bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clostridium autoethanogenum alters cofactor synthesis, redox metabolism, and lysine-acetylation in response to elevated H2:CO feedstock ratios for enhancing carbon capture efficiency
Authors: Davin Megan E. , Thompson R. Adam , Giannone Richard J. , Mendelson Lucas W. , Carper Dana L. , Martin Madhavi Z. , Martin Michael E. , Engle Nancy L. , Tschaplinski Timothy J. , Brown Steven D. , Hettich Robert L. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Clostridium autoethanogenum is an acetogenic bacterium that autotrophically converts carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) gases into bioproducts and fuels via the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway (WLP). To facilitate overall carbon capture efficiency, the reaction stoichiometry requires supplementation of hydrogen at an increased ratio of H2:CO to maximize CO2 utilization; however, the molecular details and thus the ability to understand the mechanism of this supplementation are largely unknown.

Results
In order to elucidate the microbial physiology and fermentation where at least 75% of the carbon in ethanol comes from CO2, we established controlled chemostats that facilitated a novel and high (11:1) H2:CO uptake ratio. We compared and contrasted proteomic and metabolomics profiles to replicate continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) at the same growth rate from a lower (5:1) H2:CO condition where ~ 50% of the carbon in ethanol is derived from CO2. Our hypothesis was that major changes would be observed in the hydrogenases and/or redox-related proteins and the WLP to compensate for the elevated hydrogen feed gas. Our analyses did reveal protein abundance differences between the two conditions largely related to reduction–oxidation (redox) pathways and cofactor biosynthesis, but the changes were more minor than we would have expected. While the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway proteins remained consistent across the conditions, other post-translational regulatory processes, such as lysine-acetylation, were observed and appeared to be more important for fine-tuning this carbon metabolism pathway. Metabolomic analyses showed that the increase in H2:CO ratio drives the organism to higher carbon dioxide utilization resulting in lower carbon storages and accumulated fatty acid metabolite levels.

Conclusions
This research delves into the intricate dynamics of carbon fixation in C. autoethanogenum, examining the influence of highly elevated H2:CO ratios on metabolic processes and product outcomes. The study underscores the significance of optimizing gas feed composition for enhanced industrial efficiency, shedding light on potential mechanisms, such as post-translational modifications (PTMs), to fine-tune enzymatic activities and improve desired product yields.
Polystyrene nanoplastic exposure actives ferroptosis by oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation in porcine oocytes during maturation
Authors: He Yijing , Yu Tianhang , Li Heran , Sun Qinfeng , Chen Miaoyu , Lin Yiyi , Dai Jianjun , Wang Weihan , Li Qiao , Ju Shiqiang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) are becoming increasingly prevalent in the environment with great advancements in plastic products, and their potential health hazard to animals has received much attention. Several studies have reported the toxicity of PS-NPs to various tissues and cells; however, there is a paucity of information about whether PS-NPs exposure can have toxic effects on mammalian oocytes, especially livestock. Herein, porcine oocytes were used as the model to investigate the potential effects of PS-NPs on mammalian oocytes.

Results
The findings showed that different concentrations of PS-NPs (0, 25, 50 and 100 μg/mL) entering into porcine oocytes could induce mitochondrial stress, including a significant decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and the destruction of the balance of mitochondrial dynamic and micromorphology. Furthermore, there was a marked increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), which led to oocyte lipid peroxidation (LPO). PS-NPs exposure induced abnormal intracellular iron overload, and subsequently increased the expression of transferrin receptor (TfRC), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7a11), and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4), which resulted in ferroptosis in oocytes. PS-NPs also induced oocyte maturation failure, cytoskeletal dysfunction and DNA damage. Cotreatment with 5 μmol/L ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1, an inhibitor of ferroptosis) alleviated the cellular toxicity associated with PS-NPs exposure during porcine oocyte maturation.

Conclusions
In conclusion, PS-NPs caused ferroptosis in porcine oocytes by increasing oxidative stress and altering lipid metabolism, leading to the failure of oocyte maturation.

