bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neue DIN 4085 – Berechnung des Erddrucks
Authors: Hettler Achim 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDIN 4085: 2011‐05, die ursprünglich 2005 zum ersten Mal veröffentlicht wurde, wird 2017 durch eine vollständig überarbeitete sowie an neuere wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse angepasste Neufassung ersetzt. Im folgenden Beitrag soll eine kurze Übersicht gegeben und auf wesentliche Änderungen eingegangen werden.
A platinized stainless steel fiber with in‐situ coated polyaniline/polypyrrole/graphene oxide nanocomposite sorbent for headspace solid‐phase microextraction of aliphatic aldehydes in rice samples
Authors: Ghiasvand Alireza , Nasirian Afagh , Koonani Samira , Nouriasl Kolsoum 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe surface of a stainless steel fiber was made larger, porous and cohesive by platinizing for tight attachment of its coating. Then it was coated by a polyaniline/polypyrrole/graphene oxide (PANI/PP/GO) nanocomposite film using electrochemical polymerization. The prepared PANI/PP/GO fiber was used for headspace solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME) of linear aliphatic aldehydes in rice samples followed by GC‐FID determination. To achieve the highest extraction efficiency, various experimental parameters including extraction time and temperature, matrix modifier and desorption condition were studied. The linear calibration curves were obtained over the range of 0.05–20 μg g−1 (R2 > 0.99) for C4–C11 aldehydes. The limits of detection were found to be in the range of 0.01–0.04 μg g−1. RSD values were calculated to be <7.4 and 10.7% for intra‐ and inter‐day, respectively. The superiority of the prepared nanocomposite SPME fiber was established by comparison of its results with those obtained by polydimethylsiloxane, carbowax–divinylbenzene, divinylbenzene–carboxen–polydimethylsiloxane and polyacrylate commercial ones. Finally, the nanocomposite fiber was used to extract and determine linear aliphatic aldehydes in 18 rice samples.
Folate functionalized silicon nanowires with highly enhanced adhesion to cancer cells
Authors: Shadmani Saeid , Salehi Zeinab , Doosthosseini Hamid , Mohajerzadeh Shams , Roozbahani Sahar 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this study, we implemented a functionalization process on the surface of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) which were fabricated by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method in a low‐pressure CVD (LPCVD) chamber. Surface functionalization was carried out in three stages: hydroxylation of the surface with piranha solution, silanization with a solution of 3‐Aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) in n‐hexane, and finally functionalization with folic acid as a detection agent. Optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy techniques were used to experimentally characterize materials. Surface functionalization was evaluated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier‐Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR‐ATR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Miscoscopy (FESEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Cell adhesion to functionalized and non‐functionalized silicon nanowires was compared; a cell assay analysis on lung metastatic cells was conducted. Lung cancer metastatic QUDB cells were seeded on a SiNWs surface in RPMI1640 complete medium. To evaluate the adhesion of cancer cells to these surfaces FESEM imaging was used. The number of cancer cells trapped on the folic acid functionalized SiNWs was found to be approximately 3 times higher than that of the non‐functionalized ones.
Electrocatalytic Mechanism Involving Michaelis–Menten Kinetics at the Preparative Scale: Theory and Applicability to Photocurrents from a Photosynthetic Algae Suspension With Quinones
Authors: Longatte Guillaume , Guille‐Collignon Manon , Lemaître Frédéric 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn the past years, many strategies have been implemented to benefit from oxygenic photosynthesis to harvest photosynthetic electrons and produce a significant photocurrent. Therefore, electrochemical tools were considered and have globally relied on the electron transfer(s) between the photosynthetic chain and a collecting electrode. In this context, we recently reported the implementation of an electrochemical set‐up at the preparative scale to produce photocurrents from a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii algae suspension with an appropriate mediator (2,6‐DCBQ) and a carbon gauze as the working electrode. In the present work, we wish to describe a mathematical modeling of the recorded photocurrents to better understand the effects of the experimental conditions on the photosynthetic extraction of electrons. In that way, we established a general model of an electrocatalytic mechanism at the preparative scale (that is, assuming a homogenous bulk solution at any time and a constant diffusion layer, both assumptions being valid under forced convection) in which the chemical step involves a Michaelis–Menten‐like behaviour. Dependences of transient and steady‐state corresponding currents were analysed as a function of different parameters by means of zone diagrams. This model was tested to our experimental data related to photosynthesis. The corresponding results suggest that competitive pathways beyond photosynthetic harvesting alone should be taken into account.
