bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Posttranslational modifications in spider silk influence conformation and dimerization dynamics
Authors: Craig H. C. , Malay A. D. , Hayashi F. , Mori M. , Arakawa K. , Numata K. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Spider silk is an archetypal biopolymer material with extreme tensile properties arising from its complex hierarchical assembly. While recent advances in sequencing have yielded abundant insights, relatively little is known concerning post-translational modifications (PTMs) in spider silk. Here, we probe the PTM landscape of dragline silk from the Jorō spider (Trichonephila clavata) using a combination of mass spectroscopy and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The results reveal a wide array of potential modifications, including hydroxyproline, phosphorylation, and dityrosine cross-links, encompassing the different spidroin constituents. Notably, the MaSp3 repetitive region displayed numerous PTMs, whereas MaSp1 and MaSp2 variants showed distinct phosphorylation patterns in its terminal domains. The N-terminal domain (NTD) phosphorylation sites were found predominantly at the dimer interface, suggesting a modulatory function with respect to its pH-driven dimerization function, a hypothesis supported by studies using phosphomimetic NTD mutants. Possible roles of phosphoserine in limiting β-sheet formation, and hydroxyproline in disrupting β-turns are also discussed.

Impact statement
Spider silk is an archetypal biomaterial that can outperform our most sophisticated artificial fibers. The secret to its mechanical properties lies in its complex hierarchical structure—encompassing the nano- to macroscales—that forms through a process of molecular self-assembly of the constituent spidroin proteins. While recent advances in "biomateriomics” have given us tremendous insights into the sequence–function relationships that determine spider silk behavior, the picture is still far from complete. One area that has received little attention is posttranslational modifications (PTMs). PTMs are ubiquitous biological phenomena that are crucial for providing dynamic control of the proteome, and effectively expand the structural and functional design space of proteins beyond that provided by the canonical amino acids. Here, we undertook a comprehensive analysis of PTMs from spider dragline silk fiber, which revealed numerous potential sites for a wide array of modifications. The results provide a fascinating window into additional layers of complexity underlying the mechanical behavior of spider silk, and suggest further avenues for creating novel, dynamically tunable, bioinspired materials.

Graphical abstract
Wielka depresja a współczesny kryzys finansowy - podobieństwa i różnice. Perspektywy dla globalizacji
Authors: Twardosz Adam 
Published: September 2024

In the 1990s and the beginning of the 21st century the world became an arena of great political and socio-economic changes. The ongoing globalisation processes and technological revolution were accompanied by unprecedented economic growth, which however came to an end with the onset of the current financial crisis, which has recently transformed into a debt crisis. The aim of the article is to present possible scenarios for the globalising world in turbulent times. A short overview of basic theories of international relations followed by a comparative analysis of the Great Depression and the current financial crisis shall enable the reader to understand the course of possible future events.
Tatarzy polscy - tożsamość kolektywna w kontekście regulacji ustawowych
Authors: Warmińska Katarzyna 
Published: September 2024

The transformations following 1989 in Poland have had a substantial impact on the situation of the country's national and ethnic communities. The last 20 years have culminated in the stabilisation of a formal and legal framework of their activities. According to the Act of 2005 on national and ethnic minorities and on regional languages, the Polish Tartars are a recognised ethnic minority. In my article I focus on the collective aspect of Polish Tartars' ethnic identity. The most important issue discussed is the impact of the Act and its statutory arrangements on the definitions of the ethnic „We" shared by the group's members. The meeting of the official identity discourse delineated by the legislation procedures with the matter of ethnicity, which is subtle in nature, may lead to a dilemma of identity and raise the question around those dilemmas as to "Who we are". The situation could also inspire reflection upon the identity assets a group holds, which in turn bring about an attempt to implement identity options that correspond with the needs and interests of the community.
Adaptando DevOps a la norma ISO 29110 a través de metodologías agiles en VSE desarrolladoras de software Colombianas
Authors: Pastrana Pardo Manuel  Alejandro , Ordoñez Erazo Hugo Armando , Cobos Lozada Carlos Alberto 
Published: September 2024

