bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rosuvastatin is Cost-Effective in Treating Patients to Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Goals Compared with Atorvastatin, Pravastatin and Simvastatin: Analysis of the Stellar Trial
Authors: Hirsch Mark , O'donnell John C. , Jones Peter 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundRosuvastatin calcium (CRESTOR®) has demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). However, healthcare providers and authorities require information on its cost-effectiveness in the treatment of dyslipidaemia.DesignA retrospective pharmacoeconomic analysis was performed using data from the Statin Therapies for Elevated Lipid Levels compared Across doses to Rosuvastatin (STELLAR) trial. The cost-effectiveness of rosuvastatin 10-40 mg was compared with atorvastatin 10-80 mg, pravastatin 10-40 mg and both branded and generic simvastatin 10-80 mg in achieving Third Joint European Task Force LDL-C goals in patients with hypercholesterolaemia.MethodsThe analysis was conducted from the perspective of the UK National Health Service, using clinical data from the STELLAR trial and drug acquisition costs. Cost-effectiveness was compared using incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs), with sensitivity analyses applied to both efficacy and cost parameters.ResultsIn terms of patients achieving goal, rosuvastatin 10 mg dominated (was more effective at equal or lower cost) atorvastatin 10 and 20 mg, pravastatin 20 and 40 mg, branded simvastatin 10-80 mg and generic simvastatin 40 and 80 mg. Where rosuvastatin 10 mg did not dominate, ICERs ranged from £36 to £162 per extra patient to goal. Rosuvastatin 20 and 40 mg were cost-effective compared with milligram-equivalent and higher doses of other branded statins. Sensitivity analyses showed that the results were robust to variations in both statin efficacy and price.ConclusionIn patients with hypercholesterolaemia, rosuvastatin is a cost-effective statin option in treating to LDL-C goals. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 12:18-28 © 2005 The European Society of Cardiology
Predicting Coronary Risk in UK South Asians: An Adjustment Method for Framingham-Based Tools
Authors: Aarabi Mohsen , Jackson Peter R. 
Published: May 2017

Background Although people of South Asian descent appear to be at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to the general population there is no validated tool for predicting risk in this group. Design This study was based on an analysis of data from the Health Survey for England (HSE) 1998 and 1999 to identify a simple method for adjusting the Framingham equation to estimate coronary risk in South Asians which could be then applied to existing simple paper-based tools. Methods The different adjustments investigated were fixed increments to the age, total cholesterol (TC), and TC: high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio and multipliers for the TC: HDL cholesterol ratio. Framingham risk modified according to a factor derived from an earlier overview of prospective studies was used as a standard to estimate sensitivity and specificity of adjustment methods. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) plot was used to compare the different adjustments in the primary role of identifying individuals above or below a given risk threshold. Results All adjustment methods produced a graded monotonic increase of coronary risk in 4497 eligible subjects from the HSE 1998 dataset. Multiplying TC: HDL cholesterol ratio gave the largest area under the ROC curve. However adding 10 years to the age of South Asian people was the simplest way of calculating coronary heart disease risk using paper-based methods and still provided acceptable accuracy. Conclusion Our result should be used to achieve the systematic evaluation of each individual for primary prevention of CHD in South Asians in primary care. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 12:46-51 © 2005 The European Society of Cardiology
Can visual assessment of blood flow patterns by dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography distinguish between malignant and benign lung tumors?
Authors: Harders Stefan Walbom , Madsen Hans Henrik , Nellemann Hanne Marie , Rasmussen Torben Riis , Thygesen Jesper , Hager Henrik , Andersen Niels Trolle , Rasmussen Finn 
Published: May 2017

Background Dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (DCE-CT) is a tool, which, in theory, can quantify the blood flow and blood volume of tissues. In structured qualitative analysis, parametric color maps yield a visual impression of the blood flow and blood volume within the tissue being studied, allowing for quick identification of the areas with the highest or lowest blood flow and blood volume. Purpose To examine whether DCE-CT could be used to distinguish between malignant and benign lung tumors in patients with suspected lung cancer. Material and Methods Fifty-nine patients with suspected lung cancer and a lung tumor on their chest radiograph were included for DCE-CT. The tumors were categorized using structured qualitative analysis of tumor blood flow patterns. Histopathology was used as reference standard. Results Using structured qualitative analysis of tumor blood flow patterns, it was possible to distinguish between malignant and benign lung tumors (Fisher–Freeman–Halton exact test, P = 0.022). The inter-reader agreement of this method of analysis was slight to moderate (kappa = 0.30; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.13–0.46). Conclusion DCE-CT in suspected lung cancer using structured qualitative analysis of tumor blood flow patterns is accurate as well as somewhat reproducible. However, there are significant limitations to DCE-CT.
Potential factors influencing recovery from concussion in collegiate student-athletes
Authors: Harvey Kayla P , Hall Eric E , Patel Kirtida , Barnes Kenneth P , Ketcham Caroline J 
Published: May 2017

