bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Azole resistance inCandida albicansfrom animals: Highlights on efflux pump activity and gene overexpression
Authors: Rocha Marcos Fábio Gadelha , Bandeira Silviane Praciano , de Alencar Lucas Pereira , Melo Luciana Magalhães , Sales Jamille Alencar , Paiva Manoel de Araújo Neto , Teixeira Carlos Eduardo Cordeiro , Castelo‐Branco Débora de Souza Collares Maia , Pereira‐Neto Waldemiro de Aquino , Cordeiro Rossana de Aguiar , Sidrim José Júlio Costa , Brilhante Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThis study investigated potential mechanisms of azole resistance amongCandida albicansfrom animals, including efflux pump activity, ergosterol content and gene expression. For this purpose, 30 azole‐resistantC. albicansstrains from animals were tested for their antifungal susceptibility, according to document M27‐A3, efflux pump activity by rhodamine 6G test, ergosterol content and expression of the genesCDR1,CDR2,MDR1,ERG11byRT‐qPCR. These strains were resistant to at least one azole derivative. Resistance to fluconazole and itraconazole was detected in 23 and 26 strains respectively. Rhodamine 6G tests showed increased activity of efflux pumps in the resistant strains, showing a possible resistance mechanism. There was no difference in ergosterol content between resistant and susceptible strains, even after fluconazole exposure. From 30 strains, 22 (73.3%) resistant animal strains overexpressed one or more genes. From this group, 40.9% (9/22) overexpressedCDR1, 18.2% (4/22) overexpressedCDR2, 59.1% (13/22) overexpressedMDR1and 54.5% (12/22) overexpressedERG11. Concerning gene expression, a positive correlation was observed only betweenCDR1andCDR2. Thus, azole resistance inC.albicansstrains from animals is a multifactorial process that involves increased efflux pump activity and the overexpression of different genes.
Associations of maternal stress with children's weight‐related behaviours: a systematic literature review
Authors: O'Connor S. G. , Maher J. P. , Belcher B. R. , Leventhal A. M. , Margolin G. , Shonkoff E. T. , Dunton G. F. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryLow adherence to guidelines for weight‐related behaviours (e.g. dietary intake and physical activity) among US children underscores the need to better understand how parental factors may influence children's obesity risk. In addition to most often acting as primary caregiver to their children, women are also known to experience greater levels of stress than men. This study systematically reviewed associations between maternal stress and children's weight‐related behaviours. Our search returned 14 eligible articles, representing 25 unique associations of maternal stress with a distinct child weight‐related behaviour (i.e. healthy diet [n = 3], unhealthy diet [n = 6], physical activity [n = 7] and sedentary behaviour [n = 9]). Overall, findings for the relationship between maternal stress and children's weight‐related behaviours were mixed, with no evidence for an association with children's healthy or unhealthy dietary intake, but fairly consistent evidence for the association of maternal stress with children's lower physical activity and higher sedentary behaviour. Recommendations for future research include prioritizing prospective designs, identifying moderators, and use of high‐resolution, real‐time data collection techniques to elucidate potential mechanisms.
Magnitude of inbreeding depression and genetic variation analysis of agro‐morphological traits in orchardgrass
Authors: Spanani Soheila , Majidi Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractInbreeding depression is the reduction in the fitness of inbred offspring relative to progeny from unrelated parents. In orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), limited efforts have been made to evaluate the effects of deliberate selfing on agro‐morphological traits and to estimate the genetic variation of traits. Twenty‐five genotypes of orchardgrass, along with 25 S1 (full‐sibs) and 25 families of half‐sibs, were created in 2012 and used to assess the consequences of the first generation of inbreeding and outcrossing for offspring fitness and to estimate heritabilities, genetic parameters and correlations of agro‐morphological traits during the period of 2013–2014 in the field. Different levels of inbreeding depression were observed for the traits, with higher values for plant height, days to inflorescence emergence and dry matter yield. The degree of inbreeding or outbreeding effects varied among the studied genotypes. This facilitates the development of inbred lines for further studies. The results showed that some of the studied genotypes were self‐fertile, thereby indicating the possibility of developing inbred lines from these genotypes. Heritabilities ranged from 0.10 for the number of stems per plant to 0.64 for spread among the studied populations. Spread had high heritability as well as high correlation with forage yield, thereby indicating that this trait could be used to improve forage yield indirectly.
