bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fetal intra abdominal umbilical vein varix: Case series and review of literature
Authors: Lallar Meenakshi , Phadke Shubha R 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFetal intraabdominal umbilical vein varix (FIUV) is focal dilatation of the intrabdominalumbilical vein of thefetus.It appears as a round or fusiform cystic structure in thefetal abdomen, which shows continuity with the umbilical vein ongrayscale andcolor Dopplerimaging. The diagnostic criteria include the FIUV varix diameter at least 50% wider than the diameter of the intrahepatic umbilical veinand an intraabdominal umbilical vein diameter exceeding 9 mm orgreater than twostandard deviations above the mean for gestational age. We report three cases, two cases with isolated FIUV and favorable outcome and the third case with FIUV and atrioventricular septal defect, where trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) was diagnosed.
Imaging in ductal plate malformations
Authors: Sureka Binit , Rastogi Archana , Bihari Chhagan , Bharathy Kishore G S , Sood Vikrant , Alam Seema 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDuctal plate malformations are a heterogenous group of congenital fibrocystic liver diseases resulting from insult to the ductal plate at various stages of embryogenesis. As a result various biliary malformations, cysts, hamartomas and congenital hepatic fibrosis may be seen. We present a radiological pictorial of ductal plate malformations, accurate diagnosis of which is important for clinical management.
Stability of a Leap-Frog Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Time-Domain Maxwell's Equations in Anisotropic Materials
Authors: Araújo Adérito , Barbeiro Sílvia , Ghalati Maryam Khaksar 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this work we discuss the numerical discretization of the time-dependent Maxwell's equations using a fully explicit leap-frog type discontinuous Galerkin method. We present a sufficient condition for the stability and error estimates, for cases of typical boundary conditions, either perfect electric, perfect magnetic or first order Silver-Müller. The bounds of the stability region point out the influence of not only the mesh size but also the dependence on the choice of the numerical flux and the degree of the polynomials used in the construction of the finite element space, making possible to balance accuracy and computational efficiency. In the model we consider heterogeneous anisotropic permittivity tensors which arise naturally in many applications of interest. Numerical results supporting the analysis are provided.
Natural Determinant Stimuli and Agroforestry Benefit Stimuli for Developing Medical Agro-Industry of Kerinci Society in Sebelat Kerinci National Park
Authors: Batubara Mustopa Marli 
Published: March 2017

Natural and benefit stimulus are important in doing the conservation action in order to achieve the conservation goals. Kerinci community who live in the Kerinci Sebelat National Park showed the activities of agroforestry in natural and benefits stimuli. The result showed that there were seven plants that could be done by using agroforestry way of planting called pelak. They are cinnamon, coffee/ kawa, ginger, durian, mangosteen, potatoes and corn which indicated the medication content with the highest cultural values. Next, Those seven plants can be used as the raw material of the natural agro-industry medication to increase the society’s income. The society of Kerinci get used to use those plants to cure diseases such as dysentery, rheumatic, diarrhea, flu, stomached, heart disease, back pain, chest pain, fever, colds, appetite problem, wound, fever, bleeding gums, burns, diabetes, blood pressure problems, and as antidote.
JAOA/AACOM. Single Accreditation System Update: Gaining Momentum
Authors: Buser Boyd R. , Swartwout James , Lischka Terri , Biszewski Maura , DeVine Kathy 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
In July 2014, the American Osteopathic Association House of Delegates endorsed the establishment of a new, single graduate medical education accreditation system in collaboration with the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and the American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine. Since that time, the osteopathic medical community has made substantial headway in the transition to the new system. This article provides an update on the transition.
Основы математической теории генетического кода, "Доклады Академии наук"
Authors: Козлов Н.Н. , Энеев Т. М. 
Published: March 2017

Данная работа проведена в русле многолетних исследований авторов по биоматематике (см. [1]). Одно направление исследований было связано с разработкой нового направления современной биоматематики - математической теории генетического кода. Основы этой теории представлены ниже. Приведенные результаты не обнаружены авторами в публикациях других исследователей.
К теореме Хейде на некоторых локально компактных абелевых группах, "Доклады Академии наук"
Authors: Фельдман Г.М. 
Published: March 2017

