bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osterix represses adipogenesis by negatively regulating PPARγ transcriptional activity
Authors: Han Younho , Kim Chae Yul , Cheong Heesun , Lee Kwang Youl 
Published: October 2016

AbstractOsterix is a novel bone-related transcription factor involved in osteoblast differentiation, and bone maturation. Because a reciprocal relationship exists between adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells, we hypothesized that Osterix might have a role in adipogenesis. Ablation of Osterix enhanced adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells, whereas overexpression suppressed this process and inhibited the expression of adipogenic markers including CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). Further studies indicated that Osterix significantly decreased PPARγ-induced transcriptional activity. Using co-immunoprecipitation and GST-pull down analysis, we found that Osterix directly interacts with PPARγ. The ligand-binding domain (LBD) of PPARγ was responsible for this interaction, which was followed by repression of PPARγ-induced transcriptional activity, even in the presence of rosiglitazone. Taken together, we identified the Osterix has an important regulatory role on PPARγ activity, which contributed to the mechanism of adipogenesis.
Wavelength de-multiplexing metasurface hologram
Authors: Wang Bo , Quan Baogang , He Jingwen , Xie Zhenwei , Wang Xinke , Li Junjie , Kan Qiang , Zhang Yan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA wavelength de-multiplexing metasurface hologram composed of subwavelength metallic antennas is designed and demonstrated experimentally in the terahertz (THz) regime. Different character patterns are generated at the separated working frequencies 0.50 THz and 0.63 THz which determine a narrow frequency bandwidth of 130 GHz. The two working frequencies are around the central resonance frequency of the antennas where antennas behave strong wavefront modulation. Each antenna is fully utilized to control the wavefront of the metasurface at different frequencies by an optimization algorithm. The results demonstrate a candidate way to design multi-colors optical display elements.
Influence of age on androgen deprivation therapy-associated Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Nead Kevin T. , Gaskin Greg , Chester Cariad , Swisher-McClure Samuel , Dudley Joel T. , Leeper Nicholas J. , Shah Nigam H. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe recently found an association between androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and Alzheimer’s disease. As Alzheimer’s disease is a disease of advanced age, we hypothesize that older individuals on ADT may be at greatest risk. We conducted a retrospective multi-institutional analysis among 16,888 individuals with prostate cancer using an informatics approach. We tested the effect of ADT on Alzheimer’s disease using Kaplan–Meier age stratified analyses in a propensity score matched cohort. We found a lower cumulative probability of remaining Alzheimer’s disease-free between non-ADT users age ≥70 versus those age <70 years (p < 0.001) and between ADT versus non-ADT users ≥70 years (p = 0.034). The 5-year probability of developing Alzheimer’s disease was 2.9%, 1.9% and 0.5% among ADT users ≥70, non-ADT users ≥70 and individuals <70 years, respectively. Compared to younger individuals older men on ADT may have the greatest absolute Alzheimer’s disease risk. Future work should investigate the ADT Alzheimer’s disease association in advanced age populations given the greater potential clinical impact.
Neurotoxic kynurenine metabolism is increased in the dorsal hippocampus and drives distinct depressive behaviors during inflammation
Authors: Parrott J M , Redus L , Santana-Coelho D , Morales J , Gao X , O'Connor J C 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism has an important role in mediating the behavioral effects of inflammation, which has implications in understanding neuropsychiatric comorbidity and for the development of novel therapies. Inhibition of the rate-limiting enzyme, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), prevents the development of many of these inflammation-induced preclinical behaviors. However, dysregulation in the balance of downstream metabolism, where neuroactive kynurenines are generated, is hypothesized to be a functionally important pathogenic feature of inflammation-induced depression. Here we utilized two novel transgenic mouse strains to directly test the hypothesis that neurotoxic kynurenine metabolism causes depressive-like behavior following peripheral immune activation. Wild-type (WT) or kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO)-deficient (KMO−/−) mice were administered either lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.5 mg kg−1) or saline intraperitoneally. Depressive-like behavior was measured across multiple domains 24 h after immune challenge. LPS precipitated a robust depressive-like phenotype, but KMO−/− mice were specifically protected from LPS-induced immobility in the tail suspension test (TST) and reduced spontaneous alternations in the Y-maze. Direct administration of 3-hydroxykynurenine, the metabolic product of KMO, caused a dose-dependent increase in depressive-like behaviors. Mice with targeted deletion of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid dioxygenase (HAAO), the enzyme that generates quinolinic acid, were similarly challenged with LPS. Similar to KMO−/− mice, LPS failed to increase immobility during the TST. Whereas kynurenine metabolism was generally increased in behaviorally salient brain regions, a distinct shift toward KMO-dependent kynurenine metabolism occurred in the dorsal hippocampus in response to LPS. Together, these results demonstrate that KMO is a pivotal mediator of hippocampal-dependent depressive-like behaviors induced by peripheral LPS challenge.
Frequency support characteristics of grid‐interactive power converters based on the synchronous power controller
Authors: Zhang Weiyi , Remon Daniel , Rodriguez Pedro 
Published: October 2016

