bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Drug and Herbal Medicinal Promotions on Social Media During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Relation to World Health Organization Ethical Criteria and South African Health Products Regulatory Authority Guidelines in South Africa: Cross-Sectional Content Analysis
Authors: Chimukuche Rujeko Samanthia , Ndlazi Julia , Mtolo Lucky Thembani , Bird Kristien , Seeley Janet 
Published: September 2024

Background
Consideration of ethics in the promotion of medications is essential to safeguard the health of consumers, particularly during health crises. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAHPRA) have established stringent standards to ensure the integrity of pharmaceutical promotions and safeguard public health, including advertisements on the internet and social media platforms. However, the dynamic nature of online advertising poses challenges for monitoring and enforcing ethical standards.

Objective
The study aimed (1) to examine the COVID-19 drug and medicinal promotions across online platforms and social media from 2020 to 2022 in South Africa and (2) to ensure that drug promotions adhere to ethical guidelines outlined by the WHO and SAPHRA.

Methods
A cross-sectional content analysis was conducted to assess drug and medicinal advertisements across various internet and social media platforms. A systematic approach was used to identify and analyze promotional content, focusing on adherence to ethical guidelines outlined by WHO and SAPHRA. Data were collected and analyzed to determine the extent of compliance and identify any potential violations or areas for improvement.

Results
A total of 14 online drug advertisements were included in this analysis. Our findings show that most of the drugs advertised did not meet the regulations and guidelines provided by WHO and SAHPRA. There were omissions about active ingredients, proprietary names, adverse drug responses, precautions, and overdosage and adverse drug reactions. Traditional medicines were not fully consistent with the approved WHO ethical criteria data sheet.

Conclusions
Our analysis highlights the critical importance of ensuring compliance with ethical guidelines in drug promotions on the internet and social media platforms. There is a need for continued vigilance and enforcement efforts to uphold ethical standards and protect the health of the public. Ongoing monitoring and collaboration between national drug regulatory agencies, pharmaceutical companies, and online platforms will be essential for promoting responsible advertising. In addition, safety monitoring and pharmacovigilance systems for herbal medicinal products are yet to be established.
A Randomized, Noninferiority, Comparative Evaluation of Vascular Securement Devices: Cost and Clinical Analysis
Authors: Simmons Colby G. , Williams Jason D. , Kheirandish Azin , Kaizer Alexander M. , Brainard Jason C. 
Published: September 2024

Highlights

Abstract

Background:
Peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) are a near universal element of modern medicine with nearly 2 billion PIVCs placed annually worldwide. Virtually all PIVC complications are related to stabilization. Recent innovations in dressings and securement have sought to minimize these complications; however, evidence is lacking in determining superiority of devices and selecting one product over another. In this quality assurance evaluation, we attempted to select a more cost-effective and optimal product for use in our large, tertiary-referral academic institution.

Methods:
A randomized, noninferiority, comparative evaluation was undertaken to compare an integrated securement device (ISD) new to our institution to our institution’s current standard adhesive securement device (ASD). Patients were selected for randomization based on likelihood of a &gt;5-day postoperative inpatient stay, allowing for prolonged daily follow up and survey of both patients and nurses.

Results:
Results showed that the ISD outperformed the ASD in terms of efficiency of application, adhesive quality, stability, overall satisfaction, and patient comfort. Additionally, the ISD demonstrated a lower rate of complications than the ASD. Cost analysis revealed that the ISD was 28% less expensive than the ASD, resulting in significant cost savings and fewer venipunctures.

Conclusion:
Intravenous catheter placement is the most common procedure performed annually in hospitalized patients. Given the large volume of PIVC insertions each year and associated costs, combined with the frequency of complications, it is imperative to identify a more adequate and cost-effective device. Our quality improvement project, at a high-volume, tertiary care referral center, provides the groundwork for similar studies at other institutions and supports a more cost-effective and potentially safe delivery.
Regional use of extracellular microvesicles of mesenchymal stromal cells in acute necrotizing pancreatitis in an experiment
Authors: Kudelich O. A. , Kondratenko G. G. , Potapnev M. P. , Klimenkova O. V. , Goncharova N. V. 
Published: September 2024

