bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and characterization of anti-fouling PVDF membrane modified by chitin
Authors: Xie Manman , Feng Xia , Hu Juncheng , Liu Zhengyi , Wang Zijian , Chen Li , Zhao Yiping 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/chitin (CH) blend membranes were prepared via the method of immersion-precipitation phase transformation with the solvent system N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc)/lithium chloride (LiCl) as solvent and water as coagulant. The effect of CH on membrane structure and performance was investigated. Owing to the strong hydrophilicity, CH chains enriched on the blend membrane surface and improved the hydrophilicity of the membrane. The addition of CH also led to the formation of finger-like pores and the increase of pore size and porosity. The flux and the flux recovery ratio (FRR) of the blend membrane were higher than that of pure PVDF membrane. The fouling resistance of the blend membrane was lower than that of PVDF original membrane. In a word, the addition of CH to PVDF membrane improved the hydrophilicity and the anti-fouling ability of PVDF membrane.
When Should Governments Reveal Criminal Histories?
Authors: Simundza Daniel 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis paper studies how government policies regarding when to publicly reveal criminal histories affect criminal behavior and labor productivity. I focus attention on two policies: a strict policy that publicly reveals citizens’ past criminal acts after the first conviction, and a lenient policy that discloses this information only after the second conviction. My main results provide conditions such that leniency benefits society by minimizing the crime rate and maximizing productivity of the criminal population. The lenient policy can minimize the crime rate when public notification has a relatively small positive effect on detection probabilities and agents have long expected criminal lifetimes. Moreover, I show that when either notification policy minimizes the crime rate it also maximizes labor productivity.
Litigation with a Variable Cost of Trial
Authors: Farmer Amy , Pecorino Paul 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
We develop a model of pretrial bargaining under asymmetric information where both the plaintiff and the defendant’s cost of proceeding to trial is an increasing function of the judgment at trial. This contrasts with the standard assumption that costs at trial are a constant. As a result of this assumption, fee shifting can affect the incidence of trial in a model in which it would otherwise have no effect. Fee shifting will increase the incidence of trial if the plaintiff expects to shift the variable costs of trial to the defendant on net and will lower the incidence of trial if the defendant expects to shift these costs to the plaintiff. The model also implies that a reallocation of the variable costs of trial from the defendant to the plaintiff will lower the incidence of trial.
Fedor Krause (1857-1937): the father of German neurosurgery
Authors: Costea Claudia Florida , Turliuc Dana Mihaela , Sava Anca , Dumitrescu Gabriela Florenţa , Cucu A.I. , Patraşcanu Emilia , Trandafir Daniela , Turliuc Ş. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Rightfully regarded as the father of German neurosurgery, Fedor Krause made a major contribution not only in world neurosurgery, but also in medicine. The aim of this paper is to highlight once more the significance and importance of Fedor Krause’s work and exceptional human quality.
Traumatic brain injury due to pressure cooker explosion in a child: case report
Authors: Calderon-Miranda Willem Guillermo , Escobar-Hernandez Nidia , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael , Rubiano Andres M. , Blancas-Rivera Marco Antonio , Agrawal Amit , Carmona-Meza Zenem , Alvis-Miranda Hernando Raphael , Alcala-Cerra Gabriel 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Traumatic brain injury is a common condition in the emergency services, affecting the pediatric and adult population significantly. Patterns of head injury as well as management principles in children are important differences compared to adults. Traumatic brain injury by Domestic pressure cooker is rare and has not been described in children, which to our knowledge is the first report in the literature of this nature.
Phenotypic and genotypic study of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from hospitalized patients
Authors: Matroș Luminița , Krausz Tibor Ludovic , Pandrea Stanca Lucia , Ciontea Monica Ioana , Chiorean Erica , Pepelea Lia Sorina , Berar Antonela Marcela , Junie Lia Monica 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Introduction: Nosocomial infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing carbapenemases represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality among immunosuppressed patients. The aim of our study was to detect the production of metallo-carbapenemases (MBLs) by phenotypic methods and to detect the presence of the MBLs encoding genes (blaIMP and blaVIM) by PCR in P. aeruginosa strains isolated from hospitalized patients to the Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cluj-Napoca.
Material and methods: Between September 2014-February 2015, we tested thirty-eight P. aeruginosa strains resistant to carbapenems according to CLSI 2014 breakpoints, determined by Vitek®2(BioMérieux),isolated from various clinical specimens. Phenotypic detection of the MBLs production was performed using the KPC/MBL Confirmation kit (ROSCO®) and the MBL Etest® IP/IPI (BioMérieux). We used the PCR method for detecting MBLs encoding genes: blaIMP, blaVIM.
Results: The strains were obtained from surgery (55.3%), ICU (15.8%) and gastroenterology wards (28.9%), isolated from pus (25.8%), tracheal secretion (22.7%), bile (13.6%), sputum (10.6%), blood (10.6%), other secretions (16.7%). These strains were resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics. By ROSCO® method 28/38 strains (73.7%) were positive with imipenem ± dipicolinic acid (DPA) and 22/38 (57.9%) with meropenem ± DPA. Etest® waspositive for the 28/38 strains (73.7%). 11 strains (28.9%) were positive for KPC with the screening method. We identified: 6 blaIMP+ (15.8%), 2 (5.3%) blaVIM+ and 4 blaIMP+/blaVIM+ strains (10.5%).
Conclusion: Both genes encoding MBL were found, alone or in combination. The increasing level of carbapenem resistance of these strains impose their routine testing to detect MBL.
Abnormal lipid metabolism in metabolic syndrome: an epigenetic perspective
Authors: Brudașcă Ioana , Cucuianu Mircea 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a complex pathology including central obesity, impaired glucose tolerance/diabetes, an atherogenic dyslipidemia and a prothrombotic state.
A new perspective on understanding the mechanisms underlying metabolic syndrome is provided by the epigenetic changes (mainly DNA methylation and histone covalent modifications), which influence gene expression without changing of the DNA sequence.
DNA methylation (mainly in carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A gene) and histone modifications were shown to be associated with VLDL and LDL phenotypes, with hyperglycemia and reduced level of HDL cholesterol, with hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and with progression of atherosclerotic occlusion in peripheral arteries. The epigenetic changes can occur in the prenatal period, throughout the life span, and can be transmitted to the offspring. Both poor maternal nutrition and maternal obesity, diabetes and overfeeding can result in epigenetic alterations that amplify the risk of metabolic syndrome for the offspring.
Throughout life span, environmental factors, such as nutrition and exercise can induce epigenetic changes influencing the evolution of the metabolic syndrome (through adipocyte metabolism and insulin signaling pathway). The epigenetic modifications are not completely erased during gametogenesis and embryogensis, resulting in a transgenerational transmission of an epigenetic state up to the fifth generation.
Epigenetic mechanisms are an interface between environmental stimuli and resulting phenotype by inducing a certain transcriptional state, which may be also transmitted to the next generation(s) and which may predispose to an increased risk for developing metabolic syndrome in the context of a mismatched environment.
Elucidating epigenetic modulation might provide additional information about risk evaluation and more targeted therapeutical intervention.
Edusemiotics as process semiotics: Towards a new model of semiosis for teaching and learning
Authors: Stables Andrew 
Published: June 2016

