bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minocycline combination therapy with fluvoxamine in moderate‐to‐severe obsessive–compulsive disorder: A placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, randomized trial
Authors: Esalatmanesh Sophia , Abrishami Zoha , Zeinoddini Atefeh , Rahiminejad Fatemeh , Sadeghi Majid , Najarzadegan Mohammad‐Reza , Shalbafan Mohammad‐Reza , Akhondzadeh Shahin 
Published: August 2016

AimSeveral lines of evidence implicate glutamatergic dysfunction in the pathophysiology of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), presenting this neurotransmitter as a target for the development of novel pharmacotherapy. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of minocycline as an augmentative agent to fluvoxamine in the treatment of patients with OCD.MethodsOne hundred and two patients with the diagnosis of moderate‐to‐severe OCD were recruited to this study. A randomized double‐blind trial was designed and patients received either L‐carnosine or placebo as adjuvant to fluvoxamine for 10 weeks. The patients randomly received either minocycline 100 mg twice per day or placebo for 10 weeks. All patients received fluvoxamine (100 mg/day) for the first 4 weeks, followed by 200 mg/day for the rest of the trial, regardless of their treatment groups. Participants were evaluated using the Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y‐BOCS). The main outcome measure was to assess the efficacy of minocycline in improving the OCD symptoms.ResultsGeneral linear model repeated measures demonstrated significant effect for time × treatment interaction on the Y‐BOCS total scores, F(1.49, 137.93) = 7.1,
P
= 0.003, and Y‐BOCS Obsession subscale score, F(1.54, 141.94) = 9.72, P = 0.001, and near significant effect for the Y‐BOCS Compulsion subscale score, F(1.27, 117.47) = 2.92,
P
= 0.08. A significantly greater rate of partial and complete response was observed in the minocycline group (P < 0.001). The frequency of side‐effects was not significantly different between the treatment arms.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that minocycline could be a tolerable and effective adjuvant in the management of patients with OCD.
Elicitation of resistance responses in grapefruit and lemon fruits treated with a pomegranate peel extract
Authors: Pangallo S. , Li Destri Nicosia M. G. , Raphael G. , Levin E. , Ballistreri G. , Cacciola S. O. , Rapisarda P. , Droby S. , Schena L. 
Published: August 2016

The defence responses of grapefruit and lemon to treatment with pomegranate extract (PGE) were investigated. PGE, an alcoholic extract from pomegranate peel, was recently proposed as a means of effective alternative control against postharvest rots. In in vivo experiments, a significant reduction of rots caused by Penicillium digitatum and P. italicum was achieved on artificially inoculated fruits without direct contact between PGE and pathogens. On lemons both pathogens were completely inhibited by PGE at 12 g dry matter L−1 applied 12 and 24 h before the pathogen but a significant reduction of rots was also achieved by inoculating the pathogen immediately after PGE (0 h), indicating a very quick activation of defence responses. Lower, but significant, reductions were also obtained on grapefruits. An increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity, reaching its peak after 24 h, was observed, in agreement with in vivo efficacy trials. Similarly, the expression of five genes involved in activation of defence responses in plants (CHI, CHS, MAPK, MAPKK and PAL) increased following PGE application. Based on the results of the present study, the high efficacy demonstrated for PGE in previous studies can be partially attributed to the induction of resistance in host tissues.
Reference values and repeatability of the Schirmer tear tests I and II in domesticated, clinically normal dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius)
Authors: Marzok Mohamed A. , Badawy Adel M. , El‐khodery Sabry A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the normal values and repeatability for Schirmer tear test (STT) in clinically normal dromedary camels and to analyze the influence of the age and gender on these values.Animals studiedThirty clinically normal dromedary camels of different ages (calves, immature, and mature).ProceduresSchirmer tear tests I and II were performed using commercial STT strips. Three measurements were obtained from each eye over three consecutive weeks, and the variance of these measurements was determined.ResultsMean values and coefficient of variation of STT I and STT II for the right and left eyes varied significantly among camel groups (P < 0.05). For STT I, the most frequently recorded values were >14–18, > 22–26, and >30–34 mm/min in calves, immature camels, and mature camels, respectively. For STT II, however, the most frequently recorded values were 7–14, >10–18, and >26–30 mm/min, respectively. The interassay coefficients of variation were 1.7–14.4% and were significantly lower in mature camels than in calves and immature camels (P < 0.05). Age was positively correlated with STT I (r = 0.81) and STT II values (r = 0.88). No significant variations were found between genders.ConclusionsThis preliminary study reports STT I and II values and repeatability in normal dromedary camels. This information may assist veterinary practitioners in complete ophthalmic examinations and in accurate diagnosis of ocular surface diseases affecting the tear film in this species.
