bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective analysis of type I thyroplasty using gore-tex implant
Authors: Mohanty Sanjeev , . Sreenivas , T. Vinay Raj , . Devipriya , M. Vinoth 
Published: March 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Vocal cord paralysis is a clinical sign caused by paralysis of intrinsic muscles of larynx due to dysfunction of recurrent laryngeal nerve. There are several methods available surgically for the medialisation of the abducted vocal cord. One of the common effective modality is the Gore-Tex medialisation thyroplasty. The results depend on a number of factors including the surgical expertise and extrusion of the Gore –Tex implant. This study is aimed at analysis of all Gore-Tex medialisation thyroplasty done at our centre. Prospectively asses and analyze the vocal outcomes and quality of life of patients in type 1 medialisation thyroplasty using Gore-Tex implant.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Prospective study of 48 months on 30 patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis. Surgical procedure for the patients was standardized by using Gore-Tex implant to medialize the cord. Video-Laryngoscopy at end of 1<sup>st</sup> month and stroboscopy &amp; voice analysis at end of 3<sup>rd</sup> month post treatment, the parameters used for the pre and post treatment objective analysis are a) stroboscopic analysis, b) psychoacoustic evaluation, c) maximum phonation time, d) patient’s self-assessment. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In our study of 30 patients with a follow up period of 48 months, we can conclude as follows – a)unilateral vocal cord paralysis does not have age or gender specificity, b)statistically significant vocal cord palsy affects the left side more by 70%, c)post op Gore-tex medialisation thyroplasty showed a statistically highly significant improvement in psychoacoustic, mean phonation time, d)post op Gore-Tex medialisation thyroplasty showed a statistically significant improvement in videostroboscopic analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Psycho acoustic, mean phonation time analysis would complement each other in the assessment of the medialisation thyroplasty thus obviating videostroboscopy.</p>
Effects of adenoidectomy and adenotonsillectomy on the components of Waldeyer ring
Authors: Bhat Vikram K. , Shetty Deekshith , Nagaiah Preetham H. 
Published: March 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The consolidated effects of adenoidectomy alone and adenotonsillectomy on the Waldeyer ring need to be studied in children. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">This was a clinical trial with a sample size of 100 in each of the two arms [Group A: adenoidectomy alone, Group B: adenotonsillectomy]. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">It was found that the association between adenoid recurrence (Risk 3 times) and palatine tonsil hypertrophy (Risk 11 times) in Group A patients at 3 and 6 months was extremely significant. Whereas lingual tonsil hypertrophy was found to be highly associated with Group B. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">If adenoidectomy alone is performed, there are high chances of hypertrophy of palatine tonsils, lateral pharyngeal bands and a high risk of adenoid recurrence. If adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy are performed together there is some chance of lingual tonsil hypertrophy. Hence it would be prudent to perform both the surgeries simultaneously in most children for better control of chronic infections and obstructive sleep apnoea </span>symptoms<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>
Role of usage of antibiotics in pharyngitis: a prospective study
Authors: Deepthi M. , Narsimloo K. 
Published: March 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Antibiotic resistance is emerging as a global public health problem and is growing day by day in both developed and developing countries. This study aims at scientific investigation into the need for the use of antibiotics in cases of pharyngitis. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">A prospective study of 2000 patients complaining of sore throat, randomly selected from outpatient department during 1 year period from August 2015 – 2016 .They were studied clinically and investigated for infectious etiology and the role of usage of antibiotics was analysed. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Among 2000 patients, 1840 patients were relieved of sorethroat with only symptomatic treatment. Antibiotics were given only in 160 patients (8%) as throat swab demonstrated bacterial growth. Most common organisms were Group A beta haemolytic <em>Streptococci</em> and </span><em>E coli</em><span lang="EN-IN">. Allergic pharyngitis and laryngo pharyngeal reflux disease constituted the important causes of sore throat among middle age groups (20-40 years) and elderly age groups (50-60 years) respectively. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Antibiotics should not be given to patients unless there is documentary evidence of bacterial infection. Most of the patients (92%) did not require antibiotic prescription, the illness was self-limiting in acute cases and patients who demonstrated allergic and laryngo-pharyngeal reflux etiology required symptomatic medication. Inadvertent use of antibiotics will lead to spread of resistance in the community; this will limit the usage of higher antibiotics for complicated cases and ICU patients. This highlights opportunity to enhance physician‘s awareness for reducing inadvertent use of antibiotics among adult pharyngitis patients and optimizing Antibiotic therapy usage.</span></p>
A retrospective study of noise induced hearing loss in a tertiary care hospital of Jharkhand - an alarming but ignorant truth
Authors: Singh Pradeep Kumar , Kumar Nishant , Kumar Dheeraj , Shrivastava Nisha , Kumar Abhishek 
Published: March 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) is hearing impairment resulting from exposure to loud sound. People may have a loss of perception of a narrow range of frequencies, impaired cognitive perception of sound, or other impairment, including sensitivity to sound or ringing in the ears. NIHL is 2<sup>nd</sup> most common cause of hearing loss, next to presbycusis. Most of the population of developing countries is ignorant of the hazards of excessive noise exposure. 1) To describe the socio-demograpic profile of patients in the young age group (18-35 years) with noise induced hearing loss in Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Ranchi during June 2015- November 2016. 2) To study the major presenting complaints. 3) To categorize the patients on the basis of degree of hearing loss.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Data for study was collected from RIMS Out Patient Department (OPD) register during period June 2015 – November 2016 (18 months).Total sample size for this period was 50. Templates were generated in MS excel sheet and data analysis was done using SPSS software (version 20). </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Study showed NIHL was more common in urban (82%) and male (72%) population. More than half (54%) patients presented with hearing loss and 24% with tinnitus. Most of the patients had bilateral mild hearing loss (70%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> NIHL is more common in urban males, mostly in age group (26-35 years). More than 2/3<sup>rd</sup> (68% ) of patients had history of exposure to loud noise. </p>
A comparative study on effects of diabetes on auditory functions as measured by BERA and DPOAE
Authors: Joshi K. D. , Galagali J. R. , Kanzhuly Manoj Kumar , Singh I. D. 
Published: March 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Diabetes is prevalent endocrine disorder associated with many complications. However, the link between auditory dysfunctions and diabetes is still vague. The current study aims to correlate auditory dysfunction caused by DM, measured by distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) &amp; brainstem evoked otoacoustic emissions (BERA). </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">This is a descriptive (comparative) study in which auditory functions of 100 diabetics and 100 matched non-diabetics were assessed by distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) &amp; brainstem evoked otoacoustic emissions (BERA). The data for diabetic and non- diabetic group was compared and analysed. Effects of age of individual on auditory functions were also analysed separately using suitable statistical tests.<strong> </strong>The data collected was analysed with suitable statistical tests were performed with </span><span lang="EN-GB">a significance level of ɑ=0.1 </span><span lang="EN-IN">using SPSS 2.0 software. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The demographical variable was comparable in both the groups. The results showed decline in free field hearing, which are further adversely affected by duration of diabetes and patient’s age. The pure tone thresholds were not significantly higher in diabetics; however the thresholds were significantly higher in diabetics in older age groups. The hearing loss appear at early age in diabetics but gradually become indistinguishable from age related hearing loss. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Although the auditory dysfunction can be linked to diabetes, but are usually not detectable at earliest stages with routine clinical and audiological tests. The DPOAE and BERA have role to play in monitoring of the auditory dysfunction.</span></p>
A clinical study of inhalant allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Choudhari Suhas Y. , Sangavi Aravind B. 
