bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive ability of a simple subjective memory complaints scale for incident dementia: Evaluation of Japan's national checklist, the “Kihon Checklist”
Authors: Tomata Yasutake , Sugiyama Kemmyo , Kaiho Yu , Sugawara Yumi , Hozawa Atsushi , Tsuji Ichiro 
Published: August 2016

AimSubjective memory complaints scales are expected to be useful for the prediction of future cognitive decline. In Japan, the “Kihon Checklist‐Cognitive Function” (KCL‐CF), which consists of three items, is used for primary screening of high‐risk older adults. However, the predictive validity of the KCL‐CF remains unknown. The aim of the present cohort study was to examine whether the KCL‐CF can predict the incidence of dementia.MethodsInformation on the KCL‐CF score (0–3 points) was collected from community‐dwelling older adults (≥65 years) through a questionnaire. Data on incident dementia were retrieved from the Long‐term Care Insurance database. The Cox model and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were used.ResultsAmong 13 974 participants, the 5.7‐year rate of incident dementia was 8.8%. All KCL‐CF items significantly predicted the risk of incident dementia even after adjustment for age and sex (P‐trend < 0.0001). A higher KCL‐CF score was associated with a higher risk of dementia; the age‐ and sex‐adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.00 (reference) for a KCL‐CF score of 0 points, 1.89 (1.65–2.15) for 1 point, 3.01 (2.59–3.50) for 2 points, and 6.20 (4.87–7.90) for 3 points (P‐trend < 0.0001). A cut‐off score of ≥1 points had a specificity of 65.1% and a sensitivity of 60.2%, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.65 (95% confidence interval 0.63–0.66).ConclusionsThe KCL‐CF was able to predict incident dementia. However, because a false‐negativity rate of approximately 40% would be expected, the KCL‐CF score alone might not be sufficient for screening of dementia incidence. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1300–1305.
Effective axillary malodour reduction by polyquaternium‐16‐containing deodorants
Authors: Traupe B. , Fölster H. , Max H. , Schulz J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectiveWorldwide, individuals apply deodorants to combat malodour formation originating from the axillary vault. Considering the globally increasing demand for efficacious, safe deodorants, we investigated the antimicrobial effectiveness of a polymeric quaternary ammonium compound (PQ‐16) as a new active in a roll‐on formulation against microbial growth and axillary malodour.MethodsWe utilized an in vivo microbiological assessment to determine antimicrobial effects of the PQ‐16‐containing deodorant formulation (DEO1) (i) in comparison with a commercially available deodorant roll‐on claiming a 24‐h protection against body odour (DEO2) and (ii) in comparison with a roll‐on containing the same formulation as DEO1 but comprising aluminium chlorohydrate instead of PQ‐16 (DEO3) 1, 4, 8, 24 and 48 h after treatment. Also, the axillary malodour intensity 24 and 48 h after application of deodorants was investigated in a controlled in vivo study performed by a trained sniffer panel using direct sniffing.ResultsTreatment with DEO1 in comparison with application of DEO2 significantly reduced the log 10 bacterial count at all points in time. After 24 and 48 h, sniffers rated malodour production in the DEO1‐treated axillae significantly lower than in the DEO2‐treated armpits. Application of DEO1 in comparison with DEO3 decreased the log 10 bacterial count after 1, 4, 8 and 24 h (significant for 4 and 8 h). After 48 h, the log 10 bacterial count showed similar values for both DEO1 and DEO3. The sniffer panel reported no significant differences between axillary malodour in DEO1‐treated compared to DEO3‐treated armpits after 24 and 48 h.ConclusionWe identified polyquaternium‐16 (PQ‐16, copolymers of 1‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone and 1‐vinyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride) as a highly effective deodorant active. Results showed that a newly developed PQ‐16‐containing deodorant roll‐on formulation (i) significantly reduced axillary malodour 24 and 48 h after treatment, (ii) significantly decreased the amount of axillary bacteria, (iii) compared to a commercially available deodorant claiming a 24‐h odour protection significantly lowered axillary malodour 24 h and 48 h after application, and (iv) was well tolerated by the study population. PQ‐16 represents an innovative and skin‐friendly deodorant active.
Pre‐Implementation Strategies to Adapt and Implement a Veteran Peer Coaching Intervention to Improve Mental Health Treatment Engagement Among Rural Veterans
Authors: Koenig Christopher J. , Abraham Traci , Zamora Kara A. , Hill Coleen , Kelly P. Adam , Uddo Madeline , Hamilton Michelle , Pyne Jeffrey M. , Seal Karen H. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPurposeTelephone motivational coaching has been shown to increase urban veteran mental health treatment initiation. However, no studies have tested telephone motivational coaching delivered by veteran peers to facilitate mental health treatment initiation and engagement. This study describes pre‐implementation strategies with 8 Veterans Affairs (VA) community‐based outpatient clinics in the West and Mid‐South United States to adapt and implement a multisite pragmatic randomized controlled trial of telephone peer motivational coaching for rural veterans.MethodsWe used 2 pre‐implementation strategies, Formative Evaluation (FE) research and Evidence‐Based Quality Improvement (EBQI) meetings to adapt the intervention to stakeholders’ needs and cultural contexts. FE data were qualitative, semi‐structured interviews with rural veterans and VA clinic staff. Results were rapidly analyzed and presented to stakeholders during EBQI meetings to optimize the intervention implementation.FindingsFE research results showed that VA clinic providers felt overwhelmed by veterans’ mental health needs and acknowledged limited mental health services at VA clinics. Rural veteran interviews indicated geographical, logistical, and cultural barriers to VA mental health treatment initiation and a preference for self‐care to cope with mental health symptoms. EBQI meetings resulted in several intervention adaptations, including veteran study recruitment, peer veteran coach training, and an expanded definition of mental health care outcomes.ConclusionsAs the VA moves to cultivate community partnerships in order to personalize and expand access to care for rural veterans, pre‐implementation processes with engaged stakeholders, such as those described here, can help guide other researchers and clinicians to achieve proactive and veteran‐centered health care services.
A Minimum Relative Entropy Based Correlation Model Between the Response and Covariates
Authors: Bhattacharya Bhaskar , Al-talib Mohammad 
Published: August 2016

