bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between urinary mixture metal levels and olfactory function in coal miners
Authors: Li Yang , Jiao Yuxuan , Hu Rong , Hu Guilin , Shi Ge , Wang Kaidong , Qi Ai , Li Yujing , Li Yonghang , Shen Zhuoheng , Yang Jiafei , Ha Zhiyun , Yang Yaowen , Li Jiangping , Huang Min 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundExposure to occupational metallic mixtures has a potential impact on olfactory function. However, research evidence is limited on the potential impact of exposure to metallic mixtures and olfactory dysfunction. Furthermore, the coal dust generated contains multiple various metals during coal mining, and no study yet has focus on the olfactory dysfunction of coal miners.ObjectivesIn this study, we evaluate the association between urinary metallic mixtures and olfactory function in coal miners, while also exploring the potential applicability of plasma olfactory marker protein (OMP) as a biomarker for assessing olfaction.MethodsFrom July to October 2023, coal workers from seven different coal mining enterprises were recruited for the survey when they come for the employee health checkup. Ultimately, 376 participants were met the inclusion criteria and, respectively, determined with the concentrations of urine (16 metals) and plasma (OMP). Meanwhile, applying UPSIT to access their olfactory function. Binary logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) model were used to estimate the association of individual metals with olfactory function. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and Quantile g-computation (QG-C) regression were employed to assess the overall association between metal mixtures and olfactory function and identify the major contributing elements.ResultsIn a single-metal model, two metals in urine were found to be significantly associated with olfactory function. RCS analysis further revealed that the association between Iron (Fe) and olfactory function was linear, while Lead (Pb) exhibited a non-linear. The BKMR model demonstrated a significant positive association between metal mixture concentration and olfactory function. Combined QG-C regression analysis suggested that metals Cr, Fe, Se, Sb, and Pb could impact the performance of the olfactory test (UPSIT), with Pb being identified as the most influential contributor. The correlation between plasma OMP protein levels and urinary metal concentrations was weak.ConclusionMultiple metals are associated with olfactory function in the coal miners. A significant positive association was observed between metal mixture concentrations and olfactory function, with Pb being the most important contributor. In this study, plasma OMP has not been demonstrated to serve as a biomarker for olfactory function.
Geographic inequality in funding by National Institutes of Health negatively impacts almost one-half of the states in the United States
Authors: Caulder Elizabeth , Zhang Jiajia , Nagarkatti Mitzi , Nagarkatti Prakash 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the primary federal agency in the United States (US) that supports biomedical research, training, and clinical trials. NIH funding creates patents and jobs and thus helps the regional and national economy grow. Therefore, NIH funding would be expected to flow equitably to all 50 US states. However, there is a significant geographic disparity in the level of NIH funding received by various states. To that end, in 1993, authorized by Congress, NIH initiated a funding program called the Institutional Development Award (IDeA) to support states, called IDeA states, which received low levels of NIH funding. However, whether this approach has helped reduce the geographic disparity in NIH funding is unclear.MethodsIn the current study, we analyzed data on various NIH funding mechanisms awarded to 23 IDeA states vs. 27 non-IDeA states, as identified by NIH. We compared these data to the population size, federal taxes paid, and the number of PhDs and Post-doctoral Fellows(PDFs) trained in IDeA vs. non-IDeA states.ResultsThe non-IDeA states received 93.6% of the total NIH funding, whereas IDeA states received only 6.4%. On average, one Institutional Training Grant was received for every 24 PhDs trained in non-IDeA states, while IDeA states received one such grant for every 46 PhDs trained. The non-IDeA states comprised 84.3% of the US population, whereas IDeA states comprised 15.7%. Thus, on a per capita basis, non-IDeA states received $120 from NIH, whereas IDeA states received $45 per person. For every million dollars contributed by the non-IDeA states toward federal taxes, they received $7,903 in NIH funding, while the IDeA States received only $4,617. For FY 2022, the NIH funding created an economic activity of $90.6 Billion in non-IDeA states and only $6.3 billion in IDeA states. When total NIH funding to the states was analyzed for the years 1992, 2002, 2012, and 2022, IDeA states received 4.7% of the total NIH funding in 1992, which increased to 7.2% in 2002 but dropped to 6.8% in 2012 and 6.5% in 2022. This demonstrated that IDeA states’ share of NIH funding remained relatively unchanged for the past 20 years.DiscussionEliminating the geographic disparity in NIH funding is crucial for achieving equitable health outcomes across the US, and for the IDeA states to successfully train future generations of physicians and scientists, as well as grow the regional economy. Although the NIH IDeA programs have helped enhance the research capacity in IDeA states, the funding currently constitutes less than 1% of the total NIH budget. Thus, it is critical to increase NIH funding to IDeA states to improve health outcomes for all Americans.
