bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute necrotizing pancreatitis caused by ampullary cancer: a case report
Authors: Moyon Miguel A , Fernandez Tatiana B , Lopez Carlos Julio , Flores Luis F , Rosales Jose A , Aguayo William , Rojas Christian , Molina Gabriel A 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Ampullary malignancies are extremely rare tumors that are usually diagnosed when they cause biliary obstruction. Rarely, any tumor or mass near or within the pancreas can cause acute pancreatitis and on even rarer occasions, these tumors can cause severe complications such as acute peripancreatic fluid collections, necrotizing pancreatitis, and infections. As a medical team, we must embrace these difficulties and these dreadful scenarios, as they are opportunities for growth for the medical team and opportunities to save even more patients. We present the case of a 59-year-old male who suddenly presented acute severe pancreatitis with necrosis and infection due to an ampullary mass. After recovery, he was referred to a tertiary center, where his cancer was successfully treated.
Concurrent acute appendicitis and obstructive ureterolithiasis: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Alatefi Dawood , Hezam Abdulhakim M , Alanzi Ahmed 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The prediction of the coexistence of acute appendicitis and renal colic can be challenging, especially when the patient’s symptoms point toward one diagnosis. In this case report, we describe a patient who presented to the emergency department with severe lower abdominal pain that was thought to be solely due to acute appendicitis. Further evaluation, however, revealed the simultaneous coexistence of a right ureteral stone, causing severe hydroureteronephrosis. The patient underwent prompt surgical management, including laparoscopic appendectomy, ureteroscopy, and double-J stent insertion, and had an uneventful postoperative recovery.
Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis as a differential diagnosis of anterior mediastinal mass
Authors: Salcedo Miranda Diego , Galvis Jorge Roberto , Téllez Rodríguez Luis Jaime , Garzón Ramírez Juan Carlos , Ariza Traslaviña Julián 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis (DLP) is an extremely rare silent disease, characterized by proliferation and thickening of abnormal pulmonary, pleural, and mediastinal soft tissue lymphatic channels. Its clinical presentation is nonspecific symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, and hemoptysis. Tomographic findings for DLP include thickening of the interlobular septa and peribronchovascular interstitium and ground glass opacities. Nevertheless, the anterior mediastinal mass, associated with thickening of interlobular septa and peribronchovascular interstitial, ground glass opacities, pleural effusion, diffuse infiltration of the mediastinum and pleural thickening in a patient with lymphangiomas, DLP should be suspected as a differential diagnosis.
Perioperative management of hemophilia A during coronary artery bypass grafting with patent foramen ovale repair
Authors: Vaidya Yash P , Hagmann Theodore D , Shumway Sara 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Factor VIII deficiency, also known as hemophilia A, is the most common inherited bleeding disorder. Deficiency of Factor VIII results in dysfunction of platelet aggregation due to decreased activation of Factor X to Xa. We present the case of a 68-year-old male with mild hemophilia A (Factor VIII activity, 16%) who underwent a three-vessel coronary artery bypass graft and patent foramen ovale repair, with no increased bleeding utilizing a recombinant Factor VIII (kogenate) preoperative bolus and continuous infusion. His postoperative course was complicated by a sternal wound dehiscence requiring washout, sternal wire removal and omental flap coverage on postoperative Day 21. However, he required no postoperative blood transfusions.
Bidirectional pressure-induced penetrating necrotizing compartment syndrome in the forearm and surgical reconstruction using a two-lobed latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap in nonfunctional hand scenarios: a report of two cases
Authors: Kagaya Yu , Takada Taichi , Akagi Kenichiro , Ozaki Mine , Ohura Norihiko 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This report describes two similar cases in which the distal forearm was compressed between the rib cage and floor for a prolonged period owing to immobility, resulting in severe compartment syndrome and extensive penetrating necrosis in the forearm. The cases were a 59-year-old man with cervical spondylolisthesis and a 65-year-old man suspected of having Parkinson's disease. A distinctive necrotic pattern characterized by necrosis in the volar and dorsal compartments, preservation of the lateral compartment, and retention of the radial artery was commonly observed in both cases. Despite the anticipated nonfunctional outcome of the salvaged limb, a two-lobed free latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap transfer with interposition of the thoracodorsal nerve in the median nerve defect was performed in both cases. Although the salvaged limbs were nonfunctional, the patients were able to use it for activities such as getting up and other daily tasks.
