bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bearing remaining life prediction method based on ARAD -ELN and multi-stage wiener process
Authors: Wang Yu , Liu Shujie , Lv Shuai , Liu Gengshuo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Stochastic process-based models are extensively utilized in health assessments and Remaining Useful Life (RUL) predictions of bearings. Nevertheless, bearings in actual operation undergo multiple degradation stages, each characterized by a unique trend of degradation. The application of a singular stochastic process for RUL prediction falls short of achieving optimal performance. Consequently, this paper introduces a multi-stage Wiener process-based approach for the prediction of bearings’ RUL. Initially, to address the challenge of imbalanced sample sizes across different degradation stages of bearings, an ensemble learning-based neural network, enhanced by ARIMA Residual Anomaly Detection for identifying bearing degradation stages, is proposed. Subsequently, considering the temporal, unit-to-unit, and nonlinear variabilities of the degradation process at each stage, a Wiener process-based multi-stage degradation model for bearings is developed. A method for parameter estimation and updating, utilizing Kalman filtering and Maximum Likelihood Estimation (K-M), is introduced. Finally, the proposed model is validated using both simulated data and the XJTU-SY bearing dataset. Experimental results from three RUL predictions show that the proposed method outperforms the benchmark model with root mean square error values of 3.61, 2.92 and 7.24, respectively, affirming that the proposed model can precisely classify equipment degradation stages and predict RUL with high accuracy and stability.
Joint segmentation of tumors in 3D PET-CT images with a network fusing multi-view and multi-modal information
Authors: Zheng HaoYang , Zou Wei , Hu Nan , Wang Jiajun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective. Joint segmentation of tumors in positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) images is crucial for precise treatment planning. However, current segmentation methods often use addition or concatenation to fuse PET and CT images, which potentially overlooks the nuanced interplay between these modalities. Additionally, these methods often neglect multi-view information that is helpful for more accurately locating and segmenting the target structure. This study aims to address these disadvantages and develop a deep learning-based algorithm for joint segmentation of tumors in PET-CT images. Approach. To address these limitations, we propose the Multi-view Information Enhancement and Multi-modal Feature Fusion Network (MIEMFF-Net) for joint tumor segmentation in three-dimensional PET-CT images. Our model incorporates a dynamic multi-modal fusion strategy to effectively exploit the metabolic and anatomical information from PET and CT images and a multi-view information enhancement strategy to effectively recover the lost information during upsamping. A Multi-scale Spatial Perception Block is proposed to effectively extract information from different views and reduce redundancy interference in the multi-view feature extraction process. Main results. The proposed MIEMFF-Net achieved a Dice score of 83.93%, a Precision of 81.49%, a Sensitivity of 87.89% and an IOU of 69.27% on the Soft Tissue Sarcomas dataset and a Dice score of 76.83%, a Precision of 86.21%, a Sensitivity of 80.73% and an IOU of 65.15% on the AutoPET dataset. Significance. Experimental results demonstrate that MIEMFF-Net outperforms existing state-of-the-art models which implies potential applications of the proposed method in clinical practice.
Characteristic study of nitrogen microwave plasma decomposition of ammonia at atmospheric pressure for hydrogen production
Authors: Niu Yu-Long , Li Shou-Zhe , Wang Xing-Chang , Yu Qin-Kun , Yang Dezheng , Wen Xiaoqiong , Zhang Jialiang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) is decomposed in afterglow of an atmospheric-pressure nitrogen microwave plasma torch for hydrogen production. Its physiochemical processes are diagnosed by optical emission spectroscopy in terms of the characteristic molecular bands and rotational temperature determined with Boltzmann plot method. The mechanism of NH3 decomposition in plasma afterglow caused by chemical and joule heating is discussed by investigating variations of rotational temperature and concentration of excited species as a function of microwave power and NH3 flow rate, respectively. Additionally, the gas flow field distributed in reaction chamber is numerically calculated using computational fluid dynamics. It is found that enhancing the effective collisions between NH3 molecules and the active species in N2 plasma afterglow aids in achieving a high hydrogen production rate, which is materialized by modifying gas flow field by means of optimizing the gas inlet position and NH3 flow rate and introducing a metal rod in reaction chamber. The experimentally achieved results are as follows: hydrogen production rate of 544 l h−1, energy yield of 274 l kWh−1, and ammonia conversion rate of 86%, respectively.
Investigation in improving the Cs-free negative hydrogen ion production with short-pulse low power in the afterglow of pulse-power-modulated plasma sources
Authors: Yang Wei , Liu Wei , Li Yang , Zhao Yue-Yue , Gao Fei , Ding Ke , Du Cheng-Ran , Wang You-Nian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Pulse plasma ion sources have been shown to be capable of achieving high negative hydrogen ion densities (

