bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in survival by race/ethnicity among cutaneous melanoma patients in the United States over a period from 1982 to 2011
Authors: Nasiri Abdulrahman M. , Al-Akeel Elharith S. , H. Rayes Nora 
Published: December 2017

Background: Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer with a high mortality rate. The incidence of melanoma has increased in recent years from 1:1500 in 1935 to 1:50 in 2011. The aim of this study is to investigate survival by race/ethnicity, taking site into account, among melanoma patients in the United States.Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. SEER collects data through a non-concurrent cohort study design. The sample size was 185219 participants. The chi-square test was used to examine the association between categorical variables. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to estimate the overall survival curve and to estimate the survival curve per race/ethnicity. Collinearity was assessed using Pearson correlation. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate the unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios (HR).Results: Non-Hispanic White (NHW) and Other patients were older in age (70 years or older), while non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and Hispanic patients were younger (30-39 years). Melanoma in NHW patients was mostly located in trunk whereas melanoma for NHB, Hispanic and Other patients was mostly located in the lower limbs. For all races/ethnicities except for NHB, more individuals were diagnosed between 2002 and 2011. Patients with melanoma in upper limbs lived more frequently. Fewer women died (6.8%) compared to men (17.1%). Patients who were diagnosed between the ages of 30-39 were more likely to die. NHB had an adjusted HR of 3 (95% CI 2.7, 3.3) compared to NHW. The adjusted HR of lower limb was 1.6 (95% CI 1.5, 1,6) compared to the reference group (Head and Neck). The hazard for trunk and lower limb were about the same as the reference. Those who were 70 years or older had an adjusted HR of 2.2 (95% CI 2.0, 2.4). Women had an adjusted HR of 0.4 (95% CI 0.4, 0.5), and diagnosis during the decade 1982-1991 had an adjusted HR of 2.6 (95% CI 2.4, 2.7).Conclusions: NHB patients and patients of ages 30-39 years were more likely to die. The poorest survival was for diagnosis between 1982 and 1991. However, more individuals were diagnosed between 2002 and 2011. The lower limb had a worse prognosis with adjusted HR of 1.6 (95% CI 1.5, 1,6), and more men were diagnosed than women.
Análise fatorial de séries temporais para medidas de liquidez no mercado brasileiro
Authors: Da Silveira Vinicius Girardi , Vieira Kelmara Mendes , Bender Filho Reisoli , Coronel Daniel Arruda 
Published: December 2017

ResumoNeste estudo teve-se por objetivo sugerir o emprego de uma metodologia alternativa para mensuração da liquidez em mercados acionários. Para tanto, o procedimento empregado foi a Análise Fatorial de Séries Temporais (TSFA), proposta por Gilbert e Meijer (2005). Com base neste modelo, foram utilizados dados da negociação de ações da BM&FBOVESPA de dezembro de 1994 a junho de 2011 para cinco diferentes proxies de liquidez que foram empregadas na construção fatorial. No estudo permitiu-se observar a possibilidade de se combinarem diferentes medidas de liquidez para a formação de um único fator que demonstrou possuir uma forte associação com as proxies utilizadas em sua construção. Como vantagens, esse procedimento permite eliminar problemas de colinearidade em estimações estatísticas e possibilita que análises de investimento utilizem uma única variável para mensurar a liquidez ao invés de várias simultaneamente. Além disso, a construção fatorial pode ser replicada para novos dados, já que não é assumido um modelo dinâmico para os fatores, o qual é tratado simplesmente como um problema de mensuração.Palavras-chave: Liquidez. Análise Fatorial de Séries Temporais. Mercado acionário brasileiro. Times series factor analysis for liquidity measures on Brazilian stock marketAbstract The purpose of this paper is to suggest a new methodology to measure liquidity in stock markets. For that, we use the Times Series Factor Analysis model (TSFA), proposed by Gilbert and Meijer (2005). We employed on that model, data from December, 1994 to June, 2011 of five liquidity proxies. As findings, we observe that is possible to combine liquidity measures to create a unique factor, which show to have a high correlation with the liquidity proxies. The advantages of this procedure is to eliminate the problem of collinearity on statistical estimations and the possibility of use a single variable to measure liquidity in investment analysis. Furthermore, the factorial construction can be replicated for new datas, since is not assumed a dynamic model for the factors, which is treated simply as a measurement procedure.Keywords: Liquidity. Times Series Factor Analysis. Brazilian stock market.
Investigating the level of financial literacy of university students
Authors: Felipe Israel José dos Santos , Ceribeli Harrison Bachion , Lana Túlio Queiroz 
Published: December 2017

