bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Secondary sexual dysfunction with antidepressant treatment: Study on 50 patients
Authors: Muquebil Ali Al Shaban Rodriguez O.W. , Ocio León S. , Gómez Simón M. , Hernández González M.J. , Álvarez de Morales Gómez-Moreno E. , Huergo Lora C. , López Fernández J.R. , González Suárez A. , Barrio Nespereira A. , Gutiérrez Vázquez G. , Tuñón Gorgojo L. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionThe side effects of the various antidepressant drugs on the sexual field (with very few exceptions) are well known, and they affect the quality of life in important manners. The incidence rate, communicated spontaneously by the patient, has been estimated around 10–15%, and can reach amounts of 50–60% with SSRIs when studied specifically. It has been suggested that these effects compromise treatment adherence.ObjectivesTo estimate the incidence and intensity of the side effects on the sexual field with different antidepressants, as well as its relationship with treatment adherence.MethodologyTransversal study on 50 patients assisted in medical consultation. Collection of data in office (October 2014–October 2015).Administration of survey PRSexDQ-SALSEX. In order to research the relationship with treatment adherence, one question surveyed the patient whether he/she had thought about finishing treatment for this reason.ResultsTwenty-nine patients (58% of the sample) presented some degree of sexual dysfunction. Five individuals (17.2%) communicated it spontaneously. Nine individuals (31%) responded that they did not accept positively the changes in their sexual field, and they had thought about withdrawing treatment for this reason. They were given the test of self-compliance statement (Haynes-Sackett), with a result of four non-compliant (44.4%). The most frequently involved drugs were fluoxetine (n = 5, 10% of the sample total) and paroxetine (n = 4, 8%).ConclusionsThe high impact of sexual side effects with a low rate of spontaneous communication coincides with previous existent studies.Limitation when estimating adhesion due to methodological difficulties in the design of the study. However, high impression by using the selected method of determination.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Paraphilic disorder in the 21st century
Authors: Caldeano A.R. , Nunes J. , da Costa P. 
Published: May 2016

The term paraphilia refers to the sexual preferences and conducts that divert from what is generally accepted for a certain society in a given historic and cultural period. It demonstrates the practices that involve the use of non-human objects, mandatory humiliation and sexual suffering or non-consensual involvement of sexual partners.A paraphilic disorder is a paraphilia, which, presently, causes uneasiness and damages not only the patient but also others, as these behaviours exclude or damage the other affecting the patient's social relationships.Paraphilias are only practiced by a small percentage of the world's population. However, the causes are only reported if there is a search for treatment or if there are any legal complications. By which is believed that the prevalence is higher than the number of diagnosed cases.Although there are already a few paraphilia types registered, new forms of practice of this disturbance are emerging, mainly associated to the use of new technologies, as the Internet.The authors propose to produce a bibliographic review concerning the concept of paraphilic disorders and its exhibition forms; identify therapeutic strategies; perform a time frame regarding paraphilias and analyze the influence that the new technologies have in paraphilic disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
From hero to zero: The manifestation of addictive problematic sexual behaviour
Authors: Vella Baldacchino R. , Vella Baldacchino J. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAddiction refers to a pattern of:– loss of control, as shown by unsuccessful efforts to stop the behaviour;– continuation of the behaviour despite adverse consequences – such as marriage breakdown;– an obsession with obtaining, using or recovering from the behaviour.To date, DSM-5 does not recognize sex addiction as a disorder, however when problematic sexual behaviours fulfil these same three criteria, the process is considered to be an addiction.This case report describes the development of problematic addictive sexual behaviour, possibly as a result of other psychiatric comorbidities including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), alvinophilia, and obsessional fetishism. The presence of the Madonna-Puttana syndrome is also explored.AimsTo use the biopsychosocial model to investigate the aetiology of addictive problematic sexual behaviour. To explore the role of psychiatric comorbidities in the expression of such behaviour. To examine the holistic impact of sexual addictions. To examine the treatment modalities of addictive problematic sexual behaviour.MethodsA 25 year old happily-married nurse who confessed to serial extramarital affairs was interviewed. Underlying psychiatric comorbidities were identified. Family members were also interviewed for a collateral history. The above objectives were explored and the response to various treatment modalities were evaluated. Literature reviews were carried out.ConclusionsThis case illustrates a form of OCD which manifested as addictive problematic sexual behaviour. The message portrayed is that hope exists for such couples once various treatment modalities are put into action.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
How much does depressive mood affect sleep for high school students?
