bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An unlikely hero? Challenging stigma through community engagement
Authors: Best David 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe a high-profile social enterprise in Blackpool, England, called Jobs, Friends and Houses (JFH) that has created a visible social identity of recovery and meaningful activity, to assess how stigma is challenged through active and visible community engagement.

Design/methodology/approach
– Case study based on in-depth individual interview and focus group, supplemented by participant in-depth interviews.

Findings
– The paper describes one particular incident in which a worker at JFH intervened in a violent attack, possibly saving a woman’s life. The paper describes the experiences of internalised stigma and external exclusion being challenged by the development of a positive social identity and a pro-social community role that has high visibility. Data are presented showing the strong social identity experienced by participants and recognised by external stakeholders.

Research limitations/implications
– This is a pilot study which uses an opportunistic design and much stronger longitudinal designs will be needed to address the issues raised in the paper.

Social implications
– The paper argues that the visibility of the pro-social identity has been central to challenging stereotypes and discriminating attitudes and suggests that a social identity approach may be central to generating and sustaining a recovery community and to confronting and reversing long-held stigmatised attitudes.

Originality/value
– The paper is important as it discusses the impact of recovery through engagement in meaningful activities that challenge stigma and exclusion through work. The paper is framed in terms of a social identity model of recovery.
Experimental public administration from 1992 to 2014
Authors: Bouwman Robin , Grimmelikhuijsen Stephan 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– Based on previous inventories, the purpose of this paper is to extend the knowledge on public administration experiments by focusing on their experimental type, design, sample type and realism levels and external validity. The aim is to provide an overview of experimental public administration and formulate potential ways forward.Design/methodology/approach– The authors examine the current state of experimental public administration, by looking at a systematic selection of ISI ranked experimental publications in major public administration journals (1992-2014) and recommend ways forward based on this review.Findings– The review indicates a rise in experimentation in public administration in recent years, this can be attributed mostly to some subfields of public administration. Furthermore, most experiments in public administration tend to have relatively simple designs, high experimental realism and a focus on external validity. Experimental public administration can be strengthened by increasing diversification in terms of samples, experimental designs, experimental types and substantive scope. Finally, the authors recommend to better utilize experiments to generate usable knowledge for practitioners and to replicate experiments to improve scientific rigour.Originality/value– This paper contributes to experimental public administration by drawing on a systematic selection of papers and assessing them in depth. By means of a transparent and systematic selection of publications, various venues or ways forward are presented.
Crowdsourcing for a better world
Authors: Choy Katherine , Schlagwein Daniel 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The purpose of the paper is to better understand the relation between information technology (IT) affordances and donor motivations in charitable crowdfunding.Design/methodology/approach– This paper reports the findings from a comparative case study of two charitable crowdfunding campaigns.Findings– The affordances of crowdfunding platforms support types of donor motivation that are not supported effectively, or at all, in offline charity.Research limitations/implications– For future researchers, the paper provides a theoretical model of the relation between IT affordances and motivations in the context of charitable crowdfunding.Practical/implications– For practitioners in the charity space, the paper suggests why they may wish to consider the use of charitable crowdfunding and how they may go about its implementation.Originality/value– Based on field research at two charitable crowdfunding campaigns, the paper provides a new theoretical model.
The dual impact of online communication on older adults’ social connectivity
Authors: Hage Eveline , Wortmann Hans , van Offenbeek Marjolein , Boonstra Albert 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– In today’s aging world online communication is often viewed as a means to enhance social connectivity, and therefore well-being, of older adults. However, previous research on the influence of online communication on social connectivity largely disregards older adults, yields conflicting results and fails to assess the – debatable − causal direction of relationship. The purpose of this paper is to overcome these issues by developing four hypotheses related to who uses what, how, with whom.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors use a panel data study to test the hypotheses, including 302 older adults. Response rates are between 62 and 75 percent.

Findings
– The authors find, first, that older adults differentiate between social connectivity with other village members, i.e., village connectivity, and connectivity with friends. Second, the impact of online communication varies among these two types of social connectivity. Where e-mail use has a negative impact on village connectivity, it does not affect connectivity with friends. Facebook use on the other hand has a negative impact on connectivity with friends, but not on village connectivity. The negative effects were not found among those older adults that were already well-connected on forehand, indicating a buffer effect.

Practical/implications
– Policy makers’ implementing online communication tools to strengthen social connectivity of older adults, may want to carefully select tools based on the type of connectivity they aim to enhance. Impact needs to be monitored.

