bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifelong impacts of puberty timing on human plasma metabolic profiles: A metabolome‐wide Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Zengjun , Li Xuechao , Fang Si , Liu Dong , Li Fei , Zhu Cairong , Zhao Jian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimThe aim was to investigate the causal relationship between puberty timing and plasma metabolites, accounting for birth weight, childhood and adulthood adiposity.Materials and MethodsThe meta‐analysis of genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) for puberty timing was extracted from the ReproGen Consortium, involving 329 345 women of European ancestry. Summary data for 174 plasma metabolites were retrieved from a recently conducted cross‐platform GWAS that involved a meta‐analysis of three cohort studies (i.e. the Fenland, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer‐Norfolk and INTERVAL studies) and three publicly available studies and included up to 86 507 participants. We conducted a two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to infer the causal relationship of puberty timing on 174 plasma metabolites, complemented by a two‐step and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analysis to assess direct and indirect effects. Additionally, summary‐level data from the UK Biobank were used for our replication analysis.ResultsThe results of the two‐sample MR provide moderate evidence supporting a causal relationship between puberty timing and 23 of 174 plasma metabolites (i.e. 7 acylcarnitines, 8 amino acids, 2 biogenic amines and 6 lysophosphatidylcholines). Even after single‐nucleotide polymorphisms associated with birth weight and childhood adiposity were excluded, causal effects persisted for 16 metabolites (i.e. 8 acylcarnitines, 4 amino acids, 2 biogenic amines and 2 lysophosphatidylcholines). The two‐step MR analysis provided evidence that the relationship between puberty timing and plasma metabolites was mediated by adulthood adiposity. Additionally, moderate evidence emerged for an independent causal effect of puberty timing on 10 metabolites through an MVMR analysis (i.e. 5 acylcarnitines, 2 amino acids, 1 biogenic amine, 1 lysophosphatidylcholine and 1 phosphatidylcholine). Furthermore, the replication analysis suggested the robustness of our results.ConclusionsIn summary, our study provides compelling evidence that puberty timing has a causal influence on certain plasma metabolites, although this influence is largely mediated by adulthood adiposity.
In vivo mapping of postprandial hepatic glucose metabolism using dynamic magnetic resonance spectroscopy combined with stable isotope flux analysis in Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass adults and non‐operated controls: A case–control study
Authors: Poli Simone , Lange Naomi F. , Brunasso Alessandro , Buser Angeline , Ballabani Edona , Melmer Andreas , Schiavon Michele , Tappy Luc , Herzig David , Dalla Man Chiara , Kreis Roland , Bally Lia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimsRoux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery alters postprandial glucose profiles, causing post‐bariatric hypoglycaemia (PBH) in some individuals. Due to the liver's central role in glucose homeostasis, hepatic glucose handling might differ in RYGB‐operated patients with PBH compared to non‐operated healthy controls (HC).Materials and MethodsWe enrolled RYGB‐operated adults with PBH and HCs (n = 10 each). Participants ingested 60 g of [6,6′‐2H2]‐glucose (d‐glucose) after an overnight fast. Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) with interleaved 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed before and until 150 min post‐d‐glucose intake, with frequent blood sampling to quantify glucose enrichment and gluco‐regulatory hormones until 180 min. Glucose fluxes were assessed by mathematical modelling. Outcome trajectories were described using generalized additive models.ResultsIn RYGB subjects, the hepatic d‐glucose signal increased early, followed by a decrease, whereas HCs exhibited a gradual increase and consecutive stabilization. Postprandial hepatic glycogen accumulation and the suppression of endogenous glucose production were lower in RYGB patients than in HCs, despite higher insulin exposure, indicating lower hepatic insulin sensitivity. The systemic rate of ingested d‐glucose was faster in RYGB, leading to a higher, earlier plasma glucose peak and increased insulin secretion. Postprandial glucose disposal increased in RYGB patients, without between‐group differences in peripheral insulin sensitivity.ConclusionsExploiting DMI with stable isotope flux analysis, we observed distinct postprandial hepatic glucose trajectories and parameters of glucose–insulin homeostasis in RYGB patients with PBH versus HCs. Despite altered postprandial glucose kinetics and higher insulin exposure, there was no evidence of impaired hepatic glucose uptake or output predisposing to PBH in RYGB patients.
