bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resolving the clumpy circumstellar environment of the B[e] supergiant LHA 120-S 35
Authors: Torres A. F. , Cidale L. S. , Kraus M. , Arias M. L. , Barbá R. H. , Maravelias G. , Borges Fernandes M. 
Published: December 2017

Context.B[e] supergiants are massive post-main-sequence stars, surrounded by a complex circumstellar environment where molecules and dust can survive. The shape in which the material is distributed around these objects and its dynamics as well as the mechanisms that give rise to these structures are not well understood.Aims.The aim is to deepen our knowledge of the structure and kinematics of the circumstellar disc of the B[e] supergiant LHA 120-S 35.Methods.High-resolution optical spectra were obtained in three different years. Forbidden emission lines, that contribute to trace the disc at different distances from the star, are modelled in order to determine the kinematical properties of their line-forming regions, assuming Keplerian rotation. In addition, we used low-resolution near-infrared spectra to explore the variability of molecular emission.Results.LHA 120-S 35 displays an evident spectral variability in both optical and infrared regions. The P-Cygni line profiles of HI, as well as those of FeIIand OI, suggest the presence of a strong bipolar clumped wind. We distinguish density enhancements in the P-Cygni absorption component of the first Balmer lines, which show variations in both velocity and strength. The P-Cygni profile emission component is double-peaked, indicating the presence of a rotating circumstellar disc surrounding the star. We also observe line-profile variations in the permitted and forbidden features of FeIIand OI. In the infrared, we detect variations in the intensity of the HIemission lines as well as in the emission of the CO band-heads. Moreover, we find that the profiles of each [CaII] and [OI] emission lines contain contributions from spatially different (complete or partial) rings. Globally, we find evidence of detached multi-ring structures, revealing density variations along the disc. We identify an inner ring, with sharp edge, where [CaII] and [OI] lines share their forming region with the CO molecular bands. The outermost regions show a complex structure, outlined by fragmented clumps or partial-ring features of CaIIand OI. Additionally, we observe variations in the profiles of the only visible absorption features, the HeIlines.Conclusions.We suggest that LHA 120-S 35 has passed through the red-supergiant (RSG) phase and evolves back bluewards in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. In this scenario, the formation of the complex circumstellar structure could be the result of the wind–wind interactions of the post-RSG wind with the previously ejected material from the RSG. The accumulation of material in the circumstellar environment could be attributed to enhanced mass-loss, probably triggered by stellar pulsations. However, the presence of a binary companion cannot be excluded. Finally, we find that LHA 120-S 35 is the third B[e] supergiant belonging to a young stellar cluster.
In Rekordzeit zum vollintegrierten OP
Authors: Kruse Dirk 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Modul-OP Wenn die OP-Kapazität eng wird, muss es schnell gehen, damit die Patienten auch weiterhin sicher versorgt werden können. Die
Ammerland Klinik in Westerstede entschied sich daher, zwei Modul-OPs zu bauen und diese mit dem ENDOALPHA System von Olympus auszustatten.
Dank der Modulbauweise entstanden zwei voll integrierte OP-Säle für komplexe minimalinvasive Eingriffe in nur elf Monaten von der Planung
bis zur Fertigstellung.
Die Anwendung von Imepitoin (Pexion®) bei Hunden mit furcht- und
angstassoziierten Problemen – eine Fallserie
Authors: Welsch Barbara 
Published: December 2017

An der University of Lincoln wurden 19 Hunde mit angstassoziierten Problemen mit dem
Wirkstoff Imepitoin in Kombination mit einer Verhaltensmodifikation behandelt. Unter der
Therapie wurde eine signifikante Reduzierung angstassoziierten Verhaltens beobachtet.
Diese Fallserie liefert initiale Evidenz für den potenziellen Nutzen von Imepitoin in
dieser Indikation. Imepitoin ist in der EU für die Behandlung der Epilepsie beim Hund
(Pexion®/Boehringer Ingelheim) zugelassen.
Effect of high magnetic field on the pearlite transformation of Al-containing steel
Authors: Xin Rui , Wu Kaiming , Zhang Guohong , Hou Tingping , Ma Guoyong , Qiao Wenwei , Zhao Huazhong 
Published: December 2017

