bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of the spatial patterns of water storage variation over China in recent 70 years
Authors: Chen Zheng , Jiang Weiguo , Wu Jianjun , Chen Kun , Deng Yue , Jia Kai , Mo Xinyu 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTerrestrial water storage (TWS) variation is crucial for global hydrological cycles and water resources management under climatic changes. In the previous studies, changes in water storage of some part of China have been studied with GRACE data in recent ten years. However, the spatial pattern of changes in water storage over China may be different in a long period. Here, we aimed to present long-term spatial patterns of TWS over China between 1948 to 2015 by unique Global Land Data Assimilation System Version 2 data and identify possible factors to water storage changes. The results revealed that the inner-annual variations in TWS of China exhibited remarkable downward trends with decreased rate of 0.1 cm/yr. Meanwhile, we found that spatial patterns of TWS in China can be divided into three distinct sub-regions of TWS region with increased, TWS region with decreased, TWS region with insignificant variation. The Northeast had decreased trends (−0.05 cm/yr) due to climate change and anthropogenic activities. Urban expansion is a non-ignorable factor to TWS reduction in Jing-Jin-Ji region (r = 0.61); the west had increased from 1948 to 2015 (0.03 cm/yr) due to precipitation increased and recharge by glacier melt; the south had insignificant trends and TWS varied with precipitation (r = 0.78).
Effect of probiotics on the meat flavour and gut microbiota of chicken
Authors: Wang Yan , Sun Jing , Zhong Hang , Li Nianzhen , Xu Hengyong , Zhu Qing , Liu Yiping 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTo date, no report has demonstrated the use of beneficial microbes for contributing to the flavour characteristics and gut microbiota diversity of chicken. Here, we selected six probiotics obtained from our laboratory and supplemented them in six different combinations to 420 newborn male Qingjiaoma chickens under the same controlled living environment (60 birds, no probiotic supplements). The results showed that chicken supplemented with Bacillus species showed beneficial effects in body weight. Acetate is the major fermentation production in the chicken caecum, and chicken supplemented with Pediococcus pentosaceus had the average higher short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) contents. In chicken caecal microflora, the abundance of Bacteroidetes bacteria was positively correlated with the content of propionate, butyrate, and isobutyrate, whereas an increase in acetate content was positively correlated to the abundance of Firmicutes. Compared to chickens without probiotic supplement, chickens supplemented with P. pentosaceus had more characteristic flavour compounds in the sampled breast meat, especially higher concentrations of (E)-2-heptenal, (E,E)-2,4-nonadienal, and certain C6-C9 unsaturated fatty acids. This resulted in a stronger chicken-fatty or fatty odour which directly improved the flavour. These findings suggest that probiotics can improve chicken meat flavour and increase gut microbiota diversity.
JMJD3 and NF-κB-dependent activation of Notch1 gene is required for keratinocyte migration during skin wound healing
Authors: Na Jungtae , Shin Jee Yoon , Jeong Hayan , Lee Jee Youn , Kim Beom Joon , Kim Won Sun , Yune Tae Young , Ju Bong-Gun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIt has been shown that epigenetic regulation plays an important role in skin wound healing. We previously found that histone H3K27me3 demethylase JMJD3 regulates inflammation and cell migration in keratinocyte wound healing. In this study, we identified Notch1 as a direct target of JMJD3 and NF-κB in wounded keratinocytes using in vitro cell and in vivo animal models. We found that Notch1 is up-regulated in the wound edge and its expression is dependent on JMJD3 and NF-κB in wounded keratinocytes. We also found that Notch1 activates the expression of RhoU and PLAU gene, which are critical regulators of cell migration. Consistently, depletion or inactivation of Notch1 resulted in decreased filopodia formation, increased focal adhesion and actin stress fiber, leading to reduced keratinocyte migration and skin wound healing. Thus, our findings provide the molecular mechanism involving JMJD3/NF-κB-Notch pathway in keratinocyte wound healing.
Cytogenotoxicity of Inclusion Complexes of Diazepam with 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin
Authors: Hadžiabdić Jasmina , Kopjar Nevenka , Želježić Davor , Špirtović-Halilović Selma , Završnik Davorka 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background Diazepam, as one of the most frequent prescribed drug from 1,4-benzodiazepine group, has certain limitations in pharmaceutical technology due to its poor solubility in water. By forming inclusion complexes with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, diazepam's biopharmaceutical properties can be greatly improved.
Aim Aim of this research was to in vitro evaluate genotoxicity of prepared novel complexes of diazepam and their influence on proliferation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes.
Methods For identification of possible genotoxicity of diazepam inclusion complexes, cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay has been chosen. Evaluated concentrations of two diazepam inclusion complexes were 0.2 µg/mL, 0.5 µg/mL and 1.0 µg/mL in cell culture. For a reference, in vitro cytogenotoxicity evaluation of diazepam alone has been conducted as well.
Results Neither one of the diazepam, complexed nor non-complexed, in given concentrations showed genotoxicity, induced genetic damage or loss of genetic material.
Conclusions Nuclear division index values, as indicators of cytostaticity and cytotoxicity suggested that investigated inclusion diazepam complexes induced accelerated proliferation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro, therefore possibly shortening the duration and dynamics of the cell cycle.
A Text-Mining Analysis of the Public's Reactions to the Opioid Crisis
Authors: Glowacki Elizabeth M. , Glowacki Joseph B. , Wilcox Gary B. 
Published: July 2017

