bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracellular Vesicles Secreted by Atherogenic Macrophages Transfer MicroRNA to Inhibit Cell Migration
Authors: Nguyen My-Anh , Karunakaran Denuja , Geoffrion Michèle , Cheng Henry S. , Tandoc Kristofferson , Perisic Matic Ljubica , Hedin Ulf , Maegdefessel Lars , Fish Jason E. , Rayner Katey J. 
Published: September 2017

Objective—
During inflammation, macrophages secrete vesicles carrying RNA, protein, and lipids as a form of extracellular communication. In the vessel wall, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been shown to be transferred between vascular cells during atherosclerosis; however, the role of macrophage-derived EVs in atherogenesis is not known. Here, we hypothesize that atherogenic macrophages secrete microRNAs (miRNAs) in EVs to mediate cell–cell communication and promote proinflammatory and proatherogenic phenotypes in recipient cells.

Approach and Results—
We isolated EVs from mouse and human macrophages treated with an atherogenic stimulus (oxidized low-density lipoprotein) and characterized the EV miRNA expression profile. We confirmed the enrichment of miR-146a, miR-128, miR-185, miR-365, and miR-503 in atherogenic EVs compared with controls and demonstrate that these EVs are taken up and transfer exogenous miRNA to naive recipient macrophages. Bioinformatic pathway analysis suggests that atherogenic EV miRNAs are predicted to target genes involved in cell migration and adhesion pathways, and indeed delivery of EVs to naive macrophages reduced macrophage migration both in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of miR-146a, the most enriched miRNA in atherogenic EVs, reduced the inhibitory effect of EVs on macrophage migratory capacity. EV-mediated delivery of miR-146a repressed the expression of target genes IGF2BP1 (insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1) and HuR (human antigen R or ELAV-like RNA-binding protein 1) in recipient cells, and knockdown of IGF2BP1 and HuR using short interfering RNA greatly reduced macrophage migration, highlighting the importance of these EV-miRNA targets in regulating macrophage motility.

Conclusions—
EV-derived miRNAs from atherogenic macrophages, in particular miR-146a, may accelerate the development of atherosclerosis by decreasing cell migration and promoting macrophage entrapment in the vessel wall.
Cardiomyocyte‐Specific Telomere Shortening is a Distinct Signature of Heart Failure in Humans
Authors: Sharifi‐Sanjani Maryam , Oyster Nicholas M. , Tichy Elisia D. , Bedi Kenneth C. , Harel Ofer , Margulies Kenneth B. , Mourkioti Foteini 
Published: September 2017

Background
Telomere defects are thought to play a role in cardiomyopathies, but the specific cell type affected by the disease in human hearts is not yet identified. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the cell type specificity of telomere shortening in patients with heart failure in relation to their cardiac disease, age, and sex.

Methods and Results

We studied cardiac tissues from patients with
heart failure
by utilizing telomere quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization, a highly sensitive method with single‐cell resolution. In this study, total of 63 human left ventricular samples, including 37 diseased and 26 nonfailing donor hearts, were stained for telomeres in combination with cardiomyocyte‐ or α‐smooth muscle cell‐specific markers, cardiac troponin T, and smooth muscle actin, respectively, and assessed for telomere length. Patients with
heart failure
demonstrate shorter cardiomyocyte telomeres compared with nonfailing donors, which is specific only to cardiomyocytes within diseased human hearts and is associated with cardiomyocyte
DNA
damage. Our data further reveal that hypertrophic hearts with reduced ejection fraction exhibit the shortest telomeres. In contrast to other reported cell types, no difference in cardiomyocyte telomere length is evident with age. However, under the disease state, telomere attrition manifests in both young and older patients with cardiac hypertrophy. Finally, we demonstrate that cardiomyocyte‐telomere length is better sustained in women than men under diseased conditions.

