bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of swelling mechanisms in self-adherent microneedles
Authors: Tarpey Ruth , Islam Shahrin , Bernardo Bruno , Singh Manisha , Lee Eunjee A , Karp Jeffrey M , Lee Yuhan , Roche Ellen T , Ronan William 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Swellable microneedles (MNs) expand to mechanically interlock with wet biological tissue, offering improved adhesion and enhanced drug delivery over non-swellable counterparts. This study numerically evaluates how the material and geometric parameters of swellable MN arrays influence shape change. Using finite element simulation, MNs were subjected to unconstrained swelling, approximated via a thermal-strain analogy. Optimal MN design must support mechanical interlocking to prevent dislodgement. We observed that wet in vivo environments induce unwanted swelling-mediated curvature, hindering contact and interlocking. We quantified this bending and calibrated gel material swellability using experimental data. To counteract curling, we introduced a design approach to shift the direction of the unwanted curling and improve MN array conformability.
Performance optimization of MA0.5FA0.5PbI3/CsPbI3 based hybrid perovskite solar cell emphasizing on double absorber layer
Authors: Kaur Jaspinder , Garg Sidharth , Basu Rikmantra , Sharma Ajay Kumar , Pandey Rahul , Madan Jaya , Saddullah Md 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The utilization of cesium-based lead halide (CsPbI3) PSC has considerable potential in the photovoltaic industry due to their high efficiency, underpinned by features such as a high absorption coefficient, thermal stability, and commendable efficiency. Nevertheless, the bandgap of CsPbI3, standing at 1.7 eV, poses a challenge as it is relatively high for a single-junction device. To overcome this limitation, we introduced a dual absorber layer structure by interleaving CsPbI3 with a lead-based hybrid perovskite material, denoted as MA0.5FA0.5PbI3. This investigation focused on the MA0.5FA0.5PbI3/CsPbI3 hetero-junction structure to ascertain the maximum possible efficiency. Therefore, this study proposed a PSC with the configuration of Ag/MoO3/MA0.5FA0.5PbI3/CsPbI3/IGZO/Au. In this setup, MoO3 (Molybdenum Trioxide) is used as the HTL and IGZO (Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide) as the ETL. Silver (Ag) serves as the back contact and gold (Au) is the front contact. This device demonstrated remarkable characteristics with Voc = 1.307 V, Jsc = 22.71 mA cm−2, FF = 86.58%, and η = 26.21%, showcasing a substantial improvement compared to previously reported CsPbI3-based homojunction PSCs. Furthermore, this study delved into the effects of absorber doping, absorber material thickness, bulk defect, and interfacial defects on solar cell parameters to obtain high-performance solar cells.
Comparative analysis of machine learning techniques in predicting dielectric behavior of ternary chalcogenide thin films
Authors: Mohamed R A , Atyia H E 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The current research introduces a comparative analysis of the dielectric behavior exhibited by ternary chalcogenide thin films, including both experimental data and machine learning techniques. The study of temperature and frequency dependencies of dielectric parameters is crucial for assessing material losses, particularly focusing on the low-frequency range where dielectric dispersion occurs. The experimental results on the frequency (100–1000000 Hz)and the temperature(303–393 K) influences on the dielectric (constant (

ε

1

) and loss (

ε

2

)) of

A

s

4

G

e

24

T

e

72

composition in thin film form have been discussed. Results demonstrate that ε
1 exhibits an increasing trend with temperature, attributed to heightened orientation polarization as dipoles gain mobility with elevated thermal energy. Conversely, ε
1 declines with rising frequency, reflecting diverse different polarization mechanisms. Understanding these behaviors is important for material characterization and applications in fields like electronics and solar cells. A comparative analysis of the dielectric behavior exhibited by ternary chalcogenide thin films, including both experimental data and machine learning techniques. Through the experimental approach, the dielectric properties of the films are investigated. Additionally, the study employs a range of machine learning algorithms, including Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS), Genetic Programming (GP), hybrid techniques ANFIS-GA, and ANFIS-PSO, to model and predict the dielectric behavior with remarkable accuracy. The paper presents a comparison between the performance of the proposed machine learning models, highlighting their strengths and limitations in capturing the complex dielectric phenomena observed in the ternary chalcogenide thin films. This comparative study not only provides valuable insights into the dielectric properties of these materials but also demonstrates the efficacy of machine learning in understanding and predicting their behavior, paving the way for further advancements in materials science and device development.
Prediction of crystal structures and superconductivity of actinium borides at high pressures
Authors: Qin Yanqing , Song Jiexi , Chen Xinyu , Shi Diwei , Yang Fuqiang , Cao Chongde 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
To investigate potential compounds that may emerge in actinium borides at high-pressure conditions. In this work, we carried out systematic crystal structure search procedure on the Ac-B compounds from 0 to 300 GPa conditions based on evolutionary algorithms and density functional theory (DFT). We discovered a stable phase Pm_3m-AcB6 at 0 GPa with common structure of hexaboride and three phases R_3m-AcB, Cmmm-Ac2B11, and R_3m-AcB8 at higher pressures in the Ac-B system. Our results show that AcB8 and Ac2B11 are superconducting, especially Ac2B11, which exhibits a Vickers hardness of approximately 31 GPa and a superconducting transition temperature T

