bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lateral multilayer/monolayer MoS2 heterojunction for high performance photodetector applications
Authors: Sun Mengxing , Xie Dan , Sun Yilin , Li Weiwei , Teng Changjiu , Xu Jianlong 
Published: June 2017

AbstractInspired by the unique, thickness-dependent energy band structure of 2D materials, we study the electronic and optical properties of the photodetector based on the as-exfoliated lateral multilayer/monolayer MoS2 heterojunction. Good gate-tunable current-rectifying characteristics are observed with a rectification ratio of 103 at Vgs = 10 V, which may offer an evidence on the existence of the heterojunction. Upon illumination from ultraviolet to visible light, the multilayer/monolayer MoS2 heterojunction shows outstanding photodetective performance, with a photoresponsivity of 103 A/W, a photosensitivity of 1.7 × 105 and a detectivity of 7 × 1010 Jones at 470 nm light illumination. Abnormal photoresponse under positive gate voltage is observed and analyzed, which indicates the important role of the heterojunction in the photocurrent generation process. We believe that these results contribute to a better understanding on the fundamental physics of band alignment for multilayer/monolayer MoS2 heterojunction and provide us a feasible solution for novel electronic and optoelectronic devices.
Coherent soft X-ray diffraction imaging of coliphage PR772 at the Linac coherent light source
Authors: Reddy Hemanth K.N. , Yoon Chun Hong , Aquila Andrew , Awel Salah , Ayyer Kartik , Barty Anton , Berntsen Peter , Bielecki Johan , Bobkov Sergey , Bucher Maximilian , Carini Gabriella A. , Carron Sebastian , Chapman Henry , Daurer Benedikt , DeMirci Hasan , Ekeberg Tomas , Fromme Petra , Hajdu Janos , Hanke Max Felix , Hart Philip , Hogue Brenda G. , Hosseinizadeh Ahmad , Kim Yoonhee , Kirian Richard A. , Kurta Ruslan P. , Larsson Daniel S.D. , Duane Loh N. , Maia Filipe R.N.C. , Mancuso Adrian P. , Mühlig Kerstin , Munke Anna , Nam Daewoong , Nettelblad Carl , Ourmazd Abbas , Rose Max , Schwander Peter , Seibert Marvin , Sellberg Jonas A. , Song Changyong , Spence John C.H. , Svenda Martin , Van der Schot Gijs , Vartanyants Ivan A. , Williams Garth J. , Xavier P. Lourdu 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSingle-particle diffraction from X-ray Free Electron Lasers offers the potential for molecular structure determination without the need for crystallization. In an effort to further develop the technique, we present a dataset of coherent soft X-ray diffraction images of Coliphage PR772 virus, collected at the Atomic Molecular Optics (AMO) beamline with pnCCD detectors in the LAMP instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source. The diameter of PR772 ranges from 65–70 nm, which is considerably smaller than the previously reported ~600 nm diameter Mimivirus. This reflects continued progress in XFEL-based single-particle imaging towards the single molecular imaging regime. The data set contains significantly more single particle hits than collected in previous experiments, enabling the development of improved statistical analysis, reconstruction algorithms, and quantitative metrics to determine resolution and self-consistency.
The Nature of Error Consistency in Individuals With Acquired Apraxia of Speech and Aphasia
Authors: Bislick Lauren , McNeil Malcolm , Spencer Kristie A. , Yorkston Kathryn , Kendall Diane L. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The primary characteristics used to define acquired apraxia of speech (AOS) have evolved to better reflect a disorder of motor planning/programming. However, there is debate regarding the feature of relatively consistent error location and type.

Method
Ten individuals with acquired AOS and aphasia and 11 individuals with aphasia without AOS participated in this study. In the context of a 2-group experimental design, error consistency was examined via 5 repetitions of 30 multisyllabic words. The influence of error rate, severity of impairment, and stimulus presentation condition (blocked vs. random) on error consistency was also explored, as well as between-groups differences in the types of errors produced.

