bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Support for the predictive validity of the multifactor offender readiness model (MORM): forensic patients' readiness and engagement with therapeutic groups
Authors: Alemohammad Mehdi , Wood Jane L. , Tapp James , Moore Estelle , Skelly Alan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundTreatment non‐engagement in forensic health settings has ethical and economic implications. The multifactor offender readiness model (MORM) provides a framework for assessing treatment readiness across person, programme and contexts.AimsTo answer the following question: Are the internal factors of the MORM associated with likelihood of engagement in groups by patients in forensic mental health services?MethodIn a retrospective design, associations were investigated between internal factors of the MORM, measured as part of assessment for group participation, and the outcomes of treatment refusal, treatment dropout and treatment completion.ResultsOne hundred and eighteen male patients in a high security hospital consecutively referred for group treatment agreed to participate. Internal factors of the MORM associated with treatment refusals included: psychopathic cognition, negative self‐evaluation/affect and effective goal‐seeking strategies. Those associated with dropouts included emotional dysregulation, low competencies to engage and low levels of general distress. MORM factors associated with completion included: low motivation, ineffective goal‐seeking strategies, absence of psychopathic cognition, high levels of general distress and competency to engage.ConclusionsInternal factors of the MORM could be useful contributors to decisions about treatment readiness for hospitalised male offender‐patients. Up to one in three programmes offered were refused, so clinical use of the MORM to aid referral decisions could optimise the most constructive use of resources for every individual. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative clinical and psychosocial benefits of tooth bleaching: different light activation of a 38% peroxide gel in a preliminary case–control study
Authors: Calderini Angelo , Sciara Simona , Semeria Chiara , Pantaleo Giuseppe , Polizzi Elisabetta 
Published: June 2016

Key Clinical MessageTooth bleaching is a widespread dental treatment with important psychosocial antecedents and outcomes involved. In the activation of in‐office bleaching agents, a selective light radiation, that is, a diode laser seems to be a positive choice to decrease the time of bleaching without surface modification and with no residual tooth sensitivity for maximum effect and minimal clinical and psychological side effects.
Spectroscopic, Electrochemical and Computational Characterisation of Ru Species Involved in Catalytic Water Oxidation: Evidence for a [RuV(O)(Py2Metacn)] Intermediate
Authors: Casadevall Carla , Codolà Zoel , Costas Miquel , Lloret‐Fillol Julio 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA new family of ruthenium complexes based on the N‐pentadentate ligand Py2Metacn (N‐methyl‐N′,N′′‐bis(2‐picolyl)‐1,4,7‐triazacyclononane) has been synthesised and its catalytic activity has been studied in the water‐oxidation (WO) reaction. We have used chemical oxidants (ceric ammonium nitrate and NaIO4) to generate the WO intermediates [RuII(OH2)(Py2Metacn)]2+, [RuIII(OH2)(Py2Metacn)]3+, [RuIII(OH)(Py2Metacn)]2+ and [RuIV(O)(Py2Metacn)]2+, which have been characterised spectroscopically. Their relative redox and pH stability in water has been studied by using UV/Vis and NMR spectroscopies, HRMS and spectroelectrochemistry. [RuIV(O)(Py2Metacn)]2+ has a long half‐life (>48 h) in water. The catalytic cycle of WO has been elucidated by using kinetic, spectroscopic, 18O‐labelling and theoretical studies, and the conclusion is that the rate‐determining step is a single‐site water nucleophilic attack on a metal‐oxo species. Moreover, [RuIV(O)(Py2Metacn)]2+ is proposed to be the resting state under catalytic conditions. By monitoring CeIV consumption, we found that the O2 evolution rate is redox‐controlled and independent of the initial concentration of CeIV. Based on these facts, we propose herein that [RuIV(O)(Py2Metacn)]2+ is oxidised to [RuV(O)(Py2Metacn)]2+ prior to attack by a water molecule to give [RuIII(OOH)(Py2Metacn)]2+. Finally, it is shown that the difference in WO reactivity between the homologous iron and ruthenium [M(OH2)(Py2Metacn)]2+ (M=Ru, Fe) complexes is due to the difference in the redox stability of the key MV(O) intermediate. These results contribute to a better understanding of the WO mechanism and the differences between iron and ruthenium complexes in WO reactions.
Inherently Chiral Spider‐Like Oligothiophenes
Authors: Sannicolò Francesco , Mussini Patrizia R. , Benincori Tiziana , Martinazzo Rocco , Arnaboldi Serena , Appoloni Giulio , Panigati Monica , Quartapelle Procopio Elsa , Marino Valentina , Cirilli Roberto , Casolo Simone , Kutner Wlodzimer , Noworyta Krysztof , Pietrzyk‐Le Agnieszka , Iskierko Zofia , Bartold Katarzina 
Published: June 2016

