bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facile Generation of Tumor‐pH‐Labile Linkage‐Bridged Block Copolymers for Chemotherapeutic Delivery
Authors: Sun Chun‐Yang , Liu Yang , Du Jin‐Zhi , Cao Zhi‐Ting , Xu Cong‐Fei , Wang Jun 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSuccessful bench‐to‐bedside translation of nanomedicine relies heavily on the development of nanocarriers with superior therapeutic efficacy and high biocompatibility. However, the optimal strategy for improving one aspect often conflicts with the other. Herein, we report a tactic of designing tumor‐pH‐labile linkage‐bridged copolymers of clinically validated poly(d,l‐lactide) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG‐Dlinkm‐PDLLA) for safe and effective drug delivery. Upon arriving at the tumor site, PEG‐Dlinkm‐PDLLA nanoparticles will lose the PEG layer and increase zeta potential by responding to tumor acidity, which significantly enhances cellular uptake and improves the in vivo tumor inhibition rate to 78.1 % in comparison to 47.8 % of the non‐responsive control. Furthermore, PEG‐Dlinkm‐PDLLA nanoparticles show comparable biocompatibility with the clinically used PEG‐b‐PDLLA micelle. The improved therapeutic efficacy and safety demonstrate great promise for our strategy in future translational studies.
Imaging Glycosylation In Vivo by Metabolic Labeling and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Neves André A. , Wainman Yéléna A. , Wright Alan , Kettunen Mikko I. , Rodrigues Tiago B. , McGuire Sarah , Hu De‐En , Bulat Flaviu , Geninatti Crich Simonetta , Stöckmann Henning , Leeper Finian J. , Brindle Kevin M. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractGlycosylation is a ubiquitous post‐translational modification, present in over 50 % of the proteins in the human genome, with important roles in cell–cell communication and migration. Interest in glycome profiling has increased with the realization that glycans can be used as biomarkers of many diseases, including cancer. We report here the first tomographic imaging of glycosylated tissues in live mice by using metabolic labeling and a gadolinium‐based bioorthogonal MRI probe. Significant N‐azidoacetylgalactosamine dependent T1 contrast was observed in vivo two hours after probe administration. Tumor, kidney, and liver showed significant contrast, and several other tissues, including the pancreas, spleen, heart, and intestines, showed a very high contrast (>10‐fold). This approach has the potential to enable the rapid and non‐invasive magnetic resonance imaging of glycosylated tissues in vivo in preclinical models of disease.
Lipid production of microalga Chlorella sorokiniana CY1 is improved by light source arrangement, bioreactor operation mode and deep‐sea water supplements
Authors: Chen Chun-Yen , Chang Hsin‐Yueh 
Published: December 2015

AbstractMicroalgae‐based biodiesel has been recognized as a sustainable and promising alternative to fossil diesel. High lipid productivity of microalgae is required for economic production of biodiesel from microalgae. This study was undertaken to enhance the growth and oil accumulation of an indigenous microalga Chlorella sorokiniana CY1 by applying engineering strategies using deep‐sea water as the medium. First, the microalga was cultivated using LED as the immersed light source, and the results showed that the immersed LED could effectively enhance the oil/lipid content and final microalgal biomass concentration to 53.8% and 2.5 g/l, respectively. Next, the semi‐batch photobioreactor operation with deep‐sea water was shown to improve lipid content and microalgal growth over those from using batch and continuous cultures under similar operating conditions. The optimal replacement ratio was 50%, resulting in an oil/lipid content and final biomass concentration of 61.5% and 2.8 g/l, respectively. A long‐term semi‐batch culture utilizing 50%‐replaced medium was carried out for four runs. The final biomass concentration and lipid productivity were 2.5 g/L and 112.2 mg/L/d, respectively. The fatty acid composition of the microalgal lipids was predominant by palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid, and this lipid quality is suitable for biodiesel production. This demonstrates that optimizing light source arrangement, bioreactor operation and deep‐sea water supplements could effectively promote the lipid production of C. sorokiniana CY1 for the applications in microalgae‐based biodiesel industry.
