bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the validity of self‐reported history of rash caused by metal or jewellery
Authors: Ko Lauren N. , Kroshinsky Daniela , Schalock Peter C. 
Published: November 2017

SummaryBackgroundThe use of metal‐containing bio‐devices is becoming increasingly common. Self‐reported history of dermatitis with metal exposure is not established as being predictive for metal allergy.ObjectivesTo assess the validity of two screening questions addressing metal allergy.MethodsAt Massachusetts General Hospital Contact Dermatitis Clinic, 2132 consecutive patients were asked either ‘Do you get rashes when jewellery touches your skin’ (Q1; N = 1816) or ‘Do you get rashes when metal touches your skin?’ (Q2; N = 316) before being patch tested.ResultsTesting showed that 20% of subjects had positive reactions to nickel, 7.4% had positive reactions to cobalt, and 5.8% had positive reactions to chromium. Q1 was 40% sensitive (95%CI: 35–45%). The positive predictive value (PPV) was 51%, and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 82%. Q2 was 77% sensitive (95%CI: 68–84%). The PPV was 71%, and the NPV was 84%. Q2 was 37% more sensitive than Q1 (p < 0.0001), with a higher relative risk (RR) (4.75, p < 0.001) than Q1 (RR = 3.01, p < 0.001).ConclusionsPatient‐reported metal allergy, although not perfect, is a reasonable method for metal allergy screening to help identify those needing further objective evaluation by patch testing.
Eating disorders in people with Type 1 diabetes: experiential perspectives of both clients and healthcare professionals
Authors: Macdonald P. , Kan C. , Stadler M. , De Bernier G. L. , Hadjimichalis A. , Le Coguic A.‐S. , Allan J. , Ismail K. , Treasure J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimsTo explore the experiential perspective of people with Type 1 diabetes mellitus and eating disorders and that of the healthcare professionals treating them, and to understand the experience of both sides to inform future development of healthcare services.MethodsParticipants were recruited from Diabetics with Eating Disorders (a national UK charity), and through professional networks. Nine partially/fully recovered individuals with Type 1 diabetes and eating disorders and eight healthcare professionals participated in semi‐structured interviews carried out by medically trained researchers. Data were transcribed and coded using a six‐stage framework of thematic analysis.ResultsFour superordinate themes and several subordinate themes emerged from the Type 1 diabetes and eating disorders dataset: (1) perceptions surrounding service provision; (2) reflections on the recovery process; (3) the experiential perspective of living with Type 1 diabetes and an eating disorder; and (4) support mechanisms. Healthcare professional data elicited three superordinate themes and several subordinate themes: (1) service provision; (2) personal insight and reflection of professional role; and (3) challenges of working with dual diagnoses.ConclusionPeople with Type 1 diabetes and eating disorders and their healthcare professionals provided insight into healthcare services from the patient and care delivery perspectives. There was general agreement from both groups that a multidisciplinary, collaborative (family inclusive), clinical approach to treatment is important, as well as adequate training opportunities for service providers. These findings may help to inform development strategies for multidisciplinary care approaches to Type 1 diabetes complicated by eating disorders.
Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade improves glucocorticoid‐induced skin atrophy but partially ameliorates anti‐inflammatory actions in an irritative model in human skin explants
Authors: Boix Julia , Nguyen Van Tuan , Farman Nicolette , Aractingi Sélim , Pérez Paloma 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe recently demonstrated that blockade of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) effectively ameliorated GC‐induced skin atrophy in healthy human skin explants and epidermal MR knockout mice. However, whether MR blockade improves the therapeutic index of glucocorticoids (GCs) in skin pathology was not investigated. We assessed the effects of GCs, MR antagonists (MRA) or both, in SDS‐treated human skin explants. All treatments restored SDS‐augmented epidermal thickness but only GC plus MRA restored the expression of COL1A1. However, MRA alone or in combination with GCs may exert a dual role in regulating inflammatory cytokines. Thus, although combined treatment may be beneficial to improve irritative skin, extensive in vivo testing is required to establish whether the anti‐inflammatory effects of GCs are maintained in the presence of MRA.