Results
Groups performed similarly on consistency of error location; however, adults with AOS demonstrated greater variability of error type in a blocked presentation condition only. Stimulus presentation condition, error rate, and severity of impairment did not influence error consistency in either group. Groups differed in the production of phonetic errors (e.g., sound distortions) but not phonemic errors.

Conclusions
Overall, findings do not support relatively consistent errors as a differentiating characteristic of AOS.
Jaw Rotation in Dysarthria Measured With a Single Electromagnetic Articulography Sensor
Authors: Berry Jeff , Kolb Andrew , Schroeder James , Johnson Michael T. 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThis study evaluated a novel method for characterizing jaw rotation using orientation data from a single electromagnetic articulography sensor. This method was optimized for clinical application, and a preliminary examination of clinical feasibility and value was undertaken.MethodThe computational adequacy of the single-sensor orientation method was evaluated through comparisons of jaw-rotation histories calculated from dual-sensor positional data for 16 typical talkers. The clinical feasibility and potential value of single-sensor jaw rotation were assessed through comparisons of 7 talkers with dysarthria and 19 typical talkers in connected speech.ResultsThe single-sensor orientation method allowed faster and safer participant preparation, required lower data-acquisition costs, and generated less high-frequency artifact than the dual-sensor positional approach. All talkers with dysarthria, regardless of severity, demonstrated jaw-rotation histories with more numerous changes in movement direction and reduced smoothness compared with typical talkers.ConclusionsResults suggest that the single-sensor orientation method for calculating jaw rotation during speech is clinically feasible. Given the preliminary nature of this study and the small participant pool, the clinical value of such measures remains an open question. Further work must address the potential confound of reduced speaking rate on movement smoothness.
Acquired Apraxia of Speech: The Relationship Between Awareness of Errors in Word Productions and Treatment Outcomes
Authors: Mauszycki Shannon C. , Bailey Dallin J. , Wambaugh Julie L. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
Awareness of errors has been considered a clinical feature of acquired apraxia of speech (AOS). However, there is limited research examining error awareness in speakers with AOS. The purpose of this investigation was to examine awareness of errors and explore the relationship between awareness of errors and treatment outcomes in speakers with AOS.

Method
Twenty speakers with AOS and aphasia produced mono- and multisyllabic words in a repetition task. Following each production, speakers were asked to judge the accuracy of their production (i.e., correct or incorrect). Then, speakers received Sound Production Treatment.

Results

Judgment accuracy of productions for the group ranged from 20% to 96%. There was a weak relationship between judgment accuracy and probe performance at posttreatment (
r
= .47) and a moderate relationship between judgment accuracy and probe performance at follow-up (
r
= .53).

Conclusion
Findings indicate that speakers with AOS varied in their ability to judge the accuracy of their productions. For some speakers, the ability to judge the accuracy of their productions did not coincide with their production accuracy of treatment stimuli at posttreatment and at follow-up. Further research is needed to explore the relationship between error awareness and treatment outcomes.
Speech Motor Sequence Learning: Effect of Parkinson Disease and Normal Aging on Dual-Task Performance
Authors: Whitfield Jason A. , Goberman Alexander M. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
Everyday communication is carried out concurrently with other tasks. Therefore, determining how dual tasks interfere with newly learned speech motor skills can offer insight into the cognitive mechanisms underlying speech motor learning in Parkinson disease (PD). The current investigation examines a recently learned speech motor sequence under dual-task conditions.

Method
A previously learned sequence of 6 monosyllabic nonwords was examined using a dual-task paradigm. Participants repeated the sequence while concurrently performing a visuomotor task, and performance on both tasks was measured in single- and dual-task conditions.

Results
The younger adult group exhibited little to no dual-task interference on the accuracy and duration of the sequence. The older adult group exhibited variability in dual-task costs, with the group as a whole exhibiting an intermediate, though significant, amount of dual-task interference. The PD group exhibited the largest degree of bidirectional dual-task interference among all the groups.

