bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Drosophila to discover mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes
Authors: Alfa Ronald W. , Kim Seung K. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Mechanisms of glucose homeostasis are remarkably well conserved between the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and mammals. From the initial characterization of insulin signaling in the fly came the identification of downstream metabolic pathways for nutrient storage and utilization. Defects in these pathways lead to phenotypes that are analogous to diabetic states in mammals. These discoveries have stimulated interest in leveraging the fly to better understand the genetics of type 2 diabetes mellitus in humans. Type 2 diabetes results from insulin insufficiency in the context of ongoing insulin resistance. Although genetic susceptibility is thought to govern the propensity of individuals to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus under appropriate environmental conditions, many of the human genes associated with the disease in genome-wide association studies have not been functionally studied. Recent advances in the phenotyping of metabolic defects have positioned Drosophila as an excellent model for the functional characterization of large numbers of genes associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here, we examine results from studies modeling metabolic disease in the fruit fly and compare findings to proposed mechanisms for diabetic phenotypes in mammals. We provide a systematic framework for assessing the contribution of gene candidates to insulin-secretion or insulin-resistance pathways relevant to diabetes pathogenesis.
Detection of plasmids and curing analysis in copper resistant bacteria Acinetobacter sp. IrC1, Acinetobacter sp. IrC2, and Cupriavidus sp. IrC4
Authors: IRAWATI WAHYU , YUWONO TRIWIBOWO , RUSLI AMANDA 
Published: April 2016

Irawati W, Yuwono T, Rusli A. 2016. Detection of plasmids and curing analysis in copper resistant bacteria Acinetobacter sp.Â IrC1, Acinetobacter sp. IrC2, and Cupriavidus sp. IrC4. Biodiversitas 17: 296-300. Acinetobacter sp. IrC1, Acinetobacter sp. IrC2, andÂ Cupriavidus sp. IrC4 were copper resistant bacteria. The aims of the study were to establish correlation between bacterial resistance anthe presence of plasmid and to prove the presence of gene that encodes resistance to copper in plasmid. Plasmid curing was carried outÂ by the addition of ethidium bromide, acridine orange, and SDS in Salt Base Solution broth medium. Detection of copper resistance geneÂ in plasmid was carried out by PCR method using CopA primer. The study showed that plasmid isolation has been successfullyÂ performed in Acinetobacter sp. IrC1, Acinetobacter sp. IrC2, and Cupriavidus sp. IrC4. The size of plasmid was approximately moreÂ than 21 kb. The most effective curing treatment in Acinetobacter sp. IrC1 was 600-700 Âµg/ml ethidium bromide that reduced up to threeÂ times of copper resistance after curing treatment. Meanwhile, copper resistance in Acinetobacter sp. IrC2 and Cupriadus sp. IrC4Â decreased four times after curing treatment using 150-200 Âµg/mL acridine orange and 3000-3500 Âµg/mL SDS, respectively. TheÂ decrease of copper resistance following plasmid curing treatment suggested that copper resistance gene was encoded by the plasmid.Â The amplification of CopA gene in the plasmid showed the presence of single band DNA with approximately 1.8 kb. The finding onÂ copper resistance present in the plasmid may open a wider application of bacteria as copper bioremediation agent.
The visual rhetorics of liberty: Towards the viewer as producer
Authors: Betts Janet 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This article argues that our understanding of visual liberty is framed within a functionalist circumscription. It thereby sets out to map an enfranchising dynamic for the act of viewing that is initiated within the domain of art but imbricates beyond it, illuminating and undermining the functionalism of the image within the culture industry: a functionalism that facilitates the sedimentation of ideologies and renders them matters of first rather than second nature, thereby militating against social change. Its approach, shaped through Antonio Gramsci’s work on the agency of the organic intellectual, establishes the historical background of art and the viewer through a detailed inventory that focuses on how tutoring the act of viewing has serviced elite hegemonies, beginning with early mediaeval church art and artefacts and progressing through to mediations of art history, art criticism and art theory. It proposes that the peculiar strengths of art can be put to the service of social change by illuminating how the visual rhetoric of the image industry constrains and controls our subjectivities. Through a Benjaminite partnership, the artist and viewer, working as organic intellectuals, can reconfigure their historic functioning into a creative coalition that activates the agency of the latter to inhabit a new space for thought and action. This understands art as a modus operandi, working shoulder to shoulder with other disciplines that are engaged in an emancipatory project: one way amongst many of doing, rather than a discrete discipline with outreach workers in selected theoretical fields.
Multi-object Tracking in Aerial Image Sequences using Aerial Tracking Learning and Detection Algorithm
Authors: Malagi Vindhya P. , D.R. Ramesh Babu , Rangarajan Krishnan 
Published: April 2016

