bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution of feline AB blood types: a review of frequencies and its implications in the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Vieira Sandrina M , Ferreira Rui R F , de Matos Augusto JF , Cardoso Inês M , Graça Rita M C , Soares Ana RPB , Blasi-Brugué Carles , Sánchez Ignacio M , Gopegui Rafael R 
Published: September 2017

Objectives The objective of this study was to document the prevalence of feline blood types in the Iberian Peninsula and to determine the potential risk of incompatibility-related transfusion reactions in unmatched transfusions and the potential risk of neonatal isoerythrolysis (NI) in kittens born to parents of unknown blood type. Methods Blood samples were obtained from blood donors of the Animal Blood Bank (BSA-Banco de Sangue Animal). Blood typing was performed using a card method (RapidVet-H Feline Blood Typing; MDS). Results The studied population comprised 1070 purebred and non-purebred cats from Portugal and Spain aged between 1 and 8 years. Overall, frequencies of blood types A and B were 96.5% and 3.5%, respectively. No AB cats were found. Based on these data, the potential risks of NI and transfusion reactions in unmatched transfusions were calculated to be 6.8% and 2.8%, respectively. Conclusions and relevance Unlike previous studies, no type AB cats were found in this study. Although the calculated potential risks of transfusion reaction in unmatched transfusions and neonatal isoerythrolysis were low, blood typing prior to blood transfusion and blood typing of cats for breeding purposes are highly recommended.
Substituent Effect on the Photochemical and Photophysical Properties of 4,4′-Distyrylbiphenyl Derivatives
Authors: Sakurai Hiroya , Arai Tatsuo 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Photochemical properties of 4,4′-distyrylbiphenyl (DSBP) derivatives have been studied. While the introduction of methoxy groups at meta-positions does not influence the photoisomerization of DSBP, the introduction of methyl substituents at the biphenyl moiety (MDSBP) changed the photoisomerization from one-way cis-to-trans photoisomerization for DSBP to cis–trans mutual photoisomerization for MDSBP.
Optimal robust stabilizer design based on UPFC for interconnected power systems considering time delay
Authors: Koofigar Hamid Reza , Isazadeh Ghader 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA robust auxiliary wide area damping controller is proposed for a unified power flow controller (UPFC). The mixedH2/H∞problem with regional pole placement, resolved by linear matrix inequality (LMI), is applied for controller design. Based on modal analysis, the optimal wide area input signals for the controller are selected. The time delay of input signals, due to electrical distance from the UPFC location is taken into account in the design procedure. The proposed controller is applied to a multi-machine interconnected power system from the IRAN power grid. It is shown that the both transient and dynamic stability are significantly improved despite different disturbances and loading conditions.
Improving sensitivity of residual current transformers to high frequency earth fault currents
Authors: Czapp Stanislaw , Dobrzynski Krzysztof , Klucznik Jacek , Lubosny Zbigniew , Kowalak Robert 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
For protection against electric shock in low voltage systems residual current devices are commonly used. However, their proper operation can be interfered when high frequency earth fault current occurs. Serious hazard of electrocution exists then. In order to detect such a current, it is necessary to modify parameters of residual current devices, especially the operating point of their current transformer. The authors proposed the modification in the structure of residual current devices. This modification improves sensitivity of residual current devices when high frequency earth fault current occurs. The test of the modified residual current device proved that the authors’ proposition is appropriate.
Study on the impact of electric vehicle charging load on nodal voltage deviation
Authors: Ma Gang , Jiang Linru , Chen Yixi , Dai Chenyue , Ju Rong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe promotion and application of electric vehicles will contribute to the solution of several problems, such as energy shortage and environmental pollution, and the achievement of country economy and energy security. But a large-scale vehicle-to-grid system may cause adverse effects in the distribution network operation, the power network planning and such other parts. First, this paper collects the factors that influence the electric vehicle charging load and establishes the EV charging load model with a Monte-Carlo method. Then, we analyze the effect that the EV charging load made on the nodal voltage deviation under different permeability based on the IEEE30 node system. At last, this research gets the conclusion that the nodal voltage deviation is closely related to EV permeability, node type and node location. This research conclusion will provide practical guidance to the charging station planning.
