bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyphenols in Monogastric Nutrition – A Review
Authors: Lipiński Krzysztof , Mazur Magdalena , Antoszkiewicz Zofia , Purwin Cezary 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The popularity of plant-based feed additives in livestock production has increased significantly in the last decade. Polyphenols are secondary plant metabolites which contain bioactive components and deliver positive effects for humans and animals. They are renowned for their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and anti-mutagenic effects. Polyphenols have antioxidant properties, and they minimize the negative consequences of oxidative stress. Their antioxidant capacity is comparable to that of the major biological antioxidants: vitamins E and C. Despite those advantages, polyphenols are characterized by low bioavailability, and further research is needed to harness their full potential in livestock farming. This article presents a review of findings from recent studies investigating the efficacy of polyphenols in monogastric nutrition, with special emphasis on their antioxidant properties.
Mortality of silver eel (Anguilla anguilla) migrating downstream through a small hydroelectric plant on the Drawa River in northern Poland
Authors: Dębowski Piotr , Bernaś Rafał , Skóra Michał , Morzuch Jacek 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The European eel, Anguilla anguilla L., is an endangered species. Barriers to its downstream spawning migration are one of the greatest threats this species faces. There are hundreds of hydroelectric plants (HEP) on rivers in Poland (> 600), and thousands throughout Europe. Eel that pass through HEP turbines as they migrate downstream suffer high mortality, but this depends mainly on local and technical conditions. Silver eel mortality was estimated and the possibility of the fish bypassing the turbines was studied between November 2013 and June 2014 at a typical HEP in northern Poland. Two telemetry methods were used with 49 eel: passive integrated transponder (PIT) system and acoustic telemetry. Fifty five percent of eel migrated downstream in fall 2013, soon after their release, and 45% migrated the next spring. The eel did not use the fish passes designed for upstream migration; thus, they were forced to go through the turbines, which resulted in 55% mortality. HEPs cause interruptions and delays in eel spawning migrations and are responsible for high eel mortality. This can make implementing an eel restitution plan difficult or even impossible in river systems with many barriers.
Genetic Diversity in the mtDNA control region and population structure of Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus from selected Nigerian rivers: Implications for conservation and aquaculture
Authors: Nwafili Sylvanus A. , Gao Tian-Xiang 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The genetic diversity and population structure of Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus were evaluated using a 443 base pair fragment of the mitochondrial control region. Among the eight populations collected comprising 129 individuals, a total of 89 polymorphic sites defined 57 distinct haplotypes. The mean haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of the eight populations were 0.966±0.006 and 0.0359±0.004, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance showed significant genetic differentiation among the eight populations (FST
=0.34; P < 0.01). The present results revealed that C. nigrodigitatus populations had a high level of genetic diversity and distinct population structures. We report the existence of two monophyletic matrilineal lineages with mean genetic distance of 10.5% between them. Non-significant negative Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs for more than half the populations suggests that the wild populations of C. nigrodigitatus underwent a recent population expansion, although a weak one since the late Pleistocene.
Determination of metals (As, Cu, Fe, and Zn) in two fish species from the Miankaleh wetland
Authors: Alipour Hossein , Pourkhabbaz Alireza , Hassanpour Mehdi 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations As, Cu, Fe, and Zn in the livers, gills, and muscles of vobla or Caspian roach, Rutilus caspicus (Yakovlev), and bighead goby, Neogobius gorlap (Iljin), from the Miankaleh wetland. The results showed that metal accumulation in the liver tissues was higher than in the gills and muscles for all metals, and Fe concentration was higher than Zn, Cu, and As in all the tissues studied. The concentrations of As, Cu, Fe, and Zn in the livers, gills, and muscles of bighead goby were higher than in vobla tissues, except for concentrations of As in the muscles. Fe, Cu, and Zn concentrations in the muscles were below the maximum permissible limit of the WHO and the FAO for both species, but the concentration of As in the muscles of both species exceeded the permissible limit proposed by the FAO; thus, human consumption should be limited. The levels of the other metals (Fe, Cu and Zn) were completely safe.
