bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Trajetória das Competências e Habilidades em Educação no Brasil: das avaliações em larga escala para as salas de aula
Authors: Rangel Mary , Mocarzel Marcelo Siqueira Maia Vinagre , Pimenta Maria de Fátima Barros 
Published: October 2016

Este estudo tem por objetivo discutir concepções e propostas de competências e habilidades, retomando também elementos da avaliação. A partir da análise da implementação do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio/ENEM, busca-se argumentar sobre a importância de percepções críticas e contextualizadas, observando-se que a definição de competências e habilidades repercute, não só no ENEM, como no perfil que se espera do ingressante no ensino superior. Do ponto de vista metodológico, este texto caracteriza-se, então, como um ensaio teórico, descritivo e argumentativo, recuperando aportes históricos e conceituais, em cuja finalização relativiza-se o descrédito em disciplinas e concorda-se com o questionamento à importação de modelos sem um diálogo partilhado com a comunidade educativa. Complementa os aportes teóricos a revisão de algumas pesquisas recentes que, num mesmo período, discutiram competências e habilidades em diversos contextos. Palavras-chave: Competências. Habilidades. Avaliação.
Cathcart Castle, Glasgow – Excavations 1980–81
Authors: Kerr Brian , Cox Adrian , Gallagher Dennis , Graves Pamela , Haggarty George , Hall Derek , Malden Eileen , Malden John , Smith Catherine , Stell Geoffrey , Munro David , Fyles Chris , Boag Lesley 
Published: October 2016

Excavations on the site of the tower-house at Cathcart, demolished in 1980, produced evidence for the construction of the tower and associated barmkin, dated to the mid 15th century. No earlier structural remains were found but residual pottery suggests that the site was occupied prior to the construction of the tower. The interior of the tower was remodeled in circa 1630–40 in brickwork, an early dated example of the use of this material in Scotland, and decorated with elaborate plasterwork. The barmkin was dismantled and a new range of buildings added, also in the 17th century. Significant finds included an important clearance assemblage of local and imported ceramics, ironwork and glass from the partial demolition of the castle in the mid 18th century, deposited with assemblages of 17th-century plasterwork.
SPECTROSCOPIC CONFIRMATION OF THE DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXY d0994+71 AS A MEMBER OF THE M81 GROUP OF GALAXIES
Authors: Toloba Elisa , Sand David , Guhathakurta Puragra , Chiboucas Kristin , Crnojević Denija , Simon Joshua D. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
We use Keck/DEIMOS spectroscopy to measure the first velocity and metallicity of a dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxy beyond the Local Group using resolved stars. Our target, d0944+71, is a faint dSph found in the halo of the massive spiral galaxy M81 by Chiboucas et al. We coadd the spectra of 27 individual stars and measure a heliocentric radial velocity of −38 ± 10 km s−1. This velocity is consistent with d0944+71 being gravitationally bound to M81. We coadd the spectra of the 23 stars that are consistent with being red giant branch stars and measure an overall metallicity of [Fe/H] = −1.3 ± 0.3 based on the calcium triplet lines. This metallicity is consistent with d0944+71 following the metallicity−luminosity relation for Local Group dSphs. We investigate several potential sources of observational bias but find that our sample of targeted stars is representative of the metallicity distribution function of d0944+71 and any stellar contamination due to seeing effects is negligible. The low ellipticity of the galaxy and its position in the metallicity−luminosity relation suggest that d0944+71 has not been affected by strong tidal stripping.
Maraviroc Ameliorates the Increased Adipose Tissue Macrophage Recruitment Induced by a High-Fat Diet in a Mouse Model of Obesity
Authors: Pérez-Matute Patricia , Pichel José G , Iñiguez María , Recio-Fernández Emma , Pérez-Martínez Laura , Torrens Raquel , Blanco José Ramón , Oteo José Antonio 
Published: October 2016

