bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract No. : ABS1071: Comparison of three different volumes of local anaesthetics in incidence of hemi-diaphragmatic paresis in ultrasound-guided interscalane brachial plexus block -A randomised controlled trial
Authors: G Annushha Gayathri 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:
The incidence of diaphragmatic palsy following Interscalene brachial plexus block(IBPB) is almost 100% where the drug volume plays an indispensable role. This study compared the incidence of hemi-diaphragmatic paresis and success rate following IBPB using three different volumes of local anaesthetics(LA).

Methods:
Ninety patients undergoing shoulder and arm surgeries under IBPB using ultrasound were randomly allocated into three groups based on volume of LA: Group A(10ml), group B(15ml), and group C(20ml). The drug administered was 0.75% ropivacaine with 50 µg dexmedetomidine under ultrasound guidance. Diaphragm excursion was measured before and 30 minutes after the block on the side of surgery. The incidence of diaphragmatic palsy and its degree were noted. The success rate following block, the onset of sensory blockade, duration of postoperative analgesia and, adverse effects were observed in all three groups.

Results:
The demographic data, duration of surgery and success rate following block were statistically insignificant. Hemi-diaphragmatic paresis (<25%,25-75%,>75%) in group A(29,1,0), group B(17,13,0), and group C(15,8,7) was statistically significant (P-value<0.001)(figure 1). The difference in onset of sensory blockade in group A(7.06±0.73min), group B(6.23±0.72min) and group C(4.61±0.63min) was statistically significant with a P-value<0.001. The duration of postoperative analgesia in group A(440±48.42min) group B(429±44.48min), and group C(411±51.37min), was comparable (Pvalue-0.0719). Five patients in group C developed hoarseness of voice postoperatively which was managed conservatively.

Conclusion:
Lower LA volumes in ultrasound guided interscalene block is associated with lower incidence of hemi-diaphragmatic paresis with a similar success rate and duration of postoperative analgesia. Higher volume of drug yields faster onset of the sensory blockade.

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Abstract No.: ABS1132: A Comparative study of Oropharyngeal leak pressure in LMA ProtectorTM with cuff pilot vs LMA SupremeTM in paralysed patients: A prospective randomised clinical study.
Authors: Macwan Sharmy 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
Oropharyngeal leak pressure (OLP) is the pressure at which a gas leaks around the airway, higher leak pressures, betterseal. Our primary aim was to measure OLP and Secondary aims were to measure Insertion Time, Numbers of Attempts,Ease of Insertion, and Postoperative complications.

Methods:
The study was carried out in 62 adult patients of ASA I & II which were randomized into 2 groups Group S (LMA SupremeTM) and Group P (LMA ProtectorTM) (n = 31 each) based on a computerâ€‘generated random sequence table.
Respective LMA’s were inserted after general anaesthesia induction and OLP were measured at cuff pressure of 60 cmH2O in each group accordingly. Secondary Parameters such as insertion time, no of attempts of supraglottic airway devicesand gastric tube, ease of insertion were measured. Intraoperative haemodynamic parameters and postoperatively airwaymorbidity were also measured.

Results:
OLP were significantly higher (P<0.0001) for LMA Protectorâ„¢ compared to LMA Supremeâ„¢.The OLP in LMAProtectorâ„¢ group was 28.12 cmH2O (SD- 1.96) compared to 21.5 cmH2O (SD- 2.65) in LMA Supremeâ„¢ group. Insertiontime was significantly higher for the LMA Protectorâ„¢ (24.58 sec) compared to the LMA Supremeâ„¢ (16.67 sec) (P<0.0001). There were no statistically significant differences in ease of insertion, Numbers of Attempts, trauma, sorethroat, Dysphagia and Dysphonia.

