bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The intelligent social change journey
Authors: Bennet Alex , Bennet David , Shelley Arthur , Bullard Theresa , Lewis John 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to share key ideas forwarded in the five-book series focused on the Intelligent Social Change Journey (ISCJ) reflecting the latest research in the Consciousness Series supported by the Mountain Quest Institute and collaborators. This review is based on five separate books released as Part I (Laying the Groundwork), Part II (Learning from the Past), Part III (Learning in the Present), Part IV (Co-Creating the Future) and Part V (Living the Future) of The Profundity and Bifurcation of Change.

Design/methodology/approach
Reflecting the consilience approach taken by this in-depth research, the review of ideas provided in this paper tap into a deep array of research in knowledge and learning, with specific reference to recent neuroscience understanding that is emerging, and looks to psychology, physics, cell biology, systems and complexity, cognitive theory, social theory and spirituality for their contributions. The five books are heavily referenced (look to the larger work for these references) and, considering the individual as an intelligent complex adaptive learning system (Bennet et al., 2015b), entangle materials from science to philosophy, facts to psychology, management to poetry and words to pictures. This much shorter review can only partially represent this approach.

Findings
At this point in the history of humanity ? in the midst of a conscious expansion of our human capacity and understanding ? the rules are changing. As we move away from predictable patterns susceptible to logic, we are increasingly reliant on our ?gut? instinct, an internal sense of knowing that can tap into the intuitional plane. Yet, this knowing can only serve us if we ?know? what to do with it, how to act. Development of our mental faculties is essential to acting. We are on a developmental journey of the body, mind and heart, moving from the heaviness of cause-and-effect linear extrapolations, to the fluidity of co-evolving with our environment, to the lightness of breathing our thought and feelings into reality. Grounded in development of our mental faculties, these are phase changes, each building on and expanding previous learning in our movement toward intelligent activity.

Originality/value
This review lays the groundwork for the ISCJ, exploring consciousness through the lens of the cause-and-effect logic of Phase 1 (Learning from the Past), the co-evolving of Phase 2 (Learning in the Present) and the creative leap of Phase 3 (Co-Creating the Future). This research connects the expansion of consciousness to development of the human knowledge system.
Changing the game: a case for gamifying knowledge management
Authors: Shpakova Agnessa , Dörfler Viktor , MacBryde Jill 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
This exploratory paper investigates gamification as a medium for knowledge workers to interact with each other. The purpose of this paper is to open the discussion around the sustaining impact that gamification might have on knowledge management (KM).

Design/methodology/approach
The paper employs an exploratory literature review investigating the current state of the art in relation to KM and gamification; this literature review serves as the starting point of subsequent theorizing.

Findings
Based on the literature review the authors theorize that the use of gamification in KM can go far beyond the motivational aspects. To name just a few uses of gamification, it can help in: supporting flexibility, facilitating transparency and therefore improving trust, visualizing skills and competences as well as generating requirements for new competences and promoting a collaborative environment among the knowledge workers.

Research limitations/implications
This paper opens the discussion around KM and gamification and suggests a wide range of areas for further research.

Practical implications
In this paper the authors argue that by looking at gamification as more than just a set of tools for improving motivation and engagement a company can address some pitfalls of a particular type of knowledge workers.

Originality/value
Gamification is a new, but increasingly popular approach, which has been shown to be powerful in many areas. This paper is novel in that it initiates a dialogue around the impact that gamification might have on KM.
How do the top 40 business schools in the UK understand, teach and implement KM in their teaching?
Authors: Ahmed Allam 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The emergence of “knowledge economies” brings along new lenses to organizational management and behaviour. One of the key concepts at the heart of this new wave is knowledge management (KM). The purpose of this paper is to scrutinize how KM is taught and discussed within the context of business schools around the UK.

Design/methodology/approach
The general research question is: how do top 40 business schools in the UK understand, teach and implement KM in their teaching? To answer this question, the author reviewed the curriculums of leading schools and contacted all schools to collect more information and data.

Findings
The study reveals that KM has yet to carve a self-standing place for itself within taught programmes in UK business schools.

Research limitations/implications
The study’s methodological design can explore the relevance of KM as a term, but it can only provide limited perspective into how this complex and multidimensional concept is operationalized in business schools’ curriculums. Moreover, the capacity of business schools to frame KM holistically is beyond the scope of this research.

Practical implications
Framing KM discourse within the relevant academic literature, this paper outlines that, while KM is being scrutinized as a research topic, interest in KM has yet to be translated into a widespread integration of KM as a taught skill within business schools.

