bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standards for the Reporting of Genetic Counseling Interventions in Research and Other Studies (GCIRS): an NSGC Task Force Report
Authors: Hooker Gillian W. , Babu D , Myers MF , Zierhut H , McAllister M 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAs the demand for evidence to support the value of genetic counseling increases, it is critical that reporting of genetic counseling interventions in research and other types of studies (e.g. process improvement or service evaluation studies) adopt greater rigor. As in other areas of healthcare, the appraisal, synthesis, and translation of research findings into genetic counseling practice are likely to be improved if clear specifications of genetic counseling interventions are reported when studies involving genetic counseling are published. To help improve reporting practices, the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) convened a task force in 2015 to develop consensus standards for the reporting of genetic counseling interventions. Following review by the NSGC Board of Directors, the NSGC Practice Guidelines Committee and the editorial board of the Journal of Genetic Counseling, 23 items across 8 domains were proposed as standards for the reporting of genetic counseling interventions in the published literature (GCIRS: Genetic Counseling Intervention Reporting Standards). The authors recommend adoption of these standards by authors and journals when reporting studies involving genetic counseling interventions.
Apolipoproteins and their subspecies in human cerebrospinal fluid and plasma
Authors: Koch Manja , Furtado Jeremy D. , Falk Kim , Leypoldt Frank , Mukamal Kenneth J. , Jensen Majken K. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIntroductionSubspecies of apolipoproteins can be defined by fractionating apolipoproteins based on the presence and absence of coexisting apolipoproteins.MethodsWe determined age‐ and sex‐adjusted correlations of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay–measured plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) apolipoproteins (apoA‐I, apoC‐III, apoE, and apoJ) or apolipoprotein subspecies (apoA‐I with and without apoC‐III, ApoE, or apoJ; apoE with and without apoC‐III or apoJ) in 22 dementia‐free participants.ResultsCSF apoE did not correlate with plasma apolipoproteins or their subspecies. CSF apoJ correlated most strongly with plasma apoA‐I without apoJ (r = 0.7). CSF apoA‐I correlated similarly strong with plasma total apoA‐I and all apoA‐I subspecies (r ≥ 0.4) except for apoA‐I with apoE (r = 0.3) or apoA‐I with apoJ (r = 0.3). CSF apoC‐III was most strongly correlated with plasma apoA‐I with apoC‐III (r = 0.7).DiscussionCSF levels of some apolipoproteins implicated in the pathophysiology of dementia might be better approximated by specific plasma apolipoprotein subspecies than total plasma concentrations.
Development of an instrument to assess social functioning in dementia: The Social Functioning in Dementia scale (SF‐DEM)
Authors: Sommerlad Andrew , Singleton David , Jones Rebecca , Banerjee Sube , Livingston Gill 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIntroductionSocial functioning is a core domain in the life of people with dementia, but there is no accepted instrument to measure it. We aimed to develop the Social Functioning in Dementia (SF‐DEM) scale and test its psychometric properties for assessing social function in people with dementia.MethodsWe interviewed people with mild dementia and family caregivers to develop patient and caregiver‐rated SF‐DEM versions and refined them through interviews with health care professionals. We tested its psychometric properties in 30 dyads of people with dementia and family caregivers.ResultsBoth SF‐DEM versions had content validity and demonstrated concurrent validity against a single item rating overall social functioning (patient rated r = 0.42, 95% CI [0.07–0.68]; caregiver rated r = 0.59, 95% CI [0.29–0.78]). All participants found it acceptable. Analyses showed reliability (test–retest, inter‐rater, internal consistency) and indications of responsiveness to change.DiscussionSF‐DEM shows promise as a valid, reliable, acceptable measure of social functioning in dementia.
Surfaces of constant Gauβ curvature and of arbitrary genus
Authors: Böhme R. 
Published: February 2017

We construct a class of topologically non-trivial surfaces with singularities, immersed in

ℝ^3

, with gauss curvature

K ≡ 1

.