An algorithm for the selection of effective error correction coding in wireless networks based on a lookup table structure
Authors: Pham Thanh‐Nam , Tsai Ming‐Fong , Wu Tin‐Yu , Guizani Nadra 
Published: June 2017

SummaryIn this paper, we propose an adaptive Forward Error Correction (FEC) coding algorithm at the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer used in wireless networks. Our algorithm is based on the lookup table architecture, including a distance lookup table and a bit error rate lookup table. These tables will store the best value of the FEC codes based on different distances and bit error rates. Because radio channels change over time, the bit error rate is always changing, or in the case of mobile nodes, when the transmission distance changes, the bit error rate also changes, so previously proposed algorithms take longer to find the optimal value of the FEC code for data transmission. Our proposed algorithm, however, is based on 2 lookup tables, and thus, it can always quickly select an optimal FEC code during early data transmissions and achieve high performance. We compare our algorithm with other methods based on performance metrics such as the recovery overhead of FEC codes, energy efficiency, and peak‐signal‐to‐noise ratio values in the case of image transmission. Our simulation indicates that the proposed algorithm achieves better performances and proves the correctness of the proposed lookup table architecture.
Neural Probe with Multiple Optical Stimulation in Depth Direction
Authors: TAMAKI SHUNSUKE , MATSUNAGA TADAO , KUKI TOSHINOBU , MUSHIAKE HAJIME , FURUSAWA YOSHIHITO , HAGA YOICHI 
Published: June 2017

SUMMARYIn this paper, tube‐shaped neural probe that has eight recording areas and three optical emitting points using with optogenetics technique for neural circuit analysis has been developed. Outer diameter of tube is 360 μm, the recording areas and the optical emitting points arranged in a depth direction. The optical emitting points make it possible to stimulate neurons in various depth areas respectively. We demonstrated the recording and stimulating of neurons in vivo experiment. As the result, the probe got light‐induced neural activities at all the optical emitting points.
Spatiotemporal modeling of ecological and sociological predictors of West Nile virus in Suffolk County, NY, mosquitoes
Authors: Myer Mark H. , Campbell Scott R. , Johnston John M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSuffolk County, New York, is a locus for West Nile virus (WNV) infection in the American northeast that includes the majority of Long Island to the east of New York City. The county has a system of light and gravid traps used for mosquito collection and disease monitoring. In order to identify predictors of WNV incidence in mosquitoes and predict future occurrence of WNV, we have developed a spatiotemporal Bayesian model, beginning with over 40 ecological, meteorological, and built‐environment covariates. A mixed‐effects model including spatially and temporally correlated errors was fit to WNV surveillance data from 2008 to 2014 using the R package “R‐INLA,” which allows for Bayesian modeling using the stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) approach. The integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) SPDE allows for simultaneous fitting of a temporal parameter and a spatial covariance, while incorporating a variety of likelihood functions and running in R statistical software on a home computer. We found that land cover classified as open water and woody wetlands had a negative association with WNV incidence in mosquitoes, and the count of septic systems was associated with an increase in WNV. Mean temperature at two‐week lag was associated with a strong positive impact, while mean precipitation at no lag and one‐week lag was associated with positive and negative impacts on WNV, respectively. Incorporation of spatiotemporal factors resulted in a marked increase in model goodness‐of‐fit. The predictive power of the model was evaluated on 2015 surveillance results, where the best model achieved a sensitivity of 80.9% and a specificity of 77.0%. The spatial covariate was mapped across the county, identifying a gradient of WNV prevalence increasing from east to west. The Bayesian spatiotemporal model improves upon previous approaches, and we recommend the INLA SPDE methodology as an efficient way to develop robust models from surveillance data to develop and enhance monitoring and control programs. Our study confirms previously found associations between weather conditions and WNV and suggests that wetland cover has a mitigating effect on WNV infection in mosquitoes, while high septic system density is associated with an increase in WNV infection.
