bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Cane Use on Bone Marrow Lesion Volume in People With Medial Knee Osteoarthritis (CUBA Trial)
Authors: Van Ginckel Ans , Hinman Rana S. , Wrigley Tim V. , Hunter David J. , Marshall Charlotte J. , Melo Luciano , Meneses Sarah R.F. , Simic Milena , Kasza Jessica , Duryea Jeff , Wallis Jason A. , Bennell Kim L. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Background. No effective cure exists for knee osteoarthritis (OA). Low-burden self-management strategies that can slow disease progression are needed. Bone marrow lesions (BMLs) are a source of knee pain and accelerate cartilage loss. Importantly, they may be responsive to biomechanical off-loading treatments.
Objective. The study objective is to investigate whether, in people with medial tibiofemoral OA, daily cane use for 12 weeks reduces the volume of medial tibiofemoral BMLs and improves pain, physical function, and health-related quality of life.
Design. This study will be an assessor-masked, 2-arm, parallel-group, multisite randomized controlled trial.
Setting. The community will serve as the setting for this study.
Participants. The study participants will be people who are 50 years old or older and have medial tibiofemoral OA and at least 1 medial tibiofemoral BML.
Intervention. The participants will be allocated to either the cane group (using a cane daily whenever walking for 12 weeks) or the control group (not using any gait aid for 12 weeks).
Measurements. Outcomes will be measured at baseline and 13 weeks. The primary outcome will be total medial tibiofemoral BML volume measured from magnetic resonance imaging. Secondary outcomes will include BML volume of the medial tibia and/or femur, knee pain overall and on walking, physical function, participant-perceived global change, and health-related quality of life. Additional measures will include physical activity, cointerventions, adverse events, participation, participant demographics, cane training process measures and feasibility, barriers to and facilitators of cane use, and loss to follow-up.
Limitations. People who are morbidly obese will not be included because of difficulties with magnetic resonance imaging.
Conclusions. The findings of this study will help to determine whether cane use can alter disease progression in people with medial tibiofemoral OA and/or influence clinical symptoms. This study may directly influence clinical guidelines for the management of knee OA.
Epalrestat Stimulated Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Fibrogenesis in Mouse Liver
Authors: Le Yuan , Chen Liming , Zhang Yue , Bu Pengli , Dai Guoli , Cheng Xingguo 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Epalrestat (EPS), an aldose reductase inhibitor, is widely prescribed to manage diabetic neuropathy. It is generally believed that EPS is beneficial to diabetic patients because it can protect endothelial cells, Schwann cells, or other neural cells from oxidative stress. However, several clinical studies revealed that EPS therapy led to liver dysfunction, which limited its clinical applications. Currently, the underlying mechanism by which EPS causes liver dysfunction is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism responsible for EPS-induced liver injury. In mouse liver, EPS 1) increased oxidative stress, indicated by increased expression of manganese superoxide dismutase, Ho-1, and Nqo1, 2) induced inflammation, indicated by infiltration of inflammatory cells, and induced expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, CD11b, and CD11c, as well as 3) predisposed to induce fibrosis, evidenced by increased mRNA and protein expression of early profibrotic biomarker genes procollagen I and alpha-smooth muscle actin, and by increased collagen deposition. In cultured mouse and human hepatoma cells, EPS treatment induced oxidative stress, decreased cell viability, and triggered apoptosis evidenced by increased Caspase-3 cleavage/activation. In addition, EPS increased mRNA and protein expression of cytoglobin in mouse liver, indicating that EPS activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Furthermore, EPS treatment in cultured human HSCs increased cell viability. In summary, EPS administration induced oxidative stress and inflammation in mouse liver, and stimulated liver fibrogenesis. Therefore, cautions should be exercised during EPS therapy.
Caring for Pregnant Women for Whom Transfusion is Not an Option. A National Review to Assist in Patient Care
Authors: Kidson-Gerber Giselle , Kerridge Ian , Farmer Shannon , Stewart Cameron L. , Savoia Helen , Challis Daniel 
Published: February 2017

(Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2016;56(2):127–136)
In situations where the administration of blood or blood products is not a therapeutic option, management of obstetric hemorrhage can be extremely difficult and require additional multidisciplinary communication as well as unique approaches. Transfusion may not be an option when a woman has complex red cell antibodies or a rare blood group, because blood products are unavailable, or because the patient refuses transfusion for religious (as in the case of Jehovah’s Witnesses) or other reasons. In these circumstances, it is critically important that these women receive optimal management despite the inability to transfuse blood products. Research has shown that postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity globally. A coordinated multidisciplinary approach, which may include blood products, is required in management of these situations.
Evaluation of High-risk Obstetric Patients: A Survey of US Academic Centers
Authors: Butwick A.J. , Tiouririne M. 
Published: February 2017

(J Clin Anesth. 2016;33:460–468)
Patients at high risk for medical, obstetric, neuraxial, and/or general anesthetic-related morbidity may benefit from antenatal anesthetic evaluation. Although this service is provided at obstetric anesthesia clinics (OACs), few studies have examined the availability or characteristics of OACs. Consequently, the authors of the present study evaluated use, operational characteristics, and referral patterns (high-risk patients to anesthesiologists) of OACs at various academic centers.
The Role of Aspirin Dose on the Prevention of Preeclampsia and Fetal Growth Restriction: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Roberge S. , Nicolaides K. , Demers S. , Hyett J. , Chaillet N. , Bujold E. 
Published: February 2017

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016 pii: S0002-9378(16)30783–30789)
Preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) are important causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Several studies have suggested that the prophylactic use of low-dose aspirin may help to reduce risk in pregnant women. However, the optimal dosage remains unclear. Therefore, these authors performed a systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials and evaluated the dose-response effect of aspirin on the prevention of PE and FGR.
Practice Guidelines for the Prevention, Detection, and Management of Respiratory Depression Associated With Neuraxialn Opioid Administration: An Updated Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Neuraxial Opioids and the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
Authors: Apfelbaum Jeffrey L. , Horlocker Terese T. , Agarkar Madhulika , Connis Richard T. , Hebl James R. , Nickinovich David G. , Palmer Craig M. , Rathmell James P. , Rosenquist Richard W. , Wu Christopher L. 
Published: February 2017

(Anesthesiology. 2016;124:535–552)
Practice guidelines are systematically developed recommendations that enable the practitioner and the patient to make informed health care decisions. They may be adopted, modified, or rejected based on clinical needs and constraints, and are subject to revision as necessitated by the advancement of medical knowledge, technology, and practice. This review is an update of the American Society of Anesthesiologists guidelines for the prevention, detection, and management of respiratory depression associated with neuraxial opioid administration. The purpose of these updated guidelines was to improve patient safety and anesthetic care quality by decreasing the incidence and severity of neuraxial opioid-related respiratory depression. These updated guidelines focused on managing patients receiving epidural or spinal opioids in inpatient or ambulatory settings. A thorough methodology was used in the preparation of these guidelines by obtaining scientific evidence and opinion-based evidence.
Malpractice and Obstetric Practice: The Correlation of Malpractice Premiums to Rates of Vaginal and Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Johnson C.T. , Choubey V. , Satin A.J. , Werner E.F. 
Published: February 2017

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;545–546)
Malpractice lawsuits can influence patient care, since the burden of professional liability could change the way physicians decide to manage care. Already, liability suits have caused 22% of providers to reduce their patient volume when it comes to high-risk obstetric cases, 14% to discontinue their obstetric practice altogether, and 9% to reduce all obstetric patient volume. Considering this correlation, the authors of this paper attempted to determine how the phenomenon of professional liability might impact the rate of cesarean delivery.
Second-stage Labor: How Long is Too Long?
Authors: Leveno Kenneth J. , Nelson David B. , McIntire Donald D. 
Published: February 2017

