bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive pleural cytology is an indicator for visceral pleural invasion in metastatic pleural effusions
Authors: Froudarakis Marios E. , Plojoux Jerôme , Kaspi Elise , Anevlavis Stavros , Laroumagne Sophie , Karpathiou Georgia , Roca Elisa , Adler Dan , Dutau Hervé , Astoul Philippe 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntroductionIn case of undiagnosed pleural effusions, it is necessary to conduct thoracentesis with pleural fluid (PF) cytology. Yet, sensitivity of PF cytology is widely variable as a result of sample size, experience, and preparation method.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess whether pleural fluid (PF) cytology is correlated to visceral or parietal pleural invasion as assessed by thoracoscopy in metastatic pleural effusions.MethodsAll records of patients with pleural effusion were reviewed. The inclusion criteria were as follows: PF cytology, reported appearance of macroscopic pleural invasion during thoracoscopy and malignant diagnosis. Patients with mesothelioma were excluded. Finally, 287 patients who met all criteria were selected. According to the thoracoscopy findings, the extent of the disease on the pleura was analyzed in relation to the PF cytology.ResultsIn this study, 160 patients (55.7%) had a positive PF cytology (Group A) while 127 (44.3%) recorded negative PF cytology (Group B). From Group A, patients with visceral pleural invasion were 120 (75%) while only 49 patients (38.5%) were found from Group B and the difference was statistically significant (P < .00001). In univariate analysis, visceral pleural invasion was strongly associated with positive PF cytology (P < .001). Other significant associations with positive PF cytology included PF bloody aspect (P = .012), and endoscopic mixed pattern of pleural invasion (P = .0039). Only visceral pleural invasion was statistically significant in multivariate analysis (P < .001).ConclusionsIn patients with pleural metastatic disease, visceral pleural invasion is the only significant factor associated with positive pleural fluid cytology.
Association of left atrial enlargement with ventricular remodeling in hypertensive Chinese elderly
Authors: Peng Jing , Laukkanen Jari A. , Zhao Qianping , Wang Liping , Zhang Xu , Li Gang 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundIt is not well known whether left atrial (LA) enlargement is associated with left ventricular (LV) remodeling in Asian subjects with preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF ≥50%). Therefore, we studied whether LA enlargement is related to ventricular remodeling in hypertensive Chinese elderly with preserved LVEF.MethodsData of 480 hypertensive Chinese elderly (age from 65 to 94 years) with LVEF ≥50% were consecutively included in the study.ResultsWe observed a total of 248 patients (51.7%) with increased LA size. Univariate analysis showed that LA size was positively related to duration of hypertension, prevalence of coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation, interventricular septal thickness, LV posterior wall thickness, LV end‐diastolic and end‐systolic diameter, LV mass index, right ventricular (RV) diameter and aortic diameter; meanwhile, LA size was inversely related to LVEF and relative wall thickness of LV. Multivariate regression analysis showed that LA enlargement was positively related to duration of hypertension (P=.012) and RV diameter (P<.001).ConclusionsLeft atrial enlargement is independently associated with a longer duration of hypertension and RV dilative remodeling in hypertensive elderly with preserved LVEF. LA enlargement is an early sign of RV eccentric remodeling in hypertensive elderly.
Atrioventricular dyssynchrony from empiric device settings is common in cardiac resynchronization therapy and adversely impacts left ventricular morphology and function
Authors: Sinner Gregory J. , Gupta Vedant A. , Seratnahaei Arash , Charnigo Richard J. , Darrat Yousef H. , Elayi Samy C. , Leung Steve W. , Sorrell Vincent L. 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundEchocardiographic atrioventricular (AV) optimization after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is uncommon due to time constraints and the use of vendor‐specific device algorithms. It remains unclear whether optimization of mitral inflow velocities can still be useful. We aimed to investigate post implantation left ventricular (LV) inflow patterns to determine the incidence of AV dyssynchrony from empirically set devices.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of patients undergoing CRT using empiric device settings. Forty‐eight patients with clinical, echocardiographic, and pacemaker follow‐up were grouped by their post implantation LV filling pattern. Baseline characteristics and echocardiographic measurements were compared with post implantation findings at median 6.3 months (interquartile range [IQR], 3.9–17.0).ResultsTwenty‐four patients demonstrated AV dyssynchrony (Group 1) after CRT, and 24 patients did not (Group 2). Group 1 patients had less LV reverse remodeling compared to Group 2 patients (ΔLV end‐diastolic volume: −3.6 mL vs −49.5 mL, P<.05; ΔLV end‐systolic volume: −16.9 mL vs −53.5 mL, P<.05) and did not experience significant improvements in LV outflow tract velocity time integral, stroke volume, or LV ejection fraction. There were no differences in new‐onset atrial fibrillation, heart failure readmissions, or mortality between groups.ConclusionOur study suggests that up to 50% of patients with empiric device settings have AV dyssynchrony at 6 months despite atrioventricular delay optimization (AVO) algorithms. As AV dyssynchrony is common and has proven to be modifiable, a strategic approach to Doppler echocardiography‐guided AVO after CRT is warranted, particularly in nonresponders where the LV filling pattern is fused or truncated.
