bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intelligent prediction and biological validation of the high reassortment potential of avian H5N1 and human H3N2 influenza viruses
Authors: Li Jing , Wei Jun-Qing , Li Ya-Dan , Zhang Sen , Jiang Shu-Yang , Chen Yue-Hong , Li Yu-Chang , Feng Ye , Kang Xiao-Ping , Liu Wei , Jiang Tao , Tong Yigang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Current highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza (HPAI H5N1) viruses in bovine and other mammals have been posing unprecedented risks to public health. It’s vital and urgent to assess the pandemic potential of the HPAI H5N1 virus, and the risk degree posed by the virus infection or the genome reassortment with human influenza A viruses (IAVs). An attentional deep learning framework here was constructed of Human Adaptive Influenza virus Reassortment using Attentional Networks based on Genome Embedding (HAIRANGE), to predict high-risk reassortment between avian and human IAVs. HAIRANGE embedded genomic contextual codons covering both RNA and protein information, biologically interpretable on viral adaptive codon contexts of IAVs, predicted accurately adaptive IAV genes and adaptive reassortment between avian and human IAVs on independent validation data sets of RNA polymerase-related genes. A high adaptive reassortment risk was predicted by HAIRANGE of the current bovine HPAI H5N1 viruses with human H3N2 IAVs, as has been in vitro validated with polymerase reporter assay. In summary, the present study provides an intelligent tool to predict high-risk IAV reassortment based on genome embedding. Current bovine HPAI H5N1 is posing high pandemic potential via possible genomic reassortment with human IAVs.
Endocardial-mesenchymal transition underlies fusion of the conotruncal ridges during normal and bicuspid aortic valve development
Authors: Soto-Navarrete María Teresa , Pozo-Vilumbrales Bárbara , López-Unzu Miguel A. , Martín-Chaves Laura , Durán Ana C. , Fernández Borja 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Right-left bicuspid aortic valve (R-L BAV) is the most frequent phenotype of the most common congenital heart disease. Its etiology is based on two associated morphogenetic defects during cardiac outflow tract (OFT) septation: abnormal migration of cardiac neural crest (CNC) cells, and excessive fusion of the conotruncal ridges (CRs). The aim of this study is to elucidate the mechanism involved in the fusion of the CRs responsible for normal and abnormal OFT septation and BAV formation. Two mechanisms have been proposed: endocardial apoptosis and endocardial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The involvement of these mechanisms in the fusion event was tested in embryos of the hamster model with BAV. Apoptotic cells were absent in the fusion area of the CRs. However, we detected endocardial cells (CD34+;VE-Cadherin+) showing positive signals for migration markers (α-actin+) in the fusion area of the CRs of embryos developing both normal aortic valve and BAV. These cells showed an intermediate morphological phenotype between endocardial and mesenchymal cells. The findings clearly indicate that EMT, and not apoptosis, is the cellular mechanism underlying the normal and excessive fusion of CRs that give rise to tricuspid aortic valve and BAV, respectively. Furthermore, our results show that the fusion of CRs in embryos developing BAV continues after the OFT septation, suggesting over-induction of EMT by abnormally distributed CNC cells.
How much we express love predicts how much we feel loved in daily life
Authors: Williams Lindy , Kim Sharon H. , Li Yanling , Heshmati Saida , Vandekerckhove Joachim , Roeser Robert W. , Oravecz Zita 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Feeling and expressing love in daily life are interconnected and perhaps mutually influential experiences. In this study we examined the reciprocal dynamics of feeling and expressing love and its relation to well-being using an ecological momentary assessment design. Over a four-week period, we asked participants (N = 52; 67% Female; 80% White) to report their levels of feeling loved and expressing love six times a day. Using a continuous-time process model, we explored individual differences in inertia (i.e. persistence of a process over time) and cross-influences of felt and expressed love over time. We found that increases in expressing love led to increased feelings of being loved over time; however, increases in felt love did not lead to increases in expressing love. Notably, participants with greater inertia in their felt love levels reported higher levels of overall flourishing. These results suggest new avenues for psychological well-being interventions which target increasing loving feelings through encouraging more expressions of love.
