bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A targeted illumination optical fiber probe for high resolution fluorescence imaging and optical switching
Authors: Shinde Anant , Perinchery Sandeep Menon , Murukeshan Vadakke Matham 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAn optical imaging probe with targeted multispectral and spatiotemporal illumination features has applications in many diagnostic biomedical studies. However, these systems are mostly adapted in conventional microscopes, limiting their use for in vitro applications. We present a variable resolution imaging probe using a digital micromirror device (DMD) with an achievable maximum lateral resolution of 2.7 μm and an axial resolution of 5.5 μm, along with precise shape selective targeted illumination ability. We have demonstrated switching of different wavelengths to image multiple regions in the field of view. Moreover, the targeted illumination feature allows enhanced image contrast by time averaged imaging of selected regions with different optical exposure. The region specific multidirectional scanning feature of this probe has facilitated high speed targeted confocal imaging.
Controlled droplet transport to target on a high adhesion surface with multi-gradients
Authors: Deng Siyan , Shang Weifeng , Feng Shile , Zhu Shiping , Xing Yan , Li Dan , Hou Yongping , Zheng Yongmei 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe introduce multi-gradients including Laplace pressure gradient, wettable gradient and wettable different gradient on a high adhesion surface via special wedge-pattern and improved anodic oxidation method. As a result of the cooperative effect mentioned above, controlled directional motion of a droplet on a high adhesion surface is realized, even when the surface is turned upside down. The droplet motion can be predicted and the movement distances can be controlled by simply adjusting the wedge angle and droplet volume. More interestingly, when Laplace pressure gradient is introduced on a V-shaped wettable gradient surface, two droplets can move toward one another as designed.
Okanin, effective constituent of the flower tea Coreopsis tinctoria, attenuates LPS-induced microglial activation through inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways
Authors: Hou Yue , Li Guoxun , Wang Jian , Pan Yingni , Jiao Kun , Du Juan , Chen Ru , Wang Bing , Li Ning 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe EtOAc extract ofCoreopsis tinctoriaNutt. significantly inhibited LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production, as judged by the Griess reaction, and attenuated the LPS-induced elevation in iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA levels, as determined by quantitative real-time PCR, when incubated with BV-2 microglial cells. Immunohistochemical results showed that the EtOAc extract significantly decreased the number of Iba-1-positive cells in the hippocampal region of LPS-treated mouse brains. The major effective constituent of the EtOAc extract, okanin, was further investigated. Okanin significantly suppressed LPS-induced iNOS expression and also inhibited IL-6 and TNF-α production and mRNA expression in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. Western blot analysis indicated that okanin suppressed LPS-induced activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation of IκBα and decreasing the level of nuclear NF-κB p65 after LPS treatment. Immunofluorescence staining results showed that okanin inhibited the translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit from the cytosol to the nucleus. Moreover, okanin significantly inhibited LPS-induced TLR4 expression in BV-2 cells. In summary, okanin attenuates LPS-induced activation of microglia. This effect may be associated with its capacity to inhibit the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways. These results suggest that okanin may have potential as a nutritional preventive strategy for neurodegenerative disorders.
Network-based characterization and prediction of human DNA repair genes and pathways
Authors: Li Yan-Hui , Zhang Gai-Gai 
Published: April 2017

AbstractNetwork biology is a useful strategy to understand cell’s functional organization. In this study, for the first time, we successfully introduced network approaches to study properties of human DNA repair genes. Compared with non-DNA repair genes, we found distinguishing features for DNA repair genes: (i) they tend to have higher degrees; (ii) they tend to be located at global network center; (iii) they tend to interact directly with each other. Based on these features, we developed the first algorithm to predict new DNA repair genes. We tested several machine-learning models and found that support vector machine with kernel function of radial basis function (RBF) achieve the best performance, with precision = 0.74 and area under curve (AUC) = 0.96. In the end, we applied the algorithm to predict new DNA repair genes and got 32 new candidates. Literature supporting four of the predictions was found. We believe the network approaches introduced here might open a new avenue to understand DNA repair genes and pathways. The suggested algorithm and the predicted genes might be helpful for scientists in the field.