Originality/value
– The authors contribute by analyzing how characteristics of online communication tools, i.e., information richness and privacy protection, as well as social connectivity, i.e., geographical proximity and emotional closeness jointly shape older adults’ social connectivity.
The Internet of Things and its impact on the library
Authors: Massis Bruce 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to consider the Internet of Things (IOT) and its potential impact on libraries.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper presents a literature review and a commentary on this topic that have been addressed by professionals, researchers and practitioners.

Findings
– In communicating the issues when comprehending the scope of the IOT, libraries need not succumb to the sometimes near-hysteria that surrounds the rhetoric regarding security and privacy. But, librarians must actively engage in the conversation and its subsequent actions to respond to patrons who use library networks and devices with calm, logical and transparent answers to those questions concerning what they are doing to ensure that security and privacy vulnerabilities are regularly addressed.

Originality/value
– The value in concentrating on this topic is to provide background and suggest several approaches to security and privacy concerns regarding the IOT.
Symptoms and their recognition in adult haemodialysis patients: Interactions with quality of life
Authors: Raj Rajesh , Ahuja Kiran DK , Frandsen Mai , Jose Matthew 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAimWe investigated the symptom burden in adults on haemodialysis, the recognition of symptoms by nurses and nephrologists, and the relationship between symptoms and quality of life.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional observational study, symptoms and quality of life in haemodialysis patients were determined using validated surveys. Nurses and nephrologists independently estimated their patients' symptoms, and these estimates were compared with patient responses (sensitivity; kappa values for interrater agreement). Associations between symptoms and quality of life were assessed using multi‐level regression.ResultsForty‐three patients, 18 nurses and 3 nephrologists participated. The commonest symptoms (95%CI) reported by patients were weakness, 69% (53 to 82); poor mobility, 44% (29 to 60); and drowsiness, 44% (29 to 60). Sensitivity less than 50% was seen towards 11 of 17 symptoms in nurse ratings compared with 15 of 17 in nephrologist ratings. Agreement with patient symptom ratings was mostly ‘fair’ (0.21–0.4), with nurses' scores showing greater agreement than nephrologists'. Physical, mental and kidney disease component summary scores of quality of life were negatively associated with total symptom score and the number of ‘major’ symptoms (r2 values 0.3–0.36); while with multivariate regression, 50% to 60% of the variance in these scores was accounted for by parsimonious models containing symptoms such as pain and poor mobility.ConclusionSymptom burden worsened quality of life scores in haemodialysis patients. Clinician recognition of symptom burden was inaccurate, although nurses were more accurate than nephrologists. Using patient‐completed surveys or including dialysis nurse feedback in routine outpatient settings may help improve symptom recognition by nephrologists.
Does plant apparency matter? Thirty years of data provide limited support but reveal clear patterns of the effects of plant chemistry on herbivores
Authors: Smilanich Angela M. , Fincher R. Malia , Dyer Lee A. 
Published: February 2016

Summary

According to the plant‐apparency hypothesis, apparent plants allocate resources to quantitative defenses that negatively affect generalist and specialist herbivores, while unapparent plants invest more in qualitative defenses that negatively affect nonadapted generalists. Although this hypothesis has provided a useful framework for understanding the evolution of plant chemical defense, there are many inconsistencies surrounding associated predictions, and it has been heavily criticized and deemed obsolete.

We used a hierarchical Bayesian meta‐analysis model to test whether defenses from apparent and unapparent plants differ in their effects on herbivores. We collected a total of 225 effect sizes from 158 published papers in which the effects of plant chemistry on herbivore performance were reported.

As predicted by the plant‐apparency hypothesis, we found a prevalence of quantitative defenses in woody plants and qualitative defenses in herbaceous plants. However, the detrimental impacts of qualitative defenses were more effective against specialists than generalists, and the effects of chemical defenses did not significantly differ between specialists and generalists for woody or herbaceous plants.

