bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A single-cell panorama of human umbilical cord blood-derived expanded memory-like natural killer cells
Authors: wang yi , Cai Bo , Lei Yangyang , Mo Dan , Li Xinyang , Chen Xinrui , Liu Ruyu , Zhang Tianyao , Liu ZhiQing , Wang Dongmei , Li Bingxia , Lei Yaqing , Liu Tieqiang , Huang Shan , Li Yufang , Yu Xiaoying , Huang Yajing , Sheng Linjun , Yu Changlin , Ning Xin , Feng Mingxing , Zhao Weiwei , Chen Jiaxin Chen , Ai Huisheng , Hu Kaixun , Guo Mei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81800150 to Bo Cai, No. 81670110 to Kaixun Hu, and No. 31500732 to Yi Wang), Translational Research Grant of NCRCH (No. 2020ZKZB02 to Mei Guo), the Foundation for Young Scientists of Chinese PLA General Hospital (No. QNF19043 to Bo Cai, No. QNF19041 to Yi Wang, No. QNC19034 to Kaixun Hu, and No. 22QNFC022 to Linjun Sheng). Natural killer (NK) cells have emerged as a promising cellular immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer patients. Recent research has focused on umbilical cord blood (UCB) as a source of NK cells, yielding encouraging results. However, the challenge lies in the acquisition for sufficient functional NK cells. We demonstrated that in vitro activation by a combination of cytokines, followed by prolonged expansion (14–20 days) with high doses of IL-2, can induce and expand memory-like NK cells from UCB. These memory-like NK cells displayed augmented proliferation and sustained cytotoxic efficacy.Via single-cell analysis, we detected considerable heterogeneity among UCB-derived NK cells. Notably, memory-like NK cells exhibited a markedly higher proportion displaying a proliferative phenotype. Additionally, we observed elevated levels of the transcription factor HOPX in memory-like NK cells compared to their non-memory-like counterparts. Moreover, we found distinct biological characteristics among memory-like NK cells correlating with varying levels of HOPX expression. In conclusion, we developed a cytokine-based culture system for obtaining functional memory-like NK cells from UCB which displayed specific characteristics.
Trends in Subtypes of and Risk Factors for Stroke in Tianjin, China, 2005-2020
Authors: Wu Hao , Zuo Meimei , Liu Shuai , Ji Yong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
A more detailed understanding of stroke is essential for the implementation of effective prevention strategies and mitigation of the disease burden. The aim of our study was to examine the temporal trends in age- and sex-specific risk factors for stroke subtypes in Tianjin.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed stroke data from 2005 to 2020. The trend in the proportion of people hospitalized and age- and sex-specific risk factors were evaluated using linear regression analysis.
Results
Overall, the proportion of AIS (acute ischemic stroke, AIS) showed an upward trend from 64% in 2005 to 80% in 2020, while ICH (intracerebral hemorrhage, ICH) and SAH (subaraclmoid hemorrhage, SAH) showed a downward trend from 26.7% and 15.05% in 2005 to 9.2% and 5.03% in 2020, respectively (p < 0.001). The average age of onset of AIS showed a downward trend from 63.45 years in 2005 to 62.99 years in 2020 (p < 0.001). The trend change was mainly attributed to male patients, the average age of whom decreased from 61.96 in 2005 to 61.49 years in 2020 (p = 0.02). Based on age correlation analysis, people with a cumulative incidence of AIS tended to be younger. Stroke combined with both hypertension and diabetes showed an upward trend for different stroke subtypes, especially AIS and ICH.
Conclusions
In 2005–2020, the average age of onset of stroke in Tianjin, China, was younger. There was a trend toward a younger age, a greater proportion of young people with incident cases and male sex and a trend toward increased common risk factors for stroke. This is of great public health importance because additional interventions for common risk factors are necessary to prevent stroke, particularly in certain populations.
Helicobacter pylori: Accelerating Transition from HGIN to EGC, but a 'Point of No Progress' in deep of Infiltration
Authors: Chen Sihai , Cheng Qing-He , Jiang Mei-Chun , Xie Jun , Hu Yi , Zhao Ru-Lin , Gong Xiao-Ling , Li Nian-Shuang , Xie Yong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background：Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a recognized carcinogen, is known to associate with early gastric cancer (EGC). However, research is lacking on whether this bacterium impacts the infiltration depth in EGC. This study seeks to elucidate the correlation between high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN), varying EGC infiltration depths, and H.pylori, providing further insights into the role of H.pylori in GC progression.
