bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Jugular Foramen Schwannoma and Surrounding Membrane Structures and Its Surgical Application
Authors: Lin Jie , Cai Yonghua , Wang Hai , Liang Xianqiu , Xu Wei , Zhou Qixiong , Xie Sidi , Qi Songtao , Wang Chaohu , Zhang Xi’an 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Surgical resection of jugular foramen (JF) schwannomas with minimal neurological complications is challenging because of their difficult-to-access location and complex relationships with surrounding neurovascular structures, even for experienced neurosurgeons. In this article, we elucidate the membranous anatomy of JF schwannomas, with the aim of reducing iatrogenic injury to the lower cranial nerves (LCNs) during surgery.

METHODS:
The clinical data of 31 consecutive patients with JF schwannomas were reviewed. The relationship between the tumor and the surrounding membranous structures was observed during dissection. Samples were analyzed using Masson's trichrome and immunofluorescence staining to study the membranous characteristics. Histological-radiographic correlations were also summarized.

RESULTS:
In this series, we found that all 3 type B, 2 type C, and 8 type D tumors (according to the Kaye-Pellet grading system) were entirely extradural in location, whereas the 18 type A tumors could be subdural (9 cases) or extradural (9 cases), which frequently could not be predicted preoperatively based on whether the tumor had intraforaminal extension. The dural capsule, when present, could be used as an insulating layer to protect LCNs. With this subcapsular dissection technique, postoperative LCN dysfunction occurred in 10 patients (32.3%), which was usually temporary and mild.

CONCLUSION:
The different relationships between the tumor and membranous structures of the JF is related to the distinct point of tumor origin and the complex anatomy of the meningeal dura within the JF. Subcapsular dissection technique is recommended for better preservation of LCNs when the dural capsule is identified.
A Multivariate Approach to Quantifying Risk Factors Impacting Stereotactic Robotic-Guided Stereoelectroencephalography
Authors: Song Ryan R. , Sharma Akshay , Sarmey Nehaw , Harasimchuk Stephen , Bulacio Juan , Rammo Richard , Bingaman William , Serletis Demitre 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) is an important method for invasive monitoring to establish surgical candidacy in approximately half of refractory epilepsy patients. Identifying factors affecting lead placement can mitigate potential surgical risks. This study applies multivariate analyses to identify perioperative factors affecting stereotactic electrode placement.

METHODS:
We collected registration and accuracy data for consecutive patients undergoing SEEG implantation between May 2022 and November 2023. Stereotactic robotic guidance, using intraoperative imaging and a novel frame-based fiducial, was used for planning and SEEG implantation. Entry-point (EE), target-point (TE), and angular errors were measured, and statistical univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed.

RESULTS:
Twenty-seven refractory epilepsy patients (aged 15-57 years) undergoing SEEG were reviewed. Sixteen patients had unilateral implantation (10 left-sided, 6 right-sided); 11 patients underwent bilateral implantation. The mean number of electrodes per patient was 18 (SD = 3) with an average registration mean error of 0.768 mm (SD = 0.108). Overall, 486 electrodes were reviewed. Univariate analysis showed significant correlations of lead error with skull thickness (EE: P = .003; TE: P = .012); entry angle (EE: P < .001; TE: P < .001; angular error: P = .030); lead length (TE: P = .020); and order of electrode implantation (EE: P = .003; TE: P = .001). Three multiple linear regression models were used. All models featured predictors of implantation region (157 temporal, 241 frontal, 79 parietal, 9 occipital); skull thickness (mean = 5.80 mm, SD = 2.97 mm); order (range: 1-23); and entry angle in degrees (mean = 75.47, SD = 11.66). EE and TE error models additionally incorporated lead length (mean = 44.08 mm, SD = 13.90 mm) as a predictor. Implantation region and entry angle were significant predictors of error (P ≤ .05).

