bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La lecture des films en cours de français : un enjeu de formation pour les enseignants et les élèves
Authors: Massart-Laluc Vincent , Perret Cécile 
Published: January 2018

L’article rend compte d’un travail de recherche-action à L’ÉSPÉ de Lyon. Les récits contemporains partagés sont véhiculés par l’industrie cinématographique ; qu’ils prennent la forme de séries ( Game of thrones ) ou de blockbusters ( Avatar , Hunger games ), de film ou de dessins animés. Dans quelle mesure ces récits peuvent-ils être intégrés au corpus de la littérature étudiée au lycée professionnel ? Le projet de former des sujets-lecteurs de ces supports narratifs contemporains est d’autant plus pertinent que les élèves apparaissent assez dépourvus de stratégies interprétatives face à ces récits qu’ils regardent sans les lire. Si tous ces récits constituent un « laboratoire des cas de conscience » dans lequel s’élaborent les modalités d’agir des lecteurs-trices, alors il est urgent de permettre aux élèves de lycée professionnel d’identifier les discours à l’œuvre dans ces récits et de construire à leur propos la possibilité d’en devenir lecteur-interprétant, afin de devenir des citoyens agissant.
Enseigner le français en lycée professionnel : exemples de pratiques
Authors: Baron Alexandre , Chudy Aline , Férir Gaëtan 
Published: January 2018

Les spécificités de l’enseignement du français en lycée professionnel reposent sur des facteurs historiques, institutionnels, sociologiques, didactiques et pédagogiques. La discipline est traversée de multiples tensions structurantes qui expliquent les pratiques de classe, comme dans les exemples fournis par trois enseignant.e.s reconnu.e.s à divers degrés par l’institution : i) Alexandre Baron définit quatre formes dominantes de rapport aux savoirs et présente des activités mises en œuvre en baccalauréat professionnel pour des élèves qui entretiennent un rapport difficile avec le français ; ii) Aline Chudy propose une séquence en certificat d’aptitude professionnelle (CAP) afin de motiver les élèves grâce à la bivalence et susciter intérêt et investissement ; iii) Gaëtan Férir choisit de privilégier l’approche culturelle comme moyen de stimuler des jeunes qui sont en état de tension ou de crispation avec le système scolaire. Trois expériences qui se rejoignent sur les publics et leur rapport aux savoirs, et qui mettent en œuvre des enseignements originaux et créatifs dans le cadre d’un enseignement bivalent.
Le procès de la Zone franc. Arguments, contre-arguments et voies d’évolution
Authors: Jacquemot Pierre 
Published: January 2018

Le franc CFA est de nouveau mis en question. Le système monétaire de la Zone franc qui régit 15 pays d’Afrique date de la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Il a survécu aux Indépendances. Le procès qui lui est fait est en partie justifié : le franc CFA profite d’abord aux élites rentières. La réforme est à l’ordre du jour. Elle doit toucher aux symboles qui cristallisent les critiques, mais surtout aux mécanismes qui doivent permettre de mieux financer les économies et contribuer à réduire les facteurs d’inégalités et de pauvreté.
Échanges industriels entre l’Algérie et l’Union européenne et démantèlement tarifaire des produits industriels
Authors: Belkacem Kasmi Djamila , Herizi Ratiba 
Published: January 2018

Cet article traite d’abord de la mise en œuvre du démantèlement tarifaire des produits industriels depuis 2005, date d’entrée en vigueur de l’Accord d’association entre l’Algérie et l’Union européenne. Nous analyserons ensuite l’évolution des échanges de ces biens avant et après l’année 2005. Enfin, parmi ces derniers et, selon l’analyse précédente, nous identifierons un noyau de commerce intra-branche qui favoriserait une nouvelle intégration régionale profitable aux deux partenaires.
A Study of Fixed-Drug Reactions at a Rural-Based Tertiary Care Center, Gujarat
Authors: Vora Rita V , Singhal Rochit R , Kota Rahulkrishna S , Gajjar Bharat M 
Published: January 2018

Context:
Adverse cutaneous drug reactions (ACDRs) are very common due to a wide variety of drugs available in markets. Fixed-drug reaction (FDR) is a type of ACDR that dermatologists are facing frequently nowadays. There is a need to identify various drugs responsible for FDR and to ensure the safety of the patients with proper counseling.

