bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Turn on, tune in, turn out: Ethnic radio and immigrants' political engagement
Authors: Zonszein Stephanie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDoes the ethnic media promote the political engagement of minority ethnic immigrants? This is a salient question in Western democracies, where the political incorporation of immigrants is a continuous challenge. Prevailing accounts place the media as a primary cause of growing public disengagement. In contrast, this article argues that the entry of community‐centered ethnic media can increase immigrants' political engagement by changing their informational environment and their representation in media and state institutions. In 2004, the UK Parliament enacted the Community Radio Order to allow the licensing of community radio stations. Leveraging the introduction of this law and geographical variation in the distribution of licenses with a difference‐in‐differences approach, this article shows that the exposure of minority ethnic immigrants to radio programming targeted at their community substantively increases their turnout in local elections. The results suggest that immigrants' participation in politics is stimulated by accommodating diversity within common institutions.
Increased packed cell volume alters point of care viscoelastic clotting parameters in horses
Authors: Bishop Rebecca C. , Jonk Kaitlyn M. , Migliorisi Alessandro , Austin Scott M. , Mullins Emma C. , Wilkins Pamela A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundPolycythaemia and coagulopathy are identified risk factors for non‐survival in critically ill horses. Assessment of coagulation is recommended for critical care monitoring but may be affected by concurrent polycythaemia.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of induced polycythaemia on coagulation parameters as measured by a point‐of‐care viscoelastic coagulation device (VCM Vet™).Study designProspective interventional study.MethodsHealthy adult horses (n = 7) were given 6 mcg/kg of phenylephrine IV over 15 min to induce transient polycythaemia. Samples for packed cell volume (PCV), total solids (TS), complete blood count (CBC), activated partial thromboplastin time (PTT), prothrombin (PT) and VCM Vet™ viscoelastic testing were collected at baseline (T0), 5 min (T1) and 2 h (T2) post‐phenylephrine infusion. Splenic volume was measured by transabdominal ultrasonography. VCM Vet™ and plasma‐based coagulation parameters, splenic volume and haematologic values were compared within and between time points.ResultsSplenic volume decreased from T0 (11.5 ± 4.8 L) to T1 (6.1 ± 2 L, p = 0.04) and returned to baseline volume by T2 (12.1 ± 3.9 L, p = 0.8), consistent with phenylephrine‐induced splenic contraction. PCV increased from T0 (37% ± 4%) to T1 (56.3% ± 5.3%; p < 0.001) and returned to baseline at T2 (41.6% ± 3.6%; p = 0.1). A10 and A20 (amplitude at 10 and 20 min, VCM units) were decreased from T0 (12.6 ± 1.6, 18.9 ± 5) to T1 (5.4 ± 1.9, 7.6 ± 2.4; both p < 0.001) and remained lower than baseline at T2 (9.3 ± 2.1, 12.7 ± 3; both p = 0.01). PT and PTT remained within reference ranges with no significant difference over time (p = 0.5 and 0.09, respectively). PCV was negatively correlated with CFT (R = −0.61, p = 0.003), A10 (R = −0.9, p < 0.001) and A20 (R = −0.87, p < 0.001).Main limitationsSmall sample size, limited to healthy mares.ConclusionsPhenylephrine‐induced polycythaemia was associated with hypocoagulable viscoelastic traces using the VCM Vet™ device without effect on plasma‐based coagulation assessments or platelet number. Further investigation of viscoelastic testing is needed in horses with increased PCV due to clinical illness.
Use of glucose sensors for post‐discharge care triaging of insulin‐treated patients with type 2 diabetes: a feasibility study
Authors: Chang Ruby , Piya Milan K. , Ara Paige , Fernandes Brunelle , Simmons David 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe use of glucose sensors to triage post‐discharge follow‐up was investigated among hospital inpatients with type 2 diabetes. Feasibility, utility and patient satisfaction with this model of care were studied. Feasibility was 36.5%, with 90/198 (45.5%) inpatients discharged with glucose sensors but 9.0% unable to use glucose sensors effectively. Follow‐up plans were altered in 76.3% of the patients able to use the sensor technology. Patient satisfaction was high and was improved on follow‐up after 6 months.
