bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of anticoagulation in hip fractures
Authors: Yassa Rafik , Khalfaoui Mahdi Yacine , Hujazi Ihab , Sevenoaks Hannah , Dunkow Paul 
Published: September 2017

Hip fractures are common and increasing with an ageing population. In the United Kingdom, the national guidelines recommend operative intervention within 36 hours of diagnosis. However, long-term anticoagulant treatment is frequently encountered in these patients which can delay surgical intervention. Despite this, there are no set national standards for management of drug-induced coagulopathy pre-operatively in the context of hip fractures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the management protocols available in the current literature for the commonly encountered coagulopathy-inducing agents. We reviewed the current literature, identified the reversal agents used in coagulopathy management and assessed the evidence to determine the optimal timing, doses and routes of administration. Warfarin and other vitamin K antagonists (VKA) can be reversed effectively using vitamin K with a dose in the range of 2 mg to 10 mg intravenously to correct coagulopathy. The role of fresh frozen plasma is not clear from the current evidence while prothrombin complex remains a reliable and safe method for immediate reversal of VKA-induced coagulopathy in hip fracture surgery or failed vitamin K treatment reversal. The literature suggests that surgery should not be delayed in patients on classical antiplatelet medications (aspirin or clopidogrel), but spinal or regional anaesthetic methods should be avoided for the latter. However, evidence regarding the use of more novel antiplatelet medications (e.g. ticagrelor) and direct oral anticoagulants remains a largely unexplored area in the context of hip fracture surgery. We suggest treatment protocols based on best available evidence and guidance from allied specialties. Hip fracture surgery presents a common management dilemma where semi-urgent surgery is required. In this article, we advocate an evidence-based algorithm as a guide for managing these anticoagulated patients. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2:394–402. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160083
Painting as event: An interview with Jacqueline Humphries
Authors: Ryan David 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In this interview, New York-based painter Jacqueline Humphries talks about her recent practice in relation to the condition of time: this includes her own history as a practitioner, the role of gesture, the notion of the event, and contemporaneity. She addresses the appearance of ‘emojis’ in her recent work, and alludes to both literature and computer games as analogous modes of operation, each illuminating the inner workings of painterly process and its broader context within the contemporary.
Effect of ultrasonic-assisted impregnation parameters on the preparation and interfacial properties of MWCNT/glass-fiber reinforced composites
Authors: Zeng Shaohua , Shen Mingxia , Duan Pengpeng , Lu Fengling , Chen Shangneng , Xue Yijiao 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this study, an ultrasonic-assisted impregnation method was employed to deposit carboxyl multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) onto the E-glass fiber fabric (GFf) for the preparation of the MWCNT-GFf reinforcer. The effects of ultrasonic power, duration and temperature on the dispersion of MWCNTs onto GFf were investigated, and the mechanical properties, interlaminar adhesion, and dynamic viscoelasticity of the resulting MWCNT-GFf-reinforced composites (MGCs) were evaluated. The results indicated that an effective dispersion of MWCNTs onto GFf without obvious breakage of the MWCNTs was achieved under an ultrasonic power of 600 W, duration of 6 min, and processing temperature of about 0°C. Compared with the GFf-reinforced composite, the tensile strength, flexural strength and interlaminar shear strength of the MGCs exhibited maximum increments of 38.4%, 34.6% and 47.1%, respectively. Moreover, the storage moduli and glass-transition temperatures of the MGCs were significantly enhanced. The ultrasonic parameters were of key importance for dispersing MWCNTs onto GFf and improving the interfacial properties of the composites.
An a posteriori truncation regularization method for an ill-posed problem for the heat equation with an integral boundary condition
Authors: Denche Mohamed , Benchikha Abdelali 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to investigate the problem of control by
the initial conditions of the heat equation with an integral boundary condition.
Using the truncation method with an a posteriori parameter choice rule,
we give the error estimate between the exact and the regularized solutions.
A numerical implementation shows the efficiency of the proposed method.
Geschichtsvermittlung zwischen Tradition und Konstruktivismus
Authors: Langer Theresa 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag bietet eine Übersicht über die verschiedenen, teilweise stark divergierenden Auffassungen über die Definition und Umsetzung geschichtlicher Themen in DaFZ-Lehrwerken und im Unterricht. Dargestellt werden unterschiedliche Positionen sowie ihre Implikationen und ihre Praktikabilität für die unterrichtliche Praxis, bevor zentrale Forschungsdesiderate formuliert werden. Der Beitrag geht aus meiner Masterarbeit hervor, die an den Universitäten Leipzig und Stellenbosch angefertigt wurde.