Clinicopathological significance of androgen receptor expression and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in triple-negative breast cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ushigusa Takeshi , Hirakawa Nami , Kajiura Yuka , Yoshida Atsushi , Yamauchi Hideko , Kanomata Naoki 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is aggressive and has limited treatment options. This study explored the clinical significance of androgen receptor (AR) expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in predicting neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) resistance in TNBC, hypothesizing that AR/TIL classification can identify NAC-resistant subgroups and improve the understanding of apocrine differentiation.
Methods
This retrospective study included 96 consecutive patients with TNBC treated with NAC. AR immunostaining was defined as positive if ≥ 1% of the tumor cell nuclei were stained and stromal TIL levels were assessed, with high levels defined as ≥ 50%. Apocrine differentiation was detected using an anti-15-PGDH antibody. Pathological response to NAC was also evaluated.
Results
Overall, 38% (n = 36) of the patients achieved pathological complete response (pCR). AR+/TILlow tumors had a significantly higher non-pCR rate (79%, 23 of 29 patients) and were resistant to NAC. Kaplan-Meier plots showed significant differences in overall survival (OS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) among the four AR/TIL subgroups (OS, P = 0.047; DMFS, P = 0.0053). All seven cases with some degree of apocrine differentiation were AR+/TILlow, 15-PGDH-positive, and showed NAC resistance. AR+/TILlow status as an independent predictor of non-pCR (OR 0.32, P = 0.032). pCR predicted better prognosis (OS, HR 0.14, P = 0.010; DMFS, HR 0.11, P = 0.003), whereas AR+/TILlow status was not significantly associated with OS or DMFS.
Conclusions
AR/TIL classification was used to identify TNBC subgroups with distinct NAC responses and prognoses. AR+/TILlow TNBC, including cases with some degree of apocrine differentiation, are NAC-resistant, suggesting the need for alternative therapies.
Trends in Postpartum Hemorrhage Prevalence and Comorbidity Burden: Insights from the ENACT Network Aggregated Electronic Health Record Data
Authors: Samayamuthu Malarkodi J. , Kravchenko Olga , Lo-Ciganic Wei-Hsuan , Sadhu Eugene M. , Yang Seonkyeong , Visweswaran Shyam , Gopalakrishnan Vanathi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The goal of this study was to assess trends in postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), its risk factors, and maternal comorbidity burden in the United States using aggregate data from the Evolve to Next-Gen Accrual to Clinical Trials (ENACT) network. This federated network employs interactive querying of electronic health record data repositories in academic medical centers nationwide. We conducted repeated annual cross-sectional analyses to evaluate PPH occurrence and comorbidities across various ethnoracial and sociodemographic groups, starting with a large cohort of 1,287,675 unique delivery hospitalizations collected from 22 ENACT sites between 2005 and 2022. During this time, there was a statistically significant increasing trend in the prevalence of PPH, rising from 5,634 to 10,504 PPH per 100,000 deliveries (Ptrend <0.001). Our findings revealed a continuous upward trend in PPH rates that remained consistent among women with ≥ 1 comorbid conditions (Ptrend <0.001) and those with ≥ 1 maternal risk factor (Ptrend <0.001). This result aligns with prior studies and extends beyond the time periods previously reported. Overall, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander women had the highest PPH prevalence (~ 13%), followed by Asian (9.8%), American Indian or Alaska Native (8.9%), multirace (8.6%), Black or African American (8.4%) and White (7.4%) women. The top PPH risk factor identified was placenta previa or accreta, while the top comorbidity was antepartum hemorrhage / placental abruption. The most common cause of PPH, namely uterine atony, was prevalent in ENACT data. Our analysis highlights significant ethnoracial disparities and underscores the need for targeted preventative interventions.
Predictors of HIV-1 RNA Viral Suppression in ART Treated PWLH in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Gandla Sindhuri , Nakka Raja , Khan Ruhul , Bose Eliezer , Ghebremichael Musie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: HIV remains a significant health issue, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. There are 39 million PLWH globally. Treatment with ART improves patient outcomes by suppressing the HIV RNA viral load. However, not all patients treated with ART suppress HIV RNA viral load. This research paper explores the potential predictors of viral suppression in ART-treated PLWH. Viral suppression was defined as having less than 1,000 copies/ml during the study period.