Sensitive method for the determination of rocilinostat in small volume mouse plasma by LC‐MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in mice
Authors: Gupta Manish , Dixit Abhishek , Devaraj V. C. , Zainuddin Mohd , Bhamidipati Ravi Kanth , Hallur Mahanandeesha S. , Dewang Purushottam , Rajagopal Sridharan , Rajagopal Sriram , Mullangi Ramesh 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA highly sensitive, specific and rapid LC‐ESI‐MS/MS method has been developed and validated for the quantification of rocilinostat in small volume mouse plasma (20 μL) using vorinostat as an internal standard (IS) as per regulatory guidelines. Sample preparation was accomplished through a protein precipitation procedure with acetonitrile. Chromatography was achieved on Prodigy ODS‐2 column using a binary gradient using mobile phase A (0.2% formic acid in water) and B (acetonitrile) at a flow rate of 0.38 mL/min. The total chromatographic run time was 4.1 min and the elution of rocilinostat and IS occurred at ~3.2 and 2.9 min, respectively. A linear response function was established in the concentration range of 0.28–1193 ng/mL in mouse plasma. The intra‐ and inter‐day accuracy and precisions were in the ranges of 3.12–8.93 and 6.41–11.6%, respectively. This novel method has been applied to a pharmacokinetic study in mice. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regulation of Isoprenoid Pheromone Biosynthesis in Bumblebee Males
Authors: Prchalová Darina , Buček Aleš , Brabcová Jana , Žáček Petr , Kindl Jiří , Valterová Irena , Pichová Iva 
Published: December 2015

AbstractMales of the closely related species Bombus terrestris and Bombus lucorum attract conspecific females by completely different marking pheromones. MP of B. terrestris and B. lucorum pheromones contain mainly isoprenoid (ISP) compounds and fatty acid derivatives, respectively. Here, we studied the regulation of ISP biosynthesis in both bumblebees. RNA‐seq and qRT‐PCR analyses indicated that acetoacetyl‐CoA thiolase (AACT), 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA reductase (HMGR), and farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS) transcripts are abundant in the B. terrestris labial gland. Maximal abundance of these transcripts correlated well with AACT enzymatic activity detected in the LG extracts. In contrast, transcript abundances of AACT, HMGR, and FPPS in B. lucorum were low, and AACT activity was not detected in LGs. These results suggest that transcriptional regulation plays a key role in the control of ISP biosynthetic gene expression and ISP pheromone biosynthesis in bumblebee males.
Global Reaction Kinetics of CO and CO2 Methanation for Dynamic Process Modeling
Authors: Rönsch Stefan , Köchermann Jakob , Schneider Jens , Matthischke Steffi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractFor the design and optimization of methfanation processes detailed modeling and simulation work is advisable. However, only a few kinetics published in literature rely on wide temperature and pressure ranges, which are prevalent at modern methanation applications with dynamic operation. Especially the simulation‐based design of methanation processes with commercial catalysts is difficult due to legal restrictions regarding the publication of kinetic data of those catalysts. In this work, rate equations for the dynamic modeling and simulation of methanation processes operating with commercial Ni/Al2O3 catalysts are selected, adapted, and tested in a dynamic reactor model. The results suggest that the catalyst's nickel content is an indicator for the choice of a rate equation. Testing of the equations in a reactor model meets published data for CO and CO2 methanation and own measurements.
Color Bricks: Building Highly Organized and Strongly Absorbing Multicomponent Arrays of Terpyridyl Perylenes on Metal Oxide Surfaces
Authors: Sariola‐Leikas Essi , Ahmed Zafar , Vivo Paola , Ojanperä Anniina , Lahtonen Kimmo , Saari Jesse , Valden Mika , Lemmetyinen Helge , Efimov Alexander 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTerpyridine‐substituted perylenes containing cyclic anhydrides in the peri position were synthesized. The anhydride group served as an anchor for assembly of the terpyridyl‐crowned chromophores as monomolecular layers on metal oxide surfaces. Further coordination with Zn2+ ions allowed for layer‐by‐layer formation of supramolecular assemblies of perylene imides on the solid substrates. With properly selected anchor and linker molecules it was possible to build high quality structures of greater than ten successive layers by a simple and straightforward procedure. The prepared films were stable and had a broad spectral coverage and high absorbance. To demonstrate their potential use, the synthesized dyes were employed in solid‐state dye‐sensitized solar cells, and electron injection from the perylene antennas to titanium dioxide was observed.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Michael Addition of Nitroalkanes to Enones and Its Application in Syntheses of (R)‐Baclofen and (R)‐Phenibut.
