bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomic Layer Deposited Al2O3 Film on Si 100 as Buffer Layer for
HfxTi1-xO2 Deposition
Authors: Kueltzo A.L. , Tao Q. , Singh M. , Jursich G. , Takoudis C.G. 
Published: August 2017

Ultra-thin films of Al2O3 were deposited on Si(100) by atomic layer
deposition (ALD) using tris(diethylamino)aluminium (TDEAA) with water vapor
as the oxidizer. It is planned to deposit nano-laminated composite films of
HfxTi1-xO2 on top of this ultra-thin Al2O3 buffer layer using
tetrakis(diethylamino)titanium (TDEAT) and tetrakis(diethylamino)hafnium
(TDEAH). The introduction of the Al2O3 buffer layer will improve the
interfacial quality and help to retain amorphous structure of
HfxTi1-xO2/Al2O3/Si. Discussion of the addition of the new precursor, TDEAA,
to the existing ALD system is discussed along with the optimization of
process parameters for ALD of Al2O3 films. An Al2O3 film growth rate of 1
cycle was achieved in the ALD temperature window of 200-275o C.
Combined Heat & Power's Role in Modern Grid System
Authors: Jiang J. 
Published: August 2017

The 21st century needs a modern grid to meet increasingly higher
standards in grid efficiency, reliability, security, power quality and
environmental impact. Conventional coal-fired power plants, as the major
electricity power house, are being phased out due to more stringent
environmental regulations. However the electricity demand still persists.
Combined heat and power (CHP) as a decentralized power generation system can
support the transition and formation of the modern grid because of its high
efficiency, enhanced system resiliency, improved power quality, reduced cost
and carbon emissions, and its fast response complimentary to intermittent
renewable energy. A case study was incorporated to demonstrate CHP's
indispensable role in a modern grid configuration.
Leo J. Postman: Master Experimentalist
Authors: Nairne James S. , Coverdale Michelle E. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Leo J. Postman was an internationally recognized experimental psychologist whose work after World War II helped frame the modern empirical study of perception, memory, and other psychological processes. Postman was important to The American Journal of Psychology, serving as a frequent contributor, and the journal remained important to him throughout his career; in fact, he ended his research career as its co-editor. In this article, we briefly review some of his contributions to the journal and try to identify the consistent themes that defined his work. His views and his choice of topics tracked the significant theoretical issues of his time and remain a model of theoretical and empirical rigor.
Breaking Into the Mind: George A. Miller’s Early Work in the American Journal of Psychology
Authors: Raymond William D. , Healy Alice F. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Reviewed here are the 9 scholarly articles written by George A. Miller for The American Journal of Psychology (AJP), all dated from 1944 to 1958. These articles include studies on discrimination, temporal judgments, auditory patterns, operant conditioning, animal behavior, verbal recall, and language structure. There are empirical and theoretical investigations and investigations combining both experiments and theory. Despite their breadth and the variety of subjects and procedures, all of the Miller studies in AJP can be viewed as following with behaviorist traditions rather than dealing with more complex cognition. During this time Miller’s view of psychology was changing; these studies, with their inventive methods, can also be seen as initial attempts to break into the mind, or to uncover and understand cognitive processes, in a way that had been discouraged by behaviorist traditions. The studies all also point to the need to consider the immediate contexts and long-term histories of the observer’s experiences, which implicate the broader statistical learning mechanism that is now considered to underlie human learning. The AJP articles reviewed here foreshadow the wide-ranging and profound influence Miller had on psychology and related fields of study. Miller has been described as a founder or pioneer of a number of fields, including psycholinguistics, mathematical psychology, applied psychology, cognitive science, and computational approaches to linguistic analysis. Because of his huge impact on so many areas and his eagerness to communicate psychology’s importance to others, Miller can be considered an ambassador of psychology to a wider audience.