Conclusions
This study provides the first evidence of cardiomyocyte‐specific telomere shortening in heart failure.
On the Relationship between Intensity and Rainfall Distribution in Tropical Cyclones Making Landfall over China
Authors: Yu Zifeng , Wang Yuqing , Xu Haiming , Davidson Noel , Chen Yandie , Chen Yimin , Yu Hui 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTRMM satellite 3B42 rainfall estimates for 133 landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs) over China during 2001–15 are used to examine the relationship between TC intensity and rainfall distribution. The rain rate of each TC is decomposed into axisymmetric and asymmetric components. The results reveal that, on average, axisymmetric rainfall is closely related to TC intensity. Stronger TCs have higher averaged peak axisymmetric rain rates, more averaged total rain, larger averaged rain areas, higher averaged rain rates, higher averaged amplitudes of the axisymmetric rainfall, and lower amplitudes of wavenumbers 1–4 relative to the total rainfall. Among different TC intensity change categories, rapidly decaying TCs show the most rapid decrease in both the total rainfall and the axisymmetric rainfall relative to the total rain. However, the maximum total rain, maximum rain area, and maximum rain rate are not absolutely dependent on TC intensity, suggesting that stronger TCs do not have systematically higher maximum rain rates than weaker storms. Results also show that the translational speed of TCs has little effect on the asymmetric rainfall distribution in landfalling TCs. The maximum rainfall of both the weaker and stronger TCs is generally located downshear to downshear left. However, when environmental vertical wind shear (VWS) is less than 5 m s−1, the asymmetric rainfall maxima are more frequently located upshear and onshore, suggesting that in weak VWS environments the coastline could have a significant effect on the rainfall asymmetry in landfalling TCs.
Modeling Interaction of a Tropical Cyclone with Its Cold Wake
Authors: Chen Sue , Elsberry Russell L. , Harr Patrick A. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This study first examines the tropical cyclone (TC) intensity response to its cold wake with time-invariant, stationary cold wakes and an uncoupled version of COAMPS-TC, and second with simulated cold wakes from the fully coupled version. The objective of the uncoupled simulations with the time-invariant cold wake is to fix the thermodynamic response and to isolate the dynamic response of the TC to the cold wake. While the stationary TC over a cold wake has an immediate intensity decrease, the intensity decrease with a long trailing wake from the moving TC was delayed. This time delay is attributed to a “wake jet” that leads to an enhanced inward transport of moist air that tends to offset the effect of decreasing enthalpy flux from the ocean. In the fully coupled version, the TC translating at 2 m s−1 generated a long trailing cold wake, and again the intensity decrease was delayed. Lagrangian trajectories released behind the TC center at four times illustrate the inward deflection and ascent and descent as the air parcels cross the trailing cold wake. The momentum budget analysis indicates large radial and tangential wind tendencies primarily due to imbalances among the pressure gradient force, the Coriolis, and the horizontal advection as the parcels pass over the cold wake. Nevertheless, a steadily increasing radial inflow (wake jet) is simulated in the region of a positive moisture anomaly that tends to offset the thermodynamic effect of decreasing enthalpy flux.
Portrayal of generalized anxiety disorder in YouTube™ videos
Authors: MacLean Sarah A , Basch Corey H , Reeves Rachel , Basch Charles E 
Published: September 2017

