bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Gender Roles in Tea Sector in Embu and Murang’a Counties, Kenya: A Case Study of Smallholder Tea Farmers
Authors: Makone Samson M. , Bitange Naphis M. , Soire Nathan O. , Odero Eveline A. 
Published: February 2017

<div><p><em>Men and women perform different roles within the household and in agricultural sector. However, women’s roles are more strenuous and more pronounced and they work extra hours in providing the much needed labour on the tea farms than the men counterpart. But in spite of women’s much involvement in agricultural sector, they undergo discrimination in all aspects not only related to land ownership but also kept out when it comes to control and access to the benefits accrued from tea farming. This study therefore sought to determine gender roles in tea production in Embu and Murang’a counties and also to assess the accessibility and control over the benefits accrued from tea farming by gender. Stratified random sampling; simple random sampling and Purposive sampling techniques were used to sample 276 respondents from estimated target population of </em><em>18,000 tea growers from the two counties under study. </em><em>The study established that women perform more roles in tea plantation than their male counterparts. The findings clearly demonstrated that the most tedious and difficult roles that took long hours to accomplish were assigned to the women for instance, the plucking of tea, taking green leaves to the buying centre and collecting/receiving pay slips from the factory or buying centre was majorly done by the women but it’s men who goes to the bank to earn bonus and monthly payments for the work didn’t participate and also attending annual general meetings (AGMs) or any meetings at the factory or buying centre and even organized educational forums and surveys since they knew that at the end of it they would either receive certificate of participation and more importantly sitting allowance. The finding further revealed that, men were assigned themselves roles that lighter duties that might require bit of skills such as pruning of tea bushes and nursery establishment. On the other hand women are unable to attend the forums or meetings because of numerous roles waiting for them ranging from household chores to agricultural production. Although conflicts have been in arise over the control of proceeds of tea sales because men receive the benefits and women who worked for them do not seem to benefit much, this gender discrimination had negatively affected tea production and by extension resulted in decline of tea yields and neglected tea bush. This study recommends that Kenya tea development agency to increase its sensitization forums and conducts regular workshops to educate the tea growers on gender balance in regards to distribution of proceeds from tea sales, access to and control over tea benefits. This could not only help to empower and motivate women but also demystify the gender stereotypes that men have about women and therefore eliminate gender discrimination in tea growing communities.</em></p></div>
Optimization of parameters of electrocoagulation/flotation process for removal of Acid Red 14 with mesh stainless steel electrodes
Authors: Ahangarnokolaei M. A. , Ganjidoust H. , Ayati B. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Dyes are persistent compounds that are not easily biodegraded and are considered as carcinogenic. Electro-coagulation and electro-flotation method, due to its adaptability and compatibility with the environment, is regarded as one of the appropriate methods for the treatment of industrial wastewater containing dye. In this study in which stainless steel mesh electrodes with a horizontal arrangement are used, the most important parameters affecting the performance of the simultaneous system of electro-coagulation and electro-flotation, including electrodes area, of distance between electrodes, electrical conductivity of the solution, type of electrolyte, and initial pH were examined. The effect of every one of these parameters in color removal efficiency of Acid Red 14 from artificial wastewater, energy consumption and anode was determined and their values were optimized. The area of the electrode equals 20.5 cm2, the distance between the electrodes is 0.5 cm, electrical conductivity 3,600 μS/cm, and initial pH 7 were selected as the optimum values, and dye removal efficiency of 99% with initial concentration of 150 mg/L and electric current density 40 mA/cm2 (0.8 A) were obtained under optimum conditions and within 20 minutes. The advantages of this method are low energy and material consumption, and low sludge production.
Effects of Dopamine Donor Pretreatment on Graft Survival after Kidney Transplantation: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Schnuelle Peter , Schmitt Wilhelm H. , Weiss Christel , Habicht Antje , Renders Lutz , Zeier Martin , Drüschler Felix , Heller Katharina , Pisarski Przemyslaw , Banas Bernhard , Krämer Bernhard K. , Jung Matthias , Lopau Kai , Olbricht Christoph J. , Weihprecht Horst , Schenker Peter , De Fijter Johan W. , Yard Benito A. , Benck Urs 
Published: February 2017

