bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers and facilitators to designing, maintaining, and utilizing rare disease patient registries: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Stratton Catherine , Taylor Andrew , Konstantinidis Menelaos , McNiven Vanda , Kannu Peter , Gill Peter , Stedman Ian , Veroniki Areti Angeliki , Offringa Martin , Potter Beth , Wong-Rieger Durhane , Adams John , Hodgkinson Kathy , Elliott Alison M. , Neville Alexandra , Faughnan Marie , Dyack Sarah , Zhelnov Pavel , Daly-Cyr Jennifer , McGowan Jessie , Straus Sharon , Smith Maureen , Rosella Laura , Tricco Andrea C. 
Published: October 2024

Objective:
The objectives of this review are to identify barriers/facilitators to designing, maintaining, and utilizing rare disease patient registries (RDPRs); determine whether and how these differ among patient partners, other knowledge users (KUs), and researchers; and chart definitions of rare diseases and RDPRs.

Introduction:
RDPRs are vital to improving the understanding of the natural histories and predictors of outcomes for rare diseases, assessing interventions, and identifying potential participants for clinical trials. Currently, however, the functionality of RDPRs is not fully optimized. To improve the quality and functionality of RDPRs, it is important to understand the barriers and/or facilitators involved in their design, maintenance, and utilization; how these might differ among patient partners, other KUs, and researchers; and to delineate the range of definitions for rare diseases and RDPRs.

Inclusion criteria:
Evidence of any study design or format (including empirical studies, books, manuals, commentaries, editorials, guidance documents, conference abstracts, review documents, and gray literature) referencing barriers/facilitators for designing, maintaining, or utilizing RDPRs will be considered for inclusion.

Methods:
The review will follow the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. We will search health science databases, including the Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE, the JBI EBP Database, and PsycINFO, from inception onwards, as well as gray literature using the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH) Grey Matters guidance. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts and full-text documents, as well as abstract data. Disagreements will be resolved through discussion or with a third reviewer. Evidence will be synthesized descriptively and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRIMSA-ScR).

Review registration:
Open Science Framework https://osf.io/mvf9r
Dynamical system analysis for scalar field potential in teleparallel gravity
Authors: Kadam S. A. , Sahu Ananya , Tripathy S. K. , Mishra B. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we have presented a power law cosmological model and its dynamical system analysis in $$f(T,\phi )$$

f
(
T
,
ϕ
)

gravity, where T is the torsion scalar and $$\phi $$
ϕ
is the canonical scalar field. The two well-motivated forms of the non-minimal coupling function $$F(\phi )$$

F
(
ϕ
)

, the exponential form and the power law form, with exponential scalar field potential, are investigated. The dynamical system analysis is performed by establishing the dimensionless dynamical variables, and the critical points were obtained. The evolution of standard density parameters is analysed for each case. The behaviour of the equation of state (EoS) and deceleration parameter agree with the result of recent cosmological observations. The model parameters are constrained using the existence and the stability conditions of the critical points describing different epochs of the evolution of the Universe.
CHA2DS2‐VASc Score in Predicting Visual Acuity Outcomes Following Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Nemet Achia , Tuuminen Raimo , Yona Tzadok , Plopsky Gilad , Katz Michal , Glinkin Natali , Lelchuk Olga , Pikkel Joseph 
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To find whether the CHA2DS2‐VASc score, a system for stratifying stroke risk among patients with atrial fibrillation, correlates with visual acuity prognosis following retinal vein occlusion (RVO).Participants and Methods: This retrospective study included 83 eyes of 83 patients with a diagnosis of branch or central RVO between June 2017 and August 2022 with at least 12 months of follow‐up in Assuta Ashdod Medical Center, Ashdod, Israel. The patients were divided into three groups, with CHA2DS2‐VASc scores of 0–2 (N = 31), 3–5 (N = 45), or 6–9 (N = 7). The change in best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) between the groups was examined about 1 year after the presentation of RVO.Results: The patient mean age was 67.9 ± 13.8 years; 38.6% were women. The mean visual acuity was 0.83 ± 0.67 LogMAR units at the first admission and 0.78 ± 0.80 LogMAR units at the last visit. Patients with a CHA2DS2‐VASc score from 6 to 9 had a significantly poorer BCVA prognosis at 1‐year (+0.60 ± 0.94 [−0.27, 1.47] LogMAR units) compared to groups with a CHA2DS2‐VASc score from 3 to 5 (−0.01 ± 0.65 [−0.20, 0.19] LogMAR units) and a CHA2DS2‐VASc score from 0 to 2 (−0.12 ± 0.59 [−0.33, 0.10] LogMAR units) (p = 0.038).Conclusions: Following RVO, patients with a CHA2DS2‐VASc score of 6 or higher had a worse prognosis in their visual acuity than patients with a lower score.
Regulatory Policy Uncertainty, Financial Innovations, and the Performance of Financial Institutions among Emerging Markets
Authors: Abaidoo Rexford , Agyapong Elvis Kwame 
Published: October 2024

