bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the perspectives of health care professionals on digital health technologies in pediatric care and rehabilitation
Authors: Roy Isabelle , Salles Julia , Neveu Erika , Lariviére-Bastien Danaë , Blondin Aurélie , Levac Danielle , Beauchamp Miriam H. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Digital health technologies are increasingly used by healthcare professionals working in pediatric hospital and rehabilitation settings. Multiple factors may affect the implementation and use of digital health technologies in these settings. However, such factors have not been identified in a multidisciplinary, pediatric context. The objective of this study was to describe actual use and to identify the factors that promote or hinder the intention to use digital health technologies (mobile learning applications, virtual/augmented reality, serious games, robotic devices, telehealth applications, computerized assessment tools, and wearables) among pediatric healthcare professionals.

Methods
An online survey evaluating opinions, current use, and future intentions to use digital health technologies was completed by 108 professionals at one of Canada’s largest pediatric institutes. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare the attitudes of healthcare professionals who intend to increase their use of digital health technologies and those who do not. Linear regression analyses were used to determine predictors of usage success.

Results
Healthcare professionals reported mostly using mobile and tablet learning applications (n = 43, 38.1%), telehealth applications (n = 49, 43.4%), and computerized assessment tools (n = 33, 29.2%). Attitudes promoting the intention to increase the use of digital health technologies varied according to technology type. Healthcare professionals who wished to increase their use of digital health technologies reported a more positive attitude regarding benefits in clinical practice and patient care, but were also more critical of potential negative impacts on patient-professional relationships. Ease of use (β = 0.374; p = 0.020) was a significant predictor of more favorable usage success. The range of obstacles encountered was also a significant predictor (β = 0.342; p = 0.032) of less favorable evaluation of usage success. Specific factors that hinder successful usage are lack of training (β = 0.303; p = 0.033) and inadequate infrastructure (β = 0.342; p = 0.032).

Conclusions
When working with children, incorporating digital health technologies can be effective for motivation and adherence. However, it is crucial to ensure these tools are implemented properly. The findings of this study underscore the importance of addressing training and infrastructure needs when elaborating technology-specific strategies for multidisciplinary adoption of digital health technologies in pediatric settings.
Clinicians’ experience of barriers and facilitators to care delivery of an extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation service for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a qualitative survey
Authors: Eddison Jasper , Millerchip Oscar , Rosenberg Alex , Lewinsohn Asher , Raitt James 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survival in the UK remains overall poor with fewer than 10% of patients surviving to hospital discharge. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is a developing therapy option that can improve survival in select patients if treatment begins within an hour. Clinicians' perspectives are a pivotal consideration to the development of effective systems for OHCA ECPR, but they have been infrequently explored. This study investigates clinicians' views on the barriers and facilitators to establishing effective systems to facilitate transport of OHCA patients for in-hospital ECPR.

Methods
In January 2023, Thames Valley Air Ambulance (TVAA) and Harefield Hospital developed an ECPR partnership pathway for conveyance of OHCA patients for in-hospital ECPR. The authors of this study conducted a survey of clinicians across both services looking to identify clear barriers and positive contributors to the effective implementation of the programme. The survey included questions about technical and non-technical barriers and facilitators, with free-text responses analysed thematically.

Results
Responses were received from 14 pre-hospital TVAA critical care and 9 in-hospital clinicians’ representative of various roles and experiences. Data analysis revealed 10 key themes and 19 subthemes. The interconnected themes, identified by pre-hospital TVAA critical care clinicians as important barriers or facilitators in this ECPR system included educational programmes; collectiveness in effort and culture; teamwork; inter-service communication; concurrent activity; and clarity of procedures. Themes from in-hospital clinicians’ responses were distilled into key considerations focusing on learning and marginal gains, standardising and simplifying protocols, training and simulation; and nurturing effective teams.

