bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disruption of Anatomy Dissection Practical in COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges, Problems and Solutions
Authors: Gupta Nidhi , Pandey Suniti 
Published: September 2024

We are undergoing crisis for humanity with corona virus disease (COVID-19) causing extensive damage to life and its aspects. Moreover we do not know how this will unfold in near future. All the academic classes are suspended during nationwide lockdown to alleviate the propagation. It is high time to rethink ways to deliver quality medical education under restriction of social isolation and absenteeism in real time teachings and discussions. We propose, based upon our experiences, replacement of didactic gross anatomy dissection with handmade dissection videos and its implications. It has its own challenges which could be overcome with planned directives based upon current experience.
What is the magnitude of the problem?In this gloomy environment of forced absenteeism, reluctance in study plans and procrastination requirescounseling for emphasizing the importance of tight declining schedule and benefits of timely curriculumfor covering huge syllabus. Traditional methods of face-to-face educational didactics, lectures and chalk talks has been compromised like no other time in past. Use of education technology at a mass scale for economically deprived countries, limited availability of techno friendly medical educators and adaptation of student to newer teaching techniques was already restrained in pre-pandemic time. Also, the alignment of new teaching format with amount of content and duration of topic coverage, necessary and safe enough to train for effective practice of problem-based learning warrants reorganizing available resources. From studentâ€™s perspective,accommodation and fooding concerns in lockdown, poor internet access with intermittent disconnection,lack of high-end laptops and absenteeism are major concerns, which precluded us from live streaming ofgross anatomy dissection. Also, it is to be ensured that changes in teaching style have positive impacton amount and depth of concerned knowledge.
Virtual Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic: Pros and Cons
Authors: Surkhali Bipana , Garbuja Chandra Kumari 
Published: September 2024

The current outbreak of corona virus disease (COVID-19), declared as public health emergency of national and international concern by World Health Organization (WHO), led to unprecedented public health responses in Nepal and many countries around the world including travel restriction, closure of educational institutions, curfews in some places and quarantines. This pandemic has affected lives of millions in different ways in different geographic locations worldwide. Beyond the immediate threat to health, unemployment, insecurity, etc., education is one of the sensitive areas which has been affected tremendously, students in Nepal not being an exception.
The closure of all educational institutions effective from 18th March, 2020 followed by the nationwide lockdown from 24th March, 2020 till date enforced by Government of Nepal (GoN) as an effort to limit the spread of COVID-19 has shed a light on numerous issues affecting the access to education. As per the United NationsEducational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) report 2020, a total of 1,190,287,189learners are currently affected constituting 68% of the total enrolled learners worldwide because of temporary or indefinite country wide school closures implemented by the respective governments in an attempt to slow the spread of COVID-19. In Nepal alone 8,796,624 students have reportedly been affected.
Legal Framework for Preventive and Proactive Measures under the Bangladesh of Mental Health Act 2018
Authors: Nower Anika , Ontar Md. Morshed Hossain 
Published: September 2024

Mental health issues are a growing concern globally, and Bangladesh is no exception. Despite International treaties like Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) and Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) , emphasizing the protection of individuals with mental health problems, domestic implementation remains a challenge.. The Bangladesh Mental Health Act, 2018 aims to align with international standards to safeguard the rights of individuals with mental disabilities, yet the law has had some successes in certain areas but has also faced challenges or shortcomings in others. This article analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of the Act, examining how well it adheres to international standards and its impact on the rights and treatment of mentally challenged individuals. The Act's objectives, implementation, and adaptation, focusing on its potential to prevent mental health problems and enforce legal protections.
mecanismo tributário brasileiro na perspectiva da dignidade da pessoa humana
Authors: De Holanda Paiva Nunes Fernanda , De Souza Delgado Joedson 
Published: September 2024

