bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identidade, estilo de vida e consumo: uma análise conceitual de suas inter-relações a partir do multiculturalismo e da interculturalidade no campo de estudo da comunicação
Authors: Benazzi João Renato De Souza Coelho 
Published: November 2016

Este ensaio discute as relações entre o conceito de identidade, sua expressão por meio de estilos de vida na contemporaneidade e impactos relevantes nos processos de comunicação intercultural. O foco da análise recaiu sobre do papel que processos de comunicação intercultural desempenham na construção das imagens sobre si e sobre os outros, do sujeito reflexivo, fragmentado, descentrado e marcado por seus estilos de vida. Explorouse também a perspectiva de análise de processos de comunicação multiculturais a partir da interculturalidade. Neste contexto, é importante pensar a comunicação intercultural a partir dos relacionamentos fluidos, do simbólico e do imaginário da recepção e não apenas da representação legitimadora de categorias tradicionais de análise. É uma perspectiva de reflexão que privilegia as características culturais do processo e que se mostra, a um só tempo, fragmentada, fluida e dinâmica. Identity, lifestyle and consumption: a conceptual analisys of their inter relationship within the context of multiculturalism and interculturality in communication studiesAbstractThis essay discusses the relationship between the concept of identity, its expression through lifestyles in the contemporanity and relevant impacts in intercultural communication processes. The analysis focuses on the role that intercultural communication processes play in the construction of images of ourselves and others, and on the contemporary subject, marked by his reflectiveness, fragmentation and by his lifestyle. It also analyses multicultural communication processes from an intercultural perspective. In this context, it is important to reflect on intercultural communication from its fluid relationships, from a symbolic viewpoint and from the imaginary perspective of reception, and not only from the legitimizing perspective and representation of traditional analytic categories. It is an analytical perspective that favors the cultural faces of the process and puts in evidence, at the same time, its fragmente , fluid and dynamic characteristics.
Performances, fabricos e artesanias nas cenas cosplay e steampunk
Authors: Nunes Mônica Rebecca Ferrari 
Published: November 2016