Graphical Abstract
PS-NPs could enter oocytes, caused mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, induced lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis, which eventually resulted in failure of oocyte maturation.
Spatial-temporal distribution of neglected tropical diseases burdens in China from 2005 to 2020
Authors: Ouyang Hanqi , Zhao Ziyu , Fall Ibrahima Socé , Djirmay Amadou Garba , Ohore Okugbe Ebiotubo , Bergquist Robert , Yang Guojing 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Out of the 21 neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) listed by the World Health Organization, 15 affect the People’s Republic of China. Despite significant achievements in controlling NTDs, comprehensive assessments of the disease burden based on actual case data and detailed information on spatial and temporal dynamics are still lacking. This study aims to assess the disease burden and spatial–temporal distribution of NTDs in China from 2005 to 2020, to provide a reference for the formulation of national health agendas in line with the global health agenda, and guide resource allocation.

Methods
The number of cases and deaths of major NTDs in China from 2005 to 2020 were downloaded from the China Public Health Science Data Center (https://www.phsciencedata.cn/Share/index.jsp) of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and relevant literatures. Simplified formulas for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) helped estimate the years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and total DALYs. Spatial autocorrelation analysis of the average NTDs burden data for the years 2005 to 2020 was evaluated using Moran's I statistic.

Results
China's overall NTDs burden decreased significantly, from 245,444.53 DALYs in 2005 to 18,984.34 DALYs in 2020, marking a reduction of 92.27%. In 2005, the DALYs caused by schistosomiasis and rabies represent a substantial proportion of the total disease burden, accounting for 65.37% and 34.43% respectively. In 2015, Hunan and Sichuan provinces had the highest diversity of NTDs, with 9 and 8 number of different NTDs reported respectively. And the highest disease burden was observed in Sichuan (242,683.46 DALYs), Xizang Zizhiqu (178,318.99 DALYs) and Guangdong (154,228.31 DALYs). The “high-high” clustering areas of NTDs were mainly in China's central and southern regions, as identified by spatial autocorrelation analysis.

Conclusions
China has made unremitting efforts in the prevention and control of NTDs, and the disease burden of major NTDs in China has decreased significantly. Using the One Health concept to guide disease prevention and control in the field to effectively save medical resources and achieve precise intervention.

Graphical abstract
Acute lung injury and post-cardiac arrest syndrome: a narrative review
Authors: Endo Yusuke , Aoki Tomoaki , Jafari Daniel , Rolston Daniel M. , Hagiwara Jun , Ito-Hagiwara Kanako , Nakamura Eriko , Kuschner Cyrus E. , Becker Lance B. , Hayashida Kei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) presents a multifaceted challenge in clinical practice, characterized by severe neurological injury and high mortality rates despite advancements in management strategies. One of the important critical aspects of PCAS is post-arrest lung injury (PALI), which significantly contributes to poor outcomes. PALI arises from a complex interplay of pathophysiological mechanisms, including trauma from chest compressions, pulmonary ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury, aspiration, and systemic inflammation. Despite its clinical significance, the pathophysiology of PALI remains incompletely understood, necessitating further investigation to optimize therapeutic approaches.

Methods
This review comprehensively examines the existing literature to elucidate the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and therapeutic strategies for PALI. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify preclinical and clinical studies investigating PALI. Data from these studies were synthesized to provide a comprehensive overview of PALI and its management.

Results
Epidemiological studies have highlighted the substantial prevalence of PALI in post-cardiac arrest patients, with up to 50% of survivors experiencing acute lung injury. Diagnostic imaging modalities, including chest X-rays, computed tomography, and lung ultrasound, play a crucial role in identifying PALI and assessing its severity. Pathophysiologically, PALI encompasses a spectrum of factors, including chest compression-related trauma, pulmonary IR injury, aspiration, and systemic inflammation, which collectively contribute to lung dysfunction and poor outcomes. Therapeutically, lung-protective ventilation strategies, such as low tidal volume ventilation and optimization of positive end-expiratory pressure, have emerged as cornerstone approaches in the management of PALI. Additionally, therapeutic hypothermia and emerging therapies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction hold promise in mitigating PALI-related morbidity and mortality.