Background Opioid abuse has become an epidemic in the United States. On August 25, 2016, the former Surgeon General of the United States sent an open letter to care providers asking for their help with combatting this growing health crisis. Social media forums like Twitter allow for open discussions among the public and up-to-date exchanges of information about timely topics like opioids. Therefore, the goal of the current study is to identify the public's reactions to the opioid epidemic by identifying the most popular topics tweeted by users. Methods We used a text-miner, algorithmic-driven statistical program to capture 73,235 original tweets and retweets posted within a two-month time span (August 15, 2016 through October 15, 2016). All tweets contained references to “opioids,” “turnthetide,” or similar keywords. We then analyzed the sets of tweets to identify the most prevalent topics. Results The most discussed topics had to do with public figures addressing opioid abuse, creating better treatment options for teen addicts, using marijuana as an alternative for managing pain, holding foreign and domestic drug makers accountable for the epidemic, promoting the “Rx for Change” campaign, addressing double-standards in the perceptions and treatment of Black and White opioid users, and advertising opioid recovery programs. Conclusions Twitter allows users to find current information, voice their concerns, and share calls for action in response to the opioid epidemic. Monitoring the conversations about opioids that are taking place on social media forums like Twitter can help public health officials and care providers better understand how the public is responding to this health crisis.
Characterization of Posa and Posa-like virus genomes in fecal samples from
humans, pigs, rats, and bats collected from a single location in Vietnam
Authors: Oude Munnink Bas B. , Phan My V.T. ,   The VIZIONS Consortium, Simmonds Peter , Koopmans Marion P.G. , Kellam Paul , van der Hoek Lia , Cotten Matthew 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Porcine stool-associated RNA virus (posavirus), and Human stool-associated RNA virus (husavirus) are viruses in the order Picornavirales recently described in porcine and human fecal samples. The tentative group (Posa and Posa-like viruses: PPLVs) also includes fish stool-associated RNA virus (fisavirus) as well as members detected in insects (Drosophila subobscura and Anopheles sinensis) and parasites (Ascaris suum). As part of an agnostic deep sequencing survey of animal and human viruses in Vietnam, we detected three husaviruses in human fecal samples, two of which share 97–98% amino acid identity to Dutch husavirus strains and one highly divergent husavirus with only 25% amino acid identity to known husaviruses. In addition, the current study found forty-seven complete posavirus genomes from pigs, ten novel rat stool-associated RNA virus genomes (tentatively named rasavirus), and sixteen novel bat stool-associated RNA virus genomes (tentatively named basavirus). The five expected Picornavirales protein domains (helicase, 3C-protease, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and two Picornavirus capsid domain) were found to be encoded by all PPLV genomes. In addition, a nucleotide composition analysis revealed that the PPLVs shared compositional properties with arthropod viruses and predicted non-mammalian hosts for all PPLV lineages. The study adds seventy-six genomes to the twenty-nine PPLV genomes currently available and greatly extends our sequence knowledge of this group of viruses within the Picornavirales order.
Transcanalicular Diode Laser-Assisted Revision Surgery for Failed Dacryocystorhinostomy With or Without Distal or Common Canalicular Obstruction
Authors: Yoon Je Moon , Nam Seung Wan , Woo Kyung In , Kim Yoon-Duck 
Published: July 2017

