bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
R‐CHOP versus dose‐adjusted R‐EPOCH in frontline management of primary mediastinal B‐cell lymphoma: a multi‐centre analysis
Authors: Shah Nirav N. , Szabo Aniko , Huntington Scott F. , Epperla Narendranath , Reddy Nishitha , Ganguly Siddhartha , Vose Julie , Obiozor Cynthia , Faruqi Fahad , Kovach Alexandra E. , Costa Luciano J. , Xavier Ana C. , Okal Ryan , Kanate Abraham S. , Ghosh Nilanjan , Kharfan‐Dabaja Mohamed A. , Strelec Lauren , Hamadani Mehdi , Fenske Timothy S. , Calzada Oscar , Cohen Jonathon B. , Chavez Julio , Svoboda Jakub 
Published: December 2017

SummaryPrimary mediastinal (thymic) large B‐cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is an uncommon subtype of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that presents with a mediastinal mass and has unique clinicopathological features. Historically, patients with PMBCL were treated with R‐CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) chemotherapy ± involved field radiation. Since a phase II trial, published in April 2013, demonstrated excellent results using dose‐adjusted (DA) R‐EPOCH (rituximab, etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin), this treatment has gained popularity. We performed a retrospective, multicentre analysis of patients aged ≥18 years with PMBCL since January 2011. Patients were stratified by frontline regimen, R‐CHOP versus DA‐R‐EPOCH. 132 patients were identified from 11 contributing centres (56 R‐CHOP and 76 DA‐R‐EPOCH). The primary outcome was overall survival. Secondary outcomes included progression‐free survival, complete response (CR) rate, and rates of treatment‐related complications. Demographic characteristics were similar in both groups. DA‐R‐EPOCH use increased after April 2013 (79% vs. 45%, P < 0·001), and there was less radiation use after DA‐R‐EPOCH (13% vs. 59%, P < 0·001). While CR rates were higher with DA‐R‐EPOCH (84% vs. 70%, P = 0·046), these patients were more likely to experience treatment‐related toxicities. At 2 years, 89% of R‐CHOP patients and 91% of DA‐R‐EPOCH patients were alive. To our knowledge, this represents the largest series comparing outcomes of R‐CHOP to DA‐R‐EPOCH for PMBCL.
Oligopoly in international trade: Rise, fall and resurgence
Authors: Head Keith , Spencer Barbara J. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractLarge firms played a central role in the “new trade” models that became a major focus of trade economists in the early 1980s. Subsequent literature for the most part kept imperfect competition but jettisoned oligopoly. Instead, as the heterogeneous firms literature burgeoned in the 2000s, monopolistic competition quickly became established as the workhorse model. The use of oligopoly in trade models has been criticized for reasons that we argue are unpersuasive. Renewed incorporation of oligopolistic firms in international trade is warranted. Quantitative investigations of welfare effects of trade policy should again address the impact of such policies on the allocation of profits across countries.
Enlisting Peer Cooperation in the Service of Alcohol Use Prevention in Middle School
Authors: Van Ryzin Mark J. , Roseth Cary J. 
Published: December 2017

This article reports on a cluster randomized trial of cooperative learning (CL) as a way to prevent escalation in alcohol use during middle school (N = 1,460 seventh‐grade students, age 12–13, seven intervention and eight control schools). We hypothesized that CL, by bringing students together in group‐based learning activities using positive interdependence, would interrupt the process of deviant peer clustering, provide at‐risk youth with prosocial influences, and in turn, reduce escalations in alcohol use. Results indicated that CL significantly reduced growth in deviant peer affiliation and actual alcohol use, and effects for willingness to use alcohol were at the threshold of significance (p = .05). CL also attenuated the link between willingness to use alcohol and later alcohol use.
A New Class of Guided C2 Subdivision Surfaces Combining Good Shape with Nested Refinement
Authors: Karčiauskas Kęstutis , Peters Jörg 
Published: December 2017

AbstractConverting quadrilateral meshes to smooth manifolds, guided subdivision offers a way to combine the good highlight line distribution of recent G‐spline constructions with the refinability of subdivision surfaces. This avoids the complex refinement of G‐spline constructions and the poor shape of standard subdivision. Guided subdivision can then be used both to generate the surface and hierarchically compute functions on the surface. Specifically, we present a C2 subdivision algorithm of polynomial degree bi‐6 and a curvature bounded algorithm of degree bi‐5. We prove that the common eigenstructure of this class of subdivision algorithms is determined by their guide and demonstrate that their eigenspectrum (speed of contraction) can be adjusted without harming the shape. For practical implementation, a finite number of subdivision steps can be completed by a high‐quality cap. Near irregular points this allows leveraging standard polynomial tools both for rendering of the surface and for approximately integrating functions on the surface.
Morphology‐based phylogenetic reconstruction of Cholevinae (Coleoptera: Leiodidae): a new view on higher‐level relationships
Authors: Antunes‐Carvalho Caio , Ribera Ignacio , Beutel Rolf G. , Gnaspini Pedro 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe current state of knowledge of the suprageneric relationships in Cholevinae is either derived from informal evaluations of putative synapomorphies or based on molecular studies with limited taxonomic sampling. Here we assessed the higher‐level relationships in this subfamily based on a phylogenetic analysis of 97 morphological characters scored for 93 terminals, representing all tribes. Both parsimony and Bayesian analyses were used. The monophyletic origin of Cholevinae was corroborated, except for the unexpected inclusion ofLeptinusin the implied weighting analysis. Eucatopini + Oritocatopini were retrieved as basal branches in the evolution of Cholevinae. The monophyletic origin of all remaining Cholevinae was confirmed, which is consistent with molecular evidence. Anemadini was non‐monophyletic, in accordance with earlier hypotheses. Cholevini was rendered non‐monophyletic by the uncertain inclusion ofPrionochaetaand the consistent exclusion ofCholevinus. A close affinity of Ptomaphagini to Sciaphyini and Leptodirini was suggested, although the position ofSciaphyesremains uncertain. The phylogenetic hypothesis of Cholevinae provided here is the most comprehensive presently available. The list of characters shows that a substantial part of the data was obtained from the ventral side. This is a strong argument for a detailed pictorial documentation of the ventral body parts in taxonomic descriptions, in contrast to the common practice of only illustrating the dorsal habitus of the beetles.
When did the ancestor of true bugs become stinky? Disentangling the phylogenomics of Hemiptera–Heteroptera
Authors: Wang Yan‐Hui , Wu Hao‐Yang , Rédei Dávid , Xie Qiang , Chen Yan , Chen Ping‐Ping , Dong Zhuo‐Er , Dang Kai , Damgaard Jakob , Štys Pavel , Wu Yan‐Zhuo , Luo Jiu‐Yang , Sun Xiao‐Ya , Hartung Viktor , Kuechler Stefan M. , Liu Yang , Liu Hua‐Xi , Bu Wen‐Jun 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe phylogeny of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), one of the most diverse insect groups in terms of morphology and ecology, has been the focus of attention for decades with respect to several deep nodes between the suborders of Hemiptera and the infraorders of Heteroptera. Here, we assembled a phylogenomic data set of 53 taxa and 3102 orthologous genes to investigate the phylogeny of Hemiptera–Heteroptera, and both concatenation and coalescent methods were used. A binode‐control approach for data filtering was introduced to reduce the incongruence between different genes, which can improve the performance of phylogenetic reconstruction. Both hypotheses (Coleorrhyncha + Heteroptera) and (Coleorrhyncha + Auchenorrhyncha) received support from various analyses, in which the former is more consistent with the morphological evidence. Based on a divergence time estimation performed on genes with a strong phylogenetic signal, the origin of true bugs was dated to 290–268 Ma in the Permian, the time in Earth's history with the highest concentration of atmospheric oxygen. During this time interval, at least 1007 apomorphic amino acids were retained in the common ancestor of the extant true bugs. These molecular apomorphies are located in 553 orthologous genes, which suggests the common ancestor of the extant true bugs may have experienced large‐scale evolution at the genome level.
Isothiazolinones are still widely used in paints purchased in five European countries: a follow‐up study
Authors: Thomsen Andreas V. , Schwensen Jakob F. , Bossi Rossana , Banerjee Piu , Giménez‐Arnau Elena , Lepoittevin Jean‐Pierre , Lidén Carola , Uter Wolfgang , White Ian R. , Johansen Jeanne D. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryBackgroundAn increasing incidence of contact allergy to methylisothiazolinone (MI) has been seen, caused, in particular, by cosmetic products and paints. A study from 2015 showed that 93.0% of paints bought in five European countries contained MI. New regulations have been discussed for paints in the EU, which may have influenced this market.ObjectivesTo re‐evaluate the use and concentrations of MI and four other isothiazolinones in water‐based wall paints.MethodsWater‐based white wall paints (n = 60) were purchased in retail stores in five European countries: Denmark, France, Germany, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. The paints were analysed for isothiazolione content by the use of high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet detection, and the results were confirmed with high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsMI was identified in 55 (91.7%) of the paints, with concentrations ranging from 1.1 to 142.7 ppm. The other isothiazolinones were identified in 20.0% [methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI)] to 88.3% [benzisothiazolinone (BIT)] of the paints. BIT concentrations varied significantly between countries, whereas MI and MCI concentrations did not. There were no statistically significant differences in MI, MCI and BIT concentrations between the current study and the 2015 study.ConclusionsMI and other isothiazolinones are widely used in paints available in Europe. Their use does not seem to be decreasing.
Using Statistical Models of Morphology in the Search for Optimal Units of Representation in the Human Mental Lexicon
Authors: Virpioja Sami , Lehtonen Minna , Hultén Annika , Kivikari Henna , Salmelin Riitta , Lagus Krista 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDetermining optimal units of representing morphologically complex words in the mental lexicon is a central question in psycholinguistics. Here, we utilize advances in computational sciences to study human morphological processing using statistical models of morphology, particularly the unsupervised Morfessor model that works on the principle of optimization. The aim was to see what kind of model structure corresponds best to human word recognition costs for multimorphemic Finnish nouns: a model incorporating units resembling linguistically defined morphemes, a whole‐word model, or a model that seeks for an optimal balance between these two extremes. Our results showed that human word recognition was predicted best by a combination of two models: a model that decomposes words at some morpheme boundaries while keeping others unsegmented and a whole‐word model. The results support dual‐route models that assume that both decomposed and full‐form representations are utilized to optimally process complex words within the mental lexicon.
Pharmacogenetics of KCNQ channel activation in 2 potassium channelopathy mouse models of epilepsy
Authors: Vanhoof‐Villalba Stephanie L. , Gautier Nicole M. , Mishra Vikas , Glasscock Edward 
Published: December 2017

SummaryObjectivesAntiseizure drugs are the leading therapeutic choice for treatment of epilepsy, but their efficacy is limited by pharmacoresistance and the occurrence of unwanted side effects. Here, we examined the therapeutic efficacy of KCNQ channel activation by retigabine in preventing seizures and neurocardiac dysfunction in 2 potassium channelopathy mouse models of epilepsy with differing severity that have been associated with increased risk of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP): the Kcna1−/− model of severe epilepsy and the Kcnq1A340E/A340E model of mild epilepsy.MethodsA combination of behavioral, seizure threshold, electrophysiologic, and gene expression analyses was used to determine the effects of KCNQ activation in mice.ResultsBehaviorally, Kcna1−/− mice exhibited unexpected hyperexcitability instead of the expected sedative‐like response. In flurothyl‐induced seizure tests, KCNQ activation decreased seizure latency by ≥50% in Kcnq1 strain mice but had no effect in the Kcna1 strain, suggesting the influence of genetic background. However, in simultaneous electroencephalography and electrocardiography recordings, KCNQ activation significantly reduced spontaneous seizure frequency in Kcna1−/− mice by ~60%. In Kcnq1A340E/A340E mice, KCNQ activation produced adverse cardiac effects including profound bradycardia and abnormal increases in heart rate variability and atrioventricular conduction blocks. Analyses of Kcnq2 and Kcnq3 mRNA levels revealed significantly elevated Kcnq2 expression in Kcna1−/− brains, suggesting that drug target alterations may contribute to the altered drug responses.SignificanceThis study shows that treatment strategies in channelopathy may have unexpected outcomes and that effective rebalancing of channel defects requires improved understanding of channel interactions at the circuit and tissue levels. The efficacy of KCNQ channel activation and manifestation of adverse effects were greatly affected by genetic background, potentially limiting KCNQ modulation as a way to prevent neurocardiac dysfunction in epilepsy and thereby SUDEP risk. Our data also uncover a potential role for KCNQ2‐5 channels in autonomic control of chronotropy.
