bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photodetector application of CuO nanoparticles on porous silicon fabricated by laser ablation in liquid at diverse laser energies
Authors: Abdulhasan Wasan , Rasheed Mohammed , Nayef Uday M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis and analysis of a photodetector made of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) embedded in a porous silicon (PS) matrix. CuONPs were generated utilizing pulsed laser ablation in ethanol (PLAL), while a porous silicon-(PS) substrate was created via photo-assisted electrochemical etching. An investigation is conducted on the optical, structural, and electrical characteristics of CuONPs/PS devices, with a focus on their dependence on laser energy. The X-ray diffraction analysis reveals the presence of distinct peaks associated with a copper cubic structure, demonstrating the successful synthesis of CuONPs that have been deposited onto PS. The study using field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed that the particles exhibited spherical form. The CuO-nanocolloids exhibited a linear relationship between laser power and absorption, and their surface plasmon resonance peaks were clearly visible at 570–590 nm. Band gaps of 1.70, 1.61, 1.81, and 1.90 eV were found for CuONPs produced at 500, 600, 700, and 800 mJ of laser energy, respectively, according to the optical characteristics. The greatest responsivity of the CuO-NPs/PS photodetector, manufactured at an energy level of 700 mJ, was 0.135345 A/W at 450 nm, as determined by the optoelectronic characteristics. As a result of combining PS with CuONPs, the devices shown in this work have the ability to function as highly efficient photodetectors.
Research on Numerical Simulation Methods of Cavity Wind Noise Based on Different Turbulence Models
Authors: Wang Ning , Yu Yuting 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In order to more accurately simulate the acoustic properties of the fluid in the cavity, this paper uses four different turbulence models, LES, Spalart-Allmaras/LES, Realizable/LES, model, to simulate and calculate the simple cavity, combined with the acoustic experimental data carried out on the cavity model, and found that the simulated experimental values of pulsating pressure from the SST-k-/LES model and the Spalart-Allmaras/LES model have a better agreement with the simulated experimental values of the cavity pulsation pressure, and the calculated sound pressure spectra obtained from the SST-k-/LES model are the closest to the experimental values.
Analysis of Water Production Factors of Gas Wells in Sulige Gas Field
Authors: Xie Qing , Li Jia , Ye Xiaochuang , Gao Jiaqi , Song Yifei , Hu Siwen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Sulige gas field, characterized by its low porosity and poor permeability, faces challenges in managing the complex gas-water distribution, which has become a growing concern as the field develops. This complexity, coupled with the varied and intricate nature of water production, has impacted the field’s efficiency. To tackle this issue, a study was carried out on water-producing gas wells within the field, examining the production mechanisms, main factors, and distribution patterns. The study found that in the field’s central region, the gas-water ratio in water-producing wells is relatively stable, with some wells yielding over 0.8m3 of water per day. The water sources include formation water, pore water, and water from the wellbore edges and bottom, as well as industrial water usage. Understanding these factors helps mitigate the negative impact of water production on field development and provides guidance for managing similar gas fields effectively.
Numerical Modelling of a Pulsating Flow Generator for Simulating Blood Pressure
Authors: Lin Zhenghao , Xu Ziyi , Zhang Zhongli , Jiang Houyong , Liu Chunguang , Xu Xiafan , Zhang Hongyang , Li Huiyang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Hypertension is a leading risk factor that deserves to be taken seriously, therefore researches on blood pressure measurement play a critical role. In this work, a liquid-operated pulsating flow circulation system with a bionic arm is set as a blood pressure simulator and a related numerical model is built to analyse the flow under different settings. The motion patterns of the flow generator and the medium used are two of the main factors discussed in this work. By comparing the pressure curves under different conditions and actual experimental data, the numerical model is validated, and so as to find the suitable parameters of the actual system.
Research on the Balance Axial Force of the Back Blade of Centrifugal Pump Impeller based on CFD
Authors: Chen Taoli 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
One popular way to decrease the pump’s axial force is by utilizing the back blade. In this paper, by changing the number and width of back blades and using CFD 3D simulation technology, the influence law of back blades on pump performance, pump chamber liquid pressure characteristics and axial force characteristics is obtained. By changing the number of the back blade and width of the back blade, this paper adopt CFD 3D simulation technology to study, get pump performance, pump cavity liquid pressure characteristic and the influence law of axial force characteristics. The results show that the pump head and power increase with the increase of the width and number of back blades. However, the efficiency of the pump gradually decreases with the increase of the width and number of back blades. The impeller mounted back blade can change the pressure distribution of liquid of the pump chamber, and affect the axial force of the pump. The size and direction of the axial force change with the number and width of the back blades.
