bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La medida de la originalidad en las respuestas del test CREA
Authors: Elisondo Romina Cecilia , Donolo Danilo Silvio , Limiñana-Gras Rosa María 
Published: January 2018

<p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The aim was to study a new scoring procedure for the CREA Test, complementary to the traditional, that considers the originality of the productions. The new procedure and corresponding analyzes were defined for three groups (children, adolescents and adults) and for the three stimuli of the CREA. The sample included 505 participants (188 children, 108 adolescents and 209 adults) living in Cordoba, Argentina. The new procedure included three categories of questions: <em>very frequent</em>, <em>frequent </em>and <em>unique</em>, each categories had different scoring. A descriptive analysis of typologies and a correlational analysis of the scores were performed according to the two procedures. Also, the paper presented a case study of people asking unique questions. The results showed very high consistency of measurements and correlations between two procedures for the three groups and the three stimuli. There were significant associations between the levels of creativity defined by both procedures. The unique questions represented between 1 and 4% of the total, stimulus A is the one that most promotes the formulation of unique questions. The authors proposed to use of the alternative system in groups that obtain low scores with the traditional system and when a differential analysis of the originality is required. Authors discussed theoretically relations between quantity and originality and proposed future lines of research.</span></span></p>
Análisis del comportamiento alimentario y sus factores psicológicos en población universitaria no obesa
Authors: López Morales José Luis 
Published: January 2018

<p>The eating beahaviour of obese population can be influenced by various psychological factors such us eating restriction, lack of control or emotional eating. Although in most ocassions this variables have been studied in obese population, the aim of this study is to evaluate the relations between this factors with eating behaviour in non-obese population and relate this behaviour with Edorexia Syndrome. A battery of psychological tests was applied to 75 students of Murcia University, this battery consisted of the Edorexia Syndrome Questionnaire, Big Five Personality Questionnaire and the Coping Response Inventory (CRI-A). The results showed how the Edorexia Syndrome was related with a dicrease in emotional stability, emotional control and positive reevaluation as well as an increase in acceptance and resignation. In addition, people with Edorexia Syndrome were related to dieting, food deprivation, exercising and consumption without needing. This results are explained by the Five Ways Theory (Macht, 2008) which relates the lack of skills to cope with emotions with the uncontrollable abuse of food.</p>
Navigating the challenges of medical English education: a novel approach using computational linguistics
Authors: Gayle Alberto A 
Published: January 2018

Recent studies have shown that International medical graduates (IMG) comprise a substantial and increasingly larger share of the medical workforce, internationally. IMGs wishing to work in English-speaking countries face many challenges. And overcoming such challenges plays an important role in ensuring a more comfortable transition and improved outcomes for patients. This study addresses one such area of concern: the efficient acquisition of advanced language competence for use in the medical workplace. This research also addresses the needs of medical students and practitioners in other countries, where English is not the primary language. Medical terminology and phrasing is based on a tradition spanning more than 2500 years—a tradition that cuts across typical linguistic and cultural boundaries. Indeed, as is commonly understood, the language required by doctors and other medical professionals varies substantially from the norm. In the present study, this dynamic is exploited to identify and characterize the language and patterns of usage specific to medical English, as it is used in practice and reporting. Overall, constructions comprised of preposition-dependent nouns, verbs and adjectives were found to be most prevalent (38%), followed by prepositional phrases (33%). The former includes constructions such as “present with”, “present to”, and “present in”; while constructions such as “of … patient”, “in … group”, and “with … disease” comprise the latter. Preposition-independent noun and verb-based constructions were far less prevalent overall (18% and 5%, respectively). Up to now, medical language reference and learning material has focused on relatively uncommon, but essential, Greek and Latin terminology. This research challenges this convention, by demonstrating that medical language fluency would be acquired more efficiently by focusing on prepositional phrases or preposition-dependent verbs, nouns, and adjectives in context. This work should be of high interest to anyone interested in improved communication competence within the English-speaking medical workplace and beyond.
