bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Culprit Vessel–Only Versus Multivessel Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock Complicating ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Kolte Dhaval , Sardar Partha , Khera Sahil , Zeymer Uwe , Thiele Holger , Hochadel Matthias , Radovanovic Dragana , Erne Paul , Hambraeus Kristina , James Stefan , Claessen Bimmer E. , Henriques Jose P.S. , Mylotte Darren , Garot Philippe , Aronow Wilbert S. , Owan Theophilus , Jain Diwakar , Panza Julio A. , Frishman William H. , Fonarow Gregg C. , Bhatt Deepak L. , Aronow Herbert D. , Abbott J. Dawn 
Published: November 2017

Background—
The optimal revascularization strategy in patients with multivessel disease presenting with cardiogenic shock complicating ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction remains unknown.

Methods and Results—

Databases were searched from 1999 to October 2016. Studies comparing immediate/single-stage multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention (MV-PCI) versus culprit vessel–only PCI (CO-PCI) in patients with multivessel disease, ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction, and cardiogenic shock were included. Primary end point was short-term (in-hospital or 30 days) mortality. Secondary end points included long-term mortality, cardiovascular death, reinfarction, and repeat revascularization. Safety end points were in-hospital stroke, renal failure, and major bleeding. The meta-analysis included 11 nonrandomized studies and 5850 patients (1157 MV-PCI and 4693 CO-PCI). There was no significant difference in short-term mortality with MV-PCI versus CO-PCI (odds ratio [OR], 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81–1.43;
P
=0.61). Similarly, there were no significant differences in long-term mortality (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.54–1.30;
P
=0.43), cardiovascular death (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.42–1.23;
P
=0.23), reinfarction (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 0.84–3.26;
P
=0.15), or repeat revascularization (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.76–1.69;
P
=0.54) between the 2 groups. There was a nonsignificant trend toward higher in-hospital stroke (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 0.98–2.72;
P
=0.06) and renal failure (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.98–1.72;
P
=0.06), with no difference in major bleeding (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 0.39–5.63;
P
=0.57) with MV-PCI when compared with CO-PCI.

Conclusions—
This meta-analysis of nonrandomized studies suggests that in patients with cardiogenic shock complicating ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction, there may be no significant benefit with single-stage MV-PCI compared with CO-PCI. Given the limitations of observational data, randomized trials are needed to determine the role of MV-PCI in this setting.
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Trajectories of Hospitalization in US Men and Women With Heart Failure
Authors: Dupre Matthew E. , Gu Danan , Xu Hanzhang , Willis Janese , Curtis Lesley H. , Peterson Eric D. 
Published: November 2017

Background
Prior studies have documented racial and ethnic disparities in hospitalization among patients with heart failure (HF). However, racial/ethnic differences in trajectories of hospitalization following the diagnosis of HF have not been well characterized. This study examined racial/ethnic differences in individual‐level trajectories of hospitalization in older adults with diagnosed HF.

Methods and Results

Data from a nationally representative prospective cohort of US men and women aged 45 years and older were used to examine the number of hospitalizations reported every 24 months. Participants who were non‐Hispanic white, non‐Hispanic black, and Hispanic with a reported diagnosis of HF (n=3011) were followed from 1998 to 2014. Results showed a quadratic change in the number of reported hospitalizations following HF diagnosis, with an average of 2.36 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.19–2.53;
P
<0.001) hospitalizations within 24 months that decreased by 0.35 (95% CI, −0.45 to −0.25;
P
<0.001) every 24 months and subsequently increased by 0.03 (95% CI, 0.02–0.05;
P
<0.001) thereafter. In men, there were no racial/ethnic differences in hospitalizations reported at the time of diagnosis; however, Hispanic men had significant declines in hospitalizations after diagnosis (Hispanic×time=−0.52; 95% CI, −0.99 to −0.05 [
P
=0.031]) followed by a sizeable increase in hospitalizations at later stages of disease (Hispanic×time
2
=0.06; 95% CI, 0.00–0.12 [
P
=0.047]). In women, hospitalizations were consistently high following their diagnosis and black women had significantly more hospitalizations throughout follow‐up than white women (black=0.28; 95% CI, 0.00–0.55 [
P
=0.048]). Racial/ethnic disparities varied by geography and the differences remained significant after adjusting for multiple sociodemographic, psychosocial, behavioral, and physiological factors.