Study on the Sulfuric-Leaching Kinetics of Germanium from Zinc Oxide Dust Assisted by Microwave Roasting
Authors: Wang Wankun , Wang Fuchun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Ge-bearing zinc oxide dust (ZnO) is commonly leached by sulfuric acid in industry, but the leaching percentage of Ge is only < 60%. To date, there is no suitable industrial process to address this problem. Thus, a novel process of microwave roasting followed by sulfuric acid leaching of Ge from ZnO dust is proposed to further improve Ge extraction from ZnO dust, and the kinetics behaviors and related theoretical models are studied. Results reveal that Ge leaching percentages are markedly increased by microwave roasting, the reaction kinetics follow the shrinking core model of the diffusion process of the solid film, and the apparent activation energy is 2.28 kJ/mol.
Perturbation of soil organic carbon induced by land-use change from primary forest
Authors: Zhang Zhiyuan , Lu Chengwen , Chen Jingyao , Li Sheng , Zheng Xuhui , Zhang Liming , Zhang-Zheng Huanyuan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The impact of land-use change (LUC) on soil organic carbon (SOC) has been a wide concern of land management policymakers because CO2 emissions induced by LUC have been the second largest carbon source worldwide. However, due to insufficient data quality and limited biome coverage, a global big picture of the impact of LUC on SOC is still not clear. This study conducted a meta-analysis on 288 independent observations sourced from 62 peer-reviewed papers to provide a global summary of the change in SOC after the conversion of primary forests into other land-use types. The conversion of primary forest to cropland resulted in the most severe SOC loss (−33.2%), followed by conversion into plantation forests (−22.3%) and secondary forests (−19.1%). Nonetheless, SOC increased by 9.1% after a conversion from primary forests into pasture. More SOC loss was found at sites with lower precipitation for primary forests converted to cropland and plantation forests. The SOC loss decreased consistently with increasing mean annual temperature (MAT) for all four types of LUC. Moreover, the loss of SOC tended to worsen over time when primary forests are converted to cropland or plantation forests. In contrast, SOC loss recovered over time following conversion to secondary forests. The gain of SOC gradually increased over time after conversion to pastures. To conclude, the changes in SOC are related not only to the land-use type but also to precipitation, temperature and turn years after LUC. Due to limited data, this study focuses on soil profiles within 30 cm depth, and future research should explore SOC dynamics induced by LUC at greater depths. Overall, cases of SOC loss of approximately 30% following deforestation were very common (except for conversion to pasture), and the results of this study show that the loss of SOC following LUC should be carefully considered and monitored in land management.
Transformation Pathways: Drumul Taberei Neighbourhood - a Positive Energy District?
Authors: Dragomir Ana-Maria , Papina Codruț-Lucian , Lazăr Adelin-Costin , Guarino Francesco 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Positive Energy Districts (PED) have surged in prominence amidst Europe’s ambitious climate targets and the fluctuating energy landscape, influenced notably by geopolitical uncertainties such as the Ukraine conflict. Aligned with European and national priorities, which emphasises the renovation of its housing stock as part of the Renovation Wave initiative, PED emerges as a viable solution for urban areas. However, the challenge remains in how PED can address energy poverty, promote renewable energy, and align with renovation priorities of the outdated infrastructures (including buildings). The KINETIC project addresses PED transformation challenges at the neighbourhood level by deploying an intensive co-creation process for identifying key transformation directions. The Romanian DEMO area (along with DK and IT study cases) is the Drumul Taberei neighbourhood in Bucharest Sector 6, a dense neighbourhood composed of multifamily buildings realised in the 60s and 70s during the communist regime. The area needs comprehensive regeneration and renewal initiatives. If proven feasible through mathematical modelled data paired with strategic integrated planning, the outcomes of KINETIC for the Drumul Taberei neighbourhood will be able to revolutionise the future rehabilitation project of collective housing districts in Romania, and beyond. The paper will outline PED transformation pathways stemming from initial co-design workshops involving local stakeholders. It will also explore collaboration and investment prospects between municipality-housing associations and NGOs. Given the privately owned housing estate and state-funded rehabilitation, the project will assess innovative models to meet PED’s ambitious goals.
