bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women Mental Health and Trafficking
Authors: Schouler-Ocak M. 
Published: June 2017

“Trafficking in persons,” “human trafficking,” and “modern slavery” have been used as umbrella terms for the act of recruiting, harboring, transporting, providing, or obtaining a person for compelled labor or commercial sex acts through the use of force, fraud, or coercion. Trafficking in persons is an insult to human dignity and an assault on freedom, and robbing basic human rights (US Report, 2015). Reliable data on trafficking are difficult to obtain owing to its illegal nature; the range and severity of trafficking activities; and variations in how trafficking is defined. It is supposed that 49 per cent of the victims are women, 21 per cent girls, 18 per cent men and 12 per cent boys. 53 per cent were involved in sexual exploitation and 40 per cent in forced labor (UN, 2014).Research findings show that the limitations of current methodologies affect what is known about human trafficking and health. Moreover, findings demonstrate an urgent need for representative and non–purposive recruitment strategies in future investigations of trafficking and health as well as research on risk and protective factors related to human trafficking and health, intervention effectiveness, long-term health outcomes. The psychological impact of victimization may be more severe than the physical violence. Victims who have been rescued from sexual slavery, typically present with various psychological symptoms and mental illnesses, including the following: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, panic disorder, suicidal ideation, Stockholm syndrome, and substance abuse. In this talk current findings will be presented and discussed.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Setting the Scene: The Evidence for Pre-clinical Change, Projections of the Impact of Intervention, and Implications for Public Health
Authors: Russ T.C. , Ritchie K. , Terrera G.M. , Ritchie C.W. 
Published: June 2017

Alzheimer's disease has long been considered a neurodegenerative disorder of late life for which there is currently no disease-modifying treatment. This view is now being revised as increasing evidence suggests a long pre-clinical phase extending back into mid-life during which there is exposure to multiple potentially reversible risk factors. Further thought is now being given to the possibility of both early life intervention programs and development of new drug treatments focusing on the pre-dementia period. But how can the impact of such treatments be measured at this early stage since overt dementia may not be diagnosed for decades? In the four talks in this symposium, we will discuss evidence for pre-clinical change, theoretical models which have been used to project the possible impact of risk factor modification in mid-life and their integration into a future public health strategies. The development of new statistical risk models to determine the impact of such prevention measures will be outlined. We will consider the possibilities for drug development targeting the pre-clinical period before presenting the PREVENT Project and EPAD (http://ep-ad.org/), a multi-million euro IMI-Horizon 2020 funded project for the development of pre-clinical proof of concept trials. Titles of the four presentations: 1. Setting the scene: the evidence for pre-clinical change, projections of the impact of intervention, and implications for public health (TCR) 2. New statistical risk models for determining the impact of prevention measures in the pre-dementia period (GMT) 3. The PREVENT Study: a prospective cohort study to identify mid-life biomarkers of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (KR) 4. The European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia (EPAD) Project: developing interventions for the secondary prevention of Alzheimer's dementia (CWR)Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
How Can Guidance Recommendations Contribute to Better Mental Health?