Grid‐interactive converters with primary frequency control and inertia emulation have emerged and are promising for future renewable generation plants because of the contribution in power system stabilisation. This study gives a synchronous active power control solution for grid‐interactive converters, as a way to emulate synchronous generators for inerita characteristics and load sharing. As design considerations, the virtual angle stability and transient response are both analysed, and the detailed implementation structure is also given without entailing any difficulty in practice. The analytical and experimental validation of frequency support characteristics differentiates the work from other publications on generator emulation control. The 10 kW simulation and experimental frequency sweep tests on a regenerative source test bed present good performance of the proposed control in showing inertia and droop characteristics, as well as the controllable transient response.
Inguinal Hernia Development in Very Low-Birth-Weight Infants: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Isik Dilek , Bas Ahmet , Arslan Zehra , Demirel Nihal , Unal Sezin 
Published: October 2016

Introduction The incidence and risk factors for inguinal hernia (IH) is not a thoroughly evaluated issue of preterms. Prematurity is the single most important risk factor. There exists no study in our country which reported the incidence of IH in preterms. The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence and time of diagnosis of IH in very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants.
Patients and Methods This retrospective case–control study was conducted in Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital and included discharged VLBW infants with gestational age less than 32 weeks. Control group included gender, birth weight, and gestational age matched VLBW infants without IH.
Results The incidence of IH was 10.1% in VLBW infants (70/693) and 16.1% in extremely low-birth-weight infants (19/174). Male/female ratio was found as 3.4:1. Most IH appeared as bilateral (40.0%). Time of diagnosis was 39 (37–42) weeks of postmenstrual age while 68.6% of infants were diagnosed after discharge. IH development increased by 2.3-folds by having respiratory distress syndrome and by 4.5 folds by achieving full enteral feeds on or after the 10th day.
Conclusion Preterms with respiratory distress syndrome and those reach full enteral feeding on or after the 10th day should be monitored carefully for IH development. Bearing in mind that a significant amount of IH cases exhibit symptoms after discharge, neonatologists should inform the parents of premature infants of the issue and close attention should be paid in postdischarge follow-up examinations.
Beschreibung eines mehrdimensionalen Gesundheitsprogramms für pflegende Angehörige
Authors: Hetzel C. , Baumann R. , Diekmann J. , Froböse I. 
Published: October 2016