Comparative studies were carried out on the effect of high magnetic field on the pearlite transformation of Al-containing high carbon steels under the furnace slow cooling condition. For 1.37Al-bearing high carbon steel, the amount of pearlite was only 6 ± 3 vol.-% without magnetic field, whereas full pearlite was obtained under a 12-T high magnetic field. For free-Al high carbon steel, no pearlite transformation occurred, whereas lots of bainite were formed under a 12-T high magnetic field. In addition, the interlamellar spacing of pearlite increased from 100 ± 7 to 112 ± 18 nm by the application of a 12-T magnetic field. It has been proved that the pearlite transformation of high carbon steel was promoted by high magnetic field and by the addition of aluminium. This is part of a thematic issue on Pearlitic Steel Wires.
Capital accumulation and capital controls in South Africa: a class perspective
Authors: Alami Ilias 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
The article analyses capital controls (CC) in South Africa in light of the historically and geographically specific social relations of production. It highlights the role that CC have historically played in reproducing particular forms of capital accumulation, and sheds light on the CC currently implemented by the state. The analysis draws upon quantitative data from the national accounts, descriptive data on CC from policy documents, and interviews conducted during a period of extensive fieldwork. The article makes three main arguments. First, CC have played a key role in facilitating the reproduction of essential capitalist social forms, namely the state and money, and have been instrumental in the management of class relations. Second, the concrete forms that CC have taken are inseparable from the historical-geographical specificity of accumulation and the uneven unfolding of crises and social class struggles. Third, working classes have had an active (though indirect) role in shaping CC policies.
Military corruption in war: stealing and connivance among Zimbabwean foot soldiers in the Democratic Republic of Congo (1998–2002)
Authors: Maringira Godfrey 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
This article examines the ways in which Zimbabwean foot soldiers engaged in military corrupt activities, stealing army rations from the trenches to resell in neighbouring civilian communities and Congolese soldiers in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The practice became widespread among and between senior and junior officers. However, this practice did not end with the war; rather it was carried over from the DRC war to the Zimbabwean army barracks. The article contends that the practice of stealing army rations was a deeply unprofessional practice. The article draws from life history stories of Zimbabwean former soldiers who deserted the army and are now living in South Africa.
ProbAnnoWeb and ProbAnnoPy: probabilistic annotation and gap-filling of metabolic reconstructions
Authors: King Brendan , Farrah Terry , Richards Matthew A , Mundy Michael , Simeonidis Evangelos , Price Nathan D 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Summary
Gap-filling is a necessary step to produce quality genome-scale metabolic reconstructions capable of flux-balance simulation. Most available gap-filling tools use an organism-agnostic approach, where reactions are selected from a database to fill gaps without consideration of the target organism. Conversely, our likelihood based gap-filling with probabilistic annotations selects candidate reactions based on a likelihood score derived specifically from the target organism’s genome. Here, we present two new implementations of probabilistic annotation and likelihood based gap-filling: a web service called ProbAnnoWeb, and a standalone python package called ProbAnnoPy.

