bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recreando Alejandría, dos visiones distintas de la misma ciudad: Los decorados digitales de la película "Ágora" y la pieza estereoscópica "Alejandría, el sueño de Alejandro Magno"
Authors: Piñas Azpitarte Magoga 
Published: January 2016

<p>Since we digitally reconstructed the same city for two different projects set in two different historical time frames, we have the perfect opportunity to analyze their differences in scope, methodology and techniques.<br />For the film "Agora", the digital city is just a backdrop in which the action takes place. The play is set in the in the IV Century B.C. and the city is seen through hyperrealistic images made by visual effects techniques.<br />In the audiovisual program/documentary/show? "Alexandria, Alexander the Great`s Dream", the city plays a main roll. The action is set in the Ptolemaic period, and the city is shown by way of 3D stereoscopic images and animation techniques.</p>
Range of Motion Requirements for Upper-Limb Activities of Daily Living
Authors: Gates Deanna H. , Walters Lisa Smurr , Cowley Jeffrey , Wilken Jason M. , Resnik Linda 
Published: December 2015

AbstractOBJECTIVE. We quantified the range of motion (ROM) required for eight upper-extremity activities of daily living (ADLs) in healthy participants.METHOD. Fifteen right-handed participants completed several bimanual and unilateral basic ADLs while joint kinematics were monitored using a motion capture system. Peak motions of the pelvis, trunk, shoulder, elbow, and wrist were quantified for each task.RESULTS. To complete all activities tested, participants needed a minimum ROM of −65°/0°/105° for humeral plane angle (horizontal abduction–adduction), 0°–108° for humeral elevation, −55°/0°/79° for humeral rotation, 0°–121° for elbow flexion, −53°/0°/13° for forearm rotation, −40°/0°/38° for wrist flexion–extension, and −28°/0°/38° for wrist ulnar–radial deviation. Peak trunk ROM was 23° lean, 32° axial rotation, and 59° flexion–extension.CONCLUSION. Full upper-limb kinematics were calculated for several ADLs. This methodology can be used in future studies as a basis for developing normative databases of upper-extremity motions and evaluating pathology in populations.
“La fijeza”: the hope of the temporary progression through the image of the Caribbean location
Authors: Ochoa Roa Ana Carolina 
Published: January 2016

This is a text derivated from the presentation “La fijeza: tiempo y espacio insulares”, in the 38th Conference of the Caribbean Studies Association, on June 4th, 2013 at Grenada Grand Beach Resort, Grand Anse, Grenada.Lezama Lima was a Cuban poet, essayist, and novelist considered as well as Alejo Carpentier, one of the greatest figures of the Caribbean island literature. His detailed knowledge of the baroque literature specially Góngora’s poetry, and also his necessity of fixing a Cuban identity, allowed him to propose a very innovative esthetic which goes beyond the disenchantment proper of the baroque. The verses of “La fijeza” are some examples of this vision. In this order of ideas, the purpose of this work in to present the analysis of some poems of “La fijeza” in order to explain the manner in which Lezama distances himself from the baroque disenchantment conception of the world and how, at the same time, he presents verses of hope, identity and universalism by means of presenting the poetic image of the Caribbean scenery and its spatio-temporal relationships in a way to explain a vision of the poetry as privileged way to re-create the world.
REVIEW OF THE RECLAIMING OF RUBBER WASTE AND RECENT WORK ON THE RECYCLING OF ETHYLENE–PROPYLENE–DIENE RUBBER WASTE
Authors: Movahed Saeed Ostad , Ansarifar Ali , Estagy Sara 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTRubbers do not decompose easily, and therefore, disposal of rubber waste is a serious environmental concern. Raw material costs, diminishing natural resources, and the growing awareness of environmental issues and sustainability have made rubber recycling a major area of concern. Reclaiming and recycling rubber waste is a major scientific and technological challenge facing rubber scientists today. This article reviews a number of important areas related to the reclaiming, characterizing, testing, and recycling of rubber waste. These include chemical and microbial devulcanization with particular emphasis on main chain scission and kinetics of chemical devulcanization reactions; the cutting-edge techniques for reclaiming devulcanized rubber waste by the action of large shearing forces, heat, and chemical agents: and analytical techniques and methods for characterizing composition and testing of devulcanized rubber waste, respectively. In addition, some aspects of the recycling of devulcanized ethylene–propylene–diene rubber (EPDM) waste will be reported. EPDM is used extensively in automotive components worldwide, and recycling the rubber at the end of its useful service life is of major importance to manufacturers of automotive components.
