bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship of Overweight and Obesity with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Narrative Review
Authors: Jha Roshan Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Globally, chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become the foremost cause of global illness and death. Previously, it was considered a health issue in developed countries only; as of now, 4 out of 5 deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries is due to chronic kidney disease. Obesity is defined as the accumulation of excessive body fat uncharacteristically, which may develop into impaired health. In literature, by the WHO, overweight is characterized by a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2; and obesity is characterized by a BMI greater than or equal to 30 Kg/m2. The prevalence of obesity-associated renal disorders has become greater than before by 10-fold in recent years. Glomerulomegaly, enlargement of the glomerulus, is one of the characterized clinical features of obesity, followed by an increase in glomerular filtration rate. All prospective, retrospective cohort observational studies focused on assessing the relationship between higher BMI, overweight, obesity, and CKD were included. Articles published in Electronic databases (PubMed, CENTRAL, Web of Science, Google scholar) were analyzed for the present study. Obesity has been increasing with years, as of the data of 1975 to 2020 it has increased three times, categorically 13% of grown people aged 18 years and above were obese, 39% of adults were overweight, and the number of children under the age of 5 reported obese and, overweight was 39 million in 2020. Twenty-one studies were assessed based on the requirement, after which eight articles were included. Finding suggests central obesity has major role in impairment of renal function and resulting in CKD. It is clear that obesity has a very significant association with CKD. The present narrative review supports the hypothesis that a higher BMI of 25 or above, overweight, and obesity might be risk factors for CKD.
Exploring Adolescent Sexual Health: Knowledge, Attitude, and Communication with Parents in a Pilot Study
Authors: Rokade Vijay Premanand , Maurya Archana Tejnarayan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Adolescent sexual health (ASH) is a crucial aspect of public health, as it has a significant impact on the physical, mental, and social well-being of adolescents. Parents play a significant role in educating their children about ASH, but adolescents face many challenges communicating with their parents. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and communication with parents of adolescents on ASH and evaluate the efficacy of the workshop method for ASH education on knowledge, attitude, and communication with their parents.

Materials and Methods:
This preexperimental study was conducted among 26 adolescents aged 13–18 years, using purposive sampling in the secondary schools of Nagpur city. The participants were divided into two groups: an experimental group (n = 13) and a control group (n = 13). A validated tool with three parts was used to collect data: demographic information, a knowledge questionnaire with 35 multiple-choice items, and an attitude scale with a communication checklist with 25 items. The workshop method was used to educate the experimental group. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:
The findings revealed that the adolescents had inadequate knowledge and attitudes toward ASH, and most reported poor communication with their parents. However, the workshop method was effective in improving the experimental group’s knowledge, attitudes, and communication.

Conclusion:
The study highlights the importance of addressing ASH education among adolescents and emphasizes the need for parental involvement. The workshop method effectively improved knowledge, attitudes, and communication among adolescents on ASH.
Assessment of the Need for Work-life Balance Among Dental Professionals
Authors: Parakh Himani , Makhmur Safeya , Demanna Sumant , Thosar Nilima , Rathi Nilesh , Chandra Aakriti 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
In the current fast-moving and dynamic professional world, establishing an optimal work-life balance has become a top priority for individuals who desire success at the workplace and in their personal lives as well. This article glimpses into the many aspects of work-life balance, discussing its importance, concerns, and some practical suggestions for achieving this balance. The objective of this study was to find out the awareness and knowledge regarding the necessity for work-life balance among dental professionals.

Materials and Methods:
A questionnaire consisting of 15 questions intended to assess the interdependency of work and nonwork day-to-day activities was asked to be filled out by the practicing dental professionals. The results were based on the responses recorded by 30 clinically active dentists from various areas of Maharashtra state.

Results:
The survey results provide a statistically nonsignificant difference in work-life balance among dentists as the statistical difference was <0.05. The inference of this study lays a foundation for ongoing discussions and actions aimed at further improving the work-life balance of dental practitioners, ultimately contributing to a healthier and more sustainable dental workforce.

