bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy and Reproducibility Using Patient-Specific Instrumentation in Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Daigre Justin , Berlet Gregory , Van Dyke Bryan , Peterson Kyle S. , Santrock Robert 
Published: December 2016

Background: Implant survivorship is dependent on accuracy of implantation and successful soft tissue balancing. System instrumentation for total ankle arthroplasty implantation has a key influence on surgeon accuracy and reproducibility. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy and reproducibility of implant position with patient-specific guides for total ankle arthroplasty across multiple surgeons at multiple facilities. Methods: This retrospective, multicenter study included 44 patients who received a total ankle implant (INBONE II Total Ankle System; Wright Medical Technology, Memphis, TN) using PROPHECY patient-specific guides from January 2012 to December 2014. Forty-four patients with an average age of 63.0 years underwent total ankle arthroplasty using this preoperative patient-specific system. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained to assess coronal plane deformity, assess mechanical and anatomic alignment, and build patient-specific guides that referenced bony anatomy. The mean preoperative coronal deformity was 4.6 ± 4.6 degrees (range, 14 degrees varus to 17 degrees valgus). The first postoperative weightbearing radiographs were used to measure coronal and sagittal alignment of the implant vs the anatomic axis of the tibia. Results: In 79.5% of patients, the postoperative implant position of the tibia corresponded to the preoperative plan of the tibia within 3 degrees of the intended target, within 4 degrees in 88.6% of patients, and within 5 degrees in 100% of patients. The tibial component coronal size was correctly predicted in 98% of cases, whereas the talar component was correctly predicted in 80% of cases. Conclusion: The use of patient-specific instrumentation for total ankle arthroplasty provided reliable alignment and reproducibility in the clinical situation similar to that shown in cadaveric testing. This study has shown that the preoperative patient-specific instrumentation provided for accuracy and reproducibility of ankle arthroplasty implantation in a cohort across multiple surgeons and facilities. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative series.
The Role of Electrodiagnostic Testing, Imaging, and Muscle Biopsy in the Investigation of Muscle Disease
Authors: Rosow Laura K. , Amato Anthony A. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

Purpose of Review: This article reviews the roles of electrodiagnostic testing, imaging studies (MRI and ultrasound), and muscle biopsy in evaluating patients for possible muscle diseases.

Recent Findings: In addition to electrodiagnostic testing and muscle biopsy, muscle imaging is increasingly being used in the evaluation of patients with suspected muscle disease. MRI and ultrasound can help identify patterns of muscle involvement that may narrow the differential diagnosis and guide further testing. In addition, imaging can identify potential targets for muscle biopsy and can help evaluate for and exclude certain conditions that may mimic muscle disease.

Summary: This article provides a comprehensive overview of various testing modalities used in the evaluation of patients with suspected muscle disease, including electrodiagnostic studies, muscle imaging, and biopsy. In combination with a thorough history and clinical examination, these modalities can help narrow the differential diagnosis or, in certain cases, can confirm a specific etiology of muscle disease.
Autoimmune Myopathies
Authors: Mammen Andrew L. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

Purpose of Review: This article provides guidelines for diagnosing and treating the different subtypes of autoimmune myopathies.

Recent Findings: The most common subtypes of autoimmune myopathies are dermatomyositis, immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy, antisynthetase syndrome, and overlap syndromes; isolated polymyositis is an exceptionally rare disease. Specific autoantibodies are associated with unique clinical phenotypes and may be used for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, such as to assess the risk of coexisting malignancy.

Summary: Diagnosing the specific subtype of autoimmune myopathy can be achieved by combining relevant features of the history, neuromuscular examination, muscle biopsy, and serologic studies.
Coding in Muscle Disease
Authors: Jones Lyell K. , Ney John P. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Accurate coding is critically important for clinical practice and research. Ongoing changes to diagnostic and billing codes require the clinician to stay abreast of coding updates. Payment for health care services, data sets for health services research, and reporting for medical quality improvement all require accurate administrative coding. This article provides an overview of administrative coding for patients with muscle disease and includes a case-based review of diagnostic and Evaluation and Management (E/M) coding principles in patients with myopathy. Procedural coding for electrodiagnostic studies and neuromuscular ultrasound is also reviewed.
Registry Participation in Neuromuscular Disease
Authors: Shenoy Anant M. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Patient registries are a resource to better study neurologic disease and may facilitate the development of future treatments. Clinicians should become comfortable with the strengths and limitations of patient registries and be able to discuss them with their patients. This article discusses the use of patient registries through the example of registries for patients with neuromuscular disease.
Local self-government in Russia: assessing of system level in the organization and reform
Authors: Магомедов  , Magomedov Kerem , Черкашин  , Cherkashin Sergey 
Published: December 2016

