bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Birds in Portuguese Literature
Authors: Queiroz Ana Isabel , Soares Filipa 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Birds are emblematic natural elements of landscapes. Readily noticeable and appreciated due to their songs and flight, they have been thoroughly used as components of literary scenarios. This paper analyses their representations in a broad corpus (144 writings by 67 writers) since the nineteenth century, divided in three time-periods. It aims to understand which wild birds are represented in Portuguese literature, how those representations prevail over time, and what literary texts reveal about distribution and abundance of the birds mentioned, linked to major environmental and landscape changes. Based on common names, 112 taxonomic units are identified, corresponding to either one species, species of the same genera or family or a higher taxon. In addition, historical distribution and abundance are extracted from literary texts and compared with data from biological sources, such as ornithological reports, guides, atlas and red data books. We conclude that bird representations are frequent and diversified in terms of taxonomic units, and this richness tends to prevail over time. The most prolific wild bird representations are linked to the writers' own experiences of the Portuguese countryside during their childhood and youth. It is particularly significant in the writers from the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth century, with a rural origin, like most of the population. Despite landscape and social changes through time, contemporary literature still reveals a sound knowledge of birds and a proximity and appreciation of nature, which can be explained by the rural ancestry of some current writers, as a kind of countryside nostalgia, and/or the embodiment of an environmental discourse of wildlife preservation.
Faire mieux que la nature? The History of Eel Restocking in Europe
Authors: Dekker Willem , Beaulaton Laurent 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Young eel, recruiting from the ocean towards Europe, are most abundant along the Atlantic coast of France. Since 1840, attempts have been made to redistribute them from the areas of highest abundance to other countries and farther inland. This 'restocking' has been troubled by technical constraints (e.g. mode of transport and maximum distance eel can be shipped alive), wars (e.g. the Franco-Prussian War and World Wars One and Two) and, in recent decades, by shortage of supply due to the general decline of the eel stock all across Europe. Though objectives and procedures have changed considerably over the years, the recurring aim has been to increase production and, in that way, to 'faire mieux que la nature'. We document the historical development of these efforts from their inception, and contrast the achievements to the objectives. Except for the 1952-1990 period in Eastern Europe, restocking has probably added only slightly to the natural production. As successful as restocking might have been locally, it has not markedly changed the overall trends and distribution patterns or halted the general decline of the stock and fishery. Poor post-evaluation, frequent technical innovation and a constant renewal of the countries and people involved have kept the promise of a better future alive for 175 years.
Altered Natural Killer Cell Subsets in Seropositive Arthralgia and Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Are Associated with Autoantibody Status
Authors: Chalan Paulina , Bijzet Johan , Kroesen Bart-Jan , Boots Annemieke M.H. , Brouwer Elisabeth 
Published: April 2016

Objective.The role of natural killer (NK) cells in the immunopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is unclear. Therefore, numerical and functional alterations of CD56dimand CD56brightNK cells in the early stages of RA development were studied.Methods.Whole blood samples from newly diagnosed, treatment-naive, seropositive (SP) and seronegative (SN) patients with RA (SP RA, n = 45 and SN RA, n = 12), patients with SP arthralgia (n = 30), and healthy controls (HC, n = 41) were assessed for numbers and frequencies of T cells, B cells, and NK cells. SP status was defined as positive for anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) and/or rheumatoid factor (RF). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used for further analysis of NK cell phenotype and function.Results.Total NK cell numbers were decreased in SP RA and SP arthralgia but not in SN RA. Also, NK cells from SP RA showed a decreased potency for interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production. A selective decrease of CD56dim, but not CD56bright, NK cells in SP RA and SP arthralgia was observed. This prompted investigation of CD16 (FcγRIIIa) triggering in NK cell apoptosis and cytokine expression.In vitro,CD16 triggering induced apoptosis of CD56dimbut not CD56brightNK cells from HC. This apoptosis was augmented by adding interleukin 2 (IL-2). Also, CD16 triggering in the presence of IL-2 stimulated IFN-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α expression by CD56dimNK cells.Conclusion.The decline of CD56dimNK cells in SP arthralgia and SP RA and thein vitroapoptosis of CD56dimNK cells upon CD16 triggering suggest a functional role of immunoglobulin G-containing autoantibody (anti-CCP and/or RF)-immune complexes in this process. Moreover, CD16-triggered cytokine production by CD56dimNK cells may contribute to systemic inflammation as seen in SP arthralgia and SP RA.
Increased Frequency of Hand Osteoarthritis in Patients with Primary Sjögren Syndrome Compared with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Aksoy Adem , Solmaz Dilek , Can Gercek , Cetin Pinar , Balci Ali , Akar Servet , Birlik Merih , Akkoc Nurullah , Onen Fatos 
Published: April 2016

Objective.In daily practice, we noticed that hand osteoarthritis (OA) was commonly associated with primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS). Therefore, we aimed to investigate its prevalence in patients with pSS in a controlled study.Methods.The study included patients with pSS and controls with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Standard hand/wrist radiographs were obtained and classified according to the Kellgren-Lawrence system. “Erosive hand OA” was defined according to the Verbruggen-Veys classification.Results.There were 114 patients with pSS (110 women, 51.0 yrs) and 34 patients with SLE (33 women, 42.4 yrs). Among 114 patients with pSS, 42.7% had radiographic, 30.3% symptomatic, and 16.0% erosive hand OA. The prevalences of radiographic (45.5%) and erosive hand OA (14.4%) in 90 patients with pSS with age- and sex-matched patients with SLE were significantly higher than those in patients with SLE (14.7% and 0.0%, p = 0.007 and p = 0.012, respectively). Interobserver reliabilities for diagnosing radiographic and erosive OA were found to be good (ĸ = 0.780 and ĸ = 0.788, respectively). Intraobserver reliabilities for diagnosing radiographic and erosive OA were also good (ĸ = 0.784 and ĸ = 0.825 for FO, and ĸ = 0.722 and ĸ = 0.800 for AB, respectively). The frequency of hand OA in patients with pSS was found to be increased with increasing age (r = 0.513). The mean age of those with erosive hand OA was significantly higher than those without erosive OA (p < 0.001).Conclusion.This study suggests that pSS, conversely to SLE, is more frequently associated with hand OA.
Pulmonary Involvement in the Antisynthetase Syndrome: A Comparative Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Andersson Helena , Aaløkken Trond Mogens , Günther Anne , Mynarek Georg Karl , Garen Torhild , Lund May Brit , Molberg Øyvind 
Published: April 2016

Objective.Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a major component of the antisynthetase syndrome, but quantitative data on longterm pulmonary outcome in antisynthetase syndrome are limited. In this study, the main aims were to compare pulmonary function tests (PFT) and the 6-min walking distance (6MWD) between patients with antisynthetase syndrome and healthy sex- and age-matched controls, to evaluate the extent of ILD by lung high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), and to assess correlations between PFT measures and ILD extent.Methods.Concurrent PFT and 6MWD were performed in 68 patients with antisynthetase syndrome and their individually matched controls. Additionally, in the patients, the extent of ILD was determined in 10 HRCT sections, expressed as percentage of total lung volumes.Results.Median disease duration in the antisynthetase syndrome cohort was 71 months. Compared with the matched controls, the patients with antisynthetase syndrome had mean 28%, 27%, and 53% lower absolute values of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and DLCO (p < 0.001). Mean difference in 6MWD between patients and controls was 116 m (p < 0.001). Median extent of ILD by HRCT was 20% (range 0–73) and correlated with FVC and DLCO. Pulmonary outcome did not differ between Jo1 and non-Jo1 subsets.Conclusion.To our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate a highly significant difference in PFT between patients with antisynthetase syndrome with 6 years of followup and healthy controls. DLCO displayed the highest difference with mean 53% lower value in the patients. FVC and DLCO correlated significantly with ILD extent, indicating these variables as appropriate outcome measures in antisynthetase syndrome–associated ILD.
Efficacy and Outcome of Rapid Access Rheumatology Consultation: An Office-based Pilot Cohort Study
Authors: Puchner Rudolf , Janetschko Richard , Kaiser Wilhelm , Linkesch Manfred , Steininger Markus , Tremetsberger Raimund , Alkin Alois , Machold Klaus 
Published: April 2016

Objective.Waiting times for first appointments are a major obstacle to timely rheumatology care. To improve access, a cooperative of office-based rheumatologists established an immediate access network, offering brief initial assessments for patients with musculoskeletal problems.Methods.Patients were assessed at presentation and followed up after 6 months. Data were analyzed regarding demographics, diagnostic accuracy, clinical variables such as pain levels, and care.Results.There were 335 patients assessed in the 6 cooperating practices during dedicated office hours. There were 124 patients (38%) who had a symptom duration of < 3 months. For patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), this proportion was 43% (70% for self-referred patients with RA). In the 325 patients available for reassessment after 6 months, initially suspected diagnoses were confirmed in 88%. Confirmation rates were 93% for RA (59 patients) and 84% for spondyloarthritis (SpA; 46 patients). At the followup examination, the visual analog scale for pain in patients with RA had significantly decreased from a median (interquartile range) of 70 (57.75–80) to 27.5 (20–42). For patients with SpA, the decrease was from 65 (50–79) to 30 (20–40).Conclusion.The Rapid Access Clinic resulted in a substantial improvement of access to rheumatology assessment. More than one-third of the patients presented < 3 months after symptom onset. Suspected diagnoses of inflammatory rheumatic diseases were confirmed in almost 90%. This initiative demonstrates the feasibility of a rapid access service and indicates high diagnostic accuracy in such a setting. In particular, with respect to early access, it compares favorably with similar hospital-based approaches.
Identifying Targets for Improving Mental Healthcare of Adolescents with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Perspectives from Pediatric Rheumatology Clinicians in the United States and Canada
Authors: Knight Andrea M. , Vickery Michelle E. , Muscal Eyal , Davis Alaina M. , Harris Julia G. , Soybilgic Arzu , Onel Karen B. , Schanberg Laura E. , Rubinstein Tamar , Gottlieb Beth S. , Mandell David S. , von Scheven Emily 
Published: April 2016

Objective.To identify targets for improving mental healthcare of adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by assessing current practices and perceived barriers for mental health intervention by pediatric rheumatology clinicians.Methods.Members of the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) completed a Web-based survey assessing current mental health practices, beliefs, and barriers. We examined associations between provider characteristics and the frequency of barriers to mental health screening and treatment using multivariable linear regression.Results.Of the 375 eligible CARRA members, 130 responded (35%) and 119 completed the survey. Fifty-two percent described identification of depression/anxiety in adolescents with SLE at their practice as inadequate, and 45% described treatment as inadequate. Seventy-seven percent stated that routine screening for depression/anxiety in pediatric rheumatology should be conducted, but only 2% routinely used a standardized instrument. Limited staff resources and time were the most frequent barriers to screening. Respondents with formal postgraduate mental health training, experience treating young adults, and practicing at sites with very accessible mental health staff, in urban locations, and in Canada reported fewer barriers to screening. Long waitlists and limited availability of mental health providers were the most frequent barriers to treatment. Male clinicians and those practicing in the Midwest and Canada reported fewer barriers to treatment.Conclusion.Pediatric rheumatology clinicians perceive a need for improved mental healthcare of adolescents with SLE. Potential strategies to overcome barriers include enhanced mental health training for pediatric rheumatologists, standardized rheumatology-based mental health practices, and better integration of medical and mental health services.
Comment expliquer le départ volontaire des chercheurs ?
Authors: Alves Sarah , Culié Jean-Denis 
Published: April 2016

Cet article analyse les raisons du départ volontaire des chercheurs, à travers une recherche exploratoire portant sur 38 départs volontaires effectués par 21 chercheurs spécialisés dans la microélectronique et l’informatique. Par rapport à la littérature, trois nouveaux motifs ont été identifiés : la configuration organisationnelle, l’ intérêt pour le domaine technologique ou le secteur d’activité et le désaccord avec la stratégie de l’organisation.
Les déterminants organisationnels du harcèlement moral : une analyse d’une revue actualisée de littérature
Authors: Zaitseva Valeriia , Chaudat Pierre 
Published: April 2016

L’objectif de cet article est de cerner les principaux facteurs organisationnels influençant le harcèlement moral dans le milieu de l’entreprise à partir d’une définition précise : une durée minimale du harcèlement d’au moins 6 mois et une notion de répétitivité de l’acte d’une façon hebdomadaire ou mensuelle. La recherche concernant 450 articles et l’analyse de 68 articles sur le sujet, a permis d’identifier cinq types de facteurs : l’organisation du travail, le leadership , la culture organisationnelle et le climat social, le système de récompenses et les changements organisationnels.
Benchmarking , attraction et valeur touristique du territoire : une analyse par le secteur hôtelier français
Authors: Corne Aurélie , Botti Laurent 
Published: April 2016

Le but de cet article est de proposer une analyse de la performance touristique des territoires via l’efficience du secteur hôtelier. 16 agglomérations françaises sont analysées à travers trois différentes catégories de l’hôtellerie, à savoir le super-économique, l’économique et le milieu de gamme. Un modèle DEA de type hiérarchique (Tone, 1997) est utilisé afin de tenir compte de l’hétérogénéité entre les segments et une technologie de production multi- inputs /multi- outputs est construite afin d’évaluer la performance relative du territoire touristique français. L’impact des attractions touristiques sur le niveau d’efficience du territoire est testé de façon empirique. Pour ce faire nous privilégions une approche fondée sur la régression (McDonald, 2009). Les résultats révèlent que la performance du secteur hôtelier français est expliquée par des attractions qui reposent sur des ressources naturelles (Beckendorff, 2006). Des implications et recommandations managériales sont alors proposées aux décideurs autour de l’attraction comme source de « valeur » d’un territoire touristique.
The C-Terminal Acidic Region of Calreticulin Mediates Phosphatidylserine Binding and Apoptotic Cell Phagocytosis
Authors: Wijeyesakere Sanjeeva Joseph , Bedi Sukhmani Kaur , Huynh David , Raghavan Malini 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Calreticulin is a calcium-binding chaperone that is normally localized in the endoplasmic reticulum. Calreticulin is detectable on the surface of apoptotic cells under some apoptosis-inducing conditions, where it promotes the phagocytosis and immunogenicity of dying cells. However, the precise mechanism by which calreticulin, a soluble protein, localizes to the outer surface of the plasma membrane of dying cells is unknown, as are the molecular mechanisms that are relevant to calreticulin-induced cellular phagocytosis. Calreticulin comprises three distinct structural domains: a globular domain, an extended arm-like P-domain, and a C-terminal acidic region containing multiple low-affinity calcium binding sites. We show that calreticulin, via its C-terminal acidic region, preferentially interacts with phosphatidylserine (PS) compared with other phospholipids and that this interaction is calcium dependent. Additionally, exogenous calreticulin binds apoptotic cells via a higher-affinity calcium-dependent mode that is acidic region dependent. Exogenous calreticulin also binds live cells, including macrophages, via a second, lower-affinity P-domain and globular domain–dependent, but calcium-independent binding mode that likely involves its generic polypeptide binding site. Truncation constructs lacking the acidic region or arm-like P-domain of calreticulin are impaired in their abilities to induce apoptotic cell phagocytosis by murine peritoneal macrophages. Taken together, the results of this investigation provide the first molecular insights into the phospholipid binding site of calreticulin as a key anchor point for the cell surface expression of calreticulin on apoptotic cells. These findings also support a role for calreticulin as a PS-bridging molecule that cooperates with other PS-binding factors to promote the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells.
Target Density, Not Affinity or Avidity of Antigen Recognition, Determines Adoptive T Cell Therapy Outcomes in a Mouse Lymphoma Model
Authors: Segal Gabriela , Prato Sandro , Zehn Dietmar , Mintern Justine D. , Villadangos Jose A. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) with antitumor CTL is a promising and tailored treatment against cancer. We investigated the role played by the affinity and avidity of the interaction between the tumor and the CTL on the outcome of ACT against a mouse non-Hodgkin B cell lymphoma that expresses OVA as a model neoantigen. ACT was assessed under conditions where antitumor CTL expressed TCR of varying affinity for OVA. We also assessed conditions where the avidity of Ag recognition varied because the lymphoma cells expressed high or low levels of OVA. Efficient eradication of small tumor burdens was achieved by high- or low-affinity CTL. Tumors expressing low levels of OVA could also be eliminated. However, ACT against large tumor burdens was unsuccessful, accompanied by CTL deletion and functional impairment. This negative outcome was not prevented by lowering the affinity of the CTL or the expression of OVA in the lymphoma. Thus, tumor burden, rather than CTL affinity or avidity, appears to be the main determinant of ACT outcomes in our lymphoma model. Insofar as our results can be extrapolated to the clinical setting, they imply that the range of CTL and tumor-associated Ag combinations that may be effectively harnessed in ACT against lymphoma may be wider than generally assumed. CTL expressing low-affinity TCR may be effective against lymphoma, and lowly expressed tumor-associated Ag should be considered as potential targets, but tumor reduction should always be implemented before infusion of the CTL.
Identification of Immune Effectors Essential to the Control of Primary and Secondary Intranasal Infection with Brucella melitensis in Mice
Authors: Hanot Mambres Delphine , Machelart Arnaud , Potemberg Georges , De Trez Carl , Ryffel Bernhard , Letesson Jean-Jacques , Muraille Eric 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The mucosal immune system represents the first line of defense against Brucella infection in nature. We used genetically deficient mice to identify the lymphocytes and signaling pathways implicated in the control of primary and secondary intranasal infection with B. melitensis. Our analysis of primary infection demonstrated that the effectors implicated differ at the early and late stages and are dependent on the organ. TCR-δ, TAP1, and IL-17RA deficiency specifically affects early control of Brucella in the lungs, whereas MHC class II (MHCII) and IFN-γR deficiency impairs late control in the lungs, spleen, and liver. Interestingly, IL-12p35−/− mice display enhanced Brucella growth in the spleen but not in the lungs or liver. Secondary intranasal infections are efficiently contained in the lung. In contrast to an i.p. infectious model, in which IL-12p35, MHCII, and B cells are strictly required for the control of secondary infection, we observed that only TCR-β deficiency or simultaneous neutralization of IL-12p35– and IL-17A–dependent pathways impairs the memory protective response against a secondary intranasal infection. Protection is not affected by TCR-δ, MHCII, TAP1, B cell, IL-17RA, or IL-12p35 deficiency, suggesting that CD4+ and CD8+ α/β+ T cells are sufficient to mount a protective immune response and that an IL-17A–mediated response can compensate for the partial deficiency of an IFN-γ–mediated response to control a Brucella challenge. These findings demonstrate that the nature of the protective memory response depends closely on the route of infection and highlights the role of IFN-γ–and IL-17RA–mediated responses in the control of mucosal infection by Brucella.
Maternal Antibiotic Treatment Impacts Development of the Neonatal Intestinal Microbiome and Antiviral Immunity
Authors: Gonzalez-Perez Gabriela , Hicks Allison L. , Tekieli Tessa M. , Radens Caleb M. , Williams Brent L. , Lamousé-Smith Esi S. N. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Microbial colonization of the infant gastrointestinal tract (GIT) begins at birth, is shaped by the maternal microbiota, and is profoundly altered by antibiotic treatment. Antibiotic treatment of mothers during pregnancy influences colonization of the GIT microbiota of their infants. The role of the GIT microbiota in regulating adaptive immune function against systemic viral infections during infancy remains undefined. We used a mouse model of perinatal antibiotic exposure to examine the effect of GIT microbial dysbiosis on infant CD8+ T cell–mediated antiviral immunity. Maternal antibiotic treatment/treated (MAT) during pregnancy and lactation resulted in profound alterations in the composition of the GIT microbiota in mothers and infants. Streptococcus spp. dominated the GIT microbiota of MAT mothers, whereas Enterococcus faecalis predominated within the MAT infant GIT. MAT infant mice subsequently exhibited increased and accelerated mortality following vaccinia virus infection. Ag-specific IFN-γ–producing CD8+ T cells were reduced in sublethally infected MAT infant mice. MAT CD8+ T cells from uninfected infant mice also demonstrated a reduced capacity to sustain IFN-γ production following in vitro activation. We additionally determined that control infant mice became more susceptible to infection if they were born in an animal facility using stricter standards of hygiene. These data indicate that undisturbed colonization and progression of the GIT microbiota during infancy are necessary to promote robust adaptive antiviral immune responses.