Resumen
Las pequeñas empresas de software (VSE) deben priorizar y garantizar la calidad de sus productos para competir en el mercado mundial del software. Por tanto, deben implantar prácticas de desarrollo de software que creen productos de alta calidad sin aumentar los costos. Este artículo presenta una manera de implementar lo propuesto por la norma ISO/IEC 29110 utilizando SCRUM, XP y DevOps para mejorar el proceso de desarrollo de software, detallando la realizado y los resultados de aplicarlo en siete VSE colombianas que adoptaron las recomendaciones.
Objetivo: Determinar cómo una VSE puede implementar ISO/IEC 29110 utilizando SCRUM, XP y DEVOPS para mejorar la calidad de sus productos durante el proceso de desarrollo de software.
Metodología o método: 1. Integración de SCRUM, XP y DevOps con ISO/IEC 29110, 2. Inclusión de prácticas en las áreas recomendadas por ISO/IEC 29110, 3. Aplicación de Mejoras y comparación entre el estado inicial y final.
Resultados: La propuesta es llevada a siete empresas, donde se evalúa inicialmente para cada área y categoría de calificación de la ISO/IEC 29110, seguida de un análisis de adopción e impacto para reclasificarlas.
Conclusiones: La implementación de las prácticas de los marcos ágiles aumentan el factor de competitividad de las empresas, especialmente en las VSE, brindando formas de optimizar su proceso de desarrollo para que sea menos empírico, más organizado y capaz de implementar mejores controles de calidad que garanticen mejores resultados.
Racial Bigotry in Postcolonial Literature
Authors: Akter Hasi , Rahman A.S.M. Mahbubur , Arafat Md. Lutful , Haque Md. Faisal 
Published: September 2024

This article aims to unveil the caustic reality of racial bigotry that is the root of suffering for the people of minority races. Racism is not inherently benign, but the presence of a sense of superiority, one of its defining characteristics, exacerbates the situation. The novel The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini delves at the discriminatory actions between Pashtuns and Hazaras, portraying racism as a construct that arises solely from human distinctions. This article argues that racial discrimination leads to depression, helplessness, and low self-esteem among people of the weakest races, while on the other hand, it encourages people of superior races to boast about their own rigidity and principles. Khaled Hosseini portrays a dystopian society, and the lives of its inhabitants revolve around one thing: fear of intimacy. The qualitative method is adopted to mirror the conflicts, both internal and external, that force the so-called superior and inferior races to maintain an invisible but impenetrable wall between them. This article delineates the harmful side of racial bigotry, which leads people to judge others and develop a tendency to justify destructive actions that make people's lives miserable. This article also tries to show how racial bigotry, the legacy of colonialism, has grasped the minds of the people and made them follow only the hollow principles of racism, which are seen through their behaviours and distorted thoughts.
Biomolecules of Adipose Tissue in Atherosclerotic Plaques of Men With Coronary Atherosclerosis
Authors: Garbuzova E. V. , Polonskaya Ya. V. , Kashtanova E. V. , Stakhneva E. M. , Shramko V. S. , Murashov I. S. , Kurguzov A. V. , Chernyavsky A. M. , Ragino Yu. I. 
Published: September 2024

