bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poor microcirculatory flow dynamics are associated with endothelial cell damage and glycocalyx shedding after traumatic hemorrhagic shock
Authors: Naumann David N. , Hazeldine Jon , Midwinter Mark J. , Hutchings Sam D. , Harrison Paul 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUND
Endothelial cell damage and glycocalyx shedding after trauma can increase the risk of inflammation, coagulopathy, vascular permeability, and death. Bedside sublingual video-microscopy may detect worse flow and perfusion associated with this endotheliopathy. We compared markers of endotheliopathy with physical flow dynamics after traumatic hemorrhagic shock.

METHODS
Sublingual incident dark field video-microscopy was performed at three time points after injury (<10 hours, 10–30 hours, and 30–50 hours). Values for microcirculatory flow index (MFI), Point Of carE Microcirculation assessment (POEM) score, proportion of perfused vessels (PPV), microcirculatory heterogeneity index (MHI), perfused vessel density (PVD), and total vessel density (TVD) were obtained. ELISAs were performed to measure concentrations of thrombomodulin and syndecan-1 as biomarkers of endothelial cell damage and glycocalyx shedding respectively. Flow parameters were dichotomized to above and below average, and biomarkers compared between groups; below average MFI, POEM, PPV, PVD, and TVD, and above average MHI were considered poor microcirculatory flow dynamics.

RESULTS
A total of 155 sublingual video-microscopy clips corresponding to 39 time points from 17 trauma patients were analyzed. Median age was 35 (IQR 25–52); 16/17 were men. Within 10 hours of injury, syndecan-1 concentrations were significantly higher compared to 17 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (30 [IQR 20–44] ng/mL) for worse TVD (78 [IQR 63–417] ng/mL), PVD (156 [IQR 63–590] ng/mL), PPV (249 [IQR 64–578] ng/mL), MFI (249 [IQR 64–578] ng/mL), MHI (45 [IQR] 38–68) ng/mL), and POEM scores (108 [IQR 44–462] ng/mL) (all p < 0.01). Thrombomodulin was also raised within 10 hours of injury when compared to healthy controls (2.9 [IQR 2.2–3.4] ng/mL) for worse PPV (4.1 [IQR 3.4–6.2] ng/mL) and MFI (4.1 [IQR 3.4–6.2] ng/mL) (both p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
Endothelial cell damage and glycocalyx shedding are associated with worse flow, density, and heterogeneity within microvessels after traumatic hemorrhagic shock. The clinical utility of these biomarkers and flow parameters at the bedside are yet to be elucidated.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Prognostic study, level III.
A multipath model of salesperson performance in the financial services industry
Authors: Varghese Jose , Edward Manoj , Sahadev Sunil 
Published: September 2017