Conclusion
This study identified several clear themes and subthemes from clinical experience that should be considered when developing and modelling an ECPR system for OHCA. These insights may inform future development of ECPR programmes for OHCA in other centres. Key recommendations identified include prioritising education and training (including regular simulations), standardising a ‘pitstop style’ handover process, establishing clear roles during the cannulation process and developing standardised protocols and selection criteria. This study also provides insight into the feasibility of using pre-hospital critical care teams for intra-arrest patient retrieval in the pre-hospital arena.
The spread of the invasive mosquito Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Portugal: a first genetic analysis
Authors: Zé-Zé Líbia , Freitas Inês Campos , Silva Manuel , Soares Patrícia , Alves Maria João , Osório Hugo Costa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Aedes albopictus, commonly known as the Asian tiger mosquito, has become one of the most invasive mosquito species. Over the last 5 decades, it has been introduced and established in various tropical and temperate regions worldwide. First reported in Europe in 1979 in Albania and later in Italy in 1990, the species is now established in 13 European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) countries and 337 regions (2023). In Portugal, Ae. albopictus was first detected in the Algarve and Penafiel regions in 2017, followed by Alentejo in 2022 and Lisbon in 2023. This mosquito species poses a significant public health risk as a vector for numerous pathogenic viruses, including dengue, Zika, and chikungunya.

Methods
Aedes albopictus collected in Lisbon in 2023 were analyzed using cytochrome c oxidase I (COX) gene sequencing to understand their genetic relationships.

Results
Our data indicate that the Ae. albopictus mosquito populations detected in three locations in Lisbon in 2023 correspond to recent but distinct introduction events.

Conclusions
Although there has been no local transmission of Aedes-transmitted viruses in mainland Portugal to date, the spread of the mosquito and increased international travel increase the risk of Aedes-borne disease outbreaks. The ongoing spread of Ae. albopictus in the country and the confirmed multiple introductions in new locations raise awareness of the need to monitor mosquito vectors to control and prevent autochthonous Aedes-borne disease outbreaks.

Graphical Abstract
Comparison of multi-parallel quantitative real-time PCRs targeting different DNA regions and detecting soil-transmitted helminths in stool
Authors: Papaiakovou Marina , Cimino Rubén O. , Pilotte Nils , Dunn Julia , Littlewood D. Timothy J. , Williams Steven A. , Krolewiecki Alejandro J. , Mejia Rojelio 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Soil-transmitted helminths infect an estimated 18% of the world’s population, causing a significant health burden. Microscopy has been the primary tool for diagnosing eggs from fecal samples, but its sensitivity drops in low-prevalence settings. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is slowly increasing in research and clinical settings. However, there is still no consensus on preferred qPCR targets.

Methods
We aimed to compare soil-transmitted helminth (STH) DNA detection methods by testing naïve stool samples spiked with known quantities of STH eggs and larvae. DNA extracts from spiked samples were tested using independent quantitative realtime PCR (qPCR) assays targeting ribosomal or putative non-protein coding satellite sequences.

Results
For Trichuris trichiura, there was a strong correlation between egg/larvae counts and qPCR results using either qPCR method (0.86 and 0.87, respectively). Strong correlations also existed for A. lumbricoides (0.60 and 0.63, respectively), but weaker correlations were found for Ancylostoma duodenale (0.41 for both assays) and Strongyloides stercoralis (0.48 and 0.65, respectively). No correlation for Necator americanus was observed when testing with either qPCR assay. Both assays had fair-to-moderate agreement across targets when using field-collected stool samples (0.28–0.45, for all STHs), except for S. stercoralis (0.12) with slight agreement.

Conclusions
There is a strong correlation between qPCR results and egg/larvae counts. Our study confirms that qPCR is an effective diagnostic tool, even with low-intensity infections, regardless of the DNA-based diagnostic marker used. However, the moderate agreement between the two different qPCR assays when testing field samples highlights the need to understand the role of these targets in the genome so that the parasite burden can be quantified more accurately and consistently by qPCR.

