bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On Life Cycle Sustainability Unified Analysis
Authors: Kua Harn Wei 
Published: October 2017

SummaryLife cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) does not adequately consider the role of stakeholders in the assessment process, rebound effects, how the concept of vulnerability and resilience are related in a life cycle, and how stakeholders’ risk aversion can be applied to life cycle thinking. Life cycle sustainability unified analysis (LiCSUA) is proposed to address these four issues, while incorporating key features of existing LCSA framework created by Klöpffer and Renner, and the Life Cycle Sustainability Analysis framework proposed under CALCAS. Specifically, as a methodological approach, LiCSUA established the presence of cross‐linking indicators, inter‐ and intradimensional consequences, rebound effects, and potential “transitioning” of these indicators. Stakeholder involvement is effected through a process supported by psychological and sociological theories, and data uncertainties are treated with respect to risk aversion of decision makers who will interpret and apply these data. A mathematical model is also created to link the vulnerability of a life cycle system to stakeholders’ sense of vulnerability, rebound effects, system resilience, interlinkages among life cycle stages, and the adaptive capacity of the life cycle system. Finally, a hypothetical example on wood‐plastic composite is provided to show how the vulnerability and impact caused by a shock can be assessed with the proposed model.
Reactivity and structural evolution of urchin‐like Co nanostructures under controlled environments
Authors: DEMBELE K. , MOLDOVAN S. , HIRLIMANN Ch. , HARMEL J. , SOULANTICA K. , SERP P. , CHAUDRET B. , GAY A.‐S. , MAURY S. , BERLIET A. , FECANT A. , ERSEN O. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryIn situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of samples in a controlled gas environment allows for the real time study of the dynamical changes in nanomaterials at high temperatures and pressures up to the ambient pressure (105 Pa) with a spatial resolution close to the atomic scale. In the field of catalysis, the implementation and quantitative use of in situ procedures are fundamental for a better understanding of the behaviour of catalysts in their environments and operating conditions. By using a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)‐based atmospheric gas cell, we have studied the thermal stability and the reactivity of crystalline cobalt nanostructures with initial ‘urchin‐like’ morphologies sustained by native surface ligands that result from their synthesis reaction. We have evidenced various behaviors of the Co nanostructures that depend on the environment used during the observations. At high temperature under vacuum or in an inert atmosphere, the migration of Co atoms towards the core of the particles is activated and leads to the formation of carbon nanostructures using as a template the initial multipods morphology. In the case of reactive environments, for example, pure oxygen, our investigation allowed to directly monitor the voids formation through the Kirkendall effect. Once the nanostructures were oxidised, it was possible to reduce them back to the metallic phase using a dihydrogen flux. Under a pure hydrogen atmosphere, the sintering of the whole structure occurred, which illustrates the high reactivity of such structures as well as the fundamental role of the present ligands as morphology stabilisers. The last type of environmental study under pure CO and syngas (i.e. a mixture of H2:CO = 2:1) revealed the metal particles carburisation at high temperature.
Chemical imaging of a Symbiodinium sp. cell using synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy: a feasibility study
Authors: GORDON B.R. , MARTIN D.E. , BAMBERY K.R. , MOTTI C.A. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThe symbiotic relationship between corals and Symbiodinium spp. is the key to the success and survival of coral reef ecosystems the world over. Nutrient exchange and chemical communication between the two partners provides the foundation of this key relationship, yet we are far from a complete understanding of these processes. This is due, in part, to the difficulties associated with studying an intracellular symbiosis at the small spatial scales required to elucidate metabolic interactions between the two partners. This feasibility study, which accompanied a more extensive investigation of fixed Symbiodinium cells (data unpublished), examines the potential of using synchrotron radiation infrared microspectroscopy (SR‐IRM) for exploring metabolite localisation within a single Symbiodinium cell. In doing so, three chemically distinct subcellular regions of a single Symbiodinium cell were established and correlated to cellular function based on assignment of diagnostic chemical classes.
