bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Palaeoenvironmental evolution and decline of the harbours of the Roman and Early Byzantine city of Elaiussa Sebaste (southeastern Turkey): natural and anthropic causes
Authors: Melis Romana , Borgia Emanuela , Agostini Samuele , Celant Alessandra , Di Rita Federico , Forte Emanuele , Salvi Gianguido , Colizza Ester 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe ancient city of Elaiussa Sebaste, currently Ayaş, is located on the southeastern coast of Turkey. It was one of the main trading Mediterranean harbours from the Augustan period until the early Byzantine era. The Arab invasion in the 7th century ce marked its definitive abandonment. A significant historical topic concerns the palaeoenvironmental evolution of the northern and southern harbours of Elaiussa Sebaste, including their decline and burial. An interdisciplinary study analysed six cores drilled in the current plains corresponding to the former harbour basins. A geoelectrical study, integrated with borehole stratigraphy, reconstructed the geometry of the carbonate bedrock that forms the accumulation base of the marine sediments. Sediments deposited from the 8th century
bce to the 6th century
ce include the development phases of the ancient city from the 3rd century
bce onwards. Sedimentology, micropalaeontology (foraminifers, ostracods), palaeobotany (pollen, non‐pollen palynomorphs, microcharcoals, plant macroremains) and Pb isotopes provided a model of the environmental evolution in both harbour basins. The main harbour expansion phase, marked by a change in Pb concentration, is hypothesized to have occurred between 140 and 220
ce, which is consistent with the historical sources indicating the development of the city during the mid‐Roman Imperial period.
Guidelines for the Prophylaxis and Treatment of Peritoneal Metastases From Colorectal Cancer: A GRADE‐Approach for Evidence Evaluation and Recommendations
Authors: Goéré Diane , Kusamura Shigeki , Lurvink Robin J. , Cinquini Michela , Piso Pompiliu , Levine Edward , Hubner Martin , Cortés Guiral Delia , Brandl Andreas , Spinelli Antonino , De Hingh Ignace H. J. T. , Deraco Marcello 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTColorectal peritoneal metastases (CPM) are common in colorectal cancer patients. This article aims to provide GRADE guidelines for the use of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in two clinical situations: (1) To determine the value of adjuvant HIPEC for the prevention of CPM in high‐risk colorectal cancer patients; (2) to determine the impact on survival of cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC followed by adjuvant systemic chemotherapy as compared to systemic chemotherapy alone in patients with CPM.
Comprehensive evaluation of deep neck infections: A retrospective analysis of 111 cases
Authors: Aksoy Ahmet , Demirkıran Berat Baturay , Bora Adem , Doğan Mansur , Altuntaş Emine Elif 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeOur study will analyze patients' clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, and complications with deep neck infection (DNI) using their medical records for five years.MethodsThe present study included 111 patients diagnosed with DNI in our clinic between January 2018 and March 2023. The patients' complaints at admission, sociodemographic characteristics, season of diagnosis, findings from laboratory tests, radiological imaging performed at the time of first diagnosis, abscess localization, medical and surgical treatment methods used, and complications developing during follow‐up were retrospectively examined.ResultsThe mean age of the patients included in the study was 38.51 ± 16.92 (6–87 years). There was a significant correlation between chronic disease, smoking behaviours, oral hygiene, and DNI among patients based on their sociodemographic characteristics and medical history (p < .005). DNI development did not differ by season (p > .005). Physical examination findings predominantly revealed neck masses (39.6%) and peritonsillar abscesses (32.4%), and patients with peritonsillar abscesses had a shorter length of hospital stay than those with other localizations. No severe complications occurred during the clinical follow‐up.ConclusionChronic diseases, smoking, and poor oral hygiene are the primary risk factors for developing DNIs. If an abscess is located in a critical area, it may require extended hospitalization and surgery under general anesthesia. Therefore, addressing these risk factors and encouraging good oral hygiene practices are crucial to preventing DNIs and reducing the need for intensive treatment.
