bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Star Formation Histories with Gaia: The Galaxy and Beyond
Authors: Kučinskas A. , Lindegren L. , Tanabé T. , Vansevičius Savanorių 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
ESA’s Gaia mission will provide accurate astrometric, photometric and spectroscopic data for millions of stars in the Galaxy and beyond. We discuss the prospects of using this vast amount of astrophysical information for understanding star formation histories in the Galaxy and its immediate neighbors within the Local Group.
Principles and Applications of the Synchronous Network of Remote Telescopes
Authors: Zhilyaev B. E. , Romanyuk Ya. O. , Svyatogorov O. A. , Verlyuk I. A. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
A new approach for the search of microvariability and high-speed phenomena in variable stars is presented. It gives a new technology of observation and analysis of the data. Statistical photometry stands on the three pillars: the digital filtering technique, the photon counting statistics based on the Mandel equation, and the integral transforms of the light curves. This technique permits to investigate low-amplitude and rapid variability of stars.
On the Data Reduction of WET Observations
Authors: Pakštienė Erika 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
It is demonstrated how the length of a continuous time-series of photometric data and their gaps affect the power spectrum of a Fourier Transform of the data. It is shown that second order effects of the atmospheric extinction - the dependence of the extinction coefficient on spectral type of a star and on the air mass - cannot be ignored. The ignoring of these effects results in aliases at frequencies lower than 200 μHz. A modification of the extinction correction procedure is proposed.
Correction of UBV Photometry for Emission Lines
Authors: Skopal A. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We investigate the effect on U,B,V magnitudes of the removal of emission lines from the spectra of some symbiotic stars and novae during their nebular phases. We approach this problem by the precise reconstruction of the composite UV/optical continuum and the line spectrum. The corrections ΔU, ΔB and ΔV are determined from the ratio of fluxes with and without emission lines. We demonstrate the effect for symbiotic nova V1016 Cyg during its nebular phase. We find that about 68%, 78% and 66% of the observed flux in the U, B and V filters is radiated in the emission lines. The effect should be taken into account before using the observed color indices of emission-line objects for diagnosis of their radiation in the continuum.
Effect of crop management and cultivar on colonization of Capsicum annuum L. by Endophytic Fungi
Authors: Halász Krisztián , Borbély Csaba , Pós Veronika , Gáspár László , Haddadderafshi Neda , Winter Zsófia , Lukács Noémi 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Due to their importance as biological control agents, we analysed the colonization of two pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars by culturable endophytic fungi in natural sandy soil in the open field and under soil-free conditions in the greenhouse, respectively. In natural soil, we observed a significant difference in colonization rates between the cultivars ‘Hó’ and ‘Kápia’. Colonization rates were always lower in the greenhouse than in the open field. Colonization was enhanced towards the end of the growing period and organ-specific differences were also observed. On the basis of colony morphology, 15 separate groups were identified for future sequence-based identification.
Analysing quality deficiencies of three potato cultivars during the storage period
Authors: Buna Alexandru , Domokos Erzsébet , Donescu Livia Daniela , Ianoși Elena Maria 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The aim of this work was to assess quality deficiencies in three potato cultivars (Christian, Roclas, and Cumidava) during the storage period. According to the results, the Roclas presented the highest level of susceptibility to pathogens; this, however, can be attributed to the dry rot that causes greater damage in this cultivar. No significant positive correlations between the plant’s vegetative parameters and the most dangerous diseases and pests in Christian were detected. There was a significant positive correlation between the biomass of the tubers and the silver scurf blemish disease, respectively between tuber numbers and dry rot in Cumidava and significant positive correlations between tuber numbers and the silver scurf blemish disease, between biomass of the tubers and dry rot, respectively between tuber numbers and wireworm larvae at Roclas. Altogether, we can conclude that the most susceptible cultivar was Roclas followed by Cumidava, while the least susceptible was the Christian cultivar.
Detailed hydrogeomorphic analysis in the Gerecse Mountains, Hungary
Authors: Józsa Edina 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The northern foreland of the Central Gerecse Mountains is a complex landscape with a moderate relief and the presence of terrace remnants. To explore the hydrogeomorphic settings, the characteristics of the drainage network, several basin metrics, and geomorphometric maps were interpreted, which are the outputs of a semi-automated algorithm. Based on the results, the small catchments of the area were divided into two groups with diverse topographic characteristics and the presence of 7 terrace levels was revealed.
