bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic patterns of functional connectivity in the human brain underlie individual memory formation
Authors: Phan Audrey T. , Xie Weizhen , Chapeton Julio I. , Inati Sara K. , Zaghloul Kareem A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRemembering our everyday experiences involves dynamically coordinating information distributed across different brain regions. Investigating how momentary fluctuations in connectivity in the brain are relevant for episodic memory formation, however, has been challenging. Here we leverage the high temporal precision of intracranial EEG to examine sub-second changes in functional connectivity in the human brain as 20 participants perform a paired associates verbal memory task. We first identify potential functional connections by selecting electrode pairs across the neocortex that exhibit strong correlations with a consistent time delay across random recording segments. We then find that successful memory formation during the task involves dynamic sub-second changes in functional connectivity that are specific to each word pair. These patterns of dynamic changes are reinstated when participants successfully retrieve the word pairs from memory. Therefore, our data provide direct evidence that specific patterns of dynamic changes in human brain connectivity are associated with successful memory formation.
Therapeutic targeting of differentiation-state dependent metabolic vulnerabilities in diffuse midline glioma
Authors: Mbah Nneka E. , Myers Amy L. , Sajjakulnukit Peter , Chung Chan , Thompson Joyce K. , Hong Hanna S. , Giza Heather , Dang Derek , Nwosu Zeribe C. , Shan Mengrou , Sweha Stefan R. , Maydan Daniella D. , Chen Brandon , Zhang Li , Magnuson Brian , Zhu Zirui , Radyk Megan , Lavoie Brooke , Yadav Viveka Nand , Koo Imhoi , Patterson Andrew D. , Wahl Daniel R. , Franchi Luigi , Agnihotri Sameer , Koschmann Carl J. , Venneti Sriram , Lyssiotis Costas A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractH3K27M diffuse midline gliomas (DMG), including diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG), exhibit cellular heterogeneity comprising less-differentiated oligodendrocyte precursors (OPC)-like stem cells and more differentiated astrocyte (AC)-like cells. Here, we establish in vitro models that recapitulate DMG-OPC-like and AC-like phenotypes and perform transcriptomics, metabolomics, and bioenergetic profiling to identify metabolic programs in the different cellular states. We then define strategies to target metabolic vulnerabilities within specific tumor populations. We show that AC-like cells exhibit a mesenchymal phenotype and are sensitized to ferroptotic cell death. In contrast, OPC-like cells upregulate cholesterol biosynthesis, have diminished mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and are accordingly more sensitive to statins and OXPHOS inhibitors. Additionally, statins and OXPHOS inhibitors show efficacy and extend survival in preclinical orthotopic models established with stem-like H3K27M DMG cells. Together, this study demonstrates that cellular subtypes within DMGs harbor distinct metabolic vulnerabilities that can be uniquely and selectively targeted for therapeutic gain.
Interference length reveals regularity of crossover placement across species
Authors: Ernst Marcel , Mercier Raphael , Zwicker David 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCrossover interference is a phenomenon that affects the number and positioning of crossovers in meiosis and thus affects genetic diversity and chromosome segregation. Yet, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood, partly because quantification is difficult. To overcome this challenge, we introduce the interference length Lint that quantifies changes in crossover patterning due to interference. We show that it faithfully captures known aspects of crossover interference and provides superior statistical power over previous measures such as the interference distance and the gamma shape parameter. We apply our analysis to empirical data and unveil a similar behavior of Lint across species, which hints at a common mechanism. A recently proposed coarsening model generally captures these aspects, providing a unified view of crossover interference. Consequently, Lint facilitates model refinements and general comparisons between alternative models of crossover interference.
