bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does listening to Mozart's music influence visuospatial short-term memory in young adults?
Authors: Giannoul V. , Popa S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionMusic is claimed to improve mental function and many researchers claim that this effect related to Mozart's music is limited to enhancement of the spatial temporal reasoning and not to other cognitive functions.ObjectivesTo explore the influence of Mozart's music on visuospatial memory.MethodsSixty adults (37 women and 23 men), with Mage = 21.83, SDage = 2.38, Meducation = 14.03, SDeducation = .99, and without any formal musical education were examined through an experimental process. Participants in groups of ten listened to Mozart's sonata for two pianos in D major, K.448, to Mozart's violin concerto No.3 in G major, K.216, and to a no sounds condition in varying order. The participants after listening to each 10-minute condition were presented with a series of randomly generated patterns made up of black squares on a chess-like surface. This was used in order to test the storage capacity of their visuospatial memory. After 3 seconds of presentation for each drawing, they were asked to reproduce by drawing these patterns that progressively got bigger.ResultsResults revealed for all three conditions that the number of correct grid drawings made by the participants was not significantly statistically different (P > 05), and therefore their visuospatial memory retention was not influenced by any kind of music.ConclusionsFuture research could examine in more detail the retention and manipulation of visuospatial information not only in tasks similar to the visual patterns test, but also in different tests used for clinical and non-clinical populations.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Anxiety and depression in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disorder
Authors: Haji seyed javadi S.A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionEvidence shows an influence relationship between described symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD) and emotional state.Objectives/aimsThe current study aimed to evaluate the relationship between anxiety and depression with GERD in the patients referred to the endoscopy unit of Bouali-Sina hospital of Qazvin.MethodsTwo hundred individuals (100 patients with GERD and 100 healthy individuals as control group) were enrolled into the current study. All subjects completed the hospital anxiety and depression questionnaire. GERD was diagnosed based on Los Angeles classification system. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics in addition to clinical history of subjects were collected and analyzed using proper statistical methods.ResultsAmong the recruited patients, 50 subjects had erosive esophagitis (ERD) and 50 had non-erosive esophagitis (NERD). The anxiety score was significantly higher in the NERD group than ERD and control groups (P < 0.001; P = 0.017). In addition, the anxiety score was significantly higher in the ERD group than the control group (P = 0.014). The score of depression was higher in NERD group than ERD and the control groups, but not significant regarding the ERD group (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference among the groups regarding age, gender and body mass index (BMI). The number of smokers was significantly higher in the ERD group than the ERD and control groups (X2 = 39.59, DF = 6, P < 0.001).ConclusionThe current study showed that mental factors (anxiety and depression) play important roles in the development of GERD, especially NERD; therefore, it is recommended to consider these factors to select suitable treatment plan.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Pharmacological Management of Impulsivity and Compulsivity
Authors: Dom G. 
Published: June 2017

Increasingly patients present themselves to psychiatrists and other care providers with a specific request for treatment of one or more behavioral addictions. From a pathogenic point of view impulsivity and compulsivity are important drivers of these behavioral disorders, and as such may represent a target of pharmacological and broader neurobiological, e.g. Neuro-stimulation, treatment. Although currently treatment as usual has a focus on psychosocial and cognitive behavioral interventions, interest is growing toward the pharmacological interventions. In the presentation a state of the art will be presented regarding the pharmacological treatment of behavioral addictions, with a focus on Gambling Disorder and Gaming Disorder.Disclosure of interestMember Advisory Board Lundbeck - Belgium.Received funding from Belgian LOTTO for research into Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Gambling Disorder.
Neuropersonaltrainer-mh: A New Computerized Platform for the Cognitive Remediation in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders
Authors: Cardoner N. , Cebria A. , Lopez-Sola C. , Serra-Blasco M. , Massons C. , Muriel V. , Navarra G. , Via E. , Cobo J. , Golberg X. 
