bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weekly oral bisphosphonates over 2 years prevent bone loss in cardiac transplant patients
Authors: Lange Uwe , Classen Katharina , Müller‐Ladner Ulf , Richter Manfred 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundHeart transplantation (HTX) is an established therapy for end‐stage heart disease. The aim of this study was to determine whether application of oral bisphosphonates is effective in preventing osseous complications after HTX.MethodsThirty‐three cardiac transplant recipients were treated with alendronate 70 mg/wk or risedronate 35 mg/wk in combination with 1000 mg calcium and 800 IU vitamin D. Markers of bone metabolism and dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) were determined directly after HTX and 2 years later. Primary endpoints were changes in bone mineral density (BMD), markers of bone metabolism (osteocalcin, crosslaps), serum levels of the cytokines osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of NF kappa‐B ligand (RANKL), and incidence of fractures.ResultsEight patients presented with osteoporosis, and 16 patients with osteopenia by DXA without prevalent fractures. Over 2 years, the BMD improved in 2 patients from osteoporosis to osteopenia, and overall BMD remained stable, and fractures did not occur. In addition, the serum levels of OPG increased (P < .0005), and the RANKL levels (P < .001) as well as the RANKL/OPG‐ratio decreased significantly (P < .0005). The serum crosslaps showed no significant changes. The BMD showed a significant association with the increased 25‐vitamin D levels only in females (P < .001).ConclusionsIn heart transplanted patients, weekly oral bisphosphonates in combination with calcium and vitamin D supplementation preserved bone mass, prevented uncoupling of bone resorption/formation and fractures. Bone density should be measured and adequately treated, that is, with regular bisphosphonates.
Semaglutide improves postprandial glucose and lipid metabolism, and delays first‐hour gastric emptying in subjects with obesity
Authors: Hjerpsted Julie B. , Flint Anne , Brooks Ashley , Axelsen Mads B. , Kvist Trine , Blundell John 
Published: September 2017

AimTo investigate the effects of semaglutide on fasting and postprandial glucose and lipid responses, and on gastric emptying.Materials and methodsThis was a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, 2‐period, crossover trial. Subjects with obesity (N = 30) received once‐weekly subcutaneous semaglutide, dose‐escalated to 1.0 mg, or placebo. After each 12‐week treatment period, glucose and lipid metabolism were assessed before and after standardized meals. Gastric emptying (paracetamol absorption test) and peptide YY (PYY) response were also assessed.ResultsSemaglutide treatment significantly lowered fasting concentrations of glucose and glucagon, and increased insulin vs placebo (estimated treatment ratio: 0.95 [95% confidence interval: 0.91, 0.98]; 0.86 [0.75, 0.98]; 1.45 [1.20, 1.75], respectively). Postprandial glucose metabolism significantly improved with semaglutide vs placebo (incremental area under the curve 0 to 5 hours [iAUC0‐5h]; estimated treatment difference: glucose −1.34 mmol h/L [−2.42, −0.27]; insulin −921 pmol h/L [−1461, −381]; C‐peptide −1.42 nmol h/L [−2.33, −0.51]). Fasting and postprandial lipid metabolism improved with semaglutide vs placebo. First‐hour gastric emptying after the meal was delayed with semaglutide vs placebo (AUC0‐1h; estimated treatment ratio: 0.73 [0.61, 0.87]); this may have contributed to the lower postprandial glucose increase in semaglutide‐treated subjects. Overall gastric emptying (AUC0‐5h) was not statistically different between treatments. Fasting and postprandial PYY responses were significantly lower with semaglutide vs placebo (P = .0397 and P = .0097, respectively).ConclusionSemaglutide improved fasting and postprandial glucose and lipid metabolism. Overall gastric emptying was similar to that with placebo; however, the observed first‐hour delay with semaglutide may contribute to a slower entry of glucose into the circulation.
