bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment of reference costs for occupational health services and implementation of cost management in Japanese manufacturing companies
Authors: Nagata Tomohisa , Mori Koji , Aratake Yutaka , Ide Hiroshi , Nobori Junichiro , Kojima Reiko , Odagami Kiminori , Kato Anna , Hiraoka Mika , Shiota Naoki , Kobayashi Yuichi , Ito Masato , Tsutsumi Akizumi , Matsuda Shinya 
Published: May 2016

ObjectivesWe developed a standardized cost estimation method for occupational health (OH) services. The purpose of this study was to set reference OH services costs and to conduct OH services cost management assessments in two workplaces by comparing actual OH services costs with the reference costs.MethodsData were obtained from retrospective analyses of OH services costs regarding 15 OH activities over a 1‐ year period in three manufacturing workplaces. We set the reference OH services costs in one of the three locations and compared OH services costs of each of the two other workplaces with the reference costs.ResultsThe total reference OH services cost was 176,654 Japanese yen (JPY) per employee. The personnel cost for OH staff to conduct OH services was JPY 47,993, and the personnel cost for non‐OH staff was JPY 38,699. The personnel cost for receipt of OH services — opportunity cost—was JPY 19,747, expense was JPY 25,512, depreciation expense was 34,849, and outsourcing cost was JPY 9,854. We compared actual OH services costs from two workplaces (the total OH services costs were JPY 182,151 and JPY 238,023) with the reference costs according to OH activity. The actual costs were different from the reference costs, especially in the case of personnel cost for non‐OH staff, expense, and depreciation expense.ConclusionsUsing our cost estimation tool, it is helpful to compare actual OH services cost data with reference cost data. The outcomes help employers make informed decisions regarding investment in OH services.
Играет ли сапрофагия существенную роль в питании Opatrum sabulosum (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)?
Authors: Nazimov S. S. , Brygadyrenko V. V. 
Published: May 2016

Проанализирована роль сапрофагии в питании Opatrumsabulosum (L.) – одного из вредителей полевых культур, в первую очередь подсолненчика и кукурузы. Имаго данного вида чернотелок содержали в пластиковых садках, на субстрате из разных видов почв и подстилок естественных экосистем и агроценозов без доступа к растительной пище в течение 15 суток. Контрольную группу содержали без субстрата. Ежесуточно 720 экземпляров жуков взвешивали. При отсутствии корма отмечается практически линейное уменьшение масы тела имаго (к пятнадцатому дню – до 73,9% от исходной массы). На черноземе обыкновенном легкоглинистом слабосмытом, среднесмытом и лугово-черноземных почвах достоверных отличий в динамике потери массы тела от контрольного варианата (без субстрата) не обнаружено. К 15-м суткам содержания имаго O. sabulosum (L.) на почвах посевов Helianthusannuus (L.), Zeamays(L.), Triticumdurum (Dest.) и Brassicanapus (L.) достоверных изменений массы тела также не зарегистрировано. Пребывание имаго в течение 15 суток на почве посевов Fagоpyrumesculentum (Gilib.) и Betavulgaris (L.) привело к снижению массы тела жуков по сравнению с контролем на 5,86% и 8,02% соответственно (вероятно из-за влияния пестицидной обработки, проводимой на полях данных культур). Для вариантов опыта с подстилкой из искусственного лесного насаждения, степного калдана и отмерших растительных остатков лугового фитоценоза тальвега балки достоверного изменения массы тела особей O. sabulosum(L.) не зарегистрировано. Жуки, находящиеся в садках с подстилкой (фрагменты хвои сосны, травянистых растений и листьев тополя черного), образованной на песчаных аллювиальных отложениях, достоверно снизили массу тела на 6,28% по сравнению с контрольной группой. Таким образом, увеличения массы тела особей O. sabulosum (L.) в садках с растительными остатками и почвой четырех обследованных экосистем не зарегистрировано. Результаты исследований показали, что детритофагия для даного вида чернотелок не характерна (по крайней мере ее роль в питании сильно преувеличена).
Główne tendencje w handlu zagranicznym nowych państw członkowskich (UE-10) po akcesji do Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Polan Wojciech 
Published: May 2016

