bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Incident Antidepressant‐Treated Depression Associated with Use of 5α‐Reductase Inhibitors Compared with Use of α‐Blockers in Men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Population‐Based Study Using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink
Authors: Hagberg Katrina Wilcox , Divan Hozefa A. , Nickel J. Curtis , Jick Susan S. 
Published: March 2017

Study ObjectiveTo estimate the risk of incident antidepressant‐treated depression in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who were prescribed 5α‐reductase inhibitors (5‐ARIs) compared with those prescribed an active comparator, α‐blockers (ABs).DesignRetrospective cohort study with a nested case‐control analysis.Data SourceUnited Kingdom's Clinical Practice Research Datalink.PatientsA total of 77,732 men with a diagnosis of BPH who received a prescription for a 5‐ARI only and/or AB between January 1, 1992, and December 31, 2013. Of these men, 2842 had a first‐time (incident) diagnosis of depression and received a prescription for an antidepressant within 90 days of the depression diagnosis date (cases); 11,333 controls without a diagnosis of depression were matched to the cases for the case‐control analysis.Measurements and Main ResultsExposures were classified as 5‐ARI only, 5ARI + AB, or AB only. We calculated incidence rates of antidepressant‐treated depression and compared rates among users of 5‐ARIs only and 5‐ARIs + ABs with rates among users of ABs only (i.e., incidence rate ratios [IRRs]). We also calculated odds ratios (ORs) to estimate the risk of incident depression with use of 5‐ARIs only and 5‐ARIs + ABs compared with ABs only. In this population of men with BPH, the risk of depression was not increased with use of 5‐ARIs only (IRR 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85–1.04) or 5‐ARIs + ABs (IRR 1.04, 95% CI 0.89–1.21) compared with use of ABs only. In the case‐control analysis, exposure to 5‐ARIs only (adjusted OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.78–1.01) or 5‐ARIs + ABs (adjusted OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.73–1.10) was not associated with the risk of treated depression compared with exposure to ABs only, and results remained null regardless of number of prescriptions or timing of exposure. The risk of incident antidepressant‐treated depression increased with longer duration of BPH, independent of study drug exposure.ConclusionIn this population of men with treated BPH, use of 5‐ARIs, alone or in combination with ABs, did not increase the risk of incident antidepressant‐treated depression compared with use of ABs only. Risk of treated depression increased with longer duration of BPH.
Effectiveness and Tolerability of Conivaptan and Tolvaptan for the Treatment of Hyponatremia in Neurocritically Ill Patients
Authors: Der‐Nigoghossian Caroline , Lesch Christine , Berger Karen 
Published: March 2017

Study ObjectiveTo describe the effectiveness and tolerability of conivaptan and tolvaptan for the correction of hyponatremia in neurocritically ill patients.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingNeurointensive care units at two academic medical centers.PatientsThirty‐six adults admitted to the neurocritical care unit who received at least one dose of conivaptan (5 patients) or tolvaptan (31 patients) between June 2012 and May 2013.Measurements and Main ResultsA single oral dose or intravenous bolus was administered to 23 (74%) patients who received tolvaptan and 2 (40%) patients who received conivaptan, respectively. The mean maximal increase in serum sodium level at 24 hours following the last dose compared with baseline was 5.2 mEq/L for conivaptan (p=0.05) and 7.9 mEq/L for tolvaptan (p<0.001). The mean ± SD maximal increases in serum sodium level at 48, 72, and 96 hours following the last dose of vaptan therapy compared with baseline were 5.5 ± 2.2 mEq/L (p=0.01), 5.6 ± 2.0 mEq/L (p=0.005), and 4.8 ± 2.2 mEq/L (p=0.03), respectively. Sodium overcorrection occurred in six patients (19%) receiving tolvaptan and none of the patients receiving conivaptan. Hypotension occurred in 20% of patients receiving conivaptan and 52% of patients receiving tolvaptan, whereas hypokalemia was observed in 40% of patients receiving conivaptan.ConclusionUse of vaptans in neurocritically ill patients led to a significant increase in serum sodium level at 24 hours after the last dose, which was sustained for 96 hours, with the majority of patients receiving a single dose. Risk of sodium overcorrection was high and necessitates appropriate patient selection and frequent monitoring.
Analysis of 17β‐estradiol, estriol and estrone in American eel (Anguilla rostrata) tissue samples using liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray differential ion mobility tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Cohen Alejandro , Ross Neil W. , Smith Paul M. , Fawcett James P. 
Published: March 2017

