bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracellular Silica Nanomatrices Promote In Vitro Maturation of Anti‐tumor Dendritic Cells via Activation of Focal Adhesion Kinase
Authors: Tam Sze Wah , Cheung Allen Ka Loon , Qin Ping , Zhang Shiqing , Huang Zhifeng , Yung Ken Kin Lam 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe efficacy of dendritic cell (DC)‐based cancer vaccines is critically determined by the functionalities of in vitro maturated DCs. The maturation of DCs typically relies on chemicals that are cytotoxic or hinder the ability of DCs to efficiently activate the antigen‐specific cytotoxic T‐lymphocytes (CTLs) against tumors. Herein, the maturation chemicals are replaced with extracellular silica nanomatrices, fabricated by glancing angle deposition, to promote in vitro maturation of murine bone marrow‐derived DCs (mBMDCs). The extracellular nanomatrices composed of silica nanozigzags (NZs) enable the generation of mature mBMDCs with upregulated levels of co‐stimulatory molecules, C‐C chemokine receptor type‐7, X‐C motif chemokine recetpor‐1, DC‐specific ICAM‐3 grabbing nonintegrin, and enhanced endocytic capacity. The in vitro maturation is partially governed by focal adhesion kinase (FAK) that is mechanically activated in the curved cell adhesions formed at the DC‐NZ interfaces. The NZ‐maturated mBMDCs can prime the antigen‐specific CTLs into programmed cell death protein‐1 (PD‐1)lowCD44high memory phenotypes in vitro and suppress the growth of tumors in vivo. Meanwhile, the NZ‐mediated beneficial effects are also observed in human monocyte‐derived DCs. This work demonstrates that the silica NZs promote the anti‐tumor capacity of in vitro maturated DCs via the mechanoactivation of FAK, supporting the potential of silica NZs being a promising biomaterial for cancer immunotherapy.
A High‐Rate and Ultrastable Re2Te5/MXene Anode for Potassium Storage Enabled by Amorphous/Crystalline Heterointerface Engineering
Authors: Wu Bangjun , Zhang Yelong , Wang Zhongquan , Wang Zhonghua , Dong Zhen , Zeng Qingguang , Hui Kwun Nam , Liu Zheng , Peng Zhangquan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe pursuit of anode materials capable of rapid and reversible potassium storage performance is a challenging yet fascinating target. Herein, a heterointerface engineering strategy is proposed to prepare a novel superstructure composed of amorphous/crystalline Re2Te5 anchored on MXene substrate (A/C‐Re2Te5/MXene) as an advanced anode for potassium‐ion batteries (KIBs). The A/C‐Re2Te5/MXene anode exhibits outstanding reversible capacity (350.4 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 0.2 A g−1), excellent rate capability (162.5 mAh g−1 at 20 A g−1), remarkable long‐term cycling capability (186.1 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 over 5000 cycles), and reliable operation in flexible full KIBs, outperforming state‐of‐the‐art metal chalcogenides‐based devices. Experimental and theoretical investigations attribute this high performance to the synergistic effect of the A/C‐Re2Te5 with a built‐in electric field and the elastic MXene, enabling improved pseudocapacitive contribution, accelerated charge transfer behavior, and high K+ ion adsorption/diffusion ability. Meanwhile, a combination of intercalation and conversion reactions mechanism is observed within A/C‐Re2Te5/MXene. This work offers a new approach for developing metal tellurides‐ and MXene‐based anodes for achieving stable cyclability and fast‐charging KIBs.
Multi‐Stimuli‐Responsive Carbon Dots with Intrinsic Photochromism and In Situ Radical Afterglow
Authors: Guo Zhenli , Bian Yanfang , Zhang Longyan , Zhang Jingyu , Sun Chengxi , Cui Dongyue , Lv Wenzhen , Zheng Chao , Huang Wei , Chen Runfeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe combination of advanced photoluminescence characteristics to photochromism is highly attractive in preparing high‐performance multifunctional photo‐responsive materials for optoelectronic applications. However, this is rather challenging in material design owing to the limited mechanism understanding and construction principles. Here, an effective strategy to integrate photochromism and afterglow emission in carbon dots (CDs) is proposed through embedding naphthaleneimide (NI) structure in CDs followed by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) encapsulation. The NI‐structured CDs‐PVP shows intrinsic photochromism owing to the in situ formation of NI‐radical anions and controllable multi‐stimuli‐responsive afterglow behaviors related to the oxygen‐trigged triplet exciton quenching and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from the pristine CDs to the photoactivated CDs radicals. Notably, a wide range of appearance colors from colorless to brown, luminescence color transition from blue to yellow, and much elongated afterglow lifetime up to 253 ms are observed. With the extraordinary stimuli‐chromic and stimuli‐luminescent CDs‐PVP film dynamically responsive to multiple external stimuli, reversible secure snapchat, data encryption/decryption and synaptic imaging recognition are realized. These findings demonstrate a fundamental principle to design multi‐stimuli‐responsive photochromic CDs with afterglow, providing important understandings on the synergic mechanism of dynamic photochromism and emission behaviors and thereby expanding their applications in advanced information anti‐counterfeiting and artificial intelligence.
