bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Effects of Crocin Nanoparticles Alone or in Combination with Doxorubicin against Hepatocellular Carcinoma In vitro
Authors: Basuony Noha S. , Mohamed Tarek M. , Beltagy Doha M. , Massoud Ahmed A. , Elwan Mona M. 
Published: October 2024

Objective:
Crocin (CRO), the primary antioxidant in saffron, is known for its anticancer properties.
However, its effectiveness in topical therapy is limited due to low bioavailability, poor absorption, and low physicochemical
stability. This study aimed to prepare crocin nanoparticles (CRO-NPs) to enhance their pharmaceutical
efficacy and evaluate the synergistic effects of Cro-NPs with doxorubicin (DOX) chemotherapy on two cell
lines: human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) and non-cancerous cells (WI38).

Methods:
CRO-NPs were prepared using the emulsion diffusion technique and characterized by transmission
electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Zeta potential, and Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy (FT-IR). Cell proliferation inhibition was assessed using the MTT assay for DOX, CRO, CRO-NPs,
and DOX+CRO-NPs. Apoptosis and cell cycle were evaluated by flow cytometry, and changes in the expression
of apoptotic gene (P53) and autophagic genes (ATG5 & LC3) were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain
reaction.

Results:
TEM and SEM revealed that CRO-NPs exhibited a relatively spherical shape with an average size of 9.3
nm, and zeta potential analysis indicated better stability of CRO-NPs compared to native CRO. Significantly
higher antitumor effects of CRO-NPs were observed against HepG2 cells (IC50 = 1.1 mg/ml and 0.57 mg/ml)
compared to native CRO (IC50 = 6.1 mg/ml and 3.2 mg/ml) after 24 and 48 hours, respectively. Annexin-V assay
on HepG2 cells indicated increased apoptotic rates across all treatments, with the highest percentage observed in
CRO-NPs, accompanied by cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Furthermore, gene expression analysis showed
upregulation of P53, ATG5, and LC3 genes in DOX/CRO-NPs co-treatment compared to individual treatments.
In contrast, WI38 cells exhibited greater sensitivity to DOX toxicity but showed no adverse response to CRONPs.

Conclusion:
Although more in vivo studies in animal models are required to corroborate these results, our findings
suggest that CRO-NPs can be a potential new anticancer agent for hepatocellular carcinoma. Moreover, they
have a synergistic effect with DOX against HepG2 cells and mitigate the toxicity of DOX on normal WI38 cells.
Development and Prospect of Space Debris Protection Structures for Spacecraft
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Li Tianyu , Lu Shuai , Zhou Enwen 
Published: October 2024

Background:
As the pace of human conquest of space continues to accelerate, the number
of spacecraft carrying out various activities in space continues to increase, so that the available orbital
space continues to decrease, the amount of space debris continues to increase, and thus the
probability of orbiting spacecraft being impacted by space debris is also increasing. Research on the
development of protective structures in the current state is conducive to improving the protection
performance of spacecraft protective structures against space debris, reducing the occurrence of
spacecraft disintegration events and spacecraft collision events, and may also promote the development
of many fields through the development of new technologies.

Aim:
Through the latest application and development of spacecraft, the advantages and disadvantages
of various protection structures are summarized, and the development trend of academic
and aerospace protection engineering is analyzed.

Methods:
Through the latest representative patent research methods for spacecraft space debris, research
content, and creative structure, the principle and characteristics of the protective structure are
demonstrated.

Results:
By comparing the application of different spacecraft space debris protection structures, the
existing problems of the current protection structures are listed, and the potential development paths
and research topics are put forward

Conclusion:
The development of aerospace, military, and other industries benefit from the development
of protective structures, and the composite spacecraft space debris protection structures have
broad development prospects.
Multiple Criteria-Based Intelligent Techniques for Efficient Handover in Next-Generation Networks
Authors: Pahal Sudesh , Nandal Priyanka , Gupta Nidhi , Sehrawat Neetu 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Several wireless technologies are assumed to be operating in cooperation
for next-generation networks. These networks offer various services to mobile users; however, efficient
handover between different networks is the most challenging task in high mobility scenarios.
The traditional signal strength-based handover algorithms are not able to cope with mobile users'
high-quality requirements.