AbstractConsidering that the quality of financial decisions taken by individuals depends on their financial knowledge, abilities and attitudes, it is possible to state that the well-being of a population depends on how financially literate it is. In this context, the aim of this study was to measure the financial literacy level of university students in north of Mexico. The research method used was the survey and the data collected were analyzed using the structural equation modeling technique. As results, it was possible to confirm that financial attitudes of university students of north of Mexico influence their financial behavior. However, it was not confirmed that financial knowledge of these students impacts their financial behavior. As a high relationship between financial attitudes, financial behavior and financial knowledge of analyzed individuals was not found, it is concluded that the level of financial literacy of university students in the north of Mexico is low. It implies in the necessity to invest in financial literacy programs that could help this population to better manage their resources, what would certainly impact on its savings and consumption decisions, and retirement planning.Keywords: Financial Literacy. Financial Education. Structural Equation Modeling. Mexican Students. Investigando o nível de alfabetização financeira de estudantes universitários ResumoConsiderando que a qualidade das decisões financeiras tomadas pelos indivíduos depende de seus conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes financeiras, é possível afirmar que o bem-estar de uma população depende do quão financeiramente alfabetizada ela é. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi mensurar o grau de alfabetização financeira dos estudantes universitários do norte do México. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi a survey e os dados coletados foram analisados por meio da técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais. Como resultados, foi possível confirmar que as atitudes financeiras dos universitários do norte do México influenciam seu comportamento financeiro. Todavia, não se confirmou que o conhecimento financeiro desses estudantes impacta seu comportamento financeiro. Como não se encontrou uma forte relação entre os conhecimentos, atitudes e comportamentos financeiros dos indivíduos analisados, conclui-se que o nível de alfabetização financeira dos estudantes universitários do norte do México é baixo. Isso implica na necessidade de investir em programas de alfabetização financeira para auxiliar essa população a melhor gerir seus recursos, o que certamente irá impactar em suas decisões de poupança e consumo, assim como em seu planejamento de aposentadoria.Palavras-chave: Alfabetização financeira. Educação financeira. Modelagem de equações Estruturais. Estudantes mexicanos.
Cangkang Buah Karet Dengan Perekat Limbah Plastik Polipropilena Sebagai Alternatif Papan Partikel
Authors: Banon Charles , Sutanto Teja Dwi , Gustian Irfan , Koharudin Ilman , Rahmi Widia 
Published: December 2017