Conclusion
PALI represents a significant clinical challenge in post-cardiac arrest care, necessitating prompt diagnosis and targeted interventions to improve outcomes. Mitochondrial-related therapies are among the novel therapeutic strategies for PALI. Further clinical research is warranted to optimize PALI management and enhance post-cardiac arrest care paradigms.

Graphical Abstract
Individual, firearm, and purchasing characteristics associated with risk of firearm-related violent crime arrest: a nested case-control study
Authors: Laqueur Hannah S. , Schleimer Julia P. , Shev Aaron B. , Kagawa Rose 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Firearm purchasing records offer a potentially important administrative data source to identify individuals at elevated risk of perpetrating firearm violence. In this study, we describe individual, firearm, and transaction characteristics of purchasers in California who were arrested for a firearm-related violent crime (FRV) as compared to the general population of registered purchasers in the state.

Methods
Relying on a dataset of all individuals with transaction records in California (1996–2021), linked to criminal records (1980–2021), we enrolled a cohort of individuals for whom we could capture the legal firearm purchase history. We identified those arrested for FRV post purchase, and using incidence density sampling, gender-matched cases to ten purchasers (controls) who remained “at risk” at the time the case was arrested. We focused on the purchase closest in time prior to the arrest (“index” purchase). We implemented conditional logistic regression and included models with controls for individual- and community-level demographics, as well as interactions between firearm and purchasing characteristics and criminal history.

Results
The cohort included 1,212,144 individuals, of whom 6153 were arrested for FRV (0.5%). Cases were matched to 61,530 controls to form the study sample. The largest risk factor was a prior criminal history: purchasers had 5.84 times the risk of FRV if they had a prior arrest within three years of the index purchase (CI 5.44–6.27). Several transaction and firearm characteristics were also associated with FRV. For example, risk increased if the firearm was redeemed at a pawn shop (aIRR: 1.37, CI 1.05–1.77) and decreased if the transaction was a registered private party transfer (vs. retail purchase) (aIRR: 0.83, CI 0.76–0.90) or the firearm was a bolt action firearm (vs. semi-automatic) (aIRR: 0.64, CI 0.51–0.79). In the interaction models, most of the purchase and firearm features only remained significant among those with no criminal history.

