bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation of craniofacial representation in passport photographs
Authors: Spiteri Vanessa Rose , Porter Glenn , Kemp Richard 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– Passport photographs are routinely incorporated onto official travel documentation to ascertain an individual’s identity. In Australia, passport photographs may be provided by a range of retail suppliers and photographed to a set of standards developed by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Whether these standards can provide consistency between craniofacial representation and other parameters throughout individual subjects is unknown. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
– This study tests the consistency of passport images with regard to parameters that are likely to affect suitability for use as passport documents. These parameters include, space and dimensionality, craniofacial representation, image sharpness, exposure and colour rendition.

Findings
– The examination found there was a significant degree of variation among the test results despite being completed using the same instructional guidelines designed to produce uniformity.

Originality/value
– The paper identifies a significant degree of variation among test results and suggests further review.
Marketing, marketing systems, and the framing of marketing history
Authors: Layton Roger 
Published: November 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to highlight the limitations of marketing viewed as a management discipline in addressing contemporary concerns. Widening the scope of marketing enquiry leads directly to the role, nature and dynamics of marketing systems, suggesting that historical studies could often be framed in marketing systems terms, highlighting underlying patterns and interactions.Design/methodology/approach– This paper draws on studies in marketing history to illustrate ways in which a framing in terms of marketing system concepts could be of value.Findings– Framing historical studies in marketing systems terms draws attention to underlying patterns and links marketing history directly to macro-marketing theory, enabling the testing of theory drawing on work in the logic of comparative historical analysis.Originality/value– This paper draws attention to a new way of thinking about historical research in marketing.
Success factors of new health-care services
Authors: Indounas Kostis , Arvaniti Aggeliki 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to provide insights into the success factors of new-to-the-firm health services.

Design/methodology/approach
The study was based on the case study methodology with three leading health organizations.

Findings
The study’s findings indicate that the success factors of new health services are largely in line with the literature on new service development. Our study also revealed the significance of two factors that have not been identified by previous studies, namely, branding and doctors’ participation in the new service development process.

Research limitations/implications
Introducing a successful new health service into the market seems to require an emphasis on a variety of factors related to the company’s internal and external environment, while two important characteristics are the role of branding and doctors. Despite its acceptance as a scientific method, the case study approach that was selected limits the ability to generalize the results to the broader health industry.

Originality/value
The current study represents one of the first attempts to examine the above topic in a health-related service context.
C5a inhibitor protects against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat small intestine
Authors: Tuboly Eszter , Futakuchi Mitsuru , Varga Gabriella , Érces Daniel , Tőkés Tünde , Mészáros Andras , Kaszaki József , Suzui Masumi , Imai Masaki , Okada Alan , Okada Noriko , Boros Mihály , Okada Hidechika 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTAcute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is caused by considerable intestinal injury, which is associated with intestinal ischemia followed by reperfusion. To elucidate the mechanisms of ischemia/reperfusion injuries, a C5a inhibitory peptide termed AcPepA was used to examine the role of C5a anaphylatoxin, induction of inflammatory cells, and cell proliferation of the intestinal epithelial cells in an experimental AMI model. In this rat model, the superior mesenteric artery was occluded and subsequently reperfused (Induce‐I/R). Other groups were treated with AcPepA before ischemia or reperfusion. Induce‐I/R induced injuries in the intestine and AcPepA significantly decreased the proportion of severely injured villi. Induce‐I/R induced secondary receptor for C5a‐positive polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the vessels and CD204‐positive macrophages near the injured site; this was correlated with hypoxia‐induced factor 1‐alpha‐positive cells. Induction of these inflammatory cells was attenuated by AcPepA. In addition, AcPepA increased proliferation of epithelial cells in the villi, possibly preventing further damage. Therefore, Induce‐I/R activates C5a followed by the accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte and hypoxia‐induced factor 1‐alpha‐producing macrophages, leading to villus injury. AcPepA, a C5a inhibitory peptide, blocks the deleterious effects of C5a, indicating it has a therapeutic effect on the inflammatory consequences of experimental AMI.
Supporting local diversity of habitats and species on farmland: a comparison of three wildlife‐friendly schemes
Authors: Hardman Chloe J. , Harrison Dominic P.G. , Shaw Pete J. , Nevard Tim D. , Hughes Brin , Potts Simon G. , Norris Ken 
Published: November 2015

