bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bio‐Inspired Design of 4D‐Printed Scaffolds Capable of Programmable Multi‐Step Transformations Toward Vascular Reconstruction
Authors: Wang Qifan , Zhang Yonggang , Shao Fei , Yang Xueying , Wang Shuya , Shen Yi , Wang Huanan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMany withered leaves or flowers spontaneously curl and transform from flattened structures into tubular constructs upon dehydration. Inspired by this phenomenon, an innovative strategy is developed to design stimuli‐responsive scaffolds that are capable of programmable transformation from flattened 2D constructs into various curled 3D tissue‐mimicking structures. Specifically, Janus‐structured scaffolds consisting of a passive layer of polycaprolactone and an active, triggered‐transforming layer of methacrylate gelatin/alginate hydrogel are 3D‐printed, which replicate the asymmetrical structure of leaves and enabled on‐demand transformation into desired curvatures and shapes through mimicking the regulation mechanism of leaves curling behavior by mesophyll matrix stiffness and vein patterns. Particularly for vascular reconstruction, multi‐step transformation scaffolds capable of primary 2D‐to‐3D transformation into tubular constructs induced by dehydration, and secondary transformation to adapt to the local intravascular geometry in vivo, are successfully developed. In addition, the oriented polycaprolactone layer of the printed scaffold can enable the adhesion, proliferation, and orientation of endothelial cells, thus demonstrating a novel strategy for the design of tissue‐engineered blood vessels. In general, this study provides an innovative design strategy for programmable biomaterials capable of shape morphing and adaptation in physiological conditions, thereby opening up a new avenue for the design of intelligent biomaterials in regenerative medicine.
Revolutionizing CO2‐to‐C2 Conversion: Unleashing the Potential of CeO2 Nanocores for Self‐ Supported Electrocatalysts with Cu2O Nanoflakes on 3D Graphene Aerogel
Authors: Yap Feng Ming , Loh Jian Yiing , Yuan Shaoyu , Zeng Xianhai , Ong Wee‐Jun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCu serves as a promising electrocatalyst for converting CO2 into valuable C2 products in CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RR). However, instability in CO* formation is crucial for CO2 adsorption‐ desorption still remains a challenge under reduction conditions. This study explores the impact of lanthanide oxide, particularly CeO2, on Cu‐based catalytic performances. By leveraging Ce's distinctive electronic structure, CO* species are stabilized during the reaction in CeO2─Cu2O, resulting in exceptional catalytic performance for CO2 electroreduction to C2 products. Hybridizing CeO2‐Cu2O with graphene aerogel enhances electrochemical active surface area and CO2RR efficiency. The resulting CeO2─Cu2O(10%)/GA electrocatalyst exhibits a remarkable faradaic efficiency for C2 products, exceeding 62%, alongside exceptional stability over 80 h with wide potential window (−0.8 to −1.2 V) using a H‐cell. Systematic investigations elucidate the intricate interplay between surface properties and catalytic activity. Furthermore, a solar cell‐ powered CO2 reduction system demonstrates consistent performance (−27.8 mA cm−2 at 3.46 V) under solar radiation of ≈100 mW cm−2, showcasing outstanding stability with nearly 100% retention over 4 h of continuous illumination. In short, by harnessing catalytic and electronic effects, this innovation advances the development of electrocatalysts with heightened CO2‐to‐C2 selectivity, bridging fundamental research with technological innovation to tackle critical global challenges.
Spherical Design‐Driven Scalable Solar‐Powered Water Treatment with Salt Self‐Cleaning and Light Self‐Adaptivity
Authors: Liao Yiqi , Wang Chuang , Dong Yanjuan , Miao Zhouyu , Yu Hou‐Yong , Chen Guozhuo , Yao Juming , Zhou Yongfeng , Liu Yannan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInterfacial solar evaporation, harnessing sunlight to induce water molecule evaporation, holds great promise for sustainable solar energy conversion. However, challenges such as reduced efficiency and instability due to salt accumulation, inadequate water transport, and the high cost of advanced nanostructured solar evaporators collectively hinder the sustainable and large‐scale practical use of this technology. Herein, an eco‐friendly, floatable 3D solar seawater evaporator is developed by innovatively incorporating a lightweight foam ball enclosed in a porous cellulose hydrogel. The 3D evaporator achieves a high water evaporation rate of ≈2.01 kg m−2 h−1 under 1 Sun, owing to its super high photothermal efficiency of 117.9% and efficient internal water transport channels. Even at a 0° simulated solar angle, the 3D evaporator maintains 85.8% of the evaporation rate at a 90° simulated solar angle. Moreover, the salt self‐cleaning capability is realized by the autonomous rotation caused by salt deposition. Particularly, the 3D evaporator can be fabricated over a large area and maintain seawater evaporation performance and structural integrity for 28 days. This study provides novel economically feasible and sustainable large‐scale solutions for interfacial solar‐powered seawater treatment.
