bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic Surgical Consent Delivery Via Patient Portal to Improve Perioperative Efficiency
Authors: Trang Karen , Decker Hannah C. , Gonzalez Andrew , Pierce Logan , Shui Amy M. , Melton-Meaux Genevieve B. , Wick Elizabeth C. 
Published: September 2024

ImportanceMany health systems use electronic consent (eConsent) for surgery, but few have used surgical consent functionality in the patient portal (PP). Incorporating the PP into the consent process could potentially improve efficiency by letting patients independently review and sign their eConsent before the day of surgery.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of eConsent delivery via the PP with operational efficiency and patient engagement.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis mixed-methods study consisted of a retrospective quantitative analysis (February 8 to August 8, 2023) and a qualitative analysis of semistructured patient interviews (December 1, 2023, to January 31, 2024) of adult surgical patients in a health system that implemented surgical eConsent. Statistical analysis was performed between September 1, 2023, and June 6, 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPatient demographics, efficiency metrics (first-start case delays), and PP access logs were analyzed from electronic health records. Qualitative outcomes included thematic analysis from semistructured patient interviews.ResultsIn the PP-eligible cohort of 7672 unique patients, 8478 surgical eConsents were generated (median [IQR] age, 58 [43-70] years; 4611 [54.4%] women), of which 5318 (62.7%) were signed on hospital iPads and 3160 (37.3%) through the PP. For all adult patients who signed an eConsent using the PP, patients waited a median (IQR) of 105 (17-528) minutes to view their eConsent after it was electronically pushed to their PP. eConsents signed on the same day of surgery were associated with more first-start delays (odds ratio, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.37-1.83; P &amp;lt; .001). Themes that emerged from patient interviews included having a favorable experience with the PP, openness to eConsent, skimming the consent form, and the importance of the discussion with the surgeon.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that eConsent incorporating PP functionality may reduce surgical delays and staff burden by allowing patients to review and sign before the day of surgery. Most patients spent minimal time engaging with their consent form, emphasizing the importance of surgeon-patient trust and an informed consent discussion. Additional studies are needed to understand patient perceptions of eConsent, PP, and barriers to increased uptake.
Genome-Derived Ampullary Adenocarcinoma Classifier and Postresection Prognostication
Authors: Ecker Brett L. , Seier Kenneth , Eckhoff Austin M. , Tortorello Gabriella N. , Allen Peter J. , Balachandran Vinod P. , Blackburn Nicola , D’Angelica Michael I. , DeMatteo Ronald P. , Blazer Daniel G. , Drebin Jeffrey A. , Fisher William E. , Fortuna Danielle , Gill Anthony J. , Gingras Marie-Claude , Kingham T. Peter , Lee Major K. , Lidsky Michael E. , Nussbaum Daniel P. , Overman Michael J. , Samra Jaswinder S. , Shen Ronglai , Sigel Carlie S. , Soares Kevin C. , Vollmer Charles M. , Wei Alice C. , Zani Sabino , Roses Robert E. , Gonen Mithat , Jarnagin William R. 
Published: September 2024

ImportanceAmpullary adenocarcinoma (AA) is characterized by clinical and genomic heterogeneity. A previously developed genomic classifier defined biologically distinct phenotypes with greater accuracy than standard histologic classification. External validation is needed before routine clinical use.ObjectiveTo test external validity of the prognostic value of the hidden genome classifier of AA.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study took place at 6 international academic institutions. Consecutive patients (n = 192) who underwent curative-intent resection of histologically confirmed AA were included. The data were analyzed from January 2005 through July 2020.ExposuresThe multilevel meta-feature regression model previously trained on a prospectively sequenced cohort of 3411 patients (1001 pancreatic adenocarcinoma, 165 distal bile duct adenocarcinoma, and 2245 colorectal adenocarcinoma) was applied to AA sequencing data to quantify the relative proportions of parental cell of origin.Main Outcome and MeasuresGenomic classification was correlated with immunohistologic subtype (intestinal [INT] or pancreatobiliary [PB]) and with overall survival (OS), using the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsAmong 192 patients with AA (median age, 69.0 [IQR, 60.0-74.0] years and 134 were male [64%]), concordance between immunohistologic and genomic subtypes was 55%. Most INT subtype tumors were categorized into the colorectal genomic subtype (43 of 57 [72.9%]). Of the 114 PB subtype tumors, 29 had a pancreatic genomic profile (25.4%) and 24 had a distal bile duct genomic profile (21.1%). Whereas the standard immunohistologic subtypes were not associated with survival (log rank P = .26), predicted genomic probabilities were correlated with survival probability. Genomic scores with higher colorectal probability were associated with higher survival probability; higher pancreatic and distal bile duct probabilities were associated with lower survival probability.Conclusions and RelevanceThe AA genomic classifier is reproducible with available molecular testing in a diverse international cohort of patients and improves stratification of the divergent clinical outcomes beyond standard immunohistologic classification. These data provide a molecular classification that may be incorporated into clinical trials for prospective validation.
Tractography of sensorimotor pathways in dyskinetic cerebral palsy: Association with motor function
Authors: Caldú Xavier , Reid Lee B. , Pannek Kerstin , Fripp Jurgen , Ballester‐Plané Júlia , Leiva David , Boyd Roslyn N. , Pueyo Roser , Laporta‐Hoyos Olga 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesNeuroimaging studies of dyskinetic cerebral palsy (CP) are scarce and the neuropathological underpinnings are not fully understood. We delineated the corticospinal tract (CST) and cortico‐striatal‐thalamocortical (CSTC) pathways with probabilistic tractography to assess their (1) integrity and (2) association with motor functioning in people with dyskinetic CP.MethodsDiffusion weighted magnetic resonance images were obtained for 33 individuals with dyskinetic CP and 33 controls. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) for the CST and the CSTC pathways were compared between groups. Correlation analyses were performed between tensor metric values and motor function scores of participants with dyskinetic CP as assessed by the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), the Bimanual Fine Motor Function (BFMF), and the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS).ResultsWhite matter integrity in both the CST and the CSTC pathways was reduced in people with dyskinetic CP. The GMFCS, MACS and, less commonly, the BFMF were associated with FA and, particularly, MD in most portions of these pathways.InterpretationThe present study advances our understanding of the involvement of white matter microstructure in sensorimotor pathways and its relationship with motor impairment in people with dyskinetic CP. Our results are consistent with well‐described relationships between upper limb function and white matter integrity in the CST and CSTC pathways in other forms of CP. This knowledge may ultimately help prognosis and therapeutic programmes.
Endogenous tPA levels: A biomarker for discriminating hemorrhagic stroke from ischemic stroke and stroke mimics
Authors: Jauquet Melissa , Gagnepain Pierre , La Porte Estelle , Thiebaut Audrey M. , Rochey Ambre , Legros Helene , Laine Baptiste , Berthelot Marion , Roussel Valerie , Montaner Joan , Casolla Barbara , Vivien Denis , Lemarchand Eloise , Macrez Richard , Roussel Benoit D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveStroke is the leading cause of death and disability. Timely differentiation between ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and stroke mimics is critical for tailored treatment and triage. To accelerate the identification of stroke's subtype, we propose to use the levels of circulating tPA as a biomarker.MethodsBiostroke is an observational study performed at the Caen Hospital. We quantified tPA levels in 110 patients with ischemic strokes, 30 patients with hemorrhagic strokes, and 67 stroke mimic patients upon their arrival at the emergency. Two logistic regression models were formulated: one with parameters measurable in an ambulance (Model A) and one with parameters measurable at the hospital (Model H). These models were both tested with or without plasma tPA measurements. Our initial assessment involved evaluating the effectiveness of both models in distinguishing between hemorrhagic strokes, ischemic strokes, and stroke mimics within our study cohort.ResultsPlasmatic tPA levels exhibit significant distinctions between hemorrhagic, ischemic, and mimic stroke patients (1.8; 2.5; 2.4 ng/mL, respectively). The inclusion of tPA in model A significantly enhances the classification accuracy of hemorrhagic patients only, increasing identification from 0.67 (95% CI, 0.59 to 0.75) to 0.78 (95% CI, 0.7 to 0.85) (p = 0.0098). Similarly, in model H, classification accuracy of hemorrhagic patients significantly increased with the addition of tPA, rising from 0.75 (95% CI, 0.67 to 0.83) without tPA to 0.86 (95% CI, 0.81 to 0.91) with tPA (p = 0.024).InterpretationsOur findings underscore the valuable role of tPA levels in distinguishing between stroke subtypes.
