bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristic microbial taxa and predicted functions of gut microbiome detected in clinically affected horses with colitis
Authors: KINOSHITA Yuta , NIWA Hidekazu , UENO Takanori 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In horses, the gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining both a healthy intestinal environment and general condition. Here, we aimed to identify characteristic gut microbial and functional changes in colitis horses by long amplicon sequencing targeting the rRNA operon. The intestinal contents of 23 horses with colitis were compared with those of 39 clinically healthy horses and 16 horses given antimicrobials. Alpha and beta diversities in the colitis horses differed significantly from those in the other two groups. Of the 291 taxa detected at the family level, 107 showed significant increases or decreases in relative abundance in the colitis horses. These 107 taxa included those that clearly play an important role in the intestinal tract, such as Verrucomicrobia, Barnesiellaceae, or Fibrobacteraceae, as well as many taxa with still unknown roles. Eight of 35 predicted functional categories in the colitis horses differed significantly from those in the healthy horses; in particular, the attenuated biodegradation and metabolism of xenobiotics might suggest the need for toxin adsorption therapy in colitis horses. These characteristic microbial and functional changes could be useful indicators in veterinary intervention attempts to control the gut microbiota for colitis prevention and treatment.
Causal relationship between gut microbiota, structural connectivity, and psoriasis: A Mendelian randomization
Authors: Huang Zirui , Lu Tao , Lin Jiahua , Ding Qike , Li Xiaoting , Lin Lihong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Previous studies have demonstrated a causal relationship between gut microbiota/structural connectivity and psoriasis. However, it is not clear whether structural connectivity act as mediator in the pathway from gut microbiota to psoriasis.
Methods
Based on genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we performed two-step MR-analysis in order to examine the role of structural connectivity (N = 26,333) as potential mediators between gut microbiota (N = 13,266) and psoriasis (N = 15,967). Summary statistics for gut microbiota were sourced from MiBioGen consortium, while the data of structural connectivity and psoriasis came from the GWAS catalog.
Results
Through MR analysis, we identified 2 gut microbiota and 15 inflammatory proteins related to psoriasis such as genus Coprococcus3 and LH Limbic to caudate (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.00–1.76, P = 0.048; OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.56–0.86, P = 0.001). After MVMR analysis, LH Limbic to caudate remained significant in relation to a decreased risk of psoriasis (P = 0.0005) while the association was no longer significant between genus Coprococcus3 and psoriasis (P = 0.121). The mediating effect was calculated as 0.047 (OR = 1.049, 95% CI: 1.006–1.109) accounting for 16.6% of the total effect.
Conclusion
Our study provides genetic evidence that in the pathway from gut microbiota to psoriasis, structural connectivity act as mediators.
Genetic causality between multiple sclerosis and atopic dermatitis: A univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xie Yuping , Liu Hongjin , Qiu Yingkun , Cao Yingping 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
We sought to estimate the genetic causal association between multiple sclerosis (MS) and atopic dermatitis (AD) and identify potential mediating factors.
Methods
We used univariable Mendelian randomization (UVMR) with inverse variance weighting (IVW) as the primary study method to estimate the causal effect of MS on AD, supplemented by weighted median and MR Egger validation analyses. Furthermore, we conducted a reverse MR analysis. Sensitivity analyses were performed using Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, leave-one-out, and funnel plot analysis to evaluate the robustness of the MR findings. Additionally, multivariable MR (MVMR) was employed to estimate the direct causal effect of MS on the risk of AD.
Results
UVMR analysis demonstrated a genetic predisposition associated with the risk of MS and AD with an odds ratio of 1.10 (95% Confidence Interval: 1.05 to 1.15, P = 1.87 × 10^−5). Consistent results were observed after adjusting for potential confounders, including Body Mass Index (BMI), telomere length, vitamin deficiencies, and smoking-related factors in MVMR analyses. However, following adjustment for C-reactive protein, serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and smoking status as confounders, MS was no longer identified as a risk factor for AD.
Conclusions
The findings indicate that while there may be a genetic link between MS and AD, the causal pathway is complex and influenced by multiple biological and environmental factors. Further research is needed to elucidate these interactions and their implications for disease prevention and treatment strategies.