PurposeThe study looks at how salesperson’s customer orientation (SCO) mediates the impact of a host of organisational, job-related and personality-related factors on salesperson performance. Previous studies that have considered the impact of customer orientation on performance have often considered a limited number of antecedent variables which has led to inconsistent results. The purpose of this paper is to address this concern by considering the multiple effects of several independent variables.Design/methodology/approachThe conceptual model was tested through a large-scale survey of financial services salespersons in India. A total of 1,106 respondents participated in the survey. The data were analysed through structural equations modelling. Sobel’s test was employed to test the mediating effects.FindingsThe study found that customer orientation has a significant mediating effect in the case of several antecedent variables. The impact of variables like perceived supportive work environment, experienced meaningfulness, organisational identification, salesperson agreeableness and salesperson instability on salesperson performance is seen to be partially or fully mediated by SCO.Research limitations/implicationsThe cross-sectional design and the convenience sampling methodology are the main limitations of the study.Practical implicationsThe study develops a more holistic, multipath model which can help managers as a guideline in recruiting and selecting salespersons. The importance of customer orientation points towards the need for better attitudinal training.Originality/valueTheoretically, the paper highlights the need for developing more comprehensive models for considering the consequences of customer orientation and related issues. The multipath model addresses several calls for research on testing different antecedents of customer orientation as well as how customer orientation enhances salesperson performance.
Drug repurposing to treat asthma and allergic disorders: Progress and prospects
Authors: Kruse R. L. , Vanijcharoenkarn K. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAllergy and atopic asthma have continued to become more prevalent in modern society despite the advent of new treatments, representing a major global health problem. Common medications such as antihistamines and steroids can have undesirable long‐term side‐effects and lack efficacy in some resistant patients. Biologic medications are increasingly given to treatment‐resistant patients, but they can represent high costs, complex dosing and management, and are not widely available around the world. The field needs new, cheap, and convenient treatment options in order to bring better symptom relief to patients. Beyond continued research and development of new drugs, a focus on drug repurposing could alleviate this problem by repositioning effective and safe small‐molecule drugs from other fields of medicine and applying them toward the treatment for asthma and allergy. Herein, preclinical models, case reports, and clinical trials of drug repurposing efficacy in allergic disease are reviewed. Novel drugs are also proposed for repositioning based on their mechanism of action to treat asthma and allergy. Overall, drug repurposing could become increasingly important as a way of advancing allergy and atopic asthma therapy, filling a need in treatment of patients today.
Latent Risk Subtypes Based on Injection and Sexual Behavior Among People Who Inject Drugs in Rural Puerto Rico
Authors: Hautala Dane , Abadie Roberto , Thrash Courtney , Reyes Juan Carlos , Dombrowski Kirk 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundPeople who inject drugs (PWID) in Puerto Rico engage in high levels of injection and sexual risk behavior, and they are at high risk for HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) infection, relative to their US counterparts. Less is known, however, about the clustering of risk behavior conducive to HIV and HCV infection among rural Puerto Rican communities.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine concurrent injection and sexual risk subtypes among a rural sample of PWID in Puerto Rico.MethodsData were drawn from a respondent‐driven sample collected in 2015 of 315 PWID in 4 rural communities approximately 30‐40 miles from San Juan. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to examine risk subtypes using 3 injection and 3 sexual risk indicators. In addition, demographic and other PWID characteristics were examined as possible predictors of latent class membership.ResultsFour LCA subtypes were identified: low risk (36%), high injection/low sexual risk (22%), low injection/high sexual risk (20%), and high risk (22%). Younger age and past year homelessness predicted high risk latent class membership, relative to the other classes. In addition, daily speedball use predicted membership in the high injection/low sexual risk class, relative to the low risk and low injection/high sexual risk classes.Conclusion/ImportanceThe findings suggest ways in which PWID risk clusters can be identified for targeted interventions.
A comparison of narrative skill in Spanish-English bilinguals and their functionally monolingual Spanish-speaking and English-only peers
Authors: Gámez Perla B , González Dahlia 
Published: September 2017

Purpose: The Spanish and English narrative skills of young (mean age = 5.65 years) Spanish-English bilinguals were compared to functionally monolingual Spanish and English-only speakers’ narrative skills, respectively ( n = 63). Method: Spanish and English oral retellings, elicited at the beginning and end of the kindergarten year, were transcribed and coded in terms of discourse- (story structure complexity), semantic- (word diversity) and grammatical-level (lexical and grammatical errors, revisions) skills. Data and analysis: Repeated measures ANOVAs, with Time (beginning-, end-of-year) and Language Status (bilingual and either functionally monolingual Spanish or English monolingual) or Language (English, Spanish) as factors, were used to compare children’s narratives in terms of story structure complexity, word diversity, errors and revisions. Pearson correlations examined the relation of revisions to word diversity and errors. Results: Time comparisons revealed significant gains in story structure complexity, with no statistically significant difference between bilinguals’ and monolinguals’ complexity scores. Bilinguals’ stories were also not different between English and Spanish. Yet, bilinguals included more errors in English than did English monolinguals, while engaging in a comparable number of revisions. Moreover, despite comparable error rates with Spanish monolinguals, bilinguals included more lexical and grammatical revisions in Spanish. Revisions and word diversity were positively correlated; no relation was found between revisions and errors. Conclusions: The relative differences in revisions between bilinguals’ and Spanish monolinguals’ narratives, versus English monolinguals’, highlight the linguistic strengths of bilinguals. In particular, bilinguals’ tendency to engage in revisions as they attempt to increase their language complexity, suggests that revisions require advanced linguistic knowledge, not language uncertainty. Originality: The children in this study were considered language minority learners in the United States. Moving past accounts of minority learners’ “low” performance on oral language and reading comprehension, our study findings reveal evidence of “advanced” linguistic knowledge for bilingual speakers.
RUNX1 regulates site specificity of DNA demethylation by recruitment of DNA demethylation machineries in hematopoietic cells
Authors: Suzuki Takahiro , Shimizu Yuri , Furuhata Erina , Maeda Shiori , Kishima Mami , Nishimura Hajime , Enomoto Saaya , Hayashizaki Yoshihide , Suzuki Harukazu 
Published: September 2017

