bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A local evaluation of the non-surgical oncology advanced practice curriculum framework
Authors: Clarkson Melanie , McDonald Fiona , Khine Ricardo 
Published: October 2024

Background: In the non-surgical oncology specialism, there are a number of healthcare professionals with unique knowledge, skills and attributes that have the potential to build on this foundation and have a positive impact on patient care and outcomes. The use of the wider healthcare workforce to support clinical services has been identified as a partial solution to the UK's projected shortfall of clinical and medical oncologists, and also provides opportunities for development of experienced healthcare professionals. In order to standardise education and training, promoting patient and practitioner safety, a speciality training framework is required. Aims: This article aims to assess the relevance of the curriculum framework for advanced practitioners in non-surgical oncology and to examine its associated implementation issues in Northern England. Methods: A qualitative study examined the perspectives of professionals currently working with, training, or working as advanced practitioners (APs) around the non-surgical oncology advanced practice (NSOAP) curriculum framework. Data were gathered via semi-structured interviews with 14 participants. Data were then analysed and themes were extracted. Results and discussion: Four overarching themes emerged: AP role description; the curriculum framework; barriers to the AP role; and enablers to the AP role. Conclusion: Overall, the NSOAP curriculum framework was welcomed by the participants as a required structured programme of education and training. The data highlighted some areas for further development around systemic anti-cancer therapies and onco-geriatrics. The wider implementation considerations also informed future dissemination plans for the NSOAP curriculum framework.
What are advanced clinical practitioners' expectations of the benefits of pursuing the role, and are these being realised?
Authors: Scott Vikki-Jo 
Published: October 2024

Background: Advanced clinical practitioners (ACPs) have been used worldwide to reform health services to address population needs. However, previous research identifies barriers that prevent the effective implementation of ACPs. Aims: To better understand the expectations ACPs have in relation to their roles, and to evaluate whether they are being met so that focused educational and policy initiatives can be developed to reduce gaps between expectation and reality. Methods: This online cross-sectional study uses a sequential, mixed-methods, exploratory design, in which themes identified from focus groups were used to construct a follow-up questionnaire. Some 291 UK participants were recruited via social media and ACP educational and policy networks. Exploratory data and reflexive thematic analysis were employed to probe and visualise results, drawing findings together into narrative synthesis. Findings: This research provides insight from a diverse group of ACPs of their lived experiences, aspirations and driving forces to either enter or remain working in the profession. Five themes were identified during focus group discussions: 1) clinical/non-clinical balance; 2) full use of knowledge, skills and experience; 3) leadership in quality improvement; 4) career progression; and 5) policy, vision and organisation. Gaps between ACPs' expectations and their lived experience of the role were identified. Conclusion: To achieve the expected growth of the ACP role, attention is needed to narrow the gaps between expectations and reality. This includes ringfencing non-clinical activity; enhancing opportunities for professional development, supervision and leadership; providing greater clarity in career planning; and embedding and evaluating efforts to standardise advanced clinical practice.
Internal evaluation of medical programs is more than housework: A scoping review
Authors: Kodagoda Gamage Sujani , Jowsey Tanisha , Bishop Jo , Forbes Melanie , Grant Lucy-Jane , Green Patricia , Houghton Helen , Links Matthew , Morgan Mark , Roehl Joan , Stokes-Parish Jessica 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
The aim of this scoping review was to explore current program evaluation practices across various medical schools.

Methods
We conducted searches in MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Elsevier) and ERIC (ed.gov) for original research and review articles related to medical education evaluation with key words evaluation, program, medical education, pre-registration, framework, curriculum, outcomes, evaluation, quality. We followed Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) process for scoping reviews.