A striking pattern that emerged from our data was a pervasiveness of beneficial effects of secondary metabolites on herbivore performance, especially generalists. This pattern provides evidence that herbivores are evolving effective counteradaptations to putative plant defenses.
Dynamic fractal signature dissimilarity analysis for therapeutic response assessment using dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI
Authors: Wang Chunhao , Subashi Ergys , Yin Fang‐Fang , Chang Zheng 
Published: February 2016

Purpose:To develop a dynamic fractal signature dissimilarity (FSD) method as a novel image texture analysis technique for the quantification of tumor heterogeneity information for better therapeutic response assessment with dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE)‐MRI.Methods:A small animal antiangiogenesis drug treatment experiment was used to demonstrate the proposed method. Sixteen LS‐174T implanted mice were randomly assigned into treatment and control groups (n = 8/group). All mice received bevacizumab (treatment) or saline (control) three times in two weeks, and one pretreatment and two post‐treatment DCE‐MRI scans were performed. In the proposed dynamic FSD method, a dynamic FSD curve was generated to characterize the heterogeneity evolution during the contrast agent uptake, and the area under FSD curve (AUCFSD) and the maximum enhancement (MEFSD) were selected as representative parameters. As for comparison, the pharmacokinetic parameter Ktrans map and area under MR intensity enhancement curve AUCMR map were calculated. Besides the tumor's mean value and coefficient of variation, the kurtosis, skewness, and classic Rényi dimensions d1 and d2 of Ktrans and AUCMR maps were evaluated for heterogeneity assessment for comparison. For post‐treatment scans, the Mann–Whitney U‐test was used to assess the differences of the investigated parameters between treatment/control groups. The support vector machine (SVM) was applied to classify treatment/control groups using the investigated parameters at each post‐treatment scan day.Results:The tumor mean Ktrans and its heterogeneity measurements d1 and d2 values showed significant differences between treatment/control groups in the second post‐treatment scan. In contrast, the relative values (in reference to the pretreatment value) of AUCFSD and MEFSD in both post‐treatment scans showed significant differences between treatment/control groups. When using AUCFSD and MEFSD as SVM input for treatment/control classification, the achieved accuracies were 93.8% and 93.8% at first and second post‐treatment scan days, respectively. In comparison, the classification accuracies using d1 and d2 of Ktrans map were 87.5% and 100% at first and second post‐treatment scan days, respectively.Conclusions:As quantitative metrics of tumor contrast agent uptake heterogeneity, the selected parameters from the dynamic FSD method accurately captured the therapeutic response in the experiment. The potential application of the proposed method is promising, and its addition to the existing DCE‐MRI techniques could improve DCE‐MRI performance in early assessment of treatment response.
Physical Activity Coparticipation and Independent Mobility as Correlates of Objectively Measured Nonschool Physical Activity in Different School Grades: The UP&DOWN Study
Authors: Garcia-Cervantes Laura , D’Haese Sara , Izquierdo-Gomez Rocio , Padilla-Moledo Carmen , Fernandez-Santos Jorge R. , Cardon Greet , Veiga Oscar Luis 
Published: February 2016

Background:The aim was to investigate the association of (i) parental, sibling, and friend coparticipation in physical activity (PA); and (ii) independent mobility (IM) for walking, cycling, and taking public transport with objectively measured nonschool PA on week- and weekend days in different school grades.Methods:A total of 1376 Spanish youngsters (50.8% boys; mean age 11.96 ± 2.48 years) participated in the study. Participants reported the frequency of their parental, sibling, and best friend coparticipation in PA with them and their IM for walking, cycling, and taking public transport. PA was objectively measured by accelerometry.Results:Coparticipation in PA and IM were more frequently related to nonschool PA among adolescents than among children. Friend coparticipation in PA was positively associated with higher levels of nonschool PA in adolescents. IM for walking and IM for cycling in adolescents were related to nonschool PA on weekdays.Conclusions:Our results highlight the need for age-focused interventions and the integration of family and friends to promote PA in youth.
Genome Sequence of a Gram-Positive Diazotroph, Paenibacillus durus Type Strain ATCC 35681
Authors: Halim Mardani Abdul , Rahman Ahmad Yamin , Sim Kee-Shin , Yam Hok-Chai , Rahim Ainihayati Abdul , Ghazali Amir Hamzah Ahmad , Najimudin Nazalan 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
Paenibacillus durus
type strain ATCC 35681, which can fix atmospheric nitrogen even in the presence of nitrate.
How often are interventions in cluster-randomised controlled trials of complex interventions in general practices effective and reasons for potential shortcomings? Protocol and results of a feasibility project for a systematic review
Authors: Siebenhofer Andrea , Erckenbrecht Stefanie , Pregartner Gudrun , Berghold Andrea , Muth Christiane 
Published: February 2016

