bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Nepal's Economic Relations with China
Authors: Prasad Uma Shankar 
Published: August 2016

Nepal has a very long historical, political, cultural and economic cooperation with China. According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), China is the country having the world's largest economy in 2014 for purchasing power parity with 17.632 trillion US dollar and second largest economy for nominal GDP. Being one of the rising Asian powers, China wants to achieve the status of global power. In this perspective, it is needed for China to win the trust of neighboring countries. China has already announced that it will pay more attention and reinforce its cooperation with its neighbors. Being a China's good neighbor, Nepal naturally wants to see China as a global power in coming years. This article analyzes some facets of Nepal's long economic relation with China. The paper concludes that although the political and economic relation between Nepal and China has very long history, the relation has not been able to enhance various economic indicators like trade, investment, tourism etc. and therefore it is needed to focus on economic endeavors between these two countries in coming days.The Journal of Development and Administrative Studies (JODAS) Vol. 23(1-2), pp. 23-32
Coagent Modified Polypropylene Prepared by Reactive Extrusion: A New Look into the Structure-Property Relations of Injection Molded Parts
Authors: Tiwary P. , Gui H. , Ferreira P. L. , Kontopoulou M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPeroxide-mediated reactive extrusion of linear isotactic polypropylene (L-PP) was conducted in the presence of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA) and triallyl trimesate (TAM) coagents, using a twin screw extruder. The resulting coagent-modified polypropylenes (CM-PP) had higher viscosities and elasticities, as well as increased crystallization temperature compared to PP reacted only with peroxide (DCP-PP). Additionally, deviations from terminal flow, and strain hardening were observed in PP modified with TAM, signifying the presence of long chain branching (LCB). The CM-PP formulations retained the modulus and tensile strength of the parent L-PP, in spite of their lower molar mass and viscosities, whereas their elongation at break and the impact strength were better. This was attributed to the finer spherulitic structure of these materials, and to the disappearance of the skin-core layer in the injection molded specimens.
SEARCHING FOR SCATTERERS: HIGH-CONTRAST IMAGING OF YOUNG STARS HOSTING WIDE-SEPARATION PLANETARY-MASS COMPANIONS
Authors: Bryan Marta L. , Bowler Brendan P. , Knutson Heather A. , Kraus Adam L. , Hinkley Sasha , Mawet Dimitri , Nielsen Eric L. , Blunt Sarah C. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We have conducted an angular differential imaging survey with NIRC2 at Keck in search of close-in substellar companions to a sample of seven systems with confirmed planetary-mass companions (PMCs) on wide orbits (>50 au). These wide-separation PMCs pose significant challenges to all three possible formation mechanisms: core accretion plus scattering, disk instability, and turbulent fragmentation. We explore the possibility that these companions formed closer in and were scattered out to their present-day locations by searching for other massive bodies at smaller separations. The typical sensitivity for this survey is ΔK ∼ 12.5 at 1″. We identify eight candidate companions, whose masses would reach as low as one Jupiter mass if gravitationally bound. From our multi-epoch astrometry we determine that seven of these are conclusively background objects, while the eighth near DH Tau is ambiguous and requires additional monitoring. We rule out the presence of >7 M
Jup bodies in these systems down to 15–50 au that could be responsible for scattering. This result combined with the totality of evidence suggests that dynamical scattering is unlikely to have produced this population of PMCs. We detect orbital motion from the companions ROXs 42B b and ROXs 12 b, and from this determine 95% upper limits on the companions’ eccentricities of 0.58 and 0.83 respectively. Finally, we find that the 95% upper limit on the occurrence rate of additional planets with masses between 5 and 15 M
Jup outside of 40 au in systems with PMCs is 54%.
ANALYZING THE LARGEST SPECTROSCOPIC DATA SET OF STRIPPED SUPERNOVAE TO IMPROVE THEIR IDENTIFICATIONS AND CONSTRAIN THEIR PROGENITORS
Authors: Liu Yu-Qian , Modjaz Maryam , Bianco Federica B. , Graur Or 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Using the largest spectroscopic data set of stripped-envelope core-collapse supernovae (stripped SNe), we present a systematic investigation of spectral properties of Type IIb SNe (SNe IIb), Type Ib SNe (SNe Ib), and Type Ic SNe (SNe Ic). Prior studies have been based on individual objects or small samples. Here, we analyze 242 spectra of 14 SNe IIb, 262 spectra of 21 SNe Ib, and 207 spectra of 17 SNe Ic based on the stripped SN data set of Modjaz et al. and other published spectra of individual SNe. Each SN in our sample has a secure spectroscopic ID, a date of V-band maximum light, and most have multiple spectra at different phases. We analyze these spectra as a function of subtype and phase in order to improve the SN identification scheme and constrain the progenitors of different kinds of stripped SNe. By comparing spectra of SNe IIb with those of SNe Ib, we find that the strength of Hα can be used to quantitatively differentiate between these two subtypes at all epochs. Moreover, we find a continuum in observational properties between SNe IIb and Ib. We address the question of hidden He in SNe Ic by comparing our observations with predictions from various models that either include hidden He or in which He has been burnt. Our results favor the He-free progenitor models for SNe Ic. Finally, we construct continuum-divided average spectra as a function of subtype and phase to quantify the spectral diversity of the different types of stripped SNe.
