bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A thermodynamic model for the solubility of HfO2(am) in the aqueous K + – HCO3
− – CO3
2 − –  OH − – H2O system
Authors: Rai Dhanpat , Kitamura Akira , Rosso Kevin M. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Solubility of HfO2(am) was determined as a function of KHCO3 concentrations ranging from 0.001 mol·kg−1 to 0.1 mol·kg−1. The solubility of HfO2(am) increased dramatically with the increase in KHCO3 concentrations, indicating that Hf(IV) makes strong complexes with carbonate. Thermodynamic equilibrium constants for the formation of Hf-carbonate complexes were determined using both the Pitzer and SIT models. The dramatic increase in Hf concentrations with the increase in KHCO3 concentrations can best be described by the formation of Hf(OH−)2(CO3)2
2− and Hf(CO3)5
6−. The log10
K
0 values for the reactions [Hf4++2CO3
2−+2OH−⇌Hf(OH)2(CO3)2
2−] and [Hf4++5CO3
2−⇌Hf(CO3)5
6−], based on the SIT model, were determined to be 44.53±0.46 and 41.53±0.46, respectively, and based on the Pitzer model they were 44.56±0.48 and 40.20±0.48, respectively.
Arsenic and breast cancer: a systematic review of epidemiologic studies
Authors: Khanjani Narges , Jafarnejad Abu-Bakr , Tavakkoli Leila 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntroduction:Arsenic is one of the heavy metals known to be a cause of cancer and many other serious human health problems. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), has classified arsenic as a Group 1 carcinogen. Studies were performed in different populations to investigate the association between arsenic and breast cancer and the present paper attempts to review these studies.Methods and materials:Accessible electronic resources including, PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Science Direct and Scopus and Google Scholar were searched, with relevant phrases up to October 30, 2016. All articles were reviewed by two people separately and among them, original epidemiologic studies that investigated the association between breast cancer and exposure to arsenic were included.Results:Eventually seven articles were selected from 126 retrieved articles. Although three studies (one case-control and two ecological) were not able to show a significant affect, others provide some evidence of a relation between arsenic and breast cancer in specific subgroups.Conclusion:Exposure to arsenic may increase the risk of breast cancer. The strength of this relation can vary due to regional and individual differences.
Comparison and visualisation of agreement for paired lists of rankings
Authors: Donald Margaret R. , Wilson Susan R. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract:
Output from analysis of a high-throughput ‘omics’ experiment very often is a ranked list. One commonly encountered example is a ranked list of differentially expressed genes from a gene expression experiment, with a length of many hundreds of genes. There are numerous situations where interest is in the comparison of outputs following, say, two (or more) different experiments, or of different approaches to the analysis that produce different ranked lists. Rather than considering exact agreement between the rankings, following others, we consider two ranked lists to be in agreement if the rankings differ by some fixed distance. Generally only a relatively small subset of the k top-ranked items will be in agreement. So the aim is to find the point k at which the probability of agreement in rankings changes from being greater than 0.5 to being less than 0.5. We use penalized splines and a Bayesian logit model, to give a nonparametric smooth to the sequence of agreements, as well as pointwise credible intervals for the probability of agreement. Our approach produces a point estimate and a credible interval for k. R code is provided. The method is applied to rankings of genes from breast cancer microarray experiments.
Prevention of protein aggregation by extracellular fungal sucrase of Termitomyces clypeatus
Authors: Chowdhury Sudeshna , Banik Samudra Prosad , Majumder Rajib , Ghorai Shakuntala , Pal Swagata , Basak Pijush , Khowala Suman 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Objective
Extracellular sucrase from Termitomyces clypeatus is known to impart stability and enhance activity of cellobiase, another secreted glycosidase of the fungus through co-aggregation with cellobiase. To explore whether sucrase can bind with some proteins like Insulin, BSA, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), carbonic anhydrase and whey proteins and prevent their dithiothreitol (DTT) induced/thermal aggregation and/or loss of activity measuring by spectrophotometry, gel filtration assay and activity assays.

Methods
MALDI-TOF and dynamic light scattering were used to assess the monomeric and aggregated molecular size of sucrase. Thermostatted spectrophotometric assays, gel filtration assays were used to study protein aggregation. Fluorescence of bound ANS was used to monitor temperature induced structural changes in sucrase together with determination of melting temperature.

