bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toll-like receptor-1 (TLR-1) activation reduces immunoglobulin free light chain production by multiple myeloma cells in the context of bone marrow stromal cells and fibronectin
Authors: Abdi Jahan , Redegeld Frank 
Published: September 2024

AbstractStudies over the past years have provided evidence that Toll-like receptor (TLRs) activation in multiple myeloma (MM) cells induces heterogeneous functional responses including cell growth and proliferation, survival or apoptosis. These effects have been suggested to be partly due to increase in secretion of cytokines such as IL-6 or IFNα among others from MM cells following TLR activation. However, whether triggering of these receptors also modulates production of immunoglobulin free light chains (FLCs) in MM cells has never been investigated. FLCs contribute largely to MM pathology. Here we explored the effect of TLR1 ligand (Pam3CSK4) alone or combined with bortezomib (BTZ) on production of FLCs in human myeloma cell lines, L363, OPM-2, U266 and NCI-H929 in the absence or presence of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) or fibronectin (FN) to examine the influence of bone marrow microenvironment. Adhesion to BMSCs or FN increased secretion of FLC in MM cells. Pam3CSK4 decreased FLC production in the presence or absence of BMSCs or FN and this effect was enhanced in combination with BTZ. However, the level of reduction was lower in the presence of BMSCs or FN. Our findings imply that activation of TLR1 downregulates FLC production in MM cells even in the context of bone marrow microenvironment components and suggest that some TLRs such as TLR1 might be considered a therapeutic target especially in combined treatment protocols in MM.
An Efficient Direct Conversion Strategy to Generate Functional Astrocytes from Human Adult Fibroblasts
Authors: Bhaskar Uchit , Shrimpton Emily , Ayo Jason , Prasla Asiya , Kos Mark Z , Carless Melanie A. 
Published: September 2024

SummaryDirect reprogramming approaches offer an attractive alternative to stem-cell-derived models, allowing the retention of epigenetic information and age-associated cellular phenotypes, and providing an expedited method to generate target cell types. Several groups have previously generated multiple neuronal subtypes, neural progenitor cells, oligodendrocytes, and other cell types directly from fibroblasts. However, while some groups have had success at the efficient conversion ofembryonicfibroblasts to astrocytes, they have not yet achieved similar conversion efficiency foradulthuman fibroblasts. To generate astrocytes for the study of adult-stage disorders, we developed an improved direct conversion strategy employing a combination of small molecules to activate specific pathways that induce trans-differentiation of human adult fibroblasts to astrocytes. We demonstrate that this method produces mature GFAP+/S100β+ cells at high efficiency (40-45%), comparable to previous studies utilizing embryonic fibroblasts. Further,Fibroblast-derived inducedAstrocytes (FdiAs) are enriched for markers of astrocyte functionality, including ion-channel buffering, gap-junction communication, and glutamate uptake; and exhibit astrocyte-like calcium signaling and neuroinflammatory phenotypes. RNA-Seq analysis indicates a close correlation to human brain astrocytes and iPSC-derived astrocyte models. Fibroblast-derived induced astrocytes provide a useful tool in studying the adult brain and complement existingin vitromodels of induced neurons (iNs), providing an additional platform to study adult-stage brain disorders.
(C5H9NH3)2CuBr4
: A metal-organic two-ladder quantum magnet
Authors: Philippe J. , Elson F. , Casati N. P. M. , Sanz S. , Metzelaars M. , Shliakhtun O. , Forslund O. K. , Lass J. , Shiroka T. , Linden A. , Mazzone D. G. , Ollivier J. , Shin S. , Medarde M. , Lake B. , Månsson M. , Bartkowiak M. , Normand B. , Kögerler P. , Sassa Y. , Janoschek M. , Simutis G. 
Published: September 2024

Low-dimensional quantum magnets are a versatile materials platform for studying the emergent many-body physics and collective excitations that can arise even in systems with only short-range interactions. Understanding their low-temperature structure and spin Hamiltonian is key to explaining their magnetic properties, including unconventional quantum phases, phase transitions, and excited states. We study the metal-organic coordination compound (C5H9NH3)2CuBr4 and its deuterated counterpart, which upon its discovery was identified as a candidate two-leg quantum (S=12) spin ladder in the strong-leg coupling regime. By growing large single crystals and probing them with both bulk and microscopic techniques, we deduce that two previously unknown structural phase transitions take place between 136 and 113 K. The low-temperature structure has a monoclinic unit cell that gives rise to two inequivalent spin ladders. We further confirm the absence of long-range magnetic order down to 30 mK and investigate the implications of this two-ladder structure for the magnetic properties of (C5H9NH3)2CuBr4 by analyzing our own specific-heat and susceptibility data.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Weyl fermion excitations in the ideal Weyl semimetal
CuTlSe2
Authors: Wang C. N. , Tay D. , Dong Q. X. , Okvátovity Z. , Huddart B. M. , Ma C. Y. , Yokoyama K. , Yu L. , Lancaster T. , Chen G. F. , Ott H.-R. , Shiroka T. 
Published: September 2024