STATISTICALLY DETERMINED DISPERSION RELATIONS OF MAGNETIC FIELD FLUCTUATIONS IN THE TERRESTRIAL FORESHOCK
Authors: Hnat B. , O’Connell D. , Nakariakov V. M. , Sundberg T. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We obtain dispersion relations of magnetic field fluctuations for two crossings of the terrestrial foreshock by Cluster spacecraft. These crossings cover plasma conditions that differ significantly in their plasma β and in the density of the reflected ion beam, but not in the properties of the encountered ion population, both showing shell-like distribution function. Dispersion relations are reconstructed using two-point instantaneous wave number estimations from pairs of Cluster spacecraft. The accessible range of wave vectors, limited by the available spacecraft separations, extends to ≈2 × 104 km. Results show multiple branches of dispersion relations, associated with different powers of magnetic field fluctuations. We find that sunward propagating fast magnetosonic waves and beam resonant modes are dominant for the high plasma β interval with a dense beam, while the dispersions of the interval with low beam density include Alfvén and fast magnetosonic modes propagating sunward and anti-sunward.
MODELING THE RISE OF FIBRIL MAGNETIC FIELDS IN FULLY CONVECTIVE STARS
Authors: Weber Maria A. , Browning Matthew K. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Many fully convective stars exhibit a wide variety of surface magnetism, including starspots and chromospheric activity. The manner by which bundles of magnetic field traverse portions of the convection zone to emerge at the stellar surface is not especially well understood. In the solar context, some insight into this process has been gleaned by regarding the magnetism as consisting partly of idealized thin flux tubes (TFTs). Here we present the results of a large set of TFT simulations in a rotating spherical domain of convective flows representative of a 0.3 M
⊙ main-sequence star. This is the first study to investigate how individual flux tubes in such a star might rise under the combined influence of buoyancy, convection, and differential rotation. A time-dependent hydrodynamic convective flow field, taken from separate 3D simulations calculated with the anelastic equations, impacts the flux tube as it rises. Convective motions modulate the shape of the initially buoyant flux ring, promoting localized rising loops. Flux tubes in fully convective stars have a tendency to rise nearly parallel to the rotation axis. However, the presence of strong differential rotation allows some initially low-latitude flux tubes of moderate strength to develop rising loops that emerge in the near-equatorial region. Magnetic pumping suppresses the global rise of the flux tube most efficiently in the deeper interior and at lower latitudes. The results of these simulations aim to provide a link between dynamo-generated magnetic fields, fluid motions, and observations of starspots for fully convective stars.
MODELING THE Lyα FOREST IN COLLISIONLESS SIMULATIONS
Authors: Sorini Daniele , Oñorbe José , Lukić Zarija , Hennawi Joseph F. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Cosmological hydrodynamic simulations can accurately predict the properties of the intergalactic medium (IGM), but only under the condition of retaining the high spatial resolution necessary to resolve density fluctuations in the IGM. This resolution constraint prohibits simulating large volumes, such as those probed by BOSS and future surveys, like DESI and 4MOST. To overcome this limitation, we present “Iteratively Matched Statistics” (IMS), a novel method to accurately model the Lyα forest with collisionless N-body simulations, where the relevant density fluctuations are unresolved. We use a small-box, high-resolution hydrodynamic simulation to obtain the probability distribution function (PDF) and the power spectrum of the real-space Lyα forest flux. These two statistics are iteratively mapped onto a pseudo-flux field of an N-body simulation, which we construct from the matter density. We demonstrate that our method can reproduce the PDF, line of sight and 3D power spectra of the Lyα forest with good accuracy (7%, 4%, and 7% respectively). We quantify the performance of the commonly used Gaussian smoothing technique and show that it has significantly lower accuracy (20%–80%), especially for N-body simulations with achievable mean inter-particle separations in large-volume simulations. In addition, we show that IMS produces reasonable and smooth spectra, making it a powerful tool for modeling the IGM in large cosmological volumes and for producing realistic “mock” skies for Lyα forest surveys.
CATALOGS OF COMPACT GROUPS OF GALAXIES FROM THE ENHANCED SDSS DR12
Authors: Sohn Jubee , Geller Margaret J. , Hwang Ho Seong , Zahid H. Jabran , Lee Myung Gyoon 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We apply a friends-of-friends algorithm to an enhanced SDSS DR12 spectroscopic catalog, including redshift from the literature to construct a catalog of 1588

