bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE FIRST COMMANDMENT WITH A PROMISE: RECENT AMERICAN PREACHING ON “HONOR YOUR FATHER AND YOUR MOTHER”
Authors: Long Thomas G. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractChristian sermons characteristically result from the interaction of a biblical text and the social and cultural contexts in which the sermon is created and into which it is spoken. In this regard, biblical texts are understood not as containers of unchanging truth but as fields of meaning capable of yielding different insights in each new context, and sermons constitute oral performances of these insights. As a test case, American Christian sermons based upon the so-called fifth commandment (“Honor your father and your mother …”) were examined from two time periods: 1960–1980 and 2000–present. In the earlier period, a time of anxiety about changing norms of social authority, the sermons typically presented the fifth commandment as addressed to young children, calling them to obey their parents. In the later period, a time when the large baby boomer generation is increasingly assuming care for aging parents, the sermons typically presented the fifth commandment as addressed not to youth but rather to adults charged with the responsibility to care for the elderly. While understanding the fifth commandment as addressed to adult children is probably closer to the original meaning of the text, both audiences for the commandment (adult children and youthful children) are within the field of meaning of the text and, indeed, both understandings find expression elsewhere in scripture.
Animating Brains
Authors: Borck Cornelius 
Published: June 2016

A recent paper famously accused the rising field of social neuroscience of using faulty statistics under the catchy title ‘Voodoo Correlations in Social Neuroscience’. This Special Issue invites us to take this claim as the starting point for a cross-cultural analysis: in which meaningful ways can recent research in the burgeoning field of functional imaging be described as, contrasted with, or simply compared to animistic practices? And what light does such a reading shed on the dynamics and effectiveness of a century of brain research into higher mental functions?Reviewing the heated debate from 2009 around recent trends in neuroimaging as a possible candidate for current instances of ‘soul catching’, the paper will then compare these forms of primarily image-based brain research with older regimes, revolving around the deciphering of the brain’s electrical activity. How has the move from a decoding paradigm to a representational regime affected the conceptualisation of self, psyche, mind and soul (if there still is such an entity)? And in what ways does modern technoscience provide new tools for animating brains?
HINDU–MUSLIM FERTILITY DIFFERENTIAL IN INDIA: A COHORT APPROACH
Authors: Pasupuleti Samba Siva Rao , Pathak Prasanta , Jatrana Santosh 
Published: June 2016

SummaryHindus and Muslims together account for 94% of the population of India. The fertility differential between these two religious groups is a sensitive and hotly debated issue in political and academic circles. However, the debate is mostly based on a period approach to fertility change, and there have been some problems with the reliability of period fertility data. This study investigated cohort fertility patterns among Hindus and Muslims and the causes of the relatively higher level of fertility among Muslims. Data from the three National Family Health Surveys conducted in India since the early 1990s were analysed using a six-parameter special form of the Gompertz model and multiple linear regression models. The results show a gap of more than 1.3 children per woman between those Muslim and Hindu women who ended/will end their reproductive period in the calendar years 1993 to 2025. The socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of Muslims explain 31.2% of the gap in fertility between Muslims and Hindus, while the desire for more children among Muslims explains an additional 18.2% of the gap in fertility.
Integer sequences that behave as Fibonacci-Lucas pairs
Authors: Di Domenico A. S. 
Published: June 2016

There have been a number of articles on the relation between the terms of the Fibonacci and Lucas sequences and how they are closely related to trigonometric and hyperbolic functions and their properties [1]. This article is based on other integer sequences. It sets out to determine other pairs of such sequences that have the same relation as the Fibonacci and Lucas have to each other. So we shall be concerned with second order recurrence relations with constant coefficients:and pairs of sequences (un) and (vn) that each satisfy it. We seek a condition that ensures the pair of sequences behave as the Fibonacci-Lucas pair behave.
Composition of polynomials
Authors: Sury B. 
