bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
À propos du rapport à la raison dans la tradition jaina
Authors: Balbir Nalini 
Published: September 2017

Le jaïnisme se définit non en rapport à de quelconques dieux mais en rapport à des êtres humains parfaits parce que, à la suite d’un itinéraire spirituel, ils sont parvenus à l’Omniscience. Ce sont les Jina, qui agissent en maîtres et enseignent d’abord oralement. Cet article explore la manière dont les textes qui résultent de cette transmission, mis par écrit au Ve siècle de notre ère, insistent sur la rationalité de l’enseignement dans le discours qu’ils construisent aussi bien que dans la mise en œuvre. D’autre part, l’autorité des Jina provient non seulement d’une démarche intellectuelle d’analyse et de positionnement face à d’autres doctrines, présentées négativement, mais de l’exemplarité de leur vie. Le recours à des exposés de type rationnel ou à des argumentations n’empêche pas, au bout du compte, la nécessité sans cesse proclamée d’une adhésion à des vues justes, laquelle équivaut à un acte de foi, à un rejet des vues fausses, et ne valorise pas le doute. Cette tension entre foi et raison s’exprime dans le registre des idées mais aussi dans celui des mythes : au nom du bon sens, compris comme une forme de raison, les jaïns fustigent l’héritage légendaire pan-indien pour lui substituer un nouvel édifice qui repose sur leur corps de doctrine.
Scholasticism and Philosophy: on the Relationship between Reason and Revelation in India
Authors: Ratié Isabelle 
Published: September 2017

La scolastique médiévale européenne s'est beaucoup préoccupée d'accorder raison et révélation, notamment en cherchant à définir le rapport de subordination de la première à la seconde. De cette tension entre le poids de l’autorité scripturaire et l’aspiration à l’indépendance de l’enquête rationnelle a finalement émergé en Europe un champ philosophique autonome, libéré de toute allégeance à une parole révélée – ou du moins se présentant comme tel – et fustigeant la « méthode scolastique ». En Inde, rien de tel : le champ philosophique est demeuré essentiellement scolastique au sens notamment où la plupart des systèmes philosophiques indiens n’ont pas cessé d’admettre les Écritures (āgama) au rang des moyens de connaissance valide, et bien souvent, d’affirmer leur suprématie sur la raison et l’expérience. Pourtant, de même que la scolastique européenne ne se limite pas à l’image qui s’est imposée d’elle depuis Descartes, le rapport entre autorité scripturaire et enquête rationnelle en Inde est bien plus complexe qu’il n’y paraît au premier abord. C’est avant tout pour défendre la validité de leurs Écritures que différents courants religieux indiens se sont affrontés sur le terrain philosophique ; mais paradoxalement, cette intention apologétique a conduit les champions de ces divers courants à mettre de côté l’autorité de leurs propres Écritures. L’article, qui met en évidence cet étrange processus d’émancipation philosophique né de considérations apologétiques et nourri par celles-ci, compare deux définitions en apparence diamétralement opposées de la relation entre raison et révélation – celle du bouddhiste Dharmakīrti et celle du śivaïte non dualiste Utpaladeva – afin de montrer que si le champ philosophique indien n’a jamais acquis l’autonomie vis-à-vis de tout discours révélé qui a caractérisé la philosophie occidentale à partir du xviie siècle, il s’est développé dans une constante tension créatrice entre acceptation et rejet de l’autorité scripturaire.
Les vétérinaires à l’Académie Nationale de Médecine
Authors: Blancher Gabriel 
Published: September 2017

Veterinarians in national academy of medicine
Veterinarians were present in the french National Academy of Medicine since the beginning on 20th december 1820. They were five and belonged to the section of Medicine ; on 1829 an independent section was created. It includes at present five members, with one “non résidant” member in addition. There are too nine national and six foreign “correspondants”. Ten times a veterinarian presided over the Academy.
Among the veterinarians members of the Academy we espacially note Henri BOULEY, who presided over the Academy of Sciences after the Academy of Medicine, Edmond NOCARD, clever assistant of PASTEUR, Auguste CHAUVEAU, a pioneer in physiology and functional exploration of the heart, Camille GUERIN, who created BCG vaccine, and Gaston RAMON, who made diphtérie and tetanic anatoxins.
Nowadays, their successors, in the same manner, work in the fields of public health and fundamental research, bringing the precious support of their knowledge in animal diseases.
Lutte contre la fièvre aphteuse : utilisation raisonnée de la vaccination
Authors: Coustel Gerard 
Published: September 2017