CONCLUSION:
Our study identified 2 primary predictors of SEEG lead error, region of implantation and entry angle, with nonsignificant contributions from lead length or order of electrode placement. Future considerations for SEEG may consider varying regional approaches and angles for more optimal accuracy in lead placement.
The Competition for Partners in Matching Markets
Authors: Kanoria Yash , Min Seungki , Qian Pengyu 
Published: September 2024

We study the competition for partners in two-sided matching markets with heterogeneous agent preferences, with a focus on how the equilibrium outcomes depend on the connectivity in the market. We model random partially connected markets, with each agent having an average degree d in a random (undirected) graph and a uniformly random preference ranking over their neighbors in the graph. We formally characterize stable matchings in large random markets with small imbalance and find a threshold in the connectivity d at [Formula: see text] (where n is the number of agents on one side of the market), which separates a “weak competition” regime, where agents on both sides of the market do equally well, from a “strong competition” regime, where agents on the short (long) side of the market enjoy a significant advantage (disadvantage). Numerical simulations confirm and sharpen our theoretical predictions, and demonstrate robustness to our assumptions. We leverage our characterizations in two ways: First, we derive prescriptive insights into how to design the connectivity of the market to trade off optimally between the average agent welfare achieved and the number of agents who remain unmatched in the market. For most market primitives, we find that the optimal connectivity should lie in the weak competition regime or at the threshold between the regimes. Second, our analysis uncovers a new conceptual principle governing whether the short-side enjoys a significant advantage in a given matching market, which can moreover be applied as a diagnostic tool given only basic summary statistics for the market. Counterfactual analyses using data on centralized high school admissions in a major U.S. city suggests that both our design insights and our diagnostic principle have practical value. This paper was accepted by Gabriel Weintraub, revenue management and market analytics. Funding: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation [Grant CMMI-1201045]. Supplemental Material: The online appendices and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.00064 .
The Power of Simple Menus in Robust Selling Mechanisms
Authors: Wang Shixin 
Published: September 2024

We study a robust selling problem where a seller attempts to sell one item to a buyer but is uncertain about the buyer’s valuation distribution. The existing literature shows that robust screening provides a stronger theoretical guarantee than robust deterministic pricing but at the expense of implementation complexity as it requires a menu of infinite options. Our research aims to find simple mechanisms to hedge against market ambiguity effectively. We develop a general framework for robust selling mechanisms with a finite menu (or randomization across finite prices). We propose a tractable reformulation that addresses various ambiguity sets of the buyer’s valuation distribution, including support, mean, and quantile ambiguity sets. We derive optimal selling mechanisms and corresponding performance ratios for different menu sizes, which show that even a modest menu size can deliver benefits similar to those achieved by the optimal robust mechanism with infinite options, establishing a favorable trade-off between theoretical performance and implementation simplicity. Remarkably, a menu size of merely two can significantly enhance the performance ratio compared with deterministic pricing. This paper was accepted by Chung Piaw Teo, optimization and decision analytics. Funding: This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72394395]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.03738 .
A OFERTA DE CURSOS TÉCNICOS CONCOMITANTES E SUBSEQUENTES AO ENSINO MÉDIO NOS INSTITUTOS FEDERAIS: UMA ANÁLISE DE INDICADORES NO CONTEXTO NEOLIBERAL
Authors: DE OLIVEIRA CORREA FILHO ITAMAR , LÚCIA DE LIMA SARA , CRISTINA DE LIMA IZABEL 
Published: September 2024