Summary
A semiparametric model is presented utilizing dependence between a response and several covariates. We show that this model is optimum when the marginal distributions of the response and the covariates are known. This model extends the generalized linear model and the proportional likelihood ratio model when the marginal distributions are unknown. New interpretations of known models such as the logistic regression model, density ratio model and selection bias model are obtained in terms of dependence between variables. For estimation of parameters, a simple algorithm is presented which is guaranteed to converge. It is also the same regardless of the choice of the distribution for response and covariates; hence, it can fit a very wide variety of useful models. Asymptotic properties of the estimators of model parameters are derived. Real data examples are discussed to illustrate our approach and simulation experiments are performed to compare with existing procedures.
Use of routine histopathology and factor VIII‐related antigen/von Willebrand factor immunohistochemistry to differentiate primary hemangiosarcoma of bone from telangiectatic osteosarcoma in 54 dogs
Authors: Giuffrida M. A. , Bacon N. J. , Kamstock D. A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHemangiosarcoma (HSA) of bone and telangiectatic osteosarcoma (tOSA) can appear similar histologically, but differ in histogenesis (malignant endothelial cells versus osteoblasts), and may warrant different treatments. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for endothelial cell marker factor VIII‐related antigen/von Willebrand factor (FVIII‐RAg/vWF) is a well‐documented ancillary test to confirm HSA diagnoses in soft tissues, but its use in osseous HSA is rarely described. Archived samples of 54 primary appendicular bone tumours previously diagnosed as HSA or tOSA were evaluated using combination routine histopathology (RHP) and IHC. Approximately 20% of tumours were reclassified on the basis of FVIII‐RAg/vWF immunoreactivity, typically from an original diagnosis of tOSA to a reclassified diagnosis of HSA. No sample with tumour osteoid clearly identified on RHP was immunopositive for FVIII‐RAg/vWF. RHP alone was specific but not sensitive for diagnosis of HSA, compared with combination RHP and IHC. Routine histopathological evaluation in combination with FVIII‐RAg/vWF IHC can help differentiate canine primary appendicular HSA from tOSA.
Concurrent exercise training: do opposites distract?
Authors: Coffey Vernon G. , Hawley John A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractSpecificity is a core principle of exercise training to promote the desired adaptations for maximising athletic performance. The principle of specificity of adaptation is underpinned by the volume, intensity, frequency and mode of contractile activity and is most evident when contrasting the divergent phenotypes that result after undertaking either prolonged endurance or resistance training. The molecular profiles that generate the adaptive response to different exercise modes have undergone intense scientific scrutiny. Given divergent exercise induces similar signalling and gene expression profiles in skeletal muscle of untrained or recreationally active individuals, what is currently unclear is how the specificity of the molecular response is modified by prior training history. The time course of adaptation and when ‘phenotype specificity’ occurs has important implications for exercise prescription. This context is essential when attempting to concomitantly develop resistance to fatigue (through endurance‐based exercise) and increased muscle mass (through resistance‐based exercise), typically termed ‘concurrent training’. Chronic training studies provide robust evidence that endurance exercise can attenuate muscle hypertrophy and strength but the mechanistic underpinning of this ‘interference’ effect with concurrent training is unknown. Moreover, despite the potential for several key regulators of muscle metabolism to explain an incompatibility in adaptation between endurance and resistance exercise, it now seems likely that multiple integrated, rather than isolated, effectors or processes generate the interference effect. Here we review studies of the molecular responses in skeletal muscle and evidence for the interference effect with concurrent training within the context of the specificity of training adaptation.
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Effects of Different Heating Modalities on Hip Flexion Passive Range of Motion
Authors: Hanson Matthew , Day James 
Published: August 2016