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;214(4):484–489)
Data available show that the rates of cesarean delivery are increasing continually (reaching a record high of 32.9% in the United States in 2009), especially in the management of first and second stages of labor. Hence there is an increased scrutiny of the management of labor. The Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists convened a workshop to address this issue of rising cesarean delivery rates. One of their recommendations was that the accepted upper limit of the second stage of labor should be increased to ≥4 hours in nulliparous women with epidural analgesia and to >3 hours in parous women with epidural analgesia. These recommendations were presented in a document entitled “Safe Prevention of the Primary Cesarean Delivery,” which was the inaugural publication in the Obstetric Care Consensus series.
When Getting There is Not Enough: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study of 998 Maternal Deaths and 1451 Near-misses in Public Tertiary Hospitals in a Low-income Country
Authors: Oladapo O.T. , Adetoro O.O. , Ekele B.A. , Chama C. , Etuk S.J. , Aboyeji A.P. , Onah H.E. , Abasiattai A.M. , Adamu A.N. , Adegbola O. , Adeniran A.S. , Aimakhu C.O. , Akinsanya O. , Aliyu L.D. , Ande A.B. , Ashimi A. , Bwala M. , Fabamwo A. , Geidam A.D. , Ikechebelu J.I. , Imaralu J.O. , Kuti O. , Nwachukwu D. , Omo-Aghoja L. , Tunau K. , Tukur J. , Umeora O. , Umezulike A.C. , Dada O.A. , Tunçalp Ö. , Vogel J.P. , Gülmezoglu A.M. 
Published: February 2017

(BJOG. 2016;123:928–938)
Achieving the fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG-5) to reduce maternal mortality rates is a challenge in some low-income countries due to the lack of reliable data to evaluate progress and guide the appropriate actions. The aim of this study, the Nigeria Near-miss and Maternal Death Survey, was to determine the burden of maternal death and maternal near-miss occurrences through surveillance and data collection of life-threatening maternal complications or severe maternal outcomes (SMO) from Nigerian public tertiary hospitals.
Repeated Isoflurane Exposure and Neuroapoptosis in the Midgestation Fetal Sheep Brain
Authors: Olutoye Olutoyin A. , Sheikh Fariha , Zamora Irving J. , Yu Ling , Akinkuotu Adesola C. , Adesina Adekunle M. , Olutoye Oluyinka O. 
Published: February 2017

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;214:542.e1–542.e8)
Despite current concerns about the detrimental effects of anesthesia on the developing brain, advances in surgery and technology allow for a variety of fetal interventions. Evidence has shown that the inhalational anesthetic agent, isoflurane, other gamma amino butyric acid agonists and N-methyl D aspartate antagonists induce neuroapoptosis. To study maternal-fetal physiological interactions and to investigate different surgical interventions on the fetus, the ovine model has been used extensively. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different doses and duration of isoflurane on neuroapoptosis in midgestation fetal sheep.
The Effects of Vasopressin and Oxytocin on the Fetoplacental Distal Stem Arteriolar Vascular Resistance of the Dual-Perfused, Single, Isolated, Human Placental Cotyledon
Authors: Downing John W. , Baysinger Curtis L. , Johnson Raymond F. , Paschall Ray L. , Shotwell Matthew S. 
Published: February 2017

(Anesth Analg. 2016;123:698–702)
Maternal hypotension during cesarean delivery can be treated with vasoactive agents like ephedrine, phenylephrine, or vasopressin. However, these agents may intensify hypoxemic fetoplacental vasoconstrictor responses and inhibit placental oxygen flow. In the present study, the authors hypothesized that vasopressin, a systemic vasoconstrictor, and oxytocin, an uterotonic agent with systemic vasodilator properties, would not influence distal stem villous arteriolar resistance.
The Impact of Ambient Operating Room Temperature on Neonatal and Maternal Hypothermia and Associated Morbidities: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Duryea Elaine L. , Nelson David B. , Wyckoff Myra H. , Grant Erica N. , Tao Weike , Sadana Neeti , Chalak Lina F. , McIntire Donald D. , Leveno Kenneth J. 
Published: February 2017