Key PointsEctopic expression of RUNX1 induces binding site–directed DNA demethylation, in which hematopoietic gene promoters are included. RUNX1 binding sites are enriched in demethylated regions during hematopoietic development.
A new panel of epitope mapped monoclonal antibodies recognising the prototypical tetraspanin CD81
Authors: Grove Joe , Hu Ke , Farquhar Michelle J. , Goodall Margaret , Walker Lucas , Jamshad Mohammed , Drummer Heidi E. , Bill Roslyn M. , Balfe Peter , McKeating Jane A. 
Published: September 2017

Background:Tetraspanins are small transmembrane proteins, found in all higher eukaryotes, that compartmentalize cellular membranes through interactions with partner proteins. CD81 is a prototypical tetraspanin and contributes to numerous physiological and pathological processes, including acting as a critical entry receptor for hepatitis C virus (HCV). Antibody engagement of tetraspanins can induce a variety of effects, including actin cytoskeletal rearrangements, activation of MAPK-ERK signaling and cell migration. However, the epitope specificity of most anti-tetraspanin antibodies is not known, limiting mechanistic interpretation of these studies.Methods:We generated a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for CD81 second extracellular domain (EC2) and performed detailed epitope mapping with a panel of CD81 mutants. All mAbs were screened for their ability to inhibit HCV infection and E2-CD81 association. Nanoscale distribution of cell surface CD81 was investigated by scanning electron microscopy.Results:The antibodies were classified in two epitope groups targeting opposing sides of EC2. We observed a wide range of anti-HCV potencies that were independent of their epitope grouping, but associated with their relative affinity for cell-surface expressed CD81. Scanning electron microscopy identified at least two populations of CD81; monodisperse and higher-order assemblies, consistent with tetraspanin-enriched microdomains.Conclusions:These novel antibodies provide well-characterised tools to investigate CD81 function, including HCV entry, and have the potential to provide insights into tetraspanin biology in general.
How Greek nurses perceive and overcome the barriers in implementing treatment for pressure ulcers: ‘against the odds’
Authors: Kaba E. , Kelesi M. , Stavropoulou A. , Moustakas D. , Fasoi G. 
Published: September 2017

