bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nos censures au miroir de l’ Index librorum prohibitorum
Authors: Amadieu Jean-Baptiste 
Published: November 2016

L’Index romain a exercé une censure constante des publications pendant quatre siècles, à travers toute la « République chrétienne », du 16e au 20e siècle. À la lumière de ce dispositif censorial, de son droit et de ses pratiques jurisprudentielles en matière de littérature, le présent article se propose d’interroger les réglementations contemporaines de l’expression publique. Quelques questions traversent l’histoire de la censure en dépit des différences culturelles : s’assume-t-on comme censeur ? Vise-t-on une intention d’auteur, un énoncé ou bien la réception de cet énoncé par le public ? La censure se limite-t-elle aux interdits juridiques ? Une oeuvre offensante est-elle pour autant dangereuse ? La valeur littéraire d’un texte désamorce-t-elle ou aggrave-t-elle le danger ? De quel type d’influence un livre est-il susceptible ? Peut-on et doit-on accorder des dérogations de censure aux lecteurs les moins influençables ?
De la rareté artificielle à l’offre pléthorique
Authors: Barbet Philippe , Maigron Patrick 
Published: November 2016

La mise à disposition, donc l’offre, des noms de domaine de premier niveau sur le réseau Internet est assurée, depuis 1998 et de manière monopolistique, par une organisation internationale de droit privé : l’ICANN. Celle-ci a longtemps pratiqué une politique très restrictive et n’a permis la création que d’un nombre très limité de ces extensions. Cette rareté artificielle a conduit, nous le montrons dans une première partie, à la domination d’une des extensions proposées : le « .com », ainsi qu’à la création d’une rente pour la firme qui gère cette extension : Verisign. À la suite de nombreuses critiques, l’ICANN a annoncé en 2008 sa décision de multiplier les possibilités de création de nouvelles extensions et ce mouvement de libéralisation a effectivement commencé à la fin de l’année 2013. Dans une seconde partie, nous examinons les arguments économiques échangés dans la période qui a précédé la décision prise par l’ICANN et notamment la possibilité réelle de réduire la position dominante du « .com » et de Verisign. Enfin, dans une troisième partie, nous détaillons les modalités de création de ce nouveau marché des noms de domaine et faisons un certain nombre d’hypothèses pour le futur.
Comment réduire les risques qui menacent la pérennité des entreprises familiales
Authors: Le Breton-Miller Isabelle , Miller Danny 
Published: November 2016

Vous connaissez la loi des trois générations ? La première génération créé l’entreprise, la deuxième la fait croître et la troisième la détruit. Puisque les entreprises familiales dépendent largement des talents et des ressources des différents membres de la famille et des générations suivantes, comment peuvent-elles assurer leur capacité à travailler ensemble et, dès lors, leur survie ?
Comment instaurer des processus de décision équitables ?
Authors: Blondel Christine 
Published: November 2016

Les entreprises familiales sont des endroits où l’équité est à la fois fortement nécessaire et difficile à évaluer. Est-il juste qu’un membre de la famille gère l’entreprise parce que, étant l’aîné, il a été prêt à assumer des responsabilités plus tôt ? Est-il préférable de donner des parts égales à tous ses enfants plutôt que d’en donner une majorité à celui qui dirige ? Certains processus peuvent faire en sorte que chaque membre de la famille se sente traité de manière équitable.
De l’idéologie institutionnelle à l’élaboration collective
Authors: Guiche Dorothée 
Published: November 2016

Dans les institutions sociales, la confrontation de deux courants théoriques différents peut soulever des conflits et des résistances massives, voire prendre des allures idéologiques. Comment s’assurer que des convictions théoriques opposées ne se transforment pas en un symptôme institutionnel ? À travers la présentation d’un cas clinique, seront mises en exergue la nécessité et la capacité de résistance du clinicien face aux attaques de son cadre théorique. C’est en veillant à la reconnaissance de la différence de l’Autre éducatif, qu’il sera garant de la souplesse idéologique de la pensée institutionnelle.
Iniciativa personal y emprendedora del alumnado de Primaria y 1º ciclo Secundaria: Aspectos personales, familiares y escolares
Authors: Romero Tena Rosalia , Espasandín Bustelo Francisco 
Published: November 2016

Purpose: Knowing which aspects; family, personal, center, classroom and type of education encourage personal initiatives and entrepreneurship. Describe the current state of affairs.Design/methodology: Develop and validate an assessment tool to know the personal initiative and entrepreneurship of students of Primary and Secondary 1st cycle. Quantitative questionnaire were distributed in Andalusian centers - using different types of items Likert and dichotomous- based on four dimensions; immediate environment; center; educational activities; teaching aids used; school climate and personal initiative.Findings: The student acquires his first experiences on what it means to be an enterprising person of the family and the immediate environment. The type of education of the center and the use of available resources and means provided mark the development of their attitude as entrepreneur. Relationships with their peers and people involved in their lives influences their level of initiative. The findings coming from the Personal Initiative dimensions (leadership, creativity, achievement and perception of control) indicate that student of this age; struggle to explain and defend their ideas; they like to learn things in different ways; but do not have much interest in proposing such ways.Research limitations/implications: Economic, temporal, spatial and the conceptual model.Practical implications: The findings provide guidelines to keep in mind when designing educational programs that work in both the "awareness" and the "preparation" to encourage individual attitudes and entrepreneurship.Social implications: Sensitize the educational community of the center about the importance of involving all members in promoting entrepreneurial culture.Originality/value: When there is an entrepreneurial culture in the center all actions are directed to develop these attitudes, so that its members provide answers with a more horizontal approach and vision of life.
« Promenade »
Authors: Jaspart Alice , Solini Laurent 
Published: October 2016

L’objectif de cet article est d’appréhender le fonctionnement d’un quartier pour mineurs depuis l’étude de sa cour. Sa situation au sein du centre pénitentiaire, parallèle à la cour de promenade des majeurs, sa configuration et les transformations dont elle est l’objet en font un lieu à la croisée des opportunités qui donne à voir les limites de l’« étanchéité » d’un quartier pour mineurs pourtant censé rester hermétique à la détention des adultes.
Il ritratto del bellus homo in Mart. 3, 63: realismo e retorica
Authors: Berardi Francesco 
Published: October 2016

Gli artifici della retorica sembrano lontani dal realismo della poesia di Marziale. Al contrario, un’attenta analisi degli epigrammi mostra come il meccanismo comico e la vivezza descrittiva che li caratterizzano siano debitori di molti procedimenti espressivi illustrati dai manuali tecnici. Infatti, lo studio del mordace ritratto di un dandy (il bellus homo di 3,63) rivela in filigrana la rielaborazione di un esercizio di scrittura diffuso nelle scuole. Ne scaturisce una nuova possibile chiave di lettura del brillante epigramma.
ELABORATION AND EVALUATION OF A COMPOSITE BONE SUBSTITUTE BASED ON β-TCP/DCPD AND PHBV, PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Authors: Trimeche Monia , Smaoui Hichem , Cheikh Ridha Ben , Smida Mahmoud , Rebaï Tarek , Keskes Hassib , Oudadess Hassane 
Published: November 2016

Objective: In the present study, we investigate the biological performance of a calcium phosphate ceramics (CPC) bone substitute combined with poly-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV). Materials and Methods: A particulate CPC [45% beta-tricalcium phosphate ([Formula: see text]-TCP) and 55% of dihydrated dicalcium phosphate (DCPD)] was incorporated into a biodegradable copolymer PHBV. Two series of the composite, 1 and 2, with CPC–PHBV weight ratios of (40%–60% and 60%–40%), respectively, were prepared using chloroform for dissolving the polymer and a pressure molding process for shaping the composite samples. After particle size analysis, the two composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). In a second step, a 10[Formula: see text]mm bony segmental defect created in the tibias of 20 New Zealand White Rabbits was filled randomly with either composite 1 for group 1 or composite 2 for group 2. There were 10 animals in each group. Clinical, radiological and histological assessments were then carried out to evaluate the biological properties of developed CPC–PHBV composites. Results: For both variants of the developed CPC–PHBV biocomposite, there was evidence of osseous consolidation within three months. An in vivo investigation revealed the biological properties of the biocomposite, namely, biocompatibility, bioactivity, biodegradability and osteoconductivity. The morphological characteristics, granule size and chemical composition, were indeed found to be favorable for osseous cell development. This study likewise showed lower mortality for the variant with weight ratio (40%CPC–60%PHBV). Conclusion: An in vivo investigation revealed that the new biomaterial composed of CPC and PHBV exhibits manifest osteoconductivity and bioactivity with better degradation kinetics than the CPC. Moreover, the variant with 40%CPC/60%PHBV appeared more resistant to infection than the 60%CPC/40%PHBV which is an indicator of biocompatibility.
The Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Syndrome, or When the Innate Immune System Goes Astray
Authors: Clària Joan , Arroyo Vicente , Moreau Richard 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) syndrome is characterized by acute decompensation of cirrhosis, organ failure, and high 28-d mortality. ACLF displays key features of systemic inflammation and its poor outcome is closely associated with exacerbated systemic inflammatory responses. In this review, we describe the prevailing characteristics of systemic inflammation in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and ACLF, with special emphasis on the principal features of the cytokine storm the mechanisms underlying this intense systemic inflammatory response (i.e., presence of circulating pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns), and their implication in tissue and organ damage in this condition.
Are Regulatory T Cells Defective in Type 1 Diabetes and Can We Fix Them?
Authors: Visperas Anabelle , Vignali Dario A. A. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical regulators of peripheral immune tolerance. Treg insufficiency can lead to autoimmune disorders, including type 1 diabetes (T1D). Increasing evidence in mouse models of T1D, as well as other autoimmune disorders, suggests that there are defects in Treg-mediated suppression. Indeed, whereas Treg frequency in the peripheral blood of T1D patients is unaltered, their suppressive abilities are diminished compared with Tregs in healthy controls. Although expression of the transcription factor Foxp3 is a prerequisite for Treg development and function, there are many additional factors that can alter their stability, survival, and function. Much has been learned in other model systems, such as tumors, about the mechanism and pathways that control Treg stability and function. This review poses the question of whether we can use these findings to develop new therapeutic approaches that might boost Treg stability, survival, and/or function in T1D and possibly other autoimmune disorders.
NOVEL DRUGS IN FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA
Authors: Rossi Giuseppe , Anastasia Antonella 
Published: October 2016

Follicular lymphoma(FL) is the most common indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma and constitutes 15% to 30% of lymphoma diagnoses. The natural history of the disease is characterized by recurrent relapses and progressively shorter remissions with a median survival of 10yrs. The impossibility of a chieving a definite cure, have prompted investigations into the possible role of more effective and less toxic strategies with innovative therapeutic agents. Recently Casulo et al demonstrated that approximately 20% of patients with FL actually relapse within 2 years after achieving remission with R-CHOP and have a poor prognosis. It is conceivable that this particularly chemoresistant population would benefit from specifically targeting the biologic and genetic factors that likely contribute to their poor prognosis.Evolving strategies for difficult to treat FL patients have recently considered immunomodulatory agents, new monoclonal antibodies as well as drugs targeting selective intracellular pathways. The importance of targeting the microenvironment together with the malignant FL cell has been particularly underscored. We review the most promising approaches, such as the combination of anti-CD20 antibodies with immunomodulatory drugs (Lenalidomide), with mAbs directed against other surface antigens such as CD22 and CD23 (epratuzumab, lumiliximab), with immunomodulatory antibodies such as PD-1, or with inhibitors of key steps in the B-cell receptor pathway signaling such as PI3K inibithors(idelalisib, duvelisib). Another highly attractive approach is the application of the bi-specific T-cell engaging (BiTE) antibody blinatumomab which targets both CD19 and CD3 antigens. Moreover, we highlight the potential of these therapies, taking into account their toxicity. Of course we must wait for Phase III trials results to confirm the benefit of these new treatment strategies toward a new era of chemotherapy-free treatment for follicular lymphoma.
Gene Expression Profile of Renal Cell Carcinomas after Neoadjuvant Treatment with Sunitinib: New Pathways Revealed
Authors: Dzik Carlos , Reis Sabrina T. , Viana Nayara I. , Brito Glauber , Paloppi Isis , Nahas Willian , Srougi Miguel , Leite Katia R.M. 
Published: November 2016