Allogeneic Transplantation of Müller-Derived Retinal Ganglion Cells Improves Retinal Function in a Feline Model of Ganglion Cell Depletion
Authors: Becker Silke , Eastlake Karen , Jayaram Hari , Jones Megan F. , Brown Robert A. , McLellan Gillian J. , Charteris David G. , Khaw Peng T. , Limb G. Astrid 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Human Müller glia with stem cell characteristics (hMGSCs) have been shown to improve retinal function upon transplantation into rat models of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) depletion. However, their translational potential may depend upon successful engraftment and improvement of retinal function in experimental models with anatomical and functional features resembling those of the human eye. We investigated the effect of allogeneic transplantation of feline Müller glia with the ability to differentiate into cells expressing RGC markers, following ablation of RGCs by N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA). Unlike previous observations in the rat, transplantation of hMGSC-derived RGCs into the feline vitreous formed aggregates and elicited a severe inflammatory response without improving visual function. In contrast, allogeneic transplantation of feline MGSC (fMGSC)-derived RGCs into the vitrectomized eye improved the scotopic threshold response (STR) of the electroretinogram (ERG). Despite causing functional improvement, the cells did not attach onto the retina and formed aggregates on peripheral vitreous remnants, suggesting that vitreous may constitute a barrier for cell attachment onto the retina. This was confirmed by observations that cellular scaffolds of compressed collagen and enriched preparations of fMGSC-derived RGCs facilitated cell attachment. Although cells did not migrate into the RGC layer or the optic nerve, they significantly improved the STR and the photopic negative response of the ERG, indicative of increased RGC function. These results suggest that MGSCs have a neuroprotective ability that promotes partial recovery of impaired RGC function and indicate that cell attachment onto the retina may be necessary for transplanted cells to confer neuroprotection to the retina.

Significance
Müller glia with stem cell characteristics are present in the adult human retina, but they do not have regenerative ability. These cells, however, have potential for development of cell therapies to treat retinal disease. Using a feline model of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) depletion, cell grafting methods to improve RGC function have been developed. Using cellular scaffolds, allogeneic transplantation of Müller glia-derived RGC promoted cell attachment onto the retina and enhanced retinal function, as judged by improvement of the photopic negative and scotopic threshold responses of the electroretinogram. The results suggest that the improvement of RGC function observed may be ascribed to the neuroprotective ability of these cells and indicate that attachment of the transplanted cells onto the retina is required to promote effective neuroprotection.
Developing Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Therapy for the Masses
Authors: Rao Mahendra S. , Atala Anthony 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Summary
The discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells and the ability to manufacture them using clinically compliant protocols has the potential to revolutionize the field of regenerative medicine. However, realizing this potential requires the development of processes that are reliable, reproducible, and cost-effective and that at the same time do not compromise the safety of the individuals receiving this therapy. In the present report, we discuss how cost reductions can be obtained using our experience with obtaining approval of biologic agents, autologous therapy, and the recent approval of cord blood banks.

Significance
For therapy to be widely available, the cost of manufacturing stem cells must be reduced. The steps proposed in the present report, when implemented, have the potential to reduce these costs significantly.
