bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of combined dredging-related stressors on sponges: a laboratory approach using realistic scenarios
Authors: Pineda Mari-Carmen , Strehlow Brian , Kamp Jasmine , Duckworth Alan , Jones Ross , Webster Nicole S. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDredging can cause increased suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs), light attenuation and sedimentation in marine communities. In order to determine the combined effects of dredging-related pressures on adult sponges, three species spanning different nutritional modes and morphologies were exposed to 5 treatment levels representing realistic dredging scenarios. Most sponges survived under low to moderate turbidity scenarios (SSCs of ≤ 33 mg L−1, and a daily light integral of ≥0.5 mol photons m−2 d−1) for up to 28 d. However, under the highest turbidity scenario (76 mg L−1, 0.1 mol photons m−2 d−1) there was 20% and 90% mortality of the phototrophic sponges Cliona orientalis and Carteriospongia foliascens respectively, and tissue regression in the heterotrophic Ianthella basta. All three sponge species exhibited mechanisms to effectively tolerate dredging-related pressures in the short term (e.g. oscula closure, mucus production and tissue regression), although reduced lipids and deterioration of sponge health suggest that longer term exposure to similar conditions is likely to result in higher mortality. These results suggest that the combination of high SSCs and low light availability can accelerate mortality, increasing the probability of biological effects, although there is considerable interspecies variability in how adult sponges respond to dredging pressures.
Detecting the presence of fish farm-derived organic matter at the seafloor using stable isotope analysis of phospholipid fatty acids
Authors: Mayor Daniel J. , Gray Nia B. , Hattich Giannina S. I. , Thornton Barry 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe expansion of global aquaculture activities is important for the wellbeing of future generations in terms of employment and food security. Rearing animals in open-exchange cages permits the release of organic wastes, some of which ultimately reaches the underlying sediments. The development of rapid, quantitative and objective monitoring techniques is therefore central to the environmentally sustainable growth of the aquaculture industry. Here, we demonstrate that fish farm-derived organic wastes can be readily detected at the seafloor by quantifying sediment phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and their carbon stable isotope signatures. Observations across five farms reveal that farm size and/or distance away from it influence the spatial distribution of the generated organic wastes and their effect on benthic bacterial biomass. Comparison to the isotopic signatures of fish feed-derived PLFAs indicates that 16:0 and 18:1(n-9) are potential biomarkers for fish farm-derived organic wastes. Our results suggest that stable isotope analysis of sediment PLFAs has potential for monitoring the environmental performance of aquaculture activities, particularly given the increasing prevalence of terrigenous organic matter in aquaculture feed stocks because it is isotopically district to marine organic matter.
Complementary Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 and Cytokeratin 18 in Monitoring the Different Stages of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Wu Guangyu , Li Huating , Fang Qichen , Zhang Jing , Zhang Mingliang , Zhang Lei , Wu Liang , Hou Xuhong , Lu Junxi , Bao Yuqian , Jia Weiping 
Published: July 2017

AbstractFibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and cytokeratin 18 (CK18) were previously reported to be elevated in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aim to analyze the differential roles of FGF21, cell apoptosis marker CK18 fragment M30 and total cell death marker CK18 M65ED in monitoring the different stages of NAFLD spectrum in a population-based prospective cohort comprising 808 Chinese subjects. Predictive performances for monitoring the different stages of NAFLD were assessed by logistic regression and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves. We found baseline FGF21 but not CK18 level was an independent predictor for the development of simple steatosis. NAFLD patients who had remission during follow-up had significantly lower baseline M30 levels than those who sustained NAFLD (84.74U/L [53.26–135.79] vs. 118.47U/L [87.16–188.89], P = 0.012). M65ED was independently predictive of progressing to suspected non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in NAFLD patients. These results suggest that FGF21 can be used for early identification of hepatic steatosis. On the other hand, CK18 including M30 and M65ED, are predictive of the prognosis of NAFLD patients. FGF21 and CK18 might play differential roles and have complementary value in non-invasive identification and monitoring the outcome of NAFLD patients.
