bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypertension Prevalence in New York City Adults: Unmasking Undetected Racial/Ethnic Variation, NYC HANES 2004
Authors: Giambrone Ashley E. , Gerber Linda M. , Rodriguez-Lopez Jesica S. , Trinh-Shervin Chau , Islam Nadia , Thorpe Lorna E. 
Published: July 2016

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Using 2004 New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NYC HANES) data, we sought to examine variation in hypertension (HTN) prevalence across eight Asian and Hispanic subgroups. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>New York City, 2004 <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Main Outcome Measures: </strong>Logistic regression was performed to identify differences in HTN prevalence between ethnic subgroups controlling for age, sex, education and BMI. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall HTN prevalence among NYC adults was 25.5% (95% CI: 23.4-27.8), with 21.1% (95% CI: 18.2-24.3) among Whites, 32.8% (95% CI: 28.7-37.2) Black, 26.4% (95% CI: 22.3-31.0) Hispanics, and 24.7% (95% CI: 19.9-30.3) Asians. Among Hispanic subgroups, Dominicans had the highest HTN prevalence (32.2%), followed by Puerto Ricans (27.7%), while Mexicans had the lowest prevalence (8.1%). Among Asian subgroups, HTN prevalence was slightly higher among South Asians (29.9%) than among Chinese (21.3%). Adjusting for age, Dominican adults were nearly twice as likely to have HTN as non-Hispanic (NH) Whites (OR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.24-3.12), but this was attenuated after adjusting for sex and education (OR=1.27, 95% CI: .76 – 2.12). When comparing South Asians with NH Whites, results were also non-significant after adjustment (OR=2.00, 95% CI: .90-4.43). <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When analyzing racial/ethnic subgroups, NH Black and Hispanic adults from Dominican Republic had the highest HTN prevalence followed by South Asian and Puerto Rican adults. Mexican adults had the lowest prevalence of all groups. These findings highlight that ethnic subgroup differences go undetected when stratified by broader racial/ ethnic categories. To our knowledge, this is the first population-based study using objective measures to highlight these differences. <em>Ethn Dis. </em>2016;26(3):339-344; doi:10.18865/ed.26.3.339 </p>
Life Course Socioeconomic Position and Subclinical Disease: The Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Deere Bradley , Griswold Michael , Lirette Seth , Fox Ervin , Sims Mario 
Published: July 2016

<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>African Americans experience higher rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and lower childhood and adult socioeconomic position (SEP). Research that examines the associations of multiple measures of SEP with subclinical CVD markers among African Americans is limited. </p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) were used to examine cross-sectional associations of childhood SEP and adult SEP with subclinical markers among 4,756 African American participants (mean age 54, 64% female), adjusting for age, health behaviors and CVD risk factors. Subclinical markers included prevalent left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), peripheral artery disease (PAD), coronary artery calcification (CAC), and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). </p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of LVH, PAD and CAC was 7%, 6% and 45%, respectively. The mean CIMT was .72 ± .17 mm. In fully-adjusted models, having a college education was inversely associated with PAD (OR, .27; 95% CI .13,.56) and CIMT (β=-29.7, P&lt;.01). Income was inversely associated with LVH after adjustment for health behaviors (OR, .49 95% CI .25,.96), though associations attenuated in the fully-adjusted model. Measures of childhood SEP (material resources and mother’s education) were not consistently associated with subclinical disease measures other than a positive association between material resources and CIMT. </p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Subclinical disease markers were patterned by adult SEP measures among African Americans. <em>Ethn Dis. </em>2016;26(3);355-362; doi:10.18865/ed.26.3.355 </p>
Race and Sex Differences in the Association between Food Insecurity and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Strings Sabrina , Ranchod Yamini K. , Laraia Barbara , Nuru-Jeter Amani 
Published: July 2016

