bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Clubfoot Using the Ponseti Method
Authors: Dietz Frederick R. , Noonan Kenneth 
Published: August 2016

The Ponseti method consists of a specific technique of manipulation of the clubfoot deformity, followed by the application of a plaster cast with the foot in the corrected position. A percutaneous tenotomy of the Achilles tendon is done prior to the final cast to gain complete correction in most patients. Bracing with a foot abduction orthosis is necessary to minimize relapse of the deformity.
The method begins with the Ponseti manipulation and consists of the following steps: (1) Identify the head of the talus by palpation. (2) Supinate the forefoot to eliminate the cavus deformity and create a normal-appearing arch. (3) Abduct the forefoot with the vector of force parallel to the sole of the foot while using the lateral head of the talus as the fulcrum and maintaining the reduction of the cavus deformity. (4) This manipulation is followed by the application of an above-the-knee cast with the foot in the corrected position. (5) The manipulation and casting steps are repeated every 5 to 7 days until the foot is abducted approximately 50° from the frontal plane of the tibia. (6) In most patients (60% to >90%), a percutaneous tenotomy of the Achilles tendon is necessary to correct the residual ankle equinus after gaining full abduction of the foot with the manipulations. (7) The final cast is applied and worn for three weeks. (8) After removal of the final cast, the patient is managed with bracing with a foot abduction orthosis for 23 hours per day for 3 months. Bracing at night and during nap time is recommended until the child is 4 to 5 years old.
The cavus deformity is eliminated after the application of 2 or 3 casts by the simple positioning maneuver. Abduction of the forefoot in the plane of the sole of the foot while using the head of the talus as the fulcrum results in the correction of the midfoot adduction deformity simultaneously with the hindfoot varus and the subtalar component of the equinus deformity. After full abduction is obtained, the cavus, adduction, and subtalar varus and equinus deformities are all completely corrected. The only residual deformity is the ankle equinus. Most feet require a percutaneous tenotomy to fully correct the ankle component of the equinus. The tenotomy can be performed as an outpatient procedure under local anesthetic without the need for sedation. If the foot can be dorsiflexed to >15° (without midfoot breach), a tenotomy is unnecessary.
This manipulation allows complete correction of almost all idiopathic clubfeet in 4 to 7 sessions. Long-term follow-up (mean, 34 years; range, 25 to 42 years) has shown that clubfeet treated with the Ponseti method function as well as normal feet with respect to pain and level of activity.
Quantifying the Potential Yield and Yield Gap of Chinese Wheat Production
Authors: Liu Baohua , Wu Liang , Chen Xinping , Meng Qingfeng 
Published: August 2016

Quantifying potential yield (PY) and yield gap (YG) is essential for prioritizing research and formulating food security policies. Here we used the highest recorded yield published in the literature based on 213 sites (n = 548) across China to estimate PY, the best farmers’ yield (the mean yield of 94th to 99th decile) according to 4552 farm surveys to estimate attainable yield (AY) in five wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) agro‐ecological regions in China. These data were compared with the average farmers’ yield (FY) to assess YG. The PY averaged 9.0 Mg ha−1 while AY was 8.0 Mg ha−1. The FY averaged 5.6 Mg ha−1. As a result, YG between PY and FY was 3.4 Mg ha−1 (FY/PY = 62%), and YG between AY and FY was 2.3 Mg ha−1 (FY/AY = 71%). Furthermore, PY and yield gaps varied considerably among different regions due to several factors, including water availability, climate, and management practices. Our findings highlight the potential for improving the wheat yield in China and regional advantages for wheat production.Core Ideas

We evaluated potential yield and yield gap of wheat production for all of China.
Yield gap was calculated based on field measurements and farmer surveys.
Farmers achieved 62% of potential yield and 71% of attainable yield.
Wheat yield gaps varied a great deal across China.
Interseeding Forage Kochia into Established CRP to Improve Fall and Winter Grazing Potential
Authors: Waldron Blair L. , Banks Jeffrey E. , Newhall Robert L. , Snyder Donald L. , Thornton Kara J. 
Published: August 2016

