bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LIVING CONSTITUTIONALISM’ AND THE ROLE OF INDIAN JUDICIARY
Authors: Mahalwar Vandana 
Published: October 2024

Living Constitutionalism emerged as a popular theory of constitutional construction and interpretation. Living constitutionalism emerged as a reaction against Originalism. Originalism means that the text of the constitution has a set meaning and that constitutional actors should be bound by it. Originalists say that the text of any Constitution is fixed at the time it is drafted, hence, its interpretation should follow the original intention of the framers. While, the theory of Living Constitutionalism provides that constitution needs to be interpreted in consonance of the current socio-economic circumstances in a society. In the Constitution of India, the Indian Judiciary has played a crucial role by constructing its provisions in the interest of people of the nation. This article discusses the role of Indian judiciary in making the Constitution of India, a living document. It also discusses how the Indian judiciary has exhibited the demoprudence by expanding the ambit of Article 21 of the Constitution.
Genesis 2–3 as a Primal Scene for Weak Metaphysics
Authors: Heinrich-Ramharter Esther 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this paper, I examine the role that the biblical story of Adam and Eve, Genesis 2–3, plays for philosophers and biblical scholars who advocate a weak metaphysics. In particular, I discuss writings by Mark Glouberman, Richard Kearney and Gianni Vattimo. I examine the question of whether and in what sense Genesis 2–3 can be said to be a primal scene for weak thinking or weak metaphysics.
Impact of asprosin, interleukin-6, and adiponectin on exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Zhuravlyova L. V. , Markevych M. A. 
Published: October 2024

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is a clinical condition often associated with chronic pancreatitis (CP) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) leads to malabsorption and nutritional deficiencies, severely impacting patients’ quality of life. It has been identified that asprosin, a glucogenic protein, is a key player in carbohydrate metabolism and chronic inflammation. Elevated levels of asprosin, along with changes in interleukin‑6 (IL‑6) and adiponectin, may contribute to the pathophysiology of EPI in patients with T2DM and CP.
Objective — to investigate the levels of asprosin, IL‑6, and adiponectin and their correlation with exocrine pancreatic function in patients with T2DM and CP.
Materials and methods. The study included 100 patients treated at Kharkiv Regional Clinical Hospital from 2020 to 2022. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n=70) with comorbid T2DM and CP, and Group 2 (n=30) with T2DM alone. The control group included 20 healthy individuals. Blood levels of asprosin, IL‑6, and adiponectin were measured using immunoassays. Fecal elastase‑1 (FE‑1) levels were used to assess exocrine pancreatic function. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the relationships between these markers.
Results. Asprosin levels were significantly higher in Group 1 compared to Group 2 and the control group, with the highest levels observed in patients with comorbid T2DM and CP (10.06±3.56 ng/ml). IL‑6 levels were also elevated in Group 1 (64.44±4.35 pg/ ml), indicating heightened inflammation. Adiponectin levels were lower in Group 1 (2.80±0.38 ng/ml), correlating with worse metabolic profiles. FE‑1 levels were markedly reduced in Group 1 (142.2±6.3 mg/ g), confirming severe EPI. Significant correlations were found between asprosin levels and IL‑6 (positive correlation, r=0.49, p<0.01), as well as between asprosin levels and FE‑1 (negative correlation, r=–0.52, p<0.01). In the group of patients with isolated T2DM, significant moderate negative correlations were found between asprosin levels and adiponectin (r=–0.47, p<0.05) and FE‑1 (r=–0.44, p<0.05). The study also demonstrated a strong negative correlation between adiponectin and IL‑6 (r=–0.61, p<0.01) in patients with comorbid T2DM and CP.
Conclusions. Elevated asprosin levels in patients with T2DM and CP are associated with increased inflammation and reduced exocrine pancreatic function. The significant correlations between asprosin, IL‑6, and FE‑1 suggest that asprosin could serve as a clinically valuable biomarker for assessing metabolic and inflammatory status in these patients. The findings highlight the complex interaction between metabolic and inflammatory pathways in the development of EPI.
Lipoprotein glomerulopathy: what is known? Literature review
Authors: Chernyshov V. A. 
Published: October 2024