Background In renal cell carcinoma (RCC) of the clear cell type, inactivity of the VHL gene induces overexpression of HIF1 α and its targets, the tyrosine kinase receptors, promoting RCC development and progression. The discovery of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) changed the treatment of these tumors. Other molecular pathways involved in the TKI mechanisms of action have not been described in the literature. The aim of our study was to elucidate alternative mechanisms of action of sunitinib in tumor tissue after neoadjuvant treatment of RCC. Methods The gene expression profile was accessed using microarray (Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 platform) and frozen RCC tissues collected from 5 patients with locally advanced non-metastatic tumors who underwent nephrectomy after being treated with 2 cycles of neoadjuvant sunitinib. The results were compared with matched controls comprising 6 patients with no neoadjuvant intervention. Results There was underexpression of the majority of genes after sunitinib treatment. The lower expression levels of IGFBP1, CCL20, CXCL6 and FGB were confirmed by qRT-PCR in all cases. The downregulation of gene expression leads us to search for methylation as a mechanism of action of the TKI. IGFBP1 was shown to be methylated by methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting technique. Conclusions The ultimate genetic effects of sunitinib may explain its actions as an antitumor drug that apparently suppresses the expression of important genes related to cell survival, adhesion, invasion and immunomodulation. The methylation of gene promoters was shown to be part of the mechanism of action of this class of drugs.
Performance of physical examination versus ultrasonography to detect stenosis in haemodialysis arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Maldonado-Cárceles Ana B. , García-Medina José , Torres-Cantero Alberto M. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose The overall purpose of this study is to compare the accuracy of physical examination (PE) versus ultrasonography (US) in people with arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Methods This is a cross-sectional study with a total of 99 patients attended by the vascular radiology unit for AVF evaluation during January - March 2015. PE and ultrasonography were blinded performed by different radiologists. For complete and individual signs of PE, sensitivity, specificity, predictive positive (PPV) and negative (PNV) value, likelihood ratios (LR) and Cohen's κ value were measured. Results According to ultrasonography, the presence of stenosis was identified in 57 (58%) patients, and 61 (62%) by PE. The accuracy of PE for the diagnosis of AVF was sensitivity 82%, specificity 67%, PPV 77%, NPV 74%, LR 2.74 and 0.26. There was a moderate agreement beyond chance between PE and ultrasonography (κ = 0.5). Conclusions PE has shown a moderate accuracy to detect stenosis. With non-ultrasonography availability Haemodialysis Units can get benefit to optimize VA survival and professionals should improve its basic skills.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Cancer and Clinical Oncology, Vol. 5, No. 2
Authors: Grey Lexie 
Published: October 2016

<p><em>Sustainable Agriculture Research</em> wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.</p><p><em>Sustainable Agriculture Research</em> is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/reviewer and e-mail the completed application form to sar@ccsenet.org.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 4</strong></p><p>Aftab Alam, Vice President Agriculture (R&amp;D), Edenworks Inc. New York, United States</p><p>Amor Slama, Science Faculty of Bizerte, Tunisia</p><p>Bernard Palmer Kfuban Yerima, University of Dschang, Cameroon</p><p>Beye Amadou Amadou Moustapha, Rice Research Center, Cote d'Ivoire</p><p>Carlos Enrrik Pedrosa, Alis-Bom Despacho-MG, Brazil</p><p>Gema Parra, Universidad de Jaén, Spain</p><p>Inder Pal Singh Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University (GADVASU), India</p><p>Kleber Campos Miranda-Filho, UFMG, Brazil</p><p>Mrutyunjay Swain, Sardar Patel University, India</p><p>Murtazain Raza, Subsidiary of Habib Bank AG Zurich, Pakistan</p><p>S. Dharumarajan, Scientist, National Bureau of soil survey and land use planning, Bangalore, India</p>
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Sustainable Agriculture Research, Vol. 5, No. 4
Authors: Lee Joan 
Published: October 2016

