bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship of Self-Reported Ability to Weight-Bear Immediately After Injury as Predictor of Stability for Ankle Fractures
Authors: Chien Bonnie , Hofmann Kurt , Ghorbanhoseini Mohammad , Zurakowski David , Rodriguez Edward K. , Appleton Paul , Ellington J. Kent , Kwon John Y. 
Published: May 2016

Background: Determining the stability of ankle fractures, particularly Weber B fibula fractures, can be challenging. Ability to weight-bear after injury may be predictive of stability. We sought to determine whether patients’ ability to weight-bear immediately after injury was an effective indicator for ankle stability following fracture. Methods: A prospective review was conducted of patients sustaining ankle fractures. Patients’ ability to weight-bear after injury was elicited and correlated with ankle radiographs, which were deemed stable or unstable based on commonly used indices to assess stability. Results: For the entire cohort (n = 121), patients who were able to weight-bear immediately after injury were over 8 times more likely to have a stable fracture than those who could not (odds ratio [OR] = 8.6, P < .001). Positive predictive value (PPV) for being able to fully weight-bear as it related to stability was 73%. Inability to weight-bear was 85% specific among patients with an unstable fracture. When analyzing patients with radiographic isolated fibula fractures (n = 67), PPV = 82%, negative predictive value [NPV] = 53%, specificity = 79%, whereas the OR was 5.0 ( P = .003) for those who could weight-bear having a stable fracture. When subanalyzing patients who presented with isolated fibula fractures and anatomic mortises (n = 43), PPV = 74%, NPV = 52%, specificity = 62%, whereas the OR was 3.6 ( P = .07) for those who could weight-bear having a stable fracture. Conclusion: Patients’ ability to weight-bear immediately after injury was a specific and prognostic indicator for stability across a range of ankle fracture subtypes. Patients with an isolated fibula fracture and anatomic mortise were 3.6 times more likely to have a stable fracture if they were able to fully weight-bear at the time of injury. Although a patient’s history does not preclude the need for appropriate imaging studies and clinical judgment, it may aid in the assessment of ankle stability following fracture. Level of Evidence: Level II, clinical diagnostic.
Specific dyspeptic symptoms are associated with poor response to therapy in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease
Authors: D’Alessandro A , Zito FP , Pesce M , Andreozzi P , Efficie E , Cargiolli M , Maione F , De Palma GD , Cuomo R , Sarnelli G 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionIn patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD), co‐existence of functional dyspepsia (FD) is known to be associated with poor response to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), but the contribution of specific dyspepsia symptoms has not yet been systematically investigated.ObjectiveWe aimed to characterize the impact of dyspepsia symptoms on response to PPIs in patients with GORD.MethodsThe enrolled subjects were consecutive patients with a diagnosis of GORD. All patients underwent a 24 hour pH–impedance test, while on PPI therapy. Patients were divided into two groups, refractory and responders, according to the persistence of GORD symptoms. A standardized questionnaire for FD was also administered to assess presence of dyspepsia symptoms.ResultsIn the subgroup of refractory patients FD was more prevalent than in responders, with post‐prandial fullness, nausea, vomiting, early satiation and epigastric pain being significantly prevalent in refractory GORD patients. In the multivariate analysis only early satiation and vomiting were significantly associated with poor response to PPIs.ConclusionCo‐existence of FD is associated with refractory GORD. We showed that only early satiation and vomiting are risk factors for poor response to therapy with PPIs. Our findings suggest that symptoms of early satiation and vomiting would help to identify the subset of PPI‐refractory GORD patients.
Lateral variations in plagioclase compositions, Main Zone, Bushveld Complex, South Africa: Evidence for slow mixing of magmas in basinal structures
Authors: Cawthorn R. G. , Lundgaard K. L. , Tegner C. , Wilson J. R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMany layered intrusions are considered to have been repeatedly inflated by magma additions, but rates of magma mixing relative to rates of layer accumulation are difficult to model. The nature of magma recharge through the interval including the Pyroxenite Marker (PM), Main Zone, Bushveld Complex, South Africa, is examined with regard to such processes. The plagioclase compositions (An value) in five previously published and three new profiles (presented here and focusing on the core compositions) that are at least 600 m in vertical extent and spread along a strike length of 110 km are evaluated. The compilation of the eight profiles shows the following trends. Upward reversals in compositions show considerable lateral as well as vertical variations. Lateral variations show a range in: (1) the minimum An value reached in each profile prior to the onset of magma recharge (An51 to An59); (2) the depth below the PM at which the minimum value is observed (50 to 575 m); (3) the An value close to the PM (An54 to An75); (4) the maximum value recorded above the PM (An63 to An76); (5) the height above the PM at which this maximum value is reached (0 to 300 m) – in all cases, the highest values of An occur at the northern end of the studied sections; and (6) the vertical extents over which the reversals occur range from 150 to over 600 m indicating very protracted magma additions and/or slow mixing. The PM terminates toward the south, and close to this termination the immediate footwall rocks to the PM change from north to south from gabbronorite to magnetite gabbronorite. A cross-section through these profiles defines two basins, with an intervening structural upwarp. The magma pulses that were added to produce very gradual and protracted reversals in mineral compositions through the PM interval ponded initially at the base of the northern basin, and did not homogenize the entire magma column. These added magmas did not overflow and have an effect on mineral compositions in the southern basin until after considerable replenishment and crystallization (including the PM) had taken place in the northern basin. We emphasize the prolonged period(s) of magma input and slow rate of vertical homogenization of the magma column during the formation of this sequence of as much as 400 m of the Main Zone.
Functional distance between recipient and donor HLA-DPB1 determines nonpermissive mismatches in unrelated HCT
Authors: Crivello Pietro , Heinold Andreas , Rebmann Vera , Ottinger Hellmut D. , Horn Peter A. , Beelen Dietrich W. , Fleischhauer Katharina 
Published: May 2016

Key PointsNonpermissive mismatches associated with survival after HCT reflect FD between recipient-donor HLA-DPB1. FD within HLA-DPB1 is determined by the combined impact of nonconservative peptide-binding AA substitutions.
Persistence of long-lived plasma cells and humoral immunity in individuals responding to CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy
Authors: Bhoj Vijay G. , Arhontoulis Dimitrios , Wertheim Gerald , Capobianchi James , Callahan Colleen A. , Ellebrecht Christoph T. , Obstfeld Amrom E. , Lacey Simon F. , Melenhorst Jan J. , Nazimuddin Farzana , Hwang Wei-Ting , Maude Shannon L. , Wasik Mariusz A. , Bagg Adam , Schuster Stephen , Feldman Michael D. , Porter David L. , Grupp Stephen A. , June Carl H. , Milone Michael C. 
Published: May 2016

Key PointsCD19-targeted T-cell immunotherapy reveals that a population of PCs lacking CD19 expression survives long-term, independent of B cells. Preexisting humoral immunity to vaccine-related antigens can persist in patients despite marked B-cell aplasia after CTL019 immunotherapy.
LimiTT: link miRNAs to targets
Authors: Bayer Julia , Kuenne Carsten , Preussner Jens , Looso Mario 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Background
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) impact various biological processes within animals and plants. They complementarily bind target mRNAs, effecting a post-transcriptional negative regulation on mRNA level. The investigation of miRNA target interactions (MTIs) by high throughput screenings is challenging, as frequently used in silico target prediction tools are prone to emit false positives. This issue is aggravated for niche model organisms, where validated miRNAs and MTIs both have to be transferred from well described model organisms. Even though DBs exist that contain experimentally validated MTIs, they are limited in their search options and they utilize different miRNA and target identifiers.

Results
The implemented pipeline LimiTT integrates four existing DBs containing experimentally validated MTIs. In contrast to other cumulative databases (DBs), LimiTT includes MTI data of 26 species. Additionally, the pipeline enables the identification and enrichment analysis of MTIs with and without species specificity based on dynamic quality criteria. Multiple tabular and graphical outputs are generated to permit the detailed assessment of results.

Conclusion
Our freely available web-based pipeline LimiTT (https://bioinformatics.mpi-bn.mpg.de/) is optimized to determine MTIs with and without species specification. It links miRNAs and/or putative targets with high granularity. The integrated mapping to homologous target identifiers enables the identification of MTIs not only for standard models, but for niche model organisms as well.
Readmissions After Colon Cancer Surgery: Does It Matter Where Patients Are Readmitted?
Authors: Luu Ngoc-Phuong , Hussain Tanvir , Chang Hsien-Yen , Pfoh Elizabeth , Pollack Craig Evan 
Published: May 2016

Purpose: Readmissions to a different hospital may place patients at increased risk for poor outcomes and may increase their overall costs of care. We evaluated whether mortality and costs differ for patients with colon cancer on the basis of whether patients are readmitted to the index hospital or to a different hospital within 30 days of discharge. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis using SEER-Medicare linked claims data for patients with stage I to III colon cancer diagnosed between 2000 and2009 who were readmitted within 30 days (N = 3,399). Our primary outcome was all-cause mortality, which was modeled by using Cox proportional hazards. Secondary outcomes included colon cancer–specific mortality, 90-day mortality, and costs of care. We used subhazard ratios for colon cancer– specific mortality and generalized linear models for costs. For each model, we used a propensity score–weighted doubly robust approach to adjust for patient, physician, and hospital characteristics. Results: Approximately 23% (n = 769) of readmitted patients were readmitted to a different hospital than where they were initially discharged. After adjustment, there was no difference in all-cause mortality, colon cancer–specific mortality, or cost of care for patients readmitted to a different hospital. Patient readmitted to a different hospital did have a higher risk of short-term mortality (90-day all-cause mortality; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.38). Conclusion: Readmission to a different hospital after colon cancer surgery is associated with short-term mortality but not with long-term mortality nor with post-discharge costs of care. Additional investigation is needed to determine how to improve short-term mortality among patients readmitted to different hospitals.
Use of Survivorship Care Plans and Analysis of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Multinational Patients With Lung Cancer
Authors: Berman Abigail T. , DeCesaris Cristina M. , Simone Charles B. , Vachani Carolyn , DiLullo Gloria , Hampshire Margaret K. , Metz James , Hill-Kayser Christine 
Published: May 2016

Purpose: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death and is a significant source of morbidity. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) have been shown to be prognostic for survival. We have analyzed emerging patterns of longitudinal PROs collected in the development of survivorship care plans (SCPs). Methods: OncoLife and the LIVESTRONG Care Plans are Internet-based programs designed to generate unique SCPs. We selected SCPs from patients identifying as survivors of primary lung cancer. Patient-reported demographics and treatment and toxicity data were examined. Effects were categorized by the physiologic system that they affected. Results: Six hundred eighty-nine plans were created for users self-identifying as survivors of primary lung cancer. Average time from diagnosis to reporting was 1.68 years (range, 0 to 24 years). Most were white (85.9%), well educated (61.1% “some college” or higher), and lived in the United States (90.7%). Patients underwent chemotherapy (75.8%), radiotherapy (54.7%), and surgery (54.4%). Neurocognitive symptoms (eg, fatigue, cognitive changes) were the most common (48.8%), especially among those receiving chemotherapy, followed by musculoskeletal/dermatologic symptoms (14.1%) and thoracic symptoms (13.5%). Only 11.2% were initially offered an SCP. Of those offered SCPs, 54.5% were offered by their health care provider, and most often were at a non–university-based cancer center (66.2%). Conclusion: For patients with lung cancer worldwide, it is feasible to obtain PROs and to create SCPs through an Internet-based program. As patients with lung cancer achieve improved survival, further attention should be paid to PROs. Surprisingly, neurocognitive symptoms seem to be the most common issues and therefore the most important to address. Increased effort should be made to provide SCPs, particularly in urban and university cancer center settings.
Assessing Clinical Trial–Associated Workload in Community-Based Research Programs Using the ASCO Clinical Trial Workload Assessment Tool
Authors: Good Marjorie J. , Hurley Patricia , Woo Kaitlin M. , Szczepanek Connie , Stewart Teresa , Robert Nicholas , Lyss Alan , Gönen Mithat , Lilenbaum Rogerio 
Published: May 2016

Purpose: Clinical research program managers are regularly faced with the quandary of determining how much of a workload research staff members can manage while they balance clinical practice and still achieve clinical trial accrual goals, maintain data quality and protocol compliance, and stay within budget. A tool was developed to measure clinical trial–associated workload, to apply objective metrics toward documentation of work, and to provide clearer insight to better meet clinical research program challenges and aid in balancing staff workloads. A project was conducted to assess the feasibility and utility of using this tool in diverse research settings. Methods: Community-based research programs were recruited to collect and enter clinical trial–associated monthly workload data into a web-based tool for 6 consecutive months. Descriptive statistics were computed for self-reported program characteristics and workload data, including staff acuity scores and number of patient encounters. Results: Fifty-one research programs that represented 30 states participated. Median staff acuity scores were highest for staff with patients enrolled in studies and receiving treatment, relative to staff with patients in follow-up status. Treatment trials typically resulted in higher median staff acuity, relative to cancer control, observational/registry, and prevention trials. Industry trials exhibited higher median staff acuity scores than trials sponsored by the National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute, academic institutions, or others. Conclusion: The results from this project demonstrate that trial-specific acuity measurement is a better measure of workload than simply counting the number of patients. The tool was shown to be feasible and useable in diverse community-based research settings.
Presenting Symptoms in the Emergency Department as Predictors of Intensive Care Unit Admissions and Hospital Mortality in a Comprehensive Cancer Center
Authors: Elsayem Ahmed F. , Merriman Kelly W. , Gonzalez Carmen E. , Yeung Sai-Ching J. , Chaftari Patrick S. , Reyes-Gibby Cielito , Todd Knox H. 
Published: May 2016

Purpose: The identification of patients at high risk for poor outcomes may allow for earlier palliative care and prevent futile interventions. We examined the association of presenting symptoms on risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and hospital death among patients with cancer admitted through an emergency department (ED). Methods: We queried MD Anderson Cancer Center databases for all patients who visited the ED in 2010. Presenting symptoms, ICU admissions, and hospital deaths were reviewed; patient data analyzed; and risk factors for ICU admission and hospital mortality identified. Results: The main presenting symptoms were pain, fever, and respiratory distress. Of the patients with cancer who visited the ED, 5,362 (58%) were admitted to the hospital at least once (range, 1 to 13 admissions), 697 (13%) were admitted to the ICU at least once, and 587 (11%) died during hospitalization (31% of 233 patients with hematologic malignancies and 27% of 354 patients with solid tumors died in the ICU; P < .001). In multivariable logistic regression, presenting symptoms of respiratory distress or altered mental status; lung cancer, leukemia, or lymphoma; and nonwhite race were independent predictors of hospital death. Patients who died had a longer median length of hospital stay than patients discharged alive (14 v 6 days for hematologic malignancies and 7 v 5 days for solid tumors; P < .001). Conclusion: Patients with cancer admitted through an ED experience high ICU admission and hospital mortality rates. Patients with advanced cancer and respiratory distress or altered mental status may benefit from palliative care that avoids unnecessary interventions.
How Well Do All Patient Refined–Diagnosis-Related Groups Explain Costs of Pediatric Cancer Chemotherapy Admissions in the United States?
Authors: Russell Heidi , Street Andrew , Ho Vivian 
Published: May 2016

