bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between subchondral bone structure and osteoarthritis histopathological grade
Authors: Finnilä Mikko A. J. , Thevenot Jérôme , Aho Olli‐Matti , Tiitu Virpi , Rautiainen Jari , Kauppinen Sami , Nieminen Miika T. , Pritzker Kenneth , Valkealahti Maarit , Lehenkari Petri , Saarakkala Simo 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTDespite increasing evidence that subchondral bone contributes to osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis, little is known about local changes in bone structure compared to cartilage degeneration. This study linked structural adaptation of subchondral bone with histological OA grade. Twenty‐five osteochondral samples of macroscopically different degeneration were prepared from tibiae of 14 patients. Samples were scanned with micro‐computed tomography (μCT) and both conventional structural parameters and novel 3D parameters based on local patterns were analyzed from the subchondral plate and trabecular bone. Subsequently, samples were processed for histology and evaluated for OARSI grade. Each bone parameter and OARSI grade was compared to assess structural adaptation of bone with OA severity. In addition, thicknesses of cartilage, calcified cartilage, and subchondral plate were analyzed from histological sections and compared with subchondral bone plate thickness from μCT. With increasing OARSI grade, the subchondral plate became thicker along with decreased specific bone surface, while there was no change in tissue mineral density. Histological analysis showed that subchondral plate thickness from μCT also includes calcified cartilage. Entropy of local patterns increased with OA severity, reflecting higher tissue heterogeneity. In the trabecular compartment, bone volume fraction and both trabecular thickness and number increased with OARSI grade while trabecular separation and structure model index decreased. Also, elevation of local patterns became longitudinal in the subchondral plate and axial transverse in trabecular bone with increasing OARSI grade. This study demonstrates the possibility of radiological assessment of OA severity by structural analysis of bone. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:785–792, 2017.
Vermicompost and farmyard manure improves food quality, antioxidant and antibacterial potential ofCajanus cajan(L. Mill sp.) leaves
Authors: Das Subhasish , Hussain Nazneen , Gogoi Bhaskarjyoti , Buragohain Alak Kumar , Bhattacharya Satya Sundar 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDPigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) leaves are a good source of nutrition and health benefitting phenolic compounds. However, its importance has not yet been effectively addressed. Recently, a 2‐year field experiment was attempted in an alluvial soil to understand the role of various organic and inorganic fertilisers and their combinations not only on soil quality, but also on production of foremost phenolic compounds and imparting antioxidant and antibacterial properties inC. cajanunder vermicompost treatments.RESULTSNotable enhancements in crude protein, soluble carbohydrate, ash content and total flavonoid content were recorded inCajanusleaves under vermicompost treatments. We detected a significant rise in carlinoside content inC. cajanleaves, which is known to reduce bilirubin concentration in hepatitis affected human blood. Farmyard manure treatments resulted in a high crude fibre content coupled with a substantially high concentration of total phenols, and chlorophyll. In addition, incorporation of vermicompost with or without inorganic fertiliser in the soil had a significant impact on antioxidant and antibacterial properties ofC.cajanleaves. Above and beyond, farmyard manure and vermicompost positively influenced the physico‐chemical health of the soil.CONCLUSIONThe present nutrient management scheme based on organic input not only induced a higher yield ofC. cajanendowed with improved antioxidant and antibacterial properties, but also enhanced the production of various phenolic compounds. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Mesenchymal stem cell therapy to promote limb transplant functional recovery
