bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Absolute Configuration of an Optically Active Bisnoradamantane Derivative, (‐)‐6‐Oxotricyclo[3.3.0.03,7]octane‐2‐carboxylic Acid.
Authors: NAEMURA K. , KOMATSU M. , CHIKAMATSU H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDiels‐Alder reaction of the fulvene (I) and ethyl acrylate (II) yields the bicycloheptene (IIIa).
Temporal Stability of Metal‐Chloride‐Doped Chemical‐Vapour‐Deposited Graphene
Authors: Kang Moon H. , Milne William I. , Cole Matthew T. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractGraphene has proven to be a promising material for transparent flexible electronics.In this study, we report the development of a transfer and doping scheme of large‐area chemical vapour deposited (CVD) graphene. A technique to transfer the as‐grown material onto mechanically flexible and optically transparent polymeric substrates using an ultraviolet adhesive (UVA) is outlined, along with the temporal stability of the sheet resistance and optical transparency following chemical doping with various metal chlorides (MxClyThe sheet resistance (RS) and 550 nm optical transparency (%T550) of the transferred un‐doped graphene was 3.5 kΩ sq−1(±0.2 kΩ sq−1) and 84.1 % (±2.9 %), respectively. Doping with AuCl3showed a notable reduction inRSby some 71.4 % (to 0.93 kΩ sq−1) with a corresponding %T550of 77.0 %. After 200 h exposure to air at standard temperature and pressure, the increase inRSwas found to be negligible (ΔRSAuCl3=0.06 kΩ sq−1), indicating that, of the considered MxClyspecies, AuCl3doping offered the highest degree of time stability under ambient conditions. There appears a tendency of increasingRSwith time for the remaining metal chlorides studied. We attribute the observed temporal shift to desorption of molecular dopants. We find that desorption was most significant in RhCl3‐doped samples whereas, in contrast, after 200 h in ambient conditions, AuCl3‐doped graphene showed only marginal desorption. The results of this study demonstrate that chemical doping of UVA‐transferred graphene is a promising means for enhancing large‐area CVD graphene in order to realise a viable platform for next‐generation optically transparent and mechanically flexible electronics.
Folate‐Conjugated Polylactic Acid–Silica Hybrid Nanoparticles as Degradable Carriers for Targeted Drug Delivery, On‐Demand Release and Simultaneous Self‐Clearance
Authors: Ma Zhifang , Li Xiaolei , Jia Xiaodan , Bai Jing , Jiang Xiue 
Published: May 2016

AbstractImproving the therapeutic efficacy of cancer chemotherapy and reducing the side effects in patients are appealing goals but represent critical challenges. In this work, a novel SiO2‐based nanocarrier coated with polylactic acid and folate has been fabricated to destroy tumors in vivo. Folic acid promotes the targeted intracellular delivery of drug molecules to cancer cells overexpressing the folate receptor for improving the efficacy of the therapy. The polylactic acid layer prevents the premature leakage of drug until the polylactic acid is degraded as a response to low pH and enzymes; this mechanism is designed for sustained and on‐demand drug release to prevent undesired side effects. Escape of the drug molecules then triggers decomposition of the SiO2 carrier, improving its elimination from the patient. The strategy of combining the engineering flexibility of inorganic nanocarriers with the stimuli‐responsive biodegradability of organic molecules will offer new directions in on‐demand and sustained drug release for chemotherapy.
Tailoring ZSM‐5 Zeolites for the Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass to Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Hoff Thomas C. , Gardner David W. , Thilakaratne Rajeeva , Wang Kaige , Hansen Thomas W. , Brown Robert C. , Tessonnier Jean‐Philippe 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe production of aromatic hydrocarbons from cellulose by zeolite‐catalyzed fast pyrolysis involves a complex reaction network sensitive to the zeolite structure, crystallinity, elemental composition, porosity, and acidity. The interplay of these parameters under the reaction conditions represents a major roadblock that has hampered significant improvement in catalyst design for over a decade. Here, we studied commercial and laboratory‐synthesized ZSM‐5 zeolites and combined data from 10 complementary characterization techniques in an attempt to identify parameters common to high‐performance catalysts. Crystallinity and framework aluminum site accessibility were found to be critical to achieve high aromatic yields. These findings enabled us to synthesize a ZSM‐5 catalyst with enhanced activity, which offers the highest aromatic hydrocarbon yield reported to date.
