bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conversion of UKA to TKA using identical standard implants—How does it compare to primary UKA, primary TKA and revision TKA?
Authors: Scheele Christian B. , Pietschmann Matthias F. , Wagner Thomas C. , Müller Peter E. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
UKA is a well-established treatment option for anteromedial osteoarthritis of the knee, resulting in superior functional outcomes but also higher revision rates than TKA. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of UKA, TKA, UKA converted to TKA using identical standard implants and revised TKA to support clinical decision-making.

Methods
In this study, we retrospectively examined 116 patients who underwent UKA, 77 patients who received TKA, 28 patients whose UKA was converted to TKA using identical standard implants, and 21 patients who had a one-stage revision of TKA. The mean age at operation was 66.5 years (39–90 years), with a mean BMI of 28.8 kg/m2 (17.4–58.8) and a mean follow-up period of four years (0.9–9.9 years). We assessed various PROMs, including Oxford Knee Score, UCLA score, KSS score, and a modified WOMAC-Score as well as patient satisfaction and ability to resume daily activities, work, and sports.

Results
The highest patient satisfaction was seen in the UKA. All scores were significantly higher for UKA than for TKA, converted UKA, and revised TKA. None of the scores showed a significant inferiority of converted UKA to TKA. In the case of revision, two scores showed significantly better results for converted UKA than for revised TKA.

Conclusions
Our results indicated that patients initially treated with UKA did not have significantly worse functional outcomes after conversion to TKA, given the use of identical standard implants. This highlights the effectiveness of UKA as a therapeutic option with outcomes superior to those of primary TKA and the importance of a bone-sparing procedure. Conversely, revision TKA is linked to poorer functional outcomes compared to both primary arthroplasties.
Study of the volatile compounds of dry fermented sausage with salt reduction and its relationship with sensory acceptance
Authors: de Almeida Marcio Aurélio , Fadda Silvina G. , Vicente Miguel Ángel Sentandreu , Villanueva Nilda Doris Montes , da Silva Pinto Jair Sebastião , Castillo Carmen Josefina Contreras 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn many industrialised countries, sodium intake exceeds the nutritional guidelines. High sodium intake has been associated with health problems, such as arterial hypertension and, consequently, a higher health risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate overall quality of salamis with reduced sodium content by analysing aldehydes, proteolysis, and lipolysis, as well as to verify the correlation between sensory acceptance and volatile compounds. Four formulations were prepared replacing NaCl by a mixture of KCI and CaCl2. Two controls, one with a high level and the other with a low NaCl level were also included in the study. Water activity and pH levels were monitored in all samples. Volatile compounds were measured, in particular, hexanal, 2,4-decadienal and 3-methylbutanal. Finally, a sensory acceptance test was carried out using potential consumers. The results highlighted a relation between aldehyde concentration and sensory acceptance, hexanal/3-methybutanal ratio, that may be a marker of partial NaCl substitution in salami. Thus, our results may be used to guide the use of NaCl substitution by KCl/CaCl2 in terms of volatile compounds.
Graphical Abstract
Lesion conspicuity and contrast kinetics as predictors to differentiate benign and malignant breast lesions in contrast-enhanced mammogram
Authors: Dharmalingam Porkodi , Jagannathan Devimeenal 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) is a recently developed, cost-effective imaging technique that offers both anatomical and functional breast imaging. Lesion conspicuity, a newly introduced lexicon in the ACR BIRADS supplementary atlas on CEM (2022), lacks sufficient data to correlate with malignancy likelihood. The feasibility of assessing contrast kinetics with CEM remains uncertain, and there is a scarcity of available data. Our research aims to address these gaps.

Results
Two radiologists, blinded to pathological reports, independently evaluated 504 CEM enhanced breast lesions with histopathology reports, out of which 176 were benign and 328 were malignant. Subjective qualitative assessment of lesion conspicuity and contrast kinetics was done for each enhancing lesion. The lesion conspicuity was classified as low, moderate, or high. The kinetic behavior of each lesion was categorized into either persistent, plateau, or washout. The distribution of lesion conspicuity among benign and malignant lesions, respectively, was as follows: for low conspicuity, 74.4% versus 25.6%; for moderate conspicuity, 30.6% versus 69.4%; and for high conspicuity, 8.4% versus 91.6%. Regarding contrast kinetics and their distribution between benign and malignant lesions, persistent kinetics was detected in 95.6% compared to 4.4%, plateau kinetics in 43.4% versus 56.6%, and washout kinetics in 3.5% versus 96.5%. Statistically significant differences in distribution between benign and malignant lesions were observed for both lexicons (P < 0.001). The inter-observer agreement for lesion conspicuity (kappa = 0.97) and contrast kinetics (kappa = 0.92) was deemed excellent.

Conclusion
The addition of lesion conspicuity and contrast kinetics as lexicons in CEM could enhance its diagnostic accuracy.
Innovative K-band slot antenna array for radar applications
Authors: Elnady Shaza M. , Abd El-Hameed Anwer S. , Ouf Eman G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article introduces a novel microstrip slot antenna array (SAA) configuration for radar applications. The proposed antenna is specifically designed for operation in the K-band, spanning from 23 to 24.3 GHz. The antenna structure comprises two substrates: the feed network and ground plane are on the bottom substrate, and the radiating slots are on the top layer of the first substrate. The incorporation of a unique grid feed configuration, featuring 50 Ohm center excitation for the first time, improves the feed mechanism of the microstrip SAA. This innovation contributes to achieving a compact size and high gain. To enhance the side lobe level, the design incorporates a substrate-integrated waveguide-backed cavity, which significantly reduces surface waves. The SAA consists of 25 radiating elements with a gain of 14 dBi. In the elevation and azimuth planes, the half-power beamwidths are measured at 12.1° and 69.1°, respectively. The proposed antenna array’s measured impedance bandwidth ranges from 23.15 to 24.75 GHz, guaranteeing a reflection coefficient (S11) of less than − 10 dB. The suggested antenna's applicability for automotive multi-input multi-output radar has been validated.
Generation of empty cell envelopes of Streptococcus pyogenes using biosurfactants
Authors: Abdelfattah Amany , Amin Heba M. , Rabea Sameh , Samir Reham 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Bacterial ghost cells (BGCs) are cell envelopes that devoid of cytoplasmic and genetic contents in purpose of variable applications, including their great potential as vaccine candidates and their effectiveness as delivery systems for drugs and proteins. To our knowledge, this is the first study to produce Gram-positive BGCs by treating Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) ATCC 19615 with Tween80 (TW80) or TritonX-100 (TX100), followed by preliminary testing of their antigenicity and safety in NIH/Ola-Hsd mice. The produced BGCs were confirmed by the presence of intact cells under a light microscope, the absence of growth signs upon re-cultivation. The transmembrane tunnels were visualized using a scanning electron microscope, and subsequently, considerable quantities of released DNA and protein were detected in the culture supernatant of the BGCs. The antigenicity of the produced BGCs was tested through three intra-nasal immunization doses followed by infection. Afterward, the opsonic activity and the IgG levels were measured, followed by a comprehensive histopathological examination for selected tissues and organs.

Results
The sera of immunized mice exhibited a significant rise in both opsonic activity (TW80 produced BGC = 68% and TX100 produced BGC = 75%) and IgG levels (TW80 produced BGC = a threefold increase and TX100 produced BGC = a fourfold increase) when compared to the positive control group "non-immunized challenged with ATCC 19615." Histopathological analysis revealed that the BGCs produced by TW80 are relatively safer and have a less severe impact than those produced by TX100.

