bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal hypothyroxinaemia in pregnancy is associated with obesity and adverse maternal metabolic parameters
Authors: Knight Bridget A , Shields Beverley M , Hattersley Andrew T , Vaidya Bijay 
Published: January 2016

ObjectiveSubclinical hypothyroidism and isolated hypothyroxinaemia in pregnancy have been associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes. We aimed to ascertain if these women have a worse metabolic phenotype than euthyroid pregnant women.Design, subjects and methodsWe recruited 956 healthy Caucasian women with singleton, non-diabetic pregnancies from routine antenatal clinics. Detailed anthropometric measurements (including BMI and skinfold thickness) and fasting blood samples (for TSH, free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), HbA1c, lipid profile, plasma glucose and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) analysis) were obtained at 28 weeks gestation.ResultsIn comparison to euthyroid women (n=741), women with isolated hypothyroxinaemia (n=82) had significantly increased BMI (29.5 vs 27.5 kg/m2, P<0.001), sum of skinfolds (57.5 vs 51.3 mm, P=0.002), fasting plasma glucose (4.5 vs 4.3 mmol/l, P=0.01), triglycerides (2.3 vs 2.0 mmol/l, P<0.001) and HOMA-IR (2.0 vs 1.3, P=0.001). Metabolic parameters in women with subclinical hypothyroidism (n=133) were similar to those in euthyroid women. Maternal FT4 was negatively associated with BMI (r=−0.22), HbA1c (r=−0.14), triglycerides (r=−0.17), HOMA-IR (r=−0.15) but not total/HDL cholesterol ratio (r=−0.03). Maternal FT3:FT4 ratio was positively associated with BMI (r=0.4), HbA1c (r=0.21), triglycerides (r=0.2), HOMA–IR (r=0.33) and total/HDL cholesterol ratio (r=0.07). TSH was not associated with the metabolic parameters assessed.ConclusionsIsolated hypothyroxinaemia, but not subclinical hypothyroidism, is associated with adverse metabolic phenotype in pregnancy, as is decreasing maternal FT4 and increasing FT3:FT4 ratio. These associations may be a reflection of changes in the thyroid hormone levels secondary to increase in BMI rather than changes in thyroid hormone levels affecting body weight and related metabolic parameters.
Clinical Analysis of Surgical Treatment of Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Wang Guojun 
Published: January 2016

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the surgical treatment of acute appendicitis and its effects. <strong>Methods: </strong>52 cases of patients with<strong> </strong>acute appendicitis were observed.<strong> Results: </strong>The 52 patients were discharged after timely surgery and treatment. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Acute appendicitis can be effectively treated by using surgical methods. Appropriate timing could reduce the incidence of post-operative complications. </p>
Analysis on Development and Application of Power Electric Device and Variable Frequency Technology
Authors: Bao Hongyin 
Published: January 2016

Today, with rapid development of science and technology in the 21<sup>st</sup> century, China has also obtained great achievements drawing world’s attention regarding application and research in power electronics technology and variable frequency technology field. This paper has intensively studied and discussed development and application of power electronic device and variable frequency technology. This paper has first analyzed current application situation and trends of power electronic device in new energy and power system, rail transit and electric car, energy saving of industrial motor, consumption electronics, and national defense and war industry, then discussed development history of variable frequency technology, hazards brought by power electronic device and countermeasures, and finally demonstrated future development of power electronics technology and expected a broad development prospect of variable-frequency regulating speed technology in the future.
Contrast Participation Model and the Traditional Model Rooming-in Care of Neonatal Care
Authors: Kurban Hadley Almond , Wang Qingyan 
Published: January 2016