Results
Thirty-two articles were included. Studies were primarily concerned with either proving (n = 21) or improving efficacy of their programs (n = 11). No studies aimed at comparing programs. Nine were literature reviews. Others aimed to develop a new evaluation model (n = 7) or apply (n = 12) or validate (n = 4) an existing model (or part thereof). Twenty-two studies explicitly identified an evaluation model they had used or would recommend. Most frequently used models for evaluation were: Context-Input-Process-Product, Kirkpatrick, World Federation Medical Education, and the Standards by Joint Committee on Standards for Educational Evaluation. Overall, evaluations were learner-focused and accreditation driven with a minority considering the broader influences of program success.

Conclusion
Program evaluation is fundamental to driving the quality of education delivered to produce workforce-ready healthcare professionals. The focus of current evaluations is on student experience and content delivery with a significant gap in the existing literature on evaluation related to staff, learner/staff well-being, equity, diversity, and meta evaluation.
Dietary calcium intake among Iranian adults: Iranian Multicenter Osteoporosis Study (IMOS-2021)
Authors: Ghazbani Arash , Namazi Nazli , Mansourzadeh Mohammad Javad , Khalagi Kazem , Ostovar Navid , Sanjari Mahnaz , Panahi Nekoo , Razi Farideh , Hajivalizadeh Fatemeh , Hajivalizadeh Sepideh , Hesari Elahe , Aghakhani Amirhossein , Farzadfar Farshad , Raiesi Alireza , Fahimfar Noushin , Ostovar Afshin 
Published: October 2024

Background
Adequate dietary consumption of calcium is crucial in the preservation of bone health and the prevention of osteoporosis. This study investigated the prevalence of insufficient dietary calcium intake among individuals aged ≥50 years in Iran.

Methods
We analyzed data from the Iranian Multicenter Osteoporosis Study (IMOS-2021). Participants aged 50 years and older completed a 168-item food frequency questionnaire. Insufficient dietary calcium intake was characterized as a daily calcium intake of <1000 mg for men aged 50–70 years, and <1200 mg for men over 70 years and women over 50 years and older. Stata v17 statistical software facilitated a survey set analysis to estimate the population’s mean and median dietary calcium intake and the prevalence of insufficient dietary calcium intake.

Results
The study included 1450 participants with a mean age of 60.7±7.9 years. The estimated mean dietary calcium intake in Iran was 1062.7 mg/day (95% CI: 1029.6–1095.8), with a median intake of 943.5 mg/d (95% CI: 910.5–976.4). The prevalence of insufficient dietary calcium intake in Iran was estimated to be 62.9% (95% CI: 60.0%-65.7%). Notably, the prevalence was higher among women at 75.5% (95% CI: 71.9%-78.8%), compared to men at 47.8% (95% CI: 43.4%-52.3%) with a significant difference (P<0.001). In age-related findings, individuals aged 65 years and older had a higher prevalence of insufficient intake, at 69.0% (95% CI: 63.9%-74.0%), versus those under 65 years, at 60.3% (95% CI: 56.9%-63.8%), with this difference being statistically significant (P = 0.007). Furthermore, a significant inverse relationship was identified between both educational years and socioeconomic status and the prevalence of insufficient dietary calcium intake (Ps for trends<0.001).

Conclusion
Our findings revealed a significant prevalence of insufficient dietary calcium intake in women and those aged 65 and older. We advocate for targeted public health strategies to ensure sufficient dietary calcium intake across these populations.
Psychological Distress Is Prevalent and Interdependent Among Patients With Decompensated Cirrhosis and Their Caregivers
Authors: Ufere Nneka N. , Zeng Chengbo , Donlan John , Shalev Daniel , Kaplan Alyson , Noll Alan , Liu Annie , Pintro Kedie , Horick Nora , Indriolo Teresa , Li Lucinda , Zhu Enya , Armstrong Malia E. , Mason Nancy , Engel Kirsten G. , Rowland Michaela , O'Brien Karen , Kenimer Sara , Diop Michelle S. , Jackson Vicki , Lai Jennifer C. , Chung Raymond T. , Jacobs Jamie M. , Edelen Maria O. , El-Jawahri Areej 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Little is known about the interdependence of psychological distress among patients with decompensated cirrhosis and their caregivers.