Location Sensitive Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Segmentation of White Matter Hyperintensities
Authors: Ghafoorian Mohsen , Karssemeijer Nico , Heskes Tom , van Uden Inge W. M. , Sanchez Clara I. , Litjens Geert , de Leeuw Frank-Erik , van Ginneken Bram , Marchiori Elena , Platel Bram 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe anatomical location of imaging features is of crucial importance for accurate diagnosis in many medical tasks. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have had huge successes in computer vision, but they lack the natural ability to incorporate the anatomical location in their decision making process, hindering success in some medical image analysis tasks. In this paper, to integrate the anatomical location information into the network, we propose several deep CNN architectures that consider multi-scale patches or take explicit location features while training. We apply and compare the proposed architectures for segmentation of white matter hyperintensities in brain MR images on a large dataset. As a result, we observe that the CNNs that incorporate location information substantially outperform a conventional segmentation method with handcrafted features as well as CNNs that do not integrate location information. On a test set of 50 scans, the best configuration of our networks obtained a Dice score of 0.792, compared to 0.805 for an independent human observer. Performance levels of the machine and the independent human observer were not statistically significantly different (p-value = 0.06).
αSynuclein control of mitochondrial homeostasis in human-derived neurons is disrupted by mutations associated with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Pozo Devoto Victorio Martin , Dimopoulos Nicolas , Alloatti Matías , Pardi María Belén , Saez Trinidad M. , Otero María Gabriela , Cromberg Lucas Eneas , Marín-Burgin Antonia , Scassa Maria Elida , Stokin Gorazd B. , Schinder Alejandro F. , Sevlever Gustavo , Falzone Tomás Luis 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe etiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD) converges on a common pathogenic pathway of mitochondrial defects in which α-Synuclein (αSyn) is thought to play a role. However, the mechanisms by which αSyn and its disease-associated allelic variants cause mitochondrial dysfunction remain unknown. Here, we analyzed mitochondrial axonal transport and morphology in human-derived neurons overexpressing wild-type (WT) αSyn or the mutated variants A30P or A53T, which are known to have differential lipid affinities. A53T αSyn was enriched in mitochondrial fractions, inducing significant mitochondrial transport defects and fragmentation, while milder defects were elicited by WT and A30P. We found that αSyn-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation was linked to expression levels in WT and A53T variants. Targeted delivery of WT and A53T αSyn to the outer mitochondrial membrane further increased fragmentation, whereas A30P did not. Genomic editing to disrupt the N-terminal domain of αSyn, which is important for membrane association, resulted in mitochondrial elongation without changes in fusion-fission protein levels, suggesting that αSyn plays a direct physiological role in mitochondrial size maintenance. Thus, we demonstrate that the association of αSyn with the mitochondria, which is modulated by protein mutation and dosage, influences mitochondrial transport and morphology, highlighting its relevance in a common pathway impaired in PD.
The Association between High Fat Diet around Gestation and Metabolic Syndrome-related Phenotypes in Rats: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tellechea Mariana L. , Mensegue Melisa F. , Pirola Carlos J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNumerous rodent studies have evaluated the effects of a maternal high-fat diet (HFD) on later in life susceptibility to Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) with varying results. Our aim was to quantitatively synthesize the available data on effects of maternal HFD around gestation on offspring’s body mass, body fat, plasma leptin, glucose, insulin, lipids and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Literature was screened and summary estimates of the effect of maternal HFD on outcomes were calculated by using fixed- or random-effects models. 362 effect sizes from 68 studies together with relevant moderators were collected. We found that maternal HFD is statistically associated with higher body fat, body weight, leptin, glucose, insulin and triglycerides levels, together with increased SBP in offspring later in life. Our analysis also revealed non-significant overall effect on offspring’s HDL-cholesterol. A main source of variation among studies emerged from rat strain and lard-based diet type. Strain and sex -specific effects on particular data subsets were detected. Recommendations are suggested for future research in the field of developmental programming of the MetS. Despite significant heterogeneity, our meta-analysis confirms that maternal HFD had long-term metabolic effects in offspring.