Methods: We used retrospective data from the 4,713 ART-treated PLWH. The participants were enrolled through population-based surveys conducted in Zambia and Malawi. Ensemble machine learning (ML) methods that combine multiple ML algorithms were applied to identify predictors of viral suppression. Ensemble methods are used to reduce bias and variance and improve accuracy, thereby offering superior predictions compared to individual ML algorithms.
Results: The age of the participants ranged from 15 to 64 years, with a majority being females. In Malawi, the bagging, boosting, and stacking models each achieved 94% accuracy. In Zambia, the accuracies were 90% (bagging), 88% (boosting), and 91% (stacking). Feature importance plots were used to identify the important features associated with VL suppression. Our findings indicated that ART status was strongly associated with higher odds of viral suppression: Malawi [OR= 106.69,95% CI: 52.82–215.4, p < 0.001] and Zambia [OR = 35.76,95% CI: 21.25–60.17, p < 0.001]. Moreover, older age: Malawi [OR= 1.03,95% CI: 1.01–1.05, p =0.001] and Zambia [OR= 1.05,95% CI: 1.03-1.07, p < 0.001], higher CD4 T-cell count: Malawi [OR= 1.006,95% CI: 1.005–1.007, p < 0.001] and Zambia [OR= 1.004,95% CI: 1.003–1.005, p < 0.001], and longer duration on ART: Malawi [OR= 1.78,95% CI: 1.527–2.07, p < 0.001] and Zambia [OR= 1.54,95% CI: 1.29–1.83, p < 0.001] were identified as significant predictors of viral suppression. Though it was not statistically significant, ART initiation within 12 months of HIV infection has also been associated with viral suppression: Malawi [OR=1.78, 95% CI = 1.52–2.07, p < 0.01] and Zambia [OR=1.53, 95% CI = 1.29–1.82, p < 0.01].
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that ART status, age, CD4 T-cell count, early initiation of ART, and ART adherence were significant predictors of viral suppression. Besides ART treatment, HIV prevention programs in the region should integrate education on early ART initiation and adherence in PLWH.
Ivermectin Treatment for Nasal Myiasis Complicated by Orbital Cellulitis: A Case Report from Southern Thailand
Authors: Promsopa Chakapan , Janprasert Jiratchaya , Prapaisit Usaporn , Suwanparin Nichana 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Nasal myiasis, a rare parasitic infestation caused by fly larvae can lead to severe complications such as orbital cellulitis if left untreated. We present a case of a 55-year-old female with nasal myiasis and orbital cellulitis secondary to maggot infestation, successfully managed with a multidisciplinary approach and adjunctive therapy with ivermectin. This case report highlights the efficacy of ivermectin in the treatment of nasal myiasis and provides a comprehensive literature review on its mechanism of action and clinical use in similar cases.
DNA sequential logic circuits for counters and bioinformatics repositories
Authors: Wu Tongbo , Xie Tianci , Li Changjiang , Hu Minghao , Zhong Xing-Yu , Xiao Junbin , Zhang Zhen , Wang Ze 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The capacity to retain and precisely release historical data at the right moments is typically managed by sequential logic circuits within computer systems. However, this functionality is notably absent in the realm of DNA computing. To bridge this gap, we have engineered a novel series of sequential logic circuits. These circuits, which encompass SR-latches composed of NOR and NAND gates as well as D-latches, are designed with simplicity, autonomy, and reusability. Furthermore, we have successfully constructed addition, subtraction, and reversible counters leveraging these foundational circuits. The principles and functionalities of these latches have been ingeniously extended to applications such as toxin detection and dynamic ATP imaging within cellular environments.
