bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can axillary radiotherapy replace axillary dissection for patients with positive sentinel nodes? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhao Min , Liu Wei‐Guang , Zhang Lei , Jin Zi‐Ning , Li Zhan , Liu Cheng , Li Dong‐Bao , Ma Ying , Zhang Jing‐Wen , Jin Feng , Chen Bo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of axillary radiotherapy (ART) with that of completion axillary lymph node dissection (cALND) in clinically node‐negative breast cancer patients with a positive sentinel lymph node.MethodsA literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library by using the search terms “breast cancer”, “sentinel lymph node biopsy”, “axillary radiotherapy” or “regional node irradiation” for articles published between 2004 and 2016. Only randomized controlled trials that included patients with positive sentinel nodes were included in the meta‐analysis.ResultsTwo randomized controlled trials and three retrospective studies were identified. The reported overall survival rate (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75–1.43, P = 0.365), disease‐free survival rate (HR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.58–1.45, P = 0.144), and axillary recurrence rate (1.2% and 0.4%, and 1.3% and 0.8%, respectively) were similar in both groups. The absence of knowledge on the extent of nodal involvement in the ART group appeared to have no major impact on the administration of adjuvant systemic therapy.ConclusionsART is not inferior to cALND in the patients with clinically node‐negative breast cancer who had a positive sentinel lymph node. Information obtained by using cALND after SLNB may have no major impact on the administration of adjuvant systemic therapy.
Vancomycin Administration Through a Novel Midline Catheter: Summary of a 5-Year, 1086-Patient Experience in an Urban Community Hospital
Authors: Caparas Jona V. , Hung Hwei-San 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Background: The 2016 Infusion Therapy Standards of Practice no longer require that low pH (&lt;5) medications be administered via central venous access devices. Nevertheless, the practice of placing PICCs for vancomycin administration often persists.
Purpose: To demonstrate the safety and efficacy of intravenous vancomycin administration through a short and long term midline catheter.
Methodology: A retrospective chart review was performed on 1086 patients who received intravenous vancomycin through a midline catheter.
Results: There were no catheter-associated bloodstream infections and no deep vein thromboses. Phlebitis occurred rarely (0.6%), as did benign infiltrations (1.2%). There were no extravasation injuries.
Conclusions: These outcomes summarize more than 5 years of experience administering intravenous vancomycin (4 mg/mL) safely and cost-efficiently through a nontrimmable midline catheter.
Pathological findings of colorectal polyps analyzed in Curitiba – Brazil
Authors: Nisihara Renato , Fudalli Francine , Turra Mariana Luísa Mafra , Malanche Rhuanna Margareth , Benassi Soraia Heloise , Pimenta Ana Paula Piai , Sakamoto Danielle Giacometti 
Published: March 2017

AbstractContext Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of death from malignancy in the world and the fourth leading cause in Brazil's ranks. Adenomatous polyps are considered premalignant lesions, and its resection reduces both morbidity and mortality rates.Objectives Investigate the prevalence of premalignant lesions and correlate it with age and gender, as well as with the lesion found profile: location, morphology, histology and grade dysplasia.Methods This was a retrospective, observational and descriptive study. We analyzed and tabulated results of polyps reports sent to Pathology Laboratory in the period ranging from January 1 to December 31, 2013, in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.Results We analyzed 4640 reports of colorectal polypectomy, coming from 3089 patients, of whom 97.6% were examined by colonoscopy. Concerning gender, 56.5% were female and 43.5% were male. The mean age was 57.6 years (ranging from 15 to 92 years). The predominant removal areas of polyps were rectum in 26.2% and sigmoid in 24.2% cases. About histological aspects, the most common type – adenoma – was present in 75.1% polyps, of which 74.2% were tubular and 21.7% were serrated. Among the non-adenomatous polyps, hyperplastic prevailed with 88.7% cases. Malignancy was observed in 100 cases (2.15%).Conclusion This study showed higher incidence of colorectal polyps in women, although adenocarcinomas are equally distributed in both sexes. In addition, the average age of patients undergoing colonoscopy is decreasing. Furthermore, 2.15% polyps sent for pathology analysis were found to be malignant.
Development and Initial Validation of the Beliefs About Sexual Functioning Scale: A Gender Invariant Measure
Authors: Pascoal Patrícia M. , Alvarez Maria-João , Pereira Cicero Roberto , Nobre Pedro 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Background
Past research on cognitive models of sexual functioning has focused on sexual beliefs as an important vulnerability factor for sexual dysfunction. However, the existing measurements of sexual beliefs are lengthy and entangle beliefs about sexual functioning with moral beliefs and ideas about sexuality. Furthermore, they have female and male versions, which does not allow for sex comparisons or dyadic research with heterosexual couples.