Availability and implementation
Our tools are available as a web service with no installation needed (ProbAnnoWeb) at probannoweb.systemsbiology.net, and as a local python package implementation (ProbAnnoPy) at github.com/PriceLab/probannopy.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
HTT-DB: new features and updates
Authors: Dotto Bruno Reis , Carvalho Evelise Leis , da Silva Alexandre Freitas , Dezordi Filipe Zimmer , Pinto Paulo Marcos , Campos Tulio de Lima , Rezende Antonio Mauro , Wallau Gabriel da Luz 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Horizontal Transfer (HT) of genetic material between species is a common phenomenon among Bacteria and Archaea species and several databases are available for information retrieval and data mining. However, little attention has been given to this phenomenon among eukaryotic species mainly due to the lower proportion of these events. In the last years, a vertiginous amount of new HT events involving eukaryotic species was reported in the literature, highlighting the need of a common repository to keep the scientific community up to date and describe overall trends. Recently, we published the first HT database focused on HT of transposable elements among eukaryotes: the Horizontal Transposon Transfer DataBase: Database URL: (http://lpa.saogabriel.unipampa.edu.br: 8080/httdatabase/). Here, we present new features and updates of this unique database: (i) its expansion to include virus-host exchange of genetic material, which we called Horizontal Virus Transfer (HVT) and (ii) the availability of a web server for HT detection, where we implemented the online version of vertical and horizontal inheritance consistence analysis (VHICA), an R package developed for HT detection. These improvements will help researchers to navigate through known HVT cases, take data-informed decision and export figures based on keywords searches. Moreover, the availability of the VHICA as an online tool will make this software easily reachable even for researchers with no or little computation knowledge as well as foster our capability to detect new HT events in a wide variety of taxa.
Database URL: http://lpa.saogabriel.unipampa.edu.br:8080/httdatabase/
L-arginine and Arginase Products Potentiate Dexmedetomidine-induced Contractions in the Rat Aorta
Authors: Wong Emily S. W. , Man Ricky Y. K. , Ng Kwok F. J. , Leung Susan W. S. , Vanhoutte Paul M. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Background
The α2-adrenergic sedative/anesthetic agent dexmedetomidine exerts biphasic effects on isolated arteries, causing endothelium-dependent relaxations at concentrations at or below 30 nM, followed by contractions at higher concentrations. l-arginine is a common substrate of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and arginases. This study was designed to investigate the role of l-arginine in modulating the overall vascular response to dexmedetomidine.

Methods
Isometric tension was measured in isolated aortic rings of Sprague Dawley rats. Cumulative concentrations of dexmedetomidine (10 nM to 10 μM) were added to quiescent rings (with and without endothelium) after previous incubation with vehicle, Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME; nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), prazosin (α1-adrenergic antagonist), rauwolscine (α2-adrenergic antagonist), l-arginine, (S)-(2-boronethyl)-l-cysteine hydrochloride (arginase inhibitor), NG-hydroxy-l-arginine (arginase inhibitor), urea and/or ornithine. In some preparations, immunofluorescent staining, immunoblotting, or measurement of urea content were performed.

Results
Dexmedetomidine did not contract control rings with endothelium but evoked concentration-dependent increases in tension in such rings treated with l-NAME (Emax 50 ± 4%) or after endothelium-removal (Emax 74 ± 5%; N = 7 to 12). Exogenous l-arginine augmented the dexmedetomidine-induced contractions in the presence of l-NAME (Emax 75 ± 3%). This potentiation was abolished by (S)-(2-boronethyl)-l-cysteine hydrochloride (Emax 16 ± 4%) and NG-hydroxy-l-arginine (Emax 18 ± 4%). Either urea or ornithine, the downstream arginase products, had a similar potentiating effect as l-arginine. Immunoassay measurements demonstrated an upregulation of arginase I by l-arginine treatment in the presence of l-NAME (N = 4).

Conclusions
These results suggest that when vascular nitric oxide homeostasis is impaired, the potentiation of the vasoconstrictor effect of dexmedetomidine by l-arginine depends on arginase activity and the production of urea and ornithine.
Postdischarge Light-Intensity Physical Activity Predicts Rehospitalization of Older Japanese Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Miyahara So , Fujimoto Naoki , Dohi Kaoru , Sugiura Emiyo , Moriwaki Keishi , Omori Taku , Takeuchi Tetsushiro , Kumagai Naoto , Nakamori Shiro , Yamada Norikazu , Ito Masaaki 
Published: December 2017

Purpose:
Regular physical activity (PA) is recommended for patients with heart failure (HF). However, the clinical and social characteristics of older HF patients with low-level PA and the impact of light-intensity PA on 6-mo postdischarge adverse cardiovascular events are still unclear.

Methods:
Forty-one older patients who had been admitted because of decompensated HF (American College of Cardiology [ACC]/American Heart Association [AHA] HF classification stage C/D: 76 ± 5 y) were prospectively enrolled. Light-intensity (1.5-2.9 metabolic equivalents [METs]) and moderate-intensity (≥3 METs) PAs were determined by triaxial accelerometry for at least 7 d postdischarge. Six-min walk distance and 36-item Short Form questionnaire (SF-36) score were evaluated at discharge. HF patients were stratified into either the HFPA-high or HFPA-low group according to median daily PA. Twenty-nine older ACC/AHA stage A/B outpatients (HF-risk), who were at risk for HF but no symptoms of HF had developed, also completed these assessments. Clinical predictors for 6-mo postdischarge HF rehospitalization were assessed.

