bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applications of the min-max symbols of multimodal maps
Authors: Amigó José M. , Giménez Ángel 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The min-max symbols generalize the kneading symbols in that they contain also information about the minimum or maximum character of the critical values and their iterates. Interestingly enough, this additional information can be obtained from the kneading symbols without further computation. In this paper we review some interesting applications of the min-max symbols. The applications chosen concern new expressions for the topological entropy of multimodal maps, as well as a numerical algorithm to compute it.
Degree-based indices computation for special chemical molecular structures using edge dividing method
Authors: Gao Wei , Farahani Mohammad Reza 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
In computational chemistry, the molecular structures are modelled as graphs which are called the molecular graphs. In these graphs, each vertex represents an atom and each edge denotes covalent bound between atoms. It is shown that the topological indices defined on the molecular graphs can reflect the chemical characteristics of chemical compounds and drugs. In this paper, we report several degree based indices of some widely used chemical molecular structures by means of edge dividing technology.
Multiple solutions of the Kirchhoff-type problem in RN
Authors: Jin Jiahua 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we concern with a class of quasilinear Kirchhoff-type problem. By using the Ekeland’s Variational Principle and Mountain Pass Theorem, the existence of multiple solutions is obtained. Besides, we also take this problem as an example to give the main frame of using critical point theory to find the weak solutions of nonlinear partial differential equation.
Firearm Ownership and Suicide Rates Among US Men and Women, 1981–2013
Authors: Siegel Michael , Rothman Emily F. 
Published: May 2016

Objectives. To examine the relationship between state-level firearm ownership rates and gender-specific, age-adjusted firearm and total suicide rates across all 50 US states from 1981 to 2013. Methods. We used panel data for all 50 states that included annual overall and gender-specific suicide and firearm suicide rates and a proxy for state-level household firearm ownership. We analyzed data by using linear regression and generalized estimating equations to account for clustering. Results. State-level firearm ownership was associated with an increase in both male and female firearm-related suicide rates and with a decrease in nonfirearm-related suicide rates. Higher gun ownership was associated with higher suicide rates by any means among male, but not among female, persons. Conclusions. We found a strong relationship between state-level firearm ownership and firearm suicide rates among both genders, and a relationship between firearm ownership and suicides by any means among male, but not female, individuals. Policy implications. For male persons, policies that reduce firearm ownership will likely reduce suicides by all means and by firearms. For female persons, such policies will likely reduce suicides by firearms.
A Methodological Analysis of the Mechanisms Associated With Steam/Solvent Coinjection Processes Using Dynamic Gridding
Authors: Perez-Perez A.. , Mujica M.. , Bogdanov I.. , Hy-Billiot J.. 
Published: May 2016

Summary
Hybrid steam-solvent processes have gained importance as a thermal-recovery process for heavy oils in recent years. Numerous pilot projects during the last decade indicate the increasing interest in this technology. The steam/solvent coinjection process aims to accelerate oil production, increase ultimate oil recovery, reduce energy and water-disposal requirements, and diminish the volume of emitted greenhouse gases compared with the steam-assisted-gravity-drainage (SAGD) process. Among the identified physical mechanisms that play a role during the hybrid steam/solvent processes are the heat-transfer phenomena, the gravity drainage and viscous flow, the solvent mass transfer, and the mass diffusion/dispersion phenomena. The major consequence of this complex interplay is the improvement of oil-phase mobility that is controlled by the reduction in the oil-phase viscosity at the edge of the steam chamber. It follows that a detailed representation of this narrow zone is necessary to capture the involved physical phenomena.
In this work, a study of sensitivity to grid size was carried out to define the appropriate grid necessary to represent the near-edge zone of the steam/solvent chamber. Our results for the steam/solvent coinjection process in a homogeneous synthetic reservoir indicate that a decimetric scale is required to represent with a good precision the heat and mass-transfer processes taking place at the edge of the steam chamber. In addition, we present some numerical results of the adaptive dynamic gridding application. Comparison was performed between the SAGD process and steam/solvent coinjection after the characterization and analysis of the mechanisms that govern oil production under typical Athabasca oil-sand conditions. Finally, in the framework of the proposed numerical methodology, the effect of solvent type and injection conditions on the oil-recovery efficiency is quantitatively illustrated. Published data for similar applications are also discussed.
It is expected that this work will provide some insight for the simulation community about methodological aspects to be taken into account when hybrid steam/solvent processes would be modeled.
Effect of Water-Soluble Drag-Reducing Polymer on Flow Patterns and Pressure Gradients of Oil/Water Flow in Horizontal and Upward-Inclined Pipes
Authors: Abubakar A.. , Al-Wahaibi Y.. , Al-Wahaibi T.. , Al-Hashmi A.. , Al-Ajmi A.. , Eshrati M.. 
Published: May 2016

