bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiplexed pseudo-deterministic photon source with asymmetric switching elements
Authors: Brandhofer Sebastian , Myers Casey R. , Devitt Simon , Polian Ilia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The reliable, deterministic production of trustworthy high-quality single photons is a critical component of discrete variable, optical quantum technology. For single-photon based fully error-corrected quantum computing systems, it is estimated that photon sources will be required to produce a reliable stream of photons at rates exceeding 1 GHz (Vigliar et al., 2021). Photon multiplexing, where low probability sources are combined with switching networks to route successful production events to an output, are a potential solution but requires extremely fast single-photon switching with ultra-low-loss rates. In this paper, we examine the specific properties of the switching elements and present a new design that exploits the general one-way properties of common switching elements such as thermal pads. By introducing multiple switches to a basic, temporal multiplexing device, we can use slow switching elements in a multiplexed source being pumped at much faster rates. We model this design under multiple error channels and show that anticipated performance is now limited by the intrinsic loss rate of the optical waveguides within integrated photonic chipsets. While the developed design does not achieve the necessary 1 GHz photon rate, we demonstrate design elements that could become useful when underlying technology improves.
A tree-ring cellulose extraction device adapted to radiocarbon analysis
Authors: Lin Pengyu , Zhao Yesi , Zhang Hongyan , Wieloch Thomas , Gu Yao , Liang Chenghong , Chen Feng , Lu Huayu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTree-ring cellulose is a commonly used material for radiocarbon analysis. Extracting cellulose is labor-consuming and several devices that enable batchwise extraction have been developed. However, these devices bear the risk of sample contamination. The present study describes a new device which improves upon two aspects of currently available devices. First, to prevent cross-sample-contamination, we redesigned the drainage module to enable independent removal of chemical waste from each individual sample funnel. Second, we added covers to the sample funnels to reduce the risk of external contamination. Cellulose purity (i.e., holocellulose) was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. Furthermore, accuracy of the radiocarbon analysis was confirmed by results of 14C-blank samples and samples of known age. In conclusion, while maintaining labor-saving, our modified device significantly reduces the risk of sample contamination during extraction of tree-ring cellulose.
High non-use of contraception among tribal and non-tribal women in North-Eastern India: alarming but neglected
Authors: Mog Mithun , Neogi Debasis , Srivastava Shobhit 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLimited evidence exists about the contraception uptake in indigenous tribal groups of the north-eastern region of India. This study based on the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) IV (2015–2016) reports aimed to describe the pattern and factors associated with contraceptive non-use in the tribal women of the north-eastern part of India. The study was a cross-sectional analytical study based on secondary analysis of NFHS-IV data. All women in the age group of 15–49 years from the north-eastern part of India were included. Data were extracted and analysed using modified STATA-14 software. The association of socio-demographic and economic characteristics with contraceptive non-use was assessed using logistic regression. The inter-group differences of population characteristics for non-use contraceptives were assessed by modified Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition technique using ‘Fairlie decomposition’. A total of 65,941 women were included, of whom 34,936 (52.9%) were tribal women. The proportion of contraceptive non-use was higher in tribal women. Tribal women with age at marriage above 30 years, Christian community, and women from Assam and Manipur state had higher odds of contraceptive non-use. The decomposition analysis showed that geographical variations, parity, and Christian religion contributed the most to contraceptive use disparity in the population. A huge gap was observed in contraceptive non-use among tribal and non-tribal women in the north-eastern part of India. The healthcare system must involve community representatives in designing context-specific community-based initiatives to increase the uptake of contraceptive use in these remote vulnerable communities.
The Beginnings of Wisdom
Authors: Lawlor Monica 
Published: September 2024

Two things prompted me to think a little more closely about the relation between fear and Christian belief; one was reading a book by Pfister on Christianity and Fear and the other was a growing concern with the extent to which fear seems to rule the lives of many Christians and provides an apparent contradiction of the love and freedom which are formally acknowledged as the keystones of Christianity. I have taken this opportunity to offer you the result of some reflection on the subject in the hope that in discussion we may gain some further insight into the meaning of the psalmist's words:The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom; a good understanding have all those who practise it.(Ps. III. 10).
Two Aspects of Liturgy
Authors: Sheppard Lancelot 
Published: September 2024

