bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endovascular thrombectomy versus medical management for patients with large vessel stroke and infective endocarditis
Authors: Chen Huanwen , Colasurdo Marco , Khunte Mihir , Malhotra Ajay , Gandhi Dheeraj 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThe safety and efficacy of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for large vessel occlusion (LVO) strokes associated with infective endocarditis (IE) compared with medical management (MM) is unclear.MethodsIn this nationwide analysis of hospitalizations in the United States, we assessed the outcomes of EVT versus medical management (MM) for patients with LVO and IE. Primary outcome was routine home discharge with self-care. Secondary outcomes include home discharge, in-hospital mortality, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to adjust for confounders. Additional multivariable adjustments were performed for doubly robust analyses.Results2574 patients were identified; 656 (25.5%) received EVT. After PSM, the rate of routine discharge was significantly higher for patients with EVT compared with MM (14.6% vs 8.5%, p=0.021), and patients with EVT had significantly higher rate of home discharge (34.5% vs 26.5%, p=0.041), lower rate of in-hospital death (14.8% vs 25.2%, p=0.002), and lower rate of ICH (15.8% vs 23.1%, p=0.039). EVT was not associated with a different rate of SAH compared with MM (11.2% vs 7.9%, p=0.17). These associations remained unchanged with additional multivariable adjustments.ConclusionFor patients with LVO stroke and IE, EVT was associated with significantly higher odds of favorable hospitalization outcomes and lower odds of ICH compared with MM.
Case 333
Authors: Krishnan Venkatram , Rana Abhilasha , Nix James , Damalcheruvu Prashanth 
Published: September 2024

History A 61-year-old male patient without prior history of ophthalmologic problems presented with pain and redness in the left eye associated with slowly progressive proptosis over the previous 6 months. The patient also had diplopia in rightward and downward gaze. There was no vision loss. Mild fullness was seen in the periorbital tissues without any redness or fluctuance and with no purulent discharge from the left eye. The patient was otherwise healthy, with a 6-year history of diabetes mellitus and an 8-year history of hypertension managed well with medication. There was no history of trauma to the head or face. At clinical examination, conjunctival edema and redness with proptosis were noted. The cornea was clear. Evaluation of eye movements revealed restricted motion of the left eye in medial gaze and downward gaze. Ophthalmoscopic evaluation did not show any substantial abnormality. The retina and retinal vascularity were unremarkable. The right eye was unremarkable. Uncorrected visual acuity was 20/30 in the right eye and 20/40 in the left eye. Corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Complete blood cell count, as well as liver and kidney function test results, were within normal limits. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level were normal. Thyroid function test results were normal. The patient subsequently underwent CT of the orbits without and with contrast enhancement ( Fig 1 ) followed by further evaluation with MRI of the orbits without and with contrast enhancement ( Figs 2 – 4 ).
2024 AHA/ACC/ACS/ASNC/HRS/SCA/SCCT/SCMR/SVM Guideline for Perioperative Cardiovascular Management for Noncardiac Surgery: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Thompson Annemarie , Fleischmann Kirsten E. , Smilowitz Nathaniel R. , de las Fuentes Lisa , Mukherjee Debabrata , Aggarwal Niti R. , Ahmad Faraz S. , Allen Robert B. , Altin S. Elissa , Auerbach Andrew , Berger Jeffrey S. , Chow Benjamin , Dakik Habib A. , Eisenstein Eric L. , Gerhard-Herman Marie , Ghadimi Kamrouz , Kachulis Bessie , Leclerc Jacinthe , Lee Christopher S. , Macaulay Tracy E. , Mates Gail , Merli Geno J. , Parwani Purvi , Poole Jeanne E. , Rich Michael W. , Ruetzler Kurt , Stain Steven C. , Sweitzer BobbieJean , Talbot Amy W. , Vallabhajosyula Saraschandra , Whittle John , Williams Kim Allan 
Published: September 2024

AIM:
The “2024 AHA/ACC/ACS/ASNC/HRS/SCA/SCCT/SCMR/SVM Guideline for Perioperative Cardiovascular Management for Noncardiac Surgery” provides recommendations to guide clinicians in the perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and management of adult patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.

