bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Second-generation antipsychotic use in borderline personality disorder: What are we targeting?
Authors: Wasylyshen Adrian , Williams Andrew M. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Introduction: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a personality disorder plagued with high rates of psychotropic polypharmacy. Estimates show that second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are used in most of these patients; however, they are being prescribed off label.

Methods: A literature review was conducted via PubMed in search for studies evaluating SGA use in BPD.

Results: There are available data investigating 8 of 11 SGAs and their use in BPD. Of N = 269 potential articles, N = 34 evaluating the use of SGAs in BPD were included.

Discussion: Strong evidence supporting SGAs in BPD is lacking. Potential target symptoms in which a SGA may be useful include depression, anxiety, anger, impulsivity, and paranoia/dissociative behavior.
Identification, assessment, and management of pain in patients with advanced dementia
Authors: Malotte Kasey L. , McPherson Mary Lynn 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Patients with advanced dementia have a high symptom burden at end of life. Many of those with dementia have reports of symptoms similar to those without dementia, yet are treated less frequently. Pain is a prevalent symptom that can be underrecognized because of the ability of the patient to self-report. Several tools are available to help with the identification of pain, but they should only be one aspect in the overall assessment. Health care providers must anticipate this and screen for and treat potential pain. This includes obtaining a self-report, searching for potential causes for pain, observing patient behavior, gaining proxy reporting of pain, and attempting an appropriate analgesic trial. It is beneficial for all those involved with a patient's care to screen for pain because of the potential benefits in decreasing behaviors and subsequent antipsychotic use.
Three‐Dimensional Patterning of the ECM Microenvironment Using Magnetic Nanoparticle Self Assembly
Authors: Kim Jiyun , Tanner Kandice 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis protocol describes a way to introduce topography to three‐dimensional (3D) biomaterials. The self‐assembling behavior of magnetic particles can be exploited to form nanoscale to microscale fibers, such that one can dissect the contribution of topography on cell behavior, which is independent of other physical properties of the biomaterial (e.g., stiffness). The magnetic particles are chemically cross‐linked with several extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and then using magnetic force‐mediated assembly, one can program aligned nanofibers in a 3D hydrogel. This process allows the creation of diverse topographic patterns in 3D, including isotropic, anisotropic (fibril), or interfaced architectures, without changing the bulk stiffness of the scaffold material. This anisotropic architecture guides the dendritic protrusions of cells, which can be compared to cells grown in an isotropic architecture lacking spatial guidance cues. Several cell types, such as fibroblasts and neurons, have been cultured in this engineered 3D matrix. This technology provides an easy way to construct nano‐bio interfaces for various biomedical engineering applications as well as dissect the role of topography in various cell behaviors. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Antarctic station‐based seasonal pressure reconstructions since 1905: 2. Variability and trends during the twentieth century
Authors: Fogt Ryan L. , Jones Julie M. , Goergens Chad A. , Jones Megan E. , Witte Grant A. , Lee Ming Yueng 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe Antarctic seasonal station‐based pressure reconstructions evaluated in our companion paper are evaluated here to provide additional knowledge on Antarctic pressure variability during the twentieth century. In the period from 1905 to 1956, we find that the Hadley Centre gridded sea level pressure data set compared the best with our reconstructions, perhaps due to similar methods to estimate pressure without direct observations. The primary focus on the twentieth century Antarctic pressure variability was in summer and winter, as these were the seasons with the highest reconstruction skill. In summer, there is considerable interannual variability that was spatially uniform across all of Antarctica. Notable high pressure anomalies were found in the summers of 1911/1912 and 1925/1926; both summers correspond to negative phases of the Southern Annular Mode as well as El Niño events in the tropical Pacific. In addition, negative summer pressure trends during the last ~40 years across all of Antarctica are unique in the context of 30 year trends throughout the entire twentieth century, suggesting a strong component of anthropogenic forcing on the recent summer trends. In contrast, mean winter pressure is less variable from year to year during the early twentieth century, and there is less similarity between the pressure variations along the Antarctic Peninsula compared to the rest of the continent. No significant pressure trends were found consistently across all Antarctica (although some significant regional trends can be identified), and low‐frequency, multidecadal‐scale variability appears to dominate the historical pressure variations in this season.
Sequence and relative timing of large lakes in Gale crater (Mars) after the formation of Mount Sharp
Authors: Palucis Marisa C. , Dietrich William E. , Williams Rebecca M. E. , Hayes Alexander G. , Parker Tim , Sumner Dawn Y. , Mangold Nicolas , Lewis Kevin , Newsom Horton 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe quantification of lake levels in Gale crater is important to define the hydrologic and climatic history experienced by the sedimentary deposits found by Curiosity. We propose that there were at least three major lake stands within Gale, each persisted >1000 years, and all occurred after Mount Sharp reached close to its current topographic form. Deltaic deposits off the southern rim of Gale, derived from incision of Farah Vallis, and corresponding deposits off the southern flank of Mount Sharp define the highest lake level, which had a mean depth of 700 m. Canyons similar in form to Farah Vallis enter into craters and/or the crustal dichotomy near Gale from the south, suggesting that the highest lake was supplied by a large‐scale flow system. The next lake level, established after a period of drying and rewetting, is defined by four deltaic features, three sourced from Mount Sharp and one from the western rim of Gale, as well as the termination of gullies around the northern rim of Gale. This second lake level had a mean depth of 300 m. The presence of the gullies suggests more locally sourced water. Lake levels then rose another 100 m, as evidenced by two deltaic deposits derived from the rim of Gale and the termination of a second set of gullies. Post‐lake, reduced hydrologic activity continued, evidenced by a time of fan building (including Peace Vallis). The sequence of events suggests an episodic shift through time from relatively wet regional conditions to a drier environment with local runoff.
Solar modulation of the deep space galactic cosmic ray lineal energy spectrum measured by CRaTER, 2009–2014
Authors: Zeitlin C. , Case A. W. , Schwadron N. A. , Spence H. E. , Mazur J. E. , Joyce C. J. , Looper M. D. , Jordan A. , Rios R. R. , Townsend L. W. , Kasper J. C. , Blake J. B. , Smith S. , Wilson J. , Iwata Y. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation (CRaTER) is an energetic particle detector flying aboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. Since arriving at the Moon in 2009, CRaTER has observed the deep solar minimum of solar cycle 23, the ascending phase of cycle 24, the very weak maximum of cycle 24, and in recent months, what appears to be the start of the descending phase of cycle 24. In earlier work, we presented lineal energy spectra of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) at solar minimum for different shielding depths. The long period of CRaTER observations allows us to study the evolution of these spectra as a function of solar modulation. As solar modulation increases, the total flux of GCRs decreases, and lower‐energy ions are preferentially removed from the spectrum of ions that arrive in the inner heliosphere. These effects lead to modest variations in the lineal energy spectrum as a function of time. GCR fluxes at the 2009/2010 solar minimum were high by historical standards and at solar maximum remained high compared to earlier maxima.
Enhanced haze pollution by black carbon in megacities in China
Authors: Ding A. J. , Huang X. , Nie W. , Sun J. N. , Kerminen V.‐M. , Petäjä T. , Su H. , Cheng Y. F. , Yang X.‐Q. , Wang M. H. , Chi X. G. , Wang J. P. , Virkkula A. , Guo W. D. , Yuan J. , Wang S. Y. , Zhang R. J. , Wu Y. F. , Song Y. , Zhu T. , Zilitinkevich S. , Kulmala M. , Fu C. B. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAerosol‐planetary boundary layer (PBL) interactions have been found to enhance air pollution in megacities in China. We show that black carbon (BC) aerosols play the key role in modifying the PBL meteorology and hence enhancing the haze pollution. With model simulations and data analysis from various field observations in December 2013, we demonstrate that BC induces heating in the PBL, particularly in the upper PBL, and the resulting decreased surface heat flux substantially depresses the development of PBL and consequently enhances the occurrences of extreme haze pollution episodes. We define this process as the “dome effect” of BC and suggest an urgent need for reducing BC emissions as an efficient way to mitigate the extreme haze pollution in megacities of China.