Purpose:
To report the outcomes of transcanalicular diode laser-assisted revision surgery for failed dacryocystorhinostomy with/without distal or common canalicular obstruction.

Methods:
The medical records and recorded videos of consecutive transcanalicular diode laser-assisted revision surgeries performed for failed dacryocystorhinostomy between May 2011 and May 2015 were reviewed. Cases of unavailability of video and cases lost to follow up after surgery were excluded from the study. With respect to the level of obstruction, lacrimal drainage systems were divided into Group 1 (obstruction at the level of the ostium) and Group 2 (obstruction at the level of the distal or common canaliculus). Data associated with anatomical and functional success were analyzed.

Results:
Revision dacryocystorhinostomy surgeries were performed on 68 patients during the study period. Transcanalicular diode laser-assisted revision surgeries were performed on 48 eyes of 39 patients. Mean follow-up period after revision surgery was 13.3 ± 12.6 months. Overall, anatomical success rate was 83.3% (40/48) and functional success rate was 68.8% (33/48). Anatomical success rates and functional success rates in the 2 groups showed no significant difference (80.0% [24/30] vs. 86.7% [13/15], p = 0.699; 70.0% [21/30] vs. 66.7% [10/15], p = 1.000, respectively).

Conclusions:
Transcanalicular diode laser-assisted revision surgery may be an alternative technique for failed dacryocystorhinostomy. Distal or common canalicular obstruction did not affect the outcomes of revision surgeries.
Instrument Adaptation, Modification, and Validation for Cultural Beliefs About Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Korean Americans
Authors: Lee Shin-Young , Lee Eunice E. , Aranda Frances 
Published: July 2017

Background:
Studies on colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among Korean Americans (KAs) lack culturally sensitive, reliable, and validated belief scales.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to adapt, modify, and validate instruments measuring cultural beliefs (physical space, health temporal orientation, personal control, colon cancer fatalism, and health fatalism) about CRC screening in KAs.

Methods:
In phase I, instrument adaptation and modification (translation from English into Korean, individual interviews using cognitive interviewing, and expert reviews) were used to make existing cultural beliefs instruments culturally appropriate for KAs. In phase II, instrument validation (pilot test and cross-sectional survey) was used to examine the psychometric properties of the instrument among 202 KAs.

Results:
Construct validity and reliability of the final Korean version of the instruments were examined using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and internal consistency reliability. Exploratory factor analysis using all of the cultural beliefs items resulted in 5 factors accounting for 46.55% of the variance. Factor loadings were greater than 0.40 for most items to be added to the scales reflecting Korean cultural perspectives. Cronbach’s αs for all the cultural beliefs subscales were greater than .70.

Conclusions:
Findings from this study show that KAs have unique cultural beliefs that should be reflected in the instruments used for CRC screening research with this population.

