bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct-To-Consumer DNA testing of 6,000 dogs reveals 98.6-kb duplication causing blue eyes and heterochromia in Siberian Huskies
Authors: Deane-Coe P. E. , Chu E. T. , Boyko A. R. , Sams A. J. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryConsumer genomics enables genetic discovery on an unprecedented scale by linking very large databases of personal genomic data with phenotype information voluntarily submitted via web-based surveys1. These databases are having a transformative effect on human genomic research, yielding insights on increasingly complex traits, behaviors, and disease by including many thousands of individuals in genome-wide association studies (GWAS)2, 3. The promise of consumer genomic data is not limited to human research, however. Genomic tools for dogs are readily available, with hundreds of causal Mendelian variants already characterized4–6, because selection and breeding have led to dramatic phenotypic diversity underlain by a simple genetic structure7, 8. Here, we report the results of the first consumer genomics study ever conducted in a non-human model: a GWAS of blue eyes based on more than 3,000 customer dogs with a validation panel of nearly 3,000 more, the largest canine GWAS to date. We discovered a novel association with blue eyes on chromosome 18 (P= 1x10-65) and used both sequence coverage and microarray probe intensity data to identify the putative causal variant: a 98.6-kb duplication directly upstream of the hox geneALX4, which plays an important role in mammalian eye development9, 10. This duplication was largely restricted to Siberian Huskies and is highly, but not completely, penetrant. These results underscore the power of consumer-data-driven discovery in nonhuman species, especially dogs, where there is intense owner interest in the personal genomic information of their pets, a high level of engagement with web-based surveys, and an underlying genetic architecture ideal for mapping studies.
Establishment of locally adapted mutations under divergent selection
Authors: Tomasini Matteo , Peischl Stephan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe study the establishment probabilities of locally adapted mutations using a multitype branching process framework. We find a surprisingly simple and intuitive analytical approximation for the establishment probabilities in a symmetric two-deme model under the assumption of weak (positive) selection. This is the first analytical closed-form approximation for arbitrary migration rate to appear in the literature. We find that the establishment probability lies between the weak and the strong migration limits if we condition the origin of the mutation to the deme where it is advantageous. This is not the case when we condition the mutation to first occur in a deme where it is disadvantageous. In this case we find that an intermediate migration rate maximizes the probability of establishment. We extend our results to the cases of multiple demes, two demes with asymmetric rates of gene flow, and asymmetric carrying capacities. The latter case allows us to illustrate how density regulation can affect establishment probabilities. Finally we use our results to investigate the role of gene flow on the rate of local adaptation and identify cases in which intermediate amounts of gene flow facilitate the rate of local adaptation as compared to two populations without gene flow.
Viromic analysis of wastewater input to a river catchment reveals a diverse assemblage of RNA viruses
Authors: Adriaenssens Evelien M. , Farkas Kata , Harrison Christian , Jones David L. , Allison Heather E. , McCarthy Alan J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDetection of viruses in the environment is heavily dependent on PCR-based approaches that require reference sequences for primer design. While this strategy can accurately detect known viruses, it will not find novel genotypes, nor emerging and invasive viral species. In this study, we investigated the use of viromics, i.e. high-throughput sequencing of the biosphere viral fraction, to detect human/animal pathogenic RNA viruses in the Conwy river catchment area in Wales, UK. Using a combination of filtering and nuclease treatment, we extracted the viral fraction from wastewater, estuarine river water and sediment, followed by RNASeq analysis on the Illumina HiSeq platform for the discovery of RNA virus genomes. We found a higher richness of RNA viruses in wastewater samples than in river water and sediment, and assembled a complete norovirus GI.2 genome from wastewater effluent, which was not contemporaneously detected by conventional qRT-PCR. To our knowledge, this is the first environmentally-derived norovirus genome sequence to be available from a public database. The simultaneous presence of diverse rotavirus signatures in wastewater indicated the potential for zoonotic infections in the area and suggested run-off from pig farms as a possible origin of these viruses. Our results show that viromics can be an important tool in the discovery of pathogenic viruses in the environment and can be used to inform and optimize reference-based detection methods provided appropriate and rigorous controls are included.ImportanceEnteric viruses cause gastro-intestinal illness and are commonly transmitted through the faecal-oral route. When wastewater is released into river systems, these viruses can contaminate the environment. Our results show that we can use viromics to find the range of potentially pathogenic viruses that are present in the environment and identify prevalent genotypes. The ultimate goal is to trace the fate of these pathogenic viruses from origin to the point where they are a threat to human health, informing reference-based detection methods and water quality management.
