bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The importance of geographic access for the impact of microfinance
Authors: Alimukhamedova Nargiza , Filer Randall , Hanousek Jan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe geographic distance between a household and financial institutions may constitute a significant obstacle to achieving the benefits of modern financial institutions. We measure the impact of distance‐related access to microcredits in Uzbekistan. Residents living closer to microfinance institutions are propensity score matched to those further away using both household and village characteristics. Households located nearer to microfinance institutions have larger businesses in terms of income, profits and employees than similar households located further away. In addition, they spend more on most forms of consumption and have greater savings.
Using a Corporate Partnership to Enhance Learning in a Sourcing Negotiation Role‐Play
Authors: Hartley Janet L. , Eboch Karen , Gilberg Jonathan 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTAlthough role‐plays can be effective teaching tools for buyer‐supplier negotiation, learning can be somewhat limited because typically novices are negotiating with each other. We describe how we collaborated with a corporate partner, CACI International, to develop and implement a repeatable sourcing and negotiation role‐play that helps to address this limitation. The role play, used in a dual listed undergraduate/MBA strategic sourcing course, covers the sourcing process from strategy development, solicitation, bidding, negotiation, and supplier selection for security services. The unique aspect of the role play is that CACI supply managers assume the role of suppliers throughout the activity including during phone negotiations with student teams. Content analysis of student reflections and a student survey show that the highest degree of perceived learning from the role‐play was in the negotiation. Ways to modify the role‐play approach when you do not have strong corporate partnerships are discussed.
What Students Think and Do in Classroom Teams When Peer Evaluations Are Highly Consequential: A Two‐Stage Study
Authors: Jassawalla Avan R. , Sashittal Hemant C. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTThe article presents findings from a two‐stage study that examined student perceptions of peer evaluations (PEs) conducted in undergraduate business classroom teams. In stage 1, we used qualitative research to identify constructs focal in students’ PE‐related cognitive schemas and developed grounded measurement scales and hypotheses about their relationships. Then, we implemented PEs in 17 sections of undergraduate business courses taught over seven semesters. The PEs were highly consequential; i.e., they entirely determined the grade each student received on her/his team project. At the end of each semester, we surveyed student perceptions and behaviors using measurement scales we developed after stage 1 of the study. We find that the knowledge of impending PEs leads students to exercise a great deal of care in terms of what they say and do while working with others. The higher levels of care trigger both impression management behaviors and perceptions that others are contributing more. The perceptions that others are contributing more seem instrumental in shaping students’ decision to contribute more themselves. Implications for instructors and future research are discussed.
Fifteen years looking at the mirror: On the presence of PISA in education policy processes (Portugal, 2000‐2016)
Authors: Carvalho Luís Miguel , Costa Estela , Gonçalves Catarina 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis article describes and discusses what happens when knowledge for policy generated within PISA is received by its target audience: what have the Portuguese policy actors been doing with PISA data and analysis when they consider, express and justify their choices? Drawing on previous and current studies, using interview materials and formal and informal policy documents, as well as texts published in the written press, the article analyses two main phenomena related to the reception of PISA and how this has evolved between 2001 and 2012 in Portugal: the consolidation of PISA's credibility as a source for policy processes and texts; the emergence of new actors and modes of intervention in the production of knowledge for national policy, drawing on PISA. Finally, it presents an analysis of the reception of PISA 2015 in the Portuguese media, focusing on the interventions by political actors in the Portuguese daily and weekly written press. Two main elements emerge from our content analysis as the main common elements of that reception: the consecration of PISA's credibility; and the practices of qualification and disqualification of educational policies and perspectives. The article concludes by emphasising the regulatory role of PISA in Portuguese policy processes and the relevant contribution played by the politics of reception in legitimising this role.
