bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and safety of impact-loading exercise in patients with multiple myeloma—a pilot study
Authors: Kollikowski Anne , Schallock Marei , Ringeisen Ruben , Hasenclever Dirk , Seefried Lothar , Grunz Jan-Peter , Zubac Damir , Löffler Claudia , Baumann Freerk T. , Jundt Franziska 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) develop osteolytic lesions with fractures, pain, and impaired quality of life. Preclinical data show an anabolic effect of loading exercise in osteolytic lesions of MM. This 6-month pilot study evaluated feasibility and safety of impact-loading exercise in patients with MM after assessment of spinal stability.

Methods
We assigned 20 patients to perform 45 min of guided impact-loading exercise twice a week and home-based training once a week or stretching exercise twice a week. Primary endpoint was assessment of feasibility and safety. Secondary endpoints were assessments of physical performance, quality of life, and bone remineralization.

Results
Of 77 eligible patients with MM, 26% accepted participation. In the impact group, 9/12 and in the stretching group 7/8 patients completed training with adherence rates of 65.8 and 81.1%. Ninety percent of the stamping and jumping exercises were performed with increasing intensity from the prescribed training volume of ≥ 100%. Low severity pain events were reported after 32.9% of impact sessions. No serious adverse events were observed. After 6 months, 6-minute walk distance increased in the impact group by 35 m and in the stretching group by 46 m, and chair-rise test improved in the stretching group by 1.7 s. Global health status increased by 24.9% in the impact group, and functional scale by 31.9% in the stretching group based upon EORTC QLQ-C30. No signs of bone remineralization were observed in computed tomography.

Conclusion
Impact training is feasible and appears to be safe in selected MM patients.
Inhibition of liver cancer cell growth by metabolites S-adenosylmethionine and nicotinic acid originating from liver progenitor cells
Authors: Liu Wen-Ming , Chen Cai-Yang , Ma Hong-Qian , Zhang Qiu-Qiu , Zhou Xu , Wu Yu-Ling , Huang Wei-Jian , Qi Xiao-Shu , Zhang Yu-Xin , Tang Dan , Sun Han-Yong , Wu Hong-Ping , Jiao Ying-Fu , He Zhi-Ying , Yu Wei-Feng , Yan He-Xin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of liver cancer, presents a challenging malignancy with scarce treatment options. Liver progenitor cells (LPCs) play a pivotal role in both liver regeneration and the progression of liver cancer, yet the specific functions of LPCs from different origins in liver cancer remain to be fully elucidated.

Methods
We explored the liver progenitor-like cells derived from human hepatocytes (HepLPCs) on the proliferation of HCC both in vitro and in vivo. The mitochondrial function was assessed through electron microscopy and functional experiments. Transcriptomic sequencing and western blot unveiled the fundamental mechanisms at play, whereas metabolomic sequencing pinpointed crucial effector molecules involved in the paracrine secretion of HepLPCs.

Results
By employing a co-culture system of HepLPCs and HCC cells, we found that HepLPCs markedly inhibited HCC growth by prompting mitochondrial dysfunction, which further led to the co-inhibition of the Notch1 and JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathways through paracrine actions involving S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and Nicotinic acid (NA).

