bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From wild to captive: Understanding the main nutritional diseases of sharks in public aquariums
Authors: Morel Margot , Gál János , Sós-Koroknai Viktória , Sós Endre , Csehó Lilian , Bali Krisztina , Hoitsy Márton 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe establishment of a well-adapted and accurate feeding regimen is a fundamental determining factor in the maintenance of shark species in captivity. Replicating the natural diet in captivity is commonly accepted and recommended. Given the diverse nutritional composition of prey, supplementation may become necessary. The captive environment poses unique challenges, making sharks susceptible to an array of health issues, including numerous diseases. Mitigating these risks demands detailed husbandry practices, an appropriate physical environment and a balanced diet. Supplementation, encompassing vitamins and minerals, becomes imperative for the provision of essential nutrients. This complexity has rendered the formulation of an adapted feeding plan for aquarists exceptionally challenging. The scarcity of information in these species adds to the issue, mandating extrapolation from various shark groups and to species with analogous characteristics. This literature review concentrates predominantly on benthic and pelagic shark species prevalent in contemporary aquariums. The central argument posits that dietary choices in captivity rely on factors such as availability, quality and consistency of supply. The advocated approach highlights the importance of a balanced, diverse feeding that closely mirrors natural diets. It is then crucial to emphasize that these are general guidelines, and the specific dietary requisites may diverge between shark species. Collaborating with experts in marine biology, shark husbandry and veterinary care is imperative for the formulation and perpetuation of an adapted diet for captive sharks.
Renal denervation in secondary arterial hypertension therapy: clinical case
Authors: Orekhov A. Yu. , Karazhanova L. K. , Chinibaeva A. A. , Zhaksebergenova A. B. 
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Renovascular hypertension is one of the most severe types of hypertension in terms of the choice of treatment strategy. Recent studies have not provided a clear answer to the question of which treatment approach (conservative or surgical) is most appropriate for these patients.Brief description. The presented case describes a female patient with a longterm uncontrolled hypertension, whose examination revealed bilateral renal artery stenosis. Considering the debatable clinical effectiveness of revascularization of renal artery stenosis, the patient underwent distal renal artery denervation using multielectrode catheters. A decrease in blood pressure was shown. Follow-up of the patient demonstrated stable antihypertensive effect of the procedure, as well as its safety in case of impaired renal function.Discussion. This clinical demonstrates the third way in the treatment of patients with renal arteries stenosis and resistant hypertension — renal sympathetic denervation. This method requires a separate controlled study with individuals with renal dysfunction, including renovascular origin.
Economic burden of pulmonary hypertension. Systematic review
Authors: Zakiev V. D. , Martynyuk T. V. , Kotovskaya Yu. V. 
Published: October 2024

Aim. A systematic review of studies on pulmonary hypertension (PH) cost estimates.Material and methods. A systematic literature search was performed for studies assessing the cost of PH published up to November 30, 2023. The search was carried out in the PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBACE databases for publications in English and in the RSCI database for articles in Russian according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results. The systematic review included 13 studies. The mean direct costs per patient with PH after verification of the diagnosis per month ranged from 2023 to 9915 USD, while the median from 1141,5 to 8144 USD. Indirect costs were assessed in only 3 following studies: in Spain and USA, the mean indirect costs were 214 and 1226 USD per patient per month, respectively, while in Russia the median was 65 USD. The mean direct costs per patient with PH per month before diagnosis verification ranged from 1017 to 9723 USD. Indirect costs before diagnosis verification were assessed in only 1 study (median $102 per patient per month). After PH verification, in general, there was an increase in treatment costs with a decrease in other direct costs.Conclusion. PH causes great socio-economic damage to society and healthcare system. A decrease in non-drug therapy costs after PH verification may indicate not only the clinical effectiveness of PH-specific therapy, but also its potential costeffectiveness with reduced costs.
Role of imaging techniques in the assessment of vulnerable plaques and the effectiveness of lipid-lowering therapy
Authors: Bikbaeva G. R. , Kovalskaya A. N. , Kuznetsova K. V. , Pavlova T. V. , Duplyakov D. V. 
