bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Variable Frequency Stimulation Sacral Neuromodulation for Different Genders: A Chinese Multicentric Prospective Clinical Study
Authors: Wang Jipeng , Zhang Zhipeng , Liu Xiaodong , Wang Jiawen , Li Yan , Shi Benkang , Wang Qingwei , Wei Zhongqing , Song Wei , Niu Yuanjie , Meng Lingfeng , Zhang Yaoguang 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimSacral neuromodulation (SNM) is widely recognized as the essential treatment modality for patients suffering from various lower urinary tract disorders, particularly overactive bladder (OAB). This prospective study recruited patients who underwent variable frequency SNM treatment at six Chinese medical centers, aiming to evaluate the gender‐specific effects of this intervention and provide precise guidance on its application for clinical management.MethodsThis prospective study was managed by Beijing Hospital, and six Chinese medical centers participated in this prospective research. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established to screen patients based on the indication for SNM. During the research, all patients were required to record 72‐h voiding diaries, urgency scores, and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores to reflect their disease symptoms. Additionally, subjective questionnaire surveys such as OAB symptom score (OABSS) and quality‐of‐life (Qol) score were recorded to reflect the patients' quality of life and treatment satisfaction.ResultsIn this study, 52 patients (male patients: 25; female patients: 27) with OAB symptoms agreed to undergo variable frequency stimulation SNM therapy and finally convert to Stage II. Regarding the baseline outcomes, no significant differences were observed between the male and female groups. In terms of postoperative indicators, male patients showed a greater improvement in Qol scores compared to their female counterparts (20.06 ± 13.12 vs. 40.83 ± 26.06, p = 0.005). The results from VAS scores indicated that pain remission was more pronounced in male patients than in female patients (0.31 ± 0.87 vs. 1.67 ± 2.16, p = 0.02). Importantly, there was a statistically significant disparity in urinary urgency between males and females (male patients: 1.19 ± 1.56; female patients: 2.17 ± 1.52, p = 0.04).ConclusionsIn our study, we found that variable frequency SNM treatment yielded sex‐specific differences in therapeutic effects, with male patients having a better outcome in some metrics. This suggests that a patient's sex may influence when variable frequency SNM is used, and in the patient's follow‐up.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: ChiCTR2000036677.
Development of the signal‐to‐noise paradox in subseasonal forecasting models: When? Where? Why?
Authors: Garfinkel Chaim I. , Knight Jeff , Taguchi Masakazu , Schwartz Chen , Cohen Judah , Chen Wen , Butler Amy H. , Domeisen Daniela I. V. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSubseasonal forecast models are shown to suffer from the same inconsistency in the signal‐to‐noise ratio evident in climate models. Namely, predictable signals in these models are too weak, yet there is a relatively high level of agreement with observed variability of the atmospheric circulation. The net effect is subseasonal forecast models show higher correlation with observed variability than with their own simulations; that is, the signal‐to‐noise paradox. Also, similar to climate models, this paradox is particularly evident in the North Atlantic sector. The paradox is not evident in week 1 or week 2 forecasts, and hence is limited to subseasonal time‐scales. The paradox appears to be related to an overly fast decay of northern annular mode regimes. Three possible causes of this overly fast decay and for the paradox in the Northern Hemisphere are identified: a too‐fast decay of polar stratospheric signals, overly weak downward coupling from the stratosphere to the surface in some models, and overly weak transient synoptic eddy feedbacks. Though the paradox is clearly evident in the North Atlantic, it is relatively muted in the Southern Hemisphere: southern annular mode regimes persist realistically, the stratospheric signal is well maintained, and eddy feedback is, if anything, too strong and zonal.
Coping with spectral interferences when measuring water stable isotopes of vegetables