Conclusion:
This study serves as an informative resource for dental professionals trying to negotiate the difficulties of today’s work-life balance while cultivating a way of life prioritizing holistic development.
Development of Neurospecific Assessment Scale for Nomophobics – An Observational Study
Authors: Chitra Jeba , Joshi Khushi Harshad 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Nomophobia is a condition where people feel anxious or tense when they need to disconnect from their phone or other Internet-connected devices. Because of this elevated level of dependence on modern gadgets to offload the cognitive demands of life, anxiety develops when they are expected to be detached from it. The role of neurospecific domains such as cognitive flexibility, memory, attention, information processing, inhibitory control, and reward perception has previously been studied in nomophobics. However, there is no tool developed yet that quantifies the affection of these neurospecific domains in nomophobics.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to develop a scale for the assessment of “Neurospecific Domains” (in terms of memory, attention, cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control, information processing, and reward perception) among nomophobics.

Methods:
The neurospecific assessment scale for nomophobics (NSASN) was developed using a multistep method which included conceptualization and item generation followed by one round of expert validation of the item and of the scale. The content validity index was used to validate the various domains in the scale.

Results:
The computed content validity final score for Round 1 of the scale was found to be 0.79.

Conclusion:
The NSASN was developed to assess neurospecific domains among nomophobics and achieved a statistically satisfactory content validity.
Utility of Hemogram-based Parameter in Predicting Hospital Stay in Liver Cirrhosis: A 2-year Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Shah Param , Reddy Harshitha , Patil Rajvardhan , Kadam Abhinav , Kumar Sunil , Acharya Sourya , Agarwal Sachin , Vohra Mona 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Hospitalized cirrhosis patients are a major financial burden on health-care systems. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the regular laboratory parameter like absolute eosinophil count (AEC), in liver cirrhosis in relation to length of hospital stay and severity grading systems such as the Child–Turcotte–Pugh (CTP) score and the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD).

Materials and Methods:
A prospective observational study was done in patients at a rural tertiary care hospital in central India, from October 2019 to September 2020. Calculation of AEC was done by automated complete blood counts in hemogram. Demographics of the patient, laboratory investigations, and outcomes of hospital stay were taken into consideration in the study. To identify predictors of hospital stay, a multivariate Cox regression analysis was used.

Results:
Among hemogram, with a cutoff value of ≤138, the AEC was found to be a significant predictor of lengthy hospital stays (≥7 days), with a 63.70% likelihood of properly predicting such stays. If AEC ≤138, then there was a 69.80% probability of prolonged hospital stays. Distribution of CTP score was comparable between hospital stay duration, i.e. <7 days and ≥7 days. Proportion of patients with MELD score with ≤9, was significantly higher if duration of hospital stay was <7 as compared to hospital stay duration ≥7 in MELD score 10-19.

Conclusions:
In hospitalized cirrhotic patients, among the hemogram, the AEC may be used as a low-cost warning indicator for clinical outcomes such as hospital stay.
Effect of Backward Walking on Treadmill with Inclination in Individuals with Forward Head Posture: A Comparative Study
Authors: Kamble Sanjivani , Kothari Parita , Kale Pratiksha , Joshi Jyoti , Kadam Aarti , Palekar Tushar J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Forward head posture (FHP) is one of the most common postural abnormalities found in undergraduates (18–30 years), with a prevalence rate of 73%. If the cervical spine is held in a protracted position, such as hyperextension of the upper cervical spine (C1-C3) and flexion of the lower cervical spine (C4-C7), it can cause changes in head posture, eventually leading to FHP.

Aims:
This study aimed to determine the effect of backward walking (BW) on the surface and on treadmill with inclination in individuals with FHP.

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to compare the effect of surface BW and BW on treadmill with inclination on the craniovertebral angle (CVA) and gait outcomes in individuals with FHP.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty-two participants were recruited and randomly assigned to the surface BW group (n = 31) and BW on treadmill with inclination (n = 31). Participants fulfilled the pre- and postassessment with a 2 weeks (three times per week) intervention of BW in conjunction with conventional exercises. The CVA was measured using Markus Bader ruler software. Gait outcomes were assessed using Neurocom Balance Master, walk across component was selected.

Results:
The present study implemented statistical tests such as paired t-test and unpaired t-test for the recorded data.

Conclusion:
BW has shown a significant difference in the CVA and some components of gait outcomes in within the group analysis, whereas in between the group analysis, there is a significant difference in some gait outcomes.
Neonatal Giant and Open Neural Tube Defects: Challenges and Lesions Learnt
Authors: Sharma Nitin , Sharma Shipra , Sharma Mini , Sharma Hemant 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Management of large/open neural tube defects (NTDs) is challenging and outcome is demanding.

