bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mobile learning practices and preferences a way forward in enhancing dental education learning experience
Authors: Manakil Jane , George Roy 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Objective: To explore undergraduate dental students′ mobile technological preferences and their use in learning and patient management in dentistry. Materials and Methods: An online survey questionnaire (62 Questions in five parts) was designed to investigate the impact of mobile technology in dental education amongst the Bachelor in Dental Science and Graduate Dental Science (1st-5th year) students, at the School of Dentistry, Griffith University, Australia. Participation was voluntary. Results: In total, 251 dental students consented to participate in the study. The majority of participants were in the age group of 18-25 (65.3%). Mobile devices were used by 93.2% of the respondents for various activities including for educational purposes. Laptops and smartphones′ ownership was almost similar; however, 75.7% favoured laptop as the primary device for resource storage, study, research, and organization of study materials. Social media were used by 52% of the 5th year respondents for studies and course-related activities. Majority of the students (78.8%) indicated that mobile devices with their software applications could positively assist in patient education and management; however, the relative lack of user-friendly quality applications meant that only 15%-25% of students used software applications for these purposes. Conclusion: The large student ownership of mobile devices and increased interest in its use to enhance learning experiences should encourage universities and software developers to funding research into mobile learning.
Oral health knowledge and practice among 9-12-year-old schoolchildren in the region of Madinah, Saudi Arabia, and its impact on the prevalence of dental caries
Authors: Al-Samadani Khalid H. , Ahmad Mohammad Sami , Bakeer Hala Abdelrahman , Elanbya May Osman Gamar 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Background: Dental caries is one of the most common dental disorders affecting from all over the globe. Dental caries affects 60%-90% of schoolchildren in most developed countries, and in several developing countries, the prevalence rates are increasing. Objective: To know oral health knowledge and practice among 9-12-year-old schoolchildren and its relation with dental caries. Methods: This is a questionnaire-based cross-sectional studies conducted from September 20, 2015, to January 27, 2016, selecting four male and four female primary schools. Two calibrated examiners examined the students under the normal light with mirror and probe. Results: A total of 276 (92%) were included in this cross-sectional study. There were 118 (43%) were males and 158 (57%) were females with mean age of 10.61 years and having mean Decayed, Missing, and Filled Tooth/decayed, missing, and filled tooth (DMFT/dmft) 1.47/1.78 in male and 1.69/5.34 in female. Three-quarters of the sample (75%) reported to cleaning their teeth at least once per day, and >95% reported using a toothbrush and toothpaste. The mean DMFT/dmft and D/d scores of female were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of the males. The mean dmft and all the components decreased with age, and there was a significant association (P < 0.01) between oral health knowledge and the caries status. Children with a higher DMFT/dmft score tended to have poor oral health knowledge compared to those with low DMFT/dmft scores. Conclusion: Poor oral health knowledge contributes major role in the prevalence of dental caries in both male and female. In female higher DMFT/dmft was observed in spite of having good oral health knowledge.
Quasi-Static Linear Thermo-Viscoelastic Process with Irregular Viscous Dissipation
Authors: Messelmi Farid , Merouani Abdelbaki , Abdelaziz Hicham 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe consider a mathematical model which describes the quasi-static evolution of a thermo-viscoelastic linear body with taking into account the effects of internal forces which generate a non linear viscous dissipative function. We derive a variational formulation of the system of equilibrium equation and energy equation. An existence result of weak solutions was obtained in an appropriate function space.
Finite Element Solution for MHD Flow of Nanofluids with Heat and Mass Transfer through a Porous Media with Thermal Radiation, Viscous Dissipation and Chemical Reaction Effects