AbstrakTelah dilakukan pembuatan dan karakterisasi mekanik papan partikel berbasis cangkang buah karet dengan perekat limbah plastik polipropilen. Papan partikel dibuat dengan variasi berat serbuk cangkang buah karet masing-masing 50 gram, 100 gram dan 150 gram, dicetak dengan ukuran 28 cm ´ 12 cm ´ 4 cm. Campuran serbuk cangkang dan perekat selanjutnya dikempa menggunakan alat press sederhana selama 1 jam dalam keadaan panas, kemudian didiamkan selama 7 hari pada suhu kamar. Karakterisasi papan partikel meliputi pengujian sifat fisika dan sifat mekanik. Papan partikel yang terbuat dari limbah plastik polipropilena dan cangkang buah karet memiliki kerapatan 0,81 – 0,88 g/cm3, kadar air 0,34 – 0,93%, daya serap air 5,67 – 10,69% dan tebal pengembangan 0,26 – 1,62%. Hasil uji sifat mekanik papan partikel dari serbuk cangkang buah karet dan plastik polipropilena menunjukkan nilai keteguhan patah 53 – 56,54 kgf/cm2, nilai keteguhan elastis 253,85 – 400,87 kgf/cm2 dan kuat cabut sekrup sebesar 1,96 kgf/cm2. Kata kunci: Cangkang buah karet, polipropilena, papan partikel, sifat fisika dan mekanik AbstractPreparation and characterization mechanical properties of particles board based shells fruit rubber use plastic of polypropylene waste as adhesive has been done. Preparation of the Particle board based shells fruit rubber and plastic of polypropylene addition with variation of 50, 100 and 150 grams. The Particle board was printed on the same size 28 cm ´ 12 cm ´ 4 cm. Blending of the internal shell powder and adhesive of polypropylene used a hot press for 1 hour, then settled for 7 days at room temperature. Characterization the particles board includes of the physics and mechanical properties. It is the density 0.81 – 0.88 g/cm3, of the water content 0.34 – 0.93%, water absorption 5.67 – 10.69% and the thickness board expansion 0.26 – 1.62%. The values of MOR and MOE of particle board was 53.00 – 56.54 kgf/cm2, and 253.85 – 400.87 kgf/cm2. The values of strong pull secrew was 1.96 kgf/cm2. Keywords: Shells fruit rubber, polypropylene, particle board, physic and mechanical properties
PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM UNGKAPAN BANYUMAS
Authors: Subandi * 
Published: December 2017

Topik dalam penelitian ini adalah pendidikan karakter melalui ungkapan tradisional Banyumas yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran ungkapan tradisional Banyumas dalam pendidikan karakter peserta didik. Metode simak digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dengan teknik sadap. Analisis dilakukan dengan metode padan pragmatis dengan teknik hubung banding menyamakan.
Setelah dikaji, ternyata ungkapan tradisional Banyumas banyak mengandung nilai moral dan etika yang dapat berperan dalam pembentukan karakter. Jika pesan ungkapan itu dibalutkan dalam proses pendidikan dengan terus-menerus, maka pengetahuan, perasaan, dan tindakan moral peserta didik menjadi bertumbuh. Pada akhirnya, peserta didik dapat menjadi insan yang berkarakter baik sesuai harapan.
Open Treatment of Radial Head Fractures
Authors: Adams Julie E. , Sems S. Andrew , Steinmann Scott P. 
Published: December 2017

Radial head fractures may commonly be treated by (1) open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), (2) radial head excision, or (3) radial head replacement. If there is no associated elbow instability with lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL) injury, the preferred approach is via a split in the extensor digitorum communis (EDC) origin. This provides a wide exposure but limits the risk of injury to the LUCL and associated instability. The radial head is fixed, excised, or replaced. Open treatment of radial head fractures begins with the following steps: (1) a laterally based incision is centered over the radiocapitellar joint, (2) the EDC is split at the midline of the radial head and elevated off the bone anteriorly and superiorly, and dissection proceeds distally, splitting the extensor origin along its fibers, and (3) the capsule is opened and the radial head fracture, identified.
For ORIF, provisional fixation is then obtained with Kirschner wires and small bone reduction clamps. Headless low-profile screws are preferred if possible. If a plate is used, the dissection proceeds distally and the posterior interosseous nerve may need to be identified and protected. Definitive fixation is applied in the safe zone for implant placement (i.e., a right angle based laterally when the forearm is in a neutral position).
For excision of the radial head as definitive treatment or for radial head replacement, the fragments are removed and an oscillating saw is used to remove additional radial neck or other fragments. When radial head excision is the definitive treatment, the radial neck is planed to a smooth contour that allows for placement of the prosthesis or for smooth motion without impingement at the proximal radioulnar joint. An indication for radial head replacement is suspicion of an Essex-Lopresti-type injury or demonstration of longitudinal instability of the forearm with excessive motion when a “push-pull” test is performed under fluoroscopy of the wrist while traction is applied to the radial neck.
The final step of open treatment of radial head fractures, before the wound is closed in layers, consists of assessment of the range of motion and use of fluoroscopy to confirm appropriate fixation, resection, or prosthetic position.
Outcomes following radial head fixation, resection, or arthroplasty for isolated radial head fractures are generally favorable. Loss of motion is particularly problematic in the pronation-supination arc in the setting of plate fixation, and patients are generally counseled that implant removal is often necessary. Loss of motion in the flexion-extension arc, particularly loss of terminal extension, may be noted. Resection of the radial head results in radiographic evidence of degenerative changes along the ulnohumeral joint, but this may be well tolerated as symptoms develop slowly, particularly in older patients. Radial head replacement results in changes in the capitellum over time, but these are usually asymptomatic.
A Mobile Text Message Intervention to Reduce Repeat Suicidal Episodes: Design and Development of Reconnecting After a Suicide Attempt (RAFT)
Authors: Larsen Mark Erik , Shand Fiona , Morley Kirsten , Batterham Philip J , Petrie Katherine , Reda Bill , Berrouiguet Sofian , Haber Paul S , Carter Gregory , Christensen Helen 
Published: December 2017