Aims:
To analyze the outcomes in giant NTDs.

Materials and Methods:
The data between June 2017 and September 2022 were analyzed. Those with incomplete data, not giving consent or lost to follow-up, were excluded. All underwent closure using primary closure, Z plasty, or rhomboid flap. Dura closure was achieved with native dura augmented with thoracolumber fascia. The outcome was analyzed with respect to duration of surgery, blood loss, requirement of Z plasty for closure, wound infection, blackening of the flaps, cerebrospinal fluid leak, and features of sepsis.

Result:
164 out of 243 cases formed the study group. Mean age at presentation was 4 days (range 0–28 days). Mean duration of surgery was 2 days (range 1–3 days). Mean operating time was 1.15 hours (range 0.45–3.15 hours). Hydrocephalous was present in 146 cases and all required ventriculo peritoneal shunt. Lower limb paraplegia and spasticity were present in 63 and 23 cases. Skin closure was achieved by primary closure in 23, double Z plasty in 76, and rhomboid flap in 65 cases. Wound infection and blackening of flap were seen in 13 and 1 case in double Z plasty and 6 and 7 cases in rhomboid flap group, respectively (P = 0.7). cerebrospinal fluid leak was seen in 8 cases. Wound dehiscence and sepsis were seen in 10 and 28 cases, respectively.

Conclusion:
Management of large defect requires adequate planning. cerebrospinal fluid shunting and flap/Z plasty are often required.
Emergency practitioner-administered ultrasound nerve blocks in the emergency department: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Bhattaram Suhrith , Shinde Varsha S. , Lamba Ishan , Khumujam Princy Panthoi , Desai Tanvi Snehal 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:
In the realm of acute pain management within emergency departments (EDs), the prevalent reliance on systemic analgesics, notably opioids, presents challenges due to associated risks and suboptimal efficacy. The emerging alternative of ultrasound-guided nerve blocks (USGNBs) has shown promise in prospective studies. However, the safety and efficacy of USGNBs when performed by emergency medicine practitioners remain largely unexplored, necessitating this study to address the research gap. The primary objectives of this study were to assess the efficacy of Emergency physician-performed USGNBs and changes in patient-reported pain (pre- and postnerve block) at 15 and 30 min. In addition, the time taken to perform nerve blocks, type of nerve block, frequency, indications, procedure time, and complications were all studied.

METHODS:
Conducted at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Pune, India, this single-center, retrospective observational study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of USGNBs in the ED context. A retrospective analysis covered 274 emergency practitioner-performed USGNBs recorded from January 2022 to December 2023. Participants included consecutive ED patients consenting to nerve blocks, with practitioners utilizing bupivacaine (0.25%) and ropivacaine (0.25%) based on individual preferences. The study systematically recorded patient demographics, block types, indications, complications, and pre- and postpain scores on a Numerical Rating Scale.

RESULTS:
The study demonstrated a significant reduction in pain scores post-USGNB, with an average decrease of 2.9 ± 1.08 at 15 min and 5.8 ± 1.39 at 30 min. Commonly performed blocks included the femoral nerve, fascia iliaca, and serratus anterior, with notable pain relief in fracture management cases. Procedural durations varied, ranging from 2 to 12 min, while four complications were reported, including diaphragmatic paresis and arterial punctures during interscalene nerve block and fascia iliac compartment blocks, respectively.

