bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STROBE-AMS: recommendations to optimise reporting of epidemiological studies on antimicrobial resistance and informing improvement in antimicrobial stewardship
Authors: Tacconelli Evelina , Cataldo Maria A , Paul M , Leibovici L , Kluytmans Jan , Schröder Wiebke , Foschi Federico , De Angelis Giulia , De Waure Chiara , Cadeddu Chiara , Mutters Nico T , Gastmeier Petra , Cookson Barry 
Published: February 2016

ObjectivesTo explore the accuracy of application of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) tool in epidemiological studies focused on the evaluation of the role of antibiotics in selecting resistance, and to derive and test an extension of STROBE to improve the suitability of the tool in evaluating the quality of reporting in these area.MethodsA three-step study was performed. First, a systematic review of the literature analysing the association between antimicrobial exposure and acquisition of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusand/or multidrug-resistantAcinetobacter baumanniiwas performed. Second, articles were reviewed according to the STROBE checklist for epidemiological studies. Third, a set of potential new items focused on antimicrobial-resistance quality indicators was derived through an expert two-round RAND-modified Delphi procedure and tested on the articles selected through the literature review.ResultsThe literature search identified 78 studies. Overall, the quality of reporting appeared to be poor in most areas. Five STROBE items, comprising statistical analysis and study objectives, were satisfactory in <25% of the studies. Informative abstract, reporting of bias, control of confounding, generalisability and description of study size were missing in more than half the articles. A set of 21 new items was developed and tested. The new items focused particularly on the study setting, antimicrobial usage indicators, and patients epidemiological and clinical characteristics. The performance of the new items in included studies was very low (<25%).ConclusionsOur paper reveals that reporting in epidemiological papers analysing the association between antimicrobial usage and development of resistance is poor. The implementation of the newly developed STROBE for antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) tool should enhance appropriate study design and reporting, and therefore contribute to the improvement of evidence to be used for AMS programme development and assessment.
Germline mutations inPMS2andMLH1in individuals with solitary loss of PMS2 expression in colorectal carcinomas from the Colon Cancer Family Registry Cohort
Authors: Rosty Christophe , Clendenning Mark , Walsh Michael D , Eriksen Stine V , Southey Melissa C , Winship Ingrid M , Macrae Finlay A , Boussioutas Alex , Poplawski Nicola K , Parry Susan , Arnold Julie , Young Joanne P , Casey Graham , Haile Robert W , Gallinger Steven , Le Marchand Loïc , Newcomb Polly A , Potter John D , DeRycke Melissa , Lindor Noralane M , Thibodeau Stephen N , Baron John A , Win Aung Ko , Hopper John L , Jenkins Mark A , Buchanan Daniel D 
Published: February 2016

ObjectivesImmunohistochemistry for DNA mismatch repair proteins is used to screen for Lynch syndrome in individuals with colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Although solitary loss of PMS2 expression is indicative of carrying a germline mutation inPMS2, previous studies reportedMLH1mutation in some cases. We determined the prevalence ofMLH1germline mutations in a large cohort of individuals with a CRC demonstrating solitary loss ofPMS2expression.DesignThis cohort study included 88 individuals affected with a PMS2-deficient CRC from the Colon Cancer Family Registry Cohort. GermlinePMS2mutation analysis (long-range PCR and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification) was followed byMLH1mutation testing (Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification).ResultsOf the 66 individuals with complete mutation screening, we identified a pathogenicPMS2mutation in 49 (74%), a pathogenicMLH1mutation in 8 (12%) and aMLH1variant of uncertain clinical significance predicted to be damaging by in silico analysis in 3 (4%); 6 (9%) carried variants likely to have no clinical significance. Missense point mutations accounted for most alterations (83%; 9/11) inMLH1. TheMLH1c.113A> G p.Asn38Ser mutation was found in 2 related individuals. One individual who carried theMLH1intronic mutation c.677+3A>G p.Gln197Argfs*8 leading to the skipping of exon 8, developed 2 tumours, both of which retained MLH1 expression.ConclusionsA substantial proportion of CRCs with solitary loss of PMS2 expression are associated with a deleteriousMLH1germline mutation supporting the screening forMLH1in individuals with tumours of this immunophenotype, when noPMS2mutation has been identified.
Performance and quality indicators for the management of non-cancer chronic pain: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Zidarov Diana , Visca Regina , Gogovor Amédé , Ahmed Sara 
Published: February 2016