Published: March 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The basis of diagnosis of allergy requires a good history and examination, however, the diagnosis cannot be confirmed on the basis of symptoms alone, because both allergic and non-allergic conditions can present with similar symptoms. Hence, allergy testing in the form of specific IgE (sIgE) measurement is an important aid in demonstrating both the presence and severity of such an allergy. The present study was undertaken to find out the common environmental allergens prevailing in Raichur causing allergic rhinitis, using carbohydrate cross reactive determinants (CCD), an in vitro test with high degree of sensitivity.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present prospective study was conducted among 30 patients with allergic rhinitis. A detailed general andENT examination were done, X-ray ofPNS, CT scan ofPNS, diagnostic nasal endoscopy and nasal smear examination for eosinophils, absolute eosinophil count and serum IgE levels using Euroimmun system of in vitro assay of specific IgE antibodies. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Allergy to dust mite, D. faranie, corn, carnation flower, sunflower, sheep wool and straw dust were the most frequent allergens causing allergic symptoms among patients in Raichur area. Total serum IgE was elevated in all the patients, 60% were allergic to dust mite as found by anti CCD specific IgE.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Antibodies to dust mite D. faranie, rye, T. mothy grass was the commonest finding. Identification of inhalant allergens is an important factor in prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis. </p>
Parapharyngeal space schwannomas: our experience and review of literature
Authors: Singh Inderdeep , Gupta Vikas , Goyal Sunil , Kumar Manoj , Singh Anubhav 
Published: March 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tumors of the parapharyngeal space are a rare group of head &amp; neck tumors. Due to their indolent nature they present late with either cranial nerve palsy or lateral neck swelling. The aim of the study was i) to determine the incidence of parapharyngeal space schwannoma among defence personnel’s and their dependents presenting to ENT OPD and ii) to study the clinical presentation, management and outcomes of such lesion.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study is a retrospective observational study. All new patients referred to ENT OPD at our center were included in the study. Data was collected from our OPD records over two years between Jan 2015 and Dec 2016. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> It was found that the incidence rate of parapharyngeal space schwannoma was 0.034% out of all fresh cases reporting to ENT OPD and 0.47% out of all fresh diagnosed cases of head and neck tumours at our centre. Out of the total 5 cases of parapharyngeal space schwannomas, 2 patients had vagal schwannomas and one each had hypoglossal nerve schwannoma, spinal accessory nerve schwannoma and sympathetic chain schwannoma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Schwannomas of the parapharyngeal region can be very extensive and may require to be removed in a staged procedure involving the head &amp; neck and neurosurgeons.It is important to distinguish these tumors from other head and neck malignancies by detail clinical and radiological examinations. Despite the benign nature of the disease, the surgery can be morbid with cranial nerve palsies in extensive tumors. </p>
The efficacy of fat myringoplasty in small central perforation of pars tensa
Authors: Gangwani Rachana W , Ambani Kirti P. , Vakharia Sanket D , M. Bhavya B. , Katarkar Ashish U. 
Published: March 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> In the present study, an attempt was made to study the effectiveness of fat graft material and the improvement in hearing following fat myringoplasty in small central perforations of pars tensa.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective study was carried out in our tertiary centre between October 2014 to October 2015 in 38 patients selected randomly who attended our ENT OPD. Patients with tubotympanic type of chronic suppurative otitis media CSOM (TT), with dry small central perforation involving less than 25% of tympanic membrane (TM) were included. Patients with ossicular fixation or disruption with air bone gap (ABG) &gt;40dB were excluded. All procedures were performed under local anesthesia (LA). Fat graft was harvested from ear lobule and was placed through endomeatal microscopic approach after freshening perforation margin. All patients were followed up to 5months postoperative period and graft status and audiological assessment was made. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In 86.8% cases (33 patients) graft was taken up while in 13.2% cases (5 patients) graft was not taken up. Mean pre-operative air conduction in right/left ear was 28.5±7.6/27.1±8.5 and post-operative was 24.9±5.3/23.4±6.9 dB respectively. Similarly, it was seen that mean pre-operative air bone gap in right/left ear was 17.6±7.2/17.0±7.4 and post-operative was 14.0±5.3/13.2±6 dB respectively.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> It is a very safe, simpler procedure and in this we don’t disturb the annulus so the chance of lateralization or medialization of graft is nil. During fat myringoplasty the angle of tympanic membrane and anterior recess is maintained in natural position and we don’t disturb acoustics, so fat myringoplasty is an excellent option especially for small perforation.
Benign eccrine poroma of neck: an unusual presentation
Authors: Munjal Manish , Arora Archana , Talwar Gopika , Sood Neena 
Published: March 2017

<p>Poroma refers to benign adnexal neoplasm derived from the terminal portion of the duct of sweat gland. About two-thirds are seen in middle aged and the elderly. The plantar surface or sides of feet followed by hands and fingers, and rarely the face or neck are the sites of predilection. This study included case report of 36 year old male presented with a lower midline neck swelling, insidious in onset and gradually progressive. On examination: swelling was about 2×2 cm, doughy in consistency, non-tender and freely mobile over the underlying muscles. Ultrasonography neck showed a hyperintense adnexal soft tissue with no fixity to the underlying structures. Surgical intervention via an elliptical incision was undertaken. Skin and subcutaneous tissue separated and underlying swelling identified to be attaching superficially. It was removed in toto and base was cauterized and transfixed. Postoperative period was uneventful. No recurrence recorded till 6 months. Histopathological examination was consistent with benign adnexal tumor eccrine poroma. Meticulous evaluation of the individual presenting with poroma is undertaken to reach the correct diagnosis. Existing literature suggests the treatment of eccrine and apocrine poromas consists of simple excision. If the lesion recurs after excision or presents with ulceration, bleeding, pain, or accelerated growth, a suspicion of eccrine “porocarcinoma” should be considered and the lesion investigated accordingly. </p>
INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER (ITS), AN IDEAL DNA BARCODE FOR SPECIES DISCRIMINATION IN CRAWFURDIA WALL. (GENTIANACEAE)
Authors: Zhang Dequan , Jiang Bei , Duan Lizhen , Zhou Nong 
Published: March 2017

Background: DNA barcoding is a technique used to identify species based on species-specific differences in short regions of their DNA. It is widely used in species discrimination of medicinal plants and traditional medicines.
