bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENENTUAN BAKTERI SULFAT REDUCING BACTERIA (SRB) DAN SULFUR OXIDAZING BACTERIA (SOB) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Nurjanna Nurjanna , Fajrihanif Ahmadirrahman 
Published: October 2016

Pengamatan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui populasi bakteri pereduksi sulfat dan pengoksidasi sulfur pada sedimen tambak menggunakan larutan pengencer yang berbeda. Sampel sedimen sebanyak 5 g digerus dengan lumpang penggerus yang steril hingga homogen. Dua jenis larutan pengencer yang steril yaitu larutan garam fisiologis (NaCl 0,85%) 9 mL dan larutan Artificial Sea Water (ASW) atau larutan air laut buatan 9 mL disiapkan. Selanjutnya masing-masing 1 g sedimen tambak yang telah homogen dimasukkan ke dalam larutan pengencer tersebut, kemudian divortex hingga homogen. Setelah homogen masing-masing diambil 100 L, kemudian dimasukkan dalam media penumbuh bakteri SRB dan SOB dalam microplate 24 lubang yang telah disiapkan sebelumnaya. Biakan tersebut kemudian diinkubasi secara Anaerobik selama 12 hari untuk bakteri SRB dan 14 hari untuk SOB. Pengamatan populasi bakteri SRB dilakukan dengan melihat adanya perubahan warna media dari warna merah muda menjadi warna hitam, sedangkan bakteri SOB dapat dilihat dengan adanya perubahan dari warna biru muda menjadi merah bata setelah penambahan larutan kalium iodid (larutan KI 1%) sebanyak 1 mL/lubang microplate. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa populasi bakteri SRB dengan menggunakan pelarut ASW dan garam fisiologis relatif sama terutama pada percobaan periode II dan IV. Sedangkan populasi bakteri SOB relatif lebih tinggi pada penggunaan pelarut garam fisiologis (NaCl 0,85%) dibanding pelarut ASW.
INFEKSI MYCOBACTERIOSIS PADA IKAN BUDIDAYA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Supriyadi Hambali 
Published: October 2016

Penyakit akibat infeksi bakteri telah banyak ditemukan pada usaha budidaya ikan baik di dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Penyakit akibat infeksi bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila telah banyak menimbulkan kerugian pada budidaya ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio), gurame (Osphronemus gouramy), dan ikan lele (Clarias batrachus). Penyakit tersebut juga telah menimbulkan kerugian yang tidak sedikit pada usaha budidaya ikan hias. Penyakit lain yang sekarang menjadi masalah yang tidak ringan pada usaha budidaya ikan adalah penyakit akibat infeksi bakteri Mycobacterium fortuitum. Penyakitnya terkenal dengan sebutan “mycobacteriosis” atau sering juga di istilahkan dengan “fish tuberculosis”. Lebih dari 150 jenis ikan baik ikan air tawar maupun ikan laut dapat terinfeksi oleh penyakit tersebut. Penyakit tersebut selain dapat menginfeksi ikan dapat juga menginfeksi manusia, terutama pada pembudidaya yang dalam menangani ikan yang terinfeksi oleh penyakit ini tidak dilakukan dengan hati-hati. Di Indonesia telah dilakukan beberapa penelitian tentang jenis ikan yang terinfeksi maupun sebarannya terutama di Pulau Jawa. Telah diketahui bahwa penyakit ini terutama menginfeksi ikan gurame (Osphronemus gouramy). Gejala klinis serangannya serta cara untuk diagnosa dan deteksi bagi penyakit tersebut telah banyak diteliti. Treatment/pengobatan terhadap penyakit tersebut relatif agak susah, jadi tindakan yang lebih baik dilaksanakan adalah tindakan pencegahan, dan segera memusnahkan dengan cara dikubur dan atau dibakar, apabila kita menemukan ikan yang terinfeksi oleh penyakit tersebut.
BEBERAPA JENIS IKAN LOKAL YANG POTENSIAL UNTUK BUDIDAYA: Domestikasi, Teknologi Pembenihan, dan Pengelolaan Kesehatan Lingkungan Budidaya
Authors: Nugroho Estu , Sukadi Mochammad Fatuchri , Huwoyon Gleni Hasan 
Published: October 2016