The association between dementia and epilepsy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Subota Ann , Pham Tram , Jetté Nathalie , Sauro Khara , Lorenzetti Diane , Holroyd‐Leduc Jayna 
Published: April 2017

SummaryObjectiveDementia is among the top 15 conditions with the most substantial increase in burden of disease in the past decade, and along with epilepsy, among the top 25 causes of years lived with disability worldwide. The epidemiology of dementia in persons with epilepsy, and vice versa, is not well characterized. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the prevalence, incidence, and reported risk factors for dementia in epilepsy and epilepsy in dementia.MethodsEmbase, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane databases were searched from inception. Papers were included if they reported the incidence and/or prevalence of dementia and epilepsy. Two individuals independently performed duplicate abstract and full‐text review, data extraction, and quality assessment. Random‐effects models were used to generate pooled estimates when feasible.ResultsOf the 3,043 citations identified, 64 were reviewed in full text and 19 articles were included. The period prevalence of dementia ranged from 8.1 to 17.5 per 100 persons among persons with epilepsy (insufficient data to pool). The pooled period prevalence of epilepsy among persons with dementia was 5 per 100 persons (95% confidence interval [CI] 1–9) in population‐based settings and 4 per 100 persons (95% CI 1–6) in clinic settings. There were insufficient data to report a pooled overall incidence rate and only limited data on risk factors.SignificanceThere are significant gaps in knowledge regarding the epidemiology of epilepsy in dementia and vice versa. Accurate estimates are needed to inform public health policy and prevention, and to understand health resource needs for these populations.
Preliminary investigations into a novel, long‐acting, injectable, intramuscular formulation of omeprazole in the horse
Authors: Sykes B. W. , Kathawala K. , Song Y. , Garg S. , Page S. W. , Underwood C. , Mills P. C. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryBackgroundPilot investigations have suggested that a novel, long‐acting, injectable i.m. formulation of omeprazole (LA‐OMEP) can induce acid suppression for up to 7 days following a single injection.ObjectivesTo investigate the pharmacodynamics and assess the clinical efficacy of the LA‐OMEP formulation.Study designPart A comprised a pharmacodynamic study. Part B consisted of a pilot clinical trial.MethodsPart A enrolled six adult Thoroughbred horses with percutaneous gastrotomy tubes. Intragastric pH was measured for continuous 23‐h periods (08.00–07.00 h) for eight consecutive days (days 0–7). A single 2.0‐g dose of a 100 mg/mL LA‐OMEP formulation was administered at 08.00 h on day 1. In Part B, 26 horses with squamous or glandular gastric disease were enrolled based on routine gastroscopic evaluation. Once enrolled, horses received 2.0 g of the 100 mg/mL LA‐OMEP formulation by i.m. injection on days 0 and 7. Repeat gastroscopy was performed on days 14 (23 horses) or 16 (one horse).ResultsIn Part A, the percentage of time during which pH was above 4 exceeded 66% for days 1–4 in all horses and days 1–7 in four of the six horses studied. In Part B, healing was observed in all 22 (100%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 89–100%) horses with squamous disease and in nine of 12 (75%, 95% CI 47–92%) horses with glandular disease. Improvement, by at least one grade, was observed in all 22 (100%, 95% CI 89–100%) horses with squamous disease and in all 12 (100%, 95% CI 81–100%) horses with glandular disease. No worsening of lesions was observed. Lesion grade decreased over time in both the squamous (P<0.0001) and glandular (P = 0.0024) mucosa.Main limitationsSmall sample sizes.ConclusionsThe results of the present study compare favourably with previous reports on the pharmacodynamics of omeprazole and the clinical outcomes of trials reporting response to oral omeprazole therapy.
Characteristics of lactic acid bacteria isolates and their effects on the fermentation quality of acacia (Sophora japonica L.) leaf silage at low temperatures
Authors: Ali Gulfam , Liu Qinhua , Yuan Xianjung , Dong Zihao , Desta Seare T. , Li Jungfeng , Bai Xi , Shah Assar A. , Shao Tao 
Published: April 2017

AbstractInsufficient lactic acid fermentation is an important issue of silage production at low ensiling temperatures. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG6 (GG6) and Lactobacillus plantarum GG7 (GG7) isolated from Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were characterized, and their effects and a reference lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculant (L. plantarum MTD–1, LP) on the fermentation quality of acacia (Sophora japonica L.) leaf silage ensiled at 5°C, 10°C and 15°C were studied. GG6 and GG7 were able to grow at 5°C and pH 3.5 and resisted 6.5% NaCl. After ensiling for 60 days, un‐inoculated silage was insufficient lactic acid fermentation at 5°C, 10°C and 15°C. None of the tested inoculants promoted lactic acid fermentation at the extremely low temperature of 5°C. GG6, GG7 and LP promoted lactic acid fermentation of silage at 10°C and 15°C, indicated by lower pH and ethanol content, higher lactic acid content compared to the un‐inoculated silage (P < 0.05). GG6 and GG7 outperformed LP, indicated by the lower pH and higher lactic acid content at 10°C and 15°C (P < 0.05).
