bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mindanao Current and Undercurrent: Thermohaline Structure and Transport from Repeat Glider Observations
Authors: Schönau Martha C. , Rudnick Daniel L. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAutonomous underwater Spray gliders made repeat transects of the Mindanao Current (MC), a low-latitude western boundary current in the western tropical North Pacific Ocean, from September 2009 to October 2013. In the thermocline (<26 kg m−3), the MC has a maximum velocity core of −0.95 m s−1, weakening with distance offshore until it intersects with the intermittent Mindanao Eddy (ME) at 129.25°E. In the subthermocline (>26 kg m−3), a persistent Mindanao Undercurrent (MUC), with a velocity core of 0.2 m s−1 and mean net transport, flows poleward. Mean transport and standard deviation integrated from the coast to 130°E is −19 ± 3.1 Sv (1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1) in the thermocline and −3 ± 12 Sv in the subthermocline. Subthermocline transport has an inverse linear relationship with the Niño-3.4 index and is the primary influence of total transport variability. Interannual anomalies during El Niño are greater than the annual cycle for sea surface salinity and thermocline depth. Water masses transported by the MC/MUC are identified by subsurface salinity extrema and are on isopycnals that have increased finescale salinity variance (spice variance) from eddy stirring. The MC/MUC spice variance is smaller in the thermocline and greater in the subthermocline when compared to the North Equatorial Current and its undercurrents.
Randomised clinical trial of early specialist palliative care plus standard care versus standard care alone in patients with advanced cancer: The Danish Palliative Care Trial
Authors: Groenvold Mogens , Petersen Morten Aagaard , Damkier Anette , Neergaard Mette Asbjoern , Nielsen Jan Bjoern , Pedersen Lise , Sjøgren Per , Strömgren Annette Sand , Vejlgaard Tove Bahn , Gluud Christian , Lindschou Jane , Fayers Peter , Higginson Irene J , Johnsen Anna Thit 
Published: May 2017

Background: Beneficial effects of early palliative care have been found in advanced cancer, but the evidence is not unequivocal. Aim: To investigate the effect of early specialist palliative care among advanced cancer patients identified in oncology departments. Setting/participants: The Danish Palliative Care Trial (DanPaCT) (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01348048) is a multicentre randomised clinical trial comparing early referral to a specialist palliative care team plus standard care versus standard care alone. The planned sample size was 300. At five oncology departments, consecutive patients with advanced cancer were screened for palliative needs. Patients with scores exceeding a predefined threshold for problems with physical, emotional or role function, or nausea/vomiting, pain, dyspnoea or lack of appetite according to the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) were eligible. The primary outcome was the change in each patient’s primary need (the most severe of the seven QLQ-C30 scales) at 3- and 8-week follow-up (0–100 scale). Five sensitivity analyses were conducted. Secondary outcomes were change in the seven QLQ-C30 scales and survival. Results: Totally 145 patients were randomised to early specialist palliative care versus 152 to standard care. Early specialist palliative care showed no effect on the primary outcome of change in primary need (−4.9 points (95% confidence interval −11.3 to +1.5 points); p = 0.14). The sensitivity analyses showed similar results. Analyses of the secondary outcomes, including survival, also showed no differences, maybe with the exception of nausea/vomiting where early specialist palliative care might have had a beneficial effect. Conclusion: We did not observe beneficial or harmful effects of early specialist palliative care, but important beneficial effects cannot be excluded.
User experience analysis of e-TB Manager, a nationwide electronic tuberculosis recording and reporting system in Ukraine
Authors: Konduri Niranjan , Sawyer Kelly , Nizova Nataliya 
Published: May 2017