Biodiversitas ikan-ikan air tawar lokal asli Indonesia sangat berlimpah namun belum banyak dimanfaatkan dalam budidaya. Pemanfaatan secara langsung masih dalam taraf penangkapan di alam yang dikhawatirkan dapat membahayakan populasinya di alam. Salah satu alternatif untuk pencegahannya adalah dengan upaya meningkatkan budidaya dan mengurangi penangkapan yang berlebihan. Langkah pertama yang dibutuhkan adalah melakukan domestikasi untuk mendapatkan teknologi pembenihannya dan upaya pengelolaan lingkungan yang dibutuhkannya. Sekitar 20 jenis ikan lokal asli Indonesia telah dimanfaatkan dalam budidaya ikan konsumsi, sedangkan teknologi yang telah berhasil dikembangkan tercatat pada 7 jenis ikan air tawar seperti ikan baung, jelawat, nilem, kancra, tawes, belida, dan betutu.
Radość zbierania. Filozoficzne aspekty kolekcjonerstwa
Authors: Nowak Witold 
Published: October 2016

Artykuł jest poświęcony filozoficznym aspektom zbierania i kolekcjonowania rzeczy. Wychodzę od jednej z gatunkowych definicji człowieka jako „zbieracza” – zbieranie określa istotę ludzką od jej półzwierzęcych początków. Następnie przechodzę do omówienia i analizy głównych relacji, jakie łączą człowieka z rzeczami (naturalnymi i artefaktami). W zakończeniu staram się pokazać, że obcowanie z rzeczami może – pod pewnymi warunkami – przynieść człowiekowi więcej radości aniżeli ich konsumowanie.
Separation as a Primary Source of Unhappiness in Modern Society
Authors: Sadowski Sydney 
Published: October 2016

This article addresses the causes of unhappiness in modern society from the perspective of three twentieth century writers. G. K. Chesterton, Josef Ratzinger (Benedict XVI) and Karl Rahner. In his work Orthodoxy, G. K. Chesterton, states that the virtues have been separated from each other and as such have gone mad. The effect of this causes separation in people as well. Josef Ratzinger proposes that in modern society death has been separated from life, the effect of which is a distortion of both. Karl Rahner demonstrates how people can become unhappy and unable to deal with the ever­‑changing situations of life because the modern person attempts to be happy by controlling and constructing his or her own future. The perspectives of these writers are used in this article to explain factors, which play upon the growing phenomenon of separateness and individualism that account for a feeling of isolation and unhappiness in modern societies.Also, a solution to these problems will be addressed suggesting a way that each individual, even from the very place of his or her own separateness, can attempt to join with others, but more specifically to help the other, as a way to overcome the isolation, fear, and separateness that lead to unhappiness.
Szczęście i perspektywa postrzegania czasu
Authors: Koc-Kozłowiec Barbara 
Published: October 2016