Natural history of severe aortic stenosis: Diastolic wall strain as a novel prognostic marker
Authors: Obasare Edinrin , Bhalla Vikas , Gajanana Deepakraj , Rodriguez Ziccardi Mary , Codolosa Jose N. , Figueredo Vincent M. , Morris Dennis Lynn , Pressman Gregg S. 
Published: March 2017

Background and AimDiastolic wall strain (DWS) has been proposed as a simple noninvasive measure of left ventricular (LV) stiffness. This study investigated DWS as a possible predictor of mortality in severe aortic stenosis (AS).Methods138 patients with severe AS (indexed aortic valve area [AVA]<0.6 cm2/m2) and normal ejection fraction (>55%) were included. 52 patients (38%) had aortic valve interventions or poor image quality (n=5) and were excluded leaving 86 in the study group (84±8 years, 70% female, 69% African American). DWS was defined as (LVPWs−LVPWd)/LVPWs where LVPWs=left ventricular posterior wall thickness in systole and LVPWd=left ventricular wall thickness in diastole.ResultsFollow‐up extended 2.0±1.9 years (median 1.6 years). Mean DWS for the group was 0.21±0.11 (normal=0.4±0.07). In patients who died, DWS was significantly lower than in survivors (0.18±0.09 vs 0.24±0.11, P=.02). By contrast, traditional measures of diastolic dysfunction did not predict death. Regression analysis showed DWS predicted death even after adjusting for age, sex, race, indexed AVA, symptoms (angina, shortness of breath, dizziness, syncope), and clinical factors (creatinine, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia) (HR 2.5 [95% CI 1.02‐5.90], P<.05). The best cutoff value for DWS of 0.25 had a sensitivity of 42% and specificity of 83% for predicting death.ConclusionsDWS is an independent predictor of all‐cause mortality in patients with severe AS, even after accounting for traditional clinical and echocardiographic parameters.
Amphibian sensitivity to habitat modification is associated with population trends and species traits
Authors: Nowakowski A. Justin , Thompson Michelle E. , Donnelly Maureen A. , Todd Brian D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAimHabitat modification is causing widespread declines in biodiversity and the homogenization of biotas. Amphibians are especially threatened by habitat modification, yet we know little about why some species persist or thrive in the face of this threat whereas others decline. Our aim was to identify intrinsic factors that explain variation among amphibians in their sensitivity to habitat modification (SHM), factors that could help target groups of species for conservation.LocationGlobal.Time period1986–2015Major taxon studiedAmphibians.MethodsWe quantified SHM using species abundances in natural and altered habitats as reported in published field surveys. We first examined associations between local SHM and range‐wide threatened status, population trends and invasiveness. We then evaluated the importance of intrinsic and extrinsic variables in explaining species SHM using multiple comparative methods. Our analyses included over 200 species that could be ranked with confidence from 47 studies across five continents.ResultsAmphibians species varied considerably in local SHM. High SHM was associated with elevated range‐wide extinction risk and declining population trends. Species that were tolerant of habitat modification were most likely to be invasive outside their native range. Geographical range size was the most important intrinsic predictor and was negatively associated with SHM. Larval habitat was also an important predictor, but was tightly coupled with phylogenetic position.Main conclusionsNarrowly distributed species whose larvae develop on land or in lotic habitats are most sensitive to habitat modification. However, other unmeasured, phylogenetically constrained traits could underlie the effect of larval habitat. Species range size is frequently correlated with global extinction risk in vertebrates, and our analysis extends this macroecological pattern to the sensitivity of amphibians to local habitat loss, a proximate driver of extinction. These general patterns of SHM should help identify those groups of amphibians most at risk in an era of rapid habitat loss and scarce conservation resources.