Aim and Objective:
The aim and objective was to study the demographic details, clinical patterns, and the offending drugs causing FDR.

Setting and Design:
This was a cross-sectional, observational study.

Materials and Methods:
The study was carried out from April 2010 to March 2015 in the Department of Dermatology at a rural-based tertiary care center of Gujarat, India, after taking approval from the hospital's research ethical committee. A detailed history taking and thorough clinical examination were done for all the patients having FDR and were recorded in a predesigned pro forma. Analysis was done using frequencies, proportions, and Chi-square test. All the patients were educated regarding ACDRs and given a list of drugs causing FDR to avoid recurrence.

Results:
A total of 59 patients were studied for FDR among which 32 (54.23%) were males and 27 (45.76%) were females. Fever (20.34%) was the most common illness for which patients had taken the culprit drug. Antimicrobials (26 [44.07%]) were the most common group of drugs causing FDR followed by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (21 [35.59%]). As a single molecule, diclofenac was the most common drug causing FDR followed by metronidazole 5 (8.47%) and cotrimoxazole, fluconazole, and ciprofloxacin 4 (6.78%) each. The most common complaint following intake of the culprit drug was pigmented patch (31 [52.54%]) followed by blisters (13 [22.03%]).

Conclusion:
FDR is one of the important ACDRs seen in patients. Antimicrobials are the most common group while diclofenac is the most common drug causing FDR.
Color and Character
Authors: Grundy Pamela 
Published: January 2018

At a time when race and inequality dominate national debates, the story of West Charlotte High School illuminates the possibilities and challenges of using racial and economic desegregation to foster educational equality. West Charlotte opened in 1938 as a segregated school that embodied the aspirations of the growing African American population of Charlotte, North Carolina. In the 1970s, when Charlotte began court-ordered busing, black and white families made West Charlotte the celebrated flagship of the most integrated major school system in the nation. But as the twentieth century neared its close and a new court order eliminated race-based busing, Charlotte schools resegregated along lines of class as well as race. West Charlotte became the city’s poorest, lowest-performing high school—a striking reminder of the people and places that Charlotte’s rapid growth had left behind. While dedicated teachers continue to educate children, the school’s challenges underscore the painful consequences of resegregation.Drawing on nearly two decades of interviews with students, educators, and alumni, the author uses the history of a community’s beloved school to tell a broader American story of education, community, democracy, and race—all while raising questions about present-day strategies for school reform.
Race and the Making of the Mormon People
Authors: Mueller Max Perry 
Published: January 2018

The nineteenth-century history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, this book argues, illuminates the role that religion played in forming the notion of three “original” American races—red, black, and white—for Mormons and others in the early American Republic. Recovering the voices of a handful of black and Native American Mormons who resolutely wrote themselves into the Mormon archive, this book threads together historical experience and Mormon scriptural interpretations. The Book of Mormon is key to understanding how early followers reflected but also departed from antebellum conceptions of race as biblically and biologically predetermined. Mormon theology and policy both challenged and reaffirmed the essentialist nature of the racialized American experience. The Book of Mormon presented its believers with a radical worldview, proclaiming that all schisms within the human family were anathematic to God’s design. That said, church founders were not racial egalitarians. They promoted whiteness as an aspirational racial identity that nonwhites could achieve through conversion to Mormonism. This book also shows how, on a broader level, scripture and history may become mutually constituted. For the Mormons, that process shaped a religious movement in perpetual tension between its racialist and universalist impulses during an era before the concept of race was secularized.
Invited review: Reproductive and genomic technologies to optimize breeding strategies for genetic progress in dairy cattle
Authors: Fleming Allison , Abdalla Emhimad A. , Maltecca Christian , Baes Christine F. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Dairy cattle breeders have exploited technological advances that have emerged in the past in regards to reproduction and genomics. The implementation of such technologies in routine breeding programs has permitted genetic gains in traditional milk production traits as well as, more recently, in low-heritability traits like health and fertility. As demand for dairy products increases, it is important for dairy breeders to optimize the use of available technologies and to consider the many emerging technologies that are currently being investigated in various fields. Here we review a number of technologies that have helped shape dairy breeding programs in the past and present, along with those potentially forthcoming. These tools have materialized in the areas of reproduction, genotyping and sequencing, genetic modification, and epigenetics. Although many of these technologies bring encouraging opportunities for genetic improvement of dairy cattle populations, their applications and benefits need to be weighed with their impacts on economics, genetic diversity, and society.
Silk‐Based Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting
Authors: Chawla Shikha , Midha Swati , Sharma Aarushi , Ghosh Sourabh 
Published: January 2018

