bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multivariate analysis of risk factors for cisplatin‐induced nephrotoxicity in gynecological cancer
Authors: Yamamoto Yoshihiro , Watanabe Kazushi , Matsushita Hiroshi , Tsukiyama Ikuto , Matsuura Katsuhiko , Wakatsuki Akihiko 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimRisk factors for cisplatin‐induced nephrotoxicity (CIN) vary by population. This study aimed to assess risk factors for CIN in patients with gynecological cancer.MethodsPatients who underwent cisplatin‐based chemotherapy for gynecological cancer between January 2009 and December 2015 at Aichi Medical University School of Medicine were included in this study. CIN was defined according to the ‘risk, injury, failure, loss, and end‐stage kidney disease’ (RIFLE) criteria and classified as either risk (Class R) or injury (Class I). Analyses were performed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.ResultsAmong 112 patients enrolled, 30 had CIN. Multivariate analysis revealed that hydration with magnesium (odds ratio [OR], 0.223), history of cisplatin use (OR, 4.420), and hypoalbuminemia (OR, 4.170) were risk factors for Class R, and that frequency of cisplatin administration (OR, 5.620) and hydration with magnesium (OR, 0.216) were risk factors for Class I.ConclusionThis study confirmed that hydration without magnesium, history of cisplatin use, frequency of cisplatin administration, and hypoalbuminemia are significant risk factors for CIN.
Intra‐arterial Modulation of the Trigeminal Nerve Ganglion in Patients with Refractory Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Qureshi Adnan I. , Saleem Muhammad A. , Jadhav Vikram , Wallery Shawn S. , Raja Faisal 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSENerves and nerve ganglions are supplied by segmental arteries and the vasa nervorum, but the intra‐arterial route has not been used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. We present the results of intra‐arterial delivery of medication for modulating trigeminal nerve ganglion function in patients with refractory trigeminal neuralgia.METHODSWe administered intra‐arterial lidocaine in doses up to 50 mg in the middle meningeal artery territory adjacent to the arterial branch that supplies the trigeminal nerve ganglion. We performed electrophysiologic monitoring to serially assess the latency and amplitude of R1 and R2 responses in the blink reflex before and concurrent with each incremental dose of lidocaine. Clinical outcome assessment included a 10‐point numeric rating, 4‐point severity grading, and the pain‐free time interval pre‐ and post‐treatment.RESULTSIntra‐arterial lidocaine was administered to three patients with trigeminal neuralgia (35‐year‐old woman, 57‐year‐old man, and 34‐year‐old woman). In all patients, there was a latency prolongation and amplitude reduction of R1 or R2 responses or both which was evident after 5‐10 mg of lidocaine administration; a more pronounced effect was seen with increasing doses. The second and third patients reported improvement in pain severity on all scales with pain‐free intervals of 5 and 3 days, respectively. There was improvement in facial hyperalgesia in all three patients in all dermatomes. All three patients’ symptoms had returned to baseline severity 1 month later.CONCLUSIONSWe found that modulation of trigeminal nerve activity via the intra‐arterial route is possible based on consistent intraprocedural electrophysiologic suppression and short‐term clinical improvement in patients with refractory trigeminal neuralgia.
Effect of marine by‐product meals on hen egg production parameters, yolk lipid composition and sensory quality
Authors: Toyes‐Vargas E. , Ortega‐Pérez R. , Espinoza‐Villavicencio J. L. , Arellano‐Pérez M. , Civera R. , Palacios E. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThe effect of including 5% marine by‐product meals in feeds of laying hens on egg production, composition and sensory characteristics was tested. Marine by‐product meals were prepared using two methods: (i) cooking (100°C/10 min) followed by drying (60°C/24 hr) or (ii) grinding followed by drying. The raw materials used for meal production were scallop or squid viscera, shrimp heads or whole mackerel. A total of 108 laying hens were allocated to nine diet treatments; one control diet (corn and soya bean based) and eight experimental diets, containing 95% of the control feed and 5% of the experimental meal for three weeks. Daily intake was higher in hens fed the dried mackerel and cooked shrimp meals. All the experimental treatments showed significantly higher concentration of n‐3 HUFA in yolk reserves and phospholipids compared to the control (0.12–0.13 g per 100 g), especially those with scallop or squid prepared by both methods (0.53–0.95 g per 100 g). Scallop, squid and shrimp meal inclusion in the feed produced eggs with more astaxanthin (0.22 mg per 100 g) while this carotenoid was absent in the control and mackerel treatments. Visual evaluation of raw yolk colour increased with the inclusion of marine by‐product meals with higher values in hens fed shrimp heads (13), followed by scallop viscera (11), squid viscera (9), and with similar values for mackerel and control (4). The taste, aroma, texture and colour of cooked eggs from different treatments were not statically different when evaluated by a panel of 60 untrained people. These results suggest that meals from marine by‐products are a better alternative for improving egg yolk composition by increasing n‐3 HUFA when compared to fishmeal as they also increase astaxanthin and yolk pigmentation without affecting egg sensory characteristics.
Lineage‐specific evolution of flavin‐containing monooxygenases involved in aliphatic glucosinolate side‐chain modification
Authors: Cang Wei , Sheng Yu‐Xin , Evivie Ejiroghene Ruona , Kong Wen‐Wen , Li Jing 
Published: October 2017