Conclusion:
Oropharyngeal leak pressures were consistently higher (>5 cm H2O) for LMA Protectorâ„¢ compared to LMA Supremeâ„¢, Thus providing effective ventilation than LMA SupremeTM .
Abstract No.: ABS2092: Study of perioperative modified early obstetric warning scores among pregnancy Induced hypertensive patients posted for caesarean deliveries.
Authors: Thomas Mareena 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
This study was aimed at identifying the usefulness of Modified Early Obstetric Warning Score (MEOWS) in predicting perioperative maternal outcome in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) presenting for caesarean delivery (CD).

Methods:
A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in New Delhi, after approval by the institutional ethics committee. Data was collected using a predesigned proforma just before and 24 hours after CD, based on which the preoperative and postoperative MEOWS were determined. The mean of preoperative and postoperative MEOWS was taken as perioperative MEOWS. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value were derived and ROC analysis was done to find the discriminating power of MEOWS to predict the maternal outcome.

Results:
A total of 106 patients with PIH were analysed. A direct linear relationship was noted between increasing mean perioperative MEOWS and poor maternal outcome. A mean perioperative MEOWS â‰¥ 4.25 predicted maternal morbidity and mortality with a sensitivity of 70%, specificity of 91.86 %, positive predictive value of 66.67%, negative predictive value of 92.94 % and an accuracy of 87.74%.

Conclusion:
Our study suggested that MEOWS is a useful tool for predicting the maternal outcome in parturients with PIH presenting for CD.
Abstract No. : ABS2211
Authors: Raja Thanigai 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
Neurolytic celiac plexus block (NCPB) is a promising treatment modality apart from commonly practiced oral analgesic therapy (OAT) for pancreatic cancer pain. This study aimedto compare the efficacy of NCPB with OAT in the treatment of severe pancreatic cancer pain.

Methods:
Forty four patients with severe upper abdominal pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score ≥7/10, due to unresectable pancreatic cancer were allocated randomly and equally in either NCPB group or OAT group. Patients in NCPB group were treated with 99.99% ethanol as a neurolytic agent for celiac plexus block under computerised tomography(CT) guidance. Patients in OAT group were treated with morphine tablets given orally. Patients’ pain intensity (VAS) and opioid analgesic consumption (oral morphine equivalent (OME)) were assessed at day 1, 7 and 28 after the intervention. Oral Morphine tablets were started in the NCPB group when patients developed severe pain after the intervention.

Results:
Mean baseline VAS scores were 8.2 and 7.9 for NCPB group and OAT group, respectively. At day 1, 7 and 28, pain scores of NCPB group were significantly lower than OAT group (P<0.05), 1.4±0.7 versus 3.9±0.8, 1.7±0.6 versus 3.3±0.5 and 2.1±0.8 versus 3.0±0.7, respectively. At day 1, 7 and 28, OME (mg/day) values of NCPB group were significantly lower than OAT group (P<0.05), 8.1±0.2 versus 39.5±0.7, 12.2±0.8 versus 48.3±0.4 and 14.6±0.5 versus 57.1±0.8, respectively.

Conclusion:
CT guided NCPB is an effective treatment modality for controlling severe upper abdominal pain due to unresectable pancreatic cancer.
Abstract No. : ABS2374: Comparison of erector spinae block versus thoracic epidural anaesthesia for postoperative pain management in adult patients undergoing thoracotomy
Authors: Meka SreePooja 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
Thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) was compared with erector spinae block (ESP) for postoperative pain management in patients undergoing thoracotomy.

Methods:
A prospective, randomised clinical study was conducted. 64 patients were enroled and randomised by simple randomsampling into either group A: TEA (n=32) or group B: ESP block (n=32). Both groups received standardised general anaesthesia and continuous infusion of 0.125% bupivacaine plus 2 µg per ml fentanyl at the rate of 5 ml/hour till 48 hours postextubation.The primary outcome was to compare Visual analogue scale (VAS) for postoperative pain. Secondary outcomes included peakinspiratory flow rates, ventilator stay duration, haemodynamic parameters, adverse effects, ICU stay.Statistical analysis was performed using independent Student’s t-test. p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Group A had statistically significant higher VAS score than B at 3,6,12,24 h post-extubation. Group B had higher peak inspiratory flow rates compared with group A at 3,6,12,24,36, 48 h respectively. Duration of ICU stay was longer in group A than B. Rescue analgesia usage was higher in group A compared to group B. No adverse effects were reported in both groups.