Summary
Experimental investigations of flow patterns and pressure gradients of oil/water flow with and without drag-reducing polymer (DRP) were carried out in horizontal and upward-inclined acrylic pipe of 30.6-mm inner diameter (ID). The oil/water flow conditions of 0.1- to 1.6-m/s mixture velocities and 0.05–0.9 input oil-volume fractions were used, and 2,000 ppm master solution of the water-soluble DRP was prepared and injected at controlled flow rates to provide 40 ppm of the DRP in the water phase at the test section. The flow patterns at the water-continuous flows were affected by the DRP, whereas there were no tangible effects of the DRP at the oil-continuous flow regions. The upward inclinations shifted the boundaries between stratified flows and dual continuous flows, and the boundaries between dual continuous flows and water-continuous flows to lower mixture velocities. This means that the inclinations increased the rate of dispersions. The frictional pressure gradients for both with and without DRP slightly decreased with inclinations especially at low mixture velocities, whereas the significant increases in the total pressure gradients with the inclinations were more pronounced at low mixture velocities. The inclinations did not have a major effect on the drag reductions by the DRP at the high mixture velocities and low-input oil-volume fractions where the highest drag reductions recorded were 64% at 0° inclination and 62% at both + 5° and +10° inclinations. However, the inclinations increased the drag reductions as the input oil-volume fractions were increased before phase-inversion points.
Joint-Specific Play Controller for Upper Extremity Therapy: Feasibility Study in Children With Wrist Impairment
Authors: Wilcox Bethany J. , Wilkins Megan M. , Basseches Benjamin , Schwartz Joel B. , Kerman Karen , Trask Christine , Brideau Holly , Crisco Joseph J. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Background
Challenges with any therapeutic program for children include the level of the child's engagement or adherence. Capitalizing on one of the primary learning avenues of children, play, the approach described in this article is to develop therapeutic toy and game controllers that require specific and repetitive joint movements to trigger toy/game activation.

Objective
The goal of this study was to evaluate a specially designed wrist flexion and extension play controller in a cohort of children with upper extremity motor impairments (UEMIs). The aim was to understand the relationship among controller play activity, measures of wrist and forearm range of motion (ROM) and spasticity, and ratings of fun and difficulty.

Design
This was a cross-sectional study of 21 children (12 male, 9 female; 4–12 years of age) with UEMIs.

Methods
All children participated in a structured in-clinic play session during which measurements of spasticity and ROM were collected. The children were fitted with the controller and played with 2 toys and 2 computer games for 5 minutes each. Wrist flexion and extension motion during play was recorded and analyzed. In addition, children rated the fun and difficulty of play.

Results
Flexion and extension goal movements were repeatedly achieved by children during the play session at an average frequency of 0.27 Hz. At this frequency, 15 minutes of play per day would result in approximately 1,700 targeted joint motions per week. Play activity was associated with ROM measures, specifically supination, but toy perception ratings of enjoyment and difficulty were not correlated with clinical measures.

Limitations
The reported results may not be representative of children with more severe UEMIs.

