bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of pre‐operative imaging and double balloon enteroscopy in the surgical management of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors: Is it necessary?
Authors: Manguso Nicholas , Gangi Alexandra , Johnson Jeffrey , Harit Attiya , Nissen Nicholas , Jamil Laith , Lo Simon , Wachsman Ashley , Hendifar Andrew , Amersi Farin 
Published: September 2017

Background and ObjectivesPre‐operative localization of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors (SBNET) is important for operative planning. The aim was to determine the effectiveness of pre‐operative imaging and double‐balloon enteroscopy (DBE) in identifying extent of disease.MethodsDatabase review identified 85 patients with primary SBNET between 2006 and 2013. Analysis included patients who underwent imaging, endoscopy, and surgery at our institution.ResultsAverage age was 60.7 years. Sixty‐six (77.1%) patients had a primary NET in the ileum. Seventy‐two patients (67.3%) underwent CT, 47 (46.7%) had MRI, 44 (46.7%) had somatostatin receptor imaging (SRI), and 41 (39.3%) underwent DBE. The sensitivity of each in identifying the NET was 59.7% for CT, 54% for MRI, 56% for SRI, and 88.1% for DBE. Eighteen (21.2%) patients had primary tumors not identified on imaging. Of these 18, 13 underwent DBE, and 12 of 13 (92.3%) DBEs identified the primary lesion. DBE was significantly better at identifying the primary NET than CT, MRI or SRI (P = 0.004, 0.007, and 0.012).ConclusionsMost SBNETs are identified with a combination of imaging modalities. In those with unidentified primary tumors after imaging, DBE should be considered as it may provide valuable information as to the location of the primary tumor.
Chronic wasting disease influences activity and behavior in white‐tailed deer
Authors: Edmunds David R. , Albeke Shannon E. , Grogan Ronald G. , Lindzey Frederick G. , Legg David E. , Cook Walter E. , Schumaker Brant A. , Kreeger Terry J. , Cornish Todd E. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTChronic wasting disease (CWD) is an infectious and fatal transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of members of the family Cervidae. Although CWD has been a serious concern among wildlife managers in several states in the United States and 2 Canadian provinces for over a decade, it is not known how CWD affects movement of hosts during the preclinical and clinical phases of disease. We hypothesized that normal movement patterns are altered by CWD. We evaluated migratory status, migration corridors, dispersal behavior, hourly activity patterns, home range areas, and resource selection for white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) of known CWD status as a means of understanding how CWD infection influenced habitat use and disease spread. We captured deer, tested for CWD by tonsil biopsy, marked deer with radio‐transmitters (2003–2010) or global positioning system collars (2006–2010), and recaptured individuals annually for CWD testing. The proportion of CWD‐positive females that migrated was significantly less than CWD‐positive males. All deer that were CWD‐negative were more active than their CWD‐positive cohabitants, which was most pronounced in fall for males when CWD‐positive deer were significantly less active throughout the day. Home range areas were small ( = 1.99 km2) and were larger for CWD‐negative females than CWD‐positive females. Resource selection analyses indicated that all deer, regardless of CWD status, sex, or migratory status selected riparian habitats. Riparian habitats represent high CWD risk areas that should be targeted for potential disease management actions (e.g., surveillance, culling, environmental treatments). © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Balloon dilation of the eustachian tube for dilatory dysfunction: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Poe Dennis , Anand Vijay , Dean Marc , Roberts William H. , Stolovitzky Jose Pablo , Hoffmann Karen , Nachlas Nathan E. , Light Joshua P. , Widick Mark H. , Sugrue John P. , Elliott C. Layton , Rosenberg Seth I. , Guillory Paul , Brown Neil , Syms Charles A. , Hilton Christopher W. , McElveen John T. , Singh Ameet , Weiss Raymond L. , Arriaga Moises A. , Leopold John P. 
