bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EcoBIM for micro-sustainability
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed Mohsen 
Published: April 2017

Sustainability is one of the most important issues today. It could be achieved when all its factors could be managed and achieved effectively with full knowledge, strategic focus, and a balance of competing interests.Micro-sustainability focuses on small environmental actions that collectively result in a large environmental impact. It encourages sustainable changes through “change agents”, i.e. individuals who are instrumental in bringing a change; therefore, they foster positive environmental action inside their sphere of influence. Examples of micro-sustainability include recycling, turning off unused lights, programming thermostats for efficient use of energy, reducing water usage, reduce waste and consumption.Attentive design and planning is very crucial in any production process. Especially in the construction industry, a lot of time and effort is spent on measuring and analysing how any new construction will interact with materials and environmental conditions and a lot of information management is required for the whole process. In the last few years, the construction industry has gone digital, and technology has created a new process tool.Building information modelling and management has become mandatory to achieve a sustainable construction process and product. New concepts such as EcoBIM have been recently introduced and applied in the construction market. EcoBIM software allows architects and engineers to digitally simulate different construction elements and understand how specific changes in design or construction models will have an impact on other variables. EcoBIM has especially improved the sustainable planning for building life cycle (cradle to grave).EcoBIM helps to achieve micro-sustainability through BIM tools and management process, which in turn help in accurate design and construction analysis for efficient design and construction for efficient use of energy, reducing water usage, waste and consumption, etc.
Form without function: Transitions in the urban-built environment of Qatar
Authors: Rajakumar Mohanalakshmi 
Published: April 2017

The introduction of air conditioning in Qatar has radically changed the everyday life both inside and outside the home both physically and socially. As part of a larger project investigating thermal comfort in Qatar, we seek to understand the ways changes in everyday Qatari life are connected to the articulation of a modernized and global national identity. Air conditioning is one of the material comforts that accompanies a diversifying economy as well as an influx of wealth and expatriates migrating to Qatar. We posit that in Qatar, similar to elsewhere in the Gulf, this economic and social trajectory has resulted in an increase in Western urban forms that do not take into account traditional design. Whereas the traditional design of Arab towns and neighborhoods reflects climatic and socio-religious practices, modernization has taken away many of these features, particularly in the design and articulation of new buildings in Qatar.In what sense has it become difficult to orient oneself in Qatar with a place identity? This paper will discuss the various factors at place in the place identity challenges facing Qatar as a modern urban Arab city. We will discuss some of the salient features of passive cooling, such as wind towers and mashrabiya or screening, and how their inclusion in building identity is a nod to form without utilizing cooling functions. As case studies, we will discuss the ideas and impetus in such energy-intensive concepts that gave rise to the West Bay business district of skyscrapers and the ‘objects in a landscape’ approach to designing buildings in Education City.
Exergames for women with fibromyalgia: a randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effects on mobility skills, balance and fear of falling
Authors: Collado-Mateo Daniel , Dominguez-Muñoz Francisco J. , Adsuar Jose C. , Merellano-Navarro Eugenio , Gusi Narcis 
Published: April 2017

Background
Exergames are a new form of rehabilitation that combine the characteristics of physical exercise and the benefits of non-immersive virtual reality (VR). Effects of this novel therapy in women fibromyalgia are still unknown. The objective was to evaluate the effects of exergame-based intervention on mobility skills, balance and fear of falling in women with fibromyalgia.

Methods
This study was a randomized controlled trial with concealed allocation. Seventy-six women with fibromyalgia were divided into two groups: the exercise group received an eight week intervention based on exergames, while the control group continued their usual activities. Mobility skills were evaluated using the timed up and go test, while balance was assessed using the functional reach test, and the CTSIB protocol. Fear of falling was evaluated on a scale of 0–100 (0, no fear; 100, extreme fear). Measurements were performed before and after the intervention. A repeated-measures linear mixed model was used to compare the effects of the intervention between the two groups.