Context:Therapeutic modalities are routinely administered to increase fexibility, but the relative effects of different modes of tissue heating on passive range of motion (PROM) are unknown.Objective:To assess the relative effects of active exercise on a stationary bicycle, moist hot pack treatment, and warm whirlpool treatment on hip fexion PROM.Design:Repeated measures.Subjects:24 males and 20 females between the ages 18 and 24 years.Main Outcome MeasureHip fexion PROM measured by an inclinometer.Results:Repeated measures analysis of variance identified a significant difference among the heating methods, F(1, 43) = 32.41; p < .001. Active exercise produced the greatest change in hip fexion PROM.Conclusions:All three treatment methods produced an increase in hip fexion PROM, but active exercise produced a significantly greater increase than moist hot pack and warm whirlpool treatments.
Foot and Ankle Ability Measure Scores in Patients with Chronic Ankle Instability Following Joint Mobilization
Authors: Houston Megan N. , McKeon Patrick O. , Hoch Matthew C. 
Published: August 2016

Context:Following joint mobilizations, individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) have reported increased self-reported function as measured by the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM).Objective:To examine the effect of a 2-week talocrural joint mobilization intervention on individual items of the FAAM in physically active adults with CAI.Participants:Twelve adults with CAI.Intervention:Self-reported function was documented with the FAAM-ADL and FAAM-Sport at preintervention and at 1-week postintervention. The joint mobilization intervention consisted of six treatments over 2 weeks. During each treatment, subjects received 4 minutes of talocrural traction and 8 minutes of Maitland Grade-III anterior-to-posterior talocrural joint mobilization.Main Outcome Measures:Participants completed the 21-item FAAM-ADL and 8-item FAAM-Sport.Results:Signifcant changes were detected between preintervention and 1-week follow-up measures for “Walking on even ground” (p = 0.06), “Going down stairs” (p = 0.07), “Walking on uneven ground” (p = 0.03), “Light to moderate work” (p = 0.06), “Heavy work” (p = 0.03), “Recreational activity” (p = 0.07), “Landing” (p = 0.03), “Low impact activities” (p = 0.07), and “Cutting” (p = 0.02). No signifcant changes were identifed in the other 20 items (p > 0.10).Conclusion:The fndings suggest talocrural joint mobilization may address specifc mechanical and functional impairments associated with the aforementioned tasks during physical activity.
Clinical Assessment of Drop-Jump Landing for Determination of Risk for Knee Injury
Authors: Cortes Nelson , Onate James 
Published: August 2016

