bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesospheric gravity wave momentum flux estimation using hybrid Doppler interferometry
Authors: Spargo Andrew J. , Reid Iain M. , MacKinnon Andrew D. , Holdsworth David A. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Mesospheric gravity wave (GW) momentum flux estimates using data from multibeam Buckland Park MF radar (34.6° S, 138.5° E) experiments (conducted from July 1997 to June 1998) are presented. On transmission, five Doppler beams were symmetrically steered about the zenith (one zenith beam and four off-zenith beams in the cardinal directions). The received beams were analysed with hybrid Doppler interferometry (HDI) (Holdsworth and Reid, 1998), principally to determine the radial velocities of the effective scattering centres illuminated by the radar. The methodology of Thorsen et al. (1997), later re-introduced by Hocking (2005) and since extensively applied to meteor radar returns, was used to estimate components of Reynolds stress due to propagating GWs and/or turbulence in the radar resolution volume. Physically reasonable momentum flux estimates are derived from the Reynolds stress components, which are also verified using a simple radar model incorporating GW-induced wind perturbations. On the basis of these results, we recommend the intercomparison of momentum flux estimates between co-located meteor radars and vertical-beam interferometric MF radars. It is envisaged that such intercomparisons will assist with the clarification of recent concerns (e.g. Vincent et al., 2010) of the accuracy of the meteor radar technique.
Ontario's Auction Market for Financial Transmission Rights: An Analysis of its Efficiency
Authors: H. Olmstead Derek E. 
Published: June 2017

Financial transmission rights (FTR) are financial products that entitle their holder to receive a payment based on the degree of congestion in a transmission system. In many liberalized electricity markets, FTR are sold at auction by the local electricity system operator. This paper addresses several questions about the performance of FTR auctions in Ontario's restructured electricity market, including whether auction market clearing prices approximate realized payouts and whether there is any evidence that the competitiveness of auctions, as measured by the number of bidders, affects the forward market unbiasedness or informational efficiency of the auctions. The paper finds that the auction process is inefficient in the sense that market clearing prices are substantially and systematically lower than realized payouts, resulting in substantial transfers away from consumers. However, there is some evidence that the auction market is more efficient when there are three or more bidders.
Eight new species of marine dolichopodid flies of Thinophilus Wahlberg, 1844 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from peninsular Thailand
Authors: Samoh Abdulloh , Satasook Chutamas , Grootaert Patrick 
Published: June 2017

Eight new species of marine dolichopodid flies from southern Thailand belonging to the genus Thinophilus Wahlberg, 1844 are described and illustrated: Thinophilus boonrotpongi sp. nov., T. langkawensis sp. nov., T. minutus sp. nov., T. parmatoides sp. nov., T. parvulus sp. nov., T. spinatus sp. nov., T. spinatoides sp. nov. and T. variabilis sp. nov. A key is provided to the species of the Thai-Malay Peninsula.
Toxic and Essential Trace Element Content of Commonly Administered Pediatric Oral Medications
Authors: Yokel Robert A. , Seger Sarah E. , Unrine Jason M. 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that commonly administered pediatric oral medications are a significant source of toxic elements. The concentrations of 16 elements were determined in 14 frequently used pediatric oral medications.

METHODS
Samples were prepared for analysis by dilution or nitric acid microwave-assisted digestion and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The intake of each element from administration for 1 week of the medication's maximum recommended daily dose to 6-month-olds was calculated and compared to an exposure guideline for that element. Exposure guidelines used for adverse effects were minimal risk levels, oral reference dose, permissible or permitted daily exposure, provisional tolerable weekly intake, and tolerable upper intake concentrations. Exposure guidelines utilized for desired effect were adequate intake and recommended dietary allowance.

RESULTS
Intake of the maximum recommended daily dose by 6-month-olds for 1 week would not deliver more than the exposure guideline of any of the elements, with the exceptions of chromium in several medications and zinc in the pediatric electrolyte solution, if it was consumed for 1 week.

CONCLUSIONS
Consumed alone, these frequently administered pediatric oral medications would not deliver amounts of toxic elements that exceed established exposure guidelines for adverse effects, nor would most significantly contribute to adequate intake of essential elements.
Human immunodeficiency virus care cascade among sub‐populations in Rakai, Uganda: an observational study
Authors: Billioux Veena G. , Chang Larry W. , Reynolds Steven J. , Nakigozi Gertrude , Ssekasanvu Joseph , Grabowski Mary K. , Ssekubugu Robert , Nalugoda Fred , Kigozi Godfrey , Kagaayi Joseph , Serwadda David , Gray Ronald H. , Wawer Maria J. ,   the Rakai Health Sciences Program
Published: June 2017

AbstractIntroduction: To assess progress towards the UNAIDS 90–90–90 initiative targets, we examined the HIV care cascade in the population‐based Rakai Community Cohort Study (RCCS) in rural Uganda and examined differences between sub‐groups.Methods: Self‐reports and clinical records were used to assess the proportion achieving each stage in the cascade. Statistical inference based on a χ2 test for categorical variables and modified Poisson regression were used to estimate prevalence risk ratios (PRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for enrolment into care and initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART).Results: From September 2013 through December 2015, 3,666 HIV‐positive participants were identified in the RCCS. As of December 2015, 98% had received HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT), 74% were enrolled in HIV care, and 63% had initiated ART of whom 92% were virally suppressed after 12 months on ART. Engagement in care was lower among men than women (enrolment in care: adjPRR 0.84, 95% CI 0.77–0.91; ART initiation: adjPRR 0.75, 95% CI 0.69–0.82), persons aged 15–24 compared to those aged 30–39 (enrolment: adjPRR 0.72, 95% CI 0.63–0.82; ART: adjPRR 0.69, 95%CI 0.60–0.80), unmarried persons (enrolment: adjPRR 0.84, 95% CI 0.71–0.99; ART adjPRR 0.80, 95% CI 0.66–0.95), and new in‐migrants (enrolment: adjPRR 0.75, 95% CI 0.67–0.83; ART: adjPRR 0.76, 95% CI 0.67–0.85). This cohort achieved 98–65–92 towards the UNAIDS “90–90–90” targets with an estimated 58% of the entire HIV‐positive RCCS population virally suppressed.Conclusions: This cohort achieved over 90% in both HCT and viral suppression among ART users, but only 65% in initiating ART, likely due to both an ART eligibility criterion of <500 CD4 cells/mL and suboptimal entry into care among men, younger individuals, and in‐migrants. Interventions are needed to promote enrolment in HIV care, particular for hard‐to‐reach sub‐populations.
Chronic fatigue complaints in primary care: Incidence and diagnostic patterns
Authors: Ward Mary Hendryx , DeLisle Henry , Shores Jay H. , Slocum Philip C. , Foresman Brian H. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The complaint of chronic fatigue is ubiquitous in the primary care setting. Because of the nonspecific nature of chronic fatigue, practitioners do not focus on this complaint. Furthermore, most physicians use a problem-based approach. Such a prematurely narrowed focus could overlook the chronic fatigue complaint. Omissions in the data collection process would prove this oversight. Therefore, we postulated that a retrospective review of evaluations for chronic fatigue would demonstrate significant categorical deficiencies. These deficiencies would indicate a problem focus different than the chronic fatigue complaint itself. The authors reviewed the current literature to establish historical, physical, and laboratory findings pertinent to the evaluation of chronic fatigue. Six major categories and the associated data elements were identified for use in analyzing patient records. The patient records from the preceding 6 months were reviewed to find those containing a complaint of chronic fatigue. These records were analyzed to determine if a complete data set had been sought and if an associated diagnosis was made. A total of 425 consecutive charts from an academic family practice clinic were retrospectively reviewed; 9.9% (42) mentioned chronic fatigue. Physicians were lax in performing the mental status and physical examinations; taking the patient's psychiatric and sleep history, as well as the history of chief complaint; and ordering laboratory evaluations. The physician diagnoses included: depression (40.4%), nonspecific fatigue (35.7%), general medical disorders (16.6%), chronic fatigue syndrome (2.4%), fibromyalgia (2.4%), and sleep apnea (2.4%). From these data, the investigators conclude that the workup for chronic fatigue is often incomplete or lacks documentation. This oversight is likely due to a problem focus not directed at the chronic fatigue complaint. Also complicating the evaluation process are the multiple associated disorders, the prevalence of the complaint, and costibenefit issues facing the primary care physician.
Soft tissue sarcoma of the anterior abdominal wall: review of reconstruction techniques
Authors: Gray Michael W. , Caleel Richard T. , Sorg Roger J. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Tumors of the abdominal wall excised with inadequately wide margins have a high local recurrence rate. The surgeon's fear of iatrogenic defects of the abdominal wall should not outweigh the need for wide resection margins to prevent tumor recurrence when excising primary and secondary malignancies. Appropriate monobloc excision of abdominal wall malignancies can be satisfactorily accomplished through a wide array of modalities. The authors describe successful abdominal wall reconstruction with the use of polypropylene mesh after excision of a recurrent soft tissue sarcoma. They review various methods of abdominal wall reconstruction to assist the surgeon in choosing the appropriate reconstruction technique.
Simultaneous bilateral facial palsy in pregnancy
Authors: Jessen Melanie R. , Shaenboen Michael J. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The risk of facial palsy for pregnant women is higher than for nonpregnant women. Most cases occur in the third trimester and the immediate postpartum period. Unilateral facial palsy is a commonly seen mononeuropathy. Bilateral facial palsy, however, is rare and is most often a sign of a systemic disease. The authors present the case of a pregnant woman who was first seen with left sided facial paralysis. The paralysis then spread to the right side, resolved quickly after delivery, but appeared again on the right side 6 months later. The authors warn that bilateral facial palsy seen in pregnancy may be a sign of serious underlying disease. Differential diagnosis, possible etiologies, treatment, and prognosis are discussed.
Spontaneous renocolic fistula: a rare occurrence associated with renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Blatstein, Lee M. , Ginsberg, Phillip C. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
A patient with abdominal discomfort, weight loss, and general weakness was discovered by way of ultrasound and computed tomography to have a tumor in the lower pole of the left kidney. At a second computed tomography examination, the mass had shrunken and air-fluid levels and contrast medium from previous examinations were evident, confirming a renocolic fistula. The patient underwent en bloc left radical nephrectomy with resection of the descending colon. Renal cell carcinoma was confirmed histologically. The patient has been free of disease for 4 years. Such fistulas are usually related to renal calculi or tuberculosis but, of late, more have been the result of iatrogenic trauma sustained during percutaneous renal procedures and lithotripsy. Use of computed tomography and other imaging methods should enable early detection of most renocolic fistulas, which usually are a late manifestation of advanced renal disease.
Osteopathic physicians and expert medical testimony
Authors: McAbee, Gary N. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The US Supreme Court addressed the issue of expert medical and scientific testimony in the 1993 case Daubert v Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. The guidelines to be used as a standard for expert medical witnesses under Daubert differ from earlier standards used by many courts for more than 70 years. This commentary reviews the history of previous and current standards used to determine admissibility of medical testimony in legal proceedings and discusses the ramifications of these standards for osteopathic physicians involved in the medical malpractice process.
ELEMENTOS PARA UMA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA CRÍTICA, DE FATO!
Authors: Maciel Thiago Barreto 
Published: June 2017

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%;">O presente artigo pretende fomentar o debate teórico com os professores que reivindicam a Pedagogia histórico-crítica e a abordagem crítico-superadora na Educação Física. Possui como tese central que a Educação Física crítica brasileira necessita, ainda, dar saltos qualitativos na sua forma de organização e intervenção na realidade. Para tanto o presente trabalho procura compreender o papel e a natureza do processo educativo e do papel do professor à luz de alguns fundamentos e categorias centrais do materialismo histórico dialético. </span></p>
A EDUCAÇÃO POLÍTICA COMO CONDIÇÃO DE LUTA
Authors: Nagel Lizia Helena 
Published: June 2017

<p><strong>Resumo:</strong> A reforma do ensino médio,<strong> </strong>projetada pela Medida Provisória n<sup>o</sup>. 746, que introduz profundas mudanças na estrutura do Ensino Médio, sofre críticas que não podem ser ignoradas. No entanto, não basta a clareza sobre os limites das propostas curriculares e, tampouco, o reconhecimento das suas consequências. Urge, nesse momento, recuperar a educação política dos envolvidos nos processos educativos porque o avanço do neoliberalismo deixou marcas no cidadão, garantindo uma ideologia que o leva à própria destruição. Apatia, ressentimento, medo, individualismo, narcisismo, entre outros comportamentos, caso não combatidos, só fortalecerão as medidas hoje contestadas.</p><p><strong>Palavras chave</strong>: Reforma do Ensino Médio – Educação Política – Comportamentos. </p>
GESTÃO DE CUSTOS E PRESTAÇÃO DE CONTAS: UM ESTUDO EM UMA ORGANIZAÇÃO SEM FINS LUCRATIVOS
Authors: Laffin Nathália Helena Fernandes , Raupp Fabiano Maury 
Published: June 2017