Published: June 2016

The motivation to write this paper arose out of the following problem which was posed in a recent mathematical olympiad:Given a polynomial P(X) with integer coefficients, show that there exist non-zero polynomials Q(X), R(X) with integer coefficients such that P(X)Q(X) is a polynomial in X2 and P(X)R(X) is a polynomial in X3.For instance, if P(X) = 2 − 5X + 3X2 + 12X3, then we notice that Q (X) = 2 + 5X + 3X2 − 12X3 serves the purpose for the first part, viz.A moment's thought makes it fairly evident that this trick easily solves the first part of the problem for a general polynomial P(X).
Interhemispheric white matter integrity in young people with bipolar disorder and at high genetic risk
Authors: Roberts G. , Wen W. , Frankland A. , Perich T. , Holmes-Preston E. , Levy F. , Lenroot R. K. , Hadzi-Pavlovic D. , Nurnberger J. I. , Breakspear M. , Mitchell P. B. 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundWhite matter (WM) impairments have been reported in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and those at high familial risk of developing BD. However, the distribution of these impairments has not been well characterized. Few studies have examined WM integrity in young people early in the course of illness and in individuals at familial risk who have not yet passed the peak age of onset.MethodWM integrity was examined in 63 BD subjects, 150 high-risk (HR) individuals and 111 participants with no family history of mental illness (CON). All subjects were aged 12 to 30 years.ResultsThis young BD group had significantly lower fractional anisotropy within the genu of the corpus callosum (CC) compared with the CON and HR groups. Moreover, the abnormality in the genu of the CC was also present in HR participants with recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD) (n = 16) compared with CON participants.ConclusionsOur findings provide important validation of interhemispheric abnormalities in BD patients. The novel finding in HR subjects with recurrent MDD – a group at particular risk of future hypo/manic episodes – suggests that this may potentially represent a trait marker for BD, though this will need to be confirmed in longitudinal follow-up studies.
REPRESENTATION WITHOUT TAXATION, TAXATION WITHOUT CONSENT: THE LEGACY OF SPANISH COLONIALISM IN AMERICA
Authors: Irigoin Alejandra 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThe essay examines Spain’s colonial legacy in the long-run development of Spanish America. It surveys the fiscal and constitutional outcomes of independence and assesses the relative burden imposed by colonialism. Constitutional asymmetries between revenue collecting and spending agents constrainedde factogovernments’ power to tax. Inherent disparities embedded in the colonial fiscal system worsened with vaguely defined representation for subjects and territories andvexedtheir aggregation into a modern representative polity. Governments with limited fiscal capacity failed to deliver public goods and to distribute the costs and benefits of independence equitably. Growing indirect taxes, debt and money creation allowed them to transfer the fiscal burden to other constituents or future generations. Taxpayers became aware of the asymmetry between private contributions and public goods and hence favoured a low but regressive taxation. Comparisons with trajectories in the metropolis and the United States are offered to qualify this legacy.
Antibiothérapie du sujet âgé : On peut toujours mieux faire
Authors: Tolsma Violaine , Gaillat Jacques , Pagani Leonardo 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTAntimicrobials are among the most prescribed drugs and their prescription increases with age, due to frailty and accrued risk factors for acquiring infections. Antimicrobial prescription in elderly patients must not only account for the risk of toxicity due to drug overexposure, but also of treatment failure or promotion of antimicrobial resistance due to under-dosage. This paper reviews the main antimicrobial, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variations induced by aging, comorbidities and polypharmacy, and how to take them into account to optimize antimicrobial prescription in elders.
Substance use to regulate intense posttraumatic shame in individuals with childhood abuse and neglect
Authors: Holl Julia , Wolff Sebastian , Schumacher Maren , Höcker Anja , Arens Elisabeth A. , Spindler Gabriela , Stopsack Malte , Südhof Jonna , Hiller Philipp , Klein Michael , Schäfer Ingo , Barnow Sven ,   Cansas Study Group
Published: June 2016

AbstractChildhood abuse and neglect (CAN) is considered as a risk factor for substance use disorder (SUD). Based on the drinking to cope model, this study investigated the association of two trauma-relevant emotions (shame and sadness) and substance use. Using ecological momentary assessment we compared real-time emotion regulation in situations with high and low intensity of shame and sadness in currently abstinent patients with CAN and lifetime SUD (traumaSUD group), healthy controls with CAN (traumaHC group), and without CAN (nontraumaHC group). Multilevel analysis showed a positive linear relationship between high intensity of both emotions and substance use for all groups. The traumaSUD group showed heightened substance use in low, as well as in high, intensity of shame and sadness. In addition, we found an interaction between type of emotion, intensity, and group: the traumaHC group exhibited a fourfold increased risk for substance use in high intense shame situations relative to the traumaSUD group. Our findings provide evidence for the drinking to cope model. The traumaSUD group showed a reduced distress tolerance for variable intensity of negative emotions. The differential effect of intense shame for the traumaHC group emphazises its potential role in the development of SUD following CAN. In addition, shame can be considered a relevant focus for therapeutic preinterventions and interventions for SUD after CAN.