Published: October 2024

The aim was to evaluate the potential of various imaging methods in the diagnosis of vulnerable coronary plaques and their stabilization using various lipid-lowering therapy regimens.The sources were searched in the PubMed database using the following keywords: "vulnerable (unstable) plaque" AND "PCSK9 inhibitors" AND "intravascular ultrasound" OR "optical coherence tomography" OR "computed tomography angiography". As a result, 8 original clinical trials were selected that corresponded to the review purpose. We assessed the results of following studies on plaque imaging and their regression with various lipid-lowering therapy regimens: GLAGVO, ODYSSEY J, PACMAN-AMI, HUYGENS, ALTAIR, ARCHITECT, etc. The results of most studies have established the advantages of a combined regimen of lipid-lowering therapy (statin+PCSK9 inhibitor) in reducing the rate of cardiovascular events in com­parison with statin monotherapy. The reduction in plaque volume ranged from 0,95% to 2,13% in patients receiving a combination of lipid-lowering drugs, while in monotherapy, it increased from 0,05% to 0,92% (GLAGOV, PACMAN-AMI). The changes of minimum fibrous cap thickness varied from 18,0-62,67 µm with combined therapy and 13,2-33,19 µm with monotherapy (PACMAN-AMI, Gao F). Lipid arc regression was 57,5о in combination therapy (statin+PCSK9 inhibitor) and 31,4о in statin monotherapy (HUYGENS). Imaging diagnostic methods makes it possible to identify vulnerable plaques, which helps in consideration of combination lipid-lowering therapy. In addition, plaque visualization makes it possible to evaluate the treatment effectiveness.
‘If parody does not prickle it does not work’: Reflections on the Interpretive Challenges of Dark Parody in the Dutch and South African Courts
Authors: Luypaers Melissa 
Published: October 2024

Focusing on the nexus of humour and the right to free speech, this article introduces the concept of ‘dark parody’ to address parodies that reuse existing material with a dark, humorous twist and explores how courts deal with two of the main interpretive challenges presented by a ‘dark parody’: (1) interpreting the distance between the parody and the copyright/trademark protected work it parodies, and (2) its use of dark humour. Using a metahermeneutic approach, the article analyses how the main features of parody, the legal criteria applied to parody in courts of law, and the role of dark humour influence the judicial interpretation process regarding (dark) parody in the context of copyright and trademark law. Based on this analysis, the article proposes the theoretical framework of ‘parodic distance’ to address the interpretive challenges systematically presented by dark parody via six main categories—content, style, context, message, function and affect—from which the distance between a parody and the original can be interpreted. Applying this framework to two case studies [Mercis c.s. v. Punt.nl, Court of Appeal of Amsterdam; Laugh It Off Promotions v. South African Breweries, Constitutional Court of South Africa], the article provides a comparative analysis of how these courts currently deal with interpretive issues surrounding dark humour in copyright and trademark law and shows how the framework of parodic distance can be a potentially useful conceptual tool that provides a shared vocabulary to complement judicial interpretation and legal discourse at the nexus of dark parody and the law.
Effects of Dip Angle on Rupture Propagation Along Branch Fault Systems
Authors: Marschall Evan , Douilly Roby 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
An important consideration in assessing seismic hazards is determining what is likely to happen when an earthquake rupture encounters a geometric complexity such as a branch fault. Previous studies showed parameters such as branch angle, stress orientation, and stress heterogeneity as key factors in the self-determined rupture path on branch faults. However, most of these studies were conducted in 2D or 3D with perfectly vertical faults. Therefore, in this study, we investigate the effects of dipping angle on rupture propagation along a branch fault system. We construct 3D finite-element meshes where we vary the dip angles (nine geometries in total) of the main and secondary faults, the stressing angle (Ψ=20°, 40°, and 65°), and the hypocenter location with nucleation on both the main and secondary segments. We find that for Ψ=40°, a rupture on the main fault is most likely to propagate across the branch intersection when the secondary fault is dipping. In addition, for Ψ=65°, a rupture on the secondary fault is most likely to propagate to the main fault when the secondary fault is shallowly dipping. This is caused by a fast rupture speed on the secondary fault and the dynamic stress effect that develops with the interaction of the free surface and the dipping secondary fault. These results indicate that dip angle is an important parameter in the determination of rupture path on branch fault systems, with potentially significant impact for seismic hazard, and should be considered in future dynamic rupture modeling studies.
Audit on antenatal care of obese pregnant patients as per protocol
Authors: Khan Farheen , Bagtharia Seema 
Published: October 2024

Obesity in pregnancy is associated with increased risks for both the mother and the fetus, including complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), hypertensive disorders, and venous thromboembolism (VTE). The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) has issued the Green-top Guideline No. 72: 2018 on "Care of Women with Obesity in Pregnancy" to provide evidence-based recommendations. Audit was undertaken at the Basildon and Thurrock University Hospital, between July to August 2024 to evaluate the antenatal care of obese pregnant patients as per the guideline. Retrospective data collected of 40 patients from Medway and antenatal notes of the patients. Study revealed that, for 100% patients VTE score was assessed and they were prescribed anticoagulant, if needed. Need for aspirin was assessed in 100% patients, and patients were prescribed aspirin as per the score.100% patients were screened for GDM between 24-28 weeks, howsoever, only 50% patients were reweighed in third trimester. Audit revealed strengths in majority of areas, such as VTE assessment, GDM screening at 24-28 weeks, prescribing inhixa and assessing need for aspirin. However, gaps were noted in the reweighing process in the third trimester.
Krytyka metodologiczna w praktyce tworzenia wiedzy
Authors: Nowak Marian , Kubinowski Dariusz , Malewski Mieczysław , Urbaniak-Zając Danuta , Banaszak Sławomir , Granosik Mariusz , Hejnicka-Bezwińska Teresa , Rybak Adam 
Published: October 2024

Publikacja powstała w związku z VII Seminarium Metodologii Pedagogiki Polskiego Towarzystwa Pedagogicznego, które odbyło się w czerwcu 2018 roku na Wydziale Nauk o Wychowaniu Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego. Jego tematem przewodnim uczyniliśmy krytykę metodologiczną, spostrzegając, że leży ona u podstaw praktyk społecznych zachodzących w środowisku nauki, a także reagując na powszechnie dostrzegany problem, jakim jest słabość czy wręcz zanik krytyki metodologicznej w praktyce życia naukowego. Pytanie – czym jest współcześnie pojmowana krytyka metodologiczna – stanowiło najogólniejsze zagadnienie, na którym zamierzaliśmy oprzeć szczegółowe rozważania i całość dyskusji. Zdawaliśmy sobie sprawę ze złożoności sformułowanego tematu, licząc się z tym, jak kontrowersyjny jest obecnie ogólny wizerunek nauk społecznych – wyobrażenie ich funkcji, społecznego zaangażowania – oraz jak problematyczny staje się status podstawowych kategorii określających właściwości krytycznego myślenia metodologicznego (m.in. rozumienie samej metodologii, praktyki nauki czy jej metody). W przypadku dyscyplin wiedzy traktujących o wychowaniu – kształtowaniu ludzkiej praktyki – przeczuwane i dostrzegane wątpliwości miały i nadal mają szczególnie istotne znaczenie.
