bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D levels in epileptic children on long-term anticonvulsant therapy
Authors: Pohan Fathy , Hendarto Aryono , Mangunatmadja Irawan , Gunardi Hartono 
Published: August 2016

Background Long-term anticonvulsant therapy, especially with enzyme inducers, has been associated with low 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. However, there have been inconsistent results in studies on the effect of long-term, non-enzyme inducer anticonvulsant use on vitamin D levels.Objective To compare 25(OH)D levels in epileptic children on long-term anticonvulsant therapy and non-epileptic children. We also assessed for factors potentially associated with vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency in epileptic children.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at two pediatric neurology outpatient clinics in Jakarta, from March to June 2013. Subjects in the case group were epileptic children, aged 6-11 years who had used valproic acid, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, or oxcarbazepine, as a single or combination therapy, for at least 1 year. Control subjects were non-epileptic, had not consumed anticonvulsants, and were matched for age and gender to the case group. All subjects’ 25(OH)D levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay.Results There were 31 epileptic children and 31 non-epileptic control children. Their mean age was 9.1 (SD 1.8) years. Most subjects in the case group were treated with valproic acid (25/31), administered as a monotherapy (21/31). The mean duration of anticonvulsant consumption was 41.9 (SD 20) months. The mean 25(OH)D level of the epileptic group was 41.1 (SD 16) ng/mL, lower than the control group with a mean difference of 9.7 (95%CI 1.6 to 17.9) ng/mL. No vitamin D deficiency was found in this study. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in the epileptic group was higher than in the control group (12/31 vs. 4/31; P=0.020). No identified risk factors were associated with low 25(OH)D levels in epileptic children.Conclusion Vitamin D levels in epileptic children with long-term anticonvulsant therapy are lower than that of non-epileptic children, but none had vitamin D deficiency.
“By Looking Liking”: Baz Luhrmann’S William Shakespeare’S Romeo+Juliet
Authors: Cinpoeş Nicoleta 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Twenty years since its release onto the big screen, Baz Luhrmann’s William Shakespeare’s Romeo + Juliet continues to attract viewers, divide critics and remain unchallenged, in a league of its own, when it comes to film adaptation of Shakespeare’s plays. This article begins with taking stock of reception directions which still dispute the field of film adaptation. Cued by Worthen’s “Performance Paradigm”, my argument positions Luhrmann’s film (his second at the time and the one to propel the Australian director into Hollywood fame) firmly in the cinematic and sees the film narrative not as opposed to the textual and/or spoken one, but as a complex citational practice developed at the level of oral, visual and written discourse.
Adapting Shakespeare – Converting Shylock in Michael Radford’s the Merchant of Venice
Authors: Oakes Luke 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This article aims to explore the extension and evolution of Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice through Michael Radford’s 2004 cinematic adaptation. By investigating the concept of adaptation and the significance of intertextuality, Shakespeare’s source text is considered alongside Radford’s twenty-first century recreation to reimagine and redefine the construction of Shylock as both a comic and tragic device utilized across film and play. Issues of racial and religious prejudices alongside anti- Semitic views were particularly prominent in Elizabethan England and, by concentrating on recontextualisation, this article looks to expose Shakespeare’s characterization as a reflective commentary concerning societal discriminations at the time of the play’s performance. By focusing primarily on Shakespeare’s Jewish Usurer, Radford is able to reconstruct and reestablish the dramatic devices and characters within the cinematic version, metaphorically converting Shylock from comic villain to tragic victim. Finally, it argues that this dynamic shift inevitably metamorphoses Shylock from a spectator’s perspective and provides Michael Radford with an opportunity to offer a social commentary on social inequality in the twenty-first century.
Electrochemical Treatment of Water Contaminated with Methylorange
Authors: Valica Martin , Hostin Stanislav 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis study examines electrochemical degradation of water artificially contaminated by azo dye Methyl Orange (MO). Degradation is based on chemical electro-oxidation of MO molecules. Graphite was used as an electrode material for electrochemical oxidation of MO. In this work, the different operative parameters (electric current, NaCl content) and their effect on effectiveness as well as the treatment time/duration of MO degradation were tested. The highest dye removal (91.0 %) was obtained during the electrolysis at current density 3.032 mA/cm2, electrolyte with the content of NaCl 4 g/dm3 (NaCl) and the treatment time 35 min.