An ideal Weyl semimetal is characterized by a dispersion in which only Weyl cones intersect the Fermi level, with low-energy behavior being governed by Weyl fermions. Although ideal Weyl semimetals have long been anticipated, only a few are realized in nonmagnetic materials. In this study, we confirm the presence of Weyl-fermion excitations in the ideal Weyl semimetal CuTlSe2 via a combination of magnetoresistance, Hall-effect, magnetic-susceptibility, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and muon-spin relaxation (µSR) experiments. Magnetoresistance measurements reveal a negative longitudinal magnetoresistance (LMR), which scales as B2, while Hall-effect results indicate a predominant contribution from Weyl fermions with a hole-type charge. Magnetic susceptibility and µSR measurements indicate the lack of any intrinsic spontaneous magnetic moments down to base temperature. Finally, the NMR results can be modeled by a two-component effective Hamiltonian, which reproduces well the temperature-dependent Cu63 NMR (T1T)−1 factor, shown to scale as T2 below 100 K and as T1 above 100 K. Overall, we find that the extremely low concentration (1017cm−3) of carriers in CuTlSe2 originates from an ideal nonmagnetic Weyl semimetallic state, persisting up to a thermal excitation energy of 9 meV (100 K), above which trivial electronic bands close to EF take over. Our findings highlight CuTlSe2 as a new member of the intriguing class of Weyl semimetals.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Three-gap superconductivity with
Tc
above 80 K in hydrogenated 2D monolayer LiBC
Authors: Liu Hao-Dong , Wang Bao-Tian , Fu Zhen-Guo , Lu Hong-Yan , Zhang Ping 
Published: September 2024

Although the metallization of semiconductor bulk LiBC has been experimentally achieved, various flaws, including the strong lattice distortion, the uncontrollability of phase transition under pressure, usually appear. In this work, based on the first-principles calculations, we propose a new way of hydrogenation to realize metallization. Using the fully anisotropic Migdal-Eliashberg theory, we investigate the superconducting behaviors in the stable monolayers LiBCH and LiCBH, in which C and B atoms are hydrogenated, respectively. Our findings indicate that the monolayers possess the high Tc of 82.0 and 82.5 K, respectively, along with the interesting three-gap superconducting natures. The Fermi sheets showing the obvious three-region distribution characteristics and the abnormally strong electron-phonon coupling are responsible for the high-Tc three-gap superconductivity. Furthermore, the Tc can be dramatically boosted up to 120.0 K under 3.5% tensile strain. To a great extent, the high Tc is beyond the liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K), which is beneficial for the applications in future experiments. This study not only explores the superconducting properties of the monolayers LiBCH and LiCBH, but also offers practical insights into the search for high-Tc superconductors.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Mediating role of relational capital in the influence of organizational culture on international project performance for construction enterprises
Authors: Lin Yi-Hsin , Huang Zixuan , Gao Yuqing 
Published: September 2024

PurposeThis study investigates the influence of market and hierarchy organizational cultures on international project performance and examines the mediating role of relational capital.Design/methodology/approachIn-depth interviews and a cross-sectional questionnaire survey were conducted to collect primary data within international projects. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses based on data collected from 62 respondents.FindingsThe results reveal that both market and hierarchy cultures affect international project performance positively. Additionally, communication, cooperation and trust help enhance project performance; however, commitment is not. This study also proves the mediating role of relational capital between organizational culture and project performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis study selected only two types of organizational culture represented by Chinese construction enterprises. Future studies can explore the mediating role of relational capital between other varieties of organizational culture and project performance.Originality/valueGiven the high complexity and risks faced by projects abroad, both organizational culture, the internal environmental factor and relational capital being the external resource, are crucial for project success. This study clarifies the relationship between organizational culture, relational capital and project performance overseas. Empirical evidence to enhance international project performance for construction enterprises is provided. This study also makes contributions to international contractors who want to implement projects in developing countries.
E-work self-efficacy and innovative behaviour: a moderated mediation analysis
Authors: Dogra Prinka , Parrey Aubid Hussain 
Published: September 2024

