bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
22nd Annual IHI Scientific Symposium on Improving the Quality and Value of Health Care
Authors: Parry Gareth 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundHosted by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), the 22nd Annual Scientific Symposium on Improving the Quality and Value of Health Care takes place on Monday, December 5, 2016, in Orlando, Florida, USA. The Scientific Symposium aimed to attract high quality, scientific work, focused on the improvement of health and health care. The Symposium also aimed to foster dialog and share learning among participants. The day features keynote speakers, methods sessions, poster presentations and oral presentations. The 32 oral presentations were selected from 154 abstract submissions, through a process peer review process, that ensured each abstract was reviewed by four reviewers. For those authors that gave permission, the abstracts of the selected oral presentations are published in this supplement.AcknowledgmentsOn behalf of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, the hosts would like to thank the individuals whose contributions have made the 22nd Annual Scientific Symposium on Improving the Quality and Value of Health Care a success. Particular thanks are due to the abstract reviewers – Amrita Dasgupta, Anne Lambert-Kerzner, Anup Patel, Barry Appleton, Brant Oliver, David Williams, Don Goldmann, Edahrline Salas, Evie Alessandrini, Fiona Levy, Gareth Parry, Jane Roessner, Jon Finkelstein, Kedar Mate, Linson Naval, Lisa Cosimi, Lisa Rubenstien, Lloyd Provost, Mara Laderman, Marianne McPherson, Nana Twum-Danso, Natalie Henrich, Pierre Barker, Sandy Cohen, Sharon Muret-Wagstaff, A. J. Layon, Andrew Steele, Angela Green, Darren Klugman, David Mosen, Denise Remus, Ezequiel Garcia Elorrio, Jackie Valentine, Keith Mann, Mary Coleman, Omar Hasan, Rick McClead, Sandip Godambe, Thomas Bartman, Tina C. Foster, Uma Kotagal, and Wallace Crandall – without whose efforts we could not accomplish a Symposium of this quality. Thanks, as well, are due all those who were willing to submit their research for review. Last, but certainly not least, we thank our program committee members – Don Goldmann, Pierre Barker, Amy Reid, Beth McGlynn, John Finkelstein, Lisa Hirschhorn, Rohit Ramaswamy, Elizabeth McGlynn, Sabrina Selk, Rashad Massoud, Margee Louisias, Lloyd Provost, Laura Damschroder, Uma Kotagal, and Marianne McPherson – who provided valuable insight and guidance to make this year's Symposium as enriching as possible; and Amrita Dasgupta, Jason Reed and Linson Naval who have dedicated countless hours to the development of this year's program.
Endovascular stroke therapy may be safe in patients with elevated international normalized ratio
Authors: Mundiyanapurath Sibu , Tillmann Anne , Möhlenbruch Markus Alfred , Bendszus Martin , Ringleb Peter Arthur 
Published: November 2016

IntroductionEndovascular therapy in acute ischemic stroke is safe and efficient. However, patients receiving oral anticoagulation were excluded in the larger trials.ObjectiveTo analyze the safety of endovascular therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke and elevated international normalized ratio (INR) values.MethodsRetrospective database review of a tertiary care university hospital for patients with anterior circulation stroke treated with endovascular therapy. Patients with anticoagulation other than vitamin K antagonists were excluded. The primary safety endpoint was defined as symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH; ECASS II definition). The efficacy endpoint was the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score after 3 months, dichotomized into favorable outcome (mRS 0–2) and unfavorable outcome (mRS 3–6).Results435 patients were included. 90% were treated with stent retriever. 27 (6.2%) patients with an INR of 1.2–1.7 and 21 (4.8%) with an INR >1.7. 33 (7.6%) had sICH and 149 patients (34.3%) had a favorable outcome. Patients with an elevated INR did not have an increased risk for sICH or unfavorable outcome in multivariable analysis. The additional use of IV thrombolysis in patients with an INR of 1.2–1.7 did not increase the risk of sICH or unfavorable outcome. These results were replicated in a sensitivity analysis introducing an error of the INR of ±5%. They were also confirmed using other sICH definitions (Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke (SITS), National Institute of neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), Heidelberg bleeding classification).ConclusionsEndovascular therapy in patients with an elevated INR is safe and efficient. Patients with an INR of 1.2–1.7 may be treated with combined IV thrombolysis and endovascular therapy.
Variation in Zn, C, and N isotope ratios in three stream insects
Authors: Evans R. Douglas , Wang Wei , Evans Hayla E. , Georg R. Bastian 
Published: November 2016

