bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laminar multi-contrast fMRI at 7T allows differentiation of neuronal excitation and inhibition underlying positive and negative BOLD responses
Authors: Shao Xingfeng , Guo Fanhua , Kim JungHwan , Ress David , Zhao Chenyang , Shou Qinyang , Jann Kay , Wang Danny J.J. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A major challenge for human neuroimaging using functional MRI is the differentiation of neuronal excitation and inhibition which may induce positive and negative BOLD responses. Here, we present an innovative multi-contrast laminar functional MRI technique that offers comprehensive and quantitative imaging of neurovascular (CBF, CBV, BOLD) and metabolic (CMRO2) responses across cortical layers at 7T. This technique was first validated through a finger-tapping experiment, revealing ‘double-peak’ laminar activation patterns within the primary motor cortex. By employing a ring-shaped visual stimulus that elicited positive and negative BOLD responses, we further observed distinct neurovascular and metabolic responses across cortical layers and eccentricities in the primary visual cortex. This suggests potential feedback inhibition of neuronal activities in both superficial and deep cortical layers underlying the negative BOLD signals in the fovea, and also illustrates the neuronal activities in visual areas adjacent to the activated eccentricities.
Inorganic Compounds and Teleological Explanation in Aristotle’s Meteorology 4.12
Authors: Krizan Mary Katrina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Aristotle’s Meteorology 4.12 is puzzling, in part because the chapter appears to extend teleological explanation to include certain inorganic materials without natural biological functions, such as metals and stone. This paper examines two attempts to explain why such materials can have functions, and shows that they are problematic. As an alternative, I argue that raw inorganic materials—as well as separated parts of organisms—can have extrinsic functions. Extrinsic functions can explain why natural inorganic materials can be sorted into natural kinds, even if their functions are ultimately related to their uses in the productive arts.
Contributing to Coherent Area-Based Management Tool (ABMT) Networks in ABNJ: A Comparative Analysis of the BBNJ Agreement and ISA ABMT Processes
Authors: Robb Samantha 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Against the backdrop of the United Nation’s recent adoption of the ‘BBNJ Agreement’ and the spotlight on the International Seabed Authority (ISA) regarding deep seabed mining, this article analyses area-based management tool (ABMT) provisions and processes under the BBNJ Agreement and ISA, using the draft Regional Environmental Management Plan for the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge as a specific example. It explores potential interactions between the BBNJ Agreement and the ISA, and compares their ABMT processes, to understand how they could contribute to creating coherent ABMT networks in areas beyond national jurisdiction. It considers how the BBNJ Agreement’s objective for international cooperation and coordination with other instruments, frameworks, and bodies is envisaged, and could practically play out with the ISA, particularly in light of its ‘not undermine’ obligation. It suggests improvements to the ISA ABMT processes, based on the standards and procedures set by the BBNJ Agreement.
Fragility and Eccentricity: the Mortal and Glorified Body in Philippians 3:21
Authors: Hagerman Justin M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Recent Pauline scholarship has shown increasing interest in the concepts of agency, body, personhood, and self. Situating itself within an emerging current of Pauline interpretation of the σῶμα, this article provides an analysis of Paul’s language concerning the σῶμα in Philippians 3:21. In the first part, we focus on Paul’s description of the body as τῆς ταπεινώσεως, “of humiliation.” It is argued that Paul conceives of the body in terms of its mortality, owing to its tendency towards death, as well as its monstrosity, a characteristic that illuminates how Paul reframes the perception of the body. In the second part, we analyze Paul’s description of Christ’s body as τῆς δόξης, “of glory.” It is argued that the glorification of Christ’s body emerges as a function of heavenly existence in God’s presence. In our third part, we use the results from our preceding analyses of the language in Philippians 3:21 in order to construct a conceptual framework for interpreting the σῶμα in Paul from new interpretive angles. It is proposed that the concepts of fragility and eccentricity will shine more light on Paul’s conception of the body, which has a twofold character as both fragile and eccentric.
Theorizing Divine Generation: Reading James 1:16–18 with the Middle Platonists
Authors: Glover Daniel B. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
James 1:16–18 presents a theory of divine generation, which has been interpreted variously. Most commonly, this passage is taken as a reference to Christian conversion, God’s creation of the cosmos, or the creation/election of Israel. While each of these readings is possible, none accounts for all the evidence. By contrast, placing James’s theory of divine generation into conversation with Middle Platonists on the same topic yields some fruitful parallels, both in its theory and significance. This comparison suggests that interpreting James 1:16–18 should produce a synthesis of previous interpretation. James here emphasizes God’s on-going procreative act as the generation of new, divinely-originated creatures of virtue, oriented towards obedience of God’s law.
