bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The experience of the performance-related pay in Italy’s high school system
Authors: Addamo Rosaria , Sergi Bruno S. , Esposito Mark 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to draw on data from a survey research study conducted in Italy that explored the effects of performance-related pay (PRP) among 500 high school teachers.

Design/methodology/approach
Survey responses studies were conducted.

Findings
The results are consistent with theoretical predictions that monetary incentives for activities with a strong social impact may crowd out employee image motivation. This study documents that the use of monetary incentives is neither necessary nor desirable and the pay-for-performance does not affect the intrinsic motivation of teaching staff employees.

Originality/value
This work advances the conversation on relative pay in the field of higher education in Italy.
A behavioral analysis of the volatility of interbank interest rates in developed and emerging countries
Authors: Rossetti Nara , Nagano Marcelo Seido , Meirelles Jorge Luis Faria 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to analyse the volatility of the fixed income market from 11 countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Argentina, Chile, Mexico, USA, Germany and Japan) from January 2000 to December 2011 by examining the interbank interest rates from each market.

Design/methodology/approach
To the volatility of interest rates returns, the study used models of auto-regressive conditional heteroscedasticity, autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (ARCH), generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH), exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (EGARCH), threshold generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (TGARCH) and periodic generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (PGARCH), and a combination of these with autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models, checking which of these processes were more efficient in capturing volatility of interest rates of each of the sample countries.

Findings
The results suggest that for most markets, studied volatility is best modelled by asymmetric GARCH processes – in this case the EGARCH – demonstrating that bad news leads to a higher increase in the volatility of these markets than good news. In addition, the causes of increased volatility seem to be more associated with events occurring internally in each country, as changes in macroeconomic policies, than the overall external events.

Originality/value
It is expected that this study has contributed to a better understanding of the volatility of interest rates and the main factors affecting this market.
Seasoned equity offerings and corporate governance in Europe
Authors: Happ Christian , Schiereck Dirk 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to analyze the effects on shareholder value caused by the announcement of seasoned equity offerings (SEOs) by real estate firms from 12 European countries.Design/methodology/approachA 4-factor model event study is conducted to assess the impact of SEO announcements on firm value. Additionally, a cross-sectional regression is run to identify factors that aggravate or mitigate the documented announcement effects.FindingsSignificant wealth losses of −1 per cent are found on the announcement day of an SEO. However, firms with good corporate governance and a low probability of overinvesting experience less negative announcement effects.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study considers equity financing. In this context, investors seem to thoroughly assess the implications of capital increases by looking at quality indicators. For firms with good corporate governance, management incentivizing mechanisms and a lower probability of overinvesting, shareholders’ trust in the management mitigates the bad signal that the announcement of an SEO usually conveys.Originality/valueThe finding of corporate governance as a value enhancing factor in the context of equity offerings, even during periods of financial turmoil, is reassuring to both managers and regulators.
Evaluation of recovery configuration options by product utilisation value
Authors: Kuik Swee Siong , Nagalingam Sev , Samaranayake Premaratne , McLean Michael William 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose an approach to evaluate product performance of returned products, using four key performance attributes as the basis for improving sustainability through product recovery.

Design/methodology/approach
A fuzzy logic approach is developed to account a trade-off scenario for a manufactured product with recovery options. This approach is demonstrated using a numerical example and is validated using a case study in the automotive parts and components industry.

Findings
Product utilisation value (PUV) is found to be a useful index that manufacturers can use to assess product recovery options, as it brings together a number of conflicting parameters into a rationalised value for decision making. In addition, PUV provides a rationalised approach for comparing and selecting the most appropriate recovery configuration option.

Research limitations/implications
The authors only utilise four key performance measures to derive PUV. Further research is needed to modify and incorporate other measures that are important to decision makers to improve sustainability in manufacturing supply chains.

Practical implications
The proposed approach may motivate decision makers to consider sustainable recovery options by comparing PUVs of products for primary and secondary markets. The case study demonstrated the conflict and complexity organisations face in a global supply chain of a competitive industry.

Originality/value
The authors propose an approach to optimise trade-off considerations of selected performance attributes through PUV. This PUV as a benchmark can help improve recovery of the returned products and reduce landfill.
Research on police legitimacy: the state of the art
Authors: Worden Robert E. , McLean Sarah J. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review the “state of the art” in research on police legitimacy. The authors consider two bodies of theory and empirical research on police legitimacy: one rooted in social psychology and concerned with individual attitudes, and the other based on organizational institutionalism. The authors contrast the theories, discuss the methods with which propositions have been examined, and take stock of the empirical evidence. The authors then turn to a direct comparison of the theories and their predictions.

