bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Output Measurements Based on the Pulse Wave Transit Time and Thoracic Impedance Exhibit Limited Agreement With Thermodilution Method During Orthotopic Liver Transplantation
Authors: Magliocca Aurora , Rezoagli Emanuele , Anderson Thomas Anthony , Burns Sara Maria , Ichinose Fumito , Chitilian Hovig Vatche 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND:
Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is characterized by significant intraoperative hemodynamic variability. Accurate and real-time cardiac output (CO) monitoring aids clinical decision making during OLT. The purpose of this study is to compare accuracy, precision, and trending ability of CO estimation obtained noninvasively using pulse wave transit time (estimated continuous cardiac output [esCCO; Nihon Kohden, Tokyo, Japan]) or thoracic bioimpedance (ICON; Osypka Medical GmbH, Berlin, Germany) to thermodilution cardiac output (TDCO) measured with a pulmonary artery catheter.

METHODS:
Nineteen patients undergoing OLT were enrolled. CO measurements were collected with esCCO, ICON, and thermodilution at 5 time points: (T1) pulmonary artery catheter insertion; (T2) surgical incision; (T3) portal reperfusion; (T4) hepatic arterial reperfusion; and (T5) abdominal closure. The results were analyzed with Bland-Altman plot, percentage error (the percentage of the difference between the CO estimated with the noninvasive monitoring device and CO measured with the thermodilution technique), 4-quadrant plot with concordance rate (the percentage of the total number of points in the I and III quadrant of the 4-quadrant plot), and concordance correlation coefficient (a measure of how well the pairs of observations deviate from the 45-degree line of perfect agreement).

RESULTS:
Although TDCO increased at T3-T5, both esCCO and ICON failed to track the changes of CO with sufficient accuracy and precision. The mean bias of esCCO and ICON compared to TDCO were −2.0 L/min (SD, ±2.7 L/min) and −3.3 L/min (SD, ±2.8 L/min), respectively. The percentage error was 69% for esCCO and 77% for ICON. The concordance correlation coefficient was 0.653 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.283–0.853) for esCCO and 0.310 (95% CI, −0.167 to 0.669) for ICON. Nonetheless, esCCO and ICON exhibited reasonable trending ability of TDCO (concordance rate: 95% [95% CI, 88–100] and 100% [95% CI, 93–100]), respectively. The mean bias was correlated with systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and arterial elastance (Ea) for esCCO (SVR, r = 0.610, 95% CI, 0.216–0.833, P < .0001; Ea, r = 0.692, 95% CI, 0.347–0.872; P < .0001) and ICON (SVR, r = 0.573, 95% CI, 0.161–0.815, P < .0001; Ea, r = 0.612, 95% CI, 0.219–0.834, P < .0001).

