bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalencia de defectos de desarrollo del esmalte en dentición temporal, en una población bogotana
Authors: Osorio Tovar Johana Patricia , Naranjo Sierra María Claudia , Rodriguez Godoy Mauricio 
Published: February 2017

Objetivo Determinar en un área con fluorización sistémica, la prevalencia de defectos de desarrollo del esmalte en dentición temporal de niños/niñas entre 4 y 6 años de un colegio público de Bogotá, Colombia.Método En 153 escolares se realizó muestreo aleatorio simple obteniendo 62 niños sistémicamente sanos en quienes se valoraron clínica y detalladamente los dientes. La examinadora fue calibrada con una experta en el índice modificado de Defectos de Desarrollo del Esmalte de la Federación Dental Internacional obteniendo Kappa interexaminador de 0,9 e intraexaminador de 0,8. Se contó con consentimiento informado y aprobación del estudio por parte del Comité de Ética de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional.Resultados La prevalencia de DDE fue de 74,2 % (IC 95 % 62,1-83,4) distribuidos en: opacidades demarcadas 86,9 % (IC 95 % 74,3-93,3), opacidades difusas 76,1 % (IC 95 % 62,4-85,7) e hipoplasias 2,2 % (IC 95 % 0,4-11,1). La combinación de defectos más frecuente en un mismo individuo fue opacidades demarcadas y difusas. El maxilar más afectado fue el superior 54,6 % y los dientes más comprometidos fueron los segundos molares 56 %. El promedio de dientes afectados con DDE por individuo fue de 4,7 ± DE 2,6.Conclusiones La alta prevalencia de defectos de desarrollo del esmalte encontrada, así la severidad haya sido baja, debe alertar a órganos decisores en salud para ejercer controles orientados a prevenirlos. Se deben realizar más estudios con metodologías estandarizadas para llegar a conocer la prevalencia global de los defectos.
Frecuencia de dermatomicosis y factores asociados en población vulnerable de la ciudad de Manizales. Colombia. 2011
Authors: Estrada Salazar Gloria Ines , Chacón-Cardona José A. 
Published: February 2017

Resumen:Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de las dermatomicosis en personas de diferentes instituciones de atención social en la ciudad de Manizales durante el año 2011. Método: Mediante la toma de muestras de los sitios que presentaban algún tipo de lesión sospechosa de ser una micosis cutánea, se hizo un análisis directo con KOH y cultivo en medios de Saboureaud y Mycosel. Se aplicó un instrumento de recolección de información para establecer factores asociados con la presencia de estos microorganismos.Resultados: Los hongos levaduriformes encontrados con mayor frecuencia fueron: Candida albicans, Trichosporon sp, y los mohos saprofitos Penicillium sp, fusarium sp; seguido de hongos dermatofitos como: Trichophyton mentagrophites, Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum y Microsporum gypseum. Las lesiones secas y descamativas se encontraron con mayor frecuencia. El compartir baños y vivir en hacinamiento y el uso de elementos comunes fueron los factores asociados más importantes en este estudio.Conclusiones. Las dermatomicosis son frecuentes en poblaciones vulnerables y se asocian a diferentes factores muy similares a los encontrados en otros estudios de igual naturaleza. Palabras clave: dermatomicosis, onicomicosis, jóvenes, ancianos, factores asociados. Summary:Objective: To determine the frequency of ringworm in people of different social care institutions in the city of Manizales in 2011.Method: Using the sampling sites that had some kind of suspicious lesion from a cutaneous mycosis, direct analysis with KOH and culture media was Saboureaud and Mycosel. An instrument of data collection was used to establish factors associated with the presence of these microorganisms.Results: The yeast found most frequently were: Candida albicans, Trichosporon sp and Penicillium molds saprophytes sp, Fusarium sp, followed by dermatophyte fungi such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum and Microsporum gypseum. Dry scaly lesions were found more frequently. The shared bathrooms and living in overcrowded and the use of common elements were the most important in this study associated factors.Conclusions: Dermatomycoses are common in vulnerable populations and are associated with different very similar to those found in other studies of the same nature factors. Keywords: ringworm, onychomycosis, young, old, associated factors.
Entre a norma e o fato urbano-metropolitano: possibilidades e limitações das inovações institucionais para a gestão territorial na Região Metropolitana de Campinas-SP / Between the standard and the urban and metropolitan fact: possibilities and limitations of institutional innovations for territorial management in the Metropolitan Region of Campinas-SP
Authors: Moreira Junior Orlando 
Published: February 2017