Conclusions
This study has uncovered that HepLPCs have a suppressive influence on the proliferation of HCC cells. This is achieved through the impairment of mitochondrial function and the inhibition of key signaling pathways, namely, Notch1 and JAK1/STAT3, which are critical drivers of cancer progression. The secretion of the metabolites SAM and NA by HepLPCs appears to be instrumental in mediating these effects. These findings provide a solid foundation for identifying new therapeutic targets and clarifying the mechanisms through which HepLPCs can be harnessed to effectively treat HCC.
Mit Partizipation zur Klimaneutralität? Das kooperative Beteiligungsverfahren „Bonn4Future – Wir fürs Klima“
Authors: Antoni Julian , Dame Juliane , Lobeck Michael , Hörschelmann Kathrin 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Die kommunalen Bekenntnisse zur Klimaneutralität im Sinne einer nachhaltigen Stadtentwicklung werden in den vergangenen Jahren immer zahlreicher. Die Bürger:innenschaft ist dabei vielerorts eine wichtige Akteursgruppe, die Transformationsprozesse hin zur Klimaneutralität mitverhandelt. In Bonn hat sich der Stadtrat das Ziel der kommunalen Klimaneutralität bis zum Jahr 2035 gesetzt. Die Bonner Transition Town Initiative Bonn im Wandel e. V. hat mit Unterstützung eines breiten Bündnisses daraufhin das zweijährige Mitwirkungsverfahren „Bonn4Future – Wir fürs Klima“ beantragt, konzipiert und in Kooperation mit der Stadtverwaltung durchgeführt. Auf Basis eines Mixed Methods-Ansatzes der begleitenden wissenschaftlichen Evaluation wird analysiert, inwiefern das kooperative Beteiligungsverfahren zu einer breiten Partizipation und politischen Teilhabe beitragen konnte.
Ausgehend von einer Einführung zu kommunalen Beteiligungsprozessen im Kontext von Klimaneutralität und möglichen Gütekriterien für die Prozessgestaltung analysieren wir die Umsetzung des Mitwirkungsverfahrens „Bonn4Future“ und zeigen Herausforderungen des Prozesses auf. Auf Basis der Ergebnisse lassen sich Handlungsempfehlungen ableiten, wie kommunale und zivilgesellschaftliche Akteure im Rahmen einer Kollaboration und breiten Mitwirkung der zentralen Aufgabe der urbanen Klimaanpassung begegnen können. Insgesamt kann ein breit angelegtes Partizipationsverfahren mit genügend Ressourcen einen möglichen Ausgangspunkt für einen längerfristig kooperativen Modus von organisierter Zivilgesellschaft, Verwaltung und Kommunalpolitik darstellen.
Geologic and Geotechnical Investigation of Basement Rocks and Mesozoic Sandstone for Dimension Stone Potential in Northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Wubalem Azemeraw , Abiy Gezahegn , Ayenew Temesgen , Mulualem Wuletaw , Tesfaw Gashaw , Hailu Girma , Dawit Zerihun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study evaluates the suitability of various rock types for dimension stone applications through a combination of fieldwork, petrographic analysis, and geotechnical testing. The rocks investigated include Mesozoic sandstone, Precambrian migmatite gneiss, syn-tectonic granite, syn-to late-tectonic gabbroic diorite, and late to post-tectonic granite. Extensive field observations documented these rock unit’s spatial distribution, weathering patterns, color, texture, and deformation features. Petrographic analysis focused on mineralogical composition, alteration and texture while geotechnical tests assessed uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), density, water absorption, and porosity. The findings reveal that mineral composition significantly affects rock strength: quartz and feldspar rich rocks exhibited higher UCS, whereas rocks containing weaker minerals like biotite and muscovite showed lower strength. All tested rocks except Mesozoic sandstone, demonstrated low porosity, low water absorption, and high UCS, can make them ideal for both structural and decorative dimension stone applications. Mesozoic sandstones with its higher porosity and lower UCS, is more appropriate for non-structural decorative use. This study underscores the importance of integrating fieldwork with petrographic and geotechnical tests when evaluating rocks for dimension stone applications. The result highlights the need for careful rock selection based on the petrographic properties, visual appearance, alteration degrees, and physico-mechanical characteristics to optimize stone use in construction and decorative projects. Future research should focus on the performance of these rocks under harsh environmental conditions to ensure long term durability.
Autoregulatory-guided management in traumatic brain injury: does age matter?
Authors: Svedung Wettervik Teodor , Beqiri Erta , Hånell Anders , Bögli Stefan Yu , Olakorede Ihsane , Chen Xuhang , Helmy Adel , Lavinio Andrea , Hutchinson Peter J. , Smielewski Peter 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Although older traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients often exhibit cerebral autoregulatory impairment with high pressure reactivity index (PRx), the role of autoregulatory-guided management in these patients remains elusive. In this study, we aimed to explore if age affected the prognostic role of the autoregulatory variables, PRx and the PRx-derived optimal cerebral perfusion pressure (CPPopt), in a large TBI cohort.

