bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health‐related quality of life questionnaires in individuals with haemophilia: a systematic review of their measurement properties
Authors: Limperg P.F. , Terwee C.B. , Young N.L. , Price V.E. , Gouw S.C. , Peters M. , Grootenhuis M.A. , Blanchette V. , Haverman L. 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe evaluation of health related quality of life (HRQOL) is essential for a full assessment of the influence of an illness on patients’ lives. The aim of this paper is to critically appraise and compare the measurement properties of HRQOL questionnaires studied in haemophilia.MethodsBibliographic databases (Embase, Medline, Cinahl and PsycInfo) were searched for articles evaluating measurement properties of HRQOL questionnaires in haemophilia. Articles were excluded that did not report HRQOL measurement properties, or when <50% of the study population had haemophilia. The methodological quality of the selected studies was evaluated using the COSMIN checklist. The measurement properties of the HRQL questionnaires were rated as ‘positive’, ‘indeterminate’ or ‘negative’, accompanied by levels of evidence.ResultsThe search resulted in 1597 unique hits, of which 22 studies were included. These articles evaluated three questionnaires for children (CHO‐KLAT, Haemo‐QoL and one unnamed measure) and five for adults (Hemofilia‐QoL, Haemophilia Well‐Being Index, HAEMO‐QoL‐A, Haem‐A‐QoL, and SF‐36). The CHO‐KLAT was the paediatric measure that showed the strongest measurement properties in high‐quality studies. The Haemophilia Well‐Being Index and HAEMO‐QoL‐A performed best among the adult measures. None of the studies reported measurement error and responsiveness.ConclusionOur findings suggest that there is no need for new disease‐specific HRQOL questionnaires for haemophilia, but rather that additional research is necessary to document the measurement properties of the currently available questionnaires, specifically focusing on the structural validity, measurement error and responsiveness of these questionnaires.
Recycling of yttria‐stabilized zirconia waste powders in glazes suitable for ceramic tiles
Authors: Siligardi Cristina , Barbi Silvia , Casini Roberto , Tagliaferri Luca , Remigio Vito 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe aim of this work is to demonstrate the feasibility of valorizing and recycling Yttria‐stabilized Zirconia thermal spray waste into high value products for industrial and residential use. Based on the powders chemistry and morphology, this work aims to realize products, like frits suitable for white glazes and ceramic tiles. The focus is on one class of powder: high‐temperature and abrasion‐resistant ceramics, like Yttria‐stabilized zirconia. This study has revealed that the substitution of pure zirconia with waste Yttria‐stabilized zirconia is possible in high percentages, up to 100% to prepare frits suitable for white glazes.
Protected engagement time on older adult mental health wards: A thematic analysis of the views of patients, carers, and staff
Authors: Dodd Emily , Cheston Richard , Procter Charlie , Heneker Sarah , Gray Richard , Fox Chris , Nolan Fiona 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDuring protected engagement time (PET), ward routines are adjusted so that staff can spend time together with patients without interruption. The aim of PET is to increase staff and patient interaction on wards, and ultimately patient well‐being. Although PET has been implemented on inpatient wards within the UK, including older adult wards, there is no systematic evidence as to how PET is carried out or how it is experienced by staff, patients, and families. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 28 participants (8 patients, 10 family members, and 10 ward staff) from three different wards with PET, and transcriptions were analysed using thematic analysis. Three themes were identified: (i) the patient is at the heart of care; (ii) PET depends on staff; and (iii) tensions in how PET operates. There was support in our sample for the principles of PET and its potential for a positive impact on patient well‐being. However, the implementation of PET was identified as challenging, highlighting an existing tension between an individual's needs and the wider needs of patients on the ward as a whole. The impact of PET was generally described as being dependent on how PET was organized and the level of staff commitment to PET. Participants emphasized that if PET is to be successful, then it should be a fluid process that fits in with the local context.