Push or pull? Digital notification platform implementation reduces dysglycaemia
Authors: Satheakeerthy Shrirajh , Stretton Brandon , Booth Andrew E. C. , Howson Sarah , Evans Shaun , Kovoor Joshua , McNeil Keith , Hopkins Ashley , Zeitz Kathryn , Leslie Alasdair , Psaltis Peter , Gupta Aashray , Tan Sheryn , Teo Melissa , Vanlint Andrew , Chan Weng O. , Zannettino Andrew , O'Callaghan Patrick G. , Maddison John , Gluck Samuel , Gilbert Toby , Bacchi Stephen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPushing selected information to clinicians, as opposed to the traditional method of clinicians pulling information from an electronic medical record, has the potential to improve care. A digital notification platform was designed by clinicians and implemented in a tertiary hospital to flag dysglycaemia. There were 112 patients included in the study, and the post‐implementation group demonstrated lower rates of dysglycaemia (2.5% vs 1.1%, P = 0.038). These findings raise considerations for information delivery methods for multiple domains in contemporary healthcare.
‘Instructor in action’: Co‐design and evaluation of human‐centred LA‐informed feedback in MOOCs
Authors: Topali Paraskevi , Cobos Ruth , Agirre‐Uribarren Unai , Martínez‐Monés Alejandra , Villagrá‐Sobrino Sara 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundPersonalised and timely feedback in massive open online courses (MOOCs) is hindered due to the large scale and diverse needs of learners. Learning analytics (LA) can support scalable interventions, however they often lack pedagogical and contextual grounding. Previous research claimed that a human‐centred approach in the design of LA solutions can be beneficial. Yet, there is a scarcity of empirical studies discussing participatory approaches addressing LA for feedback in MOOCs.Paper ObjectivesWe report a human‐centred design, where an instructor and a tool developer employed a conceptual framework, named FeeD4Mi, to shape personalised LA‐informed feedback in a MOOC.MethodsThe current study follows a qualitative interpretative approach to understand how the proposed conceptual framework FeeD4Mi served the MOOC instructor and the tool developer to design feedback interventions and re‐design an existing LA tool, respectively.Results and ConclusionsThe results showed that FeeD4Mi helped the tool developer to create a contextualised LA tool, named edX‐LIMS+. edX‐LIMS+ allowed the instructor to monitor and assist struggling MOOC learners in a timely manner. Additionally, FeeD4Mi successfully guided the course instructor in designing and delivering personalised interventions. Yet, the feedback design process was perceived as time‐demanding, an issue we plan to address in our future work.TakeawaysThe current study extends the existing empirical research about employing human‐centred approaches for the design of LA‐driven interventions. Moreover, this study advances the theory of scalable feedback tactics, through a conceptual framework that aims to guide MOOC instructors during the definition of feedback interventions. We envision that this research contributes to promoting participatory approaches for designing, delivering, and evaluating LA‐informed feedback interventions in authentic contexts.
‘And forgive us our debts’: Christian moralities and over‐indebtedness
Authors: Hasan Iftekhar , Noth Felix , Kiesel Konstantin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper analyzes whether Christian moralities and rules formed differently by Catholics and Protestants impact the likelihood of households becoming over‐indebted. We find that over‐indebtedness is lower in regions in which Catholics outweigh Protestants, indicating that Catholics' forgiveness culture and stricter enforcement of rules by Protestants serve as explanations for our results. Our results provide evidence that religion affects the financial situations of individuals and show that even 500 years after the split between Catholics and Protestants, the differences in the mindsets of both denominations play an important role in situations of severe financial conditions.