Originality/value
The study is considered as one of the first attempts to investigate how KM is understood, taught and implemented in teaching and curriculum design within the UK business schools.
Serious game: Knoco’s Bird Island, making the point for KM
Authors: Barnes Stephanie , Milton Nick 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
Knowledge management really does make a difference; it is not just an academic idea. There are lots of case studies and examples of knowledge management activities having a significant impact on the results of an organization, and some examples will be cited in the body of the paper. However, Knoco’s Bird Island serious game is one of the quickest, easiest, and most enjoyable ways to make the point. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper will review how Knoco’s Bird Island serious game is played. It will also discuss the results of over the almost 20 years that it has been played: what participants have experienced, what has been learned, and most importantly, the data that have been collected that help prove that sharing knowledge is a very powerful thing to do.

Findings
By using three different KM processes (after action reviews, peer assists, and best practice sharing) results of the activity go from abysmal to unbelievable, increasing by an average of 258 per cent, all because of reflecting, sharing, and learning. Even if participants want to continue to be sceptical of the results that making better use of their organization’s knowledge can have and they think they can only attain a fraction of this, 10 per cent of the demonstrated result is still almost 26 per cent. Isn’t that worth at least giving it a try?

Originality/value
Knoco has been running their serious game for almost two decades and have the data to prove it.
Percutaneous coronary intervention vs coronary artery bypass grafting for left main coronary artery disease? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Sharma Sharan P. , Dahal Khagendra , Khatra Jaspreet , Rosenfeld Alan , Lee Juyong 
Published: March 2017

SummaryBackgroundIt is not clear whether percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is as effective and safe as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for left main coronary artery disease. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared PCI and CABG in left main coronary disease.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Scopus and relevant references for RCTs (inception through, November 20, 2016 without language restrictions) and performed meta‐analysis using random‐effects model. All‐cause mortality, myocardial infarction, revascularization rate, stroke, and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) were the measured outcomes.ResultsSix RCTs with a total population of 4700 were analyzed. There was no difference in all‐cause mortality at 30‐day, one‐year, and five‐year (1.8% vs 1.1%; OR 0.60; 95% CI: 0.26‐1.39; P=.23; I2=9%) follow‐up between PCI and CABG. CABG group had less myocardial infarction (MI) at five‐year follow‐up than PCI (5% vs 2.5%; OR 2.04; CI: 1.30‐3.19; P=.002; I2=1%). Revascularization rate favored CABG in one‐year (8.6% vs 4.5%; OR 2; CI: 1.46‐2.73; P<.0001; I2=45%) and five‐year (15.9% vs 9.9%; OR 1.73; CI: 1.36‐2.20; P<.0001; I2=0%) follow‐up. Although stroke rate was lower in PCI group at 1 year, there was no difference in longer follow‐up. MACCE at 5 years favored CABG (24% vs 18%; OR 1.45; CI: 1.19‐1.76; P=.0001; I2=0%). On subgroup analysis, MACCE were not different between two groups in low‐to‐intermediate SYNTAX group while it was higher for PCI group with high SYNTAX group.ConclusionPercutaneous coronary intervention could be as safe and effective as CABG in a select group of left main coronary artery disease patients.
Influence of limiting and regulating factors on populations of Asian citrus psyllid and the risk of insect and disease outbreaks
Authors: Udell B.J. , Monzo C. , Paris T.M. , Allan S.A. , Stansly P.A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDiaphorina citri, known as the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), is the insect vector of a devastating citrus disease (huanglongbing; HLB), which has caused billions of dollars in damage in Florida since its detection in 2005. Data from long‐term monitoring programs in two Florida citrus groves were used to assess ACP demography and population ecology, which is needed to implement more effective management strategies for HLB. Seasonal patterns and correlations between ACP density estimates and a suite of environmental and community indicators, previously shown to influence ACP demography, were described and interpreted. Data were evaluated for evidence for spatial clustering and density‐dependent recruitment of ACP in a major outbreak event using Taylor power law analysis and by fitting a stochastic Beverton–Holt recruitment model using state‐space approach. Strong evidence for density‐dependent recruitment and spatial clustering was found and should be considered for future modelling work as it can greatly influence ACP populations by affecting their growth rates, dispersal behaviour and morphology, as well as HLB transmission. Observations of ACP density and dispersion in space and time, along with the estimated parameters from the Beverton–Holt model, suggested that intraspecific competition for resources may initiate both local, then widespread dispersal process, thus affecting grove‐wide and area‐wide HLB transmission. When these results were synthesised with those of parallel studies, the removal of several of these regulating factors in a single year could lead to widespread disease of the entire crop in a grove, and likely surrounding groves as well. We provide the first field evidence of the consequences of back‐to‐back ACP colonisation on the rapid spread of the HLB in a grove (a mechanism previously demonstrated in laboratory settings). We stress the importance of proper integrated pest management and area‐wide management to prevent such outbreaks.
E‐cigarette use of young adults motivations and associations with combustible cigarette alcohol, marijuana, and other illicit drugs
Authors: Temple Jeff R. , Shorey Ryan C. , Lu Yu , Torres Elizabeth , Stuart Gregory L. , Le Vi D. 
Published: March 2017