Logarithmic velocity structure in the deep hypolimnetic waters of Lake Michigan
Authors: Troy Cary , Cannon David , Liao Qian , Bootsma Harvey 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe characteristics of the bottom boundary layer are reported from a Lake Michigan field study carried out in deep hypolimnetic waters (55 m depth) during the stratified period (June–September 2012). The sandy substrate at the measurement site was densely covered with invasive quagga mussels (mean size: 1.6 cm; mean density: 10,000 mussels m−2). The measurements reveal a sluggish, compact bottom boundary layer, with flow speeds at 1 mab less than 5 cm s−1 for most of the period, and a dominance of subinertial energy. A downwelling event caused the largest currents observed during the deployment (10 cm s−1 at 1 mab) and a logarithmic layer thickness of 15 m. In spite of the weak flow, logarithmic profile fitting carried out on high‐resolution, near‐bed velocity profiles show consistent logarithmic structure (90% of profiles). Flow was dominated by subinertial energy but strong modified by near‐inertial waves. Fitted drag coefficients and roughness values are
= 0.004 and
= 0.12 cm, respectively. These values increase with decreasing flow speed, but approach canonical values for 1 mab flow speeds exceeding 4 cm s−1. The estimated vertical extent of the logarithmic region was compact, with a mean value of 1.2 m and temporal variation that is reasonably described by Ekman scaling, 0.07
/
, and the estimated overall Ekman layer thickness was generally less than 10 m. Near‐bed dissipation rates inferred from the law of the wall were 10−8−10−7 W kg−1 and turbulent diffusivities were 10−4−10−3 m2s−1.
Modulation of sea surface temperature warming in the Bay of Biscay by Loire and Gironde Rivers
Authors: Costoya X. , Fernández‐Nóvoa D. , deCastro M. , Santos F. , Lazure P. , Gómez‐Gesteira M. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe influence of Loire and Gironde River discharges over the sea surface temperature (SST) in the eastern Bay of Biscay (0.6º–36.6ºW, 44.2º–47.8ºW) was analyzed by means of two complementary databases (MODIS and OISST1/4). The area influenced by river plume showed a different SST when compared with the adjacent oceanic area for the months when the plume attains its highest extension (December, January, and February). Ocean was observed to warm at a rate of approximately 0.3ºC dec−1 while temperature at the area influenced by the rivers cooled at a rate of −0.15ºC dec−1 over the period 1982–2014. The mere presence of a freshwater layer is able to modulate the warming observed at adjacent ocean locations since the coastal area is isolated from the rest of the Bay. This nearshore strip is the only part of the Bay where changes in SST depend on North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) but not on North Atlantic SST represented by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). These different cooling‐warming trends are even more patent over the last years (2002–2014) under atmospheric favorable conditions for plume enhancement. River runoff increased at a rate on the order of 120 m3s−1dec−1 over that period and southwesterly winds, which favor the confinement of the plume, showed a positive and significant trend both in duration and intensity. Thus, the coastal strip has been observed to cool at a rate of −0.5°C dec−1.
Augmented reality for endoscopic sinus surgery with surgical navigation: a cadaver study
Authors: Citardi Martin J. , Agbetoba Abib , Bigcas Jo‐Lawrence , Luong Amber 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundAugmented reality (AR) fuses computer‐generated images of preoperative imaging data with real‐time views of the surgical field. Scopis Hybrid Navigation (Scopis GmbH, Berlin, Germany) is a surgical navigation system with AR capabilities for endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).MethodsPredissection planning was performed with Scopis Hybrid Navigation software followed by ESS dissection on 2 human specimens using conventional ESS instruments.ResultsPredissection planning included creating models of relevant frontal recess structures and the frontal sinus outflow pathway on orthogonal computed tomography (CT) images. Positions of the optic nerve and internal carotid artery were marked on the CT images. Models and annotations were displayed as an overlay on the endoscopic images during the dissection, which was performed with electromagnetic surgical navigation. The accuracy of the AR images relative to underlying anatomy was better than 1.5 mm. The software's trajectory targeting tool was used to guide instrument placement along the frontal sinus outflow pathway. AR imaging of the optic nerve and internal carotid artery served to mark the positions of these structures during the dissection.ConclusionSurgical navigation with AR was easily deployed in this cadaveric model of ESS. This technology builds upon the positive impact of surgical navigation during ESS, particularly during frontal recess surgery. Instrument tracking with this technology facilitates identifying and cannulation of the frontal sinus outflow pathway without dissection of the frontal recess anatomy. AR can also highlight “anti‐targets” (ie, structures to be avoided), such as the optic nerve and internal carotid artery, and thus reduce surgical complications and morbidity.