c
of 14.4 K at 0 GPa. The mechanical and dynamical stability of these Ac-B phases have been verified through the application of Born criteria and phonon calculations. Furthermore, their density of states (DOS) indicates that they all exhibit metallic properties. The mechanical properties of AcB6 are comparable to those of LaB6 with the same structure, whereas AcB demonstrates the poorest mechanical performance and a low bonding tendency, manifested by its distinct tendency towards brittleness, as evident from its Pugh’s ratio. The structure of Ac2B11 resembles a middle phase evolving from the hexaboride AcB6 towards a class of pentaboride structures, characterized by the formation of a B22 cage structure resulting from further boron enrichment based on the B20 cage, or derived from the partial dimerization of the B24 cage found in hexaborides. We believe that this configuration may hold significant potential as a parent matrix for the design of interesting ultra-hard materials with relatively high superconducting transition temperatures.
Structural modifications of BiOBr nanoplates by electron beam irradiation
Authors: Kumar Sen Sapan , Hossain Md Shahadat , Alam M S , Manir M S , Dutta Supria 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this study, BiOBr nanoplates are synthesized through the hydrothermal method, then samples have been irradiated by an electron beam of 10 MeV energy to deliver doses of 100 kGy and 500 kGy. XRD and Raman investigations corroborated the presence of a pure phase in all nanoplate samples. The sharp and narrow peaks in XRD indicate well crystalline in nature of the samples, which decreases with increasing the electron dose as confirmed by the decay in peak intensity. Conversely, the peak position shifts at lower angle with increasing the electron dose. Structural factors including lattice parameter, dislocation density, cell volume, microstrain, as well as stacking fault have been found to change due to electron beam irradiation. We employed the Debey-Scherrer formula (D-S), Size Strain Plot method (SSP), and Halder Wagner (H-W) methods to determine the crystal size and strain of purified and irradiated BiOBr nanoplates. It has been found that the size of the crystallites increases nonlinearly as the irradiation dose increases. All three of the aforementioned calculation methods have observed this trend. Strain and dislocation density exhibited the opposite trend of crystallite size, as they decreased as the irradiation dose increased. The dislocation density, strain, and crystallite size values are nearly identical for the SSP and H-W procedures, while the D-S method exhibits values with deviation. The tetragonal structure and the Raman active mode, which we have identified as closely resembling those in other literature of this composition, are discussed in the respective section. Because of their intriguing phase strength, the synthesized nanoplates may be suitable for the degradation of organic pollutants and the separation of water through photo-electrocatalysis.
Exploring complex dynamics in a Stackelberg Cournot duopoly game model
Authors: Ahmed Rizwan , Khalid Asma , Karam Sadaf 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the dynamics of a Cournot duopoly game model with bounded rational players, incorporating a leader-follower mechanism where the first player acts as a leader and the second as a follower, aware of the leader’s production. We examine the existence and stability of all fixed points in the model and use center manifold and bifurcation theory to analyze the occurrence and direction of period-doubling and Neimark-Sacker bifurcations at the positive fixed point. To control bifurcation and chaos, feedback control and hybrid control methods are applied. Numerical examples are provided to confirm our theoretical results and reveal the model’s complex dynamics. Our results highlight the critical role of the leader’s strategic decisions, particularly the adjustment speed parameter v
1, in driving the system from stability to chaos, affecting both firms and leading to significant shifts in market dynamics.
CPW fed optically transparent ultrawideband fractal MIMO terahertz antenna with meshed ground plane
Authors: Singhal Sarthak 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
An optically transparent UWB antenna element and its two-element pattern diversity MIMO configurations are presented in this paper. Three iterations of the quarter elliptical coplanar waveguide ground plane, rectangular microstrip feedline, and octagonal annular rings make up the antenna element. By metal meshing the ground planes and loading the radiator with several octagonal slots, the optical transparency is improved. It has a maximal achieved gain of 6.78 dBi and operates with steady radiation characteristics over the frequency spectrum of 4.52–28.64 THz (145.48%). The dimensions of the antenna element are 18 × 20.5 μm2. A metallic stub is positioned between two identical antenna components that are positioned orthogonally to one another to create a two-element pattern diversity MIMO antenna arrangement. The MIMO antenna is 20.5 × 42.5 μm2 in total. Its impedance bandwidth is 23.72 THz for port 2 and 22.68 THz for port 1. Using a rectangular stub results in an intraport isolation of >19 dB. Between the two ports, the planes in the radiation patterns have switched places. The diversity performance characteristics, which are considerably below the permissible limitations, are as follows: ECC > 0.01, CCL < 0.3 b/s/Hz, DG ∼ 10, TARC < 0 dB, MEG ∼ −3 dB, and 1≤VSWR_MIMO≤2. Compared to previously published structures, the suggested antenna structures have the advantages of smaller dimensions, a larger bandwidth, and improved optical transparency.