Theory and implementation of switch‐based hybrid simulation technology for earthquake engineering applications
Authors: Yang T.Y. , Tung Dorian P. , Li Yuanjie , Lin Jian Yuan , Li Kang , Guo Wei 
Published: June 2017

SummaryHybrid simulation (HS) is a novel technique to combine analytical and experimental sub‐assemblies to examine the dynamic responses of a structure during an earthquake shaking. Traditionally, HS uses displacement‐based control where the finite element program calculates trial displacements and applies them to both the analytical and experimental sub‐assemblies. Displacement‐based HS (DHS) has been proven to work well for most structural sub‐assemblies. However, for specimens with high stiffness, traditional DHS does not work because it is difficult to precisely control hydraulic actuators in small displacement. A small control error in displacement will result in large force response fluctuations for stiff specimens. This paper resolves this challenge by proposing a force‐based HS (FHS) algorithm that directly calculates trial forces instead of trial displacements. The proposed FHS is finite element based and applicable to both linear and nonlinear systems. For specimens with drastic changes in stiffness, such as yielding, a switch‐based HS (SHS) algorithm is proposed. A stiffness‐based switching criterion between the DHS and FHS algorithms is presented in this paper. All the developed algorithms are applied to a simple one‐story one‐bay concentrically braced moment frame. The result shows that SHS outperforms DHS and FHS. SHS is then utilized to validate the seismic performance of an innovative earthquake resilient fused structure. The result shows that SHS works in switching between the DHS and FHS modes for a highly nonlinear and highly indeterminate structural system. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extreme behavior in a triple friction pendulum isolated frame
Authors: Becker Tracy C. , Bao Yu , Mahin Stephen A. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryWhile isolation can provide significantly enhanced performance compared to fixed‐base counter parts in design level or even maximum considered level earthquakes, there is still uncertainty over the performance of isolation systems in extreme events. Researchers have looked at component level stability of rubber bearings and on the effect of moat impact on behavior of structures isolated on general bilinear isolators. However, testing of triple friction pendulum (TFP) sliding bearings has not been done dynamically or incorporated into a building system. Here, one‐third scale laboratory tests were conducted to on a 2‐story 2‐bay TFP‐isolated structure. Input motions were increasingly scaled until failure occurred at the isolation level. As the superstructure was designed with a yield force equivalent to the force of the bearing just at their ultimate displacement capacity, there was minimal yielding. A numerical model is presented to simulate the isolated building up to and including bearing failure. Forces transferred to the superstructure in extreme motions are examined using both experimental and numerical data. Additionally, the effect of the hardening stage of the TFP bearing is evaluated using the numerical model, finding slight benefits.
SymbioCity: Smart cities for smarter networks
Authors: Chiariotti Federico , Condoluci Massimo , Mahmoodi Toktam , Zanella Andrea 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe “Smart City” concept revolves around the idea of embodying cutting‐edge information and communication technology solutions in the very fabric of future cities to offer new and better services to citizens while lowering the city management costs in monetary, social, and environmental terms. In this framework, communication technologies are perceived as subservient to the Smart City services, providing the means to collect and process the data needed to make the services function. In this paper, we propose a new vision in which technology and Smart City services are designed to take advantage of each other in a symbiotic manner. According to this new paradigm, which we call “SymbioCity”, Smart City services can indeed be exploited to improve the performance of the same communication systems that provide them with data. Suggestive examples of this symbiotic ecosystem are discussed in this paper. The discussion is then substantiated in a proof‐of‐concept case study, where we show how the traffic monitoring service provided by the London Smart City initiative can be used to predict the density of users in a certain zone and optimize the cellular service in that area.