Mycobacterial infections in equids: Clinical characteristics and diagnostic techniques
Authors: Sutton D. G. M. , Michel A. L. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryMycobacterial infections in equids are relatively rare but the case report (Charlesworth 2017) detailed in this issue highlights that Mycobacterium bovis infections may still result in clinical signs in this incidental host and have zoonotic potential. Most reported cases of M. bovis in horses have a protracted disease course, with features including pyrexia, weight loss and oedema with a nonspecific inflammatory profile. As such, the clinical features of disease overlap with conditions such as neoplasia, peritonitis, protein‐losing enteropathies and bacterial infections including Rhodococcus equi and Lawsonia intracellularis. In this clinical satellite article, mycobacterial infections in equids are considered in terms of incidence and mode of transmission, key clinical features and perhaps most importantly, in terms of the diagnostic techniques that can be used in order to reach a definitive (ante mortem) diagnosis. The major zoonotic risk to veterinary personnel is likely to occur at the time of post‐mortem examination of infected horses, and awareness of these potential risks remains of the utmost importance.
Exosomes from human adipose‐derived stem cells promote proliferation and migration of skin fibroblasts
Authors: Choi Eun Wook , Seo Min Koo , Woo Eun Young , Kim Suk Hyung , Park Eun Joo , Kim Sue 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis study was undertaken to evaluate whether exosomes from human adipose‐derived stem cells (ASC‐exo) can stimulate the regeneration of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Immunoblotting and FACS analyses showed that ASC‐exo was positive for exosome markers. Fluorescence tracking revealed that the contents of ASC‐exo were transferred into the HDFs. ASC‐exo treatment also stimulated the proliferation and migration of HDFs in a dose‐dependent manner. Similarly, the expression levels of genes involved in skin cell proliferation were increased by ASC‐exo. Microarray analysis showed an enrichment of microRNAs that have regenerative function. We suggest that the ASC‐exo can stimulate skin cell proliferation.
The Diamantina Monazite: A New Low‐Th Reference Material for Microanalysis
Authors: Gonçalves Guilherme O. , Lana Cristiano , Scholz Ricardo , Buick Ian S. , Gerdes Axel , Kamo Sandra L. , Corfu Fernando , Rubatto Daniela , Wiedenbeck Michael , Nalini Hermínio A. , Oliveira Luiz Carlos A. 
Published: September 2017

Most monazite reference materials (RMs) for in situ U‐Pb geochronology are rich in Th; however, many hydrothermal ore deposits contain monazite that is low in trace element contents, including Th, U and Pb. Because of potential problems with matrix effects and the lack of appropriate matrix‐matched RMs, such variations can bias dating of hydrothermal deposits. In this paper, we describe a polycrystalline low‐U and low‐Th Diamantina monazite from the Espinhaço Range, SE Brazil. It has a U‐Pb ID‐TIMS weighted mean 207Pb*/235U ratio of 0.62913 ± 0.00079, 206Pb*/238U of 0.079861 ± 0.000088 and 207Pb*/206Pb* of 0.057130 ± 0.000031, yielding a weighted mean 206Pb*/238U date of 495.26 ± 0.54 Ma (95% c.l.). In situ dates acquired with different methods (LA‐(Q, SF, MC)‐ICP‐MS and SIMS) are within uncertainty of the ID‐TIMS data. U‐Pb LA‐(Q, MC)‐ICP‐MS runs, using Diamantina as a primary RM, reproduced the ages of other established RMs within < 1% deviation. The LA‐MC‐ICP‐MS analyses yielded homogeneous Sm‐Nd isotopic compositions (143Nd/144Nd = 0.511427 ± 23, 2s; 147Sm/144Nd = 0.1177 ± 13, 2s) and εNd(495 Ma) of −18.7 ± 0.5 (2s). SIMS oxygen isotope determinations showed measurement reproducibility better than ± 0.3‰ (2s), confirming Diamantina's relative homogeneity at test portion masses below 1 ng.
Thermal effects of Er3+/Yb3+‐doped NaYF4 phosphor induced by 980/1510 nm laser diode irradiation
Authors: Wang Hong , Yin Xiumei , Xing Mingming , Fu Yao , Tian Ying , Feng Xin , Jiang Tao , Luo Xixian 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe thermal effects of Er/Yb‐doped NaYF4 phosphor induced by 980/1510 nm laser diode irradiation were intuitively and contrastively investigated using an infrared thermal imaging technology with real‐time online monitoring. The Yb3+/Er3+ codoped materials have strong thermal effects and high‐temperature elevation under 980 nm irradiation. However, the severe thermal effects of materials with higher Er3+ ion doping concentration are remarkably attributed to the cross relaxation between the Er3+ ions under 980 nm irradiation. The energy transfer between Er3+ and Yb3+ ions in Er3+/Yb3+‐codoped materials also contributes to the thermal effects under 1510 nm laser diode irradiation. Under the same testing conditions, the temperature elevation ∆T of samples induced by 1510 nm laser diode irradiation is lower than that induced by 980 nm laser diode irradiation. The temperature rising rate and elevation ∆T value of samples depend on the ion doping concentration and power density of the laser diode excitation. The internal temperature of the samples exhibits deep temperature gradient under 980/1510 nm laser diode irradiation. By comparing the two kinds of thermometry methods, the temperature value calculated by fluorescence intensity ratio is almost similar to that obtained through infrared thermal imaging technology under higher excitation power pumping.
