bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis: radiologic resolution following cessation of second hand smoking
Authors: Sawalha Leith , Kumar Abhishek , Arshad Ayesha , Mador Martin Jeffery 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWe present a 65‐year‐old male former smoker with past medical history of renal cell carcinoma. Surveillance chest CT scan showed numerous progressive bilateral upper lobe predominant nodular cystic densities. A Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery lung biopsy was diagnostic of Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis. Further questioning of the patient revealed exposure to second hand smoke from his wife. A repeat chest CT scan 6 months following cessation of all smoking exposure showed near complete resolution of the nodular densities. Our case report highlights the importance of early identification of second hand smoke exposure. Timely elimination of the exposure led to near complete radiologic resolution.
Diagnostic utility of SOX11 immunohistochemistry in differentiating cutaneous spread of mantle cell lymphoma from primary cutaneous B‐cell lymphomas
Authors: Hsi Andy C. , Hurley M. Yadira , Lee Sena J. , Rosman Ilana S. , Pang Xiaofan , Gru Alejandro , Schaffer András 
Published: January 2016

BackgroundMantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is associated with the worst prognosis among low‐grade B‐cell lymphomas. While cutaneous involvement by nodal or systemic MCL is uncommon, its differentiation from primary cutaneous B‐cell lymphoma (CBCL) or cutaneous involvement by other extra‐cutaneous BCL is challenging as neither histomorphology nor immunophenotype can be absolutely specific. We analyzed the diagnostic utility of SOX11 immunohistochemistry in differentiating secondary cutaneous MCL from other low‐grade CBCL.MethodsImmunohistochemical staining with anti‐SOX11 antibody was performed on 8 cases of secondary cutaneous MCL, 16 secondary cutaneous CLL, 20 primary cutaneous MZL, 12 cutaneous FCL (6 primary, 6 secondary), 7 primary cutaneous DLBCL, leg type, 5 systemic DLBCL and 3 B‐ALL. SOX11 and cyclin D1 staining were compared in secondary cutaneous MCL.ResultsNuclear SOX11 staining was seen in seven of eight cases (88%) of secondary cutaneous MCL, including a case with minimal cyclin D1 expression. All other CBCL lacked detectable nuclear SOX11 expression. The sensitivity and specificity for SOX11 in MCL were 87.5 and 100%, respectively. Both the sensitivity and specificity for combined SOX11 and cyclin D1 immunohistochemistry were 100%.ConclusionSOX11 immunohistochemistry could be a useful adjunct in distinguishing secondary cutaneous MCL from other CBCL.
Interobserver reliability of the Australian Spasticity Assessment Scale (ASAS)
Authors: Love Sarah , Gibson Noula , Smith Nadine , Bear Natasha , Blair Eve ,   the Australian Cerebral Palsy Register Group
Published: January 2016

AimThe aim of this paper is to present the Australian Spasticity Assessment Scale (ASAS) and to report studies of its interrater reliability. The ASAS identifies the presence of spasticity by confirming a velocity‐dependent increased response to rapid passive movement and quantifies it using an ordinal scale.MethodThe rationale and procedure for the ASAS is described. Twenty‐two participants with spastic CP (16 males; age range 1y 11mo–15y 3mo) who had not had botulinum neurotoxin‐A within 4 months, or bony or soft tissue surgery within 12 months, were recruited from the spasticity management clinic of a tertiary paediatric teaching hospital. Fourteen muscles in each child were assessed by each of three experienced independent raters. ASAS was recorded for all muscles. Interrater reliability was calculated using the weighted kappa statistic (quadratic weighting; κqw) for individual muscles, for upper limbs, for lower limbs, and between raters.ResultsThe weighted kappa ranged between 0.75 and 0.92 for individual muscle groups and was 0.87 between raters.InterpretationThe ASAS complies with the definition of spasticity and is clinically feasible in paediatric settings. Our estimates of interrater reliability for the ASAS exceed that of the most commonly used spasticity scoring systems.
