bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Activity of Bauhinia forficata Link and Cnidoscolus quercifolius Extracts commonly Used in Folk Medicine
Authors: de Brito Costa Edja Maria Melo , Rosalen Pedro L , Pereira Jozinete V , Alves Erika P , de F Lima Rennaly , de Almeida Carolina M , Freires Irlan A , Ruiz Ana LTG , Granville-Garcia Ana F , Godoy Gustavo P 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Background
Bauhinia forficata and Cnidoscolus quercifolius plants are commonly used in folk medicine. However, few studies have investigated their therapeutic potential.

Aim
Herein, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of B. forficata and C. quercifolius extracts against microorganisms of clinical relevance and their antiproliferative potential against tumor cells.

Materials and methods
The following tests were performed: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)/minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), inhibition of biofilm adhesion, and effects on cell morphology. Antiproliferative tests were carried out with human keratinocytes and six tumor lines.

Results
Bauhinia forficata showed antimicrobial activity only against C. albicans with MIC of 15.62 μg/mL and MFC higher than 2000 μg/mL. It also inhibited biofilm adhesion and caused alterations in cell morphology. Cnidoscolus quercifolius showed no significant activity (MIC > 2.0 mg/mL) against the strains. Bauhinia forficata and C. quercifolius extracts showed cytostatic activity against the tumor cells.

Conclusion
Bauhinia forficata has promising anti-Candida activity and should be further investigated for its therapeutic potential.

Clinical significance
The use of medicinal plants in the treatment of infectious processes has an important nowadays, due to the limitations of the use of synthetic antibiotics available, related specifically to the microbial resistance emergence.

How to cite this article
Alves EP, de F Lima R, de Almeida CM, Freires IA, Rosalen PL, Ruiz ALTG, Granville-Garcia AF, Godoy GP, Pereira JV, de Brito Costa EMM. Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Activity of Bauhinia forficata Link and Cnidoscolus quercifolius Extracts commonly Used in Folk Medicine. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(8):635-640.
Comparison of Film Thickness of Two Commercial Brands of Glass Ionomer Cement and One Dual-cured Composite: An in vitro Study
Authors: Gupta Naveen , Khajuria Rajat R , Singh Rishav , Barua Pranamee , Hajira Nausheen 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
The present study is undertaken to examine the film thickness of three most commonly used luting cements and to determine their usage as a luting agent.

Materials and methods
This study was carried out strictly according to the guidelines of American Dental Association (ADS) specification no. 8. Two glass slabs of 5 cm in length and 2 cm in width were used. One glass slab was kept over the other glass slab and the space between the two glass slabs was measured using metallurgical microscope at the power of 10×. Two brands of glass ionomer cement (GIC) and one dualcured resin cement were used in this study. The test cement is sandwiched between two glass slabs. A static load of 15 kg was applied using universal testing machine on the glass slabs for 1 hour and the space present between the two glass slabs was measured using metallurgical microscope at the power of 10×.

Results
Greatest film thickness was found in group III (Paracore) followed by group II (micron) and lowest in group I (GC luting and lining cement). All the tested samples can be used for luting purposes.

Conclusion
Greatest film thickness was observed in Paracore followed by micron and lowest in GC luting and lining cement. This suggests that the 25 to 27°C is ideal for mixing of the cement when used for luting consistency. The cement with film thickness more than 30 µm should never be used for luting purposes.

Clinical significance
The dentist should choose the luting cement with utmost care noting the film thickness and bond strength of the cement. The cement with low exothermic heat production and good bond strength should be encouraged.

How to cite this article
Khajuria RR, Singh R, Barua P, Hajira N, Gupta N, Thakkar RR. Comparison of Film Thickness of Two Commercial Brands of Glass Ionomer Cement and One Dualcured Composite: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(8):670-674.
Tobacco Abuse and Associated Oral Lesions among Interstate Migrant Construction Workers
Authors: Anzil KSA , Mohammed Arshad , Thomas Archana A , Paul Shann , Shahul M , Kasim K 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of tobacco use and associated oral mucosal lesions among construction workers of Cochin, Kerala, India.

Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was carried at various construction sites of Cochin and 2,163 workers were selected using multistage sampling method and were interviewed and examined. Information regarding demographic details, form, type, frequency of tobacco use, earlier attempt to quit, and willingness to quit tobacco use was obtained using predesigned questionnaire. The oral health status was recorded on the World Health Organization oral health assessment form 1997, and the examination was carried out under natural light using mouth mirrors and probe. Data thus collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 17 (Chicago, Illinois, USA) statistical software package. Chisquare test was applied.

Results
Among the 2,163 workers, 1,952 were tobacco users and 211 were nonusers. Among the users, 1,021 use smokeless form, 372 use smoked form, and 559 use both. Premalignant lesions/conditions were more commonly seen with tobacco habit, with leukoplakia (14.75%) being the most common followed by oral submucous fibrosis in 201 (9.3%), candidiasis in 123 (5.7%), ulceration in 131 (6.05%), abscess in 59 (2.73%), smokers palate in 58 (2.68%), lichen planus in 21 (0.97%), and malignant tumor in 2 (0.1%).

Conclusion
Commonness of abusive habits and oral premalignant lesions or conditions was considerable among the workers. Control and early diagnosis through workplace screening are the major backbones for the control of oral cancer.

Clinical significance
Building workers are unprotected from various health hazards at workplace. Lack of access to health services makes the situation unsatisfactory. Poor literacy and low socioeconomic status have resulted in practice of tobacco, smoking, and chewing in the majority of them. Hence, it is our responsibility to find and guide them with a proper oral health education.

How to cite this article
Ali AKS, Mohammed A, Thomas AA, Paul S, Shahul M, Kasim K. Tobacco Abuse and Associated Oral Lesions among Interstate Migrant Construction Workers. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(8):695-699.
Lingual Frenectomy in Joubert Syndrome
Authors: Gurjar Vivek , Gurjar Minal , Pattanshetti Channaveer , Sankeshwari Banashree 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
Our aim is to present a case of a rare disorder, such as Joubert syndrome (JS) which required oral surgical intervention under general anesthesia at a very young age to help in achieving normal developmental milestones.

Background
Ciliopathies are an emerging class of diseases of which JS is a significant member. There have been very few cases of JS with its distinguishing features which have been reported in recent literature.

Case report
We herewith present a case of JS who reported to our unit with a complaint of speech abnormality. Intraoral examination revealed a tongue-tie which was planned for surgical release. As any drugs that interfere with respiratory depression have to be used with utmost care, adequate precautions were taken in this case and the patient was treated under general anesthesia. The tongue-tie was released and associated hamartomatous outgrowths from the floor of the mouth were also excised. Appropriate postoperative care was taken and the patient was discharged.

Conclusion
The patient treated by us did not reveal any significant intraoperative or postoperative complications. Treatment of cases of JS required a team effort of multiple dental and medical specialists. Long-term follow-up of such patients is required so that they achieve normal chronological development.

Clinical significance
Joubert syndrome being a rare disorder requires special anesthetic care during any surgical procedure, especially that involving the oral cavity. The need and timing of surgical intervention in such cases should be carefully assessed and appropriate precautions should be taken.

How to cite this article
Gurjar V, Gurjar M, Pattanshetti C, Sankeshwari B. Lingual Frenectomy in Joubert Syndrome. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(8):728-731.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography to Better understand Glaucoma
Authors: Holló Gábor 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT
The term optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) comprises different OCT-based technologies which all allow noninvasive assessment of retinal perfusion, based on moving red blood cells. The main areas where OCTA is currently used are investigation of perfusion and vascular structure of the macular retina (e.g., in macular degenerations and diabetic macular diseases) and the disk and peripapillary retina (in glaucoma and other optic disk diseases). The current editorial provides a brief overview on the potential of OCTA and its use to measure perfusion in the peripapillary retina in glaucoma.