Tailoring Interfacial Dipole Molecules to Mitigate Carrier and Energy Losses in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Deng , Li Yongchun , Li Wenjing , Pan Weichun , Li Ruoshui , Wang Shibo , Liu Fengli , Lan Zhang , Wu Jihuai , Huang Enmin , Guo Xugang , Liu Xuping , Li Qinghua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInterface engineering has become the mainstream for improving the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Interfacial dipole (ID) molecules have emerged as a feasible and effective strategy to alleviate the charge carrier loss and energy loss in PSCs. Here, the three symmetrical donor–acceptor interfacial dipole molecules (named PzT, PzTE, and PzTN) are designed and synthesized with identical hole transport backbone and different anchoring groups. The ID molecule is introduced into the interface between the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer. The dipole moments of ID molecules regulate the surface work function and energy‐level alignment of perovskites, improve charge extraction, and reduce energy loss at the interface. Meanwhile, the anchoring groups of ID molecules coordinate with the defects on the surface of PVK and HTL, reduce interfacial trap state density and charge accumulation, and mitigate the carrier non‐radiative recombination losses. As a result, PzTN‐modified PSC achieved a champion power conversion efficiency of 25.34% with a photovoltage of 1.176 V and a fill factor (FF) of 83.27%, accompanied by almost undetectable hysteresis and excellent operating stability. This research demonstrates a feasible strategy for efficient and stable PSCs by interfacial dipole molecules.
Hierarchically Structured Biodegradable Microspheres Promote Therapeutic Angiogenesis
Authors: Hendow Eseelle K. , Iacoviello Francesco , Casajuana Ester Mar , Pellet‐Many Caroline , Day Richard M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPromoting neovascularization is a prerequisite for many tissue engineering applications and the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Delivery of a pro‐angiogenic stimulus via acellular materials offers several benefits over biological therapies but has been hampered by interaction of the implanted material with the innate immune response. However, macrophages, a key component of the innate immune response, release a plurality of soluble factors that can be harnessed to stimulate neovascularization and restore blood flow to damaged tissue. This study investigates the ability of biodegradable poly(D,L‐lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres to restore tissue perfusion in a hind limb model of ischaemia. Microspheres exhibiting a hierarchical porous structure are associated with an increase in blood flow at day 21 post‐implantation compared with solid microspheres composed of the same polymer. This corresponds with an increase in blood vessel density in the surrounding tissue. In vitro simulation of the foreign body response observed demonstrates M2‐like macrophages incubated with the porous microspheres secreted increased amounts of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) compared with M1‐like macrophages providing a potential mechanism for the increased neovascularization. The results from this study demonstrate implantable biodegradable porous microspheres provide a novel approach for increasing neovascularization that could be exploited for therapeutic applications.
Physical Virtualization of a GFET for a Versatile, High‐Throughput, and Highly Discriminating Detection of Target Gas Molecules at Room Temperature
Authors: Zanotti Michele , Freddi Sonia , Sangaletti Luigi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAn e‐nose is built on a single graphene field effect transistor (GFET), based on a graphene/Si3N4/p‐Si stack of layers. Multichannel data acquisition, enabling to mimic the architecture of a sensor array, is achieved by steering the gate potential, thus yielding a virtual array of 2D chemiresistors on a single sensing layer. This setting allows for the detection of volatile compounds with a remarkable discrimination capability, boosted by intensive machine learning analysis and accuracy maximization through the choice of the number of virtual sensors. Sensing of gas phase NH3 is tested, along with a set of possible interferents, and discrimination of NH3+NO2 mixtures is successfully probed. High throughput in terms of sensitivity is achieved by tracking the shift of the minimum of the GFET transfer curve versus NH3 concentration. With this readout scheme, a 20‐fold sensitivity increase over a 5–50 ppm range is registered to the same layer used as a chemiresistor. High discrimination capability is probed by leveraging machine learning algorithms, from principal component analysis (PCA) to Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (U‐MAP) and, finally, to a Deep Neural Networks (DNN) where input neurons are the virtual sensors created by the gate voltage driving. For the tested case, the DNN maximum accuracy is achieved with 21 virtual sensors.
Gold(III) Catalysis in Ionic Liquids: The Case Study of Coumarin Synthesis
Authors: Ravera Francesco , Martinsen Holmsen Marte Sofie , Sgarbossa Paolo , Bourissou Didier , Biffis Andrea 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWell‐defined (P,C)‐cyclometalated Au(III) complexes proved to be able to catalyze the synthesis of coumarins by intramolecular hydroarylation of a broad range of aryl propiolates under mild and practical conditions (0.1–2 mol% catalyst, 25–40 °C, 1–24 hours). The use of an ionic liquid as reaction solvent allowed to drastically decrease the amount of Brönsted acid used to unlock the catalyst regeneration step. The effect of the nature of the acid additive and of the ionic liquid anion have been assessed. Preliminary results on the extension of this methodology to the cyclization of aryl propargyl ethers are also presented.
Molecular Profiling Defines Three Subtypes of Synovial Sarcoma
Authors: Chen Yi , Su Yanhong , Cao Xiaofang , Siavelis Ioannis , Leo Isabelle Rose , Zeng Jianming , Tsagkozis Panagiotis , Hesla Asle C. , Papakonstantinou Andri , Liu Xiao , Huang Wen‐Kuan , Zhao Binbin , Haglund Cecilia , Ehnman Monika , Johansson Henrik , Lin Yingbo , Lehtiö Janne , Zhang Yifan , Larsson Olle , Li Xuexin , de Flon Felix Haglund 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSynovial Sarcomas (SS) are characterized by the presence of the SS18::SSX fusion gene, which protein product induce chromatin changes through remodeling of the BAF complex. To elucidate the genomic events that drive phenotypic diversity in SS, we performed RNA and targeted DNA sequencing on 91 tumors from 55 patients. Our results were verified by proteomic analysis, public gene expression cohorts and single‐cell RNA sequencing. Transcriptome profiling identified three distinct SS subtypes resembling the known histological subtypes: SS subtype I and was characterized by hyperproliferation, evasion of immune detection and a poor prognosis. SS subtype II and was dominated by a vascular‐stromal component and had a significantly better outcome. SS Subtype III was characterized by biphasic differentiation, increased genomic complexity and immune suppression mediated by checkpoint inhibition, and poor prognosis despite good responses to neoadjuvant therapy. Chromosomal abnormalities were an independent significant risk factor for metastasis. KRT8 was identified as a key component for epithelial differentiation in biphasic tumors, potentially controlled by OVOL1 regulation. Our findings explain the histological grounds for SS classification and indicate that a significantly larger proportion of patients have high risk tumors (corresponding to SS subtype I) than previously believed.