Genetic and clinical analysis of nonsyndromic hearing impairment in pediatric and adult cases
Authors: Xing J , Liu X , Tian Y , Tan J , Zhao H 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Previous studies have linked GJB2 gene and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations to nonsyndromic hearing impairment (NSHI), but no study in China has yet investigated these mutations across all age groups. To fill the gap, this study ascertained 263 patients with NSHI between ages 2 months and 60 years and analyzed the presence of GJB2 gene and mtDNA A1555G/C1494T mutations by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing. A total of 20 types of mutations were detected for the GJB2 gene. The GJB2 gene and mtDNA A1555G/C1494T mutations were detected in 18.63 and 11.41% cases, respectively. At the first hospital visit, GJB2 gene mutations were detected in 5.97% of adult patients (>18 years) and 22.96% pediatric patients (<18 years) (χ2 =9.506, p = 0.002), and mtDNA A1555G/C1494T mutations were detected in 31.34% of adult patients and 4.59% of pediatric patients (χ2 = 35.359, p <0.001). When patients were classified by age at onset of deafness, significantly more (20.68%) pediatric patients had GJB2 gene mutations than did adult patients (0.0%) (χ2 = 4.685; p = 0.006). Mitochondrial DNA A1555G/C1494T mutations were detected in 15.38% of adult-onset and 8.86% pediatric-onset patients, respectively. Interestingly, most GJB2 gene mutation carriers experienced NSHI onset within the first year of life (65.31%), while mtDNA A1555G/C1494T mutation carriers experienced onset at any age. Therefore, GJB2 gene mutations appear to contribute to congenital deafness, while mtDNAA1555G/C1494T mutations contribute mainly to acquired deafness in Chinese individuals. Both newborn hearing screening and genetic testing are important to diagnose and treat deafness.
Gene mapping in an anophthalmic pedigree of a consanguineous Pakistani family opened new horizons for research
Authors: Saleha S , Ajmal M , Zafar S , Hameed A 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Clinical anophthalmia is a rare inherited disease of the eye and phenotype refers to the absence of ocular tissue in the orbit of eye. Patients may have unilateral or bilateral anophthalmia, and generally have short palpebral fissures and small orbits. Anophthalmia may be isolated or associated with a broader syndrome and may have genetic or environmental causes. However, genetic cause has been defined in only a small proportion of cases, therefore, a consanguineous Pakistani family of the Pashtoon ethnic group, with isolated clinical anophthalmia was investigated using linkage mapping. A family pedigree was created to trace the possible mode of inheritance of the disease. Blood samples were collected from affected as well as normal members of this family, and screened for disease-associated mutations. This family was analyzed for linkage to all the known loci of clinical anophthalmia, using microsatellite short tandem repeat (STR) markers. Direct sequencing was performed to find out disease-associated mutations in the candidate gene. This family with isolated clinical anophthalmia, was mapped to the SOX2 gene that is located at chromosome 3q26.3-q27. However, on exonic and regulatory regions mutation screening of the SOX2 gene, the disease-associated mutation was not identified. It showed that another gene responsible for development of the eye might be present at chromosome 3q26.3-q27 and needs to be identified and screened for the disease-associated mutation in this family.
Commutability of proficiency testing material containing tobramycin: a study within the framework of the Dutch Calibration 2.000 project
Authors: Robijns Karen , Boone Niels W. , Jansen Rob T.P. , Kuypers Aldy W.H.M. , Neef Cees , Touw Daan J. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Background:
Results from external quality assessment schemes (EQASs) can provide information about accuracy and comparability of different measurement methods, provided that the material used in these schemes behave identical to patient samples among the different methods, a characteristic also known as commutability. The aim of this study was to assess the commutability of different matrices for the material used in an EQAS for tobramycin.

