bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carotid atherosclerotic plaque instability and cognition determined by ultrasound-measured plaque strain in asymptomatic patients with significant stenosis
Authors: Dempsey Robert J. , Varghese Tomy , Jackson Daren C. , Wang Xiao , Meshram Nirvedh H. , Mitchell Carol C. , Hermann Bruce P. , Johnson Sterling C. , Berman Sara E. , Wilbrand Stephanie M. 
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVEThis article describes the use of ultrasound measurements of physical strain within carotid atherosclerotic plaques as a measure of instability and the potential for vascular cognitive decline, microemboli, and white matter changes.METHODSAsymptomatic patients with significant (> 60%) carotid artery stenosis were studied for dynamic measures of plaque instability, presence of microemboli, white matter changes, and vascular cognitive decline in comparison with normative controls and premorbid state.RESULTSAlthough classically asymptomatic, these patients showed vascular cognitive decline. The degree of strain instability measured within the atherosclerotic plaque directly predicted vascular cognitive decline in these patients thought previously to be asymptomatic according to classic criteria. Furthermore, 26% of patients showed microemboli, and patients had twice as much white matter hyperintensity as controls.CONCLUSIONSThese data show that physical measures of plaque instability are possible through interpretation of ultrasound strain data during pulsation, which may be more clinically relevant than solely measuring degree of stenosis. The data also highlight the importance of understanding that the definition of symptoms should not be limited to motor, speech, and vision function but underscore the role of vascular cognitive decline in the pathophysiology of carotid atherosclerotic disease.Clinical trial registration no.: NCT02476396 (clinicaltrials.gov)
Orbiting Clouds of Material at the Keplerian Co-rotation Radius of Rapidly Rotating Low-mass WTTs in Upper Sco
Authors: Stauffer John , Cameron Andrew Collier , Jardine Moira , David Trevor J. , Rebull Luisa , Cody Ann Marie , Hillenbrand Lynne A. , Barrado David , Wolk Scott , Davenport James , Pinsonneault Marc 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Using K2 data, we identified 23 very-low-mass members of the ρ Oph and Upper Scorpius star-forming region as having periodic photometric variability not easily explained by well-established physical mechanisms such as star spots, eclipsing binaries, or pulsation. All of these unusual stars are mid-to-late M dwarfs without evidence of active accretion, and with photometric periods generally <1 day. Often the unusual light-curve signature takes the form of narrow flux dips; when we also have rotation periods from star spots, the two periods agree, suggesting that the flux dips are due to material orbiting the star at the Keplerian co-rotation radius. We sometimes see “state-changes” in the phased light-curve morphologies where ∼25% of the waveform changes shape on timescales less than a day; often, the “state-change” takes place immediately after a strong flare. For the group of stars with these sudden light-curve morphology shifts, we attribute their flux dips as most probably arising from eclipses of warm coronal gas clouds, analagous to the slingshot prominences postulated to explain transient Hα absorption features in AB Doradus and other rapidly rotating late-type stars. For another group of stars with somewhat longer periods, we find the short-duration flux dips to be highly variable on both short and long timescales, with generally asymmetric flux-dip profiles. We believe that these flux dips are due to particulate clouds possibly associated with a close-in planet or resulting from a recent collisional event.
The X-Ray and Mid-infrared Luminosities in Luminous Type 1 Quasars
Authors: Chen(陳建廷) Chien-Ting J. , Hickox Ryan C. , Goulding Andrew D. , Stern Daniel , Assef Roberto , Kochanek Christopher S. , Brown Michael J. I. , Harrison Chris M. , Hainline Kevin N. , Alberts Stacey , Alexander David M. , Brodwin Mark , Moro Agnese Del , Forman William R. , Gorjian Varoujan , Jones Christine , Murray Stephen S. , Pope Alexandra , Rovilos Emmanouel 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Several recent studies have reported different intrinsic correlations between the active galactic nucleus (AGN) mid-IR luminosity (

) and the rest-frame 2–10 keV luminosity (L
X) for luminous quasars. To understand the origin of the difference in the observed

relations, we study a sample of 3247 spectroscopically confirmed type 1 AGNs collected from Boötes, XMM-COSMOS, XMM-XXL-North, and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey quasars in the Swift/XRT footprint spanning over four orders of magnitude in luminosity. We carefully examine how different observational constraints impact the observed

relations, including the inclusion of X-ray-nondetected objects, possible X-ray absorption in type 1 AGNs, X-ray flux limits, and star formation contamination. We find that the primary factor driving the different

relations reported in the literature is the X-ray flux limits for different studies. When taking these effects into account, we find that the X-ray luminosity and mid-IR luminosity (measured at rest-frame