PurposeBased on self-determination theory, the paper examines the employee’s innovative behaviour in a remote-working context. It explores the relationship between e-skill self-efficacy (ESSE) in developing innovative behaviour (IB) to stay up with the rising rate of change through the mediating mechanism of employee resilience (ER) and considering organisational support (OS) as a potential moderator in these relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted empirical research tested on 298 remote workers from the Indian IT and Education industry. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) via Partial Least Squares (PLS) is the statistical methodology used.FindingsThe results identified that ER partially mediates the relationship between ESSE and IB. Further, for the direct effects, it was found that ESSE directly impacts ER and IB. Intriguingly, the moderating role adds depth to our understanding of predicting nuanced conditions under which ESSE and ER influence IB.Originality/valueDue to organisational significance, IB is gaining increasing attention from scholars. There is a dearth of knowledge on how innovative behaviour can be stimulated at the individual level, despite the rising interest of academicians. Hence, this study bridges the gap and intends to analyse the theoretical model linking ESSE and IB mediated by ER and moderated by OS conducive to the future of remote work. Further, the findings add knowledge to the literature on contemporary remote working. It aids in designing, adopting and implementing policies and practices for the organisations that have (or will move) to remote and hybrid work settings.
A systematic review of the Metaverse in formal education
Authors: Shi Chao , Park Jung Yeon 
Published: September 2024

PurposeIn light of the burgeoning interest in the Metaverse within educational contexts, this study provides a comprehensive review to address the knowledge gap prevalent among K-12 and higher education teachers and educators. The increasing integration of the Metaverse into classroom settings necessitates a systematic exploration of its impact on subject-specific pedagogy, assessment methods, research methodologies and overall learning outcomes.Design/methodology/approachThe research design involves a systematic review of 34 selected studies published between 2009 and 2023. The inclusion criteria prioritize investigations into Metaverse applications in classroom teaching, with a focus on subject disciplines, pedagogical approaches, measurement metrics and research methodologies. The selected studies undergo a detailed analysis and synthesis to extract meaningful patterns and trends.FindingsThe analysis reveals a predominant concentration on higher education, encompassing both science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) and non-STEM disciplines. However, few studies adopt comprehensive experimental designs. This suggests a gap in the methodological rigor of current research on Metaverse integration in education. While the Metaverse's impact on higher education is evident, the study underscores the need for more robust experimental designs and comprehensive research methodologies.Research limitations/implicationsThe limited exploration of students' experiences with the Metaverse in educational settings highlights a nascent research area that warrants further investigation. Future research should prioritize measuring students' perceptions and performance through indicators such as test grades to enhance our understanding of the Metaverse's efficacy in educational contexts.Originality/valueThe study aims to offer insights into the current state of Metaverse integration in education and identify areas for further research and development.
From tradition to technological advancement: embracing blockchain technology in family businesses
Authors: Kumar Deepak 
Published: September 2024

PurposeDespite the rapid advancement of blockchain technology across various sectors, scholarly research on its application within family businesses remains significantly underdeveloped. This study aims to address this gap by examining the application of blockchain technology within family businesses to identify key application domains, benefits and implementation challenges.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs a conceptual approach, drawing on existing literature on family businesses and blockchain technology. This review aimed to identify the unique characteristics of family businesses, their challenges and the distinctive features of blockchain technology that can potentially be mapped to each other. Based on the literature review, we develop a conceptual framework exploring blockchain technology applications in family businesses. Real-world case studies of family businesses that have implemented blockchain technology were identified to provide practical insights and implementation challenges.FindingsBlockchain technology possesses transformative potential for family businesses across several critical domains. It includes enhancing trust and transparency in operations, improving governance and decision-making and facilitating succession planning and intergenerational wealth management. Case study evidence illustrates the tangible benefits of blockchain, including enhanced supply chain transparency, optimized business processes, increased customer trust and resultant business sustainability. Blockchain technology implementation challenges include data privacy concerns, integration with legacy systems, regulatory uncertainty and change management issues.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited by its reliance on existing literature and case studies. It may not capture the full spectrum of challenges and opportunities associated with blockchain applications in family businesses. Future research should focus on longitudinal and empirical research to provide a deeper understanding of the impact of blockchain technology application in family businesses.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature by exploring the intersection of family businesses and blockchain technology, an area that has received limited academic attention. It identifies potential application domains of blockchain technology in family businesses and develops a conceptual framework based on existing literature. Through case studies, the research provides practical insights and valuable lessons for family businesses considering blockchain implementation. It also addresses key considerations and challenges, providing a clear roadmap for blockchain technology integration in family businesses. The study lays the groundwork for further research and exploration in blockchain technology and family businesses.
Social entrepreneurship and rural development in post-independence Indonesia
Authors: Imanuella Stella Franciska , Idris Aida , Kamaruddin Nurliana 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore how social entrepreneurship initiatives and rural development address various socio-economic challenges in rural communities following Indonesia’s independence in 1945.