Analysis of dynamic characteristics of through‐wall cracks between 2 boreholes in the directed fracture controlled blasting
Authors: Wang Y. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThrough‐wall cracks between 2 boreholes in the directed fracture controlled blasting have been always concerned by researchers. Dynamic characteristics of through‐wall cracks between 2 boreholes and lateral crack propagation of boreholes in the double‐borehole slot mode and the synchronous blasting of boreholes were examined using the explosive loading digital dynamic caustics experiment system. And the effects of borehole loading mode and borehole clearance on through‐wall cracks between boreholes were examined using distinct lattice spring model numerical analysis, based on the experiment model. Findings show that the tips of through‐wall cracks between boreholes did not meet directly but staggered, continuously propagated after meeting, and moved closer to the existing anisotropic crack direction. The velocity and acceleration of crack propagation fluctuated. KI rapidly decreased from the maximum value, then gradually increased after a repeated volatility, and began to decrease after it reached the second peak. During the process of crack propagation, KII was basically smaller than KI. The dynamic energy release rate rapidly decreased from the maximum value, reached the second peak after the volatility, and gradually decreased again. The borehole loading mode and borehole clearance had significant effects on through‐wall cracks between boreholes.
Host specificity, infrequent major host switching and the diversification of highly host‐specific symbionts: The case of vane‐dwelling feather mites
Authors: Doña Jorge , Proctor Heather , Mironov Sergey , Serrano David , Jovani Roger 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimHighly host‐specific symbionts are very rarely found except with their typical host species. Although switches to new hosts are rare and difficult to detect, a switch to a host phylogenetically distant from the original one (a ‘major host switch’) could allow diversification of the symbionts onto the new host lineage. The consequences of such major host switches on the diversification of highly host‐specific symbionts of animals have rarely been explored. Here, we examine the host specificity of vane‐dwelling feather mites, a group that shows strong specificity, together with their host‐switching dynamics and the consequences of major host switches for their diversification.LocationGlobal.Time periodFrom 1882 to 2015.Major taxa studiedFeather mites and birds.MethodsUsing the largest published dataset of feather mite–bird associations, we analysed raw, phylogenetic and geographical host specificity of feather mites. We studied host‐switching dynamics by describing the sharing by feather mites of bird species with different phylogenetic distances. For three of the most species‐rich feather mite families, we quantified the consequences of major host switches for feather mite diversification.ResultsMost feather mite species (84%) inhabit one to three very closely related host species. Assemblages of feather mites on birds do not show a geographical signature, but rather show strong host‐driven structuring. The probability that a mite species occurs on two host species decays sharply with host phylogenetic distance, with only one instance of a feather mite species occupying distantly related hosts from different orders. However, results suggest that despite the strong host specificity, a few major host switches triggered the origin of 21% of the species and 38% of the genera of the mite families studied.Main conclusionsWe show that feather mites are highly host‐specific symbionts, whose assemblages do not show geographical structure, even at a continental scale. We conclude that major host switches are very rare events with strong macroevolutionary consequences for feather mite diversity.
Forage selectivity by cattle and sheep co‐grazing swards differing in plant species diversity
Authors: Cuchillo‐Hilario M. , Wrage‐Mönnig N. , Isselstein J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractInteractions between sward diversity and forage selectivity of cattle and sheep managed within mixed grazing systems are not fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of either mono‐ or co‐grazing of sheep and cattle on swards differing in botanical composition (either diverse or grass‐dominated) on the intake choices of six target forage species. Jacobs' selection index (JSI) was employed to quantify the preference for single target species in relation to their proportion in the sward. Results revealed distinct intake preferences of sheep and cattle; as expected, sheep were more selective than cattle. To a lesser extent, the sward composition had an effect on intake preferences: cattle responded to botanical composition by changing their intake preferences, but to a lesser extent than sheep. Phleum pratense was the most preferred target forage species (JSI = 0.62). Lolium perenne, Taraxacum sect. Ruderale and Trifolium repens were also highly preferred regardless of sward composition or type of grazing (JSI = 0.47, 0.32 and 0.27 respectively). Dactylis glomerata and Festuca pratensis tended to increase in abundance after grazing events in both diverse and grass‐dominated swards. Co‐grazing of cattle and sheep facilitated a more homogeneous consumption of the target forage species evaluated.