Joint scheduling and mapping in support of downlink fairness and spectral efficiency in ieee 802.16e OFDMA system
Authors: Thanh Nguyen Huu , Tung Doan Van , Thu Ngo Quynh , Nam Nguyen Canh , Sandrasegaran Kumbesan 
Published: May 2016

SummaryThe next generation broadband wireless networks deploy orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) as the enabling technologies for broadband data transmission with QoS capabilities. In such broadband wireless systems, one major issue is how to utilize radio resource efficiently while maintaining fairness between sessions as well as providing adequate QoS. In this work, we propose an approach for OFDMA/time division duplex (TDD) downlink suitable for IEEE802.16e WiMAX systems that combines scheduling and burst mapping algorithms for a trade‐off between session fairness, QoS, and spectral efficiency. While optimizing radio resources under QoS and fairness constraints is an NP‐hard problem, we follow a heuristic approach that simplifies the complexity of the algorithm. Performance results show that while the new scheme outperforms the Proportional Fair algorithm in terms of fairness, it also improves the overall system spectral efficiency. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recognition and Quantification of Some Monoamines Neurotransmitters
Authors: Elmosallamy Mohamed A. F. , Saber Amr L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThree neurotransmitter sensors for dopamine, serotonin, and epinephrine have been developed. Potentiometric sensors for serotonin and epinephrine are novel and first to be introduced. The neurotransmitter potentiometric sensors are based on using dibenzo‐30‐crown‐10 (DB30C10), dibenzo‐24‐crown‐8 (DB24C8), and dibenzo‐18‐crown‐6 (DB18C6) as ionophores and neutral carriers incorporating in poly(vinyl chloride) matrix membrane plasticized with o‐nitrophenyl octyl ether. Sensors based on dibenzo‐30‐crown‐10 show good responses for the dopamine, serotonin, and epinephrine (Type I–III, respectively) with a cationic slope of 57.9 mV decade−1 and detection limit of 4.0×10−5 mol L−1 dopamine, cationic slope of 55.9 mV decade−1 and detection limit of 4.0×10−5 mol L−1 serotonin, and cationic slope of 54.4 mV decade−1 and detection limit of 2.0×10−5 mol L−1 epinephrine. The sensors based on DB24C8 and DB18C6 (Types IV–IX) show poor responses in terms of calibration range and slope. The effect of the interferents on the response of the sensors reveals a high selectivity for the neurotransmitters over many inorganic cations, ascorbic and uric acids. The useful pH range for the three sensors is 3–7, the response time is fast (11 s), and the life span is long (2.5 months). Sensors (Types I and III) are successfully used for the quantification of dopamine and adrenaline in pharmaceutical preparations.
The effect of traditional flame retardants, nanoclays and carbon nanotubes in the fire performance of epoxy resin composites
Authors: Martins Marta S. S. , Schartel B. , Magalhães Fernão D. , Pereira C. M. C. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryThe effectiveness of distinct fillers, from micro to nano‐size scaled, on the fire behaviour of an epoxy resin and its carbon fibre reinforced composites was assessed by cone calorimetry. The performance was compared not only regarding the reaction to fire performance, but also in terms of thermal stability, glass transition temperature and microstructure. Regarding the fire reaction behaviour of nanofilled epoxy resin, anionic nanoclays and thermally oxidized carbon nanotubes showed the best results, in agreement with more compact chars formed on the surface of the burning polymer. For carbon fibre reinforced composite plates, the cone calorimeter results of modified resin samples did not show significant improvements on the heat release rate curves. Poorly dispersed fillers in the resin additionally caused reductions on the glass transition temperature of the composite materials. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of pretreatments of banana (Musa AAA,Omini) on the composition, rheological properties, and baking quality of its flour and composite blends with wheat flour
Authors: Bakare Adegoke H. , Ogunbowale Olukemi D. , Adegunwa Mojisola O. , Olusanya Joseph O. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractEffects of chemical and heat pretreatments on the protein, gluten, and alpha‐amylase activity, pasting (Peak [P], Final [F] setback [S] viscosity, pasting temperature [PT] and time [T]) and alveogram (Energy [E], maximum inflation [MI], P/L, and elasticity index [EI]) properties of flour from the pretreated bananas and its composite with wheat flour (WF) were examined. The baking (water absorption [WA] and specific volume [SV]) and sensory properties of bread produced from the flour were also examined. Protein, gluten, and alpha‐amylase activity ranged from 4.75 ± 0.07%, 30.25 ± 0.05%, and 4.00 ± 0.05 min to 13.75 ± 0.06%, 35.64 ± 0.06%, and 39.61 ± 1.18 min with WF:PTBF/95:05, WF:CTBF/00:100, WF:BBF/80:20, WF:100 and WF:CTBF/00:100, WF:PTBF/95:05, WF:100, WF:PTBF/00:100 having lowest and highest values, respectively. P, F, S viscosities, PT and T ranged from 186.17 ± 0.71, 217.08 ± 1.41, 38.92 ± 5.42 RVU, 84.70 ± 0.28°C, 5.04 ± 0.05 min to 461.0 ± 5.07, 348.5 ± 8.84, 88.83 ± 0.24 RVU, 87.20 ± 0.00°C, 6.24 ± 0.05 min, respectively. E, MI, P/L, and EI ranged from 141.50 ± 0.71 × 10−4J, 15.35 ± 0.07, 0.59 ± 0.83 and 35.85 ± 0.07 to 325.00 ± 1.4 × 10−4J, 22.55 ± 0.07, 2.75 ± 0.07, and 70.50 ± 0.71, respectively. WA and SV were 48.12 ± 0.07 to 52.60 ± 0.14 and 2.850 ± 0.07 to 5.635 ± 0.18 with the WF having significantly (P < 0.05) higher values than other blends and the most acceptable in terms of appearance and taste.
Functional connectivity at rest is sensitive to individual differences in executive function: A network analysis
Authors: Reineberg Andrew E. , Banich Marie T. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractGraph theory provides a means to understand the nature of network characteristics and connectivity between specific brain regions. Here it was used to investigate whether the network characteristics of the brain at rest are associated with three dimensions thought to underlie individual differences in executive function (EF)—common EF, shifting‐specific EF, and updating‐specific EF (Miyake and Friedman [2012]). To do so, both an a priori analysis focused mainly on select frontoparietal regions previously linked to individual differences in EF as well as a whole‐brain analysis were performed. The findings indicated that individual differences in each of the three dimensions of EF were associated with specific patterns of resting‐state connectivity both in a priori and other brain regions. More specifically, higher common EF was associated with greater integrative (i.e., more hublike) connectivity of cuneus and supplementary motor area but less integrative function of lateral frontal nodes and left temporal lobe nodes. Higher shifting‐specific EF was associated with more hublike motor‐related nodes and cingulo‐opercular nodes. Higher updating‐specific EF was associated with less hublike lateral and medial frontoparietal nodes. In general, these results suggested that higher ability in each of these three dimensions of EF was not solely characterized by the connectivity characteristics of frontoparietal regions. The pattern was complicated in that higher EF was associated with the connectivity profile of nodes outside of the traditional frontoparietal network, as well as with less hublike or centrality characteristics of some nodes within the frontoparietal network. Hum Brain Mapp 37:2959–2975, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Spectral and spatial changes of brain rhythmic activity in response to the sustained thermal pain stimulation
Authors: Huishi Zhang Clara , Sohrabpour Abbas , Lu Yunfeng , He Bin 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the neurophysiological correlates of pain caused by sustained thermal stimulation. A group of 21 healthy volunteers was studied. Sixty‐four channel continuous electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded while the subject received tonic thermal stimulation. Spectral changes extracted from EEG were quantified and correlated with pain scales reported by subjects, the stimulation intensity, and the time course. Network connectivity was assessed to study the changes in connectivity patterns and strengths among brain regions that have been previously implicated in pain processing. Spectrally, a global reduction in power was observed in the lower spectral range, from delta to alpha, with the most marked changes in the alpha band. Spatially, the contralateral region of the somatosensory cortex, identified using source localization, was most responsive to stimulation status. Maximal desynchrony was observed when stimulation was present. The degree of alpha power reduction was linearly correlated to the pain rating reported by the subjects. Contralateral alpha power changes appeared to be a robust correlate of pain intensity experienced by the subjects. Granger causality analysis showed changes in network level connectivity among pain‐related brain regions due to high intensity of pain stimulation versus innocuous warm stimulation. These results imply the possibility of using noninvasive EEG to predict pain intensity and to study the underlying pain processing mechanism in coping with prolonged painful experiences. Once validated in a broader population, the present EEG‐based approach may provide an objective measure for better pain management in clinical applications. Hum Brain Mapp 37:2976–2991, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Predictors of survival in parotid adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified: a National Cancer Database study of 3155 patients