Rationale17β‐Estradiol (E2), estrone (E1) and estriol (E3) are steroid hormones responsible for the regulation of the female reproductive system. Estradiol is planned to be used to feminize eels in aquaculture in order to improve their size and marketability. The residual levels of these hormones in fish tissue must be monitored to meet the requirements of food regulatory agencies. Few studies have studied these hormones in complex biological matrices such as fish tissue.MethodsWe developed a method to analyze E1, E2 and E3 in fish tissue using liquid chromatography in combination with differential ion mobility spectrometry (DMS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The mass spectrometer was operated in negative polarity selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. To test the performance of this method, residual levels of E1, E2 and E3 were measured in the muscle tissue of juvenile eels subjected to feminization treatment with E2.ResultsWe report that following 17β‐estradiol treatment, E2 is rapidly metabolized from the eel tissue, with a 50% depletion rate per day. Five days post‐treatment, E2 returned to the level found in non‐treated controls, similar to levels found in wild mature female eels.ConclusionsThe method presented herein allows the quantitative analysis of E1, E2 and E3 in fish tissue samples. Under the experimental conditions, E2 in fish tissue samples returned to physiological levels post hormonal treatment. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of Transendocardial CD34+ Cell Transplantation on Diastolic Parameters in Patients with Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Bervar Mojca , Kozelj Mirta , Poglajen Gregor , Sever Matjaz , Zemljic Gregor , Frljak Sabina , Cukjati Marko , Cernelc Peter , Haddad François , Vrtovec Bojan 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We sought to evaluate the physiological background and the effects of CD34+ cell transplantation on diastolic parameters in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy patients (DCM). We enrolled 38 DCM patients with NYHA class III and LVEF &lt; 40% who underwent transendocardial CD34+ cell transplantation. Peripheral blood CD34+ cells were mobilized by G-CSF, collected via apheresis, and injected transendocardially in the areas of myocardial hibernation. Patients were followed for 1 year. At baseline, estimated filling pressures were significantly elevated (E/e′ ≥ 15) in 18 patients (Group A), and moderately elevated (E/e ′&lt; 15) in 20 patients (Group B). The groups did not differ in age (54 ± 9 years vs. 52 ± 10 years; p = .62), gender (male: 85% vs. 78%; p = .57), or LVEF (31 ± 7% vs. 34 ± 6%; p = .37). When compared to Group B patients in Group A had more segments with myocardial scar (4.9 ± 2.7 vs. 2.7 ± 2.9; p = .03), myocardial hibernation (2.2 ± 1.6 vs. 0.9 ± 1.1; p = .02), and longer average local relaxation time on electroanatomical mapping (378 ± 41 ms vs. 333 ± 34 ms, p = .01). During follow-up there was an improvement in diastolic parameters in Group A (E/e′: from 24.3 ± 12.1 to 16.3 ± 8.0; p = .005), but not in Group B (E/e′: from 10.2 ± 3.7 to 13.2 ± 9.1; p = .19). Accordingly, in Group A, we found an increase in 6-minute walk distance (from 463 ± 83 m to 546 ± 91 m; p = .03), and a decrease in NT-proBNP (from 2140 ± 1743 pg/ml to 863 ± 836 pg/ml; p = .02). In nonischemic DCM, diastolic dysfunction appears to correlate with areas of myocardial scar and hibernation. Transendocardial CD34+ cell transplantation may improve diastolic parameters in this patient cohort.
Greater sage‐grouse use of mechanical conifer reduction treatments in northwest utah
Authors: Cook Avery A. , Messmer Terry A. , Guttery Michael R. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTA potential consequence of climate change, altered fire regimes, and a legacy of resource exploitation in western North America is increased displacement of desirable sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) communities by invasive plant species. Annually, an estimated 90,000 ha of sage‐grouse (Centrocercus spp.) habitat is degraded by pinyon (Pinus spp.) and juniper (Juniperus spp.; PJ) encroachment. Sage‐grouse responses to conifer encroachment may include avoidance of otherwise available habitats, lek abandonment, and subsequent population declines. Thus, restoration of PJ encroached sage‐grouse habitats that exhibit intact sagebrush understories is a priority conservation action. However, better information is needed