Sex chromosome trisomies are not associated with atypical lateralisation for language
Authors: Wilson Alexander C. , Bishop Dorothy V. M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAimIndividuals with a sex chromosome trisomy (SCT) have disproportionate problems with language compared to nonverbal skills. This may result from disruption to the typical left hemisphere bias for language processing. We tested the hypothesis that SCTs would be associated with reduced left lateralisation for language.MethodIn a cross-sectional design, language laterality was measured during an animation description task using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (fTCD). Data were available for 75 children with an SCT (26 47,XXX girls, 25 47,XXY boys, and 24 47,XYY boys; mean age was 11;4 years, SD = 3;10 years), and 132 comparison children with typical karyotypes (69 boys; mean age was 9;1 years, SD = 1;7 years).ResultsLateralisation for language did not differ between the SCT and comparison groups, either in mean laterality index or relative frequency of each laterality category (left, bilateral and right). There were no differences when splitting the SCT group by trisomy. Handedness also showed no group effects.InterpretationOur data provide no evidence for disrupted lateralisation for language in SCTs. The brain basis of the cognitive phenotype in SCTs is unlikely to be a failure of the left hemisphere to specialise for language, as previously suggested.What this paper addsChildren with a sex chromosome trisomy (SCT) have typically lateralised language.This disconfirms theories linking language problems to hemispheric specialization in SCTs
Dissociable medial temporal pathways for encoding emotional item and context information
Authors: Ritchey Maureen , Wang Shao-Fang , Yonelinas Andrew P. , Ranganath Charan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractEmotional experiences are typically remembered with a greater sense of recollection than neutral experiences, but memory benefits for emotional items do not typically extend to their source contexts. Item and source memory have been attributed to different subregions of the medial temporal lobes (MTL), but it is unclear how emotional item recollection fits into existing models of MTL function and, in particular, what is the role of the hippocampus. To address these issues, we used high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine MTL contributions to successful emotional item and context encoding. The results showed that emotional items were recollected more often than neutral items. Whereas amygdala and perirhinal cortex (PRC) activity supported the recollection advantage for emotional items, hippocampal and parahippocampal cortex activity predicted subsequent source memory for both types of items, reflecting a double dissociation between anterior and posterior MTL regions. In addition, amygdala activity during encoding modulated the relationships of PRC activity and hippocampal activity to subsequent item recollection and source memory, respectively. Specifically, whereas PRC activity best predicted subsequent item recollection when amygdala activity was relatively low, hippocampal activity best predicted source memory when amygdala activity was relatively high. We interpret these findings in terms of complementary compared to synergistic amygdala-MTL interactions. The results suggest that emotion-related enhancements in item recollection are supported by an amygdala-PRC pathway, which is separable from the hippocampal pathway that binds items to their source context.
Sampling Neuron Morphologies
Authors: Farhoodi Roozbeh , Kording Konrad Paul 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe intricate morphology of neurons has fascinated since the dawn of neuroscience, and yet, it is hard to synthesize them. Current algorithms typically define a growth process with parameters that allow matching aspects of the morphologies. However, such algorithmic growth processes are far simpler than the biological ones. What is needed is an algorithm that, given a database of morphologies, produces more of those. Here, we introduce a generator for neuron morphologies that is based on a statistical sampling process. Our Reversible Jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) method starts with a trivial neuron and iteratively perturbs the morphology bringing the features close to those of the database. By quantifying the statistics of the generated neurons, we find that it outperforms growth-based models for many features. Good generative models for neuron morphologies promise to be important both for neural simulations and for morphology reconstructions from imaging data.
The role of physical metaphors for decision-making in integrated corporate communication
Authors: Siano Alfonso , Vollero Agostino , Della Volpe Maddalena , Confetto Maria Giovanna , Foroudi Pantea , Palazzo Maria 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The role of metaphors in information management has generally been acknowledged owing to their ability to convey immediately huge amounts of information and richness. Their role is more and more important in the current digital context of communication and marketing activities, as the decision speed and accuracy are crucial. The purpose of this study is, thus, to analyze physical metaphors as tools for making sequential decisions to achieve effective integrated corporate communication (ICC).

