bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efectos del vapeo durante la gestación: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Polo Cobos Moisés , Cabello Triguero Carmen María , Ruiz Vera Jesús 
Published: September 2024

Objetivos. Investigar los efectos del vapeo durante la gestación en la salud materna y fetal para poder determinar si el uso de cigarrillos electrónicos (CE) es una alternativa segura a los cigarrillos convencionales (CC). Metodología. Revisión sistemática de la literatura, siguiendo el método PRISMA, con una búsqueda en bases de datos específicas y el uso de criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Resultados. Se seleccionaron 12 estudios relevantes, de los cuales 7 son transversales, 4 de cohortes y 1 de casos y controles. Se encuentran riesgos aumentados durante la gestación asociados al vapeo, aunque de diferentes magnitudes, y con contradicciones en la literatura revisada. Discusión. El vapeo durante el embarazo está vinculado a un mayor riesgo de resultados adversos perinatales, como bajo peso al nacer, parto prematuro y restricción del crecimiento intrauterino. Comparativamente, las mujeres que usaron CE presentaron mayores riesgos que las no usuarias de tabaco, aunque el cese de su uso redujo dichos riesgos. En cuanto a la comparación entre CC y CE existe evidencia contradictoria. Sin embargo, las conclusiones se ven limitadas por la dependencia de datos autoinformados, el tamaño de la muestra, y la potencial influencia de factores de confusión no controlados. Estas limitaciones subrayan la necesidad de más investigaciones para esclarecer el impacto completo del vapeo durante el embarazo.

ABSTRACT
Objectives. To investigate the effects of vaping during gestation on maternal and fetal health; and determine whether the use of electronic cigarettes (EC) is a safer alternative to conventional cigarettes (CC). Methodology. Systematic literature review, following the PRISMA method, with a search in specific databases and the use of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results. Twelve relevant studies were selected, 7 cross-sectional, 4 cohort and 1 case-control. Increased risks during gestation associated with vaping are found, although of different magnitudes, and with contradictions in the reviewed literature. Discussion. Vaping during pregnancy is linked to an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes, such as low birth weight, preterm birth, and intrauterine growth restriction. Comparatively, women who used ECs presented greater risks than non-tobacco users, although cessation of their use reduced these risks. Regarding the comparison between CC and EC, there is contradictory evidence. However, conclusions are limited by reliance on self-reported data, sample size, and the potential influence of uncontrolled confounding factors. These limitations underscore the need for further research to clarify the full impact of vaping during pregnancy.
ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННЫЙ И ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ НЕКОТОРЫХ ВИДОВ ГАЗАХСКОГО КОВРА «БОРЧАЛЫ»
Authors: Рзаева Салтанат , Салимов Ялчин 
Published: September 2024

Аннотация. Статья посвящена исследованию четырех ковров «Борчалы», хранящихся в коллекции Азербайджанского национального музея ковра. Цель исследования – выявить с помощью художественного и технического анализа основные типологические черты некоторых видов ковра «Борчалы», относящегося к Гянджа-Газахскому типу азербайджанского ковра.
Основное внимание художественного анализа было уделено форме, структуре медальона и его элементарной единице как наиболее информативной и значимой части для атрибуции данных ковров.
В результате исследования выявлено использование родственных медальонов вертикальной и крестообразной форм. Обнаружено, что основные орнаментальные формы, образующие медальон, как и второстепенные мотивы, заполняющие поле ковра, являются общими для исследуемых нами вариантов ковра «Борчалы». Также в образовании обрамляющих медальонов констатировано применение принципа «бесфоновой организации изобразительных форм» (БОИФ). В исследовании получена информация о ряде характерных черт, составляющих типологическую особенность медальонов. Выдвинута гипотеза о том, что вертикальная составляющая медальона является важным устойчивым признаком исследуемых медальонов, указывающим на их архаичность по сравнению с крестообразными медальонами данного ковра.
Установлено, что колорит данных ковров составлен из ограниченного числа цветов, где красный, белый и синий (и его оттенки) являются доминирующими.
Технический анализ структуры ковров показал, что в целом они соответствуют характеристикам типичных газахских ковров.
Training and Developing Physician-Scientist Careers to Enhance Medical Research in Ghana
Authors: Tetteh Edem M.A. , Lawson Henry , Koram Kwadwo , Sampane-Donkor Eric , Tette Amadea R.A. , Quarshie Alexander , Hodgson Abraham 
Published: September 2024

