bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Por uma fala: o negro corpo do discurso
Authors: Silva Fabiana Carneiro da 
Published: January 2018

A necessidade de conceder centralidade ao debate sobre negritude e racismo no Brasil é uma reivindicação de longa data, realizada, sobretudo, pela população negra articulada em uma variedade de agrupamentos político-culturais. Ela remete a um dado concreto e complexo da sociedade brasileira contemporânea: a exclusão e/ou subalternização do negro e da negra do processo que em diversos âmbitos constituiu o que se entende como este estado-nação. Neste artigo, tendo como pressuposto desdobramentos analíticos sobre a dicção de Kehinde, narradora do romance Um defeito de cor, pretendo refletir sobre o gesto de escrita da autora negra Ana Maria Gonçalves e num encadeamento autorreflexivo sobre meu próprio gesto de escrita enquanto intelectual não-branca. Na medida em que essas vozes buscam visibilizar uma herança violenta, monstruosa, de um sistema em que a perversão escravista foi administrada sob o respaldo da racionalidade, proponho a investigação dos fundamentose limites de um discurso sobre negritude, os quais se inscrevem no corpo do sujeito enunciador. Desse modo, retomo o debate sobre experiência e teoria, atribuindo ao corpo negro o poder de interpelar a ideologia nacionalista e exigir que se repense o vínculo dos lugares de enunciação com o sistema historicamente engendrado e atualmente operante no Brasil.
Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Gamma Inhibition Protects From Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity and Reduces Tumor Growth
Authors: Li Mingchuan , Sala Valentina , De Santis Maria Chiara , Cimino James , Cappello Paola , Pianca Nicola , Di Bona Anna , Margaria Jean Piero , Martini Miriam , Lazzarini Edoardo , Pirozzi Flora , Rossi Luca , Franco Irene , Bornbaum Julia , Heger Jacqueline , Rohrbach Susanne , Perino Alessia , Tocchetti Carlo G. , Lima Braulio H.F. , Teixeira Mauro M. , Porporato Paolo E. , Schulz Rainer , Angelini Annalisa , Sandri Marco , Ameri Pietro , Sciarretta Sebastiano , Lima-Júnior Roberto César P. , Mongillo Marco , Zaglia Tania , Morello Fulvio , Novelli Francesco , Hirsch Emilio , Ghigo Alessandra 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin (DOX), are potent anticancer agents for the treatment of solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. However, their clinical use is hampered by cardiotoxicity. This study sought to investigate the role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and the potential cardioprotective and anticancer effects of PI3Kγ inhibition.

Methods:
Mice expressing a kinase-inactive PI3Kγ or receiving PI3Kγ-selective inhibitors were subjected to chronic DOX treatment. Cardiac function was analyzed by echocardiography, and DOX-mediated signaling was assessed in whole hearts or isolated cardiomyocytes. The dual cardioprotective and antitumor action of PI3Kγ inhibition was assessed in mouse mammary tumor models.

Results:
PI3Kγ kinase-dead mice showed preserved cardiac function after chronic low-dose DOX treatment and were protected against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. The beneficial effects of PI3Kγ inhibition were causally linked to enhanced autophagic disposal of DOX-damaged mitochondria. Consistently, either pharmacological or genetic blockade of autophagy in vivo abrogated the resistance of PI3Kγ kinase-dead mice to DOX cardiotoxicity. Mechanistically, PI3Kγ was triggered in DOX-treated hearts, downstream of Toll-like receptor 9, by the mitochondrial DNA released by injured organelles and contained in autolysosomes. This autolysosomal PI3Kγ/Akt/mTOR/Ulk1 signaling provided maladaptive feedback inhibition of autophagy. PI3Kγ blockade in models of mammary gland tumors prevented DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction and concomitantly synergized with the antitumor action of DOX by unleashing anticancer immunity.

Conclusions:
Blockade of PI3Kγ may provide a dual therapeutic advantage in cancer therapy by simultaneously preventing anthracyclines cardiotoxicity and reducing tumor growth.
Role of Macrophage Socs3 in the Pathogenesis of Aortic Dissection
Authors: Ohno‐Urabe Satoko , Aoki Hiroki , Nishihara Michihide , Furusho Aya , Hirakata Saki , Nishida Norifumi , Ito Sohei , Hayashi Makiko , Yasukawa Hideo , Imaizumi Tsutomu , Akashi Hidetoshi , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Fukumoto Yoshihiro 
Published: January 2018

Background

Aortic dissection (
AD
) is a life‐threatening medical emergency caused by the abrupt destruction of the intimomedial layer of the aortic walls. Given that previous studies have reported the involvement of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin‐6 in
AD
pathogenesis, we investigated the role of signal transduction and activator of transcription 3 signaling, a downstream pathway of interleukin‐6 in macrophages in pathogenesis of
AD
.

Methods and Results

We characterized the pathological and molecular events triggered by aortic stress, which can lead to
AD
. Aortic stress on the suprarenal aorta because of infrarenal aorta stiffening and angiotensin
II
infusion for 1 week caused focal medial rupture at the branching point of the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery. This focal medial rupture healed in 6 weeks in wild‐type (
WT
) mice, but progressed to
AD
in mice with macrophage‐specific deletion of
Socs3
gene (
mS
ocs3‐
KO
).
mS
ocs3‐
KO
mice showed premature activation of cell proliferation, an inflammatory response, and skewed differentiation of macrophages toward the tissue‐destructive phenotype. Concomitantly, they showed aberrant phenotypic modulation of smooth muscle cells and transforming growth factor beta signaling, which are likely to participate in tissue repair. Human
AD
samples revealed signal transduction and activator of transcription 3 activation in adventitial macrophages adjacent to the site of tissue destruction.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that
AD
development is preceded by focal medial rupture, in which macrophage Socs3 maintains proper inflammatory response and differentiation of
SMC
s, thus promoting fibrotic healing to prevent tissue destruction and
AD
development. Understanding the sequence of the pathological and molecular events preceding
AD
development will help predict and prevent
AD
development and progression.
On the Variability in the Onset of the Norwegian Coastal Current
Authors: Christensen Kai Håkon , Sperrevik Ann Kristin , Broström Göran 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA high-resolution reanalysis of the circulation in the Kattegat and Skagerrak is used to investigate the mechanisms that control the variability in the onset of the Norwegian Coastal Current. In the reanalysis, the authors have used all available in situ and remote sensing observations of salinity and temperature and use surface current observations from two coastal high-frequency radars that were ideally placed to monitor the exchange between the two basins. This study finds a strong correlation between the variability in the wind forcing in the Skagerrak and the transport in the Norwegian Coastal Current through the Torungen–Hirtshals section. Two cases with winds into and out of the Skagerrak are studied in more detail, and the results suggest asymmetries in the forcing mechanisms. For winds out of the Skagerrak, strong outflows of Baltic Sea Water associated with a deflection of the Kattegat–Skagerrak Front may disrupt local processes in the Skagerrak, which is not accounted for in previously published conceptual models for the variability of the coastal currents in this region.
Adaptive and High-Resolution Estimation of Specific Differential Phase for Polarimetric X-Band Weather Radars
Authors: Reinoso-Rondinel Ricardo , Unal Christine , Russchenberg Herman 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTOne of the most beneficial polarimetric variables may be the specific differential phase KDP because of its independence from power attenuation and radar miscalibration. However, conventional KDP estimation requires a substantial amount of range smoothing as a result of the noisy characteristic of the measured differential phase ΨDP. In addition, the backscatter differential phase δhv component of ΨDP, significant at C- and X-band frequency, may lead to inaccurate KDP estimates. In this work, an adaptive approach is proposed to obtain accurate KDP estimates in rain from noisy ΨDP, whose δhv is of significance, at range resolution scales. This approach uses existing relations between polarimetric variables in rain to filter δhv from ΨDP while maintaining its spatial variability. In addition, the standard deviation of the proposed KDP estimator is mathematically formulated for quality control. The adaptive approach is assessed using four storm events, associated with light and heavy rain, observed by a polarimetric X-band weather radar in the Netherlands. It is shown that this approach is able to retain the spatial variability of the storms at scales of the range resolution. Moreover, the performance of the proposed approach is compared with two different methods. The results of this comparison show that the proposed approach outperforms the other two methods in terms of the correlation between KDP and reflectivity, and KDP standard deviation reduction.
Cloud-Base Height Derived from a Ground-Based Infrared Sensor and a Comparison with a Collocated Cloud Radar
Authors: Wang Zhe , Wang Zhenhui , Cao Xiaozhong , Mao Jiajia , Tao Fa , Hu Shuzhen 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAn improved algorithm to calculate cloud-base height (CBH) from infrared temperature sensor (IRT) observations that accompany a microwave radiometer was described, the results of which were compared with the CBHs derived from ground-based millimeter-wavelength cloud radar reflectivity data. The results were superior to the original CBH product of IRT and closer to the cloud radar data, which could be used as a reference for comparative analysis and synergistic cloud measurements. Based on the data obtained by these two kinds of instruments for the same period (January–December 2016) from the Beijing Nanjiao Weather Observatory, the results showed that the consistency of cloud detection was good and that the consistency rate between the two datasets was 81.6%. The correlation coefficient between the two CBH datasets reached 0.62, based on 73 545 samples, and the average difference was 0.1 km. Higher correlations were obtained for thicker clouds with a larger echo intensity. A low-level thin cloud cannot be regarded as a blackbody because of its high transmittance, which results in higher CBHs derived from IRT data. Because of a smaller cloud radiation effect for high-level thin cloud above 8 km, the contribution of the atmospheric downward radiation below the cloud base to the IRT cannot be ignored, as it results in lower CBHs derived from IRT data. Owing to the seasonal variation of atmospheric downward radiation reaching the IRT, the difference between the two CBHs also has a seasonal variation. The IRT CBHs are generally higher (lower) than the cloud radar CBHs in winter (summer).
Increased nature relatedness and decreased authoritarian political views after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression
Authors: Lyons Taylor , Carhart-Harris Robin L 
Published: January 2018