ZusammenfassungIn der vorliegenden Arbeit wird das Konzept eines präventiv ausgerichteten Programms für pflegende Angehörige beschrieben sowie stresstheoretisch und in Qualitätskriterien eingeordnet. Das Programm kombiniert eine 4-tägige Gruppenintervention außerhalb der häuslichen Umgebung mit individueller professioneller Nachsorge vor Ort (Familiengesundheitspflege für Hochbelastete, häusliche Schulung für ein ausgewähltes Pflegethema). Es werden problem- und emotionsorientierte Strategien eingesetzt. Das Programm ist über die soziale Pflegeversicherung finanzierbar. Das 4-tägige Entlastungsangebot schließt eine Lücke in der Versorgung pflegender Angehöriger.
Community deworming alleviates geohelminth-induced immune hyporesponsiveness
Authors: Wammes Linda J. , Hamid Firdaus , Wiria Aprilianto Eddy , May Linda , Kaisar Maria M. M. , Prasetyani-Gieseler Margaretta A. , Djuardi Yenny , Wibowo Heri , Kruize Yvonne C. M. , Verweij Jaco J. , de Jong Sanne E. , Tsonaka Roula , Houwing-Duistermaat Jeanine J. , Sartono Erliyani , Luty Adrian J. F. , Supali Taniawati , Yazdanbakhsh Maria 
Published: October 2016

SignificanceChronic helminth infections are accompanied by profound immune regulation. In humans, helminth-induced immune reactivity has not been thoroughly investigated in trial settings. We assessed the effect of anthelmintic treatment on immune responses in a whole community in a placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial. We show increased immune responses to helminth-specific as well as unrelated antigens, in parallel with decreased expression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), which is a molecule involved in putting the brake on immune activation. Deworming seems to lead to decreased immunoregulation and increased immune responsiveness. These findings are of importance regarding the suboptimal vaccine responses in helminth-endemic areas and also in anticipating the future rise in inflammatory diseases when helminth infections are increasingly controlled.
Molecular lock regulates binding of glycine to a primitive NMDA receptor
Authors: Yu Alvin , Alberstein Robert , Thomas Alecia , Zimmet Austin , Grey Richard , Mayer Mark L. , Lau Albert Y. 
Published: October 2016

Significance
Glycine-activated ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) encoded in ctenophore genomes are evolutionary precursors to NMDA receptors, which play important roles in synaptic plasticity. Ctenophore iGluRs feature a distinct interdomain salt bridge in the ligand-binding domain, a molecular lock, that thus far has not been found in iGluRs of other organisms. We use a combination of crystallographic, biochemical, electrophysiological, and computational approaches to elucidate the role of this molecular lock in a ctenophore iGluR. We find that perturbations to the lock can tune receptor kinetics and thermodynamics over very broad ranges. We also find that the strategic location of the lock may be the basis for the ligand-binding domain's extraordinarily high affinity for glycine.
Civil conflict sensitivity to growing-season drought
Authors: von Uexkull Nina , Croicu Mihai , Fjelde Hanne , Buhaug Halvard 
Published: October 2016

SignificanceUnderstanding the conflict potential of drought is critical for dealing effectively with the societal implications of climate change. Using new georeferenced ethnicity and conflict data for Asia and Africa since 1989, we present an actor-oriented analysis of growing-season drought and conflict involvement among ethnic groups. Results from naive models common in previous research suggest that drought generally has little impact. However, context-sensitive models accounting for the groups’ level of vulnerability reveal that drought can contribute to sustaining conflict, especially for agriculturally dependent groups and politically excluded groups in very poor countries. These results suggest a reciprocal nature–society interaction in which violent conflict and environmental shock constitute a vicious circle, each phenomenon increasing the group’s vulnerability to the other.
The CC domain structure from the wheat stem rust resistance protein Sr33 challenges paradigms for dimerization in plant NLR proteins
Authors: Casey Lachlan W. , Lavrencic Peter , Bentham Adam R. , Cesari Stella , Ericsson Daniel J. , Croll Tristan , Turk Dušan , Anderson Peter A. , Mark Alan E. , Dodds Peter N. , Mobli Mehdi , Kobe Bostjan , Williams Simon J. 
Published: October 2016

