bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive two‐dimensional PC‐3 prostate cancer cell membrane chromatography for screening anti‐tumor components from Radix Sophorae flavescentis
Authors: Wang Qiang , Xu Junnan , Li Xiang , Zhang Dawei , Han Yong , Zhang Xu 
Published: April 2017

Radix Sophorae flavescentis is generally used for the treatment of different stages of prostate cancer in China. It has ideal effects when combined with surgical treatment and chemotherapy. However, its active components are still ambiguous. We devised a comprehensive two‐dimensional PC‐3 prostate cancer cell membrane chromatography system for screening anti‐prostate cancer components in Radix Sophorae flavescentis. Gefitinib and dexamethasone were chosen as positive and negative drugs respectively for validation and optimization the selectivity and suitability of the comprehensive two‐dimensional chromatographic system. Five compounds, sophocarpine, matrine, oxymatrine, oxysophocarpine, and xanthohumol were found to have significant retention behaviors on the PC‐3 cell membrane chromatography and were unambiguously identified by time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Cell proliferation and apoptosis assays confirmed that all five compounds had anti‐prostate cancer effects. Matrine and xanthohumol had good inhibitory effects, with half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 0.893 and 0.137 mg/mL, respectively. Our comprehensive two‐dimensional PC‐3 prostate cancer cell membrane chromatographic system promotes the efficient recognition and rapid analysis of drug candidates, and it will be practical for the discovery of prostate cancer drugs from complex traditional Chinese medicines.
Application for lower facial fat reduction and tightening by static type monopolar 1‐MHz radio frequency for body contouring
Authors: Sugawara Jun , Kou Seiko , Kokubo Kenichi , Kuroda Aimi , Hashizume Yoshie , Kobayashi Shinji , Maegawa Jirou , Satake Toshihiko 
Published: April 2017

IntroductionLiposuction and mesotherapy are popular treatments for fat reduction of lower face, but because these treatments are invasive, a novel non‐invasive treatment with similar or better efficacy has been sought. There are various devices such as CoolSculpt, laser, RF, and HIFU that are used as non‐invasive treatments for fat reduction and body contouring, but these applications have not been applied to facial fat reduction. In this study, we selected Monopolar 1‐MHz RF for body contouring to be applied for fat reduction and tightening of the lower face.Material and MethodsFrom March through August of 2016, we treated fourteen Asian women (average age: 44.6 years old) for fat reduction and tightening of the lower face using 1‐MHz Monopolar RF (truSculpt™, Cutera, Inc., Brisbane, CA). We performed the treatment primarily in the nasolabial fold and buccal area weekly for five consecutive weeks, and evaluated the effects for fat reduction and tightening before each treatment and for 2 months after the treatment using handy VECTRA 3D® (Canfield Scientific, Inc.) for imaging. Three‐dimensional (3D) volumetric assessments were performed at pre‐ and post‐two‐months after treatment. Patients rated their satisfaction for tightening using a 5‐points scale.ResultsDuring the study, more than ninety percent of patients showed volumetric change by fat reduction at the treated area, with an average of 2.7 ml. Sixty percent of patients were either “satisfied” or “very satisfied” with the tightening effects. The treatments were accompanied only by very mild heat pain. Efficacy was maintained for 2 months after the treatments, and three patients showed a higher fat reduction effect at 2 months after the final treatment compared with the final treatment. A mild redness was observed just for few hours after the treatment, but complications such as, swelling, induration, burn, sensory disturbance or facial paralysis, were not observed.ConclusionIn this study, we found that Monopolar 1‐MHz RF applied with a stationary applicator was effective especially for lower face fat reduction and with a tightening effect in facial contouring. A highly efficacious treatment with satisfactory comfort and safety can be achieved with no downtime, and the device has the potential for becoming one of the standard non‐invasive treatments for fat reduction of facial contouring. Lasers Surg. Med.49:750–755, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An analogue dynamical model for forecasting fog‐induced visibility: validation over Delhi
Authors: Goswami Prashant , Sarkar Sumana 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTAccurate forecasts of fog and visibility are important for many applications; while prolonged fog can adversely affect many crops, even a short duration of dense fog can lead to disruption of air and highway traffic. The genesis and dynamics of fog are a result of many processes; accurate forecasting of fog thus continues to be a challenge. A forecast model of the occurrence of fog, measured in terms of visibility, is presented. The model is formulated as an analogue model; thus the merit of the model is primarily based on its validation against observation. Two forecasts using two sets of meteorological fields are considered: one as the benchmark forecasts with visibility calculated from observed meteorological fields and the other based on meteorological forecasts from an atmospheric mesoscale model (Weather Research and Forecasting). While the benchmark (perfect) forecasts from observed meteorological fields provide the potential skill of the model, the mesoscale forecasts provide an assessment of realizable skill in an operational setting. The validation was carried out against hourly visibility data recorded at Indira Gandhi International Airport over Delhi during the winter months (December and January) for the period 2009–2012. Error statistics show that the analogue fog model can capture a significant part of the observed variability of fog. The forecasts have more success in forecasting intense (visibility < 500 m) and persistent (duration > 4 h) fog events. The model provides a useful forecasting tool, as shown by measures such as average error, number of false warnings and the number of misses.
