bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demonstration of Complementary Ternary Graphene Field-Effect Transistors
Authors: Kim Yun Ji , Kim So-Young , Noh Jinwoo , Shim Chang Hoo , Jung Ukjin , Lee Sang Kyung , Chang Kyoung Eun , Cho Chunhum , Lee Byoung Hun 
Published: December 2016

AbstractStrong demand for power reduction in state-of-the-art semiconductor devices calls for novel devices and architectures. Since ternary logic architecture can perform the same function as binary logic architecture with a much lower device density and higher information density, a switch device suitable for the ternary logic has been pursued for several decades. However, a single device that satisfies all the requirements for ternary logic architecture has not been demonstrated. We demonstrated a ternary graphene field-effect transistor (TGFET), showing three discrete current states in one device. The ternary function was achieved by introducing a metal strip to the middle of graphene channel, which created an N-P-N or P-N-P doping pattern depending on the work function of the metal. In addition, a standard ternary inverter working at room temperature has been achieved by modulating the work function of the metal in a graphene channel. The feasibility of a ternary inverter indicates that a general ternary logic architecture can be realized using complementary TGFETs. This breakthrough will provide a key stepping-stone for an extreme-low-power computing technology.
Statistical Characterization of the Medical Ultrasound Echo Signals
Authors: Cai Runqiu 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMedical ultrasound echo signals provide the basic information for obtaining the ultrasonic image in medical ultrasound technology. The statistics of the ultrasound echo signals reveals the systematic structure of the medical ultrasonic image via analyzing the corresponding statistical distributions. A novel statistical distribution, the ascending order K distribution, was proposed here to model the medical ultrasound echo signals. The ascending order K distribution was developed in light of the statistical analysis of the sequential waveforms in the echo signals. Comparison with the previous statistical distributions was made to verify the superiority of the ascending order K distribution. Further discussion showed the determination of the statistical principles for the ultrasound signals can enhance our understanding of the statistical principles of the ultrasound imaging, and thus, facilitate the optimization of the ultrasound image and the tissue identification in the ultrasound diagnosis.
Tuning apparent friction coefficient by controlled patterning bulk metallic glasses surfaces
Authors: Li Ning , Xu Erjiang , Liu Ze , Wang Xinyun , Liu Lin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMicro-honeycomb structures with various pitches between adjacent cells were hot-embossed on Zr35Ti30Cu8.25Be26.75 bulk metallic glass surface. The effect of pitch geometry on the frictional behavior of metallic glass surface was systematically investigated. The results revealed that all textured metallic glass surfaces show a reduction in friction coefficient compared to smooth surface. More intriguingly, the friction coefficient first decreased and then increased gradually with increasing pitches. Such unique behavior can be understood fundamentally from the perspective of competing effects between contact area and local stress level with increasing pitches. This finding not only enhance the in-depth understanding of the mechanism of the significant role of surface topography on the frictional behavior of metallic glass surface, but also opens a new route towards other functional applications for bulk metallic glasses.
Synthesis of single-crystal low-loss LiB3O5 nanowire and its optical properties
Authors: Qu Guang-Yuan , Yang Cheng-Wei , Cui Guo-xin , Zhang Xue-Jin , Lu Yan-Qing 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOptical-quality single-crystal LiB3O5 (LBO) nanowires are synthesized for the first time using a sol–gel method. The LBO nanowires possess diameters ranging from 200 to 800 nm and lengths of up to 200 μm, and exhibit excellent uniformity, smooth surfaces, and good mechanical properties. A typical propagating loss of 0.038 dB/μm at 532 nm is obtained for a 620 nm-diameter nanowire. This is a decrease of one order of magnitude compared with that of a β-BaB2O4 (BBO) nanowire with similar diameter, which makes the LBO nanowire a promising candidate to construct miniaturized nonlinear photonic devices.
Identification and Characterization of Roseltide, a Knottin-type Neutrophil Elastase Inhibitor Derived from Hibiscus sabdariffa
Authors: Loo Shining , Kam Antony , Xiao Tianshu , Nguyen Giang K. T. , Liu Chuan Fa , Tam James P. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPlant knottins are of therapeutic interest due to their high metabolic stability and inhibitory activity against proteinases involved in human diseases. The only knottin-type proteinase inhibitor against porcine pancreatic elastase was first identified from the squash family in 1989. Here, we report the identification and characterization of a knottin-type human neutrophil elastase inhibitor from Hibiscus sabdariffa of the Malvaceae family. Combining proteomic and transcriptomic methods, we identified a panel of novel cysteine-rich peptides, roseltides (rT1-rT8), which range from 27 to 39 residues with six conserved cysteine residues. The 27-residue roseltide rT1 contains a cysteine spacing and amino acid sequence that is different from the squash knottin-type elastase inhibitor. NMR analysis demonstrated that roseltide rT1 adopts a cystine-knot fold. Transcriptome analyses suggested that roseltides are bioprocessed by asparagine endopeptidases from a three-domain precursor. The cystine-knot structure of roseltide rT1 confers its high resistance against degradation by endopeptidases, 0.2 N HCl, and human serum. Roseltide rT1 was shown to inhibit human neutrophil elastase using enzymatic and pull-down assays. Additionally, roseltide rT1 ameliorates neutrophil elastase-stimulated cAMP accumulation in vitro. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that roseltide rT1 is a novel knottin-type neutrophil elastase inhibitor with therapeutic potential for neutrophil elastase associated diseases.
