bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti‐Müllerian hormone type II receptor protein expression in non‐small cell lung cancer and the effect of AMH/AMHR2 signaling on cancer cell proliferation
Authors: Koinuma Yoshika , Mitsuishi Yoichiro , Winardi Wira , Hidayat Moulid , Wirawan Aditya , Hayakawa Daisuke , Kanamori Koichiro , Matsumoto Naohisa , Hayashi Takuo , Shimada Naoko , Tajima Ken , Takamochi Kazuya , Takahashi Fumiyuki , Suzuki Kenji , Takahashi Kazuhisa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundNon‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide despite advances in cancer therapeutics. In several gynecological cancers, anti‐Müllerian hormone receptor type 2 (AMHR2) mediates AMH‐induced growth inhibition and is expressed at high levels. Furthermore, 5%–8% of NSCLCs exhibit high AMHR2 expression, suggesting that AMH may inhibit the progression of some lung cancers. However, the clinical relevance of AMHR2 expression and its role in lung cancer is not fully clarified.MethodsImmunostaining was performed on 79 surgical specimens of NSCLC. The Cancer Genome Atlas RNA‐seq data for lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed, and gene ontology and gene set enrichment analyses were performed. In cellular experiments, AMHR2‐overexpressing NSCLC cell lines were established, and the role of the AMH‐AMHR2 pathway in cell proliferation with recombinant human AMH protein treatment was examined.ResultsA total of 13 cases (16.5%) were positive for immunostaining in lung adenocarcinoma tissues; no positive signals were detected in lung squamous carcinoma tissues. Gene expression variation analysis using The Cancer Genome Atlas data showed that the expression of genes related to the cell cycle was downregulated in the AMHR2‐high group. Cellular experiments showed that activation of the AMH‐AMHR2 pathway suppressed cell proliferation.ConclusionIn lung adenocarcinoma tissues with high expression of AMHR2, activation of the AMH‐AMHR2 pathway may suppress cell proliferation.
Effects of interventions to combat tobacco addiction: Cochrane update of 2021 to 2023 reviews
Authors: Livingstone‐Banks Jonathan , Lindson Nicola , Hartmann‐Boyce Jamie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimsTo summarise systematic reviews on tobacco addiction published by the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group (CTAG) from 2021 to 2023.MethodsWe identified all new and updated Cochrane Reviews published by CTAG between 2021 and 2023. We present key results from these reviews and discuss promising avenues for future research.ResultsCTAG published five new reviews and one overview of reviews, and updated eight reviews. Review evidence showed that all main pharmacotherapies (varenicline, cytisine, bupropion and nicotine replacement therapy [NRT], especially when patches are combined with fast acting forms like gum) are effective for smoking cessation, as are nicotine e‐cigarettes. Evidence suggested similar magnitude of effects of varenicline, cytisine, and nicotine e‐cigarettes; these emerged as the most effective treatments. Evidence also supported behavioural counselling and financial incentives for smoking cessation. Secondary analyses of the Cochrane review of e‐cigarettes for smoking cessation showed over half of participants assigned to e‐cigarette conditions were still using them at six months or longer, that biomarkers of potential harm significantly reduced in people switching from smoking to vaping or to dual use, and that there was insufficient evidence to draw associations between e‐liquid flavours and smoking cessation. Findings on mindfulness‐based interventions, interventions delivered by dental and primary care professionals, interventions to prevent weight gain after smoking cessation, and interventions for waterpipe cessation were less certain. Reviews of observational evidence showed that smoking cessation reduced cardiovascular events and mortality in people living with cardiovascular disease, and improved mental health.ConclusionsNicotine replacement therapy (especially patches combined with fast acting forms), varenicline, cytisine, bupropion, nicotine e‐cigarettes, behavioural counselling, and financial incentives are all effective ways to help people quit smoking. Quitting smoking improves mental health and reduces cardiovascular events and mortality in people living with cardiovascular disease.
