bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LAMP‐based electrochemical platform for monitoring HPV genome integration at the mRNA level associated with higher risk of cervical cancer progression
Authors: Izadi Nasim , Strmiskova Johana , Anton Milan , Hausnerova Jitka , Bartosik Martin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHuman papillomaviruses (HPVs) represent a diverse group of double‐stranded DNA viruses associated with various types of cancers, notably cervical cancer. High‐risk types of HPVs exhibit their oncogenic potential through the integration of their DNA into the host genome. This integration event contributes significantly to genomic instability and the progression of malignancy. However, traditional detection methods, such as immunohistochemistry or PCR‐based assays, face inherent challenges, and thus alternative tools are being developed to fasten and simplify the analysis. Our study introduces an innovative biosensing platform that combines loop‐mediated amplification with electrochemical (EC) analysis for the specific detection of HPV16 integration. By targeting key elements like the E7 mRNA, a central player in HPV integration, and the E2 viral gene transcript lost upon integration, we show clear distinction between episomal and integrated forms of HPV16. Our EC data confirmed higher E7 expression in HPV16‐positive cell lines having integrated forms of viral genome, while E2 expression was diminished in cells with fully integrated genomes. Moreover, we revealed distinct expression patterns in cervical tissue of patients, correlating well with digital droplet PCR, qRT‐PCR, or immunohistochemical staining. Our platform thus offers insights into HPV integration in clinical samples and facilitates further advancements in cervical cancer research and diagnostics.
Unusual G3P[10] bat‐like rotavirus strains detected in children with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand
Authors: Jampanil Nutthawadee , Kumthip Kattareeya , Yodmeeklin Arpaporn , Tacharoenmuang Ratana , Akari Yuki , Komoto Satoshi , Okitsu Shoko , Ushijima Hiroshi , Maneekarn Niwat , Khamrin Pattara 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRotavirus A (RVA) is the main cause of acute gastroenteritis among children under the age of five globally. The unusual bat‐like human RVA strains G3P[10] (RVA/Human‐wt/THA/CMH079/05/2005/G3P[10] and RVA/Human‐wt/THA/CMH‐S015‐19/2019/G3P[10]) were detected in children with acute gastroenteritis in 2005 and 2019, respectively, in the same geographical area of Northern Thailand. To elucidate the genetic backgrounds of these unusual or bat‐like human RVA strains, the complete genome of these RVA strains was sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed. All eleven genome segments of these G3P[10] strains were genotyped as G3‐P[10]‐I8‐R3‐C3‐M3‐A9‐N3‐T3‐E3‐H6, which is closely related to bat G3P[10] RVA strain (RVA/Bat‐tc/CHN/MYAS33/2013/G3P[10]) and bat‐like human RVA strain (RVA/Human‐wt/THA/MS2015‐1‐0001/2015/G3P[10]). The findings indicate that human G3P[10] RVA strains detected in this study (RVA/Human‐wt/THA/CMH079/05/2005/G3P[10] and RVA/Human‐wt/THA/CMH‐S015‐19/2019/G3P[10]) contained all eleven genome segments similar to those of bat RVA strains and appeared to be human RVA strains of bat origin. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that several genome segments of these two RVA strains were also closely related with those of other species in addition to bats and had a zoonotic transmission history. The results of this study supported the roles of interspecies transmission of RVA strains among bats and humans in the natural environment and provided convincing evidence that the evolution of human RVAs was closely interrelated with those of animal RVAs. Continuing surveillance of RVAs in humans and animals is imperative to gain a better understanding of the origin and the evolution of these viruses.