Total Zn concentrations and Zn isotope ratios were measured, using multicollector inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-mass spectrometry (MS), in three species of aquatic insects collected from a stream in Peterborough, Ontario, Canada. Total Zn levels averaged 193 ± 88 μg/g dry weight (dw) in water striders (Heteroptera: Gerridae, Aquarius remigis) and were significantly higher than the concentrations measured in stonefly nymphs (Plecoptera: Perlidae, Acroneuria abnormis) and caddisfly larvae (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae, Pycnopsyche guttifer), i.e., 136 ± 34 μg/g dw and 125 ± 26 μg/g dw, respectively. Average delta values for 66Zn/64Zn in the water striders were approximately 0.7‰ lighter (−1.2‰ ± 1.0‰) and were significantly different than those measured for stoneflies (−0.45‰ ± 0.62‰) and caddisflies (−0.51‰ ± 0.54‰). Nitrogen isotope ratios were significantly different ( P < 0.05) among the three species suggesting differences in trophic positioning. Similar to the Zn isotope ratios, δ 13C values for the water striders (−28.61‰ ± 0.98‰) were significantly different than those of the stoneflies and caddisflies, i.e., −30.75‰ ± 1.33‰ and −30.68‰ ± 1.01‰, respectively. The data suggest that the differences observed in Zn ratios relate to food source for these insects. Similar to their carbon sources, Zn in water striders appears to be primarily of terrestrial origin, and of aquatic origin for the other two species.
Doping effect on exciton binding energy in semiconductor quantum well
Authors: Li Yongkai , Yang Shuangbo 
Published: November 2016

By solving the Schrödinger equation and Poisson’s equation self-consistently, we have calculated the electronic structure for Si-doped GaAs/Al[Formula: see text]Ga[Formula: see text]As quantum well system at [Formula: see text] K in the effective mass approximation. We obtain the self-consistent potentials, eigen-envelope functions and the subband energies for different doping concentrations and for different thicknesses of the doping layer. The binding energies of exciton in GaAs/Al[Formula: see text]Ga[Formula: see text]As quantum wells under different doping conditions are calculated by using a variational method. And the variation of the binding energy with the thickness of the doped layer and the doping concentration is analyzed. It is found that at a given doping concentration, with the increase of thickness of the doping layer, the self-consistent potential becomes wider and more shallow, the binding energy of exciton decreases. At a given thickness of the doping layer, with the increase of the doping concentration, the self-consistent potential becomes narrower and deeper, the binding energy of exciton increases.
Nanostructural and electrical properties of LA0.5SR0.5CoO3
Authors: Bahari A. , Ramzannezhad A. , Shajari D. , Najafi H. 
Published: November 2016

A group of ABO3 perovskite-type oxides is currently under intensive studies for their potential as chemical sensing, ferroelectric memories, gas separation and computer devices. This group includes La[Formula: see text]Sr[Formula: see text]CoO3 (LSCO). In the present work, we have synthesized LSCO samples by using the sol–gel method and studied their nano structural and electrical properties with using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Current density–voltage ([Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text]) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. We synthesized nanoparticles with diameters between 50 and 100 nm by calcination of the pulverized gel powders, and then studied its structure. The band gap characteristics of the La[Formula: see text]Sr[Formula: see text]CoO3 structure were also analyzed. The obtained results show that La[Formula: see text]Sr[Formula: see text]CoO3 with favorable carrier mobility ([Formula: see text] cm2v[Formula: see text]s[Formula: see text]) and dielectric constant (16) exhibits a variety of interesting physical properties which include ferroelectric, dielectric, pyroelectric and piezoelectric behavior.
Geothermal exploration in the Fell Sandstone Formation (Mississippian) beneath the city centre of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: the Newcastle Science Central Deep Geothermal Borehole
Authors: Younger Paul L. , Manning David A. C. , Millward David , Busby Jonathan P. , Jones Charles R. C. , Gluyas Jonathan G. 
Published: November 2016