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are the groups of F. Sannicolò, P. R. Mussini and R. Martinazzo (University of Milan, Italy), T. Benincori (University of Insubria, Italy), and W. Kutner (Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland). The image depicts the spider (S)‐T83 in a highly selective chiral web, in which enantiomorphic insects (l‐ and d‐DOPA, R‐ and S‐FcA) are differently entrapped. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201504899.
One‐Step Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticle‐Decorated Hydroxyapatite Nanowires for the Construction of Highly Flexible Free‐Standing Paper with High Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Xiong Zhi‐Chao , Zhu Ying‐Jie , Chen Fei‐Fei , Sun Tuan‐Wei , Shen Yue‐Qin 
Published: June 2016

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Ying‐Jie Zhu at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The image depicts a highly flexible and free‐standing paper with high antibacterial activity made from silver nanoparticle‐decorated ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201601438.
Scherzonen
Authors: Sturm Robert 
Published: June 2016

AbstractInnerhalb von Scherzonen, entlang derer die Verschiebung unterschiedlich großer Einheiten der Erdkruste erfolgt, kommt es durch chemische Reaktionen zu einem Umbau der Gesteinsmineralogie. Diese metamorphe Umwandlung erfährt vom Rand zum Zentrum der Scherzone eine fortwährende Intensitätssteigerung und wird von Druck, Temperatur und dem eventuellen Vorhandensein einer fluiden Phase kontrolliert. Wie anhand eines konkreten Beispiels demonstriert wird, sind für die chemische Massenbilanzierung in einer Scherzone neben der chemischen Analyse von Edukt und Produkt vor allem Veränderungen der Dichte und des Volumens zu dokumentieren. Diese entscheiden darüber, ob ein iso‐ oder anisochemischer Umwandlungsprozess vorliegt.
Decomposition of cyclohexyl hydroperoxide over bimetallic mesoporous materials containing cobalt and chromium
Authors: Li Lixia , Wu Zhaowei , Guo Lulu , Yuan Xia 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBimetallic mesoporous Co‐Cr‐TUD‐1 and its counterparts Co‐TUD‐1 and Cr‐TUD‐1 were synthesized by a direct hydrothermal treatment (DHT) method with triethanolamine as a template. The products were characterized by many techniques. Results show that Co and Cr are incorporated into the framework of TUD‐1. The catalytic behaviours of the samples were tested in decomposition of cyclohexyl hydroperoxide (CHHP). Co‐Cr‐TUD‐1 (Si/(Co + Cr) = 25) shows the highest catalytic efficiency with a CHHP conversion of 96.9 % and total selectivity of cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol of 95.9 %, which outperforms Co‐TUD‐1 and Cr‐TUD‐1 and indicates a synergistic effect between Co and Cr in Co‐Cr‐TUD‐1. The catalysts are mainly heterogeneous as shown in various experiments, while the catalytic performances of recovered catalysts declined modestly, indicating non‐negligible amounts of Co and Cr are leached after some cycles.
Simulated transcatheter aortic valve deformation: A parametric study on the impact of leaflet geometry on valve peak stress
Authors: Li Kewei , Sun Wei 
Published: June 2016

SummaryIn this study, we developed a computational framework to investigate the impact of leaflet geometry of a transcatheter aortic valve (TAV) on the leaflet stress distribution, aiming at optimizing TAV leaflet design to reduce its peak stress. Utilizing a generic TAV model developed previously [Li and Sun, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2010. 38(8): 2690–2701], we first parameterized the 2D leaflet geometry by mathematical equations, then by perturbing the parameters of the equations, we could automatically generate a new leaflet design, remesh the 2D leaflet model and build a 3D leaflet model from the 2D design via a Python script. Approximately 500 different leaflet designs were investigated by simulating TAV closure under the nominal circular deployment and physiological loading conditions. From the simulation results, we identified a new leaflet design that could reduce the previously reported valve peak stress by about 5%. The parametric analysis also revealed that increasing the free edge width had the highest overall impact on decreasing the peak stress. A similar computational analysis was further performed for a TAV deployed in an abnormal, asymmetric elliptical configuration. We found that a minimal free edge height of 0.46 mm should be adopted to prevent central backflow leakage. This increase of the free edge height resulted in an increase of the leaflet peak stress. Furthermore, the parametric study revealed a complex response surface for the impact of the leaflet geometric parameters on the peak stress, underscoring the importance of performing a numerical optimization to obtain the optimal TAV leaflet design. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stable Deep Doping of Vapor‐Phase Polymerized Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/Ionic Liquid Supercapacitors
Authors: Karlsson Christoffer , Nicholas James , Evans Drew , Forsyth Maria , Strømme Maria , Sjödin Martin , Howlett Patrick C. , Pozo‐Gonzalo Cristina 
Published: June 2016