“X” Marks the Spot: An Injection Technique for Alopecia Areata
Authors: Agrawal Shruti , Patel Devika , Shwayder Tor 
Published: March 2017

AbstractChildren with alopecia areata often have multiple patches of hair loss. When administering intralesional steroid injections, it can be difficult to monitor which areas have already been treated. Additionally, patients and their parents may worry that we did not treat all of the affected areas. We describe a simple technique to keep track of which areas have been treated.
FOXN1 Duplication and Congenital Hypertrichosis
Authors: Gilhooley Eimear , Gormally Siobhan , Irvine Alan , Lynch Sally Ann , Collins Sinead 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe report a case of congenital hypertrichosis and FOXN1 duplication. FOXN1 is a member of the forkhead box gene family, located on chromosome 17. Its function includes differentiation of epithelial cells and regulation of keratinocytes, especially hair keratins. Loss of function of these transcription factors leads to a disruption in hair growth. As far as we are aware, this is the first case of FOXN1 duplication associated with congenital hypertrichosis to be reported in the literature.
Compound Heterozygosity of Dominant and Recessive COL7A Alleles in a Severely Affected Patient with a Family History of Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa: Clinical Findings, Genetic Testing, and Treatment Implications
Authors: Watson Kendra D. , Schoch Jennifer J. , Beek Geoffrey J. , Hand Jennifer L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old girl born to a family with more than three generations of dominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DDEB) presented with life‐threatening confluent skin erosions, mitten hand deformity, and failure to thrive. Reassessment of her family history and genetic testing showed compound heterozygous COL7A mutations, one inherited from her DDEB‐affected mother and one from her unaffected, healthy father. This family illustrates the risk of unexpected, severe, autosomal recessive epidermolysis bullosa (EB) in a family with milder, multigenerational autosomal dominant EB. Clinicians should recognize the clinical spectrum of dystrophic EB and recommend genetic consultation when the phenotype conflicts with family history.
Pemphigus Vulgaris and Eosinophilic Esophagitis in a 13‐Year‐Old Boy: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Gue Sumant , Huang Gwendolyn , Moore Lynette , Hammond Paul , Boros Christina A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis case report presents a 13‐year‐old boy referred to the Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, with a 5‐week history of severe oral ulcerations and significant weight loss of unknown origin. The diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris was made after histologic and immunofluorescent examination of an intraoral deep incisional biopsy, with eosinophilic esophagitis also diagnosed during the initial upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The association between pemphigus vulgaris and eosinophilic esophagitis in this case, although previously unreported, is explicable on the basis of dysregulation of desmoglein 1 (DSG1). This case report identifies a new clinical association that could help clinicians identify further such cases and provides insight into the pathogenesis of both conditions.
Stay away, but I may need your help! Mate choice and manipulation of prospective parents‐in‐law
Authors: APOSTOLOU MENELAOS 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMate choice involves intense manipulation between the parties involved. This research investigates the manipulation tactics that individuals use in two different scenarios, namely, in order to keep a distance from their mates' parents and in order to secure their help in maintaining an intimate relationship with their children. Study 1 found 29 acts that individuals used to keep the parents of their mates at a distance and 22 acts that individuals used to secure the help of their mates' parents in maintaining a relationship with their children. Study 2 employed a sample of 352 individuals and classified the former in six and the latter in two distinct manipulation tactics. Study 3 employed a sample of 306 parents to assess the effectiveness of the different manipulation tactics.