Os Institutos Federais tornaram-se, nas últimas décadas, uma das principais políticas públicas de oferta da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica no Brasil, permitindo a formação de diversos jovens e adultos nos cursos técnicos da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (Rede Federal). O objetivo do presente artigo foi analisar a oferta de cursos técnicos concomitantes e subsequentes ao ensino médio nos Institutos Federais, mediante a investigação de indicadores disponíveis na Plataforma Nilo Peçanha, considerando os avanços das políticas neoliberais. O aporte teórico e metodológico fundamentou-se no Materialismo Histórico e Dialético e utilizou a categoria trabalho para estabelecer as mediações com o objeto de estudo. Além disso, a análise documental tornou-se o instrumento de coleta de dados da Plataforma Nilo Peçanha. Os dados apresentados revelaram a presença expressiva dos cursos técnicos concomitantes e subsequentes ao ensino médio nos Institutos Federais, através dos elevados números de cursos ofertados e vagas oferecidas em comparação ao ensino médio integrado. No entanto, destacaram-se também determinadas fragilidades dessas modalidades de ensino, as quais apresentaram indicadores inferiores de matrículas ativas e elevados índices de evasão escolar. Por fim, o artigo buscou evidenciar os dados das modalidades técnicas concomitantes e subsequentes ao ensino médio como instrumentos de políticas públicas no contexto educacional do neoliberalismo. Dados que são pouco debatidos na literatura e que deixam essas modalidades em um “limbo” no campo da educação profissional e tecnológica.
Epidemiology of human and animal leptospirosis in Kenya: A systematic review and meta-analysis of disease occurrence, serogroup diversity and risk factors
Authors: Wainaina Martin , Wasonga Joseph , Cook Elizabeth Anne Jessie 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundLeptospirosis is a priority zoonotic disease in Kenya, but an in-depth review of its presence in humans, animals and the environment is lacking. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to understand the epidemiological situation to date.MethodologyWe searched for literature in African journals online, AGRIS, Embase, theLeptospiraWOAH reference laboratory library, ProMED-mail, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the institutional repositories of 33 academic institutions and included 66 publications on leptospirosis in Kenya which spanned from 1951 to 2022. The review was registered on the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (INPLASY).FindingsMost investigations were done in rural and urban areas in western, southern, central, and coastal areas in Kenya and the largely pastoral eastern and northern areas were under-represented. A wide host range of domestic animals and wildlife was revealed, and occupational exposure was an important risk factor for humans. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was the most frequent test, particularly common in studies conducted during the 1980s and 1990s. However, varying MAT panels and cut-off titres were observed. The overall seroprevalence in cattle was 28.2% (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 12.0–53.0; heterogeneity:I2= 96.7%, τ2= 1.4), and 11.0% in goats (95% CI: 5.4–21.2; heterogeneity:I2= 78.8%, τ2= 0.4). Molecular tests were seldom used to determine species and illustrate strain diversity. There was a lack of awareness of leptospirosis among farmers and health practitioners.ConclusionThe widespread presence of leptospires and inadequate diagnostic capacity demonstrate that leptospirosis is a common but underreported disease in Kenya. Raising awareness and boosting the country’s diagnostic capacity is crucial to timely detection and disease control.
Medioresinol from Eucommiae cortex improves myocardial infarction-induced heart failure through activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway: A network analysis and experimental study
Authors: Qin Xueting , Liu Xuan , Guo Can , Huang Li , Xu Qiyao 
Published: September 2024

Objective
This study aims to systematically analyze the potential active components of Eucommiae cortex in the treatment of post- myocardial infarction heart failure through network analysis and molecular docking methods. In vitro experiments were conducted to verify that medioresinol, a component of Eucommiae cortex, improves oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced cell failure through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacities.

Methods
Potential active components of Eucommiae cortex were screened using specific data. The targets of these components were predicted using Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics database and TargetNet, and key targets were identified by intersecting with the disease targets of myocardial infarction and heart failure. Protein-Protein Interaction analysis was performed on the key targets to screen for core targets. Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation and Human Protein Atlas were used to identify myocardial highly expressed targets. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology enrichment analyses were conducted using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. Molecular docking was performed for the final components and target proteins. In vitro experiments were carried out using H9c2 cells subjected to oxygen and glucose deprivation conditions to validate the effects of the screened potential active components.