regarding sage‐grouse response to these management actions. We used sage‐grouse fecal pellet surveys and radiotelemetry location data to identify vegetation and landscape attributes that may influence sage‐grouse use of PJ removal treatments completed using mechanical methods. Use of PJ removal treatments by sage‐grouse was positively associated with irrigated pasture and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) hay within 1 km (β = 7.69, SE = 5.58, P = 0.17) and negatively associated with PJ canopy cover (β = −1.52, SE = 0.84, P = 0.07) within 500 m of treatments. Percent cover of mesic habitats and sagebrush canopy were greater within 1 km of treatments where sage‐grouse were detected; however, these relationships were weak because of large variability in conditions across sites. Our results document sage‐grouse use of 9 of 16 mechanical PJ removal treatments examined in an encroached sagebrush landscape and suggest that mechanical PJ removal treatments should be sited adjacent to occupied sage‐grouse habitat in areas that minimize surrounding PJ cover. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
A semi-empirical glycosylation model of a camelid monoclonal antibody under hypothermia cell culture conditions
Authors: Aghamohseni Hengameh , Spearman Maureen , Ohadi Kaveh , Braasch Katrin , Moo-Young Murray , Butler Michael , Budman Hector M 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The impact of cell culture environment on the glycan distribution of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) has been investigated through a combination of experiments and modeling. A newly developed CHO DUXB cell line was cultivated at two levels of initial Glutamine (Gln) concentrations (0, 4 mM) and incubation temperatures of (33 and 37 °C) in batch operation mode. Hypothermia was applied either through the entire culture duration or only during the post-exponential phase. Beyond reducing cell growth and increasing productivity, hypothermia significantly altered the galactosylation index profiles as compared to control conditions. A novel semi-empirical dynamic model was proposed for elucidating the connections between the extracellular cell culture conditions to galactosylation index. The developed model is based on a simplified balance of nucleotides sugars and on the correlation between sugars’ levels to the galactosylation index (GI). The model predictions were found to be in a good agreement with the experimental data. The proposed empirical model is expected to be useful for controlling the glycoprofiles by manipulating culture conditions.
Effects of traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorder on development of Alzheimer's disease in Vietnam Veterans using the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative: Preliminary report
Authors: Weiner Michael W. , Harvey Danielle , Hayes Jacqueline , Landau Susan M. , Aisen Paul S. , Petersen Ronald C. , Tosun Duygu , Veitch Dallas P. , Jack Clifford R. , Decarli Charles , Saykin Andrew J. , Grafman Jordan , Neylan Thomas C. ,   Department of Defense Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntroductionTraumatic brain injury (TBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have previously been reported to be associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We are using biomarkers to study Vietnam Veterans with/without mild cognitive impairment with a history of at least one TBI and/or ongoing PTSD to determine whether these contribute to the development of AD.MethodsPotential subjects identified by Veterans Administration records underwent an initial telephone screen. Consented subjects underwent clinical evaluation, lumbar puncture, structural magnetic resonance imaging, and amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) scans.ResultsWe observed worse cognitive functioning in PTSD and TBI + PTSD groups, worse global cognitive functioning in the PTSD group, lower superior parietal volume in the TBI + PTSD group, and lower amyloid positivity in the PTSD group, but not the TBI group compared to controls without TBI/PTSD. Medial temporal lobe atrophy was not increased in the PTSD and/or TBI groups.DiscussionPreliminary results do not indicate that TBI or PTSD increase the risk for AD measured by amyloid PET. Additional recruitment, longitudinal follow‐up, and tau‐PET scans will provide more information in the future.
A description of self-similar Blow-up for dimensions $n ⩾ 3$
Authors: Bebernes J. , Eberly D. 
Published: March 2017

