bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment and application of a new diagnostic definition of metabolic syndrome in the Shantou region of southern China
Authors: Ding Zan , Pi Fuhua , Zhang Shengchao , Dong Wenya , Wen Ye , Wu Jiang , Zhang Qingying 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe existing definitions of metabolic syndrome (MetS) may not be fully appropriate for the Shantou population because of ethnic and regional differences. We sought to establish a 95% multivariate medical reference range (MMRR) model for diagnosing MetS in Shantou adults and to evaluate the prevalence of MetS by the MMRR, JCDCG (the Chinese Guidelines) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. A total of 4,580 participants were recruited in Shantou, southern China. We developed a MMRR model based on the combinatorial indicatrixes method for three categorized indicatrixes. According to the developed MMRR criteria, men (women) in Shantou have MetS by meeting 3 or more of the following: waist circumference ≥89 (81) cm; triglycerides level ≥1.73 (1.64) mmol/L; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≤1.07 (1.05) mmol/L; blood pressure ≥138/89 (136/85) mmHg; and fasting plasma glucose ≥5.8 (5.7) mmol/L. The agreement of the MMRR with JCDCG and IDF criteria was “substantial” (both κ > 0.68), but the recommended reference values and proportion of individual components of MetS defined by the 3 criteria differed. The population-based MMRR criteria may be appropriate for diagnosing MetS in Shantou population and the model might be useful for generalization to other geographic regions.
Compact quasi‐planar broadband rectangular ring‐cavity power divider using inserted ground waveguide probe
Authors: Hu Shunyong , Song Kaijun , Fan Yong 
Published: February 2016

A compact broadband quasi‐planar rectangular ring‐cavity (RRC) power divider is presented. To realise the broadband impedance matching, the novel inserted ground waveguide probe structure is used. The equivalent circuit is given. The presented RRC power divider has been designed, fabricated and measured. The measured 15 dB return loss bandwidth is about 7.5 GHz (from 6.6 to 14.2 GHz). The measured results show reasonable agreement with the simulated one.
Design of a compact dual‐band branch line coupler using composite right/left‐handed transmission lines
Authors: Wang Q. , Lim J. , Jeong Y. 
Published: February 2016

The design of a compact dual‐band (DB) branch line coupler (BLC) using composite right/left‐handed (CRLH) transmission lines (TLs) is described. By properly choosing the parameters of the CRLH TLs, the structure yields phase responses of π/2 and −π/2 at two arbitrary operating frequencies. Employing this structure, a DB microstrip BLC operating at 0.93 and 1.78 GHz is achieved. The size of the proposed DB BLC is significantly compact, at 34.4% of the previous DB BLC when they are both designed using CRLH TLs for the same DB frequencies. The simulated and measured performances of the proposed DB BLC are reliable compared with those of the previous DB BLC.
100 MHz current generator with T/(T − t) time waveform in 0.35 μm BiCMOS technology
Authors: Tadić N. , Goll B. , Zimmermann H. 
Published: February 2016

A 0.35 μm BiCMOS current generator suitable for optical quantum random number generators is presented. The time dependence of the current pulses is of the form T/(T − t). The design uses the bipolar junction transistor translinear loop with two inputs supplied by a DC and one input supplied by a sawtooth current. The relative error of the measured waveform at 20 MHz is <3% in 97.5% of the time interval in which the current pulses have a rising slope. The current pulses can be generated up to a frequency of 100 MHz.
Broadband circularly polarised implantable antenna for biomedical applications
Authors: Li Hua , Guo Yong‐Xin , Xiao Shao‐Qiu 
Published: February 2016

A compact, broadband and single‐fed circularly polarised implantable patch antenna is numerically evaluated and experimentally demonstrated for industrial, scientific, and medical band (2.45 GHz) biomedical telemetry application. By inserting a cross‐shaped slot with unequal‐length arms in the ground plane, the proposed antenna can obtain improvement for both impedance bandwidth and axial ratio (AR) bandwidth, without increasing the backward radiation. The simulated −10 dB impedance and 3 dB AR bandwidths are 16.15% and 6.09%. The measured impedance bandwidth is 14.03%. The overall antenna size (including the superstrate) is 10 × 10 × 1.27 mm3.
Prävalenz und Therapie des fortgeschrittenen Prostatakarzinoms in
Daten der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung
Authors: Tomeczkowski J. , Brookman-May S. 
Published: February 2016

Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Das Prostatakarzinom (PCa) ist die zweithäufigste krebsbedingte Todesursache
des Mannes. Untersuchungsziel ist es, anhand von Krankenkassendaten (Sekundärdaten) die
Prävalenz des PCa mit und ohne weitere Neubildungen (Fern- und Nahmetastasen,
Zweittumoren) zu ermitteln und beim fortgeschrittenen PCa Angaben zur Chemo-, Hormon- und
Schmerztherapie zu machen.
Methodik: Basis war eine dynamische Krankenkassenkohorte der Jahre 2007 – 2010. Die
Stichprobe wurde anhand der KM6-Statistik für die Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung (GKV)
altersadjustiert hochgerechnet. PCa-Patienten wurden mittels ICD-10-Diagnose C61, eine
zusätzliche sekundäre Neubildung über die ICD-10 C77, C78 oder C79 identifiziert. Für 2010
wurde der Anteil an PCa-Patienten mit weiteren onkologischen Erkrankungen, bei Patienten
mit sekundären Neubildungen Art und Häufigkeit der abgerechneten Chemo-, Hormon- und
Schmerztherapie über ATC-Codes, Pharmazentralnummern (PZN) und Operationen- und
Prozeduren-Schlüssel (OPS) ermittelt. Nach Art der Schmerz- und/oder Anämietherapie wurden
die Patienten als asymptomatisch, mild-symptomatisch oder symptomatisch klassifiziert.
Ergebnisse: Die Prävalenz des PCa stieg in den Jahren 2007 – 2010 von 1,26 % auf
1,65 % und die des regionär- und fernmetastasierten PCa (mPCa) von 0,12 % auf 0,18 %.
35,7 % der mPCa-Patienten erhielten 2010 keine Hormon- oder Chemotherapie, 37,9 % nur eine
Hormontherapie und 26,4 % eine Chemotherapie. Anhand der Verordnungen von Analgetika und
Antianämika wurden 34,4 % als asymptomatisch, 30,3 % als mild-symptomatisch und 35,3 % als
symptomatisch eingestuft. Weitere onkologische Erkrankungen wurden bei 23,5 % der PCa- und
36,0 % der mPCa-Patienten nachgewiesen. Bei den 10,9 % PCa-Patienten mit Kodierung von
Metastasen entfielen 0,1 % auf regionäre pelvine Metastasen.
Schlussfolgerung: Die Prävalenz des PCa auf Basis der vorliegenden
Krankenkassendaten entspricht ungefähr der bisher berichteten. Der Anteil an Patienten mit
Chemotherapie erscheint mit 26,4 % zu niedrig vor dem Hintergrund, dass 35,3 % der
Patienten als symptomatisch eingestuft wurden. Der hohe Anteil von Patienten mit weiteren
onkologischen Erkrankungen und der niedrige Anteil an regionären Lymphknotenmetastasen
könnten ein Hinweis darauf sein, dass Metastasen nicht eindeutig diagnostiziert und/oder
kodiert werden.
Leptin signaling regulates glucose homeostasis, but not adipostasis, in the zebrafish
Authors: Michel Maximilian , Page-McCaw Patrick S. , Chen Wenbiao , Cone Roger D. 
Published: February 2016

Significance
The hormone leptin homeostatically maintains long-term fat stores in mammals. Made by adipocytes in proportion to total adipose mass, leptin functions by regulating behavioral, autonomic, and endocrine circuits in the CNS to control energy intake and expenditure. As leptin signals nutritional sufficiency, it also acts as a gating factor for reproductive maturation and competence. Defective leptin signaling in mammals results in hyperphagia, obesity, diabetes, and infertility. Much less is known about leptin in nonmammalian vertebrates; however, the teleost leptin homologue is not primarily expressed in adipocytes. Here we show that zebrafish leptin is not required for adipostasis, food intake, or reproduction. However, we show here that, as in mammals, zebrafish leptin retains a role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis.
Driver crash risk factors and prevalence evaluation using naturalistic driving data
Authors: Dingus Thomas A. , Guo Feng , Lee Suzie , Antin Jonathan F. , Perez Miguel , Buchanan-King Mindy , Hankey Jonathan 
Published: February 2016