Methods:
In this paper, multiple criteria-based intelligent techniques are proposed to deal with inefficiencies
related to handover. This technique makes use of artificial neural networks that take multiple
parameters as inputs in order to predict the degradation of parameters. These predictions are
further used to design rules for initiating handover procedures prior to service quality degradation.

Results:
Based on the prediction results obtained by deep neural networks, the handover decisions
are recommended according to the type of application: conversational or streaming.

Conclusion:
The simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method as there is an
improvement of up to 40% and 25% in terms of handover rate and service disruption time, respectively,
with an acceptable prediction error of 0.05.
Comparing Health Anxiety and Social Exclusion in the Elderlies and Adults Referring to the Veterans Foundation in COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ranjbar Kouchaksaraei Sajjad , Vizeshfar Fatemeh , Ghaemmaghami Parvin , Abbasi Fatemeh 
Published: October 2024

Objective:
Covid-19 pandemic is a global challenge negatively affecting various aspects
of health of different age groups. One of the groups involved with the psychological challenges of
Covid-19 were the veterans and their families. So, this study was conducted to compare the health
anxiety and social exclusion in elderlies and youths referring to the Veteran Foundation in Covid-19
pandemic.

Methods:
This descriptive study was conducted on 114 clients of the Veterans Foundation in order to
compare the health anxiety and social exclusion in the elderlies and adults referring to Veterans
Foundation in the Covid-19 pandemic. The participants were collected through convenience sampling.
Data were collected using demographic, health anxiety and social exclusion questionnaires.

Results:
In the comparison of social exclusion and its sub-dimensions, the variables of Out-group
social support, participation and shame have a significant difference (P<0.05) and the average of outgroup
support in the adults is more than in the elderlies, while the average of participation and social
shame is higher in the elderlies than the adults. There is an inverse and significant correlation between
the indicators of social relations, participation and the total social exclusion with health anxiety
in youths (P<0.05).

Conclusion:
Given the risks of social exclusion on the physical and mental health of the elderlies
and its correlation with health anxiety, it seems that, more attention should be paid to the effects of
the disease on the mental and social health of the elderlies in Covid-19 prevention programs.
Gamified mHealth System for Evaluating Upper Limb Motor Performance in Children: Cross-Sectional Feasibility Study
Authors: Mia Md Raihan , Ahamed Sheikh Iqbal , Nemanich Samuel 
Published: October 2024

Background
Approximately 17% of children in the United States have been diagnosed with a developmental or neurological disorder that affects upper limb (UL) movements needed for completing activities of daily living. Gold-standard laboratory assessments of the UL are objective and precise but may not be portable, while clinical assessments can be time-intensive. We developed MoEvGame, a mobile health (mHealth) gamification software system for the iPad, as a potential advanced technology to assess UL motor functions.

Objective
This feasibility study examines whether MoEvGame can assess children’s whole-limb movement, fine motor skills, manual dexterity, and bimanual coordination. The specific aims were to (1) design and develop novel mHealth gamified software tools to examine theory-driven features of UL movement, (2) analyze spatiotemporal game data with new algorithms and statistical techniques to quantify movement performance as a parameter of speed, accuracy, and precision, and (3) validate assessment methods with healthy participants from schools.

Methods
Elementary school children (N=31, median 9.0, IQR 4.0-14.0 years old) participated by playing 5 games. The game tasks were focused on key features of skilled motor control: (1) whole limb reaching, (2) fine motor control and manual dexterity, and (3) bilateral coordination. Spatiotemporal game data were transferred and stored in a cloud-based data management server for further processing and analysis. We applied change point detection (ie, the pruned exact linear time method), signal processing techniques, and other algorithms to calculate movement speed and accuracy from spatiotemporal parameters. Different statistical methods (ie, Pearson correlation, mean, standard deviation, P value, 95% confidence interval) were used to compare speed-accuracy tradeoffs and evaluate the relationship between age and motor performance.