Published: June 2017

Schizophrenia and mood disorders -including unipolar depression and bipolar disorder-, are severe mental diseases with a highly heterogeneous symptomatology, among which cognitive dysfunction has progressively emerged as a key cornerstone. Patients suffering from these illnesses show significant deficits in different neurocognitive and social cognition domains. These deficits are evident during acute episodes, and in a high percentage of patients persist in periods of recovery, playing a decisive role on functional and clinical outcome. Nowadays, different pharmacological therapies have been tested, obtaining non-conclusive results. In this context, non-pharmacological strategies, such as neurocognitive remediation, have emerged as promising therapeutic intervention. Neurocognitive remediation comprises a program to rehabilitate cognitively impaired subjects, aiming either to restore their cognitive functioning or to compensate them in specific cognitive domains. One evolving approach, beginning to receive attention for its initial promising results, is computerized cognitive training. This technique employs tasks or games that exercise a particular brain function which target specific neural networks in order to improve cognitive functioning through neuroplasticity in a given neural circuit. In this scenario, we report our recent results with neuropersonaltrainer®-MH; a module for neurocognitive remediation consisting in a computerized telerehabilitation platform that enables cognitive remediation programs to be carried out in an intensive and personalized manner. Our group has applied NPTMH® in a pilot study treating patients with early onset psychotic disorder with positive and promising results, involving an improvement in functionality, neurocognition, and social cognition performance. Furthermore, new trials in bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder have been recently started.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychiatric treatment-associated stigmatization as viewed through eyes of rural health clinic patients
Authors: Sendler D. , Markiewicz A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionHaving a mental disease is frequently a stigmatizing experience for patients. We know little about urban inhabitants who travel to rural health clinics to receive mental treatment.ObjectivesRecruit and interview urban-based psychiatric patients who, to avoid stigmatization; travel to rural community clinics with the intention of receiving treatment.MethodsStudy included participants (n = 32) who exchanged treatment in government subsidized city clinics for rural community centers. Qualitative interviews lasting thirty minutes were recorded and transcribed for content analysis. MAXQDA, version 12, was used to annotate transcripts with topic specific nodes, followed by cluster theme and trend analysis.ResultsTrend analysis yielded three areas of concern for subsidized urban psychiatry: cost/insurance, lack of staff professionalism, and family-driven ostracism. Seven respondents cited cost as the main factor, influencing the choice of rural-based care over city clinic. Patients with stable income, but without insurance (n = 14), felt unwelcome in city clinics as their ability to pay was frequently questioned by supporting staff. Lack of trained social workers caused additional distress, as participants could not receive access to additional resources. Only four patients said that their psychiatrists acknowledged poor clinic environment and encouraged remaining in treatment. For 18 respondents, family demanded that they receive treatment in rural clinic so that no one finds out about their mental disease.ConclusionIn large urban clinics, stigma in psychiatry comes in many flavors, especially projected by unprofessional clinic staff and ashamed family. Lack of support forces patients to travel to rural premises to receive unbiased, stress-free care.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Effect of original anticonvulsant meta-chloro-benzhydryl-urea on behavioral and immune parameters in mice with active and passive behavior types in experimental alcoholism
Authors: Markova E. , Knyazheva M. , Savkin I. , Shushpanova T. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveViolation of the functional activity of the nervous and immune systems is an essential link in the pathogenesis of chronic alcohol dependence. The search for new psychopharmacological agents whose action is directed to correction of neuroimmune interaction opens new perspectives for the treatment of alcohol dependence.Methods(CBAxC57Bl/6) F1 mice with active and passive behavioral types in a state of chronic alcohol dependence owing to 6 month 10% ethanol exposure were undergoing intragastric administration of original anticonvulsant meta-chloro-benzhydryl-urea. Animal's behavioral and immune parameters, brain cytokines synthesis before and after anticonvulsant receiving were estimated.ResultsIn the formation of experimental alcohol dependence in animals the most pronounced changes in motor and exploratory activities in open field test, brain cytokines synthesis and suppression of immune response were registered in mice with passive type of behavior. Daily consumption of ethanol solution in mice with chronic alcohol dependence decreased sharply starting from 2 days of anticonvulsant administration and led to the cessation of ethanol consumption by the 5 day. After anticonvulsant administration for 10 days behavioral parameters in mice were comparable with those in the control group of healthy animals. It also restored brain cytokines synthesis and significant stimulated humoral immune response, estimated by the relative number of antibody-forming spleen cells.ConclusionBehavior and immune changes following chronic ethanol exposure depended on the behavior status of animals; administration of the original anticonvulsant meta-chloro-benzhydryl-urea may correct both immune and behavior disorders in mice with chronic alcohol dependence, so it has promise in the treatment of alcoholism.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Lymphocytes with Fas-receptors of readiness to apoptosis in non-psychotic mental disorders
Authors: Nikitina V. , Vetlugina T.P. , Lobacheva O.A. , Rudnitsky V.A. , Axenov M.M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionApoptosis is a complex physiological process of the organism which supports cellular homeostasis, provides important aspects of development and functioning of the immune system. In various pathological conditions the process of apoptosis can be impaired that leads to decrease or increase in pro-apoptotic activity.Materials and methodsWe conducted investigation of relative and absolute number of CD3+CD95+–lymphocytes in groups of patients with adjustment disorders (n = 90), PTSD (n = 100), organic emotionally labile (asthenic) disorder (n = 232), organic personality disorder (n = 93). Clinical verification was conducted according to ICD–10. Control group included 190 practically healthy persons. Fas protein (CD95) expression on CD3 lymphocytes surfaces was detected using flow cytometry. Cytometric measurements were conducted on flow cytofluorimeter FacsCalibur (Becton Dickinson, US).ResultsIn the control group relative number of CD95+–lymphocytes was 11.6%, absolute–0.21 × 109/L. In all examined patients as compared with control the reliable increase both in relative and absolute number of lymphocytes of CD3+CD95+–phenotype was identified. So, in persons with adjustment disorder content of this indicator made 17.0% and 0.28 × 109/L (Р = 0.0015), in PTSD–18.0% and 0.33 × 109/L (Р = 0.0007) and in patients with organic asthenic disorder–19.0% and 0.32 × 109/L (Р = 0.0048), respectively. The highest content in blood of CD3+–lymphocytes, expressing on the surface of membrane the basic marker of apoptosis CD95 is observed in patients with organic personality disorder: 26.0% and 0.44 × 109/L (Р = 0.0003).ConclusionIn case of intensification of psychopathological symptoms especially in persons with non-psychotic organic mental disorders a receptor-mediated signaling pathway of apoptosis is activated – process of programmed cell death.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Combination of aripiprazole and olanzapine in first episode psychosis patient with metabolic syndrome: A case report
Authors: Licanin I. , Senad H. 