Summary
A physician-scientist is a medical doctor who combines clinical practice with research. They often work in academic medical centers, research institutions, or hospitals, where they split their time between treating patients and conducting research to advance medical knowledge, develop new treatments, and improve public health. Their work is well recognized as they are reported to constitute 37% of Nobel Prize winners in Physiology or Medicine, and several prize winners in Chemistry. However, regardless of how inherently fulfilling this may be, in Ghana and many other regions of the world, increasingly fewer doctors aspire to become physician-scientists. Currently, there is a lack of clarity regarding the path to becoming a physician-scientist in Ghana and other African nations. So, for the young doctor of today who wishes to embark on a research career, there are more questions than answers. The authors emphasize the need for structured programs, early commitment, and resource allocation to nurture the next generation of physician-scientists. They also examine the potential of integrating research-focused training into existing medical programs and the role of various stakeholders, such as universities and the Ministry of Health, in supporting these initiatives. The authors call for innovative approaches and strategic planning to enhance the capacity of Ghanaian doctors to pursue careers in medical research, ultimately contributing to global scientific advancement and improving healthcare in low and middle-income countries. They conclude that more needs to be done to develop more physician scientists.
Innovative Leadership of Educational Institution Administrators at Dhonburi Rajabhat University
Authors: Worapongpat Ntapat , Wongkumchai Tachakorn , Anuwatpreecha Tanarat 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aim: The objectives of this research are 1. To study the innovative leadership of educational institution administrators. Thonburi Rajabhat University and 2. To compare the innovative leadership of educational institution administrators. Thonburi Rajabhat University Classified by work experience and educational qualification This research is a survey research.
Materials and Methods: The population used in this research is teaching staff. Educational institution administrators Thonburi Rajabhat University, in the academic year 2023, numbering 270 people. The sample group is 127 teachers and administrators of the Thonburi Rajabhat University in the academic year 2022. The sample size was determined using the table. Cransy and Morgan Using stratified sampling. According to the proportion of the sample until the specified amount is reached The research method has 4 steps: 1) Study the research problem. 2) research design 3) Data collection 4) Analyze data writing a research report The tool used to collect data is a 5-level estimation questionnaire. Statistics used in data analysis include: 1) Frequency Percent 2) Mean 3) Standard Deviation 4) Test the hypothesis by using a t-test.
Results: The research results found that the Innovative leadership of educational institution administrators at Thonburi Rajabhat University found that Overall is at a high level in comparison to the innovative leadership of school administrators. Thonburi Rajabhat University Classified by work experience and educational qualification different Have opinions on the innovative leadership of educational institution administrators Thonburi Rajabhat University that are not different on all 4 sides.
Conclusion: Innovative leadership of educational institution administrators at Thonburi Rajabhat University Classified by work experience and educational qualification with different work experiences and different educational qualifications Overall each aspect is not different.
Classification of obstructive sleep apnea using bio-control feedback EEG biosensor device
Authors: Lennon Sean , Kulkarni Srushti 
Published: September 2024

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleeping disorder that can result in shortness of breath due to the relaxation of upper respiratory tract muscles while the patient is asleep. This leads to low blood oxygen saturation and, hence, apnea. OSA is associated with higher risks of hypertension, coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, cardiac failure, and stroke, affecting 5% of the global human population. Thus, early detection and treatment of OSA are crucial. Nowadays, OSA is diagnosed by analyzing EEG signals. Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals are important for monitoring brain activity; this paper focuses on patients with OSA. Unfavorable spikes in the graph, such as head movements, electrical interferences, or even muscle spasms, may interfere with the general EEG frequencies being targeted. Our research was centered on designing a cost-effective electronic circuitry for this device that would efficiently acquire and process EEG signals. We used various methods to improve the device's functionality and accuracy, including rectifications in noise reduction, signal filtering, and structural correction through ICA decomposition. ⁤⁤Our system, theoretically, achieved a high accuracy rate of 97.14% using Support Vector Machines.
Peran Guru Sebagai Administrator di Sekolah
Authors: Dian Suci Oktafiami  , Miftahir Rizqa  
Published: September 2024