Authors: Kim S. , Park J. , Kim H. , Kim T.K. , Min Y. , Kim J. , Lee J. , Yang J. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundThis research examined gender variations in depressive mood for high school students affected by emotional upset and how such depressive mood affect their sleep quality.MethodsResearch was conducted from September 2015 to October 2015. Both males and females were divided into normal group and depressive group by Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (ZSDS). Each group adopted the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to measure sleep quality.ResultsAnalysis was made on a total of 155 students, which were 83 male students and 72 female. The average ZSDS for all high school students was 43.38 and the average PSQI was 5.39. The number of male students in the normal and depressive group who were diagnosed with sleep disorder were 2 (3.8%) and 9 (29.0%), respectively (P < 0.05). But the number of female students in the normal and depressive group who were diagnosed with sleep disorder were 11 (32.4%) and 33 (86.8%), respectively (P < 0.05). Both males and females shared a meaningful result over sleep latency, sleep disturbance, use of sleep medication, and daytime functional disturbance among 7 items of PSQI for sleep quality, and female students had a significantly meaningful result over sleep duration, habitual sleep effects (P < 0.05).ConclusionThis research showed that sleep quality of all high school students was not too bad but it can be problematic for those with depressive mood. Especially, female students were diagnosed with sleep disorder more than male students.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Recurrent hypersomnia: Kleine-Levin syndrome
Authors: Rodríguez Andrés L. , Rodríguez Campos A. , Gallardo Borge L. , Isidro García G. , Mayor Toranzo E. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionKleine-Levin syndrome was first described by Kleine in 1925 and elaborated on by Levi in 1936. It is an infrequent syndrome that predominantly affects to teenagers, and boys are four times more likely to be affected than girls. It is rare for patients over 30 years although some cases have been reported. Kleine-Levin syndrome is a recurrent hypersomnia characterized by episodes of hypersomnia lasting for 2 days to 4 weeks associated with symptoms of hyperphagia, hypersexuality and cognitive impairment. It can be accompanied by other abnormal behavior such as aggression, personality changes and irritability. Deficits are resolved between episodes.Case reportIt is presented the case report of a patient that suffers from recurrent episodes of hypersomnia associated with hyperphagia and abnormal behavior.ElectroencephalographyEEG demonstrates slowing of drowsiness and a decrease in REM sleep. The test of multiple sleep latency is abnormal and the rest of complementary test are normal.DiagnosisF51.1 Recurrent hypersomnia (Kleine-Levin syndrome) [307.44].DiscussionKleine-Levin syndrome is an intriguing, severe and homogenous disease with no obvious cause or treatment. Treatment is generally supportive. It should be considered in any teenager presenting with recurrent episodes of hypersomnia concurrent with cognitive changes or disinhibition.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Mental health and suicidal risk in lesbian, gay and bisexual population
Authors: Azevedo P. , Vitória J. , Norton A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionNowadays, the lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) community still suffers from prejudice and social stigma, including from medical professionals.Thus, it is urgent to draw attention to this population since these individuals have an increased risk of mental disorders, substance abuse and dependence, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt or complete suicide.AimsTo underline the prevalence of mental disorders and increased suicide risk in the LGB population.ObjectivesTo summarize the latest literature about this field.MethodsA brief review of the latest literature was performed on PubMed using the keywords “mental health”, “suicidal risk”, “LGB population”.ResultsLGB individuals appear to be at increased risk of mental disorders and suicidal behavior than heterosexuals. According to Meyer, they are exposed to what is called the minority stress: proximal, depending on the subject and related to fear of rejection and internalized homophobia and distal, regardless of the individual including prejudice, social stress, social exclusion (including their own families) and violence.The odds of attempting suicide are approximately 2 to 7 times higher for lesbians, gay men and bisexuals (LGBs) than for heterosexuals.ConclusionsMinority stress related to prejudice and stigma against LGB people has a significant risk that can be related to suicide ideation and attempt.The higher rate of many psychiatric conditions noted in this community underscores the need for clinicians to provide nonjudgmental care and approachable environment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Relationship of suicide ideation with depression and hopelessness
