bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Q‐Learning Based Adaptive Kalman Filtering With Adaptive Window Length
Authors: Tang Kun , Luan Xiaoli , Ding Feng , Liu Fei 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn this article, we propose an adaptive Kalman filtering with adaptive window length based on Q‐learning for dynamic systems with unknown model information. The iteration step length of the Q‐function is quantitatively adjusted through the influence function. The adaptive Kalman filtering algorithm is used to set an appropriate weight matrix for the Q‐function to estimate unknown model parameters. One numerical example and a practice‐oriented case are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. It is shown that this filtering can provide state estimates of best accuracy among all the compared methods when the model mismatch and noise statistical characteristics change.
Impact of Senescent Cell‐Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Innate Immune Cell Function
Authors: Chen Yung‐Yi , Sullivan Jack , Hanley Shaun , Price Joshua , Tariq Mohammad A. , McIlvenna Luke C. , Whitham Martin , Sharma‐Oates Archana , Harrison Paul , Lord Janet M. , Hazeldine Jon 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are components of the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that influence cellular functions via their cargo. Here, the interaction between EVs derived from senescent (SEVs) and non‐senescent (N‐SEVs) fibroblasts and the immune system is investigated. Via endocytosis, SEVs are phagocytosed by monocytes, neutrophils, and B cells. Studies with the monocytic THP‐1 cell line find that pretreatment with SEVs results in a 32% (p < 0.0001) and 66% (p < 0.0001) increase in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) production when compared to vehicle control or N‐SEVs respectively. Interestingly, relative to vehicle control, THP‐1 cells exposed to N‐SEVs exhibit a 20% decrease in TNF‐α secretion (p < 0.05). RNA sequencing reveals significant differences in gene expression in THP‐1 cells treated with SEVs or N‐SEVs, with vesicle‐mediated transport and cell cycle regulation pathways featuring predominantly with N‐SEV treatment, while pathways relating to SLITS/ROBO signaling, cell metabolism, and cell cycle regulation are enriched in THP‐1 cells treated with SEVs. Proteomic analysis also reveals significant differences between SEV and N‐SEV cargo. These results demonstrate that phagocytes and B cells uptake SEVs and drive monocytes toward a more proinflammatory phenotype upon LPS stimulation. SEVs may therefore contribute to the more proinflammatory immune response seen with aging.
Strategic Defect Engineering Enabled Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Reconstructed Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Zhang Yin‐Qiang , Liu Ming , Zhang Le‐Tian , Lu Nan , Wang Xuemin , Li Zhi‐Gang , Zhang Xing‐Hao , Li Na , Bu Xian‐He 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising pre‐catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to their marvelous structural reconstruction process in strongly alkaline media. However, targeting design MOF structures to achieve excellent OER performance of reconstructed products is a challenge. Here, a strategic defect engineering is used to promote the OER performance of reconstructed products. Briefly, modified linkers with monocarboxylic acids (ferrocene carboxylic acid, FcCA) are incorporated into MOF (NiBDC‐FcCA), leading to its stepwise reconstruction into Fe‐doped Ni(OH)2 and NiOOH during the OER process, with the oxygen vacancy and strategic doping of metal Fe persisting throughout the multi‐step reconstruction. Benefiting from the synergistic interaction of oxygen vacancies and Fe doping, NiBDC‐FcCA delivers the extremely enhanced current density at 1.6 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode by ≈9 times compared with that of NiBDC. Moreover, the optimized NiBDC‐FcCA/Fe foam exhibits excellent OER catalytic activity and stability with a low overpotential of 250 mV at 200 mA cm−2 and negligible activity decay after 1200 h at 1 A cm−2. Density function theory calculations reveal that Fe doping weakens the interaction of oxygen intermediate with Ni sites, favoring the formation of OOH* to accelerate the OER process.
In Situ Crystallized Ceria‐Vesicle Nanohybrid Therapeutic for Effective Treatment of Inflammatory Intraocular Disease
Authors: Zhao Jiawei , Wang Yingjie , Zhang Yiquan , Guo Xinyu , Bao Han , Tao Yong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPosterior uveitis is a leading cause of vision impairment and blindness globally due to its detrimental effects on the choroid and retina. The condition is worsened by oxidative stress, which heightens inflammation and perpetuates a cycle of damage that current treatments only temporarily relieve. To address this, a novel treatment involving the in situ crystallization of ultrasmall cerium oxide nanoparticles (≈3 nm) on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) extracellular vesicles (EVs) for the management of primed mycobacterial uveitis (PMU) is developed. This nanohybrid leverages the individual and synergistic effects of its components for a comprehensive therapeutic approach. The cerium oxide nanoparticles act as a nanozyme to reduce inflammation and scavenge excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), while the MSC EVs, with their biocompatibility, modulate inflammatory cell infiltration and alleviate tissue damage. This synergistic system offers a promising new treatment strategy for ocular diseases characterized by oxidative stress and inflammation.
