bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired Mobilization of Vascular Reparative Bone Marrow Cells in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes but not in Leptin Receptor-Deficient db/db Mice
Authors: Vasam Goutham , Joshi Shrinidh , Jarajapu Yagna P. R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDiabetes is associated with impaired mobilization of bone marrow stem/progenitor cells that accelerate vascularization of ischemic areas. This study characterized mobilization of vascular reparative bone marrow progenitor cells in mouse models of diabetes. Age-matched control or streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic and db/db mice with lean-controls were studied. Mobilization induced by G-CSF, AMD3100 or ischemia was evaluated by flow cytometric enumeration of circulating Lin−Sca-1+cKit+ (LSK) cells and by colony forming unit (CFU) assay. The circulating WBCs and LSKs and CFUs were reduced in both models with a shorter duration (10–12 weeks) of diabetes compared to their respective controls. Longer duration of STZ-diabetes (≥20 weeks) induced impairment of G-CSF- or AMD3100-mobilization (P < 0.01, n = 8). In db/db mice, mobilization by G-CSF or AMD3100 was either increased or unaffected (P < 0.05, n = 6 to 8). Proliferation, migration and ischemia-induced mobilization, of LSK cells were impaired in both models. Leptin receptor antagonist, PESLAN-1, increased G-CSF- or AMD3100-mobilization of WBCs and LSKs, compared to the untreated. Leptin increased basal WBCs, decreased basal and AMD3100-mobilized LSK cells and had no effect on G-CSF. These results suggest that mobilopathy is apparent in STZ-diabetes but not in db/db mice. Leptin receptor antagonism would be a promising approach for reversing diabetic bone marrow mobilopathy.
Chiral amino acid metabolomics for novel biomarker screening in the prognosis of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Kimura Tomonori , Hamase Kenji , Miyoshi Yurika , Yamamoto Ryohei , Yasuda Keiko , Mita Masashi , Rakugi Hiromi , Hayashi Terumasa , Isaka Yoshitaka 
Published: May 2016

AbstractD-Amino acids, the enantiomers of L-amino acids, are increasingly recognized as novel biomarkers. Although the amounts of D-amino acids are usually very trace in human, some of them have sporadically been detected in blood from patients with kidney diseases. This study examined whether multiple chiral amino acids would be associated with kidney functions, comorbidities, and prognosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) by enantioselective analyses of all chiral amino acids with a micro-two-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatograph (2D-HPLC)-based analytical platform. 16 out of 21 D-amino acids were detected in plasma from 108 CKD patients in a longitudinal cohort. The levels of D-Ser, D-Pro, and D-Asn were strongly associated with kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration ratio), the levels of D-Ala and D-Pro were associated with age, and the level of D-Asp and D-Pro were associated with the presence of diabetes mellitus. D-Ser and D-Asn were significantly associated with the progression of CKD in mutually-adjusted Cox regression analyses; the risk of composite end point (developing to ESKD or death before ESKD) was elevated from 2.7- to 3.8-fold in those with higher levels of plasma D-Ser and D-Asn. These findings identified chiral amino acids as potential biomarkers in kidney diseases.
Chitosan oligosaccharide induces resistance to Tobacco mosaic virus in Arabidopsis via the salicylic acid-mediated signalling pathway
Authors: Jia Xiaochen , Meng Qingshan , Zeng Haihong , Wang Wenxia , Yin Heng 
Published: May 2016