The review is devoted to the important problem of contemporary nephrology — lipoprotein glomerulopathy (LPG), a rare glomerular disorder leading to nephrotic syndrome and/or chronic kidney failure (CKF). The article highlights the primary genetic defect in LPG associated with heterozygous mutations of the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene in the low‑density lipoprotein (LDL) binding site with the corresponding receptor, which increases the affinity of mutant ApoE‑containing lipoproteins to the glomerular capillary wall. The article presents data from population‑based studies on the prevalence of LPG and current understanding of its pathogenesis, in particular, the main pathogenetic link — damage to the structure and function of ApoE due to heterozygous mutations of the ApoE gene. The participation of ApoE‑containing lipoproteins, which include ApoE isoforms, in the formation of glomerular deposits, lipoprotein thrombi in the lumen of glomerular capillaries, as well as the role of macrophages in the pathogenesis of renal lipidosis is considered. Histological picture typical for LPG, intraglomerular and extrarenal factors of its development, and features of serum lipid spectrum accompanying the clinical course of LPG are described. Diagnostic criteria of LPG, clinical manifestations of this glomerular disorder, prognosis in LPG, its complications and some co-morbid states associated with LPG are given. Special attention is paid for the treatment of LPG, without which the disease is progressing to a terminal CKF. Some possibilities of contemporary lipid lowering agents (fibrates, nicotinic acid derivates, statins, monoclonal antibodies to apolipoprotein CIII) in correction of lipid disorders associated with LPG are discussed. Some perspective agents that could be applied in patients with LPG (inhibitors of natrium-dependent glucose co-transporter 2, antioxidants, anticonvulsant topiramate) after special trials are enumerated. Some attention is paid to other treatment measures in LPG, such as LDL-apheresis with heparin‑induced extracorporal precipitation, staphylococcal protein-A immunoadsorption therapy, and renal transplantation. Necessity is emphasized of further experimental and clinical studies that will allow to enlarge updated ideas about the etiology and pathogenesis of LPG, improve its diagnostics and treatment efficacy.
Organ-protective effects of the alternative renin-angiotensin system and prospects for therapeutic treatment. Review
Authors: Kovalyova O. M. , Ivanchenko S. V. , Zhuravlyova A. K. , Shapkin V. Y. 
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to review the data regarding the identification of biochemical and functional features of the components of the renin‑angiotensin system using the tools of bibliometric analysis of scientific literature. A modern interpretation by the dividing of the multifunctional complex into two systems, namely the classical renin‑angiotensin system and alternative renin‑angiotensin system, in accordance with the definition of biological effects, is given. The enzymatic cascade involved in the production and metabolism of peptides in both classical and non‑classical pathways of renin‑angiotensin systems is shown from the point of view of the evolution of scientific concepts. The triggering role of components of the classical renin‑angiotensin system in pathophysiological processes with transformation into cardiovascular diseases and metabolic dysfunction has been proven. The history of the creation of pharmacological drugs for the correction of the classic renin‑angiotensin system is presented. In view of the achievement of recent years, the revision of the alternative renin‑angiotensin system is emphasized due to the discovery of the counter‑regulatory action of the angiotensin‑converting enzyme 2, angiotensin‑(1—7), the Mas receptor in relation to their correction of metabolic processes, regulation of blood pressure, and the presence of anti‑fibrotic, anti‑inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The positive effect of the components of the non‑classical renin‑angiotensin system on the protection of the cardiovascular system and kidney is presented based on the results of experimental studies on animals. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics characteristics of recombinant angiotensin‑converting enzyme 2 in experiments on healthy volunteers are highlighted. The potential protective effects of angiotensin‑converting enzyme 2 and angiotensin‑(1—7) concerning cardiometabolic risk are presented. The available data indicate the need for further comprehensive scientific investigations of the components of alternative renin‑angiotensin system to create a new class of pharmacological agents with their implementation in medical practice.
Studi Kejadian 2:4b-3:24 dengan konsep naratologi Tzvetan Todorov
Authors: Setiawan Yohanes , Sin Sia Kok 
Published: October 2024