Digital watermarking algorithm for QR code based on hybrid PSOGWO optimization
Authors: Han Yue , Lv Yuanjian , Wang Zhifang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
With the rapid development of digital media, QR codes have become widely used as an important medium for information transmission. However, this also presents serious security challenges, such as frequent image infringement and inevitable compression and scaling issues during data transfer. These challenges directly threaten the effectiveness and integrity of image information, and effective protection measures must be taken. Under this background, digital watermarking technology comes into being as an innovative method to enhance security. This paper presents an innovative Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization and Gray Wolf optimization (HPG) algorithm, which combines the advantages of PSO and overcomes the limitations of traditional GWO algorithm. The algorithm is further improved by using Bernoulli chaotic mapping and nonlinear convergence factor. The experiments focus on the global and local search balance of the algorithm and its ability to resist repeated scaling attacks. The results show that the nonlinear convergence factor of HPG algorithm slows down the iteration speed at the initial stage, strengthens the global search, and avoids falling into the local optimal. In the later stage, the iteration is accelerated to improve the local search speed and convergence efficiency, thus optimizing the performance of the algorithm and ensuring the safety and quality of image information. In addition, the algorithm has better performance in balancing imperceptibility and robustness of digital watermarking, and its peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is higher. Even with many scaling iterations, the normalized correlation (NC) value is still close to 1. Compared with the existing typical algorithms, HPG algorithm is more robust to repeated scaling attacks.
Structural and electrical characterization of cadmium phosphate glasses doped with different concentration of sodium chloride
Authors: Assayed Ghada A I , Shaheen Adel A , Alsoud Ammar , Al-Bashaish Saleh R , Mousa Marwan S , Knápek Alexandr , Sobola Dinara 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The electrical characteristics of cadmium phosphate glasses doped with varying concentrations of sodium chloride [Cd3(PO4)2]1-x[NaCl]x, where x = 0, 2, 4 ,6 mol.% NaCl, were investigated with respect to both dopant levels and temperature. Electrical impedance spectroscopy was employed, and impedance measurements were taken across the frequency spectrum from 102 Hz to 106 Hz. Samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The findings revealed a decrease in bulk resistance with increasing temperature and dopant concentration, indicating a rise in DC-conductivity and suggesting a semiconducting behavior in the material. Moreover, the activation energy values were noted to decrease as dopant concentration increased. Analysis of the AC-conductivity variation with frequency delineated two distinct regions: a low-frequency region where AC-conductivity increased with frequency, indicative of a "pumping force" effect aiding charge carrier movement through various conduction states, and a high-frequency region or frequency-independent zone signifying a transition towards a more ohmic behavior in the material. The study highlighted a decrease in both the dielectric constant and dielectric loss with rising temperature and frequency across all dopant concentrations. Furthermore, the Reaction Coefficient "s" was found to be less than one, suggesting that the conduction mechanism can be elucidated in terms of the Correlated Barrier Hopping (CBH) model.
Sound transmission characteristics of piezoelectric metamaterial plates with resonant shunt circuits
Authors: Wu Chang , Xu Xiaomei , Wang Yiwei , Wang Weiwei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this study, a comprehensive investigation is conducted into the sound transmission characteristics of piezoelectric metamaterial plates, which feature five distinct resonant shunt circuits. To begin with, the intrinsic equations that pertain to piezoelectric materials, along with their equivalent models under external circuit conditions are established. Subsequently, the sound transmission loss of the plate and its corresponding equivalent bending stiffness model are constructed. Five resonant shunt circuits are employed, encompassing a basic resonant shunt circuit, one with series/parallel capacitance, and another with series/parallel negative capacitance. Ultimately, the influence of these diverse shunt circuits and their respective parameters on the sound insulation capabilities of piezoelectric metamaterial plates is comprehensively calculated and analyzed. Research results show that the inductance and resistance within the resonant shunt circuit influence the sound transmission characteristics exhibited by the piezoelectric metamaterial plate. Irrespective of whether the capacitance is configured in parallel or series within the resonant shunt circuit, the low-frequency sound transmission loss of the piezoelectric metamaterial plate experiences a notable modification. The effect of negative capacitances in the resonant shunt circuit on the sound transmission loss of the plate exhibits a contrasting pattern compared to the influence of the capacitances within the resonant shunt circuit on the sound transmission loss.