Conclusion:
ESP block is an efficacious alternative to TEA in providing better postoperative pain management with minimal ICU stay following open thoracic surgeries.

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Abstract No.: ABS2522: Comparison of Age-Based Versus Length-Based Method Using BroselowTape for Estimating Endotracheal Tube Size in Indian Children
Authors: Khasnis Ketki 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
Using correct size ETT for paediatric intubation is important for effective ventilation.There is no single formula for estimating accurate size endotracheal tube (ETT) despite various studies. The aim of the present study wasto compare two different methods; age-based andlength-based (using Broselow tape) for estimating accurate size

Methods:
60 patients of either gender between 1”and6years age, undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia requiring endotracheal intubation with uncuffed endotracheal tube(ETT) were enroled in this study. ETT size was selected by senior anaesthesiologist as per their discretion. The ETT used was deemed to be a correct fit based on minimal air leak with peakinspiratory pressure 15cmof H2O, expired tidal volume>7 ml/kg, bilateral equal breath sounds, square wave capnograph, ETTpassing smoothly through the glottis and respiratory rate according to child’s age. The actual ETT used was compared with that predicted by age and length of the child (using Broselow tape).

Results:
Each method was tested for accuracy at predicting clinically accepted ETT size by subtracting ETT size used for each patient from size predicted by each method. Our study revealed that Broselow tape has overall correct predictability rate of 53.3% whereas age based formula has 46.6%. The ETT used was found to correlate with length (p=0.004, p<0.005 being significant).

Conclusion:
Length of child has good correlation with size of ETT to be used in Indian children. Broselow tape is an effective tool to predict ETT size and is a simple,accurate aid especially where age and weight are unknown.
Abstract No.: ABS2724: Correlation of peri-operative factors with immediate graft functions in renal transplant patients
Authors: Paighan Kalyani 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:
The number of successful transplants has increased dramatically. Very few studies have demonstrated the effect of various peri-operative factors on the immediate graft function (IGF) after transplant. This study aimed at evaluating the various peri-operative factors affecting the IGF.

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Methods:
This was a prospective observational study performed in patients undergoing renal transplant from 2018 to 2019. The recipient population was divided into two groups: group A, live donor recipients (LD), and group B, deceased donor recipients (DD). Pre-operative parameters such as patient demographics, co-morbidities, investigations, vitals, duration of dialysis, site, and frequency were noted. Patients were induced routinely. Intra-operative factors such as vitals, episode of hypotension, need for inotropes, ischemia time, and urine output were noted. The graft outcome variables such as 24-hour urine output, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, need for dialysis, haemoglobin and creatinine upto 6 months, need for intravenous immunoglobulin, and plasma exchange were noted.

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Results:
There was a significant difference in cold ischemia time (p = 0.000), immediate urine output (p = 0.016), post-operative values of haemoglobin (p = 0.03), potassium (p = 0.001), creatinine (p = 0.000), and creatinine at 1 month post transplant (p = 0.03) among both the groups. Factors such as pre-operative urea and haemoglobin affect 24 hour urine output in the DD group, whereas pre-operative urea, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and post-operative SBP, DBP, potassium, and creatinine affect 24 hour urine output in the LD group.

Conclusion:
Decreasing the cold ischemia time even in deceased donor kidneys will improve the renal function in terms of urine output, electrolytes, and creatinine.
Abstract No. : ABS2758: To assess the effect of Dexmedetomidinenebulisation on propofol requirement for induction in laparoscopic tubal ligation- Patient State Index (PSI) guided general anaesthesia
Authors: K Shruthi 
Published: September 2024

Background &Aims:
Laparoscopic tubal ligation is one of the most commonly performed sterilization procedure on a day care basis. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of dexmedetomidinenebulisation on propofol requirement for induction.

