bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Armchair Traveler's Guide to Digital Environmental Humanities
Authors: Jørgensen Finn Arne 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The technological mediation of near and distant landscapes have long fascinated scholars and the public alike, and it seems like this interest peaks around times of large-scale technological transition, when new modes of both transportation and mediation become available. Few scholars have analyzed this relationship between technology, media, and the perception of landscape as convincingly as Wolfgang Schivelbusch, who famously argued that the landscape perceived by travelers was filtered through the machine ensemble of the railroad system. This article brings Schivelbusch's thesis into the digital age as a way of examining the spatiality of digital media and the natural world. The article analyzes a series of technologically mediated digital representations of travel and movement through landscapes, in particular the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation's “slow travel” series of digitally enhanced TV programs. These highly popular mediations of railroad or boat travel challenge Schivelbusch's ideas of speed, distance, and experience of landscapes, but also direct our attention towards the role of digital media in making sense of a changing world.
Fractal Eaarth: Visualizing the Global Environment in the Anthropocene
Authors: Lekan Thomas M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis essay offers a postcolonial critique of recent environmentalist literature and exhibitions that frame the Anthropocene using the NASA Apollo mission's Earthrise (1968) and Blue Marble (1972) photographs from space. Building on the work of Dennis Cosgrove and Donna Haraway, as well as historical evidence from the U.N. Environmental Summit in Stockholm in 1972, the essay explores how the attempt to depict Anthropos as a unitary geophysical agent resurrects the appeal to the Whole Earth environmentalism of the 1970s without attending to the U.S. imperialist and racist connotations of the disembodied “god trick” found in these extraterrestrial photographs. As evidenced already in the 1950s at the landmark Man and Nature conference at Princeton and in the wildlife documentaries of Bernhard and Michael Grzimek, moreover, the first decades of the Great Acceleration witnessed the growing use of aerial images to chart the “disappearance of the outside” and to advocate for wilderness areas in the Global South as a “cultural heritage of mankind.” The confluence of geophysical tipping points, universalist history, and political struggle over decolonization resulted in eco-images that subsumed all parts of the globe—most especially Africa—into a doomsday narrative of human profligacy that lost sight of a kaleidoscopic patchwork of cultural landscapes. Fractal topographies, by contrast, serve as more effective indices of the recursive layering found in digital representations such as Google Earth and help us to stretch our historical imagination and cultural criticism into scale-dependent and multi-agentic realms that lie beyond the Apollonian visions of the late Holocene.
Genesis, Retold: In Search of an Atlas of the Anthropocene
Authors: Struck Wolfgang 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
While, within the last decades, the atlas has lost its dominance as a medium of spatial representation to digital media, it has recently attracted a significant aesthetic interest. Artists and writers have created books that are explicitly or implicitly linked to the atlas, delving into its history, its epistemological preconditions, and its representational capacity. In this essay, I suggest a connection between this attraction to a supposedly outdated medium and the representational challenges raised by the model of the Anthropocene. A first example offers Sebastião Salgado's Genesis (2013), a monumental collection of photographs that promises a journey “to the beginnings of our planet,” confronting the viewer with the dimension of geological time into which human agency has expanded. Due to the indexicality of photography, the Genesis-project has to approach deep time by movements within space, and thus it is not coincidental that the book that is credited as one of the most powerful representations of the Anthropocene resembles an atlas. In this resemblance, however, it also reproduces the abstract and generalized space of cartography. The atlas allows, as I try to demonstrate by a short view into its history, the representation of large dimensions through a negotiation of relations between part and whole, but in order to do so, it increases the distance between the observer and the observed. As an alternative model, I discuss Judith Schalansky's Atlas of Remote Islands (2009, Engl. 2010). More aware of the problematic effects of media and modes of representation on the represented world, Schalansky's atlas deconstructs the observer who looks at the territory from outside and above, and reinserts him or her into a landscape of multiple movements and connections. Exploring a multiplicity of cultural techniques and actors, human as well as non-human, involved in the production of the image of the globe, this atlas becomes a medium of “being in the world” rather than one of “looking at” it. Being in the world is also the attempt of another photographic atlas of deep time, Ernst Haas' The Creation (1972), a thorough negotiation between part and whole, that offers an epilogue to my argument, although it is historically, more than four decades before Salgado's Genesis, a prologue to the recent return of the atlas.