Authors: Hussain Shafqat 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this paper, the problem of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) boundary layer flow of nanofluid with heat and mass transfer through a porous media in the presence of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and chemical reaction is studied. Three types of nanofluids, namely Copper (Cu)-water, Alumina (Al2O3)-water and Titanium Oxide (TiO2)-water are considered. The governing set of partial differential equations of the problem is reduced into the coupled nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by means of similarity transformations. Finite element solution of the resulting system of nonlinear differential equations is obtained using continuous Galerkin-Petrov discretization together with the well-known shooting technique. The obtained results are validated using MATLAB “bvp4c” function and with the existing results in the literature. Numerical results for the dimensionless velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are obtained and the impact of various physical parameters such as the magnetic parameterM, solid volume fraction of nanoparticles 𝜙 and type of nanofluid on the flow is discussed. The results obtained in this study confirm the idea that the finite element method (FEM) is a powerful mathematical technique which can be applied to a large class of linear and nonlinear problems arising in different fields of science and engineering.
Hamiltonian Boundary Value Method for the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation and the Korteweg-de Vries Equation
Authors: Song Mingzhan , Qian Xu , Zhang Hong , Song Songhe 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce the Hamiltonian boundary value method (HBVM) to solve nonlinear Hamiltonian PDEs. We use the idea of Fourier pseudospectral method in spatial direction, which leads to the finite-dimensional Hamiltonian system. The HBVM, which can preserve the Hamiltonian effectively, is applied in time direction. Then the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation and the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation are taken as examples to show the validity of the proposed method. Numerical results confirm that the proposed method can simulate the propagation and collision of different solitons well. Meanwhile the corresponding errors in Hamiltonian and other intrinsic invariants are presented to show the good preservation property of the proposed method during long-time numerical calculation.
A Hybrid Dynamic Mesh Generation Method for Multi-Block Structured Grid
Authors: Chen Hao , Lu Zhiliang , Guo Tongqing 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this paper, a hybrid dynamic mesh generation method for multi-block structured grid is presented based on inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation and transfinite interpolation (TFI). The major advantage of the algorithm is that it maintains the effectiveness of TFI, while possessing the ability to deal with multi-block structured grid from the IDW method. In this approach, dynamic mesh generation is made in two steps. At first, all domain vertexes with known deformation are selected as sample points and IDW interpolation is applied to get the grid deformation on domain edges. Then, an arc-length-based TFI is employed to efficiently calculate the grid deformation on block faces and inside each block. The present approach can be well applied to both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) problems. The proposed method has been well-validated by several test cases. Numerical results show that dynamic meshes with high quality can be generated in an accurate and efficient manner.
Effect of Nonuniform Grids on High-Order Finite Difference Method
Authors: Xu Dan , Deng Xiaogang , Chen Yaming , Wang Guangxue , Dong Yidao 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe finite difference (FD) method is popular in the computational fluid dynamics and widely used in various flow simulations. Most of the FD schemes are developed on the uniform Cartesian grids; however, the use of nonuniform or curvilinear grids is inevitable for adapting to the complex configurations and the coordinate transformation is usually adopted. Therefore the question that whether the characteristics of the numerical schemes evaluated on the uniform grids can be preserved on the nonuniform grids arises, which is seldom discussed. Based on the one-dimensional wave equation, this paper systematically studies the characteristics of the high-order FD schemes on nonuniform grids, including the order of accuracy, resolution characteristics and the numerical stability. Especially, the Fourier analysis involving the metrics is presented for the first time and the relation between the resolution of numerical schemes and the stretching ratio of grids is discussed. Analysis shows that for smooth varying grids, these characteristics can be generally preserved after the coordinate transformation. Numerical tests also validate our conclusions.
Incidencia y Características del Trauma Raquimedular en un Hospital de III Nivel, Bogotá 2011–2014
Authors: Teherán Aníbal Alfonso , Castro Oscar Javier , Frade Leonardo Laverde 
Published: January 2017