Microvascular replantation of head and neck amputated parts: A systematic review
Authors: Efanov Johnny I. , Montoya Ixchel J. , Huang Ke N. , Guertin Charles , Harris Patrick G. , Bou‐Merhi Joseph , Danino Alain M. 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundAs opposed to upper and lower extremity amputations representing a considerable volume of admissions, the prowess of microsurgeons is seldom solicited in complex cases of head and neck replantation. Our aim was to determine the rate of successful replantation of craniofacial parts in a systematic review of the literature.MethodsWe performed a systematic review of English literature using PubMed/MEDLINE for every replantation of a head and neck parts. Articles selected for analysis required to describe microvascular surgical techniques to be considered a replantation. The measured endpoint for a successful replantation was survival at hospital discharge.ResultsFrom 113 articles from the literature, reported cases of replanted craniofacial parts included 90 scalps, 56 ears, 34 lips, 26 noses, 1 eyebrow, and 1 midface. A significant majority of amputations were described as an avulsion mechanism (78.4%), as opposed to cutting/sharp (17.3%) or crush‐type (1.9%). The overall success rate at hospital discharge was 72.1%, with a partial failure at 20.2% and a complete failure at 7.7%.ConclusionUrgent replantation of head and neck amputated parts allow patients to recover in a timely manner and to decrease the need for secondary reconstructive procedures. The significant rate of success is a strong argument in favor of promoting access to care for replantation of craniofacial parts.
A systematic review of psychotherapeutic interventions for women with metastatic breast cancer: Context matters
Authors: Beatty Lisa , Kemp Emma , Butow Phyllis , Girgis Afaf , Schofield Penelope , Turner Jane , Hulbert‐Williams Nicholas J. , Levesque Janelle V. , Koczwara Bogda 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo summarise the evidence‐base of psychological interventions for women with metastatic breast cancer, by mode of delivery (group, individual, or low‐intensity interventions). To synthesise data regarding core intervention‐elements (eg, intervention duration) and context factors (trial setting, uptake and adherence, and demographic characteristics).MethodsFour databases were searched (inception‐May 2016): MEDLINE (OvidSP), PsycINFO (OvidSP), CINAHL (EBSCO), and SCOPUS; reference lists were examined for additional publications. Grey literature was excluded. Outcome data were extracted for survival, distress, quality of life, coping, sleep, fatigue, and/or pain and summarised through narrative synthesis.ResultsFifteen randomised clinical trials (RCTs), reported across 23 articles, met inclusion criteria: 7 groups, 4 individuals, and 4 low‐intensity interventions. Overall, interventions improved distress (8/13 RCTs), coping (4/5 RCTs), and pain (4/5 RCTs). No evidence of survival benefit was found. For remaining outcomes, evidence was either insufficient, or too mixed to draw conclusions. Group programs had the strongest evidence‐base for efficacy; individual and low‐intensity therapy had insufficient evidence to form conclusions. Group interventions had longest intervention durations and lowest uptake and adherence; low‐intensity interventions had shortest durations and highest uptake and adherence. Disparities in uptake, adherence, and reach were evident, with the demographic profile of participants polarised to young, Caucasian, English‐speaking, partnered women.ConclusionsThere remains a paucity of psychological interventions for women with metastatic breast cancer. Those that exist have an inconsistent evidence‐base across the range of patient‐reported outcomes. Further research is needed to evaluate accessible delivery formats that ensure efficacy as well as uptake.