Effect of menstrual cycle phase and hormonal treatments on evaluation of tubal patency in baboons
Authors: Jensen Jeffrey T. , Hanna Carol , Mishler Emily , Lim Jeong Y. , Slayden Ov D. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundWe evaluated whether menstrual cycle phase influences the assessment of tubal patency by hysterosalpingography (HSG) in baboons.MethodsRetrospective analysis of baseline tubal patency studies and serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) values obtained from female baboons used as models for development of non‐surgical permanent contraception in women. The main outcome measure was bilateral tubal patency (BTP) in relationship with estradiol level.ResultsFemale baboons (n = 110) underwent a single (n = 81), two (n = 26), or three (n = 3) HSG examinations. In 33/142 (23%) HSG examinations, one or both tubes showed functional occlusion (FO). The median E2 in studies with BTP (49 pg/mL) was significantly higher than in those studies with FO (32 pg/mL, P = .005). Among 18 animals with repeat examinations where serum E2 changed from <60 to ≥ 60 pg/mL, 13 results changed from FO to BTP (P = .0001). No sets showed a change from BTP to FO with an increase in estradiol.ConclusionIn baboons, functional occlusion of the fallopian tube is associated with low estradiol levels, supporting a role for estrogen‐mediated relaxation of the utero‐tubal junction.
Endogenous ghrelin‐O‐acyltransferase (GOAT) acylates local ghrelin in the hippocampus
Authors: Murtuza Mohammad I. , Isokawa Masako 
Published: October 2017

AbstractGhrelin is an appetite‐stimulating peptide. Serine 3 on ghrelin must be acylated by octanoate via the enzyme ghrelin‐O‐acyltransferase (GOAT) for the peptide to bind and activate the cognate receptor, growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1a (GHSR1a). Interest in GHSR1a increased dramatically when GHSR1a mRNA was demonstrated to be widespread in the brain, including the cortex and hippocampus, indicating that it has multifaceted functions beyond the regulation of metabolism. However, the source of octanoylated ghrelin for GHSR1a in the brain, outside of the hypothalamus, is not well understood. Here, we report the presence of GOAT and its ability to acylate non‐octanoylated ghrelin in the hippocampus. GOAT immunoreactivity is aggregated at the base of the dentate granule cell layer in the rat and wild‐type mouse. This immunoreactivity was not affected by the pharmacological inhibition of GHSR1a or the metabolic state‐dependent fluctuation of systemic ghrelin levels. However, it was absent in the GHSR1a knockout mouse hippocampus, pointing the possibility that the expression of GHSR1a may be a prerequisite for the production of GOAT. Application of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)‐conjugated non‐octanoylated ghrelin in live hippocampal slice culture (but not in fixed culture or in the presence of GOAT inhibitors) mimicked the binding profile of FITC‐conjugated octanoylated ghrelin, suggesting that extracellularly applied non‐octanoylated ghrelin was acylated by endogenous GOAT in the live hippocampus while GOAT being mobilized out of neurons. Our results will advance the understanding for the role of endogenous GOAT in the hippocampus and facilitate the search for the source of ghrelin that is intrinsic to the brain.