Background Factors including sex, previous diagnosis of migraines, previous diagnosis of Attention Deficit Disorder/Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and a history of concussion may influence the length of recovery from concussion in collegiate student-athletes. Purpose To better understand factors that may influence recovery from concussion in collegiate-student athletes. Methods A total of 91 student-athletes from a Division I NCAA University who sustained concussions from the fall of 2011 to the spring of 2015 were evaluated. They were considered recovered from their concussion when neurocognitive and symptom scores returned to baseline and they were cleared by their physician. Analyses of variance were conducted to determine if potential factors influenced concussion recovery ( p < .0125). Results No significant differences were found for sex (males = 7.4 ± 5.9; females = 8.3 ± 4.8 days; p = 0.417), previous diagnosis of migraines (diagnosis = 8.0 ± 5.7; no diagnosis = 7.8 ± 5.4 days; p = 0.926), or history of concussion (history = 8.3 ± 5.7; no history = 5.6 ± 3.4 days; p = 0.088). However, a significant difference in the length of recovery was found between those with a previous diagnosis of Attention Deficit Disorder/Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and those without (diagnosis = 13.3 ± 7.3; no diagnosis = 7.3 ± 4.9 days; p = 0.002). Conclusion Student-athletes with Attention Deficit Disorder/Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder show significantly longer recovery from concussions than those without. Further investigation of this and other factors that influence recovery from concussion may help in concussion recovery and return-to-play guidelines that improve student-athlete well-being.
Astroglial-mediated remodeling of the interhemispheric midline during telencephalic development is exclusive to eutherian mammals
Authors: Gobius Ilan , Suárez Rodrigo , Morcom Laura , Paolino Annalisa , Edwards Timothy J. , Kozulin Peter , Richards Linda J. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The corpus callosum forms the major interhemispheric connection in the human brain and is unique to eutherian (or placental) mammals. The developmental events associated with the evolutionary emergence of this structure, however, remain poorly understood. A key step in callosal formation is the prior remodeling of the interhemispheric fissure by embryonic astroglial cells, which then subsequently act as a permissive substrate for callosal axons, enabling them to cross the interhemispheric midline. However, whether astroglial-mediated interhemispheric remodeling is unique to eutherian mammals, and thus possibly associated with the phylogenetic origin of the corpus callosum, or instead is a general feature of mammalian brain development, is not yet known. To investigate this, we performed a comparative analysis of interhemispheric remodeling in eutherian and non-eutherian mammals, whose lineages branched off before the evolution of the corpus callosum. Whole brain MRI analyses revealed that the interhemispheric fissure is retained into adulthood in marsupials and monotremes, in contrast to eutherians (mice), in which the fissure is significantly remodeled throughout development. Histological analyses further demonstrated that, while midline astroglia are present in developing marsupials, these cells do not intercalate with one another through the intervening interhemispheric fissure, as they do in developing mice. Thus, developing marsupials do not undergo astroglial-mediated interhemispheric remodeling. As remodeling of the interhemispheric fissure is essential for the subsequent formation of the corpus callosum in eutherians, our data highlight the role of astroglial-mediated interhemispheric remodeling in the evolutionary origin of the corpus callosum.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ КОМПЛЕКСНОЙ МЕТОДИКИ РЕАБИЛИТАЦИИ ДЕТЕЙ С ГЕМИПАРЕТИЧЕСКОЙ ФОРМОЙ ДЦП
Authors: Tuchkov Vladimir Evgenievich , Semaeva Galina Nikolaevna , Kiselev Dmitry Anatolyevich 
Published: May 2017