Design/methodology/approach
Adopting a pragmatic research philosophy, this study uses a historical review and thematic analysis, extending from the PRISMA method to analyse articles and reports concerning social entrepreneurship initiatives and rural development in post-independence Indonesia.

Findings
This study reveals that social entrepreneurship initiatives and rural development programs have advanced hand in hand since Indonesia's independence. Social entrepreneurship initiatives and rural development mutually reinforce each other, with social entrepreneurship prominently featured in many rural development projects, promoting socioeconomic changes in rural communities.

Research limitations/implications
While this review has covered the available literature in Indonesia's context and extends the social entrepreneurship concept by showcasing its impact in rural Indonesia, further theoretical models integrating social entrepreneurship and rural development are needed, especially with local or regional context and community-driven approaches to increase the research potential in the field.

Practical implications
This study is beneficial for policymakers in the field to consider the findings of this review on the strong association that social entrepreneurship has had with rural development in Indonesia.

Social implications
This study highlights the importance of local values and community participation in social entrepreneurship initiatives for rural development. It is also highlighted that social entrepreneurship initiatives enable rural women to participate in entrepreneurial activities.

Originality/value
This study concludes that prior studies consistently demonstrate a strong association between social entrepreneurship initiatives and rural development, with government policies and programs increasingly leveraging social entrepreneurial approaches to tackle rural challenges. Additionally, rural development strategies in Indonesia align with three strategic pillars established by the government’s entrepreneurship programs. These pillars, integral to rural development through the social entrepreneurship approach, are critical for the formulation and future action plans adjustable to the current trends, issues and circumstances.
Expert consensus on systemic therapy for plaque psoriasis with limited skin involvement in JAPAN: Results from a DELPHI study
Authors: Morita Akimichi , Okubo Yukari , Imafuku Shinichi , Tada Yayoi , Abe Masatoshi , Gibson A. E. J. , Becker Frauke , Bogoeva Nataliya , Ohtsuki Mamitaro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOur objective was to establish consensus on (1) which patients with plaque psoriasis and limited skin involvement (body surface area [BSA] <10%) are suitable for systemic treatment, and (2) a definition of ‘topical therapy failure’. A steering committee refined 13 statements drawn from literature related to the study objectives. An independent panel of 45 clinical experts from Japan indicated their agreement to each statement using a 10‐point Likert scale (Round 1; strong consensus, ≥70% of responses = 7–10 and median value ≥8). The steering committee reviewed Round 1 results and refined the statements for Round 2, as necessary. In Round 2, the panel indicated their agreement to each statement using a 3‐point scale (strong consensus, ≥70% of responses and median value of 3) and were shown Round 1 responses before voting. Forty‐five clinicians participated in Round 1 and 41 of those (91%) participated in Round 2. Consensus was achieved on the criteria of eligibility for systemic treatment among patients with limited skin involvement as disease involvement at special or difficult to treat areas, psoriasis‐induced psychological distress, uncontrolled symptoms (e.g., scaling, bleeding, pruritus, insomnia) affecting their social life, psoriatic arthritis, or failure of topical therapy. Consensus on criteria for topical failure were persistent symptoms (e.g., itchiness, pain) and plaques, poor patient satisfaction with treatment, a need to increase medication quantity or application time after treatment with two topicals for 4 weeks; or if the Psoriasis Area Severity Index score of >3 or Physician Global Assessment Score of ≥2 after 8 weeks treatment. Our Delphi panel proposes criteria to help physicians identify patients with psoriasis and limited skin involvement who would benefit from systemic therapy and suggests a definition for topical therapy ‘failure’ which could indicate a move to systemic treatment is warranted.
Labour Market Arrangements and Competition Law in Australia: Time for Change?
Authors: Smith Rhonda L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs part of an ongoing review of Australia's Competition and Consumer Act (CCA) by Treasury, consideration is being given to removing the exemption from that law for conduct related to the labour market. This article considers whether there is sufficient justification to do so and, if so, how such conduct should be assessed under the CCA. No‐poach agreements are cartel conduct and other restrictive agreements may substantially lessen competition in labour markets. Nevertheless, in some circumstances there are legitimate reasons for some of these arrangements. Some suggestions are made as to how restrictive labour arrangements could be addressed by competition law.