bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the implementation of nutrition guidelines in childcare centres improves child dietary intake: findings of a randomised trial of an implementation intervention
Authors: Seward Kirsty , Wolfenden Luke , Finch Meghan , Wiggers John , Wyse Rebecca , Jones Jannah , Yoong Sze Lin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveEvidence suggests that improvements to the childcare nutrition environment can have a positive impact on child dietary intake. The primary aim of the present study was to assess, relative to usual care, the effectiveness of a multi-strategy implementation intervention in improving childcare compliance with nutrition guidelines. As a secondary aim, the impact on child dietary intake was assessed.DesignParallel-group, randomised controlled trial design. The 6-month intervention was designed to overcome barriers to implementation of the nutrition guidelines that had been identified by applying the theoretical domains framework.SettingHunter New England region, New South Wales, Australia.SubjectsForty-five centre-based childcare services.ResultsThere were no differences between groups in the proportion of services providing food servings (per child) compliant with nutrition guideline recommendations for all five (5/5) food groups at follow-up (i.e. full compliance). Relative to control services, intervention services were more likely to be compliant with guidelines (OR; 95 % CI) in provision of fruit (10·84; 1·19, 551·20;P=0·0024), meat and meat alternatives (8·83; 1·55, –;P=0·023), dairy (8·41; 1·60, 63·62;P=0·006) and discretionary foods (17·83; 2·15, 853·73;P=0·002). Children in intervention services consumed greater servings (adjusted difference; 95 % CI) of fruit (0·41; 0·09, 0·73;P=0·014) and vegetables (0·70; 0·33, 1·08;P&lt;0·001).ConclusionsFindings indicate that service-level changes to menus in line with dietary guidelines can result in improvements to children’s dietary intake. The study provides evidence to advance implementation research in the setting as a means of enhancing child public health nutrition.
X-Ray Excited Optical Luminescence and Portable Electron Probe Microanalyzer–Cathodoluminescence (EPMA–CL) Analyzers for On-Line and On-Site Analysis of Nonmetallic Inclusions in Steel
Authors: Imashuku Susumu , Ono Koichiro , Wagatsuma Kazuaki 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe potential of the application of an X-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) analyzer and portable analyzers, composed of a cathodoluminescence (CL) spectrometer and electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), to the on-line and on-site analysis of nonmetallic inclusions in steel is investigated as the first step leading to their practical use. MgAl2O4 spinel and Al2O3 particles were identified by capturing the luminescence as a result of irradiating X-rays in air on a model sample containing MgAl2O4 spinel and Al2O3 particles in the size range from 20 to 50 μm. We were able to identify the MgAl2O4 spinel and Al2O3 particles in the same sample using the portable CL spectrometer. In both cases, not all of the particles in the sample were identified because the luminescence intensities of the smaller Al2O3 in particular were too low to detect. These problems could be solved by using an X-ray tube with a higher power and increasing the beam current of the portable CL spectrometer. The portable EPMA distinguished between the MgAl2O4 spinel and Al2O3 particles whose luminescent colors were detected using the portable CL spectrometer. Therefore, XEOL analysis has potential for the on-line analysis of nonmetallic inclusions in steel if we have information on the luminescence colors of the nonmetallic inclusions. In addition, a portable EPMA–CL analyzer would be able to perform on-site analysis of nonmetallic inclusions in steel.
A cognitive approach to persistent complex bereavement disorder (PCBD)
Authors: Duffy Michael , Wild Jennifer 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPersistent complex bereavement disorder (PCBD) has been included in the appendix of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders as a condition for further study, and a new diagnostic category of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) is likely to be added to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11) (Maercker et al., 2013). Whilst there is increasing evidence that prolonged grief has distinct characteristics (Bryant, 2012), there are clinical features that overlap with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), such as intrusive memories, emotional numbing, and avoidance of trauma or loss reminders. Here we describe how the cognitive model for persistent PTSD (Ehlers and Clark, 2000) and trauma-focused cognitive therapy for PTSD (Ehlers et al., 2005) have been helpful in treating persistent complex grief.
