bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biocatalysis on the surface of Escherichia coli: melanin pigmentation of the cell exterior
Authors: Gustavsson Martin , Hörnström David , Lundh Susanna , Belotserkovsky Jaroslav , Larsson Gen 
Published: October 2016

AbstractToday, it is considered state-of-the-art to engineer living organisms for various biotechnology applications. Even though this has led to numerous scientific breakthroughs, the enclosed interior of bacterial cells still restricts interactions with enzymes, pathways and products due to the mass-transfer barrier formed by the cell envelope. To promote accessibility, we propose engineering of biocatalytic reactions and subsequent product deposition directly on the bacterial surface. As a proof-of-concept, we used the AIDA autotransporter vehicle for Escherichia coli surface expression of tyrosinase and fully oxidized externally added tyrosine to the biopolymer melanin. This resulted in a color change and creation of a black cell exterior. The capture of ninety percent of a pharmaceutical wastewater pollutant followed by regeneration of the cell bound melanin matrix through a simple pH change, shows the superior function and facilitated processing provided by the surface methodology. The broad adsorption spectrum of melanin could also allow removal of other micropollutants.
The mechanical behavior dependence on the TiB whisker realignment during hot-working in titanium matrix composites
Authors: Ma Fengcang , Liu Ping , Li Wei , Liu Xinkuan , Chen Xiaohong , Zhang Ke , Pan Deng , Lu Weijie 
Published: October 2016

AbstractLow-cost TiB whiskers reinforced titanium matrix composite (TMCs) was fabricated with enhanced mechanical performances using in situ technologies and hot working. Morphologies observation indicates that needle-like TiB whiskers with a hexagonal transverse section grow along the [010] direction due to B27 crystal structure and its growth mechanism. Mechanical properties tests show that the mechanical behavior of the TiB whiskers reinforced TMCs is dependent on the deformation amplitudes applied in hot-working. The improvement in yield strength by hot-working is attributed to the TiB whiskers realignment and the refinement of microstructure. Models are constructed to evaluate the realignment of TiB whisker during deformation and the increase in yield strength of the composite at elevated temperatures. These models clarify the alignment effect of TiB whiskers under various deformation amplitudes applied in hot-workings and reveals the yield strength dependence on TiB whiskers orientation.
Responses of bacterial community structure and denitrifying bacteria in biofilm to submerged macrophytes and nitrate
Authors: Zhang Songhe , Pang Si , Wang Peifang , Wang Chao , Guo Chuan , Addo Felix Gyawu , Li Yi 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSubmerged macrophytes play important roles in constructed wetlands and natural water bodies, as these organisms remove nutrients and provide large surfaces for biofilms, which are beneficial for nitrogen removal, particularly from submerged macrophyte-dominated water columns. However, information on the responses of biofilms to submerged macrophytes and nitrogen molecules is limited. In the present study, bacterial community structure and denitrifiers were investigated in biofilms on the leaves of four submerged macrophytes and artificial plants exposed to two nitrate concentrations. The biofilm cells were evenly distributed on artificial plants but appeared in microcolonies on the surfaces of submerged macrophytes. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in all samples, accounting for 27.3–64.8% of the high-quality bacterial reads, followed by Chloroflexi (3.7–25.4%), Firmicutes (3.0–20.1%), Acidobacteria (2.7–15.7%), Actinobacteria (2.2–8.7%), Bacteroidetes (0.5–9.7%), and Verrucomicrobia (2.4–5.2%). Cluster analysis showed that bacterial community structure can be significantly different on macrophytes versus from those on artificial plants. Redundancy analysis showed that electrical conductivity and nitrate concentration were positively correlated with Shannon index and operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness (log10 transformed) but somewhat negatively correlated with microbial density. The relative abundances of five denitrifying genes were positively correlated with nitrate concentration and electrical conductivity but negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen.
Current controlled switching of impedance in magnetic conductor with tilted anisotropy easy axis and its applications
Authors: Ipatov Mihail , Zhukova Valentina , Zhukov Arkady , Gonzalez Julian 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe present a concept and prototype of a memory element based on current driven magneto-impedance (MI) effect that stores the binary data (0, 1) as the orientation of the magnetization. The magnetization orientation in the surface layer with tilted anisotropy easy axis can be switched controllably between two stable states by applying current pulses of the appropriate sign, and can be detected by sensing the impedance. We demonstrated the functioning of a non-volatile magnetic memory with a read speed performance up to and above 2 GHz. A prototype of a memory element was realized on a short piece of amorphous microwire, as this material exhibits the highest MI effect, and the required anisotropy can be quite easily obtained. Nevertheless, this concept can be extended to other materials and geometries exhibiting MI effect and possessing a required magnetic anisotropy.
NPNT is Expressed by Osteoblasts and Mediates Angiogenesis via the Activation of Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase
Authors: Kuek Vincent , Yang Zhifan , Chim Shek Man , Zhu Sipin , Xu Huazi , Chow Siu To , Tickner Jennifer , Rosen Vicki , Erber Wendy , Li Xiucheng , Qin An , Qian Yu , Xu Jiake 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAngiogenesis plays an important role in bone development and remodeling and is mediated by a plethora of potential angiogenic factors. However, data regarding specific angiogenic factors that are secreted within the bone microenvironment to regulate osteoporosis is lacking. Here, we report that Nephronectin (NPNT), a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) repeat superfamily proteins and a homologue of EGFL6, is expressed in osteoblasts. Intriguingly, the gene expression of NPNT is reduced in the bone of C57BL/6J ovariectomised mice and in osteoporosis patients. In addition, the protein levels of NPNT and CD31 are also found to be reduced in the tibias of OVX mice. Exogenous addition of mouse recombinant NPNT on endothelial cells stimulates migration and tube-like structure formation in vitro. Furthermore, NPNT promotes angiogenesis in an ex vivo fetal mouse metatarsal angiogenesis assay. We show that NPNT stimulates the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) in endothelial cells. Inhibition of ERK1/2 impaired NPNT-induced endothelial cell migration, tube-like structure formation and angiogenesis. Taken together, these results demonstrate that NPNT is a paracrine angiogenic factor and may play a role in pathological osteoporosis. This may lead to new targets for treatment of bone diseases and injuries.
Multiple and diverse structural changes affect the breakpoint regions of polymorphic inversions across the Drosophila genus
Authors: Puerma Eva , Orengo Dorcas J. , Aguadé Montserrat 
Published: October 2016

