bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extended and treatment‐oriented classification of parotid duct stenosis
Authors: Koch Michael , Iro Heinrich 
Published: June 2016

Objectives/HypothesisTo provide an extended and treatment‐oriented classification of parotid duct stenosis that might be useful in the management of this condition.Study DesignRetrospective study in a tertiary referral center.MethodsA total of 550 symptomatic stenoses of the parotid gland excretory duct in 445 patients were analyzed. Sialendoscopy was performed with semirigid endoscopes. The tissue quality, location, grade of luminal narrowing, and length and number of the stenoses were assessed.ResultsInflammation‐dominant stenosis (type 1) was found in 8.9% of the patients, web‐associated fibrous stenosis (type 2) in 19.5%, and fibrous (type 3) in 71.6%. Multiple stenoses (≥3) were found in 2.8% of patients, and bilateral stenoses in 11.9%. Type 1 stenoses differed significantly from type 3 stenoses, with lower grades. Type 3 stenoses showed significantly higher grades of luminal narrowing than the other two types (P = .0001). Type 2 stenoses were significantly shorter in comparison with the other two types (P = .0001). Multiple stenoses were observed significantly more often in type 2 than in type 3 stenoses (P = .0001). Due to these differences, the type of stenosis appears to be the most important criterion in the treatment‐oriented classification.ConclusionsSignificant differences between the different stenoses were observed. Type 1 stenosis may be considered as a precursor of type 3 stenosis, but type 2 stenosis showed significantly different characteristics. The differences prescribed in this classification may be helpful in the management of parotid duct stenoses.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 2016 127:366–371, 2017
Smoking cessation is associated with improved survival in oropharynx cancer treated by chemoradiation
Authors: Platek Alexis J. , Jayaprakash Vijayvel , Merzianu Mihai , Platek Mary E. , Cohan David M. , Hicks Wesley L. , Marimuthu Sathiya P. , Winslow Timothy B. , Gupta Vishal , Arshad Hassan , Kuriakose Moni A. , Dibaj Shiva , Marshall James R. , Reid Mary E. , Warren Graham W. , Singh Anurag K. 
Published: June 2016

Objectives/HypothesisThe effect of smoking and human papillomavirus (HPV) on overall survival (OS) of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) patients undergoing concurrent chemotherapy (CCRT) remains unclear.Study DesignRetrospective review.MethodsClinical characteristics of OPSCC patients treated between 2008 and 2015 with CCRT were abstracted from medical records. OS curves and multivariate cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) were examined.ResultsOf 120 evaluable patients, 71% had HPV+ tumors. Median follow‐up duration for the entire cohort was 41.5 months (range = 6–88 months). HPV+ current smokers experienced significantly worse 5‐year OS (73% alive vs. 36% alive, P = .01) and there was a similar trend in HPV− current smokers (66% alive vs. 31% alive, P = .28) compared to former/never smokers undergoing CCRT. In a multivariate cox proportional hazard model adjusted for age, gender, and overall tumor stage, HPV+ current smokers experienced nearly a fourfold increase in overall mortality in comparison to HPV+ never/former smokers (HR = 3.68, 95% CI = 1.35‐10.0). Similarly, current smokers with HPV− tumors (HR = 6.80, 95% CI = 1.11‐41.67) had increased mortality compared to never/former smokers.ConclusionsCurrent smoking is associated with poor prognosis, independent of HPV status, in CCRT‐treated OPSCC patients. Current smoking produced an approximately four‐ to sevenfold increase in risk of mortality for HPV+ and HPV− patients, respectively. Regardless of pack years and HPV status, efforts should be made to achieve smoking cessation before CCRT.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 126:2733–2738, 2016
Cochlear implantation for single‐sided deafness: A multicenter study
Authors: Sladen Douglas P. , Frisch Christopher D. , Carlson Matthew L. , Driscoll Colin L.W. , Torres Jennifer H. , Zeitler Daniel M. 
