bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of canine gonadal tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells for early myxomatous mitral valve disease
Authors: Jeung Soyoung , An Ju-Hyun , Kim Sung-Soo , Youn Hwa-Young 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThis study explored the potential efficacy and safety of therapy with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived from gonadal tissue to address the early stage of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD), the predominant cardiac condition in dogs.MethodsSixteen dogs diagnosed with MMVD B1 were enrolled in this trial and assigned to either a control group (control group, n = 10) or a group that received MSC derived from gonadal tissue (treatment group, n = 6). In the treatment group, allogeneic MSC derived from gonadal tissue (1 × 106 cells/kg) were intravenously administered at monthly intervals for five or more sessions. Data were compared at baseline and at the endpoint 1-year intervals. The efficacy was assessed using echocardiography, thoracic radiography, NT-proBNP, and the duration from B1 diagnosis to B2 transition to evaluate its effect on MMVD stage progression. Safety was evaluated through physical examinations, blood tests, imaging studies, and monitoring of adverse events.ResultsAfter 1 year of observation, the control group exhibited deteriorating echocardiographic parameters, whereas the treatment group displayed no substantial differences between baseline and endpoint measurements. Notably, a statistically significant disparity was noted in the left atrial diameter (p &lt; 0.05) and E-wave velocity (p &lt; 0.05) between the two groups, indicating a favorable impact of MSC derived from the gonadal tissue on left atrial pressure. Additionally, in contrast to the control group, the treatment group demonstrated delayed progression to MMVD stage B2, enabling them to prolong their disease duration without requiring cardiac medication (p = 0.038). In quality of life (QoL) metrics following MSC treatment, appetite showed a statistically significant improvement, increasing from 4 to 4.83 (p &lt; 0.05).DiscussionTreatment with gonadal tissue-derived MSCs significantly delayed MMVD stage progression, highlighting the broad potential of MSC derived from gonadal tissue for treating complex veterinary conditions.
Machine learning tools used for mapping some immunogenic epitopes within the major structural proteins of the bovine coronavirus (BCoV) and for the in silico design of the multiepitope-based vaccines
Authors: Duraisamy Nithyadevi , Khan Mohd Yasir , Shah Abid Ullah , Elalaoui Reda Nacif , Cherkaoui Mohammed , Hemida Maged Gomaa 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionBCoV is one of the significant causes of enteritis in young calves; it may also be responsible for many respiratory outbreaks in young calves. BCoV participates in the development of bovine respiratory disease complex in association with other bacterial pathogens. Our study aimed (1) to map the immunogenic epitopes (B and T cells) within the major BCoV structural proteins. These epitopes are believed to induce a robust immune response through the interaction with major histocompatibility complex (MHC class II) molecules (2) to design some novel BCoV multiepitope-based vaccines.Materials and MethodsThe goal is achieved through several integrated in silico prediction computational tools to map these epitopes within the major BCoV structural proteins. The final vaccine was constructed in conjugation with the Choleratoxin B toxin as an adjuvant. The tertiary structure of each vaccine construct was modeled through the AlphaFold2 tools. The constructed vaccine was linked to some immunostimulants such as Toll-like receptors (TLR2 and TLR4). We also predicted the affinity binding of these vaccines with this targeted protein using molecular docking. The stability and purity of each vaccine construct were assessed using the Ramachandran plot and the Z-score values. We created the in silico cloning vaccine constructs using various expression vectors through vector builder and Snap gene.Results and discussionThe average range of major BCoV structural proteins was detected within the range of 0.4 to 0.5, which confirmed their antigen and allergic properties. The binding energy values were detected between −7.9 and −9.4 eV and also confirmed their best interaction between our vaccine construct and Toll-like receptors. Our in silico cloning method expedited the creation of vaccine constructs and established a strong basis for upcoming clinical trials and experimental validations.ConclusionOur designed multiepitope vaccine candidates per each BCoV structural protein showed high antigenicity, immunogenicity, non-allergic, non-toxic, and high-water solubility. Further studies are highly encouraged to validate the efficacy of these novel BCoV vaccines in the natural host.