In recent years there has been updating of various problems of organization, functioning and development of local self-government system in Russia. Research and publication activity of Russian scientists shows it. The scientists of the Institute of Public Administration and Management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration have dealt with the problems of local government in sociological research.
Also the problems of increasing the level of consistency of local government, based on assessment of some of the essential aspects of this process such as the interaction of local authorities with federal and regional authorities and management in the solution of territorial problems. It was determined that all categories of participants of the study generally appreciate changes in the activities of local governments over the past 5 years, however, it is early to prove that positive changes have significantly increased the level of systemic development of Institute of local government– participants in the research were divided into two approximately equal groups, adhering to positive and negative evaluations. The conclusion derived from the analysis of the materials research: consistency of local government provides a variety of factors and conditions that have their own dynamic of change, and it is necessary to understand and analyze them constantly and purposefully.
Some aspects of studying public opinion of the population of the Orel region of activities of the Department of Internal Affairs
Authors: Гаврилин  , Gavrilin Sergey 
Published: December 2016

The article presents the results of sociological research reflecting opinion of the citizens of the Orel region on the activities of the law-enforcement bodies. It is shown that the lack of professional competence, immoral behavior of workers, the violation of laws by them, indifference to people, poor culture of communication reduce the credibility of law-enforcement bodies.
It is determined that the inclusion of public opinion in the system of adjustments of the administrative practices of the law-enforcement bodies is aimed at increasing the credibility of the data structures among the population. Some recommendations to increase the level of population confidence of the region to the law-enforcement bodies are suggested.
“Interaction” as a category of political science and a subject of political studies
Authors: Немцев  , Nemtsev Aleksandr 
Published: December 2016

In this article a comprehensive socio-philosophical and political analysis of &#34;interaction&#34; category is presented. It is shown that &#34;interaction&#34; is one of the most problematic in terms of theoretical and methodological categories of political science, unsufficiently developed by Russian scientists.
In this connection, the nature and content of the term &#34;interaction&#34; is clarified taking into account the implementation of information and communication technologies in the activity of the state, as well as the development of civil society, including information.
The system of administration in social security and its structure in the post-Soviet period
Authors: Радонова  , Radonova Anna 
Published: December 2016

The paper summarizes information on the structure of government in the field of social protection of the population in the post-Soviet period. The aim of the study is to characterize the system of administration in the field of social protection of population of the Russian Federation at the turn of ХХ-ХIХ centuries. The analysis of regulations governing their activities, basic powers and functions are given.
In addition, the stages of social protection of the population management reform and the reasons for the difficulties encountered in this regard are analyzed. The purpose and procedure of reforming social security in the whole territory of the Russian Federation are revealed.
The project management in the system of the state control: problems of application
Authors: Грядунова  , Gryadunova Alina , Леонова  , Leonova Oksana , Крюкова  , Kryukova Olga 
Published: December 2016

The article deals with the process of modernization of public administration through the introduction of a project management system: defines its role, place and possible application prospects; the main barriers to the introduction and successful implementation of the project management system are identified, including the unwillingness to change and possible risks, the misconception about the system and the results of its application, the imperfection of the legal framework. Also, the problems that require solutions are training of specialists in the field of project management, implementation and use of the software, the complexity of determining the objectives of the project, the effectiveness of its implementation, incorrect distribution of responsibilities.
The authors suggest ways to create favorable conditions for effective use of the system of project management in the state structure, including improving knowledge of employees, improvement of the legal framework and case management system, management reporting, formation of statistical base for further analysis of project performance and the use of information for more efficient building of further work.
Statistical prediction of probability of financial insolvency of industrial enterprises in the conditions of import substitution
Authors: Краснобокая  , Krasnobokaya Irina 
Published: December 2016

The problem of diagnosis and prevention of financial insolvency of the domestic enterprises is one of the central problems in the system of anti-crisis financial management. Taking into account the crisis in the economy and the cyclical increase in the number of bankruptcies, it is of particular relevance in theoretical and applied aspects. The most acute problem is the bankruptcy in the industry, the development of which is an essential factor in the growth of the national economy in the context of import substitution.
Every fifth domestic company is on track to bankruptcy. In this situation an important task is recognition of the crisis and prevention of possible failure in the future. With a significant arsenal of assessment methods of probability of bankruptcy used by financial management of industrial enterprises; the choice of methods and models is still the actual problem which could provide an objective assessment of the state of the enterprise and to point out the causes of the crisis. Traditional methods of financial analysis give only an approximate gradation degree of the threat of bankruptcy, without providing information on the amount of errors of wrong diagnosis. In order to resolve these contradictions the article presents the methodical approach to forecasting financial insolvency of enterprises, based on extensive use of statistical tools. Complex use of statistical modeling methods, multivariate statistical analysis of comparative, statistical pattern of recognition the images allow on a scientific theoretical basis to provide a guaranteed accuracy of forecasting results and an objective diagnosis of the financial insolvency and the formation of high-quality information base for management anti-crisis decisions in the real economy.
GOVERNMENT REGIME AND POLITICAL REGIME: ARE SYNONIMOUS OR NOT?
Authors: Осавелюк Алексей , Osavelyuk Aleksey 
Published: December 2016

By this time in the domestic literature on theory of law and constitutional law were discrepancies in the definition of &#34;political regime&#34;, &#34;national treatment&#34;, &#34;public-political regime.&#34;
Getting to the analysis of this issue, it should be borne in mind that the concept of &#34;political regime&#34; first appeared in the theory of law and, with few exceptions, are still dominated by specialists in scientific works in the area of knowledge. The concept of &#34;public mode&#34; generated mainly by scientists-constitutionalists and can more accurately reflect the events specified industry research.
On the basis of analysis of scientific literature, law, legislation and legal practice shows the causes of the current situation, as well as the developed author´s position about the features and the differences of state and political regimes, suggests possible areas of their application in Russia and in foreign countries.
CHANGES OF TAX RATES AND THEIR IMPACT ON REVENUES OF THE TAX AMINISTRATION OF KOSOVO
Authors: Dervishaj Shefqet 
Published: December 2016

In the early postwar years, Kosovo was faced with a destroyed economy and an inexperienced tax system and was mainly based on the experiences of other countries and not in accordance with the real situation and needs of post-war Kosovo which had to start from “zero” in many areas.The post-war tax policy in Kosovo started with the tax system in accordance with UNMIK Regulations, which were almost all copied from other countries such as from countries in transition as well as from EU Countries, therefore these regulations were inconsistent with the current situation in Kosovo.The Agency which deals with tax administration is the Tax Administration in Kosovo (TAK). From the beginning of the work of TAK, from 2000 until today, Kosovo`s tax system has been constantly adapting changes in tax laws aswell as in tax rates. The main focus of this paper is how changes affect the applicable tax rates in Kosovo and how much impact has this change on the TAK revenues. The current applicable taxes in Kosovo are: Value added tax (VAT); Personal income tax (PIT), and Corporate income tax (CIT). All these different kinds of taxes have undergone changes in their application as well as in their level of tax rates.
THE REPRESENTATION OF THE WOMAN IN THE MEDIA DISCOURSE IN ALBANIA
Authors: Hoxha Isida 
Published: December 2016

In the Albanian society, gender differences remain even though several initiatives of national and international authorities aim to eliminate stereotyping related to gender differences. In this context, media can and must be , the most essential contributor towards improving women’s status. Media, through its power, can greatly influence public opinion by orienting the information the public receives and how the public should thinks. This approach in communication science is part of the “framing” theory, which is related to agenda setting. The research question raised in this paper is about how the woman is represented in the written media in Albania. Are the stereotypes created by society reinforced by the printed media? The methodology used in this study involves discourse analyses of the printed media, specifically the independent newspapers during October 2012. The findings of this study explain that, while the press brands the woman, representation enforces her stereotype.
A service improvement ‘tool kit’ for effective heart failure management in primary care
Authors: Astin Felicity , Burey Lorraine , Cook Penny A , O'Donnell Caroline , Deaton Christi , Lewthwaite Kieley , Terry Dan , Lacey Sam , Adams Jack , Rothwell Katy , Humpreys John 
Published: December 2016

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a complex and highly debilitating clinical syndrome. International guidelines identify the optimum clinical management of patients living with HF in primary care but translation of these into practice remains inadequate. The aim of this service evaluation is to measure standards of HF diagnosis and management, before and after the implementation of The Greater Manchester Heart Failure Investigation Tool (GM-HFIT), a facilitated ‘tool kit’ designed to optimise HF care. Methods: The GM-HFIT was developed as a means of assessing and improving care and was implemented as part of a facilitated service improvement and evaluation in primary care using a prospective, pre-test, post-test design. Results: Anonymised pre- and post-audit data were taken from a sample of 1130 cases entered on general practice HF registers. These cases were from two clinical commissioning groups (39 general practices) in the north west of England and were analysed to compare HF management and treatment parameters against clinical guidelines. Implementation of the GM-HFIT tool kit was associated with a reduction in the number of patients inappropriately placed on the HF register (p<0.001), an improvement in the recording and documentation of pulse rate and rhythm (p=0.005) and the proportion of patients receiving the target dose of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and beta-blockers (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the recording and documentation of blood pressure levels or in documented target blood pressure levels across the time points. Conclusion: The introduction of the GM-HFIT kit was associated with statistically significant improvements in the identification and clinical management of patients diagnosed with HF in primary care.
Venous leg ulcers: appropriate diagnosis and evidence-based treatment
Authors: Nazarko Linda 
Published: December 2016

Each year around £3.3 billion is spent on wound care in the community. Community nurses care for around 730 000 with leg ulcers each year and around 284 000 people still have a leg ulcer after a year. This article explores the issue of hard to heal leg ulcers and what community nurses can do to improve healing rates and improve quality of life for people with leg ulcers.
Synthesis and characterization of PIL/pNIPAAm hybrid hydrogels
Authors: Pfensig Sylvia , Arbeiter Daniela , Schmitz Klaus-Peter , Grabow Niels , Eickner Thomas , Illner Sabine 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this study, varying amounts of NIPAAm and an ionic liquid (IL), namely 1-vinyl-3-isopropylimidazolium bromide ([ViPrIm]+[Br]−), have been used to synthesize hybrid hydrogels by radical emulsion polymerization. Amounts of 70/30%, 50/50%, 30/70%, 15/85% and 5/95% (wt/wt) of PIL/pNIPAAm were used to produce hybrid hydrogels as well as the parental hydrogels. The adhesive strength was investigated and evaluated for mechanical characterization. Thermal properties of resulting hydrogels have been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in a default heating temperature range (heating rate 10 K min−1). The presence of poly ionic liquids (PIL) in the polymer matrix leads to a moved LCST (lower critical solution temperature) to a higher temperature range for certain hybrid hydrogels PIL/pNIPAAm. While pNIPAAm exhibits an LCST at 33.9 ± 0.3°C, PIL/pNIPAAm 5/95% and PIL/pNIPAAm 15/85% were found to have LCSTs at 37.6 ± 0.9°C and 52 ± 2°C, respectively. This could be used for controlled drug release that goes along with increasing body temperature in response to an implantation caused infection.
Novel blood protein based scaffolds for cardiovascular tissue engineering
Authors: Kuhn Antonia I. , Müller Marc , Knigge Sara , Glasmacher Birgit 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
A major challenge in cardiovascular tissue engineering is the fabrication of scaffolds, which provide appropriate morphological and mechanical properties while avoiding undesirable immune reactions. In this study electrospinning was used to fabricate scaffolds out of blood proteins for cardiovascular tissue engineering. Lyophilised porcine plasma was dissolved in deionised water at a final concentration of 7.5% m/v and blended with 3.7% m/v PEO. Electrospinning resulted in homogeneous fibre morphologies with a mean fibre diameter of 151 nm, which could be adapted to create macroscopic shapes (mats, tubes). Cross-linking with glutaraldehyde vapour improved the long-term stability of protein based scaffolds in comparison to untreated scaffolds, resulting in a mass loss of 41% and 96% after 28 days of incubation in aqueous solution, respectively.
Cell adhesion and viability of human endothelial cells on electrospun polymer scaffolds
Authors: Matschegewski Claudia , Matthies Jörn-Bo , Grabow Niels , Schmitz Klaus-Peter 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The usage of electrospun polymer scaffolds is a promising approach for artificial heart valve design. This study aims at the evaluation of biological performance of nanofibrous polymer scaffolds poly(L-lactide) PLLA L210, PLLA L214 and polyamide-6 fabricated by electrospinning via analyzing viability, adhesion and morphology of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (EA.hy926). Nanofibrous surface topography was shown to influence cell phenotype and cell viability according to the observation of diminished cell spreading accompanied with reduced cell viability on nonwovens. Among those, highest biocompatibility was assessed for PLLA L214, although being generally low when compared to the planar control surface. Electrospinning was demonstrated as an innovative technique for the fabrication of advanced biomaterials aiming at guided cellular behavior as well as the design of novel implant platforms. A better understanding of cell–biomaterial interactions is desired to further improve implant development.
Long-term stable modifications of silicone elastomer for improved hemocompatibility
Authors: Boudot Cécile , Burkhardt Sarah , Haerst Miriam 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Silicone elastomers are well established in medical engineering and particularly in blood-contacting applications such as catheters and medical tubing. Still, their intrinsic surface properties have potential for improvement. For example, hydrophobicity reduction can be a way to provide better hemocompatibility. In this study, several bulk and surface modifications of silicone elastomers using polyethylene glycol (PEG) were investigated. All modifications induced long-term (2 months), stable wettability of the surface. Moreover, cytotoxicity testing demonstrated their suitability as implant material. Hemocompatibility was investigated through a thrombin generation assay as well as a platelet adhesion study combining an enzymatic assay and a scanning electron microscope analysis. That the hemocompatibility of silicone was considerably improved thanks to the PEG modifications could be shown. The study introduces easily processable, cost-efficient, and long-term stable hydrophilic modifications of silicone elastomer for improved hemocompatibility.