Bio‐Plausible Multimodal Learning with Emerging Neuromorphic Devices
Authors: Sun Haonan , Tian Haoxiang , Hu Yihao , Cui Yi , Chen Xinrui , Xu Minyi , Wang Xianfu , Zhou Tao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMultimodal machine learning, as a prospective advancement in artificial intelligence, endeavors to emulate the brain's multimodal learning abilities with the objective to enhance interactions with humans. However, this approach requires simultaneous processing of diverse types of data, leading to increased model complexity, longer training times, and higher energy consumption. Multimodal neuromorphic devices have the capability to preprocess spatio‐temporal information from various physical signals into unified electrical signals with high information density, thereby enabling more biologically plausible multimodal learning with low complexity and high energy‐efficiency. Here, this work conducts a comparison between the expression of multimodal machine learning and multimodal neuromorphic computing, followed by an overview of the key characteristics associated with multimodal neuromorphic devices. The bio‐plausible operational principles and the multimodal learning abilities of emerging devices are examined, which are classified into heterogeneous and homogeneous multimodal neuromorphic devices. Subsequently, this work provides a detailed description of the multimodal learning capabilities demonstrated by neuromorphic circuits and their respective applications. Finally, this work highlights the limitations and challenges of multimodal neuromorphic computing in order to hopefully provide insight into potential future research directions.
Enhanced Tumor‐Targeted Delivery of Arginine‐Rich Peptides via a Positive Feedback Loop Orchestrated by Piezo1/integrin β1 Signaling Axis
Authors: Ma Minghai , Li Xing , Jing Minxuan , Zhang Pu , Zhang Mengzhao , Wang Lu , Liang Xiao , Jiang Yunzhong , Li Jianpeng , He Jiale , Wang Xinyang , Lin Min , Wang Lei , Fan Jinhai 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPeptide‐based drugs hold great potential for cancer treatment, and their effectiveness is driven by mechanisms on how peptides target cancer cells and escape from potential lysosomal entrapment post‐endocytosis. Yet, the mechanisms remain elusive, which hinder the design of peptide‐based drugs. Here hendeca‐arginine peptides (R11) are synthesized for targeted delivery in bladder carcinoma (BC), investigated the targeting efficiency and elucidated the mechanism of peptide‐based delivery, with the aim of refining the design and efficacy of peptide‐based therapeutics. It is demonstrated that the over‐activated Piezo1/integrin β1 (ITGB1) signaling axis significantly facilitates tumor‐targeted delivery of R11 peptides via macropinocytosis. Furthermore, R11 peptides formed hydrogen bonds with integrin β1, facilitating targeting and penetration into tumor cells. Additionally, R11 peptides protected integrin β1 from lysosome degradation, promoting its recycling from cytoplasm to membrane. Moreover, this findings establish a positive feedback loop wherein R11 peptides activate Piezo1 by increasing membrane fusion, promoting Ca2+ releasing and resulting in enhanced integrin β1‐mediated endocytosis in both orthotopic models and clinical tissues, demonstrating effective tumor‐targeted delivery. Eventually, the Piezo1/integrin β1 signaling axis promoted cellular uptake and transport of peptides, establishing a positive feedback loop, promoting mechanical delivery to cancer and offering possibilities for drug modification in cancer therapy.
Understanding Power‐Law Photoluminescence Decays and Bimolecular Recombination in Lead‐Halide Perovskites
Authors: Yuan Ye , Yan Genghua , Dreessen Chris , Kirchartz Thomas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTransient photoluminescence is a frequently used method in the field of halide perovskite photovoltaics to quantify recombination by determining the characteristic decay time of an exponential decay. This decay time is often considered to be a single value for a certain perovskite film. However, there are many mechanisms that lead to non‐exponential decays. Here, it is shown that photoluminescence decays in many lead‐halide perovskites are non‐exponential and follow a power‐law relation between PL intensity and time that is caused by shallow defects. Decay times therefore vary continuously as a function of time and injection level. In situations where recombination is bimolecular and decays follow a power law, the differential decay time equals the time delay after the laser pulse for long time delays and therefore completely lacks quantitative information about the recombination rate. Quantifying recombination using transient PL measurements, therefore, requires analyzing the lifetime as a function of injection level rather than time. As an alternative to the continuously varying decay time, a bimolecular recombination coefficient can also be determined, which correlates with the photoluminescence quantum efficiency. Finally, the influence of the repetition rate and the background subtraction method on the analysis of power‐law type PL decays is discussed.