bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impacts of the Tampere Tramway Project
Authors: Vainio Terttu , Nippala Eero 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Light Rail transport within the city has become an interesting form of public transport in many cities in Europe as well as in other parts of the world. According to the experience of the reference cities, light rail or tramway is primarily an urban development project, not only a public transport project. This case study focuses on the indirect impacts of a tramway project. Do they really happen or is their valuation just a means to achieve political will. The city of Tampere is one of a few growing cities in Finland. The growth of the city caused congestion in the city centre, where the bus lines either ended or whose pendulum lines passed. Project planning for the Tampere tramway started in the early 2000s, construction began in 2017, traffic on the first lines started in 2021. In the tramway, the decisions are based on future expectations. In our research, we assess how well these expectations have been realised in the Tampere tramway project by means of a literature survey and statistical comparisons. The developments to be considered are the direct and indirect investments in the construction of the tramway, the demographic changes, and the housing markets. The evaluation material consists of official regional statistics. According to evaluation, the land use of Tampere has become more efficient than expected in the area affected by the tramway. Not only on empty plots, but also old low commercial buildings have been replaced by high new residential buildings. The tramway has supported urban development by attracting investors to build on previously for abandoned plots. The main street of Tampere is dedicated to the tram, a limited number of buses and light traffic, so congestion has been reduced.
Construction Workers’ Perception of Project Management, Work Environment, and Health & Safety
Authors: Wandahl S. , Pérez C. T. , Salling S. T. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The construction industry is labor-intensive, where project performance relies on a successful collaboration between construction workers between workers and managers. Hence, knowledge about workers’ job satisfaction is highly valuable for improving the efficiency of the construction industry. For that reason, a survey was conducted to understand construction workers’ perceptions of factors that influence job satisfaction. The questionnaire included 12 demographic questions and 27 questions. Data was collected in 2023, and almost 3400 workers answered the questionnaire. Several relevant insights surfaced during the data analysis. Among others, the more the workers are engaged and involved in planning, the higher the performance and job satisfaction. The more digital tools are used, the better performance and job satisfaction. However, workers find that digital tools are used too little. The younger workforce is more troubled than the older.
An Integrated Framework for Digital Twins in Hospitals
Authors: Pedral Sampaio Rodrigo , Aguiar Costa António , Flores-Colen Inês , Johanne Klungseth Nora , Giovanni Semini Marco , Nordvik Sondre 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The architecture, engineering, construction, and facility management (AECFM) industry has been criticized for having a level of digitalization far below that of other manufacturing sectors, especially in creating digital assets, expanding digital tools, and creating digital jobs. The challenge of managing the built environment is currently particularly complex, considering the increasing performance requirements not only in terms of energy and the environment but also from a human perspective. Digital twin technology, with its ability to create virtual replicas of physical assets, has gained significant traction in the built environment sector. These virtual twins offer immense potential for monitoring, simulation, and optimization. Nonetheless, to fully harness their benefits, an integrated framework is essential. Such a framework would guide seamless implementation, interoperability, and effective utilization of digital twins across various domains. Several questions may arise when we create a digital twin for the built environment: How should we structure the digital twin model? What information should we be able to visualize? How should the digital twin model interact with the user? These are some of the questions we still need a consistent answer. A mixed-methods approach that combined a literature review with with expert interviews was used to understand better the current state of digital twin applications in the built environment sector. This study emphasizes the significance of using an integrated approach to develop digital twin technology to realize its full potential in the built environment industry. It puts forward a framework specifically designed for hospital facilities.
Two grasses differ in their absorptive root physiological traits and rooting depth under drought in an alpine steppe
Authors: Zheng Zhi , Zhang Yurui , Li Ziyue , Dong Feifei , Chen Lijuan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Absorptive root traits play important roles in acquisition of water and nutrients from soil by plants. Despite numerous reports on the changes in species dominance under long-term drought in grassland communities, few studies have specifically investigated absorptive root traits of these dominant species in grasslands, especially in alpine grasslands.

Methods
Here, two grass species (Leymus secalinus and Stipa purpurea) differing in their responses to drought were selected from an alpine steppe. A series of absorptive root traits were examined under drought in a 3-year glasshouse experiment.