Reducing Atomic Defects in 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Authors: Zhang Yunhao , Wang Jingwei , Nong Huiyu , He Liqiong , Li Shengnan , Wei Qiang , Wu Qinke , Liu Bilu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPreparing high‐quality 2D semiconductors represented by transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) is of great importance for the next‐generation devices. However, currently available 2D TMDCs contain many atomic defects, which greatly affect their electronic and optical properties. This review starts with the formation of atomic defects and their effects on the properties of 2D TMDCs. Then, techniques for characterizing atomic defects are systematically summarized, including atomic‐resolution imaging and spectroscopy measurements. Further, recent progress on defect suppression during growth and defect repair after growth is reviewed. Finally, challenges and opportunities in this important field are discussed.
Yb(OTf)3‐Catalyzed C=C Bond Cleavage‐Reassembly Enabling Bicyclization: Regioselective Synthesis of Heteroarylated Pentacyclic Indoles
Authors: Liu Zi‐Li , Zhu Chi‐Fan , Liu Yin‐Ping , Chen Ke , Li Qiu‐Yun , Wang Shu‐Liang , Hao Wen‐Juan , Jiang Bo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAn Yb(OTf)3‐catalyzed [2+2] cycloaddition /retro‐electrocyclization (CA‐RE)/bicyclization of 1‐(2‐aminoarylaklynyl)‐naphthalen‐2‐ols and 3‐alkylideneoxindoles is reported, enabling a direct C=C bond cleavage‐reassembly process to regioselectively synthesize a variety of quinoline‐tethered benzo[5,6]chromeno[2,3‐b]indoles in 31–84% yields. Exchanging the amino group for a hydroxyl group in the arylalkynyl unit of the naphthalen‐2‐ol substrate resulted in chromenyl chromeno[2,3‐b]indoles via a similar cascade process.
Multilayer Electrode Strategy Shorten Thermal Charging Time and Boost Energy Output in Gelatin‐Based i‐TE Cells
Authors: Li Yuchen , Wang Shuaihua , Yu Mao , Li Huan , Li Benben , Zhu Kang , Liu Weishu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGel‐based ionic thermoelectric (i‐TE) cells provide alternative thermal energy harvesting from the environment, showing obvious advantages in voltage matching for self‐powered Internet‐of‐Things (IoT) sensors. However, the gel‐based i‐TE cells always suffer a long thermal charging time and poor output power performance. Herein, a multilayer electrode engineering strategy is proposed from the device‐design level, aiming to decrease the ions' diffusion distance, increase the electrode surface area, and facilitate the ions' reaction and recovery process. The thermal charging time is shortened from 27 to 8 min as the electrode layers increase from 2 to 8. An ultrahigh instantaneous power density of 15.8 mW m−2 K−2 and 2 h output energy density (E2h) of 403 J m−2 are achieved in an 8‐layer electrode i‐TE cell. Finally, A flexible and wearable i‐TE device with 20 units is demonstrated to generate a remarkable voltage of 3.8 V and output power of 282 µW by harvesting the human body heat. This work provides a feasible and effective route to design the i‐TE device, hopefully promoting its practical power generation application.
Use of bovine‐derived collagen matrix in the surgical treatment of empty nose syndrome
Authors: Cameron Brian H. , Talmadge Jason , Citardi Martin J. 
Published: September 2024

Key points
Bovine‐derived collagen matrix (BDCM) is a safe augmentation material in patients with empty nose syndrome.
BDCM augmentation results in clinically and statistically significant improvement in nasal symptoms.
Improvements in nasal symptoms with BDCM augmentation may be durable and can be seen up to 2 years postoperative.
Development and evaluation of mixing performance of new type pitched paddle impeller (HR1000) for wastewater treatment
Authors: Furukawa Haruki , Takahashi Riki , Fukuzawa Kenshi , Kato Yoshihito , Kato Yoshikazu , Nemoto Takahiro , Ago Ken‐ichi , Koh Seung‐Tae 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSATAKE MultiMix Corporation developed a new type of pitched paddle impeller for low power consumption turbulent mixing for wastewater treatment and its performance was evaluated by measuring power consumption, mixing time, and particle suspension. The power number of the new impeller was lower than that of the existing pitched paddle, which could be constructed by modifying the correlation equation. For the same power consumption per unit volume, the mixing performance was almost the same as that of other axial flow impellers. The particle suspension performance was also the same as that of other axial flow impellers.
