bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generalised hydrogen interactions with CINCO: a window to new physics
Authors: Bauer Martin , Perez-Soler Javier , Shergold Jack D. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We present semi-analytic solutions for atomic transition rates in hydrogenic atoms induced by scalar, pseudoscalar, vector, axial-vector, and tensor interactions. Our results agree with quantum electrodynamics predictions to ~ 0.005 % precision, and further allow us to calculate absorption and emission rates for axions, hidden photons, light scalars or other dark matter candidates for hydrogen and hydrogenic ions. These results can be used to inform searches for light new physics as well as in calculations relevant to searches for fifth forces or varying fundamental constants, with applications from astrophysics to laboratory spectroscopy experiments. We also provide a dedicated tool for the construction of hydrogenic transition amplitudes: “Computation of hydrogen radial INtegrals and COefficients” (CINCO).
A new observable for holographic cosmology
Authors: Chakravarty Joydeep , Maloney Alexander , Namjou Keivan , Ross Simon F. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The double-cone geometry is a saddle of the gravitational path integral, which explains the chaotic statistics of the spectrum of black hole microstates. This geometry is the usual AdS-Schwarzschild black hole, but with a periodic identification of the time coordinate; the resulting singularity at the black hole horizon is regulated by making the geometry slightly complex. Here, we consider generalizations of the double-cone geometry which include the Lorentzian cosmology that sits between the event horizon and the black hole singularity. We analyze this in two and three dimensions, where the cosmology has compact spatial sections and big bang/crunch singularities. These singularities are regulated in the same way by slightly complexifying the metric. We show that this is possible while satisfying the Kontsevich-Segal criterion, implying that these geometries can be interpreted as perturbatively stable saddle points in general relativity. This procedure leads to a novel description of the cosmology in terms of standard observables in the dual boundary CFT. In three dimensions, the cosmological solution gives a new contribution to the two-point function of the density of states in the boundary CFT. Unlike the usual double cone, it describes correlations between black hole microstates with different masses, and in a limit describes correlations between the statistics of heavy states and states near the BTZ threshold.
The Algebraic Entropies of the Leavitt Path Algebra and the Graph Algebra Agree
Authors: Barquero Dolores Martín , Bock Wolfgang , Campos Iván Ruiz , Canto Cristóbal Gil , González Cándido Martín , Sebandal Alfilgen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this note we prove that the algebras $$L_K(E)$$

L
K

(
E
)

and KE have the same entropy. Entropy is always referred to the standard filtrations in the corresponding kind of algebra. The main argument leans on (1) the holomorphic functional calculus; (2) the relation of entropy with suitable norm of the adjacency matrix; and (3) the Cohn path algebras which yield suitable bounds for the algebraic entropies.
Vector-Valued Maximal Inequalities and Multiparameter Oscillation Inequalities for the Polynomial Ergodic Averages Along Multi-dimensional Subsets of Primes
Authors: Mehlhop Nathan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe prove uniform $$\ell ^2$$

ℓ
2

-valued maximal inequalities for polynomial ergodic averages and truncated singular operators of Cotlar type modeled over multidimensional subsets of primes. In the averages case, we combine this with earlier one-parameter oscillation estimates (Mehlhop and Słomian in Math Ann, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00208-023-02597-8) to prove corresponding multiparameter oscillation estimates. This provides a fuller quantitative description of the pointwise convergence of the mentioned averages and is a generalization of the polynomial Dunford–Zygmund ergodic theorem attributed to Bourgain (Mirek et al. in Rev Mat Iberoam 38:2249–2284, 2022).
Auswirkungen thermischer Belastungen auf die Gesundheit – eine bundesweite Analyse auf Grundlage von GKV-Routinedaten zwischen 2012–2021
Authors: Augustin Jobst , Hischke Sandra , Hoffmann Peter , Castro Dante , Obi Nadia , Czerniejewski Alice , Dallner Roman , Bouwer Laurens M. 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Inwieweit sich mit GKV-Routinedaten Assoziationen von thermischer Belastung und hitzeassoziierten Erkrankungen abbilden lassen, ist unklar. Ziel dieser Untersuchung ist die Analyse des Zusammenhangs zwischen klimatischer Variabilität und hitzeassoziierten Erkrankungen auf Grundlage von Routinedaten.