Key Results
We found that drought had no effects on root morphological and architectural traits, whereas root physiological traits and rooting depth differed in their responses to drought. Specifically, drought significantly reduced root respiration and enhanced organ carbon (C) exudation rate, carboxylate exudation rate, acid phosphatase activity and rooting depth of L. secalinus. In particular, L. secalinus released more citrate into the rhizosphere under drought than S. purpurea. In contrast, these root traits of S. purpurea remained relatively unchanged in response to the drought. These differential responses would render L. secalinus more competitive in acquisition of nutrients and water, thus contributing to its dominance in the community under drought. Moreover, root respiration was negatively correlated with organic C exudation rate, carboxylate exudation rate and acid phosphatase activity, indicating a trade-off between root respiration and root exudates to acquire nutrients and water by optimizing C allocation under drought. Additionally, all root traits exhibited two independent dimensions in root economic space for both species under drought.

Conclusions
These results indicate that the plant species with great capacity to acquire water and nutrients in soil by optimizing C allocation under drought will be dominant in the community of the alpine grasslands. These findings provide an important insight into species re-ordering under drought on the Tibetan Plateau.
Preludes to friendship: improvisatory instrumental souvenirs in 19th-century autograph albums
Authors: Zohn Steven 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Among the musical souvenirs found in 19th-century autograph or friendship albums is an overlooked repertory of improvisatory pieces for solo string and wind instruments. These cadenzas, capriccios and preludes were given to collectors by some of the leading performers of the day, including violinists Charles-Auguste de Bériot, Ole Bull, Ferdinand David, Joseph Joachim and Niccolò Paganini; and flautists Louis Drouët and Jean-Louis Tulou. Most of these pieces are found nowhere else, and because they include precise indications of date and place, some can be connected to specific performances. As musical self-portraits, they capture their authors’ personalities and artistry in strikingly varied ways: from visually extravagant (and occasionally humorous) roulades, to bel canto ‘vocal’ cadenzas and more extended flights of fancy. Taken as a whole, this repertory brings us a step or two closer to what was heard in salons and concert halls than the more familiar repertory of published cadenzas, capriccios and preludes.
Carbapenemase and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in waters originating from a single landfill in Slovenia
Authors: Tkalec Valerija , Lindic Polona , Jursa Tatjana , Ivanusa Sket Hermina , Maric Leon , Cimerman Mojca , Rupnik Maja , Golle Andrej 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Groundwater, rainwater, and leachate associated with a single landfill were analysed to detect extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and carbapenemase (CP)-producing bacteria. After cultivation on three commercial selective-differential media, 240 bacterial isolates were obtained and identified by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Isolates from clinically relevant species were further genotyped by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction, and tested for antibiotic susceptibility and presence of CPs and ESBL enzymes. Two ESBL-producing isolates and two isolates producing CPs were detected in rainwater, groundwater, and leachate: Klebsiella oxytoca complex with the gene for the ESBL enzyme CTX-M-1 and the gene for the CP OXA-48, Serratia fonticola with the gene for the ESBL enzyme FONA-2, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with the gene coding Verona integron-encoded Metallo-beta-lactamases (VIM) metallo-beta-lactamase. Our study indicates that bacteria with ESBL and CP genes can be present in landfill-associated waters.
The purely iterative conception of set
Authors: Klev Ansten 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
According to the iterative conception of set, sets are formed in stages. According to the purely iterative conception of set, sets are formed by iterated application of a set-of operation. The cumulative hierarchy is a mathematical realization of the iterative conception of set. A mathematical realization of the purely iterative conception can be found in Peter Aczel’s type-theoretic model of constructive set theory. I will explain Aczel’s model construction in a way that presupposes no previous familiarity with the theories on which it is based.
Comparison of the differential effect of participation in breast cancer screening program versus opportunistic screening or symptomatic detection on tumour characteristics
Authors: Laza-Vásquez Celmira , Rué-Monné Montserrat , Fougo José Luís , Peleteiro Bárbara 
Published: September 2024

Objectives
The success of a breast cancer screening program is highly dependent on adherence. We aimed to compare the differential effect of participation in breast cancer screening program versus opportunistic screening or symptomatic detection on tumour characteristics.

Methods
We included women referred to our Breast Centre in 2015–2021: 321 from the breast cancer screening group (group 1) and 422 through opportunistic screening or due to symptomatic detection (group 2). We compared data on sociodemographics, breast cancer detection, clinical features and tumour characteristics.

Results
A total of 10.6% of women in group 1 had breast symptoms and 63.8% had breast signs, with group 2 presenting higher proportions (57.6 and 77.8%, respectively, P < 0.001). The median tumour size in group 1 was smaller compared with group 2 (14 vs 17 mm, P < 0.001). A total of 8.7% of women in group 1 had nodal involvement whereas in group 2 the proportion corresponded to 19.0% (P < 0.001). No women in group 1 were diagnosed with metastasis, while metastases were found in 2.4% of those from group 2 (P = 0.005). There were no significant differences in molecular subtype of invasive tumours between the two groups.