Background: Individuals often search the Internet for information about their medical conditions, such as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), a common mental health disorder. Aims: To describe the content of the most popular videos on YouTube™ related to GAD. Methods: Videos with at least 50,000 views in October 2016 were coded for information regarding symptoms, treatments and causes for GAD. Associations of content with factors such as popularity and focus on a personal experience were examined. Results: The search returned 95 videos, which had been collectively viewed 37,044,555 times. Most (65%) were uploaded by consumers and 56% were about a personal experience. The most common symptoms mentioned were worry or panic (72%) and social anxiety (46%). Many videos (63%) mentioned at least one treatment, but only 26% mentioned any cause of anxiety. Videos that focused on a personal experience were significantly less likely to mention other phobias ( p = .036), panic disorder ( p = .033) and sleep issues ( p = .016). Conclusion: The majority of the most popular videos on YouTube™ related to GAD were produced by consumers. Improved understanding about what information is available and popular online can assist mental health professionals in aiding their patients and in producing media that is likely to be viewed.
Stigma Resistance in Stable Schizophrenia: The Relative Contributions of Stereotype Endorsement, Self-Reflection, Self-Esteem, and Coping Styles
Authors: Kao Yu-Chen , Lien Yin-Ju , Chang Hsin-An , Tzeng Nian-Sheng , Yeh Chin-Bin , Loh Ching-Hui 
Published: September 2017

Objective: Stigma resistance (SR) has recently emerged as a prominent aspect of research on recovery from schizophrenia, partly because studies have suggested that the development of stigma-resisting beliefs may help individuals lead a fulfilling life and recover from their mental illness. The present study assessed the relationship between personal SR ability and prediction variables such as self-stigma, self-esteem, self-reflection, coping styles, and psychotic symptomatology. Method: We performed an exploratory cross-sectional study of 170 community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia. Self-stigma, self-esteem, self-reflection, coping skills, and SR were assessed through self-report. Psychotic symptom severity was rated by the interviewers. Factors showing significant association in univariate analyses were included in a stepwise backward regression model. Results: Stepwise regressions revealed that acceptance of stereotypes of mental illness, self-esteem, self-reflection, and only 2 adaptive coping strategies (positive reinterpretation and religious coping) were significant predictors of SR. The prediction model accounted for 27.1% of the variance in the SR subscale score in our sample. Conclusions: Greater reflective capacity, greater self-esteem, greater preferences for positive reinterpretation and religious coping, and fewer endorsements of the stereotypes of mental illness may be key factors that relate to higher levels of SR. These factors are potentially modifiable in tailored interventions, and such modification may produce considerable improvements in the SR of the investigated population. This study has implications for psychosocial rehabilitation and emerging views of recovery from mental illness.
A Novel Electronic Device for Measuring Urine Flow Rate: A Clinical Investigation
Authors: Goldman Aliza , Azran Hagar , Stern Tal , Grinstein Mor , Wilner Dafna 
Published: September 2017

Objective: Currently, most vital signs in the intensive care unit (ICU) are electronically monitored. However, clinical practice for urine output (UO) measurement, an important vital sign, usually requires manual recording of data that is subject to human errors. In this study, we assessed the ability of a novel electronic UO monitoring device to measure real-time hourly UO versus current clinical practice. Design: Patients were connected to the RenalSense Clarity RMS Sensor Kit with a sensor integrated within a standard sterile urinary catheter drainage tube to monitor urine flow in real time. The Clarity RMS Sensor Kit was modified to incorporate a standard urinometer (Unomedical) for the nursing staff to record UO as per their standard practice. The drainage bag was placed in a container on a scientific scale (Precisa BJ) to be used as the gold standard. Interventions: Nursing records for hourly UO were collected and compared with the electronically recorded UO. Sensor measurements and nursing staff manual records of UO were compared with the scale data. Setting: The study setting was the ICU of Hadassah Hospital, Jerusalem. Patients: Data from 23 patients with a urinary catheter were observed in this study. Measurements and main results: A total of 1046 hours of UO were recorded from 23 subjects. Compared with the scale data, the measurements of hourly urine flow measured with the RenalSense system were closer, had a better correlation, and narrower limits of agreement to gravimetrically determined values than the measurements obtained by the nurses. In addition, continuous monitoring of UO provided graphical display of response to repeated diuretic administration. Conclusions: An electronic device for recording UO has been shown to provide more reliable information of UO records and patient fluid status than current practice. Future applications of this device will provide valuable information to help set protocol goals such as decisions for timely fluid and diuretic administration and response.
Primary health care decision making in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease
Authors: Campbell-Crofts Sandra Joan , Roden Janet 
Published: September 2017