Este artigo é resultado parcial da pesquisa Comunicação, consumo e memória: da cena cosplay a outras teatralidades juvenis. (Chamada Ciências Humanas, Sociais, Sociais Aplicadas MCTI/CNPq/MEC/CAPES n.22/2014). Aqui objetiva-se apresentar as cenas cosplay e steampunk e problematizar o fabrico de suas materialidades voltado a formas mais criativas de produção, circulação e consumo. Com base em etnografias em eventos de animes e encontros de steamers e em estudos sobre cultura, comunicação e consumo, espera-se demonstrar que o lúdico vivido nestas cenas funciona como tática para enfrentamento do cotidiano. Performances, manufacturing and crafts of cosplay and steampunk scenes Abstract This paper presents partial results obtained by the research ‘Communication, consumption and memory: from the cosplay scene to other juvenile theatricalities’, (Call MCTI/CNPq/MEC/CAPES N. 22/2014 – Social, Human and Applied Social Sciences). The objective is to present the cosplay and steampunk scenes and discuss the manufacturing of its materiality aiming at most creative forms of production, circulation and consumption. Based on ethnographies of animes events, steamers meetings and studies about culture, communication and consumption, it aims to demonstrate that the playful experienced in these scenes works as tactics for facing the daily routine.
An MRS- and PET-guided biopsy tool for intraoperative neuronavigational systems
Authors: Grech-Sollars Matthew , Vaqas Babar , Thompson Gerard , Barwick Tara , Honeyfield Lesley , O'Neill Kevin , Waldman Adam D. 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVEGlioma heterogeneity and the limitations of conventional structural MRI for identifying aggressive tumor components can limit the reliability of stereotactic biopsy and, hence, tumor characterization, which is a hurdle for developing and selecting effective treatment strategies. In vivo MR spectroscopy (MRS) and PET enable noninvasive imaging of cellular metabolism relevant to proliferation and can detect regions of more highly active tumor. Here, the authors integrated presurgical PET and MRS with intraoperative neuronavigation to guide surgical biopsy and tumor sampling of brain gliomas with the aim of improving intraoperative tumor-tissue characterization and imaging biomarker validation.METHODSA novel intraoperative neuronavigation tool was developed as part of a study that aimed to sample high-choline tumor components identified by multivoxel MRS and 18F-methylcholine PET-CT. Spatially coregistered PET and MRS data were integrated into structural data sets and loaded onto an intraoperative neuronavigation system. High and low choline uptake/metabolite regions were represented as color-coded hollow spheres for targeted stereotactic biopsy and tumor sampling.RESULTSThe neurosurgeons found the 3D spherical targets readily identifiable on the interactive neuronavigation system. In one case, areas of high mitotic activity were identified on the basis of high 18F-methylcholine uptake and elevated choline ratios found with MRS in an otherwise low-grade tumor, which revealed the possible use of this technique for tumor characterization.CONCLUSIONSThese PET and MRI data can be combined and represented usefully for the surgeon in neuronavigation systems. This method enables neurosurgeons to sample tumor regions based on physiological and molecular imaging markers. The technique was applied for characterizing choline metabolism using MRS and 18F PET; however, this approach provides proof of principle for using different radionuclide tracers and other MRI methods, such as MR perfusion and diffusion.
The management and outcome for patients with chronic subdural hematoma: a prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study in the United Kingdom
Authors: Brennan Paul M. , Kolias Angelos G. , Joannides Alexis J. , Shapey Jonathan , Marcus Hani J. , Gregson Barbara A. , Grover Patrick J. , Hutchinson Peter J. , Coulter Ian C. 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVESymptomatic chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) will become an increasingly common presentation in neurosurgical practice as the population ages, but quality evidence is still lacking to guide the optimal management for these patients. The British Neurosurgical Trainee Research Collaborative (BNTRC) was established by neurosurgical trainees in 2012 to improve research by combining the efforts of trainees in each of the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland's neurosurgical units (NSUs). The authors present the first study by the BNTRC that describes current management and outcomes for patients with CSDH throughout the UK and Ireland. This provides a resource both for current clinical practice and future clinical research on CSDH.METHODSData on management and outcomes for patients with CSDH referred to UK and Ireland NSUs were collected prospectively over an 8-month period and audited against criteria predefined from the literature: NSU mortality < 5%, NSU morbidity < 10%, symptomatic recurrence within 60 days requiring repeat surgery < 20%, and unfavorable functional status (modified Rankin Scale score of 4–6) at NSU discharge < 30%.RESULTSData from 1205 patients in 26 NSUs were collected. Bur-hole craniostomy was the most common procedure (89%), and symptomatic recurrence requiring repeat surgery within 60 days was observed in 9% of patients. Criteria on mortality (2%), rate of recurrence (9%), and unfavorable functional outcome (22%) were met, but morbidity was greater than expected (14%). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that failure to insert a drain intraoperatively independently predicted recurrence and unfavorable functional outcome (p = 0.011 and p = 0.048, respectively). Increasing patient age (p < 0.00001), postoperative bed rest (p = 0.019), and use of a single bur hole (p = 0.020) independently predicted unfavorable functional outcomes, but prescription of high-flow oxygen or preoperative use of antiplatelet medications did not.CONCLUSIONSThis is the largest prospective CSDH study and helps establish national standards. It has confirmed in a real-world setting the effectiveness of placing a subdural drain. This study identified a number of modifiable prognostic factors but questions the necessity of some common aspects of CSDH management, such as enforced postoperative bed rest. Future studies should seek to establish how practitioners can optimize perioperative care of patients with CSDH to reduce morbidity as well as minimize CSDH recurrence. The BNTRC is unique worldwide, conducting multicenter trainee-led research and audits. This study demonstrates that collaborative research networks are powerful tools to interrogate clinical research questions.
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors of the spine: results of surgical management from a multicenter study
Authors: Chou Dean , Bilsky Mark H. , Luzzati Alessandro , Fisher Charles G. , Gokaslan Ziya L. , Rhines Laurence D. , Dekutoski Mark B. , Fehlings Michael G. , Ghag Ravi , Varga Peter , Boriani Stefano , Germscheid Niccole M. , Reynolds Jeremy J. , _ _ 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVE
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are rare soft-tissue sarcomas. Resection is the mainstay of treatment and the most important prognostic factor. However, complete resection of spinal MPNSTs with tumor-free margins is challenging due to the likelihood of residual tumor cells. The objective of this study was to describe whether the type of Enneking resection in the management of spinal MPNSTs had an effect on local recurrence and survival.