Defence‐related gene expression of Hevea brasiliensis clones in response to the white rot pathogen, Rigidoporus microporus
Authors: Oghenekaro A. O. , Omorusi V. I. , Asiegbu F. O. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryGene expression levels of pathogenesis‐related proteins (PR1, PR3, PR5, PR8 and PR9), cell wall modification genes (PAL and expansin), signal transduction genes (ACC oxidase, AOC, MAPK) and a Myb transcription factor were compared in two Hevea brasiliensis budded clones (RRIM612 and PR107) 5 weeks after wounding and artificial inoculation with the white rot fungus, Rigidoporus microporus. PR3 class I chitinase was upregulated in RRIM612 in response to the pathogen when compared with the wounded control. PR9 class IV peroxidase was highly upregulated in PR107. PR1 and PR8 were expressed more in wounded than in inoculated clones. Genes involved in ethylene and jasmonic acid signalling pathways and phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase (PAL) were upregulated almost equally in both clones. The Myb transcription factor was upregulated in RRIM612, while MAPK was upregulated in PR107 when compared to the wounded control. The predicted expansin‐like protein was upregulated 40‐fold in RRIM612 when compared to the wounded control. The results demonstrate the variability in defence responses in different clones and provide the first set of defence genes expression profiles in the host–pathogen interaction of the white rot disease of rubber trees.
What factors contribute to the risk of depression in epilepsy?—Tasmanian Epilepsy Register Mood Study (TERMS)
Authors: Lacey Cameron J. , Salzberg Michael R. , D'Souza Wendyl J. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryObjectiveTo model the factors associated with depression in a community sample of people with epilepsy. The factors investigated were derived from proposed risk factors for depression from patients with epilepsy, other chronic illness, and the general population.MethodsMultivariate analysis using general linear regression models of factors associated with depression in the Tasmanian Epilepsy Register Mood Study (TERMS), a cross‐sectional community sample of 440 patients with epilepsy.ResultsA model with acceptable fit was created that explained 66% of the variance of depression. Associated factors included in this model were neuroticism, physical functioning, social support, past history of depression, and stressful life events.SignificanceIn this cross‐sectional study designed specifically to investigate depression in epilepsy, we showed that general risk factors for depression in other illness and in the general population are also important in patients with epilepsy, with little support for disease‐related risk factors.
Idiopathic infectious arthritis of the coxofemoral joint in a mature horse
Authors: Woodford N. S. , Puzio J. , Parker R. D. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryThe authors are aware of only one previously described case of idiopathic infectious arthritis of the coxofemoral joint in a mature horse. The case described herein presented with clinical signs that localised pain to the proximal limb, subtle increased radiopharmaceutical uptake at the coxofemoral joint and an increase of the major acute phase protein, serum amyloid A in the horse's blood biochemistry. The latter finding led the authors to search initially for an infective process. Ultrasound guided aspiration of the coxofemoral joint yielded infected synovial fluid. Despite the duration of the condition, nonsurgical treatment allowed the horse to return to its previous, relatively modest, level of activity. This case is presented to supplement the single previously published case report of idiopathic adult coxofemoral infectious arthritis in the horse.
Clearance of corticosteroids following intra‐articular administration of clinical doses to racehorses
Authors: Knych H. K. , Blea J. A. , Arthur R. M. , Overly L. R. , McIlwraith C. W. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryOver the last few years there has been a nationwide cooperative effort to establish threshold concentrations and withdrawal time guidelines for corticosteroid use in racehorses. As dosing regimens are specific to individual horses and highly variable, it is not possible to establish regulatory guidelines for every dosing scenario and therefore they are often based on single dose administration studies. The goal of the study described here was to assess the applicability of current regulatory recommendations for intra‐articular corticosteroids based on clinical protocols used by practitioners. A total of 58 Thoroughbred and 82 Quarter Horse racehorses received varying doses of triamcinolone acetonide, methylprednisolone acetate, isoflupredone or betamethasone intra‐articularly in various joints by the treating practitioner. Blood samples were collected at 0, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days post drug administration and serum samples analysed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry for quantitation of drug concentrations. Serum elimination varied depending upon the dose and the number and specific joints treated. Serum concentrations fell below theARCIthreshold guidance by Day 7 (100 pg/ml) for both triamcinolone acetonide (2–40 mg dose) and isoflupredone acetate (4–30 mg dose) and Day 21 (100 pg/ml) for methylprednisolone acetate (20–600 mg dose). Betamethasone fell below the regulatory threshold (10 pg/ml) by 7 days for all Quarter Horses and for 7/10 Thoroughbreds studied. Drug concentrations were below the regulatory threshold by Day 10 in the remaining 3 horses receiving betamethasone.
