bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ABVE-PC and modified BEACOPP regimen in Indian children with Hodgkin lymphoma: Feasibility and efficacy
Authors: Jayabose Somasundaram , Viswanathan Kasi , Kumar Vignesh , Annamalai Annapoorani , Srinivasan Arathi , Scott Julius Xavier , Rathnam Krishnakumar 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Aims: To study the toxicity of ABVE-PC (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vincristine, etoposide, prednisone and cyclophosphamide) and modified-BEACOPP (bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide,vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone) in intermediate-risk and high-risk Hodgkin lymphoma patients. Methods: High-risk patients received 4 cycles of modified-BEACOPP (m-BEACOPP) plus 4 cycles of ABVD. Intermediate-risk patients received 4 cycles of ABVE-PC plus 2 cycles of ABVD. Results: From 2010 to 2014, 17 patients received 66 cycles of m-BEACOPP and 9 patients received 40 cycles of ABVE-PC. In the m-BEACOPP and ABVE-PC courses, respectively, significant thrombocytopenia (<50,000/mm3) occurred in 10.6% vs 0% of courses; anemia (Hb. <8 gm/dl) in 27.3% vs 15%; neutropenia (ANC<500/mm3) in 46.9% vs 32.5%; and febrile neutropenia in 33.3% vs. 22.5%. Only episode of documented infection (hepatic abscess) occurred in ABVE-PC. There were no episodes of sepsis, typhlitis or pneumonia in either group. All 26 patients are in remission with a median follow-up of 35 months (range, 17-61); and there have been no relapses. Two of 26 (7.7%) patients failed to achieve rapid early response after 2 cycles and complete remission after 4 cycles of chemotherapy; both achieved remission with more intensive regimens followed by radiation. The remaining 24 patients did not receive radiation therapy. Conclusions: Both m-BEACOPP and ABVE-PC regimens have acceptable toxicity; and thus can be used in most centres with optimum supportive care facilities. They offer promising response rate and relapse free survival without the need for radiation therapy in most patients; and thus may be considered for children with high-risk and intermediate-risk Hodgkin lymphoma.
Estimation of tumor volume and its prognostic significance to study the biological behavior of carcinoma of cervix
Authors: Dawson Leelavathi , Garg Ketan , Choudhary Sakshi 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess a correlation between tumor volume, the spread and metastatic potential of the tumor.
Materials and Methods: A prospective study was done on 40 cases of carcinoma of cervix with stage IIb or less. The hysterectomy specimens alongwith the lymph nodes were sent to the histopathology department. Clinical details were taken from gynecology department. Hematoxylin and eosin slides were prepared and seen. Tumor volume was calculated by using the formula TV = π/6×Length×Width×Depth. Immunohistochemistry for Fibronectin and LN5 was also done.
Results: The median age of the patients in this group was 47.5 years, with a range of 30–80 years. The major histological type of carcinoma among 40 cases is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (in 90% of cases), and 10% had adenocarcinoma. Pathological staging of the carcinoma cervix showed stage Ib, IIa, IIb, and IVa (35%, 20%, 40%, and 5%). Tumor volume estimated on pathological specimens of 40 cases ranged from 230 cumm to 49,760 cumm with a mean of 14,844 cumm. 12 (30%) cases had tumor volume more than 15,000 cumm, 12 (30%) cases had tumor volume <5000 cumm and 16 (40%) cases had tumor volume between 5000 and 15,000 cumm. 17% of the tumors with tumor volume <5000 cumm showed lymph node metastases, whereas 67% (out of 12cases) of cases with tumor volume more than 15,000 cumm showed lymph node metastases. 67% of the tumors with tumor volume <5000 cumm showed 0/4 organs involvement, whereas all cases with tumor volume more than 15,000 cumm showed more than one organ involvement among vagina, uterus, parametrium or bladder/rectum. Fibronectin positivity was seen in 22 out of 44 cases (55%). Macrophages were seen surrounding the group of tumor cells by LN5 immunostaining.
Conclusion: Tumor volume can be considered as an independent prognostic factor to assess the spread of the tumor. Cases with tumor volume <5000 cumm show low risk in terms of parametrial involvement and lymph node metastasis and those with tumor volume more than 15,000 cumm showed more organ spread. Fibronectin positivity carries some importance in low-risk cases. For macrophages, further detailed study needs to be carried out.
Investigating the Selectivity of KcsA Channel by an Image Charge Solvation Method (ICSM) in Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Baker Katherine , Chen Duan , Cai Wei 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we study the selectivity of the potassium channel KcsA by a recently developed image-charge solvation method (ICSM) combined with molecular dynamics simulations. The hybrid solvation model in the ICSM is able to demonstrate atomistically the function of the selectivity filter of the KcsA channel when potassium and sodium ions are considered and their distributions inside the filter are simulated. Our study also shows that the reaction field effect, explicitly accounted for through image charge approximation in the ICSM model, is necessary in reproducing the correct selectivity property of the potassium channels.
Nerve Injuries in Total HIP Arthroplasty with a Mini Invasive Anterior Approach
Authors: Macheras George A. , Christofilopoulos Panayiotis , Lepetsos Panagiotis , Leonidou Andreas O. , Anastasopoulos Panagiotis P. , Galanakos Spyridon P. 
Published: April 2016

