bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The performance cost of preserving data/query privacy using searchable symmetric encryption
Authors: Mc Brearty Shaun , Farrelly William , Curran Kevin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe benefits of Cloud computing include reduced costs, high reliability and the immediate availability of additional computing resources as needed. Despite such advantages, Cloud Service Provider (CSP) consumers need to be aware that the Clouds poses its own set of unique risks that are not typically associated with storing and processing one's own data internally using privately owned infrastructure. New techniques such as Searchable Encryption are being deployed to enable data to be encrypted online. Despite being a relatively obscure form of Cryptography, Searchable Encryption is now at the point that it can be deployed and used within the Cloud. Searchable Encryption can allow CSP customers to store their data in encrypted form, while retaining the ability to search that data without disclosing the associated decryption key(s) to CSPs. Searchable Encryption is a diverse subject that exists in many forms. Searchable Symmetric Encryption (SSE) which has its roots in plaintext searching is one such form. Although symmetrically encrypted ciphertext cannot be searched in the same manner; nonetheless, many of the principles that apply to plaintext searching also apply to SSE. In its most basic form, SSE is nothing more than an Inverted Index—a mechanism that has been used in plaintext Information Retrieval (IR) for decades—that has been modified and adapted for use with ciphertext. We implement an SSE scheme and evaluate the efficiency of storing and retrieving data from the cloud. The results showed that carrying out a task using SSE is directly proportional to the amount of information involved. In the case of constructing an IR Inverted Index, the results show that the time taken to generate an IR Inverted Index is directly proportional to the number of Terms contained in the underlying Document Collection. Converting the same IR Inverted Index to an SSE Inverted Index is directly proportional to the number of Postings contained within the IR Inverted Index, while the time taken to encrypt the underlying Document Collection is directly proportional to the number of Terms contained within the Document Collection. In relation to searching in SSE, the time taken to identify and decrypt the set of Postings associated with a given Lexicon Term is directly proportional to the number of Postings. We believe that SSE is efficient enough to be deployed in a Cloud environment especially when results only have to be returned to the user in small quantities. When applied to large Sets, SSE querying can become inefficient as its search time is directly proportional to the number of matching. SSE however is designed to achieve efficient search speeds whilst maintaining Data Privacy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Patterns in response to chronic terrorism threats: A construct of emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses among Israeli citizens
Authors: Cohen‐Louck Keren , Saka Yael 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIsraeli citizens are exposed to unpredictable and chronic terrorism threats that significantly jeopardize their personal sense of safety. The purpose of the present study is to present how Israeli discourse is structured with regard to emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses to chronic terrorism threats and to understand the range of responses as well as map the risk and protective factors of this existential threat. Semistructured in‐depth interviews were conducted with 40 Israeli adults (22 women and 18 men). Qualitative analysis revealed three patterns of responses to ongoing terrorism: emotional, cognitive, and behavioral. Emotional responses include fear, worry, sense of empathy, and detachment. Cognitive responses include situational assessment and pursuit of solutions, the use of traumatic imagining, beliefs in fate and luck, and optimism. Behavioral responses include looking for information, alertness, and habituation. The findings also revealed another response, which combines cognitive and behavioral responses. Some of the responses are innovative and unique to the threat of terrorism. Mapping the responses revealed mental health risk factors, as well as protective factors that can help structure personal and national resilience. These findings have implications on the treatment and prevention of personal and social pathologies, and how to effectively cope with terrorism threats.
Is C‐11 Methionine PET/CT Able to Localise Sestamibi‐Negative Parathyroid Adenomas?
