bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invasive candidiasis in a pediatric tertiary hospital: Epidemiology, antifungal susceptibility, and mortality rates
Authors: Rodrigues Luiza Souza , Siqueira Adriele Celine , Vasconcelos Thaís Muniz , Ferreira Amanda Maria Martins , Spalanzani Regiane Nogueira , Krul Damaris , Medeiros Érika , Sestren Bianca , Lanzoni Laura de Almeida , Ricieri Marinei Campos , Motta Fábio Araújo , Estivalet Terezinha Inez , Dalla-Costa Libera Maria 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Invasive infections caused by non-albicans Candida are increasing worldwide. However, there is still a lack of information on invasive candidiasis (IC) in the pediatric setting, including susceptibility profiles and clonal studies. We investigated the clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory characteristics of IC, possible changes in antifungal susceptibility profiles over time, and the occurrence of clonality in our tertiary children's hospital. We analyzed 123 non-duplicate Candida isolates from sterile sites of pediatric patients in a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil, between 2016 and 2021. Data on demographics, comorbidities, and clinical outcomes were collected. Candida species distribution, antifungal susceptibility profiles, biofilm production, and molecular epidemiology of isolates were assessed using reference methods. The range of IC incidence was 0.88–1.55 cases/1000 hospitalized patients/year, and the IC-related mortality rate was 20.3%. Of the total IC cases, 42.3% were in patients aged &lt; 13 months. Mechanical ventilation, parenteral nutrition, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission were common in this group. In addition, ICU admission was identified as a risk factor for IC-related mortality. The main site of Candida spp. isolation was blood, and non-albicans Candida species were predominant (70.8%). No significant clonal spread was observed among isolates of the three most commonly isolated species, and 99.1% of all isolates were biofilm producers. Non-albicans Candida species were predominant in this study. Notably, clonal expansion and emergence of antifungal drug resistance were not observed in our pediatric setting.
Spatially–resolved gas-phase metallicity in Seyfert galaxies
Authors: Armah Mark , Riffel Rogério , Dahmer-Hahn L G , Davies R I , Dors O L , Kakkad Darshan , Riffel Rogemar A , Rodríguez-Ardila A , Ruschel-Dutra D , Storchi-Bergmann T 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We explore the relations between the gas-phase metallicity radial profiles (few hundred inner parsec) and multiple galaxy properties for 15 Seyfert galaxies from the AGNIFS (Active Galactic Nuclei Integral Field Spectroscopy) sample using optical Integral Field Unit (IFU) observations from Gemini Multi-Object Spectrographs (GMOS) and Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) processed archival data. The data were selected at z ≲ 0.013 within black hole mass range [6 &lt; log (MBH/M⊙) &lt; 9] with moderate 14–150 keV X-ray luminosities $\left[42\, \lesssim \, \log L_X (\rm erg\, s^{-1})\, \lesssim \, 44\right]$. We estimated the gas-phase metallicity using the strong-line methods and found mean values for the oxygen dependent (Z ∼ 0.75 Z⊙) and nitrogen dependent (Z ∼ 1.14 Z⊙) calibrations. These estimates show excellent agreement with ΔZ ≈ 0.19 dex and ΔZ ≈ 0.18 dex between the mean values from the two strong-line calibrations for GMOS and MUSE respectively, consistent with the order of metallicity uncertainty via the strong-line methods. We contend that our findings align with a scenario wherein local Seyferts have undergone seamless gas accretion histories, resulting in positive metallicity profile over an extended period of time, thereby providing insights into galaxy evolution and the chemical enrichment or depletion of the universe. Additionally, we argue that metal-poor gas inflow from the local interstellar medium (ISM) and accreted through the circumgalactic medium (CGM) onto the galaxy systems regulates the star formation processes by diluting their central metallicity and inverting their metallicity gradients, producing a more prominent anti-correlation between gas-phase metallicity and Eddington ratio.
Teaching mathematics for economists: partial results of the implementation of a study and research path
Authors: Benítez Velma , Parra Verónica 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This work emerges from the problem of the monumentalisation of knowledge. This didactic phenomenon, introduced in the anthropological approach to the didactic of mathematics, describes the school study of mathematics from an analogy with a visit to a museum. Mathematics is studied as if it were a work of art that is only available for veneration and has no other use than to be exhibited. This phenomenon is more acute in careers where mathematics takes on more of an instrumental role, as in the case of the training of economists. The aim of this article is to present the partial results of the implementation of a type of mathematics teaching known as research and study paths (RSP), carried out in the first year of a university in Argentina. This type of teaching is proposed to address the phenomenon of monumentalisation. The implementation of the RSP was carried out during the first 4-month period of 2021 (16 weeks), with a group of 35 students from a Mathematical Analysis course. This course is common in the training of professionals in Economics: Public Accountants, Business Administration graduates and Economics graduates. The SRP links Economics and Mathematics and its generating question is Q0: How much benefit do producers and consumers receive from a competitive market? The results obtained so far are promising, in terms of the generating power of the question and the concreteness of the study of mathematics in a co-disciplinary way to Economics. The group of students achieved relative autonomy in the use of mathematics, not only to solve problems but also to generate economic models, communicate and defend the results of their productions.
Pathophysiology and clinical implications of coronary artery calcifications
Authors: Saba Luca , Costa Francesco , Cau Riccardo 
Published: October 2024

