bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flow-through microfluidic relative permittivity sensor using highly-doped silicon sidewall electrodes
Authors: Bonnema M J S , Veltkamp H-W , Alveringh D , Wiegerink R J , Lötters J C 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper reports a flow-through sensor for the real-time measurement of the relative permittivity of a flowing fluid. The proposed sensor contains multiple parallel microchannels. Each channel acts as a parallel plate capacitor in which the electrodes are isolated from the fluid. This approach results in a low pressure drop and high sensitivity while the internal volume is only 50 nl. The fabrication technology allows for controllable scaling of the channel geometry. Equally deep microchannels with widths varying between 5 µm and 50

μ

m are fabricated. The fabrication technology is compatible with other flow-through sensors, enabling further on-chip integration. The sensor has been characterised using 10 different fluids with relative permittivity values ranging from 1 to 80—including water and water-containing mixtures—at a measurement frequency of 300 kHz. The results show an accuracy within 3% of full scale and the repeated measurements with nitrogen and water show standard deviations of 1.20 and 1.03, respectively.
Investigation of a piezoelectric ultrasonic surface wave transducer that minimizes structural scattering
Authors: Zhu Xinjie , Zhang Jie , Deng Mingxi , Yao Sen , Gao Yang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The structure of the transducers for surface ultrasound wave sensing introduces structural scattering that affects the transducer’s performance. A numerical model of an ultrasonic surface wave transducer was established. Numerical simulations and dynamic acoustic analysis were performed to systematically assess the effects of the transducer parameters, such as the front and back angles, matching layer, and front wedge shape, on structural scattering. The results show that the acoustic amplitude of the transducer structure’s scattered waves is basically stable when the back angle of the wedge is 64°–68° and the front angle is 65°–85°. The amplitude obtained from a transducer with orthogonal slots and a front uniform matching layer is 61% lower for the primary structure scattering, and 56% lower for the secondary structure scattering. When equipped with the upper matching layer, the amplitude of the secondary structural scattering echo is reduced by 78.2%. The experimental results show that the transducer with orthogonal slots on the wedge and a matching layer at the front and upper edges has a signal-to-noise ratio of 19.6 dB when detecting the echo signal of a φ8 through-hole in a welded steel plate, indicating good detection capability. The experiment validates the numerical simulation results. The proposed transducer can be used for structural monitoring of welded structures and flaw detection.
The effect of channel size and wall erosion on the low-frequency oscillation in Hall thruster
Authors: Chen Long , Chen Junyu , Tan Congqi , Duan Ping , Liu Xintong , Liu Miao , Fa Meichen , Feng Jie , Zhang Xueer , Zheng Bocong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Hall thrusters are electric propulsion devices widely used on spacecraft. The stability of Hall thrusters is often disturbed by low-frequency oscillations (LFOs) around 5–100 kHz, known as the ‘breathing mode’, typically observed through fluctuations in channel discharge current and plasma parameters. Experimental studies on Hall thrusters with a wide range of sizes show that LFOs exhibit distinct characteristics depending on the channel structures. The size of the channel can modify the particle-wall interactions, electric potential distribution, and electron temperature, thereby influencing the performance of LFOs. Furthermore, the long-term operation of thrusters can cause significant wall erosion, altering the geometry of the discharge channel, which further impacts LFOs. In this work, a one-dimensional fluid model is established to explore the influences of structure sizes and wall erosion of the channel on the LFO characteristics. Both the thruster channel and the plume region are included in the model, and a modified and more precise approach to calculating the electron energy loss at the wall is proposed, which takes into account the influences of secondary electron emission and the channel cross-sectional area. The simulation results indicate that choosing a narrower or longer channel structure has a significantly suppressing effect on LFOs. An erosion model is established according to the cited experimental data to construct the eroded channel structure and to investigate the effect of channel erosion on the breathing mode, which shows that wall erosion can exacerbate LFOs and impact the performance of the thruster.
Anomalous lattice contraction and emerging topological phases in Bi-substituted Sm2Ir2O7
Authors: Telang Prachi , Bandyopadhyay Abhisek , Meneghini Carlo , Carlomagno Ilaria , Singh Surjeet 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We demonstrate that substituting Bi for Sm in the pyrochlore Sm2Ir2O7 induces an anomalous lattice contraction, with

