bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baseline and Time‐Averaged Values Predicting Residual Renal Function Decline Rate in Japanese Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: Uchiyama Kiyotaka , Yanai Akane , Maeda Keizo , Ono Keisuke , Honda Kazuya , Tsujimoto Ryuji , Kamijo Yuka , Yanagi Mai , Ishibashi Yoshitaka 
Published: October 2017

AbstractResidual renal function (RRF) is a strong prognostic factor of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). We determined predictors of the RRF rate of decline using both baseline values and time‐averaged ones. We retrospectively analyzed 94 patients being treated with PD at the Japanese Red Cross Medical Center. The decline rate of RRF was calculated by a diminution in the weekly renal Kt/V between the first and last follow up divided by follow‐up years. The mean follow‐up period was 2.28 years, and the mean decline rate of weekly renal Kt/V was 0.25 per year. A multivariate analysis using baseline parameters identified dialysis‐to‐plasma ratios of creatinine at 4 h (P = 0.02), urinary protein (P = 0.02), and mean blood pressure (MBP) (P < 0.01) as being positively associated with the RRF rate of decline, while the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) had a negative correlation (P = 0.03). When using time‐averaged values as independent variables, a lower weekly total renal Kt/V (P < 0.0001), higher urinary protein (P < 0.0001), and higher MBP (P = 0.04) independently predicted a faster RRF rate of decline. We demonstrated that PD patients with a lower MBP and lower urinary protein both at baseline and throughout their PD duration had a slower RRF rate of decline. We recommend strict control of blood pressure and anti‐proteinuric therapy for PD patients.
‘One that was no Furtherer of this Devise’: (Manufactured?) Opposition to the ‘Monarchical Republic of Elizabeth I’
Authors: Chou Catherine 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHow might attention to the materiality of political communication alter our accounts of political history? Through a major archival discovery, this article upsets a central tenet of Elizabethan historiography: the claim that the political elite was united against the queen in embracing parliamentary and conciliar governance as a solution to the succession crisis that dominated her reign. Instead, by reconstructing the production and circulation of a previously‐unexamined set of manuscripts, this article reveals that the Elizabethan establishment was divided over both the advisability of adopting such measures in the event of the queen's untimely death, and the question of whether experimental parliaments and councils constituted a recurring motif in English and European history (or a radical departure from normative, legitimate modes of governance). Opponents of these schemes argued that they both expanded the political nation in dangerous ways (reducing the possibility for unanimity and cohesion) and arbitrarily limited the number of stakeholders and participants (leading to a potentially volatile accumulation of grievances). Even as the uncertainty of the Elizabethan succession question incentivised a vision of the English polity as quasi‐republican in nature, and thus able to withstand the vicissitudes of hereditary monarchy, the commentators featured in this article resisted the imputation that parliament and council were flexible templates rather than fixed institutions; and that political ideology should be shaped to fit historical contingency, instead of acting to limit the range of acceptable responses to dynastic and religious crisis.
The Address in Reply to the Speech from the Throne
Authors: Sainty J. C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article traces the evolution of the address in reply to the speech from the throne, from its origins in the early 18th century, showing how it developed from a device for bringing about a community of interest between government and parliament while at the same time providing a focal point for rallying the opposition. It describes how the address became an echo of the speech, often drafted at the same time as the speech itself. Its management involved a good deal of organisation. The terms of the address had to be drafted, the movers and seconders selected and the terms communicated to government supporters. The meetings arranged for this purpose gradually became less exclusive to the point where they were superseded by dinners given by the leaders of the two Houses. In the course of time they were mirrored by dinners given by the leaders of the opposition who eventually managed to secure copies of the speech, thus assisting them to formulate amendments to the address. In the 19th century the procedure for considering the address was reformed with a view to curtailing debate but without success. While the address may have lost something of its symbolic significance, the debates to which it gives rise remain significant features in the timetables of both Houses.
Are all dividends created equal? Australian evidence using dividend‐increase track records
Authors: Michayluk David , Neuhauser Karyn , Walker Scott 
Published: October 2017

AbstractRecent research indicates that the signal sent by a dividend change is more powerful for longer histories of unchanged dividends. We study the dividend history of Australian firms to investigate whether the signalling power of a dividend increase varies with the frequency of repetition. We find that the first three consecutive dividend increases are associated with significantly positive abnormal returns, and subsequent increases are generally not significant, even after controlling for the interaction effect with the simultaneously announced earnings information. Our results support the hypothesis that repeating a dividend increase eventually leads to a reputation for further increases and weakens the value of subsequent increases as a means of disseminating management's private information.