Foot and mouth disease control measures
Historically, France had implemented, for 1962, a medical-sanitary health policy, using both annual vaccination of all bovine livestock, and in case of outbreak, the stamping out of all animals of vulnerable species. This strategy which has proved to be particularly effective, was abandoned in 1991, in accordance with european regulation, about animal-health reasons and political and economics arguments. The reapparence of foot and mouth disease, in 2001 in Europe, demonstrated the limits of sociological acceptability of a a policy based only on animal-cullings. The perfecting of purified vaccines, with targeted use around the outbreaks, could spare culling of vaccinated animals, in accordance with a new zoo-sanitary international regulation. It could be, with other efficient sanitary measures (control of livestock movements, livestock identification, control of animal feedstuffs, control of imports, destruction of infected herds and preventive cullings) one management among others of a foot and mouth epizootic.
Tropospheric products of the second GOP European GNSS reprocessing (1996–2014)
Authors: Dousa Jan , Vaclavovic Pavel , Elias Michal 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. In this paper, we present results of the second reprocessing of all data from 1996 to 2014 from all stations in International Association of Geodesy (IAG) Reference Frame Sub-Commission for Europe (EUREF) Permanent Network (EPN) as performed at the Geodetic Observatory Pecný (GOP). While the original goal of this research was to ultimately contribute to the realization of a new European Terrestrial Reference System (ETRS), we also aim to provide a new set of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) tropospheric parameter time series with possible applications to climate research. To achieve these goals, we improved a strategy to guarantee the continuity of these tropospheric parameters and we prepared several variants of troposphere modelling. We then assessed all solutions in terms of the repeatability of coordinates as an internal evaluation of applied models and strategies and in terms of zenith tropospheric delays (ZTDs) and horizontal gradients with those of the ERA-Interim numerical weather model (NWM) reanalysis. When compared to the GOP Repro1 (first EUREF reprocessing) solution, the results of the GOP Repro2 (second EUREF reprocessing) yielded improvements of approximately 50 and 25 % in the repeatability of the horizontal and vertical components, respectively, and of approximately 9 % in tropospheric parameters. Vertical repeatability was reduced from 4.14 to 3.73 mm when using the VMF1 mapping function, a priori ZHD (zenith hydrostatic delay), and non-tidal atmospheric loading corrections from actual weather data. Raising the elevation cut-off angle from 3 to 7° and then to 10° increased RMS from coordinates' repeatability, which was then confirmed by independently comparing GNSS tropospheric parameters with the NWM reanalysis. The assessment of tropospheric horizontal gradients with respect to the ERA-Interim revealed a strong sensitivity of estimated gradients to the quality of GNSS antenna tracking performance. This impact was demonstrated at the Mallorca station, where gradients systematically grew up to 5 mm during the period between 2003 and 2008, before this behaviour disappeared when the antenna at the station was changed. The impact of processing variants on long-term ZTD trend estimates was assessed at 172 EUREF stations with time series longer than 10 years. The most significant site-specific impact was due to the non-tidal atmospheric loading followed by the impact of changing the elevation cut-off angle from 3 to 10°. The other processing strategy had a very small or negligible impact on estimated trends.
Surface water floods in Switzerland: what insurance claim records tell us about the damage in space and time
Authors: Bernet Daniel B. , Prasuhn Volker , Weingartner Rolf 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Surface water floods (SWFs) have received increasing attention in the recent years. Nevertheless, we still know relatively little about where, when and why such floods occur and cause damage, largely due to a lack of data but to some degree also because of terminological ambiguities. Therefore, in a preparatory step, we summarize related terms and identify the need for unequivocal terminology across disciplines and international boundaries in order to bring the science together. Thereafter, we introduce a large (n = 63 117), long (10–33 years) and representative (48 % of all Swiss buildings covered) data set of spatially explicit Swiss insurance flood claims. Based on registered flood damage to buildings, the main aims of this study are twofold: First, we introduce a method to differentiate damage caused by SWFs and fluvial floods based on the geographical location of each damaged object in relation to flood hazard maps and the hydrological network. Second, we analyze the data with respect to their spatial and temporal distributions aimed at quantitatively answering the fundamental questions of how relevant SWF damage really is, as well as where and when it occurs in space and time. This study reveals that SWFs are responsible for at least 45 % of the flood damage to buildings and 23 % of the associated direct tangible losses, whereas lower losses per claim are responsible for the lower loss share. The Swiss lowlands are affected more heavily by SWFs than the alpine regions. At the same time, the results show that the damage claims and associated losses are not evenly distributed within each region either. Damage caused by SWFs occurs by far most frequently in summer in almost all regions. The normalized SWF damage of all regions shows no significant upward trend between 1993 and 2013. We conclude that SWFs are in fact a highly relevant process in Switzerland that should receive similar attention like fluvial flood hazards. Moreover, as SWF damage almost always coincides with fluvial flood damage, we suggest considering SWFs, like fluvial floods, as integrated processes of our catchments.
Digital papillary adenocarcinoma of the ankle
Authors: Singh Avani , Kuncewitch Michael , Mansoori Parisa , Mothershed James T. , Levine Edward A. 
Published: September 2017