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Ca2+‐dependent down‐regulation of human histamine H1receptors in Chinese hamster ovary cells
Authors: Hishinuma Shigeru , Komazaki Hiroshi , Tsukamoto Hayato , Hatahara Hirokazu , Fukui Hiroyuki , Shoji Masaru 
Published: October 2017

AbstractGq/11protein‐coupled human histamine H1receptors in Chinese hamster ovary cells stimulated with histamine undergo clathrin‐dependent endocytosis followed by proteasome/lysosome‐mediated down‐regulation. In this study, we evaluated the effects of a sustained increase in intracellular Ca2+concentrations induced by a receptor‐bypassed stimulation with ionomycin, a Ca2+ionophore, on the endocytosis and down‐regulation of H1receptors in Chinese hamster ovary cells. All cellular and cell‐surface H1receptors were detected by the binding of [3H]mepyramine to intact cells sensitive to the hydrophobic and hydrophilic H1receptor ligands, mepyramine and pirdonium, respectively. The pretreatment of cells with ionomycin markedly reduced the mepyramine‐ and pirdonium‐sensitive binding sites of [3H]mepyramine, which were completely abrogated by the deprivation of extracellular Ca2+and partially by a ubiquitin‐activating enzyme inhibitor (UBEI‐41), but were not affected by inhibitors of calmodulin (W‐7 or calmidazolium) and protein kinase C (chelerythrine orGF109203X). These ionomycin‐induced changes were also not affected by inhibitors of receptor endocytosis via clathrin (hypertonic sucrose) and caveolae/lipid rafts (filipin or nystatin) or by inhibitors of lysosomes (E‐64, leupeptin, chloroquine, orNH4Cl), proteasomes (lactacystin orMG‐132), and a Ca2+‐dependent non‐lysosomal cysteine protease (calpain) (MDL28170). Since H1receptors were normally detected by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy with an antibody against H1receptors, even after the ionomycin treatment, H1receptors appeared to exist in a form to which [3H]mepyramine was unable to bind. These results suggest that H1receptors are apparently down‐regulated by a sustained increase in intracellular Ca2+concentrations with no process of endocytosis and lysosomal/proteasomal degradation of receptors.image
Patterning spinal nerves and vertebral bones
Authors: Keynes Roger 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA prominent anatomical feature of the peripheral nervous system is the segmentation of mixed (motor, sensory and autonomic) spinal nerves alongside the spinal cord. During early development their axon growth cones avoid the developing vertebral elements by traversing the anterior/cranial half of each somite‐derived sclerotome, so ensuring the separation of spinal nerves from vertebral bones as axons extend towards their peripheral targets. A glycoprotein expressed on the surface of posterior half‐sclerotome cells confines growth cones to the anterior half‐sclerotomes by contact repulsion. A closely similar glycoprotein is expressed in avian and mammalian grey matter, where we hypothesize it may have evolved to regulate neural plasticity in birds and mammals.
Prevalence of rear seat belt use among pregnant women in a suburban area of Japan
Authors: Ogawa Shota , Shinozaki Hiromitsu , Hayashi Kunihiko , Itoh Masahiro , Soda Masayuki , Kameda Takashi , Ozawa Kiyoshi , Yokota Hidemi , Kamioka Kiyoshi , Minegishi Takashi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to clarify the prevalence and influencing factors of rear seat belt use among pregnant women.MethodsQuestionnaires were given to 1546 pregnant women who visited obstetrics clinics and hospitals for prenatal checkups from October to December 2013. A total of 1494 pregnant women (96.6%) agreed to participate in this study and completed the questionnaire.ResultsFewer than 20% of the rear‐seat passengers ‘always’ used seat belts before and during pregnancy, whereas a third ‘never’ used a seat belt before or during pregnancy. There was no significant decrease in seat belt use by rear‐seat passengers during compared to before pregnancy. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, knowledge of how to use a seat belt during pregnancy, belief in the compulsory use of a rear seat belt and driver behavioral characteristics before pregnancy were associated with rear seat belt use during pregnancy.ConclusionsThe prevalence of fastening seat belts was substantially low. The provision of information regarding proper seat belt use and its role in protecting the fetus may increase use.
Area under the curve of temporal estrogen and progesterone measurements during assisted reproductive technology: Which hormone is the main determinant of cycle outcome?
Authors: Ozkaya Enis , Kutlu Tayfun , Abide Yayla Cigdem , Kayatas Eser Semra , Sanverdi Ilhan , Devranoglu Belgin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimIs there any relationship between estrogen and progesterone concentrations during assisted reproductive technology (ART)? Which hormone is the main determinant of impaired endometrial receptivity?MethodsThis study was conducted from July to December 2016 at the in vitro Fertilization/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection unit at Zeynep Kamil Women and Children's Health Training and Research Hospital. A total of 289 women who underwent ART were prospectively screened and areas under the curve of temporal estrogen (AUCEM) and progesterone measurements (AUCPM) were calculated for each participant. Women were included if they had regular menstrual cycles, normal serum prolactin levels and had not received hormone treatment within three months. ART was indicated in all patients for unexplained infertility. Patients were divided into two groups: with (n = 90) and without (n = 199) embryo implantation. The relationship between the two AUCs and ART success was assessed in terms of embryo implantation and clinical pregnancy.ResultsImplantation was successful in 90 (31.1%) women, and a fetal heart rate was detected in 83 (28.7%) cases. There was a significant correlation between AUCEM and AUCPM (r = 0.525, P < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis showed significant associations between failure of implantation, lack of clinical pregnancy and AUCEM (beta coefficient = 0.311, P < 0.001; beta coefficient = 0.297, P < 0.001, respectively) after adjusting for AUCPM.ConclusionOur data showed that the degree of endometrial estrogen exposure is the main factor functioning as a detrimental effect of ovarian stimulation on endometrial receptivity.
