bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ménière’s Disease
Authors: Crowson Matthew G. , Schulz Kristine , Parham Kourosh , Vambutas Andrea , Witsell David , Lee Walter T. , Shin Jennifer J. , Pynnonen Melissa A. , Nguyen‐Huynh Anh , Ryan Sheila E. , Langman Alan 
Published: July 2016

Objective(1) Integrate practice‐based patient encounters using the Dartmouth Atlas Medicare database to understand practice treatments for Ménière’s disease (MD). (2) Describe differences in the practice patterns between academic and community providers for MD.Study DesignPractice‐based research database review.SettingCHEER (Creating Healthcare Excellence through Education and Research) network academic and community providers.Subjects and MethodsMD patient data were identified with ICD‐9 and CPT codes. Demographics, unique visits, and procedures per patient were tabulated. The Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care was used to reference regional health care utilization. Statistical analysis included 1‐way analyses of variance, bivariate linear regression, and Student’s t tests, with significance set at P <. 05.ResultsA total of 2071 unique patients with MD were identified from 8 academic and 10 community otolaryngology–head and neck surgery provider centers nationally. Average age was 56.5 years; 63.9% were female; and 91.4% self‐reported white ethnicity. There was an average of 3.2 visits per patient. Western providers had the highest average visits per patient. Midwest providers had the highest average procedures per patient. Community providers had more visits per site and per patient than did academic providers. Academic providers had significantly more operative procedures per site (P =. 0002) when compared with community providers. Health care service areas with higher total Medicare reimbursements per enrollee did not report significantly more operative procedures being performed.ConclusionThis is the first practice‐based clinical research database study to describe MD practice patterns. We demonstrate that academic otolaryngology–head and neck surgery providers perform significantly more operative procedures than do community providers for MD, and we validate these data with an independent Medicare spending database.
Thyroid Disease and Surgery in CHEER
Authors: Parham Kourosh , Chapurin Nikita , Schulz Kris , Shin Jennifer J. , Pynnonen Melissa A. , Witsell David L. , Langman Alan , Nguyen‐Huynh Anh , Ryan Sheila E. , Vambutas Andrea , Wolfley Anne , Roberts Rhonda , Lee Walter T. 
Published: July 2016

Objectives(1) Describe thyroid‐related diagnoses and procedures in Creating Healthcare Excellence through Education and Research (CHEER) across academic and community sites. (2) Compare management of malignant thyroid disease across these sites. (3) Provide practice‐based data related to flexible laryngoscopy vocal fold assessment before and after thyroid surgery based on the American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation’s clinical practice guidelines.Study DesignReview of retrospective data collection (RDC) database of the CHEER network using ICD‐9 and CPT codes related to thyroid conditions.SettingMultisite practice‐based network.Subjects and MethodsThere were 3807 thyroid patients (1392 malignant, 2415 benign) with 10,160 unique visits identified from 1 year of patient data in the RDC. Analysis was performed for identified cohort of patients using demographics, site characteristics, and diagnostic and procedural distribution.ResultsMean number of patients with thyroid disease per site was 238 (range, 23‐715). In community practices, 19% of patients with thyroid disease had cancer versus 45% in the academic setting (P <. 001). While academic sites manage more cancer patients, community sites are also surgically treating thyroid cancer and performed more procedures per cancer patient (4.2 vs 3.5, P <. 001). Vocal fold function was assessed by flexible laryngoscopy in 34.0% of preoperative patients and in 3.7% postoperatively.ConclusionThis is the first overview of malignant and benign thyroid disease through CHEER. It shows how the RDC can be used alone and with national guidelines to inform of clinical practice patterns in academic and community sites. This demonstrates the potential for future thyroid‐related studies utilizing the otolaryngology–head and neck surgery practice‐based research network.
Bridging the Otolaryngology Peer Review Knowledge Gap
Authors: Schmalbach Cecelia E. 
Published: July 2016