Effect of ultrasound‐assisted osmotic dehydration (UAOD) pretreatment on Mangifera pajang Kosterm. fruit pulp: Drying kinetics, chemical qualities, and color measurement
Authors: Mohd Rosdan Muhammad Daniel Eazzat , Awang Mohd Azrie , Benjamin Mohammad Amil Zulhilmi , Mohd Amin Siti Faridah , Julmohammad Norliza 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMangifera pajang Kosterm., or 'Bambangan,' a fruit known for its rich phytochemical content, was investigated for the effects of ultrasound‐assisted osmotic dehydration (UAOD) on pretreated M. pajang fruit pulp (PMPF) and drying at different temperatures (40, 50, 60, 70, and 80°C). Thin‐layer drying kinetics were analyzed using six models, with the Midilli and Kucuk model being the most suitable, showing optimal effective moisture diffusivity and activation energy. PMPF dried at 50°C, using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) as the extraction solvent, exhibited the highest extraction yield (64.13 ± 1.08%), mangiferin content (0.5818 ± 0.00164 mg/g), total phenolic content (146.2081 ± 1.33 mg GAE/g DW), total flavonoid content (2.4737 ± 0.06 mg RE/g DW), and DPPH inhibition activity (95.87 ± 0.16%), along with the best color retention compared to untreated M. pajang fruit pulp. This highlights its potential for nutraceutical and functional food applications, with UAOD as pretreatment effectively preserving food quality and color.Practical ApplicationsThis article provides new insights into the drying and pretreatment of Mangifera pajang fruits. Rich in phytochemicals, M. pajang offers numerous health benefits. Pretreatment methods such as ultrasound‐assisted osmotic dehydration (UAOD) and oven drying at different temperatures significantly enhance the retention of bioactive compounds like phenolics and flavonoids, as well as antioxidant activity and color stability. The study identified optimal drying temperatures, conditions, drying rates, and activation energy to maximize these qualities. Using mathematical models for drying kinetics, this research offers practical guidance for the food processing industry. It provides an operational tool for manufacturers to optimize the drying process, reduce operational costs, and ensure the preservation of chemical qualities while extending the shelf life of M. pajang fruits. This work supports the development of high‐quality nutraceutical and functional food ingredients, promoting their commercialisation and use in health‐focused markets.
Measuring multinational production with foreign direct investment statistics: A survey of challenges and recent developments
Authors: Wacker Konstantin M. , Casella Bruno , Borga Maria 
Published: September 2024

AbstractForeign direct investment (FDI) statistics are frequently used to proxy multinational production and activities of multinational enterprises (MNEs). Yet, FDI statistics have been subject to critique because FDI is also driven by financial motives that are barely related to real production activities. In this paper, we survey recent advancements in the compilation of international FDI statistics that address those challenges. We discuss how those improved FDI statistics help to tighten the relation between FDI data and multinational production and provide guidance to applied researchers how to implement this in practice.
Comparison of stress distribution around splinted and nonsplinted implants with different crown height space in posterior mandible: A finite element analysis study
Authors: Güngör Erdoğan Hamiyet , Keleş Mert , Yılmaz Burak 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this finite element analysis (FEA) study was to analyze the stress distribution on prosthetic components of splinted and nonsplinted prostheses, bone, and implants with different crown height space (CHS).Materials and MethodsMandibular posterior segment was modeled with no resorption at the second premolar site and various amounts of resorption (0, 3, 6, and 9 mm) at the first molar site. Two adjacent implants (Straumann bone level implants, 4.1 mm×8 mm) were placed; at the second premolar site, the crown height was 8 mm and at the first molar site, the crown height varied (8, 11, 14, and 17 mm), depending on the amount of resorption. Both splinted and nonsplinted crowns were designed. Vertical and oblique loads of 400 N were applied to the crowns. von Mises stress was used to evaluate the stress distribution in the implant complex and maximum principal stress was used to evaluate the stress in the bone.ResultsWhen oblique forces were applied, the highest von Mises stresses were observed for nonsplinted crowns in the 17 mm CHS group. The maximum principal and minimum principal stresses observed in bone under oblique loading increased with increased CHS for nonsplinted restorations.ConclusionsCrown height affected the amount of stress in bone and implant components. When the crown height difference between two adjacent implants increases, splinting may be crucial.
