bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inequities in air pollution on stroke mortality among Older Americans: a U.S. nationwide analysis
Authors: Kabangu Jean-Luc K. , Fowler Danny , Hernandez Amanda , Newsome-Cuby Takara , Joseph Benson , Dugan John , Fry Lane , Bah Momodou G. , Eden Sonia V. 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundAir pollution is a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including stroke. This study examines the impact of county-level air pollution on ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke mortality among U.S. individuals aged 65 and older, emphasizing racial and socioeconomic disparities.MethodsUsing data from the Center for Disease Control (CDC) Interactive Atlas of Heart Disease and Stroke, we analyzed county-level ischemic stroke mortality rates for older residents between 2016 and 2020. The data on air pollution at the county level, specifically particulate matter (PM2.5) levels, were obtained from the CDC. We applied multivariable linear and logistic regression models to examine the association between PM2.5 levels and stroke mortality, as well as the probability of meeting the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) air quality standards.ResultsCounty-level analysis revealed a significant correlation (R = 0.68, R2 = 0.48, p &lt; 0.001) between PM2.5 levels and overall stroke mortality. For every 1 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, there was an increase of 1.89 ischemic stroke deaths per 100,000 residents. Racial and socioeconomic disparities were evident. Counties with predominantly Black populations exhibited a stark disparity, with each 1 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 correlating with a significant rise in mortality, amounting to 5.81 additional deaths per 100,000 residents. Persistently poor counties displayed vulnerability, experiencing a 4.05 increase in ischemic stroke deaths per 100,000 residents for every 1 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 levels. Conversely, in counties with a White majority and counties without a persistent state of poverty, the associated increases in stroke mortality per 100,000 residents for every 1 μg/m3 rise in county-level PM2.5 were 1.85 and 1.60, respectively. Counties with a majority of Black residents were over twice as likely to be non-compliant with EPA air quality standards compared to predominantly White counties (aOR 2.36 95% CI: 1.27–4.38, p = 0.006).ConclusionThis study underscores the significant impact of county-level air pollution, particularly PM2.5, on ischemic stroke mortality among older U.S. residents. Our findings indicate that counties with predominantly Black populations and those experiencing persistent poverty not only suffer from higher mortality rates but also are more likely to be non-compliant with EPA air quality standards. Targeted interventions and policies are urgently needed to reduce air pollution in these vulnerable communities and promote equitable public health outcomes.
Responses of potential double cropping areas expansion and appropriate crop management practices to climate change in northern China
Authors: Wu Xianzhong , Wang Jinxiang , Wu Jiujiang 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionGlobal climate change has led to increases in the temperature and decreases in the number of frost days in northern China, facilitating a shift from a single cropping system (SCS, spring maize) to a double cropping system (DCS, winter wheat-summer maize rotation).MethodsTherefore, under the current climate conditions, DCS expansion should be evaluated, and new planting schemes should be explored. In this paper, we identified the areas with potential for DCS in northern China considering an annual accumulated temperature of &gt;0°C. The World Food Studies simulation model was used to simulate the yield, irrigation requirement (IR), and net income under various crop management conditions when considering the maximum yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of crops.ResultsOur results indicated that the potential DCS area increased by approximately 31.51 × 104 km2 in northern China, with the primary DCS areas being located in the provinces of Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, and Liaoning. Regarding variety selection, winter wheat and summer maize varieties with early and mid-early maturation were found to be favored for the potential DCS areas. The sowing dates corresponding to the maximum WUEs of the crops were later than those corresponding to the maximum yields. In the potential DCS areas, under the maximum yield condition, the average unit total yield, IR, and net income increased to 2700 kg ha−1, 305 mm, and 607 USD ha−1, respectively, whereas under the maximum WUE condition, increases of 2862 kg ha−1, 284 mm, and 608 USD ha−1, respectively, were observed. The average unit total yield of the DCS was 15927 and 13793 kg ha−1 under the maximum yield and maximum WUE condition, respectively.DiscussionOur findings may clarify the effects of climate change on agricultural production patterns and indicate suitable crop management practices.