Conclusion
The study's findings suggest that Sp-BGC/TW80 is initially effective and safe in vivo. However, further pre-clinical studies are necessary to confirm its effectiveness and ensure complete safety, specifically in terms of the absence of autoimmunity and antibody cross-reactivity with myosin proteins in human cardiac tissues.
Citrus aurantifolia-derived carbon quantum dots with red fluorescence emission for codelivery with curcumin as theranostic liposomes for lung cancer
Authors: Sonowal Angshuman , Bharali Alakesh , Saikia Trideep , Kushari Susankar , Lahon Madhuchandra , Kalita Jun Moni , Biswas Nikhil , Laloo Damiki , Sahu Bhanu P. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Carbon dots (CDs) derived from Citrus aurantifolia represent a promising platform for advanced cancer therapy and diagnostics (theranostics). These CDs are synthesized through a sustainable and cost-effective hydrothermal method, utilizing fruit juice as a green carbon source. Despite the potential, research on the synthesis of citrus-based CDs, especially regarding their red fluorescence emission, which is crucial for enhanced tissue penetration and biomedical efficacy, remains limited.

Results
In this study, CDs were successfully synthesized from C. aurantifolia fruit, yielding nanoparticles below 5 nm in size (PDI 0.231 ± 0.04). Characterization revealed favorable optical properties, including excitation-dependent fluorescent behavior with prominent red emission under higher excitation wavelengths, a quantum yield of 8.17%, and stable photoluminescence. Chemical composition analysis using XPS, FTIR, and XRD confirmed the purity and structure of the CDs.
To explore their biomedical application, CDs were co-loaded with curcumin into liposomes. The formulations had a mean size of 177.2 ± 3.6 nm (PDI 0.270 ± 0.012), demonstrated efficient drug entrapment (60.32 ± 2.24%), and exhibited rapid release kinetics, with 90.21 ± 2.16% of the drug release within 8 h. In vitro studies using A549 lung cancer cells demonstrated superior cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of Cur-CD-loaded liposomes compared to curcumin alone (Cur-Suspension), achieving IC50 values of 0.093 ± 0.011 µg/ml and 0.016 ± 0.006 µg/ml, respectively.

Conclusion
This research underscores C. aurantifolia as a viable natural source for green CD synthesis. The obtained CDs with red fluorescence emission, optimized through reaction conditions and excitation wavelengths, hold promise for enhanced biological applications, particularly in the realm of lung cancer therapy. The findings advocate for further exploration and refinement of citrus-based CDs as versatile theranostic agents, capitalizing on their sustainable origins and potent biomedical properties. The combination of citrus-derived CDs with curcumin loaded into liposomal formulations represents a potent theranostic strategy for lung cancer treatment, leveraging the unique properties of CDs and their potential for targeted and effective therapy.

Graphical abstract
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. (Night Jasmine): extraction techniques, phytochemical constituents, and biological impacts of extracts and essential oil
Authors: Ashokkumar Kaliyaperumal , Dharshini Meenakchisundaram , Janani Thirugnanam , Shrravani Sri Venkatasubramaniyan , Subhasidha Ramachandran 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. is a small, sacred ornamental tree used in prayer. It is renowned throughout India for its aromatic white blossoms. The entire plant was widely used for several health applications particularly root and bark were used to treat fever and cough, respectively. Also, the leaf was used for managing fever and diabetes, and its cholagogue, diaphoretic, and anthelmintic properties.

Main text
The current review aimed to comprehensively analyze the botanical characteristics, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of N. arbor-tristis essential oil (NAEO) and extracts. Additionally, it wants to emphasize the latest advancements in phytochemistry and pharmacology related to this aromatic plant. Depending on the variety, origin, and plant parts used, the NAEO yield ranged from 0.002 to 0.10% on a dry basis. The NAEO has been investigated in only a few research studies and resulted, in the predominant levels of phytol and methyl palmitate chemical compounds. Furthermore, the NAEO was found to have significant volatile chemical constituents, including geranylgeraniol, phytoene, nonadecane, linalool, and various other miscellaneous chemical components. The plant extracts and NAEO have numerous biological properties, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, larvicidal, and other miscellaneous activities.