Conclusions
These data suggest that PD affects the later stages of speech motor learning, as the dual-task condition interfered with production of the recently learned sequence beyond the effect of normal aging. Because the basal ganglia is critical for the later stages of motor sequence learning, the observed deficits may result from the underlying neural dysfunction associated with PD.
A Rare Complication of TEVAR Performed for Complex Acute Stanford B Aortic Dissection
Authors: Awad George , Zardo Patrick , Baraki Hassina , Kutschka Ingo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractManagement of aortic dissection with a novel endovascular technique known as thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) paired with surgical debranching as a less invasive alternative to conventional repair has gained widespread acceptance. However, experience for complicated, Stanford type B dissection involving the aortic arch is still limited.
Ethics and Brain Death in Pediatrics: Recent Controversy and Practical Suggestions
Authors: Galbraith Kyle , Brothers Kyle , Bibler Trevor 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWho decides when a child is dead? The story of Jahi McMath has brought this question into focus for pediatric intensivists, ethicists, and the American public. In this article, we address this question by arguing that medical professionals do not have an obligation to acquiesce when families insist upon postmortem therapies. To do so may harm the dignity of the child by subjecting him or her to procedures that objectify the body, damage the child's reputation, and violate his or her privacy. Applying this answer to the real world of pediatric intensive care, we suggest practices meant to preserve the dignity of the child while accepting that the family is struggling to understand the tragedy. Muddled communication or an unyielding attitude will fail to help the family understand and cope with the death of their young loved one. Clear and honest communication—in conjunction with an empathetic disposition—can improve pre- and postmortem care for both patient and family.
Fatal ulcerative enteritis of the small intestine in a patient with ulcerative colitis treated with vedolizumab
Authors: Monasterio Carmen , Schmitt-Gräff Annette , Pohl Matthias , Truschel Thomas , Warnatz Klaus , Kreisel Wolfgang , Thimme Robert , Hasselblatt Peter 
Published: June 2017

AbstractVedolizumab (VDZ) inhibits α4β7 integrins and is used to target intestinal immune responses in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, which is considered to be relatively safe. Here we report on a fatal complication following VDZ administration. A 64-year-old female patient with ulcerative colitis (UC) refractory to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors was treated with VDZ. One week after the second VDZ infusion, she was admitted to hospital with severe diarrhea and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Blood stream infections were ruled out, and endoscopy revealed extensive ulcerations of the small intestine covered with pseudomembranes, reminiscent of invasive candidiasis or mesenteric ischemia. Histology confirmed subtotal destruction of small intestinal epithelia and colonization with Candida. Moreover, small mesenteric vessels were occluded by hyaline thrombi, likely as a result of SIRS, while perfusion of large mesenteric vessels was not compromised. Beta-D-glucan concentrations were highly elevated, and antimycotic therapy was initiated for suspected invasive candidiasis but did not result in any clinical benefit. Given the non-responsiveness to anti-infective therapies, an autoimmune phenomenon was suspected and immunosuppressive therapy was escalated. However, the patient eventually died from multi-organ failure. This case should raise the awareness for rare but severe complications related to immunosuppressive therapy, particularly in high risk patients.
Functional selectivity for face processing in the temporal voice area of early deaf individuals
Authors: Benetti Stefania , van Ackeren Markus J. , Rabini Giuseppe , Zonca Joshua , Foa Valentina , Baruffaldi Francesca , Rezk Mohamed , Pavani Francesco , Rossion Bruno , Collignon Olivier 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Here, we show that deaf individuals activate a specific and discrete subregion of the temporal cortex, typically selective to voices in hearing people, for visual face processing. This reorganized “voice” region participates in face identity processing and responds selectively to faces early in time, suggesting that this area becomes an integral part of the face network in early deaf individuals. Observing that face processing selectively colonizes a region of the hearing brain that is functionally related to identity processing evidences the intrinsic constraints imposed to cross-modal plasticity. Our work therefore supports the view that, even if brain components modify their sensory tuning in case of deprivation, they maintain a relation to the computational structure of the problems they solve.
Chimpanzee super strength and human skeletal muscle evolution
Authors: O’Neill Matthew C. , Umberger Brian R. , Holowka Nicholas B. , Larson Susan G. , Reiser Peter J. 
Published: June 2017

