bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of close proximity pulse width modulation switching events on electric machine terminal voltages
Authors: Hewitt David A. , Sundeep Shubham , Griffo Antonio , Wang Jiabin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractElectric machines form an essential part of a wide range of modern systems. When speed control is required, the use of pulse width modulation‐based inverters is generally the solution of choice. It is also usual to connect the machine to the inverter using a cable. The combination of these three elements produces the potential for voltages which exceed the dc link voltage to occur at the machine terminals. Methods for predicting the terminal voltage exist; however, these methods assume that the pulses applied to the system can be considered as isolated, discrete events. The authors highlight an issue with this assumption. When a switching event occurs, it will cause a voltage disturbance in the unswitched phases of the system due to the mutual coupling between the phases. If a second switching event occurs within a short time of this event the resultant voltage will interact with the previous switching event resulting in a higher terminal voltage than would be the case for an isolated event. This effect can be problematic for insulation design if it is not considered. This issue is demonstrated, with the worst‐case scenarios identified and potential methods of reducing terminal voltage being proposed.
Collaborative deployment of multiple reinforcement methods for network‐loss reduction in distribution system with seasonal loads
Authors: Xie Yizhe , Xing Kai , Luo Lizi , Lu Shuai , Chen Cheng , Wang Xiaoming , Zhao Wenguang , Korkali Mert 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe integration of seasonal loads, such as cereal baking and aquatic‐product processing loads, often leads to significant voltage deviations and severe peak loads of the distribution system during specific periods, resulting in increased network losses. Traditional approaches for reducing network losses are becoming less effective and cost‐efficient due to the spatiotemporally uneven distribution characteristics of seasonal loads. To address this issue, this study proposes an optimisation model that collaboratively integrates mobile energy storage, switching capacitors, and tie lines to minimise annual network losses in special planning scenarios affected by seasonal loads. The deployment strategies of multiple reinforcement methods are thoroughly analysed, greatly enhancing the explainability and feasibility of the collaborative deployment model. Then, the proposed model is reformulated to a mixed‐integer linear programming model using the inscribed regular dodecagon approximation approach, thereby making it trackable for state‐of‐the‐art solvers. To illustrate the effectiveness of the model, case studies are conducted on a unique 55‐bus distribution system located in East China, which contains feeders with substantial seasonal variation aquaculture loads and with general loads. The effectiveness of multiple reinforcement methods is thoroughly analysed through detailed numerical results. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis of the investment budget is conducted.
Automated detection of exploding granules with SDO/HMI data
Authors: Ballot J. , Roudier T. 
Published: September 2024