AbstractStandard definitions posit the sign as a discrete entity in relation with other signs and standing for an object (either physical or psychological). Thus the sign has two roles, as prompt and as substitutive representation. The latter raises difficult questions about the relationship of the semiotic to the non-semiotic or pre-semiotic, which can be resolved logically (as in Peirce) or rejected as unanswerable (as in Saussure), but which can never be satisfactorily resolved empirically as the phenomenal cannot be divorced from the semiotic. This impasse can be resolved if we drop the assumption that the sign is essentially substitutive. The assumption of discrete entities, at either the phenomenal or the noumenal levels, is a function of discredited substance metaphysics. On a process metaphysical account, the reality of the sign is not attached to the discreteness of any pre-existing entity. The sign remains as prompt and as relational but not (other than sometimes with respect to other signs) substitutive. Rather than defined as standing for an object, the sign can now be regarded much more simply as a feature of an event. This conception of the sign is explored in terms of its implications for teaching and learning.
Competitive Traffic Assignment in Road Networks
Authors: Krylatov Alexander Y. , Zakharov Victor V. , Malygin Igor G. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Recently in-vehicle route guidance and information systems are rapidly developing. Such systems are expected to reduce congestion in an urban traffic area. This social benefit is believed to be reached by imposing the route choices on the network users that lead to the system optimum traffic assignment. However, guidance service could be offered by different competitive business companies. Then route choices of different mutually independent groups of users may reject traffic assignment from the system optimum state. In this paper, a game theoretic approach is shown to be very efficient to formalize competitive traffic assignment problem with various groups of users in the form of non-cooperative network game with the Nash equilibrium search. The relationships between the Wardrop’s system optimum associated with the traffic assignment problem and the Nash equilibrium associated with the competitive traffic assignment problem are investigated. Moreover, some related aspects of the Nash equilibrium and the Wardrop’s user equilibrium assignments are also discussed.
Assessing the Contribution of Urban Freight Terminals in Last Mile Operations
Authors: Nathanail Eftihia , Gogas Michael , Adamos Giannis 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This paper introduces a multi-stakeholder multi-criteria evaluation framework, which can be used for the assessment of the last mile distribution performance of urban freight terminals. To this end, a comparative analysis is conducted addressing two Greek urban intermodal freight terminals located at the port of Thessaloniki (ThPA) and Kuehne+Nagel (K+N)’s premises. The assessment of the terminals’ performance relies on a tailored multi-criteria Key Performance Indicator (KPI)-based evaluation framework, whereas the selection and significance of the incorporated criteria and KPIs is predetermined by the relevant responsible stakeholders, who imposed their viewpoint through an analytic hierarchy process. Results showed that ThPA was ranked first according to its performance pertaining to the role of an intermodal interchange; still, K+N’s performance index was only 8.5% lower than ThPA’s, while in specific KPIs it seems that it performs in a better way.
Cycloaddition reactions of 2H-1-benzothietes and 1,3,5,7-tetrathio-s-indacene-2,6-dithiones
Authors: Gröschl Dieter , Schollmeyer Dieter , Meier Herbert 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
2H-1-benzothiete (1) and 2H,5H-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]bisthiete (3) react in form of their open valence isomers with the trithiocarbonic acid esters 2a–c. The one- or twofold cycloaddition reactions yield 1,3-dithiin rings, in which C-2 is a spiro-C atom, that bears four sulfur groups. The bifunctional reactant 3 gives additionally band-shaped, hardly soluble oligomers.
Extremely high boron tolerance in Puccinellia distans (Jacq.) Parl. related to root boron exclusion and a well-regulated antioxidant system
Authors: Hamurcu Mehmet , Hakki Erdogan E. , Demiral Sert Tijen , Özdemir Canan , Minareci Ersin , Avsaroglu Zuhal Z. , Gezgin Sait , Ali Kayis Seyit , Bell Richard W. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Recent studies indicate an extremely high level of tolerance to boron (B) toxicity in Puccinellia distans (Jacq.) Parl. but the mechanistic basis is not known. Puccinellia distans was exposed to B concentrations of up to 1000 mg B L−1 and root B uptake, growth parameters, B and N contents, H2O2 accumulation and ·OH-scavenging activity were measured. Antioxidant enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, peroxidase and glutathione reductase, and lipid peroxidation products were determined. B appears to be actively excluded from roots. Excess B supply caused structural deformations in roots and leaves, H2O2 accumulation and simultaneous up-regulation of the antioxidative system, which prevented lipid peroxidation even at the highest B concentrations. Thus, P. distans has an efficient root B-exclusion capability and, in addition, B tolerance in shoots is achieved by a well-regulated antioxidant defense system.
Arabidopsis MAKR5 is a positive effector of BAM3‐dependent CLE45 signaling
Authors: Kang Yeon Hee , Hardtke Christian S 
Published: June 2016

