bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conversion of Churches into Mosques in the Early Ottoman Historiography (XVth Century). A Selective Evaluation of Sources
Authors: Gheorghe Adrian 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The present study proposes a relativization of the concept of tolerance by the Ottoman in the early classical period. The research method leaves from the premise according to which the historiographical productions reveal the „taste“, expectations and thus the recipient public’s ideals and attitudes. The rise of Ottoman historiography coincides with the state’s proclamation as a great power. The study analyses the chronicles till the reign of Bayezid II and discusses only historical synthesis of this period. This is the time of searches and synthetization of ideological arguments and also a time in which different groups tried to impose themselves as great contributors. The quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the early ottoman sources confirms an aggressive line against the churches, but she does not impose herself as dominant.
Die Entscheidungsvergessenheit der Organisationsforschung. Plädoyer für eine operative Entscheidungsforschung
Authors: Groddeck Victoria von , Siri Jasmin , Mayr Katharina 
Published: September 2016

ZusammenfassungIn der Organisationsforschung verliert der Entscheidungsbegriff zunehmend an Bedeutung. Durch die Betonung von Praxisgebundenheit und irrationalen Eigenlogiken gerät das spezifisch Organisationsförmige zugunsten situativer Analysen aus dem Blick. Dagegen versucht dieser Artikel, den Entscheidungsbegriff zu revitalisieren und argumentiert, dass eine operative Lesart der Luhmannschen Organisationstheorie das Potential birgt, sowohl praktischen Ordnungsaufbau zu beobachten, als auch zeigen zu können, dass und wie das Organisationsförmige durch eine operative Bezugnahme auf Entscheidungen entsteht. Illustriert wird diese Herangehensweise anhand eines Vergleichs dreier Studien zu unterschiedlichen Organisationstypen (Parteien, Krankenhäusern, Unternehmen), der die Entfaltung von Entscheidungsparadoxien als ein praktisch zu bewältigendes Problem wertet, welches anhand verschiedener Strategien empirisch gelöst wird.
Medien managerialer Entscheidung: Decision-making „at a glance“
Authors: Hoof Florian 
Published: September 2016

ZusammenfassungWie die Figur des „Entscheidens“ zu einer selbstverständlichen Grundkonstante des Management werden konnte, verfolgt dieser Artikel im Rahmen einer Fallstudie zum „decision-making at a glance“, einer Entscheidungskonfiguration, die sich zwischen 1880 und 1930 herausbildet. Die Fallstudie dient darüberhinaus dazu, ein Theoriedesign zu entwickeln, das beschreibt, wie sich bestehende Organisationsstrukturen und -praxis einerseits durch Neuerungen im Bereich der Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien, der Organisations- und Managementtheorie und andererseits durch eine veränderte Selbstbeobachtung ihrer eigenen Entscheidungsstrukturen verändern. Der Forschungsrahmen fokussiert auf die dabei involvierten Medien managerialer Entscheidungen und perspektiviert sie als Systeme der Selbstbeobachtung industrieller Organisationen. Diese erlauben es dem Management, die sie umgebende Unsicherheit zu markieren, sie so in ein berechenbares Risiko umzuwandeln und anschließend als produktive Ressource für Entscheidungsakte zu operationalisieren. Diese Entwicklungsdynamiken werden in Anlehnung an Ansätze der Wahrnehmungspsychologie Fritz Heiders und der „infrastructural studies“ zu einem Phasenmodell abstrahiert, das als Heuristik für die Untersuchung längerfristiger Entwicklungen in wirtschaftlichen Organisationsformen unter einer „soziomateriellen“ Perspektive dient.
Joint Risk Design in Swiss Middle-Sized Service Companies: Frameworks and Management Practices
Authors: Meissner Jens O. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractToday’s social reality will doubtless alter the risk management practices of organizations of all kinds. Whereas large companies and public institutions serve as role models and have the resources to apply standards or develop and set them by themselves, mid-sized businesses usually do not have this possibility. Instead, they apply management practices that base on existing management routines and their typical organizational characteristics. But how do these practices look like? And what is the semantic program that is performed by the organization to manage the risks? This empirical paper contains the analysis of typical risk management practices in mid-sized service companies in Switzerland. The study relies on open, qualitative interviews with top level decision-makers resulting in the description of the characteristics of six companies. The analysis shows that these firms mainly focus on project risk management, and combine it with a strong focus on business speed and agility, the smart combination of their talent pool in teams, the application of a non-bureaucratic governance style and a conscious acceptance of a high degree of intuition in management decisions. This research contributes to a better understanding of the risk design of mid-sized business organizations as very important societal units in splitting, pooling, distributing and addressing their risks.
A Changing Face of Mainstream Economics? Agentenbasierte Modellierungen in der Makroökonomik
Authors: Pahl Hanno 
Published: September 2016

ZusammenfassungDie Soziologie ökonomischen Wissens und der Wirtschaftswissenschaften stellte lange Zeit ein vernachlässigtes Forschungsfeld dar, das erst in der jüngeren Vergangenheit deutlichere Konturen angenommen hat. Der vorliegende Text versteht sich als Beitrag zu diesem Forschungsfeld und präsentiert eine Fallstudie zur modernen Makroökonomik. Wie verlaufen Prozesse von Wissenschaftswandel in einer Disziplin, die sowohl durch einen starken Einbezug in politische Steuerungskontexte als auch durch eine Fokussierung auf mathematische Modellierung gekennzeichnet ist? Durch Rekurs auf Experteninterviews mit Ökonomen sowie auf einschlägige Literatur werden Durchsetzungschancen und -hindernisse eines alternativen Modellierungs- bzw. Simulationsparadigmas (agentenbasierte Modellierung) ausgelotet. Agentenbasierte Modellierung setzt den in der modernen Makroökonomik ubiquitären Bezug auf die Walrasianische Allgemeine Gleichgewichtstheorie (und ihre diversen Fortentwicklungen, wie die Theorie rationaler Erwartungen) kontingent und konfrontiert makroökonomisches Denken mit ungewöhnlichen Formen von Komplexität.
A double clustering algorithm for financial time series based on extreme events
Authors: De Luca Giovanni , Zuccolotto Paola 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
This paper is concerned with a procedure for financial time series clustering, aimed at creating groups of time series
characterized by similar behavior with regard to extreme events.
The core of our proposal is a double clustering procedure: the former is based on the lower tail dependence of all the possible pairs of time series, the latter on the upper tail dependence. Tail dependence coefficients are estimated with copula functions.
The final goal is to exploit the two clustering solutions in an algorithm designed to create a portfolio
that maximizes the probability of joint positive extreme returns while minimizing the risk of joint negative extreme
returns. In financial crisis scenarios, such a portfolio is expected to outperform
portfolios generated by the traditional methods.
We describe the results of a simulation study and, finally, we apply the procedure to a dataset composed of the 50 assets included in the EUROSTOXX index.
High fibrosis indices in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with shunt-dependent post-traumatic chronic hydrocephalus
Authors: Hao Xu , Junwen Wang , Jiaqing Li , Ran Li , Zhuo Zhang , Yimin Huang , Wei Jiao , Wei Sun , Ting Lei 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Objective
A possible relationship between fibrosis along the route of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow and the subsequent development of hydrocephalus has been indicated in previous studies. These changes in the fibrosis index may reflect the severity of hydrocephalus and could potentially become a diagnostic tool. The object of this study was to analyze the levels of procollagen type I C-terminal propeptide (PICP), procollagen type III N-terminal propeptide (PIIINP), hyaluronic acid (HA), and laminin (LN) in the CSF of patients with post-traumatic hydrocephalus and determine the significance of their presence.

Subjects and methods
Forty-four patients were included in the study: 24 patients with shunt-dependent post-traumatic hydrocephalus (group A - hydrocephalus group); ten brain trauma patients without any sign of hydrocephalus (group B - trauma group); ten patients without brain trauma and hydrocephalus (group C - normal control group). CSF levels of PICP, PIIINP, HA, LN and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results
Levels of PICP, PIIINP, HA, and LN in the group of hydrocephalus patients were significantly higher than those in the post-trauma patients without hydrocephalus (p < 0.05) and normal control patients (p < 0.05). Moreover, the increased levels of PICP, PIIINP, HA, and LN were positively correlated with the level of TGF-β1 (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
We demonstrated an increase of fibrosis factors including PICP, PIIINP, HA, and LN, that was positively correlated with TGF-β1 levels. This indicates an important role for the process of fibrosis in the development of post-traumatic chronic hydrocephalus and shows the potential utility of PICP, PIIINP, HA, and LN as a diagnostic index in shunt-dependent post-traumatic chronic hydrocephalus.
What does it take to be a copula?
Authors: Dalmi Gréte 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis paper argues that copular sentences without an overt copular predicate do project a VP with a phonologically null head, hence so-called “verbless” copular sentences are illusory. Data from Standard Arabic, Spanish, Maltese, Russian, Jamaican Creole, Finnish and Hungarian copular sentences are used to support this claim. It is also claimed here that variation between the habitual property vs.ad hocproperty interpretations (traditionally called the individual level vs. stage level distinction) of non-verbal predicates found in copular sentences is closely related to the choice of the copula in multiple BE-system languages. Whilst the current accounts explain this variation by introducing an abstract aspectual operator or an incorporated abstract preposition in the functional layer of the copular predicate, the present proposal derives these interpretive differences from the presence or absence of an OPaltalternative state operator, which can bind the temporal variable of non-verbal predicates in two ways.Negation and temporal adverbials show scope ambiguity in copular sentences. They either take scope over the whole proposition or only over the non-verbal predicate. Such interpretive differences are demonstrated in Russian and Hungarian in Section 4 of this paper, however, they are taken to be valid cross-linguistically. These amibiguities cannot be explained under the “verbless copular sentence” account but fall out naturally from the “zero copula” analysis.The “alternative state” approach can be extended to dream narratives and other nonveridical contexts, which serve as alternative triggers. The existing analyses have nothing to say about such contexts.
Man of the Land: Unearthing the Original Noah
Authors: Dershowitz Idan 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe original biblical Noah was not affiliated with the Flood. An early edition of J told of a devastating famine that afflicted the entire earth from the days of Adam and Eve until it was brought to an end on account of Noah. The Proto-J narrative was supplemented with a version of the popular Babylonian Flood story, ironically transforming a story of drought into a tale of torrential rain. It is this Noah who is referenced in Ezekiel and Deutero-Isaiah – not the familiar Flood hero.
Josephs zweiter Traum
Authors: Schmid Konrad 
Published: September 2016

AbstractJoseph’s second dream (Gen 37,9) does not merely duplicate his first one, but presents Joseph as a presumptuous dreamer, who is venerated even by the sun, the moon, and the stars. This gesture is otherwise reserved for God alone. The second dream serves as an exposition of a narrative thread in the Joseph Story regarding Joseph’s character development, a narrative thread that ends in Gen 50,19 where he explicitly distinguishes between himself and God.
Zechariah 1,3a, Zechariah’s introduction, and the Former Prophets
Authors: Seufert Matthew 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThere is a tension caused by the incompatibility of the syntax and context of Zechariah 1,3a. This article proposes that an allusion to the earlier prophetic stream eases that tension. Further, it examines Zechariah’s method of allusion in this verse, based upon the allusive character of the surrounding introductory verses (1,1–6).
The Lexical Enigma of מָנוֹן and the Problem of Dating the Hezekian Collection
Authors: Samet Nili 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA survey of the Hezekian collection points to seven proverbs (including Prov 29,21) which show clear signs of LBH, and two proverbs which require further study. These 7−9 late proverbs comprise approximately 5−7 % of the total 137 proverbs included in the Hezekian collection. The remaining proverbs, by contrast, do not reflect a late date. The conclusion presented in the article is, that the Hezekiah’s men were by no means the last editors of this collection.
An essential step of kinetochore formation controlled by the SNARE protein Snap29
Authors: Morelli Elena , Mastrodonato Valeria , Beznoussenko Galina V , Mironov Alexandre A , Tognon Emiliana , Vaccari Thomas 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe kinetochore is an essential structure that mediates accurate chromosome segregation in mitosis and meiosis. While many of the kinetochore components have been identified, the mechanisms of kinetochore assembly remain elusive. Here, we identify a novel role for Snap29, an unconventional SNARE, in promoting kinetochore assembly during mitosis in Drosophila and human cells. Snap29 localizes to the outer kinetochore and prevents chromosome mis‐segregation and the formation of cells with fragmented nuclei. Snap29 promotes accurate chromosome segregation by mediating the recruitment of Knl1 at the kinetochore and ensuring stable microtubule attachments. Correct Knl1 localization to kinetochore requires human or Drosophila Snap29, and is prevented by a Snap29 point mutant that blocks Snap29 release from SNARE fusion complexes. Such mutant causes ectopic Knl1 recruitment to trafficking compartments. We propose that part of the outer kinetochore is functionally similar to membrane fusion interfaces.
Steric hindrance of SNARE transmembrane domain organization impairs the hemifusion‐to‐fusion transition
Authors: D'Agostino Massimo , Risselada Herre Jelger , Mayer Andreas 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSNAREs fuse membranes in several steps. Trans‐SNARE complexes juxtapose membranes, induce hemifused stalk structures, and open the fusion pore. A recent penetration model of fusion proposed that SNAREs force the hydrophilic C‐termini of their transmembrane domains through the hydrophobic core of the membrane(s). In contrast, the indentation model suggests that the C‐termini open the pore by locally compressing and deforming the stalk. Here we test these models in the context of yeast vacuole fusion. Addition of small hydrophilic tags renders bilayer penetration by the C‐termini energetically unlikely. It preserves fusion activity, however, arguing against the penetration model. Addition of large protein tags to the C‐termini permits SNARE activation, trans‐SNARE pairing, and hemifusion but abolishes pore opening. Fusion proceeds if the tags are detached from the membrane by a hydrophilic spacer or if only one side of the trans‐SNARE complex carries a protein tag. Thus, both sides of a trans‐SNARE complex can drive pore opening. Our results are consistent with an indentation model in which multiple SNARE C‐termini cooperate in opening the fusion pore by locally deforming the inner leaflets.
Early detection of biochemically occult autonomous thyroid nodules
Authors: Brusca N , Virili C , Cellini M , Capriello S , Gargano L , Salvatori R , Centanni M , Santaguida M G 
Published: September 2016

Objective
Autonomously functioning thyroid areas may be associated with subclinical or overt hyperthyroidism, but may exist even in the presence of normal TSH. This study was aimed at comparing the rate of autonomously functioning areas and their cardiac sequelae in patients with nodular goitre studied with the usual and a novel approach.

Design and methods
In total 490 adult outpatients with thyroid nodular goitre, living in a mild iodine-deficient area, were selected in our referral centre for thyroid diseases from 2009 to 2014 on the basis of a suspicion of thyroid functional autonomy. They were divided in three groups according to a non-conventional approach (excessive response to thyroxine treatment: group 1) or conventional approach (low/normal TSH with clinical suspicion or low TSH: groups 2 and 3). All patients of the study with the suspicion of thyroid functional autonomy underwent thyroid scan with radioactive iodine (I131) uptake (RAIU).

Results
The percentage of confirmed thyroid functional autonomy was 319/490, being significantly higher in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2 (81.5 vs 64.7 vs 52.6%; chi-square P < 0.0001). However, the diagnosis with non-conventional approach was made at a significant earlier age (P < 0.0001). Cardiac arrhythmias as well as atrial fibrillation were similarly detected by conventional and non-conventional approaches (chi-square test: P = 0.2537; P = 0.8425).

Conclusions
The hyper-responsiveness to thyroxine treatment should induce the suspicion of thyroid functional autonomy at an early stage, allowing to detect autonomous functioning areas in apparently euthyroid patients.
Effect of the height of the greenhouse on the plant - climate relationship as a development parameter in mint (Mentha Spicata) crops in Colombia
Authors: Bustamante Valencia Nelson , Acuña Caita John Fabio , Valera Martínez Diego Luis 
Published: September 2016

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of the height of the greenhouse on climatic conditions generated on a mint crop (Mentha spicata). The tests were conducted in the town of Carmen de Viboral, 40 minutes away from the city of Medellin (6º 05’ 09” N and 75º 20’ 19” W, 2150 m.a.s.l.). Three greenhouses with the same dimensions were used, changing only the gutter height in 2 m, 2,5 m and 3 m respectively. Temperature and relative humidity measurements were taken every 30 minutes for 3 years, time during which crop production was assessed. Statistical analyses were performed to determine climatic variations caused by the difference in height between the greenhouses, and to determine differences in production levels. The results indicate that, under the study conditions, the greenhouse height directly affects the weather conditions and the mint crop yields.
Interacciones moleculares de las soluciones acuosas diluidas de nitrato de sodio a partir de datos viscosimétricos
Authors: Páez Manuel S. , Pérez Dairo E. , Julio Oscar L. 
Published: September 2016

Se determinaron experimentalmente los tiempos de flujo de soluciones a NO3 + H2O en el intervalo de concentración molal 0,0000-0,9996 (mol/kg). Se usó un microviscosímetro automático Anton Paar®, modelo AMVn, a temperaturas desde 283,15 K hasta 318,15 K cada 5 K y presión atmosférica de 0,101 MPa. A partir de los datos obtenidos, se calcularon las viscosidades dinámicas (), los coeficientes de viscosidad, y de la ecuación de Jones-Dole, y los parámetros de activación del flujo viscoso (, y ) a dilución infinita. Los coeficientes resultaron positivos al igual que . De acuerdo con el análisis del signo de este último, el NaNO3 actúa como un soluto formador de la estructura del agua. Por otro lado, los parámetros de activación del flujo viscoso a dilución infinita (,y) revelaron que el proceso de flujo viscoso es endotérmico con un claro predominio de las interacciones ión-solvente.
Effect of different 1-methylcyclopropene doses on the postharvest period of pitahaya fruits (Selenicereus megalanthus Haw.)
Authors: Álvarez-Herrera Javier Giovanni , Deaquiz Yuli Alexandra , Herrera Anibal O. 
Published: September 2016

Colombia is one of the leading producers of yellow dragon fruit, but exports of this fruit is low when compared to the domestic production because most do not meet the requirements of international markets in terms of quality and preservation. As a result, this study aimed to determine the effect of the application of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the preservation and quality of dragon fruit, given that it has been effective in the conservation and postharvest quality of many agricultural species allowing longer life, using a completely randomized experiment design with three treatments: 0, 300 and 600 mg L-1 of 1-MCP, with four replications. The 600 mg L-1 of 1-MCP dose was able to maintain the quality of the dragon fruit longer (28 days after harvest (dah)) because it managed to reduce the respiratory rate. The application of 1-MCP did not affect the firmness, loss of mass, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity, or total carotenoids in the fruits. The application of 1-MCP slowed the loss of fruit quality in terms of color because the 600 mg L-1 dose maintained the lightness of the fruits longer, reduced the color changes as expressed in a* and b* values and decreased the chlorophyll degradation.
Effect of pasteurization and starter cultures on physicochemical and microbiological properties of costeño cheese
Authors: Serpa José G. , Pérez Tulia I. , Hernández Elvis J. 
Published: September 2016

The effect of pasteurization and starter cultures on physicochemical, microbiological and sensorial characteristics of costeño cheese was determined. A completely randomized design was conducted, three treatments (T) and three replicates: Treatment 1 (T1): cheese manufactured with pasteurized milk without starter cultures, Treatment 2 (T2): cheese manufactured with pasteurized milk with Lactococcus lactis and Lactococcus cremoris (1:1) and Treatment 3 (T3): cheese manufactured with pasteurized milk with Lactococcus lactis, Lactococcus cremoris and Streptococcus thermophillus(0.5:0.5:1). Treatments were compared to a control sample that was prepared with raw milk without starter cultures. Concentration of 1.5% (v/v) of culture was used in relation to the amount of used milk in each treatment. Moisture content was higher in all treatments compared to the control and protein and fat content were significantly lower. Acidity was significantly higher in samples from T2 y T3 compared to T1 and control, due to the metabolism of starter cultures. Total coliforms, yeast and mold counts showed a significant reduction due to pasteurization process in all treatments. Regarding sensorial analysis, hedonic test showed a greater preference in cheese manufactured with T2 (P<0.05). There were no significant preferences between T1, T3 and control. Additionally, yield was significantly higher with T1 (22%) and T3 (23%) compared to control.