The role of time spent in unpaid domestic work on educational outcomes among adolescents and young adults: Quantitative evidence from India
Authors: Sharma Anupam , Shah Ankita 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Higher education among youth is crucial for India's socio-economic development. Despite policy efforts, challenges persist in retaining students beyond elementary school and improving inclusivity and education quality. Using the UDAYA dataset from Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, we examined how unpaid domestic work affects educational outcomes. Findings from survey-adjusted logistic regression models showed that more time spent on unpaid domestic work was associated with greater likelihood of discontinuing education, absenteeism, and lesser likelihood of reading and arithmetic abilities among 12–23 years old, with some evidence of greater burden among girls. This relationship was attenuated by investing more time in academically productive work. There is need for targeted educational interventions for disadvantaged youth and emphasize the importance of expanding quality public services to reduce the burden of unpaid domestic work on young people. Introduction
The human cost of current and recommended diets in the U.S.
Authors: Sparks Jessica Decker , Rodríguez-Huerta Edgar , Bell Brooke , Battaglia Kyra , Marquez Alejandra Sofia , Matteson Julia , Norris Catherine Benoît , Conrad Zach , Jackson Bethany , Blackstone Nicole Tichenor 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Modeling research on sustainable diets has primarily focused on human and planetary health, while neglecting the social dimension of sustainability, despite the agricultural and fishing sector’s significant global employment and high forced labor rates. To address this gap, our prior work developed a forced labor risk scoring method and applied it to the U.S. food supply. Expanding on this, we assess forced labor risk in current U.S. diets, three U.S.-specific recommended dietary patterns, and the EAT-Lancet Planetary Health Diet. We find that the forced labor risk is highest in the Mediterranean-Style and the U.S.-Style recommended patterns and is lowest in the Planetary Health Diet pattern, with the biggest differences driven by intake of fruit, dairy, and red meat. These results highlight synergies and tradeoffs between human health, environmental sustainability, and social well-being that should be considered in dialogue and action on sustainable diets.
Novel thermoresponsive ether-based electrolyte for wide-temperature operating lithium metal batteries
Authors: Min Yulin , gu rong , Zhang Da , Xu Shengtao , Guo Xiaoyu , Jiang Hua , Sheng ZhiMeng , xu qunjie , xu jinting , Zhu Sheng , Liao Kexuan , Gong Shuaiqi , shi Penghui 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Developing wide-temperature range and safety electrolytes for lithium metal batteries (LMBs) is expected to possess high redox interfacial stability, rapid kinetics and intrinsic safety. However, traditional electrolytes are rarely able to satisfy all of these characteristics simultaneously, often exhibiting preference for one over the other. Herein, we present a novel ether-based thermoresponsive electrolyte, that are designed by temperature-dependent Li+ solvation structure and forming polycrystalline electrode/electrolyte interface, can achieve the above characteristics at conventional salt concentration. The solvation sheath in the novel electrolyte is reconstructed by 1,3,5-trioxane (TO), accelerating the dissociation and charge transfer kinetics of anions. TO also induces cationic-ring-opening polymerization of tetrahydrofuran solvent molecules at 60 oC to produce oxidation-resistant ether-based polymers, which enhances the high-temperature performance and safety of LMBs. Consequently, the Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) cells using this thermoresponsive electrolyte operate well over a wide temperature range (from −60 to 60 oC). Besides, the Li||NCM811 pouch cell (1.5 Ah) achieve a high capacity-retention of 74.7% after 60 cycles at −40 °C, accompanied by an impressive energy density of 317.1 Wh kg−1.