<p>Contrast of the participation model and the traditional model of care in rooming effect of neonatal care. <strong>Methods:</strong> 114 cases of early maternal care group to tradition who admitted in our hospital from January 2014 to June 2014 were treated using the traditional way of nursing care. 120 cases of early maternal located to participating group who admitted in our hospital from July 2014 to December 2014 were treated using the participatory model of care. Traditional nursing care group were treated with the traditional way of newborn care, completed by nurses alone. The participating group and their families were adopted early maternal and neonatal nurses who have completed nursing. <strong>Results:</strong> Maternal traditional care group was included reasonable scientific feeding newborns, changing diapers for the newborn, the newborn’s umbilical cord care and scientific numerical example of bathing newborns were less than the participating group. Number of maternal adaptation in the traditional care group is an example of the role of mother to the participating group. The number of cases of the traditional care group was more suitable to group together to participate and satisfaction score was less than that of the participating group. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The both rooming model participation of neonatal care, its human and scientific characteristics can effectively improve maternal care for newborns and their families to improve maternal postpartum depression and mood, which will become the future postpartum. The main mode of care is worth in clinical GF to take forward.</p>
Volume 5 Index
Authors: Index WJER 
Published: January 2016

<p><strong>Volume 05, Issue 1, (2015)</strong></p><p> </p><p>The environment in education: Pesticides in Lebanon</p><p>Akl M. Kairouz, Issam Y. Atala</p><p>99-117</p><p> </p><p>Comparison of corncob and corn using as fungal culture medium</p><p>Jaruwan Chutrtong</p><p>118-121</p><p> </p><p>The inhibition effect of ozonation in textile wastewater</p><p>Serden Basak, Dilek Ozgun, Sebnem Ozdemir, Ozer Cinar</p><p>122-129</p><p> </p><p>Fabrication and characterization of bamboo fiber- reinforced polyethylene-polystyrene composites using glycerol as plasticizer Kristin B. Labasan, Aldrine Jay G. Espinosa, Rebecca C. Nueva Espana </p><p>130-150</p><p> </p><p>Treatment of canned fish factory wastewater by upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (uasb) reactors</p><p>Farshad Golbabaei Kootenaei, Gholamreza Darvishi, Mohammad Javad Bayani</p><p>151-157</p><p> </p><p><strong>Volume 05, Issue 2, (2015)</strong></p><p> </p><p>From the Editors</p><p>Prof. Dr. Haluk Soran</p><p> </p><p>Assessment of persistent organic pollutants in water samples from River Challawa in Kano, Nigeria</p><p>Sarauta, A., Sabo, A., Abdulhamed, I. A., Yusuf, Y. O.</p><p>159-177</p><p> </p><p>The politics of greening practice in contemporary rural China: a case study of Yang Village</p><p>Songnan Fan, Yao Sha</p><p>178-188</p><p> </p><p>Hydrogeological modeling in Danube Valley using GIS techniques. Study case</p><p>Ioana Vizireanu, Camelia Slave</p><p>189-196</p><p> </p><p>To the question of water quality monitoring</p><p>Alexey Nickolaevich Nazarenko</p><p>197-202</p>
Is a Cholestrol‐Enriched Diet a Risk Factor for Alveolar Bone Loss?
Authors: Kırzıoğlu Fatma Yeşim , Fentoğlu Özlem , Bulut Memduha Tözüm , Doğan Burak , Özdem Muhsin , Özmen Özlem , Çarsancaklı Süleyman Akif , Ergün Ayşe Gül , Orhan Hikmet 
Published: January 2016