Lichen Simplex Chronicus Among Filipinos
Authors: Bocobo Florante C. 
Published: March 2017

Summary
Of 1,256 Filipino patients seen in the author's dermatologie practice in Manila, 103 (8.2 percent) had lichen simplex chronicus. This was a relatively high incidence, comparable to that of Orientals residing in the United States.
Of the 103 cases of lichen simplex chronicus, 61 were females and 42 males, for a ratio of 3 :2.
The average age of the patients was 42 years.
The ankle was unquestionably the site of predilection.
Clinical Evaluation Of Triamcinolone Spray In Dermatologic Conditions
Authors: Christianson Herbert B. , Derbes Vincent J. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryA variety of dermatologie conditions encountered in 163 patients was treated with triamcinolone acetonide spray. Among the 155 patients who were followed, results were excellent in 57 (36.8 percent), good in 60 (38.7 percent), fair in 21 (13.5 percent) and poor in 17 (11 percent). Localized neurodermatitis, contact dermatitis and eczematous conditions responded well to treatment. Poor responses were noted in patients with alopecia areata, herpes zoster, mycosisfungoides and granuloma annulare.The only undesirable reaction reported was a burning sensation after application of the spray. Usually this was slight and transient, but treatment was discontinued in one patient because of excessive burning, despite clinical improvement.
Griseofulvina Y Lepra
Authors: Bile Tomás 
Published: March 2017

ResumenDurante cuatro meses, aunque en forma saltuaria, se experimenta la griseofulvina en siete casos lepromatosos de los cuales cinco se encontraban en fase reaccional con tratamiento previo y uno sin tratamiento alguno. Las dosis fueron de tres pastillas repartidas durante el día. En todos hubo recuperación rápida tanto desde el punto de vista subjetivo como objetivo. El autor supone que la interrelación de causa a efecto entre la griseofulvina y la lepra se debería a una acción antibiótica directa y específica del medicamento sobre el Mycobacterium y sugiere una experimentación más amplia en éste campo, destacando además la buena tolerancia de la droga durante todos los ensayos terapéuticos realizados.Es necesario tener presente que los interesantísimos hallazgos del Dr. Bile se basaron en una investigación preliminar llevada a cabo en sólo siete pacientes estudiados durante cuatro meses, sin ceñirse a un esquema formal de investigación. Según lo señala el Dr. Bile mismo, se requiere una investigación mucho más amplia antes de que se puedan sacar conclusiones definitivas. —Editor.
Ablacion Ungueal‐Su Uso En La Onicomicosis
Authors: Fernando A. , Cordero C. 
Published: March 2017

ResumenSe presenta la modalidad terapéutica de asociar el uso de la griseofulvina con la ablación quirúrgica de las uñas en eltratamiento de la onicomicosis.A su vez, se describe la nueva técnica quirúrgica creada por el autor, para la resección de las uñas, poniéndo énfasis en la sencillez y facilidad de su ejecuten, ya que cualquier uña enferma de los pies o manos, puede ser resecada con sólo el uso de una pequeña cucharilla de bordes romos. Es una operación de cirugía menor, fácil, sencilla, practica y accesible para cualquier medico y aún para el dermatólogo no familiarizado con la cirugía de piel.Con la combinación de ambos métodos, prácticamente se elimina la posibilidad de las reacciones colaterales, de intolerancia o intoxicación consecutivas al uso del antibiótico, ya que se reduce en más de un 40% la dosis total que se administra; se detiene el proceso invasivo de los hongos; además, estos se enlinan mecánicamente al resecar la una enferma y se previene su recurrencia, con la administración postoperatoria del antibiótico. El tiempo de tratamiento, se reduce en más de la mintad y lacuración se obtiene en el lapso de un mes.Se trataron 200 enfermos y se resecaron 217 uñas en total, tanto de los pies como de las manos; la infección que predominó fué consecutiva al Trichophyton rubrum; los resultados terapéuticos obtenidos fueron muy satisfactorios, ya que se observó un 95% de curación; las recaídas se deben más que todo al uso deficiente de la griseofulvina en el período post‐operatorio y a que el enfermo regresaba a su ocupación anterior.