Some results related to the continuity problem
Authors: SPREEN DIETER 
Published: June 2016

The continuity problem, i.e., the question whether effective maps between effectively given topological spaces are effectively continuous, is reconsidered. In earlier work, it was shown that this is always the case, if the effective map also has a witness for non-inclusion. The extra condition does not have an obvious topological interpretation. As is shown in the present paper, it appears naturally where in the classical proof that sequentially continuous maps are continuous, the Axiom of Choice is used. The question is therefore whether the witness condition appears in the general continuity theorem only for this reason, i.e., whether effective operators are effectively sequentially continuous. For two large classes of spaces covering all important applications, it is shown that this is indeed the case. The general question, however, remains open.Spaces in this investigation are in generalnotrequired to be Hausdorff. They only need to satisfy the weakerT0separation condition
The normative power of food promotions: Australian children’s attachments to unhealthy food brands
Authors: Kelly Bridget , Freeman Becky , King Lesley , Chapman Kathy , Baur Louise A , Gill Tim 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe formation of food brand associations and attachment is fundamental to brand preferences, which influence purchases and consumption. Food promotions operate through a cascade of links, from brand recognition, to affect, and on to consumption. Frequent exposures to product promotions may establish social norms for products, reinforcing brand affect. These pathways signify potential mechanisms for how children’s exposure to unhealthy food promotions can contribute to poor diets. The present study explored children’s brand associations and attachments for major food brands.DesignA cross-sectional online survey was conducted. Fourteen study brands were used, with each child viewing a set of seven logos. The questionnaire assessed perceptions of food brands and perceptions of users of brands, using semantic differential scales, and perceived brand ‘personalities’, using Likert scales.SettingNew South Wales, Australia, October–November 2014.SubjectsChildren aged 10–16 years (n417).ResultsChildren demonstrated strong positive affect to certain brands, perceiving some unhealthy food brands to have positive attributes, desirable user traits and alignment to their own personality. Brand personality traits of ‘smart’ and ‘sporty’ were viewed as indicators of healthiness. Brands with these traits were ranked lower for popularity.ConclusionsChildren’s brand associations and attachments indicate the potential normative social influences of promotions. While children are aware of brand healthiness as an attribute, this competes with other brand associations, highlighting the challenge of health/nutrition messaging to counter unhealthy food marketing. Restricting children’s exposure to unhealthy food marketing and the persuasive nature of marketing is an important part of efforts to improve children’s diet-related health.
Indirect estimates reveal the potential of transgene flow in the crop–wild–weedSorghum bicolorcomplex in its centre of origin, Ethiopia
Authors: Adugna Asfaw , Bekele Endashaw 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA study was carried out between 2008 and 2011 to investigate the potential risks of gene flow and its consequences in the crop–wild–weedS. bicolorcomplex in Ethiopia to aid efforts to conserve genetic diversity. Morphological measurements and genomic DNA samples were takenin situfrom 30 wild and eight cultivated populations representing a total of 760 samples from five regions. Genetic diversity, gene flow, population structure and outcrossing rates of wild populations were computed using phenotypic measurements and/or polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Moreover, morphological analyses of fitness of crop–wild hybrids were studied. High diversity was observed among the wild/weedy sorghum populations for phenotypic traits and SSRs. SSR diversity was high in both wild and cultivated populations, but the magnitude was greater in the former. Gene flow between the wild and the cultivated sorghum was observed to be higher than that within either pool. Wild sorghums exhibited variation in the multilocus outcrossing rate (range = 0.31–0.65) and fitness was not compromised in most wild × crop hybrids. The study indicated that crop-to-wild gene flow is possible in Ethiopia. Thus, genes from transgenic sorghum are expected to enter into the wild and non-transgenic cultivated populations and may spread and persist, if transgenic sorghum is deployed in Ethiopia and in other countries of Africa, which may pose risk of introduction of unwanted effects, which in turn may lead to loss of genetic diversity.