Influence of acid‐treated talc and Na2CO3 flux on mineralogical phase composition and porosity in steatite ceramics
Authors: Kupková Jana , Valášková Marta , Študentová Soňa 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe work aimed with the effect of preceramic mixtures containing natural talc (Tc) or acid‐treated talc (Tc‐ac) supplemented by montmorillonite (Mt) or kaolinite (Ka), and the flux Na2CO3 on the mineral phase composition, porosity and pore size distribution in the steatite ceramics prepared using solid state sintering at 1300°C. The samples were analyzed using X‐ray diffraction and porometry techniques and scanning electron microscopy. Application of Mt or Ka in preceramic mixtures with provided comparable results. The acidification of talc using hydrochloric acid resulted in partial release of Mg2+ from the structure. The ratio of SiO2:MgO in Tc was 35:65 (wt%) and 70:30 (wt%) in Tc‐ac. Tc, clay minerals, and flux Na2CO3 in the MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–Na2O glass system resulted to the separation of forsterite and protoenstatite, while Tc‐ac provided crystallization of protoenstatite at the expense of clinoenstatite in highly porous ceramics. The preceramic mixtures were precursors of bimodal pore size distribution at prepared steatite ceramics.
Germline transformation of the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera
Authors: Chu F. , Klobasa W. , Wu P. , Pinzi S. , Grubbs N. , Gorski S. , Cardoza Y. , Lorenzen M. D. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe western corn rootworm (WCR), a major pest of maize, is notorious for rapidly adapting biochemically, behaviourally and developmentally to a variety of control methods. Despite much effort, the genetic basis of WCR adaptation remains a mystery. Since transformation‐based applications such as transposon tagging and enhancer trapping have facilitated genetic dissection of model species such as Drosophila melanogaster, we developed a germline‐transformation system for WCR in an effort to gain a greater understanding of the basic biology of this economically important insect. Here we report the use of a fluorescent‐marked Minos element to create transgenic WCR. We demonstrate that the transgenic strains express both an eye‐specific fluorescent marker and piggyBac transposase. We identified insertion‐site junction sequences via inverse PCR and assessed insertion copy number using digital droplet PCR (ddPCR). Interestingly, most WCR identified as transgenic via visual screening for DsRed fluorescence proved to carry multiple Minos insertions when tested via ddPCR. A total of eight unique insertion strains were created by outcrossing the initial transgenic strains to nontransgenic WCR mates. Establishing transgenic technologies for this beetle is the first step towards bringing a wide range of transformation‐based tools to bear on understanding WCR biology.
Explaining Anomalies in Australia with a Five‐factor Asset Pricing Model
Authors: Huynh Thanh D. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis paper compares the ability of three‐factor and five‐factor asset pricing models to explain the apparent profitability of a broad selection of anomalies in Australian equity returns. Rather than examining the fit of each model to common test portfolios, our focus is on the spread return to long–short trading strategies designed around so‐called anomalies. After documenting significant spread returns to 16 anomalies (including several not previously studied in Australia), the empirical analysis provides cautious support that the recently‐proposed investment and profitability factors have a role to play. The number of anomalies that remains after risk adjustment decreases under the five‐factor model. Further, while the magnitude of reduction in alpha is modest, our testing shows that it is statistically significant in many cases. However, both three‐factor and five‐factor models repeatedly fail the Gibbons, Ross, and Shanken's (1989) (GRS) test, suggesting that the quest for a better asset pricing model is not yet complete.
Das System der Pilze aus neuerer Sicht
Authors: Agerer R. 
Published: April 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Pilze sind ein heterogenes Sammelsurium aus drei Organismenreichen: Die Echten Pilze, Fungi, repräsentieren ein eigenes Organismenreich und stehen den Animalia näher als den Plantae. Die Fungi werden derzeit in fünf Stämme aufgeteilt: Humanpathogene Arten kommen in den Stämmen Zygomycota, Ascomycota und Basidiomycota vor. Die Pneumocystidales werden heute den Ascomycota zugeordnet. Die Malasseziales gehören zu den Brandpilzartigen der Basidiomycota. Wesentliche Merkmale zur Einteilung der Fungi entstammen der Ultrastruktur, der Chemie und neuerdings auch der Molekularbiologie. Keine der genannten Methoden kann für sich allein stehen, alle Merkmalsbereiche müssen Verwendung finden.
