bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rescue‐Sink: Dynamic sink augmentation for RPL in the Internet of Things
Authors: Khelifi Nesrine , Nataf Emmanuel , Oteafy Sharief , Youssef Habib 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) is largely built on the interconnection of low‐power networked devices, generally referred to as low‐power and lossy networks (LLNs). The prime routing protocol designed over IPv6, named routing protocol for LLNs (RPL), presents the main effort to standardize an IPv6‐based routing protocol for all LLNs. Routing protocol for LLNs has gained significant prominence in IoT research due to its flexibility in adapting to different topologies and could run in agnostic replicas over the same network to serve different applications. However, as RPL is based on virtualizing a tree topology, many challenges ensue in scaling with network traffic and diverse traffic patterns in the IoT. The current RPL standard focus on operation under a single sink, toward which all traffic flows, and thereby its survivability determines the lifetime of the IoT network. However, it mentions briefly in its RFC6550, the using of multiple roots. However, it does not study when, where, and how deploying multiple roots. In this paper, we propose a dynamic Rescue Sink protocol, which actively monitors the performance of IoT nodes in a given RPL network and introduces a dynamic mechanism for mitigating RPL performance by introducing new sinks when needed. We define a suffering index computed over intervals by RPL nodes in a decentralized approach, which monitors their tendency to yield high traffic load without inducing control overhead. Furthermore, our Rescue Sink protocol is designed in line with the RPL standard, and we elaborate on all the components to integrate with the standard. We present a thorough evaluation of our Sink Rescue protocol, using the Cooja simulator over the Contiki OS, most prevalently used in IoT devices. We demonstrate the performance improvements in terms of energy consumption and data delivery.
Effect of preoperative immunonutrition on postoperative short‐term outcomes of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Aeberhard Carla , Mayer Catherine , Meyer Simone , Mueller Simon Andreas , Schuetz Philipp , Stanga Zeno , Giger Roland 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundPatients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) often acquire an impaired nutritional status resulting in compromised outcomes. Perioperative immunonutrition may have a positive effect on outcomes after elective surgery.MethodsShort‐term outcomes before and after implementation of preoperative immunonutrition were retrospectively assessed. Regression models adjusted for outcome predictors were used to compare the length of stay (LOS) in the hospital, local infections, and general complications.ResultsFour hundred eleven patients were included (control group = 209 and the intervention group = 202). With immunonutrition, hospital LOS was significantly lower (median 6 vs 8 days; adjusted mean difference of −5.65 days; P < .001) and local infections were significantly reduced (7.4% vs 15.3%; adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.30; P = .006). Subgroup analysis showed more pronounced effects in patients with previous radiotherapy and extensive surgery.ConclusionPatients receiving preoperative immunonutrition had a shorter hospital LOS and a lower rate for wound infections and local complications. These effects remained robust after a multivariate adjustment.
Engaging a disadvantaged community with a fruit and vegetable box scheme
Authors: Zorbas Christina , McCartan Julia , De Mel Randini , Narendra Karthika , Tassone Eliza C. , Yin Ebony , Palermo Claire 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIssue addressedInterventions which target the determinants of unhealthy diets are required to promote healthy eating and reduce the burdens of diet‐related diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and some cancers.MethodsQualitative interviews (n = 12) were conducted to explore the perspectives and experiences of local stakeholders regarding the implementation and uptake of a healthy eating initiative (a fruit and vegetable box scheme) in a disadvantaged, regional community.ResultsFactors affecting the community's engagement included marketing strategies, customer experiences, a community‐centred approach, partnerships and logistics.ConclusionsCommunity engagement is often essential for an intervention to be effective. The factors which influence community engagement should be considered during planning, especially when targeting disadvantaged groups.So what?Behavioural change interventions may continue to be met with limited success if community engagement and the overarching structural barriers to healthy eating are not addressed.
Left ventricular mass estimation by different partition values in a large population of black hypertensive subjects
Authors: Ojji Dike B. , Libhaber Elena , Alfa Jacob , Murtala Ngabea , Abdullahi Bolaji , Nwankwo Ada , Nnamonu Anita , Karen Sliwa 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAimsOur aim is to compare the impact of the 2 most widely used methods of indexing left ventricular mass (LVM) on the distribution of abnormal left ventricular (LV) geometric patterns, in a large sample of untreated asymptomatic black hypertensive subjects.Methods and ResultsAll patients with hypertension referred to the Cardiology unit of University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria from 2006 to 2013, who gave informed consent, and underwent physical examination and echocardiography. LVM indexation was classified into 4 geometric patterns after echocardiography: normal geometry, concentric hypertrophy, concentric remodeling, and eccentric hypertrophy. Concentric hypertrophy was the commonest geometric pattern and was detected in 33.6% to 39.5% of the patients. LVM/height2.7 was a better method to detect abnormal geometric pattern than LVM/BSA (P < 0.0001).ConclusionIn a large cohort of hypertensive subjects with no clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease, abnormal LV geometry was found in greater than four‐fifths of the population. In addition, LVM indexed for height 2.7 was found to be a better method for detecting LVH than LVM indexed for BSA, as the highest prevalence of abnormal geometry was diagnosed when LVM was indexed for height2.7.