IntroductionChronic pain is a public health problem of epidemic proportion in most countries with important physical, psychological, social and economic consequences. The management of chronic pain is complex and requires an integrated network approach between all levels of the healthcare system and the involvement of several health professionals from different disciplines. Measuring the performance of organisations that provide care to individuals with chronic pain is essential to improve quality of care and requires the use of relevant performance and quality indicators. A scoping review methodology will be used to synthesise the evidence on performance and quality indicators developed for non-cancer chronic pain management across the continuum of care.Methods and analysisThe following electronic databases will be searched from 2000 onwards: Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care (EPOC) Review Group Specialised Register; Cochrane Library; EMBASE; PubMed; CINAHL; PsycINFO; ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. All types of studies will be included if these are concerned with performance or quality indicators in adults with chronic non-cancer pain. In addition, searches will be conducted on provincial, national and international health organisations as well as health professional and scientific associations’ websites. A qualitative descriptive approach will be used to describe characteristics of each indicator. All identified indicators will be classified according to dimensions covered by Donabedian and the Triple Aim frameworks.Ethics and disseminationThe scoping review findings will inform the development of a performance measurement system comprising a list of performance indicators with their level of evidence which can be used by stakeholders to evaluate the quality of care for individuals with chronic non-cancer pain at the patient, institutional and system level. The results will be disseminated via several knowledge translation strategies, including 2 stakeholder meetings, publication and presentation at conferences.
Detection rate and predictive factors of sessile serrated polyps in an organised colorectal cancer screening programme with immunochemical faecal occult blood test: the EQuIPE study (Evaluating Quality Indicators of the Performance of Endoscopy)
Authors: Zorzi Manuel , Senore Carlo , Da Re Filippo , Barca Alessandra , Bonelli Luigina Ada , Cannizzaro Renato , de Pretis Giovanni , Di Furia Lucia , Di Giulio Emilio , Mantellini Paola , Naldoni Carlo , Sassatelli Romano , Rex Douglas K , Zappa Marco , Hassan Cesare 
Published: February 2016

ObjectivesTo assess detection rate and predictive factors of sessile serrated polyps (SSPs) in organised colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programmes based on the faecal immunochemical test (FIT).DesignData from a case series of colonoscopies of FIT-positive subjects were provided by 44 Italian CRC screening programmes. Data on screening history, endoscopic procedure and histology results, and additional information on the endoscopy centre and the endoscopists were collected, including the age-standardised and sex-standardised adenoma detection rate (ADR) of the individual endoscopists. The SSP detection rate (SSP-DR) was assessed for the study population. To identify SSP-predictive factors, multilevel analyses were performed according to patient/centre/endoscopist characteristics.ResultsWe analysed 72 021 colonoscopies, of which 1295 presented with at least one SSP (SSP-DR 1.8%; 95% CI 1.7% to 1.9%). At theper-patientlevel, SSP-DR was associated with males (OR 1.35; 95% CI 1.17 to 1.54) and caecal intubation (OR 3.75; 95% CI 2.22 to 6.34), but not with the FIT round. The presence of at least one advanced adenoma was more frequent among subjects with SSPs than those without (OR 2.08; 95% CI 1.86 to 2.33). At theper-endoscopistlevel, SSP-DR was associated with ADR (third vs first ADR quartile: OR 1.55; 95% CI 1.03 to 2.35; fourth vs first quartile: OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.24 to 2.90).ConclusionThe low prevalence of SSPs and the lack of association with the FIT round argue against SSP as a suitable target for FIT-based organised programmes. Strict association of SSP-DR with the key colonoscopy quality indicators, namely caecal intubation rate and high ADR further marginalises the need for SSP-specific quality indicators in FIT-based programmes.
The determinants of transitions into sheltered accommodation in later life in England and Wales
Authors: Vlachantoni Athina , Maslovskaya Olga , Evandrou Maria , Falkingham Jane 
Published: February 2016