SignificanceChimpanzee “super strength” has been widely reported since the 1920s although a critical review of the available data suggests that the chimpanzee–human muscular performance differential is only ∼1.5 times. Some hypothesize that this differential reflects underlying differences in muscle mechanics. Here, we present direct measurements of chimpanzee skeletal muscle properties in comparison with those of humans and other terrestrial mammals. Our results show that chimpanzee muscle exceeds human muscle in maximum dynamic force and power output by ∼1.35 times. This is primarily due to the chimpanzee’s higher fast-twitch fiber content, rather than exceptional maximum isometric force or maximum shortening velocities. We suggest that muscular performance capabilities declined during hominin evolution in response to selection for repetitive, low-cost contractile behavior.
Constrained sampling experiments reveal principles of detection in natural scenes
Authors: Sebastian Stephen , Abrams Jared , Geisler Wilson S. 
Published: June 2017

Significance
The visibility of a target object may be affected by the specific properties of the background scene at and near the target’s location, and by how uncertain the observer is (from one occasion to the next) about the values of the background and target properties. An experimental technique was used to measure how several background properties, and uncertainty, affect human detection thresholds for target objects in natural scenes. The thresholds varied in a highly lawful fashion—multidimensional Weber’s law—that is predicted directly from the statistical structure of natural scenes. The results suggest that the neural gain control mechanisms underlying multidimensional Weber’s law evolved because they are optimal for detection in natural scenes under conditions of high uncertainty.
DNA cytoskeleton for stabilizing artificial cells
Authors: Kurokawa Chikako , Fujiwara Kei , Morita Masamune , Kawamata Ibuki , Kawagishi Yui , Sakai Atsushi , Murayama Yoshihiro , Nomura Shin-ichiro M. , Murata Satoshi , Takinoue Masahiro , Yanagisawa Miho 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Although liposomes and lipid droplets have been used for numerous applications, the fragility of the lipid membrane causes an unintentional collapse, which is problematic for advanced applications. To solve this problem, we constructed an artificial cytoskeleton with DNA nanotechnology (a DNA cytoskeleton). The DNA cytoskeleton is a DNA network formed underneath the membrane of positively charged lipids through electrostatic interactions without the need for special handling. The DNA cytoskeleton significantly improves mechanical stability and, therefore, confers tolerance against osmotic shock to liposomes like the cytoskeleton in live cells. Because of its biocompatibility and the easiness of implementing design changes, the DNA cytoskeleton could become a tool for great stabilizer of liposomes and lipid droplets.
Grc3 programs the essential endoribonuclease Las1 for specific RNA cleavage
Authors: Pillon Monica C. , Sobhany Mack , Borgnia Mario J. , Williams Jason G. , Stanley Robin E. 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Ribonucleases are molecular scissors that catalyze the cleavage of RNA phosphodiester bonds and play essential roles in RNA processing and maturation. Precursor ribosomal RNA (rRNA) must be processed by several ribonucleases, including the endonuclease Las1, in a carefully orchestrated manner to generate the mature ribosomal subunits. Las1 is essential for cell viability, and mutations in the mammalian gene have been linked with human disease, underscoring the importance of this enzyme. Here, we show that, on its own, Las1 has weak activity; however, when associated with its binding partner, the polynucleotide kinase Grc3, Las1 is programmed to efficiently cleave pre-rRNA at the C2 site. Together, Grc3 and Las1 assemble into a higher-order complex exquisitely primed for cleavage and phosphorylation of RNA.
MinE conformational dynamics regulate membrane binding, MinD interaction, and Min oscillation
Authors: Park Kyung-Tae , Villar Maria T. , Artigues Antonio , Lutkenhaus Joe 
Published: June 2017