CONCLUSION:
This extensive study in an academic ED setting supports the proficiency of emergency practitioners in performing USGNBs. The findings emphasize the transformative potential of USGNBs in academic ED pain management, showcasing notable pain reduction and minimal complications. These results advocate for the integration of advanced pain relief techniques into emergency medicine training programs, contributing to a comprehensive approach to acute pain management.
Nonparametric Testing of Body Mass Index as a Predictor of Severe Noma: Assessing Potential Association
Authors: Gebretsadik Heron G. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT.
Noma, a devastating facial disease, primarily affects impoverished populations in low- and middle-income countries, often leading to severe disfigurement or fatality if untreated. Studies suggest malnutrition is a significant risk factor for noma, yet the association between body mass index (BMI) in kilograms per square meter and tissue damage severity remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between BMI and tissue damage severity among noma cases in Ethiopia. A retrospective analysis of medical records from Facing Africa’s database covering noma cases treated between 2007 and 2019 was conducted. A standardized data collection template recorded demographic and clinical data, including patient demographics, BMI, and tissue damage severity levels. JASP statistical software was used for analysis. Analysis of 228 noma cases revealed a mean BMI of 17.8 kg/m2, ranging from 11.5 to 28.3 kg/m2. Females exhibited a higher mean BMI (18.3 kg/m2) than males (16.9 kg/m2). Differences in BMI distributions between major (67) and minor (30) tissue damage categories were observed, with “minor” cases having a slightly higher mean BMI. The study found a statistically significant association between BMI and tissue damage severity (P = 0.03), indicating that tissue damage due to noma worsened as BMI decreased. Nonparametric tests confirmed this association’s significance. This study highlights low BMI as a predictor of severe noma. Public health interventions should focus on malnutrition to reduce noma severity and psychosocial and functional morbidity and improve outcomes. However, additional factors influencing the progression of noma and the severity of associated tissue damage require further investigation.
Якісні показники сортів ріпаку (Brassica napus oleifera Metzg L.) відповідно до сучасних вимог
Authors: Кирильчук Анжела , Безпрозвана Ірина , Іваницька Алла , Щербиніна Наталія , Присяжнюк Лариса 
Published: October 2024

ріпак це важливе джерело отримання дешевої рослинної олії, яка застосовується практично у всіх галузях народного господарства: харчовій, металургійній, медичній, хімічній, автомобільній промисловості. Високу продуктивність культури можуть забезпечити тільки нові сучасні сорти та гібриди з покращеними показниками продуктивності та біохімічного складу насіння, пристосовані до екологічних умов зони вирощування. Перш ніж розпочати селекційну роботу, потрібно скласти модель сорту із зазначеними якісними показниками, сховану в підсвідомості досвідченого селекціонера. Зміна складу жирних кислот ріпакової олії є першочерговим завданням селекції ріпаку. Від відсоткового вмісту жирних кислот в олії ріпаку залежить якість та напрям використання її. Якість насіння характеризується сукупністю показників, що відповідають вимогам нормативно-технічної документації. Єдиного нормативного документу, який би визначав якість ріпакового насіння для виробничих потреб сучасного ринку не виявлено. З проаналізованої існуючої нормативної документації та наукової літератури, щодо параметрів фракційного складу жирних кислот і вмісту глюкозинолатів у різних типах ріпаку технічного та харчового напряму використання, визначено фракційний склад олії та вмісту глюкозинолатів для різних типів моделей ріпаку. Насіння сортів технічного напряму використання «++» та «+0», повинно містити глюкозинолати та ерукову кислоту на рівні > 4,0; 45,0–55,0 та 2,0–3,0; > 47,0 % відповідно. Насіння сортів харчового напряму «0+», в своєму складі повинно містити глюкозинолати не більше 2,0 %, ерукову кислоту 0–2,0 %, насичені кислоти 8 % (пальмітинова – 7,0 та стеаринова – 1 %), просту ненасичену олеїнову – 56,0–66,0 % та багаторазово ненасичені 27 % (лінолева – 25,0 та ліноленова – 2,0 %). У насінні сортів харчового напряму використання «00» вміст глюкозинолатів не повинен перевищувати 2,0 %, ерукової кислоти не дозволяється, пальмітинова та стеаринова кислоти повинні становити, відповідно, 10,0 та 1,0–2,0 %. Вміст олеїнової кислоти на рівні 65,0–69,0 %, лінолевої більше 25,0 %, а ліноленової менше 2 %. У насінні сортів харчового напряму використання «000», маса оболонки повинна бути не більше 13,0 %, вміст жиру в насінні більше 50,0 %, глюкозинолатів не повинен перевищувати 2,0 %, ерукової кислоти не дозволяється, пальмітинова та стеаринова кислоти повинні становити, відповідно, 10,0 та 1,0 %. Вміст олеїнової кислоти більше 70,0 %, лінолевої більше 25,0 %, а ліноленової менше 2 %. Це дослідження було проведено з метою визначення фракційного складу олії та вмісту глюкозинолатів для різних типів моделей ріпаку. Отримані результати з визначеними параметрами рекомендовано використовувати селекціонерам та виробничникам зі створення та вирощування нових сортів ріпаку різного типу та напряму використання.
Immunohistochemical overexpression of TWIST1 in metastatic melanomas compared with primary melanomas and nevi
Authors: Coelho Karina Munhoz de Paula Alves , Stall Jaqueline , Silva Bruna Louise , Kricheski Camila , França Paulo Henrique Condeixa de 
Published: October 2024

