bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing Upconversion Nanocrystals Capable of 745 nm Sensitization and 803 nm Emission for Deep‐Tissue Imaging
Authors: Liang Liangliang , Xie Xiaoji , Loong Daniel Teh Boon , All Angelo Homayoun , Huang Ling , Liu Xiaogang 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA crystal design strategy is described that generates hexagonal‐phased NaYF4:Nd/Yb@NaYF4:Yb/Tm luminescent nanocrystals with the ability to emit light at 803 nm when illuminated at 745 nm. This is accomplished by taking advantage of the large absorption cross‐section of Nd3+ between 720 and 760 nm plus efficient spatial energy transfer and migration through Nd3+→Yb3+→Yb3+→Tm3+. Mechanistic investigations suggest that a cascaded two‐photon energy transfer upconversion process underlies the emission mechanism. This protocol enables deep‐tissue imaging to be achieved while mitigating the attenuation effect associated with the visible emission and the overheating constraint imposed by conventional 980 nm excitation.
Cost‐effectiveness of alternative colonoscopy surveillance strategies to mitigate metachronous colorectal cancer incidence
Authors: Erenay Fatih Safa , Alagoz Oguzhan , Banerjee Ritesh , Said Adnan , Cima Robert R. 
Published: June 2016

BACKGROUNDThe incidence of metachronous colorectal cancer (MCRC) among colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors varies significantly, and the optimal colonoscopy surveillance practice for mitigating MCRC incidence is unknown.METHODSA cost‐effectiveness analysis was used to compare the performances of the US Multi‐Society Task Force guideline and all clinically reasonable colonoscopy surveillance strategies for 50‐ to 79‐year‐old posttreatment CRC patients with a computer simulation model.RESULTSThe US guideline [(1,3,5)] recommends the first colonoscopy 1 year after treatment, whereas the second and third colonoscopies are to be repeated at 3‐ and 5‐year intervals. Some promising alternative cost‐effective strategies were identified. In comparison with the US guideline, under various scenarios for a 20‐year period, 1) reducing the surveillance interval of the guideline after the first colonoscopy by 1 year [(1,2,5)] would save up to 78 discounted life‐years (LYs) and prevent 23 MCRCs per 1000 patients (incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio [ICER] ≤ $23,270/LY), 2) reducing the intervals after the first and second negative colonoscopies by 1 year [(1,2,4)] would save/prevent up to 109 discounted LYs and 36 MCRCs (ICER ≤ $52,155/LY), and 3) reducing the surveillance intervals after the first and second negative colonoscopy by 1 and 2 years [(1,2,3)] would save/prevent up to 141 discounted LYs and 50 MCRCs (ICER ≤ $63,822/LY). These strategies would require up to 1100 additional colonoscopies per 1000 patients. Although the US guideline might not be cost‐effective in comparison with a less intensive oncology guideline [(3,3,5); the ICER could be as high as $140,000/LY], the promising strategies would be cost‐effective in comparison with such less intensive guidelines unless the cumulative MCRC incidence were very low.CONCLUSIONSThe US guideline might be improved by a slight increase in the surveillance intensity at the expense of moderately increased cost. More research is warranted to explore the benefits/harms of such practices. Cancer 2016;122:2560–70. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Preparation of Extracellular Matrices Produced by Cultured and Primary Fibroblasts
Authors: Franco‐Barraza Janusz , Beacham Dorothy A. , Amatangelo Michael D. , Cukierman Edna 
Published: June 2016

AbstractFibroblasts secrete and organize extracellular matrix (ECM), which provides structural support for their adhesion, migration, and tissue organization, besides regulating cellular functions such as growth and survival. Cell‐to‐matrix interactions are vital for vertebrate development. Disorders in these processes have been associated with fibrosis, developmental malformations, cancer, and other diseases. This unit describes a method for preparing a three‐dimensional matrix derived from fibroblastic cells; the matrix is three‐dimensional, cell and debris free, and attached to a two‐dimensional culture surface. Cell adhesion and spreading are normal on these matrices. This matrix can also be compressed into a two‐dimensional matrix and solubilized to study the matrix biochemically. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
An Overview of Mouse Models of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: From Past to Present
Authors: Jacobs Ans , Warda Anne‐Sophie , Verbeek Jef , Cassiman David , Spincemaille Pieter 
Published: June 2016

AbstractNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the Western world. It is associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes and represents a spectrum of histological abnormalities ranging from simple steatosis to non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can further progress to fibrosis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and liver failure. To gain insight into the pathogenesis and evaluate treatment options, mouse models of NAFLD/NASH are of utmost importance. There is a high phenotypical variety in the available mouse models, however, models that truly display the full spectrum of histopathological and metabolic features associated with human NASH are rare. In this review, we summarize the most important NAFLD/NASH mouse models that have been developed over the years and briefly highlight the pros and cons. Also, we illustrate the preclinical research in which these models have been used. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Graphene from Alginate Pyrolysis as a Metal‐Free Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Nitro Compounds
Authors: Trandafir Mihaela‐Mirela , Florea Mihaela , Neaţu Florentina , Primo Ana , Parvulescu Vasile I. , García Hermenegildo 
Published: June 2016

AbstractGraphene obtained by pyrolysis of alginate at 900 °C under inert atmosphere and exfoliation is used as a metal‐free catalyst for reduction of nitro to amino groups with hydrogen as a reagent. The process is general for aromatic and aliphatic, conjugated and isolated nitro groups, and occurs with low selectivity over hydrogenation of carbon–carbon double bonds.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Bismuth Vanadates for Solar Energy Materials
Authors: Stefik Morgan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe fabrication of porous nanocomposites is key to the advancement of energy conversion and storage devices that interface with electrolytes. Bismuth vanadate, BiVO4, is a promising oxide for solar water splitting where the controlled fabrication of BiVO4 layers within porous, conducting scaffolds has remained a challenge. Here, the atomic layer deposition of bismuth vanadates is reported from BiPh3, vanadium(V) oxytriisopropoxide, and water. The resulting films have tunable stoichiometry and may be crystallized to form the photoactive scheelite structure of BiVO4. A selective etching process was used with vanadium‐rich depositions to enable the synthesis of phase‐pure BiVO4 after spinodal decomposition. BiVO4 thin films were measured for photoelectrochemical performance under AM 1.5 illumination. The average photocurrents were 1.17 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode using a hole‐scavenging sulfite electrolyte. The capability to deposit conformal bismuth vanadates will enable a new generation of nanocomposite architectures for solar water splitting.
Heart failure epidemiology 2000–2013: insights from the German Federal Health Monitoring System
Authors: Christ Michael , Störk Stefan , Dörr Marcus , Heppner Hans J. , Müller Christian , Wachter Rolf , Riemer Uwe ,   for the Trend HF Germany Project
Published: June 2016

AbstractAimsConsiderable differences in the long‐term trends of heart failure (HF) exist between different countries. To extend the existing knowledge on HF epidemiology in Germany, we analysed trends of HF‐related hospitalizations, hospital days and in‐hospital deaths during a 14‐year period (2000–2013).Methods and resultsData were derived from the official German Federal Health Monitoring System, which includes an annual and complete enumeration of inpatients at the time of discharge from the hospital. HF cases were identified by the primary diagnosis code for HF (I50). From 2000 to 2013, the absolute number of HF‐related hospitalizations increased by 65.4% (239 694–396 380 cases) and by 28.4% after age‐standardization (261–335 per 100 000 population). Accordingly, the absolute number of HF‐related hospital days increased by 22.1% (3.4–4.2 million hospital days), despite a marked decrease by 25.9% in average length of stay (14.3–10.6 days). With approximately 35 000 in‐hospital deaths (∼45 per 100 000 population), the annual number of HF‐related in‐hospital deaths remained consistently high, and in‐hospital mortality rate in HF patients constituted 9.3% in 2013. Patients aged >65 years were disproportionately affected. In 2013, HF was the leading cause of disease‐related hospitalizations and in‐hospital deaths, representing 2.1% and 8.8% of all cases, respectively.ConclusionIn Germany, the burden of HF is growing further, and the risk of death in HF remains high. These trends can only be partly attributed to demographic developments suggesting an exigent need for increased awareness and enhanced efforts in the prevention and management of HF.