BackgroundPopulation ageing is a global challenge and understanding the dynamics of living arrangements in later life and their implications for the design of appropriate housing and long-term care is a critical policy issue. Existing research has focused on the study of transitions into residential care in the UK. This paper investigates transitions into sheltered accommodation among older people in England and Wales between 1993 and 2008.MethodsThe study uses longitudinal data constructed from pooled observations across waves 2–18 of the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) data, focusing on individuals aged 65 and over who lived in private housing at baseline and who were observed for two consecutive time points. A discrete-time logistic regression model was used to examine the association of transitioning into sheltered accommodation with a range of demographic, health and socioeconomic predictors.ResultsDemographic (age, region), socioeconomic factors (housing tenure, having a washing machine) and contact with health professionals (number of visits to the general practitioner, start in use of health visitor) were significant determinants of an older person's move into sheltered accommodation.ConclusionsTransitions into sheltered accommodation are associated with a range of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics as well as service use but not with health. Such results indicate that this type of housing option may be accessible by individuals with relatively good health, but may be limited to those who are referred by gatekeepers. Policymakers could consider making such housing option available to everyone, as well as providing incentives for building lifecourse-sensitive housing in the future.
Registry report of structural and functional cardiac abnormalities diagnosed by echocardiography in an asymptomatic population
Authors: Missouris Constantinos G , Okonko Darlington O , Bharucha Apurva , Al-Obaidi Mohamed , Mandal Amit K , Highett-Smith Paul , Singer Donald R J 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe epidemiology of heart disease is changing, with rheumatic heart disease becoming less common but degenerative valve disorders, heart failure and atrial fibrillation (AF) increasing.ObjectiveWe sought to determine the prevalence of structural cardiac abnormalities in the apparently symptom-free adult population within our prospective echocardiography (echo) registry.MethodsOur echo registry comprised echo studies and associated demographic and clinical data obtained prospectively from 362 consecutive asymptomatic subjects aged 50–74 years and without known heart disease referred between 2011 and 2012 from general practices in the South East of England.Results221 echo abnormalities were detected in 178 (49%) subjects (46% men; mean (±SD) age 63.9±9.2 years; 98% Caucasian). A major abnormality was detected in seven subjects: four had a large secundum atrial septal defect, one had critical aortic stenosis, one severe mitral regurgitation and one features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Twelve subjects had left ventricular systolic dysfunction with an ejection fraction (EF) &lt;50% (of whom 10 had EF &lt;40%). Four subjects had AF. Minor echo abnormalities were evident in the remaining 171 (47%) subjects. Abnormalities were commoner in patients with cardiovascular risk factors or a history of cardiac disease than in those without (53% vs 38%). In multivariate analyses stratified by gender, for women, increased age (F=33.3, p&lt;0.001) and systolic blood pressure (F=9.2, p=0.003) were associated with abnormal echo findings; for men, increased age (F=12.0, p&lt;0.001) and lower cholesterol (F=4.2, p=0.042) predicted an increase in abnormal findings on echo.ConclusionsUnrecognised cardiac abnormalities are very common in middle-aged men and women with no overt symptoms. Echo offers the potential to identify the need for early intervention and treatment to improve cardiovascular outcomes.
Fault linkage across weak layers during extension: an experimental approach with reference to the Hoop Fault Complex of the SW Barents Sea
Authors: Gabrielsen Roy H. , Sokoutis Dimitrios , Willingshofer Ernst , Faleide Jan Inge 
Published: February 2016