Core Ideas
Interseeding forage kochia into established CRP acreage can increase the potential for fall and winter grazing by livestock.
The addition of forage kochia improved the nutritive content of the stockpiled forage in terms of both protein and energy.
Interseeding forage kochia into established wheatgrass with the intention of fall and winter grazing was an attractive economic alternative to returning expired CRP acres to crop production.
Highly erodible farm acres coming out of Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) contracts could remain in perennial species and be used for fall and winter grazing if wheatgrass monocultures could be renovated by interseeding nutritious forage species. This on‐farm study evaluated the success of interseeding forage kochia into established wheatgrass stands and measured the effect on forage mass, forage nutritive value, grazing value, and economic return. Tillage treatments of one or two passes with a chisel plow were used to thin existing grass stands, and ‘Immigrant’ forage kochia was broadcast seeded (winter 2007) over the tilled area. Establishment, forage mass, and nutritive value were determined for four consecutive years (2010–2013) during the fall grazing season. Forage kochia became successfully established, with nearly double (179% greater) (P < 0.05) the plant frequency for the two‐pass chisel plow treatment than for the one‐pass treatment. The two‐pass treatment forage mass of 2991 lb/acre was 161% greater than the one‐pass treatment and 303% greater (P < 0.05) than control and resulted in stocking rates of 1.6, 0.9, and 0.5 animal unit month (AUM)/acre, respectively. Interseeding forage kochia improved (P < 0.05) the nutritive value of the stockpiled forage, with crude protein concentrations of 8.8, 7.8, and 4.5% for the two‐pass, one‐pass, and control treatments, respectively. Based on estimated grazing value, the two‐pass treatment had the highest yearly net return of $46.98/acre, compared with $24.82 for the one‐pass treatment and $18.80 for the control. This research documented that interseeding forage kochia into established CRP acreage can increase the potential for fall and winter grazing by livestock.
Psicanálise da religiosidade: o marketing da intolerância ou de como a iurd oprime a umbanda
Authors: Oliveira Sidney Nilton de 
Published: August 2016

A religiosidade sempre fez parte da história da humanidade. As igrejas hegemônicas e o Estado fizeram alianças em diferentes momentos. O fracasso da onipotência neoliberal fez com que os novos capitalistas lançassem mão dessas velhas alianças. A inevitável prevalência do mal-estar neoliberal permite que os sujeitos resgatem na religião messiânica a compensação para as frustrações e angústias da sociedade performática do espetáculo. Nesse contexto, abriu-se espaço para a ideologia conservadora da família, da tradição, da propriedade e da moral sexual. A IURD surgiu no contexto de redemocratização do Brasil e de crise das igrejas tradicionais, apoiada em um poderoso e agressivo marketing opressor no qual a intolerância e o preconceito foram as armas principais em sua guerra santa contra a Umbanda. O marketing da intolerância da IURD se ergueu em cima da demonização da cosmologia da Umbanda e por apresentar-se como a peça fundamental para a resolução do mal-estar da modernidade
Considerações sobre a “Doutrina das Duas Verdades” (Saṃvṛti-Satya E Paramārtha-Satya) em Nāgārjuna
Authors: Loundo Dilip 
Published: August 2016

Com base em uma leitura exegética e hermenêutica do Mūlamādhyamaka-Kārikā, de Nāgārjuna, o artigo sustenta que os todos os ensinamentos do Buda possuem como característica única o fato de combinar e articular, de forma sui generis, saṃvṛti-satya (verdade convencional) e paramārtha-satya (verdade suprema). Em outras palavras, os ensinamentos do Buda constituem – e, só por isso, se definem enquanto tal - uma reorientação, uma ressignificação, uma “subversão”, uma expansão do sentido originário de saṃvṛti-satya a partir das determinações do nível meta-conceptual de paramārtha-satya. Tal reorientação constitui uma instrumentalização atípica, extraordinária, não usual, de saṃvṛti-satya, marcada por um duplo movimento: (i) trata-se de instrumentalização habilmente manipulada (upāya) por um ser na plenitude de sua realização (buda/bodhisattva) e (ii) que é, ela mesma, uma adequação às especificidades e aos propósitos soteriológicos dos aspirantes ao nirvāṇa.
myMoves Program: Feasibility and Acceptability Study of a Remotely Delivered Self-Management Program for Increasing Physical Activity Among Adults With Acquired Brain Injury Living in the Community
Authors: Jones Taryn M. , Dear Blake F. , Hush Julia M. , Titov Nickolai , Dean Catherine M. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Background
People living with acquired brain injury (ABI) are more likely to be physically inactive and highly sedentary and, therefore, to have increased risks of morbidity and mortality. However, many adults with ABI experience barriers to participation in effective physical activity interventions. Remotely delivered self-management programs focused on teaching patients how to improve and maintain their physical activity levels have the potential to improve the overall health of adults with ABI.