Context. Exploding granules on the solar surface play a major role in the dynamics of the outer part of the convection zone, especially in the diffusion of the magnetic field.
Aims. We aim to develop an automated procedure able to investigate the location and evolution of exploding granules over the solar surface and to get rid of visual detection.
Methods. We used sequences of observations of intensity and Doppler velocity, as well as magnetograms, provided by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager aboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory. The automated detection of the exploding granules was performed by applying criteria on either three or two parameters: the granule area, the amplitude of the velocity field divergence, and, at the disc centre, the radial Doppler velocity. Our analyses show that granule area and divergence amplitudes are sufficient to detect the largest exploding granules; thus, we can automatically detect them, not only at the disc centre, but across the whole solar surface.
Results. Using a 24-hour-long observation sequence, we have demonstrated the important contribution of the most dynamic exploding granules in the diffusion of the magnetic field in the quiet Sun. Indeed, we have shown that the most intense exploding granules are sufficient to build a large part of the photospheric network. We have also applied our procedure on Hinode observations to locate the exploding granules relative to trees of fragmenting granules (TFGs). We conclude that, during a first phase of about 300 minutes after the birth of a TFG, exploding granules are preferentially located on its edge. Finally, we also show that the distribution of exploding granules is homogeneous (at the level of our measurement errors) over the solar surface without a significant dependency on latitude.
Paresis of the Oculomotor Nerve due to Neurovascular Conflict with Superior Cerebellar Artery
Authors: Kuniak Matúš , Šebová Anna , Kuniaková Marcela , Sameš Martin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background Neurovascular conflict between the oculomotor nerve and a posterior circulation cerebral artery is a relatively frequent radiologic finding; however, it manifests minimally clinically (by slower photoreaction on the ipsilateral side). Sustained paresis of the oculomotor nerve that arose directly due to neurovascular conflict between the superior cerebral artery (SCA) and the oculomotor nerve, and resolved after microvascular decompression, is extremely rare and has not yet been published.
Methods A 34-year-old female patient presented with an advancing ptosis and downward gaze on one side. Differential diagnostics ruled out all other causes of the oculomotor paresis. Magnetic resonance imaging showed significant compression of the oculomotor nerve by an aberrant SCA on the ipsilateral side. Neurovascular decompression performed microsurgically resulted in near complete resolution of the symptoms.
Results This case report aims to present a case of a rare clinical condition caused by a generally common anatomical variation. This variation proved to be the only cause of the patient's symptoms, which resolved after microsurgical restoration of the neuroanatomy.
Conclusions Oculomotor nerve paresis caused directly by neurovascular conflict is an extremely rare diagnosis. Microvascular decompression should be considered in these cases, if other causes have been excluded.
Genomic Landscape Features of Minimally Invasive Adenocarcinoma and Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Wei , Xu Hui , Tang Ning , Han Shuang , Shu Hongyan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background The widespread implementation of computed tomography has significantly increased the detection of small pulmonary nodules, including atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA), and invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC). Few studies have focused on the genomic differences between MIA and IAC.
Methods We retrospectively analyzed patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) who underwent surgery from January 2020 to December 2023. Patients were categorized into MIA and IAC groups. The mutation status of common driver genes was assessed using next-generation sequencing.
Results A total of 422 LUAD patients were included in the study, comprising 119 MIA cases and 303 IAC cases. MIA patients were younger and predominantly female compared with IAC patients. EGFR mutations were detected in 251 patients (59.5%), with the frequency of EGFR mutations increasing from 37.0% in MIA to 68.3% in IAC (p < 0.001). TP53 mutations were found in 108 patients (25.6%), with 7 patients (5.9%) in MIA and 101 patients (33.3%) in IAC (p < 0.001). ERBB2 mutations were identified in 23 MIA patients (19.3%) and 20 IAC patients (6.6%) (p < 0.001). Additionally, CDKN2A mutations were detected in 23 IAC patients (7.6%), while no mutations in this gene were found in the MIA group. Moreover, ALK and RET gene fusions were identified in 11 patients, respectively.
Conclusion ERBB2 mutations and RET fusions are early genomic events in LUAD, while TP53 and CDKN2A mutations and ALK fusions occur later. Genomic intratumor heterogeneity likely arises early, before invasive characteristics develop.
Adam Watson and international relations: a contemporary reassessment—introduction
Authors: Costa Buranelli Filippo , Stivachtis Yannis 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis is the introduction to the special issue 'Adam Watson and International Relations: A Contemporary Reassessment'. In this short piece, the guest editors outline the genesis, development, and purpose of the project, offer a rationale for the special issue, summarise the papers in it, and reflect on the importance of Adam Watson within the English School and International Relations canons.
上古漢語不及物動詞用為使動之條件與限制
Authors: Wei Pei-chuan 
Published: September 2024

抽象的
上古漢語的不及物動詞有使動用法的相當多，然而不論是不及物動詞用為使動的狀況，還是其用為使動的條件與限制，都還是有待釐清的，本文即是針對這些問題來進行探討。本文一方面對不及物動詞用為使動式的狀況給與了一個精要的描述，另一方面則從動詞與論元的屬性、句法的限制等幾點來探討不及物動詞在產製使動式上是依憑怎樣的條件與限制。本文還對上古漢語的使動式和表示致使的「使…V」式進行了比較，指出了二者間之異同。
International players’ perceptions of localization in their gameplay experiences
Authors: Hsu Hao , O’Hagan Minako 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Game localization is the complex industrial process of adapting digital games linguistically, culturally and technically, seeking to deliver a gameplay experience as close as possible to that of the original. Guided by Livingston’s (2018) Review Analysis methodology combined with thematic analysis, we tap into user reviews
of the Taiwanese game Detention (Red Candle Games 2017) in Simplified
Chinese, English and Japanese, to gauge and compare player experiences in relation to localization, and explore the scope of
review data for player-focused game localization research. Our qualitative analysis implicates culturalization as an impactful
underlying factor in shaping the gameplay experience, for which translation issues remain opaque. As long as certain limitations
are acknowledged, real-world data such as Steam user reviews provide an alternative source that is high in ecological validity,
offering promising scope for future player-focused game localization research towards enriching the international dimension of
Games User Research.
Design and fabrication of lithium niobate asymmetrical mode resonators toward C-band and Ku-band
Authors: Zhao Jicong , Sun Xinyi , Zhang Aoyu , Cao Yi , Lv Shitao , Sun Haiyan , Shi Quan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This work presents a laterally excited bulk wave resonator (XBAR) based on the suspended Z-cut lithium niobate thin film. In order to systematically analyze the influence of geometric structure on the performance of resonators, including electromechanical coupling coefficient (kt

2) and quality factor (Q), the pitch of inter-digital transducers and lateral reflective boundary width (D) were optimized via finite element analysis simulation. Besides, the XBARs with the broadband piston mode structure (BPM-XBAR) were further studied, and the transverse displacement was weakened after optimization, hence enhancing the Q value of the targeted mode. Consequently, the fabricated devices exhibited first order asymmetrical (A1) mode resonance at 5.87 GHz with kt