Despite the ‘liturgical movement’, the reform now taking place in the Roman rite, and the considerable efforts made by recent popes to render the Church's worship accessible to all, it would still be possible for an unbiased observer to form something like the following views about Catholic worship in the West, and particularly in English-speaking countries, in the latter half of the twentieth century.He would find in the first place a system of worship, with the text printed out in the liturgical books of the Roman rite, which had developed from the simple elements whose origins are to be found in the New Testament, the worship of the synagogue and the practice of the primitive Church; he would observe that by study of the history of these liturgical forms it is possible to trace the evolution of the various rites to their present complex form. Thus he would discover a highly developed system of worship which has grown up in the course of some two thousand years. On the other hand, he could hardly fail to observe from the celebration of this worship that very much of it appears to be totally incomprehensible to those using it. Not only the language (though that forms a considerable barrier) but other things as well could confirm him in his opinion.
The Angels
Authors: Stopp Elisabeth 
Published: September 2024

October is the month which the Church has dedicated to the angels, and it is also the month in which the daily public recitation of the rosary before the Blessed Sacrament is obligatory in all churches. A coincidence? Perhaps; but a coincidence, whatever the word may mean, which is worth looking into.Supposing our own recitation of the rosary has suffered some check, or has through our own fault become stale and wearisome like the prophet's valley of dry bones, then a consideration of the mysteries via the angels will perhaps breathe new life there too, as in the Mass, and prove a starting point for the quickened appreciation of our beads. For after the Mass, the rosary is the most important Catholic devotion, and if it is being neglected, then all is not well with us. The rosary has been called ‘the people's liturgy’—and that is the real answer to those unfortunate people who are irritated and distressed, and whose prayer seems to be altogether disturbed by the sight of the Mass-goer who is fingering his beads instead of turning the pages of the missal.
The Mass: Source and Centre of the Liturgy
Authors: McGowan F. A. 
Published: September 2024

Once the central position of the liturgy in the plan of redemption is recognized and when it is distinguish from the protocol of its administration (the rubrics), then it is seen, not as an end in itself, but the function of communication for divine life so that we, who come from the Trinity, may live by the Trinity and go to the Trinity. All definitions of liturgy imply its divine source, the Mass.The Liturgy is the official dispensation of the Mysteries of Christ. It is ‘the whole body of official prayers and sacramental actions whereby the communication of men with God is carried on in the Church', ‘the life-dispensing, life-preserving and life-restoring activity of Ecclesia, the mystical Christ'. It is the official distribution of Christ's life by which through the Church he communicates grace to individuals by means of the four inter-related parts: the sacraments, the sacramentals and ritual prayers, the Divine Office, and the Liturgical Year—all centred about an finding their source in the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass.
Eirenic Theology
Authors: Davis Francis 
Published: September 2024

It was Fr Henry St John who suggested the title. The term ‘eirenic’ has some advantages over the term ‘ecumenical, though the latter is of course the more widely used. ‘Ecumenical', if understood etymologically, and if understood otherwise than the word ‘Catholic', suggests that there is a theology which is general, over against a theology which is particular. In the context of modern conditions, that could mean there is a supradenominational Christian theology, over against sectarian or local theologies. Such a suggestion would be disturbing to the Catholic as being out of harmony with the divinely instituted unity of the Church.There is, of course, a possibility of adapting the principle here involved to Catholic theology. One can, and must, distinguish between the theological opinions of a school and the universal teaching of the Church.
Unity Work in Holland
Authors: Kreykamp A. 
Published: September 2024

In Holland there came a turn in the tide of the relationships between the Churches as early as the end of the first world war, though this war itself, unlike the later one, had but little influence on the religious climate in Holland. In the winter of 1919 the Dominicans of Zwolle started giving ‘conferences for non-Cathohcs’ in which they consciously abandoned the polemic tone for a quiet and objective explanation of the Catholic faith. On the Catholic side this was the first swallow which did not indeed make a summer, but at least announced it. Looking at it now it is easier to understand that the spiritual climate still had to change considerably before the age-old process of ossification in polemics and apologetics could be reversed.In Holland, if anywhere in the world, one has to reckon witn non-theological factors in the relations of churches and confession.
The Apostle as Poet
Authors: Pepler Conrad 
Published: September 2024

The true apostle must be a poet, and an apostle who is not a poet is no true apostle.In order to understand this claim, we may start by describing the would-be apostle who is no apostle. A Christian sets out to be an apostle for Christ. He joins a Catholic Action group or enters an Order such as that of the Dominicans who specialize in preaching. He begins to prepare himself for the work by reaching down from the shelves of the library large tomes of Christian doctrine and theology. He learns all that the Church commonly teaches; he delves into St Thomas's deep and precise explanations. Better still, he may con the gospels to discover what Christ himself taught. He will study, too, maybe in a course of apologetics, all the reasons against the faith that are likely to be brought up against him in his missionary activity, and he will discover, not merely ‘the answers’ as though every problem he met could be answered by his own wit, but, sensibly, he will discover the lines along which such attacks can be met and parried.
The Living Knowledge of Christ
Authors: Randag W. 
Published: September 2024

