bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Healthcare Professionals’ Preferences and Perceived Barriers for Routine Assessment of Patient‐Reported Outcomes in Pediatric Oncology Practice: Moving Toward International Processes of Change
Authors: Schepers Sasja A. , Haverman Lotte , Zadeh Sima , Grootenhuis Martha A. , Wiener Lori 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundUsing patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) in clinical practice has been shown to enhance detection of health‐related quality of life problems and satisfaction with care in children with cancer. This study seeks to identify which PRO information healthcare professionals (HCPs) find useful and what the perceived barriers for routinely assessing PROs are.ProcedureA total of 352 pediatric HCPs (43% male) from 52 countries completed a semistructured online 28‐item questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (percentages) were used to identify highly important PRO information and perceived barriers. HCPs’ perceived barriers were compared according to gender, years of work experience, and country using a Fishers exact test.ResultsThe five highest ranked PRO topics relevant in routine assessment by HCPs were as follows: pain (98%), feeling sad or depressed (96%), overall physical symptoms (95%), problems with therapy adherence (94%), and overall emotional issues (93%). Five lowest ranked topics were as follows: difficulties praying (50%), other spiritual concerns (55, 56, and 60%), and feeling bored (60%). Barriers for assessing PROs included: time (58%), insufficient staff (49%), logistics (32%), and financial resources (26%). Providers from developing countries more often reported barriers concerning insufficient staff, logistics, and financial resources.ConclusionsHCPs strongly value the use of physical and psychosocial PROs within pediatric oncology practice, but mainly perceive organizational barriers for routine assessment. To successfully integrate PROs, efforts should be made to address HCP‐perceived barriers, such that patient‐reported problems can be detected and timely referrals made.
Delays in diagnosis and treatment of childhood cancer in Indonesia
Authors: Handayani K. , Sitaresmi M. N. , Supriyadi E. , Widjajanto P. H. , Susilawati D. , Njuguna F. , van de Ven P. M. , Kaspers G. J. L. , Mostert S. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundEmphasizing timely diagnosis and treatment of cancer are important themes in pediatric cancer management, as delays adversely impact survival. This study explores various delay types among children with cancer and determines factors that influence delays.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted at an Indonesian academic hospital. Parents of newly diagnosed patients were interviewed between October 2013 and September 2014 using semistructured questionnaires. Patient, physician, diagnosis, treatment, healthcare system (HCS), and total delay were analyzed.ResultsParents of 145 children (response rate 89%) with cancer were interviewed. Median total delay was 70 days (range 5–4,055). Patient delay (median 5 days, range 0–189) was significantly shorter than HCS delay (median 49 days, range 4–4,025, P < 0.001). Diagnosis delay (median 58 days, range 3–4,015) was significantly longer than treatment delay (median 3 days, range 1–89, P < 0.001). Older age at diagnosis significantly lengthened patient delay (P = 0.044). Using alternative treatment was associated with significantly longer patient and total delay (P = 0.025, 0.024, respectively). Cancer type significantly influenced physician, diagnosis, treatment, HCS, and total delay (P = 0.001, P = 0.004, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). Neurological tumors had the longest delays, whereas hematological tumors had the shortest. Sex, parents’ education or income level, disease stage at diagnosis, health insurance status, distance from hospital, and first attended health‐facility type did not significantly impact the length of any delay type.ConclusionsHealthcare providers need training to improve recognition of cancer symptoms and speed up subsequent diagnostic processes. Using alternative treatment increased patient and total delays. Community campaigns to encourage families to seek conventional cancer treatments are recommended.
Composition‐dependent underwater adhesion of catechol‐bearing hydrogels
Authors: Wu Haosheng , Sariola Veikko , Zhao Jingsi , Ding Hangjun , Sitti Metin , Bettinger Christopher J 
Published: August 2016

AbstractInterfacial adhesion‐mediated transfer printing processes can integrate functional electronic microstructures with polymeric substrates that are bendable and stretchable. Transfer printing has also been extended to catechol‐bearing adhesive hydrogels. This study presents indentation adhesion tests between catechol‐bearing hydrogel substrates with catechol concentrations varying from 0 to 10% (mol/mol) and thin‐film materials commonly used in microelectronic fabrication including polymers, noble metals and oxides. The results indicate that the interfacial adhesion of catechol‐bearing hydrogels is positively correlated with the concentration of catechol‐bearing monomers as well as the retraction velocity during transfer printing. This study can inform transfer printing processes for microfabricated structures to compliant hydrated substrates such as hygroscopic monomers, mesoporous polymer networks and hydrogels. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Metal‐assisted chemical etching of CIGS thin films for grain size analysis
Authors: Xue Chaowei , Loi Huu‐Ha , Duong Anh , Parker Magdalena 
Published: August 2016

