bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kualitas Karkas Ayam Kampung yang Diberi Ransum Mengandung Omega-3 Minyak Ikan
Authors: Leke Jein Rinny , Rawung Vony , Laihad Jacqulein , Mandey Jet S. , Tangkau Linda 
Published: March 2017

<p class="Default">The purpose of this study to determine the quality of chicken carcasses were given rations containing omega-3 fish oil. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 5 replications, each replication 4 free-range chickens. If treatment showed significance, then continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The treatment consisted of fish oil that is R0 = 0% (basal feed), R1 = (basal feed 98,5%+1,5% MI), R2 = (basal feed 98%+2% MI), R3 = (basal feed 97,5%+2,5% MI), R4 = (basal feed 97%+3% MI). The variables measured were the weight of the chest (g), the weight of the thigh (g), the weight back (g) and wing weight (g). The results showed that the use of fish oil in the diet provides highly significant effect (P&lt;0,01) in the weight of the chest and thigh weights, but the effect is not significant (P&gt;0,05) to the weights and the weight of the wing backs. The conclusion that the quality of carcass weights comprised chest, thigh weight, the weight of the back and the weight of chicken wings increased the ration of fish oil to the level of 3%.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: carcass, chicken, fish oil.</p>
Suplementasi L-Karnitin dan Asam Lemak PUFA Terproteksi dalam Ransum Limbah Pasar Organik Terfermentasi Pengaruhnya Terhadap Komposisi Kimiawi Air Susu Kambing
Authors: Sudibya Sudibya , Hanifa Aqni , Handayanta Eka , Intansari Ayu , Hadi Rendi Fathoni 
Published: March 2017

<p>The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of transfer protection PUFA and L-carnitin on the ration on chemist composition of dairy milk In total, 15 female dairy goats of 2-4 year this old Peranakan Etawah (PE) with body weight of 25-55 kg were used in this experiment. The assay diets included a basal diet (control) based on yellow corn, rice bran, soy bean meal and coconut meal, mineral, tuna fish oil and lemuru fish oil. The method of the research was experimental in vivo using Completely Randomized Blok Design (RAK). There were 5 treatment in each treatment and 3 replication. Treatment consisted of P0 = control ration, P1 = P0 +50% market waste subtition grass on the ration, P2 = P1+500 ppm L-karnitin on the ration, P3 = P1+protection tuna fish oil 5% in the ration and P4 = P1+ protection lemuru fish oil 5% in the ration. The variables measuared content composition dairy milk goat. The results of variance analysis showed that the effect of suplementation protection PUFA in the rations on market waste contain 500 ppm L-carnitine were significantly (P&lt;0.01) of acid goats milk composition. The conclusion of this research shows that the suplementation protection PUFA in the ration contain 500 ppm L-carnitine, can decrease milk cholesterol from 0,482% to 0,420%, LDL from 45,30 to 33,13 mg/dl. There for to increase HDL from 54,70 to 66,87 mg/dl, omega-3 fatty acid from 1,10% to 4,04%, omega-6 fatty acid from 1,46% to 18,80 percent.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: composition dairy milk goats, L-carnitine, protection PUFA fatty acid</p>
Keberlanjutan Sistem Usahatani Integrasi Tanaman-Ternak Pasca Bencana Alam Gempa Bumi di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Hidayat N. 
Published: March 2017

<p><em>The research was done at the period of August 2001 until September 2002 with location in Jambu, Kepuharjo Village, Cangkringan Sub district, Sleman regency, Daerah Istemewa Yogyakarta province. The purpose of these research to detect the increasing production of Arabica Coffee tree and the economic value from the using faces and urine of dairy cow which have been proceeded being complex organic fertilizer. The research method use “on farm research” with involved farmer groups “Dadi Makmur” that has obtained arabica coffee tree since 1994 and care dairy cow with the property between 3-7 dairy cow/person. In those location has been occur the good integration between the arabica coffee trees with dairy cow livestock. In arabica coffe farm, the farmer use stale waste which in the form of faces and urine that has proceeded being organic fertilizer to fertilize their plantation in order to the producing coffee is called organic coffee. In this research is put complex organic fertilizer to arabica coffee tree in dosages 5kg/tree, 10 kg/tree and as a control is not put fertilizer. The research result indicate that the using fertilizer for 10 kg/tree has very real influence to the amount of unproduce coffee production with increasing product are 46,56 % and give the economic value that is relative bigger when compared with using fertilize 5kg/tree and without fertilize giving (control). </em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Key</em></strong><strong><em> word</em></strong><strong><em>s : </em></strong><em>Economic </em><em>value, </em><em>integration of </em><em>coffee </em><em>tree-</em><em>dairy </em><em>cow, organic </em><em>fertilizer</em></p>
The Prevalence of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study in a U.S. Metropolitan Cohort
Authors: An Tonya W. , Evanoff Bradley A. , Boyer Martin I. , Osei Daniel A. 
Published: March 2017