Rationale: Previous research suggests that classical psychedelic compounds can induce lasting changes in personality traits, attitudes and beliefs in both healthy subjects and patient populations. Aim: Here we sought to investigate the effects of psilocybin on nature relatedness and libertarian–authoritarian political perspective in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Methods: This open-label pilot study with a mixed-model design studied the effects of psilocybin on measures of nature relatedness and libertarian–authoritarian political perspective in patients with moderate to severe TRD ( n=7) versus age-matched non-treated healthy control subjects ( n=7). Psilocybin was administered in two oral dosing sessions (10 mg and 25 mg) 1 week apart. Main outcome measures were collected 1 week and 7–12 months after the second dosing session. Nature relatedness and libertarian–authoritarian political perspective were assessed using the Nature Relatedness Scale (NR-6) and Political Perspective Questionnaire (PPQ-5), respectively. Results: Nature relatedness significantly increased ( t(6)=−4.242, p=0.003) and authoritarianism significantly decreased ( t(6)=2.120, p=0.039) for the patients 1 week after the dosing sessions. At 7–12 months post-dosing, nature relatedness remained significantly increased ( t(5)=−2.707, p=0.021) and authoritarianism remained decreased at trend level ( t(5)=−1.811, p=0.065). No differences were found on either measure for the non-treated healthy control subjects. Conclusions: This pilot study suggests that psilocybin with psychological support might produce lasting changes in attitudes and beliefs. Although it would be premature to infer causality from this small study, the possibility of drug-induced changes in belief systems seems sufficiently intriguing and timely to deserve further investigation.
Contributing Editor's Feature
Authors: Ronstadt Robert 
Published: January 2018

“How should we think about entrepreneurship education?” What kinds of courses and, possibly, programs should be developed at different kinds of educational institutions? These questions have been debated, sometimes hotly, during the 1980s. Of course, the debate on these questions is far from over. Gerhard Plaschka and Harold Welsch continue the dialogue as we enter the 1990s. Their contribution is significant. It involves nothing less than the construction of a road map for finding your way through the myriad course and program options that now confront teachers of entrepreneurship. Plaschka and Welsch start their paper with an excellent history of entrepreneurial education, supplemented by an extensive bibliography, examples of early programs, lists of key research publications and the 20 plus professional and authority-based organizations that impact the field. New teachers to the field will find this background particularly useful. Both old and new professors should find the conceptual part of the paper insightful and useful. Here the authors present two simple yet elegant frameworks for teachers to determine the general kinds of courses/programs they'd like to develop for their specific institutional environments. I should add these aren't conceptual approaches that the authors just invented out of thin air. Actually, they are heuristics grounded in a decade or more of experience realized by many professors. The authors have built upon the past … not ignored it … as they look to the future.
Contributing Editor's Feature
Authors: Ronstadt Robert 
Published: January 2018

To date, “Just-In-Time” (JIT) prescriptions have been limited primarily to larger organizations and the functional area of production. Rudy Winston and Lance Heiko begin a discussion of JIT that badly needs starting … and continuing. Their focus in this article is to hypothesize, based on their real world experiences, how JIT can be used by new and smaller businesses. Those thinking of using JIT techniques will find their analysis and discussion thought provoking and instructive. But we need to continue and extend the discussion. I'd like to start by suggesting we need to apply the basic notions of JIT to non-production issues within newer enterprises. For instance, the notion of proper timing is at the core of both JIT and new venture creation. When, precisely, do you need to bring aboard key members of an entrepreneurial team? Drucker and others assert, before you truly need them. JIT suggests otherwise. When do you need the next round of financing? … the new office? … the additional employees? Again, JIT provides very specific advice about these questions … answers that are consistent with proponents of bootstrapping and those who warn to “always run your new venture on a high variable cost basis.” But when is this advice really right? And when is it dead wrong? These and related questions remain unanswered. But perhaps, just perhaps, Winston and Heiko have started a line of inquiry that may lead one day to some answers … just in time.
The impact of prehabilitation on post-surgical complications in patients undergoing non-urgent cardiovascular surgical intervention: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Marmelo Filipe , Rocha Vânia , Moreira-Gonçalves Daniel 
Published: January 2018

IntroductionCardiac surgery is an aggressive procedure, inducing a great level of stress and disturbance to the homeostasis of the organism and underlying several postoperative complications. Surgical prehabilitation comprises pre-operative physical conditioning designed to improve the physiological and functional capacities of the individual, prepare the organism for surgical stress and reduce the risk of postoperative morbidity.AimThis systematic review and meta-analysis is aimed at evaluating the ability of prehabilitation to prevent post-surgical complications in cardiac patients.MethodsWe selected studies conducted among patients who were waiting for non-urgent cardiac surgical procedures, where a comparison between prehabilitation and standard treatment was made. A total of 3650 possible studies were researched, of which eight were selected for inclusion.ResultsA reduction in the number of complications in the groups submitted to prehabilitation (odds ratio = 0.41; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.28–0.62; p < 0.001; I2 = 0%) was observed, as well as a significant increase in maximal inspiratory pressure (standard mean difference (SMD) = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.35–0.96; p < 0.001; I2 = 58%), a non-significant decrease in the length of stay (SMD = –0.56; 95% CI: −1.13, 0.01; p = 0.05; I2 = 93%), a non-significant increase in the distance walked by the intervention group in the six-minute walk test (SMD = 0.89; 95% CI −0.06, 1.84; p = 0.07) and a lack of effect on mechanical ventilation time (SMD = −0.03; 95% CI: −0.22, 0.16; p = 0.75; I2 = 0%).ConclusionPrehabilitation reduces the number of post-surgical complications and increases maximal inspiratory pressure; a reduction in the length of stay and an improvement of functional capacities are also probable.
SETD1A protects HSCs from activation-induced functional decline in vivo
Authors: Arndt Kathrin , Kranz Andrea , Fohgrub Juliane , Jolly Adrien , Bledau Anita S. , Di Virgilio Michela , Lesche Mathias , Dahl Andreas , Höfer Thomas , Stewart A. Francis , Waskow Claudia 
Published: January 2018

Key Points
SETD1A regulates DNA damage signaling and repair in HSCs and hematopoietic precursors in the absence of reactive oxygen species accumulation. SETD1A is important for the survival of mice after inflammation-induced HSC activation in situ.
Tissue engineering of skin and regenerative medicine for wound care
Authors: Boyce Steven T. , Lalley Andrea L. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

ᅟ
Engineering of biologic skin substitutes has progressed over time from individual applications of skin cells, or biopolymer scaffolds, to combinations of cells and scaffolds for treatment, healing, and closure of acute and chronic skin wounds. Skin substitutes may be categorized into three groups: acellular scaffolds, temporary substitutes containing allogeneic skin cells, and permanent substitutes containing autologous skin cells. Combined use of acellular dermal substitutes with permanent skin substitutes containing autologous cells has been shown to provide definitive wound closure in burns involving greater than 90% of the total body surface area. These advances have contributed to reduced morbidity and mortality from both acute and chronic wounds but, to date, have failed to replace all of the structures and functions of the skin. Among the remaining deficiencies in cellular or biologic skin substitutes are hypopigmentation, absence of stable vascular and lymphatic networks, absence of hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands, and incomplete innervation. Correction of these deficiencies depends on regulation of biologic pathways of embryonic and fetal development to restore the full anatomy and physiology of uninjured skin. Elucidation and integration of developmental biology into future models of biologic skin substitutes promises to restore complete anatomy and physiology, and further reduce morbidity from skin wounds and scar. This article offers a review of recent advances in skin cell thrapies and discusses the future prospects in cutaneous regeneration.
State of Violence
Authors: Slobodkin Yan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis article highlights a moment in the history of French West Africa when violence was both ubiquitous and forbidden. During the interwar period, French reformers pushed for the elimination of the routine use of violence by colonial administrators. The intervention of activist journalists and human rights groups put pressure on colonial policy makers to finally bring administrative practice in line with imperial rhetoric. Local administrators, however, felt that such meddling interfered with their ability to govern effectively. A case of torture and murder by French functionaries in the Ivory Coast village of Oguiédoumé shows how struggles over antiviolence reform played out from the ground up.Cet article souligne un moment dans l'histoire de l'Afrique-Occidentale Française où la violence a été à la fois omniprésente et interdite. Pendant l'entre-deux-guerres, des réformistes français ont lutté pour éliminer la violence quotidienne commise par les administrateurs coloniaux. L'intervention des journalistes militants et des organisations des droits de l'homme a poussé l'Etat colonial à réaliser les promesses de la mission civilisatrice. Par contre, les administrateurs locaux sentaient que ce discours contre la violence limitait leur capacité de gouverner avec efficacité. Une affaire de torture et de meurtre commis en 1933 par des fonctionnaires français dans le village d'Oguiédoumé en Côte-d'Ivoire montre comment la lutte contre la violence a influencé la situation coloniale sur place.
“A New Israel”
Authors: Asseraf Arthur 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn 1960–62 French officials considered partitioning Algeria between European- and Muslim-majority areas, much later and more seriously than the existing historiography shows. Even supporters of partition, however, remained ambivalent, regarding it as a “foreign” approach to decolonization opposed to French principles of territorial unity and racial equality. Thus they discussed partition by comparing Algeria to foreign models, in particular the partition of the British Mandate of Palestine that led to the creation of the state of Israel. Drawing on the private papers of Prime Minister Michel Debré, the writings of Alain Peyrefitte, and archives from the Ministries of Algerian and Foreign Affairs, this article argues that partition plans were failed attempts to deflect colonialism by looking sideways. To do so, the supporters of partition made use of comparison, a long-standing tool of the colonial administration.En 1960–62, le gouvernement français envisagea de partager l'Algérie entre zones de majorité européenne et musulmane, bien plus sérieusement et plus tard que ne le décrit l'historiographie actuelle. Mais même les partisans les plus ardents d'une partition restèrent relativement ambivalents face à ce projet, qu'ils considéraient comme une solution « étrangère » de décolonisation opposée aux principes français d'unité territoriale et d'égalité raciale. Ils évaluèrent ainsi la partition potentielle de l'Algérie en la comparant avec de nombreux modèles étrangers, en particulier la partition du mandat britannique de Palestine qui donna lieu à l'état d'Israël. S'appuyant sur les papiers du premier ministre Michel Debré, les écrits d'Alain Peyrefitte et les archives des ministères des Affaires algériennes et étrangères, cet article montre que les projets de partition furent des tentatives ratées de se détourner du problème colonial en regardant au loin. Pour ce faire, les partisans du partage firent usage de la comparaison, un vieil outil intellectuel de l'administration coloniale.