Objective:Although the occurrence of pressure ulcers (PUs) is now considered as an indicator of poor quality nursing care, questions and concerns remain regarding situations where PUs were unavoidable, irrespective of the care provided. The aim of this study was to explore Greek nurses' perceptions about the barriers involved and to identify the factors that influence care planning in PU treatment.Method:A grounded theory approach was used and semi-structured interviews were conducted with nurses who provided pressure care to clients in a rehabilitation centre in Greece. Data were analysed using the constant comparative method.Results:We interviewed seven nurses. Findings revealed one main category entitled ‘anarchy’ in delivery of care consisted of the following three subcategories: interdisciplinary conflicts; total trust in traditional knowledge; and devaluation of other's work/role and a core category ‘Against the odds’: the perceived value of prevention and treatment can overcome the barriers in treating PUs.Conclusion:This study gives an overview of the views and beliefs of nurses about the problems and barriers involved in PU prevention and treatment. The study reveals that although some barriers to good practice may exist, nurses can hold a positive attitude toward PU prevention and treatment, and their perceived value of prevention and treatment may help nurses to overcome the barriers in managing PUs.
The Library and the Cloud: Digital News Production and Preservation
Authors: Reilly Bernard F. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract:In the past, in an analog world, libraries—to meet their informational responsibilities—preserved newspapers in analog form and on microfilm. With the emergence of digital technologies, preservation has evolved, and so has the creation of news. These evolutions have challenged libraries to meet their old (and ongoing) responsibilities, and they have faced this challenge by continuing to think of news in the old way: as a commodity to be captured and stored as they have always done it, by themselves, in traditional ways. Today news is not as static as it once was: a version produced for a morning audience; another, modified, for an afternoon or evening audience; each discrete and preservable by itself. News is fluid: it is created and grows as it emerges; and the news media let the information evolve as it evolves in real time. Capturing and preserving this new kind of resource forces libraries and other news-preservation agencies to rethink the old models of operation. Preservation of the news should be done with a new model of cooperation, as the present essay explains.
Eine Chance für systemische Bildung – Die Bedeutung der Eltern für religiöse Erfahrungen von Konfirmandinnen und Konfirmanden und Konsequenzen für die kirchliche Elternbildungsarbeit
Authors: Schlag Thomas 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung:
Die Konfirmationszeit kann im jeweiligen familiären System eine Vielzahl von persönlichen und religiösen Orientierungsfragen auslösen. Vor dem Hintergrund der hier aufbrechenden Fragen, aber auch angesichts der Einsichten empirischer Studien zur Bedeutung familiärer Sozialisation ergeben sich für die kirchliche Bildungsverantwortung und Elternarbeit produktive Herausforderungen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Möglichkeiten kirchlicher Elternbildungsarbeit während, nach und vor der Konfirmationszeit beschrieben.
EFEKTIVITAS VAKSIN BIVALEN Aeromonas hydrophila DAN Mycobacterium fortuitum UNTUK PENCEGAHAN INFEKSI PENYAKIT PADA IKAN GURAMI (Osphronemus goramy)
Authors: Sugiani Desy , Aryati Yani , Mufidah Tatik , Purwaningsih Uni 
Published: September 2017

Vaksinasi merupakan salah satu cara terbaik untuk pencegahan terhadap penyakit ikan. Aplikasi pemberian vaksin untuk skala massal oleh pembudidaya ikan masih menjadi kendala. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji efektivitas dan respons peningkatan kekebalan tubuh ikan terhadap penggunaan vaksin bivalen anti A. hydrophila dan M. fortuitum pada penanggulangan kejadian ko-infeksi A. hydrophila dan M. fortuitum pada ikan gurami. Perlakuan vaksinasi pada ikan gurami dilakukan selama empat minggu pemeliharan menggunakan tiga metode yang berbeda yaitu melalui injeksi, perendaman, dan oral, setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali dan diuji tantang selama empat minggu dengan ko-infeksi dari A. hydrophila dan M. fortuitum. Nilai RPS (relative percent survival) terbaik setelah uji tantang untuk penggunaan vaksin bivalen melalui perendaman pada benih ikan gurami adalah sebesar 26,4% lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan metode injeksi (56,33%). Vaksin bivalen kurang efektif jika diberikan melalui oral dengan nilai RPS 13,6%. Dosis vaksin bivalen terbaik untuk perlakuan vaksinasi melalui injeksi, perendaman, dan oral adalahcampuran antara bakteri A. hydrophila 1010 cfu dan M. fortuitum 109 cfu dengan perbandingan 1:1 v/v.
Strategi Dompet Dhuafa Sumatera Selatan dalam Menarik Minat Donatur untuk Menyalurkan Dana Zakat Infak Sadaqah Wakaf (ZISWAF)
Authors: Hidayah Ririn Nur 
Published: September 2017