Investigation of structure and mechanical properties of toughened poly(l‐lactide)/thermoplastic poly(ester urethane) blends
Authors: Oliaei Erfan , Kaffashi Babak , Davoodi Saeed 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTIn this study, poly(l‐lactide) (PLA) is melt‐blended with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) to modify the brittleness of PLA. An aliphatic ester‐based TPU was selected in order to have an ester sensitivity for degradation and an inherent biocompatibility. Using this compatible TPU, there was no need to apply problematic compatibilizers, so the main positive properties of PLA such as biocompatibility and degradability were not challenged. The detected microstructure of PLA/TPU blends showed that when the TPU content was lower than 25 wt %, the structure appeared as sea‐islands, but when the TPU content was increased, the morphology was converted to a cocontinuous microstructure. A higher interfacial surface area in the blend with 25 wt % TPU (PLA25) resulted in a higher toughness and abrasion resistance. The various analyses confirmed interactions and successful coupling of two phases and confirmed that melt‐blending of PLA with the aliphatic ester‐based TPU is a convenient, cost‐effective, and efficient method to conquer the brittleness of PLA. The prepared blends are general‐purpose plastics, but PLA25 showed an optimum mechanical strength, toughness, and biocompatibility suitable for a wide range of applications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2016,133, 43104.
EWOLUTION: Design of a registry to evaluate real‐world clinical outcomes in patients with AF and high stroke risk‐treated with the WATCHMAN left atrial appendage closure technology
Authors: Boersma Lucas V.A. , Schmidt Boris , Betts Tim R. , Sievert Horst , Tamburino Corrado , Teiger Emmanuel , Stein Kenneth M. , Bergmann Martin W. 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and the rate of ischemic stroke attributed to non‐valvular AF is estimated at 5% per year. Several multi‐center studies established left atrial appendage closure as a safe and effective alternative to oral anticoagulation, but there is a need for additional real world data.MethodsThe purpose of this observational, prospective, single‐arm, multicenter clinical study is to compile real‐world clinical outcome data for WATCHMAN™ LAA (left atrial appendage) Closure Technology. One thousand subjects at up to 70 institutions in Europe, the Middle East, and Russia will be enrolled. Patients will be followed for 2 years after WATCHMAN implantation, according to standard medical practice. Primary endpoints include procedural and long‐term data including stroke/embolism, bleeding, and death. This article presents the background of the LAAC device and describes the design of the study.ResultsResults for peri‐procedural analyses are expected toward the end of 2015; long‐term follow‐up data are expected in the latter half of 2017.ConclusionThe EWOLUTION study will formally expand knowledge of LAA closure into a broader real world setting. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Isoform‐specific localization of Nogo protein in the optic pathway of mouse embryos
Authors: Wang Liqing , Wang Jun , Ma Ding , Taylor Jeremy S.H. , Chan Sun‐On 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTExpression of Nogo protein was investigated in the optic pathway of embryonic mice by using isoform‐specific antibodies Bianca and 11C7, which recognize Nogo‐A/B and Nogo‐A, respectively. Our previous reports from using antibody N18 have shown that Nogo is localized on the radial glia in the retina and at the midline of the ventral diencephalon in mouse embryos during the ingrowth of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) axons. This glial‐specific localization is markedly different from findings in other studies. This study showed Nogo‐A/B primarily on radial glia in the retina at E13 and then later on retinal ganglion cells and axons at E14 and E15, whereas Nogo‐A was expressed preferentially by RGCs and their axons. In the ventral diencephalon, Nogo‐A/B was expressed strongly on radial glia, particularly in those located in the midline region of the chiasm but also on RGC axons. In Nogo‐A knockout embryos, the isoform Nogo‐B (revealed by Bianca) was observed on radial glia in the ventral diencephalon and on RGCs and their axons. We concluded that Nogo‐A is localized on the ganglion cells and retinal axons, whereas Nogo‐B is expressed by the radial glia in the optic pathway. Nogo‐B may play an important role in guiding axon growth in decisive regions of the visual pathway, which include the optic disc and the optic chiasm. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:2322–2334, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN INFANT NIGHTTIME‐SLEEP LOCATION AND ATTACHMENT SECURITY: NO EASY VERDICT