The Social Character of the Unconscious. A Cross Reading between G. H. Mead and C. G. Jung
Authors: Bruni Lorenzo , Santarelli Matteo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe aim of this essay is to develop an original interpretative hypothesis concerning problematic aspects of Georege Herbert Mead's social theory of the Self in the light of Carl Gustav Jung's analytical psychology. First of all, we will try to unveil a link between the Meadian component of the Self defined I and the dimension of the unconscious. Discussion of this connection will open to the hypothesis that the Meadian I can be understood as both an instinctive, unconscious and non‐pre‐social component of the Self. We will support this interpretative hypothesis by establishing a dialogue with two of the central concepts of Jung's analytical psychology, namely, the collective unconscious and the archetype. As we shall see, the main point of contact between the two theories lies in the identification of a common non‐pre‐social declination of the instinctive and unconscious assumptions of the conscious Self. More narrowly, we will try to explore this hypothesis by arguing for an interpretative affinity between the Jungian archetype and the Meadian social nature of instincts. Along these lines, we will propose a functionalist approach to the interpretation of the instinctive dimension of archetypes, according to which archetypes function instinctively. Our hypothesis of convergence between Mead and Jung with regard to the social nature of instincts and the archetype will lead us to sketch a peculiar and innovative social conception of the unconscious.
Urinary iodine clearance after iodinated contrast administration to healthy cats
Authors: Allegrini Gabriella , Poirier Valerie J. , Pezzali Julia G. , Beaufrère Hughes H. , Shoveller Anna K. , Kopke Matthew A. , Beeler‐Marfisi Janet 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundExogenous iodine interferes with the uptake of radioactive iodine (131I) by the thyroid gland. This has potential implications for the treatment of cats with hyperthyroidism that have recently undergone computed tomography (CT) with IV administration of iodinated contrast medium (ICM).HypothesisTo determine the time to normalize urinary iodine clearance after administration of ICM. We hypothesized that it would require 4 weeks for urinary iodine concentration (UIC) to decrease to baseline after IV administration of ICM.AnimalsTen healthy adult neutered male cats.MethodsAll cats were sedated and received Iopamidol at a dose of 2 mL/kg (600 mg/kg). Urinary iodine and creatinine concentrations were measured before administration of Iopamidol and on days 1, 2, 3, 7, 10 and weeks 2 to 6 after administration. The urinary iodine‐to‐creatinine ratio (UICR) was calculated. Outcome variables were modeled using a linear mixed‐effects model.ResultsUrinary iodine concentration increased 37‐ to 884‐fold on Day 1 after ICM injection and returned to baseline during Week 2. Compared with baseline, UIC was significantly increased for Days 1 to 7 (all P < .001); UC was significantly lower for Days 1 to 10 (all P < .03); and UICR was significantly increased from Days 1 to 10 (all P < .001, except Day 10 P = .05).ConclusionsUrinary clearance of iodine after IV administration of ICM requires 10 days to return to baseline in healthy cats. A 2‐week interval between the iodinated contrast study and 131I treatment could be appropriate but needs to be confirmed in hyperthyroid cats.
Ultrasound characteristics of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: a multi-center case series study
Authors: Zhang Tonglong , Wang Meng , Ruan Lei , Chen Juanping , Zheng Wuwu , Han Sen , Jiang Tianan 
Published: September 2024

Aims: Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE) is a rare vascular tumor that primarily affects the liver. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of conventional ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in HEHE.Material and methods: This multi-center case series study enrolled patients diagnosed with HEHE from five hospitals in China between August 2004 and October 2022. Data on conventional US and CEUS characteristics were collected and analyzed.Results: A total of 41 patients with HEHE were included, comprising 14 males and 27 females with a mean age of 50.62±11.43 years. The mean size of the lesion was 4.51±2.92 cm. Among these patients, 29 were confirmed through surgical resection and 12 through liver biopsy. Conventional US imaging identified three types of HEHE: multifocal type in 35 patients (85.4%), single nodular type in 1 patient (2.4%), and giant type in 5 patients (12.2%). US revealed proximity to the liver capsule in 29 patients (71%), hypoechoic appearance in 36 patients (88%), heterogeneity in 4 patients (10%), and hyperechoic appearance in 1 patient (2.4%). CEUS also demonstrated three distinct enhancement patterns: peripheral marginal enhancement with centripetal filling in the arterial phase and washout in the portal venous and venous phases (23 patients), eterogeneous enhancement in the arterial phase with washout in the subsequent phases (7 patients), and mild hyperenhancement in the arterial phase with resolution in later phases (9 patients). A hypo-enhancement pattern in the portal venous and venous phases was observed in 38 patients, suggesting a higher degree of malignancy.Conclusion: HEHE exhibits specific US findings, primarilypresenting as multiple hypoechoic lesions distributed under the liver capsule.