Authors: Gaebel W. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIn European countries, the quality of mental healthcare services is often limited due to scarce and inequitable distributed resources, and inefficient use of existing resources. Against this background, the EPA Guidance provides recommendations on how to optimize quality of mental healthcare for all European countries.ObjectivesProvision of guidance recommendations in order to support optimization and harmonization of mental healthcare services in European countries.MethodsBy means of evidence and consensus-based methods EPA guidance papers are developed by experts in psychiatry and related fields [1].ResultsAs of 2012, five EPA guidance series have been developed and published [2]. They focus on various aspects of mental healthcare and clinical situations that have not been covered by medical guidelines yet but are considered important to deliver high quality mental healthcare. Papers deal amongst others with topics relating to quality assurance of mental health services, as quality of mental health service structures and processes, and building trust in mental health services.ConclusionsEPA guidance recommendations can improve mental healthcare provision and thereby contribute to better mental health of persons receiving mental healthcare. For this purpose, recommendations need to be widely disseminated and implemented in European countries.Disclosure of interestUnterstützung bei Symposien/Symposia Support− Janssen-Cilag GmbH, Neuss− Aristo Pharma GmbH, Berlin− Lilly Deutschland GmbH, Bad Homburg− Servier Deutschland GmbH, München− Fakultätsmitglied/Faculty Member− Lundbeck International Neuroscience Foundation (LINF), Dänemark
Relationship and Family Therapy for Newly-resettled Refugees: A Qualitative Inquiry of an Innovative, Needs-adapted Approach in Sydney, Australia
Authors: Karageorge A. , Rhodes P. , Gray R. , Papadopoulos R. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe needs of refugees are of pivotal concern internationally. Relational trauma, in particular, is an area that is under-emphasised and under-researched. The strength to strength program (STS) was a rare, innovative relationship and family counselling service for recently-arrived refugees in Sydney, Australia during 2006–2014. The service model built on post-Milan systemic family therapy principles to include innovative cultural and trauma-informed aspects of care.ObjectivesWe were interested in the experiences of staff who delivered the program, and the ways in which more traditional, Western-informed modes of family therapy were transformed by the needs of refugee clients.AimsTo identify and describe transformations to the delivery of relationship and family counselling with refugees that enabled care, from the perspective of staff.MethodsA thematic analysis, guided by interpretive description, of individual interviews and focus groups with STS service staff (n = 20), including family therapists, bicultural workers and managers.ResultsKey themes pertaining to innovative aspects of the relationship and family counselling service provided by STS staff will be outlined and lessons for future service provision in this space considered.ConclusionsSTS is an example of staff-driven innovation to the therapeutic care of refugee families resettling in Western countries, taking into account the unique and complex set of cultural, practical and psychological needs. Important and timely lessons for future service delivery can be drawn from qualitative inquiry into the experiences of staff who deliver such programs, with refugee numbers continuing to increase internationally.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Suicide Risk Among Immigrants and Ethnic Minorities
Authors: Pompili M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionRecent historical perspective suggests that suicide is a neglected issue among immigrants and ethnic minorities.ObjectiveGiven the need to delivering proper care to such populations, government is now requested to address suicide risk and involve proper interventions.AimsTo provide comprehensive overview of suicide risk among immigrants and ethnic minorities and possible targeted preventive measures.MethodsGiven the relatively early and underdeveloped state of this area of inquiry, the author viewed his task as gathering and critically appraising the available research relevant to the topic, with the aim of formulating a hypothesis to be tested with further research.ResultsEvidence support the notion that certain communalities across ethnic groups are influenced in a considerable way by the suicide risk in the country of origin. Furthermore, some well-known risk factors for suicide may not play a central role in the case immigrants and ethnic minorities; on the contrary, adjustment problems point to the explanation that emotional distress may be caused by social problems, racism and discrimination. Suicide risk among these individuals may also be referred to the risk in the country of origin pointing to grater complexity when individuals immigrate into a country with different suicide rates as well as different contributing factors. Help-seeking barriers are still a major obstacle for delivering proper preventive intervention. The author aims at providing a comprehensive picture of suicide risk among this population and highlight possible preventive strategies.ConclusionsSocial interventions, culture-sensitive community projects or interventions targeting specific subgroups might be possible solutions.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Cannabis and Confabulation: An Intrusive Relationship