Résumé

On construit une classe de surfaces dans

ℝ^3

, présentant des singularités, topologiquement non triviales, dont la courbure gaussienne est constante et positive.
G-convergence of monotone operators
Authors: Chiado’ Piat Valeria , Dal Maso Gianni , Defranceschi Anneliese 
Published: February 2017

A general notion of

G

-convergence for sequences of maximal monotone operators of the form

\mathscr A_h u=-\mathrm{div} (a_h(x,Du))

is introduced in terms of the asymptotic behavior, as

h → + ∞

, of the solutions

u_h

to the equations

\mathscr A_h u_h=f_h

and of their momenta

a_h(x, Du_h)

. The main results of the paper are the local character of the

G

-convergence and the

G

-compactness of some classes of nonlinear monotone operators.

Résumé

On présente une notion générale de

G

-convergence pour des opérateurs maximaux monotones sous forme divergence. On démontre le caractère local de la

G

-convergence et de la

G

-compacité pour certaines classes d’opérateurs de ce type.
Existence of geodesics for the Lorentz metric of a stationary gravitational field
Authors: Benci Vieri , Fortunato Donato 
Published: February 2017

Let

g = g(z)

(

z = (z_0, …, z_3) \in ℝ^4

) be a Lorentz metric (with signature

+, −, −, −

) on the space-time manifold

ℝ^4

. Suppose that

g

is stationary, i.e.,

g

does not depend on

z_0

. Then we prove, under some other mild assumptions on

g

, that for any two points

a, b \in ℝ^4

there exists a geodesic, with respect to

g

, joining

a

and

b

.

Résumé

Soit

g = g(z)