Motive für das Lernen von Deutsch als Fremdsprache am Wellesley College (USA) und an der Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Brasilien)
Authors: Mericka Kirsten 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag informiert über eine Fragebogenerhebung, mit der die Motive von Deutschlernenden in den USA und in Brasilien ermittelt wurden: Warum entscheiden sich Studierende des Wellesley College (USA) und der Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Brasilien) dafür, Deutsch zu lernen? Die Ergebnisse werden mit Konzepten der Motivationsforschung analysiert und legen nahe, dass an dem College in den USA eher integrativ orientierte Motive und an der Hochschule in Brasilien eher instrumentell orientierte Motive vorherrschen. Der meistgenannte Grund der Befragten sowohl in den USA als auch in Brasilien ist jedoch die Wichtigkeit des Fremdsprachenlernens an sich.
Computational analysis of non-Newtonian boundary layer flow of nanofluid past a semi-infinite vertical plate with partial slip
Authors: Amanulla C.H. , Nagendra N. , Suryanarayana Reddy M. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
An analysis of this paper is examined, two-dimensional, laminar with heat and mass transfer of natural convective nanofluid flow past a semi-infinite vertical plate surface with velocity and thermal slip effects are studied theoretically. The coupled governing partial differential equations are transformed to ordinary differential equations by using non-similarity transformations. The obtained ordinary differential equations are solved numerically by a well-known method named as Keller Box Method (KBM). The influences of the emerging parameters i.e. Casson fluid parameter (β), Brownian motion parameter (Nb), thermophoresis parameter (Nt), Buoyancy ratio parameter (N), Lewis number (Le), Prandtl number (Pr), Velocity slip factor (Sf) and Thermal slip factor (ST) on velocity, temperature and nano-particle concentration distributions is illustrated graphically and interpreted at length. The major sources of nanoparticle migration in Nanofluids are Thermophoresis and Brownian motion. A suitable agreement with existing published literature is made and an excellent agreement is observed for the limiting case and also validation of solutions with a Nakamura tridiagonal method has been included. It is observed that nanoparticle concentrations on surface decreases with an increase in slip parameter. The study is relevant to enrobing processes for electric-conductive nano-materials, of potential use in aerospace and other industries.
Photocatalytic hydrogenolysis of allylic alcohols for rapid access to platform chemicals and fine chemicals
Authors: Takada Yuki , Caner Joaquim , Naka Hiroshi , Saito Susumu 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
A brief account of our recent work on the chemo-, regio- and stereoselective photocatalytic hydrogenolysis of allylic alcohols to alkenes promoted by palladium-loaded titanium oxide (Pd/TiO2) photocatalysts is presented. Since methanol is employed as the reducing agent, the method does not involve stoichiometric generation of salt waste. The photocatalytic hydrogenolysis proceeds at room temperature, and is compatible with the presence of functional groups such as C=C double bonds and hydroxyl groups at non-allylic positions. The regioselectivity is predictable: the hydrogen atom is predominantly incorporated into the sterically less hindered carbon atom of the allylic moiety. This protocol should provide straightforward green access to a range of platform chemicals (exemplified by the two-step synthesis of propylene from glycerol) and fine chemicals [e.g. (S)-(+)-lavandulol from (R)-(–)-carvone] without the need for protection/deprotection steps.
When diazo compounds meet with organoboron compounds
Authors: Wang Jianbo 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Transition-metal free reactions of diazo compounds with organoboron compounds provide some unique approaches for the formation of C–C, C–B and C–Si bonds. With N-tosylhydrazones as the precursors for non-stabilized diazo compound, this type of reaction becomes practically useful in organic synthesis. Transition-metal-free synthetic methodologies for borylation, gem-diborylation, gem-silylborylation arylation, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylation and gem-difluorovinylation have been successfully developed.
Where do polar question markers come from?
