bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iron Induced Changes in Biochemical Composition of Freshwater Fish Gonoproktopterus Kolus (SYKES)
Authors: D. M. Karanjkar , Deshpande V. Y. 
Published: September 2016

<div><p><em>Fingerlings of freshwater fish Gonoproktopterus kolus (Sykes) were exposed to Ferric Chloride (FeCl<sub>3</sub>) in acute toxicity (96 hr.) experiment. The LC<sub>0</sub> and LC<sub>50</sub>concentrations were 1.370 ppm and 1.928 ppm respectively. After acute exposure, various tissues viz. gill, liver, muscle, kidney and intestine were obtained separately from control, LC<sub>0</sub> and LC<sub>50</sub> groups. These tissues were subjected for estimations of glycogen, protein and lipid using standard methods. As compared to control group, the glycogen content in all the tissues decreased considerably. The total protein content decreased in all tissues except, kidney in LC<sub>0</sub> group. Total lipid content decreased in all tissues after acute exposure, as compared to control group. It was observed that, the fish Gonoproktopterus kolus exposed to Ferric Chloride in acute toxicity experiment caused depletion in biochemical composition in various tissues.</em></p></div>
Promoting Healthy Cognitive Aging: A Systematic Review and Analysis
Authors: Kim Suk-hee 
Published: September 2016

<div><p><em>Promoting healthy cognitive aging within social work has been raised over the years, but the effectiveness of many preventions and interventions in healthy aging brain has been questioned because of the lack of the evidence. </em><em>The purpose of the study is to carry out a scientific research review and analysis related to healthy cognitive aging brain and professional social work. This study reviewed major trends in the health care in cognitive aging environment which impacts on social work education, practice, and research including a shift from in-patient to community care setting and increasing diversity of the older adult population. </em><em>A systematic review was conducted to determine the effectiveness of promoting healthy cognitive aging that target mild-cognitive impairment and screening among older-adults. In this scientific literature review, quantitative and qualitative outcome studies between 1989 and 2016 were reviewed. The researcher found that educational and social activity group interventions that can ease social isolation and loneliness among older adults. However, the effectiveness of home visiting remains unclear. The study also was completed to address a growing area of cognitive aging brain concern and implication for health care providers and professionals. Overall research findings support positive effects of social and family support, early mild-cognitive screening, quality of social network, healthy choice eating, and physical and mental activity in improving healthy mild-cognitive aging. </em></p></div>
Chlorophycean Diversity of Selected Ponds in Etturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary, Warangal District, Telangana, India
Authors: Prakash J. W. 
Published: September 2016

<div><p><em>The present investigation was mainly aimed for to know the Chlorophycean diversity of selected ponds in </em><em>Etturnagaram wildlife sanctuary, Warangal District of Telangana, India. </em><em>The study was carried out for 6 months survey of Chlorophycean taxa, which deals with the planktonic, epithelic and benthic algae of ponds were studied. The total 38 taxa of Chlorophycean members have been recorded.</em><em> This study was carried out during the months from 2015 December to May 2016.The samples were taken from five fixed ponds during the dry season of the year. </em><em></em></p></div>
A Critical Study of Values, Self-concept and Creativity among under Graduate Students from Rural Colleges
Authors: Dafare Priyanka , Bhende R. G. 
Published: September 2016