Methods
In this observational study, 550 TBI patients who had been treated in the neurocritical care unit, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK, between 2002 and 2022 with available data on age, intracranial pressure monitoring, and outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale [GOS]) were included. The patients were classified into three age groups; youth and early adulthood (16–39 years), middle adulthood (40–59 years), and senior adulthood (60 years and above). Autoregulatory variables were studied in relation to outcome using heatmaps. Multivariate logistic regressions of mortality and favourable outcome (GOS 4 to 5) were performed with PRx and ΔCPPopt (CPP-CPPopt) in addition to baseline variables.

Results
TBI patients in the senior adulthood group exhibited higher PRx and lower ICP than younger patients. There was a transition towards worse outcome with higher PRx in heatmaps for all age groups. The combination of high PRx together with low CPP or negative ΔCPPopt was particularly associated with lower GOS. In multivariate logistic regressions, higher PRx remained independently associated with higher mortality and lower rate of favourable outcome in the senior adulthood cohort. There was a transition towards worse outcome for negative ΔCPPopt for all age groups, but it did not reach statistical significance for the senior adulthood group.

Conclusions
PRx was found to be an independent outcome predictor and influenced the safe and dangerous CPP and ΔCPPopt interval for all age groups. Thus, TBI patients older than 60 years may also benefit from autoregulatory-guided management and should not necessarily be excluded from future trials on such therapeutic strategies.
Influence of different dental scenarios on the accuracy of computerized optical impressions: an in vitro pilot study
Authors: Saravi Babak , Paffenholz Clemens L. , Hazard Derek , Kohal Ralf J. , Patzelt Sebastian B. M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
This in vitro study aimed to determine the influence of various dental scenarios on the accuracy of computerized optical impressions (COIM), specifically focusing on trueness and precision.

Materials and methods
Eight resin casts representing different dental scenarios, including fully dentate upper (UU) and lower jaws (UL), full-arch preparation (FA), single abutment preparations (SA), anterior (AB) and lateral bridge preparations (LB), partial crown preparations (PA), and veneer preparations (VE), were digitally captured using an extraoral reference scanner and an intraoral scanner. The datasets from both scanners were superimposed to calculate and statistically evaluate three-dimensional mean deviations.

Results
The accuracy of maxillary full-arch scans was lowest in the PA scenario (trueness: 34.18 ± 5.46 μm, precision: 36.0 ± 14.69 μm) and LB scenario (trueness: 33.18 ± 7.86 μm, precision: 47.70 ± 14.09 μm). The best accuracy was observed in the SA (trueness: 21.38 ± 1.87 μm, precision: 22.25 ± 4.31 μm) and FA (trueness: 23.75 ± 1.51 μm, precision: 15.26 ± 3.41 μm) scenarios, significantly better than UU (trueness: 29.67 ± 0.79 μm, precision: 29.51 ± 1.17 μm). Soft tissue included in the scans of UU and UL lowered accuracy.

Conclusions
The accuracy of COIM varies significantly with different dental scenarios. Scenarios with extensive edentulous areas and complex preparation designs exhibit lower accuracy.