Interference Effects, Age, and the Spacing Benefit
Authors: MacLean Ashleigh C. , Bell Matthew C. , Simone Patricia M. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Improving memory is a high priority for many. One strategy that reliably improves long-term memory is spacing of learning. Using a within-subject cued recall task, we compared recall of 50 weakly associated word pairs in older (55–89 years) and younger (18–22 years) adults across 3 different spaced trials with constant temporal gaps but of varying types of interference (related, unrelated, none). Two control conditions were also included (massed- and single-presentation word pairs). We measured recall performance after a brief delay. During training, recall was lowest for the words in the related interference condition with the remaining groups statistically equal, and younger adults showed better overall performance compared with older adults. At test, both groups showed comparable spacing benefits (with no performance differences between interference conditions), and older adults’ performance equaled that of younger adults. It appears that delay, and not type of interference during the delay, was critical to the spacing benefit.
The Appraisal Similarity Effect: How Social Appraisals Influence Liking
Authors: Ng Jomel W. X. , Tong Eddie M. W. , Kwek Sher Ling 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The effects of appraisals on interpersonal relationships have rarely been studied. Three experiments examined how empathic social appraisal could influence liking. We tested for the appraisal similarity effect in which perceived similarity in appraisals boosts liking. In Experiment 1, perception of appraisal similarity led participants to express liking by disclosing personal contact information. This effect was replicated with a self-report measure of liking in Experiments 2 and 3. By independently manipulating attitude similarity, the appraisal similarity effect was deactivated under perceived attitude dissimilarity. Likewise, the robust attitude similarity effect was invalidated under perceived appraisal dissimilarity. In Experiment 3, perception of validated personal beliefs mediated the appraisal similarity effect, and this mediation effect was deactivated under perceived attitude dissimilarity in a moderated mediation scenario.
Psychometric properties from a Spanish validation of Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ)
Authors: Linares Leticia , Herrero-Fernández David , Iriarte Leire , Estévez Ana 
Published: August 2017

Introduction: This study assessed the psychometric prop­erties of the Spanish translation of the Depressive Expe­riences Questionnaire (DEQ). This questionnaire measures two different personality dimensions vulnera­ble to two different subtypes of depression, anaclitic de­pression and introjective depression, respectively. Ob­jectives: The aims of this study are to assess the psy­chometric properties of Spanish translation of Depres­sive Experiences Questionnaire and its relationship with at­tachment styles. Method: The sample (N = 416) con­sisted of undergraduate students with a mean of 27.63 (ST = 10.98) years old. The administration was collec­tive and taken under the supervision of the researcher. Results: The results showed good internal consistency, similar to that of other studies. The findings showed sig­nificant re­lationships with other instruments measuring depressive symptomatology and confirmed the hypothe­sis of a rela­tionship between the DEQ and attachment style. Conclu­sion: The Spanish version of the DEQ could be an in­strument for distinguishing the types of personality vul­nerability to different expressions of de­pression in the Spanish population.
Percepción de los deportistas sobre el estilo de liderazgo de los entrenadores y la tendencia a cooperar en equipos competitivos
Authors: Lameiras João , Martins Bruno , Lopes-De-Almeida Pedro , García-Mas Alexandre 
Published: August 2017

ResumenEl propósito del presente estudio fue descubrir las rela­ciones entre los comportamientos del entrenador percibi­dos por los deportistas durante el entrenamiento y la competición y la cooperación a través de la red baye­siana. Los deportistas masculinos profesionales de varios deportes de equipo (N = 158) completaron la versión portuguesa de la Escala de Liderazgo para el Deporte y el Cuestionario de Cooperación Deportiva para evaluar la cooperación. Se identificaron relaciones entre los comportamientos percibidos del entrenador en entornos de entrenamiento y competición y la tendencia de los atletas a cooperar. En general, los hallazgos apoyan que, en el deporte, los comportamientos del entrenador con­gruentes con las necesidades individuales de los atletas y adaptados a las demandas situacionales pueden promo­ver el comportamiento prosocial. AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to discover the relationships between athletes’ perceived coach behaviors during training and competition, and cooperation via Bayesian network (BN). Professional male atheletes from several team sports (N = 158) completed the Portuguese version of the Leadership Scale for Sport and the Questionário de Cooperação Desportiva to assess cooperation. Relationships were identified between perceived coach behaviors in training and competition environments and with athletes tendency to cooperate. Overall, the findings support that in sports, coaching behaviours congruent with the athletes’ individual needs and adapted to the situational demands may promote prosocial behaviour.