Significance
This paper presents findings about the riskiest factors faced by drivers as informed through the first large-scale, crash-only analysis of naturalistic driving data. Results indicate that many secondary tasks or activities, particularly resulting from the use of handheld electronic devices, are of detriment to driver safety. The analysis uses a large naturalistic database comprising continuous in situ observations made via multiple onboard video cameras and sensors that gathered information from more than 3,500 drivers across a 3-y period.
Anthropogenic climate change drives shift and shuffle in North Atlantic phytoplankton communities
Authors: Barton Andrew D. , Irwin Andrew J. , Finkel Zoe V. , Stock Charles A. 
Published: February 2016

Significance
Phytoplankton play essential roles in marine food webs and global biogeochemical cycles, yet the responses of individual species and entire phytoplankton communities to anthropogenic climate change in the coming century remain uncertain. Here we map the biogeographies of commonly observed North Atlantic phytoplankton and compare their historical (1951–2000) and projected future ranges (2051–2100). We find that individual species and entire communities move in space, or shift, and that communities internally reassemble, or shuffle. Over the coming century, most but not all studied species shift northeastward in the basin, moving at a rate faster than previously estimated. These pronounced ecological changes are driven by dynamic changes in ocean circulation and surface conditions, rather than just warming temperatures alone.
Contact inhibition of locomotion determines cell–cell and cell–substrate forces in tissues
Authors: Zimmermann Juliane , Camley Brian A. , Rappel Wouter-Jan , Levine Herbert 
Published: February 2016

Significance
Many cell types organize into tissues (e.g., in the skin). In most adult tissues, cells are tightly anchored and attached to each other through intercellular adhesions. However, during embryonic development and wound repair, cells reorganize and migrate to (re)establish the desired tissue shape. This reorganization involves a complex interplay of cell motility, cell contractility, and cell–cell adhesion. Here, we use a computational model to study the forces generated by cells in tissues and the resultant cell motion. A basic hypothesis, namely that cell–cell contacts repolarize moving cells and suppress their ability to exert forces on the environment, allows us to explain heretofore surprising findings showing that tissues are under tension and that this tension increases with cell density.
Identification of a novel cell death-inducing domain reveals that fungal amyloid-controlled programmed cell death is related to necroptosis
Authors: Daskalov Asen , Habenstein Birgit , Sabaté Raimon , Berbon Mélanie , Martinez Denis , Chaignepain Stéphane , Coulary-Salin Bénédicte , Hofmann Kay , Loquet Antoine , Saupe Sven J. 
Published: February 2016

Significance
Programmed cell death plays a central role in host defense in plants, animals, and fungi, but the extent to which cell death modalities are evolutionarily related and mechanistically similar in different kingdoms is unclear. The involvement of prion-like mechanisms in host defense and cell death cascades has been reported in animals and fungi. In fungi, a cell death-inducing pore-forming protein termed HET-S is activated by amyloid templating. Here we characterize a protein termed HELLP, which behaves analogously to HET-S as a membrane-targeting cell death-inducing protein regulated by amyloid templating. We find that HELLP is homologous to MLKL, the protein involved in execution of necroptotic cell death in mammals, thus revealing transkingdom conservation of amyloid-regulated programmed cell death.
Predictable allele frequency changes due to habitat fragmentation in the Glanville fritillary butterfly
Authors: Fountain Toby , Nieminen Marko , Sirén Jukka , Wong Swee Chong , Lehtonen Rainer , Hanski Ilkka 
Published: February 2016