Influence of the core saturation on the dynamic performance of the magnetostrictive actuator
Authors: Kowalski Krzysztof , Nowak Lech , Knypiński Łukasz , Idziak Paweł 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe paper considers the influence of core saturation on the dynamics of magnetostrictive fast-acting actuator. The field-circuit mathematical model of the dynamic operation of the capacitor-actuator system is applied. Two kinds of magnetostrictive core nonlinearity are taken into account. It has been proved that the saturation of theB-Hcurve practically does not affect the current, and capacitor voltage waveforms, but significantly affects a core elongation waveform. The computed results are compared with experimental ones.
Three-phase diode rectifier with current modulator in DC circuit based on multi-channel converter
Authors: Krystkowiak Michal , Gwóźdź Michal 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn the paper the 3-phase power diode rectifier system with quasi-sinusoidal input (power grid) current is presented. In order to benefit from it, the current modulation in the DC circuit of a rectifier is used. The essential part of the current modulator is the wide-band power electronics controlled current source based on a multi-channel converter. The control algorithm of the current modulator respects impact of aliasing phenomena at system stability by using the method proposed by the authors. The paper includes the rectifier system description and rules of operation of the current modulator. Also, some results of research on both the rectifier simulation model and the laboratory prototype of a current modulator are presented.
Resonant frequency stabilization technique in series-series contactless energy transfer systems
Authors: Marcinek M. , Hołub M. , Kalisiak S. , Pałka R. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA technique for stabilization of resonant frequency is proposed in this paper. An additional power circuit, a compensator that allows keeping constant resonance frequency was introduced by the authors. In the presented solution the resonant circuit frequency stabilization is achieved by forcing a zero phase shift between the current and the voltage of the main switching module.
Eddy current density asymmetric distribution of damper bars in bulb tubular turbine generator
Authors: Qiu Hongbo , Fan Xiaobin , Yi Ran , Feng Jianqin , Wu Jie , Yang Cunxiang , Zhao Haiyang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe major reasons that cause the damage of damper bars in the leeward side are found in this paper. It provides a route for the structure optimization design of a hydro generator. Firstly, capacity of a 24 MW bulb tubular turbine generator is taken as an example in this paper. The transient electromagnetic field model is established, and the correctness of the model is verified by the comparison of experimental results and simulation data. Secondly, when the generator is operated at rated condition, the eddy current density distributions of damper bars are studied. And the asymmetric phenomenon of the eddy current density on damper bars is discovered. The change laws of the eddy currents in damper bars are determined through further analysis. Thirdly, through the study of eddy current distributions under different conditions, it is confirmed that the stator slots and armature reaction are the main factors to affect the asymmetric distribution of the eddy current in damper bars. Finally, the studies of the magnetic density distribution and theoretical analysis revealed the asymmetric distribution mechanism of eddy current density.
Influence of different rotor magnetic circuit structure on the performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor
Authors: Qiu Hongbo , Yu Wenfei , Yang Cunxiang , Yi Ran 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn order to compare the performance difference of the permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) with different rotor structure, two kinds of rotor magnetic circuit structure with surface-mounted radial excitation and tangential excitation are designed respectively. By comparing and analyzing the results, the difference of the motor performance was determined. Firstly, based on the finite element method (FEM), the motor electromagnetic field performance was studied, and the magnetic field distribution of the different magnetic circuit structure was obtained. The influence mechanism of the different magnetic circuit structure on the air gap flux density was obtained by using the Fourier theory. Secondly, the cogging torque, output torque and overload capacity of the PMSM with different rotor structure were studied. The effect mechanism of the different rotor structure on the motor output property difference was obtained. The motor prototype with two kinds of rotor structure was manufactured, and the experimental study was carried out. By comparing the experimental data and simulation data, the correctness of the research is verified. This paper lays a foundation for the research on the performance of the PMSM with different magnetic circuit structure.
Electric and magnetic field of different transpositions of overhead power line
Authors: Deltuva Ramūnas , Lukočius Robertas 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn Lithuanian and Polish electric power supply systems, the power transmission lines of 400 kV voltage represent one of the most potential sources of electric and magnetic fields generation. The 400 kV double-circuit overhead power transmission line and its surrounding environment were herby described and simulated through Finite Element Method usingCOMSOL Multiphysicsoftware package. This study includes magnetic and electric field calculations. The study shows that the values of magnetic field strength and electric field strength present in the vicinity of a 400 kV overhead power transmission line tend to exceed limit values established in the Normative. Measurements are suggested to be taken for the purpose of finding maximum values of magnetic and electric field strength. To reduce these values, it is recommended to increase the height of supports, and restrict human personal and economic activities.
