bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nota de leitura | Hipertextos na teoria e na prática | Carla Coscarelli (org.)
Authors: Lotito Denise 
Published: May 2016

<p>Analisar como se dá a compreensão da leitura em textos não lineares é o que move o grupo de pesquisadores da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, ligados à Carla Coscarelli, que realizaram as pesquisas relatadas nesse livro. Trata-se de uma reunião de seis apresentações de pesquisas, como o título revela, de ordem prática.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
DARLING-HAMMOND, Linda. The Flat World and Education: How America’s Commitment to Equity Will Determine Our Future. New York: Teachers College Press, 2010, 394 p.
Authors: Dias Sonia 
Published: May 2016

<p>A autora do livro “<strong>The flat world and education”, </strong>Linda Darling-Hammond, é doutora em Educação Urbana e professora da Universidade de Stanford. Foi consultora-chefe de Educação do governo Obama e se dedica, há anos, ao estudo de temáticas relacionadas ao desafio da implementação de uma educação de qualidade. Sobre esses temas, já escreveu mais de 12 livros e mais de 300 artigos, sendo atualmente considerada uma relevante referência de estudos educacionais. </p>
O SIGNIFICADO DA SUSTENTABILIDADE NA ECONOMIA DE COMUNHÃO SOB A ÓTICA DAS PRÁTICAS DE MERCADO
Authors: Ferreira Paulo André , PINHEIRO ALESSANDRO MARINHO , Cardozo Hugo Leonardo Guilhernandes , BARROS DENISE FRANCA 
Published: May 2016

<p>Este artigo foi o resultado de uma dissertação de mestrado em Administração aprovada no ano de 2014, cujo objetivo foi descobrir como as empresas da EdC definem o significado de sustentabilidade através de suas práticas de mercado, utilizando o modelo teórico de práticas de mercado de Kjellberg e Helgesson (2007). Para a realização deste objetivo foi elaborada uma apresentação dos conceitos de sustentabilidade, EdC, práticas de mercado e práticas sustentáveis, no intuito de delimitar e elucidar seus significados. Em seguida, foi demonstrado a metodologia utilizada, a análise dos dados e, por fim, as considerações finais. Como conclusão, foram constatas as seguintes práticas comuns às duas empresas pesquisadas, culminando no significado de uma sustentabilidade através do(a): relacionamento honesto ou fraterno com os clientes, reciclagem dos resíduos aproveitáveis e doação dos resíduos não aproveitáveis a outros atores, utilização de matéria-prima reciclada na produção, desenvolvimento de programas relacionados à saúde e segurança do trabalhador, realização de treinamento e cursos de capacitação ou formação aos funcionários, realização de normas de redução do desperdício e da poluição, e desenvolvimento de políticas de Responsabilidade Social.</p><p> </p>
A Natural Twin Hospital Birth: My Birth Story
Authors: Mueller Jamie Linn 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTIn this column, the author describes the vaginal birth of her twin daughters. Despite impending complications in the last weeks of her pregnancy that might have required a cesarean, this mother was committed to doing everything possible to give birth naturally. With the support of her husband as well as the obstetrician and the nurse, she was able to give birth to her daughters vaginally.
La vaca sobreinterpretada (acerca de la construcción de identidades colectivas)
Authors: Vilas Nogueira José 
Published: May 2016