Valoración de la percepción subjetiva de la fatiga en motoristas de competición Rally-Raid Dakar
Authors: Gil-Moreno-De-Mora Gonzalo , Palmi Guerrero Joan , Prat-Subirana Joan Antoni 
Published: August 2017

ResumenLos deportistas que participan en el Rally-raid Dakar deben mostrar su competencia para dar respuesta a un esfuerzo de larga duración en el que intervienen factores limitantes de carácter psicológico y fisiológico por la fatiga acumulada durante el esfuerzo. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la idoneidad de diferentes instrumentos de evaluación de la percepción de fatiga de motoristas en competición. El diseño de investigación es de caso único, con un participante (motorista). El estudio consistió en la realización de dos sesiones de entrenamiento que se desarrollaron en un circuito simulando las condiciones de distancia y dificultad propias de una etapa. Los instrumentos de registro fueron el cuestionario POMS (McNair, Lorr y Droppleman, 1971), la escala RPE-Borg (Borg, 1982), para el registro de la percepción del esfuerzo realizado y las escalas EVA-fatiga (Lee, Hicks y Nino, 1991) y SEES (McAuley y Courneya, 1994) para valorar la percepción de fatiga. En el apartado de resultados y discusión, se analizan los datos obtenidos, estableciendo diversas conclusiones en relación al objetivo planteado; viendo que el cuestionario POMS resultó válido y sensible, las escalas EVA-fatiga, RPE y SEES-fatiga cumplieron los requisitos de facilidad de uso, validez y sensibilidad al trabajo efectuado. AbstractAthletes participating in the Rally-raid Dakar must show their competence to respond to a long-term effort in­volving psychological and physiological limiting factors due to the accumulated fatigue during the effort. The objective of this research was to analyze the suitability of different instruments to evaluate the fatigue perception of motorcyclists in competition. The research design is single case, with one participant (motorcyclist). The study consisted of two training sessions that were devel­oped in a circuit simulating the conditions of distance and difficulty of a stage. The instruments were the POMS questionnaire (McNair et al., 1971), the RPE-Borg scale (Borg, 1982) for the re­cording of perceived effort, VAS-fatigue scale (Lee et al., 1991), and SEES (McAuley & Cour­neya, 1994) for assessing the fatigue perception. In the results and discussion section, we analyze the data ob­tained, establishing different conclusions in relation to the objective set. The POMS questionnaire was valid and sensitive, the VAS-fatigue, RPE and SEES-fatigue scales met the ease of use, validity and sensitivity requirements to the study performed.
Assessing the utility of urinary and fecal cortisol as an indicator of stress in golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana)
Authors: Chen Haochun , Yao Hui , Yang Wanji , Fan Penglai , Xiang Zuofu 
Published: August 2017

Cortisol concentration (CC) is often used as a stress indicator in animals, as high CC is associated with elevated stress levels. During field research, non-invasive methods of measuring CC, such as collection of urine and feces, are superior to using blood samples when monitoring free-ranging animals’ stress levels. However, due to different metabolic pathways, whether CC can be detected in urine and feces to reliably assess stress varies across species. Therefore, it is important to ascertain whether urine and fecal samples are a reliable source for determining CCs and to determine a suitable sampling regime. In this study, we subjected three captive adult golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) to a high-stress situation (capture and injection). Urine and feces were collected for four days before and for four days after the manipulations for laboratory analysis. Immunoreactive CC was detected with a commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit and showed distinct rises. Peak CC values in urine were detected within 5 h, while peak fecal CC ranged between 5 and 24 hours post-interference. These results provide evidence that CC in urine and feces can be used to assess stress levels in the golden snub-nosed monkey. The optimal time frame to collect urinary and fecal samples for CC analysis is within one day of a potential stressful event.
