bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peroral Tramadol Premedication Increases Postoperative Nausea and Delays Home-Readiness in Day-Case Knee Arthroscopy Patients
Authors: Liukkonen K. , Santanen U. , Pere P. , Erkola O. , Rautoma P. 
Published: July 2017

Background and Aims: To evaluate the effect of preoperative oral tramadol on postoperative pain and its effect on the patient's home-readiness after diagnostic day-case knee arthroscopy performed under spinal anaesthesia. Material and Methods: We studied 156 outpatients in a prospective, randomized, double-blind fashion to examine the postoperative analgesic effect of preoperative oral slow-release tramadol. Postoperative pain was measured using a 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS). Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and the patients home-readiness were assessed. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the postoperative VAS scores between the tramadol and placebo groups, nor was there any significant difference in the need for postoperative pain medication. Patients in the tramadol group had higher incidence of PONV and they were discharged from hospital later than those given placebo although the tramadol patients required less intravenous midazolam for sedation. Conclusions: Preoperatively given slow-release tramadol is ineffective for reduction of postoperative pain after day-case arthroscopy of the knee. Additionally, preoperative tramadol is associated with higher incidence of PONV and it seems to cause delay in the patient's home-readiness.
Epidemiological Trends of Colorectal Cancer in the Nordic Countries
Authors: Malila N. , Hakulinen T. 
Published: July 2017

Cancer of the colorectum is the second most common cancer in the Nordic countries, after breast cancer. In this report, following Møller et al. (Eur J Cancer Prev 2002; 11 Suppl: S1–96), trends in incidence of colon and rectum cancers in the five Nordic countries are presented from 1958–1962 to 1993–1997, with future predictions for 2003–2007. The data originate from population-based cancer registries in each of the Nordic countries. Two thirds of the cases are colon cancers and one-third rectum cancers. From 1958–1962 to 1993–1997, the incidence of colon cancer has increased in all Nordic countries and the rates are predicted to increase further in Finland, Iceland, and Norway. The incidence rate of rectum cancer has increased slightly in Finland, Iceland, and Sweden, whereas the rate has decreased steadily in Denmark, originally a high-incidence country. In Norway the rates have increased substantially in both genders. Marked differences exist between individual Nordic countries in colorectal cancer incidence trends and known dietary or other life style associated factors cannot fully explain them.
Stability of Internally Fixed Femoral Neck Fractures Augmented with Resorbable Cement
Authors: Mattsson P. , Larsson S. 
Published: July 2017

Background and Aims: Internal fixation of displaced femoral neck fractures is associated with a high risk for complications such as non-union or avascular necrosis. A stable fracture fixation can improve prognosis although stability is often counteracted by weak osteoporotic bone. The aim with this study was to evaluate whether augmentation with resorbable calcium-phosphate cement could improve fracture stability during the early period after surgery as shown in biomechanical studies. Material and Methods: 40 ambulatory patients with a displaced femoral neck fracture were randomized to treatment with cannulated screws alone (controls) or screws combined with calcium-phosphate cement for augmentation (augmented). All patients were allowed unrestricted weight bearing after surgery. Fracture movement was measured with radiostereometry (RSA) at 1 and 6 weeks. Results: At 1 week the augmented fractures had moved on average 1.9±1.0 mm while movement in the controls was 5.5±3.4 mm (p < 0.0001). The average total movement at weeks was 6.9±2.9 mm and 10.9±5.1 mm, respectively (p < 0.005). Varus angulation and distal migration of the femoral head were the most common movements for both groups although augmented fractures had moved significantly less at both 1 and 6 weeks. There were no significant differences in angulation between groups around the longitudinal and transversal axes or in migration along the transverse or sagittal axes. Conclusion: Augmentation with calcium-phosphate cement improved the stability of internally fixed femoral neck fractures during the first six weeks after surgery, with improvement being less pronounced at six weeks compared with at one week.
Investigating the Attitudes of Health-Care Professionals towards the Use of Integrated Care Pathways in a District General Hospital: A Thematic Analysis of Focus Group Discussion
Authors: Claridge Tanya , Parker Dianne , Cook Gary 
Published: July 2017