Czas, a dokładniej jego postrzeganie, ma wpływ na poczucie szczęścia i zadowolenie z życia. Postrzeganie czasu zachodzi w trzech perspektywach: przeszłość, teraźniejszość oraz przyszłość. Myśląc o przeszłości, można przywołać w pamięci momenty dobre lub złe, co wzbudzi radość/smutek. Czynności wykonywane w teraźniejszości łączą się także z uczuciem zadowolenia (np. oglądanie pięknych przedmiotów) lub też nie. Natomiast antycypując przyszłość, człowiek indukuje określone uczucia (radość/smutek). W pracy Autorka prezentuje wyniki badań na temat perspektywy postrzegania czasu u badanych osób i ich poczucia szczęścia.
Well Placement with Multilayer Bed Boundary Detection Technology as the Key to Reduce Complex Uncertainties
Authors: Dunaev V. , Makhambetov A. , Leontyev D. , Nazipov D. , Khabibullin R. , Sharov M. , Karpov V. , Karandey A. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
To operate with the maximum efficiency and lead in the industry, the operators should utilize the most innovative technology. An operator, RITEK JSC, is one of the subsidiaries of the LUKOIL group, whose objectives are to implement the most up-to-date technologies.
Implementation of innovations is the fundamental principle of operations and development of the operator. Since 1992, the operator has been developing and implementing high-performance technologies to sustain and increment hydrocarbon reserves and improve production rates, upgrading operating facilities, optimizing work processes and employing highly experienced professionals.
One of the fields where the innovative technology was implemented, was the field named after V. Vinogradov, previously known as Bolshoe Olkhovskoe. The field, discovered in 1986, is located in Beloyarsky district of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District of Tyumen region. According to the volume of hydrocarbon reserves, the field is considered medium size, with complex geology.
Calculation Algorithm for Oil PVT-Properties
Authors: Darya Serebryakova 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This paper describes a new algorithm for calculating oil PVT-properties and associated petroleum gas. The technique was created to increase the accuracy of the standard "Black Oil" model.
The method proposed is based on new correlation dependencies, material balance and correlation dependencies published by other authors in the past. To obtain new correlations, new compositional simulator (written in Visual Basic) and synthetic-oils were used. Bank of synthetic-oils covers a range of the PVT properties of real-oils (mainly Russian oil fields). Synthetic-oils are assumed to include only hydrocarbon components. Oil and gas PVT-properties at different temperature and pressure conditions were obtained by calculation using Peng-Robinson equation of state with shift parameter. Then correlations for properties at pressure below bubble-point pressure conditions have been created.
New correlations were tested on real oils from Data Bank (certain from Russian fields). For this comparative calculations have been carried out. Calculations based on the new correlations were compared with calculations based on compositional models. Resulting correlations were found applicable. Resulting correlations may be used for calculations with the proposed method as well as independently as an alternative to other existing calculate correlations. In general, for the calculations using the method concerned, parameters the only required are the same as for the model Black Oil: the density of oil and gas in standard conditions, the initial gas-oil ratio, temperature and pressure. Since the calculations with the approach developed are based on simple mathematical equations with use of minimum of input parameters and they don't require special software, the technique involved can be easily applied in making engineering decisions.
Mechanism of Oil Displacement During Polymer Flooding in Porous Media with Micro-Inhomogeneities
Authors: Shandrygin A. , Shelepov V. , Ramazanov R. , Andrianov N. , Klemin D. , Nadeev A. , Safonov S. , Yakimchuk I. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process selection is an important part of field development strategy. One of the most important categories of EOR methods utilize certain chemical components that enhance the fluid properties. Polymer-enhanced waterfloods are one of the examples. During conventional waterfloods, the flow characteristics and displacement efficiency usually depends on a certain rock type in study. In a chemical EOR flood, there are a large number of parameters needed to be defined and optimized that impact process efficiency. The attempt to execute corefloods for various combinations of these parameters for each rock type would lead to a large number of tests not executable in a time frame compatible with timely decision making. And the destructive nature of the experimental chemical EOR floods prohibits repeated testing on the same core sample. The natural difference between the samples selected for the study can prevail over the process efficiency difference related to the certain design parameter in the study.
Digital core analysis can help to optimize design of EOR floods and reduce the associated uncertainty. In this work we apply digital core analysis to investigate the dynamics of oil displacement, using water and water-based polymer solutions in porous media. The described technology application includes scanning of core samples using X-ray microtomography, creating digital models for the samples in study, and running pore-scale hydrodynamic modeling using the density functional hydrodynamics (DFH) method, which combines density functional theory with compositional multiphase hydrodynamics. The results include visual snapshots of phase distributions at pore scale for various times during the waterflooding and polymer solution flooding at various concentrations.
Polymer-enhanced waterflooding increased the displacement coefficient by almost 2% and 20% for low- and high-concentrated polymer solutions, respectively. This effect was further explained by analyzing the dynamics of oil displacement on a pore scale. The results show an exemplary sensitivity study that investigates the dependency of the displacement coefficient on the polymer solution type and concentration. Additional sensitity studies with varying design parameters (slug size, injection sequence, polymer type, etc.) can be also performed.
3D Fracture Modeling and Fracture-Height Mapping Using Different Logging Methods in the Vertical Well
Authors: Chernyshev Alexey , Podberezhny Maxim , Astafyev Vladimir , Timakov Evgeny , Koplik Alexander 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Modeling the correct fracture geometry in hydraulic fracturing simulators is challenging. Mapping the fracture can reduce the degree of uncertainty and help adjust the hydraulic fracturing model in the simulator. To map fracture height, acoustic or temperature logging can be used, as well as pulsed-neutron logging combined with tagged nonradioactive tracer (NRT) neutron-absorbing proppant. This article compares the data for modeling a hydraulic fracture in pseudo three-dimensional (P3D) and full 3D (F3D) hydraulic fracturing simulators with the results of studies of mapping fracture height in a well.
Analysis of well survey data allowed assessment of the degree of fracture penetration from an oil reservoir through a clay barrier in an aquifer. Interpretation of cross-dipole acoustic logging, which characterizes impaired continuity of the medium, coincides with the interpretation of dual-burst thermal-decay time log (DBTDT) data, reflecting NRT proppant placement in hydraulic fractures near the wellbore. Bottomhole pressure analysis and comparison of production before and after hydraulic fracturing also confirm fracture height measured using two methods: F3D and P3D modeling. The experiment showed that F3D modeling more accurately calculates fracture height than P3D modeling. The interpretation of temperature logging does not correspond to the fracture model and is not supported by other logging methods; therefore, this type of logging cannot be used to adjust fracturing design models.
Well Intervention Using Plasma Technologies
Authors: Kristofic Tomas , Kocis Ivan , Balog Tomas , Gajdos Matus , Kocis Igor , Gelfgat Mikhail 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The paper presents progress made in research and development (R&D) of emerging plasma-based technology for well intervention applications. The technology potential for various upstream applications has been presented at some other SPE conferences (March and September 2015 and January 2016). Current development phase, which is intended for well plug and abandonment (P&A) operations, allows planning applications relevant to modern well intervention needs such as slot recovery, re-entry, lateral drilling and several others.
The experimental basis uses a project plan, which is adequate for development tasks and is periodically updated based on the achieved results. This paper presents results of the latest experiments which focused on the evaluation of cement removal ability and quantification of plasma radial reach.
The paper includes several sections. The first section is Introduction, which briefly summarizes the background of the technology as well as introduces the scope of the experiments. The second section Methods and Procedures explains experimental set-ups, defines samples and procedures used for analysis. The third section Results and Observation describes in detail the main results obtained during extensive testing of the radial reach as well as the results obtained during experiments with three different types of water- and oil- based mud samples. Special attention is given to the result of the plasma impact on casing in case of eccentric position of tubing. The last section summarizes obtained results and presents the possible benefits of plasma-based technique on well intervention applications.
Currently, the research team performs development of infrastructure and bottom-hole assembly (BHA) for tubing milling for onshore and offshore field trials. Moreover, high-pressure (HP) testing well for BHA tubing milling operation tests in high pressure of water/brine environment is also under development. The testing environment will serve for the proof of the system and should confirm the ability of testing in field conditions.
Decision-Oriented Geosteering and the Value of Look-Ahead Information: A Case-Based Study
Authors: Kullawan K.. , Bratvold R. B. , Nieto C. M. 
Published: October 2016