Implications for Practice:
The revised instrument could be useful in accurately measuring cultural beliefs among KAs and in developing culturally sensitive interventions to increase CRC screening behaviors among KAs.
Multimodal Sensorimotor System in Unicellular Zoospores of a Fungus
Authors: Swafford Andrew J.M. , Oakley Todd H. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractComplex sensory suites often underlie critical behaviors, including avoiding predators or locating prey, mates, and shelter. Multisensory systems that control motor behavior even appear in unicellular eukaryotes, such asChlamydomonas, which are important laboratory models for sensory biology. However, we know of no unicellular opisthokont models that control motor behavior using a multimodal sensory suite. Therefore, existing single-celled models for multimodal sensorimotor integration are very distantly related to animals. Here, we describe a multisensory system that controls the motor function of unicellular, fungal zoospores. We find zoospores ofAllomyces arbusculusexhibit both phototaxis and chemotaxis. While swimming, they move towards light and settle on cellulose membranes exuding combinations of amino acids. Furthermore, we report that closely relatedAllomycesspecies do not share this multisensory system. Instead, each possesses only one of the two modalities present inA. arbusculus. This diversity of sensory suites withinAllomycesprovides a rare example of a comparative framework that can be used to examine the evolution of sensory suites. The tractability ofAllomycesand related fungi as laboratory organisms will allow detailed mechanistic investigations into how sensory systems may have functioned in early opisthokonts before multicellularity allowed for the evolution of specialized cell types.Summary StatementZoospores’ ability to detect light or chemical gradients varies withinAllomyces.Here, we report a multimodal sensory system controlling behavior in a fungus, and previously unknown variation in zoospore sensory suites.
Are the adverse effects of stressors on amphibians mediated by their effects on stress hormones?
Authors: Gabor Caitlin R. , Knutie Sarah A. , Roznik Elizabeth A. , Rohr Jason R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAdverse effects of anthropogenic changes on biodiversity might be mediated by their impacts on the stress response of organisms. To test this hypothesis we crossed exposure to metyrapone, a synthesis inhibitor of the stress hormone corticosterone, with exposure to the herbicide atrazine and the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) to assess whether the effects of these stressors on tadpoles and post-metamorphic frogs were mediated by corticosterone. Metyrapone countered atrazine-and Bd-induced corticosterone elevations. However, atrazine-and Bd-induced reductions in body size were not mediated by corticosterone because they persisted despite metyrapone exposure. Atrazine lowered Bd abundance without metyrapone but increased Bd abundance with metyrapone for tadpoles and frogs. In contrast, atrazine reduced tolerance of Bd infections because frogs exposed to atrazine as tadpoles had reduced growth with Bd compared to solvent controls; this effect was not countered by metyrapone. Our results suggest that the adverse effects of atrazine and Bd on amphibian growth, development, and tolerance of infection are not mediated primarily by corticosterone. Instead, these effects are likely a function of energy lost from atrazine detoxification, defense against Bd, or repair from damage caused by atrazine and Bd. Additional studies are needed to evaluate how often the effects of anthropogenic stressors are mediated by stress hormones.
A temperature gradient may support mother‐infant thermal identification and communication in the breast crawl from birth to breastfeeding
Authors: Zanardo Vincenzo , Volpe Francesca , de Luca Federico , Straface Gianluca 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimThe human female's nipple‐areolar complex (NAC) is the point of arrival of a natural progression from birth to breastfeeding, linked to functional, chemical and biophysical cues that promote the breast crawl soon after birth. We investigated the thermal gradient generated by the lips of the neonate and warmth of the NAC, which may drive the infant directly to the nipple.MethodsWe prospectively studied 41 full‐term singleton infants and their mothers at the Policlinico Abano Terme, Italy, between January 1, 2015, and February 28, 2015. NAC and breast quadrant temperatures were assessed 6 ± 2 hours prepartum and one and two days postpartum, together with the neonates’ lip temperature.ResultsThe temperature of the neonates’ lips was significantly lower than the forehead temperature on days one and two postpartum (delta = −1.24°C, p < 0.001 and delta = −1.02°C, p < 0.001, respectively). Thus, the thermal gradient between the NAC and the neonates’ lips was −1.66 ± 1.07°C on day one (p < 0.001) and −1.68 ± 0.63°C (p < 0.001) on day two postpartum.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate, for the first time, that a temperature gradient may support mother‐infant thermal identification and communication in the breast crawl and in the natural progression of the continuum from birth to breastfeeding.
Appropriateness of antiplatelet therapy for primary and secondary cardio‐ and cerebrovascular prevention in acutely hospitalized older people
Authors: Ardoino Ilaria , Rossio Raffaella , Di Blanca Donnatella , Nobili Alessandro , Pasina Luca , Mannucci Pier Mannuccio , Peyvandi Flora , Franchi Carlotta ,   on behalf of the REPOSI Investigators
Published: July 2017