Synthesis and biological potency of anilino‐triazine insecticides
Authors: Johnson Timothy C , Brown Annette V , Bryan Kristy K , Guenthenspberger Katherine K , Hunter Ricky , Martin Timothy P , Niyaz Noormohamed , Tisdell Gene F , Trullinger Tony 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDAn insecticide screening effort identified N‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐4,6‐bis(2,2,2‐trifluoroethoxy)‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2‐amine as having weak potency against two lepidopteran species, Helicoverpa zea and Spodoptera exigua. A structure–activity relationship study about the trifluoroethoxy substituents and the aniline of this compound was carried out in an effort to improve insecticidal potency.RESULTSInitially, a series of analogs bearing various substituents on the aniline were prepared, and the insecticidal potency was evaluated against H. zea and S. exigua in greenhouse diet feeding assays. The results showed that electron‐withdrawing substituents, such as Cl, Br and CF3, were preferred over electron‐donating substituents, such as methoxy, and that potency was significantly better when the substituent was in the para‐position. Additional investigations showed that bis(anilino)trifluoroethoxytriazines were more potent. Replacement of the remaining trifluoroethyl group in the bis(anilino)triazine series with an alkyl amine lead to compounds of equal or superior efficacy.CONCLUSIONThe work presented showed that electron‐withdrawing substituents in the para‐position of the aniline ring of the initial hit delivered the best levels of insecticidal potency against the two insect species tested. Further investigations showed that potency could be improved by replacing one of the two trifluoroethoxy groups with additional 4‐substituted aniline. This level of potency was maintained or further improved when the remaining trifluoroethoxy was replaced with a substituted amine. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Theorizing Nationalism
Authors: Day Graham , Thompson Andrew 
Published: April 2017

Theorizing Nationalism provides a comprehensive and accessible review of the main theoretical approaches to understanding nations, nationalism and national identities. Its systematic and clearly structured approach makes it an ideal purchase for undergraduate students of Sociology, Politics and International Relations.
Well illustrated with a variety of international examples, it gives a detailed insight into the contributions of key social theorists, including Anderson, Billig, Gellner, Hobshawn and Smith. It shows how the analysis of nationalism is linked to contemporary studies of gender, ‘race’ and ethnicity and it gives due consideration to important recent developments in the field, including liberal nationalism, globalization and the formation of national identities.
Throughout the book, the authors place developments in the study of nationalism in the context of wider changes taking place in social theory, and show how shifting theoretical perspectives pose new questions about the meaning and importance of nations and nationalism. This is a balanced and wide-ranging text that opens up debates in a clear and helpful manner for students who are new to the field.
Challenges in Validating FLOSS Configuration
Authors: Raab Markus , Barany Gergö 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDevelopers invest much effort into validating configuration during startup of free/libre and open source software (FLOSS) applications. Nevertheless, hardly any tools exist to validate configuration files to detect misconfigurations earlier. This paper aims at understanding the challenges to provide better tools for configuration validation. We use mixed methodology: (1) We analyzed 2,683 run-time configuration accesses in the source-code of 16 applications comprising 50 million lines of code. (2) We conducted a questionnaire survey with 162 FLOSS contributors completing the survey. We report our experiences about building up a FLOSS community that tackles the issues by unifying configuration validation with an external configuration access specification.We discovered that information necessary for validation is often missing in the applications and FLOSS developers dislike dependencies on external packages for such validations.
The Open Source Officer Role – Experiences
Authors: Mols Carl-Eric , Wnuk Krzysztof , Linåker Johan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis papers describe the Open Source Officer role and the experiences from introducing this role in several companies. We outline the role description, main responsibilities, and interfaces to other roles and organizations. We investigated the role in several organization and bring interesting discrepancies and overlaps of how companies operate with OSS.