Biogeography-inspired multiobjective optimization for helping MEMS synthesis
Authors: Di Barba Paolo , Mognaschi Maria Evelina , Venini Paolo , Wiak Slavomir 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to assess the applicability of a multi-objective biogeography-based optimisation algorithm in MEMS synthesis. In order to test the performances of the proposed method in this research field, the optimal shape design of an electrostatic micromotor, and two different electro-thermo-elastic microactuators are considered as the case studies.
Temperature error of Hall-effect and magnetoresistive commercial magnetometers
Authors: Nowicki Michał , Kachniarz Maciej , Szewczyk Roman 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe paper presents a special measurement system for investigation of temperature influence on the indication of commercially available sensors of the magnetic field. Utilizing the developed system, several magnetoresistive and Hall-effect sensors were investigated within the temperature range from −30°C to 70°C. The obtained results indicate that sensitivity of most of the investigated sensors is unaffected, except the basic magnetoresistive device. However, Hall-effect sensors exhibit considerable temperature drift, regardless of the manufacturer.
Analysis of thermal stratified storage tank
Authors: Smusz Robert , Kielan Paweł , Mazur Damian 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The basic aim of the task is to compile a temperature stratification system in an accumulation tank. The range of the thesis concerns the shape and dimensions of a stratification system for an accumulation tank. Thermal stratification is a process that comprises the maintaining of temperature stratification at different levels of an accumulation tank which reduce to a minimum the process of temperature equalization. It results from the fact that the thermal stratification in a tank significantly increases the installation efficiency and improves the process of energy storing. It is connected with a thermodynamic element quality, that is the higher the temperature, the higher the energy, and, thus, the thermos-dynamic element quality. In this phenomenon, thanks to the same amount of accumulated thermal energy and average temperature, as in a fully mixed tank, the user has a higher temperature in the upper part of the tank at his disposal. It has significant importance in the case when there is a low-temperature heating medium that transfers heat to the accumulation tank. Such a situation occurs when heat is absorbed from synthetic freons used in cooling and air-conditioning systems.
Uncertainty of the magnetic flux linkage measurements performed by modified current decay test
Authors: Kowalik Zygmunt 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe paper presents the estimation methodology for uncertainties of magnetic flux linkage measurements, when the flux linkage and current functions with respect to time are obtained instead of single values of these quantities. The computed uncertainties are then used to estimate the quality of an approximation of a current-flux characteristic in the mathematical model of an electrical machine when the approximation is based on the results of measurements.
George Orwell’s Imperial Bestiary: Totemism, Animal Agency and Cross-Species Interaction in “Shooting an Elephant”, Burmese Days and “Marrakech”
Authors: Pordzik Ralph 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis essay argues that Orwell’s representation of animals as companion species offers a strikingly new, as-yet largely neglected view of animal agency and interiority in his work. In “Shooting an Elephant”, Burmese Days and “Marrakech”, the writer’s focus on the social reject is supplemented by a marked sense of community implying human tragedy yet framing it within precariously situated human-animal, colonial or urban-imperial transitions that visualise animals as agents of change and co-shaping species interdependent with the lives of the humans that utilize and domineer them. Animals are required whenever Orwell aspires to shift from isolation to communality, from the self-conscious outsider to the larger realm of ideas framing the world in which his characters strive to overstep the accepted lines of social performance and conformity. Read in and around disciplinary structures of rationalization, Orwell’s animals appear to secure themselves, quite paradoxically, a place within the normative anthropocentric framework excluding them. They extend beyond anthropomorphising or allegorical modes of description and open up bio-political perspectives within and across regimes of knowledge and empathy. Orwell’s writings thus present a challenge to the culturally accredited fantasy of human exceptionalism, collapsing any epistemic space between humans and animals and burying the idea of sustaining radical species distinction.