Authors: Metslang Helle , Habicht Külli , Pajusalu Karl 
Published: September 2017

AbstractOn the basis of present and past developments concerning polar question markers in Estonian and other languages in the Circum-Baltic area, the main sources of interrogative markers are presented: (1) coordination markers: disjunctive, conjunctive and adversative coordination; (2) subordination markers, the source of which is the subordinating conjunction in the case of insubordination of the subordinate clause; (3) epistemic markers, which arise from particles expressing epistemic modality; (4) pronominal markers, which arise from interrogative pronouns and proadverbs in tag questions. Question particles have developed from these same sources in many other languages as well. Typical of the Circum-Baltic languages are disjunctive and conjunctive particles located on the sentence periphery.
Konzentrations- und Ungleichheitsindizes: ein methodischer Überblick sowie ein empirischer Vergleich anhand der Textilindustrie
Authors: Palan Nicole 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In empirischen Untersuchungen werden Konzentrations- und Ungleichheitsindizes oftmals verwendet, um Informationen über die räumliche Verteilung von Industrien zu komprimieren. Das sich aus einer Maßzahl ergebende Bild über das Ausmaß an Konzentration (Ungleichheit) sowie die Veränderungen über die Zeit hinweg können jedoch in Abhängigkeit des gewählten Index divergieren. Grundsätzlich kann zwischen absoluten und relativen Indizes einerseits sowie zwischen Konzentrations- und Ungleichheitsindizes andererseits unterschieden werden. Das Papier geht auf die unterschiedlichen Charakteristika der einzelnen Indizes ein und zeigt auf, was bei der Wahl des Index für empirische Studien zu beachten ist. Die Analyse zeigt zudem, dass es keinen Index gibt, der anderen Indizes überlegen ist. Je nach Fragestellung sollte daher entschieden werden, welcher Index der geeignetste ist.
Die Food Movements und ihre Forderungen: zur politischen Dimension alternativer Ernährungsgeographien
Authors: Fladvad Benno 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Spätestens seit der jüngsten Finanz- und Nahrungsmittelkrise der Jahre 2007 und 2008 sind das Thema „Ernährung“ und insbesondere das Recht auf selbstbestimmte Nahrungsmittelproduktion zentrale Gegenstände gegenwärtiger Kämpfe um soziale Gerechtigkeit. Deutliche Anzeichen dieses Phänomens sind die sowohl im globalen Süden als auch im Norden zu beobachtende Entstehung und zunehmende Vernetzung diverser Food Movements, die Forderungen nach Ernährungsgerechtigkeit, Food Democracy oder Ernährungssouveränität stellen und sich damit explizit gegen die neoliberale Ordnung und eine unternehmerische Nahrungsmittelproduktion wenden. Ein besonderes Merkmal dieser Bewegungen ist, dass sie sich in der Praxis nicht nur durch die „klassischen“ Formen des politischen Protestes auszeichnen, etwa durch Demonstrationen oder öffentlichen Kampagnen, sondern auch durch eigeninitiierte und selbstbestimmte Formen des Wirtschaftens, z. B. durch Initiativen ökologischer und solidarischer Landwirtschaft sowie durch regionale Tausch- und Allmendesysteme. Unter Berücksichtigung der einschlägigen Literatur lassen sich diese Parallelökonomien auch als „alternative Ernährungsgeographien“ bezeichnen, da sie sich in unterschiedlichem Maße gegen die kapitalistische Verwertungslogik richten und auf eine wertebasierte „Wiederverräumlichung“ der Nahrungsmittelproduktion sowie ihrer Verteilung abzielen. Trotz der insgesamt hohen internationalen Aufmerksamkeit zu diesem Thema existieren jedoch nur wenige Arbeiten, die sich explizit mit der normativen Grundlage der Food Movements auseinandersetzen, d. h. mit den in der Politischen Theorie kontrovers diskutierten Ideen der Souveränität, der Gerechtigkeit und der Demokratie. Dieser Artikel zielt darauf ab, eine theoriebasierte Diskussion hinsichtlich dieser Forschungslücke anzuregen und mögliche Widersprüche aufzuzeigen, die diese vielschichtigen Ideale im Kontext dieses Themenfeldes offenbaren. Zugleich hat der Beitrag den Anspruch, eine erweiterte Grundlage für empirisches Arbeiten zu den Food Movements bzw. zu den alternativen Ernährungsgeographien zu bieten. Dazu werden Ansätze aus der Agrarsoziologie, der Humangeographie und der Politischen Theorie diskutiert und v. a. der Gerechtigkeitstheorie Nancy Frasers größere Beachtung geschenkt. Dieser aus der Kritischen Theorie stammende Ansatz eröffnet eine differenzierte Perspektive auf den inhaltlichen Facettenreichtum und die potenzielle Widersprüchlichkeit sozialer Gerechtigkeit, die auch Untersuchungen hinsichtlich der Food Movements und ihrer Forderungen in ihrer praktischen Entfaltung erleichtern kann. Darüber hinaus bietet Frasers Theorie wertvolle Anknüpfungspunkte zu humangeographischem Denken, da sie nicht nur die inhaltliche, sondern auch die räumliche Dimension von Gerechtigkeitsfragen im Zeitalter der Globalisierung berücksichtigt.