Δ
a
∼
−
0.012

Å observed at 10% Bi substitution, where ‘a’ denotes the lattice constant. Beyond 10% Bi substitution, the lattice expands according to Vegard’s law. Within this anomalous substitution range, the resistivity shows a

1

/

T

behavior up to 2% Bi-substitution, while near 10% substitution a -lnT dependence is observed. These resistivity behaviors suggest the possibility of a Weyl phase up to 2% Bi substitution, which transforms to a semimetallic quadratic band touching (QBT) topological phase near 10%. For the intermediate composition (Sm0.95Bi0.05)2Ir2O7, the resistivity scales as

1

/

T

1

/

4

, possibly due to its proximity to a proposed quantum critical point at the Weyl-QBT phase boundary (Savary et al 2014 Phys. Rev. X
4 041027). The samples were characterized using synchrotron powder x-ray diffraction, x-ray near-edge fine structure (XANES), and Extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) probes. Additionally, magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity measurements were conducted to provide further support.
Experimental magnetic-semiconductor features of the theoretically half-metallic perovskite CaLaTiFeO6
Authors: Avellaneda Martínez J D , Ibáñez-Sotelo J S , Velásquez Moya X A , Deluque Toro C E , Landínez Téllez D A , Roa-Rojas J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this manuscript, the synthesis process of the CaLaTiFeO6 material is shown. The crystallographic structure analysis reveals its monoclinic perovskite type nature (space group P21/n, #14), its morphological strongly granular characteristics, its optical response yields its semiconducting character with a 0.61 eV bandgap and its ferromagnetic property at temperatures T > 350 K are reported. Likewise, calculations and analysis of the electronic properties are performed through density functional theory, which showed correlation with the experimental results. The results allow classifying the CaLaTiFeO6 material as a ferromagnetic semiconductor at room temperature, making it a good candidate for the design of spintronic devices.
Influence of polarization of hot nuclear matter on the anomaly of surface diffuseness of inter-nuclear potential
Authors: Ramezani Sani S , Gharaei R , Rahnamaye Aliabad H A 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The fusion excitation functions for 12 colliding systems with 96 ≤ Z
1
Z
2 ≤ 608 are analyzed using coupled-channel (CC) calculations based on the M3Y double-folding (DF) potential supplemented with a repulsive potential that takes into account the incompressibility of the nuclear matter. We also applied the polarization effects of hot nuclear matter (PEHNM) on the calculations of the bare nucleus–-nucleus interaction potential within the framework of the modified density-dependent Seyler–Blanchard (SB) approach in the T
2 approximation. Our results reveal that we obtain a nice description of the experimental data of different fusion systems when we use the present theoretical approach to calculate the energy-dependent values of the fusion cross sections. In this paper, the influence of the PEHNM on the surface diffuseness parameter of the Woods–Saxon (WS) potential is also studied. In order to reach this goal, we extract the corresponding values of this parameter based on the modified form of the DF potential (M3Y+Repulsion+polarization). We find that the extracted values are located in a range between a = 0.61 and 0.80 fm at different incident energies. It seems that the polarization effects of hot nuclear matter play a key role in describing the abnormally large values of the nuclear potential diffusenesses in the heavy-ion fusion reactions. Additionally, the regular decreasing trend for the diffuseness parameter of the nucleus–nucleus potential with the increase in the bombarding energies is also observed.
An Approach to Gamma-Hadron Separation via Measurements of the Middle-UV Fraction of EAS emission by an Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope with UV-Sensitive SiPM detectors