Results
Network analysis revealed that Eucommiae cortex might exert its effects through the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR), hypoxia-inducible factor 1, and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathways, which are crucial for myocardial contraction, vascular tone regulation, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress. Molecular docking indicated stable binding of the selected compounds to PI3K, AKT, and mTOR. Medioresinol was selected for further study and shown to significantly improve oxidative stress and inflammatory response in myocardial ischemia-hypoxia model cells by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Conclusion
This study confirms the role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the cardiovascular protective effects of Eucommiae cortex and provides evidence at the cellular level. Medioresinol demonstrated potential therapeutic effects on myocardial infarction induced heart failure by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. These findings offer a theoretical basis for the application of Eucommiae cortex in the treatment of heart failure and support the development of new therapeutic drugs for cardiovascular diseases. Future research should further validate these effects in animal models and explore the overall efficacy of Eucommiae cortex.
Association between the composite dietary antioxidant index and constipation: Evidence from NHANES 2005–2010
Authors: Wei Shouxin , Yu Sijia , Lan Yunsheng , Jia Yingdong 
Published: September 2024

Background
Dietary antioxidants have been found to improve various diseases, including digestive, cardiovascular, and urinary disorders. However, the relationship between CDAI and constipation remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the potential link between CDAI and constipation among adults in the United States.

Methods
This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected between 2005 and 2010. Dietary data from the respondents were obtained through two 24-hour dietary recall interviews. Multiple statistical methods, including multivariable logistic regression, subgroup analysis, and smooth curve fitting analysis, were used to explore the association between CDAI and chronic constipation.

Results
A total of 10,904 participants were included in the study, of whom 1,184 were identified as having chronic constipation. After adjusting for potential confounders, multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that higher CDAI was significantly associated with a lower risk of constipation (OR = 0.958 [0.929, 0.987]). Compared to the lowest quartile, the highest quartile of CDAI was associated with a significantly reduced prevalence of constipation (OR = 0.704 [0.535, 0.927]). Subgroup analysis indicated that differences in gender, alcohol intake, and smoking status might influence the association between CDAI and constipation. Smooth curve analysis revealed an "n" shaped relationship between CDAI and constipation among non-alcohol consumers, with a turning point at a CDAI value of 1.08.