Current otolaryngology literature and future scientific direction rely heavily on a rigorous peer review process. Just as manuscripts warrant thoughtful review with constructive feedback to the authors, the same can be said for critiques written by novice peer reviewers. Formal scientific peer review training programs are lacking. Recognizing this knowledge gap, Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery is excited to offer its new Resident Reviewer Development Program. All otolaryngology residents who are postgraduate year 2 and above and in excellent academic standing are eligible to participate in this mentored program, during which they will conduct 6 manuscript reviews under the direction of a seasoned reviewer in his or her subspecialty area of interest. By completing reviews alongside a mentor, participants gain the required skills to master the peer review process—a first step that often leads to journal editorial board and associate editor invitations.
Trajectory of MS disease course for men and women over three eras
Authors: Hum Stanley , Lapierre Yves , Scott Susan C , Duquette Pierre , Mayo Nancy E 
Published: July 2016

Background: Heterogeneity in disease course exists within multiple sclerosis (MS) subtypes. Objective: The objective was to estimate disease course heterogeneity over three distinct onset periods (pre-1995, 1995–2004, and 2005–present) for men and women. Methods: Group-based trajectory model (GBTM) was used to estimate clusters of patients following stable or unstable disease progression trajectories based on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Inception cohorts were generated from the Montreal Neurological Institute MS Clinic registry. Stable trajectories were defined as an EDSS ⩽3.0 and change ⩽1 point over the study period. Annualized relapse rate (ARR) based on the first 5 years of disease was an explanatory variable. Results: Proportion of women classified as stable was 0% for pre-1995, 69.0% for 1995–2004, and 83.9% post-2005; for men, these proportions were 18.4%, 41.4%, and 53.8%, respectively. Men had lower percentage of stable disease than women in both post-1995 cohorts (chi-square p < 0.0001). ARR was associated with higher disability trajectories in both post-1995 cohort (odds ratios >1.0) but not in the pre-1995 cohort. Conclusion: Large proportions of patients remain stable at their initial disability level for at least 15 years. Higher ARR increases the odds of patients being in a higher disability trajectory in the latter cohorts.
The pragmatic clinical trial in a learning health care system
Authors: Lewis Roger J 
Published: July 2016

Background/aims A learning health care system ideally incorporates the ability to adapt to the pace of change, the incorporation of new clinical research paradigms, and leverages electronic health record systems and clinical decision support systems to narrow the divide between research and clinical practice. Methods An adaptive clinical trial can be embedded into the sites and practice of clinical care in a highly pragmatic way to simultaneously generate high-quality data on treatment efficacy and improve the care of patients. This approach can be expanded into a pragmatic platform trial, meaning a trial that is intended to evaluate multiple treatments for a disease or diseases, possibly in combination, and with the available treatments potentially changing over time. This strategy is illustrated using a trial currently being implemented in Europe and funded by the European Union, evaluating three different “domains” of treatments for patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia requiring intensive care. Results Simulation studies demonstrate that this approach has the potential to save lives while identifying the best treatment strategies for this critically ill population. Conclusion Patients are likely to benefit if we can merge clinical trials and decision support into a single continuous learning process.
Envisioning Public Sector Pathways: Gauteng as an Entrepreneurial Province in South Africa
Authors: Bbenkele Edwin , Madikiza L. 
Published: July 2016

This article, taken from the outlook report, propagates the idea of an entrepreneurial state in South Africa’s Gauteng province. The global economy is reeling from an aftermath of two global recessionary events: the 2008 financial crisis and, more recently, the 2016 Eurozone crisis, which was triggered by public sector debt in Greece. These events have thrust the role of the state into the forefront, as various economies in the world look to their governments to quell the consequences of economic pressures. As efforts mount to solve the issue of public sector debt, most notably in the Eurozone, this is also fuelling contemplations elsewhere on the need for governments to navigate with caution on their spending and operational ways so as to steer clear from the murky waters of indebtedness. If the inner workings of the South African nation state must be relooked or if there may even be drastic attempts to do major reconstructive surgery on how the state operates, then this report attempts to be a contribution to those petitions that would be concerned on reorienting the state. This article reviews the entrepreneurial approach needed to be adopted by government institutions to contribute to provincial and, ultimately, national development. Special recommendations are made on how the township economies can be operationalised by the Gauteng province being a ‘smart’ entrepreneurial state.
Analysis of the HLA-DR peptidome from human dendritic cells reveals high affinity repertoires and nonconventional pathways of peptide generation
Authors: Ciudad M Teresa , Sorvillo Nicoletta , van Alphen Floris P , Catalán Diego , Meijer Alexander B , Voorberg Jan , Jaraquemada Dolores 
Published: July 2016

