bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiecho pseudo‐golden angle stack of stars thermometry with high spatial and temporal resolution using k‐space weighted image contrast
Authors: Svedin Bryant T. , Payne Allison , Bolster Bradley D. , Parker Dennis L. 
Published: June 2017

PurposeImplement and evaluate a 3D MRI method to measure temperature changes with high spatial and temporal resolution and large field of view.MethodsA multiecho pseudo‐golden angle stack‐of‐stars (SOS) sequence with k‐space weighted image contrast (KWIC) reconstruction was implemented to simultaneously measure multiple quantities, including temperature, initial signal magnitude M(0), transverse relaxation time (
), and water/fat images. Respiration artifacts were corrected using self‐navigation. KWIC artifacts were removed using a multi‐baseline library. The phases of the multiple echo images were combined to improve proton resonance frequency precision. Temperature precision was tested through in vivo breast imaging (N = 5 healthy volunteers) using both coronal and sagittal orientations and with focused ultrasound (FUS) heating in a pork phantom using a breast specific MR‐guided FUS system.ResultsTemperature measurement precision was significantly improved after echo combination when compared with the no echo combination case (spatial average of the standard deviation through time of 0.3–1.0 and 0.7–1.9°C, respectively). Temperature measurement accuracy during heating was comparable to a 3D seg‐EPI sequence. M(0) and
values showed temperature dependence during heating in pork adipose tissue.ConclusionA self‐navigated 3D multiecho SOS sequence with dynamic KWIC reconstruction is a promising thermometry method that provides multiple temperature sensitive quantitative values. Magn Reson Med 79:1407–1419, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
An open 8‐channel parallel transmission coil for static and dynamic 7T MRI of the knee and ankle joints at multiple postures
Authors: Jin Jin , Weber Ewald , Destruel Aurelien , O’Brien Kieran , Henin Bassem , Engstrom Craig , Crozier Stuart 
Published: June 2017

PurposeWe present the initial in vivo imaging results of an open architecture eight‐channel parallel transmission (pTx) transceive radiofrequency (RF) coil array that was designed and constructed for static and dynamic 7T MRI of the knee and ankle joints.MethodsThe pTx coil has a U‐shaped dual‐row configuration (200 mm overall length longitudinally) that allows static and dynamic imaging of the knee and ankle joints at various postures and during active movements. This coil structure, in combination with B1 shimming, allows flexible configuration of B1 transmit profiles, with good homogeneity over 120‐mm regions of interest. This coil enabled high‐resolution gradient echo (e.g., 3D dual‐echo steady state [DESS] and 3D multiecho data image combination [MEDIC]) and turbo spin echo (TSE) imaging (e.g., with proton density weighting [PDw], PDw with fat saturation, and T1 and T2 weightings) with local RF energy absorption rates well below regulatory limits.ResultsHigh‐resolution 2D and 3D image series (e.g., 0.3 mm in‐plane resolution for TSE, 0.47 mm isotropic for DESS and MEDIC) were obtained from the knee and ankle joints with excellent tissue contrast. Dynamic imaging during continuous knee and ankle flexion‐extension cycles were successfully acquired.ConclusionThe new open pTx coil array provides versatility for high‐quality static and dynamic MRI of the knee and ankle joints at 7T. Magn Reson Med 79:1804–1816, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
A relationship between tensile strength and loading stress governing the onset of mode I crack propagation obtained via numerical investigations using a bonded particle model
Authors: Han Zhenyu , Weatherley Dion , Puscasu Ruslan 
Published: June 2017

SummaryNumerical models based on the discrete element method are used to study the fracturing process in brittle rock‐like materials under direct and indirect tension. The results demonstrate the capacity of the model to capture the essential characteristics of fracture including the onset of crack propagation, stable and unstable crack growth, arrest and reinitiation of fracturing, and crack branching. Simulations of Brazilian indirect tension tests serve to calibrate the numerical model, relating macroscopic tensile strength of specimens to their micromechanical breakage parameters. A second suite of simulations reveals a linear relationship between the tensile strength of specimens and the loading stress for which mode I tensile crack propagation ensues. Based on these results, a crack initiation criterion for brittle materials is proposed, prescribing the stressing conditions required to induce tensile failure. Such a criterion, if broadly applicable, provides a practical means to rapidly assess the failure potential of brittle materials under tensile loads.
Qualitative Analysis of Polyphenols in Macroporous Resin Pretreated Pomegranate Husk Extract by HPLC‐QTOF‐MS
Authors: Abdulla Rahima , Mansur Sanawar , Lai Haizhong , Ubul Ablikim , Sun Guangying , Huang Guozheng , Aisa Haji Akber 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIntroductionPomegranate (Punica granatum L.) husk is a traditional herbal medicine abundant in phenolic compounds and plays some roles in the treatment of oxidative stress, bacterial and viral infection, diabetes mellitus, and acute and chronic inflammation.ObjectiveIdentification and determination of polyphenols in macroporous resin pretreated pomegranate husk extract by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐QTOF‐MS).MethodsThe total polyphenols of pomegranate husk were prepared by ethanol extraction followed by pretreatment with HPD‐300 macroporous resin. The polyphenolic compounds were qualitatively analysed by HPLC‐QTOF‐MS in negative electrospray ionisation (ESI) mode at different collision energy (CE) values.ResultsA total of 50 polyphenols were detected in the extract of pomegranate husk, including 35 hydrolysable tannins and 15 flavonoids with distinct retention time, fragmentation behaviours and characteristics, and the accurate mass‐to‐charge ratios at low, moderate and high CE values. Of these, we identified nine compounds for the first time in the pomegranate husk, including hexahydroxydiphenoyl‐valoneoyl‐glucoside (HHDP‐valoneyl‐glucoside), galloyl‐O‐punicalin, rutin, hyperoside, quercimeritrin, kaempferol‐7‐O‐rhahmano‐glucoside, luteolin‐3′‐O‐arabinoside, luteolin‐3′‐O‐glucoside, and luteolin‐4′‐O‐glucoside. To validate the specificity and accuracy of mass spectrometry in the detection of polyphenols, as compared to the fragmentation pathways of granatin B in detail, including the HHDP‐valoneyl‐ glucoside was first identified from pomegranate husk.ConclusionThe study provides evidence for the quality control and development of novel drugs based on polyphenols from the pomegranate husk. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A study of ADMET polyethylene with 21‐carbon branches on every 15th compared to every 19th carbon: What a difference four extra backbone methylenes make
Authors: Matsui Kazuya , Li Hong , Nozue Yoshinobu , Rojas Giovanni , Bell Michael , Shinohara Yuya , Amemiya Yoshiyuki , Wagener Kenneth B. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTPrecision polyethylenes with 21‐carbon alkyl branches precisely spaced on every either 15th or 19th carbon along the polymer backbone lead to the formation of two kinds of lamellae, yielding different thicknesses during the crystallization process. Thinner lamellae originate from side‐chain crystallization, whereas thicker lamellae are formed by cocrystallization of the branch and the main chain. Side‐chain crystallization (separate from main chain crystallization) is favored when the branch is placed on every 15th carbon. Cocrystallization (side chain with main chain) is favored with the branch on every 19th carbon. Both form stable hexagonal crystal units. A branch spacing separation of just four carbons along the main chain makes a remarkable difference in crystallization behavior. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 3090–3096
Gibberellic and kaurenoic hybrid strigolactone mimics for seed germination of parasitic weeds
Authors: Pereira Rondinelle G , Cala Antonio , Fernández‐Aparicio Mónica , Molinillo José MG , Boaventura Maria AD , Macías Francisco A 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDParasitic weeds are widespread and cause significant losses in important crops. Their germination requires the detection of crop‐derived molecules such as strigolactones. Strigolactone mimics are germination‐inducing molecules with the potential to apply a suicidal germination strategy for seed bank control of parasitic weeds.RESULTSThe D‐ring, which is instrumental in the germination process of seeds of parasitic weeds, was attached to gibberellin (GA3) and kaurenoic acid as the scaffold. It was shown that indeed strigolactone mimics prepared from GA3 and kaurenoic acid are active as stimulants when a D‐ring is present; some of the mimics are as active as GR24.CONCLUSIONSThe starting molecules were plant hormones that had previous growth‐regulating activity in other organisms and the products showed enhanced activity towards parasitic weeds. The information generated may contribute to a better understanding of the germination biochemistry of the weed species used. Further research is required in this area but it is clear that the results are promising. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
The history and current status of glyphosate
Authors: Duke Stephen O 
Published: June 2017