Clinical relevance
Accurate dental impressions are vital for the proper fit of prosthetic restorations. This study highlights that scenarios with less edentulous areas and simpler preparation designs yield better accuracy. Clinicians should be mindful that large edentulous areas and complex preparations can pose challenges for intraoral scanners, requiring careful scanning strategies to mitigate potential inaccuracies.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of mixed reality in vocational education and training: examining behavioral, cognitive, and affective training outcomes and possible moderators
Authors: Bödding Rabea , Schriek Simon A. , Maier Günter W. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mixed Reality (MR), including virtual and augmented reality, is increasingly implemented for Vocational Education and Trainings (VETs), prompting research to establish their effectiveness in professional settings. This paper systematizes this research for behavioral, cognitive, and affective training outcomes respectively, while investigating the role of the training technology, content and context. The systematic literature review covers k = 53 studies, followed by a synthesis of the results through three-level meta-analyses with exploratory moderator analyses. When compared to control groups, there are significant positive effects for the use of MR in VETs for behavioral (d = 0.40), cognitive (d = 0.84), and affective training outcomes (d = 0.65). These effects remained comparable when considering the subset of studies with equal training contents (d

behavioral
= 0.40, d

cognitive
= 0.68, d

affective
= 0.71) but not when considering the subsets where two MR conditions were compared (d