Amomum tsao‐ko fruit extract suppresses lipopolysaccharide‐induced inducible nitric oxide synthase by inducing heme oxygenase‐1 in macrophages and in septic mice
Authors: Shin Ji‐Sun , Ryu Suran , Jang Dae Sik , Cho Young‐Wuk , Chung Eun Kyung , Lee Kyung‐Tae 
Published: January 2016

SummaryAmomum tsao‐ko Crevost et Lemarié (Zingiberaceae) has traditionally been used to treat inflammatory and infectious diseases, such as throat infections, malaria, abdominal pain and diarrhoea. This study was designed to assess the anti‐inflammatory effects and the molecular mechanisms of the methanol extract of A. tsao‐ko (AOM) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and in a murine model of sepsis. In LPS‐induced RAW 264.7 macrophages, AOM reduced the production of nitric oxide (NO) by inhibiting inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, and increased heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) expression at the protein and mRNA levels. Pretreatment with SnPP (a selective inhibitor of HO‐1) and silencing HO‐1 using siRNA prevented the AOM‐mediated inhibition of NO production and iNOS expression. Furthermore, AOM increased the expression and nuclear accumulation of NF‐E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2), which enhanced Nrf2 binding to antioxidant response element (ARE). In addition, AOM induced the phosphorylation of extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) and c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) and generated reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, pretreatment with N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine (NAC; a ROS scavenger) diminished the AOM‐induced phosphorylation of ERK and JNK and AOM‐induced HO‐1 expression, suggesting that ERK and JNK are downstream mediators of ROS during the AOM‐induced signalling of HO‐1 expression. In LPS‐induced endotoxaemic mice, pretreatment with AOM reduced NO serum levels and liver iNOS expression and increased HO‐1 expression and survival rates. These results indicate that AOM strongly inhibits LPS‐induced NO production by activating the ROS/MAPKs/Nrf2‐mediated HO‐1 signalling pathway, and supports its pharmacological effects on inflammatory diseases.
Preparation, characterisation and structure of rabbit (Hyla rabbit) skin gelatine
Authors: Yu Wei , Wang Xuemeng , Ma Liang , Li Hongjun , He Zhifei , Zhang Yuhao 
Published: January 2016

SummaryRabbit skin was used as a raw material to prepare gelatine. The yield of extracted rabbit skin gelatine was 8.49 ± 0.91% based on a wet weight basis. The bloom strength of 6.67% rabbit gelatine was 457.57 ± 3.302 g, and its gelling and melting temperatures were 27.8 and 34.4 °C, respectively. Sodium dodecyl sulphate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis demonstrated that the content of the subunit components (α chain, β and γ components) of the rabbit skin gelatine achieved 97.915%. Amino acid composition analysis indicated that the total amino acid contents (proline plus hydroxyproline) in the rabbit gelatine were 222 residues per 1000 residues. The high content of the subunit components and amino acids could contribute to the gelatine's suitable gel properties. Rabbit gelatine had nearly all of the characteristic absorption peaks of collagen from rabbit skin, and the loss of the triple helical structure and damage to part of the hydrogen bonds occurred during the conversion of collagen to gelatine.
Expression analysis of BECN1 in acute myeloid leukemia: association with distinct cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities
Authors: Zare‐Abdollahi D. , Safari S. , Movafagh A. , Ghadiani M. , Tabarraee M. , Riazi‐Isfahani S. , Gorji S. , Keyvan L. , Gachkar L. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryIntroductionIn acute myeloid leukemia (AML), it has been shown that AML‐derived cells often remain sensitive to autophagy‐inducing stimuli, leading to the idea that harnessing the autophagy can be pertinent to AML cytotoxic therapy. Despite this promising notion, to date, there is no comprehensive study addressing autophagy‐related genes expression status in AML. As a critical mediator, BECN1 influences the onset and advance of autophagy and several studies have pointed to the BECN1 recurrent allelic deletion and expression variation in a broad range of tumors. To explore this caveat, we chose this alteration‐prone gene to investigate in our study.MethodsWe have analyzed the expression status of BECN1 in a series of 128 de novo AML patients using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR).ResultsIn our favorable subgroup, BECN1 expression did not alter (P = 0.301), but in intermediate and unfavorable patients, we have had BECN1 low expression compared to the normal controls (P = 0.008 and P < 0.001, respectively). We found evidence for the association of reduced expression of BECN1 with FLT3‐ITD mutation (19 of 27 patients), monosomal karyotype (all of 11 patients), higher age, and WBC count.ConclusionOverall, remarkable association of reduced expression of BECN1 with FLT3‐ITD mutation and monosomal karyotype and their functional relationship is interesting which should be addressed and verified in future studies.
