bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Chromium(II) Reductions of N,O‐Chelated (Amino acidato)tetraamminecobalt(III) Ions ‐ a Reinvestigation.
Authors: WILLIAMS R. D. , PENNINGTON D. E. , SMITH W. B. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Geschwindigkeits‐ und Aktivierungsparameter für die Cr(II)‐Reduktion der Titelcobalt(III)‐Komplexe mit Glycin und D,L‐Alanin werden erneut und die des Komplexes mit D,L‐Phenylalanin erstmalig bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: Coordinated p‐Benzosemiquinone Radical: Formation of [Co(CN)5(2,6‐di‐Bu′‐1,4‐semiquinone)]3‐ by One Electron Oxidative Addition.
Authors: VLCEK A. JUN. , KLIMA J. , VLCEK A. A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDer Titelkomplex, das Produkt der Reaktion von Co(CN)2 " mit 2,6‐Di‐tert.‐butyl‐1,4‐benzochinon in DMF, wird mittels EPR‐ und UV‐VIS‐Spektroskopie sowie Polarographie als ein Komplex des p‐Benzosemichinonradikals o‐gebunden am Co(III)‐Zentrum durch das C4‐O‐Atom charakterisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF NICKEL(II) COMPLEXES CONTAINING ARSINE LIGANDS WITH ELECTRON‐DEFICIENT OLEFINS. DIANIONIC AND NEUTRAL OLEFIN LIGANDS IN NICKEL(II) AND NICKEL(III) COMPLEXES
Authors: BOOTH B. L. , MCAULIFFE C. A. , STANLEY G. L. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDer Triarsin‐Ni‐Zweikernkomplex (I) reagiert mit Tetracyanoethylen (II) zu dem ′ diamagnetischen planaren Ni‐Komplex (IIIa), in dem ein Dianion des Liganden als cis‐Brücke vorliegt, wie IR‐spektroskopische Untersuchungen und Vergleiche bestätigen.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation, IR Spectrum and Structure of the Di‐μ3‐hydroxo‐μ‐sulphatotetrakis‐μ‐(isonicotinato‐N‐oxide)tetraaqua‐tetracopper(II).
Authors: KNUUTTILA P. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDer Titelkomplex (I) entsteht bei der 1:1‐molaren Umsetzung von Ammoniumisonicotinat mit Cu(II)‐sulfatpenta‐ hydrat in Na‐acetat‐gepufferter wäßriger Lösung neben dem einkernigen Produkt Bis‐ [isonicotinato]‐diaquo‐Cu(II).
ChemInform Abstract: REINVESTIGATION OF THE REACTIONS OF CARBONYLHYDRIDOTRIS(PHOSPHINE) COMPLEXES OF RHODIUM AND IRIDIUM WITH SULFUR DIOXIDE
Authors: BELL L. K. , MINGOS D. M. P. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract1H‐ und 3′ P ′ Hj‐NM R‐spektroskopische Untersuchungen bestätigen die eindeutige Bildung von fünffach‐koordinierten SO, ‐ Derivaten mit der vermutlichen Struktur (II) bei der Reaktion der Tris‐[phosphin]‐ Komplexe (I) mit S02.
ChemInform Abstract: HIGH‐PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY STUDIES ON PLATINUM THYMINE BLUE
Authors: WOOLLINS J. D. , ROSENBERG B. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Untersuchungen ergeben, daß typische Darstellungen der Titelverbindung verschiedene farblose Platinverbindungen und eine Anzahl blauer Spezies enthalten.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMISTRY OF ORGANOSILICON COMPOUNDS. 152. HIGHLY REGIOSELECTIVE DIELS‐ALDER REACTIONS OF 2‐TRIMETHYLSILYLMETHYL‐1,3‐BUTADIENE CATALYZED BY A LEWIS ACID AND APPLICATIONS TO SYNTHESES OF TERPENES
Authors: HOSOMI A. , IGUCHI H. , SASAKI J. , SAKURAI H. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAus 2‐Trimethylsilylmethyl‐butadien (I) erhält man mit zahlreichen Olefinen (II) Gemische aus den Addukten (III) und (IV), wobei die Anteile an (III) überwiegen.