METHODS:
In this cross-sectional study, we examined the interdependence of psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) among 127 patient-caregiver dyads using Actor-Partner Interdependence Modeling.

RESULTS:
Among dyads, 26% had both partners reporting clinically significant anxiety and 18% reporting clinically significant depression. Caregiver anxiety significantly predicted patient depression (standardized β = 0.18, P = 0.03).

DISCUSSION:
Psychological distress was prevalent and interdependent among dyads. These results underscore the need to develop interventions to reduce psychological distress in both patients with decompensated cirrhosis and their caregivers.
Hepatic Steatosis Estimated by VCTE-Derived CAP Scores Was Associated With Lower Risks of Liver-Related Events and All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Chronic Liver Diseases
Authors: Kim Nicole J. , Vutien Philip , Borgerding Joleen A. , Beste Lauren A. , Li Muyi , Barnard-Giustini Abbey , Johnson Kay M. , Ioannou George N. 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION:
The controlled attenuated parameter (CAP) score derived from vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE, i.e., FibroScan) is a well-validated marker of hepatic steatosis. It is unclear whether CAP scores are associated with risks of liver-related outcomes or all-cause mortality.

METHODS:
In this retrospective cohort study, we identified 7,587 United States veterans (2,689 with cured hepatitis C [hepatitis C virus], 1,523 with alcohol-associated liver disease, and 3,375 with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease [MASLD]) who underwent VCTE between May 2015 and December 2021. We followed patients for new hepatic decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death from the VCTE date until January 1, 2022. Multivariable Cox-proportional hazards regression was used to assess for the associations between CAP measurements and clinical outcomes, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index, Charlson Comorbidity Index, diabetes, liver disease etiology, liver stiffness measurements, and Fibrosis-4 score, and was reported separately by disease etiology and advanced fibrosis status.

RESULTS:
Over a median follow-up time of ∼1.9 years, hepatic steatosis (grades 1–3 vs 0) was associated with a lower risk of death (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.70, 95% CI: 0.57–0.85). Among patients with MASLD, hepatic steatosis was associated with a lower risk of decompensation (aHR 0.54, 95% CI: 0.32–0.90) and death (aHR 0.52, 95% CI: 0.37–0.73). These associations persisted in subgroup analyses of patients with advanced fibrosis and without cirrhosis.

DISCUSSION:
Among patients who underwent VCTE in clinical practice, the presence of substantial hepatic steatosis estimated by the CAP score was associated with lower all-cause mortality among all patients and lower risk of decompensation and death among those with MASLD.
Proportion and characteristics of Helicobacter pylori-negative gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lv Xiu-He , Lu Qing , Liu Jia-Huan , Xia Bi-Han , Wang Zi-Jing , Wang Zhu , Yang Jin-Lin 
Published: October 2024

Background:
While Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is common in patients with gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, there are still individuals who test negative for it. The proportion and characteristics of these patients remain unclear.

Methods:
We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant articles. Using a random effects model, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the pooled proportion of gastric MALT lymphoma patients with negative H. pylori tests. Additionally, we compared characteristics between gastric MALT lymphoma patients with and without H. pylori infection to examine clinical features in H. pylori-negative cases.

Results:
A total of 50 studies involving 6033 patients were included. The overall proportion of gastric MALT lymphoma patients with negative H. pylori tests was 20.5% (95% confidence interval: 17.0%-24.6%). This rate exhibited an increasing trend over the years, particularly in non-Asian countries and in studies published after 2013, as well as in cases with sample sizes exceeding 100 participants, in male individuals, and among those with proximal or multiple lesions, non-superficial type morphology, submucosal invasion, and advanced clinical staging. Compared to H. pylori-positive patients, those who tested negative were more likely to be male, have proximal lesions, exhibit submucosal invasion, and present with an advanced clinical stage.

