bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Information Regarding Shared Genes Between Humans Improves Attitudes Towards World Members
Authors: Du Kangning , Hunter John A. , Yogeeswaran Kumar , Scarf Damian , Arahanga‐Doyle Hitaua , Ruffman Ted 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTLaypeople reason that different races share 68% of their genes. In fact, the Human Genome Project indicates that humans, regardless of race, share 99.9% of our genetic material and that only 1/200th of 1% has been used to group people into the five classically conceived races. We reasoned that information about shared genetics might compel participants to extend their ingroup to include those formerly in the outgroup. In three studies, we showed participants an 11‐min video with this information and compared this to a music video. In Study 1, we examined 123 European New Zealanders and found that attitudes towards individuals in other countries (measured by questions such as How much do you believe in being loyal to all mankind?) improved significantly from pre‐ to post‐test compared to a music video detailing the effect of music on a child's brain. In Study 2, we replicated this effect with a group of 93 European participants in the United Kingdom. In Study 3, we replicated this effect again with a group of 150 participants from the United Kingdom and showed that the effect is independent of age, political orientation, need for cognitive control and submissiveness.
Causal relationship between oral microbiota and epilepsy risk: Evidence from Mendelian randomization analysis in East Asians
Authors: Zhao Chenyang , Chen Fei , Li Qiong , Zhang Wei , Peng Lixiu , Yue Chaoyan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveGut microbiota can traverse into the brain, activate the vagus nerve, and modulate immune responses and inflammatory processes, thereby influencing the onset of epileptic seizures. However, research on oral microbiota and epilepsy remains limited, and observational studies have been inconsistent. We aim to estimate the potential links between oral microbiota and epilepsy and elucidate which specific oral microbes may directly influence the pathogenesis of epilepsy.MethodsA two‐sample MR analysis was conducted using genome‐wide association study (GWAS) data specific to OM and epilepsy in East Asian individuals. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) independent of confounders served as instrumental variables (IVs) to deduce causality. MR methodologies, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR‐Egger, weighted median, and weighed mode methods, were utilized. Sensitivity analysis, including Cochrane's Q test, MR‐Egger intercept test, and leave‐one‐out analysis, was applied to confirm the robustness of results.ResultsAmong the 3117 bacterial taxa examined, we observed that 14 OM, like s_Streptococcus_mitis, s_Streptococcus_pneumoniae, and s_Haemophilus, were positively associated with epilepsy, while 7 OM, like g_Fusobacterium and g_Aggregatibacter, were negatively related to epilepsy. The MR‐Egger intercept suggested that no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy was observed (p > 0.05). The leave‐one‐out analysis validated the robustness of the results.SignificanceThis study underscores the effect of OM on epilepsy, suggesting potential mechanisms between the OM and epilepsy. Further investigation into the potential role of the OM is needed to enhance our in‐depth understanding of the pathogenesis of epilepsy.Plain Language SummaryPrevious research has demonstrated that the microbiota may influence the onset of epileptic seizures. We applied 3117 oral microbiota from the newest publicly available database of East Asian populations. Mendelian randomization analysis was utilized to estimate the causal relationship between oral microbiota and epilepsy. Our results showed that a causal effect exists between 21 oral microbiota and epilepsy. We provided genetic evidence for risk assessment and early intervention in epilepsy.
Comprehensive evaluation of rockburst risk by multiparameter characteristics based on microseismic signals: A case study
Authors: Li Yong‐yuan , Tian Xin‐yuan , Zhang Xiu‐feng , Hu Shun , Zhang Rupei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNowadays, the seismological monitoring system in China is a valuable tool in the rockburst risk evaluation for deep coal mines. In the past, only parameters, like source location and energy, are widely used to estimate the risk level of rockburst. Sometimes, it is effective; however, some other important physical parameters, such as apparent stress drop, static stress drop, P‐wave velocity, and moment tensor, should also be included in order to improve the accuracy of risk assessment. In this study, these parameters are calculated using mine tremor signals recorded in the LW35001 workface of Liangbaosi Coal Mine. These calculations provide an overall identification of periodical stress distribution and rock mass energy‐releasing type under high concentrated stress. Via linear moment tensor inversion procedure, the source mechanism of mine tremors and stress state of the rock mass is determined whether it is risk or not to underground roadway. This comprehensive analysis provides a specific guidance for rockburst prevention for coal mine management, that is, knowing when and where measures must be taken to decrease the risk level or induce the occurrence of rockburst under control.
