bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitudes towards migrants and preferences for asylum and refugee policies before and during russian invasion of ukraine: The case of slovakia
Authors: Adamus Magdalena , Grežo Matúš 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExtant literature shows that well-being is one of the key drivers of attitudes towards migrants as well as preferences for asylum and refugee policies. Less in is known, however, about the relationship between well-being and attitudes towards migrants during sudden micro-level events that may elicit the sense of existential threat. To investigate the underpinnings of these relationships, two studies on samples of 600 Slovaks each were conducted before the Russian invasion of Ukraine and during its initial phase. The results show that well-being had a stable positive relationship with attitudes towards migrants across the studies, albeit not with preferences for asylum and refugee policies. During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the negative feelings elicited by the war predicted preferences for asylum and refugee policies beyond well-being. The results indicate that incorporating psychological factors, such as emotional responses to the looming threat of war, may considerably inform the debate surrounding the support for inclusive asylum and refugee policies.
Roles of different organizations in implementing patient-reported measures in routine maternity care in Finland
Authors: Väyrynen Kirsi Marja-Leena , Chen An , Heinonen Seppo , Tekay Aydin , Torkki Paulus 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
The integration of patient-centered care (PCC) and value-based healthcare (VBHC) principles, emphasizing personalized, responsive care and cost efficiency, is crucial in modern healthcare. Despite advocation from the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) for the global adoption of these principles through patient-reported measures (PRMs), their implementation, especially the pregnancy and childbirth (PCB) set, remains limited in maternity care. This study focuses on understanding the optimal organizational entity for integrating standard ICHOM-PCB-PRMs into routine maternity care in Finland. It aims to clarify the distribution of tasks among stakeholders and gather Finnish maternity healthcare professionals’ perspectives on organizational responsibility in PRM collection. The emphasis was on identifying the optimal organizational framework for managing PRMs in maternity care.

Results
A total of 66 maternity healthcare professionals participated in the study, reaching a consensus that public maternity care centers in Finland should be the primary entity responsible for managing PRMs in the maternity sector. Key aspects such as confidence with the role as a mother, maternal confidence with breastfeeding, and satisfaction with the result of care were identified as crucial and should be inquired about in both public maternity care centers and hospital maternity wards. The findings highlight the importance of comprehensive and consistent attention to these PRMs across public maternity care centers and hospital maternity settings to ensure holistic and effective maternal care.

Conclusions
The study highlights the central role of public maternity care centers in the collection and management of PRMs within Finnish maternity care, as agreed upon by the professional consensus. It underscores the importance of a consistent and holistic approach to PRM inquiry across different care settings to enhance the quality and effectiveness of maternity care. This finding is crucial for policymakers and healthcare practitioners, suggesting that reinforcing the collaborative efforts between public maternity care centers and hospital maternity wards is vital for a patient-centric, efficient healthcare system. Aligning with PCC and VBHC principles, this approach aims to improve healthcare outcomes for pregnant and postpartum women in Finland, emphasizing the need for a unified strategy in managing maternity care.
Discovering API usage specifications for security detection using two-stage code mining
Authors: Yin Zhongxu , Song Yiran , Zong Guoxiao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAn application programming interface (API) usage specification, which includes the conditions, calling sequences, and semantic relationships of the API, is important for verifying its correct usage, which is in turn critical for ensuring the security and availability of the target program. However, existing techniques either mine the co-occurring relationships of multiple APIs without considering their semantic relationships, or they use data flow and control flow information to extract semantic beliefs on API pairs but difficult to incorporate when mining specifications for multiple APIs. Hence, we propose an API specification mining approach that efficiently extracts a relatively complete list of the API combinations and semantic relationships between APIs. This approach analyzes a target program in two stages. The first stage uses frequent API set mining based on frequent common API identification and filtration to extract the maximal set of frequent context-sensitive API sequences. In the second stage, the API relationship graph is constructed using three semantic relationships extracted from the symbolic path information, and the specifications containing semantic relationships for multiple APIs are mined. The experimental results on six popular open-source code bases of different scales show that the proposed two-stage approach not only yields better results than existing typical approaches, but also can effectively discover the specifications along with the semantic relationships for multiple APIs. Instance analysis shows that the analysis of security-related API call violations can assist in the cause analysis and patch of software vulnerabilities.
The Egyptian 24-h movement guidelines for children and adolescents: an integration of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep and eating habits—by the Egyptian Academy of Bone and Muscle health
Authors: El Miedany Y. , Lotfy Hala , Hegazy Laila A.G. , Elgaafary Maha , Mahran Safaa , Plummer Susan , Elwakil Walaa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
The objectives of this work were as follows: (1) to develop holistic recommendations for physical activity, sleep, sedentary behaviours and eating habits adapted to children and adolescent life stage (5–17 years) and targeting optimal metabolic cycle and achieving energy balance; (2) to provide evidence-based information that can be used by the government, policy makers, healthcare professionals, community, schools as well as families to endorse active, healthy, living in apparently healthy children and youth aged 5–17 years, and as a base for monitoring the activities, particularly the physical ones, on the people level. The Egyptian Academy of Bone and Muscle Health followed an established guideline development process to create the Egyptian 24-h movement clinical guideline for children and adolescents. Online databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library) were searched for relevant peer-reviewed studies that met the a priori inclusion criteria.

