bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing patients during seizures: A European consensus procedure developed by a joint taskforce of the ILAE – Commission on European Affairs and the European Epilepsy Monitoring Unit Association
Authors: Beniczky Sándor , Neufeld Miri , Diehl Beate , Dobesberger Judith , Trinka Eugen , Mameniskiene Ruta , Rheims Sylvain , Gil‐Nagel Antonio , Craiu Dana , Pressler Ronit , Krysl David , Lebedinsky Angelina , Tassi Laura , Rubboli Guido , Ryvlin Philippe 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThere is currently no international consensus procedure for performing comprehensive periictal testing of patients in the epilepsy monitoring units (EMUs). Our primary goal was to develop a standardized procedure for managing and testing patients during and after seizures in EMUs. The secondary goal was to assess whether it could be implemented in clinical practice (feasibility). A taskforce was appointed by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE)—Commission on European Affairs and the European Epilepsy Monitoring Unit Association, to develop a standardized ictal testing battery (ITB) based on expert opinion and experience with various local testing protocols. ITB contains a comprehensive set of 10 items that evidence the clinically relevant semiologic features, and it is adaptive to the dynamics of the individual seizures. The feasibility of the ITB was prospectively evaluated on 250 seizures from 152 consecutive patients in 10 centers. ITB was successfully implemented in clinical practice in all 10 participating centers and was considered feasible in 93% of the tested seizures. ITB was not feasible for testing seizures of very short duration.
Circulating FVIII‐specific IgG, IgA and IgM memory B cells from haemophilia A patients
Authors: Diaz I. , Bolloré K. , Tuaillon E. , Lapalud P. , Giansily‐Blaizot M. , Vendrell J. P. , Schved J. F. , Lavigne‐Lissalde G. 
Published: July 2016

IntroductionApproximately, 25% of haemophilia A (HA) patients treated by factor VIII (FVIII), develop antibodies, known as inhibitors, neutralizing the activity of infused FVIII. This immune response involves B cells (BC), including FVIII‐specific memory B cells (MBC). Production of anti‐FVIII antibodies after stimulation of FVIII‐specific MBC suggests a role of these cells in the immune response to FVIII. Animal models allowed the study of circulating FVIII‐specific cells, however few data are available on HA patients.Aim and methodsIn the present study, we simultaneously detected, via ELISpot assay, different isotypes of MBC in the blood of HA patients, after polyclonal activation. Patients included: three with active inhibitors; three with a history of inhibitors; six without any past or active inhibitor.ResultsFVIII‐specific MBC were detected in peripheral blood of HA patients: (i) patients with active inhibitors (IgG: 4–5.2/106 BC; IgA: 2.9–4/106 BC) (ii) patients with a past of inhibitors (no IgG BC; IgA: 5–7.5/106 BC) (iii) patients without inhibitors (no IgG BC or IgA BC except one patient had two FVIII‐specific IgA BC/106 BC).ConclusionFVIII‐specific IgA MBC were detected in HA patients with past and current immune responses against FVIII and FVIII‐specific IgG MBC were found only in those with positive inhibitors. This study shows the possibility to detect and characterize easily and simultaneously the MBC from patient blood and that MBC seem different according to anti‐FVIII immune history. It could be a useful tool to study anti‐FVIII response and Immune Tolerance Induction cellular mechanisms.