Influence of Broadcast Spray Nozzle on the Deposition, Absorption, and Efficacy of Dicamba plus Glyphosate on Four Glyphosate-Resistant Dicot Weed Species
Authors: Legleiter Travis R. , Young Bryan G. , Johnson William G. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDicamba-resistant soybean technology provides an additional site of action for POST control of herbicide-resistant broadleaf weeds in soybean but also raises concern of off-site movement and damage to sensitive crops in adjacent fields. Dicamba formulations approved for use on dicamba-resistant soybean require applicators to use nozzles producing large droplets to reduce the risk of spray-particle drift. The use of nozzles with relatively larger droplet spectra can reduce herbicide deposition on target weeds, especially if a filtering effect from the crop canopy occurs. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of broadcast nozzle design on the deposition and efficacy of 280 g ha−1glyphosate plus 140 g ha−1dicamba applied POST to four herbicide-resistant weed species. The TTI11004 nozzle, the original nozzle labeled for dicamba applications on dicamba-resistant soybean, reduced deposition coverage and density on spray cards compared with the TT11004 and XR11004 nozzle. The AIXR11004 nozzle produces a very coarse droplet spectrum and did not reduce coverage on spray cards, though it did reduce deposition density. Herbicide solution deposition onto Palmer amaranth, tall waterhemp, giant ragweed, and horseweed ranged from 0.41 to 0.52, 0.55 to 0.87, 0.49 to 0.58, and 0.38 to 0.41 µl cm−2, respectively. Nozzle design and droplet spectrum did not influence the deposition of herbicide solution onto the target weed, as all nozzles were equivalent for all species and site-years. Herbicide efficacy was not influenced by nozzle design, as weed control and plant height reduction were similar for all species. The results of this experiment show that the use of the TTI11004 nozzle for dicamba applications to dicamba-resistant soybean will provide acceptable herbicide deposition and efficacy when applied under the label requirements of weed height and carrier volume.
Genome-wide association study of classical Hodgkin lymphoma identifies key regulators of disease susceptibility
Authors: Sud Amit , Thomsen Hauke , Law Philip J. , Försti Asta , Filho Miguel Inacio da Silva , Holroyd Amy , Broderick Peter , Orlando Giulia , Lenive Oleg , Wright Lauren , Cooke Rosie , Easton Douglas , Pharoah Paul , Dunning Alison , Peto Julian , Canzian Federico , Eeles Rosalind , Kote-Jarai ZSofia , Muir Kenneth , Pashayan Nora ,   The PRACTICAL consortium, Henderson Brian E. , Haiman Christopher A. , Benlloch Sara , Schumacher Fredrick R. , Olama Ali Amin Al , Berndt Sonja I. , Conti David V. , Wiklund Fredrik , Chanock Stephen , Stevens Victoria L. , Tangen Catherine M. , Batra Jyotsna , Clements Judith , Gronberg Henrik , Schleutker Johanna , Albanes Demetrius , Weinstein Stephanie , Wolk Alicja , West Catharine , Mucci Lorelei , Cancel-Tassin Géraldine , Koutros Stella , Sorensen Karina Dalsgaard , Maehle Lovise , Neal David E. , Travis Ruth C. , Hamilton Robert J. , Ingles Sue Ann , Rosenstein Barry , Lu Yong-Jie , Giles Graham G. , Kibel Adam S. , Vega Ana , Kogevinas Manolis , Penney Kathryn L. , Park Jong Y. , Stanford Janet L. , Cybulski Cezary , Nordestgaard Børge G. , Brenner Hermann , Maier Christiane , Kim Jeri , John Esther M. , Teixeira Manuel R. , Neuhausen Susan L. , De Ruyck Kim , Razack Azad , Newcomb Lisa F. , Lessel Davor , Kaneva Radka , Usmani Nawaid , Claessens Frank , Townsend Paul A. , Gago-Dominguez Manuela , Roobol Monique J. , Menegaux Florence , Hoffmann Per , Nöthen Markus M. , Jöckel Karl-Heinz , Strandmann Elke Pogge von , Lightfoot Tracy , Kane Eleanor , Roman Eve , Lake Annette , Montgomery Dorothy , Jarrett Ruth F. , Swerdlow Anthony J. , Engert Andreas , Orr Nick , Hemminki Kari , Houlston Richard S. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSeveral susceptibility loci for classical Hodgkin lymphoma have been reported. However, much of the heritable risk is unknown. Here, we perform a meta-analysis of two existing genome-wide association studies, a new genome-wide association study, and replication totalling 5,314 cases and 16,749 controls. We identify risk loci for all classical Hodgkin lymphoma at 6q22.33 (rs9482849, P = 1.52 × 10−8) and for nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma at 3q28 (rs4459895,P = 9.43 × 10−17), 6q23.3 (rs6928977,P = 4.62 × 10−11), 10p14 (rs3781093,P = 9.49 × 10−13), 13q34 (rs112998813,P = 4.58 × 10−8) and 16p13.13 (rs34972832, P = 2.12 × 10−8). Additionally, independent loci within the HLA region are observed for nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma (rs9269081, HLA-DPB1*03:01, Val86 in HLA-DRB1) and mixed cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma (rs1633096, rs13196329, Val86 in HLA-DRB1). The new and established risk loci localise to areas of active chromatin and show an over-representation of transcription factor binding for determinants of B-cell development and immune response.