The aim of the article was to present the results of an analysis of major trends in foreign trade in the 10-year period following the largest eastern EU enlargement (2004–2013). Accession to the European Union meant a significant change in New Member States’ trade terms, both with other accession countries and EU-15 and third countries. The analysis focuses on the growing role of foreign trade as one of the important factors of economic development of the EU-10 and the increased integration of these countries into the global economy after accession. The statistical aspect of the study focused on the analysis of import and export growth (flows and dynamics), the structure of trade by SITC and BEC commodity groups, concentration indicators (such as the Gini coefficient and the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index) and the similarity of the structures of exchange. The conclusions from this research enabled the identification of arguments for the thesis that structural changes which resulted from trade liberalisation within the EU integration processes helped improve the international competitive position of the EU-10 states.
The analysis of efficacy of the use of inhibitor interleukin-1 in the complex therapy of secondary osteoarthritis taking into account the dynamics of clinical and functional indicators
Authors: Starodubtseva I. A. , Vasilieva L. V. , Nikitin A. V. 
Published: May 2016

Backgraund: Secondary osteoarthritis (OA) adversely affects an underlying disease and can enhance clinical manifestations of articular syndrome. Early detection of comorbid pathology and early treatment with the therapy of underlying condition is of primary importance to preserve adequate functional activity in patients.The Aims to analyze the efficacy of the use of inhibitor of interleukin -1 in the complex treatment of secondary OA in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Materials and methods: 248 patients with secondary OA in RA were divided in 4 groups: patients of group I (n=62) took inhibitor of interleukin-1 (50mg x 2 times per day) in combination with laser therapy on the basis of methotrexate (10-20 mg per week), group II (n=60) received inhibitor of interleukin-1 in complex with methotrexate, in group III (n=62)-laser therapy with methotrexate and in group 4 – methotrexate. The analysis of treatment efficacy we estimated in 3 and 6 months according to the dynamics of pain on VAS, indexes HAQ and KOOS. Results: group 1 showed statistical significant reduction of pain on VAS on movement after 3 and 6 months on 28,53 mm (43,6%) and 31,3 мм (48%) accordingly, to values 36,87±1,56* и 33,11±1,11* (p0,05). It was noted the statistical significant advantages of HAQ dynamics in group I in comparison with groups II, III, IV (p=0,03). The most prominent statistical significant (p=0,02) significant advantages according to the dynamics of index KOOS it was noted in groups of patients who took diacerein (I and II) after 6 months complex treatment.Conclusions: the involvement of inhibitor of interleukin -1 in the complex treatment of secondary OA in patients with RA contributes to clinical improvement according to VAS (p=0,03), index KOOS, that shows functional condition of the knee and increase the quality of life by index HAQ (p=0,03) after 6 months therapy.
Hepatobiliary system diseases as the predictors of psoriasis progression
Authors: Smirnova Svetlana Vital'evna , Barilo Anna Aleksandrovna , Smol'nikova Marina Viktorovna 
Published: May 2016

Purpose of the study. To assess the state of the hepatobiliary system in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis in order to establish a causal relationship and to identify clinical and functional predictors of psoriatic disease progression.Methods. The study included patients with extensive psoriasis vulgaris (n = 175) from the age of 18 to 66. Divided into 3 groups: 1 – psoriasis patients with isolated skin lesions (n = 77), 2 – patients with psoriatic arthritis (n = 98), 3 – apparently healthy blood donors (n = 30), matched by sex and age. The evaluation of functional state of the hepatobiliary system was performed by analysis of the clinical and anamnestic data and by the laboratory- instrumental methods.Results. Identified predictors psoriasis: triggers (stress and nutritional factor), increased total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transferase, eosinophilia, giardiasis, carriers of hepatitis C virus, and changes focal ductal formation in the liver , thickening of the walls of the gallbladder by ultrasound. Predictors of psoriatic arthritis: age over 50 years, dyspeptic complaints, the presence of hepatobiliary system diseases, the positive right hypochondrium syndrome, the clinical symptoms of chronic cholecystitis, excess body weight, high levels of bilirubin, cholesterol and low density lipoprotein, hepatomegaly, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Conclusion. High activity of hepatocytes cytolysis, cholestasis, inflammation, metabolic disorders can be considered psoriatic arthritis as a severe clinical stage psoriatic disease where the hepatobiliary system, in turn, is one of the main target organs in systemic psoriatic process. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic cholecystitis are predictors of psoriatic disease progression.
ICMS VERDE PARA A REDUÇÃO DO DESMATAMENTO AMAZÔNICO: ESTUDO SOBRE UMA EXPERIÊNCIA RECENTE
Authors: Merlin Lise Vieira da Costa Tupiassu , Oliveira Adriano Carvalho 
Published: May 2016

O presente artigo apresenta e analisa criticamente a recente instituição do ICMS Verde no Estado do Pará, dentro do contexto da busca pela redução desmatamento amazônico que determinou sua adoção. O ICMS Verde é visto como um vertente da política pública conhecida como ICMS Ecológico, que opera uma alteração nos critérios de redistribuição da parcela da receita obtida com a cobrança do Imposto sobre operações relativas à circulação de mercadorias e serviços – ICMS pertencente aos Municípios, com base em elementos ambientais. É considerada como uma aplicação do federalismo fiscal em prol do desenvolvimento socioambiental dos Municípios brasileiros. Após apresentar o histórico e as características gerais da política do ICMS Ecológico, bastante utilizada no Brasil, passa-se ao estudo da modelagem normativa do ICMS Verde paraense, analisando-se, por conseguinte, algumas consequências advindas da aplicação prática de tais normas, evidenciando os paradoxos observados em relação ao objetivo de redução do desmatamento amazônico expressamente almejado.
CONTAMINAÇÃO POR CHUMBO, RISCOS, LIMITES LEGAIS E ALTERNATIVAS DE REMEDIAÇÃO
Authors: Souza Valmir de , Konrad Odorico , Gonçalves Junior Affonso Celso 
Published: May 2016

A contaminação por chumbo constitui hoje uma das formas de contaminação do meio ambiente, tendo além dos teores naturais, os teores devidos a ações antrópicas, como indústria de baterias, automóveis, siderúrgicas, fertilizantes entre outros, apresentando grande potencial de dano aos organismos vivos. Com base nos dados da literatura, foi possível facilitar a compreensão acerca do risco ambiental que isso representa. Uma vez que na atualidade, a contaminação de chumbo continua significativa, e cresce cada vez mais, sendo que a legislação sobre o tema ainda é permissiva. Este cenário abre espaço para que o setor produtivo trabalhe dentro dos “limites” aumentando os teores de chumbo no solo e água, contaminando o meio ambiente e agravando os problemas na cadeia trófica. O objetivo desta pesquisa é mostrar os riscos do chumbo ao ambiente e a saúde dos organismos vivos, realizando uma análise da legislação vigente, expondo as principais fontes emissoras do metal, assim como apontar alternativas de remediação para ambientes contaminados.
PLANIFICACIÓN TERRITORIAL Y SALUD
Authors: Oviedo Claudia Luján 
Published: May 2016

Todos los habitantes gozan del derecho a un ambiente sano, equilibrado y apto para el desarrollo humano. El ambiente debe ser adecuado para que las actividades productivas satisfagan las necesidades presentes, sin comprometer las de las generaciones futuras. El ambiente y la calidad de vida son conceptos estrechamente relacionados, entonces, el objetivo de la actuación de los poderes públicos, en su función garantizadora, es “mejorar la calidad de vida y defender y restaurar el ambiente”. La finalidad primordial que se asigna al Estado es la promoción del bien común, que en el siglo XXI se traduce como la obligación de alcanzar niveles aceptables de calidad de vida para sus poblaciones. Dicha función estatal responde a una concepción cualitativa del desarrollo que toma en consideración no sólo variables cuantitativas referidas a la producción y al incremento de ésta sino también los costes ambientales y sociales. Ya en la Declaración de Río de las Naciones Unidas 1992 se había afirmado en los Principios Nº 1 y 3 que el derecho al desarrollo de los diferentes países no era absoluto, y que se encontraba limitado – entre otros factores - por el respeto al ambiente, abriéndose paso así al principio del desarrollo sostenible, que “se ha convertido en un verdadero principio general del Derecho”.
Global Recession and Diamond Industry Workers: A Socio Economic Perspective
Authors: Sen Vinod , Solanki Mukesh Kumar , Kisan Jadhav Kishor 
Published: May 2016

<p>The recent globalization recession (2007-08) and its effect is all pervasive, the only 1 2 3 difference is of magnitude. Gems and Jewelry is of the largest contributor in India’s total export. Out of this total export of India diamond contributes more than 12 per cent. Gujarat is the one of the biggest player in diamond processing (cutting and polishing) and contributes about 72 per cent of the total exports of India. As diamond industry is mainly export based industry, during recession it adversely gets affected. This paper is an attempt to evaluate the effect of the global slowdown on the cutting and polishing worker. The paper is a case study of diamond industry workers of Surat based on the primary and secondary data that has been collected from 100 diamond cutting and polishing workers of the diamond industry located in Surat of Gujarat. The paper comes up with the conclusion that the recent recession adversely affected the socio-economic condition of the diamond worker and the scheme of social and economic benefits to the effected people fails miserably to support.</p><p><strong>Economic Literature,</strong> Vol. XI (47-53), June 2013 </p>
Comparison of Methods to Quantify Rhamnolipid and Optimization of Oil Spreading Method
Authors: Zhao Feng , Liang Xiaolong , Ban Yunhe , Han Siqin , Zhang Jie , Zhang Ying , Ma Fang 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
A rapid and reliable method to quantify rhamnolipid is indispensable to study and evaluate rhamnolipid-producing bacteria. Five methods were attempted to quantify rhamnolipid in bacteria culture. The oil spreading method better predicted the rhamnolipid concentration and is simpler than the other methods. The potential influencing factors (temperature, pH, salinity, metals, bacterial cells, carbon sources) were investigated. The common substance in fermentation broth has little effect on oil spreading circle. An optimized protocol of the oil spreading method to quantify rhamnolipid was proposed. A positive linear correlation (R2 – 0.9908) was established between the diameter of the formed oil spreading circle and the concentration of rhamnolipid (100–800 mg L−1). Results of a large number of samples suggested that the oil spreading method is easy, rapid and reliable to analyze quantitatively rhamnolipids.
One-Pot Preparation of Nano-SiO2 Using a Silane Derivative as a Coupling Agent
Authors: Luo Jianhui , Du Zhiping , Tai Xiumei , Wang Wanxu , Wu Jianghong , Ding Bin , Wang Pingmei 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The nano-silica particles were prepared by one-pot method using absolute ethanol as solvent. After the nano-silica derived from TEOS was synthesized, the coupling agent was added into the above suspension without any filtration or purification processes to modify the nano SiO2. The optimum modification conditions were determined based on the degree of oil affinity and water sorption ratio. The size and morphology of SiO2 before and after modification were observed using Transmission Electron Microscopy. The introductions of the organic chains to their surfaces were measured using Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and 13C solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. The influences of the hydrophobicity of the organic functional group on the nano-silica particles were tested by the water contact angle. The results show that the organic chains had been grafted on the surface of nano-silica.
THE REDSHIFT DISTRIBUTION OF DUSTY STAR-FORMING GALAXIES FROM THE SPT SURVEY
Authors: Strandet M. L. , Weiss A. , Vieira J. D. , de Breuck C. , Aguirre J. E. , Aravena M. , Ashby M. L. N. , Béthermin M. , Bradford C. M. , Carlstrom J. E. , Chapman S. C. , Crawford T. M. , Everett W. , Fassnacht C. D. , Furstenau R. M. , Gonzalez A. H. , Greve T. R. , Gullberg B. , Hezaveh Y. , Kamenetzky J. R. , Litke K. , Ma J. , Malkan M. , Marrone D. P. , Menten K. M. , Murphy E. J. , Nadolski A. , Rotermund K. M. , Spilker J. S. , Stark A. A. , Welikala N. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
We use the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Cycle 1 to determine spectroscopic redshifts of high-redshift dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) selected by their 1.4 mm continuum emission in the South Pole Telescope (SPT) survey. We present ALMA 3 mm spectral scans between 84 and 114 GHz for 15 galaxies and targeted ALMA 1 mm observations for an additional eight sources. Our observations yield 30 new line detections from CO, [C i], [N ii], H2O and NH3. We further present Atacama Pathfinder Experiment [C ii] and CO mid-J observations for seven sources for which only a single line was detected in spectral-scan data from ALMA Cycle 0 or Cycle 1. We combine the new observations with previously published and new millimeter/submillimeter line and photometric data of the SPT-selected DSFGs to study their redshift distribution. The combined data yield 39 spectroscopic redshifts from molecular lines, a success rate of >85%. Our sample represents the largest data set of its kind today and has the highest spectroscopic completeness among all redshift surveys of high-z DSFGs. The median of the redshift distribution is z = 3.9 ± 0.4, and the highest-redshift source in our sample is at z = 5.8. We discuss how the selection of our sources affects the redshift distribution, focusing on source brightness, selection wavelength, and strong gravitational lensing. We correct for the effect of gravitational lensing and find the redshift distribution for 1.4 mm selected sources with a median redshift of z = 3.1 ± 0.3. Comparing to redshift distributions selected at shorter wavelengths from the literature, we show that selection wavelength affects the shape of the redshift distribution.
Repeatability of Wavefront Aberration Measurements With a Placido-Based Topographer in Normal and Keratoconic Eyes
Authors: Ortiz-Toquero Sara , Rodriguez Guadalupe , de Juan Victoria , Martin Raul 
Published: May 2016

PURPOSE:
To determine and compare the repeatability of anterior corneal higher order aberrations (HOAs) using a Placido-based topographer (Allegro Topolyzer; WaveLight Technologie AG, Alcon Laboratories, Erlangen, Germany) in a sample of normal and keratoconic eyes.

METHODS:

Three repeated measurements of each cornea of normal and keratoconic eyes were taken with the Allegro Topolyzer. Repeatability of the HOAs (3rd- and 4th-order individual values and normalized polar Zernike coefficients, coma-like, root mean square (RMS) up to 8th-order values, HOA RMS, and total RMS for 6-mm pupil diameter) and central corneal power (3-mm pupil) were analyzed. Within-subject standard deviation (S
w
), precision, repeatability, coefficient of variation (CV), and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated.

RESULTS:

Zernike coefficients were significantly different between the normal (36 eyes of 36 patients) and keratoconus (36 eyes of 36 patients) groups (
P
≤ .03) except in Z
+1
3
, Z
+3
3
, Z
−4
4
, and Z
+4
4
. In the normal group, S
w
was 0.031
µ
m or less, CV ranged from 6.49% (spherical aberration) to 37.18% (secondary astigmatism), and ICC values ranged from 0.227 to 0.982. In the keratoconus group, S
w
was 0.059
µ
m or less, CV ranged from 2.06% (total RMS) to 25.82% (tetrafoil), and ICC values ranged from 0.839 to 0.996. In analyzing the keratoconus stages (Amsler–Krumeich classification), the repeatability of the Zernike coefficients tended to improve with increasing keratoconus stage.

CONCLUSIONS:
The repeatability of corneal wavefront aberration provided by the Allegro Topolyzer was better in keratoconic eyes (good and moderate repeatability) than in normal eyes (moderate and poor repeatability). These results are important to eye care practitioners and refractive surgeons during refractive surgery planning or keratoconus detection, classification, and management.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2016;32(5):338–344.]
Early Corneal Wound Healing and Inflammatory Responses After SMILE: Comparison of the Effects of Different Refractive Corrections and Surgical Experiences
Authors: Liu Yu-Chi , Teo Ericia Pei Wen , Lwin Nyein Chan , Yam Gary Hin Fai , Mehta Jodhbir S. 
Published: May 2016

PURPOSE:
To investigate the early corneal wound healing and inflammatory responses after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) with different power of corrections and surgical experiences using a rabbit model.

METHODS:
Twenty-four rabbits underwent SMILE with −2.00, −4.00, and −8.00 diopters (D) correction. One eye of each rabbit was operated on by surgeon 1 (experienced) and the contralateral eye was operated on by surgeon 2 (novice). Slit-lamp examination, anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), and in vivo confocal microscopy were performed at 1 day and 1 week postoperatively. The corneas were harvested for immunofluorescence of markers for inflammation (CD11b), wound healing (fibronectin), and keratocyte response (HSP47).

RESULTS:

All corneas appeared clear throughout the follow-up period. In vivo confocal microscopy showed a greater reflectivity after −8.00 D than −2.00 D correction at day 1 at the lenticule anterior, posterior, and extracted lenticule planes (surgeon 1:
P
= .004, .041, and .038; surgeon 2:
P
= .012, .045, and .031). Different refractive corrections did not significantly affect the expression of CD11b, fibronectin, and HSP47. In the −2.00 D group, eyes operated on by surgeon 2 had thicker central corneal thickness evaluated by AS-OCT (
P
= .049) and exhibited more CD11b- and HSP47-positive cells at day 1 at the small vertical incision (
P
= .039 and .042).

CONCLUSIONS:
The early inflammatory and wound healing responses after SMILE were minimal. In the early postoperative period, less surgical experience resulted in an increased inflammatory response in low myopic corrections. Greater keratocyte response was seen in high myopic corrections irrespective of surgeon experience.

[
J Refract Surg.
2016;32(5):346–353.]