Redaktorzy
Numerical Analysis of the Influence of Preadsorbed Water on Methane Transport in Crushed Shale
Authors: Ban Wentao , Yu Qingchun 
Published: October 2024

Summary
Methane migration in shale is affected by preadsorbed water. To understand this effect, we examined several key parameters, including the effective pore diameter Le, the pore volume distribution of Le, the effective porosity ϕe, the equivalent particle diameter da, and the water film thickness h. Using these parameters, we established an equivalent relationship linking the particle packing da and the Le and the ϕe of the capillary pores within a unit-length cuboid of particles. Based on this relationship, a conceptual model was developed to simulate methane adsorption and transport in partially saturated crushed shale, incorporating parameter estimation for the tangential momentum adjustment factor δ and methane desorption rate coefficient kd, where δ characterizes the slip flow intensity and kd is related to the Langmuir adsorption constant. The finite element method was used to calculate the methane permeability ke, Knudsen diffusion coefficient Dke, surface diffusion coefficient Ds, and adsorption phase transition rate Rm, which are all affected by adsorbed water. The model’s numerical results were validated through comparison with the results from adsorption experiments. These results revealed three distinct regions in the trend of the variation in δ with Le: a rapid increase in Region I (Le &lt; 10 nm), a slowing increase in Region II (10 ≤ Le ≤ 100 nm), and a gradual increase in Region III (Le &gt; 100 nm). In addition, kd is positively correlated with da. kd is also correlated with water saturation S; specifically, kd decreases when S ≤ 12%, increases when S = 12% to 45.8%, and decreases again when S exceeds 45.8%. The results also reveal overall negative correlations between h and ke, Dke, Ds and Rm. Furthermore, the rates of change in ke, Dke, Ds and Rm with increasing ε (ε is the bending coefficient associated with adsorbed water) range from 7.5% to 49.4%. Similarly, ke, Dke, and Ds increase by factors of 0.73–7.19 with increasing χ (χ is the coverage rate of the adsorbed water film). Additionally, as the adsorption time t increases, Ds initially increases rapidly, followed by a gradual increase. Between t = 500 seconds and 1,500 seconds, the rate of change in Ds decreases by 20%. Rm shows a three-stage relationship with t, namely, a rapid decrease from t = 0 seconds to 500 seconds, a steady decrease from 500 seconds to 1,000 seconds, and a stabilization from 1,000 seconds to 1,500 seconds, with Rm ranging from 1.10×10-11 mol/(m3·s) to 9.45×10-11 mol/(m3·s) overall. Ds increases with the adsorption amount ratio Ed (Ed is the ratio of the adsorption amount at t to the equilibrium adsorption amount). As Ed ranges from 0.2 to 0.6, the rate of change in Ds increases by 87% to 100%. Furthermore, Rm is negatively linearly correlated with Ed.
Dust mites and mugwort allergens disrupt the nasal mucosal epithelial barrier by inhibiting mitochondrial biogenesis
Authors: Liu Yiting , Meng Cuida , Sha Jichao , Wang Fang , Zhu dongdong , Sun Qingjia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a type I hypersensitivity reaction mediated by IgE in the nasal mucosa of susceptible individuals. The nasal mucosa's physical, chemical, and immune barriers are crucial in preventing allergens from triggering allergic reactions. Mitochondria are essential for energy production and maintaining Ca2+ homeostasis, playing a vital role in energy metabolism.
(2) Methods: Inferior turbinate tissue was collected from normal individuals and AR patients to identify the expression of proteins related to the epithelial barrier and mitochondrial biogenesis. Experimental mice were exposed to dust mite and mugwort pollen allergens, and nasal mucosal epithelial cells were stimulated with these allergens to assess barrier damage and mitochondrial biogenesis. The mitochondrial biogenic agonist SRT1720 was then administered to these cells and AR mice to evaluate improvements;
(3) Results: AR patients allergic to dust mites and mugwort pollen showed significantly lower expression of epithelial barrier and mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins compared to normal individuals. Mice sensitized with these allergens exhibited similar reductions, significant nasal mucosal barrier disruption, and inhibited mitochondrial biogenesis. Treatment with SRT1720 increased protein expression, improved allergic inflammation, and restored epithelial barrier integrity;
(4) Conclusions: Dust mites and Artemisia argyi disrupt the nasal mucosal epithelial barrier by inhibiting mitochondrial biogenesis
A Survey to Determine the Zone of Equipoise for the Proximal FEmur Resection or Internal Fixation fOR Metastases (PERFORM) Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fogel Jessa , Ng Vincent , Schubert Thomas , Forsberg Jonathan , Randall R. Lor , Becker Ricardo , Morris Carol , Ghert Michelle 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective:
The objective of this study was to establish a zone of clinical equipoise for the Proximal FEmur Resection or Internal Fixation fOR Metastases (PERFORM) randomized controlled trial, which will compare resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction to internal fixation for skeletal metastases of the proximal femur.
Methods:
A survey was developed, piloted, and distributed to self-declared interested stakeholders in the PERFORM trial. The survey targeted orthopaedic oncologists and was designed to assess patient and bone lesion characteristics that drive surgical decision making in the treatment of skeletal metastases in the proximal femur. An Ethics Waiver was obtained at the lead academic institution and data was collected in the REDCap survey database.
