bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfluorohexyloctane Endotamponade for Treatment of Subfoveal Hemorrhage
Authors: Jonas J.B. , Jäger M. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report on the use of perfluorohexyloctane as a heavy liquid to temporarily tamponade the fovea for the prevention of recurrent massive subfoveal hemorrhage in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). Methods The case series comprised seven patients with acute massive subfoveal hemorrhage due to exudative ARMD. The patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy, drainage of the subretinal blood, and foveal endotamponade with perfluorohexyloctane. The perfluorohexyloctane was removed 80.4 ± 38.1 days (median 98 days; range 22–118 days) after the primary surgery in a second pars plana intervention. Results In six patients (85.7%) the subretinal hemorrhage removed during the first pars plana vitrectomy did not recur after removal of perfluorohexyloctane. In the seventh, however, a subretinal hemorrhage re-developed five days after release of perfluorohexyloctane. No large epiretinal membranes were observed. In six eyes (85.7%), the retina remained attached after removal of perfluorohexyloctane but in one eye proliferative vitreoretinopathy developed, with central retinal detachment. After the first pars plana vitrectomy, visual acuity increased slightly but not significantly (p=0.25), from 0.03 ± 0.03 to 0.05 ± 0.07. Intraocular pressure rose from 15.0 ± 1.9 mm Hg to 24.9 ± 16.9 mm Hg. After a follow-up of 69.7 ± 121.0 days after removal of the perfluorohexyloctane, final visual acuity was 0.02 ± 0.04. Conclusions Perfluorohexyloctane may be a useful additional tool for preventing the recurrence of subfoveal re-bleeding in exudative ARMD.
Multicenter Evaluation of Tendency-Oriented Perimetry (TOP) Using the G1 Grid
Authors: Gonzáles de la Rosa M. , Morales J. , Dannheim F. , Papst E. , Papst N. , Seiler T. , Matsumoto C. , Lachkar Y. , Mermoud A. , Prünte C. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose The G1-TOP program is a short automated perimetric strategy which sub-divides the G1 grid of 59 points into four sub-grids. Each point is tested only once, but each patient's response is used to modify that particular point and the surrounding ones from the remaining sub-grids. This study compared the results of the G1-TOP program with the Standard Bracketing strategy. Methods Eleven participating institutions provided data from 213 patients (406 eyes). The main group consisted of 284 glaucomas and 55 glaucoma suspects. Other groups included 31 eyes with neurological disorders, 20 with chorioretinal lesions and 16 normal eyes. Mean age was 62.7 ± 15.4 (range 14–88) years. All subjects had previous perimetric experience and visual acuity better than 0.5. Examination included G1-Standard Bracketing and G1-TOP testing, in interchangeable order, with the Octopus 1-2-3 perimeter. Results The correlation coefficient for mean defect (MD) was 0.95. Standard error (YX) for MD, square root of loss variance (LV) and individual thresholds were 1.86 dB, 1.29 dB, and 4.72 dB, respectively. Mean sensitivity values were similar (difference 0.04 ± 1.87 dB) (p>0.05). Mean duration for G1-TOP was 2.19 ± 0.26 min, while G1-Standard Bracketing took 11.51 ± 1.52 min (ratio 1/5.1, or a net reduction of 80.4%). The sensitivity of G1-TOP versus G1-Standard Bracketing was: glaucoma 77.1/78.5, glaucoma suspects 38.2/47.3, neurological disorders 87.1/87.1 and chorioretinal lesions 80.0/85.0. Conclusions The G1-TOP program gave very similar results to G1-Standard Bracketing in only 20% of the time required by the standard strategy.