METHODS
The AOSpine Knowledge Forum Tumor developed a multicenter database that includes demographic, diagnostic, therapeutic, local recurrence, and survival data on patients with primary spinal column tumors. Patients who had undergone surgery for a primary spinal MPNST were included and were analyzed in 2 groups: 1) those undergoing Enneking appropriate (EA) resections and 2) those undergoing Enneking inappropriate (EI) resections. EA surgery was performed if there was histopathological evidence of an intact tumor pseudocapsule and at least a marginal resection on a vital structure. EI surgery was performed if there was an intentional or inadvertent transgression of the margin.

RESULTS
Between 1993 and 2012, 29 primary spine MPNSTs were identified in 12 (41%) females and 17 (59%) males with a mean age at diagnosis of 40 ± 17 years (range 5–74 years). The median patient follow-up was 1.3 years (range 42 days to 11.2 years). In total, 14 (48%) patients died and 14 (48%) patients suffered a local recurrence, 10 (71%) of whom died. Within 2 years after surgery, the median survival and local recurrence were not achieved. Data about Enneking appropriateness of surgery were available for 27 patients; 9 (33%) underwent an EA procedure and 18 (67%) underwent an EI procedure. Enneking appropriateness did not have a significant influence on local recurrence or survival. Twenty-two patients underwent adjuvant treatment with combined chemo- and radiotherapy (n = 7), chemotherapy alone (n = 3), or radiotherapy alone (n = 12). Adjuvant therapy had no significant influence on recurrence or survival.

CONCLUSIONS
The rates of recurrence and survival were similar for spinal MPNSTs regardless of whether patients had an EA or EI resection or received adjuvant therapy. Other factors such as variability of pathologist interpretation, PET CT correlation, or neurofibromatosis Type 1 status may play a role in patient outcome. Nonetheless, MPNSTs should still be treated as sarcomas until further evidence is known. The authors recommend an individualized approach with careful multidisciplinary decision making, and the patient should be informed about the morbidity of en bloc surgery when considering MPNST resection.
THE EFFECT OF MAGNETIC FIELD ON MEAN FLOW GENERATION BY ROTATING TWO-DIMENSIONAL CONVECTION
Authors: Currie Laura K. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
Motivated by the significant interaction of convection, rotation, and magnetic field in many astrophysical objects, we investigate the interplay between large-scale flows driven by rotating convection and an imposed magnetic field. We utilize a simple model in two dimensions comprised of a plane layer that is rotating about an axis inclined to gravity. It is known that this setup can result in strong mean flows; we numerically examine the effect of an imposed horizontal magnetic field on such flows. We show that increasing the field strength in general suppresses the time-dependent mean flows, but in some cases it organizes them, leading to stronger time-averaged flows. Furthermore, we discuss the effect of the field on the correlations responsible for driving the flows and the competition between Reynolds and Maxwell stresses. A change in behavior is observed when the (fluid and magnetic) Prandtl numbers are decreased. In the smaller Prandtl number regime, it is shown that significant mean flows can persist even when the quenching of the overall flow velocity by the field is relatively strong.
MAGNETIC FLUX CANCELATION AS THE TRIGGER OF SOLAR QUIET-REGION CORONAL JETS
Authors: Panesar Navdeep K. , Sterling Alphonse C. , Moore Ronald L. , Chakrapani Prithi 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
We report observations of 10 random on-disk solar quiet-region coronal jets found in high-resolution extreme ultraviolet (EUV) images from the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly and having good coverage in magnetograms from the SDO/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI). Recent studies show that coronal jets are driven by the eruption of a small-scale filament (called a minifilament). However, the trigger of these eruptions is still unknown. In the present study, we address the question: what leads to the jet-driving minifilament eruptions? The EUV observations show that there is a cool-transition-region-plasma minifilament present prior to each jet event and the minifilament eruption drives the jet. By examining pre-jet evolutionary changes in the line of sight photospheric magnetic field, we observe that each pre-jet minifilament resides over the neutral line between majority-polarity and minority-polarity patches of magnetic flux. In each of the 10 cases, the opposite-polarity patches approach and merge with each other (flux reduction between 21% and 57%). After several hours, continuous flux cancelation at the neutral line apparently destabilizes the field holding the cool-plasma minifilament to erupt and undergo internal reconnection, and external reconnection with the surrounding coronal field. The external reconnection opens the minifilament field allowing the minifilament material to escape outward, forming part of the jet spire. Thus, we found that each of the 10 jets resulted from eruption of a minifilament following flux cancelation at the neutral line under the minifilament. These observations establish that magnetic flux cancelation is usually the trigger of quiet-region coronal jet eruptions.
Négocier l’ordre usinier ? Une usine Citroën dans les années 1968
Authors: Rouxel Pierre 
Published: November 2016