Comparison of biological effects of modulated electro-hyperthermia and conventional heat treatment in human lymphoma U937 cells
Authors: Andocs G , Rehman M U , Zhao Q-L , Tabuchi Y , Kanamori M , Kondo T 
Published: June 2016

AbstractLoco-regional hyperthermia treatment has long history in oncology. Modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT, trade name: oncothermia) is an emerging curative treatment method in this field due to its highly selective actions. The impedance-matched, capacitive-coupled modulated radiofrequency (RF) current is selectively focused in the malignant cell membrane of the cancer cells. Our objective is studying the cell-death process and comparing the cellular effects of conventional water-bath hyperthermia treatment to mEHT. The U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cell line was used for the experiments. In the case of conventional hyperthermia treatment, cells were immersed in a thermoregulated water bath, whereas in the case of mEHT, the cells were treated using a special RF generator (LabEHY, Oncotherm) and an applicator. The heating dynamics, the maximum temperature reached (42 °C) and the treatment duration (30 min) were exactly the same in both cases. Cell samples were analysed using different flow cytometric methods as well as microarray gene expression assay and western blot analysis was also used to reveal the molecular basis of the induced effects. Definite difference was observed in the biological response to different heat treatments. At 42 °C, only mEHT induced significant apoptotic cell death. The GeneChip analysis revealed a whole cluster of genes, which are highly up-regulated in case of only RF heating, but not in conventional heating. The Fas, c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and ERK signalling pathway was the dominant factor to induce apoptotic cell death in mEHT, whereas the cell-protective mechanisms dominated in case of conventional heating. This study has clearly shown that conventional hyperthermia and RF mEHT can result in different biological responses at the same temperature. The reason for the difference is the distinct, non-homogenous energy distribution on the cell membrane, which activates cell death-related signalling pathways in mEHT treatment but not in conventional heat treatment.
An epithelial marker promoter induction screen identifies histone deacetylase inhibitors to restore epithelial differentiation and abolishes anchorage independence growth in cancers
Authors: Tang H M , Kuay K T , Koh P F , Asad M , Tan T Z , Chung V Y , Lee S C , Thiery J P , Huang RY-J 
Published: June 2016

AbstractEpithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a crucial mechanism in development, mediates aggressiveness during carcinoma progression and therapeutic refractoriness. The reversibility of EMT makes it an attractive strategy in designing novel therapeutic approaches. Therefore, drug discovery pipelines for EMT reversal are in need to discover emerging classes of compounds. Here, we outline a pre-clinical drug screening platform for EMT reversal that consists of three phases of drug discovery and validation. From the Phase 1 epithelial marker promoter induction (EpI) screen on a library consisting of compounds being approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Vorinostat (SAHA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), is identified to exert EMT reversal effects by restoring the expression of an epithelial marker, E-cadherin. An expanded screen on 41 HDACi further identifies 28 compounds, such as class I-specific HDACi Mocetinosat, Entinostat and CI994, to restore E-cadherin and ErbB3 expressions in ovarian, pancreatic and bladder carcinoma cells. Mocetinostat is the most potent HDACi to restore epithelial differentiation with the lowest concentration required for 50% induction of epithelial promoter activity (EpIC-50).The HDACi exerts paradoxical effects on EMT transcriptional factors such as SNAI and ZEB family and the effects are context-dependent in epithelial- and mesenchymal-like cells. In vitro functional studies further show that HDACi induced significant increase in anoikis and decrease in spheroid formation in ovarian and bladder carcinoma cells with mesenchymal features. This study demonstrates a robust drug screening pipeline for the discovery of compounds capable of restoring epithelial differentiation that lead to significant functional lethality.
