bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Duración de la lactancia materna exclusiva en una comunidad urbana y otra rural de Costa Rica
Authors: Marin Arias Lilliam , Ureña Cascante María Elena , Fernández Rojas Xinia 
Published: December 2017

Objetivo: Indagar la duración de la lactancia materna exclusiva en una comunidad urbana y una rural de Costa Rica. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal sobre el inicio y duración de la lactancia materna en niñas y niños menores de 5 años. La muestra estuvo constituida por 92 madres, 39 niñas y 64 niños. Para recolectar la información se realizó una visita domiciliar donde se completó un formulario sobre alimentación. Resultados: El 83,5% del total de los niños tomó leche materna en las primeras dos horas después del parto, aumentando a 94,2% pasado este tiempo, siendo la zona rural la que presenta la mayor proporción de casos. Las madres refieren haber brindado la lactancia materna en forma exclusiva en el 78,6% de los casos (77,6% y 80,0% en la zona urbana y rural respectivamente). La duración promedio de la lactancia materna exclusiva en los niños es de 4,1 ± 2,4 meses con un rango que oscila desde los 0 a 8 meses de vida. A pesar de que no existan diferencias estadísticamente significativas según lugar de residencia, se observa que la comunidad rural es donde los niños reciben por más tiempo leche materna de forma exclusiva (4,4 ± 2,1) comparado con la comunidad urbana (3,9 ± 2,6). Sin embargo, solo el 42,7% de los niños o niñas llegan a los seis meses alimentados con leche de sus madres, siendo la zona urbana la que presenta una mayor proporción de niñas y niños alimentados de esta forma (43,1%) en comparación con la zona rural (42,2%). Conclusión: Un porcentaje bajo de niños y niñas llegan a los seis meses de vida alimentados sólo con leche de sus madres, siendo la zona rural la que presenta una mejor actividad en torno a la lactancia materna exclusiva. No obstante, esta diferencia no es estadísticamente significativa.
Strategi Penataan Aktifitas Parkir dan Pedagang Kaki Lima pada Koridor Komersial Kota
Authors: Syariah Arfiani , Widiastuti Mega Ayundya 
Published: December 2017

The image characteristics of a city can be seen from it main streets corridor display. One of the aspects that affected the image was related to the parking spaces and street vendors arrangement. Gajah Mada street corridor as one of the main corridor in Sidoarjo City, its main activity was highly influenced by formal and informal commercial activities. Besides having a positive impact, the informal commercial sector also gave a negative impact for the corridor area.The Street vendors have occupied the sidewalk which had lead to pedestrian spatial activities transition up to the roadside. Those activities, along with inadequate parking space, have resulted in traffic congestion along the corridor. The study aimed to formulate the Gajah Mada Street corridor arrangement optimally for all of users convenience. The observations have shown that the traffic smoothness level along the Gajah Mada street varies on each zones.The corridor arrangement strategies was initiated through the parking location, type and time settings as well as the design of each business facilities. This research also has provided policy recommendation that can be taken by the local government related to parking arrangement and street vendors activities along the Gajah Mada street corridor of Sidoarjo.
Identification and Characterization of Green Microalgae, Scenedesmus sp. MCC26 and Acutodesmus obliquus MCC33 Isolated From Industrial Polluted Site Using Morphological and Molecular Markers
Authors: Sarwa Prakash , Verma Sanjay Kumar 
Published: December 2017