Methods:
Proficiency testing material (PTM) and patient samples containing tobramycin were prepared, collected, pooled, and distributed to participating laboratories for analysis. Low, medium, and high tobramycin concentrations in liquid human, liquid bovine and lyophilized bovine serum were tested in this study. The patient serum results of every laboratory were plotted against each of the other laboratories, and the distances of the PTM results to the patient serum regression line were calculated. For comparison, these distances were divided by the average within-laboratory standard deviation (SDwl) of the results reported in the official EQAS for tobramycin, resulting in a relative residual. The commutability decision limit was set at 3 SDwl.

Results:
With 10 laboratories participating in this study, 45 laboratory couples were formed. For human serum, only one relative residual for high concentrations of tobramycin was found outside the commutability decision limit. For liquid and lyophilized bovine sera, the number of relative residuals outside the decision limit was between 15 and 18 for low, medium, and high tobramycin concentrations.

Conclusions:
The PTM used for tobramycin is preferably prepared with human serum.
Partitioning of cerrena unicolor laccase activity in an aqueous two-phase system
Authors: Blatkiewicz Michał , Prinz Axel , Górak Andrzej , Ledakowicz Stanisław 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Culture supernatant containing laccase produced by Cerrena unicolor strain was used to examine laccase partitioning between phases in an aqueous two-phase system. The investigated system consisted of polyethylene glycol 3000 and sodium phosphate buffer adjusted to pH = 7. Influence of several parameters on partitioning was measured, including phase forming components’ concentrations, tie line lengths, phase volume ratio, supernatant dilution, process temperature and halogen salt supplementation. Partitioning coefficients up to 78 in the bottom phase were achieved with yields of over 90%. Tie line length and phase volume ratio had significant effect on enzyme partitioning.
Conceptual adsorption system of cooling and heating supplied by solar energy
Authors: Turski Michał , Sekret Robert 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This paper presents the possibility of reducing the demand for nonrenewable primary energy for buildings using a new conceptual adsorption system of cooling and heating supplied by solar energy. Moreover, the aim of this study is to shorten the payback time of investment in the standard adsorption cooling system through its integration with the heating system. Research has been carried out for an energy-efficient medium-sized single-family building with a floor area of 140 m2 and a heat load of 4.2 kW and cold load of 4.41 kW. It has been shown that the use of an adsorption system of cooling and heating supplied by solar energy decreased the demand for nonrenewable primary energy by about 66% compared to the standard building that meets the current requirements.
Generation Expansion Planning with High Penetration of Wind Power
Authors: Sharan Ishan , Balasubramanian R. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Worldwide thrust is being provided in generation of electricity from wind. Planning for the developmental needs of wind based power has to be consistent with the objective and basic framework of overall resource planning. The operational issues associated with the integration of wind power must be addressed at the planning stage. Lack of co-ordinated planning of wind turbine generators, conventional generating units and expansion of the transmission system may lead to curtailment of wind power due to transmission inadequacy or operational constraints. This paper presents a generation expansion planning model taking into account fuel transportation and power transmission constraints, while addressing the operational issues associated with the high penetration of wind power. For analyzing the operational issues, security constrained unit commitment algorithm is embedded in the integrated generation and transmission expansion planning model. The integrated generation and transmission expansion planning problem has been formulated as a mixed integer linear problem involving both binary and continuous variables in GAMS. The model has been applied to the expansion planning of a real system to illustrate the proposed approach.
