bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partial unidirectional translocation from 5AL to 7BS leads to dense spike in an EMS-induced wheat mutant
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Wang Yongfa , Chen Yongming , Li Yazhou , Guo Kai , Xu Jin , Guan Panfeng , Lan Tianyu , Xin Mingming , Hu Zhaorong , Guo Weilong , Yao Yingyin , Ni Zhongfu , Sun Qixin , Hao Ming , Peng Huiru 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
As the inflorescence of wheat, spike architecture largely determines grain productivity. Dissecting the genetic basis for spike morphology of wheat can contribute towards designation of ideal spike morphology to improve grain production.
Results
In this study, we characterized an EMS-induced mutant dense spike1 (ds1) from Nongda3753 (ND3753) with a dense spike and reduced plant height. Using bulked segregant analysis coupled with whole-genome sequencing (BSA-Seq) of two segregating populations, ds1 was mapped to the short arm of chromosome 7B. Further genotypic and phenotypic analyses of the residual heterozygous lines from F3 to F6 of Yong3002×ds1 revealed that there was a 0-135Mb deletion in chromosome 7B associated with the dense spike phenotype. The reads count analysis of the two bulks in BSA-Seq along with the cytological analysis of ds1, ND3753, NIL-ds1 and NIL-Y3002 confirmed the partial unidirectional translocation of 5AL (541-713Mb) to 7BS (0-135Mb) in ds1. This translocation resulted in an increase in copy number and expression of Q gene, thereby leading to the dense spike phenotype observed in ds1.
Conclusion
We identified a partial unidirectional translocation from 5AL to 7BS in an EMS-induced mutant ds1, which exhibiting dense spike phenotype. This research deepens our understanding of the dosage-dependent effect of Q gene on wheat spike morphology, and provides new materials with several chromosome structural variations for wheat breeding.
Isolation, phenotypical and genotypical characterization of Mannheimia haemolytica serotype A5 strain associated with pneumonic Pasteurellosis
Authors: Wang Jiajia , Guo Rongxian , Chen Songbiao , Liao Chengshui , Shang Ke , Wei Ying , Li Jing , He Lei , Wang Lei , Xia Xiaojing , Jia Yanyan , Yu Zuhua , Ding Ke 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Mannheimia haemolytica (M. haemolytica) is the primary pathogen responsible for respiratory diseases in ruminants. As an opportunistic pathogen, it often co-infects with other bacteria and viruses, leading to severe pneumonia. In this study, a suspected M. haemolytica pathogen was isolated from the lungs of sheep on a farm in Luoyang that exhibited respiratory symptoms and died acutely. The species classification, biological characteristics, and genome sequence analysis of the pathogen were determined.
Results
Morphological observations, biochemical tests, and phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the isolate was closely related to serotype A1 M. haemolytica GCA-900474405.1. Furthermore, sequence comparison of the capsular gene region revealed that the bacterium belonged to serotype A5 M. haemolytica and was named MH-1. Antibiotic sensitivity tests showed that MH-1 was resistant to tetracycline, erythromycin, spectinomycin and penicillin-G, and sensitive to other selected antibiotics. In animal experiments conducted on mice via intraperitoneal inoculation with MH-1, depression symptoms and dishevelled hair were observed in all mice in the highest-dose group, leading to death. The LD50 value for mice was determined to be 1.27×109 CFU. Whole-genome sequence analysis revealed that MH-1 had a total of 20 open reading frames (ORFs) encoded genes related to pathogenicity, including proteins involved in adhesion, invasion, iron uptake, and antiphagocytosis. While 8 ORFs were responsible for drug resistance genes, such as the macrolide resistance gene macB, the tetracycline resistance gene tet(35), the aminoglycoside resistance gene APH(3')-Ia, and the β-lactam resistance gene CRP. These findings were consistent with the results obtained from the antibiotic susceptibility test.
Conclusion
In conclusion, we successfully isolated and identified a strain of M. haemolytica serotype A5 from sheep. Through whole-genome sequencing and biological characterization analysis, we have enriched the understanding of the pathogenic properties of M. haemolytica in sheep. This information provides valuable insights for prevention and treatment strategies against M. haemolytica infections in sheep.