O sistema tributário é uma ferramenta crucial para uma distribuição mais adequada de renda e impostos no Brasil. Contudo, a progressiva disparidade social e econômica que enfrenta a sociedade no Brasil, que deriva de uma injusta divisão de rendimentos e fortunas, o presente capítulo justifica-se pela extrema importância em investigar os mecanismos indispensáveis e diligentes à resolução de tais impasses financeiros, sociais e políticos no contexto brasileiro. Averiguando-se essa conjuntura, ressalta-se o seguinte problema de pesquisa: quais são as principais medidas tributárias capazes de impactar, positivamente, para reduzir a desigualdade social e assegurar a dignidade da pessoa humana? O objetivo geral é averiguar questões conceituais e legais sobre desafios presentes no sistema tributário brasileiro, à luz dos Direitos Humanos. Sobre a definição dos objetivos específicos, estabeleceu-se o seguinte: verificar conceitos e aspectos legais básicos referente ao sistema brasileiro de tributação; investigar argumentos fundamentais para a Reforma Tributária; analisar as principais medidas tributárias necessárias para a diminuição da desigualdade social e garantia da dignidade da pessoa humana.
Novel drug sampling technique: portal vein catheterization in steers
Authors: Halleran Jennifer L. , Neumann Laura , Schwartz Madelyn , Dillenbeck Linda , Foster Derek 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To determine the feasibility of catheterizing the portal vein to obtain serial portal vein blood samples in steers. We hypothesized that the portal vein catheterization would be a successful continuous sampling technique with minimal adverse effects in steers.

METHODS
2 groups of steers were used: a pilot group (n = 2) and experimental group (n = 6). In both groups, steers were sedated with xylazine. The right rib spaces were clipped and aseptically prepped. The portal vein was visualized via ultrasound, and a 14-gauge catheter was placed percutaneously and advanced into the portal vein. A guide wire was passed through the catheter, followed by a tissue dilator and then a vascular balloon catheter. In the pilot group, blood chemistries were performed prior to portal vein catheterization and then again once the catheter was placed (with samples from both the jugular vein and portal catheter). The liver was also examined at necropsy for any gross lesions in both groups.

RESULTS
All steers tolerated the portal vein catheters well, with the catheters lasting for the full length of the study period (7 days). The only observed adverse reaction was a superficial abscess at the catheter site (n = 3). On necropsy, 1 liver had gross discoloration, but no other abnormalities were noted. There were no significant changes in biochemistry profiles before or after portal vein catheterization.