Facile synthesis of nanocrystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide from metallic tungsten powder and hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Tsuyumoto Isao 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA hexagonal form of tungsten trioxide (h‐WO3, particle size: 15.9‐57.1 nm) was found to be formed by a direct reaction between metallic tungsten powder (W, particle size: 0.45‐0.59 μm) and 15%‐30% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) aq solution. Oxide film on the powder surface having the similar crystal structure as h‐WO3 was essential for the formation, and the surface oxide film was formed by aging the powder in air at 45°C, a relative humidity of 100% (PH2O 96 hPa) for 3‐28 days or in ambient atmosphere at room temperature for 12 years. The Rietveld analysis performed in the space group P63/mcm (Z = 6) indicated the crystal structures were the same as those of the reported h‐WO3 and that the crystallographic characteristic was as follows: a = 0.74219 nm, c = 0.77198 nm for h‐WO3 from the 28‐day aged powder, and a = 0.74538 nm, c = 0.77194 nm for h‐WO3 from the 12‐year aged powder.
Deoxycholic acid promotes development of gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett's oesophagus by modulating integrin‐αv trafficking
Authors: Prichard David O. , Byrne Anne Marie , Murphy James O. , Reynolds John V. , O'Sullivan Jacintha , Feighery Ronan , Doyle Brendan , Eldin Osama Sharaf , Finn Stephen P. , Maguire Aoife , Duff Deirdre , Kelleher Dermot P. , Long Aideen 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe fundamental mechanisms underlying erosive oesophagitis and subsequent development of Barrett's oesophagus (BO) are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the contribution of specific components of the gastric refluxate on adhesion molecules involved in epithelial barrier maintenance. Cell line models of squamous epithelium (HET‐1A) and BO (QH) were used to examine the effects of bile acids on cell adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins (Collagen, laminin, vitronectin, fibronectin) and expression of integrin ligands (α3, α4, α5, α6 and αν). Experimental findings were validated in human explant oesophageal biopsies, a rat model of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and in patient tissue microarrays. The bile acid deoxycholic acid (DCA) specifically reduced adhesion of HET‐1A cells to vitronectin and reduced cell‐surface expression of integrin‐αν via effects on endocytic recycling processes. Increased expression of integrin‐αv was observed in ulcerated tissue in a rat model of GORD and in oesophagitis and Barrett's intestinal metaplasia patient tissue compared to normal squamous epithelium. Increased expression of integrin‐αν was observed in QH BO cells compared to HET‐1A cells. QH cells were resistant to DCA‐mediated loss of adhesion and reduction in cell‐surface expression of integrin‐αν. We demonstrated that a specific component of the gastric refluxate, DCA, affects the epithelial barrier through modulation of integrin αν expression, providing a novel mechanism for bile acid‐mediated erosion of oesophageal squamous epithelium and promotion of BO. Strategies aimed at preventing bile acid‐mediated erosion should be considered in the clinical management of patients with GORD.