Background: This study aims to investigate the effects of a 2% cholesterol‐enriched diet on alveolar bone loss (ABL) and serum levels of pro‐oxidants and antioxidant enzymes in rats with experimental periodontitis.Methods: Rats were randomized into the four groups: 1) group C (standard diet/periodontally healthy); 2) group Hc (high‐cholesterol diet); 3) group HcP (high‐cholesterol diet/periodontitis); and 4) group P (standard diet/periodontitis). All rats were fed for 8 weeks. At 6 weeks, experimental periodontitis was induced. At the end of week 8, the rats were sacrificed. Histomorphometric and histopathologic analyses were performed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) levels in serum were measured with enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.Results: Experimental groups exhibited increases in: 1) total cholesterol, 2) low‐density lipoprotein, and 3) high‐density lipoprotein compared to group C. The cholesterol‐enriched diet induced ABL in group Hc; groups HcP and P had more extensive ABL. The most polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration in periodontal tissues was found in group HcP. MDA levels were higher in all experimental groups than in group C, but significant in the HcP group. A high‐cholesterol diet, with or without periodontitis, resulted in more decreases in GPX and more increases in NO compared to group P.Conclusion: Although any additive effect of cholesterol‐enriched diet to ABL was not found in rats with ligature‐induced experimental periodontitis, these findings revealed that a cholesterol‐enriched diet could lead to ABL and an increase in periodontal inflammation and serum pro‐oxidants.
Trace Element Chemistry in Residual‐Treated Soil: Key Concepts and Metal Bioavailability
Authors: Basta N. T. , Ryan J. A. , Chaney R. L. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTTrace element solubility and availability in land‐applied residuals is governed by fundamental chemical reactions between metal constituents, soil, and residual components. Iron, aluminum, and manganese oxides; organic matter; and phosphates, carbonates, and sulfides are important sinks for trace elements in soil–residual systems. The pH of the soil–residual system is often the most important chemical property governing trace element sorption, precipitation, solubility, and availability. Trace element phytoavailability in residual‐treated soils is often estimated using soil extraction methods. However, spectroscopic studies show that sequential extraction methods may not be accurate in perturbed soil–residual systems. Plant bioassay is the best method to measure the effect of residuals on phytoavailability. Key concepts used to describe phytoavailability are (i) the salt effect, (ii) the plateau effect, and (iii) the soil–plant barrier. Metal availability in soil from metal‐salt addition is greater than availability in soil from addition of metal‐containing residuals. Plant metal content displays plateaus at high residual loadings corresponding to the residual's metal concentration and sorption capacity. The soil–plant barrier limits transmission of many trace elements through the food chain, although Cd (an important human health concern) can bypass the soil–plant barrier. Results from many studies that support these key concepts provide a basis of our understanding of the relationship between trace element chemistry and phytoavailability in residual‐treated soils. Research is needed to (i) determine mechanisms for trace element retention of soil–residual systems, (ii) determine the effect of residuals on ecological receptors and the ability of residuals to reduce ecotoxicity in metal‐contaminated soil, and (iii) predict the long‐term bioavailability of trace elements in soil–residual systems.
Usability Evaluation of a Mobile Monitoring System to Assess Symptoms After a Traumatic Injury: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Price Matthew , Sawyer Tyler , Harris Madison , Skalka Christian 
Published: January 2016

Background
Victims of trauma are at high risk for mental health conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder and depression. Regular assessment of mental health symptoms in the post-trauma period is necessary to identify those at greatest risk and provide treatment. The multiple demands of the acute post-trauma period present numerous barriers to such assessments. Mobile apps are a method by which to overcome these barriers in order to regularly assess symptoms, identify those at risk, and connect patients to needed services.

Objective
The current study conducted a usability evaluation of a system to monitor mental health symptoms after a trauma. The system was developed to promote ease of use and facilitate quick transmission of data.

Methods
A sample of 21 adults with a history of trauma completed a standardized usability test in a laboratory setting followed by a qualitative interview.

Results
Usability testing indicated that the app was easy to use and that patients were able to answer several questions in less than 1 minute (mean [SD] 29.37 [7.53]; range 15-57). Qualitative analyses suggested that feedback should be included in such an app and recommendations for the type of feedback were offered.