Numerical simulation analysis of effect of borehole gas extraction under fluid‐structure interaction
Authors: Wang Lin , Yang Ziyao , Chen Xiangjun , Feng Shuailong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo study the effect of coal pressure on gas extraction under fluid‐solid coupling, the effect of gas extraction radius under different pore sizes and treatment methods was simulated by using COMSOL Multiphysics software, the time evolution law of gas pressure on coal surface was obtained, and the numerical simulation results were verified by the observation of flow rate and concentration in experimental mine combined with fluid‐solid interaction. The results show that the distance of extraction radius increases with the increase of borehole diameter, and the relation between extraction time and extraction radius is a power function, but the increase gets smaller and smaller until it becomes zero. For Φ98 mm borehole and Φ120 mm borehole, hydraulic treatment can increase the efficiency of gas extraction by 31.3% and 22.7%, respectively. For hydraulic treatment and conventional treatment, the ratio of gas drainage effect by enlarging hole size is 6.3% and 13.8% respectively. Compared with the areas without gas extraction under the four conditions, the descending speed of gas pressure from fast to slow is Φ120 mm hydraulic flushing treatment, Φ98 mm hydraulic flushing treatment, Φ120 mm conventional treatment, Φ98 mm conventional treatment. Compared with four different conditions, after 180 days of extraction the coal gas pressure decreased by 75.3% within reasonable hole spacing. At the same time, in multi‐hole pumping, the influence area of adjacent borehole is larger than that of single‐hole pumping, and the spacing of borehole should be less than twice the radius of pumping.
Communities of practice as an effective ECB approach for nonevaluation specialists: A case study in an Australian state government department
Authors: Gomez Florent , Argyrous George 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAmong the various evaluation capacity building strategies, there is an important opportunity to enhance the evidence on the effectiveness of communities of practice (CoPs). We argue that evaluation CoPs have great potential to develop evaluative thinking among nonevaluation specialists and build the foundations of a sustainable organizational evaluation culture. This article presents a case study of an evaluation community of practice in an Australian state government agency, with evidence collected over 4 years against a comprehensive evaluation framework. It outlines in detail an empirically tested evaluation‐CoP good practice from the initial design and logic model to implementation and measurement against individual, group, and organizational outcomes.
Epilogue: Looking forward
Authors: López Megan , Wilson Becho Lyssa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInspired by recent advancements in evaluation capacity building (ECB), we developed an issue of New Directions for Evaluation to respond to the call to action made by fellow researchers and practitioners to leverage evaluation to expand upon our understanding of meaningful ECB and share practical lessons learned. The resulting issue brought practitioners and scholars together to reflect on and share their contributions to knowledge around the evaluation of ECB as they pertain to research, theory, methodological approaches, and practical applications. This epilog highlights key themes and practical lessons that can support others in their approaches to ECB evaluation. As this issue aims to continue, and in some cases kick‐start, conversations about the evaluation of ECB, future directions for research and practice are explored. We conclude with a call to action, urging those engaging in ECB to plan to evaluate their important initiatives and share relevant findings to others in the field.