CONCLUSIONS
Portal vein catheterization is a novel and feasible serial sampling technique of the portal vein.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This technique can be used in future pharmacokinetic, nutrition, metabolism, or toxicity studies.
Study on Optimization of Proportion of Skim Milk Powder and Stabilizer in Preparation of Whey Yoghurt and Evaluation of its Quality
Authors: Khadka Sabina , Timsina Anju 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study aims to optimize the utilization of whey, a significant dairy by-product from paneer production, in whey-based yogurt preparation. The primary goal is to identify the optimal ratio of skim milk powder and stabilizer (pectin) to minimize syneresis, a critical quality parameter, while preserving sensory attributes. Six formulations varying in skim milk powder (5-8%) and pectin (0-1%) were meticulously crafted and underwent sensory analysis alongside a control yogurt. The findings reveal that the inclusion of skim milk powder markedly influences syneresis reduction, showcasing a quadratic relationship. By employing response surface methodology and sensory evaluation, an optimal formulation comprising 8% skim milk powder and 0.06% stabilizer emerged, boasting superior sensory properties and mitigated syneresis. Furthermore, the study meticulously analyzed the composition of the optimized formulation, unveiling specific content percentages for total solid, pH, acidity, protein, fat, total ash, and lactose. Additionally, the research assessed the storage stability of the optimized product over a 10-day refrigerated period, tracking alterations in pH, acidity, and syneresis. Results indicated a gradual decline in pH coupled with an increase in acidity and syneresis, highlighting the importance of monitoring product attributes during storage. This investigation contributes valuable insights into maximizing whey utilization in yogurt production, ensuring both product quality and stability. The optimized formulation not only minimizes syneresis but also maintains sensory excellence, offering a promising avenue for the valorization of dairy by-products and enhancing sustainability within the dairy industry.
Multifaceted contribution of environmental pollution, race and income to health inequities in Texas
Authors: Vasnetsov Catherine , Vasnetsov Victor , Pramoda Meghna , Pramoda Siona 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Prior studies found links between ethnic background, socioeconomic status, and proximity to toxic environmental contaminants harmful to human health. However, there is no consensus among environmental economists on whether ethnicity or economics are the primary causes of health inequity under the influence of environmental hazard exposure. This paper explores this research question in Texas, the second largest US state, and the most diverse demographically, using a comprehensive framework with twelve main factors as key determinants for environmental-related health outcomes. The matrix of associations among factors of environmental pollution, economic class, race/ethnicity, and state of health is very complicated by multiple inter-correlations among components. To differentiate the relative importance of various factors, twelve statistically large population cohorts were compared, based on four racial/ethnic groups, each with three different levels of poverty. This novel approach allows for more meaningful comparisons, by normalizing groups for ethnicity and prevalence of poverty, two of the most influential socioeconomic factors. Compared to majority-White communities, majority-Hispanic and -Black communities were found to be more disproportionally negatively impacted by environmental pollution and socioeconomic challenges. This resulted in worse health outcomes: higher prevalence of chronic diseases and a shortened life span. The prevalence of poverty appears to play a dominant role in health outcomes across all racial/ethnic groups. Consistent with prior research, the Hispanic community has shown a strong positive correlation with the prevalence of diabetes, while the Black community has a high prevalence of asthma.
Bulgaria’s regional policy: Analysing paradigm shifts and dynamics of territorial inequalities
Authors: Dokov Hristo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Domestic regional policies are increasingly expected to tackle significant spatial disparities, promote territorial justice, and ensure equal opportunities, thereby supporting various aspects of sustainability. This article focuses on the case of Bulgaria, serving a dual purpose: it outlines the emergence and evolution of contemporary regional policy in the country and measures the extent and dynamics of socio-economic inequalities at different territorial levels. The conceptualization of a comprehensive regional policy framework following the socialist era was largely driven by top-down Europeanization impulses, which catalysed political debates on the transformed roles of the regions and the necessity for effective decentralisation. However, despite years of domestic regional policy implementation, socio-economic inequalities in Bulgaria remain substantial, with certain peripheral regions notably trailing behind. The comprehensive assessments conducted in this study include primarily descriptive statistics, regression and correlation analyses, time series analyses, and classification/categorization of territorial units. They indicate significant spatial heterogeneity and the prevalence of pronounced ‘centre-periphery’ patterns, which pose a serious threat to the long-term sustainable development of the country.
A Critical Review of India’s Latest Groundwater Policy: Impacts on Groundwater Resource Planning and Management
Authors: Singh Chandan Kumar , Dey Mukesh Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Groundwater policy is widely considered an essential element for building effective groundwater use and carrying out the country’s groundwater resources planning and management. This review first of its kind which gives extensive information about groundwater policy at the national and state level in India. This review focuses on the new national-level groundwater policy of India and discusses the salient features of groundwater policy for selected countries. Based on the ongoing challenges of groundwater issues in India, the benefits and drawbacks are described, making the future decision-making process easier and more efficient when contemplating regulation and known groundwater challenges. Considering the new provisions and the ongoing challenges, this paper discusses gaps in policy and its effects on the overall sustainability of groundwater resources. Our findings provide insight into the new national-level groundwater policy and outline limitations in areas such as the agricultural sector, land subsidence, cross-border conditions, climate change, information dissemination, groundwater and surface water connectivity, etc. that need urgent attention.
Late Cretaceous age of magmatism at Vršatec in the Pieniny Klippen Belt, Western Carpathians, Slovakia
Authors: Bazarnik Jakub , Matejová Marína Molčan , Lenik Piotr , Plašienka Dušan , Potočný Tomáš , Pańczyk Magdalena 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Volcanic rocks in the Pieniny Klippen Belt (PKB) of the Western Carpathians have been the focus of geologists for over a century (e.g. Uhlig, 1890; Małkowski, 1921). Miocene volcanism is most common in the PKB. However, there are infrequent occurrences of Cretaceous volcanic rocks. Several magmatic bodies of Cretaceous age have already been described in the PKB, including basalts at Hanigovce and Biała Woda, as well as peperites at Vršatec, and Velykyi Kamenets. The magmatic body in Vršatec occurs within the Upper Cretaceous marlstones of the Lalinok Formation, the age of which was previously determined to be younger than 100 Ma (Spišiak et al., 2011). Our new U-Pb zircon dating indicates the magmatic age to be ca. 80 Ma. This new age can be used as a benchmark for the forthcoming provenance studies of the surrounding clastic rocks in the PKB and the Outer Carpathians flysch.
Logic and Stylistics of Irritation in Critical Studies: E. K. Herzyk and her Christian Worldview in One of the Modern Reflections
Authors: Koshemchuk T. A. 
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to clarifying the logic and stylistics of the negativistic feeling, which is often the driving force behind critical research – irritation which can dictate a presupposed conclusion about the quality of work, the author's personality, and their position or worldview. Irritated criticism is characterized by simplifying and coarsening stylistics, including up to the level of direct insults. Such an approach blurs the criteria for accurate reading and blocks access to understanding. This problem is a special case in the general problem of the understanding of literary text and the methodology of its analysis. The relevance of studying this phenomenon is determined by the controversial nature of its frequent use in scientific works on cultural issues as an implicit background. The article analyzes the techniques of irritated interpretation. It is shown how the intention of denunciation generates the desire to go beyond the written text into the subtext and discover in it the author's alleged true motives, feelings and desires. At the same time, these ‘discovered motives’ inevitably become attached to the text. Some words, taken out of context and studied under the socalled psychological microscope aimed at finding evidence, are overemphasized acquiring a meaning that is not inherent in them. Further, evidentiary quotations are given selectively and in a reduced form. The article provides a number of examples of distorted interpretations using N. K. Bonetskaya’s multi-page critical reviews and studies devoted to, the writer of the Silver Age, E. K. Herzyk. Rendered in advance, the verdict about E. Herzyk's anti-Christianity and her desire to destroy Orthodoxy in Russia logically inevitably entails the discovery of evidence of this in every manifestation of her life and work. This article aims to overcome the untruth about one of the brightest creative personalities of the Russian Silver Age, whose life and whose creative aspirations, despite the complexity of the spiritual path, unfolded in the vein of Christianity. As a result of the conducted research, the conclusion is substantiated about the need to attract the attention of the community of cultural researchers to greater methodological correctness in the process of searching for arguments that support or refute one or another point of view, taking into account the presence or absence of an ‘irritated’ approach. Furthermore, research in the field of humanitarian knowledge is associated with certain difficulties. This requires additional efforts from a serious scientist. Reflection is needed on ensuring the balance of evaluative judgments that inevitably arise when analyzing the issues under study. Even for authors recognized by the academic community, the logic and style of irritation is a challenge.
Pico della Mirandola of Dignitas Hominis: Statement of the Problem from the Perspective of the Philosophy of Culture
Authors: Poletaeva Yu. G. 
Published: September 2024