Ground-dwelling arthropod (Araneae, Coleoptera: Carabidae, Isopoda: Oniscidea) assemblages on Hungarian main road verges
Authors: Vona-Túri Diána , Szmatona-Túri Tünde , Kádár Ferenc , Kiss Balázs , Weiperth András , Gál Blanka 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn this study, we research ground-dwelling arthropods along four road stretches, which represent the main verge habitats (arid grassland, agricultural area, forest, and wetland) of Hungary. Besides the faunistic investigation of arthropod communities, we described and compared dominance relation and species composition. We identified 83 carabids, 81 spiders, and 4 isopod species. Seven beetle species and one spider species are included in the invertebrate Red List of Hungary. The registered species were dominant on main road verges bordering arid grassland and wetland. Main road verges proved to be a diverse habitat; hence, it is important to carry on more investigation.
Evaluating the effect of plant population densities and nitrogen application on the leaf area index of maize in a reclaimed wetland in Kenya
Authors: Njuguna Catherine Waithira , Kamiri Hellen Wangechi , Okalebo John Robert , Ngetich Wilson , Kebeney Syphilline 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Maize is the main staple food in Kenya with over 90% of Kenyans relying on it. While the annual national consumption is increasing, the production of this crop has been on the decline in the last two decades. Maize production in Kenya fell by 33.4% in 2013 with Nyeri among the counties said to be grappling with the production of this crop. Land pressure is one of the major causes of decreased availability of food as well as soil depletion and encroachment upon fragile ecosystems such as wetlands. Nitrogen is a key nutrient in the production of maize, and its deficiency is a major factor limiting its production. This study investigated the effect of N application at 120 kg N/ha and maize density on the Leaf Area Index in reclaimed wetland soils in an experimental set-up comprising a randomized complete block design with three replications. The research was carried out in Nyeri County, Kenya. Leaf Area Index (LAI) was determined using the given SunScan formula. Measurements were done continuously until crop physiological maturity. Results indicated that the leaf area index increased with nitrogen application and reduced with spacing for most treatments. There were no significant differences between the two methods (Copy Method and SunScan). Leaf Area Index (LAI) was high in treatments containing nitrogen and high plant density. It was concluded that high plant density gives high LAI. 50 cm * 12.5 cm (-N) and 50 cm * 12.5 cm (+N) are the recommended plant densities for the site.
Drug generations that combat influenza A virus infection
Authors: Żaroffe Gabriela , Leluk Jacek , Żyźniewska Agata , Filip Rafał 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Influenza viruses are significant human respiratory pathogens that cause infections and unpredictable pandemic outbreaks. M2 ion-channel protein, participating in the transmission of viral genetic materials into infected cells, is considered to be the crucial target for old-generation drugs such as rimantadine and amantadine. Neuraminidase protein, which is responsible for the replication of the influenza virus, is affected by the new generation of drugs, including oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir (Relenza). The virus mutations that cause oseltamivir resistance are also described. This review presents the details concerning the treatment of influenza neuraminidase inhibitors against the H5N1 strain. It also describes virus mutations that cause resistance to oseltamivir and presents a new drug, peramivir, which is a neuraminidase inhibitor that was introduced against the H1N1 epidemic. This work specifies the details of the pharmacokinetics, dosing, toxicity, side effects, and efficiency of the drugs being used against influenza A virus infections.
The Effect of Kinship Placement Laws on Foster Children’s Well-Being
Authors: Hayduk Iryna 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This paper examines whether placing foster children with relatives, instead of unfamiliar caregivers, institutions, or group homes, increases the effectiveness of foster care and consequently improves children’s well-being. As a source of exogenous variation in kinship placement, I use recent major reform of foster care – state policies that prefer kin placement over other types of foster care settings. Using individual-level panel dataset, the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS), and employing difference-in-differences identification strategy, I find that in the short-run children exposed to law benefit from higher stability of placement and shorter length of foster care episode, but do not experience significant changes in either mental or physical health. In the longer term, kinship foster homes are more efficient in terms of improving safety and providing permanent home through discharge from foster care with a relative. Thus, given the effectiveness of kinship care, policymakers should focus on developing and implementing policies that further facilitate relatives’ involvement in foster care.
Preparation of Aluminium Hydroxide with Mechanochemical Synthesis in the Middle School Laboratory Lesson
Authors: Okálová Anna , Chrappová Jana , Haláková Zuzana 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Mechanochemical reactions proceed if solid reactants combine together by grinding, milling or kneading with no or minimal solvent. It is possible to observe changes: fizzing, foaming, colour changes, water release. This process is manually simple and there are several mechanochemical reactions which can be demonstrated during school laboratory lessons. For high school pupils there exist five possibilities of inorganic synthesis: mechanochemical synthesis, crystallisation, precipitation, filtration and decantation. The preparation of aluminium hydroxide in the school laboratory is described in this paper. Five mechanochemical reaction schemes were tested by pupils in their laboratories. The pupils conducted the experiments and filled in worksheets to accompany the practical. On the basis of their results, a suitable procedure for school use is suggested.
