bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colon Trauma: Evidence-Based Practices
Authors: Yamamoto Ryo , Muir Mark , Logue Alicia 
Published: December 2017

AbstractColon injury is not uncommon and occurs in about a half of patients with penetrating hollow viscus injuries. Despite major advances in the operative management of penetrating colon wounds, there remains discussion regarding the appropriate treatment of destructive colon injuries, with a significant amount of scientific evidence supporting segmental resection with primary anastomosis in most patients without comorbidities or large transfusion requirement. Although literature is sparse concerning the management of blunt colon injuries, some studies have shown operative decision based on an algorithm originally defined for penetrating wounds should be considered in blunt colon injuries. The optimal management of colonic injuries in patients requiring damage control surgery (DCS) also remains controversial. Studies have recently reported that there is no increased risk compared with patients treated without DCS if fascial closure is completed on the first reoperation, or that a management algorithm for penetrating colon wounds is probably efficacious for colon injuries in the setting of DCS as well.
Seasonal Variation in the Prevalence of Common Orthopaedic Upper Extremity Conditions
Authors: Henstenburg Jeffrey , Maltenfort Mitchell , Lutsky Kevin , Beredjiklian Pedro , Warrender William 
Published: December 2017

Introduction Seasonal variation in disease processes and injuries have been reported, but it is unclear if this variation exists in upper extremity disorders. The goal of this study is to characterize seasonal and weather variations in common upper extremity orthopaedic conditions.
Methods This cross-sectional study reviewed 68,943 consecutive, new patient visits from January 2010 to September 2015 for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), trigger finger (TF), DeQuervain's tenosynovitis (DeQ), lateral epicondylitis (LE), hand arthritis (OA), and distal radius fractures (DRF). Presentation rates for each condition were compared across month, season, and various weather parameters.
Results DRF, OA, and LE had a higher rate of presentation in the winter compared with all other seasons (p < 0.001). TF and DeQ showed no statistically significant seasonal differences. Higher barometric pressures were associated with higher rates of all of the diagnoses. Higher humidity was associated with lower rates of CTS, TF, DeQ, LE, and DRF (p < 0.001). There was no significant association between temperature levels or amount of precipitation.
Discussion Although the precise mechanism remains unclear, there does appear to be an impact of winter, increased barometric pressure, and higher humidity on presentation rates. Further studies are needed to determine more conclusively why this occurs.
Level of Evidence Level IV, cross-sectional study.
Choledochal Cyst and Malignancy: A Plea for Lifelong Follow-Up
Authors: Wirth Thomas , Kuebler Joachim , Petersen Claus , Ure Benno , Madadi-Sanjani Omid 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPrevious research has confirmed that patients with choledochal cyst have an elevated risk of cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder carcinoma. Current data suggest a risk of malignancy of 6 to 30% in adults with choledochal cyst. Malignancy has also occasionally been identified in children and adolescents. Multiple factors, including the age of the patient, cyst type, histological findings, and localization, have an impact on the prognosis. Information on long-term outcomes after cyst excision is limited. However, recent data suggest a lifelong elevated risk of up to 4% of cancer development following operation. This paper presents a review of the literature on cancer in patients with choledochal cyst before and after excision. A postoperative follow-up concept that consists of annual controls of CA19–9 and abdominal ultrasound is introduced.
Training und Aktivitätscoaching in verschiedenen Altersbereichen
Authors: Hottenrott K. , Ketelhut S. , Hottenrott L. 
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungAuf der Basis der von nationalen und internationalen Organisationen sowie Fachgesellschaften
herausgegebenen allgemeinen Leitlinien zur körperlichen Aktivität und Bewegungsförderung werden
differenziertere Empfehlungen für das Training der motorischen Hauptbeanspruchungsformen in verschiedenen
Altersbereichen erarbeitet. Darüber hinaus werden neue innovative Ansätze für ein personalisiertes
Aktivitätscoaching vorgestellt und diskutiert.
Zusammenhänge von motorischer Leistungsfähigkeit, Migrationshintergrund, BMI,
Sportvereinstätigkeit und TV-Konsum bei 6- bis 14-jährigen Tiroler Kindern und
Jugendlichen
Authors: Greier K. , Ruedl G. , Riechelmann H. 
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungIm vorliegenden Artikel wird untersucht, inwiefern der Migrationshintergrund ein unabhängiger Faktor für
die körperliche Fitness von Kindern und Jugendlichen ist oder ob sich der beobachtete Unterschied durch
andere Faktoren erklären lässt. An der Erhebung nahmen 3293 Primarstufen- (7,7 ± 1,2 Jahre) und
Sekundarstufenschüler (11,5 ± 1,2 Jahre) teil. Das Untersuchungskollektiv erreichte mit einem Gesamtscore
von 103,5 ± 6,9 eine überdurchschnittliche Leistung. Der Einfluss des Migrationshintergrunds konnte durch
die Faktoren Sportvereinstätigkeit, eigenes TV-Gerät im Zimmer und BMI erklärt werden, wobei der BMI den
stärksten Einfluss hatte. Aus den vorliegenden Ergebnissen lassen sich mögliche Interventions- und
Präventionsansätze herleiten.
Ernährung und Hormone
Authors: Kleine-Gunk Bernd 
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungAuch wenn viele Ärzte immer noch davor zurückschrecken, Altern als eine Krankheit zu betrachten, so
bleibt doch festzuhalten: Biologisches Altern ist der wichtigste Risikofaktor für alle Erkrankungen, die
in der westlichen Welt die Sterbestatistik anführen. Vor allem bei postmenopausalen Frauen beschleunigt
der Hormonmangel zusätzlich diverse Alterungsprozesse. Allerdings ist dieser Verlauf durchaus nicht
schicksalhaft. Durch Lebensstil und Ernährung sowie durch eine individualisierte Hormonersatztherapie ist
eine effektive Prävention in vielen Fällen möglich (▶
Abb.

1
).
Jod und Selen – Bedeutung für die Funktion der Schilddrüse
Authors: Gärtner Roland 
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Schilddrüse ist das Organ mit dem höchsten Jod- und Selengehalt. Über mehr als 100 Jahre wurde
Jodmangel als einzige Ursache der typischen Schilddrüsenerkrankungen angesehen. Hingegen hat man einen
Selenmangel bisher üblicherweise nicht mit Erkrankungen der Schilddrüse in Verbindung gebracht. In den
letzten Jahren hat sich aber gezeigt, dass Selenmangel wahrscheinlich entscheidender ist als Jod für die
Entstehung der so häufigen Autoimmunthyreoiditis und auch der Neoplasien. Etwa 1 von 7 Menschen weltweit
leiden an einem Selenmangel – ebenso viele wie an einem Jodmangel. In Deutschland und vielen europäischen
Ländern ist etwa ein Drittel der Bevölkerung betroffen.
Zugang zu Frühen Hilfen in der Kinderklinik: Belastungsscreening als klinische Routine – differenzierte Exploration und Vermittlung durch das Fachteam
Authors: Belzer Florian , Gölz Tanja , Krug Isolde , Barth Michael , Häffner Karsten 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Frühe Hilfen sollen Eltern mit kleinen Kindern früh in der Kindheit i.S. einer besonders vulnerablen Lebensphase sowie frühzeitig im Verlauf einer potenziell ungünstigen Entwicklung unterstützen, um negative Folgen mangelnder Fürsorge für die Kinder zu verhindern. Die Kinderklinik stellt hierbei einen Zugangsweg dar, der bislang wenig systematisch genutzt wird.
Methode In der vorliegenden Machbarkeitsstudie wurde an einem universitären Zentrum ein standardisiertes Risikoinventar im Routinebetrieb von Ärzten und Pflegekräften eingesetzt, um Belastungsfaktoren zu erfassen.
Ergebnisse Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ein routinemäßiges Risikoscreening im pädiatrischen Kontext praktikabel ist und dass ein substanzieller Anteil belasteter Familien, insbesondere mit Kindern unter einem Jahr erfasst wird. Hierbei waren primär psychosoziale Belastungen von Familien ausschlaggebend. Die Vermittlungsraten in Frühe Hilfen (8,5%) und Angebote der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe (11,3%) entsprechen den Literaturangaben.
Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung Das Belastungsscreening erfüllt im verdichteten Stationsalltag eine „Rufknopf-Funktion“ und ist Basis einer differenzierten weiteren Exploration der Familien durch ein qualifiziertes, interdisziplinäres Fachteam, welches die Familien ggf. auch in die passenden Hilfsangebote vermittelt. Der Zugangsweg Kinderklinik kann so niederschwellig den Zugang zu Hilfen aus dem Bereich des SGB VIII erleichtern.
Patient reported outcome – Welche Faktoren beeinflussen die Qualität der Angaben sowie die Adhärenz der
Patienten?
Authors: Thiem Helena 
Published: December 2017

Gamper EM et al. Evaluation of Noncompletion Bias and Long-Term Adherence in a 10-Year Patient-Reported Outcome Monitoring Program in
Clinical routine. Value in Health 2017; 20: 610-617
Die Datenqualität aus der klinischen Forschung ist nicht zuletzt für die Entscheidungsträger im Gesundheitswesen von großer Bedeutung. So
sollen Risiken, Nutzen und Kosten medizinischer Interventionen sowohl unter patientenrelevanten als auch gesundheitspolitischen Aspekten
beleuchtet werden. Derzeit existieren nur wenige Kenntnisse darüber, wie nachhaltig und repräsentativ die realitätsbezogenen
„real-life“-Daten aus patient reported outcomes (PROs) sind. In einer Auswertung von PRO-Daten sollten mögliche Einflussfaktoren für
unvollständige Angaben oder eine geringe Adhärenz ausgemacht werden.
Ich sehe … was?
Authors: Herzog Michael , Sengebusch Jürgen 
Published: December 2017

SummaryPlötzlich treten die Symptome auf, scheinbar aus heiterem Himmel. Sie können vermeintlich Gesunde treffen oder auch Patienten mit Vorgeschichte. Ist die Diagnose gestellt, ist schnelles Handeln oberstes Gebot.
Stress und Resilienz: Was die Iris erzählt
Authors: Biechele Hermann 
Published: December 2017

SummaryAugendiagnose ist Phänomenologie, klinische Diagnosen erschließen sich daraus nur empirisch. Strukturzeichen kennzeichnen Dispositionen und damit mögliche Einbruchstellen. Reflektorische Zeichen, Depositionszeichen und Pigmente kennzeichnen Diathesen und weisen auf typische pathophysiologische Reaktionsmuster hin.
Kosten-Nutzen-Bewertung – Methodische Hürden von Kosten-Nutzen Evaluationen zur Kataraktchirurgie
Authors: Potempa Christoph 
Published: December 2017

Hahn U et al. Results and methodologyofcostutility evaluation of cataract surgery in developed countries: Quality-adjusted life years. J
Cataract Refract Surg 2017; 43: 839–847
Im Rahmen eines systematischen Reviews haben die Autoren um Hahn et al. die Ergebnisse und Methoden unterschiedlicher
gesundheitsökonomischer Studien zur Kataraktchirurgie analysiert. Sie fanden Hinweise auf ein vorteilhaftes Kosten-Nutzen-Verhältnis von
Kataraktoperationen, problematisieren jedoch gleichzeitig die Heterogenität von Studiendesigns und methodischen Ansätzen.
Therapietreue – Einfluss der Depression auf die Medikamenten-Persistenz von Antidiabetika
Authors: Blaich Cornelia 
Published: December 2017

Lunghi C et al. The Association between Depression and Medication Nonpersistence in New Users of Antidiabetic Drugs. Value Health 2017; 20:
728–735
Diabetes ist eine der häufigsten chronischen Krankheiten weltweit. Diabetes-Patienten haben zudem ein höheres Risiko, eine Depression zu
entwickeln, die wiederum das Risiko für diabetische Komplikationen erhöht. Die Langzeitkontrolle des Blutzuckerspiegels und die damit
verbundene Prävention von Folgeerkrankungen werden maßgeblich von der Therapietreue der Patienten beeinflusst.
A growing microcolony can survive and support persistent propagation of virulent phages
Authors: Eriksen Rasmus Skytte , Svenningsen Sine L. , Sneppen Kim , Mitarai Namiko 
Published: December 2017

Significance
Bacteria are repeatedly exposed to an excess of phages and carry evidence of this in terms of multiple defense mechanisms encoded in their genome. In addition to molecular mechanisms, bacteria may exploit the defense of spatial refuges. Here we demonstrate how bacteria can limit the impact of a virulent phage attack by growing as a colony which exposes only its surface to phages. We identify a critical size of the initial colony, below which the phages entirely eliminate the colony and above which the colony continues to grow despite the presence of phages. Our study suggests that coexistence of phages and bacteria is strongly influenced by the spatial composition of microcolonies of susceptible bacteria.
Mathematical picture language program
Authors: Jaffe Arthur M. , Liu Zhengwei 
Published: December 2017

SignificanceWe reevaluate ways that one can use pictures, not only to gain mathematical insights, but also to prove mathematical theorems. As an example, we describe ways that the quon language, invented to study quantum information, sheds light on several other areas of mathematics. It results in proofs and algebraic identities of interest in several fields. Motivated by this success, we outline a picture-language program for further research.
Structure of the human monomeric NEET protein MiNT and its role in regulating iron and reactive oxygen species in cancer cells
Authors: Lipper Colin H. , Karmi Ola , Sohn Yang Sung , Darash-Yahana Merav , Lammert Heiko , Song Luhua , Liu Amy , Mittler Ron , Nechushtai Rachel , Onuchic José N. , Jennings Patricia A. 
Published: December 2017

SignificanceNEET proteins belong to a unique family of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) proteins that regulate iron and reactive oxygen homeostasis and are involved in the progression of cancer, diabetes, neurodegeneration, and aging. Of the three human NEET proteins, the structure and function of the mitochondrial matrix-localized mitochondrial inner NEET protein (MiNT) are unknown. Here, we show that MiNT is a pseudosymmetrical monomeric protein that contains two distinct Fe-S cluster-binding motifs. MiNT transfers its clusters to the human mitochondrial ferredoxins FDX1/adrenodoxin and FDX2 and is required for regulating iron and reactive oxygen species levels in the mitochondria. Our study demonstrates that although MiNT differs in structure and localization from its homodimeric NEET counterparts, it nevertheless cooperates with them in the same important pathway.
Modern diversification of the amino acid repertoire driven by oxygen
Authors: Granold Matthias , Hajieva Parvana , Toşa Monica Ioana , Irimie Florin-Dan , Moosmann Bernd 
Published: December 2017

Significance
All life uses the same 20 amino acids, but only 7–13 early amino acids seem to be indispensable to build functional proteins. Thus, what triggered the introduction of the additional amino acids? Employing quantum chemical calculations and biochemical experiments, we find that the additional amino acids have become systematically “softer” (Ralph G. Pearson) over time, more redox-reactive, and more capable of protecting cells from destruction by oxygen free radicals. Hence, it appears that molecular oxygen forced life to incorporate novel amino acids with augmented redox properties into the genetic code. The present study provides a plausible scenario for a more than 80-y-old problem of fundamental biochemistry: Why these 20 amino acids?
Neural induction by the node and placode induction by head mesoderm share an initial state resembling neural plate border and ES cells
Authors: Trevers Katherine E. , Prajapati Ravindra S. , Hintze Mark , Stower Matthew J. , Strobl Anna C. , Tambalo Monica , Ranganathan Ramya , Moncaut Natalia , Khan Mohsin A. F. , Stern Claudio D. , Streit Andrea 
Published: December 2017

SignificanceIt is generally believed that the outcome of many inductive interactions occurring during development is largely dependent on the responding tissue, the source of the signals playing a relatively minor part. Here, we compare induction of the neural plate by the node, and of placodes by the head mesoderm, and show that both inducing tissues elicit a similar initial response but that they later diverge. We characterize the initial common state by a variety of methods and show its similarity to ES cells, suggesting that these inductions may begin with a common “reprogramming” step. This initial state also shares many features in common with the border of the neural plate, suggesting that this region retains features of a “ground state.”
Challenges in Using Real-world Clinical Practice Records for Validation of Clinical Trial Data in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Lessons Learned
Authors: Afzali Anita , Ciorba Matthew A , Schwartz David A , Sharaf Mai , Fourment Chris , Ritter Timothy , Wolf Douglas C , Shafran Ira , Randall Charles W , Kane Sunanda V 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Electronic medical records (EMRs) have gained widespread use in clinical practice and by default serve as a large patient database with potential for use in clinical research. Although there remains significant interest in leveraging EMRs for research purposes, extraction of data has proven to be complex and with insufficient accuracy. We describe the limitations of an EMR in our attempt to conduct a seemingly simple study aimed at validating variables identified in the PRECiSE 3, a 7-year open label safety and efficacy study of certolizumab pegol in Crohn’s disease that identified clinical factors that predicted both short- and long-term efficacy. A multicenter, retrospective cohort study from 8 academic and large community practices was performed, and data were collected from each respective EMR. Significant challenges with reliable capture of key data elements were encountered, and overall a screen fail rate of 91.8% across all sites was seen. We describe these challenges and potential future directions to work together to advance accuracy and implementation of the use of EMRs in inflammatory bowel disease.
Targeting Mucosal Endothelin-A-Receptor Expression by Fluorescence Endoscopy is Feasible to Detect and Characterize Colitis-Associated Cancer in Mice
Authors: Mücke Marcus M , Bettenworth Dominik , Geyer Christiane , Schwegmann Katrin , Poremba Christopher , Schäfers Michael , Domagk Dirk , Höltke Carsten , Lenz Philipp 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Background
To facilitate onsite decision-making during endoscopy, both accurate detection and in vivo characterization of preneoplasia are prerequisites. However, no endoscopy technique is available that meets both demands satisfactorily. We evaluated endothelin-receptor A (ETAR)-guided fluorescence endoscopy (FE) in vivo and fluorescence reflectance imaging (FRI) ex vivo for detection and characterization of early dysplastic colitis-associated colonic lesions.

Methods
Colorectal cancerogenesis was investigated in the inflammatory driven AOM-DSS model and spontaneous adenoma development in ApcMin mice. A Cy5.5-labeled nonpeptidic ETAR-specific imaging probe was injected intravenously to assess tumor development in vivo by white light endoscopy (WLE) and FE. Ex vivo tumors were evaluated by FRI, histological examination, and western blot analysis. In addition, tissue samples from patients with colitis-associated malignant and nonmalignant mucosal alterations were analyzed. Specificity experiments were performed using an unspecific Cy3.5-glycine tracer.

Results
Overall, 62 adenomas were observed. FE was able to detect and quantify ETAR expression targeting the ETAR-specific photoprobe. A significantly higher fluorescent contrast was detected in colonic adenomas compared to adjacent nonmalignant mucosa by FE (64.3 ± 7.9 vs. 56.6. ± 7.0; P &lt; 0.001). These results were confirmed by FRI examination, immunochemistry, and western blot analysis. Additionally, ETAR expression in samples from human patients with colitis-associated cancer was highly elevated compared to nonmalignant alterations. Specificity experiments indicated a high binding-specificity of the applied ETAR photoprobe (1.4 ± 0.3 vs. 2.5 ± 0.7; P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
We introduced ETAR guided FE in mice for successful in vivo detection and characterization of colorectal neoplasia on a molecular level.
Prebiotic Supplementation Following Ileocecal Resection in a Murine Model is Associated With a Loss of Microbial Diversity and Increased Inflammation
Authors: Laffin Michael , Perry Troy , Park Heekuk , Hotte Naomi , Fedorak Richard N , Thiesen Aducio , Dicken Bryan , Madsen Karen L 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Background
Individuals with Crohn’s disease frequently require ileocecal resection (ICR), and inflammation often recurs in the neoterminal ileum following surgery. Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) is a fermentable prebiotic that stimulates the growth of bifidobacteria and may promote anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this study was to determine if supplementation of a postICR diet with FOS in a mouse model would be effective in stimulating the growth of bifidobacteria and reducing systemic and local inflammation.

Methods
ICR was performed in IL10-/- mice (129S1/SvlmJ) with colitis. Following surgery, nonICR control and ICR mice were fed a chow diet ± 10% FOS for 28 days. Serum, colon, and terminal ileum (TI) were analyzed for cytokine expression by MesoScale discovery platform. DNA extracted from stool was analyzed using 16s rRNA sequencing and qPCR. Expression of occludin and ZO1 was assessed using qPCR. Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations were assessed using gas chromatography.

Results
ICR led to increased systemic inflammation (P &lt; 0.05) and a significant decline in fecal microbial diversity (P &lt; 0.05). Mice on the FOS diet had a greater reduction in microbial diversity and also had worsened inflammation as evidenced by increased serum IL-6 (P &lt; 0.05) and colonic IFNγ and TNFα (P &lt; 0.05). Expression of occludin and ZO1 were significantly reduced in FOS-supplemented mice. There was a correlation between loss of diversity and the bifidogenic effectiveness of FOS (r = -0.61, P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions
FOS-supplementation of a postICR diet resulted in a decrease in fecal bacterial diversity, reduction in barrier function, and increased gut inflammation.
Payments and Intimate Ties in Transnationally Brokered Marriages
Authors: Kim Julie S 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHow do women make sense of marriages that start with payments and brokers? This study explores the sustenance of connected lives through relational work by analyzing how women from Asia who marry South Korean men in transnationally brokered marriages understand money and marriage. Evidence from 31 in-depth interviews elucidates the different ways in which women manage their social and economic relations in their home country and their destination country, and how the negotiation of those ties impacts marriage decisions and experiences. The case extends our understanding of relational work by uncovering its dynamic nature as women’s changing expectations reconfigure their relations with family, brokers and husbands, and, in turn, reformulate their monetary practices. Examining women’s relational work also reveals micro-processes that underlie macro-level trends in the flow of money, information and people in Asia, lending an understanding of broader transnational processes.
Screening mammography for average-risk women
Authors: Kaunitz Andrew M. , Pinkerton JoAnn V. , Ghate Sujata V. , Wolf Andrew M.D. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This Practice Pearl describes an approach to screening mammography for average-risk women that encourages the use of shared decision-making that addresses benefits (early diagnosis and decreased mortality) and potential harms (false positives and overdiagnosis/overtreatment) in determining screening mammography initiation, frequency, and duration for women at average risk of breast cancer.