Next‐Generation Approaches for Biomedical Materials Evaluation: Microfluidics and Organ‐on‐a‐Chip Technologies
Authors: Li Yuxuan , Sun Ke , Shao Yi , Wang Cheng , Xue Feng , Chu Chenglin , Gu Zhongze , Chen Zaozao , Bai Jing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBiological evaluation of biomedical materials faces constraints imposed by the limitations of traditional in vitro and animal experiments. Currently, miniaturized and biomimetic microfluidic technologies and organ‐on‐chip systems have garnered widespread attention in the field of drug development. However, their exploration in the context of biomedical material evaluation and medical device development remains relatively limited. In this review, a summary of existing biological evaluation methods, highlighting their respective advantages and drawbacks is provided. The application of microfluidic technologies in the evaluation of biomedical materials, emphasizing the potential of organ‐on‐chip systems as highly biomimetic in vitro models in material evaluation is then focused. Finally, the challenges and opportunities associated with utilizing organ‐on‐chip systems to evaluate biomedical materials in the field of material evaluation are discussed. In conclusion, the integration of advanced microfluidic technologies and organ‐on‐chip systems presents a potential paradigm shift in the biological assessment of biomedical materials, offering the prospective of more accurate and predictive in vitro models in the development of medical devices.
Inflammation‐Targeted Biomimetic Nano‐Decoys via Inhibiting the Infiltration of Immune Cells and Effectively Delivering Glucocorticoids for Enhanced Multiple Sclerosis Treatment
Authors: Yang Yiling , Zhao Yuzhen , Liu Huixian , Wu Xinyun , Guo Mingming , Xie Li , Wang Guangsheng , Shi Jinjin , Yu Wenyan , Dong Gang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExcessive infiltration of neutrophil and inflammatory cytokines accumulation as well as the inadequate delivery of drugs to the targeted site are key pathological cascades in multiple sclerosis (MS). Herein, inflammation‐targeting biomimetic nano‐decoys (TFMN) is developed that inhibit the infiltration of immune cells and effectively deliver glucocorticoids to lesions for enhanced MS treatment. Nano‐decoys encapsulated with the glucocorticoid methylprednisolone (MPS) are prepared by coating neutrophil membrane (NM) on nanoparticles formed by the self‐assembly of tannic acid and poloxamer188/pluronic68. Benefiting from the natural inflammation‐targeting ability of activated neutrophil membranes, TFMN can target the lesion site and prevent neutrophils infiltration by adsorbing and neutralizing elevated neutrophil‐related cytokines, subsequently modulating the inflammatory microenvironment in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice. TFMN exhibits a strong antioxidant capacity and scavenged excessive reactive oxygen species to enhance neuronal protection. Furthermore, at the inflammation site, perforin, discharged by cytotoxic T‐lymphocytes, triggered the controlled release of MPS within the TFMN through perforin‐formed pores in the NM. Simultaneously, this mechanism protected neurons from perforin‐induced toxicity. The MPS liberated at the targeted site achieves optimal drug accumulation, thereby enhancing therapeutic efficacy. In conclusion, the innovative system shows potential for integrating various therapeutic agents, offering a novel strategy for CNS disorders.