FOSL1 immunohistochemistry clarifies the distinction between desmoplastic fibroblastoma and fibroma of tendon sheath
Authors: Kato Ikuma , Yoshida Akihiko , Ikegami Masachika , Okuma Tomotake , Tonooka Akiko , Horiguchi Shinichiro , Funata Nobuaki , Kawai Akira , Goto Takahiro , Hishima Tsunekazu , Aoki Ichiro , Motoi Toru 
Published: July 2016

AimsAlthough desmoplastic fibroblastoma (DFB) and fibroma of tendon sheath (FTS) are well‐established entities, they may show overlapping clinicopathological features. In addition, cytogenetic data showing a shared 11q12 rearrangement in a small number of cases suggest a close link between these entities. A recent microarray study revealed up‐regulation of FOSL1 mRNA in DFBs with 11q12 rearrangement. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between DFB and FTS.Methods and resultsWe tested 42 cases diagnosed originally as either DFBs or FTSs for interobserver concordance based on the existing histological criteria and correlated the diagnosis with FOSL1 immunohistochemistry. In addition, FOSL1 gene status was determined by chromogenic in‐situ hybridization (CISH). Using joint histological evaluation, 41 of 42 tumours were classified unanimously by three pathologists into 25 DFBs and 16 FTSs, whereas only one case received discordant opinions. Immunohistochemically, all DFBs showed diffuse, strong FOSL1 nuclear immunoreactivity (25 of 25, 100%), while none of the FTSs showed such overexpression. None of the selected 42 DFB mimics overexpressed FOSL1. FOSL1 was not rearranged in seven DFBs tested by CISH.ConclusionsWe confirm here that DFB and FTS are two distinct entities that can be distinguished using the existing histological criteria. This distinction corresponds perfectly with FOSL1 immunohistochemical expression status, and diffuse strong FOSL1 expression specific to DFBs sharpens the border between the two categories. FOSL1 overexpression in DFB may not be caused directly by FOSL1 gene rearrangement. FOSL1 may also be a diagnostic aid for differentiating DFB from other histological mimics.
Frequent PIK3CA activating mutations in nipple adenomas
Authors: Liau Jau‐Yu , Lee Yi‐Hsuan , Tsai Jia‐Huei , Yuan Chang‐Tsu , Chu Chia‐Yu , Hong Jin‐Bon , Sheen Yi‐Shuan 
Published: July 2016

AimsNipple adenoma (NA) is a rare benign epithelial tumour occurring in the nipple. Histologically, it exhibits variable and often mixed adenosis‐like and usual ductal hyperplasia‐like growth patterns. Morphologically, it is similar to other benign proliferative breast lesions occurring in the breast parenchyma, which have been shown to harbour activating mutations in PIK3CA, AKT1 or, less frequently, in RAS in more than 50% of cases. In this study, we aimed to analyse the mutation status of PIK3CA, AKT1, RAS and BRAF in NAs and correlated the mutation status with the histological features.Methods and resultsMutation analysis of PIK3CA, AKT1, RAS and BRAF was performed in 24 NAs by Sanger sequencing. Our results showed that activating PIK3CA mutations were identified in eight of the 15 NAs (53%) with a predominantly adenosis‐like pattern and four of the nine NAs (44%) with a predominantly usual ductal hyperplasia‐like pattern. One tumour with a PIK3CA H1047R mutation also had a KRAS Q61H mutation. Two tumours with an adenosis‐like pattern had BRAF V600E mutations. Overall, half of the NAs (12 of 24, 50%) in our series had PIK3CA mutations and 58% (14 of 24) had PIK3CA, RAS or BRAF mutations.ConclusionsOur data indicate that, similar to other benign proliferative lesions occurring in the breast parenchyma, activating PIK3CA mutations are very common in NAs, and KRAS mutation may occur concurrently with PIK3CA mutation. In addition, as BRAF mutation has not been identified in benign proliferative lesions in previous studies, BRAF‐mutated NAs appear to have distinct pathogenesis.
Microbial profile and bacterial characterisation of naturally debittered Hurma olives compared to non‐debittered Erkence variety during ripening period
Authors: Sozbilen Gozde Seval , Baysal Ayse Handan 
Published: July 2016

SummaryNaturally debittered Hurma olive is grown in a specific area in Karaburun peninsula in Turkey. It is characterised by its sweet taste and it differs from other varieties by losing its bitterness caused by phenolic compounds during its maturation period on the tree. Therefore, Hurma olive does not require any further debittering process to be served as table olive. This study was particularly interested in the comparison of the microbial profile of Hurma olive during its 8 weeks of maturation period in two subsequent harvest years and Erkence (not naturally debittered) olive. In addition, main bacterial profile of both Hurma and Erkence olives were isolated and identified. Aerobic mesophilic microorganism (AMM), lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Staphylococci, Micrococcaceae, yeasts and moulds (Y&Ms) were detected (counted and isolated) in the olive drupes during the maturation period. Isolated bacteria were identified as different spp. of Bacillaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Micrococcoceae and Pseudomonadaceae.
