bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Política de dividendos no Brasil: uma análise na reação do mercado a anúncios de distribuição de proventos
Authors: Melo Flávio José de , Fonseca Marcos Wagner da 
Published: July 2017

A política de dividendos no Brasil tem sido objeto de vários estudos na área de finanças. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a reação do mercado à evidenciação de distribuição de proventos, por meio de anúncios de fatos relevantes em empresas que têm ações negociadas na BM&FBovespa. A metodologia utilizada foi Estudo de Evento, sendo que a amostra é composta por 27 eventos de empresas com anúncios e são apresentadas as 54 empresas que distribuíram lucros sem anúncios. As evidências obtidas por meio dos testes estatísticos confirmaram presença de retornos anormais positivos e negativos: 48% para as empresas com anúncios, e 44% sem anúncios. Isso demonstrou que o fato de divulgar ou não anúncios de fatos relevantes não impactou de forma significativa os resultados das empresas. Constatou-se que, após a evidenciação, ocorreu uma propensão para que as variações positivas fossem maiores que as negativas, evidências que contradizem os pressupostos de Hipótese de Eficiência de Mercados.
Managing expatriates: analyzing the experience of an internationalized Brazilian Company
Authors: Meyer Bernardo , Meyer Jr Victor , Vieira da Silva Kamila , Brandão Larissa Mallmann Fernandes Almeida 
Published: July 2017

The management of expatriate employees is an important topic in the field of international business. Most of the studies on expatriation management are based on the experience of North American and Western European corporations. Few studies focus on corporations from developing countries. The purpose of this study was to examine, in the cultural dimension, how expatriates were managed by a Brazilian multinational corporation. This is a single case study based on qualitative research. The focus was a Brazilian telecommunications company operating in China. The research investigated the preparedness of expatriates prior to departure and the kinds of difficulties they faced in daily life abroad. The analysis revealed that the lack of preparation of expatriates before departure was an important barrier to overcome in order to achieve better performance. The findings indicated that psychic distance was the key factor responsible for major problems facing expatriate workers. The contribution of the study is that it shows how a Brazilian corporation addressed the challenges of managing its expatriates in China.
Critical Discourse Analysis on Medan Local Newspapers’ Editorial
Authors: Tampubolon Sahlan , Saragih Amrin , Setia Eddy , Nurlela Nurlela 
Published: July 2017

The aim of this paper is to explore how critical discourse analysis is realized in editorial local newspaper in Medan, Indonesia. The analysis was grounded based on Norman Fairclough’s assumption on critical discourse analysis that discussed three dimensions of analysis, such as micro analysis, macro analysis and meso analysis The data collected were the editorials of Medan local newspaper between June untill December 2012, they are the editorials of Analisa, Andalas, Medan Bisnis, Orbit, Sinar Indonesia Baru (SIB), Waspada that observed three major topic of discussions like topic on politics, state officials, and social phenomena. Findings are in micro analysis includes language use such as the realization of genre, passive voice, collective noun and naming individual, in macro-analysis shows that the editorials position to control the government’s attitude due to social phenomenon, and in meso analysis are the editorial’s role in giving his thought. These findings shows that the Medan local newspaper have just enjoyed for free press in delivering the news
External Validation of the American Heart Association PREVENT Cardiovascular Disease Risk Equations
Authors: Scheuermann Britton , Brown Alexandra , Colburn Trenton , Hakeem Hisham , Chow Chen Hoe , Ade Carl 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceThe American Heart Association’s Predicting Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Events (PREVENT) equations were developed to extend and improve on previous cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessments for the purpose of treatment initiation and patient-clinician communication.ObjectiveTo assess prognostic capabilities, calibration, and discrimination of the PREVENT equations in a study sample representative of the noninstitutionalized, US general population.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prognostic study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999 to 2010 data cycles. Participants included adults for whom 10-year follow-up data were available. Data curation and analyses took place from December 2023 through May 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary measures were risk estimated by the PREVENT equations, as well as risk estimates from the previous Pooled Cohort Equations (PCEs). The primary outcome was composite CVD-related mortality at 10 years of follow-up. Additional analyses compared the PREVENT equations against the PCEs. Model discrimination was assessed with receiver-operator characteristic curves and Harrell C statistic from proportional hazard regression; model calibration was determined as the slope of predicted versus observed risk.ResultsThe study cohort, accounting for NHANES complex survey design, consisted of 172.9 million participants (mean age, 45.0 years [95% CI, 44.6-45.4 years]; 52.1% women [95% CI, 51.5%-52.6%]). In analyses adjusted for the NHANES survey design, a 1% increase in PREVENT risk estimates was statistically significantly associated with increased CVD mortality risk (hazard ratio, 1.090; 95% CI, 1.087-1.094). PREVENT risk scores demonstrated excellent discrimination (C statistic, 0.890; 95% CI, 0.881-0.898) but moderate underfitting of the model (calibration slope, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.06-1.21). PREVENT risk models performed statistically significantly better than the PCEs, as assessed by the net reclassification index (0.093; 95% CI, 0.073-0.115).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this prognostic study of the PREVENT equations, PREVENT risk estimates demonstrated excellent discrimination and only modest discrepancies in calibration. These findings provided evidence supporting utilization of the PREVENT equations for application in the intended population as suggested by the American Heart Association.