Combined Effects of Nitrogen Addition and Warming on Shrub Growth and Nutrient Uptake through Microbially Mediated Soil Fertility
Authors: Mao Zhuxin , Li Yang , Chen Siyu , Wang Yuchao , Jing Guanghua , Wei Ying , Shang Huiying , Yue Ming 
Published: September 2024

Plant restoration strategies are ubiquitously employed for the purposes of soil and water conservation and ecological improvement in forest ecosystems. Despite N and temperature being acknowledged as pivotal factors affecting plant restoration outcomes, their effects on soil fertility, microbial communities, and shrub biomass remain underexplored, particularly in the loess hilly regions of China. Here, we examined the growth patterns and nutrient acquisition abilities of three shrub species, Periploca sepium, Amorpha fruticosa, and Vitex negundo, along with the attendant alterations in soil properties and microbial community composition under controlled greenhouse conditions. Specifically, we imposed three levels of N fertilization (200, 400, and 600 kg ha−1; designated as N1, N2, and N3, respectively) and temperature regimes (18–23, 25–30, and 32–37 °C; labeled T1, T2, and T3, respectively). The results indicated a significant interplay between the combination of N fertilization and temperature significantly affecting shrub growth. Optimal growth conditions, as evidenced by the highest dry biomass accumulation, were identified as N3T1 for A. fruticosa, N1T1 for P. sepium, and N2T2 for V. negundo, with these conditions differentially influencing roots, stems, and leaves. Furthermore, soil microorganisms also responded significantly to the N fertilization and temperature. However, this was largely dependent on shrub species and soil nutrients. For A. fruticosa under N3T1 conditions, Actinobacteria and Basidiomycota abundances correlated strongly with soil C, N, and P contents, while leaf N uptake significantly correlated with the structure of both bacterial and fungal communities. For P. sepium at N1T1, Acidobacteriota was dominant in response to soil N and C, while leaf C uptake and leaf and stem N uptake positively correlated with bacterial and fungal communities, respectively. For V. negundo at N2T2, Chloroflexi had the greatest abundance, responding to the greatest variation in soil N and C, while its stem N uptake was significantly related to the structure of the fungal communities. Thus, our findings underscored the intricate interplay between abiotic factors, shrub growth, soil fertility, and microbial community dynamics, providing insights into the optimization of plant restoration efforts in ecologically sensitive regions.
Construction of the First High-Density Genetic Linkage Map and QTL Mapping of Shikimic Acid Content in Liquidambar
Authors: Fan Yingming , Li Hongxuan , Li Ying , Bao Fen , Zhan Dingju , Pang Zhenwu , Zhao Jian , Zhang Jinfeng 
Published: September 2024

High-quality genetic maps are effective tools for elucidating the genetic mechanisms of complex quantitative traits and facilitating marker-assisted breeding. Species within the genus Liquidambar (commonly called sweetgum), particularly Liquidambar styraciflua and Liquidambar formosana, are significant forest resources worldwide. These sweetgum trees have been extensively utilized in medical and cosmetic applications for centuries as they contain large amounts of valuable secondary metabolites. Among these, shikimic acid is a notable metabolite with significant pharmaceutical applications. Despite advances in conventional breeding and propagation techniques for sweetgum, the genetic basis and regulatory mechanisms of valuable traits remain largely unexplored. In this study, we constructed the first high-density genetic map for sweetgum using whole-genome resequencing (WGR) of 220 progeny individuals derived from a cross of L. styraciflua × L. formosana. The genetic map spanned a total distance of 1428.51 centimorgans (cM) with an average inter-marker distance of 0.33 cM, incorporating 4268 bin markers across 16 linkage groups. To identify the genetic loci controlling the shikimic acid content, quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping was carried out based on the genetic map. Two QTLs located on linkage group (LG) 12 were detected, encompassing a total of 213 genes within the QTL interval. Some of these genes are closely related to secondary metabolism in plants, including YUCCA and DXS genes. This study presents the first high-quality genetic map of sweetgum and provides a preliminary QTL analysis for shikimic acid content. Our findings establish a foundational framework for the genetic improvement of sweetgum through marker-assisted breeding and offer valuable insights for further research in sweetgum genetics.