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine whether the relationship between food insecurity (FI) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) varies by race/ethnicity and sex. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from low-income adults participating in the 2009 and 2011 waves of the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) (N=22,596). We used logistic regression models to estimate the sex and race-specific associations between FI and T2D. </p><p><strong>Results</strong><em>: </em>We observed positive associations between low food security and T2D for White men (AOR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2, 3.2), and between very low food security and T2D for White women (AOR: 1.6 95% CI: 1.1, 2.5). In Latinas, we observed positive associations between both low food security (AOR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.3, 2.2) and very low food security (AOR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.6) and T2D. We did not observe any associations between FI and T2D in Latino men, or African American women and men. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong><em>: </em>The relationship between FI and T2D may be moderated by race and sex. For African Americans and Latino men, other distal factors may modify the effect of FI on rates of T2D. <em>Ethn Dis. </em>2016;26(3):427-434; doi:10.18865/ ed.26.3.427 </p>
Mindfulness-Based Childbirth Education: Incorporating Adult and Experiential Learning With Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction in Childbirth Education
Authors: Hauck Yvonne , Fisher Colleen , Byrne Jean , Bayes Sara 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTInformed choice is an expectation of today’s parents. Concern is evident around whether education models are evolving to ensure flexibility for parents to access options perceived as meeting their needs. Historical and current evidence around childbirth education models including the introduction of mindfulness to parent education will be presented. The aim of this article is to describe the rationale for incorporating adult and experiential learning with mindfulness-based stress reduction in a childbirth education program implemented in Western Australia. The curriculum of the Mindfulness Based Childbirth Education 8-week program is shared with corresponding learning objectives for each session. Examples of educational materials that demonstrate how adult and experiential learning were embedded in the curriculum are presented.
Prática integrada em Arquitetura, Engenharia e Construção
Authors: Ilha Marina Sangoi de Oliveira , Silva Vanessa Gomes da 
Published: July 2016

Esta edição da PARC apresenta uma seleção de artigos publicados na Conferência Sustainable Building 2010 Brazil (SB10Brazil), em novembro de 2010 na cidade de São Paulo. Os artigos constantes nessa edição enfocam alguns dos temas discutidos na SB10Brazil: modelos urbanos e infra-estrutura sustentáveis; projeto e construção avançados; metodologias e ferramentas de avaliação da sustentabilidade; avaliação do desempenho ambiental de sistemas e componentes e gestão sustentável de facilidades. Todos os trabalhos passaram por uma avaliação cega de pelo menos 2 avaliadores, os quais constam como Comitê Científico ad hoc desta edição.
Habitação Coletiva: Reconfigurando a quadra do Carmo, São Paulo
Authors: Rubano Lizete Maria , Fehr Lucas , Barros Luiz Antonio Recamán , Silva Aline Simões Ollertz , Lunetta Carolina , Moreira Felipe de Freitas , Venzon Julia 
Published: July 2016

A perspectiva deste trabalho é a de apresentar uma experiência de habitação social na cidade de São Paulo, tendo como referência questões contemporâneas desse desafio (entre elas, a da área central.). Para esta apresentação (que é resultado de uma pesquisa realizada em 2010) gostaríamos de destacar uma intervenção na Rua do Carmo, próxima à Sé, do escritório Vigliecca & Associados. Interessa-nos evidenciar o desafio de questões contemporâneas que tem sido enfrentado pelo arquiteto Héctor Vigliecca – com aprofundamento teórico e proposição projetual -, e que nos parece de fundamental importância à própria “renovação” do tema da habitação social em áreas metropolitanas como a cidade de São Paulo.
Intervenção arqueológica em património edificado: dois casos de aplicação dos métodos da arqueologia da arquitectura em contexto urbano
Authors: Santos Raquel , Rebelo Paulo , Neto Nuno 
Published: July 2016

O presente artigo pretende dar a conhecer dois exemplos de aplicação dos métodos da arqueologia da arquitectura em contexto urbano, nomeadamente um conjunto edificado do centro histórico de Lagos e um prédio de habitação na cidade de Lisboa. Os exemplos dados foram alvo de intervenções arqueológicas com objectivos diferentes devido ao contexto de obra a que estavam sujeitos: o primeiro, condenado a demolição total para construção de um novo edifício; o segundo sofrendo uma obra de recuperação, afectando os elementos estruturais apenas ao nível dos revestimentos. Para além da interpretação dos dados obtidos para cada um dos edifícios, pretende-se apresentar as condicionantes que determinaram a metodologia a empregar em cada caso.
Direct Repair of Chronic Achilles Tendon Ruptures Using Scar Tissue Located Between the Tendon Stumps
Authors: Yasuda Toshito , Shima Hiroaki , Mori Katsunori , Kizawa Momoko , Neo Masashi 
Published: July 2016

Background:
Several surgical procedures for chronically ruptured Achilles tendons have been reported. Resection of the interposed scar tissue located between the tendon stumps and reconstruction using normal autologous tissue have been well described. We developed a direct repair procedure that uses scar tissue, which obviates the need to use normal autologous tissue.

Methods:
Thirty consecutive patients with Achilles tendon ruptures with a delay in diagnosis of >4 weeks underwent removal of a section of scar and healing tissue with direct primary suture of the ends of the tendon without the use of allograft or autograft. Patients were followed for a mean time of 33 months. Preoperative and postoperative clinical outcomes were measured with the Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS) and the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score. In addition, the patients underwent preoperative and postoperative functional measurements and magnetic resonance imaging. Lastly, we evaluated the histology of the interposed healing tissue.