Strategi menarik minat donatur yang dilakukan dompet dhuafa dilakukan dengan metode mengembangkan budaya kerja lembaga yang terbuka/transparan, jujur, itqan (profesional), dan mengembangkan kreativitas dan inovasi tiada henti untuk tetap mencari cara terbaik dalam berinteraksi dan memberdayakan masyarakat sesuai dengan teori kotler dan keller yaitu lima metode yang digunakan dalam menarik minat donatur adalah advertising, personal selling, direct selling, public relations, dan events and experience, pelaksanaannya sudah sangat baik, pendapatan donasi dari para donatur yang mempercayakan dananya cukup banyak dan keberadaan dompet dhuafa ditengah masyarakat sangat membantu khususnya bagi masyarakat tidak mampu.
Vocal tract dynamics in an adult stutterer
Authors: Wolk Lesley 
Published: September 2017

The present study was motivated by the clinical observation of "laryngeal spasms" during dysfluency in an adult female stutterer. The flexible fiberoptic nasolaryngoscope was employed in an attempt to assess this phenomenon objectively. Findings from fiberscopic and spectrographic investigations provided evidence for a disturbance in laryngeal behaviour, and in turn served to determine the nature of the treatment programme. Asymmetry of the vocal folds and partial abductory laryngeal behaviour, reflecting a conflict between adductory and abductory forces, characterized the dysfluency in this patient. A subjective evaluation after treatment revealed a reduction in both severity and frequency of stuttering behaviour. Furthermore, fiberscopic examination carried out after treatment revealed an absence of the laryngeal disturbances noted previously. Results are considered in terms of vocal tract dynamics in stuttering and its clinical applicability.
An investigation of non-standard english syntax in 12-year old coloured children
Authors: Malan Karen C. 
Published: September 2017

Non-standard English (NSE) syntactic constructions occurring in the natural speech, behaviour of a group of 20 12-year old Coloured children were identified and analysed. Three syntactic classes were isolated as having contained NSE constructions used significantly by the group: auxiliary/copula verb forms, number-verb agreement and tense. A bi-dialectal sentence repetition task was then adminstered to the same group and to a matched group of White children, in which the two groups were compared on their ability to reproduce sentences containing (1) NSE constructions used significantly by the Coloured group, and (2) the standard English (SE) forms of these constructions. Results indicated that while Coloured Ss were able to reproduce many of the SE constructions, their overall performance on these items was significantly inferior to that of White Ss. Conversely, their repetition of NSE items was significantly superior to that of White Ss. The implications of these findings for the clinical language assessment of Coloured children were discussed.
Dominance of climate warming effects on recent drying trends over wet monsoon regions
Authors: Park Chang-Eui , Jeong Su-Jong , Ho Chang-Hoi , Park Hoonyoung , Piao Shilong , Kim Jinwon , Feng Song 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Understanding changes in background dryness over land is key information for adapting to climate change because of its critical socioeconomic consequences. However, causes of continental dryness changes remain uncertain because various climate parameters control dryness. Here, we verify dominant climate variables determining dryness trends over continental eastern Asia, which is characterized by diverse hydroclimate regimes ranging from arid to humid, by quantifying the relative effects of changes in precipitation, solar radiation, wind speed, surface air temperature, and relative humidity on trends in the aridity index based on observed data from 189 weather stations for the period of 1961–2010. Before the early 1980s (1961–1983), change in precipitation is a primary condition for determining aridity trends. In the later period (1984–2010), the dominant climate parameter for aridity trends varies according to the hydroclimate regime. Drying trends in arid regions are mostly explained by reduced precipitation. In contrast, the increase in potential evapotranspiration due to increased atmospheric water-holding capacity, a secondary impact of warming, works to increase aridity over the humid monsoon region despite an enhanced water supply and relatively less warming. Our results show significant drying effects of warming over the humid monsoon region in recent decades; this also supports the drying trends over warm and water-sufficient regions in future climate.