Целью исследования явилось научное обоснование эффективности применения комплексной методики реабилитации на основе сочетания методов Войта-терапии и кинезиотейпирования для улучшения координаторных способностей детей с гемипаретической формой ДЦП.Материалы и методы. В исследовании принимали участие 64 ребенка обоего пола в возрастном интервале от 1 до 3 лет с ДЦП гемипаретической формы поражения, которые проходили восстановительное лечение на кафедре реабилитации и спортивной медицины РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова. Пациенты были распределены на две группы по 32 человека. В ходе исследования применялся комплекс измерений объемов движения для оценки показателей объема движений в обеих группах.Результаты исследования. В представленной работе рассматриваются результаты исследования эффективности применения комплексной методики реабилитации на основе улучшения показателей координаторных способностей детей с гемипаретической формой ДЦП.Выводы. Полученные данные в целом демонстрируют положительную динамику применения комплексной методики реабилитации у детей с гемипаретической формой ДЦП на основе сочетания методов Войта-терапии и кинезиотейпирования.
Speculative Equilibrium with Differences in Higher-Order Beliefs
Authors: Han Jungsuk , Kyle Albert S. 
Published: May 2017

Modest differences in higher-order beliefs may have large price effects. We generalize a standard rational expectations equilibrium model with different information by allowing differences in higher-order beliefs. Investors have possibly different dogmatic beliefs about the mean, different dogmatic beliefs about other investors’ beliefs, and so on for higher and higher orders of beliefs. Even when every investor’s first-order expectations are unbiased, overvaluation results when investors have inconsistent higher-order beliefs that their own expectations are more optimistic than average. This lack of common knowledge destabilizes prices in an unbounded manner as market liquidity disappears. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
PAR‐1 promotes microtubule breakdown during dendrite pruning in Drosophila
Authors: Herzmann Svende , Krumkamp Rafael , Rode Sandra , Kintrup Carina , Rumpf Sebastian 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPruning of unspecific neurites is an important mechanism during neuronal morphogenesis. Drosophila sensory neurons prune their dendrites during metamorphosis. Pruning dendrites are severed in their proximal regions. Prior to severing, dendritic microtubules undergo local disassembly, and dendrites thin extensively through local endocytosis. Microtubule disassembly requires a katanin homologue, but the signals initiating microtubule breakdown are not known. Here, we show that the kinase PAR‐1 is required for pruning and dendritic microtubule breakdown. Our data show that neurons lacking PAR‐1 fail to break down dendritic microtubules, and PAR‐1 is required for an increase in neuronal microtubule dynamics at the onset of metamorphosis. Mammalian PAR‐1 is a known Tau kinase, and genetic interactions suggest that PAR‐1 promotes microtubule breakdown largely via inhibition of Tau also in Drosophila. Finally, PAR‐1 is also required for dendritic thinning, suggesting that microtubule breakdown might precede ensuing plasma membrane alterations. Our results shed light on the signaling cascades and epistatic relationships involved in neurite destabilization during dendrite pruning.
Der Beitrag des Menschenbilds von Johannes Paul II. zu einer Werteerziehung, die auf das Leben in der Familie, der Gesellschaft und der Kirche vorbereitet
Authors: Stala Józef 
Published: May 2017

John Paul II devoted a lot of attention to Man as a person in his teaching. He indicated that it is the false anthropology which is a problem of the contemporary civilization. John Paul II reminded us that Man needs to prepare for life in the family, nation and Church, which places high requirements for families, teachers, educators and priests. At the same time, Man remains a social being, does not exist only for him/herself but rather establishes groups, communities, societies. From this perspective, the proper development of Man demands cooperation of different entities and educational environments.
Wybrane problemy społeczne rodzin w oglądzie Jerzego Popiełuszki – diagnoza, ocena, próba rozwiązań. Studium socjologiczne
Authors: Tułowiecki Dariusz 
Published: May 2017

