bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying a Birth Cohort of Twins from Linked Data – Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Campbell Alexander Charles , Young Jesse T 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveIn the absence of accurate perinatal records, identifying and differentiating twins in administrative records is difficult because of their similarity; they share surnames, dates of birth, and residences. In administrative databases, events within twin pairs are often incorrectly identified as being from one individual, representing a threat to data accuracy. An inability to identify twins in administrative data precludes applying powerful twin-based causal inference methods to understand health and social well-being.
ApproachWe developed an algorithm using linked administrative birth, perinatal, emergency department, and hospital records in Victoria, Australia from 1 January 1993 to 31 December 2023. We probabilistically linked a sample of 1,434 ‘known’ twin pairs from the Australian Twin Registry to validate the sensitivity of our algorithm. We calculated specificity using a sample of non-twins derived from linked data.
ResultsOur algorithm identified 37,900 twin pairs, 75,800 twin individuals, in the Victorian linked dataset. The accuracy of our ascertainment of twins by key characteristics will be presented and discussed.
ConclusionsThe birth cohort we have generated is one of the largest twin cohorts in the world with unprecedented granularity in longitudinal health and social data.
ImplicationsOur algorithm improves the accuracy of administrative data repositories and linkage, providing novel information on where errors in previous linkages have occurred due to limited familial or intergenerational information. Our large population-based birth cohort of twins can be used to investigate the familial and non-familial determinants of health using advanced causal inference which leverages the natural similarity between twins.
The Networked Data Lab: lessons from four years of analytical collaboration on common problems in health on social care
Authors: Knight Hannah , Fraser Caroline , Prendergast Tom , Kifetew Chamut 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThe Networked Data Lab (NDL) is a UK-wide network of analytical teams embedded in the health and care system. Each year, we support five local partners to acquire and link new health and social care datasets on a different topic. The NDL provides insights from this linked data to help UK policymakers improve health and care, leveraging public, patient, and stakeholder engagement to prioritise topics of shared local interest.
Approach Now in its fourth year, the NDL has commissioned a Learning Study (LS) to evaluate progress towards its aims. This employs a theory-based approach to test and assess key assumptions about programme impact through a Theory of Change. For the study, semi-structured interviews with analysts and stakeholders at the five NDL sites were conducted to identify factors influencing the programme’s impact.
ResultsDrawing on interim LS findings, we will describe the types of impact the programme has achieved, and some of the key barriers and enablers to analytical collaboration across geographic and organisational boundaries. Themes include senior sponsorship; stakeholder input into problem definition; information governance and tools and skills. Themes will be illustrated with case studies drawn from the different NDL topic areas, including children and young people’s mental health and unpaid carers.
Conclusions and ImplicationsThe Networked Data Lab shows that data linkages can provide unique insights that local service planners can act on, but highlights a complex set of conditions that need to be met to enable impactful analytics using real-world health and care data.
Mental health of children with epilepsy compared to their peers: population-based cohort from linked primary and secondary healthcare record in England
Authors: Wagstaff Millie , Zylbersztejn Ania , Bennett Sophie 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundChildren with epilepsy have higher rates of internalising mental health (MH) conditions compared to their peers, although available evidence is limited by small and selective samples. We used linked primary care and hospital admission records covering approximately 4.42% of English population to describe incidence of mental health problems in children with epilepsy compared to their peers.
MethodsWe developed a cohort of young people aged 7-17 years old between 2010-2019, with minimum 1 year of follow-up until death, 18th birthday or 2020 using linked data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Episodes Statistics. Epilepsy (exposure), depression and anxiety (outcomes) were identified using a combination of diagnostic codes, and primary care prescribing records. We estimated incident rate ratios (IRR) for anxiety/depression/any MH condition for children with epilepsy compared to their peers using negative binomial regression adjusted for sex, age, and area-level deprivation.
ResultsStudy cohort included 510,177 children and young people, of whom 3,011 (0.59%) had epilepsy. Children with epilepsy had higher incidence of any MH condition (IRR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.11–1.73) and anxiety (IRR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.06–1.77), with differences in depression being non-significant (IRR: 1.25, 95% CI: 0.92–1.66).
DiscussionChildren with epilepsy have higher rates of MH problems than their peers. Further work will examine if this can be partially explained by increased opportunity for MH diagnosis due to more healthcare contacts. Our findings emphasise the importance of integrated care models that address both neurological and psychological aspects of epilepsy management.
Addressing data gaps on long-term care in Canada through data linkage
Authors: Frank Kristyn 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundWithin the context of Canada’s aging population, the complexities of its long-term care system, and the COVID-19 pandemic, information about long-term care facilities, their residents, and their workers is needed. However, little information exists on long-term care residents as they are rarely included in population surveys, and data on the facility characteristics of long-term care workers’ places of employment are often not available.
Objective and ApproachTo effectively monitor changes, improvements, and health outcomes in Canada’s long-term care sector, many data gaps need to be addressed. This paper will present the results of an initiative that sought to examine the potential of integrating existing survey and administrative data sources to fill these gaps. A novel approach was taken which focused on how both facility-level and individual-level data could be integrated, allowing for a more comprehensive understanding of long-term care in Canada.
ResultsThis initiative resulted in the development of two data linkage proposals. This presentation will provide an overview of the data sources identified for linkage, the approach taken to examine the feasibility of these linkages, challenges with integrating the data sets, and next steps to move the initiative forward.
ImplicationsThe data linkages that will be discussed will help to address data gaps on Canada’s long-term care system. The proposed data linkages may also provide researchers with ideas for using similar data sources to address data gaps in long-term care in their respective countries.
Differences in health visiting contacts for children of mothers with and without a history of adversity-related hospital admissions in England (2018/19 to 2019/20): an analysis of novel linked community health and hospital data.
Authors: Mc Grath-Lone Louise , Woodman Jenny , Clery Amanda , Liu Mengyun , Bunting Catherine , Harron Katie 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveExplore differences in children’s contact with health visiting (HV) services by pre-birth exposure to maternal adversity.
ApproachFor the first time, we linked the Community Services Dataset (CSDS), which records HV contacts for children in England from 1 April 2018 to 31 March 2020, to Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) which contains births and mothers’ hospital admissions in the preceding 3 years. We used admissions that included ICD-10 codes related to mental health, substance use and violence to identify children born to mothers with a history of adversity. We compared characteristics of children’s HV contacts (i.e. number, mode, location, duration) stratified by maternal adversity.
ResultsOverall, 85.2% of 626,478 children in CSDS linked to a birth record in HES. Among children receiving HV contacts, 11.7% were exposed to maternal adversity: 11.1% mental health, 1.3% substance use, 0.4% violence. Children with maternal adversity had more HV contacts than other children (mean = 3.8 vs 2.7, p<0.001). There were no differences in contact mode (i.e. face-to-face or phone) for children with maternal adversity compared to others, but their contacts were longer (44.5% lasting >30 minutes vs 35.1%, p<0.001) and more likely to be at home (56.3% vs 47.8%, p<0.001).
ConclusionsHV services respond in different ways to children with and without pre-birth exposure to serious maternal adversity, reflecting the “proportionate universalism” that underpins HV services in England.
ImplicationsThe differential service response for vulnerable children may require additional resources (e.g. staff, training) which should be considered when designing and funding HV services.
Applying Trial Emulation Methods to Population-Scale Linked Electronic Health Records for Individuals with Multiple Long-Term Conditions Whilst Adjusting for Informative Observations
Authors: Abrams Keith , Rafferty James , Lyons Jane , Lyons Ronan , Owen Rhiannon 
Published: September 2024