AbstractGlucosinolates, a class of specialized metabolites specific to the order Brassicales, have diverse bioactivities that are largely dependent on the structures of their side chains. Flavin‐containing monooxygenases (FMOs) encoded by the FMOGS‐OX genes have been found to catalyze side‐chain modifications during the synthesis of methionine‐derived aliphatic glucosinolates. Seven FMOGS‐OX genes have been identified in Arabidopsis Heynh., but the evolution of these genes in the Brassicaceae, a family including many economically important vegetables, is poorly understood. In this study, the phylogenetic and syntenic relationships of the FMOGS‐OX genes belonging to 12 sequenced Brassicaceae species were analyzed. Our results showed that the FMOGS‐OX genes included two tandem arrays, the FMOGS‐OX2‐4 group (group A) and the FMOGS‐OX5‐7 group (group B). The evolutionary histories of the FMOGS‐OX groups A and B were similar across the Brassicaceae, but two lineage‐specific evolutionary routes developed after these two separate species lineages diverged from Aethionema arabicum (L.) Andrz. ex DC. In the lineage I route, FMOGS‐OX gene copies tended to increase due to frequent tandem duplication events in most species and a whole genome triplication in Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz. In the lineage II route, gene copies decreased due to deletion events. Combining these results with those of previous studies, we speculated that the FMOGS‐OX genes were derived from an ancestral gene with a broad expression distribution and a broad range of substrates, which then underwent subfunctionalization to generate progeny limited in either spatial expression or substrate structure. Furthermore, the absence of FMOGS‐OX5 substrates in some FMOGS‐OX5‐containing species may suggest neofunctionalization of these genes.
Combining shock barometry with numerical modeling: Insights into complex crater formation—The example of the Siljan impact structure (Sweden)
Authors: Holm‐Alwmark Sanna , Rae Auriol S. P. , Ferrière Ludovic , Alwmark Carl , Collins Gareth S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSiljan, central Sweden, is the largest known impact structure in Europe. It was formed at about 380 Ma, in the late Devonian period. The structure has been heavily eroded to a level originally located underneath the crater floor, and to date, important questions about the original size and morphology of Siljan remain unanswered. Here we present the results of a shock barometry study of quartz‐bearing surface and drill core samples combined with numerical modeling using iSALE. The investigated 13 bedrock granitoid samples show that the recorded shock pressure decreases with increasing depth from 15 to 20 GPa near the (present) surface, to 10–15 GPa at 600 m depth. A best‐fit model that is consistent with observational constraints relating to the present size of the structure, the location of the downfaulted sediments, and the observed surface and vertical shock barometry profiles is presented. The best‐fit model results in a final crater (rim‐to‐rim) diameter of ~65 km. According to our simulations, the original Siljan impact structure would have been a peak‐ring crater. Siljan was formed in a mixed target of Paleozoic sedimentary rocks overlaying crystalline basement. Our modeling suggests that, at the time of impact, the sedimentary sequence was approximately 3 km thick. Since then, there has been around 4 km of erosion of the structure.
Yogurt consumption during pregnancy and preterm delivery in Mexican women: A prospective analysis of interaction with maternal overweight status
Authors: Kriss Jennifer L. , Ramakrishnan Usha , Beauregard Jennifer L. , Phadke Varun K. , Stein Aryeh D. , Rivera Juan A. , Omer Saad B. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPreterm delivery is an important cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality, often precipitated by maternal infection or inflammation. Probiotic‐containing foods, such as yogurt, may reduce systemic inflammatory responses. We sought to evaluate whether yogurt consumption during pregnancy is associated with decreased preterm delivery. We studied 965 women enrolled at midpregnancy into a clinical trial of prenatal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in Mexico. Yogurt consumption during the previous 3 months was categorized as ≥5, 2–4, or <2 cups per week. Preterm delivery was defined as delivery of a live infant before 37 weeks gestation. We used logistic regression to evaluate the association between prenatal yogurt consumption and preterm delivery and examined interaction with maternal overweight status. In this population, 25.4%, 34.2%, and 40.4% of women reported consuming ≥5, 2–4, and <2 cups of yogurt per week, respectively. The prevalence of preterm delivery was 8.9%. Differences in preterm delivery were non‐significant across maternal yogurt consumption groups; compared with women reporting <2 cups of yogurt per week, those reporting 2–4 cups of yogurt per week had adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for preterm delivery of 0.81 (95% confidence interval, CI [.46, 1.41]), and those reporting ≥5 cups of yogurt per week had aOR of 0.94 (95% CI [.51, 1.72]). The association between maternal yogurt consumption and preterm delivery differed significantly for nonoverweight women compared with overweight women (p for interaction = .01). Compared with nonoverweight women who consumed <2 cups of yogurt per week, nonoverweight women who consumed ≥5 cups of yogurt per week had aOR for preterm delivery of 0.24 (95% CI [.07, .89]). Among overweight women, there was no significant association. In this population, there was no overall association between prenatal yogurt consumption and preterm delivery. However, there was significant interaction with maternal overweight status; among nonoverweight women, higher prenatal yogurt consumption was associated with reduced preterm delivery.
Priority interventions to improve maternal and child diets in Sub‐Saharan Africa and South Asia
Authors: Masters William A. , Rosettie Katherine , Kranz Sarah , Pedersen Sarah H. , Webb Patrick , Danaei Goodarz , Mozaffarian Dariush ,   on behalf of the Global Nutrition and Policy Consortium
Published: October 2017