Resumo
A ideia central deste trabalho é apresentar as possibilidades para a gestão e o planejamento urbano e regional advindas com as inovações institucionais trazidas pela Constituição de 1988 e pelo Estatuto da Cidade de 2001. Para exemplificar, é utilizado o caso do processo de regionalização, em especial, a criação legal de região metropolitana, tendo como referencial empírico a Região Metropolitana de Campinas-SP. A partir deste caso, é possível identificar os desafios enfrentados na transposição do plano das ideias para o plano da aplicação daquilo que consta nos documentos oficiais. Isto evidencia um descompasso entre a norma e o fato urbano e metropolitano, ampliando os desafios para o estabelecimento de uma governança metropolitana efetiva.

Abstract
The central idea of this paper is to present the possibilities for the management and urban and regional planning stemming from the institutional innovations introduced by the 1988 Constitution and the 2001 Statute of the City. As an example we use the case of the regionalization process, in particular the legal creation of the metropolitan area, with the empirical reference of the Metropolitan Region of Campinas-SP. From this case it is possible to identify the challenges faced in the implementation plan of the ideas for the transition from the of the ideas to the implementation of the plan of what appears in official documents. This reflects a mismatch between the standard and the urban and metropolitan fact, increasing the challenges for the establishment of an effective metropolitan governance.
Territorio, elites y redes socio-institucionales en la Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina, hacia el siglo XX. Modelos en disputa, industrialismo vs agronegocios / Territory, elites and socio-institucional networks in the province of Córdoba, Argentina, to the twentieth century. Models in dispute, industrialism vs agribusiness
Authors: Emiliozzi Analia Laura , Donadoni Mónica Adriana , Civitaresi Héctor Martín 
Published: February 2017

Resumen
El análisis de la emergencia y consolidación de redes de distinta naturaleza y alcance asigna una importancia creciente dentro de los estudios territoriales. Diferentes autores consideran al territorio como un conjunto de relaciones políticas, económicas, sociales, culturales y ecológicas que se caracterizan como una red construida sobre una historia territorial.
En este artículo se hace hincapié en la estructura espacial y económica en la región sur de la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina, con foco en la ciudad de Río Cuarto, identificando las redes socio-institucionales construidas por las élites dominantes y sus principales vínculos a través del tiempo.

Abstract
Analysing emergence and consolidation of networks from different nature and scope assigns increasing importance within territorial studies. Different authors consider to territory as a set of political, economic, social, cultural and ecological relationships characterized as a network built on a territorial history. This article emphasises in the spatial and economic structure in the southern region of the province of Cordoba, Argentina, with focus in Rio Cuarto City, identifying the institutional networks built by dominant elites and their main links through time.

Resumo
A análise da emergência e consolidação de redes de diferente natureza e alcance atribui uma importância crescente nos estudos territoriais. Diferentes autores consideram o território como um conjunto de relações econômicas, sociais, culturais, ecológicas e políticas, caracterizados como uma história construída sobre uma rede territorial. Este artigo enfatiza a estrutura espacial e econômica na região sul da Província de Córdoba, Argentina, com o foco na cidade de Rio Cuarto, identificando as redes institucionais construídas pelas elites dominantes e suas principais ligações através do tempo.
INTERNET E RELIGIÃO: O CANDOMBLÉ DE YOUTUBE
Authors: Dos Santos Messias Ivan , Alberto Ferreira Danon Carlos 
Published: February 2017