Background Any strategy designed to decrease the macrophage content in adipose tissue (AT) is of great value as a way to decrease inflammation in this fat depot and also as a way to prevent or treat obesity and associated disorders. Maraviroc (MVC), a CCR5 antagonist approved for the treatment of HIV-infected patients, has beneficial effects on metabolism. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of MVC on AT macrophage recruitment in a mouse model of obesity. The plausible underlying mechanisms of action were also investigated. Methods 32 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to the following groups: control, MVC (300 mg/l MVC in drinking water), high-fat diet (HFD) or HFD+MVC. After 16 weeks of treatment, histopathological and molecular analyses were performed on epididymal fat. Results Our results demonstrated that MVC reduced the presence of macrophages in epididymal fat despite the ingestion of an HFD. The inhibition of MCP-1 gene expression and JNK signalling pathway along with the upregulation of protective cytokines such as cardiotrophin-1 could contribute to these actions. MVC effects on AT macrophage recruitment were associated with a lower body weight gain and a partial improvement in insulin resistance despite an HFD. Conclusions We have demonstrated the ability of MVC to ameliorate the increased AT macrophage recruitment induced by an HFD in a mouse model of obesity. These actions could be of interest when designing antiretroviral treatments in HIV-patients.
De Clinton à Obama : effets d’apprentissage et filtrage des alternatives
Authors: Lepont Ulrike 
Published: October 2016

Généralement mobilisée comme une variable explicative, la notion d’apprentissage fait rarement l’objet d’une analyse approfondie permettant d’en restituer la dimension politique. À partir du cas de la réforme du système de protection maladie américain de 2010, cet article interroge le processus politique par lequel, face à la diversité des interprétations possibles d’un même événement, certaines « leçons » s’imposent sur d’autres, réduisant ainsi le spectre des alternatives de politiques publiques envisagées. L’article questionne en particulier le ralliement des démocrates, après 1993, à l’idée de la nécessité d’un compromis bipartisan pour faire aboutir toute réforme du système de santé américain. Cette idée, considérée comme une leçon de l’échec de la réforme Clinton, a conduit à accentuer encore la place accordée au marché et à la responsabilité individuelle. En se concentrant sur les experts impliqués dans l’élaboration des politiques de santé auprès des démocrates, l’article montre par qui et comment cette interprétation a été formulée dans le milieu de l’expertise et identifie les ressources institutionnelles et sociales qui ont permis à ses promoteurs d’en faire un cadre d’interprétation dominant.
Governance risk, liquidity and stock performance: empirical evidence after global financial crises
Authors: Ezzine Hanene , Olivero Bernard 
Published: October 2016

La crise financière donne lieu au risque de tunneling par les actionnaires de contrôle ou les dirigeants. Celui-ci est observable d’une part sur la maitrise du risque de la gouvernance d'entreprise et d’autre part sur l’impact de la liquidité sur la performance boursière des firmes NASDAQ après la crise financière de 2007. Nous montrons la défaillance de la structure du conseil et de l'audit à gérer les risques et à améliorer la performance boursière. Le durcissement des exigences en matière de gouvernance des bourses américaines en ce qui concerne les droits des actionnaires et la rémunération impactent significativement la performance boursière. Cependant, nous trouvons une relation non significative entre la liquidité et le rendement des actions. La liquidité a augmenté la capacité de l'actionnaire majoritaire à exproprier les autres investisseurs.
Hochschild Cohomology in Algebra, Geometry, and Topology
Authors: Avramov Luchezar L. , Buchweitz Ragnar-Olaf , Lowen Wendy 
Published: October 2016

