bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initiation and persistence with dual antiplatelet therapy after acute myocardial infarction: a Danish nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors: Green Anders , Pottegård Anton , Broe Anne , Diness Thomas Goldin , Emneus Martha , Hasvold Pål , Gislason Gunnar H 
Published: May 2016

ObjectivesThe study investigated dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) patterns over time and patient characteristics associated with the various treatments in a myocardial infarction (MI) population.DesignA registry-based observational cohort study was performed using antecedent data.SettingThis study linked morbidity, mortality and medication data from Danish national registries.ParticipantsAll 28 449 patients admitted to a Danish hospital with a first-time MI and alive at discharge from 2009 through 2012 were included.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome was initiation of DAPT and secondary outcomes comprised persistence in DAPT treatment and switches between DAPT treatments.ResultsThe overall proportion of patients prescribed DAPT increased from 68% (CL 95% 67–69%) to 73% (CL 95% 72–74%) from 2009 to 2012. For treatment of patients with and without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the corresponding numbers were from 87% (CL 95% 86–88%) to 91% (CL 95% 90–92%) and from 49% (CL 95% 47–50%) to 52% (CL 95% 51–54%), respectively. Non-PCI patients had a higher cardiovascular risk compared with PCI patients. Among PCI patients, age>75 years, atrial fibrillation, diabetes and peripheral arterial disease were associated with a higher risk of treatment breaks for DAPT. Among patients without PCI, ticagrelor treatment was associated with an increased risk of treatment breaks during the first 12 months compared with clopidogrel treatment.ConclusionsFrom 2009 to 2012, there was an increase in the proportion of patients with MI receiving DAPT, and a longer duration of DAPT. Still, a large proportion of patients without PCI are discharged either without DAPT or with a short DAPT duration. These findings may indicate the need for more careful attention to DAPT for patients with MI not undergoing PCI in Denmark.
Sipjeondaebo-tang in patients with cancer with anorexia: a protocol for a pilot, randomised, controlled trial
Authors: Cheon Chunhoo , Park Sunju , Park Yu Lee , Huang Ching-Wen , Ko Youme , Jang Bo-Hyoung , Shin Yong-Cheol , Ko Seong-Gyu 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionCancer-related anorexia is the loss of appetite or desire to eat in patients with cancer. Although treatments for cancer-related anorexia do exist, patients have sought complementary and alternative medicine including herbal remedies, due to safety concerns. Sipjeondaebo-tang is one among other popular herbal medicines that are beneficial to management of anorexia in Korea. The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility for a full randomised clinical trial of Sipjeondaebo-tang for cancer-related anorexia.Methods and analysisThis study is a randomised, double-blinded and placebo-controlled trial of Sipjeondaebo-tang. For the study, 40 patients with cancer, aged 20–80 years, who reported anorexia, will be recruited. The participants will receive either 3 g of Sipjeondaebo-tang or a placebo, 3 times a day for 4 weeks. The primary end point is a change in the anorexia/cachexia subscale (A/CS) of Functional Assessment of Anorexia/Cachexia Therapy (FAACT). The secondary end points include changes in the visual analogue scale (VAS) of appetite, cortisol and ghrelin. The outcomes will be measured on every visit. Each participant will visit once a week during 4 weeks.Ethics and disseminationThe present study has been approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University (reference DJDSKH-15-03-2 (V.2.0)). The results will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and scientific conference.Trial registration numberNCT02468141; Pre-results.
Inequalities in family practitioner use by sexual orientation: evidence from the English General Practice Patient Survey
Authors: Urwin Sean , Whittaker William 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveTo test for differences in primary care family practitioner usage by sexual orientation.DesignMultivariate logistic analysis of pooled cross-sectional postal questionnaire responses to family practitioner usage.SettingPatient-reported use and experience of primary care in England, UK. Data from several waves of a postal questionnaire (General Practice Patient Survey) 2012–2014.Population2 807 320 survey responses of adults aged 18 years and over, registered with a family practitioner.Main outcome measuresProbability of a visit to a family practitioner within the past 3 months.ResultsLesbian women were 0.803 times (95% CI 0.755 to 0.854) less likely to have seen a family practitioner in the past 3 months relative to heterosexual women (bisexual women OR=0.887, 95% CI 0.817 to 0.963). Gay men were 1.218 times (95% CI 1.163 to 1.276) more likely to have seen a family practitioner relative to heterosexual men (bisexual men OR=1.084, 95% CI 0.989 to 1.188). Our results are robust to the timing of the family practitioner visit (0–3, 0–6, 0–12 months). Gay men were more likely to have seen a family practitioner than heterosexual men where the proportion of women practitioners in the practice was higher (OR=1.238, 95% CI 1.041 to 1.472).ConclusionsInequalities in the use of primary care across sexual orientation in England exist having conditioned on several measures of health status, demographic and family practitioner characteristics. The findings suggest these differences may be reduced by policies targeting a reduction of differences in patient acceptability of primary care. In particular, further research is needed to understand whether lower use among heterosexual men represents unmet need or overutilisation among gay men, and the barriers to practitioner use seemingly occurring due to the gender distribution of practices.
Doctors’ experience of the contraceptive consultation: a qualitative study in Australia
Authors: Kelly Marguerite , Inoue Kumiyo , Black Kirsten I , Barratt Alexandra , Bateson Deborah , Rutherford Alison , Stewart Mary , Richters Juliet 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundContraception is a field in which good doctor–patient communication is crucial and core to shared decision making. Despite the centrality of contraception to primary health care in Australia, little is known about how doctors manage the contraceptive consultation. In particular, little is known about how doctors discuss sexual issues related to contraception.MethodsFifteen contraceptive providers participated in qualitative interviews averaging 45 min. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using an inductive thematic approach.ResultsWe found doctors were aware that they had to modify their illness-based ‘scripts’ in consultations about contraception, and said it was challenging always to adhere to a shared model of decision making. Prescribing behaviour reflected personal preferences in relation to some forms of contraception, and doctors were enthusiastic about the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system. Doctors identified gaps in training in relation to sexuality and reported feeling tentative in raising sexual issues, even within contraceptive consultations.ConclusionsA range of factors—including tendencies to use illness scripts, personal preferences, and discomfort with communications about sexuality—appear to influence doctors' approaches to contraceptive management. Medical training that enables doctors to move out of an illness-treating framework and to improve their understanding of and comfort in discussing sexuality issues will improve their management of healthy women seeking contraception.
Analysis of Mmp2-1306C/T and Timp2G-418C Polymorphisms with Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Aksoy Dürdane , Ateş Ömer , Kurt Semiha , Çevik Betül , Sümbül Orhan 
Published: May 2016