AbstractChitosan is one of the most abundant carbohydrate biopolymers in the world and chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), which is prepared from chitosan, is a plant immunity regulator. The present study aimed to validate the effect of COS on inducing resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in Arabidopsis and to investigate the potential defence-related signalling pathways involved. Optimal conditions for the induction of TMV resistance in Arabidopsis were COS pretreatment at 50 mg/L for 1 day prior to inoculation with TMV. Multilevel indices, including phenotype data and TMV coat protein expression, revealed that COS induced TMV resistance in wild-type and jasmonic acid pathway- deficient (jar1) Arabidopsis plants, but not in salicylic acid pathway deficient (NahG) Arabidopsis plants. Quantitative-PCR and analysis of phytohormone levels confirmed that COS pretreatment enhanced the expression of the defence-related gene PR1, which is a marker of salicylic acid signalling pathway and increased the amount of salicylic acid in WT and jar1, but not in NahG plants. Taken together, these results confirm that COS induces TMV resistance in Arabidopsis via activation of the salicylic acid signalling pathway.
Spatial distribution of psychotic disorders in an urban area of France: an ecological study
Authors: Pignon Baptiste , Schürhoff Franck , Baudin Grégoire , Ferchiou Aziz , Richard Jean-Romain , Saba Ghassen , Leboyer Marion , Kirkbride James B. , Szöke Andrei 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPrevious analyses of neighbourhood variations of non-affective psychotic disorders (NAPD) have focused mainly on incidence. However, prevalence studies provide important insights on factors associated with disease evolution as well as for healthcare resource allocation. This study aimed to investigate the distribution of prevalent NAPD cases in an urban area in France. The number of cases in each neighbourhood was modelled as a function of potential confounders and ecological variables, namely: migrant density, economic deprivation and social fragmentation. This was modelled using statistical models of increasing complexity: frequentist models (using Poisson and negative binomial regressions), and several Bayesian models. For each model, assumptions validity were checked and compared as to how this fitted to the data, in order to test for possible spatial variation in prevalence. Data showed significant overdispersion (invalidating the Poisson regression model) and residual autocorrelation (suggesting the need to use Bayesian models). The best Bayesian model was Leroux’s model (i.e. a model with both strong correlation between neighbouring areas and weaker correlation between areas further apart), with economic deprivation as an explanatory variable (OR = 1.13, 95% CI [1.02–1.25]). In comparison with frequentist methods, the Bayesian model showed a better fit. The number of cases showed non-random spatial distribution and was linked to economic deprivation.
Self-assembly modified-mushroom nanocomposite for rapid removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution with bubbling fluidized bed
Authors: Xu Fei , Liu Xu , Chen Yijiao , Zhang Ke , Xu Heng 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA self-assembled modified Pleurotus Cornucopiae material (SMPM) combined with improved Intermittent Bubbling Fluidized Bed (IBFB) was investigated to remove the hexavalent chromium ions in aqueous solution. After the modification, the powder-like raw material gradually self-assembled together to SMPM, which had crinkly porous structure, improved the Cr-accommodation ability in a sound manner. Optimized by Taguchi method, Cr(VI) removal efficiency was up to 75.91% and 48.01% for 100 mg/L and 500 mg/L initial concentration of Cr(VI), respectively. Results indicated that the metal removal was dependent on dosage of adsorbent, particle diameter and treatment time. The experimental data obtained from the biosorption process was successfully correlated with Freundlich isotherm model. Thermodynamic study indicated the endothermic nature of the process. The results confirmed that self-assembly modified Pleurotus Cornucopiae material could be applied for the removal of heavy metal from wastewater in continuous fluidized bed process.
The contribution of inflammasome components on macrophage response to surface nanotopography and chemistry