Results:
HF patients were anemic and less active. HFPA-low patients were less likely to engage in household work, took fewer steps, and had less light and moderate-intensity PA than HFPA-high patients. There were no differences in 6-min walk distance, SF-36 score, or left ventricular ejection fraction between HFPA-low and HFPA-high patients. Postdischarge PA, especially light-intensity PA, was independently associated with HF rehospitalization.

Conclusion:
Low volume of PA postdischarge, especially at 1.5 to 2.9 METs, predicts 6-mo postdischarge HF rehospitalization in older HF patients.
Pain or nociception? Subjective experience mediates the effects of acute noxious heat on autonomic responses
Authors: Mischkowski Dominik , Palacios-Barrios Esther E. , Banker Lauren , Dildine Troy C. , Atlas Lauren Y. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Nociception reliably elicits an autonomic nervous system (ANS) response. Because pain and ANS circuitry interact on multiple spinal, subcortical, and cortical levels, it remains unclear whether autonomic responses are simply a reflexive product of noxious stimulation regardless of how stimulation is consciously perceived or whether the experience of pain mediates ANS responses to noxious stimulation. To test these alternative predictions, we examined the relative contribution of noxious stimulation and individual pain experience to ANS responses in healthy volunteers who underwent 1 or 2 pain assessment tasks. Participants received 8 seconds of thermal stimulation of varied temperatures and judged pain intensity on every trial. Skin conductance responses and pupil dilation responses to stimulation served as measures of the heat-evoked autonomic response. We used multilevel modelling to examine trial-by-trial relationships between heat, pain, and ANS response. Although both pain and noxious heat stimulation predicted skin conductance response and pupil dilation response in separate analyses, the individual pain experience statistically mediated effects of noxious heat on both outcomes. Furthermore, moderated mediation revealed that evidence for this process was stronger when stimulation was perceived as painful compared with when stimulation was perceived as nonpainful. These findings suggest that pain appraisal regulates the heat-evoked autonomic response to noxious stimulation, documenting the flexibility of the autonomic pain response to adjust to perceived or actual changes in environmental affordances above and beyond nociceptive input.
Noninvasive Assessment of Intra-Abdominal Pressure Using Ultrasound-Guided Tonometry: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Bloch Andreas , Glas Michael , Kohler Andreas , Baumann Ulrich , Jakob Stephan M. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT

Background:
Intra-abdominal hypertension jeopardizes abdominal organ perfusion and venous return. Contemporary recognition of elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) plays a crucial role in reducing mortality and morbidity. We evaluated ultrasound-guided tonometry in this context hypothesizing that the vertical chamber diameter of this device inversely correlates with IAP.

Methods:
IAP was increased in six 5 mmHg steps to 40 mmHg by instillation of normal saline into the peritoneal cavity of eight anesthetized pigs. Liver and renal blood flows (ultrasound transit time), intravesical, intraperitoneal, and end-inspiratory plateau pressures were recorded. For ultrasound-based assessment of IAP (ultrasound-guided tonometry), a pressure-transducing, compressible chamber was fixed at the tip of a linear ultrasound probe, and the system was applied on the abdominal wall using different predetermined levels of external pressure. At each IAP level (reference: intravesical pressure), two investigators measured the vertical diameter of this chamber.

Results:
All abdominal flows decreased (by 39%–58%), and end-inspiratory plateau pressure increased from 15 mbar (14–17 mbar) to 38 mbar (33–42 mbar) (median, range) with increasing IAP (all P < 0.01). Vertical chamber diameter decreased from 14.9 (14.6–15.2) mm to12.8 (12.4–13.4) mm with increasing IAP. Coefficients of variations between and within observers regarding change of the vertical tonometry chamber diameter were small (all <4%), and the results were independent of the externally applied pressure level on the ultrasound probe. Correlation of IAP and vertical pressure chamber distance was highly significant (r = −1, P = 0.0004). Ultrasound-guided tonometry could discriminate between normal (baseline) pressure and 15 mmHg, between 15 and 25 mmHg) and between 25 and 40 mmHg IAP (all P ≤ 0.18). Similar results were obtained for end-inspiratory plateau pressures.