I hear your yes‐no questions: Children's response tendencies to a humanoid robot
Authors: Okanda Mako , Zhou Yue , Kanda Takayuki , Ishiguro Hiroshi , Itakura Shoji 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study investigated the responses of 4‐ and 5‐year‐old Japanese children to yes‐no questions about familiar and unfamiliar objects that were asked by a communicative or a non‐communicative humanoid robot. The children in the communicative condition watched a pretrial video in which a humanoid robot interacted with a human adult, and those in the non‐communicative condition watched a pretrial video in which the same humanoid robot was unresponsive to the same human adult's utterances and actions. Then, all the children watched a video in which the robot asked 24 yes‐no questions. The results indicated that 4‐ and 5‐year‐olds in the two conditions showed similar response tendencies, with no age differences. Further, the children showed no response biases to familiar objects and nay‐saying bias to unfamiliar objects. Children's perception of robots is discussed.Highlights

We investigated whether 4‐ to 5‐year‐olds answer humanoid robot's yes‐no questions.
The children were asked yes‐no questions by either a communicative and non‐communicative humanoid robot.
Children in both age groups in two conditions showed similar response tendencies to humanoid robot: They may have expectation for humanoid robots that they are communicative partner.
A dyadic analysis of power in sibling and friend conflict in early childhood
Authors: Abuhatoum Shireen , Howe Nina , Della Porta Sandra , DeHart Ganie 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPower processes in siblings' and friends' conflict interactions are of significance for children's development and socialization. This study conducted a comparative analysis of power behaviours (resources and effectiveness) utilized by dyadic partners in sibling and friend conflict during early childhood when focal children were aged 4. The sample consisted of 65 families and included 347 sibling conflict sequences and 326 friend conflict sequences. Data based upon naturalistic observations were coded for resources of power and power effectiveness. Patterns of findings were identified in the conflict process. Specifically, dyads used simple demands most often, followed by coercive, then elaborated information, and finally questioning power. Despite similarities, sibling dyads used coercive power and negative reward power more often than friends. Regarding power effectiveness, sibling and friend dyads were most effective using coercive power, followed by elaborated, and then questioning power. These findings provide strong support for the importance of taking the dyadic relationship context into account when studying the power process in children's interactions.Highlights

How does siblings' and friends' dyadic use of power resources and effectiveness differ in the process and outcome of conflict in early childhood?
Data were based upon naturalistic observations of conflict, and findings provide strong support for dyadic analyses when studying the power process in siblings and friends interactions.
The findings provide new and novel insights regarding children's agency in conflict, thus highlighting the contributions of children to their own socialization process.
Does TV viewing during toddlerhood predict social difficulties and conduct problems?
Authors: Jackson Dylan B. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSome research suggests that various features of screen media use (e.g., television viewing) may promote or interfere with cognitive, social, or behavioural development. Nevertheless, empirical investigations of the link between features of TV/media use among very young subjects (e.g., toddlers) and subsequent social interactions with peers at school using nationally representative samples are lacking. The present study employs data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort, and a quasi‐experimental, propensity score matching design to explore the link between 3 components of TV viewing during toddlerhood (excessive viewing, unattended viewing, and adult content viewing), social difficulties, and conduct problems at school during the kindergarten school year. The results reveal that the risk of social difficulties with peers at school is heightened when family members do not engage in interactive TV viewing with toddlers or when toddlers primarily view adult programming. In contrast, excessive TV viewing among toddlers was not predictive of either social or behavioural problems upon entry into kindergarten in the matched sample. Ultimately, and in line with recent American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations, the findings suggest that interactive, engaged viewing of age‐appropriate content may be a more useful approach than simply limiting the amount of TV that toddlers are watching.Highlights

The present study explores toddler TV viewing and later social/behavioral development.
Using Propensity Score Matching techniques, unattended and age‐inappropriate viewing during toddlerhood was associated with an increased risk of social difficulties during kindergarten.
Aspects of viewing content and context during toddlerhood may be linked to social development during early childhood.