Cholinesterase-like organocatalysis by imidazole and imidazole-bearing molecules
Authors: Nieri Paola , Carpi Sara , Fogli Stefano , Polini Beatrice , Breschi Maria Cristina , Podestà Adriano 
Published: April 2017

AbstractOrganocatalysis, which is mostly explored for its new potential industrial applications, also represents a chemical event involved in endogenous processes. In the present study, we provide the first evidence that imidazole and imidazole derivatives have cholinesterase-like properties since they can accelerate the hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine and propionylthiocholine in a concentration-dependent manner. The natural imidazole-containing molecules as L-histidine and histamine show a catalytic activity, comparable to that of imidazole itself, whereas synthetic molecules, as cimetidine and clonidine, were less active. In the experimental conditions used, the reaction progress curves were sigmoidal and the rational of such unexpected behavior as well as the mechanism of catalysis is discussed. Although indirectly, findings of the present study suggests that imidazolic compounds may interfere with the homeostasis of the cholinergic system in vivo.
Structural heterogeneity of the μ-opioid receptor’s conformational ensemble in the apo state
Authors: Sena Diniz M. , Cong Xiaojing , Giorgetti Alejandro , Kless Achim , Carloni Paolo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractG-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest and most pharmaceutically relevant family of membrane proteins. Here, fully unbiased, enhanced sampling simulations of a constitutively active mutant (CAM) of a class A GPCR, the μ-opioid receptor (μOR), demonstrates repeated transitions between the inactive (IS) and active-like (AS-L) states. The interconversion features typical activation/inactivation patterns involving established conformational rearrangements of conserved residues. By contrast, wild-type μOR remains in IS during the same course of simulation, consistent with the low basal activity of the protein. The simulations point to an important role of residue W2936.48 at the “toggle switch” in the mutation-induced constitutive activation. Such role has been already observed for other CAMs of class A GPCRs. We also find a significantly populated intermediate state, rather similar to IS. Based on the remarkable accord between simulations and experiments, we suggest here that this state, which has escaped so far experimental characterization, might constitute an early step in the activation process of the apo μOR CAM.
Accelerometer assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and successful ageing: results from the Whitehall II study
Authors: Menai Mehdi , van Hees Vincent T. , Elbaz Alexis , Kivimaki Mika , Singh-Manoux Archana , Sabia Séverine 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPhysical activity is key for successful ageing, but questions remain regarding the optimal physical activity pattern. We examined the cross-sectional association between physical activity and successful ageing using data on 3,749 participants (age range = 60–83years) of the Whitehall II study. The participants underwent a clinical assessment, completed a 20-item physical activity questionnaire, and wore a wrist-mounted accelerometer for 9 days. Successful ageing was defined as good cognitive, motor, and respiratory functioning, along with absence of disability, mental health problems, and major chronic diseases. Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) episodes assessed by accelerometer was classified as “short” (1–9.59 minutes) and “long” (≥10 minutes) bouts. Linear multivariate regression showed that successful agers (N = 789) reported 3.79 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.39–6.19) minutes more daily MVPA than other participants. Accelerometer data showed this difference to be 3.40 (95% CI:2.44–4.35) minutes for MVPA undertaken in short bouts, 4.16 (95% CI:3.11–5.20) minutes for long bouts, and 7.55 (95% CI:5.86–9.24) minutes for all MVPA bouts lasting 1 minute or more. Multivariate logistic regressions showed that participants undertaking ≥150 minutes of MVPA per week were more likely to be successful agers with both self-reported (Odd Ratio (OR) = 1.29,95% (CI):1.09–1.53) and accelerometer data (length bout ≥1 minute:OR = 1.92, 95%CI:1.60–2.30). Successful agers practice more MVPA, having both more short and long bouts, than non-successful agers.
Formation mechanism of axial macrosegregation of primary phases induced by a static magnetic field during directional solidification
Authors: Li Xi , Fautrelle Yves , Ren Zhongming , Moreau Rene 
Published: April 2017

AbstractUnderstanding the macrosegregation formed by applying magnetic fields is of high commercial importance. This work investigates how static magnetic fields control the solute and primary phase distributions in four directionally solidified alloys (i.e., Al-Cu, Al-Si, Al-Ni and Zn-Cu alloys). Experimental results demonstrate that significant axial macrosegregation of the solute and primary phases (i.e., Al2Cu, Si, Al3Ni and Zn5Cu phases) occurs at the initial solidification stage of the samples. This finding is accompanied by two interface transitions in the mushy zone: quasi planar → sloping → quasi planar. The amplitude of the macrosegregation of the primary phases under the magnetic field is related to the magnetic field intensity, temperature gradient and growth speed. The corresponding numerical simulations present a unidirectional thermoelectric (TE) magnetic convection pattern in the mushy zone as a consequence of the interaction between the magnetic field and TE current. Furthermore, a model is proposed to explain the peculiar macrosegregation phenomenon by considering the effect of the forced TE magnetic convection on the solute distribution. The present study not only offers a new approach to control the solute distribution by applying a static magnetic field but also facilitates the understanding of crystal growth in the solute that is controlled by the static magnetic field during directional solidification.