Spectrum of Ocular Tuberculosis in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Peshawar
Authors: Hafsa Bibi  , Fahad Zafar  , Mustafa Iqbal  , Shafiq Tanveer  , Faizan Luqman  
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To describe the spectrum of ocular tuberculosis (TB), highlight the difficulty in diagnosis and treatment of such cases encountered in a tertiary care hospital of Peshawar, Pakistan.
Study Design: Descriptive Case series.
Place and Duration of Study: Khyber teaching hospital MTI Peshawar from Jan 2021 till July 2022.
Methods: Eleven cases with Ocular tuberculosis are described. At presentation, complete history was taken and detailed examination was done including fundus examination and OCT macula. For diagnosis, a combination of Tuberculin skin test (TST) and Quantiferon-Gold was performed. On the basis of results of both tests Anti-TB treatment (ATT) was started and continued for an average of 9 months.
Results: This study highlights the diverse ocular manifestations of TB in patients, even without a known history of systemic disease. Among 11 patients, 3 presented with panuveitis, 6 with posterior uveitis, and 2 with serpiginous-like choroidopathy with uveitis. Notably, only 2 had a known history of systemic TB. The patients were treated primarily with Anti-Tuberculosis Therapy (ATT) along with steroids or other adjunct therapies. Most cases showed improved vision and stable disease post-treatment, with visual acuity ranging from 6/24 to 6/6. However, two patients were lost to follow-up, leaving their outcomes unknown.
Conclusion: In this case series, we explore different cases of Ocular Tuberculosis (OTB) seen at a busy hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan. There are variety of symptoms with which the patients present. The combined use of TST and Quantiferon-Gold proved an effective and affordable approach for diagnosis and timely initiation of ATT in ocular TB.
Comparison of Mean Surgically Induced Astigmatism in Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery Using Frown Vs Chevron Incision
Authors: Abdul Basit  , Mir Zaman  , Khan Bakht Danyal , Muhammad Abdullah  , Saud Abdur Rehman  
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To compare the mean surgically induced Astigmatism(SIA) in Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery (MSICS) using frown (inverted U) versus inverted V (chevron) incision.
Study Design: Quasi experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Hayatabad Medical Complex from 27th July 2018 to 27th January 2019.
Methods: This study included 148 patients who were distributed into the Frown group (F) and Chevron group (C) by convenient sampling. Each group had 74 patients through block operative randomization. To eliminate bias, all the surgeries were performed by one surgeon having more than 5 years’ experience of MSICS. Pre-operative and Post operative keratometric readings were taken. SIA calculator was utilized, and data was analyzed through SPSS 26. Means and standard deviation for continuous variables like age and surgically induced astigmatism were calculated.
Results: In Group F, mean surgically induced astigmatism was 1.14±0.65D and in Group C it was 0.87±0.55D. The independent T test revealed that the mean SIA was significantly lower in the Chevron group compared to the Frown group.The post operative visual acuities showed that the proportion of patients with postoperative 6/6 vision in the Chevron group was more as compared to group F.
Conclusion: Chevron (inverted V) incision induces less postoperative mean surgically induced astigmatism than Frown (inverted U) incision in Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery. These findings may have implications for cataract surgery techniques and may help in reducing postoperative astigmatism.
Serum MicroRNA-126-3p and Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor for Vision Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Surasmiati Ni Made Ayu , KetutSuega  , Wira Gotera  , Desak Made Wihandani  , I Made Winarsa Ruma  
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To investigate the precise function of miRNA-126-3p in controlling the expression of the VEGF gene and the signalling cascade that it is linked to in patients with type 2 diabetes Mellitus (DM).
Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.
Place and Duration of Study: Prof Ngoerah General Hospital as a tertiary hospital in Bali, Indonesia from January-April 2022
Methods: This study involved 35 vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR) and 30 non-VTDR patients of type 2 DM. After diagnosis of DR by vitreoretinal specialist, blood samples were drawn. Real-time polymerase chain reaction assays were performed to examine miRNA-126-3p and ELISA to detect VEGF. Continuous data were analyzed using median (minimum-maximum range) and categorical data were analyzed using percentages. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS for Windows version 25.0.Thedifference and relationship between the proportions were tested by the Chi-square test and logistic regression test.