Two unicellular green microalgae, were isolated from Amani Shah Nallah (Jaipur, India) that receives discharge of dyeing industries. Preliminary morphological characterization using light microscopy showed ovoid, fusiform shape of cells with single to two celled coenobia in a culture suspension. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses depict abundant chloroplast located at the periphery of the cell, a pyrenoid as well as nucleus is visible in the centre. A well developed cell wall with many layers is also evident in TEM. Phylogenetic position and genetic variabilty among the isolated microalgal strains were investigated by 18S rDNA sequence analysis. The results suggest that the isolated microalgae belongs to family chlorophyceae and corresponds to genus Scenedesmus and genus Acutodesmus. Growth profile of both microalgal strains showed a typical sigmoid curve with specific growth rate of µmax, 0.839 day-1 and 0.654 day-1 for Scenedesmus sp. and Acutodesmus obliquus, respectively. The strains were allotted with MCC numbers by IARI, New Delhi as MCC26 for Scenedesmus sp. and MCC33 for Acutodesmus obliquus.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 415-422
Evaluation of Maize Genotypes against Southern Leaf Blight (Bipolaris Maydis) During Summer Seasons at Rampur, Chitwan
Authors: Rijal Tirtha Raj , Koirala Keshab Babu , Karki Mina 
Published: December 2017

Maize genotypes were screened at research field of National Maize Research Program, Rampur, Chitwan on 20 maize genotypes during 2015 and 2016 summer season with the objective of identification of resistant genotypes against southern leaf blight caused by Bipolaris maydis. Field experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Disease scoring was done as percentage of leaf area infected using 1-5 rating scale. In both the years among the tested genotypes, disease severity and grain yield varies significantly. None of the genotypes reacted for resistant whereas four genotypes; 05SADVI, BGBYPOP, RAMS03F08 and RML-32/RML-17 were moderately resistant over the years. For grain yield most of the tested genotypes produced comparatively lower grain yield however RML-32/RML-17 was superior for grain yield (3.1 t/ha) over the years. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 532-536
Evaluation of Bone Mineral Density by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Jahan Nafisa , Rahman KBM Abdur , Nadiruzzaman - 
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Osteoporosis or low bone mass is one of the systemic effects of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fracture may occur as a complication of low bone mass in these patients that increases the morbidity. There is lack of awareness about the decreased bone mass in these patients. There is significant need to screen those patients who are at risk, so that early diagnosis can be made and preventive and or therapeutic measures can be taken to avoid the consequences of osteoporosis. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is the current gold standard for the diagnosis of osteoporosis or low bone mass. Objective: To evaluate the bone mineral density of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and compare with the controls (non-COPD patients). Method: In the period of January 2010 to December 2010 a total number of 100 subjects were included in the study. Among them fifty patients were with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and fifty apparently healthy persons without chronic lung diseases taken as comparison group controls. Bone mineral density (BMD) of lower lumber spine (L1-L4) and left femoral neck were measured by Lunar DPX pro (GE) scanner. Low BMD was defined according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria based on T score of patients and were compared with the controls. Results: BMD was significantly low in COPD patients than in control group. At femoral neck, low BMD was found among 84% of patients with COPD and 36% of controls without COPD. At lumber spine low BMD was found among 86% of patients with COPD and 60% of patients without COPD. Conclusion: This study suggests that bone mineral density is low in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 18(1): 27-31, January 2015
An Agent-based Simulation of a QoS-oriented Supply Chain
Authors: Gumzej Roman , Rosi Bojan 
Published: December 2017

With adaptive customer-orientation the efficiency of supply chain management is improved substantially. By the introduction of service quality-based decision-making into supply chain management the quality of service (QoS) within supply chains is expected to improve autonomously and continuously up- and downstream. In the paper the main characteristics of quality of service oriented supply chain management are outlined. The quality of service criterion, introduced into the adaptive supply chain model, provides market regulators and managements with the needed information and feedback to their increasingly informed decisions. By an experiment comprising several typical scenarios on our agent-based simulation model it was possible to empirically verify the expected impact of quality of service-based reasoning on generic adaptive supply chains.
Activation of KLF4 expression by small activating RNA promotes migration and invasion in colorectal epithelial cells
Authors: Zhou Qinqin , Fan Dejun , Huang Kejun , Chen Xiuting , Chen Yufeng , Mai Qingyun 
Published: December 2017