<p>Vison based tracking in aerial images has its own significance in the areas of both civil and defense applications. A novel algorithm called aerial tracking learning detection which works on the basis of the popular tracking learning detection algorithm to effectively track single and multiple objects in aerial images is proposed in this study. Tracking learning detection (TLD) considers both appearance and motion features for tracking. It can handle occlusion to certain extent, and can work well on long duration video sequences. However, when objects are tracked in aerial images taken from platforms like unmanned air vehicle, the problems of frequent pose change, scale and illumination variations arise adding to low resolution, noise and jitter introduced by motion of the camera. The proposed algorithm incorporates compensation for the camera movement, algorithmic modifications in combining appearance and motion cues for detection and tracking of multiple objects and enhancements in the form of inter object distance measure for improved performance of the tracker when there are many identical objects in proximity. This algorithm has been tested on a large number of aerial sequences including benchmark videos, TLD dataset and many classified unmanned air vehicle sequences and has shown better performance in comparison to TLD.</p><p> </p>
Narrow Band Interference Elimination based on Compressed Sensing in UWB Energy Detector
Authors: Patil Priyanka G. , Birajdar Gajanan K. 
Published: April 2016

<p>Wireless communication applications with large signal bandwidth are developed tremendously in recent times. Due to large bandwidth the wide band communication causes huge power consumption and signal deterioration after addition of narrow band interference (NBI). The ultra wide band (UWB) energy detector, which is highly robust against NBI signal is presented. Compressed sensing is implemented to reduce the power consumption at the analog to digital converter with approximated message passing reconstruction. In addition to this, digital notch is employed to eliminate the NBI affected measurements from compressed version of the received signal before applying it to the energy detector. To analyze the efficiency of the detector, the energy detection and bit error probability of the detector in the absence of NBI and after mitigating NBI is compared. The simulation results are the evidence of effectiveness of the presented energy detector.</p><p> </p>
Effect of Noise on Practical Quantum Communication Systems
Authors: Sharma Vishal 
Published: April 2016

<p>Entanglement is an important resource for various applications of quantum computation. Another important endeavor is to establish the role of entanglement in practical implementation where system of interest is affected by various kinds of noisy channels. Here, a single classical bit is used to send information under the influence of a noisy quantum channel. The entanglement content of quantum states is computed under noisy channels such as amplitude damping, phase damping, squeesed generalised amplitude damping, Pauli channels and various collective noise models on the protocols of quantum key distribution.</p><p> </p>
Dynamics for Generalized Incompressible Navier--Stokes Equations in ℝ2
Authors: Guo Boling , Huang Daiwen , Li Qiaoxin , Sun Chunyou 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the dynamics for damped generalized incompressible Navier–Stokes equations defined on

ℝ
2

${\mathbb{R}^{2}}$

. The generalized Navier–Stokes equations here refer to the equations obtained by replacing the Laplacian in the classical Navier–Stokes equations by the more general operator

(

-
Δ

)

α

${(-\Delta)^{\alpha}}$

with

α
∈

(

1
2

,
1
)

${\alpha\in(\frac{1}{2},1)}$

. We prove that the rate of dissipation of enstrophy vanishes as

ν
→

0
+

${\nu\to 0^{+}}$

, where ν is the viscosity parameter. Moreover, we prove the existence and finite dimensionality of a global attractor in

(

H
1

⁢

(

ℝ
2

)

)

2

${(H^{1}(\mathbb{R}^{2}))^{2}}$

as

ν
>
0

${\nu>0}$

is kept fixed for the generalized Navier–Stokes equations.
Holding Your Scream in Your Hand. 3D Printing as Inter-Dimensional Experience in Contemporary Artworks by Alicia Framis, Martin Erik Andersen and Hito Steyerl
Authors: Jakobsen Lise Skytte 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
During the last couple of years, 3D printing has been widely discussed as a technology with the potential to revolutionize production methods as we used to know them. However, hitherto not much has been written about the aesthetic| aspects of this new possibility of transferring bits to atoms. What kinds of (3D) images are awaiting us? This article focuses on how three contemporary artists are including 3D prints and the process of 3D printing in their work. The article offers a short introduction to the characteristics of 3D printing followed by indebt analysis of art works by Spanish installation artist Alicia Framis. Danish sculptor and professor at The Royal Danish Art Academy Martin Erik Andersen and German filmmaker and writer Hito Steyerl. The article points out how these, very different, works of art use 3D printing to offer the viewer a sense of inter-dimensionality. The central experience here lies somewhere between 2D and 3D.
Rhizomatic Narrative and Intermediality in Treme
Authors: Bene Adrián 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In this paper, I study the narrative structure and the layers of meaning in the Treme (2010-2013), using the concept of rhizome introduced in A Thousand Plateaus by Deleuze and Guattari (1987) and the Hannerzian “root metaphor” of creole culture. As for New Orleans in the Treme, music makes the narrative structure not just multilinear but rhizomatic. Moreover, spontaneity and hybridity highlight dialogicity and poliphony as well as a strong ironic and subversive capacity concerning music and creole culture. On a narratological level, analysing the critical representation of social problems after the destruction of Hurricane Kathrina raises the problems of focalization and narratorial distance
Adapting the Medium: Dynamics of Intermedial Adaptation in Contemporary Japanese Popular Visual Culture
Authors: Pusztai Beáta 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
With respect to adaptation studies, contemporary Japanese popular culture signifies a unique case, as different types of media (be those textual, auditive, visual or audio-visual) are tightly intertwined through the “recycling” of successful characters and stories. As a result, a neatly woven net of intermedial adaptations has been formed - the core of this complex system being the manga-anime-live-action film “adaptational triangle.” On the one hand, the paper addresses the interplay of the various factors by which the very existence of this network is made possible, such as the distinctive cultural attitude to “originality,” the structure of the comics, animation and film industries, and finally, the role of fictitious genealogies of both traditional and contemporary media in the negotiation of national identity. On the other hand, the essay also considers some of the most significant thematic, narrative, and stylistic effects this close interconnectedness has on the individual medium. Special attention is being paid to the nascent trend of merging the adaptive medium with that of the original story (viewing adaptation as integration), apparent in contemporary manga-based live- action comedies, as the extreme case of intermedial adaptation. That is, when the aim of the adaptational process is no longer the transposition of the story but the adaptation (i.e. the incorporation) of the medium itself- elevating certain medium-specific devices into transmedial phenomena.
Travel Writing on the Edge: An Intermedial Approach to Travel Books and Travel Blogs
Authors: Calzati Stefano 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
After discussing the limits and potentialities of the definitions of travel writing proposed by Paul Fussell (1980). Patrick Holland and Graham Huggan (1998) and Jan Borm (2004), the article presents a characterization of travel writing both as a genre with a precise rhetorical status, as well as a praxis of knoivledge, which derives from the interplay between travelling and writing. Building on this, a comparison between two Italian travel books and two Italian travel blogs about China is proposed. Specifically, by considering these texts as “intermedial transpositions” (Wolf 2008) that realize the same generic and epistemological matrix (i.e. travel writing), a Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis (MCDA) is conducted in order to assess: 1) how the book and the blog, as different medial formats, interpret the rhetorical features of the travel writing genre: and 2) to what extent the gnoseological and cross-cultural potentials of travel writing, as a praxis of knowledge, is affected by the process of transposition.
Digitalization and the Production of Feeling and Emotion: The Case of Words Cut into the Skin
Authors: Sternudd Hans T. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This article investigates one example of how affect is articulated in the self-cutting of words into the skin and how the meaning of this multimodal [statement is modified through remediation. According to Tomkins, affects are understood as intensities that are impossible to frame as feelings or emotions. A theoretical framework based on Laclau’s and Mouffe’s discourse theory and the multimodal categories developed by Kress and van Leeuwen is used. Photographs of self-cutting and statements from people who cut themselves are examined through content analyses. The results show that words that had been cut into the skin often referred to painful experiences, disgust directed against themselves, or social isolation. Further, the study shows that when the cut-in words are remediated through a photograph, digitalized and published online, other meanings appear. Inside internet communities for people who self-injure, the photographs were associated with a communal experience, identification and prescribed activity. The original self-oriented feelings about one’s shortcomings and isolation attached to self-cutting could be altered so that those connoted, instead, experiences of solidarity, identity and intimacy.
Elemental, microstructural, and mechanical characterization of high gold orthodontic brackets after intraoral aging
Authors: Hersche Sepp , Sifakakis Iosif , Zinelis Spiros , Eliades Theodore 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the elemental composition, the microstructure, and the selected mechanical properties of high gold orthodontic brackets after intraoral aging. Thirty Incognito™ (3M Unitek, Bad Essen, Germany) lingual brackets were studied, 15 brackets as received (control group) and 15 brackets retrieved from different patients after orthodontic treatment. The surface of the wing area was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Backscattered electron imaging (BEI) was performed, and the elemental composition was determined by X-ray EDS analysis (EDX). After appropriate metallographic preparation, the mechanical properties tested were Martens hardness (HM), indentation modulus (E
Spurious elevation of serum potassium concentration measured in samples with thrombocytosis
Authors: Roccaforte Vincenzo , Daves Massimo , Alfreijat Adawiya , Riva Monica , Leitner Maria , Filippi Stefania , Angaroni Giulio , Montani Franco , Platzgummer Stefan , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