, or

) of our sample of type 1 AGNs follow a bilinear relation in the log–log plane:

erg s−1 + (44.60 ± 0.01) for

erg s−1, and

erg s−1 + (44.51 ± 0.01) for

erg s−1. This suggests that the luminous type 1 quasars have a shallower

correlation than the approximately linear relations found in local Seyfert galaxies. This result is consistent with previous studies reporting a luminosity-dependent

relation and implies that assuming a linear

relation to infer the neutral gas column density for X-ray absorption might overestimate the column densities in luminous quasars.
A Chandra X-Ray Census of the Interacting Binaries in Old Open Clusters—Collinder 261
Authors: Vats Smriti , Berg Maureen van den 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We present the first X-ray study of Collinder 261 (Cr 261), which at an age of 7 Gyr is one of the oldest open clusters known in the Galaxy. Our observation with the Chandra X-Ray Observatory is aimed at uncovering the close interacting binaries in Cr 261, and reaches a limiting X-ray luminosity of

(0.3–7 keV) for stars in the cluster. We detect 107 sources within the cluster half-mass radius r

h
, and we estimate that among the sources with

, ∼26 are associated with the cluster. We identify a mix of active binaries and candidate active binaries, candidate cataclysmic variables, and stars that have “straggled” from the main locus of Cr 261 in the color–magnitude diagram. Based on a deep optical source catalog of the field, we estimate that Cr 261 has an approximate mass of 6500 M
⊙, roughly the same as the old open cluster NGC 6791. The X-ray emissivity of Cr 261 is similar to that of other old open clusters, supporting the trend that they are more luminous in X-rays per unit mass than old populations of higher (globular clusters) and lower (the local neighborhood) stellar density. This implies that the dynamical destruction of binaries in the densest environments is not solely responsible for the observed differences in X-ray emissivity.
Fractured (fairy) Tales: In Search of Transformational Spaces in Music Education
Authors: Allsup Randall Everett 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
What is teacher self-knowledge? What does it have to do with biography and our willingness or ability to change? As categories collapse around us, we can scarcely invoke the Socratic injunction “know thyself” without at the same time embracing a life of confusion and contradiction. In this article, I call upon a philosophical stance that is purposefully unfinished, fractured, and fracturing. As the pieces of my life conjoin with yours, I am able—if I so choose—to see the world as if it might be otherwise. Should teachers take up such a posture, we might better understand the contradictions that our students experience as they move between categories, testing and refusing identities. Using assemblage or bricolage as my method, I examine not only the contradictions of my own history as a “failed and not-failing” gay educator, but mixing my stories with others I reflect upon the simple notion that identity claims are less important than the time we spend between these claims. Embracing a life that prolongs these confusions is the path (I think) toward self-transformation.
Acute psychosis as a harbinger of a tumor: A case of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis
Authors: Gleason Tyler J , Donato Anthony J , Poudel Dilli R 
Published: March 2017

An obese but otherwise healthy 22-year-old female presented to the hospital with an episode of acute psychosis. On exam the patient was febrile and had labile systolic blood pressure. Urine drug screen and infectious workup were negative. A CSF Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (Anti-NMDA) receptor antibody was positive. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed hyperintensity in the left hippocampus on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). The patient was started on prednisone, intravenous immunoglobulins, and rituximab. Hospital course was complicated by seizures and autonomic instability, requiring prolonged stay in the ICU. Cognitive, motor, and autonomic function gradually improved with therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis revealed a 3 cm × 3 cm left ovarian teratoma that was removed with oophorectomy. The patient was discharged to rehab hospital for continued treatment and physical therapy.
On Brazilian Austrotinodes Schmid, 1955 (Insecta, Trichoptera, Ecnomidae): new species, new distributional records and an updated checklist
Authors: Dumas Leandro Lourenço , Souza Wagner Rafael M. de , Rocha Isabela Cristina 
Published: March 2017