In 1945 Gerhard Hochschild published "On the cohomology groups of an associative algebra" in the
Annals of Mathematics
and thereby created what is now called Hochschild theory. In 1963, Murray Gerstenhaber proved that the Hochschild cohomology of any associative algebra carries a super-Poisson algebra structure, comprised of a graded commutative cup product and an odd super Lie algebra structure that acts through graded derivations with respect to the product. Subsequently, a number of higher structures have been discovered, and a vast body of research concerning and/or using Hochschild theory has developed in many different fields in mathematics and physics.
Development of a Prediction Model for Ebola Virus Disease: A Retrospective Study in Nzérékoré Ebola Treatment Center, Guinea
Authors: Loubet Paul , Palich Romain , Kojan Richard , Peyrouset Olivier , Danel Christine , Nicholas Sarala , Conde Mamoudou , Porten Klaudia , Augier Augustin , Yazdanpanah Yazdan 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The 2014 Ebola epidemic has shown the importance of accurate and rapid triage tools for patients with suspected Ebola virus disease (EVD). Our objective was to create a predictive score for EVD. We retrospectively reviewed all suspected cases admitted to the Ebola treatment center (ETC) in Nzérékoré, Guinea, between December 2, 2014, and February 23, 2015. We used a multivariate logistic regression model to identify clinical and epidemiological factors associated with EVD, which were used to create a predictive score. A bootstrap sampling method was applied to our sample to determine characteristics of the score to discriminate EVD. Among the 145 patients included in the study (48% male, median age 29 years), EVD was confirmed in 76 (52%) patients. One hundred and eleven (77%) patients had at least one epidemiological risk factor. Optimal cutoff value of fever to discriminate EVD was 38.5°C. After adjustment on presence of a risk factor, temperature higher than 38.5°C (odds ratio [OR] = 18.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.6–42.9), and anorexia (OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.1–6.1) were independently associated with EVD. The score had an area under curve of 0.85 (95% CI = 0.78–0.91) for the prediction of laboratory-confirmed EVD. Classification of patients in a high-risk group according to the score had a lower sensitivity (71% versus 86%) but higher specificity (85% versus 41%) than the existing World Health Organization algorithm. This score, which requires external validation, may be used in high-prevalence settings to identify different levels of risk in EVD suspected patients and thus allow a better orientation in different wards of ETC.
Promotion of Cholera Awareness Among Households of Cholera Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Cholera-Hospital-Based-Intervention-for-7 Days (CHoBI7) Intervention
Authors: Saif-Ur-Rahman K. M. , Parvin Tahmina , Bhuyian Sazzadul Islam , Zohura Fatema , Begum Farzana , Rashid Mahamud-Ur , Biswas Shwapon Kumar , Sack David , Sack R. Bradley , Monira Shirajum , Alam Munirul , Shaly Nusrat Jahan , George Christine Marie 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that household contacts of cholera patients are highly susceptible to cholera infections for a 7-day period after the presentation of the index patient in the hospital. However, there is no standard of care to prevent cholera transmission in this high-risk population. Furthermore, there is limited information available on awareness of cholera transmission and prevention among cholera patients and their household contacts. To initiate a standard of care for this high-risk population, we developed the Cholera-Hospital-Based-Intervention-for-7-Days (CHoBI7), which delivers a handwashing with soap and water treatment intervention to household contacts during the time they spend with the admitted cholera patient in the hospital and reinforces these messages through home visits. To test CHoBI7, we conducted a randomized controlled trial among 302 intervention cholera patient household members and 302 control cholera patient household members in Dhaka, Bangladesh. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the CHoBI7 intervention in increasing awareness of cholera transmission and prevention, and the key times for handwashing with soap. We observed a significant increase in cholera knowledge score in the intervention arm compared with the control arm at both the 1-week follow-up {score coefficient = 2.34 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.96, 2.71)} and 6 to 12-month follow-up period (score coefficient = 1.59 [95% CI = 1.05, 2.13]). This 1-week hospital- and home-based intervention led to a significant increase in knowledge of cholera transmission and prevention which was sustained 6 to 12 months post-intervention. These findings suggest that the CHoBI7 intervention presents a promising approach to increase cholera awareness among this high-risk population.
Positivity of Antigen Tests Used for Diagnosis of Lymphatic Filariasis in Individuals Without Wuchereria bancrofti Infection But with High Loa loa Microfilaremia
Authors: Pion Sébastien D. , Montavon Céline , Chesnais Cédric B. , Kamgno Joseph , Wanji Samuel , Klion Amy D. , Nutman Thomas B. , Boussinesq Michel 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Since the mid-2000s, the immunochromatographic card test (ICT), a point-of-care test for detecting Wuchereria bancrofti circulating filarial antigens (CFAs), has been the backbone for mapping and monitoring lymphatic filariasis (LF) worldwide. Recently, there have been instances in which CFA positivity has been associated with Loa loa microfilaremia. Here, we examined the association, at both the community and individual levels, between L. loa and CFA using additional diagnostic tools (quantitative polymerase chain reaction [qPCR], Og4C3 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and IgG4 antibodies to Wb123 assays) to demonstrate the relationship between L. loa microfilaremia and ICT positivity. In May 2013, peripheral blood was collected during the day from 1,812 individuals living in southern Cameroon. ICT tests were done on the spot, and positive individuals were resampled at night. Results of qPCR and Wb123 assays concurred proving the absence of W. bancrofti infection. Og4C3 assays indicate a quantitative relationship between the level of L. loa microfilaremia and that of CFA. This was confirmed by epidemiological analyses, which reveal a strong association between L. loa microfilaremia and ICT positivity, with 50% of ICT reacting to L. loa when its microfilarial density exceeds 30,000 microfilariae/mL. At the community level, the proportion of positive ICT would exceed 2% when the prevalence of L. loa microfilaremia in the total population is above 20%. This has significant implications in terms of mapping and control of LF caused by W. bancrofti in Loa-endemic areas. Cross-reactivity of ICT with L. loa has to be considered in the context of both individual and community diagnostics.
Némethy, Judith Kesserű, ed. 2015. <i>21st Century Hungarian Language Survival in Transylvania.</i> Reno, NV: Helena History Press. 366 pp. Maps.
Authors: Nyirady Kenneth 
Published: October 2016