Neurologic Recovery at Discharge and Long-Term Survival After Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Dillenbeck Emelie , Svensson Leif , Rawshani Araz , Hollenberg Jacob , Ringh Mattias , Claesson Andreas , Awad Akil , Jonsson Martin , Nordberg Per 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceBrain injury is the leading cause of death following cardiac arrest and is associated with severe neurologic disabilities among survivors, with profound implications for patients and their families, as well as broader societal impacts. How these disabilities affect long-term survival is largely unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate whether complete neurologic recovery at hospital discharge after cardiac arrest is associated with better long-term survival compared with moderate or severe neurologic disabilities.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used data from 4 mandatory national registers with structured and predefined data collection and nationwide coverage during a 10-year period in Sweden. Participants included adults who survived in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) or out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) beyond 30 days and who underwent predefined neurologic assessment conducted by health care professionals at hospital discharge using the Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) scale between January 2010 and December 2019. Patients were divided into 3 categories: complete recovery (CPC 1), moderate disabilities (CPC 2), and severe disabilities (CPC 3-4). Statistical analyses were performed in December 2023.ExposureCPC score at hospital discharge.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was long-term survival among patients with CPC 1 compared with those with CPC 2 or CPC 3 or 4.ResultsA total of 9390 cardiac arrest survivors (median [IQR] age, 69 .0 [58.0-77.0] years; 6544 [69.7%] male) were included. The distribution of functional neurologic outcomes at discharge was 7374 patients (78.5%) with CPC 1, 1358 patients (14.5%) with CPC 2, and 658 patients (7.0%) with CPC 3 or 4. Survival proportions at 5 years were 73.8% (95% CI, 72.5%-75.0%) for patients with CPC 1, compared with 64.7% (95% CI, 62.4%-67.0%) for patients with CPC 2 and 54.2% (95% CI, 50.6%-57.8%) for patients with CPC 3 or 4. Compared with patients with CPC 1, there was significantly higher hazard of death for patients with CPC 2 (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.57 [95% CI, 1.40-1.75]) or CPC 3 or 4 (aHR, 2.46 [95% CI, 2.13-2.85]). Similar associations were seen in the OHCA and IHCA groups.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of patients with cardiac arrest who survived beyond 30 days, complete neurologic recovery, defined as CPC 1 at discharge, was associated with better long-term survival compared with neurologic disabilities at the same time point.