First‐principles investigations on elevated temperature elastic and thermodynamic properties of ZrB2 and HfB2
Authors: Xiang Huimin , Feng Zhihai , Li Zhongping , Zhou Yanchun 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAs promising candidates for ultrahigh temperature applications, high‐temperature properties, which are quite rare and fragmentary, have great significance to ZrB2 and HfB2. In this work, thermodynamic and mechanical properties of ZrB2 and HfB2 from 0 K to 2000 K were investigated by a combination of first principles calculations and quasi‐harmonic approximations. The ground‐state properties, including lattice parameters, elastic constants, phonon dispersion, and mode‐Grüneisen parameters are calculated. The theoretical thermal expansion, elastic and thermodynamic properties at elevated temperatures show good agreement with experiments. By discussing Grüneisen parameters anisotropy, the mechanism for the thermal expansion anisotropy of ZrB2 and HfB2 is uncovered. The influence of direction‐dependent sound velocities on the anisotropy of thermal conductivity is also discussed.
Structural features and thermoelectric properties of Al‐doped (ZnO)5In2O3 homologous phases
Authors: Košir Mateja , Čeh Miran , Ow‐Yang Cleva W. , Guilmeau Emmanuel , Bernik Slavko 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn this work, we investigated the influence of Al doping on the structure of the (ZnO)5In2O3 homologous phase and the thermoelectric characteristics of (ZnO)5(In1−xAlx)2O3 ceramics for x=0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2, prepared using a classic ceramic procedure and sintering at 1500°C for 2 hours. The Al substituted for In on both the primary sites in the Zn5(In1−xAlx)2O8 homologous phase, the octahedral sites in the basal‐plane inversion boundaries and the trigonal bi‐pyramidal sites in the zig‐zag inversion boundaries, which resulted in a uniformly increased shrinkage of the unit cell with the additions of Al. The a and c parameters were reduced for x=0.2 by a maximum 0.8%. All the samples had similar microstructures, so the differences in the TE characteristics mainly resulted from the effects of the substitution of Al for In, decreasing the charge‐carrier concentration and affecting their mobility. Slightly improved TE characteristics were only observed for Al additions with x=0.01‐0.05, while larger additions of Al only resulted in a reduced electrical conductivity and decreased ZT values in comparison to the un‐doped composition.
High‐temperature piezoelectric properties of 0‐3 type CaBi4Ti4O15:x wt%BiFeO3 composites
Authors: Hussain Ahmad , Qaiser Muhammad Adnan , Zhang Ji , Zhang Shan‐Tao , Wang Yiping , Yang Ying , Liu Zhiguo , Yuan Guoliang 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe 0‐3 type CaBi4Ti4O15:30 wt%BiFeO3 composite shows much better high‐temperature piezoelectric properties than the single‐phase CaBi4Ti4O15 or BiFeO3 ceramics. The composite with 0‐3 type connectivity exhibits a high density of 7.01 g/cm3, a saturated polarization of 21.5 μC/cm2 and an enhanced piezoelectric d33 of 25 pC/N. After the poled composite was annealed at 600°C, its d33 is 21 pC/N at room temperature. Resistance of the composite decreases slowly from 109 ohm at 20°C to ~105 ohm at 500°C. Furthermore, the poled composite shows strong radial and thickness dielectric resonances at 20°C‐500°C.
Investigation of MnO2‐doped (Ba, Ca)TiO3 lead‐free ceramics for high power piezoelectric applications
Authors: Chen Lei , Fan Huiqing , Zhang Shujun 
Published: April 2017

Abstractx% mol MnO2‐doped Ba0.925Ca0.075TiO3 ceramics (abbreviated as BCT‐Mnx, x=0‐1.5) were synthesized by conventional solid‐state reaction method. The effects of MnO2 addition and (Ba+Ca)/Ti mole ratio (A/B ratio) on the microstructure and electrical properties of the ceramics were investigated. The internal bias filed Ei was determined from the asymmetrical polarization hysteresis loops and found to increase with the doping concentration of MnO2. High mechanical quality factors (Qm>1200) and low dielectric loss (tanδ<0.5%) were found in the BCT‐Mn0.75 and BCT‐Mn1.0 ceramics with Ei>3 kV/cm, meanwhile, the piezoelectric and electromechanical properties were found to decrease compared with the pure BCT, exhibiting a typical characteristic of “hard” behavior. Of particular interest is that the microstructure of BCT‐Mn0.75 ceramics could be controlled by changing the A/B ratio, where enhanced piezoelectric coefficient d33 on the order of 190 pC/N was obtained in the BCT‐Mn0.75 ceramics with A/B=1.01 due to its fine‐grained microstructure, with yet high Qm, being on the order of 1000. The high d33 and Qm in MnO2‐doped BCT ceramics make it a promising candidate for high power piezoelectric applications.