Thermal degradation and fire performance of wood treated with PMUF resin and boron compounds
Authors: Wang Fei , Liu Junliang , Lv Wenhua 
Published: June 2017

SummaryPlantation Chinese fir wood was modified by low molecular weight phenol melamine urea formaldehyde (PMUF) resin, boron compounds (BB), and the mixture of PMUF/BB (PMUF‐BB), followed by a curing step. The fire performance and thermal degradation of wood was measured by limiting oxygen index instrument, cone calorimeter, and simultaneous thermal analysis. The results showed that the limiting oxygen index increased to 50.7%, 43.5%, and 55.0% for BB, PMUF, and PMUF‐BB samples, respectively. The PMUF resin decreased the heat release rate of wood but increased the total heat release compared with the control samples. The thermal analysis results demonstrated that PMUF resin enhanced the thermal stability of wood, however, had little impact on the residual chars. Combinative treatment with boron compounds could substantially reduce the fire risk for PMUF‐modified wood, making them especially useful for application in public settings.
Phosphorus export dynamics and hydrobiogeochemical controls across gradients of scale, topography and human impact
Authors: Ali Genevieve , Wilson Henry , Elliott Jane , Penner Amber , Haque Aminul , Ross Cody , Rabie Maliheh 
Published: June 2017

AbstractConcentration‐discharge (c‐Q) plots are routinely used as an integrated signal of watershed response to infer solute sources and travel pathways. However, the interpretation of c‐Q data can be difficult unless these data are fitted using statistical models. Such models are frequently applied for geogenic solutes, but it is unclear to what extent they might aid in the investigation of nutrient export patterns, particularly for total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) which is a critical driver of downstream eutrophication problems. The goal of the present study was therefore to statistically model c‐Q relations (where c is TDP concentrations) in a set of contrasting watersheds in the Northern Great Plains—ranging in size from 0.2 to 1000+ km2—to assess the controls of landscape properties on TDP transport dynamics. Six statistical models were fitted to c‐Q data, notably (a) one linear model, (b) one model assuming that c‐Q relations are driven by the mixing of end‐member waters from different landscape locations (i.e., hydrograph separation), (c) one model relying on a biogeochemical stationarity hypothesis (i.e., power law), (d) one model hypothesizing that c‐Q relations change as a function of the solute subsurface contact time (i.e., hyperbolic model), and (e) two models assuming that solute fluxes are mostly dependent on reaction rates (i.e., chemical models). Model performance ranged from mediocre (R2 < 0.2) to very good (R2 > 0.9), but the hydrograph separation model seemed most universal. No watershed was found to exhibit chemostatic behaviour, but many showed signs of dilution or enrichment behaviour. A tendency toward a multi‐model fit and better model performance was observed for watersheds with moderate slope and higher effective drainage area. The relatively poor model performance obtained outside these conditions illustrates the likely importance of controls on TDP concentrations in the region that are independent of flow dynamics.