Background: Several factors that can lead to falsely elevated values of serum. Thrombocytosis is one of these factors, since breakage or activation of platelets during blood coagulation in vitro may lead to spurious release of potassium. The purpose of the study was to evaluate to which extent the platelet count may impact on potassium in both serum and plasma.

Methods: The study population consisted of 42 subjects with platelets values comprised between 20 and 750×109/L. In each sample potassium was measured in both serum and plasma using potentiometric indirect method on the analyzer Modular P800 (Roche, Milan, Italy). Platelet count was performed with the hematological analyzer Advia 120 (Siemens, Milano, Italy).

Results: Significant differences were found between potassium values in serum and in plasma. A significant correlation was also observed between serum potassium values and the platelet count in whole blood, but not with the age, sex, erythrocyte and leukocyte counts in whole blood. No similar correlation was noticed between plasma potassium and platelet count in whole blood. The frequency of hyperkalemia was also found to be higher in serum (20%) than in plasma (7%) in samples with a platelet count in whole blood >450×109/L.

Conclusions: The results of this study show that platelets in the biological samples may impact on potassium measurement when exceeding 450×109/L. We henceforth suggest that potassium measurement in plasma may be more accurate than in serum, especially in subjects with thrombocytosis.
A Novel Design of Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for UWB Application
Authors: Yang Xiaolin , Yu Ziliang , Wu Zheng , Shen Huajiao 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we present a novel frequency reconfigurable antenna which could be easily operate in a single notched-band (WiMAX (3.3–3.6 GHz)) UWB frequency band, another single notched-band (WLAN (5–6 GHz)) UWB frequency band and the dual band-notched UWB frequency band (the stopband covers the WiMAX (3.3–3.6 GHz) and WLAN (5–6 GHz)). The reconfigurability is achieved by changing the states of PIN diodes. The simulated results are in agreement well with the measured results. And the measured patterns are slightly changed with antenna reconfiguration. The proposed antenna is a good candidate for various UWB applications.
High-Current Pulsed Electron Treatment of Hypoeutectic Al–10Si Alloy
Authors: Diankun Lu , Bo Gao , Guanglin Zhu , Jike Lv , Liang Hu 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This paper reports, for the first time, an analysis of the effect of high-current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) on a hypoeutectic Al–10Si alloy. The Al–10Si alloy was treated by HCPEB in order to see the potential of this fairly recent technique in modifying its wear resistance. For the beam energy density of 3 J/cm2 used in the present work, the melting mode was operative and led to the formation of a “wavy” surface and the absence of mass primary Si phase and eutectic microstructure. The surface nanocrystallization of primary and eutectic Si phases led to the increase in macro-hardness of the top surface layer, and the wear resistance was drastically improved with a factor of 4.
Geometry and Material Constraint Effects on Creep Crack Growth Behavior in Welded Joints