Grain size of the CIGS absorber is an important monitoring factor in the CIGS solar cell manufacturing. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis is commonly used to perform CIGS grain size analysis in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Although direct quantification on SEM image using the average grain intercept (AGI) method is faster and simpler than EBSD, it is hardly applicable on CIGS thin films. The challenge is that, not like polycrystalline silicon, to define grain boundaries by selective chemical etching is not easily realizable for the multi‐component CIGS alloy. In this Letter, we present direct quantification of CIGS thin film grain size using the AGI method by developing metal‐assisted wet chemical etching process to define CIGS grain boundaries. The calculated value is similar to EBSD result.
The CIGS thin film surface morphology before and after the wet chemical etching. Grain boundaries are well defined after the processing.magnified imageThe CIGS thin film surface morphology before and after the wet chemical etching. Grain boundaries are well defined after the processing.
Influence ofLumbricus terrestrisandFolsomia candidaon N2O formation pathways in two different soils – with particular focus on N2emissions
Authors: Schorpp Quentin , Riggers Catharina , Lewicka‐Szczebak Dominika , Giesemann Anette , Well Reinhard , Schrader Stefan 
Published: August 2016

RationaleThe gaseous N losses mediated by soil denitrifiers are generally inferred by measuring N2O fluxes, but should include associated N2emissions, which may be affected by abiotic soil characteristics and biotic interactions. Soil fauna, particularly anecic earthworms and euedaphic collembola, alter the activity of denitrifiers, creating hotspots for denitrification. These soil fauna are abundant in perennial agroecosystems intended to contribute to more sustainable production of bioenergy.MethodsTwo microcosm experiments were designed to evaluate gaseous N emissions from a silty loam and a sandy soil, both provided with litter from the bioenergy cropSilphium perfoliatum(cup‐plant) and inoculated with an anecic earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris), which was added alone or together with an euedaphic collembola (Folsomia candida).In experiment 1, litter‐derived N flux was determined by adding15N‐labelled litter, followed by mass spectrometric analysis of N2and N2O isotopologues. In experiment 2, the δ18O values and15N site preference of N2O were determined by isotope ratio mass spectrometry to reveal underlying N2O formation pathways.ResultsLumbricus terrestrissignificantly increased litter‐derived N2emissions in the loamy soil, from 174.5 to 1019.3 μg N2‐N kg−1soil, but not in the sandy soil (non‐significant change from 944.7 to 1054.7 μg N2‐N kg−1soil). Earthworm feeding on plant litter resulted in elevated N2O emissions in both soils, derived mainly from turnover of the soil mineral N pool during denitrification.Folsomia candidadid not affect N losses but showed a tendency to redirect N2O formation pathways from fungal to bacterial denitrification. The N2O/(N2 + N2O) product ratio was predominantly affected by abiotic soil characteristics (loamy soil: 0.14, sandy soil: 0.26).ConclusionsWhen feeding onS. perfoliatumlitter, the anecicL. terrestris, but not the euedaphicF. candida, has the potential to cause substantial N losses. Biotic interactions between the species are not influential, but abiotic soil characteristics have an effect. The coarse‐textured sandy soil had lower gaseous N losses attributable to anecic earthworms. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evidence-Based Continence Care: An Integrative Review
Authors: Cave Christine E. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Purpose:
The purpose of this integrative review is to identify the best nurse-managed continence care strategies among rehabilitation patients from the current body of evidence.

Design:
The newly designed 2015 Competency Model for Professional Rehabilitation Nursing serves as a conceptual framework to categorize evidence-based recommendations for continence care into the four domains of the model.

Methods:
A search of the evidence was completed in December 2015. Literature reviewed was limited to articles published from 2005–2015 in the English language. Search priority was given to systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials.

Findings:
Nurse-led interventions include evidence-based clinical assessments with use of validated instruments following step-wise algorithms derived from clinical practice guidelines. The interprofessional team emphasizes role-based continence interventions with shared work to reach goals. Leadership recommendations call for administrative support and allocation of resources for continence care and also empower select bedside nurses to become continence champions. Finally, nurse-patient education and caregiver training target the promotion of successful living. System-based continence recommendations are identified to include rehab-oriented electronic documentation systems, written continence policies and procedures, and ongoing nursing education emphasizing accountability to high performance standards.

Conclusions:
Rehabilitation nurses are the team leaders in promoting continence in the rehabilitation setting. They are the cultivators of hope and foster resilience among patients to move forward despite acute or chronic illness and disability. This article is intended to support rehabilitation nurses in their review of clinical evidence in effort to move toward a more uniform approach to bowel and bladder management.

