bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UK Views toward Breastfeeding in Public
Authors: Morris Cecile , Zaraté de la Fuente Gustavo A. , Williams Claire E.T. , Hirst Craig 
Published: May 2016

Background: The embarrassment that UK mothers experience when breastfeeding in public has often been cited as a key factor in the decision of the mother to discontinue breastfeeding. There is convincing evidence that many UK residents are not comfortable with women breastfeeding in public; however, little is known about the underlying reasons for this discomfort. Objective: This study aimed to assess views on breastfeeding in public in the United Kingdom and to understand why some UK residents object to this practice. Methods: The comments sections of news media websites and parenting forums were systematically identified and reviewed for statements made in response to an incident widely reported in the British press: a woman was asked to cover up while breastfeeding in public at Claridge’s, a London luxury hotel. Of these, 805 comments (73 108 words) met the inclusion criteria and were thematically analyzed. Results: The majority of commenters were supportive of “discreet” breastfeeding in public, but a significant portion felt that breastfeeding in public is always inappropriate. Sexualization of the breast was mainly evoked as something others may experience while viewing a breastfeeding mother, rather than to reflect the commenters’ own views. Common justifications cited against breastfeeding in public were onlookers’ embarrassment (not knowing where to look) and disgust (at bodily fluids and/or functions). Conclusion: Campaigns portraying breastfeeding in public as normal and desirable with a focus on human milk as food rather than a bodily fluid may improve societal acceptance of breastfeeding in public.
Endovascular stent-graft repair of spontaneous aorto-caval fistula secondary to a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm: An emergency management of hostile anatomy
Authors: Liu Mingyuan , Wang Haofu 
Published: May 2016

