bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the meanings of living with advanced breast cancer between women resilient to distress and women with persistent distress: a qualitative study
Authors: Lam W. W. T. , Yoon S. W. , Sze W. K. , Ng A. W. Y. , Soong I. , Kwong A. , Suen D. , Tsang J. , Yeo W. , Wong K. Y. , Fielding R. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundMost women with advanced breast cancer (ABC) show little distress, but about one in ten show persistent distress over time. It remains unclear if meanings ascribed by patients to ABC differentiate these distress trajectories.Study aimsThis qualitative study (a) compared illness meanings of ABC between women with persistent psychological distress and those with low/transient distress, and (b) examined how illness meanings might influence coping strategies.MethodsThe sample was drawn from a prior quantitative study exploring psychological distress trajectories following ABC diagnosis. Overall, 42 Cantonese‐ or Mandarin‐speaking Chinese women diagnosed with locally advanced or metastatic ABC were recruited based on their distress trajectory status (low‐stable, transient, or persistent distress). Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed following grounded theory approach using simultaneous analysis.ResultsWomen with persistent distress viewed their diagnosis as another blow in life, the illness was global, permeating every aspect of their life. Maladaptive rumination and thought suppression were common responses to illness demands. These women had poor social support. A sense of demoralization stood out in their narratives. In contrast, women with transient/low‐stable distress encapsulated the illness, with minimum impacts of their life. They did not evidence dysfunctional repetitive thoughts. Living in a supportive environment, they were able to accept and/or live in the present‐moment.ConclusionsRumination, thought suppression, social constraints, and pre‐existing exposure to life stress may be potential risks for chronic distress in response to advanced breast cancer. Persistent and transient distress responses to cancer may have different underpinnings. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of the extracellular acidification of Escherichia coli K12 with a multi‐chamber‐based LAPS system
Authors: Dantism Shahriar , Takenaga Shoko , Wagner Patrick , Wagner Torsten , Schöning Michael J. 
Published: April 2016

On‐line monitoring of the metabolic activity of microorganisms involved in intermediate stages of biogas production plays an important role to avoid undesirable “down times” during the biogas production. In order to control this process, an on‐chip differential measuring system based on the light‐addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) principle combined with a 3D‐printed multi‐chamber structure has been realized. As a test microorganism, Escherichia coli K12 (E. coli K12) were used for cell‐based measurements. Multi‐chamber structures were developed to determine the metabolic activity of E. coli K12 in suspension for a different number of cells, responding to the addition of a constant or variable amount of glucose concentrations, enabling differential and simultaneous measurements.Multi‐chamber differential measurement setup based on the LAPS principle; RE, reference electrode.
Necessary exponential stability conditions for linear periodic time‐delay systems
Authors: Gomez Marco A. , Ochoa Gilberto , Mondié Sabine 
Published: April 2016

SummaryExponential stability necessary conditions for linear periodic time‐delay systems are presented. They are obtained with the help of new properties of the Lyapunov matrix in the framework of Lyapunov–Krasvoskii functionals of complete type. An academic example illustrates our results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Changes in surface characteristics of two different resin composites after 1 year water storage: An SEM and AFM study
Authors: Tekçe Neslihan , Pala Kansad , Demirci Mustafa , Tuncer Safa 
Published: April 2016

SummaryTo evaluate changes in surface characteristics of two different resin composites after 1 year of water storage using a profilometer, Vickers hardness, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). A total of 46 composite disk specimens (10 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick) were fabricated using Clearfil Majesty Esthetic and Clearfil Majesty Posterior (Kuraray Medical Co, Tokyo, Japan). Ten specimens from each composite were used for surface roughness and microhardness tests (n = 10). For each composite, scanning electron microscope (SEM, n = 2) and atomic force microscope (AFM, n = 1) images were obtained after 24 h and 1 year of water storage. The data were analyzed using two‐way analysis of variance and a post‐hoc Bonferroni test. Microhardness values of Clearfil Majesty Esthetic decreased significantly (78.15–63.74, p = 0.015) and surface roughness values did not change after 1 year of water storage (0.36–0.39, p = 0.464). Clearfil Majesty Posterior microhardness values were quite stable (138.74–137.25, p = 0.784), and surface roughness values increased significantly (0.39–0.48, p = 0.028) over 1 year. One year of water storage caused microhardness values for Clearfil Majesty Esthetic to decrease and the surface roughness of Clearfil Majesty Posterior increased. AFM and SEM images demonstrated surface detoration of the materials after 1 year and ensured similar results with the quantitative test methods. SCANNING 38:694–700, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Binap and Phosphoramidites as Privileged Chiral Ligands for the Metal‐Catalyzed Enantioselective 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides
Authors: Nájera Carmen , Sansano José M. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract2,2′‐Bis(diphenylphosphino)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl (binap) and phosphoramidites are privileged chiral ligands that have been tested in the coinage‐metal‐catalyzed 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions of metalloazomethine ylides and electrophilic alkenes. Silver(I), copper(II), and gold(I) salts have been evaluated in all of these reactions. Maleimides, acrylates, fumarates, 1,2‐bis(phenylsulfonyl)ethylene, and enones reacted with imino esters to give the corresponding endo‐prolinates, such as hepatitis C (HCV) inhibitors, in high diastereo‐ and enantioselectivity using either binap–silver and –gold(I) or phosphoramidite–silver complexes. In the case of nitroalkenes, exo‐4‐nitroprolinates were obtained using silver or copper(II) phosphoramidite complexes. Azlactones reacted with maleimides and acrylates to give pyrrolines only in the presence of binap–gold(I) complexes. The observed enantioselectivity and mechanism of these 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions were studied for the most relevant examples by means of DFT calculations.
White matter hyperintensities are more highly associated with preclinical Alzheimer's disease than imaging and cognitive markers of neurodegeneration
Authors: Kandel Benjamin M. , Avants Brian B. , Gee James C. , McMillan Corey T. , Erus Guray , Doshi Jimit , Davatzikos Christos , Wolk David A. ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: April 2016