Digital Papillary Adenocarcinoma (DPA) is a very rare neoplasm of sweat glands, with approximately 100 cases in the literature. We present a rare case of DPA of the ankle in a 66-year-old African American man. DPA has a high potential for metastases to the lung and lymph nodes, and initial treatment often entails wide excision or complete digital amputation. DPA typically presents as a painless lesion or mass of the distal digits of the hands or feet. With the limited available literature regarding this malignancy, there is no standard approach to treatment. Wide excisional margins with sentinel lymph node mapping and biopsy are based on extrapolation for other tumors. In the following report, we discuss a representative case and the current literature on the presentation, treatment and pathology of this rare neoplasm.
Development and Method Validation of Analysis of Urushiol in Sumac and Food Ingredients in Korea
Authors: Seo Dongwon , Kim Kijin , Choi Hee-Don , Yoo Miyoung , Ha Jaeho , Lee Kwang-Won 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This study developed an analytical method to determine the urushiol content in sap and several foods. The full process for urushiol analysis consists of extraction, trimethylsilyl silylation, analysis, and identification via GC-MS, with each step optimized to attain the required accuracy and precision. Urushiol was separated from sap via liquid–liquid extraction and was derivatized via silylation. The components were analyzed using a polar capillary column and identified using GC-MS. The deviations of relative retention times and retention time windows were within 0.001 and 0.02 min, which satisfied the criteria of 0.06 and 0.03 min, respectively. The response of the urushiol standards tested was found to be linear in the investigated concentration range, with a correlation coefficient of 0.998. The LODs were between 1.74 and 2.67 μg/mL.
The relationship between sustained attention and aerobic fitness in a group of young adults
Authors: Ciria Luis F. , Perakakis Pandelis , Luque-Casado Antonio , Morato Cristina , Sanabria Daniel 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundA growing set of studies has shown a positive relationship between aerobic fitness and a broad array of cognitive functions. However, few studies have focused on sustained attention, which has been considered a fundamental cognitive process that underlies most everyday activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of aerobic fitness as a key factor in sustained attention capacities in young adults.MethodsForty-four young adults (18–23 years) were divided into two groups as a function of the level of aerobic fitness (high-fit and low-fit). Participants completed the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) and an oddball task where they had to detect infrequent targets presented among frequent non-targets.ResultsThe analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed faster responses for the high-fit group than for the low-fit group in the PVT, replicating previous accounts. In the oddball task, the high-fit group maintained their accuracy (ACC) rate of target detection over time, while the low-fit group suffered a significant decline of response ACC throughout the task.DiscussionImportantly, the results show that the greater sustained attention capacity of high-fit young adults is not specific to a reaction time (RT) sustained attention task like the PVT, but it is also evident in an ACC oddball task. In sum, the present findings point to the important role of aerobic fitness on sustained attention capacities in young adults.
Acidentes Ofídicos nas Mesorregiões do Estado de Santa Catarina
Authors: Coser Annelise , Wolff Indyanara , De Quadros Rosiléia Marinho , Marques Sandra Marcia Tietz 
Published: September 2017

