bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of UV radiation on the process of wilting and application of additives at ensiling on the fermentation quality of Siberian wildrye silage on the Qinghai‐Tibetan plateau
Authors: Li Ping , Tang Haiyang , Feng Tao , Zhang Yu , Qu Hui , Bai Shiqie , Shen Yixin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractEffects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and formic acid (FA) on silage quality of ultraviolet (UV)‐radiated Siberian wildrye (Elymus sibiricus L.) were studied on the Qinghai‐Tibetan plateau. Siberian wildrye seeds were sown in early April, 2012 and harvested in 2013, 2014 and 2016. Fresh forage was radiated for 0, 4 and 8 h under ambient/laboratory UV radiation conditions during the wilting process, and then mixed with LAB inoculant (105 cfu g−1 fresh matter [FM]) and FA (3 mL kg−1 FM), respectively, no additives treatment as control. After additive treatments, chopped Siberian wildrye plants were packed in 30 cm × 40 cm polythene bags and stored in a dark room at ambient temperature (<15°C) for 90 days. Silages of UV‐radiated Siberian wildrye had higher (P < 0.05) pH and ammonia‐nitrogen (N) content, lower (P < 0.05) acetic and propionic acid content and in vitro ruminal dry matter digestibility. Compared with control, treatments with additives (especially for inoculant LAB) enhanced pH decline, increased (P > 0.05) acetic acid content, decreased (P < 0.05) butyric acid and ammonia‐N content of silages of UV‐radiated Siberian wildrye. It was concluded that the application of FA and inoculant LAB at ensiling could reduce the negative effects of extended UV radiation on the process of wilting.
Cdk1‐interacting protein Cip1 is regulated by the S phase checkpoint in response to genotoxic stress
Authors: Zhang Ze , Ren Ping , Vashisht Ajay A. , Wohlschlegel James A. , Quintana David G. , Zeng Fanli 
Published: August 2017

In eukaryotic cells, a surveillance mechanism, the S phase checkpoint, detects and responds to insults that challenge chromosomal replication, arresting cell cycle progression and triggering appropriate events to prevent genomic instability. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Mec1/ATM/ATR, and its downstream kinase, Rad53/Chk2, mediate the response to genotoxic stress. In this study, we place Cip1, a recently identified Cdk1 inhibitor (CKI), under the regulation of Mec1 and Rad53 in response to genotoxic stress. Cip1 accumulates dramatically in a Mec1‐ and Rad53‐dependent manner upon replication stress. This increase requires the activity of MBF, but not the transcriptional activator kinase Dun1. At the protein level, stabilization of replication stress‐induced Cip1 requires continued de novo protein synthesis. In addition, Cip1 is phosphorylated at an S/TQ motif in a Mec1‐dependent manner. Deletion of Cip1 affects proliferation in hydroxyurea‐containing plates. Significantly, the sensitivity is increased when the dosage of the G1 cyclin CLN2 is increased, compatible to a role of Cip1 as a G1‐cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor. In all, our results place Cip1 under the S phase checkpoint response to genotoxic stress. Furthermore, Cip1 plays a significant role to preserve viability in response to insults that threaten chromosome replication.
Effect on Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy against gastric cancer in Japan
Authors: Tsuda Momoko , Asaka Masahiro , Kato Mototsugu , Matsushima Rumiko , Fujimori Kenji , Akino Kozo , Kikuchi Shogo , Lin Yingsong , Sakamoto Naoya 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundIn Japan, there have been approximately 50 000 deaths from gastric cancer annually for over 40 years with little variation. It has been reported that most gastric cancers in Japan are caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. H. pylori eradication therapy was approved for patients with chronic gastritis by the Japanese national health insurance scheme in February 2013 for patients with an endoscopic diagnosis of chronic gastritis is positive for H. pylori. We examined the effect on gastric cancer death rate 4 years after expansion of health insurance coverage.AimWe conducted an epidemiological study and analyzed trends in prescription for H. pylori eradication therapy. We used the electronic medical claims database from Hokkaido, Japan to evaluate the impact of expansion of national health insurance coverage for H. pylori eradication therapy on deaths from gastric cancer.MethodsData on deaths from gastric cancer were obtained from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare and the Cancer Statistics in Japan (2015). Analysis of electronic claims records was performed using the National Database, mainly focusing on Hokkaido. Prescriptions for H. pylori eradication therapy and the number of patients treated for gastric cancer were also extracted from the Hokkaido database.ResultsApproximately 1.5 million prescriptions for H. pylori eradication therapy were written annually. Gastric cancer deaths fell each year: 48 427 in 2013, 47 903 in 2014, 46 659 in 2015, and 45 509 in 2016, showing a significant decrease after expansion of insurance coverage for H. pylori eradication therapy (P<.0001).ConclusionsPrescriptions for H. pylori eradication therapy increased markedly after approval of the gastritis indication by the national health insurance scheme and was associated with a significant decrease in gastric cancer deaths.