Published: June 2016

Objectives/HypothesisTo report the preliminary outcomes of patients with single‐sided deafness and asymmetric hearing loss undergoing cochlear implantation at two centers.Study DesignRetrospective review and prospective data collection.MethodsPatients with single‐sided deafness who underwent cochlear implantation at two centers were included. Pre‐ and postoperative measures included monosyllabic word and sentence recognition in quiet for the ear implanted, and sentence recognition in noise in the best‐aided bilateral condition.ResultsAverage monosyllabic word recognition scores in quiet improved significantly from 11.3% (standard deviation [SD] 15.6%) preoperatively to 48.7% (SD 24.2%) at the 3‐month postactivation interval, although they did not increase significantly between the 3‐month and 6‐month intervals. Sentence recognition scores in quiet increased significantly from 18.4% (SD 28.5%) preoperatively to 65.9% (SD 17.9%) at the 3‐month postactivation interval, but not between the 3‐month and 6‐month intervals. Sentence recognition in noise in the best‐aided bilateral condition increased from 59% (SD 16.3%) preoperatively to 72% (SD 16.0%) at 6‐months postactivation, though the difference was not statistically significant. Thirteen of the participants reported tinnitus prior to surgery. Of those, 12 reported that tinnitus was improved after implantation, and one reported that tinnitus was unchanged.ConclusionPreliminary results suggest that speech recognition in a singly deafened ear is significantly improved after cochlear implantation, although speech recognition in noise measured in the bilateral condition remains the same at 6‐months postactivation.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 127:223–228, 2017
Mesenchymal stem cells have antifibrotic effects on transforming growth factor‐β1‐stimulated vocal fold fibroblasts
Authors: Hiwatashi Nao , Bing Renjie , Kraja Iv , Branski Ryan C. 
Published: June 2016

Objectives/HypothesisMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold therapeutic promise for vocal fold scar, yet the precise mechanism(s) underlying tissue level changes remain unclear. We hypothesize that MSCs interact with native fibroblasts to favorably affect healing. Furthermore, we hypothesize that these interactions vary based on MSC source.MethodsVocal fold fibroblasts (VFFs), adipose‐derived stem cells, and bone marrow‐derived stem cells (BMSCs) were extracted from Sprague‐Dawley rats; and a coculture model was employed culturing VFFs ± transforming growth factor (TGF‐β1) (10 ng/mL) ± MSCs. Monoculture MSCs were also prepared as a control. Both extracellular matrix (ECM) and components of the TGF‐β signaling pathway were analyzed via polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.ResultsSignificantly decreased TGF‐β1 mRNA and α‐smooth muscle actin protein was observed in VFFs in response to TGF‐β1 in the coculture with both MSCs (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). BMSCs significantly downregulated collagen I (P < 0.05), collagen III (P < 0.05), Smad3 (P < 0.01), and TGF‐β1 receptor I (P < 0.01) mRNA in VFFs. Hyaluronic synthase‐1 and 2 increased in cocultured BMSCs when compared with monocultured BMSCs at baseline and in response to TGF‐β1 (P < 0.01).ConclusionMSCs had a favorable effect on ECM regulation as well as suppression of TGF‐β1 signaling in VFF. Bidirectional paracrine signaling was also observed as VFFs altered ECM regulation in MSCs. These data provide insight into the regenerative effects of MSCs and provide a foundation for clinical application.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 127:E35–E41, 2017
Review of videolaryngoscopy pharyngeal wall injuries
Authors: Greer Devon , Marshall Kathryn E. , Bevans Scott , Standlee Aurora , McAdams Patricia , Harsha Wayne 
Published: June 2016

ObjectivesReports of patient injuries associated with videolaryngoscopy are increasing in the literature. There are a wide variety of opinions regarding both safe use of the device and patient care following aerodigestive tract injury.We have seen an increase in videolaryngoscopy‐associated injuries in recent years at our institution. Because of this, we wanted to determine if video‐assisted laryngoscopy presents a greater risk of injury compared with direct laryngoscopy. Furthermore, we wanted to determine if there were patient and/or surgical factors that could contribute to patient injuries following videolaryngoscopy.Data SourcesMAMC anesthesia records, PubMed, Ovid.Review MethodsWe compared rates of injury between videolaryngoscopy to direct laryngoscopy at our institution by searching anesthesia records to identify laryngoscopy procedures that resulted in injury to the soft palate or oropharynx. We also identified 19 published cases in the literature, in addition to our cases, that we reviewed for patient characteristics (e.g., body mass index, age and sex, Mallampati grade), type of videolaryngoscope, location of injury, and type of repair (if any) required.ResultsAt our institution, we have a statistically higher rate of injury using videolaryngoscopy compared to direct laryngoscopy. Our data also indicate that women are more commonly injured during videolaryngoscope intubation than men. The right tonsillar pillars and soft palate are the most frequently injured, with through‐and‐through perforation of the soft tissues being the most common type of injury. The most common repair of injuries required simple closures, and long‐term harm was very rare.ConclusionOur data suggests that using video‐assisted laryngoscopy for intubation puts a patient at significantly greater risk for injury compared to direct laryngoscopy. Laryngoscope, 2016 127:349–353, 2017
Four LTE low‐band smartphone antennas and their MIMO performance with user's hand presence
Authors: Wong Kin‐Lu , Chen Yu‐Chen , Li Wei‐Yu 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTOwing to the narrow regions along the four edges of the modern smartphone, especially the two narrow regions along the long (side) edges thereof, it has been a design challenge to embed the internal antennas therein. The design challenge is especially critical for embedding the long‐term evolution (LTE) low‐band antennas with operating frequencies below 1 GHz. In this study, based on the open‐slot antenna structure, the design of four LTE low‐band antennas, respectively, disposed along the four edges of the smartphone are presented. The two antennas along the two short (top and bottom) edges have a low profile of 10 mm and can cover 698–960 MHz. The two antennas along the two long edges have a low profile of 1 mm only and can cover 824–960 MHz. The four antennas can be applied in a 4 × 4 multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) system in the 824–960 MHz band (e.g., the LTE band 5 and 8). Conversely, the two short‐edge antennas can be used for 2 × 2 MIMO in the 698–960 MHz band (e.g., the LTE band 5, 8, 13, and 17). The operating principle and antenna performance of the four antennas are presented. The obtained channel capacities for 4 × 4 MIMO and 2 × 2 MIMO operations are also shown. Effects of the user's hand holding the smartphone with the four antennas therein are also analyzed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2046–2052, 2016
A novel hybrid loaded vivaldi antenna with broadened relative bandwidth
Authors: Wu Dong‐Wei , Wang Xue‐Mei , Xie Yong‐Jun , Niu Li‐Qiang 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTA novel Vivaldi antenna hybrid loaded with patches, resistors, and the split‐ring resonator (SRR) structure has been presented in this letter, since the resistors and the SRR structure are deemed to be capable of extending the low‐end bandwidth limitation and improving the impedance characteristics at the lower frequency. As contrast, the hybrid loaded and resistor loaded Vivaldi antennas design are numerically and experimentally demonstrated, showing the benefits of the adopted structure in extending the relative bandwidth to 168.22% and 160.77%, reducing the low‐end operating frequency of 69.8% and 57.8%, respectively. Compared with traditional Vivaldi antennas, the hybrid loaded Vivaldi antenna indicates the feasibility of extending the relative working bandwidth and reducing the low‐end working frequency while maintaining preferable miniaturization characteristics. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2037–2041, 2016
A 2.4 GHz SiP radio module with embedded antenna and IPD matching and filter circuits
Authors: Hirvonen Mervi , Vähä‐Heikkilä Tauno , Yrjänä Samuli , Mäkelä Raimo , Järvinen Petri 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTIn this article, a 2.4 GHz SiP radio module with embedded antenna suitable for various operation scenarios like in free space, on metal, and on body, is presented. The size of the whole module is 13.5 × 7.5 × 4.0 mm3. In addition to the antenna, the module includes matching and filter circuits implemented on IPD technology, as well as a radio transceiver. There are no ground plane or no ground plane opening limitations for the underlying electronics board increasing the usability and reliability of the SiP radio module. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2062–2064, 2016
A dual‐band metamaterial microwave absorber
Authors: Tak Jinpil , Jin Yunnan , Choi Jaehoon 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTA dual‐band metamaterial microwave absorber for X band (8–12 GHz) applications is proposed. A unit cell of the absorber consists of an electric LC (ELC) resonator, a backing ground plate, and an FR4‐epoxy substrate with 0.8 mm thickness. To realize efficient space utilization for the dual resonance, an ELC resonator consisting of asymmetric triangle split‐ring resonators is adopted. Using effective medium parameters extracted from the S‐parameters, the EM behavior is clarified to describe the operating mechanism. The miniaturized dimensions of the unit cell are 8 mm × 8 mm × 0.8 mm. The measured results exhibit two absorptivity peaks stronger than 98.5% and FWHMs of 8.4% and 7.25% at 8.2 GHz and 12 GHz, respectively. Additionally, high absorptivity performance is achieved for EM waves from 0° to 60° regardless of the incident angle. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2052–2057, 2016
Study of microstrip line‐fed flower‐shaped patch antenna providing enhanced bandwidth and radiation efficiency
Authors: Rani Patre Situ , Singh Surya P. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThis article presents the simulation and experimental studies of a broadband flower‐shaped patch antenna with semi‐elliptical partial ground plane fed through tapered microstrip line. The conventional circular patch is reshaped to obtain the proposed broadband flower‐shaped patch, which has distinct smaller segments and larger perimeter without changing the (largest) patch radius. The effect of different configurations of feed line and ground plane on the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is studied through simulation using Ansys' High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software. The simulated and measured bandwidths of the proposed antenna with optimum configurations of feed line and ground plane for input VSWR ≤ 2 are found to be 142% (2.3–13.6 GHz) and 135.88% (2.1–11.0 GHz), respectively. The radiation patterns of the antenna are bidirectional and omni‐directional in E‐ and H‐plane respectively. The proposed antenna has high radiation efficiency of more than 80% and reasonable gain over whole operating frequency band. Further, the input and radiation characteristics of the proposed antenna are compared with the respective characteristics of identical antenna excited using coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed. The bandwidth improvement of proposed antenna compared to reference one is explained using leaky wave concept. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2041–2046, 2016
High sensitive microwave sensor based on symmetrical split ring resonator for material characterization
Authors: Alahnomi Rammah A. , Zakaria Z. , Ruslan E. , Mohd Bahar. Amyrul Azuan , Ab Rashid S. R. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTA simple novel microwave planar sensor based on symmetrical split ring resonator (SSRR) has been applied for the first time to measure the dielectric permittivity of materials under test (MUT). The results achieve narrow resonance with high Q sensitivity of 407 which makes it great promising applications for biosensors in the future. Three practical materials have been used as standards to validate the sensor. A detailed sample thickness analysis has been considered and accordingly the mathematical equation is driven to extract the properties of materials. Experimentally, the measured and theoretical results are found in an excellent agreement with a 2–3% possibility of typical error in the permittivity measurement. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2106–2110, 2016
Statistical variation of wire parameters within complex aerospace networks
Authors: Lundquist Eric J. , Furse Cynthia 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThis work evaluates the variation of wire impedance and velocity of propagation in bundled wires. Unshielded wire bundling was found to cause changes greater than 60Ω with standard deviation between 30.4–33.4Ω on 150Ω wires. Velocity of propagation was found to vary from 0.589c to 0.602c with a standard deviation of 0.0031c. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2082–2084, 2016
New topology of wide band EDFA using split band double pass amplification
Authors: Bouzid Belloui , Abu Khadra Fawwaz 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTA novel design of high and broad gain that covers C and L bands is demonstrated experimentally. The techniques, used in this paper, combine two double pass with split band structure. The signals travel in separate paths after being splitted using a coupler band splitter. The topology of this new configuration uses this technique to broaden the gain at its maximum range of amplification. The presented paper is to study the performance of the augmented gain of the EDFA configuration using what it can be called double pass wide band amplification. The results show a broadening range of 80 nm between 1520 nm and 1600 nm in the C and L band and high gain of 45 dB for the range 1525 nm and 1580 nm and lower gain for the range 1580 nm and 1600 nm. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2093–2096, 2016
Characterization of a dual‐wavelength erbium‐doped fiber laser with overlapping cavity incorporating chirped fiber bragg grating as whole reflecting mirror
Authors: Boroon Mohammad , Seyedzadeh Saleh , Moghaddasi Majid , Hitam Salasiah 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTA new and simple dual‐wavelength erbium doped fiber laser (EDFL) in long band is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Chirped fiber Bragg gratings (CFBGs) as optical reflecting mirror‐are deployed with 10 nm nominal wavelength spacing. The combined signal of two reflections initialize lasing process. Dual wavelength lasing at room temperature is achieved at input power of 40 mW. Signal reaches to maximum value of 6.40 dBm at pump power of 80 mW where the signal diversity is 1.21 dB. The output of dual‐wavelength laser in linear overlapping cavity configuration appears in unpolarized low noise figure. Relatively large side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of 41.88 dB is obtained. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2143–2146, 2016
Improvement the design of microwave dual‐band BPF by DGS technique
Authors: Amiri Shervin , Khajavi Mahboubeh 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThis article presents a new method for designing a dual‐band bandpass filter at microwave frequency with improvement on filter characteristics like bandwidth, in band insertion loss and outband and decrease the neutral harmonics on stopband with using defected ground structure (DGS) technique. The basic resonator, with a single passband, was designed using an open‐circuit capacitor‐coupled stripline resonator. An I‐shape architecture was employed at the middle part of the basic resonator to create a dual‐passband frequency response. Finally, the current density of the filter with DGS and without DGS is shown. Simulation results for the proposed filter include performance at 4.6 GHz and 7.3 GHz with respective bandwidths of 178 MHz and 155 MHz. Simulation results well match the characteristics of the fabricated filter. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2133–2137, 2016
Design of a patch antenna for ultra wide band applications
Authors: Hossain M. J. , Faruque M. R. I. , Islam M. T. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTA new monopole microstrip patch antenna design for ultra‐wideband applications are proposed in this paper. The proposed antenna is comprised of a ring‐shaped with additional slot and upper cutting edge, a 50‐ohm microstrip line‐fed and a slotted limited ground plane. The proposed antenna size is 3.5 cm × 2.4 cm × 0.16 cm and is energized by microstrip feed line. The finite‐difference time‐domain method based Computer Simulation Technology (CST) and finite element method based High Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS) is adopted in this investigation. The proposed antenna has been achieved excellent gain and the calculated bandwidth of the monopole antenna cover whole UWB frequency range. However, the measured results demonstrate that stable omnidirectional radiation pattern within the entire frequency band. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2152–2156, 2016
A 40 GHz‐100 GBPS wireless access network system based on all optical transformation and photoelectric direct detection
Authors: Li Guang , Liu Hongzhan 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTA 40 GHz coordinated multi‐point radio over fiber (40 GHz ‐CoMP‐ROF) transmission system based on 16‐quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OOFDM) and 2 × 2 multiple input multiple output (16QAM‐OOFDM‐2x2MIMO) and photoelectric direct detection is proposed and proved by theoretical derivation. Duo to the QAM and OOFDM and multiple input multiple output (MIMO) and optical orthogonal polarization splitting combining (OOPSC) and excellent algorithm, the rate of the wireless access system is up to 100Gpbs. The designed system is simulated and tested by OptiSystem which is a set of professional simulation software for communication. And then, electrical spectrum, optical spectrum, constellation diagram, clear eye diagram and good bit error rate (BER) of the wired downlink signal and the wireless downlink signal are obtained respectively. Because of the photoelectric direct detection, the complexity of the base station (BS) is simplified. Thanks to the all optical transformation and photonic multiple doubling frequency technique, the cost of the local oscillator with ultra‐high frequency is greatly reduced at the BS. Owing to the coordinated multi‐point (CoMP) technique, ultra‐high speed wireless transmitting between the mobile station and the BS can become a reality on the edge of the cell. Compared with recent schemes, the outlays of center station and base‐station are greatly decreased. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2194–2202, 2016