bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a pediatric early warning system for hospitalized pediatric oncology patients in a resource‐limited setting
Authors: Agulnik Asya , Méndez Aceituno Alejandra , Mora Robles Lupe Nataly , Forbes Peter W. , Soberanis Vasquez Dora Judith , Mack Ricardo , Antillon‐Klussmann Federico , Kleinman Monica , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUNDPediatric oncology patients are at high risk of clinical deterioration, particularly in hospitals with resource limitations. The performance of pediatric early warning systems (PEWS) to identify deterioration has not been assessed in these settings. This study evaluates the validity of PEWS to predict the need for unplanned transfer to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) among pediatric oncology patients in a resource‐limited hospital.METHODSA retrospective case‐control study comparing the highest documented and corrected PEWS score before unplanned PICU transfer in pediatric oncology patients (129 cases) with matched controls (those not requiring PICU care) was performed.RESULTSDocumented and corrected PEWS scores were found to be highly correlated with the need for PICU transfer (area under the receiver operating characteristic, 0.940 and 0.930, respectively). PEWS scores increased 24 hours prior to unplanned transfer (P = .0006). In cases, organ dysfunction at the time of PICU admission correlated with maximum PEWS score (correlation coefficient, 0.26; P = .003), patients with PEWS results ≥4 had a higher Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 (PIM2) (P = .028), and PEWS results were higher in patients with septic shock (P = .01). The PICU mortality rate was 17.1%; nonsurvivors had higher mean PEWS scores before PICU transfer (P = .0009). A single‐point increase in the PEWS score increased the odds of mechanical ventilation or vasopressors within the first 24 hours and during PICU admission (odds ratio 1.3‐1.4).CONCLUSIONSPEWS accurately predicted the need for unplanned PICU transfer in pediatric oncology patients in this resource‐limited setting, with abnormal results beginning 24 hours before PICU admission and higher scores predicting the severity of illness at the time of PICU admission, need for PICU interventions, and mortality. These results demonstrate that PEWS aid in the identification of clinical deterioration in this high‐risk population, regardless of a hospital's resource‐level. Cancer 2017;123:4903‐13. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Processes of code status transitions in hospitalized patients with advanced cancer
Authors: El‐Jawahri Areej , Lau‐Min Kelsey , Nipp Ryan D. , Greer Joseph A , Traeger Lara N. , Moran Samantha M. , D'Arpino Sara M. , Hochberg Ephraim P. , Jackson Vicki A. , Cashavelly Barbara J. , Martinson Holly S. , Ryan David P. , Temel Jennifer S. 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUNDAlthough hospitalized patients with advanced cancer have a low chance of surviving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the processes by which they change their code status from full code to do not resuscitate (DNR) are unknown.METHODSWe conducted a mixed‐methods study on a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients with advanced cancer. Two physicians used a consensus‐driven medical record review to characterize processes that led to code status order transitions from full code to DNR.RESULTSIn total, 1047 hospitalizations were reviewed among 728 patients. Admitting clinicians did not address code status in 53% of hospitalizations, resulting in code status orders of “presumed full.” In total, 275 patients (26.3%) transitioned from full code to DNR, and 48.7% (134 of 275 patients) of those had an order of “presumed full” at admission; however, upon further clarification, the patients expressed that they had wished to be DNR before the hospitalization. We identified 3 additional processes leading to order transition from full code to DNR acute clinical deterioration (15.3%), discontinuation of cancer‐directed therapy (17.1%), and education about the potential harms/futility of CPR (15.3%). Compared with discontinuing therapy and education, transitions because of acute clinical deterioration were associated with less patient involvement (P = .002), a shorter time to death (P < .001), and a greater likelihood of inpatient death (P = .005).CONCLUSIONSOne‐half of code status order changes among hospitalized patients with advanced cancer were because of full code orders in patients who had a preference for DNR before hospitalization. Transitions due of acute clinical deterioration were associated with less patient engagement and a higher likelihood of inpatient death. Cancer 2017;123:4895‐902. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