Purpose: State-based Medicaid programs have begun using All Patient Refined–Diagnosis-Related Groups (APR-DRGs) to determine hospital reimbursement rates. Medicaid provides coverage for 45% of childhood cancer admissions. This study aimed to examine how well APR-DRGs reflect admission costs for childhood cancer chemotherapy to inform clinicians, hospitals, and policymakers in the wake of policy changes. Methods: We identified 25,613 chemotherapy admissions in the 2009 Kids’ Inpatient Database. To determine how well APR-DRGs explain costs, we applied a hierarchic linear regression model of hospital costs, allowing for a variety of patient, hospital, and geographic confounders. Results: APR-DRGs proved to be the most important predictors of admission costs (P < .001), with costs increasing by DRG severity code. Diagnosis, age, and hospital characteristics also predicted costs above and beyond those explained by APR-DRGs. Compared with admissions for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, costs of admissions for patients with acute myelomonocytic leukemia were 82% higher; non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 20% higher; Hodgkin lymphoma, 25% lower; and CNS tumors, 27% lower. Admissions for children who were 10 years of age or older cost 26% to 35% more than admissions for infants. Admissions to children’s hospitals cost 46% more than admissions to other hospital types. Conclusion: APR-DRGs developed for adults are applicable to childhood cancer chemotherapy but should be refined to account for cancer diagnosis and patient age. Possible policy and clinical management changes merit further study to address factors not captured by APR-DRGs.
Sumoylation of eIF4A2 affects stress granule formation
Authors: Jongjitwimol Jirapas , Baldock Robert A. , Morley Simon J. , Watts Felicity Z. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
Regulation of protein synthesis is crucial for cells to maintain viability and to prevent unscheduled proliferation that could lead to tumorigenesis. Exposure to stress results in stalling of translation, with many translation initiation factors, ribosomal subunits and mRNAs being sequestered into stress granules or P bodies. This allows the re-programming of the translation machinery. Many aspects of translation are regulated by post-translational modification. Several proteomic screens have identified translation initiation factors as targets for sumoylation, although in many cases the role of this modification has not been determined. We show here that eIF4A2 is modified by SUMO, with sumoylation occurring on a single residue (K226). We demonstrate that sumoylation of eIF4A2 is modestly increased in response to arsenite and ionising radiation, but decreases in response to heat shock or hippuristanol. In arsenite-treated cells, but not in hippuristanol-treated cells, eIF4A2 is recruited to stress granules, suggesting sumoylation of eIF4A2 correlates with its recruitment to stress granules. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the inability to sumoylate eIF4A2 results in impaired stress granule formation, indicating a new role for sumoylation in the stress response.
Extraction of Polysaccharides from Japanese Cedar Using Phosphonate-Derived Polar Ionic Liquids Having Functional Groups
Authors: Fukaya Yukinobu , Asai Ryo-ichi , Kadotani Shiho , Nokami Toshiki , Itoh Toshiyuki 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Extraction of polysaccharides from Japanese cedar using ionic liquids has been demonstrated. To this aim, eleven types of phosphonate ionic liquids have been synthesized, their properties investigated, and applied to biomass processing. All ionic liquids prepared display strong hydrogen-bonding characteristics of Kamlet–Taft parameters (β &gt; 1.1) which enabled the effective extraction of polysaccharides from Japanese cedar. In particular, 15 wt % of polysaccharides was extracted from Japanese cedar powder using 1-(3-methoxypropyl)-3-methylimidazolium ethyl ethylphosphonate. Since the ionic liquid is easily prepared using conventional reagents and might be applicable to large-scale reactions, it is expected that practical polysaccharide extraction using the ionic liquid might be possible from a wide variety of biomass resources.
Crop domestication, global human-mediated migration, and the unresolved role of geography in pest control
Authors: Chen Yolanda H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractEcological pest management seeks to improve pest control through the manipulation of ecological processes that promote natural enemies and suppress pests. These approaches can involve cultural practices such as reduced tillage, increased use of non-crop plants that provide food and shelter for natural enemies, and intercropping to enhance the abundance and diversity of natural enemies. A major assumption of ecological pest management is that these activities can be equally effective for all insect herbivores. Here, I propose that these strategies may only be effective for a subset of pests and geographic regions because most insect pests have complex evolutionary histories that make them difficult to manage. I discuss how crop domestication and human-mediated migration are major evolutionary events that shape the geography of interactions between plants, herbivores, and natural enemies. Insect herbivores can evolve to be pests through three major modes: 1) herbivores associated with the crop wild ancestor may shift onto the domesticated crop, 2) herbivores may host-shift from native host plants onto an introduced crop, or 3) human-mediated migration can introduce insect pests into new cropping regions. The resulting geographic structure can influence the success of pest management by altering ecological factors such as: species distributions, patterns of biodiversity, community structure, and natural enemy attack rates. I discuss how the different modes of insect pest evolution structure a set of relevant questions and approaches for ecological pest management. By acknowledging how agricultural history and geography shape the ecology and evolution of insect pests, we may collectively develop a better capacity to identify where and how ecological pest management approaches can be most broadly effective.