Authors: Kholupenko Evgeny Evgenievich , Badmaev Danr , Budnev Nikolay , Bykov Andrei Mikhailovich , Krassilchtchikov Alexander , Kuzmichev Leonid Aleksandrovich , Bogdanov Alexander , Chichagov Yuriy , Repman George , Tuboltsev Yuriy 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The operation of a small-size Cherenkov gamma-ray telescope TAIGA-IACT with camera on SiPMs OnSemi MicroFJ-60035 has been modelled by multiparticle Monte Carlo (MC) methods. The model implies that telescope camera is equipped with two specific types of filters of 290 - 590 nm (visible+NUV) and 220 - 320 nm (MUV+UVB)-bands, each covering half of the camera pixels in some uniform order. This allows one to measure the fraction of UV-radiation in total amount of Cherenkov radiation of an extensive air shower (EAS), that can be used for efficient gamma-hadron separation. The corresponding quality factor takes values up to 5.07 in the 10 - 100 TeV range depending on the distance to EAS axis and camera orientation.&#xD;
First SOLPS-ITER modelling of an X-point radiator in ITER
Authors: Poletaeva A. , Rozhansky V. , Kaveeva E. , Korzueva V. , Senichenkov I. , Veselova I. , Pitts R.A. , Bonnin X. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
For the first time, an X-point radiating (XPR) regime using neon (Ne) seed impurity has been obtained in ITER modelling with the SOLPS-ITER code, including fluid drifts. The highly radiating pattern is qualitatively similar to those observed experimentally in ASDEX Upgrade and JET. Comparison of the simulation results with those obtained from modelling of the same regime, with the same approach, in ASDEX Upgrade is used to analyse the difference between the XPR in large and medium-sized machines. Analysis demonstrates that the cold X-point formation is controlled principally by the Ne radiation. The simulation results for the poloidal scale of the intense radiating zone are in good agreement with analytic estimates.
Two-dimensional Diffusion with a Transverse Gravitational Force: Analytical, Numerical and Simulations Results
Authors: Pompa-García Ivan , Metzler Ralf , Dagdug Leonardo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Using the Kalinay and Percus projection method a new effective diffusion coefficient is found. This diffusivity generalizes the well-known results previously reported in the literature. Specifically, it is a coefficient that can be applied to two-dimensional asymmetrical channels under an external gravitational-like potential. Furthermore, Brownian Dynamics simulations are performed, and their agreement with the theoretical results is shown. Also, the Mean First-Passage Time is studied for two-dimensional straight conical channels, where the analytical results are analyzed to understand its applicability range using numerical methods, which are compared with Brownian Dynamics simulations. A remarkable result is also presented: the Mean First-Passage Time assumes a minimum at finite values of the external potential amplitude.
Q-triplet characterization of atmospheric time series at Antofagasta: A missing values problem
Authors: Farfán-Bachiloglu Hishan , Calderón Francisco A. , Pérez Darío G. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Located in northern Chile (23.7°S, 70.4°W), Antofagasta has an exceptionally arid and stable climate characterized by minimal precipitation and consistent weather patterns. Nevertheless, despite these climate conditions being meaningful for several research and practical applications, our understanding of weather dynamics remains limited. The available meteorological data from 1969 to 2016 is analogical, which presents a significant challenge to analyze because these records are riddled with missing values, some measurements were taken at irregular measuring intervals, making it an interesting puzzle to grasp the Antofagasta’s climate scenario. To overcome this issue, we present a comprehensive statistical analysis of atmospheric temperature, pressure, and humidity time series. Our analytical approach involves the q-triplet calculation method, serving as a powerful tool to identify distinctive behavior within systems under non-equilibrium states. Our results suggest that, in general, the q-triplet values satisfy the condition q
sens < 1 < q
stat < q