Conclusions
These outcomes indicate that the therapeutic controllers elicited repetitive goal movements and were adaptable, enjoyable, and challenging for children of varying ages and UEMIs.
CONSTRAINING GAMMA-RAY EMISSION FROM LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES WITH FERMI-LAT; TENTATIVE DETECTION OF ARP 220
Authors: Griffin Rhiannon D. , Dai Xinyu , Thompson Todd A. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
Star-forming galaxies produce gamma-rays primarily via pion production, resulting from inelastic collisions between cosmic-ray protons and the interstellar medium (ISM). The dense ISM and high star formation rates of luminous and ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs and ULIRGs) imply that they should be strong gamma-ray emitters, but so far only two LIRGs have been detected. Theoretical models for their emission depend on the unknown fraction of cosmic-ray protons that escape these galaxies before interacting. We analyze Fermi-LAT data for 82 of the brightest Infrared Astronomical Satellite LIRGs and ULIRGs. We examine each system individually and carry out a stacking analysis to constrain their gamma-ray fluxes. We report the detection of the nearest ULIRG Arp 220 (∼4.6σ). We observe a gamma-ray flux (0.8–100 GeV) of 2.4 × 10−10 phot cm−2 s−1 with a photon index of 2.23 (8.2 × 1041 erg s−1 at 77 Mpc). We also derive upper limits (ULs) for the stacked LIRGs and ULIRGs. The gamma-ray luminosity of Arp 220 and the stacked ULs agree with calorimetric predictions for dense star-forming galaxies. With the detection of Arp 220, we extend the gamma-ray–IR luminosity correlation to the high-luminosity regime with

log

L

0.1
−
100

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=
1.25
×
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L

8
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1000

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+
26.7

as well as the gamma-ray–radio continuum luminosity correlation with

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L

0.1
−
100

GeV

=
1.22
×
log

L

1.4

GHz

+
13.3

. The current survey of Fermi-LAT is on the verge of detecting more LIRGs/ULIRGs in the local universe, and we expect even more detections with deeper Fermi-LAT observations or the next generation of gamma-ray detectors.
Haulotte : préparer le renouveau pendant la crise
Authors: Saubot Alexandre 
Published: May 2016

Face à l’effondrement, en 2009, de son marché, Haulotte a recours au chômage partiel à hauteur de 50 à 75 % pendant dix-huit mois. Pour maintenir lien social et savoir-faire, un plan de formation est mis en place. Puis l’entreprise redémarre et devient leader européen.
The Sacramental Piety of Early American Methodists: The Fluvanna Conference of 1779 Revisited
Authors: Bruns Steven David 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
There is continuing debate over the place of the sacraments in early American Methodism and the extent to which the Methodists valued them. The Fluvanna Conference of 1779 is key to understanding early American Eucharistic piety. By analysing the American Methodists' writings, a sacramental piety that is primarily ecclesiological is discovered. This piety is congruent with one dimension of John Wesley's Eucharistic theology: that the sacraments are a marker of a true church. The American Methodists in 1779 sought the authority to administer the sacraments so they could have an independent church.
Untwisting the Tangled Web: Charles Wesley and Elizabeth Story
Authors: Maddox Randy L. , Underhill Timothy 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The recent publication of a more complete edition of Charles Wesley's manuscript journal provides greater awareness of the personal trials he faced, including an accusation of sexual improprieties in late 1744. This article summarizes that specific case, identifies the woman involved, introduces a previously unpublished document clearing Charles Wesley of these charges, and reflects on possible motivations for soliciting this document five years after the event.
Melatonin Protects Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from Oxidative Stress and Cell Death
Authors: Tan Shaun S. , Han Xiaolian , Sivakumaran Priyadharshini , Lim Shiang Y. , Morrison Wayne A. 
Published: May 2016

Background Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have applications in regenerative medicine based on their therapeutic potential to repair and regenerate diseased and damaged tissue. They are commonly subject to oxidative stress during harvest and transplantation, which has detrimental effects on their subsequent viability. By functioning as an antioxidant against free radicals, melatonin may exert cytoprotective effects on ASCs.
Methods We cultured human ASCs in the presence of varying dosages of hydrogen peroxide and/or melatonin for a period of 3 hours. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined with propidium iodide and Hoechst 33342 staining under fluorescence microscopy.
Results Hydrogen peroxide (1–2.5 mM) treatment resulted in an incremental increase in cell death. 2 mM hydrogen peroxide was thereafter selected as the dose for co-treatment with melatonin. Melatonin alone had no adverse effects on ASCs. Co-treatment of ASCs with melatonin in the presence of hydrogen peroxide protected ASCs from cell death in a dose-dependent manner, and afforded maximal protection at 100 µM (n=4, one-way analysis of variance P<0.001). Melatonin co-treated ASCs displayed significantly fewer apoptotic cells, as demonstrated by condensed and fragmented nuclei under fluorescence microscopy.
Conclusions Melatonin possesses cytoprotective properties against oxidative stress in human ASCs and might be a useful adjunct in fat grafting and cell-assisted lipotransfer.
Self‐Assembly Directed Organization of Nanodiamond During Ionic Liquid Crystalline Polymer Formation
Authors: Ringstrand Bryan S. , Seifert Sönke , Podlesak David W. , Firestone Millicent A. 
Published: May 2016