Thyroid Cancer Incidence During 2020 to 2021 COVID-19 Variant Waves
Authors: Bell Rebecca , Weinberger Daniel M. , Venkatesh Manasa , Fernandes-Taylor Sara , Francis David O. , Davies Louise 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceHow rates of thyroid cancer diagnosis were affected by the emergence of COVID-19 variants during the 2020 to 2021 era of the pandemic has not been described.ObjectiveTo estimate the total number of undiagnosed cases of thyroid cancer, by histologic type, during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020 and 2021) by comparing observed to expected incidence and to test for changes in size of cancer at incidence during the same period compared to prior years.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis longitudinal study analyzed trends in thyroid cancer diagnoses from 2016 to 2021 among US adults using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 22 (SEER-22) program database. Data analyses were performed in April to May 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAge-adjusted incidence rate per 100 000 US adults, changes in incidence, estimated number of undiagnosed cases, and mean cancer size.ResultsAbsolute rates of overall thyroid cancer incidence in the first quarter of 2016 and of 2019 were 21.0 and 18.8 per 100 000, respectively. From 2020 through 2021, the quarterly rates were 17.3, 11.1, 17.2, 17.9, 17.4, 19.0, 17.1, and 17.3 per 100 000, respectively. The observed incidence of thyroid cancers decreased by 11% for papillary cancers 2 cm or smaller (risk ratio [RR], 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83-0.95), 14% for papillary cancers larger than 2 cm (RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.79-0.93), 8% for follicular cancers (RR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.82-0.92), 10% for medullary cancers (RR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.78-1.04), and 15% for anaplastic cancers (RR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.68-1.07) from March 2020 to December 2021. Oncocytic cancers declined in incidence early in the pandemic, but rates returned to baseline or above through 2021 (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.97-1.37). Extrapolated to the general US population, the total estimated number of thyroid cancer cases not diagnosed (expected minus observed) from March 2020 to December 2021 was approximately 10 200: 5400 papillary cancers 2 cm or smaller (95% CI, 2380-8530), 3700 papillary cancers larger than 2 cm (95% CI, 1660-5810), 600 follicular cancers (95% CI, −260 to 1550), 300 medullary cancers (95% CI, −110 to 720), and 190 anaplastic cancers (95% CI, −75 to 530). Mean size at diagnosis did not change significantly between 2016 and 2021 for any histologic type.Conclusions and RelevanceThis longitudinal study found that by the end of 2021, many thyroid cancers remained undiagnosed. These were predominantly small papillary cancers but also affected all histologic types except oncocytic. These deficits in diagnosis could produce a temporary increase in the rate of patients presenting with larger or more advanced stage cancers in the future, and consequently, temporary increases in population morbidity and mortality.
Robust State‐Feedback Controller of Uncertain Systems Based on Non‐Monotonic Approach
Authors: El Fadili Yattou , Boukili Bensalem , N'Diaye Mouctar , Boumhidi Ismail 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn this article, new linear matrix inequality (LMI) conditions are proposed to guarantee robust stability of the closed‐loop of the linear time‐invariant one‐dimensional uncertain system by dealing with both continuous‐time (CT) and discrete‐time (DT) cases. These improved conditions for robust state feedback control combine the non‐monotonic approach and Finsler's technique. The benefit of the non‐monotonic approach returns to the utility of an arbitrary number of quadratic functions by considering the higher order derivatives of the vector field in the CT case (or the higher order differences of the vector field in the DT case). Finsler's technique aims to solve the closed‐loop stability problem in a larger parametric space. The strong points of the suggested LMI conditions are easy to program, eliminate the product between the state matrix and Lyapunov matrices, reduce the constraints by avoiding the decrease monotonically along trajectories for each quadratic Lyapunov function, guarantee the robust stability of the closed‐loop by using a state‐feedback gain. The simulation results show and confirm the effectiveness of these proposed conditions.
Enhanced Nonlinear Optical Responses in MoS2 via Femtosecond Laser‐Induced Defect‐Engineering
Authors: Akkanen Suvi‐Tuuli M. , Arias‐Muñoz Juan C. , Emelianov Aleksei V. , Mentel Kamila K. , Tammela Juhani V. , Partanen Mikko , Das Susobhan , Faisal Ahmed , Pettersson Mika , Sun Zhipei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract2D materials are a promising platform for applications in many fields as they possess a plethora of useful properties that can be further optimized by careful engineering, for example, by defect introduction. While reliable high‐yield defect engineering methods are in demand, most current technologies are expensive, harsh, or non‐deterministic. Optical modification methods offer a cost‐effective and fast mechanism to engineer the properties of 2D materials at any step of the device fabrication process. In this paper, the nonlinear optical responses of mono‐, bi‐, and trilayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) flakes are enhanced by deterministic defect‐engineering with a femtosecond laser. A 50‐fold enhancement in the third harmonic generation (THG) and a 3.3‐fold increase in the second harmonic generation (SHG) in the optically modified areas is observed. The enhancement is attributed to resonant SHG and THG processes arising from optically introduced mid‐band gap defect states. These results demonstrate a highly controllable, sub‐micrometer resolution tool for enhancing the nonlinear optical responses in 2D materials, paving the way for prospective future applications in optoelectronics, quantum technologies, and energy solutions.