Authors: Barcelos A. , Lopes A. , Bernardo M. , Adriana C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe association between the neurocognitive impact of cannabis use and deficits in working and declarative memory is well documented. Studies with cannabis users suggest that recognition memory is particularly susceptible to cannabinoid acute intoxication. Studies carried out in the 1970s using free memory tests, showed that cannabis users not only named fewer words having also a tendency to evoke intrusive memories. Interestingly, a recent study has exposed an association between cannabis consumption and increased likelihood of creating fake memories.ObjectivesThe main objective of this work is to do literature revision, framing old data with recent works, exposing the relationship between cannabis consumption and memory confabulation/intrusion.MethodologyLiterature review, comparison and description of empirical data [1].ResultsRecent studies show that both cannabis users and abstinents are more susceptible to create false memories, not being able to identify trap stimuli as events that never occurred.Discussion/conclusionsChanges in perception and memory deficits are two common consequences of acute marijuana intoxication. The fact that these deficits remain during drug abstinence demonstrates the relevance of better understanding the mechanisms by which cannabinoids alter such cognitive functions. Reductions in the activation of brain areas comprised in the lateral and temporal lobe and in frontal cortex zones involved in the processes of attention and performance monitoring may be a possible explanation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Inter-analyzer Interaction (IAI) at Clinical Psychology: Possibilities and Challenges
Authors: Kovyazina M. , Fomina K. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionWhite matter is an anatomical bases of brain integration realization, it provides the connection between different cortex zones inside one hemisphere as well as other hemisphere. Hemispheric interaction research is basic aspect of brain integration activity problem. Not less important is the aspect related with the processes of IAI.AimsEvaluation of method by fixed set potential for neuropsychological research of inter-analyzer interaction.MethodsRussian neurophysiologists confirmed the presents of nervous processes irradiation and considered it as fundamental mechanisms of the higher functions realization. IAI is a particular case of the irradiation.Uznadze's fixed set method allows one to model “section of behavior”, which includes all general behavior mechanisms and provides a way to analyze complicated forms of activity. The central components of the set are related to different brain systems and analyzer's interactions. This is confirmed by the set irradiation experiments, performed by Uznadze's school and showed that the set forms in one sensory modality manifests in different.ResultsSetting experiments by formation of fixed set are done at haptic sphere: two different in volume spheres are given into both respondents’ palms. Critical experiments are done at visual sphere: two equal in diameters circles are exhibited to respondent for comparison. The amount of illusion in visual modality is an index of IAI features.ConclusionsThe fixed set method acquires a special relevant at the modern stage of clinical psychology development, since the IAI research seems to be important in psychiatric and neurological diseases, related with brain integration disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Current Hot Topics in Working with Service Users and Family Carers Towards a Human Based Psychiatry
Authors: Amering M. 
Published: June 2017

ContextThe significant role of family as a resource for mental health, psychiatric care and recovery and rehabilitation is well documented. However, despite ongoing family advocacy the situation in most settings is still characterized by significant unmet needs and lack of resources and expertise in working with families.Key messagesThis presentation will highlight pertinent issues and present data, concepts and experiences towards an improvement of partnership work with users of services and their families in a human based context.Topics will include the needs of specific types of relatives, such as siblings, children, partners, grandparents, members of the peer group of friends as well as the need for support for families without patient consent. Recent developments with regard to individual and group therapy as well as multilevel interventions to further family advocacy and the fight against stigma and discrimination will be presented and discussed.Special attention will be given to new roles and responsibilities arising from the historical challenge of the UN-Convention on the Rights of persons with disabilities for mental health professionals, users of services as well as relatives and friends including changes in national guardianship laws, new rights to patient autonomy as well as new entitlements for support for living in the community including the right to family life, reasonable accommodation and supported decision-making.ConclusionCurrent developments with regard to needs and rights of users of services and their families and friends urgently warrant attention and common efforts in Trialogue and other participatory approaches.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Interrelationships between cortisol, cognition and dementia: A review of the literature and new own findings
Authors: Ouanes S. , Julius P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionCortisol exerts effects on the brain via two different receptors, producing complex and sometimes opposite effects on the brain structures involved with the different cognitive functions.ObjectiveTo scrutinize the interrelationships between cortisol, cognition and dementia.MethodsReview of the literature and new own findings.ResultsAnimal and clinical studies showed an association between increased cortisol and poorer overall cognitive performance, declarative memory, language, processing speed, executive functioning, spatial memory, as well as social memory. High cortisol may exhibit neurotoxic effects on the hippocampus, and exacerbate oxidative injury and amyloid β peptide toxicity. Increased CSF cortisol levels have been found in subjects with dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to control subjects with normal cognition. In MCI due to AD, high CSF cortisol may also predict a more rapid cognitive decline. Higher cortisol levels have been also observed in delirium. Increased cortisol levels interact with inflammatory mediators, neurotransmitters, and growth factors, and may mediate the effects of depression, stressful life events, and personality traits, sleep disturbances, and cardiovascular risk factor on cognitive performance and cognitive decline.ConclusionsHigh cortisol levels may exert deleterious effects on cognition and exacerbate AD pathology. Further studies are needed to explore glucocorticoid-based interventions in the management of cognitive disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Residential Unit for the Elderly: Cases Study and Reflections on the First 18 Months of Functioning
