bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INCREASE OF IMMUNITY CANTIK HYBRID GROUPER JUVENILES BY LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE (LPS)
Authors: Roza Des 
Published: January 2018

Disease is one of obstacle in fish culture. Immunity of fish against disease can be increased by using immunostimulant. The purpose of this experiment to increasing immunity of cantik hybrid grouper (cross breeding of tiger grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus female with marbled grouper, E. polyphekadion male) to the diseases by using immunostimulant. Treatments were LPS cell walls of V. alginolyticus and commercial LPS was also used in this study, as a-control without LPS was used saline water (0.85% NaCl). The LPS was delivered by injection intra-muscularly with concentration of 0.1 mL/fish. This experiment was design by completely randomized with 3 replicates. Results showed that LPS were effective to increase titer antibody values and survival rates of cantik hybrid grouper. The titer antibody values of fish after 90 days rearing period were 128 (LPS from V. alginolyticus), 64 (commercial LPS), and only 4 in the control fish. The survival rates at the end of experiment were 88.67 ± 3.62% (LPS from V. alginolyticus), 85.22±5.93% (commercial LPS), and only 50.13 ± 6.11% in the control fish. Relative percentage survival of fish following challenged with live V. alginolyticus were 77.46% in the received LPS from V. alginolyticus cell wall and 71.12% in the fish received commercial LPS. It is suggested that LPS effective to increase immunity of cantik hybrid grouper against bacterial infection. Keywords: cantik hybrid grouper, immunity, lipopolysaccharide, Vibrio alginolyticus
SEDIMENDT CHARACTERISTICS OF COASTAL WATERS AROUND INTENSIVE SHRIMP PONDS DURING WET SEASON IN PUNDUH BAY, PESAWARAN DISTRICT OF LAMPUNG PROVINCE
Authors: Paena Mudian , Suhaimi Rezki Antoni , Undu Muhammad Chaidir 
Published: January 2018

The study was conducted using survey method. The sampling points were based on the distances from pond outlet toward offshore which were 25, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600 and 3200 m. Sample of sediments were collected using sediment grab then about 1-1.5 kg of samples were stored in plastic bags for analysis of pH, redox potential, carbon organic. The in-situ measurements were conducted for pH and redox potential using a pH mV and pH meter, probe HANNA instruments HI 8424, whereas other sediment quality variables were analysed under laboratory. The results of this study showed that the pH sediments were ranged between 6.38 – 7.80 with average of 7.36. Redox potential of sediments ranged between -186 to 72 mV, average - 88.39 mV. Carbon organic ranged between 0.30 – 9.85%, average 3.09%. Organic matter ranged between 0.30 – 9.85%, average 3.16%. Total nitrogen were ranged between 0.05 – 0.25% with average of 0.17%, phosphate were 8.62 – 187.71 mg/L with average of 88.43 mg/L. Based on the sediment characteristics, the sediments of Punduh Bay had been polluted by organic matters. Keywords: sediment characteristics, shrimp ponds, Punduh bay, Pesawaran district, Lampung province
EVALUATION OF THE USE OF FAAS FOR SR/CA CONCENTRATION ANALYSIS OF PORITES FROM AMBON BAY AND JUKUNG ISLAND CORAL
Authors: Ikhsani Idha Yulia , Dida Eki Naidania , Cahyarini Sri Yudawati 
Published: January 2018

The ratio of Sr/Ca concentration in coral is usually used as paleothermometer. Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) is an instrument, which is often used to analyze Sr/Ca concentration in Porites sp. The method is very sensitive and requires small amount of sample. However, the availability of this instrument is very limited. To deal with it, Flame Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS) is an alternative in order to analyze the concentration of various elements include Sr and Ca. The aim of this study was to evaluate the result of the analysis methods of strontium and calcium concentration in coral using FAAS and compared to ICP results. Sample of Porites coral was taken from Ambon Bay and Jukung Island. The strontium and calcium concentration were analyzed using Flame Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). The results showed that the average of ratio Sr/Ca in coral from Ambon Bay and Jukung Island were 8.71 and 7.708 mmol/mol. The monthly variation of ratio Sr/Ca in coral from Ambon Bay were 6.28 - 10.24 mmol/mol, while in coral from Jukung Island were 1.005 - 10.914 mmol/mol. Result of FAAS analysis was too broad in range compared to ICP, ie 8.462 - 8.807 dan 8.45 – 8.7 mmol/mol. The range was estimated due to the occurrence of strontium and calcium ionization reaction in flame of FAAS. Keywords: FAAS, coral, ratio Sr/Ca
IMPACT OF SNORKELING AND DIVING TO CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM
Authors: Muhidin . , Yulianda Fredinan , Zamani Neviaty Putri 
Published: January 2018