The postulate that geothermal energy might be recoverable from strata laterally equivalent to the Fell Sandstone Formation (Carboniferous: Mississippian) beneath Newcastle upon Tyne has been examined by the drilling and testing of the 1821 m deep Newcastle Science Central Deep Geothermal Borehole. This proved 376.5 m of Fell Sandstone Formation below 1400 m, much of which resembled braided river deposits found at outcrop, although some lower portions were reddened and yielded grains of aeolian affinity. Downhole logging after attainment of thermal equilibrium proved a temperature of 73°C at 1740 m, and allowed estimation of heat flow at about 88 mW m
−2
. This relatively high value probably reflects deep convective transfer of heat over a distance of >8 km from the North Pennine Batholith, along the Ninety Fathom Fault. The Fell Sandstone traversed by the borehole proved to be of low hydraulic conductivity (
c
. 7 × 10
−5
m d
−1
). The water that entered the well was highly saline, with a Na–(Ca)–Cl signature similar to other warm waters encountered in the region. It remains for future directional drilling to establish whether sufficient natural fracture permeability can be encountered, or wells stimulated, to support commercial heat production.
The first Russian monograph on the History of Geology by Grigory E. Shchurovsky, professor of Moscow University: on the 150th anniversary of the publication
Authors: Bessudnova Zoya A. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

The first Russian monograph on the history of geology,
History of Geology of the Moscow Basin
, written by Grigory Efimovich Shchurovsky (1803–84), was published in 1866–67. Shchurovsky was Professor of Geology and Mineralogy at Moscow University, the head of the University's Mineralogical and Geological Cabinets (museums) and the first president of the Society of Amateurs of Natural History. He was the author of
The Ural Range in its Physiographic, Geological and Mineralogical Aspects
(1841) and of
Geological Tour across Altai, with Historical and Statistical Data on the Kolyvan-Voskresensky Factories
(1846), and of many others works on geology. He was one of the first popularizers of science and one of the first historians of geology in Russia. His scientific achievements are to this day remembered in Russia, but his work is not known abroad.
Regulation and function of bone morphogenetic protein signaling in colonic injury and inflammation
Authors: Ji Tuo , Takabayashi Hidehiko , Mao Maria , Han Xu , Xue Xiang , Brazil Jennifer C. , Eaton Kathryn A. , Shah Yatrik M. , Todisco Andrea 
Published: November 2016

The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) regulate gastrointestinal homeostasis. We investigated the expression of BMP-4 and the localization and function of BMP signaling during colonic injury and inflammation. Mice expressing the β-galactosidase ( β-gal) gene under the control of a BMP-responsive element (BRE), BMP-4-β-gal/ mice, and animals generated by crossing villin-Cre mice to mice with floxed alleles of BMP receptor 1A ( villin-Cre;Bmpr1aflox/flox) were treated with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to induce colonic injury and inflammation. Expression of BMP-4, β-gal, BMPR1A, IL-8, α-smooth muscle actin, and phosphorylated Smad1, -5, and -8 was assessed by X-Gal staining, quantitative RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry. Morphology of the colonic mucosa was examined by staining with hematoxylin and eosin. The effect of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 on BMP-4 mRNA expression was investigated in human intestinal fibroblasts, whereas that of BMP-4 on IL-8 was assessed in human colonic organoids. BMP-4 was localized in α-smooth muscle actin-positive mesenchymal cells while the majority of BMP-generated signals targeted the epithelium. DSS caused injury and inflammation leading to reduced expression of BMP-4 and of BMPR1A mRNAs, and to decreased BMP signaling. Deletion of BMPR1A enhanced colonic inflammation and damage. Administration of anti-TNF-α antibodies to DSS-treated mice ameliorated colonic inflammation and increased the expression of BMP-4 and BMPR1A mRNAs. TNF-α and IL-1β inhibited both basal and IFN-γ-stimulated BMP-4 expression, whereas IL-6 had no effect. BMP-4 reduced TNF-α-stimulated IL-8 mRNA expressor IL-8 mRNA expression in the organoids. Inflammation and injury inhibit BMP-4 expression and signaling, leading to enhanced colonic damage and inflammation. These observations underscore the importance of BMP signaling in the regulation of intestinal inflammation and homeostasis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this study we report a series of novel observations that underscore the importance of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in the regulation of colonic homeostasis during the development of injury and inflammation. In particular, we present evidence that BMP signaling mitigates the response of the colonic epithelium to injury and inflammation and that cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1β, inhibit the expression of BMP-4.
Nasal high flow reduces dead space
Authors: Möller Winfried , Feng Sheng , Domanski Ulrike , Franke Karl-Josef , Celik Gülnaz , Bartenstein Peter , Becker Sven , Meyer Gabriele , Schmid Otmar , Eickelberg Oliver , Tatkov Stanislav , Nilius Georg 
Published: November 2016

