bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indoor fungal diversity in primary schools may differently influence allergic sensitization and asthma in children
Authors: Cavaleiro Rufo João , Madureira Joana , Paciência Inês , Aguiar Lívia , Pereira Cristiana , Silva Diana , Padrão Patrícia , Moreira Pedro , Delgado Luís , Annesi‐Maesano Isabella , Oliveira Fernandes Eduardo , Teixeira João Paulo , Moreira André 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundChildhood exposure to microbiologic agents may influence the development of allergic and respiratory diseases. Apart from home, children spend most of their time at school, which represents an environment of significant exposure to indoor air microbes. Therefore, we aimed to assess how the prevalence of allergic sensitization and asthma in schoolchildren is affected by microbiologic exposure within classrooms.MethodsSpirometry with bronchodilation, exhaled nitric oxide measurements and skin‐prick tests data were retrieved from 858 children aged 8–10 years attending 71 classrooms in 20 primary schools. Air samples were collected in all classrooms using a single‐stage microbiologic air impactor through agar plates. Gram‐negative endotoxins were collected using flow control pumps and analysed by limulus amebocyte lysate assay. Diversity scores were established as the number of different fungal species found in each classroom.ResultsClassrooms with increased diversity scores showed a significantly lower prevalence of children with atopic sensitization, but not asthma. The risk of sensitization increased with increasing endotoxin exposure in classrooms. Similarly, significantly higher concentrations of Penicillium spp were found in classrooms with a higher number of children with atopic sensitization.ConclusionsAlthough no causal relationships could be established, exposure to higher fungal diversity was protective against allergic sensitization but this was not seen for asthma. In contrast, higher exposure to Gram‐negative endotoxins and Penicillium spp in primary school′s classrooms was associated with increasing odds of allergic sensitization in children.
Safety and feasibility of heated egg yolk challenge for children with egg allergies
Authors: Yanagida Noriyuki , Sato Sakura , Asaumi Tomoyuki , Ogura Kiyotake , Borres Magnus P. , Ebisawa Motohiro 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundHen's egg allergy is a frequent cause of childhood food allergy. Egg yolk is used in various commonly consumed foods; if children with allergy to hen's egg could eat heated egg yolk, their quality of life (QOL) would improve. No reports exist regarding oral food challenges (OFCs) for heated egg yolk. We aimed to clarify whether pediatric patients allergic to hen's egg could consume heated egg yolk.MethodsData from pediatric patients who had undergone OFCs for heated egg yolk were evaluated retrospectively.ResultsAmong 919 patients, positive OFC results were obtained in 17.0% of patients; seven presented with severe symptoms. Older age, high specific IgE value for ovomucoid, low total IgE levels, and history of anaphylaxis related to food other than hen's egg were risk factors for positive OFC results. Specific IgE values for egg white, ovomucoid, and egg yolk, indicative of a negative predictive value >95%, were 0.71, 0.41, and 0.17 kUA/l, respectively. A specific IgE to ovomucoid levels of 100 kUA/l predicted heated egg yolk‐positive OFCs for 38.3% of patients. Among 763 patients with a negative OFC, seven (0.9%) reacted to heated egg yolk at home, and 756 (99.1%) consumed hen's egg yolk safely.ConclusionsMost pediatric patients allergic to heated hen's egg safely consumed heated egg yolk. Heated egg yolk OFCs rarely provoked severe symptoms and may be recommended for improving the QOL of children with allergy to hen's egg.
Psoriasis and Psoriasiform Eruptions in Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated with Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Agents
Authors: Eickstaedt Joshua B. , Killpack Luke , Tung Jeanne , Davis Dawn , Hand Jennifer L. , Tollefson Megha M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundAnti–tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) agents are used to treat a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, including psoriasis. Paradoxically, numerous reports have documented new‐onset or exacerbation of psoriasis or psoriasiform skin lesions (PSO) in patients treated with these agents for conditions other than PSO—particularly in adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Not much is known regarding similar cases in children.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed on children younger than 19 years of age with IBD seen at the Mayo Clinic between 2003 and 2015 who developed new‐onset or recurrent PSO while undergoing anti‐TNF‐α therapy.ResultsFourteen children developed PSO while undergoing anti‐TNF‐α therapy for IBD. All three anti‐TNF‐α agents (infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab) used to treat IBD in this series led to induction or recurrence of PSO lesions. The median time to development of PSO was 11 months (range 0–48 mos), the median age was 15 years (range 12.5–17.5 yrs), and 57% of patients were male. IBD activity was quiescent in 93% of cases at PSO onset. Seven patients (50%) discontinued their initial anti‐TNF‐α therapy because of their skin disease. Ultimately, four patients (29%) had to discontinue all anti‐TNF‐α therapy to induce PSO resolution.ConclusionTNF‐α antagonist–induced PSO in children with IBD is a rarely reported adverse reaction. PSO onset has a variable latency, but usually occurs during IBD remission, with a slight male bias. Nearly half of patients required a change in their initial anti‐TNF‐α agent despite conventional skin‐directed therapies, and one‐third of patients discontinued all anti‐TNF‐α therapy because of PSO.
mGluR1 enhances efferent inhibition of inner hair cells in the developing rat cochlea
Authors: Ye Zhanlei , Goutman Juan D. , Pyott Sonja J. , Glowatzki Elisabeth 
Published: February 2017

Key points
Spontaneous activity of the sensory inner hair cells shapes maturation of the developing ascending (afferent) auditory system before hearing begins.
Just before the onset of hearing, descending (efferent) input from cholinergic neurons originating in the brainstem inhibit inner hair cell spontaneous activity and may further refine maturation.
We show that agonist activation of the group I metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR1 increases the strength of this efferent inhibition by enhancing the presynaptic release of acetylcholine.
We further show that the endogenous release of glutamate from the inner hair cells may increase the strength of efferent inhibition via the activation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Thus, before the onset of hearing, metabotropic glutamate signalling establishes a local negative feedback loop that is positioned to regulate inner hair cell excitability and refine maturation of the auditory system.
AbstractJust before the onset of hearing, the inner hair cells (IHCs) receive inhibitory efferent input from cholinergic medial olivocochlear (MOC) neurons originating in the brainstem. This input may serve a role in the maturation of the ascending (afferent) auditory system by inhibiting spontaneous activity of the IHCs. To investigate the molecular mechanisms regulating these IHC efferent synapses, we combined electrical stimulation of the efferent fibres with patch clamp recordings from the IHCs to measure efferent synaptic strength. By examining evoked responses, we show that activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) by general and group I‐specific mGluR agonists enhances IHC efferent inhibition. This enhancement is blocked by application of a group I mGluR1‐specific antagonist, indicating that enhancement of IHC efferent inhibition is mediated by group I mGluRs and specifically by mGluR1s. By comparing spontaneous and evoked responses, we show that group I mGluR agonists act presynaptically to increase neurotransmitter release without affecting postsynaptic responsiveness. Moreover, endogenous glutamate released from the IHCs also enhances IHC efferent inhibition via the activation of group I mGluRs. Finally, immunofluorescence analysis indicates that the efferent terminals are sufficiently close to IHC glutamate release sites to allow activation of mGluRs on the efferent terminals by glutamate spillover. Together, these results suggest that glutamate released from the IHCs activates group I mGluRs (mGluR1s), probably present on the efferent terminals, which, in turn, enhances release of acetylcholine and inhibition of the IHCs. Thus, mGluRs establish a local negative feedback loop positioned to regulate IHC activity and maturation of the ascending auditory system in the developing cochlea.