A novel cross‐layer communication protocol for vehicular sensor networks
Authors: Wang Tong , Wang Yunfeng , Liu Bingyi , Wang Xibo , Zhang Jianfeng , Hussain Azhar , Wang Peng , Cao Yue 
Published: September 2017

SummaryCommunication protocols in vehicular sensor networks (VSNs) in urban areas play an important role in intelligent transport systems applications. Many cross‐layer communication protocol studies are originated from topology‐based algorithms, which is not suitable for the frequently changing computational scenario. In addition, the influence factors that have been considered for VSNs routing are not enough. With these aspects in mind, this paper proposes a multifactor cross‐layer position‐based routing protocol for VSNs to improve reliability and efficiency in message delivery. Considering the complex intersection environment, the algorithm for vehicles selection at intersections (called AVSI) is further proposed, in which comprehensive factors are taken into account including the position and direction of vehicle, the vehicle density, the signal‐to‐noise‐plus‐interference ratio, and the frame error rate in MAC layer. Meanwhile, the dynamic HELLO_STREAM broadcasting system with the various vehicle speeds is proposed to increase the decisions accuracy. Experimental results in network simulator 3 show the advantage of multifactor cross‐layer position‐based routing protocol over traditional state‐of‐the‐art algorithms in terms of packet delivery ratio, overhead, and the mean end‐to‐end delay.
How far do adult turtles move? Home range and dispersal of Kinosternon integrum
Authors: Pérez‐Pérez Ailed , López‐Moreno Ana Esthela , Suárez‐Rodríguez Orlando , Rheubert Justin Lloyd , Hernández‐Gallegos Oswaldo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe describe the home range and movements of a population of Kinosternon integrum in Tonatico, Estado de México, México, over 3.5 years (during rainy and dry season months) using radiotelemetry in 37 adult turtles. The results showed that the home range of K. integrum was 0.151 ± 0.051 ha using 50% kernel density estimator (KDE), and 0.657 ± 0.214 ha using 95% KDE; the home range did not vary between sexes. Kinosternon integrum showed low distances traveled 51.44 ± 4.50 m, where 87.3% (n = 373) of movements were <100 m. The distance traveled differed by season, and movement category (aquatic and terrestrial movements). The shortest distance occurred during the dry season, during which some individuals move to estivation sites, and these movements were shorter than movements to artificial ponds (cattle ponds). In this population, home range and movement are similar to other species of the genus Kinosternon. Overall, the results indicate than K. integrum are highly dependent on aquatic habitats, but also utilize the terrestrial habitats for different biological activities, and to maintain viable populations. Therefore, the conservation of the entire inhabited area is fundamental. This study highlights the need to increase the studies, in Central México, concerning habitat use of freshwater turtles in order to increase the efficiency of conservation strategies.
The role of the miR‐148/‐152 family in physiology and disease
Authors: Friedrich Michael , Pracht Katharina , Mashreghi Mir‐Farzin , Jäck Hans‐Martin , Radbruch Andreas , Seliger Barbara 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenously encoded ∼22 nt small non‐coding RNAs. They function as key players of many cellular processes by base pairing with target mRNAs and thereby impairing gene expression at the post‐transcriptional level. Recent findings demonstrate a critical role of many miRNAs in immune cell differentiation and immune responses, which is also associated with the development and progression of many tumor and non‐tumor diseases. Here we review the multifaceted miRNA‐148/‐152 family members consisting of miR‐148a, miR‐148b and miR‐152. Next to regulation mechanisms that control the expression of this miRNA family, we will focus on (i) the role of miR‐148a in regulating B and T lymphocyte function and its role in associated diseases and (ii) the importance of miR‐148/‐152 family members for cancer initiation, tumor growth and metastasis formation. In addition, this review aims to highlight some selected targets of the miRNA‐148/‐152 family members, which are involved in the biology of cancer and maintenance of epigenetic patterns. In conclusion, members of the miR‐148/‐152 family might represent prognostic markers and/or potential therapeutic targets for treatment of autoimmune disorders, chronic inflammatory diseases and multiple types of cancer.