SignificanceUnderstanding how species respond to environmental changes is essential for comprehending their ecological and evolutionary dynamics. Changes in land use have led to widespread loss and fragmentation of many habitats, resulting in the extinction of innumerable populations and species. Here, using historical DNA samples from now extinct populations that used to live in a highly fragmented landscape, we demonstrate past natural selection for better colonizing capacity. We also found highly reduced genetic diversity in the isolated populations prior to their extinction. These results demonstrate that, although species may show adaptation to rapidly changing landscapes, the evolutionary changes may not be strong enough to offset the direct adverse effect of environmental change and thereby to rescue populations from extinction.
Spherical explosion with a central energy source
Authors: Masuyama Miyu , Shigeyama Toshikazu , Tsuboki Yoichiro 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
We present a novel semi-analytic solution that describes the propagation of a spherical blast wave driven by a central energy source. The initial density profile has a power-law function of the distance from the center and the energy is injected only into the central region at a rate given by a power-law function of time. This solution is composed of three regions separated by the contact surface and the shock front. The innermost region is assumed to be uniform and the outside of the contact surface includes the shocked matter described by self-similar solutions. We analytically derive the applicable range of parameters of this solution from requirements needed to satisfy the boundary conditions. We perform numerical simulations for flows with various values of parameters, some of which reside out of the thus-derived applicable range, and compare the results with the semi-analytic solutions.
Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents With and Without Chronic Pain
Authors: Bromberg Maggie H. , Law Emily F. , Palermo Tonya M. 
Published: February 2016

Objectives:Suicidal ideation (SI) is common during adolescence and may have lethal outcomes. Despite evidence of the high prevalence and impact of suicidality in adults with chronic pain (CP), remarkably little is known about suicidality in adolescents with CP. This study aimed to examine the rates and characteristics of SI in a clinical sample of adolescents with CP compared with youth without CP. We also examined the relationship between pain-related and psychosocial factors and SI in youth.Materials and Methods:Adolescents with (n=95) and without CP (n=91) completed self-reports of pain, functional disability, loneliness, family functioning, self-worth, and depressive symptoms including SI.Results:Rates of SI were not different in youth with CP when compared with those without ( JOURNAL/cjpn/04.03/00002508-201701000-00003/inline-formula1/v/2023-10-17T100533Z/r/image-tiff ,P>0.05). The content of suicidal thoughts also did not vary by group. Multivariate analysis showed an identical pattern of psychosocial correlates of SI in youth with and without CP; higher depressive symptoms and lower self-worth were associated with higher SI severity, controlling for demographics. Pain characteristics and functional disability were not significantly related to SI in youth with CP.Discussion:Contrary to hypotheses and past findings in adults with CP, adolescents with CP did not endorse SI more frequently than peers without CP. Several psychosocial correlates were significantly associated with SI severity in our sample. Findings from this study serve as a foundation for future research on SI and associated risk factors in this population.
A Phase I/II Study of Docetaxel, Oxaliplatin, and Fluorouracil (D-FOX) Chemotherapy in Patients With Untreated Locally Unresectable or Metastatic Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach and Gastroesophageal Junction
Authors: Blum Murphy Mariela A. , Qiao Wei , Mewada Nishith , Wadhwa Roopma , Elimova Elena , Takashi Taketa , Ho Linus , Phan Alexandria , Baker Jackie , Ajani Jaffer 
Published: February 2016

Background:
A randomized phase III study established docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (DCF) as one of the standard treatments for patients with untreated advanced gastric cancer (AGC). However, DCF use is limited due toxicity. With the purpose to evaluate a less toxic regimen, we conducted a single arm, phase I/II trial of modified DCF (oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and docetaxel [D-FOX]) for untreated AGC patients. The primary objective of the phase I study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose of docetaxel and for the phase II study was to assess the progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months and overall survival (OS).

Patients and Methods:
We enrolled a total of 98 patients with AGC. Docetaxel and oxaliplatin were administered intravenously on day 1 and 5-fluorouracil was infused starting on day 1 over 48 hours. Cycles were repeated every 2 weeks and patients were monitored for toxicities. Kaplan-Meir curve was used to estimate unadjusted OS and PFS.

Results:
The maximum tolerated dose of docetaxel was 50 mg/m2. In total, 24 (45%) patients experienced grade 2 adverse events, 22 (41%) experienced grade 3, and 1 (1.9%) experienced grade 4 toxicity. The median PFS in the phase II portion of the study was approximately 6.5 (95% confidence interval, 5.5-9.5) months and the median OS was 11.1 (95% confidence interval, 9.4-18.8) months.