Hace alrededor de tres años, Jon Juaristi publicó El bucle melancólico, un libro de "historias de nacionalistas vascos". Hace algo menos tiempo lo he leído yo.
No me voy a referir al conjunto del libro, sino a uno de sus capítulos iniciales. Dos están consagrados a Unamuno. El segundo de ellos se titula "El bardo de Hendaya" y es, sustancialmente, el análisis de un poema de don Miguel.
Juaristi hace una "sobreinterpretación" -así lo dice él mismo- del poema. No voy a discutir la legitimidad de este procedimiento en los terrenos de la filología o de la crítica literaria. Pero sí diré que es un recurso siempre peligroso, y potencialmente catastrófico, aplicado al análisis de discursos, figuras o movimientos políticos. Y, además, la sobreinterpretación que hace Juaristi es manifiestamente inconsistente. El autor hace una generosa utilización del anagrama como recurso interpretativo, incluyendo lo que él llama "semianagrama" (por ejemplo "el caso del semianagrama hojas-hijos [H-J-S] " , en la página 117; " olas es semianagrama de hojas [O-A]", en la página 120; etc.). Dado que hay otros posibles "semianagramas" de cualquiera de estas palabras, por ejemplo herejes; por ejemplo, ocas (naturalmente, hay algunos más); dado que como la h de hojas-hijos es muda (precisamente a la opinión que Unamuno tenía sobre la utilidad de las haches mudas en vascuence hace repetida referencia Juaristi) es bastante dudoso que sea pertinente su utilización en la atribución de significatividad aun semi anagrama (¿o estamos simplemente a hacer crucigramas? Dado todo esto, uno se puede preguntar si este recurso no sobrepasa los límites de la argumentación razonable. Estas libertades interpretativas, en un autor que exhibe una gran cultura filológica y literaria, paradójicamente, disminuyen la plausibilidad de su discurso, prestándole apariencia de práctica de prestidigitador.
Upbeat Natural Gas Producers Show Value of Low Expectations
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen 
Published: May 2016

Conference Review - HIS Energy CERAWeek in Houston, Texas, April 20-24, 2015
The price declines for oil and natural gas are equally brutal, with roughly a 50% decline for both fuels. But the mood of those working in the gas sector was upbeat at the recent IHS CERAWeek conference compared with those in oil.
The difference can be credited to the differing expectations. On the oil side, USD 100/bbl crude looked like a sure thing going forward until the price slid to around USD 50/bbl. Those on the gas side experienced a move within a low price range they have been living with for years.
That range roughly runs from a high of USD 5 to a low of USD 2 per MMBtu, which is near the recent price of about USD 2.50, said Dave Pursell, managing director, head of securities at Tudor, Pickering, Holt & Co.
“For the last 5 years, gas prices have been down,” said Steven Mueller, chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) of Southwestern Energy. While he said he would like to see prices rise, “we designed our company around low gas prices.”
The group has hammered down the cost of profitably producing gas and maximized output by targeting the best reservoir rock, most of which is in the Marcellus Shale. The same can be said of the other companies working in formations that mostly produce dry gas.
“Production has not only increased, it has accelerated,” Mueller said. He described the combination of ingredients that led to the surge as a “power function.”
The fortunes of oil and gas diverged in fall 2008. Initially, both oil and gas exploration plunged after the financial crisis led to a recession. While oil recovered in late 2009, setting the stage for the booms in the Bakken, Eagle Ford, and Permian formations, gas prices stayed low.
Both oil and gas drilling reached nearly the same peak when measured by the number of drilling rigs working. The top week for gas was 1,606 working rigs in mid-September 2008, while oil reached 1,601 in September 2014, according to the Baker Hughes weekly rig count totals. Since they hit their peaks, the number of rigs drilling for gas has sunk to 225 in late April while oil has fallen to 701.
Technology Focus: Wellbore Tubulars (June 2015)
Authors: York Pat 
Published: May 2016

Technology Focus
The roles of wellbore tubulars in delivering continued well integrity are diverse, critical, and congruent throughout the life of the well.
Well integrity has been defined by the NORSOK Standard document as the “application of technical, operational, and organizational solutions to reduce risk of uncontrolled release of formation fluids throughout the life cycle of a well.”
Wellbore tubulars are integral to providing these well-integrity barriers, whether they form the conduit for the primary barrier (the fluid column) within the well, such as the drillpipe, or comprise a well-barrier element such as casing or other tubulars associated with drilling, completion, production, intervention, or even abandonment.
During the well-construction phase, the primary well barrier is typically the fluid column and its tubular conduits. Secondary well-barrier elements can be the in-situ formation, casing cement, casing, wellhead, high-pressure riser, or drilling blowout preventer. Subsequently, as the well matures over the next 30 years or more, the elements within the wellbore-tubular realm vary, but each continues to play a significant role in maintaining well integrity. Therefore, with more-complex high-pressure/high-temperature wells being drilled, the industry is adopting a more “life of the well” engineered approach in the area of wellbore-tubular design.
The papers summarized within this section are focused on the various roles tubulars play during the life of the well, beginning with proactive application of innovative well monitoring during drilling operations to provide a dual role of the drillpipe by adding a layer of well-health surveillance during the drilling activities. The section’s focus continues with reviews of case histories outlining the application of drillpipe intervention systems successfully applied in the offshore west Africa arena and solutions to large-scale tubular failures within a mature field in Suriname’s Tambaredjo field.
The additional-reading titles selected further explore various applications and evaluation techniques with case-history references to assist in expanding the reader’s wellbore-tubular knowledge toolbox.
We all strive to deliver quality well construction, production, intervention, and abandonment to our industry. While evaluating papers for inclusion in these few short pages encapsulating the extensive base of information published that surrounds the application of wellbore tubulars, I was struck by the quality and diversity of information available. Therefore, the reader is encouraged to search further within the industry’s technical-paper and article archives to explore additional aspects of wellbore tubulars and the tools and techniques that are currently available and critique their applicability.
Reducing Tubing Failures in the Tambaredjo Field, Suriname
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: May 2016