Arylsulphatase activity and sulphate content in relation to crop rotation and fertilization of soil
Authors: Siwik-Ziomek Anetta , Lemanowicz Joanna , Koper Jan 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of varying rates of FYM (0, 20, 40, 60 Mg ha−1) and nitrogen N0, N1, N2, and N3 on the content of sulphate sulphur (VI) and the activity of arylsulphatase, which participates in the transformations of this element in Haplic Luvisol. The study report is based on a long-term field experiment with two different crop rotations: A – recognized as exhausting the humus from soil and B – recognized as enriching the soil with humus. During the cultivation of the plants, the soil was sampled four times from corn and a red clover cultivar and grass. The FYM fertilization rate for which the highest arylsulphatase activity and the content of sulphates were identified was 60 Mg ha−1. An inhibitory effect of high rates (90 and 135 kg N ha−1) of ammonium nitrate on the arylsulphatase activity was also observed. A significant correlation between the content of carbon, nitrogen, and sulphates and the arylsulphatase activity was recorded. The investigation on the effect of combined application of farmyard manure and mineral nitrogen fertilization on the activity of arylsulphatase participating in the sulphur cycling was launched to examine the problem in detail.
Influences of post weld heat treatment on tensile strength and microstructure characteristics of friction stir welded butt joints of AA2014-T6 aluminum alloy
Authors: Rajendran C. , Srinivasan K. , Balasubramanian V. , Balaji H. , Selvaraj P. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractFriction stir welded (FSWed) joints of aluminum alloys exhibited a hardness drop in both the advancing side (AS) and retreating side (RS) of the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) due to the thermal cycle involved in the FSW process. In this investigation, an attempt has been made to overcome this problem by post weld heat treatment (PWHT) methods. FSW butt (FSWB) joints of Al-Cu (AA2014-T6) alloy were PWHT by two methods such as simple artificial aging (AA) and solution treatment followed by artificial aging (STA). Of these two treatments, STA was found to be more beneficial than the simple aging treatment to improve the tensile properties of the FSW joints of AA2014 aluminum alloy.
Tsallis statistics and neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: Iliopoulos Aggelos C. , Tsolaki Magdalini , Aifantis Elias C. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we perform statistical analysis of time series deriving from four neurodegenerative disorders, namely epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD). The time series are concerned with electroencephalograms (EEGs) of healthy and epileptic states, as well as gait dynamics (in particular stride intervals) of the ALS, PD and HDs. We study data concerning one subject for each neurodegenerative disorder and one healthy control. The analysis is based on Tsallis non-extensive statistical mechanics and in particular on the estimation of Tsallis q-triplet, namely {qstat, qsen, qrel}. The deviation of Tsallis q-triplet from unity indicates non-Gaussian statistics and long-range dependencies for all time series considered. In addition, the results reveal the efficiency of Tsallis statistics in capturing differences in brain dynamics between healthy and epileptic states, as well as differences between ALS, PD, HDs from healthy control subjects. The results indicate that estimations of Tsallis q-indices could be used as possible biomarkers, along with others, for improving classification and prediction of epileptic seizures, as well as for studying the gait complex dynamics of various diseases providing new insights into severity, medications and fall risk, improving therapeutic interventions.
The Effect of Temperature and Precipitation Conditions on the Growth and Development Dynamics of Five Cultivars of Processing Tomato
Authors: Jędrszczyk Elżbieta , Skowera Barbara , Gawęda Maria , Libik Andrzej 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Cultivation of field tomato in Poland meets unfavorable temperature and precipitation conditions, which affect yield and quality. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of temperature and precipitation conditions on the growth and development dynamics of five cultivars of processing tomato. The analysis took into account the key morphological characteristics of the plant, the inflorescence and fruit, which determine the suitability of the cultivar for processing. Analysis of the effect of meteorological elements on the stem development showed that stem length was most strongly influenced by precipitation – both total precipitation and frequency, rather than by temperature; the greater the rainfall, the more intensive stem elongation. High levels of precipitation limited gains in stem thickness. The number of flowers and fruits formed per inflorescence was negatively correlated with temperature. Excessive precipitation during the entire growing period led to formation of smaller fruits. The length and width of the fruit were negatively correlated with the frequency of precipitation in all stages, and with total precipitation during the period from planting to setting of the first fruits. A beneficial effect of temperature on the length and width of the fruit was noted during the entire growing period. The tomato fruit formed a thicker pericarp when precipitation was more frequent.
Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) – Deficit Irrigation Interactions on Eggplant Cropped under Open Field Conditions
Authors: Karajeh Muwaffaq , Mohawesh Osama 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
To investigate the influence of deficit irrigation on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica, and its interaction with the eggplant crop, field experiments were conducted at two drip-irrigated agricultural areas in Jordan. Effects of limiting irrigation levels to 80, 60, 40 and 20% of the field capacity (FC) were compared with full irrigation (100%) treatment. Growth of eggplant plants was greatly reduced at irrigation levels of 40 and 20% FC at one field location, suggesting that the influence of deficit irrigation is field-dependant. Fruit yield was similar at all irrigation levels, except at 20% level, where a lower yield was noticed compared to 100% irrigation. Root galling of eggplant caused by the nematode was significantly lower at irrigation levels of 20 and 40% than 80 and 100% of FC, but was field-dependant at 60% of FC. The final nematode population was obviously lower at irrigation levels of 20, 40 and 60% than 80 and 100%. Thus, deficit irrigation to levels of 40 or 60% of FC can be utilised for the management of M. javanica infection in eggplant under field conditions.
Effect of Gibberellic Acid and Potassium Foliar Sprays on Productivity and Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Parthenocarpic Cucumber cv. ‘Seven Star F1’
Authors: Pal Priyanka , Yadav Kuldeep , Kumar Krishan , Singh Narender 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
A study was carried out to evaluate the potential of exogenously applied potassium nitrate [1.0 g·dm−3 (K1), 2.5 g·dm−3 (K2) and 5 g·dm−3 (K3)] plus gibberellic acid (GA3) [0.005 g·dm−3 (G1), 0.01 g·dm−3 (G2) and 0.015 g·dm−3 (G3)] on the growth and development of the cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) ‘Seven Star F1’ during various growth stages (40, 55 and 70 days after sowing). Treatment of plants with K plus GA3 stimulated growth shortened the fruit maturation period and increased quality compared with non-sprayed control. The combination G2K2 resulted in maximum total yield, plant height, and total chlorophyll, phosphorus and nitrogen content in the leaves compared with other treatments. Fruit matured significantly earlier in plants sprayed with G2K2. Total yield and fruit quality dry matter, total suspended solids and antioxidant activity percentages were significantly higher in sprayed plants compared with controls. Potassium content in leaves and fruits reached the maximum level with G3K3 treatment. The results clearly showed that the foliar application of G2K2 proved to be the best choice for growing cucumber in terms of quantity and quality of yield.
The Concept of a Method Ensuring Aeronautical Data Quality
Authors: Dudek Ewa , Kozłowski Michał 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The paper presents the concept of a method ensuring quality of aeronautical data. European Union (among others UE 73/2010) as well as international (among others ICAO Annex 15) regulations introduce a number of requirements regarding the quality and safety of aeronautical data. Those directives set up a complementary regulations system. However with their objective and scope they determine mainly the specifications and requirements that are to be implemented and compatible. Mentioned regulations also refer to selected international standards (e.g. ISO 19157), focused on quality and safety of geographic data and information. Nevertheless within the scope of considered regulations and norms no algorithms and methods of ensuring required quality in the process of aeronautical data collection and processing were determined. Taking into account the identified needs, authors proposed the application of statistical method for process quality management – six-sigma.
The Wave of Migration in Europe as a Cause of Terrorist Threat
Authors: Bąk Tomasz 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The article presents the migration wave in Europe as the cause of terrorist threats. The conflicts in the Middle East, particularly in Iraq and in Syria, increase the numbers of refugees from those areas and their migration to European countries, mainly EU members. That wave is used by terrorist organisations to smuggle members of those organisations to Europe in order to prepare terrorist attacks. The author also indicated the difficulty in controlling such a huge wave of refugees in the aspect of ensuring security in European countries.