Согласно известной теореме Хейде, гауссовское распределение на вещественной прямой характеризуется симметрией условного распределения одной линейной формы от n независимых случайных величин при фиксированной второй. При n = 2 мы доказываем аналоги этой теоремы в случае, когда случайные величины принимают значения в локально компактной абелевой группе X, а коэффициенты линейных форм - топологические автоморфизмы группы X.
Новые полимерные композиты на основе кератина и полиэтилена, "Доклады Академии наук"
Authors: Прут Э.В. , Смыковская Р. С. , Кузнецова О.П. , Дерябина Ю.И. , Волик В. Г. , Берлин А.А. 
Published: March 2017

Под действием сдвиговых деформаций получены новые биоразлагаемые композиты на основе кератина и полиэтилена. Показано, что введение кератина приводит к росту модуля упругости и снижению предельной прочности и удлинения при разрыве получаемых композиций. Установлено, что удлинение при разрыве р зависит от дисперсности кератина, причем наибольшие показатели р наблюдаются у композиций, содержащих кератин с меньшим размером частиц. Показано, что исследуемые композиции подвержены воздействию плесневых грибов, т.е обладают способностью к биодеструкции.
Последовательность длинного концевого повтора ретротранспозона МДГ4 содержит сайт связывания белка MAD, усиливающий EAST-зависимую репрессию, "Доклады Академии наук"
Authors: Головнин А.К. , Молодина В.В. , Георгиев П.Г. , Мельникова Л.С. 
Published: March 2017

Ранее мы показали, что в модельной системе гена yellow D. melanogaster увеличение концентрации белка EAST приводит к возникновению репрессии в щетинках, механизм которой оставался неизученным. В настоящей работе с помощью генетических методов в последовательности длинных концевых повторов ретротранспозона МДГ4 был локализован инвертированный повтор, включающий сайт связывания белка Mad, ключевого компонента сигнального каскада TGF- /BMP. Результаты работы позволяют предположить, что белок Mad рекрутирует на хроматин регуляторный комплекс, функционально взаимодействующий с белком EAST. Такой комплекс либо самостоятельно подавляет экспрессию гена yellow в щетинках, либо перемещает трансген в области ядра с высокой концентрацией факторов, репрессирующих транскрипцию.
Генерация радикальной формы дипиридамола при освещении фотосинтетических реакционных центров Rb. sphaeroides, "Доклады Академии наук"
Authors: Нокс П.П. , Тимофеев К. Н. , Горохов В.В. , Сейфуллина Н.Х. , Рубин А.Б. 
Published: March 2017