A comparative study of physical properties in Fe3O4 nanoparticles prepared by coprecipitation and citrate methods
Authors: Gholizadeh Ahmad 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMagnetite exhibits unique structural, electronic, and magnetic properties in extreme conditions that are of great research interest. In this work, the effects of preparation technique on X‐ray peak broadening, magnetic and elastic moduli properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles prepared by coprecipitation (FcP‐NPs) and citrate (FC‐NPs) methods have been investigated. The structural characterization of the samples is evidence for a cubic structure with Fd‐3m space group. The Williamson‐Hall analysis was used to study crystallite sizes and lattice strain of the samples and also stress and energy density. In addition, the crystallite sizes are compared with the particle sizes and the magnetic core sizes obtained from TEM and VSM methods, respectively. In addition, the cation distribution obtained from calculated inversion parameter indicate that in the smaller particles, more amount of Fe2+ on the tetrahedral sites can be related to higher stress induced in the FcP‐NPs compared to the FC‐NPs. The saturation magnetization of the FcP‐NPs is almost two times bigger than the saturation magnetization of the FC‐NPs. It could be attributed to the decrease in the negative interaction on the octahedral site and also the magnetic moment on the tetrahedral site of the FcP‐NPs. The increase in force constants of the FC‐NPs determined by infrared spectra analysis compared to FcP‐NPs suggests the strengthening of their interatomic bonding. The values of shear and longitudinal wave velocities obtained from force constants have been used to determine the values of Young's modulus, rigidity modulus, bulk modulus, and Debye temperature. By comparison of the elastic results of FC‐NPs with the FcP‐NPs, we can observe that the elastic properties of the F‐NPs have been improved by synthesis method, while Poisson's ratio almost remains constant. In addition, using the values of the compliance sij obtained from elastic stiffness constants, the values of Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio along the oriented direction [hkl] have been calculated for the samples.
Effect of synthesis procedure on carbonation of calcium‐silicate‐hydrate
Authors: Hunnicutt William , Struble Leslie , Mondal Paramita 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCarbonation of synthesized calcium‐silicate‐hydrate (C–S–H) is difficult to avoid and can have significant impact on the molecular structure. Considerable carbonation was observed in C–S–H synthesized from the double decomposition of sodium silicate and calcium nitrate solutions but not in C–S–H synthesized from the direct reaction of fumed silica and calcium hydroxide solution. In order to isolate the cause of the greater carbonation in C–S–H synthesized by double decomposition, carbonation was induced in phase‐pure C–S–H by reaction with four different water‐based solutions containing dissolvedCO2with varyingpHand alkali content. Powder X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and29Si nuclear magnetic resonance were used to probe the carbonation and the resulting changes in molecular structure. ThepHof the solution was seen to strongly influence the degree of carbonation, while the alkali content had much less effect.