Clinical Relevance:
This review equips rehabilitation nurses who seek to improve their practice by identifying the best evidence-based approaches to continence care.
Correlated positions in protein evolution and engineering
Authors: Franceus Jorick , Verhaeghe Tom , Desmet Tom 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Statistical analysis of a protein multiple sequence alignment can reveal groups of positions that undergo interdependent mutations throughout evolution. At these so-called correlated positions, only certain combinations of amino acids appear to be viable for maintaining proper folding, stability, catalytic activity or specificity. Therefore, it is often speculated that they could be interesting guides for semi-rational protein engineering purposes. Because they are a fingerprint from protein evolution, their analysis may provide valuable insight into a protein’s structure or function and furthermore, they may also be suitable target positions for mutagenesis. Unfortunately, little is currently known about the properties of these correlation networks and how they should be used in practice. This review summarises the recent findings, opportunities and pitfalls of the concept.
The Road to Resilience: Insights on Training Community Coalitions in the Los Angeles County Community Disaster Resilience Project
Authors: Cha Biblia S. , Lawrence Rachel I. , Bliss Jesse C. , Wells Kenneth B. , Chandra Anita , Eisenman David P. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectiveLocal health departments (LHDs) have little guidance for operationalizing community resilience (CR). We explored how community coalitions responded to 4 CR levers (education, engagement, partnerships, and community self-sufficiency) during the first planning year of the Los Angeles County Community Disaster Resilience (LACCDR) Project.MethodsSixteen communities were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental CR group or the control preparedness group. Eight CR coalitions met monthly to plan CR-building activities or to receive CR training from a public health nurse. Trained observers documented the coalitions’ understanding and application of CR at each meeting. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze structured observation reports around the 4 levers.ResultsAnalysis of 41 reports suggested that coalitions underwent a process of learning about and applying CR concepts in the planning year. Groups resonated with ideas of education, community self-sufficiency, and engagement, but increasing partnerships was challenging.ConclusionsLHDs can support coalitions by anticipating the time necessary to understand CR and by facilitating engagement. Understanding the issues that emerge in the early phases of planning and implementing CR-building activities is critical. LHDs can use the experience of the LACCDR Project’s planning year as a guide to navigate challenges and issues that emerge as they operationalize the CR model. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:812–821)
Improving Long-Term Care Facility Disaster Preparedness and Response: A Literature Review
Authors: Pierce J. Rush , Morley Sarah K. , West Theresa A. , Pentecost Percy , Upton Lori A. , Banks Laura 
Published: August 2016