2 of 12.98% and Q of 218, a nearly 70% increase in Q value. The third order asymmetrical (A3) mode resonance occurred at 17.18 GHz with kt

2 of 7.91%. The above devices have the potential to construct large bandwidth and low loss filters toward the C-band and Ku-band.
MobilenetV2-RC: a lightweight network model for retinopathy classification in retinal OCT images
Authors: Yang Ben , Zhang Zhifeng , Yang Peng , Zhai Yusheng , Zhao Zeming , Zhang Lin , Zhang Ruiliang , Geng Lijie , Ouyang Yuchen , Yang Kun , Jiang Liying , Kuang Cuifang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Retinopathy is an important ophthalmic disease that causes blindness in the elderly population. As the global elderly demographic expands, the importance of the efficient ophthalmic healthcare system for pre-diagnosis cannot be overstated. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is considered the gold standard for ophthalmic treatment and diagnosis. OCT technologies and equipment continue to develop towards the intelligence and convenience for requirements of rapid diagnosis in the remote and poverty-stricken areas. Here, we proposed an improved MobilenetV2 lightweight model for retinopathy classification (MobilenetV2-RC), which incorporates spatial and channel reconstruction convolution and the improved convolutional block attention module attention mechanism into the framework. Not only can it effectively limit feature redundancy to reduce model parameters, but also enhance the ability of feature representation to improve classification accuracy. The parameters of the proposed model are only 1.96 M with an overall accuracy of 98.96%, which is higher 3.32% than the original MobilenetV2. Compared with ResNet18, InceptionV3, and VGG16_BN, the overall accuracy is increased by 4.6%, 6.3%, and 3.9%, respectively. The test results of UCSD and Duke open-source datasets are more remarkable. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithm has strong reliability and generalization for the accurate classification of retinopathy, and a greater application prospect in the intelligent diagnosis of ophthalmology and mobile detection terminals.
A novel method to evaluate insulation performance of SF6 alternative gases based on modified GIPF-Local properties model
Authors: Hai Bin , Wang Feng , Zhong Lipneng , Chen She , Liang Kaibin , Tang Nian , Li Li 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The development of structure-activity relationships emerges as a crucial strategy to establish the correlations between molecular micro-parameters and the macroscopic dielectric strength, thus markedly improving the gases screening efficiency. However, conventional prediction approaches have failed to characterize the molecule electronegativity accurately, resulting in inadequate prediction precision within extensive gas databases. To address this limitation, we have devised an insulation prediction method that incorporates corrections based on molecular local properties, including local ionization energy and local electron affinity. They enable us to determine both the electron acceptance and donation capacity of the whole molecular orbital electron cloud: a more accuracy assessment of electronegativity. Compared with previous method, our enhanced approach combined local properties with structural and general interaction properties function (GIPF) parameters. It has yielded substantial improvements based on an extensive database comprising 91 gases, as evidenced by an increase in the correlation coefficient from 0.848 to 0.969. Utilizing the modified GIPF-Local properties model, over ten potential gases were found and categorized according to their application. This innovative screening strategy provides crucial insights for exploration and design of new eco-friendly gases as substitute for SF6 used in high-voltage power equipment.
Optimized graphene metamaterial for dual plasmon-induced transparency in terahertz band with multifunctional applications
Authors: Chai Jinyuan , Lin Zefan , Kang Guoguo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes a patterned graphene periodic metamaterial structure, optimized using an improved genetic algorithm to adjust the position and size of each graphene strip, thereby achieving dual plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) effects in the terahertz band, resulting in extraordinary multifunctionality. The finite difference time domain method is employed to obtain the transmission spectrum, and coupled mode theory is used for theoretical analysis and verification of the dual-PIT effect. The structure exhibits multifunctionality: when used as a photoelectric switch, it achieves a modulation depth of up to 99.04% with an insertion loss as low as 0.16 dB by tuning the Fermi level. Additionally, the structure demonstrates excellent sensing performance, with a maximum sensitivity and figure of merit reaching 0.84 THz/RIU and 88.55, respectively. Furthermore, the slow light performance of the structure is investigated, showing a group delay of up to 0.5 picoseconds.
Carrier scattering and temperature characteristics of mobility and resistivity of Fe-doped GaN
Authors: Tian Liqiang , Pan Yike , Zhang Chao , Wang Nannan , Shi Wei , Li Cunxia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The electron mobility and dark resistivity of Fe-doped semi-insulating GaN (GaN:Fe) are calculated over the temperature range from 10 K to 500 K by considering the impurities compensation mechanism and majority carrier scattering. The temperature characteristic curve of the mobility exhibits unimodality and the curve of resistivity decreases monotonically with rising temperature. The carrier scatterings induced by ionized impurities, acoustic deformation potential, piezoelectric, and polar optical phonons are analysed. It is found that the mobility is determined by ionized impurity scattering, piezoelectric scattering, and polar optical phonon scattering in different temperature ranges, and the contribution of acoustic deformation potential scattering is negligible over the entire temperature range. Furthermore, the effects of concentrations of shallow donors and deep acceptors on the temperature characteristic curves of mobility and resistivity, the peak mobility and its corresponding temperature (peak temperature), and the mobility and resistivity at room temperature are discussed. Our simulation shows the calculation results agree very well with the reported experimental and theoretical results when the Fe-related level is selected as 0.58 eV below the conduction band edge. Understanding of thermal properties of dark resistivity and mobility can be useful for optimizing GaN:Fe-based electronic and photonic devices performance in different temperature regimes.
Dual-grating single-shot pump–probe technique
Authors: Yu Tianchen , Yang Junyi , Zhou Wenfa , Li Zhongguo , Wu Xingzhi , Fang Yu , Yang Yong , Song Yinglin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A simple and effective single-shot pump–probe technique is reported for studying ultrafast dynamic processes in various materials. Using only two commercial gratings, a large time window of ∼95.58 ps is spatially encoded in a single probe pulse, and single-shot time-resolved measurements are implemented. The time window in this single-shot pump–probe technique exceeds the maximum values in those reported works using the echelon or angle beam encoding strategy. The phase difference difficulty in the echelon encoding strategies is also overcome in our method, where a customized echelon is not necessary. The ultrafast dynamic processes of ZnSe and indolium squaraine (ISQ) at a wavelength of 650 nm were investigated using this technique for validation. The single-shot dynamics of ZnSe show an ultrafast two-photon absorption process followed by a weaker slow-recovery carrier absorption process. In the ISQ, a strong ground-state bleaching process is also observed. The transmittance of ISQ increases significantly after impulsive light excitation and maintains a slow increase until a time delay of ∼80 ps, which can be attributed to the transition from the Sn
state to the S
1 state. In addition, a comparison with the previously reported single-shot pump–probe technique highlights the advantages of our technique.
Two-dimensional tetragonal carbon nitride semiconductors with fascinating electronic/optical properties and low thermal conductivity
Authors: Tan Rui , Ouyang Yulou , Li Longhui , Zeng Yujia , Tang Zhenkun , Zhang Zhongwei , Chen Jie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Exploring two-dimensional (2D) tetragonal carbon nitride materials is significant for unlocking new physical properties beyond those offered by traditional hexagonal lattices. In this work, we propose three theoretically stable 2D carbon nitride monolayers with tetragonal lattices, namely T-C3N, P-C3N, and PH-C5N4. Electronic structure calculations indicate that all three monolayers exhibit semiconducting characteristics, with T-C3N showing interesting flat band features. Additionally, these three carbon nitrides exhibit anisotropic and high carrier mobilities and excellent light absorption capabilities in the visible-light and near-infrared regions. Meanwhile, the calculated thermal conductivity (