Results
The mass of the monomeric unit of sucrase as 6649 Da. Enzyme inhibited DTT induced aggregation of insulin and suppressed the thermal aggregation of carbonic anhydrase, ADH and whey proteins, respectively by 83%, 68% and 70% at 70°C. Sucrase also protected about 84% activity of ADH.

Conclusion
An extracellular fungal sucrase with a low monomeric size can efficiently prevent protein aggregation. The studies can impart knowledge about potential therapeutic applications of this industrially important enzyme in protein misfolding disorders.
Planarity of substituted pyrrole and furan rings in (3R*, 1′S*, 3′R*)-3-(1′-tert-butylamino-1′H, 3′ H-benzo[c]furan-3′-yl)-2-tert-butyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[c]pyrrol-1-one
Authors: Dazie Joel Donkeng , Liška Alan , Ludvík Jiří , Fábry Jan , Dušek Michal , Eigner Václav 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The title structure, (3R*, 1′S*, 3′R*)-3-(1′-tert-butylamino-1′H,3′H-benzo[c]furan-3′-yl)-2-tert-butyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[c]pyrrol-1-one has been determined at 290 and 150 K by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structure comprises two symmetry independent molecules with very similar conformations which differ mostly by orientations of the tert-butyl groups, situated at the periphery of these molecules. The molecules are composed of two parts, the cores of which are isoindolinone and isobenzofuran rings being bound by C–C bonds. The planarities of the pyrrolone and furan rings are compared with the known structures retrieved from the Cambridge Crystal Structure Database. It transpires in the title molecules, the planarity of the carbonyl-substituted pyrrole rings is exceptionally distorted in contrast to the furan rings. This fact is just the opposite of the tendency inferred from the Cambridge Crystal Structure Database. The reason may be the influence of the voluminous tert-butyl group which is attached to the nitrogen of the pyrrole group, as well as short centroid–centroid distances between the carbonyl-substituted pyrrole and furan rings. Cohesion forces between the molecules and their parts are provided by weak interactions only: The packing suggests C–H···O, π–π-electron ring interactions, N–H···π-electron ring as well as C–H···π-electron ring interactions. The structure determination of the title compound, the product of the reaction of o-phthalaldehyde with tert-butylamine, has provided indication about the mechanism of a chemical reaction which resulted in the formation of the title molecule.
Lanthanide(III) complexes with μ-SnSe4 and μ-Sn2Se6 linkers: solvothermal syntheses and properties of new Ln(III) selenidostannates decorated with linear polyamine
Authors: Liu Shuzhen , Sun Peipei , Shen Yali , Han Jingyu , Sun Hui , Jia Dingxian 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
New lanthanide-selenidostannate complexes [{La(peha)(Cl)}{La(peha)(NO3)}(μ-1κ2:2κ2-SnSe4)] (1), [H2trien][{La(trien)2}2(μ-1κ:2κ-Sn2Se6)][Sn2Se6]·H2O (2) and [{Ln(tepa)(μ-OH)}2(μ-1κ:2κ-Sn2Se6)]
n
·nH2O (Ln=Sm(3), Eu(4)) were prepared by solvothermal methods in pentaethylenehexamine (peha), triethylenetetramine (trien) and tetraethylenepentamine (tepa), respectively. Acting as a tetradentate chelating and bridging ligand, μ-1κ2:2κ2-SnSe4, the tetrahedral SnSe4 unit joins {La(peha)(Cl)}2+ and {La(peha)(NO3)}2+ complex fragments to generate the neutral coordination compound 1. The tetradentate μ-1κ2:2κ2 bridge in 1 represents a new coordination mode for the SnSe4 tetrahedron. In 2, dinuclear [Sn2Se6]4− anions are formed of SnSe4 tetrahedra via edge-sharing. One [Sn2Se6]4− anion acts as a bidentate bridging ligand in a μ-1κ:2κ coordination mode to join two {La(trien)2}3+ units, and the other [Sn2Se6]4− anion exists as a free charge compensating ion. In 3 and 4, the [Sn2Se6]4− anion connects binuclear [{Ln(tepa)(μ-OH)}2]2+ (Ln=Sm, Eu) units with a bidentate μ-1κ:2κ mode, giving neutral coordination polymers [{Ln(tepa)(μ-OH)}2(μ-1κ:2κ-Sn2Se6)]
n
. The La(2)3+ ion in 1 is in a 10-fold coordination environment of LaN6O2Se2, whereas the La(1)3+ ions in 1 and 2 are in 9-fold coordinated environments forming polyhedra LaN6ClSe2 and LaN8Se, respectively. The Sm3+ and Eu3+ ions in 3 and 4 are both in an 8-fold coordination environment of LnN5O2Se. Compounds 1−4 exhibit optical band gaps between 2.21 and 2.42 eV. Their thermal stabilities were investigated by thermogravimetric analyses.
The AtMYB12 activation domain maps to a short C-terminal region of the transcription factor
Authors: Stracke Ralf , Turgut-Kara Neslihan , Weisshaar Bernd 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The Arabidopsis thaliana R2R3-MYB transcription factor MYB12 is a light-inducible, flavonol-specific activator of flavonoid biosynthesis. The transactivation activity of the AtMYB12 protein was analyzed using a C-terminal deletion series in a transient A. thaliana protoplast assay with the goal of mapping the activation domain (AD). Although the deletion of the last 46 C-terminal amino acids did not affect the activation capacity, the deletion of the last 98 amino acids almost totally abolished transactivation of two different target promoters. A domain swap experiment using the yeast GAL4 DNA-binding domain revealed that the region from positions 282 to 328 of AtMYB12 was sufficient for transactivation. In contrast to the R2R3-MYB ADs known thus far, that of AtMYB12 is not located at the rearmost C-terminal end of the protein. The AtMYB12 AD is conserved in other experimentally proven R2R3-MYB flavonol regulators from different species.
Einleitung: Produktion und Verkauf von Kleidung seit dem späten 19. Jahrhundert
Authors: Spoerer Mark 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Introduction: Production and Sales of Clothing since the End of the 19th Century