CircTTC13 promotes sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma through the inhibition of ferroptosis by targeting the miR-513a-5p/SLC7A11 axis
Authors: Zhang Ying , Yao Ruiwei , Li Mingyi , Fang Chongkai , Feng Kunliang , Chen Xiuru , Wang Jinan , Luo Rui , Shi Hanqian , Chen Xinqiu , Zhao Xilin , Huang Hanlin , Liu Shuwei , Yin Bing , Zhong Chong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The high mortality rate from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is due primarily to challenges in early diagnosis and the development of drug resistance in advanced stages. Many first-line chemotherapeutic drugs induce ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death dependent on ferrous iron-mediated oxidative stress, suggesting that drug resistance and ensuing tumor progression may in part stem from reduced ferroptosis. Since circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to influence tumor development, we examined whether specific circRNAs may regulate drug-induced ferroptosis in HCC. Through circRNA sequencing, we identified a novel hsa_circ_0000195 (circTTC13) that is overexpressed in HCC tissues. This overexpression is linked to higher tumor grade, more advanced tumor stage, decreased ferroptosis, and poorer overall survival. Overexpression of CircTTC13 in HCC cell lines and explant tumors was associated with increased proliferation rates, enhanced metastatic capacity, and resistance to sorafenib, while also inhibiting ferroptosis. Conversely, circTTC13 silencing reduced malignant characteristics and promoted ferroptosis. In silico analysis, luciferase assays, and fluorescence in situ hybridization collectively demonstrated that circTTC13 directly targets and reduces miR-513a-5p expression, which in turn leads to the upregulation of the negative ferroptosis regulator SLC7A11. Moreover, SLC7A11 inhibition paralleled the effect of circTTC13 knockdown, whereas ferroptosis inhibition paralleled the effect of circTTC13 overexpression. Both circTTC13 and SLC7A11 were highly expressed in drug-resistant HCC cells, and circTTC13 silencing induced ferroptosis and reversed sorafenib resistance in explant tumors. These findings identify circTTC13 as a critical driver of HCC progression and resistance to drug-induced ferroptosis via upregulation of SLC7A11. The cicTTC13/miR-513a-5p/SLCA11 axis represents a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
Are female doctoral students less satisfied with doctoral experiences? Mechanisms and Evidence from 108 Countries
Authors: Teng Changhong , Wu Guanghao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

There is a lack of empirical studies exploring gender differences on satisfaction with doctoral experiences. Based on the 2019 Nature Global Doctoral Survey data, our empirical research results indicate that female doctoral students were significantly less satisfied with doctoral studies than males and were more likely to experience a decline in satisfaction. This result has passed a series of robustness checks. The mechanism analysis reveals that the lower satisfaction of female doctoral students stems from a higher probability of experiencing gender discrimination by 12.3% compared to males, a 6.81% higher likelihood of facing sexual harassment, and greater difficulty for females in maintaining a good work-life balance. In addition, heterogeneity analysis shows that the negative impact of overwork on the satisfaction of female doctoral students is more pronounced. Based on this, this study proposes policy implications.
WITHDRAWN: Polycaprolactone Electrospun Nanofibers Embedded with Phosphorus-Doped g-Carbon Nitride for Rapid Detection of Xanthine
Authors: Akhtar Hafsah , Hanif Sehrish , Alhamoudi Fahad Hussain , Zulfiqar Anam , Khan Ather Farooq , Akhtar Naeem , Khalid Hamad , Adil Nosherwan , Yu Cong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Precise monitoring of xanthine (Xn) is very crucial for preventing and managing a range of related diseases, including gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, and renal failure. Despite the development of numerous electrochemical sensors for Xn monitoring, enhancing their stability, reproducibility, sensitivity, and selectivity for real-time applications remains challenging due to the need for specific binding sites and the requirement for a uniform ions flow and electrons over the exposed catalytic active sites of electrode surface. Thus, keeping in view these challenges herein we smartly constructed a novel phosphorus doped graphitic carbon nitride (P@g-C3N4) embedded polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun nanofibers-based electrode for precise electrochemical monitoring of Xn. Interestingly, P@g-C3N4 not only provides abundant catalytic active sites but also offers binding sites such as phosphorus sites, nitrogen sites, vacancies, and functional groups, while PCL ensures a smooth and homogeneous flow of ions, resulting in sensitive, selective, and reliable monitoring of Xn. As a result, our designed system exhibits a vast linear range of 5–240 µM and higher sensitivity with detection limit of 3.9 µM. Moreover, the designed electrochemical sensor was employed to human urine samples for real-time analysis. The results revealed that the electrode exhibits excellent reusability, sensitivity, and long-term stability, making it a cost-effective and reliable tool for future applications.