The genus Austrotinodes contains 55 species, largely distributed in the Neotropics, with a few species occurring in the Australian Region. In Brazil, 10 species have been recorded, mainly in the southern and southeastern regions. Herein, we describe 13 new species from Brazil, all of them named in memory of great Brazilian scientists: Austrotinodes absaberi sp. nov., A. adolfolutzi sp. nov., A. berthalutzae sp. nov., A. chagasi sp. nov., A. costalimai sp. nov., A. cruzi sp. nov., A. donagrazielae sp. nov., A. gusmaoi sp. nov., A. lattesi sp. nov., A. lenti sp. nov., A. santosdumonti sp. nov., A. vanzolinii sp. nov. and A. vitalbrazili sp. nov. Additionally, we give new distribution records for A. amazonensis Flint & Denning, 1989, A. longispinum Thomson & Holzenthal, 2010, A. paraguayensis Flint, 1983 and A. taquaralis Thomson & Holzenthal, 2010. We also provide new diagnoses and illustrations for A. amazonensis and A. paraguayensis, to facilitate identification of those species.
How common and frequent is heterosexual anal intercourse among South Africans? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Owen Branwen N. , Elmes Jocelyn , Silhol Romain , Dang Que , McGowan Ian , Shacklett Barbara , Swann Edith M. , van der Straten Ariane , Baggaley Rebecca F. , Boily Marie‐Claude 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackground: HIV is transmitted more effectively during anal intercourse (AI) than vaginal intercourse (VI). However, patterns of heterosexual AI practice and its contribution to South Africa's generalized epidemic remain unclear. We aimed to determine how common and frequent heterosexual AI is in South Africa.Methods: We searched for studies reporting the proportion practising heterosexual AI (prevalence) and/or the number of AI and unprotected AI (UAI) acts (frequency) in South Africa from 1990 to 2015. Stratified random‐effects meta‐analysis by sub‐groups was used to produce pooled estimates and assess the influence of participant and study characteristics on AI prevalence. We also estimated the fraction of all sex acts which were AI or UAI and compared condom use during VI and AI.Results: Of 41 included studies, 31 reported on AI prevalence and 14 on frequency, over various recall periods. AI prevalence was high across different recall periods for sexually active general‐risk populations (e.g. lifetime = 18.4% [95%CI:9.4–27.5%], three‐month = 20.3% [6.1–34.7%]), but tended to be even higher in higher‐risk populations such as STI patients and female sex workers (e.g. lifetime = 23.2% [0.0–47.4%], recall period not stated = 40.1% [36.2–44.0%]). Prevalence was higher in studies using more confidential interview methods. Among general and higher‐risk populations, 1.2–40.0% and 0.7–21.0% of all unprotected sex acts were UAI, respectively. AI acts were as likely to be condom protected as vaginal acts.Discussion: Reported heterosexual AI is common but variable among South Africans. Nationally and regionally representative sexual behaviour studies that use standardized recall periods and confidential interview methods, to aid comparison across studies and minimize reporting bias, are needed. Such data could be used to estimate the extent to which AI contributes to South Africa's HIV epidemic.
A key role of nuclear factor Y in the refeeding response of fatty acid synthase in adipocytes
Authors: Nishi‐Tatsumi Makiko , Yahagi Naoya , Takeuchi Yoshinori , Toya Naoki , Takarada Ayako , Murayama Yuki , Aita Yuichi , Sawada Yoshikazu , Piao Xiaoying , Oya Yukari , Shikama Akito , Masuda Yukari , Kubota Midori , Izumida Yoshihiko , Matsuzaka Takashi , Nakagawa Yoshimi , Sekiya Motohiro , Iizuka Yoko , Kawakami Yasushi , Kadowaki Takashi , Yamada Nobuhiro , Shimano Hitoshi 
Published: March 2017