Measuring activities and participation in persons with haemophilia: A systematic review of commonly used instruments
Authors: Timmer M. A. , Gouw S. C. , Feldman B. M. , Zwagemaker A. , de Kleijn P. , Pisters M. F. , Schutgens R. E. G. , Blanchette V. , Srivastava A. , David J. A. , Fischer K. , van der Net J. 
Published: November 2017

IntroductionMonitoring clinical outcome in persons with haemophilia (PWH) is essential in order to provide optimal treatment for individual patients and compare effectiveness of treatment strategies. Experience with measurement of activities and participation in haemophilia is limited and consensus on preferred tools is lacking.AimThe aim of this study was to give a comprehensive overview of the measurement properties of a selection of commonly used tools developed to assess activities and participation in PWH.MethodsElectronic databases were searched for articles that reported on reliability, validity or responsiveness of predetermined measurement tools (5 self‐reported and 4 performance based measurement tools). Methodological quality of the studies was assessed according to the COSMIN checklist. Best evidence synthesis was used to summarize evidence on the measurement properties.ResultsThe search resulted in 3453 unique hits. Forty‐two articles were included. The self‐reported Haemophilia Acitivity List (HAL), Pediatric HAL (PedHAL) and the performance based Functional Independence Score in Haemophilia (FISH) were studied most extensively. Methodological quality of the studies was limited. Measurement error, cross‐cultural validity and responsiveness have been insufficiently evaluated.ConclusionAlbeit based on limited evidence, the measurement properties of the PedHAL, HAL and FISH are currently considered most satisfactory. Further research needs to focus on measurement error, responsiveness, interpretability and cross‐cultural validity of the self‐reported tools and validity of performance based tools which are able to assess limitations in sports and leisure activities.
Investigations into in situ Enterococcus faecalis biofilm removal by passive and active sodium hypochlorite irrigation delivered into the lateral canal of a simulated root canal model
Authors: Mohmmed S. A. , Vianna M. E. , Penny M. R. , Hilton S. T. , Mordan N. J. , Knowles J. C. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimTo investigate in situ Enterococcus faecalis biofilm removal from the lateral canal of a simulated root canal system using passive or active irrigation protocols.MethodologyRoot canal models (n = 43) were manufactured from transparent resin materials using 3D printing. Each canal was created with an 18 mm length, apical size 30, a .06 taper and a lateral canal of 3 mm length, with 0.3 mm diameter. Biofilms were grown in the lateral canal and apical 3 mm of the main canal for 10 days. Three models from each group were examined for residual biofilm using SEM. The other forty models were divided into four groups (n = 10). The models were observed under a fluorescence microscope. Following 60 s of 9 mL of 2.5% NaOCl irrigation using syringe and needle, the irrigant was either left stagnant in the canal or activated using gutta‐percha, sonic or ultrasonic methods for 30 s. Images were then captured every second using an external camera. The residual biofilm percentages were measured using image analysis software. The data were analysed using generalized linear mixed models. A significance level of 0.05 was used throughout.ResultsThe greatest level of biofilm removal was obtained with ultrasonic agitation (66.76%) followed by sonic (45.49%), manual agitation (43.97%) and passive irrigation groups (38.67%), respectively. The differences were significant between the residual biofilm in the passive irrigation and both sonic and ultrasonic groups (P = 0.001).ConclusionAgitation resulted in better penetration of 2.5% NaOCl into the lateral canal of an artificial root canal model. Ultrasonic agitation of NaOCl improved the removal of biofilm.
