bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The paradoxical sustainability of periodic migration and habitat destruction
Authors: Tan Zong Xuan , Cheong Kang Hao 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSome species and societies engage in sustainable habitat destruction by periodically alternating between a low-growth migratory lifestyle and high-growth but destructive behavior. Examples include nomadic pastoralism and shifting cultivation, practiced by humans for millenia. Although specific models have been developed for species or societies which practice periodic migration and habitat destruction, theoretical insight into such phenomena as a whole is lacking. Here we present a general model of populations which alternate between migratory but negative-growth ‘nomadism’ and destructive ‘colonialism’ which yields high but short-term growth. Despite both strategies individually resulting in extinction, we demonstrate that a population can sustainably colonize an arbitrarily large network of habitats by alternating between the two. This counter-intuitive result can be interpreted in terms of both Parrondo’s paradox and the exploration-exploitation dilemma, suggesting answers to the question of sustainable development.
Design, fabrication and characterization of tailored poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyexanoate] scaffolds by computer-aided wet-spinning
Authors: Puppi Dario , Pirosa Alessandro , Morelli Andrea , Chiellini Federica 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe the fabrication and characterization of poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyexanoate] (PHBHHx) tissue engineering scaffolds with anatomical shape and customized porous structure.

Design/methodology/approach
Scaffolds with external shape and size modeled on a critical size segment of a rabbit’s radius model and an internal macrochanneled porous structure were designed and fabricated by means of a computer-aided wet-spinning (CAWS) technique. Morphological, thermal and mechanical characterization were carried out to assess the effect of the fabrication process on material properties and the potential of the PHBHHx scaffolds in comparison with anatomical star poly(e-caprolactone) (*PCL) scaffolds previously validated in vivo.

Findings
The CAWS technique is well suited for the layered manufacturing of anatomical PHBHHx scaffolds with a tailored porous architecture characterized by a longitudinal macrochannel. Morphological analysis showed that the scaffolds were composed by overlapping layers of microfibers with a spongy morphology, forming a 3D interconnected network of pores. Physical-chemical characterization indicated that the used technique did not affect the molecular structure of the processed polymer. Analysis of the compressive and tensile mechanical properties of the scaffolds highlighted the anisotropic behavior of the porous structure and the effect of the macrochannel in enhancing scaffold compressive stiffness. In comparison to the *PCL scaffolds, PHBHHx scaffolds showed higher compressive stiffness and tensile deformability.

Originality/value
This study shows the possibility of using renewable microbial polyester for the fabrication of scaffolds with anatomical shape and internal architecture tailored for in vivo bone regeneration studies.
Support optimization for additive manufacturing: application to FDM
Authors: Boyard Nicolas , Christmann Olivier , Rivette Mickaël , Kerbrat Olivier , Richir Simon 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to present a new methodology to optimize the support generation within the fused deposition modeling process.

Design/methodology/approach
Different methods of support generation exist, but they are limited with regards to complex parts. This paper proposes a method dedicated to support generation, integrated into CAD software. The objective is to minimize the volume of support and its impact on a part’s surface finish. Two case studies illustrate the methodology. The support generation is based on an octree’s discretization of the part.

Findings
The method represents a first solid step in the support optimization for a reasonable calculation time. It has the advantage of being virtually automatic. The only tasks to be performed by the designer are to place the part to be studied with respect to the CAD reference and to give the ratio between the desired support volume and the maximum volume of support.

Research limitations/implications
In the case studies, a low gain in manufacturing time was observed. This is explained by the honeycomb structure of the support generated by a common slicing software, whereas the proposed method uses a “full” structure. It would be interesting to study the feasibility of an optimized support, with a honeycomb structure but with a preservation of the surface which is in contact with the part.

Originality/value
This solution best fits the needs of the designer and manufacturer already taking advantage of existing solutions. It is adaptable to any part if the withdrawal of support is taken into account. It also allows the designer to validate the generation of support throughout the CAD without breaking the digital chain.
Endoscopic and surgical removal of oesophageal and gastric fishhook foreign bodies in 33 animals
Authors: Binvel M. , Poujol L. , Peyron C. , Dunie‐Merigot A. , Bernardin F. 
Published: November 2017