Materials and Methods: In the present study, four potential DNA barcodes, namely rbcL, matK, trnH-psbA and ITS (nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer) were adopted for species discrimination in Crawfurdia Wall (Genetiaceae). Discriminatory ability of these DNA barcodes and combinations were evaluated using three classic methods (Distance, Blast and Tree-Building).
Results: As a result, ITS, trnH-psbA and rbcL regions showed extremely great universality for a success rate of 100%; whereas matK was disappointing for which only 65% samples gained useful DNA sequences. ITS region performed very well in this study which could clearly and effectively identify the five species in Crawfurdia. On the contrary, trnH-psbA and rbcL were much weaker in discrimination among these species.
Conclusion: ITS marker was an ideal DNA barcode in Crawfurdia and it should be incorporated into one of the core barcodes for seed plants.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS, ETHANOLIC AND METHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACTS FROM ACACIA SPP. AND Eucalyptus nicholii
Authors: Silva Ermelinda , Fernandes Sara , Bacelar Eunice , Sampaio Ana 
Published: March 2017

Background: In Europe, Acacia and Eucalyptus, originate large amounts of biomass, due to their need by industries and other
biological control, that can be used to extract antimicrobial substances.
Materials and Methods: Foliar aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Acacia baileyana (Cootamundra wattle), Acacia
dealbata (silver wattle), Acacia melanoxylon (black wattle) and Eucalyptus nicholii (narrow-leaved black peppermint) were assessed
for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis, using the disc
diffusion method.
Results: Ethanolic extracts from A. baileyana and A. dealbata showed significant (P< 0.05) antimicrobial activity. Concerning the
microbial species tested, differences were found in A. baileyana (P< 0.01) and E. nicholii (P< 0.0001) extracts. These two extracts
were effective mostly against B. cereus, followed by C. parapsilosis. According to the antimicrobial activity classification, eucalypt
and Cootamundra and silver wattles extracts (both water and ethanol) presented good efficacy against B. cereus, a food poisoning
agent, and moderate efficacy against the remaining microorganisms. E. coli, a Gram negative, exhibited low sensibility to all foliar
extracts.
Conclusion: A. baileyana, E. nicholii and A. dealbata foliar biomass could be used to develop alternative substances in microbial
control.
Management of Change Delivery Decision Making Through the Force Field Analysis in Georgia
Authors: Cheishvili Jilda , Zarnadze Irene , Zarnadze Shalva 
Published: March 2017

<div><p><em>Children’s generation of Georgia recovers parent’s generations only for 70-80%. According to same data, there are only 14 countries with the similar low indicators. The increase of C-section can cause the decrease of birthdates.</em></p><p><em>WHO recommended The Partnership for Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health - </em><em>through the creation of an <strong>Advocacy Team.</strong></em><em> (WHO, 2005).</em><em> This model ensures the relaxed environment where the mothers can receive information delivered by qualified health workers, who teach pregnant women and family members about health and well-being. </em><em>Advocacy Team comprises - nurses, medical students, and volunteer.</em><em></em></p><p><em>Project benefit will be </em><em>increased antenatal and postnatal care services through the country, in the lead the better attitude and knowledge about health and well-being across all Social levels . Further families will save money because they couldn't pay for C-section </em><em></em></p><p><em>Evaluation of the project –</em><em>annual statistical analysis by </em><em>NCDC (National Center for Disease Control and Public Health) </em><em>decrease C-section rate for mother request.</em><em></em></p><p><em>Project outcome</em><em> will be increased maternal and Child health and well-being,</em><em> </em><em>Increase right participation from the community, Support of pregnant women and her family economically.</em><em></em></p></div>