Mountains, Monuments, and Other Matter: Environmental Affects at Manzanar
Authors: Ladino Jennifer K. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis essay investigates the natural landscapes and built structures at the Manzanar National Historic Site, the first of ten incarceration camps to open in 1941 and a temporary home for over 11,000 Japanese Americans. Using former incarceree Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston's writing as a touchstone, my essay foregrounds the environmental features of the (re)location: the extreme desert weather, the mountain vistas, the incarceree-created rock gardens, the reconstructed barracks, guard tower, and barbed wire fence, and the cemetery/monument. I bring together concepts from ecocriticism and from affect theory—particularly Ben Anderson's “affective atmospheres,” Sianne Ngai's “tone,” and Sara Ahmed's characterization of affect as “sticky”—and develop the notion of affective agency to describe the impacts generated by environments and objects at this national memory site. I assess how the visual and written rhetoric at the site addresses what I call an implied tourist, and I show how powerful emotions of shame, anger, grief, and compassion—and sometimes, mixed, even contradictory, affects—are not only represented in visual and written rhetoric but are also, in a sense, communicated by the environment itself. More broadly, I suggest that ecocritical theory brings a useful lens to discussions of public memory, and that affect theory helps account for the less tangible, visceral, experiences visitors have at Manzanar and other fraught historical sites, as well as within our everyday environments.
Pressure ulcer management in paraplegic patients with a novel negative pressure device: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Dwivedi M.K. , Srivastava R.N. , Bhagat A.K. , Agarwal R. , Baghel K. , Jain A. , Raj S. 
Published: April 2016

Objective: A randomised controlled trial to compare negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) using our innovative negative pressure device (NPD) and the standard pressure ulcer (PU) wound dressing of in traumatic paraplegia patients. Method: This study was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery at King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India. Traumatic paraplegia patients with sacral pressure ulcers of stage 3 and 4 were randomised into two groups, receiving either standard wound dressings or NPWT with NPD. The outcomes monitored were length, width (surface area), depth of PU, exudates, discharge, tissue type (necrotic, slough and red granulating tissue), and cost-effectiveness during 0 to 9 weeks follow-up. Results: Length and width were significantly (p<0.01) decreased in NPWT group as compared with standard care group at week 9. At weeks 1, 2 and 3, depth was significantly (p<0.05) higher in NPWT group, whereas at week 9 a significant reduction (p=0.01) was observed. Exudates were significantly (p=0.001) lower in NPWT group at weeks 4 and 9. Conversion of slough into red granulation tissue was significantly higher in NPWT group (p=0.001). Discharge became significantly (p=0.001) lower in NPWT at week 2 and no discharge was observed after week 6. In all parameters, decrease was larger in NPWT group compared with standard care, which was significant for exudates type (p=0.03) and tissue type (p=0.004). Conclusion: Our NPD is better than standard wound care procedures and cost-effective for management of PU.