Authors: Fitzpatrick Emilie B. , Dehart Mary J. , Brown Tommy A. , Salgar Shashikumar K. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundLimb transplantation is a viable option for reconstruction after traumatic limb loss; however, functional recovery can be suboptimal. The aim of this study was to determine whether mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) administration can improve limb transplant functional recovery.MethodsOrthotopic syngeneic hindlimb transplants were performed in Lewis rats, followed by topical and intravenous injections of syngeneic MSCs (5 × 106) or vehicle. Transplanted limb sensory and motor functions were tested by cutaneous pain reaction and walking track analysis, respectively.ResultsMSCs expanded ex vivo were CD29+, CD31−, CD34−, CD44+, CD45low, CD90+, MHC Class‐I+, Class‐II−, and pluripotent. Greater than 90% of limb transplants survived. At 4 weeks post‐transplantation, the mean sensory nerve (tibial, peroneal, or sural) function in MSC (n = 9) and vehicle (n = 9) groups was <0.3 on a scale of Grades 0–3 (0 = No function; 3 = Normal). By 8 weeks, the sensory scores for tibial, peroneal, and sural nerves were 2.2 ± 0.7, 1.2 ± 0.5, and 1.7 ± 0.9 in the vehicle, and 2.6 ± 0.4, 1.0 ± 0.9, and 1.7 ± 0.9 in the MSC group, respectively (n = 9/group). At 4, 8, 16, and 24 weeks, the overall sensory function was higher in MSC group (≥7/group). Sciatic Function Index (SFI), a measure of motor function, could not be calculated because of poor foot prints; therefore, a novel grading system was developed. Bone fusion/vascularization as determined by X‐ray films/laser Doppler (≥2 week post‐transplantation) were normal (n = 3/group). Gastrocnemius muscle was atrophied (P < 0.05), and flexion contractures were evident by 24 weeks.ConclusionsBone marrow‐derived MSC therapy appears to improve sensory function recovery in a rat limb transplant model. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA Microsurgery 37:222–234, 2017.
High Job Demands and Low Job Control Increase Nurses’ Professional Leaving Intentions: The Role of Care Setting and Profit Orientation
Authors: Wendsche Johannes , Hacker Winfried , Wegge Jürgen , Rudolf Matthias 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe investigated how two types of care setting (home care and nursing home) and type of ownership (for‐profit vs. public/non‐profit) of geriatric care services interacted in influencing registered nurses’ intention to give up their profession. In prior research, employment in for‐profit‐organizations, high job demands, and low job control were important antecedents of nurses’ intent to leave. However, the impact of care setting on these associations was inconclusive. Therefore, we tested a mediated moderation model predicting that adverse work characteristics would drive professional leaving intentions, particularly in for‐profit services and in nursing homes. A representative German sample of 304 registered nurses working in 78 different teams participated in our cross‐sectional study. As predicted, lower job control and higher job demands were associated with higher professional leaving intentions, and nurses reported higher job demands in public/non‐profit care than in for‐profit care, and in nursing homes compared to home care. Overall, RNs in nursing homes and home care reported similar intent to leave, but in for‐profit settings only, nurses working in nursing homes reported higher professional leaving intentions than did nurses in home care, which was linked to lower job control in the for‐profit nursing home setting, supporting mediated moderation. Taken together, our results indicate that the interplay of care setting and type of ownership is important when explaining nurses’ intentions to give up their profession. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Desire for weight loss, weight‐related social contact, and body mass outcomes
Authors: Andersson Matthew A. , Christakis Nicholas A. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveThis study evaluated whether desiring to lose weight is associated with subsequent changes in social contact with individuals perceived to be thinner or heavier.MethodsLongitudinal data were used to examine associations between desiring to lose weight at baseline and social contact with thinner and heavier individuals across a 1‐year follow‐up period (N = 9,335, 2013–2014 Gallup National Panel). How baseline social contact is linked to body mass outcomes among those desiring to lose weight (N = 7,134) was also examined.ResultsOver time, individuals desiring to lose weight interacted more frequently (+69 interactions/year, on average) and were more likely to possess social ties (tie probability +0.12) with heavier individuals while lessening their interactions (−51 interactions/year) and decreasing their likelihood of ties (tie probability −0.048) with thinner individuals. On the other hand, increasing contacts and interactions with thinner individuals, and declining contacts and interactions with heavier individuals, were linked to actual weight loss.ConclusionsUsing national longitudinal data, an important mismatch was demonstrated between the social contacts created by individuals desiring weight loss and the contextual factors possibly useful for weight loss. This may help to explain why weight loss is often unsuccessful.