Background
Suicide is a leading cause of death, particularly among young people. Continuity of care following discharge from hospital is critical, yet this is a time when individuals often lose contact with health care services. Offline brief contact interventions following a suicide attempt can reduce the number of repeat attempts, and text message (short message service, SMS) interventions are currently being evaluated.

Objective
The aim of this study was to extend postattempt caring contacts by designing a brief Web-based intervention targeting proximal risk factors and the needs of this population during the postattempt period. This paper details the development process and describes the realized system.

Methods
To inform the design of the intervention, a lived experience design group was established. Participants were asked about their experiences of support following their suicide attempt, their needs during this time, and how these could be addressed in a brief contact eHealth intervention. The intervention design was also informed by consultation with lived experience panels external to the project and a clinical design group.

Results
Prompt outreach following discharge, initial distraction activities with low cognitive demands, and ongoing support over an extended period were identified as structural requirements of the intervention. Key content areas identified included coping with distressing feelings, safety planning, emotional regulation and acceptance, coping with suicidal thoughts, connecting with others and interpersonal relationships, and managing alcohol consumption.

Conclusions
The RAFT (Reconnecting AFTer a suicide attempt) text message brief contact intervention combines SMS contacts with additional Web-based brief therapeutic content targeting key risk factors. It has the potential to reduce the number of repeat suicidal episodes and to provide accessible, acceptable, and cost-effective support for individuals who may not otherwise seek face-to-face treatment. A pilot study to test the feasibility and acceptability of the RAFT intervention is underway.
An athlete’s criminal liability towards spectators
Authors: Nabipour Mohammad 
Published: December 2017

Abstract:

Basically and according to clause of article 158 of the Islamic penal code, approved in 2013 (sporting activities and accidents resulting from it, if the reason of accidents do not violate the rules related to that sport and these regulation are not in conflict with religious rules) there will be no criminal liability for the athlete. As it appears the athlete that will be exempted from any criminal offense when he has not violated the rules, however, if the athletes is offender whether the injured is opponent athlete or one of the spectators, the offending athletes will be liable for the penalty. In other words, what kind of criminal responsibility would be in these cases, if the act committed by him towards the spectator was deliberate (which would warrants retaliation) or a psedudo_deliberate error (which would warrants the payment of atonement and also sanction punishment it means that imprisonment 1 to 3 years in case of victim death by the offending athlete according to article 616 in sanction law) or vasted error (which would warrants prey for a loss by kinsmam) the responsibility of the athlete will be different.But whether the athlete respect to all of the rules he will be completely exempted from the damage that he enters into the spectator or not, is the point of disagreement which this article seeks to ask the question.
Uma nova ordem na divulgação da ciência: rumo a um contrato natural e a proposta de um contrato tecnológico
Authors: Silva Camila De Melo 
Published: December 2017

O presente artigo toma como referência a idéia que a divulgação científica e tecnológica deve assumir um novo olhar. A forma com que o ser humano trata o meio natural atualmente, se distancia do que, realmente, deveria ser proposto, pois o homem é integrante da natureza. A partir das idéias propostas pelo contrato social, adota­se uma nova visão que busca uma ordem. A proposição de um contrato natural que estabeleça um convívio harmônico entre o homem e a natureza se faz interessante na contemporaneidade. O controle do uso de novas tecnologias, que possam atrapalhar a relação do homem com a natureza, impulsiona para a proposição de um contrato tecnológico, que reconheceria o equilíbrio.
Cooperativismo e estratégicas competitivas: um estudo de multicasos nas cooperativas de crédito mútuo e de crédito rural nas cidades de Minas Gerais
Authors: Oliveira Jussara Maria Silva Rodrigues , Lage Virginia Dias , Morais Marcela Pecze de 
Published: December 2017