﻿Graphical abstract
Global patterns of syphilis, gonococcal infection, typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, and leprosy from 1990 to 2021: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Authors: Chen Weiye , Chen Yiming , Cheng Zile , Chen Yiwen , Lv Chao , Ma Lingchao , Zhou Nan , Qian Jing , Liu Chang , Li Min , Guo Xiaokui , Zhu Yongzhang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Certain infectious diseases are caused by specific bacterial pathogens, including syphilis, gonorrhea, typhoid and paratyphoid fever, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, leprosy, and tuberculosis. These diseases significantly impact global health, contributing heavily to the disease burden. The study aims to thoroughly evaluate the global burden of syphilis, gonorrhea, typhoid and paratyphoid fever, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, and leprosy.

Methods
Leveraging the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021, age-specific and Socio-demographic Index (SDI)-specific incidence, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and death for eight specific bacterial infections across 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021 were analyzed. Percentage changes in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), DALY rate, and mortality rate (ASMR) were also examined, with a focus on disease distribution across different regions, age groups, genders, and SDI.

Results
By 2021, among the eight diseases, gonococcal infection had the highest global ASIR [1096.58 per 100,000 population, 95% uncertainty interval (UI): 838.70, 1385.47 per 100,000 population], and syphilis had the highest global age-standardized DALY rate (107.13 per 100,000 population, 95% UI: 41.77, 212.12 per 100,000 population). Except for syphilis and gonococcal infection, the age-standardized DALY rate of the remaining diseases decreased by at least 55% compared to 1990, with tetanus showing the largest decrease by at least 90%. Globally, significant declines in the ASIR, age-standardized DALY rate, and ASMR for these eight bacterial infections have been observed in association with increases in the SDI. Regions with lower SDI, such as sub-Saharan Africa, experienced a relatively higher burden of these eight bacterial infections.

Conclusions
Although there has been an overall decline in these eight diseases, they continue to pose significant public health challenges, particularly in low SDI regions. To further reduce this burden in these areas, targeted intervention strategies are essential, including multi-sectoral collaboration, policy support, improved WASH management, and enhanced research efforts.

Graphical Abstract
Clinical Outcomes and Efficacy of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Targeted Therapy in Breast Cancer With Uncommon In Situ Hybridization Patterns or Discordant Immunohistochemistry
Authors: Zhang Qianchen , Freeman Jincong Q. , Zhao Fangyuan , Chen Nan , Nanda Rita , Huo Dezheng , Howard Frederick M. 
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–targeted therapy improves outcomes in HER2+ breast cancer, but efficacy in cases with discordant immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) results or with ASCO/College of American Pathologists (CAP) group 2-4 ISH results remains uncertain. METHODS This retrospective study included patients from the National Cancer Database diagnosed from 2013 to 2021. Cases were classified as classically HER2+ (HER2/centromeric region of chromosome 17 [CEP17] ratio ≥2 with HER2 copy number ≥4, IHC 2-3+), HER2– (ratio <2, copy number <4, IHC 0-2+), discordant ISH/IHC, or HER2+ with ISH group 2 (ratio ≥2, copy number <4), group 3 (ratio <2, copy number ≥6), or group 4 (ratio <2, copy number ≥4 and <6) per ASCO/CAP guidelines. Adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for pathologic complete response (pCR) for these subgroups receiving HER2-targeted therapy was calculated compared with HER2– controls. RESULTS We identified N = 144,013 patients with IHC and dual-probe ISH. Of HER2 IHC 3+ cases (n = 8,579), 8.2%, 2.8%, 4.2%, and 8.8% had ISH categorized as groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 (discordant negative), respectively. Classically, HER2+ (aOR, 2.9 [95% CI, 2.65 to 3.18], P < .001) and group 2 (aOR, 2.38 [95% CI, 1.42 to 3.96], P < .001) treated with HER2-targeted therapy had higher pCR than HER2– controls. Benefit was also seen in group 3 (aOR, 1.63 [95% CI, 1.24 to 2.13], P < .001) and cases with discordant ISH+/IHC– (aOR, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.13 to 2.30], P = .008)—but this was only significant in group 3 cases with copy number ≥8 and discordant ISH+/IHC– cases with HER2/CEP17 ratio ≥3. Group 4 ISH cases and cases with ISH–/IHC+ did not benefit. CONCLUSION Patients with ASCO/CAP group 4, discordant ISH–/IHC+ results, and weakly amplified group 3 and discordant ISH+/IHC– have low benefit from HER2 therapy, and alternative approaches for such patients are needed.
Modeling and analysis of COVID-19 spreading based on complex network theory
Authors: Wang R. F. , Chen Y. S. , Liu Y. W. , Ge L. , Liu Y. , Tang M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Complex networks can effectively describe interactions within real-world complex systems. In researches of epidemic spreading, scientists constructed various physical contact networks between individuals on the microscopic scale and the metapopulation networks on the macroscopic scale. These different types of network structures significantly impact the propagation dynamics of epidemic in human society. For instance, population flows in global airline networks influence the speed and arrival time of epidemics across large-scale space. In this paper we review the epidemic spreading models on various network structures, including fully mixed networks, three types of lower-order networks, three types of higher-order networks, metapopulation networks, and multiple strains competitive epidemic spreading models. We also provide an overview of the application of complex network theory in the COVID-19 pandemic, covering topics of prediction, prevention, and control of the epidemic. Finally, we discuss the strengths and limitations of these models and propose perspectives for future research.
Η μετασχηματίζουσα μάθηση μέσα από την αισθητική εμπειρία στη διαπολιτισμική εκπαίδευση: μια ερευνητική εφαρμογή σε Ρομά μαθητές Δημοτικού Σχολείου για την προσέγγιση της έννοιας «εκπαίδευση»
Authors: Παναγιωτακοπούλου Αρχοντία-Μυρτώ , Νικολάου Γεώργιος 
Published: September 2024

Σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης είναι να διερευνηθεί αν η εφαρμογή της μεθόδου της «Μετασχηματίζουσας Μάθησης μέσα από την Αισθητική Εμπειρία» στους 20 μαθητές ΡομάΓ΄, Δ΄ και Ε΄ Τάξης που φοιτούν στο 13οΔημοτικό Σχολεία είναι τελέσφορη, έτσι ώστε οιεκείνοι να κατανοήσουν τα οφέλη της συμμετοχής τους στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία. Για τον παραπάνω σκοπό ακολουθήσαμε και εστιάσαμε στα βήματα της μεθόδου της μετασχηματίζουσας μάθησης μέσα από την αισθητική εμπειρία. Επιπλέον χρησιμοποιήθηκε η μέθοδος της τριγωνοποίησης (triangulation) για την αναλυτική και επισταμένη διερεύνηση των ερευνητικών ερωτημάτων. Η έρευνά μας απέδειξε πως είναι αναγκαία η εφαρμογή εναλλακτικών και καινοτόμων πρακτικών όπως αυτή της μεθόδου της «Μετασχηματίζουσας Μάθησης μέσα από την Αισθητική Εμπειρία» προκειμένου οι συγκεκριμένοι μαθητές Ρομά της Πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης να κατανοήσουν τα οφέλη της συμμετοχής τους στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία.
Μέτρηση της σχετικής Τεχνικής Αποδοτικότητας των Συστημάτων Ανώτατης Εκπαίδευσης των χωρών της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης: Συγκριτική Αξιολόγηση, κατά τη χρονική περίοδο 2016 – 2020
Authors: Μαργαρίτης Στυλιανός , Τσαμαδιάς Κωνσταντίνος 
Published: September 2024