Silica‐modified Electrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Malachite Green
Authors: Sacara Ana Maria , Nairi Valentina , Salis Andrea , Turdean Graziella Liana , Muresan Liana Maria 
Published: September 2017

AbstractNew silica‐modified glassy carbon electrodes prepared with three different sorts of ordered mesoporous silica (OMS) were characterized and tested for the electrochemical detection of Malachite Green (MG). The electrodes were prepared by drop casting using silica suspensions and, for stability sake, a Nafion coating was deposited on the electrode top by the same technique. Square wave anodic stripping voltammetry was used to investigate the effect of various experimental parameters (deposition time, solution pH, silica type and concentration) on the performance of the modified electrodes. The best electrode (GC/MCM‐41‐NH2/Nafion) with detection limit 0.36 μM, sensitivity 0.164±0.003 A/M; linear domain 1–6 μM was applied to detect MG in a commercial product commonly used as biocide in aquaria for ornamental fish.
Ultrafast Nonlinear Optical Properties of a Graphene Saturable Mirror in the 2 μm Wavelength Region
Authors: Wang Gaozhong , Wang Kangpeng , Szydłowska Beata M. , Baker‐Murray Aidan A. , Wang Jing Jing , Feng Yanyan , Zhang Xiaoyan , Wang Jun , Blau Werner J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMid‐infrared ultrafast lasers have emerged as a promising platform for both science and industry because of their inherent high raw power and eye‐safe spectrum. 2D nanostructures such as graphene have emerged as promising photonic materials for laser mode‐locking to generate ultrashort pulses. However, there are still many unanswered questions about graphene's key advantages to be practical devices, especially over the matured semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM). In this work, we conducted systematic comparisons on the nonlinear optical properties of graphene and that of a commercial SESAM at 2 μm wavelength. Our results showed that graphene has significant advantages over the commercial SESAM, exhibiting ∼28% less absorptive cross‐section ratio of excited‐state to ground‐state and ∼50 times faster relaxation time. This implies that graphene can be exploited as a better mode‐locker than the current commercial SESAM for high power, high repetition rate and ultrafast mid‐infrared laser sources.
Quantification of AKBA in Boswellia sacra Using NIRS Coupled with PLSR as an Alternative Method and Cross‐Validation by HPLC
Authors: Rehman Najeeb Ur , Ali Liaqat , Al‐Harrasi Ahmed , Mabood Fazal , Al‐Broumi Muhammed , Khan Abdul Latif , Hussain Hidayat , Hussain Javid , Csuk René 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIntroduction3‐O‐Acetyl‐11‐keto‐β‐boswellic acid (AKBA), one of the pentacyclic triterpenoids, is the main biologically active constituent in the resin of Boswellia sacra and has received significant pharmacological interest in recent years.ObjectiveIt was aimed to develop a robust method to quantify the AKBA content in methanolic extracts of different parts of B. sacra plants and in various fractions of its resin exudates through near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) coupled with partial least squares regression (PLSR).Material and MethodsThe near‐infrared (NIR) spectra were used to measure the AKBA standards and B. sacra samples at a wavelength range between 700 and 2500 nm in absorption mode. A PLSR model was built from the obtained spectral data using 70% of the AKBA working standard solutions (training set), ranging from 0.1 ppm to 100 ppm. The final PLSR showed a R2 value of 99% with a root mean square error of cross‐validation (RMSECV) value of 0.39% and a R2 value of 99%.ResultsThe results showed that a 50% CHCl3/n‐hexane sub‐fraction has the highest concentration of AKBA (14.8%), followed by 55% CHCl3/n‐hexane (13.6%), and 40% CHCl3/n‐hexane (6.1%).ConclusionAs the results achieved with the proposed NIRS methodology are in close agreement to the results of AKBA analysis using HPLC, we suggest that our proposed NIRS method is a fast alternative and non‐destructive method for the analysis of AKBA in different samples of B. sacra. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Toward inclusive therapy with CFTR modulators: Progress and challenges
Authors: Guimbellot Jennifer , Sharma Jyoti , Rowe Steven M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCystic fibrosis is caused by gene mutations that result in an abnormal Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) protein on the surface of cells. CFTR modulators are a novel class of drugs that directly target the molecular defect. CFTR modulators include potentiators that result in improved activity of the channel; correctors that help the protein traffic to the cell surface properly; and readthrough agents that restore full‐length CFTR by suppression of premature termination codons, among other novel classes more recently established. While some of these drugs, CFTR potentiators in particular, have provided remarkable improvements for CF patients, others have yet to achieve profoundly improved outcomes, and many CF patients are not yet impacted by CFTR modulators due to lack of knowledge regarding susceptibility of their mutations to treatment. One limitation to expanding these types of therapies to the maximum number of patients with CF is the lack of rigorously validated clinical biomarkers that can determine efficacy on an individual basis, as well as few pre‐clinical tools that can predict whether an individual with a rare combination of mutant alleles will respond to a particular CFTR modulator regimen. In this review, we discuss the various groups of CFTR modulators and their status in clinical development, as well as address the current literature on biomarkers, pre‐clinical cell‐based tools, and the role of pharmacometrics in creating therapeutic strategies to improve the lives of all patients with cystic fibrosis, regardless of their specific mutation.