Background:
Although cubital tunnel syndrome is the second most common peripheral mononeuropathy (after carpal tunnel syndrome) encountered in clinical practice, its prevalence in the population is unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of cubital tunnel syndrome in the general population.

Methods:
We surveyed a cohort of adult residents of the St. Louis metropolitan area to assess for the severity and localization of hand symptoms using the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire Symptom Severity Scale (BCTQ-SSS) and the Katz hand diagram. We identified subjects who met our case definitions for cubital tunnel syndrome and carpal tunnel syndrome: self-reported hand symptoms associated with a BCTQ-SSS score of >2 and localization of symptoms to the ulnar nerve or median nerve distributions.

Results:
Of 1,001 individuals who participated in the cross-sectional survey, 75% were women and 79% of the cohort was white; the mean age (and standard deviation) was 46 ± 15.7 years. Using a more sensitive case definition (lax criteria), we identified 59 subjects (5.9%) with cubital tunnel syndrome and 68 subjects (6.8%) with carpal tunnel syndrome. Using a more specific case definition (strict criteria), we identified 18 subjects (1.8%) with cubital tunnel syndrome and 27 subjects (2.7%) with carpal tunnel syndrome.

Conclusions:
The prevalence of cubital tunnel syndrome in the general population may be higher than that reported previously. When compared with previous estimates of disease burden, the active surveillance technique used in this study may account for the higher reported prevalence. This finding suggests that a proportion of symptomatic subjects may not self-identify and may not seek medical treatment.

Clinical Relevance:
This baseline estimate of prevalence for cubital tunnel syndrome provides a valuable reference for future diagnostic and prognostic study research and for the development of clinical practice guidelines.
Relationship Between Patient-Reported Assessment of Shoulder Function and Objective Range-of-Motion Measurements
Authors: Matsen Frederick A. , Tang Anna , Russ Stacy M. , Hsu Jason E. 
Published: March 2017

Background:
Assessment of function is the cornerstone of clinical shoulder research. This purpose of this study was to answer 3 relevant questions: How does subjective patient assessment of shoulder function correlate with objectively measured active shoulder range of motion? What is the difference in active motion between shoulders that can and those that cannot be used to perform each of the functions of the Simple Shoulder Test (SST)? Does the relationship between subjective and objective assessment of shoulder function differ between male and female patients?

Methods:
We analyzed the relationship between objective range-of-motion measurements recorded by the observer-independent Kinect motion capture system and SST patient self-assessments of shoulder function of 74 male and 30 female patients with osteoarthritis.

Results:
There was poor correlation between objective measurements of active abduction and total SST scores of osteoarthritic shoulders of patients seen before shoulder surgery: the coefficients of determination (R2) were 0.29 for the osteoarthritic shoulders of women and 0.25 for those of men. The relationships between active abduction and total SST score were closer for the contralateral shoulders (R2 = 0.54 for women and R2 = 0.46 for men). The difference in active abduction between the osteoarthritic shoulders that allowed and those that did not allow the patient to perform the individual SST functions was significant (p < 0.05) for only 4 of the 12 functions in the female group and 5 of 12 in the male group because of the highly variable relationship between self-assessed function and active abduction. In contrast, when the contralateral shoulders were assessed, this difference was found to be significant for 10 of the 12 functions in the female group and all 12 of the functions in the male group. The relationship between objective motion and subjective function did not differ significantly between male and female subjects.