Authors: Christo Susan , Bachhuka Akash , Diener Kerrilyn R. , Vasilev Krasimir , Hayball John D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractImplantable devices have become an established part of medical practice. However, often a negative inflammatory host response can impede the integration and functionality of the device. In this paper, we interrogate the role of surface nanotopography and chemistry on the potential molecular role of the inflammasome in controlling macrophage responses. To achieve this goal we engineered model substrata having precisely controlled nanotopography of predetermined height and tailored outermost surface chemistry. Bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM) were harvested from genetically engineered mice deficient in the inflammasome components ASC, NLRP3 and AIM2. These cells were then cultured on these nanoengineered substrata and assessed for their capacity to attach and express pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our data provide evidence that the inflammasome components ASC, NLRP3 and AIM2 play a role in regulating macrophage adhesion and activation in response to surface nanotopography and chemistry. The findings of this paper are important for understanding the inflammatory consequences caused by biomaterials and pave the way to the rational design of future implantable devices having controlled and predictable inflammatory outcomes.
Chronic administration of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide effectively improves fatty liver and glucose homeostasis in high-fat diet-fed mice
Authors: Wang Kaiping , Cao Peng , Wang Hanxiang , Tang Zhuohong , Wang Na , Wang Jinglin , Zhang Yu 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP), an active component derived from a water extract of Angelica sinensis, in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed BALB/c mice. The potential mechanisms underlying the activity of this compound were also considered. Specifically, serum and hepatic biochemical parameters were evaluated and key proteins involved in the lipid/glucose metabolism were analyzed. Long-term feeding with a HFD induced severe fatty liver and hyperglycemia. Histological examination clearly showed that ASP reduced lipid accumulation in the liver and attenuated hepatic steatosis in HFD-fed mice. In addition, ASP markedly alleviated serum and liver lipid disorders and fatty liver via the upregulation of PPARγ expression and the activation of adiponectin-SIRT1-AMPK signaling. Furthermore, ASP also significantly relieved severe oxidative stress, demonstrating that ASP might attenuate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via a “two-hit” mechanism. In addition, ASP reduced blood glucose levels and ameliorated insulin resistance via the regulation of related metabolic enzymes and by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway in HFD-fed mice. Our findings revealed that ASP might be used as an alternative dietary supplement or health care product to ameliorate metabolic syndrome in populations that consistently consume HFDs.
Zinc isotope ratios of bones and teeth as new dietary indicators: results from a modern food web (Koobi Fora, Kenya)
Authors: Jaouen Klervia , Beasley Melanie , Schoeninger Margaret , Hublin Jean-Jacques , Richards Michael P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn order to explore the possibilities of using zinc (Zn) stable isotope ratios as dietary indicators, we report here on the measurements of the ratio of stable isotopes of zinc (66Zn/64Zn, expressed here as δ66Zn) in bioapatite (bone and dental enamel) of animals from a modern food web in the Koobi Fora region of the Turkana Basin in Kenya. We demonstrate that δ66Zn values in both bone and enamel allow a clear distinction between carnivores and herbivores from this food web. Differences were also observed between browsers and grazers as well as between carnivores that consumed bone (i.e. hyenas) compared to those that largely consume flesh (i.e. lions). We conclude that Zn isotope ratio measurements of bone and teeth are a new and promising dietary indicator.
Incoming human papillomavirus type 16 genome resides in a vesicular compartment throughout mitosis
Authors: DiGiuseppe Stephen , Luszczek Wioleta , Keiffer Timothy R. , Bienkowska-Haba Malgorzata , Guion Lucile G. M. , Sapp Martin J. 
Published: May 2016