Methoden
Die Studie basiert auf Abrechnungsdaten (ambulant und stationär) der Betriebskrankenkassen der Jahre 2012–2021 und umfasst circa elf Millionen gesetzlich Krankenversicherte. Berücksichtigt wurden vier hitzeassoziierte ICD-10-Diagnosen: T67 (Schäden durch Hitze und Sonnenlicht), E86 (Volumenmangel), N17 (akutes Nierenversagen) und N19 (Niereninsuffizienz). Die thermischen Bedingungen wurden mittels meteorologischer Variablen quantifiziert. Die Auswertung erfolgte bundeslandspezifisch für die 2. und 3. Quartale (Q2, Q3) mittels deskriptiver Verfahren und Korrelationsanalysen mit Messwiederholungen.

Ergebnisse
Die Jahre 2016, 2018 und 2020 sind mit hohen Temperaturen aufgefallen. Im Vergleich zu Q2 wurde in Q3 im Durchschnitt aller Jahre eine höhere thermische Belastung verzeichnet, einhergehend mit mehr hitzeassoziierten Diagnosen. So sind bundesweit die Diagnosen für T67 (ambulant) mit der Anzahl heißer Tage (rmw = 0,86 (0,81; 0,90)) korreliert. Wenngleich die thermische Belastung in Q2 geringer ist, zeigt sich aber auch hier ein ähnlicher Zusammenhang (rmw = 0,76 (0,68; 0,82)). Diese markante Assoziation blieb auch bei Betrachtung der Bundesländer erhalten.

Diskussion
Der Beitrag zeigt, dass sich auch in GKV-Routinedaten Assoziationen zwischen thermischer Belastung und Morbiditätsmarkern finden lassen. Vor dem Hintergrund einer klimawandelbedingten Zunahme hoher thermischer Belastungen zeigt dieser Beitrag die Notwendigkeit von Anpassungsmaßnahmen.
Natural alleles of LEAFY and WAPO1 interact to regulate spikelet number per spike in wheat
Authors: Zhang Junli , Burguener Germán F. , Paraiso Francine , Dubcovsky Jorge 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Key message
Specific combinations ofLFY andWAPO1 natural alleles maximize spikelet number per spike in wheat.

Abstract
Spikelet number per spike (SNS) is an important yield component in wheat that determines the maximum number of grains that can be formed in a wheat spike. In wheat, loss-of-function mutations in LEAFY (LFY) or its interacting protein WHEAT ORTHOLOG OF APO1 (WAPO1) significantly reduce SNS by reducing the rate of formation of spikelet meristems. In previous studies, we identified a natural amino acid change in WAPO1 (C47F) that significantly increases SNS in hexaploid wheat. In this study, we searched for natural variants in LFY that were associated with differences in SNS and detected significant effects in the LFY-B region in a nested association mapping population. We generated a large mapping population and confirmed that the LFY-B polymorphism R80S is linked with the differences in SNS, suggesting that LFY-B is the likely causal gene. A haplotype analysis revealed two amino acid changes P34L and R80S, which were both enriched during wheat domestication and breeding suggesting positive selection. We also explored the interactions between the LFY and WAPO1 natural variants for SNS using biparental populations and identified significant interaction, in which the positive effect of the 80S and 34L alleles from LFY-B was only detected in the WAPO-A1 47F background but not in the 47C background. Based on these results, we propose that the allele combination WAPO-A1-47F/LFY-B 34L 80S can be used in wheat breeding programs to maximize SNS and increase grain yield potential in wheat.
Large-scale investigation of dry orthogonal cutting experiments Ti6Al4V and Ck45
Authors: Klippel Hagen , Süssmaier Stefan , Zhang Nanyuan , Kuffa Michal , Wegener Konrad 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe numerical simulation of metal cutting processes requires material data for constitutive equations, which cannot be obtained with standard material testing procedures. Instead, inverse identifications of material parameters within numerical simulation models of the cutting experiment itself are necessary. This report presents the findings from a large-scale study of dry orthogonal cutting experiments on Ti6Al4V (Grade 5) and Ck45 (AISI 1045). It includes material characterization through microstructural analysis and tensile tests. The study details the measurement of cutting insert geometries and cutting edge radii, evaluates process forces, deduces friction coefficients and coefficients for Kienzle’s force model, and analyzes chip forms and thicknesses as well as built-up edge formation depending on the process parameters. The collected data, stored in pCloud, can support other researchers in the field, e.g. for recomputations within numerical models or inverse parameter identifications. The dataset includes force measurements, cutting edge scans, and chip images including longitudinal cross-sections of chips.
Winding process of fibre-reinforced thermoplastic tubes with integrated tape production through in-situ roving impregnation and infrared consolidation
Authors: Siegl Marco , Jungbauer Bastian , Gebhardt Jakob , Judenmann Anna , Ehrlich Ingo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces a novel method for producing fibre-reinforced thermoplastic tubes by integrating tape production and consolidation into a single operation. This innovation diverges from conventional methods by combining processes to reduce costs by using raw materials instead of organotapes, allowing customised material combinations and utilising residual heat from tape production. The new process uses carbon roving and molten low-viscosity PA6 granulates, processed through a new direct impregnation setup in siphon design. Key advancements include a high-speed impregnation module capable of up to 1 m/s with high-performance extruders, cost-effective infrared emitters for winding, and a powered consolidation unit with adjustable winding angles between ± 65° and ± 90°. Experiments demonstrate operational speeds of approximately 471 mm/min, with an optimal cross-winding speed of 354 mm/min due to the technical limitations of the laboratory extruder and IR emitter used. Based on the technical limitations of the current system, future improvements and methodological changes will be discussed.
Estimating the impact of social distance policy in mitigating COVID-19 spread with factor-based imputation approach
Authors: Huang Difang , Liang Ying , Wu Boyao , Ye Yanyi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We identify the effectiveness of social distancing policies in reducing the transmission of the COVID-19 spread. We build a model that measures the relative frequency and geographic distribution of the virus growth rate and provides hypothetical infection distribution in the states that enacted the social distancing policies, where we control time-varying, observed and unobserved, state-level heterogeneities. Using panel data on infection and deaths in all US states from February 20 to April 20, 2020, we find that stay-at-home orders and other types of social distancing policies significantly reduced the growth rate of infection and deaths. We show that the effects are time varying and range from the weakest at the beginning of policy intervention to the strongest by the end of our sample period. We also found that social distancing policies were more effective in states with higher income, better education, more white people, more democratic voters, and higher CNN viewership.
$$\alpha $$-z-Rényi Divergences in von Neumann Algebras: Data Processing Inequality, Reversibility, and Monotonicity Properties in $$\alpha ,z$$
Authors: Hiai Fumio , Jenčová Anna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe study the $$\alpha $$
α
-z-Rényi divergences $$D_{\alpha ,z}(\psi \Vert \varphi )$$