Results
The exercise group was significantly quicker than the control group in the timed up and go test (MD, −0.71; 95% CI [−1.09–0.32]; p < 0.001). There were also significant improvements in functional reach and a reduced fear of falling (MD, 4.34; 95% CI [1.39–7.30]; p = 0.005 and MD, −9.85; 95% CI [−0.19–−0.08]; p = 0.048, respectively).

Discussion
The improved TUG observed herein was better than the smallest real difference. Based on the results on mobility skills, balance and fear of falling, exergames may be an effective tool as a therapy for women with fibromyalgia.
Continuous monitoring of snowpack dynamics in alpine terrain by aboveground neutron sensing
Authors: Schattan Paul , Baroni Gabriele , Oswald Sascha E. , Schöber Johannes , Fey Christine , Kormann Christoph , Huttenlau Matthias , Achleitner Stefan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe characteristics of an aboveground cosmic‐ray neutron sensor (CRNS) are evaluated for monitoring a mountain snowpack in the Austrian Alps from March 2014 to June 2016. Neutron counts were compared to continuous point‐scale snow depth (SD) and snow‐water‐equivalent (SWE) measurements from an automatic weather station with a maximum SWE of 600 mm (April 2014). Several spatially distributed Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS)‐based SD and SWE maps were additionally used. A strong nonlinear correlation is found for both SD and SWE. The representative footprint of the CRNS is in the range of 230–270 m. In contrast to previous studies suggesting signal saturation at around 100 mm of SWE, no complete signal saturation was observed. These results imply that CRNS could be transferred into an unprecedented method for continuous detection of spatially averaged SD and SWE for alpine snowpacks, though with sensitivity decreasing with increasing SWE. While initially different functions were found for accumulation and melting season conditions, this could be resolved by accounting for a limited measurement depth. This depth limit is in the range of 200 mm of SWE for dense snowpacks with high liquid water contents and associated snow density values around 450 kg m−3 and above. In contrast to prior studies with shallow snowpacks, interannual transferability of the results is very high regardless of presnowfall soil moisture conditions. This underlines the unexpectedly high potential of CRNS to close the gap between point‐scale measurements, hydrological models, and remote sensing of the cryosphere in alpine terrain.
Seismological evidence of fault weakening due to erosion by fluids from observations of intraplate earthquake swarms
Authors: Vavryčuk Václav , Hrubcová Pavla 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe occurrence and specific properties of earthquake swarms in geothermal areas are usually attributed to a highly fractured rock and/or heterogeneous stress within the rock mass being triggered by magmatic or hydrothermal fluid intrusion. The increase of fluid pressure destabilizes fractures and causes their opening and subsequent shear‐tensile rupture. The spreading and evolution of the seismic activity are controlled by fluid flow due to diffusion in a permeable rock (fluid‐diffusion model) and/or by redistribution of Coulomb stress (intrusion model). These models, however, are not valid universally. We provide evidence that none of these models is consistent with observations of swarm earthquakes in West Bohemia, Czech Republic. Full seismic moment tensors of microearthquakes in the 2008 swarm in West Bohemia indicate that fracturing at the starting phase of the swarm was not associated with fault openings caused by pressurized fluids but rather with fault compactions. This can physically be explained by a fault‐weakening model, when the essential role in the swarm triggering is attributed to degradation of fault strength due to long‐lasting chemical and hydrothermal fluid‐rock interactions in the focal zone. Since the rock is exposed to circulating hydrothermal, CO2‐saturated fluids, the walls of fractures are weakened by dissolving and altering various minerals. The porosity of the fault gauge increases, and the fault weakens. If fault strength lowers to a critical value, the seismicity is triggered. The fractures are compacted during failure, the fault strength recovers, and a new cycle begins.
Insight gained from responses to surveys on reference dosimetry practices
Authors: Muir Bryan , Culberson Wesley , Davis Stephen , Kim Gwe‐Ya , Huang Yimei , Lee Sung‐Woo , Lowenstein Jessica , Sarfehnia Arman , Siebers Jeffrey , Tolani Naresh 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPurposeTo present the results and discuss potential insights gained through surveys on reference dosimetry practices.MethodsTwo surveys were sent to medical physicists to learn about the current state of reference dosimetry practices at radiation oncology clinics worldwide. A short survey designed to maximize response rate was made publicly available and distributed via the AAPM website and a medical physics list server. Another, much more involved survey, was sent to a smaller group of physicists to gain insight on detailed dosimetry practices. The questions were diverse, covering reference dosimetry practices on topics like measurements required for beam quality specification, the actual measurement of absorbed dose and ancillary equipment required like electrometers and environment monitoring measurements.ResultsThere were 190 respondents to the short survey and seven respondents to the detailed survey. The diversity of responses indicates nonuniformity in reference dosimetry practices and differences in interpretation of reference dosimetry protocols.ConclusionsThe results of these surveys offer insight on clinical reference dosimetry practices and will be useful in identifying current and future needs for reference dosimetry.
Utopian Vision: A Grand Solution for a Scholarly Dilemma
Authors: Watts Roderick J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractReconciling the Zen‐like paradox on the back of every red penny—“out of many, one”—is not for the faint of heart. It is a diversity motto, and a lofty desire that the United States claims to covet. But can its citizens, undocumented or otherwise, even agree on what it is? Is not the desire to maintain a strong sense of community in conflict with a Noah's Ark conception of diversity? Using my personal experience in an intentional community determined to foster racial integration, I explore the complicated possibility of having it both ways. To do so, however, we must construct a notion of community, diversity, and The Good Life that will make us believe and work for this synthesis. Our reactions to the word “utopia” offer a glimpse of the challenges ahead.
Rhenium‐Catalyzed Construction of Polycyclic Hydrocarbon Frameworks by a Unique Cyclization of 1,n‐Diynes Initiated by 1,1‐Difunctionalization with Carbon Nucleophiles
Authors: Murai Masahito , Uemura Erika , Hori Shunsuke , Takai Kazuhiko 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA regioselective cyclization of 1,n‐diynes under rhenium catalysis was developed on the basis of a rare type of 1,1‐difunctionalization of terminal alkynes with carbon nucleophiles, followed by sequential addition reactions of the resulting alkenylrhenium species. The reaction provides an efficient approach to the synthesis of complex cyclopentane‐fused bi‐ and tricycles and spirocycles, which are useful building blocks for the construction of essential frameworks of biologically active compounds as well as functional materials, from simple starting materials by the formation of up to six new carbon–carbon bonds in a single step. The reaction proceeds under neutral conditions and does not require external ligands or additives. The key to this reactivity is the unique activation mode of the rhenium carbonyl complex, which prefers to interact with heteroatoms in polar carbon–heteroatom bonds as well as nonpolar carbon–carbon unsaturated π bonds.
Exploring uncertainty in population viability analysis and its implications for the conservation of a freshwater fish
Authors: McCusker Megan R. , Curtis Janelle M.R. , Lovejoy Nathan R. , Mandrak Nicholas E. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