Interspecific competition leads to more long‐winged morphs in two sympatric cricket species
Authors: Fujii Takehisa , Reddy Gadi V. P. , Kuriwada Takashi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Coexistence mechanisms for species competing for the same resource include resource partitioning, neutrality, microhabitat preference and trade‐off between competitive and dispersal abilities.
We explored the coexistence mechanism of two species of trigonidiid crickets (Dianemobius nigrofasciatus (Orthoptera: Trigonidiidae) and Polionemobius taprobanensis (Orthoptera: Trigonidiidae)) that share the same habitat. Dianemobius nigrofasciatus is more common in areas where the ground surface is somewhat open, while P. taprobanensis is more common in more densely vegetated environments. The effects of micro‐environmental differences, similarities in competitive ability and investment in dispersal ability under interspecific competitive conditions on the coexistence of these species were examined using laboratory experiments.
Both P. taprobanensis and D. nigrofasciatus performed better in vegetated environments. Although the adult emergence of D. nigrofasciatus were delayed by the presence of P. taprobanensis, the emergence rate of P. taprobanensis was not significantly affected by D. nigrofasciatus. The presence of P. taprobanensis caused a higher frequency of a long‐winged morph (macropterous) of D. nigrofasciatus.
The results suggest that D. nigrofasciatus is inferior to P. taprobanensis in interspecific competition, and it, therefore, disperses (as macropterous adults) at greater rates in the presence of P. taprobanensis. Furthermore, it may be that D. nigrofasciatus has been forced to change its preferred microhabitat from vegetative habitats, which are inherently more suitable, to more open environments due to competition. These above mechanisms are thought to allow the two species to coexist in the same habitat.
Quantifying convergence and consistency
Authors: Matiasz Nicholas J. , Wood Justin , Silva Alcino J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe reproducibility crisis highlights several unresolved issues in science, including the need to develop measures that gauge both the consistency and convergence of data sets. While existing meta‐analytic methods quantify the consistency of evidence, they do not quantify its convergence: the extent to which different types of empirical methods have provided evidence to support a hypothesis. To address this gap in meta‐analysis, we and colleagues developed a summary metric—the cumulative evidence index (CEI)—which uses Bayesian statistics to quantify the degree of both consistency and convergence of evidence regarding causal hypotheses between two phenomena. Here, we outline the CEI's underlying model, which quantifies the extent to which studies of four types—positive intervention, negative intervention, positive non‐intervention and negative non‐intervention—lend credence to any of three types of causal relations: excitatory, inhibitory or no‐connection. Along with p‐values and other measures, the CEI can provide a more holistic perspective on a set of evidence by quantitatively expressing epistemic principles that scientists regularly employ qualitatively. The CEI can thus address the reproducibility crisis by formally demonstrating how convergent evidence across multiple study types can yield progress toward scientific consensus, even when an individual type of study fails to yield reproducible results.
Sartre's Exclusion Claim: Perception and Imagination as Radically Distinct Consciousnesses
Authors: Mitchell Jonathan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn The Imaginary Jean‐Paul Sartre makes what will strike many as an implausibly strong claim, namely that perception and imagination are incompatible kinds of experience ‐ I call this the exclusion claim. This paper offers a reconstruction of Sartre's exclusion claim. First, it frames the claim in terms of cross‐modal attention distribution, such that it is not possible to simultaneously attend to what one is imagining and what one is perceiving. However, this leaves it open that a subject can simultaneously imagine and perceive on the condition that either the perceived or imagined objects are not attended to. While this is a philosophically plausible position it fails to do justice to Sartre's intended position, which suggests a more radical exclusion between perception and imagination. In light of this section 3 develops a supplementary argument to remove one of the possible configurations of attention that the ban on divided attention leaves in place by arguing that the objects of imagining must be attended to, which follows from Sartre's characterisation of imagination as spontaneous. The resulting exclusion is as follows: attentive perception excludes imagination (and vice versa), given that the latter is necessarily attentive, but attentive imagination can co‐occur with non‐attentive or background perception (in this sense the exclusion is asymmetric in a way that Sartre fails to recognise). In concluding I detail how from this exclusion we get an important consequence – which Sartre wants the exclusion claim to have – namely that it rules out an imagination‐based solution to the problem of perceptual presence.
