bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Draft genome sequence of
Listeria aquatica
strain SG_BD1, isolated from a cow dung sample in Bangladesh
Authors: Rivu Supantha , Smith Elspeth , Stafford Graham , Ahmed Sangita 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the genome of
Listeria aquatica
strain SG_BD1, isolated from cow dung in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and assembled after Oxford Nanopore sequencing. The genome is 2,690,148 bp with 2,855 predicted coding DNA sequences, G + C content of 39.6%, and displays a putative virulence gene
clpP
and 9 CRISPRs.
Model of integrated mental health video consultations for people with depression or anxiety in primary care (PROVIDE-C): assessor masked, multicentre, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Haun Markus W , Tönnies Justus , Hartmann Mechthild , Wildenauer Alina , Wensing Michel , Szecsenyi Joachim , Feißt Manuel , Pohl Moritz , Vomhof Markus , Icks Andrea , Friederich Hans-Christoph 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate whether an integrated mental health video consultation approach (PROVIDE model) can improve symptoms compared with usual care in adults with depression and anxiety disorders attending primary care.

Design

Assessor masked, multicentre, randomised controlled trial (PROVIDE-C).

Setting

In 29 primary care practices in Germany, working remotely online from one trial hub.

Participants

376 adults (18-81 years) who presented to their general practitioner (GP) with depression or anxiety, or both.

Intervention

Participants were randomised (1:1) to receive the PROVIDE model (n=187) or usual care (n=189). Usual care was provided by GPs through interventions such as brief counselling and psychotropic medication prescriptions and may or may not have included referrals to mental health specialists. The PROVIDE model comprised transdiagnostic treatment provided through five real-time video sessions between the patient at the primary care practice and a mental health specialist at an offsite location.

Main outcome measures

The primary outcome was the absolute change in the mean severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms measured using the patient health questionnaire anxiety and depression scale (PHQ-ADS) at six months, in the intention-to-treat population. Secondary outcomes, measured at six and 12 months, included PHQ-ADS subscores, psychological distress related to somatic symptoms, recovery, health related quality of life, quality and patient centredness of chronic illness care, and adverse events.

Results

Between 24 March 2020 and 23 November 2021, 376 patients were randomised into treatment groups. Mean age was 45 years (standard deviation (SD) 14), 63% of the participants were female, and mean PHQ-ADS-score was 26 points (SD 7.6). Compared with usual care, the PROVIDE intervention led to improvements in severity of depressive and anxiety symptom (adjusted mean change difference in the PHQ-ADS score −2.4 points (95% confidence interval −4.5 to −0.4), P=0.02) at six months. The effects were sustained at 12 months (−2.9 (−5.0 to −0.7), P<0.01). No serious adverse events were reported in either group.