Objetivo: Este texto defende que a internet democratizou a dinâmica das relações humanas e, mais especificamente, da cultura religiosa. O canal Youtube é um modo de consagração e radicalização do modelo democrático virtual, na medida em que as religiões, inclusive a Umbanda e o Candomblé, participam, promovem-se e se potencializam através da exposição de vídeos. Métodos: Os vídeos de entrevistas, testemunhos, festas religiosas, músicas e ritos no site Youtube são analisados sob enfoque filosófico e sócio-político de teóricos da comunicação como Pierry Levy, Muniz Sodré, J. Burguess, os quais contribuem nas reflexões sobre virtualização, mídia, informação, cultura e sociedade; autores como Altair T`Ogun, José Beniste, Márcio de Jagun, V. Betancourt reforçam esta escrita através de materiais e textos sobre tradição e dinâmica religiosa. Discussão: Por isso, em um segundo momento das reflexões, este texto mostra o quanto a perda e a debilidade física são produtoras de cultura. Ao contrário do que se pensa, a internet conserva e fortalece as tradições e a identidade religiosa; aumenta a possibilidade de aprendizagem e acesso a saberes antes escondidos. Os relatos no Youtube sobre vivência e trajetória dos indivíduos revelam que a cultura também provém da dor e da doença - consequentemente, apresentam outra abordagem sobre tradição, ancestralidade e oralidade. Enfim, este artigo focaliza a interação entre tecnologias da informação e religião, entre condicionamento corporal e cultura.
DE PROFESSOR A TUTOR: DESEJO E DISCURSOS NA ARTICULAÇÃO ENTRE PBL E PSICANÁLISE - RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Lessa Andrade Filha Lêda , Castro Maria Luiza Sarno 
Published: February 2017

Os impasses referentes à transmissão do saber foram sinalizados por Freud na medida em que o interesse na articulação entre a psicanálise e a pedagogia crescia, donde decorreu a sua afirmação sobre o impossível contido nos ofícios de educar, governar e psicanalisar. Este artigo apresenta uma experiência no ensino da psicologia com o uso do método PBL ( Problem Based Learning). O ponto do qual se parte para uma análise é o dos deslocamentos ocorridos quando o professor passa à condição de tutor, e o eixo de abordagem das questões que aí se desdobram é a psicanálise – mais especificamente, os discursos conforme trabalhados por Lacan. Diante das dificuldades contemporâneas relacionadas à transmissão no âmbito do ensino – aqui, especificamente, o da psicologia –, as autoras pensam ser o PBL uma alternativa interessante de trabalho em face dos métodos tradicionais, uma vez que ele, o PBL, mesmo sem assim o explicitar, permite instaurar o discurso que visa o desejo. Ademais, o dispositivo próprio ao método – abertura e fechamento de problema, estabelecimento de objetivos de pesquisa a partir das discussões entre os alunos, participação do professor na condição de tutor produz incontestáveis deslocamentos na posição de saber, impactando o ato de ensinar e o trabalho de aprender. A experiência com o PBL, se bem conduzida, convoca o aluno à responsabilização pela sua produção, e o professor a declinar da usual conduta de ministrar a lição, de modo que fica valorizado o conhecimento como algo sempre a advir, e que se processa nas trocas coletivas.
Prevalence of anaemia among the hospitalized children in a rural tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Muthusamy Bala Gopal , Venugopal Vinayagamoorthy , S. Sumithra 
Published: February 2017