Total polyphenol extraction from red sorghum grain and effects on the morphological structure of starch granules
Authors: Acquisgrana María del Rosario , Benítez Elisa I. , Gómez Pamies Laura C. , Sosa Gladis L. , Peruchena Nélida M. , Lozano Jorge E. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThe aim of this study was to propose a treatment to reduce the content of total polyphenols (TPP) and to obtain flour without significant morphological changes in the starch granules. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to predict the influence of temperature and time on TPP extraction. Research work was conducted using the central composite design methodology. Results showed that the effect of temperature was more significant than that of time. A quadratic fit of data regarding temperature and linear data adjustment as to time was obtained. A scanning electron microscopy analysis of starch showed no morphological change in the granules at the temperature studied. Starch granules presented a size distribution ranging from 6 to 25 μm being 35% of granules <15 μm, and 65% of granules >15 μm in size, respectively.
Initial case report of an extracted tooth root used for lateral alveolar ridge augmentation
Authors: Schwarz Frank , Schmucker Andrea , Becker Jürgen 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjectivesRecent animal studies have indicated, that tooth roots reveal a structural and biological potential to serve as alternative autografts for localized ridge augmentation. This proof‐of‐concept initial report aimed at investigating, whether this new surgical concept may be applied to humans.Material & MethodsIn one patient, who was in need for horizontal ridge augmentation, the roots of a retained upper wisdom tooth were separated and rigidly fixed at the defect site. After 24 weeks of submerged healing, the primary endpoint was defined as gain in ridge width (mm) being sufficient to place an adequately dimensioned titanium implant at the respective site. Secondary outcomes included safety assessments.ResultsSoft tissue healing was uneventful during the entire observation period. Clinical re‐entry at 24 weeks revealed, that the transplanted root was homogeneously incorporated at the former defect site and mainly replaced by a newly formed hard tissue. The gain in ridge width amounted to 4.5 mm and allowed for a successful implant placement with good primary stability. The procedure was not associated with any wound infection or adverse events.ConclusionsThis novel approach may be further investigated in implant site development procedures.
Prurigo pigmentosa: a clinical and histopathological study of nine Chinese cases
Authors: Zeng X. , Li L. , Cui B.N. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundPrurigo pigmentosa (PP) is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory skin disease with the distinctive and prominent feature of reticulate hyperpigmentation. Most known cases have been reported in Japan; here we report nine Chinese cases.ObjectiveTo determine the clinical manifestation of prurigo pigmentosa and its effects in Chinese individuals compared to patients of other ethnicities.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed nine cases of PP. For all cases, clinical information was collected and reviewed, and skin biopsies were performed. Furthermore, we followed all nine patients to determine the recurrence rate.ResultsAll nine patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of prurigo pigmentosa. The mean age of the patients at diagnosis was 27.4 years, and the patients were predominantly female. Skin lesions at different stages commonly co‐occurred in the same patient. The most commonly affected part of the body was the back, but the armpit was also often involved. Patients responded well to minocycline treatment for the short duration of 8.62 days, and a lower recurrence rate (28.3%) was recorded after treatment. Biopsy revealed classic neutrophil and/or lymphocyte infiltration, spongiosis and necrotic keratocytes. Abscesses occasionally occurred in the follicular orifice. The abnormal presentation of hair follicles was also discovered. All characteristics were found to co‐exist in different stages.ConclusionWe conclude that PP is easy to misdiagnose. Histopathological characteristics can co‐exist at different stages, consistent with the clinical finding that different stages of skin lesions presented concurrently, contributing to misdiagnosis. Oral administration of minocycline not only yields an excellent response, but also effectively reduces the recurrence rate.
Association among interleukin‐6 gene polymorphisms, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and chronic periodontitis: a pilot study
Authors: Kavitha Loganathan , Vijayshree Priyadharshini Jayaseelan , Sivapathasundharam Balasundaram 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAimThe purpose of this pilot study was to determine the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (–174 G>C) in the interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) gene with chronic periodontitis (CP) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in south Indian population.MethodsGenomic DNA was obtained from the white blood cells of 30 patients with T2DM, 30 patients with CP, 30 patients with T2DM with CP, and 30 controls. DNA was amplified using polymerase chain reaction with specific primers flanking the locus –174 of the IL‐6 gene and further genotyped using the restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The genotype distribution and allele frequencies between the study groups were determined using χ2‐test. The relative risk was estimated with a 95% confidence interval.ResultsThe CP group (26.7%) displayed a greater percentage of GC genotype (P = 0.026) when compared to the control group (3.3%). A statistically‐significant difference in the allele frequencies was found between the control and CP group with the C‐allele frequency being greater (0.13) in the CP group than normal controls (0.02).ConclusionThe GC genotype was found to be the risk genotype and the C allele was found to be the risk allele for the development of CP.