Crystallographic Dependence of Field Evaporation Energy Barrier in Metals Using Field Evaporation Energy Loss Spectroscopy Mapping
Authors: Vurpillot François , Hatzoglou Constantinos , Klaes Benjamin , Rousseau Loic , Maillet Jean-Baptiste , Blum Ivan , Gault Baptiste , Cerezo Alfred 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Atom probe tomography data are composed of a list of coordinates of the reconstructed atoms in the probed volume. The elemental identity of each atom is derived from time-of-flight mass spectrometry, with no local chemical information readily available. In this study, we use a data processing technique referred to as field evaporation energy loss spectroscopy (FEELS), which analyzes the tails of mass peaks. FEELS was used to extract critical energetic parameters that are related to the activation energy for atoms to escape from the surface under intense electrostatic field and dependent of the path followed by the departing atoms. We focused our study on pure face-centered cubic metals. We demonstrate that the energetic parameters can be mapped in two-dimensional with nanometric resolution. A dependence on the considered crystallographic planes is observed, with sets of planes of low Miller indices showing a lower sensitivity to the field. The temperature is also an important parameter in particular for aluminum, which we attribute to an energetic transition between two paths of field evaporation between 25 and 60 K close to (002) pole. This paper shows that the information that can be retrieved from the measured energy loss of surface atoms is important both experimentally and theoretically.
SpacerPlacer: ancestral reconstruction of CRISPR arrays reveals the evolutionary dynamics of spacer deletions
Authors: Fehrenbach Axel , Mitrofanov Alexander , Alkhnbashi Omer S , Backofen Rolf , Baumdicker Franz 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Bacteria employ CRISPR-Cas systems for defense by integrating invader-derived sequences, termed spacers, into the CRISPR array, which constitutes an immunity memory. While spacer deletions occur randomly across the array, newly acquired spacers are predominantly integrated at the leader end. Consequently, spacer arrays can be used to derive the chronology of spacer insertions. Reconstruction of ancestral spacer acquisitions and deletions could help unravel the coevolution of phages and bacteria, the evolutionary dynamics in microbiomes, or track pathogens. However, standard reconstruction methods produce misleading results by overlooking insertion order and joint deletions of spacers. Here, we present SpacerPlacer, a maximum likelihood-based ancestral reconstruction approach for CRISPR array evolution. We used SpacerPlacer to reconstruct and investigate ancestral deletion events of 4565 CRISPR arrays, revealing that spacer deletions occur 374 times more frequently than mutations and are regularly deleted jointly, with an average of 2.7 spacers. Surprisingly, we observed a decrease in the spacer deletion frequency towards both ends of the reconstructed arrays. While the resulting trailer-end conservation is commonly observed, a reduced deletion frequency is now also detectable towards the variable leader end. Finally, our results point to the hypothesis that frequent loss of recently acquired spacers may provide a selective advantage.
Structural insights into the biosynthetic mechanism of Nα-GlyT and 5-NmdU hypermodifications of DNA
Authors: Wen Yan , Guo Wenting , Meng Chunyan , Yang Jie , Xu Sha , Chen Haitao , Gan Jianhua , Wu Baixing 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
DNA hypermodifications are effective weapons for phages to cope with the defense system of bacteria. The biogenesis of DNA hypermodification in phages involves multiple steps, from the modified deoxynucleotide monophosphates to the final hypermodification on the DNA chains. PseudomonasPaMx11 gp46 and gp47 encode the enzymes for sequentially converting 5-phosphomethyl-2′-deoxyuridine to 5-Nα-glycinylthymidine and 5-aminomethyl-2′-deoxyuridine. Here, we have determined the crystal structures of gp46 and gp47 in their apo and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA)-bound forms. We uncovered their dsDNA recognition properties and identified the critical residues for the catalytic reactions. Combined with in vitro biochemical studies, we proposed a plausible reaction scheme for gp46 and gp47 in converting these DNA hypermodifications. Our studies will provide the structural basis for future bioengineering of the synthetic pathway of hypermodification and identifying new modifications in mammals by enzyme-assisted sequencing methods.
Constructing a supercapacitor-memristor through non-linear ion transport in MOF nanochannels