Increasing summertime penetrative shortwave radiation and its weakening effect on the seasonal cycle in mid-latitude oceans
Authors: Tian Feng , Zhang Ronghua 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The seasonal cycle of sea surface temperature (SST) in the mid-latitude ocean is projected to be strengthened with greater warming in the summer hemisphere under global warming. Influenced by the phytoplankton pigment and mixed layer depth, a fraction of the shortwave radiation penetrates out of the bottom of the mixed layer (hereafter Qpen), which significantly affects the seasonal cycle of the SST. However, how the Qpen will change under a warmer climate and its effect on the seasonal cycle of SST remain unknown. Here, we show that the summertime Qpen increases by 3.9 (3.7) ± 1.9 (1.6) W m− 2 in the northern (southern) mid-latitude oceans during the second half of the 21st century by analyzing state-of-the-art Earth System Models simulations. This remarkable increase in Qpen is mainly due to the shoaling of the mixed layer and partly to the reduction in chlorophyll concentration, which contributes significantly to the increase in Qpen due to its greater sensitivity to shortwave penetration depth in mid-latitude oceans. The enhanced summertime Qpen tends to efficiently weaken the amplitude of the summertime SST by ~ 0.3°C month− 1, whereby it mitigates the increase in net surface heat flux associated with greenhouse gas warming. These significant changes in Qpen highlight the significance of quantifying Qpen effects and future ocean phytoplankton-induced heating feedbacks in mid-latitude seasonal cycles.
Who drives weight stigma? A multinational exploration of clustering characteristics behind weight bias against preconception, pregnant, and postpartum women
Authors: Hailu Haimanot , Rodriguez Angela C. Incollingo , Rodriguez Anthony , Skouteris Helen , Hill Briony 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Weight bias is a global health challenge and community members are endorsed as the most common source of weight bias. The nature of weight biases specifically against preconception, pregnant, and postpartum (PPP) women from the perspective of community members is not known, especially in terms of cross-cultural trends. We investigated the magnitude of explicit and implicit weight bias and profiles of characteristics associated with harbouring weight bias.
Methods
We conducted a multinational investigation of clusters of factors associated with weight bias against PPP women (May - July 2023). Community members from Australia, Canada, United States (US), United Kingdom (UK), Malaysia, and India completed a cross-sectional survey measuring explicit and implicit weight biases, beliefs about weight controllability, and awareness of sociocultural body ideals. Hierarchical multiple regression and latent profile analyses identified clusters of factors associated with weight bias.
Results
Participants from India reported the lowest explicit weight bias (B = -0.45, p = 0.02). Participants from Australia (B = -0.14, p = 0.04) and the UK (B = -0.16, p = 0.02) (vs. US) reported the lowest implicit weight bias. Three distinct profiles were identified clustering on body mass index (BMI) and weight-controllability beliefs: low-BMI/moderate-beliefs, high-BMI/more biased beliefs, and high-BMI/less biased beliefs. Profile membership varied by country of residence and weight bias outcomes with low-BMI/moderate-beliefs profiles containing more people from non-Western countries and with low explicit weight bias.
Conclusions
Explicit and implicit weight bias was harboured by participants across all included nations, although less pronounced in non-Western countries. Our profiles highlight that individuals who held a stronger belief that weight is controllable, regardless of their body weight, should be targeted for interventions to eliminate weight stigma.
Dynamic Responses of Germination Characteristics and Antioxidant Systems to Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Seed Aging Based on Transcriptome
Authors: Sun Shoujiang , Mi Chunjiao , Ma Wen , Mao Peisheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Seed aging poses a significant challenge to agronomic production and germplasm conservation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly involved in the aging process. However, dynamic response of germination characteristics and antioxidant system to seed aging are not yet very clear. This study explored the potential physiological mechanisms responsible for the reduced and rapid loss of seed vigor in alfalfa, and identified key genes regulating seed vigor. The germination percentage exhibited a decreased trend with the prolongation of aging duration. From 16 to 32 days of aging, the antioxidant enzyme activities of SOD, POD, CAT, DHAR and MDHAR declined significantly, which lead to the disruption of ROS balance and a significant increase in ROS levels, exacerbating seed aging. Based on transcriptome, 29 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including SOD1, APX-2 and GST-7 within the ROS scavenging system showed a significantly down-regulated expression trend at aging of 16 and 24 days, indicating the abnormal function of antioxidant metabolism. Furthermore, some related genes including ATPF1B, ATPeF0C-3, NDUFS1, NDUFS3 and ND2 in the mitochondrial ETC exhibited a downturn following seed aging, which would result in the losing of seed vigor. This study has uncovered a significant array of potential target genes within the seed antioxidant system and mitochondrial ETC. These discoveries offer a wider lens for delving into the molecular regulatory mechanisms of seed aging. Further research is crucial to comprehensively elucidate the precise pathways through which these pivotal genes regulate seed vigor.