Summary

Restoration and maintenance of habitat diversity have been suggested as conservation priorities in farmed landscapes, but how this should be achieved and at what scale are unclear. This study makes a novel comparison of the effectiveness of three wildlife‐friendly farming schemes for supporting local habitat diversity and species richness on 12 farms in England.

The schemes were: (i) Conservation Grade (Conservation Grade: a prescriptive, non‐organic, biodiversity‐focused scheme), (ii) organic agriculture and (iii) a baseline of Entry Level Stewardship (Entry Level Stewardship: a flexible widespread government scheme).

Conservation Grade farms supported a quarter higher habitat diversity at the 100‐m radius scale compared to Entry Level Stewardship farms. Conservation Grade and organic farms both supported a fifth higher habitat diversity at the 250‐m radius scale compared to Entry Level Stewardship farms. Habitat diversity at the 100‐m and 250‐m scales significantly predicted species richness of butterflies and plants. Habitat diversity at the 100‐m scale also significantly predicted species richness of birds in winter and solitary bees. There were no significant relationships between habitat diversity and species richness for bumblebees or birds in summer.

Butterfly species richness was significantly higher on organic farms (50% higher) and marginally higher on Conservation Grade farms (20% higher), compared with farms in Entry Level Stewardship. Organic farms supported significantly more plant species than Entry Level Stewardship farms (70% higher) but Conservation Grade farms did not (10% higher). There were no significant differences between the three schemes for species richness of bumblebees, solitary bees or birds.

Policy implications. The wildlife‐friendly farming schemes which included compulsory changes in management, Conservation Grade and organic, were more effective at increasing local habitat diversity and species richness compared with the less prescriptive Entry Level Stewardship scheme. We recommend that wildlife‐friendly farming schemes should aim to enhance and maintain high local habitat diversity, through mechanisms such as option packages, where farmers are required to deliver a combination of several habitats.
33 Years of Peritoneal Dialysis‐Associated Peritonitis: A Single‐Center Study in Japan
Authors: Nakao Masatsugu , Yamamoto Izumi , Maruyama Yukio , Nakashima Akio , Matsuo Nanae , Tanno Yudo , Ohkido Ichiro , Ikeda Masato , Yamamoto Hiroyasu , Yokoyama Keitaro , Yokoo Takashi 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPeritoneal dialysis‐associated peritonitis (PD‐associated peritonitis) could influence the outcome of PD patients, including technique survival. Although the use of the twin‐bag system has decreased the incidence of peritonitis, the effects of biocompatible PD solutions are controversial. Additionally, since both infection‐causing microorganisms and antimicrobial therapies have changed over time, the duration of treatment of peritonitis (the duration of peritonitis) seems to have changed. The study included 527 patients who received PD between January 1980 and December 2012 at a single center. We divided patients undergoing PD into three groups according to the type of PD system used, namely single‐bag and conventional PD solutions (S+C group, N = 145), twin‐bag and conventional PD solutions (T+C group, N = 171) and twin‐bag and biocompatible PD solutions (T+B group, N = 211), and analyzed PD‐associated peritonitis incidences. Incidences of PD‐associated peritonitis (times per patient‐months) and peritonitis‐free time were 1/59.4, 1/70.6 and 1/103.1, and 52, 97, and 100 months for the S+C, T+C and T+B groups, respectively. The duration of peritonitis, has thus, become dramatically shorter in recent years. Streptococcus sp. were associated with shortest and fungi with longest durations of peritonitis. Staphylococcus sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were predominant in the S+C group. The twin‐bag system has made a greater contribution to reductions in PD‐associated peritonitis than biocompatible PD solutions. Furthermore, changes in microorganisms, antimicrobial therapies, patient education and improved PD system devices have presumably affected the reduction in the duration of peritonitis.
Implant‐supported single‐tooth restorations. A 12‐year prospective study
Authors: Donati Mauro , Ekestubbe Annika , Lindhe Jan , Wennström Jan L. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate prospectively the 12‐year outcome of implant‐supported single‐tooth restorations.Material and methodsOriginally 45 self‐tapping Astra Tech TiOblast® ST‐implants were installed by a two‐stage protocol in 40 subjects requiring single‐tooth prosthetic replacement for a missing tooth. Clinical and radiologic examinations were performed at completion of the prosthetic treatment 4–7 months after implant installation surgery and after 5 and 12 years in function.ResultsAt 12 years 31 patients and 35 implants were available for evaluation. The overall failure rate after 12 years was 10.3% on the subject level and 9.1% on the implant level. The mean bone loss amounted to 0.67 mm (SD 2.20) on a subject level and 0.47 mm (1.72) on an implant level. Three subjects (10%) and three implants (8.6%) were diagnosed with peri‐implantitis. Five subjects had experienced technical complications; three incidences of loosening of the abutment retention screw during the first 5 years and two minor porcelain fracture of the crown (two patients) between 5‐ and 12‐years of follow‐up.ConclusionThe findings reported in this 12‐year prospective case series suggest that the use of the Astra Tech dental implants may be a valid treatment alternative for single‐tooth replacement prostheses.
A Patient with Metastatic Small‐Cell Lung Cancer and Giant Right Ventricular Mass
Authors: Shah Rahman , John Elizabeth , Fan Tai‐Hwang M. , Ruff Genina , Rehan Khan M. , Holt Lee C. 
Published: November 2015