This study aims to analyze the narrative of Genesis 2:4 b-3:24 using Tzvetan Todorov's narratology theory, which consists of five phases: equilibrium, disruption, recognition, repair, and new equilibrium. This study uses a descriptive-qualitative approach to reveal the socio-theological aspects present in the text. The findings show that the narrative structure reflects a cycle of harmony and conflict, starting with the initial equilibrium of the relationship between God, humans, and creation. Disruption occurs through the serpent's temptation, which leads to human transgression and subsequent acts of recognition. The narrative continues to repair, where consequences are imposed, and finally reaches a new equilibrium that illustrates God's justice and mercy in providing a new beginning for humans. This analysis not only enhances the understanding of the socio-theological implications of the text but also invites a re-evaluation of traditional interpretations of humanity's expulsion from Eden and the ongoing relationship between society, creation, and God.

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis narasi Kejadian 2:4 b-3:24 menggunakan teori naratologi Tzvetan Todorov, yang terdiri dari lima fase: equilibrium, disruption, recognition, repair, dan new equilibrium. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-kualitatif untuk mengungkap aspek sosial-teologis yang ada dalam teks. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa struktur narasi mencerminkan siklus harmoni dan konflik, dimulai dengan equilibrium awal hubungan antara Tuhan, manusia, dan ciptaan. Disruption terjadi melalui godaan ular, yang mengarah pada pelanggaran manusia dan selanjutnya ada aksi recognition. Narasi berlanjut ke repair, di mana konsekuensi dipaksakan, dan akhirnya mencapai new equilibrium yang menggambarkan keadilan dan belas kasihan Tuhan dalam memberikan awal yang baru bagi manusia. Analisis ini tidak hanya meningkatkan pemahaman tentang implikasi sosial-teologis dari teks tetapi juga mengundang evaluasi ulang terhadap interpretasi tradisional mengenai pengusiran manusia dari Eden dan hubungan yang berkelanjutan antara umat manusia, ciptaan dan Tuhan.
Meneroka kesetaraan dan keadilan gender dalam gereja dan masyarakat Toraja
Authors: Tangirerung Johana Ruadjanna , Wangania Judith D. L. , Tapparan Meike Roselyna 
Published: October 2024

Toraja society, which has a bilateral kinship system, accommodates matriarchal and patriarchal systems. This system has elements of equality. However, church and community life phenomena are still less visible, especially regarding leadership. This paper will further explore the existence of women in broader leadership through the historical experience of leadership in the Toraja Church. The method used is qualitative descriptive by presenting various realities of injustice from multiple surveys in general and the history of the leadership of the Toraja Church itself in accepting women as church officials. The discussion results are various causes of injustice, namely the influence of theological understanding from Zending, who came to Toraja, and the influence of patriarchal ideology. The conclusion is that it is necessary to continuously carry out gender literacy to the church and community regarding equality.

Abstrak
Masyarkat Toraja yang sistem kekerabatannya bilateral, mengakomodasi baik sistem matriarkar maupun patriarkar. Sistem ini sejatinya memiliki unsur kesetaraan. Namun melihat fenomena dalam kehidupan gereja dan masyarakat, masih kurang terlihat, khususnya terkait kepemimpinan. Tulisan ini akan meneroka lebih jauh keberadaan perempuan dalam kepemimpinan yang lebih luas melalui pengalaman sejarah kepemimpinan dalam Gereja Toraja. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan mengemukakan berbagai realitas ketidakadilan dari berbagai survei secara umum dan realitas dalam sejarah kepemimpinan Gereja Toraja sendiri dalam menerima perempuan menjadi pejabat gerejawi. Hasil pembahasan adalah ditemukan berbagai sebab ketidakadilan yaitu pengaruh pemahaman teologi dari Zending yang datang ke Toraja dan pengaruh ideologi patriarkalisme. Riset ini menyimpulkan, perlunya terus-menerus melakukan literasi gender kepada gereja dan masyarakat terkait kesetaraan.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE ACOMETIDOS POR COVID-19 EM UM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO
Authors: Barbosa Ferraz Sabrina , Gonçalves de Moura Samilla , Duarte Brito Kyonayra Quezia , Ferreira da Cruz Morais Gleicyanne , Neves da Silva Michelle , Rocha Diniz Jéssica Jeórgia 
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A COVID-19 é uma infecção decretada como emergência de saúde pública, em meados de fevereiro de 2020, tendo como agente etiológico o vírus SARS-CoV-2. Objetivo: Traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos profissionais de saúde do Hospital Universitário Alcides Carneiro-UFCG/EBSERH acometidos por COVID-19. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, retrospectiva, observacional e descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa, realizada, no recorte temporal de abril a junho de 2021. Foi utilizado formulário estruturado com as variáveis sociodemográficas como: idade, gênero, escolaridade, estado civil, categoria profissional, número de casos confirmados dos profissionais de saúde, número de vacinados e não vacinados, absenteísmo e reinfecção. Resultados: Os casos de infecção por COVID-19 identificados no estudo apresentaram maior expressão numérica no sexo feminino, atingindo o percentual de 73,4%. A faixa etária em destaque nos dados apresentados foi no intervalo de 31-40 anos (55,9%). Considerando a raça de profissionais mais atingidas do estudo, a branca foi a predominante (49,3%). Com relação ao estado civil, verificou-se que 52,4% eram casados. O nível de escolaridade foi categorizado em ensino médio e superior, sendo o ensino superior representado pelo maior quantitativo dos casos (79,7%). A categoria profissional mais infectada foi a de técnicos de enfermagem (87,0%). Os profissionais do grupo sanguíneo do tipo O foram os mais acometidos (39,9%). Em relação à vacinação, todos os profissionais do estudo foram vacinados com Coronavac, Pfizer e AstraZeneca. Conclusão: O estudo desvelou conhecimentos referentes aos aspectos que tangem à saúde do trabalhador no contexto da pandemia.
Relaciones de umbral entre el impuesto a la salida de divisas y la inversión extranjera directa en Ecuador período 2008-2021
Authors: Juelas Yépez Emilia Vanessa , Zurita Moreano Eduardo Germán , Juelas Carrillo Patricio Daniel , González Bautista María Gabriela 
Published: October 2024

La Inversión Extranjera Directa (IED) es uno de los principales motores de desarrollo para las economías, sin embargo en Ecuador sus flujos de ingreso han sido bajos y han coincidido con la aplicación del Impuesto a la Salida de Divisas (ISD), evidenciando que la aplicación de impuestos es un determinante de la IED, bajo estas premisas se busca determinar relaciones de umbral entre estas variables durante el 2008-2021, se plantearon teorías relacionadas y se realizó el tratamiento de datos, se realizó un modelo econométrico de regresión MCO, que demostró la relación inversa entre las variables indicando que por cada 1% de incremento en el ISD la IED va a disminuir en un 0,33%. Se aplicó el test de Chow para determinar cambios estructurales en la serie IED, este se situó en el cuarto trimestre del 2015, se encontró el valor umbral de la relación de las variables, utilizando la metodología de regresión por umbrales con variables dummy, el resultado corresponde a un nivel de recaudación de $248 millones, lo que pertenece a una tarifa del 5% , indicando que a valores tarifarios mayores al 5% y recaudatorios de $248 millones la IED se ralentiza y presenta una tendencia decreciente.
Memories of Joy for a Futureless World: Aesthetic and Political Commitment in Jasieński and Pasolini
Authors: Rowiński Krzysztof 
Published: October 2024

Discussions of cultural disappearance are often couched in terms of nostalgia and tragedy. Bruno Jasieński in Bal manekinów and Pier Paolo Pasolini in Ragazzi di vita offer an alternative form of remembering disappearance through memories of joy, understood as a distinctly political practice. Acutely aware of the untenability of what they were celebrating (pockets of liberty from cultural uniformity, in local cultures and aesthetic experimentation, respectively), both writers maintained a sense of political commitment, offering a good broader model for thinking about a world without a future.
Microsurgical anatomy and the inner architecture of the retrocommissural portion of the hippocampal formation demonstrated through fiber microdissection
Authors: Goga Cristina , Serra Carlo , Türe Uğur 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE
An understanding of the complex nomenclature and 3D spatial relations between the cortical and white matter components of the retrocommissural portion of the hippocampal formation is essential for a successful outcome when performing surgery in the mediobasal temporal region. The goal of this study was to clarify the nomenclature related to the retrocommissural portion of the hippocampal formation and to provide a detailed description of its topography and inner structure from a relevant surgical perspective. This description can serve as an anatomical reference for approaching lesions in the mediobasal temporal region.