Background and ObjectivesAlthough the prevalence of e‐cigarette use among adolescents and young adults has caught up to or eclipsed that of combustible cigarette use, there is relatively little known about (a) the link between e‐cigarettes and other substances and (b) the reasons underlying this increase in e‐cigarette use. To address this gap in knowledge, the current study examined associations between e‐cigarette use and other substances and identified motives for e‐cigarette use among young adults.MethodsParticipants included an ethnically diverse sample of African American, White, and Hispanic young adults (N = 662; 61% female) who were participating in an ongoing survey‐based longitudinal study of health and risky behaviors.ResultsHispanic, White, and male young adults reported significantly greater past year e‐cigarette use compared to their African American and female counterparts. Bivariate correlations showed that use of e‐cigarettes was positively associated with use of combustible cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, amphetamines, inhalants, hallucinogens, ecstasy, and misuse of over‐the‐counter and prescription medications. Furthermore, e‐cigarette users reported a higher prevalence of substance use relative to those who did not use e‐cigarettes. The taste of e‐cigarettes was identified as an important motive for use.Conclusions and SignificanceAlthough the potential harm associated with e‐cigarettes remains largely unknown, e‐cigarettes appear to be a risk marker for the use of substances that are known to pose substantial health problems. Health care providers should screen for e‐cigarette use, and youth substance use prevention programs should target the reduction of e‐cigarette use with particular attention to addressing their taste appeal. (Am J Addict 2017;26:343–348)
Worldwide prevalence of tocophobia in pregnant women: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: O'Connell Maeve A. , Leahy‐Warren Patricia , Khashan Ali S. , Kenny Louise C. , O'Neill Sinéad M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntroductionTocophobia is defined as a severe fear of pregnancy and childbirth. There is increasing evidence that tocophobia may have short‐term and long‐term adverse effects on mother and baby. We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to determine the global prevalence of tocophobia in pregnancy.Material and methodsRelevant articles were identified through searching six relevant databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Pubmed, PsycINFO, Maternity & Infant Care and Scopus between 1946 and April 2016. We used search terms for tocophobia prevalence in pregnant women that we agreed on with a medical librarian. There were no language restrictions. Two review authors independently assessed data for inclusion, extracted data and assessed quality using a standardized appraisal tool. Meta‐analysis was performed to determine the overall pooled‐prevalence of tocophobia. Several subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted.ResultsThirty‐three studies were included in the systematic review from 18 countries of which data from 29 studies were used in the meta‐analysis of 853 988 pregnant women. Definition of tocophobia varied, whereas prevalence rates ranged between 3.7 and 43%. The overall pooled prevalence of tocophobia, using a random‐effects model, was 14% (95% CI 0.12–0.16). Significant heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 99.25%, p = 0.00), which was not explained in subgroup analyses including tocophobia definition used, screening trimester and parity.ConclusionThe prevalence of tocophobia is estimated at 14% and appears to have increased in recent years (2000 onwards). Considerable heterogeneity (99.25%) was noted that may be attributed to lack of consensus on the definition of tocophobia, so our results should be interpreted with caution.
A visual analogue scale and a Likert scale are simple and responsive tools for assessing dysphagia in eosinophilic oesophagitis
Authors: Reed C. C. , Wolf W. A. , Cotton C. C. , Dellon E. S. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryBackgroundWhile symptom scores have been developed to evaluate dysphagia in eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE), their complexity may limit clinical use.AimTo evaluate a visual analogue scale (VAS) and a 10‐point Likert scale (LS) for assessment of dysphagia severity before and after EoE treatment.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study enrolling consecutive adults undergoing out‐patient endoscopy. Incident cases of EoE were diagnosed per consensus guidelines. At diagnosis and after 8 weeks of treatment, symptoms were measured using the VAS, LS and the Mayo Dysphagia Questionnaire (MDQ). The percentage change in scores before and after treatment were compared overall, in treatment responders (<15 eos/hpf) and non‐responders, and in patients without baseline dilation.ResultsIn 51 EoE cases, the median VAS decreased from 3.6 at baseline to 1.4 post‐treatment (71% decrease), the LS decreased from 6 to 2 (67%) and the MDQ decreased from 20 to 10 (49%). The VAS correlated with both the LS (R = 0.77; P < 0.0001) and MDQ (R = 0.46, P = 0.001). After stratification by histological response, the LS decreased 70% in responders vs. 13% in non‐responders (P = 0.02). In patients who did not receive baseline dilation, both the VAS and LS decreased significantly more in the histological responders.ConclusionsBoth the VAS and LS were responsive to successful treatment as measured by histologic improvement. Because the VAS and LS are simple to administer and are responsive to treatment, they can provide an efficient and objective method for assessing dysphagia severity in EoE in clinical practice.
Two potential players in the evolutionary theatre: Do caddisflies mimic gastropods?
Authors: Wiggering Benedikt , Glaubrecht Matthias 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMimicry is one of the best examples of coevolution. For a mimetic system to function, the mimic has to equal its model. Due to this close dependence, mimetic systems promise deep insights into modes and means of evolution. Mimicry is known to occur in many taxa across different groups of organisms. However, while a plethora of mimetic systems exist, cross‐phyla convergences have only rarely been reported in shelled gastropods. Our literature survey brought to light several mimetic systems including gastropods (as model or mimic), all of them in either a marine or a terrestrial setting. We here report on the first potential case of mimicry involving freshwater snails. We found larval cases of European Helicopsyche caddisfly to closely resemble Valvata gastropod shells in shape and size. In particular, stunning is the detailed similarity of features in these trichopteran cases to those characteristic for snail shells, for example, apex, aperture and umbilicus, hinting at a strong selection pressure to be involved. We discuss this unique case of mimicry that might hold unparalleled insight in mimetic relationships, taking into account alternative environmental factors and potential predatory dupes, in particular birds that might have successively caused the evolution of coiled cases in helicopsychid trichopterans.
A Model for Paired-Multinomial Data and Its Application to Analysis of Data on a Taxonomic Tree
Authors: Shi Pixu , Li Hongzhe 
Published: March 2017