Authors: Weber Theresia , Gottstein Martin , Schwenzer Sabrina , Beer Ambros , Luster Markus 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundPatients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) and a negative preoperative Tc‐99 sestamibi (MIBI) scintigraphy are considered to have a higher risk of persistent disease. The aim of this study was to assess whether additional imaging with C‐11 methionine positron emission tomography/computed tomography (Met‐PET/CT) is able to localise sestamibi‐negative hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands.MethodsIn 50 patients (38 females, 12 males, age 13–81 years) with pHPT and negative localisation procedures such as ultrasound and sestamibi, a Met‐PET/CT was performed before parathyroid surgery. The results of Met‐PET/CT were analysed prospectively and compared with intraoperative and histopathological findings. 22% of the patients underwent previous parathyroid and/or thyroid surgery.ResultsMet‐PET/CT correctly located a single‐gland adenoma in 33 of 45 (73%) patients with pHPT. In 5 patients with multiglandular disease, Met‐PET/CT detected at least one hyperfunctional parathyroid gland in 4 patients (80%). In 3 patients with double adenomas, 5 of 6 parathyroids were correctly located. Overall, 40 of 57 (70%) hyperfunctioning glands were identified with Met‐PET/CT. Met‐PET/CT was false‐negative in 12 of 50 (24%) patients and false‐positive in only one case (2%). Postoperatively, 48 of 50 patients (96%) were cured.ConclusionsAdditional pre‐interventional imaging with Met‐PET/CT was able to identify hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands in 74% of patients with pHPT and negative sestamibi scans, thus enabling successful parathyroid surgery.
Optimization of industrial microorganisms: recent advances in synthetic dynamic regulators
Authors: Min Byung Eun , Hwang Hyun Gyu , Lim Hyun Gyu , Jung Gyoo Yeol 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Production of biochemicals by industrial fermentation using microorganisms requires maintaining cellular production capacity, because maximal productivity is economically important. High-productivity microbial strains can be developed using static engineering, but these may not maintain maximal productivity throughout the culture period as culture conditions and cell states change dynamically. Additionally, economic reasons limit heterologous protein expression using inducible promoters to prevent metabolic burden for commodity chemical and biofuel production. Recently, synthetic and systems biology has been used to design genetic circuits, precisely controlling gene expression or influencing genetic behavior toward a desired phenotype. Development of dynamic regulators can maintain cellular phenotype in a maximum production state in response to factors including cell concentration, oxygen, temperature, pH, and metabolites. Herein, we introduce dynamic regulators of industrial microorganism optimization and discuss metabolic flux fine control by dynamic regulators in response to metabolites or extracellular stimuli, robust production systems, and auto-induction systems using quorum sensing.
Phospholipidomic Analysis Reveals Changes in Sphingomyelin and Lysophosphatidylcholine Profiles in Plasma from Patients with Neuroborreliosis
Authors: Łuczaj W. , Domingues P. , Domingues M. R. , Pancewicz S. , Skrzydlewska E. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn recent years, the number of patients suffering from Lyme Disease (LD) has significantly increased. The most dangerous manifestation of LD is neuroborreliosis associated with invasion of the central nervous system by Borrelia burgdorferi. Phospholipids (PL) and their metabolites are involved in inflammation, which plays a dominant, but still unclear, role in the pathogenesis of neuroborreliosis. We analyzed the plasma PL profiles of neuroborreliosis patients (n = 8) and healthy volunteers (n = 8) using a lipidomic approach. Significant increases in the lysophosphatidylcholines LysoPtdCho 16:0 and LysoPtdCho 18:2 were observed. The plasma of neuroborreliosis patients appeared to have an increased relative abundance of sphingomyelin CerPCho d18:1/24:1 and a decrease in CerPCho d18:0/18:0. Principal components analysis of the relative abundances of all PL class species distinguished between neuroborreliosis patients and healthy subjects. This is the first report comparing PL classes and their molecular species in neuroborreliosis patients and healthy subjects.
Development of a Japanese version of the SARC-F for diabetic patients: an examination of reliability and validity
Authors: Ida Satoshi , Murata Kazuya , Nakadachi Daiki , Ishihara Yuki , Imataka Kanako , Uchida Akihiro , Monguchi Kou , Kaneko Ryutaro , Fujiwara Ryoko , Takahashi Hiroka 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background
SARC-F is a 5-item, self-administered questionnaire developed to screen sarcopenia. To date, no Japanese version of the SARC-F has been developed.

