bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of a large competitor’s entry and level of innovativeness in consumer adoption of new products
Authors: Kim Yongbum , Choi Jayoung 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the role of a large competitor’s entry and level of innovativeness in consumer adoption of new products.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is based on a comparison between market uncertainty and technological uncertainty. This paper henceforth defines and analyzes the following key factors affecting the purchase intention of small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) new products: type of new products and entry of large competitors. The study further verifies mediator variables that exert impacts: uncertainties regarding both technology and market.

Findings
The findings are as follows: purchase intention of SME new products does vary according primarily to the product types and entry of large competitors. More specifically, the entry of large competitors reduces uncertainties about really new products, thereby positively affecting SME new products.

Originality/value
There was no causal relationship found, however, on incrementally new products. Further findings clarify that the mediator variables affecting reciprocal interactions between purchase intention of SME new products and the entry of large competitors hold valid only for market uncertainties and not for technological uncertainties.
An examination of firms’ strategic orientations, innovativeness and performance with large Korean companies
Authors: Shin Sohyoun Synthia , Lee Sungho 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to provide an examination of firms’ strategic orientations, innovativeness and performance with large Korean companies.Design/methodology/approachThe authors investigated the impacts of firms’ major key strategic orientations (customer orientation [CO], competitor orientation [PO], technology orientation [TO] and internal/cost orientation [IO]) on firm innovativeness (INNO) and performance outcomes with large Korean companies.FindingsThe results of the analysis showed that CO, PO and TO positively influence the innovativeness, which contributes to firm performance.Originality/valueThe authors provide some managerial implications on the multiple roles of strategic orientations on firm INNO and performances, along with limitations of this study and future research directions.
Internationalization and performance: evidence from Chinese firms
Authors: Zhou Chao 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to test the internationalization–performance relationship based on data of Chinese firms and the impact of firm size on the internationalization–performance relationship.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses overseas subsidiaries as a percentage of total subsidiaries to measure the degree of internationalization. As the overseas subsidiaries and total subsidiaries data of Chinese A-share listed firms are not available in any existing databases, the author hand-collected information on subsidiaries of Chinese A-share listed manufacturing firms from their annual financial reports during 2001-2014. The basic accounting and market information is collected from the China Stock Market and Accounting Research Database. This paper finally gets 535 manufacturing firms.FindingsThe empirical results suggest that the internationalization–performance relationship is W-shaped in overall samples, but varies with firm size. Specifically, the internationalization–performance relationship is W-shaped in small firms and U-shaped in large firms.Research limitations/implicationsFuture studies based on unlisted Chinese firms or other measurement of internationalization may provide further understanding of the internationalization–performance relationship.Practical implicationsPolicymakers should help small firms prepare a long-term internationalization strategy, giving more support for small firms in the first and third phases of internationalization and helping them to reach the second and fourth phases. Policymakers should also pay more attention to limit the aggressive internationalization behavior of large firms.Originality/valueThis study provides new evidence for the internationalization–performance relationship by using the unique longitude sample from China and the unique measurement of internationalization. We also highlight the importance of firm characteristics in the examination of internationalization–performance relationship, which provides a potential explanation for previous mixed evidence.
How do innovators stay innovative? A longitudinal case analysis
Authors: Tuzovic Sven , Wirtz Jochen , Heracleous Loizos 
Published: January 2018

PurposeHow can some companies be the innovation leader in their industry over prolonged periods of time, whereas others cannot? The purpose of this study is to understand a firm’s capability to be a successful serial innovator and to generate a constant stream of industry-leading innovations.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses a longitudinal case study approach to gain an understanding of what and how Singapore Airlines sustained service innovation for over 30 years. The study uses triangulation, whereby the core data from in-depth interviews with senior and middle management and frontline employees were complemented with academic research, case studies, annual reports, observations and archival documents. In total, 240 single-spaced pages of interview transcripts with over 130,000 words were analyzed and coded using MAXQDA for identifying repeated patterns of meaning.FindingsThe authors identified three key institutional foundations for service innovation: innovation climate (i.e. leadership and service culture), human capital (i.e. recruitment, training and development and engagement and incentives) and resource configurations (i.e. systems, structure and processes). These foundations enabled the organization to build the following four service innovation-related dynamic capabilities: embrace ambidexterity, institutionalize learning and knowledge integration, orchestrate collaboration and reinvent customer value. Interestingly, these institutional foundations and capabilities remained largely stable across 30 years; what changed were the contexts and specifics, not the foundations and capabilities.Research limitations/implicationsData were collected only from one company. Because of the method of thematic analysis, the generalizability of the findings needs further investigation.Originality/valueThis study is the first to investigate the drivers of industry-leading sustained service innovation over a prolonged period of time. The proposed framework provides a fuller and more integrated picture of sustained service innovation than past cross-sectional studies.
Prospective sensemaking of a national quality register in health care and elderly care
Authors: Nordin Annika Maria Margareta , Andersson Gäre Boel , Andersson Ann-Christine 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine how external change agents (ECAs) engaged to disseminate a national quality register (NQR) called Senior alert nationwide in the Swedish health care and elderly care sectors interpret their work. To study this, sensemaking theories are used.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a qualitative inductive interview study including eight ECAs. To analyze the data, a thematic analysis is carried out.