Experimental investigation and thermodynamic evaluation of the C–Hf–O ternary system
Authors: Réjasse Florian , Rapaud Olivier , Trolliard Gilles , Masson Olivier , Maître Alexandre 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe first part of this work is dedicated to an experimental investigation of the C–Hf–O system and in particular to the stability domain of the HfCxOy oxycarbide phase formed through the carbothermal reduction in HfO2 by carbon black at 1650 and 1750°C. This study which has been carried out by coupling chemical elemental analysis of powder with a structural approach by X‐ray powder diffraction and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) shows that the solid solution of the oxygen ranges from HfC0.98±0.01O0.02±0.03 to HfC0.90±0.01O0.10±0.03 at 1650°C and from HfC0.97±0.01O0.03±0.03 to HfC0.89±0.01O0.11±0.03 at 1750°C. It was then concluded that contrary with earlier previous results from the literature, the stability field of the solid solution is very limited and not very sensitive to temperature. This behavior is also in contrast with results obtained on the ZrCxOy oxycarbide which shows an isostructural form of HfCxOy. The second part of the paper reports on the first modeling of the ternary thermodynamic diagram of the C–Hf–O system by the CALPHAD method. The accurate data experimentally obtained on the solid solution were integrated as diagrammatic data for the calculation. The modeling was based on from already published binary assessments after a selection of compatible binary models and the description of the HfCxOy solid solution was then added and optimized using the data of this work. As a result, a set of coherent parameters has been obtained, allowing to calculate isothermal sections of this C–Hf–O ternary system.
Diffusion of water in silica glass in the absence of stresses
Authors: Wiederhorn Sheldon M. , Rizzi Gabriele , Wagner Susanne , Hoffmann Michael J. , Fett Theo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the diffusion of water vapor into silica glass at relatively low temperatures, 25°C to ≈500°C. Extensive studies of such diffusion by others have shown that water diffusion from inert gases behaves differently than diffusion from liquid water. In liquid water, the concentration of water at the surface quickly achieves saturation value. In gas, the concentration of water at the surface does not achieve a constant value, but builds up with time eventually reaching a steady state value. Here, we show that published data can be explained by assuming the existence of a surface barrier to the diffusion of water into the silica glass. We develop equations that quantify the diffusion rate through the barrier; the diffusion results are consistent with published data. We suggest that barrier formation is a consequence of the structure of the silica glass at the free surface and the way that water reacts at the surface in contrast to the way it reacts in the bulk glass. This description gives a quantitative explanation of the development of a diffusion barrier and provides a contrast between the way liquid water and water vapor behave at a free surface.
Temperature‐ and E‐field‐dependent domain configuration and electrical properties in (K, Na, Li)(Nb, Ta, Sb)O3 single crystal
Authors: Wang Junjun , Zheng Limei , Lü Weiming , Yang Liya , Yang Bin , Zhang Rui , Lv Tianquan , Cao Wenwu 
Published: April 2017

AbstractE‐field‐ and temperature‐dependent domain evolution of lead‐free tetragonal (K, Na, Li)(Nb, Sb, Ta)O3 (KNLNTS) single crystals as well as its corresponding electrical properties have been investigated. When E field is applied along [011]C direction, (2T) engineered domain structure is formed. Spontaneous polarizations switch under a critical electric field (around 4‐5 kV/cm), resulting in significant changes in domain structure and great improvement in piezoelectric properties. Furthermore, it is found that piezoelectric constant d31 and electromechanical coupling factor k31 of [011]C poled KNLNTS single crystal decrease with temperature. The extrinsic and intrinsic piezoelectric responses are discussed from the viewpoint of domain structure and lattice distortion, respectively. Our results show that the nanodomain structure relaxes and the lattice distortion declines with temperature, resulting in reduction of extrinsic and intrinsic piezoelectric responses, respectively. Therefore, the piezoelectric instability is ascribed to the decrease of both extrinsic and intrinsic contributions. This work provides a better understanding of domain engineering technique, and the useful information on the improvement of both piezoelectricity and temperature stability of the lead‐free piezoelectric materials.