Conclusions:
D-FOX administered every 2 weeks is a well-tolerated and active regimen in untreated AGC patients.
Histamine H2-Receptor Antagonist Use Is Associated With Lower Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Shen Huafeng , Liangpunsakul Suthat 
Published: February 2016

Background & Aim:
Recent basic mechanistic studies found that proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) or histamine antagonists inhibited multiple pathways involved in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development. The aim of this study was to investigate an association between PPIs or H1/H2-receptor antagonist (H1RA/H2RA) use and NAFLD prevalence in the general US population.

Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2006. We included 10,398 adults aged 20 to 74 years who had alanine aminotransferase data; of those, 2058 were identified as having NAFLD and 8340 as controls. PPI or H1RA/H2RA use was defined as use of prescription medications in the preceding month. The length of use was categorized as ≤60 days and >60 days. NAFLD was defined as elevated serum aminotransferases without any indication of other causes of chronic liver disease.

Results:
In the multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis, H2RA use was inversely associated with prevalent NAFLD [odds ratio (OR)=0.43, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.18-0.99], a finding that was primarily limited to men (OR=0.18, 95% CI, 0.04-0.79) and those with insulin resistance (OR=0.22, 95% CI, 0.05-0.95). However, no significant associations were found between PPI or H1RA use and prevalent NAFLD.

Conclusions:
These findings, from the first human study to investigate an association of PPI or H1RA/H2RA use with NAFLD, suggest that H2RA use may be associated with a lower prevalence of NAFLD, primarily among men with insulin resistance.
Explaining Missing Heritability Using Gaussian Process Regression
Authors: Sharp Kevin , Wiegerinck Wim , Arias-Vasquez Alejandro , Franke Barbara , Marchini Jonathan , Albers Cornelis A. , Kappen Hilbert J. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractFor many traits and common human diseases, causal loci uncovered by genetic association studies account for little of the known heritable variation. Such ‘missing heritability’ may be due to the effect of non-additive interactions between multiple loci, but this has been little explored and difficult to test using existing parametric approaches. We propose a Bayesian non-parametric Gaussian Process Regression model, for identifying associated loci in the presence of interactions of arbitrary order. We analysed 46 quantitative yeast phenotypes and found that over 70% of the total known missing heritability could be explained using common genetic variants, many without significant marginal effects. Additional analysis of an immunological rat phenotype identified a three SNP interaction model providing a significantly better fit (p-value 9.0e-11) than the null model incorporating only the single marginally significant SNP. This new approach, called GPMM, represents a significant advance in approaches to understanding the missing heritability problem with potentially important implications for studies of complex, quantitative traits.
Strategic resource management model and data envelopment analysis for benchmarking of Indian retailers
Authors: Gandhi Aradhana , Shankar Ravi 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to use strategic resource management (SRM) model and data envelopment analysis (DEA) for benchmarking Indian retailers. The study ascertains, how a retailer can benchmark its performance at company level, global level, store level and finally at merchandise category level using diverse strategies for inventory, space and people.Design/methodology/approach– The paper aims to use SRM model, for evaluating and comparing the performance of two generalized retailers Shoppers Stop and Trent. These two generalized retailers are benchmarked with another best-in-class retailer, Wal-Mart using the SRM model. The benchmarking exercise brings out improvement directions for the Indian retailers. In the next part of the study, economic efficiencies of 11 generalized retailers are ascertained using DEA model. Finally, a study is conducted to understand, how SRM model can be used as a planning tool for deciding alternative inventory, space and people strategies at store level as well as at merchandise category level.Findings– Based on the data for the year 2011-2012, Trent’s performance is comparatively better than Shoppers Stop. The paper offers suggestion to improve its performance. Next, it was found that the performance of Wal-Mart is superior to the two Indian retailers. The study offers direction to the two retailers to devise appropriate strategies to improve their performance. The study further ascertains the relative efficiencies of 11 generalized retailers in the country. Finally, an illustration of how a retailer can use the SRM model as a tool for planning alternative strategy for inventory, space and people in a particular merchandise category is offered using data from a retail firm. The study has used “Jeans” and “Toys” as two categories to demonstrate this concept.Practical implications– The examples considered in this paper can be used by practicing retailers to plan and benchmark their performance.Originality/value– The study proposes a method, by which retailers can examine ways to plan and improve their operations and profitability by using the SRM and DEA model. The study is therefore relevant to practicing retailers as well as academicians.