κ
p

) of PH-C5N4 is 63.9 W m−1K−1 at room temperature, significantly outperforming T-C3N (12.2 W m−1 K−1) and P-C3N (18.9 W m−1 K−1). Phonon scattering rates and Grüneisen parameters confirm the origin for the relatively high

κ
p

in PH-C5N4. Our study proposes three tetragonal carbon nitride structures with novel physical properties, which lays a theoretical foundation for the multifunctional applications of 2D carbon nitride materials.
Metal-only anisotropic impedance holographic metasurface
Authors: Meng Xiangshuai , Zhang Haoyu , Wu Tao , Wang Yujie , Li Yu , Ran Lei , Zhang Anxue , Chen Xiaoming 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a kind of metal-only anisotropic impedance holographic metasurfaces made up of periodic wavelength size-variable meta-atoms. The proposed meta-atom has only two metal layers, i.e. a upper patterned layer carved with cylindrical hollows connecting by a narrow metal cuboid, and a lower grounded layer. The two metal layers are separated by an air gap. The anisotropy of this tensor impedance meta-atom can be skillfully realized by simultaneously controlling the radius of cylindrical hollows and the orientation angle of the narrow metal cuboid. The relationship between the geometrical parameters of the meta-atoms arranged in different positions and the impedance strips with alternating light and shade can be directly mapped based on the integration of the holographic theory and the leaky-wave principle. For proof of concept, two metal-only anisotropic impedance holographic metasurfaces are applied to design linearly polarized broadside pencil beam and dual linearly polarized pencil beams with different radiation angles in the C-band. There is good consistency between the measurements and the simulated results. The satisfactory performance and ultralow profile metal-only structure with reduced fabrication complexity/cost make this proposed design a competitive candidate for space applications.