Influence of Density and Equilibrium Moisture Content on the Hardness Anisotropy of Wood
Authors: Peng Hui , Jiang Jiali , Zhan Tianyi , Lu Jianxiong 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the anisotropic characteristics of Brinell hardness for six species (softwood, Chinese fir [Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.], Red pine [Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc.], Mongolian scotch pine [Pinus sylvestris L. var. mongolica Litv.]; hardwood, Manchurian walnut [Juglans mandshurica Maxim.], Asian white birch [Betula platyphylla Suk.], Mongolian oak [Quercus mongolica Fisch. et Turcz.]) with the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) obtained at four relative humidity (RH) levels (20°C; 50%, 65%, 85%, and 95% RH). The results showed that the cross section of specimens presented higher Brinell hardness and lower elastic recovery than those tested on radial and tangential surfaces. Ovendried density was significantly positively correlated with Brinell hardness. With the exception of softwood on a tangential surface (r = 0.02), there was a statistically significant positive correlation of elastic recovery against ovendried density (at the 0.01 level). We found that a general increase in EMC significantly lowered the Brinell hardness for six species, irrespective of grain orientation. The decreased extent of relative Brinell hardness (HB/HB0) was highest for cross section samples, compared with radial and tangential surfaces. For three softwood species, the decreased extent of HB/HB0 on the radial surface was higher than that on the tangential surface, whereas the opposite relationship was found in three hardwood species. The results indicated that rays were probably the main factor controlling transverse anisotropy in hardwood, while the interaction of earlywood and latewood was more important for softwood. In addition, elastic recovery anisotropy was probably owing to different failure behavior in three directions, and it was difficult to establish a direct influence of EMC on elastic recovery.
Characteristics of Rural Children Admitted to Pediatric Hospitals
Authors: Peltz Alon , Wu Chang L. , White Marjorie Lee , Wilson Karen M. , Lorch Scott A. , Thurm Cary , Hall Matt , Berry Jay G. 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Delivering high-quality care to children living in rural areas can be challenging. Compared with nonrural children, rural children often experience worse health outcomes. We assessed characteristics and hospitalizations of rural children admitted to US children’s hospitals in 2012.METHODS:Retrospective cohort analysis of 672190 admissions between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2012, to 41 children’s hospitals in the Pediatric Health Information System database. ZIP codes were used to assess the patients’ rurality (by using Rural-Urban Community Areas classification), residence in a Health Professional Shortage Area, and family income. Multivariable regression was used to compare patient characteristics and hospital utilization between rural and nonrural children.RESULTS:Rural children accounted for 12% of all admissions (n = 81 360) to the children’s hospitals. Compared with nonrural children, rural children lived farther from the hospital (median [interquartile range]: 68 [48–104] vs 12 [6–24] miles) and more often resided in low-income ZIP codes (53% vs 24%) and Health Professional Shortage Areas (20% vs 4%) (P &lt; .001 for all). Rural children had a higher prevalence of complex chronic conditions (44% vs 37%; P &lt; .001) and medical technology assistance (15% vs 12%; P &lt; .001). In multivariable analysis, rural children experienced higher inpatient costs (mean: $8507 vs $7814; P &lt; .001) and higher odds of 30-day readmission (odds ratio: 1.1; 95% confidence interval: 1.0–1.1; P &lt; .001).CONCLUSIONS:Rural children hospitalized at children’s hospitals have high rates of medical complexity and often reside in low-income and medically underserved areas. Compared with nonrural children, rural children experience more expensive hospitalizations and more frequent readmissions.
Efecto del secado y la edad de las plantas en la composición de los aceites esenciales de Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson y Lippia origanoides Kunth
Authors: Delgado Ospina Johannes , Sánchez Orozco Manuel Salvador , Bonilla Correa Carmen Rosa 
Published: April 2016

En el estudio se determinaron el efecto de la edad de las plantas al momento de la cosecha y del secado de las hojas sobre la composición y concentración de los aceites esenciales de tres acce-siones de Lippia origanoides Kunth. (Patía, Cítrica y Típica) y dos accesiones de Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex Britton &amp; P. Wilson (Cítrica y Típica) cultivadas en campo en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Palmira. En un arreglo de parcelas divididas con tres repeticiones, se evalua-ron 2 factores de secado y tres épocas de cosecha. Los resultados mostraron que el secado aumentó la concentración de los componentes principales de cada accesión de las dos especies de Lippia y que la edad de las plantas al momento de la cosecha no afectó la concentración ni la composición de los aceites esenciales.