AbstractLiquid‐solution polymerization and vapor‐phase polymerization (VPP) have been used to manufacture a series of chloride‐ and tosylate‐doped poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) carbon paper electrodes. The electrochemistry, specific capacitance, and specific charge were determined for single electrodes in 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium dicyanamide (emim dca) ionic liquid electrolyte. VPP‐PEDOT exhibits outstanding properties with a specific capacitance higher than 300 F g−1, the highest value reported for a PEDOT‐based conducting polymer, and doping levels as high as 0.7 charges per monomer were achieved. Furthermore, symmetric PEDOT supercapacitor cells with the emim dca electrolyte exhibited a high specific capacitance (76.4 F g−1) and high specific energy (19.8 Wh kg−1). A Ragone plot shows that the VPP‐PEDOT cells combine the high specific power of conventional (“pure”) capacitors with the high specific energy of batteries, a highly sought‐after target for energy storage.
Point process models for localization and interdependence of punctate cellular structures
Authors: Li Ying , Majarian Timothy D. , Naik Armaghan W. , Johnson Gregory R. , Murphy Robert F. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAccurate representations of cellular organization for multiple eukaryotic cell types are required for creating predictive models of dynamic cellular function. To this end, we have previously developed the CellOrganizer platform, an open source system for generative modeling of cellular components from microscopy images. CellOrganizer models capture the inherent heterogeneity in the spatial distribution, size, and quantity of different components among a cell population. Furthermore, CellOrganizer can generate quantitatively realistic synthetic images that reflect the underlying cell population. A current focus of the project is to model the complex, interdependent nature of organelle localization. We built upon previous work on developing multiple non‐parametric models of organelles or structures that show punctate patterns. The previous models described the relationships between the subcellular localization of puncta and the positions of cell and nuclear membranes and microtubules. We extend these models to consider the relationship to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and to consider the relationship between the positions of different puncta of the same type. Our results do not suggest that the punctate patterns we examined are dependent on ER position or inter‐ and intra‐class proximity. With these results, we built classifiers to update previous assignments of proteins to one of 11 patterns in three distinct cell lines. Our generative models demonstrate the ability to construct statistically accurate representations of puncta localization from simple cellular markers in distinct cell types, capturing the complex phenomena of cellular structure interaction with little human input. This protocol represents a novel approach to vesicular protein annotation, a field that is often neglected in high‐throughput microscopy. These results suggest that spatial point process models provide useful insight with respect to the spatial dependence between cellular structures. © 2016 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
On the generalization of attitude accessibility after repeated attitude expression
Authors: Descheemaeker Mathilde , Spruyt Adriaan , Fazio Russell H. , Hermans Dirk 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe more accessible an attitude is, the stronger is its influence on information processing and behavior. Accessibility can be increased through attitude rehearsal, but it remains unknown whether attitude rehearsal also affects the accessibility of related attitudes. To investigate this hypothesis, participants in an experimental condition repeatedly expressed their attitudes towards exemplars of several semantic categories during an evaluative categorization task. Participants in a control condition performed a non‐evaluative task with the same exemplars and evaluated unrelated attitude objects. After a 30‐minute interval, participants in the experimental condition were faster than controls to evaluate not only the original exemplars but also novel exemplars of the same categories. This finding suggests that the effect of attitude rehearsal on accessibility generalizes to attitudes towards untrained but semantically related attitude objects. © 2016 The Authors. European Journal of Social Psychology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of incident angles of P waves on the dynamic responses of long lined tunnels
Authors: Huang Jing‐Qi , Du Xiu‐Li , Jin Liu , Zhao Mi 
Published: June 2016

