bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fehldiagnostiziertes mikrozystisches Adnexkarzinom an der seitlichen Stirn und Herausforderungen bei der Rekonstruktion eines bis zum Knochen reichenden Defekts
Authors: Fallaha Amgiad , Thuile Tobias , Tappeiner Lukas , Pichler Maria , Deluca Jenny , Perino Franco , Eisendle Klaus 
Published: December 2015

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDas mikrozystische Adnexkarzinom (MAC) ist ein seltenes kutanes Malignom, das durch aggressive lokale Infiltration und starke Tendenz zur perineuralen Invasion gekennzeichnet ist. Da es histologisch leicht mit benignen adnexalen Tumoren verwechselt werden kann, kommt oft zu einer unzureichenden Erstbehandlung. Daher müssen nach verzögerter chirurgischer Exzision häufig ausgedehnte Hautbereiche entfernt werden, was die anschließende Rekonstruktion erschweren kann.MethodenWir berichten über die schwierige Rekonstruktion eines größeren Defekts an der Stirn durch modifizierte A‐T‐Plastik mit Transplantation eines zentralen Burow‐Dreiecks und vorangehender Wundkonditionierung mit Hyaluronsäure nach vollständiger mikrographischer kontrollierter Entfernung des MACs.ErgebnisseEine 80‐jährige gesunde Frau stellte sich vor mit fast sechsjähriger Vorgeschichte eines asymptomatischen, langsam progredienten Hauttumors, der fünf Jahre zuvor biopsiert und als benignes Syringom diagnostiziert worden war. Durch tiefe Biopsien wurde ein MAC bestätigt. Die Patientin unterzog sich einer schrittweisen chirurgischen Exzision, durchgeführt mit der Tübinger Randschnittmethode (Tübinger Torte), bei der das frontale Periost entfernt wurde. Hautersatz aus veresterter Hyaluronsäure wurde drei Wochen lang auf den bis zum Knochen reichenden, 6×7 cm großen Defekt appliziert, was ein gutes Granulationsgewebe über dem Knochen ergab. Die endgültige Rekonstruktion wurde durch eine A‐T‐Plastik in Kombination mit einem Vollhauttransplantat des zentralen „Dog Ear“ erreicht. Das kosmetische Ergebnis war zufriedenstellend und innerhalb von 18 Monaten Nachbeobachtungszeit wurde kein Rezidiv beobachtet.SchlussfolgerungenWir bestätigen die histologischen Schwierigkeiten bei der Diagnose dieser Tumorentität und die Notwendigkeit einer großräumigen Entfernung des MACs infolge der verzögerten Diagnose und Behandlung. Eine tiefe Exzision des Tumors einschließlich des Periosts kann erforderlich sein, um tumorfreie Ränder zu erhalten. Durch die Applikation von Hyaluronsäureprodukten kann möglicherweise eine schnelle Bildung von Granulationsgewebe über dem Stirnknochen erreicht werden. Die Kombination einer A‐T‐Plastik mit der Transplantation der benachbarten Burow‐Dreiecke ergibt eine optimale Hauttextur und Farbanpassung und scheint eine geeignete Option zum Verschluss selbst umfangreicher Defekte an der Stirn, insbesondere oberhalb der Augenbrauen, zu sein.
Handekzeme – Differenzialdiagnosen, Diagnostik und Therapien
Authors: Mahler Vera 
Published: December 2015

ZusammenfassungDie Pathogenese von Handekzemen ist multifaktoriell. Sowohl Prädisposition (genetische Faktoren) als auch Exposition spielen bei der Entstehung von Handekzemen eine Rolle. Eine hohe Inzidenzrate ist assoziiert mit weiblichem Geschlecht, Kontaktallergien, atopischer Dermatitis und Arbeiten im feuchten Milieu. Die wichtigsten Risikofaktoren für die Persistenz von Handekzemen sind ausgeprägte Ausdehnung, allergische oder atopische Genese, Ekzeme in der Kindheit und Krankheitsbeginn vor dem 20. Lebensjahr. Die durch Handekzeme bedingten Krankheitskosten liegen in gleicher Höhe wie die Kosten der mittelschweren bis schweren Psoriasis.Die Diagnostik von Handekzemen und ihre differenzialdiagnostische Abgrenzung erfordert eine detaillierte Erfassung von Expositionen im beruflichen und außerberuflichen Umfeld. Besteht die Möglichkeit, dass berufliche Einflüsse an der Entstehung oder Unterhaltung der Handekzeme beteiligt sind, soll eine frühzeitige Information des Unfallversicherungsträgers mittels Hautarztbericht erfolgen. Bei der Hälfte aller Handekzeme ist Kontakt zu einem Kontaktallergen (mit)ursächlich. Bei allen länger als drei Monate bestehenden Handekzemen ist daher eine allergologische Abklärung erforderlich.Eine erfolgreiche und nachhaltige Therapie des Handekzems beginnt bei der Identifikation der individuellen Auslöser und ihrer Ausschaltung. Dies beinhaltet eine Ersatzstoffprüfung bei identifizierten Kontaktallergenen und Irritanzien sowie Optimierung geeigneter Präventionsmaßnahmen. Eine stadienadaptierte Therapieanpassung, welche die Schwere der Manifestation berücksichtigt, ist notwendig. Dabei können verschiedene validierte Instrumente zur Monitorierung des Therapieerfolges eingesetzt werden.
Association of Apical Longitudinal Rotation with Right Ventricular Performance in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension: Insights into Overestimation of Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion
Authors: Motoji Yoshiki , Tanaka Hidekazu , Fukuda Yuko , Sano Hiroyuki , Ryo Keiko , Sawa Takuma , Miyoshi Tatsuya , Imanishi Junichi , Mochizuki Yasuhide , Tatsumi Kazuhiro , Matsumoto Kensuke , Emoto Noriaki , Hirata Ken‐ichi 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundCurrent guidelines recommend the routine use of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) as a simple method for estimating right ventricular (RV) function. However, when ventricular apical longitudinal rotation (apical‐LR) occurs in pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients, it may result in overestimated TAPSE.MethodsWe studied 105 patients with PH defined as mean pulmonary artery pressure >25 mmHg at rest measured by right heart cardiac catheterization. TAPSE was defined as the maximum displacement during systole in the RV‐focused apical four‐chamber view. RV free‐wall longitudinal speckle tracking strain (RV‐free) was calculated by averaging 3 regional peak systolic strains. The apical‐LR was measured at the peak rotation in the apical region including both left and right ventricle. The eccentricity index (EI) was defined as the ratio of the length of 2 perpendicular minor‐axis diameters, one of which bisected and was perpendicular to the interventricular septum, and was obtained at end‐systole (EI‐sys) and end‐diastole (EI‐dia). Twenty age‐, gender‐, and left ventricular ejection fraction‐matched normal controls were studied for comparison.ResultsThe apical‐LR in PH patients was significantly lower than that in normal controls (−3.4 ± 2.7° vs. −1.3 ± 1.9°, P = 0.001). Simple linear regression analysis showed that gender, TAPSE, EI‐sys, and EI‐dia/EI‐sys were associated with apical‐LR, but RV‐free was not. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that gender, EI‐dia/EI‐sys, and TAPSE were independent determinants of apical‐LR.ConclusionsTAPSE may be overestimated in PH patients with clockwise rotation resulting from left ventricular compression. TAPSE should thus be evaluated carefully in PH patients with marked apical rotation.
Fracture resistance and failure mode of endodontically treated teeth restored using ceramic onlays with or without fiber posts—an ex vivo study
Authors: Keçeci Ayşe Diljin , Heidemann Detlef , Kurnaz Safa 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAimThis study aimed to compare the fracture resistance and fracture modes of ceramic onlay restorations with or without fiber posts in endodontically treated premolars.Material and methodsFifty extracted human premolars with similar anatomic features were used in this study. Four groups (n = 10) were treated endodontically. Onlay cavities extended to the buccal and palatal cusps and reached out the endodontic accesses were prepared. Ceramic onlay restorations with or without fiber posts were categorized as Group CO (ceramic onlays without posts), Group COQF (ceramic onlays and quartz fiber posts), and Group COGF (ceramic onlays and glass fiber posts). Positive control group was left as non‐restored (Group NR). Ten intact teeth were stored as negative control group (Group IT). Fracture resistance was measured using a universal load‐testing machine applying compressive load at a crosshead speed of 1 mm min−1 until fracture. Fracture resistance and modes were evaluated statistically.ResultsCeramic onlay restorations (Groups CO, COQF, COGF) increased the fracture resistance significantly, when compared with non‐restored teeth (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were found in the groups with fiber posts in terms of fracture resistance (P > 0.05). Negative control group (IT) had significantly higher fracture resistance than all others (P < 0.05). Fracture types had significant differences among the groups (P < 0.01).ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this ex‐vivo study, partial coverage with ceramic onlays resulted in a significant improvement of the fracture resistance of endodontically treated premolars. However, insertion of glass or quartz fibers did not increase the fracture resistance significantly.
Heating methods for reducing unevenness softening of mouthguard sheets in vacuum–pressure formation
Authors: Takahashi Mutsumi , Koide Kaoru , Satoh Yoshihide , Iwasaki Shin‐ichi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundUnevenness in softening of the plastic sheet leads to a decrease in the mouthguard thickness during thermoforming. In this study, we examined the heating methods for reducing unevenness when softening mouthguard sheets during vacuum–pressure formation.Materials and methodsEthylene vinyl acetate mouthguard sheets and olefin copolymer sheets (thickness: 4.0 mm) were used. The following three heating conditions were compared: condition A—the sheet was molded when it sagged 15 mm from the sheet frame (under normal condition); condition B—the heater was turned off when the sheet sagged by 10 mm from the frame, followed by the sheet molding when the sagging reached 15 mm below the frame; and condition C—the sheet was inverted after heating when the sheet sagged 10 mm and was molded when the sagging reached 15 mm below the frame. The sheet was heated and pressed over the model using a vacuum–pressure machine; then, 10 s of vacuum forming and 2 min of pressure molding were applied. The sheet temperatures were measured using a radiation thermometer. Thickness of the fabricated sheets was determined for the incisal and the molar portion using a measuring device. Thickness data for each condition were analyzed by one‐way anova followed by Bonferroni's multiple comparison tests.ResultsOn both sheets, condition B was smallest for temperature difference between the heated and the non‐heated surface, and thicknesses after molding were greatest at all measuring portions.ConclusionBy comparing changes in sheet temperatures at molding and variation in thicknesses when applying the heating method using a vacuum–pressure molding machine, we found that reduced unevenness in sheet softening occurred when the heater was turned off when the sag distance of the sheet was 5 mm less than the conventional molding, and then, the sheet was pressed when the conventional sag distance was reached.
Risk factors for surgical site infection following laparotomy: Effect of season and perioperative variables and reporting of bacterial isolates in 287 horses
Authors: Isgren C. M. , Salem S. E. , Archer D. C. , Worsman F. C. F. , Townsend N. B. 
Published: December 2015

SummaryReasons for performing studySurgical site infection (SSI) is an important cause of post operative morbidity following laparotomy.ObjectivesTo investigate risk factors forSSI, including effect of season and surgery performed outside normal working hours, and to report bacterial isolates and antimicrobial resistance patterns.Study designRetrospective cohort study.MethodsData were obtained from horses that had undergone exploratory laparotomy over a 3‐year period (2010–2013) in aUKhospital population.SSIwas defined as any purulent or serous discharge from the laparotomy incision of >24 h duration that developed during hospitalisation. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associations between pre‐, intra‐ and post operative variables and altered likelihood ofSSI.ResultsSurgical site infection developed in 73/287 (25.4%) horses during hospitalisation. Horses of greater bodyweight (odds ratio [OR] 1.002, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0002–1.005, P = 0.03), increased packed cell volume (≥48%) on admission (OR3.03, 95%CI1.32–6.94, P = 0.01), small intestinal resection (OR2.27, 95%CI1.15–4.46, P = 0.02) and post operative colic (OR2.86, 95%CI1.41–5.79, P = 0.003) were significantly associated with increased likelihood ofSSIin a multivariable model.SSIwas also significantly more likely to occur during winter (OR3.84, 95%CI1.38–10.70, P = 0.01) and summer (OR5.63, 95%CI2.07–15.3, P = 0.001) months in the model. Three‐layer closure of the incision was protective (OR0.31, 95%CI0.16–0.58, P<0.001) compared to 2‐layer closure. There was no effect of surgery being performed outside normal working hours (P = 0.5). The most common bacterial isolates wereEscherichia coli(59.5%), Enterococcusspp. (42.4%) andStaphylococcusspp. (25.4%). Penicillin resistant isolates accounted for 92% (96/104) of isolates while 18% (21/119) of isolates were gentamicin resistant.ConclusionsLaparotomy during winter and summer months was associated with increased likelihood ofSSIbut there was no effect of surgery performed outside normal working hours. This information assists in identifying horses at high risk ofSSIand informing development of preventive strategies.
Does oral prednisolone treatment increase the incidence of acute laminitis?
Authors: Jordan V. J. , Ireland J. L. , Rendle D. I. 
Published: December 2015

SummaryReasons for performing studyIt is accepted among equine practitioners that glucocorticoid treatment is a risk factor for the development of laminitis. However, there is little published evidence of a link between glucocorticoids and laminitis.ObjectivesTo determine whether horses receiving oral prednisolone are at increased risk of laminitis.Study designRetrospective case–control study.MethodsClinical records of horses registered with the ambulatory service at Liphook Equine Hospital between January 2001 and November 2014 were reviewed retrospectively to identify horses that had received treatment with oral prednisolone. For each treated horse, 2 time‐matched controls that received veterinary attention but were not treated with prednisolone were selected. Incidence of laminitis was compared between the 2 groups and factors associated with laminitis were assessed using Cox regression analysis.ResultsOf the 416 horses treated with prednisolone, 16 (3.8%) were diagnosed with laminitis subsequent to the initiation of prednisolone treatment with an overall incidence of 2.60 (95% CI 1.49–4.22) cases per 100 horse‐years at risk. A total of 7 horses (1.7%) developed laminitis during the course of their treatment and 3 (0.7%) of the horses treated with prednisolone were ultimately subjected to euthanasia as a result of laminitis. A total of 46 (5.7%), of the 814 time‐matched control horses were diagnosed with laminitis during the study period with an overall incidence of 3.46 (95% CI 2.54–4.62) cases per 100 horse‐years at risk. Of these, 12 (1.5%) were subjected to euthanasia as a result of laminitis. There were no significant differences in the overall laminitis incidence rate (P = 0.8), incidence rate during prednisolone treatment (P = 0.09), or probability of laminitis (P = 0.3) between the 2 groups. Mean survival time was greater in the prednisolone than the control group. Equine metabolic syndrome and increasing age were associated with increased risk of laminitis.ConclusionsAdministration of oral prednisolone did not increase the risk of laminitis.
Family Resource Allocation after Firstborns Leave Home: Implications for Secondborns' Academic Functioning
Authors: Jensen Alexander C. , Whiteman Shawn D. , Bernard Julia M. , McHale Susan M. 
Published: December 2015

This study assessed secondborn adolescents' perceptions of changes in the allocation of family resources following their firstborn siblings' departure from home after high school, and whether perceived changes were related to changes over 1 year in secondborns' academic functioning. Participants were secondborn siblings (mean age = 16.58, SD = 0.91) from 115 families in which the older sibling had left the family home in the previous year. Allocation of resources was measured via coded qualitative interviews. Most (77%) secondborns reported increases in at least one type of family resource (i.e., parental companionship, attention, material goods), and many reported an increase in multiple types of resources in the year following their older sibling's departure. Consistent with resource dilution theory, perceptions of increases in fathers' companionship, fathers' attention, and mothers' companionship were related to improvements over time in secondborns' academic functioning.
Randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled multicenter trial of Yokukansan for neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Furukawa Katsutoshi , Tomita Naoki , Uematsu Daisuke , Okahara Kazunori , Shimada Hiroyuki , Ikeda Masaki , Matsui Toshifumi , Kozaki Koichi , Fujii Masahiko , Ogawa Tatsuji , Umegaki Hiroyuki , Urakami Katsuya , Nomura Hiroshi , Kobayashi Naoto , Nakanishi Aki , Washimi Yukihiro , Yonezawa Hisashi , Takahashi Satoshi , Kubota Masaharu , Wakutani Yosuke , Ito Daisuke , Sasaki Takahiro , Matsubara Etsuro , Une Kaori , Ishiki Aiko , Yahagi Yukie , Shoji Mikio , Sato Hiroyasu , Terayama Yasuo , Kuzuya Masafumi , Araki Nobuo , Kodama Manabu , Yamaguchi Takuhiro , Arai Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2015

AimYokukansan (YKS), a traditional herbal medicine, has been used to treat behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). The present study is the first double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial to determine the efficacy and safety of YKS for the treatment of BPSD in Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsA total of 22 sites consisting of clinics, hospitals and nursing homes participated. A total of 145 patients with AD were randomized. Active YKS (7.5 g/day) and placebo were supplied to 75 and 70 participants, respectively. The primary outcome measure was the 4‐week change in total score of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Brief Questionnaire Form (NPI‐Q), an instrument that evaluates BPSD. Secondary outcome measures included 12‐week changes in NPI‐Q scores, changes in NPI‐Q subcategory scores and total scores of the Mini‐Mental‐State Examination.ResultsFour‐week changes in NPI‐Q total scores did not differ significantly between the treatment and placebo groups. There were also no significant differences between groups in 12‐week changes in total NPI‐Q scores, NPI‐Q subcategory scores or total Mini‐Mental‐State Examination scores. However, a subgroup with fewer than 20 points on the Mini‐Mental‐State Examination at baseline showed a greater decrease in “agitation/aggression” score in the YKS group than in the placebo group (P = 0.007). No serious adverse effects were observed during the study.ConclusionsOur data did not reach statistical significance regarding the efficacy of YKS against BPSD; however, YKS improves some symptoms including “agitation/aggression” and “hallucinations” with low frequencies of adverse events. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 211–218
Neuroprotective effects of pretreatment of ginsenoside Rb1 on severe cerebral ischemia‐induced injuries in aged mice: Involvement of anti‐oxidant signaling
Authors: Dong Xiao , Zheng Lei , Lu Shujing , Yang Yanbei 
Published: December 2015

AimGinsenosides, a class of ginseng compounds of herbal medicine, have been shown to have therapeutic potential for the neuroprotection of brain damage after cerebral ischemia because of their activities including anti‐oxidant and anti‐inflammation. In the elderly population, aging‐induced oxidative stress has been implicated in exacerbating brain injury, which might also be ameliorated by anti‐oxidants, such as ginsenosides. However, this hypothesis has yet to be explored.MethodsHere we present in vivo studies highlighting a protective function of ginsenoside Rb1, a natural steroid glycoside derivative purified from saponin of Panax ginseng, in neurological injury during aging.ResultsCompared with young mice, the recovery of brain damage after middle cerebral artery occlusion is significantly impaired in aged mice, whereas the long‐term pretreatment with ginsenoside Rb1 through oral administration can greatly prevent the injury in a dose‐dependent manner. In addition, we further explored the involvement of oxidative stress and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase activation in aged mice stimulated by cerebral ischemia, both of which were found to be blocked by ginsenoside Rb1.ConclusionsThese observations suggest that ginsenoside Rb1 could represent promising applications as anti‐oxidants for the anti‐aging treatment of neurological disorders, such as stroke, in elderly patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 338–345.
Age‐related differences in dual task performance: A cross‐sectional study on women
Authors: Brustio Paolo R , Magistro Daniele , Rabaglietti Emanuela , Liubicich Monica E 
Published: December 2015

AimSimultaneous performances of motor and attention‐demanding tasks are common in activities of everyday life. The present cross‐sectional study examined the changes and age‐related differences on mobility performance with an additional cognitive or motor task, and evaluated the relative dual‐task cost (DTC) on the motor performance in young, middle‐aged and older women.MethodsA total of 30 young (mean age 25.12 ± 3.00 years), 30 middle‐aged (mean age 47.82 ± 5.06 years) and 30 older women (mean age 72.74 ± 5.95 years) were recruited. Participants carried out: (i) single task: Timed Up & Go Test; (ii) cognitive dual‐task: Timed Up & Go Test while counting backwards by three; (iii) manual dual‐task: Timed Up & Go Test while carrying a glass of water. A repeated measures anova with between‐factor as age groups and within‐factor as tasks was carried out to assess the effect of aging on the performance of mobility tasks. DTC was calculated as ([performance in single‐task − performance in dual‐task] / performance in single task) × 100%. One‐way ancova were carried out to compare the DTC among the three age groups.ResultsA significant interaction between age groups and task (F4,172 = 6.716, P < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.135) was observed. Specifically, older women showed a worse mobility performance under dual‐task condition compared with young and middle‐aged groups. Furthermore, DTC differences in cognitive task were observed in older women compared with younger and middle‐aged women (F2,86 = 7.649, P < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.151), but not in manual task.ConclusionDual‐task conditions might affect mobility performance differently across the lifespan, and could be particularly challenging in older women. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 315–321.