Implantation of a Black Diaphragm Intraocular Lens in Ten Cases of Post-Traumatic Aniridia
Authors: Beltrame G. , Salvetat M.L. , Chizzolini M. , Driussi G.B. , Busatto P. , Di Giorgio G. , Barosco F. , Scuderi B. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To retrospectively review the safety and efficacy of black-diaphragm intraocular lenses (IOL) implanted for the treatment of post-traumatic aniridia. Methods Ten patients (mean age 48 years, range 21–75) were implanted with a black-diaphragm posterior chamber IOL (Morcher GmbH, model 67F) for correction of post-traumatic aniridia associated with cataract or aphakia. This IOL, in poly(methylmethacrylate), consists of an opaque diaphragm surrounding the transparent optic, and was inserted through a 10-mm scleral tunnel (seven eyes) or through the corneal trephination in cases of simultaneous penetrating keratoplasty (three eyes), and in-the-sulcus implanted, transsclerally sutured (six eyes) or on capsular support (four eyes). Mean follow-up was 33.4 months (range 12–52). Results Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved in eight eyes and remained unchanged in two. Glare and photophobia decreased in all patients. Intraoperatively, ciliary sulcus bleeding occurred in two cases and haptic rupture during lens insertion in one. Postoperatively, persistent intraocular inflammation was seen in four eyes, secondary glaucoma in four eyes, transient hyphema and/or hemovitreous in four, IOL decentration in two, and post-traumatic haptic detachment in one eye. Conclusions Although in our experience the haptics still seem weak and the diaphragm diameter too large, implantation of the black-diaphragm IOL type 67 F appeared sufficiently safe and provided satisfactory functional results for correction of post-traumatic aniridia combined with cataract or aphakia, improving BCVA and reducing glare and photophobia in most patients, though clearly more cases and longer follow-up are needed to assess its clinical performance properly.
Corneal Neovascularization Possibly Associated with Latanoprost Therapy
Authors: Orhan M. , Kerimoğlu H. , Irkeç M. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report a case of corneal neovascularization possibly associated with latanoprost therapy. Methods Case report: A 67-year-old man developed a progressive stromal corneal neovascularization in his right eye within eight months of a corneal trauma. At admission, he was receiving latanoprost 0.005% therapy. His topical medications were rearranged: latanoprost was replaced with carteolol hydrochloride 1% twice daily bilaterally and prednisolone acetate 1% was added twice daily in the right eye. Results One month later, he presented regression of the corneal neovascularization and an increase in visual acuity. Conclusions Latanoprost, an arachidonic acid derivative, could have directly or indirectly stimulated the corneal neovascularization in this patient with a history of nonpenetrating corneal trauma.
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Acute Retinal Necrosis in an Immunocompetent Patient
Authors: Miserocchi E. , Modorati G. , Azzolini C. , Foster C.S. , Brancato R. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report a case of acute retinal necrosis caused by herpes simplex virus 2 in an otherwise healthy patient. Case Report A 45-year-old man presented with one month's history of decreased vision in the right eye. He had previously received a course of intravenous gancyclovir because of a clinical suspicion of cytomegalovirus retinitis. The patient's ocular history was remarkable for a similar episode in the left eye thirty years earlier, resulting in important visual impairment. System and laboratory investigations were unremarkable. Ocular examination showed severe anterior granulomatous uveitis, vitreous haze, areas of necrosis and retinal exudates. The anterior chamber tap disclosed the presence of HSV type 2, and oral steroids and acyclovir were instituted. Two weeks after the patient had been discharged, a retinal detachment occurred in the right eye, necessitating surgical repair. The presence of HSV type 2 was confirmed in the vitreous. Visual acuity recovered completely after surgery and the patient was placed on a maintenance dose of oral acyclovir. Conclusions HSV type 2 is a rare cause of acute retinal necrosis in healthy patients. Bilateral involvement can occur in the fellow eye, even with a long delay. Acute retinal necrosis is a severe ocular inflammatory syndrome associated with a very poor visual outcome. It is caused by VZV, HSV type 1 and, less commonly, by HSV type 2. The disease can affect healthy patients and cause bilateral involvement in the fellow eye, even with a long delay..
Perfluorohexyloctane Endotamponade for Treatment of Persisting Macular Hole
Authors: Jonas J.B. , Jäger M. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report the use of perfluorohexyloctane to endotamponade a persisting macular hole. Methods A 62-year-old patient presented with persisting stage IV macular hole, after uncomplicated, but unsuccessful, pars plana vitrectomy with peeling of the inner limiting membrane of the retina for treatment of the disorder. A second pars plana vitrectomy was performed in combination with cataract surgery, using perfluorohexyloctane as a new heavyweight ocular endotamponading agent. No additional membrane peeling was done. Results Four weeks later, marked emulsification of the perfluorohexyloctane and pronounced opacification of the posterior lens capsule were observed. After removal of the perfluorohexyloctane ten weeks after instillation, the macular hole was closed, and visual acuity increased from 0.1 to 0.3. The whole retinal surface was covered with a whitish amorphous membranous layer, that could partially be sucked off. After another four weeks, the membrane had mostly disappeared, and visual acuity increased to 0.5. Conclusions Perfluorohexyloctane merits further evaluation for ocular endotamponade in patients with persisting macular holes. Formation of epiretinal membranes needs to be thoroughly investigated.