Design/methodology/approach
Critical review and comparison of two bodies of literature.

Findings
Police legitimacy is a phenomenon that can be properly understood only when it is addressed at both individual and organizational levels. A large body of social psychological research on police legitimacy has been conducted at the individual level, though it has dwelled mainly on attitudes, and the empirical evidence on the relationships of attitudes to behavior is weak. A much smaller body of research on organizational legitimacy in policing has accumulated, and it appears to have promise for advancing our understanding of police legitimacy.

Originality/value
The understanding of police legitimacy can be deepened by the juxtaposition of these two bodies of theory and research.
Explaining procedural justice during police-suspect encounters
Authors: McCluskey John D. , Reisig Michael 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop and test a series of hypotheses regarding the use of procedurally just policing during suspect encounters.

Design/methodology/approach
Systematic social observation data from police encounters with suspects are used (N=939). Ordinary least-squares regression models are estimated to evaluate the effects of four variable clusters (i.e. suspect self-presentation, situational factors, suspect social characteristics, and officer characteristics) on procedurally just policing practices.

Findings
Results from the regression models show that the most salient predictors of police officers exercising authority in a procedurally just manner include the level of self-control displayed by suspects, the number of citizen onlookers, whether the encounter involved a traffic problem, the race/ethnicity of suspects, and suspects’ social status.

Research limitations/implications
This study focused only on police-suspects encounters where compliance requests were made. While the size of the sample is relatively large, the results from this study do not generalize to all types of police encounters with members of the public.

Originality/value
This research adds to an emerging body of research focused on predicting procedurally just practices in police encounters. The findings support increased attention to theories that explain police-citizens interactions, and also indicate that further consideration to the measurement of police behavior is warranted.
Work intensity, emotional exhaustion and life satisfaction
Authors: Boekhorst Janet A. , Singh Parbudyal , Burke Ronald 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine a moderated mediation model that investigated the moderating role of psychological detachment in the relationship between work intensity and life satisfaction via emotional exhaustion.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 149 hospital-based nurses who completed a questionnaire about working conditions and individual outcomes. The data were analyzed using hierarchical moderated regression and bootstrapping techniques.FindingsThe results confirm that work intensity is negatively related to life satisfaction via emotional exhaustion. The results also demonstrate that psychological detachment diminishes the negative influence of emotional exhaustion on life satisfaction. The conditional indirect effect model shows that the indirect relationship between work intensity and life satisfaction is strongest at low psychological detachment.Research limitations/implicationsThis research advances our understanding of the negative work and non-work implications associated with work intensity. The key limitation of this research was the cross-sectional data set. HRM researchers should seek to replicate and expand the results with multi-wave data to extend our understanding of the implications of work intensity.Practical implicationsHRM practitioners need to begin implementing measures to address work intensity in order to thwart its negative effects. HRM practitioners need to implement policies and procedures that limit the intensity of work demands to promote positive employee work and non-work outcomes.Originality/valueThis is the first study to show that work intensity can influence life satisfaction through emotional exhaustion. Contrary to most recovery research, this research is also among the first to focus on the moderating role of psychological detachment, especially within a conditional indirect effect model.
A holistic perspective on sustainable banking operating system drivers
Authors: Tan Lay Hong , Chew Boon Cheong , Hamid Syaiful Rizal 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to provide a more holistic perspective on rationales that motivated Maybank to move toward a sustainable banking operating system.

Design/methodology/approachThe case study was based on primary data collected through a series of qualitative interview with 35 bankers who were from different departments. Besides, the secondary data such as academic books and journals, government and regulatory authority’s publications, website publications, Maybank’s annual reports and Maybank’s sustainability reports were reviewed to obtain a more comprehensive understanding on rationales that motivated Maybank to move toward a sustainable banking operating system.

FindingsWithin the corporation studied, the rationales for moving Maybank toward sustainable banking operating system are driven by macro-, meso- and micro-level drivers. In terms of macro-level drivers, the pressures come from the bank’s external environment. A PESTLE analysis is used to discuss the drivers for change present within the macro environment. The different national government bodies and non-government organizations are calling upon financial institutions to implement more socially and environmentally friendly lending policies. In terms of meso-level drivers, stakeholders are viewed as important driving forces for Maybank to integrate sustainability into banking operations. Internal driving forces are likely to emanate from employees, the board of directors and shareholders. External driving forces result from pressure from customers, governments, competitors, NGOs and society at large. Micro-level drivers are drivers of sustainable banking that include pressures generated from within the bank’s internal environment. Maybank is largely motivated by its mission statement and vision statement, which is articulated in their sustainable banking agenda.