Authors: Guo Xing‐Tao , Shen Jie , Sha Feng , Wu Xin‐Yan 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe reaction delivers γ‐nitro ketones in high yields and with very high enantioselectivity and has a broad substrate scope.
How absorptive capacity moderates the value of firm innovativeness in turbulent markets
Authors: Tsai Kuen‐Hung , Yang Shu‐Yi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractDrawing on the complementarity perspective and contingent resource‐based theory, this study develops a moderated moderation framework to investigate how absorptive capacity moderates the value of firm innovativeness under market turbulence. The results of the survey data from 402 firms reveal that the efficacy of firm innovativeness is not universal but simultaneously contingent on absorptive capacity and market turbulence. Furthermore, absorptive capacity does not always enhance the value of firm innovativeness; the positive moderating effect of absorptive capacity manifests itself only when market turbulence is relatively high. These findings also highlight that change in customer needs is a key factor affecting the complementarity of relevant resources and capabilities. Thus, this study contributes to advances in theory and has new practical implications. Copyright © 2015 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Earnings persistence, fundamentals, and anticipation of breaking earnings strings
Authors: Yao Li. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractUsing a sample of firms with consecutive earnings growth for more than 20 quarters (earnings strings), I assess the relationship between earnings persistence and the extent to which investors are able to anticipate breaks of earnings strings. I find that firm‐specific earnings persistence exhibits a concave trend during earnings strings. Stock returns are significantly and positively associated with earnings persistence. Upon breaks of earnings strings, investors’ reactions are more negative for firms with higher earnings persistence—especially those with smaller institutional holdings and analyst coverage, and those with insider selling activities—before the break. Additional analyses show that variations in firms’ economic performance (fundamentals) explain the varying earnings persistence during earnings strings. Copyright © 2015 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation of ultrafine manganese dioxide by micro‐impinging stream reactors and its electrochemical properties
Authors: Liu Zhi‐Wei , Zhang Qing‐Cheng , Wen Li‐Xiong , Chen Jian‐Feng 
Published: December 2015

AbstractUltrafine manganese dioxide (MnO2) was synthesized by a micro‐impinging stream reactor (MISR) built from commercial T‐junctions and steel micro‐capillaries. The α‐type MnO2 particles prepared by the MISR were of spherical morphology, ∼120 nm in diameter and ∼200 m2 · g−1 in specific surface area. The particles were smaller and more uniform than those produced with traditional stirred reactors. It was also found that the morphologies and discharge specific capacitance (SC), examined by cyclic voltammograms (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge methods, of the prepared MnO2 depended strongly on the inlet velocity (u), volumetric flow ratio (q), and chamber configuration of the MISR. The as‐prepared MnO2 under optimized conditions had a discharge specific capacitance of ∼211 F · g−1 and showed a capacitance decline of ∼18 % after 1000 cycles. These values were superior to those of particles produced with stirred reactors and further confirmed the intensifying effects on micromixing behaviours of MISRs. Therefore, a MISR with good micromixing performance, short preparation time, and continuous operation will be a promising technology for the preparation of ultrafine particles.
Analysis and comparison of the NDPs of various national annexes of Eurocode 6 / Analyse und Vergleich der NDPs verschiedener nationaler Anhänge zu Eurocode 6
Authors: Graubner Carl‐Alexander , Koob Benjamin 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn the national annexes of Eurocode 6, the individual European Member States can define values for nationally determined parameters in various places or add regulations which are not in contradiction to the current European provisions. Consequently – despite a harmonized Eurocode 6 – the normative regulations of the individual Member States differ more or less. However, in the sense of practicability of the standards in Europe, it should be the aim to develop a European standard which is as uniform as possible and which has not to be applied in significantly different ways due to the national regulations. In order to better understand the interests of the other Member States for future generations of standards and to derive potentials of harmonization, the values of the Nationally Determined Parameters (NDPs) of various Member States are compared in this paper. In this context, the extent of the deviations between the different national annexes is examined and on this basis a possible potential of harmonization is identified.