How to cite this article
Holló G. Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography to Better understand Glaucoma. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2017;11(2):35-37.
Role of High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein as a Predictor of Severity of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Correlation with Clinical Parameters
Authors: Patil Mamatha B , Abhishek M , Pradeep BK 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. By 2020, the World Health Organization predicts that COPD will become the third leading cause of death and the fifth leading cause of disability worldwide. The COPD is a complex disease characterized by slowly progressive and largely irreversible airflow obstruction due to chronic bronchitis and emphysema and associated with systemic inflammation.ObjectiveThis study aimed to correlate the plasma levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) with severity of COPD and pulmonary function tests [PFTs; according to Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stages] and find out the relation between hs-CRP levels and clinical parameters of age, number of pack years, and body mass index (BMI) of the patient.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study of 102 male patients with clinically and spirometrically diagnosed cases of COPD was performed. Data on patient's demographic characteristics, pack years, BMI, PFTs, and hs-CRP were analyzed.ResultsA total of 76 of the patients had moderate airflow obstruction (GOLD stages II and III), mild airflow obstruction was present in 14 patients (GOLD stage I), and 12 patients had severe airflow obstruction (GOLD stage IV). The hs-CRP was normal in 6 patients, while it was raised in 96 patients. The value of hs-CRP was correlated with age, pack years, BMI, and GOLD stages. There was a significant negative correlation between hs-CRP and BMI and a significant positive correlation between hs-CRP and age, pack years, and GOLD stages.ConclusionA raised level of CRP in COPD indicates reduced lung function; it plays an important role in systemic inflammation. This study supports the role of hs-CRP as a simple, cost-effective biochemical marker in the staging and determining the severity of COPD other than spirometry.How to cite this articlePatil MB, Abhishek M, Pradeep BK. Role of High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein as a Predictor of Severity of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Correlation with Clinical Parameters. J Med Sci 2017;3(2):50-54.
Study of Prevalence of Hypomagnesemia in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Rekha NH , Bharath MS , Channakeshava SP 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionDiabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder. Prevalence of diabetes is increasing globally and it is one of the major health problems of the 21st century. The disturbance in serum magnesium (SMg) has been reported among patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Hypomagnesemia has negative impact on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in patients with type II diabetes mellitus.AimThis study was undertaken to know the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in patients with type II diabetes mellitus and its relation with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The study was conducted on 200 patients with type II diabetes and 100 healthy controls at RajaRajeswari Medical College & Hospital, Bengaluru.ResultsOut of 200 diabetic patients, 115 (57%) had hypomagnesemia. We observed mean SMg (1.7 mg) significantly low in diabetic patients compared with controls (2.1 mg). We also found HbA1c was high (9%) in hypomagnesemia patients. We found that diabetic hypomagnesemic patients had high mean fasting blood glucose (242.6 mg%) and postprandial blood sugar (313 mg%) than controls.How to cite this articleRekha NH, Bharath MS, Channakeshava SP. Study of Prevalence of Hypomagnesemia in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. J Med Sci 2017;3(2):55-58.
HÁBITOS DE SAÚDE BUCAL EM ADOLESCENTES: RESULTADOS DE UM PROJETO DE EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA
Authors: Lorena Sobrinho José Eudes de , Muniz Ítala Kiev De Moura , Silva Maria Geisiane De Souza , Pessoa Gabriel Silva , Freitas Isabella Maria Oliveira de , Quaresma João Nilson Marcelino 
Published: August 2017

Comportamentos e hábitos saudáveis relacionados à dieta e higiene oral influenciam positivamente as condições de saúde bucal do individuo, sendo um componente primordial para que a saúde geral. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar os resultados relativos aos hábitos de saúde bucal em adolescentes de uma escola pública estadual do município de Caruaru, Pernambuco, onde foram realizadas ações do Projeto de Extensão Gestão, Epidemiologia e Planejamento em Saúde Bucal. Os estudantes extensionistas participaram previamente de oficinas teórico-práticas para elaboração da ficha de coleta de dados e a aplicaram a 120 adolescentes. Análises descritivas e elaboração das tabelas e gráficos foram realizadas no Programa Microsoft Excel. Verificou-se que os adolescentes estudados possuem hábitos e comportamentos relativamente saudáveis quanto à higiene oral, mas que ainda se toram imprescindíveis a implementação de ações de promoção e prevenção em saúde bucal.
Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) Expression in Either Tumor Cells or Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells Correlates With Solid and High-Grade Lung Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Driver Brandon R. , Miller Ross A. , Miller Tara , Deavers Michael , Gorman Blythe , Mody Dina , Ge Yimin , Barrios Roberto , Bernicker Eric , Kim Min , Cagle Philip T. 
Published: August 2017

Context.—
Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is heterogeneous and known to be underestimated on small biopsies. Correlation of PD-L1 expression with clinicopathologic features may provide additional useful information. To our knowledge, the clinicopathologic features of NSCLC have not been reported for subsets defined by PD-L1 expression in either tumor cells or tumor-infiltrating immune cells.