Published: September 2017

Objectives/HypothesisTo assess balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube with Eustachian tube balloon catheter in conjunction with medical management as treatment for Eustachian tube dilatory dysfunction.Study DesignIn this prospective, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial, we assigned, in a 2:1 ratio, patients age 22 years and older with Eustachian tube dilatory dysfunction refractory to medical therapy to undergo balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube with balloon catheter in conjunction with medical management or medical management alone.MethodsThe primary endpoint was normalization of tympanogram at 6 weeks. Additional endpoints were normalization of Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionaire‐7 symptom scores, positive Valsalva maneuver, mucosal inflammation, and safety.ResultsPrimary efficacy results demonstrated superiority of balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube with balloon catheter + medical management compared to medical management alone. Tympanogram normalization at 6‐week follow‐up was observed in 51.8% (72/139) of investigational patients versus 13.9% (10/72) of controls (P < .0001). Tympanogram normalization in the treatment group was 62.2% after 24 weeks. Normalization of Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionaire‐7 Symptom scores at 6‐week follow‐up was observed in 56.2% (77/137) of investigational patients versus 8.5% (6/71) controls (P < .001). The investigational group also demonstrated substantial improvement in both mucosal inflammation and Valsalva maneuver at 6‐week follow‐up compared to controls. No device‐ or procedure‐related serious adverse events were reported for those who underwent balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated superiority of balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube with balloon catheter + medical management compared to medical management alone to treat Eustachian tube dilatory dysfunction in adults.Level of Evidence1b. Laryngoscope, 128:1200–1206, 2018
A simple 3‐dimensional model to analyse wheel‐rail adhesion under wet condition
Authors: Wu Bing , Chen Ming , Wu Tao , Wen Zefeng , Jin Xuesong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe object of this paper is to develop a 3‐dimensional numerical model to estimate the wheel and rail adhesion coefficient considering surface roughness under wet condition. The water film thickness formed between wheel and rail plays an important role on the adhesion coefficient. Firstly, the full isothermal elasto‐hydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) theory of elliptical contact is used to obtain more than 20 different film thickness cases using Bett and Cappi's viscosity equation of water. Based on the numerical solutions, empirical formulas for the central and minimum film thickness are obtained relating to rolling speed, wheel and rail contact force, and material parameters and compared with results obtained by previous studies. Secondly, taking the surface roughness into consideration, the EHL theory is used to obtain the load carried by water, and the statistical elastic‐plastic mico‐contact model presented by Lee et al. was applied to calculate the load carried by asperities. Meanwhile, the thermal influencing reduction factor is used to consider the inlet heating effects on the film thickness, and the change of water viscosity is also taken into consideration due to the flash temperature generated between the moving rough surfaces. Furthermore, the present work investigates the dependence of the wheel/rail adhesion coefficient on train speed and surface roughness amplitude under wet condition.
Experimental and numerical assessment of hyperthermic laser lipolysis with 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser on a porcine fatty tissue model
Authors: Milanic Matija , Muc Blaz Tasic , Jezersek Matija , Lukac Matjaz 
Published: September 2017

Background and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to develop experimental and numerical models for a better understanding of hyperthermic laser lipolysis (HHL).Study DesignA 3 cm thick porcine fat sample was irradiated over a 4.3 × 4.7 cm2 area for 2 minutes with a 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser using 1.2 W/cm2 irradiance. Two irradiation scenarios were considered: without and with forced air cooling. Following the irradiation, the sample was left to cool down by natural convection. During the irradiation period, the surface temperature of the sample was continuously recorded by an infrared camera. Additionally, temperature depth profiles during the cooling period were also obtained. A one‐dimensional model of the laser irradiation procedure was developed, including light and heat transport. The model was used to determine the absorption coefficient of the fat and the heat convection coefficients from the measured data, and to evaluate the treatment by varying the parameters.ResultsThe measured temperature depth profiles revealed a maximum temperature (45.5°C) at the surface for a non‐cooled sample, and a surface temperature of 38°C with a subsurface temperature peak of 42.6°C at a depth of 5.7 mm for a cooled sample. This corresponded well with the measured surface temperature increase following the irradiation as a result of heat diffusion from the heated deeper fat layers. The developed numerical model was used to fit the measured data. A good agreement between the model and the measurements was obtained. By varying the treatment parameters, basic empirical relations connecting the treatment, thermal signal, and temperature depth profile parameters were found.ConclusionsThe results of this study provide a better understanding of transcutaneous laser lipolysis. The developed numerical model can be extended to transcutaneous laser lipolysis of human subjects. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:125–136, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biodegradable Inorganic–Organic POSS–PEG Hybrid Hydrogels as Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering
Authors: Yu Jingjing , Liu Zongtao , Shen Jinrui , Lu Cuifen , Hu Xingjian , Dong Nianguo , Yang Guichun , Chen Zuxing , Nie Junqi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBiodegradable hydrogels have attracted much attention in tissue engineering due to their good biocompatibility and elastomeric behavior. In this work, a series of inorganic–organic polyhedral oligomeric silsequioxanes–poly(ethylene glycol) (POSS–PEG) hybrid hydrogels are prepared by covalently grafting POSS into PEG and further cross‐linked by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) degradable peptide via Michael‐type addition polymerization. All the POSS–PEG hybrid hydrogels have a porous structure and high hydrophilic ability, and the grafted hydrophobic POSS macromers result in a higher mechanical properties and lower equilibrium swelling ratio. Additionally, the hydrogels can be biodegraded by MMP‐2 solution and the POSS loading level can influence the degradation rate. It is worth mentioning that POSS‐containing hybrid hydrogels can be prepared in water and be used for 3D cell culture. In vitro cell viability study on human umbilical vein endothelial cells for 3D cell culture indicates POSS–PEG hydrogels have good compatibility. All of these results suggest that these POSS–PEG hybrid hydrogels exhibit the potential for tissue engineering scaffolds.
