bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postbreeding ecology of wood ducks in the Illinois River Valley
Authors: Gilbert Andrew D. , Yetter Aaron P. , Hine Christopher S. , Lancaster Joseph D. , Osborn Joshua M. , Kross Chelsea S. , Fournier Auriel M. V. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe wood duck (Aix sponsa) consistently ranks within the top 5 harvested duck species for both Illinois and the Mississippi Flyway. While substantial research has been done on wood ducks, especially their breeding ecology, few studies have investigated the postbreeding ecology of the species. We captured and marked wood ducks with either a very high frequency (VHF) radio transmitter or a solar‐charged global system of mobile communication (GSM) transmitter during the postbreeding period from August through September 2018–2020. Capture locations were within the La Grange Pool of the Illinois River extending from near Pekin, Illinois to the La Grange Lock and Dam near Meredosia, Illinois, USA. We used conventional radio‐telemetry techniques to track wood ducks to determine cover type use, home range size, daily movement patterns, survival, and migration chronology. Home range size (95% minimum convex polygon) for wood ducks averaged 6,820 ± 572 ha (SE) and we did not find evidence for a difference by age, sex, or transmitter type. Daily movement distance in August (2,031 ± 51 m) was similar to daily movement distance in September (1,922 ± 44 m), but daily movement distances for August and September were less than daily movement distance for October (3,509 ± 53 m) and November (3,347 ± 106 m). Wood ducks primarily used wetlands with woody (45.0%) and emergent vegetation (40.4%), and the most commonly used wetland types by wood ducks were impounded wetlands (53.8%), lakes (17.6%), and ponds (10.7%). Model‐derived survival during the postbreeding period was 0.79 (95% CI = 0.74–0.84). Daily survival was positively related to increased river level and had a mean increase of 4.06 ± 0.67% for every 0.3‐m increase in the Illinois River level at low river levels (1.5–3.0 m) and a mean increase of 1.38 ± 0.32% for every 0.3‐m increase in the Illinois River level at high river levels (4.0–5.5 m). Average departure date of wood ducks leaving the Illinois River Valley was 27 October (range =13 August–15 December), and adult male wood ducks left the study area 11–16 days earlier than the other age and sex cohorts (H2 = 11.6, P = 0.01). Providing additional waterfowl sanctuaries that contain wooded wetlands, especially in years of low river levels, may increase survival for wood ducks during the postbreeding period.
Multilayer Reconfigurable 3D Photonics Integrated Circuits Based on Deposition Method
Authors: Xu Xinru , Zhang Daming , Zhang Peng , Tang Bo , Yin Yuexin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPhotonics integrated circuits (PICs) can overcome the bottlenecks in communication capacity. 3D PIC technology is an attractive method for increasing density effectively and combining different materials on one chip for functional integration. In this study, a low‐cost and reconfigurable 3D integrated silicon photonics (SiPhs) platform is proposed fabricated by depositing polycrystalline silicon (poly‐Si) on crystalline silicon (c‐Si), which is patterned through deep ultraviolet (DUV) stepper‐based manufacturing process. The high mobility of poly‐Si ensures high‐speed and power‐efficient modulation. Based on the proposed 3D SiPhs platform, an 8 × 8 optical switch whose units are separated in different layers is fabricated and packaged. The switch shows average insertion losses of −13.98 and −15.86 dB, while working in “all‐cross” and “all‐bar” states, respectively. The crosstalk is lower than −19 and −11 dB for “all‐cross” and “all‐bar” states. Additionally, an overlayer switch located on the 1st and 3rd layers is proposed and experimentally demonstrated, which offers overlapping capabilities that are more compact compared with switches in a single‐layer platform. This validates the possibility of the large‐density integration scalability of the platform.