Limited effectiveness with a 10‐day bismuth‐containing quadruple therapy (Pylera®) in third‐line recue treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. A real‐life multicenter study
Authors: Rodríguez de Santiago Enrique , Martín de Argila de Prados Carlos , Marcos Prieto Hector Miguel , Jorge Turrión Miguel Ãngel , Barreiro Alonso Eva , Flores de Miguel Alvaro , de la Coba Ortiz Cristobal , Rodríguez Escaja Carlos , Pérez Álvarez Gustavo , Ferre Aracil Carlos , Aguilera Castro Lara , García García de Paredes Ana , Rodríguez Pérez Antonio , Albillos Martínez Agustin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundHelicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance is an increasing problem worldwide. Pylera® may be an option as salvage therapy.AimTo assess the effectiveness, safety, and tolerance of Pylera® as a third‐line in clinical practice.Materials and MethodsThis was a multicenter, observational, prospective database study in four Spanish hospitals. Consecutive H. pylori‐infected individuals treated with Pylera® and a proton‐pump inhibitor (PPI) were invited to participate if they had failed to respond to PPI‐clarithromycin‐amoxicillin as first‐line and to levofloxacin‐amoxicillin‐PPI as second‐line therapy. Eradication was tested 4‐8 weeks after Pylera® using a C13‐urea breath test. Treatment‐related adverse effects (TRAEs) were assessed through a questionnaire and by reviewing databases. A questionnaire on patient satisfaction was completed in the last visit.ResultsOf 103 subjects fulfilling the selection criteria, 101 were included in the intention‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis and 97 in the per‐protocol (PP) analysis. A 10 day course was prescribed in all patients. Esomeprazole 40 mg b.i.d. was the most used PPI regimen (ITT=94.1%). Ninety‐seven individuals (ITT=96.04%) completed more than 90% of the treatment. Overall eradication rates were ITT=80.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 72.3%‐88.1%) and PP=84.4% (95% CI: 76.8%‐91.8%). One or more TRAEs were experienced by 67.3% (95% CI: 57.7%‐75.7%), all mild or moderate. TRAEs and the number of pills were the main complaints.ConclusionIn an area of high antibiotic resistance to H. pylori, 10‐day Pylera® plus double‐dose PPI emerged as an alternative as third‐line therapy, although not achieving optimal eradication rates. TRAEs were common but were neither severe nor did they condition compliance.
Geochemical characteristics of zircons in the Ashizuri A‐type granitoids: An additional granite topology tool for detrital zircon studies
Authors: Sawaki Yusuke , Suzuki Kazue , Asanuma Hisashi , Okabayashi Satoki , Hattori Kentaro , Saito Takuya , Hirata Takafumi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractZircon is resistant to alteration over a wide range of geological environments, and isotopic ratios within the mineral provide constraints on ages and their parental magmas. Trace element compositions in zircon are also expected to reflect those of their parent magmas, and have a potential as essential indicators for their host rocks. Because most detrital zircons that accumulate at river mouths are derived primarily from granitoids, the classification of zircon within granitoids is potentially meaningful. This study employs the conventional classification scheme of granites (I‐, S‐, M‐, and A‐types). To clarify geochemical characteristics of zircons in A‐type granites, trace element compositions of zircons extracted from the A‐type Ashizuri granitoids were examined. Zircons from the Ashizuri granitoids commonly show enrichments of heavy rare earth elements and positive Ce anomalies, indicating that these zircons were igneous in origin. In addition, zircons in these A‐type granites are characterized by enrichments of Nb, Y, Ta, Th, and U and strong negative Eu anomalies, which exhibit good positive correlations with those in their whole rocks. This fact indicates that these signatures in zircons reflect well those in their parental bodies and are useful in identifying zircons derived from A‐type granite. Based on compilations of available data, zircons from A‐type granites can be clearly discriminated from other‐types of granites within Nb/Sr–Eu anomaly, U/Sr–Eu anomaly, Nb/Sr–U/Sr, and Nb/Sr–Ta/Sr cross‐plots. All indices used in these diagrams were selected based on the geochemical features of both zircon and whole rock of A‐type granites. Application of these discrimination diagrams to detrital zircons will likely provide further insights. For example, some Hadean detrital zircons plot in similar fields to A‐type granites, implying the existence of A‐type magmatism in the Earth's earliest history.