Broadband Long‐Wave Infrared On‐Chip Silicon‐based Surface‐Enhanced Laser Spectroscopy Enabled by Gradient Nanoantenna Array
Authors: An Donglai , Liu Zihao , Tang Zhouzhuo , Ni Jing , Wang Qi Jie , Yu Xia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSilicon‐based on‐chip broadband surface‐enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) is highly desired for integrated micromolecular detection systems, taking advantages of CMOS mass production, low cost, high sensitivity, etc. However, the silicon platform is difficult to operate in the mid‐infrared wavelength region above 4 µm where abundant fingerprint characteristics of biomolecules are located, because of the strong absorptions in silicon dioxide cladding above 4 µm. Here, a large‐core rib silicon waveguide‐integrated gradient nanoantenna array is proposed for broadband long‐wave infrared biomolecular detection. It is shown that Low loss propagation of light in the long‐wave infrared region up to 7 µm (1428 cm−1) in silicon photonics can be achieved while avoiding complex fabrication techniques. A gradient nanoantenna array is designed on the waveguide to achieve broadband enhancement from 5 to 7 µm (1428–2000 cm−1). Laser spectroscopy of bovine serum albumin on the chip is demonstrated, showing enhancement of absorbance by approximately ten times over laser transmission spectroscopy in the amide bands. Such a platform opens up a new horizon of silicon‐based on‐chip SEIRA biomolecular detection.
Conductivity Insights Into the Carbon Nanotubes Mobility Restricted by the Long‐Branched Chains During the Thermal Annealing, Fast Shear Flow and Melt to Solid Cooling Process
Authors: Li Jixiang , Maazouz Abderrahim , Lamnawar Khalid 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe present work provides a unique insight to reveal the long chain branching (LCB) influence to the nano‐fillers, that is via analyzing the conductivity evolution during the thermal annealing, fast shear flow and melt to solid cooling process. Meanwhile the crystallization behavior is also discussed. A linear polypropylene (PPC) and a long chain branched polypropylene (PPH) are chosen as the two polymer matrices with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the nanofillers. During the thermal annealing process, a more obvious growth of electrical conductivity of linear PPC nanocomposites are observed compared with LCB PPH nanocomposites. The harder movement of CNTs inside LCB PPH matrix may be the main reason. This also can be reflected by the conductivity evolution during slow cooling process where a decrease‐then‐increase (DTI) phenomenon is found for PPC/CNTs systems due to the rebuilding of CNTs conductivity network after crystallization. By contrast, this does not happen for PPH/CNTs systems.
Tremor Severity and Operative Parameters Predict Imbalance in Patients Undergoing Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy
Authors: Jha Rohan , Wadhwa Aryan , Chua Melissa M.J. , Cosgrove G. Rees , Rolston John D. 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundImbalance is the most commonly reported side effect following focused ultrasound (FUS) thalamotomy for essential tremor (ET). It remains unknown which patients are more likely to develop imbalance following FUS treatment.ObjectiveTo identify preoperative and treatment‐related sonication parameters that are predictive of imbalance following FUS treatment.MethodsWe retrospectively collected demographic data, preoperative Fahn‐Tolosa‐Marin Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor (FTM) scores and FUS treatment parameters in patients undergoing FUS thalamotomy for treatment of ET. The presence of imbalance was evaluated at several discrete time‐points with up to 4 years of follow‐up. Multiple machine learning classifiers were built and evaluated, aiming to maximize accuracy while minimizing feature set.ResultsOf the 297 patients identified, the presence of imbalance peaked at 1 week following operation at 79%. This declined rapidly with 29% reporting imbalance at 3 months, and only 15% at 4 years. At 1 week, total preoperative FTM scores and Maximum Energy delivered in FUS could predict the presence of imbalance at 92.8% accuracy. At 3 months, the total preoperative FTM scores and maximum power delivered could predict the presence of imbalance with 90.6% accuracy. Post‐operative lesion size and extent into thalamic nuclei, internal capsule, and subthalamic regions were identified as likely key underlying drivers of these predictors.ConclusionsA machine learning model based on preoperative tremor scores and maximum energy/power delivered predicted the development of short‐term imbalance and long‐term imbalance following FUS thalamotomy.