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 169978, “Case Study for Reducing Tubing Failures in Suriname’s Tambaredjo Field,” by D. Nurmohamed, SPE, H. Chin A Lien, SPE, and S. Kisoensingh, SPE, Staatsolie Maatschappij Suriname, prepared for the 2014 SPE Trinidad and Tobago Energy Resources Conference, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 9–11 June. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
In the 30 years of operations on Suriname’s Tambaredjo field, the prime mechanism for lifting the 15.6 °API crude to surface has been that of progressing cavity pumps (PCPs). In the period from 2008 to 2012, an annual average of 580 downhole failures occurred, 54% of which were caused by tubing leaks. In an effort to reduce these tubing failures, a pilot program was commenced to install rod guides in wells with the highest failure rate and to install a 25-ft sucker rod directly above the pump.
Introduction
Currently, Staatsolie Maatschappij Suriname produces from the Tambaredjo, Calcutta, and Tambaredjo Northwest fields, as illustrated in Fig. 1. These oil fields are located in a marshy area on the coastal plain of Suriname approximately 55 km west of Paramaribo.
The crude oil contains low sulfur content (0.65 wt%) and 1 wt% asphaltene and has an average viscosity of 500 cp at reservoir conditions. The water/oil ratio is 7 and the gas/oil ratio is less than 50 scf/bbl as of December 2013. The average daily production from these fields reached 16,700 BOPD from 1,549 active producing wells completed in shallow unconsolidated-sand reservoirs with depths ranging from 700 to 1,500 ft. The Tambaredjo oil field is the oldest and largest of these fields, with 1,130 active producers contributing two-thirds of the overall production.
Mechanical Wear of Tubing
The majority of tubing failures in the Tambaredjo field are repetitive in nature. Mechanical wear is the removal of metal caused by the frictional rubbing of the sucker-rod string against the inner wall of the tubing. This frictional rubbing can be increased by the movement of the rod string, often characterized as stick/slip.
Technology Focus: EOR Operations (June 2015)
Authors: Goodyear Stephen 
Published: May 2016

Technology Focus
What a difference a year can make! Back in June 2014, when the EOR Operations feature last appeared in JPT, Brent was trading at more than USD 100/bbl. At the time of writing this year, the oil price has halved to near USD 50/bbl. However, despite current prices, it is widely believed that the age of easy oil is over and that, as we seek to replace reserves and meet growing energy demand, we will be driven to develop more- technically-difficult and -capital-intensive volumes. This will be through exploration in ever-more-remote and -challenging environments, the development of known but more-difficult reservoirs, or the development of brownfield projects by applying improved-oil-recovery and enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) techniques to existing assets.
Worldwide, more oil is left behind in reservoirs than is recovered. The potential of EOR is significant: A 1% increase in the efficiency of hydrocarbon recovery could deliver 3 additional years of annual global production at today’s level. EOR is about monetizing known barrels in well-characterized formations through the application of commercially proven recovery techniques such as miscible-gas and steam injection and with an eye to the maturation of less-widely-applied or emerging EOR technologies such as alkaline/surfactant/polymer flooding or low-salinity flooding.
Developing these EOR plays requires the willingness to step beyond our comfort zones and the commitment to longer-term project timelines, which may require a piloting or demonstration phase before large-scale application. That is not very different from opening up a new exploration play, except that we know with certainty that the hydrocarbons exist.
Successful implementation of more-complex recovery processes benefits from a systems approach in which every aspect of the project is considered, from the injectant sourcing through to piloting, facilities design, project phasing, surveillance, and reservoir management. Alongside this there is a need to develop and deepen skills to move from primary- or secondary-recovery processes to EOR. SPE plays an important role in this by sharing knowledge and experience of operating projects. The papers summarized in this section and suggested in the recommended additional reading all speak to different aspects of the EOR journey. I hope you will enjoy reading them and be inspired to look for EOR opportunities in your fields.
Numerical Analysis for Promoting Uniform Development of Simultaneous Multiple-Fracture Propagation in Horizontal Wells
Authors: Wu Kan , Olson Jon , Balhoff Matthew T. , Yu Wei 
Published: May 2016