Conclusions
The results of the current study indicate that a mobile app to monitor post-trauma mental health symptoms would be well received by victims. Personalized feedback to the user was identified as critical to promote the usability of the software.
The Research Search For The Least Beneficial Overcast Sky And Progress In Defining Its Luminance Gradation Function
Authors: Kittler R. , Darula S. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Recently illuminance levels under ISO/CIE homogeneous standard sky types were characterised in their relative terms after ISO/CIE (2004, 2003) standardised as normalised by the luminance in the zenith. Sky luminance and horizontal illuminance based on the gradation and scattering indicatrix functions, including the extreme overcast cases frequently encountered in nature, were recently determined in absolute physical units of luminance in kilocandles per meter square and of illuminance in kilolux. The historical search to find energy and visibility critical sky luminance distributions shows a progression of steps in studying the worst or critical overcast situations. That progression has enabled the determination and evaluation of interior illuminance for comparison of the merits of dual daylighting and artificial lighting under established criteria for comfortable visibility.
Effects Of Storage Conditions On The Quality Of Unripe Hazelnuts In The Husk
Authors: Markuszewski Bogumił , Kopytowski Jan 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to assess the storability of unripe hazelnuts in the husk of four cultivars: ‘Hall’s Giant’, ‘Catalan’, ‘Webb’s Prize Cob’ and ‘Cosford’. The nuts were stored in normal and controlled atmospheres, and in Xtend® bags for three months. A quality assessment was performed based on the following parameters: weight of the nut in the husk and without the husk, weight of the kernel, percentage of nuts with husk attached, dry matter content in kernels, infection with fungal diseases, and the presence of physiological disorders. The study demonstrated that hazelnuts stored in Xtend® bags and under a controlled atmosphere had a higher weight for the nut in the husk and without the husk, as well as a higher weight of the kernel and water content when compared to batches of hazelnuts stored in a normal atmosphere. The percentage of nuts remaining in the husk was also higher when stored under such conditions. For the majority of investigated cultivars the storage in Xtend® bags, and to a lesser extent under normal atmosphere conditions, resulted in a substantial increase in nuts infected with fungal and abiotic diseases. Among investigated cultivars, ‘Hall’s Giant’ turned out to be the most resistant to storage diseases.
Quality Of Cloudy Plum Juice Produced From Fresh Fruit Of Prunus Domestica L. – The Effect Of Cultivar And Enzyme Treatment
Authors: Zbrzeźniak Monika , Nordlund Emilia , Mieszczakowska-Frąc Monika , Płocharski Witold , Konopacka Dorota 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The quality of cloudy juices produced from two plum cultivars varied in chemical characteristics and native polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, and was studied in relation to specific pectinolytic activity of enzyme preparations used for fresh fruit maceration before pressing. Process effectiveness expressed as juice yield, turbidity and the rate of transfer of anthocyanins and polyphenols were determined for five different enzyme preparations, whose activity was also analysed. Juice yields obtained after 1 hour mash maceration (50 ºC, 100 g·t−1) were between 86.6 and 95.4%. The anthocyanins content of the obtained juices strongly depended on the cultivar and ranged from 26 to 50 mg·L−1 for ‘Promis’, and from 269 to 289 mg·L−1 for ‘Čačanska Najbolja’, which could be related to the differences in the measured PPO activity (175.4 and 79.8 nkat·g−1, respectively). The type of enzyme preparation strongly affected the degradation rate of anthocyanins during juice processing. Peonidin-3-rutinoside proved to be the most stable during plum juice production in contrast to cyanidin-3-glucoside. Irrespectively of the cultivar, the juice prepared with the mixture of Rohapect PTE + Rohament PL (2 : 1) showed the highest turbidity among the investigated combinations. The results suggest that for the production of cloudy plum juice use of a preparation with low pectin methyl esterase and polygalacturonase activities and high pectin lyase activity could be recommended.
Pre- And Postharvest Nutritional Value And Storage Ability Of Scallop Squash Cultivars
Authors: Balbierz Agnieszka , Kołota Eugeniusz 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Scallop squash fruit may be harvested and supplied to the fresh market at different stages of maturity. However, small size and immature fruit, preferred by the consumers and food industry, have only a limited storage life, which duration, among others, depends on cultivar characteristic. The objective of the study was to evaluate the storage ability and pre- and postharvest nutritional value of small size fruit of ‘Disco’, ‘Polo F1’, ‘Sunny Delight F1’, ‘Gagat’ and ‘Okra’ scallop squash cultivars. Fruit with diameter 3-6 cm, harvested at the time of maximum fruiting, were placed in the storage room with temperature 7 ºC, and relative humidity > 95% for the period of 1 or 2 weeks. Results of the study showed that prolonged up to 14 days period of fruit storage caused a drastic, within 9.95% – 13.95% weight loss, which was associated with visual symptoms of wilting and significant decrease of dry matter, sugars, vitamin C, carotenoids and nitrates contents. Among examined cultivars, the best suitable for the short storage, lasted no longer than 7 days, appeared to be ‘Disco’ and ‘Okra’. ‘Sunny Delight F1’, the only one cultivar with yellow color of skin, containing high amounts of vitamin C and polyphenols and showing low tendency to nitrates accumulation, similarly as ‘Gagat’ and ‘Polo F1’, were less suitable for short period of cold storage.
Genome Instability In Fruit Body Derived Lines Generated From Fruiting Pfle Somatic Hybrid Lines And Development Of Hybrid Strain Specific Scar Marker In Edible Mushroom
Authors: Mallick Pijush , Sikdar Samir Ranjan 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Six fruit body derived lines (pfle FB) generated from six fruiting pfle somatic hybrid mushroom lines showed genetic diversity analysed by fruit body morphology and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Stipe length, pelius diameter and bioefficiency % (BE%) of all the strains showed variations between each other with respect to Pleurotus florida parent. Hybrid pfle 1v and pfle 1q showed the highest value of stipe length and pelius diameter, respectively, compared with parent P. florida. Four ISSR primers amplified a total of 47 reproducible fragments with 82.9% polymorphism in which primer ISSR-03 produced the highest number of amplicons. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) based dendrogram exhibited two major groups in which hybrids pfle 1r and pfle 1q showed genetical closeness to parents P. florida and Lentinula edodes, respectively. Tissue culture generated line from fruit body of pfle 1r hybrid showed maximum BE% compared with the other hybrids and P. florida parent. For identification of this line, a pair of hybrid strain-specific SCAR marker (RFB2F and RFB2R) was developed based on an unique 813 bp RAPD amplicon.
Effect of Continuous-Wave Low-Intensity Ultrasound in Inflammatory Resolution of Arthritis-Associated Synovitis
Authors: Chung Jee-In , Min Byung-Hyun , Baik Eun Joo 
Published: January 2016