ObjectivesTo describe the location, retrieval, frequency of surgery and complications associated with fishhook foreign bodies.Materials and MethodsRetrospective evaluation of the medical records of cats and dogs admitted between 2010 and 2016 after fishhook ingestion.ResultsA total of 33 cases (2 cats and 31 dogs) were included. The most common locations were the proximal oesophagus [12/33 (36%)] and stomach [11/33 (33%)]. Endoscopic retrieval was successful in 27 of 33 cases (82%); oesophageal perforation was the only recorded complication, occurring in six of 33 (18%) cases. Surgery was performed in six cases (18%), and no early complications were recorded. The survival rate was 100%.Clinical SignificanceThe endoscopic removal of ingested fishhooks is highly successful. In the present study, survival to discharge was 100%, even in cases of oesophageal perforation or in cases requiring surgery.
3D Object Classification Using Geometric Features and Pairwise Relationships
Authors: Ma Ling , Sacks Rafael , Kattel Uri , Bloch Tanya 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObject classification is a key differentiator of building information modeling (BIM) from three‐dimensional (3D) computer‐aided design (CAD). Incorrect object classification impedes the full exploitation of BIM models. Models prepared using domain‐specific software cannot ensure correct object classification when transferred to other domains, and research on reconstruction of BIM models using spatial survey has not proved a full capability to classify objects. This research proposed an integrated approach to object classification that applied domain experts’ knowledge of shape features and pairwise relationships of 3D objects to effectively classify objects using a tailored matching algorithm. Among its contributions: the algorithms implemented for shape and spatial feature identification could process various complex 3D geometry; the method devised for compilation of the knowledge base considered both rigor and confidence of the inference; the algorithm for matching provides mathematical measurement of the object classification results. The integrated approach has been applied to classify 3D bridge objects in two models: a model prepared using incorrect object types and a model manually reconstructed using point cloud data. All these objects were successfully classified.
The periodontal pocket
Authors: Donos Nikolaos 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPeriodontal disease is synonymous with the presence of periodontal pockets, and very often the clinical success of periodontal therapy is based on periodontal pocket depth reduction. Therefore, in the fields of periodontology and implant dentistry, significant research effort has been placed on the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of periodontal/peri‐implant disease and as a consequence on pocket pathology. In this volume of Periodontology 2000, the in‐depth reviews include topics ranging from preclinical models, anatomy and structure of tissues, and molecular and bacterial components, to treatments of pockets around teeth and implants. These reviews aim to provide the readers with current and future perspectives on the different areas of research into the periodontal pocket.
Is an endoscopic examination associated with transfusion‐transmissible infections? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Van Remoortel Hans , Borra Vere , De Buck Emmy , Compernolle Veerle , Vandekerckhove Philippe 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUNDThe purpose of a donor medical questionnaire is to identify the blood donor's history relative to the current known blood‐safety risks. A temporary deferral from blood donation after an endoscopic examination is enforced because of the reusable nature of the endoscope and close contact with the inner body. The objective of this systematic review was to find the best available evidence on the association between an endoscopic examination and the risk of transfusion‐transmissible infections.METHODSStudies from five databases investigating the link between an endoscopic examination and transfusion‐transmissible infections (hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus infection, Treponema pallidum) were retained and assessed independently by two reviewers. The association between endoscopy and transfusion‐transmissible infections was identified by conducting meta‐analyses and calculating pooled effect measures (odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals). The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology was used to assess the quality of evidence.RESULTSWe identified 7571 references and finally included 29 observational studies. A significant association between an endoscopic examination and hepatitis B virus infection (pooled odds ratio [OR], 2.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26‐3.86; p = 0.005) or hepatitis C virus infection (pooled OR 1.76, 95% CI, 1.45‐2.14; p < 0.00001) was found. The level of evidence was considered as “very low” due to the type of study design (i.e., observational) and indirect study populations (i.e., no blood donor populations).CONCLUSIONAn endoscopic examination is associated with an increased hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus infection risk. Further high‐quality trials are required to formulate stronger evidence‐based recommendations on endoscopic examination as a blood donor deferral criterion.
Experimental Investigation of NOx Formation in a Dual Fuel Engine
Authors: Hagen Luke , Breaux Baine , Flory Michael , Hiltner Joel , Fiveland Scott 
Published: November 2017

The North American oil and gas industry has experienced a market pull for dual fuel (DF) engines that can run on any ratio of fuels ranging from 100% diesel to a high proportion of field gas relative to diesel, while also meeting the US Tier 4 Nonroad emissions standards. A DF engine must meet complex and at times competing requirements in terms of performance, fuel tolerance, and emissions. The challenges faced in designing a DF engine to meet all of the performance and emissions requirements require a detailed understanding of the trade-offs for each pollutant. This paper will focus on the details of NOx formation for high substitution DF engines.
Experimental results have demonstrated that NOx emission trends (as a function of lambda) for DF engines differ from both traditional diesel engines and lean burn natural gas engines. For high energy substitution (>70%) conditions, NOx emissions are a function of the premixed gas lambda (λng) and contain a local minimum, with NOx increasing as lambda is either leaned or rich-ened beyond the local minimum which occurs from approximately λng = 1.7–1.85.
It is hypothesized that at richer conditions (λng < 1.7), NOx formed in the burning of gaseous fuel results in increased total NOx emissions. At leaner conditions (λng > 1.85) the NOx formed in the diesel post flame regions, as a result of increased oxygen availability, results in increased total NOx emissions. Between these two regions there are competing effects which result in relatively constant NOx.
Cold-Start CFD Simulation of Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection Engine
Authors: Yang Xiaofeng , Kuo Tang-Wei , Singh Kulwinder , Hattar Rafat , Zeng Yangbing 
Published: November 2017