Combined CD44, c‐MET, and EGFR expression in p16‐positive and p16‐negative head and neck squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Baschnagel Andrew M. , Tonlaar Nathan , Eskandari Mohammad , Kumar Tripti , Williams Lindsay , Hanna Alaa , Pruetz Barbara L. , Wilson George D. 
Published: July 2016

Purpose/Objective(s)To examine the association between CD44 and c‐MET expression in relation to p16 and EGFR in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).Materials/MethodsImmunohistochemical staining of CD44, p16, EGFR, and c‐MET was performed on 105 locally advanced HNSCC patients treated with chemoradiation. CD44 expression was correlated with c‐MET, EGFR, and p16, locoregional control (LRC), distant metastases (DM), disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsHigh CD44 expression was present in 33% of patients and was associated with non‐oropharynx primaries (P < 0.001), high c‐MET expression (P < 0.001), p16‐negative (P < 0.001) and EGFR‐positive tumors (P < 0.001). Fifty‐seven percent of CD44 high expressing tumors had high c‐MET expression compared to 21% of CD44 low expressing tumors (P < 0.001). High CD44 expression predicted for worse LRC (HR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.16–5.13; P = 0.018), DFS (HR: 2.61; 95% CI: 1.46–4.67; P = 0.001), and OS (HR: 2.52; 95% CI: 1.30–4.92; P = 0.007) but not DM (P = 0.57) on univariate analysis. Patients with both high CD44 and c‐MET expression had a poor prognosis with a 2‐year DFS of 30% compared to 70% in the rest of the cohort (P = 0.003). On multivariable analysis, after adjusting for site, T‐stage, smoking history, and EGFR status, high c‐MET (P = 0.039) and negative p16 status (P = 0.034) predicted for worse DFS, while high CD44 expression did not (P = 0.43).ConclusionsHigh CD44 expression is associated with high c‐MET expression, p16‐negative tumors, and EGFR‐positive tumors. The combination of these markers predicts for poor prognosis in HNSCC patients treated with chemoradiation.
Treating idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis with sequential therapy: A clinical study
Authors: Fan Jianfeng , Shi Yingzuo , Cheng Ming , Zhu Xiaomin , Wang Dafeng 
Published: July 2016

AimThe aim of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of treating idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis with sequential therapy (ST).MethodsFrom January 2010 to June 2013, 49 children with idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis were divided into two groups to accept either atropine ST (ST group, n = 26) or laparoscopic surgery (operation group, n = 23). The remission rate of vomiting, complications, hospital stay and medical expenditure were compared between the two groups. The body weight and the thickness of the pyloric muscle at 6 months after the treatments were also compared.ResultsThe remission rate of vomiting was lower in the ST group (88.5%; 23/26) than in the operation group (100%, 23/23). The difference in the incidence rate of complications, body weight and pyloric muscle thickness was not statistically significant between the two groups. However, the hospital stay was significantly longer, while the medical expenditure was significantly lower in the ST group than in the operation group.ConclusionsAtropine ST is safe, effective and cost‐effective as compared with operation; however, the efficacy of ST is lower than operation.