Results:
The mean AOFAS scores were 82.8 points preoperatively and 98.1 points postoperatively. The mean postoperative ATRS was 92.0 points. At the time of the latest follow-up, none of the patients had experienced tendon reruptures or difficulties in walking or climbing stairs, and all except 2 patients could perform a single-limb heel rise. All athletes had returned to their pre-injury level of sports participation. Preoperative T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed that 22 Achilles tendons were thickened with diffuse intratendinous high-signal alterations, and 8 Achilles tendons were thinned. Postoperative T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging findings included fusiform-shaped tendon thickening and homogeneous low-signal alterations of the tendons in all patients. Histologically, the interposed scar tissue consisted of dense collagen fibers.

Conclusions:
Shortening of the tissue between the 2 tendon ends that included healing scar and direct repair of healing tendon without allograft or autograft can be effective for treatment-delayed or neglected Achilles tendon rupture.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Postural Stability in Older Adults with a Distal Radial Fracture
Authors: Louer Craig R. , Boone Sean L. , Guthrie Andre K. , Motley John R. , Calfee Ryan P. , Wall Lindley B. 
Published: July 2016

Background:
The physical risk factors leading to distal radial fractures are poorly understood. The goal of this study was to compare postural stability between older adults with and without a prior distal radial fragility fracture.

Methods:
This case-control evaluation was performed at a single tertiary institution. The fracture cohort comprised 23 patients treated for a low-energy distal radial fracture within 6 to 24 months prior to this study. Twenty-three age and sex-matched control participants, without a prior fragility fracture, were selected from an outpatient clinic population. All participants completed a balance assessment with a computerized balance platform device. Dynamic motion analysis (DMA) scores ranging from 0 to 1,440 points are produced, with lower scores indicating better postural stability. Participants also completed validated questionnaires for general health quality (EuroQol-5D-3L [EQ-5D-3L]) and physical activity (Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly [PASE]) and comprehensive health and demographic information including treatment for compromised balance or osteoporosis. Statistical analysis compared data between cases and controls using either the Student t test or the Mann-Whitney U test.

Results:
There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in age, sex, body mass index, physical activity score, or EQ-5D-3L general health visual analog scale score between participants with or without prior distal radial fracture. The fracture cohort demonstrated poorer balance, with higher DMA scores at 933 points compared with 790 points for the control cohort (p = 0.008). Nineteen patients (83%) in the fracture cohort reported having dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans within 5 years prior to this study, but only 2 patients (9%) had ever been referred for balance training with physical therapy.

Conclusions:
Older adults who sustain low-energy distal radial fractures demonstrate impaired postural stability compared with individuals of a similar age who have not sustained such fractures. Following a distal radial fracture, these patients may benefit from interventions to improve postural stability.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Comparison of medication safety systems in critical access hospitals: Combined analysis of two studies
Authors: Cochran Gary L. , Barrett Ryan S. , Horn Susan D. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Purpose
The role of pharmacist transcription, onsite pharmacist dispensing, use of automated dispensing cabinets (ADCs), nurse–nurse double checks, or barcode-assisted medication administration (BCMA) in reducing medication error rates in critical access hospitals (CAHs) was evaluated.

Methods
Investigators used the practice-based evidence methodology to identify predictors of medication errors in 12 Nebraska CAHs. Detailed information about each medication administered was recorded through direct observation. Errors were identified by comparing the observed medication administered with the physician’s order. Chi-square analysis and Fisher’s exact test were used to measure differences between groups of medication-dispensing procedures.

Results
Nurses observed 6497 medications being administered to 1374 patients. The overall error rate was 1.2%. The transcription error rates for orders transcribed by an onsite pharmacist were slightly lower than for orders transcribed by a telepharmacy service (0.10% and 0.33%, respectively). Fewer dispensing errors occurred when medications were dispensed by an onsite pharmacist versus any other method of medication acquisition (0.10% versus 0.44%, p = 0.0085). The rates of dispensing errors for medications that were retrieved from a single-cell ADC (0.19%), a multicell ADC (0.45%), or a drug closet or general supply (0.77%) did not differ significantly. BCMA was associated with a higher proportion of dispensing and administration errors intercepted before reaching the patient (66.7%) compared with either manual double checks (10%) or no BCMA or double check (30.4%) of the medication before administration (p = 0.0167).