A series of analogue experiments utilizing sequences of sand with interlayered silicone polymer have been performed to investigate the effects of multistage extension on rock sequences of different strength, with particular reference to the Hoop Fault Complex of the Barents Sea.
It was found that the width and style of the graben systems as seen in map view depend strongly on the extension velocity. Wide areas of graben formation are promoted by fast extension, whereas narrowly constrained deep-graben structures are typical of slow extension rates. Furthermore, the decoupling strata are likely to be characterized by flow rather than by distinct detachment faults.
The scaled experiments produced units of contrasting fault frequencies and styles in individual sand layers positioned between layers of silicone polymer. It was also found that the fault segments developed from different levels were related to varying extents (hard-linked, soft-linked, firm-linked, unlinked).
The fault configurations and the general fault pattern obtained in the experiments is similar to that observed in natural faults where salt or unconsolidated mudstone separate sequences of sand.
FGFR1 Induces Glioblastoma Radioresistance through the PLCγ/Hif1α Pathway
Authors: Gouazé-Andersson Valérie , Delmas Caroline , Taurand Marion , Martinez-Gala Judith , Evrard Solène , Mazoyer Sandrine , Toulas Christine , Cohen-Jonathan-Moyal Elizabeth 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
FGF2 signaling in glioblastoma induces resistance to radiotherapy, so targeting FGF2/FGFR pathways might offer a rational strategy for tumor radiosensitization. To investigate this possibility, we evaluated a specific role for FGFR1 in glioblastoma radioresistance as modeled by U87 and LN18 glioblastomas in mouse xenograft models. Silencing FGFR1 decreased radioresistance in a manner associated with radiation-induced centrosome overduplication and mitotic cell death. Inhibiting PLCγ (PLCG1), a downstream effector signaling molecule for FGFR1, was sufficient to produce similar effects, arguing that PLCγ is an essential mediator of FGFR1-induced radioresistance. FGFR1 silencing also reduced expression of HIF1α, which in addition to its roles in hypoxic responses exerts an independent effect on radioresistance. Finally, FGFR1 silencing delayed the growth of irradiated tumor xenografts, in a manner that was associated with reduced HIF1α levels but not blood vessel alterations. Taken together, our results offer a preclinical proof of concept that FGFR1 targeting can degrade radioresistance in glioblastoma, a widespread problem in this tumor, prompting clinical investigations of the use of FGFR1 inhibitors for radiosensitization. Cancer Res; 76(10); 3036–44. ©2016 AACR.
Bap1 Is a Bona Fide Tumor Suppressor: Genetic Evidence from Mouse Models Carrying Heterozygous Germline Bap1 Mutations
Authors: Kadariya Yuwaraj , Cheung Mitchell , Xu Jinfei , Pei Jianming , Sementino Eleonora , Menges Craig W. , Cai Kathy Q. , Rauscher Frank J. , Klein-Szanto Andres J. , Testa Joseph R. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Individuals harboring inherited heterozygous germline mutations in BAP1 are predisposed to a range of benign and malignant tumor types, including malignant mesothelioma, melanoma, and kidney carcinoma. However, evidence to support a tumor-suppressive role for BAP1 in cancer remains contradictory. To test experimentally whether BAP1 behaves as a tumor suppressor, we monitored spontaneous tumor development in three different mouse models with germline heterozygous mutations in Bap1, including two models in which the knock-in mutations are identical to those reported in human BAP1 cancer syndrome families. We observed spontaneous malignant tumors in 54 of 93 Bap1-mutant mice (58%) versus 4 of 43 (9%) wild-type littermates. All three Bap1-mutant models exhibited a high incidence and similar spectrum of neoplasms, including ovarian sex cord stromal tumors, lung and mammary carcinomas, and spindle cell tumors. Notably, we also observed malignant mesotheliomas in two Bap1-mutant mice, but not in any wild-type animals. We further confirmed that the remaining wild-type Bap1 allele was lost in both spontaneous ovarian tumors and mesotheliomas, resulting in the loss of Bap1 expression. Additional studies revealed that asbestos exposure induced a highly significant increase in the incidence of aggressive mesotheliomas in the two mouse models carrying clinically relevant Bap1 mutations compared with asbestos-exposed wild-type littermates. Collectively, these findings provide genetic evidence that Bap1 is a bona fide tumor suppressor gene and offer key insights into the contribution of carcinogen exposure to enhanced cancer susceptibility. Cancer Res; 76(9); 2836–44. ©2016 AACR.
Reduction in Kv Current Enhances the Temporal Dispersion of the Action Potential in Diabetic Myocytes: Insights From a Novel Repolarization Algorithm
Authors: Meo Marianna , Meste Olivier , Signore Sergio , Sorrentino Andrea , Cannata Antonio , Zhou Yu , Matsuda Alex , Luciani Marco , Kannappan Ramaswamy , Goichberg Polina , Leri Annarosa , Anversa Piero , Rota Marcello 
Published: February 2016