Conclusion
The tumour characteristics of women who participated in the breast cancer screening program showed in almost all characteristics more favourable results in comparison with the group who underwent opportunistic screening or sought care due to symptoms. The lower clinical stage observed in those referred from the organised program reaffirms that it is an effective measure for early detection, diagnosis, and treatment.
Global epidemiology of liver cancer 2022: An emphasis on geographic disparities
Authors: Li Qianru , Ding Chao , Cao Maomao , Yang Fan , Yan Xinxin , He Siyi , Cao Mengdi , Zhang Shaoli , Teng Yi , Tan Nuopei , Wang Jiachen , Xia Changfa , Chen Wanqing 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Liver cancer remains the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, causing a heavy burden globally. An updated assessment of the global epidemiology of the liver cancer burden that addresses geographical disparities is necessary to better understand and promote healthcare delivery.

Methods:
Data were extracted from the GLOBOCAN 2022 database, including the number, crude, and age-standardized rates of incidence and mortality at the global, country, continent, and human development index (HDI) regional levels. Age-standardized rates (incidence and mortality) per 100,000 person-years were adjusted based on the Segi-Doll World standard population. The mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIR) for each region and country were calculated. The HDI and gross national income (GNI) for 2022 were obtained, and a Pearson correlation analysis was conducted with the incidence, mortality, and MIR.

Results:
In 2022, approximately 866,136 new liver cancer cases and 758,725 related deaths were recorded worldwide, with a global MIR of 0.86. Males had a disproportionately higher burden than females across all levels, and the highest burden was observed in the elderly population. Geographically, the regions with the highest incidence rates included Micronesia, Eastern Asia, and Northern Africa, and the regions with the highest mortality rates included Northern Africa, Southeastern Asia, Eastern Asia, and Micronesia. Notably, Mongolia had a strikingly high burden compared to other countries. The highest MIR was observed in North America and the lowest in Africa. Negative associations of HDI and GNI with liver cancer mortality and MIR were identified, irrespective of sex.

Conclusions:
The current liver cancer burden underscores the presence of remarkable geographic heterogeneity, which is particularly evident across countries with varying HDI levels, highlighting the urgent need to prioritize health accessibility and availability to achieve health inequities.
Maternal Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States: An Interrupted Time-series Analysis
Authors: Jackson Kaitlyn , Karasek Deborah , Gemmill Alison , Collin Daniel F. , Hamad Rita 
Published: September 2024

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic, and subsequent policy responses aimed at curbing disease spread and reducing economic fallout, had far-reaching consequences for maternal health. There has been little research to our knowledge on enduring disruptions to maternal health trends beyond the early pandemic and limited understanding of how these impacted pre-existing disparities in maternal health.

Methods:
We leveraged rigorous interrupted time-series methods and US National Center for Health Statistics Vital Statistics Birth Data Files of all live births for 2015–2021 (N = 24,653,848). We estimated whether changes in maternal health trends after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020) differed from predictions based on pre-existing temporal trends. Outcomes included gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and adequacy of prenatal care.

Results:
We found an increased incidence of gestational diabetes (December 2020 peak: 1.7 percentage points (pp); 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3, 2.1), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (January 2021 peak: 1.3 pp; 95% CI: 0.4, 2.1), and gestational weight gain (March 2021 peak: 0.1 standard deviation; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.1) and declines in inadequate prenatal care (January 2021 nadir: −0.4 pp; 95% CI: −0.7, −0.1). Key differences by subgroups included greater and more sustained increases in gestational diabetes among Black, Hispanic, and less educated individuals.

Conclusion:
These patterns in maternal health likely reflect not only effects of COVID-19 infection but also changes in healthcare access, health behaviors, remote work, economic security, and maternal stress. Further research about causal pathways and longer-term trends will inform public health and clinical interventions to address maternal disease burden and disparities.
Rheumatoid arthritis presented in an 89-year-old woman: a case report
Authors: Kudsi Maysoun , Alghawe Fatima , Haidar Ghina , Hadid Batoul , Btrush Sana 
Published: September 2024

Introduction and importance:
Elderly onset rheumatoid arthritis (EORA) is defined as the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in individuals over 60 years and presents unique clinical features. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs are introduced immediately after the diagnosis is proven. In some cases, biological treatment may be used. We present a case report of EORA in an 89-year-old female.