Purpose Minimal invasive techniques in total hip arthroplasty (THA) have become increasingly popular during recent years. Despite much debate over the outcome of several minimal invasive techniques, complications arising from the use of anterior minimally invasive surgery (AMIS) for THA on a traction table are not well documented. Our study aims to focus on nerve damage during the AMIS procedure and the possible explanations of these injuries. Methods We reviewed all primary THAs performed with the AMIS technique using a traction table, over 5 years and recorded all intraoperative and postoperative complications up to the latest follow-up. We focused on nerve injuries and nerve function impairment following the aforementioned technique. Results Our study included 1,512 THAs performed with the AMIS technique in 2 major hip reconstruction centres (KAT General Hospital, Athens, Greece and University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland), on 1,238 patients (985 women, 253 men; mean age 65.24 years). Mean follow-up was 29.4 months. We observed 51 cases of transient lateral femoral cutaneous nerve neuropraxia (3.37%), 4 cases of femoral nerve paralysis (3 permanent, 1 transient [0.26%]) and 1 case of permanent sciatic nerve paralysis (0.06%). No case of obturator or pudendal nerve injury was noticed. Mean age of these cases was 68.97 years. Sciatic and femoral nerve injuries were confirmed by electromyography, showing axonotmesis of the damaged nerve. Conclusions Neurological injuries are a rare but distinct complication of THAs using the AMIS technique. Possible explanations for such referred nerve injuries are direct nerve injury, extreme traction, hyperextension, extreme external rotation of the leg, use of retractors and coexisting spinal deformities. Controlled use of traction in hip extension, cautious use of retractors and potential use of dynamometers may be useful, so that neurological damage can be avoided. Further studies are needed to fully elucidate the role of the above factors in AMIS neurological complications.
Arteriovenous Fistula Construction with the VasQ™ External Support Device: A Pilot Study
Authors: Chemla Eric , Velazquez Carmen C. , D'Abate Fabrizio , Ramachandran Veni , Maytham Gary 
Published: April 2016

Background and objective Arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) are currently the gold standard for access, exhibiting the best combination of a low complication profile with a long patency period and attractive pricing. Despite a steady increase in the use of autogenous AVF in recent years, there is still a high rate of non-maturation of native fistulas. VasQ™ (Laminate Medical Technologies, Israel) is an external support device for AVFs designed to improve flow and reduce neointimal hyperplasia at the anastomotic site. Preliminary data are presented of its use, assessing its safety and efficacy for brachiocephalic AVFs in haemodialysis patients. Design, setting, participants and measurements A single institution study of VasQ™ use was conducted with placement of the device in patients undergoing a brachiocephalic fistula, followed for 6 months. The VasQ™ was available in three sizes and was deployed externally over the fistula. Patients were assessed for flow, maturation and patency at 1, 3 and 6 months by Doppler ultrasonography. Results Twenty patients were implanted. Mean venous flow at 1, 3 and 6 months was 1130, 1426 and 1304 mL/min, respectively. Primary patency rates for these time periods were 95%, 79% and 79%, respectively, with unassisted maturation rates of 80%, 79% and 74%, respectively. There were no device-related serious adverse events. At the end of the follow-up period, 14/15 patients requiring dialysis were able to use the AVF. Conclusions VasQ™ is safe with high unassisted maturation and patency rates. The device may prevent perianastomotic stenosis, the leading cause of AVF failure.
“Life Is a Casting Off” inDeath of a Salesman
Authors: Baker Christopher 
Published: April 2016