AbstractRNA activation mediated by small double‐stranded RNAs targeting promoter sequence named small activating RNAs (saRNAs) is one of the mechanisms for gene activation. Artificial regulation of gene expression through RNA activation does not affect the alteration of the genomic DNA sequences or exogenous plasmid DNA, therefore it is a relative manageable approach for gene perturbation. KLF4 is a member of zinc‐finger transcription factors and its functions in colorectal cells are still controversial. In order to elucidate the functions of KLF4, we synthesized saRNAs that target the promoter regions of KLF4 and transfected into varied colorectal epithelial cell lines. We found the KLF4 gene expression is specifically increased in the human normal epithelial cell NCM460 and colorectal epithelial cancer cell Caco‐2 and HCT116, but not in other human colorectal epithelial cell lines. In addition, we observed that saRNAs induced overexpression of KLF4 could promote cell migration/invasion in NCM460 and HCT116 cell lines. This effect is mediated partly by inducing EMT and facilitating nuclear translocation of β‐catenin.
A Metal–Organic Framework Supported Nonprecious Metal Photocatalyst for Visible‐Light‐Driven Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Tilgner Dominic , Friedrich Martin , Verch Andreas , de Jonge Niels , Kempe Rhett 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe utilization of abundantly available elements in key technologies is a promising way to save precious and rare metals. Iron and titanium offer the highest abundance of all transition metals in the earth's crust and their application in catalytic processes is preferable regarding sustainable material development. The photocatalytic decontamination of wastewater using visible‐light‐responsive materials is of high interest due to the demand for clean water and the increasing accumulation of harmful organic compounds resulting from medical or industrial waste. Herein, we report a novel photocatalyst based on the generation of crystalline Fe2O3 and TiO2 on size‐optimized colloidal metal–organic framework crystallites. The reusable photocatalyst permits the efficient oxidative degradation of pharmaceutical compounds and toxic dyes under visible‐light illumination and without the requirement of additives or noble metals. We observed a higher photocatalytic activity for our Fe2O3/TiO2@MIL‐101 material than for commercially available Fe2O3, TiO2, and TiO2 (P25).
NiMo‐Ceria‐Zirconia Catalyst for Inert‐Substrate‐Supported Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Running on Model Gasoline
Authors: Zhao Kai , Bkour Qusay , Kim Bok‐Hee , Norton M. Grant , Ha Su 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA NiMo‐ceria‐zirconia catalyst was developed for an inert‐substrate‐supported tubular single cell running on isooctane fuel. The tubular single cell consisted of an inert porous yttira‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) supporter, Ni‐Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (Ni‐SDC) anode, YSZ/SDC bilayer electrolyte and La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (LSCF) cathode. The NiMo‐ceria‐zirconia catalyst was packed in the tubular channel of the single cell as a reforming unit. With application of the catalyst in the tubular cell, the mixture of isooctane and air can be efficiently reformed to simple syngas (a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide) at 750 °C. Compared to electrochemical performance of the single cell without the catalyst, applying the catalyst increased maximum power density of the single cell from 240 to 306 mW cm−2, and the single cell exhibited significantly improved stability during the 18 h performance test. The results suggest the feasibility of applying the NiMo‐ceria‐zirconia catalyst for operating the tubular single cell using isooctane fuel.
A New Three‐Dimensional Cd(II) Metal‐Organic Framework for Highly Selective Sensing of Fe3+ as well as Nitroaromatic Compounds
Authors: Shu Ting , Wang Ning , Li Yun , Fu Donghui , Fan Haihua , Luo Mingjin , Yue Shantang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA new three‐dimensional Cd(II)‐organic framework [Cd(H2BDDA)]n based on fluorescent ligand, 4,4’‐([2, 2’‐bipyridine]‐6,6’‐diylbis(oxy) diphthalic acid(H4BDDA), has been successfully achieved. The obtained [Cd(H2BDDA)]n contained both fluorescent ligands and cadmium ions, thus showing multi‐responsive photoluminescence sensing properties. It can be used to detect Fe3+ with a sensitivity of 2.69 ppm in aqueous solution. For the fluorescence responses of [Cd(H2BDDA)]n dispersed in water solution with gradually increased p‐nitroaniline(p‐NA) and N‐methyl‐4‐nitroaniline (N−M‐4‐NA) concentrations, photoluminescence quenching can be detected even at a very low concentration of 0.68 ppm for p‐NA and 0.80 ppm for N−M‐4‐NA, which indicated that [Cd(H2BDDA)]n has an extremely high sensitivity to p‐NA and N−M‐4‐NA. To our best knowledge, [Cd(H2BDDA)]n is the first example of Cd(II) MOF based on the fluorescent ligand H4BDDA, which can be used for the detection of Fe3+ ions and NACs, especially for p‐NA and N−M‐4‐NA.
One‐step Preparation of Monodisperse Multifunctional Macroporous Particles through a Spontaneous Physical Process
Authors: Feng Xueyan , Wang Xiuyu , Zhang Di , Feng Feng , Yao Li , Ma Guiping 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMacroporous particles that combine the property features of spherical structures and porous materials are expected to find use over micro‐ and macroscopic length scales from miniaturized systems such as cell imaging, drug and gene delivery to industrial applications. However, the capacity for de novo design of such materials is still limited. Here, a spontaneous process to fabricate monodisperse multifunctional macroporous particles (MMMPs) by high internal phase emulsion templating is reported. An interesting physical phenomenon involving self‐emulsification and synergistic effects between nanoparticles and amphiphilic diblock copolymers is observed in this process. These MMMPs, featured with tailor‐made pore structures, pH responsiveness, and magnetic response, could be used as stimuli‐responsive carriers for multiple functional molecules with a high loading and releasing efficiency. This new understanding regarding the underlying phenomena that control self‐emulsification behavior and synergistic action in emulsion systems provides a unique outlook and a novel approach to the design of potentially multifunctional porous materials for controllable release and delivery processes.
Erythropoietin Does Not Alter Serum Profiles of Neuronal and Axonal Biomarkers After Traumatic Brain Injury: Findings From the Australian EPO-TBI Clinical Trial
Authors: Hellewell Sarah C. , Mondello Stefania , Conquest Alison , Shaw Gerry , Madorsky Irina , Deng Jay V. , Little Lorraine , Kobeissy Firas , Bye Nicole , Bellomo Rinaldo , Cooper David J. , Vallance Shirley , Board Jasmine , Morganti-Kossmann Maria C. 
Published: December 2017