Ukraine has successfully implemented e-TB Manager nationwide as its mandatory national tuberculosis registry after first introducing it in 2009. Our objective was to perform an end-of-programme evaluation after formal handover of the registry administration to Ukraine's Centre for Disease Control in 2015.We conducted a nationwide, cross-sectional, anonymous, 18-point user experience survey, and stratified the registry's transaction statistics to demonstrate usability.Contrary to initial implementation experience, older users (aged >50 years), often with limited or no computer proficiency prior to using the registry, had significantly better user experience scores for at least six of the 12 measures compared to younger users (aged 18–29 years). Using the registry for >3 years was associated with significantly higher scores for having capacity, adequacy of training received and satisfaction with the registry. Of the 5.9 million transactions over a 4-year period, nine out of 24 oblasts (regions) and Kiev city accounted for 62.5% of all transactions, and corresponded to 59% of Ukraine's tuberculosis burden. There were 437 unique active users in 486 rayons (districts) of Ukraine, demonstrating extensive reach.Our key findings complement the World Health Organization and European Respiratory Society's agenda for action on digital health to help implement the End TB Strategy.
Staying in the cities or returning home? An analysis of the rural-urban migration behavior in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Loc Duc , Grote Ulrike , Sharma Rasadhika 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis paper investigates the migration behavior of rural-urban migrants within Vietnam. It focuses on the length and intensity of migration and its respective determinants. The analysis uses panel data of 2200 rural households and data from a migrant tracking survey of 299 migrants from Vietnam. The findings show that migrants coming from rural households that faced a higher number of idiosyncratic shocks increase their stays in the cities, while those from households that experienced covariate shocks such as floods, droughts, or economic shocks shorten the lengths of their stays in the cities. An increased length of migration is also observed among migrants and households with higher human capital. Furthermore, a decreased income gap between rural and urban provinces due to the higher economic growth in the cities increases the duration of migration. With respect to the migration intensity, migrants intend to return sooner when they face shocks in the cities and the living conditions at their original places improve.JEL Classification:D13, J28, J61, O15, O18, Z13
Creativity of images: using digital consensual assessment to evaluate mood boards
Authors: Freeman Charles , Marcketti Sara , Karpova Elena 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMood boards are used frequently in design and product development as well as in academic courses related to fashion design. However objectively evaluating the creativity of fashion design mood boards is often difficult. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation is to examine reliability of a digital consensual assessment instrument measuring creativity, using expert (from related domains) and non-expert raters (students). Creativity measures were compared with the mood board themes to further investigate any relationships between mood board types and the consensual assessment. Independent samplesttest comparing group means indicated expert raters evaluated the mood boards significantly higher in creativity than the non-experts,t(99) = −6.71,p < .001, (95% CI −.57, −.29), while Pearson correlation results indicate a significant relationship between the two groups of raters,r(50) = .33,p < .01. ANOVA results for all raters indicated a significant difference between the five subject matter categories;F(4, 95) = 4.64,p < .005. Overall, expert and non-expert raters reported significant reliability, which further supports prior research using consensual assessment for creativity measures across domains.
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome–related lymphopenia is associated with adenosine A1 receptor dysfunction
Authors: Riff Reut , Cohen Yair , Eini-Rider Hadar , Naamani Oshri , Mazar Julia , Haviv Yosef S , Chaimovitz Cidio , Douvdevani Amos 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
SIRS is associated with lymphopenia, and prolonged lymphopenia of septic patients has been associated with increased mortality risk. We hypothesize that elevated adenosine during SIRS down-regulates Gi-coupled A1R, which signals an effect that sensitizes a cAMP-dependent lymphotoxic response. In this study, we evaluate the role of adenosine in SIRS-mediated lymphopenia and impaired IL-15 production. Cecal ligation and puncture was used to induce sepsis-associated SIRS in mice. BMDCs were cultured and used to measure the effect of adenosine on IL-15. We found that A1R mRNA levels were significantly down-regulated and A1R-dependent Gi activity was abolished in T cells of septic mice. In accordance, cAMP was elevated in isolated T cells from cecal ligation and puncture compared with sham-treated mice. Similar to septic mice, leukopenia was evident in sham A1R-KO mice, after treatment with the A1R antagonist (8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine), or after A1R desensitization. In contrast, A2AR-KO mice were protected from leukopenia. In addition, we observed that septic A1R-KO mice exhibited low IL-15 levels. Cultured BMDC agonists of A2AR and A2BR inhibited IL-15 production and adenosine blocked IL-15–dependent proliferation of cytotoxic T cells that were cocultured with stimulated BMDCs. To conclude, we suggest that SIRS-associated lymphopenia is initiated by A1R desensitization and adenosine-mediated inhibition of IL-15 production is part of the mechanism that accounts for the delay in leukopenia recovery in patients with severe sepsis. Interference with adenosine signaling may thus be potentially beneficial for septic patients with leukopenia.
A Structured Transfer of Care Process Reduces Perioperative Complications in Cardiac Surgery Patients
Authors: Hall Michael , Robertson Jamie , Merkel Matthias , Aziz Michael , Hutchens Michael 
Published: May 2017