Aims Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, inflammatory disease characterized by loss of myelin forming oligodendrocytes and changes in the blood–brain barrier. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -2 and -9 are known to cause disruption of the blood–brain barrier, remodeling of the basal lamina, regeneration of axons, and remyelination in MS. The imbalance between MMPs and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases (TIMPs) may lead to the emergence of pathological processes such as MS. The roles of MMP2-1306 C/T and TIMP2-418 G/C genetic variants in MS have not been studied before. We aimed to investigate whether MMP2-1306C/T and TIMP2-418 G/C gene variants are risk factors for patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Methods The study included 102 RRMS and 102 healthy controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral leukocytes from ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid anticoagulated blood. Genotyping of the MMP2-1306C/T and TIMP2G-418C polymorphisms was performed using real-time PCR. Results There were significant differences in terms of distribution of genotype (MMP2-1306- CT, TT) and T allele frequency between the patients with RRMS and the control group (p<0.0001; p<0.0001). The groups were not different in terms of TIMP2G-418C polymorphisms. Conclusions In the RRMS group, the genotype and allele frequencies of MMP2-1306C/T polymorphism showed significant differences from the controls. These results indicate that MMP2 might play a role in the pathogenesis of MS even during the inflammation stage.
Conduction band population in graphene in ultrashort strong laser field: Case of massive Dirac particles
Authors: Ahmadi Z. , Goudarzi H. , Jafari A. 
Published: May 2016