Age‐related changes in fiber tracts in healthy adult brains: A generalized q‐sampling and connectometry study
Authors: Liu Xiaojing , Gao Xiaodong , Zhang Li , Yuan Zilong , Zhang Chen , Lu Weizhao , Cui Dong , Zheng Fenglian , Qiu Jianfeng , Xie Jindong 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundGeneralized q‐sampling (GQI) and connectometry analysis provide new indices, i.e., quantitative anisotropy (QA) and spin distribution function (SDF) in comparison with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). They may provide more age‐related changes in white matter (WM) in aging.PurposeTo investigate the feasibility of using GQI and connectometry analysis to determine WM properties changes in aging.Study TypeCross‐cohort research.PopulationFifty normal adults (27 females) aged 21–71 years.Field Strength/SequenceT1‐weighted images (T1WI) and high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) images were acquired at 1.5T.AssessmentHARDI data were analyzed using DTI and GQI to obtain fractional anisotropy (FA), QA, fiber numbers, and fiber lengths for tract analysis and using q‐space diffeomorphic reconstruction (QSDR) for the connectometry analysis. We compared differences of DTI, GQI, and connectometry analysis to reflect WM changes in aging.Statistical TestsAssociations between FA, QA, and fiber numbers and lengths and age were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficients. The connectometry analysis was conducted using a multiple linear regression analysis, including age and gender as factors. UncorrectedP‐value/false discovery rate (FDR) (corrected for multiple comparisons) < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsMore regional changes were detected in FA related to age than changes in QA (17 > 6 regions,P< 0.05). Fewer regional changes in fiber numbers and more changes of fiber lengths were observed for DTI than for GQI (5 < 8/10 > 7 regions,P< 0.05). However, DTI and GQI analyses revealed consistent results in some regions, including the genu of the corpus callosum (GCC), body of the corpus callosum (BCC), fornix (Fx), and anterior coronal radiation (ACR) (P< 0.05). The connectometry analysis showed more tract changes associated with age at an FDR of 0.05, which partially overlapped with the FA and QA.Data ConclusionGQI and connectometry provide more information about age‐related tracts and complement the DTI findings.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2018;48:369–381.
Probing the non‐native states of Cytochrome c with resonance Raman spectroscopy: A tool for investigating the structure–function relationship
Authors: Milazzo Lisa , Tognaccini Lorenzo , Howes Barry D. , Smulevich Giulietta 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCytochrome c (Cyt c) is a single polypeptide chain hemoprotein located in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Under physiological conditions, His18 and Met80 are the fifth and sixth axial ligands, respectively, of the heme iron. Cyt c plays important roles in the cell because it acts as an electron carrier in the respiratory chain and as a reactive oxygen species scavenger. Moreover, direct interaction with cardiolipin, a phospholipid of the mitochondrial membrane, induces acquisition of peroxidase activity and subsequent release of Cyt c into the cytosol, where it acts as an apoptosis initiator. Cyt c has been extensively studied as a model protein to understand the general principles of protein folding, and it has been reported that the Met80 sixth ligand can be replaced by other internal or exogenous ligands depending on the pH or the presence of denaturing agents. The combination of ultraviolet–visible absorption and resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopy is a precious tool to identify the sixth heme iron ligand in the misligated forms. In particular, specific RR markers have been identified for each non‐native ligand. In this review, we illustrate the spectral variations and the corresponding RR marker bands observed for the different non‐native species. Furthermore, on the basis of these findings, we discuss the results obtained on the interaction of Cyt c with cardiolipin and the effect of mutating key residues in the Cyt c heme cavity, which has enhanced insight into protein unfolding and apoptosis.
Simple and efficient fabrication of dimers of silver colloidal particles for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Yoon Hyeokjin , Suh Jung Sang 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe developed a simple and efficient method to fabricate surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates consisting mainly of dimers of Ag colloidal particles. The SERS substrates were fabricated by immobilization of Ag colloidal particles on a cover glass coated with poly(4‐vinyl pyridine), and then adsorption of target molecules on the immobilized colloidal particles, and then second immobilization. To increase the surface charge of the colloidal particles, pristine silver sols were purified by centrifuging. Also, the colloidal particle diameter was optimized to achieve a high Raman signal enhancement from their dimers. When silver sols purified were used in the immobilizations, the dimers of Ag colloidal particles were formed dominantly with very few trimers and tetramers. The percentage of dimerization among Ag colloidal particles immobilized by the first immobilization was about 65%, 73%, and 77% when the second immobilization time was 10, 20, and 30 min, respectively. With an increase in the second immobilization duration, the peak intensity of the longitudinal mode of the dimers increased without any shift in its extinction peak wavelength (λmax) from 519 nm. By excitation with a 514.5 nm laser line, the highest enhancement was obtained when dimers were formed from the Ag colloidal particles whose average diameter was 28 nm. The fabricated substrates were very sensitive and stable. Also, they showed very good SERS spectra, with an average enhancement factor of ~6.2 × 107. The enhancement factor at the junction was estimated roughly to be 1.3 × 109. Our method could be used to measure SERS spectra of most molecules.