This study examines the impact of regulatory policy uncertainty and financial innovations on the performance of financial institutions among emerging economies from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from 2004 to 2020. The study employs the pooled ordinary least squares (POLS) with Driscoll and Kraay’s (1998) standard errors in examining the various interactions specified in the objectives. Results from the analysis suggest that regulatory policy uncertainty negatively influences the performance of financial institutions among sampled economies in the study. Further results show that financial innovations tend to augment the performance of financial institutions, all things being equal. Again, reported findings show that effective governance alone may not be enough to negate the adverse effect of regulatory policy uncertainty on the performance of financial institutions in the subregion. JEL Classification C33, G18, G2, G28
Ultrasound as a Complementary Tool to Electrodiagnostics in the Evaluation of Compressive Neuropathy of the Common Fibular Nerve
Authors: DeMartini Stephen J. , Faust Amanda M. , Olafsen Nathan P. , Brogan David M. , Dy Christopher J. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Compressive neuropathy of the common fibular nerve (CFN) is increasingly recognized as an etiology for foot drop and falls. Electrodiagnostic (EDX) studies are widely used to evaluate this condition, but such tests are invasive and costly. As with carpal and cubital tunnel syndromes, there may be patients with characteristic symptoms of CFN compressive neuropathy but normal EDX studies in which ultrasound may aid in decision-making. Purpose: We sought to examine the association between ultrasound and nerve conduction studies (NCS) and electromyography (EMG) in the diagnosis of compressive neuropathy of the CFN. Methods: We performed a retrospective review identifying 104 patients who underwent CFN decompression from January 1, 2015, to June 30, 2023. Patients were included if they had both ultrasound and NCS/EMG prior to CFN decompression for compressive neuropathy and if they were older than 18 years at time of surgery. Patients were excluded if they had entrapment secondary to trauma, iatrogenic injury, or if they had had superficial fibular decompression alone without CFN decompression. After applying exclusion criteria, 17 patients remained in the cohort. Results: Mean ultrasound cross-sectional area and side-to-side (STS) ratios were significantly higher in those with abnormal compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitudes versus those with normal CMAP amplitudes. The probability of having an abnormal CMAP amplitude when STS ratio was abnormal was 18 times greater compared with those with normal STS ratio. With each unit increase in STS ratio, CMAP amplitude was reduced by 2.79 mV. Conclusions: This retrospective review found that ultrasound may provide complementary diagnostic information to EMG/NCS for compressive neuropathy of the CFN. Further study is needed to examine the relationship between ultrasound findings for CFN compressive neuropathy and results of surgical decompression.
Association of liver dysfunction with outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention – a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Caldonazo Tulio , Kirov Hristo , Tasoudis Panagiotis , Franz Marcus , Richter Markus , Mukharyamov Murat , Zipprich Alexander , Shana’ah Ahmad , Haji Diyar , Doenst Torsten 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Liver dysfunction is a known risk factor in the cardiovascular field. It specifically increases perioperative risk in patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery. Since percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the much less invasive procedure for the treatment of coronary artery disease, we aimed to assess the relationship of liver dysfunction with outcomes in patients undergoing PCI.

Methods
Three libraries were searched (MEDLINE, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library). We performed a meta-analysis of all studies in patients who underwent PCI that provided information on the presence or absence of liver dysfunction. Primary outcome was short-term mortality. Secondary outcomes were major adverse cardio- and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), bleeding and acute kidney injury. Random-effects model was applied.

Results
Five studies were selected and the data from 10,710,317 patients were included in the final analysis. In comparison with the absence of liver dysfunction, patients with liver dysfunction were associated with higher short-term mortality (OR 2.97, 95%CI 1.23–7.18, p = 0.02), higher MACCE (OR 1.42, 95%CI 1.08–1.87, p = 0.01), and higher bleeding (OR 2.23, 95%CI 1.65-3.00, p < 0.01). There was no significant difference regarding acute kidney injury (OR 1.20, 95%CI 0.50–2.87, p = 0.69).