Electrical properties and thermal degradation of poly(vinyl chloride)/polyvinylidene fluoride/ZnO polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Pandey Mayank , Joshi Girish M , Mukherjee Amitava , Thomas P 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn this work, polymer nanocomposites consisting of a poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer network with ZnO nanoparticles as a dopant were prepared by solution casting. An XRD study of the PVC/PVDF/ZnO polymer nanocomposites shows predominantly sharp and high intensity peaks. However, the intensity and sharpness of the XRD peaks decreases with further increment in loading of ZnO (wt%), which reveals a proper intercalation of ZnO nanoparticles within the PVC/PVDF polymer system. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has been used to verify the chemical compositional change as a function of ZnO nanoparticle loading. TGA analysis clearly describes the thermal degradation of the pure polymer and polymer nanocomposites. The complex dielectric function, AC electrical conductivity and impedance spectra of these nanocomposites were investigated over the frequency range from 10 Hz to 35 MHz. These spectra were studied with respect to the Wagner − Maxwell − Sillars phenomenon in the low frequency region. Nyquist plots of the PVC/PVDF/ZnO nanocomposites were established from impedance measurements. The temperature‐dependent DC ionic conductivity obtained from the Nyquist plots follows Arrhenius behaviour. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Protein translation occurs in platelet concentrates despite riboflavin/UV light pathogen inactivation treatment
Authors: Schubert Peter , Culibrk Brankica , Karwal Simrath , Goodrich Raymond P. , Devine Dana V. 
Published: May 2016

PurposePathogen inactivation technologies (PITs) were introduced into blood banking to further improve the safety of blood products. However, the UV light used in PITs to terminate pathogen growth might alter the functionality of the cells in the blood product as well as the protein profile of the blood components. This study employed proteomic approaches to assess changes in the platelet proteome and translatome.Experimental designApheresis‐derived platelet concentrates treated with riboflavin/UV light or untreated controls were analyzed throughout blood bank storage by quantitative proteomics using iTRAQ and puromycin‐associated nascent chain (PUNCH) proteomics.ResultsQuantitative proteomic analysis identified 408 individual proteins including 26 unique proteins that changed in the treated arm during storage. Proteomic results were confirmed using immunoblot analyses and results suggested a translational control of the protein expression profile. PUNCH proteomic analysis of day 7 samples from illuminated units identified 52 unique platelet proteins that incorporated puromycin, including proteins involved in the cytoskeleton, metabolism, and signaling.Conclusion and clinical relevanceThis study demonstrates for the first time that platelets can synthesize proteins despite the riboflavin and UV treatment and suggests that platelets may possess a mechanism to protect their mRNA from damage by the PI treatment.
A simple DNA handle attachment method for single molecule mechanical manipulation experiments
Authors: Min Duyoung , Arbing Mark A. , Jefferson Robert E. , Bowie James U. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractManipulating single molecules and systems of molecules with mechanical force is a powerful technique to examine their physical properties. Applying force requires attachment of the target molecule to larger objects using some sort of molecular tether, such as a strand of DNA. DNA handle attachment often requires difficult manipulations of the target molecule, which can preclude attachment to unstable, hard to obtain, and/or large, complex targets. Here we describe a method for covalent DNA handle attachment to proteins that simply requires the addition of a preprepared reagent to the protein and a short incubation. The handle attachment method developed here provides a facile approach for studying the biomechanics of biological systems.