Purpose of review
To provide a summary of current understanding of coronary artery calcifications (CACs), outlining the role of calcium in atherosclerosis to comprehend the clinical implications of CAC.

Recent findings
CAC serves as a reliable indicator of coronary artery disease (CAD) and it is associated with cardiovascular events. In recognition of its significance, recent global guidelines have integrated CAC assessment into risk evaluation protocols, highlighting its role as a noninvasive tool for evaluating and stratifying patients’ risk for cardiovascular events. Beyond the amount of CAC values, also, calcium morphology had been linked to cardiovascular events.
By leveraging CAC assessment, healthcare providers can effectively up or down reclassify patients’ risk and tailor preventive strategies accordingly. This comprehensive approach may involve lifestyle modifications, meticulous management of risk factors, and judicious use of preventive medications to mitigate the likelihood of future cardiovascular events, or withhold treatments in those without signs of CAC, to optimize resource use.

Summary
The identification of CAC burden and morphology through noninvasive imaging modalities can reclassify the prediction of future cardiovascular risk and serve as a risk modifier for atherosclerosis. These data underscore the utility of selectively using CAC assessment in both primary and secondary prevention strategies for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Carbon Footprint of Fluorinated Gases Used in Endothelial Keratoplasty
Authors: Borgia Alfredo , Airaldi Matteo , Kaye Stephen , Romano Vito , Dell’Omo Roberto , Gadhvi Kunal , Moussa George , Raimondi Raffaele 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to examine the direct impact on carbon emissions attributed to the use of fluorinated gases in endothelial keratoplasty (EK) procedures using gas tamponade and to evaluate the respective carbon footprint of different gas delivery systems used in EK procedures.

Methods:
In this retrospective, single-center environmental impact study, all corneal procedures using fluorinated gases between January 2021 and January 2024 at the Royal Liverpool University Hospital were reviewed and included. The CO2 equivalent emissions were calculated based on the mass of each fluorinated gas used, following the guidelines of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

Results:
Of 357 total procedures (160 Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty [44.8%], 118 Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty [33.1%], and 79 rebubbling [22.1%]), single-use sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) canisters were used in 278 (77.9%) procedures. SF6 canisters used in corneal transplantation emitted nearly 1.5 tons of CO2 over 3 years. The 30-mL canisters emitted twice the CO2 per GBP compared to SF6 15-mL canisters and 4 times that of C2F6 or C3F8 15-mL canisters.