Background and objectives
Donor dopamine improves initial graft function after kidney transplantation due to antioxidant properties. We investigated if a 4 µg/kg per minute continuous dopamine infusion administered after brain-death confirmation affects long-term graft survival and examined the exposure-response relationship with treatment duration.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Five-year follow-up of 487 renal transplant patients from 60 European centers who had participated in the randomized, multicenter trial of dopamine donor pretreatment between 2004 and 2007 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00115115).

Results
Follow-up was complete in 99.2%. Graft survival was 72.6% versus 68.7% (P=0.34), and 83.3% versus 80.4% (P=0.42) after death-censoring in treatment and control arms according to trial assignment. Although infusion times varied substantially in the treatment arm (range 0–32.2 hours), duration of the dopamine infusion and all-cause graft failure exhibited an exposure-response relationship (hazard ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.92 to 1.00, per hour). Cumulative frequency curves of graft survival and exposure time of the dopamine infusion indicated a maximum response rate at 7.10 hours (95% CI, 6.99 to 7.21), which almost coincided with the optimum infusion time for improvement of early graft function (7.05 hours; 95% CI, 6.92 to 7.18). Taking infusion time of 7.1 hours as threshold in subsequent graft survival analyses indicated a relevant benefit: Overall, 81.5% versus 68.5%; P=0.03; and 90.3% versus 80.2%; P=0.04 after death-censoring.

Conclusions
We failed to show a significant graft survival advantage on intention-to-treat. Dopamine infusion time was very short in a considerable number of donors assigned to treatment. Our finding of a significant, nonlinear exposure-response relationship disclosed a threshold value of the dopamine infusion time that may improve long-term kidney graft survival.
A MÁGICA COMO FERRAMENTA DE ESTIMULAÇÃO DA APRENDIZAGEM NO ENSINO DE FÍSICA
Authors: Rodrigues Denise Celeste Godoy de Andrade , Souza Alex Sandro Bôsco de 
Published: February 2017

Pretende-se com este trabalho apresentar a “Mágica” como recurso lúdico pedagógico na forma de oficina, relacionando-a com o estudo da Óptica, especialmente aos conceitos de refração e reflexão da luz. A oficina foi realizada com 31 alunos de uma escola em Volta Redonda RJ. Para a apresentação da mágica foi construída uma caixa mágica com espelhos. Ao final da atividade foi aplicado um questionário com perguntas mistas. Os resultados mostraram que nenhum aluno identificou o truque envolvido na mágica antes de sua revelação. Entretanto, foram capazes de perceber fenômenos físicos envolvidos na atividade. Conclui-se que a proposta de construção de uma caixa mágica e a utilização da mesma como ferramenta no ensino de conteúdos de óptica na disciplina de Física foi válida, pois permitiu que a oficina fosse realizada e relacionada com os conteúdos físicos propostos.
O ENEM NOS LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DE FÍSICA RECOMENDADOS PELO PNLD 2015
Authors: Da Silva Vailton Afonso , Martins Maria Inês , Máximo Edivaldo Lima 
Published: February 2017