The UV‐initiated free radical polymerization of a lyotropic mesophase prepared by co‐assembly of an aqueous mixture of an ionic liquid (IL) monomer, 3‐decyl‐1‐vinylimidazolium chloride, in a dimethyl sulfoxide dispersion of an IL‐monomer nanodiamond conjugate yields a well‐ordered 2D hexagonally structured network–polymer composite. The IL monomer is covalently bound to carboxylated detonation diamond via ester‐linked 3‐decyl‐1‐vinylimidazolium bromide. Successful preparation of the amphiphile‐functionalized nanodiamond is determined by ATR/FT‐IR, thermogravimetric analysis, and small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS). Mesophase and composite structure are evaluated by SAXS, revealing a columnar architecture composed of amphiphilic ionic liquid cylinders containing solvent‐rich cores. Self‐assembly directed site localization of the nanodiamond positions the particles in the alkyl chain continuum upon polymerization. The composite reversibly swells in ethanol allowing structural variation and modulation of the nanoparticle internal packing arrangement. This work demonstrates that through careful molecular design, self‐organization and site‐directed assembly of nanodiamond into chemically distinct regions of a nanostructured organogel can be achieved.
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Diving into the rat plasma proteome to get to the bottom of decompression sickness
Authors: Eftedal Ingrid 
Published: May 2016

Decompression sickness (DCS) is the collective term for an array of signs and symptoms triggered by ambient pressure reduction. It is of particular concern to divers as they decompress on ascend from depth to sea surface, but despite a long history of studies the determinants of DCS risk are incompletely understood and there are no validated biomarkers. In this issue of Proteomics Clinical Applications, Lautridou et al. [8] report on their search for DCS biomarkers in rats exposed to simulated diving. By comparing the plasma proteomes from animals showing neurological symptoms to those emerging from dives unaffected, they identified several high‐abundance proteins not previously associated with DCS. The most significant finding was a near depletion of thyroxine‐ and vitamin A transporter transthyretin in symptomatic rats. In addition to their potential role as diagnostic biomarkers, the proteins identified in Lautridou's study may offer new pieces in the yet incomplete puzzle of DCS etiology.
Mycoprotein reduces energy intake and postprandial insulin release without altering glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide tyrosine-tyrosine concentrations in healthy overweight and obese adults: a randomised-controlled trial
Authors: Bottin Jeanne H. , Swann Jonathan R. , Cropp Eleanor , Chambers Edward S. , Ford Heather E. , Ghatei Mohammed A. , Frost Gary S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDietary mycoprotein decreases energy intake in lean individuals. The effects in overweight individuals are unclear, and the mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mycoprotein on energy intake, appetite regulation, and the metabolic phenotype in overweight and obese volunteers. In two randomised-controlled trials, fifty-five volunteers (age: 31 (95 % CI 27, 35) years), BMI: 28·0 (95 % CI 27·3, 28·7) kg/m2) consumed a test meal containing low (44 g), medium (88 g) or high (132 g) mycoprotein or isoenergetic chicken meals. Visual analogue scales and blood samples were collected to measure appetite, glucose, insulin, peptide tyrosine-tyrosine (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Ad libitum energy intake was assessed after 3 h in part A (n 36). Gastric emptying by the paracetamol method, resting energy expenditure and substrate oxidation were recorded in part B (n 14). Metabonomics was used to compare plasma and urine samples in response to the test meals. Mycoprotein reduced energy intake by 10 % (280 kJ (67 kcal)) compared with chicken at the high content (P=0·009). All mycoprotein meals reduced insulin concentrations compared with chicken (incremental AUClow (IAUClow): −8 %, IAUCmedium: −12 %, IAUChigh: −21 %, P=0·004). There was no significant difference in glucose, PYY, GLP-1, gastric emptying rate and energy expenditure. Following chicken intake, paracetamol-glucuronide was positively associated with fullness. After mycoprotein, creatinine and the deamination product of isoleucine, α-keto-β-methyl-N-valerate, were inversely related to fullness, whereas the ketone body, β-hydroxybutyrate, was positively associated. In conclusion, mycoprotein reduces energy intake and insulin release in overweight volunteers. The mechanism does not involve changes in PYY and GLP-1. The metabonomics analysis may bring new understanding to the appetite regulatory properties of food.
Ruthless Manipulation or Benevolent Amnesia? The role of the history of the Fifteen-year War in China's diplomacy towards Japan before the 1982 Textbook Incident
Authors: YANG CHAN 
Published: May 2016

