bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of zeolite-trench-embedded microcantilevers with CMOS strain gauge for integrated gas sensor applications
Authors: Inoue Shu , Denoual Matthieu , Awala Hussein , Grand Julien , Mintova Sveltana , Tixier-Mita Agnès , Mita Yoshio 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Custom-synthesized zeolite is coated and fixed into microcantilevers with microtrenches of 1 to 5 µm width. Zeolite is a porous material that absorbs chemical substances; thus, it is expected to work as a sensitive chemical-sensing head. The total mass increases with gas absorption, and the cantilever resonance frequency decreases accordingly. In this paper, a thick zeolite cantilever sensor array system for high sensitivity and selectivity is proposed. The system is composed of an array of microcantilevers with silicon deep trenches. The cantilevers are integrated with CMOS-made polysilicon strain gauges for frequency response electrical measurement. The post-process fabrication of such an integrated array out of a foundry-made CMOS chip is successful. On the cantilevers, three types of custom zeolite (FAU-X, LTL, and MFI) are integrated by dip and heating methods. The preliminary measurement has shown a clear shift of resonance frequency by the chemical absorbance of ethanol gas.
Heterogeneous quantum dot/silicon photonics-based wavelength-tunable laser diode with a 44 nm wavelength-tuning range
Authors: Kita Tomohiro , Yamamoto Naokatsu , Matsumoto Atsushi , Kawanishi Tetsuya , Yamada Hirohito 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
A heterogeneous wavelength-tunable laser diode combining quantum dot and silicon photonics technologies is proposed. A compact wavelength-tunable filter with two ring resonators was carefully designed and fabricated using silicon photonics technology. The tunable laser combining the wavelength-tunable filter and an optical amplifier, which includes InAs quantum dots, achieved a 44.0 nm wavelength-tuning range at around 1250 nm. The broadband optical gain of the quantum dot optical amplifier was effectively used by the optimized wavelength-tunable filter. This heterogeneous wavelength-tunable laser diode could become a breakthrough technology for high-capacity data transmission systems.
Introduction to Cheminformatics
Authors: Wishart David S. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractCheminformatics is a field of information technology that focuses on the collection, storage, analysis, and manipulation of chemical data. The chemical data of interest typically includes information on small molecule formulas, structures, properties, spectra, and activities (biological or industrial). Cheminformatics originally emerged as a vehicle to help the drug discovery and development process, however cheminformatics now plays an increasingly important role in many areas of biology, chemistry, and biochemistry. The intent of this unit is to give readers some introduction into the field of cheminformatics and to show how cheminformatics not only shares many similarities with the field of bioinformatics, but also enhances much of what is currently done in bioinformatics, molecular biology, and biochemistry. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Thermo‐kinematic evolution of theAnnapurna‐DhaulagiriHimalaya, centralNepal: TheCompositeOrogenicSystem
Authors: Parsons A. J. , Law R. D. , Lloyd G. E. , Phillips R. J. , Searle M. P. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe Himalayan orogen represents a “Composite Orogenic System” in which channel flow, wedge extrusion, and thrust stacking operate in separate “Orogenic Domains” with distinct rheologies and crustal positions. We analyze 104 samples from the metamorphic core (Greater Himalayan Sequence, GHS) and bounding units of the Annapurna‐Dhaulagiri Himalaya, central Nepal. Optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analyses provide a record of deformation microstructures and an indication of active crystal slip systems, strain geometries, and deformation temperatures. These data, combined with existing thermobarometry and geochronology data are used to construct detailed deformation temperature profiles for the GHS. The profiles define a three‐stage thermokinematic evolution from midcrustal channel flow (Stage 1, >700°C to 550–650°C), to rigid wedge extrusion (Stage 2, 400–600°C) and duplexing (Stage 3, <280–400°C). These tectonic processes are not mutually exclusive, but are confined to separate rheologically distinct Orogenic Domains that form the modular components of a Composite Orogenic System. These Orogenic Domains may be active at the same time at different depths/positions within the orogen. The thermokinematic evolution of the Annapurna‐Dhaulagiri Himalaya describes the migration of the GHS through these Orogenic Domains and reflects the spatial and temporal variability in rheological boundary conditions that govern orogenic systems.
Movements of the thermocline lead to high variability in benthic mixing in the nearshore of a large lake
Authors: Chowdhury Mijanur R. , Wells Mathew G. , Howell Todd 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe thermocline of Lake Ontario is in constant motion, and as it washes back and forth along the sloping lakebed there is a striking asymmetry in near‐bed stratification and benthic turbulence between its rise and fall. Detailed field observations of the stratification and water currents from the summers of 2012 and 2013 showed that the thermocline motions had large amplitudes (as high as 15 m) and a dominant period between 16 and 17.5 h, corresponding to a near‐inertial internal Poincaré wave. During the falling phase, the warmer down‐slope flow was strongly stratified with near‐bed water temperature gradients of 1°C m−1. In contrast during the rising phase of colder up‐slope flow, there was an unstable stratification in near‐bed water and large temperature overturns due to the differential advection of stratified waters, i.e., the shear‐driven convective mechanism. Using a Thorpe‐scale analysis of overturns, the inferred turbulent diffusivity during the up‐slope flow was Kz =5 × 10−4 m2 s−1. In striking contrast during the down‐slope flow, the strong stratification had lower turbulent diffusivities of Kz =10−6 m2 s−1. The near bottom region of Lake Ontario within the thermocline swash‐zone has intense biological activity and the highest concentrations of invasive dreissenid mussels. We discuss the potential biological implications of the striking variability in benthic mixing and near‐bed stratification for nutrient cycling in the Lake Ontario nearshore.
Triptycene‐Based Chiral Macrocyclic Hosts for Highly Enantioselective Recognition of Chiral Guests Containing a Trimethylamino Group
Authors: Zhang Geng‐Wu , Li Peng‐Fei , Meng Zheng , Wang Han‐Xiao , Han Ying , Chen Chuan‐Feng 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA new class of chiral macrocyclic arene composed of three chiral 2,6‐dihydroxyltriptycene subunits bridged by methylene groups was designed and synthesized. Structural studies showed that the macrocyclic molecule adopts a hex‐nut‐like structure with a helical chiral cavity and highly fixed conformation. Efficient resolution was achieved through the introduction of chiral auxiliaries to give a couple of enantiopure macrocycles, which exhibited high enantioselectivity towards three pairs of chiral compounds containing a trimethylamino group.
Daisy Chain Rotaxanes Made from Interlocked DNA Nanostructures
Authors: Weigandt Johannes , Chung Chia‐Ling , Jester Stefan‐S. , Famulok Michael 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe report the stepwise assembly of supramolecular daisy chain rotaxanes (DCR) made of double‐stranded DNA: Small dsDNA macrocycles bearing an axle assemble into a pseudo‐DCR precursor that was connected to rigid DNA stoppers to form DCR with the macrocycles hybridized to the axles. In presence of release oligodeoxynucleotides (rODNs), the macrocycles are released from their respective hybridization sites on the axles, leading to stable mechanically interlocked DCRs. Besides the expected threaded DCRs, certain amounts of externally hybridized structures were observed, which dissociate into dumbbell structures in presence of rODNs. We show that the genuine DCRs have significantly higher degrees of freedom in their movement along the thread axle than the hybridized DCR precursors. Interlocking of DNA in DCRs might serve as a versatile principle for constructing functional DNA nanostructures where the movement of the subunits is restricted within precisely confined tolerance ranges.
Ortho‐Functionalized Aryltetrazines by Direct Palladium‐Catalyzed C−H Halogenation: Application to Fast Electrophilic Fluorination Reactions
Authors: Testa Christelle , Gigot Élodie , Genc Semra , Decréau Richard , Roger Julien , Hierso Jean‐Cyrille 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA general catalyzed direct C−H functionalization of s‐tetrazines is reported. Under mild reaction conditions, N‐directed ortho‐C−H activation of tetrazines allows the introduction of various functional groups, thus forming carbon–heteroatom bonds: C−X (X=I, Br, Cl) and C−O. Based on this methodology, we developed electrophilic mono‐ and poly‐ortho‐fluorination of tetrazines. Microwave irradiation was optimized to afford fluorinated s‐aryltetrazines, with satisfactory selectivity, within only ten minutes. This work provides an efficient and practical entry for further accessing highly substituted tetrazine derivatives (iodo, bromo, chloro, fluoro, and acetate precursors). It gives access to ortho‐functionalized aryltetrazines which are difficult to obtain by classical Pinner‐like syntheses.