AbstractNutrition‐sensitive interventions to improve overall diet quality are increasingly needed to improve maternal and child health. This study demonstrates feasibility of a structured process to leverage local expertise in formulating programmes tailored for current circumstances in South Asia and Africa. We assembled 41 stakeholders in 2 regional workshops and followed a prespecified protocol to elicit programme designs listing the human and other resources required, the intervention's mechanism for impact on diets, target foods and nutrients, target populations, and contact information for partners needed to implement the desired programme. Via this protocol, participants described 48 distinct interventions, which we then compared against international recommendations and global goals. Local stakeholders' priorities focused on postharvest food systems to improve access to nutrient‐dense products (75% of the 48 programmes) and on production of animal sourced foods (58%), as well as education and social marketing (23%) and direct transfers to meet food needs (12.5%). Each programme included an average of 3.2 distinct elements aligned with those recommended by United Nations system agencies in the Framework for Action produced by the Second International Conference on Nutrition in 2014 and the Compendium of Actions for Nutrition developed for the Renewed Efforts Against Child Hunger initiative in 2016. Our results demonstrate that a participatory process can help local experts identify their own priorities for future investments, as a first step in a novel process of rigorous, transparent, and independent priority setting to improve diets among those at greatest risk of undernutrition.
Integrated activities of two alternative sigma factors coordinate iron acquisition and uptake by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Edgar Rebecca J. , Hampton Georgina E. , Garcia G. Patricia Casas , Maher Megan J. , Perugini Matthew A. , Ackerley David F. , Lamont Iain L. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryAlternative sigma (σ) factors govern expression of bacterial genes in response to diverse environmental signals. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa σPvdS directs expression of genes for production of a siderophore, pyoverdine, as well as a toxin and a protease. σFpvI directs expression of a receptor for ferripyoverdine import. Expression of the genes encoding σPvdS and σFpvI is iron‐regulated and an antisigma protein, FpvR20, post‐translationally controls the activities of the sigma factors in response to the amount of ferripyoverdine present. Here we show that iron represses synthesis of σPvdS to a far greater extent than σFpvI. In contrast ferripyoverdine exerts similar effects on the activities of both sigma factors. Using a combination of in vivo and in vitro assays we show that σFpvI and σPvdS have comparable affinities for, and are equally inhibited by, FpvR20. Importantly, in the absence of ferripyoverdine the amount of FpvR20 per cell is lower than the amount of σFpvI and σPvdS, allowing basal expression of target genes that is required to activate the signalling pathway when ferripyoverdine is present. This complex interplay of transcriptional and post‐translational regulation enables a co‐ordinated response to ferripyoverdine but distinct responses to iron.
Development and validation of an instrument to measure nurse educator perceived confidence in clinical teaching
Authors: Nguyen Van N.B. , Forbes Helen , Mohebbi Mohammadreza , Duke Maxine 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTeaching nursing in clinical environments is considered complex and multi‐faceted. Little is known about the role of the clinical nurse educator, specifically the challenges related to transition from clinician, or in some cases, from newly‐graduated nurse to that of clinical nurse educator, as occurs in developing countries. Confidence in the clinical educator role has been associated with successful transition and the development of role competence. There is currently no valid and reliable instrument to measure clinical nurse educator confidence. This study was conducted to develop and psychometrically test an instrument to measure perceived confidence among clinical nurse educators. A multi‐phase, multi‐setting survey design was used. A total of 468 surveys were distributed, and 363 were returned. Data were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The instrument was successfully tested and modified in phase 1, and factorial validity was subsequently confirmed in phase 2. There was strong evidence of internal consistency, reliability, content, and convergent validity of the Clinical Nurse Educator Skill Acquisition Assessment instrument. The resulting instrument is applicable in similar contexts due to its rigorous development and validation process.
Daytime depression in temperature‐normalised stem CO2 efflux in young poplar trees is dominated by low turgor pressure rather than by internal transport of respired CO2
Authors: Salomón Roberto L. , De Schepper Veerle , Valbuena‐Carabaña María , Gil Luis , Steppe Kathy 
Published: October 2017