CONCLUSIONS:
The noninvasive CO estimation with esCCO and ICON exhibited limited accuracy and precision, despite with reasonable trending ability, when compared to TDCO, during OLT. The inaccuracy of esCCO and ICON is especially large when SVR and Ea were decreased during the neohepatic phase. Further refinement of the technology is desirable before noninvasive techniques can replace TDCO during OLT.
Reconstitution of the oocyte nucleolus in mice through a single nucleolar protein, NPM2
Authors: Ogushi Sugako , Yamagata Kazuo , Obuse Chikashi , Furuta Keiko , Wakayama Teruhiko , Matzuk Martin M. , Saitou Mitinori 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
The mammalian oocyte nucleolus, the most prominent subcellular organelle in the oocyte, is vital in early development, yet its key functions and constituents remain unclear. We show here that the parthenotes/zygotes derived from enucleolated oocytes exhibited abnormal heterochromatin formation around parental pericentromeric DNAs, which led to a significant mitotic delay and frequent chromosome mis-segregation upon the first mitotic division. A proteomic analysis identified nucleoplasmin 2 (NPM2) as a dominant component of the oocyte nucleolus. Consistently, Npm2-deficient oocytes, which lack a normal nucleolar structure, showed chromosome segregation defects similar to those in enucleolated oocytes, suggesting that nucleolar loss, rather than micromanipulation-related damage to the genome, leads to a disorganization of higher-order chromatin structure in pronuclei and frequent chromosome mis-segregation during the first mitosis. Strikingly, expression of NPM2 alone sufficed to reconstitute the nucleolar structure in enucleolated embryos, and rescued their first mitotic division and full-term development. The nucleolus rescue through NPM2 required the pentamer formation and both the N- and C-terminal domains. Our findings demonstrate that the NPM2-based oocyte nucleolus is an essential platform for parental chromatin organization in early embryonic development.
Loss of β-PIX inhibits focal adhesion disassembly and promotes keratinocyte motility via myosin light chain activation
Authors: Hiroyasu Sho , Stimac Gregory P. , Hopkinson Susan B. , Jones Jonathan C. R. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
During healing of the skin, the cytoskeleton of keratinocytes and their matrix adhesions, including focal adhesions (FAs), undergo reorganization. These changes are coordinated by small GTPases and their regulators, including the guanine nucleotide exchange factor β-PIX (also known as ARHGEF7). In fibroblasts, β-PIX activates small GTPases, thereby enhancing migration. In keratinocytes in vitro, β-PIX localizes to FAs. To study β-PIX functions, we generated β-PIX knockdown keratinocytes. During wound closure of β-PIX knockdown cell monolayers, disassembly of FAs is impaired, and their number and size are increased. In addition, in the β-PIX knockdown cells, phosphorylated myosin light chain (MLC; also known as MYL2) is present not only in the leading edge of cells at the wound front, but also in the cells following the front, while p21-activated kinase 2 (PAK2), a regulator of MLC kinase (MYLK), is mislocalized. Inhibition or depletion of MYLK restores FA distribution in β-PIX knockdown cells. Traction forces generated by β-PIX knockdown cells are increased relative to those in control cells, a result consistent with an unexpected enhancement in the migration of single β-PIX knockdown cells and monolayers of such cells. We propose that targeting β-PIX might be a means of promoting epithelialization of wounds in vivo.
Importin-β and CRM1 control a RANBP2 spatiotemporal switch essential for mitotic kinetochore function
Authors: Gilistro Eugenia , de Turris Valeria , Damizia Michela , Verrico Annalisa , Moroni Sara , De Santis Riccardo , Rosa Alessandro , Lavia Patrizia 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Protein conjugation with small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) is a post-translational modification that modulates protein interactions and localisation. RANBP2 is a large nucleoporin endowed with SUMO E3 ligase and SUMO-stabilising activity, and is implicated in some cancer types. RANBP2 is part of a larger complex, consisting of SUMO-modified RANGAP1, the GTP-hydrolysis activating factor for the GTPase RAN. During mitosis, the RANBP2–SUMO-RANGAP1 complex localises to the mitotic spindle and to kinetochores after microtubule attachment. Here, we address the mechanisms that regulate this localisation and how they affect kinetochore functions. Using proximity ligation assays, we find that nuclear transport receptors importin-β and CRM1 play essential roles in localising the RANBP2–SUMO-RANGAP1 complex away from, or at kinetochores, respectively. Using newly generated inducible cell lines, we show that overexpression of nuclear transport receptors affects the timing of RANBP2 localisation in opposite ways. Concomitantly, kinetochore functions are also affected, including the accumulation of SUMO-conjugated topoisomerase-IIα and stability of kinetochore fibres. These results delineate a novel mechanism through which nuclear transport receptors govern the functional state of kinetochores by regulating the timely deposition of RANBP2.
Limited distal organelles and synaptic function in extensive monoaminergic innervation