Abstract3D bioprinting field is making remarkable progress; however, the development of critical sized engineered tissue construct is still a farfetched goal. Silk fibroin offers a promising choice for bioink material. Nature has imparted several unique structural features in silk protein to ensure spinnability by silkworms or spider. Researchers have modified the structure–property relationship by reverse engineering to further improve shear thinning behavior, high printability, cytocompatible gelation, and high structural fidelity. In this review, it is attempted to summarize the recent advancements made in the field of 3D bioprinting in context of two major sources of silk fibroin: silkworm silk and spider silk (native and recombinant). The challenges faced by current approaches in processing silk bioinks, cellular signaling pathways modulated by silk chemistry and secondary conformations, gaps in knowledge, and future directions acquired for pushing the field further toward clinic are further elaborated.
Architected Lattices with High Stiffness and Toughness via Multicore–Shell 3D Printing
Authors: Mueller Jochen , Raney Jordan R. , Shea Kristina , Lewis Jennifer A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe ability to create architected materials that possess both high stiffness and toughness remains an elusive goal, since these properties are often mutually exclusive. Natural materials, such as bone, overcome such limitations by combining different toughening mechanisms across multiple length scales. Here, a new method for creating architected lattices composed of core–shell struts that are both stiff and tough is reported. Specifically, these lattices contain orthotropic struts with flexible epoxy core–brittle epoxy shell motifs in the absence and presence of an elastomeric silicone interfacial layer, which are fabricated by a multicore–shell, 3D printing technique. It is found that architected lattices produced with a flexible core‐elastomeric interface‐brittle shell motif exhibit both high stiffness and toughness.
Functional Materials and Systems for Rewritable Paper
Authors: Khazi Mohammed Iqbal , Jeong Woomin , Kim Jong‐Man 
Published: January 2018