Conclusions

Through relatively low intensity treatment, the PROVIDE model led to a decrease in depressive and anxiety symptoms with small effects in the short and long term. Depression and anxiety disorders are prevalent and therefore the small effect might cumulatively impact on population health in this population.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04316572
.
Identifying markers of health-seeking behaviour and healthcare access in UK electronic health records
Authors: Graham Sophie , Walker Jemma L , Andrews Nick , Nitsch Dorothea , Parker Edward P K , McDonald Helen 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of identifying markers of health-seeking behaviour and healthcare access in UK electronic health records (EHR), for identifying populations at risk of poor health outcomes and adjusting for confounding in epidemiological studies.DesignCross-sectional observational study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum prelinked to Hospital Episode Statistics.SettingIndividual-level routine clinical data from 13 million patients across general practices (GPs) and secondary data in England.ParticipantsIndividuals aged ≥66 years on 1 September 2019.Main outcome measuresWe used the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) model and the literature to iteratively develop criteria for markers selection. Based on this we selected 15 markers: those that represented uptake of public health interventions, markers of active healthcare access/use and markers of lack of access/underuse. We calculated the prevalence of each marker using relevant lookback periods prior to the index date (1 September 2019) and compared with national estimates. We assessed the correlation coefficients (phi) between markers with inferred hierarchical clustering.ResultsWe included 1 991 284 individuals (mean age: 75.9 and 54.0% women). The prevalence of markers ranged from <0.1% (low-value prescriptions) to 92.6% (GP visits), and most were in line with national estimates; for example, 73.3% for influenza vaccination in the 2018/2019 season, compared with 72.4% in national estimates. Screening markers, for example, abdominal aortic aneurysm screening were under-recorded even in age-eligible groups (54.3% in 65–69 years old vs 76.1% in national estimates in men). Overall, marker correlations were low (<0.5) and clustered into groups according to underlying determinants from the TPB model.ConclusionOverall, markers of health-seeking behaviour and healthcare access can be identified in UK EHRs. The generally low correlations between different markers of health-seeking behaviour and healthcare access suggest a range of variables are needed to capture different determinants of healthcare use.
Interaction between economic status and healthy lifestyle in long COVID among Chinese older population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Yaping , Li Manchang , Zhang Bingkun , Feng Yue , Yu Yinghui , Guo Ling , Du Min , Yan Wenxin , Liu Qiao , Qin Chenyuan , Deng Jie , Song Chao , Liu Jue 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesTo estimate the interaction between economic status (ES) and healthy lifestyle in long COVID among Chinese older people infected with SARS-CoV-2.DesignA cross-sectional study based on the Peking University Health Cohort in Anning, Yunnan.SettingAll primary health institutions in Anning, Yunnan Province, China, from April to May 2023.ParticipantsA total of 4804 people aged 60 and older infected with SARS-CoV-2 were included in this study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresLong COVID was measured by participants’ self-reported symptoms using structured questionnaires. ES was measured by last-month personal income, and participants’ ES was defined as low if their income was below the per capita monthly income of local residents. Lifestyle score was equal to the number of healthy behaviours (including smoking, drinking, weight, exercise and diet) and grouped using the median score as the cut-off point. Univariate and multivariate logistic models were employed to estimate the association of ES with long COVID. Interaction between ES and lifestyle in long COVID was assessed by multiplicative interaction term.ResultsWe enrolled a total of 4804 participants infected with SARS-CoV-2, of whom 57.3% (2754 of 4804) had at least one long COVID symptom. Fatigue (1546, 56.1%), cough (1263, 45.9%) and muscle pain (880, 32.0%) were the top three common symptoms. Patients with low ES had a 48% (adjusted OR: 1.48; 95% CI 1.22, 1.82) increased risk of long COVID. A significant interaction was observed between ES and lifestyle (p value for interaction <0.001) in long COVID.ConclusionThe interaction between ES and healthy lifestyle in long COVID was prominent. Comprehensive strengthened economic support for patients recovering from COVID-19, especially for those with low healthy lifestyle, should be implemented to prevent and manage long COVID symptoms.
Traditional healing practices, factors influencing to access the practices and its complementary effect on mental health in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review