O cooperativismo é um sistema econômico que pode promover o desenvolvimento sócio­econômico e ambiental. O objetivo da pesquisa foi estudar as estratégias competitivas adotadas por onze cooperativas de crédito mútuo e rural, pertencentes aos municípios do Estado de Minas Gerais. O procedimento metodológico utilizado foi pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e de multicasos. A pesquisa é um estudo de multicasos, por se tratar de onze cooperativas, caracterizadas pelo maior foco na compreensão e na comparação qualitativa dos fenômenos. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram o questionário semi­ estruturado, roteiro de entrevista e observação­participante. Deste modo, as cooperativas de crédito rural pertencentes as cidades de Bom Despacho, Bambuí, Campo Belo e Nanuque atuam na formação de programas educacionais, conscientização ambiental e menores taxas de juros. As cooperativas de crédito mútuo situadas nas cidades de Formiga, Viçosa, Ouro Branco, Campos Gerais, Sabinópolis e Alpinópolis têm cumprido o seu papel, priorizando ações associativas, menores taxas de serviços, visando o desenvolvimento regional. Tanto as cooperativas de crédito rural quanto as cooperativas de crédito mútuo visam os desenvolvimentos sócio­econômico e ambiental na região de atuação.
A democratização da família
Authors: Silva Magno Luiz da 
Published: December 2017

É inegável que, quando se trata de família, vem à nossa mente o modelo convencional, composto por um homem e uma mulher, unidos pelo casamento, e seus filhos. Mas é forçoso reconhecer que, devido aos inúmeros avanços tecnológicos, científicos e culturais, esse modelo tradicional cedeu lugar a uma extrema mobilidade das configurações familiares, o que provocou uma verdadeira democratização da estrutura familiar. Em pleno século XXI, é preciso observar a edificação de novos modelos de família, com distintas molduras, é verdade, mas firmados sobre uma mesma coluna: o afeto. É comum ouvir de muitos que a família se encontra num processo decadencial, ao passo que o mais correto seria dizer que a entidade familiar se encontra, na verdade, dentro de uma contínua transformação, fruto das inúmeras mudanças das estruturas políticas, econômicas e sociais ao longo dos tempos. A família de hoje deve ser entendida como o meio de promoção da pessoa humana e não como a finalidade almejada, de modo que a proteção estatal a ela destinada, prevista no artigo 226 da Constituição, deverá estar obrigatoriamente vinculada à tutela da pessoa humana. No mundo contemporâneo, é preciso ter uma visão pluralista da família, que considere os vários arranjos familiares existentes. Desde que uma unidade de vivência possua afetividade, estabilidade e ostensibilidade, a mesma configura, sim, uma entidade familiar, e merece gozar da proteção estatal.
ANALISIS KEBANGKRUTAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL ALTMAN(Z-SCORE) STUDI KASUS DI PERUSAHAAN TELEKOMUNIKASI
Authors: Silaban Pasaman 
Published: December 2017

The objective of this research is to analyse a company’s bancruptcy by the use of Altman Z-Score model. This study used the descriptive quantitative analysis method. The data used are secondary data, the annual financial statements and income statements of each company. Data were analyzed using four X ratio defined by Altman and were used to calculate the Z score of each company in order to determine its health level. The analysis shows that in 2010 - 2012 the company's health condition was not good. In 2010 the company was in the gray zone, then the next year the company's condition declined, and in 2012 it was at an unhealthy condition/bankrupt. Telkom is in a healthy state and has increased each year, Indosat is in the unhealthy zone with Z score tends to increase every year. By knowing the health condition of a company, corporate management is able to evaluate each financial ratio and fix the company's financial performance in order to survive and compete.