Electrochemiluminescence Arrays for Studies of Metabolite‐related Toxicity
Authors: Bano Kiran , Rusling James F. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis article reviews recent progress from our laboratory in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) arrays designed for screening toxicity‐related chemistry of chemical and drug candidates. Cytochrome P450s and metabolic bioconjugation enzymes convert lipophilic chemicals in our bodies by oxidation and bioconjugation that can lead to toxic metabolites. DNA can be used as an easily measurable toxicity‐related endpoint, targeting DNA oxidation and addcut formation with metabolites. ECL using guanosines in the DNA strands as co‐reactants have been used in high throughput arrays utilizing DNA‐enzyme films fabricated layer‐by‐layer. This review describes approaches developed to provide new high throughput ECL arrays to aid in toxicity assessment for drug and chemical product development.
Conservation culturomics
Authors: Ladle Richard J , Correia Ricardo A , Do Yuno , Joo Gea‐Jae , Malhado Ana CM , Proulx Raphaël , Roberge Jean‐Michel , Jepson Paul 
Published: June 2016

Culturomics is an emerging field of study that seeks to understand human culture through the quantitative analysis of changes in word frequencies in large bodies of digital texts. Culturomics research can help practitioners in nature conservation respond to cultural trends, building and reinvigorating its societal relevance. We identify five areas where culturomics can be used to advance the practice and science of conservation: (1) recognizing conservation‐oriented constituencies and demonstrating public interest in nature, (2) identifying conservation emblems, (3) providing new metrics and tools for near‐real‐time environmental monitoring and to support conservation decision making, (4) assessing the cultural impact of conservation interventions, and (5) framing conservation issues and promoting public understanding. More generally, culturomics opens up an exciting new area of research, equipping conservationists with novel tools to explore and shape human interactions with the natural world.
Corrosion Investigation of Chromium Nitride and Chromium Carbide Coatings for PEM Fuel Cell Bipolar Plates in Simulated Cathode Condition
Authors: Haghighat Ghahfarokhi H. , Saatchi A. , Monirvaghefi S. M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTransition metals nitrides and carbides are used as coatings on bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) due to their suitable electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance. Chromium electroplated AISI 316L stainless steel bipolar plates were treated by plasma nitriding and solid carburizing to form chromium nitride and chromium carbide, respectively. The presence of CrN/Cr2N and Cr7C3/Cr23C6 was verified by X‐ray diffractometry (XRD) in chromium nitride and chromium carbide coatings, respectively. The corrosion behavior of coatings was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization, potentiostatic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in simulated cathode condition. Coated samples showed better corrosion behavior than untreated bare sample. EIS results indicated decrease in corrosion current density after 500 hours, however coatings acted as barrier against solution access to substrate. Corrosion current densities of coatings were close to targets of United Stated department of energy (DOE).