Effects of Cryolipolysis on the Conversion of White Adipose Tissue: Pilot Study
Authors: Palauro Christiane Rodrigues Tofoli , Meyer Patrícia Froes , Soares Ciro Dantas , de Morais Carreiro Eneida , de Paiva Dumaresq Flávio , de Oliveira Fernando Cesar Camara , de Andrade Ana Laura Martins , da S. P. S. Daumas Priscila 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionCryolipolysis (CLL) is a widely employed noninvasive procedure for body fat reduction. It operates by inducing cooling, leading to the crystallization of cytoplasmic lipids, loss of cellular integrity, and apoptosis/necrosis of adipocytes, accompanied by local inflammation. Ongoing discussions revolve around CLL's potential to transform white adipocytes into brown adipocytes, potentially yielding more significant effects compared to alternative procedures.ObjectiveThus, this randomized, blinded clinical study aimed to investigate the effects of CLL on adipose tissue and elucidate the mechanisms involved in its application and capacity for adipocyte conversion.MethodologyTissue samples from six patients were assessed at intervals of 45, 60, and 90 days following the application of the CLL protocol during abdominoplasty surgeries.ResultsThe samples underwent immunohistochemical analyses targeting various markers, revealing higher expression of PPAR‐gamma, PPAR‐alpha, and UCP‐1 markers in CLL‐treated samples.ConclusionTherefore, the present study suggests that CLL has the ability to intervene in adipocyte conversion.
Functionalized Polyisobutylene and Polyisobutylene‐Based Block Copolymers by Mechanistic Transformation from Cationic to Radical Process
Authors: Cakir Yusra Bahar , Makarevich Miraslau , Bohdan Mikalai , Celiker Tugba , Hulnik Maksim , Vasilenko Irina V. , Kiskan Baris , Kostjuk Sergei V. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe strategy for the preparation of polyisobutylene‐based block copolymers via mechanistic transformation from cationic to radical polymerization is reported. This strategy involves the synthesis of 2‐bromo‐2‐methylpropanoyl‐terminated difunctional polyisobutylene macroinitiator (BiBB‐PIB‐BiBB) via consecutive cationic polymerization, in situ preparation of hydroxyl‐terminated polyisobutylene and its acylation by 2‐bromo‐2‐methylpropanoyl bromide. The Mn2(CO)10−triggered photo‐induced radical polymerization of styrene in bulk using this macroinitiator leads to the formation of multiblock copolymer, while predominantly triblock copolymer is generated during the polymerization of methyl methacrylate. The possibility to functionalize the polyisobutylene by pyrene via photo‐induced radical addition of 1‐bromomethyl pyrene in the presence of Mn2(CO)10 is also demonstrated in this work.
The Use of Low‐Quality Cotton‐Derived Cellulose Films as Templates for In Situ Conductive Polymer Synthesis as Promising Biomaterials in Biomedical Applications
Authors: Demirci Sahin , Sahiner Mehtap , Rumi Shaida S. , Suner Selin S. , Abidi Noureddine , Sahiner Nurettin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHere, the use of cellulose films (CFs) produced from low‐quality cotton is reported as a template for in situ synthesis of well‐known conductive polymers, e.g., polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole (PPY) via oxidative polymerization. Three successive monomer loading/polymerization cycles of aniline (ANI) and pyrrole (PY) within CFs as PANI@CF or PPY@CF are carried out to increase the amount of conductive polymer content. The contact angle (CA) for three times ANI and PPY loaded and polymerized CFs as 3PANI@CF and 3PPY@CF are determined as 26.3±2.8 and 42.3±0.6 degrees, respectively. As the electrical conductivity is increased with increased number of conductive polymer synthesis within CF, the higher conductivity values, 3×10−4±8.1×10−5 S.cm−1 and 2.1×10−3±5.8×10−4 S.cm−1, respectively are measured for 3PANI@CF and 3PPY@CF composites. It is found that PANI@CF composites are hemolytic, whereas PPY@CF composites are not at 1 mg mL−1 concentrations. All PPY@CF composites exhibit better biocompatibility than PANI@CF composites on L929 fibroblast cells with more than 70±8% viability at 1 mg of CF‐based conductive polymer composites. Moreover, MIC and MBC values of 3PPY@CF composites for Escherichia coli (ATCC8739) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538) are determined as 2.5 and 5.0 mg.mL−1, whereas these values are estimated as 5 and 10 mg.mL−1 for Candida albicans (ATCC10231).