Factorial structure of the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales: An ordinal confirmatory factor analysis using a national sample of clinician ratings in England
Authors: Speak Barry L. , Muncer Steven J. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIn the present study, the superior factorial structure of the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS) was investigated. The aims of the study were to test the fit of our new four‐factor/subscale structure within and across a wide range of clinical populations compared to competing structures, and to identify any clinical populations where the HoNOS might require modification in order to improve its psychometric properties. Ordinal confirmatory factor analysis was performed for four competing HoNOS subscale structures using a national sample of 80 161ratings taken at the point of referral to mental health services in England.A new four‐factor structure with good/acceptable internal consistency for each of the factors/subscales demonstrated a significantly better fit to the data for 21 of the 24 data groups compared to three competing subscale models. A new four‐factor/subscale structure was shown to be the most generalizable subscale structure currently available for HoNOS. However, although superior to other factorial structures, the statistical fit was less than optimal for some clinical populations. Therefore, we would recommend that additional items relevant to all mental health patients are identified and added to the HoNOS in order to allow the development of a single, more generalizable subscale structure, and a much improved version of the HoNOS.
A two‐stage packing problem procedure
Authors: Moura Ana , Bortfeldt Andreas 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis paper deals with a two‐stage packing problem that has to be solved in the daily distribution process of a Portuguese trading company. In the first stage, boxes including goods are to be packed on pallets, while in the second stage these pallets are loaded into one or more trucks. The boxes have to be transported to different customers, and the main goal is to guarantee a sufficient utilization of the truck loading space. A two‐stage packing procedure is proposed to cover both problem stages. First, boxes are loaded onto pallets by means of a well‐known container loading algorithm. Then, trucks are filled with loaded pallets by a tree search algorithm. The performance of the two‐stage approach was evaluated using a set of instances that are based on actual company data.
Evaluation of pharmacist‐based compared to doctor‐based anticoagulation management in Qatar
Authors: Elewa Hazem , Jalali Fatemeh , Khudair Nada , Hassaballah Noha , Abdelsamad Osama , Mohammed Shaban 
Published: January 2016

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesFor over 60 years, warfarin has been the mainstay anticoagulant used in the outpatient setting for the prevention and treatment of a wide variety of thromboembolic clinical conditions. Guidelines recommend that health care providers managing oral anticoagulation therapy should do so in a systematic and coordinated fashion. Studies have shown that, when compared to traditional doctor‐based anticoagulation management, pharmacist‐managed anticoagulation services can improve patient outcomes. The first pharmacist‐based anticoagulation clinic in Qatar was launched in 2013 at Alwakra Hospital. The primary objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of pharmacist versus doctor‐based anticoagulation management on the percentage time under therapeutic INR (International Normalized Ratio; TTR), INR within therapeutic range and the extreme out of range INRs.MethodA retrospective cohort study was designed to compare the anticoagulation control of pharmacist‐based warfarin clinic to the usual doctor‐care.ResultsData from 278 patients taking warfarin (78 managed at pharmacist and 200 at doctor‐based clinic) were evaluated. Subjects followed at the pharmacist‐based clinic had a superior TTR compared to those managed at the doctor‐based clinic (81.8% vs. 69.8%, P < 0.001). Additionally, the percentage of visits within therapeutic range were significantly higher in the pharmacist's group compared to doctor's group (76.5% vs. 71.2%, P = 0.011). At the same time, percentage of visits with extreme subtherapeutic INR was reduced in the pharmacist‐managed clinic (5.17% vs. 7.05%, P = 0.007)ConclusionsOur study indicates that pharmacist‐based anticoagulation has better INR control when compared to the traditional anticoagulation management. Pharmacist‐managed anticoagulation clinics should be considered and supported for warfarin management.