Delivery of dietary messages for type 2 diabetic patients by dental practitioners: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Paterson Kailey , Franks Kay , Wallace Janet , Sharma Dileep 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this scoping review is to identify and understand the available evidence on the delivery of dietary messages to patients with type 2 diabetes in a dental setting. The outcome of a scoping review in this area will inform the development of a clinical intervention for dietary counseling at the chairside.IntroductionDiabetics are at a higher risk for developing periodontal disease, and the severity of periodontal disease can impact the ability to control glucose levels. Considering the prevalence of diabetes within the community, dental practitioners are well placed to provide dietary messages to support this cohort during the management of periodontal disease.Inclusion CriteriaStudies that consider the population affected by type 2 diabetes and a dietary intervention in the context of a dental setting will be included.MethodsThe databases selected for sources of studies are MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and SCOPUS. The scoping review will be conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. Only English language studies are eligible for inclusion in this review. Terms relating to dietary advice, diabetes, dental practitioner and health education will be used to search for related studies. Screening based on abstract, and titles will be followed by full text screening with results supplied in PRISMA‐SCR diagram. A data extraction tool will be used to chart the details of selected studies then presented in a venn diagram and word map along with a narrative synthesis of results.
Uptake, translocation and health risk assessment of nonylphenol in vegetables under reclaimed water irrigation
Authors: Hu Yaqi , Ma Meng , Gao Lihui , Wu Wenyong , Xu Di 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNonylphenol (NP) is one of the typical endocrine‐disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which can be harmful at very low concentrations. Municipal sewage and reclaimed water are its two main sources. EDCs can enter into the soil with reclaimed water irrigation and accumulate in plants, causing environmental and human health risks. The occurrence and migration of NP in soil‐crop systems were studied by pot experiments of lettuce and eggplants simulating long‐term irrigation with reclaimed water. The health risks were also evaluated. The experiments set treatments with different initial soil NP concentrations (0.28–6.42 mg/kg) and soil moisture (60%–90% field water capacity [FC]). After harvest, the NP in edible parts of lettuce and eggplants were 35.80–54.30 and 15.45–23.38 μg/kg, respectively. The residual amounts of NP in the soil‐lettuce system and soil‐eggplant system were limited with the residual rates of 0.9%–24.4% and 0.3%–14.5%, respectively. The results showed that the lettuce and eggplant tissues had the highest bioconcentration factors (BCFs) in 75% FC and the translocation factors (TFs) tended to decrease with the initial soil NP contents increased. The noncancer hazard quotients (HQ) for adults and children exposed to NP had the order of 10−5, which showed little health risk for reclaimed water irrigation.
An injectable hydrogel of porcine cholecyst extracellular matrix for accelerated wound healing
Authors: Pratheesh Kanakarajan V. , Nair Reshma S. , Purnima Chandramohanan , Raj Reshmi , Mony Manjula P. , Geetha Chandrika S. , Sobhan Praveen K. , Ramesan Rekha M. , Nair Prabha D. , Thomas Lynda V. , Anilkumar Thapasimuthu Vijayamma 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHydrogel formulations of xenogeneic extracellular matrices have been widely used for topical wound care because of their exceptional tunability over other formulations like lyophilized sheets, powders, non‐injectable gels, pastes, and ointments. This is important in the treatment of wounds with irregular shapes and depth. This study identified an injectable hydrogel formulation of porcine cholecyst extracellular matrix (60%) in medical‐grade carboxymethyl cellulose (40%) as vehicle and evaluated its biomaterial properties. Further, an in‐depth evaluation of in vivo wound healing efficacy was conducted in a rat full‐thickness skin excision wound healing model, which revealed that the hydrogel formulation accelerated wound healing process compared to wounds treated with a commercial formulation and untreated wounds. The hydrogel appeared to have promoted a desirable pro‐regenerative tissue reaction predominated by Th2 helper lymphocytes and M2 macrophages as well as an effective collagen remodeling indicative of diminished scarring. In conclusion, the porcine cholecyst extracellular matrix injectable hydrogel formulation appeared to be a promising candidate formulation as an advanced wound care biomaterial for faster healing of skin wounds with minimal scarring.