Sensitization, energy transfer and infra-red emission decay modulation in Yb3+-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles with visible light through a perfluoroanthraquinone chromophore
Authors: Lu Haizhou , Peng Yu , Ye Huanqing , Cui Xianjin , Hu Jianxu , Gu Hang , Khlobystov Andrei N. , Green Mark A. , Blower Philip J. , Wyatt Peter B. , Gillin William P. , Hernández Ignacio 
Published: July 2017

AbstractInfra-red emission (980 nm) of sub 10 nm Yb3+-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles has been sensitized through the excitation of 2-hydroxyperfluoroanthraquinone chromophore (1,2,3,4,5,6,7-heptafluro-8-hydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione) functionalizing the nanoparticle surface. The sensitization is achieved with a broad range of visible light excitation (400–600 nm). The overall near infra-red (NIR) emission intensity of Yb3+ ions is increased by a factor 300 as a result of the broad and strong absorption of the chromophore compared with ytterbium’s intrinsic absorption. Besides the Yb3+ NIR emission, the hybrid composite shows organic chromophore-based visible emission in the orange-red region of the spectrum. We observe the energy migration process from the sensitized Yb3+ ions at the surface to those in the core of the particle using time-resolved optical spectroscopy. This highlights that the local environments for emitting Yb3+ ions at the surface and center of the nanoparticle are not identical, which causes important differences in the NIR emission dynamics. Based on the understanding of these processes, we suggest a simple strategy to control and modulate the decay time of the functionalized Yb3+-doped nanoparticles over a relatively large range by changing physical or chemical parameters in this model system.
Thermometry of bosonic mixtures in Optical Lattices via Demixing
Authors: Lingua F. , Capogrosso-Sansone B. , Minardi F. , Penna V. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMotivated by recent experiments and theoretical investigations on binary mixtures, we investigate the miscible-immiscible transition at finite temperature by means of Quantum Monte Carlo. Based on the observation that the segregated phase is strongly affected by temperature, we propose to use the degree of demixing for thermometry of a binary bosonic mixture trapped in an optical lattice. We show that the proposed method is especially sensitive at low temperatures, of the order of the tunnelling amplitude, and therefore is particularly suitable in the regime where quantum magnetism is expected.
All muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M1-M5) are expressed in murine brain microvascular endothelium
Authors: Radu Beatrice Mihaela , Osculati Antonio Marco Maria , Suku Eda , Banciu Adela , Tsenov Grygoriy , Merigo Flavia , Di Chio Marzia , Banciu Daniel Dumitru , Tognoli Cristina , Kacer Petr , Giorgetti Alejandro , Radu Mihai , Bertini Giuseppe , Fabene Paolo Francesco 
Published: July 2017

AbstractClinical and experimental studies indicate that muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are potential pharmacological targets for the treatment of neurological diseases. Although these receptors have been described in human, bovine and rat cerebral microvascular tissue, a subtype functional characterization in mouse brain endothelium is lacking. Here, we show that all muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M1-M5) are expressed in mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells. The mRNA expression of M2, M3, and M5correlates with their respective protein abundance, but a mismatch exists for M1and M4mRNA versus protein levels. Acetylcholine activates calcium transients in brain endothelium via muscarinic, but not nicotinic, receptors. Moreover, although M1and M3are the most abundant receptors, only a small fraction of M1is present in the plasma membrane and functions in ACh-induced Ca2+signaling. Bioinformatic analyses performed on eukaryotic muscarinic receptors demonstrate a high degree of conservation of the orthosteric binding site and a great variability of the allosteric site. In line with previous studies, this result indicates muscarinic acetylcholine receptors as potential pharmacological targets in future translational studies. We argue that research on drug development should especially focus on the allosteric binding sites of the M1and M3receptors.