Conclusions
There were significant racial/ethnic differences in trajectories of hospitalization following the diagnosis of HF in US men and women. Racial/ethnic disparities varied by place of residence and the differences persisted after adjustment for multiple risk factors. The findings have important implications that may be crucial to planning the immediate and long‐term delivery of care in patients with HF to reduce potentially preventable hospitalizations.
Greco-Roman Ethical-Philosophical Influences in Bardaisan’s “Book of the Laws of Countries”
Authors: Robertson Paul 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Bardaisan of Edessa’s Book of the Laws of Countries contains many elements of Greco-Roman ethical philosophy, ranging from loose allusions to fairly clear instances of direct borrowing. The influences from Greco-Roman philosophy are diverse, including Stoicism, Cynicism, Epicureanism, and the nebulously-defined “Middle Platonic” material that drew and innovated from both Platonic and Stoic sources. Specifically, we see in Laws several ethical concepts derived from Greco-Roman philosophy: the ideal human attitude to external forces, particularly the evils of society; the link between divinity, inner moral character, and proper ethics; the innate goodness of human character that can be improved and perfected based on an ideal of nature; and (closely aligned with the first concept) an understanding that moral virtue is determined by one’s individual, free will decisions, implying an innate valuation of the internal at the expense of the external.
Incubation temperature and clutch effects on initial body sizes and growth rates in green iguana hatchlings (Iguana iguana)
Authors: Martínez-Caballero Yuleimis T. , Bock Brian C. , Pérez Isabel , Ortega-León Ángela M. , Páez Vivian P. 
Published: November 2017