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;214:505.e1–505.7)
The World Health Organization defines mild hypothermia as a temperature of 36.0°C to 36.4°C (96.8°F to 97.5°F) and moderate to severe hypothermia as a temperature below <36.0°C (96.8°F). At the time of delivery, neonatal hypothermia can be caused by various factors, including the infant’s poor ability to regulate temperature owing to evaporative heat loss within a relatively cool delivery room. A condition common during cesarean delivery and in preterm infants, neonatal hypothermia has been associated with a range of morbidities in addition to increased neonatal mortality. Maternal hypothermia is also often uncomfortable for the surgical patient and has been associated with intraoperative and postoperative complications. There are various methods used to decrease the rates of neonatal and maternal hypothermia with varying levels of success. The objective of this study was to investigate whether an increase in operating room temperature at cesarean delivery resulted in a decrease in the rate of neonatal hypothermia and associated morbidities.
Accidental Dural Puncture Management: 10-Year Experience at an Academic Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Bolden Norman , Gebre Ermias 
Published: February 2017

(Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016;41:169–174)
Epidural analgesia is the most effective form of analgesia for labor pain. However, the placement of an epidural catheter is associated with complications, such as accidental dural puncture (ADP) and postdural puncture headache (PDPH). The management of an ADP may be either resiting of the epidural catheter at another interspace or catheter insertion into the intrathecal space and use of the spinal catheter for labor analgesia. This study aimed to assess the impact of the use of spinal catheters and the administration of intrathecal saline on PDPH incidence and subsequent epidural blood patch (EBP) requirement at a tertiary care facility.
Effect of High-fidelity Shoulder Dystocia Simulation on Emergency Obstetric Skills and Crew Resource Management Skills Among Residents
Authors: Mannella P. , Palla G. , Cuttano A. , Boldrini A. , Simoncini T. 
Published: February 2017

(Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2016. pii: S0020-7292(16)30348–4)
Shoulder dystocia is associated with a high incidence of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Effective management of this obstetric complication requires swift collaboration between the lead physician and obstetrics team. In the present study, the authors determineed the impact of high-fidelity simulation training on the ability of obstetrics and gynecology residents to effectively manage shoulder dystocia emergencies.
Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery During Pregnancy in Women With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Stewart Z.A. , Wilinska M.E. , Hartnell S. , Temple R.C. , Rayman G. , Stanley K.P. , Simmons D. , Law G.R. , Scott E.M. , Hovorka R. , Murphy H.R. 
Published: February 2017

(N Engl J Med. 2016;375:644–654)
Closed-loop systems use a computer algorithm to adjust insulin-pump delivery in response to real-time continuous glucose measurements. Such systems may improve glycemic control in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes, who are increased risk of having negative fetal outcomes (congenital anomalies, still-birth, neonatal death, preterm delivery, and macrosomia).
Strong Ion and Weak Acid Analysis in Severe Preeclampsia: Potential Clinical Significance
Authors: Ortner C.M. , Combrinck B. , Allie S. , Story D. , Landau R. , Cain K. , Dyer R.A. 
Published: February 2017

(Br J Anaesth. 2015;115:275–284)
It has been suggested in preliminary work that abnormal acid-base status in pregnant women may be an indicator of preeclampsia disease severity. However, studies are scarce and there are no comprehensive analyses of independent or confounding factors. As acid/base measures using base excess (BE) have been used to predict outcomes in other clinical areas, the authors of the present study analyzed acid/base balance in women with severe preeclampsia and identified potential biological predictors of adverse outcomes.
Effects of Antenatal Exercise in Overweight and Obese Pregnant Women on Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Seneviratne S.N. , Jiang Y. , Derraik J.G.B. , McCowan L.M.E. , Parry G.K. , Biggs J.B. , Craigie S. , Gusso S. , Peres G. , Rodrigues R.O. , Ekeroma A. , Cutfield W.S. , Hofmana P.L. 
Published: February 2017

(BJOG. 2016;123:588–597)
Women who are overweight or obese during pregnancy have an increased risk of gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and cesarean section, and have a longer hospital stay.
Metabolic Acidemia in Live Births at 35 Weeks of Gestation or Greater
Authors: Morgan Jamie L. , Casey Brian M. , Bloom Steven L. , McIntire Donald D. , Leveno Kenneth J. 
Published: February 2017