METHODS:
A comprehensive literature search was conducted from August 2022 to March 2023 to identify clinical studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from MEDLINE (through PubMed), EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline.

STRUCTURE:
Recommendations from the “2014 ACC/AHA Guideline on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Management of Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery” have been updated with new evidence consolidated to guide clinicians; clinicians should be advised this guideline supersedes the previously published 2014 guideline. In addition, evidence-based management strategies, including pharmacological therapies, perioperative monitoring, and devices, for cardiovascular disease and associated medical conditions, have been developed.
Escape to Judaism: Levinas’s First Steps toward Becoming a Jewish Thinker
Authors: Perelsztejn Niv 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper recontextualizes Emmanuel Levinas’s intellectual journey of the 1930s, focusing on his first philosophical and Jewish writings and his initial criticism of Martin Heidegger. It demonstrates Levinas’s philosophical transformation using newly discovered texts alongside published writings. These texts illustrate the early stage of his philosophical development and its connection to his first involvements with Jewish thought. An English translation of a newly discovered radio talk Levinas gave in 1937 is appended. This lecture enables a glimpse into the historical and philosophical context of the journey taken by a young immigrant Jewish philosopher in the intellectual scene of 1930s Paris.
Master with the lion head in a shield: A new attribution of the ornamental cup of Veere (c. 1547-1548)
Authors: Schonkeren Hanne 
Published: September 2024

The city hall of Veere, in the Dutch province of Zeeland, preserves an extraordinary fire-gilded silver ornamental cup on foot. This precious object, depicting Maximilian of Egmont (1509-1548) crossing the river Rhine and arriving with his troops in Ingolstadt, was made circa 1547-1548 to commemorate the Battle of Mühlberg (1547) and to honor Maximilian’s pivotal role in the victory. His cousin Maximilian of Burgundy (1514-1558) inherited the cup in 1548, and, in turn, donated it to the city of Veere. The cup’s ceremonial status continued through the centuries and is presented to the Dutch monarchs during official city visits to this day. Yet, despite its cultural significance, the place of production, atelier, and particular silversmith has long been a topic of debate. Notably, the cup of Veere lacks hallmarks – a quality label for the technical skills and the correct alloy, which indicates a date, provenance, and master. Neither is the piece mentioned in any known archival records.
Therefore, previous scholarly attributions of the cup to a specific city, atelier, or maker, relied mostly on stylistic features. This article, however, examines the making process and techniques used, revealed by the dismantling of the piece in 2018. Detailed technical examination of cast elements and chased decoration have uncovered the signature moves of the maker. The stem of the cup is adorned with cast lion heads and is composed of a chased fruit basket. Identical elements are identified in the so-called Founders’ cup (Emmanuel College, University of Cambridge), which bears the Antwerp hallmark of the years 1541-1542 and a master stamp depicting a lion’s head in a shield.
Comparative analysis and up-close visual inspection offer a new perspective on the making process of the cup of Veere, proposing Antwerp as its production place, and assigning the anonymous ‘Master with the lion head in a shield’ as the maker of the cup. In putting forward this case study of early modern gold and silverware, it also demonstrates the key role that research on craftsmanship and technique may play in reaching definitive conclusions regarding the origin of significant objects.
Lawrence Alma-Tadema and the nineteenth-century 'periode eye': Classical sources for his Entrance of the theatre (1866) and An exedra (1869)
Authors: Arbós Joan Mut I 
Published: September 2024