<p><strong>Introdução: </strong>O ofidismo representa significativo problema de saúde pública no Brasil pela frequência, morbidade e mortalidade em consequência das atividades tóxicas decorrentes da inoculação do veneno. <strong>Objetivo</strong>: Relatar a ocorrência e descrever a epidemiologia dos acidentes por serpentes, no estado de Santa Catarina, no período de 2007 a 2013. <strong>Metodologia: </strong>As informações sobre os acidentes ofídicos foram obtidas pela análise das notificações registradas no Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), no período de 2007 a agosto de 2013. Foram coletadas informações sobre os municípios de ocorrência dos acidentes, os gêneros das serpentes envolvidas nos acidentes, mesorregiões do estado, faixa etária, gênero, localização anatômica, sazonalidade e evolução dos casos em relação à gravidade. <strong>Resultados: </strong>Foram registrados 5.318 casos de acidentes ofídicos, com 80,52% dos acidentes por serpentes do gênero <em>Bothrops</em>. A mesorregião do Vale do Itajaí foi que teve maior número de registros de ofidismo, a faixa etária mais acometida com leve predomínio foi entre 20 a 39 anos (33,41%) com maior frequência no sexo masculino (76%). Em relação à sazonalidade, os meses de outubro a abril apontaram para o maior número de ocorrências. A maioria dos casos evoluiu para a cura (96,9%). <strong>Conclusão: </strong>Faz-se necessário que a vigilância epidemiológica realize campanhas para reduzir os acidentes por serpentes peçonhentas, bem como melhorar o acesso aos serviços de saúde.</p><p> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
Analysis by means of cone-beam computed tomography, bone density and X-ray beam attenuation of rabbit mandibles subjected to low-level laser therapy during distraction osteogenesis
Authors: Cenci Rodrigo , Silveira Vinicius , Mayer Luciano , De Oliveira Helena , Moraes João , Gerhardt de Oliveira Marília 
Published: September 2017

<p><strong><em>Objectives: </em></strong><em>To assess by means of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) the relative bone density of newly formed bone in rabbit mandibles treated with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) during distraction osteogenesis (DO). </em><strong><em>Methods: </em></strong><em>Seven rabbits underwent surgical osteotomy and immediate installation of a distractor on the mandible (right side). DO was performed for 10 days, and LLLT (aluminum-gallium-arsenide [AlGaAs] infrared laser, λ 830 nm, 40 mW) was applied during distractor activation (days 4-10). Three rabbits were euthanized at the end of the activation period (day 10, group A), and four at the end of the maturation period (day 20, group B). Quality and quantity of newly formed bone in the distracted area were measured on grayscale images using adjacente untreated areas as controls. Two CBCT images were acquired for each animal (before and after removal of soft tissue) to evaluate the influence of the soft tissue on X-ray beam attenuation. </em><strong><em>Results: </em></strong><em>Mean grayscale values in the distracted area were higher in group B rabbits (140.47 vs. 102.55 in group A), indicating greater bone maturation in a short period. Absence of soft tissues during CBCT scanning was associated with higher grayscale values, indicative of less X-ray beam attenuation. </em><strong><em>Conclusions: </em></strong><em>It is possible to measure differences in bone density in areas subjected to DO on CBCT scans, providing an objective assessment useful for monitoring bone quality during the repair process.</em></p><p><em> </em></p>
Análise do conhecimento sobre radiações ionizantes e qualidade do equipamento de proteção individual em um hospital público
Authors: De Medeiros Caroline , Dorow Patricia Fernanda , Brandão Cristiane Pereira , Ribeiro Mariana Rosa 
Published: September 2017