AbstractExploring how the history of the Fifteen-year War was dealt with in pre-1982 mainland China is an essential step towards understanding the currently explosive Sino-Japanese History Problem; furthermore, this might shed light on various issues in the post-war history of China and Sino-Japanese relations. However, available research on the pre-1982 period is scarce and problematic. Earlier political scientists argue that the history of the war was ruthlessly manipulated by the Chinese Communist Party regime, while some recent studies believe that the war was conveniently ‘forgotten’ as Sino-Japanese friendship was vital for the government of the People's Republic of China. This article aims at providing an accurate and thorough picture of how the history of the Fifteen-year War was positioned in the diplomatic practice of the Chinese Communist Party regime in relation to Japan during the period.
Asymptotic structure of free product von Neumann algebras
Authors: HOUDAYER CYRIL , UEDA YOSHIMICHI 
Published: May 2016

AbstractLet (M, ϕ) = (M1, ϕ1) * (M2, ϕ2) be the free product of any σ-finite von Neumann algebras endowed with any faithful normal states. We show that whenever Q ⊂ M is a von Neumann subalgebra with separable predual such that both Q and Q ∩ M1 are the ranges of faithful normal conditional expectations and such that both the intersection Q ∩ M1 and the central sequence algebra Q′ ∩ Mω are diffuse (e.g. Q is amenable), then Q must sit inside M1. This result generalizes the previous results of the first named author in [Ho14] and moreover completely settles the questions of maximal amenability and maximal property Gamma of the inclusion M1 ⊂ M in arbitrary free product von Neumann algebras.
Mechanistic insight into cadmium-induced inactivation of the Bloom protein
Authors: Qin Wei , Bazeille Nicolas , Henry Etienne , Zhang Bo , Deprez Eric , Xi Xu-Guang 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCadmium is a toxic metal that inactivates DNA-repair proteins via multiple mechanisms, including zinc substitution. In this study, we investigated the effect of Cd2+ on the Bloom protein (BLM), a DNA-repair helicase carrying a zinc-binding domain (ZBD) and playing a critical role to ensure genomic stability. One characteristics of BLM-deficient cells is the elevated rate of sister chromatid exchanges, a phenomenon that is also induced by Cd2+. Here, we show that Cd2+ strongly inhibits both ATPase and helicase activities of BLM. Cd2+ primarily prevents BLM-DNA interaction via its binding to sulfhydryl groups of solvent-exposed cysteine residues and, concomitantly, promotes the formation of large BLM multimers/aggregates. In contrast to previously described Cd2+ effects on other zinc-containing DNA-repair proteins, the ZBD appears to play a minor role in the Cd2+-mediated inhibition. While the Cd2+-dependent formation of inactive multimers and the defect of DNA-binding were fully reversible upon addition of EDTA, the inhibition of the DNA unwinding activity was not counteracted by EDTA, indicating another mechanism of inhibition by Cd2+ relative to the targeting of a catalytic residue. Altogether, our results provide new clues for understanding the mechanism behind the ZBD-independent inactivation of BLM by Cd2+ leading to accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks.