bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of pain treatment on sleep in nursing home patients with dementia and depression: A multicenter placebo‐controlled randomized clinical trial
Authors: Blytt Kjersti Marie , Bjorvatn Bjørn , Husebo Bettina , Flo Elisabeth 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of pain treatment on sleep in nursing home (NH) patients with dementia and depression.MethodsA multicenter, 2‐armed, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled, randomized clinical trial conducted between August 2014 and September 2016. One hundred six long‐term patients from 47 NHs in Norway with dementia and depression according to the Mini‐Mental State Examination and the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia were included. Patients received stepwise pain treatment in which those who did not use analgesics were randomized to receive either paracetamol (3 g/day) or placebo tablets; those who already used pain treatment were allocated to buprenorphine transdermal system (max. 10 μg/h/7 days) or placebo transdermal patches. Sleep was assessed continuously for 14 days by actigraphy, 1 week of baseline measurement, and 1 week of ongoing treatment. The following sleep parameters were evaluated: total sleep time, sleep efficiency (SE), sleep onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset, early morning awakening (EMA), and number of wake bouts.ResultsIn the intervention group (paracetamol/buprenorphine), SE (70%‐72%), SOL (32‐24 min), and EMA (50‐40 min) improved compared with the control group (SE, 70%‐67%; SOL, 47‐60 min; EMA, 31‐35 min). Treatment effects were significant (P < .01, P < .05, and P < .05, respectively).ConclusionCompared with placebo, pain treatment improved sleep as measured with actigraphy. This implies that sleep, pain, and depression in NH patients should be critically evaluated and that pain treatment should be considered to be a potentially beneficial treatment.
Effects of subnational regional corruption on growth strategies in emerging economies: Evidence from Russian domestic and international M&A activity
Authors: Bertrand Olivier , Betschinger Marie‐Ann , Laamanen Tomi 
Published: December 2017

Research SummaryThis article contributes to an improved understanding of the effects of subnational regional corruption on the external growth strategies of emerging economy firms. We examine the acquisition activity of firms in their home regions, in other parts of the country, and internationally. We consider four mechanisms through which a corrupt regional home context can affect firms’ acquisition behaviors: (a) corrosive deal deterrence, (b) deal facilitation, (c) corruption escape into less corrupt contexts, and (d) enhanced corruption ability to acquire in similarly corrupt environments. Based on an analysis of the acquisition activity of 2,981 Russian firms established in 40 regions in Russia from 2001 to 2008, we find evidence for the existence of both deal facilitating and escaping effects of home region corruption.Managerial SummaryCorruption indicators regularly reveal that emerging countries are more corrupt than developed countries. While prior academic research has associated corruption with predominantly negative effects on business activity, an increasing number of globally successful companies have emerged from such corrupt environments. We advocate a more nuanced view of the effects of corruption on the growth strategies of emerging economy firms. We show that home region corruption can have multiple effects on a firm's geographic expansion. Specifically, we find that corruption in the home region helps regional firms expand their business through acquisitions when it is pervasive and nonarbitrary. At the same time, however, when expanding geographically, firms, on average, seem to prefer to diversify their assets in other regions or countries that are less corrupt.
TOWARDS MODEL‐BASED SYSTEMS ENGINEERING (MBSE) PATTERNS TO EFFICIENTLY REUSE KNOW‐HOW
Authors: Wu Quentin , Gouyon David , Hubert Pascal , Levrat Éric 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTKnow‐how reuse is an approach that has been always used by engineers to take advantage of their accumulated knowledge and practices. But, the difficulty to formalize and reuse expert know‐how is increasing alongside the complexity of systems. To deal with this challenge, this paper aims to open the way to new approaches of know‐how reuse, in order to improve engineering activities. For that purpose, it explores the capabilities of three reuse approaches (commercial off‐the‐shelf (COTS), set‐based design, and patterns), and their ability to be linked with a model‐based systems engineering (MBSE) framework.
Evaluation of the interaction between proliferation, oxidant–antioxidant status, Wnt pathway, and apoptosis in zebrafish embryos exposed to silver nanoparticles used in textile industry
Authors: Eryılmaz Oğuz , Ateş Perihan Seda , Ünal İsmail , Üstündağ Ünsal Veli , Bay Sadık , Alturfan Ahmet Ata , Yiğitbaşı Türkan , Emekli‐Alturfan Ebru , Akalın Mehmet 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAntimicrobial textile products are developing rapidly as an important part of functional textiles. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nanotechnology products with antimicrobial properties. However, exposure to nanoparticles in daily life is an important issue for public health, still being updated. Aim was to evaluate the effects of AgNPs on the development of zebrafish embryos focusing on Wnt pathway, proliferation, oxidant–antioxidant status, and apoptosis. The expressions of ccnd1 and gsk3β were determined by RT‐PCR, whereas β‐catenin and proliferative cell antigen (PCNA) expressions were determined immunohistochemically. Lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione‐S‐transferase activities were determined spectrophotometrically. Apoptosis was determined using acridine orange staining. Oxidant status, apoptosis, immunohistochemical PCNA, and β catenin staining increased, whereas ccnd1 and antioxidant enzyme activities decreased in AgNPs‐exposed embryos in a dose‐dependent manner. Our results indicate the interaction of possible mechanisms that may be responsible for the toxic effects of AgNPs in zebrafish embryos.
Synthesis and investigation of the conversion reactions of pyrimidine‐thiones with nucleophilic reagent and evaluation of their acetylcholinesterase, carbonic anhydrase inhibition, and antioxidant activities
Authors: Taslimi Parham , Sujayev Afsun , Turkan Fikret , Garibov Emin , Huyut Zübeyir , Farzaliyev Vagif , Mamedova Sevgi , Gulçin İlhami 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe conversion reactions of pyrimidine‐thiones with nucleophilic reagent were studied during this scientific research. For this purpose, new compounds were synthesized by the interaction between 1,2‐epoxy propane, 1,2‐epoxy butane, and 4‐chlor‐1‐butanol and pyrimidine‐thiones. These pyrimidine‐thiones derivatives (A–K) showed good inhibitory action against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) isoforms I and II. AChE inhibition was in the range of 93.1 ± 33.7–467.5 ± 126.9 nM. The hCA I and II were effectively inhibited by these compounds, with Ki values in the range of 4.3 ± 1.1–9.1 ± 2.7 nM for hCA I and 4.2 ± 1.1–14.1 ± 4.4 nM for hCA II. On the other hand, acetazolamide clinically used as CA inhibitor showed Ki value of 13.9 ± 5.1 nM against hCA I and 18.1 ± 8.5 nM against hCA II. The antioxidant activity of the pyrimidine‐thiones derivatives (A–K) was investigated by using different in vitro antioxidant assays, including Cu2+ and Fe3+ reducing, 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical scavenging, and Fe2+ chelating activities.
Consistency of the Moreau CLL score
Authors: Sorigue Marc , Sarrate Edurne , Franch‐Sarto Mireia , Feliu Evarist , Junca Jordi 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundThe Moreau score is essential for the diagnosis of B‐cell lymphoproliferative disorders (B‐LPD).MethodsWe assessed the consistency of the Moreau score in a series of 138 patients with at least two samples involved by a B‐LPD (316 samples) other than germinal center‐derived malignancies, hairy cell leukemia, and mantle cell lymphomas. Patients with evidence of two distinct B‐LPDs were also excluded.ResultsWe found 53 inconsistencies in 44 of 138 (32%) patients. FMC7 was the most inconsistent (18 cases) and CD5 the least (5 cases). CD200 was inconsistent in 6 of 67 (9%) cases. The most important predictive factor for the finding of antigenic inconsistencies was sampling of a different anatomic site. Other factors, including number of samples, time between samples, or cytogenetic group, were not predictive. For the most part, these inconsistencies did not appear to be clinically relevant.ConclusionInconsistencies in the Moreau score are common, supporting the importance of integrated laboratory diagnosis. However, the practical implications of these antigenic inconsistencies are probably limited.
Continuous enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass in a membrane‐reactor system
Authors: Stickel Jonathan J , Adhikari Birendra , Sievers David A , Pellegrino John 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDConverting abundant lignocellulosic biomass to sugars as fungible precursors to fuels and chemicals has the potential to diversify the supply chain for those products, but further process improvements are needed to achieve economic viability. In the current work, process intensification of the key enzymatic hydrolysis unit operation is demonstrated by means of a membrane reactor system that was operated continuously.RESULTSLignocellulosic biomass (pretreated corn stover) and buffered enzyme solution were fed to a continuously stirred‐tank reactor, and clarified sugar solution was withdrawn via a commercial tubular ultrafiltration membrane. The membrane permeance decline and membrane cleaning efficacy were studied and did not vary significantly when increasing fraction insoluble solids (FIS) from 2.5% to 5%. Continuous enzymatic hydrolysis was successfully operated for more than 80 h. A model for the reactor system was able to predict dynamic behavior that was in reasonable agreement with experimental results.CONCLUSIONThe modeled technical performance of anticipated commercial batch and continuous enzymatic hydrolysis processes were compared and showed that continuous operation would provide at least twice the volumetric productivity for the conditions studied. Further improvements are anticipated by better membrane selection and by increasing FIS. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Oxygen barrier and catalytic effect of the cathodic biofilm in single chamber microbial fuel cells
Authors: Montpart Nuria , Rago Laura , Baeza Juan Antonio , Guisasola Albert 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDImplementation of microbial fuel cells (MFC) requires high coulombic efficiency (CE) for its operation to be more efficient. However, cathodic environments in air cathode MFCs provide both carbon source and oxygen and, therefore, a naturally growing heterotrophic biofilm is developed. A priori this biofilm would decrease the power generated in the system since it acts as an electron sink.RESULTSThe effect of the biofilm presence was studied and cyclic voltammetries demonstrated a 46% increase of peak current intensity when the biofilm was present. Cathodic biofilm growth represented an increase in working cathode potential from –280 mV to –225 mV when the biofilm was grown, denoting its catalytic effect. Coulombic efficiency also improved when the biofilm was present. 16S rRNA gene based pyrosequencing showed a mixed community composed mainly of aerobic (e.g. Fluviicola, Azoarcus and Flavobacterium genera) and anaerobic bacteria (e.g. Desulfovibrio and Proteinphilum genera) colonizing the biocathode. This result suggests a multilayer distribution of microbial community according to the oxygen concentration in the biofilm.CONCLUSIONSThe biofilm presence is not detrimental but positive since it can perform a double task, both preventing oxygen diffusion into the anode surroundings and decreasing the cathode overpotential, allowing higher CE and power generation. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Clinical pitfalls in misoprostol‐based medical management of first‐trimester induced and presumed spontaneous abortion
Authors: Wax Joseph R. , Conroy Kelley , Pinette Michael G. , Litton Christian , Cartin Angelina 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWhen administered inappropriately, first‐trimester misoprostol management of induced or spontaneous abortion can result in loss or damage of a continuing pregnancy. Despite these serious consequences, such misoprostol exposures continue to occur. Unfortunately, contributing factors and preventive measures receive little attention. We describe the cases of 4 women in whom misoprostol was inappropriately administered during management of induced and presumed spontaneous abortion. In each case, careful adherence to published clinical guidance could have avoided the exposures.
Recent progress in immune‐based interventions to prevent HIV‐1 transmission to children
Authors: Voronin Yegor , Jani Ilesh , Graham Barney S , Cunningham Coleen K , Mofenson Lynne M , Musoke Philippa M , Permar Sallie R , Scarlatti Gabriella 
Published: December 2017

AbstractGlobally, 150,000 new paediatric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) infections occurred in 2015. There remain complex challenges to the global elimination of paediatric HIV‐1 infection. Thus, for the global community to achieve elimination of new paediatric HIV‐1 infections, innovative approaches need to be explored. Immune‐based approaches to prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission (MTCT) may help fill some of the remaining gaps and provide new opportunities to achieve an AIDS‐free generation. Immune‐based interventions to prevent MTCT of HIV‐1 may include paediatric HIV vaccines and passive immunization approaches. Recent discoveries providing evidence of robust immune responses to HIV in infants open new and exciting prospects for paediatric HIV vaccines. Moreover, successful vaccination of infants has a different set of requirements than vaccination of adults and may be easier to achieve. Proof‐of‐concept has been established over the last two decades that passively administered HIV‐1 Env‐specific monoclonal antibody (mAbs) can prevent chimeric simian human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) transmission to newborn nonhuman primates. There has been tremendous progress in isolating and characterizing broadly neutralizing antibodies to HIV, and clinical testing of these antibodies for treatment and prevention in both infants and adults is a major effort in the field. Immune‐based interventions need to be actively explored as they can provide critically important tools to address persistent challenges in MTCT prevention. It is a pivotal time for the field with active discussions on the best strategy to further reduce HIV infection of infants and accomplish the World Health Organization Fast‐Track 2030 goals to eliminate new paediatric HIV infections.
Creativity and Wonder
Authors: Glăveanu Vlad Petre 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe experience of wonder is often said to be at the origin of acts of creativity, both historical and mundane, from big breakthroughs in science to the everyday discoveries of children at play. And yet, wonder and wondering have rarely been theorized until now, at least in the psychology of creativity. Understood as one of the main ways in which we engage with the possible, wonder presents us, upon closer inspection, with a paradox typical for creativity—experiencing what is present (the here and now) through the lenses of what is absent (the not‐yet‐here). Wondering is grounded in the possibility of adopting multiple perspectives on a certain reality; many of which are yet unknown to the creator while anticipated and actively looked for. In this paper, the creative process fuelled by the experience of wonder is described as a cyclical interplay between awareness, excitement, and exploration of the possible. Thus, one of the main consequences of reflecting on wonder and wondering is not only a renewed focus on process in creativity research but, most of all, a new emphasis on the less “visible” and yet essential aspects of creative action as it bridges the actual and the possible.
Storage stability of egg sticks fortified with omega‐3 fatty acids
Authors: Smith Elizabeth , Beamer Sarah K , Matak Kristen E , Jaczynski Jacek 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDEgg sticks fortified with omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω‐3 PUFAs) were developed by replacing egg yolk with salmon, algae, and flax oils. Egg sticks were cooked before analysis. Quality indicators for storage stability under different packaging and temperature were determined throughout a 28‐day storage. Egg sticks were vacuum and non‐vacuum packed. Further, both packaging treatments were divided into two storage temperatures of 4 and 10 °C. Quality indicators were determined every 7 days, including pH, syneresis, texture, color, microbial growth, proximate composition, fatty acid profile, and lipid oxidation.RESULTSVacuum‐packed egg sticks stored at 4 °C had slower degradation over time than all other treatments; however, they also had higher syneresis, harder texture, and higher anaerobic growth. Although vacuum packaging slowed lipid oxidation, it had limited effect on prevention of ω‐3 PUFAs degradation; whereas refrigeration (4 °C) seemed to prevent degradation of ω‐3 PUFAs better than it could slow lipid oxidation.CONCLUSIONBased on the results, it can be concluded that both vacuum packaging and refrigeration at 4 °C decrease degradation of egg sticks developed in the present study during storage. Under these conditions, egg sticks may maintain stability for at least 21 days of storage. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Evaluation of fluorescence‐guided surgery agents in a murine model of soft tissue fibrosarcoma
Authors: Prince Andrew C. , McGee Andrew S. , Siegel Herrick , Rosenthal Eben L. , Behnke Nicole K. , Warram Jason M. 
Published: December 2017

Background and ObjectivesSoft tissue sarcomas (STS) are mesenchymal malignancies. Treatment mainstay is surgical resection with negative margins ± adjuvant treatment. Fluorescence‐guided surgical (FGS) resection can delineate intraoperative margins; FGS has improved oncologic outcomes in other malignancies. This novel strategy may minimize resection‐associated morbidity while improving local tumor control.MethodsWe evaluate the tumor‐targeting specificity and utility of fluorescence‐imaging agents to provide disease‐specific contrast. Mice with HT1080 fibrosarcoma tumors received one of five probes: cetuximab‐IRDye800CW (anti‐EGFR), DC101‐IRDye800CW (anti‐VEGFR‐2), IgG‐IRDye800CW, the cathepsin‐activated probe Prosense750EX, or the small molecule probe IntegriSense750. Tumors were imaged daily using open‐ and closed‐field fluorescence imaging systems. Tumor‐to‐background ratios (TBR) were evaluated. On peak TBR days, probe sensitivity was evaluated. Tumors were stained and imaged microscopically.ResultsAt peak, closed‐field imaging TBR of cetuximab‐IRDye800CW (16.8) was significantly greater (P < 0.0001) than Integrisense750 (7.0), Prosense750EX (5.8), and DC101‐IRDye800CW (3.7). All agents successfully localized as little as 1.0 mg of tumor tissue in the post‐resection bed; cetuximab‐IRDye800CW generated the greatest contrast (2.5). Cetuximab‐IRDye800CW revealed strong tumor affinity microscopically; tumor fluorescence intensity was significantly greater (P < 0.0004) than 0.2 mm away from tumor border.ConclusionThis study demonstrates cetuximab‐IRDye800CW superiority. FGS has the potential to improve post‐resection morbidity and mortality by improving disease detection.
The localic compact interval is an Escardó‐Simpson interval object
Authors: Vickers Steven 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe locale corresponding to the real interval [ − 1, 1] is an interval object, in the sense of Escardó and Simpson, in the category of locales. The map , mapping a stream s of signs ±1 to , is a proper localic surjection; it is also expressed as a coequalizer. The proofs are valid in any elementary topos with natural numbers object.
Comparison of reverse hybridization and ompA sequencing methods applied on Chlamydia trachomatis strains from Tunisia
Authors: Gharsallah Houda , Frikha‐Gargouri Olfa , Bom Reinier J. , Hammami Adnene , Bruisten Sylvia M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTwo techniques based on ompA amplification of Chlamydia trachomatis were compared, being reverse hybridization (RHM) and ompA sequencing (OSA), to investigate the concordance between them and to study the epidemiological relevance of each method. In addition, phylogenetic analysis was performed on the ompA sequences. One hundred and seven C. trachomatis positive samples from Tunisian patients and female sex workers were analyzed using both the RHM and ompA sequencing. The overall genovar distribution obtained with both techniques was very similar. The RHM identified nine genovars, being B, D, E, F, G, H, I, J and K, where B, I, J, and K were only found in mixed infections versus 7 types for the OSA being D, E, F, G, H, I, and K. The agreement between both typing techniques was 87.8%. Both methods showed that genovar E was the most predominant type. In 24.3% of the analyzed samples, mixed infections were detected. In 96.1% of these, the genovar identified by OSA was also detected using the RHM. OmpA sequencing allowed determination of six genovar types that could not be typed using RHM. The analyses of ompA nucleotide variation in the 107 clinical specimens detected ompA genovar variants with distinct ompA mutational patterns for types D2, G1, G2, and H1. In conclusion, RHM and OSA showed a high agreement in C. trachomatis genotyping results with each having their specific benefits.
Self‐gated golden angle spiral cine MRI for coronary endothelial function assessment
Authors: Bonanno Gabriele , Hays Allison G. , Weiss Robert G. , Schär Michael 
Published: December 2017

PurposeDepressed coronary endothelial function (CEF) is a marker for atherosclerotic disease, an independent predictor of cardiovascular events, and can be quantified non‐invasively with ECG‐triggered spiral cine MRI combined with isometric handgrip exercise (IHE). However, MRI‐CEF measures can be hindered by faulty ECG‐triggering, leading to prolonged breath‐holds and degraded image quality. Here, a self‐gated golden angle spiral method (SG‐GA) is proposed to eliminate the need for ECG during cine MRI.MethodsSG‐GA was tested against retrospectively ECG‐gated golden angle spiral MRI (ECG‐GA) and gold‐standard ECG‐triggered spiral cine MRI (ECG‐STD) in 10 healthy volunteers. CEF data were obtained from cross‐sectional images of the proximal right and left coronary arteries in a 3T scanner. Self‐gating heart rates were compared to those from simultaneous ECG‐gating. Coronary vessel sharpness and cross‐sectional area (CSA) change with IHE were compared among the 3 methods.ResultsSelf‐gating precision, accuracy, and correlation‐coefficient were 7.7 ± 0.5 ms, 9.1 ± 0.7 ms, and 0.93 ± 0.01, respectively (mean ± standard error). Vessel sharpness by SG‐GA was equal or higher than ECG‐STD (rest: 63.0 ± 1.7% vs. 61.3 ± 1.3%; exercise: 62.6 ± 1.3% vs. 56.7 ± 1.6%, P < 0.05). CSA changes were in agreement among the 3 methods (ECG‐STD = 8.7 ± 4.0%, ECG‐GA = 9.6 ± 3.1%, SG‐GA = 9.1 ± 3.5%, P = not significant).ConclusionCEF measures can be obtained with the proposed self‐gated high‐quality cine MRI method even when ECG is faulty or not available. Magn Reson Med 80:560–570, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.