Abstract“Paper” has greatly contributed to the development and spread of civilization. Even in today's “digitalized” world, paper continues to play a key role in socioeconomic growth, as is evidenced by the growth in global paper consumption. Unfortunately, the use of paper has its cost in terms of the exhaustion of world's natural resources. Consequently, new, cost‐effective technologies that preserve natural resources are required for this purpose. Functional materials have revolutionized the way people think about developing new technologies. Especially important in this regard are “smart reactive materials,” which are capable of actively responding to external stimuli such as heat, light, mechanical stress, and specific molecular orientations. Moreover, functionalized chromogenic materials, which undergo reversible color switching upon external stimulation, have attracted great attention in the context of developing rewritable paper. Here, investigations of various materials and systems that are devised for use as rewritable paper are reviewed with the hope that the coverage will stimulate and guide future studies in this area.
Biofunctionalized “Kiwifruit‐Assembly” of Oxidoreductases in Mesoporous ZnO/Carbon Nanoparticles for Efficient Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Zhang Rongzhen , Jiang Jiawei , Zhou Junping , Xu Yan , Xiao Rong , Xia Xinhui , Rao Zhiming 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA mesoporous ZnO/carbon composite is designed for coimmobilization of two oxidoreductases involving a novel “kiwifruit‐assembly” pattern. The coimmobilization of (S)‐carbonyl reductase II‐glucose dehydrogenase on nanoparticles (SCRII–GDHnano) exhibits 40–50% higher specific activity than the free enzyme and significantly improves stabilities of enzymes to heat, pH and solvents. It performs asymmetric catalysis of 75 × 10−3m substrate with a perfect yield of 100% and an excellent enantioselectivity of 99.9% within 1 h. SCRII–GDHnano gives an over 72% yield and 99.9% enantioselectivity after it is reused for ten times. Even with a highly concentrated (400 × 10−3m) substrate, it shows about 60% yield and 99.9% enantioselectivity within 4 h. SCRII–GDHnano presents 4.5–8.0‐fold higher productivity in 2.0–8.0‐fold shorter reaction time than the free enzyme. This work provides a general, facile, and unique approach for the immobilization of two oxidoreductases and gives high catalytic efficiency, long‐term and good recycling stabilities by triggering radical proton‐coupled electron transfer.
Catalytic Formation of Nitric Oxide Mediated by Ti–Cu Coatings Provides Multifunctional Interfaces for Cardiovascular Applications
Authors: Wang Qing , Akhavan Behnam , Jing Fengjuan , Cheng Dan , Sun Hong , Xie Dong , Leng Yongxiang , Bilek Marcela M. , Huang Nan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAn ideal surface of a cardiovascular device, such as a stent, must be multifunctional: promoting endothelialization to regenerate the vessel's natural endothelial cell (EC) lining; inhibiting the proliferation of smooth muscle cells that occlude vessels; and simultaneously mitigating thrombosis that leads to the spontaneous formation of blood clots. Here it is reported on Ti–Cu interfaces that demonstrate this required multifunctionality through the controlled release of copper ions that induce the catalytic formation of nitric oxide (NO). Ti–Cu coatings, deposited on stainless steel substrates via direct current magnetron sputtering, demonstrate a significantly higher NO‐release catalytic activity compared to Ti coatings due to release of copper ions. Ti–Cu surfaces that stimulate optimum catalytic formation of NO significantly decrease smooth muscle cell proliferation, inhibit platelet adhesion, and improve endothelial cell EC compatibility. The development of such catalytic surfaces through a simple sputtering method holds great promise for the fabrication of advanced multifunctional cardiovascular devices such as stents and coronary implants.
Iron‐Mediated Azidomethylation or Azidotrideuteromethylation of Active Alkenes with Azidotrimethylsilane and Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Authors: Zhang Rui , Yu Haifei , Li Zejiang , Yan Qinqin , Li Pan , Wu Jilai , Qi Jing , Jiang Menglu , Sun Lixian 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA radical azidomethylation of various alkenes with azidotrimethylsilane and dimethyl sulfoxide has been achieved under mild reaction conditions, and the method efficiently introduces common and valuable azide and methyl groups into organic compounds. It offers a convenient method for preparing organic azides, which can be easily transformed into related amine derivatives and N‐heterocycles. Control experiments such as capturing of the intermediate and gram‐scale reactions of the developed system as well as further transformations of the products of the reaction are presented. And a free radical is involved in the reaction process.magnified image
Ancient and recent Middle Eastern maternal genetic contribution to North Africa as viewed by mtDNA diversity in Tunisian Arab populations