Career women's mental wellbeing in the era of population decline: the effects of working environment and family environment on the mental wellbeing
Authors: Zhou Bowen , Wu Xuchen , Ge Ruixue , Zhuo Dongni 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionIn recent years, it has become increasingly evident that the population in many countries has been declining. China, which was previously the world's most populous nation and is often categorized as an emerging economy, officially entered an era of population decline in 2022. The advent of this era has make China's economic development more uncertain and aging of population more pronounced. To address the population decline, the Chinese government implemented the “Three-Child Policy” to encourage childbirth, aiming to reverse the negative population growth. However, this policy has not achieved the expected goals. Instead, it has increased the pressure on women to bear children, particularly for career women, where such pressure may conflict with their existing work and family environments, subsequently affecting their mental wellbeing.MethodsA survey was conducted to investigate the mental wellbeing status of career women in Changchun City, Jilin Province, Northeast China. It analyzes the impact of working and family environments on the mental wellbeing of these women.ResultsBased on the survey, this study draws five conclusions: A. The mental wellbeing status of career women varies across different ages, industries, and childbirth statuses. B. The perceived adverse impact of childbirth on the working environment may negatively affect the mental wellbeing of career women. C. The perceived adverse impact of childbirth on the family environment may negatively affect the mental wellbeing of career women. D. Career women are not satisfied with the effectiveness of current policies in protecting women's rights. E. Compared to working environments, there is a greater demand for career women in the family environments, particularly in reducing various family burdens.DiscussionThe pro-natalist policies introduced in response to negative population growth can worsen the mental wellbeing of career women, while the deterioration of their mental wellbeing could further accelerate population decline. Given the current challenges, this study suggests that effectively improving the mental wellbeing of career women requires building psychological resilience among childless career women, reducing the burden of family on career women, and continuously improving policies and regulations that protect the rights of career women.
Facilitators and barriers to mental health help-seeking in Indian immigrant youth in Gauteng, South Africa
Authors: Joji Timmy , Mapaling Curwyn 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionInternational literature has documented significant underutilisation of mental health services among Indian immigrants. This study aimed to identify facilitators and barriers to mental health help-seeking among Indian immigrant youth in South Africa by evaluating their personal and lived experiences.MethodsA qualitative study with a phenomenological design was conducted to understand the lived experiences of Indian immigrant youth regarding mental health help-seeking. Nine participants were recruited through purposive sampling from Gauteng. Data collection was performed through online interviews exploring participants’ lived experiences. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.ResultsFive facilitator subthemes were identified: encouragement to seek help for mental health difficulties, social media and mass media influence, university and school environments, availability and awareness of resources, and open conversations about mental health. Four barrier subthemes emerged: individual perspectives on mental health, lack of access to resources, parental factors discouraging help-seeking, and community factors discouraging help-seeking.DiscussionAn improved understanding of these barriers and facilitators may allow other Indian immigrant youth to better manage their help-seeking processes while increasing awareness about similar experiences within the community.
Evaluation of protective immune responses induced by DNA vaccines encoding Echinococcus granulosus EgM123 protein in Beagle dogs
Authors: Wang Ning , Xian Jinwen , Zhao Pengpeng , Zhao Wenqing , Pu Na , Jia Xinyue , Zhang Yanyan , Bo Xinwen , Wang Zhengrong 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionEchinococcus granulosus, known as cystic echinococcosis, is a prominent zoonotic parasitic disease of significant global concern. The definitive hosts serves as the primary reservoir for the transmission of echinococcosis, as well as a main factor in the prevention and control of the disease. Unfortunately, there is currently no commercially available vaccine for these hosts. Nevertheless, DNA vaccines show potential as a feasible strategy for the control and management of parasitic diseases.MethodsIn this study, the EgM123 antigen was selected for its well-documented immunogenic properties to develop a DNA vaccine aimed at combating E. granulosus infection in canines.ResultsThe results showed a marked increase in IgG levels in the group vaccinated with pVAX1-EgM123 DNA compared to the PBS group. Additionally, the cytokines IL-1, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-6 were significantly upregulated in the pVAX1-EgM123 DNA vaccine group. Furthermore, in comparison to the PBS control group, the EgM123 DNA vaccine group exhibited a notable 87.85% reduction in worm burden and a 65.00% inhibition in segment development.DiscussionThese findings indicate that the pVAX1-EgM123 DNA vaccine shows promising immunogenicity, successfully eliciting a targeted immune response in canines. Moreover, it significantly diminishes the worm burden and hinders the progression of tapeworms in the pVAX1-EgM123 DNA vaccine group. These findings suggest that the pVAX1-EgM123 DNA vaccine holds promise as a potential candidate vaccine for combating E. granulosus infection in dogs.
Modelos de gestión de conocimiento en negocios y economía. Análisis bibliométrico 2012 -2022
Authors: Galárraga-Tobar Sophia , Ajila-Rodas Patricio , Sarmiento-Torres Ingrid , Montecel-Shiguango Jorge 
Published: September 2024

En este artículo se propuso identificar las relaciones entre la gestión del conocimiento en el ámbito empresarial y económico de las producciones científicas a través del análisis bibliométrico obtenidas de todos los documentos indexados en la base de datos Scopus en el periodo 2012 al 2022, utilizando los programas VOS Viewer para la construcción de redes bilbiográficas y Jamovi para el análisis estadístico descriptivo Con el propósito de estructurar una conexión entre la gestión del conocimiento en el ámbito empresarial con la realidad de los diferentes contextos de estudio. Los resultados revelaron que los autores que mayor influencia tuvieron en la red de publicaciones fue García VH.M con investigaciones en gestión del conocimiento aplicadas en el sector financiero, luego por Sensuse D.I. que realizó la revisión teórica de la gestión del conocimiento en organizaciones privadas, seguido por Valencia-Arias, su enfoque de la gestión del conocimiento en la el contexto ni universitario y , Ahmad orientado a la integración de recursos digitales y evaluación del rendimiento bajo la gestión del conocimiento. Además, el 22% de las investigaciones se centraron en aspectos teóricos y académicos, mientras que el 21% abordaron la experiencia de empresas en diferentes sectores económicos, el 20% en el área de sistemas, el 5% en el campo de la medicina y medio ambiente, el 3% en el sector público y el 2% en el ámbito cultural. Se destacó la importancia del conocimiento que generan todos los individuos y el uso que se dé a esta información para optimizar procesos organizacionales. Se encontró que los estudios en gestión del conocimiento destacaron el valor de la cultura organizacional para establecer metas basadas en experiencias previas, convirtiéndolas en conocimiento formal en la organización. Esta investigación sugiere que las empresas, independientemente de su sector, estructuran el conocimiento organizacional; proporcionando un marco para la generación de conocimientos en otros campos.
Blurring Boundaries: Real and Hyperreal Elements in Daniel Kehlmann’s Measuring the World
Authors: Atheesh N , Mahesh M 
Published: September 2024

The academic paper centers on evaluating the real and hyperreal elements in the German novel Measuring the World(2005) written by Daniel Kehlmann. The novel is set in Germany in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, during the Enlightenment era, and bears a resemblance of the prominent figures of real time, namely the mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss and the geographer Alexander von Humboldtof the same centuries. The historical description of these prominent figures undergoes alteration, and the writer adds several dramatic events to it. This research paper attempts to analyse the theory of hyperreality by the French theorist Jean Baudrillard. The paper also highlights the concept of Simulation that Kehlmann employs in altering the reality with representations. In further, the paper aims to provide an understanding of the examination of narration, character development, and exaggerated events exploring the multiple-layered narrative.