Earlier and greater hand pre‐shaping in the elderly: a study based on kinematic analysis of reaching movements to grasp objects
Authors: Tamaru Yoshiki , Naito Yasuo , Nishikawa Takashi 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundElderly people are less able to manipulate objects skilfully than young adults. Although previous studies have examined age‐related deterioration of hand movements with a focus on the phase after grasping objects, the changes in the reaching phase have not been studied thus far. We aimed to examine whether changes in hand shape patterns during the reaching phase of grasping movements differ between young adults and the elderly.MethodsTen healthy elderly adults and 10 healthy young adults were examined using the Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Functions and kinetic analysis of hand pre‐shaping reach‐to‐grasp tasks. The results were then compared between the two groups. For kinetic analysis, we measured the time of peak tangential velocity of the wrist and the inter‐fingertip distance (the distance between the tips of the thumb and index finger) at different time points.ResultsThe results showed that the elderly group’s performance on the Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Functions was significantly lower than that of the young adult group, irrespective of whether the dominant or non‐dominant hand was used, indicating deterioration of hand movement in the elderly. The peak tangential velocity of the wrist in either hand appeared significantly earlier in the elderly group than in the young adult group. The elderly group also showed larger inter‐fingertip distances with arch‐like fingertip trajectories compared to the young adult group for all object sizes.ConclusionsTo perform accurate prehension, elderly people have an earlier peak tangential velocity point than young adults. This allows for a longer adjustment time for reaching and grasping movements and for reducing errors in object prehension by opening the hand and fingers wider. Elderly individuals gradually modify their strategy based on previous successes and failures during daily living to compensate for their decline in dexterity and operational capabilities.
Hemodialysis Disparities in African Americans: The Deeply Integrated Concept of Race in the Social Fabric of Our Society
Authors: Norris Keith C. , Williams Sandra F. , Rhee Connie M. , Nicholas Susanne B. , Kovesdy Csaba P. , Kalantar‐Zadeh Kamyar , Ebony Boulware L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractEnd‐stage renal disease (ESRD) is one of the starkest examples of racial/ethnic disparities in health. Racial/ethnic minorities are 1.5 to nearly 4 times more likely than their non‐Hispanic White counterparts to require renal replacement therapy (RRT), with African Americans suffering from the highest rates of ESRD. Despite improvements over the last 25 years, substantial racial differences are persistent in dialysis quality measures such as RRT modality options, dialysis adequacy, anemia, mineral and bone disease, vascular access, and pre‐ESRD care. This report will outline the current status of racial disparities in key ESRD quality measures and explore the impact of race. While the term race represents a social construct, its association with health is more complex. Multiple individual and community level social determinants of health are defined by the social positioning of race in the U.S., while biologic differences may reflect distinct epigenetic changes and linkages to ancestral geographic origins. Together, these factors conspire to influence dialysis outcomes among African Americans with ESRD.
Measurement of plasma cell‐free DNA concentrations in dogs with sepsis, trauma, and neoplasia
Authors: Letendre Jo‐Annie , Goggs Robert 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo determine if cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) was identifiable in canine plasma, to evaluate 3 techniques for the measurement of plasma cfDNA concentrations in dogs presented to an emergency service, and to compare the plasma cfDNA concentrations of healthy dogs to those with sepsis, trauma, and neoplasia.DesignRetrospective study of banked canine plasma samples collected between May 2014 and December 2014.SettingDogs presented to the emergency service of a university veterinary teaching hospital.AnimalsPlasma cfDNA was measured on residual plasma samples obtained from 15 dogs with sepsis, 15 dogs with moderate‐severe trauma, 15 dogs diagnosed with a sarcoma. Plasma cfDNA was also measured in 15 healthy dogs.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsAssay linearity, repeatability, and reproducibility were evaluated. Quantification of cfDNA was performed in duplicate on diluted citrated plasma and following DNA purification using 2 fluorescence assays (SYBR‐Gold; Quant‐iT) and by ultraviolet absorbance spectroscopy. Fluorescence intensities (FIs) were converted to cfDNA concentrations using standard curves. Median FI values and cfDNA concentrations were compared to healthy controls using the Kruskal–Wallis test, with adjustment for multiple comparisons. Alpha was set at 0.05. Both assays had excellent linearity, and acceptable repeatability and reproducibility. Compared to controls, plasma cfDNA concentrations were significantly increased in dogs with sepsis or moderate‐severe trauma with both assays (P ≤ 0.003). Dogs with neoplasia had significantly increased cfDNA concentrations with the Quant‐iT assay only (P = 0.003). When measurements were performed on purified DNA, only dogs with moderate‐severe trauma had significantly increased cfDNA concentrations (P < 0.001; SYBR‐Gold assay).ConclusionscfDNA can be readily identified in canine plasma using 2 fluorescence assays. DNA extraction offers no advantage over direct measurement. Compared to healthy controls, dogs with sepsis or moderate‐severe trauma have significantly increased plasma cfDNA concentrations.