Effect of connective tissue grafting on peri‐implant tissue in single immediate implant sites: A RCT
Authors: Zuiderveld Elise G. , Meijer Henny J. A. , den Hartog Laurens , Vissink Arjan , Raghoebar Gerry M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAimTo assess the effect of connective tissue grafting on the mid‐buccal mucosal level (MBML) of immediately placed and provisionalized single implants in the maxillofacial aesthetic zone.Materials and methodsSixty patients with a failing tooth were provided with an immediately placed and provisionalized implant. During implant placement, patients randomly received either a connective tissue graft from the maxillary tuberosity (n = 30, test group) or no graft (n = 30, control group). Follow‐up visits were at one (T1) and twelve months (T12) after final crown placement. The primary outcome measure was any change in MBML compared to the pre‐operative situation. In addition, gingival biotype, aesthetics (using the Pink Esthetic Score–White Esthetic Score), marginal bone level, soft tissue peri‐implant parameters and patient satisfaction were assessed.ResultsThe mean MBML change at T12 was −0.5 ± 1.1 mm in the control group and 0.1 ± 0.8 mm in the test group (p = .03). No significant differences regarding other outcome variables were observed, neither was gingival biotype associated with a gain or loss in MBML.ConclusionsThis one‐year study shows that connective tissue grafting in single, immediately placed and provisionalized implants leads to less recession of the peri‐implant soft tissue at the mid‐buccal aspect, irrespective of the gingival biotype (www.trialregister.nl: TC3815).
Addition of albumin to Traditional Risk Score Improved Prediction of Mortality in Individuals Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Grossman Yoni , Barbash Israel M. , Fefer Paul , Goldenberg Ilan , Berkovitch Anat , Regev Ehud , Fink Noam , Ben‐Zekry Sagit , Brodov Yafim , Kogan Alexander , Guetta Victor , Raanani Ehud , Segev Amit 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesThe ability of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) and European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE)‐2 scores to predict outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is insufficient. Frailty and serum albumin as a frailty marker were shown to correlate with prognosis after TAVR. We sought to evaluate the additive value of serum albumin to STS and EuroSCORE‐2 scores to predict mortality in individuals undergoing TAVR.DesignRetrospective analysis.SettingTertiary‐care hospital prospective registry.ParticipantsIndividuals who underwent TAVR (N = 426).MeasurementsWe compared survival rates according to median baseline albumin levels (4 g/dL), STS score (4.5%), and EuroSCORE‐2 (3.45%). Participants were divided into four groups according to median serum albumin and median STS and EuroSCORE‐2 scores (high vs low), and 1‐year survival rates were compared. A category‐free net reclassification index (NRI) was calculated to compare the ability of a model of STS or EuroSCORE‐2 alone to classify mortality risk with and without the addition of baseline serum albumin.ResultsParticipants with low albumin levels had higher mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 3.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.66–5.26, P < .001). Participants with low serum albumin and a high STS (HR = 4.55, 95% CI = 2.21–9.38, P < .001) or EuroSCORE‐2 (HR = 2.72, 95% CI = 1.48–5.06, P = .001) score had higher mortality. Using NRI analysis, a model that included albumin in addition to STS correctly reclassified 42% of events (NRI = 0.58) and a model that included albumin in addition to EuroSCORE‐2 correctly reclassified 44% of events (NRI = 0.64).ConclusionSerum albumin, as a marker of frailty, can significantly improve the ability of STS and EuroSCORE‐2 scores to predict TAVR‐related mortality.
Evaluating student learning outcomes in oral health knowledge and skills
Authors: Lewis Adrienne , Edwards Suzanne , Whiting Glenda , Donnelly Frank 
Published: September 2017

Aims and objectivesTo evaluate whether a set of oral health resources designed for workforce training was relevant for students undertaking an entry‐level nursing or aged care qualification.BackgroundOral health is one of the most neglected aspects of nursing care experienced by older people. Despite efforts to improve aged care worker oral health knowledge and skills, one‐off training and rapid staff turnover have hindered the success of workplace programmes. Inadequate oral health content in entry‐level nursing and aged care qualifications has perpetuated this.DesignKirkpatrick's training and evaluation model was used to evaluate the resources developed by a project called Building Better Oral Health Communities. Students used them as prescribed study materials and completed pre‐ and postintervention questionnaires. Educators were interviewed to obtain their feedback. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data were collated according to relevance to learning, presentation style and interest.ResultsEvaluation showed high levels of student and educator satisfaction. Student learning outcomes demonstrated consistently positive attitudes and significant self‐reported improvements in oral health knowledge and skills. Irrespective of course type, students gained similar levels of oral health knowledge and skills following use of the resources.ConclusionNurses and care workers must be able to provide consistent standards of oral health care as a fundamental part of caring for patients. Validated as an effective learning and teaching package, it is recommended that these resources be used to strengthen the oral health content of entry‐level nursing and aged care qualifications.Relevance to clinical practiceBuilding the oral health capacity of nurses and care workers is one way of reversing oral health neglect and improving the quality of care provided to older people.