Background
Low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) can reduce pain and improve function in arthritic joints. Neutrophils are first-line actors in host defense that recruit macrophages. Dead neutrophils are removed during resolution of inflammation. Delayed neutrophil clearance can lead to extended inflammation or even chronic autoimmune disease. Although neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in arthritic tissue are involved in the pathogenesis of arthritis, their functional role has not been clarified.

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the effect of LIUS on synovial inflammation and its resolution via neutrophil clearance.

Methods
Synovitis was induced by intra-articular injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the left knee joint of 58 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Low-intensity ultrasound (1 MHz, 200 mW/cm2) was applied for 10 minutes daily. Neutrophil clearance was assessed with the expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO). In addition, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining and NET formation in the synovium were observed. In neutrophil and macrophage cultures from peripheral blood, the effect of NET clearance by LIUS was investigated.

Results
In CFA-induced synovitis, MPO-positive neutrophils peaked after 2 to 3 days, filling the inflammatory core. Monocytes and macrophages in the periphery later infiltrated the core and were reduced thereafter. Low-intensity ultrasound reduced synovial hyperplasia and induced earlier MPO clearance. Neutrophils in the core of the inflamed synovium exhibited NET formation, which LIUS increased. Low-intensity also induced NETs in peripheral polymorphonuclear cells in an intensity-dependent manner and potentiated phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced NETosis. The PMA-induced NETs were cleared by macrophages; clearance was enhanced by LIUS.

Limitations
The effect of LIUS on CFA-induced inflammation was observed only during the acute phase. Although the effect of LIUS on NETosis in the in vitro neutrophil culture system was clear, the in vivo NETosis cannot be quantified.

Conclusions
Neutrophil extracellular traps act in inflammatory synovitis, and LIUS enhanced the NETs and resulted in neutrophil clearance by enhancing the phagocytosis of macrophages, which might be a factor underlying the therapeutic effect of LIUS in arthritic synovium.