bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Does a Loving God Punish? On the Unification of God's Love and Punitive Wrath
Authors: Wessling Jordan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThere are two influential and opposing theological paradigms concerning the relationship between God's love and punitive wrath. According to the first paradigm, which is here labelled the ‘divergent account’, God may sometimes punish an individual in a manner that is opposed to his love. Alternatively, there is the ‘unitary account’, according to which God's punitive wrath is an expression of love that seeks the creature's good. In the present article, an argument for the unitary account is provided, and a fresh way of understanding God's punishment therein is considered. The article proceeds as follows. In the first section, a dominant motivation for the divergent account is distilled through an examination of the writings of Emil Brunner. This motivation is then rejected and the unitary account is defended in the next section, in light of the New Testament ethic of love. In the third section, the work of Gregory of Nyssa and the contemporary philosopher R.A. Duff is utilized to develop a communicative theory of God's punishment, which illuminates and fortifies the unitary account. In the final section, the unitary account, together with the communicative theory of divine punishment, is applied to the doctrine of hell.
Developing nursing research in the United Arab Emirates: a narrative review
Authors: McCreaddie M. , Kuzemski D. , Griffiths J. , Sojka E.M. , Fielding M. , Al Yateem N. , Williams J.J. 
Published: October 2017

AimThis article identified, critically analysed and synthesized the literature on international nursing and midwifery research capacity building and standards.BackgroundThe United Arab Emirates is heavily dependent up on expatriate nurses. Only 4% of nurses working within the country are Emirati. The nation is therefore committed to developing nurses and nursing as a profession.IntroductionThe United Arab Emirates’ Nursing and Midwifery Council was formed in 2009 and initially focused on regulation, education and specialization. This review was undertaken to inform the work of the Council's newly established Scientific Research Sub‐Committee.MethodsA rapid narrative review was conducted using the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature database, key words, Boolean operators, parameters and a journal‐specific search. An inclusion/exclusion criterion was identified.ResultsThe search provided 332 articles with 45 included in the final review. The literature on nursing research ‘standards’ and ‘capacity building’ is diverse and inconsistent across continents and in approaches.DiscussionNursing research has evolved to varying degrees across the globe. Nevertheless, irrespective of the locale, there are similar problems encountered in growing research, for example nursing faculty shortage, lack of collaborative research, funding. There are also specific challenges in the Middle East and North Africa region.LimitationsThe review was constrained by time and access.Conclusion and implications for nursing policyThere are specific challenges for the United Arab Emirates. However, the country is well placed to learn from the experiences of colleagues elsewhere. Time and commitment is required to build the solid foundations necessary to ensure robust, sustained growth. Identifying research capacity as both a process and outcome at the outset may also assist. Further, it may be prudent to consider initiating a Gulf Coast Countries’ collaborative approach to building research capacity to harness scare resources and create a larger critical mass.
Treatment abandonment in children with cancer in Sub‐Saharan Africa: Systematic literature review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mansell Rikka , Purssell Edward 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimsTo establish and quantify the main reasons for treatment abandonment in children with cancer in Sub‐Saharan Africa through a systematic review of the literature.BackgroundGreat advances have been made in the treatment of childhood cancer, however this requires that families are able to complete treatment. Failure to do this is referred to as treatment abandonment, which is recognized as a reason for treatment failure.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis of data on the reasons for treatment abandonment in Sub‐Saharan Africa.Data sourcesOvid MEDLINE 1946 to May Week 1 2017 and Embase 1974 to 2017 Week 19. Additional hand‐searching was undertaken.Review methodsTwo reviewers independently screened papers and extracted the data. The R package meta was used to calculate the relative risk of treatment abandonment or the proportion of parents stating a reason.ResultsThe relative risk of treatment abandonment was highest for not being in a research cohort; followed by mothers only having primary education, being HIV negative, parents not being employed, travel and no insurance. When parents who had abandoned treatment were asked, the most common reason was finance, followed by insurance, transport, lack of social support, their child appearing well, fear and waiting.ConclusionsMore data are needed on the extent of treatment abandonment in different countries. Clinicians should encourage parents without insurance to enrol onto the relevant insurance programme straight after diagnosis, provide housing for patients and families close to the treatment centres and to develop treatment at more localized centres.