Switching From Negative to Positive Thermal Expansion of Porphyrin‐Based Metal‐Organic Frameworks Through Post‐Metallization
Authors: Liu Zhanning , Cheng Ruihuan , Ma Rui , Xing Chengyong , Tian Jian , Chen Yue , Xing Xianran 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAchieving smart single‐phase materials with switchable thermal expansion is challenging, as most materials undergo volumetric thermal expansion upon heating. Here, it is reported that the porphyrin‐based metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) can show switchable thermal expansion, ranging from negative to positive, by controlling the central metal ions. The pristine compound, along with those functionalized with Ni2+ or FePz2+ (Pz stands for pyrazine) show pronounced negative thermal expansion (NTE), while the FeCl2+ functionalized analogue shows moderate positive thermal expansion (PTE). Detailed molecular dynamic simulations shed light on that the NTE originates from the collective low‐frequency phonon modes, concerning the in‐plane/out‐of‐plane rotations and trampoline‐like vibrations of porphyrin groups. The introduction of FeCl2+ can disrupt the planarity of the porphyrin groups, stiffening the NTE related phonons, thus leading to the PTE. In contrast, the introduction of Ni2+ or FePz2+ groups can maintain the planar structure, thereby preserving the NTE. This study not only provides a molecular‐level understanding of thermal expansion but also opens a pathway for tailoring thermal expansion through post‐synthesis modification of molecular structures.
A Micro Battery Supercapacitor Hybrid Device with Ultrahigh Cycle Lifespan and Power Density Enabled by Bi‐Functional Coating Design
Authors: Ye Fazhi , Yang Wei , Liao Xiaobin , Dong Chenhui , Xu Lin , Mai Liqiang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMicro energy storage devices (MESDs) have emerged as promising energy providers for micro applications due to their integrated performance. However, the limited cycle life and low power density of microbattery, and low energy density of microsupercapacitor have consistently impeded their broader practical implementation. Herein, to obtain a MESD with a long cycle life, excellent power density, and superior energy density, a novel micro battery‐supercapacitor hybrid (MBSH) device is fabricated. Two types of 3D microelectrodes are fabricated, namely, a nanowire network anode based on PEDOT‐TiON and a porous cathode based on Ni(OH)2. Benefiting from the unique hydrophobic characteristics of the PEDOT layer, high electrical conductivity of TiON, and high conductivity, and abundant ion diffusion channels of network microstructure, PEDOT‐TiON NW microelectrodes demonstrate exceptional cycling stability by retaining 70% of their capacity after 40 000 cycles. The achieved MBSH exhibits an extended voltage window ranging from 0 to 1.9 V, impressive power density of 77.5 mW cm−2, and a superior energy density of 55.6 µWh cm−2. Furthermore, it maintains a remarkable capacity retention rate of 71.6% even after undergoing 30 000 cycles. This innovative design paves the way for the developing of high‐performance microdevices with superior electrochemical properties.
Human Memory‐Inspired MoS2/BST Ferroelectric Phototransistor with Synchronous Sensory, Short‐Term and Long‐Term Memories
Authors: Tan Chao , Wu Haijuan , Lin Zhicheng , Liu Jinxiu , Yang Lei , Gao Libin , Wang Zegao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe collaborative working mode of different memory patterns–sensory, short‐term, and long‐term memories–in the human brain is significantly efficient and economical. This work reproduces the three memory patterns synchronously with the retention of 60 s, 30 min, and 18 h, respectively, on a Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 ferroelectric MoS2 phototransistor, showing the potential of vision perceptual‐like in‐memory sensing and computing ability. It also can be programmed to function as an optical multiply and accumulate (MAC) operator, in‐memory Boolean logic gates, and optical‐electrical cooperative synapses used for artificial neural network (ANN) pattern recognition. In addition, the current on/off ratio, subthreshold swing, and carrier mobility of the device is observed to reach 105, 72 mV dec−1 and 31 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively. Also, its photodetection range can be extended from visible to near‐infrared by gate tuning. The responsivity and specific detectivity at 400 nm wavelength are 171452 A W−1 and 1.3 × 1014 Jones, respectively, while that at 1100 nm are 605 A W−1 and 3.2 × 1011 Jones, respectively. This work demonstrates that the ferroelectric phototransistor is capable of photodetection, parallel computing, and synaptic plasticity based on various memory patterns, so as to realize the real in‐memory sensing and computing functionality.