Design/methodology/approach
The paper draws on the critical analysis of literature on corporate communication and stakeholder management as building blocks for implementing an integrated approach to corporate communications.

Findings
A revision of two well-known physical metaphors in the communication literature (the “wheel” and “umbrella”) has been proposed. It is argued that integrated communication within corporate communications is more complex than in marketing communications, as it involves a greater variety of elements to coordinate and harmonize. The proposed physical metaphors suggest an effective sequential decision-making as they allow a clear distinction between different decision levels.

Research limitations/implications
The paper adds to the debate on the link between theory and practice of ICC. From a practical standpoint, the proposed metaphors as simple and concrete tools for handling complex information and ICC problems could aid novice practitioners and students of corporate communications courses.

Originality/value
The paper shows that while scholars have concurred that ICC is crucial for different type of organizations, the use of physical metaphors can be beneficial for the reality-based challenge of ICC.
The objectives of corporate insolvency law: lessons for Uganda
Authors: Nyombi Chrispas 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to provide guidance to law reformers in Uganda on the best approach to insolvency law reform and the objectives that should be furthered.Design/methodology/approachThis paper provides a literature review.FindingsA balance of various objectives serves the purpose of a modern insolvency law system.Originality/valueThese findings would enable future reforms in Uganda to be streamlined towards a particular objective rather than a general approach to insolvency regulation.
Analysis of entrepreneurship perception and business developmental strategy of silk in Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Kadir Nuraeni 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the entrepreneurship perception and business developmental strategy of silk business in Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia.

Design/methodology/approach
The study subject was the silk industry located in Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The study population was 544 silk weavers running the business of silk weaving. The study sample consisted of 235 respondents. To prove the hypothesis stated by the author, the canvas business model analysis method was used to identify entrepreneurship perception, and SWOT (strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis was conducted to understand the potential of the strategy of weaving business development in Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia.

Findings
Business model canvas (BMC) is a complex business model that becomes simple through a canvas approach, drawing a sheet of the canvas containing a map of nine elements (box), allowing businessmen to identify the business potential. The nine elements of the canvas that should be understood and considered for running a business are customer segment, value proportion, channel, customer relationship, revenue steam, key resource, key activities, key partnership and cost structure. To improve farmers’ entrepreneurship perception, it would be nice for the weavers who run the silk business should constantly consider the nine elements of BMCso that in running their businesses, they can understand different considerations and create a progressive and developing silk industry.

Originality/value
This research is about merger two concept of business development in entrepreneurship to increase revenues, with the location of study as originality (no previous research for this relationship): Auditor in Wajo regency South Sulawesi Province in Indonesia. Based on the background stated above, this study aims to analyze entrepreneurship perception and silk industry developmental strategy in Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia.
The role of cooperative development strategy to improving the success of village cooperative (KUD) in Riau Indonesia
Authors: Hendriani Susi 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purposes of this research are to investigate the relationship between strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) and development strategy and the relationship between development strategy and the success of Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD).

Design/methodology/approach
The sample population in this research is a village cooperative (KUD) that is located in the Indragiri Hulu Regency region. Withdrawal of the sample that is selected in this research is conducted by using the random sample method that is graded proportionately. This is done because this research has a homogeneous objective (Nazir, 1983, p. 346) and the sample retrieved is as much as 31 village cooperatives (KUD). The analysis method that is used to answer the research hypothesis is path analysis, which consists of two regression equations, namely, the influence of the variables of strength (X1), weakness (X2), opportunity (X3) and threat (X4) on the development strategy (Y1) variable and the influence of the development strategy (Y1) variable on the success of village cooperative (KUD) (Y2) variable by the hypothesis that is presented in a conceptual diagram.

Findings
The SWOT variable has a significance influence on the development strategy variable in the cooperative in Indragiri Hulu Regency, Riau Province, either partially or simultaneously. And among the variables, the development strategy variable has a significant influence on the success of village cooperative (KUD) in Indragiri Hulu Regency, Riau Province. Also, it was found that the SWOT variable has an indirect influence on the success of village cooperative (KUD) in Indragiri Hulu Regency, Riau Province.

Originality/value
To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to test the relation between SWOT and the development strategy and the performance of village cooperatives in Indragiri Hulu Regency, Indonesia.
Association between older adults’ functional performance and their scores on the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
Authors: Yu Sze Tim Sonia , Yu Mong-lin , Brown Ted , Andrews Hanna 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The paper aims to investigate if the performance of older adults on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were associated or predictive of their functional performance in a geriatric evaluation and management (GEM) inpatient hospital setting. This will inform the occupational therapy assessment and management of older adults admitted to sub-acute GEM settings.