Analysant le cas d’un site de production en Bretagne dans les années 1960 et 1970, cet article montre comment l’organisation traditionnelle du travail ouvrier basée sur la discipline industrielle et la maîtrise hiérarchique du processus productif s’articule avec une négociation des places et des statuts professionnels ouvriers au sein des ateliers de production. Dans le cadre de rapports d’étroite subordination, la mise en discussion de l’ordre usinier est limitée et conditionnée à la détention de ressources professionnelles spécifiques. Pour autant, l’instabilité des positions professionnelles née d’une gestion paternaliste de la main-d’œuvre conduit au développement dans les à-côtés du processus productif de négociations interpersonnelles entre ouvriers et hiérarchie intermédiaire pour l’obtention de rétributions professionnelles. Les conditions de possibilité et le contenu de ces négociations varient selon la qualité des liens personnalisés unissant les membres de l’atelier.
Cannabis : état des lieux des législations européennes sur l’usage
Authors: Obradovic Ivana 
Published: November 2016

Les initiatives de régulation du cannabis prises depuis 2012 par certains États outre-Atlantique ont ravivé, en Europe, le débat sur le statut juridique du cannabis. Pourtant, les termes du problème restent souvent mal compris. Cette contribution fait œuvre de pédagogie, en proposant un lexique commenté et un état des lieux des législations sur l’usage et la détention de cannabis en vigueur en France et en Europe, assortis d’un bilan des évolutions les plus marquantes survenues ailleurs dans le monde. Elle s’attache également à rappeler certains faits mal connus : dépénaliser ne signifie pas nécessairement lever l’interdit ; le régime néerlandais repose sur une politique de « tolérance » et non pas une légalisation ; les régimes légaux en vigueur autour du cannabis, fort différenciés, apparaissent déconnectés des prévalences d’usage observées en population générale, etc.
Ayahuasca : l’importance du cadre et de l’intention lors de prise de psychédéliques
Authors: Bernard Jean-Charles 
Published: November 2016

La boisson amazonienne ayahuasca génère de profonds états modifiés de conscience et s’ingère “traditionnellement” lors de rituels dans un but précis : apprentissage, guérison, divination... Le sens de l’expérience est consubstantiel au rituel dans la culture chamanique où l’accès au “monde-autre” appartient au champ des possibles. La globalisation de cette boisson a vu naître de nouveaux usages, tout d’abord dans les religions de l’ayahuasca au Brésil et dans les centres néo-psychothérapiques en Amérique du Sud, puis en “Occident” où de nouvelles intentions sont à l’œuvre : aide artistique, recherche médicale, développement personnel... mais aussi “prises sauvages” décontextualisées, sans but, où le cadre est inexistant et l’expérience ne peut prendre sens. Cette illustration transculturelle de l’importance du cadre lors de la prise de substance psychédélique pointe la nécessité d’un cadre minimum de sécurité et questionne la réponse législative actuelle.
La violence de l’impératif du bien-être. Bio-Autres, missions de sauvetage et justice sociale
Authors: Rail Geneviève 
Published: November 2016