Authors: Alsalman R. , Alansari B. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionThe association between suicide ideation, depression, and hopelessness is relatively ignored in the literature of the Arab World, particularly using suicide ideation, Beck Depression, and hopelessness inventories.ObjectiveThe specific research questions related to this model are as follows: does the relationship between suicide ideation, depression, and hopelessness, postulate the latent factor?MethodsThe participants were 200 girls, first year Kuwait University students. The mean age (18.18 ± 0.38) and BMI (23.50 ± 4.85). The Arabic versions of the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), and demographic surveys were administered to participants in the class. All participants read and signed a consent form before test administration. The correlation matrices, exploratory factor analysis, and reliability analysis are used in this study.ResultsInternal consistency of scores were satisfactory for the BSI, BDI-II, & BHS inventories respectively (Cronbach's alpha = .91, .89, .85). A correlation of (r = .53) between the BSI and BDI-II and (r = .43) with BHS. Meanwhile, a correlation of (r = .58) between BDI-II & BHS. A principal-axis factor analysis with oblique rotation suggested one factor accounting for 67.73% of the common variance.ConclusionThis trend indicates there is a strong relationship of suicide ideation with depression and hopelessness. The results of the present study suggest that targeting depression may be as important in adolescents as in adults to reduce suicidal ideation and prevent suicidal attempts.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Dermal reactivity and resilience in a sample of depressed patients
Authors: Coppola I. , Gattoni E. , Gramaglia C. , Di Marco S. , Delicato C. , Marangon D. , Feggi A. , Martelli M. , Guerriero C. , Thorell L.H. , Sarchiapone M. , Torre E. , Zeppegno P. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundMental disorders are considered a risk factor for suicide: for example, the lifetime risk of suicide is estimated to be 4%–8% in people with mood disorders. The literature suggests that a history of suicide attempts is significantly related to electrodermal hyporeactivity and that patients with violent suicide attempters exhibit faster habituation of the electrodermal response to repeated neutral tones than patients with non-violent attempts. The impact of depressive symptoms on suicidal ideation may be moderated by resilience. Resilience refers to the ability to maintain o regain mental health despite experiencing adversity. In bipolar and depressive disorders, resilience may influence severity of episodes, frequency of relapse and response to treatment.AimThe objective of our study was to assess the possible correlation among attempted suicide, resilience and dermal reactivity in a sample of depressed patients.MethodsWe recruited patients with depressive disorders and bipolar depression; data about socio-demographic, clinical features, severity of attempted suicide and suicidal risk were gathered. Patients filled in the Resilience Scale for Adult (RSA). Moreover, for each patient we performed the Edor test in order to assess dermal reactivity.ResultsData collection is still ongoing. We expect to find lower levels of resilience in those patients who are hyporeactive and attempted suicide. Moreover, we hypothesize that suicide attempts in the group of hyporeactive patients would be characterized by planning and greater severity. Clinical implications will be discussed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Suicide: A major public health problem
Authors: Hernandez Anton R. , Dominguez Alvarez E. , Alvarez Astorga A. , Rybak Koite E. , Gomez Sanchez S. , Rodriguez Andres L. , Mayor Toranzo E. , Hernandez Garcia M. , Blanco Garrote J.M. , Maderuelo J.M. , Garcia Santos M.V. , De La Red Gallego H. , Uribe Ladron De Cegama F. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionSuicide is the deliberate act of take off life to itself. According to WHO, more than one million people commit suicide every year.GoalsCompare data of suicide attempts between 1996 and 2014 in the University Hospital of Valladolid. Influence of the economic crisis on suicide data. Expose the risk factors. Provide prevention strategies.Material and methodsWe have performed a study of epidemiological surveillance collecting descriptive data of suicide attempts; using the same methodology as in 1996. The variables studied were: sex, age, day, month, residence, method, personal status, education, employment status, religious believes, family history of suicide, psychiatric history and family and personal psychiatric history.ResultsIncrease in the rate of suicide attempts 27%. Distribution by sex is similar, but in 2014, a higher proportion was observed in males. The percentage of women is significantly higher than that of men in the group of teenagers (10–19 years old) (20% women vs. 4.5% of men; P = 0.005); 83.5% have a psychiatric diagnosis (54.2% of them have a depressive disorder). Unemployment and economic problems stand out as environmental stressors in 2014. The main suicide method used in Valladolid is the hanging, and the second method used is the precipitation.ConclusionsThe primary, secondary and tertiary prevention strategies are very important. Suicide is the major cause of mortality in the young age group (15–24 years old). Mortality in the general population has been on a downward trend; but suicide rates per 100,000 population has remained stable over the last decade.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Physician suicide prevention
Authors: Poças A. , Pinto Almeida S. 