Background. The significance of the problem of treatment of acute pancreatitis is due to an increase in the incidence with an increase in the number of necrotizing forms, accompanied by a high incidence of severe complications and high mortality.Objective. To identify the impact of regionally used extracellular microvesicles of mesenchymal stromal cells on the endogenous intoxication markers in acute necrotizing pancreatitis in the experiment.Material and methods. Acute pancreatitis was induced by the introduction of a 0.3 ml of 5% solution of non-ionic polyethylene glycol octylphenol ether detergent into the caudal part of the rat pancreas. The study was conducted on 42 adult Wistar rats, which were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group I (n=6) included intact animals, Group II (control group) (n=12) included rats with pancreatitis without treatment, Group III (n=12) consisted of rats with pancreatitis treated with analgesia + infusions of 0.9% sodium chloride solution (saline), Group IV (n=12) included rats with pancreatitis treated with analgesia+ saline infusions + regional application of extracellular microvesicles of mesenchymal stromal cells. Cells were obtained from the bone marrow of healthy animals. Microvesicles were obtained by differential centrifugation under sterile conditions. Microvesicles were administered one day after the pancreatitis induction through the catheter installed into the pathologically altered part of the pancreas. The dose of microvesicles was calculated as equivalent to (derived from) 1 million mesenchymal stromal cells. The hematological parameters, markers of the systemic manifestation of the pathological process (alpha-amylase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase), the endogenous intoxication markers (lipid peroxidation activity, nitric oxide level), the systemic inflammatory response markers (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6) were studied on the 3rd and 7th day from the start of disease modeling.Results. Regional use of extracellular microvesicles of mesenchymal stromal cells in the treatment of acute experimental necrotizing pancreatitis at an early stage helped to normalize the level of blood platelets, reduce enzymeemia, elements of endogenous intoxication (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha), and the nitric oxide level.Conclusion. The early application of extracellular microvesicles of mesenchymal stromal cells in the treatment of acute necrotizing pancreatitis in an experiment has a positive effect on parameters, which are key links of pathogenesis and leading markers of this disease severity.
Specific features of anesthesia management in a patient with a transplanted heart
Authors: Yamshchikov O. N. , Zakurnaeva E. I. , Marchenko A. P. , Yemelyanov S. A. , Patronov M. A. , Marchenko N. A. 
Published: September 2024

Background. The number of heart transplant patients makes 1 per 100,000 in the Russian Federation, 1.2 per 100,000 population in the Tambov Region. The medical community is poorly informed about the specific features of managing such patients during non-cardiac surgical interventions. The article presents a case report of the management of a patient with a transplanted heart undergoing surgery for acute appendicitis. Preoperative preparation, anesthesia management, surgery, and postoperative care and rehabilitation were provided taking into account the presence of a transplanted heart in the patient, according to the Guidelines developed by the experts of the V.I. Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs where the heart transplant had been performed to the patient, and standard clinical recommendations.Case Report. An 18-year-old patient diagnosed with acute phlegmonous appendicitis with a heart transplanted in 2021 for dilated cardiomyopathy underwent laparoscopic appendectomy 3 years after heart transplantation. Anesthesia was provided taking into account the presence of a denervated donor heart, a high risk of myocardial ischemia and heart ailure (low cardiac output syndrome), and the need for a timely correction of hypovolemia and hypotension. Anesthesia management was a general combined multicomponent anesthesia.Conclusion. This clinical case has shown the possibility of providing medical care to a patient with a transplanted heart at a modern level in an urban multidisciplinary hospital. Non-cardiac surgery was performed in accordance with recommendations of specialists of V.I. Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs and clinical recommendations in order to achieve optimal results and the fastest possible rehabilitation in the postoperative period.
Rare cases of primarily infected kidney graft transplantation with the development of purulent complications
Authors: Shmarina N. V. , Lazareva K. E. , Dmitriev I. V. , Balkarov A. G. , Lonshakov D. V. , Zhuravel N. S. , Smirnova V. V. 
Published: September 2024

Background. Unexpected transmission of an infectious disease agent with a kidney graft to a recipient is a rare event but it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially when exposed to multidrug-resistant bacteria that have not been eliminated by standard antibiotic prophylaxis.Objective. To demonstrate the need for immediate removal of a primary infected kidney graft in the event of local purulent complications due to the rapid development of sepsis in immunocompromised patients.Results. The paper describes a clinical course of the infectious process in two kidney recipients each of whom underwent transplantation of a primary infected graft from a single donor, taking into consideration the transplantectomy timing and the treatment outcomes.Conclusion. The Case Report shows the need for immediate transplantectomy in a kidney graft recipient when local purulent complications are detected with confirmed primary infection of the graft due to a high risk of the rapid development of sepsis and threat to life.
Robotic surgery in the aspect of liver transplantation
Authors: Semash K. O. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Almost 60 years have passed since the first liver transplant performed by Thomas Starzl. During this time, medical technologies have gradually improved, which has made it possible to use more and more new methods and approaches in this type of medical care. One of the new techniques of recent decades is robotic surgery, which is gradually being introduced into medical practice, including in the field of transplant medicine.Objective. The purpose of writing this review was to summarize knowledge and describe the current status of development of robotic surgery in the aspect of liver transplantation, namely: liver resection in donors, as well as graft implantation in the recipient.Material and methods. The review includes foreign and domestic publications on minimally invasive donor liver surgery. Publications on the topic of robotic liver resection in the aspect of liver transplantation were also processed.Conclusion. Robotic surgery using advanced robotic systems represents the next step in the development of minimally invasive technologies in liver transplantation. Robotic systems provide more precise and dexterous control of instruments, allowing surgeons to perform complex procedures with greater precision and less risk to patients. However, the robotic approach is still very limited in geographical distribution and requires much more experience than laparoscopy. The upcoming introduction of new robotic systems that support haptic feedback or cavitronic ultrasonic surgical aspirators will further promote a widespread adoption of robotic liver resection in liver donors and liver recipients.
Cross-sectional survey of 43,517 dogs in the Dog Aging Project identifies owner-reported lifetime prevalence and characteristics of gastrointestinal disease
Authors: Schmid Sarah M. , Hoffman Jessica M. , Gould Emily N. , Moon Alaina , Creevy Kate E. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the prevalence of and characteristics associated with owner-reported gastrointestinal (GI) disease in companion dogs within the US.

