bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RELAÇÃO ENTRE PAISAGEM E USO E COBERTURA DA TERRA, UMA ABORDAGEM PARA O ESTADO DE RORAIMA
Authors: Prado Gisele da Silva , Carvalho Thiago Morato de 
Published: September 2024

O Estado de Roraima, região de domínio amazônico, é composto por diferentes unidades das paisagens (UPs), incluso áreas campestres (lavrado; campinaranas), florestas (mata de terra firme, igapós e várzeas), matas ciliares (veredas) e antropizadas, as quais estruturam um mosaico único na Amazônia. Roraima representa próximo de 6% da Região Norte Brasil (2,6% do território nacional), sendo uma região de tríplice fronteira entre Brasil, Venezuela e Guiana. Neste ambiente, a paisagem é marcada por uma geodiversidade de UPs dominadas pelos sistemas agradacionais (90 mil/km², 40% do Estado) e denudacionais (130 mil/km², 60% do Estado), sendo este último de maior dinâmica e de UPs regional. Chama-se atenção das UPs úmidas, como os igapós e várzeas, as quais exercem papel fundamental na regulação hídrica. É notável o crescimento das UPs antropizadas, impactos socioambientais dessa expansão são notáveis, especialmente nos casos de supressão e modificação dos cursos d'água. Desta forma, buscou-se apresentar em contexto geral, a questão da paisagem e sua aproximação para Roraima e suas particularidades. A exemplo, como o uso e cobertura da terra proporciona a compreensão da configuração das paisagens e do seu sistema físico-ambiental, permitindo identificar as fragilidades, potencialidades e capacidade de adaptação por meio dos processos decorrentes da ocupação.
Palavras-chave: Amazônia. Geodiversidade. Paisagem. Cobertura da Terra.
PAISAGENS NATURAIS E CULTURAIS DO BAIXO CURSO DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO CEARÁ
Authors: Araujo Francisca Laryssa Feitosa , Silva Edson Vicente da 
Published: September 2024

A Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Ceará possui grande relevância ambiental, histórica e cultural na Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza e especialmente em seu curso inferior. Por estar situado entre os municípios de Caucaia e Fortaleza, território que passa por um acelerado processo de urbanização, as comunidades e os sistemas ambientais vêm sofrendo grandes impactos que modificam as estruturas das paisagens. Fundamentado nos preceitos da Geoecologia das Paisagens, o presente estudo tem por objetivo principal ampliar a visão sobre as potencialidades e limitações da região de baixo curso da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Ceará e sobre a necessidade de preservação e conservação dos sistemas e recursos naturais, evidenciando as práticas culturais e sociais das comunidades tradicionais ali presentes. Através desta pesquisa, foi possível caracterizar as paisagens que compõem o setor do baixo curso da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Ceará, identificando os principais impactos ambientais recorrentes, bem como a situação atual de riscos das comunidades tradicionais que pertencem à área em questão.
VACUOTERAPIA ENDOSCÓPICA COMO MANEJO DE FÍSTULA ESOFAGOTORÁCICA DEVIDO RETIRADA DE CORPO ESTRANHO – RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Goyanna de Moura Levi , Pereira Magalhães Paulo Renato , Pinto de Morais Neto Francisco , Castelo Branco Ramada Campos Patrick , Martins Neto Francisco , Feitosa Gomes Jose Walter , Da Cunha Parente Junior Jose Wilson 
Published: September 2024

Os defeitos da parede do trato gastrintestinal (TGI) podem ser classificados em três entidades principais: fístulas, vazamentos e perfurações. Portanto, os endoscopistas continuam a investigar novas técnicas para o tratamento desses defeitos e uma delas é a vacuoterapia endoscópica (VTE). Os mecanismos de ação da VTE incluem: macrodeformacao, fazendo pressão negativa e aproximando os bordos; microdeformacao, com liberação de fatores de crescimento e proliferação e migração celular, aumentando expressão de componentes da matriz extracelular, dentre ouros. Deve-se propor a VTE como um procedimento independente ou em combinação com intervenções cirúrgicas, endoscópicas ou radiológicas. Dessa forma, este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, de 35 anos idade, internado por impactação de corpo estranho esofágico que necessitou de toracotomia com esofagotomia para remoção do corpo estranho, no qual evoluiu com fístula esofagotorácica e foi beneficiado com o uso da VTE no tratamento.Palavras-chave: fístula; trato gastrointestinal; endoscopia.
Isolation of T Cells Using Rosetting Procedures
Authors: Kanof Marjorie E. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis unit describes a procedure for separating T cells from other mononuclear cells by exploiting the unique ability of cells to bind to and form rosettes with sheep red blood cells (SRBC). This isolation method also allows recovery of the nonrosetting cell population (B lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages). Neuraminidase‐ and 2‐aminoethylisothiouronium bromide (AET)‐treated SRBC are used for rosetting because of enhanced binding to T cells. It should be noted that use of the rosetting technique to obtain purified T cells or purified non‐T cells by negative selection has largely been superceded by other techniques such as panning and immunomagnetic beads. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A new source of the midlatitude ionospheric peak density structure revealed by a new Ionosphere‐Plasmasphere model
Authors: Maruyama Naomi , Sun Yang‐Yi , Richards Phillip G. , Middlecoff Jacques , Fang Tzu‐Wei , Fuller‐Rowell Timothy J. , Akmaev Rashid A. , Liu Jaun‐Yeng , Valladares Cesar E. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe newly developed Ionosphere‐Plasmasphere (IP) model has revealed neutral winds as a primary source of the “third‐peak” density structure in the daytime global ionosphere that has been observed by the low‐latitude ionospheric sensor network GPS total electron content measurements over South America. This third peak is located near −30° magnetic latitude and is clearly separate from the conventional twin equatorial ionization anomaly peaks. The IP model reproduces the global electron density structure as observed by the FORMOSAT‐3/COSMIC mission. The model reveals that the third peak is mainly created by the prevailing neutral meridional wind, which flows from the summer hemisphere to the winter hemisphere lifting the plasma along magnetic field lines to higher altitudes where recombination is slower. The same prevailing wind that increases the midlatitude density decreases the low‐latitude density in the summer hemisphere by counteracting the equatorial fountain flow. The longitudinal variation of the three‐peak structure is explained by the displacement between the geographic and geomagnetic equators.
Drivers of spring and summer variability in the coastal ocean offshore of Cape Cod, MA
Authors: Kirincich Anthony R. , Gawarkiewicz Glen G. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe drivers of spring and summer variability within the coastal ocean east of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, a critical link between the Gulf of Maine and Mid‐Atlantic Bight, are investigated using 2 years of shipboard and moored hydrographic and velocity observations from 2010 and 2011. The observations reveal sharp differences in the spring transition and along‐shelf circulation due to variable freshwater and meteorological forcing, along with along‐shelf pressure gradients. The role of the along‐shelf pressure gradient is inferred using in situ observations of turbulent momentum flux, or Reynolds stresses, estimated from the ADCP‐based velocities using recently developed methods and an inversion of the along‐shelf momentum balance. During spring, the locally relevant along‐shelf pressure gradient contains a sizable component that is not coupled to the along‐shelf winds and often opposes the regional sea level gradient. Together with the winds, local pressure gradients dominate along‐shelf transport variability during spring, while density‐driven geostrophic flows appear to match the contribution of the local winds during summer. These results suggest that local effects along the Outer Cape have the potential to cause significant changes in exchange between the basins.
Understanding and quantifying focused, indirect groundwater recharge from ephemeral streams using water table fluctuations
Authors: Cuthbert M. O. , Acworth R. I. , Andersen M. S. , Larsen J. R. , McCallum A. M. , Rau G. C. , Tellam J. H. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractUnderstanding and managing groundwater resources in drylands is a challenging task, but one that is globally important. The dominant process for dryland groundwater recharge is thought to be as focused, indirect recharge from ephemeral stream losses. However, there is a global paucity of data for understanding and quantifying this process and transferable techniques for quantifying groundwater recharge in such contexts are lacking. Here we develop a generalized conceptual model for understanding water table and groundwater head fluctuations due to recharge from episodic events within ephemeral streams. By accounting for the recession characteristics of a groundwater hydrograph, we present a simple but powerful new water table fluctuation approach to quantify focused, indirect recharge over both long term and event time scales. The technique is demonstrated using a new, and globally unparalleled, set of groundwater observations from an ephemeral stream catchment located in NSW, Australia. We find that, following episodic streamflow events down a predominantly dry channel system, groundwater head fluctuations are controlled by pressure redistribution operating at three time scales from vertical flow (days to weeks), transverse flow perpendicular to the stream (weeks to months), and longitudinal flow parallel to the stream (years to decades). In relative terms, indirect recharge decreases almost linearly away from the mountain front, both in discrete monitored events as well as in the long‐term average. In absolute terms, the estimated indirect recharge varies from 80 to 30 mm/a with the main uncertainty in these values stemming from uncertainty in the catchment‐scale hydraulic properties.
Modeling Individual Differences in Autobiographical Memory Distributions Using Mixed Logitnormal Regression
Authors: Zimprich Daniel , Wolf Tabea 
Published: February 2016

SummaryWe introduce a model for examining individual differences in the lifespan distribution of autobiographical memories (after the exclusion of recent memories). The model is based on the logitnormal distribution, contains two submodels, one for location (average age at which autobiographical memories were encoded) and one for scale (range of ages at which autobiographical memories were encoded), allows for the inclusion of predictor variables, and includes random effects. The model was used to analyze autobiographical memories reported by 90 older participants. Results show that there were reliable individual differences in location and scale. Moreover, age, proportion of positive memories, proportion of first‐time experiences, comprehensibility, and meaningfulness accounted for 26% of individual differences in location and 23% of individual differences in scale of autobiographical memory distributions. These findings indicate that individual differences are present in autobiographical memory distributions and can, in part, be accounted for by characteristics of the memories and of the person who generated them.Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stereoselektive Halogenierungen in der Naturstoffsynthese
Authors: Chung Won‐jin , Vanderwal Christopher D. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractNach letzter Zählung sind nahezu 5000 halogenierte Naturstoffe entdeckt worden. In etwa der Hälfte dieser Verbindungen ist das Kohlenstoffatom, an welches das Halogen gebunden ist, sp3‐hybridisiert; es gibt also eine enorme Zahl von Naturstoffen, für welche die stereokontrollierte Halogenierung ein entscheidender Bestandteil der Synthesestrategie sein muss. In diesem Aufsatz diskutieren wir Methoden und Strategien, die zur stereoselektiven Einführung von Halogenatomen im Zusammenhang mit Naturstoffsynthesen genutzt wurden. Außerdem identifizieren wir verbliebene Lücken in der Synthesetechnologie sowie existierende Methoden, die noch nicht in der Synthese komplexer Moleküle verwendet wurden. Die hier beschriebene Chemie demonstriert erneut, wie Naturstoffe als Inspirationsquelle für wichtige Fortschritte in der chemischen Synthese dienen.
Insights into 6‐Methylsalicylic Acid Bio‐assembly by Using Chemical Probes
Authors: Parascandolo James S. , Havemann Judith , Potter Helen K. , Huang Fanglu , Riva Elena , Connolly Jack , Wilkening Ina , Song Lijiang , Leadlay Peter F. , Tosin Manuela 
Published: February 2016