The Errors in Visual Estimation of Plants Cover in the Context of Education of Phytosociology
Authors: Chmura Damian , Salachna Anna 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn vegetation science including phytosociology, visual estimates of plant cover and point method belong to the common field method to record species composition and their abundance. Two methods were compared: Braun-Blanquet scale and point method using Levy bridge. A group of students performed measurements in five plots belonged to an oak-hornbeam forestTilio-Carpinetum. It was revealed that there is a very high discrepancy in a observed number of species. Total mean numbers obtained are 13.4 and 31.2 for point method and Braun-Blanquet method respectively. However, there is the significant positive and medium correlation between two methods in terms of estimation of abundance of species. It can be concluded that point-method is not suitable for study of forest floor vegetation. It can be merged with other methods. Due to many repetitive measures, it can be helpful in learning of recognition of species.
Efficiency of Biological Phosphorus Removal by Filamentous Bacteria
Authors: Machnicka Alicja , Grübel Klaudiusz 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Phosphorus removal in wastewater treatment plant is carried out by chemical precipitation, advanced biological treatment or a combination of both. One of the biggest problems with high concentration of phosphorus in water environment is eutrophication. Activated sludge flocs have a heterogeneous structure, which consist of a variety of microorganisms. Filamentous bacteria are normally present in the activated sludge and have ability to assimilation of phosphorus. In this study phosphorus accumulation by isolated filamentous bacteria from activated sludge foam was present.
Application of REACH and LCA System’s to the Materials Formed in the Production of Mineral Wool
Authors: Adamczyk Zdzisław , Harat Andrzej , Grmela Arnost 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The article analyses the application of two management systems - REACH directive and ISO 14040 (Life Cycle Assessment - LCA) with reference to the technological process as well as by-products of mineral wool production. It characterizes basic differences between the norms discussed, i.e. the strict formalization of REACH, which results in the analysis being conducted according to a precisely defined scheme, or the subjective character of LCA, which makes it possible to take into account the most important environmental aspects pertaining to the entire life cycle of a particular product. The discussion provides a basis for formulating the general conclusion that the classification criteria encompassed by REACH regulations do not allow for a complex analysis of the negative environmental impact of a particular substance (preparation, product) and should be complemented with elements of LCA analysis.
Religion and Science: What Can Anthropology Offer?
Authors: Skalník Peter 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This short tribute to Ján Podolák comments on the space between two extremes: pure science and blind belief. If religion is not susceptible to scientific proof because it is a belief in an invisible world inhabited by spirits who influence human existence on earth then science in its strictest sense is the opposite of religion because it is not based on any beliefs but solely on provable facts. However, the anthropology of science should be based on the pluralism of knowledge and the seeking of truth in different cultural settings around the world. Everything human, also science, is a social and cultural phenomenon. This means that rationality is not a preserve of the Western mind only and that without falling into the trap of postmodernist excessive relativism, we should admit that rationality is not only universal but also not hierarchized evolutionistically or qualitatively by giving preference to its Western brand. Science thus ceases to be the only realm of rational knowledge. Religion in its turn is a kind of non-scientific knowledge.
Statistical Analysis of Indoor RSSI Read-outs for 433 MHz, 868 MHz, 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz ISM Bands
Authors: Chruszczyk Łukasz 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This paper presents statistical analysis of RSSI read-outs recorded in indoor environment. Many papers concerning indoor location, based on RSSI measurement, assume its normal probability density function (PDF). This is partially excused by relation to PDF of radio-receiver's noise and/or together with influence of AWGN (average white Gaussian noise) radio-channel – generally modelled by normal PDF. Unfortunately, commercial (usually unknown) methods of RSSI calculations, typically as “side-effect” function of receiver's AGC (automatic gain control), results in PDF being far different from Gaussian PDF. This paper presents results of RSSI measurements in selected ISM bands: 433/868 MHz and 2.4/5 GHz. The measurements have been recorded using low-cost integrated RF modules (at 433/868 MHz and 2.4 GHz) and 802.11 WLAN access points (at 2.4/5 GHz). Then estimated PDF of collected data is shown and compared to normal (Gaussian) PDF.
Building Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Cherepanov Alexander , Tyshchenko Igor , Popova Mariia , Vakhnin Dmitriy 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This article provides an overview of the existing problems in the construction of wireless sensor networks (WSN), in particular the problem of energy efficiency of the system. In many cases, the WSN is set in places where the connection to the stationary power sources is difficult or impossible. Such situations require the use of autonomous energy sources: traditional (batteries) or alternative (solar panels, wind generators, etc.). Due to limitations in the available system power there is obvious need in efficient use of available energy resources.
