bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variations of Anterior Skull Base Seen on Computed Tomography Scans of the Paranasal Sinuses
Authors: Shenoy Salonee , Patil Prashant H. , Ankle Nitin R. , Jadhav Ajinkya V. 
Published: October 2024

Context:
The anterior skull base (ASB) and the paranasal sinuses are known for anatomical variations. Therefore, a preoperative assessment for the assessment of these variations is a necessity. This study aims to determine the profile of variations of the ASB using computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses (CT-PNS) scans.

Settings and Design:
Observational Study.

Materials and Methods:
Forty CT-PNS scans were studied with measurement of different parameters.

Statistical Analysis:
Observational study analysis – Descriptive stats, t-tests, Chi-square, nonparametric tests, analysis of variance, regression, P < 0.05 significance level. A significance level of P < 0.05 was used for all tests.

Results:
Seventeen male and 23 female CT-PNS scans were studied. Different measurements on the right and left sides, as well as between genders, were examined and compared. The supraorbital ethmoidal cell is the most often seen anatomical variation. Variations in the ASB are equally visible on both sides in men and on the right in females (Type-II > Type-1). Type I was more common among female, whereas Type II was more common. The existence of the anterior ethmoidal foramen is a dependable marker for the anterior ethmoidal artery. In the group under investigation, there was no lamina papyracea abnormality.