A spatially explicit metapopulation viability model was created within RAMAS‐GIS to address questions related to the conservation and management of a freshwater species at risk (Notropis anogenus). Population viability analysis was conducted to evaluate extinction risk and sensitivity analyses were undertaken to identify the most important spatial and non‐spatial parameters influencing extinction and decline.
As biodiversity offsets are increasingly used to compensate for habitat loss, the population model was also used to explore the effectiveness of four potential offsetting mechanisms. In particular, this study addressed whether the impact of habitat loss on a species at risk could be compensated by: (i) increasing habitat elsewhere; (ii) increasing vital rates; (iii) increasing abundance; and (iv) increasing connectivity.
Results suggest that extinction risk is low for this metapopulation and that the risk of extinction was most sensitive to vital rates.
Compensating habitat loss with habitat gain, the most straightforward approach explored, was by far the most effective type of compensation. Increasing vital rates was the second most promising approach. Although increasing abundance and increasing connectivity could not be categorically ruled out, their effectiveness was much more limited.
Overall, this study provided insight into the influence of spatial and non‐spatial parameters on abundance, patch occupancy, and extinction risk of an aquatic species. This approach can be applied to a wide variety of species to evaluate the effect of ecosystem perturbations and inform management options.
Simple Nanodroplet Templating of Functional Surfaces with Tailored Wettability and Microstructures
Authors: Peng Shuhua , Zhang Xuehua 
Published: April 2017