ChemInform Abstract: 18‐SUBSTITUTED STEROIDS. PART 10. SYNTHESIS OF 16α,18,21‐TRIHYDROXYPREGN‐4‐ENE‐3,20‐DIONE (16α,18‐DIHYDROXY‐11‐DEOXYCORTICOSTERONE)
Authors: KIRK D. N. , SA E MELO M. L. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Synthese der Titelverbindung (Vc) auf zwei Wegen wird beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF BENZYLIDENE‐D‐TETROSES
Authors: THIEM J. , WESSEL H.‐P. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie dimere Benzylidenthreose (I) erfährt bei Ag‐oxid‐katalysierten Methylierungen je nach Bedingungen eine Blockierung der acetalischen Funktion unter Bildung des Monomethylacetals (II) (äquimolare Mengen Edukt + gealtertes Ag‐oxid + doppelte Menge Me‐I) bzw. des dimeren Glycosids (Ib) (äquimolare Mengen Edukt + frisch hergestelltes AggO + großer Überschuß MeI).
ChemInform Abstract: PALLADIUM‐ASSISTED CARBOHYDRATE REACTIONS. I. SODIUM CYANOBOROHYDRIDE‐PROMOTED ALLYLIC REARRANGEMENTS OF C‐6 SUBSTITUTED PYRANOSIDE GLYCALS
Authors: DUNKERTON L. V. , BRADY K. T. , MOHAMED F. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAus den Pyranosid‐glykalen (I) erhält man bei der Behandlung mit Pa1ladium(II)‐chlorid und Methanol nach Addition von Natriumcyanoboranat unterschiedliche Mengen der Umlagerungsprodukte (II) und (III).
ChemInform Abstract: AN EFFICIENT STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF COENZYME Q10
Authors: SATO K. , MIYAMOTO O. , INOUE S. , YAMAMOTO T. , HIRASAWA Y. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBei ‐50°C reagiert die aus dem Bromid (Ia) erhaltene Grignardverbindung (Ib) mit Isoprenepoxid in Gegenwart von Kupfer(I)‐chlorid zum trans‐Allylalkohol (IIa), dessen Bromid (IIb) mit dem Anion des Sulfons (III) umgesetzt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Reactions of Reductiomycin.
Authors: OJIKA M. , SHIZURI Y. , YAMADA K. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Struktur des aus Streptomyces orientalis isolierten Antibioticums Reductiomycin (I), das starke Antitumor‐Aktivität besitzt, wird beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Isoquinolinequinone Antibiotics.
Authors: KUBO A. , KITAHARA Y. , NAKAHARA S. , SAITO N. , IWATA R. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Synthese der Isochinolinchinon‐ Antibiotica Mimocin (I) und Renieron (II) wird ausgehend von den Isochinolin‐ Derivaten (III) bzw. (IV) beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF 4‐DEMETHOXYDAUNOMYCIN
Authors: BROADHURST M. J. , HASSALL C. H. , THOMAS G. J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAusgehend von dem Carbonsäuremethylester (I) erhält man auf dem im Formelschema beschriebenen Weg ein cistrans‐Gemisch der Diole (V), das mit Phenylboronsäure unter Epimerisierung des trans‐Diols (Vb) zum cis‐Boronat (VI) führt.