AbstractChromosomal polymorphism is widespread in the Drosophila genus, with extensive evidence supporting its adaptive character in diverse species. Moreover, inversions are the major contributors to the genus chromosomal evolution. The molecular characterization of a reduced number of polymorphic inversion breakpoints in Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila subobscura supports that their inversions would have mostly originated through a mechanism that generates duplications —staggered double-strand breaks— and has thus the potential to contribute to their adaptive character. There is also evidence for inversion breakpoint reuse at different time scales. Here, we have characterized the breakpoints of two inversions of D. subobscura —O4 and O8— involved in complex arrangements that are frequent in the warm parts of the species distribution area. The duplications detected at their breakpoints are consistent with their origin through the staggered-break mechanism, which further supports it as the prevalent mechanism in D. subobscura. The comparative analysis of inversions breakpoint regions across the Drosophila genus has revealed several genes affected by multiple disruptions due not only to inversions but also to single-gene transpositions and duplications.
Comprehensive analysis of trihelix genes and their expression under biotic and abiotic stresses in Populus trichocarpa
Authors: Wang Zhanchao , Liu Quangang , Wang Hanzeng , Zhang Haizhen , Xu Xuemei , Li Chenghao , Yang Chuanping 
Published: October 2016

AbstractTrihelix genes play important roles in plant growth and development and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we identified 56 full-length trihelix genes in Populus trichocarpa and classified them into five groups. Most genes within a given group had similar gene structures and conserved motifs. The trihelix genes were unequally distributed across 19 different linkage groups. Fifteen paralogous pairs were identified, 14 of which have undergone segmental duplication events. Promoter cis-element analysis indicated that most trihelix genes contain stress- or phytohormone-related cis-elements. The expression profiles of the trihelix genes suggest that they are primarily expressed in leaves and roots. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that members of the trihelix gene family are significantly induced in response to osmotic, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate and pathogen infection. PtrGT10 was identified as a target gene of miR172d, which is involved in the osmotic response. Repression of PtrGT10 could increase reactive oxygen species scavenging ability and decrease cell death. This study provides novel insights into the phylogenetic relationships and functions of the P. trichocarpa trihelix genes, which will aid future functional studies investigating the divergent roles of trihelix genes belonging to other species.
Dual‐loop near‐field antenna for RFID label printer applications
Authors: Bang J.‐H. , Jeong Y.‐S. , Kim C.‐H. , Li S. , Ahn B.‐C. , Choi S.‐G. 
Published: October 2016

A novel dual‐loop near‐field antenna for reliably writing or verifying information on loop‐type UHF radio‐frequency identification (RFID) labels bonded to a roll is presented. A resistor and inductor‐loaded dual‐loop is fed by specially designed coaxial feeding structure. The proposed antenna can reliably write or read information on a label just above its aperture while discriminating labels laterally offset from its aperture by 20 mm.
Source clustering in the Hi-GAL survey determined using a minimum spanning tree method
Authors: Beuret M. , Billot N. , Cambrésy L. , Eden D. J. , Elia D. , Molinari S. , Pezzuto S. , Schisano E. 
Published: October 2016

Aims. The aims are to investigate the clustering of the far-infrared sources from the Herschel infrared Galactic Plane Survey (Hi-GAL) in the Galactic longitude range of −71 to 67 deg. These clumps, and their spatial distribution, are an imprint of the original conditions within a molecular cloud. This will produce a catalogue of over-densities.
Methods. The minimum spanning tree (MST) method was used to identify the over-densities in two dimensions. The catalogue was further refined by folding in heliocentric distances, resulting in more reliable over-densities, which are cluster candidates.
Results. We found 1633 over-densities with more than ten members. Of these, 496 are defined as cluster candidates because of the reliability of the distances, with a further 1137 potential cluster candidates. The spatial distributions of the cluster candidates are different in the first and fourth quadrants, with all clusters following the spiral structure of the Milky Way. The cluster candidates are fractal. The clump mass functions of the clustered and isolated are statistically indistinguishable from each other and are consistent with Kroupa’s initial mass function.
Pathophysiology and Diagnosis of Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Lima Neto Arlindo , Bittar Roseli , Gattas Gabriel , Bor-Seng-Shu Edson , Oliveira Marcelo , Monsanto Rafael , Bittar Luis 
Published: October 2016

Introduction Vertebrobasilar insufficiency is defined as transitory ischemia of the vertebrobasilar circulation. Dizziness, vertigo, headaches, vomit, diplopia, blindness, ataxia, imbalance, and weakness in both sides of the body are the most common symptoms.
Objective To review the literature regarding the three available diagnostic testing in patients with dizziness complaints secondary to vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI): magnetic resonance angiography; transcranial Doppler ultrasound; and vertebrobasilar deprivation testing.
Data Synthesis We selected 28 studies that complied with our selection criteria for appraisal. The most frequent cause of the hemodynamic changes leading to VBI is atherosclerosis. The main clinical symptoms are dizziness, vertigo, headaches, vomit, diplopia, blindness, ataxia, imbalance, and weakness in both sides of the body. Even though arteriography is considered the most important exam to diagnose the disease, the inherent risks of this exam should be taken into consideration. The magnetic resonance angiography has been widely studied and is a good method to identify and localize any occlusions and stenosis in both neck and intracranial great vessels.
Conclusion Each patient with a suspected diagnosis of VBI should be individually evaluated and treated, taking in consideration the pros and cons of each diagnostic testing and treatment option.
The Impact of Tobacco Smoking Upon Chronic/Recurrent Tonsillitis and Post Tonsillectomy Bleeding
Authors: Cinamon Udi , Goldfarb Abraham , Marom Tal 
Published: October 2016