Video head impulse gain is impaired in myotonic dystrophy types 1 and 2
Authors: Calic Zeljka , Peric Stojan , Vujnic Milorad , Bjelica Bogdan , Bozovic Ivo , Rakocevic‐Stojanovic Vidosava , Bradshaw Andrew , Colebatch James G. , Welgampola Miriam S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeThis study was undertaken to examine vestibulo‐ocular reflex (VOR) characteristics in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2) using video head impulse testing (vHIT).MethodsVOR gain, refixation saccade prevalence, first saccade amplitude, onset latency, peak velocity, and duration were compared in DM1, DM2, age‐matched normal controls, and patients with peripheral and central vestibulopathies.ResultsFifty percent of DM1 and 37.5% of DM2 patients demonstrated reduced VOR gain. Refixation saccade prevalence for horizontal canal (HC) and posterior canal (PC) was significantly higher in DM1 (101 ± 42%, 82 ± 47%) and DM2 (70 ± 45%, 61 ± 38%) compared to controls (40 ± 28% and 43 ± 33%, p < 0.05). The first saccade amplitudes and peak velocities were higher in HC and PC planes in DM1 and DM2 compared to controls (p < 0.05). HC slow phase eye velocity profiles in DM1 showed delayed peaks. The asymmetry ratio, which represents the percentage difference between the first and second halves of the slow phase eye velocity response, was therefore negative (−22.5 ± 17%, −2.3 ± 16%, and − 4.7 ± 8% in DM1, DM2, and controls). HC VOR gains were lower and gain asymmetry ratio was larger and negative in patients with DM1 with moderate to severe ptosis and a history of imbalance and falls compared to the remaining DM1 patients (p < 0.05). In peripheral vestibulopathies, saccade amplitude was larger, peak velocity was higher, and onset latency was shorter (p < 0.05) than in DM1. In central vestibulopathy (posterior circulation strokes), saccade peak velocity was higher, but amplitude and onset latency were not significantly different from DM1.ConclusionsVOR impairment is common in DM1 and DM2. In DM1, refixation saccade characteristics are closer to central than peripheral vestibulopathies. Delayed peaks in the vHIT eye velocity profile observed in patients with DM1 may reflect extraocular muscle weakness. VOR impairment and VOR asymmetry in DM1 are associated with imbalance and falls.
Amyloid deposition in adults with drug‐resistant temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Fonseca Elena , Lallana Sofía , Ortega Gemma , Cano Amanda , Sarria‐Estrada Silvana , Pareto Deborah , Quintana Manuel , Lorenzo‐Bosquet Carles , López‐Maza Samuel , Gifreu Ariadna , Campos‐Fernández Daniel , Abraira Laura , Santamarina Estevo , Orellana Adelina , Montrreal Laura , Puerta Raquel , Aguilera Núria , Ramis Maribel , de Rojas Itziar , Ruiz Agustín , Tárraga Lluis , Rovira Àlex , Marquié Marta , Boada Mercè , Toledo Manuel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivePathological amyloid‐β (Aβ) accumulation and hyperphosphorylated tau proteins have been described in resected temporal lobe specimens of epilepsy patients. We aimed to determine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ1‐42 and p181‐tau levels and cerebral Aβ deposits on positron emission tomography (Aβ PET) and correlate these findings with cognitive performance in adults with drug‐resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, we enrolled individuals with drug‐resistant TLE who were 25–55 years old. Each participant underwent 18F‐flutemetamol PET, determination of CSF Aβ1‐42, p181‐tau, and total tau, and a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. We evaluated normalized standard uptake value ratios (SUVRs) for different brain regions on Aβ PET.ResultsThirty patients (mean age = 41.9 ± SD 8.1 years, 57% men) were included. The median disease duration was 9.5 (interquartile range = 4–24) years. Twenty‐six patients (87%) had a clinically significant cognitive impairment on neuropsychological evaluation, 18 (69%) of the amnesic type. On Aβ PET, high uptake was observed in both mesial temporal regions (ipsilateral: SUVR z‐score = .90, 95% confidence interval [CI] = .60–1.20; contralateral: SUVR z‐score = .92, 95% CI = .57–1.27; p < .001), which was higher when compared to SUVR z‐scores in all the remaining regions (p < .001) and in the ipsilateral anterior cingulate (SUVR z‐score = .27, 95% CI = .04–.49, p = .020). No significant deposition was observed in other regions. Seven patients (23%) had low Aβ1‐42 levels, and two (7%) had elevated p181‐tau levels in CSF. Higher p181‐tau levels correlated with poorer verbal fluency (R = −.427, p = .044).SignificanceOur findings reveal a considerable Aβ deposition in mesial temporal regions and ipsilateral anterior cingulate among adults with drug‐resistant TLE. Additionally, abnormal CSF Aβ1‐42 levels were observed in a significant proportion of patients, and p181‐tau levels were associated with verbal fluency. These results suggest that markers of neuronal damage can be observed in adults with TLE, warranting further investigation.