Conclusions:
Fluorinated gas use in corneal transplantation has a significant environmental impact, which can be reduced by the use of smaller single-use canisters with lower carbon footprint, although manufacturing and disposal concerns remain. Our findings advocate for a more environmentally conscious approach to EK, favoring the use of smaller, more cost-efficient canisters and considering air as an alternative tamponade where possible.
Meningeal KATP channels contribute to behavioral responses in preclinical migraine models
Authors: Mei Hao-Ruei , Lam Myan , Kulkarni Shrivatsa Ravindra , Ashina Håkan , Ashina Messoud , Dussor Gregory 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Human experimental studies have shown that levcromakalim, an ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel opener, induces migraine attacks in people with migraine but not in healthy volunteers. However, the exact site of action for KATP channels in migraine pathophysiology remains unclear. This study investigates the role of these channels in the meninges in eliciting behavioral hypersensitivity responses in mice. The effects of KATP channel signaling were assessed using preclinical migraine models induced by repetitive stress or dural stimulation. Prolactin, CGRP, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and KATP channel openers or blockers were administered systemically or onto the dura of mice followed by behavioral testing using periorbital von Frey or facial grimace measurements. Repetitive stress sensitized mice to a normally subthreshold systemic dose of levcromakalim. The KATP blocker glibenclamide significantly reduced responses to systemic SNP following repetitive stress. In naive mice, direct dural application of levcromakalim or SNP elicited periorbital hypersensitivity. Responses to dural levcromakalim were inhibited by coinjection with glibenclamide or sumatriptan. By contrast, injection of levcromakalim in the periorbital skin did not induce hypersensitivity. Moreover, repetitive stress sensitized mice to dural injection of normally subthreshold doses of levcromakalim or SNP. Finally, dural coinjection of glibenclamide inhibited periorbital hypersensitivity induced by CGRP or prolactin in female mice. These studies demonstrate that the meninges can be one site of action for the migraine-triggering effects of KATP channel openers. They also show that NO donors, CGRP, and prolactin can produce behavioral hypersensitivity through opening of KATP channels in the meninges.
Promoting Safer Opioid Practices and Professional Collaboration Through Interprofessional Simulation
Authors: Fasolka Brian , Robertiello Gina N. , Knapp Michelle , Latimer Beth , Roitman Janna 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Simulation-enhanced interprofessional education is widely viewed as an effective teaching pedagogy to foster effective communication and teamwork for healthcare students. Pharmacists and registered nurses must learn to work collaboratively during their educational programs in order to be prepared for the complexities of modern healthcare. This study evaluated prelicensure pharmacy and prelicensure nursing students' perceptions of professional collaboration before and after caring for a standardized patient exhibiting opioid dependence secondary to inappropriate use of an opioid analgesic. Statistically significant gains in communication, collaboration, roles and responsibilities, patient-centered care, conflict management, and team functioning were measured for both pharmacy and nursing students after the interprofessional simulation. This study adds to the existing evidence that suggests simulation-enhanced interprofessional education is an effective teaching strategy; however, this study demonstrates its usefulness for students learning about safer opioid analgesic practices.
Improving Linkage for Patients With Injection-Drug-Use-Related Endocarditis and Osteomyelitis to Medications for Opioid Use Disorder Through a Telephone Intervention
Authors: Harris Cheyenne , Roy Payel Jhoom , Mitchell Ann M. , Anderson Maighdlin W. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The opioid overdose crisis has continued to worsen, with a concomitant increase in serious injection-related infections, such as endocarditis and osteomyelitis. Usual care of these infections involves long-term intravenous antibiotics, typically administered via a peripherally inserted central venous catheter (PICC) at home. In patients with a history of opioid use disorder who inject drugs, a PICC has long been viewed as a high-risk intervention that may contribute to illicit substance use due to ease of venous access; thus, providers are often uncomfortable discharging these patients home to complete their antibiotics. As a result, many patients remain hospitalized or are discharge to skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) in order to complete their antibiotics. Challenges to this model include difficulty finding SNFs that will accept these patients, inability for these SNFs to continue their medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD), and inability to coordinate care with outpatient MOUD providers at SNF discharge. This quality improvement project sought to increase linkage to outpatient MOUD on SNF discharge via a telephone intervention. A total of 11 patients qualified for this intervention. Although patients were still in an SNF, 4/7 (57.1%) of patients were successfully contacted. Once they were discharged from the SNF, only 3/10 (30.0%) of patients were successfully reached. Of those 30.0% who were contacted, all of them had attended their outpatient MOUD appointment. We suggest that future linkage interventions in this population may benefit from utilizing existing care team members to facilitate linkage, to maximize the rapport built during an inpatient stay.
The Effect of Addiction Course on Nursing Students' Stigmatizing Attitudes Toward Individuals With Substance Use Disorder
Authors: Aşık Elif 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The approach of nursing department students who will practice the nursing profession in the future, which they adopt for individuals with addiction, bears importance. This study was conducted to evaluate the changes in stigmatizing attitudes of nursing students who took the addiction course toward individuals with substance use disorder.