Randomized controlled trial on the effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention on migraine: A study protocol
Authors: Renjith Vishnu , Pai Aparna , Radhakrishnan Kurupath , Nayak Baby S , Devi Elsa Sanatombi , Ladd Elissa , George Anice 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimTo describe a randomized controlled trial protocol that evaluates the effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention in improving the outcomes (quality of life, disability, intensity, frequency and duration) of patients with migraine.BackgroundMigraine affects various facets of Quality of Life and results in moderate to high levels of disability among migraineurs. Migraine pain can be intense and unremitting that can interfere with the daily routine and reduce the ability to think and function normally. Many people can lower their risk of a migraine by simply avoiding stress, getting enough sleep, eating regularly and by avoiding triggers. Hence, the present study aims at evaluating the effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention in managing migraine headaches. The multicomponent intervention includes behavioural lifestyle modification program and sessions of pranayama (a form of yogic breathing exercise).DesignThe study is a prospective, randomized, controlled, single‐blinded trial with parallel arms.MethodsThe study participants are randomized to intervention and control arms. The participants randomized to the intervention arm would receive the specific multicomponent intervention based on the protocol. The participants in the control arm would receive routine care. They are followed up for 24 weeks and the outcomes are assessed.DiscussionVarious studies report that non‐pharmacological therapies and integrative therapies play a major role in the management of migraine headaches. The findings of the study are expected to open up new horizons in health care arena emphasizing the use of non‐pharmacological therapy for less focused areas of primary care health problems such as migraine.Trial RegistrationThe trial is registered with the Clinical Trials Registry India (CTRI). The CTRI India is one of the primary registries in the WHO registry network (Ctri.nic.in, ). CTRI reference ID: CTRI/2015/10/006282.
The natural agent rhein induces β‐catenin degradation and tumour growth arrest
Authors: Liu Shu , Wang Jiao , Shao Ting , Song Peiying , Kong Qingbin , Hua Hui , Luo Ting , Jiang Yangfu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe natural agent rhein is an ananthraquinone derivative of rhubarb, which has anticancer effects. To determine the mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of rhein, we detected the effect of rhein on several oncoproteins. Here, we show that rhein induces β‐catenin degradation in both hepatoma cell HepG2 and cervical cancer cell Hela. Treatment of HepG2 and Hela cells with rhein shortens the half‐life of β‐catenin. The proteasome inhibitor MG132 blunts the downregulation of β‐catenin by rhein. The induction of β‐catenin degradation by rhein is dependent on GSK3 but independent of Akt. Treatment of HepG2 and Hela cells with GSK3 inhibitor or GSK3β knockdown abrogates the effect of rhein on β‐catenin. GSK3β knockdown compromises the inhibition of HepG2 and Hela cell growth by rhein. Furthermore, rhein dose not downregulate β‐catenin mutant that is deficient of phosphorylation at multiple residues including Ser33, Ser37, Thr41 and Ser45. Moreover, rhein induces cell cycle arrest at S phase in both HepG2 and Hela cells. Intraperitoneal administration of rhein suppresses tumour cells proliferation and tumour growth in HepG2 xenografts model. Finally, the levels of β‐catenin are reduced in rhein‐treated tumours. These data demonstrate that rhein can induce β‐catenin degradation and inhibit tumour growth.
The determinants of service complexity in children with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Stewart S. L. , Falah Hassani K. , Poss J. , Hirdes J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundTo date, little is known about the predictors of healthcare service utilisation in children with intellectual disability (ID). The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with service complexity in children with ID in Ontario, Canada.MethodsThe population of this cross‐sectional study consisted of 330 children with ID ages 4 to 18 years who accessed mental health services from November of 2012 to June of 2016 in four agencies. All participants completed the interRAI Child and Youth Mental Health and Developmental Disability Assessment Instrument, which is a semi‐structured clinician‐rated assessment that covers a range of common issues in children with ID. The outcome of this study was a service complexity variable based on (1) mental health service utilisation including any services provided to the child and (2) the management involved in providing that care. Eight individual items were summed, resulting in a scale that ranged from 0 to 8. Scores were then dichotomised into two groups: a score of 0–2 identified children with a low service complexity and a score of 3 or higher identified children with a high service complexity.ResultsAfter adjustment for other covariates, gender was not associated with service complexity. Children aged 11–14 years and children with autism spectrum disorder used over twofold higher levels of service complexity than children aged equal to or less than 10 years or children with other causes of ID. Moreover, victims of bullying, high scores on the family functioning scale or learning or communication disorder were associated with greater service complexity.ConclusionsThe findings of this study indicate that a variety of factors are related to service complexity ranged from children's nonclinical (age and experiences of bullying) to clinical (e.g. aggression, learning/communication problems and autism spectrum disorder) characteristics.