Authors: Tao Juan , Bulgari Dinara , Deitcher David L. , Levitan Edwin S. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Organelles such as neuropeptide-containing dense-core vesicles (DCVs) and mitochondria travel down axons to supply synaptic boutons. DCV distribution among en passant boutons in small axonal arbors is mediated by circulation with bidirectional capture. However, it is not known how organelles are distributed in extensive arbors associated with mammalian dopamine neuron vulnerability, and with volume transmission and neuromodulation by monoamines and neuropeptides. Therefore, we studied presynaptic organelle distribution in Drosophila octopamine neurons that innervate ∼20 muscles with ∼1500 boutons. Unlike in smaller arbors, distal boutons in these arbors contain fewer DCVs and mitochondria, although active zones are present. Absence of vesicle circulation is evident by proximal nascent DCV delivery, limited impact of retrograde transport and older distal DCVs. Traffic studies show that DCV axonal transport and synaptic capture are not scaled for extensive innervation, thus limiting distal delivery. Activity-induced synaptic endocytosis and synaptic neuropeptide release are also reduced distally. We propose that limits in organelle transport and synaptic capture compromise distal synapse maintenance and function in extensive axonal arbors, thereby affecting development, plasticity and vulnerability to neurodegenerative disease.
Disruption of Rab8a and Rab11a causes formation of basolateral microvilli in neonatal enteropathy
Authors: Feng Qiang , Bonder Edward M. , Engevik Amy C. , Zhang Lanjing , Tyska Matthew J. , Goldenring James R. , Gao Nan 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Misplaced formation of microvilli to basolateral domains and intracellular inclusions in enterocytes are pathognomonic features in congenital enteropathy associated with mutation of the apical plasma membrane receptor syntaxin 3 (STX3). Although the demonstrated binding of Myo5b to the Rab8a and Rab11a small GTPases in vitro implicates cytoskeleton-dependent membrane sorting, the mechanisms underlying the microvillar location defect remain unclear. By selective or combinatory disruption of Rab8a and Rab11a membrane traffic in vivo, we demonstrate that transport of distinct cargo to the apical brush border rely on either individual or both Rab regulators, whereas certain basolateral cargos are redundantly transported by both factors. Enterocyte-specific Rab8a and Rab11a double-knockout mouse neonates showed immediate postnatal lethality and more severe enteropathy than single knockouts, with extensive formation of microvilli along basolateral surfaces. Notably, following an inducible Rab11a deletion from neonatal enterocytes, basolateral microvilli were induced within 3 days. These data identify a potentially important and distinct mechanism for a characteristic microvillus defect exhibited by enterocytes of patients with neonatal enteropathy.
Novel Black Organic Phase for Ultra Selective Retention by Surface Modification of Porous Silica
Authors: Noguchi Hiroki , Liu Tianhang , Nozato Shoji , Kuwahara Yutaka , Takafuji Makoto , Nagaoka Shoji , Ihara Hirotaka 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This paper demonstrates that novel composites of porous silica with carbon-like black materials are different from conventional carbon black. The obtained black composites maintained high porosity of the base silica and exhibited extremely high molecular shape selectivity, especially for geometrical isomers.
Role of Cubic Siloxane Cages in Mesostructure Formation and Photoisomerization of Azobenzene–Siloxane Hybrid
Authors: Guo Sufang , Sasaki Jun , Tsujiuchi Shiho , Hara Shintaro , Wada Hiroaki , Kuroda Kazuyuki , Shimojima Atsushi 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
A mesostructured siloxane-based hybrid film is formed by the self-assembly of cubic, double-four-ring (D4R) siloxanes mono-functionalized with azobenzene. The azobenzene groups in the film exhibit reversible and a high degree of trans–cis isomerization upon UV–vis irradiation. The bulky D4R cages play an important role in both the formation of cylindrical assemblies and the improvement of the photoisomerization behavior as compared with conventional azobenzene–siloxane hybrid materials.
Two New Mycosporine-like Amino Acids LC-343 and Mycosporine-ethanolamine from the Micronesian Marine Sponge Lendenfeldia chondrodes
Authors: Oda Yuta , Zhang Quang , Matsunaga Satoko , Fujita Masaki J , Sakai Ryuichi 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
New mycosporine-like amino acids (MAA) LC-343 (1) and mycosporine-ethanolamine (2) along with known MAAs asterina-330 (3) and shinorine (4) were isolated from the Micronesian marine sponge Lendenfeldia chondrodes. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined on the basis of their spectroscopic and spectrometric data as well as chemical degradation. LC-343 (1) is the first MAA possessing N-methylated iminium substructure. Absorption maximum (λmax) for each 2, 3, 4, and 1 was 310, 330, 332, and 343, respectively.
Treadmill training with additional body load: Effects on the gait of people with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Filippin Nadiesca , da Costa Paula Hentschel Lobo , Mattioli Rosana 
Published: June 2017