Panggang Island is one of the snorkeling and diving area in the Seribu Islands. Number of tourists increase every year in line with the improving of tourism infrastructure such as tourist boat and dive shops. Tourism activities not only provide economic benefits but also give negative impact on coral reef ecosystem. The results of direct observations showed that there was destructive impact from snorkeling and diving. The most destructive behavior done by snorkeling and diver who has license was stepping on the coral reef. While the most destructive behavior by diver who has no license was holding the coral reef. The continued effect of tourist destructive behaviour grouped into three categories such as rubble, scratches on top of coral colony, and crushed coral colony. Based on the tourism impact analysis showed that diverwho has not been licensed gived the greatest damage impact,it was 13.55% per year of the ecological potential. While the impact of snorkeling touristwas 5.05% and diver who has license gived the smallest effect, it was 2.36%. Comparison of coral reef data between 2010 and 2016 showed no significant changes to the coral reef, it means that until now coral reefs of Panggang Island still tolerate any disturbances including impact of tourism activities.Keywords : coral reef, diving, snorkeling, tourism, Panggang IslandPanggang Island is one of the snorkeling and diving area in the Seribu Islands. Number of tourists increase every year in line with the improving of tourism infrastructure such as tourist boat and dive shops. Tourism activities not only provide economic benefits but also give negative impact on coral reef ecosystem. The results of direct observations showed that there was destructive impact from snorkeling and diving. The most destructive behavior done by snorkeling and diver who has license was stepping on the coral reef. While the most destructive behavior by diver who has no license was holding the coral reef. The continued effect of tourist destructive behaviour grouped into three categories such as rubble, scratches on top of coral colony, and crushed coral colony. Based on the tourism impact analysis showed that diverwho has not been licensed gived the greatest damage impact,it was 13.55% per year of the ecological potential. While the impact of snorkeling touristwas 5.05% and diver who has license gived the smallest effect, it was 2.36%. Comparison of coral reef data between 2010 and 2016 showed no significant changes to the coral reef, it means that until now coral reefs of Panggang Island still tolerate any disturbances including impact of tourism activities. Keywords : coral reef, diving, snorkeling, tourism, Panggang Island
SESSILE ORGANISMS COLONISATION ON CONCRETE SUBSTRATE “CRYPTO” AT DIFFERENT DEPTH IN THE PATCH REEF OF PRAMUKA ISLAND
Authors: Algadri Genadi , Subhan Beginer , Arafat Dondy , Ghozali Ahmad Taufik , Santoso Prakas , Madduppa Hawis 
Published: January 2018

Acceleration of the process of recovery of damaged reefs require rehabilitation, management and supervision of well-planned and sustainable. One of the rehabilitation process is to create artificial reef. This study aims to look at the rate of attachment of sessile organisms on cement media called “crypto”. A total of 270 cement media at each shelf. The size of cement media is 5x5x1 cm. The cement media were deployed at a depth of 6 meters and 10 meters. The rate of attachment of sessile organisms was compared between the upper and lower of the media side at each depth and between depths. Different organisms was observed colonized concrete media such as shells, sponges, worms, green algae, red algae, and brown algae. Percentage of coverage of sessile biota at a depth of 6 meters was significantly higher than 10 meters. Percentage of coverage of sponges at a depth of 6 meters and 10 meters, showed no significantly different (P = 0.0670). The other sessile biota, value of the test results showed significant differences between depths, such as the brown algae (P< 0.0001), red algae (P = 0.0003), and green algae (P = 0.0022). The type succession occurs in this research was likely a primary succession. Keywords: sessile biota, biodiversity, rehabilitation, concrete block, colonization, succession
THE BODY OF LOBSTER CATCHES IN PALABUHANRATU THAN THE APPLICABLE REGULATORY
Authors: Khikmawati Liya Tri , Martasuganda Sulaeman , Sondita M. Fedi A. 
Published: January 2018

