bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acquired Factor XIII inhibitor associated with mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Nixon Christian P. , Prsic Elizabeth H. , Guertin Christine A. , Stevenson Ryan L. , Sweeney Joseph D. 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUNDAcquired Factor (F)XIII deficiency is a very rare bleeding diathesis with a potentially fatal outcome, previously described in the context of autoimmune disorders and leukemias. There is minimal information on autoantibody characterization and the role of antifibrinolytic therapy in patient management.CASE REPORTA 79‐year‐old woman with a 3‐month history of bruising and heavy menorrhagia presented with ongoing vaginal bleeding, symptomatic anemia, and a right thigh hematoma. Initial management included an axillary lymph node biopsy and coagulation evaluation. Pathologic examination of the biopsy specimen revealed mantle cell lymphoma. Clot solubility assay was consistent with a FXIII activity of less than 3%. An anti‐FXIII inhibitor was suspected, the epitope specificity of which was mapped by micropeptide array analysis to regions in the β‐sandwich and catalytic core domain of the FXIII‐A subunit. Management with cryoprecipitate, steroids, rituximab, and antifibrinolytic therapy resolved the bleeding diathesis and suppressed the inhibitor.CONCLUSIONThis is the first reported case of an acquired FXIII inhibitor associated with mantle cell lymphoma in which the epitope specificity of the pathologic autoantibody was accurately defined. Antifibrinolytic therapy played a prominent role in the prevention of bleeding complications in the window period between initiation of immunosuppression and disappearance of the pathologic anti‐FXIII autoantibody.
Chrysomya bezziana (Diptera: Calliphoridae) infestation: case report of three dogs in Malaysia treated with spinosad/milbemycin
Authors: Han Hock Siew , Sharma Reuben , Jeffery John , Noli Chiara 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundInfestation of wounds with the larvae of Callophorid flies is relatively common in countries where these parasites are found. The most common species associated with infections in Southeast Asia is Chrysomya bezziana (Ch. bezziana), the Old World screw worm. Treatment consists of either subcutaneous injection of ivermectin or oral administration of nitenpyram combined with aggressive tissue debridement under general anaesthesia.ObjectivesTo describe the treatment of cutaneous myiasis in three dogs caused by the larvae of Ch. bezziana in Malaysia and their treatment with spinosad plus milbemycin.ResultsIn all dogs, a single oral dose of spinosad plus milbemycin at the recommended dosage of 31–62 mg/kg and 0.5–1.0 mg/kg, respectively, was able to kill all larvae within 8 h. Most dead larvae fell off the host and those remaining on the host were dead and easily removed with simple saline flushing and gentle debridement. Neither general anaesthesia nor aggressive mechanical debridement were needed in any patient.Conclusions and clinical importanceOral spinosad plus milbemycin is a safe, licensed and effective treatment at the recommended dose for the rapid elimination of Ch. bezziana myiasis, with no need for sedation or anaesthesia.
Postvaccination wounds associated predominantly with Arcanobacterium phocae in mink (Neovison vison) at three mink farms
Authors: Molenaar Robert J. , Buter Rianne , Sroka Agnieszka 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundThe emerging skin disease fur animal epidemic necrotic pyoderma (FENP) has been attributed to infection with Arcanobacterium phocae (ABP). The exact pathogenesis and risk factors of FENP have yet to be elucidated.AnimalsThree mink from each of three different mink farms (A–C) with postvaccination skin wounds at the vaccination site and six mink from an unaffected mink farm (D) that had used the same vaccine batch and vaccination site (hind leg).Methods and resultsAll mink from farms A–C had severe necrotizing to necropurulent dermatitis where they were vaccinated intramuscularly in the hind leg. ABP was the sole bacterium cultured from six of nine wounds. Using 16S–23S rDNA intergenic spacer region and BOX‐PCR, the ABP isolates from these wounds were indistinguishable from isolates originating from several cases of FENP.Conclusions and clinical importanceThis is the first report of FENP‐like lesions at the site of vaccination, in the days following the procedure, associated with ABP. At farms with FENP vaccination, procedures should be considered carefully.
A Method of Generating Swept Volume From Motion Captured With Depth Sensors Using an Open Source Graphic System
Authors: Wan Jian , Wang Nanxin , Pakko Robert 
Published: December 2016