Nanostructured Iron Oxide/Hydroxide‐Based Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors
Authors: Xia Qiuying , Xu Meng , Xia Hui , Xie Jianping 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThere is a pressing need to further increase the energy density of supercapacitors to meet the requirements of next‐generation electronic devices. One promising solution is to develop advanced electrode materials with large capacitance at fast charge/discharge rates. Among the newly developed electrode materials for supercapacitors, iron oxides/hydroxides have recently emerged as a promising class of anode materials largely because of their attractive electrochemical performance, source abundance, low price, and environmental friendliness. However, the use of these emerging materials in practical set‐ups is unfortunately curtailed by their relatively small surface area and poor electrical conductivity, which could pose detrimental effects on their pseudocapacitive performance. Recently, material scientists and chemists in the energy community have attempted to address these materials’ challenges by taking the advantage of the unique physical and chemical properties of iron oxides/hydroxides at the nanoscale size regime, which are the key topics discussed in this Focus Review. Here, we first summarize recent advances in the development of high‐performance iron oxide/hydroxide‐based electrode materials, and their use as anode materials in asymmetric supercapacitors. We then highlight and exemplify several effective design strategies, such as architectural design, chemical modification, and multifunctional composites of iron oxide/hydroxide‐based electrodes, to further improve their electrochemical properties. In the last section, we discuss the challenges and perspectives in this exciting field, shedding some light on the design of iron oxide/hydroxide‐based electrodes for practical applications.
One‐Dimensional Na3V2(PO4)3/C Nanowires as Cathode Materials for Long‐Life and High Rate Na‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Jiang Yu , Yao Yu , Shi Jinan , Zeng Linchao , Gu Lin , Yu Yan 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe material Na3V2(PO4)3 (denoted as NVP) has attracted ubiquitous attention as a promising cathode material for sodium ion batteries (NIBs) because it has a fast Na+ transportable NASICON framework. However, the major challenge for the wide application of NVP in NIBs is the poor intrinsic electric conductivity that results in poor electrochemical performance. In this work, nanosized electrochemically active carbon‐coated NVP nanoparticles embedded in 1D porous carbon nanowires (NVP@C‐CNW) were designed and fabricated to improve the intrinsic electric conductivity. The 1D carbon nanowires easily percolate and enable fast electron/ion transport to the NVP particles, while also accommodating the volume variation during Na ion insertion and extraction. In addition, the porous structure facilitates easy electrolyte access, leading to improved fast charge performance. The NVP@C‐CNW exhibits superior rate performance (62.2 mA h g−1 at 60 C) and an ultralong cycle life (96.6 mA h g−1 after 1000 cycles at 1C), indicating its great potential for application as the cathode material in high‐performance NIBs.
Genetic and environmental factors associated with delirium severity in older adults with dementia
Authors: Massimo Lauren , Munoz Elizabeth , Hill Nikki , Mogle Jacqueline , Mulhall Paula , McMillan Corey T. , Clare Linda , Vandenbergh David , Fick Donna , Kolanowski Ann 
Published: April 2016

ObjectiveTo determine (1) whether delirium severity was associated with Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype status and occupational complexity, a measure of cognitive reserve, in individuals with delirium superimposed on dementia; and (2) whether decline in delirium severity was associated with these same factors over a post‐acute care (PAC) stay.MethodsControl group data (n = 142) from a completed randomized clinical trial were used to address the aims of the study. Delirium severity was calculated by combining items from the Confusion Assessment Method and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. APOE ε4 carriers versus non‐carriers were considered. Occupational complexity, a measure of cognitive reserve, was derived from the Lifetime of Experiences Questionnaire. Covariates examined included age, gender, education, Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, and the Charlson comorbidity score. Data were nested (i.e., days nested within