A splicing isoform of TEAD4 attenuates the Hippo–YAP signalling to inhibit tumour proliferation
Authors: Qi Yangfan , Yu Jing , Han Wei , Fan Xiaojuan , Qian Haili , Wei Huanhuan , Tsai Yi-hsuan S. , Zhao Jinyao , Zhang Wenjing , Liu Quentin , Meng Songshu , Wang Yang , Wang Zefeng 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAberrant splicing is frequently found in cancer, yet the biological consequences of such alterations are mostly undefined. Here we report that the Hippo–YAP signalling, a key pathway that regulates cell proliferation and organ size, is under control of a splicing switch. We show that TEAD4, the transcription factor that mediates Hippo–YAP signalling, undergoes alternative splicing facilitated by the tumour suppressor RBM4, producing a truncated isoform, TEAD4-S, which lacks an N-terminal DNA-binding domain, but maintains YAP interaction domain. TEAD4-S is located in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, acting as a dominant negative isoform to YAP activity. Consistently, TEAD4-S is reduced in cancer cells, and its re-expression suppresses cancer cell proliferation and migration, inhibiting tumour growth in xenograft mouse models. Furthermore, TEAD4-S is reduced in human cancers, and patients with elevated TEAD4-S levels have improved survival. Altogether, these data reveal a splicing switch that serves to fine tune the Hippo–YAP pathway.
Long-lived self-renewing bone marrow-derived macrophages displace embryo-derived cells to inhabit adult serous cavities
Authors: Bain Calum C. , Hawley Catherine A. , Garner Hannah , Scott Charlotte L. , Schridde Anika , Steers Nicholas J. , Mack Matthias , Joshi Anagha , Guilliams Martin , Mowat Allan Mc I. , Geissmann Frederic , Jenkins Stephen J. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPeritoneal macrophages are one of the most studied macrophage populations in the body, yet the composition, developmental origin and mechanisms governing the maintenance of this compartment are controversial. Here we show resident F4/80hiGATA6+ macrophages are long-lived, undergo non-stochastic self-renewal and retain cells of embryonic origin for at least 4 months in mice. However, Ly6C+ monocytes constitutively enter the peritoneal cavity in a CCR2-dependent manner, where they mature into short-lived F4/80loMHCII+ cells that act, in part, as precursors of F4/80hiGATA6+ macrophages. Notably, monocyte-derived F4/80hi macrophages eventually displace the embryonic population with age in a process that is highly gender dependent and not due to proliferative exhaustion of the incumbent embryonic population, despite the greater proliferative activity of newly recruited cells. Furthermore, although monocyte-derived cells acquire key characteristics of the embryonic population, expression of Tim4 was impaired, leading to cumulative changes in the population with age.
Laboratory analogue of a supersonic accretion column in a binary star system
Authors: Cross J. E. , Gregori G. , Foster J. M. , Graham P. , Bonnet-Bidaud J. -M. , Busschaert C. , Charpentier N. , Danson C. N. , Doyle H. W. , Drake R. P. , Fyrth J. , Gumbrell E. T. , Koenig M. , Krauland C. , Kuranz C. C. , Loupias B. , Michaut C. , Mouchet M. , Patankar S. , Skidmore J. , Spindloe C. , Tubman E. R. , Woolsey N. , Yurchak R. , Falize É. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAstrophysical flows exhibit rich behaviour resulting from the interplay of different forms of energy—gravitational, thermal, magnetic and radiative. For magnetic cataclysmic variable stars, material from a late, main sequence star is pulled onto a highly magnetized (B>10 MG) white dwarf. The magnetic field is sufficiently large to direct the flow as an accretion column onto the poles of the white dwarf, a star subclass known as AM Herculis. A stationary radiative shock is expected to form 100–1,000 km above the surface of the white dwarf, far too small to be resolved with current telescopes. Here we report the results of a laboratory experiment showing the evolution of a reverse shock when both ionization and radiative losses are important. We find that the stand-off position of the shock agrees with radiation hydrodynamic simulations and is consistent, when scaled to AM Herculis star systems, with theoretical predictions.