Background & ObjectivesTrial Emulation methods can be applied to Population-Scale Linked Electronic Health Records (EHR) to generalise the results of Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) to a broader patient population. However, the Data Generating Mechanisms (DGMs) associated with EHR data mean that there is a need to adjust for informative observations, i.e. worse prognosis patients may have more observations.
ApproachUsing the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA) as a case study: a RCT of a calcium-channel blocker-based regimen versus a β-blocker-based regimen, an emulated trial was created from population-scale, individual-level, linked anonymized EHR data curated as part of the Wales Multimorbidity e-cohort (WMC) for individuals who would have been eligible for ASCOT-BPLA but who also had Multiple Long-Term Conditions (MLTCs). Outcomes were systolic and diastolic blood pressure estimated/predicted at treatment initiation, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 monthly until 4 years.
Methods & Results Predictions were made using a fully probabilistic Bayesian joint model which allowed for dropout due to death and which either did or did not also adjust for the frequency of blood pressure observations available. In previous simulation studies such a joint modelling approach has been shown to out-perform other adjustment methods in terms of bias and coverage.
Conclusions & ImplicationsWhilst EHR data offer an attractive platform in which to evaluate interventions in people living with MLTCs, the inherent DGMs associated with them need to be taken into account, and the use of a joint modelling approach is an attractive way to achieve this.
Progress and developments towards making historic administrative data research ready
Authors: Williamson Lee , Dibben Chris 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesTo make research ready data from transcribed historic civil registration records: birth, marriage and death (from mid-19th century onwards). To use historic records effectively for large-scale research they must not only be made machine-readable, but also coded in a suitable format – along with classification of transcribed information. Included on the digitised historic records are textual descriptions of occupations and causes of death. Thus, to code transcribed occupations to HISCO and causes of death to ICD.
ApproachIt is impractical to hand-code the records manually (34 million occupations and 8 million causes of death), especially for deaths where more than one cause can be given. As such, coding is viewed as a text classification task and the process is automated. To facilitate auto-coding, a proportion of records were hand-coded as training data (90,000 occupations and 102,000 deaths). Ahead of the auto-coding, initial pre-processing, cleaning and standardising is done on both the occupations and deaths.
ResultsPreliminary experiments undertaken obtained reasonable results from a combination of exact matching and statistical classification. Experiments using a larger pilot uncovered that since some occupations are very common, the training data set covers a very large proportion of the records (ie exact match). This proportion is not as high for deaths given the different ways causes are written.
ConclusionThis is work in progress to create the research ready data, and the poster will include the results from experiments using the full training data (90,000 occupations and 102,000 deaths).
Developing and using a full-population resource from Washington State administrative data
Authors: Romich Jennifer L , Harper Shannon , Ayala Sofia G , Freitag Callie , Pelletier Elizabeth , Germain Geraldine , Mathno Tagoipah 
Published: September 2024