Objective
The study objective was to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of a remotely delivered self-management program aimed at increasing physical activity among adults who dwell in the community and have ABI.

Design
A single-group design involving comparison of baseline measures with those taken immediately after intervention and at a 3-month follow-up was used in this study.

Methods
The myMoves Program comprises 6 modules delivered over 8 weeks via email. Participants were provided with regular weekly contact with an experienced physical therapist via email and telephone. The primary outcomes were the feasibility (participation, attrition, clinician time, accessibility, and adverse events) and acceptability (satisfaction, worthiness of time, and recommendation) of the myMoves Program. The secondary outcomes were objective physical activity data collected from accelerometers, physical activity self-efficacy, psychological distress, and participation.

Results
Twenty-four participants commenced the program (20 with stroke, 4 with traumatic injury), and outcomes were collected for 23 and 22 participants immediately after the program and at a 3-month follow-up, respectively. The program required very little clinician contact time, with an average of 32.8 minutes (SD=22.8) per participant during the 8-week program. Acceptability was very high, with more than 95% of participants being either very satisfied or satisfied with the myMoves Program and stating that it was worth their time. All participants stated that they would recommend the program to others with ABI.

Limitations
The results were obtained from a small sample; hence, the results may not be generalizable to a larger ABI population.

Conclusions
A remotely delivered self-management program aimed at increasing physical activity is feasible and acceptable for adults with ABI. Further large-scale efficacy trials are warranted.
Effects of Montmorillonite Content and Maleic Anhydride Compatibilization on the Mechanical Behavior of Polylactide Nanocomposites
Authors: Sari B. , Kaynak C. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of montmorillonite (MMT) type nanoclay content and maleic anhydride (MA) grafted polylactide (PLA) copolymer compatibilization on the mechanical properties of PLA nanocomposites; compounded by twin-screw extrusion melt-mixing followed with injection molding for shaping of bulk specimens. Successively intercalated and exfoliated structures of the nanocomposites were observed by XRD and TEM analysis, including the chemical interactions by FTIR. Mechanical tests indicated that use of only 1 wt% MMT resulted in significant improvements in many mechanical properties of PLA. Increases were only 14 % in flexural modulus and 7 % in flexural strength, but more than 6 times in ductility and as much as 85 % in fracture toughness values. After MA compatibilization these improvements were much enormous, being more than 22 times in ductility and 119 % in fracture toughness.
Effect of Coupling Agent and Ground Tire Rubber Content on the Properties of Natural Fiber Polymer Composites
Authors: Nikpour N. , Rodrigue D. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn this work, high density polyethylene (HDPE)/hemp fiber composites were produced by extrusion compounding followed by injection molding. In particular, the effect of ground tire rubber (GTR) and coupling agent (maleated polyethylene, MAPE) content was studied to modify the mechanical properties of these natural fiber composites (NFC). From the samples produced, a complete characterization was performed including morphology, density, hardness, as well as mechanical properties in tension, flexion, and impact. The results indicate that substantial improvement in NFC impact strength occurred after GTR addition, while tensile and flexural moduli/strengths decreased. On the other hand, the addition of a coupling agent was able to improve adhesion between each phase resulting in better composite properties. Overall, the final properties of the composites represent a balance between elasticity/toughness from GTR and rigidity/strength from hemp and MAPE. From the data obtained, a regression model for different properties is presented to design/control the final properties of these composites.
CHARACTERIZING SPIRAL ARM AND INTERARM STAR FORMATION
Authors: Kreckel K. , Blanc G. A. , Schinnerer E. , Groves B. , Adamo A. , Hughes A. , Meidt S. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Interarm star formation contributes significantly to a galaxy’s star formation budget and provides an opportunity to study stellar birthplaces unperturbed by spiral arm dynamics. Using optical integral field spectroscopy of the nearby galaxy NGC 628 with VLT/MUSE, we construct Hα maps including detailed corrections for dust extinction and stellar absorption to identify 391 H ii regions at 35 pc resolution over 12 kpc2. Using tracers sensitive to the underlying gravitational potential, we associate H ii regions with either arm (271) or interarm (120) environments. Using our full spectral coverage of each region, we find that most physical properties (luminosity, size, metallicity, ionization parameter) of H ii regions are independent of environment. We calculate the fraction of Hα luminosity due to the background of diffuse ionized gas (DIG) contaminating each H ii region, and find the DIG surface brightness to be higher within H ii regions than in the surroundings, and slightly higher within arm H ii regions. Use of the temperature-sensitive [S ii]/Hα line ratio instead of the Hα surface brightness to identify the boundaries of H ii regions does not change this result. Using the dust attenuation as a tracer of the gas, we find depletion times consistent with previous work (2 × 109 yr) with no differences between the arm and interarm, but this is very sensitive to the DIG correction. Unlike molecular clouds, which can be dynamically affected by the galactic environment, we see fairly consistent properties of H ii regions in both arm and interarm environments. This suggests either a difference in star formation and feedback in arms or a decoupling of dense star-forming clumps from the more extended surrounding molecular gas.