Findings
Well-disseminated NQRs support health care organizations’ possibility to work with quality improvement and to improve care for patient groups. NQRs function as artifacts that can influence how health care professionals make sense of their work. In this paper, a typology depicting how the ECAs make sense of their dissemination work has been developed. The ECAs are engaged in prospective sensemaking. They describe their work as being about creating future good results, both for patients and affiliated organizations, and they can balance different quality aspects.

Originality/value
The number of NQRs increased markedly in Sweden and elsewhere, but there are few reports on how health care professionals working with the registers interpret their work. The use of ECAs to disseminate NQRs is a novel approach. This paper describes how the ECAs are engaged in prospective sensemaking – an under-researched perspective of the sensemaking theory.
Synthesis and properties of a new halogen-free flame retardant for polyethylene
Authors: Long Jiapeng , Li Sanxi , Liang Bing 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to study a new halogen-free flame retardant that was prepared and characterised.

Design/methodology/approach
The phenyl phosphinic arid di-4-[1-(4-pheny phodphonic acid monophenyl ester-yl)-methyl-ethyl] phenyester dimelaminium (PDEPDM) was synthesised using phenylphosphonic dichloride, melamine, bisphenol A, triethylamine and dichloromethane via solvent-based reaction, that was added into the polyethylene to test flame performance. The chemical structures of PDEPDM were characterised by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The thermal stability, mechanical and flame properties, and morphology for the char layer of composite materials were separately investigated using thermogravimetric analysis, tensile and charpy impact tests, limiting oxygen index (LOI) and UL-94 HB flammability standard and scanning electron microscope.

Findings
The results showed that the PDEPDM had been prepared successfully. When the intumescent fame retardant was added into the PE, the LOI of composite material was improved.

Research limitations/implications
The PDEPDM can be prepared successfully and can improve the flame resistance of composite material.

Practical implications
The PDEPDM has excellent flame-retardant properties and produce no toxic fumes when burnt in case of fire.

