bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BACTERIAL SYMBIONT BIOACTIVE COMPOUND OF SOFT CORAL Sinularia flexibilis AND S. polydactyla
Authors: Rozirwan . , Bengen Dietriech G. , Chaidir . , Zamani Neviaty P. , Effendi Hefni 
Published: January 2018

Symbiont bacteria on soft coral can produce bioactive compounds that plays an important role in chemical ecology and as a marine natural product. The purpose of this study was to find and characterize the antibacterial activities of active compounds extracted from bacterial symbionts of soft coral S. flexibilis and S. polydactyla. The methods used in this study were culture and isolation of bacterial symbionts, extraction of compounds, antibacterial bioassay, and identification of bioactive compounds using the LC-MS analyses. Four isolates of bacterial symbionts were obtained from two samples of soft corals, 2 isolates of Pseudomonas diminuta (A1) and Edwardsiellla hoshinae (A2) from soft coral S. flexibilis, and 2 isolates of E. hoshinae (B1) and P. acidovorans (B4) from S. polydactila. Antibacterial activity were found only from the extracts of bacterial symbionts P. diminuta (A1) and from S. flexiblis about 10.16 ± 0.3mm (for B. subtilis), 8.66 ± 0.8 mm (E. coli) and 9.86 ± 1.7mm (S. dysentri). No antibacterial activity found from the extracts of S. polydactyla. The results of LC MS analysis showed that the group of diterpenes sinularin produced by soft corals S. flexibilis and bacterial symbionts isolates of P. diminuta (A1).Keywords: Bacterial Symbiont, Bioactive Compound, Antibacterial Activity, Soft Coral, Sinularia flexibilis, Sinularia polydactyla
DOMINANT FACTORS AFFECTING SEDIMENT OXYGEN CONSUMPTION LEVEL IN INTENSIVE WHITE SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei) POND
Authors: Suwoyo Hidayat S. , Nirmala K. , Djokosetiyanto D. , Mulyaningrum Sri R.H. 
Published: January 2018

Sediment oxygen consumption level is an indicator of mineralization procces intensity and indicator of microorganism activity in the substrate, and also a description of dissolved oxygen consumption or utilization in a water body. This study aimed to evaluate factors of sediment quality which influenced sediment oxygen consumption level. The study was conducted at the experimental pond installation of Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture (RICA), in Punaga, Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi, using two units of 4000m2 intensive ponds with density of 50ind./m2. Rearing period was approxi-mately in 4months. Pond management was carried out in accordance with standard operating pro-cedures. Homogeneity between experimental units was approached by the uniformity of pond management including pond preparation, shrimp seed management, feed management,and water management. Sediment quality variables measured were redox potential, pH, total organic matter, sediment oxygen consumption, total bacteria, and production aspect. The results showed that the factors which have close relationship with the sediment oxygen consumption were redox potential, organic matter, and total bacteria. The model could be used to predict the sediment oxygen con-sumption on white shrimp pond with the following regression equation Y= 0.0000496 + 0.00025 organic matter + 0.00037 total bacteria - 0.00000948 potential redox with R2 = 0.847.Keywords: sediment oxygen consumption, sediment quality, pond, Litopenaeus vannamei
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PLANKTONIC DINOFLAGELLATE IN MAKASSAR WATERS, SOUTH SULAWESI
Authors: Mujib Abd Saddam , Damar Ario , Wardiatno Yusli 
Published: January 2018