Summary

Daytime decreases in temperature‐normalised stem CO2 efflux (EA_D) are commonly ascribed to internal transport of respired CO2 (FT) or to an attenuated respiratory activity due to lowered turgor pressure. The two are difficult to separate as they are simultaneously driven by sap flow dynamics.

To achieve combined gradients in turgor pressure and FT, sap flow rates in poplar trees were manipulated through severe defoliation, severe drought, moderate defoliation and moderate drought. Turgor pressure was mechanistically modelled using measurements of sap flow, stem diameter variation, and soil and stem water potential. A mass balance approach considering internal and external CO2 fluxes was applied to estimate FT.

Under well‐watered control conditions, both turgor pressure and sap flow, as a proxy of FT, were reliable predictors of EA_D. After tree manipulation, only turgor pressure was a robust predictor of EA_D. Moreover, FT accounted for < 15% of EA_D.

Our results suggest that daytime reductions in turgor pressure and associated constrained growth are the main cause of EA_D in young poplar trees. Turgor pressure is determined by both carbohydrate supply and water availability, and should be considered to improve our widely used but inaccurate temperature‐based predictions of woody tissue respiration in global models.
Understandings of psychological difficulties in people with the Huntington's disease gene and their expectations of psychological therapy
Authors: Theed Rachael , Eccles Fiona J. R. , Simpson Jane 
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesThis study sought to investigate how people who had tested positive for the Huntington's disease (HD) gene mutation understood and experienced psychological distress and their expectations of psychological therapy.DesignA qualitative methodology was adopted involving semi‐structured interviews and interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA).MethodA total of nine participants (five women and four men) who had opted to engage in psychological therapy were recruited and interviewed prior to the start of this particular psychological therapeutic intervention. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using IPA whereby themes were analysed within and across transcripts and classified into superordinate themes.ResultsThree superordinate themes were developed: Attributing psychological distress to HD: ‘you're blaming everything on that now’; Changes in attributions of distress over time: ‘in the past you'd just get on with it’; and Approaching therapy with an open mind, commitment, and hope: ‘a light at the end of the tunnel’.ConclusionUnderstandings of psychological distress in HD included biological and psychological explanations, with both often being accepted simultaneously by the same individual but with biomedical accounts generally dominating. Individual experience seemed to reflect a dynamic process whereby people's understanding and experience of their distress changed over time. Psychological therapy was accepted as a positive alternative to medication, providing people with HD with hope that their psychological well‐being could be enhanced.Practitioner points

People with the Huntington's disease gene mutation have largely biomedical understandings of their psychological distress.

This largely biomedical understanding does not, however, preclude them for being interested in the potential gains resulting from psychological therapy.

The mechanisms of psychological therapy should be explained in detail before therapy and explored along with current attributions of distress.