Genome-Wide Identification of the Rehmannia glutinosa miRNA Family and Exploration of Their Expression Characteristics Caused by the Replant Disease Formation-Related Principal Factor
Authors: Gu Li , Lai Yanlin , Zhang Guojun , Yang Yanhui , Zhang Bao , Wang Jianming , Zhang Zhongyi , Li Mingjie 
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: Rehmannia glutinosa, a highly valuable medicinal plant in China, is encountering severe replant disease. Replant disease represents a complex stress driven by multiple principal factors (RDFs), including allelochemicals, microbes, and their interactions. miRNAs are recognized as key regulators of plant response to stresses; however, their specific roles within RDFs are not entirely clear. Methods: This study builds six RDF treatments, comprising R. glutinosa continuously planted (SP), normally planted (NP), and NP treated with ferulic acid (FA), Fusarium oxysporum (FO), and a combination of FA with FO (FAFO). sRNA-seq technology was used to identify crucial miRNAs in response to diverse RDFs. Results: In total, 30 sRNA datasets were generated from the SP, NP, FA, FO, and FAFO samples. A total of 160 known and 41 novel miRNAs (RgmiRNAs) were identified in the R. glutinosa genome based on the sRNA database. Abundance analysis revealed that RgmiRNAs in SP exhibited a distinct expression profile in comparison with others. Of these, 124, 86, 86, and 90 RgmiRNAs were differentially expressed in SP, FA, FO, and FAFO compared with NP. Target analysis indicated that RgmiRNAs downregulated in both SP and RDFs impede the organism growth of R. glutinosa. RgmiRNAs upregulated in SP can disrupt root formation and nutrient metabolism, in which, two RgmiR398 were uniquely expressed in SP. It was confirmed to target RgCSD genes. The expression patterns of RgmiR398 and RgCSD indicated that replant disease induces the oxidative damage of R. glutinosa through RgmiR398. Conclusions: RgmiRNA profiling under RDFs provides a theoretical basis for the further clarification of RgmiRNA function in replant disease.
Reliability Analysis of (n, k)-Bubble-Sort Networks Based on Extra Conditional Fault
Authors: Zhao Lina , Wang Shiying , Dou Feng 
Published: September 2024

Given a graph G=(V(G),V(E)), a non-negative integer g and a set of faulty vertices F⊆V(G), the g-extra connectivity of G, denoted by κg(G), is the smallest cardinality of F, whose value of deletion, if exists, will disconnect G and give each remaining component at least g+1 vertices. The g-extra diagnosability of the graph G, denoted by tg(G), is the maximum cardinality of the set F of fault vertices that the graph can guarantee to identify under the condition that each fault-free component has more than g vertices. In this paper, we determine that g-extra connectivity of (n,k)-bubble-sort network Bn,k is κg(Bn,k)=n+g(k−2)−1 for 4≤k≤n−1 and 0≤g≤n−k. Afterwards, we show that g-extra diagnosability of Bn,k under the PMC model (4≤k≤n−1 and 0≤g≤n−k) and MM* model (4≤k≤n−1 and 0≤g≤min{n−k−1,k−2}) is tg(Bn,k)=n+g(k−1)−1, respectively.
Study of the Thermomechanical Behavior of Single-Crystal and Polycrystal Copper
Authors: Kunda Sudip , Schmelzer Noah J. , Pedgaonkar Akhilesh , Rees Jack E. , Dunham Samuel D. , Lieou Charles K. C. , Langbaum Justin C. M. , Bronkhorst Curt A. 
Published: September 2024

This research paper presents an experimental, theoretical, and numerical study of the thermomechanical behavior of single-crystal and polycrystal copper under uniaxial stress compression loading at varying rates of deformation. The thermomechanical theory is based on a thermodynamically consistent framework for single-crystal face-centered cubic metals, and assumes that all plastic power is partitioned between stored energy due to dislocation structure evolution (configurational) and thermal (kinetic vibrational) energy. An expression for the Taylor–Quinney factor is proposed, which is a simple function of effective temperature and is allowed by second-law restrictions. This single-crystal model is used for the study of single- and polycrystal copper. New polycrystal thermomechanical experimental results are presented at varying strain rates. The temperature evolution on the surface of the polycrystal samples is measured using mounted thermocouples. Thermomechanical numerical single- and polycrystal simulations were performed for all experimental conditions ranging between 10−3 and 5 × 103 s−1. A Taylor homogenization model is used to represent polycrystal behavior. The numerical simulations of all conditions compare reasonable well with experimental results for both stress and temperature evolution. Given our lack of understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the coupling of dislocation glide and atomic vibration, this implies that the proposed theory is a reasonably accurate approximation of the single-crystal thermomechanics.
Differences in PCV13 Recommendation Practices between Pediatric Care Providers and Primary Care Providers in China: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Behavior and Social Drivers
Authors: Dang Yuan , Wang Lin , Liu Yuming , Wang Boyan , Deng Huiwen , Ye Can , Wang Chunping , Huang Yangmu 
Published: September 2024

Objectives: This study examines the recommendation behaviors and influencing factors for the 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV13) among 3579 Chinese healthcare workers (HCWs), including 1775 pediatric care providers (Peds-PCPs) and 1804 primary care providers (PCPs). Data were collected from May to July 2023 through a national cross-sectional survey using a structured questionnaire, distributed across hospitals providing pediatric services in five provincial-level administrative divisions. Methods: The sociodemographic data, vaccine knowledge, and recommendation practices were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test, Wilcoxson rank-sum test, and multivariate logistic regression. Results show that while PCPs are more likely to recommend PCV13, vaccine hesitancy persists among Peds-PCPs. Logistic regression revealed that higher influenza vaccination intention, salary, vaccine consultation frequency, familiarity with immunization, work ethic, and flexible schedules positively impacted HCWs’ recommendation behavior. Results: Factors influencing Peds-PCPs’ recommendations include vaccine training (OR: 1.470, CI: 1.049–2.509), safety recognition (OR: 1.986, CI: 1.163–3.391), concern over rejection (OR = 1.274, CI: 1.076–1.508) and vaccine cost (OR = 1.203, CI: 1.023–1.414). For PCPs, influencing factors were the perceived susceptibility of children to pneumonia (OR = 2.185, CI: 1.074–4.445), acceptance of herd immunity (OR: 1.717, CI: 1.101–2.677), and belief that parents with better family conditions are more likely to accept vaccine recommendations (OR = 1.229, CI: 1.024–1.477). Conclusion: This survey underscores the need for tailored interventions to address differing perceptions and enhance confidence in the safety and efficacy of vaccines among HCWs, particularly Peds-PCPs.
GENES BRCA1 E BRCA2 COMO BIOMARCADORES EM CARCINOMAS MAMÁRIOS CANINOS – REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Goneli Wichert Teodoro Tamires , Coppini de Lima Heloísa , Laufer Amorim Renée 
Published: September 2024

Os carcinomas mamários caninos são a neoplasia mais comumente diagnosticada em cadelas não castradas, e são a segunda neoplasia mais comumente encontrada dentre todas as neoplasias em cães. Assim como observado em tumores de mama em humanos, os tumores mamários malignos em cadelas possuem uma incidência de alta morbidade e mortalidade nos animais acometidos. Além da semelhança epidemiológica com dados encontrados na literatura humana sobre neoplasias mamárias, os tumores mamários caninos também possuem alta similaridade histopatológica e de fisiopatogenia. Os carcinomas mamários caninos possuem desenvolvimento multifatorial, os quais podem estar associados a raça, idade, status de castração do animal e, também, fatores genéticos. Os genes BRCA1 e BRCA2, quando mutados, têm grande importância na formação de tumores de mama em humanos e cães. Estes são genes com função importante na manutenção da estabilidade genômica. Devido a alta semelhança desta enfermidade entre a espécie canina e humana, é possível estudar a utilização de biomarcadores humanos para medicina veterinária. Mutações nos genes BRCA1 e BRCA2 são alvos de uso como biomarcadores bem definidos e estabelecidos para tumores de mama e de cérvix em mulheres, o seu uso tem relevância na medicina veterinária, assim como é observado na literatura humana. Com esta revisão, ressalta-se que é notório o potencial do uso dos genes BRCA1 e BRCA2 como biomarcadores para carcinomas mamários caninos a partir de estudos já existentes, porém, ainda são necessários mais estudos abordando esta temática.