Significance
Following egress from the endocytic compartment, nonenveloped DNA viruses have a distinct cytoplasmic phase whereupon the viral genome is transported into the nucleus of infected cells via nuclear pores. In contrast, the human papillomavirus (HPV) waits for nuclear envelope breakdown during mitosis to gain access to the nucleus. Here we provide evidence that the HPV genome resides continuously in a transport vesicle until mitosis is completed. This suggests that membrane-bound vesicles can temporally exist in the nucleus. Because vesicles are not normally detected in the nucleus, this also points to the existence of an unrecognized cell pathway for the disposal of nuclear vesicles.
Measuring Medication Adherence in Pediatric Cancer: An Approach to Validation
Authors: Rohan Jennifer M. , Fukuda Tsuyoshi , Alderfer Melissa A. , Wetherington Donewar Crista , Ewing Linda , Katz Ernest R. , Muriel Anna C. , Vinks Alexander A. , Drotar Dennis 
Published: May 2016

Objective This study described the prospective relationship between pharmacological and behavioral measures of 6-mercaptopurine (6MP) medication adherence in a multisite cohort of pediatric patients diagnosed with cancer (N = 139). Methods Pharmacological measures (i.e., metabolite concentrations) assessed 6MP intake. Behavioral measures (e.g., electronic monitoring) described adherence patterns over time. Results Three metabolite profiles were identified across 15 months: one group demonstrated low levels of both metabolites (40.8%) consistent with nonadherence and/or suboptimal therapy; two other groups demonstrated metabolite clusters indicative of adequate adherence (59.2%). Those patients whose metabolite profile demonstrated low levels of both metabolites had consistently lower behavioral adherence rates. Conclusions To our knowledge, this was the first study to prospectively validate a pharmacological measure of medication adherence with a behavioral adherence measure in a relatively large sample of pediatric patients with cancer. Using multiple methods of adherence measurement could inform clinical care and target patients in need of intervention.
White Matter Abnormalities Associated With Subsyndromal Psychotic-Like Symptoms Predict Later Social Competence in Children and Adolescents
Authors: DeRosse Pamela , Ikuta Toshikazu , Karlsgodt Katherine H. , Peters Bart D. , Gopin Chaya B. , Szeszko Philip R. , Malhotra Anil K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIntroductionRecent data suggest that healthy children and adolescents who report psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) evidence abnormalities in white matter (WM). To date, no study has examined whether WM abnormalities associated with PLEs are predictive of outcome at a later time-point. The present study examined whether abnormalities in WM associated with PLEs in children and adolescents at a baseline assessment were predictive of social functioning at a 12-month follow-up.Subjects and MethodsHealthy children and adolescents aged 8–18 years (N = 56) were recruited from the community and received a diffusion tensor imaging exam and a clinical exam at baseline. Voxel-wise statistical analysis of fractional anisotropy (FA), using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics, and probabilistic tractography were used to identify WM abnormalities associated with PLEs at baseline. These abnormalities were then examined for association to social problems and social competence in 28 participants at 12-month follow-up.ResultsLower FA in regions proximal to the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and corticospinal tract bilaterally as well as in the left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and inferior longitudinal fasciculus were associated with higher levels of PLEs at baseline. Moreover, baseline FA in the SLF, but not baseline severity of PLEs, was significantly predictive of social competence at a 12-month follow-up. In contrast, baseline severity of PLEs, but not baseline FA in the SLF, predicted social problems at 12-month follow-up.DiscussionThese findings suggest that alterations in WM, which are associated with symptoms of psychosis well below the threshold of clinical significance, may have significant ramifications for later social development.
Lower Lumbar Segmental Arteries Can Intersect Over the Intervertebral Disc in the Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion Approach With a Risk for Arterial Injury
Authors: Orita Sumihisa , Inage Kazuhide , Sainoh Takeshi , Fujimoto Kazuki , Sato Jun , Shiga Yasuhiro , Kanamoto Hirohito , Abe Koki , Yamauchi Kazuyo , Aoki Yasuchika , Nakamura Junichi , Matsuura Yusuke , Suzuki Takane , Kubota Go , Eguchi Yawara , Terakado Atsushi , Takahashi Kazuhisa , Ohtori Seiji 
Published: May 2016

Study Design.
A retrospective radiological study on vascular anatomy.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomical and radiological features of lumbar segmental arteries with respect to the surgical field of the oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) approach by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Summary of Background Data.
OLIF surgery restores disc height and enables indirect decompression of narrowed spinal canals through an oblique lateral approach to the spine, by using a specially designed retractor. In a minimal surgical field, injuring segmental arteries can cause massive hemorrhage.

Methods.
We reviewed 272 lumbar MRIs. In the sagittal images, the intersection of one-third of the anterior and median lines of the intervertebral disc (IVD) was considered the center of the virtually installed OLIF retractor. The cephalad/caudal distances from the center and branch angles of segmental arteries to the longitudinal axes of the aorta were measured to determine whether the segmental arteries run into the surgical area. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results.
The branch angles of segmental arteries were significantly acute (≤90°) in L1–L3 arteries and significantly blunt (>90°) in L4 and L5 arteries. The average distance to the center of the caudal adjacent IVD was significantly larger, and there were generally low possibilities for the existence of segmental arteries below half of the vertebral height, where the surgeons can install fixation pins with ease and safety. Among the lumbar segmental arteries, L5 showed specific characteristics with significant deviation, a four times (4.1% vs. L1–L3 segmental arteries) higher adjacency rate, and a two-fifth (38.6% vs. 100%) lower existence rate.

Conclusion.
Segmental arteries can be involved in the surgical field of OLIF especially in the lower lumbar spine level of L4 and L5 arteries, which can directly run across IVDs. L5 segmental arteries can also be iliolumbar arteries that have an abnormal trajectory by nature.