<div><p><strong>Objective</strong>- <em>The main objective of the study is to find out the values,self-concept and creativity amongUnder Graduate Students from Rural Colleges. This study will focus on comparison between the female student and male student about the values, self-concepts as per its dimensions and creativity.</em></p><p><strong>Methodology</strong>- <em>this research was done on the basis of Descriptive method. The investigator preferred normative survey for study.</em></p><p><strong>Tools</strong>- <em>the tools used for study was questionnaire PVQ by Dr Mrs. G.P. Sherry and Late prof. R.R. Verma, SCQ by R. K. Sarswat.TCW by , Dr. Baquer Mehndi .</em></p><p><strong>Finding<em>- </em></strong><em>Female students are higher than male student about Religious values.There is significance difference between male and female students about Hedonistic value, Power value and Family Prestige Value.There is no significance difference between male and female students about Aesthetic Values, Social Values, Democratic Values, Knowledge Values, Economical Values and Health Values.Female M.Ed. students are higher in self-concept in comparisons with male student. Male students are stronger than female students about physical self-concept. It is also found that Social self-concept among female is poor than male students. When compare for the Temperamental self-concept, Educational self-concept and Moral self-concept study shows that there is no significance difference in male and female students. While in case of intelligence self-concept female student are found to be more active and stronger.Female students are more creative than male students.</em></p></div>
Flash Calculation and Phase Stability Analysis of Reservoir Gas-Water System—Implication for Extracting Dissolved CH4 by CO2 Injection
Authors: Zhao Haining 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Geologic formations with abnormally high pressure and temperature are capable of storing huge amounts of methane, the production of methane while storing CO2 in aquifer could help offset the cost of CO2 capture and sequestration. The effect of dissolved CO2 in the water-rich phase on the total methane recovery from a CH4-saturated aquifer is still not clear, due to the lack of reliable equation of state to model water-containing reservoir gas systems.
Modeling vapor-liquid phase equilibria of water-containing reservoir gas systems is previously considered a challenge for the cubic equation of state models. A concise and reliable phase behavior model for compositional reservoir simulation is presented that uses a modified Wong-Sandler mixing rule with Non-Random-Two-Liquid (NRTL) model to perform flash calculation and stability analysis for gas-water systems (CH4-H2O, CO2-H2O, CO2-CH4-H2O, etc) at reservoir temperatures and pressures. The proposed model is able to handle both strongly polar fluid system and hydrocarbon fluid system under the same thermodynamic framework.
The model performance for the CH4-H2O and CO2-CH4-H2O systems was validated by a large amount of experimental data. As for the CH4-H2O system, the average absolute deviation of model calculated phase composition from the experimental data is around 5% for the gas phase and 7% for the aqueous phase. The model was used to simulate the two processes of CH4 recovery by CO2 injection: 1) the forward multiple-contact process; and 2) the backward multiple-contact process. The results showed that the forward multiple-contact process dominates CH4 recovery by CO2 injection. The maximum CH4 recovery factor (MRF) from CH4-saturated water by CO2 injection is approximately 50% to 70% and it is achieved only within a narrow temperature range (350 to 370K), regardless of pressure. The multiple-contact phase behavior simulation showed that, in typically reservoir pressures and temperatures (20 to 160 MPa, and 300 to 470K), 5 to 12 mole CO2 may be needed to recovery 1 mole of CH4 from CH4-saturated water.
Impact of Muscular Arteries State on the Results of Surgical Treatment of Lower Limb Obliterating Atherosclerosis
Authors: Sander Sergey V 
Published: September 2016