Mediation of buprenorphine analgesia by a combination of traditional and truncated mu opioid receptor splice variants
Authors: Grinnell Steven G. , Ansonoff Michael , Marrone Gina F. , Lu Zhigang , Narayan Ankita , Xu Jin , Rossi Grace , Majumdar Susruta , Pan Ying‐Xian , Bassoni Daniel L. , Pintar John , Pasternak Gavril W. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBuprenorphine has long been classified as a mu analgesic, although its high affinity for other opioid receptor classes and the orphanin FQ/nociceptin ORL1 receptor may contribute to its other actions. The current studies confirmed a mu mechanism for buprenorphine analgesia, implicating several subsets of mu receptor splice variants. Buprenorphine analgesia depended on the expression of both exon 1‐associated traditional full length 7 transmembrane (7TM) and exon 11‐associated truncated 6 transmembrane (6TM) MOR‐1 variants. In genetic models, disruption of delta, kappa1 or ORL1 receptors had no impact on buprenorphine analgesia, while loss of the traditional 7TM MOR‐1 variants in an exon 1 knockout (KO) mouse markedly lowered buprenorphine analgesia. Loss of the truncated 6TM variants in an exon 11 KO mouse totally eliminated buprenorphine analgesia. In distinction to analgesia, the inhibition of gastrointestinal transit and stimulation of locomotor activity were independent of truncated 6TM variants. Restoring expression of a 6TM variant with a lentivirus rescued buprenorphine analgesia in an exon 11 KO mouse that still expressed the 7TM variants. Despite a potent and robust stimulation of 35S‐GTPγS binding in MOR‐1 expressing CHO cells, buprenorphine failed to recruit β‐arrestin‐2 binding at doses as high as 10 µM. Buprenorphine was an antagonist in DOR‐1 expressing cells and an inverse agonist in KOR‐1 cells. Buprenorphine analgesia is complex and requires multiple mu receptor splice variant classes but other actions may involve alternative receptors.
Seismic vulnerability assessment of reinforced concrete silo considering granular material‐structure interaction
Authors: Guo Kunpeng , Zhou Changdong , Meng Lingkai , Zhang Xiaoyang 
Published: May 2016

SummaryAs a special shell structure, silos are used in storing a wide range of multitudinous granular materials. However, seldom have researchers assessed seismic vulnerability of the reinforced concrete (RC) silo. This paper aims at studying the seismic vulnerability assessment of a silo, which is located in Zhoushan, China. Prior to assessing the seismic vulnerability of the selected RC silo, the validation of the hypoplastic constitutive model, which is used to simulate granular materials, is studied. After discussing the validation of the hypoplastic theory, the numerical model considering granular material‐structure interaction is developed by means of the ABAQUS software. And the numerical simulation results are compared with the experimental data obtained from a shaking table test discussed in order to confirm the validation of the numerical model, which is used to study the seismic vulnerability of the RC silo. Then the seismic fragility assessment of the selected RC silo is performed using the incremental dynamic analysis. The analytical results showed that the hypoplastic theory can be used to simulate the stored materials in the silo considering the collapse property before entering plastic state of granular materials. For the design basic acceleration, the fragility curves of the selected RC silo showed that the probability of exceeding the no or light damage state was about 2.12%. For the maximum considered earthquake, the exceeding probability of no or slight and the moderate damage states was 17.63% and 1.31%, respectively. With respect of the severe and total damage state, the exceeding probabilities were almost zero. Therefore, the selected RC silo structure has enough safety stock to withstand strong earthquakes in the future. Finally, a general design procedure considering seismic fragility assessment was presented in order to provide references for other structure design. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pharmacokinetics and excretion of 14C-omacetaxine in patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: Nijenhuis Cynthia M. , Hellriegel Edward , Beijnen Jos H. , Hershock Diane , Huitema Alwin D. R. , Lucas Luc , Mergui-Roelvink Marja , Munteanu Mihaela , Rabinovich-Guilatt Laura , Robertson Philmore , Rosing Hilde , Spiegelstein Ofer , Schellens Jan H. M. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryBackground Omacetaxine mepesuccinate is indicated in adults with chronic myeloid leukemia resistant and/or intolerant to ≥ 2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatments. This phase I study assessed the disposition, elimination, and safety of 14C-omacetaxine in patients with solid tumors. Methods The study comprised a 7-days pharmacokinetic assessment followed by a treatment period of ≤ six 28-days cycles. A single subcutaneous dose of 1.25 mg/m214C-omacetaxine was administered to six patients. Blood, urine, and feces were collected through 168 h or until radioactivity excreted within 24 h was <1 % of the dose. Total radioactivity (TRA) was measured in all matrices and concentrations of omacetaxine, 4′-desmethylhomoharringtonine (4′-DMHHT), and cephalotaxine were measured in plasma and urine. For each treatment cycle, patients received 1.25 mg/m2 omacetaxine twice daily for 7 days. Results Mean TRA recovered was approximately 81 % of the dose, with approximately half of the radioactivity recovered in feces and half in urine. Approximately 20 % of the dose was excreted unchanged in urine; cephalotaxine (0.4 % of dose) and 4′ DMHHT (9 %) were also present. Plasma concentrations of TRA were higher than the sum of omacetaxine and known metabolites, suggesting the presence of other 14C-omacetaxine-derived compounds. Fatigue and anemia were common, consistent with the known toxicity profile of omacetaxine. Conclusion Renal and hepatic processes contribute to the elimination of 14C-omacetaxine-derived radioactivity in cancer patients. In addition to omacetaxine and its known metabolites, other 14C-omacetaxine-derived materials appear to be present in plasma and urine. Omacetaxine was adequately tolerated, with no new safety signals.