compact groups of galaxies containing 5178 member galaxies and covering the redshift range 0.01 < z < 0.19. This catalog contains 18 times as many systems and reaches 3 times the depth of the similar catalog of Barton et al. We construct catalogs from both magnitude-limited and volume-limited galaxy samples. Like Barton et al. we omit the frequently applied isolation criterion in the compact group selection algorithm. Thus the groups selected by fixed projected spatial and rest-frame line-of-sight velocity separation produce a catalog of groups with a redshift-independent median size. In contrast to previous catalogs, the enhanced SDSS DR12 catalog (including galaxies with r < 14.5) includes many systems with z ≲ 0.05. The volume-limited samples are unique to this study. The compact group candidates in these samples have a median stellar mass independent of redshift. Groups with velocity dispersion ≲100

show abundant evidence for ongoing dynamical interactions among the members. The number density of the volume-limited catalogs agrees with previous catalogs at the lowest redshifts but decreases as the redshift increases. The SDSS fiber placement constraints limit the catalog’s completeness. In spite of this issue, the volume-limited catalogs provide a promising basis for detailed spatially resolved probes of the impact of galaxy–galaxy interactions within similar dense systems over a broad redshift range.
A SEARCH FOR VERY LOW-LUMINOSITY OBJECTS IN GOULD BELT CLOUDS
Authors: Kim Mi-Ryang , Lee Chang Won , Dunham Michael M. , Evans II Neal J. , Kim Gwanjeong , Allen Lori E. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We present the results of a search for Very Low-Luminosity Objects (VeLLOs) in the Gould Belt (GB) clouds using infrared and sub-millimeter (sub-mm) data from 1.25 to 850 μm and our

(J = 1−0) observations. We modified the criteria by Dunham et al. to select the VeLLOs in the GB clouds, finding 95 VeLLO candidates, 79 of which are newly identified in this study. Out of 95 sources, 44 were detected in both sub-mm continuum and

emission and were classified as Group A (the VeLLOs), and 51 sources detected in either sub-mm emission or

emission were classified with Group B as candidate VeLLOs. We find that these VeLLOs and the candidates are forming in environments different from those of the likely VeLLOs. Seventy-eight sources are embedded within their molecular clouds, and thus are likely VeLLOs forming in a dense environment. The remaining 17 sources are located in low-level extinction regions (

