bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorescence spectra, fluorescence quantum yield and dissociation constant of sarafloxacin
Authors: Li Tongtong , Liu Baosheng , Duan Shaotong , Cui Mengmeng 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn this study, the fluorescence spectra of sarafloxacin (SAR) under different pH conditions were investigated to determine the structural changes due to protonation that result from change in pH. At pH < 1.02, SAR exists in the H3L2+ form for which the maximum fluorescence emission wavelength was about 455 nm. At pH 1.87–4.94, SAR exists in the H2L+ form in which H3L2+ loses one proton in the nitrogen molecule at the 1‐position in the quinoline ring. Fluorescence intensity was strong and steady and the maximum emission wavelength was 458 nm. At pH 7.14–9.30, the maximum emission wavelengths were gradually blue shifted to 430 nm with increase in pH, here SAR exists in the form of a bipolar ion HL in which H2L+ loses a carboxyl group proton. At pH > 11.6, HL transforms into anionic L− in which HL loses one proton from the piperazine ring, leading to a decrease in fluorescence intensity, and the maximum emission wavelength was red shifted to approximately 466 nm. The two‐step dissociation constant pKa for SAR was calculated, pKa1 was 6.06 ± 0.37 and pKa2 for SAR was 10.53 ± 0.19. In a pH 3.62 buffer solution with quinine sulfate as the reference, the fluorescence quantum yield of SAR at the maximum excitation wavelength of 276 nm was 0.09.
Ex vivo culture of circulating tumor cells using magnetic force‐based coculture on a fibroblast feeder layer
Authors: Yamamoto Shuhei , Shimizu Kazunori , Fei Jiahui , Iwata Hiroji , Okochi Mina , Nakanishi Hayao , Honda Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPhenotype‐based analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is a promising approach to identification of new therapeutic targets and to elucidation of the biological properties. Nonetheless, ex vivo culturing of CTCs is still a technical challenge. Here, we develop a novel ex vivo culture method for CTCs using a fibroblast feeder layer and a magnetic coculture protocol. CTCs in the blood of a mouse metastasis model are labeled magnetically with magnetite nanoparticles. The labeled CTCs are isolated by a magnetic capture column and a size‐selective capture filter. The isolated CTCs are positioned on a fibroblast feeder layer by the magnetic force. As a result, we observe adhesion and proliferation of the CTCs under the conditions of the fibroblast feeder layer and the magnetic force, whereas no adhesion or proliferation is observed without the feeder layer. After that, we culture the CTCs and obtain three CTC‐derived cell lines. Using these cell lines, we perform phenotype‐based analyses of invasiveness and drug resistance and find that the CTC‐derived cell lines are more malignant than the original cells. Thus, the proposed method would be a promising approach to ex vivo culture of CTCs for phenotype‐based analysis, and possibly used in cancer treatment.
A droplet‐merging platform for comparative functional analysis of m1 and m2 macrophages in response to e. coli‐induced stimuli
Authors: Hondroulis Evangelia , Movila Alexandru , Sabhachandani Pooja , Sarkar Saheli , Cohen Noa , Kawai Toshihisa , Konry Tania 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTMicrofluidic droplets are used to isolate cell pairs and prevent crosstalk with neighboring cells, while permitting free motility and interaction within the confined space. Dynamic analysis of cellular heterogeneity in droplets has provided insights in various biological processes. Droplet manipulation methods such as fusion and fission make it possible to precisely regulate the localized environment of a cell in a droplet and deliver reagents as required. Droplet fusion strategies achieved by passive mechanisms preserve cell viability and are easier to fabricate and operate. Here, we present a simple and effective method for the co‐encapsulation of polarized M1 and M2 macrophages with Escherichia coli (E. coli) by passive merging in an integrated droplet generation, merging, and docking platform. This approach facilitated live cell profiling of effector immune functions in situ and quantitative functional analysis of macrophage heterogeneity. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 705–709. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The great importance of normalization of LC–MS data for highly‐accurate non‐targeted metabolomics
Authors: Mizuno Hajime , Ueda Kazuki , Kobayashi Yuta , Tsuyama Naohiro , Todoroki Kenichiro , Min Jun Zhe , Toyo'oka Toshimasa 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe non‐targeted metabolomics analysis of biological samples is very important to understand biological functions and diseases. LC combined with electrospray ionization‐based MS has been a powerful tool and widely used for metabolomic analyses. However, the ionization efficiency of electrospray ionization fluctuates for various unexpected reasons such as matrix effects and intraday variations of the instrument performances. To remove these fluctuations, normalization methods have been developed. Such techniques include increasing the sensitivity, separating co‐eluting components and normalizing the ionization efficiencies. Normalization techniques allow simultaneously correcting of the ionization efficiencies of the detected metabolite peaks and achieving quantitative non‐targeted metabolomics. In this review paper, we focused on these normalization methods for non‐targeted metabolomics by LC–MS.
