bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a computerized model for a new biomechanical concept- the fossa-foveolar mismatch- the answer to lesions of the ligamentous fossa-foveolar complex in the hip?
Authors: Stetzelberger Vera M. , Segessenmann Jannine T. , Cek Cem , Popa Vlad , Schwab Joseph M. , Zurmühle Corinne A. , Heimann Alexander F. , Tannast Moritz 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Hip-preserving surgery in young patients frequently reveals lesions of the ligamentum teres (LT). Histological and clinical evidence supports that those lesions could be source of intraarticular hip pain. It has been hypothesized that LT degeneration could be linked to the abnormal positioning of the fovea outside the lunate surface during various daily motions. We introduce the “fossa-foveolar mismatch” (FFM) by determining the trajectory of the fovea in the fossa during hip motions, enabling a comparison across diverse hip-pathomorphologies. Aims: to determine (1) intraobserver reliability and (2) interobserver reproducibility of our computer-assisted 3-dimensional (3D) model of the FFM.

Materials and methods
All patients with joint preserving surgery for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) or developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) at our institution (11. 2015–08.2019)were initially eligible. We employed a simple random sampling technique to select 15 patients for analysis. Three-dimensional surface models based on preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans were built, the fossa virtually excised, the fovea capitis marked. Models were subjected to physiological range of motion with validated 3D collision detection software. Using a standardized medial view on the resected fossa and the transparent lunate surface, the FFM-index was calculated for 17 motions. It was obtained by dividing the surface occupied by the fovea outside of the fossa by the total foveolar tracking surface. Three observers independently performed all analyses twice. (1) Intraobserver reliability and (2) interobserver reproducibility were calculated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).

Results
(1) We obtained excellent intraobserver ICCs for the FFM-index averaging 0.92 with 95% CI 0.77–0.9 among the three raters for all motions. (2) Interobserver reproducibility between raters was good to excellent, ranging from 0.76 to 0.98.

Conclusions
The FFM-index showed excellent intraobserver reliability and interobserver reproducibility for all motions. This innovative approach deepens our understanding of biomechanical implications, providing valuable insights for identifying patient populations at risk.
“Heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty through direct anterior approach without a dedicated orthopaedic table or direct lateral approach: a quasi-randomized single-center study”
Authors: Iorio Raffaele , Cantagalli Matteo Romano , Viglietta Edoardo , Corsetti Federico , Gugliotta Yuri , Previ Leonardo , Gagliardo Salvatore , Fenucci Simone , Maffulli Nicola 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Heterotopic ossifications (HO) are common after total hip arthroplasty (THA). The invasiveness of surgical approaches plays a relevant role in HO development. The aims of this study were to assess the development of HO 6 months after THA through direct lateral approach (DLA) or direct anterior approach (DAA) without a dedicated orthopaedic table and to assess the clinical impact of HO.

Methods
This is a single-center IRB-approved, quasi-randomized prospective cohort, observational imaging study. Fifty patients underwent primary THA through DLA and 50 through DAA. Age, sex, BMI and side of the affected hip were collected. At the 6 post-operative month the Harris Hip Score (HHS) and the presence of HO (scored through the Brooker classification system) were assessed.

Results
There was no significant difference in the demographic data between groups. Operative time was significantly higher in the DAA group (72 ± 10 min vs. 58 ± 8 min: p < 0.03). At 6 post-operative months the incidence of HO was 14% in the DAA group and 32% in the DLA group (p = 0.02). Severe HO (Brooker 3–4) were significantly more common in the DLA group (p = 0.04). There was no significant difference in the HHS of patients with HO between the DAA and DLA groups. There was no association between poorer clinical outcomes and the severity of HO.

Conclusion
The DAA without a dedicated orthopaedic table is associated with a significant lower incidence of HO than the DLA 6 months after elective THA. Except for the surgical approach, no other factors correlated with the occurrence of HO. Even though a lower HHS was found with severe HO, the correlation between severity of HO and clinical outcomes did not reach statistical significance.
Nested object detection using mask R-CNN: application to bee and varroa detection
Authors: Kriouile Yassine , Ancourt Corinne , Wegrzyn-Wolska Katarzyna , Bougueroua Lamine 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we address an essential problem related to object detection and image processing: detecting objects potentially nested in other ones. This problem exists particularly in the beekeeping sector: detecting varroa parasites on bees. Indeed, beekeepers must ensure the level of infestation of their apiaries by the varroa parasite which settles on the backs of bees. As far as we know, there is no yet a published approach to deal with nested object detection using only one neural network trained on two different datasets. We propose an approach that fills this gap. Therefore, we improve the accuracy and the efficiency of bee and varroa detection task. Our work is based on deep learning, more precisely Mask R-CNN neural network. Instead of segmenting detected objects (bees), we segment internal objects (varroas). We add a branch to Faster R-CNN to segment internal objects. We extract relevant features for internal object segmentation and suggest efficient method for training the neural network on two different datasets. Our experiments are based on a set of images of bee frames, containing annotated bees and varroa mites. Due to differences in occurrence rates, two different sets were created. After carrying out experiments, we ended up with a single neural network capable of detecting two nested objects without decreasing accuracy compared to two separate neural networks. Our approach, compared to traditional separate neural networks, improves varroa detection accuracy by 1.9%, reduces infestation level prediction error by 0.22%, and reduces execution time by 28% and model memory by 23%. In our approach, we extract Res4 (a layer of the ResNet neural network) features for varroa segmentation, which improves detection accuracy by 11% compared to standard FPN extraction. Thus, we suggest a new approach that detects nested objects more accurately than two separate network approaches.
Laparoendoscopic extraperitoneal surgical techniques for ventral hernias and diastasis recti repair: a systematic review
Authors: Ferrara Francesco , Fiori Federico 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
this systematic review aims to classify and summarize the characteristics and outcomes of the different laparoendoscopic extraperitoneal approaches for the repair of ventral hernias and diastasis recti described in the last 10 years.

Methods
a literature search was performed by two reviewers in December 2023 including articles from January 2013, 01 to December 2023, 15. The techniques were selected according to the surgical access site (anterior or posterior to the rectus sheath), the access type (laparoendoscopic, single incision laparoscopic, mini or less open), the main space used to repair the defect (subcutaneous or retromuscular) and the mesh place (onlay, sublay-retromuscular or sublay-preperitoneal) and classified as anterior or posterior approaches.

Results
the literature search retrieved 1755 results and 27 articles were included in the study. The studies included 1874 patients, the mean age ranged from 37.8 to 60.2 years. The access site was anterior in 16 cases and posterior in 11 cases. The mesh was positioned onlay in 13 cases and sublay in 13 cases, with only one study using no mesh. Complications were: seroma, ranging from 0.8 to 81%, followed by skin complications (leak, ischemia, necrosis) from 0.8 to 6.4%, surgical site infections and bleeding. Recurrences ranged from 0% to 12,5%, with a mean follow-up from 1 to 24 months.