) connected to the clouds, and can be either background sources or candidate substellar objects forming in an isolated mode. The VeLLOs and the candidates are likely more luminous and their envelopes tend to be more massive in denser environments. The VeLLOs and the candidates are more populous in the clouds where more YSOs form, indicating that they form in a manner similar to that of normal YSOs. The bolometric luminosities and temperatures of the VeLLOs are compared to predictions of episodic accretion models, showing that the low luminosities for most VeLLOs can be well explained by their status in the quiescent phases of a cycle of episodic mass accretion.
Rhétorique de l’engagement et liberté évangélique
Authors: Singer Christophe 
Published: August 2016

Comme association fondée largement sur le bénévolat, l’Église développe une rhétorique de l’engagement. Or celui-ci est profondément transformé par l’hypermodernité, et marqué par un langage subjectiviste qui met l’accent sur la liberté de l’individu. Comment le paradoxe d’un engagement libre peut-il être éclairé par l’Évangile, sans que l’Évangile ne se résume au discours ambiant et à ses ambiguïtés ? Quelles sont les implications pour la rhétorique ecclésiale ? Christophe Singer * propose de penser la dialectique des œuvres et de la foi dans sa radicalité paradoxale comme réponse à cette interrogation.
Transient Expression of Transgenic IL-12 in Mouse Liver Triggers Unremitting Inflammation Mimicking Human Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: Gil-Farina Irene , Di Scala Marianna , Salido Eduardo , López-Franco Esperanza , Rodríguez-García Estefania , Blasi Mercedes , Merino Juana , Aldabe Rafael , Prieto Jesús , Gonzalez-Aseguinolaza Gloria 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The etiopathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) remains poorly understood. In this study, we sought to develop an animal model of human AIH to gain insight into the immunological mechanisms driving this condition. C57BL/6 mice were i.v. injected with adeno-associated viral vectors encoding murine IL-12 or luciferase under the control of a liver-specific promoter. Organ histology, response to immunosuppressive therapy, and biochemical and immunological parameters, including Ag-specific humoral and cellular response, were analyzed. Mechanistic studies were carried out using genetically modified mice and depletion of lymphocyte subpopulations. Adeno-associated virus IL-12–treated mice developed histological, biochemical, and immunological changes resembling type 1 AIH, including marked and persistent liver mononuclear cell infiltration, hepatic fibrosis, hypergammaglobulinemia, anti-nuclear and anti–smooth muscle actin Abs, and disease remission with immunosuppressive drugs. Interestingly, transgenic IL-12 was short-lived, but endogenous IL-12 expression was induced, and both IL-12 and IFN-γ remained elevated during the entire study period. IFN-γ was identified as an essential mediator of liver damage, and CD4 and CD8 T cells but not NK, NKT, or B cells were essential executors of hepatic injury. Furthermore, both MHC class I and MHC class II expression was upregulated at the hepatocellular membrane, and induction of autoreactive liver-specific T cells was detected. Remarkably, although immunoregulatory mechanisms were activated, they only partially mitigated liver damage. Thus, low and transient expression of transgenic IL-12 in hepatocytes causes loss of tolerance to hepatocellular Ags, leading to chronic hepatitis resembling human AIH type 1. This model provides a practical tool to explore AIH pathogenesis and novel therapies.
Unsupervised HLA Peptidome Deconvolution Improves Ligand Prediction Accuracy and Predicts Cooperative Effects in Peptide–HLA Interactions
Authors: Bassani-Sternberg Michal , Gfeller David 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Ag presentation on HLA molecules plays a central role in infectious diseases and tumor immunology. To date, large-scale identification of (neo-)Ags from DNA sequencing data has mainly relied on predictions. In parallel, mass spectrometry analysis of HLA peptidome is increasingly performed to directly detect peptides presented on HLA molecules. In this study, we use a novel unsupervised approach to assign mass spectrometry–based HLA peptidomics data to their cognate HLA molecules. We show that incorporation of deconvoluted HLA peptidomics data in ligand prediction algorithms can improve their accuracy for HLA alleles with few ligands in existing databases. The results of our computational analysis of large datasets of naturally processed HLA peptides, together with experimental validation and protein structure analysis, further reveal how HLA-binding motifs change with peptide length and predict new cooperative effects between distant residues in HLA-B07:02 ligands.
Negotiating Time: Design as Historical Practice
Authors: Lin Cindy , Moon Andrew 
Published: August 2016