The objectives of this study were to determine the harmful species of dinoflagellates, to determine the concentration of nutriens in surface waters, and to analyze factors affecting the ecological aspects of the harmful dinoflagellates. The results showed that there were 7 genus of dinoflagellates found in this study i.e., Ceratium spp., Gymnodinium sp., Dinophysis sp., Gonyaulax sp., Noctiluca sp., Protoperi-dinium spp., and Peridinium sp. Protoperidinium spp. and Ceratium spp. were the predominant species, with their abundance ranged of 9-659 cells/L and 6-556 cells/L, respectively. In temporal scale, values of DO and water light penetration were not significantly different (α>0.05), while for the parameter of nutriens, salinity, and abundance were significantly different (α<0.05). Total abundance of dinoflagellates was significantly correlated with nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphate, salinity, and DO. Harmful dinoflagellate species such as Dinophysis sp. (DSP), Gymnodinium spp. (NSP and PSP), Noctiluca sp. (anaerobic), and Gonyaulax sp. (anaerobic) were observed in the study area. The high concentration of ammonia (>1 mg/L) in the waters of Losari beach also indicated that the area was affected by anthropogenic activities. Minimizing nutrient inputs from the land was becoming the most priority measure to be done to avoid such effects related to dinoflagellate harmful algae bloms.Keywords: anthropogenic, dinoflagellates, harmful species, Makassar, nutrients.
DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR OF DISSOLVED AND PARTICULATE Pb AND Zn IN JENEBERANG ESTUARY, MAKASSAR
Authors: Najamuddin . , Prartono Tri , Sanusi Harpasis s. , Nurjaya I Wayan 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTDissolved and particulate heavy metals play a role in geochemical cycle as an agent in adsorption-desorption, deposition-resuspension, and dispersion mechanisms of heavy metals in water environment. The objectives of this research were to determine the distribution and behaviour of dissolved and particulate heavy metals Pb and Zn in different seasons (west and east seasons) at Jeneberang Estuary of Makassar. Concentrations of Pb and Zn were analysed using Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometry based on APHA, AWWA, WEF (2005). The concentration of dissolved Pb in the riverine, estuarine, and marine waters were in the range (average) of <0.002 mg/L (below detectable limit), 0.013-0.144 mg/L (0.047 mg/L), 0.016-0.198 mg/L (0.079 mg/L); and the concen-tration of dissolved Zn were in the range (average) of <0.002 mg/L (below detectable limit), <0.002-0.014 mg/L (0.005 mg/L), <0.002-0.083 mg/L (0.017 mg/L). Meanwhile, the concentration of parti-culate Pb were in the range (average) of 1.807-2.569 mg kg-1 (2.215 mg kg-1), 0.521-1.272 mg kg-1 (0.911 mg kg-1), 0.465-2.182 mg kg-1 (1.033 mg kg-1), and the concentration of particulate Zn were in the range (average) of 19.151-90.942 mg kg-1 (51.710 mg kg-1), 16.999-63.059 mg kg-1 (31.694 mg kg-1), 19.439-80.283 mg kg-1 (45.554 mg kg-1) in the riverine, estuarine and marine waters, respecti-vely. Behaviour of dissolved heavy metals Pb and Zn showed that the concentrations tended to increase (desorption) along the gradient of high salinity as a result of the higher heavy metals input from coastal region than that riverine regimes.Keywords: distribution, behaviour, dissolved, particulate, heavy metal, Jeneberang Estuary
DAMAGE LEVEL AND CLAIMED VALUE ESTIMATION OF DAMAGE MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM IN BINTAN BAY, BINTAN DISTRICT
Authors: Winarno Sigit , Effendi Hefni , Damar Ario 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTMangrove ecosystem in some regions of the Bintan Bay has suffered damage due to development of human settlements, developing of land transport infrastructure, and also logging by the community. The aim of this study was to assess the level of damage, factors affecting the damage, and to calculate the estimated value of claims for damaged mangrove ecosystem in the Bintan Bay, Bintan District. The results showed that mangrove vegetation in Bintan Bay consists of 16 species. Based on the analysis of standard criteria and guidelines for mangrove destruction KEPMENLH 201, 2004, the quality of mangroves in Bintan Bay was considered in a good criteria (very dense and medium) and damaged criteria (rare). The observation of satellite images from 1990 to 2013 showed that mangrove area decreased by 501.39 hectares or 27.1%. Contributing factor due to the decrease of mangrove trees was to fuel the manufacture of charcoal, construction of infrastructures such as roads, ports of fishing boats and also the establishment of the fish pond. Based on rehabilitation application scenario for 15 years, the total area of compensated mangrove due to its damage was 1091.727 hectares with rehabilitation cost of about Rp 30.372.391.000,00. Meanwhile, for 30 years scenario rehabilitation, the total damage mangrove area that should be compensated was 1743.406 hectares. Keywords : Bintan Bay, mangrove ecosystem, estimated value damage claims
BIOLOGICAL BASE OF SKIPJACK AS THE FOUNDATION FOR SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES MANAGEMENT IN THE NORTH MALUKU PROVINCE
Authors: Karman Amirul , Martasuganda Sulaeman , A. Sondita M. Fedi , Baskoro Mulyono S. 
Published: January 2018