The failure of surgical treatment of obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremities may be associated with underestimation of changes in local hemodynamics, particularly in arterial hypertension.The objective of the research was to study the state of small muscular arteries in patients with arterial hypertension and its impact on the course of obliterating atherosclerosis and the results of surgical treatment.Materials and methods. There were examined 281 patients with obliterating atherosclerosis and 32 patients with arterial hypertension. Patients with obliterating atherosclerosis received presumptive treatment: an intravenous infusion of 4.2 g of L-arginine, forceful intra-arterial injection of 20-80 ml of infusate (heparin, pentoxifylline, procaine), femoral and gluteal nerve block. Results. Among hypertensive patients without obliterating atherosclerosis 13 persons had paraesthesia, feeling of coldness in the feet, platypodia, hypomyotonia, slow (63.7±1.3 sec) reactive hyperemia, arterial stenosis (40-45%), and low-amplitude or nonpulsative local blood flow. Among 97 patients with stable course of obliterating atherosclerosis 49 (50.5%) persons were diagnosed with uncomplicated arterial hypertension. Most of patients (80.3%) had single level occlusions of the iliac-femoral or femoral-popliteal segment. Presumptive treatment was effective in 87.1% of cases, reactive hyperemia was rapid (26.2±0.4 sec), local blood flow was pulsative. Arterial reconstruction with limb preservation for more than 1 year was performed in 12 (12.4%) cases. Among 184 patients with progressive course of obliterating atherosclerosis 162 (88.0%) persons were diagnosed with complicated arterial hypertension. Most of patients (83.7%) had multilevel lesions with diffuse stenosis or occlusions of the tibial arteries. Presumptive treatment was effective in 9.5% cases, reactive hyperemia was slow (106.3±2.7 sec), local blood flow was nonpulsative. Within 2 months 83 patients underwent above-knee amputation. Arterial reconstruction with limb preservation for more than 1 year was performed in 17 cases. Patients with arterial hypertension and obliterating atherosclerosis developed sclerosis of muscular arteries, intimal hyperplasia.Conclusions. Arterial hypertension causes lesions of small muscular arteries of the lower limbs. Hypertensive arteriopathy initiates the ascending development of obliterating atherosclerosis, causes hypertensive foot syndrome and unsatisfactory results of arterial reconstructions.
Computed tomographic findings of pulmonary atelectasis in healthy anesthetized Beagles
Authors: le Roux Christelle , Cassel Nicolette , Fosgate Geoffrey T. , Zwingenberger Allison L. , Kirberger Robert M. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the extent and location of atelectasis in healthy anesthetized dogs positioned in lateral recumbency and to determine whether repositioning dogs in sternal recumbency would resolve atelectasis.
ANIMALS 6 healthy adult Beagles.
PROCEDURES Each dog was anesthetized and underwent a CT examination twice with a 2-week interval between examinations. Once anesthetized, each dog was positioned in sternal recumbency, and a breath-hold helical transverse thoracic CT scan was acquired. The dog was then positioned in lateral recumbency for 30 minutes, and images were obtained at 5 preselected sites at 3, 8, 13, 20, and 30 minutes after repositioning (phase 1). Then, the dog was repositioned in sternal recumbency, and CT images were obtained at the 5 preselected sites at 5, 10, and 20 minutes after repositioning (phase 2). The protocol for the second examination was the same as the first except the dog was positioned in the opposite lateral recumbency during phase 1. The attenuation and cross-sectional area of the lung lobes at the preselected sites were measured and compared over time.
RESULTS Lateral recumbency did not cause atelectasis in any of the dogs. Patchy areas of abnormally increased attenuation were infrequently detected in the left cranial lung lobe when dogs were positioned in left lateral recumbency, and those areas failed to resolve when dogs were positioned in sternal recumbency.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that the extent of lung attenuation changes was minimal in healthy anesthetized Beagles positioned in lateral recumbency and should not preclude CT examination.
Evaluation of the minimum infectious dose of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in virus-inoculated feed
Authors: Schumacher Loni L. , Woodworth Jason C. , Jones Cassandra K. , Chen Qi , Zhang Jianqiang , Gauger Phillip C. , Stark Charles R. , Main Rodger G. , Hesse Richard A. , Tokach Mike D. , Dritz Steve S. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the minimum infectious dose of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in virus-inoculated feed.
ANIMALS 30 crossbred 10-day-old pigs.
PROCEDURES Tissue culture PEDV was diluted to form 8 serial 10-fold dilutions. An aliquot of stock virus (5.6 × 105 TCID50/mL) and each serial PEDV dilution were mixed into 4.5-kg batches of feed to create 9 PEDV-inoculated feed doses; 1 virus-negative dose of culture medium in feed was also created. Pigs were challenge exposed via oral administration of PEDV-inoculated feed, and fecal swab specimens were collected. All pigs were euthanized 7 days after challenge exposure; fresh tissues were collected and used for PCR assay, histologic examination, and immunohistochemical analysis.
RESULTS The PCR cycle threshold (Ct) decreased by approximately 10 when PEDV was added to feed, compared with results for equivalent PEDV diluted in tissue culture medium. Pigs became infected with PEDV when challenge exposed with the 4 highest concentrations (lowest concentration to cause infection, 5.6 × 101 TCID50/g; Ct = 27 in tissue culture medium and 37 in feed).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this study, PEDV in feed with detectable Ct values of 27 to 37 was infective. The Ct was 37 for the lowest infective PEDV dose in feed, which may be above the limit of detection established for PEDV PCR assays used by some diagnostic laboratories. Overall, results indicated 5.6 × 101 TCID50/g was the minimum PEDV dose in feed that can lead to infection in 10-day-old pigs under the conditions of this study.
Isolation of endothelial colony-forming cells from blood samples collected from the jugular and cephalic veins of healthy adult horses
Authors: Sharpe Ashley N. , Seeto Wen J. , Winter Randolph L. , Zhong Qiao , Lipke Elizabeth A. , Wooldridge Anne A. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate optimal isolation of endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) from peripheral blood of horses.
SAMPLE Jugular and cephalic venous blood samples from 17 adult horses.
PROCEDURES Each blood sample was divided; isolation was performed with whole blood adherence (WBA) and density gradient centrifugation (DGC). Isolated cells were characterized by uptake of 1,1’-dioctadecyl-3,3,3’,3’-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate–labeled acetylated low-density lipoprotein (DiI-Ac-LDL), vascular tubule formation, and expression of endothelial (CD34, CD105, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, and von Willebrand factor) and hematopoietic (CD14) cell markers by use of indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and flow cytometry.
RESULTS Colonies with cobblestone morphology were isolated from 15 of 17 horses. Blood collected from the cephalic vein yielded colonies significantly more often (14/17 horses) than did blood collected from the jugular vein (8/17 horses). Of 14 cephalic blood samples with colonies, 13 were obtained with DGC and 8 with WBA. Of 8 jugular blood samples with colonies, 8 were obtained with DGC and 4 with WBA. Colony frequency (colonies per milliliter of blood) was significantly higher for cephalic blood samples and samples isolated with DGC. Cells formed vascular tubules, had uptake of DiI-Ac-LDL, and expressed endothelial markers by use of IFA and flow cytometry, which confirmed their identity as ECFCs.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Maximum yield of ECFCs was obtained for blood samples collected from both the jugular and cephalic veins and use of DGC to isolate cells. Consistent yield of ECFCs from peripheral blood of horses will enable studies to evaluate diagnostic and therapeutic uses.
An Investigation on Disease Incidence, Grain Yield and Quality of BRRI Dhan29 in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Md. Mahbubul , Sobahan Muhammad Abdus , Akter Nasima , Hossain Ismail 
Published: September 2016