Results
A total of 41 studies met the inclusion criteria. Leveraging evidence from the review of the literature led to the development of 11 key questions covering 8 domains. Fifteen statements focus on the overall identified targets through integration of the movement activities and eating behaviour. Results revealed a major change in the previous basic understandings as it shifts away from segregated into integrated movement behaviour and dietary habit paradigm. Based on this, the final guideline was developed providing evidence-based recommendations for a “Healthy 24-h day”, for Egyptian children and adolescents.

Conclusion
The 24-h composition of movement behaviours has principal implications for health at all ages. The developed guideline provides an up-to-date evidence-based recommendation towards a holistic approach for favourable daily life activities and adopts a feasible perspective by outlining these activities within a 24-h period. In addition, eating and dietary elements have been included to complete the energy cycle. Children and adolescents who meet the 24-h movement guidelines generally report more favourable health indicators than those who do not.
Gene expression profile comparison of primary and pulmonary metastatic lesions in a dog with appendicular osteosarcoma and hypertrophic osteopathy
Authors: Kitagawa Keita , Dryfhout Jessica , Engleberg Alexander I. , Yang Ya-Ting , Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan Vilma , Vilar-Saavedra Paulo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHypertrophic osteopathy (HO) is a paraneoplastic syndrome, and the most notable cause in dogs is pulmonary metastatic osteosarcoma (OSA). Although many molecular factors in canine OSA have been shown in metastasis, little is known about the gene expression profile of HO secondary to metastatic OSA. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the gene expression profiles between primary and metastatic OSA lesions from the same dog and to look for gene expression changes that can elucidate the molecular mechanism of metastases and HO. Tumoral samples were obtained from a 2-year-old, intact male, Labrador retriever. At the first visit, the patient presented with an appendicular OSA as the primary lesion. About 10 months later, the dog developed HO due to a single pulmonary metastasis. Using these primary and metastatic samples from the same dog, as well as normal canine osteoblasts, we investigated the gene expression profiling using the NanoString nCounter® Canine IO panel. A total of 180 differentially expressed genes were identified between malignant OSA cells and non-malignant canine osteoblasts. Furthermore, 5 genes (CCL17, VEGFC, C3, C4BPA, and FOS) were differentially expressed in comparison between primary and metastatic OSA samples. CCL17 and VEGFC were upregulated in the primary lesion compared to the metastatic lesion, while C3, C4BPA, and FOS were downregulated in the primary lesion relative to the metastatic lesion. Given that the metastatic lesion was relevant to the development of HO, the different gene expression profiles may be relevant to understanding the pathophysiology of HO.
Understanding the medication regimens associated with anticholinergic burden in older people's mental health services in the UK
Authors: Barnes Thomas R. E. , Bishara Delia , Burns Alistair , Myint Phyo K. , Rendora Olivia , Edokpolor Pernia Elena M. , Paton Carol 
Published: October 2024

Background
Medications with anticholinergic properties are associated with a range of adverse effects that tend to be worse in older people.