AimsAntiplatelet therapy is recommended for the secondary prevention of cardio‐ and cerebrovascular disease, but for primary prevention it is advised only in patients at very high risk. With this background, this study aims to assess the appropriateness of antiplatelet therapy in acutely hospitalized older people according to their risk profile.MethodsData were obtained from the REPOSI register held in Italian and Spanish internal medicine and geriatric wards in 2012 and 2014. Hospitalized patients aged ≥65 assessable at discharge were selected. Appropriateness of the antiplatelet therapy was evaluated according to their primary or secondary cardiovascular prevention profiles.ResultsOf 2535 enrolled patients, 2199 were assessable at discharge. Overall 959 (43.6%, 95% CI 41.5–45.7) were prescribed an antiplatelet drug, aspirin being the most frequently chosen. Among patients prescribed for primary prevention, just over half were inappropriately prescribed (52.1%), being mainly overprescribed (155/209 patients, 74.2%). On the other hand, there was also a high rate of inappropriate underprescription in the context of secondary prevention (222/726 patients, 30.6%, 95% CI 27.3–34.0%).ConclusionsThis study carried out in acutely hospitalized older people shows a high degree of inappropriate prescription among patients prescribed with antiplatelets for primary prevention, mainly due to overprescription. Further, a large proportion of patients who had had overt cardio‐ or cerebrovascular disease were underprescribed, in spite of the established benefits of antiplatelet drugs in the context of secondary prevention.
Review: The impact of pediatric mental health care provided outpatient, primary care, community and school settings on emergency department use – a systematic review
Authors: Kirkland Scott W. , Soleimani Amir , Newton Amanda S. 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundIncreases in emergency department (ED) visits for pediatric mental health care point to a need to understand the impact of mental health services in relation to emergency‐based care. This systematic review examined the impact of mental health services delivered in outpatient, primary care, community and/or school settings on ED use and costs for ED‐based mental health care.MethodTwo electronic databases and gray literature were searched. Eligible studies consisted of randomized/controlled clinical trials or cohort studies examining the effects of mental health services on ED use and costs for this care. Two reviewers independently screened the studies for relevance and study quality. Relative risks (RR), risk differences (RD), or mean differences (MD) were calculated for each study's primary outcome with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Meta‐analysis was deferred due to substantial heterogeneity.ResultsSix studies were included. Overall risk of bias in the studies ranged from low, unclear, to high. The majority of programs had no effect on ED visits for mental health care. A school‐based program was found to reduce the risk of ED visits for any reason during use (RD, −8.0%; 95% CI: −15.2%, −0.9%); however, these visits were not specific to mental health. Three studies examined costs. A wrap‐around clinical management program was associated with higher average ED costs per patient per month ($20.07 US dollars) compared to usual outpatient care; other studies reported no cost differences.ConclusionsAt this time, there is limited evidence to suggest outpatient, primary care, community and/or school‐based mental health services impact ED use and costs for mental health care. Additional studies are needed.
Anti‐inflammatory effects of exercise: role in diabetes and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Pedersen Bente Klarlund 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundPersistent inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD).AimsThe aim of this review was to provide the reader with an update of the mechanisms whereby exercise‐induced cytokines may impact cardiometabolic diseases.ResultsEvidence exists that interleukin (IL)‐1β is involved in pancreatic β‐cell damage, whereas TNF‐α is a key molecule in peripheral insulin resistance. In addition, TNF‐α appears to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and heart failure. A marked increase in IL‐6 and IL‐10 is provoked by exercise and exerts direct anti‐inflammatory effects by an inhibition of TNF‐α and by stimulating IL‐1ra, thereby limiting IL‐1β signalling. Moreover, muscle‐derived IL‐6 appears to have direct anti‐inflammatory effects and serves as a mechanism to improve glucose tolerance. In addition, indirect anti‐inflammatory effects of long‐term exercise are mediated via improvements in body composition.ConclusionPhysical activity represents a natural, strong anti‐inflammatory strategy with minor side effects and should be integrated in the management of patients with cardiometabolic diseases.