AbstractRecently, solvent exchange has been demonstrated as a simple solution‐based approach for the controlled formation of surface nanodroplets over large areas. The as‐formed surface nanodroplets provide new opportunities for a wide range of droplet‐based applications. Herein, it is demonstrated that surface nanodroplets can be used as versatile structural templates for the fabrication of functional surfaces with tailored wettability and morphology. Guided by the microstructural and wetting properties of desert beetle's back and cactus spine, two types of functional surfaces have been prepared. The first biomimetic surface of desert beetle's back, with hydrophilic lumps on a hydrophobic background, was obtained by independent selective surface modification of polymerized surface nanodroplets and the background surface. The second surface, with anisotropic wetting microstructures, was fabricated by controlled deposition of droplets on the rim of polymer lenses. The results showed systematic improvement of wettability and efficiency of water collection by using the as‐prepared biomimetic surfaces, compared with substrates without the designed microstructures. This work demonstrates surface nanodroplets as a new type of template in the design and preparation of functional surfaces with controlled wettability and morphology.
A Numerical Approximation‐Based Controller for Mobile Robots with Velocity Limitation
Authors: Serrano Mario E. , Godoy Sebastián A. , Rómoli Santiago , Scaglia Gustavo J.E. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn this paper the problem of trajectory tracking considers that the values of the control actions do not exceed a maximum allowable value and the zero convergence of tracking errors is demonstrated. The control law is based on a linear algebra approach. First, the desired trajectories of some state variables are determined by analyzing the conditions for a system of linear equations to have an exact solution. Therefore, the control signals are obtained by solving the system of linear equations. The optimal controller parameters are selected through nonlinear programming so as to prevent the saturation of the control actions. Experimental results are presented and discussed, demonstrating the controller's good performance. Finally, the performance of the proposed controller is compared with a fuzzy controller, and all the results are validated through experimental laboratory tests.
Facile Synthesis of π‐Extended Viologens: Electron‐Deficient Polycyclic Aza‐aromatics
Authors: Yang Yihui , Liu Dayong , Song Mingjie , Shi Donghui , Liu Bo , Cheng Kunmu , Lu Yao , Liu Heng , Yang Mingyu , Wang Wenliang , Li Jing , Wei Junfa 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA novel family of π‐extended viologens has been synthesized by a concise 3‐step route from simple and readily available chemicals. The π‐enlargement gives the system new photophysical and electrochemical properties such as photoluminescence and changed redox potentials.
Paragenesis of Palladium–Cobalt Nanoparticle in Nitrogen‐Rich Carbon Nanotubes as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen‐Evolution Reaction and Oxygen‐Reduction Reaction
Authors: Huang Binbin , Chen Liyu , Wang Yan , Ouyang Liuzhang , Ye Jianshan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Liuzhang Ouyang and Jianshan Ye from South China University of Technology. The image depicts the structure of Pd‐CoCNTs and its usage as an electrocatalyst for hydrogen‐evolution reaction. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201700544.
Eine Magnetrührplatte selbst gebaut: Der ‚Magneto’
Authors: Wagner Tom 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMagnetrührplatten erleichtern nicht nur im Laboralltag die Arbeit, auch bei Schulexperimenten können durch kontinuierliches Rühren genauere Ergebnisse bei Langzeittitrationen oder kalorimetrischen Messungen erzielt werden. Im folgenden Artikel wird eine Bauanleitung vorgestellt, nach der mit einfachen Mitteln in kurzer Zeit eine kostengünstige und robuste Magnetrührplatte für den Chemieunterricht gebaut werden kann.
Electrical and Photoresponse Properties of Inversion Asymmetric Topological Insulator BiTeCl Nanoplates
Authors: Liu Yujing , Yin Jianbo , Tan Zhenjun , Wang Mingzhan , Wu Jinxiong , Liu Zhongfan , Peng Hailin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractTopological insulators (TIs) are new quantum materials with bulk energy gaps and unique helical gapless surface states protected by time‐reversal symmetry, providing a platform for the exploration of novel quantum phenomena and emerging applications. Bismuth tellurochloride (BiTeCl), the first strong inversion asymmetric topological insulator, has attracted considerable attention because of its exotic crystal structure and electrical band structure. Herein, we report the crystalline‐surface‐dependent n‐type and p‐type field effect transistors based on two‐dimensional (2D) BiTeCl nanoplates. The p‐type 2D BiTeCl exhibited a relatively strong photosensitivity with small dark current. Photovoltage generation in the vertical conducting channel of 2D BiTeCl is enhanced by 2–3 times in comparison with that in the planar conducting channel, presumably due to the enhanced separation efficiency of photogenerated electron–hole pairs induced by the existing built‐in electric field in polarized BiTeCl nanoplates. Our studies may encourage devoted efforts towards intrinsic topological p‐n junctions and high‐performance electrical and optoelectronic devices.
Gas‐Phase Photochemical Overall H2S Splitting by UV Light Irradiation
Authors: Baldovi Herme G. , Albero Josep , Ferrer Belen , Mateo Diego , Alvaro Mercedes , García Hermenegildo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSplitting of hydrogen sulfide is achieved to produce value‐added chemicals. Upon irradiation at 254 nm in the gas phase and in the absence of catalysts or photocatalysts at near room temperature, H2S splits into stoichiometric amounts of H2 and S with a quantum efficiency close to 50 %. No influence of the presence of CH4 and CO2 (typical components in natural gas and biogas in which H2S is an unwanted component) on the efficiency of overall H2S splitting was observed. A mechanism for the H2 and S formation is proposed.
Metal–Phenolic Carbon Nanocomposites for Robust and Flexible Energy‐Storage Devices
Authors: Oh Jun Young , Jung Yeonsu , Cho Young Shik , Choi Jaeyoo , Youk Ji Ho , Fechler Nina , Yang Seung Jae , Park Chong Rae 
Published: April 2017