persons) and analyzed using multilevel models.ResultsThe presence of an APOE ε4 allele and higher Clinical Dementia Rating Scale were associated with greater delirium severity at baseline. The presence of an APOE ε4 allele was also associated with greater delirium severity averaged across the PAC stay. Occupational complexity was not associated with baseline delirium severity or average daily delirium severity; however, individuals with low occupational complexity showed a significant decreased in delirium severity during the course of their PAC stay.ConclusionsIndividual differences, including genetic factors and level of cognitive reserve, contribute to the severity of delirium in older adults with dementia. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Age‐Adjusted Glycated Albumin at Diagnosis is more Correlated with the Product of Age and Plasma Glucose than Plasma Glucose Alone in Patients with Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Furuya Akiko , Suzuki Shigeru , Oshima Miho , Amamiya Satoshi , Nakao Atsushi , Araki Mariko , Mizutani Kayo , Hayano Satoshi , Ushijima Katsumi , Imamoto Aya , Nagano Nobuhiko , Urakami Tatsuhiko , Matsuo Kumihiro , Tanahashi Yusuke , Azuma Hiroshi , Koga Masafumi 
Published: April 2016

BackgroundWe previously showed that glycated albumin (GA) is a useful glycemic control indicator in patients with neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM), and that age‐adjusted GA (Aa‐GA) can reflect more accurately glycemic control status. Here, we investigated whether the age at diagnosis influences Aa‐GA at diagnosis of NDM.MethodsEight patients with NDM whose GA was measured at diagnosis (age at diagnosis: 39 ± 18 days; GA: 31.3 ± 7.6%; Aa‐GA: 47.1 ± 10.3%; plasma glucose: 525 ± 194 mg/dl) were included. Aa‐GA was calculated as follows: Aa‐GA = GA × 14.0/[1.77 × log‐age (days) + 6.65]. Correlations of GA or Aa‐GA at diagnosis with its logarithmically transformed age in days (log‐age), plasma glucose, and their product were investigated.ResultsGA at diagnosis was not significantly correlated with log‐age or plasma glucose. On the other hand, Aa‐GA at diagnosis was significantly positively correlated with plasma glucose (R = 0.75, P = 0.031) and was more strongly positively correlated with the product of plasma glucose and log‐age (R = 0.82, P = 0.012) although it was not correlated with log‐age.ConclusionAa‐GA at diagnosis is influenced by both age in days and plasma glucose. This finding is likely to show the aspect that age in days is almost equal to diabetes duration because glycemic control indicators including GA reflect the weighted mean of plasma glucose.
Can enemy release explain the invasion success of the diploid Leucanthemum vulgare in North America?
Authors: Stutz Sonja , Štajerová Kateřina , Hinz Hariet L. , Müller-Schärer Heinz , Schaffner Urs 
Published: April 2016

AbstractEnemy release is a commonly accepted mechanism to explain plant invasions. Both the diploidLeucanthemum vulgareand the morphologically very similar tetraploidLeucanthemum ircutianumhave been introduced into North America. To verify which species is more prevalent in North America we sampled 98Leucanthemumpopulations and determined their ploidy level. Although polyploidy has repeatedly been proposed to be associated with increased invasiveness in plants, only two of the populations surveyed in North America were the tetraploidL. ircutianum. We tested the enemy release hypothesis by first comparing 20 populations ofL. vulgareand 27 populations ofL. ircutianumin their native range in Europe, and then comparing the EuropeanL. vulgarepopulations with 31L. vulgarepopulations sampled in North America. Characteristics of the site and associated vegetation, plant performance and invertebrate herbivory were recorded. In Europe, plant height and density of the two species were similar butL. vulgareproduced more flower heads thanL. ircutianum.Leucanthemum vulgarein North America was 17 % taller, produced twice as many flower heads and grew much denser compared toL. vulgarein Europe. Attack rates by root- and leaf-feeding herbivores onL. vulgarein Europe (34 and 75 %) was comparable to that onL. ircutianum(26 and 71 %) but higher than that onL. vulgarein North America (10 and 3 %). However, herbivore load and leaf damage were low in Europe. Cover and height of the co-occurring vegetation was higher inL. vulgarepopulations in the native than in the introduced range, suggesting that a shift in plant competition may more easily explain the invasion success ofL. vulgarethan escape from herbivory.