Emotions in/out of Place: Sentiment, Performance and the Magic Lantern in Belgian Colonial Charity Campaigns
Authors: Van Hassel Marte , Vanhaesebrouck Karel , Wynants Nele 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the magic lantern emerged as a prominent tool for colonial propaganda, notably for missionaries seeking support. This essay examines the propaganda efforts of the Belgian Scheut Missionaries, focusing on Jozef Napoleon Flameygh (1888–1969), a West Flemish priest deeply involved in these campaigns. By analysing Flameygh’s lantern lectures, personal correspondence and archival materials, this study uncovers the complex interplay of emotions and identity in missionary discourse. Through a microhistorical lens, these sources elucidate the role of the magic lantern in colonial propaganda and missionary self-fashioning, revealing Flameygh’s public and private personas. Despite projecting heroism in public, Flameygh’s private writings expose sentiments of fragility and vulnerability, highlighting the multifaceted nature of missionary identity and the performative dimensions of colonial discourse in constructing emotional communities.
Manufactured Goods on Display: Japanese Woodblock Prints at the National Industrial Exhibitions of 1877 and 1881
Authors: Terryn Freya 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article examines the presence of Japanese woodblock prints within the context of state-sponsored exhibitions during the Meiji era (1868–1912). Although the Meiji government organized five National Industrial Exhibitions at irregular intervals, woodblock prints were exclusively showcased at those organized in 1877 and 1881. This article identifies the woodblock prints wherever possible, and addresses questions relating to their role in advancing (Western) exhibition culture, the emergence of modern education, and the growing concern over the impact of popular prints on the future and the reputation of Japanese fine and decorative art.
The Notable Japanese Collections Dashboard Project: Unexpected Treasures and Opportunities for Collaboration
Authors: Davis Ann Marie L. , Matsuura Katherine , Sugiyama Yukari 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Notable Japanese Collections in North America (NJC) is a digital collection discovery initiative and tool that identifies and promotes distinctive Japanese Studies collections in North America. Now entering its third year, this online database has amassed 250 print and digital collections sourced from college and research libraries and other cultural heritage institutions across the continent. Although far from complete, it already provides the most extensive list of print and digitized collections in the United States and Canada. This essay delves into the inception, collaborative journey, and long-term objectives of the NJC and culminates by spotlighting some of the fascinating holdings of its various repositories, spanning premodern to modern and contemporary periods.
Farming Mountains and Herding Sheep: A Study of the Peasant Economy in the Northern Section of the Lüliang Mountains in Modern Times
Authors: Hu Yingze , Wang Ruixin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The peasant economy has been a focal point of academic interest, with existing research primarily concentrated on the plains, leaving mountainous areas less explored. Different ecological environments have shaped distinct forms of peasant economies. The Lüliang Mountains, as a typical agrarian-pastoral mixed zone, has typological significance among peasant economic formations in that it is characterized by extensive cultivation with meager yields and an integration of agriculture and animal husbandry. In modern times, peasants have cultivated vast mountainous lands, planted a variety of cash crops, and established close ties with the market. Reliance on pastoral activities has supplemented the family economy, leading to a rational and efficient division of labor within households. This division manifests horizontally and vertically with younger members herding and older members either tending the fields or working in sidelines, thereby achieving a balanced distribution of labor and resilient family survival. Behind the seeming uniformity of the peasant economy, regional specificity remains hidden and awaits exploration. The particularities of regional ecological environments and the production factors of the peasant economy are crucial areas for research.
Between Public and Private: A Study of the Rural Fertilization System during the Collectivization Period (1949–1963) – With a Focus on Shanxi Province
Authors: Zhao Zezhong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Manure is a critical productive resource for agricultural development. With the advancement of the collectivization movement, household manure accumulation became a key source of fertilizer for collective agricultural operations. However, the process of farmers contributing fertilizer to the collective faced setbacks due to factors such as unreasonable compensation. In response, various localities gradually developed fertilization systems centered around tasks, compensation, and rewards and penalties. The essence of these systems was an economic balance between collective fertilizer use and increased farmer income, generally characterized by considerations for both public and private interests, but prioritizing the public over the private. In the dynamic restructuring of the relationship between labor input and income distribution, political norms and economic measures adjusted to one another. The economic rationality of the peasants interacted with the “egalitarianism” culture in rural areas, reflecting the complex interplay between public and private interests during the collectivization period in rural society.