Conclusions:
In our model, values obtained by ultrasound-guided tonometry correlated significantly with IAPs. The method was able to discriminate between normal, moderately, and markedly increased IAP values.
Procalcitonin and Presepsin as Prognostic Markers After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Pekkarinen Pirkka T. , Ristagno Giuseppe , Wilkman Erika , Masson Serge , Latini Roberto , Laurikkala Johanna , Bendel Stepani , Ala-Kokko Tero , Varpula Tero , Vaahersalo Jukka , Karlsson Sari , Tiainen Marjaana , Mion Monica M. , Plebani Mario , Pettilä Ville , Skrifvars Markus B. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT

Background:
Patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest commonly develop an inflammatory response called post-cardiac arrest syndrome that clinically resembles septic shock.
Procalcitonin and presepsin are associated with inflammation. We hypothesized that these biomarkers reflect the severity of post-cardiac arrest syndrome and predict short-term hemodynamical instability and long-term neurological outcome after cardiac arrest.

Methods:
As a subcohort analysis of a prospective, observational, multicenter study “FINNRESUSCI,” we obtained plasma from 277 intensive care unit (ICU) patients treated following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Procalcitonin and presepsin levels were measured 0 to 6 h from ICU admission and 24, 48, and 96 h thereafter. We defined poor outcome as a 12-month Cerebral Performance Category of 3 to 5. We tested statistical associations between biomarkers and hemodynamical parameters and outcome with regression models.

Results:
Plasma procalcitonin had best predictive value for 12-month poor outcome at 96 h (AUC 0.76; 95% CI 0.68–0.83) and presepsin at ICU admission (AUC 0.72; 95% CI 0.65–0.78). Elevated procalcitonin concentration at ICU admission predicted unstable hemodynamics in the following 48 h in a linear regression model. In a multivariate logistic regression model with clinical variables, only procalcitonin at 96 h had independent prognostic value for poor 12-month neurological outcome.

Conclusions:
Elevated procalcitonin is associated with hemodynamical instability and worsened long-term outcome in OHCA patients. The association is not strong enough for it to be used as a single predictor. Presepsin did not provide clinically relevant information for risk stratification after OHCA.
Prediction of traumatic carotid-cavernous sinus fistula via noncontrast computed tomography by fracture pattern and abnormality of venous system
Authors: Mao Shih-Hsuan , Lin Tzu-Chin , Chen Chih-Hao , Chou Pang-Yun , Wang Shang-Yu , Wong Yon-Cheong , Chen Chien-Tzung 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND
Traumatic carotid-cavernous sinus fistula (tCCF) is infrequent but with high morbidity if delayed diagnosed or managed. Because of the lack of screening criteria and requirement of advanced and invasive radiological examinations, diagnosis is often delayed or underdiagnosed.

METHODS
A matched case-control study with univariate and multivariate analyses was conducted to predict tCCFs. Forty-six patients diagnosed with tCCFs were included and matched with 138 patients of craniofacial trauma without tCCF as control at a ratio of 1:3.

RESULTS
The diagnostic diameter of superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) in tCCF was 4 mm with area under curve of 0.89. In multivariate analysis, engorgement of SOV and cavernous sinus (odds ratio [OR], 35.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 13.56–104.84; p < 0.001) and lateral impact (ipsilateral temporal and sphenoid sinus fractures) (OR, 3.96; 95% CI, 1.10–14.91; p = 0.028) were identified significant, whereas basilar skull fracture (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 0.53–4.75; p = 0.300) and injuries to ocular nerves (cranial nerves III, IV, and VI) (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 0.38–7.88; p = 0.055) were insignificant.

CONCLUSION
Presence of SOV or cavernous sinus engorgement on noncontrast computed tomography and lateral impact were demonstrated as independent predictors to tCCF and warrant further radiological evaluation. Injury to ocular nerves is not predictive but as an essential differential diagnosis with reversible outcome.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Diagnostic, level III.