Eficiencia de uso de nitrógeno en el cultivo de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Marouani Amel , Harbeoui Youcef 
Published: April 2016

En Túnez, la fertilización nitrogenada de la papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) conjuga la utilización de fertili-zantes minerales con dosis altas, aunque esto no significa alcanzar los rendimientos esperados. Para evaluar la productividad de papa y la eficiencia de uso de N en el sistema de explotación tunecino se reali-zó un experimento en el Centro Técnico de la Papa y de la Alcachofa (CTPTA), Saïda - Manouba. Se usa-ron tres tratamientos de N (0, 50 y 200 kg/ha) y tres variedades de papa: Spunta, Bellini e Atlas. El obje-tivo de este trabajo fue la evaluación de la eficiencia del uso de N en las condiciones agronómicas tuneci-nas del cultivo de papa a partir de la determinación del efecto de distintos dosis de N sobre los parámetros de crecimiento y de desarrollo de la planta y la fijación de la dosis óptima de N que permite el mejora-miento del rendimiento del cultivo. Los resultados mostraron que los mayores rendimientos y N extraído por los tubérculos se encontraron con las disponibilidades más elevadas de N (200 kg/ha). El cálculo del coeficiente del uso aparente de N mostró una baja eficiencia del uso de este nutriente. Con base en el método de la balanza de suministro, la concentración de los nitratos en profundidad fue alta. El software MABIA-Región fue útil para medir la pérdida de nitratos por drenaje.
Sistemas de polinización en granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss.) como base para estudios genéticos y de conservación
Authors: Arias Suárez Juan Carlos , Ocampo Pérez John , Urrea Gómez Ramiro 
Published: April 2016

Por su agradable sabor y contenido nutricional, la granadilla (<em>Passiflora ligularis</em> Juss.) es una de la principales especies frutales de la región Andina tropical. A pesar de su importancia, existe poca información relacionada con los sistemas de polinización que permitan determinar la compatibilidad genética en la especie. Por esta razón, en el presente estudio se estableció la efectividad de los polinizadores naturales y el porcentaje de autopolinización para mejoramiento genético de la especie. La investigación se realizó en la granja Tesorito (Manizales, Caldas) a 2340 msnm (17 °C, HR 78%, BS 1215 horas/año y pluviosidad de 1800 mm/año). En cinco tratamientos, se evaluó la efectividad de la polinización natural y asistida en 42 accesiones de granadilla originarias de 10 departamentos colombianos. La fase de antesis inicia a las 3:00 h y finaliza a 5:00 h, siendo más activa durante los últimos 60 minutos (70%). La granadilla alcanzó hasta 34.3% de formación de frutos por autopolinización espontánea, no obstante la intervención de un vector animado (Xylocopa spp.) incrementó significativamente la formación de los frutos (70%). La precipitación fue la única variable que presentó una alta correlación en todos los tratamientos de polinización (r = -0.70), demostrando un efecto negativo en ellos. El conjunto de resultados sugieren que P. ligularis es una especie autofértil, pero el flujo génico y la productividad dependen de los agentes polinizadores. Estos polinizadores deben ser conservados e integrados en los planes de manejo del cultivo, debido a que proporcionan un servicio reproductivo y ecosistémico.