Objective:To determine profiles of serum ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy-chain, examine whether erythropoietin administration reduce their concentrations, and whether biomarkers discriminate between erythropoietin and placebo treatment groups.Design:Single-center, prospective observational study.Setting:A sub-study of the erythropoietin-traumatic brain injury clinical trial, conducted at the Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.Patients:Forty-four patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury.Interventions:Epoetin alfa 40,000 IU or 1 mL sodium chloride 0.9 as subcutaneous injection within 24 hours of traumatic brain injury.Measurements and Main Results:Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1, phosphorylated neurofilament heavy-chain, and erythropoietin concentrations were measured in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from D0 (within 24 hr of injury, prior to erythropoietin/vehicle administration) to D5. Biomarker concentrations were compared between injury severities, diffuse versus focal traumatic brain injury and erythropoietin or placebo treatment groups. Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 peaked at 146.0 ng/mL on D0, significantly decreased to 84.30 ng/mL on D1, and declined thereafter. Phosphorylated neurofilament heavy-chain levels were lowest at D0 and peaked on D5 at 157.9 ng/mL. D0 ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 concentrations were higher in diffuse traumatic brain injury. Peak phosphorylated neurofilament heavy-chain levels on D3 and D4 correlated with Glasgow Outcome Score–Extended, predicting poor outcome. Erythropoietin did not reduce concentrations of ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 or phosphorylated neurofilament heavy-chain.Conclusions:Serum ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy-chain increase after traumatic brain injury reflecting early neuronal and progressive axonal injury. Consistent with lack of improved outcome in traumatic brain injury patients treated with erythropoietin, biomarker concentrations and profiles were not affected by erythropoietin. Pharmacokinetics of erythropoietin suggest that the dose given was possibly too low to exert neuroprotection.
Vascularized Thymosternal Composite Tissue Allo- and Xenotransplantation in Nonhuman Primates: Initial Experience
Authors: Sendil Selin , Diaconu Silviu C. , O’Neill Natalie A. , Burdorf Lars , Tatarov Ivan , Parsell Dawn M. , Azimzadeh Agnes M. , Pierson Richard N. , Nam Arthur J. 
Published: December 2017