Objectives: Although endovascular aneurysm repair of aorto-caval fistula offers a safe and efficient approach compared to traditional open repair, endovascular techniques for the treatment of aorto-caval fistula with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms in emergency circumstance are not well established. This study aims to evaluate the effect of endovascular repair of aorto-caval fistula of a patient with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm and hostile anatomy. Methods: we report a case of an aorto-caval fistula endovascular repaired in a 78-year-old male using a hybrid stent-graft technique. Results: The patient had an uneventful recovery and CTA follow up showed no sign of ACF or any endoleak. Conclusion: This case highlights ACF might be managed by composite endograft implantation with careful and solid sealing of anchoring zones on the two sides.
The landscape of websites for art education and a portrait of their designers
Authors: Wang Tingting Windy 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The increasing visit numbers for art teaching and learning-related websites indicated that websites have become an indispensible resource and information provider for art learners and teachers. In this study, I sought answers to questions such as what websites were art learners and teachers using? What technologies were used by these websites? Who built these websites? Why did they build these websites? What expectations did these website builders have for their audiences? I shared over 70 art teaching and learning-related websites, and had 33 of them evaluated by 57 research participants using a seven-part coding scheme. On the basis of the evaluation survey results, I interviewed four website builders/owners. The top-rated websites were shared and discussed, focusing on website builders’ motivations, overall purposes, their expectations towards the websites, as well as their technological applications in their websites.
Capturing Crimp’s soundscape
Authors: Angel-Perez Elisabeth 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
In this age of post-dramaticity that does away with such definitional concepts as conflict or fiction on a mimetic stage, Martin Crimp relocates ‘drama’ (action, conflict) within language itself. The translator’s challenge consists in fleshing out the materiality of sound and in capturing the dramaticity of the form as it is reinvented in musicality and in the underground activity of an often gendered lexis. Lacan’s concept of ‘moterialism’ as well as Roland Barthes’s ‘signifiance’ of language will be helpful concepts both for a theoretical investigation and for addressing the practical translation challenges. French director Marc Paquien’s metaphorical use of Chaillot’s monumental staircase and Hubert Colas’s expressionistic white balloons in their productions of Fewer Emergencies will help us visualize what is at stake in Crimp’s language and confirm the impression of contained semantic plenitude I could sense and analyse both as Crimp’s translator and as an academic.
Adapting Greek tragedy during the War on Terror: Martin Crimp’s Cruel and Tender
Authors: Cole Emma 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
When contemporary playwrights adapt ancient tragedy they often distance themselves from their source, claiming that their adaptations are stand-alone plays that do not evince a complex relationship with the classical material. Martin Crimp differs remarkably from this, and is on record stating that Cruel and Tender, his adaptation of Sophocles’ Trachiniae, not only recalls the original’s structure, but also engages with its metrical patterns. In this article I build upon Crimp’s invitation to consider the two plays in dialogue by exploring Crimp’s interpretation of Sophocles’ Herakles figure, and the representation of this character in Luc Bondy’s 2004 production of the play. I argue that Crimp’s adaptation sheds light upon the performance dynamics of Sophocles’ lyrics and can help clarify debates over the text. In addition, I posit that Cruel and Tender can contribute to scholarship on the connection between combat trauma and Greek tragedy. By examining two of the ways that analysing Cruel and Tender can transform our understanding of Trachiniae, I demonstrate how practitioner readings of the classics can provide insight into debates over dramaturgical uncertainties in ancient tragedy, and the means through which these can be clarified in performance.
Martin Crimp’s translations of Marivaux’s The Triumph of Love and The False Servant: Capturing the essence of marivaudage in English
Authors: Poncharal Bruno 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This article examines how Martin Crimp manages to capture Marivaux’s art of dialogue in his translations into English of La Fausse Suivante and Le Triomphe de l’amour. It is focused on the function of repetition, identified as a central device in the construction of the Marivaudian dialogue and its handling by Crimp in English. In maintaining a dense network of repetitions, Crimp attempts to recreate the rhythm and tempo characteristic of marivaudage, while reinforcing the dramatic impact of the dialogue. He also aims to make the often opaque meaning of the original more directly accessible, partly by resorting to a more concrete and factual vocabulary, partly by disentangling the syntactic complexities characteristic of Marivaux’s style. Reading Crimp’s translations, one may even feel that the basic mechanisms at work in marivaudage become more easily identifiable.
How not to do things with words: On conceptions of language and freedom of speech
Authors: Schaumburg-Müller Sten 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
J.S. Mill’s On Liberty often serves as a point of reference as his defense constitutes a convincing argument for the advantages of freedom of speech. However, there are some unsolved problems also. 1) He does not get law right, and 2) he explicitly excludes the benefits of freedom of speech for “those backward states of society in which the race itself may be considered as in its nonage”. This approach suggests a connection between liberalism and racism, but leaving that aside there is still an issue relating to the universality of any conception of freedom of speech. 3) Mill assumes a discussion model for all freedom of speech issues and he cannot cope with e. g. commercial or political activities directed at influencing the opinions of others. 4) Mill presupposes a notion of language as being nothing but forwarding of propositions. Mill’s view fits nicely with the conception of freedom of speech e. g. in the French 1789 Declaration, Art. 11, but it is an insufficient, if not entirely misconceived understanding of language. Thus, Gottlob Frege has pointed to the distinction between reference and meaning (Sinn) and J.L. Austin has also pointed out that we are always doing something while we speak. The interesting questions are whether such improved understanding of language has any bearings on the idea of freedom of speech and to what extent it may assist in drawing the difficult line between protected freedom of speech and criminal actions – an obviously important distinction which the French Declaration was unable to handle.
A population‐based temporal logic gate for timing and recording chemical events
Authors: Hsiao Victoria , Hori Yutaka , Rothemund Paul WK , Murray Richard M 
Published: May 2016

