bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Gold‐Catalyzed Hydroarylation of Alkynes with Electron‐Rich Heteroarenes – A Kinetic Investigation and New Synthetic Possibilities
Authors: Schießl Jasmin , Rudolph Matthias , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe gold‐catalyzed mono‐hydroarylation and two‐fold hydroarylation of alkynes with electron‐rich heteroarenes was analyzed by a 1H NMR kinetic study. The obtained rate constants for the decreasing alkyne concentration provide information on the reactivity of this addition reaction. The examinations show the orthogonal reactivity of gold and a proton for the two reaction steps. The first hydroarylation is exclusively promoted by gold(I), whereas the second step is premised on a proton which will be reversibly derived from the formation of σ,π‐acetylide complexes from the terminal alkynes or by interaction with solvents. Based on kinetic data, it was possible to synthesize a large range of mono‐adducts in moderate to good yields, furthermore the synthesis of hetero‐di‐adducts, bearing two different substituents, was explored.magnified image
Low‐price guarantees as advertisement strategy and compensation policy: The more, the better?
Authors: Haesevoets Tessa , Van Hiel Alain , Onraet Emma , Joosten Anne , De Cremer David 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCompanies sometimes employ a “lowest price or more than the difference back” policy (i.e., a price‐beating guarantee). We investigated whether such a policy is more effective to attract and retain customers than when the exact price difference is promised (i.e., a price‐matching guarantee). The first study revealed that about 60% of the marketers and shop owners in our sample thought that beating price differences is a more effective strategy than matching price differences. However, the four subsequent studies challenged this assumption. Specifically, the advertisement as well as the provision of price‐beating refunds did not have an incremental positive effect on customers' general attitudes in terms of trust, brand perception, loyalty, and shopping intentions beyond the level that was already reached by price‐matching refunds. Moreover, our mediation analyses revealed that the null effect of price‐matching versus price‐beating was mediated by fairness perceptions. From a theoretical perspective, these results are in line with a fairness account, which holds that people do not only evaluate the economic value of an outcome, but also take equality considerations into account. Because price‐beating is literally more expensive than price‐matching, from a practical point of view, companies should be informed that the employment of a price‐beating guarantee is a cost‐ineffective advertisement strategy and compensation policy.
Developments and Trends in Industrial Process Analytics for Life Science Applications
Authors: Gerlach Martin , Gross Reinhard , Steckenreiter Thomas , Traenkle Jens , Tulke Albert 
Published: January 2017

AbstractProcess analytics and process analyzer technology are the basis need to address specific requirements of industrial life‐science processes in order to become extensively employed in this area. This is due to a variety of regulatory demands, but also due to the complexity and other challenges of the individual measurement and control tasks. Examples of recent achievements are presented here. Real time information – substance‐specific where appropriate – as a basis for an improved understanding of the processes and for superior automated process control are among the most prominent requirements.
Prussian Blue Analogues: A Versatile Framework for Solid‐Contact Ion‐Selective Electrodes with Tunable Potentials
Authors: Klink Stefan , Ishige Yu , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe development of solid‐contact ion‐selective electrodes (SC‐ISEs) (e. g. for point‐of‐care sensors) requires simple inner reference electrodes (iREs) with predictable and reproducible potentials. Intercalation compounds fulfill these requirements, as they respond to target ions present in the ion‐selective membrane. Their applicability, however, is limited by the availability of intercalation frameworks capable to intercalate the target ion of interest. We report that Prussian Blue analogues (PBAs) can serve as versatile iREs for a range of target ions of clinical interest, such as Na+, K+, or Ca2+. Combining target‐ion intercalated PBAs with ion‐selective membranes results in a family of all‐solid SC‐ISEs, which are capable as ISEs with an inner filling, yet cheap and suitable for mass‐production. The SC‐ISEs′ standard potential is predictable and can be tuned by altering the PBAs′ redox‐active transition metal or by changing its state of charge.
Development of Highly Potent GAT1 Inhibitors: Synthesis of Nipecotic Acid Derivatives with N‐Arylalkynyl Substituents
Authors: Lutz Toni , Wein Thomas , Höfner Georg , Wanner Klaus T. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA new scaffold of highly potent and mGAT1‐selective inhibitors has been developed. Compounds in this class are characterized by an alkyne‐type spacer connecting nipecotic acid with an aromatic moiety. Preliminary evaluations made it apparent that a nipecotic acid derivative with an N‐butynyl linker and a terminal 2‐biphenyl residue exhibiting a binding affinity (pKi) of 7.61±0.03 to mGAT1 and uptake inhibition (pIC50) of 7.00±0.06 selective for mGAT1 could serve as a hit compound. Docking calculations for compounds based on this structure in an hGAT1 homology modeling study indicated binding affinities similar to or even higher than that of the well‐known mGAT1 inhibitor tiagabine. Synthesis of the designed compounds was readily carried out by two consecutive cross‐coupling reactions, giving flexible access to variously substituted biphenyl subunits. With an appropriate substitution pattern of the biphenyl moiety, the binding affinity of enantiopure (R)‐nipecotic acid derivatives to mGAT1 increased to pKi=8.33±0.01, and the uptake inhibitory potency up to pIC50=7.72±0.02.