Racial/ethnic differences in the association of incident stroke with late onset epilepsy: The Northern Manhattan Study
Authors: Choi Hyunmi , Thacker Evan L. , Liu Minghua , Strobino Kevin , Misiewicz Sylwia , Rundek Tatjana , Elkind Mitchell S. V. , Gutierrez Jose D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveLittle is known about the incidence of late onset epilepsy (LOE) across different racial/ethnic groups in the USA, particularly in the Hispanic population. Stroke, a strong predictor of LOE, is more common in non‐Hispanic Blacks (NHBs) and Hispanics than in non‐Hispanic Whites (NHWs). We assessed the incidence of LOE across racial/ethnic groups and examined whether the associations of stroke with LOE risk differ by race/ethnicity.MethodsThe Northern Manhattan Study is a population‐based longitudinal study of older adults enrolled between 1993 and 2001. Participants free of history of stroke or epilepsy at baseline (n = 3419) were followed prospectively for incidence of LOE. We estimated LOE incidence per 1000 person‐years in each racial/ethnic group. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to assess the association of race/ethnicity with LOE and multiplicative interactions of race/ethnicity with incident stroke in relation to LOE, adjusting for demographics and comorbid diagnoses.ResultsDuring 51 176 person‐years of follow‐up, 183 individuals developed LOE. Incidence of LOE was significantly higher in NHBs (6.2 per 1000 person‐years) than in NHWs (3.3 per 1000 person‐years, p = .004). There was no significant difference in LOE incidence between NHWs (3.3 per 1000 person‐years) and Hispanics (2.6 per 1000 person‐years, p = .875). However, following incident stroke, the risk of LOE differed across racial/ethnic groups. Incident stroke was associated with 2.55 times the risk of LOE among NHWs (95% confidence interval [CI] = .88–7.35), 8.53 times the risk of LOE among Hispanics (95% CI = 5.36–13.57, p = .04 for stronger association than that in NHWs), and 6.46 times the risk of LOE among NHBs (95% CI = 3.79–11.01, p = .12 for stronger association than that in NHWs).SignificanceWe found a stronger association of incident stroke with LOE risk in Hispanics and NHBs than in NHWs, offering some insight into the racial/ethnic disparities of LOE incidence.
Filling the Holes on 3D Heritage Object Surface Based on Automatic Segmentation Algorithm
Authors: Van Nguyen Sinh , Le Son Thanh , Tran Minh Khai , Le Sach Thanh 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTReconstructing and processing 3D objects are activities in the research field of computer graphics, image processing and computer vision. The 3D objects are processed based on geometric modelling (a branch of applied mathematics and computational geometry) or machine learning algorithms based on image processing. The computation of geometrical objects includes processing the curves and surfaces, subdivision, simplification, meshing, holes filling or reconstructing the 3D surface's objects on both point cloud data and triangular mesh. While the machine learning methods are developed using deep learning models. With the support of 3D laser scan devices and LiDAR techniques, the obtained dataset is close to the original shape of the real objects. Besides, photography and its application based on modern techniques in recent years help us collect data and process the 3D models more precisely. This article proposes a new method for filling holes on the 3D object's surface based on automatic segmentation. Instead of filling the hole directly as the existing methods, we now subdivide the hole before filling it. The hole is first determined and segmented automatically based on the computation of its local curvature. It is then filled on each part of the hole to match its local curvature shape. The method can work on both 3D point cloud surfaces and triangular mesh surfaces. Compared to the state‐of‐the‐art (SOTA) methods, our proposed method obtained higher accuracy of the reconstructed 3D objects.