Aims
To investigate medication regimens with high anticholinergic burden, prescribed for older adults under the care of mental health services.

Method
Clinical audit of prescribing practice, using a standardised data collection tool.

Results
Fifty-seven trusts/healthcare organisations submitted data on medicines prescribed for 7915 patients: two-thirds (66%) were prescribed medication with anticholinergic properties, while just under a quarter (23%) had a medication regimen with high anticholinergic burden (total score ≥3 on the anticholinergic effect on cognition (AEC) scale). Some 16% of patients with a diagnosis of dementia or mild cognitive impairment were prescribed medication regimens with a high anticholinergic burden, compared with 35% of those without such diagnoses. A high anticholinergic burden was mostly because of combinations of commonly prescribed psychotropic medications, principally antidepressant and antipsychotic medications with individual AEC scores of 1 or 2.

Conclusions
Adults under the care of older people's mental health services are commonly prescribed multiple medications for psychiatric and physical disorders; these medication regimens can have a high anticholinergic burden, often an inadvertent consequence of the co-prescription of medications with modest anticholinergic activity. Prescribers for older adults should assess the anticholinergic burden of medication regimens, assiduously check for adverse anticholinergic effects and consider alternative medications with less anticholinergic effect where indicated. The use of a scale, such as the AEC, which identifies the level of central anticholinergic activity of relevant medications, can be a helpful clinical guide.
A randomized phase II study evaluating concurrent or sequential fixed-dose immune therapy in combination with cisplatin and intensity-modulated radiotherapy in intermediate- or high-risk, previously untreated, locally advanced head and neck cancer (LA SCCHN).
Authors: Clump David Anthony , Zandberg Dan Paul , Skinner Heath Devin , Ohr James , Fenton Moon Jung , Normolle Daniel Paul , Beitler Jonathan Jay , Bauman Julie E. , Ferris Robert L. 
Published: October 2024

6007

Background:
Optimal timing, either concurrent or sequential, of anti-programmed death (PD)-1 antibody with chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for LA SCCHN is unknown. Recently, JAVELIN-100 showed no benefit of adding concurrent avelumab to CRT.
Methods:
In this randomized, phase 2 study, patients (pts) with intermediate risk human papillomavirus (HPV) positive oropharyngeal ( > 10 pack years or T4 or N3) or HPV negative previously-untreated LA SCCHN of the oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, or oral cavity (unselected PD-L1 status) were randomized 1:1 (stratified by HPV and nodal stage) to receive CRT (cisplatin 40 mg/m
2
weekly + radiation therapy consisting of 70 Gy in 35 fractions and concurrent or sequential pembrolizumab (pembro) 200 mg q 3 week X 8 doses total. Pembro was started 1 week prior to CRT and 2 weeks after CRT in the concurrent and sequential arms respectively. The primary objective was to evaluate two schedules of pembro (concurrent vs. sequential) combined with CRT in order to recommend the regimen to be tested subsequently. The study was powered to detect a signal of antagonism, defined as a 1-year local failure rate exceeding 60% and each arm had to meet all of the following: dose limiting toxicity (DLT) rate £ 20%, 1-year local failure rate (LRF) < 60%, and 1-year PFS ³ 60%. If all three were met the arm with a numerically superior 1-year PFS would be selected for further study. Extensive correlatives were collected and will be reported in the future.
Results:
Between 05/2016 and 05/2021, 80 patients were randomized, 41 participants received concurrent while 39 patients received sequential pembro along with CRT. Minimum follow-up is 9 months with a median > 24 months. Both treatment schedules met the predefined composite endpoints of rate of DLT, LRF, and 1-year PFS. The 1 and 2-year PFS for sequential pembro of 89% was numerically higher than that of 82% and 78% for concurrent pembro. OS at 1 and 2 years was 94% for sequential and 82% and 78% for concurrent pembro. Median PFS and OS was not reached in either arm. 3-year PFS and OS will be reported along with PD-L1 status and other exploratory correlatives. Grade 3 adverse events were 76.7% with concurrent vs 58.9% with sequential pembro added to CRT. There were 2 Grade 5 events with sequential and 3 Grade 5 with concurrent pembro.
Conclusions:
This randomized phase II trial evaluated fixed-dose concurrent versus sequential pembro added to standard CRT in LA SCCHN. Sequential pembro had a numerically superior 1 and 2-year PFS compared to concurrent therapy. Sequential pembro is the preferred regimen to compare with standard of care CRT for LA SCCHN in a phase III trial.
Clinical trial information: NCT02777385.
Phase I results of gunagratinib (ICP-192), a highly selective irreversible FGFR 1-4 inhibitor in patients with head and neck cancer harboring FGF/FGFR gene aberrations.
Authors: Guo Ye , Li Qun , Tang Wenbo , Lin Fengjuan , Xue Junli , Xue Liqiong , Ge Xiaoxiao , Zhao Wei , Zhou Wei , Zhao Renbin , Zhang Bin , Li Jin 
Published: October 2024