Method
The study was conducted in a single group in a pretest–posttest order. Necessary approvals (institution and ethics committee) were obtained to carry out the study. The study sample was made up of 76 students who took an addiction course in the 2020–2021 academic year and who agreed to participate in the research. A questionnaire form and the Alcohol and Substance Addiction Stigmatizing Attitudes Scale were used as data collection tools. Cronbach's alpha value of the scale was found as 0.90. In addition to descriptive statistics, the paired sample t test was used in the analysis of the data from the dependent groups.

Results
The mean age of the participating students was 21.2 ± 0.73 years, and 93.4% were female. In the pretest, 10 (13.2%) students reported that they smoked, and seven students (9.2%) reported that they used alcohol. There were no individuals who used any substance other than cigarette or alcohol in the sample. The mean score of the students on the Alcohol and Substance Addiction Stigmatizing Attitudes Scale was 13.89 ± 5.16 in the pretest and 7.34 ± 5.51 in the posttest. This difference was found as statistically significant (p < .01).

Conclusions
It was established in this study that the addiction course reduced the stigmatizing attitudes of nursing students toward individuals with substance use disorder.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy following liver transplantation: A multicenter cohort study
Authors: Matar Abraham J. , Keiler James , Bolognese Alexandra C. , Cimeno Arielle , Whitmore Colin , Wehrle Chase J. , Aucejo Federico , Fedorova Ekaterina , Aufhauser David , Subramanian Ram , Kazimi Marwan M. , Maharaj Valmiki , Aby Elizabeth S. , Magliocca Joseph , Kim Steven C. 
Published: October 2024

