bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of job enrichment on job embeddedness and sick presenteeism among nurses
Authors: Atalla Amal Diab Ghanem , El‐Ashry Ayman Mohamed , Mohamed Samia Mohamed Sobhi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimTo understand how job enrichment influences job embeddedness and sick presenteeism among nurses.BackgroundJob satisfaction and retention are critical issues in healthcare, particularly among nurses. Job enrichment has been identified as a potential strategy to enhance job satisfaction and reduce turnover rates. Understanding its impact on job embeddedness and sick presenteeism can inform policies to improve nurse well‐being and organizational effectiveness.MethodsA cross‐sectional descriptive design following STROBE guidelines was used. Data were collected from 360 nurses working in critical care units of a large university hospital. Three scales were used to measure job enrichment, job embeddedness, and sick presenteeism.ResultsNurses reported high job enrichment and embeddedness levels. However, a significant proportion also exhibited high levels of sick presenteeism. Strong positive correlations existed between job enrichment, job embeddedness, and sick presenteeism. Regression analyses revealed that job enrichment significantly predicted job embeddedness and sick presenteeism.ConclusionThe findings highlight the complex interplay between job characteristics, organizational commitment, and employee health behaviors among nurses. Job enrichment emerged as a critical factor influencing job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and sick presenteeism. The study underscores the need for health policies that promote job enrichment strategies, as they can contribute to nurse retention, reduce sick presenteeism, and enhance productivity in healthcare settings.Implications for nursing and health policyNurse retention and job satisfaction can be improved by implementing job enrichment practices in healthcare organizations. Policies to reduce sick presenteeism should prioritize creating healthier work environments and promoting employee well‐being. Understanding the cost‐effectiveness and productivity gains associated with job enrichment can inform workforce planning and staffing policies, ensuring adequate nurse staffing levels and quality patient care.
Repeated short‐term sickness absence: A problem to be handled or a symptom to be prevented? A qualitative case study
Authors: Kirkegaard Tanja , Dalgaard Vita Ligaya P. , Grytnes R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRepeated short‐term sickness absence has been linked to poor psychosocial work environment. However, the handling of short‐term sickness absence is often driven by a formal monitoring of employees' absence records rather than by a focus on enhancing well‐being at work. In this paper, based on interview data, we found that repeated short‐term sickness absence was primarily addressed as an individual employee issue, with limited focus on prevention through improvements in the work environment such as fostering trust between employees' and managers and promoting overall well‐being at work.
Effect of chia seeds or concentrated fish oil on cardiometabolic risk markers in subjects with hypertriglyceridaemia: a parallel clinical trial
Authors: Shahparvari Mohammad Reza , Nasrollahzadeh Javad 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe beneficial effects of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in reducing high blood triglyceride (TG) levels have been well demonstrated. This study aimed to investigate the effect of chia seeds on blood TG and its associated cardiometabolic factors in hypertriglyceridaemic individuals.MethodsThis three‐group randomised controlled trial compared the effects of a low‐calorie diet (n = 22), a low‐calorie diet with chia seeds (30 g/day, n = 22) or a low‐calorie diet with concentrated fish oil (1.8 g/day of n‐3 long‐chain PUFAs, n = 22) in patients with hypertriglyceridaemia. Anthropometrics, fasting blood lipids, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, insulin, adiponectin, leptin and interleukin‐6 levels were measured.ResultsAfter 8 weeks, the mean reduction in weight exhibited by the three groups was not statistically different (2.0, 2.7 and 2.8 kg, respectively, for the control, fish oil and chia seed groups). The plasma TG decreased in both the chia seed and fish oil groups in comparison to the control group (p = 0.001). However, no significant difference was observed between the chia seed and fish oil groups (change from baseline mean: 145.2 and 136.7 mg/dL for the chia seed and fish oil groups, respectively). The consumption of chia seeds was associated with a reduction in diastolic blood pressure (change from baseline mean: 8.4 mmHg) compared to the other two groups. No significant alterations were observed in the other blood biochemical factors between the three groups.ConclusionsIn people with moderate hypertriglyceridaemia, a low‐calorie diet with 30 g of chia seeds compared to fish oil supplements containing 1.8 g of long‐chain PUFAs has a similar effect on reducing plasma TG levels, whereas it has a higher blood pressure–lowering effect.