Hexagonal Photonic Crystal Fiber Behaviour as a Chromatic Dispersion Compensator of a 40 Gbps Link
Authors: Betancur-Pérez Andrés F. , Botero-Cadavid Juan F. , Reyes-Vera Erick , Gómez-Cardona Nelson 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In this paper, the capabilities of chromatic dispersion compensation of a photonic crystal fiber with a hexagonal distribution of circular air holes was investigated. The vector finite element method with scattering boundary condition was used to analyze a set of configurations of the fiber in which the distance between air holes’ centers was modified. With this method it was possible to obtain the values of chromatic dispersion and confinement factor in the C fiber band. The best suited configurations were tested in a 160 km optical link with a bit rate of 40 Gbps. The performance was evaluated by measuring the bit error rate for a set of 20 channels with channel spacing of 100 GHz. The simulation results showed that is possible to reach values of chromatic dispersion as low as

$- 850{{{\rm{ps}}} \over {{\rm{nm}} \middot {\rm{km}}}}$

, confinement losses close to 10−3 dB/km and good BER results in the order of 10−17 for a wavelength of 1550 nm.
ARIES – Development of Accelerator Technology in Europe 2017-2020: Global and Local Consequences
Authors: Romaniuk Ryszard S. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The article describes chosen, yet key parts of newly established European, infrastructural research and development project ARIES (2017-2020) - Accelerator Research and Innovation for European Science and Society, to be realized inside the framework of the H2020 programme. Two institutions from Poland participate in ARIES – these are Warsaw University of Technology and Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology. ARIES is a topical continuation of the previous infrastructural accelerator projects realized uninterruptedly since 2003 – FP6 CARE – Coordinated Accelerator Research in Europe and FP7 TIARA – Test Infrastructure and Accelerator Research Area, EuCARD – European Coordination for Accelerator Research and Development, and EuCARD2. The article is simultaneously a part of a series of papers concerning the participation of Polish doctoral students and young researchers, especially from the Warsaw University of Technology, in large European and world experiments of the discovery class, including building large research infrastructures like: FLASH and EXFEL, ESS, ITER and DEMO, IFMIF, but also satellites built by the ESA, etc. ARIES embraces, among others, the following subjects: energy efficiency and management, cost lowering, miniaturization and ultra-high field gradients, promotion innovation, industrial applications, societal implications, new materials and components, new methods of particles acceleration including laser-plasma-particles interaction, and building new generations of systems.
Why is “not infrequent” not always “frequent”? Double negation in political discourse
Authors: Osmankadić Merima 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to view double negation in the light of its semantic and pragmatic meaning. While double negation in logic gives a positive value, in natural languages, besides having positive entailment, it can have a range of different implicatures and functions. Thus, depending on different discoursal factors, double negation can be used for different motives, e.g. the speaker is not sure whether a certain proposition is true or is sure that it is not true, to name just one. The analysis is carried out on the database consisting of the reports, interviews and articles of the High Representative and his associates in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the period from 1995 to 2001.
Concentration of Credit Exposure as a Significant Source of Risk in Banking Activities: The Idea and Methods of Estimation
Authors: Kozak Sylwester 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The simultaneous activation of many sources of risk can slow bank operations and even lead to bankruptcy. Credit risk is the greatest threat to the orderly functioning of a bank. To protect against its materialization banks spend nearly 90% of their total capital requirement. Concentration of credit exposure to single entities, as well as to single economic sectors, can be a source of additional risks. Estimation of the additional portion of the capital requirement in selected banks in Poland in 2008-2013 indicates that banks should assign additional 4% and 2% of the capital requirement to cover the risk of exposure concentrations in: respectively, individual entities and individual economic sectors. For banks with a retail profile more important was the risk of large exposures in individual economic sectors, and for banks with a corporate profile in individual entities. Estimates were carried out according to the procedure used by the Bank of Spain and the Bank of Slovenia, and the data derived from the annual financial reports of selected banks listed on the WSE.
Is There Any Relation between Intellectual Capital and the Capital Structure of a Company? The Case of Polish Listed Companies
Authors: Bolek Monika , Lyroudi Katerina 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This study investigates the relationship of the intellectual capital of a company (proxied by its intangible assets), with leverage and equity and capital structure. Our empirical results indicate that there is a negative relation between the intellectual capital (intangible assets) of a company and its leverage based on the Warsaw Stock Exchange main market and NewConnect alternative market. Moreover, the equity capital is found positively related to the level of intangibles in each of the two markets. These results support the thesis that intellectual capital (intangible assets) influences the capital structure of a company.