D

α
,
z

(
ψ
‖
φ
)

where $$\alpha ,z>0$$

α
,
z
>
0

($$\alpha \ne 1$$

α
≠
1

) for normal positive functionals $$\psi ,\varphi $$

ψ
,
φ

on general von Neumann algebras, introduced in Kato and Ueda (arXiv:2307.01790) and Kato (arXiv:2311.01748). We prove the variational expressions and the data processing inequality (DPI) for the $$\alpha $$
α
-z-Rényi divergences. We establish the sufficiency theorem for $$D_{\alpha ,z}(\psi \Vert \varphi )$$

D

α
,
z

(
ψ
‖
φ
)

, saying that for $$(\alpha ,z)$$

(
α
,
z
)

inside the DPI bounds, the equality $$D_{\alpha ,z}(\psi \circ \gamma \Vert \varphi \circ \gamma )=D_{\alpha ,z}(\psi \Vert \varphi )<\infty $$

D

α
,
z

(
ψ
∘
γ
‖
φ
∘
γ
)

=

D

α
,
z

(
ψ
‖
φ
)

<
∞

in the DPI under a quantum channel (or a normal 2-positive unital map) $$\gamma $$
γ
implies the reversibility of $$\gamma $$
γ
with respect to $$\psi ,\varphi $$

ψ
,
φ

. Moreover, we show the monotonicity properties of $$D_{\alpha ,z}(\psi \Vert \varphi )$$

D

α
,
z

(
ψ
‖
φ
)