Results: In case group, there were 23 subjects (65.7%) with low serum miRNA-126-3p expression, while in the control group, there were 7 subjects (23.3%) with low serum miRNA-126-3p expression (OR=6.3; 95% CI 2.1-18.86). In the case group, 20 individuals (57.1%) had high serum VEGF levels of 71.6 ng/L, whereas in the control group, there were 6 individuals (20.0%) with high serum VEGF levels. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (OR=5.33; 95% CI 1.75-16.3).
Conclusion: The miRNA-126-3p expression and serum VEGF levels are the risk factors for VTDR development in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Nd: YAG laser of Weiss Ring for the Treatment of Symptomatic Vitreous Floaters in Patients with Posterior Vitreous Detachment
Authors: Ghoghari Muhammad Kaunain , Razzak Hunain , Kamil Zeeshan , Rizvi Syed Fawad , Afsar Ali 
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To assess the effect of Nd: YAG laser vitreolysis of the Weiss ring in the management of symptomatic vitreous floaters in patients with posterior vitreous detachment in the outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital.
Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: This quasi-experimental trial was conducted in the out-patient department (OPD) of The Layton Rahmatullah Benevolent Trust (LRBT) Tertiary Teaching Eye Hospital, Korangi, Karachi from February 2023 to July 2023.
Methods: In this study, 75 eyes of 75 patients were selected using non-probability purposive sampling technique. Dilated fundus examination was performed and The National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire 25 (NEI VFQ-25) was used and compared pre and post Laser Floater Treatment (LFT).
Results: Out of 75 eyes, 65 patients were included in final analysis. Mean age was 54.63±4.1 years. Out of these, 69.2% were 48–56 years old and 56.9% were females. Mean number of shots were 160±15.53. Mean Pre-LFT, VFQ was 56±5.89 and post-LFT was 74±13.2. The mean difference pre versus post treatment was -18 units with p<0.001. Twenty patients complained of blurring of vision and one patient suffered mild retinal hemorrhage which resolved spontaneously, two patients were lost to follow up.
Conclusion: Nd: YAG laser vitreolysis of the Weiss ring can be a quick, and effective treatment option in patients suffering from symptoms of vitreous floaters after a posterior vitreous detachment. However, more trials with large number of patients and longer follow up durations are required for generalization of results.
Comparative Analysis of AI Chatbots ChatGPT, Gemini, and Copilot’s Answers to Common Cataract Questions
Authors: Guner Sonmezoglu Busra , Sonmezoglu Halil Ibrahim 
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To compare the readability and quality of the answers given by artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots to the twenty-five most frequent searches about cataracts on Google.
Study Design: Cross sectional comparative study.
Place and Duration of study: Serdivan State Hospital's Ophthalmology Department from March 2024 to April 2024.
Methods: The word 'Cataract' was entered into Google Trends, and 25 trending searches made worldwide since 2004 were identified. These 25 trending searches were entered separately into AI programs. The answers were examined for quality using the Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQIP) test, while the readability was evaluated using the Flesch-Kincaid Reading Ease (FKRE) and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL).
Results: The keywords searched most frequently were ‘Cataract surgery,’‘Eye cataract and 'After Cataract’. The EQIP category of all three AI chatbots was found to be 'serious quality issues.' When EQIP scores were compared, ChatGPT had a lower median value than Gemini and Copilot (p:0.001, p:0.007, respectively), while there was no significant difference between Gemini and Copilot (p:0.098). When FKRE values were compared, ChatGPT had a lower median value than Gemini and Copilot (p:0.001, p:0.001, respectively), with no significant difference between Gemini and Copilot (p:0.557). When FKGL values were compared, ChatGPT had a higher median value than Gemini and Copilot (p:0.003, p:0.001, respectively), with no significant difference between Gemini and Copilot(p:0.245).
Conclusion: All three AI chatbots had an EQIP category of 'serious issues with quality .'The readability of all three was not at the recommended level.
IMPROVING THE ACCURACY OF GASES HEAT CAPACITY CALCULATION
Authors: Китаев Д.Н. , Куцыгина О.А. 