Targeted Ultrasound‐Assisted Cancer‐Selective Chemical Labeling and Subsequent Cancer Imaging using Click Chemistry
Authors: Wang Hua , Gauthier Marianne , Kelly Jamie R. , Miller Rita J. , Xu Ming , O'Brien William D. , Cheng Jianjun 
Published: March 2016

AbstractMetabolic sugar labeling followed by the use of reagent‐free click chemistry is an established technique for in vitro cell targeting. However, selective metabolic labeling of the target tissues in vivo remains a challenge to overcome, which has prohibited the use of this technique for targeted in vivo applications. Herein, we report the use of targeted ultrasound pulses to induce the release of tetraacetyl N‐azidoacetylmannosamine (Ac4ManAz) from microbubbles (MBs) and its metabolic expression in the cancer area. Ac4ManAz‐loaded MBs showed great stability under physiological conditions, but rapidly collapsed in the presence of tumor‐localized ultrasound pulses. The released Ac4ManAz from MBs was able to label 4T1 tumor cells with azido groups and significantly improved the tumor accumulation of dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO)‐Cy5 by subsequent click chemistry. We demonstrated for the first time that Ac4ManAz‐loaded MBs coupled with the use of targeted ultrasound could be a simple but powerful tool for in vivo cancer‐selective labeling and targeted cancer therapies.
Isothermal Cyclic Conversion of Methane into Methanol over Copper‐Exchanged Zeolite at Low Temperature
Authors: Tomkins Patrick , Mansouri Ali , Bozbag Selmi E. , Krumeich Frank , Park Min Bum , Alayon Evalyn Mae C. , Ranocchiari Marco , van Bokhoven Jeroen A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDirect partial oxidation of methane into methanol is a cornerstone of catalysis. The stepped conversion of methane into methanol currently involves activation at high temperature and reaction with methane at decreased temperature, which limits applicability of the technique. The first implementation of copper‐containing zeolites in the production of methanol directly from methane is reported, using molecular oxygen under isothermal conditions at 200 °C. Copper‐exchanged zeolite is activated with oxygen, reacts with methane, and is subsequently extracted with steam in a repeated cyclic process. Methanol yield increases with methane pressure, enabling reactivity with less reactive oxidized copper species. It is possible to produce methanol over catalysts that were inactive in prior state of the art systems. Characterization of the activated catalyst at low temperature revealed that the active sites are small clusters of copper, and not necessarily di‐ or tricopper sites, indicating that catalysts can be designed with greater flexibility than formerly proposed.
Synergistic Cocatalytic Effect of Carbon Nanodots and Co3O4 Nanoclusters for the Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation on Hematite
Authors: Zhang Peng , Wang Tuo , Chang Xiaoxia , Zhang Lei , Gong Jinlong 
Published: March 2016

AbstractCocatalysis plays an important role in enhancing the activity of semiconductor photocatalysts for solar water splitting. Compared to a single cocatalyst configuration, a cocatalytic system consisting of multiple components with different functions may realize outstanding enhancement through their interactions, yet limited research has been reported. Herein we describe the synergistic cocatalytic effect between carbon nanodots (CDots) and Co3O4, which promotes the photoelectrochemical water oxidation activity of the Fe2O3 photoanode with a 60 mV cathodically shifted onset potential. The C/Co3O4‐Fe2O3 photoanode exhibits a photocurrent density of 1.48 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode), 78 % higher than that of the bare Fe2O3 photoanode. The slow reaction process on the single CoIII‐OH site of the Co3O4 cocatalyst, oxidizing H2O to H2O2 with two photogenerated holes, could be accelerated by the timely H2O2 oxidation to O2 catalyzed on CDots.
Modulating fcc and hcp Ruthenium on the Surface of Palladium–Copper Alloy through Tunable Lattice Mismatch
Authors: Yao Yancai , He Dong Sheng , Lin Yue , Feng Xiaoqian , Wang Xin , Yin Peiqun , Hong Xun , Zhou Gang , Wu Yuen , Li Yadong 
Published: March 2016

AbstractHerein, we report an epitaxial‐growth‐mediated method to grow face‐centered cubic (fcc) Ru, which is thermodynamically unfavorable in the bulk form, on the surface of Pd–Cu alloy. Induced by the galvanic replacement between Ru and Pd–Cu alloy, a shape transformation from a Pd–Cu@Ru core–shell to a yolk–shell structure was observed during the epitaxial growth. The successful coating of the unconventional crystallographic structure is critically dependent on the moderate lattice mismatch between the fcc Ru overlayer and PdCu3 alloy substrate. Further, both fcc and hexagonal close packed (hcp) Ru can be selectively grown through varying the lattice spacing of the Pd–Cu substrate. The presented findings provide a new synthetic pathway to control the crystallographic structure of metal nanomaterials.