The growing interest in the genesis of new philosophical forms brings about the need to consider the appropriation of Pico della Mirandola’s dignitas hominis by the transcendental ontology. In contrast with Heidegger’s fundamental ontology, this approach suggests a return to metaphysics and revives the interest to subjectivity in the context of the real world (Husserl). This view of the problem substantiated the use of optics of the philosophy of culture. The study aims to qualify the source of transcendental ontology of the subject in the context of the debate on the impact the Renaissance had on these ideas. To this cause, the following objectives need be reached: 1) to describe the specificities of the adepts’ of transcendental ontology view of the issue of subjectivity; 2) to substantiate the idea of the European philosophy’s turn to transcendental ontology through the prism of the philosophy of culture; 3) to identify the key predeterminants for thematization of the ontological region of consciousness in the Florencia Platonism through seeing metaphysical features of dignity as formed in the Renaissance culture; 4) to determine the meaning of the new understanding of man in the Renaissance culture for the modern formation of the subject. The study is based on the studies and commentaries of transcendental ontology by the philosophers of the 20th century. The study was carried out on the materials of the work of Pico della Mirandola and Marsilio Ficino to allow for a comparison of original wording and further commentaries. The methodology is based on critical analysis of philosophical works and the axiomatic and deductive method. As a result, the author assumes that it is the Renaissance understanding most visibly visualized in Pico’s writings on dignitas hominis that serve as an implicit basis for the transcendental ontology of the subject. In his works dignity not only takes on an ethical but also ontological dimension to illustrate the possibilities for a human of the new era. Pico follows his teacher’s, Marsilio Ficino’s, suit and manifests consciousness of the ontological structure of the world as evidence and thinking of human being as an ultimate principle of freedom, knowledge and action. Determinedness of the human image as a basis for the understanding of dignity gives a Renaissance connotation of the subject leading to an integrated characteristic of the concept, including the principle of absolute freedom and the transcendental sphere of consciousness, as its very special ontological area of responsibility.
Disciplina, campo y estilo en la conformación de las antropologías. Algunas claves conceptuales
Authors: Mora Hector , Espinoza Claudio 
Published: September 2024