Evidence for single metal two electron oxidative addition and reductive elimination at uranium
Authors: Gardner Benedict M. , Kefalidis Christos E. , Lu Erli , Patel Dipti , McInnes Eric J. L. , Tuna Floriana , Wooles Ashley J. , Maron Laurent , Liddle Stephen T. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractReversible single-metal two-electron oxidative addition and reductive elimination are common fundamental reactions for transition metals that underpin major catalytic transformations. However, these reactions have never been observed together in the f-block because these metals exhibit irreversible one- or multi-electron oxidation or reduction reactions. Here we report that azobenzene oxidises sterically and electronically unsaturated uranium(III) complexes to afford a uranium(V)-imido complex in a reaction that satisfies all criteria of a single-metal two-electron oxidative addition. Thermolysis of this complex promotes extrusion of azobenzene, where H-/D-isotopic labelling finds no isotopomer cross-over and the non-reactivity of a nitrene-trap suggests that nitrenes are not generated and thus a reductive elimination has occurred. Though not optimally balanced in this case, this work presents evidence that classical d-block redox chemistry can be performed reversibly by f-block metals, and that uranium can thus mimic elementary transition metal reactivity, which may lead to the discovery of new f-block catalysis.
Multiplex single-cell visualization of nucleic acids and protein during HIV infection
Authors: Puray-Chavez Maritza , Tedbury Philip R. , Huber Andrew D. , Ukah Obiaara B. , Yapo Vincent , Liu Dandan , Ji Juan , Wolf Jennifer J. , Engelman Alan N. , Sarafianos Stefan G. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractTechnical limitations in simultaneous microscopic visualization of RNA, DNA, and proteins of HIV have curtailed progress in this field. To address this need we develop a microscopy approach, multiplex immunofluorescent cell-based detection of DNA, RNA and Protein (MICDDRP), which is based on branched DNA in situ hybridization technology. MICDDRP enables simultaneous single-cell visualization of HIV (a) spliced and unspliced RNA, (b) cytoplasmic and nuclear DNA, and (c) Gag. We use MICDDRP to visualize incoming capsid cores containing RNA and/or nascent DNA and follow reverse transcription kinetics. We also report transcriptional “bursts” of nascent RNA from integrated proviral DNA, and concomitant HIV-1, HIV-2 transcription in co-infected cells. MICDDRP can be used to simultaneously detect multiple viral nucleic acid intermediates, characterize the effects of host factors or drugs on steps of the HIV life cycle, or its reactivation from the latent state, thus facilitating the development of antivirals and latency reactivating agents.
Remodelling of the gut microbiota by hyperactive NLRP3 induces regulatory T cells to maintain homeostasis
Authors: Yao Xiaomin , Zhang Chenhong , Xing Yue , Xue Guang , Zhang Qianpeng , Pan Fengwei , Wu Guojun , Hu Yingxin , Guo Qiuhong , Lu Ailing , Zhang Xiaoming , Zhou Rongbin , Tian Zhigang , Zeng Benhua , Wei Hong , Strober Warren , Zhao Liping , Meng Guangxun 
Published: November 2017

AbstractInflammasomes are involved in gut homeostasis and inflammatory pathologies, but the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in these processes is not well understood. Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) patients with NLRP3 mutations have autoinflammation in skin, joints, and eyes, but not in the intestine. Here we show that the intestines of CAPS model mice carrying anNlrp3R258Wmutation maintain homeostasis in the gut. Additionally, such mice are strongly resistant to experimental colitis and colorectal cancer; this is mainly through a remodelled gut microbiota with enhanced anti-inflammatory capacity due to increased induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Mechanistically, NLRP3R258Wfunctions exclusively in the lamina propria mononuclear phagocytes to directly enhance IL-1β but not IL-18 secretion. Increased IL-1β boosts local antimicrobial peptides to facilitate microbiota remodelling. Our data show that NLRP3R258W-induced remodelling of the gut microbiota, induces local Tregsto maintain homeostasis and compensate for otherwise-detrimental intestinal inflammation.