Conclusion:
This study aims to assess anatomical variations in the Indian population undergoing ASB surgeries, contributing to the current understanding of Indian paranasal sinuses and skull base dynamics.
Efficacy of combined use of octreotide and sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate in patients with cirrhosis complicated with severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Hao Juanzhi , Zhang Peijuan , Fan Liqing , Jiang Shunshun 
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To assess the prognosis of liver cirrhosis complicated with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) after treatment with octreotide in combination with sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate.
Methods: A total of 164 patients with cirrhosis complicated with SAP were randomly assigned to two groups, each with 82 patients. Serum levels of inflammatory factors, as well as vascular endothelial function and liver function indices were determined. Treatment outcomes in the patients were recorded in terms of abdominal pain relief time, gastrointestinal function recovery time, hospital stay duration, and incidence of complications.
Results: Relative to the control group, there were decreases in concentrations of inflammatory indices in the study cohort. Endothelial function index levels increased in the two groups, but the levels of endothelin (ET) and von Willebrand Factor (vWF) decreased more in the study group of patients, when compared to the control group, while nitric oxide (NO) level was raised (p < 0.05). Liver function improved in both groups. There were marked reductions in serum ALT, AST and total bilirubin (TBIL) in study cohort, relative to the control cohort (p < 0.05). However, albumin (ALB) levels were comparable in the two groups. Abdominal pain relief time, duration of hospitalization and time taken for normal digestive system function were shorter in the study cohort (p < 005). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that after treatment with octreotide and sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate, values of area under the curve (AUC) for abdominal pain relief time, gastrointestinal function recovery time and hospital stay were 0.886, 0.918 and 0.794, respectively.
Conclusion: The combined use of octreotide and sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate inhibits the release of inflammatory factors in cirrhotic patients with SAP, and improves vascular endothelial and liver functions, thereby improving disease prognosis. These data constitute a good scientific basis for the use of octreotide and sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate in the treatment of liver cirrhosis complicated with SAP.
Efficacy of Qingying decoction and Wuling powder in the treatment of renal hematuria: A traditional Chinese medicine approach
Authors: Tao Rui , Yu Shuxiang , Lu You , Zhai Lan , Zhang Hongsheng , Yang Xiao 
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of combining Qingying decoction with Wuling powder in the treatment of renal hematuria.
Method: Seventy-six patients diagnosed with renal hematuria in the Emergency General Hospital and Nanmofang Community Health Service Center in Chaoyang District of Beijing, China were randomized equally into study and control groups. Control group received standard Western treatment in addition to Shenyan Rehabilitation tablets while study group received a combination of Qingying decoction and a modified Wuling powder alongside standard treatment for eight weeks. Treatment effectiveness was evaluated using urinary red blood cell count (URBC), urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), urinary β 2-microglobulin (β2-MG) and α 1-microglobulin (α1-MG) levels, serum levels of complement components 3 (C3) and 4 (C4), immunoglobulin A (IgA), and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome scores.
Results: There was a significant difference in total therapeutic effectiveness between study and control groups (p < 0.01). Study group showed significantly improved hematuria and total syndrome scores (p < 0.01). The study group showed significantly lower URBC, UACR, β 2-MG, α 1-MG, IgA, and C3 levels compared to the control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Treatment with Qingying decoction and Wuling powder demonstrates efficacy in managing renal hematuria, regulates urinary red blood cell counts, reduces symptoms, and lowers early renal impairment. Future studies in multiple centers using larger number of patients to determine the mechanisms of these drug actions and interactions and other related factors would be required.
Effect of anti-osteoporotic drugs in reducing risk of refracture after percutaneous vertebroplasty
Authors: Wang Fengyao , Wang Fengna , Sun Tianyu 
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of anti-osteoporotic drugs in lowering risk of refracture after percutaneous vertebroplasty. Methods: The study involved 80 patients who underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty in The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China between August 2020 and July 2022. The study group (n = 40) received postoperative rehabilitation in addition to anti-osteoporotic drugs for 6 months), while the control group (n = 40) received routine postoperative rehabilitation from the time of surgery completion to 3 months postoperative. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were compared before surgery, 3 days, 3 months, and 6 months postoperative. Changes in the middle height of the vertebral body and bone density T-score of the surgical and adjacent vertebrae before and at end of follow-up, and refracture rates were compared.Results: The study group showed significantly lower VAS and ODI scores at 3 and 6 months after surgery compared to control group (p < 0.05). Both groups showed significant increase in vertebral body height before surgery (p < 0.05), with no significant difference at last follow-up (p > 0.05). Also, the study group showed significant increase in bone density in the surgical and adjacent vertebrae compared to control group at last follow-up (p < 0.05). Refracture rate was significantly lower in study group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Administering anti-osteoporotic drugs after percutaneous vertebroplasty significantly alleviates pain, improves vertebral bone density, and reduces risk of refracture. However, a largesample, multicenter, randomized prospective study to validate these findings is recommended.
Memory-enhancing activity of verapamil in murine models of stress
Authors: Eduviere Anthony T. , Otomewo Lily O. , Udi Onoriode A. , Opajobi Adefunke O. , Moke Emuesiri G. 
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To evaluate the benefit of verapamil on stress-induced memory impairment in mice.
Methods: Forty-eight (48) mice were used in this study. They were divided into two equal groups based on the two models of stress used in this study (sleep deprivation and hypoxia). Each model was further divided into 4 groups of six animals each. The mice in the sleep deprivation model were suspended on a platform above water while in the hypoxic model, mice were locked in an airless container for 20 min daily throughout the experiment. As for the intervention, 25 and 50 mg/kg verapamil were preadministered via the oral route to study groups, except the normal control group and negative control group in both models. After seven-day stress and intervention, the mice were subjected to behavioural tests (Y-maze and object recognition tests), biochemical assays (for acetylcholinesterase activity) and histochemical analysis.
Results: Stress caused a significant (p < 0.05) impairment in the consolidation and retrieval of working and recognition memories. Also, acetylcholinesterase activity was significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced in the stressed groups when compared to control groups. Similarly, the histological analysis revealed a significant decline in population (p < 0.05), distribution and density of viable neurons in specific areas of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. These alterations were significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated in verapamil-treated groups almost in a dose-dependent pattern.
Conclusion: Verapamil displays significant memory-enhancing effects in two (2) murine models of stress. Antihypertensives should therefore be considered a viable prospect in the management of stress-related memory disorders after additional studies have been done to establish the mechanisms of action.
The Role of Non-State Actors in the Linguistic Policy in the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Tulum A. S. 
Published: October 2024