При исследовании влияния вазодилататора, антиагреганта и ингибитора P-гликопротеина дипиридамола (ДИП) на функционирование трансмембранного белка фотореакционного центра (РЦ) Rb. sphaeroides обнаружили, что при активации РЦ постоянным светом генерируется ка-тион-радикал ДИП, который существенно влияет на кинетику рекомбинации разделенных между фотоактивным бактериохлорофиллом и хинонными акцепторами зарядов. Таким образом, антиоксидантные свойства ДИП могут влиять на активность функциональных мембранных белков, и это, по-видимому, надо учитывать при изучении механизмов терапевтического действия этого препарата.
Gravity and zonal flows of giant planets: From the Euler equation to the thermal wind equation
Authors: Cao Hao , Stevenson David J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAny nonspherical distribution of density inside planets and stars gives rise to a nonspherical external gravity and change of shape. If part or all of the observed zonal flows at the cloud deck of Jupiter and Saturn represent deep interior dynamics, then the density perturbations associated with the deep zonal flows could generate gravitational signals detectable by the Juno mission and the Cassini Grand Finale. Here we present a critical examination of the applicability of the thermal wind equation to calculate the wind‐induced gravity moments. Our analysis shows that wind‐induced gravity moments calculated from the thermal wind equation (TWE) are in overall agreement with the full solution to the Euler equation. However, the accuracy of individual high‐degree moments calculated from TWE depends crucially on retaining the nonsphericity of the background density and gravity. Only when the background nonsphericity of the planet is taken into account does the TWE make accurate enough prediction (with a few tens of percent errors) for individual high‐degree gravity moments associated with deep zonal flows. Since the TWE is derived from the curl of the Euler equation and is a local relation, it necessarily says nothing about any density perturbations that contribute irrotational terms to the Euler equation and that have a nonlocal origin. However, the predicted corrections from these density contributions to the low harmonic degree gravity moments are not discernible from insignificant changes in interior models, while the corrections at high harmonic degree are very small, a few percent or less.
Effect of phase separation on water resistance of green waterborne polyurethanes: Unexpected stronger impact compared to hydrophilic segments
Authors: Xiao Yao , Bao Lixia , Fu Xiaowei , Wu Bo , Kong Weibo , Zhou Changlin , Lei Jingxin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractEffect of phase separation on the water resistance of green waterborne polyurethanes was discussed for the first time. Phase separation was studied through the application of dynamic mechanical analysis. Water resistance was characterized by water absorption ratio and water contact angle. The results showed that the phase separation had stronger effect on water resistance compared with the content of hydrophilic segments of green waterborne polyurethanes; higher phase separation degree led to better water resistance even though the content of hydrophilic segments increased. And, fluorescence microscope images of fluorescent dye inside the green waterborne polyurethane films justified this viewpoint.
Stable carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen, isotope analysis of plants from a South Asian tropical forest: Implications for primatology
Authors: Roberts Patrick , Blumenthal Scott A. , Dittus Wolfgang , Wedage Oshan , Lee‐Thorp Julia A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractStable isotope analysis of primate tissues in tropical forest contexts is an increasingly popular means of obtaining information about niche distinctions among sympatric species, including preferences in feeding height, forest canopy density, plant parts, and trophism. However, issues of equifinality mean that feeding height, canopy density, as well as the plant parts and plant species consumed, may produce similar or confounding effects. With a few exceptions, researchers have so far relied largely on general principles and/or limited plant data from the study area as references for deducing the predominant drivers of primate isotope variation. Here, we explore variation in the stable carbon (δ13C), nitrogen (δ15N), and oxygen (δ18O) isotope ratios of 288 plant samples identified as important to the three primate species from the Polonnaruwa Nature Sanctuary, Sri Lanka, relative to plant part, season, and canopy height. Our results show that plant part and height have the greatest effect on the δ13C and δ18O measurements of plants of immediate relevance to the primates, Macaca sinica, Semnopithecus priam thersites, and Trachypithecus vetulus, living in this monsoonal tropical forest. We find no influence of plant part, height or season on the δ15N of measured plants. While the plant part effect is particularly pronounced in δ13C between fruits and leaves, differential feeding height, and plant taxonomy influence plant δ13C and δ18O differences in addition to plant organ. Given that species composition in different regions and forest types will differ, the results urge caution in extrapolating general isotopic trends without substantial local baselines studies.