The impact of regional economic performance on intergenerational geographical distance in China
Authors: Zhang Kezhong , Wang Junpeng , Ma Yuanyuan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractUsing data from a national representative survey, China Family Panel Studies, we assess the impact of regional economic performance on intergenerational geographical distance in China, which is one of the largest developing economies and which has experienced a drastic economic and social transition. Employing an ordered probit model, we find that the economic performance of the region where the parents live is negatively associated with the geographical distance between parents and their adult children. This negative association is mainly driven by individuals from rural areas. This association is stronger for adult children who are younger, better educated, male, and without siblings. Further analysis shows that longer intergenerational geographical distances are negatively related to the instrumental support that is received by older parents. The findings have critical implications for social and health policies in a country that has the largest elderly population and is one of the most rapidly ageing societies in the world.
Cryopreserved Off-the-Shelf Allogeneic Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells for Therapy in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Heart Failure—A Safety Study
Authors: Kastrup Jens , Haack-Sørensen Mandana , Juhl Morten , Harary Søndergaard Rebekka , Follin Bjarke , Drozd Lund Lisbeth , Mønsted Johansen Ellen , Ali Qayyum Abbas , Bruun Mathiasen Anders , Jørgensen Erik , Helqvist Steffen , Jørgen Elberg Jens , Bruunsgaard Helle , Ekblond Annette 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The present first-in-human clinical trial evaluated the safety and feasibility of a newly developed and cryopreserved Cardiology Stem Cell Centre adipose-derived stromal cell (CSCC_ASC) product from healthy donors for intramyocardial injection in ten patients with ischemic heart disease and ischemic heart failure (IHF). Batches of CSCC_ASC were isolated from three healthy donors by liposuction from abdominal adipose tissue. Adipose mesenchymal stromal cells were culture expanded in bioreactors without the use of animal constituents, cryopreserved, and stored in vials in nitrogen dry-storage containers until use.
Direct injection of CSCC_ASC into the myocardium did not cause any complications or serious adverse events related to either treatment or cell administration in a 6-month follow-up period. Four out of ten heart failure patients developed donor-specific de novo human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I antibodies, and two out of ten patients had donor-specific HLA antibodies already at baseline. There were no clinical symptoms or changes in inflammatory parameters in the follow-up period that indicated an ongoing immune response. There was a tendency toward improvement in cardiac function after CSCC_ASC treatment at 6-month follow-up: left ventricular end systolic volume decreased and left ventricular ejection fraction increased. In addition, exercise capacity increased. These changes were independent of the presence or absence of HLA antibodies.
It is concluded that the newly developed cryopreserved product CSCC_ASC from healthy donors was a safe and feasible treatment. We observed a tendency toward efficacy in patients with IHF. These findings have to be confirmed in larger placebo controlled clinical trials.