RESUMEN

Objetivo
La incidencia de Trauma Raquimedular (TRM) para Latinoamérica es estimada a partir de registros epidemiológicos de Brasil, por lo que decidimos medir la incidencia, distribución y características relacionadas con el TRM en una institución referente de III nivel.

Materiales y métodos
Se realizó un estudio descriptivoretrospectivo de pacientes atendidos durante 5 años en un Hospital de III nivel. Se estimó la incidencia mensual/anual de TRM (Io-TRM, IC95%), se caracterizaron por variables sociodemográficas y clínicas, entre ellas: Condiciones al ingreso, clasificación de la lesión (AO, ASIA) y seguimiento funcional a 6 meses. Se realizó un análisis multivariado (ACM), para identificar variables relacionadas con mejoría funcional a los 6 meses.

Resultados
Se identificaron 174 casos, edad mediana 45 años, hombres 75,3%; 70% se accidentó durante su actividad laboral, ninguno con un seguro de accidentes laborales. La Io-TRM del periodo fue 1,34 casos/100 personas-año (IC95%;1,51–1,55). La estancia hospitalaria mediana fue 12 días, con diferencias al estratificar por la clasificación AO, ASIA-ingreso, tipo de manejo (médico/quirúrgico) y manejo en UCI (p: 0,000). La caída de altura y los accidente de tránsito, fueron la causa principal (88,5%;IC95%, 83,5–93,5%); los traumas lumbares/torácicos se presentaron en 75,3% de los casos; el ASIA-ingreso fue D o E en 75% de los pacientes. Se identificó relación entre la mejoría a 6 meses y las categorías D y C, según las clasificaciones ASIA y AO, respectivamente.

Conclusión
La Io-TRM del HUS fue relativamente mayor que la de otras series locales, la EH se relacionó con el tipo/lugar de tratamiento y severidad de la lesión, esta última determinó la mejoría a los 6 meses.

Importancia clínica
Se requiere crear un sistema de vigilancia, ajustado a modelos internacionales para medir el impacto real de esta patología.

How to cite this article
Teherán AA, Castro OJ, Frade LL. Incidencia y Características del Trauma Raquimedular en un Hospital de III Nivel, Bogotá 2011–2014. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2016;5(3):140-147.
A Bread Bag Clip causing Small Bowel Perforation diagnosed on Computed Tomography
Authors: Coventry Charles , Bautz Peter 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Foreign body ingestion is common, and few result in complications. Plastic bread bag clips are an exception, however, and have been associated with small bowel perforation, upper gastrointestinal bleeding and even fatalities.
An 85 year-old woman presented with abdominal pain. She was found to have tenderness on abdominal palpation. She underwent an abdominal CT scan, which demonstrated a plastic bread bag clip as the cause of a contained small bowel perforation. A midline laparotomy and small bowel resection with primary anastomosis was performed.
Plastic bread bag clips are a rare cause of small bowel perforation. Elderly patients with dentures are at particular risk of ingesting such clips. This case report describes a rare situation where a clip is identified on preoperative imaging as the cause of a contained small bowel perforation.

How to cite this article
Coventry C, Bautz P. A Bread Bag Clip causing Small Bowel Perforation diagnosed on Computed Tomography. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2016;5(3):169-171.
Time series analysis of ground-based microwave measurements at K- and V-bands to detect temporal changes in water vapor and temperature profiles
Authors: Panda Sibananda , Sahoo Swaroop , Pandithurai Govindan 
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Ground-based microwave measurements performed at water vapor and oxygen absorption line frequencies are widely used for remote sensing of tropospheric water vapor density and temperature profiles, respectively. Recent work has shown that Bayesian optimal estimation can be used for improving accuracy of radiometer retrieved water vapor and temperature profiles. This paper focuses on using Bayesian optimal estimation along with time series of independent frequency measurements at K- and V-bands. The measurements are used along with statistically significant but short background data sets to retrieve and sense temporal variations and gradients in water vapor and temperature profiles. To study this capability, the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) deployed a microwave radiometer at Mahabubnagar, Telangana, during August 2011 as part of the Integrated Ground Campaign during the Cloud Aerosol Interaction and Precipitation Enhancement Experiment (CAIPEEX-IGOC). In this study, temperature profiles for the first time have been estimated using short but statistically significant background information so as to improve the accuracy of the retrieved profiles as well as to be able to detect gradients. Estimated water vapor and temperature profiles are compared with those taken from the reanalysis data updated by the Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), to determine the range of possible errors. Similarly, root mean square errors are evaluated for a month for water vapor and temperature profiles to estimate the accuracy of the retrievals. It is found that water vapor and temperature profiles can be estimated with an acceptable accuracy by using a background information data set compiled over a period of 1 month.
Waqf Corporate Role to Enhance the Social Entrepreneurship in the Egyptian Community: Problems and Remedies
Authors: El Awagy Omran Aly 
Published: January 2017