AbstractChemical probes capable of reacting with KS (ketosynthase)‐bound biosynthetic intermediates were utilized for the investigation of the model type I iterative polyketide synthase 6‐methylsalicylic acid synthase (6‐MSAS) in vivo and in vitro. From the fermentation of fungal and bacterial 6‐MSAS hosts in the presence of chain termination probes, a full range of biosynthetic intermediates was isolated and characterized for the first time. Meanwhile, in vitro studies of recombinant 6‐MSA synthases with both nonhydrolyzable and hydrolyzable substrate mimics have provided additional insights into substrate recognition, providing the basis for further exploration of the enzyme catalytic activities.
Synthesis of Nitrogen‐Containing Rubicene and Tetrabenzopentacene Derivatives
Authors: Park Young S. , Dibble David J. , Kim Juhwan , Lopez Robert C. , Vargas Eriberto , Gorodetsky Alon A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractCarbon‐based materials, such as acenes, fullerenes, and graphene nanoribbons, are viewed as the potential successors to silicon in the next generation of electronics. Although a number of methodologies provide access to these materials’ all‐carbon variants, relatively fewer strategies readily furnish their nitrogen‐doped analogues. Herein, we report the rational design, preparation, and characterization of nitrogen‐containing rubicenes and tetrabenzopentacenes, which can be viewed either as acene derivatives or as molecular fragments of fullerenes and graphene nanoribbons. The reported findings may prove valuable for the development of electron transporting organic semiconductors and for the eventual construction of larger carbonaceous systems.
Rotating Magnetocaloric Effect in an Anisotropic Molecular Dimer
Authors: Lorusso Giulia , Roubeau Olivier , Evangelisti Marco 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIn contrast to the mainstream research on molecular refrigerants that seeks magnetically isotropic molecules, we show that the magnetic anisotropy of dysprosium acetate tetrahydrate, [{Dy(OAc)3(H2O)2}2]⋅4 H2O (1), can be efficiently used for cooling below liquid‐helium temperature. This is attained by rotating aligned single‐crystal samples in a constant applied magnetic field. The envisioned advantages are fast cooling cycles and potentially compact refrigerators.
Faltung einer RNA‐Haarnadel in der dicht gedrängten Zelle
Authors: Gao Mimi , Gnutt David , Orban Axel , Appel Bettina , Righetti Francesco , Winter Roland , Narberhaus Franz , Müller Sabine , Ebbinghaus Simon 
Published: February 2016

AbstractEine korrekte und präzise Faltung der Sekundär‐ und Tertiärstruktur ist von entscheidender Bedeutung für die zelluläre Funktionalität von Ribonukleinsäuren (RNA). Faltungsstudien von RNA wurden allerdings überwiegend in vitro durchgeführt, ohne die Möglichkeit solche Experimente in vivo zu validieren. In dieser Arbeit konnten wir die Faltungsstabilität einer RNA‐Haarnadel direkt in lebenden Säugerzellen auflösen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Faltungsstabilität innerhalb der Zelle mit der in einer verdünnten physiologischen Pufferlösung vergleichbar ist. Die In‐vitro‐Verwendung von künstlichen Crowding‐Reagentien, mit der Ausnahme vom hochmolekularen PEG, führt hingegen zu einer Destabilisierung der Haarnadel, die aus Oberflächenwechselwirkung und Verminderung der Wasseraktivität resultiert. Ferner ist die Faltungsstabilität der RNA äußerst variabel, sowohl innerhalb einer Zellpopulation als auch auf der subzellulären Ebene des Zellkerns und des Zytoplasmas. Demzufolge unterliegt die RNA im Inneren der Zelle (lokalisierten) stabilisierenden und destabilisierenden Effekten, die im Mittel und im Vergleich zu der verdünnten Pufferlösung nur eine geringfügige Modulation der Faltungsstabilität verursachen.
Dithienophosphole‐Based Phosphinamides with Intriguing Self‐Assembly Behavior
Authors: Wang Zisu , Gelfand Benjamin S. , Baumgartner Thomas 
Published: February 2016

AbstractA new, highly adaptable type of phosphinamide‐based hydrogen bonding is representatively demonstrated in π‐conjugated phosphole materials. The rotational flexibility of these intermolecular P=O−H−N hydrogen bonds is demonstrated by X‐ray crystallography and variable‐concentration NMR spectroscopy. In addition to crystalline compounds, phosphinamide hydrogen bonding was successfully introduced into the self‐assembly of soft crystals, liquid crystals, and organogels, thus highlighting the high general value of this type of interaction for the formation of organic soft materials.
Epicochalasines A and B: Two Bioactive Merocytochalasans Bearing Caged Epicoccine Dimer Units from Aspergillus flavipes
Authors: Zhu Hucheng , Chen Chunmei , Tong Qingyi , Li Xiao‐Nian , Yang Jing , Xue Yongbo , Luo Zengwei , Wang Jianping , Yao Guangmin , Zhang Yonghui 
Published: February 2016