Conclusions
The analysis suggests that liver dysfunction in patients undergoing PCI is independently associated with higher risk of short-term mortality and increased occurrence of MACCE and bleeding. However, there appears to be no association to acute kidney injury.
Decisions about the limitations of life-sustaining treatment for acutely admitted older patients: a retrospective study of a Danish patient cohort
Authors: Lomborg Mathias Eg , Nielsen Jeppe L. C. , Bakke Skule Arnesen , Backer-Mogensen Christian , Strøm Thomas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Life-sustaining therapy, including heart and lung resuscitation and transfer to the intensive care department, is demanding for patients and relatives and utilizes large amounts of healthcare resources. For older patients acutely admitted to the hospital, very sparse data exist on decision making about life-sustaining therapy.

Methods
Retrospective data were extracted from patients ≥ 70 years old who were acutely admitted to the hospital. Age, sex, clinical frailty scale score and Charlson comorbidity index were manually extracted from patients’ files. Furthermore, data about life-sustaining treatment decisions were extracted. This was further divided into decisions documented within 24 h from admission or during the hospital stay.

Results
Data were extracted for 200 patients with a median age of 80 years. Patients had a Charlson Comorbidity Index of 6 (5–8 IQR) and a Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) score of 5 (3–6 IQR). During the first 24 h, 61 patients (30.5%) had a written decision about heart and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and 52 patients (26%) had written information about intensive care therapy. A total of 93 patients (46.5%) had a written decision about cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), intensive care therapy or both during their hospital stay. With increasing Charlson Comorbidity Index and Clinical Frailty Scale scores, more patients had decisions about limitations in therapy documented in their files.

Conclusions
Within the first 24 h, 30.5% of the patients had a written decision about cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and 26% had written information about intensive care therapy. These numbers increased to 46.5% of patients who had a decision made during their hospital stay whether they were candidates for either cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), intensive care therapy or both. These data suggest that further work should be done to determine the limitations of therapy early on the admission for all older frail acutely admitted patients.
Trends in CT examination utilization in the emergency department during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kempter Felix , Heye Tobias , Vosshenrich Jan , Ceresa Benjamin , Jäschke Dominik 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
The increasing use of CT imaging in emergency departments, despite efforts of reducing low-value imaging, is not fully understood, especially during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic related measures on trends and volume in CT examinations requested in the emergency department.

Methods
CT examinations of the head, chest, and/or abdomen-pelvis (n = 161,008), and chest radiographs (n = 113,240) performed at our tertiary care hospital between 01/2014 and 12/2023 were retrospectively analyzed. CT examinations (head, chest, abdomen, dual-region and polytrauma) and chest radiographs requested by the emergency department during (03/2020-03/2022) and after the COVID-19 pandemic (04/2022-12/2023) were compared to a pre-pandemic control period (02/2018-02/2020). Analyses included CT examinations per emergency department visit, and prediction models based on pre-pandemic trends and inpatient data. A regular expressions text search algorithm determined the most common clinical questions.

Results
The usage of dual-region and chest CT examinations were higher during (+ 116,4% and + 115.8%, respectively; p < .001) and after the COVID-19 pandemic (+ 88,4% and + 70.7%, respectively; p < .001), compared to the control period. Chest radiograph usage decreased (-54.1% and − 36.4%, respectively; p < .001). The post-pandemic overall CT examination rate per emergency department visit increased by 4.7%. The prediction model underestimated (p < .001) the growth (dual-region CT: 22.3%, chest CT: 26.7%, chest radiographs: -30.4%), and the rise (p < .001) was higher compared to inpatient data (dual-region CT: 54.8%, chest CT: 52.0%, CR: -32.3%). Post-pandemic, the number of clinical questions to rule out “pulmonary infiltrates”, “abdominal pain” and “infection focus” increased up to 235.7% compared to the control period.

Conclusions
Following the COVID-19 pandemic, chest CT and dual-region CT usage in the emergency department experienced a disproportionate and sustained surge compared to pre-pandemic growth.
Developing a logistic regression model to predict spontaneous preterm birth from maternal socio-demographic and obstetric history at initial pregnancy registration
Authors: Narice Brenda F. , Labib Mariam , Wang Mengxiao , Byrne Victoria , Shepherd Joanna , Lang Z. Q. , Anumba Dilly OC 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Current predictive machine learning techniques for spontaneous preterm birth heavily rely on a history of previous preterm birth and/or costly techniques such as fetal fibronectin and ultrasound measurement of cervical length to the disadvantage of those considered at low risk and/or those who have no access to more expensive screening tools.

Aims and objectives
We aimed to develop a predictive model for spontaneous preterm delivery < 37 weeks using socio-demographic and clinical data readily available at booking -an approach which could be suitable for all women regardless of their previous obstetric history.