Implementation of Evidence‐Based Practice From a Learning Perspective
Authors: Nilsen Per , Neher Margit , Ellström Per‐Erik , Gardner Benjamin 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionFor many nurses and other health care practitioners, implementing evidence‐based practice (EBP) presents two interlinked challenges: acquisition of EBP skills and adoption of evidence‐based interventions and abandonment of ingrained non‐evidence‐based practices.AimsThe purpose of this study to describe two modes of learning and use these as lenses for analyzing the challenges of implementing EBP in health care.MethodsThe article is theoretical, drawing on learning and habit theory.ResultsAdaptive learning involves a gradual shift from slower, deliberate behaviors to faster, smoother, and more efficient behaviors. Developmental learning is conceptualized as a process in the “opposite” direction, whereby more or less automatically enacted behaviors become deliberate and conscious.ConclusionAchieving a more EBP depends on both adaptive and developmental learning, which involves both forming EBP‐conducive habits and breaking clinical practice habits that do not contribute to realizing the goals of EBP.Linking Evidence to ActionFrom a learning perspective, EBP will be best supported by means of adaptive learning that yields a habitual practice of EBP such that it becomes natural and instinctive to instigate EBP in appropriate contexts by means of seeking out, critiquing, and integrating research into everyday clinical practice as well as learning new interventions best supported by empirical evidence. However, the context must also support developmental learning that facilitates disruption of existing habits to ascertain that the execution of the EBP process or the use of evidence‐based interventions in routine practice is carefully and consciously considered to arrive at the most appropriate response.
Connectomics of synaptic microcircuits: lessons from the outer retina
Authors: Rogerson Luke Edward , Behrens Christian , Euler Thomas , Berens Philipp , Schubert Timm 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPhotoreceptors form a sophisticated synaptic complex with bipolar and horizontal cells, transmitting the signals generated by the phototransduction cascade to downstream retinal circuitry. The cone photoreceptor synapse shows several characteristic anatomical connectivity motifs that shape signal transfer: typically, ON‐cone bipolar cells receive photoreceptor input through invaginating synapses; OFF‐cone bipolar cells form basal synapses with photoreceptors. Both ON‐ and OFF‐cone bipolar cells are believed to sample from all cone photoreceptors within their dendritic span. Electron microscopy and immunolabelling studies have established the robustness of these motifs, but have been limited by trade‐offs in sample size and spatial resolution, respectively, constraining precise quantitative investigation to a few individual cells. 3D‐serial electron microscopy overcomes these limitations and has permitted complete sets of neurons to be reconstructed over a comparatively large section of retinal tissue. Although the published mouse dataset lacks labels for synaptic structures, the characteristic anatomical motifs at the photoreceptor synapse can be exploited to identify putative synaptic contacts, which has enabled the development of a quantitative description of outer retinal connectivity. This revealed unexpected exceptions to classical motifs, including substantial interaction between rod and cone pathways at the photoreceptor synapse, sparse photoreceptor sampling and atypical contacts. Here, we summarize what was learned from this study in a more general context: we consider both the implications and limitations of the study and identify promising avenues for future research.
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Complete Genome Sequence of
Spiroplasma
sp. NBRC 100390
Authors: Haryono Mindia , Lo Wen-Sui , Gasparich Gail E. , Kuo Chih-Horng 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Spiroplasma
sp. NBRC 100390 was initially described as a duplicate of
S. atrichopogonis
GNAT3597
T
(=ATCC BAA-520
T
) but later found to be different in the 16S rDNA sequences. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of this bacterium to establish its identity and to facilitate future investigation.