Dimensionality and internal structure of the Colombian version of the INICO‐FEAPS quality of life scale
Authors: Verdugo‐Alonso M. A. , Henao‐Lema C. P. , Córdoba‐Andrade L. , Arias González V. B. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackground and objectiveMeasuring quality of life (QoL) in people with intellectual disabilities (IDs) can help organisations and practitioners to implement evidence‐based practices and develop person‐centred planning and individualised supports. There is no reliable and valid instrument for assessing QoL in people with ID in Colombia. We investigated the internal structure of the Colombian version of the INICO‐FEAPS scale and tested whether the scale identified the eight interrelated domains of the QoL conceptual framework originally described by.MethodData were collected from 602 adults with moderate levels of ID and respective proxies, who completed the self‐report and the report by other scales, respectively. Five measurement models were tested through confirmatory factor analysis.ResultsThe eight correlated dimension model showed the best fit to the data. Reliability and convergent validity of the indicators were satisfactory in both versions of the scale (self‐report and proxy report).ConclusionsThis study contributes to research on QoL measurement by providing the first empirical evidence regarding the dimensionality, internal structure and psychometric properties of the Colombian version of the INICO‐FEAPS scale. Moreover, the study presents the first adaptation of a specific QoL scale for people with ID in Colombia, which may in the future be useful for implementing evidence‐based practices and developing person‐centred support plans.
Sexuality and individual support plans for people with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Stoffelen J. M. T. , Herps M. A. , Buntinx W. H. E. , Schaafsma D. , Kok G. , Curfs L. M. G. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundSexual rights and sexuality are important aspects of quality of life, also for people with intellectual disabilities (IDs). However, providing support in this area to people with ID poses some challenges. In this study, the content of individual support plan (ISP) documents was analysed to determine the extent to which sexuality and sexual rights are addressed in part of the ISP documents.MethodContent analysis was carried out on a sample of 187 ISP documents from seven different service provider organisations in the Netherlands. First, we conducted a lexical search using terms related to sexuality and sexual health. The retrieved segments were then analysed.ResultsA total of 159 ISP documents (85%) of 60 men and 99 women contained some reference to aspects of sexuality. However, these references were mostly descriptive and offered little guidance in terms of providing support. Moreover, these notations mostly described negative or problematic aspects of sexuality. References to sexual education, treatment, intervention programs or support strategies were rarely found in the ISP documents.ConclusionsAlthough sexuality is addressed in most ISP documents, there is little information available about the provision of professional support in this area that would give people the opportunity to exert sexual rights. As sexuality and exerting sexual rights are important for people with ID as well as for other people, it is recommended that issues surrounding proactive sex education, shared decision‐making and the implementation of sexual healthcare plans are addressed in the ISP.
The reaction history of kyanite in high‐P aluminous granulites
Authors: Kendrick Jillian , Indares Aphrodite 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCathodoluminescence (CL) mapping of kyanite in high pressure, aluminous granulites from the central Grenville Province reveals internal structures that are linked to their metamorphic reaction history. In two samples, individual kyanite crystals are shown to be composite porphyroblasts comprising three distinct generations, defined by their CL intensity and Cr (±V, Ti, Fe and Ga) content, and each separated by resorbed interfaces. In contrast, a sub‐aluminous sample contains two types of kyanite, one as resorbed inclusions in garnet and another in the groundmass or replacing garnet. These textural variants of kyanite are interpreted within the framework of phase equilibria modelling. In P–T pseudosections, a first generation of kyanite, which is only present in the most aluminous samples, is potentially linked to staurolite breakdown, and its resorption is consistent with a subsequent increase in pressure. This kyanite represents the earliest remnant of prograde metamorphism identifiable in these rocks. The second generation, present in the porphyroblasts in the same samples and as inclusions in garnet in the sub‐aluminous sample, is interpreted to be the peritectic product of muscovite dehydration melting. Resorption of this kyanite is consistent with subsequent continuous dehydration melting of biotite, which is also inferred based on microstructural considerations. The final generation of kyanite, present as rims on the prograde kyanite porphyroblasts in aluminous samples and as part of the groundmass or replacing garnet in the sub‐aluminous rock, is interpreted to have grown during melt crystallization upon retrogression. The presence of retrograde kyanite implies that the melt crystallized over a wide range of temperatures, and provides an important constraint on the P–T conditions of the metamorphic peak and on the retrograde P–T path. CL mapping is crucial for identifying retrograde kyanite in aluminous samples, as it preferentially overgrows existing kyanite rather than replacing other prograde phases. The scarcity of kyanite in sub‐aluminous rocks allows retrograde kyanite to grow as discrete crystals that can be identified by optical microscopy. This work attests to the potential of unconventional tools such as CL imaging for deciphering the metamorphic history of rocks.
The microstructure, local indium composition and photoluminescence in green‐emitting InGaN/GaN quantum wells
Authors: CHERY N. , NGO T.H. , CHAUVAT M.P. , DAMILANO B. , COURVILLE A. , DE MIERRY P. , GRIEB T. , MEHRTENS T. , KRAUSE F.F. , MÜLLER‐CASPARY K. , SCHOWALTER M. , GIL B. , ROSENAUER A. , RUTERANA P. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryIn this work, we analyse the microstructure and local chemical composition of green‐emitting InxGa1–xN/GaN quantum well (QW) heterostructures in correlation with their emission properties. Two samples of high structural quality grown by metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy (MOVPE) with a nominal composition of x = 0.15 and 0.18 indium are discussed. The local indium composition is quantitatively evaluated by comparing scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images to simulations and the local indium concentration is extracted from intensity measurements. The calculations point out that the measured indium fluctuations may be correlated to the large width and intensity decrease of the PL emission peak.