behavioral
= 0.04, d

cognitive
= −0.31, d

affective
= −0.51). Furthermore, results indicate that within MR VETs behavioral (d = 1.79), cognitive, (d = 1.29), and affective (d = 1.31) training outcomes improve from pre-to-post-intervention, but results at follow-up were more ambivalent. The subsequently conducted moderator analyses highlighted that the effectiveness of MR VETs is mostly independent of the investigated technological, content, and context features. Overall, these results underline the promising effects of MR training for different kinds of training outcomes but also pointed to a lack of comparative research which implements and compares instructional features to support active knowledge construction and investigates the interaction of immersive technologies with instructional methods.
Models for formal methods and tools: the case of railway systems
Authors: ter Beek M. H. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Formal methods and tools are successfully applied to the development of safety-critical systems for decades now, in particular in the transport domain, without a single technique or tool emerging as the dominant solution for system design. Formal methods are highly recommended by the existing safety standards in the railway industry, but railway engineers typically lack the knowledge to transform their semi-formal models into a formal model, with a precise semantics, that can serve as input to formal methods tools. We share the results of performing empirical studies in the field, including usability analyses of formal methods tools involving railway practitioners. We discuss, in particular with respect to railway systems and their modelling, our experiences in applying formal methods and tools to a variety of case studies, for which we interacted with a number of companies from the railway domain. We report on lessons learned from these experiences and provide pointers to steer future research towards facilitating further synergies between researchers and developers of formal methods and tools on the one hand and practitioners from the railway industry on the other.
Drop-Weight Impact of Composite Laminates: Modelling the Effect of a Round-Nosed Versus a Flat-Ended Impactor
Authors: Ding Yuzhe , Johnson Michael S. , Liu Jun , Dear James , Li Jiaqi , Liu Haibao , Kinloch Anthony J. , Dear John P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The present study investigates the effect of the impactor geometry on the impact performance, at relatively high impact energies, of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates with a cross-ply configuration of [02/902], which were manufactured using unidirectional (UD) carbon-fibre epoxy-matrix plies. Drop-weight impact tests were performed using both round-nosed and flat-ended rigid impactors. White light interferometry (WLI), ultrasonic C-scan and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to assess the relationship between the indentation profile, the delamination footprint and the fracture morphology along the fracture plane. This study focusses on the coupling between the extent of indentation, the loading responses and the associated damage caused in the CFRP. This damage involved both intralaminar damage, including matrix cracking and fibre-kinking and fracture, and interlaminar, i.e. delamination, damage. This paper studies in more detail the finding that the flat-ended impactor only caused significant damage to the CFRP panel when an impact energy of 25 J and above was attained, which was previously observed by Y. Ding. J. Liu, Z.E.C. Hall. R.A. Brooks, H. Liu, A.J. Kinloch and J.P. Dear, “Damage and energy absorption behaviour of composite laminates under impact loading using different impactor geometries”, Composite Structures 321 (2023) 117259. At an impact energy of 25 J, a compressive kink-band fracture plane occurred around the periphery of the flat-ended impactor near the front surface of the laminate. A previously published numerical model has been extended to account for these experimental observations. The modelling accurately predicts the damage features observed for the two types of impactor geometry with indentation playing a significant role on the threshold for damage and the distribution of damage.
Improving the LKP-SJT Equation of State: Application to Alkanes, Carbon Dioxide, and Their Mixtures
Authors: Sabozin Fabian , Schneegans Marcel Felix , Jäger Andreas , Thol Monika 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The recently introduced modification of the Lee-Kesler-Plöcker equation of state, LKP-SJT, has been further developed, and the results are presented. The new version includes an enhancement of the original approach for calculating the compressibility factor at the critical point. Furthermore, the standard fluid combination used as base points for interpolation has been varied. The results of these calculations are compared with datasets generated from highly accurate equations of state in terms of the Helmholtz energy and with experimental measurements. The investigated fluids include alkanes and carbon dioxide. In comparison to the original version of the LKP-SJT equation of state, improvements were achieved for n-alkanes up to n-dodecane and carbon dioxide. The calculated densities of long-chain alkanes are significantly more accurate, while vapor pressures are less precise. The application of the LKP-SJT to propane - n-alkane and carbon dioxide - n-alkane mixtures up to n-decane confirms its benefits in the density calculation of long-chained alkanes and hence asymmetric mixtures. Calculations of the liquid density for the propane - n-eicosane mixture performed to estimate the extrapolation behavior yield promising results.
Genetic Algorithm-based Control of a Two-Wheeled Self-Balancing Robot
Authors: Papadimitriou Kleon Dimitrios , Murasovs Nikita , Giannaccini Maria Elena , Aphale Sumeet 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mobile robots are becoming increasingly popular in a wide array of applications: industrial, item delivery, search and rescue, space, social, and entertainment. A two-wheeled self-balancing mobile robot is a statically unstable non-linear system with strong coupling dynamics. Common practices in the development of control systems for such robots are either to linearise the region of application to be used with linear controllers or to use complex nonlinear controllers such as fuzzy logic, sliding mode, and neural networks. However, self-balancing robots are still restricted by the travelling distance needed to regain an upright stance, the length of settling time, high overshoot and lack of resilience to external disturbance. In this paper, we are proposing a novel genetic algorithm-based switching control to evolve more effective control parameters and increase autonomy. Differently from previous work a genetic algorithm has been used to select the parameters in a sliding mode control and a switching-algorithm-based controller of a two-wheeled self-balancing mobile robot. The performance of the proposed controllers is assessed in simulations using the CoppeliaSim environment. The tests used dynamic criteria (distance travelled, maximum angular deviation), control criteria (settling time, % overshoot). The results showed that the genetic algorithm-based control has better performance in the 55 degree recovery, impulse response and variable inclination tests and that switching algorithm-based control shows better performance in step response tests. The results produced by the evolutionary algorithm are often able to perform better than their analytic counterparts. This shows the potential of meta-heuristic algorithms to obtain solutions for optimization problems encountered by statically unstable non-linear systems in unstructured and fast-changing environments.
Exploring innovation across organizations: the role of contracts and management controls
Authors: Caglio Ariela , Daniele Mario , Ditillo Angelo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper addresses a gap in the management accounting literature by examining the relationship between innovation, contract completeness, and the use of management controls in buyer–supplier relationships. Early evidence shows that uncertainty significantly affects contracts and controls, reducing both contract completeness and the inclusion of control specifications in contracts. However, little is known about the role of innovation in shaping inter-organisational relationships. Our study leverages survey evidence collected in the fashion industry, where innovation is both a source of competitive advantage and an intrinsic feature of the production process. Results indicate that process innovation has a negative relationship with contract completeness and reduces the formalisation of controls in contracts, while product innovation has no significant association. This study highlights the importance of designing contracts that balance completeness and flexibility in innovation activities, and the crucial role that trust plays, as a substitute for contractual control mechanisms, in improving buyer–supplier relationships.