Conclusion
this systematic review confirms the presence of several new minimally invasive extraperitoneal techniques for the repair of abdominal wall defects, with different advantages and disadvantages. Further studies, with more extensive follow-up data and wider patient groups, are necessary to define specific indications for each technique.
Evidence for the communicative function of human-directed gazing in 6- to 7-week-old dog puppies
Authors: Riemer Stefanie , Bonorand Alina , Stolzlechner Lisa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In human infants, the ability to show gaze alternations between an object of interest and another individual is considered fundamental to the development of complex social-cognitive abilities. Here we show that well-socialised dog puppies show gaze alternations in two contexts at an early age, 6–7 weeks. Thus, 69.4% of puppies in a novel object test and 45.59% of puppies during an unsolvable task alternated their gaze at least once between a person’s face and the object. In both contexts, the frequency of gaze alternations was positively correlated with the duration of whimpering, supporting the communicative nature of puppies’ gazing. Furthermore, the number of gaze alternations in the two contexts was correlated, indicating an underlying propensity for gazing at humans despite likely different motivations in the two contexts. Similar to humans, and unlike great apes or wolves, domestic dogs show gaze alternations from an early age if they are well-socialised. They appear to have a genetic preparedness to communicate with humans via gaze alternations early in ontogeny, but they may need close contact with humans for this ability to emerge, highlighting the interactive effects of domestication and environmental factors on behavioural development in dogs.
Optimal expansions of Kakeya sequences
Authors: Lai A. C. , Loreti P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe investigate optimal expansions of Kakeya sequences for the representation of real numbers. Expansions of Kakeya sequences generalize the expansions in non-integer bases and they display analogous redundancy phenomena. In this paper, we characterize optimal expansions of Kakeya sequences, and we provide conditions for the existence of unique expansions with respect to Kakeya sequences.
Odour characterisation of recycled HDPE in different washing and processing processes
Authors: Martínez Juan López , Rodríguez Rego Jesús Manuel , Cerezo Laura Mendoza , Madrigal María Dolores Samper , Macías-García Antonio 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe waste of polymeric materials in our society is increasing year after year, generating a serious pollution problem. One way to deal with this waste problem is to recycle and reuse these materials. This process of recovery of used plastic materials aims to minimise their impact on the environment and reduce the energy consumption required for the generation of new consumer products. Recycling companies that recover these plastic materials must take into account some aspects such as transparency and colour, cleanliness, size, odour and sorting. One of the major disadvantages in accepting these recycled materials in the production processes is their odour, which in some cases causes the rejection of materials with comparable mechanical characteristics. High-density polyethylene, HDPE, is one of the polymeric wastes generated in the packaging industry. The aim of this work is to eliminate the bad odour of HDPE from waste collection plants for application in the recovery and reuse industry. HDPE supplied by a recycling company was washed, characterised and processed, and the odour was analysed by gas chromatography at each stage and by olfactory panel. In view of the results, it was observed that the washing processes managed to reduce the odour. Likewise, the processing of this waste by extrusion and injection managed to further reduce this effect, even eliminating some of the components responsible for odour by treating the samples with acetone and then extruding and injecting these samples. These results have a direct application in the packaging industry with significant shares of recycled material.
Targeting Toll-like Receptor 4/Nuclear Factor-κB and Nrf2/Heme Oxygenase-1 Crosstalk via Trimetazidine Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depressive-like Behaviors in Mice
Authors: Mohamed Sarah S. , Rasheed Nora O. Abdel , Ibrahim Weam W. , Shiha Nesma A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Depression is a global psychiatric illness that imposes a substantial economic burden. Unfortunately, traditional antidepressants induce many side effects which limit patient compliance thus, exploring alternative therapies with fewer adverse effects became urgent. This study aimed to investigate the effect of trimetazidine (TMZ); a well-known anti-ischemic drug in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mouse model of depression focusing on its ability to regulate toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) as well as nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)/ heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathways. Male Swiss albino mice were injected with LPS (500 µg/kg, i.p) every other day alone or parallel with oral doses of either escitalopram (Esc) (10 mg/kg/day) or TMZ (20 mg/kg/day) for 14 days. Treatment with TMZ attenuated LPS-induced animals' despair with reduced immobility time inforced swimming test. TMZ also diminished LPS- induced neuro-inflammation via inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB pathway contrary to Nrf2/HO-1 cascade activation with consequent increase in reduced glutathione (GSH) and HO-1 levels whereas the pro-inflammatory cytokines; tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1β were evidently reduced. Besides, TMZ replenished brain serotonin levels via serotonin transporter (SERT) inhibition. Thus, TMZ hindered LPS-induced neuro-inflammation, oxidative stress, serotonin deficiency besides its anti-apoptotic effect which was reflected by decreased caspase-3 level. Neuroprotective effects of TMZ were confirmed by the histological photomicrographs which showed prominent neuronal survival. Here we showed that TMZ is an affluent nominee for depression management via targeting TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Future research addressing TMZ-antidepressant activity in humans is mandatory to enroll it as a novel therapeutic strategy for depression.

Graphical Abstract
Brotherhood and unity: ethnic diversity and economic performance in socialist Yugoslavia
Authors: Miladinović Luka 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLiterature on economic consequences of ethnic diversity suggests that ethnic diversity impedes economic growth in dictatorships, while inclusive policies may foster economic benefits from diversity. This paper investigates the impact of ethnic diversity on municipal economic growth in socialist Yugoslavia, a distinctive context due to its dictatorial regime’s active promotion of ethnic inclusion. Utilizing novel estimations of economic performance for 498 municipalities across the census years 1961, 1971, and 1981, the analysis based on seemingly unrelated regressions model reveals that higher ethnic diversity, measured through an ethnic fractionalization index is associated with slower economic growth of Yugoslav municipalities. The study is the first quantitative assessment of the economic consequences of ethnic diversity in Yugoslavia and provides nuanced insights into the effectiveness of inclusive policies, suggesting that while such policies may foster economic benefits, they might not fully counteract the economic drawbacks of ethnic diversity under dictatorship and in an economy that is not primarily driven by market forces.
Phenomenological Dimensions of Body in the Zhuangzi
Authors: Turner Kevin J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article argues that a phenomenological notion of “lived body” emerges in the Zhuangzi’s 莊子 critique of the Confucian body of ritual and morality. It also argues that a philosophical account of body cannot be reduced to a Sinological account. This article draws on the phenomenological distinction between “object body” and “lived body,” especially the “three ontological dimensions” of Jean-Paul Sartre to argue that the Zhuangzi criticizes the Confucian body of ritual and morality as being a “body-for-others” and that it maintains a concept of “lived body.” Finally, it argues that through such methods of cultivation as “sitting and forgetting” a liberation of the body is achieved where one is connected to dao 道 and achieves a state of heightened experience.
Lateral Compression Fragility Fractures of the Pelvis: Diagnosis, Classifications, and Modern Management
Authors: Patterson Joseph T. , Parry Joshua A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To describe the diagnosis, classification, and modern management of lateral compression fragility fractures of the pelvis.