Objectives This qualitative descriptive study explored the primary health care decisions of a group of 12 Australians in Stages 3B to 5 with chronic kidney disease in the preservation of kidney health. Methods Questioning within the qualitative interviews focused on gaining an understanding of the participants’ perceptions of their kidney health and the decisions made as a consequence of their interaction within the Australian primary health care system. Results Participants were dependent on their General Practitioner to recognise their symptoms, make the correct diagnosis and authorise the correct referral for specialist nephrology care. Three pathways in this process were identified: ‘easy’; ‘difficult’ and ‘protracted’. Clinician failure to correctly attribute symptoms to chronic kidney disease influenced the ‘difficult’ pathway, while failure to adequately communicate kidney health status influenced the ‘protracted’ pathway. Use of the language of ‘recovery’, ‘stability’ and ‘protection’ held meaning to the participants in gaining an understanding of their kidney health. Discussion Identifying pathways to diagnosis and referral can raise awareness of the challenges kidney health consumers face in their participation within the primary health care arena. Using consumer meaningful language improves the capacity of these consumers to engage in their own primary health care agenda.
ACL Injury Prevention Training Results in Modification of Hip and Knee Mechanics During a Drop-Landing Task
Authors: Pollard Christine D. , Sigward Susan M. , Powers Christopher M. 
Published: September 2017

Background: Injury prevention training has been shown to be effective in reducing the incidence of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury; however, the underlying reason for the success of these training programs is unclear. Purpose: To investigate whether an ACL injury prevention program that has been shown to reduce the incidence of ACL injury alters sagittal plane hip and knee biomechanics during a drop-landing task. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Thirty female club soccer players (age range, 11-17 years) with no history of knee injury participated in this study. Kinematics and ground-reaction forces were collected while each participant performed a drop-landing task prior to and immediately after participation in a 12-week ACL injury prevention training program. Results: After ACL injury prevention training, participants demonstrated decreased knee extensor moments ( P = .03), increased energy absorption at the hip ( P = .04), decreased knee-to-hip extensor moment ratios ( P = .05), and decreased knee-to-hip energy absorption ratios ( P = .03). Conclusion: Participation in an ACL injury prevention training program decreased reliance on the knee extensor muscles and improved use of the hip extensor muscles, which may explain the protective effect of this type of training program on ACL injury. Clinical Relevance: Based on these findings, clinicians can better understand how ACL injury prevention training, such as the Prevent Injury and Enhance Performance (PEP) Program, may change movement behavior at both the hip and knee. Furthermore, the study findings may support the implementation of the PEP Program, or a similar program, for clinicians aiming to improve use of the hip in an effort to reduce knee loading and consequent injuries.
How I treat patients with HIV-related hematological malignancies using hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Alvarnas Joseph C. , Zaia John A. , Forman Stephen J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has now been shown to be safe and effective for selected HIV-infected patients with hematological malignancies. Autologous HCT is now the standard of care for patients with HIV-related lymphomas who otherwise meet standard transplant criteria. Limited data also support use of allogeneic HCT (alloHCT) in selected HIV-infected patients who meet standard transplant criteria. We recommend enrolling patients in clinical trials that offer access to CCR5Δ32 homozygous donors, if available. HIV-infected patients requiring HCT may also be considered for participation in trials evaluating the activity of gene-modified hematopoietic stem cells in conferring resistance to HIV infection. To be considered for HCT, patients must have HIV infection that is responsive to combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Careful planning for the peri-HCT management of the cART can avoid risk of significant drug interactions and development of cART-resistant HIV. In general, we recommend against the use of boosted proteasome inhibitors and nonnucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors in the cART regimen, in favor of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and integrase inhibitors (without cobicistat). After HCT, patients must be closely monitored for development of opportunistic infections (OI), such as cytomegalovirus. Prevention of OI should include prophylactic and pre-emptive antimicrobials.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of factors that help or hinder treatment decision-making capacity in psychosis
Authors: Larkin Amanda , Hutton Paul 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundThe evidence on factors that may influence treatment decisional capacity (‘capacity’) in psychosis has yet to be comprehensively synthesised, which limits the development of effective strategies to improve or support it.AimsTo determine the direction, magnitude and reliability of the relationship between capacity in psychosis and a range of clinical, demographic and treatment-related factors, thus providing a thorough synthesis of current knowledge.MethodWe conducted a systematic review, meta-analytical and narrative synthesis of factors that help or hinder treatment decision-making capacity in psychosis, assessing the direction, magnitude, significance and reliability of reported associations.ResultsWe identified 23 relevant studies (n= 1823). Psychotic symptoms had small, moderate and strong associations with appreciation, understanding and reasoning respectively. Both verbal cognitive functioning and duration of education had small to moderate correlations with understanding and reasoning. Better capacity was also associated with better insight, better metacognitive ability, higher anxiety and lower perceived coercion. No linear relationship with depression was observed. Interventions linked to improved capacity over time were in-patient care, information simplification, shared decision-making and metacognitive training.ConclusionsAlthough much is known about the role of symptoms and other clinical variables, effective and acceptable psychological interventions to support capacity in this group are lacking.
Initiative for Molecular Profiling and Advanced Cancer Therapy (IMPACT): An MD Anderson Precision Medicine Study
Authors: Tsimberidou Apostolia-Maria , Hong David S. , Ye Yang , Cartwright Carrie , Wheler Jennifer J. , Falchook Gerald S. , Naing Aung , Fu Siqing , Piha-Paul Sarina , Janku Filip , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Hwu Patrick , Kee Bryan , Kies Merrill S. , Broaddus Russell , Mendelsohn John , Hess Kenneth R. , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: September 2017