Recent studies show that nasal high flow (NHF) therapy can support ventilation in patients with acute or chronic respiratory disorders. Clearance of dead space has been suggested as being the key mechanism of respiratory support with NHF therapy. The hypothesis of this study was that NHF in a dose-dependent manner can clear dead space of the upper airways from expired air and decrease rebreathing. The randomized crossover study involved 10 volunteers using scintigraphy with81mKrypton (81mKr) gas during a breath-holding maneuver with closed mouth and in 3 nasally breathing tracheotomized patients by volumetric capnography and oximetry through sampling CO2and O2in the trachea and measuring the inspired volume with inductance plethysmography following NHF rates of 15, 30, and 45 l/min. The scintigraphy revealed a decrease in81mKr gas clearance half-time with an increase of NHF in the nasal cavities [Pearson’s correlation coefficient cc = −0.55, P < 0.01], the pharynx (cc = −0.41, P < 0.01), and the trachea (cc = −0.51, P < 0.01). Clearance rates in nasal cavities derived from time constants and MRI-measured volumes were 40.6 ± 12.3 (SD), 52.5 ± 17.7, and 72.9 ± 21.3 ml/s during NHF (15, 30, and 45 l/min, respectively). Measurement of inspired gases in the trachea showed an NHF-dependent decrease of inspired CO2that correlated with an increase of inspired O2(cc = −0.77, P < 0.05). NHF clears the upper airways of expired air, which reduces dead space by a decrease of rebreathing making ventilation more efficient. The dead space clearance is flow and time dependent, and it may extend below the soft palate.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Clearance of expired air in upper airways by nasal high flow (NHF) can be extended below the soft palate and de facto causes a reduction of dead space. Using scintigraphy, the authors found a relationship between NHF, time, and clearance. Direct measurement of CO2and O2in the trachea confirmed a reduction of rebreathing, providing the actual data on inspired gases, and this can be used for the assessment of other forms of respiratory support.
Cervical Cancer Growth Is Regulated by a c-ABL–PLK1 Signaling Axis
Authors: Yang Xu , Chen Gang , Li Wei , Peng Changmin , Zhu Yue , Yang Xiaoming , Li Teng , Cao Cheng , Pei Huadong 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The nonreceptor tyrosine kinase c-ABL controls cell growth but its contributions in solid tumors are not fully understood. Here we report that the Polo-like kinase PLK1, an essential mitotic kinase regulator, is an important downstream effector of c-ABL in regulating the growth of cervical cancer. c-ABL interacted with and phosphorylated PLK1. Phosphorylation of PLK1 by c-ABL inhibited PLK1 ubiquitination and degradation and enhanced its activity, leading to cell-cycle progression and tumor growth. Both c-ABL and PLK1 were overexpressed in cervical carcinoma. Notably, PLK1 tyrosine phosphorylation correlated with patient survival in cervical cancer. In a murine xenograft model of human cervical cancer, combination treatment with c-ABL and PLK1 inhibitors yielded additive effects on tumor growth inhibition. Our findings highlight the c-ABL–PLK1 axis as a novel prognostic marker and treatment target for human cervical cancers. Cancer Res; 77(5); 1142–54. ©2016 AACR.
The Epistles of Niketas Stethatos: The Data of the Georgian Version
Authors: Ostrovsky Alexey , Raphava Maia 
Published: November 2016