Summary
Multistage hydraulic fracturing, together with horizontal drilling, plays an important role in the economic development of unconventional reservoirs. However, according to field analysis of stimulation effectiveness, only a small percentage of perforation clusters contribute to most of the well production. One reason for this low effectiveness is that multiple fractures do not take the same amount of fluid and proppant because of the interaction between hydraulic fractures (i.e., stress-shadow effects). Unfortunately, how best to minimize the negative effects of stress shadowing is still not fully understood in the petroleum industry. In this paper, we analyze this problem to promote more-uniform fracture growth by use of a complex hydraulic-fracture-development model.
We use our fracture-propagation model, which couples rock deformation and fluid flow in the fracture and horizontal wellbore. The model assumes homogeneous linear-elastic rock medium and does not consider proppant transport in multiple fractures. Partitioning of flow rate between multiple fractures is calculated by use of the principles of flow through an electric-circuit network. Fracture development is dominated by flow-rate distribution, which is controlled by flow resistance within the fractures. For simultaneous multiple-fracture propagation, nonuniform flow-rate distribution is induced because stress-shadow effects exert additional flow resistance on the interior fractures. To balance the extra resistance introduced by the effects, we investigated two adjustment approaches to promote uniform fracture development. The first approach was to adjust perforation number or diameter to increase flow resistance entering the exterior fractures. The second was to mitigate stress-shadow effects through management of nonuniform fracture spacing. We found that decreasing perforation diameter or the number of exterior fractures can divert fluid into the interior fractures and promote even fracture growth. Stress-shadow effects can be mitigated by moving the two interior fractures away from each other and toward the exterior fractures. The key mechanism is to maintain even flow resistance within each fracture and facilitate fractures to obtain the same amount of injection fluid. Furthermore, flow resistance is affected by near-wellbore fracture tortuosity, natural fractures, and stress heterogeneity in the reservoirs. These factors might also be effectively controlled by adding extra flow resistance to pass perforations, provided that this extra resistance is larger than the extra resistance introduced by the factors.
This work analyzes the problem of uneven development of multiple fractures along the horizontal wellbore and provides new insights into how to control simultaneous multiple-fracture propagation. It offers potential approaches for engineers to apply in the field to optimize hydraulic-fracturing-treatment design, thereby maximizing well production cost-effectively.
Rupert Brooke’s Neo-Paganism
Authors: M. Pavlović Tomislav 
Published: May 2016

Rupert Brooke (1887-1915) embodies the myth of the Great War but after his sudden death his war poems tended to be disapproved of. His pre war Georgian lines are also dismissed on account of their effete pestoralism and alleged escapism. It seemed as if both the critics and the audience simply failed to understand the subtext of his poems that reveals a magnificent spiritual pilgrimage undertaken by a poet in the age of anxiety. In search of the calm point of his tumultuous universe Brook varies different symbolic patterns and groups of symbols thus disclosing the lasting change of his poetic sensibility that range from purely pagan denial of urban values and the unrestrained blasphemy up to the true Christian piety. Our analysis affirms him the true modernist poet, a cosmopolitan mind, always apt to accumulate new experiences and it is certain that his work will be seen in quite a new light in the decades to come.
Evaluating Intercropping (Living Cover) and Mulching (Desiccated Cover) Practices for Increasing Millet Yields in Senegal
Authors: Trail Patrick , Abaye Ozzie , Thomason Wade E. , Thompson Thomas L. , Gueye Fatou , Diedhiou Ibrahima , Diatta Michel B. , Faye Abdoulaye 
Published: May 2016