(

z = (z_0, …, z_3) \in ℝ^4

) une métrique de Lorentz (avec signature

+, −, −, −

) sur l’espace-temps

ℝ^4

. On suppose que

g

soit stationnaire, c’est-à-dire indépendante de

z_0

. Nous démontrons, sous des autres convenable hypothèses sur

g

, l’existence d’arcs de géodésique joignant deux points

a,b

arbitrairement donné dans

ℝ^4

.
Mainstreaming and Labelling: An Assumption Challenged?
Authors: McDonald Narelle , Hayes Alan 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTA key assumption of the mainstreaming movement is that exposure of young children to their disabled peers provides opportunities for the formation of accurate views of the characteristics and attributes of children with disabilities. Essentially, it is argued that experience enables children to transcend labelling, stereotyping and stigmatization. Prospective data are reported on the mainstreaming of two preschool aged children with spina bifida, based on the content analysis of records of speech, collected over a school year, on 22% of the times when children had opportunities to interact socially. The data indicate that the children seemed to generate their own labels, disability terms and developmental mythologies, which endured across the year. The study highlights the limited attention that has been paid to the collection of data on the social-cognitive processes of children and their disabled peers in mainstreamed settings and emphasizes the scant consideration of evidence from psychology in the mainstreaming debate.
Bi-allelic inactivation is more prevalent at relapse in multiple myeloma, identifying RB1 as an independent prognostic marker
Authors: Chavan S S , He J , Tytarenko R , Deshpande S , Patel P , Bailey M , Stein C K , Stephens O , Weinhold N , Petty N , Steward D , Rasche L , Bauer M , Ashby C , Peterson E , Ali S , Ross J , Miller V A , Stephens P , Thanendrarajan S , Schinke C , Zangari M , van Rhee F , Barlogie B , Mughal T I , Davies F E , Morgan G J , Walker B A 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to identify prognostic markers and treatment targets using a clinically certified sequencing panel in multiple myeloma. We performed targeted sequencing of 578 individuals with plasma cell neoplasms using the FoundationOne Heme panel and identified clinically relevant abnormalities and novel prognostic markers. Mutational burden was associated with maf and proliferation gene expression groups, and a high-mutational burden was associated with a poor prognosis. We identified homozygous deletions that were present in multiple myeloma within key genes, including CDKN2C, RB1, TRAF3, BIRC3 and TP53, and that bi-allelic inactivation was significantly enriched at relapse. Alterations in CDKN2C, TP53, RB1 and the t(4;14) were associated with poor prognosis. Alterations in RB1 were predominantly homozygous deletions and were associated with relapse and a poor prognosis which was independent of other genetic markers, including t(4;14), after multivariate analysis. Bi-allelic inactivation of key tumor suppressor genes in myeloma was enriched at relapse, especially in RB1, CDKN2C and TP53 where they have prognostic significance.
Mixed transmission modes and dynamic genome evolution in an obligate animal–bacterial symbiosis
Authors: Russell Shelbi L , Corbett-Detig Russell B , Cavanaugh Colleen M 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Reliable transmission of symbionts between host generations facilitates the evolution of beneficial and pathogenic associations. Although transmission mode is typically characterized as either vertical or horizontal, the prevalence of intermediate transmission modes, and their impact on symbiont genome evolution, are understudied. Here, we use population genomics to explore mixed transmission modes of chemosynthetic bacterial symbionts in the bivalve Solemya velum. Despite strong evidence for symbiont inheritance through host oocytes, whole-genome analyses revealed signatures of frequent horizontal transmission, including discordant mitochondrial-symbiont genealogies, widespread recombination and a dynamic symbiont genome structure consistent with evolutionary patterns of horizontally transmitted associations. Population-level analyses thus provide a tractable means of ascertaining the fidelity of vertical versus horizontal transmission. Our data support the strong influence horizontal transmission can have on symbiont genome evolution, and shed light on the dynamic evolutionary pressures shaping symbiotic bacterial genomes.
Feasibility and coexistence of large ecological communities
Authors: Grilli Jacopo , Adorisio Matteo , Suweis Samir , Barabás György , Banavar Jayanth R. , Allesina Stefano , Maritan Amos 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe role of species interactions in controlling the interplay between the stability of ecosystems and their biodiversity is still not well understood. The ability of ecological communities to recover after small perturbations of the species abundances (local asymptotic stability) has been well studied, whereas the likelihood of a community to persist when the conditions change (structural stability) has received much less attention. Our goal is to understand the effects of diversity, interaction strengths and ecological network structure on the volume of parameter space leading to feasible equilibria. We develop a geometrical framework to study the range of conditions necessary for feasible coexistence. We show that feasibility is determined by few quantities describing the interactions, yielding a nontrivial complexity–feasibility relationship. Analysing more than 100 empirical networks, we show that the range of coexistence conditions in mutualistic systems can be analytically predicted. Finally, we characterize the geometric shape of the feasibility domain, thereby identifying the direction of perturbations that are more likely to cause extinctions.
Rosin-enabled ultraclean and damage-free transfer of graphene for large-area flexible organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Zhang Zhikun , Du Jinhong , Zhang Dingdong , Sun Hengda , Yin Lichang , Ma Laipeng , Chen Jiangshan , Ma Dongge , Cheng Hui-Ming , Ren Wencai 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe large polymer particle residue generated during the transfer process of graphene grown by chemical vapour deposition is a critical issue that limits its use in large-area thin-film devices such as organic light-emitting diodes. The available lighting areas of the graphene-based organic light-emitting diodes reported so far are usually <1 cm2. Here we report a transfer method using rosin as a support layer, whose weak interaction with graphene, good solubility and sufficient strength enable ultraclean and damage-free transfer. The transferred graphene has a low surface roughness with an occasional maximum residue height of about 15 nm and a uniform sheet resistance of 560 Ω per square with about 1% deviation over a large area. Such clean, damage-free graphene has produced the four-inch monolithic flexible graphene-based organic light-emitting diode with a high brightness of about 10,000 cd m−2 that can already satisfy the requirements for lighting sources and displays.
An intelligent artificial throat with sound-sensing ability based on laser induced graphene
Authors: Tao Lu-Qi , Tian He , Liu Ying , Ju Zhen-Yi , Pang Yu , Chen Yuan-Quan , Wang Dan-Yang , Tian Xiang-Guang , Yan Jun-Chao , Deng Ning-Qin , Yang Yi , Ren Tian-Ling 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTraditional sound sources and sound detectors are usually independent and discrete in the human hearing range. To minimize the device size and integrate it with wearable electronics, there is an urgent requirement of realizing the functional integration of generating and detecting sound in a single device. Here we show an intelligent laser-induced graphene artificial throat, which can not only generate sound but also detect sound in a single device. More importantly, the intelligent artificial throat will significantly assist for the disabled, because the simple throat vibrations such as hum, cough and scream with different intensity or frequency from a mute person can be detected and converted into controllable sounds. Furthermore, the laser-induced graphene artificial throat has the advantage of one-step fabrication, high efficiency, excellent flexibility and low cost, and it will open practical applications in voice control, wearable electronics and many other areas.