Serological analysis in humans in Malaysian Borneo suggests prior exposure to H5 avian influenza near migratory shorebird habitats
Authors: Klim Hannah , William Timothy , Mellors Jack , Brady Caolann , Rajahram Giri S. , Chua Tock H. , Brazal Monzó Helena , John Jecelyn Leslie , da Costa Kelly , Jeffree Mohammad Saffree , Temperton Nigel J. , Tipton Tom , Thompson Craig P. , Ahmed Kamruddin , Drakeley Chris J. , Carroll Miles W. , Fornace Kimberly M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCases of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenzas (HPAI) are on the rise. Although mammalian spillover events are rare, H5N1 viruses have an estimated mortality rate in humans of 60%. No human cases of H5 infection have been reported in Malaysian Borneo, but HPAI has circulated in poultry and migratory avian species transiting through the region. Recent deforestation in coastal habitats in Malaysian Borneo may increase the proximity between humans and migratory birds. We hypothesise that higher rates of human-animal contact, caused by this habitat destruction, will increase the likelihood of potential zoonotic spillover events. In 2015, an environmentally stratified cross-sectional survey was conducted collecting geolocated questionnaire data in 10,100 individuals. A serological survey of these individuals reveals evidence of H5 neutralisation that persisted following depletion of seasonal H1/H3 HA binding antibodies from the plasma. The presence of these antibodies suggests that some individuals living near migratory sites may have been exposed to H5 HA. There is a spatial and environmental overlap between individuals displaying high H5 HA binding and the distribution of migratory birds. We have developed a novel surveillance approach including both spatial and serological data to detect potential spillover events, highlighting the urgent need to study cross-species pathogen transmission in migratory zones.
Distinct functions for beta and alpha bursts in gating of human working memory
Authors: Liljefors Johan , Almeida Rita , Rane Gustaf , Lundström Johan N. , Herman Pawel , Lundqvist Mikael 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMultiple neural mechanisms underlying gating to working memory have been proposed with divergent results obtained in human and animal studies. Previous findings from non-human primates suggest prefrontal beta frequency bursts as a correlate of transient inhibition during selective encoding. Human studies instead suggest a similar role for sensory alpha power fluctuations. To cast light on these discrepancies we employed a sequential working memory task with distractors for human participants. In particular, we examined their whole-brain electrophysiological activity in both alpha and beta bands with the same single-trial burst analysis earlier performed on non-human primates. Our results reconcile earlier findings by demonstrating that both alpha and beta bursts in humans correlate with the filtering and control of memory items, but with region and task-specific differences between the two rhythms. Occipital beta burst patterns were selectively modulated during the transition from sensory processing to memory retention whereas prefrontal and parietal beta bursts tracked sequence order and were proactively upregulated prior to upcoming target encoding. Occipital alpha bursts instead increased during the actual presentation of unwanted sensory stimuli. Source reconstruction additionally suggested the involvement of striatal and thalamic alpha and beta. Thus, specific whole-brain burst patterns correlate with different aspects of working memory control.
Mechano-adaptive meta-gels through synergistic chemical and physical information-processing
Authors: Dúzs Brigitta , Skarsetz Oliver , Fusi Giorgio , Lupfer Claudius , Walther Andreas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGlobal functional adaptation after local mechanical stimulation, as in mechanobiology and the mimosa plant, is fascinating and ubiquitous in nature. This is achieved by locally sensing mechanical deformation with precise thresholds, processing this information via biochemical circuits, followed by downstream actuation. The integration of such embodied intelligence allowing for mechano-to-chemo-to-function information-processing remains elusive in man-made systems. By merging the fields of chemical circuits and metamaterials, we introduce adaptive metamaterial hydrogels (meta-gels) that can accurately sense mechanical stimuli (local touch and global strain), transmit this information over long distances via reaction-diffusion signaling, and induce downstream mechanical strengthening by growing nanofibril networks, or soft robotic actuation through competitive swelling. All elements of the sensor-processor-actuator system are embedded in the device, functioning autonomously without external feeding reservoirs. Our concept enables designing advanced life-like materials systems that synergistically combine two worlds – chemical circuits for chemical information-processing and metamaterial unit cells for physical information-processing.