This article examines the evolving role of non-state actors in the politics of language, using the postSoviet Republic of Moldova as a case study. Over the past half-century, the increasing influence of non-state actors in global political systems has led to shifts not only in international relations but also in domestic policy areas such as language policy. Traditionally the exclusive domain of the state, language policy has become an arena of interaction between the state and various non-state actors, including political parties and non-governmental organizations. This interaction, termed the «politics of language,» extends beyond national borders, particularly in cases where a country's population is linked to kin states. In Moldova, the political landscape is divided between pro-Russian Moldovanists, who advocate for a distinct Moldovan identity and the use of “Moldovan” as the state language, and pro-Romanian Romanianists, who promote Romanian identity and language. The research identifies the key actors in Moldova's language politics and reveals that, during the country's independence, the politics of language has shifted from a conflict between the state and intellectual elites to a more complex set of relations between multiple actors, with Romanianists gaining influence. The role of the state has been significantly weakened, as evidenced by the Constitutional Court's reduced capacity to maintain constitutional stability, becoming instead a tool for non-state actors.
ICTS as Tools for Local Development: Santa Elena Province; A View from the SDGs
Authors: León-Valle Benjamin Wilson , Gómez Milena Katherine Borbor , Rodríguez Erika Alexandra Pozo , Vélez Wilson Zambrano , Cobos-Alvarado Fabian , Peñaherrera-León Mónica 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Currently, there are social problems that affect humanity, one of them is the gap between knowledge of ICTs and their application in social networks for access to information in a timely manner in order to contribute to personal and professional development and contribution to the development of the community. The State provides opportunities based on programs, projects and strategies to direct aid and educate the population in the digital age.

Objective: The research objective is to determine the way in which ICTs are used as tools for local - community development through the qualitative-quantitative approach to strengthen the development of the Amantes de Sumpa neighborhood in the Province of Santa Elena.

Method: The methodological process applied in this topic is descriptive and deductive, as well as the types of documentaries, field; as well as the population that will be stratified in the neighborhood, which was investigated through the survey and the interview with the neighborhood leader. The reliability of the Likert-type instrument was also carried out by calculating Cronbach's Alpha, which was 0.833.

Results and conclusions: The people participating in the research stated that it is important to develop care agreements, promote technological services, since access will allow improving the productive activities of entrepreneurs in the Amantes de Sumpa neighborhood, and promote an electronic commerce system that can be installed from public or community institutions in such a way that this serves for the permanent dissemination of the economic activities carried out by the neighborhood sector.
The Role and Place of the Legislative Power in War Conditions (The Case of Ukraine)
Authors: Turchynov Kyrylo Oleksandrovych , Velychko Valeriy Oleksandrovych , Riabchenko Olena Petrivna , Demchenko Ivan Serhiyovych , Karyy Volodymyr Viktorovych , Yatskovyna Vitalii Vitaliiovych 
Published: October 2024

Objective: The purpose of the article is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the role and place of the legislative power in Ukraine during and after martial law, in particular, by examining the functions and challenges arising from the war, and to identify prospects for improving Ukrainian parliamentarism by adapting to European standards and harmonizing domestic legislation with EU legal norms.

Theoretical Framework: The theoretical basis for this study is the scientific studies dedicated to legislative power in Ukraine and abroad, particularly considering its key role in building a democratic society and the rule of law. The issues addressed in the article are examined through the processes of harmonization of Ukrainian legislation with EU law.

Method: The research methods used are: monographic analysis, analysis and synthesis, systematic, generalization, forecasting, etc.

Results and Discussion: The role of the legislative power in the conditions of the military conflict, its functioning and influence on the stability and efficiency of state administration is analyzed in the article. The importance of the place of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine in the system of separation of powers is substantiated in view of the functions it performs during the war, in particular, the adoption of laws for mobilization, defense and economic support, as well as control over the activities of the executive power and legitimization of the introduction of martial law through the approval of presidential decrees of Ukraine.