Hydrogen sulfide acts as a double-edged sword in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells through EGFR/ERK/MMP-2 and PTEN/AKT signaling pathways
Authors: Wu Dongdong , Li Mengling , Tian Wenke , Wang Shuaiwei , Cui Longzhen , Li Hui , Wang Huijuan , Ji Ailing , Li Yanzhang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHydrogen sulfide (H2S) is involved in cancer biological processes. However, there are several controversies concerning the role of H2S in cancer development and progression. In this study, we found that the growth and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells were enhanced by 10–100 μM NaHS and dose-dependently inhibited by 600–1000 μM NaHS. The apoptotic levels were reduced by 25–100 μM NaHS but increased by 400–1000 μM NaHS in HCC cells. After treatment with 25–50 μM NaHS, the protein levels of p-EGFR, p-ERK, MMP-2, and p-AKT were increased, whereas the levels of PTEN and the ratio of BAX/BCL-2 were down-regulated. Administration of 800–1000 μM NaHS showed opposite effects on these protein levels in HCC cells. However, H2S showed no effects on the growth, migration, apoptosis, and the protein levels of the EGFR/ERK/MMP-2 and PTEN/AKT signaling pathways in L02 cells. Furthermore, 25–100 μM NaHS promoted HCC tumor growth and blood vessel formation, while 800–1000 μM NaHS inhibited angiogenesis and tumor growth with no obvious systemic toxicity. These results indicate that H2S acts as a double-edged sword in HCC cells through EGFR/ERK/MMP-2 and PTEN/AKT signaling pathways. Novel H2S donors could be designed and applied for further antitumor research.
Semantic congruent audiovisual integration during the encoding stage of working memory: an ERP and sLORETA study
Authors: Xie Yuanjun , Xu Yuanyuan , Bian Chen , Li Min 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAlthough multisensory integration is an inherent component of functional brain organization, multisensory integration during working memory (WM) has attracted little attention. The present study investigated the neural properties underlying the multisensory integration of WM by comparing semantically related bimodal stimulus presentations with unimodal stimulus presentations and analysing the results using the standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) source location approach. The results showed that the memory retrieval reaction times during congruent audiovisual conditions were faster than those during unisensory conditions. Moreover, our findings indicated that the event-related potential (ERP) for simultaneous audiovisual stimuli differed from the ERP for the sum of unisensory constituents during the encoding stage and occurred within a 236–530 ms timeframe over the frontal and parietal-occipital electrodes. The sLORETA images revealed a distributed network of brain areas that participate in the multisensory integration of WM. These results suggested that information inputs from different WM subsystems yielded nonlinear multisensory interactions and became integrated during the encoding stage. The multicomponent model of WM indicates that the central executive could play a critical role in the integration of information from different slave systems.
Atomic-Layer-Deposition Assisted Formation of Wafer-Scale Double-Layer Metal Nanoparticles with Tunable Nanogap for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering
Authors: Cao Yan-Qiang , Qin Kang , Zhu Lin , Qian Xu , Zhang Xue-Jin , Wu Di , Li Ai-Dong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA simple high-throughput approach is presented in this work to fabricate the Au nanoparticles (NPs)/nanogap/Au NPs structure for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). This plasmonic nanostructure can be prepared feasibly by the combination of rapid thermal annealing (RTA), atomic layer deposition (ALD) and chemical etching process. The nanogap size between Au NPs can be easily and precisely tuned to nanometer scale by adjusting the thickness of sacrificial ALD Al2O3 layer. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation data indicate that most of enhanced field locates at Au NPs nanogap area. Moreover, Au NPs/nanogap/Au NPs structure with smaller gap exhibits the larger electromagnetic field. Experimental results agree well with FDTD simulation data, the plasmonic structure with smaller nanogap size has a stronger Raman intensity. There is highly strong plasmonic coupling in the Au nanogap, so that a great SERS effect is obtained when detecting methylene blue (MB) molecules with an enhancement factor (EF) over 107. Furthermore, this plasmonic nanostructure can be designed on large area with high density and high intensity hot spots. This strategy of producing nanoscale metal gap on large area has significant implications for ultrasensitive Raman detection and practical SERS application.
The Effect of Background Noise on Intelligibility of Dysphonic Speech
Authors: Ishikawa Keiko , Boyce Suzanne , Kelchner Lisa , Powell Maria Golla , Schieve Heidi , de Alarcon Alessandro , Khosla Sid 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The aim of this study is to determine the effect of background noise on the intelligibility of dysphonic speech and to examine the relationship between intelligibility in noise and an acoustic measure of dysphonia: cepstral peak prominence (CPP).