In the U.S. context, state-level integrated data systems are often built around system domains, such as P20 data systems which integrate student education data from preschool through higher education. This paper presents an innovative effort to develop and deploy an integrated data system capturing administrative records for the full (adult) population of a state. This effort—WashPop—is a new statewide data repository for research and policy analysis in Washington State that includes a longitudinal core data file, combining microdata from state employment, voting, licensing, public assistance, and vital statistics systems, to which other data resources may be linked to answer timely, policy-relevant questions. In this paper, we describe the design of WashPop and expound on its practical utility to address state- and local-level well-being and equity challenges—including its ability to bridge informational gaps from survey data by speaking to the experiences of smaller populations like rural counties, smaller towns and cities, and small racial and ethnic groups. We present evidence showing how such linked data can replicate Census counts while providing fine-grained longitudinal earnings and residential histories. Our research further offers insights on the power of this data resource to augment incomplete record information on racial and ethnic identities for a sharper study of how these characteristics intersect with inequality. Case studies also illustrate the value of these data for informing the design of the state Paid Family and Medical Leave Act, evaluating the Seattle $15 Minimum Wage ordinance, and informing policy decisions around workforce and equity issues.
Entre la exclusión educativa y las políticas públicas. Alfabetización e inclusión en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Argentina
Authors: Pulice Silvia Susana 
Published: September 2024

En este artículo se exponen algunas conclusiones de la Investigación - acción realizada en escuelas de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), República Argentina (2023). La investigación se propuso hallar una posible articulación entre las condiciones didácticas e institucionales y el avance de los aprendizajes. Se trabajó sobre un universo de trece escuelas primarias de gestión estatal de “Bajo Desempeño” (EBD) de la Ciudad. Para ello se realizó una intervención en dos dimensiones. Desde una dimensión micro, acompañando y asesorando las prácticas docentes en cada escuela, analizando recursos disponibles, participando en reuniones con docentes para problematizar la enseñanza, realizando un relevamiento minucioso de los saberes en relación con la lectura y escritura de los y las estudiantes, y también dotando de recursos materiales y humanos en las situaciones que lo requerían. Por otro lado, y desde una dimensión macro, discutiendo junto a las autoridades de la jurisdicción políticas educativas y repensando estructuras institucionales teniendo en cuenta el contexto sociocultural en el que se desarrolla el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
Esta investigación se enmarca en una política educativa del Ministerio de Educación de CABA, Alfabetización para la Inclusión (API), que articula la intervención en las escuelas estatales mediante Dispositivos para la Intensificación de la Enseñanza (DIE) en un abordaje de corresponsabilidad junto a los propios actores que hacen a la Escuela, para problematizar la alfabetización y visibilizar trayectorias escolares en riesgo. A partir de ello se establecen acuerdos sobre distintas acciones que potencien la enseñanza para que efectivamente promuevan avances en los aprendizajes de los y las estudiantes.
A partir de la investigación acción, se logró resignificar la tarea de los programas de acción focalizada que se implementaron en la jurisdicción hace ya más de veinte años.
Acompañamiento en el espacio de práctica Preprofesional de la formación de magisterio y educación física de Uruguay. Una construcción colectiva
Authors: Rodríguez Aguirre Alejandra , Morales Valero Manuel 
Published: September 2024