Alexithymia according to Bucci's multiple code theory: A preliminary investigation with healthy and hypertensive individuals
Authors: Di Trani Michela , Mariani Rachele , Renzi Alessia , Greenman Paul Samuel , Solano Luigi 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveTo evaluate the relation between alexithymia and Referential Activity (RA), a linguistic measure of the process by which non‐verbal emotional experience is connected to language.MethodsThe 20‐Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS‐20) and the Toronto Structured Interview for Alexithymia (TSIA) were administered to 20 postgraduate students and 15 outpatients with hypertension. The Weighted Referential Activity Dictionary (WRAD) and other linguistic measures (Reflection, Disfluency, and Somatic Sense) were applied to texts derived from the TSIA using the Discourse Attributes Analysis Program (DAAP).ResultsMultiple linear regressions performed in the whole sample showed a relation between TSIA scores and Somatic Sense. Comparing the two groups, hypertensive subjects yielded higher scores on the TSIA than the young adult sample; no differences in DAAP measures emerged. A significant negative correlation was found between the TAS‐20 Difficulty Describing Feelings score and the DAAP measure of references to body activations (Somatic Sense) both in the young adult sample and in hypertensives. In the young adult sample, negative relations emerged between different TSIA factors, WRAD score, and Somatic Sense; a positive relation with fragmented speech (Disfluency) and use of rationalization (Reflection) was also found. In hypertensive subjects, using the TSIA, a negative correlation between alexithymia and Somatic Sense and a positive correlation between alexithymia and the Mean High WRAD (a measure of intensity of engagement during the speech) were found.ConclusionThe TSIA seems to be a more adequate instrument than the TAS‐20 to explore relations between alexithymia and RA. Results appear to suggest a complex, nonlinear relation between alexithymia and RA, presumably influenced by subject‐specific characteristics.Practitioner points

A relation between alexithymia and RA has been proposed on theoretical grounds, but there has been minimal empirical investigation.

This was the first study to employ both a self‐report measure and a structured interview for measuring alexithymia in relation to RA.

The results of this study suggest a complex, nonlinear relation between alexithymia and RA; this finding is essentially obtained with the structured interview measure of alexithymia.

This relation is presumably influenced by subject‐specific characteristics.
Li(Ritual) in Early Confucianism
Authors: Radice Thomas 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLi禮 (translated variously as “ritual”, “etiquette”, or “propriety”) plays a central role in early Confucianism, but its complexity is not always fully understood. At first glance, it may seem as iflibehaviors are merely attempts to promote conservative practices from the idealized Chinese past. However, by examining the nature and function ofli, as described theAnalects(Lunyu論語) and theXunzi荀子 (two key texts in the early Confucian tradition), it becomes overwhelmingly apparent thatliis a much more complicated phenomenon.Liactually plays key roles within the interconnected fields of Confucian ethics, religion, and politics and often adds aesthetic elements to these areas of thought. As such, it is as much a source of Confucian innovation as it is a tool for promoting reverence for the past.