Polymer‐Ion Interaction Prompted Quasi‐Solid Electrolyte for Room‐Temperature High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Fangzheng , Wang Jiayi , Chen Wenyan , Yuan Mingman , Wang Qingrong , Ke Ruohong , Zhang Guangzhao , Chang Jian , Wang Chaoyang , Deng Yonghong , Wang Jun , Shao Minhua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries using quasi‐solid gel electrolytes (QSEs) have gained increasing interest due to their enhanced safety features. However, their commercial viability is hindered by low ionic conductivity and poor solid–solid contact interfaces. In this study, a QSE synthesized by in situ polymerizing methyl methacrylate (MMA) in 1,2–dimethoxyethane (DME)‐based electrolyte is introduced, which exhibits remarkable performance in high‐loading graphite||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) pouch cells. Owing to the unique solvent‐lacking solvation structure, the graphite exfoliation caused by the well‐known solvent co‐intercalation is prohibited, and this unprecedented phenomenon is found to be universal for other graphite‐unfriendly solvents. The high ionic conductivity and great interfacial contact provided by DME enable the quasi‐solid graphite||NCM811 pouch cell to demonstrate superior C‐rate capability even at a high cathode mass loading (17.5 mg cm‐2), surpassing liquid carbonate electrolyte cells. Meanwhile, the optimized QSE based on carbonates exhibits excellent cycle life (92.4% capacity retention after 1700 cycles at 0.5C/0.5C) and reliable safety under harsh conditions. It also outperforms liquid electrolytes in other high‐energy‐density batteries with larger volume change. These findings elucidate the polymer's pivotal role in QSEs, offering new insights for advancing quasi‐solid‐state battery commercialization.
Self‐Rectifying Short‐Term Memory Phenomena Through Integration of TiOx Oxygen Reservoir and Al2O3 Barrier Layers for Neuromorphic System
Authors: Ji Hyeonseung , Kim Sungjoon , Kim Sungjun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this study, a tri‐layer Pt/Al/TiOx/HfOx/Al2O3/Pt memristor device is fabricated and analyze its electrical characteristics for reservoir computing and neuromorphic systems applications. This device incorporates an oxygen reservoir of a TiOx and a barrier layer of an Al2O3, enabling stable bipolar switching characteristics without the need for an electroforming process over 103 cycles. It also exhibits self‐rectifying properties under a negative bias. Based on these characteristics, it is investigated essential synaptic functions such as long‐term potentiation (LTP), long‐term depression (LTD), paired‐pulse facilitation (PPF), spike‐rate‐dependent plasticity (SRDP), spike‐duration‐dependent plasticity (SDDP), spike‐number‐dependent plasticity (SNDP), and spike‐amplitude‐dependent plasticity (SADP), to assess their suitability for neuromorphic applications that mimic biological synapses. Furthermore, utilizing the short‐term memory characteristics of the device, reservoir computing (RC) measurement from [0000] to [1111] in 4‐bit representation is conducted. This capability enables us to achieve a high accuracy of 95.5% in MNIST pattern recognition tasks. Lastly, the natural decay characteristics caused by oxygen ion migration in the device, examining the transition from short‐term to long‐term memory in image memorization tasks is explored. The potential for deployment in high‐density crossbar arrays by calculating the read margin based on the device I–V curve and programming scheme is also evaluated.
Biochemically Programmable Isothermal PCR
Authors: Kim MinGin , Ravisankar Vijay , Hassan Yassin A. , Ugaz Victor M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIsothermal PCR can be performed by imposing a static temperature gradient that continuously circulates reagents through denaturing, annealing, and extension conditions inside a PCR tube. But despite early promise, these systems have yet to demonstrate performance and repeatability sufficient for adoption in validated laboratory tests because the rate‐limiting extension step is inherently short and cannot be increased independently of the other stages in a temperature cycle. Here, a discovery that enables isothermal PCR to be achieved with statistically robust repeatability that meets or exceeds diagnostic assay requirements (false positive/negative rate <8% at 95% confidence) by manipulating the interplay between the DNA replication biochemistry (via the amplicon GC content) and the microscale circulatory flow inside a PCR tube is reported. Surprisingly, optimal performance depends on selecting primer sequences that replicate high GC content amplicons, contradicting established PCR primer design rules. This innovative thermocycling approach accelerates PCR to speeds rivaling ultra‐fast instruments, enabling rapid, repeatable isothermal DNA analysis across a range of targets relevant to diagnostics and pathogen detection.
Evaluating ExpandED: Evaluating the effectiveness of a serious game expansion pack in teaching health professional students about interprofessional care
Authors: Fiala Clare , Ragothaman Sowmithree , Johl Gursukhmani , Sabbineni Monica , Wojkowski Sarah , Chan Teresa M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe emergency department (ED) is a challenging fast‐paced environment with high‐acuity, undifferentiated patients who often require extensive interdisciplinary care. This paper introduces ExpandED, an expansion pack to the serious board game GridlockED, designed to enhance players’ understanding of interprofessional collaboration in the ED and the diverse scope of practice of different ED professionals including physicians, residents, registered nurses, registered practical nurses, social workers, occupational therapists, and physiotherapists. This investigation evaluates the effectiveness of ExpandED as a teaching tool for medical and allied health professions students about interprofessional collaboration in the ED.MethodsA program evaluation harnessing a playtest framework was employed. Participants completed pre‐ and postgame surveys including quantitative measures (e.g., Likert scales) and qualitative free‐text feedback that focused on participant familiarity with ED functioning, valuation of interprofessional collaboration before and after playing, and feedback on game usability and effectiveness.ResultsRecruitment was open to students in all health care and allied health professional programs at the institution. Forty‐five participants were recruited from medical doctor, nursing, physiotherapy, and speech language pathology programs. ExpandED enhances participants' understanding of ED workflow (p < 0.001) and provides an enjoyable playing experience. However, participants’ valuation of interdisciplinary teamwork did not change significantly before and after game play (p = 0.17). Participants expressed satisfaction with the game's accuracy in simulating the ED environment and appreciated the opportunity to collaborate with peers from different disciplines. Challenges reported included some tension among players, potential biases, and limitations of fidelity to a real‐life ED.ConclusionsWhile this study has limitations regarding participant sampling and duration of gameplay sessions, it highlights the potential of ExpandED for teaching interprofessional collaboration in the ED. These findings will guide further development to optimize the expansion pack's effectiveness and its implementation into health care curricula.
Faculty consensus on competitiveness for the new competency‐based emergency medicine standardized letter of evaluation
Authors: Schnapp Benjamin , Sehdev Morgan , Schrepel Caitlin , Bord Sharon , Pelletier‐Bui Alexis , Alvarez Alai , Dubosh Nicole M. , Park Yoon Soo , Shappell Eric 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundEmergency medicine (EM) has introduced a new, competency‐based standardized letter of evaluation (SLOE) template. While a previous version of the SLOE has been shown to promote a high degree of faculty consensus regarding competitiveness, this has not been shown for the new SLOE template.ObjectiveThe objective was to evaluate faculty consensus on competitiveness for the new EM SLOE 2.0.MethodsFifty mock SLOE 2.0 letters using the new template were drafted and sent to a group of experienced EM educators. The 50 letters were ranked by the experienced faculty as well as a point‐based prediction model and a regression model and the results were compared.ResultsFaculty consensus on competitiveness remained strong when using the new SLOE 2.0 format. The points‐based prediction model and regression model both demonstrated a high level of agreement with faculty consensus rankings for the SLOE 2.0.ConclusionsIntroduction of the new, competency‐based SLOE 2.0 format did not have a deleterious effect on faculty consensus rankings of competitiveness.
Ordered 2D RUB‐15 nanosheets with high loading in mixed matrix membranes for H2/CO2 separation
Authors: Yao Zhizhen , Cao Hongyan , Qu Kai , Wang Yixing , Xu Weiyi , Yi Zhiyuan , Li Qing , Huang Kang , Xu Zhi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMixed matrix membranes (MMMs) combining functional fillers with polymer matrices hold promise for high‐efficiency separation. However, it remains a great challenge to enhance the loading to fully harness the capabilities of the fillers. Herein, we introduced RUB‐15 nanosheets as fillers for MMMs to approach parallel alignment of nanosheets within the matrix, thus achieving a high‐loading rate of up to 55 wt% and constructing fast and continuous mass transfer channels. The parallel orientation reduced the occurrence of defects, which played a critical role in enhancing separation. An optimized membrane with a 50 wt% loading rate exhibited exceptional H2/CO2 gas separation performance with H2 permeability of 1934 Barrer and selectivity of 44.5, maintaining a separation factor of 16.7 at 125°C. This study maximizes the performance of porous functional fillers within the membrane by enhancing gas separation capabilities through the ordered alignment of nanosheets and provides valuable insights for future membrane development.
Study on the effect of wet mixing process on the properties of EPDM rubber/fiber/hollow glass microsphere composite system
Authors: Wang Mingchao , Wang Yuan , Chen Xin , Liu Li , Zhang Yetao , Liu Chen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCompared to the traditional open mixing process used for the production of the rubber composites, wet mixing process is a lower shear force mixing method. This article revealed the influence of the open mixing process and the wet mixing process on the microstructure, density, mechanical properties, and ablation performance of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber/fiber/hollow glass microsphere composite system. The results showed that the wet mixing process increased the fiber length by more than 300% compared to the open mixing process, while the fragmentation rate of the hollow glass beads was reduced by 94.4%, these effectively maintained the structural integrity of the fibers and the hollow glass microsphere filler. By using the wet mixing process, the density of EPDM composite materials can be reduced by about 20%, and the tensile strength and ablation resistance of these composites were also significantly improved. Compared to polyimide fiber and aramid fiber short fibers, the wet mixing process of solution‐based rubber had a more significant effect on improving the length and ablation resistance of phenolic fiber and carbon fiber fibers which having poor shear strength.
Polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes co‐blended with amphiphilic polymers and nitrogen‐doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles for anti‐fouling and photocatalysis
Authors: Wang Jikui , Yan Jiani , Ma Deyi , Zou Xinquan , Ma Ruiyang , Bi Bodong , Sheng Yan , Zhang Kaixin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPolyethersulfone (PES) membranes have a high tendency to scale due to their inherent hydrophobicity, which limits their application and increases water treatment costs. To regulate the size of the pores of PES and prevent clogging, different qualities of poly(ethylene glycol)38‐block‐poly(propylene glycol)8 (PEG‐PPG) were introduced and screened for the best ratios. Further introduced synthesized nitrogen‐doped titanium dioxide (N‐TiO2), anti‐fouling and photocatalytic PES ultrafiltration membranes (N‐TiO2@M) were prepared. N‐TiO2@M3 exhibited bovine serum albumin rejection rate of 93.8% and achieved a methylene blue photocatalytic efficiency of 95.3% after 120 min of operation. Furthermore, N‐TiO2@M4 showcased a water contact angle of 41.0°. Notably, the pure water flux of N‐TiO2@M4 surged by 499.3% compared to that of PES membrane. The fouling resistance ratio for membrane flux witnessed an increase from 70.0% to 82.7%, demonstrating the enhanced durability of N‐TiO2@M4. Moreover, the comprehensive analysis for N‐TiO2@M4 revealed a total contamination rate of 40.2%. The irreversible contamination rate of N‐TiO2@M4 after 1 h of ultraviolet light (UV) cleaning was 5.7%, and the irreversible contamination rate after 1 h of visible light irradiation was 6.7%. The method for mixing N‐TiO2 and PEG‐PPG is straightforward and convenient, offering potential for the development of N‐TiO2@M with resistance to pollution and degradation in visible/UV light.