Ecological constraints and trait conservatism drive functional and phylogenetic structure of amphibian larvae communities in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Leão‐Pires Thiago A. , Luiz Amom M. , Sawaya Ricardo J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEcologists strive to untangle the complex interplay of current and historical factors, along with evolutionary history of species, to understand communities’ structure. However, this can be achieved by integrating different approaches to expanding our knowledge about the underlying processes connecting assemble rules of ecological communities. In order to better understand how ecological and/or evolutionary factors may affect the structure of communities, we assessed the phylogenetic and functional structure of 33 tadpole communities in the Atlantic Forest Southeastern Brazil and tested whether phylogenetic conservatism drives tadpole traits. We identified 19 communities which were significantly phylogenetic clustered and 10 which were significantly functional clustered. Trait diversity was skewed towards the root, indicating phylogenetic trait conservatism as an important driver of the structure of tadpole communities. The best explanatory model of the phylogenetic diversity included, in order of importance, presence of potential fish predators, water conductivity, external diversity of vegetation structure, canopy cover, internal diversity of vegetation structure and dissolved oxygen. Most variables were negatively correlated with phylogenetic diversity, but the presence of potential fish predators was positively correlated. For functional structure, external diversity of vegetation structure, canopy cover, area, dissolved oxygen and presence of potential fish predators were selected as the best explanatory model (presented in order of importance). Furthermore, of the 10 functionally structured communities, eight were also phylogenetically structured. In this sense, environmental variables could be filtering tadpole lineages interacting with phylogenetically conserved species traits, thus driving anura tadpole species’ occurrence on communities. Our study provides evidence that anuran communities structure results from interacting ecological and evolutionary processes.
The importance of competition theme in reducing taxonomic bias in the Threatened Species Bake Off
Authors: Middleton Eliza J. T. , Au Elroy , Hayes Anna‐Lisa , Forster Caitlyn Y. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn 2023, Forster et al. published an article on the effectiveness of social media in conservation messaging for the Threatened Species Commissioner's Threatened Species Bake Off. The research of species represented in cakes revealed persistent biases favouring charismatic mammals and birds over less charismatic taxa like plants. The authors recommended future iterations of the Bake Off focus on less popular threatened species to address these biases, whilst highlighting the utility of the data available on social media platforms. In this follow‐up article, we examine the impact of the theme choice by the Office of the Threatened Species Commissioner which was directly influenced by the previous publication's findings. The 2023 theme, ‘Loving the unlovely and getting to know the unknown’, aimed to increase participation by focusing on plants and the under‐represented. Results indicated a notable increase in representation of these groups compared with previous years, suggesting theme selection significantly influences public engagement. The study emphasizes the potential of social media platforms in raising awareness and fostering pro‐conservation behaviours, highlighting their role in shaping public perceptions and supporting policy changes for species conservation, and lists recommendations for future iterations of such campaigns.
Incidence and relative risk of delirium after major surgery for patients with pre‐operative depression: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Diep Calvin , Patel Krisha , Petricca Jessica , Daza Julian F. , Lee Sandra , Xue Yuanxin , Kremic Luka , Xiao Maggie Z. X. , Pivetta Bianca , Vigod Simone N. , Wijeysundera Duminda N. , Ladha Karim S. 
Published: September 2024

SummaryBackgroundDelirium is a common and potentially serious complication after major surgery. A previous history of depression is a known risk factor for experiencing delirium in patients admitted to the hospital, but the generalised risk has not been estimated in surgical patients.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies reporting the incidence or relative risk (or relative odds) of delirium in the immediate postoperative period for adults with pre‐operative depression. We included studies that defined depression as either a formal pre‐existing diagnosis or having clinically important depressive symptoms measured using a patient‐reported instrument before surgery. Multilevel random effects meta‐analyses were used to estimate the pooled incidences and pooled relative risks. We also conducted subgroup analyses by various study‐level characteristics to identify important moderators of pooled estimates.ResultsForty‐two studies (n = 4,664,051) from five continents were included. The pooled incidence of postoperative delirium for patients with pre‐operative depression was 29% (95%CI 17–43%, I2 = 99.0%), compared with 15% (95%CI 6–28%, I2 = 99.8%) in patients without pre‐operative depression and 21% (95% CI 11–33%, I2 = 99.8%) in the cohorts overall. For patients with pre‐operative depression, the risk of delirium was 1.91 times greater (95%CI 1.68–2.17, I2 = 42.0%) compared with patients without pre‐operative depression.ConclusionsPatients with a previous diagnosis of depression or clinically important depressive symptoms before surgery have substantially greater risk of experiencing delirium after surgery. Clinicians and patients should be informed of these increased risks. Robust screening and other risk mitigation strategies for postoperative delirium are warranted, especially for patients with pre‐operative depression.
Efficacy and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in anejaculation: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Ming , Liu Qiushi , Gao Hui , Peng Dangwei , Wang Weinan , Ma Juncheng , Chen Zihang , Zhang Wangheng , Jannini Tommaso B. , Jannini Emmanuele A. , Jiang Hui , Zhang Xiansheng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAnejaculation represents significant psychological distress and sexual and reproductive challenges among male individuals and couples. Effective fertility management options are available to address the reproductive challenges associated with anejaculation. However, there is a lack of methods to reverse the condition itself.ObjectivesThis study aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in patients suffering from anejaculation.MethodsA total of 94 patients with anejaculation individuals were randomly assigned to receive high‐frequency (HF) stimulation on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), low‐frequency (LF) stimulation on the right DLPFC, and sham stimulation for 4 weeks, with daily sessions of stimulation occurring on five consecutive weekdays each week.ResultsAfter 4 weeks of rTMS treatment, the patients in both the HF and LF groups exhibited a similar reduction in their male sexual health questionnaire for ejaculatory dysfunction bother/satisfaction score, Hamilton Anxiety Scale score, Hamilton Depression Scale score, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory score, which were statistically significant compared with sham treatment. Additionally, there were no significant differences observed in erectile function and cognitive function across the three groups. However, there were notable disparities in the cure rates between HF‐ and LF‐group patients (16.1% vs. 54.8%, p = 0.001). Additionally, it is worth noting that only two HF group patients and one LF group patient experienced spontaneously resolving minor adverse effects during the treatment process. At the 8‐week follow‐up, among patients who initially responded to the treatment, only one from the HF group experienced a relapse.Discussion and conclusionThe findings of this study demonstrate that rTMS represents a secure and efficacious remedy for anejaculation patients.
Making the case for ‘care‐full’, ‘slower’ research: Reflections on researching ethically and relationally using mobile phone methods with food‐insecure households during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Briggs Alison 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper reflects on the research process and ethics of doing research with low‐income households in Stoke‐on‐Trent, UK, during the coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork with five mothers experiencing food insecurity, I argue that it is imperative that researchers employ ‘care‐full’, slow, flexible methodologies situated within everyday lives to ensure that research with vulnerable and precarious groups of people is not exploitative, especially during times of crisis. The emergency public health measures introduced to contain COVID‐19 in March 2020 acted like a brake on my research activities, slowing things down, limiting the methods available to me, and ultimately, provoking a reimagining of my original research design. I make two contributions. First, building on feminist geographical scholarship on care and reflexivity, and calls for ‘slow’ research that prioritises the shifting needs of researchers and participants, I suggest adopting a relational approach to take account of participant subjectivities in order to minimise disruption in their everyday lives. Second, through discussing the ways in which I employed the mobile phone to continue gathering data with participant mothers during COVID‐19, I build on nascent geographical and methodological conversations about the role of technologies in the design and implementation of care‐full research. In highlighting the limitations of the mobile phone as a research device in this context, I extend current limited understandings of utilising mobile phones to gather data in the course of conducting research with marginalised people.
Only a matter of time? Using logfile data to evaluate temporal motivation theory in university students' examination preparation
Authors: Janson Marc Philipp , Wenker Theresa , Bäulke Lisa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhile previous research has emphasized the importance of personal beliefs (expectancy‐value theories) for achievement‐motivated behaviour, it lacks the integration of temporal factors that are also discussed as important drivers of achievement‐motivated behaviour. Temporal Motivation Theory (TMT) combines both approaches in a formalized manner.AimsAlthough TMT is supported by empirical studies with self‐reported academic procrastination, it has not been tested on actual achievement‐motivated behaviour.Materials & MethodsWe evaluated the predictive power of the TMT on N = 2351 learning days of 127 psychology students' self‐regulated examination preparation for statistics over the course of one semester using logfile data of an e‐learning system.ResultsThe proposed TMT score, incorporating expectancy and value beliefs, sensivitiy to delay, and actual time till examination predicted students' achievement‐motivated behaviour significantly.DiscussionFurther analyses revealed that not the trait compositions of the TMT, but the temporal proximity of the statistics examination was the main driver of this association.ConclusionThe results have important implications for understanding the factors that shape students' motivation to learn and subsequent academic success in actual learning situations. Thus, research should continue to take situational aspects, especially the temporal proximity of goals more into account.
Association of biomarkers of endothelial function, coagulation activation and kidney injury with persistent albuminuria in sickle cell anaemia
Authors: Elsherif Laila , Tang Yihan , Patillo Kammie L. , Wichlan David , Ogu Ugochi O. , Landes Kristina , McCune Paula , Scott Lara C. , Gulledge Whitney , Woodland Woodi H. , Nelson Marquita , Loehr Laura R. , Cronin Robert M. , Desai Payal C. , Zhou Laura Y. , Pollock David M. , Zou Fei , Cai Jianwen , Derebail Vimal K. , Ataga Kenneth I. 
Published: September 2024

SummaryPersistent albuminuria (PA) is common in sickle cell anaemia (SCA). With the association of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with increased mortality, biomarkers that predict its development or progression are needed. We evaluated the association of select biomarkers with PA in adults with SCA using Kruskal–Wallis rank‐sum test and logistic regression models, with adjustment for multiple testing. Of 280 subjects, 100 (35.7%) had PA. Median plasma levels of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1) (1176.3 vs. 953.4 ng/mL, false discovery rate [FDR] q‐value <0.003), thrombin–antithrombin complex (5.5 vs. 4.7 ng/mL, FDR q‐value = 0.04), and urinary angiotensinogen (AGT) (12.2 vs. 5.3 ng/mg, FDR q‐value <0.003), urinary nephrin (30.6 vs. 27.2 ng/mg, FDR q‐value = 0.04), and urinary kidney injury molecule‐1 (KIM‐1) (0.8 vs. 0.5 ng/mg, FDR q‐value <0.003), normalized to urine creatinine, were significantly higher in subjects with PA. In multivariable analysis, only urinary AGT (odds ratio = 1.058, FDR q‐value <0.0001) remained a significant predictor of PA. In addition, soluble VCAM‐1 (FDR q‐value <0.0001), D‐dimer (FDR q‐value <0.0001), urinary AGT (FDR q‐value <0.0001), KIM‐1 (FDR q‐value <0.0001), and nephrin (FDR q‐value <0.0001) were significantly associated with urine albumin–creatinine ratio in multivariable analyses. Longitudinal studies to evaluate the predictive capacity of biomarkers for the development and progression of CKD in SCA are warranted.
Nonamyloidogenic TTR gene variants c.76G>A and c.337‐18G>C are not associated with idiopathic small‐fiber neuropathy
Authors: Konecki Céline , Francou Bruno , Chappell Kenneth , Augey Lucie , Beaudonnet Guillemette , Cauquil Cécile , Dimitri‐Boulos Dalia , Not Adeline , Adam Clovis , Poinsignon Vianney , Verstuyft Céline , Adams David , Echaniz‐Laguna Andoni , Labeyrie Céline 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeSmall‐fiber neuropathy (SFN) affects only unmyelinated and thin myelinated fibers. It may be caused by amyloidogenic mutations of the transthyretin (TTR) gene, but not all TTR gene variants are pathogenic. The nonamyloidogenic c.76G>A (rs1800458) and c.337‐18G>C (rs36204272) variants of TTR were recently reported to be associated with SFN. We investigated this putative association by analyzing TTR gene sequencing data retrospectively for two cohorts of patients, one with SFN and a control group.MethodsIn this retrospective single‐center study, we analyzed the frequency of the c.76G>A and c.337‐18G>C TTR gene variants in a cohort of patients meeting a strict definition of SFN, with or without dysautonomia, a control cohort of patients investigated for nonneurological conditions, and the gnomAD international database.ResultsWe included 55 SFN patients in this study, 17 of whom had dysautonomia. The allelic frequencies of the two variants in our cohort of 55 SFN patients were 7.27% for c.76G>A TTR and 5.25% for c.337‐18G>C. The frequencies of both variants were statistically similar in the 337 control patients and the gnomAD database.ConclusionsThe c.76G>A and c.337‐18G>C TTR gene variants are not associated with SFN.
Aripiprazole/Sertraline Combination: Clinical and Cost‐Effectiveness in Comparison With Quetiapine for the Treatment of Bipolar Depression (ASCEnD Trial)—Protocol for a Nested Qualitative Study
Authors: Hoppe Isobel , Watson Stuart , Kemp Caroline , Turnbull Fiona , Davies Firoza , Gibson John , Azim Lumbini , Wall Lauren , Ahuja Niraj , Al‐Ashmori Sarah , Keys Sally , Kabir Thomas , Chew‐Graham Carolyn A. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionBipolar disorder is a recurrent mental health disorder with a prevalence rate of 1.4%. On average, there can be a delay of 9.5 years from the initial presentation of symptoms to a confirmed diagnosis. Individuals living with bipolar disorder have a reduced life expectancy. There is limited evidence regarding the effectiveness of antidepressants in treating bipolar disorder. The ASCEnD clinical trial will test the clinical and cost‐effectiveness of the aripiprazole/sertraline combination in comparison with quetiapine for the treatment of bipolar depression (individuals who suffer from depressive episodes in bipolar disorder) and will include a nested qualitative study.MethodsThe qualitative study will use semi‐structured interviews to explore pilot trial participants' and clinicians' perspectives on recruitment procedures, the acceptability of the intervention, the management of bipolar disorder and attitudes to medication combinations.ConclusionFindings will inform recruitment strategies and optimise training for the participating sites in the ASCEnD full trial. They will also help to illuminate the lived experience of people with bipolar disorder and the clinicians who work with people with bipolar disorder. The discussion will explore perspectives on the delay in diagnosis, having a diagnosis, the impact of living with bipolar disorder and attitudes to treatment, including drug combinations.Patient or Public ContributionA Lived Experience Advisory Panel (LEAP) has been convened with the support of the McPin Foundation, which will contribute to the ASCEnD trial and its nested qualitative study to provide input on the design and delivery of the trial and qualitative study, analysis of qualitative data and dissemination of findings.
Evaluation of the immature platelet fraction as a predictive marker of bone marrow regeneration after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Steibel Kélian , Joris Magalie , Clichet Valentin , Charbonnier Amandine , Desoutter Judith , Marolleau Jean‐Pierre , Garçon Loïc , Boyer Thomas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionHematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCST) is a widely used therapy in the management of hematological malignancies, leading to cytopenias that require transient transfusions. Platelet recovery (PR) following HSCT is assessed by monitoring platelet count (PC). Immature platelet fraction (IPF) is a research parameter offered by Sysmex® on XN series analyzers, enabling rapid diagnostic orientation in the event of thrombocytopenia. It has also been described as a predictive factor for PR after chemotherapy or HSCT, and thresholds have been proposed.MethodsThe objective of this study was to assess the predictive capability of IPF for PR in a prospective cohort of patients undergoing HSCT and to evaluate its utility in guiding platelet transfusion decision.ResultsAn optimized A‐IPF (absolute number of IPF) threshold of 2.5 × 109/L was predictive of a PC greater than 50 × 109/L at day 30 with a sensitivity of 78.9%, specificity of 78.6%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 83.3% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 73.3%. We were able to distinguish patients recovering PC before day 15 with an earlier %IPF peak, greater IPF recovery kinetics and faster neutrophil recovery.ConclusionA‐IPF shows promise as a predictor of PR following HSCT. A multicenter study could help confirm both A‐IPF and %IPF (IPF) clinical utility before it is made available to clinicians.