Proteomic Analysis Reveals That Metabolic Flows Affect the Susceptibility of Aeromonas hydrophila to Antibiotics
Authors: Yao Zujie , Li Wanxin , Lin Yi , Wu Qian , Yu Feifei , Lin Wenxiong , Lin Xiangmin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe overuse of antibiotics results in the development of antibiotic resistance and limits the useful life of these drugs in fighting bacteria, including Aeromonas hydrophila, a well-known opportunistic pathogen that causes serious infections in fish and other animals. In this study, we investigated the adaptive resistance mechanism in A. hydrophila by multiple proteomic methods. Dimethyl labeling and label-free methods were performed to compare the differential expression of proteins in response to various doses of oxytetracycline (OXY). The results point to the conclusions that, in response to OXY stress, translational processes increase the abundance of these proteins whereas largely central metabolic pathways decrease their abundance. To confirm our hypothesis, various exogenous metabolites were compounded with OXY, and the resulting survival capabilities were measured. Results show that 7 metabolites (malic acid, serine, methionine, etc.) significantly decreased the survival capabilities of A. hydrophila in the presence of OXY, whereas 4 metabolites (arginine, lysine, tyrosine, etc.) did the opposite. Further investigation suggests that a compound comprising exogenous metabolites in combination with various antibiotics could have a significant bactericidal effect and might come into widespread use, especially together with tetracycline antibiotics. These findings may provide new clues to the antimicrobial treatment of A. hydrophila infection.
Anti-melanoma activity of Forsythiae Fructus aqueous extract in mice involves regulation of glycerophospholipid metabolisms by UPLC/Q-TOF MS-based metabolomics study
Authors: Bao Jiaolin , Liu Fang , Zhang Chao , Wang Kai , Jia Xuejing , Wang Xiaotong , Chen Meiwan , Li Peng , Su Huanxing , Wang Yitao , Wan Jian-Bo , He Chengwei 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMetabolomics is a comprehensive assessment of endogenous metabolites of a biological system in a holistic context. In this study, we evaluated the in vivo anti-melanoma activity of aqueous extract of Forsythiae Fructus (FAE) and globally explored the serum metabolome characteristics of B16-F10 melanoma-bearing mice. UPLC/Q-TOF MS combined with pattern recognition approaches were employed to examine the comprehensive metabolic signatures and differentiating metabolites. The results demonstrated that FAE exhibited remarkable antitumor activity against B16-F10 melanoma in C57BL/6 mice and restored the disturbed metabolic profile by tumor insult. We identified 17 metabolites which were correlated with the antitumor effect of FAE. Most of these metabolites are involved in glycerophospholipid metabolisms. Notably, several lysophosphatidylcholines (LysoPCs) significantly decreased in tumor model group, while FAE treatment restored the changes of these phospholipids to about normal condition. Moreover, we found that lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) and autotaxin (ATX) were highly expressed in melanoma, and FAE markedly down-regulated their expression. These findings indicated that modulation of glycerophospholipid metabolisms may play a pivotal role in the growth of melanoma and the antitumor activity of FAE. Besides, our results suggested that serum LysoPCs could be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of melanoma and other malignant tumors.
Anatomically correct visualization of the human upper airway using a high-speed long range optical coherence tomography system with an integrated positioning sensor
Authors: Jing Joseph C. , Chou Lidek , Su Erica , Wong Brian J. F. , Chen Zhongping 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe upper airway is a complex tissue structure that is prone to collapse. Current methods for studying airway obstruction are inadequate in safety, cost, or availability, such as CT or MRI, or only provide localized qualitative information such as flexible endoscopy. Long range optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been used to visualize the human airway in vivo, however the limited imaging range has prevented full delineation of the various shapes and sizes of the lumen. We present a new long range OCT system that integrates high speed imaging with a real-time position tracker to allow for the acquisition of an accurate 3D anatomical structure in vivo. The new system can achieve an imaging range of 30 mm at a frame rate of 200 Hz. The system is capable of generating a rapid and complete visualization and quantification of the airway, which can then be used in computational simulations to determine obstruction sites.
Hephaestin and ceruloplasmin facilitate iron metabolism in the mouse kidney
Authors: Jiang Bo , Liu Guohao , Zheng Jiashuo , Chen Mengxia , Maimaitiming Zaitunamu , Chen Min , Liu Shunli , Jiang Ruiwei , Fuqua Brie K. , Dunaief Joshua L. , Vulpe Chris D. , Anderson Gregory J. , Wang Hongwei , Chen Huijun 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMulticopper ferroxidases (MCFs) play an important role in cellular iron homeostasis. However, the role of MCFs in renal metabolism remains unclear. We used Hephaestin (Heph) and Ceruloplasmin (Cp) single or double (Heph/Cp) knockout (KO) mice to study the roles of MCFs in the kidney. Renal iron levels and the expression of iron metabolism genes were examined. The non-heme iron content both in the renal cortex and medulla of Heph/Cp KO mice was significantly increased. Perls’ Prussian blue staining showed iron accumulation on the apical side of renal tubular cells in Heph/Cp KO mice. A significant increase in ferritin protein expression was also observed in the renal medulla and cortex of Heph/Cp KO mice. Both DMT1 and TfR1 protein expression were significantly decreased in the renal medulla of Heph/Cp KO mice, while the expression of DMT1 protein was significantly increased in the renal cortex of these animals. Significant increase in proteinuria and total urinary iron was observed in the double knockout mice, and this was associated with compromised structural integrity. These results suggest that KO of both the HEPH and CP genes leads to kidney iron deposition and toxicity, MCFs could protect kidney against a damage from iron excess.
Periodic fluctuation of reference evapotranspiration during the past five decades: Does Evaporation Paradox really exist in China?
Authors: Xing Wanqiu , Wang Weiguang , Shao Quanxi , Yu Zhongbo , Yang Tao , Fu Jianyu 
Published: December 2016

AbstractEvidence that the pan evaporation or reference evapotranspiration (ET0) as the indicator of atmospheric evaporation capability have decreased along with the continuous increase in temperature over the past decades (coined as “evaporation paradox”) has been reported worldwide. Here, we provide a nationwide investigation of spatiotemporal change of ET0 using meteorological data from 602 stations with the updated data (1961–2011). In addition, we explore the trigger mechanism by quantitative assessment on the contribution of climatic factors to ET0 change based on a differential equation method. In despite of different shift points regionally, our results suggest that the ET0 generally present decadal variations rather than monotonic response to climate change reported in previous studies. The significant decrease in net radiation dominate the decrease in ET0 before early 1990s in southern regions, while observed near-surface wind speed is the primary contributor to the variations of ET0 for the rest regions during the same periods. The enhancements of atmospheric evaporation capability after early 1990s are driven primarily by recent relative humidity limitation in China. From a continental scale view, as highly correlating with to Pacific Decadal Oscillation, the shift behaviors of ET0 is likely an episodic phenomenon of the ocean-atmosphere interaction in earth.
Unidirectionality as a cycle of convention and innovation
Authors: Petré Peter 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The present study combines recent interest on the impact of unconventional individual language use on grammar change (Petré and Van de Velde 2014, De Smet 2016) with research on how
conventional grammar impacts on language users. To better understand their interplay, I will zoom in on the interaction of unconventional
and conventional behaviour of individuals in the developments of [be Ving] and [be

going
to|go

to INF]. Apart from enhancing our understanding of the long-term effects of the urge to be
expressive, an important outcome of the analysis will be that it is precisely the way in which the spiral of the conventional leads to the
unconventional to the conventional again, which may help explain the phenomenon of unidirectionality in language change.
Observations of Channel Change from Constructed Wood Jams on a Forested Gravel‐Bed Stream
Authors: Flannery Joel , Stubblefield Andrew , Fiori Rocco , Shea Conor 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSalmonids in the Pacific Northwest face a number of threats: habit degradation, loss of habitat, overharvest, competition from hatchery fish, dams, and climate change. Wood has been shown to play a key role in many aspects of stream habitat quality; however, it is in low supply in many Pacific Northwest streams because of wood removal and timber harvest practices in riparian zones. Wood placement for restoration has the potential to benefit salmonid populations. However, common applications often fall short of producing the physical changes necessary to achieve the objectives, such as the formation of deep pools and cover. This study evaluated the hypothesis that wood jams constructed with whole‐tree materials, high wood piece counts, and high wood volumes would be effective at creating instream geomorphic complexity, function, and aquatic habitat quality. Results were based on an evaluation of changes to surface sediment textures and channel morphology at eight constructed wood jams built with varying complexity, wood volumes, and whole‐tree materials, including large‐diameter trees with an attached rootwad, logs, and branches. We found that complex wood jams created statistically significant changes that include increasing percentage pool cover, increasing scour pool habitat, and sorting and metering gravel, resulting in an increase in the proportion of the stream bed composed of gravels appropriately sized for local species of spawning salmonids, increased habitat heterogeneity, and increased gradient and channel width.Received May 27, 2016; accepted September 1, 2016 Published online December 16, 2016
Statistics versus livelihoods: questioning Rwanda’s pathway out of poverty
Authors: Ansoms An , Marijnen Esther , Cioffo Giuseppe , Murison Jude 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Recent statistics indicate that poverty in Rwanda decreased impressively between 2006 and 2014. This seems to confirm Rwanda’s developmental progress. This article however argues for a more cautious interpretation of household survey data. The authors contrast macro-level statistical analysis with in-depth field research on livelihood conditions. Macro-economic numbers provide interesting information, however differentiated evidence is required to understand how poverty ‘works’ in everyday life. On the basis of the Rwandan case study, the authors conclude that because of the high political stakes of data collection and analysis, and given that relations of power influence the production of knowledge on poverty, cross-checking is crucial.