Fatty acid synthase (Fasn) is a key component of energy metabolism that is dynamically induced by food intake. Although extensive studies have revealed a number of transcription factors involved in the fasting/refeeding transition of Fasn expression in hepatocytes, much less evidence is available for adipocytes. Using the in vivo Ad‐luc analytical system, we identified the inverted CCAAT element (ICE) around −100 nucleotides in the Fasn promoter as a critical cis‐element for the refeeding response in adipocytes. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation show that nuclear factor Y (NF‐Y) binds to ICE specifically in refeeding states. Notably, the NF‐Y binding to ICE is differently regulated between adipocytes and hepatocytes. These findings provide insights into the specific mechanisms controlling energy metabolism in adipocytes.
A comparison of the ground magnetic responses during the 2013 and 2015 St. Patrick's Day geomagnetic storms
Authors: Xu Z. , Hartinger M. D. , Clauer C. R. , Peek T. , Behlke R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe magnetosphere‐ionosphere system response to extreme solar wind driving conditions depends on both the driving conditions and ionospheric conductivity. Since extreme driving conditions are rare, there are few opportunities to control for one parameter or another. The 17 March 2013 and 17 March 2015 geomagnetic storms driven by coronal mass ejections (CME) provide one such opportunity. The two events occur during the same solar illumination conditions; in particular, both occur near equinox on the same day of the year leading to similar ionospheric conductivity profiles. Moreover, both CMEs arrive at the same time of day leading to similar observing conditions (i.e., ground stations at similar magnetic local time in both events). We examine the ground magnetic response to each CME at a range of latitudes and in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, remote sensing several current systems. There are dramatic differences between the intensity, onset time and occurrence, duration, and spatial structure of the current systems in each case. For example, differing solar wind driving conditions lead to interhemispheric asymmetries in the high‐latitude ground magnetic response during the 2015 storm; these asymmetries are not present in the 2013 storm.
Magnesiumbatterien – ein Aufruf an Synthesechemiker: Elektrolyte und Kathoden dringend gesucht
Authors: Muldoon John , Bucur Claudiu B. , Gregory Thomas 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMagnesiummetall ist ein hervorragendes Anodenmaterial mit einem negativen Reduktionspotential von −2.37 V gegen die Standardwasserstoffelektrode, dessen volumenspezifische Kapazität doppelt so hoch ist wie die von Lithiummetall. Ein Hauptvorteil gegenüber Lithiummetall ist, dass während des Aufladens kein Dendritenwachstum stattfindet. Dieser Aufsatz befasst sich mit aktuellen Entwicklungen bei Elektrolyten und Kathoden, und es werden wesentliche Herausforderungen auf dem Weg zu einer praktikablen Magnesiumbatterie diskutiert.
Enhanced dielectric performances of polypropylene films via polarity adjustment by maleic anhydride‐grafted polypropylene
Authors: Chen Xueqin , Wang Yao , He Dalong , Deng Yuan 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTMaleic anhydride‐grafted polypropylene (MA‐g‐PP) was hybridized with pure PP to form hybrid films with the aim to enhance the dielectric performances of the PP film via polarity adjustment. The changes of microstructure and crystallinity of PP matrix by MA‐g‐PP incorporation were studied, and the polarity change was identified by the surface wettability. The dielectric behaviors of the hybrid films were explored. Increasing polarity of PP film leads to increase in dielectric constant but decrease in breakdown strength, and a balance is achieved in 10 vol % MA‐g‐PP/PP hybrid film, with the maximum discharge energy density reaching 1.96 J cm−3 and charge–discharge efficiency as high as 96%. The ultralow loss is attributed to the dense and homogeneous microstructure together with increased crystallinity induced by incorporation of MA‐g‐PP. These PP‐based films with increased polarity not only show enhanced dielectric performances but also provide a type of matrix that would be compatible with polar fillers to further increase dielectric properties. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45029.
Building Information Modeling – Umsetzung in der Tragwerksplanung
Authors: Kepplin Ragna , Schnellenbach‐Held Martina , Held Markus 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMit Building Information Modeling (BIM) wird der Planungsprozess von Bauprojekten grundlegend verändert. Dies bedeutet für alle Planungsbeteiligten, sich mit neuen Arbeitsprozessen und neuen Softwaretools vertraut zu machen. Grundlage für die neue Arbeitsmethode bilden ein dreidimensionales geometrisches Gebäudemodell und die daraus zur Verfügung stehenden Gebäudedaten.In der Tragwerksplanung ermöglicht spezielle, für den BIM‐Planungsprozess entwickelte Software eine automatisierte Überführung des geometrischen Gebäudemodells über ein analytisches Modell in ein Berechnungsmodell. Logische Folge dieses Arbeitsprozesses ist die Nutzung des dreidimensionalen Berechnungsmodells für den statischen Nachweis. Der Einsatz von 3‐D‐Statik‐Software in der Praxis ist bereits zu verzeichnen.Im Rahmen wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen wurden für Gebäude aus dem Hochbau dreidimensionale Gebäudemodelle entsprechend dem BIM‐Planungsprozess erstellt und ganzheitlich bemessen. In diesem Beitrag werden auf Basis der gesammelten Erfahrungen Defizite aufgezeigt, die bei der automatisierten Ableitung und Detaillierung des dreidimensionalen analytischen Modells und Berechnungsmodells sowie bei der Nutzung des 3‐D‐Modells in der Statik auftreten. Darüber hinaus werden Möglichkeiten, Intelligente Methoden in diesen Arbeitsprozess zu implementieren, dargelegt.
Identification and characterization of the Luc2‐type luciferase in the Japanese firefly, Luciola parvula, involved in a dim luminescence in immobile stages
Authors: Bessho‐Uehara Manabu , Oba Yuichi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNocturnal Japanese fireflies, Luciola parvula, emit from their lanterns a yellow light, one of the most red‐shifted colors found among fireflies. Previously, we isolated and characterized two different types of luciferase gene, Luc1 and Luc2, from the fireflies Luciola cruciata and Luciola lateralis; Luc1 is responsible for the green–yellow luminescence of larval and adult lanterns, whereas Luc2 is responsible for the dim greenish glow of eggs and pupal bodies. The biological role of firefly lanterns in adults is related to sexual communication, but why the eggs and pupae glow remains uncertain. In this study, we isolated the gene Luc2 from L. parvula, and compared its expression profiles and enzymatic characteristics with those of Luc1. A semi‐quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that Luc1 was predominantly expressed in larvae, prepupae, pupae and adults, whereas Luc2 was expressed in eggs, prepupae, pupae and adult females. Enzymatic analyses showed that the luminescent color of Luc1 matches the visual sensitivity of L. parvula eyes, whereas that of Luc2 is very different from it. These results suggest that the biological role of Luc2 expressed in immobile stages is not intraspecific communication.
Differentiation between sources of mechanoluminescence and acoustic emission in impact‐loaded ZnSe and ZnS ceramics
Authors: Chmel Alexandre , Dunaev Anatolij , Shcherbakov Igor 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDuctile semiconductor ceramics ZnSe and ZnS were damaged by a falling weight, and the time series of mechanoluminescence (ML) and acoustic emission (AE) pulses were recorded with the nanosecond resolution. The ML lighting appeared in the instance of shock but the AE generation emerged with a delay of 50–100 μsec; however, the maxima of the light and sound emissions coincided in time. This difference in temporal profiles was explained by the difference in prevailing sources of emissions of two types. The detected luminescence in A2B6 compounds was excited, mainly, by moving and multiplying dislocations, while the sound was generated by nucleating and growing cracks. The statistical analysis showed that at the stage of pre‐failure deformation, the ensemble of dislocations exhibited a trend to self‐organizing; the cracking was fully random. The effect of intergranular boundaries on the dislocation motion manifested itself in the statistics of mechanoluminescence generation.
Basic taste processing recruits bilateral anteroventral and middle dorsal insulae: An activation likelihood estimation meta‐analysis of fMRI studies
Authors: Yeung Andy Wai Kan , Goto Tazuko K. , Leung Wai Keung 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackground and PurposeNumerous task‐based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have reported the locations of basic taste representations in the human brain, but they usually employed a limited number of subjects (<20) with different methodologies and stimuli. Moreover, the reported brain regions were sometimes inconsistent. Thus, we aimed at performing a meta‐analysis of the published data to identify locations consistently activated across studies, and performed a connectivity analysis to reveal how these taste processing regions connect with other brain regions.Materials and MethodsA meta‐analysis was performed based on 34 experiments, with 238 total participants in 16 studies, to establish the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) of taste‐mediated regional activation. Meta‐analytic connectivity modeling (MACM) and data stored in BrainMap database were employed to reveal the functional connectivity of the regions identified by ALE with other brain regions, across all types of experiments that caused activation among healthy subjects.ResultsALE identified nine activated clusters in bilateral anteroventral and middle dorsal insulae, bilateral thalamus and caudate, bilateral pre‐/postcentral gyrus, and right hippocampus. The concurrence between studies was moderate, with at best 38% of experiments contributed to the significant clusters activated by taste stimulation. Sweet taste was the predominant contributing taste. MACM revealed that at least 50% of the nine clusters coactivated with the middle cingulate cortex, medial frontal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, and putamen.ConclusionResults suggested that fMRI studies have reported reproducible patterns of activations across studies. The basic taste stimulations resulted in activations in a mostly bilateral network. Moreover, they were connected with cognitive and emotional relevant brain regions.