Objective.—
To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics of NSCLC subsets defined by PD-L1 expression in either tumor cells or tumor-infiltrating immune cells.

Design.—
PD-L1 immunohistochemistry with the SP142 clone was performed on whole-tissue sections and given semiquantitative scores (0/1/2/3) according to percent of PD-L1+ tumor cells (TCs) and percent tumor area with PD-L1+ tumor-infiltrating immune cells (ICs).

Results.—
Adenocarcinoma cases that were scored either TC 1/2/3 or IC 1/2/3 included most (22 of 34; 65%) high–histologic grade cases and most (25 of 36; 69%) solid subtype cases. Compared with the adenocarcinoma TC 0 and IC 0 subset, the TC 1/2/3 or IC 1/2/3 subset correlated with higher histologic grade (P = .005, χ2 test for trend) and solid subtype (P &lt; .001, Fisher exact test). Compared with the adenocarcinoma TC 0/1 or IC 0/1 subset, the TC 2/3 or IC 2/3 subset correlated with higher histologic grade (P = .002, χ2 test for trend), solid subtype (P &lt; .001, Fisher exact test), and higher smoking pack-years (P = .01, Mann-Whitney test).

Conclusions.—
Lung adenocarcinoma subsets defined by PD-L1 expression in either tumor cells or tumor-infiltrating immune cells correlated with high histologic grade, solid subtype, and high smoking pack-years.
Le Cenacolo de Leonardo da Vinci
Authors: Bauer Olivier , Labonté Nancy 
Published: August 2017

Pourquoi Léonard de Vinci a-t-il, notamment, placé des anguilles, des harengs et des oranges sur la table de sa représentation de la Dernière Cène ? Pourquoi y fait-il figurer une salière renversée devant Judas ? Sachant qu’il ne sera plus possible de connaître les intentions de l’artiste, les auteurs mettent à l’épreuve quatre hypothèses qui peuvent nous aider à comprendre la valeur de chacun des aliments figurant sur la peinture. Tour à tour, ils évaluent si les aliments correspondent à ceux mentionnés dans les récits du Nouveau Testament, à ceux que Léonard aimait manger ; si leur goût ou leur nom leur donne une valeur symbolique particulière. Leur parcours rigoureux à travers l’exégèse biblique, les biographies de Léonard de Vinci, l’histoire médiévale de l’alimentation et la sémiotique de l’image, leur permet de conclure que le maître du sfumato a probablement « enfumé » celles et ceux qui ont contemplé son Cenacolo, en leur proposant une oeuvre en « trompe-la-bouche ».
Choisir l’absence de repas : le jeûne
Authors: Ollivry-Dumairieh Florence 
Published: August 2017

Tandis que le repas occupe une place importante dans la vie religieuse juive, chrétienne ou musulmane, il appert que la pratique du jeûne y occupe elle aussi une place centrale. Qu’implique cette prescription au plan théologique ? Comprend-elle une exhortation à renoncer à nourrir l’organisme, à mépriser ce monde ? Ou bien a-t-elle au contraire pour fonction de nous préparer à célébrer les fruits de la Création au cours d’un repas ? De nous permettre de mieux apprécier la saveur d’un « dé-jeûner » ? J’explore dans cet article les implications théologiques du jeûne dans le judaïsme, le christianisme et l’islam. J’étudie les écrits de certaines figures spirituelles (mystiques, moines, ascètes) relatifs à cette pratique et je m’efforce de comprendre quelle relation au corps, à la Création, à la vie et à la mort induit le jeûne dans les trois religions étudiées.
Anomalously high rate refilling in the near lunar wake caused by the Earth's bow shock
Authors: Xu Xiaojun , Wong Hon‐Cheng , Ma Yonghui , Wang Yi , Zuo Pingbing , Zhou Meng , Pang Ye , Deng Xiaohua 
Published: August 2017