Authors: Li Y. , Wang G. Z. , Xuan F. Z. , Tu S. T. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In this work, the geometry and material constraint effects on creep crack growth (CCG) and behavior in welded joints were investigated. The CCG paths and rates of two kinds of specimen geometry (C(T) and M(T)) with initial cracks located at soft HAZ (heat-affected zone with lower creep strength) and different material mismatches were simulated. The effect of constraint on creep crack initiation (CCI) time was discussed. The results show that there exists interaction between geometry and material constraints in terms of their effects on CCG rate and CCI time of welded joints. Under the condition of low geometry constraint, the effect of material constraint on CCG rate and CCI time becomes more obvious. Higher material constraint can promote CCG due to the formation of higher stress triaxiality around crack tip. Higher geometry constraint can increase CCG rate and reduce CCI time of welded joints. Both geometry and material constraints should be considered in creep life assessment and design for high-temperature welded components.
In Situ Gasification Chemical Looping Combustion of Coal Using the Mixed Oxygen Carrier of Natural Anhydrite Ore and Calcined Limestone
Authors: Min Zheng , Laihong Shen 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The utilization of CaSO4-based oxygen carrier suffers the deactivation problem caused by sulphur loss. To capture the gas sulphides and to improve the stability of CaSO4 oxygen carrier, calcined limestone was introduced into the fuel reactor of Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC). Kinetic behaviors and thermodynamics of the combined process of coal gasification and oxygen carrier reduction using the mixed oxygen carrier CaSO4-CaO under different atmospheres were investigated. The effects of reaction temperature, gasification intermediate, and molar ratio of CaO to CaSO4 on gas sulphide emissions, CO2 generation, and distribution of other gas emissions and characterization of solid products are taken into account. It is found the CaO-based additive evidently suppressed the sulphur emissions, and improved both chemical reaction rate and CO2 generation efficiency. The sulfation products, both CaS and CaSO4, can be used as oxygen carrier later. The optimum reaction parameters are evaluated and obtained in terms of gas sulphide emissions, CO2 capture, other gas releases and maintenance of oxygen transfer capability.
Reform der kommunalen Finanzbeziehungen: Kommunale Umsatzsteuerbeteiligung unter Gewerbesteuer-Wettbewerbselementen / Reform of Local Fiscal Relationships: Communal Share of German Value-added Tax with Elements of Interregional Business Tax Competition
Authors: Mudrack Tony 
Published: April 2016

Summary
The Business tax in Germany (German: Gewerbesteuer) has remained a continuous problem in spite of the recent economic boom. There has been a dramatic resurgence of populist voices calling for the abolition of the German Business tax.
Regardless of these debates, the structural deficits of the business tax are undeniable. As one of the main sources of tax revenues for German local authority it is subject to tremendous economic cycle volatility, because it is widely perceived as being a tax on profit. A further problem is that many other problems concerning tax-based deficiencies within the German Business tax law are arising. Consequently, the number of business enterprises actually paying the business tax is negligible. A serious consequence of all these deficits is that the allocation of public investments becomes extremely hindered.
For this reason a completely unique plan for reforming the recent local fiscal relationships is presented in this paper. It explicitly argues for the preservation of the German Business tax while nevertheless sustainable stabilising the revenues of German local authorities by means of allowing them a share of the German Value-added tax (German: Umsatzsteuer). This share is distributed to local authorities by their individual share of local revenues of German business tax and total tax revenues of Business taxation.