Time series data-based classification using combined 1D- CNN-GRU for Seizure detection and prediction
Authors: GHEZALA CHEKHMANE , Radhwane Benali 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Epilepsy is a malfunction of nervous system that it changes the quality of human’s life, and it is caused by many factors. Therefore, the diagnosis of this disease needs the acquisition of the electrical activity of brain which called electroencephalography (EEG) technique. Thus, EEG signals (EEGs) recorded are widely used for epileptic seizure detection and prediction. However, to investigate these process, convolutional neural network (CNN) and deep recurrent network (DRN) are developed to automate the classification of EEGs. In the presented article, a proposed model combined both one-dimensional CNN (1D- CNN) and Gate Recurrent Unit (GRU) is established for EEGs analysis. Furthermore, the performance of this framework is evaluated by using the publicly available CHB-MIT dataset, and the classification between these conditions is examined. Moreover, the obtained results show higher accuracies of the proposed 1D-CNN-GRU and outperforms significantly previous works. Finally, this architecture is accurate and proves their efficacity in the task of epileptic seizure detection and prediction.
Impact of pre-existing subclinical depressive symptoms on the mental health of older adults during the COVID-19-related confinements.
Authors: Touron Edelweiss , Gonneaud Julie , Paly Léo , Delarue Marion , Hébert Oriane , Mézenge Florence , Fauvel Séverine , Vivien Denis , Sayette Vincent de La , Poisnel Géraldine , Marchant Natalie L. , Chételat Gaël , Group the Medit-Ageing Research 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly challenged mental health of populations worldwide. We aimed to assess changes in mental health of cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults with pre-existing subclinical depressive symptoms during pandemic-related confinements, and the factors that could modulate these changes. CU older adults with (DepS, n=53) and without (NoDepS, n=47) pre-existing subclinical depressive symptoms (defined using the Geriatric Depression Scale at baseline) from the Age-Well randomized controlled trial (NCT02977819) were included – for whom data at baseline, post-intervention visits and during the two national confinements were available. The 18-month meditation or non-native language training intervention was completed before the pandemic. DepS, compared to NoDepS, had higher levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms at all assessments, including confinements. DepS had a greater increase in anxiety than NoDepS between the two confinements, and this increase was associated with greater ruminative brooding at baseline, but was not moderated by meditation practice. Pre-existing subclinical depressive symptoms in older adults contribute to mental health deterioration during confinements, with rumination being the main factor involved – stressing the need to treat these symptoms.
Prediction of concrete sulfuric acid corrosion evaluation index model based on grey system theory
Authors: Lin Mingqiang , Zeng Qinglong , Dai Fengjuan , Zhang Ran 
Published: September 2024

In order to predict the impact of sulfate corrosion on concrete, based on grey system theory, GM(1,1) and GM(1, N) models were used to predict and analyze the compressive strength and relative dynamic elastic modulus of concrete under sulfuric acid corrosion. The results show that the prediction error of the GM(1,1) model for concrete sulfate corrosion attenuation is within 5 %, and the residual size test of the GM(1, N) model for concrete sulfate corrosion is within 10 %.
Antioxidant Properties of Teucrium polium Extract Contribute to Neurochemical and Brain Structural Modulations in Nicotine-Induced Mice
Authors: Alatawi Afaf A. , Ajarem Jamaan S. , Alarifi Saud A. , Al-Quraishy Saleh A. , Al-Shaebi Esam M. , Alawwad Sarah A. , Herqash Rashed N. , Khadrawy Sally M. , Ahmed Noha A. , Wang Chuanyi , Maodaa Saleh N. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Tobacco use is a major global health issue linked to psychiatric illnesses
and high mortality rates. Nicotine, the primary compound absorbed during smoking,
causes harm to various organs, particularly the brain. The current study examined the modulatory
effect of Teucrium polium extract (TPE) on nicotine-induced biochemical and histological
changes in the brains of mice.