Factors Influencing Visual Outcome after Penetrating Keratoplasty Combined with Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Jonas J.B. , Rank R.M. , Budde W.M. , Sauder G. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To establish which factors influence visual outcome after penetrating keratoplasty combined with intraocular lens implantation. Methods This retrospective noncomparative clinical interventional case series study included 135 consecutive patients (mean age 70.2 ± 13.6 years) who underwent central penetrating allogenic keratoplasty combined with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, all operated by the same surgeon. There were 79 triple procedures, 33 keratoplasties combined with an exchange of IOL, and 23 penetrating keratoplasties combined with a secondary implantation of a posterior chamber lens. Mean follow-up was 28.3 ± 18.7 months (range 3.3–112 months). Reasons for keratoplasty were herpetic or traumatic corneal scars or defects (46), Fuchs corneal endothelial dystrophy (22), pseudophakic or aphakic bullous keratopathy (49), corneal endothelial decompensation due to other reasons (15), and keratoconus (3). Main outcome measures were postoperative visual acuity and gain in visual acuity. Results Mean postoperative visual acuity and mean gain in visual acuity were 0.33 ± 0.21 (median 0.30) and 0.25 ± 0.20 (median 0.20), respectively. Compared with the preoperative measurements, mean visual acuity increased in 129 patients (129/135, 95.6%). Factors influencing postoperative visual outcome and gain in visual acuity were preoperative visual acuity (p<0.005), reason for keratoplasty (p<0.005), and diameter of the graft (p = 0.046). Postoperative visual outcome was independent of age, sex, right or left eye, presence of diabetes mellitus, preoperative refractive error, length of follow-up, duration of surgery, and preoperative intraocular pressure. Conclusions The most important factors influencing visual outcome after central penetrating allogenic keratoplasty combined with IOL surgery are preoperative visual acuity, graft size, and reason for keratoplasty. Other factors such as age, sex, diabetes mellitus, and preoperative refractive error do not substantially influence postoperative visual outcome.
The Effects of Some Antibiotics on Sheep Lens Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in Vitro
Authors: Beydemir Ş. , Kulaçoğlu D.N. , Çiftçi M. , Küfrevioğlu Ö.I. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To investigate the in vitro effects of gentamicin sulfate, vancomycin hydrochloride, sodium cefazolin and ceftriaxone on glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme (G6PD) purified from sheep lenses. Methods G6PD was purified from sheep lenses with a yield of 66.8% and a specific activity of 7.8 U/mg proteins, and 10,400-fold using ammonium sulfate fractionation and 2′,5′-ADP Sepharose 4B affinity gel. The enzyme activity was determined by Beutler's method. Results Gentamicin sulfate and vancomycin hydrochloride strongly inhibited the enzyme in vitro. The concentrations causing 50% inhibition (IC50) were 15.34, and 8.0 mM, respectively. Conversely, cefazolin sodium strongly activated this enzyme, and ceftriaxone caused milder activation. Conclusions If a patient with G6PD deficiency requires gentamicin sulfate or vancomycin hydrochloride, routine ophthalmic did not inhibit this enzyme. Postmortem studies are now needed to investigate the activity of G6PD and how it is affected by these antibiotics.
Cystoid Macular Edema Associated with Latanoprost Therapy in a Pseudophakic Vitrectomized Patient after Removal of Silicone Oil Endotamponade
Authors: Jäger M. , Jonas J.B. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To describe the occurrence of cystoid macular edema in a pseudophakic vitrectomized patient following use of latanoprost (0.005%). Methods A 58-year-old patient underwent routine cataract surgery with posterior chamber lens implantation complicated by rhegmatogenous retinal detachment three months later. A pars plana vitrectomy was performed with silicone oil endotamponade which was removed six months later. Five months after oil removal, the patient presented with secondary open-angle glaucoma treated with latanoprost 0.005% eye drops once daily. Results Two weeks after initiation of latanoprost treatment, visual acuity dropped from 0.8 to 0.3 due to cystoid macular edema confirmed by fluorescein angiography. After discontinuing latanoprost therapy and with topical corticosteroid treatment, cystoid macular edema slowly resolved, and within 6 months, visual acuity improved to 0.8. Conclusions Despite its marked ocular hypotensive effect, latanoprost should be carefully used in patients after uncomplicated cataract surgery if the vitreous body was removed by pars piana vitrectomy.