Conclusions:
The self-assessed function of osteoarthritic shoulders of women and men is only partially determined by the active range of abduction. Both subjective and objective measurements are important in characterizing the clinical status of shoulders. Studies of treatment outcomes should include separate assessments of these 2 complementary aspects of shoulder function.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in Long‐Term Manure Management System
Authors: Mikha Maysoon M. , Hergert Gary W. , Benjamin Joseph G. , Jabro Jalal D. , Nielsen Rex A. 
Published: March 2017

Core Ideas
As inorganic fertilizer rates increased in inorganic fertilizer + manure combination, POM amount increased.
Mineral‐associated organic matter C represented 80% of SOC content.
Positive and significant correlations were found among SOC, POM‐C, and MAOM‐C
Manure amendments enhanced SOC and its distribution.
Long‐term studies are extremely beneficial to our understanding and evaluation of changes in soil quality and sustainability of specific management practices. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of 70 yr of intensive traditional tillage. Effect of moldboard plowing with manure (M) and inorganic fertilizer (F) additions on soil organic carbon (SOC), soil total nitrogen (STN), particulate organic matter (POM) and its associated carbon (POM‐C), and mineral‐associated organic matter carbon (MAOM‐C) were quantified. The Knorr–Holden study was initiated in 1912 on a Tripp sandy loam (coarse‐silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Haplustolls) with furrow irrigated, continuous corn (Zea mays L.) production. Soil samples were collected in 2011 from the 0‐ to 5‐, 5‐ to 10‐, 10‐ to 15‐, 15‐to 30‐, 30‐ to 60‐, and 60‐ to 90‐cm depths. On fixed‐depth basis, SOC and STN in the 0‐ to 30‐cm layer increased by 2.3‐fold compared with the 30‐ to 60‐cm layer and by 3‐fold compared with the 60‐ to 90 cm layer. Similar differences in SOC and STN were observed when calculated on an equivalent soil mass (ESM) basis. The application of inorganic fertilizer plus manure (F+M) increased POM content in the 0‐ to 30‐cm depth by 27 and 34% with 90+M and 180+M, respectively compared with F alone at 90 and 180 kg N ha‐1. In the 0‐ to 15‐cm soil depth, the relative POM‐C to SOC content was 30% greater than in the 15‐ to 30‐cm soil depth. In the 15‐ to 30‐cm depth, the MAOM‐C was 7% higher than the surface 0 to 15 cm. The MAOM‐C represented 69% of SOC content associated with different treatments. Positive and significant correlations were found among SOC, POM‐C, and MAOM‐C. Our results indicate that measuring SOC distribution among different fractions, POM‐C and MAOM‐C, is important to improve our knowledge of SOC distribution as influenced by type of fertilization used at different depths. Overall, long‐term manure amendment should be combined with F to enhance SOC and STN content in a system using intensive tillage and furrow irrigation.
Long‐Term Conventional and No‐Tillage Effects on Field Hydrology and Yields of a Dryland Crop Rotation
Authors: Baumhardt R.L. , Schwartz R.C. , Jones (retired) O.R. , Scanlon B.R. , Reedy R.C. , Marek G.W 
Published: March 2017

Core Ideas
No‐till residue management during fallow consistently increased storage of precipitation as available soil water.
The annualized storm water runoff during our 30‐yr experimental record was greater for no‐till residue management than for stubble‐mulch tillage.
Sustainable semiarid dryland cropping systems are critically dependent on evaporation control to provide water for crop production that is increased through no‐till residue management.
Semiarid dryland crop yields with no‐till (NT) residue management are often greater than stubble‐mulch tillage (SM) because of improved soil conditions and water conservation, but information on long‐term tillage effects on field hydrology and sustained crop production are needed. Our objective was to quantify the effects of NT and SM on stored soil water, runoff, and deep drainage through a clay loam soil in relation to crop growth and yield. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] were grown in paired tillage treatments using a 3‐yr wheat–sorghum–fallow (WSF) rotation from 1983 to 2013. We measured crop growth and yield factors, precipitation, runoff, and Cl concentration in variable increments to a 14.0‐m depth. Cumulative runoff during the fallow periods after wheat and sorghum averaged 57 mm for NT compared with 33 mm under SM. Annual deep drainage averaged ∼ 2 mm for SM and 14 mm for NT dryland crop production based on Cl displacement compared with no drainage below the root zone of adjacent native rangeland. Despite greater runoff and drainage, plant available soil water for the 1.8‐m profile at wheat and sorghum planting averaged 194 mm for NT compared with 166 mm for SM because of reduced evaporation. Although wheat growth and grain yield did not vary with tillage, sorghum grain yield was 17% greater under NT, averaging 3420 versus 2920 kg ha–1 under SM. We attributed the greater sorghum yield with NT to increased crop water use.
Formulation and evaluation of sustained release saxagliptin microspheres by ionotropic gelation method
Authors: Thadanki* Madhuri Latha 
Published: March 2017