<p><em>Sustainable Agriculture Research</em> wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.</p><p><em>Sustainable Agriculture Research</em> is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/reviewer and e-mail the completed application form to sar@ccsenet.org.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 4</strong></p><p>Aftab Alam, Vice President Agriculture (R&amp;D), Edenworks Inc. New York, United States</p><p>Amor Slama, Science Faculty of Bizerte, Tunisia</p><p>Bernard Palmer Kfuban Yerima, University of Dschang, Cameroon</p><p>Beye Amadou Amadou Moustapha, Rice Research Center, C?te d'Ivoire</p><p>Carlos Enrrik Pedrosa, Alis-Bom Despacho-MG, Brazil</p><p>Gema Parra, Universidad de Jaén, Spain</p><p>Inder Pal Singh Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University (GADVASU), India</p><p>Kleber Campos Miranda-Filho, UFMG, Brazil</p><p>Mrutyunjay Swain, Sardar Patel University, India</p><p>Murtazain Raza, Subsidiary of Habib Bank AG Zurich, Pakistan</p><p>S. Dharumarajan, Scientist, National Bureau of soil survey and land use planning, Bangalore, India</p>
Awareness concerning optimal pig production management and animal welfare among smallholder farmers in Tanzania
Authors: Braae UC , Penrith M-L , Ngowi HA , Lekule F , Johansen MV 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess smallholder farmer awareness in terms of good pig management and to identify serious management issues that should be readily changeable despite resources being limited in a rural setting. Methodology was a combination of questionnaire and observational surveys performed at pig-keeping households practising either confinement or a free-range system. Households were identified using the snowball method. A total of 120 pig-keeping households were included, of which 32 practised free-range systems and 88 confined their pigs. The observational survey included management practices and welfare assessment based on one pig from each of the 120 households. The results indicated that farmers were not aware of the basic requirements of pigs regardless of the production system practised. Water was often neglected and provided less frequently among those practising free-range. Pigs kept free-range also received treatment less frequently compared to those kept confined. Pigs were generally kept in poor conditions with risk of injury and without shelter from wind, rain, cold, heat, and sun. Welfare issues exist within both production systems, but issues within the confinement system could be easily eliminated with proper management. More knowledge on basic pig husbandry is required in the region and is essential for improving production. Educating farmers on the basic requirements for water and feed, alone, could vastly improve smallholder pig production. Education on pig management should therefore be a cornerstone in any research activity involving smallholder farmers in rural areas.
Ethnographier la marginalité
Authors: Namian Dahlia 
Published: November 2016

Cet article propose une voie possible pour saisir la marginalité en dehors d’une logique de catégorisation des populations. Après avoir discuté des liens entre la marginalité et la normativité contemporaine, l’auteure met de l’avant son concept ancré de « vie moindre », tiré des résultats d’une ethnographie multisituée dans un refuge pour personnes sans-abri et dans une maison d’hébergement et de soins en fin de vie pour personnes séropositives. Ce concept vise à tracer l’esquisse sociologique de la marginalité en tant que régime de contraintes qui réduit au moindre les possibilités d’agir de soi-même.
La prise en charge et discours entourant les personnes judiciarisées au sein d’un tribunal de santé mentale
Authors: MacDonald Sue-Ann , Dumais Michaud Audrey-Anne 
Published: November 2016

Cet article propose une réflexion sur la prise en charge des personnes judiciarisées et identifiées comme ayant des problèmes de santé mentale qui se retrouvent dans un tribunal de santé mentale. En s’inspirant des méthodes d’une ethnographie institutionnelle, cette recherche dévoile les pratiques et les discours des professionnel.le.s d’un tribunal de santé mentale. Dès lors, nous démontrons comment la prise en charge, les discours et les pratiques sont instaurés en trois axes : l’accompagnement dans un contexte juridique, les injonctions d’autonomie et de responsabilisation et la gestion du risque par des mesures dites thérapeutiques.