Second‐to‐fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) is unrelated to measures of somatic reproductive effort among young men from Cebu, the Philippines
Authors: Georgiev Alexander V. , Ryan Calen P. , Gettler Lee T. , McDade Thomas W. , Kuzawa Christopher W. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectivesA low second‐to‐fourth (2D:4D) digit ratio, a retrospective marker of high prenatal androgens, predicts increased investment in costly sexually dimorphic traits in men in some studies, although results are mixed. Here we test the hypothesis that the association of low 2D:4D ratios with increased muscularity and decreased adiposity depends on current testosterone (T) levels, such that digit ratio will be a particularly strong predictor of outcomes among men exhibiting a mating‐effort‐oriented endocrinological profile (high T). We also test the association between 2D:4D and somatic traits independently of T.Materials and methodsWe related 2D:4D digit ratios, and their interaction with T, to handgrip strength, lean mass, arm muscle area, and skinfold thickness in a sample of young, childess men (20–22 y) from Cebu, Philippines (N = 623).ResultsDigit ratio did not significantly predict men's T‐dependent somatic traits. Interactions between 2D:4D and morning T, similarly, did not predict male muscularity or adiposity. Although two of the interactions were significant or marginally significant (p < .1), after adjusting for multiple testing the evidence in support of our hypothesis was weak.DiscussionWe found no evidence that 2D:4D predicted measures of somatic reproductive effort in this sample of young men from Cebu, who as a group could be considered mostly mating‐oriented. These relationships were also not contingent upon, or stronger, when considering the moderating effect of concurrent T levels. In this sample, 2D:4D was therefore either a poor proxy of prenatal androgen exposure or prenatal androgens had limited influence on adult somatic outcomes.
The dawn of dentistry in the late upper Paleolithic: An early case of pathological intervention at Riparo Fredian
Authors: Oxilia Gregorio , Fiorillo Flavia , Boschin Francesco , Boaretto Elisabetta , Apicella Salvatore A. , Matteucci Chiara , Panetta Daniele , Pistocchi Rossella , Guerrini Franca , Margherita Cristiana , Andretta Massimo , Sorrentino Rita , Boschian Giovanni , Arrighi Simona , Dori Irene , Mancuso Giuseppe , Crezzini Jacopo , Riga Alessandro , Serrangeli Maria C. , Vazzana Antonino , Salvadori Piero A. , Vandini Mariangela , Tozzi Carlo , Moroni Adriana , Feeney Robin N. M. , Willman John C. , Moggi‐Cecchi Jacopo , Benazzi Stefano 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectivesEarly evidence for the treatment of dental pathology is found primarily among food‐producing societies associated with high levels of oral pathology. However, some Late Pleistocene hunter‐gatherers show extensive oral pathology, suggesting that experimentation with therapeutic dental interventions may have greater antiquity. Here, we report the second earliest probable evidence for dentistry in a Late Upper Paleolithic hunter‐gatherer recovered from Riparo Fredian (Tuscany, Italy).Materials and MethodsThe Fredian 5 human consists of an associated maxillary anterior dentition with antemortem exposure of both upper first incisor (I1) pulp chambers. The pulp chambers present probable antemortem modifications that warrant in‐depth analyses and direct dating. Scanning electron microscopy, microCT and residue analyses were used to investigate the purported modifications of external and internal surfaces of each I1.ResultsThe direct date places Fredian 5 between 13,000 and 12,740 calendar years ago. Both pulp chambers were circumferentially enlarged prior to the death of this individual. Occlusal dentine flaking on the margin of the cavities and striations on their internal aspects suggest anthropic manipulation. Residue analyses revealed a conglomerate of bitumen, vegetal fibers, and probable hairs adherent to the internal walls of the cavities.DiscussionThe results are consistent with tool‐assisted manipulation to remove necrotic or infected pulp in vivo and the subsequent use of a composite, organic filling. Fredian 5 confirms the practice of dentistry—specifically, a pathology‐induced intervention—among Late Pleistocene hunter‐gatherers. As such, it appears that fundamental perceptions of biomedical knowledge and practice were in place long before the socioeconomic changes associated with the transition to food production in the Neolithic.
Many‐body localization from the perspective of Integrals of Motion
Authors: Rademaker Louk , Ortuño Miguel , Somoza Andres M. 
Published: March 2017