Authors: Tang Pei , Jing Pengwei , Luo Zhiyuan , Liu Kekang , Zhao Xiaoxi , Lao Yining , Yao Qianqian , Zhong Chuyi , Fu Qingfeng , Zhu Jian , Liu Yanghui , Dou Qingyun , Yan Xingbin 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The coexistence and coupling of capacitive and memristive effects have been an important subject of scientific interest. While the capacitive effect in memristors has been extensively studied, the reciprocal scenario of the memristive effect in capacitors remains unexplored. In this study, we introduce a supercapacitor-memristor (CAPistor) concept, which is constructed by leveraging non-linear ion transport within the pores of a metal-organic framework zeolitic-imidazolate framework (ZIF-7). Within the nanochannels of the ZIF-7 electrode in an aqueous pseudocapacitor, the anionic species (OH−) of the electrolyte can be enriched and dissipated in different voltage regimes. This difference leads to a hysteresis effect in ion conductivity, constituting a memristive behavior in the pseudocapacitor. Thus, the pseudocapacitor-converted CAPistor seamlessly integrates the programmable resistance and memory functions of an ionic memristor into a supercapacitor, demonstrating enormous potential to extend the traditional energy storage applications of supercapacitors into emerging fields, including biomimetic nanofluidic ionics and neuromorphic computing.
A case of acute lithium poisoning and hypermagnesemia involving advanced colon cancer-induced colonic obstruction
Authors: Takayama Hideo , Komura Takuya , Kawane Taro , Matsuo Toshiki , Kimura Makiko , Nishikawa Masashi , Kitagawa Kiyoki , Omi Wataru , Sakajiri Kenichi , Onishi Ichiro , Sakagami Satoru , Yamashita Taro , Kagaya Takashi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
An 83-year-old woman presented with disturbance of consciousness and hand tremor. She had taken lithium carbonate 300 mg/day for bipolar disorder and magnesium oxide 660 mg/day for constipation. Blood tests revealed lithium poisoning, hypermagnesemia and acute kidney injury. Computed tomography showed colonic obstruction caused by cancer of the descending colon. In the outpatient section, her blood pressure decreased to 89/54 mmHg, and her heart rate dropped to 40 bpm. We considered that the obstructive ileus induced intravascular dehydration, which led to toxic serum concentrations of lithium and magnesium, triggering the emergence of severe arrythmia induced by sinus dysfunction. The patient was treated with fluid resuscitation and hemodialysis, followed by endoscopic stent replacement for the descending colon cancer obstruction. These treatments improved her general condition and alleviated the lithium poisoning, hypermagnesemia and colonic obstruction. Such a case is considered extremely rare.
Sow reproductive and progeny growth performance when fed Pichia guilliermondii yeast postbiotic: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Oguey Clementine , Thayer Morgan T 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Previous research suggested that feeding sows with a product containing an inactivated strain specific Pichia guilliermondii yeast postbiotic (PG; Citristim, ADM Animal Nutrition, Quincy, IL) has the potential to support fecundity, and progeny performance at birth, weaning, and after weaning. To summarize these effects, a systematic review followed by a meta-analysis was carried out to determine the effects of feeding sows with PG during gestation and lactation on reproductive the performance of sows and the growth of progeny after weaning. All experiments included were randomized trials reporting side-by-side comparisons of an appropriate control (CON) and the CON with the inclusion of PG. The effects of PG inclusion in sow diets were evaluated using the raw mean difference and effect size calculations. Analysis included seven trials for sow reproductive and litter performance until weaning, and eight trials for progeny performance after weaning. The risk of publication bias was assessed by funnel plots. In the case of publication bias, the Trim and Fill method was used. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics. Sows fed PG during gestation and lactation had more piglets born alive (BA), BA + stillborn, and BA + stillborn + mummies (P &lt; 0.001). The individual birth weight of the piglets was not affected by the supplementation (P = 0.835). As a result, litter weight at birth was greater in sows-fed PG (P &lt; 0.001). Piglets born from PG-fed sows tended to be weaned 0.34 d younger than those from CON-fed sows (P = 0.060). Twenty-one-day adjusted pig weight at weaning tended to be lighter by 0.122 kg in the PG sow group (P = 0.069); however, litter weight at weaning adjusted to 21 d remained similar across groups (P = 0.516). The number of piglets weaned and mortality-adjusted number of piglets weaned per sow were greater in PG than in CON sows (P &lt; 0.023). A carryover effect was observed for progeny of PG-fed sows after weaning. Piglets born from PG-supplemented sows had greater weight gain (P = 0.030) and tended to have a better survival rate (P = 0.055) until the end of the nursery phase. These results indicate that feeding PG to sows during gestation and lactation consistently and significantly improves not only the performance of sows at farrowing but also performance of the progeny after weaning.
Impact of Policy Changes and Program Support on Family Planning Goals among Plastic Surgery Trainees
Authors: Gates-Tanzer Lauren , Millesi Elena , Vijayasekaran Aparna , Harless Christin 
Published: September 2024