Contributions: The state of protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens in accordance with international standards during armed conflict is analyzed. The directions for the development of the legislative power after the end of this conflict are revealed, in particular regarding the restoration of the constitutional order, the reform of legislative processes and the reintegration of the affected regions.
LONGE DAS LOUSAS E ATRÁS DAS TELAS: OS DESAFIOS DO ENSINO REMOTO, EM CONTEXTO PANDÊMICO
Authors: Santos da Encarnação Wanderleia 
Published: October 2024

Os desafios das práticas docentes sempre fizeram parte da história da educação no Brasil. Com o abrupto fechamento das escolas, em consequência do advento da pandemia da Covid-19 no ano de 2020, surgiu a necessidade de adequar o ensino presencial às mediações on-line, docentes, que antes estavam condicionados às aulas presenciais meramente expositivas, onde a lousa e o pincel eram as principais ferramentas para as mediações, abruptamente se veem atrás das telas de computadores e celulares, durante as mediações à distância, e as ferramentas tecnológicas se tornam essenciais nesse modelo de ensino. Baseado nisso, esse trabalho tem como objetivo geral: compreender os desafios enfrentados por docentes do Ensino Básico no contexto das escolas públicas de Manaus, no ano de 2021. Para tratar dessa temática elencou-se alguns objetivos específicos: Observar quais foram as mudanças significativas entre as mediações presenciais e as mediações remotas. Identificar os instrumentos tecnológicos de ensino on-line mais utilizados e qual teve mais eficácia no contexto das escolas públicas. Analisar a propostas de ensino do Projeto Aula em Casa. No que concerne à esta pesquisadora, é indispensável promover alternativas que viabilizem e proporcionem o acesso as ferramentas tecnológicas à toda comunidade escolar, para que assim os docentes consigam desenvolver um trabalho com excelência no contexto do ensino remoto emergencial, evitando perdas significativas na aquisição da aprendizagem.
The League of Gentlemen
Authors: Hunt Leon 
Published: October 2024

Part sitcom, part sketch show, part “Kitchen Sink,” part “Northern Gothic,” The League of Gentlemen is one of British television’s most innovative and enduring comedy series. Set in the northern town of Royston Vasey, the series introduced viewers to homicidal Local Shop keepers Tubbs and Edward, vindictive training officer Pauline, demonic butcher Hilary Briss, and the nightmarish circus owner Papa Lazarou. Such was the series’ effect that the word “local” would never seem the same again.
The majority of these grotesque characters were played by Mark Gatiss, Steve Pemberton and Reece Shearsmith, who created and wrote the series with Jeremy Dyson. In addition to creating a unique world, where the mundane collided with the macabre, the League showcased a versatility in its performers rarely seen in TV comedy.
Leon Hunt’s entertaining and illuminating study offers the most sustained analysis of the series. Drawing on original interviews with Dyson and Gatiss, he traces the League’s evolution, from fringe theater to radio to television, from sketch-based material to the longer narratives of the Christmas Special and the contentious third series. Hunt contextualises the series as a “cult classic,“ discussing its place within traditions of British comedy, its references to horror and fantasy and its creation of a grotesque and self-contained world.
Edge of Darkness
Authors: Caughie John 
Published: October 2024

Edge of Darkness (BBC, 1985) is a conspiracy thriller, a psychological drama, and a mythic tale of the death and regeneration of the planet. Written by Troy Kennedy Martin, directed by Martin Campbell, and produced by Michael Wearing, it marks one of the points of a British television drama, which was both popular in its generic appeal and groundbreaking in its narrative style.
Broadcast at a time of high paranoia about the secret state, the hazards of nuclear energy and nuclear weapons proliferation, Edge of Darkness stars Bob Peck as Craven, a CID detective investigating the death of his environmental activist daughter, played by Joanne Whalley. His search for the truth leads him into a murky world of conspiracy involving the nuclear industry and the CIA (with Joe Don Baker in a bravura performance as the CIA agent Darius Jedburgh).
John Caughie's insightful study of the series situates it in the political context of the 1980s and in the context of British television drama in transition. He traces Edge of Darkness's exploration of the pathology of grief, developing notions of paranoia, myth and magical thinking to highlight the ways in which Troy Kennedy Martin takes the political thriller beyond politics.
The book includes an Afterword by the screenwriter, Troy Kennedy Martin.
Seinfeld
Authors: Mirzoeff Nicholas 
Published: October 2024