What is already known on this subject :
* International medical graduates make up a substantial portion of the medical workforce
* Imperfect medical English creates challenges for international medical graduates
* Subideal language impacts credibility and has been associated with increased risk to patients
What this paper adds :
* Preposition-dependent terms, following Germanic usage patterns, dominate medical English
* Complex terms derived from Greek and Latin are far less prevalent than assumed
* Medical English learning expected to be expedited by focus on preposition-dependent terms
Systematic literature review on the association between soundscape and ecological/human wellbeing
Authors: Moscoso Paola , Peck Mika , Eldridge Alice 
Published: January 2018

Background. There is an increasing trend of incorporating wellbeing issues into the global sustainable development plans but also into the academic research focus, within fields such as conservation biology and environmental sciences. The role of landscape on human wellbeing has been widely reported, but a comprehensive understanding of the role of soundscape has yet to be explicated. Research on the influences of sound on wellbeing has been conducted across a range of disciplines, but integration of findings is impeded by linguistic and cultural differences across disciplinary boundaries.
Method. This study presents the largest systematic literature review (2379 publications) of research addressing the association between soundscape and human/ecological wellbeing to date. It is divided in two components: 1. rapid visualisation of publication metrics using the software VOS Viewer, and 2. analysis of the categories of wellbeing associated with soundscape using the natural language processing platform, Method52.
Results. The first component presents network diagrams created from keyword searches and cited references (lexical, temporal, spatial and source networks) that explain the origin and evolution of the field, the influences between disciplines and the main contributors to the field. Research on the topic, occurring mostly between 2004 and 2016, evolved from a medical/physiological focus, into technological and psychological/social considerations, and finally into ecological/social research. The evolution of the field was associated with the diversification of terminology and the evolution of new branches of research. Moreover, research appears to have evolved from the study of particular associations between sound and physical health, to an integrative multidimensional field addressing soundscape and wellbeing, across human and non-human species, including ecological based studies. The second component includes a trained classifier that categorizes publications, based on keywords analysis, into three frameworks for understanding the association between soundscape and wellbeing: ‘Human health’, ‘Social and Cultural wellness’ and ‘Ecological integrity’.
Discussion. The methodology used was an effective tool for analysing large collections of data in short periods of time. In order to address the gaps found during the study, it is recommended to increase research conducted by non-western societies and in non-English languages, and the exploration of ecological and sociocultural aspects of wellbeing associated with soundscape.
CSF neurogranin or tau distinguish typical and atypical Alzheimer disease
Authors: Wellington Henrietta , Paterson Ross W. , Suárez‐González Aida , Poole Teresa , Frost Chris , Sjöbom Ulrika , Slattery Catherine F. , Magdalinou Nadia K. , Lehmann Manja , Portelius Eric , Fox Nick C. , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Schott Jonathan M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo assess whether high levels of cerebrospinal fluid neurogranin are found in atypical as well as typical Alzheimer's disease.MethodsImmunoassays were used to measure cerebrospinal fluid neurogranin in 114 participants including healthy controls (n = 27), biomarker‐proven amnestic Alzheimer's disease (n = 68), and the atypical visual variant of Alzheimer's (n = 19) according to international criteria. CSF total‐tau, Aβ42, and neurofilament light concentrations were investigated using commercially available assays. All affected individuals had T1‐weighted volumetric MR images available for analysis of whole and regional brain volumes. Associations between neurogranin, brain volumes, total‐tau, Aβ42, and neurofilament light were assessed.ResultsMedian cerebrospinal fluid neurogranin concentrations were higher in typical and atypical Alzheimer's compared to controls (P < 0.001 and P = 0.005). Both neurogranin and total‐tau concentrations, but not neurofilament light and Aβ42, were higher in typical Alzheimer's compared to atypical patients (P = 0.004 and P = 0.03). There were significant differences in the left hippocampus and right and left superior parietal lobules in atypical patients, which were larger (P = 0.03) and smaller (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001), respectively, compared to typical patients. We found no evidence of associations between neurogranin and brain volumes but a strong association with total‐tau (P < 0.001) and a weaker association with neurofilament light (P = 0.005).InterpretationThese results show significant differences in neurogranin and total‐tau between typical and atypical patients, which may relate to factors other than disease topography. The differential relationships between neurogranin, total‐tau and neurofilament light in the Alzheimer's variants, provide evidence for mechanistically distinct and coupled markers of neurodegeneration.
Stability Analysis and L2‐gain of Switched Neutral Systems with All Unstable Subsystems
Authors: Wang Haiyan , Wu Baowei , Wang Yue‐E 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe stability analysis and L2‐gain for a class of switched neutral systems with all unstable subsystems are investigated in this paper. By constructing the discretized multiple Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional and resorting to the time‐driven switching signals, sufficient conditions for exponential stability and weighted L2‐gain are developed for a class of switched neutral systems, where all subsystems are unstable. It should be pointed out that all the Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional energies are allowed to increase during the running intervals of the active subsystems. Furthermore, all the conditions are formulated in forms of a set of linear matrix inequalities which can be easily solved by using the recently developed interior point method. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Laplace Transform Treatment for Chemical Engineering Systems: Whether to Use 0− or 0+?
Authors: Ahuja Sanjeev , Arya Raj Kumar 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSignificant confusion exists in the standard pedagogical presentations on the issue of 0− and 0+ in the Laplace transform treatment for linear systems. Moreover, and approaches have been shown to yield the same solution, even as the issue has been of resurgent interest in the literature. In this work, the accuracy of the approach over the approach for chemical engineering applications is substantiated. The popular 0− convention of the Laplace transform or the approach are found to be inconsistent and incorrect for some nontrivial chemical process systems. This is due to the fact that their models cannot account for the initialization inconsistency revealed using physical reasoning of the approach. The results are illustrated by two chemical engineering examples. Common issues in the literature are also addressed.
Energy and Exergy Analysis of Power Generation Systems with Chemical Looping Combustion of Coal
Authors: Luo Ming , Yi Yang , Wang Chao , Liu Ke , Pan Jianfeng , Wang Qian 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCoal direct (CD) chemical looping combustion (CLC) and coal gasification (CG) CLC processes are two basic approaches to the application of CLC with coal. Based on these two approaches, two different combined cycle power generation systems were proposed and simulated by using the ASPEN Plus software. The performance of those two combined cycles was evaluated based on energy and exergy analyses. The results indicate that the circulation ratio of the oxygen carrier in the CG‐CLC process is smaller than that in the CD‐CLC process, but the CD‐CLC combined cycle offers advantages of higher net power efficiency, exergy efficiency, and carbon capture efficiency.
High refuge availability on coral reefs increases the vulnerability of reef‐associated predators to overexploitation
Authors: Rogers Alice , Blanchard Julia L. , Newman Steven P. , Dryden Charlie S. , Mumby Peter J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractRefuge availability and fishing alter predator‐prey interactions on coral reefs, but our understanding of how they interact to drive food web dynamics, community structure and vulnerability of different trophic groups is unclear. Here, we apply a size‐based ecosystem model of coral reefs, parameterized with empirical measures of structural complexity, to predict fish biomass, productivity and community structure in reef ecosystems under a broad range of refuge availability and fishing regimes. In unfished ecosystems, the expected positive correlation between reef structural complexity and biomass emerges, but a non‐linear effect of predation refuges is observed for the productivity of predatory fish. Reefs with intermediate complexity have the highest predator productivity, but when refuge availability is high and prey are less available, predator growth rates decrease, with significant implications for fisheries. Specifically, as fishing intensity increases, predators in habitats with high refuge availability exhibit vulnerability to over‐exploitation, resulting in communities dominated by herbivores. Our study reveals mechanisms for threshold dynamics in predators living in complex habitats and elucidates how predators can be food‐limited when most of their prey are able to hide. We also highlight the importance of nutrient recycling via the detrital pathway, to support high predator biomasses on coral reefs.