US Immigration Levels, Urban Housing Values, and their Implications for Capital Share
Authors: Murphy Ryan H. , Nowrasteh Alex 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article applies previously estimated effects of immigration on housing values to urban counties in the United States. Our findings here also help estimate how much of the increase in the net capital share of income since 1970 as observed by Piketty () is caused by immigration. We find that in most urban counties in the United States, increased levels of immigration have had a modest but non‐negligible effect on the level of real estate prices and, per Rognlie (), likely capital share. These estimates provide hard numbers for the public debate over immigration policy in the United States, with implications elsewhere as well.
Indirect Convertibility, Equity‐Based Banking and Financial Stability
Authors: Cronin David 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBanking reform proposals put forward in the wake of the recent financial crisis maintain that equity‐based banking would be stable and would prevent bank runs. This article argues that complementing this form of banking with an indirect convertibility monetary standard and thereby dispensing with base money would enhance financial stability further. Banks would not hold a distinctive asset (base money) that would be called upon by customers at short notice, thereby removing the possibility of bank runs. No discrepancy in value between the two sides of a bank's balance sheet would arise as its assets (securitised loans) would be marked to market. Unlike other recent contributions, the intermediation model outlined here is not ‘limited purpose’ in nature as banks would not be restricted in the form of lending activity they can pursue. Common sources of banking and financial instability – liquidity risk, solvency risk, moral hazard – would be absent.
Expert finding by the Dempster‐Shafer theory for evidence combination
Authors: Torkzadeh Mahani Nafiseh , Dehghani Mostafa , Mirian Maryam S. , Shakery Azadeh , Taheri Khalil 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe expertise of human experts can be formally extracted from their written documents, research projects, and everyday activities. The process whereby experts are recognized according to their activities is called expert finding. In this paper, we propose an approach to identify the experts in a given field according to the content of 3 easily accessible sources of information: (a) “Publications,” (b) “Social interactions,” and (c) “Scientometric information.” We employed the Dempster‐Shafer theory to combine the results obtained from individual sources to find a final unified ranking. In Digital Bibliography & Library Project standard data, it is shown that the Dempster‐Shafer combination creates a desired synergy between 2 bodies of knowledge, which improves the precision of the top‐ranked results.
Evaluation and selection of medical tourism sites: A rough analytic hierarchy process based multi‐attributive border approximation area comparison approach
Authors: Roy Jagannath , Chatterjee Kajal , Bandyopadhyay Abhirup , Kar Samarjit 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a novel Multiple Criteria Decision Making methodology for assessing and prioritizing medical tourism destinations under uncertainty. A systematic evaluation and assessment approach is proposed by incorporating analytic hierarchy process and multi‐attributive border approximation area comparison methods in the rough environment. Rough number is used to aggregate individual judgements of decision makers and express their true perception to handle vagueness without any prior information. Rough analytic hierarchy process analyses the relative importance of criteria based on their preferences given by experts, whereas rough multi‐attributive border approximation area comparison evaluates the alternative sites based on the criteria weights. A case study of prioritizing different sites (cities) in India for medical tourism services is shown to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method. Among different criteria “quality of infrastructure of healthcare institutions” is observed to be the most important criteria in our analysis, followed by “supply of skilled human resources and new job creations” and “Chennai” is found to be the best medical tourism site in India. Finally, a comparative analysis and validity testing of the proposed method are elaborated, and the methodology provides a standard for select medical tourism sites on the basis of different criteria.
Nonlinear mode III crack stress fields for materials obeying a modified Ramberg‐Osgood law
Authors: Zappalorto M. , Maragoni L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this paper, an analytical study is carried out on the work‐hardening, elastic‐plastic stress distributions in a cracked body under antiplane shear deformation. A modified Ramberg‐Osgood law is introduced to describe the material behaviour, and stress and strain fields are derived in closed form. Compared with the conventional Ramberg‐Osgood formulation, the new law includes the effect of a new parameter, κ, which allows the transition from the ideally elastic behaviour (low stress regime) to the power law behaviour (large stress regime) to be controlled, thus providing 1 more degree of freedom to better fit the actual behaviour of engineering materials. A discussion is carried out on the features of stresses and strains close to and far away from the crack tip.