Skipjacks in the western and southern waters of North Maluku Province were caught using pole and line with FADs. Skipjack usually swims near the surface water and tends to be classified as a juvenile skipjack that caught during fishing activities. The study objective was to analyze biological data of skipjack including length weight relationship, growth, length at first maturity/lm and catch size, size composition and gonad maturity. Skipjack samples were caught in the waters of the western (zone A) and southern (zone b) areas of North Maluku Province, from April 2012 until May 2013. The sudy results show the value bof skipjack caught around FADs at zone A and B were similar as b=3. This indicates that the growth of skipjack in both areas was categorized as in isometric pattern. L∞ of skipjack caught at zone A was 75 cm at the age of 56 months and at zone B was 76 cm at the age of 56 months. Lm value skipjack caught in zone A and zone B was obtained by 43 cm, with a range of long-forked skipjack caught in zone A from 26.0 to 72.0 cm, and at zone B from 26- to 71 cm , The gonad maturity at zone A and B, was obtained in the similar stages as maturity stages I, II, III,IV, and V. TKG V of the skipjack caught around FADs zone A is found in March and B in July, so it can be presumed skipjack in two zones throughout the year with peak spawning occurs in March for zone A and B in July.Keywords: Biological base, skipjack, fishery management, North Maluku
TOTAL HEMOCYTES, GLUCOSE HEMOLYMPH, AND PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE OF SPINY LOBSTER Panulirus homarus CULTURED IN THE INDIVIDUAL COMPARTMENTS SYSTEM
Authors: Pratiwi Rifqah , Supriyono Eddy , Widanarni . 
Published: January 2018

Cannibalism can cause high mortality in a lobster culture. To prevent cannibalism, an artificial shel-ter is needed like the individual compartments system (ICS) to ensure that there is no contact bet-ween lobsters. This study aimed to evaluate the application of ICS on total hemocytes glucose hemo-lymph, production performance, and determine the shape of more effective ICS to minimize stress level of lobster. The treatments used for various application shape of ICS was tubular ICS, triangle ICS, square ICS, and shelter PVC pipes as control. Lobster maintenance was conducted in outdoor for 60 days. The results indicated that physiological responses with square ICS treatment were more effective to reduce stress level compared with other treatments (p<0.05). Application of ICS was more optimal to improved SR (p<0.05) and growth of lobster (p>0.05). Overall, treatment of square ICS was opti-mal related to production performance i.e. SR 88.89±5.24%, SGR 0.61±0.49%/day, with harvest size of total length 137.31±8.11 mm/ind, weight 58.83±4.78 g/ind, and FCR 22.71±1.72. Application of ICS in lobster culture was effective to reduce stress level as indicated from total hemocytes and gluco-se hemolymph, and support optimal production performance. Lobster culture using a square ICS sha-pe was effective to minimize stress level, compared with tubular ICS and triangle ICS.Keywords: cannibalism, glucose, hemocytes, individual compartments system, lobster, production
WATERS CARRYING CAPACITY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF SEAWEED CULTURE OF Eucheuma cottonii IN LUWU AND PALOPO DISTRICTS, BONE BAY, SOUTH SULAWESI
Authors: Waluyo . , Yonvitner . , Riani Etty , Arifin Taslim 
Published: January 2018

In seaweed Eucheuma cottonii cultures, a water carrying capacity is an important factor to optimize the seaweed culture. Carrying capacity can be determined by an ecological footprint production (EFp) analysis. This research was conducted in May 2015 (1st transitional season) and September 2015 (2nd transitional season) in Luwu and Palopo distircts, South Sulawesi. Map and land use were analyzed using GIS (Geographic Information Systems). The result showed that the ecological foot-print production (EFP) in Luwu waters was 67.88 ton/capita/year or equivalent to 235,823.93 tons/ year. However, based on the analysis of the water availability for seaweed was 59,781.79 hectares, it can produce seaweed (biocapacity) for 1,437,779.60 tons/year and the number of farmers that allows for use the waters is 21,432 capita. The ecological footprint production (EFp) in Palopo waters is 3.08 ton/capita/year, or equivalent to 4,589.99 tons/year. Water availability analysis is 1,771. 41 hectares are able to produce seaweed (biocapacity) for 18,287.46 ton/year and the number of far-mers that allows for use the waters is 635 farmers capita. The results comparison between biocapa-ci-ty and ecological footprint, ecological status for Luwu and Palopo waters are still in sustainable use.
LINK OF Pharella acutidens ABUNDANCE AND MANGROVE HABITAT IN CEMPI BAY, DOMPU REGENCY, WEST NUSA TENGGAR
Authors: Dermawan Awan , Setyobudiandi Isdradjat , Krisanti Majariana 
Published: January 2018