SummaryThe impact of the incident angle of earthquake motion on the seismic response of the long lined tunnels is studied. Based on the time‐domain finite element method with the viscous‐spring artificial boundary condition, the earthquake motion of oblique incidence is transformed into the equivalent nodal forces acting on the truncated boundary of finite element model. In the present work, the formulas of equivalent nodal forces for the plane P wave with arbitrary incident angle are deduced and implemented into the commercial software abaqus . The effectiveness of the formulas and its implementation are demonstrated by two numerical examples with the reference solutions. The proposed method is applied to investigate the seismic responses of the long lined tunnels under the obliquely incident P waves. The numerical results indicate that the seismic responses of the long lined tunnels are highly affected by the incident angles of P waves. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Throughput and energy efficiency‐based packet size optimisation of ARQ protocols in bacterial quorum communications
Authors: Bai Chenyao , Leeson Mark , Higgins Matthew D. , Lu Yi 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe discovery that bacteria use signalling molecules, which are released into the environment, to communicate with each other changed our general perception of organisms inhabiting the world. Nowadays, the term quorum sensing is used to describe the phenomenon whereby a coordinated population response is controlled by exchanging specific diffusible chemical signals called autoinducers, enabling a cluster of bacteria to regulate their gene expression and behaviour collectively and synchronously. Bacteria assess their own population and coordinate their actions through the synthesis, accumulation and subsequent sensing of autoinducers. In this work, a bacterial quorum communication system is introduced, which contains two clusters of bacteria, specifically Vibrio fischeri, a gram‐negative marine bacterium, as the transmitter node and receiver node, and the diffusive channel. The transmitted information is encoded into the concentration of autoinducers, with binary representation, and then, it is divided into frames for transmission. Automatic Repeat reQuest protocols are applied to achieve better reliability. In addition, this paper addresses the question of optimal frame size for data communication in this channel capacity and energy constrained bacterial quorum communication system. The optimal fixed frame length is determined for a set of channel parameters by maximising the throughput and energy efficiency matrix. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cell discharge correlates of posterior hypothalamic theta rhythm recorded in anesthetized rats and brain slices
Authors: Bocian Renata , Kłos‐Wojtczak Paulina , Caban Bartosz , Kowalczyk Tomasz , Kaźmierska Paulina , Konopacki Jan 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTKowalczyk et al. (Hippocampus 2014; 24:7‐20) were probably the first to conduct a systemic study of posterior hypothalamic area (PHa) theta rhythm in anesthetized rats. They demonstrated that local PHa theta field potentials were tail‐pinch resistant and could be generated in urethane‐anesthetized rats independently of ongoing hippocampal formation theta rhythm. These in vivo data were also confirmed in PHa slice preparations perfused with cholinergic agonist, carbachol. In the current experiments we extend our earlier observations concerning PHa theta rhythm. Specifically, PHa field potentials were analyzed in relation to the ongoing local cell firing repertoire. Single‐unit discharge patterns of cells localized in the posterior hypothalamic and supramammillary nuclei were characterized according to the criteria that was developed previously to classify theta‐related cells in the hippocampal formation. The present study demonstrated that in addition to the earlier described theta‐related cells (theta‐on, theta‐off and gating cells) the PHa also contains cells discharging in a very regular manner, which were labelled “timing cells”. This type of neuron has not been previously documented. We suggest that “timing cells” form a part of the ascending brainstem synchronizing pathway, provideing a regular rhythmic signal which facilitates the transduction of tonic discharges of cells localized in the brain stem into theta‐frequency rhythmic discharges. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of afforestation on groundwater recharge and water budgets in the western region of Uruguay
Authors: Silveira Luis , Gamazo Pablo , Alonso Jimena , Martínez Leticia 
Published: June 2016

AbstractUruguay has stimulated the development of its forest sector since the promulgation of Forest Law N° 15 939 in December of 1987. Nevertheless, the substitution of natural grasslands with forest plantations for industrial use has raised concerns regarding hydrological processes of groundwater recharge and water consumption involving evapotranspiration. The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of this substitution approach on water resources. Input data were collected from two small experimental watersheds of roughly 100–200 hectares located in western Uruguay. The watersheds are characterized by Eucalyptus Globulus ssp. Maidenni and natural grasslands for cattle use. Total rainfall, stream discharge, rainfall redistribution, soil water content and groundwater level data were collected. Groundwater recharge was estimated from water table fluctuations and from groundwater contributions to base flows. Seasonal and annual water budgets were computed from October of 2006 to September of 2014 to evaluate changes in the hydrological processes. The data show a decrease in annual specific discharge of roughly 17% for mean hydrological years and no conclusive effects on annual groundwater recharge in the forested watershed relative to the reference pasture watershed. Reduced annual specific discharge is equivalent to the mean annual interception. The computed actual annual evapotranspiration is consistent with international catchment measurements. Reduction rates vary seasonally and according to accumulated rainfall and its temporary distribution. The degree of specific discharge decline is particularly high for drier autumns and winters (32 to 28%) when the corresponding rainfall varies from 275 to 400 mm. These results are of relevance for water resources management efforts, as water uses downstream can be affected. These findings, based on a study period dominated by anomalous wet springs and summers and by dry autumns and winters, oppose earlier results based on 34 years of rainfall and discharge data drawn from Uruguayan large basins. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Atomic force microscopy combined with optical microscopy for cells investigation
Authors: Cascione Mariafrancesca , de Matteis Valeria , Rinaldi Rosaria , Leporatti Stefano 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThis review reports on the combined use of the atomic force microscopy (AFM) and several type of optical/fluorescence/laser scanning microscopy for investigating cells. It is shown that the hybrid systems of AFM with optical‐derived microscopies enable to study in detail cell surface properties (such as topography), their mechanical properties (e.g., Young's modulus) mechanotransduction phenomena and allow to gain insight into biological‐related pathways and mechanisms in the complex nanoworld of cells. Microsc. Res. Tech. 80:109–123, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.