Retrieval of seasonal dynamics of forest understory reflectance from semiarid to boreal forests using MODIS BRDF data
Authors: Pisek Jan , Chen Jing M. , Kobayashi Hideki , Rautiainen Miina , Schaepman Michael E. , Karnieli Arnon , Sprinstin Michael , Ryu Youngryel , Nikopensius Maris , Raabe Kairi 
Published: March 2016

AbstractSpatial and temporal patterns of forest background (understory) reflectance are crucial for retrieving biophysical parameters of forest canopies (overstory) and subsequently for ecosystem modeling. In this communication, we retrieved seasonal courses of understory normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) from multiangular Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer bidirectional reflectance distribution function (MODIS BRDF)/albedo data. We compared satellite‐based seasonal courses of understory NDVI to understory NDVI values measured in different types of forests distributed along a wide latitudinal gradient (65.12°N–31.35°N). Our results indicated that the retrieval method performs well particularly over open forests of different types. We also demonstrated the limitations of the method for closed canopies, where the understory signal retrieval is much attenuated.
Analysis of Mouse Growth Plate Development
Authors: Mangiavini Laura , Merceron Christophe , Schipani Ernestina 
Published: March 2016

AbstractTo investigate skeletal development, pathophysiological mechanisms of cartilage and bone disease, and eventually assess innovative treatments, the mouse is a very important resource. During embryonic development, mesenchymal condensations are formed, and cells within these mesenchymal condensations either directly differentiate into osteoblasts and give origin to intramembranous bone, or differentiate into chondrocytes and form a cartilaginous anlage. The cartilaginous anlage or fetal growth plate is then replaced with bone. This process is also called endochondral bone development, and it is responsible for the generation of most of our skeleton. Here we discuss in detail the most common in vivo and in vitro techniques our laboratory is currently using for the analysis of the mouse fetal growth plate during development. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
What Is the Value of Extrinsic Olive Oil Cues in Emerging Markets? Empirical Evidence from the U.S. E‐Commerce Retail Market
Authors: Roselli Luigi , Carlucci Domenico , De Gennaro Bernardo Corrado 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTOlive oil consumption in the United States has more than tripled over the past two decades and imports have grown considerably, in particular from Mediterranean countries. This is due to the spread of the Mediterranean diet and increasing consumer awareness about the health benefits of olive oil. We investigated the role of the main extrinsic quality cues (size of container, product category, organic certification, geographical indications, country of origin, and brand) in affecting the price of olive oil sold in the U.S. e‐commerce retail market. Using data from amazon.com, the leading e‐retailer in the United States, a hedonic price model was estimated. Results show that all the considered extrinsic quality cues have a significant impact on the price of olive oil, with interesting implications for both practitioners and policy makers. [EconLit citations: Q110; Q130; Q170].
Molecular Imaging of Biological Samples on Nanophotonic Laser Desorption Ionization Platforms
Authors: Stopka Sylwia A. , Rong Charles , Korte Andrew R. , Yadavilli Sridevi , Nazarian Javad , Razunguzwa Trust T. , Morris Nicholas J. , Vertes Akos 
Published: March 2016

AbstractMass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a comprehensive tool for the analysis of a wide range of biomolecules. The mainstream method for molecular MSI is matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization, however, the presence of a matrix results in spectral interferences and the suppression of some analyte ions. Herein we demonstrate a new matrix‐free MSI technique using nanophotonic ionization based on laser desorption ionization (LDI) from a highly uniform silicon nanopost array (NAPA). In mouse brain and kidney tissue sections, the distributions of over 80 putatively annotated molecular species are determined with 40 μm spatial resolution. Furthermore, NAPA‐LDI‐MS is used to selectively analyze metabolites and lipids from sparsely distributed algal cells and the lamellipodia of human hepatocytes. Our results open the door for matrix‐free MSI of tissue sections and small cell populations by nanophotonic ionization.