Authors: Berhe Kenfe Tesfay , Gesesew Hailay Abrha , Ward Paul R 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesIn areas with limited and unaffordable biomedical mental health services, such as sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), traditional healers are an incredibly well-used source of mental healthcare. This systematic review synthesises the available evidence on traditional healing practices, factors to access it and its effectiveness in improving people’s mental health in SSA.DesignSystematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses approach.Data sourcesPubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL and Scopus studies published before 1 December 2022.Eligibility criteriaQualitative and quantitative studies reported traditional healing practices to treat mental health problems in SSA countries published in English before 1 December 2022.Data extraction and synthesisData were extracted using Covidence software, thematically analysed and reported using tables and narrative reports. The methodological quality of the included papers was evaluated using Joanna Briggs Institute quality appraisal tools.ResultsIn total, 51 studies were included for analysis. Traditional healing practices included faith-based (spiritual or religious) healing, diviner healing practices and herbal therapies as complementary to other traditional healing types. Objectively measured studies stated that people’s mental health improved through collaborative care of traditional healing and biomedical care services. In addition, other subjectively measured studies revealed the effect of traditional healing in improving the mental health status of people. Human rights abuses occur as a result of some traditional practices, including physical abuse, chaining of the patient and restriction of food or fasting or starving patients. Individual, social, traditional healers, biomedical healthcare providers and health system-related factors were identified to accessing traditional healing services.ConclusionAlthough there is no conclusive, high-level evidence to support the effectiveness of traditional healing alone in improving mental health status. Moreover, the included studies in this review indicated that traditional healing and biomedical services collaborative care improve people’s mental health.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023392905.
Do bisphosphonates and RANKL inhibitors alter the progression of coronary artery calcification? A systematic review
Authors: Saunders Samantha Louise , Chaudhri Kanika , McOrist Nathan Scott , Gladysz Karen , Gnanenthiran Sonali R , Shalaby Grant 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesTo determine whether bisphosphonates and NF-κB ligand (RANKL) inhibitors delay coronary artery calcification (CAC).DesignA systematic review was conducted.Data sourcesMEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL.Eligibility criteriaLongitudinal studies investigating CAC progression in adults (>18 years) taking either a bisphosphonate or denosumab compared with those who did not.Data extraction and synthesisStudy and participant characteristics, and primary outcome ( ∆ CAC from baseline to follow-up) were extracted. The Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomised Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I) and Risk-of-Bias Tool for Randomised Trials (RoB2) tools were used to assess the risk of bias for observational and randomised controlled trials (RCTs), respectively. Outcome measures were reported.ResultsFour observational studies and one RCT (n=377) were included. Three studies solely reported the effect of bisphosphonates on ∆ CAC; one study (n=56) demonstrated a statistically significant CAC reduction in the intervention group (−372 mm3/year) compared with control (+159 mm3/year) (p<0.01). One study (n=14) demonstrated a difference in ∆ CAC between intervention (+880 mm3/year) versus control (+2220 mm3/year), however, no p value comparing groups was reported. One study (n=115) found no statistically significant difference between intervention and control.One study (n=42) exclusively investigated the effect of RANKL on ∆ CAC; there was a statistically significant reduction in CAC at 6-month follow-up between intervention (−133±124 modified Agatston unit (AU)) and control (+188±72 modified AU), p=0.03.One study (n=150) compared both bisphosphonates and denosumab to control and found no statistically significant difference between either intervention group and control over 24 months. Meta-analysis was not performed due to limited, heterogeneous studies.ConclusionsThere is insufficient evidence supporting the correlation between bisphosphonate or RANKL inhibitor use and CAC progression. Further research is warranted.