Published: October 2024

При расчете и конструировании теплотехнических устройств точный расчет теплоемкости рабочего тела является первостепенной задачей, влияющей на значение количества теплоты и характеристики оборудования. В настоящее время продолжают использоваться подходы к вычислению теплоемкости, не обеспечивающие максимальной адекватности полученных результатов. Для метана, воздуха и водяного пара представлены аппроксимационные уравнения истинной изобарной теплоемкости от температуры в положительных диапазонах температур в виде полиномов преимущественно 8-й и 9-й степени, обеспечивающие максимальную точность аппроксимации. Полученные уравнения позволяют повысить точность инженерных расчетов, избежать ошибок, связанных с линейной аппроксимацией нелинейной функциональной зависимости теплоемкости от температуры.
When calculating and designing heat engineering devices, accurate calculation of the heat capacity of the working fluid is a primary task that affects the value of the amount of heat and the characteristics of the equipment. At present, approaches to calculating heat capacity that do not provide maximum adequacy of the results obtained continue to be used. For methane, air and water vapor, approximation equations of true isobaric heat capacity from temperature in positive temperature ranges are presented in the form of polynomials, mainly of the 8th and 9th degree, providing maximum accuracy of approximation. The obtained equations allow increasing the accuracy of engineering calculations, avoiding errors associated with the linear approximation of the nonlinear functional dependence of heat capacity on temperature.
Upaya Pencegahan Pernikahan Dini Meningkatkan Generasi Berkualitas di Lombok Timur (Studi Kasus UPTD PPA Lombok Timur)
Authors: Susilawati Ratna 
Published: October 2024

Pernikahan dini adalah pernikahan yang dilakukan oleh pasangan atau salah satu pasangan yang masih dikategorikan anak-anak atau remaja yang berusia dibawah 19 tahun. Menurut United Nations Childern’s Fund (UNICEF) menyatakan bahwa pernikahan usia dini adalah pernikahan yang dilaksanakan secara resmi atau tidak resmi yang dilakukan sebelum usia 18 tahun. Upaya mengurangi risiko pernikahan dini di Lombok Timur yaitu dengan memerintahkan kepada 254 kepala Desa di seluruh Kabupaten Lombok Timur tentang pencegahan pernikahan anak, sosialisasi kepada masyarakat, pembentukan satgas pencegahan pernikahan dini disetiap Kelurahan dan Desa, menerapkan wajib belajar 12 tahun, Bantuan beasiwa kepada siswa yang kurang mampu. Faktor penyebab terjadinya pernikahan dini yaitu faktor pendidikan, lingkungan, keluarga, ekonomi, individu, media masa. Dampak dari pernikahan dini itu sendiri yang pertama risiko bayi stunting, kematian ibu dan bayi, gangguan kesehatan, pernikahan tidak harmonis, kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, kemiskinan dan pendidikan terhambat.
Hematoma Hepático como Complicación de Síndrome de Hellp y Tirotoxicosis: Reporte de Caso
Authors: Rodríguez Pedraza Karina , Niño Garcia Marisol de Jesús 
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Enfatizar sobre la importancia de la sospecha de patologías poco frecuente y control de comorbilidades para poder prevenir o iniciar un manejo temprano de ellas. Caso Clínico: Paciente de 34 años con antecedentes de hipertiroidismo de cinco años de evolución, sin tratamiento. Ingresa a hospitalización con embarazo de 32 semanas de gestación en trabajo de parto en fase activa, posterior a su parto, se diagnostica preeclampsia con datos de severidad y síndrome de Hellp. Durante su puerperio presenta dolor abdominal y con base a estudios de imagen se encuentra hematoma hepático. Sin embargo, presenta tirotoxicosis y se decide tiroidectomía total para mejorar condiciones y realizar drenaje quirúrgico de hematoma hepático. Posteriormente, se recaba estudio de patología de tiroides reportando un carcinoma folicular invasor de tiroides, paciente con resolución exitosa de hematoma hepático, sin embargo, continúa en manejo con oncología médica por reporte histopatológico. Conclusiones: El hematoma hepático debe sospecharse en toda mujer embarazada o durante puerperio que curse con dolor abdominal y que además presente factores predisponentes como preeclampsia con datos de severidad, síndrome de Hellp y comorbilidades en descontrol; hacer búsqueda intencionada de este mediante estudios de imagen. La sospecha temprana evitará complicaciones, como la muerte materna.