Originality/value
Under the optimal conditions, when the 32 per cent (Wt.%) PDEPDM was added into the PE, the LOI was 29.8, tensile strength and impact strength were 10.06 MPa and 16.77 kJ/m2.
A Nationwide Analysis of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Reservoir Performance in Meeting Operational Targets
Authors: Patterson Lauren A. , Doyle Martin W. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe United States (U.S.) Army Corps of Engineers operates reservoirs across the U.S. with 89% of reservoirs constructed prior to 1980. Many reservoirs have experienced changes in environmental conditions (e.g., climate and sediment yield) and societal conditions (e.g., water/energy demand and ecological flows) since construction. These changes may challenge the potential for reservoirs to meet their operational targets (OTs) (management goals). Historic daily reservoir data and OTs were collected for 233 reservoirs. Analyses were developed to identify when and where reservoirs may be systematically departing from OTs in terms of the frequency and magnitude of departure. Fifty‐six percent of reservoirs consistently met operating targets, 30% were borderline, and 13% experienced frequent and large magnitude departures. Fifty‐two percent of reservoirs with large departures were due to shortages and were located in the South Pacific and Southwestern divisions. This work provides a framework to identify reservoir performance in relation to management goals, a necessary step for moving toward adaptive management under changing conditions. All individual reservoir analyses are provided via an interactive data visualization tool: https://nicholasinstitute.duke.edu/reservoir-data.
Scapular Fractures in the Pan‐scan Era
Authors: Brown Cortlyn , Elmobdy Karim , Raja Ali S , Rodriguez Robert M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundScapular fractures have been traditionally taught to be associated with significant injuries and major morbidity. As we demonstrated with sternal fracture, pulmonary contusion, and rib fracture, increased chest computed tomography (CT) utilization and head‐to‐pelvis CT (pan‐scan) protocols in blunt trauma evaluation, however, may diagnose minor, clinically irrelevant scapular fractures, possibly rendering previous teachings obsolete.ObjectivesThe objectives were to determine the 1) percentages of scapular fractures seen on chest CT only (SOCTO) versus seen on both chest x‐ray (CXR) and CT and of isolated scapular fracture (scapular fracture without other thoracic injuries); 2) frequencies of associated thoracic injury with scapular fracture; and 3) proportion of patients admitted, mortality, hospital length of stay, and injury severity scores (ISS), comparing four patient groups: scapular fracture, nonscapular fracture, scapular fracture SOCTO, and isolated scapular fracture.MethodsWe conducted a preplanned analysis of patients prospectively enrolled in the NEXUS Chest CT study at nine Level I trauma centers with the following inclusion criteria: age > 14 years, blunt trauma within 6 hours of ED presentation, and receiving chest imaging during ED trauma evaluation.ResultsOf 11,477 subjects, 4,501 (39.2%) patients who had both CXR and chest CT and 2.7% of these had scapular fractures; 60.3% of these were SOCTO and 23 (19.0%) were isolated scapular fracture. The most commonly associated thoracic injuries were rib fracture, pulmonary contusion, pneumothorax, and thoracic spine fracture and all injuries were more common in scapular fracture patients than nonscapular fracture patients. Although scapular fracture patients had higher admission rates (86.8% vs. 47.4%; difference in proportions = 39.4% [95% confidence interval {CI} = 32.8% to 44.1%]), ISS (21 vs. 5), and length of stay (9.2 days vs. 5.6 days; mean difference = 3.4 days [95% CI = 2.1 to 4.7 days]) than patients without scapular fracture, their hospital mortality was not significantly different (5.6% vs. 3.0%; difference in proportions = 2.6% [95% CI = –8.2% to 0.3%]; unadjusted odds ratio = 1.9 [95% CI = 0.9 to 4.2]). Patients with scapular fracture SOCTO and isolated scapular fracture had higher admission rates and median ISS than nonscapular fracture patients, but their mortality was similar.ConclusionsUnder current blunt trauma imaging protocols that commonly include chest CT, most scapular fractures are SOCTO and most are associated with other thoracic injuries. Although patients with scapular fracture SOCTO and isolated scapular fracture have higher admission rates and ISS than nonscapular fracture patients, their hospital mortality is similar.
Lolium perenne peptide immunotherapy is well tolerated and elicits a protective B‐cell response in seasonal allergic rhinitis patients
Authors: Mösges R. , Koch A. F. , Raskopf E. , Singh J. , Shah‐Hosseini K. , Astvatsatourov A. , Hauswald B. , Yarin Y. , Corazza F. , Haazen L. , Pirotton S. , Allekotte S. , Zadoyan G. , Legon T. , Durham S. R. , Shamji M. H. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundSystemic allergic reactions are a risk for allergen immunotherapy that utilizes intact allergen preparations. We evaluated the safety, efficacy and immune mechanisms of short‐course treatment with adjuvant‐free Lolium perenne peptides (LPP) following a 6‐week dose‐escalation protocol.MethodsIn a prospective, dose‐escalation study, 61 grass pollen–allergic patients received 2 subcutaneous injections of LPP once weekly for 6 weeks. Safety was assessed evaluating local reactions, systemic reactions and adverse events. The clinical effect of LPP was determined by reactivity to the conjunctival provocation test (CPT). Specific IgE, IgG4 and blocking antibodies were measured at baseline (V1), during (V6) and after treatment (V8).ResultsNo fatality, serious adverse event or epinephrine use was reported. Mean wheal diameters after injections were <0.6 cm and mean redness diameters <2.5 cm, independent of dose. Transient and mostly mild adverse events were reported in 33 patients. Two patients experienced a grade I and 4 patients a grade II reaction (AWMF classification). At V8, 69.8% of patients became nonreactive to CPT. sIgG4 levels were higher at V6 (8.1‐fold, P < .001) and V8 (12.2‐fold, P < .001) than at V1. The sIgE:sIgG4 ratio decreased at V6 (−54.6%, P < .001) and V8 (−71.6%, P < .001) compared to V1. The absolute decrease in IgE‐facilitated allergen binding was 18% (P < .001) at V6 and 25% (P < .001) at V8.ConclusionIncreasing doses of subcutaneous LPP appeared safe, substantially diminished reactivity to CPT and induced blocking antibodies as early as 4 weeks after treatment initiation. The benefit/risk balance of LPP immunotherapy remains to be further evaluated in large studies.
