bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responses of microbial community composition and CAZymes encoding gene enrichment in ensiled
Elymus nutans
to altitudinal gradients in alpine region
Authors: Li Fuhou , Jia Mengya , Chen Hu , Chen Mengyan , Su Rina , Usman Samaila , Ding Zitong , Hao Lizhuang , Franco Marcia , Guo Xusheng 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

High-throughput metagenomic sequence technology was employed to evaluate changes in microbial community composition and carbohydrate-active enzymes encoding gene enrichment status in
Elymus nutans
silages to altitudinal gradients in the world’s highest alpine region of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP).
E. nutans
were collected from three different altitudes in QTP: 2,600 m (low altitude), 3600 m (moderate altitude), and 4,600 m [high (H) altitude], and ensiled for 7, 14, 30, and 60 d. Results indicated an improvement in silage quality with the increasing altitude, although the acetic acid concentration and dry matter loss were greater in H altitude silages after 30 d of ensiling. Harmful bacteria or potential pathogens predominated in the microbial community on d 7 and 14 of fermentation, while genera belonging to lactic acid bacteria gradually became the main microorganisms with the increasing altitude on d 30 and 60 of ensiling. The abundance of carbohydrate-active enzymes genes responsible for macromolecular carbohydrate degradation in silage increased with increasing altitude, and those genes were mainly carried by
Lactiplantibacillus
and
Pediococcus
at 30 and 60 d of ensiling. The abundance of key enzymatic genes associated with glycolysis and organic acid production in carbohydrate metabolism pathway was higher in H altitude silages, and
Lactiplantibacillus
and
Pediococcus
were also the main hosts after 30 d of silage fermentation, except for the fact that acetic acid production was also related to genera
Leuconostoc
,
Latilactobacillus
, and
Levilactobacillus
.

IMPORTANCE

The fermentation quality of
Elymus nutans
silage was getting better with the increase of altitude in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The abundance of hosts carrying carbohydrate-active enzymes genes and key enzyme genes related to organic acid production increased with increasing altitude during the later stages of fermentation.
Lactiplantibacillus
and
Pediococcus
were the core microorganisms responsible for both polysaccharide hydrolysis and silage fermentation in the late stage of ensiling. This study provided insights on the influence of different altitudes on the composition and function of silage microbiome in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and provided a reference approach for improving the quality and controllability of silage production in high altitude areas of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
Serum isthmin-1 is a potential biomarker for metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease in patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lei Xiaohui , Chen HaiYan , Xu YuXin , Yang Zhuoran , Zhang Lili , Wang Cong , Du Hu 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionMetabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a prevalent condition in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Isthmin-1 (ISM1) is an adipokine that promotes glucose uptake and improves glucose tolerance and hepatic steatosis. Although ISM1 has been shown to be associated with T2DM, its role in patients with MAFLD and metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains insufficiently examined. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum ISM1 and MAFLD in patients with T2DM and the potential involvement of MetS in this association.Research design and methodsA total of 250 participants were divided into four groups: 60 patients with T2DM and MAFLD, 60 with newly diagnosed T2DM, 60 with MAFLD, and 70 healthy controls. Serum ISM1 levels were measured using ELISA. The distribution of ISM1 concentration in the combined data was divided into quartiles, and the Cochran-Armitage trend test was performed to estimate the significant trends across increasing quartiles.ResultsCompared with the controls, patients with coexisting MAFLD, MetS, and T2DM exhibited significantly elevated serum ISM1 concentrations. Serum ISM1 levels in the overweight/obese group were also higher than those in the lean group. Serum ISM1 levels were positively correlated with body mass index (BMI), uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and negatively associated with age and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). BMI, TC, and HDL-C were independently associated with serum ISM1 concentration. The relative risks for MAFLD, T2DM, and T2DM with MAFLD increased significantly with higher ISM1 quartiles. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between serum ISM1 levels and the number of MetS components, with the elevated plasma levels of ISM1 escalating the risk of developing MetS to some extent.ConclusionsThe combination of ISM1 with TG and UA was identified as the best predictive factor for diagnosing MAFLD and MetS, potentially due to their contribution to aggravating the metabolic state.