Chronisch mukokutane Candidose mit hochgradiger Ösophagusstenose
Authors: Lingelbach A. , Seidl H. P. , Frimberger E. , Traidl‐Hoffmann C. , Ring J. , Hofmann Heidelore 
Published: April 2017

ZusammenfassungBei der 23jährigen Patientin bestanden seit 7 Jahren eine zunehmende Dysphagie sowie Candida‐Granulome der rechten Kopfhälfte, Nase und beider Hände. Therapien mit verschiedenen oralen Antimykotika waren ohne Erfolg. Unter hochdosiert intravenöser und oraler Fluconazoltherapie heilten die Hautveränderungen ab. Als Ursache der Dysphagie wurde eine Ösophagusstenose infolge einer chronischen Candida‐Ösophagitis diagnostiziert und erfolgreich behandelt mit Fluconazol und Dilatation.
Microsporum‐canis‐bedingte Tinea capitis et corporis bei einer immunsupprimierten erwachsenen Patientin
Authors: Möhrenschlager M. , Seidl H. P. , Holtmann Christiane , Ring J. , Abeck D. 
Published: April 2017

ZusammenfassungTinea capitis‐ und Tinea corporis‐Erkrankungen Erwachsener sind insbesondere unter Bedingungen der Immunsuppression möglich. Eine umgehende native und kulturelle Untersuchung auf Pilzorganismen ist bei entsprechendem klinischen Verdacht zu veranlassen. Eine adäquate Behandlung sollte ohne Verzögerung begonnen werden. Bei nachgewiesener Tinea capitis muss eine systemische Therapie eingeleitet werden. Hierdurch können Verläufe mit entstellendem Haarverlust, bleibender Vernarbung der Kopfhaut, Dissemination der Erreger auf andere Hautareale sowie Infektion Dritter verhindert werden.
Zur Veränderung des Dermatophytenspektrums bei dermatologisch relevanten Erkrankungen
Authors: Seebacher C. 
Published: April 2017

ZusammenfassungInnerhalb der letzten 70 Jahre hat sich die Zusammensetzung des Artenspektrums aus Hautläsionen isolierter Dermatophyten erheblich verändert. Vor dem 2. Weltkrieg dominierten in Deutschland Microsporum audouinii und Epidermophyton floccosum, seit den 50er Jahren übernahm Trichophyton rubrum die Spitzenposition und erreicht heute 80–90 % aller Dermatophytenisolate. Diese Entwicklung ist für Mittel‐ und Nordeuropa typisch und steht mit der erheblichen Zunahme der Tinea pedis in ursächlichem Zusammenhang. In Südeuropa und in arabischen Ländern stehen zoophile Dermatophyten (M. canis und T. verrucosum) an erster Stelle. Auf die Infektionswege für die Verbreitung der Tinea pedis wird anhand experimenteller Daten hingewiesen. Die Vermutung einer genetisch fixierten Disposition für T.‐rubrum‐Infektionen steht im Widerspruch zu den hier aufgezeigten epidemiologischen Zusammenhängen.
Fabrication of columnar structured lanthanum zirconate films by laser CVD
Authors: Yang Guang , Mao Xiaoxiao , Wang Duojin , Chen Hongfei , Liu Bin , Cui Yuanyuan , Luo Hongjie , Gao Yanfeng 
Published: April 2017

AbstractColumnar lanthanum zirconate (LZ) films were deposited by laser chemical vapor deposition (LCVD). The effects of deposition conditions, preheat temperature and laser power, on crystal structure, morphology, and deposition rate were investigated. A large region in the terms of preheat temperature and laser power for the formation of cubic pyrochlore‐structured LZ films was mapped under a fixed total pressure of 950 Pa. The morphology of LZ films without laser irradiation showed a dense and glass‐like structure with a flat cauliflower surface. It was changed into a columnar structure with an unflat cauliflower surface by low‐power laser irradiation during deposition process. The transformation occurred once a critical laser power beyond 16 W/cm2. Thus, the effect of laser on the deposition of LZ films was a result of double‐side action including both pyrolytic effect and photolytic effect. Plasma gas around the substrate resulted in significant increases in deposition temperature and deposition rate due to self‐propagating high‐temperature reactions between the precursors and O2. The maximum deposition rate can reach 250 μm/h by LCVD.