One‐Step and Surfactant‐Free Fabrication of Gold‐Nanoparticle‐Decorated Bismuth Oxychloride Nanosheets Based on Laser Ablation in Solution and Their Enhanced Visible‐Light Plasmonic Photocatalysis
Authors: Wei Yi , Zhou Hongjian , Zhang Hongwen , Zhu Xiaoguang , Liu Guangqiang , Li Yue , Cai Weiping 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA simple synthetic route is presented for fabricating gold nanoparticle (NP)‐decorated bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) nanosheets in one step based on laser ablation of a gold target in a hydrochloric acid solution of bismuth nitrate without surfactant. After laser ablation, BiOCl nanosheets with attached Au NPs are obtained. The nanosheets are sub‐micron in the planar dimension and around 20 nm thick, and the Au NPs are a mean size of approximately 20 nm. Further experiments reveal that such Au‐NP‐decorated nanosheets could be formed at a large Cl/Bi molar ratio range (0.01 to 3) in solution. The formation of the BiOCl nanosheets is attributed to the Au plasma plume‐induced local fast hydrothermal reaction, which drives the planar growth of BiOCl. Importantly, these Au‐NP‐decorated BiOCl nanosheets exhibit high photodegradation activity on rhodamine B, a typical organic pollutant, compared with bare nanosheets under visible light irradiation, and show highly stable and recyclable performance. This is attributed to the plasmonic properties of Au NPs, which increase optical absorption and promote separation of electron–hole pairs in the NP‐decorated BiOCl nanosheets. This work provides not only a new plasmonic photocatalyst for the oxidative degradation of organic pollutants, but also a general method for fabrication of the metal‐NP‐decorated nanosheets of other layer‐structured oxychlorides.
The Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms (CCAPS‐62): Acceptance, feasibility, and initial psychometric properties in a UK student population
Authors: Broglia Emma , Millings Abigail , Barkham Michael 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe burden and severity of student mental health continue to increase in parallel with increasing financial pressures on students and services alike. There is a need for a student‐specific measure of distress that acknowledges their unique context. This study examined the feasibility, acceptance, and initial psychometric properties of a US measure, the Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms (CCAPS), in a UK student sample.MethodsA sample of 294 UK help‐seeking students from two universities completed the CCAPS‐62 and Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation (CORE‐10) as a comparator. The factor solution and reliability of the CCAPS‐62 were examined. Correlations and clinical boundaries were determined between the CCAPS‐62 subscales and CORE‐10, and comparisons were made with US published norms.ResultsThe CCAPS‐62 demonstrated a strong factor solution that matched the intended subscales. All subscales had good reliability and correlated significantly with the CORE‐10. The agreement on caseness between the two measures was 92.8% with 86.3% reaching clinical threshold on both the CCAPS‐62 and CORE‐10. Severity was most noticeable for academic distress, depression, anxiety, and social anxiety. Compared to US data, UK students showed higher clinical severity for all psychological symptoms.ConclusionsThe CCAPS‐62 is a reliable and psychometrically valid assessment measure to use with UK students without revision. The overall distress indicated is similar to that of the CORE‐10, but the individual subscales are more informative of specific student concerns including academic distress, social anxiety, and substance abuse. Potential benefits of administering a student‐focused assessment measure in student counselling services are discussed.Key Practitioner Message

University students attending counselling in the UK demonstrate clinical severity for academic distress, depression, anxiety, and social anxiety.
Compared to university students in the US, UK students present with higher clinical severity on all contextual measures of student psychological distress.
It is advantageous for university counselling services to administer a student‐specific clinical measure over measures intended for the general clinical population.
CCAPS‐62 is an acceptable, feasible, and psychometrically valid measure of student psychological distress that can be used in the UK without revision.
It is important for university counselling services to continue to provide support from therapists that are trained and experienced in the university context over services intended for the general clinical population.