Aim
To describe the development and validation of the Beliefs About Sexual Functioning Scale (BASEF), which assesses beliefs about sexual functioning in men and women.

Methods
This study included two cross-sectional online studies with adults in heterosexual dyadic committed and exclusive relationships. In study 1 (sample A, n = 274, mean age = 32.27 years; sample B, n = 114, mean age = 30.6 years), the factorial validity of the BASEF was analyzed through an exploratory factor analysis with an initial poll of 51 items, followed by a test of its structure in a confirmatory factor analysis. In study 2 (n = 426, mean age = 31.5 years), the factorial equivalence of the BASEF was tested across sexes and its association with total scores of sexual functioning was analyzed.

Outcome
The main outcome was a new instrument for measurement of beliefs about sexual functioning.

Results
In study 1, 15 items indicating 5 factors were retained. The structure was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis, establishing its factorial validity with the five factors aggregated in a second-order latent variable. In study 2, the equivalence of the BASEF was demonstrated across sexes and its association with theoretically related measurements, the International Index of Erectile Function and the Female Sexual Function Index, was supported.

Clinical Implications
This new measurement could be useful to evaluate clients and design interventions that take into account similarity and discrepancy in sexual beliefs in couples, such as those interventions framed in cognitive and systemic clinical models.

Strengths and Limitations
This study presents a new measurement of beliefs about sexual functioning suited to address an equivalent set of beliefs for men and women. In future studies, the scale will be useful to compare the unique role of these same beliefs in the sexual outcomes of men and women. One major limitation is the lack of examination of the BASEF criterion validity with a clinical sample.

Conclusions
Results are indicative of a brief, valid, and reliable sex-invariant measurement of beliefs about sexual functioning that enables testing of cognitive models of sexual functioning in men and women in clinical and research settings.
Fibres dynamiques. Entropie et dimension
Authors: Thieullen P. 
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we show that the equality between the fractal dimension of the measure and the Lyapunov dimension of the tangent bundle is a sufficient condition to obtain the equality in Pesin’s formula in infinite dimension, between the metric entropy of a map which is not invertible
a priori
and the sum of its positive Lyapunov exponents.

Résumé
Dans cet article, nous montrons que l’égalité entre la dimension fractale de la mesure et la dimension de Lyapounov du fibrè tangent est une condition suffisante pour obtenir l’égalité dans la formule de Pesin en dimension infinie entre l’entropie métrique d’une application de classe non supposée inversible et la somme de ses exposants de Lyapounov positifs.
Resolution of the Cauchy problem for several hyperbolic systems arising in chemical engineering
Authors: Canon E. , James F. 
Published: March 2017

This paper presents the thorough mathematical study of a classical model in chemical engineering: the Langmuir isotherm. This model has been studied by E. Canon for the distillation, and F. James for the chromatography. It is a system of

n

non linear conservation laws (

n ≧ 1

), which is shown to be strictly hyperbolic. The main property of this system is that its rarefaction and shock curves coincide, and moreover are straight lines. This implies a global existence result for the Riemann problem, as well as the convergence of the Godunov scheme. One can finally obtain the existence of an entropie weak solution for the Cauchy problem with any bounded variation initial data.