AbstractLinda Loman's statement in Arthur Miller's Death of A Salesman that “Life is a casting off” adds meaning to the play in several senses, especially when considered in the context of her needlework. This term means to finish off a completed, knitted item and thus conveys an affirmative sense of accomplishment as well as a more somber recognition of loss. It expresses Linda's effort to unify her family through her domestic duties and frugality. She has also overcome being “cast off” by Willy's infidelities and continually hopes that Willy might, like Ben, “cast off” on new voyages of success. The aphorism expresses the Lomans' upwardly mobile striving in a statement typical of the play's mixed diction that mingles their lower-class origins and lofty social expectations.
Listening to the Lomans
Authors: Brucher Richard 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
These Notes describe impressions made on the actor playing Ben by a community production of Death of a Salesman at the northern frontier of Willy's New England territory in January 2015. The action played out in an intimate, three-level acting space in an 85 seat, octagonal theater converted from a stock judging pavilion on the University of Maine campus. For Ben, who heard the production repeatedly but did not view it, this Salesman became a vivid radio play, a rich array of voices and rhythms, at once colloquial and mannered, lyrical and dissonant, affectionate and cruel. This production captured particularly well the play's fluid time. Scene changes, sound, and lighting revealed how past and present collided and merged; but Willy and Linda's familiarities with one another's quirks, desires, and rants evoked years of family life in between. Playing Ben proved to be a lark in act 1, full of swagger; but playing Ben in act 2 proved difficult, having to be sold on Willy's suicide but realizing by the end fraternal love for his kid brother. To Ben's ear, this production's poignant, energetic domesticity gave it a persuasive reality rising out of dream.
The Case of the Hooked-g Scribe(s) and the Production of Middle English Literature, c. 1460–c. 1490
Authors: Mosser Daniel W. , Mooney Linne R. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This article and the one by Holly James-Maddocks in this issue demonstrate how different approaches to examining a group of similar manuscripts—paleographical, dialectal, and art historical—applied in combination can provide a better understanding of the circumstances surrounding their production. We employ the first two of these approaches to examine the group of manuscripts attributed to the so-called “hooked-g scribe” (or scribes) to distinguish two primary hands and to identify a circle of scribes associated with them through shared exemplars and artists (see James-Maddocks's article).
What We Talk About When We Talk About Poe
Authors: Faflik David 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Poe's tales have been known to elicit responses in readers that range from the critical and incisive to the creative and imaginative. What follows is a purposeful (and playful) illustration of a response to Poe that collapses these very categories of reception. On the one hand, Poe's prose writing persuades readers to practice the kind of logical responsiveness that the author himself embodied in his capacity as a critic, and that the more clear-eyed incarnations among his characters and narrators intermittently model in the sober opposition they offer to the improbable and uncanny. On the other hand, Poe's short fiction can occupy an interpretive position akin to compulsion, crafted as it frequently is to induce readers to relax the defenses with which they would normally meet the author's signature exaggerations. Considering the insinuating appeal of the latter response, we might with some justification consider a telling selection of Poe's stories to qualify as a form of captivity narrative. For in their encounters with these works readers often find that their critical instincts are slowly eroded; they are in consequence left “captive” to a pleasing species of release that depends on their submitting to a determining will other than their own.
ATIVIDADE RESPIRATÓRIA DE MERISTEMAS APICAIS DE RAMOS PLAGIOTRÓPICOS DE <i>Araucaria angustifolia</i> (Bertol.) Kuntze
Authors: Pereira Gabriely Pinto , Zanette Flávio , Biasi Luiz Antonio , Carvalho Ruy Inacio Neiva de 
Published: April 2016