Rice crops are susceptible to disease, which causes large yield losses in many Asian countries. The influence of disease incidence and severity on grain yield and quality of the rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. BRRI dhan29) was investigated in three different locations of Chief Farm Superintendent’s (CFS) farm viz. Near Weather Yard (location-1), Near Agronomy Farm (location-2) and Near CFS farm office (location-3), Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), mymensingh, Bangladesh during boro season. In location-1, both brown spot and sheath blight were recorded whereas in location-2 and in location-3 only brown spot was recorded. Severity of brown spot was lowest at the location-1 and the highest at the location-3. Combined incidence of brown spot and sheath blight decreased the yield considerably whereas brown spot did not alone. Maximum severity of sheath blight was observed both in flowering and soft dough stage and minimum at maximum tillering stage. The lowest infection index of brown spot was obtained at maximum tillering stage and the highest infection index was obtained at soft dough stage whereas maximum and minimum infection index of sheath blight of rice were recorded at soft dough stage and maximum tillering stage, respectively. Aparently healthy seeds, spotted seeds, discoloured seeds, deformed seeds and chaffy grains were found among the three locations. Germination percentage was highest in healthy seeds compared to other category seeds. Alternaria padwickii, Alternaria tenuis, Bipolaris oryzae, Curvularia lunata and Fusarium semitectum were found to be associated with the seed. The highest and lowest occurrence of A. padwickii, A. tenuis, B. oryzae, C. lunata were recorded from chaffy grains and from healthy seeds, respectively. It is suggest that disease incidence and severity was gradually increased with the age of the plant and reduced yield and quality of BRRI dhan29. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 311-317
Cumulative Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation and Photosyntheically Active Radiation on Phycobiliproteins of A Hot-Spring Cyanobacatrium Nostoc sp. strain HKAR-2
Authors: Kannaujiya Vinod K. , Rahman Akhlaqur , Adinath . , Sonker Arun S. , Pathak Jainendra , Rajneesh . , Sundaram Shanthy , Sinha Rajeshwar P. 
Published: September 2016