SummaryIn human microbiome studies, sequencing reads data are often summarized as counts of bacterial taxa at various taxonomic levels specified by a taxonomic tree. This article considers the problem of analyzing two repeated measurements of microbiome data from the same subjects. Such data are often collected to assess the change of microbial composition after certain treatment, or the difference in microbial compositions across body sites. Existing models for such count data are limited in modeling the covariance structure of the counts and in handling paired multinomial count data. A new probability distribution is proposed for paired-multinomial count data, which allows flexible covariance structure and can be used to model repeatedly measured multivariate count data. Based on this distribution, a test statistic is developed for testing the difference in compositions based on paired multinomial count data. The proposed test can be applied to the count data observed on a taxonomic tree in order to test difference in microbiome compositions and to identify the subtrees with different subcompositions. Simulation results indicate that proposed test has correct type 1 errors and increased power compared to some commonly used methods. An analysis of an upper respiratory tract microbiome data set is used to illustrate the proposed methods.
The gap junction modifier ZP1609 decreases cardiomyocyte hypercontracture following ischaemia/reperfusion independent from mitochondrial connexin 43
Authors: Boengler Kerstin , Bulic Marko , Schreckenberg Rolf , Schlüter Klaus‐Dieter , Schulz Rainer 
Published: March 2017

Background and PurposeDysregulation of gap junction‐mediated cell coupling contributes to development of arrhythmias and myocardial damage after ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R). Connexin 43 (Cx43) is present at ventricular gap junctions and also in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes. The dipeptide (2S, 4R)‐1‐(2‐aminoacetyl)‐4‐benzamidopyrrolidine‐2‐carboxylic acid (ZP1609) has antiarrhythmic properties and reduces infarct size when given at reperfusion. However, it is unclear, whether ZP1609 targets Cx43‐containing mitochondria and affects cardiomyocyte hypercontracture following I/R.Experimental ApproachWe studied the effects of ZP1609 on the function of murine sub‐sarcolemmal mitochondria (SSM, containing Cx43) and interfibrillar mitochondria (IFM, lacking Cx43). Murine isolated cardiomyocytes were subjected to simulated I/R without and with ZP1609 (applied during I/R or at the onset of reperfusion only), and the number of cardiomyocytes undergoing hypercontracture was quantified. Biochemical pathways targeted by ZP1609 in cardiomyocytes were analysed.Key ResultsZP1609 inhibited ADP‐stimulated respiration and ATP production in SSM and IFM. ROS formation and calcium retention capacities in SSM and IFM were not affected by ZP1609, whereas potassium uptake was enhanced in IFM. The number of rod‐shaped cardiomyocytes was increased by ZP1609 (10 μM) when administered either during I/R or reperfusion. ZP1609 altered the phosphorylation of proteins contributing to the protection against I/R injury.Conclusions and ImplicationsZP1609 reduced mitochondrial respiration and ATP production, but enhanced potassium uptake of IFM. Additionally, ZP1609 reduced the extent of cardiomyocytes undergoing hypercontracture following I/R. The protective effect was independent of mitochondrial Cx43, as ZP1609 exerts its effects in Cx43‐containing SSM and Cx43‐lacking IFM.