METHODS
Cross-sectional owner-reported survey study of 43,517 dogs enrolled in the DAP between December 26, 2019, and December 31, 2022. Dogs were grouped on the basis of having an owner-reported GI disorder (ORGID) versus not having that ORGID at any point in their history (control group). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between dog characteristics and ORGIDs with prevalence ORs (PORs).

RESULTS
Of the 43,517 dogs in the DAP Pack, 30,677 (70%) had no history of ORGIDs and 12,840 (30%) had at least 1 ORGID. The most common ORGIDs included infectious diseases (7,580 of 43,517 [17%]), chronic diarrhea (1,316 [3%]), foreign bodies (1,086 [2%]), anal sac impactions (1,031 [2%]), pancreatitis (857 [2%]), inflammatory GI disease (615 [1%]), chronic vomiting (519 [1%]), and acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome (388 [1%]). Compared to controls, dogs with noninfectious ORGIDs had greater odds of having a history of being castrated (POR, 2.55; 95% CI, 2.29 to 2.85), underweight (POR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.47 to 1.70), or fed primarily canned food (POR, 2.51; 95% CI, 2.21 to 2.85) or receiving probiotics (POR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.58 to 1.81) or nonprescription GI medications (POR, 4.06; 95% CI, 3.80 to 4.33).

CONCLUSIONS
Dog owners in the US recruited from the general public reported a high prevalence of GI disorders in their dogs. Infectious and noninfectious ORGIDs were reported with approximately equal frequency.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Dogs with ORGIDs were more likely to have a history of receiving probiotics or nonprescription GI medications, which may indicate that owners are changing lifestyle practices to accommodate these GI disorders, although future longitudinal research is needed.
A novel approach for the numerical solution of nonlinear Fredholm integral equations using Hosoya polynomial method
Authors: Mundewadi Ravikiran Ashok , Jummannaver Raju Basavaraj 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we study the graph theoretical polynomial known as the Hosoya polynomial obtained from one of the standard classes of graphs called path. Using this polynomial applied for the numerical solution of the nonlinear Fredholm integral equation, which reduces in the algebraic system of equation with collocation points, then solving this system using Newton’s iterative with the help of MATLAB, we obtain the required approximate solution. The desired results in terms of a set of continuous polynomials over a closed interval [0, 1]. Illustrative applications show the efficiency, accuracy and validity of the proposed technique.
Thermohaline convection in MHD Casson fluid over an exponentially stretching sheet
Authors: Vinod Y. , Raghunatha K.R. , Sangamesh  , Nagappanavar Suma Nagendrappa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the thermohaline convection in MHD Casson fluid over an exponentially stretching sheet. This study has practical significance in industrial processes, materials processing, energy systems, and environmental applications. The governing equations describing the conservation for an electrically conducting fluid flow, thermal and concentration transports are considered based on the principles of mass, momentum, energy and concentration equations. Our first step involves transforming the governing nonlinear partial differential equations into a coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations with the help of suitable similarity transformations. Second step, infinite domain [0, ∞) of the problem to a finite domain [0, 1] through a coordinate transformations. This specific choice is motivated by the wavelet's significance in the finite domain of [0, 1]. Third step, we effectively solve the resulting coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations using the numerical Hermite wavelet method (HWM). This approach proves to be a valuable technique for obtaining significant results and insights in our study. Finally, the effect of known physical parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration are analysed through tables and graphs.
Associations Between Early Specialization and Ice Hockey Goaltender Hip Kinematics: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Harrington Margaret S. , Hlady Courtney A. , Burkhart Timothy A. 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE: To compare hip kinematics between early specialized (ES) and not early specialized (NES) ice hockey goaltenders. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: Twenty-six goaltenders’ (13 ES) kinematics were quantified during common goaltending tasks (ie, butterfly drops, power and butterfly slides) performed on a slide board using Theia3D markerless technology. Maximum and minimum hip flexion, adduction, and internal rotation (IR) angles were determined, as were the concurrent hip angles in the two other planes at these positions. The groups were compared using independent t tests or Mann-Whitney U tests for discrete data and statistical parametric mapping for hip angles over time. RESULTS: ES goaltenders had increased IR and abduction at lower flexion and less IR and abduction at higher flexion compared to NES goaltenders. Neither group reached the expected extreme ranges of flexion, adduction, or IR typically associated with mechanical bony impingement of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS). CONCLUSION: The ES goaltenders may minimize combined flexion and IR or abduction to avoid pain in hips due to FAIS or labral tears or have adopted advantageous hip control strategies to avoid abnormal hip contact mechanics that contribute to developing these pathologies. JOSPT Open 2025;3(1):35-44. Epub 18 September 2024. doi:10.2519/josptopen.2024.0069
Fatores que contribuem para a solidão na pessoa idosa
Authors: Araújo Taciana Maria Bezerra de , Alves Karoline de Lima , Silva Antônia Lêda Oliveira , Medeiros Robson Antão de , Tura Luiz Fernando Rangel 
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Identificar as produções científicas sobre os possíveis fatores que contribuem para a solidão na pessoa idosa. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysisand Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) via PubMed, SciVerseScopus (SCOPUS) Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) Via Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e Web of Science (WoS), ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Database que identificassem a solidão em pessoas idosas nos últimos 10 anos (2012-2022). Foram utilizados os descritores “elderly” e “loneliness”. Resultados: A amostra final foi composta por 10 artigos, os quais descreveram as principais causas da solidão na pessoa idosa. Os principais fatores foram o nível econômico, a baixa escolaridade, a idade, a falta de companhia, as doenças crônicas, o estado civil viúvo, a privação da convivência com familiares e comunidade, a ausência de filhos, a aposentadoria e o ambiente em que está inserido. Considerações finais: A solidão detém de aspectos multifatoriais. No entanto, intervenções focadas em consolidar redes de apoio social, promover e incentivar relacionamentos significativos tem um grande potencial de prevenir a solidão.
Legal Transformation of the Education System of the Russian Federation at the Present Stage of Development
Authors: Семагин И.О. 
Published: September 2024