The biorhythm of human skeletal growth
Authors: Mahoney Patrick , Miszkiewicz Justyna J. , Chapple Simon , Le Luyer Mona , Schlecht Stephen H. , Stewart Tahlia J. , Griffiths Richard A. , Deter Chris , Guatelli‐Steinberg Debbie 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEvidence of a periodic biorhythm is retained in tooth enamel in the form of Retzius lines. The periodicity of Retzius lines (RP) correlates with body mass and the scheduling of life history events when compared between some mammalian species. The correlation has led to the development of the inter‐specific Havers–Halberg oscillation (HHO) hypothesis, which holds great potential for studying aspects of a fossil species biology from teeth. Yet, our understanding of if, or how, the HHO relates to human skeletal growth is limited. The goal here is to explore associations between the biorhythm and two hard tissues that form at different times during human ontogeny, within the context of the HHO. First, we investigate the relationship of RP to permanent molar enamel thickness and the underlying daily rate that ameloblasts secrete enamel during childhood. Following this, we develop preliminary research conducted on small samples of adult human bone by testing associations between RP, adult femoral length (as a proxy for attained adult stature) and cortical osteocyte lacunae density (as a proxy for the rate of osteocyte proliferation). Results reveal RP is positively correlated with enamel thickness, negatively correlated with femoral length, but weakly associated with the rate of enamel secretion and osteocyte proliferation. These new data imply that a slower biorhythm predicts thicker enamel for children but shorter stature for adults. Our results develop the intra‐specific HHO hypothesis suggesting that there is a common underlying systemic biorhythm that has a role in the final products of human enamel and bone growth.
A guide for effective anatomical vascularization studies: useful ex vivo methods for both CT and MRI imaging before dissection
Authors: Renard Yohann , Hossu Gabriela , Chen Bailiang , Krebs Marine , Labrousse Marc , Perez Manuela 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe objective of this study was to develop a simple and useful injection protocol for imaging cadaveric vascularization and dissection. Mixtures of contrast agent and cast product should provide adequate contrast for two types of ex vivo imaging (MRI and CT) and should harden to allow gross dissection of the injected structures. We tested the most popular contrast agents and cast products, and selected the optimal mixture composition based on their availability and ease of use. All mixtures were first tested in vitro to adjust dilution parameters of each contrast agent and to fine‐tune MR imaging acquisition sequences. Mixtures were then injected in 24 pig livers and one human pancreas for MR and computed tomography (CT) imaging before anatomical dissection. Colorized latex, gadobutrol and barite mixture met the above objective. Mixtures composed of copper sulfate (CuSO4) gadoxetic acid (for MRI) and iodine (for CT) gave an inhomogeneous signal or extravasation of the contrast agent. Agar did not harden sufficiently for gross dissection but appears useful for CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies without dissection. Silicone was very hard to inject but achieved the goals of the study. Resin is particularly difficult to use but could replace latex as an alternative for corrosion instead of dissection. This injection protocol allows CT and MRI images to be obtained of cadaveric vascularization and anatomical casts in the same anatomic specimen. Post‐imaging processing software allow easy 3D reconstruction of complex anatomical structures using this technique. Applications are numerous, e.g. surgical training, teaching methods, postmortem anatomic studies, pathologic studies, and forensic diagnoses.
Effect of a high‐cholesterol diet on lipoprotein metabolism and xanthoma formation in rabbits
Authors: Hu Hao , Gao Yak , Tang Jing , Zhao Yaozh , Wang Hui , Jiang Hua 
Published: October 2017

SummaryBackgroundXanthelasma is the most common type of cutaneous xanthoma and often occurs on the eyelids. Xanthoma has been reported to be highly correlated with abnormal lipoprotein metabolism.AimsIn this study, we wanted to investigate the effects of a high‐cholesterol diet on xanthoma formation and lipoprotein metabolism in rabbits.MethodsIn animals fed with high‐cholesterol diet, deteced plasma lipid [ie, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (L‐DLC)] levels and pathology of xanthoma.ResultsPlasma lipid levels were dramatically elevated within 8 weeks. In addition, high dietary cholesterol promoted xanthoma formation on the napex. Microscopic examination showed that foam cells laden with cholesterol deposits accumulated around the dermal capillaries and cutaneous appendages within the skin of the napex.ConclusionThese findings indicate a critical role for a high‐cholesterol diet in the dysregulation of lipoprotein metabolism and the development of xanthoma in rabbits. The results suggest that abnormal lipid metabolism may increase the occurrence of xanthoma.