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509821113 Araucaria angustifolia apresenta redução da taxa de crescimento durante o ano, podendo ser resposta às condições ambientais desfavoráveis, como ocorre nas fruteiras de clima temperado, que apresentam dormência de gemas como forma de sobrevivência. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a dinâmica da atividade respiratória de meristemas apicais de ramos plagiotrópicos de Araucaria angustifolia. Foram coletadas amostras de 0,4 g de brotações terminais de ramos plagiotrópicos de plantas jovens e adultas, as quais foram mantidas em 5 mL de solução de cloreto de 2,3,5 trifeniltetrazólio (1,2%) em sala de crescimento a 25°C. Em seguida, foram mantidas em 4 mL de álcool etílico absoluto para leitura por espectrofotometria da absorbância a 560 nm. A atividade respiratória de meristemas apicais de ramos plagiotrópicos de Araucaria angustifolia é variável durante o ano. A maior atividade respiratória ocorre na metade da primavera e a menor atividade respiratória ocorre no inverno, em plantas jovens e adultas. Plantas adultas permanecem em alta atividade respiratória por um período maior, até o início do verão.
Archives et réemploi dans les films expérimentaux1
Authors: Winand Annaëlle 
Published: April 2016

Dans son article, Annaëlle Winand nous expose à l’utilisation des archives par les artistes de réemploi expérimentaux dans les films et les vidéos. En faisant un survol de la littérature contemporaine sur le sujet, l’auteure cherche à identifier les préoccupations des chercheurs. Quel intérêt les artistes portent-ils aux documents d’archives ? Quels enjeux sont liés à la mixité du cinéma et des archives ? L’auteure évoque d’abord l’atteinte d’un consensus sur la définition de que l’on entend par le concept d’« archive ». Elle fait aussi état d’une structure d’analyse commune à la littérature sur le sujet : la temporalité, l’historicité et la mémoire, toutes trois communes aux archives et au cinéma. Enfin, elle insiste sur la nécessité de la collaboration entre artistes, archivistes et chercheurs, afin de comprendre l’archive en elle-même, mais aussi les problématiques, typiquement pratiques, et reliées à son utilisation, telle que la préservation, la conservation ou l’accès et ce, particulièrement à l’ère du numérique.L’utilisation des archives dans les films par les artistes de réemploi expérimentaux est particulièrement intéressante parce que ces derniers voient les documents d’archives en dehors de leur contexte et savent les interpréter sous un nouveau jour.
Protein crystallization with paper
Authors: Matsuoka Miki , Kakinouchi Keisuke , Adachi Hiroaki , Maruyama Mihoko , Sugiyama Shigeru , Sano Satoshi , Yoshikawa Hiroshi Y. , Takahashi Yoshinori , Yoshimura Masashi , Matsumura Hiroyoshi , Murakami Satoshi , Inoue Tsuyoshi , Mori Yusuke , Takano Kazufumi 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
We developed a new protein crystallization method that incorporates paper. A small piece of paper, such as facial tissue or KimWipes, was added to a drop of protein solution in the traditional sitting drop vapor diffusion technique, and protein crystals grew by incorporating paper. By this method, we achieved the growth of protein crystals with reducing osmotic shock. Because the technique is very simple and the materials are easy to obtain, this method will come into wide use for protein crystallization. In the future, it could be applied to nanoliter-scale crystallization screening on a paper sheet such as in inkjet printing.
Graphitic cage transformation by electron-beam-induced catalysis with alkali-halide nanocrystals
Authors: Fujita Jun-ichi , Tachi Masashi , Ito Naoto , Murakami Katsuhisa , Takeguchi Masaki 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
We found that alkali-halide nanocrystals, such as KCl and NaCl, have strong catalytic capability to form graphitic carbon cages from amorphous carbon shells under electron beam irradiation. In addition to the electron beam irradiation strongly inducing the decomposition of alkali-halide nanocrystals, graphene fragments were formed and linked together to form the final product of thin graphitic carbon cages after the evaporation of alkali-halide nanocrystals. The required electron dose was approximately 1 to 20 C/cm2 at 120 keV at room temperature, which was about two orders of magnitude smaller than that required for conventional beam-induced graphitization. The “knock-on” effect of primary electrons strongly induced the decomposition of the alkali-halide crystal inside the amorphous carbon shell. However, the strong ionic cohesion quickly reformed the crystal into thin layers inside the amorphous shell. The bond excitation induced by the electron beam irradiation seemed to enhance strongly the graphitization at the interface between the outer amorphous carbon shell and the inner alkali-halide crystal.
Positional dependence of defect distribution in semipolar