Effects of both Sr and Mg substitution on compositions of biphasic calcium phosphate derived from hydrothermal method
Authors: Xu Yiming , Geng Zhen , Gao Zhonghui , Zhuo Xianglong , Li Bing , Cui Zhenduo , Zhu Shengli , Liang Yanqin , Li Zhaoyang , Yang Xianjin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBiphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramics have received much attention in the field of biomaterials. Regulation of phase compositions ofBCPis extremely important for improving their bioactivity. In this study, the effects of Sr‐ and Mg‐addition on the phase composition and morphology ofBCPceramics, prepared by a conventional hydrothermal way, were investigated deeply. The results indicated that the addition of Sr and Mg both facilitated the generation of β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP), and the relationships between the addition and the relative content of β‐TCPunder differentpH8.5 and 10.5 were similar. The relative content of β‐TCPphase increased linearly with the Sr addition. Meantime, the relative content of β‐TCPchanged quadratically with the Mg addition and reached its peak when the Mg addition was up to 30%. Besides, the fraction of β‐TCPphase of samples synthesized atpH8.5 was higher than that of samples synthesized atpH10.5 when the substitution was same. The morphology did not change significantly in Sr‐substituted samples while an enhancement in density was observed with Mg addition in Mg‐substituted samples. These results and findings provide more comprehensive knowledge about controlling the phase compositions ofBCPby changing the initial substitution of Mg and Sr.
Fatigue of three advanced SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites at 1200°C in air and in steam
Authors: Ruggles‐Wrenn Marina , Boucher Nicholas , Przybyla Craig 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHigh‐temperature mechanical properties and tension‐tension fatigue behavior of three advanced SiC/SiC composites are discussed. The effects of steam on high‐temperature fatigue performance of the ceramic‐matrix composites are evaluated. The three composites consist of a SiC matrix reinforced with laminated, woven SiC (Hi‐Nicalon™) fibers. Composite 1 was processed by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) of SiC into the Hi‐Nicalon™ fiber preforms coated with boron nitride (BN) fiber coating. Composite 2 had an oxidation inhibited matrix consisting of alternating layers of silicon carbide and boron carbide and was also processed by CVI. Fiber preforms had pyrolytic carbon fiber coating with boron carbon overlay applied. Composite 3 had a melt‐infiltrated (MI) matrix consolidated by combining CVI‐SiC with SiC particulate slurry and molten silicon infiltration. Fiber preforms had a CVI BN fiber coating applied. Tensile stress‐strain behavior of the three composites was investigated and the tensile properties measured at 1200°C. Tension‐tension fatigue behavior was studied for fatigue stresses ranging from 80 to 160 MPa in air and from 60 to 140 MPa in steam. Fatigue run‐out was defined as 2 × 105 cycles. Presence of steam significantly degraded the fatigue performance of the CVI SiC/SiC composite 1 and of the MI SiC/SiC composite 3, but had little influence on the fatigue performance of the SiC/SiC composite 2 with the oxidation inhibited matrix. The retained tensile properties of all specimens that achieved fatigue run‐out were characterized. Composite microstructure, as well as damage and failure mechanisms were investigated.
Determining the effects of annealing time on the glass transition temperature of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi starch
Authors: Zhu Xiaoyan , Du Xianfeng , Chen Xu , Hu Jingwei , Zhou Xiuhong , Guo Li 
Published: August 2017

SummaryTo probe the effects of annealing time on the glass transition temperature (Tg) and digestibility of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi starch, the starch crystal structure and moisture distribution through the components of P. lobata (Willd.) Ohwi starch were investigated. Annealing times of 0, 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h were employed to determine the effect of starch Tg using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with the support of 1H low‐field NMR, polarised light microscopy and 13C CP/MAS NMR. The Tg values of the starch increased with longer annealing times. The 1H low‐field NMR results showed that the T2 relaxation time decreased and starch–water interactions increased as the annealing time increased. Compared with native starch, annealed starch had higher contents of slowly digested starch (SDS) and resistant starch (RS). The starch crystal structure was not destroyed after annealing, but the relative crystallinity percentage increased slightly.