One of the common usages of a captured human body motion in automotive application is creating swept volumes of the body surfaces based on the trajectories of its motion. Recent development of depth sensors enables fast and natural motion capture without attaching markers on subjects’ bodies. Microsoft Kinect is one of widely used depth sensors. It can track a whole body motion and output a skeleton model.
A new method is developed to create the swept volumes from the motion captured by Kinect using an open source graphic system. The skeleton motion is recorded in a file format that is flexible to retain the skeleton’s structure and acceptable to various graphic systems. The motion is then bound with a surface manikin model in the graphic system, where the swept volumes are generated. This method is more flexible and portable than utilizing a commercial digital manikin, and potentially provides more accurate result.
Modelling and Experimental Comparison of Fluid Structure Coupling for Thin Sheet Metal Tanks Using Statistical Energy Analysis
Authors: Shende Ketan V. , Keltie Richard 
Published: December 2016

Acoustic response of flat surfaces in contact with a fluid volume is of some interest for the design of automotive fuel tanks, fluid containers and underwater applications [1]. As this response can be related to the surface vibration response in the linear domain, the effect of fluid structure coupling on the vibration response of the structure is studied in this paper. Advances in the computational abilities have increased the focus of analysis-led approaches in the design of thin sheet metal tanks. Conventional finite element (FE) based approaches are useful at low frequencies but are highly sensitive to geometrical details and local effects at higher frequencies. With changing input parameters, finite element approaches could prove to be computationally expensive during the initial design phase of such structures.
Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) is an energy based approach and was used to study the fluid structure coupling effect on the vibration characteristics of a simple rectangular parallelepiped thin sheet metal tank. A thin steel tank (thickness/min. characteristic dimension <0.01) was excited by a broad band uniform power spectral density white noise signal and the spatial and frequency averaged acceleration responses were compared. Some parameters like the damping loss factor and the excitation force were calculated from the experimental measurements and used as input for SEA simulations. Coupling loss factors were calculated from tests and the trend lines were found to be in agreement with the theoretical calculations. The SEA simulation model results were compared with the conventional FE based approach for reference. Variance studies were used to compute the envelope for the SEA simulation response for a 90% confidence interval. The SEA and the test results comparison was quantified by a correlation coefficient which indicated a moderately strong correlation (>0.5) between the SEA and experimental results.
Review of Brake-by-Wire System Used in Modern Passenger Car
Authors: Yu Liangyao , Liu Xiaohui , Xie Zejin , Chen Yi 
Published: December 2016

As an important component in brake systems, the Brake-by-Wire system has attracted great attention recently with the development of emerging energy vehicle and modern passenger cars. The main feature of the Brake-by-Wire system, in contrast to the conventional braking system, is the elimination of the dependence of the vacuum booster on engine vacuum through decoupling of the brake pedal and the brake actuator. The influences from road surface to the driver’s brake feeling can also be eliminated by employment of a brake pedal simulator. The Brake-by-Wire system can greatly improve the automotive safety performance of modern passenger cars, including response time, control capability and stability. As much as the system shows great promise, drawbacks should be addressed as well. For example, design theories on system structure, reliable control strategies, high energy consumption, the modeling of global Brake-by-Wire non-linear dynamic system, poor working conditions and high maintenance costs are major concerns.
This paper aims to provide a timely and comprehensive review on the state-of-the-art Brake-by-Wire system used in modern passenger cars. Variety of major components are compared in order to get a more reliable and lower energy consumption system, which includes actuators, pedal simulators and backup brake systems. Researches on control strategies as well as future research direction of Brake-by-Wire system are also discussed.
Abstracting Failure Case Database Information for Detecting Failure Mode
Authors: Iino Kenji , Nakao Masayuki 
Published: December 2016

Industrial accidents continue to happen despite rapid technological advancement and they are often caused by triggers similar to those of past accidents. If we turn our eyes to the world, especially to the emerging industrial players, we hear news about accidents caused by phenomena that have already caused similar accidents elsewhere.
Industries, as they emerge and grow over hundreds of years, learn their lessons throughout their histories and build rules, regulations, and common knowledge to avoid accidents. Each industry is probably well aware of accidents that took place in its own country, especially when the accident led to enforcement of a new law. Nevertheless, we hardly have any knowledge of accidents in foreign countries unless they were of huge sizes.
Japan had a national project of building a database of knowledge and lessons learned from past accidents. Failure Knowledge Database (FKDB) went on the Web in 2005. As of today it still attracts a large number of readers with its over 1,600 failure cases. Our research is targeted at making use of this FKDB by abstracting the knowledge, especially what triggered the accidents, and comparing the knowledge with functional and structural elements used in new designs.
Design Record Graph (DRG) is a graphical representation of the designer’s intension starting from the left with the product functional requirement which iteratively divides into sub-functions to reach a set of functional elements (FE). Each FE maps to a structural element (SE). Then the SEs iteratively combine to form assemblies and finally the product at the right end. A failure starts from one of the FE-SE pairs and propagates the DRG in both left and right directions to reach the two ends. The propagation leaves a trace of how the point of failure led to disabling the product.
For each failure case in FKDB, we identified the origin of failure, the FE-SE pair that started the accident. An FE is abstracted by a verb phrase and a set of noun phrases, and similarly an SE with some noun phrases. By limiting the phrases to use, similar concepts are described by the same abstracted phrases.
A new design has a number of FE-SE pairs and their propagations in the DRG to reach the two ends. The designer can then compare all propagations in the design, without the knowledge if any of them are dangerous, with those in FKDB that are known to have led to accidents.
We developed quantitative operators to evaluate the similarity between two traces. Our results offer a way of warning the designer about possible flaws in a new design similar with causes of past accidents that the designer has no idea about. Our method of preventing design failure can apply to other fields for novice planners in avoiding failure while still in the planning stage. We can further develop the use of knowledge into overseas countries by mapping the limited number of verb and noun phrases into foreign language.
Positioning Control of a Flexible Slewing Structure by Applying Sliding Mode Control
Authors: Janzen Frederic Conrad , Tusset Angelo Marcelo , Balthazar Jose Manoel 
Published: December 2016