THE EFFECTS OF EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS ON THE REFRACTIVE INDEX AND DENSITY OF LOW-TEMPERATURE ICES: SOLID CARBON DIOXIDE
Authors: Loeffler M. J. , Moore M. H. , Gerakines P. A. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We present the first study on the effects of the deposition technique on the measurements of the visible refractive index and the density of a low-temperature ice using solid carbon dioxide (CO2) at 14–70 K as an example. While our measurements generally agree with previous studies that show a dependence of index and density on temperature below 50 K, we also find that the measured values depend on the method used to create each sample. Below 50 K, we find that the refractive index varied by as much as 4% and the density by as much as 16% at a single temperature depending on the deposition method. We also show that the Lorentz–Lorenz approximation is valid for solid CO2 across the full 14–70 K temperature range, regardless of the deposition method used. Since the refractive index and density are important in calculations of optical constants and infrared (IR) band strengths of materials, our results suggest that the deposition method must be considered in cases where n
vis and ρ are not measured in the same experimental setup where the IR spectral measurements are made.
A NEW REFERENCE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION FOR TMC-1
Authors: Gratier P. , Majumdar L. , Ohishi M. , Roueff E. , Loison J. C. , Hickson K. M. , Wakelam V. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Recent detections of complex organic molecules in dark clouds have rekindled interest in the astrochemical modeling of these environments. Because of its relative closeness and rich molecular complexity, TMC-1 has been extensively observed to study the chemical processes taking place in dark clouds. We use local thermodynamical equilibrium radiative transfer modeling coupled with a Bayesian statistical method which takes into account outliers to analyze the data from the Nobeyama spectral survey of TMC-1 between 8 and 50 GHz. We compute the abundance relative to molecular hydrogen of 57 molecules, including 19 isotopologues in TMC-1 along with their associated uncertainty. The new results are in general agreement with previous abundance determination from Ohishi & Kaifu and the values reported in the review from Agúndez & Wakelam. However, in some cases, large opacity and low signal to noise effects allow only upper or lower limits to be derived, respectively.
DISCOVERY OF A NEW RETROGRADE TRANS-NEPTUNIAN OBJECT: HINT OF A COMMON ORBITAL PLANE FOR LOW SEMIMAJOR AXIS, HIGH-INCLINATION TNOs AND CENTAURS
Authors: Chen (陳英同) Ying-Tung , Lin (林省文) Hsing Wen , Holman Matthew J. , Payne Matthew J. , Fraser Wesley C. , Lacerda Pedro , Ip (葉永烜) Wing-Huen , Chen (陳文屏) Wen-Ping , Kudritzki Rolf-Peter , Jedicke Robert , Wainscoat Richard J. , Tonry John L. , Magnier Eugene A. , Waters Christopher , Kaiser Nick , Wang Shiang-Yu , Lehner Matthew 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Although the majority of Centaurs are thought to have originated in the scattered disk, with the high-inclination members coming from the Oort cloud, the origin of the high-inclination component of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) remains uncertain. We report the discovery of a retrograde TNO, which we nickname “Niku,” detected by the Pan-STARRS 1 Outer Solar System Survey. Our numerical integrations show that the orbital dynamics of Niku are very similar to that of 2008 KV42 (Drac), with a half-life of ∼500 Myr. Comparing similar high-inclination TNOs and Centaurs (q > 10 au, a < 100 au, and i > 60°), we find that these objects exhibit a surprising clustering of ascending node, and occupy a common orbital plane. This orbital configuration has high statistical significance: 3.8-σ. An unknown mechanism is required to explain the observed clustering. This discovery may provide a pathway to investigating a possible reservoir of high-inclination objects.
THE PROGRESSIVE FRAGMENTATION OF 332P/IKEYA–MURAKAMI
Authors: Kleyna J. T. , Ye Q.-Z. , Hui M.-T. , Meech K. J. , Wainscoat R. , Micheli M. , Keane J. V. , Weaver H. A. , Weryk R. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We describe 2016 January–April observations of the fragments of 332P/Ikeya–Murakami, a comet earlier observed in a 2010 October outburst. We present photometry of the fragments and perform simulations to infer the time of breakup. We argue that the eastern-most rapidly brightening fragment (F4) best corresponds to the original nucleus, rather than the initial bright fragment F1. We compute radial and tangential nongravitational parameters, A
1 = (1.5 ± 0.4) × 10−8 au day−2 and (7.2 ± 1.9) × 10−9 au day−2; both are consistent with zero at the 4σ level. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the fragments were emitted on the outbound journey well after the 2010 outburst, with bright fragment F1 splitting in early 2014 and the fainter fragments within months of the 2016 January recovery. Western fragment F7 is the oldest, dating from 2011. We suggest that the delayed onset of the splitting is consistent with a self-propagating crystallization of water ice.
Encadrement et circularité dans les Évangiles : variations sur le renvoi du lecteur au monde réel
Authors: Bourquin Yvan 
Published: August 2016

Yvan Bourquin * se propose d’expliciter les notions d’écho, d’encadrement, d’inclusion, de circularité ou de boucle narrative, et ainsi d’en clarifier la terminologie. Il s’agit de préciser dans quel sens ce phénomène survient dans les quatre Évangiles. L’auteur explore ici plusieurs thèmes formant inclusion : l’Emmanuel chez Matthieu, la Galilée chez Marc, la joie des croyants et l’adoration au Temple chez Luc, ainsi que l’éveil à la foi chez Jean, avec pour perspective d’évaluer comment ces différents types d’échos (statiques ou dynamiques) agissent sur le lecteur. Comment celui-ci est-il renvoyé au monde réel à la fin des quatre Évangiles et de quel lecteur s’agit-il alors ? Autrement dit, quel rapport se noue entre ce qu’il est convenu d’appeler le lecteur implicite et le lecteur historique visé par le récit ?
L’insensibilité spirituelle : une figure kierkegaardienne du désengagement
Authors: Antier Guilhen 
Published: August 2016

Renversant la problématique « foi et engagements », Guilhen Antier * s’intéresse à la question du désengagement à partir de la catégorie d’insensibilité spirituelle chez Kierkegaard. Il montre comment celle-ci mobilise la subjectivité chrétienne pour la démobiliser de l’intérieur, construisant un rapport faussé à Dieu, aux autres, à soi-même et au monde. L’insensibilité spirituelle permet un éclairage en négatif de quelques catégories kierkegaardiennes fondamentales comme l’angoisse, le désespoir, le devenir et la vérité. Aborder la question de la foi du lieu même de son évitement permet de la reposer à nouveaux frais.