Efficient synthesis of novel β-sitosterol scaffolds containing 1,2,3-triazole via copper(I)-catalyzed click reaction under microwave irradiation
Authors: Yuan Jin-Wei , Qu Ling-Bo 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In this work, new derivatives of the β-sitosterol scaffolds containing 1,2,3-triazole are prepared by the reaction of β-sitosterol with aromatic alkynes via copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions under microwave irradiation. The reaction has several advantages including high yields, short reaction times, and a simple work-up procedure.
First-principles investigations of the electronic and magnetic structures and the bonding properties of uranium nitride fluoride (UNF)
Authors: Matar Samir F. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBased on geometry optimization and magnetic structure investigations within density functional theory, a unique uranium nitride fluoride, isoelectronic with UO2, is shown to present peculiar differentiated physical properties. These specificities versus the oxide are related to the mixed anionic substructure and the layered-like tetragonal structure characterized by covalent-like [U2N2]2+motifs interlayered by ionic-like [F2]2−ones and illustrated herein with electron localization function projections. Particularly, the ionocovalent chemical picture shows, based on overlap population analyses, stronger U–N bonding versus U–F andd(U–N)<d(U–F) distances. Further generalized gradient approximation+U calculations provide the ground state magnetic structure as insulating antiferromagnet with ±2 μBmagnetization per magnetic sub-cell and ~2 eV band gap.
Acetogenins and alkaloids during the initial development of Annona muricata L. (Annonaceae)
Authors: Riley-Saldaña Christian Anabí , Cruz-Ortega María del Rocío , Martínez Vázquez Mariano , De-la-Cruz-Chacón Iván , Castro-Moreno Marisol , González-Esquinca Alma Rosa 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In plants, the presence and distribution of specialized metabolites during the early stages of development are not documented enough, even though their biosynthesis is one of the most important strategies for survival. In this study, five alkaloids and four acetogenins were detected in Annona muricata L. during early development seedling, including three phases of root emergence and three of seedling formation. Hexane and alkaloid extracts were obtained from each organ, which were analyzed in a gas-mass chromatograph and in a high-performance liquid chromatograph coupled with a photodiode array UV detector (HPLC-DAD). This research shows the presence of the acetogenins cis-uvarimicin IV, mosinone, muricina B, and cis-annonacin-10-one, as well as of the alkaloids reticuline, coreximine, anonaine, asimilobine, and nornuciferine, both groups with a variable organ-specific distribution, related with the formation of organs and tissues.
“Ballistic Six” Upper-Extremity Plyometric Training for the Pediatric Volleyball Players
Authors: Turgut Elif , Cinar-Medeni Ozge , Colakoglu Filiz F. , Baltaci Gul 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Turgut, E, Cinar-Medeni, O, Colakoglu, FF, and Baltaci, G. “Ballistic Six” upper-extremity plyometric training for the pediatric volleyball players. J Strength Cond Res 33(5): 1305–1310, 2019—The Ballistic Six exercise program includes commonly used upper-body exercises, and the program is recommended for overhead throwing athletes. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of a 12-week the Ballistic Six upper-extremity plyometric training program on upper-body explosive power, endurance, and reaction time in pediatric overhead athletes. Twenty-eight female pediatric volleyball players participated in the study. The participants were randomly divided into 2 study groups: an intervention group (upper-extremity plyometric training in addition to the volleyball training; n = 14) and a control group (the volleyball training only; n = 14). All the participants were assessed before and after a 12-week training program for upper-body power, strength and endurance, and reaction time. Statistical comparison was performed using an analysis of variance test. Comparisons showed that after a 12-week training program, the Ballistic Six upper-body plyometric training program resulted in more improvements in an overhead medicine ball throwing distance and a push-up performance, as well as greater improvements in the reaction time in the nonthrowing arm when compared with control training. In addition, a 12-week training program was found to be effective in achieving improvements in the reaction time in the throwing arm for both groups similarly. Compared with regular training, upper-body plyometric training resulted in additional improvements in upper-body power and strength and endurance among pediatric volleyball players. The findings of the study provide a basis for developing training protocols for pediatric volleyball players.