Structural, optical, thermoelectrical, and magnetic study of Zn1‐xCoxO (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) nanocrystals
Authors: Akhtari Fereshteh , Zorriasatein Suzan , Farahmandjou Majid , Elahi Seyed Mohammad 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn this work, we have prepared Co‐doped ZnO nanocomposites by zinc nitrate and cobalt sulfate as new precursors via the coprecipitation method and the samples were followed to identify the morphological, optical, structural, and magnetic properties. The XRD patterns revealed the crystalline nature of nanoparticles with hexagonal wurtzite structures, which meant that Co impurity did not disturb the structure of pure ZnO and the minimum crystallite size of nanoparticles was calculated to be around 37 nm. The XRD patterns also showed the lattice parameter increase owing to the incorporation of a Co dopant. The TEM results revealed the sphere‐like particles whose size varied between 56 and 88 nm in diameter at a 4% level of impurity. DRS analysis identified that the band gap energy decreased from 3.18 eV for the pure substance to 2.36 eV for the 10% impure substance. VSM analysis exhibited that the saturation magnetization value increased to 8.4 × 10−3 emu/g for the highest Co content of 10%, which indicated the ferromagnetic behavior of NPs.
Ceramic plasma‐spray‐coated graphite crucible for injection casting of fast reactor fuel slugs
Authors: Kim Ki‐Hwan , Hong Ki‐Won , Kim Jong‐Hwan , Park Jeong‐Yong , Lee Chan‐Bock 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCeramic plasma‐spray coatings with single and multiple layers have been applied to melting crucible material substrates for the development of a reusable crucible for the fabrication of metal fuel slugs for a sodium‐cooled fast reactor (SFR). Various combinations of vacuum plasma‐spray (VPS) coated specimens have been applied to investigate the bonding effect on the crucible substrate and the interaction between the metal fuel and the VPS‐coated crucible substrate. All VPS‐coated methods maintained a sound coating state after a dipping test with U‐10 wt%Zr melt. A single coating of a Y2O3(150) layer and a double coating layer of TaC(50)‐Y2O3(100) showed some degradation or penetration, respectively, after 2 cycles of dipping test with an aggressive U‐10 wt%Zr‐5 wt%RE melt. Injection castings of U‐10 wt%Zr and U‐10 wt%Zr‐5 wt%RE fuel slugs were also conducted to investigate the feasibility of a reusable melting crucible of metal fuel slugs. The U‐10 wt%Zr fuel slugs were soundly fabricated without significant interactions of the graphite crucibles; however, the U‐10 wt%Zr‐5 wt%RE fuel slugs had some degradation or penetration, respectively, after injection casting.
Do banks care about analysts' forecasts when designing loan contracts?
Authors: Coyne Joshua , Stice Derrald 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe investigate whether banks rely on the information content in equity analysts’ annual earnings forecasts when assessing the risk of potential borrowers. While a long literature finds that analysts provide useful information to market participants, it is not clear that banks, which have access to privileged information, would benefit from publicly available analysts’ forecasts. If, however, banks do rely on this information, then more precise private information in earnings forecasts may inform banks. We focus our analysis on the requirement of collateral because it is a direct measure of default risk, whereas other loan terms such as interest spread and debt covenants can also protect against other risks, such as asset misappropriation. The direct link between collateral and default risk allows us to examine whether information from analysts is relevant to banks when designing loan contracts. Consistent with our predictions, we find that higher precision of the private information in analysts’ earnings forecasts is associated with a lower likelihood of requiring collateral, and this effect is larger when a borrower does not have a prior relationship with the lender or their accounting or credit quality is low. We also find that this association disappears after the implementation of Regulation FD, consistent with this regulation reducing analysts’ access to private information.
