bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Método preliminar de detección de patógenos biológicos en cultivos de fresa por medio del procesamiento digital de imágenes
Authors: Amaya Hurtado Darío , Sandino Mora Juan David 
Published: March 2017

<p>En la actualidad, muchos estudios enfocados en el reconocimiento de patógenos biológicos, a través de los frutos de cultivos de fresa son efectivas, sin embargo la adquisición de la imagen se realiza mediante métodos destructivos que implican arrancar los frutos de la planta. En la presente investigación se ha propuesto el desarrollo de un algoritmo que permita analizar los frutos de un cultivo de fresa (Fragaria x ananassa), capaz de realizar una primera aproximación para distinguir Botrytis sp. y Sphaerotheca sp., usando un método no destructivo, es decir, recolectando las imágenes directamente del cultivo sin realizar intervención alguna por parte de los productores y/o investigadores. Las técnicas de procesamiento de imágenes implementadas incluyen suavizado, erosión, dilatación, detección de contornos, correspondencia de patrones, umbralización, entre otros. Los resultados obtenidos se visualizaron en una aplicación desarrollada en C# usando la librería Emgu CV, mostrando al usuario un diagnóstico de la planta de estudio. Se concluye que es posible ofrecer un servicio de monitoreo preliminar de incidencia de patógenos usando este algoritmo, ahorrando tiempo para productores e investigadores que requieran una primera aproximación del estado del cultivo, con la posibilidad de ejecutarse tanto en computadores de escritorio y portátiles como en robots aéreos (drones) que posibilitan automatizar esta tarea.</p>
Fitorremediación en la recuperación de suelos: una visión general
Authors: Bernal Figueroa Andrea Angélica 
Published: March 2017

<p>En esta investigación se revisan aspectos fundamentales de la fitorremediación como técnica en la recuperación de suelos, la cual se emplea para eliminar o disminuir la contaminación o degradación de los mismos, por medio de la utilización de especies vegetales. Se encontró que técnicas tales como la fitoextracción, rizofiltración, fitoestabilización, fitodegradación, rizodegradación y fitovolatilización, están determinadas principalmente por el tipo de contaminante, diversidad microbiana y propiedades del suelo. Se mencionan algunos spectos en cuanto a la nutrición mineral y la tolerancia de las plantas, las principales ventajas y desventajas que ofrece esta técnica, algunas especies empleadas para su implementación y unos estudios de caso. Se concluye que el conocimiento de los procesos fisiológicos en la planta y los compuestos tóxicos, permite que se puedan seleccionar especies vegetales con mayores niveles de tolerancia hacia contaminantes específicos; y adicionalmente, por medio de modificaciones genéticas se puede incrementar la biomasa vegetal, su morfología, densidad radicular o penetración en profundidad, así como favorecer la existencia de asociaciones específicas entre microorganismos y raíces.</p>
Editorial
Authors: Giraldo Diaz Reinaldo , Nieto Gómez Libia Esperanza 
Published: March 2017

<p>Eduardo Germán María Hughes Galeano, más conocido como Eduardo Galeano, falleció el 13 de abril de 2015, mas su obra sigue iluminando a miles de intelectuales latinoamericanos que desde diferentes disciplinas y perspectivas apuestan por un mundo otro, por una sociedad otra. Desde el primer párrafo de la Introducción a “Las venas abiertas de América Latina”, escrito en 1970 y publicado en 1971, pero con una vigencia inacabable hasta que no pueda superarse la desigualdad en el mundo, se vislumbra la necesidad de otros rumbos:</p><p> La división internacional del trabajo consiste en que unos países se especializan en ganar y otros en perder. Nuestra comarca del mundo, que hoy llamamos América Latina, fue precoz: se especializó en perder desde los remotos tiempos en que los europeos del Renacimiento se abalanzaron a través del mar y le hundieron los dientes en la garganta. Pasaron los siglos y América Latina perfeccionó sus funciones. Éste ya no es el reino de las maravillas donde la realidad derrotaba a la fábula y la imaginación era humillada por los trofeos de la conquista, los</p><p>yacimientos de oro y las montañas de plata. Pero la región sigue trabajando de sirvienta. Continúa existiendo al servicio de las necesidades ajenas, como fuente y reserva del petróleo y el hierro, el cobre y la carne, las frutas y el café, las materias primas y los alimentos con destino a los países ricos que ganan, consumiéndolos, mucho más de lo que América Latina gana produciéndolos (Galeano, 1970, p. 15).</p>
Eficiencia de uso de nutrientes en ají tabasco (Capsicum frutescens L.) y habanero (Capsicum chínense Jacq)
Authors: Romero-Lozada María Del Pilar , Enciso Murillo Cristian Felipe , Sandra Marcela Garcia Sandra Marcela , Wagner Guerrero Juan José , Puentes-Páramo Yina Jazbleidi , Menjivar-Flores Juan Carlos 
Published: March 2017