Group Consumption and Product Diversity: The Case of Smoking Bans
Authors: Foucart Renaud 
Published: October 2017

AbstractI study product diversity in the presence of search costs and groups of consumers. Groups with heterogeneous tastes create a leverage effect on competition: a large majority of firms may end up offering a product that corresponds to the taste of the minority. I illustrate this idea with smoking bans in bars and restaurants. When the first nonsmoking restaurants opened, there were few of them with little competition and high market power on nonsmokers. By extracting a large surplus from nonsmokers, nonsmoking restaurants became unattractive to other groups, while smoking restaurants were plenty and competitive, attracting both smokers and mixed groups.
Protein expression during early stages of bone regeneration under hydrophobic and hydrophilic titanium domes. A pilot study
Authors: Calciolari E. , Mardas N. , Dereka X. , Anagnostopoulos A. K. , Tsangaris G. T. , Donos N. 
Published: October 2017

Background and objectivesThere is significant evidence that, during the early stages of osseointegration, moderately rough hydrophilic (SLActive) surfaces can accelerate osteogenesis and increase bone‐to‐implant contact in comparison to hydrophobic (SLA) surfaces. However, very little is known regarding the molecular mechanisms behind the influence that surface chemistry modifications to increase hydrophilicity determine on bone healing. The aim of this study was to describe for the first time the proteins and related signalling pathways expressed during early osseous healing stages under SLA and SLActive titanium domes for guided bone regeneration.Material and methodsOne SLA and 1 SLActive dome with an internal diameter of 5.0 mm and a height of 3.0 mm were secured to the parietal bones of nine 6‐month‐old male New Zealand rabbits. Three animals were randomly euthanized at 4, 7 and 14 days and the newly formed tissues retrieved under the domes were analysed with liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. STRING and KEGG databases were applied for Gene Ontology and pathway analyses.ResultsA different modulation of several pathways was detected between the 2 groups at all healing times. The main differences in the osseous healing response associated to the 2 surfaces were related to pathways involved in regulating the inflammatory response, differentiation of osteoblast precursors and skeletogenesis. At day 7, the highest number of proteins and the highest cellular activity were observed in both groups, although a more complex and articulated proteome in terms of cellular metabolism and signal transduction was observed in SLActive samples.ConclusionThis is the first study describing the proteome expressed during early healing stages of guided bone regeneration and osseointegration. A combination of enhanced early osteogenic response and reduced inflammatory response were suggested for the hydrophilic group. Future studies are needed to corroborate these findings and explore the molecular effects of different titanium surfaces on the cascade of events taking place during bone formation.
Observation and determination of periodontal tissue profile using optical coherence tomography
Authors: Kakizaki S. , Aoki A. , Tsubokawa M. , Lin T. , Mizutani K. , Koshy G. , Sadr A. , Oda S. , Sumi Y. , Izumi Y. 
Published: October 2017

Background and ObjectiveDiagnosis is a crucial step in periodontal treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for observation and determination of periodontal tissue profiles in vivo.Material and MethodsIn experiment 1, refractive indices of purified water, porcine gingiva and human gingiva at 1330 nm were determined for the analysis of OCT images of periodontal tissues. In experiment 2, OCT examination was performed in the midlabial apico‐coronal plane of mandibular anteriors in 30 Asian volunteers with healthy gingiva. Sulcus depth was measured on intra‐oral photographs taken during probing. In the OCT images, the gingival, epithelial and connective tissue thickness, and the position of alveolar bone crest were determined and finally, the biologic width was measured.ResultsRefractive indices of purified water, porcine gingiva and human gingiva were 1.335, 1.393 and 1.397, respectively. Cross‐sectional images of gingival epithelium, connective tissue and alveolar bone were depicted in real‐time. The sulcular and junctional epithelium could be visualized occasionally. Laser penetration and reflection were limited to a certain depth with an approximate maximal imaging depth capability of 1.5 mm and OCT images of the periodontal structure were not clear in some cases. The average maximal thickness of gingiva and epithelium and biologic width at the mandibular anteriors were 1.06 ± 0.21, 0.49 ± 0.15 and 2.09 ± 0.60 mm, respectively.ConclusionOCT has promise for non‐invasive observation of the periodontal tissue profile in detail and measurement of internal periodontal structures including biologic width in the anterior region.