Methods:
Between January 2013 and December 2023, a total of 564 patients who underwent endoscopic examination at our gastroscopy center were included in this study. These comprised of 98 cases of HGIN and 466 EGC.
Results:
A total of 564 patients were studied. Univariate regression analysis indicated alcohol consumption history and H.pylori infection as potential risk factors for EGC, whereas age appeared to have a protective effect. Multivariate regression analysis affirmed H.pylori infection remained a significant risk factor for progression from HGIN to EGC (adjusted OR: 3.29 95%CI: 1.77-6.11, P <0.01). However, there was no association between H.pylori infection and invasion depth in EGC (adjusted OR: 1.13 95%CI: 0.70-1.82). Subgroup analysis disclosed no differences in H.pylori infection degree and stage. Additionally, H.pylori infection was no associated with complete resection of ESD in EGC, with depth of infiltration and patient age identified as potential influencing factors.
Conclusion: This study further highlights the role of H.pylori in the Correa model, particularly accelerating the transition from HGIN to EGC. However, H.pyloriinfection does not significantly influence tumor infiltration depth once EGC sets in, suggesting a potential 'point of no progress' within EGC progression.
Development and Validation of a Predictive Model for Sarcopenia Risk in Older Chinese Adults Based on Key Factors
Authors: Sun Qianwei , Shen Lei , Liu Huamin , Lou Zhangqun , Kong Qi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Sarcopenia, characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, poses a significant health risk to the aging population. This study aims to construct and validate a predictive model for sarcopenia in elderly Chinese individuals using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).
Methods
We observed participants aged 60 and above without a diagnosis of sarcopenia in 2011 and followed up in 2013 for the incidence of sarcopenia. After excluding participants with missing data, disabilities, cancer, and extreme values, a total of 2,197 individuals were included in the study. Sarcopenia was assessed based on the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria. The predictive factors analyzed included sociodemographic characteristics, health status, lifestyle habits, psychological status, pain-related information, and blood biochemical indicators. LASSO-logistic regression and XGBoost machine learning models were employed to identify key predictors and develop the predictive model.
Results
The study identified older age, lower BMI, female gender, memory-related diseases, arthritis or rheumatism, shorter night sleep duration, and lower education level as independent risk factors for sarcopenia. Both methods produced models with high predictive accuracy, though the XGBoost model had a slightly higher AUC than the logistic regression model (0.881 vs. 0.849). However, the difference in AUC between the two models was not statistically significant. The XGBoost model demonstrated higher sensitivity but lower specificity. Ultimately, the logistic regression model was considered the better choice for this study due to its interpretability and comparable performance.
Conclusion
This study identified key risk factors for sarcopenia using machine learning and traditional statistical methods, such as logistic regression, and developed robust predictive models. The findings provide valuable insights for early intervention and management of sarcopenia in the elderly Chinese population, highlighting the need for a multidisciplinary approach to improve health outcomes in this group.
Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant S-1-based chemoradiotherapy in resectable and borderline- resectable pancreatic cancer: A long-term follow-up study
Authors: Shimane Gaku , Kitago Minoru , Endo Yutaka , Aiura Koichi , Yagi Hiroshi , Abe Yuta , Hasegawa Yasushi , Hori Shutaro , Tanaka Masayuki , Nakano Yutaka , Fukada Junichi , Masugi Yohei , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background/Objectives:
This study aimed to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and long-term outcomes of S-1-based neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) in patients with resectable or borderline-resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
Methods
This retrospective study included patients with PDAC who underwent S-1-based NACRT at our institute between 2010 and 2017.