A thorough evaluation of flavor characteristics among various retail peanut oil products using multivariate statistical methods
Authors: Ma Sumin , Lim Kevin , Ding Caixia , Xu Haoyu , Shi Haiming , Bi Yanlan , Zhang Hong , Xu Xuebing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFlavor is a crucial characteristic of peanut oils, exerting a significant impact on their quality and acceptability. However, given the uncertainty in the correlations between flavor attributes and volatile compounds, assessing the flavor quality of commercial peanut oil retail products (PORPs) based on updated analysis techniques remains challenging. In this study, 21 commercial samples were collected for investigating this correlation. From the sensory evaluations, the 16 fragrant PORPs show differences esp. for the roasted (4.25–10), the sweet (0–4.25), and the steamed (0–4.25) attributes while the roasted attribute is dominant for all the products. For volatile profile analysis with updated analytical technology, the fragrant PORPs also show significant difference in terms of volatile profiles and intensities. The total intensity can differ from 16.37 to 66.59 mg/kg. Multivariate statistical methods (MSMs) revealed the significant correlations between volatile compounds and specific sensory attributes. Notably, 1‐hexanol and phenylethyl alcohol demonstrate a strong correlation with the raw peanut flavor attribute. Benzeneacetaldehyde (BA) exhibited a positive correlation with sweet flavor. dl‐Pantolactone has a positive effect on roasted flavor. Hexanal and 3‐octen‐2‐one are highly related to off‐flavor notes. In addition, based on machine learning (ML), three groups of volatile compounds were found to be highly correlated with specific flavor attributes. Notably, a cluster comprising seven compounds, namely 2‐ethenyl‐6‐methylpyrazine, 2‐methyl‐6‐[(E)‐1‐propenyl]pyrazine, benzaldehyde, BA, nonanal, dl‐pantolactone, and 2‐acetopyridine exhibiting a positive correlation with roasted, steamed, and sweet flavor attributes. Furthermore, recombination experiments were conducted to verify the synergistic effect of these seven compounds on flavor performance and agreements were reached.
Bioimaging of sense organs and the central nervous system in extant fishes and reptiles in situ: A review
Authors: Collin Shaun P. , Yopak Kara E. , Crowe‐Riddell Jenna M. , Camilieri‐Asch Victoria , Kerr Caroline C. , Robins Hope , Ha Myoung Hoon , Ceddia Annalise , Dutka Travis L. , Chapuis Lucille 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBioimaging is changing the field of sensory biology, especially for taxa that are lesser‐known, rare, and logistically difficult to source. When integrated with traditional neurobiological approaches, developing an archival, digital repository of morphological images can offer the opportunity to improve our understanding of whole neural systems without the issues of surgical intervention and negate the risk of damage and artefactual interpretation. This review focuses on current approaches to bioimaging the peripheral (sense organs) and central (brain) nervous systems in extant fishes (cartilaginous and bony) and non‐avian reptiles in situ. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), micro‐computed tomography (μCT), both super‐resolution track density imaging and diffusion tensor‐based imaging, and a range of other new technological advances are presented, together with novel approaches in optimizing both contrast and resolution, for developing detailed neuroanatomical atlases and enhancing comparative analyses of museum specimens. For MRI, tissue preparation, including choice of fixative, impacts tissue MR responses, where both resolving power and signal‐to‐noise ratio improve as field strength increases. Time in fixative, concentration of contrast agent, and duration of immersion in the contrast agent can also significantly affect relaxation times, and thus image quality. For μCT, the use of contrast‐enhancing stains (iodine‐, non‐iodine‐, or nanoparticle‐based) is critical, where the type of fixative used, and the concentration of stain and duration of staining time often require species‐specific optimization. Advanced reconstruction algorithms to reduce noise and artifacts and post‐processing techniques, such as deconvolution and filtering, are now being used to improve image quality and resolution.
Investigating the Heterogeneity of “Study Twins”
Authors: Röver Christian , Friede Tim 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTMeta‐analyses are commonly performed based on random‐effects models, while in certain cases one might also argue in favor of a common‐effect model. One such case may be given by the example of two “study twins” that are performed according to a common (or at least very similar) protocol. Here we investigate the particular case of meta‐analysis of a pair of studies, for example, summarizing the results of two confirmatory clinical trials in phase III of a clinical development program. Thereby, we focus on the question of to what extent homogeneity or heterogeneity may be discernible and include an empirical investigation of published (“twin”) pairs of studies. A pair of estimates from two studies only provide very little evidence of homogeneity or heterogeneity of effects, and ad hoc decision criteria may often be misleading.