Conclusion
Onsite pharmacist dispensing and BCMA were associated with fewer medication errors and are important components of a medication safety strategy in CAHs.
Study of roadside weed diversity along the constructed and non constructed roads in Palghar, Maharashtra, India.
Authors: Joshi* Nitesh , Mule Prachiti , Joshi Ambika 
Published: July 2016

The study aims to explore the floristic diversity of the weeds occurring along the roadside of the Palghar Tehsil by calculating various diversity indices of two distinctly identified sites, one being disturbed, constructed sites with high usage while other is relatively less disturbed mainly non-constructed sites and limited usage. The further purpose of the study was to draw conclusion in terms of floristic differences based on 3 indices viz. Shannon Weiner Index, Species Richness, Species evenness Index, Simpson’s Index and Sorenson’s Similarity Index. On comparison it was seen that the area that has limited usage has evenly distributed community and rich diversity as compared to another site. Diversity of the community occurring near non constructed road was found to be more as compared to the community occurring near constructed road.
Uso da metodologia da problematização com o Arco de Maguerez no ensino sobre brinquedo terapêutico
Authors: Laia da Mata Fujita Júnia Aparecida , Henrique de Mecena Elizane , Valentim Carmona Elenice , Kakuda Shimo Antonieta Keiko 
Published: July 2016

Este estudo objetivou relatar a experiência do uso da metodologia da Problematização com apoio do Arco de Maguerez no ensino sobre brinquedo terapêutico na graduação de enfermagem, bem como os resultados alcançados. A experiência se deu com 52 alunos de uma instituição de ensino superior privada, localizada em Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil. Foram implementadas as cinco etapas do Arco de Maguerez: 1. Observação da realidade; 2. Pontos-chave; 3. Teorização; 4. Hipóteses de solução; 5. Aplicação à realidade – Prática. A experiência resultou na criação de dez brinquedos terapêuticos. Foram vivenciados diferentes aspectos inerentes ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem, constatando-se que uma educação de nível superior pautada no uso de metodologias ativas e não mais limitada à transmissão de conteúdos teóricos tem potencial para formar profissionais mais preparados para atender às atuais demandas em saúde.PALAVRAS-CHAVEEducação em enfermagem; Ensino; Aprendizagem baseada em problemas; Jogos e brinquedos ABSTRACTThis study aimed to report the experience of teaching therapeutic play according to the Problematization methodology with Maguerez´s Arch to nursing undergraduation students, as well as the obtained results. This teaching strategy was used with 52 students of a private institution in Curitiba, Parana State, Brazil. The five steps of Maguerez´s Arch were implemented: 1.Reality observation; 2. Key-points; 3. Theorizing; 4. Solution hypotheses; 5. Application to reality – Practice. Students developed ten therapeutic toys. There was an opportunity of experiencing different aspects of the teachinglearning process, what denotes that undergraduation courses based on active methodologies and no longer limited to lectures on theoretical content have the potential of educating professionals well prepared to meet current health demands.KEYWORDSNursing education; Teaching; Problem-based learning; Play and toys
Fatores que influenciam a aprendizagem de conceitos matemáticos em cursos de engenharia: Um estudo exploratório com estudantes da Universidade do Minho
Authors: Alves Manuela , Coutinho Clara , A. C. Rocha Ana Maria , Rodrigues Cristina 
Published: July 2016

O sucesso na aprendizagem da Matemática no ensino superior constitui um campo emergente de pesquisa, em particular nos cursos de Engenharia. No entanto, em Portugal ainda é incipiente a pesquisa na área, pelo que é pertinente explorar fatores que podem esclarecer a relação entre os estudantes de Engenharia e a Matemática. Com base em três focus group realizados com estudantes de dois cursos de Engenharia da Universidade do Minho, este estudo exploratório pretende investigar as atitudes dos estudantes na aprendizagem de conceitos matemáticos e averiguar os fatores que influenciam a sua experiência no processo de aprendizagem. Para além da perceção da importância da Matemática no seu curso e na sua futura profissão, os resultados sugerem que há fatores que influenciam o seu desempenho, nomeadamente o papel do professor e a sua metodologia de ensino, bem como a aplicabilidade dos conceitos matemáticos no contexto da Engenharia, o papel ativo do estudante na aprendizagem e a influência dos pais e da sociedade.PALAVRAS-CHAVEAprendizagem de conceitos matemáticos; Engenharia; Focus group; EnsinoSuperior ABSTRACTSuccess in the learning of Mathematics in higher education constitutes anemerging field of research, particularly in the Engineering courses. In Portugal, however, the research in this area remains incipient. It is therefore relevant to explore which factors may clarify the relation between the Engineering students and Mathematics. Based on three focus groups carried out with students from two Engineering courses at the University of Minho, this exploratory study aims to investigate the attitudes of students in the learning of mathematical concepts and find out the factors that influence their experience in the learning process. Beyond the perception of the importance of Mathematics in their course and their future profession, the results suggest that there are factors that influence their performance, such as the teacher's role and his/her teaching methodology, as well as the applicability of mathematical concepts in the context of Engineering, the student’s active role in learning and the influence of parents and society.KEYWORDSLearning of mathematical concepts; Engineering; Focus group; Highereducation