Published: May 2016

Every year there is a medical school full of physicians who commit suicide. Depression is a major risk factor and physicians frequently fail to recognize their own depression and that or their colleagues. Even when they do, many of them avoid treatment. The greater knowledge of lethality of drugs and easy access to means can contribute to the higher suicide rate among physicians.Some studies say that training physicians are at particularly high risk of suicide, with suicidal ideation increasing more than 4-fold during the first three months of internship year. In Portugal, there are no reliable statistics about resident's suicide. We do not even talk a lot about it and the collective silence only compounds the problem – the refusal to speak perpetuates the stigma that mental health problems are signs of weakness or failure. Assess existing resources and best practices should be the next step to establish training programs to suicide prevention in these professionals, addressing response programs. As primary prevention, we should act in order to prevent healthy medical students or physicians from developing a condition that would lead to suicide. A randomized clinical trial in US with 199 residents from multiple specialties found that a free, easily accessible, brief web-based cognitive behavioural therapy program is associated with reduced likelihood of suicidal ideation among medical residents.It is also essential too early diagnose and treat after the illness onset. Moreover, it should exist a rehabilitation of suicidal physicians and their return to maximal function with minimal risk for recurrence.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Predictors of suicidal behaviour persistence and recurrence
Authors: Untu I. , Cartas N. , Mutică M. , Ciubară B.A. , Ciubară A. , Roxana C. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionSuicidal behaviour represents a global public health issues; personal suicidal history is the most common predictor of the persistence and recurrence of suicidal ideation and behaviour in general.ObjectiveThis paper proposes to elaborate a synthesis of the scientific literature, concerning the main predictive factors of the persistence and recurrence of suicidal behaviour, considering that the current diagnostic criteria available fail to make a distinction and to specify clearly the differences between all psychiatric disorders without self-harming behaviour and the same nosological entity accompanied by suicidal behaviour.Materials and methodsI conducted a literature review, by analyzing the data concerning the predictors of the persistence and recurrence of self-harming behaviour, obtained from articles published between January 2013 and January 2015. I browsed the PubMed website, by keywords such as suicide, suicidal risk, suicide predictor, persistent suicidal ideation, and suicidal behaviour recurrence.ResultsThe scientific literature underscores that that entrapment and defeat are two elements often neglected; however, they should be a priority criterion, alongside traditional predictive factors, such as the following: gender, age, history of suicide attempts, socio-familial status, etc. All of these factors must be considered within the complex endeavour of assessing suicidal risk. However, there is still only scarce validated data concerning the mechanism that leads to entrapment and the one that determines its relation with self-harming behaviour.ConclusionsThis paper proposes to synthesize the current data concerning suicide predictors, in order to obtain new research assumptions. The final purpose is to develop proper preventive and therapeutic approaches.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Cognitive engagement profile of the fluency tasks performance by patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Karakula-Juchnowicz H. , Krukow P. , Morylowska-Topolska J. , Flis M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionFluency tasks, e.g. verbal, design fluency test, etc. are often used in the evaluation of cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia. In the standard approach, the test result is the sum of stimuli generated in a given time period. However, this approach does not allow to determinate of what strategies are used by subjects to regulate the cognitive engagement during task execution.AimTo investigate the specific dynamic profile of fluency tests performance comparing with healthy controls.MethodsThirty patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 30 demographically matched healthy controls took part in the study. Participants performed two tests: COWAT (3 trials) and Ruff Figural Fluency Test in accordance with the original instructions. During the generation of these stimuli, the investigator wrote down their quantity in 15-second intervals, which enables the assessment of cognitive engagement variability in different parts of the whole time (1 minute).ResultsComparison of cognitive engagement variation in both fluency tests showed statistically significant differences. The differences in repeated measures ANOVA with group as an independent variables reached P < 0.0001. Factor differentiating the profiles in verbal and figural fluency was first 15 seconds after the tasks started.ConclusionsThe beginning of task was the most difficult part for patients with schizophrenia, which may indicate that the overall worse performance of fluency tests is associated with significant difficulties in mobilizing the cognitive activity.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Erotomania: A case and review
Authors: Almada A. , Luengo A. , Casquinha P. , Heitor M.J. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionErotomania (“Clérambault's syndrome”) is a rare syndrome characterized by a delusional belief of being loved by another person, usually of higher social status.ObjectiveThis case report aims to describe and discuss a case of erotomania, providing an updated review on this disorder.MethodsRegular clinical interviews were performed during admission period to collect information about the clinical case and to promote an intervention approach to the patient. A literature review in Science Direct database, with the keyword “erotomania”, was also conducted.ResultsA 51-year-old woman was admitted in Beatriz Ângelo Hospital psychiatric ward with delusional beliefs of being loved by the ex-boss. Positive misperceptions and persecutory delusions regarding her husband as the obstacle for the love were manifested. The lack of insight for the situation and the necessity of treatment created some difficulties. A clinical report and a bibliographic review were made to allow a better understanding about the case and to orient the case evidence based.ConclusionsDespite the evidence about the good response of atypical antipsychotics (e.g. risperidone) in erotomania, in our case study, the partial remission was only achieved with high dose of the old typical antipsychotic, pimozide.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.