One of the most popular tv sitcoms ever broadcast, Seinfeld (1990–98) was ostensibly a show ‘about nothing’, with its creator Larry David decreeing that it should contain ‘no hugging, no learning’. Nicholas Mirzoeff’s insightful and engaging study of the series argues that Seinfeld was very much about something, as Jerry Seinfeld and his friends Elaine, George and Kramer constantly seek to establish a set of rules for everyday life. In a series of thematic chapters, Mirzoeff explores Seinfeld’s obsession with ‘the rules’ in the key areas of comedy itself, dating and relationships and Jewishness, and how to be a New Yorker, wherever you happen to live.
Mirzoeff situates Seinfeld as an expression of Clinton-era America, from its consistently ironic take on social life and its fixation on how to describe it, to the changing culture of sexuality and ethnicity. In the spirit of Seinfeld itself, this is a reflective, funny and occasionally digressive account of what it is to watch television.
Serial Television
Authors: Creeber Glen 
Published: October 2024

Serial Television focuses on contemporary television drama, offering detailed accounts of hugely popular, influential and ground-breaking shows such as The Sopranos, Queer as Folk, Sex and the City, Twin Peaks, This Life, Prime Suspect, Cold Lazarus, The Kingdom, Holocaust, Heimat and Roots.
The author argues that the demise of the single play has not meant the end of original, challenging and innovative television drama. Instead, he seeks to reveal how contemporary television drama is frequently more complex, radical and multi-layered than its historical predecessors.
In particular, the book examines how serial dramas have breathed new life into representations of gender politics and refreshed genre formats while also re-considering trends such as ‘Art Television’, ‘Soap Drama’ and the power of the historical mini-series.
The author gives a lucid and revealing account of some of the most watched, revered and original drama to come out of television in the last thirty years.
An integrative taxonomic revision of the Chaerophyllum hirsutum complex (Apiaceae) using morphological and molecular markers
Authors: Reinhart Thomas , Guillon Lucile , Begoc Thomas , Chapotin Pauline , Reduron Jean-Pierre , Espinosa Prieto Armando , Hardion Laurent 
Published: October 2024

Background and aims – Chaerophyllum hirsutum represents a complex of taxa with varying treatments and ranks across floras. Using both morphometric and molecular markers, we assessed the robustness of C. hirsutum, C. elegans, C. villarsii, and C. villarsii var. cicutariiforme.
Material and methods – Ten morphometric variables and two ratios were calculated. Based on the sequencing of six plastomes, the rps16 intron was selected as the more variable region and sequenced on a broader sampling. Additionally, we also sequenced the nrDNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) using Illumina technology to obtain intra-individual allelic diversity.
Key results – Morphologically, the most easily differentiated taxon was C. elegans, especially using the number of subterminal umbels. The distinction between C. hirsutum and C. villarsii was rather clinal, but is mainly based on the degree of carpophore division. Finally, C. villarsii var. cicutariiforme was less easily distinguishable from the three others, but partly using the carpophore length and the total length of basal leaf blade. The cpDNArps16 clearly distinguished C. elegans from the three other taxa of the complex, which rather showed a geographical pattern of cpDNA diversity. The nrDNA ITS2 partially distinguished C. villarsii from the other taxa, without distinction of C. elegans.
Conclusions – The present study supports the species differentiation of C. elegans based on both morphology and chloroplast genome. Furthermore, C. villarsii var. villarsii and C. villarsii var. cicutariiforme could potentially be recognized as distinct varieties within C. hirsutum. This will need to be confirmed by future studies using a larger sampling size and more comprehensive markers, covering a broader portion of the nuclear genome.