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) are the major professional APCs of the immune system; however, their MHC-II–associated peptide repertoires have been hard to analyze, mostly because of their scarce presence in blood and tissues. In vitro matured human monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) are widely used as professional APCs in experimental systems. In this work, we have applied mass spectrometry to identify the HLA-DR–associated self-peptide repertoires from small numbers of mature MoDCs (∼5 × 106 cells), derived from 7 different donors. Repertoires of 9 different HLA-DR alleles were defined from analysis of 1319 peptides, showing the expected characteristics of MHC-II–associated peptides. Most peptides identified were predicted high binders for their respective allele, formed nested sets, and belonged to endo-lysosomal pathway-degraded proteins. Approximately 20% of the peptides were derived from cytosolic and nuclear proteins, a recurrent finding in HLA-DR peptide repertoires. Of interest, most of these peptides corresponded to single sequences, did not form nested sets, and were located at the C terminus of the parental protein, which suggested alternative processing. Analysis of cleavage patterns for terminal peptides predominantly showed aspartic acid before the cleavage site of both C- and N-terminal peptides and proline immediately after the cleavage site in C-terminal peptides. Proline was also frequent next to the cut sites of internal peptides. These data provide new insights into the Ag processing capabilities of DCs. The relevance of these processing pathways and their contribution to response to infection, tolerance induction, or autoimmunity deserve further analysis.
Ketamine as a rapid antidepressant: the debate and implications
Authors: Ho Roger C. M. , Zhang Melvyn W. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryKetamine, a synthetic derivative of phencyclidine, is a commonly misused party drug that is restricted in high-income countries because of its addictive potential. Ketamine is also used as an anaesthetic in human and veterinary medicine. In the 1990s, research using ketamine to study the pathophysiology of schizophrenia was terminated owing to ethical concerns. Recently, controversy surrounding the drug has returned, as researchers have demonstrated that intravenous ketamine infusion has a rapid antidepressant effect and have therefore proposed ketamine as a novel antidepressant. This article debates the question of ketamine as an antidepressant, considering the drug's addictive potential, ethical concerns about prescribing a hallucinogen, the evidence base and motives behind ketamine trials.
Statistical analysis: a practical guide for psychiatrists
Authors: Nikolaou Vasilis 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThis article is a practical guide for psychiatrists who want to apply basic and straightforward statistics in their research. It describes ways of summarising data and provides an overview of statistical tests for comparing patients' characteristics. Measures of association such as correlation and regression are also explained, along with principal components analysis, a method for reducing the dimensionality of data. Explanations are clarified using data from the published studies.
Stolen bicycles and exploited children: Italian cinema and its relation to the cinema of independent India (1947–1977)
Authors: Coen Carlo 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The years that follow the end of World War II mark a unique historical-political situation shared by India and Italy. The debate in both nations looks at cinematic neo-realism as the regenerating force capable of leading towards a renewed cultural life after the events of decolonization and partition on the one side, and the disasters of fascism and the destructions of the war on the other. Neo-realism is seen as the best possible choice for intellectuals and film-makers in both countries. The new role of the artist suggested by the works of Italian neo-realism (especially Bicycle Thieves [De Sica, 1948]) is perceived by Indian intellectuals as the right solution for the renewal. This article searches for references and stylistic echoes found in the complex body of Indian cinema. The methodological approach of the article, therefore, relies both on intertextuality and on the analysis of some writings where one finds reference to views and concepts on cinema clearly inspired by the strategies and the ideology of Italian neo-realism.
Pasolini and Third World hunger: An approach to Cinema Novo through La ricotta
Authors: Elduque Albert 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Among the links between Pier Paolo Pasolini and Brazilian Cinema Novo, one of the most inspiring is the political approach to hunger and consumption. In this text, I analyse this topic to look at how some of the aesthetic ideas in Pasolini’s La ricotta (1963) can also be found in some of the most important films of Cinema Novo. In La ricotta (1963), the irresistible need to eat of a subproletarian interacts and clashes with his responsibilities as an actor in a movie version of the Passion of Christ, so that the film creates a complex network of relations between film shooting, social differences, art, hunger, consumption, time and light, which turns the film set into a space for displaying political relations, differences, exploitation and revolution. The correspondences between these concepts and some aggression techniques of Cinema Novo are numerous and confirm the capacity of Pasolini’s film to project ideas on cinema and politics beyond its particular production context.
Theorizing liminal cinema: Unsettling the transnational spaces of Italian Indian co-productions
Authors: Acciari Monia 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This article seeks to provide a contribution to the contemporary writing on transnational cinema. By acknowledging the prolific literature that characterizes transnational cinema through specific categories of cultural and societal mobilization, and the writing on crossover cinema, this work aims to enter into a dialogue with the respective authors and propose a less structured approach to transnational mobilization. To study such mobilizations and its complex forms, co-production ventures were used as case studies to highlight the efforts of early international joint endeavours, and more recently, those of outsourcing agencies, as being nodes for changing forms of international collaborations. By focusing on Italian Indian co-produced films, this work situates co-production studies within the literature on transnational cinema, and unsettles fixed cinematic categories in favor of a more mobile and fluid paradigm. Hence, the term Liminal cinema is proposed to critically assess and emphasize the dynamics of the complex phenomenon of transnational cinema-in-motion.
Film Reviews
Authors: Annunziato Sarah , Cristiano Anthony , Benini Stefania , Benini Stefania 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Media Technology: What Makes it ‘Addictive’?, Anthony Cristiano (2015) Toronto: AC Films with the assistance of University of Toronto Libraries, 85:38 min.
Inside Buffalo, Fred Kudjo Kuwornu (2010) Italy and USA: FKK Filmz, 59 min.
A Self-Conscious Mise-En-Scène. 10 Short Films by Anthony Cristiano, Anthony Cristiano (2008) Halifax and Toronto: AC Films with the assistance of the National Film Board of Canada, AFCOOP, and Liaison of Independent Filmmakers of Toronto, 95 min.
A Minute Life with a Movie Camera (1–20), Anthony Cristiano (2014) Toronto: AC Films with the assistance of the Image Arts Centre at Ryerson University, 23:36 min.
Propuesta metodológica para la evaluación de portales infomediarios de recursos abiertos en instituciones de educación superior
Authors: Guerra González Jenny Teresita 
Published: July 2016