We study many‐body localization (MBL) from the perspective of integrals of motion (IOMs). MBL can be understood phenomenologically through the existence of macroscopically many localized IOMs. We develop a systematic procedure based on IOM to calculate many‐body quantities. Displacement transformations made clear that any operator can be expanded in 1‐,2‐ ... n‐particles terms. We use this property to develop a systematic procedure to approximately calculate IOMs and many‐body quantities. We characterize the decay with distance of the IOM's and their interactions through effective localization lengths. For all values of disorder the typical IOMs are localized, suggesting the importance of rare fluctuations in understanding the MBL‐to‐ergodic transition.
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Stereoselective Catalytic Synthesis of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients in Homemade 3D‐Printed Mesoreactors
Authors: Rossi Sergio , Porta Riccardo , Brenna Davide , Puglisi Alessandra , Benaglia Maurizio 
Published: March 2017

Abstract3D‐printed flow reactors were designed, fabricated from different materials (PLA, HIPS, nylon), and used for a catalytic stereoselective Henry reaction. The use of readily prepared and tunable 3D‐printed reactors enabled the rapid screening of devices with different sizes, shapes, and channel dimensions, aimed at the identification of the best‐performing reactor setup. The optimized process afforded the products in high yields, moderate diastereoselectivity, and up to 90 % ee. The method was applied to the continuous‐flow synthesis of biologically active chiral 1,2‐amino alcohols (norephedrine, metaraminol, and methoxamine) through a two‐step sequence combining the nitroaldol reaction with a hydrogenation. To highlight potential industrial applications of this method, a multistep continuous synthesis of norephedrine has been realized. The product was isolated without any intermediate purifications or solvent switches.
Enantioselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Carbocyclization of Enallenes via Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling with Terminal Alkynes: Efficient Construction of α‐Chirality of Ketones
Authors: Yang Bin , Qiu Youai , Jiang Tuo , Wulff William D. , Yin Xiaopeng , Zhu Can , Bäckvall Jan‐E. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAn enantioselective PdII/Brønsted acid‐catalyzed carbonylative carbocyclization of enallenes ending with a cross‐dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) with a terminal alkyne was developed. VAPOL phosphoric acid was found as the best co‐catalyst among the examined 28 chiral acids, for inducing the enantioselectivity of α‐chiral ketones. As a result, a number of chiral cyclopentenones were easily synthesized in good to excellent enantiomeric ratio with good yields.
Highly Selective Synthesis of cis‐Enediynes on a Ag(111) Surface
Authors: Wang Tao , Lv Haifeng , Fan Qitang , Feng Lin , Wu Xiaojun , Zhu Junfa 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCis‐enediyne‐type compounds have received much attention as potent antitumor antibiotics. The conventional synthesis of cis‐enediynes in solution typically involves multiple steps and various side reactions. For the first time, selective one‐step synthesis of cis‐enediyne from a single reactant is reported on a Ag(111) surface with a yield up to 90 %. High selectivity for the formation of cis‐enediyne originates from the steric effect posed by weak intermolecular interactions, which protect the cis‐enediyne from further reaction. A series of comparative experiments and DFT‐based transition‐state calculations support the findings. The described synthetic approach for directing reaction pathways on‐surface may illuminate potential syntheses of other unstable organic compounds.
Oxygen‐Containing Amorphous Cobalt Sulfide Porous Nanocubes as High‐Activity Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction in an Alkaline/Neutral Medium
Authors: Cai Pingwei , Huang Junheng , Chen Junxiang , Wen Zhenhai 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA novel OER electrocatalyst, namely oxygen‐incorporated amorphous cobalt sulfide porous nanocubes (A‐CoS4.6O0.6 PNCs), show advantages over the benchmark RuO2 catalyst in alkaline/neutral medium. Experiments combining with calculation demonstrate that the desirable O* adsorption energy, associated with the distorted CoS4.6O0.6 octahedron structure and the oxygen doping, contribute synergistically to the outstanding electrocatalytic activity.
Synthesis and use of dioxime ligands for treatment of leukemia and colon cancer cells
Authors: Babahan Ilknur , Özmen Ali , Aslan Kadir 
Published: March 2017

Two new vicinal dioxime ligands containing thiosemicarbazone units (L1H2 and L2H2) were synthesized and characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, heteronuclear multiple quantum correlation, mass, infrared and UV–visible spectroscopies, elemental analysis and magnetic susceptibility measurements. In addition, homotrinuclear nickel(II), copper(II) and cobalt(II) complexes with a metal‐to‐ligand ratio of 3:2 for L1H2 and L2H2 were prepared. Synthesis of nickel(II) complex containing a BF2+ bridge was carried out using a precursor hydrogen‐bridged nickel(II) complex via the template effect. All metal–ligand complexes were tested against two human cancer cell lines (HL‐60 and HT‐29) for their antiproliferative and apoptotic activities. The results showed that [Co(L2H)2(H2O)2] and [Ni(L2H)2] exhibited the strongest antiproliferative activity with IpC50 values ranging between 5 and 10 μM, while [Co(L2H)2(H2O)2] and [Ni(L2H)2] both induced necrosis of HT‐29 cells and 60 and 65% apoptosis in HL‐60 cells, respectively.
Plasmonic Ag/AgCl‐modified bismuth subcarbonate with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity
Authors: An Yanting , Cao Wenrong , Zhou Yuanyuan , Chen Lifang , Qi Zhiwen 
Published: March 2017

Plasmonic Ag/AgCl‐modified bismuth subcarbonate (Bi2O2CO3) composites were prepared by a multistep process with hydrothermal, deposition, and photoreduction in the absence of organic capping agents. The properties of the obtained Ag/AgCl/Bi2O2CO3 samples were characterized using X‐ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron, UV–visible diffuse reflectance, and photoluminescence spectroscopies. The results reveal that Ag/AgCl nanoparticles are dispersed on the Bi2O2CO3 surface to achieve plasmonic Ag/AgCl/Bi2O2CO3. The Ag/AgCl/Bi2O2CO3 nanocomposites show improved rhodamine B (RhB) adsorption capacity and photocatalytic activity compared with pure Bi2O2CO3 and Ag/AgCl. In addition, the Ag/AgCl/Bi2O2CO3 composite with 20 wt% Ag/AgCl exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity and remains stable for the photodegradation of RhB under visible light. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of Ag/AgCl/Bi2O2CO3 may be attributed to the surface plasmon resonance effect of in situ generated Ag nanoparticles and synergistic effect of Ag/AgCl and Bi2O2CO3, which increase the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron–hole pairs under visible light irradiation.