Background: The most important nutritional deficiency (micronutrient deficiency) among children in the present world is iron deficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of nutritional anemia (iron deficiency anemia) among the hospitalized children in the tertiary care rural hospital. To evaluate the distribution of anemia among various age groups, sex and its association with various systemic illness.Methods: Retrospective (record based) cross sectional study carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Information regarding age, gender, chief complaints, laboratory investigations carried out like total WBC count, haemoglobin was collected. Final diagnosis with system of involvement was documented. These factors were analysed.Results: Data collected from 905 patients were analysed for the study purpose. Out of 270 children in the age group of less than 2 years 72% of children were anemic. In the age group of 2-5 years55.7% of children were anemic. Nearly 2/3 of children in less than 5 years of hospitalized children were anemic. Overall 50% of children between1 month to 12 years were anemic. System wise analysis have shown 57% of respiratory cases, 47 % of gastrointestinal cases and 48% of infectious disease cases were anaemic.Conclusions: Nutritonal anemia is a major health burden in young children in developing countries. Iron deficiency in early life during the period of brain maturation is extensively studied by various research groups. Changes in brain were also reported in animal studies. Understanding the impacts of iron deficiency in terms of its role in cognitive development, intellectual development, motor development, immune function, school performance and physical development this is considered as an important and urgent public health problem in our country.
Biochemical parameters (lactate dehydrogenase, serum albumin) as early predictor of severe dengue
Authors: Shankar Poornima , B. Prarthana 
Published: February 2017

Background: Dengue fever (DF) is the arboviral infection with the largest incidence worldwide. Clinical expression of dengue virus infection varies from no symptoms to severe dengue with shock. It is the most rapidly spreading vector borne disease in the world. Nearly 100 million cases of Dengue fever and between 250,000 and 500,000 cases of severe dengue are annually reported to the WHO. The objective of this study was to study aims at determining the LDH and serum albumin levels as early parameter to predict the severity of Dengue illness.Methods: A observational clinical study conducted at K.I.M.S hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, a tertiary care hospital. Children admitted in KIMS Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, a tertiary care hospital, Serum LDH and serum albumin levels are measured using the blood sample taken on the 3rd day of fever after confirmation of dengue fever (NS1 Ag- positive).Results: Study enrolled 150 patients with confirmed infection of Dengue virus who were admitted to paediatric unit between July 2014 and December 2016. Serum samples taken 72-96 hours within onset of fever were used for biochemical tests. Of 150 patients, 40 developed Severe Dengue (SD). Cases of SD had higher levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and low levels of serum albumin. Multivariate analysis showed that early alterations of LDH levels i.e. Out of 40 patients who developed severe dengue, 37 patients i.e. 92.7% had raised levels of LDH with levels more than >600 IU and<3 levels of serum albumin 13 patients i.e 32.5% of severe dengue cases with P value of < 0.001, which showed significant association.Conclusions: Early alterations of biochemical parameter like LDH and serum albumin can predict Severe Dengue in patients with acute dengue illness.
Prevalence of road traffic accident in children: retrospective study in tertiary centre
Authors: G. P. Mallikarjuna , G. S. Latha , D. V. Veeresh Babu , H. K. Thejraj 
Published: February 2017

Background: Road traffic accidents (RTA) are the leading cause of unnatural deaths in the world and a major burden on the world’s economy. The aim was to study the prevalence of road traffic accident among children.Methods: It is a retrospective cross sectional study. Data collected from the hospital records in PICU. Children studied are either admitted directly for road traffic accident or referred to our centre for complicated injuries. children of 1 to 18 years are studied, details of address, locality (either rural, urban) road safety precautions used, mode of injury, type of vehicle, type of injury, number of passengers, complications, outcome of injury are collected and entered in prescribed proforma, and impact of each one is analysed and magnitude is studied. Study period was from June 2014 to June 2016.Results: This study shows that road traffic accident prevalence is more in 15-18 year age group (31%), and males are affected more commonly (79.5%), among these majority of children were from rural area (73%), more common type of injury were complicated injuries (85.1%). Children travelling in 2 wheelers were affected more (74.9%). Results analysed with age of victims and type of injury, p value <0.05 is considered significant.Conclusions: To bring the mortality rate down, children especially with rural background should be made aware about the importance of strict compliance to traffic rules and regulations. Government need to start implementing traffic rules awareness programme among rural people.
A study of clinical and laboratory profile of scrub typhus in children in a tertiary hospital in South India
Authors: Kumar Radha , Srinivasan Purusothaman 
Published: February 2017