Conclusions
Given limited data on firearm transactions, there has been little research on whether the type of firearm an individual purchases or the nature of the purchase might serve as indicators of risk for FRV. We found several transaction and firearm features were associated with risk of FRV. Notably, these features provided little evidence of additional risk for those with a prior criminal record.
Unsinkable, long-drifting, millimeter-sized pumice of the 2021 eruption of Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba submarine volcano
Authors: Takeuchi Shingo , Ishige Kosuke , Uesawa Shimpei , Suwa Yukiko 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the relationship between pumice formation and long-term floatability in seawater is becoming increasingly important in terms of eruption dynamics, material cycles, biological and environmental effects, and ocean hazards. Pumice rafts were produced during the 2021 eruption of the Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba submarine volcano in the Pacific Ocean, far from the Japanese archipelago. The pumice rafts reached the Amami-Ōshima and Okinawa Islands approximately two months after the eruption and continued to cover the sea surface at several bays and ports, providing a great opportunity to study the characteristics of raft pumices. Sieve analysis of the floating pumice indicated that the pumice rafts characteristically contained several millimeter-sized particles with a peak at 2–4 mm. This evidence raises an important question why the millimeter-sized, Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba 2021 pumice particles were able to float for over two months, which exceeds the floatation time shown in previous studies. To answer this question, a porosity measurement technique for millimeter-to-centimeter-sized pumice particles was established and applied to drifting pumice that erupted during the Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba 2021 eruption. The total, connected, and isolated porosities (including errors) were acquired for floating and sunken pumice particles. As studied for the floating pumice from past submarine eruptions, most floating pumice particles contain a high amount of isolated porosity (> 30 vol%) and are thus unsinkable even when the pumice size is in the millimeter scale. This study emphasizes that skeletal density is a useful measure for the determination of pumice floatability (sinkable or unsinkable). As the particle size decreases, crystals are lost from the floating pumice particles, suggesting that the particle size of the floating pumice is affected by its petrological properties (crystal content and size). A comparison with natural pumices from subaerial eruptions and experimental pumices from magma decompression experiments suggests that the Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba 2021 pumices contain abundant isolated pores due to the suppression of expansion after fragmentation by quenching in seawater, and that the relatively low to moderate crystal content in the magma (< 17 vol%) may contribute to favorable conditions to produce abundant, millimeter-sized, unsinkable pumice.Most floating pumices have lower saturation density than seawater due to abundant isolated porosity (> 30 vol%) and are thus unsinkable even when the pumice size is in the millimeter scale.
Dynamic plain abdominal film provides simple and effective diagnosis of delayed shunt insufficiency caused by abdominal adhesions after VP shunt
Authors: Liu Zhiqiang , Chen Jintao , Weng Chaoqun , Liu Bei , Lin Zhixiong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Many complications may occur after placement of the ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VP shunt) for hydrocephalus, and delayed shunt insufficiency (DSI) is among the most common. It is often caused by abdominal adhesions, which increases the difficulty of diagnosis. This study aimed to explore the clinical value of dynamic plain abdominal radiography (DPAR) as a simple diagnostic method for patients with DSI due to terminal adhesion of the peritoneal shunt after VP surgery.

Methods
A total of 30 patients with high suspicion of DSI due to abdominal adhesions after VP surgery were included. DPAR was used for prospective assessment. The interval between the first and second PAR was 4–6 h before surgery. If two plain abdominal radiography at different times indicated that the end of the shunt tube in the abdominal segment was fixed, it was diagnosed as DSI due to adhesion of the shunt tube at the abdominal end. The peritoneal end of the shunt tube was surgically repositioned. Postoperative DPAR was repeated to evaluate the distance of the shunt outlet within the abdominal segment.

Results
All cases showed clinical symptoms or imaging findings of shunt insufficiency. The diagnostic accuracy of DPAR was 96.67% (29/30). The end of the shunt tube in the abdominal segment of the preoperative group was fixed with abdominal plain film twice with a mean difference of 1.74 ± 1.18 cm. The mean postoperative change in the position of the end of the shunt tube in the abdominal section was 9.36 ± 2.64 cm, showing a significant difference compared with the preoperative group (P < 0.001). The mean postoperative EVANs index (0.37 ± 0.08) was significantly lower than the preoperative (0.42 ± 0.08) (P = 0.007), Glasgow coma scale score (12.8 ± 2.69) was higher than the mean preoperative score (11.36 ± 2.43) (P = 0.013).

Conclusion
DPAR is a simple and effective method for the diagnosis of shunt insufficiency caused by delayed abdominal end adhesion after VP shunt.
Co-parasitization effect of Anagyrus pseudococci (Girault) and Coccidoxenoides perminutus Girault (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) on the vine mealybug Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and their intrinsic interspecific larval competition
Authors: Muştu Murat , Tatar Nuraynurgül 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The vine mealybug Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a cosmopolitan species that causes economic damage to grapevines, especially in Mediterranean countries, South Africa, North and South America and Europe. In this study, the co-parasitization effect of Anagyrus pseudococci (Girault) and Coccidoxenoides perminutus Girault (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) on the vine mealybug Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and their intrinsic interspecific larval competition were investigated under laboratory conditions.