In vivo imaging of the human brain with the Iseult 11.7-T MRI scanner
Authors: Boulant Nicolas , Mauconduit Franck , Gras Vincent , Amadon Alexis , Le Ster Caroline , Luong Michel , Massire Aurélien , Pallier Christophe , Sabatier Laure , Bottlaender Michel , Vignaud Alexandre , Le Bihan Denis 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe understanding of the human brain is one of the main scientific challenges of the twenty-first century. In the early 2000s, the French Atomic Energy Commission launched a program to conceive and build a human magnetic resonance imaging scanner operating at 11.7 T. We have now acquired human brain images in vivo at such a magnetic field. We deployed parallel transmission tools to mitigate the radiofrequency field inhomogeneity problem and tame the specific absorption rate. The safety of human imaging at such high field strength was demonstrated using physiological, vestibular, behavioral and genotoxicity measurements on the imaged volunteers. Our technology yields T2 and T2*-weighted images reaching mesoscale resolutions within short acquisition times and with a high signal and contrast-to-noise ratio.
Barrel rifling node offset detection and subsequent optimization based on thin film in-mold decoration characteristics of the Johnson–Cook model
Authors: Chang Hanjui , Zhang Guangyi , Sun Yue , Lu Shuzhou 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a nodal detection method for the detection and optimization of barrel helix offsets is proposed. The barrel used in this experiment is a 6-helix barrel. Moreover, the special properties of the film of Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) material are used to cover the surface of the barrel helix with a virtual in-mold decoration (IMD) film, and the unique nature of the film die offset in the IMD is utilized to detect the position of the barrel helix. The area with a large die index is the area with a large helix offset in the barrel, and the IMD die index is introduced to quantify the data. The IMD die index is used to determine the helix offset of the damaged barrel. The novelty of this work is that each node can use the die index to efficiently detect the position of the barrel helix deviation, carry out subsequent optimization and repair work through the optimization of the injection molding parameters and the design optimization of the barrel and verify the experiment by comparing the results. Through the steady-state simulation research mode, different permutations and combinations of the two process parameters are simulated to study their effects. Quantitative reference indicators include but are not limited to dependent variables such as the fluid flow velocity, shear rate, temperature distribution and phase transition, and the shear heating process of the injection screw is taken into account in the mold flow analysis to ensure that the die index value is more accurate. It can be seen from the analysis results that the temperature of the barrel changes after the groove depth and groove width are changed, and the effect ratio of the groove depth is lower than that of the groove width in the same degree of size change.
Impact of post-COVID symptoms on activity and participation of women and men
Authors: Rosenstein Jana , Lemhöfer Christina , Loudovici-Krug Dana , Sturm Christian , Bökel Andrea 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPost-COVID syndrome is affecting many organ systems and arises as a major public health problem with millions of cases worldwide. The primary aim of this study is the analysis of health problems, activity limitations and participation restrictions (ALPR) of participants with post-COVID symptoms and the investigation of correlations between these elements to derive statements about the rehabilitation need, also depending on sex. A retrospective cohort study was performed to collect longitudinal data from January 2022 to January 2023 using the Covid-19 Rehabilitation Needs Questionnaire (RehabNeQ). Patients completed the questionnaire at the Department of Rehabilitation- and Sports Medicine at Hannover Medical School. The 1st assessment included 307 study participants, of whom 54 showed up for the 2nd, 7 for the 3rd and one for the 4th assessment. Study participants with post-COVID symptoms also experience ALPR. The results show no significant difference in symptom intensity in women and men, but in intensity of ALPR. We found many correlations of varying degrees between various factors with ALPR. We found frequent correlations between fatigue and several ALPR. While these correlations apply to both sexes, we also found different correlations in women and men, indicating the different rehabilitation need of women and men.