Sequencing and
De Novo
Assembly of the Complete Chloroplast Genome of the Peruvian Carrot (
Arracacia xanthorrhiza
Bancroft)
Authors: Alvarado Javier Santiago , López Diane Hinojosa , Torres Isaury Maldonado , Meléndez María Margarita , Batista Rosalinda Aybar , Raxwal Vivek K. , Berríos Juan A. Negrón , Arun Alok 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Arracacia xanthorrhiza
is an important secondary food crop in South America and Puerto Rico. The lack of crop protection and improvement strategies leads to infections damaging the storage roots. Here, we report the annotated complete chloroplast genome sequence of
A. xanthorrhiza
as a step toward developing genomic resources for this crop.
Genome Sequence of a Unique Magnaporthe oryzae RMg-Dl Isolate from India That Causes Blast Disease in Diverse Cereal Crops, Obtained Using PacBio Single-Molecule and Illumina HiSeq2500 Sequencing
Authors: Kumar Aundy , Sheoran Neelam , Prakash Ganesan , Ghosh Arpita , Chikara Surendra K. , Rajashekara Hosahatti , Singh Uday Dhari , Aggarwal Rashmi , Jain Rakesh Kumar 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

The whole-genome assembly of a unique rice isolate from India,
Magnaporthe oryzae
RMg-Dl that causes blast disease in diverse cereal crops is presented. Analysis of the 34.82 Mb genome sequence will aid in better understanding the genetic determinants of host range, host jump, survival, pathogenicity, and virulence factors of
M. oryzae
.
Complete Genome Sequence of Methanohalophilus halophilus DSM 3094
T
, Isolated from a Cyanobacterial Mat and Bottom Deposits at Hamelin Pool, Shark Bay, Northwestern Australia
Authors: L’Haridon Stéphane , Corre Erwan , Guan Yue , Vinu Manikandan , La Cono Violetta , Yakimov Mickail , Stingl Ulrich , Toffin Laurent , Jebbar Mohamed 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

The complete genome sequence of
Methanohalophilus halophilus
DSM 3094
T
, a member of the
Methanosarcinaceae
family and the
Methanosarcianales
order, consists of 2,022,959 bp in one contig and contains 2,137 predicted genes. The genome is consistent with a halophilic methylotrophic anaerobic lifestyle, including the methylotrophic and CO
2
-H
2
methanogensis pathways.
Genome Sequence of a Genotype 2 Hepatitis E Virus World Health Organization Reference Strain
Authors: Kaiser Marco , Kamili Saleem , Hayden Tonya , Blümel Johannes , Baylis Sally A. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT
We report here the sequence of a genotype 2a reference strain of hepatitis E virus (HEV), developed on behalf of the World Health Organization. The HEV reference strain is intended for use in assays based on nucleic acid amplification for the validation of HEV RNA detection.
Genome Sequences of Three Novel Bunyaviruses, Two Novel Rhabdoviruses, and One Novel Nyamivirus from Washington State Moths
Authors: Makhsous Negar , Shean Ryan C. , Droppers David , Guan Jonathan , Jerome Keith R. , Greninger Alexander L. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT
We report draft genome sequences of three novel bunyaviruses, two novel rhabdoviruses, and one novel nyamivirus identified metagenomically from 10 moths in Washington state.
Birth size, risk factors across life and cognition in late life: protocol of prospective longitudinal follow-up of the MYNAH (MYsore studies of Natal effects on Ageing and Health) cohort
Authors: Krishna Murali , Kumar G Mohan , Veena S R , Krishnaveni G V , Kumaran Kalyanaraman , Karat Samuel Christaprasad , Coakley Patsy , Osmond Clive , Copeland John R M , Chandak Giriraj , Bhat Dattatray , Varghese Mathew , Prince Martin , Fall Caroline 
Published: February 2017

IntroductionFor late-life neurocognitive disorders, as for other late-life chronic diseases, much recent interest has focused on the possible relevance of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD). Programming by undernutrition in utero, followed by overnutrition in adult life may lead to an increased risk, possibly mediated through cardiovascular and metabolic pathways. This study will specifically examine, if lower birth weight is associated with poorer cognitive functioning in late life in a south Indian population.Methods and analysisFrom 1934 onwards, the birth weight, length and head circumference of all babies born in the CSI Holdsworth Memorial Hospital, Mysore, India, were recorded in obstetric notes. Approximately 800 men and women from the Mysore Birth Records Cohort aged above 55 years, and a reliable informant for each, will be asked to participate in a single cross-sectional baseline assessment for cognitive function, mental health and cardiometabolic disorders. Participants will be assessed for hypertension, type-2 diabetes and coronary heart disease, nutritional status, health behaviours and lifestyles, family living arrangements, economic status, social support and social networks. Additional investigations include blood tests (for diabetes, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, anaemia, vitamin B12and folate deficiency, hyperhomocysteinemia, renal impairment, thyroid disease and Apolipoprotein E genotype), anthropometry, ECG, blood pressure, spirometry and body composition (bioimpedance). We will develop an analysis plan, first using traditional univariate and multivariable analytical paradigms with independent, dependent and mediating/confounding/interacting variables to test the main hypotheses.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the research ethics committee of CSI Holdsworth Memorial Hospital. The findings will be disseminated locally and at international meetings, and will be published in open access peer reviewed journals.
Parenting for Autism, Language, And Communication Evaluation Study (PALACES): protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial
Authors: Williams Margiad Elen , Hastings Richard , Charles Joanna Mary , Evans Sue , Hutchings Judy 
Published: February 2017

IntroductionChildren with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) often have associated behavioural difficulties that can present a challenge for parents and parenting. There are several effective social learning theory-based parenting programmes for dealing with behavioural difficulties, including the Incredible Years (IY) parent programmes. However, these programmes typically do not specifically target parents of children with ASD. Recently, a new addition to the IY suite of programmes known as the IY Autistic Spectrum and Language Delays (IY-ASLD) parent programme was developed. The main aims of the present study are to examine the feasibility of delivering this programme within child health services and to provide initial evidence for effectiveness and economic costs.Methods and analysisThe Parenting for Autism, Language, And Communication Evaluation Study (PALACES) trial is a pragmatic, multicentre, pilot randomised controlled trial comparing the IY-ASLD programme with a wait-list control condition. 72 parents of children with ASD (aged 3–8 years) will be randomly allocated to either the intervention or control condition. Data will be collected prior to randomisation and 6 months postrandomisation for all families. Families in the intervention condition only will also be followed up at 12 and 18 months postrandomisation. This study will provide initial evidence of effectiveness for the newly developed IY-ASLD parenting programme. It will also add to the limited economic evidence for an intervention targeting parents of children with ASD and provide longer term data, an important component for evaluations of parenting programmes.Ethics and disseminationApproval for the study was granted by the Research Ethics Committee at the School of Psychology, Bangor University (reference number: 2016–15768) and the North Wales Research Ethics Committee, UK (reference number: 16/WA/0224). The findings will be disseminated through research conferences and peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberISRCTN57070414; Pre-results.
Extracting the QCD ΛMS¯ parameter in Drell–Yan process using Collins–Soper–Sterman approach
Authors: Taghavi R. , Mirjalili A. 
Published: February 2017

In this work, we directly fit the QCD dimensional transmutation parameter, [Formula: see text], to experimental data of Drell–Yan (DY) observables. For this purpose, we first obtain the evolution of transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDPDFs) up to the next-to-next-to-leading logarithm (NNLL) approximation based on Collins–Soper–Sterman (CSS) formalism. As is expecting the TMDPDFs are appearing at larger values of transverse momentum by increasing the energy scales and also the order of approximation. Then we calculate the cross-section related to the TMDPDFs in the DY process. As a consequence of global fitting to the five sets of experimental data at different low center-of-mass energies and one set at high center-of-mass energy, using CETQ06 parametrizations as our boundary condition, we obtain [Formula: see text] MeV corresponding to the renormalized coupling constant [Formula: see text] which is within the acceptable range for this quantity. The goodness of [Formula: see text] shows the results for DY cross-section are in good agreement with different experimental sets, containing E288, E605 and R209 at low center-of-mass energies and [Formula: see text], CDF data at high center-of-mass energy. The repeated calculations, using HERAPDFs parametrizations is yielding us numerical values for fitted parameters very close to what we obtain using CETQ06 PDFs set. This indicates that the obtained results have enough stability by variations in the boundary conditions.
On the coherent emission of radio frequency radiation from high energy particle showers
Authors: Conti Enrico , Sartori Giorgio 
Published: February 2017

Extended Air Showers produced by cosmic rays impinging on the earth atmosphere irradiate radio frequency radiation through different mechanisms. Upon certain conditions, the emission has a coherent nature, with the consequence that the emitted power is not proportional to the energy of the primary cosmic rays, but to the energy squared. The effect was predicted in 1962 by Askaryan and it is nowadays experimentally well established and exploited for the detection of ultra high energy cosmic rays. In this paper, we discuss in detail the conditions for coherence, which in literature have been too often taken for granted, and calculate them analytically, finding a formulation which comprehends both the coherent and the incoherent emissions. We apply the result to the Cherenkov effect, obtaining the same conclusions derived by Askaryan, and to the geosynchrotron radiation.
Prominent Oncogenic Roles of EVI1 in Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Hui , Schaefer Thorsten , Konantz Martina , Braun Martin , Varga Zsuzsanna , Paczulla Anna M. , Reich Selina , Jacob Francis , Perner Sven , Moch Holger , Fehm Tanja N. , Kanz Lothar , Schulze-Osthoff Klaus , Lengerke Claudia 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Overexpression of the EVI1 oncogene is associated typically with aggressive myeloid leukemia, but is also detectable in breast carcinoma where its contributions are unexplored. Analyzing a tissue microarray of 608 breast carcinoma patient specimens, we documented EVI1 overexpression in both estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) and estrogen receptor–negative (ER−) breast carcinomas. Here, we report prognostic relevance of EVI1 overexpression in triple-negative breast carcinoma but not in the HER2-positive breast carcinoma subset. In human breast cancer cells, EVI1 silencing reduced proliferation, apoptosis resistance, and tumorigenicity, effects rescued by estrogen supplementation in ER+ breast carcinoma cells. Estrogen addition restored ERK phosphorylation in EVI1-silenced cells, suggesting that EVI1 and estradiol signaling merge in MAPK activation. Conversely, EVI1 silencing had no effect on constitutive ERK activity in HER2+ breast carcinoma cells. Microarray analyses revealed G-protein–coupled receptor (GPR) signaling as a prominent EVI1 effector mechanism in breast carcinoma. Among others, the GPR54-ligand KISS1 was identified as a direct transcriptional target of EVI1, which together with other EVI1-dependent cell motility factors such as RHOJ regulated breast carcinoma cell migration. Overall, our results establish the oncogenic contributions of EVI1 in ER- and HER2-negative subsets of breast cancer. Cancer Res; 77(8); 2148–60. ©2017 AACR.
The Tumor Microenvironment at a Turning Point—Knowledge Gained Over the Last Decade, and Challenges and Opportunities Ahead: A White Paper from the NCI TME Network
Authors: DeClerck Yves A. , Pienta Kenneth J. , Woodhouse Elisa C. , Singer Dinah S. , Mohla Suresh 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Over the past 10 years, the Tumor Microenvironment Network (TMEN), supported by the NCI (Bethesda, MD), has promoted collaborative research with the explicit goal of fostering multi-institutional and transdisciplinary groups that are capable of addressing complex issues involving the tumor microenvironment. The main goal of the TMEN was to generate novel information about the dynamic complexity of tumor–host interactions in different organ systems with emphasis on using human tissues and supplemented by experimental models. As this initiative comes to a close, members of the TMEN took time to examine what has been accomplished by the Network and importantly to identify the challenges and opportunities ahead. This consensus document summarizes for the broader scientific community discussions that occurred at the two final meetings of the TMEN in 2015 and 2016. Cancer Res; 77(5); 1051–9. ©2017 AACR.