Stability of antioxidant peptides from duck meat after post‐mortem ageing
Authors: Liu Dongmei , Chen Xing , Huang Jichao , Zhou Xinghu , Huang Ming , Zhou Guanghong 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThe stability of antioxidant peptides from aged duck meat during processing and simulated gastrointestinal digestion was investigated. The antioxidant peptides preserved a high stability in the presence of diverse NaCl or upon various time heating. The antioxidant activities were strengthened by the addition of 4–8% glucose or by heating at 100 °C, whereas they were lost under alkaline conditions. During in vitro digestion, the antioxidant activities increased with pepsin treatment but then decreased following trypsin digestion. Pepsin hydrolysed peptides into short fragments and results in the increased exposure of internal hydrophobic amino acids. With further treatment by trypsin, peptides can be hydrolysed completely and more free amino acids were released, leading to the decline in surface hydrophobicity. These variations might be responsible for the change in antioxidant activity during in vitro digestion. The antioxidant peptides from aged duck with high stability can be used as functional food ingredients to improve human health.
Fabrication of core–shell structured macrocapsules by electro‐coextrusion with agar–hydrocolloid mixtures for precooked food applications: textural and release characteristics
Authors: Ngamnikom Peerapong , Phawaphuthanon Natthiya , Kim Moojoong , Boonsupthip Waraporn , Shin Il‐Shik , Chung Donghwa 
Published: August 2017

SummaryTextural and release characteristics of three types of core–shell macrocapsules, fabricated by electro‐coextrusion with agar only, an agar/fish gelatin (80:20) mixture or an agar/κ‐carrageenan (80:20) mixture at a total hydrocolloid concentration of 2% (w/v) and different applied voltages (0–8 kV), were investigated. The capsule diameter (1.1–1.6 mm) and shell thickness (15.1–38.4 μm) decreased with increasing applied voltage. Mixing agar with fish gelatin or κ‐carrageenan reduced slightly the capsule hardness and breaking energy; however, the capsule integrity was solid enough for safe handling. The release of core (olive oil containing a dye) in boiling water followed first‐order kinetics and was retarded significantly when κ‐carrageenan was mixed with agar but accelerated with fish gelatin addition (only 2.5–3.4 min for the release of 80% of the core). The agar/fish gelatin macrocapsules can be applied in precooked foods, because they are mechanically stable and can rapidly release the core upon contact with hot water.
Evaluation of a muscle pump‐activating device for non‐healing venous leg ulcers
Authors: Harris Connie , Duong Rochelle , Vanderheyden Gwen , Byrnes Beth , Cattryse Renee , Orr Ava , Keast David 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTThis evaluation involves an innovative muscle pump‐activating device (geko™) as an adjunctive therapy with best practices for non‐healing venous leg ulcers (VLUs). Stimulating the common peroneal nerve (at the fibular head), the geko™ device creates a response that acts as foot and calf muscle pumps, increasing venous, arterial and microcirculatory flow. The aim was to evaluate and determine if the geko™ is effective in this population and if it should be added to the medical supply formulary. In all, 12 patients with 18 recalcitrant VLUs (defined as less than 30% reduction in wound size in 30 days with best practices) in two community settings in Ontario consented to the evaluation and were treated with the geko™ for up to 20 weeks.A total of 44% of wounds healed, and 39% decreased in size. One patient non‐adherent with the geko™ and best practices had deterioration in his or her wounds. With the patients as their own control, the mean weekly healing rate with the geko™ was 9·35% (±SD 0·10) compared to 0·06% (±SD 0·10) prior to baseline, which was statistically significant (P < 0·01). Three patients not in optimal therapy increased compression due to decreased pain, further enabling healing. This study was not a randomised investigation, although the patients acted as their own controls. A pragmatic evaluation reflects the reality of the community sector; in spite of best practices or evidence‐based care, therapy is not uniformly applied, with some participants unable to tolerate or indeed comply with optimal compression therapy. Rash occurred under the devices in 7 of 12 (58%) patients. One patient stopped the device due to rash, while another had to take breaks from using the device. Subsequently, the manufacturer (FirstKind Ltd) has developed a new device and protocol specific to the requirements of wound therapy to minimise this response.This small case series demonstrated the highly significant effectiveness of the geko™ device in these hard‐to‐heal VLUs. Further evaluations to determine dose and patient selection criteria are underway.