n

H

−

) or currents. The fast cooling of the electrons and reduction in the electron density (n
e) provide favorable plasma conditions to improve the H− production, with a high density ratio of negative hydrogen ions to electrons during the pulse-off period. The purpose of this research is to further improve the performance of volume-produced H− ion sources based on the pulse power modulation. In this study, a time-modulated negative hydrogen plasma sustained by 10 kHz pulse power at the typical gas pressure of 0.3 Pa was numerically investigated using a global model. The model is compared with measurements obtained in a pulsed radio frequency ion source and shows a reasonable agreement. A steplike low-high power strategy in the active glow period and a short-pulse low power in part of the afterglow period are employed to mitigate overshoot of the electron temperature (T
e) in the initial stage of the pulse period and to optimize H− production in the afterglow, respectively. The model predicts that a small-magnitude, short-duration low power operation in the afterglow increases

n

H

−

and decreases n
e from the onset of the low power until the beginning of the next high power pulse, due to a modest temporary increase in the T
e (less than 2 eV). It facilitates dissociative electron attachments and thus H− formation. The reduction in the n
e indicates that positive ions lost to the walls cannot be compensated by weak ionization. H− production with a low number of co-extracted electrons can be optimized by adjusting the magnitude and duration of the low power in the afterglow.
Effect of substrate temperature on In2S3 thin films using nebulizer spray pyrolysis method for photodetector applications
Authors: Sathish Kumar S , Valanarasu S , Rimal Isaac R S , Vimala Juliet A , Ganesh V 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this work, Indium Sulfide (In2S3) thin films were prepared using an economical nebulizer spray pyrolysis technique by various substrate temperatures from 250 °C to 375 °C in steps of 25 °C to evaluate their photo sensing properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirm the presence of In2S3 with face centered cubic structure for all substrate temperatures. The densely packed small spherical grain-sized particles were observed for In2S3 films deposited at 350 °C using Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analysis. The optical bandgap values were decreased from 3.16 eV to 2.28 eV, with increment in coating temperatures from 250 °C to 350 °C. The high intensity Photoluminescence (PL) peak is observed at 480 nm for the film coated at 350 °C is due to higher rate of electron–hole pair recombination. The photo sensing analysis revealed that the In2S3 thin films deposited at 350 °C, has the maximum responsivity (R) of 9.09 × 10−2 A W−1, detectivity (D*) of 8.25 × 1010 Jones, and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 21.2%. Increasing the substrate temperature results in a significant enhancement of photo sensing characteristics.
Apparent effective ionization coefficient in N2 and O2 gas mixtures determined with two separate methods
Authors: Talviste Rasmus , Jõgi Indrek , Viidebaum Mikk , Valk Fred , Plank Toomas , Raud Jüri , Paris Peeter 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
N2:O2 gas mixtures are important for applications of atmospheric pressure plasmas such as ozone production, air purification from VOCs and NOx and surface treatments. Fundamental parameters such as the effective ionization coefficient are inputs for theoretical plasma models for applications and must thus be accurately known. This work determined the apparent effective ionization coefficient in N2:O2 mixtures in a broad reduced electric field strength E/N range of 150–1200 Td with two separate methods and compared with BOLSIG+ calculations of reduced effective ionization coefficient. Additionally, the equilibrium distance required to establish a steady-state electron energy distribution was estimated from spatial profiles of optical emission.
High-order solitary waves, fission, hybrid waves and interaction solutions in the nonlinear dissipative (2+1)-dimensional Zabolotskaya-Khokhlov model