A precise description of the asymptotic behavior near the blowup singularity for solutions of

u_t − Δu = f(u)

which blows up in finite time

T

is given.

Résumé

On établie une description précise de la conduite asymptotique autour de la singularité de l’explosion totale pour la solution de l’équation

u_t − Δu = f(u)

.
Effects of varying the through silicon via liners thickness on their hoop stresses and deflections
Authors: Atieno Juma Mary , Zhang Xuliang , Bai He Song 
Published: March 2017

Through silicon via (TSV) interconnect reliability is a problem in electronic packaging. The authors address the insertion losses, deflections which can result to separation of TSV layers and hoop stresses. These problems are due to different coefficient of thermal expansion between materials. The authors propose a robust methodology for (TSV) liners in this paper which in turn solves the reliability problem in (TSV). Silicon dioxide material is used in their paper as a TSV liner. First, they modelled the equivalent TSV circuit in advanced design systems (ADS). The authors then simulated it to obtain the TSV characterisation from which they obtained the S‐parameter S21 which represents the insertion losses. Insertion losses have been described with changes in frequencies from 0 to 20 GHz with changes in TSV thickness from 7 to 8 µm. Later two different shapes of the TSV liner; the disc‐ and rod‐shaped are modelled in analysis system 14 software. The two shapes with a radius of 5 µm each and a fixed pressure of 100 µPa developed changes in hoop stresses and deflections when the liners thicknesses are varied from 2 to 3 µm. The disc shape experienced least reliability problems so the authors propose its use in via structures.
Morphological features of IFN-γ–stimulated mesenchymal stromal cells predict overall immunosuppressive capacity
Authors: Klinker Matthew W. , Marklein Ross A. , Lo Surdo Jessica L. , Wei Cheng-Hong , Bauer Steven R. 
Published: March 2017

Significance
Substantial evidence exists demonstrating the immunosuppressive function of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), but inconsistent clinical results suggest that better understanding of MSC-mediated immunosuppression and identification of features predictive of immunosuppressive capacity would advance MSC-based therapeutics. In this work, we present a robust analytical approach to quantify the immunosuppressive capacity of MSCs by integrating high-dimensional flow cytometry data from multiple experimental conditions into a single measure of immunosuppressive capacity. Additionally, we identified morphological features of MSCs that predicted immunosuppressive capacity, as well as the magnitude of IFN-γ–mediated immunosuppression enhancement. These improved methods of MSC characterization could be used to identify MSC preparations with desired immunosuppressive capacity, as well as screen for pretreatments that enhance their immunosuppressive function.
Structure-guided SCHEMA recombination generates diverse chimeric channelrhodopsins
Authors: Bedbrook Claire N. , Rice Austin J. , Yang Kevin K. , Ding Xiaozhe , Chen Siyuan , LeProust Emily M. , Gradinaru Viviana , Arnold Frances H. 
Published: March 2017

SignificanceCritical for regulating cell function, integral membrane proteins (MPs) are key engineering targets. MP engineering is limited because these proteins are difficult to express with proper plasma membrane localization in heterologous systems. We investigate the expression, localization, and light-induced behavior of the light-gated MP channel, channelrhodopsin (ChR), because of its utility in studying neuronal circuitry. We used structure-guided SCHEMA recombination to generate libraries of chimeric ChRs that are diverse in sequence yet still capable of efficient expression, localization, and useful light-induced functionality. The conservative nature of recombination generates unique protein sequences that tend to fold and function. Recombination is also innovative: chimeric ChRs can outperform their parents or even exhibit properties not known in natural ChRs.
Fast, clash-free RNA conformational morphing using molecular junctions
Authors: Héliou Amélie , Budday Dominik , Fonseca Rasmus , van den Bedem Henry 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Non-coding ribonucleic acids (ncRNA) are functional RNA molecules that are not translated into protein. They are extremely dynamic, adopting diverse conformational substates, which enables them to modulate their interaction with a large number of other molecules. The flexibility of ncRNA provides a challenge for probing their complex 3D conformational landscape, both experimentally and computationally.

