bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preferential Heating and Acceleration of Heavy Ions in Impulsive Solar Flares
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Eichler David , Gaspari Massimo , Spitkovsky Anatoly 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We simulate decaying turbulence in a homogeneous pair plasma using a three-dimensional electromagnetic particle-in-cell method. A uniform background magnetic field permeates the plasma such that the magnetic pressure is three times larger than the thermal pressure and the turbulence is generated by counter-propagating shear Alfvén waves. The energy predominately cascades transverse to the background magnetic field, rendering the turbulence anisotropic at smaller scales. We simultaneously move several ion species of varying charge to mass ratios in our simulation and show that the particles of smaller charge to mass ratios are heated and accelerated to non-thermal energies at a faster rate. This is in accordance with the enhancement of heavy ions and a non-thermal tail in their energy spectrum observed in the impulsive solar flares. We further show that the heavy ions are energized mostly in the direction perpendicular to the background magnetic field, with a rate consistent with our analytical estimate of the rate of heating due to cyclotron resonance with the Alfvén waves, of which a large fraction is due to obliquely propagating waves.
Attitudes and Approaches for Withdrawing Drugs for Children with Clinically Inactive Nonsystemic JIA: A Survey of the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance
Authors: Horton Daniel B. , Onel Karen B. , Beukelman Timothy , Ringold Sarah 
Published: February 2017

Objective.To assess the attitudes and strategies of pediatric rheumatology clinicians toward withdrawing medications for children with clinically inactive juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).Methods.Members of the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) completed an anonymous electronic survey on decision making and approaches for withdrawing medications for inactive nonsystemic JIA. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results.Of 388 clinicians in CARRA, 124 completed surveys (32%), predominantly attending pediatric rheumatologists. The most highly ranked factors in decision making for withdrawing medications were the duration of clinical inactivity, drug toxicity, duration of prior activity, patient/family preferences, joint damage, and JIA category. Diagnoses of rheumatoid factor-positive polyarthritis and persistent oligoarthritis made respondents less likely and more likely, respectively, to withdraw JIA medications. Three-quarters of respondents waited for 6–12 months of inactive disease before stopping methotrexate (MTX) or biologics, but preferences varied. There was also considerable variability in the strategies used to reduce, taper, or stop medications for clinically inactive JIA; most commonly, clinicians reported slow medication tapers lasting at least 2 months. For children receiving combination MTX-biologic therapy, 63% of respondents preferred stopping MTX first. Most clinicians reported using imaging only seldom or sometimes to guide decision making, but most were also reluctant to withdraw medications in the presence of asymptomatic imaging abnormalities suggestive of subclinical inflammation.Conclusion.Considerable variability exists among pediatric rheumatology clinicians regarding when and how to withdraw medications for children with clinically inactive JIA. More research is needed to identify the most effective approaches to withdraw medications and predictors of outcomes.
Cutting Edge: Helicobacter pylori Induces Nuclear Hypersegmentation and Subtype Differentiation of Human Neutrophils In Vitro
Authors: Whitmore Laura C. , Weems Megan N. , Allen Lee-Ann H. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infects the human stomach and causes a spectrum of disease that includes gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric adenocarcinoma. A chronic, neutrophil-rich inflammatory response characterizes this infection. It is established that H. pylori stimulates neutrophil chemotaxis and a robust respiratory burst, but other aspects of this interaction are incompletely defined. We demonstrate here that H. pylori induces N1-like subtype differentiation of human neutrophils as indicated by profound nuclear hypersegmentation, a CD62Ldim, CD16bright, CD11bbright, CD66bbright, CD63bright surface phenotype, proinflammatory cytokine secretion, and cytotoxicity. Hypersegmentation requires direct neutrophil–H. pylori contact as well as transcription and both host and bacterial protein synthesis, but not urease, NapA, VacA, CagA, or CagT. The concept of neutrophil plasticity is new and, to our knowledge, these data are the first evidence that neutrophils can undergo subtype differentiation in vitro in response to bacterial pathogen infection. We hypothesize that these changes favor H. pylori persistence and disease.
Bioelectric Impedance Analysis of Visceral Fat in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and the Effect of Exercise: A Pilot Study
Authors: Kumar Pratap , Pai Praveena Joglekar , Pallavi G , Maiya Arun G , Ramachandra Preetha 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTAimsTo determine the body fat distribution in 30 women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) using bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) and assess the effect of a 2-month structured exercise on body fat, menstrual function and fertility outcomes.Materials and methodsThirty women with PCOS underwent assessment of body composition with BIA. Their body mass index (BMI), total body fat (TBF), visceral fat (VF) and subcutaneous fat were analyzed. Two-month structured exercises were advised based on individual exercise tolerance. The postexercise parameters were reassessed. Outcome measures studied were improvement in BMI, TBF, VF, subcutaneous fat, menstrual functions, and fertility outcomes.ResultsA significant reduction in BMI, VF and subcutaneous fat was found in these women after exercise. Results were further analyzed after dividing them into three groups based on their BMI (normal, overweight, and obese). There was a significant reduction in all parameters (BMI, TBF, visceral and subcutaneous fat) in the overweight group. In the obese group, there was a significant drop in BMI and VF and to a lesser extent in the TBF. In women with normal BMI, a significant drop was noted in TBF only. On follow-up, five women reported regularization of their menstrual cycles and four others managed to conceiveConclusionTotal body fat and VF can be cost-effectively measured by a simple tool called BIA. Tailor-made exercises based on individual tolerance are effective in improving these parameters even when done over a short duration. These improvements do positively impact the menstrual dysfunctions and subfertility.Clinical significanceThese findings will help in better management of women with PCOS and ensure optimal improvement in menstrual dysfunction and fertility outcomesHow to cite this articlePallavi G, Pai P, Kumar P, Maiya AG, Ramachandra P. Bioelectric Impedance Analysis of Visceral Fat in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and the Effect of Exercise: A Pilot Study. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2016;7(3):89-93.
Application of Randomization Techniques for an Unbiased Assessment of Outcome in Clinical Studies
Authors: Suresh KP , Yasaswini Sri , Reshma K 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTIn human clinical trials and biological experiments, randomization has been extensively used as a method of experimental control. It insures against the accidental bias and helps in preventing the selection bias. In treatment assignments, it eliminates the source of bias and produces the comparable groups, thereby expressing the likelihood of chance as a source for the difference of end outcome by permitting the use of probability theory. This study covers different methods of randomization and the use of online statistical computing web programming www.randomization. com for generating the randomization schedule. Issues related to randomization are also discussed in this study.How to cite this articleSuresh KP, Yasaswini S, Reshma K. Application of Randomization Techniques for an Unbiased Assessment of Outcome in Clinical Studies. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2016;7(3):94-98.
Congenital High Airway Obstruction Syndrome presenting as Nonimmune Hydrops in a 19-week Fetus
Authors: Kumar Pratap , Mundkur Anjali , Nayak Shalini S , Vasudeva Akhila , Katta Girisha M 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
A 27-year-old primigravida at 19 weeks of gestation with suspected hydrops fetalis. There were characteristic ultrasonographic features like hyper inflated and enlarged lungs, flattened diaphragm, small centrally displaced heart, and hydrops suggestive of CHAOS. Congenital high airway obstruction syndrome is a rare fetal anomaly causing nonimmune hydrops. Prenatal ultrasound features are characteristic. Meticulous system wise fetal imaging in the presence of hydrops would help in early diagnosis of the condition, helping in appropriate management of pregnancy.

How to cite this article
Mundkur A, Nayak SS, Vasudeva A, Katta GM, Kumar P. Congenital High Airway Obstruction Syndrome presenting as Nonimmune Hydrops in a 19-week Fetus. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2016;7(3):99-102.
Acardiac Twin: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Srivastava Nimisha N , Bhatia Tulsi , Narshetty Jayshree 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe incidence of multifetal pregnancies has dramatically increased due to assisted reproductive technology. As a result, preterm labor, Preterm premature rupture of the membranes, congenital anomalies and fetal losses are commonly encountered by obstetricians. Despite advances in diagnostic modalities and prenatal care, many times the complications associated with multifetal pregnancies may remain undiagnosed. Complications are more with monochorionic twin gestation due to placental sharing. “Twin – reversed arterial perfusion” sequence or “acardiac twin” is one such complication. This case report presents an antenatally undiagnosed monochorionic twin pregnancy, resulting in preterm delivery of a healthy, normal twin along with an acardiac acephalus co-twin.How to cite this articleSrivastava NN, Bhatia T, Narshetty J, Kumar S. Acardiac Twin: A Rare Case Report. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2016;7(3):103-104.
Collagen and Its Role in predicting the Biological Behavior of Odontogenic Lesions
Authors: Kulkarni Pavan G , Kumari M Aruna , Jahagirdar Abhishek , Nandan SRK , D Shyam Prasad Reddy , Keerthi M 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionOdontogenic cysts and tumors have variable recurrence rates. Recurrence rate is mainly due to the activity of the epithelium. The epithelium of these lesions has been investigated extensively in regard to their role in proliferative and aggressive behavior of the lesions. However, the role of the connective tissue wall in their behavior has not been studied as extensively. Collagen is an essential part of the connective tissue as a whole and fibrous wall of cystic lesions especially. It is demonstrated by picrosirius red dye staining combined with polarization microscopy. This method permits the evaluation of the nature of the collagen fibers in addition to their thickness.Materials and methodsA total of 56 histopathologically diagnosed cases comprising odontogenic follicle, dentigerous cyst, unicystic ameloblastoma, keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT), multicystic/solid ameloblastoma, and ameloblastic carcinoma were taken and stained using picrosirius red stain and evaluated using a polarizing microscope.ResultsCollagen fibers in odontogenic follicles and dentigerous cysts showed predominant orange-red birefringence; fibers in unicystic ameloblastoma and KCOT showed both orange red and greenish-yellow birefringence; and fibers of multicystic/ solid ameloblastoma showed predominant greenish-yellow birefringence and ameloblastic carcinoma that showed almost complete greenish birefringence. As the biological behavior of the lesions in the spectrum studied progress toward aggressive nature, increase in immature collagen fibers is noticed.ConclusionThis study suggests that the nature of collagen fibers plays a pivotal role in predicting the biological behavior of odontogenic lesions.Clinical significanceAggressive nature of the odontogenic lesions is determined by both the epithelium and the connective tissue components (collagen). Studying the nature and type of collagen helps in predicting its biological behavior.How to cite this articleKulkarni PG, Kumari MA, Jahagirdar A, Nandan SRK, Reddy DSP, Keerthi M. Collagen and Its Role in predicting the Biological Behavior of Odontogenic Lesions. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):137-141.
Determinants of Demand in the Public Dental Emergency Service
Authors: Marta Sara Nader , Matsumoto Maria SA , Gatti Marcia AN , de Conti Marta HS , de AP Simeão Sandra F , de Oliveira Braga Franzolin Solange 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Although dental emergencies are primarily aimed at pain relief, in practice, dental emergency services have been overwhelmed by the massive inflow of patients with less complex cases, which could be resolved at basic levels of health care. They frequently become the main gateway to the system. We investigated the determinant factors of demand at the Central Dental Emergency Unit in Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.

Materials and methods
The questionnaire was applied to 521 users to evaluate sociodemographic profile; factors that led users to seek the service at the central dental emergency; perception of service offered.

Results
About 80.4% of users went directly to the central dental emergency, even before seeking basic health units. The reasons were difficulty to be attended (34.6%) and incompatible time (9.8%). To the perception of the necessity of the service, responses were problem as urgent (78.3%) and pain was the main complaint (69.1%). The profile we found was unmarried (41.5%), male (52.2%), white (62.8%), aged 30 to 59 (52.2%), incomplete basic education (41.6%), family income up to 2 minimum wages (47.4%), and no medical/dental plan (88.9%).

Conclusion
It was concluded that the users of central dental emergency come from all sectors of the city, due to difficult access to basic health units; they consider their complaint urgent; and they are satisfied with the service offered.

Clinical significance
To meet the profile of the user urgency's service so that it is not overloaded with demand that can be fulfilled in basic health units.

How to cite this article
Matsumoto MSA, Gatti MAN, de Conti MHS, de AP Simeão SF, de Oliveira Braga Franzolin S, Marta SN. Determinants of Demand in the Public Dental Emergency Service. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):156-161.
The Study of Sociodemographic Profile of Pediatric Tuberculosis Patients in Bareilly District, Uttar Pradesh: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gupta Piyush , Singh Himalaya 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Tuberculosis in children is mainly due to failure of tuberculosis control in adults. In India, over 100,000 children die from tuberculosis every year. The risk of developing disease after infection is determined by various factors, including age at exposure, sex, family, and socioeconomic status. There are no such studies carried out in Bareilly district till date; therefore, with this view, this study is being conducted.

Aims and objectives
To know the sociodemographic profile of pediatric tuberculosis patients in Bareilly district.

Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out on 120 children aged 0 to 14 years registered at various tuberculosis units (TUs) in Bareilly district. The selection of TUs was done by simple random sampling.

Result and conclusion
Out of total 120 cases in the study, majority of them were females (65%), followed by 35% male pediatric tuberculosis cases; 61.7% study participants belonged to 10 to 14 years of age, and 51.7% belonged to lower socioeconomic status.

How to cite this article
Gupta P, Singh A, Joshi HS, Kumar P, Singh H. The Study of Sociodemographic Profile of Pediatric Tuberculosis Patients in Bareilly District, Uttar Pradesh: A Crosssectional Study. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(4):164-166.
Vestibular Implant: Are We Ready for It?
Authors: Srivastava Abhinav 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTThe present article aims to provide an overview of the research and development in the field of vestibular implants for patients suffering from bilateral vestibulopathy. There is a strong justification for surgical intervention in such patients because of a negative impact and disability of disease on the life of the patients. A few animal and human studies have been undertaken, and the available data from both animal and human studies are encouraging. It is evident that there is a technical feasibility for the use of vestibular implants. Although normal vestibular function is not expected, significant, physical improvement is expected in these patients.How to cite this articleMohan C, Srivastava A. Vestibular Implant: Are We Ready for It? Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016; 1(4):183-185.
A Modified Cutler-Beard Technique to manage Extensive Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma of Upper Eyelid
Authors: Goyal Etti , Rizvi Y , Gupta Pranav 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) is a rare tumor affecting the elderly, with a predisposition for females arising from the meibomian glands and occurring more commonly on the upper eyelid. Diagnosis is difficult because the tumor mimics chalazion or blepharitis. Sebaceous gland carcinoma has a mortality rate of about 5 to 10%.

Aim
To present a modified Cutler-Beard technique of lid reconstruction to manage a case of extensive SGC of upper lid.

Materials and methods
A 65-year-old male presented with a rapidly growing extensive mass of right upper eyelid (size 4.2 × 4 × 2.1 cm) causing mechanical ptosis. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis as SGC. Wide excision of the lesion was performed sacrificing the whole upper eyelid. Lid reconstruction was done employing lower eyelid as per the bridged flap technique with the use of 4 mm silicon band to enhance lid stability. Patient achieved a satisfactory functional and cosmetic result following the second stage of the procedure.

Conclusion
Total loss of upper eyelid is often dealt with classical lid sharing technique of reconstruction first described by Cutler-Beard. For lid stability, use of tarsus from contralateral eye, ear cartilage has their attendant problems. A 4.0 silicon band was used to replace the sacrificed tarsus, achieving good results.

How to cite this article
Gupta P, Rizvi Y, Goyal E. A Modified Cutler-Beard Technique to manage Extensive Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma of Upper Eyelid. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(4):188-190.
Managing Intellectual Capital in Organizations
Authors: Jahanian Ramezan , Salehi Raheleh 
Published: February 2017

Today, by considering the growth of knowledge and technology development of the economic world, the organizations are experiencing a new environment in which they are required to develop the skills and internal abilities and strengthen their knowledge and intellectual capitals from which they benefit for better performance in the world of business. .Knowledge and intellectual capital have been recognized as a constant strategy for obtaining and keeping competitive benefits of an organization. Managers should understand that what kind of abilities is necessary for keeping competitive beneficial. Knowledge and intellectual capital are being changed into strategy tools for managing business organizations. In this article, we have tried to study stages of managing intellectual capitals.
Staff Training and Development Interventions and Teaching Performance: Application of Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Sarbeng Isaac Baafi 
Published: February 2017

Staff training and development is an essential programme necessary for improving staff performance. The study sought to assess staff training and development programmes and performance of teaching staff at the various departments of the University of Cape Coast. A cross-sectional survey of 193 Faculty members, selected through a simple sampling technique, was conducted to assess whether the trained faculty of UCC were performing their task up to expectation. The study revealed that although the training programmes are not perceived as fair enough, it has positively affected staff professional knowledge, intellectual planning, class attendance and assessment. The respondents also believe that there has been improvement in their instructional delivery due to the training programmes of UCC. It is therefore recommended for management of the University to provide equal opportunity for staff in terms of training through a quota system. The study further recommends for wide communication of the modalities for selection of faculty for further studies.
Reliability and Precision of Sonography of the Lumbar Multifidus and Transversus Abdominis During Dynamic Activities
Authors: Gibbon Karl C. , Debuse Dorothee , Hibbs Angela , Caplan Nick 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesTo determine the intrarater reliability and precision of lumbar multifidus and transversus abdominis thickness measurements using freehand sonography in a range of static and dynamic conditions.MethodsFifteen asymptomatic participants performed a range of exercises while sonography was used to measure absolute muscle thickness and changes in muscle thickness from rest. Exercise conditions included the abdominal drawing‐in maneuver, active straight leg raise, contralateral arm lift, both unloaded and loaded, treadmill walking, and using the Functional Readaptive Exercise Device. Intraday and interday reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients, and the standard error of measurement was used to assess measurement precision.ResultsGood to excellent reliability was achieved for absolute transversus abdominis and lumbar multifidus thickness in all conditions. Measurement precision for absolute lumbar multifidus thickness was ≤2.8 mm for the unloaded contralateral arm lift, ≤1.8 mm for the loaded contralateral arm lift, ≤3.1 mm for treadmill walking, and ≤3.8 mm for the Functional Readaptive Exercise Device; for absolute transversus abdominis thickness, precision was ≤0.6 mm for the abdominal drawing‐in maneuver, ≤0.5 mm for the active straight leg raise, ≤0.7 mm for treadmill walking, and ≤0.5 mm for the Functional Readaptive Exercise Device. Good to excellent reliability was achieved for relative transversus abdominis and lumbar multifidus thickness in all conditions. Measurement precision for relative lumbar multifidus thickness was ≤3.7% for the unloaded contralateral arm lift, ≤3.8% for the loaded contralateral arm lift, ≤6.3% for treadmill walking, and ≤7.6% for the Functional Readaptive Exercise Device; for relative transversus abdominis thickness, precision was ≤13.6% for the abdominal drawing‐in maneuver, ≤6.9% for the active straight leg raise, ≤11.1% for treadmill walking, and ≤7.2% for the Functional Readaptive Exercise Device.ConclusionsAcceptable reliability and precision of measurement is achieved for absolute and relative measures of deep spinal muscle thickness using freehand sonography in relatively static and dynamic exercises.