Authors: Elkamel Sarra , Boussetta Sami , Khodjet‐El‐Khil Houssein , Benammar Elgaaied Amel , Cherni Lotfi 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectivesThrough previous mitochondrial DNA studies, the Middle Eastern maternal genetic contribution to Tunisian populations appears limited. In fact, most of the studied communities were cosmopolitan, or of Berber or Andalusian origin. To provide genetic evidence for the actual contribution of Middle Eastern mtDNA lineages to Tunisia, we focused on two Arab speaking populations from Kairouan and Wesletia known to belong to an Arab genealogical lineage.Materials and MethodsA total of 114 samples were sequenced for the mtDNA HVS‐I and HVS‐II regions. Using these data, we evaluated the distribution of Middle Eastern haplogroups in the study populations, constructed interpolation maps, and established phylogenetic networks allowing estimation of the coalescence time for three specific Middle Eastern subclades (R0a, J1b, and T1).ResultsBoth studied populations displayed North African genetic structure and Middle Eastern lineages with a frequency of 12% and 28.12% in Kairouan and Wesletia, respectively. TMRCA estimates for haplogroups T1a, R0a, and J1b in Tunisian Arabian samples were around 15 000 YBP, 9000 to 5000 YBP, and 960 to 600 YBP, respectively.ConclusionsThe Middle Eastern maternal genetic contribution to Tunisian populations, as to other North African populations, occurred mostly in deep prehistory. They were brought in different migration waves during the Upper Paleolithic, probably with the expansion of Iberomaurusian culture, and during Epipaleolithic and Early Neolithic periods, which are concomitant with the Capsian civilization. Middle Eastern lineages also came to Tunisia during the recent Islamic expansion of the 7th CE and the subsequent massive Bedouin migration during the 11th CE.
Diagnostic criteria for disorders of arousal: A video‐polysomnographic assessment
Authors: Lopez Régis , Shen Yun , Chenini Sofiene , Rassu Anna Laura , Evangelista Elisa , Barateau Lucie , Jaussent Isabelle , Dauvilliers Yves 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTo assess video‐polysomnographic (vPSG) criteria and their cutoff values for the diagnosis of disorders of arousal (DOAs; sleepwalking, sleep terror).MethodsOne hundred sixty adult patients with DOAs and 50 sex‐ and age‐matched healthy participants underwent a clinical evaluation and vPSG assessment to quantify slow wave sleep (SWS) interruptions (SWS fragmentation index, slow/mixed and fast arousal ratios, and indexes per hour) and the associated behaviors. First, a case–control analysis was performed in 100 patients and the 50 controls to define the optimal cutoff values using receiver operating characteristic curves. Their sensitivity was then assessed in the other 60 patients with DOAs.ResultsThe SWS fragmentation index and the mixed, slow, and slow/mixed arousal indexes and ratios were higher in patients with DOAs than controls. The highest area under the curve (AUC) values were obtained for the SWS fragmentation and slow/mixed arousal indexes (AUC = 0.88 and 0.90, respectively). The SWS fragmentation index cutoff value of 6.8/h reached a sensitivity of 79% and a specificity of 82%. The slow/mixed arousal index had a sensitivity of 94% for the 2.5/h cutoff, and 100% specificity for 6/h. Both parameters showed good interrater agreement, and their sensitivities were confirmed in the second group of patients. Combining electroencephalographic parameters and video‐based behavioral analyses increased the correct classification rate up to 91.3%.InterpretationFrequent slow/mixed arousals in SWS and complex behaviors during vPSG are strongly associated with DOAs, and could be promising biomarkers for the diagnosis of non–rapid eye movement parasomnias. Ann Neurol 2018;83:341–351
Highly Fluorescent Chiral N‐S‐Doped Carbon Dots from Cysteine: Affecting Cellular Energy Metabolism
Authors: Li Feng , Li Yiye , Yang Xiao , Han Xuexiang , Jiao Yang , Wei Taotao , Yang Dayong , Xu Huaping , Nie Guangjun 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCysteine‐based chiral optically active carbon dots (CDs) and their effects on cellular energy metabolism, which is vital for essential cellular functions, have been barely reported. A green and effective synthesis strategy for chiral N‐S‐doped CDs (fluorescence quantum yield ca. 41.26 %) based on hydrothermal treatment of l‐ or d‐cysteine at as low as 60 °C has been developed. This suggested that cysteine was instable in aqueous solutions and acts as a warning for high‐temperature synthesis of nanomaterials using cysteine as stabilizer. Human bladder cancer T24 cells treated with l‐CDs showed up‐regulated glycolysis, while d‐CDs had no similar effects. In contrast, no disturbance to the basal mitochondrial aerobic respiration of T24 cells was caused by either chiral CD.
India's Approaches to the South China Sea: Priorities and Balances
Authors: Granados Ulises 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe research inquiries into New Delhi's current approaches to Maritime Asia regional security in general and the South China Sea from the perspective of an Indian Act East Policy operating in the East Asian security supercomplex. Shaped by theoretical insights from defensive realism and security studies and based on empirical analysis of India's policy decisions from 2014 to the present, the research evaluates India's reach and limitations over its diplomatic and naval strategic policies with key Southeast Asian and extra regional states, mainly Vietnam, the United States and Japan. While identifying the need to update current India's naval strategy to better protect freedom of navigation in the South China Sea, the analysis finds relevant incentives for a closer India–China cooperative engagement so as to both improve the security architecture in this maritime region and for the sake of India's own security at large.