Ionic liquid‐polymeric membranes for CO2 separation: A new perspective on membrane integrity under pressure
Authors: Ferrari Henrique Z. , Polesso Bárbara , Gonzaga João Victor , Bernard Franciele , Dias Guilherme , Einloft Sandra 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMembrane‐based CO2 separation is a promising technology compared to traditional processes, presenting advantages such as superior energy efficiency and reduced operational costs. This study investigates the enhancement of CO₂/N₂ separation performance by incorporating ionic liquid [hmim][Tf₂N] into polysulfone membranes. The membranes were produced with 5, 10, and 20 wt% IL, and their permeability was measured at 25°C under pressures of 1 and 4 bar. Stability tests were also conducted. At 1 bar, the membrane with 20 wt% IL exhibited the highest CO₂ permeability of 342.27 Barrer, while the membrane with 5 wt% IL demonstrated the best ideal selectivity for CO₂/N₂ of 27.87. At 4 bar, the membrane with 5 wt% IL showed the highest ideal selectivity for CO₂/N₂ of 40.81, with a CO₂ permeability of 144.26 Barrer. Leaching tests indicated potential integrity loss in ionic liquid composite polymer membranes at high pressures. Specifically, the CO₂ permeability of the PSF‐[hmim][Tf₂N] 5 wt% membrane increased continuously post‐testing due to IL leaching. However, the performance of the membranes remained stable at lower pressures (1 bar). These findings suggest that the produced membranes achieve higher permeability, CO₂/N₂ selectivity, and CO₂ diffusivity, making them suitable for post‐combustion gas separation applications.
Wormhole Mesoporous Silica Framework with Enhanced Thiol Loading for Improved Hg2+ Sequestration
Authors: Ghosh Sudipta , Mondal Shyamal , Kaur Rajwinder , Mondal Dhananjoy , Daripa Bishnu , Kumar Sinha Prasanta , Chandra Mondal Prakash , Das Sukhen , Dhar Anirban 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThiol‐functionalized mesoporous silica and materials potentially dedicated to diverse applications of composite materials, metal colloids, and metal catalysts, etc. Here, we developed a new synthesis route for 3‐methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (MPTMS) functionalized mesoporous silica (KIT‐6), achieving a 71.5 % enhancement in thiol functionalization on KIT‐6 surfaces. Characterization using XRD, TEM, BET, FTIR, Raman, 29Si NMR, XPS, and ICP‐OES revealed structural and morphological features. XRD, TEM, and BET confirmed the three‐dimensional structural stabilization of mesoporous silica with ~4 nm pore diameter and a surface area of 1451 m2 g−1. FTIR, Raman, and 29Si NMR studies established the mechanism of thiol functionalization, the formation of a new wormhole chain structural framework (WCSF), and stabilization through hydrogen bonding within the mesopores. The 29Si NMR spectra showed characteristic peaks (T3, T2, Q4, Q3) indicating self‐condensed functionalized thiols with siloxane networks. XPS analysis validated enhanced thiol functionalization, indicating a structurally homogeneous WCSF suitable for mercury adsorption. ICP‐OES measured a mercury adsorption capacity of 3199.6 mg g−1 for KIT‐6, with an Hg2+/S ratio of 1.8, corroborated by molecular structure and mechanism analysis. This innovative thiol functionalization approach enhances the efficacy of applications such as extracting Hg2+ from contaminated sources.
Physical education in alternative provision schools: A case of spatial (in)justice?
Authors: Maher Anthony J. , Quarmby Thomas , Hooper Oliver , Wells Victoria , Slavin Lucy 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPhysical education has the potential to achieve the desired outcomes of alternative provision schooling by re‐engaging young people in learning, supporting their social and emotional development and facilitating their reintegration into mainstream schooling. To do so, however, it requires sufficient and appropriate space because, unlike other subjects, its focus on embodied curriculum, embodied pedagogy and embodied learning requires the mind–body–self of young people to move across, within and between space(s). As such, we embrace what Soja (Seeking Spatial Justice, University of Minnesota Press, 2010) termed the ‘spatial turn’ in research and draw on the concept of spatial (in)justice to explore social, economic and environment inequalities in the education and alternative provision landscapes in England. To do so, we gathered empirical evidence via individual interviews with 13 physical education practitioners working in alternative provision schools in England. With the permission of participants, interviews were audio‐recorded and audio transcribed, and the transcripts subjected to reflexive thematic analysis. We discuss spatial injustices in alternative provision physical education through the following themes: (1) accessing space for physical education off‐site; (2) low expectations for appropriate space and making the most of the limited space available for physical education; and (3) weather determining usage of outside space and difficulties gaining external funding for on‐site spaces. We end this article by calling on others to join our efforts to lobby government to ensure that alternative provision settings, new and old, are not exempt from the School Premises Regulations so that a clear, legally binding expectation is created so that sufficient space is provided to teach physical education.