bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rank acquisition in rhesus macaque yearlings following permanent maternal separation: The importance of the social and physical environment
Authors: Wooddell Lauren J. , Kaburu Stefano S.K. , Murphy Ashley M. , Suomi Stephen J. , Dettmer Amanda M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractRank acquisition is a developmental milestone for young primates, but the processes by which primate yearlings attain social rank in the absence of the mother remain unclear. We studied 18 maternally reared yearling rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) that differed in their social and physical rearing environments. We found that early social experience and maternal rank, but not individual traits (weight, sex, age), predicted dominance acquisition in the new peer‐only social group. Yearlings also used coalitions to reinforce the hierarchy, and social affiliation (play and grooming) was likely a product, rather than a determinant, of rank acquisition. Following relocation to a familiar environment, significant rank changes occurred indicating that familiarity with a physical environment was salient in rank acquisition. Our results add to the growing body of literature emphasizing the role of the social and physical environment on behavioral development, namely social asymmetries among peers.
“Show me which parasites you carry and I will tell you what you eat”, or how to infer the trophic behavior of hematophagous arthropods feeding on wildlife
Authors: Makanga Boris , Costantini Carlo , Rahola Nil , Yangari Patrick , Rougeron Virginie , Ayala Diego , Prugnolle Franck , Paupy Christophe 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMost emerging infectious diseases are zoonoses originating from wildlife among which vector‐borne diseases constitute a major risk for global human health. Understanding the transmission routes of mosquito‐borne pathogens in wildlife crucially depends on recording mosquito blood‐feeding patterns. During an extensive longitudinal survey to study sylvatic anophelines in two wildlife reserves in Gabon, we collected 2,415 mosquitoes of which only 0.3% were blood‐fed. The molecular analysis of the blood meals contained in guts indicated that all the engorged mosquitoes fed on wild ungulates. This direct approach gave only limited insights into the trophic behavior of the captured mosquitoes. Therefore, we developed a complementary indirect approach that exploits the occurrence of natural infections by host‐specific haemosporidian parasites to infer Anopheles trophic behavior. This method showed that 74 infected individuals carried parasites of great apes (58%), ungulates (30%), rodents (11%) and bats (1%). Accordingly, on the basis of haemosporidian host specificity, we could infer different feeding patterns. Some mosquito species had a restricted host range (An. nili only fed on rodents, whereas An. carnevalei, An. coustani, An. obscurus, and An. paludis only fed on wild ungulates). Other species had a wider host range (An. gabonensis could feed on rodents and wild ungulates, whereas An. moucheti and An. vinckei bit rodents, wild ungulates and great apes). An. marshallii was the species with the largest host range (rodents, wild ungulates, great apes, and bats). The indirect method substantially increased the information that could be extracted from the sample by providing details about host‐feeding patterns of all the mosquito species collected (both fed and unfed). Molecular sequences of hematophagous arthropods and their parasites will be increasingly available in the future; exploitation of such data with the approach we propose here should provide key insights into the feeding patterns of vectors and the ecology of vector‐borne diseases.
Minimally manipulated murine regulatory T cells purified by reversible Fab Multimers are potent suppressors for adoptive T‐cell therapy
Authors: Mohr Fabian , Fischer Julius Clemens , Nikolaus Marc , Stemberger Christian , Dreher Stefan , Verschoor Admar , Haas Tobias , Poeck Hendrik , Busch Dirk H. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe transfer of regulatory T cells, either freshly isolated, or modified, represents a promising therapeutic approach to dampen misdirected immune responses, like autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory syndromes and graft versus host disease. Clinical isolation of highly pure regulatory T cell (Treg) populations is still challenging and labeling reagents can influence their viability and functionality, potentially altering the potency of isolated Treg cell products. Here we show that reversible Fab multimer‐based Treg purification can prevent conventional antibody label‐induced interferences in vitro and in vivo. Remaining isolation reagents negatively interfere with Treg engraftment efficacy in C57BL/6 wild‐type mice due to Fcγ‐receptor‐ as well as IL‐2 receptor‐mediated mechanisms. Using a preclinical model for acute GvHD, we further show that purified ‘label‐freed’ Tregs are protective at substantially lower cell numbers as compared to conventional nonreversible antibody staining, translating into significantly improved survival of mice treated with minimally manipulated Tregs. These findings have important clinical relevance for future Treg‐based cell therapies.