How are Developers Treating License Inconsistency Issues? A Case Study on License Inconsistency Evolution in FOSS Projects
Authors: Wu Yuhao , Manabe Yuki , German Daniel M. , Inoue Katsuro 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA license inconsistency is the presence of two or more source files that evolved from the same original file containing different licenses. In our previous study, we have shown that license inconsistencies do exist in open source projects and may lead to potential license violation problems. In this study, we try to find out whether the issues of license inconsistencies are properly solved by analyzing two versions of a FOSS distribution—Debian—and investigate the evolution patterns of license inconsistencies. Findings are: license inconsistencies occur mostly because the original copyright owner updated the license while the reusers were still using the old version of the source files with the old license; most license inconsistencies would disappear when the reusers synchronize their project from the upstream, while some would exist permanently if reusers decide not to synchronize anymore. Legally suspicious cases have not been found yet in those Debian distributions.
Addressing Lock-in, Interoperability, and Long-Term Maintenance Challenges Through Open Source: How Can Companies Strategically Use Open Source?
Authors: Lundell Björn , Gamalielsson Jonas , Tengblad Stefan , Yousefi Bahram Hooshyar , Fischer Thomas , Johansson Gert , Rodung Bengt , Mattsson Anders , Oppmark Johan , Gustavsson Tomas , Feist Jonas , Landemoo Stefan , Lönroth Erik 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
This industry paper reports on how strategic use of open source in company contexts can provide effective support for addressing the fundamental challenges of lock-in, interoperability, and longevity of software and associated digital assets. The fundamental challenges and an overview of an ongoing collaborative research project are presented. Through a conceptual model for open source usage in company contexts we characterise how companies engage with open source and elaborate on how the fundamental challenges can be effectively addressed through open source usage in company contexts.
Effects of High Temperatures and Duration of Heating on Olive Oil Properties for Food Use and Biodiesel Production
Authors: Giuffrè A. M. , Zappia C. , Capocasale M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractHeating deteriorates the physicochemical properties of a vegetable oil for both edible and biofuel uses. The parameters for edible olive oil are established by European Union regulations and by the International Olive Council. The properties of a vegetable oil to be used as a source for biodiesel production are indicated by the German DIN 51605 for rapeseed oil. Biofuel properties are described by the European EN 14214 and the North American ASTM 6751 standards for biodiesel. It is useful to know how temperature and heating duration influence the physicochemical properties of olive oil. Free acidity, refractive index and myristic acid were not significantly influenced by temperature and heating duration. K232, K266, K270, K274, p‐anisidine value, totox index, kinematic viscosity (at 30, 40, 50 °C), estimated higher heating value, relative density, and cetane number increased during olive oil heating. The biological properties: iodine value, oxidative stability index, antiradical (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical, DPPH∙) activity, and phenol content, decreased when time and temperature increased. Fatty acid methyl esters were highly influenced by the applied variables. Almost all the fatty acid methyl esters, except myristic, stearic, and arachidic acid esters, were influenced by the combined effect of temperature and time in a very highly significant level. These results show how temperature and duration of heating influence extra virgin olive oil degradation for both edible use and biodiesel production.
Comparative Study of Tocopherol Contents and Fatty Acids Composition in Twenty Almond Cultivars of Afghanistan
Authors: Zamany Ahmad Jawid , Samadi Ghulam Rasoul , Kim Doo Hwan , Keum Young‐Soo , Saini Ramesh Kumar 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAfghanistan is the fourth largest producer of almonds in the world producing 78 native and 6 imported cultivars. However, till date, there have been no comprehensive data on nutrient profiles of the native cultivars. Thus, in the present investigation, tocopherol contents and fatty acid composition from the kernels of 20 selected native almond cultivars of Afghanistan were analyzed. The ranges of variability for the studied nutrients were similar to those already reported for almonds grown in other countries, such as 47.8–66.1% of total lipids (fresh weight basis), 62.54–81.57% of oleic acid in the total lipids, and 139.1–355.0 μg/g α‐tocopherol in kernels. With respect to cultivars, significantly (p < 0.05) high content of total lipids were recorded in ‘Belabai’ and ‘Sattarbai’ (Afghan grade), oleic acid in ‘Khairodini’ and of α‐tocopherol in ‘Khairodini‐161 Samangan’ and ‘Belabai’ cultivars. Kernels from these cultivars can be used for nutrient dense food formulations. Daily consumption of 50 g almonds is sufficient to meet the RDA of α‐tocopherol (15 mg/day), considering the average 300 μg/g of α‐tocopherol in Afghan almonds. Also, these nutrient rich cultivars can be used in almond breeding programs globally, to focus on improving kernel oil composition and nutrient contents.