Review of 21st Century Hungarian Language Survival in Transylvania. Edited by Judith Kesserű Némethy. Helena History Press [2015].
The American Reception and Settlement of Hungarian Refugees in 1956–1957
Authors: Pastor Peter 
Published: October 2016

In the wake of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, close to two hundred thousand Hungarians crossed into Austria. About thirty thousand of these refugees were allowed to enter the United States. Their common experience of living under totalitarian communism and participating or being a witness to the exhilarating thirteen days of the revolution and their sudden, previously unplanned, departure from the homeland gave them a collective identity that was different from the one shared by the people of previous waves of Hungarian influx to the United States. The high educational level of the refugees attained before and after their arrival made their absorption into the mainstream relatively easy. The integration process was facilitated by the shaping of a positive image of the 1956 refugees by the US government and the media. The reestablishment of the communist system in post-1956 Hungary contributed to the perception that, for the refugees in the United States, there was no hope for return to the homeland. This assumption strengthened the attitudes of those who wished to embrace the American melting pot model. Many of the 1956-ers in the United Sates, however, were also comfortable with the notion of ethnic pride and believed in the shaping of a dual national identity.
Bollywood of India: Geopolitical Texts of Belonging and Difference and Narratives of Mistrust and Suspicion
Authors: Shailo Iqbal 
Published: October 2016

A number of Bollywood films create meaning and geopolitical narratives through dialogue, raw images, settings, costumes and historical contexts. This study examines three contemporary Indian films —Earth (Deepa Mehta, 1998), Lagaan (Ashutosh Gowariker, 2001) and Sarfarosh (John Matthew Matthan, 1999) — that explore sub-continental history with a particular focus on insecurity, mistrust and suspicion. It discusses how socio-cultural and regional differences are (re)produced and how geopolitical meanings of ‘we’ and ‘they’ are narrated and constructed through Bollywood. These films construct an image of identity, belonging and difference, emphasizing that Hindus and Muslims are Indians however some legacies and suffering brought on during the partition of British India are still alive in memories when discrimination and exclusion are practiced in their ancestral homelands.
What do we mean by Impact?
Authors: Perry Jill A. , Imig David G. 
Published: October 2016