METHODS
Fiber microdissection was performed from the superolateral and inferior aspects on 20 previously frozen, formalin-fixed human brains. Three formalin-fixed plastinated brain specimens were then sectioned in the coronal, axial, and sagittal planes, and the relevant sections were studied.

RESULTS
Based on its relationship with the corpus callosum, the hippocampal formation is subdivided into precommissural, supracommissural, and retrocommissural sections. The retrocommissural portion of the hippocampal formation, a structure in the mediobasal temporal region, is a component of both the floor of the temporal horn and the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. It includes the hippocampus (Ammon’s horn and the dentate gyrus), subiculum, and related white matter fibers. Step-by-step microdissection revealed the complex ventricular and cisternal relationships of the retrocommissural portion of the hippocampal formation in the mediobasal temporal region. This further allowed clear distinction of each component of this formation in order to understand their complex reciprocal relationships that comprise a unique internal architecture and external morphology.

CONCLUSIONS
The fiber microdissection technique provides a valuable perspective for understanding the complex structure and relations of the components of the retrocommissural portion of the hippocampal formation. This study clarifies and supplements the information presently available in the literature by offering an anatomical reference essential for differentiating the topographic diagnosis and safer surgical planning for any lesion within this formation or the mediobasal temporal region.
The clinical significance of lack of hindbrain herniation in fetal myelomeningocele/myeloschisis patients
Authors: Flanders Tracy M. , Punchak Maria A. , Oliver Edward R. , Land Sierra D. , Flohr Sabrina J. , Reynolds Tom A. , Schmidt Katie M. , Ertz Danielle D. , Moldenhauer Julie S. , Adzick N. Scott , Heuer Gregory G. 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE
Hindbrain herniation (HH) is a clinical prerequisite for prenatal repair of myelomeningocele/myeloschisis; however, a subset of patients lack HH on initial fetal imaging and may ultimately progress to exhibit herniation on subsequent prenatal or postnatal imaging. The authors sought to explore the cohort of patients without HH at the time of initial fetal consultation for myelomeningocele/myeloschisis repair to define their clinical characteristics and outcome.

METHODS
From July 2016 to July 2022, patients evaluated at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment for myelomeningocele/myeloschisis were classified into two cohorts: those with and those without HH. The diagnosis of HH was obtained from prenatal and postnatal MRI. The osseous lesion level, prenatal sac volume, and prenatal ventricular size was obtained from fetal ultrasound. The fronto-occipital horn ratio was measured on the first postnatal ultrasound. Ambulation status was obtained from postnatal evaluation in the spina bifida clinic.

RESULTS
A total of 176 patients with prenatal HH had postnatal follow-up, of whom 95 (54%) had HH resolution and 81 (46%) had herniation persistence. Of 73 patients without prenatal HH, 9 (12%) had herniation on subsequent prenatal imaging while 64 (88%) had no herniation on prenatal imaging. Of these 64 patients, 11 (17%) had postnatal HH, 32 (50%) had no postnatal herniation, and 21 (33%) were lost to follow-up or the pregnancy was terminated. For patients without HH throughout, the sac volume was larger (9 cm3) than those who had herniation progression or initial herniation; however, the rate of talipes was not significantly different among the groups. The majority of patients were also ambulators (with assistive devices or independent), and the atrial diameter was also < 10 mm for most patients. Overall, 53% of those with initial HH compared with 35% with progression of herniation required CSF diversion, while only 25% of those without herniation required diversion.

CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates the natural history of HH in patients with a prenatal diagnosis of myelomeningocele/myeloschisis. The majority of patients without any herniation had larger sac sizes but not higher rates of talipes and smaller ventricles and were ambulatory. These findings improve the ability to guide families during prenatal consultation.