Significance
The Min system is a well-studied biological oscillator that consists of MinC, MinD, and MinE. MinE assembles into a ring that drives a pole-to-pole oscillation of the FtsZ antagonist MinC/MinD to ensure positioning of the Z ring at midcell. To do this, MinE undergoes a remarkable conformational switch, but how it does this is not clear. Here, we use intragenic suppressors of a MinE mutant along with hydrogen–deuterium exchange to elicit the pathway for the conformational switch. The results lead to a multistep model that involves MinD and engenders an appreciation for how the MinE structure is fine-tuned to switch between a form that diffuses in the cytoplasm and a form that binds the membrane and, ultimately, MinD.
Cryo-EM structure of the DNA-PK holoenzyme
Authors: Sharif Humayun , Li Yang , Dong Yuanchen , Dong Liyi , Wang Wei Li , Mao Youdong , Wu Hao 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Double-stranded DNA breaks pose a serious threat to the survival of cells. Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) is a crucial DNA repair pathway in which the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) complex, a key holoenzyme consisting of the Ku70/80 heterodimer and the catalytic subunit DNA-PKcs, senses DNA breaks and initiates the NHEJ repair pathway. Here, we present cryo-EM structures of the DNA-PK complex. Together with previous structural and biochemical studies, our structures lead to a partial model for the interactions between DNA-PKcs and the Ku70/80 complex, and reveal how the DNA-PK complex may bring free ends of damaged DNA for repair.
Neural mechanism for hypothalamic-mediated autonomic responses to light during migraine
Authors: Noseda Rodrigo , Lee Alice J. , Nir Rony-Reuven , Bernstein Carolyn A. , Kainz Vanessa M. , Bertisch Suzanne M. , Buettner Catherine , Borsook David , Burstein Rami 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Many migraineurs report that their need to avoid light is driven mainly by how unpleasant it makes them feel. Seeking to understand why light is unpleasant, we show here that light can trigger the perception of chest tightness, shortness of breath, light-headedness, dry mouth, irritability, sadness, and fear (among other aversive symptoms identified), and that these perceptions are mediated by newly described neuronal pathways through which electrical signals generated by light travel from the eye through the hypothalamus to neurons that regulate autonomic functions and emotions. We conclude that the aversive nature of light during migraine is more complex than its association with headache intensification.
“My life has changed forever!”
Authors: Vásquez Camilla 
Published: June 2017

AbstractNew parodic genres have emerged across diverse forms of digital media. Sometimes these parodies take the form of mock “narratives of personal experience,” with authors drawing on a range of discursive resources to perform particular identities and in doing so, to create texts written from imagined perspectives. In this article, I focus on parodies of user-generated product reviews onAmazon. For over a decade,Amazonusers have contributed thousands of parodies of reviews written about real products. This analysis focuses on a sample from a data set of 100 parodicAmazonreviews written about five different products (which have become the targets of a large number of parody reviews), and demonstrates how authors perform self-disclosure to construct fictional personae. I demonstrate how these discursively-constructed narrative identities are central to the ensuing and improbable narrative events represented in the parodic texts.
Narratives of memories and dialogue in multicultural classrooms
Authors: Baraldi Claudio , Iervese Vittorio 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper presents the analysis of a series of workshops conducted in Italian multicultural classrooms, involving children aged 9–12. The workshops were based on the collection of photos representing the children’s memory and were designed to enhance dialogic facilitation of narratives in the classroom. Starting from the collected photos, a facilitator promoted the interactional production of narratives of memory and identity. The workshops were entirely video-recorded for purposes of analysis. First of all, the paper presents the theoretical background of the analysis, including the concepts of narratives, memory, social use of photography, facilitation of children’s agency, and intercultural communication. Secondly, it includes one example of the analysis conducted on the basis of the transcripts of the video-recorded workshops showing the ways in which narratives of children’s memory have been facilitated during the workshops.
Expressing place in children’s literature
Authors: Čermáková Anna , Chlumská Lucie 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Place, as one of the most basic semantic categories, plays an important role in children’s literature. This contrastive corpus-based study aims to examine and compare how place, in its widest sense, is expressed in children’s literature in English and Czech. The study is data driven and the main methodological approach taken is through n-gram extraction. At the same time, it aims to further test the method, which in previous applications in contrastive analysis has raised a number of methodological issues: while giving reassuring results when applied to typologically closer languages, it proves to be challenging in the study of typologically different languages, such as English and Czech. The second objective of this study is therefore to further address these issues and explore the potential of this methodology. The analysis is based on both comparable and parallel corpora: comparable corpora of English and Czech children’s literature and a parallel corpus of English children’s literature and its translations into Czech.