A novel frameshift mutation GLI3c.1826delG in a Greig-cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome patient with nontypical preaxial polydactyly: A case report
Authors: Singh Chandra Bhan , Jain Pradeep , Singh Subodh Kumar , Kumar Ashok , Pathak Vikash Kumar , Ali Akhtar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Typical Greig cephalopolysyndactyly (GCPS) is a rare, autosomal dominant congenital limb malformation that is characterized by macrocephaly, ocular hypertelorism, preaxial polydactyly with or without postaxial polydactyly, and cutaneous syndactyly. Hypoplasia or agenesis of the corpus callosum, developmental delay, intellectual disability, or seizures have also been observed in a few patients with GCPS. The frequency of GCPS syndrome is approximately 1–9/1,000,000 worldwide. GCPS is caused by GLI3 mutations that lead to functional haploinsufficiency in patients. In the present study, we enrolled a 7-year-old girl from an Eastern Indian population. The patient had clinical features of macrocephaly, ocular hypertelorism, a broad and flattened nasal bridge, thumb duplication in the left hand, a broad thumb in the right hand and bilateral symmetrical preaxial polydactyly in both feet (hallucal polydactyly). Patients with uncommon or nontypical phenotypes, such as preaxial polydactyly, in which extra toes (or hallux) were located at a right angle (900) from rest toes in both feet and low-set ears, were observed. This patient was diagnosed and confirmed to be a GCPS patient. Resequencing of the GLI3 gene has identified a novel and pathogenic frame-shift mutation, GLI3c.1826delG, in the heterozygous condition in zinc finger domain within one-third of the full-length GLI3 protein, which caused GCPS phenotypes. The frameshift mutation GLI3c.1826delG alters the whole trial and sequence of the protein, followed by the generation of a stop codon within the zinc finger domain and premature truncation of the GLI3 protein. The GLI3c.1826delG mutation leads to haploinsufficiency of the GLI3 full-length protein. The parents were also screened for the GLI3c.1826delG mutation, and a normal genotype was confirmed to be a de novo mutation in the proband (patient). The present study revealed that the frameshift truncation mutation GLI3c.1826delG is a pathogenic genetic variant located in the zinc finger domain within one-third of the full length GLI3 protein, which supports the genotype–phenotype correlation in GCPS patients reported previously.
Effect of Electroencephalography-based Motor Imagery Neurofeedback on Mu Suppression During Motor Attempt in Patients with Stroke
Authors: Cha Seungwoo , Kim Kyoung Tae , Chang Won Kee , Paik Nam-Jong , Choi Ji Soo , Lim Hyunmi , Kim Won-Seok , Ku Jeonghun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
The primary aims of this study were to explore the neurophysiological effects of motor imagery neurofeedback using electroencephalography (EEG), specifically focusing on mu suppression during serial motor attempts and assessing its potential benefits in patients with subacute stroke.
Methods
A total of 15 patients with hemiplegia following subacute ischemic stroke were prospectively enrolled in this randomized cross-over study. This study comprised two experiments: neurofeedback and sham. Each experiment included four blocks: three blocks of resting, grasp, resting, and intervention, followed by one block of resting and grasp. During the resting sessions, the participants fixated on a white cross on a black background for 2 minutes without moving their upper extremities. In the grasp sessions, the participants were instructed to grasp and release their paretic hand at a frequency of about 1 Hz for 3 minutes while fixating on the same white cross. During the intervention sessions, neurofeedback involved presenting a punching image with the affected upper limb corresponding to the mu suppression induced by imagined movement, while the sham involved mu suppression of other randomly selected participants 3 minutes. EEG data were recorded during the experiment, and data from C3/C4 and P3/P4 were used for analyses to compare the degree of mu suppression between the neurofeedback and sham conditions.
Results
Significant mu suppression was observed in the bilateral motor and parietal cortices during the neurofeedback intervention compared with the sham condition across serial sessions (p < 0.001). Following neurofeedback, the real grasping sessions showed progressive strengthening of mu suppression in the ipsilesional motor cortex and bilateral parietal cortices compared to those following sham (p < 0.05), an effect not observed in the contralesional motor cortex.
Conclusion
Motor imagery neurofeedback significantly enhances mu suppression in the ipsilesional motor and bilateral parietal cortices during motor attempts in patients with subacute stroke. These findings suggest that motor imagery neurofeedback could serve as a promising adjunctive therapy to enhance motor-related cortical activity and support motor rehabilitation in patients with stroke.