Is malting an absolute must? Native triticale as a stand‐in for barley malt in the brewing process
Authors: Pribić Milana , Mejić Luka , Despotović Saša , Špirović‐Trifunović Bojana , Bulut Sandra , Pejin Jelena 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo remain competitive, brewers must innovate by incorporating novel elements beyond traditional styles. Thus, exploring triticale as a modern substitute for barley malt is promising, especially given its higher amylolytic activity compared to barley. This study aimed to assess the impact of substituting up to 50% of barley malt with unmalted triticale on green beer quality, encompassing multiple stages from wort production to primary fermentation at a laboratory scale.ResultsTriticale‐based worts (ratios 10–50%) had lower extract content than 100% barley malt. However, incorporating 10% of triticale led to only a 1% decrease in extract content compared to the all‐malt wort. Shearzyme® 500L, an endo‐1,4‐β‐xylanase with β‐glucanase side activity, effectively addressed wort viscosity by breaking down arabinoxylans and β‐glucans in triticale cell walls. All triticale‐based beers exhibited lower ethanol content compared to reference beer, as is typical when using adjuncts. In green beer, a 50% triticale ratio lowered ethanol content by 16% (without enzyme) and 19% (with enzyme) compared to 100% malt beer. However, green beer with 10% triticale had satisfactory levels of total polyphenol and vicinal diketone content, among other parameters.ConclusionCommercial enzyme application significantly enhanced proteolytic activity within the grain. Fermentations of enzyme‐treated worts showed higher amino acid levels, further confirming the increased proteolytic activity facilitated by the chosen enzyme. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the brewing process using native triticale. Building on this foundation, future studies will focus on optimizing mashing conditions to enhance the fermentation profile of the wort. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Characterization and monitoring of changes during lactation in the profile of multiple bioactive compounds of milk from grazing mares
Authors: Blanco‐Doval Ana , Barron Luis Javier R , Bustamante María Ángeles , Aldai Noelia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDMare milk has often been considered a food product with potential functional properties. However, the bioactive compound composition of mare milk, including vitamins and other minor bioactive compounds, as well as factors affecting this composition have scarcely been studied. Therefore, the present study aimed to characterize the changes during lactation in the content of water‐ and fat‐soluble vitamins and total polyphenols, and the total antioxidant capacity of mare milk from semi‐extensive farms. A total of 310 individual milk samples from 18 mares belonging to three commercial farms and 12 lactation times were analyzed. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C), thiamine (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), nicotinic acid and niacinamide (vitamins B3), pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), pyridoxal and pyridoxine (vitamins B6), folic acid (vitamin B9), cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12), tocopherols and tocotrienols (vitamin E) and retinol and retinyl esters (vitamin A) were quantified using liquid chromatography. Total polyphenols and antioxidant capacity assays were analyzed using spectrophotometry.RESULTSThe concentration of most bioactive compounds tended to decline as lactation progressed, with the exception of polyphenols and the total antioxidant capacity that oscillated during lactation. On the other hand, the effect of the different semi‐extensive management of the farms was only significant for vitamin B3 content.CONCLUSIONTo the best of our knowledge, the present study provides the most in‐depth description of the vitamin profile of mare milk as well as new insights into polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of mare milk. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
National Trends in Laryngeal Laser Surgery: Comparison of Operative Versus Office‐Based Procedures
Authors: Scher Maxwell , Shave Samantha M. , Tracy Jeremiah C. , Tracy Lauren F. 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo analyze national trends in the prevalence of office‐based laryngeal ablative procedures and compare those with traditional operative excisional procedures utilizing direct laryngoscopy.MethodologyFor years 2013–2022, the US Medicare Part B claims database was searched for Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes 31572 (flexible laryngoscopy with laser ablation of lesion), 31540 (operative direct laryngoscopy with excision of lesion), 31541 (operative direct microlaryngoscopy with excision of lesion), and 31545 (operative direct microlaryngoscopy with excision of lesion and local tissue flap reconstruction). For each CPT code, the total number of charges billed to the Medicare database in each calendar year was recorded and annual trends were analyzed. Biopsy procedures were not included.ResultsThe annual number of office‐based laser procedures (CPT 31572) remained relatively constant since the CPT code was introduced in 2017 (range: 18887–25241 procedures annually, trendline slope = +16, R2:0.02). Office‐based laser procedures comprised a small portion of total laryngeal excisional procedures (range: 8.4%–12.1%). The total number of operative laryngeal excisions, billed by CPT 31540 and 31541, declined over the studied time frame (Trendline slope = −132, R2:0.93; Trendline slope = −950, R2: 0.93 respectively).ConclusionsOffice‐based laser procedures comprise a small fraction of procedures to remove laryngeal lesions. The number of office‐based laser procedures has been relatively stable over the last 5 years. This finding contrasts with the prevailing health care trend toward office‐based procedures. Further research is needed to understand the decrease in operative laryngeal lesion excision procedures observed over the last 10 years.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 135:823–828, 2025