Context: Integrated care pathways (ICPs) are an increasingly common approach to the standardization and integration of health-care practice in the NHS. They delineate interdisciplinary critical decision points and evidence-based daily treatment regimens for patients in specific disease groups. ICP champions assert that they have the potential to decrease medical errors, increase the accuracy of data capture, increase the efficiency of personnel and ultimately improve the quality of patient care. Despite the theoretical benefits of ICP use, there was anecdotal evidence of staff unease and audit evidence of variable compliance with ICPs at a district general hospital (DGH). Objective: This focus group study was one of the three interdependent methodologies used to investigate the attitudes of health-care professionals towards ICPs in a DGH. It was anticipated that thematic analysis of the focus group discussion would facilitate further the interpretation of qualitative data already analysed in a previous phase of the project, and inform the development of a survey questionnaire investigating the attitudes of the health-care professionals towards ICPs. Design: Ten focus groups comprising on average, six health-care professionals were conducted. The staff involved included doctors, nurses, professions allied to medicine, a member of the Community Health Council and non-clinical managers. The focus groups included staff with a range of seniority and speciality. Results: Analysis of the data achieved facilitated the confirmation and identification of themes underpinning the focus group discussion. These are reported here and illustrated by representative quotations. Conclusion: The focus group study provided a valuable insight into the attitudes regarding ICPs of over 60 health-care professionals. The themes identified were used to facilitate the development of a survey questionnaire to explore them in a quantifiable way. Focus group methodology proved to be a useful way to explore emerging issues in depth, and to observe areas of disagreement among staff.
Integrated Care Pathway to Promote the Health of Looked after Children
Authors: Simkiss D E 
Published: July 2017

Background: There are currently major national drivers set out in the Children Act 2004 and the National Service Framework for Children, Young People and Maternity Services that require closer working between statutory agencies, the voluntary sector and young people. Integrated care pathway methodology was used to improve the coordination of health assessments for looked after children. Methods: A working group of looked after children, health, education and social-care professionals, and a care pathway facilitator was established. Meetings were held with all interested parties. National guidance, ‘Promoting the Health of Looked After Children’, was incorporated into a process map for this service in Birmingham. Results: The outcomes include the process itself and a set of operational products. The process enabled young people and different professionals to better understand each other's roles and perspectives. The operational products included a process map and detailed care pathway, new health assessment documentation, an audit tool and a variance reporting strategy. Conclusions: An integrated care pathway process is a useful tool in facilitating closer working between agencies and young people. It can establish inter-agency governance procedures fundamental to delivering a Children's Trust model of working.
The Variability of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Decline in Alport Syndrome
Authors: Langsford David , Tang Mila , Djurdjev Ognjenka , Er Lee , Levin Adeera 
Published: July 2017

Background: A progressive trajectory toward renal failure is common in patients with Alport syndrome. Genotype-phenotype correlations have been well described; however, the natural history of the trajectory toward renal failure is not well described. Objective: The objective of this study is to describe the natural history of renal function decline in a cohort of Alport syndrome patients. Design: Retrospective observational cohort study. Setting: British Columbia, Canada, chronic renal disease registry 1995-2012. Patients: 37 biopsy proven Alport syndrome or hematuria with family history of Alport syndrome. Measurements: Serial estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) Trajectory of renal decline described graphically by fitting a cubic smoothing spline to patient’s eGFR measures. Various time points within a trajectory were indexed, randomly sampled, and followed for 2 years to estimate portion of progressors (>5 mL/min/1.73 m2 /y decline), stable state (0-2 mL/min/1.73 m2 /y decline), and regressors (>2 mL/min/1.73 m2 /y incline). Methods: In this retrospective observational cohort study, participants were identified through a chronic renal disease registry in British Columbia, Canada, from 1995 to 2012. Inclusion criteria were biopsy proven or hematuria with a family history of Alport syndrome. Individual patients and family group members were studied. Trajectory of renal decline described graphically by fitting a cubic smoothing spline to patient’s serial estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measures. Various time points within a trajectory were indexed, randomly sampled, and followed for 2 years to estimate portion of progressors (>5 mL/min/1.73 m2/y decline), stable state (0-2 mL/min/1.73 m2/y decline), and regressors (>2 mL/min/1.73 m2/y incline). Limitations: Histological or genetic evidence of Alport syndrome is not available in all patients. Results: Median follow-up time was 48.2 months of 37 patients (78% male), with a median age of 36 (interquartile range [IQR], 18-47) and a median age of renal replacement therapy commencement (n = 23) of 38 (IQR = 20-52). Renal function changes were found to be heterogeneous overall, intra-individual and within families. Portion of progressors in eGFR 45-60 mL/min/1.73 m2 was 73.7% (SD, 10.3), whereas 23.6% (SD, 11.0) remained stable. Within eGFR 30-45 mL/min/1.73 m2, 45.6% (SD, 7.0) were progressors, whereas 53.4% (SD, 7.4) remained stable. A large portion of eGFR 15-30 mL/min/1.73 m2 patients were stable (54.8%; SD, 8.4), whereas 25.7% (SD, 7.1) progressed and 19.5% (SD, 5.6) regressed. Conclusions: The renal decline in Alport syndrome patients is heterogeneous which has implications for designing clinical trials of interventions.
Do Major League Baseball Team Physicians Harvest the Semitendinosus From the Drive Leg or Landing Leg When Performing Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction on Elite Baseball Pitchers?
Authors: Erickson Brandon J. , Chalmers Peter N. , Dugas Jeffrey R. , Bach Bernard R. , Nicholson Gregory P. , Verma Nikhil N. , Ahmad Christopher S. , Romeo Anthony A. 
Published: July 2017