The Use of Data Mining for Strategic Management: A Case Study on Mining Association Rules in Student Information System / Upotreba rudarenja podataka u strateškom menadžmentu: analiza slučaja upotrebe pravila pridruživanja rudarenja podataka u informacijs
Authors: Onan Aytuğ , Bal Vedat , Yanar BAYAM Burcu 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn today’s competitive conditions changes in business environment and business structures make strategic management an effective form of management for business and organizations. Strategic management is a current management strategy that requires setting of the appropriate strategies, plans and applications and putting them into action in order to reach the aims and goals of organizations. The process of strategic management involves setting the company’s vision, mission and objectives, determining the competitive position, and the evaluation of results obtained by strategy selection, development and application. In the application of activities related to the strategic management of business processes, the discipline of data mining, which can be defined as the process of extracting useful and meaningful patterns from large volumes of data, emerges as a viable method. In this study, strategic management and data mining disciplines and their basic concepts and applications are introduced. Apart from that, data mining methods in the context of strategic management are taken into consideration. In addition, a sample case study about the use of association rule mining algorithms in student information systems data will be presented.Key words: business intelligence; data mining; educational data; knowledge discovery.---Sažetak U današnje vrijeme kada je konkurencija svugdje jaka, promjene u poslovnom okruženju i poslovnim strukturama čine strateški menadžment učinkovitim oblikom menadžmenta u kompanijama i organizacijama. Strateški menadžment je suvremena strategija koja zahtijeva postavljanje odgovarajućih strategija, planova i programa, kao i njihovo provođenje da bi organizacije postigle svoje ciljeve. Proces strateškog menadžmenta podrazumijeva određivanje vizije, misije i ciljeva kompanije, određivanje njezine konkurentnosti i evaluaciju rezultata dobivenu odabirom, razvojem i primjenom strategije. Primjenom aktivnosti povezanih sa strateškim menadžmentom u poslovnim procesima disciplina rudarenja podataka pokazala se jako uspješnom metodom. Ona se može definirati kao proces izdvajanja korisnih i smislenih uzoraka iz veličinom golemih podataka. U ovom istraživanju prikazuju se discipline strateškog menadžmenta i rudarenja podataka, kao i njihovi osnovni pojmovi i primjena. Osim toga, u obzir su uzete metode rudarenja podataka u kontekstu strateškog menadžmenta. Uz to će se još prezentirati i primjer analize slučaja o upotrebi algoritama pravila pridruživanja u rudarenju podataka u sustavu podataka o studentima. Ključne riječi: otkrivanje znanja; poslovna inteligencija; podaci o obrazovanju; rudarenje podataka.
Seeing the person, not just the number: Needs-based rehabilitation of offenders in South African prisons
Authors: Herbig Friedo Johann Willem , Hesselink Ann-Mari Elizabeth 
Published: April 2016

South Africa has one of the highest crime and recidivism rates in the world. Although widely accepted that crime is a complex and multi-nodal social phenomenon, it is indubitably causally linked to South Africa’s historical and current socio-political circumstances, poverty and unemployment, as well as the ineffective rehabilitation and treatment of offenders. Anecdotal evidence suggests that offenders are often apportioned the blame for reoffending and written off as incorrigible, without any real reflection on the efficiency and/or relevance of the prison programmes to which they were subjected to begin with. Accurate and relevant assessment of criminogenic risk factors is not only connected to the major outcomes of meta-analyses, but forms the foundation for treatment-planning and decision-making pertaining to risk and safety, and ultimately abstinence from aberrant behaviour. This article critically addresses the issue of South African needs-based offender rehabilitation in a systemic and diagnostic manner by aligning theory with relevant case scenarios in order to expose the essence of the therapeutic challenges in the South African custodial environment.
Vad vet vi om den ryska pappan? Utvecklingen av faderskapsnormer från ett historiskt och internationellt perspektiv
Authors: Åberg Pelle 
Published: April 2016

What do we know about fatherhood and norms concerning fatherhood in Russia? This article investigates this question using previous research and the contemporary state-discourse. Family and parenthood have been important parts of the state-discourse during the last decades due to the demographic situation in Russia. However, at the same time, fathers are more or less absent from the discourse while mothers and children are occurring frequently. With this as a background, the role of the father is examined, in the past and in the present. This is done using previous research on Soviet and Russian fatherhood, with the aid of knowledge gained through fatherhood studies in other national contexts as well as current policy documents and presidential speeches. The results show that norms concerning fatherhood are closely connected to the sociopolitical context and changes in welfare systems and in the gender contract. The development of fatherhood models differ between Russian and West European, and American, experiences. In today’s Russia there are competing discourses, suggesting that the role of the father is contested. There is evidence of both a marginalized fatherhood model, a legacy from Soviet times, of the traditional breadwinner model of fatherhood as well as of a more nurturing and active type of fatherhood.
(Published: April 2016)
Citation: Pelle Åberg (2016) »Vad vet vi om den ryska pappan? Utvecklingen av faderskapsnormer från ett historiskt och internationellt perspektiv». Nordisk Østforum 30 [1] 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17585/nof.v30.393