Aim. To study metabolic molecules (adiponectin, adipsin, resistin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucagon, secretin) of adipose tissue in atherosclerotic plaques (AP) and their associations with AP instability in men with coronary atherosclerosis.Material and methods. Metabolic molecules (adipocytokines and metabolic hormones) of adipose tissue can act as enzymes, hormones or growth factors in modulating insulin resistance and lipid and glucose metabolism and indirectly influence the course of the atherosclerotic process. This study included 48 men from whom 139 coronary artery (CA) samples were collected during coronary artery bypass grafting, after obtaining the informed consent. According to the histological conclusion, 84 (60.4%) CA plaques were stable, 44 (31.7%) were unstable, and 11 histological samples had a conditionally unchanged CA intima (7.9%). The concentrations of adiponectin, adipsin, resistin, GLP-1, glucagon, and secretin were measured in AP homogenates by multiplex analysis using the Human Metabolic Hormone V3 panel (MILLIPLEX, Germany). During the study, demographic and anthropometric characteristics, medical history, and presence of chronic diseases were recorded.Results. The glucagon concentration in the conditionally unchanged intima was 16.7% lower and in the fragments of unstable atherosclerotic plaques 41.2% lower than in fragments of stable APs. However, the glucagon concentration in stable APs was 28% higher than in unstable APs. The secretin concentration in the conditionally unchanged intima was also lower than in stable APs by 41.2%, while in stable APs, the secretin concentration was 20% higher than in unstable APs. The adiponectin concentrations were directly correlated with serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations (r=0.286; p=0.002), while the secretin concentrations were inversely correlated with serum HDL-C concentrations (r= –0.199; p=0.038). The probability of having an unstable AP (in relation to conditionally unchanged intima) increases by 35.8% with an increase in the AP glucagon concentration by 1 pg/mg protein. The probability of having a stable AP (in relation to unchanged intima) increases by 29.4% with an increase in the AP glucagon concentration by 1 pg/mg protein and by 10.1% with an increase in the AP secretin concentration by 1 pg/mg protein.Conclusion. The AP adiponectin concentration directly correlates and the AP secretin concentration inversely correlates with the serum concentration of HDL-C. The presence of both stable and unstable APs is directly associated with the AP glucagon concentration in men with coronary atherosclerosis. The AP secretin concentration is directly associated with plaque stability in men with coronary atherosclerosis. Further thorough study of the identified markers in atherosclerotic lesions will allow using them as potential targets for therapy.
Aquisição e Manutenção do Comportamento Operante
Authors: Debert Paula , Benvenuti Marcelo 
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo tem por objetivo caracterizar de forma breve e introdutória a aquisição e manutenção do comportamento operante na perspectiva da Análise Experimental do Comportamento. Ao longo dessa caracterização, inicialmente, são destacados os problemas advindos da oposição que se costuma assumir entre aquisição e manutenção do comportamento. Em seguida, são apresentados os esquemas de reforçamento mais simples com foco nos três passos sugeridos por Ferster e Skinner (1957) para uma adequada análise dos esquemas de reforçamento: (1) descrição formal dos esquemas de reforçamento; (2) descrição dos desempenhos gerados por cada um desses esquemas; e (3) análise mais geral do porquê um dado esquema gera um dado desempenho. Por fim, alguns estudos sobre esquemas de reforçamento em contextos mais complexos são brevemente abordados. Conclui-se que, para compreender o comportamento humano de forma mais completa, é necessário avançar no terceiro passo da análise proposta por Ferster e Skinner (1957), considerando a multideterminação dos desempenhos gerados por esquemas sem deixar de lado a ênfase na importância do complexo papel das consequências na seleção dos comportamentos. Palavras-chave: aquisição, manutenção, esquemas de reforçamento.
Contracontrole: definição, caracterização e implicações políticas
Authors: Neto João Manoel Rodrigues , Bruno Giulia Cândido 
Published: September 2024

O conceito de contracontrole, apesar de sua relevância para discussões sociais e políticas na psicologia, foi pouco sistematizado pela área (DelPrato, 2002; Bruno, 2023). Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar tal conceito e possíveis análises políticas que partem de seus desdobramentos. O controle do comportamento humano, especialmente em contingências sociais, frequentemente envolve o uso do controle aversivo, principalmente situações hierárquicas e desequilibradas, em que seja marcada a diferença de poder entre controlador e controlados, contexto ao qual o uso do conceito de contracontrole deve ser restringido (Sá, 1985). Contracontrole é definido como um comportamento cuja função é reforçamento negativo, com duas características que o diferem: a) o estímulo antecedente deve ser uma estimulação aversiva social e b) o organismo se comporta em oposição ao controle vigente (DelPrato, 2002); complementa-se que contracontrole também pode estar sob controle antecedente de contingências exploratórias (Sá, 1983). Assim, o contracontrole é ponto central na discussão sobre liberdade, visto que, quando efetivo, resulta num balanceamento entre forças sociais. Portanto, como conceito fundamental para tal, apresentou-se três exemplos de análises e utilizações políticas possíveis do contracontrole: o feminismo, a participação social nas políticas públicas e o abolicionismo penal. Ao considerar as implicações sociais da compreensão do conceito de contracontrole e a dificuldade de comunicação didática entre analistas do comportamento e membros de movimentos sociais, destaca-se a importância da adaptação da linguagem e do diálogo constante entre grupos interessados na transformação social. Palavras-chave: Contracontrole; Análise do Comportamento; Coerção; Política.
Firms’ digital transformation and e-human resource management. A qualitative approach
Authors: Escribá-Carda Naiara , Redondo-Cano Ana , Escribá-Moreno Mª Ángeles 
Published: September 2024