Case presentation:
An 89-year-old Syrian female presented with fatigue, fever, generalized arthralgia, and myalgia, with morning stiffness of more than 1 hour for 3 months. On physical examination, she had bilateral joint tenderness and swelling of more than 10 small joints. Laboratory tests revealed anemia and elevated inflammatory markers with a high titer of rheumatoid factor and anti-cytoplasmic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP). Diagnosis of RA was confirmed, and she was put on prednisolone, methotrexate, and paracetamol. After 6 months, our patient’s clinical examination and laboratory tests had returned to normal.

Clinical discussion:
About 70% of EORA cases have joint erosions, positive rheumatoid factor, and a worse prognosis, and 25% of EORA cases mimic polymyalgia rheumatic, with a favorable prognosis. EORA has a poor outcome, due to the risk of infection and comorbidities.

Conclusion:
Our patient presented with symptoms mimicking polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), so a definitive diagnosis is required between elderly RA and PMR due to their different treatment and complications. Medical professionals should consider a diagnosis of RA in elderly patients, regardless of their age.
The effects of acupressure, laughter yoga, and a mindfulness-based stress reduction program applied to postmenopausal women for menopause symptoms and quality of life
Authors: Koca Hacer U. , Kucukkelepce Didem S. , Nacar Gulcin , Çetin Nurdilan S. , Taşhan Sermin T. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
This research was conducted to determine the effects of acupressure, laughter yoga, and a mindfulness-based stress reduction program applied to postmenopausal women for menopause symptoms and quality of life.

Methods
A randomized controlled design was used. The study was conducted with a total of 146 women, including 41 acupressure, 31 laughter yoga, 37 mindfulness-based stress reduction, and 37 control group women. The women in the acupressure group were administered acupressure twice a week, which accounted for 16 sessions in total. Women in the laughter yoga and mindfulness-based stress reduction groups received a total of eight sessions of the related intervention, which was performed once a week. Study data were collected using a participant information form, the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), and the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Scale (MENQOL). Descriptive statistics, paired-samples t test, χ2 test, analysis of variance test, and intention to treat analysis were used to analyze the data. Before the intention to treat analysis was performed, the multiple imputation method was employed to deal with missing data.

Results
In the study, it was found that there was a decrease in the MRS total score after the intervention in women in all three intervention groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05). In the laughter yoga group, total MRS scores decreased by 3.16 points (P < 0.05). In the acupressure group, total MRS scores decreased by 5.46 points (P < 0.05). In the mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program group, total MRS scores decreased by 4.65 points (P < 0.05). It was determined that the mean scores of women in the laughter yoga and acupressure groups on all subscales of the MENQOL decreased after the intervention compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The comparison of the MBSR group and the control group showed that there was a decrease only in the psychosocial domain subdimension of the MENQOL (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
In conclusion, it was determined that laughter yoga, acupressure, and MBSR could be effective in reducing menopause symptoms and improving quality of life, although findings require further testing in a rigorously controlled study and in a study with only a single prespecified outcome.
Analysis of the Radial Forearm Phalloplasty Donor Site: Do Dermal Matrices Improve Donor Site Morbidity?
Authors: Marquez Jessica L. , Nuckles Brandon , Tausinga Telisha , Foley Brittany , Sudbury Dallin , Sueoka Stephanie , Zang Chong , Lewis Priya , Goodwin Isak 
Published: September 2024

Background:
The radial forearm free flap is frequently chosen for phalloplasty; however, flap size required for phalloplasty is associated with a large scar burden and functional concerns. We sought to investigate donor site functionality, aesthetics, and volume deficits in a cohort of individuals who underwent radial forearm phalloplasty (RFP) with donor site skin grafting alone or dermal substitute and subsequent skin grafting.

Methods:
Donor site functionality was assessed using the quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (qDASH). Patient- and clinician-reported aesthetics were assessed using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS). An Artec Leo three-dimensional scanner was used to measure volumetric differences from the donor site forearm and contralateral forearm.

Results:
Fifteen patients who underwent RFP agreed to participate. No statistically significant differences were identified between different donor site closure methods regarding qDASH, patient-reported POSAS, or total volumetric deficits. A blinded clinician reported that POSAS approached significance at 4.7 for biodegradable temporizing matrix (BTM), 4.2 for Integra, and 3.0 for split-thickness skin graft (P = 0.05). No statistically significant differences were identified regarding distal, middle, or proximal volume deficits; however, a trend was observed regarding total volumetric deficits with BTM experiencing the lowest deficit (10.3 cm3) and skin graft experiencing the highest deficit (21.5 cm3, P = 0.82).

Conclusions:
The addition of dermal matrix (BTM or Integra) to the treatment algorithm for RFP did not show statistically significant improvement in donor site volume deficits, patient-reported scar appearance (POSAS), or functionality (qDASH).