For decades, Egypt -as many developing counties- suffers from various social issues as poverty, illiteracy and the decline of public service provision as healthcare, education, potable water and sewage. In spite of all the consecutive government efforts to confront such social dilemmas, the constituents of different locality in Egypt still feel the discrepancy and decay of quality for many social services proposed by the government.In fact, many challenges are hindering the government strategic path to overcome such social issues as the scarcity of financial and physical resources, deplorable bureaucracy crippled by red tapes, lack of competent human resources, escalated number of population and embedded corruption. Thereby, the people whined from social injustice due to the government failure in realizing a just national wealth distribution. Hence, social entrepreneurship emerged -from the twentieth century endings- as an alternate option to resolve inadequate government performance and to improve the quality and the delivery of social services. Whereby, this can be realized by mobilizing personal properties to be allocated to public affairs in the context of people cooperation and voluntary participation values. Such process of social entrepreneurship had to take place within an entity/corporation -as non-governmental organizations NGOs- (social entrepreneur) able to manage its activities effectively realizing an adequate model of actions within the organization (intrapreneurship/internal entrepreneurship). This paper, therefore, explores, discusses and analyzes the role of waqf corporate as a good example for social entrepreneurs who have played a significant role of providing opportunities in sharing the government’s fiscal needs and improving the communities and nation welfare throughout history in many countries. Waqf corporate has a potential to become one of the effective tools regarding the socioeconomic realm in the Egyptian community; whereby it can benefit the community in term of education, health care, national security, social justice, transportation facilities, basic infrastructure, foods and job opportunities. Keywords: Corporate waqf, Social entrepreneurship, Intrapreneurship, Egyptian community.
History and Challenges of U.S. Immigration Policymaking
Authors: Haensel Kira , Garcia-Zamor Jean-Claude 
Published: January 2017

This article reviews the history of immigration policy in the U.S. and discusses different domestic measures that benefited the country’s economy. It examines the current controversy created by the presence of large number of illegal immigrants. It provides a brief overview of the development of U.S. immigration policy, pointing out events that led to a change in the said policies and to the restrictive measures adopted. It addresses the question of how the borders can be controlled and looks at previously implemented strategies and their outcomes as well as their sometimes unforeseen consequences. The article furthermore addresses the question of what effects immigration has on the U.S. and who profits from it. Finally, in this article, the battle over immigration policy in congress is discussed. The point made is that the reason for the slow progress in immigration policy is the lack of consensus in congress for a coherent immigration policy.
USING DIAMETER VARIATION INDEX OF PIONEER SPECIES FOR CLASSIFICATION AND MODELING TROPICAL FOREST YIELD
Authors: Nascimento Rodrigo Geroni Mendes , Machado Sebastião Do Amaral , Figueiredo Filho Afonso , Higuchi Niro 
Published: January 2017