Clinical Consequences of Hypertriglyceridemia‐Associated Proteinuria in Miniature Schnauzers
Authors: Smith R.E. , Granick J.L. , Stauthammer C.D. , Polzin D.J. , Heinrich D.A. , Furrow E. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundPrimary hypertriglyceridemia is a common condition in older Miniature Schnauzers that recently has been associated with proteinuria and underlying glomerular pathology, particularly glomerular lipid thromboemboli. Consequences of glomerular disease can include hypertension, thromboembolic disease, and cardiac disease. The incidence of these sequelae in Miniature Schnauzers with hypertriglyceridemia‐associated proteinuria (HTGP) is unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate prevalence of hypertension, decreased antithrombinIIIactivity, and cardiac disease in Miniature Schnauzers with and withoutHTGP.AnimalsThirty‐two Miniature Schnauzers ≥7 years old.MethodsProspective case‐control study. Data collected from dogs included aCBC, biochemistry panel, urinalysis, urine protein‐to‐creatinine ratio, urine cortisol‐to‐creatinine ratio, serum total thyroxine concentration, fasting serum triglyceride concentration, indirect blood pressure, antithrombinIIIactivity, and serum cardiac troponin I concentration. Results from dogs withHTGP(serum triglyceride concentration ≥ 100 mg/dLand urine protein‐to‐creatinine ratio >0.5) were statistically compared to normotriglyceridemic, nonproteinuric dogs.ResultsEighteen of the 32 dogs (56%) had primary hypertriglyceridemia. Of those dogs, 8 of 18 had proteinuria. None of theHTGPdogs were azotemic or hypoalbuminemic. Serum albumin concentration, alkaline phosphatase activity, and cholesterol concentration were significantly increased in dogs withHGTPcompared to those withoutHGTP. No increased risk of hypertension, decreased antithrombinIIIactivity, or cardiac disease was noted. Limited data from 8 dogs withHTGPshowed no development of hypoalbuminemia or azotemia over a median follow‐up period of 18 months.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceGeriatric Miniature Schnauzers withHGTPmay have a good prognosis overall, and are not typically azotemic or hypoalbuminemic.
Influence of Various Factors on Circulating 25(OH) Vitamin D Concentrations in Dogs with Cancer and Healthy Dogs
Authors: Weidner N. , Woods J.P. , Conlon P. , Meckling K.A. , Atkinson J.L. , Bayle J. , Makowski A.J. , Horst R.L. , Verbrugghe A. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundLow blood 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations have been associated with cancer in dogs. Little research has examined what other factors may affect 25(OH)D concentrations.Objectives(1) To determine whether the presence of cancer (lymphoma, osteosarcoma, or mast cell tumor [MCT]) in dogs is associated with plasma 25(OH)D concentrations and (2) identify other factors related to plasma 25(OH)D concentrations in dogs.AnimalsDogs newly diagnosed with osteosarcoma (n = 21), lymphoma (n = 27), and MCT (n = 21) presented to a tertiary referral oncology center, and healthy, client‐owned dogs (n = 23).MethodsAn observational study design was used. Dietary vitamin D intake, sex, age, body condition score (BCS), muscle condition score (MCS), and plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D, 24,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)2D) (a marker of CYP24A1 activity), as well as ionized calcium (ICa), parathyroid hormone, and parathyroid hormone‐related protein concentrations were measured. An analysis of covariance was used to model plasma 25(OH)D concentrations.ResultsCancer type (P = 0.004), plasma 24,25(OH)2D concentrations (P < 0.001), and plasma ICa concentrations (P = 0.047) had significant effects on plasma 25(OH)D concentrations. Effects of age, sex, body weight, BCS, MCS, and plasma PTH concentrations were not identified. A significant interaction between ICa and cancer was found (P = 0.005). Plasma 25(OH)D concentrations increased as ICa concentrations increased in dogs with cancer, whereas plasma 25(OH)D concentrations decreased as ICa concentrations increased in healthy dogs.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceResults support a relationship between cancer and altered vitamin D metabolism in dogs, mediated by plasma ICa concentrations. The CYP24A1 activity and plasma ICa should be measured in studies examining plasma 25(OH)D concentrations in dogs.