in the parameters $$\alpha ,z$$

α
,
z

and their limits to the normalized relative entropy as $$\alpha \nearrow 1$$

α
↗
1

and $$\alpha \searrow 1$$

α
↘
1

.
Exploring age-related differences in the relationship between spatial and temporal contributions to step length asymmetry during split-belt adaptation
Authors: Monaghan Patrick G. , Murrah William M. , Neely Kristina A. , Walker Harrison C. , Roper Jaimie A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGait adaptability is crucial for meeting environmental demands, and impaired gait adaptation increases fall risk, particularly in older adults. While prior research exists on older adults’ gait adaptation, particularly in perturbation studies, the specific contributions of temporal and spatial adaptation strategies to step length asymmetry (SLA) during split-belt treadmill walking require further examination. This study fills this gap by evaluating how distinct adaptation strategies contribute to SLA in healthy young and older adults. 19 healthy young adults (20.4 ± 1.1 years) and 19 healthy older adults (68.3 ± 8.1 years) walked on a split-belt treadmill requiring their non-dominant leg to move twice as fast as their dominant leg. Repeated measures ANOVA investigated (1) spatial and temporal contributions to SLA, (2) SLA across gait adaptation epochs, and (3) rates of adaptation and deadaptation. Older adults displayed reduced temporal contributions to SLA compared to younger adults (F1,36 = 6.42, p = .02, ŋ2 = .15), but no group differences were observed in spatial contributions to SLA (F1,36 = 3.23, p = .08, ŋ2 = .082). SLA during adaptation and deadaptation did not differ by age group, nor did the rate of adaptation (F1,34.7 = 0.594, p = .45) or deadaptation F1,33.6 = 2.886, p = .09). These findings suggest that while older adults rely less on temporal strategies for gait adaptation, but maintain overall adaptability comparable to younger adults. Findings enhance our understanding of age-related changes in gait adaptation mechanisms and may inform targeted interventions to improve gait adaptability in older populations.
Effect of ozone gas exposure on drain current of solution-processed IGZO-TFT
Authors: Sasajima Hiroharu , Morimoto Takaaki , Fukuda Nobuko , Ishii Keisuke 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe drain current (ID) of indium gallium zinc oxide thin-film transistors (IGZO-TFTs), fabricated by spin coating, decreases even when they are exposed to ozone gas at a concentration equal to or lower than 5 ppm. The ID reduction rate increases when the film thickness and the firing temperature in the spin-coating process of IGZO layer decreases. In these samples, the peak intensity ratio of the O 1s X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) peak due to the OH group and the intensity of the infrared (IR) absorption band at 3000 cm−1–3500 cm−1 due to the OH stretching vibration increase. This indicates that OH groups within the IGZO film contribute to the ozone reaction mechanism. These findings are significant for developing high-sensitivity ozone sensors using a simpler process.
Summer evapotranspiration-cloud feedbacks in land-atmosphere interactions over Europe
Authors: Zhang Yikui , Wagner Niklas , Goergen Klaus , Kollet Stefan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLand-atmosphere (L-A) feedbacks are important for understanding regional climate functioning. However, the accurate quantification of feedback strength is challenging due to complex, nonlinear interactions and varying background atmospheric conditions. In particular, the role of cloud water in the terrestrial water cycle is often ignored or simplified in previous L-A feedback studies, which overlook the relationship between evapotranspiration (ET) and cloud water (TQC). This study diagnoses the interactions between $$\:ET$$, $$\:TQC$$ and its dynamics ($$\:\varDelta\:TQC/\varDelta\:t$$) under different atmospheric conditions by conducting correlation and a novel scaling analysis, based on a coupled regional climate model simulation. Contrasting correlation relationships between $$\:ET$$, $$\:TQC$$ and $$\:\varDelta\:TQC/\varDelta\:t$$ were identified, indicating the positive feedback between $$\:ET$$ and the dynamics in cloud water. Two types of positive scaling relationships between $$\:ET$$ and $$\:\varDelta\:TQC/\varDelta\:t$$ were identified by K-means clustering. The analysis shows a contrasting north-south distribution of the scaling relationship that is similar to the spatial distribution of energy-limited and water-limited $$\:ET$$ regimes, highlighting the role of ET regimes in modulating the $$\:ET$$ - $$\:\varDelta\:TQC/\varDelta\:t$$ scaling relationships. Moreover, the feedback strength and scaling relationship are affected by atmospheric moisture flux dynamics, providing remote moisture sources and altering dry/wet conditions. Our results highlight the role of cloud water in the atmospheric part of the L-A process chain and reveal the effect of different atmospheric conditions on L-A interactions based on the new analysis framework.
Cryo-EM structure of a natural prion: chronic wasting disease fibrils from deer
Authors: Alam Parvez , Hoyt Forrest , Artikis Efrosini , Soukup Jakub , Hughson Andrew G. , Schwartz Cindi L. , Barbian Kent , Miller Michael W. , Race Brent , Caughey Byron 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChronic wasting disease (CWD) is a widely distributed prion disease of cervids with implications for wildlife conservation and also for human and livestock health. The structures of infectious prions that cause CWD and other natural prion diseases of mammalian hosts have been poorly understood. Here we report a 2.8 Å resolution cryogenic electron microscopy-based structure of CWD prion fibrils from the brain of a naturally infected white-tailed deer expressing the most common wild-type PrP sequence. Like recently solved rodent-adapted scrapie prion fibrils, our atomic model of CWD fibrils contains single stacks of PrP molecules forming parallel in-register intermolecular β-sheets and intervening loops comprising major N- and C-terminal lobes within the fibril cross-section. However, CWD fibrils from a natural cervid host differ markedly from the rodent structures in many other features, including a ~ 180° twist in the relative orientation of the lobes. This CWD structure suggests mechanisms underlying the apparent CWD transmission barrier to humans and should facilitate more rational approaches to the development of CWD vaccines and therapeutics.
Surgical conditions in experimental laparoscopy: effects of pressure, neuromuscular blockade, and pre-stretching on workspace volume
Authors: Sterke F. , van Weteringen W. , van der Zee P. A. , van Rosmalen J. , Wijnen R. M. H. , Vlot J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Establishing a pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopy is common surgical practice, with the goal to create an optimal surgical workspace within the abdominal cavity while minimizing insufflation pressure. Individualized strategies, based on neuromuscular blockade (NMB), pre-stretching routines, and personalized intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) to enhance surgical conditions are strategies to improve surgical workspace. However, the specific impact of each factor remains uncertain. This study explores the effects and side-effects of modifying intra-abdominal volume (IAV) through moderate and complete NMB in a porcine laparoscopy model.