INTRODUCTION:
Serious complications are common during the intensive care of postoperative cardiac surgery patients. Some of these complications may be influenced by communication during the process of handover of care from the operating room to the intensive care unit (ICU) team. A structured transfer of care process may reduce the rate of communication errors and perioperative complications.

METHODS:
We hypothesized that a collaborative, comprehensive, structured handover of care from the intraoperative team to the ICU team would reduce a specific set of postoperative complications. We tested this hypothesis by developing and introducing a comprehensive multidisciplinary transfer of care process. We measured patient outcomes before and after the intervention using a linkage between 2 care databases: an Anesthesia Information Management System and a critical care complication registry database.

RESULTS:
There were 1127 total postoperative cardiac surgery admissions during the study period, 550 before and 577 after the intervention. There was no statistical difference between overall complications before and after the intervention (P = .154). However, there was a statistically significant reduction in preventable complications after the intervention (P = .023).

DISCUSSION:
The main finding of this investigation is that the introduction of a collaborative, comprehensive transfer of care process from the operating room to the ICU was associated with patients suffering fewer preventable complications.
Stroke Volume Variation and Pulse Pressure Variation Are Not Useful for Predicting Fluid Responsiveness in Thoracic Surgery
Authors: Jeong Dae Myoung , Ahn Hyun Joo , Park Hyo Won , Yang Mikyung , Kim Jie Ae , Park Joohyun 
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUND:
Stroke volume variation (SVV) and pulse pressure variation (PPV) are used as indicators of fluid responsiveness, but little is known about the usefulness of these dynamic preload indicators in thoracic surgery, which involves an open thoracic cavity and 1-lung ventilation (OLV). Therefore, we investigated whether SVV and PPV could predict fluid responsiveness, and whether the thresholds of these parameters should be adjusted for thoracic surgery.

METHODS:
This was a prospective, controlled study conducted in a tertiary care center. Eighty patients scheduled for an elective lobectomy requiring OLV were included (n = 40, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS); n = 40, open thoracotomy). Twenty minutes after opening the thoracic cavity, 7 mL/kg hydroxyethyl starch was administered for 30 minutes. Various hemodynamic parameters were measured before and after fluid challenge.

RESULTS:
Among the 80 patients enrolled in this study, 37% were fluid responders (increase in stroke volume index ≥10%). SVV before fluid challenge was not different between nonresponders and responders (mean ± SD: 7.1 ± 2.7% vs 7.4 ± 2.6%, P = .68). This finding was true regardless of whether the surgery involved open thoracotomy or VATS. PPV before fluid challenge showed the difference between nonresponders and responders (mean ± SD: 6.9 ± 3.0% vs 8.4 ± 3.2%; P = .045); however, the sensitivity and specificity of the threshold value (PPV = 7%) were low (58% and 62%, respectively) and the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve was only 0.63 (95% confidence interval, 0.52–0.74; P = .041).