Design/methodology/approach
In all, 20 participants (11 men, 9 women, mean age 82 years, SD = 6.93) were recruited from a GEM ward in an Australian hospital. Participants’ cognitive abilities were assessed using the MMSE and MoCA, and their functional performance were assessed using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Spearman’s rho correlations and linear regression analyses were completed. Bootstrapping was applied to the regression analyses to accommodate the small study sample size.

Findings
No statistically significant correlations were obtained between the total and subscale scores of the MMSE and FIM or between the total and subscale scores of the MoCA and FIM. In other words, the cognitive and functional abilities of older adults admitted to a GEM setting were not significantly associated in this study.

Originality/value
The findings suggest that the MoCA and the MMSE were not predictive of participants’ functional performance as measure by the FIM in a sub-acute GEM setting. Occupational therapists should be cautious when interpreting participants’ MMSE, MoCA and FIM results and not depend solely on these results in the goal setting and intervention planning processes for clients on GEM wards. Further studies are recommended to confirm these findings.
Bank financing and innovative development of Russian circumpolar area
Authors: Pogodaeva Taisya , Baburina Natalia , Dmitrieva Anna 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of bank financing on innovative development of Russian circumpolar area and identifying the barriers to its development.

Design/methodology/approach
Using the abstract-logical method and a set of methods of economic, statistical and econometric analysis (panel data analysis) the authors examine the role of financial intermediaries in innovative development of Russia and Russian arctic regions.

Findings
The key financial intermediaries in the Russian economy have historically been the banks, which are, at the same time, as it follows from the analysis above, inertly participating in the innovative development financing in the Russian circumpolar regions. Assessment of the potential intensification of the role of banks in the innovative ecosystems has shown that, despite the development of institutional conditions of banks’ resource base compounding and the development of funding, high risks of innovation, multiplying in a volatile external environment, prevent the inflow of bank capital into the innovation sector.

Research limitations/implications
Main limitation is the inability of panel data to capture long-term impacts of bank financing on innovative development of Russian circumpolar area.

Practical implications
The results suggest that the intensification of the banks’ participation in financing innovation and overcoming the existing challenges will enable to stimulate the process of innovation development of the circumpolar zone in Russia.

Originality/value
There is no study evaluating the impact of bank financing on innovative development of Russian arctic regions.
Factor accumulation and economic growth in Pakistan: incorporating human capital
Authors: Munir Kashif , Arshad Shahzad 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the long-run and short-run relationship between factor accumulation (i.e. physical capital and human capital) and economic growth by calculating the stocks of human capital and real physical capital.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses endogenous growth model, where GDP per worker is the dependent variable and factor accumulation (real physical capital per worker and human capital) is the explanatory variable under the autoregressive distributive lag framework from 1973 to 2014 for Pakistan.FindingsThe results suggest that there is a long-run relationship between factor accumulation and GDP per worker in Pakistan. Findings of the study are consistent with the endogenous growth model suggesting that accumulation of human capital increases labor productivity, employment level and per capita income, and causes economic growth.Practical implicationsDeveloping countries like Pakistan should increase share of human capital for economic development. Government should invest in the education sector because investment in human capital has a large potential of productivity growth and welfare increase in developing countries.Originality/valueThis study challenges the notion of human capital and real physical capital stock used by different researchers. Considering human capital as a core factor of production, a series of human capital as average year of schooling is calculated by utilizing the perpetual inventory method.
Systematic curriculum integration of sustainable development using life cycle approaches
Authors: Roure Bastien , Anand Chirjiv , Bisaillon Véronique , Amor Ben 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a consistent and systematic integration framework of sustainable development (SD) in a civil engineering (CE) curriculum, given the connection between the two. Curriculum integration is a challenging project and requires the development of certain protocols to ensure success.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper thus proposes a framework for the systematic integration of SD through the lenses of life cycle approach and associated tools to attain effective curriculum integration. The proposed framework suggests the following five steps: mapping the curriculum, setting learning targets, developing an action plan for the assessed program, implementing the action plan and assessing the final performance.

Findings
This framework was applied to the CE curriculum at Sherbrooke University. To assess its success, a student satisfaction survey was conducted, and teachers’ feedback was obtained; the results showed 85 per cent positive responses. The authors show how this study allowed the CE curriculum to be properly updated and brought in line with today’s engineering profession requirements with regard to SD.

Originality/value
The integration focuses on the application of life cycle approaches and tools such as environmental life cycle assessment and life cycle costing on CE content. Additionally, the presented approach can be easily adapted to other engineering curriculums and, to a certain extent, to other non-engineering curriculums.