AbstractLong-term care facilities (LTCFs) and their residents are especially susceptible to disruptions associated with natural disasters and often have limited experience and resources for disaster planning and response. Previous reports have offered disaster planning and response recommendations. We could not find a comprehensive review of studied interventions or facility attributes that affect disaster outcomes in LTCFs and their residents. We reviewed articles published from 1974 through September 30, 2015, that studied disaster characteristics, facility characteristics, patient characteristics, or an intervention that affected outcomes for LTCFs experiencing or preparing for a disaster. Twenty-one articles were included in the review. All of the articles fell into 1 of the following categories: facility or disaster characteristics that predicted preparedness or response, interventions to improve preparedness, and health effects of disaster response, most often related to facility evacuation. All of the articles described observational studies that were heterogeneous in design and metrics. We believe that the evidence-based literature supports 6 specific recommendations for facilities, governmental agencies, health care communities and academia. These include integrated and coordinated disaster planning, staff training, careful consideration before governments order mandatory evacuations, anticipation of the increased medical needs of LTCF residents following a disaster, and the need for more outcomes research. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:140–149)
An Assessment of Coherence Between Early Warning and Response Systems and Serious Cross-Border Health Threats in the European Union and Turkey
Authors: Ekmekci Perihan Elif 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDisease outbreaks have attracted the attention of the public health community to early warning and response systems (EWRS) for communicable diseases and other cross-border threats to health. The European Union (EU) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have published regulations in this area. Decision 1082/2013/EU brought a new approach the management of public health threats in EU member states. Decision 1082/2013/EU brought several innovations, which included establishing a Health Security Committee; preparedness and response planning; joint procurement of medical countermeasures; ad hoc monitoring for biological, chemical, and environmental threats; EWRS; and recognition of an emergency situation and interoperability between various sectors. Turkey, as an acceding country to the EU and a member of the WHO, has been improving its national public health system to meet EU legislations and WHO standards. This article first explains EWRS as defined in Decision 1082/2013/EU and Turkey’s obligations to align its public health laws to the EU acquis. EWRS in Turkey are addressed, particularly their coherence with EU policies regarding preparedness and response, alert notification, and interoperability between health and other sectors. Finally, the challenges and limitations of the current Turkish system are discussed and further improvements are suggested. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:883–892)
Knowledge of and Preparedness for Use of Environmental Assessments in Shelters During Disasters: Results of the 2013 State and Territorial Use of Shelter Assessments Survey
Authors: Cruz Miguel A. , Rubens Muni , Garcia Stephanie J. , Malilay Josephine , Levin Karen L. , Williams O. Dale 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectiveEnvironmental health assessments of disaster shelters are critical for monitoring the living conditions of the occupants. However, knowledge and levels of utilization of these assessments have never been estimated in the United States or its territories. We aimed to conduct a cross-sectional survey to ascertain knowledge and Utilization of environmental health disaster shelter assessments.MethodsThe State and Territorial Use of Shelter Assessments Survey (STUSA) of environmental health department directors (N=56) was carried out in 2013.ResultsSurvey responses were received from 55 of 56 targeted jurisdictions. Of those respondents, 92% of state jurisdictions and 100% of territories reported having knowledge about shelter assessments. However, only 40% of states and 60% of territories reported receiving formal training, and 53% of states and 50% of territories reported having operational procedures for shelter assessments. High levels of knowledge and familiarity and low levels of training and processes for operationalizing assessments were assessed.ConclusionsBecause environmental health assessments may provide useful information in disaster settings, we need to understand the barriers to their implementation. The results of these assessments may also help to validate their usefulness in protecting shelter occupants during disasters. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:11–14)
The earliest member of Neocricetodon (Rodentia: Cricetidae): a redescription of N. moldavicus from Eastern Europe, and its bearing on the evolution of the genus
Authors: Sinitsa Maxim V. , Delinschi Andrian 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe genus Neocricetodon represents one of the most diverse radiations of extinct cricetines. Its early evolution remains unclear, mainly owing to the incomplete fossil record. One of the earliest and least known species of this genus is N. moldavicus described from the early late Miocene localities Bujor 1 and Calfa, Moldova. We reexamined the type material of this species and compared it with other species of Neocricetodon. Despite its old geological age, N. moldavicus demonstrates rather advanced dental morphology including the anterocone of M1 being deeply split; mesolophs and mesolophids partially reduced; and the labial spur of the anterolophule, ectomesolophids, and lingual anterolophid of m2 lacking. The phylogenetic analysis of 15 Neocricetodon species based on 22 dental characters revealed three synapomorphies for the genus: presence of the M1 labial anterolophule, the four-rooted M2, and presence of the labial anterolophulid of m1. “Kowalskia cf. schaubi” from Rudabánya and “Kowalskia sp.” from Vösendorf, formerly considered as the earliest finds of Neocricetodon, do not possess these characters and rather represent the genus Democricetodon. Our study also suggests that Kowalskia complicidens is a member of Sinocricetus, and that N. neimengensis and N. zhengi are junior synonyms of N. polonicus. The recognition of N. moldavicus as the earliest member of the genus within the clade containing the species of Neocricetodon from France and Spain supports the hypothesis of the Eastern European origin of the Western European Neocricetodon species.
Examining the role of socioeconomic deprivation in ethnic differences in sexually transmitted infection diagnosis rates in England: evidence from surveillance data
Authors: FUREGATO M. , CHEN Y. , MOHAMMED H. , MERCER C. H. , SAVAGE E. J. , HUGHES G. 
Published: August 2016

SUMMARYDifferences by ethnic group in STI diagnosis rates have long been recognized in England. We investigated whether these may be explained by ethnic disparities in socioeconomic deprivation (SED). Data on all diagnoses made in sexual health clinics in England in 2013 were obtained from the mandatory STI surveillance system. Poisson regression was used to calculate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of STIs, by ethnicity, with and without adjustment for index of multiple deprivation (IMD) a measure of area-level deprivation. Unadjusted IRRs (95% confidence intervals) were highest for gonorrhoea [8·18 (7·77–8·61) and 5·76 (5·28–6·29)] and genital herpes [4·24 (3·99–4·51) and 3·58 (3·23–3·98)] for people of black Caribbean and non-Caribbean/non-African black ethnicity and IRRs were highest for syphilis [8·76 (7·97–9·63)] and genital warts [2·23 (2·17–2·29)] for people of non-British/non-Irish white ethnicity compared to white British ethnicity. After adjustment for IMD, IRRs for gonorrhoea [5·76 (5·47–6·07)] and genital herpes [3·73 (3·50–3·97)] declined but remained highest for black Caribbeans and IRRs for syphilis [7·35 (6·68–8·09)] and genital warts [2·10 (2·04–2·16)] declined but remained highest for non-British/non-Irish white compared to white British. In England, ethnic disparities in STI diagnosis rates are partially explained by SED, but behavioural and contextual factors likely contribute. Clinic and community-based interventions should involve social peer networks to ensure they are targeted and culturally sensitive.