Methods:
After obtaining ethical committee clearance, A randomiseddouble blind clinical trial was performed on 40 parturients of AmericanSocietyofAnesthesiologists physical status I and II. Theywere posted for laparoscopic tubal ligation under general anaesthesia with spontaneous ventilation using I gel. They were divided into 2 groups. Group D received dexmedetomidinenebulisation 2µg/kg 20min before induction, Group P received saline nebulisation ,both groups were induced with injection propofol to maintainPatient State Index(PSI) in the range of (25-50). Consumption of propofol, heart rate , systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure and any incidence of adverse events were noted.

Results:
The demographic variables were comparable between the two groups. There was significant difference between the mean propofol dose for induction in group D and group P i.e 55.50+/-7.23 and 89+/- 6.40 respectively, with p <0.001 using Mann Whitney U test. Postoperatively, parturients were assessed with Ramsay sedation scale which was statistically not significant.

Conclusion:
Preoperative nebulisation with dexmedetomidine significantly reduces the induction dose of propofol.
Abstract No.: ABS3313: Current scenario: Knowledge of compression only life support among non-medical staff
Authors: Kerketta Carolin Smita 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:
This study intended to analyse the effectiveness of compression only life support–cardiopulmonary resuscitation (COLS–CPR) training based on knowledge acquired among non-medical staff. A Google questionnaire form was used as an interventional tool.

Methods:
The study was conducted among 300 non-medical staff. Study design: It was an interventional study where the effect of COLS–CPR training was evaluated based on the pre-training and post-training assessment score. Study participants: Security guards, ambulance drivers, and the house-keeping facility of our hospital were included in the study. Intervention: Training was conducted for 7 days through lecture, audio-visual display, and demonstration, and then, hands on session was conducted at the end of each training. The Google form questionnaire consisted of COLS meaning, rate, depth of compression, usefulness, etc.

Results:
The analysis of the questionnaire among 300 non-medical staffs was performed by IBPM software version 20 with the paired t-test. For the pre-test, questions 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, the correct answers were 82%, 20%, 15%, 5%, >80%, and <10%, respectively. In the post-test, the correct answers for post-test questions 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 were 100%, 100%, 100%, 67%, 100%, and 99.3%, respectively. A p value of <0.01 suggested that training was highly effective and made a statistically significant difference in knowledge of the participants.

Conclusion:
Among non-medical staff, this study emphasises the cognitive approach to the general perception and skill of COLS. Hence, formal refresher training and experience enhance the knowledge of CPR, which can save many lives!

COLS Google form questionnaire.

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Abstract No.: ABS3339: Effects of volume controlled and pressure controlled volume guaranteed modes of ventilation on respiratory dynamics during laparoscopic surgery in children: A prospective observational study
Authors: Vasudevan Vani 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
The aim of the study was to compare the effects of Volume controlled ventilation (VCV) and Pressure controlled volume guaranteed ventilation (PCV-VG), which delivers the target tidal volume at the lowest possible pressure, on respiratory dynamics during paediatric laparoscopic surgery.

Methods:
In this prospective observational study, 52 patients of 0-15 years were included; (n= 26) each for VCV and PCV-VG.fraction of inspired oxygen(FiO2)50%, tidal volume 6-10 ml/kg, age appropriate respiratory rate (RR) to maintain end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2) between 35-40 mm Hg, PEEP 4 cm and P-limit 10 cm above the initial peak pressure were set. Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), Plateau pressure (PlatP), expiredtidal volume (VTe)/kg, compliance (Compl), airway resistance (R), ETCO2 and saturation of O2 (SaO2)were noted after intubation, creation of pneumoperitoneum, changing position, desufflation and change of position to supine.

Results:
Demographic criteria, haemodynamic parameters, set and measured respiratory parameters at all time points were similar inboth groups. Trendelenburg position was required in 11 children in VCV and 13 in PCV-VG group. Following this, there was similar increase in PIP, PlatP, R and decrease in CompL in both groups. However, significant increase in RR was required inVCV group (percentage change in RR- â€”VCV: 3.5Â±5.01, PCV-VG : 0Â±00, p=0.039) to maintain normal ETCO2.