AbstractEngineered bacterial sensors have potential applications in human health monitoring, environmental chemical detection, and materials biosynthesis. While such bacterial devices have long been engineered to differentiate between combinations of inputs, their potential to process signal timing and duration has been overlooked. In this work, we present a two‐input temporal logic gate that can sense and record the order of the inputs, the timing between inputs, and the duration of input pulses. Our temporal logic gate design relies on unidirectional DNA recombination mediated by bacteriophage integrases to detect and encode sequences of input events. For an E. coli strain engineered to contain our temporal logic gate, we compare predictions of Markov model simulations with laboratory measurements of final population distributions for both step and pulse inputs. Although single cells were engineered to have digital outputs, stochastic noise created heterogeneous single‐cell responses that translated into analog population responses. Furthermore, when single‐cell genetic states were aggregated into population‐level distributions, these distributions contained unique information not encoded in individual cells. Thus, final differentiated sub‐populations could be used to deduce order, timing, and duration of transient chemical events.
Heterozygote Advantage Is a Common Outcome of Adaptation inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Sellis Diamantis , Kvitek Daniel J , Dunn Barbara , Sherlock Gavin , Petrov Dmitri A 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAdaptation in diploids is predicted to proceed via mutations that are at least partially dominant in fitness. Recently, we argued that many adaptive mutations might also be commonly overdominant in fitness. Natural (directional) selection acting on overdominant mutations should drive them into the population but then, instead of bringing them to fixation, should maintain them as balanced polymorphisms via heterozygote advantage. If true, this would make adaptive evolution in sexual diploids differ drastically from that of haploids. The validity of this prediction has not yet been tested experimentally. Here, we performed four replicate evolutionary experiments with diploid yeast populations (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) growing in glucose-limited continuous cultures. We sequenced 24 evolved clones and identified initial adaptive mutations in all four chemostats. The first adaptive mutations in all four chemostats were three copy number variations, all of which proved to be overdominant in fitness. The fact that fitness overdominant mutations were always the first step in independent adaptive walks supports the prediction that heterozygote advantage can arise as a common outcome of directional selection in diploids and demonstrates that overdominance of de novo adaptive mutations in diploids is not rare.
El sistema educativo en la provincia de León
Authors: Fernández Santos Yolanda 
Published: May 2016

<p>La evolución del sistema educativo español ha estado condicionada por la existencia de numerosas normas, especialmente en la enseñanza no universitaria, conllevando, en ocasiones, a la no aplicación completa de las nuevas fórmulas educativas aprobadas. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en analizar la evolución del sistema educativo en la provincia de León tanto de las enseñanzas universitarias como no universitarias en el periodo comprendido entre 1986 y 2010. Para ello, se hace una comparación de la situación educativa de la provincia de León con las existentes en la Comunidad Autónoma de Castilla y León, y en España.</p><p>The evolution of the Spanish educational system has been conditioned by the existence of numerous standards, especially those related to non-university education. This fact has sometimes led to an incomplete implementation of the new educational approved methods. The aim of this study is to analyse the evolution of the educational system in the province of Leon from 1986 to 2010, at both university and non-university levels. With this purpose we make a comparison between the educational situation in the province of Leon and this situation in Castile and Leon Region and Spain.</p><p> </p>
The role of cell cycle regulatory protein p53 in Follicular neoplasms of thyroid with hurthle cells
Authors: Nagoti Sarada , J. Anunayi , Patel Manthan 
Published: May 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> The disease biology of Follicular neoplasms of thyroid with hurthle cells is poorly understood. Very few studies in literature have addressed the role of p53 in these neoplasms. The aim of the present study is to analyze the histomorphological features of Follicular neoplasms with hurthle cell change and to evaluate the role of p53 in their tumor biology.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods:</span></strong>32 cases of Follicular neoplasms of thyroid with focal and pure hurthle cell change over a period of 2.5 years were studied histologically and immunohistochemically using p53 antibody (Biogenex). They included 20 follicular adenomas with focal hurthle cells, 10 pure hurthle cell adenomas and 2 hurthle cell carcinomas.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> All cases showed nuclear p53 positivity in hurthle cells. Muller-Hocker et al criteria was used for frequency scoring. Out of the 32 cases, 12 cases of pure hurthle cells showed score 3, Remaining 20 cases of follicular adenomas with focal hurthle cell change showed score 3 in cases with &gt;50% hurthle cells, score 2 in cases with 20-40% hurthle cells and score 0 in cases with &lt;10% hurthle cells.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions:</span></strong>The study showed a good correlation of p53 protein expression with tumor progression and aggressiveness. Hence this indicates that molecular alterations in p53 pathway play a role in tumor biology in Follicular neoplasms of thyroid with hurthle cell change.</p>
Évaluation de l’effet d’une politique spatialisée d’accès au logement
Authors: Gobillon Laurent , Vignolles Benjamin 
Published: May 2016