This work presents the angular positioning control of a flexible beam like structure connected to the shaft of a DC (Direct Current) motor. The coupling between the flexible structure and the DC motor is considered as not ideal being that the structure model considers three vibration modes. A non-linearity known as death zone is included in the DC motor model. To control the angular position a Sliding mode controller is proposed and the influence of the control gains is analyzed numerically.
Numerical simulations will be presented to demonstrate the application of the sliding modes technic in order to control the positioning of the flexible link by controlling the DC motor armor current.
A Goal Oriented, Sequential Process Design of a Multi-Stage Hot Rod Rolling System
Authors: Nellippallil Anand Balu , Song Kevin N. , Goh Chung-Hyun , Zagade Pramod , Gautham B. P. , Allen Janet K. , Mistree Farrokh 
Published: December 2016

The steel manufacturing process is characterized by the requirement of expeditious development of high quality products at low cost through effective and judicious use of available resources. Identifying solutions that meet the conflicting commercially imperative goals of such process chains is hard using traditional search techniques. The complexity embedded in such a problem increases due to the presence of large number of design variables, constraints and bounds, conflicting goals and the complex sequential relationships of the different stages of manufacturing. A classic example of such a manufacturing problem is the design of a rolling system for manufacturing a steel rod. This is a sequential process in which information flows from first rolling stage/pass to last rolling pass and the decisions made at first pass influence the decisions that are made at the later passes.
In this paper, we present a method based on well-established empirical models and response surface models developed through simulation experiments (finite element based) along with the compromise Decision Support Problem (cDSP) construct to support integrated information flow across different stages of a multi-stage hot rod rolling system. The method is goal-oriented because the design decisions are first made based on the end requirements identified for the process at the last rolling pass and these decisions are then passed to rolling passes that precede following the sequential order in an inverse manner to design the entire rolling process chain. We illustrate the efficacy of the method by carrying out the design of a multi-stage rolling system. We formulate the cDSP for the second and fourth pass of a four pass rolling chain. The stages are designed by sequentially passing the design information obtained after exercising the cDSP for the last pass for different scenarios and identifying the best combination of design variables that satisfies the conflicting goals. The cDSP for second pass helps in integrated information flow from fourth to first pass and in meeting specified goals imposed by the fourth and third pass designed. The end goals identified for this problem for fourth pass are minimization of ovality (quality) of rod, maximization of throughput (productivity) and minimization of rolling load (performance and cost). The method can be instantiated for other multi-stage manufacturing processes such as the steel making process chain having several unit operations. In future, we plan to use the method for supporting decision workflow in steel making process by formulating cDSPs for the multiple unit operations involved and linking them as a decision network using coupled cDSPs.
A Framework for Building Behavioral Models of Technical and Economic Systems
Authors: Ritola Tuomas , Coatanéa Eric , Micaëlli Jean-Pierre , Mokhtarian Hossein 
Published: December 2016

Efforts towards a circular economy, increased possibilities of sensor technology and monitoring, and the developments in smart, connected products and systems have all contributed to the shift from selling products towards selling service-based offerings. Product-service systems are one example of service-based offerings, combining physical products or systems to service-based earnings logic.
Many traditional companies might benefit from exploring the possibilities of service-based offerings, but the tools for modeling, simulating and analyzing service-based offerings are somewhat lacking. There are numerous existing methods for modeling products on one hand, or business and economic models on the other, but fewer combining the two. This article presents a modeling framework for describing, analyzing and simulating offerings consisting of interdependent technical systems and business processes, based on a an extension of previous work on the Dimensional Analysis Conceptual Modeling (DACM) framework.
The goal of the framework is to allow modeling combinations of technical systems and business processes, resulting in flows of revenue between the stakeholders over a period of time. Further, the framework can be used to identify objectives of the stakeholders, and identify contradictions on a variable level, or conflicting objectives on a system level, and to propose solutions for solving the conflicts and contradictions based on general solution principles. In the article, the framework is applied on a case study of designing a reverse vending machine.
An Innovative Tool to Monitor and Represent Energy Value Stream of a Production System
Authors: Gregori Fabio , Luzi Andrea , Papetti Alessandra , Germani Michele , Camorani Fabio 
Published: December 2016