Determinants for Tight and Selective Binding of a Medicinal Dicarbene Gold(I) Complex to a Telomeric DNA G‐Quadruplex: a Joint ESI MS and XRD Investigation
Authors: Bazzicalupi Carla , Ferraroni Marta , Papi Francesco , Massai Lara , Bertrand Benoît , Messori Luigi , Gratteri Paola , Casini Angela 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe dicarbene gold(I) complex [Au(9‐methylcaffein‐8‐ylidene)2]BF4 is an exceptional organometallic compound of profound interest as a prospective anticancer agent. This gold(I) complex was previously reported to be highly cytotoxic toward various cancer cell lines in vitro and behaves as a selective G‐quadruplex stabilizer. Interactions of the gold complex with various telomeric DNA models have been analyzed by a combined ESI MS and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) approach. ESI MS measurements confirmed formation of stable adducts between the intact gold(I) complex and Tel 23 DNA sequence. The crystal structure of the adduct formed between [Au(9‐methylcaffein‐8‐ylidene)2]+ and Tel 23 DNA G‐quadruplex was solved. Tel 23 maintains a characteristic propeller conformation while binding three gold(I) dicarbene moieties at two distinct sites. Stacking interactions appear to drive noncovalent binding of the gold(I) complex. The structural basis for tight gold(I) complex/G‐quadruplex recognition and its selectivity are described.
Flexible Near‐Infrared Photovoltaic Devices Based on Plasmonic Hot‐Electron Injection into Silicon Nanowire Arrays
Authors: Liu Dong , Yang Dong , Gao Yang , Ma Jun , Long Ran , Wang Chengming , Xiong Yujie 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe development of flexible near‐infrared (NIR) photovoltaic (PV) devices containing silicon meets the strong demands for solar utilization, portability, and sustainable manufacture; however, improvements in the NIR light absorption and conversion efficiencies in ultrathin crystalline Si are required. We have developed an approach to improve the quantum efficiency of flexible PV devices in the NIR spectral region by integrating Si nanowire arrays with plasmonic Ag nanoplates. The Ag nanoplates can directly harvest and convert NIR light into plasmonic hot electrons for injection into Si, while the Si nanowire arrays offer light trapping. Taking the wavelength of 800 nm as an example, the external quantum efficiency has been improved by 59 % by the integration Ag nanoplates. This work provides an alternative strategy for the design and fabrication of flexible NIR PVs.
A Symmetric Recognition Motif between Vicinal Diols: The Fourfold Grip in Ethylene Glycol Dimer
Authors: Kollipost Franz , Otto Katharina E. , Suhm Martin A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractEthylene glycol has a transiently chiral, asymmetric global minimum structure, but it favors a highly symmetric, achiral dimer arrangement which has not been considered or found in previous quantum‐chemical studies. Complementary FTIR and Raman spectroscopy in supersonic jets allows for the detection and straightforward assignment of this four‐fold hydrogen‐bonded dimer, which introduces an interesting supramolecular binding motif for vicinal diols and provides a strong case for transient chirality synchronization.
Cationic Silica‐Supported N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Tungsten Oxo Alkylidene Sites: Highly Active and Stable Catalysts for Olefin Metathesis
Authors: Pucino Margherita , Mougel Victor , Schowner Roman , Fedorov Alexey , Buchmeiser Michael R. , Copéret Christophe 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDesigning supported alkene metathesis catalysts with high activity and stability is still a challenge, despite significant advances in the last years. Described herein is the combination of strong σ‐donating N‐heterocyclic carbene ligands with weak σ‐donating surface silanolates and cationic tungsten sites leading to highly active and stable alkene metathesis catalysts. These well‐defined silica‐supported catalysts, [(≡SiO)W(=O)(=CHCMe2Ph)(IMes)(OTf)] and [(≡SiO)W(=O)(=CHCMe2Ph)(IMes)+][B(ArF)4−] [IMes=1,3‐bis(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)‐imidazol‐2‐ylidene, B(ArF)4=B(3,5‐(CF3)2C6H3)4] catalyze alkene metathesis, and the cationic species display unprecedented activity for a broad range of substrates, especially for terminal olefins with turnover numbers above 1.2 million for propene.
Selective CO2 Adsorption in a Supramolecular Organic Framework
Authors: Patil Rahul S. , Banerjee Debasis , Zhang Chen , Thallapally Praveen K. , Atwood Jerry L. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractConsidering the rapidly rising CO2 level, there is a constant need for versatile materials which can selectively adsorb CO2 at low cost. The quest for efficient sorptive materials is still on since the practical applications of conventional porous materials possess certain limitations. In that context, we designed, synthesized, and characterized two novel supramolecular organic frameworks based on C‐pentylpyrogallol[4]arene (PgC5) with spacer molecules, such as 4,4′‐bipyridine (bpy). Highly optimized and symmetric intermolecular hydrogen‐bonding interactions between the main building blocks and comparatively weak van der Waals interactions between solvent molecules and PgC5 leads to the formation of robust extended frameworks, which withstand solvent evacuation from the crystal lattice. The evacuated framework shows excellent affinity for carbon dioxide over nitrogen and adsorbs ca. 3 wt % of CO2 at ambient temperature and pressure.
Morphology and molecular mobility of plasticized polylactic acid studied using solid‐state 13C‐ and 1H‐NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Koval'aková Mária , Olčák Dušan , Hronský Viktor , Vrábel Peter , Fričová Oľga , Chodák Ivan , Alexy Pavel , Sučik Gabriel 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTMAS 13C‐NMR measurements were used for the study of morphology and molecular mobility in amorphous quenched and triacetine‐plasticized PLA samples and PLA samples which underwent cold crystallization during annealing at 80 and 100 °C. The single pulse MAS 13C‐NMR spectra indicate that plasticizer promotes cold crystallization which results in the decrease of the temperature of crystallization and formation of more perfect crystalline domains. The T1(13C) spin‐lattice relaxation times show that the presence of plasticizer molecules leads to an increase of local mobility in PLA chains but plasticized PLA after annealing at 100 °C shows more rigid structure. The series of broad line 1H‐NMR spectra performed at temperatures up to 100 °C provided information on the changes in relaxation processes and morphology of the studied samples. The interpretation of the results obtained using the techniques of NMR spectroscopy were supported by WAXD and DSC measurements. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43517.
Is the semi‐regular variable RU Vulpeculae undergoing a helium‐shell flash?
Authors: Uttenthaler S. , Greimel R. , Templeton M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe semi‐regular variable star RU Vulpeculae (RU Vul) is being observed visually since 1935. Its pulsation period and amplitude are declining since ∼1954. A leading hypothesis to explain the period decrease in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars such as RU Vul is an ongoing flash of the He‐burning shell, also called a thermal pulse (TP), inside the star. In this paper, we present a CCD photometric light curve of RU Vul, derive its fundamental parameters, and test if the TP hypothesis can describe the observed period decline. We use CCD photometry to determine the present‐day pulsation period and amplitude in three photometric bands, and high‐resolution optical spectroscopy to derive the fundamental parameters. The period evolution of RU Vul is compared to predictions by evolutionary models of the AGB phase. We find that RU Vul is a metal‐poor star with a metallicity [M/H] = –1.59 ± 0.05 and an effective surface temperature of Teff = 3634 ± 20 K. The low metallicity of RU Vul and its kinematics indicate that it is an old, low‐mass member of the thick disc or the halo population. The present day pulsation period determined from our photometry is ∼108 d, the semiamplitude in the V ‐band is 0.39 ± 0.03 mag. The observed period decline is found to be well matched by an evolutionary AGB model with stellar parameters comparable to those of RU Vul. We conclude that the TP hypothesis is in good agreement with the observed period evolution of RU Vul. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An efficient computational algorithm for the initial value problem associated with the universal Y functions
Authors: Sharaf M. A. , Saad A. S. , Fadak M. A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn the present paper, an efficient iterative method of arbitrary integer order of convergent ≥2 based on the homotopy continuation techniques for the solution of the initial value problem of space dynamics using the universal Y functions is presented. The method is of dynamic nature in the sense that, ongoing from one iterative scheme to the subsequent one, only additional instruction is needed. Most importantly, the method does not need any prior knowledge of the initial guess. This is a property which avoids the critical situations between divergent to very slow convergent solutions that may exist in other numerical methods which depend on initial guesses. A computational package for digital implementation of the method is given, together with numerical applications for elliptic, hyperbolic, and parabolic orbits. The accuracy of the results for all orbits is O(10–16). (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)