<p>El manejo adecuado de la nutrición de un cultivo implica hacer un uso eficiente de los nutrientes. Por tanto, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la eficiencia agronómica (EA) y de recuperación del fertilizante (ERF) para nitrógeno, fósforo y potasio en ají habanero y ají tabasco y su influencia en el rendimiento. El diseño experimental consistió en bloques completos al azar con cuatro tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Los tratamientos fueron T1: Testigo, T2: fertilización según el programa que maneja el Centro Experimental de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia (CEUNP) para N-P-K, T3: programa de fertilización de CEUNP + 50% y el T4: programa de fertilización de CEUNP + 100%. Para ají tabasco (<em>C. frutescens </em>L<em>.</em>) y habanero (<em>C. chinense </em>J.) el análisis de varianza dio diferencias altamente significativas (p&lt;0,001) por efecto de los tratamientos tanto para la eficiencia agronómica (EA) como de recuperación del fertilizante (ERF). Los resultados muestran que los mayores valores de EA y ERF para N-P-K en tabasco se presentaron en el tratamiento T4, y en habanero se presentaron en el tratamiento T3, excepto para la ERF de fósforo. Así, estos permiten observar que ají tabasco presenta bajas eficiencias agronómicas y de recuperación de nutrientes con respecto al tipo habanero. Los mejores rendimientos de tabasco y habanero se presentan en el T4 y los menores en el T1, lo que sugiere una clara influencia del genotipo.</p>
Evaluation of a complex intervention to improve primary care prescribing: a phase IV segmented regression interrupted time series analysis
Authors: MacBride-Stewart Sean , Marwick Charis , Houston Neil , Watt Iain , Patton Andrea , Guthrie Bruce 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundIt is uncertain whether improvements in primary care high-risk prescribing seen in research trials can be realised in the real-world setting.AimTo evaluate the impact of a 1-year system-wide phase IV prescribing safety improvement initiative, which included education, feedback, support to identify patients to review, and small financial incentives.Design and settingAn interrupted time series analysis of targeted high-risk prescribing in all 56 general practices in NHS Forth Valley, Scotland, was performed. In 2013–2014, this focused on high-risk non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in older people and NSAIDs with oral anticoagulants; in 2014–2015, it focused on antipsychotics in older people.MethodThe primary analysis used segmented regression analysis to estimate impact at the end of the intervention, and 12 months later. The secondary analysis used difference-in-difference methods to compare Forth Valley changes with those in NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (GGC).ResultsIn the primary analysis, downward trends for all three NSAID measures that were existent before the intervention statistically significantly steepened following implementation of the intervention. At the end of the intervention period, 1221 fewer patients than expected were prescribed a high-risk NSAID. In contrast, antipsychotic prescribing in older people increased slowly over time, with no intervention-associated change. In the secondary analysis, reductions at the end of the intervention period in all three NSAID measures were statistically significantly greater in NHS Forth Valley than in NHS GGC, but only significantly greater for two of these measures 12 months after the intervention finished.ConclusionThere were substantial and sustained reductions in the high-risk prescribing of NSAIDs, although with some waning of effect 12 months after the intervention ceased. The same intervention had no effect on antipsychotic prescribing in older people.
Le peuplement animal des karsts de France (Éléments de biogéographie souterraine pour les Invertébrés). Première partie : la faune aquatique
Authors: Ginet René , Juberthie Christian 
Published: March 2017

The biogeographical distribution of Invertebrate animals in french karsts (First part : The aquatic fauna)
This text analyses the bibliographic data in order to draw up a schematic representation of the biogeographical distribution of Invertebrate animals found in French karsts up to 1985. The animal population of these karsts is very varied, especially in the south of France. For many groups, there are obvious links with geological history and paleo-ecology. This text first lists the aquatic groups (from Porifera to Crustacea ; the latter is the most varied and numerous in karstic water). It puts forward possible solutions to the problems posed by the ways followed by the ancestors of present-day groups, either of superficial freshwater origin, or of marine origin during the Tertiary, and whose areas were later modified by the impact of Quaternary glaciations. For the terrestrial groups (cf. Karstologia n° 11), subterranean penetration followed different pathways, among which the Superficial Hypogean Compartment (M.S.S. = Milieu Souterrain Superficiel) plays an obvious role ; this shows that many troglobites are not limited, in the underground environment, to just caves and the karst. The Arthropods, and among them the Insects, are of course the most varied and the best known. Their biogeographical distribution reflects the problems of speciation, ecology and endemism, which are discussed in the text.
Effects of Conversion to a Bicarbonate/Lactate-Buffered, Neutral-PH, LOW-GDP PD Regimen in Prevalent PD: A 2-Year Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Farhat Karima , Douma Caroline E. , Ferrantelli E. , ter Wee Pieter M. , Beelen Robert H.J. , van Ittersum Frans J. 
Published: March 2017

Background The use of pH-neutral peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluids low in glucose degradation products (GDP) may better preserve the peritoneal membrane and have fewer systemic effects. The effects of conversion from conventional to neutral-pH, low-GDP PD fluids in prevalent patients are unclear. Few studies on the role of neutral-pH, low-GDP PD have studied residual renal function, ultrafiltration, peritonitis incidence and technique failure, transport characteristics, and local and systemic markers of inflammation in prevalent PD patients. Methods In a multi-center open-label randomized clinical trial (RCT), we randomly assigned 40 of 78 stable continuous ambulatory PD (CAPD) and automated PD (APD) patients to treatment with bicarbonate/lactate, neutral-pH, low-GDP PD fluid (Physioneal; Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Deerfield, IL, USA) and compared them with 38 patients continuing their current standard lactate-buffered PD fluid (PDF) (Dianeal; Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Deerfield, IL, USA) during 2 years. Primary outcome was residual renal function (RRF) and ultrafiltration (UF) during peritoneal equilibration test (PET); peritonitis incidence was a secondary outcome. Furthermore, clinical parameters as well as several biomarkers in effluents and serum were measured. Results During follow-up, RRF did not differ between the groups. In the Physioneal group ultrafiltration (UF) during PET remained more or less stable (-20 mL [confidence interval (CI): -163.5 – 123.5 mL]; p = 0.7 over 24 months), whereas it declined in the Dianeal group (-243 mL [CI: -376.6 to -109.4 mL]; p < 0.0001 over 24 months), resulting in a difference of 233.7 mL [95% CI 41.0 – 425.5 mL]; p = 0.017 between the groups at 24 months. The peritonitis rate was lower in the Physioneal group: adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.38 (0.15 – 0.97) p = 0.043. No differences were observed between the 2 groups in peritoneal adequacy or transport characteristics nor effluent markers of local inflammation (cancer antigen [CA]125, hyaluronan [HA], vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], macrophage chemo-attractant protein [MCP]-1, HA and transforming growth factor [TGF]β–1). Conclusion In prevalent PD patients, our study did not find a difference in RRF after conversion from conventional to neutral-pH, low-GDP PD fluids, although there is a possibility that the study was underpowered to detect a difference. Decline in UF during standardized PET was lower after 2 years in the Physioneal group.
Acute Peritoneal Dialysis in Patients with Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Cho Seong , Lee Yu-Ji , Kim Sung-Rok 
Published: March 2017

Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, complications, and mortality rate associated with acute peritoneal dialysis (PD) in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods A total of 75 patients who were treated at Samsung Changwon Hospital between February 2005 and March 2016 were included in the study sample. The outcomes included in-hospital survival, renal recovery, metabolic and fluid control rates, and technical success rates. Results Refractory heart failure was the most frequent cause of acute PD (49.3%), followed by hepatic failure (20.0%), septic shock (14.7%), acute pancreatitis (9.3%), and unknown causes (6.7%). The hospital survival of patients in the acute PD was 48.0%. Etiologies of acute kidney injury (AKI) (refractory heart failure, acute pancreatitis compared with hepatic failure, septic shock or miscellaneous causes), use of inotropes, use of a ventilator, and simplified acute physiology score (SAPS) II were associated with survival differences. Maintenance dialysis required after survival was high (80.1% [29/36]) due to AKI etiologies (heart or hepatic failures). Metabolic and fluid control rates were 77.3%. The technical success rate for acute PD was 93.3%. Conclusion Acute PD remains a suitable treatment modality for patients with AKI in the era of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Nearly all patients who require dialysis can be dialyzed with acute PD without mechanical difficulties. This is particularly true in patients with refractory heart failure and acute pancreatitis who had a weak requirement for inotropes.
The Proposal Auto-Categorizer and Manager for Time Allocation Review at the Space Telescope Science Institute
Authors: Strolger Louis-Gregory , Porter Sophia , Lagerstrom Jill , Weissman Sarah , Reid I. Neill , Garcia Michael 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The Proposal Auto-Categorizer and Manager (PACMan) tool was written to respond to concerns about subjective flaws and potential biases in some aspects of the proposal review process for time allocation for the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), and to partially alleviate some of the anticipated additional workload from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) proposal review. PACMan is essentially a mixed-method Naive Bayesian spam filtering routine, with multiple pools representing scientific categories, that utilizes the Robinson method for combining token (or word) probabilities. PACMan was trained to make similar programmatic decisions in science category sorting, panelist selection, and proposal-to-panelists assignments to those made by individuals and committees in the Science Policies Group (SPG) at the Space Telescope Science Institute. Based on training from the previous cycle’s proposals, at an average of 87%, PACMan made the same science category assignments for proposals in Cycle 24 as the SPG. Tests for similar science categorizations, based on training using proposals from additional cycles, show that this accuracy can be further improved, to the

level. This tool will be used to augment or replace key functions in the Time Allocation Committee review processes in future HST and JWST cycles.
A Search for Lost Planets in the Kepler Multi-planet Systems and the Discovery of the Long-period, Neptune-sized Exoplanet Kepler-150 f
Authors: Schmitt Joseph R. , Jenkins Jon M. , Fischer Debra A. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The vast majority of the 4700 confirmed planets (CPs) and planet candidates discovered by the Kepler mission were first found by the Kepler pipeline. In the pipeline, after a transit signal is found, all data points associated with those transits are removed, creating a “Swiss cheese”-like light curve full of holes, which is then used for subsequent transit searches. These holes could render an additional planet undetectable (or “lost”). We examine a sample of 114 stars with 3+ CPs to evaluate the effect of this “Swiss cheesing.” A simulation determines that the probability that a transiting planet is lost due to the transit masking is low, but non-negligible, reaching a plateau at ∼3.3% lost in the period range of P = 400–500 days. We then model all planet transits and subtract out the transit signals for each star, restoring the in-transit data points, and use the Kepler pipeline to search the transit-subtracted (i.e., transit-cleaned) light curves. However, the pipeline did not discover any credible new transit signals. This demonstrates the validity and robustness of the Kepler pipeline’s choice to use transit masking over transit subtraction. However, a follow-up visual search through all the transit-subtracted data, which allows for easier visual identification of new transits, revealed the existence of a new, Neptune-sized exoplanet (Kepler-150 f) and a potential single transit of a likely false positive (FP) (Kepler-208). Kepler-150 f (P = 637.2 days,

R⊕) is confirmed with >99.998% confidence using a combination of the planet multiplicity argument, an FP probability analysis, and a transit duration analysis.
Luther et la question de la conscience. Problématisation et esquisse d’enjeux contemporains
Authors: Causse Jean-Daniel 
Published: March 2017

Luther a forgé une compréhension originale de la conscience qui n’est pas d’abord pour lui conscience morale ou instance de connaissance, mais le plus intime de l’être humain, son centre ou son cœur. L’article montre que Luther a fait de la conscience un décentrement du sujet par rapport à lui-même. La conscience situe l’intime, et même l’intime de l’intime, dans un « dehors ». En cela, elle n’est pas le fait d’un humain qui décide à partir de lui, dans une sorte d’autonomie présomptueuse ; elle place le sujet en situation de « secondarité », répondant à ce qui l’interpelle tout en demeurant dans une impossible transparence à soi. Paradoxalement, Luther a ainsi pensé la conscience libre comme une conscience captive. En conclusion, sont évoqués quelques enjeux contemporains de la conscience en tant qu’elle est l’être excentré.
La notion de « loi naturelle » : que peut nous apporter Jean Duns Scot ?
Authors: Foyer Dominique 
Published: March 2017

À la fin du xiii	e siècle, le franciscain Duns Scot innove en répondant à la question classique : « Tous les préceptes du Décalogue appartiennent-ils à la loi naturelle ? ». S’écartant résolument du thomisme qui fonde la loi divine sur la rationalité des natures, il montre que la loi naturelle ne couvre que ce qui s’impose avec évidence à tous les êtres dotés de raison et de volonté. Dieu, étant tout-puissant, est libre d’édicter la loi morale qu’il veut. La seule limite s’imposant à lui est celle de l’amour : Dieu ne peut pas vouloir ne pas être ce qu’il est. Il s’aime et doit donc être aimé de tous. Tous les autres préceptes sont révocables. La loi morale n’est plus fondée sur la nature des choses mais sur la liberté des agents.
An Enhanced Distributed Localization Algorithm Based on MDS-MAP in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Zhang Lu , Wang Hailun , Hu Zhiyong , Wang Deyong 
Published: March 2017

The classical MDS-MAP algorithm is a centralized algorithm, with an increase in nodes, the algorithm attains a high degree of complexity. In order to solve the shortcomings of the positioning accuracy and the computational complexity of the matrix in the classical MDS-MAP algorithm, an enhanced distributed MDS-MAP localization algorithm was designed and realized (EMDS-MAP(D)). The EMDS-MAP(D) algorithm does not need auxiliary hardware facilities, and can be used for the local computation of nodes, thereby reducing the amount of computation and communication .It is suitable for a shielding environment. The algorithm calculates the coordinates of relative nodes without the anchor node, only transformation absolute coordinates need a Global Positioning System (GPS) to locate a certain amount of coordinates (usually less than 10) and the number of the positioning coordinates does not depend on the size of the network. Theoretical analysis and simulation experimental results show that EMDS-MAP(D) can realize distributed computing and improve the positioning accuracy of the node.
Cutting Edge: Loss of T Cell RIAM Precludes Conjugate Formation with APC and Prevents Immune-Mediated Diabetes
Authors: Lagarrigue Frederic , Gertler Frank B. , Ginsberg Mark H. , Cantor Joseph M. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Rap1-interacting adaptor molecule (RIAM) is a Rap1 effector that mediates the recruitment of talin to integrins, thereby supporting their activation. In this study, we investigated the role of RIAM in an adoptive transfer model for type I diabetes and report that RIAM expression in T cells is necessary for diabetes development. Loss of RIAM did not prevent lymphocyte recruitment to draining lymph nodes 24 h after transfer, but it was required for Ag-driven proliferation and cytotoxic killing. RIAM is recruited to immune synapses along with talin and LFA-1, and loss of RIAM profoundly suppresses Ag-dependent conjugate formation in primary naive and effector T cells. These data identify the requirement of RIAM for formation of immunological synapses and in resulting T cell functions in autoimmunity. Moreover, because RIAM-null mice are healthy, fertile, and display no bleeding abnormalities, our results identify RIAM and its regulators as potential targets for therapies of T cell–mediated autoimmunity.
Cutting Edge: β-Catenin–Interacting Tcf1 Isoforms Are Essential for Thymocyte Survival but Dispensable for Thymic Maturation Transitions
Authors: Xu Zhe , Xing Shaojun , Shan Qiang , Gullicksrud Jodi A. , Bair Thomas B. , Du Yubin , Liu Chengyu , Xue Hai-Hui 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
T cell factor 1 (Tcf1) is essential for T cell development; however, it remains controversial whether β-catenin, a known coactivator of Tcf1, has a role. Tcf1 is expressed in multiple isoforms in T lineage cells, with the long isoforms interacting with β-catenin through an N-terminal domain. In this study, we specifically ablated Tcf1 long isoforms in mice (p45−/−mice) to abrogate β-catenin interaction. Although thymic cellularity was diminished in p45−/− mice, transition of thymocytes through the maturation stages was unaffected, with no overt signs of developmental blocks. p45−/− thymocytes showed increased apoptosis and alterations in transcriptome, but these changes were substantially more modest than in thymocytes lacking all Tcf1 isoforms. These data indicate that Tcf1–β-catenin interaction is necessary for promoting thymocyte survival to maintain thymic output. Rather than being dominant-negative regulators, Tcf1 short isoforms are adequate in supporting developing thymocytes to traverse through maturation steps and in regulating the expression of most Tcf1 target genes.