Aims
To create a Japanese version of the SARC-F (SARC-F-J), a questionnaire for diabetic patients, and to investigate its reliability and validity.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. A Japanese translation of the SARC-F was created and revised, and the authors of the original version of the SARC-F verified the back-translation. The questionnaire was tested in diabetic outpatients aged ≥65 years who had received treatment at our hospital. After 14 weeks, the kappa coefficient was used to evaluate the retest reliability. Using the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia based on the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People as the reference standard, we calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the SARC-F-J.

Results
The study comprised 207 patients (men, 60.8%; women, 39.2%). The kappa coefficient was 0.66. For men and women, the sensitivities were 14.6 and 33.3%, specificities were 85.8 and 72.4%, positive predictive values were 33.3 and 17.3%, and negative predictive values were 65.7 and 86.2%, respectively.

Discussion
The probability of identifying the condition is considered high when patients are diagnosed with sarcopenia using SARC-F-J.

Conclusions
The retest reliability of SARC-F-J was regarded to be good. When EWGSOP was assumed as a reference, the specificity of SARC-F-J was high. Because the sensitivity was low, patients with sarcopenia could not be screened, and hence, attention is needed.
d-Cycloserine Addition to Exposure Sessions in the Treatment of Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: de Leeuw A.S. , van Megen H.J.G.M. , Kahn R.S. , Westenberg H.G.M. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundPreliminary studies have shown that the addition of the partial NMDA-agonist d-cycloserine (DCS) might be promising in enhancing the results of exposure therapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We examined the effect of DCS addition to exposure therapy in a somewhat larger sample of OCD patients with special attention to subgroups, because of the heterogeneity of OCD.MethodsA randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial was conducted in 39 patients with OCD. Patients received 6 guided exposure sessions, once a week. One hour before each session 125 mg DCS or placebo was administered.ResultsScores on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) declined more in the DCS group than in the placebo group, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.076, partial η2 = 0.13). Response percentages also did not differ between the DCS and the placebo group (37% and 15% respectively). In the ‘cleaning/contamination’ subgroup a significant effect was found in favour of DCS (P = 0.033, partial η2 = 0.297).ConclusionsThe results of this study did not support the application of DCS to exposure therapy in OCD. Some specific aspects need further investigation: efficacy of DCS in a larger ‘cleaning/contamination’ (sub-)group, DCS addition only after successful sessions, interaction with antidepressants.
Epicardially placed implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator for a child with congenital long QT syndrome
Authors: Sugiyama Hirotaro , Tachibana Motomi , Morita Hiroshi , Nishii Nobuhiro , Miyoshi Akihito , Sugiyama Hiroyasu , Nakagawa Koji , Watanabe Atsuyuki , Nakamura Kazufumi , Ito Hiroshi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA 7‐year‐old boy presented at our hospital with syncope. At birth, electrocardiography had shown a long QT interval with torsade de pointes (TdP). Congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) had been diagnosed by genetic testing, and was successfully controlled with oral propranolol. At age 7, TdP had recurred with syncope. Electrocardiography revealed a prominent long QT interval with T‐wave alternans. The propranolol dose was increased, but TdP remained uncontrolled. A cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) was implanted epicardially, and TdP completely resolved with atrial pacing. We report this rare case of ICD implantation in a child with LQTS.