Proteoglycan 4 (Lubricin) and Regulation of Xanthine Oxidase in Synovial Macrophage as A Mechanism of Controlling Synovitis
Authors: Elsaid Khaled A. , Zhang Ling X. , Zhao Thomas , Marks Ava , Jenkins Derek , Schmidt Tannin A. , Jay Gregory D. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Synovial macrophages (SMs) are important effectors of joint health and disease. A novel Cx3CR1 + TREM2 + SM population expressing the tight junction protein claudin-5, was recently discovered in synovial lining. Ablation of these SMs was associated with onset of arthritis. Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) is a mucinous glycoprotein that fulfills lubricating and homeostatic roles in the joint. The aim of this work is to study the role of PRG4 in modulating synovitis in the context of SM homeostasis and assess the contribution of xanthine oxidase (XO)-hypoxia inducible factor alpha (HIF-1a) axis to this regulation.
Methods
We used Prg4FrtloxP/FrtloxP;R26FlpoER/+, a novel transgenic mouse, where the Prg4Frt allele normally expresses the PRG4 protein and was designed to flank the first two exons of Prg4 with a flippase recognition target and “LOXP” sites. Inducing flippase activity with tamoxifen (TAM) inactivates the Frt allele and thus creates a conditional knockout state. We studied anti-inflammatory SMs and XO by quantitative immunohistochemistry, isolated RNA and studied immune pathway activations by multiplexed assays and isolated SMs and studied PRG4 signaling dysfunction in relation to glycolytic switching due to pro-inflammatory activation. Prg4 inactivated mice were treated with oral febuxostat, a specific XO inhibitor, and quantification of Cx3CR1 + TREM2 + SMs, XO immunostaining and synovitis assessment were conducted.
Results
Prg4 inactivation induced Cx3CR1 + TREM2 + SM loss (p < 0.001) and upregulated glycolysis and innate immune pathways in the synovium. In isolated SMs, Xdh (p < 0.01) and Hif1a (p < 0.05) were upregulated. Pro-inflammatory activation of SMs was evident by enhanced glycolytic flux and XO-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS). Febuxostat reduced glycolytic flux (p < 0.001) and HIF-1a levels (p < 0.0001) in SMs. Febuxostat also reduced systemic inflammation (p < 0.001), synovial hyperplasia (p < 0.001) and preserved Cx3CR1 + TREM2 + SMs (p < 0.0001) in synovia of Prg4 inactivated mice.
Conclusions
PRG4 is a biologically significant modulator of synovial homeostasis via inhibition of XO expression and downstream HIF-1a activation. PRG4 signaling is anti-inflammatory and promotes synovial homeostasis in chronic synovitis, where direct XO inhibition is potentially therapeutic in chronic synovitis.
A Numerical Investigation of the Impact of Non-linear Viscous Damping on Structural Response to Seismic Excitation
Authors: Hankouri Yousra El , Ghoulbzouri Abdelouafi El 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Ensuring building safety and seismic protection are vital considerations for civil engineers when designing structures. Seismic dampers, a relatively new technology in buildings, can significantly mitigate the risk of damage and destruction during an earthquake or other seismic events. Dampers have emerged as crucial control mechanisms in buildings to mitigate vibrations induced by lateral loads, notably seismic events. Different type of dampers, including viscous, tuned mass, friction, and hybrid dampers, have garnered significant attention for their effectiveness in reducing the adverse effects of earthquakes. This study delves into the role of dampers in structural control and their utilization to counteract seismic forces. Through numerical simulations and analysis, the study examines the effectiveness of various damper types in improving structural resilience and minimizing seismic-induced vibrations. Specifically, the research focuses on the role of nonlinear viscous damping in affecting the performance of multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) structures. By exploring the diverse applications of dampers, particularly nonlinear viscous damping. The study aims to further the development of earthquake resistant building design and construction practices.