Results
In non-choice experiments, the highest parasitism value (11.75 ± 0.87) was obtained on 2nd instar mealybug nymphs in containers with only C. perminutus, while the highest parasitism value (11.20 ± 0.59) in choice experiments was obtained on female mealybugs in containers with both parasitoids. It was determined that C. perminutus parasitized the 1st, 2nd and 3rd nymph stages, while A. pseudococci parasitized the 2nd, 3rd nymph and female stages of vine mealybug. These mean that mealybug populations can be controlled more effectively by parasitizing all mealybug stages in the environment when parasitoids are together. In intrinsic interspecific larval competition experiments on the mealybugs 2nd and 3rd nymph stages, where both parasitoids can parasitize, it was determined that C. perminutus generally won the competition, even though A. pseudococci had a three-day parasitism priority. The highest A. pseudococci emergence rate in competition trials occurred on 2nd instar mealybug nymphs when A. pseudococci had 72 h parasitism priority (36.09%). In addition, head capsule width and tibia lengths of A. pseudococci and C. perminutus adults obtained from intrinsic interspecific larval competition were measured, and it was determined that the head capsule width and tibia length of adult parasitoids generally increased as the host period progressed. In addition, it has been determined that there may be some differences in the measured characteristics of the adult parasitoids obtained due to intrinsic interspecific competition compared to the control.

Conclusions
Using these two parasitoids together in the biological control of vine mealybugs will allow parasitizing all mealybug nymph stages and females in the environment and provide more effective pest control.
Antiepileptic medications in neurosurgical practice
Authors: Alsawy Mohamed Fatah Allah 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOne of the earliest medical disorders to be identified is epilepsy. Strange and diverse forms of therapy have been used throughout history. A cure has not been found despite the popularity of ointments, medications, magic, enemas, exorcism, spiritualism, surgical and physical, as well as behavioural therapies. There is a notable deficiency of current literature about the management of seizures and epilepsy in neurosurgical patients, despite the fact that neurosurgeons are enrolled in the prescription of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) for the seizures especially in perioperative periods. Neurosurgeons scope of management of epilepsy usually involve patients with either traumatic brain injury, neoplasms, subarachnoid haemorrhages, and brain abscess and infection. Depending on when they began, post-craniotomy seizures are categorised into three categories: promptly (before 24 h), early (before 1 week), and late (after 1 week). One-third of seizures can occur within the first month after a craniotomy, usually within the first 3 days, even though the risk of seizures persists for several post-operative months. There are multiple generations of AEDs, and further research is required to settle a clear recommendation for each and every case of seizures especially for hard population like the neurosurgical patients.
FLSec-RPL: a fuzzy logic-based intrusion detection scheme for securing RPL-based IoT networks against DIO neighbor suppression attacks
Authors: Kim Chenset , So-In Chakchai , Kongsorot Yanika , Aimtongkham Phet 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) has gained popularity and is widely used in modern society. The growth in the sizes of IoT networks with more internet-connected devices has led to concerns regarding privacy and security. In particular, related to the routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks (RPL), which lacks robust security functions, many IoT devices in RPL networks are resource-constrained, with limited computing power, bandwidth, memory, and battery life. This causes them to face various vulnerabilities and potential attacks, such as DIO neighbor suppression attacks. This type of attack specifically targets neighboring nodes through DIO messages and poses a significant security threat to RPL-based IoT networks. Recent studies have proposed methods for detecting and mitigating this attack; however, they produce high false-positive and false-negative rates in detection tasks and cannot fully protect RPL networks against this attack type. In this paper, we propose a novel fuzzy logic-based intrusion detection scheme to secure the RPL protocol (FLSec-RPL) to protect against this attack. Our method is built of three key phases consecutively: (1) it tracks attack activity variables to determine potential malicious behaviors; (2) it performs fuzzy logic-based intrusion detection to identify malicious neighbor nodes; and (3) it provides a detection validation and blocking mechanism to ensure that both malicious and suspected malicious nodes are accurately detected and blocked. To evaluate the effectiveness of our method, we conduct comprehensive experiments across diverse scenarios, including Static-RPL and Mobile-RPL networks. We compare the performance of our proposed method with that of the state-of-the-art methods. The results demonstrate that our method outperforms existing methods in terms of the detection accuracy, F1 score, power consumption, end-to-end delay, and packet delivery ratio metrics.