This study sought to classify the productivity of a representative area of tropical forest, as well as to analyze the relationship between the structural variability of pioneer species and the yield of three management regimes. The study area is located at the Tropical Forestry Experimental Station belonging to INPA (National Institute for Amazon Research), approximately 90 km from downtown Manaus, in the State of Amazonas, Brazil. Data were collected from twelve 1 ha sample plots. Diameter was measured annually for all individuals with DBH 10 cm between the years 1990 and 2008. Pioneer species served as the basis for calculating the Diameter Variability Index VI% over time. Three classes of variability were established according to the guide curve technique used for site classification by the dominant height. Biological and probabilistic functions were used to model VI% as a function of time of exploitation, as well as the volumetric yield over time as a function of VI%. There is an inverse relationship between VI% and yield, which allows classification of site yield and conception of global yield models to which present good statistics of precision and adjustment, allowing the prediction of productivity and their dynamics throughout the time.
Quality of Dementia Care in the Community: Identifying Key Quality Assurance Components
Authors: Heckman George A. , Boscart Veronique M. , Franco Bryan B. , Hillier Loretta , Crutchlow Lauren , Lee Linda , Molnar Frank , Seitz Dallas , Stolee Paul 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundPrimary care-based memory clinics (PCMCs) have been established in several jurisdictions to improve the care for persons with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. We sought to identify key quality indicators (QIs), quality improvement mechanisms, and potential barriers and facilitators to the establishment of a quality assurance framework for PCMCs.MethodsWe employed a Delphi approach to obtain consensus from PCMC clinicians and specialist physicians on QIs and quality improvement mechanisms. Thirty-eight candidate QIs and 19 potential quality improvement mechanisms were presented to participants in two rounds of electronic Delphi surveys. Written comments were collected and descriptively analyzed.ResultsThe response rate for the first and second rounds were 21.3% (n = 179) and 12.8% (n = 88), respectively. The majority of respondents were physicians. Fourteen QIs remained after the consensus process. Ten quality improvement mechanisms were selected with those characterized by specialist integration, such as case discussions and mentorships, being ranked highly. Written comments revealed three major themes related to potential barriers and facilitators to quality assurance: 1) perceived importance, 2) collaboration and role clarity, and 3) implementation process.ConclusionWe successfully utilized a consultative process among primary and specialty providers to identify core QIs and quality improvement mechanisms for PCMCs. Identified quality improvement mechanisms highlight desire for multi-modal education. System integration and closer integration between PCMCs and specialists were emphasized as essential for the provision of high-quality dementia care in community settings.
Le rôle médiateur de l’engagement au travail dans la relation entre la justice organisationnelle et les comportements de citoyenneté : le cas de la police française
Authors: Molines Mathieu , Fall Amar 
Published: January 2017

Les questions de justice et d’équité demeurent une préoccupation majeure pour les salariés. Or, les formes de justice organisationnelle ont des effets différenciés sur les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. Dans cet article, nous nous sommes intéressés au rôle médiateur de l’engagement au travail. En nous appuyant sur le modèle des exigences et des ressources de l’emploi (Demerouti et al., 2001), nous proposons un modèle intégrateur qui soutient que la justice organisationnelle perçue joue le rôle de ressource de l’emploi et favorisera l’engagement au travail qui, à son tour, va encourager les comportements de citoyenneté. Nous supposons ainsi que les différentes formes de justice ont des propriétés motivantes qui conduisent à un haut niveau d’engagement au travail et, en conséquence, un niveau de performance extra rôle élevé. Notre étude permet de mettre en lumière le processus motivationnel, au travers de l’engagement au travail, entre les différentes formes de justice perçues et les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle.
Cette recherche porte sur le contexte spécifique de la police française qui, avec la mise en place de nouveaux outils de management, se heurte à une problématique inédite d’équité, et non plus d’égalité. C’est à notre connaissance, la première étude, en France, à examiner les problématiques de justice dans le contexte de la police française. Les résultats, provenant d’un échantillon de 718 fonctionnaires de police, indiquent que le dévouement des policiers est la dimension de l’engagement au travail qui explique le mieux les effets des dimensions de la justice organisationnelle, telle que perçue par eux, sur leurs comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. Les implications en termes de pratiques RH dans la police sont ensuite discutées.