Teachers have an important role in education, not only as teachers, but also as administrators in schools. This dual role requires teachers to have various competencies, both in pedagogy and management. As administrators, teachers have the responsibility to manage various important aspects of the school, such as: Developing lesson plans, assessing student learning progress, and making learning outcome reports. Managing classroom budgets, creating financial reports and applying for funds. Managing teacher and staff data, assisting with the recruitment process and resolving staffing issues. Maintain and care for school facilities and infrastructure, make damage reports, and apply for procurement of goods. Establish communication with parents, school committees and the surrounding community. In the context of education, the role of teachers as administrators in schools plays a very important role in managing various aspects of school activities. Teachers are not only tasked with teaching, but also as leaders in organizing school administration, including curriculum planning, supervising student activities and managing resources. With good administrative skills, teachers can create an effective and efficient learning environment, ensure all processes run smoothly, and make a positive contribution to the school's progress and overall student achievement.
FINANCIAL CRISIS AND INSTABILITY
Authors: Yahaya Abdullahi Aduagba 
Published: September 2024

Financial crises and instability are common occurrences in the world economy, and they have significant effects on both developed and developing nations. The numerous causes of financial crises and the ensuing instability in the financial markets are thoroughly examined. It explains the theoretical foundations of financial crises, going over important ideas including market bubbles, excessive leverage, and regulatory shortcomings
The paper also looks into how regulations and governmental actions can either exacerbate or lessen financial crises, how financial institutions contribute to systemic risk propagation and how interconnected they are. It looks at how the spread of crises across borders and asset classes can aggravate their severity through the contagion effect. It also covers the socio-economic fallout from financial crises, such as social unrest, income inequality, and unemployment.
The summary concludes by highlighting how crucial it is to have strong regulatory control and proactive risk management to avert and lessen future financial disasters. It promotes a comprehensive strategy that blends international collaboration, regulatory changes, and responsible risk-taking to promote long-term economic growth and stability in a global financial system that is becoming more linked.
Revisiting new cements and building materials in the current contexts
Authors: Чаттерджи А 
Published: September 2024

Определение того, какой цемент или вяжущий материал является новым, в высшей степени субъективно, поскольку это понимание тесно связано со временем, местом и контекстом применения. Можно ли по-прежнему говорить о новизне каких-то разновидностей портландцемента, или новыми следует считать только другие цементные системы, — это предмет бесконечного обсуждения. За последние 200 лет были разработаны составы трех основных семейств цементов — портландских, глиноземистых и кальциево-сульфоалюминатных. Порт­ландцементы намного превзошли остальные виды цементов по объемам мирового производства и коммерческого применения. Тем не менее продолжается поиск новых «производных» материа­лов, относящихся к портландцементам, — о них идет речь и в настоящем обзоре. Существует и потенциал для создания цементов и вяжущих материалов на основе двух других семейств, предназначенных для узкоспециализированных применений, такие примеры также рассмотрены в данном обзоре. Наконец, в нем описаны совершенно новые вяжущие материалы, которые разрабатываются для решения проблем, связанных с изменением климата из-за выбросов CO2. В обзор включены наиболее перспективные исследования в этой области. Однако во избежание чрезмерного объема обзора за его рамками были оставлены новинки, относящиеся к бетону и вяжущим негидравлического твердения.
Revisiting new cements and building materials in the current contexts It is highly subjective to decipher which cement or a binding material is new, as this understanding is intimately linked with time, space and context of application. Whether the genre of Portland cements can still have some novelty in their derivatives or only other cement systems qualify to be new are issues for unending discourse. Interestingly, in the last two hundred years three generic families of cement have been invented – Portland, Calcium Aluminate and Calcium Sulfo-aluminate cements. Of these three, Portland types have by far surpassed the other two in terms of world production and commercial applications. Yet there is no end to finding newer derivatives in the Portland cements family, which have been dealt with in this article. The other two varieties have the potential of offering cements and binding materials for niche applications, which have as well been touched upon in this paper. Finally, altogether new binding materials that are being developed to meet the challenges of mitigating the problems of climate change due to carbon dioxide emission have been looked into. The more promising researches in this field have been included. However, for brevity, the novelties in the sphere of concrete as well as the non-hydraulic chemical systems have been kept outside the purview of this treatise.
Investigation of synthesis of some ionic liquids from nitrogen compounds and fatty acids of waste oils
Authors: Bui Thi Le Thuy  , Pham Trung Kien  , Ngo Thanh Hai  , Nguyen Khac Long  , Ngo Ha Son  , Uong Thi Ngoc Ha  
Published: September 2024