Amorphous Carbon‐Modulated Mg3(Bi,Sb)2 and Electron‐Poor CdSb for Ultralow‐Cost Te‐Free Refrigeration Modules
Authors: Xu Wenlong , Al‐Maythalony Bassem A. , Li Jiao , Li Xiang , Fu Liangwei , Xu Biao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe rapid advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technology and AI microchips has increased the demand for efficient and cost‐effective cooling solutions. However, traditional Bi2Te3‐based thermoelectric modules face the challenge of low abundance tellurium (Te). Although Te‐free modules using MgAgSb have been explored, they still suffer from a low price‐to‐performance ratio. To address these issues, this study investigates the development of alternative thermoelectric materials that are both cost‐effective and Te free. In this work, the potential of cost‐effective Te‐free alternatives is explored for thermoelectric applications by developing a high‐performance module composed of amorphous carbon‐modulated Mg3(Bi,Sb)2 and electron‐poor CdSb. The modules of CdSb/Bi2Te3 and CdSb/Mg3(Bi,Sb)2 demonstrate superior refrigeration performance, achieving a maximum temperature difference (ΔTmax) of 49.2 and 46 K, respectively. Notably, the material cost of CdSb/Mg3(Bi,Sb)2 module is only 5.5% of Te‐free modules built on MgAgSb, highlighting a significant economic advantage. This work provides a viable, ultralow‐cost approach to meet general refrigeration needs, thereby enhancing the practical value and application potential of thermoelectric materials.
Fast Li+ De‐Solvation Kinetics with PDDA Intercalated‐Montmorillonite Hybrid Artificial Interface Layer on Cu Substrate for Lithium Metal Batteries in a Wide Climate Temperature
Authors: Shen Yuxi , Gu Jianan , Zhu Zengquan , Zhang Linman , Lv Xiao‐Jun , Li Yueming 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe tolerance requirement of lithium metal batteries in harsh environments presents great challenges to electrode materials and electrolytes because temperature plays a significant effect in electrochemical processes. In this study, a new artificial layer on a copper current collector that boosts the de‐solvation kinetics and provides electrostatic shielding effects is presented to enhance the electrochemical performance of lithium metal batteries. This new artificial layer is constructed with poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDDA) and exfoliated montmorillonite (MMT) nanosheets, which combine the advantages of both inorganic clay and organic polymer. Within this protective hybrid layer, the PDDA cations increase the interlayer spacing of MMT, broadening the diffusion pathways of Li+ and accelerating their fast diffusion. Moreover, the PDDA‐MMT protective layer facilitates Li+ de‐solvation at the interface of the Li anode and electrolyte, enabling the rapid and reversible plating/stripping of lithium metal. As a result, the as‐prepared PDDA‐MMT@Cu anode exhibits excellent stability, and good rate performance is achieved in a commercial electrolyte in the temperature range of −20–60 °C. By combining enhanced diffusion kinetics and electrostatic shielding as an artificial protective layer, this clay‐polymer composite provides a synergistic interaction and offers new inspiration for the development of lithium metal batteries.
Lipase Enzymes for Sustainable Synthesis of Pharmaceuticals and Chiral Organic Building Blocks
Authors: Khanra Moumita , Ravichandiran V. , Swain Sharada Prasanna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBiocatalysis is a green and sustainable process for synthesizing chiral organic building blocks and active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals 2030 advocates using green, sustainable, recyclable chemicals by industries to reduce environmental pollution. Pharmaceutical companies are adopting biocatalysis technologies for manufacturing chiral active pharmaceutical ingredients. The lipase‐catalyzed kinetic and dynamic‐kinetic resolution method is a pharmaceutically accepted process for manufacturing chiral API. This review describes the reported methods for synthesizing chiral API/KSM (Key Starting Material) molecules using lipase enzymes over the last ten years.