bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paliperidone palmitate versus other antipsychotics
Authors: Hervías Higueras P. , Maroto Martín L. , Raffo Moncloa S. , Leonor del Pozo M. 
Published: May 2016

The aim of the study was to describe the psychopharmacological treatments received by inpatients diagnosed with spectrum disorders schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders in Dr. Rodriguez Lafora Hospital. It is an observational, descriptive and retrospective study. We collected information about patients aged 18 to 64 who were hospitalized during the month of January of 2015 in the acute psychiatric hospitalization by Selene software. We reviewed treatments and number of psychiatric re-hospitalization six months later and we analyzed the results by SPSS software. From a sample of 51 inpatients, 15 of them were diagnosed with disorders of the spectrum of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Of the patients, 13.3% was treated with haloperidol, 26.7% with olanzapine, 26.7% with risperidone although it was modified by paliperidone in mental health center, 6.7% with quetiapine, 6.7% with amisulpride, 13.3% with oral paliperidone and 13.3% patients with intramuscular paliperidone. Of these, 40% are readmitted to hospital. Patients were readmitted due to ineffectiveness and adverse effects of haloperidol, olanzapine, risperidone. 73.3% of inpatients were treated with monotherapy. Of the patients, 26.7% were treated with polytherapy, who received olanzapine, risperidone and amisulpride. It would be important to use psychoactive substances that allow monotherapy to reduce adverse effects and psychiatric re-hospitalization.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
About existence of overmedication in patients with depressive symptoms and the appearance of un-induced movement disorder
Authors: Manzur Rojas P. , Carrillo Cordoba M.A. , Sanchez Bahillo A. , Raposo Hernandez M.R. , Botias Cegarra P. , Ibernon Caballero M.I. 
Published: May 2016

Overmedication and the combined use of various antidepressants while increasingly seen in daily clinical practice. The drug-induced Parkinsonism, often presented as tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia and impaired postural reflexes. The syndrome is caused by multiple drug drugs can be classified into high risk, intermediate and low. This case is a 75-year-old woman diagnosed with recurrent depressive disorder, which after several adjustments in medication for depressive symptoms with poor response to treatment. It is referred by her family doctor to the neurologist at the onset of tremors in limbs, dyskinesia orolinguales, rigidity and bradykinesia. After studies to rule out organic neurology disease, is derived psychiatry for changing inducing drugs parkinsonism. The last scheduled treatment was: Mirtazapine 15 mg/day, quetiapine 25 mg/day, Clonazepam 2 mg/day, paroxetine 40 mg/day, Sulpiride 50–150 mg daily. After confirming parkinsonism signs, psychiatry proceeds to changing pharmacology, with slow decline until suspension of antipsychotics, paroxetine by venlafexina change, and also change of antihypertensive (captopril). After review at 2 months it is seen signs of improvement parkinsonism, appreciating the mental patient improvement with decreased physical discomfort and keeping the improvement in the last review (4 month) with venlafaxine 150 mg/day, Lorazepam 1 mg casual. The prevalence of drug-induced Parkinson's can go from 15 to 32% of the population. Risk factors identified are: advanced age, family predisposition, doses and drug power inductor, female gender and the presence of brain atrophy. The main objective should be to prevent the onset of Parkinson drug, to monitor patients that may be at higher risk of developing it.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Tolerability of desvenlafaxine in clinical practice: An observational phase-IV study
Authors: Navarro B. , Perez I. , Perez L. , Erkoreka L. , Arroita A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionDesvenlafaxine is a SNRI which presents low affinity for muscarinic, H1 and α1 in vitro receptors and a marginal hepatic metabolism. Different studies have shown effectiveness and a favorable tolerability profile, but only a few of them have been realized independently.Objectives and aimsTo study the incidence and characteristics of short-term desvenlafaxine side effects (SE) in daily clinical practice.MethodsA total of 123 patients with recently introduced desvenlafaxine treatment are recruited from Barakaldo and Uribe-Kosta Mental Health Centers, and UKU scale is administered to measure SE. Descriptive data are calculated using SPSS v.22.ResultsSE are observed in 30.09%. Among these, 5.69% experimented improvement or disappearance of SE with dose reduction, whereas 16.26% had to stop DVF treatment. The most frequent SE was nausea/vomiting (7.3%), followed by dry mouth (4.9%), blurred vision (4.9%), tachycardia (4.1%), sexual SE (4.1%) and tension/inner unrest (4.1%). Among the patients with anxiety disorders, 27.78% present SE versus 30.47% of patients with other diagnoses.ConclusionsThe characteristics of SE with DVF in daily clinical practice are comparable to those found in previous studies, and the overall profile is more benign than other AD. Aspects such as gender and sexual function must be considered. In patients with anxious symptoms DVF is also effective and ES are presented similarly, opening a new line of research and treatment of conditions with these characteristics.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Heavy cannabis use impairs verbal memory of first psychotic episode patients