Formation of BaFe12−xNbxO19 and its high electromagnetic wave absorption properties in millimeter wave frequency range
Authors: Liu Chuyang , Chen Yujie , Yue Yangyu , Tang Yu , Wang Zongrong , Ma Ning , Du Piyi 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBaFe12−xNbxO19 (BFNO, x=0‐0.6) powders with Nb5+ substituting for Fe3+ were prepared by sol‐gel method. The formation process and electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption properties of the BFNO are investigated in detail. With Nb5+ content increasing from x=0 to x=0.6, the formation temperature of barium ferrite phase without heat time increases from ~700°C to ~900°C, while the appearance temperature of typical plate grains decreases from ~1300°C to ~1100°C, and the crystallization ability decreases at 600°C‐900°C, while the grain size increases gradually at 1100°C‐1300°C. Increasing sintering temperature and time promote the formation of barium ferrite phase and grain growth in all the samples. The ε′ and ε″ of the sample with x=0.6 sintered at 1300°C for 3 hours reach highest of ~7.9 and ~0.95 over 26.5‐40 GHz. Multiresonance peaks in permeability decrease from 40+ GHz to ~30 GHz with x rising from 0 to 0.6. Ultimately, small RLmin of ~−42 dB, thin dm of ~0.76 mm, and broad bandwidth of >12 GHz can be exhibited simultaneously around millimeter wave atmospheric window of 35 GHz.
A new approach for determining the critical cooling rates of nucleation in glass‐forming liquids
Authors: Liu Shujiang , Tao Haizheng , Zhang Yafei , Yue Yuanzheng 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCrystallization of a liquid below liquidus temperature is a complex process due to simultaneous nucleation and growth of crystals. Nucleation is the crucial initial step of the crystallization process, and affects the glass‐forming ability, especially when there is a large overlap between nucleation and crystal growth versus temperature curves. From the temperature‐time‐transformation (TTT) diagram, one can estimate the critical cooling rate, , of glass‐formation, however this is time‐consuming. In this paper, we establish a simple approach to determine the using calorimetric and viscometric data. Based on the classical nucleation theory, the correlation between the crystallization onset temperature and cooling rate is described by combining two temperature‐dependent functions. The new approach is applicable to a wide range of glass‐forming systems. This work also gives insight into heterogeneous nucleation and glass formation kinetics.
Supporting clinical leadership through action: The nurse consultant role
Authors: Rosser Elizabeth , Grey Rachael , Neal Deborah , Reeve Julie , Smith Caroline , Valentine Janine 
Published: April 2017

Aims and objectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of an action learning set to enhance clinical leadership and extend their scope and confidence more strategically.BackgroundAs the most senior clinical role in most healthcare systems, the consultant nurse role is a solitary one. They are required to develop personal resilience, commitment and a belief in their ability to lead, with new consultants needing a strong support network to succeed.DesignFollowing a 2‐year action learning set, four nurse consultants, one therapy consultant, and a university educationalist engaged in a cooperative inquiry approach using four cycles of discussion, reflection, analysis and action over an 18‐month period from March 2015–July 2016, to learn how to change and enhance their working practices. Data were analysed thematically.ResultsFour themes emerged where the action learning set (i) offered structure and support, (ii) enabled a wider influence and (iii) empowered them to lead. The cooperative inquiry helped them realise how much they had gained from their collective learning and they felt empowered to lead.ConclusionTheir motivation to “make a difference” remains palpable. The outcomes of the cooperative inquiry included an enhanced understanding of the importance of openness and trust and a willingness to share and learn from each other in a respectful and confidential environment with a receptiveness to change. Self‐leadership has clearly been accepted and embraced, and their collaboration has improved communication across the organisation, enhanced their strategic leadership capability and given confidence to disseminate externally.Relevance to clinical practiceThe action learning set offered structure to support these clinical leaders to keep them focused across the breadth of their role. Additionally, peer review with external facilitation has enabled these clinical leaders to gain a wider influence and empowered them to lead.