The Dirac-like quasiparticles in honeycomb graphene lattice are taken to possess a non-zero effective mass. The charge carriers involve to interact with a femtosecond strong laser pulse. Due to the scattering time of electrons in graphene ([Formula: see text]10–100 fs), the one femtosecond optical pulse is used to establish the coherence effect and, consequently, it can be realized to use the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for electron coupled with strong electromagnetic field. Generalized wave vector of relativistic electrons interacting with electric field of laser pulse causes to obtain a time-dependent electric dipole matrix element. Using the coupled differential equations of a two-state system of graphene, the density of probability of population transition between valence (VB) and conduction bands (CB) of gapped graphene is calculated. In particular, the effect of bandgap energy on dipole matrix elements at the Dirac points and resulting CB population (CBP) is investigated. The irreversible electron dynamics is achieved when the optical pulse end. Increasing the energy gap of graphene results in decreasing the maximum CBP.
On the asymptotic analysis of problems involving fractional Laplacian in cylindrical domains tending to infinity
Authors: Chowdhury Indranil , Roy Prosenjit 
Published: May 2016

The paper is an attempt to investigate the issues of asymptotic analysis for problems involving fractional Laplacian where the domains tend to become unbounded in one-direction. Motivated from the pioneering work on second-order elliptic problems by Chipot and Rougirel in [On the asymptotic behaviour of the solution of elliptic problems in cylindrical domains becoming unbounded, Commun. Contemp. Math. 4(1) (2002) 15–44], where the force functions are considered on the cross-section of domains, we prove the non-local counterpart of their result.Recently in [Asymptotic behavior of elliptic nonlocal equations set in cylinders, Asymptot. Anal. 89(1–2) (2014) 21–35] Yeressian established a weighted estimate for solutions of non-local Dirichlet problems which exhibit the asymptotic behavior. The case when [Formula: see text] was also treated as an example to show how the weighted estimate might be used to achieve the asymptotic behavior. In this paper, we extend this result to each order between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].
A User-Friendly Log Viewer for Storage Systems
Authors: Basak Jayanta , Nagesh P. C. 
Published: May 2016

System log files contains messages emitted from several modules within a system and carries valuable information about the system state such as device status and error conditions and also about the various tasks within the system such as program names, execution path, including function names and parameters, and the task completion status. For customers with remote support, the system collects and transmits these logs to a central enterprise repository, where these are monitored for alerts, problem forecasting, and troubleshooting.
Very large log files limit the interpretability for the support engineers. For an expert, a large volume of log messages may not pose any problem; however, an inexperienced person may get flummoxed due to the presence of a large number of log messages. Often it is desired to present the log messages in a comprehensive manner where a person can view the important messages first and then go into details if required.
In this article, we present a user-friendly log viewer where we first hide the unimportant or inconsequential messages from the log file. A user can then click a particular hidden view and get the details of the hided messages. Messages with low utility are considered inconsequential as their removal does not impact the end user for the aforesaid purpose such as problem forecasting or troubleshooting. We relate the utility of a message to the probability of its appearance in the due context. We present machine-learning-based techniques that computes the usefulness of individual messages in a log file. We demonstrate identification and discarding of inconsequential messages to shrink the log size to acceptable limits. We have tested this over real-world logs and observed that eliminating such low value data can reduce the log files significantly (30% to 55%), with minimal error rates (7% to 20%). When limited user feedback is available, we show modifications to the technique to learn the user intent and accordingly further reduce the error.
The To-and-Fro of Sense Making
Authors: Hornecker Eva 
Published: May 2016

Based on case studies from a heritage/museum context, I present and illustrate the notion of “spatio-contextual embedding,” which conceptualizes installation designs that augment real objects and environments while keeping these primary focuses of attention. Key for this “embeddedness” is that interaction is contextualized within a meaningful setting, creating relationships between system and environment. While retaining a focus on original objects or environments, it supports user's active engagement and sense making by inviting, enticing, or forcing them to draw connections. At the heart of this is “indexing”: mindful acts of referencing back-and-forth between here and there, connecting objects or representations. Analysis of case studies provides a repertoire of examples of “indexing,” and examples for high- and low-tech installation designs that foster drawing of connections.
Two core values for design underpin the argument: (1) primacy of real objects and environments and (2) supporting human agency. The case examples highlight how technological arrangements may support or hinder indexing activity. This is condensed into potential design strategies. This article contributes to design knowledge on design for human agency, sense making, and mindful engagement with our environment. “Indexing” is relevant beyond the heritage setting domain, as part of HCI design in support of human agency.
SmartLMK
Authors: Kim Sang-Hoon , Jeong Jinkyu , Kim Jin-Soo , Maeng Seungryoul 
Published: May 2016

As the mobile computing environment evolves, users demand high-quality apps and better user experience. Consequently, memory demand in mobile devices has soared. Device manufacturers have fulfilled the demand by equipping devices with more RAM. However, such a hardware approach is only a temporary solution and does not scale well in the resource-constrained mobile environment.
Meanwhile, mobile systems adopt a new app life cycle and a memory reclamation scheme tailored for the life cycle. When a user leaves an app, the app is not terminated but cached in memory as long as there is enough free memory. If the free memory gets low, a victim app is terminated and the associated memory to the app is reclaimed. This process-level approach has worked well in the mobile environment. However, user experience can be impaired severely because the victim selection policy does not consider the user experience.

In this article, we propose a novel memory reclamation scheme called
SmartLMK
. SmartLMK minimizes the impact of the process-level reclamation on user experience. The worthiness to keep an app in memory is modeled by means of user-perceived app launch time and app usage statistics. The memory footprint and impending memory demand are estimated from the history of the memory usage. Using these values and memory models, SmartLMK picks up the least valuable apps and terminates them at once. Our evaluation on a real Android-based smartphone shows that SmartLMK efficiently distinguishes the valuable apps among cached apps and keeps those valuable apps in memory. As a result, the user-perceived app launch time can be improved by up to 13.2%.
Plan Bouquets
Authors: Dutt Anshuman , Haritsa Jayant R. 
Published: May 2016

Identifying efficient execution plans for declarative OLAP queries typically entails estimation of several predicate selectivities. In practice, these estimates often differ significantly from the values actually encountered during query execution, leading to poor plan choices and grossly inflated response times. We propose here a conceptually new approach to address this classical problem, wherein the compile-time estimation process is completely eschewed for error-prone selectivities. Instead, from the set of optimal plans in the query’s selectivity error space, a limited subset, called the “plan bouquet,” is selected such that at least one of the bouquet plans is 2-optimal at each location in the space. Then, at run time, a sequence of cost-budgeted executions from the plan bouquet is carried out, eventually finding a plan that executes to completion within its assigned budget. The duration and switching of these executions is controlled by a graded progression of isosurfaces projected onto the optimal performance profile. We prove that this construction results, for the first time, in guarantees on worst-case performance sub-optimality. Moreover, it ensures repeatable execution strategies across different invocations of a query.
We then present a suite of enhancements to the basic plan bouquet algorithm, including randomized variants, that result in significantly stronger performance guarantees. An efficient isosurface identification algorithm is also introduced to curtail the bouquet construction overheads.
The plan bouquet approach has been empirically evaluated on both PostgreSQL and a commercial DBMS, over the TPC-H and TPC-DS benchmark environments. Our experimental results indicate that it delivers substantial improvements in the worst-case behavior, without impairing the average-case performance, as compared to the native optimizers of these systems. Moreover, it can be implemented using existing optimizer infrastructure, making it relatively easy to incorporate in current database engines.
Overall, the plan bouquet approach provides novel performance guarantees that open up new possibilities for robust query processing.
Association between Body Powder Use and Ovarian Cancer: The African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES)
Authors: Schildkraut Joellen M. , Abbott Sarah E. , Alberg Anthony J. , Bandera Elisa V. , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S. , Bondy Melissa L. , Cote Michele L. , Funkhouser Ellen , Peres Lauren C. , Peters Edward S. , Schwartz Ann G. , Terry Paul , Crankshaw Sydnee , Camacho Fabian , Wang Frances , Moorman Patricia G. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Background: Epidemiologic studies indicate increased ovarian cancer risk among women who use genital powder, but this has not been thoroughly investigated in African American (AA) women, a group with a high prevalence of use. We evaluate the relationship between use of genital powder and nongenital powder in invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).
Methods: Subjects are 584 cases and 745 controls enrolled in the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES), an ongoing, population-based case–control study of EOC in AA women in 11 geographic locations in the United States. AA controls were frequency matched to cases on residence and age. Logistic regression was used to calculate ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between genital and nongenital powder exposure and EOC risk, controlling for potential confounders.
Results: Powder use was common (62.8% of cases and 52.9% of controls). Genital powder was associated with an increased risk of EOC (OR = 1.44; 95% CI, 1.11–1.86) and a dose–response relationship was found for duration of use and number of lifetime applications (P &lt; 0.05). Nongenital use was also associated with EOC risk, particularly among nonserous EOC cases (OR = 2.28; 95% CI, 1.39–3.74). An association between powder use and upper respiratory conditions suggests an enhanced inflammatory response may explain the association between body powder and EOC.
Conclusions: In a study of AA women, body powder use was significantly associated with EOC risk.
Impact: The results support that body powder is a modifiable risk factor for EOC among AA women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(10); 1411–7. ©2016 AACR.
See related commentary by Trabert, p. 1369
Loss of ARID1A Activates ANXA1, which Serves as a Predictive Biomarker for Trastuzumab Resistance
Authors: Berns Katrien , Sonnenblick Amir , Gennissen Annemiek , Brohée Sylvain , Hijmans E. Marielle , Evers Bastiaan , Fumagalli Debora , Desmedt Christine , Loibl Sibylle , Denkert Carsten , Neven Patrick , Guo Wei , Zhang Fan , Knijnenburg Theo A. , Bosse Tjalling , van der Heijden Michiel S. , Hindriksen Sanne , Nijkamp Wouter , Wessels Lodewyk F.A. , Joensuu Heikki , Mills Gordon B. , Beijersbergen Roderick L. , Sotiriou Christos , Bernards René 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Purpose: Despite the substantial progress in the development of targeted anticancer drugs, treatment failure due to primary or acquired resistance is still a major hurdle in the effective treatment of most advanced human cancers. Understanding these resistance mechanisms will be instrumental to improve personalized cancer treatment.
Experimental Design: Genome-wide loss-of-function genetic screens were performed to identify genes implicated in resistance to HER2/PI3K/mTOR targeting agents in HER2+ breast cancer cell lines. Expression and adjuvant trastuzumab response data from the HER2+ breast cancer trials FinHer and Responsify were used to validate our findings in patient series.
Results: We find that reduced ARID1A expression confers resistance to several drugs that inhibit the HER2/PI3K/mTOR signaling cascade at different levels. We demonstrate that ARID1A loss activates annexin A1 (ANXA1) expression, which is required for drug resistance through its activation of AKT. We find that the AKT inhibitor MK2206 restores sensitivity of ARID1A knockdown breast cancer cells to both the mTOR kinase inhibitor AZD8055 and trastuzumab. Consistent with these in vitro data, we find in two independent HER2+ breast cancer patient series that high ANXA1 expression is associated with resistance to adjuvant trastuzumab–based therapy.
Conclusions: Our findings provide a rationale for why tumors accumulate ARID1A mutations and identify high ANXA1 expression as a predictive biomarker for trastuzumab-based treatment. Our findings also suggest strategies to treat breast cancers with elevated ANXA1 expression. Clin Cancer Res; 22(21); 5238–48. ©2016 AACR.