<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;">Introdução: a prática médica do diagnóstico por imagem requer controle de qualidade e proteção radiológica para assegurar segurança dos trabalhadores e usuários ocupacionalmente expostos. Apesar dos benefícios gerados pelo uso das radiações ionizantes no diagnóstico médico a interação da radiação com a matéria biológica pode produzir efeitos nocivos. Objetivo: avaliar o conhecimento sobre radiação ionizante dos trabalhadores das técnicas radiológicas em um hospital público. Metodologia: foi realizada uma pesquisa empírica, quantitativa, exploratória, que utilizou nove questionários para a coleta dos dados. O projeto de pesquisa foi aprovado no CEP sob o parecer sob nº 524.226 no dia 06/02/2014. Os dados foram coletados junto a nove técnicos/tecnólogos em radiologia que trabalham no hospital pesquisado, utilizando-se entrevista semiestruturada e analisados mediante estatística descritiva. Resultados: a deficiência de saberes sobre legislação e uso de equipamentos de proteção individual foram as variáveis mais citadas pelos trabalhadores. Considera-se que o reconhecimento no trabalho inicia com ações que privilegiem a segurança ocupacional, de modo a prevenir agravos. Conclusão: os achados sugerem que treinamentos sistemáticos poderiam ajudar no esclarecimento e promover a saúde do trabalhador. </p>
Detection of bacterial samples on the aquatic ecosystems adjacent to Saquarema Lagoon – Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Nogueira Barbara Araujo , Olivella Julianna Giordano Botelho , Gil Adriana Costa , Meirelles-Pereira Frederico , Gonçalves Verônica Dias , Andrade Arnaldo Feitosa Braga de , Bello Alexandre Ribeiro , Pereira José Augusto Adler 
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Saquarema Lagoon (RJ) has a high ecological and economic value owing to its multiple uses. The population’s constant growth increases the amount of sewage containing bacteria and antimicrobial drugs that are discharged to the environment. Objectives: to detect Gram negative bacilli able to colonize or infect humans and animals and determine their antimicrobial resistance profiles. Methodology:samples were collected in the city centre in April 2010 and at Jaconé (Lagoon’s most preserved site) in February 2011. The total and thermo tolerant coliforms were determined and the isolation of samples was made using agar media containing 32cg/ mL of cephalotin. All samples were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility (AST) and on 16 samples, plasmid DNA was extracted. Results: different Gram negative bacteria were detected, such as: Enterobacter spp, Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The coliform results showed that the water quality is proper for Human recreation. AST results demonstrated the existence of bacteria resistant to antimicrobial drugs frequently used in the community. It was possible to detected high molecular weight plasmids and nine samples (56,25%) showed at least one plasmid DNA electrophoresis band. Conclusions: there were not detected resistant samples to antimicrobial drugs normally used in hospital settings, which may possibly refute the idea of a contamination by nosocomial and/or veterinary sewage discharge.
Aspectos clínicos relevantes de pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral na emergência hospitalar: implicações para o serviço público de saúde
Authors: Trevisan Cláudia Morais , Marcon Carline Letícia Volpato , Cavalheiro Bibiana Reis , Melo Luciana Protásio de , Campos Tania Fernandes 
Published: September 2017

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;">Objetivo: avaliar os aspectos clínicos relevantes dos pacientes com AVC na emergência hospitalar e suas implicações para o serviço público de saúde do Brasil. Metodologia: participaram do estudo 40 pacientes, que sofreram AVC e foram atendidos em um hospital de Emergência de Santa Maria-RS. Os pacientes foram avaliados com um instrumento de base epidemiológica (Step 1), junto com a Escala Modificada de Rankin (dependência funcional nas atividades de vida diária). Os dados foram analisados pelo Qui quadrado. Resultados: não foi encontrada diferença significativa na frequência de casos de AVC de acordo com o sexo, porém encontrou-se quanto à idade, maior frequência na faixa etária de 50 a 69 anos (50%), e escolaridade, 40% dos indivíduos com o fundamental incompleto. O AVC isquêmico foi o mais frequente (47,5%) e a hipertensão arterial foi o fator de risco mais comum (47,5%). A maioria dos pacientes não tomava medicação antes do AVC (31,8%), contudo os anti-hipertensivos foram os medicamentos mais administrados no hospital (27,3%). Na avaliação funcional, foi encontrada maior frequência de incapacidade grave (54,4%). A maioria dos casos avaliados tinha sofrido o primeiro AVC, no entanto foram feitos registros de pacientes que tiveram até 4 episódios (p= 0,001). Dos pacientes atendidos, 77,5% eram provenientes de Santa Maria e 22,5% eram de outras cidades do Estado. Conclusão: os pacientes com AVC na chegada ao hospital mostraram-se gravemente comprometidos com altos níveis de incapacidade e dependência, o que implica na necessidade de normatização do atendimento dos pacientes com AVC nos serviços públicos de saúde. </p>