Unveiling the influence of dopants on structural, defect chemistry, morphological and optical characteristics of NiO nanostructures
Authors: Kongbrailatpam Sur Sharma , Singh Kulwinder , Sharma Nandni , Sawini  , Das Pritam , Kumar Deepak , Kumar Mukul , Kumar Sanjeev , Ghotekar Suresh , Lokhande P E , Awasthi Shikha 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this paper, undoped and doped (Fe, Co and Fe-Co) nickel oxide (NiO) nanostructures have been synthesized using co-precipitation method. Prepared samples were characterized for the structural, compositional, morphological and optical properties using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrocopy (EDS), UV-visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Structural analysis confirmed the single cubic phase formation of undoped and doped samples. Defect chemistry showed that Fe-Co co-doped NiO possesses a lower density of defects than other samples. SEM results revealed the agglomeration of particles. EDS results confirmed the presence of Ni, O, Fe and Co in the respective undoped and doped samples. Optical analysis revealed the band edge shifts with the incorporation of dopants in the NiO crystal lattice confirmed the variation of band gap energy. Emission peaks were observed in the UV and visible regions. The Incorporation of dopants in the crystal lattice causes variation of emission centers. Surface oxygen vacancies and imperfections significantly impact the emission characteristics of NiO. Variable spectral response of NiO with dopant incorporation has potential for optoelectronic applications.
Bound states in the continuum in a dielectric metamaterial with symmetry breaking in two dimensions
Authors: Ding Linhui , Wang Ningning , Chen Leiming , Wang Weihua 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Bound states in the continuum (BICs), since their ultra-high quality (Q)-factor to extremely enhance light matter interactions, have attracted extensive interest very recently. As a typical category, symmetry-protected BICs are predictive and easily manipulated by using structure’s symmetry. However, most of the studies focus only on the structures with symmetry breaking in one dimension, in which one BIC will emerge and exhibit an inverse square relationship to asymmetry parameter. The structures with symmetry breaking in two dimensions remain rather unexplored. We here propose a dielectric metamaterial made of a square lattice of disks with a small hole. As moving the hole away from the center, the in-plane inversion symmetry can be broken either in one dimension or in two dimensions. As usual, a symmetry-protected BIC dominated by magnetic dipole (MD) occurs in the first case. In the second case, symmetry-protected dual BICs arise, consisting of the usual MD-dominated BIC and a new electric dipole (ED)-dominated BIC that is in cross-polarization to incident wave. The new BIC possesses an even higher Q-factor, which can also be continuously tuned via the position of the hole. Besides the structural modulation, we show the polarization angle of incident wave will act as another degree of freedom for designing symmetry breaking in two dimensions, where the similar symmetry-protected dual BICs are observed as well. Our work provides an alternative scheme for engineering multiple BICs and improving Q-factor, which may pave the way for practical device applications.
Obtaining new soliton solutions of the fractional generalized perturbed KdV equation
Authors: Bayrakci Ugur , Demiray Seyma Tuluce , Yildirim Hüseyin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this study, the fractional generalized perturbed KdV equation (gpKdV) with beta derivative is considered. The generalized exponential rational function method (GERFM) is applied to this equation for the first time in this study. Thus, dark soliton, bright soliton, singular soliton, mixed soliton, trigonometric function, rational trigonometric function, hyperbolic function and rational exponential function solutions of this fractional equation are obtained for the first time in this study. The 2D, 3D, and density plots, which effectively illustrate the behavior of these solitons, are shown for various values and specific ranges of the solutions.
Intergalactic Lyman-α haloes before reionization are detectable with JWST
Authors: Padmanabhan Hamsa , Loeb Abraham 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTheJames Webb Space Telescope (JWST)recently reported a large population of UV luminous galaxies at high redshifts,z> 10, as well as Lyman-αemitting (LAE) galaxies out toz∼ 11. We use the observed UV luminosities along with a data-driven approach at lower redshifts to place constraints on the observability of the intergalactic Lyman-αintensity, scattered in the form of Loeb-Rybicki haloes, during the pre-reionization and reionization epochs (z∼ 9-16). We forecast the sensitivity and resolution required to detect these intergalactic haloes, finding that individual haloes with LAE luminosities > 1043ergs/s are detectable at a few sigma level atz≲ 9, while stacking of ∼ 10 haloes is expected to result in detections out toz∼ 16. Finding these haloes is expected to shed light on the neutral intergalactic hydrogen during cosmic reionization.