La Loi relative à la solidarité et au renouvellement urbains, dite loi sru , votée en décembre 2000, impose aux communes moyennes et grandes de disposer d’au moins 20 % de logements sociaux sous peine d’amende. Nous en évaluons les effets pour les communes dont la population est voisine du seuil d’application de la loi. Les estimations sont menées en différences de différences. La loi sru aurait eu un effet positif significatif sur la construction de logements sociaux, croissant au cours du temps. Dans les communes de notre échantillon ayant initialement un parc de logements sociaux, la loi aurait augmenté le taux de croissance annuel du nombre de logements sociaux de 1,25 point en moyenne durant la période 2000-2008. L’effet se serait concentré sur les communes initialement les plus éloignées de l’objectif de la loi, dont la proportion de logements sociaux est inférieure à 5 % en 2000. Nous trouvons aussi que la loi aurait entraîné une baisse de la ségrégation intracommunale des logements selon le type (social ou privé), peut-être à cause d’un développement plus éparpillé des logements sociaux. Nous ne mettons pas en évidence d’effet de la loi sur les prix de l’immobilier dans l’ancien.
The three wives problem and Shapley value
Authors: de Mesnard Louis 
Published: May 2016

Nous examinons un des problèmes talmudiques historiques, les trois épouses, une généralisation du problème talmudique du vêtement contesté, résolu par Aumann et Maschler (1985) en utilisant la procédure coalitionnelle. Ce problème a de nombreuses applications pratiques. Dans sa tentative pour unifier toutes les méthodes talmudiques, Guiasu (2010, 2011) dit qu’il peut être expliqué en termes de “ruée vers la banque”, c.-à.-d. de valeur de Shapley dans un “jeu cumulatif”. Cette approche doit être reconsidérée parce que la procédure coalitionnelle donne le même résultat que le nucléolus qui correspond à un “jeu dual”. Comme la solution de Guiasu est paradoxale (elle a toutes les apparences de la vérité), ma contribution est d’expliquer les concepts, principalement la troncation qui joue un rôle central dans la démonstration, puis d’analyser en quoi l’argument de Guiasu est trompeur. Après avoir rappelé ce qu’est le problème du partage selon le Talmud, comment il est résolu par la procédure coalitionnelle d’Aumann et Maschler (c.-à.-d. le nucléolus ou la valeur de Shapley du jeu dual) et comment Guiasu la résout par la valeur de Shapley d’un jeu cumulatif, on montre que: 1) Guiasu a omis de tronquer de données (les demandes qui dépassent la richesse doivent être réduites au niveau de la richesse disponible) alors que c’est nécessaire ici. 2) Il attribue l’excédent (obtenu après le partage de la richesse) à tous les candidats de manière égale: cela contredit la solution du vêtement contesté. 3) Ceci implique que la richesse ne peut pas dépasser la plus grande demande, ce qui est évidemment faux. 4) L’approche de Guiasu crée une discontinuité dans la distribution de la richesse, qui n’est pas observée dans le problème du vêtement contesté. On conclut que la tentative de Guiasu de réunifier les méthodes de partage selon le Talmud par la valeur de Shapley est n’est pas couronnée de succès et est en fait contradictoire avec le vêtement contesté.
Faire voyager des danses et des idées : la formation d’un espace chorégraphique européen par les « danses gravées » au xviiie siècle
Authors: Glon Marie 
Published: May 2016

La Chorégraphie ou l’art de décrire la dance, publiée à Paris en 1700, présente un art scripturaire permettant d’établir des « danses gravées » (l’équivalent, pour la danse, de partitions musicales). L’étude des documents relatifs à la Chorégraphie révèle les circulations dont ces danses gravées ont fait l’objet au xviiie siècle : pour les maîtres de danse qui y recourent, la Chorégraphie devient une sorte de langue écrite internationale, participant à la formation d’un réseau chorégraphique européen, au sein duquel circulent danses, écrits et innovations techniques.
Mobilités et précarités : Lorenzo Da Ponte dans le monde de l’opéra (1779-1830)
Authors: Do Paço David 
Published: May 2016