Computer‐assisted quantification of CD3+ T cells in follicular lymphoma
Authors: Abas Fazly S. , Shana'ah Arwa , Christian Beth , Hasserjian Robert , Louissaint Abner , Pennell Michael , Sahiner Berkman , Chen Weijie , Niazi Muhammad Khalid Khan , Lozanski Gerard , Gurcan Metin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe advance of high resolution digital scans of pathology slides allowed development of computer based image analysis algorithms that may help pathologists in IHC stains quantification. While very promising, these methods require further refinement before they are implemented in routine clinical setting. Particularly critical is to evaluate algorithm performance in a setting similar to current clinical practice. In this article, we present a pilot study that evaluates the use of a computerized cell quantification method in the clinical estimation of CD3 positive (CD3+) T cells in follicular lymphoma (FL). Our goal is to demonstrate the degree to which computerized quantification is comparable to the practice of estimation by a panel of expert pathologists. The computerized quantification method uses entropy based histogram thresholding to separate brown (CD3+) and blue (CD3−) regions after a color space transformation. A panel of four board‐certified hematopathologists evaluated a database of 20 FL images using two different reading methods: visual estimation and manual marking of each CD3+ cell in the images. These image data and the readings provided a reference standard and the range of variability among readers. Sensitivity and specificity measures of the computer's segmentation of CD3+ and CD− T cell are recorded. For all four pathologists, mean sensitivity and specificity measures are 90.97 and 88.38%, respectively. The computerized quantification method agrees more with the manual cell marking as compared to the visual estimations. Statistical comparison between the computerized quantification method and the pathologist readings demonstrated good agreement with correlation coefficient values of 0.81 and 0.96 in terms of Lin's concordance correlation and Spearman's correlation coefficient, respectively. These values are higher than most of those calculated among the pathologists. In the future, the computerized quantification method may be used to investigate the relationship between the overall architectural pattern (i.e., interfollicular vs. follicular) and outcome measures (e.g., overall survival, and time to treatment). © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Flow Cytometric Characteristics of Extrathymic Thymocytes in Adenoid Tissue: A Case Report and Comparison to Normal Thymus and Thymoma
Authors: Yuan Ji , Gali Vasantha L. , Perry Deborah A. , Fu Kai , Qureishi Hina , Amador‐Ortiz Catalina , Greiner Timothy , Pirruccello Samuel J. 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundNormal thymocyte precursors in secondary lymphoid organs have previously been described. It is important to recognize normal thymocyte precursors by flow cytometry to differentiate them from T‐cell lymphoblastic leukemia.MethodsA 3‐year‐old boy status 2 years postallogenic cardiac transplant underwent adenoidectomy to exclude post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. Microscopic, immunohistochemical, and flow cytometry analyses of the adenoid were performed.ResultsBy flow cytometry, a population of CD45+(dim)/CD7+(bright)/CD3‐ cells were observed at 1.0% of lymphocytes. These cells expressed CD10, partial CD34 and exhibited acquisition of CD4 followed by CD8. Within the brighter CD45+ lymphocytes, a population of CD3‐/CD4+/CD8+ thymocytes and a similarly sized population of CD4+/CD8+ cells exhibiting acquisition of low‐density CD3 were identified. By immunostaining, clusters of TdT+/CD1a+/CD4+/CD8+ T‐cells were identified in the interfollicular areas. Compared to normal thymus, thymocytes in the adenoid tissue lacked the classic CD4xCD8 winged differentiation profile but showed a normal early precursor pattern.ConclusionsThymocytes in adenoid show a similar differentiation pattern to thymus and thymoma. However, the classic winged pattern of common thymocyte differentiation may not be readily apparent in thymocytes differentiating outside of the thymus. Recognition of the early thymocyte precursor antigen acquisition profile can be crucial to correct interpretation. © 2017 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Dynamic and adaptive detection method for flooding in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Mansouri Djamel , Mokdad Lynda , Ben‐othman Jalel , Ioualalen Malika 
Published: January 2017

SummaryIn recent years, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted an increasing attention in several fields. However, WSNs must be treated with significant challenges in their design due to their special characteristics such as limited energy, processing power, and data storage that make the energy consumption saving a real challenge. Also, regarding their distributed deployment in open radio frequency and lack of physical security, these networks are vulnerable and exposed to several attacks: passive eavesdropping, active attacks, and identity theft. In this paper, we propose a new method called accordion method to detect and apprehend denial of service attacks in WSNs. This approach is a dynamic and an adaptive method based on using clustering method which allows electing control nodes that analyze the traffic inside a cluster and send warnings to the cluster head whenever an abnormal behavior is suspected or detected. The proposed method relies on the analysis of the evolution of the threshold messages (alerts) sent in the cluster. The proposed method has been evaluated, and the obtained numerical results show its benefit compared with other detection methods.