In North Jakarta, the bulldozed remnants of the April 11 (2016) eviction of Kampung Pasar Ikan presented a site of radical transformation and urban planning. The eviction was in part motivated by a Dutch-Indonesian alliance, to construct a 40 billion USD sea wall and reclaimed islands to prevent the city from slowly sinking. In this text we start by asking, how are people living in Pasar Ikan responding to and enacting their own futures through repair? What does repair in a landscape of complete disrepair look like? And how is history both erased and enacted in this process? We then move to West Kalimantan where a DIY drone collective makes aerial drone technology and trains groups to map land that they say is vulnerable to incursions by resource developers. We ask, how is the forest located, recognized and constituted by these and other cartographic practices? Whose time and in what time are forest boundaries set and reset by mapping techniques in West Kalimantan? How do these cartographies become artifacts that travel and influence how history is thought and practiced?
Tempe as Language: An Indonesian Village Revitalisation Mini-project
Authors: Bradley Kirsten 
Published: August 2016

In Kandangan, a village in the Temmanggung Regency (Kabupaten Temanggung) in the Province of Central Java, tempe bunguk used to be a daily food—using locally grown bunguk beans—and made in many households. But imported blocks of tempe from China made with industrially grown soy beans have slowly crept in and replaced it. As part of her food skills mapping (a part of the Spedagi Project), Francisca Callista (Siska) went searching for what used to be eaten in her village, and for those who could remember how to make it.
De l’Union européenne à la Bretagne : la traduction dans les politiques linguistiques
Authors: ar Rouz David 
Published: August 2016

Que la Bretagne se soit dotée d’une politique linguistique pourra en surprendre plus d’un. La France n’est-elle pas monolingue ? Quelles langues s’agit-il de traduire dans ce cadre ? Et surtout, pour quoi faire ? Que peut bien apporter l’analyse de la situation bretonne à la compréhension de la politique linguistique de l’Union européenne, l’organisation qui dispose à ce jour des plus grands services de traduction au monde ? Cette comparaison permet pourtant de mieux percevoir le rôle social et la valeur de la traduction professionnelle, non seulement sur le plan économique, mais aussi, et surtout, sur le plan de la communication. Car elle favorise un certain rapport à la langue, et donc à soi-même, dans l’échange et la négociation. La traduction professionnelle prend alors une place prépondérante, voire devient la politique linguistique, et c’est sa quasi-absence dans les écrits sur les politiques linguistiques qui a de quoi interpeller.
Quand « la traduction est un jeu » : métaphores ludiques dans le discours contemporain sur la traduction
Authors: Regattin Fabio 
Published: August 2016

Depuis quelques années, la métaphore suscite un intérêt croissant en traductologie. Cependant, les chercheurs se concentrent en général sur la traduction interlinguale des métaphores ou répertorient des métaphores de l’acte traductif récurrentes à un moment donné de l’histoire. Dans notre article, nous proposons plutôt l’analyse approfondie d’un seul rapprochement métaphorique (celui qui relie la traduction et le jeu) et ses occurrences dans les écrits contemporains sur la traduction. Après une discussion des concepts de « métaphore » et d’« analogie », nous présenterons une sélection d’études qui, à l’époque de la traductologie dite « scientifique », ont relié la sphère ludique et la traduction. Ces études ont été rangées dans trois catégories : traduction comme jeu, traduction comme un certain type de jeu, traduction ludique de textes ludiques ou de jeux de mots. L’exposition de ces données est suivie de leur systématisation, qui permet de répondre à la question suivante : comment des visions qui s’avèrent très différentes peuvent-elles coexister sous la même formulation de base, à savoir la métaphore prédicative « la traduction est un (type de) jeu » ?