Magnesium uptake by connecting fluid-phase endocytosis to an intracellular inorganic cation filter
Authors: Klompmaker Sandra H. , Kohl Kid , Fasel Nicolas , Mayer Andreas 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCells acquire free metals through plasma membrane transporters. But, in natural settings, sequestering agents often render metals inaccessible to transporters, limiting metal bioavailability. Here we identify a pathway for metal acquisition, allowing cells to cope with this situation. Under limited bioavailability of Mg2+, yeast cells upregulate fluid-phase endocytosis and transfer solutes from the environment into their vacuole, an acidocalcisome-like compartment loaded with highly concentrated polyphosphate. We propose that this anionic inorganic polymer, which is an avid chelator of Mg2+, serves as an immobilized cation filter that accumulates Mg2+ inside these organelles. It thus allows the vacuolar exporter Mnr2 to efficiently transfer Mg2+ into the cytosol. Leishmania parasites also employ acidocalcisomal polyphosphate to multiply in their Mg2+-limited habitat, the phagolysosomes of inflammatory macrophages. This suggests that the pathway for metal uptake via endocytosis, acidocalcisomal polyphosphates and export into the cytosol, which we term EAPEC, is conserved.
Directed self-assembly of fluorescence responsive nanoparticles and their use for real-time surface and cellular imaging
Authors: Cheung Shane , O’Shea Donal F. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDirected self-assemblies in water are known as the most efficient means of forming complex higher ordered structures in nature. Here we show a straightforward and robust method for particle assembly which utilises the amphiphilic tri-block co-polymer poloxamer-188 and a hydrophobic fluorophore as the two designer components, which have a built-in ability to convey spatial and temporal information about their surroundings to an observer. Templating of particle self-assembly is attributed to interactions between the fluorophore and hydrophobic segment of the poloxamer. Particle fluorescence in water is quenched but can be induced to selectively switch on in response to temperature, surface adsorption and cellular uptake. The ability of the particles to dynamically modulate emission intensity can be exploited for selective labelling and real-time imaging of drug crystal surfaces, natural fibres and insulin fibrils, and cellular delivery. As particle solutions are easily prepared, further applications for this water-based NIR-fluorescent paint are anticipated.
Autonomous calibration of single spin qubit operations
Authors: Frank Florian , Unden Thomas , Zoller Jonathan , Said Ressa S. , Calarco Tommaso , Montangero Simone , Naydenov Boris , Jelezko Fedor 
Published: November 2017

AbstractFully autonomous precise control of qubits is crucial for quantum information processing, quantum communication, and quantum sensing applications. It requires minimal human intervention on the ability to model, to predict, and to anticipate the quantum dynamics, as well as to precisely control and calibrate single qubit operations. Here, we demonstrate single qubit autonomous calibrations via closed-loop optimisations of electron spin quantum operations in diamond. The operations are examined by quantum state and process tomographic measurements at room temperature, and their performances against systematic errors are iteratively rectified by an optimal pulse engineering algorithm. We achieve an autonomous calibrated fidelity up to 1.00 on a time scale of minutes for a spin population inversion and up to 0.98 on a time scale of hours for a single qubit $$\frac{\pi }{2}$$

π

2

-rotation within the experimental error of 2%. These results manifest a full potential for versatile quantum technologies.
De novo transcriptome assembly of Zanthoxylum bungeanum using Illumina sequencing for evolutionary analysis and simple sequence repeat marker development
Authors: Feng Shijing , Zhao Lili , Liu Zhenshan , Liu Yulin , Yang Tuxi , Wei Anzhi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractZanthoxylum, an ancient economic crop in Asia, has a satisfying aromatic taste and immense medicinal values. A lack of genomic information and genetic markers has limited the evolutionary analysis and genetic improvement of Zanthoxylum species and their close relatives. To better understand the evolution, domestication, and divergence of Zanthoxylum, we present a de novo transcriptome analysis of an elite cultivar of Z. bungeanum using Illumina sequencing; we then developed simple sequence repeat markers for identification of Zanthoxylum. In total, we predicted 45,057 unigenes and 22,212 protein coding sequences, approximately 90% of which showed significant similarities to known proteins in databases. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Zanthoxylum is relatively recent and estimated to have diverged from Citrus ca. 36.5–37.7 million years ago. We also detected a whole-genome duplication event in Zanthoxylum that occurred 14 million years ago. We found no protein coding sequences that were significantly under positive selection by Ka/Ks. Simple sequence repeat analysis divided 31 Zanthoxylum cultivars and landraces into three major groups. This Zanthoxylum reference transcriptome provides crucial information for the evolutionary study of the Zanthoxylum genus and the Rutaceae family, and facilitates the establishment of more effective Zanthoxylum breeding programs.