Enhanced climate change resilience on wheat anther morphology using optimized deep learning techniques
Authors: Zahir Arifa , Ali Zulfiqar , Al-Shamayleh Ahmad Sami , bas Syed Raza Ab , Mahmood Basharat , Al-Ghushami Abdullah Hussein , Adnan Rubina , Akhunzada Adnan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWheat commands attention due to its significant impact on culture, nutrition, the economy, and the guarantee of food security. The anticipated rise in temperatures resulting from climate change is a key factor contributing to food insecurity, as it markedly reduces wheat harvests. Terminal heat stress mostly affects spike fertility in wheat, specifically influencing pollen fertility and anther morphology. This research especially focuses on the shape of anthers and examines the effects of heat stress. The DinoLite Microscope’s high-resolution images are used to measure the length and width of wheat anthers. By using object identification techniques, the research accurately measures the length and width of each anther in images, offering valuable insights into the differences between various wheat varieties. Furthermore, Deep Learning (DL) methodologies are utilized to enhance agriculture, specifically employing record categorization to advance plant breeding management. Given the ongoing challenges in agriculture, there is a belief that incorporating the latest technologies is crucial. The primary objective of this study is to explore how Deep Learning algorithms can be beneficial in categorizing agricultural records, particularly in monitoring and identifying variations in spring wheat germplasm. Various Deep Learning algorithms, including Convolution Neural Network (CNN), LeNet, and Inception-V3 are implemented to classify the records and extract various patterns. LeNet demonstrates optimized accuracy in classifying the records, outperforming CNN by 52% and Inception-V3 by 70%. Moreover, Precision, Recall, and F1 Measure are utilized to ascertain accuracy levels. The investigation also enhances our comprehension of the distinct roles played by various genes in abiotic stress tolerance among diverse wheat varieties. The outcomes of the research hold the potential to transform agricultural practices by introducing a more effective, data-driven approach to plant breeding management.
Structural insights into the mechanism of DNA branch migration during homologous recombination in bacteria
Authors: Rosa Leonardo Talachia , Vernhes Émeline , Soulet Anne-Lise , Polard Patrice , Fronzes Rémi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSome DNA helicases play central and specific roles in genome maintenance and plasticity through their branch migration activity in different pathways of homologous recombination. RadA is a highly conserved bacterial helicase involved in DNA repair throughout all bacterial species. In Gram-positive Firmicutes, it also has a role in natural transformation, while in Gram-negative bacteria, ComM is the canonical transformation-specific helicase. Both RadA and ComM helicases form hexameric rings and use ATP hydrolysis as an energy source to propel themselves along DNA. In this study, we present the cryoEM structures of RadA and ComM interacting with DNA and ATP analogs. These structures reveal important molecular interactions that couple ATP hydrolysis and DNA binding in RadA, as well as the role of the Lon protease-like domain, shared by RadA and ComM, in this process. Taken together, these results provide new molecular insights into the mechanisms of DNA branch migration in different pathways of homologous recombination.
Glycogenesis and glyconeogenesis from glutamine, lactate and glycerol support human macrophage functions
Authors: Jeroundi Najia , Roy Charlotte , Basset Laetitia , Pignon Pascale , Preisser Laurence , Blanchard Simon , Bocca Cinzia , Abadie Cyril , Lalande Julie , Gueguen Naïg , Mabilleau Guillaume , Lenaers Guy , Moreau Aurélie , Copin Marie-Christine , Tcherkez Guillaume , Delneste Yves , Couez Dominique , Jeannin Pascale 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMacrophages fight infection and ensure tissue repair, often operating at nutrient-poor wound sites. We investigated the ability of human macrophages to metabolize glycogen. We observed that the cytokines GM-CSF and M-CSF plus IL-4 induced glycogenesis and the accumulation of glycogen by monocyte-derived macrophages. Glyconeogenesis occurs in cells cultured in the presence of the inflammatory cytokines GM-CSF and IFNγ (M1 cells), via phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 (PCK2) and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1). Enzyme inhibition with drugs or gene silencing techniques and 13C-tracing demonstrate that glutamine (metabolized by the TCA cycle), lactic acid, and glycerol were substrates of glyconeogenesis only in M1 cells. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) also store glycogen and can perform glyconeogenesis. Finally, macrophage glycogenolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) support cytokine secretion and phagocytosis regardless of the availability of extracellular glucose. Thus, glycogen metabolism supports the functions of human M1 and M2 cells, with inflammatory M1 cells displaying a possible dependence on glyconeogenesis.