WHY DO CHILDREN TAKE CARE OF THEIR ELDERLY PARENTS? ARE THE JAPANESE ANY DIFFERENT?
Authors: Horioka Charles Yuji , Gahramanov Emin , Hayat Aziz , Tang Xueli 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe conduct a theoretical and empirical analysis of why children live with (or near) their parents and provide care and assistance to them using microdata from a Japanese household survey, the Osaka University Preference Parameter Study. We find that the Japanese are more likely to live with (or near) their elderly parents and/or to provide care and attention to them if they expect to receive a bequest from them, which constitutes strong support for the strategic bequest motive, but that their caregiving behavior is also heavily influenced by the strength of their altruism toward their parents and social norms.
SOCIAL INTERACTIONS IN LARGE NETWORKS: A GAME THEORETIC APPROACH
Authors: Xu Haiqing 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis article studies estimation of social interactions in a large network game, where all observations come from one single equilibrium of a network game with asymmetric information. Simple assumptions about the structure are made to establish the existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium. I show that the equilibrium strategies satisfy a network decaying dependence condition requiring that dependence between two players' decisions decay with their network distance, which serves as the basis for my statistical inference. Moreover, I establish identification and propose a computationally feasible and efficient estimation method, which is illustrated by an empirical application of college attendance.
Modelling the cross‐contamination of Listeria monocytogenes in pork during bowl chopping
Authors: Jiang Ronghua , Wang Xiang , Wang Wen , Liu Yangtai , Du Jianping , Cui Yang , Zhang Chunyan , Dong Qingli 
Published: November 2017

SummaryThis study has developed a predictive model for the cross‐contamination of pork by Listeria monocytogenes during bowl chopping. The transfer rates of L. monocytogenes were measured in sixteen chopping scenarios based on practical work. Meanwhile, contaminated bowl chopper was cleaned with either a dry rag (DR), warm water (WW) or 70% ethanol + water (EW), respectively. It was showed that significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed among the three cleaning methods on the reduction of L. monocytogenes, the greatest log reduction being achieved by EW. Moreover, the model introduced by a previous study, predicting cross‐contamination of L. monocytogenes during meat slicing, was improved and validated in this study. Verification results showed that the improved model was acceptable for predicting L. monocytogenes cross‐contamination during pork chopping with coefficients of determination (R2 > 0.82), accuracy factors (Af < 1.44), bias factors (Bf < 1.42), and root mean square error (RMSE < 0.99). Furthermore, the modified model might provide an effective tool for assessing the risk of the cross‐contamination of meat products.
Recruitment to adult habitats in terrestrial hermit crabs on the coast of Ishigakijima Island, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
Authors: Hamasaki Katsuyuki , Fujikawa Shunsuke , Iizuka Chikako , Sanda Tetsuya , Tsuru Takuma , Imai Hideyuki , Kitada Shuichi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractTerrestrial hermit crabs in the family Coenobitidae (genera Coenobita and Birgus) are distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. They occupy various habitats ranging from shore to inland forests, and the two shore‐dwelling species, Coenobita rugosus and C. violascens, possess different distributional characteristics on Ishigakijima Island, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Coenobita rugosus is distributed throughout the coast of the island and is abundant in beach areas, whereas C. violascens has mainly been found in river mouth areas. However, very little is known about the habitats used by the early life stages of coenobitid crabs because identifying the species of recently landed early juveniles is difficult. We tested whether the species compositions of early juveniles of coenobitids differed between beach and river mouth sites on Ishigakijima Island. We collected and identified the early stage coenobitids using PCR–RFLP techniques. A total of 576 early juveniles of five Coenobita species were collected, of which 0.7% were C. brevimanus, 7.3% were C. cavipes, 0.2% were C. purpureus, 70.1% were C. rugosus, and 21.7% were C. violascens. The early juveniles of Birgus latro were not found. The early juveniles of C. rugosus occurred at both beach and river mouth sites, and they were abundant at beach sites. The early juveniles of C. violascens were only found at river mouth sites. These findings indicate that C. rugosus and C. violascens complete their life cycles on land near the localities where they land. The early juveniles of the inland‐dwelling species, C. cavipes, were also mainly collected from river mouth sites, which suggested that juveniles of C. cavipes selected landing sites near river mouth areas and then migrated into the inland forests, passing through riverside areas. Our results highlighted the importance of river mouth areas for recruitment to adult habitats by some coenobitid species.