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of treadmill walking training with additional body load on the gait of people with moderate Parkinson's disease. Methods: Nine people with Parkinson's disease (Hoehn and Yahr Scale 2–3) and gait disturbance participated in this study. This study was an A1–B–A2 single-case. Phases A1 and A2 included 6 weeks of gait training on a treadmill with a 10% increase of normal body mass. Phase B included 6 weeks of conventional physical therapy (control condition). Measurements included ground reaction forces, spatiotemporal and kinematic variables during walking on the ground at baseline and after each phase. Findings: A significant increase in propulsive forces, stride length, speed, and maximum hip extension during stance were observed after the training programme. No changes in joint range of motion of ankle, knee, and hip were observed. Conclusions: Treadmill training with additional body load was associated with an improvement in important variables for the maintenance of a functional gait, and it is a promising alternative to optimise the rehabilitation process together with conventional physical therapy. However, further studies are needed.
Contraception for teenagers: accessible sexual health advice
Authors: Kelsey Sally 
Published: June 2017

With changes to trends in sexual activity in people aged 16 and under, primary care nurses have a duty to provide appropriate contraceptive advice. Sally Kelsey discusses the practical and ethical considerations of the subject Young people are beginning sexual activity at an increasingly young age with many having their first sexual experience before the age of 16. It is important to provide contraception and sexual health services which young people find safe and accessible. Although no method of contraception is contraindicated on grounds of age alone, specific factors may influence acceptability, choice and continuation of method. Young people can be at risk of sexual exploitation and violence and practitioners should be confident in assessing young people for signs of this. Confidentiality is an important issue and should be always be maintained, unless there is reason to believe the young person is at risk of significant harm.
Validation of static and dynamic radiostereometric analysis of the knee joint using bone models from CT data
Authors: Stentz-Olesen K. , Nielsen E. T. , De Raedt S. , Jørgensen P. B. , Sørensen O. G. , Kaptein B. L. , Andersen M. S. , Stilling M. 
Published: June 2017

Objectives Static radiostereometric analysis (RSA) using implanted markers is considered the most accurate system for the evaluation of prosthesis migration. By using CT bone models instead of markers, combined with a dynamic RSA system, a non-invasive measurement of joint movement is enabled. This method is more accurate than current 3D skin marker-based tracking systems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the CT model method for measuring knee joint kinematics in static and dynamic RSA using the marker method as the benchmark. Methods Bone models were created from CT scans, and tantalum beads were implanted into the tibia and femur of eight human cadaver knees. Each specimen was secured in a fixture, static and dynamic stereoradiographs were recorded, and the bone models and marker models were fitted to the stereoradiographs. Results Results showed a mean difference between the two methods in all six degrees of freedom for static RSA to be within -0.10 mm/° and 0.08 mm/° with a 95% limit of agreement (LoA) ranging from ± 0.49 to 1.26. Dynamic RSA had a slightly larger range in mean difference of -0.23 mm/° to 0.16 mm/° with LoA ranging from ± 0.75 to 1.50. Conclusions In a laboratory-controlled setting, the CT model method combined with dynamic RSA may be an alternative to previous marker-based methods for kinematic analyses. Cite this article: K. Stentz-Olesen, E. T. Nielsen, S. De Raedt, P. B. Jørgensen, O. G. Sørensen, B. L. Kaptein, M. S. Andersen, M. Stilling. Validation of static and dynamic radiostereometric analysis of the knee joint using bone models from CT data. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:376–384. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.66.BJR-2016-0113.R3.
In vivo and clinical application of strontium-enriched biomaterials for bone regeneration
Authors: Neves N. , Linhares D. , Costa G. , Ribeiro C. C. , Barbosa M. A. 
Published: June 2017

Objectives This systematic review aimed to assess the in vivo and clinical effect of strontium (Sr)-enriched biomaterials in bone formation and/or remodelling. Methods A systematic search was performed in Pubmed, followed by a two-step selection process. We included in vivo original studies on Sr-containing biomaterials used for bone support or regeneration, comparing at least two groups that only differ in Sr addition in the experimental group. Results A total of 572 references were retrieved and 27 were included. Animal models were used in 26 articles, and one article described a human study. Osteoporotic models were included in 11 papers. All articles showed similar or increased effect of Sr in bone formation and/or regeneration, in both healthy and osteoporotic models. No study found a decreased effect. Adverse effects were assessed in 17 articles, 13 on local and four on systemic adverse effects. From these, only one reported a systemic impact from Sr addition. Data on gene and/or protein expression were available from seven studies. Conclusions This review showed the safety and effectiveness of Sr-enriched biomaterials for stimulating bone formation and remodelling in animal models. The effect seems to increase over time and is impacted by the concentration used. However, included studies present a wide range of study methods. Future work should focus on consistent models and guidelines when developing a future clinical application of this element. Cite this article: N. Neves, D. Linhares, G. Costa, C. C. Ribeiro, M. A. Barbosa. In vivo and clinical application of strontium-enriched biomaterials for bone regeneration: A systematic review. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:366–375. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.66.BJR-2016-0311.R1.
The EU and international dispute settlement
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Dr Jur, Dr Jur hc, Dr PolSc hc; Judge at the European Court of Justice (since 2002); Senior Fellow of the University of Turku; Fellow of the Robert Schuman Institute for European Affairs, University of Luxembourg; Visiting Professor, College of Europe and University of Helsinki. Email: Allan.Rosas@curia.europa.eu. The author wishes to thank Mr Samuel Buyoya, LLB (Hons), LLM (Bruges), barrister, former trainee in his Chambers, for his much appreciated assistance.
Authors: Rosas Allan 
Published: June 2017