Biophysical controls on canopy transpiration in a black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) plantation on the semi‐arid Loess Plateau, China
Authors: Jiao Lei , Lu Nan , Sun Ge , Ward Eric J. , Fu Bojie 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn the semi‐arid Loess Plateau of China, black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) was widely planted for soil conservation and afforestation purposes during the past three decades. Investigating biophysical controls on canopy transpiration (Ec) of the plantations is essential to understanding the effects of afforestation on watershed hydrology and regional water resources. In addition to monitoring of micrometeorology and soil water content, sap flux densities (Fd) of six representative trees in a 27‐year stand were continuously measured using thermal dissipation probes during the growing seasons in 2013 and 2014. Ec was derived by multiplying stand total sapwood area (AST) with Fd. The daily mean Ec in the growing season was 0.14 and 0.23 mm day−1 in 2013 and 2014, respectively. The responses of daily Ec to Rs and vapour pressure deficit were explained with an exponential threshold model. The variability of monthly Ec was mainly explained by leaf area index (LAI) (R2 = 0.92). The inter‐annual variability of Ec was influenced by LAI that fluctuated dramatically during 2013 and 2014. We found that the status of soil water content at the beginning of the growing season had large impacts on LAI and Ec during the growing season. Contrary to common beliefs that the plantation uses a large amount of water, we found that the black locust plantation had rather low transpiration rates (5.3% of precipitation and 4.6% of ET0). This study suggests that the black locust plantation has adapted to local soil water condition by reducing transpiration, and the major water loss from the plantation was not transpiration. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phase‐Transfer‐Catalyzed Oxazirid­ine‐Mediated Hydroxylative Phenol and Naphthol Dearomatization
Authors: Grandclaudon Charlotte , Toullec Patrick Y. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA new methodology for the dearomative ortho‐hydroxylation of substituted phenolic substrates is reported. In the presence of a phase‐transfer catalyst and a base, N‐sulfonyloxaziridines react with phenols to give the corresponding 6‐alkyl‐6‐hydroxycyclohexadienone products in moderate to good yields. The reaction proceeds in fair to good yields and excellent chemoselectivity for 2,6‐disubstituted phenols, 1‐naphthols, and 2‐naphthols.
Beach Morphodynamics influenced by an ebb‐tidal delta on the north Florida Atlantic coast
Authors: Adams Peter N. , Keough Katherine Malone , Olabarrieta Maitane 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTidal inlets interrupt longshore sediment transport, thereby exerting an influence on adjacent beach morphology. To investigate the details and spatial extent of an inlet's influence, we examine beach topographic change along a 1.5 km coastal reach adjacent to Matanzas Inlet, on the Florida Atlantic coast. Analyses of beach morphology reveal a behavioral change between 0.64 and 0.86 km from the inlet channel centerline, interpreted to represent the spatial extent of inlet influence. Beyond this boundary, the beach is narrow, exhibits a statistically significant inverse correlation of shoreline position with offshore wave conditions, and has a uniform alongshore pattern in temporal behavior, as determined from empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. On the inlet side of the boundary, the beach experiences monotonic widening (with proximity to the inlet), lacks spatial consistency in correlation between shoreline position and wave conditions, and exhibits an irregular pattern in spatial EOF modes. We augment the field observations with numerical modeling that provides calculations of wave setup and nearshore current patterns near the inlet, highlighting the effects of the ebb‐tidal delta on the assailing waves. The modeling results are verified by a natural experiment that occurred during May 2009, when a storm‐produced sedimentary mass accreted to the lower beach, then subsequently split into two oppositely directed waves of sediment that migrated away from the initial accretion site in the subsequent months. Our results suggest that the ebb‐tidal delta produces a pattern of wave setup that creates a pressure gradient driving an alongshore flow that opposes the longshore currents derived from breaking of obliquely oriented incident waves. The resulting recirculation pattern on the margin of the ebb‐tidal delta provides a mechanism through which the inlet influences adjacent barrier island beach morphology. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Defining the role of omics in assessing ecosystem health: Perspectives from the Canadian environmental monitoring program