Authors: Nuñez C. , Ochoa S. , Huerta-Ramos E. , Baños I. , Barajas A. , Dolz M. , Sanchez B. , Del Cacho N. , Genipe G. , Usall J. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionCannabis consumption is known to be increased in both schizophrenic and first psychotic episode patients. Contrary to what has been reported in studies with healthy people, all published studies so far have reported no impairments or even beneficial effects on neurocognition associated with cannabis consumption in schizophrenia and first psychotic episode patients. However, these studies did not address the effects of very high cannabis consumption.ObjectiveOur aim in this study was to assess the effects on neurocognition of regular and heavy cannabis consumption in first psychotic episode patients.MethodsA total of 74 patients were included in the study and assigned to 3 different groups according to their mean cannabis consumption during the last year (non-users, regular users, and heavy users). Participants were administered verbal memory, attention, processing speed, working memory, vocabulary, arithmetic and spatial orientation tasks.ResultsOur results showed the heavy cannabis group of first psychotic episode patients to be significantly impaired in all the verbal memory measures with respect to the non-users group. There were no significant differences between regular users and non-users. Moreover, regular cannabis consumption was associated with an improvement in some attention and processing speed measures.ConclusionsOur data showed heavy cannabis consumption to impair verbal memory in first psychotic episode patients and suggest a dose-related effect of cannabis consumption, since regular consumption did not impair verbal memory and may be beneficial for other tasks.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Reduction in medication expenditure: Review of strategies at a children's psychiatric facility
Authors: Reddy B. , Azeem M.W. , Smiles J. , Carrabetta L. 
Published: May 2016

Prescription drug costs rise about 15% annually. Solnit Center has been exploring ways to reduce overall expenditure on medications while promoting best practice of care. Lack of facility-based pharmacy has posed specific challenges in ordering medications, optimal usage and minimizing wastage of drugs. Each of these areas were examined and reviewed at Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee of the facility. This information was shared with the ordering physicians and standard prescribing practices were established. This project was aimed at tracking medication costs over a 11-year period while monitoring supplies and destruction of unused medications.Aims1. Reduce overall medication expenditure while maintaining standard of care. 2. Develop a program to return unused medications for refund.Methods1. Monthly review of pharmacy cost by facility, patient and medication. 2. Development and legislative approval of a program to return drugs. 3. Collaborate with contracted pharmacy to explore ways to cut costs. 4. Train nurses and physicians to understand optimal ordering practice. 5. Demonstrate medications wasted with associated financial impact to the facility.ResultsThe expenditure to the facility over 11 years has gradually decreased despite increase in medication costs. In 2004, the facility spent $ 712,904 and in 2014, the expenditure was $ 584,022.ConclusionsAwareness about costs and optimal ordering practices led to significant savings to the facility.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A review of transcranial magnetic stimulation for treating negative symptoms of schizophrenia
Authors: Oliveira J. , Sobreira G. , Moreira C.A. , Aleixo M.A. , Brissos S. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionThe finding of prefrontal dysfunction in schizophrenia patients with negative symptoms (NS) has raised interest in using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), which can modulate prefrontal function and dopamine release, as potential treatment for NS.ObjectiveTo briefly review current literature concerning the use of TMS as treatment for NS.AimsTo assess whether current evidence supports the use of TMS for NS.MethodsNarrative review of articles found through a PubMed database search using the keywords “transcranial magnetic stimulation”, “schizophrenia”, and “negative symptoms” between 1998 and 2015.ResultsUp to date, reviews of randomized sham-controlled studies found positive effects of TMS in NS. However, they exposed several methodological difficulties. More recent studies, reviewed in this poster, tried to overcome these, using results from multiple centers, larger samples and blinding. Various TMS techniques were studied, differing in frequency, motor threshold (MT), stimulus location, and treatment duration. Overall, TMS continues to show promising results in reducing NS; particularly rTMS 10 Hz, for at least 15 sessions on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) at a 110% MT.ConclusionsTMS may be a useful treatment for NS for patients not responding to pharmacological treatment alone. Studies remain difficult to compare due to different measures of outcome (PANSS and SANS being the most commonly used) and techniques. Furthermore, possible modulators of response include duration of illness, cognitive symptoms amelioration, medication and their dose, and different NS may respond differently to TMS. More studies are needed to better understand the utility of TMS in NS.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for bipolar disorder
Authors: Abreu T. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionBipolar disorder is a chronic disease with a major impact on patient's functioning and quality of life, not only during episodes of mania/hypomania or depression, but also during euthymic periods. In recent years, it has been noticed that pharmacotherapy, albeit its great value, is not enough to prevent recurrences of the disease. Therefore, it has been a greater investment in psychosocial interventions as adjuvant treatment. The utmost studied of these interventions is Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT).Objectives and aimsGather information about the efficacy of CBT in bipolar disorder.MethodsLiterature review.ResultsSeveral studies have compared groups of bipolar patients submitted to CBT to controls submitted to treatment as usual. The methods and size of samples differ, but the results are in general concordant. Individual or group CBT has had positive results in reducing symptoms, increasing the euthymic periods, decreasing duration of episodes and improving global functioning and quality of life.ConclusionsThere are limitations on the application of CBT in bipolar patients, mainly the decrease of its effects over time; less efficiency in patients with more severe disease; major impact on depressive symptoms than manic; and lack of human resources trained to apply these techniques. Notwithstanding these limitations, the demonstrated gain in the use of CBT on bipolar disorder is evident; hence, investment in this area is undoubtedly important.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Influence of art therapy in complex treatment on the quality of remission in patients with recurrent depressive disorder
Authors: Korostiy V. , Hmain S. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAccording to studies done in recent years regarding the treatment of patients with recurrent depressive disorder, a shift of interest from studies evaluating the effectiveness of therapy to the study of remission is seen. According to the literature, complete remission occurs in only 40–50% of patients, in other cases there is residual symptoms.AimsEvaluating the effectiveness of art therapy in treatment in patients with recurrent depressive disorder on the quality of remission.MethodsThe study involved 135 patients: 60 male and 75 female patients aged from 18 to 30 years old. The main group of patients apart the combined treatment also participated in group art therapy with the use of drawing techniques, while the control group – statutory standard therapy. We used clinical, psychopathological, psychodiagnostic and statistical methods.ResultsThe results of the effectiveness of art therapy in complex treatment in patients with recurrent depressive disorder is detected primarily in reducing of the level of anxiety at the early stages of treatment, as well as in reducing of the severity of anhedonia and improving the quality of life in remission period.ConclusionThese results support the use of art therapy in treatment in patients with recurrent depressive disorder during period of active treatment, and after achieving clinical remission contributes to achieving and maintaining high-quality and stable remission with full restoration of quality of life and social functioning.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychotherapy of somatoform disorders
Authors: Kudinova O. 
Published: May 2016

In Ukraine there is tendency to increased deseaseness and prevalence's of somatoform disorders.The most significant role belongs to the patient's self-evaluation of the influence of the disease on their social status that is an essential past of the self-picture of the disease and the important point of therapeutic rehabilitation intervention.On the basis of the examined 300 patients on somatoform disorders and 200 patients on psychosomatic diseases, we have elaborated a formal test that allows evaluating quantitatively the influents of the disease on various spheres of patients’ social status.It was absolutely unexpectable the common for psychosomatic and somatoform disorders patients rise of significance of personal individual, every day life factors in cases of aggravation of the main disease course. We created the cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy system with suggestive and autosuggestive implementations.Elucidation of peculiarity of personal perception of the disease served as basis of elaboration of purposeful system of psychotherapy, consulting, psychological support for patients with high-effectiveness 1.5–3 years catamnesis in 85% patients.Our experience showed the necessity of the use the target-oriented integrativе models of psychotherapy, parted on stages. On the first stage-sedative-adapting the receptions of cognitive and suggestive psychotherapy are used. There is group therapy on second stage. On the third stage elements of the autogenic training mastered.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Introduction to systemic family therapy
Authors: Peñuelas Calvo I. , Sevilla Llewellyn-Jones J. , Cervesi C. , Sareen A. , Gonzalez Moreno A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionIn the past six decades, extensive research has been done on family therapy from different areas of knowledge such as psychology, psychiatry and social work. Leading to development of different intervention techniques and optimal clinical evaluation with families.AimsThe systemic perspective focus on the study of the dimensions that contribute to the stability and consistency of the members of the family system. The family is an interrelated system, dependent on each other, where there is an influence of the group over the individual, which is why each of its members plays a pivotal role in family therapy. Throughout all these years of evolution of systemic family therapy, many different concepts and techniques have been used, including the ones currently used today.MethodsKnowing the evolution of the different techniques allows us to understand the functioning of families, for example, their links and the elements that constitute it: their roles, the functions performed by each member in the family, communication, standards and power relations.ConclusionsThe descriptive diagnosis of family ties, help us implement intervention strategies that could improve clinical care and diagnostic approach.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
False memory syndrome: A review and emerging issues, following a clinical report
Authors: Santos G. , Costa V. 
Published: May 2016

False Memory Syndrome (FMS) is caused by memories of a traumatic episode, most commonly childhood sexual abuse, which are objectively false, but in which the person strongly believes. These pseudomemories usually arise in the context of adult psychotherapy and are often quite vivid and emotionally charged. FMS is rare and sometimes could be confused with psychotic disorder and malingering. The infrequency with which it is encountered makes this syndrome a diagnostic challenge. Failure to diagnose can lead to significant morbidity.We studied a 26-year-old female with no prior Psychiatric history who started to recall vivid memories of sexual abuse perpetrated by her father, following few sessions of clinical hypnosis. She presented a low mood, disorganized behaviour and aggressivity towards her father when she was admitted to our ward. After a normal CT brain scan and lab tests and a meticulous clinical history, the clinical diagnosis was made. She was successfully managed with supportive psychotherapy combined with mood stabilizer medications.This case illustrates the unknown field between memory and confabulation and the value of a complete history. Physicians should be alert and keep an open mind about this iatrogenic disorder. Research is needed on the identification of memory mechanisms, specific situations and personality factors involved in this syndrome.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Factors associated with non-show to first therapeutic appointments in a mental health clinic in Northern Israel
Authors: Elyashar L. , Vadas L. , Reshef A. , Bloch B. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionPatient non-show to clinical appointments is a major component of nonadherence, specifically in mental health institutions, being twice that of non-show in other medical specialties, and is associated with a greater risk of morbidity and mortality.Aims and objectivesOur study was conducted to assess the rate and factors associated with missed first appointments in an outpatient mental health clinic, in order to find correlates between the various factors and the probability of non-show among newly referred patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of 400 consecutive outpatients referred to a single regional mental health clinic in northern Israel during 9 months. Data was collected on sociodemographics, attendance rates, source of referral, the presence of chronic physical illnesses and time elapsed between referral to appointment. The findings were statistically analyzed to identify factors associated with patient non-show rate.ResultsOf the 400 patients included in the study, the non-show rate was 39.6%. Patients who missed appointments were significantly more likely to be younger, to belong to the Arab sector and to wait longer for their appointment. They were less likely to be physically ill. Gender, marital status and source of referral were not significantly associated with the non-show rate.ConclusionsGiven the problematic potential outcome of non-show to mental health clinics, it is important to identify high-risk factors associated with non-show and unique to the population in question, so that interventions can be targeted at them, thus improving treatment outcome and reducing risk to patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Establishing a physical health monitoring service for patients on depot antipsychotic medication
Authors: Gill M. , McCauley M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionPatients with major mental illness are recognised to be at risk of premature death for a multitude of reasons. Those with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are at highest risk.ObjectivesInternational best practice recommends monitoring of blood tests, physical parameters such as weight, BMI, waist circumference and blood pressure, and side effects of patients prescribed antipsychotic medication. A clinic was established to target these interventions.AimsThis initiative aimed to improve the physical health monitoring of patients prescribed depot antipsychotic medication in a catchment area of approximately 36,000 in Ireland.MethodsA twice-yearly, multidisciplinary monitoring clinic was established. A protocol was drawn up, following a literature review and inspection of current international guidelines, and a proforma assisted as an aide-mémoire. A self-report questionnaire, the Glasgow Antipsychotic Side Effect Scale, was used to enquire about side effects.ResultsEvaluation took place in descriptive form with audit used to examine outcomes. Full blood test monitoring improved from 9% of patients to 61% in one year, with 78% of patients having had at least one blood test recorded. Prior to the clinic's establishment, only one patient had had any physical parameters recorded, but this improved to 96% recorded after the clinics were run. Side effect documentation also improved.ConclusionsThe clinic was well-received and led to improved teamwork. Future recommendations include organising the clinic so as to include simultaneous blood testing. A similar project is being planned to target all patients attending who are prescribed antipsychotic medication.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.