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the group of Chong Rae Park at Seoul National University. The image shows that metal– phenolic network on carbon nanotubes can provide unique capacitive performances and mechanical properties for supercapacitor electrodes. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.201601615.
Timing and body condition of dichromatic Black Redstarts during autumn migration
Authors: Roth Tobias , Bader Elias , Frara Patrick , Heer Lorenz , Flück Heinz , Lüthi Thomas , Schlup Barbara , Schwaller Thomas 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIndividual variation in postjuvenile molt in male Black Redstart is pronounced with about 90% of young males retaining female‐like coloration (cairei plumage type) and about 10% acquiring adult male‐like feathers (paradoxus plumage type). We examined whether autumn migration timing and body condition differed between individuals of the two plumage types. We used the data of 10,977 Black Redstarts captured during autumn at a ringing site in northern Switzerland where a protocol to record plumage types of captures has been applied since 1980. As cairei individuals cannot be distinguished from young females while sexing is comparatively easy for paradoxus individuals, the proportion of missing data on sex was likely to be higher for cairei individuals than for paradoxus individuals. We formally accounted for captures with unidentified sex using a Bayesian approach and conducted a simulation study to show that our approach was able to provide unbiased results even if the proportion of unsexed captures was high. Applying the method to the Black Redstart data, we found that the proportion of individuals with paradoxus plumage type increased from 7.6% in 1980 to 18.1% in 2013. Individuals with the paradoxus plumage type were on average 0.25 g heavier and had 0.62 mm longer third primaries than individuals with the cairei plumage type. However, we found no support for our expectation of later migration of paradoxus males compared to cairei individuals based on the assumption that paradoxus individuals should occupy autumn territories like adult males. Our results shed new light on the understudied timing of autumn migration in birds and are in line with available studies on Black Redstarts, suggesting a molt‐constraint that allows only young males in good body condition to molt into adult‐like plumages.