Enrichment of Phytopathogen Dominated by Volutella in the Rhizosphere May Be an Important Cause of Continuous Cropping Obstacles in Sweet Potatoes
Authors: Zhang Long , Liu Lanfu , Sun Dongliang , Han Meikun , Hu Yaya , Shi Liang , Wang Jie , Xu Xihui , Ma Zhimin , Chen Yahua , Sheng Xiafang 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObstacles related to the continuous cropping of sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) restrict its intensive production. However, the effects of continuous cropping on soil properties and/or the rhizosphere microbial community are largely unclear. In this study, we analyzed changes in rhizosphere soil chemical properties and microbial communities of sweet potatoes across different cultivation years. We observed that the microbial diversity and complexity of the fungal ecological network in rhizosphere soils of sweet potatoes were decreased after 5 years of continuous cropping, with significant enrichment in Sphingobium, Gemmatimonas, Volutella, and Neoidriella. Tuber yield, soil pH, and available potassium (AK) content were significantly reduced after continuous cropping, with the soil microbial community having the highest correlation with pH, AK, and ammonium nitrogen (NH4
+‐N). Specifically, soil pH and AK were positively correlated with Bacillus and Gaiella, and negatively correlated with some plant‐pathogenic fungi (Volutella and Neoidriella), while NH4
+‐N showed the opposite trend. In addition, soil pH, AK, and the relative abundance of Bacillus were positively correlated with tuber yield, while Volutella showed the opposite trend. In summary, the continuous cropping of sweet potatoes negatively affects rhizosphere soil health, resulting in imbalanced soil fertility and an increased abundance of pathogens. These results improve our understanding of factors driving obstacles faced with the continuous cropping of sweet potatoes, enabling future studies and the development of technologies to overcome these obstacles.
Enhancing peer review efficiency: A mixed‐methods analysis of artificial intelligence‐assisted reviewer selection across academic disciplines
Authors: Farber Shai 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis mixed‐methods study evaluates the efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI)‐assisted reviewer selection in academic publishing across diverse disciplines. Twenty journal editors assessed AI‐generated reviewer recommendations for a manuscript. The AI system achieved a 42% overlap with editors' selections and demonstrated a significant improvement in time efficiency, reducing selection time by 73%. Editors found that 37% of AI‐suggested reviewers who were not part of their initial selection were indeed suitable. The system's performance varied across disciplines, with higher accuracy in STEM fields (Cohen's d = 0.68). Qualitative feedback revealed an appreciation for the AI's ability to identify lesser‐known experts but concerns about its grasp of interdisciplinary work. Ethical considerations, including potential algorithmic bias and privacy issues, were highlighted. The study concludes that while AI shows promise in enhancing reviewer selection efficiency and broadening the reviewer pool, it requires human oversight to address limitations in understanding nuanced disciplinary contexts. Future research should focus on larger‐scale longitudinal studies and developing ethical frameworks for AI integration in peer‐review processes.
A Planar Darkfield Illuminator for Wide‐Field High‐Contrast Imaging of Specimens in Microfluidic Chips
Authors: Fan Zetao , Yang Xiao , You Xinxiang , Yang Ke , Zhu Ling , Zhang Douguo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDarkfield microscopy is an effective technique and well suited for use involving live and unstained biological samples, where a bulky condenser should be precisely aligned in the optical path to produce a cone of illumination light. Here, a compact darkfield illuminator is invented that has a planar shape and can work at broadband wavelengths. It can be easily incorporated into a conventional microscope as a substrate to produce hollow cones of light for large‐area darkfield illumination, resulting in a high‐contrast high‐sensitivity widefield microscopy images. Taking advantages of its planar and compact structure, this darkfield illuminator is successfully integrated with a microfluidic chip; thus, the actions and reactions of biological and chemical specimens flowing inside micrometer‐sized channels, can be real‐time imaged with high contrast and sensitivity in a large field‐of‐view (FoV). For the first time, the work integrates a compact darkfield illuminator with microfluidic chips, which produces a new platform for applications in biology, chemistry, and biomedical engineering.