The association between insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and ischemic heart disease among Rumoi residents
Authors: Tan Ce , Sasagawa Yutaka , Mori Mitsuru 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundIt has widely been proven that metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD). MetS is confirmed based upon insulin resistance (IR). Our aim of this study is to evaluate the role of MetS and IR in the prediction of IHD incidence.MethodsA total of 404 non‐diabetic participants who underwent 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (75 g OGTT) were enrolled from 2001 to 2009. Risk factors for IHD were measured as well. The homeostatic index of IR (HOMA‐IR) and the homeostatic model assessment beta cell function (HOMA‐β) were calculated according to the homeostasis model assessment. Cox proportional‐hazard regression model was used to estimate hazard ratio (HR). All data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA).ResultsIn our study, the average follow‐up period was 6.7 years. Eighteen subjects of IHD incidence were recorded. After adjusting for age and sex, subjects with IR or hyperinsulinemia had a high risk of IHD, the hazard ratio (95% confidence intervals) for IHD were 4.58 (1.59‐13.15), 4.25 (1.64‐11.91), respectively. The highest hazard ratio was 7.56 (2.27‐25.18) which was found among the subjects with both IR and hyperinsulinemia. In addition, the hazard ratio (95% confidence intervals) of subjects with MetS was 2.80(1.10‐7.09).ConclusionsIR and hyperinsulinemia are related to the risk of IHD. IR combined with hyperinsulinemia may be superior to MetS for predicting the IHD incidence.
Optical molecular imaging‐guided radiation therapy part 1: Integrated x‐ray and bioluminescence tomography
Authors: Shi Junwei , Udayakumar Thirupandiyur S. , Wang Zhiqun , Dogan Nesrin , Pollack Alan , Yang Yidong 
Published: June 2017

PurposeX‐ray CT faces challenges in differentiating tumors from surrounding healthy tissues. A bioluminescence tomography (BLT) system which can directly reconstruct the internal luminescent tumors, was developed and integrated with CT system to accurately guide radiation dose delivery.MethodsThe BLT system, employing a lens‐coupled CCD camera, was physically registered with an onboard cone beam CT system in an image‐guided small animal arc radiation treatment system (iSMAART). The onboard CT provides animal anatomy and accurate surface contour used to construct the three‐dimensional mesh for the BLT reconstruction. Bioluminescence projections were captured from multiple angles, once every 90° rotation. The BLT reconstruction was performed on an orthotopic prostate tumor model to evaluate its robustness and accuracy in locating and delineating bioluminescent tumors. The location and volume of the tumor identified from iodinated contrast CT was used to validate the BLT performance. Phantom experiment was also conducted to confirm the precision of BLT‐guided radiation.ResultsThe BLT was able to accurately locate the bioluminescent tumors with < 0.5 mm error. The tumor volume in BLT was significantly correlated with that in the iodinated contrast CT (R2 = 0.81, P < 0.001). Phantom experiments further validated that BLT can be used to guide radiation with submillimeter accuracy.ConclusionTogether with CT, BLT can provide precision radiation guidance and robust tumor volume assessment in small animal cancer research.
Assessment of ferritin content in multiple sclerosis brains using temperature‐induced R*2 changes
Authors: Birkl Christoph , Carassiti Daniele , Hussain Fariha , Langkammer Christian , Enzinger Christian , Fazekas Franz , Schmierer Klaus , Ropele Stefan 
Published: June 2017

PurposeCurrent MRI techniques cannot reliably assess iron content in white matter due to the confounding diamagnetic effect of myelin. The purpose of this study was to validate with histology a novel iron mapping technique that uses the temperature dependency of the paramagnetic susceptibility in multiple sclerosis (MS) brains, where white matter has been reported to show significant variations in iron content.MethodsWe investigated post mortem brain tissue from three MS patients and one control subject. Temperature‐dependent
relaxometry was performed between 4°C and 37°C. The resulting temperature coefficient (
) maps were compared with immunohistochemical stains for ferritin light chain.ResultsGood agreement between
maps and ferritin staining was found by way of visual comparison and quantitative analysis. The highest iron concentrations were detected at the edge of MS lesions and in the basal ganglia. For all regions, except the subcortical U‐fibers, there was a significant negative correlation between the
values and the ferritin count.ConclusionThis study provides further evidence that
may be a reliable measure of white matter iron content due to the elimination of myelin‐induced susceptibility changes and is well suited for further research into neurological diseases with distortions of the iron homeostasis. Magn Reson Med 79:1609–1615, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.