Gendered Energy – Analytische Perspektiven und Potenziale der Geschlechterforschung für eine sozial-ökologische Gestaltung der Energiewende im Raum
Authors: Kanning Helga , Mölders Tanja , Hofmeister Sabine 
Published: May 2016

Zusammenfassung
Die Energiewende stellt einen bedeutenden Transformationsprozess dar, der Räume materiell und symbolisch verändert. Diesen Wandel nachhaltig zu gestalten, stellt eine der größten Herausforderungen auf dem Weg in eine postfossile Gesellschaft dar.
Die räumlichen Planungen müssen mit diesen Herausforderungen umgehen, das heißt, insbesondere veränderte Konstellationen zwischen Akteurinnen und Akteuren sowie die Entstehung neuer Energiesysteme, -landschaften und Raumbeziehungen in ihre Aufgabenfelder einbeziehen und ihre Instrumentarien prozedural und substanziell anpassen und weiterentwickeln. Noch befinden sich sowohl die praktische Ausgestaltung der neuen Planungsaufgaben als auch die planungswissenschaftliche Forschung zur Energiewende am Anfang.
Wir gehen davon aus, dass die Verbindung raum- und planungswissenschaftlicher Debatten zur Energiewende mit analytischen Perspektiven der nachhaltigkeitsbezogenen Geschlechterforschung besondere, noch unerschlossene Potenziale für die Gestaltung der Transformation der Energiesysteme in Richtung einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung bietet. Ausgehend von unterschiedlichen analytischen Perspektiven der sozial-ökologischen Nachhaltigkeits- und Geschlechterforschung, wonach Geschlecht als Differenz-, als Struktur-, als Prozess- sowie als epistemologische Kategorie begriffen werden kann, fragen wir danach, welche „blinden Flecken“, Gerechtigkeits- und Demokratiedefizite sowie herrschaftliche Umgangsweisen mit Natur sichtbar gemacht werden können, um so Transformationswissen für eine emanzipatorische (Um-) Gestaltung der Energiewende im Raum sowie neue Perspektiven für die raum- und planungswissenschaftliche Energieforschung zu gewinnen.
Prospective study of home use of mifepristone and misoprostol for medical abortion up to 10 weeks of pregnancy in Kazakhstan
Authors: Platais Ingrida , Tsereteli Tamar , Grebennikova Galina , Lotarevich Tatyana , Winikoff Beverly 
Published: May 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of at‐home medical abortion in Kazakhstan.MethodsA comparative, non‐randomized study was undertaken at three clinics in Kazakhstan between October 10, 2013, and November 27, 2014. Women who sought medical abortion and had an intrauterine pregnancy of up to 70 days were enrolled. All participants took 200 mg mifepristone followed by 600 μg sublingual misoprostol 24–48 hours later. Women were offered the choice to take mifepristone at the clinic or at home; all took misoprostol at home. Abortion completion was assessed at an in‐clinic follow‐up appointment scheduled for all participants 2 weeks after mifepristone administration.ResultsOf 290 enrolled women, 185 (63.8%) chose to self‐administer mifepristone at home. Three (1.0%) of 289 women included in outcome analyses required surgical intervention for incomplete abortion. Therefore, the overall success rate was 99.0% (95% confidence interval 97.0%–99.7%). No serious adverse events occurred.ConclusionOutpatient medical abortion with mifepristone and misoprostol is safe and effective up to 70 days of pregnancy. This service should be offered to women in Kazakhstan.ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02018796