Experimental precipitation of apatite pseudofossils resembling fossil embryos
Authors: Crosby C. H. , Bailey J. V. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCertain phosphatic grains preserved in the rock record are interpreted as microfossils representing a diversity of microorganisms from bacteria to fossil embryos. In addition to bona fide primary biological features, phosphatic microfossils and fossil embryos commonly exhibit features that result from abiotic precipitation or diagenetic alteration. Distinguishing between abiotic and primary biological features can be difficult, and some features thought to represent biological tissue could instead be artifacts that are unrelated to the original morphology of a preserved organism. Here, we present experimentally generated, abiotically produced mineral precipitates that morphologically resemble biologically produced features, some of which may be observed in the rock record or noted in extant organisms, including embryos. These findings extend the diversity of biomorphic features known to result from abiotic precipitation.
Common correlated effects and international risk sharing
Authors: Fuleky Peter , Ventura Luigi , Zhao Qianxue 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCorrect assessment of consumption risk and its international diversification has important policy implications. However, existing studies of international risk sharing rely on the unrealistic assumptions that all economies are characterized by symmetric preferences and uniform transmission of global shocks. We relax these homogeneity constraints and compare our proposed approach with the conventional ones using a 44‐year panel of 120 countries. Our results confirm that consumption is only partially smoothed internationally and risk sharing is directly related to the level of development, but we do not detect a significant increase in risk sharing during the surge in financial globalization over the last four decades.
Rebamipide alleviates radiation‐induced colitis through improvement of goblet cell differentiation in mice
Authors: Jang Hyosun , Park Sunhoo , Lee Janet , Myung Jae kyung , Jang Won‐Suk , Lee Sun‐Joo , Myung Hyunwook , Lee Changsun , Kim Hyewon , Lee Seung‐Sook , Jin Young‐Woo , Shim Sehwan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackground and AimRadiation‐induced colitis is a common clinical problem associated with radiotherapy and accidental exposure to ionizing radiation. Goblet cells play a pivotal role in the intestinal barrier against pathogenic bacteria. Rebamipide, an anti‐gastric ulcer drug, has the effects to promote goblet cell proliferation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether radiation‐induced colonic injury could be alleviated by rebamipide.MethodsThis study orally administered rebamipide for 6 days to mice, which were subjected to 13 Gy abdominal irradiation, to evaluate the therapeutic effects of rebamipide against radiation‐induced colitis. To confirm the effects of rebamipide on irradiated colonic epithelial cells, this study used the HT29 cell line.ResultsRebamipide clearly alleviated the acute radiation‐induced colitis, as reflected by the histopathological data, and significantly increased the number of goblet cells. The drug also inhibited intestinal inflammation and protected from bacterial translocation during acute radiation‐induced colitis. Furthermore, rebamipide significantly increased mucin 2 expression in both the irradiated mouse colon and human colonic epithelial cells. Additionally, rebamipide accelerated not only the recovery of defective tight junctions but also the differentiation of impaired goblet cells in an irradiated colonic epithelium, which indicates that rebamipide has beneficial effects on the colon.ConclusionsRebamipide is a therapeutic candidate for radiation‐induced colitis, owing to its ability to inhibit inflammation and protect the colonic epithelial barrier.
Insurers and Lenders as Monitors During Securities Litigation: Evidence from D&O Insurance Premiums, Interest Rates, and Litigation Costs
Authors: Donelson Dain C. , Yust Christopher G. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study examines whether directors’ and officers’ insurers and lenders effectively monitor securities litigation and respond through pricing before case outcomes are known. By “monitoring,” we refer to tracking case progress and obtaining information from the insured (defendant) firm and its counsel prior to case resolution. We find that insurers and lenders increase rates, and that this effect is almost completely isolated to firms with cases that eventually settle. We confirm that this response is reasonable as settled cases are associated with lower future earnings, while there is generally no relation between future earnings and dismissed cases. As direct costs appear low, our results suggest that most costs are indirect in the form of reputational damage. Overall, our results suggest that researchers and policymakers interested in litigation should focus on settled cases, which are the only cases with material long‐term costs.
Complications following laryngeal sacculectomy in brachycephalic dogs
Authors: Hughes J. R. , Kaye B. M. , Beswick A. R. , Ter Haar G. 
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of sacculectomy on the immediate postoperative complication rate in dogs affected with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome.Materials and MethodsRetrospective review of clinical records of brachycephalic dogs with everted saccules that underwent surgery for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome between 2009 and 2014. Dogs were grouped as those having nares resection and staphylectomy only and those having nares resection, staphylectomy and laryngeal sacculectomy. Complications were scored as mild, moderate or severe.ResultsIn total, 37 dogs were included in the sacculectomy group and 44 in the comparator group. Dogs that had undergone sacculectomy were more likely to develop postoperative complications, with 18 of 37 developing complications, nine of which were moderate to severe. In the group without sacculectomy, nine of 44 dogs developed complications, of which one was severe. Different breed distribution between groups might also impact this outcome.Clinical SignificanceThe results suggest that sacculectomy might increase morbidity following brachycephalic airway surgery, but repeat studies are required to confirm this result. Further information is also required to determine whether the short‐term risks of sacculectomy are outweighed by superior long‐term functional outcome.