AbstractIntroductionCognitive tests and nonamyloid imaging biomarkers do not consistently identify preclinical AD. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume, a cerebrovascular disease marker, is more associated with preclinical AD than conventional AD biomarkers and cognitive tests.MethodsElderly controls enrolled in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI, n = 158) underwent florbetapir‐PET scans, psychometric testing, neuroimaging with MRI and PET, and APOE genetic testing. Elderly controls the Parkinson's progression markers initiative (PPMI, n = 58) had WMH volume, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ1–42, and APOE status measured.ResultsIn the ADNI cohort, only WMH volume and APOE ε4 status were associated with cerebral Aβ (standardized β = 0.44 and 1.25, P = .03 and .002). The association between WMH volume and APOE ε4 status with cerebral Aβ (standardized β = 1.12 and 0.26, P = .048 and .045) was confirmed in the PPMI cohort.DiscussionWMH volume is more highly associated with preclinical AD than other AD biomarkers.
The potential effect of age on the natural behavior of bladder cancer: Does urothelial cell carcinoma progress differently in various age groups?
Authors: Gunlusoy Bulent , Ceylan Yasin , Degirmenci Tansu , Aydogdu Ozgu , Bozkurt Ibrahim Halil , Yonguc Tarik , Sen Volkan , Kozacioglu Zafer 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate the potential effect of age on the natural behavior of bladder cancer and to compare these findings between different age groups. The clinical and pathologic data of 239 patients treated at our institution between 1994 and 2014 were analyzed. The patients were classified into three groups according to age: ≤ 40 years (Group 1), 41–59 years (Group 2), and ≥ 60 years (Group 3). The following data were collected: characteristics of the patients, initial pathological findings after transurethral resection, tumor stage and grade, tumor size and multiplicity, and disease recurrence and progression. The mean age of the patients at initial diagnosis was 34.2 ± 5.5 years, 53 ± 5.1 years, and 71.1 ± 7 years in Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. There were 207 (86.6%) patients with nonmuscle‐invasive urothelial bladder cancer and 32 (13.4%) patients with muscle‐invasive disease. Tumor recurrence was significantly lower in Group 1 than in Group 2 (p = 0.001) and Group 3 (p = 0.001). Although the time to tumor recurrence was significantly different between the three groups (p = 0.001), no significant difference was noted in the time to progression (p = 0.349). Patients with urothelial cancer younger than 40 years tend to have single and small tumors. The tumor recurrence rate is lower in the younger age group, but tumor progression is similar in older and younger patients. Therefore, the findings indicate that clinicians should be careful when assessing the invasiveness of urothelial tumors in younger patients and start treatment as soon as possible.
CHiCP: a web-based tool for the integrative and interactive visualization of promoter capture Hi-C datasets
Authors: Schofield E. C. , Carver T. , Achuthan P. , Freire-Pritchett P. , Spivakov M. , Todd J. A. , Burren O. S. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Summary: Promoter capture Hi-C (PCHi-C) allows the genome-wide interrogation of physical interactions between distal DNA regulatory elements and gene promoters in multiple tissue contexts. Visual integration of the resultant chromosome interaction maps with other sources of genomic annotations can provide insight into underlying regulatory mechanisms. We have developed Capture HiC Plotter (CHiCP), a web-based tool that allows interactive exploration of PCHi-C interaction maps and integration with both public and user-defined genomic datasets.
Availability and Implementation: CHiCP is freely accessible from www.chicp.org and supports most major HTML5 compliant web browsers. Full source code and installation instructions are available from http://github.com/D-I-L/django-chicp.
Contact: ob219@cam.ac.uk
iDHS-EL: identifying DNase I hypersensitive sites by fusing three different modes of pseudo nucleotide composition into an ensemble learning framework
Authors: Liu Bin , Long Ren , Chou Kuo-Chen 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Motivation: Regulatory DNA elements are associated with DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHSs). Accordingly, identification of DHSs will provide useful insights for in-depth investigation into the function of noncoding genomic regions.
Results: In this study, using the strategy of ensemble learning framework, we proposed a new predictor called iDHS-EL for identifying the location of DHS in human genome. It was formed by fusing three individual Random Forest (RF) classifiers into an ensemble predictor. The three RF operators were respectively based on the three special modes of the general pseudo nucleotide composition (PseKNC): (i) kmer, (ii) reverse complement kmer and (iii) pseudo dinucleotide composition. It has been demonstrated that the new predictor remarkably outperforms the relevant state-of-the-art methods in both accuracy and stability.
Availability and Implementation: For the convenience of most experimental scientists, a web server for iDHS-EL is established at http://bioinformatics.hitsz.edu.cn/iDHS-EL, which is the first web-server predictor ever established for identifying DHSs, and by which users can easily get their desired results without the need to go through the mathematical details. We anticipate that iDHS-EL will become a very useful high throughput tool for genome analysis.
Contact: bliu@gordonlifescience.org or bliu@insun.hit.edu.cn
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Experimental parasite community ecology: intraspecific variation in a large tapeworm affects community assembly
Authors: Benesh Daniel P. , Kalbe Martin 
Published: April 2016

Summary

Non‐random species associations occur in naturally sampled parasite communities. The processes resulting in predictable community structure (e.g. particular host behaviours, cross‐immunity, interspecific competition) could be affected by traits that vary within a parasite species, like growth or antigenicity.

We experimentally infected three‐spined sticklebacks with a large tapeworm (Schistocephalus solidus) that impacts the energy needs, foraging behaviour and immune reactions of its host. The tapeworms came from two populations, characterized by high or low growth in sticklebacks. Our goal was to evaluate how this parasite, and variation in its growth, affects the acquisition of other parasites.

Fish infected with S. solidus were placed into cages in a lake to expose them to the natural parasite community. We also performed a laboratory experiment in which infected fish were exposed to a fixed dose of a common trematode parasite.

In the field experiment, infection with S. solidus affected the abundance of four parasite species, relative to controls. For two of the four species, changes occurred only in fish harbouring the high‐growth S. solidus; one species increased in abundance and the other decreased. These changes did not appear to be directly linked to S. solidus growth though. The parasite exhibiting elevated abundance was the same trematode used in the laboratory infection. In that experiment, we found a similar infection pattern, suggesting that S. solidus affects the physiological susceptibility of fish to this trematode.

Associations between S. solidus and other parasites occur and vary in direction. However, some of these associations were contingent on the S. solidus population, suggesting that intraspecific variability can affect the assembly of parasite communities.
Risk assessment of pesticide seed treatment for farmland birds using refined field data
Authors: Lopez‐Antia Ana , Feliu Jordi , Camarero Pablo R. , Ortiz‐Santaliestra Manuel E. , Mateo Rafael 
Published: April 2016

Summary

Due to reductions in winter food resources, newly sown cereal seeds have become a key component of many bird species' diets, but these seeds are often treated with pesticides that may cause toxic effects. To complete an appropriate risk assessment, data on treated seed toxicity need to be combined with information about the risk of exposure of birds in the field and the factors that modulate such exposure.

We studied the abundance of pesticide‐treated seeds available for birds in the field, the pesticides and their concentrations in treated seeds, and the bird species observed in the field that were feeding on these pesticide‐treated seeds. The exposure of red‐legged partridge to treated winter cereal seeds was characterized through the analysis of crop and gizzard contents of hunted individuals (n = 189). Moreover, we measured the contribution of cereal seeds in the autumn–winter diet of partridges in order to assess the potential risk of exposure to pesticide‐treated seeds.

Density of treated seeds on the soil surface after sowing (11·3 ± 1·2 seeds m−2 in the centre of field and 43·4 ± 5·5 seeds m−2 in the headlands) was enough to provide, in an area between 6 and 50 m2, doses of six active ingredients above those indicating acute (i.e. a dose capable of killing 50% of individuals of a sensitive species) and / or chronic (no observed effect level) toxicity.

Up to 30 bird species were observed consuming treated cereal seeds in recently sown fields. Corn bunting was identified as an appropriate focal passerine species for the risk assessment of pesticide‐treated seeds.

We found that treated seeds were an important route of pesticide ingestion for red‐legged partridge; pesticide residues (six fungicides and two insecticides) were found in 32·3% of crops and gizzards. Cereal seeds represented more than half (53·4 ± 4·3%) of total biomass consumed by partridges from October to February.

Synthesis and applications. The field exposure data combined with previous studies about the toxicity to partridges of using pesticide‐treated seeds point to an unacceptable risk of this practice to farmland birds. Our results suggest that the prophylactic use of pesticide‐coated seeds should be avoided, with the approval of this treatment considered on a case‐by‐case basis and accompanied with specific measures to minimize risks of adverse effects on avian communities.
Long‐term impact of protected colonial birds on a jeopardized cork oak population: conservation bias leads to restoration failure
Authors: Fedriani José M. , García Luis V. , Sánchez María E. , Calderón Juan , Ramo Cristina 
Published: April 2016

Summary

Conservation bias towards flagship species sometimes threatens other species of chief concern. Long‐term studies of potential harm by favoured species on other sensitive species, though seldom adopted, are required to fairly evaluate the suitability of management and restoration efforts.

We illustrate the potential detrimental outcomes of conservation biased towards birds by investigating the long‐term (1963–2009) impact of a large waterbird colony (up to 13 000 pairs) on a remnant cork oak Quercus suber population at a World Biosphere Reserve in south‐western Spain (the Doñana National Park). To this end, we compared changes in performance (growth, crown vigour and survival) of oaks occupied and unoccupied by the waterbird colony.

After 46 years of occupation, the risk of death to centenarian oaks in the area occupied by the colony was over twofold higher than for trees outside the area. Non‐centenarian planted and naturally regenerated oaks showed similar trends, leading to restoration failure.

Synthesis and applications. Our long‐term study reveals that waterbirds and centenarian oaks cannot coexist, at the most local scale, but they can at a regional scale including within the Doñana area. We propose immediate planting efforts in suitable colony‐free areas, while managers evaluate the feasibility of relocating colonial waterbirds to an alternative location. To preserve the Doñana oak genetic pool, such reforestation should be accomplished using local seeds and seedlings. New trees should not be planted in close proximity of colony‐occupied trees since it significantly reduces their survival. Doñana stakeholders should both overcome current conservation bias in favour of birds and enter into a process of settlement to best preserve the overall biodiversity of the system.
Invasion status and phylogenetic relatedness predict cost of heterospecific pollen receipt: implications for native biodiversity decline
Authors: Arceo‐Gómez Gerardo , Ashman Tia‐Lynn 
Published: April 2016

SummaryUnderstanding the mechanisms by which invasive species affect native plants is a central challenge. Invasive plants have been shown to reduce pollinator visitation to natives and increase pollen quantity limitation. However, visitation and conspecific pollen delivery are the only two components of the pollination process; post‐pollination interactions on the stigma (heterospecific pollen [HP] receipt) could intensify pre‐pollination responses to invasion.Here, we used meta‐analysis to test the hypotheses that invasive plants are more detrimental asHPdonors than natives ones and thatHPdonors that are closely related to the recipients have stronger effects on fruit and seed production compared to distantly related ones.InvasiveHPdonors reduced fruit and seed production of recipients to a greater degree than native ones, and this was more intense forHPdonors closely related to natives. Related donors were more detrimental overall.Synthesis. These results suggest that the total effect of invasive plants on native plant reproductive success could be greater than what is inferred from visitation and conspecific pollen transfer alone. Furthermore, these results indicate that invasive species can reduce reproductive success of native species even if pollinator visitation rates remain unaltered. Thus, we highlight the need to evaluate pre‐ and post‐pollination processes in order to fully understand the potential effects of invasive species on the reproductive success and maintenance of native plant populations.
Chronic mercury exposure at different concentrations produces opposed vascular responses in rat aorta
Authors: Azevedo BF , Simões MR , Fiorim J , Botelho T , Angeli JK , Vieira JVA , Alonso MJ , Salaices M , dos Santos L , Vassallo DV 
Published: April 2016

SummaryMercury chloride exposure for 30 days decreasesNObioavailability and increases oxidative stress. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of mercury on the cardiovascular system are not completely understood, and it is not known if they are dose‐dependent or if some concentrations have no harmful effects. Thus, we investigated the effects of chronic exposure to doses low (half) and high (2.5‐fold higher) than that needed to obtain 29 nmol/L of HgCl2on the vascular function. Three‐month‐old male Wistar rats received intramuscular (i.m.) HgCl2for 30 days and were divided in three groups: lower (Low Hg); higher (High Hg); and saline was used as the control. High Hg exposure increased the contractile response to phenylephrine (PHE) in aortic rings, but Low Hg reduced it. The hyporesponsiveness in the Low Hg rats was blunted by endothelial denudation andNOSinhibition withl‐NAME (100 μmol/L). The phosphorylated‐eNOS/eNOS protein ratio increased in the aortas of Low Hg rats. In the High Hg group, endothelial denudation increased thePHE‐induced contractions, whilel‐NAME had no effects and indomethacin (10 μmol/L), losartan (10 μmol/L) and apocynin (30 μmol/L) reduced this response. In the High Hg group, protein levels of theNADPHoxidase subunit gp91phox and cyclooxygenase‐2 increased. Our results support previous suggestions that High Hg increases oxidative stress that might activate an inflammatory cascade and the renin‐angiotensin system. However, very low Hg concentrations below the level considered safe still reduced vascular reactivity, suggesting the need for special attention to continuous exposure as a putative cause of increased cardiovascular risk.