Characteristics of bone formation following marsupialization of jaw cysts
Authors: Bodner L , Bar-Ziv J 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES
To assess bone regeneration following marsupialization of jaw cysts.

METHODS
CT with multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) was performed on 23 patients with cysts of the jaws pre-operatively and 3-4 months after marsupialization. The two images were compared for the three-dimensional outline of the cyst, the distance between the cyst and adjacent structures (vital teeth, maxillary sinus, nasal cavity and mandibular canal) and the integrity of the cortex and mandibular canal. The characteristics of the new bone formation were also determined.

RESULTS
The outline of the cyst was changed and partially reduced. The distance between cyst wall and adjacent structures was increased. There was remodelling of the cortex and mandibular canal. The new bone formed in the periphery of the cyst showed either a ground glass appearance or radial bone spicules.

CONCLUSION
CT with MPR is useful for evaluation of morphological changes and bone formation following marsupialization of jaw cysts. CT with MPR is the technique of choice for the maxilla and the entire body of the mandible and coronal CT for cysts in mandibular angle and ascending ramus. Cysts can be enucleated safely as early as 3 months after marsupialization.
Development of a compact computed tomographic apparatus for dental use
Authors: Arai Y , Tammisalo E , Iwai K , Hashimoto K , Shinoda K 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE
To describe a compact computed tomographic apparatus (Ortho-CT) for use in dental practice.

METHODS
Ortho-CT is a cone-beam-type of CT apparatus consisting of a multifunctional maxillofacial imaging machine (Scanora, Soredex, Helsinki, Finland) in which the film is replaced with an X-ray imaging intensifier (Hamamatsu Photonics, Hamamatsu, Japan). The region of image reconstruction is a cylinder 32 mm in height and 38 mm in diameter and the voxel is a 0.136-mm cube. Scanning is at 85 kV and 10 mA with a 1 mm Cu filter. The scan time is 17 s comparable with that required for rotational panoramic radiography. A single scan collects 512 sets of projection data through 360 degrees and the image is reconstructed by a personal computer. The time required for image reconstruction is about 10 min.

RESULTS
The resolution limit was about 2.0 lp mm-1 and the skin entrance dose 0.62 mGy. Excellent image quality was obtained with a tissue-equivalent skull phantom: roots, periodontal ligament space, lamina dura, and cancellous bone were clearly visualized.

CONCLUSION
Ortho-CT provides three-dimensional images of excellent quality for dental use at a low entrance dose.
Tunable Zn2+ de-solvation behavior in MnO2 cathodes via self-assembled phytic acid monolayers for stable aqueous Zn-ion batteries
Authors: Ding Tianhang , Yu Shichao , Feng Ziyu , Song Bin , Zhang Hong , Lu Ke 
Published: October 2024

Special phytic acid (PA) layer facilitates desolvation of zinc ions and protects MnO2 with excellent electrochemical capacity.
Translational research priorities for bacteriophage therapeutics
Authors: Schooley Robert T. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The growing threat of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacterial pathogens coupled with the relative dearth of promising novel antibiotics requires the discovery and development additional medical interventions. Over the past decade bacteriophages have emerged one of the most promising new tools to combat AMR pathogens. Anecdotal clinical experiences under so-called ‘compassionate use’ regulatory pathways as well as a limited number of clinical trials have provided ample evidence of safety and early evidence of efficacy. For phages to reach their full potential it is critical that rigorous clinical trials be conducted that define their optimal use and that enable regulatory authorities to support the commercialization required to afford global access. The clinical development of phage therapeutics requires the design and execution of clinical trials that take full advantage of lessons learned from a century of antibiotic development and that use clinical investigation as a platform in which aspects of phage biology that are critical to therapeutics are more clearly elucidated. Translational research that elucidates phage biology in the context of clinical trials will promote highly relevant hypothesis-driven work in basic science laboratories and will greatly accelerate the development of the field of phage therapeutics.