Melanoma is an aggressive neoplasia with poor prognosis when not identified and treated early. Phenotypic changes related to melanocytic cell invasion and metastasis have been associated with overexpression of the transcription factor TWIST1, which contributes to upregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in melanoma. We aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of TWIST1 in nevi, primary melanomas and metastatic melanomas. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of 71 histological samples with diagnosis of nevus, primary melanoma and metastatic melanoma. The immunohistochemical analysis was performed applying Twist1 ‘clone 2C1a’ monoclonal antibody and the results were interpreted according to scores of intensities and percentage of positive cells. There was TWIST1 nuclear overexpression in metastatic melanomas when compared to the primary melanomas and melanocytic nevi groups. There was minor significant difference regarding nuclear expression between primary melanomas and nevi. In conclusion, the results of our evaluation of immunohistochemical expression can be consistent with the role of the TWIST1 in metastasis of melanomas.
Avaliação nutricional de indivíduos com paralisia cerebral
Authors: Lima Shirley Sousa , Oliveira Danilo Carvalho , Azevedo Francisco Honeidy Carvalho , Costa Gilberto de Araújo , Silva Luciane Lima da , Sá Odara Maria de Sousa 
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o estado nutricional e o consumo alimentar de crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (CEP) sob o número 2.554.515. A avaliação do estado nutricional foi realizada utilizando-se índices antropométricos como peso/idade, estatura/idade e índice de massa corporal/idade, circunferência do braço (CB), circunferência muscular do braço (CMB) e dobra cutânea tricipital (DCT). O consumo alimentar foi avaliado por meio do recordatório de 24 horas. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 21 crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral, com idades entre 6 e 19 anos (média de 13,57±4,39 anos), predominando o sexo feminino (52,4%). Em relação aos índices antropométricos, observou-se uma prevalência de eutrofia. A análise da CB indicou uma prevalência de depleção moderada (38,1%), a CMB revelou depleção leve (33,3%) e, pela DCT, observou-se excesso de adiposidade (33,3%). Além disso, identificou-se inadequação no consumo alimentar de carboidratos, proteínas, lipídios, ômega 3, magnésio, zinco e vitamina E. Conclusão: Embora as crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral apresentem eutrofia segundo os índices antropométricos, há indicativos de depleção nutricional pelas medições de CB e CMB, além de déficits no padrão alimentar de macro e micronutrientes.
АЁЛЛАР ТОМОНИДАН СОДИР ЭТИЛГАН ЖИНОЯТЛАРНИ ТЕРГОВ ҚИЛИШНИ РЕЖАЛАШТИРИШ, ЮЗАГА КЕЛАДИГАН ТЕРГОВ ВАЗИЯТЛАРИ ВА ВЕРСИЯЛАРНИ ИЛГАРИ СУРИШНИНГ ЎЗИГА ХОС ХУСУСИЯТЛАРИ
Authors: Тўлаганова Гулчехра , Ғофурова Дилафруз 
Published: October 2024

Ушбу мақолада аёллар томонидан содир этилган жиноятларни тергов қилишни ташкил этиш жараёнидаги режалаштиришнинг умумий аҳамияти ҳамда терговчи томонидан юритиладиган тергов вазиятлари ва тергов версияларни илгари суришнинг ўзига хос хусусиятлари муҳокама қилинган. Шунингдек, бундай жиноятларни тергов қилишда суриштирув ва тергов амалиётида вужудга келадиган типик вазиятларини ўрганиш, версияларнинг тўлиқ рўйхатини келтириб ўтиш, тергов режасига оид конкрет элементларни белгилаш, ўтказиладиган тергов ҳаракатларининг энг самарадор тактик усулларини ишлаб чиқишга оид тавсиялар ва хулосалар келтириб ўтилган.