A PEGylated fibrin hydrogel‐based antimicrobial wound dressing controls infection without impeding wound healing
Authors: Gil Joel , Natesan Shanmugasundaram , Li Jie , Valdes Jose , Harding Andrew , Solis Michael , Davis Stephen C. , Christy Robert J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCombat injuries are associated with a high incidence of infection, and there is a continuing need for improved approaches to control infection and promote wound healing. Due to the possible local and systemic adverse effects of standard 1% cream formulation (Silvadene), we had previously developed a polyethylene glycol (PEGylated) fibrin hydrogel (FPEG)‐based wound dressing for the controlled delivery of silver sulfadiazine (SSD) entrapped in chitosan microspheres (CSM). In this study, we have evaluated the antimicrobial and wound healing efficacy of SSD‐CSM‐FPEG using a full‐thickness porcine wound infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Infected wounds treated with a one‐time application of the SSD‐CSM‐FPEG wound dressing demonstrated significantly reduced bacterial bioburden over time (99·99% of reduction by day 11; P < 0·05) compared with all the other treatment groups. The epithelial thickness and granulation of the wound bed was significantly better on day 7 (150·9 ± 13·12 µm), when compared with other treatment groups. Overall, our findings demonstrate that the SSD‐CSM‐FPEG wound dressing effectively controls P. aeruginosa infection and promotes wound healing by providing a favourable environment that induces neovascularisation. Collectively, sustained release of SSD using fibrin hydrogel exhibited enhanced benefits when compared with the currently available SSD treatment, and this may have significant implications in the bacterial reduction of infected wounds in military and civilian populations.
Sintering behavior of Ba/Sr celsian precursor obtained from zeolite‐A by ion‐exchange method
Authors: Biesuz Mattia , Spiridigliozzi Luca , Marocco Antonello , Dell'Agli Gianfranco , Sglavo Vincenzo M. , Pansini Michele 
Published: August 2017

Abstract(Ba, Sr)‐exchanged zeolite A with composition Ba0.74Sr0.22Na0.04Al2Si2O8 was prepared by cation exchange; a mild thermal treatment converts into an amorphous phase. Successive crystallization and sintering behavior was studied by XRD, DTA, and thermodilatometric analysis. The results point out the activation of viscous flow sintering mechanisms between 900°C and 1050°C. The densification process starts when the amorphous phase reaches its glass transition temperature (897°C) and finishes when the material crystallizes forming hexacelsian. The application of an external pressure in such temperature range allows to achieve an almost complete densification, the material transforming at 1300°C into dense monoclinic celsian much below the typical processing temperature.
Infant sleep problems: The sleep characteristics of the “Don't Know” response
Authors: Tsai Shao‐Yu , Lee Chien‐Chang , Chen Li‐Chiou , Tung Yi‐Ching 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimsTo examine the sleep characteristics of infants with parentally reported sleep problems, with parentally reported no sleep problems and with parentally reported uncertain sleep conditions.BackgroundInfant sleep problems are recognized as a major health issue worldwide. However, in our daily clinical practices, it is not uncommon for parents not to know whether their infant sleep is problematic.Design and MethodsA prospective study conducted between 2012 ‐ 2015 where 219 parents completed questionnaires and infants wore an actigraph monitor for 7 days. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to evaluate the actigraphic and parentally reported infant sleep behaviours between the groups.ResultsThirty‐two (14.61%) parents did not know whether their infant sleep was problematic and 118 (53.88%) parents considered their infant sleep a problem. Compared with infants without sleep problems, infants with uncertain sleep conditions had significantly increased odds of having shortened longest sleep duration according to parental report. A significant association was found for infants without sleep problems compared with those with sleep problems who had significantly more wake after sleep onset as measured by actigraphy, as well as reduced longest sleep duration according to parental report.ConclusionInfants with uncertain sleep conditions have the same problematic sleep behaviours resembling those of children with reported sleep problems. Healthcare professionals should actively disseminate sleep knowledge to help parents interpret infant sleep behaviours and consider possible intervention strategies for improving parental sleep‐related knowledge and infant sleep.