Development of an Improved Method to Determine Saturated Aliphatic Aldehydes in Docosahexaenoic Acid‐Rich Oil: A Supplement to p‐Anisidine Value
Authors: Zuo Wenlu , Hu Xuechao , Yang Yaqiong , Jiang Ling , Ren Lujing , Huang He 
Published: August 2017

p‐Anisidine value (AV) is an important and commonly used index to determine the second oxidation statue of edible oils, but it sometimes cannot reflect the concentrations of all the secondary products, such as saturated aldehydes. An improved method for the determination of saturated aliphatic aldehydes (SAA) in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)‐rich oils is developed in this study. This method reduces the aldehyde 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazone adducts (DNPhydrazones) using 2‐picoline borane, which can eliminate the analytical error caused by the isomerism of DNPhydrazone derivatives. The changes of SAA content during the oxidation of DHA‐rich oil is subsequently monitored. Acetaldehyde (168.8 µmol kg−1) and propionaldehyde (78.5 µmol kg−1) are the two main SAAs in fresh oil, and their concentrations increase to 824.8–811.9 µmol kg−1, respectively, after oxidation for 50 h at 80 °C. Furthermore, a Michael addition reaction is found to significantly reduce the AV of oxidized oils, from 172.5 to 11.7. Moreover, the concentration of SAAs shows no significant difference and could clearly identify the low‐quality oil. These results demonstrate that SAA content might be a potential index to identify oxidized oils, which could provide a good supplementary value to the traditional AV index. Practical Applications: The method that has been developed in this study makes it possible to quantify saturated aliphatic aldehydes as markers of oxidation of oils, especially when the panisidine value (AV) cannot correctly assess the levels of secondary products. It could serve as a supplement to the AV index and could be applied to oils, fats, and food products. This work provides quantitative data regarding the amounts of saturated aliphatic aldehydes that can be present in DHA‐rich oils during the oxidation process.An improved method for determinig saturated aliphatic aldehydes (SAA) in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)‐rich oils is developed. The changes of SAA content during the oxidation of DHA‐rich oil is monitored. Furthermore, a Michael addition reaction is found to significantly reduce the AV of oxidized oils, from 172.5 to 11.7. The concentration of SAAs does not display significant differences and can clearly identify the low‐quality oil. These results demonstrate that the SAA content might be a potential index to identify oxidized oils, which could serve as a good supplement to the AV index.
Stable ultrathin surfactant‐free surface‐engineered silicon nanocrystal solar cells deposited at room temperature
Authors: Švrček Vladimir , McDonald Calum , Lozac'h Mickael , Tayagaki Takeshi , Koganezawa Tomoyuki , Miyadera Tetsuhiko , Mariotti Davide , Matsubara Koji 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe present a scalable technology at room temperature for the fabrication of ultrathin films based on surfactant‐free surface‐engineered silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs). Environmentally friendly pulsed fsec laser induced surface engineering of SiNCs and vacuum low‐angle spray deposition is used to produce ultrathin films. Surface engineering of SiNCs improved stability and dispersibility of SiNCs by allowing thin (30 nm thickness) and exceptionally smooth (mean square roughness corresponds to 0.32 nm) film deposition at room temperature. The quality of the SiNC thin films is confirmed by ultrafast photoluminescence measurements and by applying such films for solar cells. We demonstrate that films produced with this approach yield good and stable devices. The methodology developed here is highly relevant for a very wide range of applications where the formation of high‐quality ultrathin films of quantum dots with controllable thickness and smoothness is required.
CloudAware: Empowering context‐aware self‐adaptation for mobile applications
Authors: Orsini Gabriel , Bade Dirk , Lamersdorf Winfried 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMobile devices are already woven into our everyday life, and we became accustomed that mobile applications assist us in a multitude of daily activities. With the rise of the Internet of Things, new opportunities to further automatize tedious tasks open up. New functional and user experience requirements demand for further resources and new ways to acquire these, because mobile devices remain comparatively limited in terms of, eg, computation, storage, and battery life. To face these challenges, current approaches augment mobile applications either with cloud resources (mobile cloud computing) or with resources near the mobile device at the logical edge of the network (mobile edge computing) onto which tasks can be offloaded during runtime. However, this does not automatically solve the conflict between resource demands and good user experience, as current solutions prove. It is the dynamically changing context that makes for good or bad offloading strategies. In this paper, we corroborate this finding by first evaluating 40 existing solutions based on a requirements catalogue derived from several application scenarios as well as the International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission criteria for software quality. Afterward, we present CloudAware, which is a mobile cloud computing/mobile edge computing middleware that supports automated context‐aware self‐adaptation techniques that ease the development of elastic, scalable, and context‐adaptive mobile applications. Moreover, we present a qualitative evaluation of our concepts and quantitatively evaluate different offloading scenarios using real usage data to prove that mobile applications indeed benefit from context‐aware self‐adaptation techniques. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of open challenges.
Optimization of multiband cooperative spectrum sensing with particle swarm optimization
Authors: Hei Yongqiang , Wei Ran , Li Wentao , Zhang Cong , Li Xiaohui 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this paper, the multiband linear cooperative spectrum sensing optimization problem related to weight coefficient, decision threshold, and sensing time is investigated to maximize the aggregated opportunistic throughput under the constraints of the aggregate interference, the subband interference, and the subband utilization. Theoretical analysis is carried out to investigate the effects of the interference, the sensing time, and the decision threshold on the throughput. Due to the nonconvex characteristic of the optimization problem, a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm integrated with the golden section search (GSS) method (PSO‐GSS) is proposed. Simulation results show that the PSO‐GSS has a powerful searching ability and yields a 16.0%, 15.8%, and 1.23% increase in the aggregate throughput when compared with artificial bee colony, genetic algorithm, and particle swarm optimization, respectively. Moreover, PSO‐GSS has a rapid convergence with only 15 iterations in reaching the maximum aggregate throughput, which is much less than the 80 iterations required by PSO. Additionally, with the PSO‐GSS, the optimal sensing time is around 6 ms, and it is almost insensitive to the number of subchannels. Due to these advantages, it can provide a benchmark function for the other existing methods when dealing with the cooperative spectrum sensing problem.
An assessment of different user–BS association policies for green HetNets in off‐grid environments
Authors: Fletscher Luis A. , Maestre José M. , Valencia Peroni Catalina 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPrevious research has shown the relationship between the number of users connected to a cellular network base station (BS) and its energy consumption. For this reason, the study of optimal mechanisms that balance the load of users over the available BSs is a key element in the field of energy efficiency in cellular networks. The target of this paper is to propose and assess different user–BS association mechanisms to reduce grid consumption in heterogeneous cellular networks powered by hybrid energy sources (grid and renewable energy). These schemes are compared with the traditional best‐signal‐level mechanism and evaluated via simulation by using key performance indicators related to grid consumption, number of users served, and average transmission rate per user. Our results show that the new proposed user allocation policies improve grid electricity consumption while reducing unserved users compared with the traditional association scheme.
Fluid‐structure coupling of linear elastic model with compressible flow models
Authors: Herty Michael , Müller Siegfried , Gerhard Nils , Xiang Gaoming , Wang Bing 
Published: August 2017

SummaryCavitation erosion is caused in solids exposed to strong pressure waves developing in an adjacent fluid field. The knowledge of the transient distribution of stresses in the solid is important to understand the cause of damaging by comparisons with breaking points of the material. The modeling of this problem requires the coupling of the models for the fluid and the solid. For this purpose, we use a strategy based on the solution of coupled Riemann problems that has been originally developed for the coupling of 2 fluids. This concept is exemplified for the coupling of a linear elastic structure with an ideal gas. The coupling procedure relies on the solution of a nonlinear equation. Existence and uniqueness of the solution is proven. The coupling conditions are validated by means of quasi‐1D problems for which an explicit solution can be determined. For a more realistic scenario, a 2D application is considered where in a compressible single fluid, a hot gas bubble at low pressure collapses in a cold gas at high pressure near an adjacent structure.
Short‐term side effects and attitudes towards second donation: A comparison of related and unrelated haematopoietic stem cell donors
Authors: Pahnke Simon , Larfors Gunnar , Axdorph‐Nygell Ulla , Fischer‐Nielsen Anne , Haastrup Eva , Heldal Dag , Itälä‐Remes Maija , Johansson Jan‐Erik , Kauppila Marjut , Lenhoff Stig , Ljungman Per , Niittyvuopio Riita , Sandstedt Anna , Hägglund Hans 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe Nordic Register of Haematopoietic Stem Cell Donors (NRHSD) has registered related and unrelated donors from 10 transplant centres in Sweden, Norway, Finland and Denmark since 1998. We present a prospective, observational study of 1,957 donors, focusing mainly on the differences between related and unrelated donors. Related donors are reported to have more comorbidities, but similar side effects compared with unrelated donors. Side effects after BM or PBSC donation are generally of short duration and in this study no deaths, myocardial infarctions, splenic ruptures, or thromboembolic events are reported. Interestingly, related donors express more hesitancy towards donating again when asked 1 month after donation.
Estimation of the Power of the Food Effect on QTc to Show Assay Sensitivity
Authors: Ferber Georg , Fernandes Sara , Täubel Jörg 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe most recent International Conference on Harmonisation E14 Q&A document states that a separate positive control would not be necessary provided sufficiently high exposures are achieved in the early‐phase studies. Realistically, a phase 1 study is unlikely to include a pharmacological positive control, and in cases in which plasma levels of the drug exceeding therapeutic levels are not achieved, the lack of a positive control can constitute a limitation when excluding an effect of regulatory concern. It has been proposed to use the effect of a standardized meal on the estimate of the diurnal time course of QTc to show assay sensitivity. We conducted simulations by subsampling subjects from a 3 different studies and could show that the effect on food on QTc can be reliably prove assay sensitivity for sample sizes as low as 3 × 6 subjects with a power greater than 80%.
Synthesis and evaluation of novel 18F‐labeled quinazoline derivatives with low lipophilicity for tumor PET imaging
Authors: Chong Yan , Chang Jin , Zhao Wenwen , He Yong , Li Yuqiao , Zhang Huabei , Qi Chuanmin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFour novel 18F‐labeled quinazoline derivatives with low lipophilicity, [18F]4‐(2‐fluoroethoxy)‐6,7‐dimethoxyquinazoline ([18F]I), [18F]4‐(3‐((4‐(2‐fluoroethoxy)‐7‐methoxyquinazolin‐6‐yl)oxy)propyl)morpholine ([18F]II), [18F]4‐(2‐fluoroethoxy)‐7‐methoxy‐6‐(2‐methoxyethoxy)quinazoline ([18F]III), and [18F]4‐(2‐fluoroethoxy)‐6,7‐bis(2‐methoxyethoxy)quinazoline ([18F]IV), were synthesized via a 2‐step radiosynthesis procedure with an overall radiochemical yield of 10% to 38% (without decay correction) and radiochemical purities of >98%. The lipophilicity and stability of labeled compounds were tested in vitro. The log P values of the 4 radiotracers ranged from 0.52 to 1.07. We then performed ELISA to measure their affinities to EGFR‐TK; ELISA assay results indicated that each inhibitor was specifically bounded to EGFR‐TK in a dose‐dependent manner. The EGFR‐TK autophosphorylation IC50 values of [18F]I, [18F]II, [18F]III, and [18F]IV were 7.732, 0.4698, 0.1174, and 0.1176 μM, respectively. All labeled compounds were evaluated via cellular uptake and blocking studies in HepG2 cell lines in vitro. Cellular uptake and blocking experiment results indicated that [18F]I and [18F]III had excellent cellular uptake at 120‐minute postinjection in HepG2 carcinoma cells (51.80 ± 3.42%ID/mg protein and 27.31 ± 1.94%ID/mg protein, respectively). Additionally, biodistribution experiments in S180 tumor‐bearing mice in vivo indicated that [18F]I had a very fast clearance in blood and a relatively high uptake ratio of tumor to blood (4.76) and tumor to muscle (1.82) at 60‐minute postinjection. [18F]III had a quick clearance in plasma, and its highest uptake ratio of tumor to muscle was 2.55 at 15‐minute postinjection. These experimental results and experiences were valuable for the further exploration of novel radiotracers of quinazoline derivatives.
Independently assessing the representation of midlatitude cyclones in high‐resolution reanalyses using satellite observed winds
Authors: Pepler Acacia S. , Di Luca Alejandro , Evans Jason P. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTHigh‐resolution reanalyses offer the potential to improve our understanding of midlatitude cyclones, particularly smaller‐scale systems and those with complex structures. However, previous studies have demonstrated large variations in the frequency and characteristics of Australian midlatitude cyclones between reanalyses when using their native resolution. In this paper we use satellite observations of winds and rainfall in order to evaluate the ability of the ERA‐Interim, JRA55, MERRA and CFSR reanalyses to reproduce Australian east coast cyclones. The MERRA reanalysis produces a large number of erroneous small‐scale lows without cyclonic wind patterns using a simple pressure‐difference‐based cyclone identification and tracking method. Consequently, we recommend the ERA‐Interim reanalysis when using such methods, or applying more complex tracking methods that are able to compensate for these issues.
The liquid organization of volunteer tourism: Implications for responsibility
Authors: Steele Jessica , Dredge Dianne 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDrawing from developments in sociology and organizational studies, this paper argues for a new understanding of volunteer tourism as liquid organization. It aims to explore the organization of volunteer tourism using a liquid organization perspective and to better understand the potential implications of this liquidity on the responsibility of volunteer tourism organizations to host communities. The analysis is based on data collected from 80 volunteer tourism organizations. The findings reveal that the volunteer tourism organizations show characteristics of liquid organization to varying degrees. The significance of the research is to problematize the way in which the institutional characteristics of volunteer tourism are (not) conceptualized in current literature and to introduce liquid organization as a means of reinvigorating debate about responsibility.
Surface Modification of Polyhydroxyalkanoates toward Enhancing Cell Compatibility and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Ke Yu , Liu Caikun , Zhang Xiaoye , Xiao Meng , Wu Gang 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBiomaterials for in vivo application should induce positive interaction with various histocytes and inhibit bacteria inflection as well. Cells and/or bacteria response to the extracellular environment is therefore the basic principle to design the biomaterials surface in order to induce the specific biomaterial–biological interaction. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHAs) are of growing interests because of their natural origin, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and thermoplasticity; however, quite inert and intrinsic hydrophobic characteristics have hindered their extensive usage in medical applications. Surface modification of PHAs tailors the chemistry, wettability, and topography without altering the bulk properties, and introduces specific proteins/peptides and/or antibacterial agents to mediate cell–matrix interactions. This review describes the recent developments on the surface modification of PHAs to construct cell compatible and antibacterial surfaces.
Microfluidic Fabrication of Physically Assembled Nanogels and Micrometric Fibers by Using a Hyaluronic Acid Derivative
Authors: Agnello Stefano , Bongiovì Flavia , Fiorica Calogero , Pitarresi Giovanna , Palumbo Fabio Salvatore , Di Bella Maria Antonietta , Giammona Gaetano 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe employ of a hyaluronic acid (HA) derivative, bearing octadecyl (C18) and ethylenediamine (EDA) groups, for microfluidic fabrication of nanogels and microfibers is reported in this study. Two HA‐EDA‐C18 derivatives (125 and 320 kDa) having ionic strength sensitive properties are synthesized and characterized. The control of the rheological properties of HA‐EDA‐C18 aqueous dispersions by formation of inclusion complexes with hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrins (HPCD) is described. Reversibility of C18/HPCD complexation and physical crosslinking is detected in media with different ionic strength through oscillation frequency tests. HA‐EDA‐C18 125 kDa is employed for nanogel fabrication. Control over nanogel dimension by flow ratio regulation is demonstrated. HA‐EDA‐C18 320 kDa with HPCD is employed for fabrication of both microfibers and microchannels. Dimension of fibers is controlled by modulating flow ratios. Suitability for biological functionalization is assayed introducing cell adhesive peptides. Adhesion and encapsulation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells is evaluated.