Methods
We developed a logistic regression model using seven feature variables derived from maternal socio-demographic and obstetric history from a preterm birth (n = 917) and a matched full-term (n = 100) cohort in 2018 and 2020 at a tertiary obstetric unit in the UK. A three-fold cross-validation technique was applied with subsets for data training and testing in Python® (version 3.8) using the most predictive factors. The model performance was then compared to the previously published predictive algorithms.

Results
The retrospective model showed good predictive accuracy with an AUC of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.71–0.83) for spontaneous preterm birth, with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.66–0.76) and 0.78 (95% CI: 0.63–0.88) respectively based on seven variables: maternal age, BMI, ethnicity, smoking, gestational type, substance misuse and parity/obstetric history.

Conclusion
Pending further validation, our observations suggest that key maternal demographic features, incorporated into a traditional mathematical model, have promising predictive utility for spontaneous preterm birth in pregnant women in our region without the need for cervical length and/or fetal fibronectin.
The impact of social media and family attitudes on the body image and eating patterns of male and female students
Authors: Alburkani Basmah Suliman Salman , Yousef Fatimah M. , Arab Arwa , Qutub Afnan. A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Body image has gained increasing importance in recent times due to the fact that it is commonly recognized that having body dissatisfaction is a major indicator of eating disorders. The development of dissatisfaction with the body can often be attributed to perceived societal expectations and pressures to adhere to idealized appearance standards. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between social media usage and family attitude influences on eating behavior and body image satisfaction in both male and female students. The design of this study was cross-sectional to collect data from 620 students in different faculties and academic disciplines within King Abdulaziz University. Participants completed a self-reported questionnaire to measure the Eating Attitude Test, social media exposure, Body Shape Questionnaire, family influence scale, and body satisfaction.

Results
Among the participants, 41.1% of students are at risk of eating disorders, and 25.2% have marked concern with body shape. The correlational analysis identified significant correlations as eating disorder score demonstrated negative correlations with the Family Influences Scale, Body Shape Questionnaire, body satisfaction, and social media (r = 0.455, r = 0.388, r = 0.388, and r = 0.373, respectively) and positive correlations with the with body mass index (r = 0.166). The Family Influences Scale score displayed positive correlations with the body shape questionnaire (r = 0.487), body satisfaction (r = 0.487), and media (r = 0.582) and negative correlations with body mass index (r = 0.289).

Conclusion
The study highlighted the influential roles of both the media and family in shaping eating habits and body image satisfaction. Also, the results indicated that eating disorders and concerns related to the body are highly prevalent among students. Accordingly, parents and educators should identify the risks of media and eating disorders and encourage them in seeking therapy.
Measuring post-disaster accessibility to essential goods and services: proximity, availability, adequacy, and acceptability dimensions
Authors: Enderami S. Amin , Sutley Elaina , Helgeson Jennifer , Dueñas-Osorio Leonardo , Watson Maria , van de Lindt John W. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRapid restoration of access to essential goods and services has long been regarded as paramount for community recovery. Yet, there remains ambiguity in how access should be defined, measured, or operationalized. Defining accessibility as the ability to use available goods and services with a reasonable level of effort and cost requires evaluating it across six dimensions (proximity, availability, adequacy, acceptability, affordability, and awareness) while considering the perspective of both users and providers in the evaluation. But common distance-based metrics that focus solely on physical access and travel time often fall short of fully capturing these requirements, overlooking the user's perception. This paper introduces a new spatio-temporal accessibility metric that combines four out of these six dimensions, including proximity, acceptability, adequacy, and availability. The metric considers uncertainty in measuring each dimension and addresses both user and provider perspectives in measuring the acceptability and adequacy dimensions. The variation in the metric across the disaster timeline serves as a proxy for community recovery. The metric aligns with common engineering-oriented functionality-based resilience frameworks as the functionality level of the providers has been incorporated in its development. Operating at the household level, the metric determines the ratio of post-disruption access time to the intended good or service against its pre-disruption access time and yields a unitless ratio between zero and one, with zero expressing a total loss in accessibility and one signifying the same level of accessibility as pre-disruption. The proposed metric, while being scientifically principled, is a practical tool whose output is easily understood even by non-expert individuals. The metric is illustrated for schools and pharmacies using the Lumberton Testbed and data collected following the 2016 flood in Lumberton, North Carolina after Hurricane Matthew. Findings provide new insight into recovery plan prioritization and can be used to trigger protective actions. The paper concludes by discussing issues and barriers related to developing and validating accessibility metrics while highlighting areas for future research.