El objetivo de este artículo consiste en proponer una metodología para evaluar cualitativamente el diseño, desarrollo e implementación de portales infomediarios para la distribución y difusión eficiente de recursos en acceso abierto en instituciones de educación superior. Lo anterior considerando que estos espacios académicos producen actualmente cantidades importantes de materiales digitales. A partir de una revisión bibliográfica sobre evaluación de sitios web e infomediación, así como de un análisis descriptivo de la información obtenida tras la revisión, se propuso la Metodología para la Evaluación de Portales Infomediarios de Recursos Abiertos en Instituciones de Educación Superior.La metodología incluye seis indicadores: contenido, comunidad, viralidad, servicios, necesidad y gestión del conocimiento. Cada indicador se califica con una serie de criterios que permiten verificar su cumplimiento mediante una escala de evaluación sumaria que los evalúa en eficiente, parcialmente eficiente o ineficiente.
Das Basiskonto für Verbraucher
Authors: Artz Markus 
Published: July 2016

Zusammenfassung
Seit dem 19. 6. 2016 verfügen Verbraucher über einen Anspruch auf Eröffnung eines Basiskontos. Der folgende Beitrag stellt den unionsrechtlichen Hintergrund und die Systematik des neuen Zahlungskontengesetzes (ZKG) vor. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt dabei auf dem gesetzesgestützten Abschluss des Basiskontovertrags, der in vielen Fällen Kreditinstitute mit einem Kontrahierungszwang gegenüber dem Verbraucher belastet.
Kündigung von Bausparverträgen nach § 489 Abs. 1 Nr. 2 BGB
Authors: Freise Agnes , Bonke Jörg 
Published: July 2016