Management of Severe Hemiballismus: Treatment Challenges in the Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation Setting: A Case Presentation
Authors: Hodde Michael , Rowe Kelly E. , Surapaneni Krishna , Terrigno Phillip , Brighenti Anthony , Altschuler Eric L. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe report a case of a patient with profound right‐sided hemiballismus resulting from an acute unilateral left thalamic lesion. The hemiballismus was significant and persistent, resulting in profound functional disability. We discuss the use of low‐dose haloperidol in conjunction with acute rehabilitation in the treatment of hemiballismus, resulting in decreased amplitude and frequency of adventitious movements and leading to substantial functional gains in our patient. To our knowledge, this is the first extensive report of successful rehabilitation of a patient with functionally disabling hemiballismus.Level of EvidenceV
The Strengthening Effect of Electrical Stimulation on Lumbar Paraspinal Muscles in the Sitting Position: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Choi Young‐Ah , Lee Shi‐Uk 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundSedentary lifestyle, a prevalent finding in modern society, can lead to weakness of the lumbar trunk musculature. Electrical stimulation (ES), in addition to lumbar strengthening exercises, has been shown to increase muscle strength.ObjectiveTo assess the strengthening effect of ES on the lumbar paraspinal muscles during prolonged sitting.DesignRandomized, controlled, single‐blind study.SettingTertiary hospital.ParticipantsThirty healthy subjects without low back pain.MethodsThirty participants were randomly assigned to the ES group (n = 15) or the control group (n = 15). ES was administered over the lumbar paraspinal muscles, while subjects maintained a seated posture, at a maximal tolerable intensity for 60 minutes per day, three times per week, for 4 consecutive weeks. An identical protocol was used in the control group with muscle stimulation provided at the minimal sensory threshold intensity.Main Outcome MeasurementsThe isokinetic strength of the lumbar paraspinal muscles was evaluated at baseline, 4 weeks after the initiation of ES, and 8 weeks after the initiation of ES with an isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex Medical Dynamometer System−4) at 60°/s and 120°/s angular velocities.ResultsThe extension and flexion peak torque at 60°/s showed no significant interaction between the time and intervention or between the interventions. However, after 4 weeks of ES in the sitting position, the isokinetic extensor trunk muscle strength measured at 120°/s angular velocity significantly increased in the ES group (P < .05) compared with that in the control group. This effect was not maintained when measured at 4 weeks after the cessation of ES.ConclusionsES in a sitting position is a potentially effective and accessible rehabilitation treatment, which can lead to short‐term improvement in the extensor trunk muscle strength of the lumbar paraspinal muscles.Level of EvidenceI
Diet and habitat of mesomammals and megamammals from Cedral, San Luis Potosí, México
Authors: PÉREZ-CRESPO VÍCTOR ADRIÁN , ARROYO-CABRALES JOAQUÍN , MORALES-PUENTE PEDRO , CIENFUEGOS-ALVARADO EDITH , OTERO FRANCISCO J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractUsing carbon and oxygen isotopic relationships from dental enamel, diet and habitat were inferred for both mesomammals and megamammals that lived in Cedral (San Luis Potosi, north-central México) during Late Pleistocene time. δ13C and δ18O values show that bison, some horses and mammoth were eating C4plants and lived in open areas, while tapir, camel and some llamas ate C3plants and inhabited closed areas. All other studied herbivores (pronghorn, glyptodont, mylodont ground sloth, javelina, mastodon, and other llamas, horses and mammoth) had a C3/C4mixed diet, living in areas with some percentage of tree coverage. On the other hand, American lion and dire wolf ate either C4or mixed-diet herbivores, and short-faced bear ate C3herbivores. At Cedral, more humid conditions existed than presently, allowing the presence of a forested area near the grassland.
Linking language and categorization in infancy
Authors: FERGUSON BROCK , WAXMAN SANDRA 
Published: November 2016

AbstractLanguage exerts a powerful influence on our concepts. We review evidence documenting the developmental origins of a precocious link between language and object categories in very young infants. This collection of studies documents a cascading process in which early links between language and cognition provide the foundation for later, more precise ones. We propose that, early in life, language promotes categorization at least in part through its status as a social, communicative signal. But over the first year, infants home in on the referential power of language and, by their second year, begin teasing apart distinct kinds of names (e.g. nouns, adjectives) and their relation to distinct kinds of concepts (e.g. object categories, properties). To complement this proposal, we also relate this evidence to several alternative accounts of language's effect on categorization, appealing to similarity (‘labels-as-features’), familiarity (‘auditory overshadowing’), and communicative biases (‘natural pedagogy’).