Women as Alternates: A Study on the Mechanism of Village Official Replacement in the Context of Rural Revitalization – A Case Study of Village J in Southeastern Hubei
Authors: Deng Wenping 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The trend of left-behind women serving as village officials and participating in village governance is on the rise. Research in clan-based villages in the general agricultural regions of central and western China reveals that village factional conflicts make it difficult for elderly male village officials to win in village committee elections. Additionally, the emphasis on younger village officials by local governments forces these older men out of their roles. The economic resources available through village governance are limited and fail to meet the material needs of middle-aged and young male village officials, leading to their withdrawal as well. With the departure of men, left-behind women have become significant candidates for village official positions. Because of the increasing “administratization” 行政化 of village governance, village organizations need to mobilize these women to handle the growing administrative tasks in village management. Serving as village officials allows left-behind women to both care for their children and earn a decent income, while fulfilling the local government’s requirements for village officials. Consequently, through a series of training mechanisms, an increasing number of women are becoming the principal cadres within village committees.
Revisiting the Treaty between Spain and Sulu of 1836/37
Authors: Tremml-Werner Birgit , Poggio Eleonora , Lopez Ariel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This essay focuses on the Sulu-Mindanao-Borneo region in the 1830s and zooms in on the Capitulaciones (Spanish) and the Kapiturasyun (Tausug) of a treaty concluded between the Spanish Crown and the Sultanate of Sulu of 1836/37. It compares the different versions of the treaty texts from the perspective of a system of treaties across the region. Uneven historiographical attention has led to myth-building and a controversy over whether the treaty would have established Spanish sovereignty over the Sulu sultanate. To add nuance to this claim, the study examines the specificities of the treaties together with a large set of complementary sources. A deep, comparative reading sheds light on the motivations, and strategies that accompanied the entire process of planning, negotiating, and ratifying of the treaty and the consequences it had both for directly and indirectly participating parties.
Treaty-Making Projects and the Rise of the Everyday Treaty
Authors: Keene Edward 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
States today are typically enmeshed in dense networks of numerous treaties that define their obligations toward one another, but this was not always the case. This originated in the nineteenth century, when the frequency of treaty-making increased dramatically. I call this the rise of the “everyday” treaty, and present a new empirical historical analysis of how it came about. Rather than a general “turn to treaties,” during the middle decades of the nineteenth century (from 1820 to 1860), the intensification of treaty-making was largely due to the activities of a small group of five or six actors, who pursued “treaty-making projects” to control international relations on a particular issue or in a geographical region. The essay suggests that this shows the importance of treaties as a flexible and instrumental tool for statecraft, and identifies some key areas for further research on the topic.
The Relationship between Extreme Precipitation and Damaging Floods in the Northeastern United States
Authors: Teale Natalie , Winter Jonathan M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The northeastern United States has experienced an increase in extreme precipitation over the last three decades, which has substantial implications for flooding. However, the relationship between extreme precipitation and societally relevant flooding in the Northeast is not well understood. Here, we investigate the association between precipitation, antecedent wetness, and damage-producing warm-season (June–November) flood reports in the Northeast, 1996–2020. We employ 4-km gridded daily precipitation data aggregated to the county scale to calculate 1- and 3-day precipitation and a standardized precipitation index at multiple time scales. From these, we determine extreme precipitation and extreme antecedent wetness thresholds to identify hydroclimatic extreme events and relate them to damaging flood occurrences from the NOAA Storm Events Database. We find that damaging floods frequently occur with relatively high precipitation and antecedent wetness, although there are exceptions in several counties. However, the majority (54%) of damaging floods are not associated with extreme precipitation or extreme antecedent wetness, and more than 90% of hydroclimatic extreme events are not associated with floods. We explore limitations to the definitions of extreme precipitation and extreme antecedent wetness by varying the threshold. Lower hydroclimatic extreme event thresholds not only have a greater likelihood of being associated with damaging floods but also have a greater number of hydroclimatic extreme events not associated with a damaging flood; the opposite holds for higher thresholds. We address these challenges by combining precipitation and antecedent wetness to identify coordinated thresholds that best capture damaging flooding in each county.
Evaluation of Preventive Information Using Alternative Protocol: Interactive Play
Authors: Duché Sarah , Grancher Delphine , Beck Élise , Chionne David , André-Poyaud Isabelle , Robinet Nicolas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
To better understand individuals’ behavior in the face of a natural disaster and to evaluate the preventive information provided by French local authorities, the theatrical performance “Safe and Sound?” (“Sain et Sauf?”) and its accompanying debriefing session were tested in six French Alps municipalities in 2019 and 2020 during several 2-day sessions in collaboration with local authorities. A total of 200 people took part in this theatrical performance and interviews. The Safe and Sound? scheme is based on a 15-min play, followed by the collection of data from watching the play and debriefing with an interviewer for about 30 min. Two scenarios on flood risks and seismic risks were narrated by an actor introducing a dilemma. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed to determine the level and sources of knowledge about the two natural hazards and the behavior during a simulation with an actor. Most participants immediately headed to safety only to later put themselves in danger when confronted with an insistent neighbor and the introduction of emotion-provoking characters, i.e., children. When making their choice at each stimulus, participants evoke different sources of reason. A little under half of the participants mention common sense or instinct. Although the majority of participants claim they received preventive information from local authorities, this information is rarely applied. The media and own experience were mentioned more often. Last, the Safe and Sound? campaign was designed to assess behavior, but findings show that it was also useful to raise awareness among the population.