Natural history of post‐void residual urine volume over 5 years in community‐dwelling older men: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project
Authors: Noguchi Naomi , Chan Lewis , Cumming Robert G. , Blyth Fiona M. , Handelsman David J. , Waite Louise M. , Le Couteur David G. , Naganathan Vasi 
Published: September 2017

AimsTo describe the natural history of post‐void residual urine volume (PVR) in community‐dwelling older men.MethodsThe Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project involves a representative sample of community‐dwelling men aged 70 and older in a defined geographic area of Sydney, Australia. PVR were measured at baseline and 2‐year and 5‐year follow‐up. The measurements were considered valid when the voided volumes were 150 mL and over. Three‐hundred twenty‐nine men without conditions that are likely to alter PVR (neurological disorders, prostate cancer, and a history of urological treatment) were included in the analyses.ResultsBaseline PVR were 0‐49 mL in 183 men, 50‐99 mL in 59 men, 100‐199 mL in 72 men, 200‐399 mL in 11 men, and 400 mL and over in 4 men. Thirteen out of 314 (4%) men with a baseline PVR of 0‐199 mL and 2 out of 11 (18%) men with a baseline PVR of 200‐399 mL had surgery for benign prostate enlargement (BPE) or indwelling catheterization over 5 years compared to three out of four men (75%) with a PVR of 400 mL and over. In all 101 men with a baseline PVR of less than 400 mL who did not receive urological treatment during follow‐up and had valid PVR data for both 2‐year and 5‐year follow‐up, PVR did not exceed 400 mL at either follow‐up time point.ConclusionConservative management may be appropriate for most older men with incidentally found elevated PVR of up to 400 mL.
Objectively Assessed Physical Activity and Weight Loss Maintenance among Individuals Enrolled in a Lifestyle Intervention
Authors: Unick Jessica L. , Gaussoin Sarah A. , Hill James O. , Jakicic John M. , Bond Dale S. , Hellgren Margareta , Johnson Karen C. , Peters Anne L. , Coday Mace , Kitzman Dalane W. , Bossart Suzette , Wing Rena R. ,   the Look AHEAD Research Group.
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between objectively assessed moderate‐to‐vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and 4‐year weight loss (WL) and WL maintenance among individuals with diabetes enrolled in the Look AHEAD trial.MethodsMVPA was measured in a subgroup of lifestyle intervention participants with accelerometry data at baseline and at 1 and 4 years (n = 553; age: 59.7 ± 6.8 y; BMI: 35.5 ± 5.9 kg/m2). Minutes per week of bout‐related MVPA were calculated (≥ 3 metabolic equivalents, ≥ 10‐min bouts), and adherence to the national physical activity (PA) recommendation for WL maintenance (≥ 250 min/wk) was assessed.ResultsIndependent of 1‐year WL, 4‐year MVPA (β = −0.003, SE = 0.002, P = 0.006), but not 1‐year MVPA (β = 0.0001, SE = 0.001, P = 0.50), was significantly associated with 4‐year WL. Compared with “nonmaintainers” (≥ 10% WL at year 1, but < 10% at year 4; n = 132), WL maintainers (≥ 10% WL at years 1 and 4; n = 103) had higher MVPA at year 1 (253.4 ± 251.8 vs. 163.9 ± 158.2 min/wk, P = 0.002) and year 4 (155.3 ± 180.6 vs. 111.4 ± 154.5 min/wk, P = 0.046). Although 38.8% and 22.3% of WL maintainers engaged in ≥ 250 min/wk at years 1 and 4, respectively, many engaged in < 150 min/wk (year 1: 41%, year 4: 61%).ConclusionsHigher weekly MVPA is associated with greater long‐term WL and weight maintenance; however, many individuals are able to maintain ≥ 10% WL while engaging in little MVPA.