Melatonin modulates neonatal brain inflammation through endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and miR‐34a/silent information regulator 1 pathway
Authors: Carloni Silvia , Favrais Géraldine , Saliba Elie , Albertini Maria Cristina , Chalon Sylvie , Longini Mariangela , Gressens Pierre , Buonocore Giuseppe , Balduini Walter 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMaternal infection/inflammation represents one of the most important factors involved in the etiology of brain injury in newborns. We investigated the modulating effect of prenatal melatonin on the neonatal brain inflammation process resulting from maternal intraperitoneal (i.p.) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injections. LPS (300 μg/kg) was administered to pregnant rats at gestational days 19 and 20. Melatonin (5 mg/kg) was administered i.p. at the same time as LPS. Melatonin counteracted the LPS sensitization to a second ibotenate‐induced excitotoxic insult performed on postnatal day (PND) 4. As melatonin succeeded in reducing microglial activation in neonatal brain at PND1, pathways previously implicated in brain inflammation regulation, such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, autophagy and silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), a melatonin target, were assessed at the same time‐point in our experimental groups. Results showed that maternal LPS administrations resulted in an increase in CHOP and Hsp70 protein expression and eIF2α phosphorylation, indicative of activation of the unfolded protein response consequent to ER stress, and a slighter decrease in the autophagy process, determined by reduced lipidated LC3 and increased p62 expression. LPS‐induced inflammation also reduced brain SIRT1 expression and affected the expression of miR‐34a, miR146a, and miR‐126. All these effects were blocked by melatonin. Cleaved‐caspase‐3 apoptosis pathway did not seem to be implicated in the noxious effect of LPS on the PND1 brain. We conclude that melatonin is effective in reducing maternal LPS‐induced neonatal inflammation and related brain injury. Its role as a prophylactic/therapeutic drug deserves to be investigated by clinical studies.
Effects of in ovo feeding with glycerol for broilers
Authors: Neves D. G. , Retes P. L. , Rocha R. R. , Ferreira L. G. , Naves L. P. , Alvarenga R. R. , Fassani E. J. , Pereira L. J. , Sousa R. V. , Zangeronimo M. G. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThe objective was to evaluate the effect of in ovo feeding with glycerol on post‐hatch development in broiler chicks. A total of 408 fertile eggs were divided into six experimental groups consisting of five 0.9% saline solutions containing various concentrations of glycerol (12.5, 25.0, 37.5 and 50.0 nmol/ml), and a placebo group (inoculation with saline only) and a control group (without inoculation). Inoculations were performed at 17 days of incubation for the evaluation of hatchability, embryo mortality, body and viscera weights, intestinal epithelium morphometry, blood glucose and liver glycerol kinase activity of chicks at hatching. Inoculation of solutions containing glycerol did not influence body weight at hatching and relative weights of liver, pancreas, intestine and breast. There was a quadratic effect of glycerol levels on the weights of yolk residue and gizzard and on blood glucose, and an increasing linear effect on spleen and heart weights. Higher duodenum and ileum villous height and deeper jejunum and ileum crypts were obtained with 50.0 nmol/ml of glycerol. A linear increasing effect was also observed in liver glycerol kinase activity; however, lower blood glucose was observed with 37.5 and 50 nmol/ml of glycerol. It is therefore concluded that glycerol may be used at doses of 25 nmol/ml as a substrate in in ovo feeding of broiler chickens. However, further studies must be conducted not only to establish an optimal dose but also to evaluate the combination of this substrate with other nutrients used in the in ovo feeding.
ARGOS8 variants generated by CRISPR‐Cas9 improve maize grain yield under field drought stress conditions
Authors: Shi Jinrui , Gao Huirong , Wang Hongyu , Lafitte H. Renee , Archibald Rayeann L. , Yang Meizhu , Hakimi Salim M. , Mo Hua , Habben Jeffrey E. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryMaize ARGOS8 is a negative regulator of ethylene responses. A previous study has shown that transgenic plants constitutively overexpressing ARGOS8 have reduced ethylene sensitivity and improved grain yield under drought stress conditions. To explore the targeted use of ARGOS8 native expression variation in drought‐tolerant breeding, a diverse set of over 400 maize inbreds was examined for ARGOS8 mRNA expression, but the expression levels in all lines were less than that created in the original ARGOS8 transgenic events. We then employed a CRISPR‐Cas‐enabled advanced breeding technology to generate novel variants of ARGOS8. The native maize GOS2 promoter, which confers a moderate level of constitutive expression, was inserted into the 5′‐untranslated region of the native ARGOS8 gene or was used to replace the native promoter of ARGOS8. Precise genomic DNA modification at the ARGOS8 locus was verified by PCR and sequencing. The ARGOS8 variants had elevated levels of ARGOS8 transcripts relative to the native allele and these transcripts were detectable in all the tissues tested, which was the expected results using the GOS2 promoter. A field study showed that compared to the WT, the ARGOS8 variants increased grain yield by five bushels per acre under flowering stress conditions and had no yield loss under well‐watered conditions. These results demonstrate the utility of the CRISPR‐Cas9 system in generating novel allelic variation for breeding drought‐tolerant crops.