AbstractTwo bioactive merocytochalasans, epicochalasines A (1) and B (2), a new class of cytochalasans bearing unexpected scaffolds consisting of fused aspochalasin and epicoccine dimer moieties, were isolated from the liquid culture broth of Aspergillus flavipes. Both 1 and 2 possess a hendecacyclic 5/6/11/5/6/5/6/5/6/6/5 ring system containing an adamantyl cage and as many as 19 stereogenic centers; however, the fusion patterns of 1 and 2 differ greatly, thus resulting in different carbon skeletons. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by X‐ray diffraction and calculated ECD, respectively. The biogenetic pathways of 1 and 2 are proposed to involve Diels–Alder and nucleophilic addition reactions. Both 1 and 2 induced significant G2/M‐phase cell‐cycle arrest. Furthermore, we found that merocytochalasans induce apoptosis in leukemia cells through the activation of caspase‐3 and the degradation of PARP.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Difluoroalkylation of α,β‐Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Li Gang , Wang Tao , Fei Fan , Su Yi‐Ming , Li Yan , Lan Quan , Wang Xi‐Sheng 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe first example of nickel‐catalyzed decarboxylative fluoroalkylation of α,β‐unsaturated carboxylic acids has been developed with commonly available fluoroalkyl halides. This novel transformation has demonstrated broad substrate scope, excellent functional‐group tolerance, mild reaction conditions, and excellent stereoselectivity. Mechanistic investigations indicate that a fluoroalkyl radical is involved in the catalytic cycle.
A P−H Functionalized Al/P Frustrated Lewis Pair: Substrate Activation and Selective Hydrogen Transfer
Authors: Keweloh Lukas , Klöcker Hans , Würthwein Ernst‐Ulrich , Uhl Werner 
Published: February 2016

AbstractHydroalumination of an alkynylphosphine gave an unprecedented P−H functionalized frustrated Lewis pair (FLP). The reactive P−H group does not influence the typical FLP properties, but the activation of substrates follows a new reaction pattern involving hydrogen transfer to yield unusual compounds with phosphaurea, iminophosphine, or phosphanyltriazene structural motifs.
Cellular Synthesis of Protein Catenanes
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Wei , Zhang Wen‐Bin 
Published: February 2016

AbstractDirect cellular production of topologically complex proteins is of great interest both in supramolecular chemistry and protein engineering. We describe the first cellular synthesis of protein catenanes through the use of the p53 dimerization domain to guide the intertwining of two protein chains and SpyTag–SpyCatcher chemistry for efficient cyclization. The catenane topology was unambiguously proven by SDS‐PAGE, SEC, and partial digestion experiments and was shown to confer enhanced stability toward trypsin digestion relative to monomeric control mutants. The assembly–reaction synergy enabled by protein folding and genetically encoded protein chemistry offers a convenient yet powerful approach for creating mechanically interlocked, complex protein topologies in vivo.
Using feedback from summer subtropical highs to evaluate climate models
Authors: Sánchez de Cos Carmen , Sánchez‐Laulhé Jose M. , Jiménez‐Alonso Carlos , Rodríguez‐Camino Ernesto 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis letter aims to broaden the spectrum of methods for model evaluation by providing new physically based metrics that focus on accurate couplings between subsystems of the climate system. A simplified version of the feedback scheme that describes the dynamics of subtropical high‐pressure systems is applied to evaluate how well CMIP5 climate models can simulate atmosphere–ocean–land interactions and resulting feedbacks in the Azores high‐pressure system during summer, which affects climate throughout the Atlantic near southern Europe and North Africa.