In order to reduce the environmental pollution and the dependence on fossil fuel resource which is depleting, the utilization of waste vegetable oils for preparation of valuable products are of concern. Four ionic liquids triethyl ammonium carboxylate ([TEA][WO]), octyl ammonium carboxylate ([OcA][WO]), trialkyl methyl ammonium carboxylate ([Aliquat][WO]) and n-octyl methyl imidazolium carboxylate ([OMIM][WO]) were synthesized from four different nitrogen compounds and fatty acids of waste vegetable oils. The influence of some parameters such as solvent, reaction temperature, reaction time and molar ratio of acid and nitrogen compound (NC) on ionic liquid synthesis yields was investigated. The results show that the structure of nitrogen compounds effects on the synthesis performance and governs the parameters of processes. This is due to the nitrogen compounds as starting materials control not only their activity in reaction with fatty acids but also the solubility and the melting points of corresponding ionic liquids. Certain suitable conditions were chosen for each ionic liquid.
مستوى كفاءة المشرفين التربويين في ضوء احتياجاتهم التدريبية وفقاً لمعايير الجودة الشاملة
Authors: قدال عبد العاطي , أبو ليلة حسين , أبو خلف الله محمود 
Published: September 2024

هدفت إلى التعرف كفاءة المشرفين التربويين في المحافظات الجنوبية لفلسطين في وفقاً لمعايير الجودة الشاملة. واستخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، واستخدم الباحث استبانتين في جمع بيانات الدراسة ونتجت عن الدراسة أنَّ مستوى أداء المشرفين التربويين من وجهة نظر المعلمين جاءت بوزن نسبي (75.41%) وبدرجة تقدير كبيرة، وأظهرت النتائج أنَّه لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في استجابات أفراد عينة الدراسة لمستوى أداء المشرفين التربويين تبعاً لمتغير الجنس وتوجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية تبعاً لمتغيرات سنوات الخبرة والمنطقة التعليمية والمرحلة التدريبية، وأظهرت النتائج أن واقع الاحتياجات التدريبية للمشرفين التربويين من وجهة نظرهم جاء بوزن نسبي (49.30%) بدرجة تقدير (قليلة) وأظهرت النتائج وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في استجابات أفراد عينة الدراسة لدرجة الاحتياجات التدريبية للمشرفين التربويين تبعاً لمتغير الجنس وسنوات الخبرة والمنطقة التعليمية وعدم وجود فروق تبعاً لمتغير المؤهل العلمي.
وأوصت الدراسة بتطوير معايير اختيار المشرفين التربويين وإجراء المقابلات المعمقة والاعتماد على تقارير الأداء السابقة في عملية الاختيار لاختيار مشرف تربوي تتحقق فيه سمات المشرف التربوي الجسمية والخلقية والنفسية. وأوصت بعقد دورات تتعلق باستخدام المشرفين للتربويين للتكنولوجيا الحديثة بما فيها الانترنت والحاسوب، وعقد دورات تدريبية متخصصة تتعلق بموضوعات إعداد الخطة الاستراتيجية وأوصت بالتنسيق مع المعهد الوطني للتدريب لتدريب المشرفين التربويين في موضوعات مهارات البحث التطبيقي.
الانزياح في المقامة البغدادية- دراسة تحليلية
Authors: السكافي حلى 
Published: September 2024