Research limitations/implicationsViewing the rationales that motivated Maybank to move toward a sustainable banking operating system through multiple perspectives – macro-, meso- and micro-level drivers present an interesting approach for research.

Originality/valueThe rationales for moving Maybank toward a sustainable banking operating system are driven by macro-, meso- and micro-level drivers. This paper provides fresh insight into rationales that move toward the sustainable banking operating system.
Temperature drives the assembly of endophytic communities' seasonal succession
Authors: Campisano Andrea , Albanese Davide , Yousaf Sohail , Pancher Michael , Donati Claudio , Pertot Ilaria 
Published: June 2017

SummaryEndophytic microorganisms asymptomatically colonise plant tissues. Exploring the assembly dynamics of bacterial endophytic communities is essential to understand the functioning of the plant holobiont and to optimise their possible use as biopesticides or plant biostimulants. The variation in endophytic communities in above and below‐ground organs in Vitis vinifera in the field were studied. To understand the specific effect of temperature on endophytic communities, a separate experiment was set up where grapevine cuttings were grown under controlled conditions at three different temperatures. The findings revealed the succession of endophytic communities over the year. Endophytic communities of roots and stems differ in terms of composition and dynamic response to temperature. Noticeably, compositional differences during the seasons affected bacterial taxa more in stems than in roots, suggesting that roots offer a more stable and less easily perturbed environment. Correlation abundance networks showed that the presence of several taxa (including Bradyrhizobium, Burkholderia, Dyella, Mesorhizobium, Propionibacterium and Ralstonia) is linked in both the field and the greenhouse.
Body height and the spread of spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section: a prospective controlled trial
Authors: She Y.‐J. , Zheng X. , Zhao B.‐S. , Zeng M.‐T. , Tan Y.‐H. , Song X.‐R. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundNo conclusive evidence exists on the effect of patient height on the spread of spinal anaesthesia. Our aim was to measure the ED50 and ED95 values of intrathecal ropivacaine in taller and shorter patients, and thus investigate the hypothesis that the spinal dose requirement in shorter patients is lower than that in taller patients undergoing caesarean section.MethodsIn this study, 270 pregnant women were assigned to the taller (Group T) or shorter group (Group S) based on their heights. Subjects in both groups were further randomly assigned to one of nine subgroups based on the dosage of intrathecal isobaric ropivacaine to be administered (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15 mg respectively).ResultsThe ED50 and ED95 values of ropivacaine were 9.24 mg and 13.36 mg in Group S, and 10.11 mg and 14.63 mg in Group T, with no inter‐group difference (P = 0.886). There was a significant inter‐group difference in the incidence of hypotension and the changes in mean arterial pressure after spinal anaesthesia using 15 mg ropivacaine. The dose of ephedrine administered in Group S was higher than that in Group T when 15 mg ropivacaine was administered (P = 0.031).ConclusionThe taller and shorter patients did not respond differently to modest intrathecal doses of ropivacaine. However, a larger dose of ropivacaine was associated with an increased incidence of hypotension in shorter patients compared to that in taller patients.
Effects of hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.42 vs. Ringer's acetate on cytokine levels in severe sepsis
Authors: Anthon C. T. , Müller R. B. , Haase N. , Hjortrup P. B. , Møller K. , Lange T. , Wetterslev J. , Perner A. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundThe Scandinavian Starch for Severe Sepsis/Septic Shock (6S) trial showed increased 90‐day mortality with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.42 vs. Ringer's acetate. To explore the underlying pathophysiology, we compared early changes in plasma cytokine concentrations between patients resuscitated with HES vs. Ringer's acetate.MethodsIn a subgroup of 226 patients from the 6S trial, we calculated delta plasma concentrations of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐10 from randomization to day 2. We used multiple linear and logistic regression analyses to assess differences between the groups and associations between delta cytokine concentrations and 90‐day mortality, respectively.ResultsBaseline characteristics and day 2 mortality were comparable between the groups. We observed similar delta cytokine concentrations in the HES vs. Ringer's group (mean difference in delta TNF‐α: −1.5 pg/ml (95% CI, −4.9 to 1.9), P = 0.39; IL‐6: 36.0 pg/ml (−24.1 to 96.1), P = 0.24; IL‐10: −3.9 pg/ml (−21.1 to 28.9), P = 0.76). In all included patients, we observed a linear relationship between increases in TNF‐α and 90‐day mortality (P = 0.005).ConclusionResuscitation with HES 130/0.42 vs. Ringer's acetate did not appear to affect plasma concentrations of TNF‐α, IL‐6 or IL‐10 differently during the first days after randomization into the 6S trial. In the overall cohort, increases in TNF‐α were associated with increased 90‐day mortality. Although interpretation should be done with caution, it seems unlikely that the increased mortality observed with the use HES in the 6S trial is signalled by early changes in three biomarkers of systemic inflammation.