Background

Diabetes is associated with prolongation of the
QT
interval of the electrocardiogram and enhanced dispersion of ventricular repolarization, factors that, together with atherosclerosis and myocardial ischemia, may promote the occurrence of electrical disorders. Thus, we tested the possibility that alterations in transmembrane ionic currents reduce the repolarization reserve of myocytes, leading to action potential (
AP
) prolongation and enhanced beat‐to‐beat variability of repolarization.

Methods and Results

Diabetes was induced in mice with streptozotocin (
STZ
), and effects of hyperglycemia on electrical properties of whole heart and myocytes were studied with respect to an untreated control group (Ctrl) using electrocardiographic recordings in vivo, ex vivo perfused hearts, and single‐cell patch‐clamp analysis. Additionally, a newly developed algorithm was introduced to obtain detailed information of the impact of high glucose on
AP
profile. Compared to Ctrl, hyperglycemia in
STZ
‐treated animals was coupled with prolongation of the
QT
interval, enhanced temporal dispersion of electrical recovery, and susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias, defects observed, in part, in the Akita mutant mouse model of type I diabetes.
AP
was prolonged and beat‐to‐beat variability of repolarization was enhanced in diabetic myocytes, with respect to Ctrl cells. Density of Kv K
+
and L‐type Ca
2+
currents were decreased in
STZ
myocytes, in comparison to cells from normoglycemic mice. Pharmacological reduction of Kv currents in Ctrl cells lengthened
AP
duration and increased temporal dispersion of repolarization, reiterating features identified in diabetic myocytes.

Conclusions

Reductions in the repolarizing K
+
currents may contribute to electrical disturbances of the diabetic heart.
Characteristics of suicidal outpatients with mood, anxiety and somatoform disorders: The role of childhood abuse and neglect
Authors: Carlier Ingrid VE , Hovens Jacqueline GFM , Streevelaar Marion F , van Rood Yanda R , van Veen Tineke 
Published: February 2016

Background: The most prevalent psychiatric disorders are mood, anxiety and somatoform (MAS) disorders which show high mutual comorbidity, childhood trauma and elevated risk of suicidality. So far, no studies have compared suicide risk in a secondary care population with comorbid MAS disorders. This gap was taken as starting point for the study. Aims: In comparing suicidal and non-suicidal MAS patients, the following was examined: suicide risk in the three disorder groups, socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, occurrence of childhood trauma types and contribution of childhood trauma to suicidality. Methods: This cross-sectional study compared suicidal ( n = 316) versus non-suicidal comorbid MAS outpatients ( n = 929) by means of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus (MINI-Plus), Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36), Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology–Short Form (DAPP-SF) and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Results: Compared to non-suicidal MAS patients, suicidal MAS patients mostly had mood disorders (single/comorbid), multiple diagnoses, worse functioning, more personality pathology (self-harm) and more childhood neglect and abuse. Conclusion: Especially (comorbid) depressed patients are at risk for suicide, and routine screening and monitoring of childhood trauma and suicidality in them are recommended, along with the timely deployment of appropriate trauma-focused psychotherapy.