White Graphene undergoes Peroxidase Degradation
Authors: Kurapati Rajendra , Backes Claudia , Ménard‐Moyon Cécilia , Coleman Jonathan N. , Bianco Alberto 
Published: March 2016

AbstractHexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanosheets are emerging as promising 2D materials for different types of applications. However, biodegradation of hBN materials is poorly explored owing to their high chemical inertness and strong oxidation resistance. The assessment of oxidation/biodegradation of hBN is important in developing biomedical tools. Herein, we report the first study on the biodegradability of hBN nanosheets comparing the enzymatic catalysis of two different peroxidases, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and human myeloperoxidase (MPO), with the photo‐Fenton (P.F.) reaction. The results show that degradation of hBN nanosheets is different to that of graphene and graphene oxide, since partial oxidation was found using MPO after 35 h, while HRP failed to degrade hBN up to 60 days. Nearly complete oxidation/degradation was occurred by P.F. reaction in 100 h. These results are helpful in designing advanced conjugates for biomedical uses of hBN.
The synthesis and characteristics of sodium alginate/graphene oxide composite films crosslinked with multivalent cations
Authors: Zheng Haicheng , Yang Jisheng , Han Suya 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTAssociation of a method of the incorporation of graphene oxide (GO) into sodium alginate (Na‐alg) polymer matrix with a method of the use multivalent cations crosslinker was put forward to synthesize novel Na‐alg/GO nanocomposite films. The structures, morphologies, and the properties of Na‐alg/GO films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and tensile tests. The results revealed that the interlayer distance of GO sheets increased from 0.83 nm to 1.08 nm after assembling with Na‐alg, and Na‐alg inserted into GO layers crosslinking with multivalent cations increased the interlayer distance further. Ionic crosslinking significantly enhanced thermal and mechanical properties of Na‐alg/GO nanocomposite films. In particular, Fe3+ led to Na‐alg/GO nanocomposite films of significantly higher tensile strength and modulus than Ca2+ and Ba2+. The excellent thermal and mechanical properties of these novel Na‐alg/GO nanocomposite films may open up applications for Na‐alg films. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43616.
Evaluation of oil production from oil palm empty fruit bunch by oleaginous micro‐organisms
Authors: Ahmad Farah B , Zhang Zhanying , Doherty William OS , O'Hara Ian M 
Published: March 2016

AbstractOil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) is a readily available, lignocellulosic biomass that has potential to be utilized as a carbon substrate for microbial oil production. In order to evaluate the production of microbial oil from EFB, a technical study was performed through the cultivation of oleaginous micro‐organisms (Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Aspergillus oryzae, and Mucor plumbeus) on EFB hydrolyzates. EFB hydrolyzates were prepared through dilute acid pre‐treatment of the biomass, where the liquid fraction of pre‐treatment was detoxified and used as an EFB liquid hydrolyzate (EFBLH). The solid residue was enzymatically hydrolyzed prior to be used as an EFB enzymatic hydrolyzate (EFBEH). The highest oil concentrations were obtained from M. plumbeus (1.9 g/L of oil on EFBLH and 4.7 g/L of oil on EFBEH). In order to evaluate the feasibility of large‐scale microbial oil production, a techno‐economic study was performed based on the oil yields of M. plumbeus per hectare of plantation, followed by the estimation of the feedstock cost for oil production. Other oil palm biomasses (frond and trunk) were also included in this study, as it could potentially improve the economics of large‐scale microbial oil production. Microbial oil from oil palm biomasses was estimated to potentially increase oil production in the palm oil industry up to 25%, at a cheaper feedstock cost. The outcome of this study demonstrates the potential integration of microbial oil production from oil palm biomasses with existing palm oil industry (biodiesel, food and oleochemicals production), that could potentially enhance sustainability and profitability of microbial oil production. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Textile Catalysts—An unconventional approach towards heterogeneous catalysis
Authors: Mayer‐Gall Thomas , Lee Ji‐Woong , Opwis Klaus , List Benjamin , Gutmann Jochen S. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractTextile catalysts are a new approach utilizing immobilization of different classes of catalysts onto textile materials such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyamide. Robust, inexpensive fibrous materials are chosen because they are available in many variations. By a photochemical approach a series of different supported organocatalysts (organotextile catalysts) has been prepared, showing high catalytic activity and good reusability. The aim of this concept article is to present the scope, limits and open questions of our innovative approach. The working principle of the immobilization and its control parameters will be explained and the scope of useable catalysts is shown. Therefore we will show the significant influence of the anchoring group on loading and more importantly on catalyst activity. This concept is also applicable to organometallic catalysts and enzymes. Understanding the different phenomena allows us to develop “textile catalysts” as a new powerful tool for heterogeneous catalysis.