TM4SF1 Promotes Metastasis of Pancreatic Cancer via Regulating the Expression of DDR1
Authors: Yang Jia-chun , Zhang Yi , He Si-jia , Li Ming-ming , Cai Xiao-lei , Wang Hui , Xu Lei-ming , Cao Jia 
Published: April 2017

AbstractTransmembrane-4-L-six-family-1(TM4SF1), a four-transmembrane L6 family member, is highly expressed in various pancreatic cancer cell lines and promotes cancer cells metastasis. However, the TM4SF1-associated signaling network in metastasis remains unknown. In the present study, we found that TM4SF1 affected the formation and function of invadopodia. Silencing of TM4SF1 reduced the expression of DDR1 significantly in PANC-1 and AsPC-1 cells. Through double fluorescence immuno-staining and Co-immunoprecipitation, we also found that TM4SF1 colocalized with DDR1 and had an interaction with DDR1. In addition, upregulating the expression of DDR1 rescued the inhibitory effects of cell migration and invasion, the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 and the formation and function of invadopodia when TM4SF1 silenced. In pancreatic cancer tissues, qRT-PCR and scatter plots analysis further determined that TM4SF1 had a correlation with DDR1. Collectively, our study provides a novel regulatory pathway involving TM4SF1, DDR1, MMP2 and MMP9, which promotes the formation and function of invadopodia to support cell migration and invasion in pancreatic cancer.
Einsatz des Beschwerdenvalidierungstests BEVA in der sozialmedizinischen Begutachtung
Authors: Walter F. , Lid N. , Petermann F. , Kobelt A. 
Published: April 2017

Zusammenfassung
Die vorliegende Studie ermittelt, inwiefern der BEVA als Screening geeignet ist, um negative Antwortverzerrungen bei Rentenantragstellern mit psychosomatischen Erkrankungen in der sozialmedizinischen Begutachtung zu erfassen.
107 Versicherte, die eine Erwerbsminderungsrente aufgrund einer psychosomatischen Erkrankung beantragt haben, füllten den BEVA, den SFSS sowie einen soziodemografischen Fragebogen aus. Die sozialmedizinischen Gutachter schätzen die Glaubwürdigkeit der Beschwerdendarstellung der Versicherten ein. Es wurde ein Known-Group-Design bzw. ein Bootstrapping-Design genutzt, um die Validität des BEVA zu schätzen.
Bei dem Außenkriterium SFSS konnten folgende psychometrische Kennwerte für den BEVA ermittelt werden: Spezifität=0,86, Sensitivität=0,42, positiv prädiktiver Wert=0,81, negativ prädiktiver Wert=0,51. Die Interrater-Reliabilität entspricht Cohens κ=0,253. Für die Gutachtereinschätzung als Außenkriterium konnten weitere psychometrische Kennwerte berechnet werden: Spezifität=0,71, Sensitivität=0,32, positiv prädiktiver Wert=0,38, negativ prädiktiver Wert=0,66. Die Beurteilerübereinstimmung beträgt Cohens κ=0,031.
Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen, dass der BEVA vor allem eine sehr gute Spezifität aufweist, um negative Antwortverzerrungen zu erheben. Dies ist im Hinblick auf ethische Aspekte dringend anzustreben. Weiterhin zeigt die Studie, dass - neben den Gutachtereinschätzungen – weitere Verfahren die Erkennung von negativen Antwortzerrungen verbessern könnten.
Quality Assessment of Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Developmental Disorders – A Feasibility Study Using the Example of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Ulusoy Marta , Borusiak Peter , Hameister Karin , Geraedts Max 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe question of a possible presence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is raised with increasing frequency in pediatric practice. There are guidelines and expert recommendations for diagnostic approaches. But there are no instruments available to evaluate the structural, process and outcome quality. In this pilot study, a set of quality indicators on the treatment quality of ADHD was analyzed in terms of their feasibility in tertiary referral centers.A set of 39 quality indicators (QI) on ADHD developed in advance in a multistage procedure was assessed at 9 tertiary referral centers, with a focus on process verifiability and feasibility. QI values were calculated as ratios for individual centers as well as across centers, followed by an explorative analysis to assess feasibility under due consideration of possible influencing factors.QI assessment is possible but highly complex and expensive in practice. Calculated QI values showed a high degree of heterogeneity between facilities as well as between institutions, which was mainly due to a lack of standardization in the documentation of required data.Basically, it is possible to assess the quality of ADHD treatment via QIs. The approach described here in assessing QIs may be also applied to other types of developmental disorders.