O ENEM é, atualmente, o exame de larga escala mais relevante do país, particularmente, por seu valor estratégico como “moeda de troca” para o ingresso da Educação Superior, materializado, sobretudo através do Programa Universidade para Todos (PROUNI) para instituições privadas e do Sistema de Seleção Unificado (SISU) para instituições públicas, totalizando, de acordo com o MEC, 9.519.827 inscritos em 2014. Procura-se investigar como o ENEM tem sido explorado nas 14 (quatorze) Coleções de Física recomendadas na última edição do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático para o Ensino Médio (PNLD 2015). Além disso, nas obras coincidentes, faz-se uma comparação sobre o uso do ENEM com a edição anterior do Programa (PNLD 2012). As questões do ENEM foram mapeadas nas Coleções, verificando além de sua frequência, sua forma de apresentação, organização e exploração pedagógica nas obras didáticas. Verifica-se que os autores têm incorporado em suas coleções, pouco do universo de questões de Física aplicadas nas 17 edições do ENEM (desde 1998, contabilizadas duas provas em 2009). Observa-se que as coleções de Física recomendadas pelo PNLD 2015, de modo geral, repetindo o observado em coleções do PNLD 2012, pouco exploram o ENEM, excetuando-se três Obras com uma maior quantidade de itens, ainda que no final do volume, como atividade complementar. Não obstante a relevância do ENEM, não foram observados avanços significativos em sua utilização nas 10 (dez) obras recomendadas nas duas últimas edições do PNLD.
COLLECTIVE MEMORY OF THE WARSAW’S YOUTH INTELLECTUAL COMPONENT OF ATTITUDES TOWARD THE PAST
Authors: Kuciński Dominik 
Published: February 2017

The article concerns the issue of the "collective memory", especially the collective memory of adolescents. It responds to the constantly increasing interest in the issues of social attitudes toward time, especially toward the past. The essence of the problem is not how the past affects the present shape of reality, but how the past is perceived by a contemporary youth, and how the attitude towards the past is subject to social factors. The article presents some results of research, which were attended by 684 graduates students from 17 public secondary schools in Warsaw. The research was conducted using quantitative methods, and the basic research tool was a questionnaire survey. Theoretical basis for the study was a structural theory of attitudes, focusing on three components of attitudes towards the past: intellectual, emotional and behavioral. The article presents the results on the intellectual component, including such issues as: historical interest, attitude to history as a school subject, historical knowledge and the importance of historical knowledge for the modern man. It turns out that young people are interested in history, although it should be emphasized that the interest isn’t uniform, both in space and time. Youth is definitely more interested in modern history, especially in the Polish history. It is important that the relatively large interest in history doesn’t go hand in hand with the actual historical knowledge. Moreover, attitudes towards the past are determined by social factors, especially political interests, class profile, historical interest of father and sex.
INFORMATION ECONOMY AS A NEW ECONOMIC SYSTEM OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIETY
Authors: Hushko Serhii 
Published: February 2017

The article deals with the information economy as a new economic system wherein information and knowledge are the main products. It is proved that a central component of an economic system is work with information and use of information systems in the process of management. The author substantiates the requirement for the search of new approaches to the solution of problems of development of institutional structures of information economy. At the same time a new economic system of the development of society is able to transform not only economic policy of separate countries but also lessen the value of underlying instruments of stereotyped economic policy on the whole.
THE MODELLING OF INNOVATIVE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION
Authors: Kulishov Volodymyr 
Published: February 2017

The article researches degree of social systems openness in terms of modern globalization process, international economic cooperation, relationships establishment, the unavoidability of new progressive model of economic development transition, the emergence of a national economic innovation systems, the formation of innovation market, trends and problems of the innovative economy modelling, emergence of agglomerations and complexes, the role of clusters in the economic process.
THE MEANING OF LIFE OF PEOPLE ADVANCED IN YEARS
Authors: Łukasiewicz Jacek , Łukasik Rafał 
Published: February 2017