Comparison between resting state fMRI networks and responsive cortical stimulations in glioma patients
Authors: Cochereau Jérôme , Deverdun Jérémy , Herbet Guillaume , Charroud Céline , Boyer Anthony , Moritz‐Gasser Sylvie , Le Bars Emmanuelle , Molino François , Bonafé Alain , Menjot de Champfleur Nicolas , Duffau Hugues 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectivesTo validate the functional relevance of resting state networks (RSNs) by means of a comparison of resting state connectivity (RSC) between language regions elicited by direct cortical stimulation versus RSC between random regions; and to evaluate the accuracy of resting state fMRI in surgical planning by assessing the overlap between RSNs and intraoperative functional mapping results.MethodsSensorimotor and language eloquent sites were identified by direct electrical cortical stimulation in 98 patients with a diffuse low‐grade glioma. A seed to voxel analysis with inter‐language stimulation point connectivity versus inter‐random ROIs connectivity was performed (19 patients). An independant component analysis (ICA) was also applied to rsfMRI data. Language and sensorimotor components were selected over 20 independent components and compared to the corresponding stimulation points and resected cortex masks (31 and 90 patients, respectively).ResultsMean connectivity value between language seeds was significantly higher than the one between random seeds (0.68 ± 0.39 and 0.12 ± 0.21 respectively, P < 10−10). 96 ± 11% of sensorimotor stimulation points were located within 10 mm from sensorimotor ICA maps versus 92 ± 21% for language. 3.1 and 15% of resected cortex overlapped sensorimotor and language networks, respectively. Mean sensorimotor stimulation points and resected cortex z‐scores were 2.0 ± 1.2 and −0.050 ± 0.60, respectively (P < 10−10). Mean language stimulation points and resected cortex z‐scores were 1.6 ± 1.9 and 0.68 ± 0.91, respectively, P < 0.005.ConclusionThe significantly higher RSC between language seeds than between random seeds validated the functional relevance of RSC. ICA partly succeeded to distinguish eloquent versus surgically removable areas and may be possibly used as a complementary tool to intraoperative mapping. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3721–3732, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Does Employee Relationship Quality Influence Employee Well‐Being? An Empirical Analysis Based on Manufacturing and Service Industries
Authors: Chen Hong , Wei Jia , Wang Ke , Peng Yi 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis study developed employee well‐being (EWB) and employee‐relationship scales (including six parts, employee‐superior, employee‐subordinate, employee‐organization, employee‐coworker, employee‐family, and employee‐friend) through considering the management situation in China and the integrity of the construct. According to an empirical analysis based on manufacturing and service industries (N = 571), this study explored the influence of employee relationship quality (ERQ) on EWB through Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. According to the results, in terms of relationships inside work, the dimensions of all ERQ types had positive correlations with EWB. The degree of stability of a relationship outside work, such as employee‐family and the employee‐friend, was found to have negative effects on EWB. Regardless of whether they are general employees or leadership employees, the employee‐superior relationship was the principal factor that influenced EWB. These results provide new insights into employee relationship management and EWB promotion.
Quantitative IR microscopy and spectromics open the way to 3D digital pathology
Authors: Bobroff Vladimir , Chen Hsiang‐Hsin , Delugin Maylis , Javerzat Sophie , Petibois Cyril 
Published: June 2016

Currently, only mass‐spectrometry (MS) microscopy brings a quantitative analysis of chemical contents of tissue samples in 3D. Here, the reconstruction of a 3D quantitative chemical images of a biological tissue by FTIR spectro‐microscopy is reported. An automated curve‐fitting method is developed to extract all intense absorption bands constituting IR spectra. This innovation benefits from three critical features: (1) the correction of raw IR spectra to make them quantitatively comparable; (2) the automated and iterative data treatment allowing to transfer the IR‐absorption spectrum into a IR‐band spectrum; (3) the reconstruction of an 3D IR‐band matrix (x, y, z for voxel position and a 4th dimension with all IR‐band parameters). Spectromics, which is a new method for exploiting spectral data for tissue metadata reconstruction, is proposed to further translate the related chemical information in 3D, as biochemical and anatomical tissue parameters. An example is given with oxidative stress distribution and the reconstruction of blood vessels in tissues. The requirements of IR microscopy instrumentation to propose 3D digital histology as a clinical routine technology is briefly discussed.
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Bifocal primary pancreatic Burkitt's lymphoma in a 4‐year‐old child
Authors: Shapira Gali , Fisher Yael , Ilivitzki Anat 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTPancreatic tumors are uncommon in children and rarely result in biliary obstruction. Primary pancreatic Burkitt's lymphoma is an exceptionally rare entity with only a few cases described in the literature. We present a case of a bifocal primary pancreatic Burkitt's lymphoma in a 4‐year‐old child presenting with jaundice. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:171–174, 2017
Characterization of Arginine Kinase in the Barnacle Amphibalanus Amphitrite and Its Role in the Larval Settlement
Authors: Zhang Gen , Yan Guo‐Yong , Yang Xiao‐Xue , Wong Yue‐Him , Sun Jin , Zhang Yu , He Li‐Sheng , Xu Ying , Qian Pei‐Yuan 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTEnergy metabolism is a key process in larval settlement of barnacles, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain ambiguous. Arginine kinase (AK) mainly participates in energy metabolism in invertebrates. So far, its roles in barnacles have not been studied. In the present study, we raised an antibody against AK from Amphibalanus amphitrite Darwin to characterize the roles of AK in the larval settlement process. Among the developmental stages, AK was highly expressed during the cypris stage. Along with the aging process in cyprids, the level of AK decreased. The immunostaining results showed that AK was localized to muscular tissues in cyprids, including antennules, antennular muscles, and thoracic limbs. The larval settlement rate decreased and larval movement was inhibited in response to treatments with high concentrations of AK inhibitors (rutin and quercetin). These results demonstrated that AK was involved in the larval settlement of A. amphitrite through mediating energy supply in muscle tissues. Moreover, further analysis indicated that both the p38 MAPK and NO/cGMP pathways positively mediated the expression of AK in cyprids.