Method
A study of speech perception was conducted using speech samples from 6 adult speakers with typical voice and 6 adult speakers with dysphonia. Speech samples were presented to 30 listeners with typical hearing in 3 noise conditions: quiet, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)+5, and SNR+0. Intelligibility scores were obtained via orthographic transcription as the percentage of correctly identified words. Speech samples were acoustically analyzed using CPP, and the correlation between the CPP measurements and intelligibility scores was examined.

Results
The intelligibility of both typical and dysphonic speech was reduced as the level of background noise increased. The reduction was significantly greater in dysphonic speech. A strong correlation was noted between CPP and intelligibility score at SNR+0.

Conclusions
Dysphonic speech is relatively harder to understand in the presence of background noise as compared with typical speech. CPP may be a useful predictor of this intelligibility deficit. Future work is needed to confirm these findings with a larger number of speakers and speech materials with known predictability.
Cutibacterium acnes Septic Arthritis of the Nonoperated Knee: A Case Report
Authors: Okoroha Kelechi , Gabbard Michael , Fitts Jamal , Banka Trevor 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Cutibacterium (Propionibacterium) acnes, a gram-positive bacillus with low pathogenicity, is an uncommon but known cause of prosthetic joint infections, particularly related to shoulder surgery. C. acnes, however, is an extremely rare pathogen in the nonoperated knee joint. This report details an uncommon case of C. acnes septic knee arthritis after multiple intra-articular steroid injections in a 56-year-old male patient. After an indolent presentation and late diagnosis, the patient underwent surgical debridement with IV antibiotic management. This case illustrates that intra-articular corticosteroid injections for the management of osteoarthritis are not without risk. Literature supporting their use remains limited and clinicians should use proficient clinical judgment for appropriate patient selection for these injections. Vigilance following injections or aspirations of the knee should be maintained to identify the indolent clinical presentation of C. acnes septic arthritis.
A Case Report from the City of Biratnagar, Eastern Zone of Nepal: Kikuchi–Fujimoto Disease
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Varma Mamta , Kumar Narayan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHistiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, also known as Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease (KFD), is a rare, benign, self-limiting cervical lymphadenitis of unknown etiology that usually presents with lymphadenopathy and fever. This was the case of a 24-year-old, unmarried female who presented with painful neck swelling, fever, and difficulty in swallowing. She had been treated with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents with no results. The patient had been suffering for almost 2 months and did not respond to any treatment. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) report showed a granulomatous lymphadenitis. Smear for acid-fast bacilli was also negative. The FNAC report was critical for the diagnosis by suggesting the presence of granulomatous tissue against a background of necrosis. The diagnosis of KFD was confirmed after excision biopsy of the lymph node. The patient was treated symptomatically and responded well. Awareness and knowledge of this disease is essential for the diagnosis for physicians and health care workers in this part of the world so that the appropriate treatment can be given.
Krank durch traumatische Kindheit
Authors: Sparenborg-Nolte Anne 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungIm theoretischen Teil werden Ursachen und Bedingungen kindlicher Traumatisierung beschrieben und ihre Auswirkung auf die Persönlichkeitsentwicklung dargestellt. Die resultierenden Symptome und Krankheiten im Kindes- und Erwachsenenalter können nur vor dem Hintergrund des Traumas verstanden und behandelt werden. Im praktischen Teil werden die Wahl der geeigneten Arzneien und ihr Bezug zum kindlichen Entwicklungstrauma und den entsprechenden Symptomen diskutiert.
Psychopathologie der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS)
Authors: Pfanzelt Ingrid 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Psychopathologie der PTBS findet sich nur teilweise im wörtlichen Sinn im Repertorium. Bei der psychovegetativen Symptomatik gibt es noch eindeutig passende Rubriken, während bei den psychischen Symptomen wie den traumaspezifischen Dissoziationen analoge Rubriken gefunden werden müssen. Das Trauma als Causa der Psychopathologie bilden am ehesten die Schreck- Rubriken ab, die dann an erster Stelle der Repertorisation stehen sollten.