A Hybrid Framework for Characterizing and Benchmarking Fatigue S‐N Curves in Aluminum Alloys by Integrating Empirical and Data‐Driven Approaches
Authors: Esmaeili Hamed , Avateffazeli Maryam , Haghshenas Meysam , Rizvi Reza 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe complicated and stochastic nature, coupled with uncertainties and data scatter, poses challenges in developing a general fatigue model. This study introduces a hybrid framework that integrates an empirical model with data‐driven approaches, aiming to address data scarcity and streamline the fatigue characterization of aluminum alloys. It was found that support vector regression (SVR) and neural network (NN) exhibit superior performance, with SVR achieving a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.13 (cycles to failure in log scale) for training and 0.14 for testing, and NN reaching an MAE of 0.15 for training and 0.16 for testing data. The employment of leave‐one‐group‐out‐cross‐validation (LOGOCV) ensured the generalizability of the models, with the effectiveness confirmed by the actual‐predicted life plot. The results demonstrated that almost 98% of predicted data fell within the life factor of ±1. This methodology reduces the requirement for experimentation and provides the prospect of automating fatigue design and characterization.
Combining Effective Plastic Strain and Surface Roughness for Predicting Future Propagation Path of Microstructure‐ Sensitive Crack (MSC) in Polycrystalline Nickel
Authors: Valiollahi Arash , Huang Haiying 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis work introduces a damage index (DI) that combines the effective plastic strain and surface roughness changes to predict the future propagation path of a microstructure‐sensitive crack (MSC) in a polycrystalline nickel fatigue sample. The surface topography of a fatigue sample was measured at short fatigue intervals, from which both the effective plastic strain and surface roughness changes were calculated using digital image correlation (DIC). Three DIs based on the effective plastic strain, surface roughness changes, and their combinations were studied using two criteria, that is, the highest intensity and the confidence threshold. Comparing the crack path predicted by these DIs with the actual crack path acquired at later fatigue cycles, we demonstrated that the combined DI is more accurate and has less uncertainty in predicting the future crack path.
Patient‐reported data on the severity of Von Willebrand disease
Authors: van Kwawegen Calvin B. , Fijnvandraat Karin , Kruip Marieke J. H. A. , de Meris Joke , Schols Saskia E. M. , Meijer Karina , van der Bom Johanna G. , Cnossen Marjon H. , van Galen Karin P. M. , Atiq Ferdows , Eikenboom Jeroen , Leebeek Frank W. G. ,   the WiN study group
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe severity of Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is currently based on laboratory phenotype. However, little is known about the severity of the patient's experience with the disease. The most recent VWD guidelines highlight the need for patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) in VWD.AimThe study aimed to investigate the patient‐perspective on VWD severity and to identify key factors that determine the severity of disease experienced by patients.Materials and methodsPatients participated in a nationwide cross‐sectional study on VWD in the Netherlands (WiN‐study). Patients filled in a questionnaire containing questions on the experienced severity of VWD (4‐point scale), bleeding score (BS) and quality of life (QoL).ResultsWe included 736 patients, median age of 41.0 years (IQR 23.0–55.0) and 59.5% were women. A total of 443 had type 1, 269 type 2 and 24 type 3 VWD. Self‐reported severity of VWD was categorized as severe (n = 52), moderate (n = 171), mild (n = 393) or negligible (n = 120). Classification by historically lowest FVIII:C levels < 0.20 IU/mL as a proxy for severe VWD aligned with patient‐reported severity classification with a 72% accuracy. Type 3 VWD (OR = 4.02, 95%CI: 1.72–9.45), higher BS (OR = 1.09, 95%CI: 1.06–1.11), female sex (OR = 1.36, 95%CI: 1.01–1.83), haemostatic treatment in the year preceding study inclusion (OR = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.10–2.13) and historically lowest VWF:Act levels (OR = 0.26, 95%CI: 0.07–1.00) were independent determinants of patient‐reported severity.ConclusionThis study shows that patient‐reported data provide novel insights into the determinants of experienced disease severity. Our findings highlight the need for studies on PROs with validated questionnaires to assess the burden of VWD.