Published: June 2017

There are numerous factors that predispose patients with schizophrenia to develop metabolic syndrome and become overweight including: physical passivity, unhealthy diet and anti-psyhotic treatment. The prevalence of anti-psychotic-related metabolic disturbances has been reported to vary from 23% to 50% and clozapine and olanzapine had the most pronounced potential to cause metabolic syndrome. We present the case of 32-year-old male who has been diagnosed with first episode schizophrenia spectrum psychosis and has been treated for 3 months in the community mental health center. He was medication–compliant and was prescribed olanazapine 10 mg a day and had initial remission of symptoms. The reason behind referral to our department of psychiatry was development of metabolic syndrome. Immediately upon admission to our department basic panel blood tests (minerals, creatinin, glucose, tryglicerides and cholesterol) as well as complete blood count were done. Patient reported gaining weight of more than 5 kilograms since the initiation of the olanzapine treatment. Results of the performed metabolic tests in addition to abnormal BMI and slightly higher blood pressure have indicated presence of metabolic syndrome. In order to try to reverse metabolic syndrome aripiprazole was commenced adjunctive to olanzapine. During the first week the dosage of aripiprazole was 2.5 mg/day, second week 5 mg/day and then increased to 10 mg a day. Three weeks after adding aripiprazole to olanzapine lab values of holesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose as well as BMI were significantly lowered and symptoms of the metabolic syndrome were mitigated. Treatment was well tolerated.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Rasagiline and venlafaxine: The serotonin syndrome
Authors: Rodriguez Campos A. , Rodríguez Andrés L. , Medina Ojeda G. , Gallardo Borge L. , Rybak Koite E. 
Published: June 2017

Rasagiline is a highly potent irreversible monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B inhibitor, antiparkinsonian drug that may be used with caution in patients treated with antidepressant drugs because of the possible appearance of severe adverse effects. It is presented the case report of a woman treated with rasagiline and venlafaxine that presents confusion and a serotonin syndrome. Pathogenesis, physiopathology and treatment are discussed. Growing evidence suggests that Parkinson disease and depression are linked. Antidepressant drugs and PD treatment should be used with caution because of possible drug interaction.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A case report of an acute confusional state related with perampanel
Authors: Solerdelcoll Arimany M. , Bruguera P. , Guzmán P. , Balcells Oliveiró M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPerampanel (PER) is a new selective, non-competitive AMPA glutamate receptor antagonist. PER is generally well tolerated, with dizziness, somnolence, headache, and fatigue as the most common treatment-emergent adverse events, however neuropsychiatric adverse reactions; particularly irritability and aggressiveness can be expected.ObjectiveWe describe a patient who developed and acute confusional state presumably related to treatment with PER.AimsAt the conclusion, the participants should be able to remember that PER is associated with psychiatric side effects.MethodsCollect the data of the clinical history of the patient, who was admitted in the acute psychiatry ward of our hospital.ResultsA 32-year-old woman diagnosed with pharmacoresistant juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, was referred to the emergency department because of severe behavioral disturbances, insomnia, irritability and aggressivity after increasing the dose of PER from 6 to 12 mg. Physical exploration, drug screen and blood tests were all normal. No abnormalities were found in CT, EEG and MRI, and then she was referred to psychiatric ward. At her admission, she presented fluctuations of her mental state and level of consciousness. She was diagnosed with acute confusional syndrome induced by PER, and consequently PER was stopped and risperidone was initiated. In the 4th week symptomatology remitted.ConclusionAnti-epileptic drug's (AEDs) are associated with psychiatric side effects. Patients with epilepsy have higher risk develop psychiatric symptoms and behavioral disturbances. There is evidence to suggest that AMPA receptors are involved in the pathogenesis of psychiatric conditions. Such mechanisms could be responsible of the psychiatric symptoms observed. Neuropsychological profiles of AEDs are important considerations for treatment selection, particularly in children and adolescents.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Traumatic Brain Injury as Psychosis Development Factor