Phase Ib/II study on the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of pegylated irinotecan (JK1201I) as second‐line monotherapy for patients with small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Long Jieran , Li Xuefei , Wu Lin , Yu Guohua , Zang Aimin , Zhao Yanqiu , Shi Jinsheng , Nie Ligong , Zhao Xuan , Fang Jian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of multiple doses of pegylated irinotecan (JK1201I) as a second‐line monotherapy for treating small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients.MethodsAccording to the “3 + 3” dose‐escalation principle, patients received intravenous JK1201I at 180 or 220 mg/m2 once every 3 weeks for four cycles. Progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), median progression‐free survival (mPFS), and median overall survival (mOS) were evaluated. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze PFS and overall OS. Brookmeyer and Crowley's method was used for mPFS and mOS.ResultsThis study included 29 patients with stage III–IV SCLC (stage IIIa, n = 1; stage IIIb, n = 1; and stage IV, n = 27). Of these, 26 patients were enrolled in the 180 mg/m2 dose group, and 3 patients were enrolled in the 220 mg/m2 dose group. No dose‐limiting toxicity (DLT) was noted during the first 28 days of treatment. Grade 3 or higher adverse events were recorded in the 180 mg/m2 group, including diarrhea (11.5%, 3/26), neutropenia (7.7%, 2/26), and leukopenia (7.7%, 2/26). In the 220 mg/m2 group, one patient (33.3%, 1/3) experienced neutropenia or leukopenia. In the 180 mg/m2 group, 38.5% (10/26) of patients achieved an objective response rate (ORR), with a disease control rate (DCR) of 73.1% (19/26). The mPFS and mOS were 3.4 and 12.1 months, respectively. In the 220 mg/m2 group, one patient had stable disease, and one had progressive disease (PD). The ORR, DCR, mPFS, and mOS were 0% (0/3) and 33.3% (1/3), 2.7 months and 2.7 months, respectively.ConclusionJK1201I exhibits promising efficacy and relatively low toxicities as a second‐line monotherapy for SCLC, warranting further large‐scale clinical studies to evaluate its efficacy in greater detail.
OCR still intent on combating national origin discrimination
Authors: Lyerly Eric 
Published: September 2024

The Office for Civil Rights has become relentless in addressing discrimination based on national origin/shared ancestry — most often involving Jewish, Muslim, Arab, and Palestinian individuals as of late. Campus Legal Advisor, a sister publication to Campus Security Report, has previously written about OCR's heightened activity in this area, with numerous investigations, fact sheets, and “Dear Colleague Letters” calling on colleges and universities to eliminate hostile environments related to harassment based on national origin/shared ancestry and to fulfill their legal obligations under Title VI. (See bit.ly/465FTac and bit.ly/48gwhdu.)
Solar Selective Photooxidation of Veratryl Alcohol by Suppression of Reactive Oxygen Species Through Band Modulation in the BiOI/Bi4Ti3O12 Heterojunction
Authors: Murillo‐Sierra J. C. , Romero R. , Melin V. , Henriquez A. , Montoya L. F. , Campos C. H. , Contreras D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLignin valorization through heterogeneous photocatalysis is a promising pathway for obtaining value‐added products, including chemical building blocks, biofuels, etc. However, several challenges still demand attention and resolution in this field. One of the key parameters in the heterogeneous photocatalytic process is the synthesis of efficient photocatalysts that can accomplish efficient and selective reactions. Selective conversion of lignin can be achieved by using heterojunction photocatalysts which can efficiently separate charge carriers’ and promote selective reactions by band structure modulation. This work details a straightforward approach for synthesizing heterojunction photocatalysts based on Bi4Ti3O12 and BiOI involving the hydrothermal and co‐precipitation methods. Additionally, the synthesized composites were employed in the selective oxidation of veratryl alcohol, a lignin‐derived model compound, to produce high‐value‐added veratraldehyde. The experimental results showed that the BiOI/Bi4Ti3O12 heterojunction (12.5 mol % BiOI) showed superior activity with a veratraldehyde yield of 5.4 and 27.2 times higher than those of Bi4Ti3O12 and BiOI, respectively. The mechanistic studies revealed that the improved activity and selectivity were due to the enhanced charge carriers’ separation and the suppression of reactive oxygen species formation through modulation of band structure. This study allows a green approach to lignin‐derived biomass valorization to obtain high‐value chemicals.