Study on the evaluation of the effectiveness of centralized post-disaster housing reconstruction in rural areas of Dujiangyan city after the Wenchuan earthquake
Authors: Kabilijiang W , Wang C , Zhu P , Dong W , Hou Y 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Wenchuan earthquake caused severe damage to rural areas in Dujiangyan. Determining the reconstruction plan for farmers’ housing and unifying reconstruction opinions, while ensuring the rational distribution of resources, became a key focus for the government. As post-disaster reconstruction planning progressed and neared completion, comparative and innovative studies on rural land systems before and after the earthquake, as well as patterns of farmers’ housing reconstruction, became important research topics. Traditional studies lack empirical assessments of rural housing reconstruction models from a micro perspective. This paper analyzes and compares the resettlement effects of three typical housing reconstruction models in rural Dujiangyan, aiming to supplement empirical assessments of post-disaster rural reconstruction effectiveness. It reflects the impacts and effects of different reconstruction models selected through collective resolutions in typical towns of Dujiangyan, considering aspects such as development intensity, resettlement efficiency, economic income, and living environment. This analysis helps understand the differences that various reconstruction methods may bring to communities, aiming to summarize past experiences, optimize reconstruction planning and management, and enhance the satisfaction and well-being of disaster-affected people in rural housing reconstruction.
Integrating Nature-Based Solutions for urban stormwater management into existing urban fabrics
Authors: Chen Yu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Nature-Based Solutions (NBSs) have been proven to address urban stormwater challenges effectively while providing multiple benefits to the economy, society, and environment. Urban fabrics profoundly influence flood risk as the changes in urban form, land use, and building layout will affect the urban hydrological cycle, thereby altering precipitation and runoff. However, few studies look at the connection between NBSs and urban fabrics, which can contribute to urban stormwater management. This paper aims to categorize the general types of urban fabrics and consider NBSs as strategic interventions that can improve water-related issues and help to create a resilient neighborhood. This paper elaborates on some strategic approaches to integrate NBSs in existing urban fabrics at the neighborhood scale to optimize their response capacity according to the local conditions. The novelty lies in adopting a systemic vision to deliver a design toolkit that can be adapted to different conditions and with different typologies across the places and countries facing similar water-related challenges. In conclusion, this paper emphasizes the importance of understanding how different NBSs fit various urban fabric types, and future work is needed to provide assessment tools to evaluate the efficiency of different design scenarios.
Methodological Challenges in Aligning EPDs with Whole Life Carbon Limits for Buildings: A B2B Approach
Authors: Brisson Stapel Emilie , Balouktsi Maria , Grau Sørensen Christian , Birgisdottir Harpa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The environmental performance from the materials used in buildings is pivotal in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the building sector; buildings are in the top three of the world’s most significant contributors of GHG emissions and are responsible for one-fifth of the overall resource consumption. Alongside multiple countries enforcing legal GHG limits and requiring Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for new buildings, the availability of product-level environmental data, known as Type III Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) has increased exponentially. EPDs were originally used for Business-to-Business purposes but are now the main data source for building-level LCAs. However, this often comes with a large set of uncertainties, as EPDs are still evolving as a documentation approach, and not always readily applicable in the whole life cycle approach. There are a multitude of complex areas to engage into, this study focuses on how use-stage modules are documented in EPDs, and how varied approaches create further complexity and perils in relation to their use in LCA and regulations, in the sense of, potential leading to high uncertainties and wrongful interpretations. The study aims to address the methodological gaps associated with the use of EPDs as data inputs in legally binding LCA requirements particularly concerning modules B1-5, which constitute the embodied part of the use-stage. The findings reveal a significant margin of error if EPDs are not correctly implemented, underscoring the importance of the Business-to-Business documentation approach.
Digital workflow to support the reuse of precast concrete and estimate the climate benefit
Authors: Dervishaj Arlind , Gudmundsson Kjartan , Malmqvist Tove 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Concrete production contributes to around 8-9% of global CO2 emissions. Reusing building components in a circular economy can contribute to closing material loops and lowering CO2 emissions. When reusing concrete elements, it is necessary to have effective methods for evaluating their reuse potential. In this study, a novel digital workflow is developed to support the reuse of precast concrete elements by evaluating their lifespan based on carbonation depth. The workflow relies on automated retrieval of material quantities and information from a digital model. This model is then coupled with environmental data on construction products and calculation methods for CO2 uptake in concrete by carbonation. The remaining service life of concrete elements was calculated for a case study. For reference, CO2 uptake during the first service life was estimated at 4973 kg CO2 or 4% of the embodied carbon. Hence, the potential benefits of reuse outweigh those of carbonation. The presented approach supports the decision-making process when evaluating the reuse potential for concrete elements. The digital workflow can help designers make quick decisions concerning the lifespan and carbon footprint of concrete. The digital tool can be extended in future work with more parameters to evaluate additional sustainability indicators.
Sustainable practices in construction: Exposing the Potential of Waste as a Resource.