Pigment retinopathy in warmblood horses with equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy and equine motor neuron disease
Authors: Finno Carrie J. , Kaese Heather J. , Miller Andrew D. , Gianino Giuliana , Divers Thomas , Valberg Stephanie J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectiveA pigment retinopathy has been reported in adult horses with equine motor neuron disease (EMND) arising from chronic α‐tocopherol (α‐TP) deficiency. A pigment retinopathy has not been identified in horses with neuroaxonal dystrophy/equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy (NAD/EDM) that affects genetically susceptible young horses with α‐TPdeficiency. The objective of this report is to describe, for the first time, a pigment retinopathy in a family of α‐TP‐deficient Warmbloods (WB) with clinically apparentNAD/EDMorEMND.Animals and ProceduresTwenty‐fiveWBhorses from one farm underwent complete neurologic and ophthalmic examinations and serum α‐TPconcentrations were assessed. Two of the most severely ataxic horses were euthanized and postmortem examinations performed.ResultsAlpha‐TPdeficiency was widespread on this farm (22 of 25 horses). Eleven of 25 horses were clinically normal (age range 2–12 years), one had signs ofEMND(6 years of age), 10 had signs of ataxia consistent withNAD/EDM(1–10 years), and two of these were postmortem confirmed concurrentNAD/EDMandEMND. A pigment retinopathy characterized by varying amounts of granular dark pigment in the tapetal retina was observed in four clinically apparentNAD/EDMhorses (two postmortem confirmed concurrentNAD/EDMandEMND) and one horse with clinical signs ofEMND.ConclusionsA pigment retinopathy can be present in young α‐TP‐deficient Warmblood horses with clinical signs ofEMNDas well as those with signs ofNAD/EDM.
Validation of Random Sampling as an Estimation Procedure for Lyme Disease Surveillance in Massachusetts and Minnesota
Authors: Bjork J. , Brown C. , Friedlander H. , Schiffman E. , Neitzel D. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryMany disease surveillance programs, including the Massachusetts Department of Public Health and the Minnesota Department of Health, are challenged by marked increases in Lyme disease (LD) reports. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyse LD reports from 2005 through 2012 to determine whether key epidemiologic characteristics were statistically indistinguishable when an estimation procedure based on sampling was utilized. Estimates of the number of LD cases were produced by taking random 20% and 50% samples of laboratory‐only reports, multiplying by 5 or 2, respectively, and adding the number of provider‐reported confirmed cases. Estimated LD case counts were compared to observed, confirmed cases each year. In addition, the proportions of cases that were male, were ≤12 years of age, had erythema migrans (EM), had any late manifestation of LD, had a specific late manifestation of LD (arthritis, cranial neuritis or carditis) or lived in a specific region were compared to the proportions of cases identified using standard surveillance to determine whether estimated proportions were representative of observed proportions. Results indicate that the estimated counts of confirmed LD cases were consistently similar to observed, confirmed LD cases and accurately conveyed temporal trends. Most of the key demographic and disease manifestation characteristics were not significantly different (P < 0.05), although estimates for the 20% random sample demonstrated greater deviation than the 50% random sample. Applying this estimation procedure in endemic states could conserve limited resources by reducing follow‐up effort while maintaining the ability to track disease trends.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Escherichia coli
S51, a Chicken Isolate Harboring a Chromosomally Encoded
mcr-1
Gene
Authors: Zurfluh Katrin , Tasara Taurai , Poirel Laurent , Nordmann Patrice , Stephan Roger 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

We present the draft genome of
Escherichia coli
S51, a colistin-resistant extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing strain isolated in 2015 from raw chicken meat imported from Germany. Assembly and annotation of this draft genome resulted in a 4,994,918-bp chromosome and revealed a chromosomally encoded
mcr-1
gene responsible for the colistin resistance of the strain.
Serine/Arginine-Rich Splicing Factor 3 and Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A1 Regulate Alternative RNA Splicing and Gene Expression of Human Papillomavirus 18 through Two Functionally Distinguishable
cis
Elements
Authors: Ajiro Masahiko , Tang Shuang , Doorbar John , Zheng Zhi-Ming 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Human papillomavirus 18 (HPV18) is the second most common oncogenic HPV type associated with cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancers. Like other oncogenic HPVs, HPV18 encodes two major (one early and one late) polycistronic pre-mRNAs that are regulated by alternative RNA splicing to produce a repertoire of viral transcripts for the expression of individual viral genes. However, RNA
cis
-regulatory elements and
trans
-acting factors contributing to HPV18 alternative RNA splicing remain unknown. In this study, an exonic splicing enhancer (ESE) in the nucleotide (nt) 3520 to 3550 region in the HPV18 genome was identified and characterized for promotion of HPV18 929^3434 splicing and E1^E4 production through interaction with SRSF3, a host oncogenic splicing factor differentially expressed in epithelial cells and keratinocytes. Introduction of point mutations in the SRSF3-binding site or knockdown of SRSF3 expression in cells reduces 929^3434 splicing and E1^E4 production but activates other, minor 929^3465 and 929^3506 splicing. Knockdown of SRSF3 expression also enhances the expression of E2 and L1 mRNAs. An exonic splicing silencer (ESS) in the HPV18 nt 612 to 639 region was identified as being inhibitory to the 233^416 splicing of HPV18 E6E7 pre-mRNAs via binding to hnRNP A1, a well-characterized, abundantly and ubiquitously expressed RNA-binding protein. Introduction of point mutations into the hnRNP A1-binding site or knockdown of hnRNP A1 expression promoted 233^416 splicing and reduced E6 expression. These data provide the first evidence that the alternative RNA splicing of HPV18 pre-mRNAs is subject to regulation by viral RNA
cis
elements and host
trans
-acting splicing factors.

IMPORTANCE
Expression of HPV18 genes is regulated by alternative RNA splicing of viral polycistronic pre-mRNAs to produce a repertoire of viral early and late transcripts. RNA
cis
elements and
trans
-acting factors contributing to HPV18 alternative RNA splicing have been discovered in this study for the first time. The identified ESS at the E7 open reading frame (ORF) prevents HPV18 233^416 splicing in the E6 ORF through interaction with a host splicing factor, hnRNP A1, and regulates E6 and E7 expression of the early E6E7 polycistronic pre-mRNA. The identified ESE at the E1^E4 ORF promotes HPV18 929^3434 splicing of both viral early and late pre-mRNAs and E1^E4 production through interaction with SRSF3. This study provides important observations on how alternative RNA splicing of HPV18 pre-mRNAs is subject to regulation by viral RNA
cis
elements and host splicing factors and offers potential therapeutic targets to overcome HPV-related cancer.
Normalising and planning for death in residential care: findings from a qualitative focus group study of a specialist palliative care intervention
Authors: Johnston Nikki , Lovell Clare , Liu Wai-Man , Chapman Michael , Forbat Liz 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundImproving access to palliative care for older adults living in residential care is recognised internationally as a pressing clinical need. The integration of specialist palliative care in residential care for older adults is not yet standard practice.ObjectiveThis study aimed to understand the experience and impact of integrating a specialist palliative care model on residents, relatives and staff.MethodsFocus groups were held with staff (n=40) and relatives (n=17). Thematic analysis was applied to the data.ResultsThree major themes were identified. The intervention led to (1) normalising death and dying in these settings, (2) timely access to a palliative care specialist who was able to prescribe anticipatory medications aiding symptom management and unnecessary hospitalisations and (3) better decision-making and planned care for residents, which meant that staff and relatives were better informed about, and prepared for, the resident's likely trajectory.ConclusionsThe intervention normalised death and dying and also underlined the important role that specialists play in providing staff education, timely access to medicines and advance care planning. The findings from our study, and the growing wealth of evidence integrating specialist palliative care in residential care for older adults, indicate a number of priorities for care providers, academics and policymakers. Further work on determining the role of primary and specialist palliative care services in residential care settings is needed to inform service delivery models.
Catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism is associated with increased risk of multiple uterine leiomyomas either positive or negative forMED12exon 2 mutations
Authors: Dzhemlikhanova Lyailya Kh , Efimova Olga A , Osinovskaya Natalia S , Parfenyev Sergey E , Niauri Dariko A , Sultanov Iskender Yu , Malysheva Olga V , Pendina Anna A , Shved Natalia Yu , Ivashchenko Tatyana E , Yarmolinskaya Maria I , Kakhiani Maka I , Gorovaya Ekaterina A , Tkachenko Antonina N , Baranov Vladislav S 
Published: August 2016

AimsTo study the possible association of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)Val158Met polymorphism with multiple and solitary uterine leiomyomas (ULs) and to check whether theCOMTVal/Val genotype is associated withMED12exon 2 mutations in fibroids.MethodsTheCOMTVal158Met allele and genotype frequencies were compared between age-matched women with ULs (n=104) and controls (n=59). Patients with UL were subcategorised by diagnosis of solitary (n=59) or multiple (n=45) fibroids and by the presence of somaticMED12exon 2 mutations in at least one fibroid (n=32) or in neither fibroid (n=26). The association ofCOMTVal/Val genotype with the presence of any ULs, solitary/multiple ULs and ULs positive/negative forMED12exon 2 mutations was evaluated by χ2tests using a dominant genotype model (G/G vs G/A+A/A) and expressed as ORs and 95% CIs.ResultsTheCOMTVal/Val genotype frequency did not differ between the patients with UL and the controls (28.8% vs 18.6%, p=0.149, OR 1.77; CI 0.81 to 3.86). However, it was significantly higher in the patients who had multiple UL compared with the solitary UL (40% vs 20.3%, p=0.028, OR 2.61; CI 1.09 to 6.24) and to the controls (40% vs 18.6%, p=0.016, OR 2.91; CI 1.20 to 7.06). No association of theCOMTVal/Val genotype with UL-specificMED12exon 2 mutations was found (p=0.662, OR 0.77; CI 0.23 to 2.53).ConclusionsWomen withCOMTVal/Val genotype are at high risk of developing multiple uterine fibroids either positive or negative forMED12exon 2 mutations. These data are important to design new strategies for UL prophylaxis and treatment.
Role of endothelin in microvascular dysfunction following percutaneous coronary intervention for non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes: a single-centre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Guddeti Raviteja R , Prasad Abhiram , Matsuzawa Yasushi , Aoki Tatsuo , Rihal Charanjit , Holmes David , Best Patricia , Lennon Ryan J , Lerman Lilach O , Lerman Amir 
Published: August 2016

ObjectivesPercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndromes frequently fails to restore myocardial perfusion despite establishing epicardial vessel patency. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor, and its expression is increased in atherosclerosis and after PCI. In this study, we aim to define the role of endothelin in regulating coronary microvascular blood flow and myocardial perfusion following PCI in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTACS), by assessing whether adjunctive therapy with a selective endothelin A (ETA) receptor antagonist acutely improves postprocedural coronary microvascular blood flow.MethodsIn a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, 23 NSTACS patients were enrolled to receive an intracoronary infusion of placebo (n=11) or BQ-123 (n=12) immediately before PCI. Post-PCI coronary microvascular blood flow and myocardial perfusion were assessed by measuring Doppler-derived average peak velocity (APV), and cardiac biomarker levels were quantified.ResultsCompared with the placebo group, APV was significantly higher in the drug group immediately after PCI (30 (20, 37) vs 19 (9, 26) cm/s; p=0.03). Hyperaemic APV, measured post-adenosine administration, was higher in the BQ-123 group, but the difference did not achieve statistical significance (56 (48, 72) vs 46 (34, 64) cm/s; p=0.090). Maximum coronary flow reserve postprocedure was not different between the two groups (2.1 (1.6, 2.3) vs 2.5 (1.8, 3.0)). Per cent change in creatine kinase isoenzyme MB from the time of PCI to 8 and 16 hours post-PCI was significantly lower in the drug group compared with the placebo group (−17 (−26, −10) vs 26 (−15, 134); p=0.02 and −17 (−38, 14) vs 107 (2, 446); p=0.007, respectively).ConclusionsEndothelin is a mediator of microvascular dysfunction during PCI in NSTACS, and adjunctive selective ETAantagonist may augment myocardial perfusion during PCI.Trial registration numberNCT00586820; Results.
Does cardiac rehabilitation favour the young over the old?
Authors: Al Quait Abdulrahman , Doherty Patrick 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundAlthough cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a proven intervention in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity there is concern that CR programme delivery may not yield comparable outcomes across age groups.PurposeThis study sought to determine if the outcomes achieved after completing CR were influenced by age in patients with coronary heart disease.MethodPatients were stratified into 2 age groups: young (18–65 years) and elderly (>65 years). Pre-CR and post-CR assessments were used to compute changes in 9 CR outcomes (body mass index (BMI), waist size, hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, smoking, walking fitness, physical activity, anxiety and depression). Pearson's χ2test was used to examine the association between the age groups and outcome. Data was extracted from the UK National Audit from July 2010 to June 2015.ResultsA total of 203 012 young patients (55.1±7.9 years, 78% male) and 262 813 elderly patients (76.1±6.9 years, 63.9% male) were analysed. Young patients had a better ratio of improvement across a wide range of risk factors in particular smoking cessation (OR=3.3, p<0.001) while elderly patients had a better ratio of improvement in body shape risk factors BMI (OR=1.3, p<0.001), waist size in women (OR=1.3, p=0.016).ConclusionsAge is a significant predictor of outcomes following CR. While elderly patients achieve better outcomes in body shape risk factors, younger patients clearly achieve better outcomes across a wider range of risk factors in particular smoking cessation.
JARID1B Enables Transit between Distinct States of the Stem-like Cell Population in Oral Cancers
Authors: Facompre Nicole D. , Harmeyer Kayla M. , Sole Xavier , Kabraji Sheheryar , Belden Zachary , Sahu Varun , Whelan Kelly , Tanaka Koji , Weinstein Gregory S. , Montone Kathleen T. , Roesch Alexander , Gimotty Phyllis A. , Herlyn Meenhard , Rustgi Anil K. , Nakagawa Hiroshi , Ramaswamy Sridhar , Basu Devraj 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The degree of heterogeneity among cancer stem cells (CSC) remains ill-defined and may hinder effective anti-CSC therapy. Evaluation of oral cancers for such heterogeneity identified two compartments within the CSC pool. One compartment was detected using a reporter for expression of the H3K4me3 demethylase JARID1B to isolate a JARID1Bhigh fraction of cells with stem cell–like function. JARID1Bhigh cells expressed oral CSC markers including CD44 and ALDH1 and showed increased PI3K pathway activation. They were distinguished from a fraction in a G0-like cell-cycle state characterized by low reactive oxygen species and suppressed PI3K/AKT signaling. G0-like cells lacked conventional CSC markers but were primed to acquire stem cell–like function by upregulating JARID1B, which directly mediated transition to a state expressing known oral CSC markers. The transition was regulated by PI3K signals acting upstream of JARID1B expression, resulting in PI3K inhibition depleting JARID1Bhigh cells but expanding the G0-like subset. These findings define a novel developmental relationship between two cell phenotypes that may jointly contribute to CSC maintenance. Expansion of the G0-like subset during targeted depletion of JARID1Bhigh cells implicates it as a candidate therapeutic target within the oral CSC pool. Cancer Res; 76(18); 5538–49. ©2016 AACR.