Conclusion
An elevated CDAI is negatively correlated with the incidence of chronic constipation, suggesting that increasing dietary antioxidant intake may reduce constipation prevalence. These findings underscore the importance of dietary antioxidants in maintaining gut health and provide comprehensive guidance for clinical and public health practices.
Variceal Hemorrhage as Complication of Vascular Access for Total Parenteral Nutrition
Authors: Chiodi Cristina , Liu David , Omer Endashaw 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Downhill varices, a rare manifestation of venous hypertension, arise from superior vena cava (SVC) obstruction. We present a unique case of downhill varices secondary to SVC syndrome in a 69-year-old man on chronic total parenteral nutrition who presented with large volume melena and facial swelling. In this case, chronic central venous catheter use contributed to thrombotic occlusion of the SVC, leading to collateral vessel formation and variceal development. Management involves addressing the underlying cause of venous obstruction. This case highlights the importance of considering downhill varices as a complication in patients with chronic vascular access presenting with symptoms of SVC syndrome.
An Unusual Cause of Massive Per Vaginal Bleeding
Authors: Leong Justin Wen Hao , Yang Liying , Teh Kevin Kim Jun , Liou Wei Lun 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Massive per vaginal bleeding from ectopic pelvic varices is an exceedingly rare presentation in patients with cirrhosis. A 60-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with massive per vaginal (PV) bleeding. Computerized tomography scan showed extensive portosystemic collaterals with a large collateral vessel from the splenic vein to the region of her previous caesarean scar, on a background of liver cirrhosis. The cause of the massive PV bleeding was identified as arising from the uterine varix. She was transferred to a tertiary liver unit where she underwent angiographic embolization of the uterine varix and splenic vein shunt with successful obliteration of the culprit collateral vessel. A high index of suspicion is required in a cirrhotic patient with massive PV bleeding for ectopic variceal bleeding. Once stabilized, prompt consultation should be made to a tertiary center for further assessment and consideration of definitive treatment with obliteration of varices and shunt, as well as transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, to reduce risk of recurrent bleeding.
Surgical Outcomes in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis–Related Liver Disease
Authors: Wang Sarah , Raasikh Taaj , Odufalu Florence-Damilola 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Patients with chronic liver disease have a higher surgical risk compared with those without. For patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), literature has shown that earlier surgical intervention for those with severe IBD has led to better outcomes regarding mortality and remission. For patients who have both IBD and chronic liver disease, management can be complex. The outcomes in this population of patients who undergo surgical intervention have not been thoroughly explored. This case series aims to evaluate surgical outcomes in patients with a diagnosis of both IBD and primary sclerosing cholangitis chronic liver disease.
Aerobic exercise elevates perceived appetite but does not modify energy intake over a 3‐day postexercise period: A pilot study
Authors: Okada Tetsuro E. , Jeromson Stewart , Rathwell Scott , Wright David C. , Bomhof Marc R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhile a low degree of energy compensation is typically reported over the 24 h following a session of exercise, the prolonged impact of a bout of exercise on energy intake remains unclear. To overcome the challenge associated with accurately measuring energy intake in a free‐living environment, this study employed the use of a meal replacement beverage to assess the 3 day impact of an exercise session on energy intake. In a randomized, crossover study, 14 participants (8 male, 6 female) completed two trials: (1) EX: 75 min exercise on a motorized treadmill (75% VO2peak); and (2) SED: 75 min sedentary control session. Each condition was followed by 3 days of exclusive ad libitum consumption of a meal replacement beverage. Appetite‐regulating hormones, subjective appetite, energy intake, and energy expenditure were assessed. Exercise transiently suppressed the orexigenic hormone acyl‐ghrelin (p < 0.05) and elevated the appetite‐supressing hepatokine GDF‐15 (p < 0.05). Despite these acute changes, overall perceived appetite was elevated over the 3 day assessment period with exercise (p < 0.05). No increase in energy intake or change in postexercise physical activity patterns were observed. One acute session of moderate to vigorous exercise is unlikely to affect short‐term, three‐day energy balance in healthy individuals.
Hypertension and obesity independently drive hypertrophy and alter mitochondrial metabolism in a mouse model of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Werbner Benjamin , Stephens Sophie L. , Stuart Deborah , Hotchkiss Travis M. , Chapman Jonathan , Funai Katsuhiko , Ramkumar Nirupama , Boudina Sihem 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has recently emerged as an insidiously and increasingly prevalent heart failure phenotype. HFpEF often occurs in the context of hypertension and obesity and presents with diastolic dysfunction, ventricular hypertrophy, and myocardial fibrosis. Despite growing study of HFpEF, the causal links between early metabolic changes, bioenergetic perturbations, and cardiac structural remodeling remain unclear. This study sought to elucidate the contribution of the respective pathophysiological drivers of the HFpEF symptom suite using a recently developed two‐hit mouse model. By studying the independent and concomitant consequences of hypertension and obesity‐driven metabolic dysfunction on cardiac structure and function, we revealed the causative drivers of cardiac functional, structural, and metabolic remodeling in male HFpEF mice. We found that hypertensive male mice developed diastolic dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy regardless of obesity status and that obese mice exhibited altered systemic glucose metabolism and increased cardiac mitochondrial fatty‐acid metabolism independent of hypertension status. Taken together, our results suggest that the cardiac structural and metabolic HFpEF symptoms in this two‐hit model occur as direct results of each of the two “hits.” The results of this study help to clarify the pathogenic HFpEF cascade, providing causal insights that may aid in the development of more precisely targeted therapeutics.