Conclusions:
This study provides comprehensive information on the proportion and characteristics of H. pylori-negative gastric MALT lymphoma cases, highlighting the need for future clinical attention to treatment and surveillance in this patient population.
Influence of AMY1 gene copy number on salivary amylase activity changes induced by exercise in young adults
Authors: Kobayashi Yui , Koibuchi Eri , Sakuraba Keishoku , Suzuki Yoshio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHuman salivary amylase secretion increases in response to stress; the activity has been reported to rise significantly with high‐intensity exercise. The human salivary amylase gene (AMY1) has copy number variation, with the copy number correlating with salivary amylase activity. However, the relationship between individual AMY1 copy number and salivary amylase activity in response to exercise remains unclear. In this study, we investigated AMY1 copy number and fluctuations in amylase activity in 42 healthy university students (25 males and 17 females). Participants engaged in intermittent round‐trip interval training on a basketball court. Saliva samples were collected pre‐ and post‐exercise to measure amylase activity. DNA was extracted from the oral mucosa, and AMY1 copy number was quantified using RT‐PCR. Results showed a significant increase in amylase activity postexercise. Additionally, amylase activity pre‐ and post‐exercise was positively correlated with AMY1 copy number. The generalize linear model showed that the exercise‐induced increase in amylase activity per AMY1 gene was negatively related to the AMY1 copy number and aerobic fitness. Gender has no effect on amylase activity. These results suggest a different mechanism for the constitutive and exercise‐induced amylase secretion, while aerobic fitness may be independently involved in the secretion.
Reverse care at the end of life
Authors: Jing Jun , Song Min 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study investigates the phenomenon of reverse care, characterized by the actions of terminally ill individuals who, despite their own suffering, attend to the well-being of other people and society at large. While end-of-life care has been widely studied, the phenomenon of reverse care remains largely unexplored, even though it reflects personal autonomy, compassion and sense of social responsibility among people nearing the end of their lives. By drawing on the Buddhist notion of merit transfer, we applied the concept of reverse care in analyzing 146 interviews conducted in 2023 with family caregivers and healthcare professionals in China. Our aim was to uncover how terminally ill individuals expressed concern for other people.

Methods
We employed a qualitative analysis of interview transcripts using NVIVO software. The transcripts were coded into 83 reference points, seven primary codes, four axial codes, and a core code, focusing on recalled events, personal anecdotes, reflections on interpersonal relationships, and vignettes of end-of-life situations.

Results
Evidence of reverse care was identified in 25 percent of the interviews. Among the 83 reference points, 61 related to caring for one's own family, while 22 highlighted concern for society, fellow patients and medical staff. Although a common form of reverse care was clearly identified with the protective attitude that terminally ill patients displayed towards their own families, a significant number of individuals expressed a deep sense of social responsibility, exemplified by actions such as showing compassion for fellow patients, expressing gratitude to medical staff, insisting on eco-friendly burials, arranging for organ donations or offering their bodies for medical research.