Einfluss einer „Offenen-Tür-Politik“ auf die Stationsatmosphäre: Auswirkungen auf die Behandlungsqualität
Authors: Lo Sou , Gaupp Rainer , Huber Christian , Schneeberger Andres , Garic Gabrijela , Voulgaris Alexander , Walter Marc , Borgwardt Stefan , Lang Undine 
Published: April 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie war es, die Veränderung des Stationsklimas während eines Türöffnungsprozesses zu untersuchen.
Methodik Die Essen Climate Evaluation Schema (EssenCES) wurde auf neu geöffneten (n = 2, 1 Jahr), geöffneten (n = 2, 4 Jahre) und langjährig offenen (n = 2, > 20 Jahre) Stationen untersucht.
Ergebnisse Die Stationsatmosphäre auf den neu geöffneten Stationen verbesserte sich signifikant. Zwangsmaßnahmen und Entlassungen gegen ärztlichen Rat wurden reduziert.
Schlussfolgerung Die Öffnung von Akutstationen kann zu einem günstigeren Stationsklima führen.
Die Behandlung des Alkoholentzugs mit Oxazepam oder Clomethiazol – eine naturalistische Beobachtungsstudie
Authors: Verthein Uwe , Kuhn Silke , Gabriel Katrin , Mautsch Ulrich , Reimer Jens , Behrendt Klaus 
Published: April 2017

ZusammenfassungClomethiazol und Oxazepam in der stationären Alkoholentzugsbehandlung werden miteinander verglichen. Es handelt sich um eine naturalistische, stratifizierte Nichtunterlegenheitsstudie. Zielkriterium ist die Entzugssymptomatik (AWS) der ersten fünf Tage. 453 Patienten nahmen teil, die mittlere Behandlungsdauer betrug 14,0 (± 6,3) Tage. Der durchschnittliche AWS-Wert der Oxazepamgruppe betrug 50,0 (± 26,5), der der Clomethiazolgruppe 56,2 (± 31,5) Punkte (p < 0,05; d = – 0,25). Oxazepam ist unter Routineversorgungsbedingungen bei der Behandlung der Entzugssymptomatik dem in Deutschland lange Zeit (vorrangig) verwendeten Clomethiazol mindestens gleichwertig.
Inanspruchnahme der Anschlussrehabilitation nach einer Bandscheibenoperation
Authors: Dannenmaier Julia , Ritter Sabrina , Jankowiak Silke , Kaluscha Rainer , Krischak Gert 
Published: April 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie ist die Identifikation von Merkmalen, die die Inanspruchnahme einer Anschlussrehabilitation (AR) einschließlich einer möglichen häuslichen Übergangszeit zwischen Akutaufenthalt und AR beeinflussen.
Mithilfe eines verknüpften Routinedatensatzes der Deutschen Rentenversicherung Bund, Deutschen Rentenversicherung Baden-Württemberg und der AOK Baden-Württemberg wurde der Einfluss von ambulanten und akutstationären Behandlungen sowie von Patientenmerkmalen auf die Inanspruchnahme einer AR und deren Zeitpunkt mittels logistischer Regression geprüft.
Eine AR wurde eher von älteren und deutschen Patienten in Anspruch genommen. Ebenso gingen Patienten mit Adipositas sowie diese, die in der Akutklinik physikalisch-therapeutische Einzelmaßnahmen erhielten, eher zur AR. Erhielten die Patienten während der Operation mind. eine Bluttransfusion, nahmen sie nur halb so oft eine AR in Anspruch.Eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit für eine Direktverlegung in die Rehabilitationseinrichtung wiesen weibliche und ältere Patienten auf sowie diese, die physikalisch-therapeutische Einzelmaßnahmen erhielten. Zwischen 2005 und 2010 nahm die Wahrscheinlichkeit für eine AR ohne Direktverlegung, also über eine häusliche Übergangszeit, zu.
Die Inanspruchnahme und der Zeitpunkt der AR spiegeln die individuellen Behandlungsbedürfnisse der Patienten wider und scheinen insofern bedarfsorientiert zu erfolgen. Dennoch gibt es Hinweise auf eine Unterinanspruchnahme bestimmter Patientengruppen (ausländische Staatsangehörige, Arbeitslose, männliche Patienten).