Este artículo busca articular una discusión teórica en torno a algunos conceptos que resultan centrales para la comprensión de la antropología como disciplina científica, para lo cual se re-visita el concepto de estilo propuesto como alternativa a la variedad de conceptualizaciones circulantes en nuestro continente: antropologías periféricas, antropologías del Sur, antropologías nacionales, entre otras. Avanzando en esta dirección, llevamos a cabo una revisión crítica de algunas de estas propuestas y desarrollamos una reflexión que pone en el centro el lugar de la antropología en el campo disciplinario y sus particularidades, a la luz de los contextos y especificidades que le otorgan ciertas singularidades a las antropologías hechas en el continente. En este sentido, se propone comprender tales manifestaciones como parte de múltiples estilos, por lo que más que hablar de una antropología en particular, resulta más pertinente hablar de antropologías hechas en un contexto concreto.
Aportes desde la etnografía del estado al análisis crítico antropológico de la política de salud y pueblos indígenas en Chile
Authors: Bustos Bárbara 
Published: September 2024

En Chile, durante el proceso de transición a la democracia se producen dos fenómenos sociopolíticos importantes, estrechamente relacionados. Por un lado, el movimiento indígena demanda al estado políticas de reconocimiento a la diferencia. Por otro lado, una parte de la administración estatal (sectores definidos como “sociales”, en especial educación y salud) inicia un proceso de instalación de políticas y programas vinculadas a los pueblos indígenas en el quehacer institucional. Este trabajo tiene como propósito analizar críticamente la política del Ministerio de Salud en el campo de la salud y los pueblos indígenas con el fin de mapear y caracterizar sus distintos momentos desde la década de 1990 a la actualidad. Metodológicamente, el trabajose nutre de la experiencia profesional activa de su autora como antropóloga en el estado, en especial en la implementación y el diseño de la política de salud intercultural, así como del análisis de documentos oficiales producidos en este campo. Siguiendo la perspectiva teórica de la etnografía del estado, se identifican tres momentos en el despliegue de la política, marcados por énfasis distintos, que, sin embargo, responden a un mismo modelo acotado de interculturalidad que no ha conseguido permear el corazón de la política pública.