Role of bisphenol A as environmental factor in the promotion of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: in vitro and clinical study
Authors: Dallio M. , Masarone M. , Errico S. , Gravina A. G. , Nicolucci C. , Di Sarno R. , Gionti L. , Tuccillo C. , Persico M. , Stiuso P. , Diano N. , Loguercio C. , Federico A. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryBackgroundBisphenol A is an endocrine disrupting chemical associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease and liver enzyme abnormalities.AimTo evaluate bisphenol A plasma and urine levels in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients compared to healthy subjects. Furthermore, we evaluated, in human HepG2 cells, the effects of exposure to different concentrations of bisphenol A on both oxidative stress induction and cell proliferation.MethodsWe enrolled 60 patients with histological diagnosis of NAFLD with or without T2DM and sixty healthy subjects. In vitro, the proliferation of bisphenol A‐exposed HepG2 cells at two different concentrations (0.025 and 0.05 μM) was evaluated, both at high (H‐HepG2) and at low (L‐HepG2) glucose concentrations for 48 h. Lipoperoxidation was assessed by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay.ResultsBisphenol A levels were significantly higher in 60 NAFLD subjects, both in urine and in plasma (P < 0.0001) when compared to controls and, in this group, it appeared to be higher in 30 non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis patients compared to 30 simple steatosis subjects (P < 0.05), independently from the presence of T2DM. After a bisphenol A‐free diet for 1 month, NAFLD patients showed a significant reduction in bisphenol A circulating levels (P < 0.05), without a significant reduction in urine levels. H‐HepG2 cells treated with bisphenol A (0.05 μM) increased proliferation compared to controls at 48 h (P < 0.0001). Bisphenol A increased TBARS levels at 48 h versus controls.ConclusionsOur study reveals a possible role of bisphenol A as an environmental factor involved in the promotion of NAFLD, particularly in T2DM patients.
The State of American Protest: Shared Anger and Populism
Authors: Gaffney Amber M. , Hackett Justin D. , Rast David E. , Hohman Zachary P. , Jaurique Alexandria 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSocial psychological models of group identity and collective action should be particularly adept at providing psychological explanations for growing rates of populism in the Western World. Because populism tends to arise in times of societal shifts that reflect both economic and cultural changes, populist attitudes are likely grounded in perceptions of intergroup relations and collective attitudes. We surveyed 95 demonstrators at the 2016 Republican National Convention and 108 demonstrators at the Democratic National Convention. Results support the idea that relative anger prototypicality, in this case, the extent to which people believe that their own anger toward politicians is representative of most Americans’ anger, predicts feelings of group‐based relative deprivation. Importantly, these feelings of deprivation mediate the relationship between prototypical anger and populist attitudes. These findings provide a unique picture of current political engagement, motivated by feelings of shared anger and collective feelings of lacking representation and voice.
Successful resection to treat idiopathic azygos vein aneurysm
Authors: Hatachi Go , Miyazaki Takuro , Obata Tomohiro , Kitamura Yuka , Matsumoto Keitaro , Tsuchiya Tomoshi , Yamasaki Naoya , Kinoshita Naoe , Nagayasu Takeshi 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAzygos vein aneurysm is a rare disease. Surgical resection is usually performed when it ruptures. To avoid the thromboembolism, procedures that do not touch or push the aneurysm are recommended. Herein, we report a case of idiopathic azygos vein aneurysm. A 56‐year‐old woman was admitted to the hospital for right lateral chest pain. Chest enhanced multi‐detector CT revealed an azygos vein aneurysm in the posterior mediastinal space. No thrombus in the aneurysm was detected before surgery. Video‐assisted thoracic surgery was performed to treat the aneurysm. The patient was discharged from the hospital 4 days after surgery. Video‐assisted thoracic surgery was a good option to treat an azygos vein aneurysm, and an enhanced multi‐detector CT was useful for performing surgery safely.
Doing better (or worse) than one's parents: Social status, mobility, and performance‐avoidance goals
Authors: Jury Mickaël , Bruno Alisée , Darnon Céline 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundPrevious research has shown that, when succeeding in higher education, first‐generation (FG) students endorse more performance‐avoidance goals (i.e., the fear of performing poorly) than continuing‐generation (CG) students.AimsIn this study, individual mobility is examined as a predictor of performance‐avoidance goal endorsement. It is argued that FG students endorse more these goals than CG students because in higher education, the former (but not the latter) experience upward mobility. In addition, CG can also be at risk of endorsing these goals when they are confronted with downward mobility.Sample(s)Two studies were conducted with psychology students (N = 143 in Study 1; N = 176 in Study 2).MethodsIn Study 1, FG and CG students’ perceived upward mobility was measured. In Study 2, FG and CG students were provided with a feedback that suggested either upward or downward mobility. In both studies, participants reported their level of performance‐avoidance goal endorsement.ResultsResults from Study 1 supported an indirect effect of status on performance‐avoidance goals via a higher perception of upward mobility. Results from Study 2 supported that psychology students who face mobility (i.e., FG students who received better feedback than their usual level of performance, CG students who received worse feedback than their usual level of performance) increased their performance‐avoidance goals the most.ConclusionsTaken together, the results of these studies support that one's actual social position and, even more, the social position one is about to reach are reliable predictors of performance‐avoidance goals.