The Peculiar Demarcation of Pigmentation along the So‐called Voigt's Line among the Japanese
Authors: Ito Kasuke 
Published: March 2017

SummaryRare cases of a phenomenon in which there is a sharp demarcation between the hyperpigmented surface of the extensors and the less pigmented skin of the flexors, rather than the normal gradual transition, have been observed among the Japanese. This demarcation may be found on various parts of the body but is most commonly seen on the extremities, where it follows the direction of the so‐called Voigt's line.This phenomenon appears to affect females ten times as frequently as males; it is found in all age groups.Three interesting questions are posed—does this phenomenon occur among peoples other than the Japanese? Does it serve as a barrier against the spread of other skin disorders which occur of along its line? Finally, what is the mechanism underlying this condition?
Keratoacanthoma and Its Incidence as Affected by Sunlight in the Tropical and Subtropical Areas of Australia
Authors: Belisario John C. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe author briefly traces the history of keratoacanthoma since its description by Hutchinson in 1899, and discusses its incidence according to age and affected body areas as well as its possible aetiology.The role of sunlight in the causation of keratoacanthoma is examined. The clinical features of this condition, including its possible role as a precursor of malignant processes, and its diagnosis are discussed. The author also suggests a therapeutic approach.
Inhibition of Hypophysial Activity by Paraoxypropiophenone in Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Kantner A. 
Published: March 2017

Summary
The administration of paraoxypropiophenone failed to influence theso–called sebotrophic factor.
Paraoxypropiophenone, in fact,inhibited at least the production of the gonadotrophic hormone(FSH).
Results favor the hormonal theory of the origin of acne—a relative increase in the androgen level.
Experiments will have to be continued and results will have to be followed longer after administration of gonadotrophic hormone in acne.
Three odorant binding proteins may regulate the behavioural response of Chrysopa pallens to plant volatiles and the aphid alarm pheromone (E)‐β‐farnesene
Authors: Li Z.‐Q. , Zhang S. , Cai X.‐M. , Luo J.‐Y. , Dong S.‐L. , Cui J.‐J. , Chen Z.‐M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractArtificial Chrysopa pallens release is a well‐known method for suppressing aphids, but it is difficult to establish lacewing populations in the field. Understanding the functions of C. pallens odorant‐binding proteins (CpalOBPs) and behavioural responses of C. pallens to plant volatiles and aphid alarm pheromone (E)‐ß‐farnesene has important implications for population establishment after lacewing release. Based on our previous study, five antennae‐enriched CpalOBPs were selected. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis revealed that these five CpalOBPs were Classic OBPs and separated into different clades. Of them, CpalOBP10 clustered in the same clade with aphid OBP7, which mediates the perception of green leaf volatiles and (E)‐ß‐farnesene. Ligand‐binding assays showed 31 compounds, including plant‐derived compounds, pest‐induced volatiles and (E)‐ß‐farnesene, had high binding affinities for at least one of these five CpalOBPs. Of the 31 compounds, the pest‐induced volatiles (Z)−3‐hexenyl hexanoate and 2‐hexyl‐1‐decanol, used in host location by the black bean aphid, elicited significant attractive behavioural responses from C. pallens. Conversely, (E)‐ß‐farnesene elicited strongly repellent behavioural responses. It is conceivable that C. pallens utilizes plant‐derived compounds, pest‐induced volatiles and (E)‐ß‐farnesene as foraging cues. Our studies provide new insights into the interrelationships amongst C. pallens, its prey and the host plants. Compounds that elicited significant behavioural responses from C. pallens were also identified.
The first permanent molar: spontaneous eruption after a five‐year failure
Authors: Mistry Vinay N. , Barker Christopher S. , James Spencer R. 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundIt is rare for a first permanent molar (FPM) to temporarily exhibit clinical features of failure of eruption, followed by regeneration of full eruptive capacity 5 years later. Indeterminate failure of eruption (IFE) is a diagnosis of exclusion where the distinction between primary failure of eruption (PFE) and mechanical failure of eruption (MFE) is unclear, including patients too young to specify.Case reportAn 11‐year‐old girl attended the orthodontic clinic at Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust regarding an unerupted lower right FPM. Her medical and dental trauma history was unremarkable. She presented with a Class II division 2 malocclusion in the mixed dentition, with all other FPMs fully erupted.ConclusionThis report documents that an unerupted FPM in an 11‐year‐old patient may still have the eruptive potential to become functional within the dentition. The period spent monitoring the FPM's outcome prior to surgical intervention has avoided an operation under general anaesthetic and potentially unnecessary orthodontic treatment, as the tooth subsequently erupted without treatment.