Effects of paraoxonase 1 on the cytodifferentiation and mineralization of periodontal ligament cells
Authors: Masumoto R. , Kitagaki J. , Matsumoto M. , Miyauchi S. , Fujihara C. , Yamashita M. , Yamada S. , Kitamura M. , Murakami S. 
Published: October 2017

Background and ObjectiveSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) are known to be associated with the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and periodontitis. However, the effects of PON1 on the osteoblastic differentiation of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells are unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of PON1 on the osteoblastic differentiation of PDL cells, and analysed the role of PON1 SNPs on the pathogenesis of aggressive periodontitis (AgP) in the Japanese population.Material and MethodsHuman PDL (HPDL) cells were exposed to the PON1 plasmid and PON1 inhibitor, 2‐hydroxyquinoline, and cultured in mineralization medium. Expression of calcification‐related genes and calcified nodule formation were assessed by real‐time PCR, an alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity assay and Alizarin red staining. Sanger sequencing was performed to evaluate whether PON1 SNPs are associated with the pathogenesis of AgP in Japanese people.ResultsDuring osteoblastic differentiation of HPDL cells, expression of PON1 mRNA increased in a time‐dependent manner. PON1 stimulated an increase in expression of mRNA for calcification‐related genes, as well as ALPase activity. In contrast, 2‐hydroxyquinoline clearly inhibited the expression of calcification‐related genes, ALPase activity and calcified nodule formation in HPDL cells. Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference in the minor allele frequency of PON1 SNP rs854560 between the Japanese control database and patients with AgP in the Japanese population (P = .0190).ConclusionPON1 induced cytodifferentiation and mineralization of HPDL cells, and PON1 SNP rs854560 may be associated with the pathogenesis of AgP in the Japanese population.
Polydopamine deposition with anodic oxidation for better connective tissue attachment to transmucosal implants
Authors: Teng F. , Chen H. , Xu Y. , Liu Y. , Ou G. 
Published: October 2017

Background and ObjectiveNowadays, most designs for the transmucosal surface of implants are machined‐smooth. However, connective tissue adhered to the smooth surface of an implant has poor mechanical resistance, which can render separation of tissue from the implant interface and induce epithelial downgrowth. Modification of the transmucosal surface of implants, which can help form a good seal of connective tissue, is therefore desired. We hypothesized that anodic oxidation (AO) and polydopamine (PD) deposition could be used to enhance the attachment between an implant and peri‐implant connective tissue. We tested this hypothesis in the mandibles of Beagle dogs.Material and MethodsAO and PD were used to modify the transmucosal region of transmucosal implants (implant neck). The surface microstructure, surface roughness and elemental composition were investigated in vitro. L929 mouse fibroblasts were cultured to test the effect of PD on cell adhesion. Six Beagle dogs were used for the in vivo experiment (n = 6 dogs per group). Three months after building the edentulous animal model, four groups of implants (control, AO, PD and AO + PD) were inserted. After 4 months of healing, samples were harvested for histometric analyses.ResultsThe surfaces of anodized implant necks were overlaid with densely distributed pores, 2–7 μm in size. On the PD‐modified surfaces, N1s, the chemical bond of nitrogen in PD, was detected using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. L929 developed pseudopods more quickly on the PD‐modified surfaces than on the surfaces of the control group. The in vivo experiment showed a longer connective tissue seal and a more coronally located peri‐implant soft‐tissue attachment in the AO + PD group than in the control group (P < .05).ConclusionThe modification of AO + PD on the implant neck yielded better attachment between the implant and peri‐implant connective tissue.