Integrated single- and two-photon light sheet microscopy using accelerating beams
Authors: Piksarv Peeter , Marti Dominik , Le Tuan , Unterhuber Angelika , Forbes Lindsey H. , Andrews Melissa R. , Stingl Andreas , Drexler Wolfgang , Andersen Peter E. , Dholakia Kishan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe demonstrate the first light sheet microscope using propagation invariant, accelerating Airy beams that operates both in single- and two-photon modes. The use of the Airy beam permits us to develop an ultra compact, high resolution light sheet system without beam scanning. In two-photon mode, an increase in the field of view over the use of a standard Gaussian beam by a factor of six is demonstrated. This implementation for light sheet microscopy opens up new possibilities across a wide range of biomedical applications, especially for the study of neuronal processes.
Protectin DX ameliorates palmitate- or high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and inflammation through an AMPK-PPARα-dependent pathway in mice
Authors: Jung Tae Woo , Kim Hyoung-Chun , Abd El-Aty A. M. , Jeong Ji Hoon 
Published: April 2017

AbstractProtectin DX (PDX), a double lipoxygenase derivative of docosahexaenoic acid, has been reported to attenuate inflammation and insulin resistance. In the current study, we explored the effects of PDX on hyperlipidemia-induced insulin resistance and inflammation through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα). PDX attenuated the impairment of insulin receptor substrate 1/Akt–mediated insulin signaling in palmitate-treated differentiated C2C12 cells and soleus skeletal muscle of HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, PDX treatment significantly ameliorated HFD-induced weight gain and improved glucose tolerance in mice. Nuclear factor kB nuclear translocation, inhibitory kBα phosphorylation, and expression of proinflammatory cytokines were markedly attenuated by PDX in both in vitro and in vivo models. PDX treatment markedly augmented AMPK phosphorylation and PPARα expression in C2C12 cells and in skeletal muscle of mice. AMPK- and PPARα-specific siRNAs significantly abrogated the suppressive effects of PDX on palmitate-induced insulin resistance and inflammation. Furthermore, PDX markedly stimulated the expression of genes related to fatty acid oxidation. These effects of PDX were significantly suppressed by AMPK and PPARα siRNAs. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that PDX ameliorates insulin resistance and inflammation and stimulates fatty acid oxidation through AMPK- and PPARα-mediated pathways in skeletal muscle.
Bioinspired Diatomite Membrane with Selective Superwettability for Oil/Water Separation
Authors: Lo Yu-Hsiang , Yang Ching-Yu , Chang Haw-Kai , Hung Wei-Chen , Chen Po-Yu 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMembranes with selective superwettability for oil/water separation have received significant attention during the past decades. Hierarchical structures and surface roughness are believed to improve the oil repellency and the stability of Cassie-Baxter state. Diatoms, unicellular photosynthetic algae, possess sophisticated skeletal shells (called frustules) which are made of hydrated silica. Motivated by the hierarchical micro- and nanoscale features of diatom, we fabricate a hierarchical diatomite membrane which consists of aligned micro-sized channels by the freeze casting process. The fine nano-porous structures of frustules are well preserved after the post sintering process. The bioinspired diatomite membrane performs both underwater superoleophobicity and superhydrophobicity under various oils. Additionally, we demonstrate the highly efficient oil/water separation capabililty of the membranes in various harsh environments. The water flux can be further adjusted by tuning the cooling rates. The eco-friendly and robust bioinspired membranes produced by the simple, cost-effective freeze casting method can be potentially applied for large scale and efficient oil/water separation.