Pharella acutidens clam is a bivalve lives in mangrove ecosystem substrate, that is one of protein source for Dompu’s people. the existence of pharella acutidens in Cempi Bay, Dompu begin difficult to collect due to mangrove area has been reduced by result of land conversion from mangrove ekosistem area to estuary aquaculture pond and mangrove timber exploitation by local community as well as the Pharella acutidens routin exploitation, these factor may has influenced the existence of Pharella acutidens clam in the Cempi Bay mangrove ecosystem. This study aims to determine the condition of the Pharella acutidens clams located in the mangrove ecosystem Cempi bay, which in is an abundance on different conditions mangrove vegetation an abundance of Pharella acutidens clams tended more on high density and high basal area sites as well as the size of the clams. Varied habitats, from the density of 1.333 trees/ha up to 3.300 trees/ha, the basal area and the diverse species of mangrove, making this study an interesting thing This journal is part of the research that explains positive influence between total basal area of mangrove vegetation (∑Ci) and abundance of Pharella acutidens, by simple regression analysis. The result showed that total basal area of mangrove vegetation (∑Ci) positively influencing abundance of P. acutidens clams with equation y = 0,3038x + 3,887 and R2 = 0,9579.
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF MACROALGA Gracilaria sp. IN BATCH SYSTEM TO PRODUCE BIO-METHANE
Authors: Kawaroe Mujizat , Hasanudin Udin , Krisye . 
Published: January 2018

This study aimed to determine the potential of bio-methane produced by Gracilaria sp. in a batch system. The experiment was conducted in batch system and it was initiated by acclimatization process (12 days) and ended methane production process (30 days). The results showed that biochemical properties of Gracilaria sp. are carbohydrate 65.46 ± 0.58%, lignin 13.20 ± 2.23%, TOC (Total Organic Carbon) 33.39 ± 0.23%, Nitrogen 1.12 ± 0.01%, and C/N ratio 29.82. Acclimatization proceeded successfully and it was indicated by 62.7 L biogas of 4.025 L of substrate Gracilaria sp. produced within a pH range of 6.2 - 7.1. The batch method of anaerobic biodegradation showed that 4 kg of Gracilaria sp. can produced 131.1 L of biogas containing methane and 46.7 L or 11.6 L CH4 /kg.
ANALYSIS OF SECONDARY METABOLITES, ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND COMPOUND COMPOSITION IN THE SEA CUCUMBER Bohadschia sp. EXTRACT
Authors: Rasyid Abdullah 
Published: January 2018

Bohadschia sp. is one of the sea cucumber species that has potential to be developed as a source of antibacterial from the sea. Samples of sea cucumber Bohadschia sp. used in this study collected from the Ratai bay waters, Lampung. This study aims to determine the type of secondary metabolites, antibacterial activity and compound composition analysis containing in the sea cucumber extract. Identification of secondary metabolites by observation of color reactions, precipitation and foam. The method used to antibacterial activity test was the agar diffusion method, while identification of the composition of compounds performed with Gas Chromatogaphy-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) method.Top of FormThe results showed that the type of secondary metabolites contained in the extract of sea cucumber Bohadschia sp. were steroids and saponins. The extract of sea cucumber Bohadschia sp. showed antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Vibrio eltor. Results of GC-MS were 12 compounds and have a similarity index same or more than 90%. All compounds consist of organosilicon cyclic, fatty acid, steroid, cyclo alkene and alkena. The compound with biggest abundance was cholest-5-en-3-yl nonanoate (4.89%) and retention time was 37.370 minutes.
SUSTAINABILITY OF FISHERY POND POLYCULTURE WITH AND WITHOUT MANGROVE INTEGRATION
Authors: Dolorosa Eva , Masyhuri . , Lestari . , Jamhari . 
Published: January 2018

This research aims to analyze the sustainability of two types of fishery pond polyculture of milkfish-tiger shrimp with and without mangrove integration on small-scale farms. Sustainability dimensions considered in this research included are the ecology, economy, social-culture, technology-infrastructure, and laws-institutions as the dimensions analyzed. The performance of each aspect was analyzed by using Multi-dimensional scaling (Rapfish) and leverage analysis. The result shows that the current multidimensional sustainability status of the fishery pond polyculture both with and without mangrove integration was less sustainable (sustainability index of 44.98 and 36.18 respectively). The result of leverage analysis indicates that out of 73 attributes, there were 16 and 23 sensitive attributes respectively that affect the sustainability of polyculture fishpond with and without mangrove integration. These attributes should be managed immediately in order to improve the sustainability index of fishery pond polyculture, this includes organic pesticides application, source of capital, the availability of seeds of milkfish and tiger shrimp, market location, selling price, waste treatment technology, availability of agribusiness facilities and infrastructure, aquaculture technology, information technology, standardizing the quality of fishery products, availability of micro finance institution and others.
CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT IN AREA OF EASTERN COASTAL WATER CONSERVATION WEH ISLAND SABANG
Authors: Najmi Nurul , Boer Mennofatria , Yulianda Fredinan 
Published: January 2018

