bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of anionic dye adsorption onto Melia azedarach sawdust in aqueous solutions: effect of calcium cations
Authors: Najafpoor Aliasghar , Alidadi Hosein , Esmaeili Habibollah , Hadilou Tahereh , Dolatabadi Maryam , Hosseinzadeh Ahmad , Davoudi Mojtaba 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAdsorption of RR141 (an anionic dye) was carried out onto Melia Azaderach sawdust (MAS) in solutions containing low concentrations of calcium ions. The effect of dye concentration, solution pH, Ca2+ concentration, adsorbent dose, and contact time was investigated by response surface methodology. The results showed that by adding 50 mg L−1 Ca2+ ions, the decolorization rate increased by 3 fold. Cation bridging between anions of RR141 and negatively charged sites of MAS was recognized as the main mechanism for the enhanced dye removal. Higher removal efficiencies were obtained at higher calcium concentrations. Solution pH (4–10) had a negligible effect on the process in presence of bridging Ca2+ ions. Initial dye concentration and adsorbent dose were the most influential factors in the process. The equilibrium time was found to be 46 min, which was unchanged at different dye concentrations (10–100 mg L−1). The dye uptake obeyed the non‐linear equations of pseudo‐second order kinetic model and Freundlich/Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) isotherm models. The maximum adsorption capacity of 12.92 mg g−1 was calculated from the Langmuir model. Based on the obtained results, adsorptive properties of Melia Azaderach sawdust can be greatly enhanced for uptake of anionic dyes in calcium‐containing solutions like natural waters. Copyright © 2015 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Advanced small cell carcinoma of the bladder: clinical characteristics, treatment patterns and outcomes in 960 patients and comparison with urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Geynisman Daniel M. , Handorf Elizabeth , Wong Yu‐Ning , Doyle Jamie , Plimack Elizabeth R. , Horwitz Eric M. , Canter Daniel J. , Uzzo Robert G. , Kutikov Alexander , Smaldone Marc C. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTo describe the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns and outcomes in advanced small cell bladder cancer (aSCBC) patients and compare to those with urothelial carcinoma (UC). Individuals in the National Cancer Data Base with a diagnosis of either nodal (TxN+M0) or distant metastatic (TxNxM1) disease were identified from 1998 to 2010. We assessed the relationships between stage, treatment modalities and survival in the aSCBC cohort and compared these to UC patients. In the 960 patient aSCBC cohort (62% M1), 50% received palliative therapy alone, 68% in M1 versus 21% in M0 groups (P < 0.0001). Single modality local therapy (15%) and surgical (21%) or radiation‐based (14%) multimodal therapy (MMT) were used in the other 50%. Cystectomy‐based MMT was utilized in 45% of N+M0 versus 6.4% of NxM1 patients (P < 0.0001). Median overall survival (OS) for aSCBC patients was 8.6 months; 13.0 months in N+M0 versus 5.3 months in NxM1 patients (P < 0.0001). Survival was similar between TxN1M0 and TxN2‐3M0 patients (14.8 months vs. 12.1 months, P = 0.15). Urothelial carcinoma patients (n = 27,796, 45% M1) lived longer compared to aSCBC patients in the N+M0 group (17.3 months vs. 13.0 months, P = 0.0007). There were not clinically significant differences in OS between UC and aSCBC patients in the M1 group. Advanced SCBC is a rare disease with a poor survival and palliative therapy is common, especially in M1 patients. In comparison to UC, the outcomes for aSCBC patients are worse in those with lymph node only involvement but similar in those with distant disease.
Sharing cathartic stories online: The internet as a means of expression following a crisis event
Authors: Veer Ekant , Ozanne Lucie K. , Hall C. Michael 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis research looks at the way that stories were shared online following the magnitude 7.1 and 6.3 earthquakes that hit Canterbury, New Zealand in September 2010 and February 2011. The earthquakes left the city of Christchurch with massive structural, infrastructural and emotional damage as well as leading to 185 deaths. The ground movement was the highest ever recorded to have hit a major city. Four years on, the city is beginning to recover. This research looks at the way in which technology was used as one tool to promote community resilience amongst those affected by the earthquakes and reflects the growing awareness of the contribution that consumer behaviour research can make to disaster research and studies of resilience. Several online tools, social media and online communities, were used by residents in order to cope with the ordeal. We demonstrate that the Internet not only provided a major source of practical information, but also may have facilitated an emotional bond to others in the city and beyond thereby contributing to increased personal and community resilience. We show that the need to share and express one's self following a major crisis event was clearly evident with the volumes of stories submitted, especially when physical travel was impractical or restricted by the authorities. The implications for theories of catharsis and the use of online media during crises are discussed. Policy recommendations regarding the use of online media are also provided as an aid in the victims' emotional recovery from a major crisis. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Two Dihydroxo‐Bridged Plutonium(IV) Nitrate Dimers and Their Relevance to Trends in Tetravalent Ion Hydrolysis and Condensation.
Authors: Knope Karah E. , Skanthakumar S. , Soderholm L. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSingle crystals of [Pu2(OH)2(NO3)6 (H2O)4]2·11H2O (I) and Pu2(OH)2(NO3)6 (H2O)4·2H2O (II) are obtained by evaporation of aqueous stock solutions of 25 mM 242Pu in 4 M HNO3.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanoluminescence in (Sr,Ca,Ba)2SnO4:Sm3+,La3+ Ceramics.
Authors: Zhao Haifeng , Chai Xiaona , Wang Xusheng , Li Yanxia , Yao Xi 
Published: December 2015