Dans nos sociétés néolibérales, le « bien-être » est conçu de façon strictement individuelle. Il s’intègre dans un discours dominant et se nourrit de la biomédicalisation pour contribuer à une « biomoralité » violente à la fois sur les plans symbolique, physique et social. On fait appel aux technologies numériques pour renforcer le développement et le maintien du bien-être par l’autocontrôle, l’autodiagnostic et des méthodes skinnériennes pour apprendre à agir sur son propre bien-être. L’impératif du bien-être repousse l’engagement politique et conduit plutôt à la construction sociale d’un biocitoyen en forme, heureux et productif, ainsi qu’à celle de son opposé, le bio-Autre, un moins-que-citoyen en mauvaise forme physique, mal en point et improductif. Dans cet essai, je présente une analyse féministe et poststructuraliste qui s’intéresse aux discours et aux relations de pouvoir dans les sociétés occidentales contemporaines. Je présente ensuite une critique de la violence des interventions prétendument « humanitaires » pour sauver l’« abject » bio-Autre. Je discute des « missions de sauvetage » mal conçues dans le domaine de la santé publique. De telles missions exacerbent les divisions de classe et reproduisent des hiérarchies patriarcales et coloniales. Je m’interroge sur l’instrumentalisation des activités physiques et sportives dans le plan commercial global qui, au nom du bien-être, vise la conquête de nouveaux marchés. Je conclus l’essai par des réflexions sur la place de la sociologie du sport dans le projet plus vaste de justice et de bien-être social.
Peer aggression in soccer (football) in Quebec among U12 to U18 elite players of sport study programs: differences according to age and player’s role
Authors: Gendron Martin , Frenette Eric 
Published: November 2016

La présente étude vise à dresser un état de la situation lié à la présence de comportements d’agression perçus (intimidation verbale, intimidation physique, violence physique) par des joueurs de soccer (football) U12 à U18 de programmes scolaires sport-études québécois de niveau élite en fonction de leur âge et de leur rôle dans les agressions entre pairs (témoin, victime, agresseur). Le QECSA (Gendron, Debarbieux, Bodin et Frenette, 2006) a été complété par 609 joueurs de soccer de niveau U12 à U18 (61 % garçons, 39 % filles), âgés entre 12 et 17 ans. L’état de la situation est étudié à partir de la prévalence de chacun des trois types d’agression, et ce, selon l’âge et les différents rôles du joueur. Des ANOVA à mesures répétées indiquent une augmentation de la prévalence de chaque type d’agression, pour chaque rôle, en fonction de l’âge, se stabilisant après 14-15 ans, excepté pour les témoins d’intimidation verbale qui continue d’augmenter. Pour chaque type d’agression, les joueurs sont plus nombreux à s’identifier dans le rôle de témoin, que de victime ou que d’agresseur. L’interaction (rôle du joueur et âge) est significative pour les échelles d’intimidation physique et de violence physique. Ces résultats sont discutés en fonction de la littérature existante.
Teaching Practices and Symbolic Violence: The Case of Racket Sports at School
Authors: Dieu Olivier , Joing Isabelle , Drumez Elodie 
Published: November 2016

L’hypothèse de notre travail est la suivante : les pratiques scolaires d’intervention en sport de raquette seraient porteuses de violences symboliques dans la mesure où elles ne prendraient pas en compte le sens de la mobilisation in situ des élèves. Deux études ont été réalisées : une première, centrée sur le discours de 394 étudiants, examine le décalage entre les pratiques vécues et souhaitées en tennis de table ainsi que le plaisir perçu dans cette activité ; une deuxième, centrée sur l’action, compare la structure temporelle de 1844 points joués par 40 étudiants classés selon cinq registres d’intention de jeu en badminton. Les résultats montrent, d’une part, un décalage entre les dispositifs des enseignants et les activités porteuses de plaisir chez les élèves et un score moyen de plaisir perçu significativement faible en tennis de table (3,7) par rapport à l’EPS en général (5,3). D’autre part, le rythme du jeu en badminton diffère significativement entre les 5 registres d’intention de jeu ( p < 0,0001) alors que les pratiques usuelles d’enseignement sont plutôt orientées vers un temps de jeu unique. La discussion invite à réfléchir à des stratégies enseignantes davantage “responsables” que la traditionnelle montante-descendante au temps.