Crustal thickness and Poisson's ratio in southwest China based on data from dense seismic arrays
Authors: Wang Weilai , Wu Jianping , Fang Lihua , Lai Guijuan , Cai Yan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCrustal thickness and Poisson's ratio are important parameters to characterize regional isostasy state and material composition or state. Using the teleseismic waveform data from 141 permanent stations and 785 temporary stations in southwest China, we obtain the crustal thickness and average Poisson's ratio by theH‐κstacking of receiver functions. In the west (the SE Tibetan Plateau and the Yunnan‐Burma‐Thailand block) and southeast (the Cathaysian block and southern Yangtze craton) of the study region, there are high correlation coefficients for the crustal thicknesses between what we obtain from the receiver functions and what we calculate from the Airy isostasy model, indicating that a state of isostasy can be achieved at the crust‐mantle boundary beneath these two regions. In the northeast (northern Yangtze craton), the correlation coefficient is lower, indicating that the effect of the lithosphere needs to be considered for a regional isostasy. Intermediate Poisson's ratios (0.26 ≤ σ ≤ 0.28) are found beneath the northern Panzhihua‐Emeishan region. Combing the high‐velocity features from previous study, we speculate that it may be related to the Emeishan large igneous province. High Poisson's ratios (σ > 0.28) are found beneath the SE Tibetan Plateau and the nearby strike‐slip faults, such as the Anninghe‐Zemuhe fault and the northern Xiaojiang fault. Combing the low‐velocity zones from previous study, we speculate that there may be partially melted and lower crustal flow.
A case study of convectively sourced water vapor observed in the overworld stratosphere over the United States
Authors: Smith Jessica B. , Wilmouth David M. , Bedka Kristopher M. , Bowman Kenneth P. , Homeyer Cameron R. , Dykema John A. , Sargent Maryann R. , Clapp Corey E. , Leroy Stephen S. , Sayres David S. , Dean‐Day Jonathan M. , Paul Bui T. , Anderson James G. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractOn 27 August 2013, during the Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys field mission, NASA's ER‐2 research aircraft encountered a region of enhanced water vapor, extending over a depth of approximately 2 km and a minimum areal extent of 20,000 km2 in the stratosphere (375 K to 415 K potential temperature), south of the Great Lakes (42°N, 90°W). Water vapor mixing ratios in this plume, measured by the Harvard Water Vapor instrument, constitute the highest values recorded in situ at these potential temperatures and latitudes. An analysis of geostationary satellite imagery in combination with trajectory calculations links this water vapor enhancement to its source, a deep tropopause‐penetrating convective storm system that developed over Minnesota 20 h prior to the aircraft plume encounter. High resolution, ground‐based radar data reveal that this system was composed of multiple individual storms, each with convective turrets that extended to a maximum of ~4 km above the tropopause level for several hours. In situ water vapor data show that this storm system irreversibly delivered between 6.6 kt and 13.5 kt of water to the stratosphere. This constitutes a 20–25% increase in water vapor abundance in a column extending from 115 hP to 70 hPa over the plume area. Both in situ and satellite climatologies show a high frequency of localized water vapor enhancements over the central U.S. in summer, suggesting that deep convection can contribute to the stratospheric water budget over this region and season.
Rapid northward shift of the Indian Monsoon on the Tibetan Plateau at the end of the Little Ice Age
Authors: Zhang Xiaolong , Xu Baiqing , Günther Franziska , Witt Roman , Wang Mo , Xie Ying , Zhao Huabiao , Li Jiule , Gleixner Gerd 
Published: August 2017

AbstractVariations in the Indian Monsoon (IM) and Westerlies (WS) significantly affect the climate on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and have widespread ecological and socioeconomic impacts on the whole of Asian society. So far, however, the rate and magnitude of changes in the IM have still remained unclear. Here we report for the first time that the IM rapidly shifted northward at the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA). We used sediment proxies for humidity and moisture sources from the Taro Co Lake, which is located in the transition zone between the WS and IM. Our comprehensive survey of climate records for the TP and its peripheral mountain ranges revealed that the northern boundary of the IM (i.e., the southern boundary of the WS) lay along the southern slope of the Gandise Range (~29.5°N) in the late LIA. In contrast, it passed quickly over the Gandise Range by at least 1.5° in latitude at the end of the LIA. Our results suggest that this rapid climatic shift was potentially triggered by the counteracting effects of blocking by the TP and its marginal orography, which hindered the northward movement of the IM, and the pulling thermal gradient of the TP.