In recent years, digital transformation processes have been gaining relevance. However, not all companies are achieving the same degree of transformation. The presence of barriers and enablers plays a significant role in this process. Furthermore, the extent of digital transformation also impacts how human resources (HR) policies are deployed and influences the effect they have on employees. This work aims to understand how the digital transformation process is occurring from a qualitative approach. Specifically, this study analyzes the main drivers and barriers of firms' digitalization, as well as its effects on companies, people, and human resource practices. Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants in three companies to gain an in-depth insight into the research problem. ATLAS.ti was used for data analysis and coding. Results show the presence of barriers and facilitators documented in existing literature. However, our results reveal that the business size and the firm's main activity are important variables that affect the extent of digital transformation. The study also reveals the benefits of digitalization in terms of efficiency and human resource autonomy (flexibility, work-life balance). Likewise, the findings unveil the negative consequences of digitalization.
Ambiguïtés de l'oikonomia dans la pensée pratique d'Aristote
Authors: Murgier Charlotte 
Published: September 2024

L’oikonomia dans les Éthiques d’Aristote apparaît tantôt subordonnée à la politique (EN I 1), tantôt sur le même plan que cette dernière (EE I 5, EN VI 8) en tant que déclinaison de la sagesse pratique. Comment concilier ces deux descriptions de son statut ? Pour tenter de résoudre cette question, on se penchera sur le traitement détaillé de l’oikonomia au livre I de la Politique, d’où ressortent deux conclusions. D’abord que l’oikonomia est non seulement nécessaire pour vivre, mais aussi utile pour bien vivre. Ensuite que, quel que soit son souci de distinguer une forme légitime de chrématistique d’une mauvaise, et de restreindre autant que possible cette forme légitime à l’exploitation des ressources naturelles, Aristote demeure assez évasif sur les conditions et les moyens de l’acquisition des richesses, pourtant indispensable à l’exercice des vertus, préférant valoriser dans l’oikonomia la dimension de l’usage sur celle de l’acquisition.
Etnografía del Turismo social en España como política de bienestar: de la boina al maquillaje
Authors: GÓMEZ MARTÍNEZ MARÍA ROSA 
Published: September 2024

En plena transición política y económica española, el nuevo gobierno de Adolfo Suárez emprende un complejo proceso de homologación democrática con la Europa liberal. En una España todavía afectada por la crisis del petróleo se inicia una difícil carrera para la construcción de un Estado de Bienestar inspirado en el modelo francés o alemán. Esta coyuntura política y económica explica que una de las primeras acciones tenga como objetivo la población de “personas mayores” con la creación, en 1978, del INSERSO y de los primeros programas de vacaciones en Benidorm e Islas Baleares. El objetivo del presente artículo es plantear una aproximación a esta estrategia política y social desde la etnografía, valorando esta iniciativa como nueva expectativa económica y cultural para el corredor mediterráneo, así como instrumento diferente de vertebración demográfica para las venideras generaciones de jubilados y jubiladas en los años 80 y 90 del siglo XX.
Palabras clave: personas mayores; turismo social; IMSERSO; políticas de bienestar; España.
L’utilisation de la dimension culturelle comme vecteur de compétitivité et d’attractivité touristique du territoire
Authors: SELKANI IKRAME 
Published: September 2024