Authors: Zhan Kevin Y. , Huang Andrew T. , Khaja Sobia F. , Bell Diana , Day Terry A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundParotid adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (PANOS) is a common parotid cancer, but studies specifically on this subject are limited.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of the National Cancer Database.ResultsTen percent of all parotid cancers were PANOS (n = 3155). Median age was 67 years. Most patients were men (62.8%) with high‐grade histology (67.2%). Regional metastasis was common (35.9%), whereas occult nodal metastasis (20.2% overall) was less frequent in non‐high‐grade lesions (8.5% vs 31.6%; p < .001). Distant metastasis was rare (7.9%). Five‐year overall survival (OS) was 47%. In multivariate analysis, age, regional metastasis, distant metastasis, high‐grade, and T classification were predictors of lower survival. Patients with stage III to IV disease receiving surgery and radiotherapy had a better OS than those receiving surgery alone (51% vs 41%; p < .001).ConclusionPANOS is an aggressive disease with frequent regional metastasis and low survival. Numerous variables are associated with worse survival. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38:1208–1212, 2016
Dynamics of GFP‐Fusion p110α and p110β Isoforms of PI3K Signaling Pathway in Normal and Cancer Cells
Authors: Singh Paramjeet , Dar Mohd Saleem , Singh Gurjinder , Jamwal Gayatri , Sharma Parduman Raj , Ahmad Muzamil , Dar Mohd Jamal 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTCancer therapeutics is a hot subject and PI3K class 1A isoforms (p110α and p110β) are pursued as major targets. Genetic analysis, biochemical approaches, and structural studies have demonstrated crucial roles for these isoforms in several physiological processes. p110α is critical for insulin signaling, whereas p110β is essential for the growth and differs from p110α in many ways. Here, we have generated GFP‐fusion clones of wildtype and mutant version of p110α and p110β and expressed them in HEK293 and cancer cells to examine their subcellular localization and their impact on downstream signaling. In HEK293 cells, p110β GFP‐fusion protein is translocated into the nucleus, whereas p110α‐GFP stays exclusively in the cytoplasm. This study demonstrates that p110α and p110β oncogenecity, kinase activity, and interaction with p85 regulatory subunit does not have any impact on their subcellular localization. PI3K pathway specific inhibitor, LY294002, abrogated PI3K signaling by reducing pAkt levels, however, the subcellular localization of p110α and p110β remained unchanged. Furthermore, we analyzed the expression of recombinant p110α and p110β in a panel of human cancer cells and observed remarkable differences in their expression levels. The differential expression of recombinant p110α and p110β was observed to be mainly regulated by the endogenous levels of pAkt. Unlike in HEK293, p110α showed nuclear localization in cancer cells in a similar fashion to p110β. Moreover, we observed the PI3K signaling activities in low pAkt expressing cells are mediated by PDK1 and S6K proteins. Finally, p110α and p110β were seen to play an essential role in promoting the cell cycle progression in MCF‐7 and HCT‐116 cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2864–2874, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Early enteral nutrition improves intestinal immune barrier in a rat model of severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Peng Lan , Wu Li‐Guo , Li Bo , Zhao Jun , Wen Li‐Ming 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to investigate the role of early enteral nutrition (EEN) in the intestinal immune barrier in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), and to explore its potential mechanisms.MethodsSixty rats were randomly assigned to three groups: sham‐operated group (SO group, n = 20), SAP group receiving EEN (SAP + EEN group, n = 20), and SAP group receiving total parental nutrition (SAP + TPN group, n = 20). SAP was induced by infusion of sodium taurocholate. Rats were killed 5 days after nutritional support. The pathological damage of the intestine was determined using HE staining. The expression of MAdCAM‐1, CD4+, and CD8+ in Peyer's lymph nodes of the distal ilium was examined by immunohistochemistry. Serum levels of endotoxin and bacterial translocation were determined.ResultsThe survival rate in the SAP + TPN (50%) and SAP + EEN (75%) groups was significantly lower than in the SO group (100%) (P < 0.05). The survival rate in the SAP + EEN group was significantly higher than in the SAP + TPN group (P < 0.05). The expression of MAdCAM‐1, CD4+ and CD8+ in the intestine was decreased in SAP rats. EEN significantly increased the expression of MAdCAM‐1, CD4+ and CD8+ compared with TPN, accompanied by a decrease in the serum levels of endotoxin and bacterial translocation.ConclusionsEarly enteral nutrition improves intestinal immune barrier, thus reducing bacterial and endotoxin translocation and improving the survival rate in SAP rats.