تعدّ المقامة فنًا نثريًا فيه مقوّمات القصّة القصيرة، تعكس الحالة الاجتماعية والسياسية والفكرية والأدبية في العصر العبّاسي، وتتّسم بالواقعيّة والثراء اللغويّ، وتتحدّث بشكل عام عن التسوّل والكدية والحيلة في الحصول على المال، وكان عنوان المقامة المدروسة في هذا المقال: ( المقامة البغدادية) فهنا إشارة إلى الوضع في بغداد الذي تسبّب بسبب الفقر إلى الحيلة والتسوّل. فهي تعكس طبيعة الحياة في القرن الرابع الهجري الذي كان مليئًا بالاضطرابات السياسيّة والمذهبيّة، ممّا أدّى إلى حدوث فقر شديد انتشرت بسببه الحِيَل في كسب المال. وفي هذا المقال ترغب الباحثة بدراسة هذه المقامة دراسةً أسلوبيّة مركّزة على الانزياح الذي ظهر بنوعيه الدلالي والتركيبي في هذه المقامة، ويظهر في تحليلها إيراد الجمل والكلمات التي برز فيها عنصر الانزياح جليًّا واضحًا.
تعدّ المقامة فنًا نثريًا فيه مقوّمات القصّة القصيرة، تعكس الحالة الاجتماعية والسياسية والفكرية والأدبية في العصر العبّاسي، وتتّسم بالواقعيّة والثراء اللغويّ، وتتحدّث بشكل عام عن التسوّل والكدية والحيلة في الحصول على المال، وكان عنوان المقامة المدروسة في هذا المقال: ( المقامة البغدادية) فهنا إشارة إلى الوضع في بغداد الذي تسبّب بسبب الفقر إلى الحيلة والتسوّل. فهي تعكس طبيعة الحياة في القرن الرابع الهجري الذي كان مليئًا بالاضطرابات السياسيّة والمذهبيّة، ممّا أدّى إلى حدوث فقر شديد انتشرت بسببه الحِيَل في كسب المال. وفي هذا المقال ترغب الباحثة بدراسة هذه المقامة دراسةً أسلوبيّة مركّزة على الانزياح الذي ظهر بنوعيه الدلالي والتركيبي في هذه المقامة، ويظهر في تحليلها إيراد الجمل والكلمات التي برز فيها عنصر الانزياح جليًّا واضحًا.
Pengaruh Brand Image Dan Label Halal Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Kosmetik Pada Mahasiswa Sarjana Terapan Farmasi
Authors: Friska Adelia S  
Published: September 2024

ABSTRAK
Kosmetik adalah produk yang menunjang penampilan fisik konsumen khususnya wanita agar terlihat lebih menarik dan menambah kepercayaan diri, maraknya produk kosmetik yang diperjual belikan di pasaran mempengaruhi minat dan menjadikan konsumen lebih selektif dalam mengambil keputusan pembelian produk kosmetik yang tepat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui secara parsial dan simultan pengaruh Brand image dan Label Halal terhadap keputusan pembelian kosmetik pada Mahasiswa Sarjana Terapan Farmasi Poltekkes Kemenkes Makassar. Metode penelitian bersifat deskriptif cross-sectional. dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu Stratified Proportional Sampling, diperoleh 120 responden terdiri dari angkatan 2018, 2019, 2020 dan 2021. Data penelitian diperoleh dari hasil kuesioner yang dibagikan secara online dan diolah menggunakan SPSS 21. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial (uji t) dan simultan (uji f) pada variabel brand image dan label halal, berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian kosmetik. Hal ini juga didukung oleh hasil distribusi jawaban responden menunjukkan kategori sangat baik terhadap semua variabel.
Kata Kunci : Brand image, Label Halal dan Keputusan Pembelian
ABSTRACT
Cosmetics are products that support the physical appearance of consumers, especially women to make them look more attractive and increase self-confidence, the proliferation of cosmetic products traded in the market affects interest and makes consumers more selective in making the right purchasing decisions for cosmetic products. The purpose of this study was to determine partially and simultaneously the effect of Brand image and Halal Label on cosmetic purchasing decisions for undergraduate students of Applied Pharmacy Poltekkes, Ministry of Health Makassar. The research method is descriptive cross-sectional. with a sampling technique, namely Stratified Proportional Sampling, 120 respondents were obtained consisting of the 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021 classes. The research data were obtained from the results of questionnaires distributed online and processed using SPSS 21. The results showed that partially (t test) and Simultaneous (f test) on brand image and halal label variables, has a significant effect on cosmetic purchasing decisions. This is also supported by the results of the distribution of respondents' answers that show a very good category for all variables.
Keywords: Brand image, Halal Label and Purchase Decision