Sensory reanimation of the hand by transfer of the superficial branch of the radial nerve to the median and ulnar nerve
Authors: Schenck Thilo L. , Lin Shenyu , Stewart Jessica K. , Koban Konstantin C. , Aichler Michaela , Rezaeian Farid , Giunta Riccardo E. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundIt remains a surgical challenge to treat high‐grade nerve injuries of the upper extremity. Extra‐anatomic reconstructions through the transfer of peripheral nerves have gained clinical importance over the past decades. This contribution outlines the anatomic and histomorphometric basis for the transfer of the superficial branch of the radial nerve (SBRN) to the median nerve (MN) and the superficial branch of the ulnar nerve (SBUN).MethodsThe SBRN, MN, and SBUN were identified in 15 specimens and the nerve transfer performed. A favorable site for coaptation was chosen and its location described using relevant anatomical landmarks. Histomorphometric characteristics of donor and target were compared to evaluate the chances of a clinical success.ResultsA suitable location for dissecting the SBRN was identified prior to its first bifurcation. Coaptations were possible near the pronator quadratus muscle, approximately 22 cm distal to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. The MN and SBUN had to be dissected interfasciculary over 82 ± 5.7 mm and 49 ± 5.5 mm, respectively. Histomorphometric analysis revealed sufficient donor‐to‐recipient axon ratios for both transfers and identified the SBRN as a suitable donor with high axon density.ConclusionOur anatomic and histomorphometric results indicate that the SBRN is a suitable donor for the MN and SBUN at wrist level. The measurements show feasibility of this procedure and shall help in planning this sensory nerve transfer. High axon density in the SBRN identifies it or its branches an ideal candidate for sensory reanimation of fingers and thumbs.
Organizational Visibility, Stakeholder Environmental Pressure and Corporate Environmental Responsiveness in China
Authors: Yu Jieqiong , Lo Carlos Wing‐Hung , Li Pansy Hon Ying 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis article investigates the relationship between organizational visibility and corporate environmental responsiveness in China. It also examines whether this relationship is mediated by stakeholder pressure, and whether the strength of the relationships among organizational visibility, stakeholder pressures and corporate environmental responsiveness is moderated by the type of enterprise ownership. Based on the responses from a survey involving 131 enterprises, this study suggests a potentially positive and significant correlation between organizational visibility and corporate environmental responsiveness in China. However, the study reveals surprisingly that stakeholder pressure for environmental improvements does not seem to account for the above correlation. Organizational visibility is found to be negatively associated with stakeholder pressure in the case of Chinese‐owned enterprises, and stakeholder pressure has no significant associations with corporate environmental responsiveness. In addition, the moderating effect of enterprise ownership is strongly evidenced, which provides important policy implications for developing effective mechanisms to stimulate environmental management practices. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
The Governance of Corporate Responses to Climate Change: An International Comparison
Authors: Sullivan Rory , Gouldson Andy 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn response to pressures from governments, investors, non‐governmental organizations and other stakeholders, many large corporations have adopted a variety of carbon and energy management practices, taken action to reduce their emissions and set targets to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. Using the case of international retailers, this article examines whether, and under what conditions, non‐state actors might be capable of assuming the governance roles that have historically been played by national governments.This article concludes that external governance pressures can, if they are aligned, robust and of sufficient duration, have a significant influence on internal governance processes and on corporate strategies and actions. However, the specific actions that are taken by companies – in particular those that require significant capital investments – are constrained by the ‘business case’. That is, companies will generally only invest capital in situations when there is a clear financial case (i.e. where the benefits outweigh the costs, when the rate of return meets or exceeds company targets) for action.That is, the extent to which external governance pressures can force companies to take action, in particular challenging or transformative actions that go beyond the boundaries of the business case, is not at all clear. This is particularly the case if the business case weakens, or if the opportunities for incremental change are exhausted. In that context, the power of non‐state actors to force them to consider radical changes in their business processes and their use of energy therefore seems to be very limited. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Business Strategy and the Environment published by ERP Environment and John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Risk of skeletal related events among elderly prostate cancer patients by site of metastasis at diagnosis
Authors: Hussain Arif , Aly Abdalla , Daniel Mullins C. , Qian Yi , Arellano Jorge , Onukwugha Eberechukwu 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to estimate the risk of developing skeletal‐related events (SREs) based on site of metastasis at diagnosis and identify other predictors of developing SREs among metastatic prostate cancer patients. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using linked SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) and Medicare data and identified men over the age of 65 with incident metastatic prostate cancer diagnosed during 2005–2009. SREs included radiation (RAD), pathological fractures (PF), bone surgery (BS), and spinal cord compression (SCC). The association between site of metastasis at diagnosis and SRE was examined using a Cox proportional hazards model that accounts for death as a competing risk. Among 4404 men (median age: 79 years) with incident metastatic prostate cancer, 44% experienced SREs at a median of 9.6 months post diagnosis. Compared to bone metastasis only, our model showed that patients were significantly less likely to develop SREs if they had LN‐only metastasis at diagnosis (Sub‐Hazard Ratio [SHR] 0.56; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.43–0.72) or unknown site of metastasis (SHR: 0.79; CI: 0.64–0.97). Other predictors of reduced SRE risk were age 80+ years (SHR: 0.83; CI: 0.75–0.91), non‐Hispanic Black (SHR: 0.77; CI: 0.65–0.90), or being diagnosed in year 2009 (SHR: 0.85; CI: 0.72–0.99). Patients were significantly more likely to develop SREs if they received androgen deprivation therapy (SHR: 1.73; CI: 1.48–2.02) or had Gleason score 8–10 disease (SHR: 0.79; CI: 0.64–0.97). Compared to patients who present with bone metastasis only at diagnosis, patients presenting with other metastatic sites have similar risk of developing SREs, with the exception of those presenting with lymph node only metastasis who have a significantly reduced risk of SREs.
Sodium channel blockade unmasked Brugada electrocardiographic pattern in a patient with complete right bundle branch block and early repolarization in the lateral leads
Authors: Konishi Shozo , Minamiguchi Hitoshi , Okuyama Yuji , Sakata Yasushi 
Published: October 2016

Key Clinical MessageEarly repolarization syndrome (ERS) and Brugada syndrome (BrS) share many electrocardiographic and clinical features, and recently have been collectively grouped as J wave syndrome. However, the effects of sodium channel blockers on the J waves differ greatly between ERS and BrS.
Live birth in a 46‐year‐old woman using microdose GnRH agonist flare‐up protocol combined with GnRH antagonist: a case report
Authors: Zhang Hong , Liu Ya‐Qiong , Lu Guang‐Xiu , Gong Fei 
Published: October 2016

Key Clinical MessageFew successful pregnancies after age 45 years with low ovarian reserve have been reported. We report a 46‐year‐old woman with basal FSH 20.36 mIU/mL and an antral follicle count of four obtained two embryos and delivered a healthy infant with IVF using a microdose GnRH‐a flare‐up protocol combined with GnRH‐ant.
Myopotential oversensing notified by Lead Integrity Alert in a patient with implantable cardioverter defibrillator with a dedicated bipolar epicardial sensing lead
Authors: Yazaki Kyoichiro , Ajiro Yoichi , Hasegawa Shun , Watanabe Masahiro , Tsukamoto Kei , Mizobuchi Keiko , Saito Takashi , Mori Fumiaki , Iwade Kazunori 
Published: October 2016

Key Clinical MessageAlthough myopotential oversensing by a dedicated bipolar lead is rare, an epicardial lead on a dilated ventricle might contribute to its sensitivity. Myopotential oversensing was notified by the Lead Integrity Alert in this case. We should be aware of this possibility for the management of such patients.