Zusammenfassung
Aufgrund der anhaltenden Niedrigzinsphase kündigen Bausparkassen derzeit Bausparverträge, die seit mindestens 10 Jahren zuteilungsreif sind. Die Bausparkassen stützen ihre Kündigungen auf § 489 Abs. 1 Nr. 2 BGB, wonach ein Darlehensnehmer das Darlehen 10 Jahre nach dessen vollständigem Empfang kündigen kann. Während das OLG Stuttgart in seinen Entscheidungen vom 30. 3. 2016 und 4. 5. 2016 ein Kündigungsrecht der Bausparkassen abgelehnt hat, erkennt die überwiegende Ansicht in der Rechtsprechung – zuletzt das OLG Hamm mit Urteilen vom 22. 6. 2016 – die Wirksamkeit der Kündigung von seit 10 Jahren zahlungsreifen Bausparverträgen an. Der folgende Beitrag zeigt die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen des Bausparens auf, beschreibt die Folgen der Niedrigzinsphase für das Bauspargeschäft und untersucht das Kündigungsrecht von Bausparkassen nach § 489 Abs. 1 Nr. 2 BGB unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der bausparrechtlichen Grundlagen und der aktuellen Rechtsprechung.
Family Perspectives on Whiteboard Use and Recommendations for Improved Practices
Authors: Cholli Preetam , Meyer Elaine C. , David Marguerite , Moonan Marilyn , Mahoney Judith , Hession-Laband Eileen , Zurakowski David , Bell Sigall K. 
Published: July 2016

OBJECTIVES:
To explore pediatric family perspectives and preferences regarding whiteboard use, as well as recommendations for using whiteboards as tools for patient-centered communication and care.

METHODS:
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 29 families in a pediatric urban academic hospital inpatient surgical service, exploring whiteboard experiences and suggestions. Parent responses were manually recorded during interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS:
Of all families, 66% reported using the whiteboard, and 52% were informed about it by staff. Among users, parents who were informed of the whiteboard used it actively (writing to share information) 6 times more often than those who used it passively (as a visual reference). Pictorial whiteboard analysis found that 42% of whiteboards had parent writing. Of these, 80% had contact information alone. Among reasons for whiteboard nonuse, 58% were modifiable, including not knowing about it, assuming it was intended for staff, believing no one would read it, or physical inaccessibility. Parents overwhelmingly identified nurses as whiteboard users (81%) compared with physicians (who families did not identify as users). The majority (76%) of families offered recommendations to improve whiteboard effectiveness.

CONCLUSIONS:
Of all families, approximately one-half were not informed about whiteboards and one-third did not use them. Reasons for nonuse were largely modifiable. Parents made aware of their whiteboard by their care teams demonstrated increased likelihood of active whiteboard use, highlighting the importance of education and suggesting a gap in harnessing the full potential of whiteboards as communication tools. Families’ recommendations can help inform whiteboard practices to strengthen communication and care.
Factores incidentes en el uso de métodos anticonceptivos en la población adolescente y adulta joven en Costa Rica
Authors: Sánchez-Retana Carmen , Leiva-Granados Rolando 
Published: July 2016

<strong>Objetivo:</strong> analizar los factores que inciden en el uso de métodos anticonceptivos de la población adolescente y adulta joven de Costa Rica (entre 15 y 35 años de edad). <strong>Métodos:</strong> Por medio de los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Juventud 2007 y la metodología basada en el Modelo Probit binario con corrección de sesgos de selección mediante Heckman, se modela la decisión de uso de anticonceptivos con base en diferentes características personales y socioeconómicas. <strong>Resultados:</strong> se muestra que la edad de la persona y la de la pareja, la estabilidad de la relación y pertenecer a la zona urbana son factores que disminuyen la probabilidad de uso de anticonceptivos. Por otro lado, ser mujer, tener educación universitaria, haber recibido información sobre anticonceptivos e infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS), la frecuencia de las relaciones y contar con una relación familiar de apoyo son factores que incrementan la posibilidad de protección mediante el uso de métodos anticonceptivos. <strong>Conclusiones:</strong> Estos resultados pueden ayudar en el diseño de políticas para prevenir el embarazo adolescente y la transmisión de ITS. Además, se resalta la importancia de brindar educación sexual tanto a los jóvenes como a sus familias más allá de incentivar la abstinencia, de manera que se motive a tener una vida sexual responsable.