Emphatic visualization of sphingomyelin-rich domains by inter-lipid FRET imaging using fluorescent sphingomyelins
Authors: Kinoshita Masanao , Ano Hikaru , Murata Michio , Shigetomi Kenta , Ikenouchi Junichi , Matsumori Nobuaki 
Published: November 2017

AbstractImaging the distribution of sphingomyelin (SM) in membranes is an important issue in lipid-raft research. Recently we developed novel fluorescent SM analogs that exhibit partition and dynamic behaviors similar to native SM, and succeeded in visualizing lateral domain-segregation between SM-rich liquid-ordered (Lo) and SM-poor liquid-disordered (Ld) domains. However, because the fluorescent contrast between these two domains depends directly on their partition ratio for the fluorescent SMs, domain-separation becomes indeterminate when the distribution difference is not great enough. In this study, we propose the use of inter-lipid Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) imaging between fluorescent SMs to enhance the contrast of the two domains in cases in which the inter-domain difference in SM distribution is inadequate for conventional monochromic imaging. Our results demonstrate that inter-lipid FRET intensity was significantly higher in the Lo domain than in the Ld domain, resulting in a clear and distinguishable contrast between the two domains even in poorly phase-separated giant unilamellar vesicles. In addition, we show that inter-lipid FRET imaging is useful for selective visualization of highly condensed assemblies and/or clusters of SM molecules in living cell membranes. Thus, the inter-lipid FRET imaging technique can selectively emphasize the SM-condensed domains in both artificial and biological membranes.
3D photogrammetry quantifies growth and external erosion of individual coral colonies and skeletons
Authors: Ferrari Renata , Figueira Will F. , Pratchett Morgan S. , Boube Tatiana , Adam Arne , Kobelkowsky-Vidrio Tania , Doo Steve S. , Atwood Trisha Brooke , Byrne Maria 
Published: November 2017

AbstractGrowth and contraction of ecosystem engineers, such as trees, influence ecosystem structure and function. On coral reefs, methods to measure small changes in the structure of microhabitats, driven by growth of coral colonies and contraction of skeletons, are extremely limited. We used 3D reconstructions to quantify changes in the external structure of coral colonies of tabular Acropora spp., the dominant habitat-forming corals in shallow exposed reefs across the Pacific. The volume and surface area of live colonies increased by 21% and 22%, respectively, in 12 months, corresponding to a mean annual linear extension of 5.62 cm yr−1 (±1.81 SE). The volume and surface area of dead skeletons decreased by 52% and 47%, respectively, corresponding to a mean decline in linear extension of −29.56 cm yr−1 (±7.08 SE), which accounted for both erosion and fragmentation of dead colonies. This is the first study to use 3D photogrammetry to assess fine-scale structural changes of entire individual colonies in situ, quantifying coral growth and contraction. The high-resolution of the technique allows for detection of changes on reef structure faster than other non-intrusive approaches. These results improve our capacity to measure the drivers underpinning ecosystem biodiversity, status and trajectory.
A polar bundle of flagella can drive bacterial swimming by pushing, pulling, or coiling around the cell body
Authors: Hintsche Marius , Waljor Veronika , Großmann Robert , Kühn Marco J. , Thormann Kai M. , Peruani Fernando , Beta Carsten 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBacteria swim in sequences of straight runs that are interrupted by turning events. They drive their swimming locomotion with the help of rotating helical flagella. Depending on the number of flagella and their arrangement across the cell body, different run-and-turn patterns can be observed. Here, we present fluorescence microscopy recordings showing that cells of the soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida that are decorated with a polar tuft of helical flagella, can alternate between two distinct swimming patterns. On the one hand, they can undergo a classical push-pull-push cycle that is well known from monopolarly flagellated bacteria but has not been reported for species with a polar bundle of multiple flagella. Alternatively, upon leaving the pulling mode, they can enter a third slow swimming phase, where they propel themselves with their helical bundle wrapped around the cell body. A theoretical estimate based on a random-walk model shows that the spreading of a population of swimmers is strongly enhanced when cycling through a sequence of pushing, pulling, and wrapped flagellar configurations as compared to the simple push-pull-push pattern.