The Increase in Urban Heat Due to Global Warming Can be Significantly Affected by the Structure of the Land Use and Land Cover
Authors: Janků Zdeněk , Geletič Jan , Lehnert Michal , Dobrovolný Petr 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTUrban populations are increasingly exposed to excessive heat. Heat distribution in the urban environment can be affected by several factors, including the spatial arrangement of land use/land cover (LULC) that is specific to a given city. This study applies a climate model with urban canopy parameterisation to downscale future climate projections and simulate the spatio‐temporal pattern of heat in the urban environment to better understand the effect of LULC structure on its distribution. Heat conditions are characterised by climate indices that are well representative in two mid‐sized Central European cities of Brno and Ostrava (Czech Republic). Our results show that the annual number of hot days (HOT), summer days (SUD), tropical nights (TRN) and warm nights (WAN) will increase significantly (p < 0.01) in the 21st century in both cities. The model also simulates a more intensive increase and a higher spatio‐temporal variability in all indices in Brno compared to Ostrava. In Brno, the annual number of HOT and TRN is projected to be more than 500% of the 1981–2010 reference period's value by the end of the 21st century under the RCP 8.5 scenario. To determine the causes of the differences in heat distribution, we applied LULC configuration metrics and correlation analysis using various geographical factors. The higher risk of urban heat in Brno compared to Ostrava can be attributed to a more homogenised and less fragmented LULC structure and to the more substantial role of altitude in the complex terrain of Brno. Other factors, such as the presence of impervious surfaces and vegetation, have a similar effect on the variability of the studied indices in both cities. Urban planners should consider the role of the LULC structure and the changes that can be made in a city when designing adaptation measures to mitigate the effects of urban heat.
Impact of Preoperative Counseling and Education on Decreasing Anxiety in Patients With Gynecologic Tumors: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Teixeira Milena Roberta , Oliveira Gabriela da Silva , Andrade Carlos Eduardo Mattos Cunha , Schmidt Ronaldo Luis , Teodoro Valiana Alves , Pedrão Priscila Grecca , Baiocchi Glauco , Paiva Carlos Eduardo , dos Reis Ricardo 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of counseling and preoperative education on reducing anxiety in patients undergoing surgery for gynecologic cancer.MethodsIn this randomized clinical trial, patients with gynecological tumors undergoing surgical treatment between 15 and 60 days preoperatively, were included. The group was randomized to receive preoperative routine orientation plus preoperative counseling and education by nursing (experimental group [EG]) or receive preoperative routine orientation only (control group [CG]). We stratified the groups by surgical approach: open, laparoscopy, and robotic. We excluded patients treated in another service and with the need for an intensive care unit after surgery. We used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to evaluate symptoms of anxiety and depression. The severity of symptoms was evaluated using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS‐Br).ResultsWe analyzed 54 women (CG 27, EG 27). No significant differences were observed regarding ESAS scores (total, physical, emotional, well‐being, and anxiety) between preoperative and postoperative evaluation. However, in the EG, comparing the preoperative versus postoperative moments, there was a significant reduction in total, emotional, and anxiety scores of ESAS (p = 0.012; p = 0.003; p = 0.001). No difference in anxiety symptoms by HADS scale was noted between the two groups, comparing preoperative and postoperative moments, CG (40.7% and 22.2%) and EG (37.0% and 25.9%) (p = 0.78; p = 0.75), respectively. Also, in depression symptoms (HADS scale), we found no difference comparing preoperative and postoperative moments (p = 0.34; p > 0.99). When we stratified by surgical approach or time between intervention and surgery ( ≤ 15, > 15 to ≤ 30, and > 30 days), no difference was observed in the anxiety and depression symptoms evaluation, in both groups.ConclusionsThe preoperative education by nurse orientation reduced the total, emotional, and anxiety symptoms of ESAS score between preoperative and postoperative moments. However, by the HADS scale, there was no difference in anxiety and depression symptoms.
