bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Regioselective Dipolar Cycloadditions of Nitrile Oxides with α,β‐Acetylenic Aldehydes.
Authors: Jiang Longqiang , Gao Tao , Li Zhi , Sun Shaofa , Kim Claudia , Huang Changfeng , Guo Haibing , Wang Jian , Xing Yalan 
Published: May 2016

Abstract1,3‐Dipolar cycloaddition of in situ generated nitrile oxides with α,β‐acetylenic aldehydes allows the isolation of the expected isoxazoles as single regioisomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction Between Azidyl Radicals and Alkynes: A Straightforward Approach to NH‐1,2,3‐Triazoles.
Authors: Hu Long , Mueck‐Lichtenfeld Christian , Wang Tao , He Guifeng , Gao Meng , Zhao Junfeng 
Published: May 2016

AbstractInternal aliphatic alkyne 5‐decyne does not react under these conditions to yield the corresponding product.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyridines via C(sp3)—H Oxidation and C—S Cleavage of Dimethyl Sulfoxide.
Authors: Wu Xia , Zhang Jingjing , Liu Shan , Gao Qinghe , Wu Anxin 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMethylene units, generated in situ from dimethyl sulfoxide, are captured by ketones to give pyridine derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of Azuleno[2,1‐b]pyridazines.
Authors: Wang Dao‐Lin , Ma Jian , Shi Xiao‐Ce , Wu Jian‐Ying 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTitle compounds (III) are simply and efficiently synthesized in good yields via domino reaction between 1‐cyanoacetyl‐2‐methoxyazulene derivatives (I) and aryldiazonium salts (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Ag Loaded on SiO2 as an Efficient and Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of Chloro‐8‐substituted‐9H‐purines.
Authors: Maddila Suresh , Valand Jignesh , Bandaru Harinarayana , Yalagala Kotaiah , Lavanya Palakondu 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAn eco‐friendly method for the preparation of the title purines by cyclocondensation of chloropyrimidine and benzoic acids in short times and high yields is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of α‐Alkenyl α‐Amino Acids via N—H Insertion Reactions.
Authors: Guo Jun‐Xia , Zhou Ting , Xu Bin , Zhu Shou‐Fei , Zhou Qi‐Lin 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis method provides access to Boc‐protected β,γ‐unsaturated α‐amino acid esters with excellent yields and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: An Easy Access to the Synthesis of Sugar‐Based N‐Methyl‐Pyrrolidine via [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Methodology.
Authors: Arasasppan Hemamalini , Thangamuthu Mohan Das 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe title sugars are prepared by cycloaddition of ylides generated from sarcosine and paraformaldehyde with sugar‐derived dipolarophiles (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Isoquinoline Alkaloids from the Twigs of Cassia fistula and Their anti‐Tobacco Mosaic Virus Activity.
Authors: Hu Qiu‐Fen , Zhou Min , Wu Hai‐Yan , Liu Qiang , Yu Zhen‐Hua , Hu Wei‐Yao , Yan Ke‐Liang , Wang Ye‐De , Zhou Kun , Dong Wei 
Published: May 2016

Abstractisolation and structure elucidation of fistulatin A (Ia) and fistulatin B (Ib)
ChemInform Abstract: Bioactive Lignan Derivatives from the Stems of Firmiana simplex.
Authors: Woo Kyeong Wan , Suh Won Se , Subedi Lalita , Kim Sun Yeou , Kim Aejung , Lee Kang Ro 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTwo new lignan derivatives, firmianols A (I) and B (II) are isolated together with seventeen known lignans.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkenes with Antioxidative Activities from Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng.
Authors: Ma Qin‐Ge , Xu Kun , Sang Zhi‐Pei , Wei Rong‐Rui , Liu Wen‐Min , Su Ya‐Lun , Yang Jian‐Bo , Wang Ai‐Guo , Ji Teng‐Fei , Li Lu‐Jun 
Published: May 2016

AbstractFour new alkenes are isolated together with eight known alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Combination of Metal Coordination Tetrahedra and Asymmetric Coordination Geometries of Sb(III) in the Organically Directed Chalcogenidometalates: Structural Diversity and Ion‐Exchange Properties
Authors: Feng Mei‐Ling , Wang Kai‐Yao , Huang Xiao‐Ying 
Published: May 2016

AbstractReview: [53 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Review on Green Lewis Acids: Zirconium(IV) Oxydichloride Octahydrate (ZrOCl2·8H2O) and Zirconium(IV) Tetrachloride (ZrCl4) in Organic Chemistry
Authors: Nikoofar Kobra , Khademi Zahra 
Published: May 2016

AbstractReview: 210 refs.
Performance analysis of OFDM based AF cooperative systems in selection combining receiver over Nakagami‐m fading channels with nonlinear power amplifier
Authors: Kumar Nagendra , Bhatia Vimal 
Published: May 2016

SummaryIn this paper, performance analysis of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based amplify‐and‐forward (AF) cooperative relaying network with selection combining (SC) scheme over independently but not necessarily identically distributed (i.n.i.d.) frequency selective Nakagami‐m fading channels is investigated. Theoretical analysis of closed‐form expressions for outage probability and average symbol error rate (ASER) have been proposed, while considering nonlinear distortions (NLD) introduced by nonlinear power amplifier (NLPA) at the relay node. Asymptotic behavior of outage probability is also analyzed in high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) regime to evaluate the diversity order of the system under several conditions. Further, impacts of fading parameter and NLD are highlighted on the outage probability, ASER and the diversity order of the system under different situations. The derived theoretical results are compared with Monte' Carlo simulations and verify the correctness of theoretical results for different system configurations and SNR levels. The derived expressions are generalized, and hence, can be easily used for analysis over variety of fading environments. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generation of a mouse model for a conditional inactivation of Gtf2i allele
Authors: Enkhmandakh Badam , Stoddard Chris , Mack Kris , He Wei , Kaback Deb , Yee Siu‐Pok , Bayarsaihan Dashzeveg 
Published: May 2016

SummaryThe multifunctional transcription factor TFII‐I encoded by the Gtf2i gene is expressed at the two‐cell stage, inner cell mass, trophectoderm, and early gastrula stages of the mouse embryo. In embryonic stem cells, TFII‐I colocalizes with bivalent domains and depletion of Gtf2i causes embryonic lethality, neural tube closure, and craniofacial defects. To gain insight into the function of TFII‐I during late embryonic and postnatal stages, we have generated a conditional Gtf2i null allele by flanking exon 3 with loxP sites. Crossing the floxed line with the Hprt‐Cre transgenic mice resulted in inactivation of Gtf2i in one‐cell embryo. The Cre‐mediated deletion of exon 3 recapitulates a genetic null phenotype, indicating that the conditional Gtf2i line is a valuable tool for studying TFII‐I function during embryonic development. genesis 54:407–412, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Some Observations on the Stratification of Lake Victoria
Authors: TALLING J. F. 
Published: May 2016

The stratification of temperature and oxygen is described for the open water of Lake Victoria during March–May 1956. The results generally conform to an outline of seasonal changes previously recorded for 1952–4. At the period of strongest stratification a shallow and almost deoxygenated lower layer is marked off by a distinct but deep thermal discontinuity.The vertical distribution of the planktonic algae during the period of strong thermal stratification is described, with the effects of a later change to more isothermal conditions. Some conspicuous differences between the various species are recorded and classified; thus maximum densities of different species are variously found in upper, middle, and lower layers. These differences are considered to arise mainly from different sinking rates and capacities to withstand conditions in a deoxygenated lower layer. The relation between algal distribution and the photosynthetic zone is briefly discussed.
Species Composition of Limnetic Zooplankton Communities1
Authors: PENNAK ROBERT W. 
Published: May 2016

The species composition of limnetic zooplankton communities in 27 Colorado lakes has been determined on the basis of 148 vertical series of plankton‐trap samples. Each such series consisted of three or more evenly spaced samples taken from surface to bottom in the limnetic area. Comparable quantitative data for 42 selected lakes in other parts of the world are also considered, such samples having been taken with the plankton trap, pump, Clarke‐Bumpus sampler, closing net, etc.Momentarily, the great majority of Colorado limnetic communities contained one or two species of copepods, one to three species of cladocerans, and three to seven species of rotifers. Comparable data for other small to medium‐sized lakes of the world were one to three copepods, two to four cladocerans, and three to seven rotifers. From a species standpoint, therefore, these limnetic communities are remarkably simple. Depending on the complexities of cyclic and seasonal abundance, however, the individual species making up these communities change from one time of the year to another. The most common and widely distributed North American species are contained in the following : Cyclops, Mesocyclops, Diaptomus (Copepoda); Daphnia, Bosmina, Diaphanosoma, Ceriodaphnia, Chydorus (Cladocera); Keratella, Polyarthra, Filinia, Kellicottia, Conochilus, Asplanchna, Synchaeta (Rotatoria).It is unusual to find more than one species in the same genus in a limnetic community at the same time, at least when ordinary quantitative sampling methods are used. But when two species in the same genus do occur together, one is usually 20 or more times as abundant as the other. These and other phenomena are discussed with particular reference to the “niche” concept.In spite of the cyclic waxing and waning of populations of individual zooplankton species, the great majority of limnetic communities are characterized at any one time by one numerically dominant species of copepod, one dominant cladoceran, and one dominant rotifer. Thus, adequate sampling in “typical” lakes shows that, on the average, 80 per cent of all limnetic copepods belong to one species, 78 per cent of all cladocerans belong to one species, and 64 per cent of all rotifers to one species.
Neurophysiological Features Of Hemiballism
Authors: Tai Yi‐cheng , Yin Yun Wo Katie , Ha Ainhi D. , Adam Robert , Mahant Neil , Sue Carolyn M. , Fung Victor S.C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractView Supplementary Video 1View Supplementary Video 2Hemiballism is a rare hyperkinetic movement disorder. The pathophysiology of hemiballism is poorly understood, and there have been few reports of neurophysiological recordings. The authors report three cases of hemiballism with associated radiological and neurophysiological findings. In patients 1 and 2, who were studied in the acute phase 4 and 14 days after presentation, irregularly timed and predominantly long‐duration electromyographic (EMG) bursts were observed typically ranging from 200 to 1500 milliseconds in duration and occurring asynchronously or alternating in antagonist muscles. In patient 3, who was studied 6 weeks after presentation when the involuntary movements had become choreiform, the EMG bursts were still from 200 to 1000 milliseconds in duration but were more synchronous or co‐contracting. The flailing movements of hemiballism appear to occur as a result of prolonged bursts of EMG activity generated in individual muscles unopposed by EMG bursting in the antagonist. During the subacute phase when the movements become more choreiform, the results indicate that EMG activity becomes more synchronous or co‐contracting.
Medication‐related adverse events during hospitalization: a retrospective patient record review study in The Netherlands
Authors: Damen Nikki L. , Baines Rebecca , Wagner Cordula , Langelaan Maaike 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPurposeMedication‐related adverse events (MRAEs) are an important priority for patient safety. Results from Dutch AE studies showed that—despite various improvement initiatives—the incidence of preventable MRAEs did not decline. The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of MRAEs during hospitalizations using national patient data from records of patients admitted to Dutch hospitals in 2008 and 2011/2012.MethodsTrained nurses and physicians reviewed the randomly selected records of 8071 patients admitted to one of 20 hospitals in 2008 or 2011/2012 during a two‐stage review process. Patient and admission characteristics were collected. After identification of a MRAE, physicians determined their potential preventability, drug type, related prescribing factors, and potential consequences.ResultsThe physicians identified 928 adverse events (AEs) in 857 admissions, of which 218 (15.2%) were medication‐related. They judged 55 (18.4%) of these as preventable. Preventability of MRAEs was high in anticoagulant treatment (42.5%). Haematoma (39.0%) and intra‐cerebral haemorrhage (25.5%) were common types of anticoagulant‐related AEs. Anticoagulant‐related AEs were often related to dosage factors (46.9%) and often resulted in an intervention (80.2%), of which 40.2% was judged as preventable.ConclusionsThis study provided detailed information on MRAEs during hospital admissions in The Netherlands. A substantial proportion of AEs was medication‐related (15.2%), of which 18.4% was judged to be preventable. As preventability in MRAEs was especially high in anticoagulant treatment (42.5%), those medications are a threat to patient safety. Future research and new safety programs should focus on prevention of AEs related to this medication group. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The validity and reliability of a signal impact assessment tool
Authors: Rolfes Leàn , Kolfschoten Judith , van Hunsel Florence , van Puijenbroek Eugène 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe Netherlands Pharmacovigilance Centre Lareb uses an operating Signal Impact Assessment Tool (SIAT) as aid in signal selection. SIAT prioritized signals into one of four categories: strong/moderate signal strength and similarly health impact. Although the SIAT has been used for many years, validity and reliability was never explored.PurposeThe aim of this study is to test the validity and reliability of the operating and weight‐adjusted SIAT.MethodFor validity testing, judgments of a Delphi panel of three pharmacovigilance experts were used as a ‘gold standard’. First, the panel judged the weighting of the items included in the SIAT. Then, during two phases, the panel rated 40 signals in one of the four categories. Two researchers scored the signals using the SIAT. Panel judgments were compared with scores for the operating and weight‐adjusted SIAT. Inter‐ and intra‐observer variability was also tested. The Cohen's Kappa coefficient (k) was calculated. At least substantial agreement (k > 0.6) was considered to be necessary for an acceptable reliability.ResultsValidity did not meet predefined criteria: operating and weight‐adjusted tool, respectively, k‐phase1 = 0.83 and 0.83, k‐phase2 = 0.18 and 0.36. Differences were found for signal strength and health impact. Inter‐ and intra‐observer variabilities were good, k of 0.78 and 0.72, respectively.ConclusionsThe SIAT was found to have an insufficient validity and proper reliability. Although SIAT scores should not be decisive in the decision making process, items included can be used as an aid to decide which signals deserve further investigation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ribosome‐based quality control of mRNA and nascent peptides
Authors: Simms Carrie L. , Thomas Erica N. , Zaher Hani S. 
Published: May 2016

Quality control processes are widespread and play essential roles in detecting defective molecules and removing them in order to maintain organismal fitness. Aberrant messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules, unless properly managed, pose a significant hurdle to cellular proteostasis. Often mRNAs harbor premature stop codons, possess structures that present a block to the translational machinery, or lack stop codons entirely. In eukaryotes, the three cytoplasmic mRNA‐surveillance processes, nonsense‐mediated decay (NMD), no‐go decay (NGD), and nonstop decay (NSD), evolved to cope with these aberrant mRNAs, respectively. Nonstop mRNAs and mRNAs that inhibit translation elongation are especially problematic as they sequester valuable ribosomes from the translating ribosome pool. As a result, in addition to RNA degradation, NSD and NGD are intimately coupled to ribosome rescue in all domains of life. Furthermore, protein products produced from all three classes of defective mRNAs are more likely to malfunction. It is not surprising then that these truncated nascent protein products are subject to degradation. Over the past few years, many studies have begun to document a central role for the ribosome in initiating the RNA and protein quality control processes. The ribosome appears to be responsible for recognizing the target mRNAs as well as for recruiting the factors required to carry out the processes of ribosome rescue and nascent protein decay. WIREs RNA 2017, 8:e1366. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1366This article is categorized under:

Translation > Translation Regulation
RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Turnover/Surveillance Mechanisms
Selling Sex Toys: Marketing and the Meaning of Vibrators in Early Twentieth-Century America
Authors: LIEBERMAN HALLIE 
Published: May 2016

The electromechanical vibrator originated in the late nineteenth century as a device for medical therapy. In the first three decades of the twentieth century, however, marketing of vibrators as consumer appliances became pervasive. Ads appeared in the pages ofThe New York TimesandScientific Americanand plastered street cars. Companies marketed vibrators to grandparents, mothers, infants, and young adults. Vibrators are widely sold today, however, as instruments for masturbation, a use that was rarely mentioned but well known before World War II. How was vibrator advertising able to become so ubiquitous during the early twentieth century, despite draconian antiobscenity laws and antimasturbation rhetoric? This article argues that companies achieved this result by shaping the meaning of vibrators through strategic marketing. This marketing overtly portrayed vibrators as nonsexual while covertly conveying their sexual uses through imagery and the sale of phallic, dildo-like attachments.Companies positioned vibrators within two major consumer product categories in the early 1900s: labor-saving household appliances and electrotherapeutic devices. By advertising the vibrator as both a labor-saving household appliance and a sexualized health panacea, companies could slip vibrator ads past the censors, while supplying user manuals that clued consumers into specific sexual uses. In household appliance ads, companies drew on traditional gender roles to present vibrators as emblems of domesticity and motherhood, whereas in electrotherapeutic ads they presented vibrators as symbols of progressive gender roles, the sexualized new woman and the body-conscious “self-made man.”
Pre-diagnostic meat and fibre intakes in relation to colorectal cancer survival in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
Authors: Ward Heather A. , Norat Teresa , Overvad Kim , Dahm Christina C. , Bueno-de-Mesquita H. Bas , Jenab Mazda , Fedirko Veronika , van Duijnhoven Fränzel J. B. , Skeie Guri , Romaguera-Bosch Dora , Tjønneland Anne , Olsen Anja , Carbonnel Franck , Affret Aurélie , Boutron-Ruault Marie-Christine , Katzke Verena , Kühn Tilman , Aleksandrova Krassimira , Boeing Heiner , Trichopoulou Antonia , Lagiou Pagona , Bamia Christina , Palli Domenico , Sieri Sabina , Tumino Rosario , Naccarati Alessio , Mattiello Amalia , Peeters Petra H. , Weiderpass Elisabete , Åsli Lene Angell , Jakszyn Paula , Ramón Quirós J. , Sánchez María-José , Dorronsoro Miren , Huerta José-María , Barricarte Aurelio , Jirström Karin , Ericson Ulrika , Johansson Ingegerd , Gylling Björn , Bradbury Kathryn E. , Khaw Kay-Tee , Wareham Nicholas J. , Stepien Magdalena , Freisling Heinz , Murphy Neil , Cross Amanda J. , Riboli Elio 
Published: May 2016

AbstractImprovements in colorectal cancer (CRC) detection and treatment have led to greater numbers of CRC survivors, for whom there is limited evidence on which to provide dietary guidelines to improve survival outcomes. Higher intake of red and processed meat and lower intake of fibre are associated with greater risk of developing CRC, but there is limited evidence regarding associations with survival after CRC diagnosis. Among 3789 CRC cases in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort, pre-diagnostic consumption of red meat, processed meat, poultry and dietary fibre was examined in relation to CRC-specific mortality (n 1008) and all-cause mortality (n 1262) using multivariable Cox regression models, adjusted for CRC risk factors. Pre-diagnostic red meat, processed meat or fibre intakes (defined as quartiles and continuous grams per day) were not associated with CRC-specific or all-cause mortality among CRC survivors; however, a marginal trend across quartiles of processed meat in relation to CRC mortality was detected (P 0·053). Pre-diagnostic poultry intake was inversely associated with all-cause mortality among women (hazard ratio (HR)/20 g/d 0·92; 95 % CI 0·84, 1·00), but not among men (HR 1·00; 95 % CI 0·91, 1·09) (Pfor heterogeneity=0·10). Pre-diagnostic intake of red meat or fibre is not associated with CRC survival in the EPIC cohort. There is suggestive evidence of an association between poultry intake and all-cause mortality among female CRC survivors and between processed meat intake and CRC-specific mortality; however, further research using post-diagnostic dietary data is required to confirm this relationship.
Imagined bodies: architects and their constructions of later life
Authors: BUSE CHRISTINA , NETTLETON SARAH , MARTIN DARYL , TWIGG JULIA 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThis article comprises a sociological analysis of how architects imagine the ageing body when designing residential care homes for later life and the extent to which they engage empathetically with users. Drawing on interviews with architectural professionals based in the United Kingdom, we offer insight into the ways in which architects envisage the bodies of those who they anticipate will populate their buildings. Deploying the notions of ‘body work’ and ‘the body multiple’, our analysis reveals how architects imagined a variety of bodies in nuanced ways. These imagined bodies emerge as they talked through the practicalities of the design process. Moreover, their conceptions of bodies were also permeated by prevailing ideologies of caring: although we found that they sought to resist dominant discourses of ageing, they nevertheless reproduced these discourses. Architects’ constructions of bodies are complicated by the collaborative nature of the design process, where we find an incessant juggling between the competing demands of multiple stakeholders, each of whom anticipate other imagined bodies and seek to shape the design of buildings to meet their requirements. Our findings extend a nascent sociological literature on architecture and social care by revealing how architects participate in the shaping of care for later life as ‘body workers’, but also how their empathic aspirations can be muted by other imperatives driving the marketisation of care.