AbstractReceptor kinases convey diverse environmental and developmental inputs by sensing extracellular ligands. In plants, one group of receptor‐like kinases (RLKs) is characterized by extracellular leucine‐rich repeat (LRR) domains, which interact with various ligands that include the plant hormone brassinosteroid and peptides of the CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION (CLE) type. For instance, the CLE45 peptide requires the LRR‐RLK BARELY ANY MERISTEM 3 (BAM3) to prevent protophloem formation in Arabidopsis root meristems. Here, we show that other proposed CLE45 receptors, the two redundantly acting LRR‐RLKs STERILITY‐REGULATING KINASE MEMBER 1 (SKM1) and SKM2 (which perceive CLE45 in the context of pollen tube elongation), cannot substitute for BAM3 in the root. Moreover, we identify MEMBRANE‐ASSOCIATED KINASE REGULATOR 5 (MAKR5) as a post‐transcriptionally regulated amplifier of the CLE45 signal that acts downstream of BAM3. MAKR5 belongs to a small protein family whose prototypical member, BRI1 KINASE INHIBITOR 1, is an essentially negative regulator of brassinosteroid signaling. By contrast, MAKR5 is a positive effector of CLE45 signaling, revealing an unexpected diversity in the conceptual roles of MAKR genes in different signaling pathways.
La proton pseudos histérica y la verdad del síntoma
Authors: De Castro Korgi Sylvia 
Published: June 2016