We live in a time of speed, and there is a truly frightening flight from thought, reflection, depth and all things that lie below the surface. For this reason, among others, this time of speed has become a time of action, and a time of action becomes in matters spiritual a time in which particular stress is laid upon the apostolate.The danger is that speed is valued more than rest, speech more than silence, action more than contemplation, and time more than eternity. For the layman especially the word ‘apostolate’ can lose all meaning unless it is the natural outcome of a full inner life. It is this inner life which still remains such a bewildering and unwieldy issue for him that the flight into social action may easily become flight from one's own problems. Perhaps the main difficulty lies in a lack of knowledge where there is plenty of good will. The knowledge we have of Christ remains like the negative of a photograph, lightless. It is not often realized that knowledge is a function of life.
The Old Testament And Modern Psychology
Authors: Elkisch F. B. 
Published: September 2024

That there is a connection between the Old Testament and Modern Psychology may seem a farfetched idea which has no foundation in fact, but both are related in Judaic roots.The Old Testament is a divinely inspired book written by Jews about Jews, whilst psychology is the science based on the ideas of a Jew—Sigmund Freud. Freud, who is generally accepted as the father of modern psychology, found recognition first among Jews, but when his method— psychoanalysis—proved to be successful in the treatment of nervous disorders, it spread beyond the small group of Jewish enthusiasts into the circles of Christian psychologists.It is no mere coincidence that a Jew realized the importance of psychological problems in the present world. Centuries of ghetto life had made the Jews extremely sensitive in their reactions to people who lived in freedom. The enforced isolation shaped their mentality into a set pattern different from that of the surrounding European world which was developing its own particular culture.
Seat of Wisdom
Authors: Davis H. Francis 
Published: September 2024

The Lord is my Light.’ These words from the psalm form the device of our senior University. Come back with me a moment to the early years Of the twelfth century. Come to Oxford, to the vicinity of St Mary the Virgin's Church in the High Street. A certain Theobald, a master from Normandy, arrives here with his own group of disciples. Later his place is taken by Robert Pullen and Vacarius of Bologna.In the second half of the century, there comes a whole migration of masters and disciples, driven back from Paris because of discrimination against their countrymen. Oxford was then an island town, surrounded by marshland and rivers, at the spot where the Cherwell joins the Isis or Thames: an important river crossing with easy access to London. The food supply was good, and it was in the centre of England's population.
The Foot of the Ladder
Authors: Elwes Cary 
Published: September 2024

It all begins with a conversion; properly speaking with a second or re-conversion.This applies to cradle Catholics and converts alike, at least to average normal people. The normal born Catholic is usually well content to use up the spiritual capital of baptism, as it were, and make his religion a reflex action rather than a conscious effort. This is not criticism but a statement of observable fact. To become active, to awaken to the possibilities and responsibilities of the religion he practises, a further jolt of some kind is needed, whether from within or from without. It is the same with converts. It does happen that entry into the Church will coincide with or cause the beginning of an intense and active spiritual life; but these cases are rare. (We speak in general terms and not of special cases, such as direct conversion to the religious life, which have nothing to do with the life of the laity—our subject here—and so are outside our scope.)From our own experiences and from those we have been privileged to hear of, it seems that this second conversion is necessary.
Type-directed operational semantics for gradual typing
Authors: YE WENJIA , OLIVEIRA BRUNO C. D. S. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The semantics of gradually typed languages is typically given indirectly via an elaboration into a cast calculus. This contrasts with more conventional formulations of programming language semantics, where the semantics of a language is given directly using, for instance, an operational semantics. This paper presents a new approach to give the semantics of gradually typed languages directly. We use a recently proposed variant of small-step operational semantics called type-directed operational semantics (TDOS). In a TDOS, type annotations become operationally relevant and can affect the result of a program. In the context of a gradually typed language, type annotations are used to trigger type-based conversions on values. We illustrate how to employ a TDOS on gradually typed languages using two calculi. The first calculus, called

$\lambda B^{g}$

, is inspired by the semantics of the blame calculus, but it has implicit type conversions, enabling it to be used as a gradually typed language. The second calculus, called

$\lambda e$

, explores an eager semantics for gradually typed languages using a TDOS. For both calculi, type safety is proved. For the

$\lambda B^{g}$

calculus, we also present a variant with blame labels and illustrate how the TDOS can also deal with such an important feature of gradually typed languages. We also show that the semantics of

$\lambda B^{g}$

with blame labels is sound and complete with respect to the semantics of the blame calculus, and that both calculi come with a gradual guarantee. All the results have been formalized in the Coq theorem prover.
Performance comparison of structure delineation based on image registration methods in head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Paitoon Komsorn , Watcharawipha Anirut , Tharavichitkul Ekkasit , Thongsuk Warit 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Propose:
To investigate the performance of image registration methods for structure delineation in head and neck (H&N) cancer patients.