Authors: Amaral A. , Machado A.S. , Costa I. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe Residential Unit for the Elderly (RUE) was established in August 2015 and has capacity for 8 inpatients. It is intended to behavioral reorganization and caregiver rest of elderly patients with behavioral changes, particularly in cases of cognitive impairment.AimWe intend to describe the hospitalized population in the first 18 months and discuss the unit functioning and its impact on clinical stability of patients.MethodsSocio-demographic and clinical data were analyzed using the STATA v13.1 software, using multivariate regression model with a 0.05 significance level.ResultsWe present preliminary results from the first twelve months. Twenty-six patients admitted, 18 (69.2%) were female, with an average age of 76.7 years-old (IQR 71–86-years-old). The main reasons for referral were: caregiver rest (38.4%), psychopathological stabilization (30.7%) and autonomy training/cognitive stimulation (15.4%). Most patients had dementia (65.4%). Patients were hospitalized on average 78 days (IQR 30–98 days). Complications occurred in 18 patients (69.2%). There was an 85.7% reduction in the number of hospitalizations for any cause within 6 months after hospitalization in the RUE (P < 0.001) and a 75% reduction in hospitalizations from psychiatric cause (P = 0.001). Regarding visits to the emergency room (ER), we found a decrease of 87.1% in visits for psychiatric motive (P < 0.001) and 85.4% in visits for any cause (P < 0.001).ConclusionInpatient care in RUE has contributed to the clinical stability of patients with consequent reduced use of health services. Although the results still concern a short operating period, they appear to be promising.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Role of Telomeres and Telomerase in the Clinical Effect and Mechanism of Action of Psychopharmacological Interventions
Authors: Bersani F.S. 
Published: June 2017

Originally studied in relation to aging and cancer research, telomeres and telomerase are now also investigated in relation to psychiatric disorders and treatments. Based on findings emerging from clinical and preclinical data, we hypothesize that the telomere–telomerase system represents a novel element mediating the mechanism of action of certain psychopharmacological interventions.In this symposium I’ll present the preliminary evidence on the complex translational relationships between specific psychiatric medications (i.e. antidepressants, lithium and antipsychotics), the telomere–telomerase system and clinical outcomes. The modulation of intracellular Wnt/b-catenin or PI3 K/Akt signaling pathways, the interaction with BDNF and 5-HT, and the antioxidant properties could represent possible mechanisms by which the different types of psychiatric medications could modulate telomere length and telomerase activity. The potential of the telomere–telomerase system in promoting cellular survival and/or function in the brain and in the periphery could, in turn, represent a neurobiological substrate through which these molecules can mediate the therapeutic effect of such interventions.Further, in the present symposium I’ll show data from our research team on telomere length and telomerase activity in leukocytes predicting clinical response to serotonin–specific reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in subjects with major depressive disorder.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Quality of Life and Depression in Caregivers of Patients with Cancer
Authors: Feki I. , Hentati S. , Sallemi R. , Moala M. , Masmoudi J. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundMost elderly patients, with cancer are cared for, by a family member who may be affected by various stressors that can influence their health and quality of life (QOL).ObjectivesTo explore depression, quality of life and its related factors among caregivers of elderly patients with cancer.MethodologyThis is a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study including 40 primary caregivers of old patients aged 65 or older, with cancer in oncologic radiotherapy service in university hospital Habib Bourguibain Sfax, Tunisia. The short form health survey (SF-36) and Beck inventory (13 items) were used to assess respectively QOL and depression.ResultsThe average age of caregivers was 44.62 years. The sex ratio (M/F) was 0.9. Most of caregivers (75%) had impaired QOL (score ˂ 66.7). The two main components of SF-36 were altered with a standard score of 45 for the physical component and 41.1 for mental component. According to Beck inventory, Depression was present in 67.6% of cases. Impaired QOL of life was significantly correlated with somatic illnesses in the caregiver (P = 0.016), advanced stage of cancer (P = 0.01), financial difficulties (P = 0.04), the non-cohabitation with the patient before the disease (P = 0.031) and depression (P = 0.00).ConclusionAccording to our study, caregiving can have a negative effect on the caregiver's mental and physical health. Assistance and information from healthcare professionals are the key to improving the ability of caregivers to cope with caring for older patients with cancer.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.