Social organization and physical environment shape the microbiome of harvester ants
Authors: Gamboa Denisse Alejandra , Flynn Peter J. , Lowell Eva Sofia Horna , Pinter-Wollman Noa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

All animals harbor microbiomes, which are obtained from the surrounding environment and are impacted by host behavior and life stage. To determine how the physical environment and social organization structure an organism's microbiome, we examined the microbial communities within and around nests of harvester ants (Veromessor andrei). We collected soil and nest content samples from five different nests. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and calculated alpha and beta diversity to compare microbial diversity and community composition across samples. We compared across i) sample types (ants, brood, seeds and reproductives, and soil), ii) soil inside and outside the nest, and iii) soil from different chamber types. Interestingly, we found support that both the environment and social organization structure the microbiome of V. andrei colonies. Soil from the five nests differed from one another in a way that mapped onto their geographical distance. Furthermore, soil from inside the nests resembled the surrounding soil, supporting the physical environment hypothesis. However, the microbiomes of the contents within the nest chambers, i.e., ants, brood, seeds, and reproductives, differed from one another in their microbiome and from the surrounding soil, supporting the social organization hypotheses. This study highlights the importance of considering environmental and social factors in understanding microbiome dynamics.
RuSiNPs@N,S-GQDs as self-enhanced anodic electrochemiluminescent immunobeacons for the highly sensitive quantitation of okadaic acid in shellfish
Authors: Li Silun , Peng Jiawei , Lin Xueying , Chen Jing , Wu Yanfang , Chen Quansheng , Chen Xiaomei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The accurate and rapid assessment of okadaic acid (OA) levels in shellfish is of paramount importance for ensuring seafood safety. In this study, a competitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor was proposed for the precise quantitation of OA, utilizing a novel self-enhanced solid-state ECL marker. Graphene quantum dots doped with nitrogen and sulfur (N,S-GQDs) were synthesized through the electrolysis of graphite in 3-(N-morpholine) propane sulfonic acid (MOPS) solution. Intriguingly, these N,S-GQDs exhibited exceptional co-reactant properties, significantly enhancing the anodic ECL performance of Ru(bpy)32+ in a phosphate-buffered saline solution. Following the functionalization of Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (RuSiNPs) with poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA), we achieved a well-dispersed assembly of N,S-GQDs on the exterior of the RuSiNPs through electrostatic interactions. Importantly, the core-shell structure of RuSiNPs@N,S-GQDs efficiently encapsulated both the luminophore and co-reactant, facilitating improved electron transfer rates, shorter interaction distances, and reduced energy loss during light emission. Consequently, the RuSiNPs@N,S-GQDs displayed enhanced ECL properties compared to bare RuSiNPs. Leveraging this "bright" ECL beacon, our ECL immunosensor demonstrated remarkable analytical performance, yielding a low half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.14 ng mL− 1, an extensive linear range spanning 0.003-40 ng mL− 1, and impressively low limit of detection of 1 fg mL− 1 for OA determination.
The association between cannabis consumption and compliance with COVID-19 related barrier measures: prospective analyses from the French CONSTANCES cohort and SAPRIS survey
Authors: Haddad Rita El , Wiernik Emmanuel , Kab Sofiane , Zins Marie , Airagnes Guillaume 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective To examine the association between the frequency of cannabis consumption and compliance with COVID-19 related barrier measures among adults in France between April and October 2020.Methods Data from the CONSTANCES cohort on 39,450 adults participating in the SAPRIS survey were analyzed. The associations between noncompliance with handwashing, wearing a mask and social distancing and the frequency of cannabis consumption in 2019 at two periods of time, wave 1 + 2 (confinement) and wave 3 (deconfinement), were examined using binary logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, education, marital status, accommodation, tobacco use, self-rated health, anxiety and depressive symptoms.Results Compared to not consuming cannabis during the last 12 months, consuming less than once per month was negatively associated with handwashing at wave 3 (Odds Ratio [95% Confidence Interval]) 1.46 [1.28–1.66], wearing a mask at wave 1 + 2 (1.26 [1.05–1.52]) and at wave 3 (1.60 [1.35–1.89]) and social distancing at wave 1 + 2 (1.32 [1.16–1.50]) and at wave 3 (1.55[1.32–1.83]). Consuming cannabis once per month or more was negatively associated with wearing a mask at wave 3 (1.41 [1.11–1.80]) and social distancing at wave 1 + 2 (1.27 [1.06–1.52]) and at wave 3 (1.57 [1.25–1.98]).Conclusion Cannabis consumption may be associated with less compliance with barrier measures.
Main Features and Treatments of Cervical Cysts in Children from a Single-center Experience
Authors: Sun Nian , Pang Wei , Zhang Xuexi , Li Yanzhen , Liu Qiaoyin , Liu Zhiyong , Li Xiaodan , Tan Junlong , Wang Shengcai , Ni Xin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To summarize the main features of various types of cervical cysts in order to refine current diagnosis and treatment.