Evolution of gene networks underlying adaptation to drought stress in the wild tomato Solanum chilense
Authors: Wei Kai , Sharifova Saida , Zhao Xiaoyun , Sinha Neelima , Nakayama Hokuto , Tellier Aurélien , Silva‐Arias Gustavo A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDrought stress is a key limitation for plant growth and colonization of arid habitats. We study the evolution of gene expression response to drought stress in a wild tomato, Solanum chilense, naturally occurring in dry habitats in South America. We conduct a transcriptome analysis under standard and drought experimental conditions to identify drought‐responsive gene networks and estimate the age of the involved genes. We identify two main regulatory networks corresponding to two typical drought‐responsive strategies: cell cycle and fundamental metabolic processes. The metabolic network exhibits a more recent evolutionary origin and a more variable transcriptome response than the cell cycle network (with ancestral origin and higher conservation of the transcriptional response). We also integrate population genomics analyses to reveal positive selection signals acting at the genes of both networks, revealing that genes exhibiting selective sweeps of older age also exhibit greater connectivity in the networks. These findings suggest that adaptive changes first occur at core genes of drought response networks, driving significant network re‐wiring, which likely underpins species divergence and further spread into drier habitats. Combining transcriptomics and population genomics approaches, we decipher the timing of gene network evolution for drought stress response in arid habitats.
Agrobacterium‐mediated Cuscuta campestris transformation as a tool for understanding plant–plant interactions
Authors: Adhikari Supral , Mudalige Asha , Phillips Lydia , Lee Hyeyoung , Bernal‐Galeano Vivian , Gruszewski Hope , Westwood James H. , Park So‐Yon 
Published: October 2024

Summary

Cuscuta campestris, a stem parasitic plant, has served as a valuable model plant for the exploration of plant–plant interactions and molecular trafficking. However, a major barrier to C. campestris research is that a method to generate stable transgenic plants has not yet been developed.

Here, we describe the development of a Cuscuta transformation protocol using various reporter genes (GFP, GUS, or RUBY) and morphogenic genes (CcWUS2 and CcGRF/GIF), leading to a robust protocol for Agrobacterium‐mediated C. campestris transformation.

The stably transformed and regenerated RUBY C. campestris plants produced haustoria, the signature organ of parasitic plants, and these were functional in forming host attachments. The locations of T‐DNA integration in the parasite genome were confirmed through TAIL‐PCR. Transformed C. campestris also produced flowers and viable transgenic seeds exhibiting betalain pigment, providing proof of germline transmission of the RUBY transgene. Furthermore, RUBY is not only a useful selectable marker for the Agrobacterium‐mediated transformation, but may also provide insight into the movement of molecules from C. campestris to the host during parasitism.

Thus, the protocol for transformation of C. campestris reported here overcomes a major obstacle to Cuscuta research and opens new possibilities for studying parasitic plants and their interactions with hosts.
Fertility Transitions in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries: The Role of Preferences
Authors: Bongaarts John 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSince the mid‐twentieth century, the Global South has experienced unprecedently rapid and pervasive changes in reproductive behavior with fertility declining from high pre‐transitional levels to below 3 births per woman in most low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). Over time a rough consensus has been reached on major theories about the causes of these declines. However, a controversy remains about the widely held view that changing reproductive preferences (i.e., declining desired family size and rising demand for birth limitation) are the dominant drivers of fertility transitions. Several studies question this conclusion and suggest instead that the rising implementation of existing demand is the main cause of the reproductive revolution in LMICs. The objective of this study is to reconcile the competing “demand” and “implementation” perspectives. This paper assesses the strengths and weaknesses of published decompositions which take trends in the observed total fertility and contraceptive prevalence and break them down into their respective demand and implementation components. The main conclusion from this exercise is that fertility transitions are driven by changes in both preferences and their implementation. Claims of a completely dominant role for either demand or implementation are based on flawed methods and hence must be rejected.