Conclusion:
Either VCV or PCV-VG mode of ventilation, can be used during paediatric laparoscopic surgery in supine position.However, with Trendelenburg position, PCV-VG provides a marginal advantage over VCV mode of ventilation.
Abstract No.: ABS3643: Observation and documentation of minimal cervical spine movement during intubation with The Anesthetist Society (TAS) video laryngoscope
Authors: Dave Mangal 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:
The hyperangulated shape of TAScope (The Anaesthetist Society scope) (Figure 1) videolaryngoscope enabled endotracheal intubation with minimal neck movements. To record and document the neck movements with fluoroscopy, the cervical spine movement during endotracheal intubation using TAScope Video Laryngoscope were noted.

Methods:
Video recording of intubation procedure and fluoroscopy of neck movement during endotracheal intubation were recorded and later reviewed.

Results:
During fluoroscopic visualisation intubation with TAScope video laryngoscope, showed minimal neck movements. It is thereby assumed that this will prevent any potential damage to the cervical spine and restricted neck movement patients.

Conclusion:
TA Scope can be a useful tool to prevent potential damage caused with neck movements during endotracheal intubation.

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A CASE REPORT OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS ASSOCIATED ANOPHTHALMIA IN A PRETERM INFANT
Authors: Khan Alisha Ali , Alam Md. Makhmoor , Mishra Atul , Deb Auromita 
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE:
Cytomegalovirus belongs to the family of Herpesviridae, also known as HHV-5. The ocular manifestations of congenital cytomegalovirus infection include chorioretinitis, microphthalmos/anophthalmos, keratitis, cataract and optic atrophy. Anophthalmia is a condition in which there is a complete absence of any visible globe structure, though a microphthalmic remnant or cyst maybe present.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A 20 day old preterm baby born at 35 weeks with a birth weight of 2kg presented to the Ophthalmology OPD with microcephaly. No jaundice or hepatosplenomegaly was seen. An ocular examination showed left sided anophthalmia and coloboma iris of RE. USG orbit of left side revealed an ill- defined cystic lesion within the orbital fossa. Real time-PCR done on the sample of the infant was positive for CMV virus. A CT scan was done which showed no periventricular calcification.

RESULTS:
Congenital cytomegalovirus is associated with a high incidence of eye abnormalities and this infant showed findings consistent with CMV in infants.
Gender Determination in Deciduous Pulp Tissue using Barr Bodies by Comparing Feulgen Stain, Acridine Orange, and Papanicolaou Stain
Authors: Ragunathan Yoithapprabhunath Thuckanaickenpalayam , Arumugam Aarthi , Nalliappan Ganapathy , Janardhanam Dineshshankar , Vadivel Illayaraja , Maheswaran Thangadurai 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Age, sex, stature, and ethnic background are considered a main attributes of biological identity of the individual, which are also called the “Big Four” in forensic. Human identification is of chief importance, in both legal and humanitarian purpose. Teeth can remain virtually unaffected and survive long after other soft tissue and skeletal tissues were destroyed. Hence, its implication in personal identification was gained popularity and high accuracy.

Aim and Objective:
The aim and objective of the study were to determine the reliability of gender determination from deciduous dental pulp tissue by comparing Feulgen stain, acridine orange, and Papanicolaou stain.

Materials and Methods:
This study was carried out on 25 samples, out of which 14 female teeth and 11 male teeth. The pulp was collected from the teeth undergoing pulpectomy. Then, the pulp tissue was transferred to the centrifuge tube containing Carnoy’s fixative. After centrifugation, the cells were collected and stained using Feulgen stain, acridine orange, and Papanicolaou stain.

Results:
The reliability of gender determination is significant, with the female shows 100% positive results and the male shows negative. The Papanicolaou stain shows better nuclear morphology while comparing with Feulgen and acridine orange.

Conclusion:
Hence, gender determination can be identified using deciduous dental pulp.