Results
Forty patients were included in the study, including 15 (37.5%) with resectable PDAC and 25 (62.5%) with borderline-resectable PDAC. The NACRT completion and resection rates were 85.0% (n = 34) and 67.5% (n = 27), respectively. Several grade 3 adverse events were observed, including leukopenia (25.0%), anorexia (17.5%), neutropenia (10.0%), thrombocytopenia (7.5%), febrile neutropenia (2.5%), elevated aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase (2.5%) levels, and hyponatremia (2.5%). The R0 resection rate was 70.4% (n = 19/27) in patients who underwent pancreatectomy. Grades 1, 2, and 3 according to the College of American Pathologists grading system were observed in 1 (3.7%), 12 (44.4%), and 14 (51.9%) patients, respectively. Over a median follow-up period of 32.9 months (interquartile range, 9.1–68.0), the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 81.4%, 45.5%, and 30.3%, respectively, in the intention-to-treat analysis. In the curative-intent surgery cohort (n = 27), the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 88.9%, 48.2%, and 37.0%, respectively.
Conclusions
S-1-based NACRT is safe and yields acceptable long-term outcomes for patients with resectable or borderline-resectable PDAC.
Hypoxic Brain Damage in Methadone Misuse: Insights from MRI Imaging and Comparative Study
Authors: Shamooshaki Ali , Faeghi Fariborz , Jomleh Hossein , Azizian Amin , Amanian Dayan , Kouhi Reza 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to investigate the potential presence of brain disorders, particularly hypoxia, via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients misusing methadone, with a comparison to regular opium users and a control group.
Methods: Conducted as a cross-sectional comparative study at Kamali Hospital in Karaj, Iran, the research included male participants comprising methadone users, opium users, and controls. Inclusion criteria were stringent, focusing on substance use duration and absence of brain structural disorders. MRI scans were performed using a 1.5T MRI scanner. Qualitative MRI assessments and chi-square tests analyzed associations between substance use and hypoxia, while logistic regression examined potential confounding variables.
Results: Significant hypoxia was observed in the methadone group (16.7%, 5/24; p = 0.00057), with no cases in the opium or control groups. Logistic regression analysis showed no significant predictors of hypoxia regarding dose, duration of use, or age. MRI findings in methadone users with hypoxia included varied ADC intensities, high signal intensities on T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences, and angiogenesis patterns on TOF sequences. The co-use of methadone and alcohol was noted in three of the five hypoxia cases.
Conclusion: Methadone misuse, particularly with alcohol, poses a significant risk of hypoxia, detectable via MRI. This study underscores the need for routine MRI monitoring, stricter regulation of non-prescribed methadone, and enhanced public health education to mitigate misuse risks. Future research should expand sample sizes and incorporate advanced imaging techniques to further elucidate methadone's neurological impact.
The Essential Role of N-Glycosylation in Integrin αV and uPAR Interaction in Glioblastoma
Authors: Ferreira Gretel Magalí , Cuello Hector Adrian , Nogueira Aylen Camila , Castillo Jeremias Omar , Rojo Selene , Gulino Cynthia Antonella , Segatori Valeria Inés , Gabri Mariano Rolando 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive brain tumor in adults, characterized by poor patient survival rates. The glycoproteins Integrin αV (IαV), and the Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) are key contributors to tumor malignancy in GBM, and although their interaction is well-described, the role of glycans in this process has been scarcely evaluated. Better understanding this interaction could enhance our knowledge of the disease and lead to potential new therapeutics.METHODS We investigated the interaction between IαV and uPAR in human GBM, A172 and LN229, and low-grade glioma, SW1088, cell lines. Expression of these proteins was confirmed via confocal microscopy and co-immunoprecipitation. The role of N-glycosylation was evaluated using the inhibitor Swainsonine (SW) and glycosidase PNGase F. Glycoproteomic analysis by mass spectrometry identified glycosylation sites and differential structures on IαV. The impact of sialic acids and specific glycan structures was assessed using Neuraminidase (NeuA) and lectin binding assays.RESULTS The expression of IαV and uPAR, as well as their interaction, was confirmed in GBM cells but not in low-grade glioma cells, even when uPAR was overexpressed. SW and PNGase treatments markedly reduced IαV/uPAR interaction, highlighting the importance of N-glycosylation. Mass spectrometry analysis showed six glycosylation sites on IαV in GBM cells, with complex and hybrid N-glycans, while only oligomannose N-glycans were detected in low-grade glioma cells. NeuA treatment also reduced IαV/uPAR interaction, underscoring the role of sialic acids. Lectin assays suggested β1–6 branched glycans at specific sites are crucial for this interaction. Inhibition of N-glycosylation and sialic acid removal both decreased AKT phosphorylation, indicating a significant role of these glycans in integrin/uPAR signaling.CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate for the first time the interaction between IαV and uPAR in GBM cells, highlighting the critical role of N-glycosylation, particularly β1–6 branched glycans and sialic acids.