Περίληψη
Η παρούσα ερευνητική εργασία εκτιμά τη σχετική τεχνική αποδοτικότητα των συστημάτων Ανώτατης Εκπαίδευσης (ΑΕ) των χωρών της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης / EE, της Ευρωζώνης / ΕΖ και άλλων επιλεγμένων ομάδων χωρών, κάνοντας χρήση 3 εισροών και 5 εκροών, με Προσανατολισμό τις Εκροές και την υπόθεση των Μεταβλητών Αποδόσεων Κλίμακας, καθώς και των μέσων ρυθμών μεταβολής της, κατά τη χρονική περίοδο 2016-2020.
Τα ευρήματα της εμπειρικής ανάλυσης αποκαλύπτουν ότι η μέση επίδοση των συστημάτων ΑΕ των χωρών της ΕΕ ως προς την ΤE-ΟΟ είναι 0,892 με εύρος μεταβολής 0,479 και μέσο ρυθμό μεταβολής 0,05 με εύρος μεταβολής 51,30. Η μέση τιμή της ΤΕ-ΟΟ των συστημάτων ΑΕ των χωρών της ΕΖ είναι 0,899 με εύρος μεταβολής 0,479 και μέσο ρυθμό μεταβολής 0,07 με εύρος μεταβολής 51,30. Δηλαδή, τα συστήματα ΑΕ των χωρών της ΕΖ είχαν υψηλότερη μέση επίδοση.
Λέξεις κλειδιά: Αποδοτικότητα, Ανώτατη, Εκπαίδευση, Αξιολόγηση.
Ο Ρόλος του Ψηφιακού Μετασχηματισμού και της Διοίκησης Ανθρώπινου Δυναμικού στην Περιφερειακή Αυτοδιοίκηση: Η περίπτωση της Περιφέρειας Πελοποννήσου
Authors: Τζαβέλλα Βασιλική , Λαζακίδου Αθηνά 
Published: September 2024

Ο Ψηφιακός Μετασχηματισμός του Δημόσιου Τομέα είναι ένα επίκαιρο θέμα που απασχολεί όλο και περισσότερο τις κυβερνήσεις καθώς η τεχνολογία αναπτύσσεται με ραγδαίους ρυθμούς και διεισδύει όλο και περισσότερο στην καθημερινότητα των πολιτών (Ρηγόπουλος, 2017). Η ηλεκτρονική διακυβέρνηση αποτελεί μία ουσιαστική ευκαιρία ριζικού ψηφιακού μετασχηματισμού για τη Δημόσια Διοίκηση(Σπινέλλης κ.ά., 2018). Αναδύεται επιπλέον η ανάγκη για βελτίωση των ψηφιακών δεξιοτήτων των πολιτών όσο και των εργαζομένων στον δημόσιο τομέα για αποτελεσματικότερες δημόσιες ψηφιακές υπηρεσίες (Σπινέλλης, κ.ά., 2021). Ο σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης είναι να εξετάσει τη μετάβαση της Δημόσιας Διοίκησης στην ψηφιακή εποχή σε σχέση με κύριους αποδέκτες τους διοικητικούς υπαλλήλους. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, κι επειδή έως τώρα είναι πολύ περιορισμένη η καταγραφή στο χώρο της Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης Β΄ βαθμού στην Πελοπόννησο με τις γεωγραφικές ιδιαιτερότητες και περιφερειακές ανισότητες που την διέπουν, διερευνάται ο ρόλος του Ψηφιακού Μετασχηματισμού και της Διοίκησης Ανθρώπινου Δυναμικού στην Περιφερειακή Αυτοδιοίκηση και ειδικότερα στην Περιφέρεια Πελοποννήσου. Διενεργήθηκε ποσοτική έρευνα μέσω της συλλογής στοιχείων βασισμένη σε ερωτηματολόγιο δομημένο, με βάση την βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση, σε πέντε υποενόητες αναφορικά με τα ερευνητικά ερωτήματα. Για την επιλογή του δείγματος ακολουθήθηκε η μέθοδος της απλής τυχαίας δειγματοληψίας. Μέσω της έρευνα επιχειρείται η αξιολόγηση της ικανοποίησης των υπαλλήλων από τις δράσεις της Περιφέρειας Πελοποννήσου για τον ψηφιακό εκσυγχρονισμό της σχετικά με συγκεκριμένες προϋποθέσεις που τέθηκαν (Ανθρώπινο Δυναμικό, Συνεργασίες και Πόροι, Διοικητικές Διαδικασίες, Ψηφιακές Δεξιότητες ), του βαθμού ικανοποίησης των υπαλλήλων για τα εκπαιδευτικά προγράμματα εκμάθησης των νέων πληροφοριακών συστημάτων και της βελτίωσης της αποδοτικότητας και της παραγωγικότητας των υπαλλήλων της, καθώς και αν οι συνθήκες είναι ώριμες στην Περιφέρεια Πελοποννήσου για την αποτελεσματική και αποδοτική εφαρμογή ψηφιακών εργαλείων που αναβαθμίζουν τις ψηφιακές δεξιότητες των υπαλλήλων της. Από την ανάλυση των αποτελεσμάτων, οδηγούμαστε σε συμπεράσματα σχετικά με τη σύγκλιση της αξιολόγησης των υπαλλήλων στη δήλωση ικανοποίησής τους ως προς τις προϋποθέσεις για τον ψηφιακό μετασχηματισμό του Οργανισμού με παράλληλη μελέτη της συσχέτισης μεταξύ των προϋποθέσεων ψηφιακού εκσυγχρονισμού και διατυπώνονται προτάσεις για περαιτέρω έρευνα.
Η ψυχική ανθεκτικότητα ως μοχλός ενίσχυσης της ηγετικής αποτελεσματικότητας στην εποχή της βιώσιμης ανάπτυξης.
Authors: Δόλογλου Μαρία 
Published: September 2024