Problemy społeczne są definiowane między innymi poprzez rezonans społeczny, jaki wzbudzają w społeczeństwie, lub też wskazanie ich przez charyzmatyczne jednostki. W latach 80. XX wieku taką jednostką był ks. Jerzy Popiełuszko. Jego kazania uświadamiały istnienie określonych problemów, z którymi winna zmierzyć się ówczesna władza. Część tych problemów dotyczyła rodzin. Można je podzielić na trzy kategorie: łamanie zasad etycznych, problemy polityczno-gospodarcze, problemy społeczne. W tekście dokonano analizy przemówień Jerzego Popiełuszki, wskazując problemy, które wyróżniał w kategorii: łamanie systemu aksjologicznego. Problemy te wynikały z nieposzanowania godności osoby ludzkiej, niesprawiedliwości, braku wolności i zakłamania.
Parafia Wadowice w latach 1957–1960. Wspomnienia wikariusza
Authors: Kubiś Adam 
Published: May 2017

Autor artykułu opisuje trzyletni okres swojej pracy duszpasterskiej w latach 1957–1960 w charakterze wikariusza w parafii Ofiarowania Najświętszej Maryi Panny w Wadowicach. Czyni to po prawie 60 latach, by zostawić świadectwo o miejscu urodzenia i lat szkolnych św. Jana Pawła II, papieża. W tekście swoim ogranicza się wyłącznie do wspomnianych lat, nie pisząc o Wadowicach sprzed 1957 roku i po roku 1960.Autor zauważa najpierw, że w okresie jego pracy duszpasterskiej parafia Wadowice sięgała poza granice miasta, obejmując wioski: Jaroszowice, Hobot, Zawadkę i Tomice. Dzisiaj na terenie tejże parafii powstały trzy nowe parafie, z których na imienną wzmiankę zasługuje kościół i parafia pod wezwaniem św. Piotra Apostoła.Większość artykułu Autor poświęca religijnemu życiu parafii, podkreślając, że kształtowała je liturgia trydencka sprzed Drugiego Soboru Watykańskiego. Imiennie wymienia grono kapłańskie, które w latach pobytu Karola Wojtyły kształtowało jego życie religijne. W 1958 roku ks. Karol Wojtyła został biskupem pomocniczym w archidiecezji krakowskiej. W tekście są opisane jego prymicje biskupie i wizytacja duszpasterska, która miała miejsce we wrześniu 1959 roku.
Odd Harmonious Labeling on Pleated of the Dutch Windmill Graphs
Authors: Firmansah Fery , Yuwono Muhammad Ridlo 
Published: May 2017

A graph G(p,q) with p=|V(G)| vertices and q=|E(G)| edges. The graph G(p,q) is said to be odd harmonious if there exist an injection f: V(G)-{0,1,2,...,2q-1} such that the induced function f*: E(G)-{1,2,3,...,2q-1} defined by f*(uv)=f(u)+f(v) which is a bijection and f is said to be odd harmonious labeling of G(p,q). In this paper we prove that pleated of the Dutch windmill graphs C_4^(k)(r) with k=1 and r=1 are odd harmonious graph. Moreover, we also give odd harmonious labeling construction for the union pleated of the Dutch windmill graph C_4^(k)(r) union C_4^(k)(r) with k=1 and r=1.
la práctica artística como alegoría de la investigación Artes y Humanidades: una cuestión de formas (de hacer)
Authors: Cornago Oscar 
Published: May 2017

La introducción de la enseñanza de las artes en los ciclos superiores de máster y doctorado ha renovado el debate sobre las relaciones entre artes y ciencias. Este artículo analiza las implicaciones de este conflicto reformulado ahora en términos de prácticas (artísticas) frente a investigación (teórica). Dentro del contexto del nacimiento de la subjetividad moderna y las Humanidades, tal y como lo expone Foucault, revisa la idea de praxis ligada a los campos de la naturaleza, el trabajo y la política, apoyándose en Hannah Arendt, Giorgio Agamben y Paolo Virno entre otros pensadores.
Reflexões sobre o Terceiro Teatro na América Latina
Authors: Santos Andrea Paula J. 
Published: May 2017

A ideia de Terceiro Teatro, preconizada por Eugenio Barba, chegou à América Latina no final da década de 1970, suscitando uma série de questionamentos que ultrapassaram problemas relacionados à técnica ou à estética e permitiram abordar questões relativas à alteridade, aos níveis de negociação e à imitação. Este artigo tem o propósito de refletirsobre esse assunto, a partir das leituras de Peter Pál Pelbart e Homi Bhabha.
Long-Term Monitoring for ASR-Deteriorated PC Rigid-Frame Bridge
Authors: Fukada Saiji ,   Kanazawa University  Kakuma-Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan, Ha Minh Tuan , Torii Kazuyuki , Tsuda Makoto , Ura Shuzo , Sasatani Teruhiko ,   Ishikawa Prefectural Office, Ishikawa, Japan,   Kokudo Kaihatsu Center, Ishikawa, Japan
Published: May 2017