Effect of physical exercise on cortisol concentration and neutrophil oxygen metabolism in peripheral blood of horses
Authors: Krumrych Wiesław , Gołda Ryszard , Gołyński Marcin , Markiewicz Hanna , Buzała Mateusz 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of regular physical exercise on cortisol concentration and oxygen-dependent bactericidal activity of neutrophils in peripheral blood in recreational and competitive sport horses (racehorses - Ra, trotters - T, jumping horses - J, driving horses - D). The study was conducted on 55 clinically healthy horses. Blood samples were collected from the external jugular vein three times: before exercise, immediately after exercise, and after 30-min rest. Blood samples were subjected to haematological examination, cortisol concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and neutrophil oxygen metabolism of neutrophils was determined using a chemiluminescence method. The analysis showed that cortisol concentration was significantly higher (P<0.05) post-exercise only in the blood of sport horses. This finding, along with a significant correlation (P<0.00005) with the heart and respiratory rates, suggests that the magnitude of cortisol secretion is associated with the intensity and duration of exercise. The relatively small post-exercise increase in cortisol concentration during different exercises of horses resulted in a transient increase of chemiluminescence activity of neutrophils, mainly in D (P<0.00001) and J horses (P<0.01). In the studied groups analysis of the correlation between cortisol concentration and other parameters showed significant correlation only in the case of the CL total in T (P<0.02) and D horses (P<0.004). It is therefore apparent that in a limited concentration, this hormone may stimulate the activity of these cells, although the effect of other neurohormonal factors cannot be excluded. This result confirms that regular and moderate training loads have a beneficial effect on the immunological status of horses.
The effect of water vapor pressure on muscle collagen solubility and selected characteristics of the longissimus lumborum muscle in crossbred cattle
Authors: Głowińska Beata , Młynek Krzysztof , Dzido Alicja , Salomończyk Ewa 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Most scientific studies are dedicated to the possibility of preparing beef for consumption under industrial conditions. Few publications are devoted to the issue of collagen thermohydrolysis in conditions available to the consumer. This study has analyzed the effect of small values of water vapor pressure on major culinary indices and chemical components of the longissimus lumborum muscle obtained from bulls with different growth rates. The experiment involved 48 animals. On the basis of the gain during the fattening time, the animals were divided into a low growth intensity group, with a daily body weight gain of ≤900 g, and a high growth intensity group with a daily gain of >900 g/day. A part of the samples of the longissimus lumborum muscle (control) was thermally treated in a water bath at 75°C. Another part was heat treated in a pressure-pot at 150°C, at a pressure of 0.1 MPa. The next part of samples was subjected to the same temperature, but the pressure was 0.2 MPa. The obtained results indicate that the values of the studied indices were largely affected by thermal processing parameters rather than the animals’ growth rate. The highest contents of total protein and water-soluble collagen were obtained in the case of a temperature of 150°C and the highest pressure (0.2 MPa). Water vapor with increased temperature and pressure also created favorable conditions for obtaining better meat tenderness and more favorable values of the water holding capacity. The latter characteristic appeared to be strongly connected with an increasing amount of water-soluble collagen, which was confirmed by relatively high values of the correlation coefficient between these characteristics. A strong positive correlation was also shown between thermal drip and the total collagen content in meat.
Freshwater turtle nutrition – a review of scientific and practical knowledge
Authors: Rawski Mateusz , Mans Christoph , Kierończyk Bartosz , Świątkiewicz Sylwester , Barc Aneta , Józefiak Damian 
Published: September 2017

AbstractFreshwater turtles are commonly kept in captivity as pets, bred in zoos for conservation programs, and commercially farmed for pet markets and human consumption, but their nutrition can be challenging. However, based on practical experience, two main strategies may be identified: the use of non-calculated raw diets and the use of balanced commercial feeds. Raw diets are based on fresh, frozen and dried components including invertebrates, fish, rodents and plant matter; they imitate the variety of foods that are accessible to turtles in the wild and are considered most useful when turtles are bred for reintroduction into their natural habitat as part of conservation programs. Granulated, pelleted or extruded commercial diets are frequently used for farmed and pet turtles; they contain animal- and plant-based materials supplemented with vitamin and mineral premixes and calculated to reach the nutrient levels assumed to be optimal for most species. Until more species-specific information on the nutritional requirements of freshwater turtles is available, the Chinese softshell turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis), a commonly commercially farmed species for human consumption, may be used as a reference for other species in terms of suggested nutrient levels. Based on experimental data, the most important nutrients and their levels that should be included in turtle diets are crude protein (39.0-46.5%), crude fat (8.8%), Ca (5.7%), P (3.0%), methionine (1.03%), and cysteine (0.25%). The diet composition for freshwater turtles should be based on scientific knowledge and practical experience, so this paper aimed to present and discuss the available data on the nutrient requirements of turtles and the characteristics of the feed materials used in their nutrition.