Background: Hamstring autograft is a common graft choice when performing ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCLR). Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to survey Major League Baseball (MLB) team physicians and determine whether these physicians harvest the hamstring (semitendinosus or gracilis) from the drive leg (ipsilateral to surgical site) or landing leg (contralateral to surgical site) when performing UCLR on elite-level pitchers. The hypothesis was that the majority of surgeons harvest the hamstring from the drive leg when performing a UCLR. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Overall, 52 MLB team orthopaedic surgeons were sent the 5-question online survey. The survey assessed surgeon UCLR volume, surgical technique, which leg the hamstring graft was harvested from, the reasoning for choosing that particular leg, and whether the surgeon would change their practice if evidence showed the hamstring from one of the legs was more important than the other. The survey was sent out 5 separate times to maximize the response rate. Results: Forty (77%) MLB team physicians completed the survey. The largest number of surgeons (n = 16; 40%) performed between 5 and 14 UCLRs annually, while 6 (15%) performed more than 50 UCLRs annually. Most surgeons (n = 23; 57.5%) used the docking technique. Significantly more surgeons harvested the hamstring from the landing leg (n = 29; 72.5%) compared with the drive leg (n = 11; 27.5%) ( P = .007). More surgeons cited the reason for their choice of leg as a belief that the hamstring they harvested plays less of a role in the ability of a pitcher to generate a forceful pitch (n = 25; 62.5%) than for logistical reasons in the operating room (n = 15; 37.5%); this difference was not statistically significant. Significantly more surgeons would change their practice (n = 35; 87.5%) if evidence showed the hamstrings from a specific (drive or landing) leg to be more active in the throwing motion compared with those who would not ( P < .001). Conclusion: When performing a UCLR using hamstring autograft, the majority of MLB team physicians harvest the hamstring from the landing leg as opposed to the drive leg, as they believe the hamstring from the landing leg plays less of a role in generating a forceful pitch than that from the drive leg.
Draft genome sequences of strains Salinicola socius SMB35T, Salinicola sp. MH3R3–1 and Chromohalobacter sp. SMB17 from the Verkhnekamsk potash mining region of Russia
Authors: Olsson Björn E. , Korsakova Ekaterina S. , Anan’ina Lyudmila N. , Pyankova Anna A. , Mavrodi Olga V. , Plotnikova Elena G. , Mavrodi Dmitri V. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHalomonads are moderately halophilic bacteria that are studied as models of prokaryotic osmoadaptation and sources of enzymes and chemicals for biotechnological applications. Despite the progress in understanding the diversity of these organisms, our ability to explain ecological, metabolic, and biochemical traits of halomonads at the genomic sequence level remains limited. This study addresses this gap by presenting draft genomes of Salinicola socius SMB35T, Salinicola sp. MH3R3–1 and Chromohalobacter sp. SMB17, which were isolated from potash mine tailings in the Verkhnekamsk salt deposit area of Russia. The analysis of these genomes confirmed the importance of ectoines and quaternary amines to the capacity of halomonads to tolerate osmotic stress and adapt to hypersaline environments. The study also revealed that Chromohalobacter and Salinicola share 75–90% of the predicted proteome, but also harbor a set of genus-specific genes, which in Salinicola amounted to approximately 0.5 Mbp. These genus-specific genome segments may contribute to the phenotypic diversity of the Halomonadaceae and the ability of these organisms to adapt to changing environmental conditions and colonize new ecological niches.
Suplementos nutricionales en el desarrollo psicomotor y cognitivo en la infancia: Una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Soto-Salazar Carolina , Rueda-Rodríguez María Camila , De Castro Melissa , Castañeda-Cardona Camilo , Roselli Diego 
Published: July 2017