Influences of Variability in Attenuation Compensation on the Estimation of Backscatter Coefficient of Median Nerves in Vivo
Authors: Wu Yuanshan , Barrere Victor , Han Aiguo , Chang Eric Y. , Andre Michael , Shah Sameer B. 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivePeripheral nerves remain a challenging target for medical imaging, given their size, anatomical complexity, and structural heterogeneity. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) applies a set of techniques to estimate tissue acoustic parameters independent of the imaging platform. Many useful medical and laboratory applications for QUS have been reported, but challenges remain for deployment in vivo, especially for heterogeneous tissues. Several phenomena introduce variability in attenuation estimates, which may influence the estimation of other QUS parameters. For example, estimating the backscatter coefficient (BSC) requires compensation for the attenuation of overlying tissues between the transducer and the underlying tissue of interest. The purpose of this study is to extend prior studies by investigating the efficacy of several analytical methods of estimating attenuation compensation on QUS outcomes in the human median nerve.MethodsMedian nerves were imaged at the volar wrist in vivo and beam‐formed radiofrequency (RF) data were acquired. Six analytical approaches for attenuation compensation were compared: 1–2) attenuation estimated by applying spectral difference method (SDM) and spectral log difference method (SLDM) independently to regions of interest (ROIs) overlying the nerve and to the nerve ROI itself; 3–4) attenuation estimation by applying SDM and SLDM to ROIs overlying the nerve, and transferring these properties to the nerve ROI; and 5–6) methods that apply previously published values of tissue attenuation to the measured thickness of each overlying tissue. Mean between‐subject estimates of BSC‐related outcomes as well as within‐subject variability of these outcomes were compared among the 6 methods.ResultsCompensating for attenuation using SLDM and values from the literature reduced variability in BSC‐based outcomes, compared to SDM. Variability in attenuation coefficients contributes substantially to variability in backscatter measurements.ConclusionThis work has implications for the application of QUS to in vivo diagnostic assessments in peripheral nerves and possibly other heterogeneous tissues.
Endoscopic and Open Treatment Techniques for Posterior Glottic Stenosis in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Chernov Evan S. , Marrero‐Gonzalez Alejandro , Nguyen Shaun A. , Ghanem Anthony , White David R. 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate the outcomes of open and endoscopic posterior cricoid split grafting and mucosal flaps for the treatment of pediatric posterior glottic stenosis (PGS).Data SourcesCOCHRANE Library, CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus databases.MethodsStudies were grouped by treatment method. Outcomes included decannulation rate, improvement in airway obstruction, remaining vocal symptoms, and subsequent airway procedures. A meta‐analysis of continuous measures and proportions (%) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was conducted.ResultsNineteen studies with 223 patients were included, with 72 patients having isolated PGS. Twelve studies (n = 23) reported endoscopic repair (group 1), while seven studies (n = 49) reported open techniques (group 2). Most patients in group 1 and group 2 had grade IV PGS (55.9% [26.1%–83.5%] and 56.9% [30.5%–80.8%], respectively). Post‐operatively, 70.8% [43.5%–91.7%] of group 1 patients had tracheostomies with 83.4% [62.1%–95.5%] subsequently being decannulated, whereas 97.3% [89.1%–99.8%] of group 2 patients had tracheostomies post‐operatively with 90.2% [79.2%–96.5%] subsequently being decannulated. Group 1 and group 2 had 87.1% [70.5%–96.3%] and 84.4% [64.9%–95.5%] improvement in airway obstruction, respectively.ConclusionThere are multiple open and endoscopic surgical options for pediatric PGS. Posterior cricoid split with cartilage graft and mucosal advancement flaps can be performed for high PGS grades. Endoscopic and open techniques are efficacious with high decannulation rates and improvement in airway obstruction, with endoscopic surgeries offering a less invasive approach. Laryngoscope, 135:1000–1007, 2025