An eye tracking study of gender biased information acquisition in candidate evaluation
Authors: Jenke Libby 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGender stereotypes may impact voters' candidate choices. But do gender stereotypes impact voters' attention when learning about candidates? This paper explores whether citizens take part in gender biased information acquisition when learning about women and men candidates. In an experiment, I use eye tracking to measure respondents' attention to gender stereotype‐consistent and inconsistent information. The results indicate that citizens do not differ in their attention to different candidate information according to candidate gender. Additionally, respondents' own sex does not make a difference in their attention to masculine‐ and feminine‐stereotyped information for women or men candidates. These findings provide an important specification of the mechanism behind gender bias in candidate choices: the bias appears to be different standards of judgment for candidates of different genders, not different compositions of information being judged for candidates of different genders.
Accelerating wheat improvement through trait characterization: advances and perspectives
Authors: Roychowdhury Rajib , Ghatak Arindam , Kumar Manoj , Samantara Kajal , Weckwerth Wolfram , Chaturvedi Palak 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWheat (Triticum spp.) is a primary dietary staple food for humanity. Many wheat genetic resources with variable genomes have a record of domestication history and are widespread throughout the world. To develop elite wheat varieties, agronomical and stress‐responsive trait characterization is foremost for evaluating existing germplasm to promote breeding. However, genomic complexity is one of the primary impediments to trait mining and characterization. Multiple reference genomes and cutting‐edge technologies like haplotype mapping, genomic selection, precise gene editing tools, high‐throughput phenotyping platforms, high‐efficiency genetic transformation systems, and speed‐breeding facilities are transforming wheat functional genomics research to understand the genomic diversity of polyploidy. This review focuses on the research achievements in wheat genomics, the available omics approaches, and bioinformatic resources developed in the past decades. Advances in genomics and system biology approaches are highlighted to circumvent bottlenecks in genomic and phenotypic selection, as well as gene transfer. In addition, we propose conducting precise functional genomic studies and developing sustainable breeding strategies for wheat. These developments in understanding wheat traits have speed up the creation of high‐yielding, stress‐resistant, and nutritionally enhanced wheat varieties, which will help in addressing global food security and agricultural sustainability in the era of climate change.
Clinical and Imaging Outcomes Over 12 Weeks in Elite Athletes With Early‐Stage Tendinopathy
Authors: Meulengracht Christopher Strandberg , Seidler Marc , Svensson Rene Brüggebusch , Kracht Mathilde , Zeidan Ahmad , Christensen Kasper Ørnsvig , Jensen Mikkel Holm Hjortshøj , Hansen Phillip , Boesen Mikael , Brushøj Christoffer , Magnusson Stig Peter , Bahr Roald , Kjær Michael , Couppé Christian 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTKnowledge of how to treat chronic tendinopathy has advanced in recent years, but the treatment of early tendinopathy is not well understood. The main purpose of this prospective observational study was to investigate if changes occur in clinical and imaging outcomes over 12 weeks in elite athletes with recent debut of tendinopathy. Sixty‐five elite adult athletes (24 ± 5 years) with early Achilles or patellar tendinopathy (symptoms < 3 months) were examined at baseline and after 12 weeks. Patients were divided into groups based on the duration of symptoms at the time of inclusion: (T1): 0–1 month, (T2): 1–2 months, or (T3): 2–3 months. Pain‐guided activity modification was the only intervention. We assessed the following clinical outcomes: Questionnaires (Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment (VISA)) and pain scores (0–10 numeric rating scale, NRS), structural outcomes from ultrasonography: Thickness, echogenicity, and Doppler flow, and from magnetic resonance imaging: Cross‐sectional area (CSA), thickness and length. Tendinopathic Achilles and patellar tendons displayed no significant differences on imaging tendon structural outcomes between T1 (n = 19), T2 (n = 23), and T3 (n = 20) at baseline or after 12 weeks, with one exception: Patellar tendons in T1 were thicker than T2 and T3 at baseline. Although athletes improved clinically on VISA and most NRS scores after 12 weeks, affected tendons with greater thickness, CSA and Doppler flow than contralateral tendons at baseline remained unchanged after 12 weeks. In conclusion, these data suggest that early tendinopathy in elite athletes can improve clinically after 12 weeks while morphology remains unchanged.
‘Land is a huge integral part of our identity’: Patriarchy and the gender asset gap
Authors: Curtin Mary , Murphy Caroline , Woods Una , Cross Christine 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe aim of this article is to examine female participation in farming and more specifically, the reasons for the low rate of female farm ownership in Ireland where only 13% of Irish farm owners are female. Females are excluded from the occupation of a farmer because land ownership is the key needed in most instances to being a farmer in one's own right. Females are farming, but too often, they are not owners of the farms they work on. We investigate the structural and cultural factors that alleviate or contribute to the inequality in Irish farm ownership. To address the research question, a qualitative study involving 35 semi‐structured interviews was carried out with both women and men in the Irish farming sector. This research recognises the positive role the state can play, as supported by cultural and institutional theory, by making legal and financial policy changes that can help effect change.
Shear‐wave elastography of canine patellar tendons in healthy dogs and the influence of stifle joint angle
Authors: Embriano Kreig , Holland Merrilee , Corriveau Kayla M. , Hofmeister Erik , McCarthy Jess 
Published: October 2024

AbstractElastography is a sonographic modality that measures tissue stiffness, a mechanical property of tissues, and a biomarker for disease. Canine musculoskeletal application to the patellar tendon has been limited to semiqualitative strain elastography. This prospective study aimed to quantitatively evaluate patellar tendon stiffness using shear‐wave elastography with a color map superimposed over the tendon, a propagation map for quality control, and measurements at specific regions of interest in 16 clinically normal sedated dogs weighing 25 kg or greater. Tendon stiffness using shear‐wave elastography (SWE) was assessed at different stifle angles and in three regions to determine if angle and location affected stiffness. All dogs were screened with general and orthopedic exams, lateral stifle radiographs, and patellar tendon 2D ultrasound. Shear‐wave elastography was performed from a long axis at various stifle angles at the proximal, middle, and distal tendon segments. Quality diagnostic SWE results varied significantly with stifle angle, and 150° of extension was the only angle found to be clinically useful based on the ease of obtaining measurable results and a quality control propagation wave. Patellar tendons were primarily stiff with a red color elastogram. The proximal and middle segments, measured at various angles, had a mean SWE velocity of 7.32 ± 0.90 m/s. Tendon stiffness did not differ along tendon length when measured in greater extension. However, stiffness decreased in the middle segment of the tendon at 150° when compared with 120°. This study establishes a quantitative baseline of normal patellar tendon stiffness to compare with pathologic states.
Ridgeward flow of compositionally heterogeneous mantle produces near-ridge seamount chains in the South Pacific
Authors: Guo Pengyuan , Shen Fangyu , Li Dongyong , Zhao Yanghui , Zhang Lipeng , Wang Xiaohong , Duan Meng , Guo Kun , Sinton John , Niu Yaoling 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Many near-ridge seamounts and seamount chains in the Pacific Ocean have a nonplume origin. Yet, their origin remains to be fully understood. Our new geochemical study on seamount basalts from the Pukapuka Ridge (PPR) finds a large along-ridge lava compositional variation with a gradual decrease in a geochemically enriched component toward the East Pacific Rise (EPR) axis. This spatial geochemical variation is best understood as resulting from decompression melting of compositionally heterogeneous mantle flowing toward the ridge, where the mantle consists of low-solidus materials of metasomatic origin dispersed within a more refractory peridotite matrix. Far from the ridge axis, preferential melting of enriched lower-solidus materials under thicker lithosphere leaves less enriched residues that undergo further decompression melting as they flow beneath thinner lithosphere toward the ridge axis. This process gives rise to the progressively less enriched lavas along the PPR chain toward the EPR. The residual enriched mantle component became embedded in the mantle beneath the southern EPR (13°S–23°S), forming an along-axis compositional dome at the EPR-PPR intersection (~17°S–19°S). We predict that nonplume seamounts are best expressed as linear chains near and perpendicular to ocean ridges on fast-spreading plates as long as the flowing mantle is sufficiently heterogeneous. This finding explains widespread seamounts of nonplume origin in the Pacific Ocean, and it also explains the geophysical asymmetries in the mantle electromagnetic tomography (MELT) area.
The Influence of the New Charcoal Toothbrush and Toothpaste on Esthetic Restoration Properties
Authors: Farghal Nancy Soliman , Sheikh Debis Mohammed Nadim , Abou Baker Tema , Mahmoud Okba 
Published: October 2024

Aim: To investigate the effects of the new charcoal toothbrush and toothpaste on stain removal and surface roughness of two esthetic restorative materials.Materials and Methods: Forty disk‐shaped specimens (10 × 2 mm) were prepared from giomer (Beautifil II LS) and resin‐modified glass ionomer (Fuji II LC) and immersed in instant coffee solution for 12 days. Specimens were split into 4 groups, 10 specimens each, according to the brushing protocols: group 1, regular toothbrush + regular toothpaste (RR); group 2, regular toothbrush + charcoal‐based toothpaste (RC); group 3, charcoal toothbrush + regular toothpaste (CR); and group 4, charcoal toothbrush + charcoal toothpaste (CC). Color change (ΔE00), luminosity changes (ΔL), and surface roughness (Ra) were recorded before and after brushing. The data were analyzed with KrusKal–Wallis, Dunn–Bonferroni post hoc, and Wilcoxon signed rank test using SPSS software at 5% significance level.Results: Charcoal toothpaste and toothbrush had similar stain removal effects to regular toothbrush and toothpaste on both giomer and RMGI (P  < 0.001). All the ΔE00 values after brushing exceeded the perceptibility threshold. The surface roughness increased significantly after the brushing in all the groups except in giomer groups CR (P = 0.575) and CC (P = 0.221) and RMGI group RR (P = 0.415).Conclusion: Charcoal and regular toothbrushes with both types of toothpaste can reduce, but not eliminate, coffee stains. Surface roughness increased in all groups except for the charcoal toothbrush with Beautifil II LS restorations and the regular toothbrush and toothpaste with Fuji II LC restorations.
Response of the Indian Ocean Meridional Overturning Circulation to the Subtropical Indian Ocean Dipole
Authors: Zhang Linfang , Leung Marco Yu-Ting , Yao Fengchao , Zhang Guangli , Wang Dongxiao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Using the German contribution to Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean, version 3 (GECCO3), reanalysis data, this work explores the Indian Ocean meridional overturning circulation (IMOC) variability and mechanism during the mature phase of the subtropical Indian Ocean dipole (SIOD). The IMOC is decomposed into the Ekman component, geostrophic component, external mode, and residue. The IMOC exhibits counterclockwise circulation anomaly in 0°–30°S during the mature phase of the SIOD. While the Ekman component dominates in 10°–30°S, the geostrophic component prevails in 5°–20°S. During the mature phase of the positive SIOD events, while an anticyclonic wind anomaly over the southern Indian Ocean causes a convergence and sinking of the seawater near 30°S, a cyclonic wind field anomaly near 10°S induces a divergence and rising, causing a counterclockwise Ekman component anomaly in 10°–30°S. The geostrophic component anomaly in 5°–20°S is caused by the sea level anomaly (SLA) gradient around 10°S related to a Rossby wave. A linear, 1D baroclinic Rossby wave model shows that the negative SLA in the west is caused by local and remote wind forcing, whereas the positive SLA in the east is generated by radiation from the eastern boundary and is slightly contributed by local wind forcing. Further, Parallel Ocean Program, version 2 (POP2), experiments confirmed that the Ekman component anomaly primarily responds to the wind field of the mature phase of the SIOD and revealed that the geostrophic component anomaly is affected by the wind field of both the developing and mature phases of the SIOD.