Peculiarities of carbamide hydrolysis and oxidation in water-oxygen fluid
Authors: Шишкин А.В. , Алехин С.А. , Сокол М.Я. , Востриков А.А. , Федяева О.Н. 
Published: September 2024

Представлены результаты исследования превращения карбамида в водокислородном флюиде (при концентрации карбамида 0,29—0,39 моль/л, коэффициенте избытка кислорода OR = 0,98—1,25, мольной доле воды 70,0—91,3 %) в реакторе периодического действия при его нагреве со скоростью 1 К/мин до 873 К. Показано, что превращение карбамида протекает по механизму параллельных и последовательных реакций, включая его гидролиз, образование и разложение циануровой кислоты, окисление аммиака и продуктов разложения циануровой кислоты. Из анализа временных зависимостей температуры и давления следует, что окисление карбамида реализуется преимущественно гетерогенно на поверхности стенки реактора и Pt—Rh/Pt-термопары, введенной в центр реакционного объема. Установлено, что избыток кислорода (OR = 1,25) или добавление NaOH приводит к увеличению доли азота, перешедшего в N2, и препятствует образованию циануровой кислоты. Обсуждается влияние концентрации реагентов на соотношение маршрутов превращения карбамида и динамику тепловыделения.
The transformations of carbamide in a water-oxygen fluid (at a carbamide concentration of 0.29—0.39 mol/l, oxygen excess coefficient OR = 0.98—1.25, mole fraction of water 70.0—91.3 %) was studied in a reactor periodic type when heated to 873 K at a rate of 1 K/min. It has been shown that the transformations proceed via the mechanism of parallel and sequential reactions, including carbamide hydrolysis, formation and decomposition of cyanuric acid, oxidation of ammonia and products of cyanuric acid decomposition. From the analysis of the time dependences of temperature and pressure, it follows that the oxidation of carbamide occurs predominantly heterogeneously on the surfaces of the reactor wall and the Pt—Rh/Pt-thermocouple inserted into the center of the reaction volume. It has been established that excess oxygen (OR = 1.25) or the addition of NaOH leads to an increase in the fraction of nitrogen converted into N2 and prevents the formation of cyanuric acid. The influence of the concentration of reagents on the ratio of carbamide conversion pathways and the dynamics of heat release is discussed.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA MORTALIDADE POR NEOPLASIAS MALIGNAS DO ESTÔMAGO NO BRASIL DURANTE O PERÍODO DE 2019 A 2023
Authors: Santos José Vinicius dos , Araújo Mariana Ribeiro Lima Lins de , Toledo Mariana Costa Marinho , Junior Flávio Luiz da Costa , Cerqueira José César de Oliveira , Lima Adne Cavalcante Guerrera , Diniz Andressa Sakamoto Alves , Sá Laís Lobo Coimbra Brandão , Nunes Mayanny Carlla Barbosa , Monteiro Rebeca Antunes , Milones Maria Eduarda da Silva Valença , Duarte Kristiane Ferreira , Nascimento Jackson Manoel Diniz do , Cannecchia Lívia Alves Cavalcanti , Neto Flavio Miranda Maia , Cavalcanti Marçal Flores Barbosa Fortes 
Published: September 2024

Introdução: O câncer de estômago se destaca como o quinto mais frequente, com aproximadamente 21 mil diagnósticos. Na população masculina, essa neoplasia é a quarta mais comum, correspondendo a cerca de 5,9 % dos casos. A infecção pela bactéria Helicobacter Pylori é o principal fator de risco para o surgimento do câncer de estômago. O adenocarcinoma é o tipo histológico mais comum, representando até 95 % dos casos identificados. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil socioepidemiológico da mortalidade por neoplasias malignas do estômago no Brasil, durante o período de 2019 a 2023. Metodologia: Estudo observacional, transversal, descritivo, através do levantamento de dados epidemiológicos, obtidas no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), nas subseções do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM). Foram coletados os dados de distribuição de faixa etária, de sexo, de raça/cor e da região geográfica, através dos dados do DATASUS referentes ao CID10-C16. Resultados: No período de 2019 a 2023, foram registrados 72.293 mil óbitos por neoplasias malignas do estômago no Brasil. Os resultados evidenciaram uma maior prevalência de óbitos entre homens (63 %), indivíduos de cor branca (48,58 %), idosos entre 70 a 79 anos (26,40 %), e residentes na região Sudeste (43,93 %). Conclusão: Os dados evidenciam a relevância de implementar estratégias preventivas e políticas de saúde focadas na detecção precoce e no tratamento eficiente dessa neoplasia, com o objetivo de diminuir as desigualdades no acesso aos serviços de saúde e promover o bem estar da população brasileira.