Reactive aggregates are widely distributed throughout Japan. In the Noto region, andesite is widespread, which causes alkali-silica reaction (ASR) degradation in concrete structures. For the maintenance of local bridges, it is necessary to observe the expansion trends of cracking caused by ASR in health assessments.
In this study, remote long-term monitoring of a four-span prestressed concrete (PC) rigid-frame bridge was performed to investigate the expansion of cracks by ASR. To evaluate the health of this degraded bridge, instead of focusing only on the locations of cracks, it was also necessary to monitor simultaneously the displacement behaviors over time of the bridge and to obtain the crack expansion trends, which could not be identified by regular visual inspections alone. Therefore, long-term monitoring and loading experiments using large vehicles are utilized to reveal the correlation between cracking due to ASR and displacement of the overall structure due to variations of diurnal temperature and the live load.
As a result of the loading tests using test trucks, by long-term monitoring of the relationship between the temperature and the crack displacement due to ASR, the expansion trend of the crack due to seasonal variations was obtained. A particularly rapid growth trend from spring to summer was recognized. In addition, the vertical displacement of the Gelber hinge, which could be obtained from the inclination angle using the correlation between the inclination angle and the vertical displacement of the static loading tests, was estimated at approximately 30–40 mm during summer. Moreover, as another conclusion of the study, it was found that changes in diurnal temperature and the displacement behavior of the entire bridge had significant consequences on the types of crack expansion in this bridge.
Field investigation of aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) technique to recharge groundwater: a case study in Punjab province of Pakistan
Authors: Farid Hafiz U. , Bakhsh Allah , Ali Muhammad U. , Mahmood-Khan Zahid , Shakoor Amir , Ali Imran 
Published: May 2017

AbstractFast decline of groundwater levels in Pakistan requires the use of artificial recharging techniques to minimize the adverse effect of over pumping. A study was conducted in the Toba Tek Singh district, Punjab, Pakistan, to investigate aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) technology to recharge groundwater. The facility was developed by drilling a pumping/injection well and constructing the water storage tank along with developing the recharge mechanism. Three treatments of 51, 71, and 99 m3 of treated canal water were injected into the aquifer under gravity and were retained for 7 days. Another three treatments of 100 m3 each were injected for retention times of 14, 28, and 56 days. The recovery efficiency (RE) was found to be 83, 91, and 98% for injected volumes of 51, 71, and 99 m3, respectively, for retention time of 7 days. Similarly, the RE for an injected volume of 100 m3 was found to be 73, 62, and 52% for retention times of 14, 28, and 56 days, respectively. These results indicated that RE improved with increase in injected volume and decreased with increase in retention time; however, the technology was found to have potential for storing and recovering of water injected into the aquifer.
Mycosporine-Like Amino Acids for Skin Photoprotection
Authors: Lawrence Karl P. , Long Paul F. , Young Antony R. 
Published: May 2017

Background:
Excessive human exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) continues
to be a major public health concern, with skin cancer rates increasing year on year. The major protective
measure is the use of synthetic UVR filters formulated into sunscreens, but there is a growing
concern that some of these chemicals cause damage to delicate marine ecosystems. One alternative
is the use of biocompatible mycosporine-like amino acids (MAA), which occur naturally in
a wide range of marine species. Their role within nature is mainly thought to be photoprotective.
However, their potential for human photoprotection is largely understudied.

Objective:
To review the role of MAA in nature and assess their potential as natural sunscreens
for human skin photoprotection.

Method:
A literature review of all relevant papers was conducted.

Conclusion:
MAA are natural photostable compounds that are thought to offer photoprotection
to marine species. Initially thought of as protective based on their absorption properties in the
solar UVR spectrum, it is clear that MAA are multifunctional photoprotective compounds acting
as chemical and biological anti-oxidants. This suggests that MAA may offer a novel eco-friendly
approach to human skin photoprotection. Most studies have been carried out in vitro and current
data strongly suggest that MAA have potential for development as natural biocompatible sunscreens
that protect against a diverse range of solar UVR induced adverse effects on human
health.