<p>Este artículo se ocupa de mostrar de qué manera Freud deconstruye la suposición de la simulación del síntoma histérico, suposición que plantea el problema de la verdad, bajo las especies de la mentira y del engaño. De la simulación a la proton pseudos, el análisis freudiano permite concluir que la construcción mentirosa confronta a la histérica con la verdad del encuentro con el goce que el síntoma memoriza y del que ella —la histérica— no sabe. La proton pseudos es el nombre freudiano para la verdad como “develamiento” de lo no sabido, un develamiento que se atiene a la lógica del inconsciente.</p>
La verdad servida en la mesa
Authors: Rincón Oñate Carlos Alberto 
Published: June 2016

<p>Mucho se habla sobre la verdad, la justicia, la reparación y la no repetición como imperativos progresivos que rigen las conversaciones en el actual proceso de paz colombiano, que tiene como lugar protagónico la mesa de negociación que se está llevando a cabo en la Habana, alrededor de la cual confluyen el Gobierno Colombiano y el grupo insurgente FARC-EP. Esta dinámica de la palabra en constante tensión sugiere una necesaria reflexión sobre la verdad de quien negocia y, particularmente, sobre el futuro excombatiente y su apuesta subjetiva, un lugar que llama a la pregunta por un lazo social que evidencia y contrapone al amo, al esclavo y al subversivo, este último, sinónimo de la búsqueda de la libertad, la igualdad y la fraternidad, tres imperativos revolucionarios que han guiado los movimientos emancipatorios.</p>
Acontecimiento y verdad: la verdad por-venir como verdad a dar
Authors: Dipaola Esteban , Lutereau Luciano 
Published: June 2016

<p>Este artículo indaga de manera teórica sobre el concepto de la verdad y la relación que esta tiene de acuerdo con tres ejes sustantivos: primero, una lógica de la palabra verdadera; segundo, la lógica del acontecimiento verdadero; y, finalmente, la lógica de dar la verdad. Así, se cuestiona la categoría de verdad como fundamento para inscribir el carácter inmanente, inapropiable e inaprehensible de toda verdad. Desde el comienzo se analiza la verdad como representación del movimiento hacia el acontecimiento y se presenta una verdad como lo que está por llegar. De tal modo que los nombres de Lacan y de Badiou se vuelven guías para el paso definitivo a esa verdad que es solo ilimitada y que, entonces, deviene sobre lo que Derrida postuló como el don ilimitado e imposible.</p>
Consideraciones sobre la verdad. Heidegger y Lacan, un encuentro imposible en los tiempos de la Alethosfera
Authors: Suzunaga Quintana Juan Carlos 
Published: June 2016