Effect of volatile anaesthetic agents on intracranial pressure, cerebrovascular flow and autoregulation: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Taylor Ben , Ellis Jack , Ponty Sam , Patrick Lewis , Scott Timothy E , Chockalingam Nachiappan 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe use of volatile anaesthetic agents for the sedation of patients requiring critical care treatment offers several theoretical advantages over intravenous sedation, which may be of benefit in neurocritical care. However, there are concerns that they may increase intracranial pressure. The objective of this systematic review is to assess whether, and if so, to what extent volatile anaesthetic agents affect intracranial pressure, cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral oximetry and cerebrovascular autoregulation. If sufficient data exist, subgroup analyses will be conducted in traumatic brain injury and decompressive craniectomy patients.Methods and analysisA database search of PubMed, Medline (including Medline plus), CINAHL (including CINAHL Plus), Embase databases and the Cochrane Central Controlled Trials Register without time limits will be conducted. The search results will be screened by title and abstract by two independent researchers on a rule-in basis against predetermined criteria—controlled studies in humans of contemporary fluorinated volatile anaesthetic agents against a control, which measures intracranial pressure, CBF, cerebral oximetry or cerebrovascular autoregulation. Articles responsive to screening will then be reviewed in full text by two independent researchers, requiring consensus or a tie-break by a third independent researcher. Reference lists and a non-generative AI tool will be examined for missed articles, with all identified articles being reviewed in full text by two independent researchers. The included articles will be assessed for risk of bias and will have data extracted by two independent researchers. If sufficient data exist, a meta-analysis will be performed; otherwise, a narrative description of outcomes will be performed.Ethics and disseminationNo ethics approval will be sought for this systematic review. This study has no explicit funding. The results of this study will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal, in a conference presentation and on PROSPERO.Trial registration numberPROSPERO number CRD42023474587
Infectious acute respiratory failure in patients under 5 years of age: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Rifai Mahmoud , Bergounioux Jean , Sleiman Nelly , Ismail Jennyne , Zini Justine 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundAcute lower respiratory infections in children under 5 years present a real challenge for diagnosis and treatment and are the first cause of mortality for this group of age. The study aimed to describe the characteristics of infectious acute respiratory failure due to bronchiolitis, pulmonary infection or severe acute asthma related to a virus or bacteria in this population of children under 5 years old at admission to the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU), PICU management and outcomes in order to better identify the needs of these patients. Our secondary aim was to compare the characteristics and PICU management of this population (1) depending on their age (less or more than 6 months old) and (2) depending on the pulmonary imaging (absence or presence of an alveolar condensation on the chest X-ray or lung ultrasound).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study in two PICUs in the Ile-de-France region. We included children under 5 years old hospitalised between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2021 due to a respiratory infection complicated by acute respiratory failure.ResultsWe included 707 patients. The median age was 3 months. On arrival, patients were oxygen-dependent with a mean fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 34% and 63% required non-invasive ventilation (NIV). During hospitalisation, more than 70% required ventilatory support by NIV and 10% by tracheal intubation. 18% required volaemic expansion and 4% vasopressors. Nearly 90% of PCRs for respiratory viruses were positive, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was found in almost two-thirds of cases.Streptococcus pneumoniae,Moraxella catarrhalisandHaemophilus influenzaewere frequently found. Significantly, patients aged less than 6 months old needed more NIV, had less alveolar condensation, had slightly lower oxygen requirements, a less frank inflammatory syndrome and a more frequently positive PCR for respiratory viruses.ConclusionsWe highlighted similarities between patients hospitalised for lower respiratory infection in PICU in France and those in Australia or Brazil. Optimal management relies mainly on NIV, oxygen therapy with FiO2 under 40% and available antibiotics. These results lead us to believe that the implementation of NIV training and equipment could help reduce mortality due to lower respiratory infections in children worldwide.
Influence of vitamin D supplementation on muscle strength and exercise capacity in South African schoolchildren: secondary outcomes from a randomised controlled trial (ViDiKids)
Authors: Middelkoop Keren , Micklesfield Lisa , Hemmings Stephanie , Walker Neil , Stewart Justine , Jolliffe David A , Mendham Amy E , Tang Jonathan C Y , Cooper Cyrus , Harvey Nicholas C , Wilkinson Robert J , Martineau Adrian R 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveTo determine whether vitamin D supplementation influences grip strength, explosive leg power, cardiorespiratory fitness and risk of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in South African schoolchildren.MethodsSubstudy (n=450) in Cape Town schoolchildren aged 8–11 years nested within a phase 3 randomised placebo-controlled trial (ViDiKids). The intervention was weekly oral doses of 10 000 IU vitamin D3(n=228) or placebo (n=222) for 3 years. Outcome measures were serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3(25(OH)D3) concentrations, grip strength, standing long jump