Methods
To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of patients admitted with cervical cyst. Analysis focuses on the clinical presentation, medical imaging, surgical approach, treatment-related complications as well as disease recurrence.
Results
The main self-reported symptom at first admission is painless masses at neck and submandibular space. 384 patients received cervical ultrasound examination whereas 92 patients were subjected to cervical MRI. The median of cysts size recorded by medical imaging is 1.7cm*1.0cm*1.6cm. With a median time of operation for 55 minutes. The biopsy of removed cysts indicated five main pathological categories including thyroglossal duct cyst, (TGDC), branchial cleft cyst, (BCC), dermoid cyst, (DC), lymphatic malformation (LM) and bronchogenic cyst (BC). The most frequent postsurgical complication is dysphagia and inflammatory wound swelling. Seven patients inflicted with relapses before further treatment.
Conclusions
Our study showed that ultrasound and MRI are the main modalities for identifying and diagnosing disease. Surgical removal remains the major modality for disease control. Majority of postsurgical complications is attributed to transitional injury of blood vessels or nerves. Recurrence of cysts is commonly associated with TGDC and LM.
Ultra-tough and high-resilience mechanochromic fibres for real-world stress detection
Authors: Kim Dae Seok , Jeong Yu Jin , Lee Youngeun , Won Taekyung , Lee Ji Won , Eom Youngho 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer (CLCE) fibres have gained considerable attention as promising candidates for mechanochromic smart textiles across various domains, ranging from fashion to healthcare. However, intrinsically high hysteresis of CLCE during stress relaxation necessitates a time-lag between successive stimulus detections, thereby constraining the practical use in real-world systems. Here, we develop high-tough and low-hysteresis mechanochromic fibres capable of effectively detecting ultra-fast deformations at practical levels. By utilizing a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) as a core fibre and CLCE as a sheath, we developed sheath-core composite fibres (named CLCE-SC). The CLCE-SC fibres preserve remarkable optical properties of CLCE sheath while improving mechanical properties, including high strength (100.9 MPa), toughness (27274.53 MJ m-3), and ultra-fast resilience (160 % strain at 128.3 cm s-1 strain speed) due to the TPE core. We demonstrate on-demand mechanochromic fibres with tuneable moduli of core TPE, expanding the fields of smart textile from single fibre to dynamic sensory environment.
Nucleophilicity at copper(-I) in a compound with a Cu–Mg bond
Authors: Liptrot David , Jackson Ross , Evans Nicholas , Babula Dawid , Downie Thomas Horsley , Charman Rex , Neale Samuel , Mahon Mary 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

A vast number of chemical reactions rely on the near-inevitable preference of copper for positive oxidation states to make useful compounds. In this work, we report that the reaction of an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligated copper alkoxide with a dimeric magnesium(I) compound results in a stable compound with a copper-magnesium bond, which conforms to the formal oxidation state of Cu(-I). Single crystal X-ray crystallography and quantum chemical calculations further support the assignment of a sub-zero oxidation state at copper. The Cu-Mg bond acts as a source of the cupride anion, transferring the NHC-copper fragment to electrophilic s-, p-, and d-block atoms to make known and new copper-containing compounds.
Fingerprinting of volatile profiles of sprouted and unsprouted seeds and flours of Phaseolus vulgaris using HS-SPME/GC-MS
Authors: Rajhi Imene , Ouertani Rim Nefissi , Rajhi Fatma , Mhadhbi Haythem , Flamini Guido 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The impact of germination and milling on volatile compounds (VOCs) of chickpea cultivar was evaluated using HS-SPME/GC-MS technique. In total, 35 VOCs were identified. In this study, 28 active odors were characterized in seeds and 23 in flours: 17 in raw seeds, 24 in sprouted grains, 21 in raw flours, and 17 in germinated flours; they accounted for 98.9, 96.6, 97.9, and 98.8% of total emissions, respectively. The VOCs were classified into six chemical classes i.e., monoterpene hydrocarbons (MH), oxygenated monoterpenes (OM), apocarotenes (AP), phenylpropanoids (PP), nitrogen/sulfur derivatives (NSD), and non-terpene derivatives (NTD). Germination and milling processes decreased clearly the emission of NTD VOCs and increased the MH, OM, PP, AC, and NSD VOCs. Aldehydes, the most interest constituents giving the undesirable odors of legumes, was diminished in sprouted seed and flour versions. This study can provide useful information on the conception of legume–based ingredients combined with specific volatile characteristics in order to reduce unwanted odors and definitely for pertinent breeding programs.