What Do We Mean by ‘Women's Crops'? Commercialisation, Gender and the Power to Name
Authors: Orr Alastair , Tsusaka Takuji , Kee‐Tui Sabine Homann , Msere Harry 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe explore the relationship between commercialisation and gender for groundnuts in Eastern Province, Zambia, using a mixed methods approach. Women saw themselves as having greater control over groundnuts than other crops, and both sexes saw groundnuts as controlled by women. Propensity Score Matching showed that machine shelling and higher sales did not reduce women's perceived level of control over groundnuts. On the other hand, women welcomed greater male participation in machine shelling because it reduced the drudgery of shelling by hand, and were willing to trade some control in exchange for the male labour required to capture the full benefits from commercialisation. This suggests the need to re‐think the narrative of commercalisation and gender as a zero sum game in favour of a cooperative‐conflict model where bargaining between women and men can result in higher incomes for them both. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):GlycosAminoGlycan Aqueous Dispersions: Toward Electrically Conductive Bioactive Materials for Neural Interfaces
Authors: Mantione Daniele , del Agua Isabel , Schaafsma Wandert , Diez‐Garcia Javier , Castro Begona , Sardon Haritz , Mecerreyes David 
Published: May 2016

There is an actual need of advanced materials for the emerging field of bioelectronics. One commonly used material is the conducting polymer poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) due to its general use in organic electronics. However, depending on the application in bioelectronics, PEDOT:PSS is not fully biocompatible due to the high acidity of the residual sulfonate protons of PSS. In this paper, the synthesis and biocompatibility properties of new poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):GlycosAminoGlycan (PEDOT:GAG) aqueous dispersions and its resulting films are shown. Thus, negatively charged GAGs as an alternative to PSS are presented. Three different commercially available GAGs, hyaluronic acid, heparin, and chondroitin sulfate are used. Indeed, PEDOT:GAGs dispersions are prepared through an oxidative chemical polymerization in water. Biocompatibility assays of the PEDOT:GAGs coatings are performed using SH‐SY5Y and CCF‐STTG1 cell lines and with ATP and Ca2+. Results show full biocompatibility and a pronounced anti‐inflammatory effect. This last characteristic becomes crucial if implanted in the body. These materials can be used for in vivo applications, as transistor or electrode for electrical recording and for all the possible situations when there is contact between electronic circuits and living tissues.image
High‐Tg Thiol‐Click Thermoset Networks via the Thiol‐Maleimide Michael Addition
Authors: Parker Shelbi , Reit Radu , Abitz Haley , Ellson Gregory , Yang Kejia , Lund Benjamin , Voit Walter E. 
Published: May 2016

Thiol‐click reactions lead to polymeric materials with a wide range of interesting mechanical, electrical, and optical properties. However, this reaction mechanism typically results in bulk materials with a low glass transition temperature (Tg) due to rotational flexibility around the thioether linkages found in networks such as thiol‐ene, thiol‐epoxy, and thiol‐acrylate systems. This report explores the thiol‐maleimide reaction utilized for the first time as a solvent‐free reaction system to synthesize high‐Tg thermosetting networks. Through thermomechanical characterization via dynamic mechanical analysis, the homogeneity and Tgs of thiol‐maleimide networks are compared to similarly structured thiol‐ene and thiol‐epoxy networks. While preliminary data show more heterogeneous networks for thiol‐maleimide systems, bulk materials exhibit Tgs 80 °C higher than other thiol‐click systems explored herein. Finally, hollow tubes are synthesized using each thiol‐click reaction mechanism and employed in low‐ and high‐temperature environments, demonstrating the ability to withstand a compressive radial 100 N deformation at 100 °C wherein other thiol‐click systems fail mechanically.
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