Abstract(Sr,Ca,Ba)2SnO4:Sm3+,La3+ phosphors are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of SrCO3, CaCO3, BaCO3, SnO2, Sm2O3, and La2O3 (1.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Properties of the Isotypic Pair [Cr(H2O)6]2 [B12H12]3·15H2O and [In(H2O)6]2 [B12H12]3·15H2O.
Authors: Van Nguyen‐Duc , Kleeberg Fabian M. , Schleid Thomas 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSingle crystals of [Cr(H2O)6]2 [B12H12]3·15H2O and [In(H2O)6]2 [B12H12]3·15H2O are obtained by reactions of aqueous solutions of the acid (H3O)2[B12H12] with Cr(OH)3 and In, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of Pure O2PtF6.
Authors: Rudel Stefan S. , Kraus Florian 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSingle crystals of O2PtF6 are obtained by direct Klemm‐type fluorination of commercially available PtO2·xH2O in a stream of diluted F2 (corundum tube furnace with water‐cooled corundum finger inside, 275 °C, 10 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Nazarov Cyclization of Dienylaziridines: Synthesis of Cyclopentadienyl/Hydrinedienyl/Indenyl Glycines.
Authors: Sudhakar Gangarajula , Reddy Karla Janardhan , Nanubolu Jagadesh Babu 
Published: December 2015

AbstractDienylaziridines, prepared in situ from the corresponding vinyl imines, undergo Nazarov cyclization reactions providing access to the title glycine derivatives in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Rh‐Catalyzed Oxidizing Group‐Directed ortho C—H Vinylation of Arenes by Vinylstannanes.
Authors: Prakash Sekar , Muralirajan Krishnamoorthy , Cheng Chien‐Hong 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA novel method for the synthesis of functionalized vinyl arenes by reaction of N‐methoxybenzamides or N‐phenoxyacetamide (XIV) with vinylstannanes via C—H activation is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,3‐Amino Alcohols, 1,3‐Diols, Amines, and Carboxylic Acids from Terminal Alkynes.
Authors: Zeng Mingshuo , Herzon Seth B. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAnti‐Markovnikov functionalization reactions of terminal alkynes and propargylic amines efficiently lead to 1,3‐diol products and 1,3‐amino alcohols, respectively, without loss of stereochemistry.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereospecific Intramolecular Reductive Cross‐Electrophile Coupling Reactions for Cyclopropane Synthesis.
Authors: Tollefson Emily J. , Erickson Lucas W. , Jarvo Elizabeth R. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractStereospecific synthesis of di‐ and trisubstituted cyclopropanes is achieved via a Ni‐catalyzed reductive cross‐electrophile coupling of chlorotetrahydropyrans.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed C—H Acylation with Arylglycine Derivatives.
Authors: Fan Weizheng , Su Jiapeng , Feng Bainian 
Published: December 2015

AbstractUsing the 2‐pyridyl group as directing group, novel regioselective ortho‐aryloylation of benzene moieties with arylglycins as acylation source has been developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Arylphenol Derivatives Through a One‐Pot Suzuki—Miyaura Coupling/Dehydrogenative Aromatization Sequence with Pd/C Catalysis
Authors: Kikushima Kotaro , Nishina Yuta 
Published: December 2015

Abstractstarting from various arylboronic acids and 2‐iodo‐2‐cyclohexen‐1‐one
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Construction of the Tricyclic Core of Bullataketals Enabled by a Biomimetic Intermolecular [3 + 3] Type Cycloaddition.
Authors: Tan Haibo , Liu Hongxin , Chen Xinzheng , Yuan Yunfei , Chen Kai , Qiu Shengxiang 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA method for the construction of a biologically interesting tricyclic ketal skeleton is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α‐Ketols by Functionalization of Captodative Alkenes and Divergent Preparation of Heterocycles and Natural Products.
Authors: Zarate‐Zarate Daniel , Aguilar Raul , Hernandez‐Benitez R. Israel , Labarrios Ehecatl M. , Delgado Francisco , Tamariz Joaquin 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe presented method is used in the synthesis of naturally occurring alkaloid actinopolymorphol B (XVa) which is further transformed into the alkaloid tanakine (XVII).
ChemInform Abstract: [3 + 2] Cycloaddition/Oxidative Aromatization Sequence via Photoredox Catalysis: One‐Pot Synthesis of Oxazoles from 2H‐Azirines and Aldehydes.
Authors: Zeng Ting‐Ting , Xuan Jun , Ding Wei , Wang Kuan , Lu Liang‐Qiu , Xiao Wen‐Jing 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA novel [3 + 2] cycloaddition/oxidative aromatization sequence via visible light‐induced photoredox catalysis is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐[(Acetylamino)(aryl)methyl]‐4‐hydroxy‐6‐methyl‐2H‐pyran‐2‐ones (IV).
Authors: Ramroodi‐Khastehdel Elham , Hassanabadi Alireza 
Published: December 2015

Abstractusing a one‐pot, three‐component reaction
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,2,3,6‐Tetrahydropyridines via Aminophosphate Enabled Anionic Cascade and Acid Catalyzed Cyclization Approaches.
Authors: Das Pradipta , Njardarson Jon T. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTwo new approaches towards tetrahydropyridines are reported, both employing a strategic phosphate substituent on the nitrogen atom.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Straightforward Synthesis of 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydronaphthyridines via Selective Transfer Hydrogenation of Pyridyl Ring with Alcohols.
Authors: Xiong Biao , Li Ya , Lv Wan , Tan Zhenda , Jiang Huanfeng , Zhang Min 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA novel synthesis of tetrahydronaphthyridines from o‐aminopyridyl methanols and alcohols is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Base‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Tandem Reaction: An Effective Strategy for the Synthesis of Pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidinone Derivatives.
Authors: Liu Ming‐xing , Li Jia‐rong , Zheng Kai , Yao Huan , Zhang Qi , Shi Da‐xin 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe reactions from hydrazines [e.g. (I)], methylenemalononitriles [e.g. (II)] and aldehydes [e.g. (IV)] give pyrazolopyrimidinone [e.g. (V)] in good yields via a nucleophilic addition/cyclization/aromatization/nucleophilic addition/Dimroth rearrangement/dehydroaromatization sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed C—P Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Aryl Iodides with H‐Phosphinates.
Authors: Kinbara Atsushi , Ito Momoko , Abe Tohru , Yamagishi Takehiro 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWhen H‐phosphinates with defined stereochemical configuration [e.g. (VI)], the title reaction proceeds with a retentive manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Ulleungamides A and B, Modified α,β‐Dehydropipecolic Acid Containing Cyclic Depsipeptides from Streptomyces sp. KCB13F003.
Authors: Ahn Jong Seog , et al.  
Published: December 2015

AbstractTwo new cyclic depsipeptides, ulleungamides A (Ia) and B (Ib), are isolated from cultures of terrestrial Streptomyces sp.
Die Küvette XXL
Authors: Quadbeck‐Seeger Hans‐Jürgen 
Published: December 2015

AbstractDas Reagenzglas ist der Faustkeil der Chemie. Dieses bewährte Allzweck‐Werkzeug dient nach wie vor der Beobachtung und Präsentation von chemischen Reaktionen und physikalischen Phänomenen. Der rohrförmige Reaktionsraum hat allerdings zwei Nachteile. Die Demonstration ist nur bis zu einer bestimmten Entfernung gut sichtbar und überzeugend. Der zweite Nachteil tritt in unserer Zeit der fotografischen Dokumentation besonders in den Vordergrund. Durch das runde Glas kommt es zu Spiegelungen und optischen Verzerrungen. Günstiger wäre ein flächiger Reaktionsraum. In der Spektroskopie wird das Problem mithilfe von Küvetten gelöst. Diese sind allerdings nur kleinvolumig erhältlich. Größere Küvetten, wie sie manchmal in der Elektrochemie oder bei Ätzverfahren eingesetzt werden, sind in der Regel sehr teuer oder müssen selbst hergestellt werden. Dabei tritt ein schwieriges Problem auf, nämlich die Dichtigkeit der Ecken. Hier wird ein System vorgestellt, das sehr kostengünstig und leicht herstellbar ist, zugleich jedoch eine ungewöhnliche Variationsbreite aufweist.
Fingolimod targeting protein phosphatase 2A differently affects IL‐33 induced IL‐2 and IFN‐γ production in CD8+ lymphocytes
Authors: Ottenlinger Florian , Schwiebs Anja , Pfarr Kathrin , Wagner Annika , Grüner Sophia , Mayer Christoph A. , Pfeilschifter Josef M. , Radeke Heinfried H. 
Published: December 2015

Multiple sclerosis patients are treated with fingolimod (FTY720), a prodrug that acts as an immune modulator. FTY720 is first phosphorylated to FTY720‐P and then internalizes sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptors, preventing lymphocyte sequestration. IL‐33 is released from necrotic endothelial cells and contributes to MS severity by coactivating T cells. Herein we analyzed the influence of FTY720, FTY720‐P, and S1P on IL‐33 induced formation of IL‐2 and IFN‐γ, by using IL‐33 receptor overexpressing EL4 cells, primary CD8+ T cells, and splenocytes. EL4‐ST2 cells released IL‐2 after IL‐33 stimulation that was inhibited dose‐dependently by FTY720‐P but not FTY720. In this system, S1P increased IL‐2, and accordingly, inhibition of S1P producing sphingosine kinases diminished IL‐2 release. In primary CD8+ T cells and splenocytes IL‐33/IL‐12 stimulation induced IFN‐γ, which was prevented by FTY720 but not FTY720‐P, independently from intracellular phosphorylation. The inhibition of IFN‐γ by nonphosphorylated FTY720 was mediated via the SET/protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) pathway, since a SET peptide antagonist also prevented IFN‐γ formation and the inhibition of IFN‐γ by FTY720 was reversible by a PP2A inhibitor. While our findings directly improve the understanding of FTY720 therapy in MS, they could also contribute to side effects of FTY720 treatment, like progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, caused by an insufficient immune response to a viral infection.
Decreased elastic fibers and increased proteoglycans in the ligamentum flavum of patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis
Authors: Yabe Yutaka , Hagiwara Yoshihiro , Tsuchiya Masahiro , Honda Masahito , Hatori Kouki , Sonofuchi Kazuaki , Kanazawa Kenji , Koide Masashi , Sekiguchi Takuya , Itaya Nobuyuki , Itoi Eiji 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTElastic fibers and proteoglycans are major components of the extracellular matrix and their changes have been reported in some pathological conditions. Further, recent studies have indicated that some glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans inhibit elastic fiber assembly. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes of the elastic fibers and proteoglycans in the ligamentum flavum and analyze their relationships to thickening of the ligamentum flavum from lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS). Ligamentum flavum samples were collected from 20 patients with LSCS (thickened flavum group) and 10 patients with lumbar disc herniation (non‐thickened flavum group) as a control. Elastica–Masson staining and alcian blue staining were used to compare the relationship between the changes in the elastic fibers and proteoglycans. Gene and protein expressions of the elastic fibers and proteoglycans were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Histological changes indicated that proteoglycans mainly increased on the dorsal side of the ligamentum flavum in accordance with the decreased elastic fibers in the thickened flavum group. The gene and protein expressions of fibrillin‐2 and DANCE were significantly lower and decorin, lumican, osteoglycin, and versican were significantly higher in the thickened flavum group. Our study shows that elastic fibers decrease and proteoglycans increase in the thickened ligamentum flavum. Decreased gene expression of elastogenesis and disrupted elastic fiber assembly caused by increased proteoglycans may lead to a loss of elasticity in the thickened ligamentum flavum. Decreased elasticity may cause buckling of the tissue, which leads to thickening of the ligamentum flavum. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1241–1247, 2016.
Microfluidic Assisted Self‐Assembly of pH‐Sensitive Low‐Molecular Weight Hydrogelators Close to the Minimum Gelation Concentration
Authors: Hermida‐Merino Daniel , Trebbin Martin , Foerster Stefan , Rodriguez‐Llansola Francisco , Portale Giuseppe 
Published: December 2015

SummaryThe fibrillation and subsequent gelation of low molecular hydrogelators is usually triggered by external stimuli. Generally, strong acids are employed to trigger the self‐assembly mechanism in pH‐responsive supramolecular systems. However, the generation and design of novel stable gels with performing mechanical properties is a challenging task as a result of the uneven self‐assembled networks formed. Here, we report the study of the self‐assembly process of a low molecular weight hydrogelator (LMWG) in the proximity of its minimum gelation concentration (MGC = 0.3 mg/ml). At such high dilution, the generation of homogeneous gels with good mechanical properties by turning pH by strong acids is a demanding task as a result of the lack of monodisperse 1D self‐assembled rod‐like aggregates. A microfluidic device is employed here to gradually and homogeneously change the pH. We show that self‐assembly of LMWG in well‐defined structures can be enhanced by using the diffusive mixing occurring in the microfluidic reactor channel. For very short mixing times, aggregates with 2 nm cross‐section are found in the region adjacent to the focused LMWG solution in contact with the low pH buffer solution streams, where the pH reaches values below the pKa of the LMWG and triggers the supramolecular self‐assembly. For longer mixing times, aggregates grow in size and occupy homogeneously the micro channel. The results presented here show that better controlled self‐assembly can be achieved using microfluidic mixing devices and early stages of self‐assembly can be efficiently studied by coupling synchrotron SAXS with microfluidics.
Demonstration of QCM Measurement of Viscoelastic Phase Behavior of PVA Sol in Its Freezing–Thawing Process
Authors: Seida Yoshimi 
Published: December 2015

SummaryMeasurement of viscoelastic behavior of poly(vinylalcohol) aqueous sols during freezing–thawing process was demonstrated by means of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) using cryo‐cell developed in this study. The viscoelastic behavior of the PVA sols during the temperature swing was evaluated based on te serial resonance frequency (fs) and resistance (R1) of the QCM oscillation for two kinds of PVA sols with different degree of polymerization and saponification. The resonance parameters were obtained through admittance analysis of the oscillation (QCM‐A). The frequency (f2) that is free from the viscosity influence of the sample was also monitored to evaluate the influence of viscosity on the fs. The change of resonance parameters during the freezing–thawing process of the PVA sols were obtained by the QCM fairly well. The potential of cryo‐measurement of QCM for the viscoelastic analysis of the soft material was examined.
Effect of Swelling and Deswelling on Mechanical Properties of Polymer Gels
Authors: Katashima Takuya , Chung Ung‐il , Sakai Takamasa 
Published: December 2015

SummaryPolymer gels exhibit some unique features that are not seen in the uncrosslinked polymer system, rubber elasticity and swelling. In this paper, we review our recent studies towards the molecular understanding of the relationship between the elasticity and the swelling ratio using the Tetra‐PEG gels. The dependence of the polymer volume fraction of interest state (ϕm) on the elasticity exhibits the power‐law behaviors and the crossovers at ϕ* and ϕc due to the presence of the excluded volume effect and the supercoiling. The Obukhov model successfully describes the power‐law behaviors. The fractal dimension of network strands (Df) based on the stress‐elongation relationships using the Pincus blob revealed that the gyration radius of the network strands decreases with deswelling in affine manner. As for the equilibrium swelling, the definite ϕ0‐dependences of ϕm and Es are observed due to the effect of the excluded volume effect at preparation state. The Obukhov model can predict this result, while the C* theorem cannot predict it. Using the polymer gels with precisely controlled network structures, we successfully verify the molecular models to describe the relationships between the elasticity and the swelling degree of polymer gels.
Star‐Like Structure of Oligocarbonate‐Fluorene End‐Functionalized Poly(ethylene glycol) ABA Triblock Copolymers Below the Gel Point
Authors: Prabhu Vivek M. , Venkataraman Shrinivas , Yang Yi Yan , Hedrick James L. 
Published: December 2015

SummaryABA‐type oligocarbonate‐fluorene end‐functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) s form micelles with star‐like correlations in dilute solutions where water solvates the middle (B) poly(ethylene oxide) block. Using small‐angle neutron scattering (SANS), the star‐arm aggregation number and arm radius of gyration were characterized by Benoit's star‐polymer form factor under θ‐solvent conditions and by Alessandrini and Cargnano's renormalization group theory in good solvent. Model‐independent SANS Zimm plots provide the radius of gyration, micelle aggregation number, and second virial coefficient (A2) as a function of temperature. In comparison to unfunctionalized poly(ethylene glycol) A2 is consistent with predictions for self‐assembling polymers below the gelation point with a theta temperature of ≈ 75 °C.