Asian Adolescents with Excess Weight are at Higher Risk for Insulin Resistance than Non‐Asian Peers
Authors: Elsamadony Ahmed , Yates Kathy F. , Sweat Victoria , Yau Po Lai , Mangone Alex , Joseph Adriana , Fierman Arthur , Convit Antonio 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate whether Asian American adolescents have higher metabolic risk from excess weight than non‐Asians.MethodsSeven hundred thirty‐three students, aged 14 to 19 years old, completed a school‐based health screening. The 427 Asian and 306 non‐Asian students were overall equivalent on age, sex, and family income. Height, weight, waist circumference, percent body fat, and blood pressure were measured. Fasting triglycerides, high‐ and low‐density lipoproteins, glucose, and insulin levels were measured. Asian and non‐Asians in lean or overweight/obesity groups were contrasted on the five factors that make up the metabolic syndrome.ResultsAsian adolescents carrying excess weight had significantly higher insulin resistance (IR), triglyceride levels, and waist‐height ratios (W/H), despite a significantly lower overall BMI than corresponding non‐Asians. Similarly, Asians had a stronger relationship between W/H and the degree of IR than non‐Asian counterparts; 35% and 18% of the variances were explained (R2 = 0.35, R2 = 0.18) respectively, resulting in a significant W/H by racial group interaction (Fchange[1,236] = 11.56, P < 0.01).ConclusionsDespite lower overall BMI, Asians have higher IR and triglyceride levels from excess weight than their non‐Asian counterparts. One‐size‐fits‐all public health policies targeting youth should be reconsidered and attention paid to Asian adolescents, including those with mild degrees of excess weight.
High‐Level Glyoxalase 1 (GLO1) expression is linked to poor prognosis in prostate cancer
Authors: Burdelski Christoph , Shihada Rami , Hinsch Andrea , Angerer Alexander , Göbel Cosima , Friedrich Emily , Hube‐Magg Claudia , Burdak‐Rothkamm Susanne , Kluth Martina , Simon Ronald , Möller‐Koop Christina , Sauter Guido , Büscheck Franzika , Wittmer Corinna , Clauditz Till S. , Krech Till , Tsourlakis Maria C. , Minner Sarah , Graefen Markus , Schlomm Thorsten , Wilczak Waldemar , Jacobsen Frank 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundGlyoxalase 1 (GLO1) is an enzyme involved in removal of toxic byproducts accumulating during glycolysis from the cell. GLO1 is up regulated in many cancer types but its role in prostate cancer is largely unknown.MethodsHere, we employed GLO1 immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray including 11 152 tumors and an attached clinical and molecular database.ResultsNormal prostate epithelium was negative for GLO1, whereas 2059 (27.3%) of 7552 interpretable cancers showed cytoplasmic GLO1 staining, which was considered weak in 8.8%, moderate in 12.5%, and strong in 6.1% of tumors. Up regulation of GLO1 was significantly linked to high original Gleason grade, advanced pathological tumor stage and positive lymph node status (P < 0.0001 each). Comparison of GLO1 staining with several common genomic alterations of prostate cancers revealed a strong link between GLO1 up regulation and TMPRSS2:ERG fusion (P < 0.0001) and an ERG‐independent association with PTEN deletion (P < 0.0001). GLO1 up regulation was strongly linked to early biochemical recurrence in univariate analysis (P < 0.0001) and predicted poor prognosis independent from most (except from nodal stage) established prognostic parameters in multivariate analysis (P ≤ 0.03).ConclusionsGLO1 upregulation is linked to aggressive prostate cancers characterized by ERG fusion and PTEN deletion. The strong and independent prognostic value makes it a promising candidate for routine diagnostic applications either alone or in combination with other markers.
Repeated SPRT charts for monitoring INAR(1) processes
Authors: Xu Shangjie , Jeske Daniel R. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPoisson integer valued autoregressive (INAR) models have been proposed for modeling correlated count data. Poisson lognormal (PLN) INAR models extend their use to overdispersed contexts. In this paper, we will propose the use of a repeated Sequential Probability Ratio Test (SPRT) procedure to detect change in first‐order INAR and PLN INAR models. We consider change in the mean, the autocorrelation parameter, and the overdispersion parameter. Simulation results show the repeated SPRT procedure performs favorably relative to previously proposed CUSUM procedures that are based on either the observations themselves or residuals of the observations from predicted values. A dataset on invasive insect species is used to illustrate the repeated SPRT procedure.