En este artículo se presentan hallazgos preliminares que resultan de una investigación sobre la práctica preprofesional realizada en dos instituciones educativas de Uruguay. El objetivo del estudio se enfoca en las necesidades y dificultades que presentan los acompañantes en los procesos de práctica docente y que impactan o afectan en la guía y acompañamiento del desarrollo de la misma. La detección de dichas necesidades al interior de las instituciones permitió visualizar y comprender estas problemáticas en el contexto real donde son producidas. Se trata de una indagación de corte cualitativo y la técnica de recolección de datos empleada es la entrevista semiestructurada. Los datos obtenidos permiten evaluar las necesidades reales de los docentes y contrastarlas con los requerimientos institucionales de la formación docente del país. A partir de los aportes surgidos de los datos y su posterior análisis, se hizo un diagnóstico de la realidad educativa, el cual posibilita dar continuidad a la indagación.
Effect of D,L methionine and ammonium chloride on urine acidification, urinary fractional excretion of calcium, and blood bicarbonate in clinically healthy goats
Authors: Neal Casey E. , Grissett Gretchen P. , Fleming Sherrill , Wills Robert W. , Woolums Amelia R. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Urinary acidification with ammonium chloride (AC) for urolith dissolution is a common treatment for goats with urolithiasis. Studies have reported increased fractional excretion of calcium (FECa) following AC administration, which could increase calcium-based urolithiasis. D,L methionine (MET) may result in similar acidification with less calcium excretion.

OBJECTIVE
To compare the effects of orally administered MET and AC on urine and blood pH, FECa, and blood HCO3- concentrations in male goats.

METHODS
Prospective, randomized, crossover study. 12 healthy, 5-to-6-month-old Boer-cross wethers were administered 200 mg/kg of AC or MET orally for 14 days with a 7-day washout period between trials. Venous blood and urine samples were collected every 2 days. The effects of treatment and treatment day on urine and blood pH, HCO3-, and FECa were assessed using linear mixed models.

RESULTS
Ammonium chloride and MET lowered least squares means (LSM) urine pH on day 6 (LSM, 7.49; 95% CI, 6.44 to 8.54), 8 (LSM, 7.78; 95% CI, 6.73 to 8.83), and 10 (LSM, 7.53; 95% CI, 6.49 to 8.58) when compared to day 0 (LSM, 8.23; 95% CI, 7.18 to 9.28). Some goats’ urine indicated acidification (pH < 7.0) in the first phase of the trial; however, for the entire trial, a significant treatment effect was not detected on urine pH, blood pH, blood HCO3- or log10 FECa.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Ammonium chloride and MET acidified urine of some goats. Dietary cation-anion difference should be considered when treating healthy goats to acidify their urine.
Modeling the Tourism Market Behavior Based on Discrete Equilibrium Models “Supply – Price – Demand”
Authors: Novakivskyi Ihor , Kulyniak Ihor , Dziurakh Yurii , Ohinok Solomiya , Ukrainets Lilia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The work is devoted to the modeling of the behavior of the tourism market in the conditions of a supply random lag, distributed according to normal and uniform distribution laws. The behavior of dependences on the tourist market of supply and demand on the price is considered. The modeling of the behavior of the tourism market was carried out using a market dynamic model in the plane of variables “supply – price – demand” taking into account the interests of different groups of consumers, primarily from the point of view of pricing. The delay between changes in supply and demand volumes is taken into account using a Cobweb model. To test this method, information was collected on family expenses when traveling abroad (outbound tourism, tourist vacations lasting 7-15 days) by surveying the employees of 38 travel organizations as of 2021. Three segments of the tourism market are identified: low ($2000 − 4000), medium ($4000 − 12000), and VIP-segment ($12,000 − 20,000). The analysis of the modeling results showed that the behavior of tourists of different segments can significantly influence the market dynamics. The use of a Cobweb model allowed for determining the level of stability of tourist behavior and assessing the possibility of consumer migration from one segment to another. Sensitivity to price changes and response to new offers from different segments can be different, which is important for determining pricing strategies, marketing, and the development of new tourism products.
From Administrative Price to Market Value of Real Estate. The Evolution of the Valuation System in Poland
Authors: Źróbek Sabina , Renigier-Biłozor Małgorzata , Źróbek Ryszard 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The article applies the method of historical research, using a temporal perspective dating back to 1985, to trace the evolution of market valuation principles for real estate in Poland. These principles evolved similarly to those in many other post-socialist countries, influenced by political and socio-economic transformations and the resulting list of objectives for which these values became essential. The changing legal regulations allowing for the emergence and development of a free real estate market played a decisive role in this process. It was also a period of preparing real estate valuation professionals to meet these requirements. Today, the methodology of valuation, under increasing pressure from various real estate market entities and the rapid advancement of intelligent data collection and processing technologies, is undergoing further evolution. In many countries, including Poland, lively discussions and disputes are ongoing regarding the legal authorization of statistical tools and automated valuation models in valuation practice. These possibilities are being considered particularly in the context of mass property valuations for tax purposes. The methodology involves the analysis of Polish legal provisions, foreign literature, and documents proving the gradual marketization of valuation principles.