Beyond morphogenesis and secondary metabolism: function of Velvet proteins and LaeA in fungal pathogenesis
Authors: Calvo Ana M. , Dabholkar Apoorva , Wyman Elizabeth M. , Lohmar Jessica M. , Cary Jeffrey W. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Velvet proteins, as well as the epigenetic regulator LaeA, are conserved in numerous fungal species, where, in response to environmental cues, they control several crucial cellular processes, including sexual and asexual morphogenesis, secondary metabolism, response to oxidative stress, and virulence. During the last two decades, knowledge of their mechanism of action as well as understanding their functional roles, has greatly increased, particularly in
Aspergillus
species. Research efforts from multiple groups followed, leading to the characterization of other Velvet and LaeA homologs in species of other fungal genera, including important opportunistic plant and animal pathogens. This review focuses mainly on the current knowledge of the role of Velvet and LaeA function in fungal pathogenesis. Velvet proteins and LaeA are unique to fungi, and for this reason, additional knowledge of these critical regulatory proteins will be important in the development of targeted control strategies to decrease the detrimental impact of fungal pathogens capable of causing disease in plants and animals.
A three-way interface of the Nipah virus phosphoprotein X-domain coordinates polymerase movement along the viral genome
Authors: Wolf Josef D. , Plemper Richard K. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus causing frequently lethal encephalitis in humans. The NiV genome is encapsidated by the nucleocapsid (N) protein. RNA synthesis is mediated by the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP), consisting of the polymerase (L) protein complexed with the homo-tetrameric phosphoprotein (P). The advance of the polymerase along its template requires iterative dissolution and reformation of transient interactions between P and N protomers in a highly regulated process that remains poorly understood. This study applied functional and biochemical NiV polymerase assays to the problem. We mapped three distinct protein interfaces on the C-terminal P-X domain (P-XD), which form a triangular prism and engage L, the C-terminal N tail, and the globular N core, respectively. Transcomplementation assays using NiV L and N-tail binding-deficient mutants revealed that only one XD of a P tetramer binds to L, whereas three must be available for N-binding for efficient polymerase activity. The dissolution of the N-tail complex with P-XD was coordinated by a transient interaction between N-core and the α−1/2 face of this XD but not unoccupied XDs of the
P
tetramer, creating a timer for coordinated polymerase advance.

IMPORTANCE
Mononegaviruses comprise major human pathogens such as the Ebola virus, rabies virus, respiratory syncytial virus, measles virus, and Nipah virus (NiV). For replication and transcription, their polymerase complexes must negotiate a protein-encapsidated RNA genome, which requires the highly coordinated continuous formation and resolution of protein-protein interfaces as the polymerase advances along the template. The viral P protein assumes a central role in this process, but the molecular mechanism of ensuring polymerase mobility is poorly understood. Studying NiV polymerase complexes, we applied functional and biochemical assays to map three distinct interfaces in the NiV P XD and identified transient interactions between XD and the nucleocapsid core as instrumental in coordinating polymerase advance. These results define a conserved molecular principle regulating paramyxovirus polymerase dynamics and illuminate a promising druggable target for the structure-guided development of broad-spectrum polymerase inhibitors.
Supplemental Material: Enhanced global terrestrial moisture from the Early Triassic to the Late Triassic: Evidence from extensive Neocalamites forests in North China
Authors: Wang Yuchong , Hongwei Kuang , et al.  
Published: September 2024

<p>Figure S1: Macrophotographs of some of <em>Neocalamites</em> fossils on the Luohe, Huangling. Figure S2: The 3-D model drawing of a <em>Neocalamites</em> fossil by 3-D stereophotogrammetry. Figure S3: <em>Neocalamites</em> fossils were found in its present location. Table S1: The location of the areas where the <em>Neocalamites</em> are reported in references. Table S2: Diameters and nearest neighbor distance of <em>Neocalamites</em> fossil forest. Table S3: Measurement of long axis and minor axis from <em>Neocalamites</em>. Table S4: Mean diameter and mean height of bamboos and extant <em>Equisetum</em>.</p>