Reliably starting the engine during extremely cold ambient temperatures is one of the largest calibration and emissions challenges in engine development. Although cold-start conditions comprise only a small portion of an engine’s typical drive cycle, large amounts of hydrocarbon and particulate emissions are generated during this time, and the calibration of cold-start operation takes several months to complete.
During the cold start period, results of previous cycle combustion event strongly influences the subsequent cycle due to variations in engine speed, residual fraction, residual wall film mass, in-cylinder charge and wall temperatures, and air flow distribution between cylinders. Include all these parameters in CFD simulation is critical in understanding the cold start process in transient and cumulative manner.
Measured cold start data of a production four cylinder spark-ignition direct-injection engine was collected for this study with an ambient temperature of −30 °C. Three-dimensional transient engine flow, spray and combustion simulation over first 3 consecutive engine cycles is carried out to provide a better understandings of the cold-start process. Measured engine speed and 1D conjugate heat transfer model are used to capture realistic in-cylinder flow dynamics and transient wall temperatures for more accurate fuel-air mixing predictions.
The CFD predicted cumulative heat release trend for the first 3 cycles matches the data from measured pressure analysis. The same observation can be made for the vaporized fuel mass as well. These observations are explained in the report.
Kinematics of an Articulated Connecting Rod and its Effect on Simulated Compression Pressures and Port Timings
Authors: Fieseler Kelsey , Jacobs Timothy J. , Patterson Mark 
Published: November 2017

This study discusses the motion of the articulated connecting rod of an integral-engine compressor and the effect of the kinematics on in-cylinder pressure and port timings. A piston position modeling technique based on kinematics and engine geometry is proposed in order to improve the accuracy of simulated in-cylinder compression pressures.
Many integral-engine compressors operate with an articulated connecting rod. For this type of engine-driven compressor, two power pistons share a crank throw with the compressor. The hinge pins that attach the power piston connecting rods to the crank are offset, causing the piston locations for each cylinder to be out of phase with each other. This causes top dead center to occur at different crank angles, alters the geometric compression ratio, and also changes the port timings for each cylinder.
In this study, the equations of motion for the pistons of the four possible compressor/piston configurations of a Cooper-Bessemer GMW are developed. With the piston profiles, the intake and exhaust port timings were determined and compared to those of a slider-crank mechanism. The piston profile was then inputted into GT-POWER, an engine modeling software developed by Gamma Technologies, in order to obtain an accurate simulation match to the experimental in-cylinder pressure data collected from a Cooper-Bessemer GMWH-10C.
Assuming the piston motion of an engine with an articulated connecting rod is similar to a slider-crank mechanism can create a difference in port timings. The hinge pin offset creates asymmetrical motion about 180°aTDC, causing the port timings to also be asymmetrical about this location. The largest differences are shown in the intake port opening of about 10° and a difference in exhaust port opening of about 7° when comparing the motion of the correct configuration to the motion of a slider-crank mechanism.
It is shown that properly calculating the piston motion profiles according to the crank articulation and engine geometry provides a good method of simulating in-cylinder pressure data during the compression stroke.
Hepatitis A: What practice nurses need to know
Authors: Gawthrop Mary 
Published: November 2017

Hepatitis A is a liver disease caused by a virus. Vaccination is a way of preventing this disease in travellers; however, the international vaccine shortage means that dose sparing advice should be followed. Mary Gawthrop explains Hepatitis A is a viral disease that affects the liver. Travel to countries with unsafe water and inadequate sanitation is a risk factor for hepatitis A. Outbreaks have also been associated with men who have sex with men. An international shortage of hepatitis A vaccine has led to the implementation of dose sparing advice to prioritise stock for those who are at highest risk of contracting the disease. It is essential that practice nurses working in a travel capacity have an awareness of the current guidelines. This article provices a summary of UK hepatitis A vaccine guidance.
Practice nurses' knowledge and competence in relation to perinatal mental health care
Authors: Downes Carmel , Carroll Margaret , Gill Ailish , Monahan Mark , Higgins Agnes 
Published: November 2017

Given practice nurses' close contact with women in the perinatal period, the authors of this study sought to explore their knowledge and competence of dealing with perinatal mental health problems Aims: The study aimed to explore the extent of practice nurses' involvement with women experiencing perinatal mental health problems and to explore their knowledge, confidence and skills in identifying and responding effectively to these women. Methods: Data were collected from 185 practice nurses over a 6-month period in 2016 using an anonymous, self-completed online survey. Results: Just under half of practice nurses reported dealing with women with perinatal mental health problems. This cohort reported deficits in knowledge, skill, confidence and training to perform the role, and the majority did not inquire about sensitive and complex topics, such as intimate partner violence and psychosis. A lack of access to and support for the education of practice nurses in perinatal mental health care was found. Conclusion: Practice nurses require education and other supports, such as care pathways, to provide psychological support to women experiencing perinatal mental health problems.
Digital ‘underwriting’: A script development technique in the age of media convergence
Authors: Dooley Kath 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This article examines the use of digital tools to create audio-visual resources that can both inspire and inform the development of the contemporary feature film screenplay. With reference to Martin, Millard, Price and practitioners Waldo Salt, Raul Ruiz and Mike Leigh, I define this activity as a form of ‘underwriting’. This term refers to the creation of fictional, written or audio-visual work that does not feature in the screenplay but helps to inform the creation of characters, narrative and story world. The writers/directors listed above are noted for creating a mass of material that contributes towards the richness of their work but is not intended for publication in script form or in the final film. I then report on my own digital ‘underwriting’ in the early development of a feature film tentatively titled Fireflies. This activity has involved the use of digital cameras, mobile phones and social media to document and develop a screen idea during workshops with actors. The result is the creation of a mass of creative material (character improvisations, profiles and filmed ‘test scenes’) that informs the writing of my screenplay. Finally, I consider how this ‘underwriting’ might also function as an audience development tool. I situate my work alongside current industry practices in Australia and abroad (such as the production of proof-of-concept videos and mood reels) to demonstrate the increasingly common and desirable use of digital tools in the early development of a screen idea for both writer and audience.
Evaluación de recursos naturales y culturales para la creación de un corredor turístico en el altiplano de San Luis Potosí, México
Authors: Vázquez Martínez Gustavo Adolfo , Vázquez Solís Valente 
Published: November 2017

La conformación económica del árido Altiplano de San Luis Potosí ha descansado en los sectores agropecuario, el comercio y la minería. Sin embargo, la incorporación de nuevos territorios a la actividad turística, como parte de una política de impulso nacional, ha permitido la apertura a la diversificación económica en zonas desérticas. En este sentido, los municipios de Cedral, Matehuala y Villa de la Paz disponen de recursos naturales y culturales para el aprovechamiento turístico, lo que se sustenta en los atributos de su medio físico-geográfico, la herencia cultural de grupos prehispánicos, su arquitectura y su gastronomía.Esta investigación revela la riqueza material y cultural de tres municipios del Altiplano potosino en la que se utilizó una metodología de análisis multicriterio para definir 10 áreas proclives al aprovechamiento turístico con base en la detección de sitios aptos y, a partir de estos, conformar un corredor turístico con los atributos más importantes de la región, en la que existe un emergente potencial que dinamizaría la economía turística local y regional.La propuesta del corredor –dentro de su planeación– integra condiciones (y tiene implicaciones) de orden ambiental, social y económico, que incentivan la movilización de bienes, servicios, mercancías y turistas en la zona y promueven la integración política y la participación de los actores involucrados.
Überlieferung und die beiden Rollen der Bibliotheken
Authors: Schaab Rupert 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungIn Katalogdatenbanken öffentlich gemachte Selbstverpflichtungen bilden ein nachhaltiges, flexibles und robustes Instrument zur Überlieferungssicherung gedruckter Bücher und Zeitschriften in den Wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken Deutschlands. Erforderlich sind hierfür verlässliche Angaben zur Überlieferungshäufigkeit, Transparenz und effiziente Verfahren zur Überführung seltener Titel an einschlägige Bibliotheken sowie der Wille zu einer stärkeren Arbeitsteilung zwischen den Einrichtungen.
The Instrument for Evaluating the Academic Library E-Service Quality
Authors: Einasto Olga 
Published: November 2017

AbstractNew electronic services and their quality evaluation constitute an important field of research and challenge in the modern libraries. The aim of this article is to present an instrument for the evaluation of e-service quality in academic libraries. The instrument eUTLib Qual is based on the theoretical analyses of the existing models of (e-)service quality and their suitability in the context of academic libraries, and on the results of a qualitative and quantitative studies, conducted in the University of Tartu Library, Estonia.