FerriTag: A Genetically-Encoded Inducible Tag for Correlative Light-Electron Microscopy
Authors: Clarke Nicholas I. , Royle Stephen J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA current challenge is to develop tags to precisely visualize proteins in cells by light and electron microscopy. Here, we introduce FerriTag, a genetically-encoded chemically-inducible tag for correlative light-electron microscopy (CLEM). FerriTag is a fluorescent recombinant electron-dense ferritin particle that can be attached to a protein-of-interest using rapamycin-induced heterodimerization. We demonstrate the utility of FerriTag for CLEM by labeling proteins associated with various intracellular structures including mitochondria, plasma membrane, and clathrin-coated pits and vesicles. FerriTagging has a high signal-to-noise ratio and a labeling resolution of 10 ± 5 nm. We demonstrate how FerriTagging allows nanoscale mapping of protein location relative to a subcellular structure, and use it to detail the distribution of huntingtin-interacting protein 1 related (HIP1R) in clathrin-coated pits.
Systematic assessment of multi-gene predictors of pan-cancer cell line sensitivity to drugs exploiting gene expression data
Authors: Nguyen Linh C. , Dang Cuong C. , Ballester Pedro J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSelected gene mutations are routinely used to guide the selection of cancer drugs for a given patient tumour. Large pharmacogenomic data sets were introduced to discover more of these single-gene markers of drug sensitivity. Very recently, machine learning regression has been used to investigate how well cancer cell line sensitivity to drugs is predicted depending on the type of molecular profile. The latter has revealed that gene expression data is the most predictive profile in the pan-cancer setting. However, no study to date has exploited GDSC data to systematically compare the performance of machine learning models based on multi-gene expression data against that of widely-used single-gene markers based on genomics data.Here we present this systematic comparison using Random Forest (RF) classifiers exploiting the expression levels of 13,321 genes and an average of 501 tested cell lines per drug. To account for time-dependent batch effects in IC50measurements, we employ independent test sets generated with more recent GDSC data than that used to train the predictors and show that this is a more realistic validation than K-fold cross-validation. Across 127 GDSC drugs, our results show that the single-gene markers unveiled by the MANOVA analysis tend to achieve higher precision than these RF-based multi-gene models, at the cost of generally having a poor recall (i.e. correctly detecting only a small part of the cell lines sensitive to the drug). Regarding overall classification performance, about two thirds of the drugs are better predicted by multi-gene RF classifiers. Among the drugs with the most predictive of these models, we found pyrimethamine, sunitinib and 17-AAG.
Intelligent reasoning and management decision making with grey rough influence diagrams
Authors: Hu Haiqing , Liu Bingqiang , Shen Tao 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
Influence diagrams (IDs) have been widely applied as a form of knowledge expression and a decision analysis tool in the management and engineering fields. Relationship measurements and expectation values are computed depending on probability distributions in traditional IDs, however, most information systems in the real world are nondeterministic, and data in information tables can be interval valued, multiple valued and even incomplete. Consequently, conventional numeric models of IDs are not suitable for information processing with respect to imprecise data whose boundaries are uncertain. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
The grey system theory and rough sets have proved to be effective tools in the data processing of uncertain information systems, approximate knowledge acquisition and representation are also the objectives in intelligent reasoning and decision analysis. Hence, this study proposes a new mathematical model by combining grey rough sets with IDs, and approximate measurements are used instead of probability distribution, an implicational relationship is utilized instead of an indiscernible relationship, and all of the features of the proposed approach contribute to deal with uncertain problems.

Findings
The focus of this paper is to provide a more comprehensive framework for approximate knowledge representation and intelligent decision analysis in uncertain information systems and an example of decision support in product management systems with the new approach is illustrated.

Originality/value
Collaboration of IDs and grey rough sets is first proposed, which provides a new mathematical and graphical tool for approximate reasoning and intelligent decision analysis within interval-valued information systems.