Trophic plasticity among spring vs. cave populations of Gammarus minus: examining functional niches using stable isotopes and C/N ratios
Authors: MacAvoy Stephen E. , Braciszewski Alyssa , Tengi Eric , Fong Daniel W. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn some environments, species may exhibit trophic plasticity, which allows them to extend beyond their assigned functional group. For Gammarus minus, a freshwater amphipod classified as a shredder or detritivore, cave populations have been observed consuming heterotrophs as well as shredding leaves, and therefore may be exhibiting trophic plasticity. To test this possibility, we examined the C and N stable isotope and C/N ratios for cave and spring populations of G. minus. A 15‐day feeding experiment using leaves and G. minus from a spring population established that the diet‐tissue discrimination factor was 3.2 ‰ for δ15N. Cave G. minus were 8 ‰ higher in δ15N relative to cave leaves, indicating they did not derive nitrogen from leaves, whereas field collected spring populations were 2–3 ‰ higher than spring leaves, indicating that they did. Cave G. minus were 2.6 ‰ higher in δ15N than the cave isopod, Caecidotea holsingeri. Relative to spring populations, Organ Cave G. minus were 15N enriched by 6 ‰, suggesting they occupied a different trophic level, or incorporated an isotopically distinct N source. While stable isotopes cannot tell what the cave G. minus are eating, the isotopes certainly show that G. minus are not eating leaves and are trophically distinct form the surface populations. Differences in C/N ratios were observed, but reflect the size of the G. minus examined and not feeding group or habitat. The isotope data strongly support the hypothesis that cave populations of G. minus have become generalist or omnivorous by including animal protein in their diet.
Transnitrosylation: A Factor in Nitric Oxide–Mediated Penile Erection
Authors: Musicki Biljana , Lagoda Gwen , Goetz Tabitha , La Favor Justin D. , Burnett Arthur L. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTIntroductionNitric oxide (NO) signaling can be mediated not only through classic 3′,5′-cyclic guanosine monophosphate but also through S-nitrosylation. However, the impact of S-nitrosylation on erectile function and in NO regulation and oxidative stress in the penis remains poorly understood.AimsTo characterize the role of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), a major regulator of S-nitrosylation homeostasis, on erection physiology and on endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) function and oxidative-nitrosative stress in the penis.MethodsAdult GSNOR-deficient and wild-type (WT) mice were used. Erectile function was assessed in response to electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve. Total NO in penile homogenates was measured by Griess reaction. Protein S-nitrosylation, eNOS phosphorylation on Ser-1177 (positive regulatory site), eNOS uncoupling, and markers of oxidative stress (4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, malondialdehyde, and nitrotyrosine) in the penis were measured by western blot.Main Outcome MeasuresErectile function, eNOS function, and oxidative stress in the penis of GSNOR-deficient mice.ResultsErectile function was intact in GSNOR-deficient mice. Total S-nitrosylated proteins were increased (P &lt; .05) in the GSNOR−/− compared with WT mouse penis. Although eNOS phosphorylation on Ser-1177 did not differ between the GSNOR−/− and WT mouse penises at baseline, electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve increased (P &lt; .05) phosphorylated eNOS in the WT mouse penis but failed to increase phosphorylated eNOS in the GSNOR−/− mouse penis. Total NO production was decreased (P &lt; .05), whereas eNOS uncoupling, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, malondialdehyde, and nitrotyrosine were increased (P &lt; .05) in the GSNOR-deficient mouse penis compared with the WT mouse penis.ConclusionTransnitrosylation mechanisms play an important role in regulating NO bioactivity in the penis. Deficiency of GSNOR leads to eNOS dysfunction and increased oxidative damage, suggesting that homeostatic eNOS function in the penis is governed by transnitrosylation.
Erectile Dysfunction in Male Survivors of Childhood Cancer—A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Ritenour Chad W.M. , Seidel Kristy D. , Leisenring Wendy , Mertens Ann C. , Wasilewski-Masker Karen , Shnorhavorian Margarett , Sklar Charles A. , Whitton John A. , Stovall Marilyn , Constine Louis S. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Robison Leslie L. , Meacham Lillian R. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
With survival rates higher than 80%, the number of survivors from pediatric cancer continues to increase. Late effects resulting from cancer and cancer therapy are being characterized, but little information exists on sexual health for men who have survived childhood cancer.