Results
Despite their conformational diversity, ncRNAs mostly preserve their secondary structure throughout the dynamic ensemble. Here we present a kinematics-based procedure to morph an RNA molecule between conformational substates, while avoiding inter-atomic clashes. We represent an RNA as a kinematic linkage, with fixed groups of atoms as rigid bodies and rotatable bonds as degrees of freedom. Our procedure maintains RNA secondary structure by treating hydrogen bonds between base pairs as constraints. The constraints define a lower-dimensional, secondary-structure constraint manifold in conformation space, where motions are largely governed by molecular junctions of unpaired nucleotides. On a large benchmark set, we show that our morphing procedure compares favorably to peer algorithms, and can approach goal conformations to within a low all-atom RMSD by directing fewer than 1% of its atoms. Our results suggest that molecular junctions can modulate 3D structural rearrangements, while secondary structure elements guide large parts of the molecule along the transition to the correct final conformation.

Availability and Implementation
The source code, binaries and data are available at https://simtk.org/home/kgs.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Seasonal distribution and reproductive strategy of seahorses
Authors: Qin Geng , Zhang Yanhong , Ho Adeljean L. F. C. , Zhang Yuan , Lin Qiang 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe unique morphology and life history characteristics make seahorses excellent flagship species for marine ecosystems. The ecological rarity of seahorses has made it difficult to address fundamental demographic processes of seahorses, such as seasonal migration and ecological characteristics. This 3-year investigation evaluated, for the first time, the seasonal distribution of a wild seahorse, Hippocampus mohnikei, and its ecological significance. The results revealed a significant difference in the abundance of wild H. mohnikei populations between warm and cold seasons, indicating that seahorses might undertake a seasonal inshore-offshore migration every year. A total of 42 794 samples were taken during the 3-year survey in the Laizhou Bay, and migratory seahorses had the highest reproductive rates from July to September each year, suggesting that seahorse reproduction might be an important trigger for variation in distribution and migration. Moreover, water temperature might also affect the temporal and spatial abundance of migratory seahorses. There was no genetic subdivision among the different geographical populations of H. mohnikei along China’s coast. In conclusion, this study confirmed that large-scale seasonal seahorse migrations occur periodically and that reproduction is one of the important drivers, suggesting that closed-season fishing of breeding grounds is essential and applicable for seahorse conservation.
NBS1 is regulated by two kind of mechanisms: ATM-dependent complex formation with MRE11 and RAD50, and cell cycle–dependent degradation of protein
Authors: Zhou Hui , Kawamura Kasumi , Yanagihara Hiromi , Kobayashi Junya , Zhang-Akiyama Qiu-Mei 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS), a condition similar to Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T), is a radiation-hypersensitive genetic disorder showing chromosomal instability, radio-resistant DNA synthesis, immunodeficiency, and predisposition to malignances. The product of the responsible gene, NBS1, forms a complex with MRE11 and RAD50 (MRN complex). The MRN complex is necessary for the DNA damage–induced activation of ATM. However, the regulation of MRN complex formation is still unclear. Here, we investigated the regulatory mechanisms of MRN complex formation. We used an immunoprecipitation assay to determine whether levels of the MRN complex were increased by radiation-induced DNA damage and found that the levels of these proteins and their mRNAs did not increase. ATM-dependent phosphorylation of NBS1 contributed to the DNA damage–induced MRN complex formation. However, pre-treatment of cells with an ATM-specific inhibitor did not affect homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) repair. G0 phase cells, decreasing NBS1 and HR activity but not NHEJ, gained HR-related chromatin association of RAD51 by overexpression of NBS1, suggesting that the amount of NBS1 may be important for repressing accidental activation of HR. These evidences suggest that NBS1 is regulated by two kind of mechanisms: complex formation dependent on ATM, and protein degradation mediated by an unknown MG132-resistant pathway. Such regulation of NBS1 may contribute to cellular responses to double-strand breaks.