Effectiveness of Social Skills Interventions in young people aged 12 to 25 years with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Velalagan Ramya , Wu Weng Tong , John James Rufus , Lin Ping-I , Eapen Valsamma 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The aim of this review to examine the available evidence on the efficacy of social skills interventions (SSI) on core autistic traits among youth diagnosed with autism aged 12-25 years. The review included 15 studies (N=1244) where the meta-analysis findings revealed that participants receiving SSIs resulted in improvements in social skills, based on observation (SMD=0.49, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.78), adolescent (social knowledge (SMD=2.03, 95% CI: 1.15; 2.91) and social performance (SMD=0.45, 95% CI: 0.10; 0.81), and parent (SMD=0.42, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.71) reports. However, when SSIs were compared to an active control group, none of the reported measures showed a statistically significant effect of the SSI. Future research should prioritise enhancing study quality, particularly using active control conditions.
Approaching the Theoretical Efficiency of Kesterite Solar Cells: Analysis of Radiative and Non-Radiative Losses in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4
Authors: Wong Lydia , Hadke Shreyash , Su Zhenghua , Meng Qingbo , Xin Hao , Wu Sixin , Liang Guang-Xing , Shao Zhipeng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 is among the most promising inorganic photoabsorbers for thin film solar cells. Characteristics such as a high absorption coefficient, solution-processability, and earth-abundant constituents highlight its potential for large-scale photovoltaics. However, the photovoltaic performance of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 has so far been hindered by open-circuit voltage losses (ΔVOC) in the radiative (ΔVOCRad) and non-radiative limit (ΔVOCNrad), due to sub-bandgap absorption and deep defect states, respectively. Suppressing these two major loss factors could propel Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 towards commercial relevance. In the past 2 years, record efficiency approaching 15% has been reported, prompting a renewed interest that the performance-limiting factors have been overcome. In this perspective, we quantify the ΔVOC for the recently reported high power conversion efficiency devices, compare the relevant photovoltaic metrics to previous records, and offer directions for future research. We find that ΔVOCRad due to bandgap fluctuations and Urbach tails has been suppressed in the recent record devices, with values approaching those for record efficiency Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 solar cells. However, we also find that the recombination parameter J0, which more closely relates to the ΔVOCNrad, only shows modest improvements compared to previous records, and has values that must be improved by about four to six orders of magnitude to compete with those for Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 solar cells. The impressive performance gains that have been achieved by suppressing ΔVOCRad must now be built upon to suppress ΔVOCNrad. Our analysis points out that the next level of breakthrough in power conversion efficiency will be achieved by reducing the non-radiative recombination due to deep defects in the bulk, and at grain boundaries and interfaces.
Indigenously crafted Polyglycolic Acid (Vicryl) Mesh for making hepatic snood as a savior for badly lacerated left lobe of Liver in a child with Blunt Trauma to Abdomen
Authors: Jain Nitin , Ratan Simmi K 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Major liver trauma is a potentially fatal injury. Management of liver injuries has considerably changed with an inclination towards non-operative management but in about 5–10% of cases with extensive grades of liver injuries exploration becomes mandatory. Bleeding is recognized as the most common cause of death from liver injuries and surgical measures taken by operating surgeon are mainly focused on control of life-threatening exsanguination. Damage control laparotomy with packing of the abdominal cavity and abdominal organs has become a standard surgical maneuver but peri-hepatic packing has its own associated complications. Mesh wrapping of the liver has the potential to avert the need for reoperation and decrease blood product requirements. Mesh wrapping of the liver is analogous to perihepatic packing. The significant difference is that perihepatic packing applies diffuse pressure within the abdominal cavity that often affects other organs while in mesh wrapping pressure is applied directly to the organ without affecting other abdominal organs. Here we present a case of major liver laceration after blunt abdominal trauma managed with mesh wrapping where the mesh was handwoven from polyglycolic acid (Vicryl) suture material and crafted in to a snood that covered the lacerated portion of liver.