Prevalence and associated factors of psychological distress among patients with breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tang Wen-Zhen , Mangantig Ernest , Iskandar Yulita Hanum P , Cheng Shi-li , Yusuf Azlina , Jia Kui 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThis paper aims to evaluate the literature on the prevalence of psychological distress and its associated factors in patients with breast cancer.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang were searched from inception to 11 June 2024.Eligibility criteriaStudies reported data on the prevalence and correlates of psychological distress were included. Review, letter, conference abstracts and articles not available in English and Chinese were excluded.Data extraction and synthesisTwo researchers independently conducted literature screening, data extraction and bias risk assessment. Meta-analysis was employed to estimate the prevalence and correlates of psychological distress in patients with breast cancer. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were used for quality assessment. Meta-analysis was performed by using the R V.4.1.1 software.ResultsIn total, 34 studies representing 13 828 patients with breast cancer were included in the study. Most of the studies were cross-sectional study (n=25, 73.53%%). The pooled prevalence of psychological distress was 50% (95% CI 42% to 58%, I2=98%). Results showed that psychological distress was positively correlated with younger age (z=0.13, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.20), having children (z=0.39, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.61), poor financial situation (z=0.12, 95% CI −0.03 to 0.26), short time since diagnosis (z=0.19, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.36), previous treatment (z=0.15, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.27), distant metastasis (z=0.31, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.52), chemotherapy (z=0.22, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.38), prior emotional status (z=0.40, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.50), body image damaged (z=0.10, 95% CI −0.01 to 0.21), negative coping (z=0.12, 95% CI −0.11 to 0.34), communication avoidance (z=0.32, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.39) and negatively correlated with married (z=−0.25, 95% CI 0.45 to −0.02), high education level (z=−0.19, 95% CI −0.40 to 0.05), having insured (z=−0.04, 95% CI −0.15 to 0.08), full employment (z=−0.40, 95% CI −0.61 to −0.14), time of completion of treatment (z=−0.12, 95% CI −0.30 to −0.06), surgery (z=−0.05, 95% CI −0.53 to 0.45), social support (z=−0.18, 95% CI −0.29 to −0.06), post-traumatic growth (z=−0.19, 95% CI −0.34 to −0.03), good physical conditions (z=−0.17, 95% CI −0.29 to −0.04), positive coping (z=−0.22, 95% CI −0.53 to 0.15).ConclusionOur findings indicated that the prevalence of psychological distress in patients with breast cancers was 50% and 21 correlates of psychological distress. Screening and evidence-based interventions are urgent and essential to address this public concern and promote the health of patients with breast cancer.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023397109.
Impact of increasing post-filter ionised calcium target on regional citrate anticoagulation efficacy in ICU continuous renal replacement therapy: the non-inferiority randomised controlled Ca-CIBLE protocol
Authors: Assefi Mona , Braik Rayan , James Arthur , Clavieras Noémie , Baron Elodie , Blanchard Florian , Constantin Jean-Michel 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionContinuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is a critical therapeutic intervention for patients with severe acute kidney injury in intensive care. However, premature filter clotting remains a significant challenge during CRRT, impacting treatment efficacy, costs and patient outcomes. Anticoagulation is essential to maintain circuit patency, with regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) emerging as a preferred strategy due to its favourable bleeding profile. The standard target for post-filter ionised calcium (iCa) concentration during RCA-CRRT is set between 0.25 and 0.35 mmol/L, although evidence supporting this range is limited. We hypothesise that a higher post-filter iCa target (0.35–0.45 mmol/L) can provide comparable circuit patency while potentially reducing adverse effects associated with citrate administration.Methods and analysisThis multicentre randomised controlled non-inferiority trial will compare a low post-filter iCa target (0.25–0.35 mmol/L) with a higher post-filter iCa target (0.35–0.45 mmol/L) in patients undergoing RCA-CRRT in the intensive care unit. A total of 412 CRRT sessions will be randomised with a 1:1 ratio into these two groups. The primary outcome is the incidence of filter clotting. Secondary outcomes include filter lifespan, post-filter iCa levels, citrate infusion rates, the occurrence of metabolic adverse effects, financial costs and blood loss.Ethics and disseminationThe study has obtained approval from the ethics committee (Ethics Committee Est III, Nancy, France) and patients will be included after providing informed consent. The results will be disseminated at academic conferences and in peer-reviewed publications. All procedures were developed in order to assure data protection and confidentiality.Trial registration numberNCT05814341.