distance, peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak, determined using 20 m multistage shuttle run tests) and the proportion of children with EIB, measured at end-study.Results64.7% of participants had serum 25(OH)D3concentrations <75 nmol/L at baseline. At 3-year follow-up, children randomised to vitamin D versus placebo had higher mean serum 25(OH)D3concentrations (97.6 vs 58.8 nmol/L, respectively; adjusted mean difference 39.9 nmol/L, 95% CI 36.1 to 43.6). However, this was not associated with end-study differences in grip strength, standing long jump distance, VO2peakor risk of EIB.ConclusionA 3-year course of weekly oral supplementation with 10 000 IU vitamin D3elevated serum 25(OH)D3concentrations in South African schoolchildren but did not influence muscle strength, exercise capacity or risk of EIB.
Identification and stratification of placenta percreta with gynecologic oncologist management
Authors: Munoz Jessian Louis , Blankenship Logan Michelle , Ireland Kayla Evonne , Ramsey Patrick Shannon , McCann Georgia A 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveGynecologic oncologist involvement in the surgical team of patients with placenta percreta has shown improved patient outcomes. Yet, stratification of cases is dependent on identification of placenta percreta by ultrasonography which has a poor detection rate. To allow patients to receive optimal team management by pre-operative stratification our objective was to identify the pre-operative characteristics of patients with previously underdiagnosed placenta percreta.MethodsA retrospective single institution case-control study was performed from January 2010 to December 2022 of singleton, non-anomalous pregnancies with suspicion for placenta accreta spectrum (PAS). Ultrasonography was used as the primary method of detection. Final inclusion was dependent on histology confirmation of PAS and degree of invasion. We explored the role of concurrent antenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on patients with previously unrecognized placenta percreta.ResultsDuring the 13 year study period, 140 cases of histologically confirmed PAS were managed by our team and met inclusion criteria. A total of 72 (51.4%) cases were for placenta percreta and 27 (37.5%) of these were diagnosed pre-operatively while 45 (62.5%) were only diagnosed post-operatively. Comparison between these two groups revealed patient body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2was independently associated with unrecognized placenta percreta (p=0.006). No findings by MRI were associated with mischaracterization of placenta percreta. Yet, concurrent MRI assessment of patients with BMI >30 kg/m2(n=18), increased placenta percreta detection by 11 cases (61%).ConclusionThe ability to determine pre-operatively which patients are more likely to have placenta percreta allows for gynecologic oncologists to be involved in the most complex cases in a planned manner. This study shows that women at risk for placenta accreta spectrum, who are obese (BMI >30 kg/m2), may benefit from further assessment with pre-operative MRI to facilitate appropriate staffing and team availability for cases of placenta percreta.
Generating in-store customer journeys from scratch with GPT architectures
Authors: Horikomi Taizo , Mizuno Takayuki 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We propose a method that can generate customer trajectories and purchasing behaviors in retail stores simultaneously using Transformer-based deep learning structure. Utilizing customer trajectory data, layout diagrams, and retail scanner data obtained from a retail store, we trained a GPT-2 architecture from scratch to generate indoor trajectories and purchase actions. Additionally, we explored the effectiveness of fine-tuning the pre-trained model with data from another store. Results demonstrate that our method reproduces in-store trajectories and purchase behaviors more accurately than LSTM and SVM models, with fine-tuning significantly reducing the required training data.

Graphic abstract
Facts and Hopes for PET Imaging–Derived Immunotherapy Biomarkers
Authors: de Groot Derk Jan A. , Lub-de Hooge Marjolijn N. , van Meerten Tom , Brouwers Adrienne H. , de Vries Elisabeth G.E. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Current immunotherapies have brought major progress in cancer treatments, but not all patients benefit. Therefore, insight into reasons for treatment failure and optimal biomarkers for patient selection are warranted. Current approved biomarkers for cancer immunotherapy do not provide insight into characteristics across tumor lesions in a patient or their heterogeneity. Here, whole-body PET imaging with specific tracers may provide support. Moreover, the biodistribution of cell therapies and complex molecules, such as bispecific antibodies, can be visualized by PET imaging, and repeat PET imaging allows to study the whole-body kinetics of the immune response. In this review, we present the status of using PET imaging–derived biomarkers for patients with cancer receiving immunotherapy. Next, the hopes and scientific challenges ahead to optimize current PET imaging biomarker development and to discover novel PET-derived baseline and dynamic biomarkers to potentially guide us in drug development and more precise patient and therapy selection will be discussed.