Cet article interroge le rapport entre mobilités géographiques et mobilités sociales au sein du milieu de l’opéra du xviiie siècle et autour de la carrière erratique de Lorenzo Da Ponte. Il souligne le rôle du patronage dans l’attraction et la circulation des auteurs et des compositeurs ainsi que l’existence de solidarités corporatistes plus ou moins institutionnalisées qui permettent de réguler un marché de la musique et des arts lyriques. Néanmoins, auteurs, compositeurs et acteurs proposent des mobilités à contretemps et des logiques de carrière différentes malgré une nécessaire complémentarité si ce n’est une certaine interdépendance. La précarité des conditions et des emplois suscite encore une recherche de sécurité qui passe parfois par un changement de statut social et professionnel. Toute mobilité n’est donc pas circulation et ni obligatoirement vertueuse, au contraire, la mobilité est souvent le signe d’une précarité économique et sociale.
Regulatory T Cell Dysfunction Acquiesces to BTLA+ Regulatory B Cells Subsequent to Oral Intervention in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Huarte Eduardo , Jun SangMu , Rynda-Apple Agnieszka , Golden Sara , Jackiw Larissa , Hoffman Carol , Maddaloni Massimo , Pascual David W. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) induced during autoimmunity often become quiescent and unable to resolve disease, suggesting inadequate activation. Resolution of established experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) can be achieved with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) fused to reovirus protein σ1 (MOG-pσ1), which activates Tregs, restoring protection, but requiring other regulatory cells to revitalize them. B cells have a dichotomous role in both the pathogenesis and recovery from EAE. Although inflammatory B cells contribute to EAE’s pathogenesis, treatment of EAE mice with MOG-pσ1, but not OVA-pσ1, resulted in an influx of IL-10–producing B220+CD5+ B regulatory cells (Bregs) enabling Tregs to recover their inhibitory activity, and in turn, leading to the rapid amelioration of EAE. These findings implicate direct interactions between Bregs and Tregs to facilitate this recovery. Adoptive transfer of B220+CD5− B cells from MOG-pσ1–treated EAE or Bregs from PBS-treated EAE mice did not resolve disease, whereas the adoptive transfer of MOG-pσ1–induced B220+CD5+ Bregs greatly ameliorated EAE. MOG-pσ1–, but not OVA-pσ1–induced IL-10–producing Bregs, expressed elevated levels of B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) relative to CD5− B cells, as opposed to Tregs or effector T (Teff) cells, whose BTLA expression was not affected. These induced Bregs restored EAE Treg function in a BTLA-dependent manner. BTLA−/− mice showed more pronounced EAE with fewer Tregs, but upon adoptive transfer of MOG-pσ1–induced BTLA+ Bregs, BTLA−/− mice were protected against EAE. Hence, this evidence shows the importance of BTLA in activating Tregs to facilitate recovery from EAE.
Transition process of abrupt climate change based on global sea surface temperature over the past century
Authors: Yan Pengcheng , Hou Wei , Feng Guolin 
Published: May 2016

Abstract. A new detection method has been proposed to study the transition process of abrupt climate change. With this method, the climate system transiting from one stable state to another can be verified clearly. By applying this method to the global sea surface temperature over the past century, several climate changes and their processes are detected, including the start state (moment), persist time, and end state (moment). According to the spatial distribution, the locations of climate changes mainly have occurred in the Indian Ocean and western Pacific before the middle twentieth century, in the 1970s in the equatorial middle-eastern Pacific, and in the middle and southern Pacific since the end of the twentieth century. In addition, the quantitative relationship between the transition process parameters is verified in theory and practice: (1) the relationship between the rate and stability parameters is linear, and (2) the relationship between the rate and change amplitude parameters is quadratic.