Conclusion
This paper analyzes and summarizes the diverse research potential associated with N. arbor-tristis. The results of the present study suggested that most of the biological and pharmacological investigations were carried out without including dosage, positive controls, and negative controls. Furthermore, several pharmacological investigations were exclusively carried out using cell lines and animal models. Hence, the following research endeavors aimed at assessing the medicinal properties of NAEO and extracts in human subjects would broaden the scope of its utilization.

Graphical abstract
Radiofrequency stimulation of the dorsal root ganglion as a diagnostic tool for radicular pain syndromes: six representative cases
Authors: Demartini Laura , Abbott David Michael , Bonezzi Cesare , Natoli Silvia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
We discuss the diagnostic benefit of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in a case series of patients with different pathologies. We expand the diagnostic potential of DRG stimulation beyond paresthesia mapping by using DRG stimulation to help determine the role of the DRG in the patient’s pain and narrow down the etiology. In some cases, DRG stimulation was also part of the treatment plan.

Methods
Six patients underwent DRG radiofrequency as a diagnostic/therapeutic step before considering implantation of a DRG neurostimulator. First, patients underwent a basic bedside neurological evaluation. Next, an electrode was placed in the epidural space through the sacral hiatus or between vertebral laminae. Then, sensory stimulation was applied at 50 Hz and gradually increased from 0.1 V until the patient reported paresthesia or until a maximum intensity of 2 V was reached. Patients were asked to describe where the stimulation was felt and outline the anatomical area the paresthesia covered. Then a motor stimulation was applied at 2 Hz until muscle twitching was reported by the patient or observed by the physician.

Results
The information obtained helped diagnose the type of lesion as principally preganglionic, ganglionic, or postganglionic. This information guided patient management.

Conclusion
PRF of the DRG can provide valuable diagnostic information and is a useful step before ganglionic electrode implantation. In all cases, PRF of the DRG provided valuable diagnostic information and guided management options.
Assessment of flood vulnerability in Osun River Basin using AHP method
Authors: Ogundolie O. I. , Olabiyisi S. O. , Ganiyu R. A. , Jeremiah Y. S. , Ogundolie F. A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFlooding is a global natural disaster that occurs when water rises over normal levels and damages infrastructure, buildings, and land. Lately, a substantial rise has occurred in the frequency and severity of floods in Nigeria due to urbanization, population growth and climate change. This study aims to identify areas in the Osun River Basin (ORB) in southwest Nigeria that are at risk of flooding as a result of increased rainfall patterns that can induce river flooding. 10 flood factors contributing to flood susceptibility were obtained around the study area. These remote sensing data were analyzed using a weighted overlay on ArcGIS. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was particularly applied in analysing the flood factors and creating the flood susceptibility maps. Results obtained showed that flood events are probable in areas along the river bank, some areas that are low-lying terrains and areas where there is high rainfall. Ogun State falls within the areas with the lowest digital elevation, therefore the state is very highly susceptible to flooding from the tributaries of the Osun River. Areas such as Ijebu North, Ijebu North East, Ijebu East and Ijebu Ode were identified as highly susceptible to flooding from the maps created. This study will further help stakeholders and policymakers in reducing the impact of flooding in these areas.
Perioperative Regional Anesthesia on Persistent Opioid Use and Chronic Pain after Noncardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Pepper Connor G. , Mikhaeil John S. , Khan James S. 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
Whether regional anesthesia impacts the development of chronic postsurgical pain is currently debateable, and few studies have evaluated an effect on prolonged opioid use. We sought to systematically review the effect of regional anesthesia for adults undergoing noncardiac elective surgery on these outcomes.

METHODS:
A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and CINHAL for randomized controlled trials (from inception to April 2022) of adult patients undergoing elective noncardiac surgeries that evaluated any regional technique and included one of our primary outcomes: (1) prolonged opioid use after surgery (continued opioid use ≥2 months postsurgery) and (2) chronic postsurgical pain (pain ≥3 months postsurgery). We conducted a random-effects meta-analysis on the specified outcomes and used the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) approach to rate the quality of evidence.