hydride vapor phase epitaxy-GaN films grown on

patterned sapphire substrates
Authors: Uchiyama Toshiro , Takeuchi Shotaro , Kamada Shohei , Arauchi Takuji , Hashimoto Yasuhiro , Yamane Keisuke , Okada Narihito , Imai Yasuhiko , Kimura Shigeru , Tadatomo Kazuyuki , Sakai Akira 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
We have investigated the position dependence of crystalline quality and defect distribution in a semipolar

hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE)-GaN film grown on a

patterned sapphire substrate (PSS). Position-dependent X-ray microdiffraction (XRMD) measurement clearly revealed the periodic fluctuation of the

lattice plane tilting in HVPE-GaN films. This correlated with the periodic distribution of (a + c)-type dislocations owing to the patterning pitch of the PSS as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In the three-dimensional reciprocal lattice space map, the diffuse streak exactly along the c-axis can be clearly detected, indicating the presence of basal plane stacking faults in HVPE-GaN films. Furthermore, we have quantitatively estimated the defect densities from the results of XRMD and TEM measurements. From the obtained results of XRMD and TEM measurements, the fluctuation of the lattice plane tilting and the defect distribution in

HVPE-GaN films grown on two types of metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy-GaN templates will be discussed in detail.
Comparative study of (0001) and

InGaN based light emitting diodes
Authors: Pristovsek Markus , Humphreys Colin J. , Bauer Sebastian , Knab Manuel , Thonke Klaus , Kozlowski Grzegorz , O’Mahony Donagh , Maaskant Pleun , Corbett Brian 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
We have systematically investigated the doping of

with Si and Mg by metal–organic vapour phase epitaxy for light emitting diodes (LEDs). By Si doping of GaN we reached electron concentrations close to 1020 cm−3, but the topography degrades above mid 1019 cm−3. By Mg doping we reached hole concentrations close to 5 × 1017 cm−3, using Mg partial pressures about 3× higher than those for (0001). Exceeding the maximum Mg partial pressure led to a quick degradation of the sample. Low resistivities as well as high hole concentrations required a growth temperature of 900 °C or higher. At optimised conditions the electrical properties as well as the photoluminescence of

p-GaN were similar to (0001) p-GaN. The best ohmic p-contacts were achieved by NiAg metallisation. A single quantum well LED emitting at 465 nm was realised on (0001) and

. Droop (sub-linear increase of the light output power) occurred at much higher current densities on

. However, the light output of the (0001) LED was higher than that of

until deep in the droop regime. Our LEDs as well as those in the literature indicate a reduction in efficiency from (0001) over semi-polar to non-polar orientations. We propose that reduced fields open a loss channel for carriers.
Opportunities and challenges in GaN metal organic chemical vapor deposition for electron devices
Authors: Matsumoto Koh , Yamaoka Yuya , Ubukata Akinori , Arimura Tadanobu , Piao Guanxi , Yano Yoshiki , Tokunaga Hiroki , Tabuchi Toshiya 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The current situation and next challenge in GaN metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) for electron devices of both GaN on Si and GaN on GaN are presented. We have examined the possibility of increasing the growth rate of GaN on 200-mm-diameter Si by using a multiwafer production MOCVD machine, in which the vapor phase parasitic reaction is well controlled. The impact of a high-growth-rate strained-layer-superlattice (SLS) buffer layer is presented in terms of material properties. An SLS growth rate of as high as 3.46 µm/h, which was 73% higher than the current optimum, was demonstrated. As a result, comparable material properties were obtained. Next, a typical result of GaN doped with Si of 1 × 1016 cm−3 grown at the growth rate of 3.7 µm/h is shown. For high-voltage application, we need a thick high-purity GaN drift layer with a low carbon concentration, of less than 1016 cm−3. It is shown that achieving a high growth rate by precise control of the vapor phase reaction is still challenge in GaN MOCVD.