Benefits of non‐surgical periodontal treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mauri‐Obradors Elisabet , Merlos Alexandra , Estrugo‐Devesa Albert , Jané‐Salas Enric , López‐López José , Viñas Miguel 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundPeriodontitis and diabetes are highly prevalent conditions whose association has long been recognized.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of non‐surgical periodontal treatment on serum HbA1c (haemoglobin A1c or glycated haemoglobin) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.Research Design and MethodsThis was a 6‐month, single‐masked, randomized clinical trial based on 90 patients (HbA1c: 7.7% (61 mmol/mol) ± 1.13%) who were randomly assigned to either the treatment group (oral hygiene instructions + scaling and root planing using ultrasound and Gracey curettes) or the control group (oral hygiene instructions + supragingival removal of plaque and calculus using ultrasound). Pocket depth, gingival index, and plaque index were assessed at baseline and after 3 and 6 months together with determinations of fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, and bacterial counts.ResultsTreatment significantly improved the periodontal and metabolic parameters (p < .05), whereas in the control group no improvement was observed. These results were consistent with the bacteriological results in most but not all cases.ConclusionNon‐surgical periodontal treatment resulted in a better glycaemic status of type 2 diabetes patients and demonstrated the importance of oral health in their general health.
Volumetric changes following ridge preservation or spontaneous healing and early implant placement with simultaneous guided bone regeneration
Authors: Naenni Nadja , Bienz Stefan P. , Muñoz Fernando , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. , Jung Ronald E. , Thoma Daniel S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimTo assess volumetric and linear changes following ridge preservation (RP) or spontaneous healing plus early implant placement with or without simultaneous guided bone regeneration (GBR).Materials and MethodsIn eight adult beagle dogs, the mesial roots of the mandibular P3, P4 and M1 were extracted. Sites were randomized to either ridge preservation (RP) or spontaneous healing (SH). Four weeks later dental implants were placed either with (RP2) or without removing non‐integrated DBBM (RP1). In RP2 and SH sites, GBR was applied using a demineralized bovine bone mineral and a resorbable membrane. Impressions were taken postextraction (SH)/postridge preservation (RP1; RP2), before and after implant placement and after healing of 4 and 12 weeks. Casts were digitized to allow for superimposition and measurement of contour alterations.ResultsMedian ridge width reduction from postextraction (SH)/postridge preservation (RP1;RP2) to implant placement ranged from −13.9% (SH) to −19.7% (RP) (p > .05), whereas from implant placement to sacrifice, it was statistically significantly lower in group RP1 (−5.5%) compared to group SH (−23.4%; p = .0013) and group RP2 (−22.1%; p = .0026). Encompassing the entire study period, median ridge width changes ranged between −17.8% (SH), −24.8% (RP2) and −32.5% (RP1) (p > .05).ConclusionsIrrespective of the treatment modality and the healing period, part of the ridge contour was lost. Early implant placement after ridge preservation without additional GBR resulted in a more stable ridge contour after implant placement compared to controls.
Relationship between clinical periodontal parameters and changes in liver enzymes levels over an 8‐year period in an elderly Japanese population
Authors: Widita Elastria , Yoshihara Akihiro , Hanindriyo Lisdrianto , Miyazaki Hideo 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimsAn association between periodontal disease and liver enzymes has been reported previously. This study examined the relationship between clinical periodontal parameters and changes in liver enzymes levels in 265 non‐institutionalized Japanese elderly aged 72 years over 8 years.Materials and methodsThe number of sites with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 6 mm and clinical attachment level (CAL) ≥ 6 mm were measured. Changes in liver enzymes (alanine transaminase [ALT] and aspartate transaminase [AST]) was grouped based on any elevation of concentrations. The relationship was determined by logistic regression with adjustment for confounders. Interaction test and stratified analysis were then performed according to smoking status and alcohol drinking habits, separately.ResultsElevation in ALT, but not AST, was significantly associated with PPD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.10) and CAL (OR = 1.03). A significant interaction of periodontal parameters on ALT was observed with smoking status, but not with alcohol drinking habit. The stratified analysis suggested that ALT was found to be significantly correlated with PPD (OR = 1.20) and CAL (OR = 1.04) to those who were smoker.ConclusionThe elevation in ALT levels might be associated with clinical periodontal parameters among non‐institutionalized Japanese elderly, and this association was modified by smoking status.