Performance of Computer-Aided Detection and Quality of Bowel Preparation: A Comprehensive Analysis of Colonoscopy Outcomes
Authors: Norwood Dalton A. , Thakkar Shyam , Cartee Amanda , Sarkis Fayez , Torres-Herman Tatiana , Montalvan-Sanchez Eleazar E. , Russ Kirk , Ajayi-Fox Patricia , Hameed Anam , Mulki Ramzi , Sanchez-Luna Sergio , Morgan Douglas R. , Peter Shajan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool for detecting and characterising colorectal polyps during colonoscopy, offering potential enhancements in traditional colonoscopy procedures to improve outcomes in patients with inadequate bowel preparation.Aims This study aimed to assess the impact of an artificial intelligence (AI) tool on Computer-Aided Detection (CADe) assistance during colonoscopy in this population.Methods This case-control study utilized propensity score matching (PSM) for age, sex, race, and colonoscopy indication to analyze a database of patients who underwent colonoscopy at a single tertiary referral center between 2017 and 2023. Patients were excluded if the procedure was incomplete or aborted owing to poor preparation. The patients were categorized based on the use of AI during colonoscopy. Data on patient demographics and colonoscopy performance metrics were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to compare the groups.Results After PSM patients with adequately prepped colonoscopies (n = 1466), the likelihood of detecting hyperplastic polyps (OR = 2.0, 95%CI:1.7–2.5, p < 0.001), adenomas (OR = 1.47, 95%CI:1.19–1.81, p < 0.001), and sessile serrated polyps (OR = 1.90, 95%CI:1.20–3.03, p = 0.007) significantly increased with the inclusion of CADe. In inadequately prepped patients (n = 160), CADe exhibited a more pronounced impact on the polyp detection rate (OR = 4.34, 95%CI:1.6–6.16, p = 0.049) and adenomas (OR = 2.9, 95%CI:2.20–8.57, p < 0.001), with a marginal increase in withdrawal and procedure times.Conclusions This study highlights the significant improvement in detecting diminutive polyps (< 5 mm) and sessile polyps using CADe, though notably, this benefit was only seen in patients with adequate bowel preparation. In conclusion, the integration of AI in colonoscopy, driven by artificial intelligence, promises to significantly enhance lesion detection and diagnosis, revolutionize the procedure's effectiveness, and improve patient outcomes.
Exploring the accuracy of self-reported evacuation experiences following controlled experiments
Authors: Cuesta Arturo , Balboa Adriana , Hoppe Carlos , Ortiz Gemma , Alvear Daniel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Researchers often use survey methods to study how people behave during building fire evacuations. However, reports on the accuracy of this information are lacking. In this study, individuals (n = 185) recalled details shortly after participating in evacuation experiments. This information was compared to the observed evacuation performances. Our findings suggest that the accuracy of self-reports on evacuation experiences is influenced by the type of information being recalled and reported. Results showed a perfect agreement for the recalled actions (Cohen's kappa k = 0.97) a moderate agreement for evacuation paths (k = 0.51) and time judgements (k = 0.47), a fair agreement for cue perceptions (k = 0.23) and a slight agreement for self-perceived roles (k = 0.04). While the results are more suggestive than conclusive, this study offers valuable insights into the potential biases associated with self-reported accounts in evacuation research.
PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody-Conjugated PEGylated Nanoparticles forBrain Cancer Immuno-Chemotherapy via Activation of STING Pathway
Authors: Dewangan Hitesh Kumar , Alam Perwez 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Immunotherapy for cancer is regarded as an alternative to conventional chemotherapy. Novel approach to cancer treatment called STING-targeted activation is being studied in great detail. Thus, self-assembly PEGylated coated, ovalbumin (OVA), loaded PC7A polymer, conjugated with PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand-1) monoclonal antibody (mAb) [OVA-PEG-PC7-A-mAb] was prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation. Further, physicochemical characterization and release kinetic was performed. Further, PD-L1-mAb-conjugated NPs, investigated for cellular-uptake, cytotoxic-effects, and apoptosis in PD-L1-expressing human GC cell lines, and in vivo pharmacokinetic and bio-distribution study was performed. The investigation of structure and interaction activity of PD-L1-OVA-PEG-PC7-A-mAb NPs involved the utilization of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, which confirmed the presence of PD-L1-mAbs on the surface of NPs. Cellular-uptake examination demonstrated that NPs conjugated with antibodies exhibited expressively enhanced levels of cellular-uptake. NPs demonstrated by in-vitro cytotoxicity experiment on 6-glioma cell lines proof the targeting efficiency. Ova-PEG-PC7-A-mAb, NPs showed greatest STING pathway activation, confirmed by higher release of IFN-𝛽) and IL-6. In-vivo study biodistribution and pharmacokinetic confirm the specific targeting in brain region. Our findings, presented here, demonstrate that biological immune-therapeutic potential of OVA-PEG-PC7-A-mAb NPs by activation mechanism of the STING pathway using PD-L1 mAbs in brain cancer therapy.
Establishing the QResearch Pregnancy Register in the QResearch® database: methods and cohort description
Authors: Snelling Andrew JHL , Copland Emma , Mei Winnie , Mtika Wema M. , Ranger Tom , Coupland Carol , Consortium QResearch Pregnancy , Sheikh Aziz , Hippisley-Cox Julia , Hirst Jennifer A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Electronic health records can be used to facilitate research in pregnancy. This work describes the construction of a novel algorithm to create a unified pregnancy cohort in the QResearch database, during the initial phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, for England. National GP records in the QResearch® database were linked to patient-level data from Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) datasets. Females aged 15-50 years with a pregnancy recorded between December 2020 and September 2022 were included. Pregnancy (delivery/loss) episodes were identified and cohort demographics reported using a three-stage algorithm. 266,758 women with 279,027 pregnancies were identified. 232,673 pregnancies (83%) resulted in a delivery (99.6% live births and 0.4% stillbirths). 46,354 (17%) pregnancies resulted in a pregnancy loss. Pregnancy losses were highest amongst those of Caribbean (23.1%; n=781) ethnicity and lowest in those of Pakistani ethnicity (14.4%, n=1,579). The QResearch Pregnancy Register offers a useful and adaptable resource for future research on pregnancy exposures, outcomes, and events.
18F-Fluorodeoxysorbitol PET for Noninvasive Detection of Invasive Mold Infections in Patients
Authors: Jain Sanjay , Ruiz-Gonzalez Carlos , Meza Oscar Nino , Masias-Leon Yuderleys , Kronenberg Amy , Shambles Lynn , Chen Xueyi , Tucker Elizabeth , Lodge Martin , Carroll Laurence , Cooke Kenneth , Kates Olivia , Shoham Shmuel , Zhang Sean 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Invasive mold infections are a major cause of mortality in immunosuppressed and cancer patients. Diagnosis is challenging, requiring invasive procedures or reliance on fungal biomarkers with limited sensitivity and an inability to detect non-Aspergillus molds. Here, we perform whole-body 18F-fluorodeoxysorbitol (18F-FDS) positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) in nine prospectively enrolled patients with high-suspicion of invasive mold infections (eventually confirmed using culture or molecular assays) or other pathologies (NCT05611892). 18F-FDS PET/CT is safe and can rapidly detect and localize invasive pulmonary and cerebral infections due to Aspergillus, non-Aspergillus (galactomannan-negative), or azole-resistant (Aspergillus calidoustus) molds, and differentiate them from sterile inflammation or cancer. Moreover, 18F-FDS selectively and rapidly accumulates intracellularly in a wide range of clinically relevant molds, including azole-resistant molds, via a saturable process. Tissue histology from eight patients with invasive mold infections demonstrates that lesional biomass occupied by molds is ~50-fold higher than for bacterial infections. In animals, 18F-FDS PET/CT is able to detect and localize pulmonary and cerebral aspergillosis, as well as rhinosinusal infections due to Aspergillus, Rhizopus, and Mucor, confirming the clinical data. 18F-FDS PET represents a promising, noninvasive diagnostic tool for the detection and localization of invasive mold infections throughout the body.