Conclusions
This study highlights a different approach to understanding how individuals approach their final days with dignity and purpose. It suggests that reverse care in end-of-life situations fosters a process of meaningful engagement with the world through death and thereafter.
Von der Wende zur Zeitenwende (1990–2020) in Dresden, Sachsen und beim Deutschen Bibliotheksverband
Authors: Schöller Hannah , Flemming Arend 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Mehr als 30 Jahre war Prof. Dr. Arend Flemming in der deutschen Bibliothekswelt aktiv. Neben der Leitung der Städtischen Bibliotheken Dresden war er sowohl im dbv Bundesverband als auch beim Landesverband Sachsen in führenden Positionen tätig. Besonders die Jahre nach der Wendezeit waren dabei prägend, aber auch insgesamt hat der ständige Wandel für sein Wirken immer eine Rolle gespielt. Im gemeinsamen Gespräch mit Hannah Schöller, seit 2024 Leiterin der Öffentlichkeitsarbeit an den Städtischen Bibliotheken Dresden, wagt er einen Blick auf das Erreichte in der Zeit von der Wende zur Zeitenwende.
6-Methoxyflavone improves anxiety, depression, and memory by increasing monoamines in mice brain: HPLC analysis and in silico studies
Authors: Arif Mehreen , Ur Rehman Naeem , Anjum Irfan , Rauf Khalid , Alotaibi Amal , Alhmidani Ghala 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
6-Methoxyflavone (6-MOF) is a flavonoid that has been reported to be a GABA-A receptor agonist and reverses cisplatin-induced hyperalgesia and allodynia. Considering the varied neuropharmacological profile of 6-MOF, this study was intended to determine the pharmacological effects of 6-MOF on locomotion, anxiety, novel object recognition (NOR), depression, spatial memory, socialization behavior, nest-building behavior, and depression in various groups of mice. Selected groups of mice were injected with 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg 6-MOF. Using HPLC-UV, the frontal cortex, striatum, and hippocampus of the sacrificed mice were analyzed for the levels of vitamin C, dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline, adenosine, and its metabolites. Statistical analysis showed significant results in socialization behavior and elevated plus maze with 75 mg/kg. In Y-maze, NOR 6-MOF showed significant results at all three doses, while in tail suspension test (TST), 50 and 75 mg/kg showed significant results; however, no statistical significance was observed in nest-building behavior; 50 and 75 mg/kg 6-MOF showed significant results in the Morris water maze. 6-MOF raised vitamin C levels in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Serotonin, dopamine, and nor-adrenaline levels were raised in the hippocampus and striatum. It has also imparted region-specific neuroprotection by improving adenosine and its metabolite levels. In silico studies performed using PyRx have shown that the minimum binding energy of 6-MOF with antioxidant enzyme is −7.1 k/cal/mol. The binding energy showed that 6-MOF was successfully docked with an anti-oxidant enzyme. In conclusion, in silico and behavioral studies showed that 6-MOF can be a potential candidate for the treatment of cognitive decline, anxiety, and depression.
Flow Field Analysis within Industrial Quenching Tanks Operated with Aqueous Polymer Solutions in the Steel Industry
Authors: Barbieri M. R. , Lübben Th. , Ebner G. , Buss L. , Riefler N. , Fritsching U. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Quenching with polymer solutions for steel heat treatment offers adjustable performance and improved ecological impact compared to conventional water or oil quenching. The submersion cooling operation poses challenges due to the intense vapor/polymer film collapse on the component surface, potentially destabilizing batch components. Therefore, controlled recirculation is critical to preventing tank and specimen damage during cooling and ensuring effective steel hardening. However, flow structure analysis is often overlooked and disregarded in industrial tank design. Thus, this study evaluates the tank geometries of two partner industries to determine if they provide the necessary homogeneous flow for optimal quenching. The analysis combines experimental velocity measurements with a numerical model, with the identification of different flow intensity regions being the main outcome of this work. The results suggest that geometric modifications could improve flow recirculation, enhancing quenching performance.
Solitary wave form of reaction rate in graphite diffusive medium using different neutron absorbers
Authors: Hosseinimotlagh Seyede Nasrin , Shakeri Abuzar , Zarei Mohammad Ali , Bayat Jahangir , Abbasi Kavoos , Rezaei Vahid Reza , Rasti Ehsan , Nesheli Ali Ghasempour , Vanaei Hamid Reza 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Graphite nuclear properties such as moderating power and absorption cross-section, are not as good as those of heavy water. But its pure form can be prepared. Its structural and thermal properties are good and it has a high thermal conductivity. The thermal neutron in graphite performs an average of 1,200 scattering collisions before it is absorbed. This very low absorption cross section makes graphite as an ideal material for applications in nuclear reactors. In the current research, graphite is assumed as a diffusive medium due to its low absorption cross-section (0.0035 b) and having a low mass close to the neutron mass. In this medium: Boron (10B), Cadmium (113Cd), Samarium (149Sm), Europium (151Eu), Hafnium (177Hf) and Gadolinium (157Gd), separately are also considered as neutron absorbers. The aim of this paper is obtaining the solitary wave form of reaction rate in graphite diffusive medium using these neutron absorbers.