The Anglo-Dutch artist Lawrence Alma-Tadema (1836-1912) is known for being one of the leading representatives of historical genre painting. His paintings are often set in antiquity that usually transmits a peaceful atmosphere, although they also regularly refer to classical sources that include critical messages. Two key works of Alma-Tadema’s Pompeian period are Entrance of the theatre (1866) and An exedra (1869). These works are paradigmatic of the artist’s in-depth knowledge of classical civilization. He seemed obsessed with the historical accuracy of his paintings, which can be partly explained by the fact that general education at the time was steeped in the classics, and the public’s appreciation of his paintings must have been directly related to what was taught at school.
Through a detailed analysis in conjunction with contemporary critical reviews, the author intends to reconstruct the nineteenth-century perspective on Alma-Tadema’s work. The question is how his contemporaries may have viewed his paintings, and how the concept of the ‘period eye’, developed by Baxandall, can be of use. It turns out that, with access to these classical sources, Entrance of the theatre becomes a scathing critique of the vanity and conceit of the wealthy class. Alma-Tadema’s reference to Terence’s comedy Andria convincingly complements a social criticism depicted through a public scene at the entrance of the Small Theatre in Pompeii.
Additionally, the inscriptions and monuments that were associated with the famous family of the Holconians in particular, and theatrical patronage in Pompeii in general, must have been of particular interest to Alma-Tadema. This also emerged in An exedra, a scene around a tomb at the Via dei Sepolcri in Pompeii. The result is an image that, beyond a casual daily image from antiquity, also aims to show social injustice through the lost gaze of the enslaved person.
These paintings show how Lawrence Alma-Tadema was capable of making numerous references, by layering several meanings and suggestions taken from antiquity. They also constitute a clear example of how he used and combined all his knowledge of classical architecture and fashion available at the time, to elaborate a pictorial narrative that pointed to the core of historical reconstruction.
Isocrates’ Political Science
Authors: Kontos Pavlos 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article argues that despite Aristotle’s criticism of him, Isocrates does not actually hold the belief that political science, or universal knowledge of practical affairs, is impossible. When he appears to express this view, he is using hyperbole to distinguish himself from his adversaries. In reality, while he certainly underscores the significance of particular cases and doxa, he also claims to possess insights into universal principles concerning politics. He does so on the ground of philosophical arguments characterized by their consistency, sophistication, and substantive nature. These arguments are robust enough to be structured into a coherent system of principles akin to a political science in the Aristotelian sense of the term – although Isocrates himself never elaborated this science in a clear and systematic manner. The objective of this article is twofold: first, to defend this unconventional interpretation of Isocrates’ political speeches, and second, to offer a systematic analysis of the implicit political science within them.
Bias Defended
Authors: Kelly Thomas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper, I clarify and defend some of the central ideas of Bias in response to commentators, with a special focus on the theme of skepticism. In response to Michael Veber, I defend the project of offering a modest as opposed to an ambitious response to the skeptic. In response to Jonathan Matheson, I defend my account of the way in which bias attributions function in contexts of interpersonal disagreement, as well as the claim that an unbiased believer will generally be in a stronger position to resist skeptical pressure from disagreement than a biased believer. In response to Brett Sherman, I clarify the way in which my account of bias accommodates the phenomenon of biased suspension of judgment, and I explore some of the connections between bias, suspension of judgment, and skepticism. In response to Jared Celinker and Nathan Ballantyne, I defend the possibility of emergent biases.
Clinical Outcomes After Innovative Multipoint Impedance-Controlled Radiofrequency Ablation of the Posterior Nasal Nerve for Treatment of Chronic Rhinitis
Authors: Davis Greg E. , Ow Randall A. , Yen David M. , O’Malley Ellen M. , Del Signore Anthony G. 
Published: September 2024

Objective: Chronic rhinitis substantially impacts a person’s quality of life. We evaluated a novel, multipoint, impedance-controlled, radiofrequency ablation device for the treatment of chronic rhinitis. Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter, single-arm clinical study of posterior nasal nerve ablation in adults with chronic rhinitis. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change in reflective Total Nasal Symptom Score (rTNSS) at 6-month follow-up. Additional assessments included the Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire (ETDQ-7), Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE), and mini-Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (mini-RQLQ). The primary safety endpoint was the incidence of related serious adverse events. Results: Seventy-nine of 80 enrolled participants completed 6-month follow-up. Statistically significant improvements were observed for mean change in rTNSS (−4.2), ETDQ-7 (−1.2), NOSE (−33.5), and mini-RQLQ (−1.8; P < .0001 for all). Allergic and nonallergic rhinitis subgroups demonstrated significant improvement in all assessments ( P < .0001) with no significant differences between subgroups. Higher baseline rTNSS was associated with greater improvements at follow-up. One serious adverse event of epistaxis was reported. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate the efficacy and safety of a multipoint, impedance-controlled, radiofrequency ablation device for the treatment of chronic rhinitis. Significant improvements were observed in rTNSS, ETDQ-7, NOSE, and mini-RQLQ assessments. Study registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier NCT05591989.
The ‘Primeless Pump’: A Novel Technique for Intraoperative Blood Conservation
Authors: Rousou J. A. , Engelman R. M. , Flack J. E. , Deaton D. W. , Garb J. L. , Owen S. G. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose: Hemodilution during cardiopulmonary bypass may lead to anemia requiring intraoperative transfusions. Prime removal from the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit was used to limit dilution and intraoperative transfusions. Methods: The technique of prime removal consists of arterial and then venous side evacuation of crystalloid prior to cardiopulmonary bypass. The effectiveness of this technique, to maintain a higher hematocrit and reduce intraoperative transfusions, was studied prospectively in two consecutive groups of patients undergoing coronary revascularization (controls versus primeless). Results: Intraoperative hematocrits were significantly higher ( P < 0.0001) and transfusions lower (4%) in the primeless versus the control group (19%) ( P = 0.003). Prime removal is of particular benefit in anemic (hematocrit ≤ 35%) and/or small patients (body surface area ≤ 2 m2). Conclusion: The technique of prime removal is simple, safe and cost-effective, reducing intraoperative transfusions, especially in small and/or anemic patients. It could be part of blood conservation strategies in most adult cardiac operations.
Inflammatory Pseudotumor of Carotid Artery: A Case Report
Authors: Kim G.-E. , Cho Y.-P. , Chung D.-H. , Kwon T.-W. , Kim O.-J. 
Published: September 2024

Inflammatory pseudotumor is an uncommon round and spindle cell proliferative lesion of unknown etiology that occurs most commonly in the lung. But it also occurs in diverse extrapulmonary locations such as the abdomen, retroperitoneum, pelvis, heart, head and neck, upper respiratory tract, trunk, bladder and extremities. The extrapulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor is often larger, less well circumscribed and multinodular. Proximity of the tumor to vital structures or involvement of vital organs compromises the opportunity for complete resection, thus higher recurrence rates are often reported even after surgical treatment. The authors report a case of inflammatory pseudotumor originating from the common carotid artery in a 42-year-old female patient with a rapidly growing neck mass, treated by en-bloc resection of inflammatory pseudotumor and a long segment of common carotid artery followed by PTFE graft interposition.
The Pharmacokinetics of a Single Dose of Gentamicin (4 mg/kg) as Prophylaxis in Cardiac Surgery Requiring Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Lewis D. R. , Longman R. J. , Wisheart J. D. , Spencer R. C. , Brown N. M. 
Published: September 2024

Background: Cardiopulmonary bypass has complex effects on drug pharmacokinetics, which is important when considering the use of once-daily aminoglycoside regimens during cardiac surgery. Aim: To study the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of gentamicin (4 mg/kg). Patients and methods: Nine patients undergoing valve replacement surgery were given a single dose of gentamicin (4 mg/kg) at induction of anaesthesia and blood was taken for assay at 0, 0.5. 1. 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6, 10, 16, 22 and 24 h following administration. The mean (range) gentamicin Cmax was 18.7 (12.4–26.3) mg/litre. Three patients had concentrations of gentamicin after 24 h of > 1 mg/litre. During cardiopulmonary bypass, the mean (range) gentamicin half-life (tt/2) was 5.1 (2.0–15.1) h and post-bypass the t1/2 was 7.1 (3.0–13.9) h. Conclusion: There is significant correlation between the elimination t1/2 and length of cardiopulmonary bypass ( r = 0.89, P < 0.01). These results suggest that gentamicin excretion is delayed following cardiopulmonary bypass so that with dose regimens of < 4 mg/kg there is a risk of toxicity
Gelseal® Versus Gelweave® Dacron Prosthetic Grafts in the Descending Thoracic Aorta: A Two-Year Computed Tomography Scan Follow-Up Study
Authors: Mattens E. , Engels P. , Hamerlijnck R. , Kelder J. , Schepens M. , de Valois J. , Vermeulen F. , Wijers L. 
Published: September 2024

Background: In the abdominal aorta, the use of knitted rather than woven dacron prostheses has shown an early and slow late dilation. The dilation of woven versus knitted dacron prostheses in the thoracic aortic position has not yet been investigated. Method: From 1992, 25 patients entered a prospective study: 13 Gelweave® and 12 Gelseal® prostheses (diameter 18–26 mm) were implanted in the descending thoracic aorta. Computed tomography (CT) scans without contrast-enhancement were performed 2 weeks, and 1 and 2 years postoperatively. The full length of the grafts was scanned and the diameter was measured in mm measured at a level outside the areas of intercostal artery reimplantation. Patient determinants analysed were age, hypertension and implantation diameter of the grafts. The Gelseal group had a mean age of 63.7 years and seven were males. The Gelweave group had a mean age of 67.8 years and seven were males. Results: The mean implantation diameters were 19.6 ± 1.7 mm and 22.0 ± 2.7 mm ( P = 0.02) for the Gelseal and Gelweave grafts, respectively. On the CT-scans at 2 weeks postoperatively, the diameter had increased by 18.8 ± 4.8% ( P = 0.0001) in the Gelseal and by 5.7 ± 6.4% ( P = 0.007) in the Gelweave grafts. This difference in diameter at 2 weeks between the two prostheses was significant ( P < 0.00001). At 1 year the diameter had increased by 28.4 ± 5.2% ( P = 0.0001) and by 8.4 ± 4.6% ( P = 0.0003) for the Gelseal and Gelweave grafts, respectively, compared with the implantation diameter. The increase in diameter between the postoperative values at 2 weeks and those at 1 year was statistically significant in the Gelseal grafts ( P = 0.0002) but not in the Gelweave grafts ( P = 0.56). At 2 years an increase in diameter by 31.4 ± 5.2% ( P = 0.0001) and by 7.4 ± 7.1% ( P = 0.014) for the knitted and woven prosthetic grafts, respectively, was noted compared with the initial implantation diameter. The increase in diameter between the CT measurements at 2 weeks and those at 2 years was statistically significant in the Gelseal group ( P = 0.001) but not in the Gelweave group ( P = 0.86). The difference in this late increase in diameter between the two implanted grafts was also significant ( P < 0.005). Age, hypertension and initial diameter did not appear to be significant determinants. Conclusion: In contrast to the Gelseal prosthesis in the descending aorta, the Gelweave prosthesis does not show any late dilation.
Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Webb T. H. , Williams G. M. 
Published: September 2024

Aneurysms that extend from the descending thoracic aorta into the abdomen and also those that involve the visceral segments of the upper abdominal aorta are traditionally classified as thoracoabdominal. Besides the surgical exposure difficulties associated with repair of these aneurysms, the temporary interruption of renal, splanchnic, and perhaps even spinal cord flow introduces a number of potential complications that makes surgical repair of these aneurysms a daunting task. The exact incidence of thoracoabdominal aneurysms is unknown, but population studies suggest a prevalence at least a log fold less than the more common infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm. The poor prognosis of nonsurgically treated aneurysmal disease of the descending thoracic and abdominal aortas has been reasonably well established. Few patients with thoracoabdominal aneurysms survive beyond five years as a result of not only aneurysm rupture but also death from advanced co-morbid medical disease. Since the first successful report of thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair over 40 years ago, a number of remarkable contributions have been made in the field. These advances have led to a significant decline in operative mortality as well as procedure related morbidity. Spinal cord ischemia remains a perplexing and devastating complication following thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair. A number of surgical adjuncts have been developed over the years to reduce the incidence of cord ischemic complications, yet a great deal of controversy still exists with regards to the optimal protective strategy. A description of the incidence, natural history, and classification of thoracoabdominal aneurysms, along with associated repair techniques centered on reducing spinal cord ischemic complications will form the basis for this review.