Discovery of a Millisecond Pulsar Associated with Terzan 6
Authors: Gao Shi-Jie , Shao Yi-Xuan , Wang Pei , Zhou Ping , Li Xiang-Dong , Zhang Lei , Kania Joseph W. , Lorimer Duncan R. , Li Di 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Observations show that globular clusters (GCs) might be among the best places to find millisecond pulsars (MSPs). However, the GC Terzan 6 seems to be an exception without any pulsar discovered, although its high stellar encounter rate suggests that it harbors dozens of them. We report the discovery of the first radio pulsar, PSR J1750–3116A, likely associated with Terzan 6 in a search of C-band (4–8 GHz) data from the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope with a spin period of 5.33 ms and dispersion measure (DM) ≃ 383 pc cm−3. The mean flux density of this pulsar is approximately 3 μJy. The DM agrees well with predictions from the Galactic free electron density model, assuming a distance of 6.7 kpc for Terzan 6. PSR J1750–3116A is likely an isolated MSP, potentially formed through dynamical interactions, considering the core-collapsed classification and the exceptionally high stellar encounter rate of Terzan 6. This is the highest radio frequency observation that has led to the discovery of a pulsar in a GC to date. While L-band (1–2 GHz) observations of this cluster are unlikely to yield significant returns due to propagation effects, we predict that further pulsar discoveries in Terzan 6 will be made by existing radio telescopes at higher frequencies.
HYBRID ARCHITECTURE WITH IMPROVED SCORE LEVEL FUSION FOR PATIENT WAITING TIME PREDICTION
Authors: Varanasi Srinivas , Malathi K. 
Published: October 2024

Hospitals are overcrowded in proportion to the massive increase in population, making it difficult for hospitals to manage or arrange or shorten patient wait time during medical care. However, it is difficult to overstate the significance of patient waiting time management and predictability. In most of the hospitals, the clinical workflow is defined and driven by the patient queues. Predicting the incoming patients and waiting times has thus emerged as one of the most crucial clinical management techniques. Our proposed work aims to address the limitations of current waiting time prediction models by providing a more sophisticated, data-driven approach that can adapt to the complexities of healthcare environments. This work focuses on developing a new model for predicting the patient’s waiting time. The primary aim of this research is to create a reliable predictive model capable of accurately anticipating patient waiting times. This innovation aims to enhance both patient satisfaction and operational efficiency within healthcare settings. By offering healthcare administrators a tool to better manage patient flow, allocate resources efficiently, and minimize waiting times, this model seeks to optimize overall healthcare service delivery. The initial process carried out is pre-processing which includes data acquisition and improved [Formula: see text]-score normalization. Subsequently, entropy features, correlation features, and improved mutual information (MI) features are extracted. Then, prediction is carried out using hybrid classifier (HC) that involves a convolutional neural network (CNN) and bidirectional gated recurrent unit (Bi-GRU). Finally, improved score level fusion (ISLF) is introduced to get absolute outcomes on WTP. The analysis outcomes on varied error metrics show the efficacy of the proposed WTP model.
Infected right ventricular outflow tract pseudoaneurysm in an infant with tetralogy of Fallot: Successful palliation using a Gore VBX® covered stent
Authors: Peck Daniel E. , Gifford Hayley , Sinha Pranava , Richtsfeld Martina , Aggarwal Varun 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Pseudoaneurysm formation within the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is a rare but serious complication following cardiac surgeries involving the RVOT. This report presents the case of a 3-month-old, 4 kg infant with tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary atresia, previously treated with ventricular septal defect closure and right ventricle (RV)–pulmonary artery homograft placement. The patient presented critically ill with septic shock and suprasystemic RV pressure. A high-risk surgical approach was averted through the endovascular exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm using a Gore VBX® balloon expandable covered stent, in addition to stenting of bilateral proximal branch pulmonary arteries to alleviate RV hypertension. This case underscores the multifactorial nature of RVOT pseudoaneurysm formation and the importance of a high index of suspicion for diagnosis. Management options, including surgical and transcatheter strategies, are discussed, focusing on the successful use of a covered stent for stabilization in a critically ill patient.