rel, a pattern that has been observed in previous studies.
Recent progress on carbon footprint assessment of healthcare services
Authors: Jerin Afsana , Mahmud M A Parvez , Ackland M Leigh , Kouzani Abbas Z 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
As a result of the carbon-intensive nature of health care, hospital facilities are contributors to global warming. Health care’s contributions to global warming and greenhouse gas emissions include those associated with carbon emissions, energy consumption, pharmaceuticals, travel-related emissions and procurement. This article presents a review of environmental impact of different medical services. The published research articles focused on estimating the carbon footprint of healthcare services are investigated here. This review also discusses methods used for determining greenhouse gas emissions. Life cycle assessment and component analysis are the two most used methods for calculating emissions. This study also highlights the existing challenges related to estimation of carbon emission of different healthcare services and ways to overcome these challenges associated with carbon emission. The findings reveal substantial variability in carbon footprint estimates depending on region, settings, and usage patterns, with energy consumption identified as the primary source of greenhouse gas emissions. The review also addresses challenges in data availability, the accuracy of estimations, and the exclusion of critical factors like the environmental impact of medical equipment manufacturing. To mitigate healthcare’s carbon footprint, the study underscores the importance of transitioning from fossil fuels to renewable energy, minimizing unnecessary medical procedures, and promoting the use of reusable instruments. These insights are essential for developing more accurate and comprehensive strategies to reduce the carbon footprint of healthcare services globally.
Introduction
Authors: McClure Laura 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The introduction examines post-classical representations of Phryne to show how nineteenth- and early twentieth-century artists refashioned her into an icon for their own age, as a harbinger of alternative sexualities, new representational modes, and diverse Hellenisms. By examining the uses of Phryne in the modern era, the chapter illustrates the challenges implicit in separating fantasy from fact in all of the accounts of the hetaera from antiquity onward. It argues that Phryne’s signature characteristic is her ability to elude definition, to be continually re-imagined and transformed in ways that reflect shifting historical realities and values.
Epilogue
Authors: McClure Laura 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The epilogue reviews the strands of the argument set forth in the previous chapters and then returns to Jean-Léon Gérôme’s painting, Phryne before the Aereopagus. I show how the painter combines the two main strands of Phryne’s narrative, her assimilation to the Cnidian Aphrodite and her trial for impiety, much as in Athenaeus’ original text, but with a view to sexualizing and objectifying the hetaera for nineteenth-century male viewers and the lucrative art market that catered to them. It illustrates how her receptions, from the fourth century BCE to the modern age, continually reinvented Phryne, distorting, mythologizing, and occluding the historical woman, who, despite every effort, still remains beyond our grasp.
TAWFN: a deep learning framework for protein function prediction
Authors: Meng Lu , Wang Xiaoran 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Proteins play pivotal roles in biological systems, and precise prediction of their functions is indispensable for practical applications. Despite the surge in protein sequence data facilitated by high-throughput techniques, unraveling the exact functionalities of proteins still demands considerable time and resources. Currently, numerous methods rely on protein sequences for prediction, while methods targeting protein structures are scarce, often employing convolutional neural networks (CNN) or graph convolutional networks (GCNs) individually.