Unilateral biportal endoscopic versus microscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis in China: study protocol for a prospective, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial
Authors: Wu Zizhao , Luo Ting , Yang Yang , Pang Mao , Chen Ruiqiang , Xie Peigen , Yang Bu , He Lei , Huang Zifang , Li Shangfu , Dong Jianwen , Liu Bin , Rong Limin , Zhang Liangming 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionDegenerative lumbar spinal stenosis is a common cause of low back or leg pain and disability in the elderly population. Patients with spinal stenosis who fail to respond to conservative treatment often require surgical interventions. Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) with microscopic tubular technique (MT-TLIF) is a well-established procedure for lumbar spinal stenosis. Recently, a novel MIS technique, unilateral biportal endoscopic TLIF (UBE-TLIF), has been frequently performed to treat spinal stenosis. However, the efficacy and safety of using UBE-TLIF in this population have not been well examined.Methods and analysisA total of 96 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis will be randomly assigned to the UBE-TLIF group or the MT-TLIF group at a 1:1 ratio to receive UBE-TLIF or MT-TLIF treatment respectively. The primary outcome is the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score at 1 year after receiving the surgery. Secondary outcomes include the ODI scores at additional time points, Visual Analogue Scale score, 36-Item Short Form Survey questionnaire, EuroQol 5 Dimensions questionnaire, radiological measurements (disc height, lumbar lordosis angles and vertebral fusion rate) and general condition during hospitalisation.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol is approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. All participants of the study will be well informed and written informed consent will be requested. Findings from this trial will be published in peer-reviewed publications, specifically in orthopedic and spinal journals. The completion of this study will not only examine the use of UBE-TLIF in lumbar spinal stenosis but also provide helpful clinical references.Trial registration numberChiCTR2300069333.
Information exchange, responsibilities and expectation management in interhospital transfers: a qualitative study of hospital medicine physicians and advanced practice providers
Authors: Yu Amy , McBeth Lauren , Westcott Claire , Nicklas Jacinda M , Mueller Stephanie , Dorsey Holliman Brooke , Ozkaynak Mustafa , Jones Christine D 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe transfer of patients between hospitals, known as interhospital transfer (IHT), is associated with higher rates of mortality, longer lengths of stay and greater resource utilisation compared with admissions from the emergency department. To characterise the IHT process and identify key barriers and facilitators to IHT care, we examined the experiences of physician and advanced practice provider (APP) hospital medicine clinicians who care for IHT patients transferred to their facility.MethodsQualitative descriptive study using semistructured interviews with adult medicine hospitalists from an academic acute care hospital that accepts approximately 4000 IHT patients annually. A combined inductive and deductive coding approach guided thematic analysis.ResultsWe interviewed 30 hospitalists with a mean of 5.7 years of experience. Two-thirds of interviewees were physicians and one-third were APPs.They described IHTs as challenging when (1) exchanged information was incomplete, inaccurate, extraneous, and/or untimely, (2) uncertainty impacted care responsibilities and (3) healthcare team members and patients had differing care expectations. As a result, participants described patient safety issues such as delays in care and inappropriate triage of patients due to incomplete communication of clinical status changes.Recommended improvement strategies include (1) dedicated individuals performing IHT tasks to improve consistency of information exchanged and relationships with transferring clinicians, (2) standardised scripts and documentation, (3) bidirectional communication, (4) interdisciplinary training and (5) shared understanding of care needs and expectations.ConclusionsPhysicians and APP hospital medicine clinicians at an accepting hospital found information exchange, care responsibilities and expectation management challenging in IHT. In turn, hospitalists perceived a negative impact on IHT patient care and safety. Highly reliable and timely information transfer, standardisation of IHT processes and clear interdisciplinary communication may facilitate improved care for IHT patients.