This article focuses on recent developments with regard to the mechanisms for international dispute settlement which the EU has accepted or in some instances promoted, or which in any case are of direct relevance for the EU. As a preliminary question, the case law of the European Court of Justice concerning the compatibility of international dispute settlement mechanisms will be analysed. The article then provides an overview of such mechanisms included in multilateral and bilateral agreements concluded by the EU, with a particular emphasis on recent bilateral trade and cooperation agreements. The last parts of the article look at specific institutional problems such as the question of the representation of the EU before international dispute settlement mechanisms, and the special challenges posed by investment disputes and, in this context, investor-to-state dispute settlement (ISDS), including ISDS mechanisms in bilateral investment agreements concluded between the EU Member States.
Enhancing properties of polyvinyl alcohol film using sorghum starch nanocrystals – A cost effective filler from natural source
Authors: Kumar S. Vasantha , Sajeevkumar V. A. , George Johnsy , Kumar Sunny 
Published: June 2017

<p>Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) nanocomposite films with Sorghum Starch Nanocrystals (SSN) were prepared by incorporating various concentrations of SSN in PVA. SSN was isolated using acid hydrolysis of sorghum starch. The morphological studies of SSN using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) revealed that the particle size varied from 65 to 68 nm. The mechanical properties of PVA-SSN nanocomposite films indicated an improvement in tensile strength and percentage elongation at break when compared to that of PVA films. This can be attributed to the stronger interaction of PVA with SSN due to hydrogen bonding. Besides this, PVA-SSN nanocomposite films also exhibited good thermal properties. Thus, the use of SSN (a cost effective filler from natural source) imparted superior properties to the PVA nanocomposite films, which will be beneficial for applications such as food packaging. </p>
The non-solvable doubly transitive dimensional dual hyperovals
Authors: Dempwolff Ulrich 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn [9] S. Yoshiara determines possible automorphism group of doubly transitive dimensional dual hyperovals. He shows that a doubly transitive dual hyperovalDis either isomorphic to the Mathieu dual hyperoval or the dual hyperoval is defined over 𝔽2, and if the hyperoval has rankn, the automorphism group has the formE⋅S, with an elementary abelian groupEof order 2nandSa subgroup of GL(n,2) acting transitively on the nontrivial elements ofE. Moreover Yoshiara describes the possible candidates forS. In this paper we assume thatSis non-solvable and show that then the dimensional dual hyperoval is a bilinear quotient of a Hyubrechts dual hyperoval.
Optimal inequalities for the normalizedδ-Casorati curvatures of submanifolds in Kenmotsu space forms
Authors: Lee Chul Woo , Lee Jae Won , Vîlcu Gabriel-Eduard 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we establish two sharp inequalities for the normalizedδ-Casorati curvatures of submanifolds in a Kenmotsu space form, tangent to the structure vector field of the ambient space.Moreover, we show that in both cases the equality at all points characterizes the totally geodesic submanifolds.
Successive radii and ball operators in generalized Minkowski spaces
Authors: Jahn Thomas 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We introduce successive radii in generalized Minkowski spaces (that is, with respect to gauges) and study some first properties. This is done via formulating some kind of minimal containment problems, where intersections or Minkowski sums of the latter set and affine flats of a certain dimension are incorporated. Since this is strongly related to minimax location problems, we also look at ball intersections and ball hulls.