Correlation between Confocal Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy and Scanning Laser Polarimetry in Open Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Sihota R. , Gulati V. , Saxena R. , Agarwal H.C. , Sharma A.K. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To correlate the findings of confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and scanning laser polarimetry in diagnosed cases of glaucoma with established visual field defects. Methods A total of 53 diagnosed cases of primary open angle glaucoma that had at least two recorded of IOP more than 21 mm Hg on Goldmann applanation tonometry, open angles on gonioscopy and glaucomatous visual field defects on automated perimetry, were examined by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (HRT-II) and scanning laser polarimetry (GDx-NFA), in random order. Results The number on GDx advanced analysis had a significant (p<0.05) correlation with the rim area (r=–0.279; p=0.043), cup area (r=0.311;p=0.023) and the vertical cup: disc ratio (r= 0.376; p=0.006). The correlation between HRT-II stereometric parameters and GDx advanced analysis parameters was significant (p<0.05) for more parameters targeting the inferior pole of the disc than the superior pole. Numerically, the worst values of GDx parameters were associated with a worse result on Moorfields regression analysis, but there was poor agreement between the diagnostic labels like within or outside normal limits as obtained on GDx and HRT-II. Conclusions Nerve fiber loss as detected on GDx correlates well with topographic optic nerve head changes as measured with the HRT-II. However, automated diagnosis on the two machines showed poor agreement.
Modified Astigmatism Dial Diagram for Locating Eccentric Fixation in Patients with Central Scotoma
Authors: Cohen S.Y. , Beaunoir M-P. , Legargasson J-F. , Martin D. , Tadayoni R. , Gaudric A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose Patients with central scotoma often develop eccentric fixation on a preferred retinal locus (PRL). Identifying the PRL is one of the first steps in low vision rehabilitation training. We present our evaluation of a simple test designed to locate the eccentric fixation in eyes with central scotoma. Methods This was a prospective case series of consecutive patients with age-related macular degeneration and bilateral central scotoma. A numeral was added in the center of an astigmatism dial diagram. After one eye was patched, patients with central scotoma were asked to fixate the dial and describe it, then to look at the 12 o'clock position, and then around the clock. The eccentricity at which the central numeral was best seen was compared with the one determined by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO). The modified astigmatism dial test and SLO were done independently by two masked investigators. The results of the two methods were expressed in clock hour positions and were considered to be in agreement when they did not differ by more than one hour. Results Nine consecutive patients (18 eyes) with severe age-related macular degeneration and bilateral central scotoma were tested. The six women and three men ranged in age from 61 to 86 years (mean 75.8 years). The pattern test correlated with SLO findings in 12 (66%) of the 18 eyes. When considering the best-seeing eye of each patient, results showed agreement in eight (88%) out of nine cases. Conclusions The modified astigmatism dial test appears useful for establishing the location of the eccentric fixation in the best-seeing eye of patients with bilateral central scotoma, allowing visual rehabilitation training to be started without delay.
Delay in Migration of the Corneal Epithelium after Incorporation of [3H]-Mannose in Organ Cultures
Authors: Ahmed A. , Ahmed N. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose Corneal epithelial cell surface carbohydrate moieties influence migration during wound healing. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the incorporation of galactose and mannose sugar during corneal epithelial migration and their effect on the rate of wound healing. Methods Organ cultures of non-migrating (n=6) and migrating (n=30) corneal epithelia were prepared. The incorporation of [3H]-galactose and [3H]-mannose was followed in the migrating samples after 18, 24, 48 and 72h incubation and at 18h in the non-migrating samples. Wound size was documented at the same intervals and the rate of healing was established. Results The migrating corneal epithelium of the galactose and mannose treated samples incorporated more radioactive sugar than the non-migrating samples. Mannose incorporation decreased with time whereas the rate of healing was significantly delayed (41±0.01 μm/h) compared to galactose treated samples (63±0.01 μm/h) and controls (61±0.01 μm/h) during the active healing phase (18–48h). Galactose incorporation increased with time. Conclusions Incorporation of mannose sugar has an inhibitory effect on the rate of migration during the linear healing phase of the corneal epithelium.