Authors: Han Tianyong , Rezazadeh Hadi , Ur Rahman Mati 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Zabolotskaya-Khokhlov model (ZKm) is a widely used nonlinear model in the fields of sound, ultrasound, and shock waves. The aims of this paper stems from its examination and rectification of earlier results concerning the N-soliton solutions of nonlinear dissipative (2+1)-dimensional ZKm. By recognizing and incorporating the non-zero values of the dispersion coefficient , this study addresses a significant omission in current research. The findings enhance the comprehension of higher-order soliton behaviors, encompassing bifurcation solitons, higher-order breathers, rogue waves, periodic lumps, and their interactions, which are crucial for both theoretical studies and practical applications in areas like nonlinear optics and fluid dynamics. Subsequent detailed numerical simulations are conducted to elucidate the complex behaviors of the obtained solutions. This thorough exploration provides crucial insights into the intricate patterns exhibited by the nonlinear dissipative (2+1)-dimensional ZKm under different conditions, enhancing our understanding of the underlying physical phenomena.
Microwave absorber surface design for 5G energy harvesting applications
Authors: Tütüncü Bilal , Türktam Ufuk 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study presents a high-efficiency microwave absorber for energy harvesting in 5G frequencies. Initially, a unit cell was designed in four stages to efficiently absorb in the targeted frequency region. The results obtained for each stage of the design were analyzed, and additional investigations were conducted for substrate material and thickness based on the optimum performance of the unit cell structure. A unit cell absorber designed on an FR4 a flame-resistant fiberglass/epoxy-based composite, commonly utilized in printed circuit boards due to its favorable electrical insulation properties and low cost. With a thickness of 1.5 mm, the absorber achieved a 98.04% absorption at 3.8 GHz according to simulation results. Subsequently, this unit cell was separately designed and simulated with different periodic arrays to transform into an absorber surface. As a result, high absorption rates of 98.94% and 98.35% were achieved at 3.8 GHz and 4.2 GHz, respectively, in the 2 × 2 array. It was observed that the structure absorbs over 85% within a 1 GHz bandwidth between 3.5 GHz and 4.5 GHz. Finally, a prototype of the absorber surface was manufactured, and measurements were taken in the laboratory environment. Significant agreement was found between the data obtained from these measurements and the simulation results. The results indicate that the suggested absorber surface is well-suited for energy harvesting within the n77 (3.3 GHz to 4.2 GHz) and n78 (3.3 GHz to 3.8 GHz) bands of 5G communication.
Effects of nonthermality on dust-acoustic surface waves with dust rotation
Authors: Hadi Fazli 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Dust Acoustic Surface Waves (DASWs) real frequency and group velocity are investigated for semi-bounded dusty plasma whose electrons and ions are modeled by Cairn’s Distribution Function (CDF) while massive particles i.e. dust are treated Maxwellian. Kinetic approach based on Vlasov-Poisson’s set of equations is used for the derivation of plasma dispersion relation. It is observed that in the presence of rotational parameter Ω
r
and the variation of nonthermal index α affect both real frequency and group velocity of the wave significantly. This study has wide astrophysical applications.
Near-periodic behavior and parameter-insensitive dynamics of a giant atom interacting with a continuum
Authors: Hansen Jan Petter , Tywoniuk Konrad 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We consider the solutions of a two-level atom (qubit) coupled to a discretized continuum in the case when the system initially start out in a continuum state. By solving the model we explain the origin of two new pronounced features of a widely used model which has been used for numerous recent studies related to quantum information. In this work we document two new phenomena related to the dynamics which occur when the system is starting out in the continuum. First, dissipatively non-periodic dynamics is replaced by near-periodic oscillatory dynamics when the initial state is switched to be an initially populated continuum state, in combination with a qubit ground state. Second, when the qubit is coupled to two well separated points, the initial state exhibits an exact linear, stepwise decay which is completely insensitive to the coupling parameters.
Study of electrochemical behavior of rGO and metal-organic framework nanocomposite electrodes for supercapacitive applications