SummaryGeosteering techniques have been widely implemented in the oil and gas (O&G) industry for well-placement operations. These techniques allow the operators to apply real-time information in precisely controlling the wellbore direction to stay within desired reservoir zones. The industry has mainly focused on technological improvements of real-time technologies.Nonetheless, previous work has indicated that the conventional approach for making geosteering decisions leaves much to be desired. Normal geosteering operations involve drawing inferences from behind-the-bit information to ahead-of-the-bit reservoir uncertainties and making decisions under unresolved uncertainties to optimize a single objective or multiple objectives. On the basis of a large body of research, the conventional approach—which is heavily driven by intuitions, educated guesses, and approximate methods (rules of thumb)—is unlikely to identify the optimal courses of action.Geosteering decisions are sequential decisions made under dynamic uncertainties. A sequence of well-trajectory decisions arises as the well penetrates the formation and real-time data are gathered. To optimize decision making in such an environment requires considering future decisions and uncertainties, along with the flexibility to take action as new information is learned.In this work, we demonstrate how sequential geosteering decisions can be optimized by use of the discretized-stochastic-dynamic-programming approach (DSDP). DSDP exploits the benefits of stochastic dynamic programming to optimize multistage, interrelated decisions under uncertainties. At the same time, the computational time is minimized so it can be applied to geosteering decisions.Through case studies, we illustrate the application of DSDP in various reservoir structures. The results suggest that the technique could significantly improve the final results of the wells, especially if the reservoir boundaries change rapidly or in a faulted reservoir. The results are expressed as substantial increases in resulting reservoir contacts as well as reductions in well-construction costs.Finally, we illustrate and discuss the use of DSDP to assess the value of look-ahead information. We demonstrate that merely increasing the look-ahead capability (ahead-of-the-bit distance that the tool can measure) is not sufficient. The values created from look-ahead are also strongly affected by the measurement accuracy and the flexibility to respond rapidly by making large directional changes.
APOE Genotypes Associate With Cognitive Performance but Not Cerebral Structure: Diabetes Heart Study MIND
Authors: (Palmer) Allred Nicholette D. , Raffield Laura M. , Hardy Joycelyn C. , Hsu Fang-Chi , Divers Jasmin , Xu Jianzhao , Smith S. Carrie , Hugenschmidt Christina E. , Wagner Benjamin C. , Whitlow Christopher T. , Sink Kaycee M. , Maldjian Joseph A. , Williamson Jeff D. , Bowden Donald W. , Freedman Barry I. 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE
Dementia is a debilitating illness with a disproportionate burden in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Among the contributors, genetic variation at the apolipoprotein E locus (APOE) is posited to convey a strong effect. This study compared and contrasted the association of APOE with cognitive performance and cerebral structure in the setting of T2D.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
European Americans from the Diabetes Heart Study (DHS) MIND (n = 754) and African Americans from the African American (AA)-DHS MIND (n = 517) were examined. The cognitive battery assessed executive function, memory, and global cognition, and brain MRI was performed.