Ensemble forecast of human West Nile virus cases and mosquito infection rates
Authors: DeFelice Nicholas B. , Little Eliza , Campbell Scott R. , Shaman Jeffrey 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWest Nile virus (WNV) is now endemic in the continental United States; however, our ability to predict spillover transmission risk and human WNV cases remains limited. Here we develop a model depicting WNV transmission dynamics, which we optimize using a data assimilation method and two observed data streams, mosquito infection rates and reported human WNV cases. The coupled model-inference framework is then used to generate retrospective ensemble forecasts of historical WNV outbreaks in Long Island, New York for 2001–2014. Accurate forecasts of mosquito infection rates are generated before peak infection, and >65% of forecasts accurately predict seasonal total human WNV cases up to 9 weeks before the past reported case. This work provides the foundation for implementation of a statistically rigorous system for real-time forecast of seasonal outbreaks of WNV.
Feature-based attentional weighting and spreading in visual working memory
Authors: Niklaus Marcel , Nobre Anna C. , van Ede Freek 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAttention can be directed at features and feature dimensions to facilitate perception. Here, we investigated whether feature-based-attention (FBA) can also dynamically weight feature-specific representations within multi-feature objects held in visual working memory (VWM). Across three experiments, participants retained coloured arrows in working memory and, during the delay, were cued to either the colour or the orientation dimension. We show that directing attention towards a feature dimension (1) improves the performance in the cued feature dimension at the expense of the uncued dimension, (2) is more efficient if directed to the same rather than to different dimensions for different objects, and (3) at least for colour, automatically spreads to the colour representation of non-attended objects in VWM. We conclude that FBA also continues to operate on VWM representations (with similar principles that govern FBA in the perceptual domain) and challenge the classical view that VWM representations are stored solely as integrated objects.
Prediction of Mortality and Postoperative Complications using the Hip-Multidimensional Frailty Score in Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture
Authors: Choi Jung-Yeon , Cho Kwan-Jae , Kim Sun-wook , Yoon Sol-Ji , Kang Min-gu , Kim Kwang-il , Lee Young-Kyun , Koo Kyung-Hoi , Kim Cheol-Ho 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHigh mortality and dependent living after hip fracture pose a significant public health concern. Retrospective study was conducted with 481 hip fracture patients (≥65 years of age) undergoing surgery from March 2009 to May 2014. The Hip-MFS was calculated by Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA). The primary outcome was the 6-month all-cause mortality rate. The secondary outcomes were 1-year all-cause mortality, postoperative complications and prolonged hospital stay, and institutionalization. Thirty-five patients (7.3%) died within 6 months after surgery (median [interquartile range], 2.9 [1.4–3.9] months). The fully adjusted hazard ratio per 1 point increase in Hip-MFS was 1.458 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.210–1.758) for 6-months mortality and odds ratio were 1.239 (95% CI: 1.115–1.377), 1.156 (95% CI: 1.031–1.296) for postoperative complications and prolonged total hospital stay, respectively. High-risk patients (Hip-MFS > 8) showed higher risk of 6-month mortality (hazard ratio: 3.545, 95% CI: 1.466–8.572) than low-risk patients after adjustment. Hip-MFS successfully predict 6-month mortality, postoperative complications and prolonged hospital stay in elderly hip fracture patients after surgery. Hip-MFS more precisely predict 6-month mortality than age or existing tools (P values of comparison of ROC curve: 0.002, 0.004, and 0.044 for the ASA classification, age and NHFS, respectively).
Changes in biomass allocation buffer low CO2 effects on tree growth during the last glaciation
Authors: Li Guangqi , Gerhart Laci M. , Harrison Sandy P. , Ward Joy K. , Harris John M. , Prentice I. Colin 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIsotopic measurements on junipers growing in southern California during the last glacial, when the ambient atmospheric [CO2] (ca) was ~180 ppm, show the leaf-internal [CO2] (ci) was approaching the modern CO2compensation point for C3plants. Despite this, stem growth rates were similar to today. Using a coupled light-use efficiency and tree growth model, we show that it is possible to maintain a stable ci/caratio because both vapour pressure deficit and temperature were decreased under glacial conditions at La Brea, and these have compensating effects on the ci/caratio. Reduced photorespiration at lower temperatures would partly mitigate the effect of low cion gross primary production, but maintenance of present-day radial growth also requires a ~27% reduction in the ratio of fine root mass to leaf area. Such a shift was possible due to reduced drought stress under glacial conditions at La Brea. The necessity for changes in allocation in response to changes in [CO2] is consistent with increased below-ground allocation, and the apparent homoeostasis of radial growth, as caincreases today.
Development of an ex vivo human-porcine respiratory model for preclinical studies
Authors: Perinel Sophie , Pourchez Jérémie , Leclerc Lara , Avet John , Durand Marc , Prévôt Nathalie , Cottier Michèle , Vergnon Jean M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAnatomical models to study aerosol delivery impose huge limitations and extrapolation to humans remains controversial. This study aimed to develop and validate an ex vivo human-like respiratory tract model easy to use and relevant to compare to in vivo human data. A human plastinated head is connected to an ex vivo porcine pulmonary tract ventilated artificially by passive expansion. A physiological study measures “pleural” depressions, tidal volumes, and minute ventilation for the respiratory rates chosen (10, 15, and 20 per minute) with three inspiratory/expiratory ratios (1/1, 1/2, and 1/3). Scintigraphy with 81mKrypton assesses the homogeneity of the ventilation. Forty different experiments were set for validation, with 36 (90%) ventilating successfully. At a respiratory rate of 15/minute with inspiratory/expiratory ratio of 1/2, the tidal volume average was 824 mL (standard deviation, 207 mL). The scintigraphy performed on 16 ex vivo models (44.4%), showed homogenous ventilation with great similarity to human physiological studies. Ratio of the peripheral to central count rates were equally correlated with human data published in the literature. This new model, combining research feasibility and human physiology likeness, provides a realistic approach to human inhalation and therefore can be an interesting tool in aerosol regional deposition studies.
Mechanical diagnosis of human erythrocytes by ultra-high speed manipulation unraveled critical time window for global cytoskeletal remodeling
Authors: Ito Hiroaki , Murakami Ryo , Sakuma Shinya , Tsai Chia-Hung Dylan , Gutsmann Thomas , Brandenburg Klaus , Pöschl Johannes M. B. , Arai Fumihito , Kaneko Makoto , Tanaka Motomu 
Published: February 2017