The Effect of Dysautonomia on Motor, Behavioral, and Cognitive Fluctuations in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Mahajan Abhimanyu , Morrow Christopher B. , Seemiller Joseph , Mills Kelly A. , Pontone Gregory M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundMotor and nonmotor fluctuations adversely impact the quality of life in Parkinson's disease (PD). Dysautonomia, a feature frequently associated with PD and a possible adverse effect of dopaminergic therapy, may be comorbid with fluctuations.ObjectiveWe sought to evaluate the effect of dysautonomia on motor and nonmotor fluctuations in PD.MethodsTwo hundred subjects with PD were evaluated in both on and off dopamine states to assess changes in symptoms related to dopaminergic fluctuations. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the association of dysautonomia with motor, cognitive, and psychiatric worsening from on to off states with adjustment for disease duration, levodopa equivalent daily dosage (LEDD), and dopamine‐agonist LEDD.ResultsSubjects with dysautonomia had greater odds of clinically meaningful change in motor features (odds ratio [OR]: 3.0), cognition (OR: 3.4), and anxiety (OR: 4.3) compared to those without dysautonomia.ConclusionsDysautonomia may be a contributory mechanism behind fluctuations in PD. The exact nature of this relationship deserves further evaluation. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
AAPM task group report 135.B: Quality assurance for robotic radiosurgery
Authors: Wang Lei , Descovich Martina , Wilcox Ellen E. , Yang Jun , Cohen Alan B. , Fuerweger Christoph , Prabhu Anand , Garrett Jeffrey A. , Taylor David D. , Noll Matt , Dieterich Sonja 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAAPM Task Group Report 135.B covers new technology components that have been added to an established radiosurgery platform and updates the components that were not well covered in the previous report. Considering the current state of the platform, this task group (TG) is a combination of a foundational task group to establish the basis for new processes/technology and an educational task group updating guidelines on the established components of the platform. Because the technology discussed in this document has a relatively small user base compared to C‐arm isocentric linacs, the authors chose to emphasize the educational components to assist medical physicists who are new to the technology and have not had the opportunity to receive in‐depth vendor training at the time of reading this report. The TG has developed codes of practice, introduced QA, and developed guidelines which are generally expected to become enduring practice. This report makes prescriptive recommendations as there has not been enough longitudinal experience with some of the new technical components to develop a data‐based risk analysis.
Background phase induced steady‐state effects in velocity quantification using phase‐contrast MRI
Authors: Fischer Carola , Speier Peter , Schaeffter Tobias , Giese Daniel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeFlow quantification using phase‐contrast (PC) MRI is based on steady‐state gradient echo (GRE) sequences and is hampered by spatially varying background phase offsets. The purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of steady‐state disruptions during PC‐MRI GRE sequences on these background phases. Based on these findings, a specific sequence and timing is suggested, and caution is expressed when using typical correction algorithms.MethodsSteady‐state responses in stationary tissue were investigated in different prospectively triggered through‐plane phase‐contrast MRI sequence. Different spoiling methods (gradient spoiling/FISP versus gradient+RF spoiling/FLASH) and interleaving of flow encoding gradients (every TR vs. every ECG cycle) were investigated using simulations, in phantoms and in vivo. Additionally, the effect of relaxation times on the phase offsets was simulated and measured. The impact on image‐ and phantom‐based background phase correction was studied.ResultsGood agreement between simulation and phantom measurements were observed. Different sequences lead to different spatiotemporal and tissue dependent background phases. Average flow rates in the popliteal artery were over‐ and underestimated for ECG‐interleaved and TR‐interleaved FISP acquisitions compared to FLASH, respectively.ConclusionBackground phase measurements are influenced by steady‐state effects leading to potentially false background phase quantification. Current background phase correction methods cannot correct for the disturbance.
Exploring the lived experiences of adults using home enteral nutrition and their caregivers: A meta‐aggregation qualitative systematic review
Authors: Sandhu Rebekah , Elliott Treeva , Hussain Whitney , Engbers John , Kassam Rosemin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHome enteral nutrition (HEN) provides nutrition through a tube to individuals at home who cannot meet their needs by mouth. Systematic reviews have explored the experiences of HEN subpopulations, such as those with head and neck cancers. Given HEN services care for adults with various underlying conditions, a synthesis of the experiences of all adults using HEN and their caregivers is warranted. The purpose of this study is to summarize the experiences of HEN adult users and their caregivers regardless of underlying condition. Medline, PsychINFO, EmBase and CINAHL were systematically searched in January 2024. Studies with qualitative results and adult participants and focused on HEN were included. Studies with participants in nursing facilities, results using word counts, or not in English were excluded. Study quality was assessed using the Johanna Briggs Institute (JBI) qualitative checklist. Study design and participants' details were extracted. Themes were collated using the JBI meta‐aggregative method. Forty studies (n = 732) were included. Three synthesized findings were identified: positive experiences (very low ConQual score), negative experiences (low ConQual score), and facilitators and coping mechanisms (moderate ConQual score). Although more negative than positive experiences were reported, users and caregivers who developed coping mechanisms or accessed supports viewed HEN as a worthwhile experience. Those with few supports or coping mechanisms did not. Based on this review, it is proposed that before starting HEN, users and caregivers should be made aware of the available supports and coping mechanisms. As negative experiences arise, healthcare providers should help users and caregivers access supports to improve their experiences.
Preparation and Evaluation of Polyethylene Glycol Conjugated Polyethylene Imine‐Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles for Paclitaxel Delivery to Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Aram Elham , Khonakdar Hossein Ali 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to synthesize and characterize the therapeutic effect of paclitaxel‐loaded polyethylene glycol modified polyethylene imine‐coated iron oxide nanoparticles on cervical cancer cell line (HeLa cell). The physiochemical characteristics of nanocarriers were confirmed by using several methods including X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed the magnetic nanoparticles with size of 35 nm and excellent magnetic properties could load paclitaxel with capacity (16%) and encapsulation efficiency (80%) that has revealed pH‐dependent release behavior. The anticancer effects of nanoparticles were investigated using MTT assay. In comparison to free drug, paclitaxel‐loaded magnetic nanocarrier revealed more cytotoxicity against HeLa cell line and also resulted in an increased rate of apoptotic cancer cells, assessed by flow cytometry analysis. Furthermore, the developed magnetic nanocarrier showed suitable hemocompatibility which can be used in clinical applications.
A comprehensive luminal breast cancer patient‐derived xenografts (PDX) library to capture tumor heterogeneity and explore the mechanisms of resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors
Authors: Segatto Ilenia , Mattevi Maria Chiara , Rampioni Vinciguerra Gian Luca , Crestan Nicole , Musco Lorena , Favero Andrea , Dall'Acqua Alessandra , Di Giustino Gabriele , Mungo Giorgia , D'Andrea Sara , Gava Chiara , Ruggiero Federica , Dugo Matteo , Gerratana Lorenzo , Puglisi Fabio , Massarut Samuele , Bomben Riccardo , Callari Maurizio , Perin Tiziana , Baldassarre Gustavo , Belletti Barbara 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is marked by significant genetic, morphological and clinical heterogeneity. To capture this heterogeneity and unravel the molecular mechanisms driving tumor progression and drug resistance, we established a comprehensive patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) biobank, focusing particularly on luminal (estrogen receptor, ER+) and young premenopausal patients, for whom PDX models are currently scarce. Across all BC subtypes, our efforts resulted in an overall success rate of 17% (26 established PDX lines out of 151 total attempts), specifically 15% in luminal, 12% in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2+) and 35% in triple negative BC. These PDX mirrored morphologic and genetic features of BC from which they originated, serving as a reliable tool to investigate drug resistance and test therapeutic strategies. We focused on understanding resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i), which are crucial in the treatment of patients with advanced luminal BC. Treating a sensitive luminal BC PDX with the CDK4/6i palbociclib revealed that, despite initial tumor