA.