bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penampilan Karakter Agronomi 16 Genotip Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merrill) pada Pertanaman Tumpangsari dengan Jagung (Zea mays L.) Pola 3:1
Authors: Wijaya Acep Atma , Rahayu Hana D , Oksifa Adi R. H. , Rachmadi Meddy , Karuniawan Agung 
Published: September 2016

Kedelai merupakan komoditas pertanian yang sangat penting di Indonesia. Namun, produksi kedelai nasional belum dapat memenuhi kebutuhan kedelai nasional. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan menerapkan pola tanam tumpangsari kedelai dengan jagung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari genotip kedelai yang mampu beradaptasi pada pertanaman tumpangsari dengan jagung pola 3:1 serta menghitung produktivitas penggunaan lahan setiap genotip pada pertanaman tumpangsari dengan jagung pola 3:1. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). 16 genotip kedelai digunakan sebagai perlakuan, dan diulang sebanyak dua kali. Untuk melihat respons genotip pada pertanaman tumpangsari dilakukan dengan uji Least Significant Increase (LSI) pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Pendugaan produktivitas lahan pada setiap genotip dihitung berdasarkan nilai Nisbah Kesetaraan Lahan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan genotip kedelai yang memperlihatkan respons paling baik pada pertanaman tumpangsari kedelai jagung dibandingkan kultivar cek untuk tinggi tanaman yaitu genotip BTN 5 dan JT 3, karakter jumlah cabang produktif yaitu genotip BTN 5, karakter luas daun dan indeks luas daun yaitu genotip JT 3, karakter sudut daun yaitu genotip CK 6, karakter bobot per plot yaitu genotip KBI 2, dan Nisbah Kesetaraan Lahan yaitu genotip CK 6 dan KBI 2.Genotip BTN 1, BTN 2, BTN 5, CK 15, CK 6, JT 3, KA 6, KA 7, KBI 2, KH 8, Cikuray dan Malikka memiliki nilai NKL lebih besar dari 1,0. Soybean is one of important agricultural commodity in Indonesia. However, the national soybean production is not sufficient to meet the needs of national soybean. Effort to do is by applying an intercropping soybean with corn. The objectives of the research was to find soybean genotypes that can adapt to intercropped plantation with corn in pattern of 3 : 1 as well as the productivity of the land use of each genotype in intercropping with maize in 3 : 1 pattern. The research used an experimental method randomized block design (RBD), 16 soybean genotypes as treatments, and repeated twice. To see the response of genotype in intercropping planting was done by using Least Significant Increase (LSI) at the level of significant 5%. Estimation of land productivity on each genotype was calculated with Land Equation Ratio value. The results showed that the best response of soybean genotype compared checks cultivar for plant height were genotype BTN 5 and JT 3, character number of productive branches was genotype BTN 5, the character of leaf area and leaf area index was genotype JT 3 , leaf angle character was genotype CK 6, characters of weights per plot was KBI 2 genotype and Land Equation Ratio value were CK 6 and KBI 2. Genotypes of BTN 1, BTN 2, BTN 5, CK 15, CK 6, JT 3, KA 6, KA 7, KBI 2, KH 8, Cikuray and Malikka had Land Equivalent Ratio values greater than 1.0.
Pengaruh Aplikasi Ragam Bahan Organik dan FMA terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum annum L.) Varietas Landung pada Tanah Pasca Galian C
Authors: Ramadhan Muhamad Fajar , Hidayat Cecep , Hasani Sofiya 
Published: September 2016

Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bahan organik (kompos gamal, dan asam humat) serta FMA (Glomus sp. + Gigaspora sp.+ Aclauspora sp) terhadap pertumbuhan serta hasil tanaman cabai pada tanah pasca galian C telah dilaksanakan di Gapoktan Simpay Tampomas, Sumedang sejak bulan Februari sampai dengan Juli 2014. Metode yang digunakan merupakan metode eksperimental berupa Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), dengan 8 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulang: a0 = kontrol, a1 = kompos gamal 5 t ha-1, a2 = kompos gamal 10 t ha-1, a3 = aplikasi FMA, a4 = asam humat, a5 = kompos gamal 5 t ha-1 + FMA , a6 = kompos gamal 10 t ha-1 + FMA, dan a7 = aplikasi asam humat + FMA. Pengujian lanjut dilakukan dengan Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi kompos gamal, asam humat, dan FMA tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap diameter batang dan bobot segar buah, tetapi berbeda nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman. Pengaplikasian bahan organik hingga 10 t ha-1, asam humat, dan FMA belum berpengaruh nyata terhadap perbaikan kesuburan tanah pasca galian C (tambang pasir), karena kondisi tanah pasca galian C yang didominasi 75% pasir dan 50% batuan. The study which aimed to determine the effect of organic matter (gliricidia compost, and humic acid) also AMF (Glomus sp. + Gigaspora sp. + Aclauspora sp.) on growth and yield of chili plants on post-excavation soil C had been held in Gapoktan Simpay Tampomas, Sumedang from February to July 2014. The method was an experimental method a randomized block design (RBD), with 8 treatments and repeated 4 times: a0 = control, a1 = gliricidia compost 5 t ha-1, a2 = gliricidia compost 10 t ha-1, a3 = AMF, a4 = humic acid, a5 = gliricidia compost 5 tons ha-1 + AMF, a6 = gliricidia compost 10 tons ha-1 + AMF, and a7 = humic acid + AMF. Further testing was done by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that the application of gliricidia compost, humic acid, and AMF did not significantly affect stem diameter, and fresh weight of fruit, but significant on stem height. Application of organic matter up to 10 tons ha-1, humic acid, and AMF had not significantly affect fertility improvement of post-excavation soil C (sand mining), because the soil C dominated by 75% sand and 50% rock.
Penjaringan Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula Indigenous dari Lahan Penanaman Jagung dan Kacang Kedelai pada Gambut Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Pangaribuan Nurmala 
Published: September 2016

Ekosistem gambut memiliki jenis dan kepadatan CMA yang beragam. Tanaman yang dibudidayakan di lahan gambut memiliki sistem perakaran (rhizosfir) yang mengandung berbagai jenis mikroorganisme CMA, dan dalam jumlah besar. Untuk mengetahui jenis dan jumlahnya, perlu dilakukan studi potensi CMA indigenous pada ekosistem gambut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk dapat memberikan informasi yang tepat tentang potensi sumberdaya cendawan mikoriza arbuskular dari lokasi penanaman jagung dan kacang-kacangan pada lahan gambut desa Sidomulyo Rasau Jaya, kabupaten Kubu Raya dan dari Jawai di Kabupaten Sambas, Propinsi Kalimantan Barat. Kegiatan penelitian ini diawali dengan pengambilan sampel tanah dari Rasau dan Jawai, yang kemudian diamati dengan mikroskop. Selanjutnya dilakukan (1) trapping spora mengunakan tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.), (2) identifikasi jenis spora, identifikasi CMA menggunakan Manual for The Identification of Mychorhiza Fungi, (3) penghitungan jumlah spora dengan menggunakan Metode Saring Basah Pacioni dan teknik sentrifugasi dari Brunndret. Hasil percobaan menghasilkan jumlah spora Glomus sp. asal Rasau 227 spora per 50 g tanah, dan gambut asal Jawai 181,9 spora per 50 g tanah gambut Rasau dan Sambas dominan mengandung Glomus sp. Peats ecosystem has different species and densities of Arbuscular Mycoriza Fungi (AMF). Plant Rhizosphere at peatland has various kinds of microorganisms, including AMF. For further use, study the potency of indigenous AMF is necessary. This research was conducted to study on the potency of indigenous AMF, from the where physic corn and nuts, grow on peatland of Rasau dan Jawai, Pontianak West Kalimantan. Soils samples were collected and then observed under microscope. The steps to study the potency of AMF were (1) spora trapping, (2) identifying the types of spore, and (3) counting of spora with Seive and Wet Techniques by Pacioni and Brunndret. The result showed that the number of spores AMF of Glomus sp from cultivated Rasau was 227 spores 50 g-1 soil and from of Jawai was 181,9 spores 50 g-1 soil Indigenous AMF from the soil where physic corn and nut grown at Rasau and Jawai were dominated by Glomus sp.
Novel Slim-Matrix PDC Construction Boosts Drilling Efficiency: A Field Study of Deep Applications
Authors: Sherif M. , El Oufy M. , Ragheb A. M. , Aguib K. A. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The ability to construct slim body matrix bits has been proven and demonstrated to be of value when compared to conventional matrix construction and steel body PDC bits. The new matrix material with enhanced toughness has shown it can take the drilling and dynamic loads of medium depth applications with low to medium compressive strength. However the technical limits possible using slim body construction needs to be established. Recent developments in applications drilling deep sections in medium to hard formations with extended intervals has shown a need to have heavy set PDC bits to be more hydraulically efficient. The construction of heavy set matrix bit has always suffered from tight junk slot area and open face volume because of the high blade count and dense cutting structure. The challenge with the rock column of deep sections is interbedding between soft formations and hard formations creating a need for a cutting structure to be durable but in the same time not suffer from poor cleaning when formation transitions to a softer member column.
The new matrix material with enhanced toughness allows for the design of a slim-body PDC matrix construction. The technology was initially rolled out for 8½ in and 12¼ in shallow hole sections and results are recorded in SPE-KSA-113. The scope of this study is testing the structural integrity of this construction together with its effectiveness by extending the concept to heavy set bits and deploying them in deep interbedded rock column applications.
The main value sought is that the drilling complexity and costs increase in deep applications and targeting improvement in ROP would have a direct consequence on cost per foot. In this context even an increase of 5% in ROP can have a significant effect if the hole depth is at 15,000 ft TVD. Thus this study focuses on measuring the success rate fo slim body matrix by measuring rate of ROP improvement while ensuring the structural integrity of this technology is not a risk at such depths. The severity of the applications in which these tests were conducted were evaluated when possible with rock compressive strength analysis and measuring that against ROP.
The results portion of this part of the campaign (deep applications) has shown surprising results with more success rate percentage of improving ROP vs what was recorded in shallow applications (see SPE-KSA-113). The cost per foot effect was even more significant at such depth with the incremental improvement in ROP as the slim-body matrix construction responded to the variation of formation compressive strength. The slim body matrix feature proved its advantage in interbedded applications, where formations fluctuate from hard to soft and vice versa with no compromise to structural integrity even at the deepest applications drilled in Egypt's rock column.
Corporate Wikipedia in Upstream: Bimodal IT Case
Authors: Khasanov M. M. , Krasnov F. V. , Belozerov B. V. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Average duration of corporate Knowledge Management project measures in years. The idea of this paper is to show new approaches to this well-known activity. The problems of incompatibility between corporate IT services and Open Source Systems are obvious and based on polite incredulity. On the other hand, corporate users are exhausted to wait for results of Knowledge Management projects. KM teams force users to share knowledge and on our opinion implantation is only one part of the KM process. The other part is to provide a solution for the user's needs to share knowledge. World Wide Web was originally created to let scientists share knowledge. Obviously if we bring the best from WWW tech to corporate environment we can make a real masterpiece.
Bimodal IT is quite new approach which has many unclear areas. Open Source Systems are in good alignment with agility part of Bimodal IT mode. MediaWiki is rather agile framework with adoptable ecosystem of extensions. OSS LAMP stack is a very fast tool to launch corporate project. Extremely important to connect delivers of agile phase to part of IT focused on stability. In other case corporate Wikipedia project will be doomed.
Sand Fines Erosion and Asset Integrity Management of Deepwater Gas Facilities: Effect of Liquid Loading
Authors: Subramani Hariprasad J. , Rhyne Lee D. , Gonuguntla Praveen Kumar , Subramani Vikramraja J. , Vedapuri Damodaran 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
In spite of the sand control/management techniques implemented down-hole, fine sand (&lt; 50-75 microns) often may find its way into the piping components of onshore, offshore, and subsea facilities causing erosion/wear and subsequent pipeline integrity issues. Existing erosion models (both CFD-based and correlations) widely used in the industry have been reasonably benchmarked with erosion due to sand particles that are greater than 100-150 microns and the predictions are within ±100% of observations even in single-phase carrier (liquid or gas) flows. Although there is only a limited set of the fines erosion data (both lab and field), there is a considerable mismatch between the data and what the models predict even when the fines (&lt; 50 microns) are carried in single-phase (let alone multiphase) fluid flow. Also, current industry practice is to assume that the low liquid content of gas stream reduces fines erosion by forming a protective film on the pipe wall although there is no clear understanding on what fraction of the liquid content (a) gets atomized into droplets (that may or may not wet the fine particles) in the gas stream and (b) wets the pipe wall. Even the development and validation efforts of the correlations for fine particle-pipe wall interaction leading to a single erosion event (let alone CFD-based erosion simulation) are still at their infancy. Several renowned erosion research groups around the world have been working on addressing the afore-said gaps. New fines erosion experiments were conducted in a 4" flow facility that consists of several piping components (orifice plates, elbows, and tees) that were connected in series and pipe wall thickness loss due to erosion was measured using a standard ultrasonic method. This paper elucidates the effect of (a) interaction of piping components connected in series (in-plane and out-of-plane) and (b) effect of low liquid loading in gas on fines erosion, scaleup to field conditions, and provides some directions for future efforts needed on this topic that are critical to the safe and efficient operation of oil-gas producing/processing facilities.
A New Class of Renewable Surfactants for Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Kaiser Anton , Curren Morgan , Parmenter David , Mahmoudkhani Amir , Wylde Jonathan 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
With the ever-growing demand for more environmentally acceptable oilfield chemicals, classic oilfield chemistries are becoming obsolete and new chemical systems are required. Future oil production will be dominated by unconventional oil production with increased amounts of chemicals needed to further improve oil recovery with higher production rates. In addition, environmentally acceptable chemistries will be of increased significance and the use of natural product based chemicals will further ensure a more sustainable oil production.
To achieve the future requirements of environmentally acceptable surfactants for chemical enhanced oil recovery, chemistries with low toxicity and high biodegradability are needed. Renewable based fatty acid amides represent such a class of bio-based surfactants that are environmentally acceptable and show superior performance in enhanced oil recovery applications.
The following paper describes the chemical design of renewable based fatty acid amide surfactants and their use in EOR applications. Extensive phase behavior studies, salinity scans, adsorption studies, IFT measurements and surface tension measurements were performed to present the high efficiency and potential of these products for surfactant polymer- and surfactant flooding on different crude oils. Furthermore, the biodegradation and aqua-toxicity of the renewable based fatty acid amide surfactants will be discussed in detail. This new class of bio-based surfactants represents an environmentally acceptable option to the broadly used internal olefin sulfonates with superior performance, especially for carbonate reservoirs. The non-ionic character of the renewable based fatty acid amide molecule results in much less ability to adsorb on rock surfaces which allows a potential re-injection of the produced water to decrease chemical consumption. Additionally, the viscoelastic behavior of this new class of surfactants will improve the sweep efficiency during a flooding process. Overall, these multi-functional natural-based surfactants will drastically increase oil recovery rates when applied.
The Influence of Fluid Ratios on Produced Water Separation and Quality of Chemical EOR
Authors: Kaiser Anton , White Alan , Belhimer Yaz , Wylde Jonathan 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The use of alkaline polymer surfactant flooding techniques is becoming more common-place, particularly in projects where heavier and more viscous crude oil is produced. While the efficacy of increasing recovery factors cannot be disputed, often there is little consideration given to the implications of these enhanced oil recovery (EOR) chemicals breaking through into producer wells and entering the produced water handling system. The impact caused by EOR chemical breakthrough can be varied, but most commonly the efficacy of oil/water separation is seriously affected. The contribution that EOR chemicals can have on reservoir souring is often underestimated, as is the effect they can have upon standard production chemicals such as scale and corrosion inhibitors.
This paper draws upon the importance of different fluid ratios during EOR operations and the challenges that EOR chemical breakthrough has upon the produced water treatment strategy. A field case history specifically addressing the challenge of fluid separation at different fluid ratios and the impact on water in oil and oil in water emulsion stability.
Additives for CO2 EOR Applications
Authors: Rommerskirchen Renke , Nijssen Patrick , Bilgili Harun , Sottmann Thomas 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
CO2 injection is a commonly used technique for recovering residual oil from mature reservoirs. It gains more and more interest due to the importance of carbon dioxide capturing and sequestration. The increasing CO2 availability and the easy implementation make this Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) method favorable in times of low oil prices. In most reservoirs injected or native CO2 exists in its supercritical state (scCO2) because the critical point of carbon dioxide is at a lower pressure and temperature than the reservoir conditions. Its miscibility behavior makes scCO2 a good solvent that generates high oil recovery rates. The swelling of the hydrocarbon phase, and consequently the efficiency of a flood, strongly depends on the miscibility of the residual oil and the solvent. Therefore, immiscibility of scCO2 with the crude oil leads to poor recovery, which poses some limitations to CO2 EOR procedures. Additionally, viscosity or gravity effects could decrease the sweep efficiency and therewith the recovery rate.
The miscibility of the injection fluid and the residual crude oil can be improved by solubilizing an appropriate additive in the scCO2. In this work the compatibility of different additives with scCO2 is investigated in order to identify compounds that enable an easy co-injection of the additive within the flow of the CO2. Phase behavior studies under typical reservoir pressures and temperatures with a (model) crude oil show the solubilization behavior of the recovery fluid CO2 and the effect of the different additives on the mutual miscibility.
Information about the influence of different additives on the crude oil's miscibility and swelling with the injected CO2 allows conclusions about the best procedure for each reservoir. The additives can also interact with the formation water and build stable CO2-foams downhole. These foams exhibit a higher viscosity than the pure gas which also results in improved sweep efficiency.
Using an appropriate additive can lead to a change of the miscibility behavior of a reservoir and make it more favorable for a CO2 EOR process. A former near-miscible or even immiscible application can become a miscible flood. Furthermore, the additives can influence the performance of water alternate gas (WAG) and foam methods and lead to higher recovery rates.
Introducing a New Capacitance-Resistance Model and Solutions to Current Modeling Limitations
Authors: Altaheini S. , Al-Towijri A. , Ertekin T. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Numerical reservoir simulation offers the best representation for reservoir fluid flow. However, uncertainty in assigning and distributing static parameters between wells adds a dimension of weakness to its implementation and cultivates modeling doubts. Capacitance-resistance modeling is one of the recent evolving technologies that provides opportunities to study fluid dynamic signatures that can help unveil uncertainties for some aspects of static reservoir parameters such as fractures and faults.
Capacitance-resistance modeling (CRM) is a tool that relies on signal processing in associating actions (i.e. injection and drawdown) to reactions (i.e. production). This is accomplished through means of multivariate nonlinear regression. There are many documented limitations to this tool that reduce the model reliability, or prevent it from attaining an acceptable match. Capacitance-resistance modeling limitations result from varying model parameters, or missing input data. Examples of these limitations include changes to the number of active producers, significant change in well productivity index (e.g. well workover), high variation of fluid compressibility, and presence of aquifer support. Most reservoirs will encounter many of these limitations which makes it important to find a rectifying solution.
In this paper, CRM limitations are addressed and a new modeling equation is introduced to produce a flexible capacitance-resistance model. Shutting-in producers, or introducing them, changes the number of active production wells. This limitation is solved by modifying the injection rates in a way that honors the mass balance and keeps the modeling weights constant. Changes in a well's productivity index are addressed by considering the well as two separate wells (before/after change), while the presence of aquifer support is engaged by adding a pseudo injection well, to mimic influx support, and adjusting the injection rate to reach the best possible match quality. As for the new modeling equation, it performs very well when compared to current CRM equations, has fewer variables, and has more applications due to the incorporation of a drainage control-volume that acts as a filter to all supporting streams. This new formulation also gives clearer indications to noncontributing injectors; the information from which can be used to detect the presence of faults and fractures.