<p>Si se trata de un encuentro, este es posible en el campo del tratamiento de lo real, allí donde tanto Lacan como Heidegger introducen un límite al campo abierto por Descartes, sostenido en la lógica de la consciencia y la razón y, de una manera mucho más radical, en la lógica del objeto, por parte de la ciencia y la técnica moderna. Tanto las elaboraciones de Heidegger a propósito del olvido del ser en la modernidad, como las de Lacan en relación con la forclusión del sujeto por parte de la ciencia, se orientan a introducir, mediante lo singular, una hendidura en la noción de verdad de la época. El artículo tratará, a manera de introducción, las elaboraciones sobre la verdad en Heidegger y en Lacan, de cara a la consumación del ideario cartesiano.</p>
Causas de muerte por cáncer de mama en Colombia
Authors: González Mariño Mario Arturo 
Published: June 2016

<p>Objetivo Revisar las causas directas de muerte por cáncer de mama en Colombia según datos de los certificados de defunción en el año 2008.Material y Métodos Se revisaron las causas directas de muerte en pacientes cuyo código de causa básica de defunción fue el de tumor maligno de la mama según el registro de defunciones del Departamento Nacional de Estadística de Colombia (DANE) en el año 2008. Se evalúa su distribución por código de diagnóstico de la causa directa de muerte, grupos de edad, nivel educativo, estado civil, seguridad social y sitio de defunción.Resultados Las principales causas directas de muerte en mujeres fueron insuficiencia o falla respiratoria, paro cardiorespiratorio, falla orgánica múltiple o multisistémica, cáncer de seno y cáncer de mama metastásico. La mayoría de las muertes tuvieron el código C509 y se presentaron en mayores de 50 años. En hombres la causa más frecuente fue la falla respiratoria. Conclusiones Las principales denominaciones anotadas en los registros de defunción como causa directa de muerte por cáncer de mama fueron insuficiencia, paro respiratorio y paro cardiorespiratorio. Sin embargo, se evidencia que esto surge por problemas en el registro al no ceñirse a la Clasificación internacional de enfermedades (CIE-10). Se requiere mejorar la calidad de los registros de defunción para aprovechar la información que aporta este documento.</p>
Influencia de la familia sobre las conductas antisociales en adolescentes de Arequipa-Perú
Authors: Rivera Renzo , Cahuana Cuentas Milagros 
Published: June 2016

<p>El objetivo fue determinar la influencia de la familia sobre las conductas antisociales en adolescentes no<br />institucionalizados. La muestra consistió en 929 alumnos de secundaria entre 13 y 17 años de edad. Se aplicó una batería de instrumentos sobre datos sociodemográficos, conductas antisociales y funcionamiento familiar: relación, satisfacción, cohesión, adaptabilidad y comunicación familiar. Se analizaron las variables por medio de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales diferenciados por sexo. Los resultados mostraron que el funcionamiento familiar, en ambos sexos, y el número de hermanos, en los varones, son factores protectores frente a las conductas antisociales. Los factores de riesgo son: maltrato infantil y violencia entre los padres, en las mujeres; además del consumo de alcohol en los padres, para<br />ambos sexos.</p>
Organizations and intrapreneurship: an 'Italian workers' case study.
Authors: Bellezza Andrea 
Published: June 2016

Entrepreneurship is a multi-disciplinary landscape in continuous development, a powerful key-driver to live the contemporary labor market, where is necessary for every player the capability to be highly flexible, an effective way to face crisis and solve the trick of unemployment. Schwartz defines 'values' as "conceptions of the desirable that influence the way people select action and evaluate events" (Schwartz & Bilsky 1987). At the same time he argues that the way of behaving is not only referred to regulatory models in specific situations, but it's originated and transcends in something we can refer 'principles', that drive people in 'trans-situational purposes'. The goal of this study is to present significant relationship between values and entrepreneurial skills, obtained investigating in Italy a sample group of 150 ANM S.p.A. public transport workers, 115 men and 35 women, between the ages of 30 and 39. This research focus is the bond between values and entrepreneurial skills, but even its being intra-company, all within the concrete working environment, and with its effects and influence on the social-economical reality.