Authors: Mileva‐Seitz Viara R. , Luijk Maartje P.C.M. , van Ijzendoorn Marinus H. , Bakermans‐Kranenburg Marian J. , Jaddoe Vincent W.V. , Hofman Albert , Verhulst Frank C. , Tiemeier Henning 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTWe tested whether mother–infant bed‐sharing is associated with increased secure infant–mother attachment, a previously unexplored association. Frequency of bed‐sharing and mothers’ nighttime comforting measures at 2 months were assessed with questionnaires in 550 Caucasian mothers from a population‐based cohort. Attachment security was assessed with the Strange Situation Procedure (M.D.S. Ainsworth, M.C. Blehar, E. Waters, & S. Wall, 1978) at 14 months. When using a dichotomous variable, “never bed‐sharing” (solitary sleepers) versus “any bed‐sharing,” the relative risk of being classified as insecurely attached for solitary‐sleeping infants (vs. bed‐sharers) was 1.21 (95% confidence interval: 1.05–1.40). In multivariate models, solitary sleeping was associated with greater odds of insecure attachment, adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.50, 95% CI = 1.02–2.20) and, in particular, with greater odds of resistant attachment, adjusted OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.10–2.76); and with a lower attachment security score, β = −0.12, t(495) = −2.61, p = .009. However, we found no evidence of a dose–response association between bed‐sharing and secure attachment when using a trichotomous bed‐sharing variable based on frequency of bed‐sharing. Our findings demonstrate some evidence that solitary sleeping is associated with insecure attachment. However, the lack of a dose–response association suggests that further experimental study is necessary before accepting common notions that sharing a bed leads to children who are better or not better adjusted.
The value of screening for major fetal abnormalities during the nuchal translucency examination
Authors: Wye Deborah , Benzie Ron 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe nuchal translucency (NT) scan provides an opportunity to examine fetal anatomy. Current opinion on the advantages and limitations of assessing fetal anatomy at this early gestation is divided. Two case studies from our centre will be presented where assessing fetal anatomy was of great benefit – one in finding abnormalities, the other in excluding them.These cases along with review of the literature support the view that a limited fetal anatomy scan should be performed as part of the NT examination.
Vein of Galen abnormality
Authors: Roberts Harley , Mein Brendan , Miceli Francis 
Published: December 2015

AbstractVein of Galen abnormality is a rare congenital malformation of blood vessels of the brain and while often referred to as “Vein of Galen aneurysm” its is really not an aneurysm but usually an arteriovenous (AV) malformation. The following case report will be of interest to sonographers as it demonstrates early prenatal diagnosis of this intracranial vascular abnormality causing cardiac overload and subsequent cardiac failure. Diagnosis of the AV malformation can be graphically demonstrated using colour Doppler or 3D colour power angiography.
Absent fetal hand: a case report
Authors: Joshi Sneha , Uppal Talat 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIsolated congenital fetal hand malformation is a rare finding1. The prevalence of limb reduction deformities is about 3–8 per 20,000 births2. An isolated amputation of an extremity can be due to amniotic band syndrome, exposure to a teratogen or a vascular accident2. A comprehensive obstetric ultrasonographic assessment as well as genetic counselling are ideal when a fetal hand abnormality is detected, so as to determine whether a karyotype analysis is appropriate.We report a case of an absent left fetal hand and explore the parental distress with the diagnosis at almost 20 weeks of gestation. This case also highlights parental perception of medical inertia in terminating a pregnancy of this gestational age and complication.
Recurrent viable ectopic pregnancy in the salpingectomy stump
Authors: Anwar Sonia , Uppal Talat 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIpsilateral ectopic pregnancy after total salpingectomy is a rare occurrence and in theory should not happen. We report a case where a spontaneous ectopic pregnancy was found in the stump of the previously removed tube. This case highlights the need for further consideration of the diagnosis of an ectopic pregnancy in the setting of a previous ipsilateral salpingectomy.
RBC motion and the basis of ultrasound Doppler instrumentation
Authors: Uppal Talat , Mogra Ritu 
Published: December 2015

AbstractUltrasonography has become one of the most popular techniques for noninvasive body assessment. The advent of sophisticated Doppler imaging has added an “information about blood flow” dimension. However, searching for complex details, despite enhanced system design and capabilities, place an increased demand on the operator. Examination technique and equipment settings are potential sources of error and therefore to obtain and interpret Doppler indices well it is essential to understand the physics of the Doppler principle and the dynamics of blood flow.