Significance
Plants and animals use intracellular immunity receptors, known as nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs), to defend themselves against invading microbes. In this study, we report the solution structure of the N-terminal coiled-coil (CC) domain from the wheat stem rust resistance protein Sr33. Remarkably, this structure differs substantially from the published crystal structure of the equivalent region from the orthologous barley powdery mildew resistance protein MLA10. Using a structural, biophysical, and functional approach, we compare the Sr33 CC domain with other structurally defined NLR CC domains. Collectively, this work redefines our current understanding of the structure and function of plant NLR CC domains, which has significant implications for future studies into this important class of defense receptors.
RNA polymerase II senses obstruction in the DNA minor groove via a conserved sensor motif
Authors: Xu Liang , Wang Wei , Gotte Deanna , Yang Fei , Hare Alissa A. , Welch Timothy R. , Li Benjamin C. , Shin Ji Hyun , Chong Jenny , Strathern Jeffrey N. , Dervan Peter B. , Wang Dong 
Published: October 2016

Significance
Transcription addiction is a hallmark of cancer and a potential therapeutic target. RNA polymerase II (pol II) is responsible for synthesizing precursor mRNA in all eukaryotic cells and can be blocked by obstacles, such as DNA lesions and nucleosomes on the DNA template. In this study, we demonstrate that sequence-specific minor groove binding pyrrole-imidazole polyamides can sterically block an elongating polymerase at the targeted binding site. We find this blockage is persistent and cannot be rescued by transcription factor IIS. We further show pyrrole-imidazole polyamides are detected in the minor groove via two conserved residues in the Switch 1 region of pol II. Collectively, these results provide mechanistic insights on how a noncovalent minor groove binder can obstruct pol II elongation.
Prolactin alters blood pressure by modulating the activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase
Authors: Chang Albert S. , Grant Ruriko , Tomita Hirofumi , Kim Hyung-Suk , Smithies Oliver , Kakoki Masao 
Published: October 2016

Significance
Prolactin is a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that controls changes in the breast to enable milk production after the baby is born. In some mothers with pregnancy-related high blood pressure (BP), the concentration of prolactin in the blood is higher than normal, but whether this causes the high BP or is a consequence of it is uncertain. To answer this question, we have generated experimental mice that produce prolactin in the liver when we feed them a substance, indole-3-carbinol (IC3), that is found in broccoli. When fed normal chow, the mice are well, but, when fed IC3, they develop high BP and heart problems. This suggests that pregnant women with abnormally high prolactin levels may need special attention.
Transient HIV-1 Gag–protease interactions revealed by paramagnetic NMR suggest origins of compensatory drug resistance mutations
Authors: Deshmukh Lalit , Louis John M. , Ghirlando Rodolfo , Clore G. Marius 
Published: October 2016

Significance
Hydrolysis of group-specific antigen (Gag) polyprotein by protease is essential for the formation of infectious HIV-1 virions. In response to treatment with protease inhibitors, drug resistance mutations coevolve in protease and Gag, a significant number of which (known as compensatory mutations) lie outside the active site of protease and the Gag cleavage sites. We show, using paramagnetic NMR spectroscopy, that transient, sparsely populated encounter complexes are predominantly formed between the globular domains of Gag and protease at sites that correlate with the location of secondary drug resistance mutations. These results provide a structural basis for the origins of secondary mutations and suggest that transient encounter complexes play a significant role in guiding protease to the Gag cleavage sites.
Multi-semiotic resources providing maximal input in teaching science through English
Authors: Forey Gail , Polias John 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This chapter addresses the role of multimodal semiotic systems in teaching science through English as a second language. We argue that pedagogical concerns should focus on language and other semiotic choices that teachers use to scaffold their students’ learning. Through an investigation of the inter-relationship of different semiotic systems (modalities), we are able to develop models of best practice that can help inform teachers. We consider two broad educational contexts: one that is becoming more prevalent, where it may happen that English is neither the primary language for the students nor for the teachers, as in Hong Kong, and one that is commonplace in places, such as Australia, where there is a large proportion of students with English as an additional language studying in a country where English is the predominant language. We use video data from two secondary science classrooms in these two contexts to analyse how the teachers provide multiple access points to meaning and how they scaffold the learners into the disciplinary literacy of science.
miRNAmeConverter: an R/bioconductor package for translating mature miRNA names to different miRBase versions
Authors: Haunsberger Stefan J , Connolly Niamh M C , Prehn Jochen H M 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Summary
The miRBase database is the central and official repository for miRNAs and the current release is miRBase version 21.0. Name changes in different miRBase releases cause inconsistencies in miRNA names from version to version. When working with only a small number of miRNAs the translation can be done manually. However, with large sets of miRNAs, the necessary correction of such inconsistencies becomes burdensome and error-prone. We developed miRNAmeConverter, available as a Bioconductor R package and web interface that addresses the challenges associated with mature miRNA name inconsistencies. The main algorithm implemented enables high-throughput automatic translation of species-independent mature miRNA names to user selected miRBase versions. The web interface enables users less familiar with R to translate miRNA names given in form of a list or embedded in text and download of the results.