Background:
Vascularized composite allotransplantation is constrained by complications associated with standard immunosuppressive strategies. Vascularized thymus and bone marrow have been shown to promote prolonged graft survival in composite organ and soft-tissue vascularized composite allotransplantation models. We report development of a nonhuman primate vascularized thymosternal composite tissue transplant model as a platform to address donor-specific immune tolerance induction strategies.

Methods:
Vascularized thymosternal allograft (skin, muscle, thymus, sternal bone) was transplanted between MHC-mismatched rhesus monkeys (feasibility studies) and baboons (long-term survival studies), with end-to-side anastomoses of the donor aorta and SVC to the recipient common femoral vessels. A male allograft was transplanted to a female’s lower abdominal wall, and clinically applicable immunosuppression was given. Skin biopsies and immunological assays were completed at regular intervals, and chimerism was quantified using polymerase chain reaction specific for baboon Y chromosome.

Results:
Four allo- and 2 xenotransplants were performed, demonstrating consistent technical feasibility. In 1 baboon thymosternal allograft recipient treated with anti-CD40–based immunosuppression, loss of peripheral blood microchimerism after day 5 was observed and anticipated graft rejection at 13 days. In the second allograft, when cutaneous erythema and ecchymosis with allograft swelling was treated with anti-thymocyte globulin starting on day 6, microchimerism persisted until immunosuppression was reduced after the first month, and the allograft survived to 87 days, 1 month after cessation of immunosuppression treatment.

Conclusions:
We established both allo- and xeno- composite vascularized thymosternal transplant preclinical models, which will be useful to investigate the role of primarily vascularized donor bone marrow and thymus.
Prompt Referral in the Nonoperative Treatment of Obstetrical Brachial Plexus Injuries
Authors: Azzi Alain Joe , Aubin-Lemay Camille , Kvann Julie Chakriya , Retrouvey Helene , Aldekhayel Salah , Zadeh Teanoosh 
Published: December 2017

Background:
Prompt physical and occupational therapy is crucial in managing nonsurgical candidates with obstetrical brachial plexus injuries (OBPI). The objective of our study was to identify newborns suffering from nonoperative OBPI in need of a “fast-track” evaluation by a multidisciplinary team.

Methods:
This is a retrospective review of patients with OBPI from June 1995 to June 2015. All nonsurgical candidates (Narakas class 1) were included in the study. The Gilbert score and the Medical Research Council grading system were used to measure shoulder and elbow function, respectively. The relationship between shoulder and elbow functional outcomes and time delay to consultation was studied using analysis of variance and Welch’s tests. Various subgroups were studied based on OBPI risk factors: maternal diabetes, birth weight >4 kg, use of forceps, asphyxia, multiple comorbidities, and Apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes.

Results:
A total of 168 patients were included in this study. Mean follow-up time was 313.8 weeks (minimum: 52; maximum: 1072; SD: 228.1). A total of 19 patients had an Apgar scores <7 at 5 minutes. Time delay between birth and the first consult to our clinic had an impact on shoulder outcome in the subgroup of newborns with Apgar scores <7 at 5 minutes.

Conclusions:
The subgroup of newborns with an Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes shows improved long-term shoulder function when promptly examined by an OBPI clinic. We recommend a “fast-track” referral for this time-sensitive population.