Antibacterial efficacy and pharmacokinetic evaluation of sanguinarine in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) following a single intraperitoneal administration
Authors: Ling F , Wu Z‐Q , Jiang C , Liu L , Wang G‐X 
Published: January 2016

AbstractSanguinarine (SA), with antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities against fish pathogens, exhibits great potential commercial use in aquaculture. However, little information on pharmacokinetics of SA restricts further application in aquaculture. In this study, pharmacokinetics of SA in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) following a single intraperitoneal administration [10 mg kg−1 BW (body weight)] was evaluated by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The peak concentration (Cmax) of SA in kidney was 11.8 μg g−1, which was higher than in other tissues and plasma. The terminal half‐life in fish tissue and plasma was as follows: 42.3 h (kidney) > 37.2 h (liver) > 20.1 h (gill) > 18.8 h (muscle) > 10.9 h (spleen) > 10.0 h (plasma). Additionally, we determined the bacterial loads in tissues of common carp infected with Aeromonas hydrophila after i.p. administration of SA at 0, 5, 10 and 20 mg kg−1 BW. The results showed that i.p. administration of SA at 10 mg kg−1 BW significantly enhanced antibacterial efficacy against A. hydrophila, where the antibacterial ratio in the gill, kidney, spleen and liver on day 5 was 95.13%, 93.33%, 90.09% and 92.82%, respectively. Overall, these results suggested the potential of SA to treat A. hydrophila infection in common carp farming industry.
First evidence of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in the Netherlands
Authors: Haenen O L M , Schuetze H , Cieslak M , Oldenburg S , Spierenburg M A H , Roozenburg‐Hengst I , Voorbergen‐Laarman M , Engelsma M Y , Olesen N J 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIn spring 2008, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) was detected for the first time in the Netherlands. The virus was isolated from rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), from a put‐and‐take fishery with angling ponds. IHNV is the causative agent of a serious fish disease, infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN). From 2008 to 2011, we diagnosed eight IHNV infections in rainbow trout originating from six put‐and‐take fisheries (symptomatic and asymptomatic fish), and four IHNV infections from three rainbow trout farms (of which two were co‐infected by infectious pancreatic necrosis virus, IPNV), at water temperatures between 5 and 15 °C. At least one farm delivered trout to four of these eight IHNV‐positive farms. Mortalities related to IHNV were mostly <40%, but increased to nearly 100% in case of IHNV and IPNV co‐infection. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis revealed that these 12 isolates clustered into two different monophyletic groups within the European IHNV genogroup E. One of these two groups indicates a virus‐introduction event by a German trout import, whereas the second group indicates that IHNV was already (several years) in the Netherlands before its discovery in 2008.
Perceived School Climate and Chinese Adolescents' Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts: The Mediating Role of Sleep Quality
Authors: Li Dongping , Bao Zhenzhou , Li Xian , Wang Yanhui 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSchool factors play important roles in adolescent suicide. However, little is known about how school climate is associated with adolescent suicide. This study examined the relationship between perceived school climate and adolescent suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, and whether these relations were explained by adolescent sleep quality.METHODSA total of 1529 Chinese adolescents (mean age = 14.74 years; 52% boys) participated in the study. They provided self‐report data on control variables, perceived school climate, sleep quality, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts.RESULTSAfter controlling for sex, age, family structure, socioeconomic status, and parent‐adolescent attachment, we found that perceived school climate negatively predicted adolescent suicidal ideation (odds ratio [OR] = 0.66, p < .001) and suicide attempts (OR= 0.72, p < .001). Moreover, perceived school climate positively predicated adolescent sleep quality (β = 0.13, p < .001), which in turn, negatively predicted adolescent suicidal ideation (OR= 0.75, p < .001) and suicide attempts (OR= 0.76, p < .001).CONCLUSIONThese findings, although cross‐sectional, indicate that perceived school climate plays an important role in adolescent suicidality. Moreover, the relation between perceived school climate and adolescent suicidality was largely mediated by adolescent sleep quality.