Authors: Daria Stuetzer M.A. , Essig Natalie , Kustermann Andrea 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper examines the critical issues facing the construction and demolition industry in the countries of the European Union, with a particular focus on Germany. It presents strategies for waste management and sustainable development goals in construction sector. The construction industry is responsible for a significant proportion of waste production, which underscores the urgency of addressing the impending waste management crisis. The paper highlights the necessity for the implementation of circular-oriented construction practices that prioritize recycling and the reduction of waste, aiming to improve the efficient use of resources in building design and construction. Using a real non-residential building demolition as a case study, the paper outlines specific steps to determine building materials and document demolition procedures. This study presents a variety of selective demolition strategies, with consideration of end-of-life scenarios for materials, including reuse, recycling, and downcycling. The analysis highlights the complexity of the demolition process, emphasizing the necessity for comprehensive evaluation methodologies. By closing the material cycle and prioritizing reuse and recycling, it is possible to achieve sustainable and long-term value retention of building materials. Additionally, methods such as life cycle assessment and material flow analysis for waste streams are introduced. The environmental impact of the demolition of the “Elementum” office building in Munich was analyzed and the CO2 emissions calculated, in relation to transport distances. Results were presented on the reduction in CO2 emissions due to the elimination of transport to landfill and the associated impact on the Life Cycle Assessment. By considering factors such as resource conservation, energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, waste generation and pollution, stakeholders can make informed decisions to mitigate negative environmental impacts.
Ephemeral walls for natural, flexible living
Authors: Gatóo Ana , Ramage Michael H. , Bakker Ron 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the feasibility of developing flexible engineered timber partitions using digital tools for adaptable and flexible housing. For the past decades, a shift in gender roles, an ageing population, new ways of forming families, globalisation and a population in constant motion, a rigid construction sector, and the way we design our cities are necessitating a change toward spaces that are adaptable to our changing needs. In order to address this need in part through flexible engineered timber partitions, extensive testing was undertaken to study the flexibility of timber through kerf patterns. These partitions folded through kerf hinges are modular, easy to fabricate, affordable, and can be placed anywhere within an apartment. Even more, as the partitions are considered a kit of parts designed to be disassembled, they can be reused in the future, promoting a circular economy. All the materials are natural. In the 21st century, with such technological advancements, the climate emergency, and citizens in constant motion, flexibility and customisation should be at the forefront of housing design.
Demountable structures: evaluation of a circular design approach through life cycle assessment
Authors: Trubina Nika , Lupíšek Antonín , Pešta Jan , Vlasatá Barbora 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The demand to reduce the use of raw materials, construction waste, and the negative environmental impacts of the construction sector is constantly increasing. New circular design strategies, such as Design for Disassembly, are intended to meet these challenges. Furthermore, circular strategies facilitate the easy and quick replacement of building components during end-of-life phases, as well as the efficient and waste-free deconstruction of entire buildings for subsequent reuse. However, building structures developed according to these strategies can have a higher environmental burden in the production or use phase of their life cycle. To confirm the actual environmental benefits of circular constructions, the paper utilizes the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method as a vital tool for the environmental evaluation of circular structures. As a case study, fully demountable and conventional masonry building façade systems with insulation are analyzed through a cradle-to-cradle approach over 2 life cycles. Several End-of-Life scenarios, as well as reuse and the benefits it provides, were considered during the assessment. Examining eight environmental indicators, the comparative analysis of linear and circular facade design approaches in the chosen case studies provides insights into efficient and environmentally friendly solutions.
Towards a national life cycle database: an LCA case study from the Czech Republic
Authors: Felicioni Licia , Trubina Nika , Růžička Jan , Veselka Jakub , Vlasatá Barbora , železná Julie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The building sector in the Czech Republic faces several challenges, including limited availability of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) data for building materials and products, insufficient market incentives, little institutional capacity, and some resistance from governmental entities. Therefore, this study also outlines the creation of an internal environmental dataset database designed to conduct Whole Life Carbon (WLC) assessments for 50 case studies. The database primarily sources Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) and generic data from the Ecoinvent database, which are stored within the OneClick LCA software (OCLCA). The Global Warming Potential (GWP) is calculated for the whole life cycle of each building, using the EU Level(s) methodology. As a baseline, the datasets for materials and products with the highest GWP values were used. A sensitivity analysis was performed on the main resulting hotspots to produce results for both the so-called realistic (average GWP values) and optimistic (lowest GWP values) scenarios. The application of this methodology is demonstrated through a detailed example of one of the case studies, within the framework of the INDICATE international project. This work represents a significant step toward defining a Czech national methodology for establishing benchmarks that can be readily used by Czech practitioners and practitioners.