Background: Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness caused by infection with Orientia tsutsugamushi. The present study was conducted to study the clinical features, laboratory profile, complications and response to therapy among children suffering from scrub typhus in a tertiary health care institution of Tamil Nadu, India.Methods: The study was conducted at Saveetha Medical College Hospital, Tamil Nadu, India. Duration of the study was from August to December, 2015 in the Department of Pediatrics. Children with clinically suspected Scrub typhus were subjected to detailed clinical examination and investigation. Diagnosis of scrub typhus was confirmed by IgM ELISA. Results: 34 patients were diagnosed as suffering from scrub typhus. Common symptoms noted were fever, headache, cough and cold, chills, rigor, myalgia and vomiting. The common complications noted were thrombocytopenia in 16 children (47%) and features of meningoencephalitis and hepatitis were present in 2 children (5.8%). Eschar was identified in 24 (70.5%) patients. Mixed infection was seen in 4 (11.7%) children who had concurrent culture positive Urinary Tract Infection. Conclusions: Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness which requires high index of suspicion for early diagnosis, monitoring of the clinical and laboratory parameters and prompt treatment which may help in complete cure without further complications and morbidity.
Morbidity pattern and outcome of children admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit of Eastern India
Authors: Sahoo Bandya , Patnaik Sibabratta , Mishra Reshmi , Jain Mukesh Kumar 
Published: February 2017

Background: In developing countries, there is scarce data on paediatric critical care. This makes modification of practices to improve outcome, difficult. The above study was done to highlight the lack of facilities and concept of pediatric critical in the eastern part of India so that modification of management can lead to better outcome of critically ill children.Methods: A retrospective study of the demography, clinical profile, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of children admitted to the PICU of Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences from January 2014 to December 2015 was done. Results: A total of 848 children were admitted to the PICU with male and female children being 61.3% and 38.7% respectively. Diagnoses included infectious diseases (20.7%), respiratory disease (19.1%), central nervous system diseases (14.3%), cardiovascular diseases (10.8%), gastrointestinal diseases (7%), surgical problems (4.7%) haematological (4%), renal (3.3%), poisonings (1.4%), and others (14.3%). Out of 848 admitted children, 4.1% died and (1.4%) left against medical advice (8.5%) children received mechanical ventilation, among which (62.5%) improved, 34.7% died and 2.8% children left against medical advice. Multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and co-morbidity were present in 25% and 22% respectively. The proportion of death among patients admitted to PICU was 4.1%.Conclusions: The leading cause of admission was infectious and respiratory diseases. Children with MODS and co-morbidity had higher mortality. The overall mortality rate in our PICU was low. We conclude, a well-equipped intensive care unit with modern and innovative facilities leads to a good outcome.
Effect of multimodal therapy on children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Mhtare Priti , Gajre Mona , Karia Sagar , Chheda Nidhi , Saroj Dinesh , Sousa Avinash De 
Published: February 2017

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurobehavioral disorder affecting school aged children. Multimodal treatment is the most effective form of treatment which includes multiple elements like parent and child education about diagnosis and treatment, specific behaviour management techniques, medications and appropriate educational programs. This study was planned to study effect of multimodal intervention i.e. medication along with behavioral modification therapy and occupational therapy given to children with ADHD.Methods: This was a longitudinal, prospective study carried out from January 2014 to October 2014, in which children coming to pediatric neuro-developmental centre and diagnosed as ADHD were included. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) was given along with required medications to these children. Improvement in symptoms was checked by Conner scale 3TM long form given to both parents and teachers. Results: 41 out of 50 children complied with our study and majority were of ADHD- combined type (92.6%). 31 out of 41 students achieved non-significant, T- score at the end of 6 months on Global score of Conner Scale.Conclusions: Multimodal intervention was found effective in treating children with ADHD.