Single‐cell RNA sequencing of pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma to study the inhibition of T cell subtypes
Authors: de Kanter Jurrian K. , Steemers Alexander S. , Gonzalez Daniel Montiel , van Ineveld Ravian L. , Blijleven Catharina , Groenen Niels , Trabut Laurianne , Scheijde‐Vermeulen Marijn A. , Westera Liset , Beishuizen Auke , Rios Anne C. , Holstege Frank C. P. , Brandsma Arianne M. , Margaritis Thanasis , van Boxtel Ruben , Meyer‐Wentrup Friederike 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPediatric classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) patients have a high survival rate but suffer from severe long‐term side effects induced by chemo‐ and radiotherapy. cHL tumors are characterized by the low fraction (0.1%–10%) of malignant Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg (HRS) cells in the tumor. The HRS cells depend on the surrounding immune cells for survival and growth. This dependence is leveraged by current treatments that target the PD‐1/PD‐L1 axis in cHL tumors. The development of more targeted therapies that are specific for the tumor and are therefore less toxic for healthy tissue compared with conventional chemotherapy could improve the quality of life of pediatric cHL survivors. Here, we applied single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) on isolated HRS cells and the immune cells from the same cHL tumors. Besides TNFRSF8 (CD30), we identified other genes of cell surface proteins that are consistently overexpressed in HRS cells, such as NRXN3 and LRP8, which can potentially be used as alternative targets for antibody–drug conjugates or CAR T cells. Finally, we identified potential interactions by which HRS cells inhibit T cells, among which are the galectin‐1/CD69 and HLA‐II/LAG3 interactions. RNAscope was used to validate the enrichment of CD69 and LAG3 expression on T cells near HRS cells and indicated large variability of the interaction strength with the corresponding ligands between patients and between tumor tissue regions. In conclusion, this study identifies new potential therapeutic targets for cHL and highlights the importance of studying heterogeneity when identifying therapy targets, specifically those that target tumor‐immune cell interactions.
Human immunodeficiency virus‐associated Lymphomas: EHA–ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow‐up
Authors: Hübel Kai , Bower Mark , Aurer Igor , Bastos‐Oreiro Mariana , Besson Caroline , Brunnberg Uta , Cattaneo Chiara , Collins Simon , Cwynarski Kate , Pria Alessia D. , Hentrich Marcus , Hoffmann Christian , Kersten Marie J. , Montoto Silvia , Navarro Jose‐Tomas , Oksenhendler Eric , Re Alessandro , Ribera Josep‐Maria , Schommers Philipp , von Tresckow Bastian , Buske Christian , Dreyling Martin , Davies Andy ,   the EHA and ESMO Guidelines Committees
Published: September 2024

Highlights

This EHA–ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline provides key recommendations for managing HIV‐associated lymphomas.
The guideline covers clinical, imaging and pathological diagnosis; staging and risk assessment; treatment and follow‐up.
The author group encompasses a multidisciplinary group of experts from different institutions and countries in Europe.
Recommendations are based on available scientific data and the authors’ collective expert opinion.
Composite suture material based on polylactide accelerates the healing of surgical wounds in in vivo experiment
Authors: Malafeev K. V. , Moskalyuk O. A. , Yudin V. E. , Suslov D. N. , Popova A. A. , Yukina G. Yu. , Sukhorukova E. G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn laboratory conditions, composite sutures based on polylactide (PLA) containing chitin nanofibrils modified with polyethylene glycol (CN‐PEG) and poviargol (silver nanoparticles stabilized with poly(N‐vinylpyrrolidone)) were obtained, studied, and used as a prototype. Surgical sutures threads with the addition of CN‐PEG have stable mechanical properties both in air and in a buffer simulating the environment of a living organism. The yield strength of oriented threads decreased by an average of 15%, whereas for non‐oriented threads the decrease was 3–4 times. The strength values in simple units of unfilled PLA, PLA containing 5 wt % CN‐PEG, and PLA with 1 wt % Poviargol were on average 50% higher than the national standard 31620‐2012. The results of in vivo experiments on albino rats (cross‐linking skin and muscle tissue in the linea alba area) showed that composite sutures are best for suturing muscle tissue, whereas unfilled PLA sutures are more suitable for suturing skin. When suturing muscle tissue, suturing with composite sutures increased the number of collagen fibers of different diameters.