Switchable Optical Trapping of Mie‐Resonant Phase‐Change Nanoparticles
Authors: Mao Libang , Toftul Ivan , Balendhran Sivacarendran , Taha Mohammad , Kivshar Yuri , Kruk Sergey 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOptical tweezers revolutionized the manipulation of nanoscale objects. Typically, tunable manipulations of optical tweezers rely on adjusting either the trapping laser beams or the optical environment surrounding the nanoparticles. Here, tunable and switchable trapping using nanoparticles made of a phase‐change material (vanadium dioxide or VO2) are achieved. By varying the intensity of the trapping beam, transitions of the VO2 between monoclinic and rutile phases are induced. Depending on the nanoparticles' sizes, they exhibit one of three behaviors: small nanoparticles (in the settings, radius wavelength ) remain always attracted by the laser beam in both material phases, large nanoparticles () remain always repelled. However, within the size range of , the phase transition of the VO2 switches optical forces between attractive and repulsive, thereby pulling/pushing them toward/away from the beam center. The effect is reversible, allowing the same particle to be attracted and repelled repeatedly. The phenomenon is governed by optical Mie modes of the nanoparticles and their alterations during the phase transition of the VO2. This work provides an alternative solution for dynamic optical tweezers and paves a way to new possibilities, including optical sorting, light‐driven optomechanics and single‐molecule biophysics.
High‐Entropy Perovskite Oxides Integrating Sunlight‐Driven Photochromic and Upconversion Manipulation for Power‐Independent Intrusion Detection Monitoring
Authors: Wang Xiangyu , Zhang Tingbo , Fan Jiawen , Wei Tong , Ning Cai , Han Yingdong , Wu Liwei , Cui Jiao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe security monitoring of valuables is a crucial concern to ensure the stable development of human social business activities, scientific research, production, and daily life. The implementation of security precautions has traditionally involved the mere placement of items in safes. However, the formidable task of ascertaining whether valuables have been compromised during storage remains a significant challenge. Photochromic materials are important intelligent substances that can be employed as a potential candidates for security monitoring. However, previous studies have predominantly focused on achieving prominent photochromism by utilizing specific light sources such as ultraviolet, laser, and X‐ray radiation. In light of these existing challenges, a design strategy engaging high entropy is proposed to improve the photochromic performance. By selecting a diverse range of volatile metal elements, the A‐site high entropy is realized within the ABO3 perovskite structure, enabling the construction of various defects. This results in the successful realization of the material's sensitive response to sunlight, thereby validating the feasibility of the photochromism boosted by a high entropy strategy. The developed photochromic materials for intrusion indication demonstrate the capability to operate autonomously, making it a crucial component in high‐level security monitoring systems and presenting a novel approach toward enhancing security protection in traditional domains.
Robust Carbon‐Dot Optical Disks for Orthogonal Amplitude‐Polarization Encryption Storage
Authors: Miao Jingying , Fu Shencheng , Zhang Shuo , Qi Xiuping , Liu Hongfang , Shan Guiye , Zhang Xintong , Xu Haiyang , Liu Yichun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHigh‐capacity steganography is crucial for the secure exchange of massive information. Exploring orthogonally optical recording can significantly improve encryption levels. However, due to the lack of robust media, the hidden data are easy to be cracked or destructed. Herein, carbon dots have the switchable memory function between optical transmittance and polarization state after receiving excitation power adjustment is discovered. A large‐area carbon‐based disk is further constructed which is measured to resist the high‐temperature damage at 423 K for more than 405 h and is estimated to remain stable at room‐temperature (301 K) beyond 2341 years. With the alternated arrangement of the dual functional carbon dots at one region of the disk, only by using an amplitude‐type holographic diffraction key can the polarized pattern be correctly read out. The ultra‐high secure encryption strategy also puts a bright way to the applications of 3D image hiding, permanent data preservation, and anti‐counterfeiting labels.