A history of change efforts by philanthropic agencies and government organizations directed at graduate schools of education has not produced long-term or sustained changes in their form and function. The Carnegie Project on the Education Doctorate (CPED), however, has been able to demonstrate that external change efforts can result in change in schools of education when bottom-up efforts are combined with top-down support. Such change is an important "impact" of CPED. In this short essay, the CPED Executive Director and Chairman of the Board provide an overview of CPED's impact and then challenge authors and reader to help CPED further extend the definition of impact as it related to all aspects of the Education Doctorate.
Unpacking Digital India: A Feminist Commentary on Policy Agendas in the Digital Moment
Authors: Gurumurthy Anita , Chami Nandini , Thomas Sanjana 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This article is a feminist commentary on India's national digital agenda in the current political context. The analysis pursues three main policy strands—social welfare, democracy, and economic growth, unpacking the meta-narrative of technology, gender, and development that characterizes the particular complexion of authoritarian neoliberalism reconstituting Indian democracy in digital times. The Indian case, the article submits, is reflective of the contemporary digital moment, not only marked by the evisceration of the transformative content of gender politics, but also constitutive of it. Under the circumstances, it is imperative to produce alternative feminist imaginaries of social, political, and economic discourse nationally and globally.
Pre-treatment risk stratification of prostate cancer patients:A critical review
Authors: Rodrigues George , Warde Padraig , Pickles Tom , Crook Juanita , Brundage Michael , Souhami Luis , Lukka Himu 
Published: October 2016

Introduction: The use of accepted prostate cancer risk stratification groups based on prostate-specific antigen, T stage and Gleason score assists in therapeutic treatment decision-making, clinical trial design and outcome reporting. The utility of integrating novel prognostic factors into an updated risk stratification schema is an area of current debate. The purpose of this work is to critically review the available literature on novel pre-treatment prognostic factors and alternative prostate cancer risk stratification schema to assess the feasibility and need for changes to existing risk stratification systems. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted to identify original research publications and review articles on prognostic factors and risk stratification in prostate cancer. Search terms included risk stratification, risk assessment, prostate cancer or neoplasms, and prognostic factors. Abstracted information was assessed to draw conclusions regarding the potential utility of changes to existing risk stratification schema. Results: The critical review identified three specific clinically relevant potential changes to the most commonly used three-group risk stratification system: (1) the creation of a very-low risk category; (2) the splitting of intermediate-risk into a low- and highintermediate risk groups; and (3) the clarification of the interface between intermediate- and high-risk disease. Novel pathological factors regarding high-grade cancer, subtypes of Gleason score 7 and percentage biopsy cores positive were also identified as potentially important risk-stratification factors. Conclusions: Multiple studies of prognostic factors have been performed to create currently utilized prostate cancer risk stratification systems. We propose potential changes to existing systems.
Acute urinary retention due to cystic echinococcosis: A case report
Authors: Izol Volkan , Eken Alper , Aridogan Atilla , Koltas Soner , Tansug, Zuhtu 
Published: October 2016

Urinary hydatidosis is very rare and represents 2% to 4% of all cases of cystic echinococcosis. We present a case of a 21-yearold man with symptoms of frequency, urinary retention and reduced force in urinary stream due to cystic echinococcosis. Anti- Echinococcus granulosus antibodies were determined by echinococcosis western blotting, and pelvic computed tomography revealed a 11 × 14 × 10-cm retrovesical homogeneous cystic mass. The patient underwent surgical intervention; the cystic mass and retrovesical cavity were removed. After a 3-year follow-up period, there was no episode of lower urinary tract symptoms. This case illustrates that cystic echinococcosis should be considered in every case of cystic mass, especially in endemic countries, such as Turkey