AbstractGlyphosate is the only herbicide to target the enzyme 5‐enolpyruvyl‐3‐shikimate phosphate synthase (EPSPS). It is a high use rate, non‐selective herbicide that translocates primarily to metabolic sinks, killing meristematic tissues away from the application site. Its phloem‐mobile properties and slow action in killing weeds allow the herbicide to move throughout the plant to kill all meristems, making it effective for perennial weed control. Since commercialization in 1974, its use has grown to dominate the herbicide market. Much of its use is on transgenic, glyphosate‐resistant crops (GRCs), which have been the dominant transgenic crops worldwide. GRCs with glyphosate provided the most effective and inexpensive weed management technology in history for a decade or more. However, as a consequence of the rapid increase in glyphosate‐resistant (GR) weeds, the effectiveness of glyphosate use in GRCs is declining. Critics have claimed that glyphosate‐treated GRCs have altered mineral nutrition and increased susceptibility to plant pathogens because of glyphosate's ability to chelate divalent metal cations, but the complete resistance of GRCs to glyphosate indicates that chelating metal cations do not contribute to the herbicidal activity or significantly affect mineral nutrition. The rates of increases in yields of maize, soybean, and cotton in the USA have been unchanged after high adoption rates of GRCs. Glyphosate is toxic to some plant pathogens, and thereby can act as a fungicide in GRCs. Ultra‐low doses of glyphosate stimulate plant growth in glyphosate‐susceptible plants by unknown mechanisms. Despite rapid and widespread increases in GR weeds, glyphosate use has not decreased. However, as GR weeds increase, adoption of alternative technologies will eventually lead to decreased use. Published 2017. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Virucides in apiculture: persistence of surrogate enterovirus under simulated field conditions
Authors: Prodělalová Jana , Malenovská Hana , Moutelíková Romana , Titěra Dalibor 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDHoneybee viruses have been recognized as being among the most important factors leading to colony losses worldwide. Colony food and faeces are regarded as possible sources of infectious viruses able to contaminate the environment and equipment of apiaries. Thus, methods for elimination of viruses are required. No cell culture assay for testing the effect of disinfectants on honeybee viruses is yet available. Therefore, surrogate virus was employed for testing of the efficacy of iodophor‐ and peracetic acid‐based disinfectants in combination with six organic contaminants at +6 °C and +22 °C. Moreover, we evaluated the persistence of the surrogate in honey at +6 °C, +22 °C, and +50 °C.RESULTSIodophor‐based disinfectant showed a maximum reduction of virus titre of 3.4 log10. Peracetic acid reduced the titre (≥4 log10) only at 22 °C and without yeast extract/bovine serum albumin. After 25 days of incubation of the virus − honey mix, no decrease of virus titre was observed at +6 °C, whereas a significant reduction (3.5 log10) was found at +50 °C already after 1 day.CONCLUSIONSBoth tested disinfectants can serve as appropriate virucides in apiaries. The effect of peracetic acid significantly depended on temperature and organic contaminants. The iodophor‐based disinfectant showed a stable antiviral effect at different temperatures and with different contaminants. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Decision making in health care using robust parameter design with conditions‐based selection of regression estimators
Authors: Pegues Kathryn K. , Boylan Gregory L. , Cho Byung Rae 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHealth care professionals often use regression methods to quantitatively describe the functional relationships between predictors and outcomes. However, little research investigates the appropriateness of tool application for response‐surface‐based design of experiments, the choice of regression estimators under different environments, and the impact of the determination of optimum conditions, or optimal factor‐level settings, to achieve desirable target outcomes. Robust parameter design (RPD) is an established methodology for determining optimum conditions for a process to achieve specified process targets while minimizing variability of the outcomes. Underlying assumptions for RPD modeling and process conditions should be taken into account when selecting a regression estimator for developing fitted models. If these assumptions are incorrect, then a direct use of estimates obtained has the potential to be problematic, and the results may be potentially catastrophic, particularly when applied to the health care field. Many approaches to RPD in existing literature use ordinary least squares to obtain response functions by assuming normality and moderate variability in the underlying process. Given that some biologic processes are often highly variable and inherently asymmetric, a conditions‐based approach for the selection of a regression estimate technique needs to be explored. This paper examines alternative approaches to regression estimation when the process data indicates that asymmetry or a high degree of process variability exists. The performance of select alternative regression methods is compared using Monte Carlo simulation and numerical analysis.
Design and Synthesis of Iron‐Doped Nanostructured TiO2 and Its Potential Use in the Photodegration of Hazardous Materials Present in Personal Care Products
Authors: Bonfrate Valentina , Manno Daniela , Buccolieri Alessandro , Padmanabhan Sanosh K. , Licciulli Antonio , Serra Antonio , Braione Eugenia , Calcagnile Lucio , Giancane Gabriele 
Published: June 2017

AbstractParabens and phenoxyethanol are chemical compounds widely used as preservatives and antimicrobial agents in cosmetic and personal care products. The issue of their effect on human and environmental health is a particularly topical and relevant one that many national and international agencies reported about the risk from the use of such compounds. In the present paper, iron doped TiO2 nanoparticles were synthetized and characterized by morphological and spectroscopic techniques. The proposed synthesis was designed to improve the photocatalytic activity of the nanostructures towards the two preservatives compounds when irradiated by a visible light, in order to optimize the effect of natural irradiation on the photodegradation of the two compounds. Preliminary photocatalytic tests showed that the analytes’ concentration in water solutions under illumination in presence of both iron‐doped TiO2 and pure TiO2 decreased. A sensible enhancement of photocatalysis of both propylparaben and phenoxyethanol was recorded in presence of the Fe‐doped nanostructures as a consequence of the physical and chemical properties of the catalyst.
Unprecedented Cyclic Isomer of Triazenes: A Computational Identification
Authors: Xin Jing‐fan , Ding Yi‐hong 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIsomerism is very important in chemistry. Over the past 65 years, the energy‐rich N3R3 family has received considerable attention both experimentally and computationally. Up to now, four isomeric types of N3R3 have been identified, i.e., triazenes I, triimides II, iso‐triazenes III, and cyclo‐triazanes IV. In this work, via the composite CBS‐QB3 study on the isomers and transition states of N3H3—the simplest N3R3 system, we unexpectedly found a new structural type V, which contains a N3 three‐membered ring with one nitrogen‐nitrogen dative bond in the ring (i.e., cyclic ammonia‐nitrene interaction). Of all the N3H3 isomers, V lies the highest in energy (78.7 kcal/mol above the global triazene) and possesses a relatively low conversion barrier 8.9 kcal/mol. Yet quite promisingly, suitably choosing substituents can tune the rate‐determining barrier of V to reach around 20 kcal/mol. Thus, synthesis of the newly found triazene isomer V is highly probable.
An experimental study on the applicability of SYN cookies to networked constrained devices
Authors: Echevarria Juan Jose , Garaizar Pablo , Legarda Jon 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThe Internet protocol suite is increasingly used on devices with constrained resources that operate as both clients and servers within the Internet of Things paradigm. However, these devices usually apply few—if any—security measures. Therefore, they are vulnerable to network attacks, particularly to denial of service attacks. The well‐known SYN flood attack works by filling up the connection queue with fake SYN requests. When the queue is full, new connections cannot be opened until some entries are removed after a time‐out. Class 2 constrained devices—according to the RFC 7228—are highly vulnerable to this attack because of their limited available memory, even in low‐rate attacks. This paper analyses and compares in a class 2 constrained device the performance of 2 commonly used defence mechanisms (ie, recycle half‐open connections and SYN cookies) during a low‐rate SYN flood. We first review 2 SYN cookies implementations (ie, Linux and FreeBSD) and compare them with a hybrid approach in a class 2 device. Finally, experimental results prove that the proposed SYN cookies implementation is more effective than recycling the oldest half‐open connections.
Cover Image, Volume 9, Issue 4
Authors: Sulaimanov Nurgazy , Klose Martin , Busch Hauke , Boerries Melanie 
Published: June 2017

The cover image, by Nurgazy Sulaimanov et al., is based on Advanced Review Understanding the mTOR signaling pathway via mathematical modeling, DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1379.
image
Enhancement of Bioactive Phenols and Quality Values of Olive Oil by Recycling Olive Mill Waste Water
Authors: Kiritsakis Konstantinos , Melliou Eleni , Magiatis Prokopios , Gerasopoulos Dimitrios 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMature ‘Chondrolia Chalkidikis’ olives were processed in an industrial olive oil mill equipped with a three‐phase decanter. Water was added to the decanter at a 1:2 water‐to‐paste ratio. Olive mill waste water (ΟΜWW) was used to replace the added water at a rate of 50 or 100%. Following the final separation, the obtained oil was used for chemical analysis and sensory evaluation. All oils had similar acidity, peroxide and Κ values. OMWW‐treated olive oils presented higher total phenolic content and higher antioxidant activity based on DPPH and oven tests, but lower chlorophyll and carotenoids content. However, there was no significant difference between the 50 and 100% replacement. The phenolic profile of the treated olive oils analyzed by quantitative 1Η NMR revealed more than twofold oleocanthal and oleacein as well as oleuropein and ligstroside aglycone contents than in the control. Sensory evaluation of treated oils also showed an enhancement of fruity, bitter and pungent attributes compared to the control.
Perceived social support as a moderator between negative life events and depression in adolescence: implications for prediction and targeted prevention
Authors: Miloseva Lence , Vukosavljevic-Gvozden Tatjana , Richter Kneginja , Milosev Vladimir , Niklewski Günter 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Aim and background
The role of the perceived social support in prevention of depression in adolescence still remains an insufficiently explored problem. By integrating the results of the previous studies of moderator role of perceived social support between negative life events and depression in adolescence we set up two goals. One is to determine whether perceived social support has moderator role in the sample consisted of clinical, subclinical, and control respondents. Another goal is to identify in which group the interaction effect is significant, i.e. the perceived social support acts as moderator.

Methods
The sample consisted of 412 adolescents (61.7% female and 38.3% male) aged 13–17 years (mean = 15.70, SD = 1.22). We applied: Data sheet for all respondents; Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview; Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support; Adolescent Life Events Questionnaire; Centre for Epidemiological Depression Scale.

Results
We have shown that the association between levels of depressive symptoms and negative life events changes as the value of the moderator variable perceived social support changes. The finding that the moderating interaction effect was significant only in the subclinical group is particularly interesting.

Conclusions
Taking into account that perceived social support moderates the association between negative stress events and levels of depression, we can propose a model for the prevention of depression, which will include perceived social support. However, future research with longitudinal design is required to verify the results.