(Obstet Gynecol. 2015;126:279–283)
Metabolic acidemia, defined as umbilical artery pH<7.0 and base deficit ≥12 mmol/L, is one of the diagnostic tools indicative of intrapartum hypoxia, which at sufficient levels, can lead to neonatal encephalopathy, ischemia-induced neuroimaging patterns, and cerebral palsy. The authors of the present study examined the incidence of metabolic acidemia in singleton neonates born between 35 and 42 weeks gestation, in order to assess the link between metabolic acidemia and negative obstetric outcomes. The primary outcome was neonatal seizures (an index of neonatal encephalopathy) in the first 24 hours after birth.
Transfers to Hospital in Planned Home Birth in 4 Nordic Countries: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Blix Ellen , Kumle Merethe H. , Ingversen Karen , Huitfeldt Anette S. , Hegaard Hanne K. , Ólafsdóttir Ólöf Á. , øian Pål , Lindgren Helena 
Published: February 2017

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2016;95:420–428)
Research has shown that of women planning to give birth at home in western countries up to one-third are transferred to a hospital during labor or after the birth. The objective of this study was to describe how often women and neonates were transferred from home to a hospital during labor or after birth; the indications for transfer; how long before or after birth the transfer occurred; the mode and duration of transfer; and the proportion of transfers classified as potentially urgent.
The Wiley Spinal Catheter-Over-Needle System for Continuous Spinal Anesthesia: A Case Series of 5 Cesarean Deliveries Complicated by Paresthesias and Headaches
Authors: McKenzie Christine P. , Carvalho Brendan , Riley Edward T. 
Published: February 2017

(Reg Anesth Pain. Med 2016;41:405)
Two of the most effective methods used for providing intrapartum pain relief are epidural analgesia and combined spinal-epidural analgesia. Some of the advantages that spinal analgesia has over epidural analgesia include more rapid onset, a definitive endpoint for placement, usage of lower doses of local anesthetic/opioid, and superior sacral coverage. A continuous spinal analgesia technique offers the advantages of being able to prolong the duration of intrathecal analgesia, titrate the dose to effect, and rapidly convert a labor analgesic to a surgical anesthetic in case of a cesarean delivery.
Intrathecal Hydromorphone and Morphine for Postcesarean Delivery Analgesia: Determination of the ED90 Using a Sequential Allocation Biased-Coin Method
Authors: Sviggum Hans P. , Arendt Katherine W. , Jacob Adam K. , Niesen Adam D. , Johnson Rebecca L. , Schroeder Darrell R. , Tien Michael , Mantilla Carlos B. 
Published: February 2017

(Anesth Analg. 2016;123:690–697)
The gold standard for pain control is intrathecal (IT) morphine, with an optimal dose for postcesarean analgesia ranging from 0 to 500 μg. However, there have been national shortages of preservative-free morphine, and dose-dependent opioid-induced side effects (nausea, pruritus, sedation, and respiratory depression) do occur. IT hydromorphone is a potential alternative for providing postcesarean analgesia. The authors of the present study thus identified dosages of IT hydromorphone that provided effective analgesia in 90% (ED90) of patients.
Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia in Pregnancy: An Interdisciplinary Challenge: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Mauermann E. , Vökt C. , Tsakiris D.A. , Tobler D. , Girard T. 
Published: February 2017

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2016;26:79–82)
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) occurs seldom during pregnancy (<0.1%) but may lead to thrombosis when untreated.
Early Postpartum Mitral Valve Thrombosis Requiring Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation before Successful Valve Replacement
Authors: Halldorsdottir H. , Nordstrom J. , Brattstrom O. , Sennstrom M.M. , Sartipy U. , Mattsson E. 
Published: February 2017

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2016;26:75–78)
Patients with mechanical heart valves are at an increased risk of valve thrombosis during pregnancy.
Acute Vision Loss Secondary to Epidural Blood Patch: Terson Syndrome
Authors: Pagani-Estévez Gabriel L. , Chen John J. , Watson James C. , Leavitt Jacqueline A. 
Published: February 2017

(Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016;41(2):164–168)
Postdural puncture headache is commonly treated by lumbar epidural blood patch (EBP). A case study of vision loss that immediately occurred after an EBP is presented.