bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leukocyte Populations are Associated with Heart Rate Variability After a Triathlon
Authors: Cruz Germán Hernández , Orellana José Naranjo , Taraco Adrián Rosas , Colmenero Blanca Rangel 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze cellular immune components and their association with heart rate variability in triathlon athletes. Twelve athletes were included (age 36.41 ± 5.57 years, body mass 81.84 ± 10.97 kg) and blood samples were taken one week before, immediately, at 2 and 48 hours, and one week after competition. Total lymphocytes and their subpopulations, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils and monocytes were analyzed. At the same time, heart rate variability was recorded for 30 minutes using Polar Team2®. A significant difference between lymphocyte subpopulations and heart rate variability was found in the different study periods. A positive correlation was found between total lymphocytes and rMSSD (r = .736, p <0.05), CD3+ and rMSSD (r = .785, p <0.05), and CD4+ and rMSSD (r = .795, p < 0.05) at the end of the competition. After one week of competition, a negative correlation was found between eosinophils and MRR, SDNN, pNN50, and rMSSD (p <0.01); and basophils and MRR, SDNN, pNN50, and rMSSD (p <0.01); while a positive correlation was found between CD19+ (B cells) and pNN50 (r = .678, p <0.05). Our results suggest that it is possible to predict the effect of training with regard to the athlete's performance.
Mechanical Differences between Barbell and Body Optimum Power Loads in the Jump Squat Exercise
Authors: Loturco Irineu , Pereira Lucas A. , Zanetti Vinicius , Kitamura Katia , Abad César C. Cal , Kobal Ronaldo , Nakamura Fabio Y. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This study compared the values of bar-peak force (PFBar) and power (PPBar), body-peak force (PFBody) and power (PPBody) and bar-mean propulsive power (MPPBar) in different jump-squat (JS) conditions: unloaded condition (UC); bar-loaded condition (BLC) and optimum bar-MPP condition (OBC). Twenty-five soccer players performed the JS using a bar with negligible mass (UC), using the Smith-machine bar (BLC) and using the load capable of maximizing the bar-MPP (OBC). The PFBody was significantly higher in the UC (2847.9 ± 489.1 N) than in the OBC (2655.4 ± 444.3 N). The UC presented greater PPBody (3775.9 ± 631.5 W) than the BLC (3359.7 ± 664.3 W) and OBC (3357.8 ± 625.3 W). The OBC presented higher values of PFBar, PPBar and MPPBar (676.2 ± 109.4 W) than the BLC (MPPBar = 425.8 ± 53.7 W) (all p < 0.05). In the OBC (compared to the UC), the body peak-power presented a reduction of ≈ 11%, while generating bar-power output from ≈ 59 to 73% higher than the BLC. While the fact that the body-peak power is maximized in the UC denotes a mechanical phenomenon, the bar-optimum load represents an intensity at which both components of the power equation (force and velocity) are optimized. This has important implications for sports training.
Developing Talented Soccer Players: An Analysis of Socio-Spatial Factors as Possible Key Constraints
Authors: Serra-Olivares Jaime , Pastor-Vicedo Juan C. , González-Víllora Sixto , Teoldo da Costa Israel 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Most studies on the identification and development of soccer talent have been one-dimensional in nature. Although some multi-dimensional analyses have been conducted, few research studies have assessed in any depth the socio-spatial factors influencing talent development. The aim of this particular study was to analyse variations in the international representation of clubs (n = 821) and countries (n = 59) in the development of players who took part in the 2014 FIFA Soccer World Cup. Clubs and countries were ranked and divided into quartiles according to the number of players developed between the ages of 15 and 21 (clubs and countries that developed players for at least three years between these ages) and the number of official league matches played by these players up to the age of 23. Significant variations were observed between clubs in terms of the number of developed players who took part in the World Cup and the number of official league matches played by these players up to the age of 23 (p < .05), and also between countries (p < .05). The findings reveal the need to carry out more in-depth studies into the type of training and competition engaged in by elite players in the period of development between the ages of 15 and 21. It may be the case that these factors are potentially decisive socio-spatial constraints in the development of soccer talent.
Does the MTHFR A1298C Polymorphism Modulate the Cardiorespiratory Response to Training?
Authors: Cięszczyk Paweł , Zarębska Aleksandra , Jastrzębski Zbigniew , Sawczyn Michał , Kozakiewicz-Drobnik Izabela , Leońska-Duniec Agata , Kaczmarczyk Mariusz , Maciejewska-Skrendo Agnieszka , Żmijewski Piotr , Trybek Grzegorz , Smółka Wojciech , Pilch Jan , Leźnicka Katarzyna , Lulińska-Kuklik Ewelina , Sawczuk Marek , Massidda Myosotis 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR) A1298C polymorphic variant is a candidate to explain the individual differences in trainability and response to exercise training. Therefore, the aim of the study was to verify whether the A1298C polymorphism influenced the aerobic and anaerobic performance as well as body and mass composition in young Polish women following low-high impact aerobic exercise training. Two hundred and one women aged 21 ± 1 years (range 19–24) were included in the study. All of them completed a 12-week exercise training program and were measured for selected somatic features, aerobic capacity and cardiorespiratory fitness indices as well as peak anaerobic power and anaerobic capacity, before and after the intervention. A mixed 2 x 2 ANOVA for 20 dependent variables grouped in three categories was conducted. No significant interaction of the genotype with training for body mass and body composition variables was observed. Although, there were three significant genotype x training interactions for maximal oxygen uptake variables, regardless of body mass i.e.: for VO2max (p < 0.05), HRmax (p < 0.0001) and HRAT/HRmax (p < 0.0001). Significantly greater improvement in VO2max was gained by the CC+AC group compared to the AA genotype group. The present results support the hypothesis that individual differences in trainability are at least in part determined by the genetic component and MTHFR A1298C seems to be one of the many polymorphisms involved.
Monitoring steroid replacement therapy in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Authors: Birkebaek Niels H. , Hougaard David M. , Cohen Arieh S. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackground:The objective of this study was to compare the analysis of 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) by radio-immunoassay (RIA) in serum with analysis by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on dried blood spot samples (DBSS) for monitoring therapy in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), and to investigate differences in 17-OHP values during the day.Methods:Fourteen children (8 females), median age 4.2 (0.3–16.0) years, were studied. Serum samples and DBSS were drawn before hydrocortisone dosing.Results:17-OHP by LC-MS/MS in DBSS were highly correlated to 17-OHP by RIA in serum, r=0.956, p<0.01. A total of 26 three-time-point series were investigated. Using only the afternoon 17-OHP values to determine the hydrocortisone doses would have led to overdosing seven times and underdosing six times.Conclusions:Good agreement was demonstrated between 17-OHP determination by RIA in serum and LC-MS/MS on DBSS. Multiple 17-OHP measurements per day are required to ensure sufficient hydrocortisone dose adjustment.
Crystal structure of (E)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-6-methoxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one, C19H18O4
Authors: El-Sayed Nahed N.E. , Almaneai Norah M. , Ghabbour Hazem A. , Alafeefy Ahmed M. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
C19H18O4, orthorhombic, Pbcn, a = 21.1472(8) Å, b = 9.7978(4) Å, c = 14.5181(6) Å, V = 3008.1(2) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0520, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1194, T = 100(2).
Lipid nanotechnologies for structural studies of membrane-associated clotting proteins by cryo-electron microscopy
Authors: Stoilova-McPhie Svetla 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBiological membranes surround all living cells, confining internal organelles and participating in a variety of essential cellular functions, such as signaling, electrolyte balance, and energy conversion. Cell membranes are structurally and chemically heterogeneous environment composed of numerous types of lipids arranged as a continuous bilayer. The assembly of protein complexes at the membrane surface is responsible for fundamental biological processes such as synaptic transmission, blood coagulation, and apoptosis. Resolving the macromolecular organization of these complexes at the membrane surface will help to understand the structural basis of their function and significance for the associated biological processes. In this review, we present our work on direct structure determination of membrane-bound clotting factors, specifically factor VIII (FVIII), by cryogenic electron microscopy (CryoEM). To resolve the FVIII membrane-bound organization, we have optimized lipid nanostructures resembling the activated platelet membrane. Combining structural CryoEM, capable of near-atomic resolution, with customized lipid nanotechnologies is a powerful approach to investigate how the cellular membrane can modulate protein function at close to physiological conditions. The outcome will open novel avenues for developing lipid nanotechnologies of diverse shapes and composition that can be optimized for various protein systems, germane for both drug delivery and macromolecular structure determination.
Reversible stacking of lipid nanodiscs for structural studies of clotting factors
Authors: Grushin Kirill , White Mark Andrew , Stoilova-McPhie Svetla 
Published: December 2016

AbstractNanodiscs (ND) are discoidal phospholipid bilayers stabilized by a pair of membrane-scaffolding proteins (MSP). The macromolecular composition and size of ND are ideal for structural and functional studies of membrane and membrane-associated proteins. In this work, we investigate the assembly of ND from a galactosylceramide and dioleoyl phosphatidylserine (PS) lipid mixture with two different MSP and at four MSP-to-lipid ratios. This lipid composition has been optimized for structural and biophysical studies of membrane-bound blood clotting factors that require Ca2+ ions for function. We have demonstrated that CaCl2 induces reversible stacking of the ND that depends on the ND size and Ca2+ concentrations. Our biophysical and electron microscopy (EM) studies show a predominant ND population of ~12 nm in diameter for both the ND assembled from MSP1D1 to lipids ratio of 1:40 and from MSP1E3D1-to-lipids ratio of 1:80. Approximately half of the ND population assembled at MSP1E3D1-to-lipids ratio of 1:150 has a diameter of ~16 nm. These larger ND form ordered stacks at 5-mm Ca2+ concentrations, as shown by cryo-EM. The number and length of the ND stacks increase with the increasing in Ca2+ concentration. Adding millimolar concentrations of EDTA reverses the stacking of the ND.
Nanoscale lipid membrane mimetics in spin-labeling and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of protein structure and function
Authors: Georgieva Elka R. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCellular membranes and associated proteins play critical physiological roles in organisms from all life kingdoms. In many cases, malfunction of biological membranes triggered by changes in the lipid bilayer properties or membrane protein functional abnormalities lead to severe diseases. To understand in detail the processes that govern the life of cells and to control diseases, one of the major tasks in biological sciences is to learn how the membrane proteins function. To do so, a variety of biochemical and biophysical approaches have been used in molecular studies of membrane protein structure and function on the nanoscale. This review focuses on electron paramagnetic resonance with site-directed nitroxide spin-labeling (SDSL EPR), which is a rapidly expanding and powerful technique reporting on the local protein/spin-label dynamics and on large functionally important structural rearrangements. On the other hand, adequate to nanoscale study membrane mimetics have been developed and used in conjunction with SDSL EPR. Primarily, these mimetics include various liposomes, bicelles, and nanodiscs. This review provides a basic description of the EPR methods, continuous-wave and pulse, applied to spin-labeled proteins, and highlights several representative applications of EPR to liposome-, bicelle-, or nanodisc-reconstituted membrane proteins.
Proteoliposomes – a system to study membrane proteins under buffer gradients by cryo-EM
Authors: Sejwal Kushal , Chami Mohamed , Baumgartner Paul , Kowal Julia , Müller Shirley A. , Stahlberg Henning 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMembrane proteins are vital to life and major therapeutic targets. Yet, understanding how they function is limited by a lack of structural information. In biological cells, membrane proteins reside in lipidic membranes and typically experience different buffer conditions on both sides of the membrane or even electric potentials and transmembrane gradients across the membranes. Proteoliposomes, which are lipidic vesicles filled with reconstituted membrane proteins, provide an ideal model system for structural and functional studies of membrane proteins under conditions that mimic nature to a certain degree. We discuss methods for the formation of liposomes and proteoliposomes, their imaging by cryo-electron microscopy, and the structural analysis of proteins present in their bilayer. We suggest the formation of ordered arrays akin to weakly ordered two-dimensional (2D) crystals in the bilayer of liposomes as a means to achieve high-resolution, and subsequent buffer modification as a method to capture snapshots of membrane proteins in action.
Temporal variation of the soft-bottom molluscan fauna in north-western İskenderun Bay (Levantine Sea)
Authors: Bakır Banu Bitlis , Öztürk Bilal , Doğan Alper , Türkçü Neslihan 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The present study was performed to follow temporal variation of the soft-bottom molluscan fauna in north-western Iskenderun Bay. The benthic material was collected at a depth ranging from 3 to 37 m at 12 sampling locations by the van Veen grab sampler in the summer season of 2012, 2013 and 2014. A total of 133 species were identified in the study area through the examination of the collected material. Among the identified species, Corbula gibba (Olivi, 1792), Bittium reticulatum (da Costa, 1778), Nassarius pygmaeus (Lamarck, 1822), Cerithidium diplax (Watson, 1886) and Finella pupoides Adams, A., 1860 have the highest values of the frequency index. According to the Bray-Curtis similarity index, these species also have an important effect on the similarity between the stations. Furthermore, C. diplax and F. pupoides are alien species to the Mediterranean.
Phytoplankton distribution and variation along a freshwater-marine transition zone (Kızılırmak River) in the Black Sea
Authors: Baytut Özgür , Gönülol Arif 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Both phytoplankton of the Kizilirmak River/Black Sea transition zone and their interactions with nutrients were investigated between July 2007 and December 2008. A total of 447 taxa belonging to the divisions: Cyanobacteria (24), Bacillariophyta (209), Bigyra (1), Cercozoa (1), Charophyta (11), Chlorophyta (32), Cryptophyta (11), Miozoa (119), Euglenozoa (14), Haptophyta (13), Ochrophyta (10) and Protozoa Incertae Sedis (2) were identified at 5 different sites in the study area. Seventy four taxa were recognized as new records for the Algal Flora of Turkey and 41 taxa were determined as HAB (Harmful Algal Bloom) organisms.
According to the hierarchical clustering and MDS analyses, surface phytoplankton were distributed along the salinity gradient from freshwater to saline waters, and the early spring samples were separated from the other samples. However, in addition to the agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis, the samples were divided into four groups – “Fresh”, “Brackish”, “Marine” and “Early spring-Marine” – as a result of MDS analysis.
The results of this study revealed that the surface phytoplankton were influenced by the salinity and the Secchi Disc depth together with the seasonal water temperature dynamics and NO3-N concentrations throughout the research period.
Occurrence of microcystins and anatoxin-a in eutrophic lakes of Saint Petersburg, Northwestern Russia
Authors: Chernova Ekaterina , Russkikh Iana , Voyakina Ekaterina , Zhakovskaya Zoya 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Cyanobacteria are natural components of many freshwater bodies worldwide. In Russian lakes, the presence of potentially toxic cyanobacteria was also frequently observed. Our study was conducted in Sestroretskij Razliv Lake (Razliv) and Lower Suzdal Lake (Suzdal) in Saint Petersburg region, Northwestern Russia, which differ from one another in eutrophic status and composition of the phytoplankton community. In large, shallow, artificial and hypertrophic Razliv, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Microcystis spp. dominated. Fourteen microcystin variants were identified in this lake. The maximum concentration of extracellular microcystins was 41.37 μg l−1. In eutrophic and shallow Suzdal, dominated by Planktothrix agardhii, nine microcystin variants and anatoxin-a (<0.54 μg l−1) were found. The maximum total concentration of extracellular MCs in this lake was 2.89 μg l−1. Regular studies into the production of cyanotoxins in these water bodies were carried out for the first time. The analyses performed with the application of high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry revealed the presence of microcystins in 59% of the samples collected during a 3-year study. Since both lakes are used for recreational purposes, the regular monitoring program should be implemented to protect water users from a potential risk that was identified in our study.
Assessment of the climate and human impact on estuarine water environments in two estuaries of the Bay of Biscay
Authors: Iriarte Arantza , Villate Fernando , Uriarte Ibon , Arranz Santiago 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The effect of climate variability on estuarine water environments was assessed in two systems of the Bay of Biscay, the estuaries of Bilbao and Urdaibai, with contrasting morphology, hydrodynamic features and anthropogenic influence. To that purpose, the main time scales of variability in relevant environmental factors were established along spatial salinity gradients and, using a combination of multivariate and regression analyses, the contribution of each factor to the total variability, as well as the influence of climate factors in the seasonal and inter-annual estuarine environment variations were assessed. The major seasonal modes of variability in the water environments of both estuaries were accounted for by water temperature together with salinity stratification and/or chlorophyll a. This seasonal variability was associated with climate variability, as shown by the relationship with air temperature and river flow. The major inter-annual modes of variability were also accounted for by water temperature, along with dissolved oxygen and/or chlorophyll a in Bilbao, and chlorophyll a and/or transparency in Urdaibai. These were also associated with climate variability, in this case summer air temperatures. Water quality variables, such as dissolved oxygen and transparency, were found to be sensitive to reveal the effect of long term anthropogenic activities.
The relationship between phytoplankton and fish in nutrient-rich shallow Lake Qarun, Egypt
Authors: Napiórkowska-Krzebietke Agnieszka , Hussian Abd-Ellatif M. , Abd El-Monem Ahmed M. , El-Far Alaa M. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The present study focused on the determination of the baseline data and correlations between biological and physicochemical variables, including the assessment of trophic conditions in Lake Qarun. The concentrations of nutrients were high, with the maxima usually in the east subarea (total nitrogen 6.40 mg dm-3, mineral nitrogen 2.34 mg dm-3, orthophosphates 0.22 mg dm-3). A total of 134 phytoplankton species were recorded. Bacillariophyceae and Dinophyceae co-dominated spatially and seasonally in phytoplankton assemblages. The highest phytoplankton density (935 × 104 cells dm-3) and chlorophyll a content (69.3 μg dm-3) were recorded in the east subarea of the lake, whereas the largest total and dominant fish (Mugil cephalus and Solea spp.) were in the west. Tilapia zillii and Engraulis encrasicolus were most abundant in the east and in the middle part, respectively. When phytoplankton density decreased from the east toward the west subarea, the Secchi disk depth increased. The TLI-based assessment indicated hypereutrophic waters at most sites of Lake Qarun. Statistically significant positive or negative correlations were found between the dominant fish species: T. zillii and Solea spp., and the phytoplankton density, Dinophyceae density, concentrations of TP, chlorophyll a, ammonium, nitrite and nitrate. Such correlations may be helpful to better understand how to enhance the sustainable fish production.
Rare and new records of diatoms in Turkey from Kütahya flowing waters
Authors: Solak Cuneyt N. , Kulikovskiy Maxim S. , Kaleli Aydın , Gönülol Arif 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Diatoms are one of the key organisms used in biomonitoring studies and they occur in a wide variety of environments, exhibiting a broad range of tolerance to abiotic factors. Historically, the first freshwater diatom study in Turkey was conducted in 1844 by Ehrenberg based on the material collected from the Murat and Aras Rivers. Situated between large continents (Eurasia and Africa), Turkey comprises areas of very diverse geological, climatic and environmental conditions, so we should expect that organisms such as diatoms show high diversity in this region. The aim of this study is to present new sites of rare and new records in Turkey from different genera along with morphological and ecological characteristics. As a result, a total of 73 species (24 rare and 49 new records) are presented in this study.
The utilization and apparent ruminal digestibility
of dual-purpose food plots for wildlife and cattle
grazing
Authors: Springer M. T. , Atkinson R. L. , Armit L. , Nielsen C. K. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine
cattle and deer utilization of nine different varieties of
forage cereal grains. Yield and forage quality were also
determined as well as apparent ruminal digestibility
of select forage cereal grains. Cattle preferred annual
ryegrass, followed by the oat varieties compared to wheat
varieties. Deer preferred the wheat varieties and utilized
the plots for the first nine weeks of the study but utilization
decreased when cattle were introduced to the area.
The annual cereal rye yielded the most tons per hectare
followed by wheat varieties then the oat and other rye
varieties. Apparent ruminal digestibility was determined
through the use of fermenters that were randomly
assigned to one of the following primary forage source:
1) fescue grass hay (GH); 2) ryegrass (RYE); 3) Buck Master
Wheat (BMW); or 4) Buck Forage Oat (BFO). Dry matter
digestibility was greater for RYE and BMW compared to
GH and BFO. Neutral detergent fiber and CP digestibility
were greater for RYE and BMW compared to GH and BFO.
All varieties have the ability to extend grazing but more
research needs to be done to determine best management
practices for common use land areas.