This paper traces the development of the clothing industry and the clothing retail trade in Germany, and the historiography thereof. In contrast to the textile industry, which experienced substantial technical progress in the course of the industrialization, these industries remained labour intensive. After World War II, the European clothing industry followed cheap labour. Production was relocated in the 1950s from the urban consumption centers to the countryside, in the 60s to the European periphery and in the 70s outside Europe. The German clothing retail trade underwent fundamental change as well, especially in the 30s when many of them were «aryanized». This issue contains five papers on the German and American clothing business.
Das leise Sterben einer Branche – Der Niedergang der westdeutschen Bekleidungsindustrie in den 1960er/70er Jahren
Authors: Schnaus Julia 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Unnoticed Disappearance – The Decline of the West-German Clothing Industry in the 1960s/70s

In the beginning of the 20th century the German clothing industry used to be a considerable producer of consumer goods, manufacturing clothes for both home and export market. In the 1960s and 70s this branch of the German industry began to decline, mainly due to the pay gap between the labor costs in Germany and low-wage-countries located in Eastern Europe and Asia. In response to this development bigger German companies outsourced their production abroad to save labor costs. Smaller companies often lacked the needed financial resources and had to face bankruptcy as result. At the end only services like planning and quality control remained in Germany. In consequence of this development a lot of German seamstresses lost their jobs. The government did not care about these problems; the enterprises did not receive subsidies. The unions in the sector were weak due to a high percentage of working women and the high ratio of small and medium sized regionally dispersed enterprises.
Die Rolle des Ghetto Litzmannstadt (Łódź) bei der Versorgung der Wehrmacht und der deutschen Privatwirtschaft mit Kleidung (1940 bis 1944)
Authors: Schnaus Julia , Smolorz Roman , Spoerer Mark 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

The Role of the Ghetto Litzmannstadt (Łódź) for the Clothing Provision of the German Armed Forces and Private Firms (1940 to 1944)