Introducción: en los últimos años, la malnutrición y su impacto en el desarrollo cognitivo y psicomotor de las personas ha cobrado interés, así como el uso de suplementos nutricionales en la dieta regular con el fin de evitar o disminuir los efectos negativos de una alimentación inadecuada en el desarrollo global de una persona. Dado que se conocen los requerimientos de elementos como el ácido docosahexaenoico (DHA) durante el desarrollo neurológico en las etapas más tempranas de la vida, resulta de gran importancia evaluar el alcance de la suplementación de estos componentes y su relación con la cognición en población
pediátrica.
Métodos: se realizó una revisión de la literatura en las bases de datos Embase y Pubmed teniendo en cuenta estudios que relacionaran la suplementación nutricional con ácidos grasos, hierro y zinc y las funciones cognitivas en niños.
Resultados: se encontró evidencia que sugiere que los suplementos nutricionales con ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (DHA y omega 3), hierro y zinc mejoran el desarrollo cognitivo de los niños.
Conclusiones:Los suplementos nutricionales con Omega 3, DHA, hierro y zinc podrían proporcionar beneficios en el desarrollo cognitivo, principalmente en lactantes y escolares sin efectos adversos de importancia.
Comportamiento del mercado inmobiliario entorno a un gran proyecto urbano
Authors: Barenboim Dra. Arq. Cintia Ariana 
Published: July 2017

La investigación se centra en el impacto económico que genero el gran proyecto urbano Puerto Norte en sus barrios aledaños de Refinería y Pichincha en la ciudad de Rosario.
El objetivo radica entonces en analizar los procesos de producción y valorización de estos dos barrios históricos, que contaban con terrenos vacantes y poco valorizados. Para ello se describen los lotes y casas antiguas que se ofertan, el incremento de la demanda, los nuevos agentes locales involucrados, los tipos de sub-mercados y los precios de terrenos e inmuebles, expresando las distintas modalidades de especulación.
Los principales resultados evidencian que Pichincha tuvo un desarrollo edilicio anterior al inicio de sus obras y de mayor envergadura mientras que Refinería sufre un impacto menor pero directamente vinculado con Puerto Norte. La mayor valorización se establece en las avenidas, relacionado directamente con la localización y el cambio normativo.
Das (unheimliche und) unsichere Tal der Assistenz und Automation – Beschreibung und Absicherungsmöglichkeiten
Authors: Flemisch Frank Ole , Altendorf Eugen , Canpolat Yigiterkut , Weßel Gina , Baltzer Marcel , Lopez Daniel , Herzberger Nicolas Daniel , Voß Gudrun Mechthild Irmgard , Schwalm Maximilian 
Published: July 2017

Zusammenfassung
Fortschritte in der Automatisierungstechnik ermöglichen es technischen Systemen immer mehr Aufgaben zu
übernehmen. Für die Gestaltung der Interaktion und Kooperation von Mensch und Maschine ist die Einschätzung
des Menschen bzgl. der Fähigkeiten der Maschine sicherheitsrelevant. Das Uncanny Valley der Robotik
beschreibt, wie Roboter mit hoher, aber nicht perfekter Menschenähnlichkeit als unheimlich wahrgenommen
werden. Bestehende Studien, z. B. für Luft- und Bodenfahrzeuge, deuten an, dass es einen ähnlichen Zusammenhang
zwischen Automationsgrad und Sicherheit geben könnte, da sich zwischen gut funktionierenden teil- und
hochautomatisierten Modi ein unsicheres Tal bildet, in welcher die Sicherheit des Systems stark reduziert ist. Es werden
Gestaltungsoptionen beschrieben, um diesen Bereich abzusichern.
Assistenz- und Autonomiefunktionen zur Entlastung des Fahrers in Offroad-Szenarien
Authors: Lüttel Thorsten , Ebert Felix , Faßbender Dennis , Fries Carsten , Heinrich Benjamin C. , Jaspers Hanno , Kallwies Jan , Naujoks Benjamin , Wünsche Hans-Joachim 
Published: July 2017