Vom psychiatrischen Fachbegriff zur schädlichen Plattitüde – Eine kognitionspsychologische Analyse
Authors: Nischk Daniel , Merz Philippe 
Published: April 2017

ZusammenfassungIn psychiatrischen Institutionen werden Menschen mit psychischen Störungen häufig unreflektiert mithilfe von Fachbegriffen aus verschiedenen Disziplinen beschrieben und analysiert. Durch solche Gewohnheiten werden Fachbegriffe jedoch zu unscharfen, allzu evaluativen und real gedachten Alltagsbegriffen, die durch Prozesse des schematischen Denkens das unvoreingenommene Verständnis gegenüber psychisch Kranken und die Validität der Diagnosen gefährden sowie den therapeutischen Prozess erheblich erschweren können. Die Kenntnis dieser Mechanismen, die regelmäßige Analyse der eigenen sprachlichen Gewohnheiten sowie bestimmte klinische Kontextbedingungen können helfen, diese Gefahren zu erkennen und abzumildern.
„Ich bin nicht die Diagnose – aber sie ist auch ein Teil von mir“ – Eine qualitative Interviewstudie zu Sichtweisen von psychisch erkrankten Menschen
Authors: Peter Olivia , Lang Johanna , Stein Katharina , Wirth Katharina , Jungbauer Johannes 
Published: April 2017

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Subjektive Sichtweisen psychisch erkrankter Menschen im Hinblick auf ihre Diagnose sollten differenziert untersucht werden.
Methode 16 qualitative Interviews mit psychiatrischen Patienten wurden geführt und inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Betroffene erfahren aufgrund ihrer Diagnose oft Ablehnung und Stigmatisierung. Zugleich sehen sie die Diagnose als Orientierungshilfe und Ansatzpunkt für Veränderungen. Die Auseinandersetzung mit der Diagnose wird als langfristiger Prozess beschrieben, der die Sicht auf die Erkrankung und die eigene Person nachhaltig verändert.
Schlussfolgerungen Die „Aneignung“ einer psychiatrischen Diagnose ist ein komplexer identitätsbezogener Prozess, der durch geeignete Beratungsangebote unterstützt werden sollte.
Efficacy and safety of PICOPREP tailored dosing compared with PICOPREP day-before dosing for colon cleansing: a multi-centric randomised study
Authors: Kiesslich Ralf , Schubert Stefan , Mross Michael , Klugmann Tobias , Klemt-Kropp Michael , Behnken Imke , Bonnaud Gillaume , Keulen Eric , Groenen Marcel , Blaker Michael , Ponchon Thierry , Landry Wilfred , Stoltenberg Meredin 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims The success of any colonoscopy procedure depends upon the quality of bowel preparation. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a new tailored dosing (TD) regimen compared with the approved PICOPREP day-before dosing regimen (DBD) in the European Union.
Patient and methods Patients (≥ 18 years) undergoing colonoscopy were randomised (2:1) to TD (Dose 1, 10 – 18 hours; Dose 2, 4 – 6 hours before colonoscopy) or DBD (Dose 1 before 8:00AM on the day before colonoscopy; Dose 2, 6 – 8 hours after Dose 1). The primary endpoint of overall colon cleansing efficacy was based on total Ottawa Scale (OS) scores (0 – 14, excellent-worst). The key secondary endpoint was a binary endpoint based on the ascending colon OS (success 0 or 1, failure [≥ 2]). Convenience and satisfaction were evaluated similar to the primary and key secondary endpoints. Safety and tolerability were also evaluated.
Results Use of the PICOPREP TD regimen resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the mean total Ottawa Scale score compared to the PICOPREP DBD regimen (–3.93, 95 % confidence intervals [CI]: – 4.99, – 2.97; P < 0.0001) in the intent-to-treat analysis set. The PICOPREP TD regimen also resulted in a statistically significant increase in the odds of achieving an ascending colon OS score ≤ 1, compared to the PICOPREP DBD regimen (estimated odds ratio 9.18, 95 % CI: 4.36, 19.32; P < 0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference in the overall rate of treatment-emergent adverse events (12 % (TD) and 5.7 % (DBD), respectively, P = 0.2988). The convenience and satisfaction were comparable in the two groups.
Conclusion The TD regimen was superior to the DBD regimen for overall and ascending colon cleansing efficacy. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02239692