Are severely injured trauma victims in Norway offered advanced pre‐hospital care? National, retrospective, observational cohort
Authors: Wisborg T. , Ellensen E. N. , Svege I. , Dehli T. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundStudies of severely injured patients suggest that advanced pre‐hospital care and/or rapid transportation provides a survival benefit. This benefit depends on the disposition of resources to patients with the greatest need. Norway has 19 Emergency Helicopters (HEMS) staffed by anaesthesiologists on duty 24/7/365. National regulations describe indications for their use, and the use of the national emergency medical dispatch guideline is recommended. We assessed whether severely injured patients had been treated or transported by advanced resources on a national scale.MethodsA national survey was conducted collecting data for 2013 from local trauma registries at all hospitals caring for severely injured patients. Patients were analysed according to hospital level; trauma centres or acute care hospitals with trauma functions. Patients with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) > 15 were considered severely injured.ResultsThree trauma centres (75%) and 17 acute care hospitals (53%) had data for trauma patients from 2013, a total of 3535 trauma registry entries (primary admissions only), including 604 victims with an ISS > 15. Of these 604 victims, advanced resources were treating and/or transporting 51%. Sixty percent of the severely injured admitted directly to trauma centres received advanced services, while only 37% of the severely injured admitted primarily to acute care hospitals received these services.ConclusionA highly developed and widely distributed HEMS system reached only half of severely injured trauma victims in Norway in 2013.
Computed Tomography of the Abdomen in Eight Clinically Normal Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)
Authors: du Plessis W. M. , Groenewald H. B. , Elliott D. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThe aim of this study was to provide a detailed anatomical description of the abdomen in the clinically normal common marmoset by means of computed tomography (CT). Eight clinically healthy mature common marmosets ranging from 12 to 48 months and 235 to 365 g bodyweight were anesthetized and pre‐ and post‐contrast CT examinations were performed using different CT settings in dorsal recumbency. Abdominal organs were identified and visibility noted. Diagnostic quality abdominal images could be obtained of the common marmoset despite its small size using a dual‐slice CT scanner. Representative cross‐sectional images were chosen from different animals illustrating the abdominal CT anatomy of clinically normal common marmosets. Identification or delineation of abdominal organs greatly improved with i.v. contrast. A modified high‐frequency algorithm with edge enhancement added valuable information for identification of small structures such as the ureters. The Hounsfield unit (HU) of major abdominal organs differed from that of small animals (domestic dogs and cats). Due to their size and different anatomy, standard small animal CT protocols need to be critically assessed and adapted for exotics, such as the common marmoset. The established normal reference range of HU of major abdominal organs and adapted settings for a CT protocol will aid clinical assessment of the common marmoset.
Identification of genes dysregulated by elevation of microRNA‐210 levels in human trophoblasts cell line, Swan 71
Authors: Ahn Sejin , Jeong Eunbee , Min Jae Woong , Kim Eunhee , Choi Sun Shim , Kim Chong Jae , Lee Deug‐Chan 
Published: June 2017

ProblemPreeclampsia is a serious pregnancy disorder characterized by gestational hypertension and proteinuria. miR‐210 is significantly overexpressed in the placentas of preeclampsia patients.Method of studySwan 71 cells, first‐trimester human trophoblastic cell line, were transfected with hsa‐miR‐210‐3p oligonucleotides by electroporation. Altered transcriptome was analyzed using microarray technique. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were clustered into Gene Ontology annotation biological processes. The extent of physical interaction between miR‐210 andIGFBP3mRNAwas assessed via ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation.ResultsMicroarray analysis showed 408DEGs by elevated levels of miR‐210 in Swan 71 cells. These genes were enriched in several biological processes involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.IGFBP3, a gene associated with preeclampsia pathophysiology, was validated as a target gene of miR‐210.ConclusionWe have demonstrated that elevated miR‐210 levels in human trophoblast alter the expression profile of known preeclampsia‐associated genes, and of gene targets involved in various biological processes essential to preeclampsia progression.