Large initial body size and rapid early growth rate are important in many species, both because predation rates decline as individuals grow and because females that attain a larger adult body size are more fecund. To identify possible factors contributing to size and growth rate variation in hatchling green iguanas, we artificially incubated six clutches at three constant temperatures to test for effects of incubation temperature and/or clutch effects on initial size and growth rate. Higher incubation temperatures resulted in significantly shorter incubation periods but did not influence initial body size. There were significant differences among clutches in egg size, and also in initial hatchling body size, even after correcting for differences in egg size among clutches. A subset of hatchlings from each nest was reared in semi-natural conditions for four months, with individuals from the high incubation temperature condition exhibiting the slowest longer-term growth rates. No clutch effects were detected in the growth rate analyses. The observed variation in early growth rate of juvenile iguanas seems to be selectively important and this variation may be due in part to the conditions the eggs experience during incubation, but clutch effects in this study were limited to egg size and initial hatchling body size variation, but were not found for subsequent growth rates.
Ektos sumphorās: Tragic Athens
Authors: Mills Sophie 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
It is orthodox to state that tragedy encourages its audience to meditate on questions related to living in the polis with the resulting claim that it should promote self-examination among its citizen-spectators. The evidence that tragedy is political in some sense is incontrovertible. And yet, given what is sometimes seen on stage, it is worth exploring this orthodoxy a little and asking if there are limitations to it. In particular, what happens when the city of Athens itself is brought into close contact with tragic suffering? It seems that there were limits to what the Athenians were willing to see of suffering that directly involved their city. This paper suggests that by its nature, tragedy must always contain the possibility of not challenging, but rather reaffirming, the audience’s beliefs about their own city and thus themselves. Modern scholars may possibly over-estimate the Athenians’ ability for self-critique.
Democratic Paideia in Aeschylus’ Suppliants
Authors: Pattoni Maria Pia 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The analysis of political language in Aeschylus’ Suppliants confirms the hypothesis that the form of government here represented is strongly influenced by contemporary Athens: prehistoric Argos turns out to be a sort of mirror of democratic Athens. It is no coincidence that the sequence running from the entrance of Pelasgus at l. 234 to the Danaids’ song of benediction (ll. 625-709) presents a dramatic pattern similar in several respects to that underlying in Eumenides 397-1002 (the scenes between the entrance of Athena and the Chorus’ prayer of blessing). Pelasgus (likewise Athena in Eumenides) imparts a sort of lesson on ‘democratic paideia’ to the Danaids, in view of their integration as metoikoi in the institutional structures of the polis.
‘Democracy’ and Aristophanes: A Terminological Approach
Authors: Lauriola Rosanna 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The term and the concept democracy prove to be not as easy to define as one might think. The word in itself implies some contradictions that undermine the very foundations of the form of government it describes, such as equality, freedom, tolerance, etc. The occurrences of the term and its derivates in Aristophanes seem to confirm this, thus proving the poet’s deep understanding of the political problematic mechanisms at work in 5th-century democratic Athens. By playing with the ambiguities of the terminology centered on δηµοκρατία, not only does Aristophanes denounce the flaws of democracy in general, and Athenian democracy in particular, but he also anticipates, in a way, the basic points of the ‘debate-to-be’ on the constitutions in which Plato and Aristotle, among others, will engage from the second half of the 5th century on.
Rethinking Aristophanes’ Comic Hero: Utopianism, Ambiguity, and Athenian Politics
Authors: Magnelli Enrico 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper aims to reconsider the so-called ‘comic heroism’ in Aristophanes’ extant plays. The comic hero does not always express the collective self-image, like Dicaeopolis in Acharnians and Trygaios in Peace; Knights, as early as 424 bc, is a telling instance of Aristophanes’ will to introduce a much more nuanced picture of both the imaginary and the real Athens. Clouds and Wasps also provide further variations. But the real turning point comes in 414 with Birds, whose much disputed political meaning deserves the closest attention. After the ambiguous, disquieting Peisetaerus, comic heroes will not entirely disappear from Aristophanic comedy, yet their nature will never be the same again. Good ideas may come from a clever woman (Lysistrata), a cowardly god (Dionysus in Frogs), or even Apollo’s shrine (in the late Plutus), no longer from the Attic ‘common man’ of the earlier plays. The political evolution of Athens during the Peloponnesian War appears to have altered Aristophanes’ (alleged) trust in some kind of ‘saviour’ emerging from the erratic mass of Athenian male citizens.
On the Date of Eupolis’ Demes and the Political Events of 412 bc
Authors: Olson S. D. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Eupolis’ fragmentary Demes has traditionally been placed in 412 bc, after the failure of the Sicilian Expedition but before the oligarchic coup of 411. Ian Storey has recently argued that the play belongs instead in 417 or perhaps 416 bc, while Mario Telò and Leone Porciani put it in 410 bc. This article demonstrates that both alternative dates face decisive objections, and suggests that Demes is better kept in 412 bc. I then briefly consider the role of late 5th-century Athenian “political” comedy generally, and in particular the sort of popular sentiment that Eupolis’ comedy must have been exploiting or echoing when it was conceived in the first half of 413.
New taxa and new records of Deltocephalini leafhoppers from Thailand (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae)
Authors: DUAN YANI , DIETRICH CHRISTOPHER H. , WEBB MICHAEL D. , ZHANG YALIN 
Published: November 2017

Two new genera and three new species of the leafhopper tribe Deltocephalini are described from Thailand, viz., Loeia Duan gen. n. with L. tamtipi Duan sp. n. as type species, Phetchabunia Duan gen. n. with P. janteabi Duan sp. n. as type species, and Maiestas subsirii Duan sp. n.. Five new country records for Thailand are also given, viz. Deltocephalus vulgaris Dash & Viraktamath, Maiestas dinghuensis Zhang & Duan, Maiestas scripta (Distant), Paramesodes sp., and Polyamia acicularis Dai, Xing & Li.
Sense of Coherence: Learning to live with chronic illness through health education
Authors: Førland Georg , Eriksson Monica , Silèn Charlotte , Ringsberg Karin 
Published: November 2017

Objective: This study examines people’s experiences of how to live with a chronic disease, their learning needs and their reasons for participating in a health education programme. The aim of the study was to examine if and how a Sense of Coherence (SOC) might guide an understanding of learning processes in health education. Methods: This study has a qualitative study design with data collected through five group interviews. Interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis to identify principal categories of response. Directed content analysis was then used to reference the categories emerging in the first step to the study’s theoretical framework. Results: Three main categories were found: (1) the ability to cope with daily life, (2) assets for a better life both in the present and for the future, and (3) the need for knowledge. A synthesis of empirical findings with reference to the first stage of analysis, the three main aspects of learning, and the three dimensions of a SOC revealed that a SOC may be useful in guiding an understanding of learning processes in health education as a life-oriented mastering resource. Conclusion: SOC offers a useful framework for informing health education. Research is needed to deepen an understanding of how salutogenic theory can strengthen the development of health education programmes and understanding of participants’ learning.
An effective hangover treatment: Friend or foe?
Authors: Mackus Marlou , Lantman Marith van Schrojenstein , JAE van de Loo Aurora , Nutt David , Verster Joris C 
Published: November 2017

Background The purpose of this study was to examine whether drinkers would change their alcohol consumption behavior if an effective hangover treatment became available. Methods An online survey was held among Dutch students, aged 18–30 years, who recently had a hangover. Participants were asked (1) whether they would buy an effective hangover treatment if it became available and (2) whether using such a product would increase their alcohol consumption. In a follow-up survey, the same participants could clarify their answers in detail. Results A total of 1837 subjects completed the survey: 69.9% of the participants indicated they would buy an effective hangover treatment if available, 8.1% answered “no”, and 22.1% did not know. Only 13.4% stated that using such a treatment would increase their alcohol consumption. The majority of 71.6% stated it would not increase their alcohol consumption and 15.1% did not know. The follow-up survey was completed by N = 471 participants, of which 11.9% stated consuming more alcohol, 70.3% reported not to drink more alcohol, and 17.8% did not know. Motives for not consuming more alcohol were “The risk of having a hangover does not influence my drinking behavior” (24.2%), and “alcohol is a harmful substance” (20.3%). Discussion Social drinkers second the need for an effective hangover treatment. However, according to the vast majority of them, the availability of an effective hangover treatment would not result in an increase of alcohol consumption.
Final analysis of survival outcomes in the phase 3 FIRST trial of up-front treatment for multiple myeloma
Authors: Facon Thierry , Dimopoulos Meletios A. , Dispenzieri Angela , Catalano John V. , Belch Andrew , Cavo Michele , Pinto Antonello , Weisel Katja , Ludwig Heinz , Bahlis Nizar J. , Banos Anne , Tiab Mourad , Delforge Michel , Cavenagh Jamie D. , Geraldes Catarina , Lee Je-Jung , Chen Christine , Oriol Albert , De La Rubia Javier , White Darrell , Binder Daniel , Lu Jin , Anderson Kenneth C. , Moreau Philippe , Attal Michel , Perrot Aurore , Arnulf Bertrand , Qiu Lugui , Roussel Murielle , Boyle Eileen , Manier Salomon , Mohty Mohamad , Avet-Loiseau Herve , Leleu Xavier , Ervin-Haynes Annette , Chen Guang , Houck Vanessa , Benboubker Lotfi , Hulin Cyrille 
Published: November 2017

Key Points
Rd continuous significantly extended OS compared with MPT and resulted in comparable OS to that with Rd18 in patients with multiple myeloma. Patients achieving complete or very good partial response with Rd benefited greatly from continuous vs fixed treatment in terms of PFS.
Donor-specific and -nonspecific HLA antibodies and outcome post lung transplantation
Authors: Verleden Stijn E. , Vanaudenaerde Bart M. , Emonds Marie-Paul , Van Raemdonck Dirk E. , Neyrinck Arne P. , Verleden Geert M. , Vos Robin 
Published: November 2017

Donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) against human leukocyte antigen (HLA) are associated with chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) and mortality post lung transplantation, but data concerning prevalence, time of onset, persistence and effects on long-term outcome remain scarce.We assessed the association between HLA antibodies and CLAD-free and graft survival in a cohort of 362 patients. We stratified our analysis according to DSA status, persistence of antibodies and timing of antibodies (pre-transplant, early or late post-transplant).Within our cohort, 61 (17%) patients developed DSAs (mostly against HLA-DQ), which was associated with worse CLAD-free and graft survival (p<0.0001 and p=0.059, respectively). Persistent (hazard ratio (HR) 3.386, 95% CI 1.928–5.948; p<0.0001) as well as transient (HR 2.998, 95% CI 1.406–6.393; p=0.0045) DSAs were associated with shorter CLAD-free survival compared with patients without DSAs. Persistent DSAs (HR 3.071, 95% CI 1.632–5.778; p=0.0005) but not transient DSAs were negatively associated with graft survival compared with patients without DSAs, likely due to the higher incidence of restrictive CLAD. HLA non-DSAs and pre-transplant HLA antibodies had no effect on post-transplant outcome.We demonstrated an important difference in prognosis between persistent and transient DSAs. Moreover, the observed association between DSAs and restrictive CLAD suggests an overlap between antibody-mediated rejection and restrictive CLAD that needs further investigation.
The effect of treatment for sleep apnoea on determinants of blood pressure control
Authors: Casitas Raquel , Martínez-Cerón Elisabet , Galera Raúl , Cubillos-Zapata Carolina , González-Villalba María Jesús , Fernández-Navarro Isabel , Sánchez Begoña , García-Sánchez Aldara , Zamarrón Ester , García-Río Francisco 
Published: November 2017

Our aim was to assess the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on the nocturnal evolution of peripheral chemosensitivity, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system activity, sympathetic tone and endothelial biomarkers in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients with isolated nocturnal hypertension (INH) or day–night sustained hypertension (D-NSH).In a crossover randomised trial, 32 OSA patients newly diagnosed with hypertension and without antihypertensive treatment were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of CPAP or sham CPAP. Peripheral chemosensitivity was evaluated before and after sleep using the hypoxic withdrawal test (%ΔVI).At baseline, D-NSH patients showed higher %ΔVIbefore sleep and higher levels of aldosterone and diurnal catecholamines. CPAP only reduced the nocturnal increase of %ΔVIin INH patients (6.9%, 95% CI 1.0–12.8%; p=0.026). CPAP-induced change from baseline in %ΔVIafter sleep was 7.5% (95% CI 2.6–12.2%, p=0.005) in the INH group and 5.7% (95% CI 2.2–9.3%, p=0.004) in the D-NSH group. In contrast, %ΔVIbefore sleep only decreased with CPAP in the D-NSH patients (3.0%, 95% CI 0.5–5.6%; p=0.023).In conclusion, CPAP reduces the nocturnal increase of peripheral chemosensitivity experienced by INH patients and corrects the high daytime sensitivity of patients with D-NSH. Differences in response to CPAP between these patients can help better understand the mechanisms of perpetuation of hypertension in sleep apnoea.
The unsuspected prosthetic joint infection
Authors: Jacobs A. M. E. , Bénard M. , Meis J. F. , van Hellemondt G. , Goosen J. H. M. 
Published: November 2017

Aims Positive cultures are not uncommon in cases of revision total knee and hip arthroplasty (TKA and THA) for presumed aseptic causes. The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of positive intra-operative cultures in presumed aseptic revision of TKA and THA, and to determine whether the presence of intra-operative positive cultures results in inferior survival in such cases. Patients and Methods A retrospective cohort study was assembled with 679 patients undergoing revision knee (340 cases) or hip arthroplasty (339 cases) for presumed aseptic causes. For all patients three or more separate intra-operative cultures were obtained. Patients were diagnosed with a previously unsuspected prosthetic joint infection (PJI) if two or more cultures were positive with the same organism. Records were reviewed for demographic details, pre-operative laboratory results and culture results. The primary outcome measure was infection-free implant survival at two years. Results The incidence of unsuspected PJI was 27 out of 340 (7.9%) in TKA and 41 out of 339 (12.1%) in THA. Following revision TKA, the rate of infection-free implant survival in patients with an unsuspected PJI was 88% (95% confidence intervals (CI) 60 to 97) at two years compared with 98% (95% CI 94 to 99) in patients without PJI (p = 0.001). After THA, the rate of survival was similar in those with unsuspected PJI (92% (95% CI 73 to 98) at two years) and those without (94% (95% CI 89 to 97), p = 0.31). Conclusion Following revision of TKA and THA for aseptic diagnoses, around 10% of cases were found to have positive cultures. In the knee, such cases had inferior infection-free survival at two years compared with those with negative cultures; there was no difference between the groups following THA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1482–9.