Toothbrushing behaviour and periodontal pocketing: An 11‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Joshi Shriraksha , Suominen Anna L. , Knuuttila Matti , Bernabé Eduardo 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimTo explore the association between toothbrushing behaviour and change in periodontal pocketing among adults.MethodsWe pooled data from 1,025 adults, aged 30–89 years, who participated in two national surveys in Finland (Health 2000 and Health 2011, BRIF8901) and reported their toothbrushing frequency. A cumulative measure of regular toothbrushing was created by counting the number of times participants reported brushing twice or more daily across the two surveys (ranging from 0 to 2). The association between toothbrushing behaviour and the number of teeth with periodontal pocket depth (PPD) ≥4 mm over 11 years was assessed in linear regression models adjusting for confounders.ResultsThere was a clear dose–response relationship between toothbrushing frequency (either at baseline or follow‐up) and change in number of teeth with PPD ≥ 4 mm. There was also evidence of a cumulative effect of regular toothbrushing on change in number of teeth with PPD ≥ 4 mm. Participants who reported brushing twice or more a day in both surveys developed 1.99 (95% CI: 1.02–2.95) fewer teeth with PPD ≥ 4 mm than those who did not report this behaviour in any survey.ConclusionThis 11‐year prospective study showed that toothbrushing behaviour was associated with smaller increments in the number of teeth with periodontal pocketing.
Assessment of biologically aggressive, recurrent glandular odontogenic cysts for mastermind‐like 2 (MAML2) rearrangements: histopathologic and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) findings in 11 cases
Authors: Greer Robert O. , Eskendri Jeffrey , Freedman Paul , Ahmadian Moni , Murakami‐Walter Aline , Varella‐Garcia Marileila 
Published: November 2017

BackgroundGlandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) demonstrates a significant predilection toward localized biologic aggressiveness and recurrence. GOC shares certain histopathologic features with intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma (IMEC). The current investigation evaluates a group of recurrent, biologically aggressive GOCs to determine whether any cases demonstrated unique histologic features or mastermind‐like2 (MAML2) rearrangements common to IMEC.MethodsMicroscopic slides from 11 previously diagnosed GOCs were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and assessed by 2 study participants for 10 classic histopathologic features required to establish a diagnosis of GOC. Cases were evaluated utilizing break‐apart fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis for the presence of MAML2 gene rearrangements. Clinical and demographic data on all patients were recorded.ResultsThe mean age for patients included in the study was 55.27 years with a range of 36 to 72 years. The most common presenting symptom was a jaw expansion, and all cysts presented initially as a unilocular or multilocular radiolucency. Cysts displayed a minimum of 6 of 10 histologic parameters necessary for a diagnosis of GOC. One case demonstrated MAML2 rearrangements by FISH. That case also showed marked ciliation of cyst‐lining epithelial cells and extensive mucous‐secreting goblet cell proliferation.ConclusionFindings in the current study are in concert with previous investigations, and although this study finds only limited molecular evidence to support the premise that recurrent biologically aggressive GOCs are a precursor to IMEC, detection of MAML2 rearrangements in 1 case suggests that such a theoretic transition, while rare, is possible.