Background:
In 2020, the American Board of Plastic Surgeons announced an update in the leave policy for plastic surgery trainees, extending personal leave to 12 weeks without delay in graduation. Simultaneously, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education announced their update in lactation policy. This study sought to understand the influence of the policy change on plastic surgery trainees’ goals for family planning and lactation.

Methods:
An online 32-question survey was developed to evaluate plastic surgery trainees’ perceptions of family planning and perceived program support in the United States. The survey was approved by the American Council of Academic Plastic Surgeons Research Committee and sent out to a total of 216 plastic surgery programs.

Results:
One hundred thirty plastic surgery trainees completed the survey. Most respondents were women, between the ages of 30 and 34 years, and married. Forty-five (34.6%) respondents or their partners had experienced pregnancy or live birth during their training. More than 70% did not feel that they had adequate time for leave. Female trainees faced more barriers than men, including having a partner in training, concern for their pregnancy, and burdening their co-residents during leave. The majority stated that their decision to apply to plastic surgery residency was influenced by program support for family planning compared with policy changes.

Conclusions:
This survey highlighted that the new policies benefit trainees who consider starting a family during training. Despite this, there are still challenges that need to be addressed to help foster a fair environment for trainees to work and have a family.
Typhoid perforation of the ileum in children
Authors: Sakiye Abossisso K. , Essobiyou Tamassi B. , Ouedraogo Samuel S. L. , Kebalo Sosso P. , Labou Kossi A. , Akakpo Koffi L. , Agbabozi Sirina , Gnassingbe Komlan , Dosseh Ekoue D. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
The result of enteric involvement in typhoid fever is intestinal perforation. This is a serious situation requiring medical and surgical management. Intestinal perforation is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The authors report the first data on the management of this surgical complication of typhoid fever in a high-risk population.

Setting and methods:
This was a single-center, retrospective, descriptive study conducted on the paediatric population aged 0–15 years in the Savannah region of Togo over a 12-month period.