RESULTS
In European Americans and African Americans, the APOE E4 risk haplotype group was associated with poorer performance on the modified Mini-Mental Status Examination (P &lt; 0.017), a measure of global cognition. In contrast to the literature, the APOE E2 haplotype group, which was overrepresented in these participants with T2D, was associated with poorer Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test performance (P &lt; 0.032). Nominal associations between APOE haplotype groups and MRI-determined cerebral structure were observed.

CONCLUSIONS
Compared with APOE E3 carriers, E2 and E4 carriers performed worse in the cognitive domains of memory and global cognition. Identification of genetic contributors remains critical to understanding new pathways to prevent and treat dementia in the setting of T2D.
An Unbiased Lipidomics Approach Identifies Early Second Trimester Lipids Predictive of Maternal Glycemic Traits and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Lu Liangjian , Koulman Albert , Petry Clive J. , Jenkins Benjamin , Matthews Lee , Hughes Ieuan A. , Acerini Carlo L. , Ong Ken K. , Dunger David B. 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the relationship between early second trimester serum lipidomic variation and maternal glycemic traits at 28 weeks and to identify predictive lipid biomarkers for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Prospective study of 817 pregnant women (discovery cohort, n = 200; validation cohort, n = 617) who provided an early second trimester serum sample and underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 28 weeks. In the discovery cohort, lipids were measured using direct infusion mass spectrometry and correlated with OGTT results. Variable importance in projection (VIP) scores were used to identify candidate lipid biomarkers. Candidate biomarkers were measured in the validation cohort using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and tested for associations with OGTT results and GDM status.

RESULTS
Early second trimester lipidomic variation was associated with 1-h postload glucose levels but not with fasting plasma glucose levels. Of the 13 lipid species identified by VIP scores, 10 had nominally significant associations with postload glucose levels. In the validation cohort, 5 of these 10 lipids had significant associations with postload glucose levels that were independent of maternal age and BMI, i.e., TG(51.1), TG(48:1), PC(32:1), PCae(40:3), and PCae(40:4). All except the last were also associated with maternal GDM status. Together, these four lipid biomarkers had moderate ability to predict GDM (area under curve [AUC] = 0.71 ± 0.04, P = 4.85 × 10−7) and improved the prediction of GDM by age and BMI alone from AUC 0.69 to AUC 0.74.

CONCLUSIONS
Specific early second trimester lipid biomarkers can predict maternal GDM status independent of maternal age and BMI, potentially enhancing risk factor–based screening.
Nouvelles données sur l’élevage au Néolithique ancien dans les Alpes du nord
Authors: Chaix Louis , Ginestet Jean-Pierre , Olive Claude 
Published: October 2016

Des fouilles récentes dans les Alpes du Nord montrent l’existence de l’élevage au Néolithique ancien déjà.La grotte de « La Vieille Église » en Haute-Savoie a livré des ossements de caprines domestiques et de bœuf dans un niveau daté de 6500 BP. Dans la haute vallée du Rhône (Suisse), le site de Sion-La-Planta, daté d’environ 6000 BP, témoigne d’un élevage développé des caprines et du bœuf.