AbstractOn 28 July 2012, the Earth's bow shock crossed the lunar wake and was detected by the two ARTEMIS lunar orbiters in the solar wind and lunar wake, respectively. The bow shock and the Moon as well as the lunar wake have a very complicated interaction leading to some results that are very different from the ordinary bow shock and lunar wake. Our findings in this study include three main aspects. First, the bow shock has been deformed and thus collapsed as previously reported in the lunar wake. Second, ions and electrons with a density of up to 6.8 cm−3 refill in the near wake (<1 lunar radius from the lunar surface). The refilling electrons consist of two portions: drifting electrons and parallelly advecting electrons, while the refilling ions are all field aligned. Third, a current bifurcation within the shock ramp in the solar wind has been strengthened in relatively central part of the near wake. Our analysis strongly suggests that the bow shock has already been collapsed before it enters into the lunar wake caused by the interaction with the diamagnetic current system. Electrons with large pitch angles can be trapped in the strengthened bifurcation and taken into the near wake. However, both low‐energy electrons and ions can easily enter into the near wake, which is very different from ordinary lunar wake pattern. We infer that the drifting and trapped electrons may have played an important role in this event.
Mineral paragenesis on Mars: The roles of reactive surface area and diffusion
Authors: Fairén Alberto G. , Gil‐Lozano Carolina , Uceda Esther R. , Losa‐Adams Elisabeth , Davila Alfonso F. , Gago‐Duport Luis 
Published: August 2017

AbstractGeochemical models of secondary mineral precipitation on Mars generally assume semiopen systems (open to the atmosphere but closed at the water‐sediment interface) and equilibrium conditions. However, in natural multicomponent systems, the reactive surface area of primary minerals controls the dissolution rate and affects the precipitation sequences of secondary phases, and simultaneously, the transport of dissolved species may occur through the atmosphere‐water and water‐sediment interfaces. Here we present a suite of geochemical models designed to analyze the formation of secondary minerals in basaltic sediments on Mars, evaluating the role of (i) reactive surface areas and (ii) the transport of ions through a basalt sediment column. We consider fully open conditions, both to the atmosphere and to the sediment, and a kinetic approach for mineral dissolution and precipitation. Our models consider a geochemical scenario constituted by a basin (i.e., a shallow lake) where supersaturation is generated by evaporation/cooling and the starting point is a solution in equilibrium with basaltic sediments. Our results show that cation removal by diffusion, along with the input of atmospheric volatiles and the influence of the reactive surface area of primary minerals, plays a central role in the evolution of the secondary mineral sequences formed. We conclude that precipitation of evaporites finds more restrictions in basaltic sediments of small grain size than in basaltic sediments of greater grain size.
Modulation of midtropospheric methane by El Niño
Authors: Corbett Abigail , Jiang Xun , Xiong Xiaozhen , Kao Angela , Li Liming 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAtmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) midtropospheric methane (CH4) data are utilized to study the variation of methane concentrations over the Pacific Ocean with an emphasis on the correlation to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). When El Niño events happen, the rising air over the central Pacific can bring low surface concentrations of CH4 over the ocean into midtroposphere, resulting in a reduction of midtropospheric CH4 over the region. On the contrary, the rising air over the western Pacific brings low surface CH4 to the midtroposphere during the La Nina events, which leads to negative midtropospheric CH4 anomalies over the western Pacific. In the horizontal direction, there are stronger southward winds during El Niño than La Niña months in the region of the western Pacific Ocean. The stronger southward winds during El Niño can enhance the transport of high‐concentration CH4 from the Northern Hemisphere to the tropical western Pacific region and contribute to the positive CH4 anomalies over the region. The difference of midtropospheric CH4 can reach +15 ppb (−15 ppb) over the western (central) Pacific between El Niño and La Niña events. The noteworthy difference of CH4 has a significant correlation to the Southern Oscillation Index with a correlation coefficient of 0.74. The change in the transports associated with the ENSO event is an important factor for CH4 anomalies in the middle troposphere. Results found in this study can help us better understand the spatiotemporal variability of methane.