THE IMPACT OF E-COMMERCE LIVE STREAMERS' PROFESSIONALISM ON CONSUMERS' PURCHASING INTENTIONS
Authors: Zhang Ruisi 
Published: September 2024

In the digital age, e-commerce livestreamers have notably impacted consumer purchasing behavior. This study investigates how their professionalism affects consumers' purchase intentions, focusing on the mediating role of perceived value and the moderating role of virtual touch. We collected the data from 559 consumers using a questionnaire survey and analyzed it using structural equation modeling and multiple linear regression. The findings reveal that e-commerce livestreamers’ professionalism significantly enhances consumers' purchase intentions and perceived value. Perceived value, in turn, positively impacts purchase intentions. Moreover, perceived value mediates the relationship between livestreamers' professionalism and purchase intentions, while virtual touch positively moderates the link between professionalism and perceived value. This study demonstrates that livestreamers’ professionalism directly boosts consumers' purchase intentions and indirectly does so by increasing perceived value. Additionally, virtual touch strengthens the positive effect of livestreamers’ professionalism on perceived value, further encouraging consumer purchasing behavior. This research enriches the theoretical foundation of consumer behavior in e-commerce and offers practical insights for e-commerce platforms and livestreamers.
FRACTURE POROSITY IN ALABASTER; AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF ROCK DEFORMATION
Authors: Boyd J. M. , Currie J. B. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Experimental deformation of alabaster furnishes useful observations concerning fracture development in a mineral aggregate. Study of deformed samples demonstrates that one or more types of fracturing can combine with kink-band development and other features to define the deformation mode that typifies a given range of confining pressure. Cluster analysis is used to delineate objectively the grouping of deformation features which constitutes the deformation mode.
A comparison of experimentally determined values of differential stress at the linear elastic limit with computed values of the stress necessary to extend “Griffith” cracks suggests that microfracturing terminates purely elastic deformation at both low and high confining pressure. Detailed study of grain-boundary fractures indicates that in alabaster this particular type of deformation feature attains maximum development at relatively low levels of confining pressure and strain.
DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENTS BEARPAW-HORSESHOE CANYON (UPPER CRETACEOUS) TRANSITION ZONE DRUMHELLER “BADLANDS,” ALBERTA
Authors: Shepheard W. W. , Hills L. V. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The transition zone sediments between the Upper Cretaceous Bearpaw and Horseshoe Canyon Formations in the Drumheller area form part of a major regressive sequence laid down in late Campanian time over central and southern Alberta. During this time, the shoreline of the Bearpaw Sea was forced further to the east with a buildup of continental sediments along the margins. Within the present study area, located about 10 mi. southeast of Drumheller along the Red Deer River, six separate units can be recognized in the transition zone deposits, representing: prodelta and delta front; distributory channel; beach and interdistributary bay; mudflat; open bay; and lower floodplain environments of an ancient deltaic complex. Sedimentation occurred relatively rapidly in an unstable environment, with constantly shifting streams the primary agent of transportation and deposition of sediment.
The interpretations of environment and depositional processes were based on a detailed sedimentological analysis of lithology, bed morphology, sedimentary structures and vertical sequences present in the deposits. Grain size distributions, determined for the sands, in combination with sedimentary structures, showed the sediments to have been dominantly deposited under low energy conditions. A factor analysis of the grain size data produced four factors which were related to specific levels within the flow regime. Petrographic examination of the sands provided information on the source material and character of the sediment.
Information sampling differences supporting superior face identity processing ability
Authors: Dunn James D. , Miellet Sebastien , White David 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFace recognition in humans is often cited as a model example of perceptual expertise that is characterized by an increased tendency to process faces as holistic percepts. However emerging evidence across different domains of expertise points to a critical role of feature-based processing strategies during the initial encoding of information. Here, we examined the eye-movement patterns of super-recognisers—individuals with extremely high face identification ability compared with the average person—using gaze-contingent “spotlight” apertures that restrict visual face information in real time around their point of fixation. As an additional contrast, we also compared their performance with that of facial examiners—highly trained individuals whose superiority has been shown to rely heavily on featural processing. Super-recognisers and facial examiners showed equivalent face matching accuracy in both spotlight aperture and natural viewing conditions, suggesting that they were equally adept at using featural information for face identity processing. Further, both groups sampled more information across the face than controls. Together, these results show that the active exploration of facial features is an important determinant of face recognition ability that generalizes across different types of experts.