Purpose Genomic profiling is increasingly used in the management of cancer. We have previously reported preliminary results of our precision medicine program. Here, we present response and survival outcomes for 637 additional patients who were referred for phase I trials and were treated with matched targeted therapy (MTT) when available. Patients and Methods Patients with advanced cancer who underwent tumor genomic analyses were treated with MTT when available. Results Overall, 1,179 (82.1%) of 1,436 patients had one or more alterations (median age, 59.7 years; men, 41.2%); 637 had one or more actionable aberrations and were treated with MTT (n = 390) or non-MTT (n = 247). Patients who were treated with MTT had higher rates of complete and partial response (11% v 5%; P = .0099), longer failure-free survival (FFS; 3.4 v 2.9 months; P = .0015), and longer overall survival (OS; 8.4 v 7.3 months; P = .041) than did unmatched patients. Two-month landmark analyses showed that, for MTT patients, FFS for responders versus nonresponders was 7.6 versus 4.3 months ( P < .001) and OS was 23.4 versus 8.5 months ( P < .001), whereas for non-MTT patients (responders v nonresponders), FFS was 6.6 versus 4.1 months ( P = .001) and OS was 15.2 versus 7.5 months ( P = .43). Patients with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway alterations matched to PI3K/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin axis inhibitors alone demonstrated outcomes comparable to unmatched patients. Conclusion Our results support the use of genomic matching. Subset analyses indicate that matching patients who harbor a PI3K and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway alteration to only a PI3K pathway inhibitor does not improve outcome. We have initiated IMPACT2, a randomized trial to compare treatment with and without genomic selection.
A multi technique study of a new lithium disilicate glass-ceramic spray-coated on ZrO2 substrate for dental restoration
Authors: Möncke Doris , Ehrt Roland , Palles Dimitrios , Efthimiopoulos Ilias , Kamitsos Efstratios I. , Johannes Martina 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAn alkali niobate-silicate veneer ceramic for ZrO