Zusammenfassung
Im Onroad-Bereich sind viele Fahrerassistenzsysteme bereits serienreif
oder stehen kurz davor. Ändert sich die Umgebung hin zu Offroad, so
sind aufgrund anderer Nutzeranforderungen und vor allem aufgrund der
Umgebungseigenschaften in vielen Fällen andere Assistenz- und
Autonomiefunktionalitäten gefordert. In diesem Artikel stellen wir vom
Institut für Technik Autonomer Systeme (TAS) entwickelte
Funktionalitäten vor, die den Fahrer in Offroad-Szenarien entlasten
können. Zum einen handelt es sich hier um einen Konvoi-Assistenten,
der das spurgetreue Folgen hinter einem anderen Fahrzeug ermöglicht,
zum anderen um einen Mule-Assistenten für den Lastentransport zwischen
zwei Lagern. Anhand von zwei Wettbewerbsszenarien aus der M-ELROB 2016
werden diese Funktionalitäten evaluiert.
No Human – No Cry?
Authors: Bengler Klaus , Winner Hermann , Wachenfeld Walther 
Published: July 2017

Zusammenfassung
Die Argumentation für eine zunehmende Automation der Fahraufgabe wird
häufig von dem Argument begleitet, dass damit der
Mensch/Fahrer als Ursache für Unfälle aus dem System getilgt werden
könnte. Allerdings wird hierbei erstens
übersehen, dass Unfälle seltene und multikausal
verursachte Ereignisse sind. Der Mensch stellt also
nicht den Alleinverursacher, sondern in vielen
Fällen sogar die letzte sehr wichtige Sicherheitskomponente im
System. In jeder Hinsicht ist daher eine objektive
Betrachtung der Fehlerverteilungen und der statistischen Zusammenhänge
der Unfallentstehung sinnvoll.
Breastfeeding and the gut-brain axis: is there a role for melatonin?
Authors: Anderson George , Vaillancourt Cathy , Maes Michael , Reiter Russel J. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The benefits of breastfeeding over formula feed are widely appreciated. However, for many mothers breastfeeding is not possible, highlighting the need for a significant improvement in the contents of formula feed. In this article, the overlooked role of melatonin and the melatonergic pathways in breast milk and in the regulation of wider breast milk components are reviewed. There is a growing appreciation that the benefits of breastfeeding are mediated by its effects in the infant gut, with consequences for the development of the gut-brain axis and the immune system. The melatonergic pathways are intimately associated with highly researched processes in the gut, gut microbiome and gut-brain axis. As the melatonergic pathways are dependent on the levels of serotonin availability as a necessary precursor, decreased melatonin is linked to depression and depression-associated disorders. The association of breastfeeding and the gut-brain axis with a host of medical conditions may be mediated by their regulation of processes that modulate depression susceptibility. The biological underpinnings of depression include increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, kynurenine pathway activity and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis, all of which can decrease melatonergic pathway activity. The inclusion of the melatonergic pathways in the biological interactions of breast milk and gut development has significant theoretical and treatment implications, as well as being important to the prevention of a host of infant-, child- and adult-onset medical conditions.
Design, synthesis, docking and in vitro antifungal study of 1,2,4-triazole hybrids of 2-(aryloxy)quinolines
Authors: Somagond Shilpa M. , Kamble Ravindra R. , Kattimani Pramod P. , Joshi Shrinivas D. , Dixit Sheshagiri R. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Substituted quinolines containing a 1,2,4-triazole moiety were synthesized using reported methods. The molecular docking studies support the experimental results that these compounds are active against A. fumigatus and C. albicans where N-myristoyl transferase (NMT) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), respectively, are the target enzymes. The analogues that contain methoxy and chloro substituents exhibit the best antifungal activity.