Motivational orientations and performance in penalty throws during elite male team handball games
Authors: Debanne T. , Laffaye G. , Trouilloud D. 
Published: October 2017

This study is based on Regulatory Focus Theory and investigates the links between the subjects' motivational orientations for promotion or prevention and their performance in handball penalty throws. In a real‐world setting with high stakes, we analyzed 327 penalties taken from 68 closed games. The results of the 7‐meter throws constitute the dependent variable (Goal vs Miss). The independent variables are the situational focus ([critical moment (ie, final minute) = pressure] vs [non‐critical moment = no pressure]), the reward structure (ie, [thrower's team is behind = losses reward structure] vs [thrower's team is ahead or teams are tied = gains reward structure), and the game location (home vs away). Using logistic regression analysis, the results show that when there is a fit between the situational focus and the reward structure, the thrower's performance is higher than when there is a mismatch (OR = 2.21; P = .004). In the same way, the thrower's performance is higher when there is high fit between the situational focus and the reward structure (OR = 1.78), than when there is a high mismatch (OR = 0.54). These results globally support the Regulatory Fit Theory in an ecological context.
Experimental evaluation of the interaction between a masonry infill wall and the surrounding frame
Authors: Brodsky A. , Rabinovitch O. , Yankelevsky D. Z. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper studies the interaction effects between a masonry infill wall and its surrounding frame. A new experimental technique is developed aiming at evaluating the loading dependent interaction effects. This includes the stage where the infill wall accumulates severe damage and cracking that are difficult to monitor with conventional devices (strain gauges and displacement transducers) or optical techniques such as digital image correlation (DIC). The experimental concept is based on detection of strains along the surrounding frame, their conversion into stress resultants, and the translation of the latter into interfacial contact tractions. It also aims at identifying the regions of contact and detachment between the frame and the infill wall and their changes during the loading path. A large‐scale experimental setup that realises the concept and demonstrates its ability to provide important new information is constructed. A complementary DIC analysis that serves as reference for the above monitoring system is also conducted. This experimental setup with its complementing combination of sensing methods allows measuring the infill wall‐frame interaction effects in a case of horizontal loading that simulates lateral seismic loads, as well as vertical loading that simulated a mechanism of progressive collapse triggered by failure of a supporting column. The paper presents the experimental concept and its implementation in the large‐scale experimental setup and explores its capabilities. Emphasis is given to the interaction effects in the deep non‐linear region where optical monitoring is adversely affected by the developing damage. The proposed experimental technique is found to be very effective and provides new information regarding the interaction of the infill wall with the surrounding frame. It is demonstrated by an experimental study simulating the loss of a frame supporting column thus enhancing the understanding of the infill wall role in the frame resistance and its contribution to avoid progressive collapse.
Estimating Two Parameters From Two Complementary Transient Experiments
Authors: McMasters Robert L. , de Monte Filippo , Beck James V. 
Published: October 2017

A desirable feature of any parameter estimation method is to obtain as much information as possible with one experiment. However, achieving multiple objectives with one experiment is often not possible. In the field of thermal parameter estimation, a determination of thermal conductivity, volumetric heat capacity, heat addition rate, surface emissivity and convection coefficient may be desired from a set of temperature measurements in an experiment where a radiant heat source is used. It would not be possible to determine all of these parameters from such an experiment; more information would be needed.
The work presented in the present research shows how thermal parameters can be determined from temperature measurements using complementary experiments where the same material is tested more than once using a different geometry or heating configuration in each experiment. The method of ordinary least squares is used in order to fit a mathematical model to a temperature history in each case. Several examples are provided using one-dimensional conduction experiments, with some having a planar geometry and some having a cylindrical geometry. The parameters of interest in these examples are thermal conductivity and volumetric heat capacity. Both of these parameters cannot be determined simultaneously from one experiment but the practice of using two complementary experiments allows each of the parameters to be determined.
An examination of confidence regions is an important topic in parameter estimation and this aspect of the procedure is addressed in the present work. A method is presented as part of the current research by which confidence regions can be found for results from a single analysis of multiple experiments.