Este artigo apresenta os resultados da pesquisa que teve por objetivo sistematizar os gastos de
uma organização sem fins lucrativos de modo a contribuir para a construção de prestação de
contas. A organização objeto de estudo é a Irmandade do Divino Espírito Santo,
IDES/Promenor, localizada em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. A pesquisa é exploratória,
realizada por meio de um estudo de caso, com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa. Os
instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados foram análise de documentos, observação e
entrevista. Em termos de análise dos dados, foi utilizada a análise descritiva. Os resultados da
pesquisa demonstram que a utilização de um método de custeio e a sua sistematização
mostram aos gestores (e demais interessados) o retorno dos investimentos à sociedade em
geral e, dessa forma, subsidiar as diferentes rotinas da entidade, destacando, aqui, a
informação tempestiva gerada para a elaboração da prestação de contas.
Lithospheric structure of the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau from Rayleigh wave tomography
Authors: Fu Yuanyuan V. , Gao Yuan , Li Aibing , Li Lun , Chen Anguo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractLithospheric shear wave velocity beneath the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is obtained from Rayleigh wave tomography using earthquake data recorded by the temporary ChinArray and permanent China Digital Seismic Array. Fundamental mode Rayleigh wave phase velocities at periods of 20–100 s are determined and used to construct the 3‐D shear wave velocity model. Low‐velocity anomalies appear along or close to the major faults in the middle crust and become a broad zone in the lower crust, suggesting block extrusion in the shallow crust and diffuse deformation in the lower crust, both of which play important roles in accommodating the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates. A vertical low‐velocity column beneath the Tengchong Volcano is observed, which could be caused by upwelling of warm mantle due to the lithosphere extension in the Thailand rift basin to the south or by fluid‐induced partial melting due to the subduction of the Burma slab. The western Yangtze Craton is characterized by low velocity in the crust and uppermost mantle above the fast mantle lithosphere, indicating possible thermal erosion at the western craton edge resulted from the extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau. A low‐velocity zone is imaged at the depths of 70–150 km beneath the eastern part of the Yangtze Craton, which could be caused by small‐scale mantle convection associated with the subduction of the Burma microplate and/or the opening of the South China Sea.
The net energy budget at the ocean‐atmosphere interface of the “Cold Tongue” region
Authors: Pinker Rachel T. , Bentamy Abderrahim , Zhang Banglin , Chen Wen , Ma Yingtao 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPacific “Cold Tongue” (PCT) sea surface temperature (SST) experiences significant (>0.5°C) interannual variations forced by the El‐Nino Southern Oscillations (ENSO) with global impacts on the Earth climate. In this study, we estimate the PCT net heat budget known to be difficult to derive using numerical models. The main goal is to determine how accurately the net heat flux across the surface/atmosphere interface can currently be determined primarily, from satellite observations; these are first evaluated against the nearest available observations inside and outside the PCT of the Tropical Pacific Ocean, using buoy arrays such as the Tropical Atmosphere Ocean/Triangle Trans‐Ocean Buoy Network (TAO/TRITON). It was found that the satellite‐based estimates of both turbulent and radiative fluxes are in better agreement with the observations than similar estimates from leading numerical models. The monthly mean satellite estimates of PCT SW↓ during January/July 2009 were 273.07/170.14, for LW↓, latent heat and sensible heat they were 378.79/365.54, 95.52/130.31, 9.89/20.67, respectively (all in W/m2). The estimated standard deviations for PCT SW↓ were in the range of 7.2–7.8% of the mean and in the range of 2.0–2.5% for LW↓, at daily time scale. Satellite estimates of both PCT LHF and SHF exhibit much higher variability, characterized by standard deviations of 50% from the mean values.
The surface roughness of Mercury from the Mercury Laser Altimeter: Investigating the effects of volcanism, tectonism, and impact cratering