Isomerization of Halogenated Cyclopentene over a NH4F Catalyst
Authors: Zhang Chengping , Hu Ruzhu , Qing Feiyao , Quan Hengdao 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe mechanism of the halogen‐transfer isomerization of halogenated cyclopentene was investigated over a NH4F catalyst in DMF. This catalytic system was to have the unique ability to isomerize halogenated cyclopentene selectively. The process of migration of the F atom in the 3‐position on the C(sp3) atom to the 4‐position on the C(sp3) atom is in chemical equilibrium, whereas the process of migration of the F atom in the 2‐position on the C(sp2) atom to the 3‐position on the C(sp3) atom is not. Therefore, halogenated cyclopentene containing fluorine on either the C(sp3) or C(sp2) atom could be prepared selectively in terms of the NH4F catalyst.
Design of a Prussian Blue Analogue/Carbon Nanotube Thin‐Film Nanocomposite: Tailored Precursor Preparation, Synthesis, Characterization, and Application
Authors: Husmann Samantha , Zarbin Aldo J. G. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractMulti‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) filled with different species of cobalt (metallic cobalt, cobalt oxide) were synthesized by a chemical vapor deposition method through cobaltocene pyrolysis. A systematic study was performed to correlate different experimental conditions with the structure and characteristics of the obtained material. Thin films of Co‐filled CNTs were deposited over conductive substrates through a liquid–liquid interfacial method and were used for cobalt hexacyanoferrate (CoHCFe) electrodeposition by an innovative route in which the Co species encapsulated in the CNTs were employed as reactants. The CNT/CoHCFe films were characterized by different spectroscopic, microscopic, and electrochemical techniques and presented high electrochemical stability in different media. The nanocomposites were applied as both an electrochemical sensor to H2O2 and a cathode for ion batteries and showed limits of detection at approximately 3.7 nmol L−1 and a capacity of 130 mAh g−1 at a current density of 5 A g−1.
A Double‐Clicking Bis‐Azide Fluorogenic Dye for Bioorthogonal Self‐Labeling Peptide Tags
Authors: Demeter Orsolya , Fodor Eszter A. , Kállay Mihály , Mező Gábor , Németh Krisztina , Szabó Pál T. , Kele Péter 
Published: March 2016

AbstractHerein, we give the very first example for the development of a fluorogenic molecular probe that combines the two‐point binding specificity of biarsenical‐based dyes with the robustness of bioorthogonal click‐chemistry. This proof‐of‐principle study reports on the synthesis and fluorogenic characterization of a new, double‐quenched, bis‐azide fluorogenic probe suitable for bioorthogonal two‐point tagging of small peptide tags by double strain‐promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition. The presented probe exhibits remarkable increase in fluorescence intensity when reacted with bis‐cyclooctynylated peptide sequences, which could also serve as possible self‐labeling small peptide tag motifs.
Solvothermally Driven Mn Doping and Clustering of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Heat Delivery Applications
Authors: Otero‐Lorenzo Ruth , Fantechi Elvira , Sangregorio Claudio , Salgueiriño Verónica 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDirect interactions between nanoparticles of Mn‐doped magnetite or maghemite (clearly differentiated by Raman spectroscopy) grouped in spherical clusters minimize the effect related to their characteristic magnetic dead layer at the surface. Hence, the clustering process jointly with the manganese doping renders these ferrite nanostructures very attractive as displaying increased saturation magnetization, offering, consequently, outstanding values of the specific absorption rate (SAR) for heat delivery. The whole picture for bio‐related applications has been considered, with issues related to magnetic manipulation, colloidal stability, and biocompatibility.