Context:Clinical assessment tools are needed to identify individual athletes who possess elevated risk for anterior cruciate ligament injury. Existing methods require expensive equipment and the investment of a large amount of time for data processing, which makes them unfeasible for preparticipation screening of a large number of athletes.Objective:To assess the extent of agreement between LESS and the iLESS classifications of jump landing performance and the level of agreement between ratings assigned by a novice evaluator and an expert evaluator.Methods:Ratings of drop-jump landings from 20 video recordings of NCAA Division I collegiate athletes, which were randomly selected from a large database.Results:The dichotomous iLESS score corresponded to the dichotomous classification of LESS score for 15 of 20 cases rated by the expert evaluator and 17 of 20 cases rated by the novice evaluator. For the iLESS, only 2 scores out of 20 differed between the evaluators.Conclusions:A high level of agreement was observed between the LESS and iLESS methods for classification of jump- landing performance. Because the iLESS method is inexpensive and efficient, it may prove to be valuable for preparticipation assessment of knee injury risk.
Ramadan Fasting’s Effect on Plasma Leptin, Adiponectin Concentrations, and Body Composition in Trained Young Men
Authors: Bouhlel Ezzedine , Denguezli Myriam , Zaouali Monia , Tabka Zouhair , Shephard Roy J. 
Published: August 2016

Purpose:To evaluate the effect of Ramadan fasting on parameters of insulin resistance in trained athletes at rest and after aerobic exercise.Methods:Nine male rugby players (age 19 ± 2 yr, height 1.78 ± 0.74 m) were tested 3 times: 1 week before observance of Ramadan (C), at the end of the first week (R1), and during the fourth week (R2). They performed a progressive cycle-ergometer test at each visit. Data collected at rest and at the end of aerobic exercise included simple anthropometry (body mass, body-mass index, body fat, fat-free mass), biochemical parameters (serum glucose, cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, and serum proteins), and selected hormone concentrations (plasma insulin, leptin, and adiponectin).Results:Ramadan fasting was associated with a reduction of body mass and body fat (R2 vs. C, p < .01) without significant change in leptin or adiponectin levels.Conclusion:Lipolysis might have occurred because of increased plasma triglycerides and HDL cholesterol concentrations.
Increased Lipid Peroxidation in Trained Men after 2 Weeks of Antioxidant Supplementation
Authors: Lamprecht Manfred , Hofmann Peter , Greilberger Joachim F. , Schwaberger Guenther 
Published: August 2016

Purpose:To assess the effects of an encapsulated antioxidant concentrate (EAC) and exercise on lipid peroxidation (LIPOX) and the plasma antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (Pl-GPx).Methods:Eight trained male cyclists (VO2max > 55 ml · kg−1 · min−1) participated in this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, crossover study and undertook 4 cycle-ergometer bouts: 2 moderate exercise bouts over 90 min at 45% of individual VO2max and 2 strenuous exercise bouts at 75% of individual VO2max for 30 min. The first 2 exercise tests—1 moderate and 1 strenuous—were conducted after 4 weeks wash-out and after 12 and 14 days of EAC (107 IU vitamin E, 450 mg vitamin C, 36 mg β-carotene, 100 μg selenium) or placebo treatment. After another 4 weeks wash-out, participants were given the opposite capsule treatment and repeated the 2 exercise tests. Physical exercise training was equal across the whole study period, and nutrition was standardized by a menu plan the week before the tests. Blood was collected before exercise, immediately postexercise, and 30 min and 60 min after each test. Plasma samples were analyzed for LIPOX marker malondialdehyde (MDA) and the antioxidant enzyme pl-GPx.Results:MDA concentrations were significantly increased after EAC supplementation at rest before exercise and after moderate exercise (p < .05). MDA concentrations showed no differences between treatments after strenuous exercise (p > .1). Pl-GPx concentrations decreased at all time points of measurement after EAC treatment (p < .05).Conclusions:The EAC induced an increase of LIPOX as indicated by MDA and decreased pl-GPx concentrations pre- and postexercise.
Paced Breathing in Roller-Ski Skating: Effects on Metabolic Rate and Poling Forces
Authors: Fabre Nicolas , Perrey Stéphane , Arbez Loïc , Rouillon Jean-Denis 
Published: August 2016