Recent Findings
Practice patterns are shifting toward early operative treatment of fragility fractures of the pelvis among patients who are unable to mobilize or whose injuries demonstrate occult instability on stress imaging. Early internal fixation appears to decrease pain, facilitate mobilization, accelerate hospital discharge, and minimize morbidity in this population.

Summary
Lateral compression pelvic ring injuries are the most common type of fragility fracture of the pelvis. Similar to fragility fractures of the hip, lateral compression fragility fractures of the pelvis are typically sustained in a ground level fall. These injuries are associated with long acute hospital and post-acute facility admissions, loss of physical function, loss of independence, mortality, anxiety, sleep disturbance, and caregiver burnout. Unlike hip fractures, for which urgent operative treatment and early mobilization reduce mortality, lateral compression fragility fractures of the pelvis are commonly treated without surgery. Recommendations for nonoperative management of these injuries in older adults may be inappropriately generalized from studies of younger patient populations with high-energy mechanisms of pelvis fracture. However, strong evidence to support early internal fixation of these injuries practice is lacking. High quality investigations of early surgical intervention for lateral compression fragility fractures of the pelvis are needed to guide care for these patients.
Unlocking Hope: Therapeutic Advances and Approaches in Modulating the Wnt Pathway for Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Faraji Navid , Ebadpour Negar , Abavisani Mohammad , Gorji Ali 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are conditions characterized by sensory, motor, and cognitive impairments due to alterations in the structure and function of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). Despite their widespread occurrence, the exact causes of NDs remain largely elusive, and existing treatments fall short in efficacy. The Wnt signaling pathway is an emerging molecular pathway that has been linked to the development and progression of various NDs. Wnt signaling governs numerous cellular processes, such as survival, polarity, proliferation, differentiation, migration, and fate specification, via a complex network of proteins. In the adult CNS, Wnt signaling regulates synaptic transmission, plasticity, memory formation, neurogenesis, neuroprotection, and neuroinflammation, all essential for maintaining neuronal function and integrity. Dysregulation of both canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways contributes to neurodegeneration through various mechanisms, such as amyloid-β accumulation, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, dopaminergic neuron degeneration, and synaptic dysfunction, prompting investigations into Wnt modulation as a therapeutic target to restore neuronal function and prevent or delay neurodegenerative processes. Modulating Wnt signaling has the potential to restore neuronal function and impede or postpone neurodegenerative processes, offering a therapeutic approach for targeting NDs. In this article, the current knowledge about how Wnt signaling works in Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease is discussed. Our study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms, recent discoveries, and challenges involved in developing Wnt-based therapies.
“You Must Learn to Age”: Reflections on and Adaptations to Age-Related Changes Among Older Artists and Craftspeople
Authors: Chacur Karima , Serrat Rodrigo , Villar Feliciano , Swinnen Aagje 
Published: September 2024

AbstractStudies about older people’s participation in artistic activities have increased. However, a deeper understanding of older artists’ adaptation to the ageing process is still lacking. The purposes of this study were to explore how older artists and craftspeople perceive age-related changes, and to examine their adaptations to these changes. We carried out in-depth, open-ended individual interviews with 30 visual artists and craftspeople aged 60 and older. We found that almost all of them experienced age-related changes in relation to their artistic engagement, which they mainly associated with health-related issues, namely sensory losses and physical changes. In addition, we identified six strategies aimed at adjusting to age-related changes: adapting the work pace, modifying the artistic practice, using technical aids, engaging in artistic collaboration, developing environmental adaptations, and implementing self-care practices. Most participants discussed at least one strategy to adapt to age-related changes, and it was common to combine various strategies. Findings were discussed from a lifespan perspective. Our study expands previous research on experiences of artistic participation among older people, and specifically on their modes of adapting to the ageing process in the context of their artistic practices.
Moral Generalizations and Moral Explanatory Pluralism
Authors: Stamatiadis-Bréhier Alexios 
Published: September 2024

AbstractI argue that moral principles, construed as moral generalizations, can be genuinely explanatory. Specifically, I present and respond to a challenge according to which moral generalizations are explanatorily redundant. In response, I present and defend an explanatory dimension of moral generalizations that is based on the idea of unification. I do so in the context of motivating a realist-friendly moral explanatory pluralism (i.e., the view that there can be many, equally legitimate, explanations of moral facts). Finally, I appeal to the same theoretical resources to tackle an objection from explanatory circularity.