CONCLUSIONS:
Dynamic preload indicators are not useful for predicting fluid responsiveness in VATS or open thoracic surgery.
Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Decreases Oxidative Lung Damage After Pulmonary Lobectomy: A Single-Center Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial
Authors: García-de-la-Asunción José , Bruno Laura , Perez-Griera Jaume , Galan Genaro , Morcillo Alfonso , Wins Richard , García-del-Olmo Eva , Guijarro Ricardo , Sarriá Benjamín , Martí Francisco , Soro Marina , Belda Francisco Javier 
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUND:
During lobectomy in patients with lung cancer, the operated lung is often collapsed and hypoperfused. Ischemia/reperfusion injury may then occur when the lung is re-expanded. We hypothesized that remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) would decrease oxidative lung damage and improve gas exchange in the postoperative period.

METHODS:
We conducted a single-center, randomized, double-blind trial in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer undergoing elective lung lobectomy. Fifty-three patients were randomized to receive limb RIPC immediately after anesthesia induction (3 cycles: 5 minutes ischemia/5 minutes reperfusion induced by an ischemia cuff applied on the thigh) and/or control therapy without RIPC. Oxidative stress markers were measured in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and arterial blood immediately after anesthesia induction and before RIPC and surgery (T0, baseline); during operated lung collapse, immediately before resuming two-lung ventilation (TLV) (T1); immediately after resuming TLV (T2); and 120 minutes after resuming TLV (T3). The primary outcome was 8-isoprostane levels in EBC at T1, T2, and T3. Secondary outcomes included the following: NO2
−+NO3
−, H2O2 levels, and pH in EBC and in blood (8-isoprostane, NO2
−+NO3
−) and pulmonary gas exchange variables (PaO2/FiO2, A-aDO2, a/A ratio, and respiratory index).

RESULTS:
Patients subjected to RIPC had lower EBC 8-isoprostane levels when compared with controls at T1, T2, and T3 (differences between means and 95% confidence intervals): −15.3 (5.8–24.8), P = .002; −20.0 (5.5–34.5), P = .008; and −10.4 (2.5–18.3), P = .011, respectively. In the RIPC group, EBC NO2
−+NO3
− and H2O2 levels were also lower than in controls at T2 and T1–T3, respectively (all P < .05). Blood levels of 8-isoprostane and NO2
−+NO3
− were lower in the RIPC group at T2 (P < .05). The RIPC group had better PaO2/FiO2 compared with controls at 2 hours, 8 hours, and 24 hours after lobectomy in 95% confidence intervals for differences between means: 78 (10–146), 66 (14–118), and 58 (12–104), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
Limb RIPC decreased EBC 8-isoprostane levels and other oxidative lung injury markers during lung lobectomy. RIPC also improved postoperative gas exchange as measured by PaO2/FiO2 ratio.
A survey of working conditions within biomedical research in the United Kingdom
Authors: Riddiford Nick 
Published: May 2017

Background: Many recent articles have presented a bleak view of career prospects in biomedical research in the US. Too many PhDs and postdocs are trained for too few research positions, creating a “holding-tank” of experienced senior postdocs who are unable to get a permanent position. Coupled with relatively low salaries and high levels of pressure to publish in top-tier academic journals, this has created a toxic environment that is perhaps responsible for a recently observed decline in biomedical postdocs in the US, the so-called “postdocalypse”. Methods: In order to address the gulf of information relating to working habits and attitudes of UK-based biomedical researchers, a link to an online survey was included in an article published in the Guardian newspaper. Survey data were collected between 21 st March 2016 and 6 th November 2016 and analysed to examine discrete profiles for three major career stages: the PhD, the postdoc and the principal investigator. Results: Overall, the data presented here echo trends observed in the US: The 520 UK-based biomedical researchers responding to the survey reported feeling disillusioned with academic research, due to the low chance of getting a permanent position and the long hours required at the bench. Also like the US, large numbers of researchers at each distinct career stage are considering leaving biomedical research altogether. Conclusions: There are several systemic flaws in the academic scientific research machine – for example the continual overproduction of PhDs and the lack of stability in the early-mid stages of a research career - that are slowly being addressed in countries such as the US and Germany. These data suggest that similar flaws also exist in the UK, with a large proportion of respondents concerned about their future in research. To avoid lasting damage to the biomedical research agenda in the UK, addressing such concerns should be a major priority.
What can dyslexic paramedic students teach us about mentoring? A case study
Authors: Lavender Rachael JB 
Published: May 2017