Authors: Herbstritt Barbara , Wengeler Lena , Orlowski Natalie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRationaleLaser‐based analyzers are widely used in ecohydrology to analyze plant water isotopic compositions (δ18O and δ2H). The suitability of three different water extraction and isotope equilibration techniques was compared. We examined whether co‐extracted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) affect laser‐based isotope measurements and used the instrument's spectral parameters to post‐correct for interfering VOCs.MethodsCryogenic vacuum extraction, vapor headspace equilibration in bags, and vapor equilibration in situ probes were used to extract liquid water or water vapor for laser‐based isotope analysis (cavity ring‐down spectrometry, CRDS). Isotope data were calibrated by standards for each method separately. Spectral parameters of the instrument, appropriate to identify spectral interferences with MeOH and CH4, were identified and used for post‐correction. Differences between the three methods and between the origins of the vegetables were identified by statistical tests.ResultsVOCs were found in various amounts for the three different methods. They were co‐extracted or co‐equilibrated during the different extraction or equilibration methods. Correlation coefficients of isotope data and “CH4” (spectral parameter) were 0.99 or better; however, slopes for δ18O were similar on different instrument types but different for δ2H. Our correction approach improved results and inter‐comparability of the methods considerably without knowing the chemical composition of the plant sap.ConclusionsAll three methods were sensitive enough to distinguish and resolve differences in natural abundance. Data quality was improved by the “CH4 correction” approach but could probably be optimized by a plant species–specific correction. Standardized tools for contaminant removal or post‐correction applications from manufacturers, in particular for vapor‐mode analysis, are still needed.
An overview of nitrogen‐doped MXenes and their recent developments
Authors: Li Dongsheng , Zheng Xu , Boutinaud Philippe , Hu Yihua , Xiao Sanshui , Xu Jie , Wang Chuanlong , Hou Yidong , He Zhiyu , Huang Wei , Kang Fengwen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMXenes and their derivatives have attracted tremendous attention over the past few decades, and several reviews have already been dedicated to their synthesis, properties, device functionalities, and performances. Nitrogen (i.e., N), as an important non‐metal element, has been widely reported as an external dopant to improve the properties of MXenes. Herein, we review the recent advances of N‐MXenes, with a significant concern on the impact of N‐doping on the structural and photo‐/electrochemical properties of bulk MXenes, and their emerging applications. The different types of recently reported N‐MXenes and the associations between the N‐doping and the structural characteristics (e.g., the change of atomic lattice and the number and type of active sites, as well as the removal of detrimental functional groups) of MXenes are systematically summarized and discussed, with the aim to highlight the resulting improvements in response to the photo‐/electrochemical and electronic stimuli. Applications of the N‐MXenes in the fields of electrochemistry, photo‐/electrocatalysis, and photosensing are then described. Finally, we summarize this review, and disclose our perspectives on the future opportunities of the N‐MXenes and the potential development challenges of this research branch.
Unveiling the Promotion of Fe in Ni3S2 Catalyst on Charge Transfer for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Song Haoyu , Xiong Xiaolu , Gao Jinxiao , Hu Yue , Yang Qun , Zheng Dehua , Hao Jingxuan , Lin Xiao , Zhang Linjuan , Wang Jian‐Qiang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn recent years, catalysts based on transition metal sulfides have garnered extensive attention due to their low cost and excellent electrocatalytic activity in the alkaline oxygen evolution reaction. Here, the preparation of Fe‐doped Ni3S2 via a one‐step hydrothermal approach is reported by utilizing inexpensive transition metals Ni and Fe. In an alkaline medium, Fe–Ni3S2 exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic activity and stability for the OER, and the current density can reach 10 mA cm−2 with an overpotential of 163 mV. In addition, Pt/C||Fe–Ni3S2 is used as the membrane electrode of the anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer, which is capable of providing a current density of 650 mA cm−2 at a cell voltage of 2.0 V, outperforming the benchmark Ir/C. The principle is revealed that the doping of Fe enhances the electrocatalytic water decomposition ability of Ni3S2 by in situ Raman and in situ X‐ray absorption fine structure. The results indicate that the doping of Fe decreases the charge density near Ni atoms, which renders Fe–Ni3S2 more favorable for the adsorption of OH− and the formation of *OO− intermediates. This work puts forward an effective strategy to significantly improve both the alkaline OER activity and stability of low‐cost electrocatalysts.
Steerable Interfacial Assembly of 1D Amyloid‐Like Protein Nanocomposites for Enhanced Nanoherbicide Utilization
Authors: Yu Kai , Chen Liuhao , Zhang Weifeng , Lu Huiling , Jiang Long , Su Wen‐Hao , Pang Huan , Pan Jianming 
Published: September 2024