Links between Evolution, Development, Human Anatomy, Pathology, and Medicine, with A Proposition of A Re‐defined Anatomical Position and Notes on Constraints and Morphological “Imperfections”
Authors: Diogo Rui , Molnar Julia 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTSurprisingly the oldest formal discipline in medicine (anatomy) has not yet felt the full impact of evolutionary developmental biology. In medical anatomy courses and textbooks, the human body is still too often described as though it is a “perfect machine.” In fact, the study of human anatomy predates evolutionary theory; therefore, many of its conventions continue to be outdated, making it difficult to study, understand, and treat the human body, and to compare it with that of other, nonbipedal animals, including other primates. Moreover, such an erroneous view of our anatomy as “perfect” can be used to fuel nonevolutionary ideologies such as intelligent design. In the section An Evolutionary and Developmental Approach to Human Anatomical Position of this paper, we propose the redefinition of the “human standard anatomical position” used in textbooks to be consistent with human evolutionary and developmental history. This redefined position also simplifies, for students and practitioners of the health professions, the study and learning of embryonic muscle groups (each group including muscles derived from the same/ontogenetically closely related primordium/primordia) and joint movements and highlights the topological correspondence between the upper and lower limbs. Section Evolutionary and Developmental Constraints, “Imperfections” and Sports Pathologies continues the theme by describing examples of apparently “illogical” characteristics of the human body that only make sense when one understands the developmental and evolutionary constraints that have accumulated over millions of years. We focus, in particular, on musculoskeletal functional problems and sports pathologies to emphasize the links with pathology and medicine. These examples demonstrate how incorporating evolutionary theory into anatomy education can be helpful for medical students, teachers, researchers, and physicians, as well as for anatomists, functional morphologists, and evolutionary and developmental biologists.
Candidate gene approach identifies six SNPs in tenascin‐C (TNC) associated with degenerative rotator cuff tears
Authors: Kluger Rainer , Burgstaller Joerg , Vogl Claus , Brem Gottfried , Skultety Michal , Mueller Simone 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTEvidence for a heritable predisposition to rotator cuff tears (RCTs) is growing. Unrelated Caucasian individuals with surgically diagnosed full thickness RCTs (cases) and elderly Caucasian controls with intact rotator cuffs were screened for differences at the candidate genes: TNC, Col5A1, TIMP‐1, MMP‐1, MMP‐2, MMP‐3, MMP‐9, and MMP‐13. A first cohort (59 cases; 32 controls) was genotyped with the Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX system. Of 142 SNPs within about 67–kbp of the TNC gene, 30 were tested for differences in proportions between cases and controls. A second, matched cohort (96 patients; 44 controls) was also genotyped for the same 30 SNPs, but with the KASP™ genotyping technology. Combining the two cohorts and after Bonferroni correction, six SNPs were significantly associated with RCT. Compared to controls, RCT patients showed a significantly higher rate of homozygosity at rs72758637, rs7021589, and rs1138545; a significantly higher rate of heterozygosity at rs10759753, rs3789870, and rs7035322 and a higher minor allele frequency at rs3789870. Rs1138545, a missense SNP in exon10 might be of biological significance because it varies the amino acid sequence close to the TNC‐FNIII5 domain. The FNIII5 domain binds multiple growth factors and co‐ligates with integrins during tendon healing. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:894–901, 2017.