Genome Sequence of Porphyromonas gingivalis Strain A7A1-28
Authors: Xie Gary , Chastain-Gross Ryan P. , Bélanger Myriam , Kumar Dibyendu , Whitlock Joan A. , Liu Li , Farmerie William G. , Zeng Collin L. , Daligault Hajnalka E. , Han Cliff S. , Brettin Thomas S. , Progulske-Fox Ann 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Porphyromonas gingivalis
is an oral opportunistic pathogen. Sequenced
P. gingivalis
laboratory strains display limited diversity in antigens that modulate host responses. Here, we present the genome sequence of A7A1-28, a strain possessing atypical fimbrillin and capsule types, with a single contig of 2,249,024 bp and a G+C content of 48.58%.
Draft Genome Sequences of Candida glabrata Isolates 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, and 3B
Authors: Håvelsrud Othilde Elise , Gaustad Peter 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequences of six
Candida glabrata
isolates. The isolates were taken from blood samples from patients after recurrent
C. glabrata
infection. Two isolates were taken from each of three patients a minimum 3 months apart.
Complete Genome Sequences of
Bacillus
Phages DirtyBetty and Kida
Authors: Flounlacker Kelly , Miller Rachel , Marquez Diana , Johnson Allison 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

We report here the genome sequences of two bacteriophages of the
Bacillus cereus
group, DirtyBetty and Kida. These bacteriophages are double-stranded DNA-containing
Myoviridae
isolated from soil samples using
Bacillus thuringiensis
subsp.
kurstaki
as their host bacteria.
Complete Genome Sequence of Human Adenovirus Type 55 Associated with Acute Respiratory Disease, Isolated from a Military Base in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Gu Se Hun , Song Dong Hyun , Lee Daesang , Huh Kyungmin , Yoo Hongseok , Oh Hong Sang , Jung Jaehun , Woo Koung In , Kim Mirang , Seog Woong , Hwang Il-Ung , Jeong Seong Tae 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Human adenovirus (HAdV) (genus
Mastadenovirus
; family
Adenoviridae
) serotype 55 is a reemerging pathogen associated with acute respiratory disease. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of HAdV-55 strain AFMC 16-0011, isolated from a military recruit, using next-generation sequencing technology.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus of Serotype O, Isolated from Gochang, Republic of Korea, in 2016
Authors: Kim Taeseong , Ryoo Soyoon , Nah Jin Ju , Sagong Min Geun , Lee Sumee , Lee Kwang-Nyeong , Ko Young-Joon , Park Jong-Hyeon , Lee Myoung-Heon , Wee Sung-Hwan , Tark Dongseob , Ku Bok Kyung 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
The complete genome sequence of a foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) serotype O virus isolated from Gochang, Republic of Korea, is reported here.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Polydroxyalkanoate-Synthesizing Bacterium,
Bacillus
sp. Strain PJC48, Isolated from Activated Sludge
Authors: Gu Jin-Jin , Zhou Ying , Lu Jian-Jiang , Ye Bang-Ce 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

The genome sequence of a
Bacillus
strain is capable of synthesizing polyhydroxyalkanoates, and
Bacillus
sp. is considered a platform strain for the production of many biodegradable materials. Here, we present the sequence of the PJC48 strain genome, which is composed of three chromatin structures, an extracellular structure, and a cytoskeleton.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Enterobacter
sp. Strain ODB01, a Bacterium That Degrades Crude Oil
Authors: Lan Hui , Yang Hui , Li Peiwang , Wang Chong , Zhou Haiyan , Zhou Hui , Pan Hu , Yu Ye , Lu Xiangyang , Tian Yun 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Enterobacter
sp. strain ODB01, which was isolated from the Changqing oil field, can degrade crude oil efficiently and use crude oil as its sole source of carbon and energy. We report the complete genome sequence of ODB01. The results promote its application in the remediation of petroleum contaminants.