Identification and molecular docking study of novel angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from Salmo salar using in silico methods
Authors: Yu Zhipeng , Chen Yang , Zhao Wenzhu , Li Jianrong , Liu Jingbo , Chen Feng 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn order to circumvent some challenges of the classical approach, the in silico method has been applied to the discovery of angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides from food proteins. In this study, some convenient and efficient in silico tools were utilized to identify novel ACE inhibitory peptides from Salmo salar.RESULTSCollagen from Salmo salar was digested in silico into hundreds of peptides. Results revealed that tetrapeptides PGAR and IGPR showed potent ACE inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 0.598 ± 0.12 and 0.43 ± 0.09 mmol L−1, respectively. The molecular docking result showed that PGAR and IGPR interact with ACE mostly via hydrogen bonds and attractive charge. Peptide IGPR interacts with Zn+ at the ACE active site, showing high inhibitory activity.CONCLUSIONInteraction with Zn+ in ACE may lead to higher inhibitory activity of peptides, and Pi interactions may promote the effect of peptides on ACE. The in silico method can be an effective method to predict potent ACE inhibitory peptides from food proteins. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Fruit flesh volatile and carotenoid profile analysis within the Cucumis melo L. species reveals unexploited variability for future genetic breeding
Authors: Esteras Cristina , Rambla Jose Luis , Sánchez Gerardo , López‐Gresa M Pilar , González‐Mas M Carmen , Fernández‐Trujillo Juan Pablo , Bellés Jose María , Granell Antonio , Picó M Belén 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDAroma profile and carotenoids content of melon flesh are two important aspects influencing the quality of this fruit that have been characterized using only selected genotypes. However, the extant variability of the whole species remains unknown.RESULTSA complete view of the volatile/carotenoid profiles of melon flesh was obtained analyzing 71 accessions, representing the whole diversity of the species. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and high‐performance liquid chromatography were used to analyze 200 volatile compounds and five carotenoids. Genotypes were classified into two main clusters (high/low aroma), but with a large diversity of differential profiles within each cluster, consistent with the ripening behavior, flesh color and proposed evolutionary and breeding history of the different horticultural groups.CONCLUSIONOur results highlight the huge amount of untapped aroma diversity of melon germplasm, especially of non‐commercial types. Also, landraces with high nutritional value with regard to carotenoids have been identified. All this knowledge will encourage melon breeding, facilitating the selection of the genetic resources more appropriate to develop cultivars with new aromatic profiles or to minimize the impact of breeding on melon quality. The newly characterized sources provide the basis for further investigations into specific genes/alleles contributing to melon flesh quality. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Development of an automated flow injection analysis system for determination of phosphate in nutrient solutions
Authors: Karadağ Sevinç , Görüşük Emine M , Çetinkaya Ebru , Deveci Seda , Dönmez Koray B , Uncuoğlu Emre , Doğu Mustafa 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDA fully automated flow injection analysis (FIA) system was developed for determination of phosphate ion in nutrient solutions. This newly developed FIA system is a portable, rapid and sensitive measuring instrument that allows on‐line analysis and monitoring of phosphate ion concentration in nutrient solutions. The molybdenum blue method, which is widely used in FIA phosphate analysis, was adapted to the developed FIA system. The method is based on the formation of ammonium Mo(VI) ion by reaction of ammonium molybdate with the phosphate ion present in the medium. The Mo(VI) ion then reacts with ascorbic acid and is reduced to the spectrometrically measurable Mo(V) ion. New software specific for flow analysis was developed in the LabVIEW development environment to control all the components of the FIA system. The important factors affecting the analytical signal were identified as reagent flow rate, injection volume and post‐injection flow path length, and they were optimized using Box–Behnken experimental design and response surface methodology.RESULTSThe optimum point for the maximum analytical signal was calculated as 0.50 mL min−1 reagent flow rate, 100 µL sample injection volume and 60 cm post‐injection flow path length. The proposed FIA system had a sampling frequency of 100 samples per hour over a linear working range of 3–100 mg L−1 (R2 = 0.9995). The relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.09% and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.34 mg L−1.CONCLUSIONVarious nutrient solutions from a tomato‐growing hydroponic greenhouse were analyzed with the developed FIA system and the results were found to be in good agreement with vanadomolybdate chemical method findings. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry