bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Burkholderia sp. XTB‐5 for Phenol Degradation and Plant Growth Promotion and Its Application in Bioremediation of Contaminated Soil
Authors: Chen Jun , Li Songshuo , Xu Bin , Su Cuizhu , Jiang Qiuyue , Zhou Chenhao , Jin Qing , Zhao Yu , Xiao Ming 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA key issue when researching land degradation is the pollution of soils. For bioremediation of contaminated soil, Burkholderia sp. XTB‐5 cells were obtained from soil and grown on mineral salt medium with initial phenol concentrations of 650 mg L−1 and 850 mg L−1, which were found to degrade more than 98% of phenol content in less than 4 days. About 90% of phenol content (with initial concentration of 250 mg kg−1 soil) was removed from soil inoculated with XTB‐5 cells in 6 days. More than 90% of phenol content was removed within 20 days after co‐introduction of XTB‐5 cells and plants to sterilized soil in a greenhouse or to natural soil in field trials. But under the same conditions, individual introduction of plants to sterilized soil in the greenhouse reduced phenol content by about 50% and introduction to natural soil in field trials reduced phenol content by about 38%, suggesting that phytoremediation of phenol is often inefficient and microorganisms can efficiently degrade this pollutant. In addition, strain XTB‐5 was found to solubilize phosphate and produce 1‐Aminocyclopropane‐1‐Carboxylate (ACC) deaminase and siderophore. Strain XTB‐5 promoted plant growth in both phenol‐absent and phenol‐spiked soil under greenhouse and field conditions. Considering that ACC deaminase is beneficial to plant growth under adverse environmental conditions, plant growth promotion by XTB‐5 in phenol‐contaminated soil is not only due to XTB‐5 cell‐degradation of phenol and reduced phytotoxicity but also to production of ACC deaminase. Hence, Burkholderia sp. XTB‐5 presents an attractive microorganism for phytoremediation of contaminated soil and agronomic application. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel membrane inlet‐infrared gas analysis (MI‐IRGA) system for monitoring of seawater carbonate system
Authors: Camp Emma F. , Dong Laing F. , Suggett David J. , Smith David J. , Boatman Tobias G. , Crosswell Joseph R. , Evenhuis Christian , Scorfield Steven , Walinjkar Amit , Woods John , Lawson Tracy 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIncreased atmospheric CO2 concentrations are driving changes in ocean chemistry at unprecedented rates resulting in ocean acidification, which is predicted to impact the functioning of marine biota, in particular of marine calcifiers. However, the precise understanding of such impacts relies on an analytical system that determines the mechanisms and impact of elevated pCO2 on the physiology of organisms at scales from species to entire communities. Recent work has highlighted the need within experiments to control all aspects of the carbonate system to resolve the role of different inorganic carbon species on the physiological responses observed across taxa in real‐time. Presently however, there are limited options available for continuous quantification of physiological responses, coupled with real‐time calculation of the seawater carbonate chemistry system within microcosm environments. Here, we describe and characterise the performance of a novel pCO2 membrane equilibrium system (the Membrane Inlet Infra‐Red Gas Analyser, MI‐IRGA) integrated with a continuous pH and oxygen monitoring platform. The system can detect changes in the seawater carbonate chemistry and determine organism physiological responses, while providing the user with real‐time control over the microcosm system. We evaluate the systems control, response time and associated error, and demonstrate the flexibility of the system to operate under field conditions and within a laboratory. We use the system to measure physiological parameters (photosynthesis and respiration) for the corals Pocillipora damicornis and Porites cylindrica; in doing so we present a novel dataset examining the interactive role of temperature, light and pCO2 on the physiology of P. cylindrica.
A fast and direct liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry method to detect and quantify polyunsaturated aldehydes and polar oxylipins in diatoms
Authors: Kuhlisch Constanze , Deicke Michael , Ueberschaar Nico , Wichard Thomas , Pohnert Georg 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPolyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs) are a group of microalgal metabolites that have attracted a lot of attention due to their biological activity. Determination of PUAs has become an important routine procedure in plankton and biofilm investigations, especially those that deal with chemically mediated interactions. Here we introduce a fast and direct derivatization free method that allows quantifying PUAs in the nanomolar range, sufficient to undertake the analysis from cultures and field samples. The sample preparation requires one simple filtration step and the initiation of PUA formation by cell disruption. After centrifugation the samples are ready for measurement without any further handling. Within one chromatographic run this method additionally allows us to monitor the formation of the polar oxylipins arising from the cleavage of precursor fatty acids. The robust method is based on analyte separation and detection using ultra high performance liquid chromatography‐atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐APCI MS) and enables high throughput investigations by employing an analysis time of only 5 min. Our protocol thus provides an alternative and extension to existing PUA determinations based on gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) with shorter run times and without any chemical derivatization. It also enables researchers with widely available LC‐MS analytical platforms to monitor PUAs. Additionally, non‐volatile oxylipins such as ω‐oxo‐acids and related compounds can be elucidated and monitored.
Perspectives in the application of residual dipolar couplings in the structure elucidation of weakly aligned small molecules
Authors: Schmidts Volker 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis perspective article aims to review the general methodology in the application of residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) in the structure elucidation of small molecules and give the author's view on challenges for future applications. Recent improvements in the availability of alignment media, new pulse sequences for the measurement of couplings and improvements in the analysis software have garnered widespread interest in the technique. However, further generalization is needed in order to make RDC analysis into a truly “routine” method. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Propagation of material and surface profile uncertainties on MEMS micro‐resonators using a stochastic second‐order computational multi‐scale approach
Authors: Lucas V. , Golinval J.‐C. , Voicu R. C. , Danila M. , Gavrila R. , Müller R. , Dinescu A. , Noels L. , Wu L. 
Published: October 2016

SummaryThis paper aims at accounting for the uncertainties because of material structure and surface topology of micro‐beams in a stochastic multi‐scale model. For micro‐resonators made of anisotropic polycrystalline materials, micro‐scale uncertainties exist because of the grain size, grain orientation, and the surface profile. First, micro‐scale realizations of stochastic volume elements are obtained based on experimental measurements. To account for the surface roughness, the stochastic volume elements are defined as a volume element having the same thickness as the microelectromechanical system (MEMS), with a view to the use of a plate model at the structural scale. The uncertainties are then propagated up to an intermediate scale, the meso‐scale, through a second‐order homogenization procedure. From the meso‐scale plate‐resultant material property realizations, a spatially correlated random field of the in‐plane, out‐of‐plane, and cross‐resultant material tensors can be characterized. Owing to this characterized random field, realizations of MEMS‐scale problems can be defined on a plate finite element model. Samples of the macro‐scale quantity of interest can then be computed by relying on a Monte Carlo simulation procedure. As a case study, the resonance frequency of MEMS micro‐beams is investigated for different uncertainty cases, such as grain‐preferred orientations and surface roughness effects. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Autism genetics – an overview
Authors: Yin Jiani , Schaaf Christian P. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heritable, clinically diverse group of neurodevelopmental disorders. Its genetic heterogeneity is remarkable, with more than 800 ASD predisposition genes identified to date. They are involved in various biological processes, including chromatin remodeling and gene transcription regulation, cell growth and proliferation, ubiquitination, and neuronal‐specific processes, such as synaptic organization and activity, dendritic morphology, and axonogenesis. This review aims to discuss basic autism genetics, explicate ways to investigate ASD in model systems, highlight some key genes and their molecular pathways, and introduce novel theories of ASD pathogenesis, such as imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory brain activity, oligogenic heterozygosity, and the female protective model. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cambrian palaeoscolecids (Cycloneuralia) of southern Scandinavia
Authors: Streng Michael , Ebbestad Jan Ove R. , Berg‐Madsen Vivianne 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA previously undocumented diversity of Cambrian palaeoscolecids is described from localities in Sweden, Norway and Denmark. The material described here includes isolated sclerites as well as the first macroscopic specimens reported from the palaeocontinent Baltica. The sclerites are all of early middle Cambrian age (Ptychagnostus gibbusBiozone) and are assigned to at least four new species ofHadimopanella, two of which are formally introduced:H. incubosp. nov. andH. oelandianasp. nov. The two macroscopic specimens are of late early Cambrian (Ellipsocephalus lunatusBiozone) and early middle Cambrian age (Acadoparadoxides oelandicusBiozone), respectively. The early Cambrian specimen is described asMaotianshania? sp. and comprises an incomplete annulated trunk fragment which is uniformly covered with circular sclerites, indicative of the palaeoscolecid family Maotianshaniidae. This is the first record of this family outside China. The middle Cambrian specimen is almost complete and introduced asWronascolex?johanssonisp. nov. It is characterized by a previously undocumented distribution of itsHadimopanella‐like sclerites which increase in size and change ornamentation from the anterior to the posterior end of the distinctly annulated trunk. The observed distribution pattern can explain the high variability of species of the sclerite‐based genusHadimopanellaas well as the occurrence of rare morphotypes ofHadimopanellain otherwise rich samples. Available data on the ontogeny of palaeoscolecids regarding the relationship between body and sclerite size of a taxon are evaluated. It is concluded that sclerite size might be species specific and should be considered when comparing taxa with morphological similar sclerites.
Cover Image, Volume 7, Issue 6
Authors: Kumar Shailesh , Razzaq Sundus Khalid , Vo Angie Duy , Gautam Mamta , Li Hui 
Published: October 2016

The cover image, by Shailesh Kumar et al., is based on the Advanced Review Identifying fusion transcripts using next generation sequencing, DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1382.
image
Disclosing Huntington's Genetic Testing Results in the Context of Intellectual Disability and Guardianship: Using the Family Illness Narrative to Guide the Flow of Information
Authors: Warren Mark B. , Schak Kathryn M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA diagnosis of Huntington's disease has broad social, vocational, reproductive and psychological implications. The ability to accurately diagnose the illness via genetic testing is not new. However, given a persistent lack of robustly effective interventions, it remains an area of ethical concern. The difficulty is compounded in cases of intellectual disability. This paper presents a case of genetic testing for Huntington's disease conducted on a patient with intellectual disability with guardian consent, but without the patient's direct knowledge and how the family illness narrative and psychiatric care were employed in the eventual disclosure of the patient's diagnosis and subsequent management.
New Role of Hispidulin in Lipid Metabolism: PPARα Activator
Authors: Wu Xinchi , Xu Juan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractHispidulin is a naturally occurring flavonoid isolated from a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Saussurea involucrata. In this study, the regulating role of hispidulin on the mRNA expression level of enzymes involved in lipid metabolism was examined in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the in vivo lipid‐modulating effect of hispidulin was compared with that of fenofibrate, a classical PPARα agonist. Our results in present study demonstrated that hispidulin can directly bind to and activate PPARα as an agonist and thus modulate the downstream lipid‐metabolizing genes. Moreover, hispidulin could attenuate dyslipidemia in high fat diet induced dyslipidemia rat model. Although further studies are needed, this study provided evidence for the potential use of hispidulin in dyslipidemia management.
Departmental h-Index: Evidence for Publishing Less?
Authors: Tyrrell Pascal N. , Moody Alan R. , Moody J. Oscar C. , Ghiam Neda 
Published: October 2016

Purpose The h-index is an established method for determining an individual faculty member's impact on the scientific literature. The purpose of this study was to measure and describe over time the combined h-index of a large university medical imaging department. Materials and Methods All faculty members from the Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, were identified from administrative records for 6 separate years between 2000-2014. Individual members' and the departmental h-index were calculated using citation data from the Scopus database. Descriptive univariate statistics were reported. Factors contributing to the change in departmental h-index over time were assessed using linear regression analysis. Results The number of faculty members increased from 117 in 2000 to 186 in 2014. The departmental h-index increased from 48 in 2000 to 142 in 2014. During this time period, the median h-index for faculty members increased from 4 (interquartile range 2-8) to 10 (interquartile range 5-19). Regression analysis revealed that for every additional staff member, the departmental h-index increased by 1.4 (standard error = 0.1, P < .01), whereas, by increasing the median h-index of members by 1 the departmental h-index increased by 15.7 (standard error = 0.6, P < .01). Conclusion Our study suggests that to increase a department's h-index, it is important to foster impactful research from within the faculty ranks of the department. The h-index of academic radiology departments is a meaningful tool that allows for evaluation from within and against other academic centres.
Fibroma sinovial como causa atípica de síndrome de túnel del carpo: presentación de 2 casos clínicos
Authors: Paredes-Carnero X. , Vidal B. , Delgado P.J. 
Published: October 2016

El fibroma sinovial (FS) es una tumoración benigna que puede encontrarse en la mano, teniendo predilección por las vainas flexoras. Esta lesión puede comportarse como una lesión ocupante de espacio (LOE), la cual puede llegar a comprimir nervios, como en el túnel del carpo, provocando un síndrome del túnel del carpo (STC). Este hecho solo ha sido descrito en 9 ocasiones. Cuando el STC se presenta de manera unilateral debemos descartar una LOE, entre las cuales el FS debería ser considerado como diagnóstico diferencial, especialmente frente al tumor de células gigantes, del cual solo es diferenciable microscópicamente, por lo que la resección de la	masa es imprescindible. Los 2 casos aquí descritos tuvieron diferentes presentaciones clínicas pero sin complicaciones tras la resección.
Colgajos libres en cirugía de la mano: nuestra experiencia en 49 casos
Authors: Villanueva A. , de Ona I. , de Oya A. , López J.I. 
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: Revisar los colgajos libres utilizados más frecuentemente en la reconstrucción de la mano y evaluar sus resultados, ventajas y complicaciones.Material y método: Entre el 2011 y el 2014, 49 pacientes fueron intervenidos mediante diferentes transferencias microquirúrgicas, con una edad media de 41 años (25-57). En función de la localización del defecto, se han realizado: a) 29 colgajos libres para los dedos; b) 11 transferencias libres para cobertura de la mano, diferenciando entre zona dorsal de la mano y primera comisura: 5 pacientes; zona volar: 2 pacientes, y cobertura de ambas simultáneamente: 4 pacientes, y c) 9 transferencias óseas vascularizadas para seudoartosis (7 casos) y reconstrucción de articulaciones (2 casos) en la mano y los dedos.Los resultados fueron evaluados en términos de supervivencia del colgajo, complicaciones, reintervenciones y satisfacción del paciente. Además, en los casos de afectación de los pulpejos de los dedos, también se valoró el índice de discriminación de 2 puntos.Resultados: El porcentaje de supervivencia del colgajo fue del 100%. En 5 casos fue necesaria una tenoartrólisis secundaria y en otro caso (lateral de brazo para cobertura volar de 4 dedos) se intervino al paciente en 2 ocasiones más para la separación completa de los dedos. Se obtuvieron buenos resultados estéticos y funcionales en todos los pacientes, con alto grado de satisfacción. Los pacientes con afectación del pulpejo obtuvieron una media en el índice de discriminación de 2 puntos de 9,1 mm (8-11).Conclusiones: En nuestra opinión, el uso de colgajos libres en cirugía de la mano proporciona un mejor resultado, sin sacrificar —a diferencia de los colgajos locales—, otras zonas sanas de la mano, consiguiéndose una mínima morbilidad de la zona donante y muy buenos resultados estéticos y funcionales.
Green Roof Cost-Benefit Analysis: Special Emphasis on Scenic Benefits
Authors: Nurmi Väinö , Votsis Athanasios , Perrels Adriaan , Lehvävirta Susanna 
Published: October 2016

This article presents a green roof cost-benefit analysis (CBA). Green roofs are roofs which are partially or completely covered by vegetation. We discuss the benefits and costs of light self-sustaining vegetated roofs. The benefits of the ecosystem services (ES) provided by green roofs can be classified into private and public benefits. We apply the selected valuation methods first in Helsinki, Finland and subsequently explain how results can be transferred to other urban locations. Past research and this study show that private benefits are usually not high enough to justify the expensive investment for a private decision maker. However, when the public benefits are added to the private benefits, social benefits are higher than the costs of green roofs in most cases.Past research quantified most types of the benefits, excluding scenic and biodiversity benefits. Scenic benefits denote the intangible benefits that people derive from the presence of green space, including at least aesthetic and psychological ones. In this article, special emphasis is placed on the valuation of the scenic benefits; these are among the most challenging benefits to valuate in monetary terms. We employ hedonic pricing theory, implemented via spatial regression models, and green roof implementation scenarios in order to estimate the aggregate willingness to pay for a “unit” of green roof. The results show that the scenic benefits can be a significant attribute in cost-benefit calculations. Yet, the amount of benefits strongly depends on the green roof design.
Challenges Faced and Support Received: Older Adults’ Perceptions of Hurricane Sandy
Authors: Heid Allison R. , Schug Seran , Cartwright Francine P. , Pruchno Rachel 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObjectiveIndividuals exposed to natural disasters are at risk for negative physical and psychological outcomes. Older adults may be particularly vulnerable; however, social support can act as a resource to help individuals respond to severe stressors. This study explored the challenges older people faced before, during, and after Hurricane Sandy in October 2012 and the people they turned to for support.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 older adults in New Jersey drawn from the ORANJ BOWL (Ongoing Research on Aging in New Jersey – Bettering Opportunities for Wellness in Life) research panel, who experienced high levels of primary home damage during Hurricane Sandy. Content analysis of interview transcripts classified older adults’ perceptions on how they “made it” through—the challenges they faced and the support they received.ResultsThe findings suggested that older adults experienced emotional, instrumental, social, and financial challenges before, during, and after the storm. However, by relying on family and friends, as well as neighbors and community networks, older people were able to respond to stressors.ConclusionsOur findings carry implications for ensuring that older adults are connected to social networks before, during, and after disasters. The role of neighbors is particularly important when disasters strike. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:39–47)
Stimulation parameters differ between current anti-modiolar and peri-modiolar electrode arrays implanted within the same child
Authors: Polonenko M J , Cushing S L , Gordon K A , Allemang B , Jewell S , Papsin B C 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObjective:To compare stimulation parameters of peri-modiolar and anti-modiolar electrode arrays using two surgical approaches.Methods:Impedance, stimulation thresholds, comfortably loud current levels, electrically evoked compound action potential thresholds and electrically evoked stapedial reflex thresholds were compared between 2 arrays implanted in the same child at 5 time points: surgery, activation/day 1, week 1, and months 1 and 3. The peri-modiolar array was implanted via cochleostomy in all children (n= 64), while the anti-modiolar array was inserted via a cochleostomy in 43 children and via the round window in 21 children.Results:The anti-modiolar array had significantly lower impedance, but required higher current levels to elicit thresholds, comfort, electrically evoked compound action potential thresholds and electrically evoked stapedial reflex thresholds than the peri-modiolar array across all time points, particularly in basal electrodes (p< 0.05). The prevalence of open electrodes was similar in anti-modiolar (n= 5) and peri-modiolar (n= 3) arrays.Conclusion:Significant but clinically acceptable differences in stimulation parameters between peri-modiolar and anti-modiolar arrays persisted four months after surgery in children using bilateral cochlear implants. The surgical approach used to insert the anti-modiolar array had no overall effect on outcomes.