Lobster is one of the commodities that Indonesia export fisheries worth selling high. The value of selling lobster is affected by type, size, and condition or completeness of her body. Palabuhanratu is one of the centers of the lobster fishery in the South of West Java. Research on condition of fishing lobster in Palabuhanratu was done in April through November 2016 include the type, gender, number, and size (carapace length and weight) and its relationship with regulatory. Observation and measurement of the collecting is done in the lobster that come for each/sold to the warehouse by fisherman and follows directly the activities of catching lobsters. The data already obtained tabulated and analyzed. The results showed that types of lobsters captured fisherman Palabuhanratu are Panulirus ornatus, Panulirus penicillatus, Panulirus versicolor and Panulirus homarus. The majority of lobsters are caught is a kind of lobster P. homarus and P. ornatus and then followed P. penicillatus and P. versicolor. The number of the male for P. homarus, P. versicolor and P. ornatus more than females while the females of P. penicillatus more than males. The majority of the lobster weights less than 300 grams and carapace length less than 8 cm. The body condition of fishing lobster in Palabuhanratu based on the lobster fishery regulations that exist for all types of lobsters is a majority yet decent catch. Keywords: type, lobster, Palabuhanratu, size
LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP AND CONDITION FACTOR OF YELLOWSTRIPE SCADS Selaroides leptolepis IN SUNDA STRAIT
Authors: Ibrahim Putri Sapira , Setyobudiandi Isdradjad , Sulistiono . 
Published: January 2018

Yellowstripe scad Selaroides leptolepis is important product of small pelagic fishery resources in Java Sea. This fish also has high economic value and mostly captured by fisherman. The purpose of this study was to determine length weight relationship and condition factor of yellowstripe scads Selaroides leptolepis in Sunda Strait. Sampling was conducted from April to August 2015 with stratified random sampling method from catch landed at Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) Labuan, Banten. The results showed that 757 fish captured consists of 337 females and 420 males. The length weight relationship was W= 0.00004L2.7176 for female and W= 0.00003L2.7871 for male. The results indicated that the length weight relationship was highly correlated (r > 95%). the relative condition factors of fish varied from 1.0061-1.1926, of which females were generally in better condition than the males. Keywords: condition factor, length-weight relationship, yellowstripe scads, Sunda Strait
CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOHYDROXYAPATITE FROM TUNA’S Thunnus sp BONE AS BIOMATERIALS SUBSTANCE
Authors: Hanura Aditya Bayu , Trilaksani Wini , Suptijah Pipih 
Published: January 2018

Tuna Thunnus sp is a high-value fisheries products. The abundance of waste from tuna’s processing industry has not been used optimally. The objective of this study was to produce and characterize nanohidroxyapatite (Ca5(PO4)3((OH)0.8F0.2) of tuna’s Thunnus sp bone waste using high temperature sintering of 400-800OC continuing by nanomilling method. The results of the characterization showed that the sintering temperature of 800OC was the best treatment yielding of hidroxyapatite 57.73%, 89.27% white degree level. The result of statistic analysis showed that the sintering temperature variation gave a significant effect on the white degree at the test level (p <0.05). Proximate result after sintering showed moisture content of 0.15%, 99.83% ash, 0.05% fat, 0.73% protein and 0% crude fiber. Results of heavy metal analysis showed the content of lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) was negative, and cadmium (Cd) 0.018 ppm. The mineral test consist of calcium, phosphor, kalium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, and sodium with the dominant elements were 49.76% calcium and 9.02% phosphor. The result of statistic analysis showed that the sintering temperature variation gave significant effect to the three main minerals at the test level (p<0.05). The Particle Size Analyzer test showed that nanohidroxyapatite particles was measured at 800-900 nm. The X-Ray Diffractometer analysis showed the results of sample identification contains hydroxyapatite and fluorian, with syn 100.00%. The hidroxyapatite was a compound complex and crystals formed has a hexagonal shape with a percentage of 82.9% crystallinity. Keywords : bone, nanohidroxyapatite, particles, sintering, tuna
THE HISTOLOGICAL, EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION COLLAGENS YELLOW-PIKE CONGER Muarenesox talabon
Authors: Gadi Dewi Setiyowati , Trilaksani Wini , Nurhayati Tati 
Published: January 2018

By product Muarenesox talabon swim bladders can be used as a raw material for desperately needed in the food, biomedical, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceuticals industries. The aims of the research were to observed the histological and determine chemical characteristics of swim bladder including proximate and amino acids; extraction of acid soluble collagen and determine the characteristics of collagen including proximate, pH, heavy metals, microbial, amino acids, functional groups, molecular weights, and thermal stability. The morphology of cunang swim bladder consists of outer, middle, and inner layers containing collagen fibers; 33.67±0.71%wb and protein whichwere dominated by three amino acids that were glycine, proline, and alanine. Pretreatment by 0.1 M NaOH for 8 hours (K1T4) and acid extraction by 0.25 M acetic acid for 72 hours (M1T3) was the best treatment yielding 14.51± 0.43% of collagen; having 12.12±0.04% wb of moisture; 88.54 ± 0.08% wb of protein; 1.31±0.23% wb of fat; 0.17±0.03% wb of ash. Not detected any heavy metals (Pb, Hg, As, Cd). Acidity pH was 4.31 and negative of E. coli and Salmonella. The main amino acids detected were glycine 241.06 mg/g; proline 88.73mg/g; and alanine 86,98 mg/g; FTIR spectra were revealed the presence of triple helix structures; electrophoresis patterns consisted of 136 kDa of mol weight of α1 and 117 kDa of mol weight of α2 were characterisedto be type I collagen; which had Tmax of 195.59ºC and ΔH 7.8113 J/g. Keywords: acid extraction, swim bladder, collagens, thermal stability
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY FOR MULTI DRUG RESISTANCE (MDR) BACTERIA BYSEA CUCUMBER Stichopus vastus EXTRACT FROM KARIMUNJAWA ISLANDS – INDONESIA
Authors: Pringgenies Delianis , Ridlo Ali , Sembiring Nerva 
Published: January 2018

The study aims to explore the antibacterial activity of Stichopus vastus against pathogenic MDR bacteria. Analysis of samples of sea cucumbers included extraction, fractionation, and analysis of bacterial sensitivity test Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), the extraction process is carried out by solid-liquid extraction method. Fractionation was done with Open-Column Chromatography (OCC). Sensitivity test of bacteria was done using an agar diffusion method according to the Kirby-Bauer (Ref). The study revealed that from 5 species MDR bacteria, which are Coagulant negative stapylococi (CNS), E. coli, Enterobacter 5, Klebsiella sp. dan Pseudomonas sp. There are two MDR bacteria had the most sensitive responses by the extract of sea cucumber, which were Enterobacter-5 and Klebsiella sp. The two bacteria were tested against five bioactive fractions obtained from OCC. Fraction criteria-2 had the highest antibacterial activity against Enterobacter-5 and Klebsiella sp, with serial concentration of 20 µg ∙ disc–1, 40 µg. disc–1 and 80 µg. disc–1. Largest inhibition zone were obtained from 80 µg. disc–1 againts the two bacteria were (14.73 ± 0.48) mm and (11.22 ± 0.85) mm respectively. GC-MS Analysis revealed that fraction criteria-2 had (or consisted of) cyclohexhane, ethanol, butanoic and pentanoic acids. Keywords: antibacterial activity, multi drug resistance (MDR), sea cucumber, Stichopus vastus
SUITABLITY AND CARRYING CAPACITY OF KARTINI BEACH JEPARA AS COASTAL TOURISM DESTINATION
Authors: Fama Achmad , Haeruddin . , Purwanti Frida 
Published: January 2018