Coral reef ecosystem is important for coastal resources.Damage of Coral reefs resulted in de-gradation of population and fishes reef diversity. The East coast ofWeh Island in Sabang designated as conversation area that has aim to keep coral reefs from destructive utilization activites.The purpose of this study was to know the status of coral reefecosystemsmanagement in marine protected areaEast CoastWeh Island, Sabang and to analyze theattributessensitivelyfromthedimension ofecological,socio-economicand institutional sector.The methodthat used toknow the statusof the sustainablemanagementis RAPFISHanalysis.Dimensions oftheecologycan be known by measuring the coral growth used thePointInterceptTransect,reef fishabundanceusedUnderwaterVisualCensusFishmethod.Socio-economicand institutionaldimensionswill be collected through Focus Group Discussion(FGD) and help by questionnaires.Management status of coral reef ecosystems in the region of the East coast Weh islandmultidimensionallyindicatesthat it was quitesustainable.The most sensitiveattributeofthe managementisthe growth ofsaplings ofcorals,reef fishabundance,conflicts betweenfishermen,the public perceptionagainstthe abundance of fish, the role of the community, and the fishingmanagements.
BIODIVERSITY OF REEF FISHES IN MARINE PROTECTED AREA OF KARIMUNJAWA NATIONAL PARK
Authors: Yuliana Ernik , Boer Mennofatria , Fahrudin Achmad , Kamal M. Mukhlis 
Published: January 2018

Karimunjawa National Park (KNP) has a high diversity of coral reef and fish. This study is aimed to analyze the biodiversity of reef fish in KNP. Field survey was conducted in KNP, District of Jepara, Central Java, in April-Juni 2015. Primary data was obtained by using survey and observation method, includes the number of reef fish individuals per family, coral cover, turbidity, total nitrogen (N), and PO4. Secondary data were obtained from KNP authority. Belt transect method was used for counting the number of reef fish individuals, while coral cover was measured using line intercept transect (LIT) method. Abundance and biomass of reef fishes were analyzed descriptively, followed by cluster analysis. The results indicated that the average of coral cover in 2015 was 44.70%. The highest coral cover was in Taka Malang with 65.65% and the lowest was in Nirwana with 35.45%. The reef fish’s abundance in 2015 was dominated by Pomacentridae (60.46%) with an abundance of 14,850 no/ha, the second position was Caesionidae (11.77%) with an abundance of 2,892 no/ha, the third was Scaridae (6.27%) with an abundance of 1,540 no/ha. The highest biomass in 2015 was Scaridae (122.33 kg/ha), the second order was Caesionidae (104.91 kg/ha), and the third was Serranidae (50.80 kg/ha). Reef fish biodiversity in KNP is considering properly maintained, as demonstrated by high abundance and biomass of fish families. Keywords: biodiversity, reef fish, Karimunjawa, marine protected area
BATHYMETRY CHANGES ANALYSIS IN SERANG DISTRICT WATERS CAUSED BY SEABED SAND EXPLOITATION
Authors: Rahmawan Guntur Adhi , Husrin Semeidi , Prihantono Joko 
Published: January 2018

Morphological changes. i.e. shoreline change and bathymetry change of Serang District were significantly influence by natural factors as well as human activities of sand mining (seabed sand exploitation). Bathymetric data were obtained through direct bathymetry measurements using Single-Beam Echosounder (Echotrac CVM Teledyne Odom Hydrographic) and GPS- Real Time Kinematic (RTK) as well as through secondary data from digitization data of DISHIDROS and LPI BIG. The data obtained is then processed to obtain the volume of moved bed sediment using 2 different topography overlays, from the bathymetry analysis result, we obtained the volume of natural sediment transported is 95,800 m3 with the value of average thickness is 0.036 m. therefore, the volume which is caused by human factors (sand mining activities during 2003-2013) is 5,578,470 m3 with the sand mining area extents of 261.9 Ha. Resulting the small basin with 2.13 m depth. Keywords: bathymetry, lontar village, morphology, sand mining, coastal zone