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is an acute, stress-mediated, reversible cardiomyopathy that occurs in the absence of hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease. We aimed to investigate the characteristics and outcomes of patients who developed TCM following liver transplantation (LT) in a multicenter study. Adult patients from 6 centers across the United States who developed TCM according to Mayo Clinic criteria following LT between 2008 and 2023 were included. Demographics, perioperative and long-term outcomes, and treatment modalities were assessed. Fifty-five patients were included. The center incidence of TCM ranged from 0.1% to 0.5%. The majority were female (54.5%) and Caucasian (87.2%), and the median age at transplant was 59 years. The primary etiologies for LT were alcohol-associated cirrhosis (49.1%) and metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease cirrhosis (21.8%). The median time from LT to TCM diagnosis was 4 days. TCM was associated with a 60.9% reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from a pretransplant median LVEF of 64.0%–25.0%. The most common treatment for TCM was diuretics (67.3%) and afterload reduction (54.5%), with only 27.3% of patients requiring vasopressor support. At a median follow-up of 31.5 months, 1-year and 3-year overall survivals (OSs) were 86.3% and 69.4%, respectively. A repeat echocardiogram performed at a median of 84 days demonstrated that 45/55 patients (81.8%) had recovered LVEF ≥50%. Patients with LVEF recovery to ≥50% had significantly improved OS compared to those without LVEF recovery >50% (106.4 vs. 12.2 mo, p= 0.001). TCM following LT is associated with a significant reduction in LVEF; however, the majority of patients recover LVEF to >50% with minimal perioperative mortality. Importantly, follow-up assessment of LVEF has significant implications as lack of recovery is associated with worse OS.
68Ga-FAPI PET in Visualizing Acute Ischemic Stroke at Risk of Hemorrhagic Transformation
Authors: Kim Jahae , Park Hye-Jin , Cho Sang-Geon , Park Ki-Seong , Choi Kang-Ho 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Hemorrhagic transformation is a serious complication of ischemic stroke, which occurs at a rate of between 18% and 42%. 68Ga-FAPI PET can visualize acute cerebral infarction at risk of hemorrhagic transformation in the brain. We report a case of 68Ga-FAPI PET imaging in a patient with recurrent ischemic stroke. 68Ga-FAPI PET imaging revealed FAPI uptake in acute ischemic stroke with hemorrhagic transformation, but did not in some acute infarction and chronic infarction without hemorrhagic transformation. These findings suggest potential role of 68Ga-FAPI PET in the evaluation of acute ischemic stroke with the risk of hemorrhagic transformation.
Multiple Myeloma Presented With Testicular Involvement at Initial Diagnosis on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Filizoglu Nuh , Kesim Selin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Extramedullary involvement is a rare presentation of multiple myeloma (MM), and testicular involvement is even rarer. Testicular involvement associated with poor prognosis and orchiectomy is necessary for definitive diagnosis. Although 18F-FDG PET/CT is well-known for its ability to detect extramedullary involvement and assess treatment response in MM, testicular involvement of MM on 18F-FDG PET/CT at initial diagnosis has not yet been reported. Herein, we present a rare case of MM with testicular involvement at initial diagnosis.
The Effects of the COVID-19 Mask Mandate on Complication Rates in Postmastectomy Tissue Expansion
Authors: Braswell Ann Carol , Bald Madeline , Fonseca Gabriela , Soto Edgar , Fang Hua Amanda , Patcha Prasanth 
Published: October 2024

Introduction
Tissue expansion is a commonly used breast reconstructive strategy. Although the procedure is regarded as safe, tissue expander to implant-based breast reconstruction is reported to have the highest rates of postoperative infection among plastic surgery operations. During the COVID-19 pandemic, face masks were required at all hospital facilities at our institution. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of COVID-19 mask mandate on in-office breast tissue expansion procedures.

Methods
An institutional review board–approved, retrospective review was completed on all patients who underwent unilateral or bilateral tissue expansion following mastectomy at a single institution in 2017 (prior to the COVID-19 mask mandate) and 2021 (following implementation of the mandate). Variables included were demographics, procedure information, and postoperative outcomes.

Results
The analysis included 118 patients in the premandate group and 147 patients in the postmandate group. There was no difference in age, body mass index, smoking status, or diabetes mellitus between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). More patients in the postmandate group underwent bilateral reconstruction as opposed to unilateral when compared with the premandate group (70.7% vs 55.9%, P = 0.014). There were no differences in major complication rate (26.3% vs 30.6%, P = 0.495) or minor complication rate 30.5% vs 26.5%, P = 0.495) between the pre–mask and post–mask mandate groups.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrated that the use of face masks did not play a significant role in complication rates relating to in-office tissue expansion procedures. It remains up to the discretion and comfortability of the provider if masks should be worn during the procedure.
Migraine/Headache “Tender Spots” Represent Referred Pain From Nerve Compression/Neuromas and Are Not “Trigger Points”
Authors: Cheng Jonathan , Dellon A Lee 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
To minimize confusion in description of the clinical examination of the patient with migraine/headaches and implement peripheral nerve concepts into the surgical approach to treating the patient with migraines, the historical origin of the phrase “trigger point” is explored. The symptoms of migraine/headache are due to stimulation of the cranial/peripheral nerve being interpreted as due to stimulation of the meningeal innervation. Use of the phrase “extraction of trigger points” is discouraged in favor of either neurolysis of a compressed nerve or resection of a neuroma, depending upon the peripheral nerve pathology.