Methods:
Twenty-four mice were divided into four groups and were treated for three weeks.
Group one was the control; Group two received 100 mg/kg TPE orally; Group three was subcutaneously
injected with 2.5 mg/kg nicotine, and Group four received both nicotine and TPE.

Results:
The brain tissue of the nicotine-induced group showed histopathological alterations
and oxidative stress as indicated by increased lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels concomitant
with decreased glutathione content and superoxide dismutase activity. DNA fragmentation
was also detected by comet assay. Treatment with TPE significantly decreased oxidative stress
and DNA fragmentation while increasing antioxidant biomarkers. Histopathological changes
were also diminished.

Conclusion:
Through the antioxidant activity of TPE, it protected against nicotine-induced neurotoxicity
in mice by impacting oxidative stress, DNA fragmentation, and brain histopathological
changes.
Anti-Mullerian Hormone Induces Foxo1 and Sirt1 Genes Expression in Mouse Ovary
Authors: Abouzeid Hoda M. , Hashad Ingy M. , Rady Mona , Abdel- Maksoud Sahar M. 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) plays a pivotal role in follicular
growth and atresia. Recent studies highlighted the role of AMH in attenuating granulosa cell
apoptosis and subsequent follicular atresia. Despite the raising understanding of the role of
AMH in folliculogenesis, and its contribution to the pathophysiology of certain diseases such as
polycystic ovary syndrome, the effect of AMH on the expression of genes regulating folliculogenesis
is stills limited.

Objective:
This study aims to gain insights into the effect of AMH on atresia regulating genes.

Method:
In vivo study was performed on C57BL/6J mice injected with AMH for one month.
Thereafter, relative gene expression quantification of Foxo1, Sirt1, p53, Bim, and Bax genes
were performed using RT-PCR.

Results:
In this study, AMH significantly enhanced the expression of Foxo1 and Sirt1 gene
compared to the control group. On the contrary, AMH did not modulate the expression of p53,
Bim, or Bax genes. AMH was also found to increase serum FSH and LH levels in a dosedependent
manner.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrated the capability of AMH to induce Foxo1 and Sirt1 genes.
Moreover, our study revealed the role of AMH in elevating LH serum level which is a main
contributor to the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome, opening new avenues for the
study of AMH as a main contributor to the stalled follicular atresia and growth associated with
the disease.
Exploring the Neuroprotective Potential of Icariin through Modulation of Neural Pathways in the Treatment of Neurological Diseases
Authors: Sharma Sarthak , Mehan Sidharth , Khan Zuber , Tiwari Aarti , Kumar Aakash , Gupta Ghanshyam Das , Narula Acharan S . , Kalfin Reni 
Published: September 2024

Abstract:
Neuropathological diseases involve the death of neurons and the
aggregation of proteins with altered properties in the brain. Proteins are used at the
molecular level to categorize neurodegenerative disorders, emphasizing the
importance of protein-processing mechanisms in their development. Natural herbal
phytoconstituents, such as icariin, have addressed these neurological complications.
Icariin, the principal compound in Epimedium, has been studied for its antineuroinflammatory,
anti-oxidative, and antiapoptotic properties. Recent scientific
investigations have shown that icariin exhibits promising therapeutic and preventive
properties for mental and neurodegenerative disorders. In preclinical, icariin has been
shown to inhibit amyloid development and reduce the expression of APP and BACE-1.
Previous preclinical studies have demonstrated that icariin can regulate
proinflammatory responses in neurological conditions like Parkinson's disease,
depression, cerebral ischemia, ALS, and multiple sclerosis. Studies have shown that
icariin possesses neuroprotective properties by modulating signaling pathways and
crossing the blood-brain barrier, suggesting its potential to address various
neurocomplications. This review aims to establish a foundation for future clinical
investigations by examining the existing literature on icariin and exploring its potential
therapeutic implications in treating neurodegenerative disorders and neuropsychiatric
conditions. Future research may address numerous concerns and yield captivating
findings with far-reaching implications for various aspects of icariin.