“Osteo‐Organogenesis Niche” Hyaluronic Acid Engineered Materials Directing Re‐Osteo‐Organogenesis via Manipulating Macrophage CD44‐MAPK/ERK‐ETV1/5‐MRC1 Axis
Authors: Han Zongpu , Lin Yixiong , Guo Xinyu , Xu Jieyun , Gao Xiaomeng , Yang Ruihan , Zhao Yuan , Gui Mixiao , Zhang Linjun , Guo Yuanlong , Chen Zetao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe strategy of re‐organogenesis provides an optimal framework for restoring complex organ structures and functions in adult damage. While the focus has often been on restoring organogenesis stem cells, there is limited investigations of reverting the environmental niche to support this approach. The guiding principle of “Nature selects the fittest to survive” drives the intricate dynamic changes in cellular events within the niche environment, especially through immune surveillance. The extracellular matrix (ECM) serves as the “self‐associated molecular patterns” of the niche, containing extensive data on cell‐niche reaction data and acting as the active tuner of immune surveillance. In this study, hyaluronic acid (HA) is identified as a unique component of the ECM in cranial osteo‐organogenesis. Mechanistically, HA activates the Cluster of Differentiation 44 (CD44)‐Mitogen‐Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK)/Extracellular Signal‐Regulated Kinase (ERK)‐Ets Variant 1/5 (ETV1/5)‐ Mannose Receptor C‐Type 1 (MRC1) axis in macrophages, establishing a distinct immune surveillance during osteo‐organogenesis. Furthermore, HA is utilized as a novel engineered material for an “Osteo‐organogenesis niche”, restoring immune surveillance and synergistically regulating stem cells to achieve re‐osteo‐organogenesis in cranial defects of rats. Taken together, the study unveils a previously unknown strategy for leveraging re‐organogenesis by utilizing “organogenesis niche” ECM engineered materials to manipulate immune surveillance, thereby comprehensively regulating stem cells and other tissue cells effectively for re‐organogenesis.
Enhanced Tumor Immunotherapy by Triple Amplification Effects of Nanomedicine on the STING Signaling Pathway in Dendritic Cells
Authors: Wang Xiang‐Yu , Yan Yi , Guo Xiao‐Ru , Lu An , Jiang Lin‐Xia , Zhu Yuan‐Jun , Shi Yu‐Jie , Liu Xiao‐Yan , Wang Jian‐Cheng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInsufficient activation of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway in tumor‐associated dendritic cells limits the efficiency of tumor immunotherapy. Herein, the “three‐in‐one” IAHA‐LaP/siPTPN6 NPs containing lanthanum ions (La3+), cGAMP, and PTPN6 siRNA are developed for triple amplification of the STING pathway. In vitro results demonstrate that La3+ significantly promotes cGAMP‐mediated activation of the STING pathway by enhancing the phosphorylation of STING, TBK1, IRF3, and NF‐κB p65. Moreover, the IAHA‐LaP/siPTPN6 NPs further significantly enhance the phosphorylation of STING and NF‐κB p65 and augment K63‐linked ubiquitination of STING protein via siPTPN6‐mediated downregulation of SHP‐1 protein. Furthermore, NPs improve the secretion of IFNβ (2.4‐fold), IL‐6 (1.5‐fold), and TNF‐α (1.4‐fold), thereby promoting DCs maturation compared to the mixture of La3+ and cGAMP. In vivo results show that the IAHA‐LaP/siPTPN6 NPs remarkably inhibit primary tumor growth by increasing the percentage of mature DCs in tumor‐draining lymph nodes, polarizing M2/M1 phenotype in TME, and promoting the infiltration of CD8+T cells into tumors. Moreover, these NPs dramatically prevent the growth of distal tumor by inducing systemic anti‐tumor immunity and generating a long‐term anti‐tumor memory for protection against tumor recurrence in mice bearing bilateral B16F10. These IAHA‐LaP/siPTPN6 NPs may offer a promising platform for robust anti‐tumor immune responses.
Netrin1‐Enriched Exosomes From Genetically Modified ADSCs as a Novel Treatment for Diabetic Limb Ischemia
Authors: Jiang Yihong , Hu Jiateng , Cui Chaoyi , Peng Zhaoxi , Yang Sen , Lei Jiahao , Li Bo , Yang Xinrui , Qin Jinbao , Yin Minyi , Liu Xiaobing , Ye Kaichuang , Xu Zhijue , Zhang Xing , Lu Xinwu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDiabetic limb ischemia (DLI) is a frequent complication of diabetes and the leading cause of non‐traumatic amputation. Traditional treatments like stent placement and bypass surgery may not suit all patients. Exosome transplantation has emerged as a promising therapy. Netrin1, a protective cardiovascular factor, has an unclear role in DLI. This study investigates the role of Netrin1 in DLI patients and evaluates the therapeutic potential of exosomes derived from Netrin1‐overexpressing adipose‐derived stem cells (N‐ADSCs). The expression of Netrin1 is significantly decreased in both endothelial cells and serum of DLI patients, highlighting its potential as a biomarker or therapeutic target. In vitro, Netrin1‐enriched exosomes (N‐Exos) promoted human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation, migration, tube formation, and increased resistance to apoptosis under high glucose conditions. These protective effects are mediated through PI3K/AKT/eNOS and MEK/ERK pathways, and N‐Exos further facilitated macrophage polarization from M1 to M2. In vivo, N‐Exos demonstrates superior therapeutic effects over ADSC exosomes (Exos), including enhanced angiogenesis, improved collateral artery remodeling, reduced inflammation, and muscle protection. Collectively, these findings identify Netrin1 as a critical factor in DLI and underscore its significance in disease progression and therapeutic strategies. N‐Exos offers a promising non‐cellular therapeutic approach for the treatment of DLI.