La compétitivité d’un territoire repose sur la panoplie d’avantages spécifiques, construisant un avenir particulier aux différents acteurs du territoire permettant à celui-là de coexister, de coopérer et de multiplier les efforts pour un avenir meilleur. (Ba., et al, 2010). Le festival « Alegria » (Chefchauen, Maroc) a été créé en 2004, tout en s’orientant vers le mouvement de la sauvegarde et la valorisation du patrimoine de la ville. En tentant compte de la richesse culturelle, le festival en question est un évènement ouvert à la culture du monde, vu que Chefchaouen est une ville de diversité, des valeurs du bon voisinage et de l’interaction culturelle.
Mots- clés : Culture, Territoire, Patrimoine, Diversité, Attractivité, Tourisme culturel.
Direct Evidence of a Major Merger in the Perseus Cluster
Authors: Jee M. , HyeongHan Kim , Lee Wonki , Zuhone John , Zhuravleva Irina , Kang Wooseok , Hwang Ho Seong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Although the Perseus cluster has often been regarded as an archetypical relaxed galaxy cluster, several lines of evidence including ancient, large-scale cold fronts, asymmetric plasma morphology, filamentary galaxy distribution, etc., provide a conflicting view of its dynamical state, suggesting that the cluster might have experienced a major merger. However, the absence of a clear merging companion identified to date hampers our understanding of the evolutionary track of the Perseus cluster consistent with these observational features. In this paper, through careful weak lensing analysis, we successfully identified the missing subcluster halo (M200 = 1.70+0.73-0.59×1014 M⊙) at the >5σ level centered on NGC1264, which is located ~430 kpc west of the Perseus main cluster core. Moreover, a significant (>3σ) mass bridge, which is also traced by the cluster member galaxies, is detected between the Perseus main and sub clusters, which serves as direct evidence of gravitational interaction. With idealized numerical simulations, we demonstrate that a ~3:1 off-axis major merger can create the cold front observed ~700 kpc east of the main cluster core and generate the observed mass bridge through multiple core crossings.
Estimation of unconfined compressive strength of stabilized sandy soil with Natural pozzolanic geopolymer using artificial neural networks algorithm
Authors: Bojdi Mehran , Toufigh Mohammad Mohsen , Toufigh Vahid 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The main purpose of this research is to analyze the ability of artificial neural network algorithm to estimate the unconfined compressive strength parameter of poor sand stabilized with Natural pozzolanic geopolymer. Due to the importance of sandy soil in engineering projects, this type of soil has been used. The nature of this soil is poor, first it is stabilized using geopolymer. To predict the desired parameter, the artificial neural network method was used. For the construction of the networks, 140 samples obtained from the laboratory were used. Three artificial neural networks are trained and analyzed, multilayer perceptron and cascade with Levenberg-Marquart, Bayesian regularization and gradient descent, radial basis function. After the construction and implementation of the artificial neural networks, their performance was studied and analyzed based on MSE parametric criteria and linear regression. Different networks were able to predict UCS with different accuracies. It was observed that RBF artificial neural network is more accurate in predicting this parameter. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was performed between the input parameters. Sensitivity analysis showed that treatment period plays the most important role in predicting UCS using artificial neural network.
Identification and complete genome sequence analysis of the pathogen causing mango bacterial dry rot
Authors: Liu Feng , He Zhongqin , Xie Xiaona , Ouyang Qiufei , He Hong , Zhu Zhengjie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Mango bacterial dry rot has become an increasingly serious issue in the mango-producing regions of Guangdong, China, leading to dry and necrotic leaves and branches. In order to identify the causal agent of this disease and determine its taxonomic status, the causative bacteria were isolated and characterized through pathogenicity tests, morphological observations, culture feature assessments, 16S rRNA gene sequence assays, and complete genome sequencing. The results revealed that the causal agent belongs to Sphingomonas sanguinis. The pathogenic bacterium, strain NY01, is gram-negative, forms a yellow lawn, has a rod-shaped structure with a cell size of approximately 0.7 to 1.4 µm, and possesses a single polar flagellum with slow motility. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain NY01 showed 99% sequence identity with Sphingomonas sanguinis. Strain NY01 has an optimal growth temperature of 28°C and can tolerate a salinity range of 0.1–3.0%. It is capable of utilizing glucose for energy under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The complete genome of strain NY01 consists of one chromosome (3,280,800 bp) and three plasmids (275,887 bp, 143,601 bp, and 37,326 bp), containing 3,593 predicted genes, 59 transfer RNA (tRNA) sequences, and 12 rRNA sequences. This study clarified the taxonomic status of the pathogenic bacteria, analyzed the biological characteristics of the pathogenic bacteria, and explored pathogenic factors. These findings can serve as a theoretical basis for understanding the occurrence and progression of the disease, as well as for implementing effective prevention and control measures.