Results
A negative correlation was identified between speed and accuracy in the whole limb movement (r=–0.30 to –0.42). Significant relationships between age and upper limb performance were found: older participants exhibited lower errors with faster completion times compared to younger participants. Significant differences in bimanual coordination were found related to phase synchronization (in-phase congruent [mean 28.85, SD 18.97] vs antiphase congruent [mean 112.64, SD 25.82] and in-phase mirrored [mean 23.78, SD 16.07] vs antiphase mirrored [mean 121.39, SD 28.19]). Moreover, the average speed (revolutions per second) and travel distance (m) of the in-phase mode were significantly higher than those of the antiphase coordination.

Conclusions
Results of this feasibility study show that spatiotemporal data captured from the mHealth app can quantify motor performance. Moving beyond traditional assessments, MoEvGame incorporates gamification into ubiquitous and accessible technology as a fast, flexible, and objective tool for UL motor assessment.
Digital Health Innovations for Screening and Mitigating Mental Health Impacts of Adverse Childhood Experiences: Narrative Review
Authors: White Brianna M , Prasad Rameshwari , Ammar Nariman , Yaun Jason A , Shaban-Nejad Arash 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Exposures to both negative and positive experiences in childhood have proven to influence cardiovascular, immune, metabolic, and neurologic function throughout an individual’s life. As such, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) could have severe consequences on health and well-being into adulthood.

Objective
This study presents a narrative review of the use of digital health technologies (DHTs) and artificial intelligence to screen and mitigate risks and mental health consequences associated with ACEs among children and youth.

Methods
Several databases were searched for studies published from August 2017 to August 2022. Selected studies (1) explored the relationship between digital health interventions and mitigation of negative health outcomes associated with mental health in childhood and adolescence and (2) examined prevention of ACE occurrence associated with mental illness in childhood and adolescence. A total of 18 search papers were selected, according to our inclusion and exclusion criteria, to evaluate and identify means by which existing digital solutions may be useful in mitigating the mental health consequences associated with the occurrence of ACEs in childhood and adolescence and preventing ACE occurrence due to mental health consequences. We also highlighted a few knowledge gaps or barriers to DHT implementation and usability.

Results
Findings from the search suggest that the incorporation of DHTs, if implemented successfully, has the potential to improve the quality of related care provisions for the management of mental health consequences of adverse or traumatic events in childhood, including posttraumatic stress disorder, suicidal behavior or ideation, anxiety or depression, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Conclusions
The use of DHTs, machine learning tools, natural learning processing, and artificial intelligence can positively help in mitigating ACEs and associated risk factors. Under proper legal regulations, security, privacy, and confidentiality assurances, digital technologies could also assist in promoting positive childhood experiences in children and young adults, bolstering resilience, and providing reliable public health resources to serve populations in need.
Exploring the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions of Hospital Staff and Patients on Environmental Sustainability in the Operating Room: Quality Improvement Survey Study
Authors: Stachura Nicole Kasia , Brar Sukham K , Davidson Jacob , Wilson Claire A , Dann Celia , Apostol Mike , Vecchio John , Bilodeau Shannon , Gunz Anna , Casas-Lopez Diana Catalina , Noppens Ruediger , Leslie Ken , Strychowsky Julie E 
Published: October 2024

Background
In Canada, the health care system has been estimated to generate 33 million metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions annually. Health care systems, specifically operating rooms (ORs), are significant contributors to greenhouse gas emissions, using 3 to 6 times more energy than the hospital’s average unit.

Objective
This quality improvement study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of staff members and patients on sustainability in the OR, as well as identify opportunities for initiatives and barriers to implementation.

Methods
A total of 2 surveys were developed, consisting of 27 questions for staff members and 22 questions for patients and caregivers. Topics included demographics, knowledge and attitudes regarding environmental sustainability, opportunities for initiatives, and perceived barriers. Multiple-choice, Likert-scale, and open-ended questions were used.

Results
A total of 174 staff members and 37 patients participated. The majority (152/174, 88%) of staff members had received no and minimal training on sustainability, while 93% (162/174) cited practicing sustainability at work as moderately to extremely important. Among patients and caregivers, 54% (20/37) often or always noticed when a hospital is being eco-friendly. Both staff members and patients agreed that improving sustainability would boost satisfaction (125/174, 71.8% and 22/37, 59.4%, respectively) and hospital reputation (22/37, 59.4% and 25/37, 69.5%, respectively). The staff members’ highest-rated environmental initiatives included transitioning to reusables, education, and improved energy consumption, while patients prioritized increased nature, improved food sourcing, and education. Perceived barriers to these initiatives included cost, lack of education, and lack of incentives.

Conclusions
Staff members and patients and caregivers in a large academic health care center acknowledge the significance of environmental sustainability in the OR. While they do not perceive a direct impact on patient care, they anticipate positive effects on satisfaction and hospital reputation. Aligning initiatives with staff members and patient and caregiver preferences can help drive meaningful change within the OR and beyond.
Effect of Physical Exercise on Telomere Length: Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sánchez-González Juan Luis , Sánchez-Rodríguez Juan Luis , González-Sarmiento Rogelio , Navarro-López Víctor , Juárez-Vela Raúl , Pérez Jesús , Martín-Vallejo Javier 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Telomere length (TL) is a marker of cellular health and aging. Physical exercise has been associated with longer telomeres and, therefore, healthier aging. However, results supporting such effects vary across studies. Our aim was to synthesize existing evidence on the effect of different modalities and durations of physical exercise on TL.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the needs and expectations of individuals with physical disabilities and their interventionists for the use of a virtual reality physical activity platform in a community organization.

Methods
We performed an umbrella review and meta-analysis. Data sources included PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. We selected systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized and nonrandomized controlled clinical trials evaluating the effect of physical exercise on TL.

Results
Our literature search retrieved 12 eligible systematic reviews, 5 of which included meta-analyses. We identified 22 distinct primary studies to estimate the overall effect size of physical exercise on TL. The overall effect size was 0.28 (95% CI 0.118-0.439), with a heterogeneity test value Q of 43.08 (P=.003) and I² coefficient of 51%. The number of weeks of intervention explained part of this heterogeneity (Q_B=8.25; P=.004), with higher effect sizes found in studies with an intervention of less than 30 weeks. Exercise modality explained additional heterogeneity within this subgroup (Q_B=10.28, P=.02). The effect sizes were small for aerobic exercise and endurance training, and moderate for high-intensity interval training.

Conclusions
Our umbrella review and meta-analysis detected a small-moderate positive effect of physical exercise on TL, which seems to be influenced by the duration and type of physical exercise. High quality studies looking into the impact of standardized, evidence-based physical exercise programs on TL are still warranted.
Establishment, Implementation, Initial Outcomes, and Lessons Learned from Recent HIV Infection Surveillance Using a Rapid Test for Recent Infection Among Persons Newly Diagnosed With HIV in Thailand: Implementation Study
Authors: Srithanaviboonchai Kriengkrai , Yingyong Thitipong , Tasaneeyapan Theerawit , Suparak Supaporn , Jantaramanee Supiya , Roudreo Benjawan , Tanpradech Suvimon , Chuayen Jarun , Kanphukiew Apiratee , Naiwatanakul Thananda , Aungkulanon Suchunya , Martin Michael , Yang Chunfu , Parekh Bharat , Northbrook Sanny Chen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
A recent infection testing algorithm (RITA) incorporating case surveillance (CS) with the rapid test for recent HIV infection (RTRI) was integrated into HIV testing services in Thailand as a small-scale pilot project in October 2020.

Objective
We aimed to describe the lessons learned and initial outcomes obtained after the establishment of the nationwide recent HIV infection surveillance project from April through August 2022.

Methods
We conducted desk reviews, developed a surveillance protocol and manual, selected sites, trained staff, implemented surveillance, and analyzed outcomes. Remnant blood specimens of consenting newly diagnosed individuals were tested using the Asanté HIV-1 Rapid Recency Assay. The duration of HIV infection was classified as RTRI-recent or RTRI-long-term. Individuals testing RTRI-recent with CD4 counts <200 cells/mm3 or those having opportunistic infections were classified as RITA-CS-long-term. Individuals testing RTRI-recent with CD4 counts >200 cells/mm3, no opportunistic infections, and not on antiretroviral treatment were classified as RITA-CS-recent.

Results
Two hundred and one hospitals in 14 high-burden HIV provinces participated in the surveillance. Of these, 69 reported ≥1 HIV diagnosis during the surveillance period. Of 1053 newly diagnosed cases, 64 (6.1%) were classified as RITA-CS-recent. On multivariate analysis, self-reporting as transgender women (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 7.41, 95% CI 1.59‐34.53) and men who have sex with men (AOR 2.59, 95% CI 1.02‐6.56) compared to heterosexual men, and students compared to office workers or employers (AOR 3.76, 95% CI 1.25‐11.35) were associated with RITA-CS-recent infection. The proper selection of surveillance sites, utilizing existing surveillance tools and systems, and conducting frequent follow-up and supervision visits were the most commonly cited lessons learned to inform the next surveillance phase.

Conclusions
Recent HIV infection surveillance can provide an understanding of current epidemiologic trends to inform HIV prevention interventions to interrupt ongoing or recent HIV transmission. The key success factors of the HIV recent infection surveillance in Thailand include a thorough review of the existing HIV testing service delivery system, a streamlined workflow, strong laboratory and health services, and regular communication between sites and the Provincial Health Offices.
Early Effects of the ESRD Treatment Choices Model on Kidney Transplant Waitlist Additions
Authors: Potluri Vishnu S. , Reddy Yuvaram N.V. , Tummalapalli Sri Lekha , Peng Chen , Huang Qian , Zhao Yueming , Kanter Genevieve P. , Zhu Jingsan , Liao Joshua M. , Navathe Amol S. 
Published: October 2024

Key Points

The ESRD Treatment Choices model did not lead to an increase in kidney transplant waitlisting.The COVID-19 pandemic had a substantial impact on kidney transplant waitlist additions.Financial incentives alone, in the short term, did not lead to a substantial effect on kidney transplant waitlisting practices.

Background
Despite the mortality benefit of kidney transplantation over dialysis, only 13% of patients with ESKD are on the transplant waitlist. Given the low rates of transplant waitlisting in the United States, Medicare launched the ESRD Treatment Choices (ETC) model in 2021, the largest mandatory trial of payment incentives in kidney disease, which randomized 30% of health care markets to financial bonuses/penalties to improve kidney transplantation and home dialysis use. This study examines the effect of ETC payment adjustments on US kidney transplant waitlist additions.

Methods
Using data from the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network registry, we examined kidney transplant waitlisting trends between January 1, 2017, and June 30, 2022. Participants were divided into intervention and control arms of the ETC model. Using an interrupted time series design, we compared slope changes in waitlist additions after ETC model implementation (implementation date: January 01, 2021) between the two arms, while accounting for differential changes during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Results were stratified by race and ethnicity (White, Black, Hispanic, and other). To examine balance between the two ETC arms, we conducted supplementary analyses using United States Renal Data System and Medicare data.

Results
After implementation of the ETC model, there were 5550 waitlist additions in the intervention arm and 11,332 additions in the control arm (versus 14,023 and 30,610 additions before the ETC model). After ETC model implementation, there were no significant differences in kidney transplant waitlist additions between the two arms for the overall cohort (slope difference 6.9 new listings/mo; 95% confidence interval [CI], −7.4 to 21.1) or among White (slope difference 2.6/mo; 95% CI, −3.0 to 8.1), Black (slope difference 2.2/mo; 95% CI, −4.3 to 8.7), or Hispanic (slope difference 0.2/mo; 95% CI, −4.5 to 4.9) patients.

Conclusions
In the 18 months after implementation, the ETC model was not associated with significant changes in new kidney transplant waitlist additions.