Kartini beach as a marine tourism in Jepara, Central Java that have beach attraction consist of natural environment area suitable for tourism. Its potency have opportunity to be developed as marine ecotourism. The current problem is increasing number of visitor each year that might degrades the environment. The aims of this reseacrh are to analyse tourism suitability and to assess carrying capacity of the Kartini Beach as beach tourism. This research was conducted in Desember 2016 – March 2017 at the Kartini Beach of Jepara. The methods uses analysis of land suitablity for beach recreation and carrying capacity analysis. The result shows that suitability index in location 1 to 3 are suitable with value about 48 % – 60 % as beach recreational area. The results of carrying capacity analysis of location 1 with total area of 0,22 ha is 176 people / day, location 2 with total area of 0,1 ha is 80 people / day, and location 3 with total area of 0,13 ha is 104 people / day. The conlusions of this reseacrh are Kartini beach is suitable for beach recreation and the number of visitor has esceeds the ability of carrying capacity. Keywords: beach tourism, land suitablity, carrying capacity, Kartini beach, Jepara
Experimental and theoretical study of temperature-dependent variable stiffness of magnetorheological elastomers
Authors: Xiang Changle , Gao Pu , Liu Hui , Zhou Han 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The magnetorheological properties of a series of magnetorheological elastomers with ferromagnetic particles of different mass fractions and different diameters are investigated. The aim is to provide a basis for the preparation of high-performance material. The shear behavior of the magnetorheological elastomers is also investigated as a function of temperature. The results essentially reveal the temperature-dependent nature of the variable stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomers. A modified Gauss distribution columnar model of ferromagnetic particles (with a temperature-dependent magnetic permeability) and a modified super-elastic rubber matrix (with a linear thermal expansion coefficient) is developed and used to explore the nature of the temperature-dependent variable stiffness. The results suggest that the interaction between the rubber matrix and ferromagnetic particles is the most critical factor responsible for the temperature dependence and not the features of the two components themselves. On the basis of System Identification Theory, a fitting polynomial is added to modify the constitutive model, which can represent the interaction between the rubber matrix and ferromagnetic particles. Polynomial data fitting and a theoretical model were used to derive an expression for the temperature dependence. As a result, the magnetic field-induced shear modulus was obtained as a semi-empirical model. This was then used to draw maps of the temperature-induced and magnetic field-induced shear modulus. The calculated results were compared with the experimental data and the errors found to be acceptable, which verifies the effectiveness and reliability of the semi-empirical model. Finally, the temperature dependence of the shear modulus is converted into the temperature dependence of the shear stiffness.
Effect of sensitization on tribological behavior of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel
Authors: Fenili Cleber Pereira , Rocha Márcio Roberto da , Al-Rubaie Kassim S. , Arnt Ângela Beatriz Coelho , Angioleto Elidio , Bernardin Adriano Michael 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis paper aims to evaluate the dry sliding wear of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel as a function of the applied load. Samples of AISI 304 were heat treated (sensitized) to precipitate Cr23C6carbides in the grain boundaries, and the resulting microstructure was compared to that of the non-sensitized samples. Wear testing was carried out at room temperature of 25°C and a relative humidity of about 60% using a pin-on-disk apparatus. The load applied was varied from 10 to 30 N at a constant sliding velocity of 0.5 m s–1. Wear particles were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the dynamic friction coefficient remained effectively constant with increasing applied load. The surface hardness measured after the wear process generally increased at higher loads due to subsurface strain-hardening, and deformation-induced martensitic transformation occurred during the wear process. Surface roughness and weight losses were found to increase with increasing the load for both sensitized and non-sensitized samples. In addition, a great amount of Cr23C6carbides in the grain boundaries favored a size reduction of the debris generated due to wear.
The Mg–Ca–O system: Thermodynamic analysis of oxide data and melting/solidification of Mg alloys with added CaO
Authors: Liang Song-Mao , Kozlov Artem , Schmid-Fetzer Rainer 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSome published experimental results on the thermodynamic data of pure solid CaO and MgO significantly contradict the widely used data in review books or tables, such as JANAF data. We scrutinized all the original experimental data forming the basis in review books and tables in order to establish a more realistic uncertainty range. The two Gibbs energy functions of CaO and MgO are combined with those of all other relevant phases to develop a thermodynamic database for the Mg–Ca–O system. The first systematic study of the calculated Mg–Ca–O phase diagram is presented. This phase diagram is validated by recently obtained dedicated experimental data using in-situ synchrotron radiation diffraction to study phase formation and reactions during melting and solidification of Mg and Mg–Ca alloys with CaO-additions below 1050 K. Intricacies in the solidification path of Mg-rich ternary alloys are revealed by the present thermodynamic calculations. Mg-rich alloys are categorized in four groups according to their participation in different invariant four-phase reactions. The development of non-equilibrium constitution of four phases, (Mg) + Mg2Ca + MgO + CaO, in the fully solidified sample is explained.