6039

Background:
The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and FGF receptor (FGFR) signaling pathway has been evaluated as critical driver of carcinogenesis in multiple cancer types. However, primary results of several FGFR inhibitors showed no or limited response in head and neck cancer (HNC) with FGF/FGFR gene aberrations. Here, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of a novel irreversible pan-FGFR inhibitor gunagratinib in HNC in a first-in-human, phase I/IIa, dose escalation and dose expansion study (ICP-CL-00301 NCT03758664).
Methods:
In the dose-escalation stage of ICP-CL-00301 study, patients with advanced solid tumors (including HNC) with or without FGF/FGFR gene alterations were treated with escalating doses (range: 2mg-26mg) of gunagratinib once daily in 21-day cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Results:
12 HNC patients with or without FGF/FGFR aberrations, including FGF amplification and FGFR mutation, were treated with escalating doses (range: 14mg-22mg) of gunagratinib. Among them, 9 patients harbored FGF/FGFR gene alterations with at least one tumor assessment. The median age of the 12 treated HNC patients was 56 (range: 44 to 75 years) with 75% male and ECOG performance status 1. Among the 9 HNC patients with FGF/FGFR gene aberrations who have completed at least one tumor assessment, 3 patients had partial response (PR), the overall response rate (ORR) was 33.3% (3 of 9 patients). The disease control rate (DCR) was 66.7% (6 of 9 patients). Total of 62 patients with solid tumor were enrolled in ICP-CL-00301 study. The most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) (≥15%) included hyperphosphatemia, diarrhea, increased ALT or AST, increased alkaline phosphatase, hypercalcemia, increased serum creatinine, dry mouth, hypertriglyceridemia, anemia and hyperuricemia. In ICP-CL-00301 study, 3 serious TRAEs were reported, and no serious TRAE were reported in HNC patients.
Conclusions:
This study demonstrated the anti-tumor activity of gunagratinib in HNC patients carrying FGF/FGFR gene aberrations with an ORR of 33.3%. Gunagratinib is safe and well-tolerated in patients with advanced solid tumors including HNC.
Clinical trial information: NCT03758664.

Tumor histological type and gene alteration type.

Histological Type

N=12
[1]

squamous cell cancer
8

Ameloblastic carcinoma
2

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
3

Gene alterations Type

N=10
[2]

FGF
7

FGFR
3

[1]
One patient was a nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient with tongue squamous cell cancer.
[2]
One patient had no imaging tumor evaluation.
PDS0101, a novel type I interferon and CD8 T-cell activating immunotherapy, in combination with pembrolizumab in subjects with recurrent/metastatic HPV16-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
Authors: Weiss Jared , Chintakuntlawar Ashish V. , Price Katharine Andress Rowe , Kaczmar John M. , Riebel Nathalie , Bedu-Addo Frank K , Chaney Marya F. , Wood Lauren V 
Published: October 2024