Results:
Typhoid perforation of the ileum accounted for 45.62% of nontraumatic abdominal emergencies in children. The patients were predominantly male, with a sex ratio of 1.41 and a mean age of 8.96 +/- 3.57 years. Primary therapy was noted in 77.78% of cases. The average consultation time was 13.46% +/- 3.93 days. Sixteen patients (16.16%) were admitted with septic shock. Perforations were multiple in 47.47% of cases. Sixty-nine patients underwent ileal resection. Fifty-four (54) patients developed complications and 12 died.

Conclusion:
Typhoid perforation of the ileum is common and is the main cause of acute generalised peritonitis in children in the savannah region of Togo. It is associated with a high morbidity and mortality rate, necessitating major preventive measures against typhoid fever.
Perioperative outcomes and its determinants among patients operated for emergency laparotomy in Southern Ethiopia, 2023: a prospective multi-center cohort study
Authors: Hailu Seyoum , Ayinie Animut , Amsalu Hunde , Mekonen Semagn , Jemal Bedru 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Worldwide, emergency laparotomy is frequently performed surgery. It is a resource-intensive surgical procedure with high morbidity and mortality rates even in the best healthcare systems. Poor postoperative outcomes predispose patients to prolonged recovery, increased length of stay, and worsened clinical status. However, pieces of evidence are scarce in our country regarding postoperative outcomes of emergency laparotomy.

Objective:
The general objective of the study was to investigate the perioperative clinical outcomes and its determinants among patients who operated for emergency laparotomy in Southern Ethiopia from 10 March 2022, to 15 April 2023.

Method:
After obtaining Ethical clearance from the Research Ethics and Review Board (RERB), a multi-center cohort study was conducted in Southern Ethiopia from 10 March 2022, to 15 April 2023. Three hundred sixty-six consecutive patients undergoing emergency laparotomy were followed to assess perioperative clinical outcomes and their determinants. Continuous data were presented as mean, median, and standard deviation (SD) and the categorical data were presented as the percentage in each category. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted. The significant level of prediction was considered with a P value less than 0.05, and an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was calculated at a 95% CI.

Result:
The cumulative incidence of perioperative mortality was 31%. Diabetes mellitus (AOR=10.1, 95% CI: 2.78, 36.57), small bowel obstruction (AOR=6.4, 95% CI: 2.69, 15.13), aspiration (OR=5.5, 95% CI: 1.44, 21.26), and ASA IV (AOR=4.6, 95% CI: 1.48, 14.35) were independent predictors of mortality.

Conclusion:
This study revealed that there is a significant level of perioperative mortality, which necessitates preoperative optimization, risk assessment, and standardization of effective perioperative care following an emergency.
Increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in young and middle-aged adults with obesity receiving Chinese herbal medicine: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Yang Wen-Chieh , Weng Te-I , Shih Ying-Hsiu , Chiu Lu-Ting 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Many patients with obesity in Taiwan seek Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinics. This study aimed to estimate the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in adults diagnosed with obesity, with or without CHM.

Methods:
Patients with obesity aged 18 to 50 years were identified using diagnostic codes from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database between 2008 and 2018. We randomized 67 655 patients with or without CHM using propensity score matching. All patients were followed up from the start of the study until MACEs, death, or the end of 2018. A Cox proportional regression model was used to evaluate the hazard ratios of MACEs in the CHM and non-CHM cohorts.

Results:
During a median follow-up of 4.2 years, the CHM group had a higher incidence of MACEs than the non-CHM control cohort (9.35 vs 8.27 per 1000 person-years). The CHM group had a 1.13-fold higher risk of MACEs compared with the non-CHM control (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.13; 95% CI], 1.07-1.19; p < 0.001), especially in ischemic stroke (aHR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.07-1.31; p < 0.01), arrhythmia (aHR = 1.26; 95% CI, 1.14-1.38; p < 0.001), and young adults aged 18 to 29 years (aHR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.05-1.43; p < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Although certain CHMs offer cardiovascular benefits, young and middle-aged obese adults receiving CHM exhibit a higher risk of MACEs than those not receiving CHM. Therefore, TCM practitioners should be cautious when prescribing medications to young patients with obesity, considering their potential cardiovascular risks.