Influence of vitamin D supplementation on muscle strength and exercise capacity in Mongolian schoolchildren: secondary outcomes from a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ganmaa Davaasambuu , Hemmings Stephanie , Jolliffe David A , Buyanjargal Uyanga , Garmaa Gantsetseg , Adiya Unaganshagai , Tumurbaatar Tumenulzii , Dorjnamjil Khulan , Tserenkhuu Enkhtsetseg , Erdenenbaatar Sumiya , Tsendjav Enkhjargal , Enkhamgalan Nomin , Achtai Chuluun-Erdene , Talhaasuren Yagaantsetseg , Byambasuren Tuya , Ganbaatar Erdenetuya , Purevdorj Erkhembulgan , Martineau Adrian R 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveTo determine whether weekly oral vitamin D supplementation influences grip strength, explosive leg power, cardiorespiratory fitness or spirometric lung volumes in Mongolian schoolchildren.MethodsMulticentre, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted in children aged 6–13 years at baseline attending 18 schools in Ulaanbaatar. The intervention was weekly oral doses of 14 000 IU vitamin D3(n=4418) or placebo (n=4433) for 3 years. Outcome measures were grip strength, standing long jump distance and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations (determined in all participants), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak, determined in a subset of 632 participants using 20 m multistage shuttle run tests) and spirometric outcomes (determined in a subset of 1343 participants).Results99.8% of participants had serum 25(OH)D concentrations <75 nmol/L at baseline, and mean end-study 25(OH)D concentrations in children randomised to vitamin D versus placebo were 77.4 vs 26.7 nmol/L (mean difference 50.7 nmol/L, 95% CI 49.7 to 51.4). However, vitamin D supplementation did not influence mean grip strength, standing long jump distance, VO2peak, spirometric lung volumes or peak expiratory flow rate, either overall or within subgroups defined by sex, baseline 25(OH)D concentration <25 vs ≥25 nmol/L or calcium intake <500 vs ≥500 mg/day.ConclusionA 3-year course of weekly oral supplementation with 14 000 IU vitamin D3elevated serum 25(OH)D concentrations in Mongolian schoolchildren with a high baseline prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. However, this intervention did not influence grip strength, explosive leg power, peak oxygen uptake or spirometric lung volumes, either overall or in subgroup analyses.Trial registration numberNCT02276755.
User-driven instructions reduce errors in child restraint use: a randomised controlled trial in Sydney, Australia
Authors: Brown Julie , Keay Lisa , Elkington Jane , Dai Wennie , Ho Catherine , Charlton Judith , Koppel Sjaan , McCaffery Kirsten , Hayen Andrew , Bilston Lynne E 
Published: September 2024

Background and objectivesCrash injury risk is reduced when a child correctly uses an appropriate restraint; however, incorrect restraint use remains widespread. The aim of this study was to determine whether product information developed using a user-driven approach increases correct child restraint use.MethodsWe conducted a two-arm double-blinded parallel randomised controlled trial in New South Wales, Australia 2019–2021. Participants were current drivers who were either an expectant parent or a parent of at least one child residing in the greater Sydney metropolitan area who were interested in purchasing a new child restraint. The intervention was user-driven product information consisting of instructions printed on an A3 sheet of paper, swing tags with key reminders and a video accessed via Quick Response codes printed on the materials. The control group received a postcard summarising legal child restraint requirements. The primary outcome was the correctness of child restraint use observed during home visit approximately 6 months after restraint purchase. Correct use was defined as no serious error or <2 minor errors. The secondary outcome was a count of observed errors.Results427 participants were recruited. Home visits were conducted for 372 (190 intervention and 182 control). Correct use was more common in the intervention group (37.4%) compared with the control group (24.2%, p=0.006). Participants receiving the intervention were 1.87 times more likely to correctly use their restraint than those in the control group (95% CI 1.19 to 2.93).ConclusionsThe results provide evidence for the effectiveness of user-driven instructions as a countermeasure to restraint misuse.Trial registration numberACTRN12617001252303.