AbstractLarge deformability of erythrocytes in microvasculature is a prerequisite to realize smooth circulation. We develop a novel tool for the three-step “Catch-Load-Launch” manipulation of a human erythrocyte based on an ultra-high speed position control by a microfluidic “robotic pump”. Quantification of the erythrocyte shape recovery as a function of loading time uncovered the critical time window for the transition between fast and slow recoveries. The comparison with erythrocytes under depletion of adenosine triphosphate revealed that the cytoskeletal remodeling over a whole cell occurs in 3 orders of magnitude longer timescale than the local dissociation-reassociation of a single spectrin node. Finally, we modeled septic conditions by incubating erythrocytes with endotoxin, and found that the exposure to endotoxin results in a significant delay in the characteristic transition time for cytoskeletal remodeling. The high speed manipulation of erythrocytes with a robotic pump technique allows for high throughput mechanical diagnosis of blood-related diseases.
LHCSR3 affects de-coupling and re-coupling of LHCII to PSII during state transitions in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Roach Thomas , Na Chae Sun 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPhotosynthetic organisms have to tolerate rapid changes in light intensity, which is facilitated by non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and involves modification of energy transfer from light-harvesting complexes (LHC) to the photosystem reaction centres. NPQ includes dissipating excess light energy to heat (qE) and the reversible coupling of LHCII to photosystems (state transitions/qT), which are considered separate NPQ mechanisms. In the model alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii the LHCSR3 protein has a well characterised role in qE. Here, it is shown in the npq4 mutant, deficient in LHCSR3, that energy coupling to photosystem II (PSII) more akin to qT is also disrupted, but no major differences in LHC phosphorylation or LHC compositions were found in comparison to wild-type cells. The qT of wild-type cells possessed two kinetically distinguishable phases, with LHCSR3 participating in the more rapid (<2 min) phase. This LHCSR3-mediated qT was sensitive to physiological levels of H2O2, which accelerated qE induction, revealing a way that may help C. reinhardtii tolerate a sudden increase in light intensity. Overall, a clear mechanistic overlap between qE and qT is shown.