Availability and Implementation
The miRNAmeConverter R package is open source under the Artistic-2.0 license. It is freely available from Bioconductor (http://bioconductor.org/packages/miRNAmeConverter). The web interface is based on R Shiny and can be accessed under the URL http://www.systemsmedicineireland.ie/tools/mirna-name-converter/. The database that miRNAmeConverter depends on is provided by the annotation package miRBaseVersions.db and can be downloaded from Bioconductor (http://bioconductor.org/packages/miRBaseVersions.db). Minimum R version 3.3.0 is required.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Imputing gene expression to maximize platform compatibility
Authors: Zhou Weizhuang , Han Lichy , Altman Russ B 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Microarray measurements of gene expression constitute a large fraction of publicly shared biological data, and are available in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Many studies use GEO data to shape hypotheses and improve statistical power. Within GEO, the Affymetrix HG-U133A and HG-U133 Plus 2.0 are the two most commonly used microarray platforms for human samples; the HG-U133 Plus 2.0 platform contains 54 220 probes and the HG-U133A array contains a proper subset (21 722 probes). When different platforms are involved, the subset of common genes is most easily compared. This approach results in the exclusion of substantial measured data and can limit downstream analysis. To predict the expression values for the genes unique to the HG-U133 Plus 2.0 platform, we constructed a series of gene expression inference models based on genes common to both platforms. Our model predicts gene expression values that are within the variability observed in controlled replicate studies and are highly correlated with measured data. Using six previously published studies, we also demonstrate the improved performance of the enlarged feature space generated by our model in downstream analysis.

Availability and Implementation
The gene inference model described in this paper is available as a R package (affyImpute), which can be downloaded at http://simtk.org/home/affyimpute.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Improved Clinical Efficacy with Wound Support Network Between Hospital and Home Care Service
Authors: Bergersen Tone Kristin , Storheim Elisabeth , Gundersen Stina , Kleven Linn , Johnson Maria , Sandvik Leiv , Kvaerner Kari Jorunn , Ørjasæter Nils-Otto 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:
The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of a wound support network model between the primary home care service and the hospital. The impact on wound healing rate, cost benefit, and transfer of knowledge was investigated.

INTERVENTION:
The intervention group was exposed to a wound support network (n = 32), and the control group continued standard organization of treatment (n = 21).

DESIGN:
Nonrandomized controlled study; observations were made before (baseline) and after the implementation of the intervention (12 weeks).

PATIENTS:
Patients with chronic wounds (lasting >6 weeks and with wound area >1 cm2) in Oslo, Norway.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Closure of the observation wound; wound size; total number of wounds; presence of eczema, edema, and pain; number of dressings per week; time spent per dressing; and number of control appointments at the hospital. The economic impact is calculated for the hospital and for the community of Oslo, Norway.

MAIN RESULTS:
The number of control appointments (t = 3.80, P < .001) was significantly decreased, and the number of completed treatments (P = .02) was significantly increased after 12 weeks in the intervention group compared with the control group. A significant improvement was evident in the intervention group in terms of eczema (P = .02), edema (P = .03), and closing of the observational wound (46.7% cases in the intervention group versus 25.0% in the control group).

CONCLUSIONS:
A wound support network between the primary home care service and the hospital is cost-effective, improves clinical efficacy of the home care services’ work, and reduces the need for consultations at the hospital.