Introduction Smoking has many adverse effects on the oral and pharyngeal mucosa. Outcomes may be developing tonsillar infections and predisposing for post tonsillectomy bleeding (PTB).
Objective The objective of our study was to determine whether smokers have more chronic/recurrent tonsillitis indicating for tonsillectomy or develop more PTB episodes.
Methods We conducted a retrospective study on two groups of adults (age ≥18 years). Cohort 1: Smoking among patients who underwent tonsillectomy for recurrent/chronic tonsillitis. Cohort 2: Smoking among patients requiring control of PTB that were operated primarily for recurrent/chronic tonsillitis. Cohort 1 served as a population-reference for the second. We retrieved the data from medical records.
Results Cohort 1: 206 adults aged 18–50 years (mean 26 ± 7.6). 28% (57 patients) were smokers, versus 24% and 20% in the general population (in the years 2000 and 2010; p = 0.5, p = 0.18, respectively). Cohort 2: 114 adults aged 18–73 years (mean 26 ± 7.6). 43% were smokers, double the incidence in the general population (p = 0.004, p = 0.0004, in 2000 and 2010, respectively), and 1.5 times cohort 1 (p = 0.02). Smoking rates among bleeders on post-operative days 8–10 and later than day 10 were 53% and 60% (p = 0.0005 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Five of ten patients presenting a second PTB were smokers. Timing of re-bleedings was similar to their first PTB and dated similarly as first PTB of the entire group, mean 5.6 days (SD ± 3.2).
Conclusion Smokers may encounter more chronic/recurrent tonsillitis episodes, indicating tonsillectomy and significantly are more prone for PTB. Smoking cessation may perhaps diminish recurrent/chronic tonsillitis. Whether pre-operative abstinence or its length would reduce PTB incidence is yet to be determined.
Neonatal isolation augments social dominance by altering actin dynamics in the medial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Tada Hirobumi , Miyazaki Tomoyuki , Takemoto Kiwamu , Takase Kenkichi , Jitsuki Susumu , Nakajima Waki , Koide Mayu , Yamamoto Naoko , Komiya Kasane , Suyama Kumiko , Sano Akane , Taguchi Akiko , Takahashi Takuya 
Published: October 2016

Significance
Social separation early in life can lead to the development of impaired interpersonal relationships and profound social disorders. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms involved are largely unknown. In a rat model of neonatal isolation, we examined social dominance in juveniles. We further investigated the relationship between actin dynamics and glutamate synaptic AMPA receptor delivery in spines of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of isolated animals. Here, we report that neonatal isolation alters spines in the mPFC by reducing actin dynamics, leading to the decrease of synaptic AMPA receptor delivery and altered social behavior later in life. Our study provides molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the influence of social separation early in life on later social behaviors.
Interval singing links to phenotypic quality in a songbird
Authors: Richner Heinz 
Published: October 2016

Significance
Many animals—insects, fish, frogs, birds, and mammals—sing sequences of pitched melodic tones to communicate with conspecifics. As noted by Pythagoras (AD 1500) and later music theorists, the tonal frequencies of structurally important notes in melodies form small-integer ratios, based on the harmonic series of natural sounds. Here I show for a songbird with a simple two-note song, the great tit, that males with large black ventral ties, which are a signal of social status and reproductive potential, sing intervals with smaller deviations from the predicted small integers than males with small ties. This study illuminates a pathway for the evolution of melodic singing in animals, and perhaps of music in general, where defined intervals are a key feature.
An evolutionary conserved Hexim1 peptide binds to the Cdk9 catalytic site to inhibit P-TEFb
Authors: Kobbi Lydia , Demey-Thomas Emmanuelle , Braye Floriane , Proux Florence , Kolesnikova Olga , Vinh Joelle , Poterszman Arnaud , Bensaude Olivier 
Published: October 2016

Significance
The positive transcription elongation factor (P-TEFb) is required for transcription of most genes by RNA polymerase II. Hexim proteins associated to 7SK, a noncoding RNA, bind to P-TEFb and reversibly inhibit its activity. This transcription factor comprises the kinase Cdk9 and a cyclin T. Using a photoreactive amino acid incorporated into proteins, we provide the first evidence of a direct interaction between Cdk9 and Hexim1, in live cells, in cell extracts and in in vitro assembled complexes. An evolutionary conserved Hexim1 peptide, the “PYNT” sequence, cross-links to the Cdk9 activation segment that controls access to the catalytic cleft. Interference with binding of substrates accounts for kinase inhibition.
Report on NIM-NMC bilateral comparison: SPRT calibration comparison from −190°C to 420°C
Authors: Sun Jianping , Ye Shaochun , Wang Li , Zhang Jintao , Kho Haoyuan 
Published: October 2016