Multiple primary cutaneous plasmacytoma a decade after a nasal solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma: a puzzling case
Authors: González‐Calle Verónica , Jorge‐Finnigan Conrado , Santos‐Durán Juan Carlos , López‐Cadenas Felix , Ocio Enrique María , García‐Sanz Ramón , Santos‐Briz Ángel , Fernández‐López Emilia , San Miguel Jesús , Mateos María‐Victoria , Román‐Curto Concha 
Published: October 2016

Key Clinical MessagePrimary cutaneous plasmacytoma should be in the differential diagnosis in case of solitary or multiple erythematous–violaceous nodules or papules. The diagnosis relies on clinical, histological, and immunochemical findings, without underlying evidence of multiple myeloma. Treatment should be individualized, and agents such as bortezomib or lenalidomide have shown to be effective.
Abdominal epilepsy, an uncommon cause of chronic and recurrent abdominal pain: a case report
Authors: Mpondo Bonaventura C. T. , Mwasada Godfrey , Nyundo Azan A. 
Published: October 2016

Key Clinical MessageAbdominal epilepsy is an uncommon cause of paroxysmal abdominal pain. It is relatively common in children, but very rare in adults. We report a case of 38‐year‐old, who reported with recurrent abdominal pain for 2 years. Electroencephalography confirmed the diagnosis; he responded well to carbamazepine and remains symptom‐free on follow‐up.
Palmar rash in a teenager: more than meets the eye
Authors: Sousa Rodrigo , Contreiras Marta , Costa Lima Sofia , Oom Paulo 
Published: October 2016

Key Clinical MessageDespite being an uncommon disease in pediatrics, the incidence of syphilis has increased in the last years both in Europe and in the United States. Upon a suggestive clinical presentation, especially if including genital lesions and palmar rash, secondary syphilis must be included in the differential diagnosis.
A case of central diabetes insipidus associated with cardiac dysfunction
Authors: Ohara Nobumasa , Kaneko Masanori , Suwabe Tatsuya , Yoshie Tasuku , Kuwano Hiroyuki , Ebe Katsuya , Fujita Toshio , Fuse Koichi , Kaneko Kenzo , Kamoi Kyuzi 
Published: October 2016

Key Clinical MessageCentral diabetes insipidus (CDI) results from a deficiency of arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion. It is treated by replacement therapy with the synthetic AVP analogue desmopressin. To prevent heart failure in patients with CDI accompanied by cardiac dysfunction, controlling sodium and water intake is essential, using the minimum effective dose of desmopressin.
Cobalt/Nitrogen‐Doped Porous Carbon Nanosheets Derived from Polymerizable Ionic Liquids as Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Gao Jian , Ma Na , Zheng Yumei , Zhang Jiafeng , Gui Jianzhou , Guo Chunkai , An Huiqin , Tan Xiaoyao , Yin Zhen , Ma Ding 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDevelopment of efficient catalysts with low cost for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) has been a long‐term pursuit because of their vital role in renewable‐energy technologies including fuel cells and water splitting. Herein, based on polymerizable ionic liquids (PILs) functionalized with nitrate groups as pore former and precursor of C and N, a facile one‐pot thermal treatment method was developed to construct a hybrid electrocatalyst consisting of earth‐abundant materials, which was made of Co‐based nanoparticles (NPs) grown on 2 D N‐doped and macroporous carbon nanosheets (pCNs) of approximately 20–50 nm thickness, that is, Co–N‐pCNs. The obtained Co–N‐pCNs catalyst manifests enhanced catalytic performance for both ORR and OER, even compared with the best‐known commercial catalysts, such as Pt/C and IrO2. The enhanced catalytic activity arises from the 2 D nanosheets and porous structures, well‐dispersed Co‐based NPs on the carbon sheets, the introduction of electron‐rich nitrogen, and the stability by the carbon protection of Co‐based NPs between the interlayers of nanosheets. Our present work supplies a novel opportunity for exploring 2 D non‐precious‐metal catalysts for ORR and OER.