The environment of aggregated deep convection
Authors: Tsai Wei‐Ming , Wu Chien‐Ming 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this study, the environment of aggregated deep convection is investigated using a vector vorticity equation cloud‐resolving model (VVM). Idealized experiments are performed under various environmental moisture with or without imposed vertical wind shear. Convective aggregation is then evaluated through diagnosing the 3‐D size of an individual cloud from the model output using a six‐connected segmentation method. The aggregated convection is recognized by a distinct mode with larger size in the cloud‐size distribution. The results suggest that aggregated convection tends to develop when column relative humidity (CRH) is larger than 80% (67%) in nonshear (shear) cases. In addition, the degree of aggregation further increases with the increase of CRH. This aggregation process may be caused by an increasing probability of multicellular cloud structure under a moister environment. The results also suggest that there are at least five convective cores of such system. Analyses of precipitation distribution suggest that the most extreme instantaneous grid point precipitation mainly occurs within the largest convective clusters.
Towards seamless large‐domain parameter estimation for hydrologic models
Authors: Mizukami Naoki , Clark Martyn P. , Newman Andrew J. , Wood Andrew W. , Gutmann Ethan D. , Nijssen Bart , Rakovec Oldrich , Samaniego Luis 
Published: August 2017

AbstractEstimating spatially distributed parameters remains one of the biggest challenges for large‐domain hydrologic modeling. Many large‐domain modeling efforts rely on spatially inconsistent parameter fields, e.g., patchwork patterns resulting from individual basin calibrations, parameter fields generated through default transfer functions that relate geophysical attributes to model parameters, or spatially constant, default parameter values. This paper provides an initial assessment of a multiscale parameter regionalization (MPR) method over large geographical domains to derive seamless parameters in a spatially consistent manner. MPR applies transfer functions at the native scale of the geophysical data, and then scales these model parameters to the desired model resolution. We developed a stand‐alone framework called MPR‐flex for multimodel use and applied MPR‐flex to the variable infiltration capacity model to produce hydrologic simulations over the contiguous United States (CONUS). We first independently calibrate 531 basins across CONUS to obtain a performance benchmark for each basin. To derive the CONUS parameter fields, we perform a joint MPR calibration using all but the poorest behaved basins to obtain a single set of transfer function parameters that are applied to the entire CONUS. Results show that CONUS‐wide calibration has similar performance compared to previous simulations using a patchwork quilt of partially calibrated parameter sets, but without the spatial discontinuities in parameters that characterize some previous CONUS‐domain model simulations. Several avenues to improve CONUS‐wide calibration remain, including selection of calibration basins, objective function formulation, as well as MPR‐flex improvements including transfer function formulations and scaling operator optimization.
A stable computation of log‐derivatives from noisy drawdown data
Authors: Ramos Gustavo , Carrera Jesus , Gómez Susana , Minutti Carlos , Camacho Rodolfo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPumping tests interpretation is an art that involves dealing with noise coming from multiple sources and conceptual model uncertainty. Interpretation is greatly helped by diagnostic plots, which include drawdown data and their derivative with respect to log‐time, called log‐derivative. Log‐derivatives are especially useful to complement geological understanding in helping to identify the underlying model of fluid flow because they are sensitive to subtle variations in the response to pumping of aquifers and oil reservoirs. The main problem with their use lies in the calculation of the log‐derivatives themselves, which may display fluctuations when data are noisy. To overcome this difficulty, we propose a variational regularization approach based on the minimization of a functional consisting of two terms: one ensuring that the computed log‐derivatives honor measurements and one that penalizes fluctuations. The minimization leads to a diffusion‐like differential equation in the log‐derivatives, and boundary conditions that are appropriate for well hydraulics (i.e., radial flow, wellbore storage, fractal behavior, etc.). We have solved this equation by finite differences. We tested the methodology on two synthetic examples showing that a robust solution is obtained. We also report the resulting log‐derivative for a real case.