Methods and materials:
This retrospective study randomly recruited 22 patients who had been irradiated in the H&N region between January 2016 and February 2024. The sample group included nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) patients. The treatment planning structures were delineated as images of computed tomography simulation (CTsim) and were set as the ground-truth. The latest CT diagnostic (CTdiag) image sets of these selected patients were imported into third-party software for delineation. The structures of CTdiag were delineated using an artificial intelligence method except for the target. The performance of rigid and deformable image registration methods (RIR and DIR, respectively) between these two image sets were evaluated using dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and Hausdorff distance (HD). The performance evaluation scores were also compared between NPC and OPC.

Result:
The DSC revealed a significant difference in all structures between RIR and DIR, whereas the HD showed no significant difference on the target and the larynx. In terms of a comparison of treatment regions, OPC appeared to sustain the greatest benefit from DIR.

Conclusion:
Image registration can provide the benefit of structure delineation, particularly when employing the DIR method. Although the DIR method may not offer a high degree of performance in terms of target delineation, it could effectively serve as a delineation guideline in this process.
Devolution and Social Citizenship: The Case of the Basic Income Pilot for Care Leavers in Wales
Authors: Prabhakar Rajiv 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In 2022, the Welsh Government announced a basic income pilot for care leavers in Wales. This article uses this policy experiment to provide an insight into the relationship between devolution and social citizenship. This article makes two claims. First, the basic income pilot is part of an approach the Welsh Government has taken over the past twenty years to expand the idea of social citizenship to include rights to money. This is justified by a principle of progressive universalism, but this principle also has a wider UK context. Second, the financial constraints imposed by the UK Government frustrates the extent to which the Welsh Government can turn such experiments into reality.
A growth curve model to estimate longitudinal effects of parental BMI on Indonesian children’s growth patterns
Authors: Samodra Yoseph Leonardo , Chuang Ying-Chih 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The global surge in childhood obesity is also evident in Indonesia. Parental body mass index (BMI) values were found to be one of the major determinants of the increasing prevalence of childhood obesity. It is uncertain if parental BMI during their offspring’s childhood significantly affects their children’s BMI trajectories into adulthood. We aimed to investigate the influence of parental BMI Z-scores on BMI trajectories of Indonesian school-aged children, with a focus on sex-specific effects. This study utilized data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey and tracked the same respondents over four time points, from wave 2 (1997–1998) to wave 5 (2014–2015). The sample of this study consisted of children aged 5–12 years in wave 2 for whom height and weight data were available. We utilized a two-level growth curve model to account for the hierarchical structure of the data, with time nested within individual children. Fathers’ BMI Z-scores in wave 2 had a pronounced influence (β = 0.31) on female children’s BMI Z-scores compared to the influence of mothers’ BMI Z-scores (β = 0.17). Mothers’ BMI Z-scores in wave 2 showed a stronger positive association with male children’s BMI Z-scores (β = 0.22) than did the father’s BMI Z-scores (β = 0.19). A significant interaction of fathers’ BMI Z-scores and years of follow-up was found for male children. As male children’s BMI Z-scores increased by year, this effect was stronger in those whose fathers’ BMI Z-scores were at a higher level. In conclusion, we found that parental BMI values profoundly influenced their children’s BMI trajectories.
Sarah and the Fear of Growing Up – A Case Study in School Psychology, Examined From a Psychoanalytic Perspective
Authors: Peiffer Christine France , Vlachopoulou Xanthie , Laimou Dimitra 
Published: September 2024

Abstract: The field of school psychology has existed for 70 years in France. Although the goals of school psychologists are numerous, the main purpose is to help children be happy at school in their learning and socializing abilities. Either through a complete psychological assessment or simple interviews, the school psychologist will try to understand a child’s symptoms and how they express inner conflicts. Here, Sarah’s case, a young and bright 8-year-old schoolgirl, is examined here through a psychoanalytic perspective. Far from being bored at school, which is the reason why Sarah’s mother consulted the school psychologist, a different issue was revealed through projective tests (Rorschach and Children’s Apperception Test [CAT]). Behind creative and joyful answers, hides Sarah’s fear of growing up and this is narrowly linked with the anxiety of losing her parents, who are both in frail health with overweight problems. The discussion focuses on the value of projective and creative tools to understand the child’s inner conflicts and will highlight the link between creativity and anxiety.