Authors: Susorney H. C. M. , Barnouin O. S. , Ernst C. M. , Byrne P. K. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSurface roughness is a statistical measure of change in surface height over a given spatial horizontal scale after the effect of broad‐scale slope has been removed and can be used to understand how geologic processes produce and modify a planet's topographic character at different scales. The statistical measure of surface roughness employed in this study of Mercury was the root‐mean‐square deviation and was calculated from 45 to 90°N at horizontal baselines of 0.5–250 km with detrended topographic data from individual Mercury Laser Altimeter tracks. As seen in previous studies, the surface roughness of Mercury has a bimodal spatial distribution, with the cratered terrain (dominated by the intercrater plains) possessing higher‐surface roughness than the smooth plains. The measured surface roughness for both geologic units is controlled by a trade‐off between impact craters generating higher‐surface roughness values and flood‐mode volcanism decreasing surface roughness. The topography of the two terrain types has self‐affine‐like behavior at baselines from 0.5 to 1.5 km; the smooth plains collectively have a Hurst exponent of 0.88 ± 0.01, whereas the cratered terrains have a Hurst exponent of 0.95 ± 0.01. Subtle variations in the surface roughness of the smooth plains can be attributed to differences in regional differences in the spatial density of tectonic landforms. The northern rise, a 1000 km wide region of elevated topography centered at 65°N, 40°E, is not distinguishable in surface roughness measurements over baselines of 0.5–250 km.
An experimental study of CO2‐oil‐brine‐rock interaction under in situ reservoir conditions
Authors: Yu Zhichao , Liu Keyu , Liu Li , Yang Siyu , Yang Yongzhi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTo understand the mineralogical and chemical changes in oil‐bearing reservoirs (e.g., depleted oil reservoirs) during massive CO2 injection, we have carried out a core‐flooding experimental study of CO2‐oil‐brine‐rock interactions under a simulated reservoir condition of 100°C and 24 MPa. The experimental condition is based on field data from a CO2‐EOR project in the southern Songliao Basin. This oil‐bearing CO2‐flooding experiment used the same experimental setup, reservoir conditions, and workflow as the oil‐free experiment reported by Yu et al. (). The sandstone core samples used in the experiment have similar mineralogical compositions as that used in the previous experiment. Compared with the oil‐free experiment, the presence of oil appears to substantially reduce the reaction degree between the CO2 fluid and some sensitive minerals. The dissolution rates of the K‐feldspar and carbonate minerals for the oil‐bearing experiment are 1/5 and 1/4 of that for the oil‐free experiments, respectively. For the silicate minerals represented by the K‐feldspar, the presence of oil mainly delays the dissolution during the experiment, and reduces the equilibrium dissolution rate. For the carbonate minerals, the presence of oil appears to primarily affect the dissolution at the beginning of the experiments, and reduce the maximum dissolution rate attained. The core permeabilities for the oil‐free and oil‐bearing cases are both reduced after experiments. The reduction in permeability is probably due to the precipitation of fine siliceous mineral and clay particles released by the dissolution of the carbonate cement, which may clog some pore throats. The results provide some new insights on the fluid‐rock interaction during CO2 injection in depleted oil reservoirs or during CO2‐EOR.
Evaluating stratiform cloud base charge remotely
Authors: Harrison R. Giles , Nicoll Keri A. , Aplin Karen L. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractStratiform clouds acquire charge at their upper and lower horizontal boundaries due to vertical current flow in the global electric circuit. Cloud charge is expected to influence microphysical processes, but understanding is restricted by the infrequent in situ measurements available. For stratiform cloud bases below 1 km in altitude, the cloud base charge modifies the surface electric field beneath, allowing a new method of remote determination. Combining continuous cloud height data during 2015–2016 from a laser ceilometer with electric field mill data, cloud base charge is derived using a horizontal charged disk model. The median daily cloud base charge density found was −0.86 nC m−2 from 43 days' data. This is consistent with a uniformly charged region ~40 m thick at the cloud base, now confirming that negative cloud base charge is a common feature of terrestrial layer clouds. This technique can also be applied to planetary atmospheres and volcanic plumes.