Optimizing Electron‐Beam Photothermal Pyrolysis Parameters for Enhanced Molecular Biodegradability of Polyvinyl Chloride Plastics
Authors: Porandla Rishika 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPolyvinyl chloride (PVC), a synthetic plastic notable for harmful emissions during deterioration, has potential to be molecularly adjusted by photo‐oxidative ultraviolet degradation. This research investigates the influence of electron beam irradiation and near‐infrared photothermal treatment utilizing gold nanoparticles to establish the optimized molecular weight and beam time exposure for biodegradable PVC properties while maintaining a minimum tensile strength as measured through the ratio of peak tension force by cross sectional area. PVC powder samples with number‐average molecular weights ranging from 20.0 to 90.0 kDa and varying exposure times of a 100 kGy electron beam from 80 to 115 ms are employed for the study. Outcomes from PVC irradiation reveal the optimal parameters for inducing biodegradability in samples: an e‐beam exposure duration of 95 ms applied to PVC powder with a sample molecular weight of 20.0 kDa. Analysis of the ratio of number average molecular weight and weight average molecular weight demonstrates that shorter irradiation durations result in lower molecular weights and molecular weight is directly proportional to Tg and crystallinity. Future work aims to scale up the procedure to industrial applications and investigate the treatment's applicability to a variety of thermoplastics.
Exploration of the Photoluminescence Behavior and Emission Mechanism of Thioester Polyacrylamide Tablets During the Gradual Increase of Molecular Weight
Authors: Zhou Qing , Wang Jun , Zhang Yuanchao , Yang Lei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo enhance the photoluminescence (PL) of unconventional luminescent compounds, particularly their persistent room temperature phosphorescence (p‐RTP) performance, compressing the powder into tablets has been demonstrated as a viable approach. Nevertheless, the alterations in the emission capability of PL in compacted tablets have not been comprehensively investigated. In this study, four polyacrylamide (PAM) with controllable molecular weight (MW) are fabricated from powder to tablets, and their PL emission properties are thoroughly examined and compared with corresponding powders to elucidate the emission mechanism. As MW increases, both PL and p‐RTP emissions of the tablets gradually intensify, exhibiting significant enhancement compared to the corresponding powder while retaining the characteristic blue shift. Through small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), construction of molecular models for tablets, detailed analysis of molecular interactions, and theoretical calculations are conducted to reasonably explain these emission phenomena using clustering‐triggered emission (CTE) and average packing density promoted emission (PDE) mechanisms. These findings not only advance the understanding of nonconventional luminogens' emission mechanisms but also offer new insights for preparing nonconventional luminescent polymers with controllable p‐RTP emission performance.
Enhancing Submarine Propulsion: Hydrogen SI Engine With EGR for NOx Reduction Monitored by AI
Authors: Soni Abhishek , Dawar Lakshit , Verma Garima , Bhatia Aarushi , Pahwa Ritu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis research paper underscores the critical importance of advancing submarine technology by proposing a fully hydrogen‐powered submarine integrated with an air‐independent propulsion (AIP) system and artificial intelligence (AI)‐driven safety measures. Such an innovative approach not only addresses the limitations of traditional diesel‐electric submarines but also promises to revolutionize naval operations. The adoption of hydrogen as the primary power source significantly extends the submarine's operational range, reducing its dependence on fossil fuels and minimizing environmental impact. The incorporation of AIP technology enables sustained underwater endurance, reducing vulnerability and enhancing mission effectiveness. Concurrently, AI‐driven safety measures provide robust leak detection and safe hydrogen handling, ensuring the well‐being of the crew while optimizing operational efficiency. This integrated solution represents a transformative step toward achieving a more sustainable, capable, and stealthy submarine fleet for modern warfare scenarios.