A bilateral comparison of local realization of the International temperature scale of 1990 (ITS-90) between National Institute of Metrology (NIM) and National Metrology Centre (NMC) was carried out over the temperature range from -190°C to 420°C. It involved six fixed points including the argon triple point, the mercury triple point, the triple point of water, the melting point of gallium, the freezing point of tin and the freezing point of zinc. In 2009, NMC asked NIM to participate in a bilateral comparison to link the NMC results to the Consultative Committee for Thermometry Key comparison 3 (CCT-K3) and facilitate the NMC's Calibration and measurement capabilities (CMCs) submission. This comparison was agreed by NIM and Asia Pacific Metrology Programme (APMP) in 2009, and registered in the Key Comparison Database (KCDB) in 2010 as CCT-K3.2. NMC supplied two 25 Ω fused silica sheath standard platinum resistance thermometers (SPRTs) as traveling standards. One of them was used at the Ga, Sn and Zn fixed points, while the other one was used at the Ar and Hg fixed point. NMC measured them before and after NIM measurement. During the comparison, a criterion for the SPRT was set as the stability at the triple point of water to be less than 0.3 mK. The results for both laboratories are summarized. A proposal for linking the NMC's comparison results to CCT-K3 is presented. The difference between NMC and NIM and the difference between NMC and the CCT-K3 Average Reference Value (ARV) using NIM as a link are reported with expanded uncertainties at each measured fixed point.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCT, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Final report on the key comparison of hydrocarbon liquid flow: CCM.FF-K2.2015
Authors: Shimada T , Bittner-Rohrhofer K , López V J Medina , Arias R , Su C -M , Chen I -C , Ribere F , Rowan L , Dignan S 
Published: October 2016

Seven laboratories: BEV (Austria), CENAM (Mexico), CMS (Chinese-Taipei), LNE-TRAPIL (France), NEL (United Kingdom), NMIA (Australia), and the pilot lab NMIJ (Japan), participated in the key comparison CCM.FF-K2.2015 for hydrocarbon flow measurement. A screw type positive displacement flow meter was selected as a transfer standard. The calibration stability of the transfer standard was evaluated from repeated measurements by NMIJ and showed standard reproducibility of 0.0035 %. The transfer standard was also thoroughly tested for sensitivity to temperature, viscosity, pressure, and other effects. The uncertainty due to the transfer standard of 0.0080 % was less than the quoted uncertainties of the participants. The key comparison reference values (KCRVs) at Reynolds number of 70 000 and 300 000 were obtained as the weighted mean from the calibration results, and the KCRV at Reynolds number of 100 000 was obtained as the median by using the Monte Carlo method according to Cox's procedure B, since the consistency check at Reynolds number of 100 000 failed at the 95 % confidence level. All participant results selected to determine the KCRVs have En values which show consistency with the evaluated KCRVs.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
ReconMap: an interactive visualization of human metabolism
Authors: Noronha Alberto , Daníelsdóttir Anna Dröfn , Gawron Piotr , Jóhannsson Freyr , Jónsdóttir Soffía , Jarlsson Sindri , Gunnarsson Jón Pétur , Brynjólfsson Sigurður , Schneider Reinhard , Thiele Ines , Fleming Ronan M T 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Motivation
A genome-scale reconstruction of human metabolism, Recon 2, is available but no interface exists to interactively visualize its content integrated with omics data and simulation results.

Results
We manually drew a comprehensive map, ReconMap 2.0, that is consistent with the content of Recon 2. We present it within a web interface that allows content query, visualization of custom datasets and submission of feedback to manual curators.

Availability and Implementation
ReconMap can be accessed via http://vmh.uni.lu, with network export in a Systems Biology Graphical Notation compliant format released under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. A Constraint-Based Reconstruction and Analysis (COBRA) Toolbox extension to interact with ReconMap is available via https://github.com/opencobra/cobratoolbox.