Results:
Responses were complete from 76 surgeons across North America, South America, Europe, Asia and Africa. Responses indicate that a study population for which either resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction or internal fixation are acceptable options include: (1) life expectancy at least 6 months, (2) bone loss of no more than 75% and no less than 25%, and (3) minimal to moderate risk for peri-operative complications. Ninety-three percent of respondents indicated that they would be interested in participating in the PERFORM trial.
Conclusion:
A preliminary zone of equipoise for the PERFORM trial includes patients with 25–75% bone loss, low to moderate risk of operative complications, and life expectancy of at least 6 months. Further stakeholder discussions will finalize the PERFORM trial protocol prior to study initiation.
Deep learning-based prediction of HER2 status and trastuzumab treatment efficacy of gastric adenocarcinoma based on morphological features
Authors: Wu Zhida , Wang Tao , Lan Junlin , Wang Jianchao , Tong Tong , Chen Gang , Zhang Hejun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
First-line treatment for advanced gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy. In clinical practice, HER2 positivity is identified through immunohistochemistry (IHC) or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), whereas deep learning (DL) can predict HER2 status based on tumor histopathological features. However, it remains uncertain whether these deep-learning-derived features can predict the efficacy of anti-HER2 therapy.
Methods
We analyzed a cohort of 300 consecutive surgical specimen patients undergoing HER2 testing and 41 biopsy specimens receiving trastuzumab-based therapy for HER2-positive GAC.
Results
We developed a convolutional neural network (CNN) model that achieved an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.847 in predicting HER2 amplification. Additionally, our method achieved an AUC of 0.903 in predicting HER2 status specifically in patients with HER2 2 + expression. Furthermore, our classifier was trained on 41 HER2-positive gastric biopsy specimens that had undergone trastuzumab treatment; our model demonstrated an AUC of 0.833 for the (CR + PR) / (SD + PD) subgroup.
Conclusion
This work explores an algorithm that utilize hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining to accurately predict HER2 status and assess the response to trastuzumab in GAC, potentially facilitating clinical decision-making.
RETRACTED: Polymorphisms rs2073618 and rs3102735 in TNFRSF11B with the Susceptibility to Gastric Cancer
Authors: Tang Xuan , Dai Zhe , Gong Dandan , Pan Huiwen , Man Changfeng , Zhang Shiqi , Gao Zhenjun , Wang Xiaoyan , Fan Yu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The expression and clinical significance of tumor stem cell markers CD34 and CD40 in osteosarcoma tissue
Authors: Pei Fang , Wang Yuan , Yao Shengcheng , Shen Yeshuai , Zhao Rui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of tumor stem cell markers CD34 and CD40 in osteosarcoma tissue.
Methods: A total of 106 osteosarcoma patients who underwent surgical treatment were selected as the study subjects. The expression of CD34 and CD40 in tumor and adjacent tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Clinical and pathological data were collected, and the impact of CD34 and CD40 expression on clinical and pathological parameters and prognosis of osteosarcoma patients was statistically analyzed.
Results: (1) RT-qPCR and Western blot assay showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of CD34 and CD40 in osteosarcoma tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent tissues. (2) CD34 and CD40 were mainly located on the cell membrane of tumor cells. The positive rates of CD34 in adjacent and tumor tissues were 17.9% (19/106) and 60.4% (64/106), respectively, and the positive rates of CD40 in adjacent and tumor tissues were 23.6% (25/106) and 64.1% (68/106), respectively. The positive rates of CD34 (χ2=40.095, P＜0.001) and CD40 (χ2=35.420, P＜0.001) in osteosarcoma tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent tissues. (3) CD34 and CD40 positive expression was closely related to Histological Grading, Tumor metastasis, and TNM staging. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the survival time of patients in CD34-positive group (χ2=29.33, P＜0.01) and CD40-positive group (χ2=8.690, P=0.003) was significantly shorter than that in corresponding negative control group.
Conclusion: The tumor stem cell markers CD34 and CD40 are highly expressed in osteosarcoma tissues and have a significant negative impact on clinical and pathological parameters and prognosis of osteosarcoma patients.