The objective of the current investigation is to reduce dosing frequency and improve patient compliance by designing and systematically evaluating sustained release microspheres of an antidiabetic agent, saxagliptin. Saxagliptin microspheres were formulated using sodium alginate as the controlled release polymer by ionotropic gelation technique. The polymer sodium alginate alone and along with different coating polymers like pectin, ethyl cellulose was used in different ratios (1:1,1:1.5, 1:2 ) to formulate batches F1 to F9. The resulting microspheres were evaluated for particle size, densities, flow properties, morphology, recovery yield, drug content, drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release behavior. The formulated microspheres were discrete, spherical with relatively smooth surface, and with good flow properties. The drug entrapment efficiency obtained in the range 70.4% to 95.2%.Among different formulations, the fabricated microspheres of batch F3 had shown the optimum percent drug encapsulation of microspheres and the sustained release of the saxagliptin for about 9 h. In vitro study showed that drug release slowly increases as the pH of the medium is increased. Release pattern of saxagliptin from microspheres of batch F3 followed Higuchi model and zero-order release kinetic model. The value of ‘n’ was found to be 0.867. The data obtained thus suggest that a microparticulate system can be successfully designed for sustained delivery of saxagliptin and to improve dosage form characteristics for easy formulation.
PENGARUH KADAR KARBON PADA PROSES GASIFIKASI
Authors: Riza Abrar , Bindar Yazid , Susanto Herri , Sasongko Dwiwahdju 
Published: March 2017

Investigasi proses gasifikasi dilakukan dengan pemodelan termodinamik. Kuantifikasi unjuk kerja proses gasifikasi dinyatakan dengan kadar H2 dan kadar CO dalam gas produser, temperatur dan efisiensi termal. Investigasi pengaruh kadar karbon terhadap unjuk kerja proses gasifikasi dilakukan dengan simulasi menggunakan batubara: lignit, bituminus dan antrasit. Ketiga jenis batubara diharapkan mewakili tingkatan kadar karbon. Kajian termodinamika digunakan sebagai piranti prediksi kinerja gasifikasi dan dapat melihat efek berbagai faktor secara cepat. Penyimpangan kinerja gasifier aktual terhadap hasil prediksi termodinamika sering ditemui dan biasanya dianggap sebagai akibat faktor-faktor teknis yang berhubungan dengan laju proses, misalnya pengontakan partikel dengan medium gasifikasi. Pada makalah ini, kajian termodinamika disempurnakan dengan melibatkan pemodelan dekomposisi batubara yang sangat tergantung pada jenis batubara dalam hal ini mewakili kadar karbon. Harapannya, pengabungan model dekomposisi batubara yang diusulkan dalam penelitian ini dan model kesetimbangan reaksi konvensional menghasilkan kajian termodinamika yang lebih rasional. Hasil dari kajian termodinamika digunakan sebagai piranti prediksi kinerja gasifikasi dengan mempertimbangkan kadar karbon batubara. Fraksi mol gas hidrogen maksimum yang dihasilkan lignit lebih tinggi daripada antrasit dan bituminus, berturut-turut 0,43 dan 0,25. Fraksi mol maksimum gas hidrogen dari lignit berada pada laju udara/batubara sekitar 1,2 kg/kg sedangkan antrasit dan bituminus berada pada sekitar 3 kg/kg. Temperatur proses gasifikasi, seperti diduga sangat dipengaruhi oleh jenis batubara. Sesuai dengan kadar H2, temperatur gasifikasi sebaiknya dijaga sekitar 1000 oC (Ru = 2,4 dan 4 berturut-turut untuk batubara lignit, antrasit dan bituminus). Keuntungan pada temperatur sekitar 1000 oC, tar secara praktis sudah terdekomposisi lebih lanjut, sehingga gas produser hanya sedikit mengandung tar.
Infrastructure Asset Reporting and Pricing Uncertainty in the Municipal Bond Market
Authors: Bloch Rebecca I. , Marlowe Justin , Mead Dean Michael 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
We examine the infrastructure provision of the GASB's Statement No. 34 to determine whether there is unique information content in the modified approach versus traditional depreciation, both allowable under this provision. Using a dataset containing investor bid spreads on secondary market bond auctions from states using the modified approach as well as those from states using traditional depreciation, we find bonds from modified approach states have significantly narrower bid spreads than bonds from traditional depreciation states, indicating the modified approach provides unique information about governments' financial condition. Findings suggest the modified approach reduces uncertainty about infrastructure condition, improving market efficiency.
Strengthening of Nurul Ilmi Mosque with Concrete Jacketing
Authors: Fauzan Fauzan , Anas Ismail Febrin , Apriwelni Siska , Faradiza Imelia , Al Jauhari Zev 
Published: March 2017