Authors: Alonso Sánchez A. , Álvarez Astorga A. , Red Gallego H. De la , Calzón M. De Lorenzo , Viloria N. De Uribe , Gómez García M. , Noval Canga C. , Mayor Toranzo E. , Blanco Garrote J.A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe pathophysiology of psychosis is not fully discovered yet. However, during the last years many different risk factors are shown to prove to have a strong influence within the development of this pathology. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of them.ObjectivesShow TBI as a psychosis development risk factor.MethodsCase report. A clinical vignette is presented followed by the results obtained in a bibliographic review.ResultsA young 19-year old immigrant man, who lives with his parents in a social exclusion situation is brought to the hospital after having been observed making estrange religious rituals within a local river. During the anamnese he declares that God is “getting in touch with him” while he shows to be changed, with suspicion about being pursued. He also reveals to have suffered a mild-severe TBI with 8 years, having right ear audition problems since then. During the hospitalization some medical test were done, such as MRI, showing the lack of the inner right ear, as well as white matter abnormalities in his right hemisphere, which could be consequence of the TBI. Those findings make us think that this pathology might have been influenced, within other factors, by the traumatic brain injury.ConclusionsThis bibliographic review shows that traumatic brain injury may increase the risk of developing psychosis up to 65% from healthy controls, with a medium gap of 3.3 years between the TBI and the appearance of psychotic pathology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Peripheric Metabolic Abnormalities in Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Amorim M. , Moreira A. , Marques A. , Summavielle T. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSchizophrenia (SCZ) is frequently associated with metabolic symptoms including dyslipidaemia, hyperinsulinemia, type 2 diabetes and obesity. In fact, SCZ patients have been reported to present higher prevalence of these conditions than general population, commonly associated to second generation antipsychotic therapy. Recent studies, however, have demonstrated that peripheral metabolic disturbances can appear at disease onset or drug-naïve patients.Objectives/aimsTo assess metabolic disturbances in first episode and/or drug-naïve SCZ patients.MethodsWe conducted a literature review through Pubmed search for MeSH: schizophrenia, metabolism, glucose, insulin. Controlled studies on first episode and/or drug-naïve SCZ patients were included.ResultsSeveral studies showed no change in SCZ patients’ fasting blood glucose, while others found increased glucose levels and impaired glucose tolerance in SCZ patients compared to healthy controls in several recent studies. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance have also been identified in antipsychotic-naïve SCZ patients and it has been suggested that early onset patients are more likely to present insulin resistance. In addition, there's evidence of increased circulating levels of chromogranin A, pancreatic polypeptide, prolactin, cortisol, progesterone, thus emphasising that multiple components of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-gonadal axis may be affected in SCZ. These elevations were associated to normal glycaemia suggesting there may be insulin intolerance during early stages of SCZ, requiring an increased secretion from pancreatic Bcells to maintain normal glucose levels.ConclusionsRecent studies of first onset and/or drug-free schizophrenia patients have shown impaired fasting glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinemia and insulin intolerance, suggesting that metabolic abnormalities may play a role in SCZ onset and pathophysiology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Validation of the delusional ideation inventory for the Portuguese population
Authors: Pimentel S. , Cunha M. , Galhardo A. , Couto M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe dimensional approaches regard delusions as a continuum of the daily beliefs, not being limited to the clinical population and it can also be found in the general population. Due to the multifaceted conceptualization of delusions, the analysis of the dimensions of distress, preoccupation and conviction may be more revealing than the content of the belief itself, whereby an evaluation that incorporates these dimensions is fundamental.ObjectiveTranslation, adaptation and study of the psychometric properties of the Peters et al. delusions inventory (PDI-21) for the Portuguese population.AimAssessing the multidimensionality of the delusional ideation in the community.MethodsThe sample consists of 249 adults from the general population, aged between 18 to 65. The brief symptom inventory, the social desirability scale of the eysenck personality questionnaire and the World Health Organization quality of life–bref were used in this study beyond the PDI-21.ResultsThe Portuguese version of the PDI-21 has shown good psychometric properties regarding its internal consistency and test-retest reliability. It demonstrated significant positive correlations with the psychopathological symptoms and negative associations with social desirability and with the quality of life, confirming its divergent and convergent validity. The analysis of the frequency of delusional ideas for the total of the sample and on the basis of gender has revealed prevalence rates very similar to the ones found in previous studies.ConclusionsThe Portuguese version of the PDI-21 has adequate psychometric properties and it can be used to assess the delusional ideation in the general population.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.