Aim
To assess erectile dysfunction (ED) in men who survived childhood and adolescent cancers and to identify potential risk factors for ED.

Methods
In total, 1,622 men and 271 eligible brothers in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study cohort completed the Male Health Questionnaire, which provided information on sexual practices and sexual function. Combined with demographic, cancer, and treatment information from medical record abstraction, results of the Male Health Questionnaire were analyzed using multivariable modeling. The International Index of Erectile Function was used to identify ED in subjects.

Main Outcome Measure
International Index of Erectile Function.

Results
Survivors (mean age = 37.4 years, SD = 7.3 years) reported significantly lower sexual activity in the year before the survey than the brothers (mean age = 38.8 years, SD = 8.5 years) without cancer. ED was reported by 12.3% (95% CI = 10.4–14.3) of survivors and 4.2% (95% CI = 2.0–7.9) of brothers. Survivors showed significantly higher relative risk (RR) for ED (RR = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.40–4.97). In addition to older age, survivors who were exposed to higher-dose (≥10 Gy) testicular radiation (RR = 3.55, 95% CI = 1.53–8.24), had surgery on the spinal cord or nerves (RR = 2.87, 95% CI = 1.36–6.05), prostate surgery (RR = 6.56, 95% CI = 3.84–11.20), or pelvic surgery (RR = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.04–4.98) were at higher risk for ED.

Conclusion
Men who have survived childhood cancer have a greater than 2.6-fold increased risk for ED and certain cancer-specific treatments are associated with increased risk. Attention to sexual health, with its physical and emotional implications, and opportunities for early detection and intervention in these individuals could be important.
Heat balance of supraglacial lakes in the western Dronning Maud Land
Authors: Leppäranta Matti , Lindgren Elisa , Arvola Lauri 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTThermodynamics of a seasonal supraglacial lake were examined based on field data from three summers. At maximum, the lake body consisted of an upper layer with thin ice on top, and a lower layer with slush, hard ice and sediment at the bottom. Sublimation from the upper ice surface averaged to 0.7 mm d−1, and melting in the ice interior averaged to 9.1 mm d−1 during summer. Albedo was on average 0.6 and light attenuation coefficient was ~1 m−1. Averaged over December and January, and over 3 different years, we found that the net solar heating was 137 W m−2, while the losses averaged to 62 W m−2 for the longwave radiation, 16 W m−2 for the sensible heat flux, 24 W m−2 for the latent heat flux and 3 W m−2 for the bottom flux. The depth scale is determined by the light attenuation distance and thermal diffusion coefficient, and the net liquid water volume ranged from 0.5 to 1.0 m in different years. The potential winter growth is more than summer melting, and thus the lake freezes up completely in winter in the present climate.
Variability in ice motion at a land-terminating Greenlandic outlet glacier: the role of channelized and distributed drainage systems
Authors: COWTON TOM , NIENOW PETER , SOLE ANDREW , BARTHOLOMEW IAN , MAIR DOUGLAS 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTWe use a combination of field observations and hydrological modelling to examine the mechanisms through which variability in meltwater input affects ice motion at a land-terminating Greenlandic outlet glacier. We find a close agreement between horizontal ice velocity, vertical ice velocity and modelled subglacial water pressure over the course of a melt season. On this basis, we argue that variation in horizontal and vertical ice velocity primarily reflects the displacement of basal ice during periods of cavity expansion and contraction, a process itself driven by fluctuations in basal water pressure originating in subglacial channels. This process is not captured by traditional sliding laws linking water pressure and basal velocity, which may hinder the simulation of realistic diurnal to seasonal variability in ice velocity in coupled models of glacial hydrology and dynamics.