Lack of Pattern Separation in Sensory Inputs to the Olfactory Bulb during Perceptual Learning
Authors: Chu Monica W. , Li Wankun L. , Komiyama Takaki 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRecent studies revealed changes in odor representations in the olfactory bulb during active olfactory learning (Chu et al., 2016; Yamada et al., 2017). Specifically, mitral cell ensemble responses to very similar odorant mixtures sparsened and became more distinguishable as mice learned to discriminate the odorants over days (Chu et al., 2016). In this study, we explored whether changes in the sensory inputs to the bulb underlie the observed changes in mitral cell responses. Using two-photon calcium imaging to monitor the odor responses of the olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) axon terminals in the glomeruli of the olfactory bulb during a discrimination task, we found that OSN inputs to the bulb are stable during discrimination learning. During one week of training to discriminate between very similar odorant mixtures in a Go/No-go task, OSN responses did not show significant sparsening, and the responses to the trained similar odorants did not diverge throughout training. These results suggest that the adaptive changes of mitral cell responses during perceptual learning are ensured by mechanisms downstream of OSN input, possibly in local circuits within olfactory bulb.
Serotonin 2B Receptors in Mesoaccumbens Dopamine Pathway Regulate Cocaine Responses
Authors: Doly Stéphane , Quentin Emily , Eddine Raphaël , Tolu Stefania , Fernandez Sebastian P. , Bertran-Gonzalez Jesus , Valjent Emmanuel , Belmer Arnauld , Viñals Xavier , Callebert Jacques , Faure Philippe , Meye Frank J. , Hervé Denis , Robledo Patricia , Mameli Manuel , Launay Jean-Marie , Maldonado Rafael , Maroteaux Luc 
Published: September 2017

Addiction is a maladaptive pattern of behavior following repeated use of reinforcing drugs in predisposed individuals, leading to lifelong changes. Common among these changes are alterations of neurons releasing dopamine in the ventral and dorsal territories of the striatum. The serotonin 5-HT2Breceptor has been involved in various behaviors, including impulsivity, response to antidepressants, and response to psychostimulants, pointing toward putative interactions with the dopamine system. Despite these findings, it remains unknown whether 5-HT2Breceptors directly modulate dopaminergic activity and the possible mechanisms involved. To answer these questions, we investigated the contribution of 5-HT2Breceptors to cocaine-dependent behavioral responses. Male mice permanently lacking 5-HT2Breceptors, even restricted to dopamine neurons, developed heightened cocaine-induced locomotor responses. Retrograde tracing combined with single-cell mRNA amplification indicated that 5-HT2Breceptors are expressed by mesolimbic dopamine neurons.In vivoandex vivoelectrophysiological recordings showed that 5-HT2B-receptor inactivation in dopamine neurons affects their neuronal activity and increases AMPA-mediated over NMDA-mediated excitatory synaptic currents. These changes are associated with lower ventral striatum dopamine activity and blunted cocaine self-administration. These data identify the 5-HT2Breceptor as a pharmacological intermediate and provide mechanistic insight into attenuated dopamine tone following exposure to drugs of abuse.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHere we report that mice lacking 5-HT2Breceptors totally or exclusively in dopamine neurons exhibit heightened cocaine-induced locomotor responses. Despite the sensitized state of these mice, we found that associated changes include lower ventral striatum dopamine activity and lower cocaine operant self-administration. We described the selective expression of 5-HT2Breceptors in a subpopulation of dopamine neurons sending axons to the ventral striatum. Increased burstingin vivoproperties of these dopamine neurons and a concomitant increase in AMPA synaptic transmission toex vivodopamine neurons were found in mice lacking 5-HT2Breceptors. These data support the idea that the chronic 5-HT2B-receptor inhibition makes mice behave like animals already exposed to cocaine with higher cocaine-induced locomotion associated with changes in dopamine neuron reactivity.