6041

Background:
Human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 oncoproteins mediate immune evasion by down-regulating Type 1 interferons, TLR9, MHC Class I/II as well as other mechanisms, resulting in persistent infection and initiation of ̃5% of all cancers globally. Similarly, established cancers evade immune surveillance utilizing parallel mechanisms including the expression of checkpoint proteins. PDS0101 is a molecularly targeted immunotherapeutic based on an enantiospecific cationic lipid nanoparticle platform containing HPV16 neoantigens that exhibits anti-tumor activity with checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) by upregulating Type I interferons and promoting antigen processing and cross presentation. This allows generation of high levels of polyfunctional HPV16-specific CD8 and CD4 T cells
in vivo
as well as immune memory. VERSATILE-002 (NCT04260126) is a phase 2 study of the combination of PDS0101 and pembrolizumab in treatment of CPI naïve and refractory patients with recurrent or metastatic HPV16-related HNSCC. Herein, we report preliminary safety and efficacy data for CPI naïve patients at a prespecified interim analysis.
Methods:
Subjects are treated with pembrolizumab 200mg IV every three weeks plus SC PDS0101 following pembrolizumab on days one of Cycles1-4 and Cycle12; pembrolizumab continues up until 35 cycles, disease progression or intolerance to therapy.
Results:
Eighteen CPI naïve subjects with confirmed HPV16 tumors and a CPS score > = 1, median age 62 yrs (range 46-71), all male, 17 (94%) of whom were White and 16 (88.9%) not Hispanic or Latino, received at least one cycle of combination therapy. At the time of analysis, 17 (94%) subjects had received > = 4 doses of PDS0101 (median 4, range 1-5) and pembrolizumab (median 7, range 1-14). There were no Grade 3 or greater treatment-related toxicities and no drug discontinuation related to toxicity or immune-related AEs. Clinical activity (CR+PR+SD) was seen in 13 (72.2%) of 18 subjects, with best overall reponse per RECIST1.1 documenting: OR in 7 (38.9%; 2 CR, 5PR); stable disease (SD) in 6 (33.3%) and progressive disease in 3 (16.7%); 2 subjects had missing data. Tumor reduction was seen in 4 of 6 (67%) subjects with SD. Nine-month PFS and OS rates (95% CI) were 52% (22.5, 74.7) and 81% (37.8, 95.5) respectively; median PFS and OS have not been reached.
Conclusions:
The combination of PDS0101 and pembrolizumab demonstrates an excellent safety profile with preliminary evidence of clinical activity in the majority of CPI naïve patients with HPV-related HNSCC.
Clinical trial information: NCT04260126.
Refueling a Quiet Fire: Old Truthers and New Discontent in the Wake of COVID-19
Authors: Beccari Gabriele , Giaccherini Matilde , Kopinska Joanna , Rovigatti Gabriele 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article investigates the factors that contributed to the proliferation of online COVID skepticism on Twitter across Italian municipalities in 2020. We demonstrate that sociodemographic factors were likely to mitigate the emergence of skepticism, whereas populist political leanings were more likely to foster it. Furthermore, pre-COVID anti-vaccine sentiment, represented by “old truthers” on Twitter, amplified online COVID skepticism in local communities. Additionally, exploiting the spatial variation in restrictive economic policies with severe implications for suspended workers in nonessential economic sectors, we find that COVID skepticism spreads more in municipalities significantly affected by the economic lockdown. Finally, the diffusion of COVID skepticism is positively associated with COVID vaccine hesitancy.
Role of Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) in the Management of Failed Back Surgery Syndrome (FBSS) - a Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Połujański Paweł , Kowal Joanna , Cyran Piotr , Jaroszyńska Anna , Jaroszyński Filip , Paleczny Jan , Parobczak Robert , Winciorek Joanna , Wiśniewska Adrianna 
Published: October 2024

Study Design

A literature review.

Objective

The assessment of the efficacy of Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) in treatment of Failed Back Surgery Syndrome (FBSS) in terms of chronic pain management, reducing the use of pain medication, improvement of the overall quality of life and cost-effectiveness of the method in comparison to conventional medical management (CMM) and spinal revision surgery.

Methods

A review of the clinical data from prospective studies, clinical trials and systematic reviews was conducted to provide on overview of the effectiveness of Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) in treatment of Failed Back Surgery Syndrome (FBSS).

Results and Conclusion

Numerous studies have proven the efficacy and safety of SCS in this patient population, in terms of managing neuropathic pain, reduction of pain medication use, quality of life improvement and cost-effectiveness as compared to CMM and re-operation. Careful preoperative patient selection and psychological screening is required in order to ensures optimal treatment results.