Located within the Sahel region, Senegal faces several agricultural production challenges. Limited rainfall, poor soil fertility, and insufficient agronomic inputs all contribute to low pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] yields. This study was initiated to assess the potential for increasing millet yields through intercropping (living cover) and mulching (desiccated cover) practices. During the 2013 and 2014 growing seasons, pearl millet was intercropped with cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.], mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek], or grown under mulch (neem [Azadirachta indica] leaves applied at 2 t ha−1). Field trials were conducted at two sites within Senegal's central millet–peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) basin, in Bambey (14°41′38″ N, 16°28′12″ W) and Thiés (14°45′45″ N, 16°53′14″ W). Soil moisture and plant N (based on the normalized difference vegetation index [NDVI]) were measured in addition to yield. When intercropped with a legume, millet grain yields increased up to 55% compared to millet alone. The combined grain yields under intercropping (millet + legume) were always higher than yields of millet alone, up to 67% in Bambey. Mulching increased soil moisture up to 14%, with yield increases of up to 70% over millet with no mulch. Plant N increased in both intercropped and mulched millet, with NDVI increases up to 21% with mulch and 16% when grown with a legume (prior to flowering). These yield increases were achieved using resources that are available and affordable to small‐scale producers in the region (seeds and mulch), and did not require the addition of fertilizer inputs.Core Ideas

Intercropping millet with cowpea or mungbean was found to increase millet grain yield compared to millet that was grown alone. Yield increases as high as 55% were recorded.
Increasing ground cover through mulching of millet was found to significantly increase soil moisture compared to millet grown with no additional ground cover. Soil moisture increased up to 14% in mulched soils compared to unmulched soils.
Intercropping millet with a legume (cowpea or mungbean) always resulted in a higher combined yield than growing either the millet or the legume by itself.
Quantifying the Agronomic and Economic Performance of Hybrid and Conventional Rice Varieties
Authors: Nalley Lawton , Tack Jesse , Barkley Andrew , Jagadish Krishna , Brye Kristofor 
Published: May 2016

The objective of this research is to estimate and compare the agronomic and economic performance of hybrid and conventional rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties in the Mid‐South of the United States. The introduction of hybrid rice for commercial production has given producers an alternative to traditionally cultivated, conventional (inbred) lines. Adoption rates of hybrid rice have grown to over 40% in some regions of the Mid‐South; however, its milling quality is a concern. Producer revenues are based on both rough (paddy) rice yield and postharvest processing, or milling. Hence, producers receive prices at the mill that are directly affected by the milling quality of the delivered rice. In this study, we used 3500 observations from 2003 to 2013 with detailed weather, yield, and milling data in 23 locations across Arkansas and Mississippi to estimate differences in the paddy (quantity) and milled rice yield (quality) between hybrid and conventional cultivars. Moreover, we used a multivariate regression framework to estimate yields and economic returns for Clearfield (imidazolinone tolerant; CL) and non‐CL varieties. We found that hybrid varieties had a paddy yield premium over conventional varieties of 1.66 Mg ha−1 and 1.82 Mg ha−1 for CL varieties. The results show that hybrids had a lower milling quality than the conventional varieties, yet the milling quality exceeded industry standards in 97.5% of the observations. On average, hybrid varieties outperform conventional rice varieties in terms of absolute profit per hectare and relative profit margin, defined as profit per cost of production, for both CL and non‐CL varieties.Core Ideas

Rice producers’ revenue is based on both rough rice yield and the subsequent milling outcome.
Early hybrid lines had high paddy but low milling yields which questioned their economic status.
We find that hybrids had a distinct paddy yield advantage over inbred lines.
We find hybrids had a lower milling quality than inbred lines but exceed industry standards.
We find hybrids outperform inbred varieties in absolute, profit ha−1 and relative profit margin.