Methods
Thirty female Landrace pigs were randomly assigned to groups with complete NMB, regular NMB and a control group. Varying IAP levels were applied, and IAV was measured using CT scans. The study evaluated the maximum attainable IAV (Vmax), the pressure at which the cavity opens (p0), and the ease of expansion (λexp). Cardiorespiratory parameters, including peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and cardiac output (CO), were continuously recorded to evaluate side-effects.

Results
There were no significant weight differences between NMB groups (median 21.1 kg). Observed volumes ranged from 0 to 4.7 L, with a mean Vmax of 3.82 L, mean p0 of 1.23 mmHg, and mean λexp of 0.13 hPa−1. NMB depth did not significantly affect these parameters. HR was significantly increased in the complete NMB group, while PIP, MAP, and CO remained unaffected. Repeated insufflation positively impacted Vmax; ease of opening; and expanding the cavity.

Conclusion
In this porcine model, the depth of NMB does not alter abdominal mechanics or increase the surgical workspace. Cardiorespiratory changes are more related to insufflation pressure and frequency rather than NMB depth. Future studies should compensate for the positive effect of repeated insufflation on abdominal mechanics and surgical conditions.
Rückblick
Authors: Hilpert Markus 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag rekonstruiert chronologisch die einzelnen Entwicklungsphasen der angewandten Geographie seit der Gründung des Verbandes deutscher Berufsgeographen (VDB) im Jahr 1950, des späteren Deutschen Verbandes für Angewandte Geographie (DVAG). Zu dieser Zeit prägten v. a. Aufgaben der räumlichen Planung die Disziplin. Mit der Etablierung der Diplom-Studiengänge traten zunehmend praktische Handlungs- und Aufgabenfelder in den Vordergrund, die aber noch weitestgehend planerisch bearbeitet wurden. Erst mit dem Planungspessimismus gegen Ende der 1970er-Jahre wurden neue Umsetzungsinstrumente gefordert. Das aktive Management räumlicher Prozesse wurde in den 1980er- und 1990er-Jahren vielfältig erprobt, entwickelt und implementiert. Lange Zeit fand angewandte Geographie aber maßgeblich an Universitäten statt. Erst um die Jahrtausendwende etablierte sich nach und nach ein breites Berufsfeld für Geographinnen und Geographen in der außeruniversitären Praxis. Sie erschlossen immer mehr Arbeitsfelder und nahmen nicht selten auch Führungspositionen ein. Auch neue Themen (Nachhaltigkeit, Globalisierung, Klimawandel etc.) im gesellschaftlichen Diskurs unterstützten diese Entwicklung. Inzwischen sind zehntausende Geographinnen und Geographen auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt tätig. Ein typisches Berufsbild gibt es bei ihnen nicht, vielmehr sind die Berufsfelder sehr heterogen und dynamisch.