shrinkage, some tumors might eventually regrow under drug treatment. RNA sequencing, followed by gene set enrichment analyses, unveiled that these PDXs have become refractory to CDK4/6i, both at biological and molecular levels, displaying significant enrichment in proliferation pathways, such as MTORC1, E2F and MYC. Using organoids derived from these PDX (PDxO), we observed that acquisition of CDK4/6i resistance conferred cross‐resistance to endocrine therapy and that targeting MTORC1 was a successful strategy to overcome CDK4/6i resistance. Considered together, these results indicate that our PDX models may serve as robust tools to elucidate the molecular basis of BC disease progression and, by providing the possibility to simultaneously test different therapies on the same tumor, to surmount treatment resistance. While this approach is of course not feasible in the clinic, its exploitation in PDX may expedite the identification and development of more successful therapies for patients with advanced luminal BC. © 2024 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Triple‐structured polyvinylidene fluoride‐based composite films with high conductivity and EM shielding properties
Authors: Zhou Teng , Tan Yanyan , Yang Renyuan , Xu Yuhuan , Zhan Xiao , Du Jingyu , Diao Kunlan , Qin Shuhao , Zhang Daohai 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFunctionalized thin films with excellent flexibility and conductivity can meet the current requirements for electromagnetic(EM) shielding materials. In this paper, 2D transitions metal carbide and nitride nanomaterials Ti3C2Tx MXene were prepared by chemical exfoliation, and PVDF/MWCNTs/3 wt%/RGO@Fe3O4@ AgNWs‐10 based on PVDF/MWCNTs‐3 wt%/RGO@Fe3O4@AgNWs‐10, The samples were prepared through a simple solution mixing process followed by vacuum‐assisted filtration (VAF), and PVDF/MWCNTs/MXene/RGO@Fe3O4@AgNWs three‐layer PVDF‐based composite films, which were analyzed for electrical conductivity and EM shielding properties, which increased and then decreased with the rise in the Ti3C2Tx MXene content, in which the highest electrical conductivity of the three‐layer composite films of M3/MX‐10/R@F@Ag was obtained when the Ti3C2Tx MXene addition amount reached 10 mL as 3.9 × 103 S/m, the EMI SET is 54.9 dB, the EMI SEA is 44.8 dB, the absorption loss is 81.6%, and the SSEt of the M3/MX‐10/R@F@Ag three‐layer composite film is the highest 1672.5 dB/(cm−2·g). And the SEA/SER ratios of the M3/MX‐X/R@F@Ag three‐layer composite films are all greater than 1. The result shows that the EM attenuation mechanism of the M3/MX‐X/R@F@Ag three‐layer composite films is primarily driven by absorption loss and that the incorporation of Ti3C2Tx Mxene improves the EM shielding performance of the composite films. The relatively novel exploration of the performance study and structural design of the M3/MX‐X/R@F@Ag three‐layer EM shielding composite film provides structural design and research ideas for the application of the new MXenes material in EM shielding composites.Highlights
The addition of Ti3C2Tx MXene will generate more conductive network nodules
A complete 3D conductive network is constructed in the membrane
This paper discusses the influence of Ti3C2Tx MXene on EM shielding
Multiple internal reflections of EMW between Ti3C2Tx MXene 2D nanosheets
The EM shielding mechanism of the film is discussed from the angle of 3D
Interdisciplinarity through internationality: Results from a US–Mexico graduate course bridging computational and plant science
Authors: Chitwood Daniel H. , Rougon‐Cardoso Alejandra , VanBuren Robert 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInterdisciplinarity is used to integrate and synthesize new research directions between scientific domains, but it is not the only means by which to generate novelty by bringing diverse perspectives together. Internationality draws upon cultural and linguistic diversity that can potentially impact interdisciplinarity as well. We created an interdisciplinary class originally intended to bridge computational and plant science that eventually became international in scope, including students from the United States and Mexico. We administered a survey over 4 years designed to evaluate student expertise. The first year of the survey included only US students and demonstrated that biology and computational student groups have distinct expertise but can learn the skills of the other group over the course of a semester. Modeling of survey responses shows that biological and computational science expertise is equally distributed between US and Mexico student groups, but that nonetheless, these groups can be predicted based on survey responses due to subspecialization within each domain. Unlike interdisciplinarity, differences arising from internationality are mostly static and do not change with educational intervention and include unique skills such as working across languages. We end by discussing a distinct form of interdisciplinarity that arises through internationality and the implications of globalizing research and education efforts.