The context or background for the study:This paper was written following a critical analysis and structured reflection on mentoring and teaching a dyslexic paramedic student including approaching from personal experience as well as identifying a gap in research. The purpose of this study was to discover what paramedic mentors can do to improve their interactions with dyslexic stu-dents.Basic procedures:Following the experience of teaching one student, to work on this definition of dyslexia: “difficulties in processing, particularly literacy and the acquisition of reading, writing and spelling’.”; Using an analytical method – qualitative and reflective.Main findings:Inclusive learning helps to fight stigma while improving education for all whether they dis-close dyslexia or not. There are many steps that can be taken by mentors to support stu-dents, including allowing time to think/to practise and support with organising.Conclusions:Inclusive learning benefits all students, not just students with dyslexia. Students do not legally have to disclose a dyslexia diagnosis, so, introducing inclusive learning for all students using accessible and practical learning could benefit more students.
Sports activities after total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Krismer Martin 
Published: May 2017

Performing sports after total hip arthroplasty (THA) may be associated with a risk of Trauma (fracture and dislocation) Shorter implant survival There is no proof that trauma occurs more often than in healthy individuals, but sequelae may be more severe. Shorter implant survival due to repetitive high contact forces is a fact, due to increased wear. The 15 year survival in highly active patients seems to be around 80%. Surgeons can address the needs of active patients by using bearings with low wear rates, and femoral heads up to 36 mm in diameter. The data provided in this review may help to fully inform active patients of the risks. The patient has to balance the pros and cons of sports after THA and to decide the best way for themselves. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160059. Originally published online at www.efortopenreviews.org
Tips and tricks for using the internet for professional purposes
Authors: Ceylan Hasan Huseyin , Güngören Nurdan , Küçükdurmaz Fatih 
Published: May 2017

Online resources provide access to large amounts of information which is expanding every day. Using search engines for reaching the relevant, updated and complete literature that is indexed in various bibliographical databases has already become part of the medical professionals’ everyday life. However, most researchers often fail to conduct a efficient literature search on the internet. The right techniques in literature search save time and improve the quality of the retrieved data. Efficient literature search is not a talent but a learnable skill, which should be a formal part of medical education. This review briefly outlines the commonly used bibliographic databases, namely Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, CINAHL and Google Scholar. Also the definition of grey literature and its features are summarised. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160066. Originally published online at www.efortopenreviews.org
Adorned in dreams
Authors: Skjold Else 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
In this article, I investigate the wardrobe as a possible explanatory framework and methodology for studying and analysing the relationship between people and what they wear. Since I have previously elaborated on the human–object–time relationship in my concept of the biographical wardrobe (Skjold 2016), here I wish to elaborate on the human–object–space relationship. This implicates decoding and analysing the kinds of stylistic references people make use of when they build up their personal collection of garments and accessories in their wardrobes over a lifetime, and what these references carry with them in the form of institutionalized rituals, institutions, values and practices that the individual co-creates and reproduces. Based on this, I end up concluding how the discourse of fashion – as a set of values, practices and driving institutionalized rituals – cannot explain fully what goes on when people dress. Instead, I point to some coexisting discourses that I found to be represented in the wardrobes of my informants as carriers of alternative or even contradictory values and practices.
At work with Pina Pausch: An interview with Dominique Mercy
Authors: Aigner Franziska , Turkenich Uri 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Dominique Mercy first met Pina Bausch in the United States at a summer academy organized by the choreographer Paul Sanasardo. Telling of his experience of the New York dance scene in the beginning of the 70s, and how he perceived it as differing from both living as well as dancing in Europe, he moves on to provide a detailed account of the development of Pina Bausch’s questioning method.