Abstract—Nurul Ilmi moesque is one of building for worship located in University of Andalas. In 2008 the new building of mosques was designed using previous indonesian seismic code, SNI 1726: 2002. The right side of the new mosque was constructied in 2009. Due to the limitation of the budget, the construction of the left side of the mosque was continued on 2014. However, a new indonesian seismic code SNI 03-1726-2012 was established and the designed mosque should be revised based on the new indonesian seismic code. Since the right side of the mosque was designed by using the old seismic code (SNI 1726: 2002), so it is necessary to evaluate the strength of the structure by using the seismic code (SNI 03-1726-2012). Based on the analysis results, it was found that the right side of the building structure is not strong enough to resist the combination loads acting on the structure, especially the earthquake load. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthening (retrofitting) the right side of the building structure before connecting with the left side of the building. In this study, the concrete jacketing method was used to the retrofit the column structure. The results show that the jacketing method is effective to increase the capacity of the column and reduce internal forces and displacements that occur in the structure of the mosque, so the structure can resist the working loadsKeywords—column, concrete jacketing, earthquake, displacement, strengthening.
Courageous women in media: Marcos and censorship in the Philippines
Authors: Forbes Amy 
Published: March 2017

When Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos declared Martial Law in 1972, press freedom became the first casualty in the country that once boasted of being the ‘freest in Asia’. Printing presses, newspaper offices, television and radio stations were raided and padlocked. Marcos was especially fearful of the press and ordered the arrest of journalists whom he charged with conspiring with the ‘Left’. Pressured into lifting martial law after nearly 10 years, Marcos continued to censor the media, often demanding publishers to sack journalists whose writing he disapproved of. Ironically, he used the same ‘subversive writings’ as proof to Western observers that freedom of the press was alive and well under his dictatorship. This article looks at the writings of three female journalists from the Bulletin Today. The author examines the work of Arlene Babst, Ninez Cacho-Olivares, and Melinda de Jesus and how they traversed the dictator’s fickle, sometimes volatile, reception of their writing. Interviewed is Ninez Cacho-Olivare, who used humour and fairy tales in her popular column to criticise Marcos, his wife, Imelda, and even the military that would occasionally ‘invite’ her for questioning. She explains an unwritten code of conduct between Marcos and female journalists that served to shield them from total political repression.
Detention attention: Framing a Manus Island riot
Authors: Ellis Katherine , Fulton Janet , Scott Paul 
Published: March 2017

This article reports on a research project that investigated the framing of asylum seekers in the Australian news publicationsThe Australian and The Guardian Australia Edition, during their coverage of a riot that occurred in an asylum seeker processing centre on Manus Island, Papua New Guinea, in February 2014. Analysis found themes of asylum seekers represented as threats to national identity, State sovereignty, and as victims. The research discusses the potential impacts framing may have on the way asylum seekers are perceived by readers of these publications. Its findings showed that the process of framing in news reports can both privilege and exclude aspects of an event being reported.
Editorial: Ruthless tidal wave
Authors: Robie David 
Published: March 2017

THIS edition of Pacific Journalism Review began with a theme around ‘Endangered Journalists’. However, by the time it was into full editorial production it was clear that this was also about the global silence and injustice imposed on West Papua and the ‘endangered’ indigenous people in this mountainous land on the cusp of Asia and the Pacific. While the edition layout was being prepared, remarkable events were happening in West Papua and elsewhere in Indonesia this year around the historically significant anniversary date of 1 May 2016 – fifty-three years after a United Nations Temporary Executive Authority (UNTEA) handed power over the former Dutch colony in West New Guinea to Jakarta with a mandate to rule until such time as the Papuan people decided on their future in a free vote.