Rare disease genomic testing in the UK and Ireland: promoting timely and equitable access
Authors: Ellard Sian , Morgan Sian , Wynn Sarah L , Walker Susan , Parrish Andrew , Mein Rachael , Juett Ana , Ahn Joo Wook , Berry Ian , Cassidy Emma-Jane , Durkie Miranda , Fish Louise , Hall Richard , Howard Emma , Rankin Julia , Wright Caroline F , Deans Zandra C , Scott Richard H , Hill Sue L , Baple Emma L , Taylor Robert W 
Published: September 2024

Purpose and scopeThe aim of this position statement is to provide recommendations regarding the delivery of genomic testing to patients with rare disease in the UK and Ireland. The statement has been developed to facilitate timely and equitable access to genomic testing with reporting of results within commissioned turnaround times.Methods of statement developmentA 1-day workshop was convened by the UK Association for Clinical Genomic Science and attended by key stakeholders within the NHS Genomic Medicine Service, including clinical scientists, clinical geneticists and patient support group representatives. The aim was to identify best practice and innovations for streamlined, geographically consistent services delivering timely results. Attendees and senior responsible officers for genomic testing services in the UK nations and Ireland were invited to contribute.Results and conclusionsWe identified eight fundamental requirements and describe these together with key enablers in the form of specific recommendations. These relate to laboratory practice (proportionate variant analysis, bioinformatics pipelines, multidisciplinary team working model and test request monitoring), compliance with national guidance (variant classification, incidental findings, reporting and reanalysis), service development and improvement (multimodal testing and innovation through research, informed by patient experience), service demand, capacity management, workforce (recruitment, retention and development), and education and training for service users. This position statement was developed to provide best practice guidance for the specialist genomics workforce within the UK and Ireland but is relevant to any publicly funded healthcare system seeking to deliver timely rare disease genomic testing in the context of high demand and limited resources.
Opioid-related mortality after occupational injury in Washington State: accounting for preinjury opioid use
Authors: Boden Leslie I , Asfaw Abay , O'Leary Paul K , Tripodis Yorghos , Busey Andrew , Applebaum Katie M , Fox Matthew P 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesTo estimate the impact of occupational injury and illness on opioid-related mortality while accounting for confounding by preinjury opioid use.MethodsWe employed a retrospective cohort study design using Washington State workers’ compensation data for 1994–2000 injuries linked to US Social Security Administration earnings and mortality data and National Death Index (NDI) cause of death data from 1994 to 2018. We categorised injuries as lost-time versus medical-only, where the former involved more than 3 days off work or permanent disability. We determined death status and cause of death from NDI records. We modelled separate Fine and Gray subdistribution hazard ratios (sHRs) and 95% CIs for injured men and women for opioid-related and all drug-related mortality through 2018. We used quantitative bias analysis to account for unmeasured confounding by preinjury opioid use.ResultsThe hazard of opioid-related mortality was elevated for workers with lost-time relative to medical-only injuries: sHR for men: 1.53, 95% CI 1.41 to 1.66; for women: 1.31, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.48. Accounting for preinjury opioid use, effect sizes were reduced but remained elevated: sHR for men was 1.43, 95% simulation interval (SI) 1.20 to 1.69; for women: 1.27, 95% SI 1.10 to 1.45.ConclusionsOccupational injuries and illnesses severe enough to require more than 3 days off work are associated with an increase in the hazard of opioid-related mortality. The estimated increase is reduced when we account for preinjury opioid use, but it remains substantial. Reducing work-related injuries and postinjury opioid prescribing and improving employment and income security may decrease opioid-related mortality.