Chemical and mineralogical constitution of redoximorphic features and mechanism of formation of Plinthosols from the Araguaia River plain, Brazil
Authors: Santos Djavan Pinheiro , Santos Glenio Guimarães , Oliveira Virlei Álvaro de , Silva Gustavo Cassiano da , Flores Rilner Alves , Azevedo Antônio Carlos , Souza Valdomiro Severino de , Pereira Marcos Gervasio 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Currently in Brazil, large grain cultivation projects on Plinthosols are a reality, however, there is little or no knowledge of the real mechanism of formation of the plinthite feature, in addition to what is reported in the literature as being a product of oxidation-reduction processes of iron element. This study evaluates iron redoximorphic features and investigates their chemical and mineralogical composition in two profiles of Plinthosols from the Araguaia River plain (P1 and P2). The study strengthens the understanding of the pedogenetic processes involved in the formation of mottles and plinthite. In this sense, it assesses whether the formation mechanisms corroborate the literature. Soil features were sampled in the upper right and left position at the initial plinthic horizon, upper right and left position at the main plinthic horizon, and lower right position at the base horizon of the plinthite zone in the profile. Separated samples comprising the soil matrix, mottles, and plinthite under natural moisture conditions were ground into powder form for chemical determinations by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), sulfuric acid attack (H
2
SO
4
), sodium dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB), and ammonium acid oxalate; and mineralogical determinations by X-ray diffraction. Iron contents in all determined forms were always higher in the plinthite feature, intermediate in the mottle feature, and lower in the soil matrix feature. Most of the Fe in all redoximorphic features is included in the structure of primary minerals and their derivatives (vermiculite, illite, and VHEs). Only part of the iron present (about 35.40 % in P1 and 41.98 % in P2) is detected in the form of oxides such as goethite and hematite, which could be formed in redox processes. The mottle and plinthite features under study are not the product of the classic process of segregation, mobilization, and accumulation of iron as a consequence of redox processes. These features were formed or emerged as a result of a relatively slow and constant weathering process of their source material, which is gradually decomposed in an aqueous medium, releasing most of its components. These components include iron and more mobile elements such as bases and silicon, which leave the system through drainage water, and of which a small part may eventually recombine to form new less complex minerals such as kaolinite and oxides.
Hubungan antara Status Gizi Ibu dengan Kejadian BBLR pada Kehamilan Aterm di RSUD Kabupaten Bekasi Tahun 2018
Authors: Tridiaywati Feva , Mariyani  
Published: September 2024

Angka kejadian BBLR di Indonesia adalah sekitar 11,1 persen pada tahun 2017. Tahun 2017 angka BBLR di Indonesia memang sedikit menurun, yaitu mencapai 10,2 persen, dengan prevalensi tertinggi ditempati oleh Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (19,2 persen) dan terendah di Propinsi Sumatra Barat (6 persen) (UNICEF, 2011; Riskesdas, 2013). Menurut data Laporan Program Kesehatan Anak Provinsi Jawa Barat Tahun 2010 – 2012, jumlah kematian neonatus yang dilaporkan di Jawa Barat mencapai angka 3.624 dan kematian bayi mencapai 4.650. Untuk Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi ibu dengan kejadian Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah pada kehamilan aterm di RSUD Kabupaten Bekasi Periode Januari-Maret tahun 2018. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik deskriptif, Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang bersalin di RSUD Kabupaten Bekasi Periode Januari-Maret 2018 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 53 orang. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil terbanyak pada status gizi ibu kurang yaitu sebanyak 37 orang (69,8%) dan didapatkan hasil terendah pada status gizi ibu normal yaitu sebanyak 16 orang (30,2%).