Cloud‐based performance management of community care services
Authors: Eze Benjamin , Kuziemsky Craig , Peyton Liam 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTriple Aim for connected care is about improving patient experience, improving population health, and lowering cost of care. One of the key challenges to operationalizing Triple Aim is our ability to measure improvements at all levels of the health care ecosystem especially with respect to connected care. With a lack of interoperability between stakeholders in the health care system, our ability to measure quality of care goals is limited. Cloud computing offers the potential to improve data sharing and interoperability, thereby providing a good framework for operationalizing Triple Aim. In this paper, we evaluate our systematic framework for performance management of community care services based on a successful implementation for a large urban health region in support of Triple Aim. Three critical roadblocks to interoperability in a cloud computing context are identified (infrastructure, common data model, and a compliance framework), and alternative approaches to addressing them are evaluated and discussed.
INFINITISM AND SCEPTICISM
Authors: Oakley Tim 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTInfinitism, in contrast to foundationalism and coherentism, claims that justification in any proposition requires the availability of an infinite chain of propositional reasons, each providing a justificatory reason for its successor in the chain. Both infinitists and some critics of the theory have at times noted the possibility that the theory may have sceptical consequences for doxastic justification. It is argued here that, for reasons that appear not to have been previously appreciated, sceptical results very definitely do follow from infinitism. On one construal of infinitism, this constitutes a reductio of the theory. On an alternative construal, infinitists may embrace the sceptical conclusion, but in doing so, will take on all the problems that scepticism faces.
Extremely high electrical conductance of microporous 3D graphene-like zeolite-templated carbon framework
Authors: Lee Hyunsoo , Kim Kyoungsoo , Kang Seoung-Hun , Kwon Yonghyun , Kim Jong Hun , Kwon Young-Kyun , Ryoo Ryong , Park Jeong Young 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe report the remarkably high electrical conductance of microporous 3D graphene-like carbons that were formed using lanthanum (La)-catalyzed synthesis in a Y zeolite (LaY) template investigated using conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) and theoretical calculations. To uncover the relation between local electrical conductance and the microporous structures, we tuned the crystallographic ordering of LaY-templated carbon systems by changing the heating temperature. The structure of the LaY-templated carbon prepared at the higher temperature has graphene-like sp
2
hybridized bonds, which was confirmed using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements. C-AFM current–voltage spectroscopy revealed that the local current flow in the LaY-templated carbon depends on the quantity of C–C bonds within the narrow neck between the closed supercages (i.e. there are three types of carbon: carbon with heat treatment, carbon without heat treatment, and carbon synthesized at low temperature). The difference in electrical conductance on the LaY-templated carbon was also confirmed via theoretical computation using the Boltzmann transport theory and the deformation potential theory based on the density functional theory. These results suggest that the degree of order of the pores in the 3D zeolite-templated carbon structures is directly related to electrical conductance.
Protective efficacy of phosphodiesterase-1 inhibition against alpha-synuclein toxicity revealed by compound screening in LUHMES cells
Authors: Höllerhage Matthias , Moebius Claudia , Melms Johannes , Chiu Wei-Hua , Goebel Joachim N. , Chakroun Tasnim , Koeglsperger Thomas , Oertel Wolfgang H. , Rösler Thomas W. , Bickle Marc , Höglinger Günter U. 
Published: September 2017

Abstractα-synuclein-induced neurotoxicity is a core pathogenic event in neurodegenerative synucleinopathies such as Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, or multiple system atrophy. There is currently no disease-modifying therapy available for these diseases. We screened 1,600 FDA-approved drugs for their efficacy to protect LUHMES cells from degeneration induced by wild-type α-synuclein and identified dipyridamole, a non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, as top hit. Systematic analysis of other phosphodiesterase inhibitors identified a specific phosphodiesterase 1 inhibitor as most potent to rescue from α-synuclein toxicity. Protection was mediated by an increase of cGMP and associated with the reduction of a specific α-synuclein oligomeric species. RNA interference experiments confirmed PDE1A and to a smaller extent PDE1C as molecular targets accounting for the protective efficacy. PDE1 inhibition also rescued dopaminergic neurons from wild-type α-synuclein induced degeneration in the substantia nigra of mice. In conclusion, this work identifies inhibition of PDE1A in particular as promising target for neuroprotective treatment of synucleinopathies.