RESULTS:
Thirty-seven studies were included in the review. Pooled estimates indicated that regional anesthesia had a significant effect on reducing prolonged opioid use (relative risk [RR] 0.48, 95% CI, 0.24–0.96, P = .04, I2 0%, 5 trials, n = 348 patients, GRADE low quality). Pooled estimates for chronic pain also indicated a significant effect favoring regional anesthesia at 3 (RR, 0.74, 95% CI, 0.59–0.93, P = .01, I2 77%, 15 trials, n = 1489 patients, GRADE moderate quality) and 6 months (RR, 0.72, 95% CI, 0.61–0.85, P < .001, I2 54%, 19 trials, n = 3457 patients, GRADE moderate quality) after surgery. No effect was found in the pooled analysis at 12 months postsurgery (RR, 0.44, 95% CI, 0.16–1.17, P = .10).

CONCLUSIONS:
The results of this study suggest that regional anesthesia potentially reduces chronic postsurgical pain up to 6 months after surgery. Our findings also suggest a potential decrease in the development of persistent opioid use.
Decision Making Under Cumulative Prospect Theory: An Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers
Authors: Cui Xiangyu , Jiang Rujun , Shi Yun , Xiao Rufeng , Yan Yifan 
Published: September 2024

This paper proposes a novel numerical method for solving the problem of decision making under cumulative prospect theory (CPT), where the goal is to maximize utility subject to practical constraints, assuming only finite realizations of the associated distribution are available. Existing methods for CPT optimization rely on particular assumptions that may not hold in practice. To overcome this limitation, we present the first numerical method with a theoretical guarantee for solving CPT optimization using an alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). One of its subproblems involves optimization with the CPT utility subject to a chain constraint, which presents a significant challenge. To address this, we develop two methods for solving this subproblem. The first method uses dynamic programming, whereas the second method is a modified version of the pooling-adjacent-violators algorithm that incorporates the CPT utility function. Moreover, we prove the theoretical convergence of our proposed ADMM method and the two subproblem-solving methods. Finally, we conduct numerical experiments to validate our proposed approach and demonstrate how CPT’s parameters influence investor behavior, using real-world data. History: Accepted by Antonio Frangioni, Area Editor for Design & Analysis of Algorithms: Continuous. Funding: This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 12171100, 71971083, and 72171138], the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai [Grant 22ZR1405100], the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72394360, 72394364], the Program for Innovative Research Team of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics [Grant 2020110930], Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, and the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University. Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2023.0243 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2023.0243 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
Facial venous tumour thrombus from submandibular gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma: an atypical tumour spread in head and neck cancer
Authors: Malik Mariam , Idrees Rana Bilal , Mirza Zeeshan Rashid , Sikandar Sharifa , Nawaz Saba , Khalid Maham , Chaudhary Muhammad Hamid 
Published: September 2024

Background: Tumour thrombus of the facial vein is an exceedingly rare complication arising from mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands. Early detection is pivotal for appropriate management, as delays can lead to metastatic disease, worsening the prognosis. Case description: We present a case involving a 76-year-old male with a history of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the right submandibular gland, previously treated with surgical resection and radiotherapy. The patient, a long-term worker in a rubber factory, presented with a painless, firm swelling in the right cheek, persisting for three months. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) showed distended facial vein with enhancing thrombus confirmed by sonographic correlation demonstrating intralesional vascularity. Cannon ball pulmonary nodules were also noted. Radiological findings led to a core biopsy, confirming tumor thrombosis of the facial vein due to mucoepidermoid carcinoma. However, the patient declined a biopsy of the pulmonary nodules, and has been referred to oncology for further management. Conclusions: This case highlights the critical importance of considering venous tumour thrombus in patients with previous salivary gland malignancies presenting with new or persistent facial swellings. It emphasises the role of advanced imaging techniques in the early identification of this rare entity. Additionally, it stresses the need for healthcare providers to engage in thorough discussions with patients about the potential consequences of forgoing recommended treatments, reinforcing the need for vigilance in monitoring such patients.