В статье делается попытка анализа преобразований и юридически значимых решений в образовательной сфере, принимаемых уполномоченными органами власти Российской Федерации для обеспечения развития национальной системы образования вопреки вызовам и угрозам разного характера. Отражено негативное влияние внедрения Болонской системы высшего образования в образовательный процесс в России. Определены роль и значение работы Правительства РФ и иных государственных органов власти в реформировании образовательной системы во исполнение указов Президента РФ.
The article makes an attempt to analyze the transformations and legally significant decisions in the educational sphere taken by the authorized authorities of the Russian Federation to ensure the development of the national education system in spite of challenges and threats of various natures. The negative impact of the implementation of the Bologna system of higher education in the educational process in Russia is reflected. The role and significance of the work of the Government of the Russian Federation and other state authorities in reforming the educational system in pursuance of the Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation is determined.
Prospects and Strategic Directions for the Development of Civil Society Institutions in the Russian Federation
Authors: Гончаров И.А. , Маркарян С.А. 
Published: September 2024

Цель данного исследования — выявление перспектив и стратегических направлений развития институтов гражданского общества в России. Применялись аналитический и другие методы исследования. С учетом взглядов современных ученых сформулировано актуальное определение понятия «гражданское общество». Рассмотрены основные перспективы развития институтов гражданского общества. Выявлено, что существуют различные варианты развития российского гражданского общества. Исходя из анализа его современного состояния, наличия ряда проблем и достижений в данной сфере сформулирован вывод, что, скорее всего, Россия пойдет по пути развития гражданского общества, в результате которого будет сформировано инерционное общество. Обозначены основные стратегические направления развития институтов гражданского общества и повышения их роли в обеспечении конституционно-правовых отношений в Российской Федерации, обладающие элементами научной новизны.
The purpose of this study is to identify prospects and strategic directions for the development of civil society institutions in Russia. Analytical and other research methods were used. Taking into account the views of modern scientists, a current definition of the concept of “civil society” has been formulated. The main prospects for the development of civil society institutions are considered. It has been revealed that there are different options for the development of Russian civil society. Based on the analysis of its current state, the presence of a number of problems and achievements in this area, the conclusion is formulated that, most likely, Russia will follow the path of development of civil society, as a result of which an inertial society will be formed. The main strategic directions for the development of civil society institutions and increasing their role in ensuring constitutional and legal relations in the Russian Federation, which have elements of scientific novelty, are outlined.