Shortly after the establishment of the Ghetto in Łódź, the German administration set up a textile and clothing department. As Łódź was the leading Polish textile center, many ghetto inhabitants had basic or advanced skills in the textile and clothing business. After several months it became clear for the Jews that working for the Germans was the only chance to making themselves valuable and to avoid or postpone being deported to extermination camps. The textile and clothing department soon became the largest sweatshop in the ghetto and was also an important provider of textiles, clothing and leather goods for the German economy. Previous research followed the claim of the department's head that the German military took over 90 per cent of its production. We show for the large textile and clothing department that the share of production for civilian purposes was much higher, around 50 per cent. Moreover, we analyze the business relationship between the ghetto administration and German firms.
Communication between Brain Areas Based on Nested Oscillations
Authors: Bonnefond Mathilde , Kastner Sabine , Jensen Ole 
Published: March 2017

AbstractUnraveling how brain regions communicate is crucial for understanding how the brain processes external and internal information. Neuronal oscillations within and across brain regions have been proposed to play a crucial role in this process. Two main hypotheses have been suggested for routing of information based on oscillations, namely communication through coherence and gating by inhibition. Here, we propose a framework unifying these two hypotheses that is based on recent empirical findings. We discuss a theory in which communication between two regions is established by phase synchronization of oscillations at lower frequencies (<25 Hz), which serve as temporal reference frame for information carried by high-frequency activity (>40 Hz). Our framework, consistent with numerous recent empirical findings, posits that cross-frequency interactions are essential for understanding how large-scale cognitive and perceptual networks operate.
Effort-Based Reinforcement Processing and Functional Connectivity Underlying Amotivation in Medicated Patients with Depression and Schizophrenia
Authors: Park Il Ho , Lee Boung Chul , Kim Jae-Jin , Kim Joong Il , Koo Min-Seung 
Published: March 2017

Amotivation is a common phenotype of major depressive disorder and schizophrenia, which are clinically distinct disorders. Effective treatment targets and strategies can be discovered by examining the dopaminergic reward network function underlying amotivation between these disorders. We conducted an fMRI study in healthy human participants and medicated patients with depression and schizophrenia using an effort-based reinforcement task. We examined regional activations related to reward type (positive and negative reinforcement), effort level, and their composite value, as well as resting-state functional connectivities within the meso–striatal–prefrontal pathway. We found that integrated reward and effort values of low effort-positive reinforcement and high effort-negative reinforcement were behaviorally anticipated and represented in the putamen and medial orbitofrontal cortex activities. Patients with schizophrenia and depression did not show anticipation-related and work-related reaction time reductions, respectively. Greater amotivation severity correlated with smaller work-related putamen activity changes according to reward type in schizophrenia and effort level in depression. Patients with schizophrenia showed feedback-related putamen hyperactivity of low effort compared with healthy controls and depressed patients. The strength of medial orbitofrontal-striatal functional connectivity predicted work-related reaction time reduction of high effort negative reinforcement in healthy controls and amotivation severity in both patients with schizophrenia and those with depression. Patients with depression showed deficient medial orbitofrontal-striatal functional connectivity compared with healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia. These results indicate that amotivation in depression and schizophrenia involves different pathophysiology in the prefrontal-striatal circuitry.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAmotivation is present in both depression and schizophrenia. However, treatment involves the use of drugs that enhance serotonin activity in depression and inhibit serotonin and dopamine activity in schizophrenia. Understanding how motivation processed in the mesocorticolimbic and nigostriatal pathways is affected in depression and schizophrenia is important in discovering treatment targets and strategies for amotivation. To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare patients with depression and schizophrenia in a common functional construct. By using an effort-based reinforcement task and examining resting-state functional connectivity in the dopaminergic network, we propose that difference in striato–orbitofrontal dysfunction in effort-based reinforcement between depression and schizophrenia may be related to differences in the extent of functional dysconnectivity in the dopaminergic pathway.
HDAC7 Ubiquitination by the E3 Ligase CBX4 Is Involved in Contextual Fear Conditioning Memory Formation
Authors: Jing Xu , Sui Wen-Hai , Wang Shuai , Xu Xu-Feng , Yuan Rong-rong , Chen Xiao-Rong , Ma Hui-Xian , Zhu Ying-Xiao , Sun Jin-Kai , Yi Fan , Chen Zhe-Yu , Wang Yue 
Published: March 2017