Based on the known data of the Georgian version of Stethatos’s works and the new version of Epistle III, we can draw the following conclusions: 1.	Niketas Stethatos created his trilogy and the epistles in the period between 1054 and 1080. He died between January 1080 and 1094. 2.	At the very end of his life, Niketas became a hegumen of the Monastery of Stoudios, which is confirmed by the data of the Georgian version of his epistles, dated to the end of the eleventh century or the beginning of the twelfth century. The period, during which Niketas was a hegumen of the Stoudios had to have followed the period during which he wrote his trilogy and the epistles. Most probably it was a short period between January 1080 and his death. 3.	The name of the addressee of Epistles V–IX was Basil. The name Gregory, found in the Greek version, is either his monastic name, or it is a result of some unexplained error. Based on the data that we can collect about the Sophist it is possible to raise a question whether Basil the Sophist could be identified with Basil protasekretis, one of the authors of epigrams to the Hymns of Symeon the New Theologian, edited by Niketas Stethatos.
An Assessment of the Performance of the Operational Global Ensemble Forecast Systems in Predicting the Forecast Uncertainty
Authors: Loeser Carlee F. , Herrera Michael A. , Szunyogh Istvan 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This study investigates the efficiency of the major operational global ensemble forecast systems of the world in capturing the spatiotemporal evolution of the forecast uncertainty. Using data from 2015, it updates the results of an earlier study based on data from 2012. It also tests, for the first time on operational ensemble data, two quantitative relationships to aid in the interpretation of the raw ensemble forecasts. One of these relationships provides a flow-dependent prediction of the reliability of the ensemble in capturing the uncertain forecast features, while the other predicts the 95th percentile value of the magnitude of the forecast error. It is found that, except for the system of the Met Office, the main characteristics of the ensemble forecast systems have changed little between 2012 and 2015. The performance of the UKMO ensemble improved in predicting the overall magnitude of the uncertainty, but its ability to predict the dominant uncertain forecast features was degraded. A common serious limitation of the ensemble systems remains that they all have major difficulties with predicting the large-scale atmospheric flow in the long (longer than 10 days) forecast range. These difficulties are due to the inability of the ensemble members to maintain large-scale waves in the forecasts, which presents a stumbling block in the way of extending the skill of numerical weather forecasts to the subseasonal range. The two tested predictive relationships were found to provide highly accurate predictions of the flow-dependent reliability of the ensemble predictions and the 95th percentile value of the magnitude of the forecast error for the operational ensemble forecast systems.
Hemolysis generation from a novel, linear positive displacement blood pump for cardiopulmonary bypass on a six kilogram piglet: a preliminary report
Authors: Lawson D. Scott , Eilers Derek , Osorio Lujan Suzanne , Bortot Maria , Jaggers James 
Published: November 2016

Background: Current blood pumps used for cardiopulmonary bypass generally fall into two different pump design categories; non-occlusive centrifugal pumps and occlusive, positive-displacement roller pumps. The amount of foreign surface area of extracorporeal circuits correlates with post-operative morbidity due to systemic inflammation, leading to a push for technology that reduces the amount of foreign surfaces. Current roller pumps are bulky and the tubing forms an arc in the pumping chamber (raceway), positioning the inlet 360 degrees from the outlet, making it very difficult to place the pump closer to the patient and to efficiently reduce tubing length. These challenges put existing roller pumps at a disadvantage for use in a compact cardiopulmonary bypass circuit. Centrifugal blood pumps are easier to incorporate into miniature circuit designs. However, the prime volumes of current centrifugal pump designs are large, especially for pediatric extracorporeal circuits where the prime volumes are too great to be of clinical value. Method: We describe a preliminary report on a novel, occlusive, linear, single-helix, positive-displacement blood pump which allows for decreased prime volume and surface area of the extracorporeal circuit. This new experimental pump design was used to perfuse a 6 kilogram piglet with a pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass circuit for two hours of continuous use. Blood samples were obtained every thirty minutes and assayed for plasma free hemolysis generation. Conclusions: The results from this initial experiment showed low plasma free hemoglobin generation and encourages the authors to further develop this concept.