Purpose:This study aimed (1) to determine whether paced breathing (synchronization of the expiration phase with poling time) would reduce the metabolic rate and dictate a lower rate of perceived exertion (RPE) than does spontaneous breathing and (2) to analyze the effects of paced breathing on poling forces and stride-mechanics organization during roller-ski skating exercises.Methods:Thirteen well-trained cross-country skiers performed 8 submaximal roller-skiing exercises on a motorized driven treadmill with 4 modes of skiing (2 skating techniques, V2 and V2A, at 2 exercise intensities) by using 2 patterns of breathing (unconscious vs conscious). Poling forces and stride-mechanics organization were measured with a transducer mounted in ski poles. Oxygen uptake (VO2) was continuously collected. After each bout of exercise RPE was assessed by the subject.Results:No difference was observed for VO2between spontaneous and paced breathing conditions, although RPE was lower with paced breathing (P< .05). Upper-limb cycle time and recovery time were significantly (P< .05) increased by paced breathing during V2A regardless of the exercise intensity, but no changes for poling time were observed. A slight trend of increased peak force with paced breathing was observed (P= .055).Conclusion:The lack of a marked effect of paced breathing on VO2and some biomechanical variables could be explained by the extensive experience of our subjects in cross-country skiing.
VO2 Attained During Treadmill Running: The Influence of a Specialist (400-m or 800-m) Event
Authors: V.B. James David , Sandals Leigh E. , Draper Stephen B. , Maldonado-Martín Sara , Wood Dan M. 
Published: August 2016

Purpose:Previously it has been observed that, in well-trained 800-m athletes, VO2max is not attained during middle-distance running events on a treadmill, even when a race-type pacing strategy is adopted. Therefore, the authors investigated whether specialization in a particular running distance (400-m or 800-m) influences the VO2 attained during running on a treadmill.Methods:Six 400-m and six 800-m running specialists participated in the study. A 400-m trial and a progressive test to determine VO2max were completed in a counterbalanced order. Oxygen uptakes attained during the 400-m trial were compared to examine the influence of specialist event.Results:A VO2 plateau was observed in all participants for the progressive test, demonstrating the attainment of VO2max. The VO2max values were 56.2 ± 4.7 and 69.3 ± 4.5 mL · kg−1 · min−1 for the 400-m- and 800-m-event specialists, respectively (P = .0003). Durations for the 400-m trial were 55.1 ± 4.2 s and 55.8 ± 2.3 s for the 400-m- and 800-m-event specialists, respectively. The VO2 responses achieved were 93.1% ± 2.0% and 85.7% ± 3.0% VO2max for the 400-m- and 800-m-event specialists, respectively (P = .001).Conclusions:These results demonstrate that specialist running events do appear to influence the percentage of VO2max achieved in the 400-m trial, with the 800-m specialists attaining a lower percentage of VO2max than the 400-m specialists. The 400-m specialists appear to compensate for a lower VO2max by attaining a higher percentage VO2max during a 400-m trial.
Hydration Status, Knowledge, and Behavior in Youths at Summer Sports Camps
Authors: Decher Nora R. , Casa Douglas J. , Yeargin Susan W. , Ganio Matthew S. , Levreault Michelle L. , Dann Catie L. , James Camille T. , McCaffrey Megan A. , O’Connor Caitlin B. , Brown Scott W. 
Published: August 2016

Purpose:To assess the hydration status and level of hydration knowledge of youths at summer sports camps.Methods:Sixty-seven active youths, 57 males (mean ± SD, 12 ± 2 y, 136 ± 16 cm, 50.6 ± 21.1 kg) and 10 females (13 ± 2 y, 153 ± 8 cm, 45.2 ± 9.0 kg) participated in 4 d of sports camp. Hydration status was assessed before the first practice (AM) and after the second practice (PM). Participants completed suriveys assessing hydration knowledge (HAQ) and hydration habits on day 3 and a self-assessment (EQ#1).Results:Mean AM urine specific gravity (USG) and urine osmolality (Uosm) scores ranged from minimal to significant dehydration across 4 d, even when temperatures were mild. Correlations between hydration indices and EQ#1, ranging from 0.11 to −0.51, were statistically significant (P< .05), indicating that subjects recognized when they were doing a good or bad job hydrating. HAQ did not correlate strongly with hydration indices suggesting other impediments to hydration. Thirst correlated negatively with EQ#1 (from −0.29 to −0.60).Conclusion:Hydration at summer sports camp is a concern and special efforts need to be made to help youths develop hydration strategies.