Περίληψη
Η ψυχική ανθεκτικότητα αναδεικνύεται ως κρίσιμος παράγοντας που επηρεάζει την ηγετική αποτελεσματικότητα στην εποχή της βιώσιμης ανάπτυξης. Η βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη, που εστιάζει στην ισορροπία ανάμεσα στην οικονομική ανάπτυξη, την κοινωνική ευημερία και την προστασία του περιβάλλοντος, απαιτεί αισιόδοξους ηγέτες με κουράγιο και ανθεκτικότητα. Αυτό το άρθρο εξετάζει τον ρόλο της ψυχικής ανθεκτικότητας στην βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη και την εφαρμογή των στόχων της Οι ανθεκτικοί ηγέτες αντιμετωπίζουν αποτελεσματικά τις προκλήσεις και επιτυγχάνουν τους στόχους τους. Η ψυχική ανθεκτικότητα εμφανίζεται ως κρίσιμη ηγετική δεξιότητα που επιτρέπει στους ηγέτες να προσαρμόζονται στις μεταβαλλόμενες συνθήκες και να διατηρούν μακροπρόθεσμη προοπτική. Σε αυτήν τη μελέτη, διερευνούμε τον ρόλο της ανθεκτικής ηγεσίας, επισημαίνοντας την αξία της ψυχικής ανθεκτικότητας ως κινητήρια δύναμη για την επίτευξη των στόχων της βιώσιμης ανάπτυξης στην νέα εποχή για την ανθρωπότητα και την αειφορία.
Abstract
Psychological resilience is emerging as a critical factor influencing leadership effectiveness in the era of sustainable development. Sustainable development, which focuses on the balance between economic growth, social well-being and environmental protection, requires optimistic leaders with courage and resilience. This article examines the role of mental resilience in sustainable development and the implementation of its goals. Resilient leaders effectively face challenges and achieve their goals. Psychological resilience emerges as a critical leadership skill that enables leaders to adapt to changing conditions and maintain a long-term perspective. In this study, we explore the role of resilient leadership, highlighting the value of psychological resilience as a driver for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in the new era for humanity and sustainability.
Intersectionality: Affirmative Action with Multidimensional Identities
Authors: Carvalho Jean-Paul , Pradelski Bary S. R. , Williams Cole 
Published: September 2024

Studying the design of affirmative action policies when identities are multidimensional, we provide a formal demonstration of the importance of intersectionality. Prevailing affirmative action policies are based only on one identity dimension (e.g., race, gender, socioeconomic class). We find that any such nonintersectional policy can almost never achieve a representative outcome. In fact, nonintersectional policies often increase the underrepresentation of underrepresented groups in a manner undetected by standard measures. Examples based on race and gender reveal significant hidden inequality arising from nonintersectional policies. We show how to construct intersectional policies that achieve proportional representation. This paper was accepted by Dorothea Kübler, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: This work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund [FG 6-G, I 3487] and the Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-19-CE48-0018-01, ANR-19-P3IA-0003, and ANR-23-PEIA-0003].