Improved Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction for Rapid Staphylococcus Aureus Detection in Meat and Milk Matrices
Authors: Šramková Zuzana , Vidová Barbora , Godány Andrej 
Published: August 2016

AbstractStaphylococcal food poisoning represents one of the most frequently occurring intoxications, caused by staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE-s) and staphylococcal enterotoxin-like proteins (SEl-s). Therefore, there is a need for rapid, sensitive and specific detection method for this human pathogen and its toxin genes in food matrices. The present work is focused on Staphylococcus aureus detection by a nonaplex polymerase chain reaction, which targets the 23S rRNA gene for identification of S. aureus at the species level, genes for classical SE-s (SEA, SEC, SED), new SE-s (SEH, SEI), SEl-s (SEK, SEL) and tsst-1 gene (toxic shock syndrome toxin). Primers were properly designed to avoid undesirable interactions and to create a reliably identifiable profile of amplicons when visualized in agarose gel. According to obtained results, this approach is able to reach the detection sensitivity of 12 colony forming units from milk and meat matrices without prior culturing and DNA extraction.
Pediatric brain tumors – the importance of early identification of symptoms / Guzy mózgu u dzieci – znaczenie wczesnej identyfikacji objawów
Authors: Cybula-Misiurek Małgorzata , Kiczuk Krystyna , Czerwińska-Pawluk Iwona , Samardakiewicz Marzena 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Introduction. Brain tumors account for 17-29% of all developmental age neoplasms. Most cases are noted in children aged 2-3 years and 5-10 years.
Aim. The study aims to determine the number of patients with brain tumors in children hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, University Children’s Hospital in Lublin in the years 2002-2015 and to present the most common early symptoms of the disease.
Material and methods. The study group comprised 58 children. The age of respondents ranged from 2 to 17.5 years of age. The study was based on retrospective analysis of medical records of patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, University Children’s Hospital in Lublin in the years 2002-2015. We analyzed medical history of patients whose hospital admissions were due to symptoms such as headaches, dizziness and the accompanying nausea, morning vomiting, walk on a broad basis, balance disorders, abnormal vision, nystagmus, strabismus, hemiparesis, seizures, behavioral changes, weight loss, and the duration of symptoms prior to hospitalization and location of the tumor.
Results. The surveyed group comprised 58 children with brain tumors, 29 girls (50%) and 29 boys (50%). The age of respondents ranged from 2 to 17.5 years. The symptoms, which dominated in patients on admission were: headache, dizziness, vomiting, especially in the morning. The time of occurrence of clinical symptoms varied from several days to several months before hospitalization.
Conclusions. The analysis showed the presence of a brain tumor in children of both sexes with a comparable frequency. Brain tumors in the studied population most often were found in children aged 5-10 years. The location of the tumor was associated with the age of the child. The most common early symptoms of brain tumors in the study group were headache, dizziness, nausea, blurred vision, impaired balance.
Jakość życia chorych na chorobę Alzheimera / The life quality of the people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kozak-Putowska Dorota , Iłżecka Joanna 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Introduction. Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by progressive dementia process. There’s no medicine available to hinder that process. In case, the ill individual is unable to diagnose early symptoms of the disease, they call a doctor in the moment when a neurotic atrophy is irreversible. The patient is gradually losing self-reliance in everyday activities, the ability to take care of themselves, loses touch with the reality and surrounding world, begins to experience distressing symptoms and becomes isolated from the society. All these factors affect the life quality of an individual suffering from Alzheimer’s disease.
Aim. The present article provides an analysis of literature on the quality of life in people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease.
High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection in Latvian Male Kidney Transplant Recipients / Augsta Riska Cilvēka Papilomas Vīrusa Infekcija Vīriešu Dzimuma Nieru Transplantāta Saņēmējiem Latvijā
Authors: Čistjakovs Maksims , Sultanova Alina , Jermakova Olga , Čapenko Svetlana , Lesiņa-Korne Baiba , Rozentāls Rafails , Murovska Modra , Ziediņa Ieva 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Kidney transplant recipients have higher incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related malignancies, but studies on the natural history of HPV infection are insufficient, especially regarding in male recipients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the course of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection after kidney allograft transplantation in male recipients: to estimate frequency and activity of HR-HPV infection under immune system suppression. Twenty male renal recipients (age 20 - 68) were enrolled in this investigation and examined in dynamics. Peripheral EDTA-blood samples and urine samples were collected from each patient 2 weeks, 6 months and 12 months after transplantation. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with consensus primers was used for initial detection of high range HPV types, a commercial qPCR kit for detection of HR-HPV load in urine samples and ELISA for detection of serum IgG class antibodies to HR-HPV L1-capsid protein. Overall, combining molecular (HR-HPV genomic sequences detected by real-time PCR) and serological studies (IgG class antibodies to HR-HPV L1-capsids’ protein), high frequency of HRHPV infection among male kidney transplant recipients (9/20; 45%) was showed. However, the majority of HR-HPV positive recipients (7/9; 78%) showed signs of infection clearance. It means that, despite the applied immune suppressive therapy, the host’s immune system is capable of dealing with HR-HPV infection up to the 12th month after transplantation. However, the sample size should be increased to enable through statistical analysis before final conclusions are made.
Immunogenetic Manifestations of Lyme Borreliosis / Imūnìenģtiskās Izpausmes Laimboreliozes Gadījumā
Authors: Kovaļčuka Lilija , Eglīte Jeļena , Zīālīte Māra , Lucenko Irina , Vīksna Ludmila , Krūmiņa Angelika 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
In this study, we sought to identify human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1 alleles that might be associated with Lyme borreliosis in Latvian patients. Case patients and control subjects were similar in age, sex, and ethnic heritage and differed only in the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi infection. The frequency of HLA-DRB1*07 (OR 3.52; p = 0.001), HLA-DRB1*15 (OR 3.02; p = 0.001) and HLA-DRB1 *17 (03) (OR 2.63; p = 0.001) were significantly increased in the Lyme disease patients compared with the control groups. The frequency of the alleles -DRB1*11(OR 0.37; p = 0.005) and -DRB1*13 (OR 0.34; p = 0.002) was smaller in Borreliosis patients and significantly higher in the control group.
Hereditary angioedema - an otolaryngologist’s perspective
Authors: Vuzitas Alexis , Sarafoleanu Codrut 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant disease consisting of recurrent angioedema attacks, varying in severity, possibly life-threatening and with frequent involvement of the head and neck areas. The patophysiology of HAE differs from histamine-mediated allergic angioedema. Three types of reduced quality or quantity in various complement or coagulation factors, leading to massive release of bradykinin, increase vascular permeability and produce capilary leakage. Clinical manifestations of HAE include swelling located predominantly in the head and neck area, hands, feet and urogenital area and abdominal pain caused by edema of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa. Diagnosis requires laboratory tests for complement components and genetic tests. A timely and correct diagnosis in the emergency room is of utmost importance, the medical treatment of HAE being substantially different from that of allergic angioedema. Although new therapies are available and in development, airway intervention and surgery are still life-saving procedures and the ENT surgeon is an important part of the multidisciplinary team managing an HAE attack.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the pterygopalatine fossa - A case report
Authors: Budu Vlad , Tusaliu Mihail , Coman Alexandru , Bulescu Ioan 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The pterygopalatine fossa is an inverted pyramid-shaped space of the viscerocranium, protected by bony structures. Surgical access to this anatomical space is difficult, especially for tumor resection. There are numerous open surgical techniques for accessing this space, but nowadays, minimally-invasive endoscopic approaches are preferred in order to increase postoperative quality of life and reduce postoperative morbidities.
The tumors of the pterygopalatine fossa can be benign or malignant, and can occur primarily in the fossa or as secondary extensions from the surrounding regions through the multiple canals and foramina in its walls. Squamous cell carcinomas of this space have been described to appear as extensions from the nasopharynx, the paranasal sinuses or through perineural extension from the cutaneous branches of the maxillary nerve.
In this paper the authors present a rare case of squamous cell carcinoma of the pterygopalatine fossa, which was excised in an endoscopic transnasal approach after preoperative selective embolization.
The frequency of occurrence of extreme and detrimental meteorological conditions for vegetation of crops in Poland (1971–2010)
Authors: Ziernicka-Wojtaszek Agnieszka 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The frequency of occurrence of extreme and detrimental meteorological conditions for vegetation of crops in Poland (1971-2010). The subject, and aim of this study is the comparison of the frequency of occurrence of thermal, precipitation and pluvio-thermal conditions detrimental to agriculture in Poland during two periods: 1971-2000 and 1981-2010, constituting the former, and the current climate normal, respectively. Each month of the vegetation period (April-October) was, in accordance with the current accounts carried out by agriculture correspondents, assigned to one of the following categories: favorable for vegetation, dry, dry and cool, cool, cool and humid, humid, dry and hot. An identical classification of meteorological vegetation conditions was also carried out for months characterized by extreme air temperature and precipitation values. Extreme values were defined as those monthly temperature mean values, and monthly precipitation totals, the probability of exceeding of which is lower than 10%, i.e. their probability of occurrence, or the socalled recurrence interval, is once every 10 years. The differences existing between the analyzed 30-year periods, can be attributed to the present day climate change - a significant increase in air temperature in April, June, July, and August, with a lack of significant precipitation trends. In the two compared periods, an increase in the number of extreme months from 74 to 82 was stated. The biggest changes during the extreme months were observed for precipitation deficits combined with hot air temperatures, namely, an increase from 15 to 29 months. In general, all the analyzed months of the vegetation period showed an increase in dry months (90 to 105 cases) and a decrease in cool months (44 to 24 cases).
Potential effect of future climate changes on productivity of selected crops in Poland
Authors: Brzóska Barbara , Jaczewski Adam 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Potential effect of future climate changes on productivity of selected crops in Poland. Future projections of selected climate indices have been used to assess potential effects of climate changes on productivity of selected crops in Poland. CMIP5 global climate models’ results for the future period (2006-2035) and historical one (1981-2010) are used in the study. Models predict decrease in count of days with extreme low temperatures and increase in count of days with extreme high temperatures. An increase in the number of days with very heavy precipitation is also predicted. Not all climate change effects have negative impact on crop productivity in Poland but all of them confirm requirements to put into practice mitigation and adaptation strategies for Poland’s agriculture.
On Semiregularization of Some Abstract Density Topologies Involving Sets Having The Baire Property
Authors: Hejduk Jacek , Wiertelak Renata , Wojdowski Wojciech 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Some kind of abstract density topology in a topological Baire space is considered. The semiregularization of this type of topology on the real line in many cases is the coarsest topology for which real functions continuous with respect to the abstract density topology are continuous.
Comparison of Some Subfamilies of Functions Having The Baire Property
Authors: Ivanova Gertruda , Karasińska Aleksandra , Wagner-Bojakowska Elżbieta 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
We prove that the family Q of quasi-continuous functions is a strongly porous set in the space Ba of functions having the Baire property. Moreover, the family DQ of all Darboux quasi-continuous functions is a strongly porous set in the space DBa of Darboux functions having the Baire property. It implies that each family of all functions having the A-Darboux property is strongly porous in DBa if A has the (∗)-property.
Negative frequency‐dependent interactions can underlie phenotypic heterogeneity in a clonal microbial population
Authors: Healey David , Axelrod Kevin , Gore Jeff 
Published: August 2016

AbstractGenetically identical cells in microbial populations often exhibit a remarkable degree of phenotypic heterogeneity even in homogenous environments. Such heterogeneity is commonly thought to represent a bet‐hedging strategy against environmental uncertainty. However, evolutionary game theory predicts that phenotypic heterogeneity may also be a response to negative frequency‐dependent interactions that favor rare phenotypes over common ones. Here we provide experimental evidence for this alternative explanation in the context of the well‐studied yeast GAL network. In an environment containing the two sugars glucose and galactose, the yeast GAL network displays stochastic bimodal activation. We show that in this mixed sugar environment, GAL‐ON and GAL‐OFF phenotypes can each invade the opposite phenotype when rare and that there exists a resulting stable mix of phenotypes. Consistent with theoretical predictions, the resulting stable mix of phenotypes is not necessarily optimal for population growth. We find that the wild‐type mixed strategist GAL network can invade populations of both pure strategists while remaining uninvasible by either. Lastly, using laboratory evolution we show that this mixed resource environment can directly drive the de novo evolution of clonal phenotypic heterogeneity from a pure strategist population. Taken together, our results provide experimental evidence that negative frequency‐dependent interactions can underlie the phenotypic heterogeneity found in clonal microbial populations.
Gene and Network Analysis of Common Variants Reveals Novel Associations in Multiple Complex Diseases
Authors: Nakka Priyanka , Raphael Benjamin J , Ramachandran Sohini 
Published: August 2016

AbstractGenome-wide association (GWA) studies typically lack power to detect genotypes significantly associated with complex diseases, where different causal mutations of small effect may be present across cases. A common, tractable approach for identifying genomic elements associated with complex traits is to evaluate combinations of variants in known pathways or gene sets with shared biological function. Such gene-set analyses require the computation of gene-level P-values or gene scores; these gene scores are also useful when generating hypotheses for experimental validation. However, commonly used methods for generating GWA gene scores are computationally inefficient, biased by gene length, imprecise, or have low true positive rate (TPR) at low false positive rates (FPR), leading to erroneous hypotheses for functional validation. Here we introduce a new method, PEGASUS, for analytically calculating gene scores. PEGASUS produces gene scores with as much as 10 orders of magnitude higher numerical precision than competing methods. In simulation, PEGASUS outperforms existing methods, achieving up to 30% higher TPR when the FPR is fixed at 1%. We use gene scores from PEGASUS as input to HotNet2 to identify networks of interacting genes associated with multiple complex diseases and traits; this is the first application of HotNet2 to common variation. In ulcerative colitis and waist–hip ratio, we discover networks that include genes previously associated with these phenotypes, as well as novel candidate genes. In contrast, existing methods fail to identify these networks. We also identify networks for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, in which GWA studies have yet to identify any significant SNPs.