Impact of Pancreatic Cyst Fluid CEA Levels on the Classification of Pancreatic Cysts Using the Papanicolaou Society of Cytology Terminology System for Pancreaticobiliary Cytology
Authors: Saieg Mauro Ajaj , Munson Valerie , Colletti Shanna , Nassar Aziza 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundThe new proposed classification for pancreaticobiliary cytology has advocated the use of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) analysis of cyst fluid as an ancillary diagnostic tool for the determination of mucinous neoplasms in pancreatic cyst aspirates. We aimed to investigate the effect of CEA cyst fluid analysis on cases primarily called negative or nondiagnostic and on the sensitivity and specificity of the method.MethodsWe retrospectively identified and collected all pancreatic cyst aspirates from 2010 to 2014 at Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, along with available corresponding surgical diagnoses. Cases primarily classified as nondiagnostic or negative but that had a cyst CEA level of 192 ng mL−1 or higher were reclassified as mucinous neoplasms. Cytohistologic correlation was assessed whenever possible.ResultsWe retrieved pancreatic cyst aspirates from 255 patients who had a corresponding CEA level measurement. Median patient age was 70 years (range, 25–100 years). Among all samples, 129 (50.6%) had been classified as negative and 42 (16.4%) as nondiagnostic. Applying the new criteria, the number of samples previously classified as negative and nondiagnostic decreased considerably, with a statistically significant difference among negative cases. Fifty‐four cases (21.2%) had an available corresponding surgical diagnosis, and complete agreement was achieved in 95.4% of the cases. Use of the new cutoff for CEA levels increased the sensitivity and negative predictive value, compared with the original diagnoses.ConclusionsThe incorporation of the new proposed terminology and CEA fluid analysis has significantly decreased the number of samples primarily classified as negative and nondiagnostic, along with improved test characteristics. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:101–106. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Accuracy and Reproducibility of Nuclear/Cytoplasmic Ratio Assessments in Urinary Cytology Specimens
Authors: Layfield Lester J. , Esebua Magda , Frazier Shellaine R. , Hammer Richard D. , Bivin William W. , Nguyen Van , Ersoy Ilker , Schmidt Robert L. 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundEvaluation of the nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio is commonly used for assessment of the presence of malignancy and for grading and typing of malignant neoplasms. Despite its widespread usage, little information exists regarding the accuracy and reproducibility of non‐automated assessment.MethodsForty‐seven cells obtained from Papanicolaou stained urine cytologies were assessed by quantitative image analysis for nuclear area and cell area. The nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio was calculated. Visual estimates of the N/C ratio were made by six pathologists. Statistical analysis was performed to determine accuracy, precision, and interrater reliability.ResultsTrue N/C ratios varied from 0.02 to 0.81. 27% of cases demonstrated a true N/C ratio between 0.5 and 0.7. Quantitative estimates of N/C ratios were less precise and less accurate at high N/C ratios. The coefficient of variation was 27%. The majority of raters demonstrated decreased accuracy and precision of estimates as N/C ratio increased. Overall classification accuracy was 73%. Accuracy of classification was 53% for cases with a true N/C ratio between 0.4 and 0.8. Absolute interrater agreement was 75%. Chance corrected agreement (kappa) was 0.54.ConclusionsVisual quantitation of N/C ratio showed only a fair correlation with actual N/C ratio with correlation decreasing with increasing N/C ratio. In the critical range, 0.5–0.7 N/C ratio both interobserver correlation and correlation with true N/C ratio may be insufficiently accurate for precise category assignment as used in the Paris System. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:107–112. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adaptation of acaricide stress facilitates Tetranychus urticae expanding against Tetranychus cinnabarinus in China
Authors: Lu Wencai , Wang Mengyao , Xu Zhifeng , Shen Guangmao , Wei Peng , Li Ming , Reid William , He Lin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe two‐spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, and the carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus, are invasive and native species in China, respectively. Compared with T. cinnabarinus, T. urticae has expanded into most parts of China and has become the dominant species of spider mite since 1983, when it was first reported in China. However, the mechanism of the demographic conversion has not been illuminated. In this study, one T. urticae field population and one T. cinnabarinus field population were isolated from the same plant in the same field, and the toxicological characteristics were compared between these two species. Laboratory bioassays demonstrated that T. urticae was more tolerant to commonly used acaricides than T. cinnabarinus. The activities of detoxification enzymes were significantly greater in T. urticae, and the fold changes of enzymes activities in T. urticae were also greater following exposure to acaricides. Furthermore, more metabolism‐related genes were upregulated at a basal level, and more genes were induced in T. urticae following exposure to acaricides. The comparison of proteins and genes between both species led credence to the hypothesis that T. urticae was more resistant to acaricides, which was the reason explaining the expansion of invasive T. urticae against native T. cinnabarinus. Laboratory simulation experiments demonstrated that following the application of acaricides, the composition of a mixed T. urticae/T. cinnabarinus population would change from a T. cinnabarinus‐dominant to a T. urticae‐dominant population. This study not only reveals that T. urticae possesses stronger detoxification capacity than its sibling species T. cinnabarinus, which facilitated its persistent expansion in China, but also points to the need to accurately identify Tetranychus species and to develop species‐specific management strategies for these pests.