Level of Evidence: 4
Non-traumatic keratitis due to Colletotrichum truncatum
Authors: Llamos Reina , Al-Hatmi Abdullah M. S. , Martínez Gerardo , Hagen Ferry , Velar Rosario , de la Caridad Castillo Pérez Alexeide , Meis Jacques F. , Illnait-Zaragozí María T. 
Published: May 2016

Introduction:
The fungal genus Colletotrichum is an uncommon cause of human infections. It has been implicated in cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis, artritis and keratitis secondary to traumatic implantation.

Case presentation:
We report two cases of keratitis due Colletotrichum truncatum in middle-aged, immunocompetent persons without history of trauma. The aetiological agents were identified based on DNA sequencing. Azoles and echinocandins showed high minimal inhibitory concentrations while amphotericin B was ≤ 0.25  mg l−1. Both patients failed topical antifungal treatment and needed penetrating keratoplasty with a favourable outcome.

Conclusion:

C. truncatum caused keratomycosis which did not respond to topical antifungal agents. To the best of our knowledge these are the first reported cases of keratitis due to this fungus in Cuba and Latin-America and highlights the expanding spectrum of fungal agents causing eye infections.
Protein complex prediction for large protein protein interaction networks with the Core&Peel Method
Authors: Pellegrini Marco , Baglioni Miriam , Geraci Filippo 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMotivations.Biological networks play an increasingly important role in the exploration of functional modularity and cellular organization at a systemic level. Quite often the first tools used to analyze these networks areclustering algorithms. We concentrate here on the specific task of predicting protein complexes (PC) in large protein-protein interaction networks (PPIN). Currently, many state-of-the-art algorithms work well for networks of small or moderate size. However, their performance on much larger networks, which are becoming increasingly common in modern proteome-wise studies, needs to be re-assessed. Our aim is to push forward the state-of the-art in PPIN clustering providing an algorithmic solution with polynomial running time that attains experimentally demonstrable good output quality and speed on challenging large real networks.Results.We present a new fast algorithm for clustering large sparse networks:Core&Peel, which runs essentially in time and storageO(a(G)m+n) for a networkGofnnodes andmarcs, wherea(G) is the arboricity ofG(which is roughly proportional to the maximum average degree of any induced subgraph inG). We evaluatedCore&Peelon five PPI networks of large size and one of medium size from both yeast and homo sapiens, comparing its performance against those of ten state-of-the-art methods. We demonstrate thatCore&Peelconsistently outperforms the ten competitors in its ability to identify known protein complexes and in the functional coherence of its predictions. Our method is remarkably robust, being quite insensible to the injection of random interactions.Core&Peelis also empirically efficient attaining the second best running time over large networks among the tested algorithms.Availabilityhttp://bioalgo.iit.cnr.it(via web interface)Contactmarco.pellegrini@iit.cnr.it
50-valent inactivated rhinovirus vaccine is broadly immunogenic in rhesus macaques
Authors: Lee Sujin , Nguyen Minh Trang , Currier Michael G. , Jenkins Joe B. , Strobert Elizabeth A. , Kajon Adriana E. , Madan-Lala Ranjna , Bochkov Yury A. , Gern James E. , Roy Krishnendu , Lu Xiaoyan , Erdman Dean D. , Spearman Paul , Moore Martin L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAs the predominant etiological agent of the common cold, human rhinovirus (HRV) is the leading cause of human infectious disease. Early studies showed monovalent formalin-inactivated HRV vaccine can be protective, and virus-neutralizing antibodies (nAb) correlated with protection. However, co-circulation of many HRV types discouraged further vaccine efforts. We approached this problem straightforwardly. We tested the hypothesis that increasing virus input titers in polyvalent inactivated HRV vaccine will result in broad nAb responses. Here, we show that serum nAb against many rhinovirus types can be induced by polyvalent, inactivated HRVs plus alhydrogel (alum) adjuvant. Using formulations up to 25-valent in mice and 50-valent in rhesus macaques, HRV vaccine immunogenicity was related to sufficient quantity of input antigens, and valency was not a major factor for potency or breadth of the response. We for the first time generated a vaccine capable of inducing nAb responses to numerous and diverse HRV types.