Low Cost Layer by Layer Construction of CNT/Chitosan Flexible Paper‐based Electrodes: A Versatile Electrochemical Platform for Point of Care and Point of Need Testing
Authors: Figueredo Federico , Jesús González‐Pabón María , Cortón Eduardo 
Published: January 2018

AbstractModification of cellulosic paper with carbon nanotubes (CNT) was studied for the development of electronic and analytical devices. Interesting results were published by using a CNT aqueous solution and the capillary forces of filter paper to make conductive tracks, supercapacitors, potentiometric electrodes and chemometric sensors. In this report, we show for the first time an electrochemical characterization of CNT‐CS‐SDS paper electrodes constructed with an ink containing optimized proportions of multi‐wall CNT, chitosan (CS) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and we compared our data with CNT‐SDS paper electrodes constructed with a previously reported ink. We achieved better reversibility (ΔE=131±14 mV, CVs) and reproducibility (RSD=3.63 %) with CNT‐CS‐SDS paper electrodes, when compared to CNT‐SDS paper electrodes (ΔE=249±7 mV; RSD=6.8 %) used as controls. When electrodes were fold at 90° angle, CNT‐CS‐SDS paper electrodes showed lower RSD than CNT‐SDS paper electrodes, 8.43 % and 21.5 % respectively. These results are in concordance with SEM analysis indicating a dense CS film in CNT‐CS‐SDS paper electrodes. As a proof of concept, we determine dopamine concentration by DPV in the presence of ascorbic and uric acids, the limit of detection calculated was 6.32 μM. Moreover, a bismuth‐film was prepared by in situ plating of Bi into CNT‐CS‐SDS paper electrodes. ASV allowed us to detect Pb in the presence of Bi (10–200 ppb) with a limit of detection of 6.74 ppb.
Increasing Energy Densities of Sulfur Cathodes using Dispersing and Calendering Processes for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Titscher Paul , Schön Patrick , Horst Marcella , Krewer Ulrike , Kwade Arno 
Published: January 2018

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries are nearly ready to be commercialized. However, each material composition has specific challenges regarding its adaption to state of the art production lines of lithium‐ion batteries. The influence of the dispersing and calendering process on the battery performance is investigated with an easy‐to‐implement material approach and a solvent‐based process. The slurry is treated by different dispersing intensities using an extruder and a triple roller mill, which leads to increased energy densities. The coating is calendered to increase the energy density by maintaining the specific capacity. The reactions within the sulfur cathodes are investigated by evaluating the potentials of the upper and lower voltage plateaus. It was determined that the variation of the process parameters leads to a changed reactivity of the polysulfide reactions but not to a shift of the sulfur utilization within the sulfur cathodes. The process parameters influence the pore structure of the cathode, resulting in different sensitivities for higher C‐rates.
Effects of pretreatment during drying on the antioxidant properties and color of selected tomato varieties
Authors: Mwende Rosemary , Owino Willis , Imathiu Samuel 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDrying is essential in lowering the water activity and increasing the shelf stability of perishables. Thus, this study investigated the effect of pretreatment on the retention of the antioxidant properties and color of four tomato varieties; that is, Anna F1, Kilele, Prostar F1, and Riogrande during drying. Prepared quarters were treated by spraying with 0.5% sodium metabisulfate, 0.5% calcium chloride, and distilled water. The quarters were oven dried at 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C to 13% moisture content. Lycopene, β carotene, total phenolics, color, and moisture content were determined in both the fresh and dried samples. Initial moisture content among the four varieties did not differ significantly and ranged between 94.2 and 94.6%. Results showed that the main effects were significant (p < .05) on all measurable variables. Significantly (p < .05) higher retention levels in lycopene, β carotene, total phenolics, and lightness was observed in chemically pretreated samples compared to the control during drying.
Brückenanrampungen auf geokunststoffummantelten Sandsäulen
Authors: Taetz Steffen , Blume Karl‐Heinz , van Keßel Marie‐Therese , Raithel Marc 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIm Rahmen des Neubaus der Bundesautobahn (BAB) A26 zwischen Stade und Hamburg, östlich der Este bis zur Anschlussstelle (AS) Neu Wulmstorf werden auf ca. 5 km Länge im Auftrag der Niedersächsischen Landesbehörde für Straßenbau und Verkehr (Geschäftsbereich Stade) ein Vorbelastungsdamm und mehrere Brückenbauwerke erstellt. Im Bereich der Trasse stehen holozäne, wenig tragfähige Weichschichten über pleistozänen, tragfähigen Sanden an. Aufgrund der geringen Steifig‐ und Scherfestigkeiten dieser Böden in Verbindung mit der vorgezogenen Herstellung der Brückenbauwerke sind im Übergangsbereich der Anrampungen zu den tiefgegründeten Brückenbauwerken besondere Gründungsmaßnahmen erforderlich. Zur Standsicherheitserhöhung, Setzungsreduktion und Konsolidationsbeschleunigung kommt das Bauverfahren Aufgeständerte Gründungspolster (AGP) zum Einsatz. Bei diesem Gründungsverfahren werden geotextilummantelte Sandsäulen (GEC) als Gründungselemente unter einem mit horizontaler Geokunststoffbewehrung verstärkten Bodenpolster angeordnet. Die Bemessung der GEC erfolgt nach den Empfehlungen für den Entwurf und die Berechnung von Erdkörpern mit Bewehrungen aus Geokunststoffen (EBGEO), wobei zusätzliche Nachweise zur Vermeidung von Seitendruckbeanspruchungen auf die Pfahlgründungen der Brückenbauwerke gemäß den Empfehlungen des Arbeitskreises „Pfähle“ erforderlich sind. Die Kontrolle der erforderlichen Konsolidierungsgrade für maßgebende Bauzwischenzustände und Schüttstufen, die Freigabe der weiteren Dammschüttungen und die Festlegung des Zeitpunkts für den Abtrag der temporären Überschüttung erfolgt durch ein geotechnisches, baubegleitendes Messprogramm.
Enhanced Phagocytic Activity of Blood Leukocytes in Athymic Nude Mice
Authors: Holub M , Fornůsek L , Větvička V , Chalupná J 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
After 30-min incubation, blood leukocytes of adult athymic BALB/c nude mice (nu/nu) have a distinctly higher methacrylate or yeast particle uptake than leukocytes of euthymic nu/ + or + / + mice. This permanent enhancement is not due to humoral factors, since the percentage of phagocytosing nu/nu leukocytes increases further in nu/ + littermate's plasma. Also, chronic infection or intraperitoneal immunization causes an additional transitory increase of the percentage of phagocytosing leukocytes and numbers of particles ingested; the phagocytic performance of leukocytes of euthymic mice is raised under these conditions by a greater factor. In fetuses enhanced phagocytosis of nu/nu mice is found only in monocytes. The bulk of ingestion of methacrylate particles is mediated by Fc receptors and significantly more receptors for IgG2B, IgG1, and IgG2A are demonstrable on nu/nu neutrophils; ingestion of particles via these receptors is again higher in nu/nu neutrophils, whereas nu/nu monocytes display a higher uptake via Fc(lgG1) receptors.
Characterization of Cyclic Nucleotide Metabolism During Human Monocyte Differentiation
Authors: O'Dorisio M S , Fertel R , Finkler E , Brooks R , Vassalo L 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide metabolism was studied during human monocyte differentiation. Intracellular cAMP increased 17-fold during in vitro differentiation. This increase was due to an increase in the specific activity of adenylate cyclase and a concomitant decrease in the specific activity of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. Monocyte adenylate cyclase activity was stimulated by guanine nucleotide, prostaglandin E1, isoproterenol, and epinephrine. Macrophage adenylate cyclase demonstrated less responsiveness to guanine nucleotide and was refractory to stimulation by prostaglandin E1, and to β-adrenergic receptor agonists.
In contrast to cAMP, total intracellular cGMP levels remained constant. Guanylate cyclase was found predominately in the cytosol of monocytes. The specific activity of soluble guanylate cyclase decreased during differentiation, while particulate activity increased more than 40-fold. Cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase activity remained stable during monocyte differentiation.
The ratio of cAMP:cGMP increased dramatically from 2:1 in monocytes to 9:1 in macrophages suggesting that cAMP may be an important mediator of differentiation, while cGMP metabolism decreases in the fully differentiated nonproliferating macrophage.