Modeling and Simulation of Hydrodynamic Bubble‐Liquid Turbulent Flows in Bubble‐Column Reactors
Authors: Li Xiangli , Li Guohui 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBubble dispersion characteristics play an important role in heat and mass transfer of bubble‐liquid two‐phase turbulent flows in bubble‐column reactors. In order to quantitatively describe the influence of operation conditions and sparger design on two‐phase turbulent hydrodynamics in terms of a computational fluid dynamics approach, a second‐order moment bubble‐liquid two‐phase turbulent model was developed to predict the effects of superficial gas velocity, liquid and gas density, liquid dynamic viscosity, and sparger nozzle configuration on bubble‐liquid hydrodynamics, e.g., bubble volume fraction, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent kinetic energy dissipation. Bubble dispersion behavior was found to be a complex function of industrial operations and sparger configuration parameters.
Strategy Elements for a Sustainable Bioenergy Policy Based on Scenarios and Systems Modeling: Germany as Example
Authors: Thrän Daniela , Arendt Oliver , Banse Martin , Braun Julian , Fritsche Uwe , Gärtner Sven , Hennenberg Klaus J. , Hünneke Katja , Millinger Markus , Ponitka Jens , Rettenmaier Nils , Schaldach Rüdiger , Schüngel Jan , Wern Bernhard , Wolf Verena 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBioenergy is an important renewable energy carrier with uncertainties in future development due to sustainability issues. Its further development requires a robust bioenergy strategy on a national level. To provide these strategy elements, a dedicated approach was developed, which includes a new modeling framework, an impact assessment, and stakeholder involvement. Demonstrating the approach on the example of Germany, four bioenergy utilization scenarios for a period up to 2050 have been assessed using seven indicators that cover aspects from local infrastructure to global food security. The devised strategy elements address the national and international feedstock supply, promising fields of utilization, and appropriate frame conditions. The results coherently focus on a wide range of policy fields, which has not been possible in the past.
Design of PdAg Hollow Nanoflowers through Galvanic Replacement and Their Application for Ethanol Electrooxidation
Authors: Bin Duan , Yang Beibei , Zhang Ke , Wang Caiqin , Wang Jin , Zhong Jiatai , Feng Yue , Guo Jun , Du Yukou 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn this study, galvanic replacement provides a simple route for the synthesis of PdAg hollow nanoflower structures by using the Ag‐seeds as sacrificial templates in the presence of l‐ascorbic acid (reductant) and CTAC (capping agent). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and EDS mapping were used to characterize the as‐prepared PdAg hollow nanoflower catalysts, where they were alloyed nanoflower structures with hollow interiors. By maneuvering the Pd/Ag ratio, we found that the as‐prepared Pd1Ag3 hollow nanoflower catalysts had the optimized performance for catalytic activity toward ethanol oxidation reaction. Moreover, these as‐prepared PdAg hollow nanoflower catalysts exhibited noticeably higher electrocatalytic activity as compared to pure Pd and commercial Pd/C catalysts due to the alloyed Ag–Pd composition as well as the hollow nanoflower structures. It is anticipated that this work provides a rational design of other architecturally controlled bimetallic nanocrystals for application in fuel cells.
Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Biology of Podophyllotoxins
Authors: Yu Xiang , Che Zhiping , Xu Hui 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPodophyllotoxin and its related aryltetralin cyclolignans belong to a family of important products that exhibit various biological properties (e.g., cytotoxic, insecticidal, antifungal, antiviral, anti‐inflammatory, neurotoxic, immunosuppressive, antirheumatic, antioxidative, antispasmogenic, and hypolipidemic activities). This Review provides a survey of podophyllotoxin and its analogues isolated from plants. In particular, recent developments in the elegant total chemical synthesis, structural modifications, biosynthesis, and biotransformation of podophyllotoxin and its analogues are summarized. Moreover, a deoxypodophyllotoxin‐based chemosensor for selective detection of mercury ion is described. In addition to the most active podophyllotoxin derivatives in each series against human cancer cell lines and insect pests listed in the tables, the structure–activity relationships of podophyllotoxin derivatives as cytotoxic and insecticidal agents are also outlined. Future prospects and further developments in this area are covered at the end of the Review. We believe that this Review will provide necessary information for synthetic, medicinal, and pesticidal chemistry researchers who are interested in the chemistry and biology of podophyllotoxins.