Significance Statement
The purpose of the study is to propose a system for evaluating preventive information for French communes and to see how this information is mobilized in a context close to reality during severe natural phenomena. The results of our theatrical performance and debriefing highlight the affective/emotional process that involved third parties and a dilemma. Despite knowledge of how to behave in the event of an earthquake or flood, some people choose to behave in ways that are not recommended. It is therefore important to emphasize these endangerment situations in risk communication.
The Role of International Reserves to Synthesise Trinity Debate: A Quadrilemma Analysis
Authors: Kaur Ramandeep 
Published: September 2024

In this research article, an attempt has been made to understand the impact of international reserve hoardings of India on the trinity choices of Indian economy. The Johansen cointegration technique is applied in the quadrilemma analysis to know the impact of international reserves on trinity choices of India for 1980–2020. It has been found that international reserves are helping in improving the trinity choices of India in the form of quadrilemma by entering as the fourth dimension. However, when reserves work as the interaction variable with all three trinity variables, they invalidate the international trinity hypothesis. JEL Codes: E60, C01, E69
Beyond “Pressure”: Peer Influences on e-Cigarette Use in Young Australian Narratives of Vaping
Authors: Wynn L.L. , Barron Chloe , Lea Tess 
Published: September 2024

Background In the early 2020s, Australian media and public health organizations described the rapid rise in youth e-cigarette uptake, portraying this as a “peer pressure” problem wherein vulnerable young people were being led or bullied into vaping by the “cool” kids. Yet, the peer pressure framing of vaping fails to account for young people's rituals of nicotine consumption and ways social drug economies are organized. Methods In 2023, we conducted qualitative interviews and ethnographic research with 24 young people ages 17 to 25, both vapers and nonvapers, in New South Wales, Australia. We investigated their embodied experiences of vaping, observations of peers’ vaping practices, and beliefs about vaping policy. We analyzed their accounts for themes and here report our findings, illustrated with participants’ quotes and an ethnographic portrait of a Sydney high school vape seller. Results The notion that young people are “pressured” into vaping lacked emic meaning for our participants. Their accounts reveal three ways that vaping is social beyond “pressure.” First, social vape market offers entrepreneurial teens money-earning opportunities, mediated by social networks and markers of peer esteem, prestige, and trust. Second, vapes are exchanged as both gifts and commodities in sharing economies, offering social opportunities and scripts for recreational interactions. Third, e-cigarettes as material objects provide esthetic and gustatory pleasures that are both individually enjoyed and socially performed in rituals of taste and display. Discussion These three perspectives on the sociality of vaping help nuance our understanding of how and why young people vape, and also suggest why public health outreach efforts may not be effective when they reduce youth vaping uptake to peer pressure. As youth vape use is on the rise in Australia, these perspectives matter for understanding this important social phenomenon and may help policy development move beyond simplifications of youth cultural motivations.
A surge of interest: Analysing the increased public interest in lipedema using google trends
Authors: Erden Yakup , Temel Mustafa Hüseyin , Bağcıer Fatih 
Published: September 2024

Aim This study aimed to monitor public interest in information related to Lipedema and examine potential temporal, seasonal, and income-related trends that may impact public interest. Material – Methods A dataset was created using the Google Trends tool by inputting the keyword “Lipedema” to obtain the relative search volume (RSV) from 2004 to the present in the United States (US). To examine potential income-related disparities in public interest in Lipedema across the US, RSV values were recorded in the five states with the highest and the lowest median income (Maryland, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Utah, and Washington and Mississippi, West Virginia, Arkansas, New Mexico, Kentucky, respectively). Results Public interest in Lipedema increased significantly over time (R2 = 0.693, p < .001 for the linear trend; R2 = 0.880, p < .001 for the quadratic trend). There were no significant differences between the RSV values between the month of the year and the season of the year ( p = 1.000 and p = .859, respectively). RSV values of the five highest-income and low-income states showed significant increases (R2 = 0.333, p < .001, and R2 = 0.195, p < .001, respectively) More rapid growth in interest in Lipedema in states with high income compared to the states with low income ( p < .001). Conclusion Public interest in Lipedema is increasing in both high-income and low-income states. States with higher incomes are more interested. Searches for lipedema are expected to become more frequent, leading to a rising demand for comprehensive education in medical schools and clinician training programs. In addition, there will also be a need for easily accessible, high-quality information resources.