Solid Additive Engineering for Next‐generation Organic Photovoltaics
Authors: Hu Dingqin , Tang Hua , Chen Chen , Lee Duu‐Jong , Lu Shirong , Li Gang , Hsu Hsien‐Yi , Laquai Frédéric 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSolution‐processed bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs) have emerged as a promising next‐generation photovoltaic technology. In this emerging field, there is a growing trend of employing solid additives (SAs) to fine‐tune the BHJ morphology and unlock the full potential of OSCs. SA engineering offers several significant benefits for commercialization, including the ability to i) control film‐forming kinetics to expedite high‐throughput fabrication, ii) leverage weak noncovalent interactions between SA and BHJ materials to enhance the efficiency and stability of OSCs, and iii) simplify procedures to facilitate cost‐effective production and scaling‐up. These features make SA engineering a key catalyst for accelerating the development of OSCs. Recent breakthroughs have shown that SA engineering can achieve an efficiency of 19.67% in single‐junction OSCs, demonstrating its effectiveness in promoting the commercialization of organic photovoltaic devices. This review provides a comprehensive overview of significant breakthroughs and pivotal contributions of emerging SAs, focusing on their roles in governing film‐forming dynamics, stabilizing phase separation, and addressing other crucial aspects. The rationale and design rules for SAs in highly efficient and stable OSCs are also discussed. Finally, the remaining challenges are summarized, and perspectives on future advances in SA engineering are offered.
Ultrahigh Elastic Energy Storage in Nanocrystalline Alloys with Martensite Nanodomains
Authors: Dang Pengfei , Li Cheng , Yang Yuanchao , Zhou Yumei , Xu Yangyang , Ding Xiangdong , Sun Jun , Xue Dezhen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractElastic materials that store and release elastic energy play pivotal roles in both macro and micro mechanical systems. Uniting high elastic energy density and efficiency is crucial for emerging technologies such as artificial muscles, hopping robots, and unmanned aerial vehicle catapults, yet it remains a significant challenge. Here, a nanocrystalline structure embedded with elliptical martensite nanodomains in ferroelastic alloys was utilized to enable high yield strength, large recoverable strain, and low energy dissipation simultaneously. As a result, the designed Ti–Ni–V alloys demonstrate ultrahigh energy density (>40 MJ m−3) with ultrahigh efficiency (>93%) and exceptional durability. This concept, which combines nano‐sized embryos to minimize energy dissipation of psuedo‐elasticity and employs a fine‐grained structure to enhance yield strength, can be applied to other ferroelastic materials. Furthermore, it holds promise for the development of phase transformation‐involved functionalities such as high‐performance dielectric energy storage, ultralow‐hysteresis magnetostrain, and high‐efficiency solid‐state caloric cooling.
A Frustrated Antipolar Phase Analogous to Classical Spin Liquids
Authors: Bastien Gaël , Repček Dalibor , Eliáš Adam , Kancko Andrej , Courtade Quentin , Haidamak Tetiana , Savinov Maxim , Bovtun Viktor , Kempa Martin , Carva Karel , Vališka Michal , Doležal Petr , Kratochvílová Marie , Barnett Sarah A. , Proschek Petr , Prokleška Jan , Kadlec Christelle , Kužel Petr , Colman Ross H. , Kamba Stanislav 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe study of magnetic frustration in classical spin systems is motivated by the prediction and discovery of classical spin liquid states. These uncommon magnetic phases are characterized by a massive degeneracy of their ground state implying a finite magnetic entropy at zero temperature. While the classical spin liquid state is originally predicted in the Ising triangular lattice antiferromagnet in 1950, this state has never been experimentally observed in any triangular magnets. The discovery of an electric analogue of classical spin liquids on a triangular lattice of uniaxial electric dipoles in EuAl12O19 is reported here. This new type of frustrated antipolar phase is characterized by a highly‐degenerate state at low temperature implying an absence of long‐range antiferroelectric order, despite short‐range antipolar correlations. Its dynamics are governed by a thermally activated process, slowing down upon cooling toward a complete freezing at zero temperature.