Authors: Yadav Meena , Saini Isha , Shekhawat Nidhi , Sharma Swati , Chand Prakash , Singh Vinamrita 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This research studied the electrochemical performance of reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) and a nanocomposite comprising rGO and Metal–Organic Framework-5 (MOF-5) for supercapacitor applications. The nanocomposite, synthesized through a solvothermal method, aimed to capitalize on the synergistic effects of combining rGO with MOF-5 under normal laboratory conditions without utilizing autoclave. By adjusting the concentration of the oxidizing agent, the oxidation degree of rGO was effectively regulated, thereby influencing its structural properties. Utilizing the optimized rGO, electrodes were fabricated for both rGO and MOF5-rGO configurations. Electrochemical studies were carried out using a three-electrode (3E) system with a 6M KOH electrolyte. The MOF-5, reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and MOF5-rGO nanocomposite samples were characterized using x-ray powder diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to determine their chemical composition and structural information. The Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) spectra show low internal resistance (Rs) and charge transfer resistance (Rct), indicating higher conductivity of rGO and nanocomposite. The rGO electrode in the 3E system showed a specific capacitance of 65 Fg−1 whereas MOF5-rGO displayed 73 Fg−1 at a current density of 1.2 Ag−1. MOF5-rGO nanocomposite demonstrates better capacitor retention (96%) compared to rGO (90%) at 5A/g. These results indicate that the MOF5-rGO sample is a promising electrode for supercapacitor application.
On the excess loss in FeSiAl soft magnetic composites
Authors: Feng S J , Lv Q R , Kan X C , Yang Y J , Liu X S 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the issue of inconsistent theoretical expression of excess loss in soft magnetic composites, the irrational linear frequency dependence of excess loss W
ex is analyzed. By comparing and analyzing the experimental data of magnetic loss of FeSiAl core under different transverse magnetic fields with the theoretical results, it is determined that the excess loss of FeSiAl composite is proportional to the 1/2th power of the frequency. Meanwhile, it is experimentally discovered that there is a positive correlation between the hysteresis loss and the excess loss of FeSiAl magnetic core, which might provide an effective approach to reduce the excess loss of FeSiAl magnetic core.
Multi-band and polarization-insensitive electromagnetically-induced transparency based on coupled-resonators in a metamaterial operating at GHz frequencies
Authors: Tung Bui Son , Viet Ngo Nhu , Khuyen Bui Xuan , Pham Thanh Son , Do Phong Xuan , Hoa Nguyen Thi , Lam Vu Dinh , Tung Do Khanh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The analogy of electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) has emerged as an intriguing phenomenon in metamaterials research, enabling precise control over electromagnetic wave propagation. In this work, a metamaterial is investigated to achieve polarization-insensitive and multi-band transparency in microwave region. The metamaterial unit-cell consists of three coupled resonators, engineered to exhibit distinct resonance frequencies within the GHz spectrum and their coupling results in transparency windows. The functionality of the metamaterial is validated experimentally, demonstrating dual-band transparency windows at 4.6 and 6.4 GHz. Additionally, under oblique incidence, a third transparency peak arises, and the achieved triple-band EIT peaks can be maintained above 67% up to an incident angle of 60°. Our work contributes a metamaterial platform offering multi-band EIT behavior and polarization insensitivity at GHz frequencies. The proposed structural design leverages coupled-resonator configurations to achieve enhanced control over electromagnetic wave propagation, promising significant advancements in both fundamental research and practical applications. These include advanced signal processing, high-efficiency filters, and sensors operating in GHz communication and radar systems.
Line intensities of CO near 1560 nm measured with absorption and dispersion spectroscopy
Authors: Huang Q , Tan Y , Yin R-H , Nie Z-L , Wang J , Hu S-M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
High-precision line intensities are of great value in various applications, such as greenhouse gas metrology, planetary atmospheric analysis, and trace gas detection. Here we report simultaneous measurements of cavity-enhanced absorption and dispersion spectroscopy of the prototype molecule 12C16O using the same optical resonant cavity. Nine lines were measured in the R branch of the