Emerging arboviruses in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: Chikungunya and Zika outbreaks, 2014‐2016
Authors: Gregianini Tatiana Schäffer , Ranieri Tani , Favreto Cátia , Nunes Zenaida Marion Alves , Tumioto Giannini Gabriela Luchiari , Sanberg Nara Druck , da Rosa Marilda Tereza Mar , da Veiga Ana Beatriz Gorini 
Published: September 2017

SummaryQuestions investigatedThe recent emergence of arboviruses such as Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) in Brazil has posed a threat to human health and to the country's economy. Outbreaks occur mainly in tropical areas; however, increasing number of cases have been observed in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), the Southernmost state; therefore, surveillance of these arboviruses is essential for public health measures.DesignIn this study, we analyzed 1276 samples from patients with clinically suspected arboviral diseases between 2014 and 2016. Demographic and clinical data were collected and described; cases of microcephaly associated with congenital infection were analyzed.Essential findingsResults show that CHIKV and ZIKV entered RS in 2014 and 2015, respectively, with imported cases confirmed. Autochthonous infections occurred in 2016 for both viruses, with a total of 5 autochthonous cases for CHIKV and 44 for ZIKV. Most patients were older than 21 years; the main symptoms were fever, arthralgia, myalgia, and headache; rash, conjunctivitis, and pruritus were also reported in ZIKV cases. Three cases of congenital Zika syndrome were confirmed in our study, while another 20 cases of microcephaly associated with congenital infection were confirmed (10 positive for syphilis, 6 for toxoplasmosis and 4 for cytomegalovirus).Main conclusionsConsidering co‐circulation of different arbovirus in RS, including Dengue virus, CHIKV, and ZIKV, and the presence of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in the area, surveillance of patients infected by these viruses contributes to the control and prevention of such diseases. Practical difficulties in diagnosing these infections are discussed.
Self‐triggered model predictive control for networked control systems based on first‐order hold
Authors: He Ning , Shi Dawei , Chen Tongwen 
Published: September 2017

SummaryIn this work, a new self‐triggered model predictive control (STMPC) algorithm is proposed for continuous‐time networked control systems. Compared with existing STMPC algorithms, the proposed STMPC is implemented based on linear interpolation (first‐order hold) rather than the standard zero‐order hold, which helps further reduce the difference between the self‐triggered control signal and the original time‐triggered counterpart and thus reduce the rate of triggering. Based on the first‐order hold implementation, a self‐triggering condition is derived and the corresponding theoretical properties of the closed‐loop system are analyzed. Finally, the comparison between the proposed algorithm and the zero‐order hold–based STMPC is carried out through both theoretical analysis and a simulation example to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Ultrafast Flame Annealing of TiO2 Paste for Fabricating Dye‐Sensitized and Perovskite Solar Cells with Enhanced Efficiency
Authors: Kim Jung Kyu , Chai Sung Uk , Cho Yoonjun , Cai Lili , Kim Sung June , Park Sangwook , Park Jong Hyeok , Zheng Xiaolin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMesoporous TiO2 nanoparticle (NP) films are broadly used as electrodes in photoelectrochemical cells, dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), and perovskite solar cells (PSCs). State‐of‐the‐art mesoporous TiO2 NP films for these solar cells are fabricated by annealing TiO2 paste‐coated fluorine‐doped tin oxide glass in a box furnace at 500 °C for ≈30 min. Here, the use of a nontraditional reactor, i.e., flame, is reported for the high throughput and ultrafast annealing of TiO2 paste (≈1 min). This flame‐annealing method, compared to conventional furnace annealing, exhibits three distinct benefits. First, flame removes polymeric binders in the initial TiO2 paste more completely because of its high temperature (≈1000 °C). Second, flame induces strong interconnections between TiO2 nanoparticles without affecting the underlying transparent conducting oxide substrate. Third, the flame‐induced carbothermic reduction on the TiO2 surface facilitates charge injection from the dye/perovskite to TiO2. Consequently, when the flame‐annealed mesoporous TiO2 film is used to fabricate DSSCs and PSCs, both exhibit enhanced charge transport and higher power conversion efficiencies than those fabricated using furnace‐annealed TiO2 films. Finally, when the ultrafast flame‐annealing method is combined with a fast dye‐coating method to fabricate DSSC devices, its total fabrication time is reduced from over 3 h to ≈10 min.