Email adaptation for conflict handling: A case study of cross‐border inter‐organisational partnership in East Asia
Authors: Lee Joyce Yi‐Hui , Panteli Niki , Bülow Anne Marie , Hsu Carol 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper explores the context of email‐based communication in an established but fragile, inter‐organisational partnership, which was often overlain with conflict. Drawing upon adaptation theory, this study explores how participants adapt to the use of email to handle conflict. Extensive data were obtained during a 6‐month field study of a case of cross‐border inter‐organisational collaboration in East Asia. We observed that the individuals involved in the cross‐border partnership used email as a lean form of communication to stop covert conflict from explicitly emerging. In contrast to prior research on the leanness of email in managing conflict, we found that under the described conflict situation the very leanness of email was appreciated and thus, exploited by those concerned to manage the conflict situation. Specifically, we identified 4 key conflict‐triggered adaptation strategies, namely, interaction avoidance, disempowering, blame‐protection, and image‐sheltering that drove the ways in which email was adapted to maintain organisational partnerships under conflict.
Nonlinear scalarization in multiobjective optimization with a polyhedral ordering cone
Authors: Gutiérrez César , Huerga Lidia , Novo Vicente 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this work, we consider a multiobjective optimization problem in which the ordering cone is assumed to be polyhedral. In this framework, we characterize proper efficient solutions through nonlinear scalarization and a kind of polyhedral dilating cones. The main results are based on a characterization of weak efficient solutions, for which no convexity hypotheses are required. Moreover, the construction of these dilating cones allows us to obtain scalarization results that are easier to handle, and attractive from a computational point of view, since they are formulated in terms of a perturbation of the matrix that defines the ordering cone. Finally, when the feasible set is given by a cone constraint, we derive necessary and sufficient optimality conditions via a kind of scalar nonlinear Lagrangian.
Low bone mineral density risk factors and testing patterns in institutionalized adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities
Authors: Hess Mailee , Campagna Elizabeth J , Jensen Kristin M 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundAdults with intellectual or developmental disability (ID/DD) have multiple risks for low bone mineral density (BMD) without formal guidelines to guide testing. We sought to identify risk factors and patterns of BMD testing among institutionalized adults with ID/DD.MethodsWe evaluated risk factors for low BMD (Z‐/T‐score < −1) and patterns of BMD testing among adults with ID/DD receiving care at a state‐run residential facility. Kruskal–Wallis, Fisher's exact and Pearson's chi‐squared tests were used as appropriate.ResultsOf the 140 eligible patients, only 44% ever had BMD testing of which 89% had low BMD. Median age at diagnosis was 42 years old. Individuals with low BMD were more likely to be older, non‐weight bearing, Caucasian and have severe cognitive delay.ConclusionsAdults with ID/DD in this facility had a high prevalence of low BMD. Further studies are needed to better characterize risk factors and inform screening within this high‐risk population.
Developmental changes in the cognitive and educational profiles of children and adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Authors: Tobia Valentina , Brigstocke Sophie , Hulme Charles , Snowling Margaret J 
Published: March 2017

Background22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is the most common microdeletion syndrome in humans. The presence of learning difficulty is reported in the majority of individuals with 22q11DS, but there is considerable heterogeneity in cognitive and educational profiles and in the age‐related changes.MethodVerbal, non‐verbal and spatial abilities, and educational attainment of 18 children and adolescents with 22q11DS were assessed at two time points 5 years apart.ResultsThere was a decline in full‐scale IQ, with a sharper decline in verbal than non‐verbal skills, whereas spatial abilities remained stable over time. Individual profile analysis revealed discrepancies between full‐scale IQ and reading skills, suggestive of “hyperlexia,” for more than two‐thirds of participants.ConclusionsThe relative strength in verbal ability observed in 22q11DS is more apparent when children are younger, and a more even cognitive profile is observed in older children and adolescents. Educational attainments keep pace with development, and literacy skills are globally higher than might be expected from full‐scale IQ.