v
=
3
−
0

band. The absorption and dispersion spectra were fitted separately with speed-dependent Voigt profiles, and the line intensities obtained by the two methods agree within the experimental uncertainty of about 1‰. The results demonstrate the feasibility of SI-traceable molecular density measurements based on laser spectroscopy.
Simulations of vertical displacement oscillatory modes and global Alfvén Eigenmodes in JET geometry
Authors: Barberis T. , Kim C.C. , Porcelli F. , Banerjee D. , Hawkes N. , O. Kazakov Ye , Liu Y.Q. , Oliver H.J.C. , Sharapov S.E. , Yolbarsop A. ,   NIMROD Team,   JET Contributors
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Vertical Displacement Oscillatory Modes (VDOM), with frequency in the Alfvén range, are natural modes of oscillation of magnetically confined laboratory plasmas with elongated cross-section. These axisymmetric modes arise from the interaction between the plasma current, which is in equilibrium with currents flowing in external coils, and perturbed currents induced on a nearby conducting wall. The restoring force exerted by these perturbed currents on the vertical motion of the plasma column leads to its oscillatory behavior. An analytic model for VDOM was proposed by (Barberis et al 2022 J. Plasma Phys.
88 905880511) based on an idealized ‘straight tokamak’ equilibrium with uniform equilibrium current density. This article introduces the first numerical simulations of VDOM in a realistic JET tokamak configuration, using the extended-MHD code NIMROD and drawing comparisons with Global Alfvén Eigenmodes (GAE). The results show qualitative agreement with analytic predictions regarding mode frequency and radial structure, supporting the identification of VDOM as a fundamental oscillation mode in tokamak plasmas. VDOM and GAE are modeled in a representative JET discharge, where axisymmetric perturbations with toroidal mode number n = 0 driven unstable by fast ions were observed. The two modes are examined separately using a forced oscillator within the NIMROD code, which enables a comparison of their characteristics and helps identify the experimentally observed mode possibly as a GAE.
Invariant regimes of Spencer scaling law for magnetic compression of rotating FRC plasma
Authors: Ma Yiming , Zhu Ping , Rao Bo , Li Haolong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The scaling laws for the magnetic compression of a toroidally rotating field reversed configuration (FRC) have been investigated in this work. The magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulations of the magnetic compression on rotating FRCs employing the NIMROD code (Sovinec et al 2004 J. Comput. Phys.
195 355), are compared with the Spencer’s one-dimensional (1D) theory (Spencer et al 1983 Phys. Fluids
26 1564) for a wide range of initial flow speeds and profiles. The toroidal flow can influence the scalings directly through the alteration of the compressional work as also evidenced in the 1D adiabatic model, and indirectly by reshaping the initial equilibrium. However, in comparison to the static initial FRC equilibrium cases, the pressure and the radius scalings remain invariant for the magnetic compression ratio

B

w
2

/

B

w
1

up to 6 in presence of the initial equilibrium flow, suggesting a broader applicable regime of the Spencer scaling law for FRC magnetic compression. The invariant scaling has been proven a natural consequence of the conservation of angular momentum of both fluid and magnetic field during the dynamic compression process.