Histone acetylation, an epigenetic modification, plays an important role in long-term memory formation. Recently, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors were demonstrated to promote memory formation, which raises the intriguing possibility that they may be used to rescue memory deficits. However, additional research is necessary to clarify the roles of individual HDACs in memory. In this study, we demonstrated that HDAC7, within the dorsal hippocampus of C57BL6J mice, had a late and persistent decrease after contextual fear conditioning (CFC) training (4–24 h), which was involved in long-term CFC memory formation. We also showed that HDAC7 decreased via ubiquitin-dependent degradation. CBX4 was one of the HDAC7 E3 ligases involved in this process. Nur77, as one of the target genes of HDAC7, increased 6–24 h after CFC training and, accordingly, modulated the formation of CFC memory. Finally, HDAC7 was involved in the formation of other hippocampal-dependent memories, including the Morris water maze and object location test. The current findings facilitate an understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of HDAC7 in the regulation of hippocampal-dependent memory.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe current findings demonstrated the effects of histone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7) on hippocampal-dependent memories. Moreover, we determined the mechanism of decreased HDAC7 in contextual fear conditioning (CFC) through ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation. We also verified that CBX4 was one of the HDAC7 E3 ligases. Finally, we demonstrated that Nur77, as one of the important targets for HDAC7, was involved in CFC memory formation. All of these proteins, including HDAC7, CBX4, and Nur77, could be potential therapeutic targets for preventing memory deficits in aging and neurological diseases.
Molecular architecture of the N‐type ATPase rotor ring from Burkholderia pseudomallei
Authors: Schulz Sarah , Wilkes Martin , Mills Deryck J , Kühlbrandt Werner , Meier Thomas 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe genome of the highly infectious bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei harbors an atp operon that encodes an N‐type rotary ATPase, in addition to an operon for a regular F‐type rotary ATPase. The molecular architecture of N‐type ATPases is unknown and their biochemical properties and cellular functions are largely unexplored. We studied the B. pseudomallei N1No‐type ATPase and investigated the structure and ion specificity of its membrane‐embedded c‐ring rotor by single‐particle electron cryo‐microscopy. Of several amphiphilic compounds tested for solubilizing the complex, the choice of the low‐density, low‐CMC detergent LDAO was optimal in terms of map quality and resolution. The cryoEM map of the c‐ring at 6.1 Å resolution reveals a heptadecameric oligomer with a molecular mass of ~141 kDa. Biochemical measurements indicate that the c17 ring is H+ specific, demonstrating that the ATPase is proton‐coupled. The c17 ring stoichiometry results in a very high ion‐to‐ATP ratio of 5.7. We propose that this N‐ATPase is a highly efficient proton pump that helps these melioidosis‐causing bacteria to survive in the hostile, acidic environment of phagosomes.
Extrinsic Repair of Injured Dendrites as a Paradigm for Regeneration by Fusion inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Oren-Suissa Meital , Gattegno Tamar , Kravtsov Veronika , Podbilewicz Benjamin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNeurons in the CNS have limited regenerative ability. Genetic pathways have been identified for axonal regeneration, but few studies exist on dendrites...Injury triggers regeneration of axons and dendrites. Research has identified factors required for axonal regeneration outside the CNS, but little is known about regeneration triggered by dendrotomy. Here, we study neuronal plasticity triggered by dendrotomy and determine the fate of complex PVD arbors following laser surgery of dendrites. We find that severed primary dendrites grow toward each other and reconnect via branch fusion. Simultaneously, terminal branches lose self-avoidance and grow toward each other, meeting and fusing at the tips via an AFF-1-mediated process. Ectopic branch growth is identified as a step in the regeneration process required for bypassing the lesion site. Failure of reconnection to the severed dendrites results in degeneration of the distal end of the neuron. We discover pruning of excess branches via EFF-1 that acts to recover the original wild-type arborization pattern in a late stage of the process. In contrast, AFF-1 activity during dendritic auto-fusion is derived from the lateral seam cells and not autonomously from the PVD neuron. We propose a model in which AFF-1-vesicles derived from the epidermal seam cells fuse neuronal dendrites. Thus, EFF-1 and AFF-1 fusion proteins emerge as new players in neuronal arborization and maintenance of arbor connectivity following injury in Caenorhabditis elegans. Our results demonstrate that there is a genetically determined multi-step pathway to repair broken dendrites in which EFF-1 and AFF-1 act on different steps of the pathway. EFF-1 is essential for dendritic pruning after injury and extrinsic AFF-1 mediates dendrite fusion to bypass injuries.