Ophthalmologic Follow-Up of Premature Twins and Triplets
Authors: Tomazzoli L. , Renzi G. , Mansoldo C. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To assess the influence of multiple gestation on the visual apparatus and on the general state of health of premature infants and to investigate the condition of the twin or triplet with the lowest birth weight compared to multiple gestation siblings. Methods Seventy-seven premature twins or triplets (8 to 54 months of age) were monitored at the Verona University Ophthalmology Department from November 1995 to November 1999. In another 12 subjects (younger than 8 months), only the neonatal disease records were examined; these subjects were excluded from the ophthalmologic follow-up because they were too young to be tested reliably. The study sample was compared with 120 premature singletons monitored from January 1996 to March 1998. Visual acuity, ocular motility, strabismus, refraction defects, dioptric media, and fundus oculi were assessed. Results The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity, refraction defects, or strabismus was not significantly different between premature twins or triplets and premature singletons. The twin or triplet with the lowest birth weight was more frequently affected by eye morbidity and the diseases typical of prematurity. This difference, however, was not statistically significant. Conclusions Premature infants are at a disadvantage compared to those born at term, irrespective of multiple birth status; multiple gestation adds no risk beyond that due to prematurity.
Treatment of Keratoconus by Toric Foldable Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Sauder G. , Jonas J.B. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report on the correction of marked regular corneal astigmatism due to keratoconus by toric intraocular lenses (IOL). Setting University eye hospital. Methods A 66-year-old woman presented with cataract and unilateral keratoconus (keratometric readings: 50.2/41.3 diopters [D]). She underwent routine cataract surgery with implantation of a foldable posterior chamber toric IOL (refractive power: +10.0 D sphere/+12.0 D cylinder). A 68-year-old surgically aphakic woman presented with peripheral accentuated keratoconus with regular and stable corneal astigmatism (keratometric readings: 39.75/61.5 D). She underwent secondary implantation of a foldable toric IOL (refractive power: –9.0 D sphere/+30.0 D cylinder) into the ciliary sulcus. Results After a follow-up period of 4 months, visual acuity increased to 0.70 with a correction of +0.75 sphere –2.5 cylinder/84° in Patient 1; after a follow-up period of 6 months, visual acuity increased to 0.60 with a correction of +1.0 –2.0/90° in Patient 2. Conclusions Foldable toric silicone IOL may be a surgical option in the management of regular marked corneal astigmatism caused by keratoconus.
Multinucleated Giant Cells in Periretinal Silicone Granulomas are Associated with Progressive Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy
Authors: Betis F. , Leguay J.M. , Gastaud P. , Hofman P. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To determine the histologic features of granulomatous reactions in persilicone periretinal proliferation. Patients and Methods This retrospective study included 12 patients with recurrent retinal detachment and persilicone granulomatous proliferation after vitrectomy for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). All patients underwent reoperation for membrane surgery. Immunohistochemical study of the excised periretinal membranes was performed with cytokeratins, GFAP, vimentin, CD68, CD45, and lysozyme antibodies. Results The cellular characteristics of periretinal granulomas allow differentiation of two types of tissue. Spongy tissue (nine cases) showed an accumulation of mature vacuolated macrophages that contained silicone without multinucleated giant cells (MGC). The second type (three cases) consisted of an accumulation of sparsely vacuolated macrophages, epithelioid cells, and MGC. The MGC corresponded to transition forms of foreign body giant cells (FBGC). Spongy tissue was associated with anatomic success (58.3% of cases) and with stabilized PVR (66.7% of cases) at the time of the membrane surgery. MGC were associated with prolonged silicone oil tamponade, recurrent retinal detachment, and progressive PVR. Conclusions Intraocular silicone oil can lead to periretinal foreign body granulomas. FBGC are occasionally observed and were associated with progressive PVR.