Enhanced Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Performance with New Amphoteric Ion Exchange Membranes
Authors: Yang Jingshuai , Peng Zhen , Tang Weiqin , Lv Peiru , Wang Qian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractVanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) depend on the separator membrane for their efficiency and cycle life. Herein, two amphoteric ion exchange membranes are synthesized, based on sulfonic acid group‐grafted poly(p‐terphenyl piperidinium), for VRFBs. Using ether‐free poly(p‐terphenyl piperidine) (PTP) as the polymer matrix, and sodium 2‐bromoethanesulphonate (ES) and 1,4‐butane sultone (BS) as grafting agents, We achieve quaternization of PTP through an environmentally friendly process without alkaline catalysts. PTP‐ES and PTP‐BS membranes exhibit low area resistance, high H+ permeability, and significantly reduced vanadium ion permeability, leading to exceptional ion selectivity, which is 3.06 × 106 S min cm−3 and 4.34 × 106 S min cm−3, respectively, three orders of magnitude higher than that of Nafion115 (0.27 × 104 S min cm−3). The VRFB with PTP‐BS achieves a self‐discharge duration of 190 h, compared to 86 h for Nafion 115. Additionally, under current densities of 40—160 mA cm−2, PTP‐BS shows coulombic efficiencies of 98.1–99.1% and energy efficiencies of 92.0–82.1%, outperforming Nafion 115. The VRFB with PTP‐BS also demonstrates excellent cycle stability and discharge capacity retention over 300 cycles at 100 mA cm−2. Therefore, the amphoteric PTP‐BS membrane shows remarkable performance, offering significant potential for VRFB applications.
Amelioration of Focal Hand Dystonia via Low‐Frequency Repetitive Somatosensory Stimulation
Authors: Rocchi Lorenzo , Latorre Anna , Menozzi Elisa , Rispoli Vittorio , Rothwell John C. , Berardelli Alfredo , Bhatia Kailash P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundDystonia presents a growing concern based on evolving prevalence insights. Previous research found that, in cervical dystonia, high‐frequency repetitive somatosensory stimulation (RSS; HF‐RSS) applied on digital nerves paradoxically diminishes sensorimotor inhibitory mechanisms, whereas low‐frequency RSS (LF‐RSS) increases them. However, direct testing on affected body parts was not conducted.ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate whether RSS applied directly to forearm muscles involved in focal hand dystonia can modulate cortical inhibitory mechanisms and clinical symptoms.MethodsWe applied HF‐RSS and LF‐RSS, the latter either synchronously or asynchronously, on forearm muscles involved in dystonia. Outcome measures included paired‐pulse somatosensory evoked potentials, spatial lateral inhibition measured by double‐pulse somatosensory evoked potentials, short intracortical inhibition tested with transcranial magnetic stimulation, electromyographic activity from dystonic muscles, and behavioral measures of hand function.ResultsBoth synchronous and asynchronous low‐frequency somatosensory stimulation improved cortical inhibitory interactions, indicated by increased short intracortical inhibition and lateral spatial inhibition, as well as decreased amplitude of paired‐pulse somatosensory evoked potentials. Opposite effects were observed with high‐frequency stimulation. Changes in electrophysiological markers were paralleled by behavioral outcomes: although low‐frequency stimulations improved hand function tests and reduced activation of dystonic muscles, high‐frequency stimulation operated in an opposite direction.ConclusionsOur findings confirm the presence of abnormal homeostatic plasticity in response to RSS in the sensorimotor system of patients with dystonia, specifically in inhibitory circuits. Importantly, this aberrant response can be harnessed for therapeutic purposes through the application of low‐frequency electrical stimulation directly over dystonic muscles. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Translation and Cross‐Cultural Adaptation of the Osteoarthritis Knowledge Scale Into Turkish
Authors: Ata Tay Hilal , Acar Gönül , Gündoğdu Mert , Kaya Murat , Muratli Hasan Hilmi , Darlow Ben 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe Osteoarthritis Knowledge Scale (OAKS) is a validated tool for assessing knowledge about hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, to date, there has been no translation and adaptation of the OAKS for the Turkish population.ObjectivesTo translate and cross‐culturally adapt the OAKS into Turkish and to assess its psychometric properties in the Turkish population with and without hip or knee OA.MethodsThe OAKS was translated following accepted guidelines. A validation study assessed internal consistency, test–retest reliability and measurement error. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted to assess the factor structure.ResultsA total of 278 participants (n = 70 with hip OA, n = 105 with knee OA, and n = 103 without OA) were included. Internal consistency was 0.72, 0.79 and 0.79 for participants with hip OA, knee OA, and no OA, respectively. The test–retest intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.72 (95% CI; 0.45–0.85), 0.89 (95% CI; 0.82–0.93) and 0.88 (95% CI; 0.79–0.93) for participants with hip OA, knee OA and no OA, respectively. It had three principal components accounting for 57.2% of the total variance.ConclusionsThe Turkish version of the OAKS is a reliable and valid tool for measuring OA knowledge in the Turkish population, including those with and without hip and knee OA. Test–retest reliability was below acceptable levels in the population with hip OA only. Therefore, we recommend that the ICC be interpreted with caution when used in this population.
Magnetic resonance neurography in the diagnosis of neurological subtypes of thoracic outlet syndrome
Authors: Davidson Emily J. , Tan Ek T. , Sneag Darryl B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNeurological thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) can be challenging to diagnose, particularly given its described subtypes of neurogenic TOS (NTOS) and disputed TOS (DTOS) that exhibit variable clinical presentations and etiologies. The diagnostic workup of TOS often includes magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) of the brachial plexus. Specific MRN imaging modifications for TOS evaluation are required to maximize spatial and contrast resolution to increase the conspicuity of nerve segments and their relationships to surrounding osseous structures. Dynamic assessment with arm positioning is used to evaluate outlet narrowing and compression of the plexus. Individual nerve segments are interrogated for their longitudinal and cross‐sectional morphologies and signal characteristics. In patients with NTOS, MRN may reveal focal impingement of the C8/T1 nerve roots and/or lower trunk with accompanying abnormal T2‐weighted signal hyperintensity. Predisposing anatomical entities include cervical ribs, rib synostoses, hypertrophic callous following clavicular fracture, remnant first thoracic rib from prior incomplete resection, and variable perineural scarring. In comparison, DTOS patients frequently demonstrate signal hyperintensity and enlargement of the mid plexus (trunk and division level), with narrowing of the costoclavicular interval. Following comprehensive diagnostic workup that frequently includes electrodiagnostic testing, patients are directed to different management pathways. Nonsurgical management is considered for all cases of DTOS; all patients with NTOS or DTOS who fail conservative treatment warrant referral for a surgical opinion. If surgery is pursued, MRN can be helpful in preoperative planning.
Can the stress be managed? Stress mindset as a mitigating factor in the influence of job demands on burnout
Authors: Zhou Yaoying , Jin Tingting , Zhang Leigang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimDespite the serious consequences of exposure to high job demands for nursing staff, few studies have identified pathways that could reduce the influence of high job demands on burnout. The current study aimed to exaime whether a stress mindset mitigates the positive relationship between job demands and burnout.DesignA cross‐sectional survey was adopted and data were collected employing self‐report questionnaires.MethodsA convenience sample of 676 nurses recruited from six regional hospitals in China were invited to complete a demographic questionnaire, the Psychological Job Demand Scale, the Stress Mindset Scale and the Burnout Scale. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis and simple slope analysis were used to examine the moderating role of stress mindset.ResultsHigher job demands were positively linked to burnout, and stress mindset was negatively linked to burnout. Stress mindset moderated the positive relationship between job demands and burnout. Specifically, compared to nurses with a stress‐is‐debilitating mindset, the relationship will be smaller for nurses holding a stress‐is‐enhancing mindset.Patient or Public ContributionsBased on these findings, nursing leaders should foster nurses' stress‐is‐enhancing mindset, which can ameliorate the adverse effect of job demands.
The Impact of Living in a Low Food Access/Low Income Area on Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Punjabi Nihal , Watson WayAnne , Vacaru Alexandra , Martin Samuel , Levy‐Licorish Erica , Inman Jared C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo assess differences in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)‐related health parameters between residents of low income/low access (LILA) census tracts—food deserts—and non‐LILA residentsStudy DesignRetrospective review.SettingSingle institution serving a large region in Southern California from 2017 to 2023.MethodsCensus tracts are defined as LILA if a significant proportion of residents live below the poverty threshold and far from healthy food vendors. Adults newly diagnosed with OSA on polysomnography were included. Food access status was determined by searching patient addresses in the US Department of Agriculture Food Access Research Atlas. Baseline and 1‐year follow‐up body mass index (BMI) and vitals were collected and compared based on food access and other demographic variables.ResultsA total of 379 patients in the LILA+ group and 2281 patients in the LILA− group met inclusion criteria. BMI was higher in the LILA group (36.6 ± 9.4 vs 35.2 ± 8.9; P = .006). The effect of food access was most significant in certain demographic groups: patients aged < 65, males, Asian/Pacific Islanders, Hispanics, and patients with Medicaid coverage all had a higher BMI when in the LILA+ group compared to the LILA− group. When considering insurance, LILA+ patients with Medicaid coverage had a significantly higher BMI than LILA− patients with non‐Medicaid coverage (40.4 ± 10.3 vs 34.2 ± 8.4, P < .001. Blood pressure, heart rate, and apnea‐hypopnea index were also significantly higher in LILA+/Medicaid group. BMI change across all demographic groups was minimal at 1‐year follow‐up.ConclusionLiving in a LILA census tract may result in worse OSA‐related health parameters. When accounting for insurance status, the effects are even more profound. Intensive counseling on the importance of weight management should begin at the diagnosis of OSA.
Collaboration or Hierarchy: Experimental Evidence on Governance Modes and Legitimacy Perceptions
Authors: Hillo Jaakko , Vento Isak , Sjöblom Stefan 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAmidst growing interest in collaborative governance as means to enhance the legitimacy of public governance, this article investigates public officials' perceptions of this governance mode. Despite theoretical propositions linking collaborative governance to enhanced legitimacy, empirical validation is scarce. Using a factorial survey experiment with 932 public officials in the Finnish central administration, the article investigates if collaborative governance promotes legitimacy compared with hierarchical bureaucracy. The results are clear: collaborative governance does not inherently boost perceived legitimacy, but rather undermines it. This study captures the causal relationships between governance modes, key governance traits (stakeholder opposition/support and majority opposition/support), and perceived legitimacy, thereby challenging prevailing theoretical assumptions about the merits of collaborative governance.
An approach simulating interacting solid, liquid, and gas domains for dynamic seal applications
Authors: Graf Matthias , Lankenau Tobias , Ottink Kathrin , Ebel Thomas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn seal applications a solid elastic body (the seal) ensures the separation of a liquid (e.g., hydraulic oil in one chamber) from a gas (e.g., air in another chamber). In the case of a dynamic seal, the rod is moving and transports a thin liquid film from the liquid chamber into the air chamber. The seal gap consists of a converging gap, a minimum distance between seal and rod and a diverging gap, where transported liquid detaches from the seal. Between the three states of matter (gas, liquid, gas) appear the following contact conditions: liquid‐to‐solid, gas‐to‐liquid, and gas‐to‐solid. A classical fluid‐structure‐interaction is technically possible with limited effort, but is not sufficient to distinguish between the liquid and the gas. A solution can make use of the fact, that the liquid has significant dimensions only in the liquid chamber and is pressurized only there. There is a thin liquid film on the rod in the air chamber, but it has dimensions clearly lower than the air chamber and has the same pressure as the air. Therefore a simulation is possible with the “variable viscosity approach”: Liquid and gas are modeled in one single fluid domain. Differences between liquid and gas are included by pressure‐dependent fluid parameters, especially viscosity and density. The resulting violation of the mass balance is very small as the low mass flow through the seal lip is low. The presented approach allows to apply a fluid‐structure simulation with special fluid properties to model a system with three states of matter. Advantages are a less complex model with less complex contact conditions and a reduced simulation time.