The article concerns the problems of the sense of life and self-esteem in people in their late adulthood. The study was aimed at capturing the relationship between the sense of the meaning of life in people of late adulthood and their self- esteem. We then analyzed the problem of whether the variable of the place of residence of the respondents (private home vs home with social assistance is a differentiating factor in their sense of the meaning of life and their level of self- esteem. In order to answer the questions surveyed using: Questionnaire about attitudes to life and the Rosenberg Self-Assessment Scale. The participants in this study group of 100 people in late adulthood, were divided into two groups of 50 people. In the first group were residents of private homes, in the other group, nursing home residents in Betania in Lublin. Studies have shown a significant relationship between the level of sense of life and the place of residence. It has been shown also that people living in a nursing home have a higher level of acceptance of death than those living in private houses.
The Effectiveness of Posturicular Fascial Flap as an Adjunct to Suture Otoplasty
Authors: Abdilkarim Dana Abdulmagid , Raheem Qader Ari , Ahmed Mohammed Salah 
Published: February 2017

Mustardé technique of otoplasty is probably the most famous and practical among all otoplasty procedures especially in our centers. Yet it possesses the risk of suture extrusion, stitch granulomas and recurrence. Such complications have been reported, albeit few, yet they are bothersome to patients and their families. Placing tissues between the suture lines and the postauricular incision whether grafts or fascial flaps have been reported to reduce these complications.This study was set to evaluate the effectiveness of elevating a post-auricular fascial flap to cover the sutures in Mustardé and Furnas techniques for reducing the risk of suture extrusion and granulomas and possibly recurrence.Eleven patients with prominent ears (21 ears) fit our inclusion criteria. Nine of them were males and two females. They underwent suture otoplasty with post-auricular fascial flap in Burn and Plastic Surgery Hospital in Sulaimania from December 2011 to July 2015. Their mean age was 15.5 years, with a mean follow-up period of 242 days (ranged from 66 days to 431 days. Polydioxanone suture was used in (6 ears), and polypropylene suture was used in (15 ears).We achieved 91% satisfaction rates among patients and their families (only one patient was unsatisfied). One patient developed partial recurrence of the middle half of antihelix in one side (4.7%). Another one developed bleeding that only needed pressure and change dressing in the left ear (4.7%). Adding fascial flap to cover the sutures appears to be beneficial in preventing suture extrusions and granulomas and possibly recurrence by acting as another supporting layer.
Morphological and morphometric study of Echinococcus granulosus (metacestode) in Sulaimani Province/ Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Authors: Hama Abdullah A. , Shareef Osama H. 
Published: February 2017

Hydatid disease (echinococcosis) is a parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus with the global distribution. This disease is endemic in Iraq and Kurdistan Region with no strategy and long-term control plan. The strain identification of this parasite is essential to improve both monitoring and prevention of the disease. For this reason, the present on the morphological characterization of the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus isolated from sheep, cattle, and human beings, was carried out in Sulaimani as an atempt to determine the polymorphism among echinococcus hooks isolated from diferent hosts. The morphometric of hooks were evaluated by (computerized morphometric) software. A significant difference was found in the blade length and width (guard) of the hook isolated from a different intermediate host of Echinococcus. This finding suggested that different strains of E. granulosus are responsible for animal and human infection in Kurdistan-Iraq.
Evaluating e-Court Services Using the Usability Tests Model Case Study: Civil Court Case Management
Authors: Saeed Soran , Nawroly Sarkhell , Hama Rashid Hozan , Ali Nizar 
Published: February 2017

Electronic Court (e-Court) is an Initiative to deliver services to citizens and court agencies (mainly lawyers). It enables citizen to view information and court agencies to access court services through online services. Its implementation has improved the efficiency of governance and court services in Sulaimani. However, it is the first evaluation study on the e-Court to reveal the facilities of the e-Court system using the Usability Test Model.This paper aims to evaluate the e-Court services in Sulaimani by using Usability test and analysis. The Usability test model consists of four main parts which include effectiveness, efficiency, learnability and satisfaction. Effectiveness test; means whether a particular task can be done by users. Simply, test for efficiency; means doing the task fast without getting frustrated. Learnability test; focuses on the number of clicks to accomplish tasks and errors that participants make during the test, this can be used to measure learnability. Simply, all participants vote by rate to determine the level of satisfaction. Generally, satisfaction can be defined as to what extent it is enjoyable or pleasant.A specific test is conducted to get data then the data is analysed based on usability tests model. In the test; five different tasks are given to five users. All the tests are recorded. The test only applied to the civil court as a pilot due to all the courts work in the similar process.
ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING & FINANCIAL REPORTING IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR TO ENHANCE ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY (REFRAMING IMPLEMENTATION IN INDONESIA)
Authors: Shonhadji Nanang 
Published: February 2017