IntroductionMost studies conducted at general practices investigate complex interventions and increasingly use cluster-randomised controlled trail (c-RCT) designs to do so. Our primary objective is to evaluate how frequently complex interventions are shown to be more, equally or less effective than routine care in c-RCTs with a superior design. The secondary aim is to discover whether the quality of a c-RCT determines the likelihood of the complex intervention being effective.Methods and analysisAll c-RCTs of any design that have a patient-relevant primary outcome and with a duration of at least 1 year will be included. The search will be performed in three electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR)). The screening process, data collection, quality assessment and statistical data analyses (if suitably similar and of adequate quality) will be performed in accordance with requirements of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. A feasibility project was carried out that was restricted to a search in MEDLINE and the CCTR for c-RCTs published in 1 of the 8 journals that are most relevant to general practice. The process from trial selection to data collection, assessment and results presentation was piloted. Of the 512 abstracts identified during the feasibility search, 21 studies examined complex interventions in a general practice setting. Extrapolating the preliminary search to include all relevant c-RCTs in three databases, about 5000 abstracts and 150 primary studies are expected to be identified in the main study. 14 studies included in the feasibility project (67%) did not show a positive effect on a primary patient-relevant end point.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not being sought for this review. Findings will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journals that frequently publish articles on the results of c-RCTs and through presentations at international conferences.Trial registration numberPROSPERO CRD201400923.
Association between direct and indirect smoking and osteoarthritis prevalence in Koreans: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kang Kyungrae , Shin Joon-Shik , Lee Jinho , Lee Yoon Jae , Kim Me-riong , Park Ki Byung , Ha In-Hyuk 
Published: February 2016

ObjectivesTo assess the association between smoking patterns and knee and hip joint osteoarthritis (OA) prevalence in Koreans aged 50 years or older with focus on knee OA.DesignCross-sectional study using nationally representative data.SettingData were collected at portable Health Examination Centres in Korea.ParticipantsData of 9064 participants of the 5th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010–2012) aged 50 years or older who received knee or hip joint X-rays out of 31 596 total surveyees were analysed.Primary outcome measuresOA prevalence by smoking behaviour (current smoking, past smoking, indirect smoking and non-smoking).Secondary outcome measuresEstimated risk of OA by smoking amount, period, pack-years and indirect smoking exposure time to assess the association between smoking-related factors and knee OA by calculating ORs and adjusting for covariates in a complex sampling design. A multinomial logistic regression analysis and backward elimination method was used.ResultsOA prevalence in Koreans aged 50 years or older was 13.9%, with prevalence about 3.5 times higher in women (men 5.7%, women 20.1%). ORs for knee and hip joint OA prevalence by smoking behaviour in male indirect-smokers were lower than those in non-smokers in age and sex (OR 0.271; 95% CI 0.088 to 0.828), and selective adjustments (OR 0.314; 95% CI 0.102 to 0.966). All other analyses for smoking behaviour and total OA prevalence, and knee OA prevalence were not significantly different. Associations between smoking amount, period, pack-years and knee OA prevalence were non-significant in ever-smokers. Associations between indirect smoking exposure time and knee OA prevalence were also non-significant.ConclusionsThis study found that though direct and previous smoking and OA prevalence were not associated, there was a weak relationship between indirect smoking and OA.
Hearing loss in workers exposed to epoxy adhesives and noise: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yang Hsiao-Yu , Shie Ruei-Hao , Chen Pau-Chung 
Published: February 2016

ObjectivesEpoxy adhesives contain organic solvents and are widely used in industry. The hazardous effects of epoxy adhesives remain unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the risk of hearing loss among workers exposed to epoxy adhesives and noise.DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsFor this cross-sectional study, we recruited 182 stone workers who were exposed to both epoxy adhesives and noise, 89 stone workers who were exposed to noise only, and 43 workers from the administrative staff who had not been exposed to adhesives or noise. We obtained demographic data, occupational history and medical history through face-to-face interviews and arranged physical examinations and pure-tone audiometric tests. We also conducted walk-through surveys in the stone industry. A total of 40 representative noise assessments were conducted in 15 workplaces. Air sampling was conducted at 40 workplaces, and volatile organic compounds were analysed using the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) TO-15 method.ResultsThe mean sound pressure level was 87.7 dBA (SD 9.9). The prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss was considerably increased in the stone workers exposed to epoxy adhesives (42%) compared with the stone workers who were not exposed to epoxy adhesives (21%) and the administrative staff group (9.3%). A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that exposure to epoxy adhesives significantly increased the risk of hearing loss between 2 and 6 kHz after adjusting for age. Significant interactions between epoxy adhesives and noise and hearing impairment were observed at 3, 4 and 6 kHz.ConclusionsEpoxy adhesives exacerbate hearing impairment in noisy environments, with the main impacts occurring in the middle and high frequencies.