AbstractConventional herbicide formulations suffer from serious problems such as easy drift, run‐off and scouring into the environment, which pose enormous threats to human health and environmental safety. Herein, an innovative strategy is proposed to prepare oil‐in‐water nanoemulsions with long‐term stability, enhanced droplet deposition, and improved nanoherbicide adhesion via steerable interfacial assembly of 1D amyloid‐like protein nanocomposites. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) undergoes rapid amyloid‐like aggregation upon reduction of its disulfide bond. The resulting phase‐transitioned BSA (PTB) oligomers instantly self‐assemble on the surface of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) to form the 1D PTB/CNF nanocomposites, which greatly expands the parameter space for interfacial assembly of amyloid‐like proteins. The PTB/CNF nanocomposites exhibit excellent interfacial activity, enabling spontaneous adsorption at the oil‐water interface to stabilize nanoemulsion. The excess PTB/CNF nanocomposites would also self‐assemble at the air‐aqueous interface upon spraying, resulting in efficient droplet deposition on (super)hydrophobic leaves. The deposited nanoherbicides show excellent resistance to wind/rain corrosion due to the robust amyloid‐mediated adhesion, with a retention rate of more than 80% after severe scouring. Consequently, herbicide applications can be reduced by at least 30% compared to commercial emulsifiable concentrates, showing greater herbicidal efficiency. This study provides novel insights and approaches to promote sustainable agricultural development.
Facultative Parthenogenesis in a Zoo‐Held Northern Water Snake, Nerodia sipedon
Authors: Booth Warren , Levine Brenna A. , Berg Craig S. , Schuett Gordon W. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTOver the past several decades, facultative parthenogenesis (FP)—the ability of a sexually reproducing species to reproduce asexually—in vertebrates has been removed from the realm of obscurity and placed firmly in a position where it warrants focused scientific attention. Likely fueled by increased recognition of the trait, the availability of molecular tools capable of disentangling FP from long‐term sperm storage, and the availability of potential cases originating from both zoological and private collections, a wealth of papers has been published revealing the diversity of vertebrate systems in which FP occurs. Specifically, cases have been reported in squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes), crocodiles, birds, and elasmobranch fishes (sharks, rays, and skates). Nonetheless, gaps remain in species documentation, and it is important to analyze and report on new cases. In this paper, we provide a DNA–based analysis confirming FP in a zoo‐maintained northern water snake, Nerodia sipedon, a viviparous natricine species that is common and widely distributed in North America. Additionally, we provide information on the sexual development and health of the male parthenogen. Encouragingly, zoological institutions, aquaria, university laboratories, and private collections continue to be rich sources for the further study and documentation of FP in vertebrate species, advancing our understanding of this reproductive trait.
Regularity of Unipotent Elements in Total Positivity
Authors: Chen Haiyu , Xie Kaitao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLet G be a connected reductive group split over $$\mathbb R$$
R
. We show that every unipotent element in the totally nonnegative monoid of G is regular in some Levi subgroups, confirming a conjecture of Lusztig.
Selected physical and mechanical properties of particleboards manufactured with addition of Betula bark post-extraction residues
Authors: Maksymiuk Gabriela , Jeżo Aleksandra , Rižikovs Jānis 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs awareness grows regarding the necessity for sustainable technologies across various industries, including wood-based composites, there’s a heightened demand for ecological solutions. One of the proposed solutions is the partial replacement of wood raw materials in composites with forestry and agricultural waste, thus contributing to the circular economy. Suberin, which is a natural polyester present in tree bark, after depolymerization can be converted into suberinic acids, and after this process, post-extraction solid residues (SAR suberinic acid residues) remain, which include suberin monomers, lignin, cellulose and esters. In this study, it was decided to use this waste in the form of a powder with dimensions of 0.250 mesh as a filler for particleboards. Three-layer boards were prepared in four variants of SAR share in all layers (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%). The physical and mechanical properties of the manufactured boards were tested—modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, internal bond strength, screw withdrawal resistance, thickness swelling, water absorption, density profile, contact angle. The formaldehyde and total volatile compounds emissions of the boards were also determined. As a result of the research, it was shown that the addition of SAR has a positive effect on the properties of the panels, but only up to the level of 10%, whereas for boards with a SAR content of 15%, a statistically significant decrease in mechanical and physical properties was noted. The values ​obtained, however, were still within the required assumptions of the European Standards. Only the IB value obtained for the SAR 15% variant did not meet the requirements of the EU Standards. As shown, SAR addition significantly minimizes the emissions from boards, however, it decreases also the hydrophobicity. This study shows a great potential in applying post-extraction residues from bark as a filler material for wood-based panels.
MRI-based prediction of the need for wide resection margins in patients with single hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yanshu , Qu Yali , Yang Chongtu , Wu Yuanan , Wei Hong , Qin Yun , Yang Jie , Zheng Tianying , Chen Jie , Cannella Roberto , Vernuccio Federica , Ronot Maxime , Chen Weixia , Song Bin , Jiang Hanyu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To develop an MRI-based score that enables individualized predictions of the survival benefit of wide over narrow resection margins.

Materials and methods
This single-center retrospective study (December 2011 to May 2022) included consecutive patients who underwent curative-intent resection for single Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) 0/A HCC and preoperative contrast-enhanced MRI. In patients with narrow resection margins, preoperative demographic, laboratory, and MRI variables independently associated with early recurrence-free survival (RFS) were identified using Cox regression analyses, which were employed to develop a predictive score (named “MARGIN”). Survival outcomes were compared between wide and narrow resection margins in a propensity-score matched cohort for the score-stratified low- and high-risk groups, respectively.

Results
Four hundred nineteen patients (median age, 54 years; 361 men) were included, 282 (67.3%) undergoing narrow resection margins. In patients with narrow resection margins, age, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) > 400 ng/mL, protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) > 200 mAU/mL, radiological involvement of liver capsule, and infiltrative appearance were associated with early RFS (p values, 0.002–0.04) and formed the MARGIN score with a testing dataset C-index of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.65–0.84). In the matched cohort, wide resection margin was associated with improved early RFS rate for the high-risk group (MARGIN score ≥ − 1.3; 71.1% vs 41.0%; p = 0.02), but not for the low-risk group (MARGIN score < − 1.3; 79.7% vs 76.1%; p = 0.36).

Conclusion
In patients with single BCLC 0/A HCC, the MARGIN score may serve as promising decision-making to indicate the need for wide resection margins.

Clinical relevance statement
The MARGIN score has the potential to identify patients who would benefit more from wide resection margins than narrow resection margins, improving the postoperative survival of patients with single BCLC 0/A hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Key Points

Age, AFP, PIVKA-II, radiological involvement of liver capsule, and infiltrative appearance were associated with early RFS and formed the MARGIN score.

The MARGIN score achieved a testing dataset C-index of 0.75.

Wide resection margins were associated with improved early RFS for the high-risk group, but not for the low-risk group.

Graphical Abstract
Exploring first-degree family history in a cohort of Portuguese Alzheimer’s disease patients: population evidence for X-chromosome linked and recessive inheritance of risk factors
Authors: Tábuas-Pereira Miguel , Bernardes Catarina , Durães João , Lima Marisa , Nogueira Ana Rita , Saraiva Jorge , Tábuas Teresa , Coelho Mariana , Paquette Kimberly , Westra Kaitlyn , Kun-Rodrigues Célia , Almeida Maria Rosário , Baldeiras Inês , Brás José , Guerreiro Rita , Santana Isabel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) heritability is estimated to be around 70–80%. Yet, much of it remains to be explained. Studying transmission patterns may help in understanding other factors contributing to the development of AD.

Objective
In this study, we aimed to search for evidence of autosomal recessive or X- and Y-linked inheritance of risk factors in a large cohort of Portuguese AD patients.

Methods
We collected family history from patients with AD and cognitively healthy controls over 75 years of age. We compared the proportions of maternal and paternal history in male and female patients and controls (to search for evidence of X-linked and Y-linked inherited risk factors). We compared the risk of developing AD depending on parents’ birthplace (same vs. different), as a proxy of remote consanguinity. We performed linear regressions to study the association of these variables with different endophenotypes.

Results
We included 3090 participants, 2183 cognitively healthy controls and 907 patients with AD. Men whose mother had dementia have increased odds of developing AD comparing to women whose mother had dementia. In female patients with a CSF biomarker-supported diagnosis of AD, paternal history of dementia is associated with increased CSF phosphorylated Tau levels. People whose parents are from the same town have higher risk of dementia. In multivariate analysis, this proxy is associated with a lower age of onset and higher CSF phosphorylated tau.

Conclusions
Our study gives evidence supporting an increased risk of developing AD associated with an X-linked inheritance pattern and remote consanguinity.
Baseline characteristics of children in the Early Glasses Study
Authors: Steltman J. S. , Nordmann M. , Sanders D. , Asjes-Tydeman W. L. , Dehpoor T. , Tissen I. , van Ommen R. , Wiersma-Hartman C. , van Keulen M. M. , Bakker D. , Loudon S. E. , Simonsz H. J. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The relationship between refractive error at age 1 and the risk of developing amblyopia or accommodative esotropia, and the protection offered by early glasses, is unknown. These are determined in the Early Glasses Study, a prospective, population-based, longitudinal, randomized controlled study. We report baseline findings.

Methods
Healthy children aged 12–18 months were recruited at Children’s Healthcare Centres (CHCs) and received an entry orthoptic examination followed by cycloplegic retinoscopy. Children with amblyopia, strabismus, ophthalmic disease or very high refractive error were excluded. Those exceeding the AAPOS 2003 Criteria (> + 3.5D spherical equivalent (SE), > 1.5D astigmatism, > 1.5D anisometropia) were randomized into wearing glasses or not, and are followed-up by research orthoptists. Other children are followed-up by regular vision screening at CHCs and visual acuity is measured in all children at age 4.

Results
Parents of 865 children were called, 123 were excluded. Of 742 children enrolled, 601 underwent the entry orthoptic examination at age 14.5 ± 1.7 months. Mean SE was + 1.73 ± 1.18D, astigmatism -0.70 ± 0.44D, anisometropia 0.21D (IQR: 0–0.25). Of 62 (10.3%) children exceeding the Criteria, 52 were randomized into wearing glasses or not. Of 539 other children, 522 are followed up at CHCs. In total, 31 were excluded: 2 had strabismus and amblyopia, 7 strabismus, 2 amblyopia suspect, 1 strabismus suspect, 1 squinting during sinusitis, 4 excessive refractive error, 9 myopia, 2 ptosis, 1 oculomotor apraxia, 1 Duane syndrome, 1 congenital nystagmus.

Conclusion
Prevalence of strabismus (10/601) was as expected, but prevalence of amblyopia (2/601) was low, suggesting that common amblyopia develops later than generally thought.

Key messages

What is known

High refractive errors cause amblyopia, but no study has determined the exact relationship between the kind and size of refractive error at age 1 and the risk to develop amblyopia, and assessed the protective effect of glasses in a controlled, population-based, longitudinal study.

What is new

At baseline, 601 children received a full orthoptic examination followed by retinoscopy in cycloplegia at the age of 14.5 ± 1.7 months; 10.3% had high refractive error exceeding spherical equivalent > + 3.5D, > 1.5D astigmatism, > 1D oblique astigmatism or > 1.5D anisometropia.

The prevalence of amblyopia was lower (0.3%) than expected, suggesting that most amblyopia develops after the first year of life.

The prevalence of anisometropia, associated with amblyopia in older children, was low (0.8%).