Résumé

Cet article présente l’étude mathématique complète d’un modèle d’équilibre diphasique classique en génie chimique : l’isotherme de Langmuir. Ce modèle, étudié par E. Canon pour la distillation et F. James pour la Chromatographie, est fondé sur l’écriture d’un système de

n

équations de conservation non linéaires (

n ≧ 1

), dont on démontre la stricte hyperbolicité. La propriété fondamentale du système considéré est que ses courbes de détente et de choc coïncident, et sont des droites. On en déduit un résultat d’existence globale du problème de Riemann, ainsi que la convergence du schéma de Godunov. On obtient finalement l’existence d’une solution faible entropique au problème de Cauchy avec donnée initiale à variation bornée.
Symmetry breaking for a class of semilinear elliptic problems
Authors: Srikanth P.N. 
Published: March 2017

In this article we consider the problem

\tag{$P_\lambda$}
\begin{align*}
−\mathrm{\Delta }u &= u^{p} + \mathrm{\lambda }u\:&&\mathrm{in }\:\:\mathrm{\Omega } \\
u &= 0\:\:\:\:&&\mathrm{on }\:\:∂\mathrm{\Omega }\:\: \\
u &> 0 &&
\end{align*}

where

Ω

is an annulus and

p > 1

. We prove there is always a break of symmetry along the branch of radial solutions if the thickness of

Ω

is sufficiently small.

Résumé
Dans cet article, nous considérons le problème

\tag{$P_\lambda$}
\begin{align*}
−\mathrm{\Delta }u &= u^{p} + \mathrm{\lambda }u,\:\:&&\mathrm{dans}\:\:\mathrm{\Omega }, \\
\:\:\:u &= 0\:\:\:\:\:&&\mathrm{sur}\:\:\:∂\mathrm{\Omega }\:\: \\
u &> 0, &&
\end{align*}

ou

Ω

est un anneau et

p > 1

. Nous montrons qu’il y a toujours une casse de symétrie dans la branche des solutions radiales, si l’épaisseur de

Ω

est suffisamment petite.
Remarks on critical exponents for Hessian operators
Authors: Tso Kaising 
Published: March 2017

The critical exponent for the

k

-th Hessian operator (

k=2,…,n

) is determined and the solvability of the associated Dirichlet problem with sub-critical nonhomogeneous term is discussed.

Résumé
On détermine l’exposant critique pour les opérateurs de Hess, et l’on étudie le problème de Dirichlet associé, avec un terme non homogène sous-critique.
Un résultat de non-existence de solution positive pour une équation elliptique
Authors: Zheng Xiaomin 
Published: March 2017

We prove that, when λ is great enough, there is no positive solution for the equation

−Δu = f(u(x)) − λg(x)

on

Ω

with the Dirichlet condition.

Résumé

On montre que l’équation

−Δu = f(u(x)) − λg(x)

sur

Ω

avec la condition Dirichlet n’a pas de solution positive quand

λ

est assez grand sous des conditions assez générales sur

f

et

g

.
Periodic bounce trajectories with a low number of bounce points
Authors: Giannoni F. , Benci V. 
Published: March 2017

In this paper we study the existence of a periodic trajectory with prescribed period, which bounoes against the boundary of an open subset of

ℝ^N

, in presence of a potential field. We prove the existence of periodic solutions with at most

N + 1

bounce points.

Résumé

Dans ce papier on étudie l’existence d’une trajectoire périodique à période fixée, qui rejaillit sur le bord d’un sous ensemble ouvert de

ℝ^N

dans un champ de potentiel. On démontre qu’il existe des solutions périodiques avec

N + 1

points de rejaillissement au plus.
Attenuation of oxidative stress and cardioprotective effects of zinc supplementation in experimental diabetic rats
Authors: Barman Susmita , Srinivasan Krishnapura 
Published: March 2017

AbstractOxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, which further exacerbates damage of cardiac, hepatic and other tissues. We have recently reported that Zn supplementation beneficially modulates hyperglycaemia and hypoinsulinaemia, with attendant reduction of associated metabolic abnormalities in diabetic rats. The present study assessed the potential of Zn supplementation in modulating oxidative stress and cardioprotective effects in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats with streptozotocin, and groups of diabetic rats were treated with 5- and 10-fold dietary Zn interventions (0·19 and 0·38 g Zn/kg diet) for 6 weeks. The markers of oxidative stress, antioxidant enzyme activities and concentrations of antioxidant molecules, lipid profile, and expressions of fibrosis and pro-apoptotic factors in the cardiac tissue were particularly assessed. Supplemental Zn showed significant attenuation of diabetes-induced oxidative stress in terms of altered antioxidant enzyme activities and increased the concentrations of antioxidant molecules. Hypercholesterolaemia and hyperlipidaemia were also significantly countered by Zn supplementation. Along with attenuated oxidative stress, Zn supplementation also showed significant cardioprotective effects by altering the mRNA expressions of fibrosis and pro-apoptotic factors (by >50 %). The expression of lipid oxidative marker 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) protein in cardiac tissue of diabetic animals was rectified (68 %) by Zn supplementation. Elevated cardiac and hepatic markers in circulation and pathological abnormalities in cardiac and hepatic tissue architecture of diabetic animals were ameliorated by dietary Zn intervention. The present study indicates that Zn supplementation can attenuate diabetes-induced oxidative stress in circulation as well as in cardiac and hepatic tissues.
LIFESPAN OF RUBBER CULTIVATION CAN BE SHORTENED FOR HIGH RETURNS: A FINANCIAL ASSESSMENT ON SIMULATED CONDITIONS IN SRI LANKA
Authors: MUNASINGHE E. S. , RODRIGO V. H. L. 
Published: March 2017

SUMMARYRubber is usually cultivated for lifespan of 30 years based on the technical feasibility of managing tapping panels. For obtaining early financial benefits, there is a demand for shorter lifespan with intensified tapping. With no research conducted on this line, the present study was focussed to investigate the financial feasibility of shortening the lifespan of rubber trees through lifecycle analyses with three principal scenarios of intensified harvesting, i.e.IntensifiedHarvesting throughout theTotal harvestingPeriod to obtain a part or full amount of yield lost due to shortening the lifespan (IHTP),IntensifiedHarvesting only during last 6 Years (IH6Y) andIntensifiedHarvesting at last¼of harvestingPeriod (IH¼P). In IHTP, intensified tapping to achieve 10–15% of yield loss due to shortening the lifespan was found to be effective to reduce the lifespan even up to 21 years. Market price of rubber and tree stand per hectare were found to be the critical factors determining the best lifespan particularly in IHTP. The best lifespan under IH6Y and IH¼P scenarios was in the range of 19–22 years. Agronomic, environmental and social implications in shortening lifespan of rubber are discussed.
Globalisation, the Terms of Trade, and Argentina's Expansion in the Long Nineteenth Century
Authors: FRANCIS JOSEPH A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFollowing Tulio Halperín Donghi's pioneering work, historians have tried to explain why Argentina experienced a dramatic export-led expansion in the first half of the nineteenth century despite a lack of price incentives. This paradox is resolved by a new estimate of Argentina's terms of trade. It suggests that they probably improved by at least 2,000 per cent from the 1780s to the first decade of the twentieth century, so there were considerable price incentives for export-led growth. Labour and capital moved into the export sector, bringing into production the country's Pampean land – a previously under-utilised resource. This suggests that Argentina's expansion in the long nineteenth century was less a result of internal factors than a response to globalisation.
One hundred years of neglect in paediatric schistosomiasis
Authors: BUSTINDUY AMAYA L. , WRIGHT STEPHEN , JOEKES ELIZABETH C. , KABATEREINE NARCIS B. , REINHARD-RUPP JUTTA , KING CHARLES H. , STOTHARD J. RUSSELL 
Published: March 2017

SUMMARYEarly in the history of schistosomiasis research, children under 5 years of age were known to be infected. Although this problem was recognized over 100 years ago, insufficient action has been taken to address this issue. Under current policy, such infected children only receive their first antiparasitic treatment (praziquantel – PZQ) upon entry into primary school as current mass drug administration programmes typically target school-aged children. For many infected children, they will wait up to 6 years before receiving their first medication and significant schistosomiasis-related morbidity may have already established. This inequity would not be accepted for other diseases. To unveil some of the reasons behind this neglect, it is paramount to understand the intricate historical relationship between schistosomiasis and British Imperial medicine, to underline its lasting influence on today's public health priorities. This review presents a perspective on the historical neglect of paediatric schistosomiasis, focusing on important gaps that persist from the early days after discovery of this parasite. Looking to end this inequity, we address several issues that need to be overcome to move forward towards the lasting success of schistosomiasis control and elimination efforts.
Understanding the link between sea ice, ice scour and Antarctic benthic biodiversity–the need for cross-station and international collaboration
Authors: Deregibus D. , Quartino M.L. , Zacher K. , Campana G.L. , Barnes D.K.A. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTThe western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is a hotspot of rapid recent regional ‘climate change’. This has resulted in a 0.4°C rise in sea temperature in the last 50 years, five days of sea ice lost per decade and increased ice scouring in the shallows. The WAP shallows are ideal for studying the biological response to physical change because most known Antarctic species are benthic, physical change occurs mainly in the shallows and most research stations are coastal. Studies at Rothera Station have found increased benthic disturbance with losses of winter sea ice and assemblage-level changes coincident with this ice scouring. Such studies are difficult to scale up as they depend on SCUBA diving – a very spatially limited technique. Here we report attempts to broaden the understanding of benthic ecosystem responses to physical change by replicating the Rothera experimental grids at Carlini Station through collaboration between the UK, Argentina and Germany across Signy, Rothera and Carlini stations. We argue that such collaborations are the way forward towards understanding the big picture of biota responses to physical climate changes at a regional scale.
The discursive pathway of two centuries of raciolinguistic stereotyping: ‘Africans as incapable of speaking French’
Authors: Vigouroux Cécile B. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis article is about the discursive pathway of grammatical structures such asy'a bon‘there's good’, documenting how, in Hexagonal France, it has become an ‘enregistered emblem’ for indexing sub-Saharan Africans and, by extension, any African as allegedly incapable of speaking French competently. I argue that tracing pathways makes it possible to unveil the intricacy of the historicities of production, circulation, and interpretations of such racially based linguistic stereotypes. One of the central questions addressed in this article is: What are the sociohistorical conditions of the emergence and maintenance of these linguistic stereotypes? I show that these are grounded in long-standing linguistic ideologies of French as an exceptional language and of African languages and, therefore, their speakers, as primitive. I demonstrate how the rise of first age mass culture in the nineteenth century contributed to both the entextualization and the circulation of these stereotypical representations. (Stereotypes, mediatization, enregisterment, language ideology, France, Africa)*
Isogenies of non-CM elliptic curves with rational j-invariants over number fields
Authors: NAJMAN FILIP 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe unconditionally determine $I_{\mathbb Q}(d)$, the set of possible prime degrees of cyclic K-isogenies of elliptic curves with ${\mathbb Q}$-rational j-invariants and without complex multiplication over number fields K of degree ≤ d, for d ≤ 7, and give an upper bound for $I_{\mathbb Q}(d)$ for d > 7. Assuming Serre's uniformity conjecture, we determine $I_{\mathbb Q}(d)$ exactly for all positive integers d.