Cyanobacteria are cosmopolitan in distribution and have adapted to diverse habitats. Adaptation of cyanobacteria is one of the key factors to withstand harsh environmental conditions. We have investigated the effects of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR; 400–700 nm), ultraviolet-B (UV-B; 280–315 nm) radiation and PAR+UV-B radiations on phycobiliproteins (PBPs) of a hot-spring cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. HKAR-2. There was a continuous induction of both phycoerythrin (PE) and phycocyanin (PC) after exposure of PAR up to 300 min. However, there was an induction in the synthesis of both PE and PC up to 240 min exposure of UV-B and PAR+UV-B radiations. Further exposure showed decline in the synthesis due to rapid uncoupling, bleaching and degradation of PBPs. Similarly, emission fluorescence also showed an induction with a shift towards longer wavelengths after 240 min of UV-B and PAR+UV-B exposure. These results indicate that short duration of UV radiation may promote the synthesis of PBPs that can be utilized in various biotechnological and biomedical applications. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 247-253
Antimicrobial Activity of the Leaf, Flower and Stem Extracts of Sphenoclea zeylanica
Authors: Gowri J. , Sahayaraj P.Arockia , Amaladasan M 
Published: September 2016

The present study was carried out with an objective to investigate the antimicrobial potentials of leaves, flowers and stem extracts of Sphenoclea zeylanica. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and to determine the zone of inhibition of extracts against medically important bacterial and fungal strains. The antimicrobial activity was determined in the extracts using zone of inhibition method. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of extracts (40, 50, 60 and 70) of Sphenoclea zeylanica were tested against B. subtilis, P. vulgaris, S.aureus, E.coli, C. albicans, A. niger, S. typhi and B. cereus. Zone of inhibition of extracts were compared with that of control for antimicrobial activity. The results showed that the leaf extract showed notable inhibition of the microbial growth against the tested organisms. The microbial activity of the Sphenoclea zeylanic a might be due to the presence of various secondary metabolites. Hence, this plant can be used to identify the specific bioactive natural products which may serve as leads in the development of new antimicrobial agents.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 325-329
Determination of Urinary Oxalate with Arylamine Glass-Bound Sorghum Oxalate Oxidase and Horseradish Peroxidase
Authors: Thakur M. , Bhargava A.K. , Pundir C.S. 
Published: September 2016

We describe an enzymic colourimetric method for determination of oxalate level in urine using arylamine glass-bound sorghum leaf oxalate oxidase and horseradish peroxidase. The method is based on quantification of H2O2 generated from oxidation of urinary oxalate by immobilized oxalate oxidase, by a colour reaction consisting of 4-aminophnazone, phenol and immobilized peroxidase as chromogen. Minimum detection limit of the method was 0.05 mmol/l. Analytical recovery of added oxalate in urine was 96.8± 3.0% (mean ±S.D.). Within and between day coefficient of variation (CV) for urinary oxalate in urine were < 3.5% and <6.46 % respectively. The urinary oxalate values in apparently healthy and urinary stone formers as measured by the present method were correlated with those by modified Sigma Kit method (r= 0.929). The method has the advantages that it provides ca 200 times reuse of oxalate oxidase and peroxidase and free from interferences by Cl- and NO3- normally found in urine. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 346-351
Western Blot Method Evaluation for Detection of Helicobacter pylori Infections against H. pylori Ag in Stool Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay in Adult Egyptian Patients
Authors: Rashed Mohamed E. , M.M. Amer , Elnakeeb Mostafa , Omer Waleed Saeed 
Published: September 2016

Helicobacter pylori infection is tremendous medical burden especially in developing countries. Various immunological tests are available for diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Western blot method is proven to be promising for Precise, easy reading, sensitive and specific detection of H. pylori infections, besides it also permits the detection for the different virulence factors of CagA / VacA positive strains (type I). The objective of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of commercial Western Blot (WB) method in the serological diagnosis of H. pylori infections against the H. pylori Ag in stool (HpSAg) using commercial enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) in adult dyspeptic Egyptian patients. Also we investigated the prevalence of virulence factors, cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) and vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) in the infected patients. Samples from 46 adult dyspeptic Egyptian patients were tested by the two methods. WB test gave accurate confirmed result with (82.6% accuracy and 89.5% sensitivity) compared to HpSAg test. Also the results indicated a high seroprevalence of cagA- and vacA-positive virulent H. pylori type I strains in adult infected population indicate that such strains may be common in this population and responsible for the majority of H. pylori infection among adult Egyptians. We concluded that WB method could be useful for the confirmatory detection of antibody profiles to H. pylori antigens and virulence factors in adult Egyptian patients.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 352-358