Results
To address these challenges, our approach starts from protein structures and proposes a method that combines CNN and GCN into a unified framework called the two-model adaptive weight fusion network (TAWFN) for protein function prediction. First, amino acid contact maps and sequences are extracted from the protein structure. Then, the sequence is used to generate one-hot encoded features and deep semantic features. These features, along with the constructed graph, are fed into the adaptive graph convolutional networks (AGCN) module and the multi-layer convolutional neural network (MCNN) module as needed, resulting in preliminary classification outcomes. Finally, the preliminary classification results are inputted into the adaptive weight computation network, where adaptive weights are calculated to fuse the initial predictions from both networks, yielding the final prediction result. To evaluate the effectiveness of our method, experiments were conducted on the PDBset and AFset datasets. For molecular function, biological process, and cellular component tasks, TAWFN achieved area under the precision-recall curve (AUPR) values of 0.718, 0.385, and 0.488 respectively, with corresponding Fmax scores of 0.762, 0.628, and 0.693, and Smin scores of 0.326, 0.483, and 0.454. The experimental results demonstrate that TAWFN exhibits promising performance, outperforming existing methods.

Availability and implementation
The TAWFN source code can be found at: https://github.com/ss0830/TAWFN.
Treatment of neurological pathology and inflammation in Machado–Joseph disease through in vivo self-assembled siRNA
Authors: Li Zhizong , Du Xinghu , Yang Yixuan , Zhang Li , Chen Penglu , Kan Yansheng , Pan Jinmeng , Lin Lishan , Liu Ding , Jiang Xiaohong , Zhang Chen-Yu , Pei Zhong , Chen Xi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Machado–Joseph disease, also known as spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (MJD/SCA3), is a fatal autosomal dominant hereditary ataxia characterized by cerebellar ataxia resulting from the abnormal expansion of CAG repeats in exon 10 of the ATXN3 gene. At present, there is no effective treatment for SCA3. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are emerging as potential therapeutic strategies to target the disease-causing mutant ATXN3 (mATXN3) protein specifically. However, the efficiency of delivery of siRNAs remains a major obstacle for clinical application, particularly in brain disorders.
The aim of this study was to develop a synthetic biology strategy to reprogram the host liver as a tissue chassis to induce and deliver in vivo self-assembled siRNAs to target the ATXN3 gene. A synthetic construct directed by a cytomegalovirus promoter was designed to encode a neuron-targeting rabies virus glycoprotein tag and mATXN3-siRNA. After intravenous injection, the synthetic construct was taken up by mouse livers, which were then reprogrammed to enable the self-assembly, production and secretion of small extracellular vesicles encapsulating mATXN3-siRNA. The small extracellular vesicle-encapsulated mATXN3-siRNA was transported through the endogenous circulating system of small extracellular vesicles, crossing the blood–brain barrier and reaching the cerebellar cortex and spinal cerebellar tract, where they silenced the ATXN3 gene.
Treatment with the synthetic construct for 8 or 12 weeks led to significant improvements in motor balance ability and reduction of cerebellar atrophy in YACMJD84.2 transgenic mice. The number of Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex was significantly increased, and the loss of myelin basic protein was reduced. Moreover, the quantity of neurotoxic nuclear inclusion bodies and the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, which promotes neuroinflammation in activated astrocytes, were decreased significantly.
The synthetic construct facilitated the generation and delivery of in vivo self-assembled siRNA to the cerebellar cortex and spinal cerebellar tract, thereby inhibiting the expression of mATXN3 protein. This treatment successfully addressed motor impairments, alleviated neuropathological phenotypes and mitigated neuroinflammation in YACMJD84.2 transgenic mice. Our strategy effectively overcomes the primary challenges associated with siRNA therapy for cerebellar ataxia, offering a promising avenue for future clinical treatments.
Transdiagnostic depression severity and its relationship to global and prefrontal-amygdala structural properties in people with major depression and post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Li Lei , Jiang Jing , Zhong Shitong , Lin Jinping , Yao Yuhao , Kemp Graham J , Chen Ying , Gong Qiyong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
While some studies have used a transdiagnostic approach to relate depression to metabolic or functional brain alterations, the structural substrate of depression across clinical diagnostic categories is underexplored. In a cross-sectional study of 52 patients with major depressive disorder and 51 with post-traumatic stress disorder, drug-naïve, and spanning mild to severe depression severity, we examined transdiagnostic depressive correlates with regional gray matter volume and the topological properties of gray matter-based networks. Locally, transdiagnostic depression severity correlated positively with gray matter volume in the right middle frontal gyrus and negatively with nodal topological properties of gray matter-based networks in the right amygdala. Globally, transdiagnostic depression severity correlated positively with normalized characteristic path length, a measure implying brain integration ability. Compared with 62 healthy control participants, both major depressive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder patients showed altered nodal properties in regions of the fronto–limbic–striatal circuit, and global topological organization in major depressive disorder in particular was characterized by decreased integration and segregation. These findings provide evidence for a gray matter-based structural substrate underpinning depression, with the prefrontal–amygdala circuit a potential predictive marker for depressive symptoms across clinical diagnostic categories.