Nowadays, the energy factor is growing in importance because it really affects the production costs of factories. Not least, energy regulation and rules are stricter as time goes by. Tools for energy monitoring are needed.
The objective of this work is to propose a tool aimed to assess the energy value flowing in a production system, according to the Energy Value Stream Mapping method (EVSM). The final goal is to increase the sustainability of the processes through identification of energy wastes, aiming at eliminating them. The tool is a lean graphic instrument; it permits to represent explicitly the energy flows along the process with respect to the concept of value creation.
The tool permits to clearly identify and quantify different types of energy flows concerning different carriers, even in a complex production plant where multiple energy carriers act at the same time. Finally, it will be shown the testing of the tool in a household appliances production system.
Combining Strings and Fibers With Additive Manufacturing Designs
Authors: Kimmer C. J. , Harnett C. K. 
Published: December 2016

High tensile strength cables, low-resistance motor windings, and shape memory actuators are common examples of technical fibers used in robots and other electromechanical assemblies. Because properties like tensile strength, crystal structure, and polymer alignment depend strongly on processing history, these materials cannot be 3D printed with the same properties they have on the spool. Strings and fibers are inserted in mechanical parts at the end of the manufacturing process for these assemblies. When the fibers take complex paths, the installation is often done by hand. This activity can dominate the process time, increase its human labor and reduce its social sustainability [1].
This paper applies the non-traditional approach of machine embroidery to insert sheets of patterned fibers in layered additive manufacturing processes such as 3D printing and lamination. Fibers are aligned with features in laser-cut or printed parts without the manual labor of hand threading. We demonstrate that water-soluble stabilizer materials originally designed for textiles can hold hard mechanical parts in a machine embroidery hoop with enough strength and rigidity to withstand sewing through pre-existing holes in the part. Alignment to within 250 microns has been demonstrated with a sub-$300 consumer embroidery machine.
Case studies in this paper include a cable-driven mechanism, a soft-to-hard electronic connection, and an electromechanical sensor. Process-compatible and commercially available materials that can be embroidered include conductive threads, shrinking threads, water-soluble threads and high tensile strength fibers.
The biggest hurdle for a user interested in this automated fiber installation process is linking the existing design file with an embroidery machine file. There is a much larger user base for 2D and 3D computer-assisted design (CAD) software than for expensive and proprietary embroidery digitizing software. We take the route chosen by the laser cutter industry, where the user produces a CAD file in their preferred editor, and makes annotations that communicate where and how densely to stitch. Translation software scans the file for a particular line style and generates stitch coordinates along it. Development is done in Jupyter/iPython notebooks that allow end-users to inspect, understand, and modify the conversion code. The intent is for users of existing planar fabrication technology (whether laser, printed circuit board, or micro/nano) to apply this method to their own CAD files for a versatile and straightforward way to put advanced materials in their devices without adding manual labor. This general approach can solve a class of assembly problems relevant to underactuated tendon-driven robotics and other electromechanical systems, expanding the range of devices that can be put together using automation.
A Geometric Singular Characterization of the 6/6 Stewart Platform
Authors: Slavutin Michael , Sheffer Avshalom , Shai Offer 
Published: December 2016

The paper introduces the 3D Kennedy theorem and applies it for characterizing of the singular configuration of 6/6 Stewart Platform (SP). The main idea underlying the proposed singular characterization is as follows: we search for two lines, which cross four of the six leg lines of the robot. For these two lines we find two parallel lines that cross the remaining leg lines 5 and 6. Each pair of parallel lines defines a plane. Let m be the intersection line of these two planes. The proposed singular characterization is: the 6/6 SP is in a singular configuration if and only if the line m is perpendicular to the common normal of leg lines 5 and 6.
In addition, the method developed for the singular characterization is also used for the analysis of the mobility of SP. Finally, the proposed method is compared to other singularity analysis methods, such as of Hunt’s and Fichter’s singular configuration and the 3/6 Stewart Platform singularity.
The relation between the reported characterizations of the 6/6 SP and other reported works is highlighted. Moreover, it is shown that the known 3/6 singular characterization is a special case of the work reported in the paper.