Catalytic Strategies for the Selective Synthesis of α‐ and β‐Functionalized Amines via Hydrofunctionalization of Enamides
Authors: Sun Rui , Yang Xiao 
Published: October 2024

Abstractα‐ and β‐Functionalized amines are two classes of important compounds, whose structural units are widely present in approved drugs. The hydrofunctionalization of enamides is the most direct and efficient method for constructing these two types of compounds. Regioselectivity is the focus of this conversion, and is largely influenced by the catalytic mode. Therefore, to selectively synthesize α‐ or β‐functionalized amines, the progress in the catalytic hydrofunctionalization of enamides over the past decade is reviewed, and the catalytic pathways for this process discussed in detail. This account aims to objectively evaluate the effects of various catalytic pathways on the regioselectivity of hydrofunctionalization, to provide a new perspective on the selection of catalytic methods and the design of catalytic pathways for the selective synthesis of α‐ or β‐functionalized amines.
Solving Max‐Cut Problem Using Spiking Boltzmann Machine Based on Neuromorphic Hardware with Phase Change Memory
Authors: Kang Yu Gyeong , Ishii Masatoshi , Park Jaeweon , Shin Uicheol , Jang Suyeon , Yoon Seongwon , Kim Mingi , Okazaki Atsuya , Ito Megumi , Nomura Akiyo , Hosokawa Kohji , BrightSky Matthew , Kim Sangbum 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEfficiently solving combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) such as Max‐Cut is challenging because the resources required increase exponentially with the problem size. This study proposes a hardware‐friendly method for solving the Max‐Cut problem by implementing a spiking neural network (SNN)‐based Boltzmann machine (BM) in neuromorphic hardware systems. To implement the hardware‐oriented version of the spiking Boltzmann machine (sBM), the stochastic dynamics of leaky integrate‐and‐fire (LIF) neurons with random walk noise are analyzed, and an innovative algorithm based on overlapping time windows is proposed. The simulation results demonstrate the effective convergence and high accuracy of the proposed method for large‐scale Max‐Cut problems. The proposed method is validated through successful hardware implementation on a 6‐transistor/2‐resistor (6T2R) neuromorphic chip with phase change memory (PCM) synapses. In addition, as an expansion of the algorithm, several annealing techniques and bias split methods are proposed to improve convergence, along with circuit design ideas for efficient evaluation of sampling convergence using cell arrays and spiking systems. Overall, the results of the proposed methods demonstrate the potential of energy‐efficient and hardware‐implementable approaches using SNNs to solve COPs. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first study to solve the Max‐Cut problem using an SNN neuromorphic hardware chip.
OsGRF6‐OsYUCCA1/OsWRKY82 Signaling Cascade Upgrade Grain Yield and Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice
Authors: Yuan Huanran , Cheng Mingxing , Fan Fengfeng , Zheng Xingfei , Wang Ruihua , Si Fengfeng , Luo Xiong , Li Nengwu , Li Shaoqing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAs a major crop in the world, the sustainable development of rice is often severely restricted by bacterial blight. Breeding crops with resistance is an efficient way to control bacterial blight. However, enhancing resistance often incurs a fitness penalty, making it challenging to simultaneously increase bacterial blight resistance and yield potential. In this study, it is found that OsGRF6, besides being a high‐yield gene, can significantly improve rice bacterial blight resistance. Compared with wild‐type, the lesion lengths of transgenic material overexpressing OsGRF6 are significantly reduced after inoculation with Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Furthermore, OsGRF6 can directly bind to the promoters of OsYUCCA1 and OsWRKY82, upregulating their transcription and thereby increasing rice bacterial blight resistance and yield. Haplotypic analysis based on the promoter and genome sequence combined with evolutionary analysis revealed that OsGRF6 is mainly comprised by the OsGRF6XI and OsGRF6GJ subtypes. The superior haplotype OsGRF6Hap4 increased its transcriptional activity and contributed to bacterial blight resistance and rice yield. Together, this study provides theoretical support for further revealing the synergistic regulatory mechanism and genetic improvement of rice high yield and bacterial blight resistance, offering a new strategy for developing disease‐resistant cultivars.