Implementation modified cash basis at public sector in Indonesia have adopted to implement accrual accounting and financial reporting as the basis for their reformed accounting policy. Public administration in Indonesia has changed dramatically since 1999. The country has gone through one of the fastest and most comprehensive devolution reforms ever seen. Managerial and financial responsibilities have been decentralized from central government, mostly to local government at the district level. Under accrual accounting, government reports financial flows in terms of an operating statement equivalent to a business profit and loss statement. If the budget operating balance is zero, then this year's operating expenses are being fully covered by this year's revenue. Expenses are not the same as outlays so expenses measure this year's costs of production, whereas outlays does not. Prior to the introduction of accrual accounting, the Indonesian government have fiscal policy indicator which underlying cash balance. It was the cash budget balance which the local government. With the arrival of accrual accounting, however, the cash budget balance has been supplanted in this context. This helps us to compare the cash budget balance with fiscal balance. This phenomenon has been widely debated in public management circles, and within the academic literature. Many of these debates however, have been arid and narrowly technically focused. This paper reviews the harmonization process of Indonesian local public sector accounting suppose some main adjustments regarding and prepared exposures draft to harmonize this problem
PENGARUH KUALITAS SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA TERHADAP KINERJA PENGRAJIN SENTRA INDUSTRI KECIL TENUN IKAT
Authors: Sitohang Sonang 
Published: February 2017

This study aimed is to analyze both simultaneously and partially the effect of the variable quality of human resources consisting of; technical skill, mental attitude, work discipline, work motivation, as well as between the four variables which are the dominant influence on the performance weaving ikad craftsmen small industries. Sampling technique use the census method. The number of respondents who were 52 of weaving craftsmen small industries in Lamongan. Instrument tests using validity and reliability test. Method of data analysis is a classic assumption test (normality test, multicollinearity, heteroskedastitas test), multiple regression analysis and hypothetical test (F test and t test) with significance level 5%. The test results shows either simultaneously or pasial, indicates that the variable quality of human resources consisting of technical skill, mental attitude, work discipline, work motivation, significant effect on performance. Meanwhile, the technical skill is the dominant variable affecting to the performance of weaving craftsmen small industries in Lamongan.
ANALISIS EVALUASI LULUSAN DAN PERSEPSI LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP MINAT MAHASISWA DENGAN PERSEPSI PRIBADI SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING PADA PENDIDIKAN PROFESI AKUNTANSI
Authors: Khuzaini Khuzaini 
Published: February 2017

Accounting Education Profession is a new program that offered by STIESIA as profession education, therefore, there is a need to find out whether Personal Perception is a moderating variable or not in the relation between Environment Perception and Graduate Evaluation to Student Interest. Data is collected from 110 samples and they are collected with random sampling method, the total of population is 150 persons, total of sample with level = 5% is 105 (Sugiyono, 2006), therefore the number of sample is enough. Questionnaire consists of 4 variables that is Personal Perception with 3 indicators, those are curriculum, teacher and supporting facilities, then Graduate Evaluation with 3 indicators, those are Working Field, Income and Career, and then Environment Perception with 3 indicators, those are parents reference, close friend reference and university teacher reference, with final variable is university student interest with 2 indicators, those are commitment and financing. In this research, its residual parameter is negative, but its influence is not significant, therefore, it can be concluded that personal perception is not a moderating variable, because it is only fulfilling 1 criteria that is parameter with negative sign, but it does not fulfill other criteria that is having significant influence.