bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invasive
Drosophila suzukii
facilitates
Drosophila melanogaster
infestation and sour rot outbreaks in the vineyards
Authors: Rombaut A. , Guilhot R. , Xuéreb A. , Benoit L. , Chapuis M. P.  , Gibert P. , Fellous S. 
Published: March 2017

How do invasive pests affect interactions between members of pre-existing agrosystems? The invasive pest
Drosophila suzukii
is suspected to be involved in the aetiology of sour rot, a grapevine disease that otherwise develops following
Drosophila melanogaster
infestation of wounded berries. We combined field observations with laboratory assays to disentangle the relative roles of both
Drosophila
in disease development. We observed the emergence of numerous
D. suzukii
, but no
D. melanogaster
flies, from bunches that started showing mild sour rot symptoms days after field collection. However, bunches that already showed severe rot symptoms in the field mostly contained
D. melanogaster
. In the laboratory, oviposition by
D. suzukii
triggered sour rot development. An independent assay showed the disease increased grape attractiveness to ovipositing
D. melanogaster
females. Our results suggest that in invaded vineyards,
D. suzukii
facilitates
D. melanogaster
infestation and, consequently, favours sour rot outbreaks. Rather than competing with close species, the invader subsequently permits their reproduction in otherwise non-accessible resources and may cause more frequent, or more extensive, disease outbreaks.
The Cellular Expression and Genetics of Purple Body (Pb) in the Ocular Media of the GuppyPoecilia reticulata
Authors: Bias Alan S. , Squire Richard D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractOur study revealed the presence of all major classes of chromatophores (melanophores, xanthophores, erythrophores, violet-blue iridophores, xantho-erythrophores) and crystalline platelets in various combinations in the iris and ocular media (cornea, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, outer lens membrane) ofPoecilia reticulata. This novel ocular media study ofP. reticulatatakes into account the distinct interactions of Purple Body (Pb) based on results of previous Bias and Squire Purple Body (Pb) publications. Taken in conjunction with other researcher’s published results (regarding UV reflected color and pattern, vision, mate choice, individual preferences, and opsin capabilities) this indicates that these ocular chromatophore populations together create a complex ocular filter mechanism. This mechanism in turn provides spectral capabilities into the UV and Near-UV wavelengths in both Pb and non-Pb individuals. The chromatophores in the cornea, aqueous humor, covering membranes of the lens, and the vitreous humor comprise an ocular filter system that could reduce UV damage to the internal structures of the eye. The guppy’s ability to use UVA as a visual component provides a “private signally system” that cannot be detected by some predators. While non-Pb guppies should derive benefit in the near-UV from violet-blue iridophore units, greater benefit will be derived by Pb individuals with more violet iridophores functioning in the lower UV and near-UV wavelengths. To our knowledge little has been published forP. reticulataconcerning pigmentation within the guppy eye. Macroscopic and microscopic imagery is presented.
The Phenotypic Expression of Purple Body (Pb) in Domestic Guppy Strains ofPoecilia reticulata
Authors: Bias Alan S. , Squire Richard D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractModification of wild-type carotenoid orange and pteridine red coloration and spotting of male ornaments in modern Domestic Guppy Strains (Poecilia reticulata reticulata) by the naturally occurring Purple Body gene (Pb) has been long incorporated into their strains by Pedigree Stock Breeders. It is inherited as an autosomal incompletely dominant trait. Its existence has allowed breeders to produce a vast array of Purple based phenotypes. Photographic evidence demonstrates that Purple Body is a normal polymorphism in domestic guppies modifying color pigmented regions. When combined with currently used mutant genes such as Albino, Blond, Golden, Asian Blau, Coral Red, Magenta, Grass, Moscow, Pink, Platinum, Red Mosaic, Multicolor, and Full Red, startling new phenotypes are created. The recently described Purple Body gene (Bias and Squire 2017a, 2017b, and 2017c) has long been overlooked in research articles and little understood in breeder publications.
Bidirectional changes of hepatic and peripheral insulin clearance characterize abnormal temporal patterns of serum insulin concentration in diabetic subjects
Authors: Ohashi Kaoru , Fujii Masashi , Uda Shinsuke , Kubota Hiroyuki , Komada Hisako , Sakaguchi Kazuhiko , Ogawa Wataru , Kuroda Shinya 
Published: March 2017

AbstractInsulin plays a central role in glucose homeostasis, and impairment of insulin action causes glucose intolerance and leads to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A decrease in the transient peak and sustained increase of circulating insulin by glucose infusion accompany T2DM pathogenesis. However, the mechanism underlying this abnormal temporal pattern of circulating insulin concentration remains unknown. Here we show that bidirectional changes of hepatic and peripheral insulin clearance characterize this abnormal temporal pattern of circulating insulin concentration during the progression of T2DM. We developed a mathematical model using a hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in 111 subjects, including healthy normoglycemic and diabetic subjects. The hepatic and peripheral insulin clearance significantly increase and decrease, respectively, during the progression of glucose intolerance. The increased hepatic insulin clearance reduces the amplitude of circulating insulin concentration, whereas the decreased peripheral insulin clearance changes the temporal patterns of circulating insulin concentration from transient to sustained. These results provide insight that may be useful in treating T2DM associated with aberrant insulin clearance.
Disease-Associated Mutations in Human BICD2 Hyperactivate Motility of Dynein-Dynactin
Authors: Huynh Walter , Vale Ronald D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBicaudal D2 (BICD2) joins dynein with dynactin into a ternary complex (termed DDB) capable of processive movement. Point mutations in theBICD2gene have been identified in patients with a dominant form of spinal muscular atrophy, but how these mutations cause disease is unknown. To investigate this question, we have developed in vitro motility assays with purified DDB and BICD2’s membrane vesicle partner, the GTPase Rab6a. Rab6a-GTP, either in solution or bound to artificial liposomes, released BICD2 from an autoinhibited state and promoted robust dynein-dynactin transport. In these assays, BICD2 mutants showed an enhanced ability to form motile DDB complexes. Increased retrograde transport by BICD2 mutants also was observed in cells using an inducible organelle transport assay. When overexpressed in rat hippocampal neurons, the hyperactive BICD2 mutants decreased neurite growth. Our results reveal that dominant mutations in BICD2 hyperactivate DDB motility and suggest that an imbalance of minus- versus plus-end-directed microtubule motility in neurons may underlie spinal muscular atrophy.
Characteristics of human encounters and social mixing patterns relevant to infectious diseases spread by close contact: A survey in southwest Uganda
Authors: de Waroux O le Polain , Cohuet S , Ndazima D , Kucharski A J , Juan-Giner A , Flasche S , Tumwesigye E , Arinaitwe R. , Mwanga-Amumpaire J , Boum Y , Nackers F , Checchi F , Grais R F , Edmunds W J 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTQuantification of human interactions relevant to infectious disease transmission through social contact is central to predict disease dynamics, yet data from low-resource settings remain scarce. We undertook a social contact survey in rural Uganda, whereby participants were asked to recall details about the frequency, type, and socio-demographic characteristics of any conversational encounter that lasted for ≥5 minutes (henceforth defined as ‘contacts’) during the previous day. An estimate of the number of ‘casual contacts’ (i.e. <5 minutes) was also obtained. A total of 568 individuals were included. On average participants reported having routine contact with 7.2 individuals (range 1-25). Children aged 5-14 years had the highest frequency of contacts and the elderly (≥65 years) the fewest (P<0.001). A strong age-assortative pattern was seen, particularly outside the household and increasingly so for contacts occurring further away from home. Adults aged 25-64 years tended to travel more and further than others, and males travelled more frequently than females. Our study provides detailed information on contact patterns and their spatial characteristics in an African setting. It therefore fills an important knowledge gap that will help more accurately predict transmission dynamics and the impact of control strategies in such areas.
An analytical framework for employment regulation: investigating the regulatory space
Authors: Inversi Cristina , Buckley Lucy Ann , Dundon Tony 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to advance a conceptual analytical framework to help explain employment regulation as a dynamic process shaped by institutions and actors. The paper builds on and advances regulatory space theory.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyses the literature on regulatory theory and engages with its theoretical development.FindingsThe paper advances the case for a broader and more inclusive regulatory approach to better capture the complex reality of employment regulation. Further, the paper engages in debates about the complexity of employment regulation by adopting a multi-level perspective.Research limitations/implicationsThe research proposes an analytical framework and invites future empirical investigation.Originality/valueThe paper contends that existing literature affords too much attention to a (false) regulation vs deregulation dichotomy, with insufficient analysis of other “spaces” in which labour policy and regulation are formed and re-formed. In particular, the proposed framework analyses four different regulatory dimensions, combining the legal aspects of regulation with self-regulatory dimensions of employment regulation.
Organizing Latin American workers in Japan
Authors: Stewart Paul , Danford Andy , Urano Edson 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess difficulties facing the unionization of foreign workers focusing on the experience of trade unionists in Union MIE, an exemplar of what in Japan is known as a community union (sometimes described as a form of Minority union – Stewart, 2006). Union MIE is characterized by its orientation to the social and political agenda of Latin American workers, among whom Brazilians form the most numerous group. The paper also addresses the precarious nature of workers’ employment including the condition of labor. The increasing significance of community unions raises the question as to the possibility of the reregulation of worker interests in ways not fully encompassed by traditional labor market-focused unions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper explores unique interviews using snowball technique and direct questionnaires to union membership of community union in Japan.FindingsThe increasing significance of community unions raises the question as to the possibility of the reregulation of worker interests in ways not fully encompassed by traditional labor market-focused unions. In addition to having relevance to the wider discussion on union decline, this paper contributes to the debate on migrant workers, their condition of labor and one form of labor organization responsive to their concerns.Research limitations/implicationsA comparative approach would add even more to the weight of evidence accrued in the paper.Practical implicationsMainstream trade unions need to anticipate that the concerns of migrant and precarious workers will become increasingly common among their erstwhile “regularly” employed membership and so the activities of community and minority unions need to be taken on board in an organic, as opposed to an opportunistic, manner.Originality/valueFrom unique interviews using snowball technique and direct questionnaires to union membership of community union in Japan, the paper presents original data not typically accessible in Anglo-Saxon research tradition.
(Re)conceptualising precarity: institutions, structure and agency
Authors: Hardy Jane Ann 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the notion of precarious work and addresses the temporal, historical and analytical weaknesses manifest in many accounts by proposing a political economy synthesis.

Design/methodology/approach
The discussion takes place through a political economy theoretical lens that takes seriously the structures and institutions of capitalism and the agency of workers individually and collectively.

Findings
The paper concludes that precarious work is intrinsic to capitalism and therefore the precariat cannot be understood as a class-in-itself. The implications of this for activists are that solidarity needs to be forged between all groups of workers in order to organise for decent and stable employment.

Originality/value
First, it is argued that two key structural influences on precarity are the spatiality of capitalism and its endemic tendency to crisis. Second, temporal and institutional “shapers” of precarity are discussed in historical and comparative context. Third, the agential influence on precarity is examined with regard to the possibility of the self-organisation precarious workers and their potential for forging solidarity with other groups.
Internet usage, user satisfaction, task-technology fit, and performance impact among public sector employees in Yemen
Authors: Isaac Osama , Abdullah Zaini , Ramayah T. , Mutahar Ahmed M. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The internet technology becomes an essential tool for individuals, organizations, and nations for growth and prosperity. The purpose of this paper is to integrate the DeLone and McLean IS success model with task-technology fit (TTF) to explain the performance impact of Yemeni Government employees.

Design/methodology/approach
Questionnaire survey method was used to collect primary data from 530 internet users among employees within all 30 government ministries-institutions in Yemen. The four constructs in the proposed model were measured using existing scales. The data analysis starts with initial exploratory factor analysis, then confirmatory factor analysis and lastly structural equation modeling via AMOS.

Findings
The results showed that the proposed integrated model fits the data well. Findings of the multivariate analysis demonstrate four main results. First, actual usage has a strong positive impact on user satisfaction, TTF, and performance impact. Second, user satisfaction has a great influence on performance impact. Third, TTF has a strong positive impact on user satisfaction and performance impact. Fourth, both user satisfaction and TTF mediate the relationship between the actual usage and performance impact.

Research limitations/implications
The public sector in Yemen contains three parts: Yemeni prime minister, Yemeni ministries, and government agencies. This study focuses only on the Yemeni employees among Yemeni ministries; hence the results are not necessarily generalizable. Moreover, there are biases when the researcher measures the actual Internet usage variable through asking a participant about their opinion regarding their usage because these are generally found to differ from the true score of system usage.

Practical implications
The findings should be very useful for the Yemeni Government in presenting the importance of information technology effects on individual efficiency and effectiveness. Therefore, the information from these findings should encourage and support the formation of future policy at the organizational level and national level. If the government utilizes these findings by setting up strategies to promote internet usage, this may, in turn, improve professional practice, personal development, and quality of working life.

Originality/value
This paper adds to the existing literature of information systems by combining actual technology usage, user satisfaction, and TTF to predict performance impact within the organizations. Furthermore, this study proposed a second-order model of performance impact in order to increase the power of explaining the output by the model, which contains four first-order constructs: process, knowledge acquisition, communication quality, and decision quality. The predictive power of the proposed model has a higher ability to explain and predict performance impact compared to those obtained from some of the previous studies.
Supply chain contracting coordination for fresh products with fresh-keeping effort
Authors: Zheng Qi , Ieromonachou Petros , Fan Tijun , Zhou Li 
Published: March 2017

PurposeFresh product loss rates in supply chain operations are particularly high due to the nature of perishable products. The purpose of this paper is to maximize profit through the contract between retailer and supplier. The optimized prices for the retailer and the supplier, taking the fresh-keeping effort into consideration, are derived.Design/methodology/approachTo address this issue, the authors consider a two-echelon supply chain consisting of a retailer and a supplier (i.e. wholesaler) for two scenarios: centralized and decentralized decision making. The authors start from investigating the optimal decision in the centralized supply chain and then comparing the results with those of the decentralized decision. Meanwhile, a fresh-keeping cost-sharing contract and a fresh-keeping cost- and revenue-sharing contract are designed. Numerical examples are provided, and managerial insights are discussed at the end.FindingsThe results show that the centralized decision is more profitable than the decentralized decision; a fresh product supply chain (FPSC) can only be coordinated through a fresh-keeping cost- and revenue-sharing contract; the optimal retail price, wholesale price and fresh-keeping effort can all be achieved; and the profit of a FPSC is positively related to consumers’ sensitivity to freshness and negatively correlated with their sensitivity to price.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is based on the assumption that demand is relatively stable. It has not addressed when demand is stochastic.Practical implicationsThe findings would be useful for managers in fresh food sector in terms of how to deal with suppliers in order to maximize total profit while also provide freshest food to the customers.Originality/valueFew studies have considered fresh-keeping effort as a decision variable in the modelling of supply chain. In this paper, a mathematical model for the fresh-keeping effort and for price decisions in a supply chain is developed. In particular, fresh-keeping cost-sharing contract and revenue-sharing contract are examined simultaneously in the study of the supply chain coordination problem.
Factors affecting creativity in information system development
Authors: Huang Li-Chun , Shiau Wen-Lung 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to elucidate the factors influencing creativity in information system development (ISD). Specifically, this paper compares two groups, students and practitioners, in order to identify salient factors influencing creativity in this field.Design/methodology/approachAn empirical study was conducted through two online surveys in Taiwan. The subjects were university students (n=220) and practitioners (n=187) who had ISD project experiences. Data were collected via an online survey and analyzed using partial least squares (PLS) structural equation modeling. The authors present state-of-the-art PLS path modeling, including heterotrait-monotrait, standardized root mean square residual, second-order identification, and partial least squares multigroup analysis (PLS-MGA).FindingsBoth the student and practitioner results showed that the most salient factor influencing creative behavior was use of creativity technologies. In addition, cognitive style, recognition, and database programming had a significant positive effect on creative behavior for the students but not for the practitioners. The PLS-MGA results indicated that differences in creative behavior between the students and practitioners need to be considered.Research limitations/implicationsThere are two main limitations. The first one is its design. This study was cross-sectional and there is a likelihood of common source bias due to self-reported data. In the future, researchers can use brain-imaging tools (e.g. functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)) or eye tracking measurement to reduce self-reporting bias in creative behavior research. The second limitation is related to the sample. The subjects were university students and practitioners who had ISD project experiences; however, the heterogeneity of the investigated individuals (e.g. background, ability or experience) in university or industry may limit the power and generalizability of this study. Future studies may take same samples into consideration.Originality/valueNo previous study has investigated factors influencing the creativity of information system (IS) students and practitioners by using a decomposed and second-order research model. Thus, this paper, based on Amabile’s creativity theory, attempts to elucidate the factors influencing IS students’ and practitioners’ creativity.
Long‐term stoichiometry and fates highlight animal egestion as nutrient repackaging, not recycling, in aquatic ecosystems
Authors: Halvorson Halvor M. , Hall Delaney J. , Evans‐White Michelle A. 
Published: March 2017

Summary

Animal defecation, or egestion, is a pronounced transformation of organic matter in many ecosystems. However, because egesta have been presumed recalcitrant and low nutrient, their significance and variability as an animal nutrient flux in aquatic settings – especially relative to mineralization via excretion – are poorly known.

We compared carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) dynamics over short‐ to long‐term (up to 107 days) microbial decomposition of egesta from the aquatic shredders Allocapnia spp., Lirceus spp. and Tipula spp. fed low‐ or high‐P content Platanus occidentalis litter to investigate roles of egesta in aquatic nutrient dynamics.

Tipula produced N and P deplete egesta of higher N : P compared to Lirceus and Allocapnia, and high‐P diets increased egesta P content compared to low‐P diets. Despite measurable C losses to decomposition, these differences in nutrient content persisted through decomposition, showing diet and species control both immediate and long‐term properties of egested particles.

Egesta switched between uptake and release of dissolved phosphorus and ammonium during decomposition, and exhibited consistent net N uptake as nitrate–nitrite. Across species and diets, lower N : P egesta tended to exhibit greater uptake of dissolved inorganic N, suggesting P enrichment of egesta drove stronger dissolved N demand by decomposer microbes.

Shredder egesta exhibit stable nutrient contents long term and, counter to assumptions that they are negligible or minor net sources, can be strong, extended sinks of dissolved inorganic nutrients. Future studies should consider contrasts between animal nutrient fluxes as excretion, which facilitates nutrient recycling via mineralization, vs. egestion, which slows nutrient recycling via organic nutrient repackaging and can create sinks of dissolved nutrients.

A lay summary is available for this article.