Does physical exercise improve ADL capacities in people over 65 years with moderate or severe dementia hospitalized in an acute psychiatric setting? A multisite randomized clinical trial
Authors: Bürge Elisabeth , Berchtold André , Maupetit Christine , Bourquin Nathalie M.-P. , von Gunten Armin , Ducraux Daniel , Zumbach Serge , Peeters Anne , Kuhne Nicolas 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTBackground:Several studies on the effect of physical exercise on activities of daily living (ADL) for people with dementia exist; yet, data concerning the specific context of acute psychiatric hospitals remain scant. This study measured the effect of a physical exercise program on ADL scores in patients with moderate to severe dementia hospitalized in an acute psychiatric ward.Methods:A multicenter clinical trial was conducted in five Swiss and Belgian psychiatric hospitals. Participants were randomly allocated to either an experimental group (EG) or a control group (CG). Members of the EG received 20 physical exercise sessions (strengthening, balance, and walking) over a four-week period while members of the CG participated in social interaction sessions of equivalent duration and frequency, but without physical exercise. The effect of exercise on ADL was measured by comparing scores of the Barthel Index and the Functional Independence Measure in the EG and CG before and after the intervention, and two weeks later.Results:Hundred and sixty patients completed the program. Characteristics of participants of both groups were similar at the inception of the study. The mean ADL score of EG decreased slightly over time, whereas that of the CG significantly decreased compared to initial scores. Overall differences between groups were not significant; however, significant differences were found for mobility-related items.Conclusions:ADL scores in elderly with moderate to severe dementia deteriorate during acute psychiatric hospitalization. An exercise program delays the loss of mobility but does not have a significant impact on overall ADL scores.
Extensive coronary and systemic arterial aneurysm development in severe refractory Kawasaki disease
Authors: Johnston Niall , Coleman David , McMahon Colin J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe describe the case of an 8-week-old infant with late presentation of severe refractory atypical Kawasaki disease. In addition to developing giant coronary arterial aneurysms and coronary thrombosis, she formed extensive bilateral arterial aneurysms throughout her systemic circulation.
Truncus arteriosus versus tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia
Authors: Greenhouse David G. , Breitbart Roger E. , Baird Christopher W. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractTruncus arteriosus and tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia may be difficult to differentiate prenatally. We present a case that, on newborn echocardiography, angiography, and intraoperative inspection, shared features of both diagnoses.
What is the role of conventional antidepressants in the treatment of major depressive episodes with Mixed Features Specifier?
Authors: Faedda Gianni L. , Marangoni Ciro 
Published: November 2016

The newly introduced Mixed Features Specifier of Major Depressive Episode and Disorder (MDE/MDD) is especially challenging in terms of pharmacological management. Prior to the publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, the symptoms of the mixed features specifier were intradepressive hypomanic symptoms, always and only associated with bipolar disorder (BD).Intradepressive hypomanic symptoms, mostly referred to as depressive mixed states (DMX), have been poorly characterized, and their treatment offers significant challenges. To understand the diagnostic context of DMX, we trace the nosological changes and collocation of intradepressive hypomanic symptoms, and examine diagnostic and prognostic implications of such mixed features.One of the reasons so little is known about the treatment of DMX is that depressed patients with rapid cycling, substance abuse disorder, and suicidal ideation/attempts are routinely excluded from clinical trials of antidepressants. The exclusion of DMX patients from clinical trials has prevented an assessment of the safety and tolerability of short- and long-term use of antidepressants. Therefore, the generalization of data obtained in clinical trials for unipolar depression to patients with intradepressive hypomanic features is inappropriate and methodologically flawed.A selective review of the literature shows that antidepressants alone have limited efficacy in DMX, but they have the potential to induce, maintain, or worsen mixed features during depressive episodes in BD. On the other hand, preliminary evidence supports the effective use of some atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of DMX.