Authors: Bahamonde Paulina A. , Feswick April , Isaacs Meghan A. , Munkittrick Kelly R. , Martyniuk Christopher J. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Scientific reviews and studies continue to describe omics technologies as the next generation of tools for environmental monitoring, while cautioning that there are limitations and obstacles to overcome. However, omics has not yet transitioned into national environmental monitoring programs designed to assess ecosystem health. Using the example of the Canadian Environmental Effects Monitoring (EEM) program, the authors describe the steps that would be required for omics technologies to be included in such an established program. These steps include baseline collection of omics endpoints across different species and sites to generate a range of what is biologically normal within a particular ecosystem. Natural individual variability in the omes is not adequately characterized and is often not measured in the field, but is a key component to an environmental monitoring program, to determine the critical effect size or action threshold for management. Omics endpoints must develop a level of standardization, consistency, and rigor that will allow interpretation of the relevance of changes across broader scales. To date, population-level consequences of routinely measured endpoints such as reduced gonad size or intersex in fish is not entirely clear, and the significance of genome-wide molecular, proteome, or metabolic changes on organism or population health is further removed from the levels of ecological change traditionally managed. The present review is not intended to dismiss the idea that omics will play a future role in large-scale environmental monitoring studies, but rather outlines the necessary actions for its inclusion in regulatory monitoring programs focused on assessing ecosystem health. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:20–35. © 2015 SETAC
Adverse health effects and histological changes in white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) exposed to dietary selenomethionine
Authors: Zee Jenna , Patterson Sarah , Gagnon Danielle , Hecker Markus 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

It has been shown that selenium (Se) released to the aquatic environment can have devastating effects on local wildlife. White sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) have a life history particularly susceptible to contaminants, and their protection is of interest as they are culturally and economically important, and many populations are classified as endangered. During the present 72-d dietary study, multiple signs of decreased health and Se lethality were observed. Juvenile white sturgeon were given diets containing 1.4 μg, 5.6 μg, 22.4 μg, or 104.4 μg selenomethionine/g food (dry mass). Selenium accumulated in muscle and liver tissue in a dose-dependent manner. Edema causing exophthalmos developed within 15 d and 23 d, and lethal effects occurred in 54% and 22% of fish in the high- and medium-dose groups, respectively. Growth and hepatosomatic index were significantly lower in the high-dose group, which also had a high incidence of food avoidance. Histology of the liver revealed a dose-dependent increase in melanomacrophage aggregates and decrease of energy stores, which indicated toxicity. These results indicate that white sturgeon are susceptible to the effects of Se accumulation over relatively short time periods. This stresses the need for continued sturgeon research and studies looking into the environmental fate and regulation of released Se. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1741–1750. © 2015 SETAC
PEFC Simulator and Real Time Monitoring System
Authors: Andújar J. M. , Segura F. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis paper presents a free software tool with two features of great interest to the community that researches, teaches/learns and professionally works in the field of polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC): (i) A simulator for training on the actual operation of a PEFC. This simulator consists on a free software tool which even allows simulating real situations like failures and breakdowns. This developed software tool helps to understand how fuel cells operate and what devices are needed to build a fuel cell system starting from the stack up to configure the whole system, and how it is possible to handle hydrogen systems without more risk than any other system based on conventional fuels; (ii) A real time monitoring system which allows have at user's disposal several variables of interest to analyze the operation of a fuel cell system (stack + BoP; Balance of Plant or all the subsystems and devices that, around the stack, make a fuel cell works properly). Additionally, the developed software tool allows processing data, obtain polarization and power curves, make statistics and even some comparisons between data obtained from the simulator and the real time monitoring system.