A randomised controlled trial to test the effect of promoting caregiver contingent talk on language development in infants from diverse socioeconomic status backgrounds
Authors: McGillion Michelle , Pine Julian M. , Herbert Jane S. , Matthews Danielle 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundEarly language skills are critical for later academic success. Lower socioeconomic status (SES) children tend to start school with limited language skills compared to advantaged peers. We test the hypothesis that this is due in part to differences in caregiver contingent talk during infancy (how often the caregiver talks about what is in the focus of the infant's attention).MethodsIn a randomised controlled trial with high and low SES families, 142 11‐month olds and their caregivers were randomly allocated to either a contingent talk intervention or a dental health control. Families in the language intervention watched a video about contingent talk and were asked to practise it for 15 min a day for a month. Caregiver communication was assessed at baseline and after 1 month. Infant communication was assessed at baseline, 12, 15, 18 and 24 months.ResultsAt baseline, social gradients were observed in caregiver contingent talk to their 11‐month olds (but not in infant communication). At posttest, when infants were 12 months old, caregivers across the SES spectrum who had been allocated to the language intervention group engaged in significantly more contingent talk. Lower SES caregivers in this intervention group also reported that their children produced significantly more words at 15 and 18 months. Effects of the intervention did not persist at 24 months. Instead expressive vocabulary at this age was best predicted by baseline infant communication, baseline contingent talk and SES.ConclusionsA social gradient in children's communication emerges during the second year of life. A low‐intensity intervention demonstrated that it is possible to increase caregiver contingent talk and that this is effective in promoting vocabulary growth for lower SES infants in the short term. However, these effects are not long‐lasting, suggesting that follow‐up interventions may be necessary to yield benefits lasting to school entry.
Molecular cloning of MDA5, phylogenetic analysis of RIG‐I‐like receptors (RLRs) and differential gene expression of RLRs, interferons and proinflammatory cytokines after in vitro challenge with IPNV, ISAV and SAV in the salmonid cell line TO
Authors: Nerbøvik I‐K G , Solheim M A , Eggestøl H Ø , Rønneseth A , Jakobsen R A , Wergeland H I , Haugland G T 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe RIG‐I receptors RIG‐I, MDA5 and LGP2 are involved in viral recognition, and they have different ligand specificity and recognize different viruses. Activation of RIG‐I‐like receptors (RLRs) leads to production of cytokines essential for antiviral immunity. In fish, most research has focused on interferons, and less is known about the production of proinflammatory cytokines during viral infections. In this study, we have cloned the full‐length MDA5 sequence in Atlantic salmon, and compared it with RIG‐I and LGP2. Further, the salmonid cell line TO was infected with three fish pathogenic viruses, infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) and salmonid alphavirus (SAV), and differential gene expression (DEG) analyses of RLRs, interferons (IFNa‐d) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α1, TNF‐α2, IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐12 p40s) were performed. The DEG analyses showed that the responses of proinflammatory cytokines in TO cells infected with IPNV and ISAV were profoundly different from SAV‐infected cells. In the two aforementioned, TNF‐α1 and TNF‐α2 were highly upregulated, while in SAV‐infected cells these cytokines were downregulated. Knowledge of virus recognition by the host and the immune responses during infection may help elucidate why and how some viruses can escape the immune system. Such knowledge is useful for the development of immune prophylactic measures.
Changes in the gut microbiome of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) in response to White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection
Authors: Ding Z F , Cao M J , Zhu X S , Xu G H , Wang R L 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIntestinal microorganisms play important roles in maintaining host health, but their functions in aquatic animal hosts have yet to be fully elucidated. The Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, is one such example. We attempted to identify the shift of gut microbiota that occurred in response to infection of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), an emerging viral pathogen in the crab aquaculture industry. The microbiota may exert some control over aspects of the viral pathogenesis. We investigated the changes in composition and structure of the crab gut microbiome during various WSSV infection stages of 6 h post‐infection (hpi) and 48 hpi, using a 16S rRNA approach on the MiSeq Illumina sequencing platform. Four phyla (Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Tenericutes and Bacteroidetes) were most dominant in the gut of E. sinensis regardless of the WSSV infection stages. However, further analysis revealed that over 12 bacterial phyla, 44 orders and 68 families were significantly different in abundance at various states of WSSV infection. Several intriguing aspects of E. sinensis gut bacteria that had not been previously reported were also uncovered, such as class Mollicutes was dominant here, but absent in crabs from Yangtze River estuary and Chongming Islands. Overall, this study provided the first evidence that changes in gut microbiome were closely associated with the severity of WSSV infection and that indicator taxa could be used to evaluate the crab health status.