Mini‐AbstractA 62‐year‐old male presented with right‐sided weakens. His MRI of the brain showed multiple ring‐enhancing lesions consistent with metastatic disease. His chest X‐rays showed a large mass in the right upper lobe. Follow‐up chest CT showed a large lobulated mass in the upper lobe of the right lung and a large filling defect in the right ventricle. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a large mass in the right ventricle. Biopsy of the right lung mass showed small‐cell carcinoma. We concluded metastasis in the right ventricle and brain from the primary small‐cell lung cancer.
Mycelial fan formation of three sympatric Armillaria species on excised stem segments of Picea abies
Authors: Heinzelmann R. , Rigling D. 
Published: November 2015

SummaryMycelial fan formation was studied in five Armillaria cepistipes, ten A. borealis and ten diploid and six haploid A. ostoyae strains on excised stem segments of Picea abies. Stem segments were either non‐autoclaved or autoclaved, representing dying and dead wood, respectively. To confirm the identity of mycelial fans on non‐autoclaved stem segments, re‐isolations were made and isolates characterized with microsatellite markers. Mycelial fan formation on autoclaved stem segments was fast and reliable for most of the tested Armillaria strains. On non‐autoclaved stem segments, mycelial fan formation was slower, more erratic and less predictable. Mycelial fan formation was fastest in A. cepistipes closely followed by A. borealis and was slowest in A. ostoyae. For two A. cepistipes and four A. ostoyae strains (all diploid), growth rates of mycelial fans were estimated in a time course experiment. They ranged between 5.1 and 8.7 mm/day for autoclaved and between 1.4 and 4.7 mm/day for non‐autoclaved stem segments. The haploid A. ostoyae strains also formed mycelial fans on autoclaved stem segments, but typically slower and less reliably than the diploid strains. Whether haploid strains are able to produce mycelial fans on non‐autoclaved stem segments remains unknown because of accidental diploidization of the original haploid strains which was likely caused by basidiospores introduced into the study system on the non‐autoclaved stems. Overall, the method developed in this study may be useful for further investigations into the genetic, physiological and biochemical nature of mycelial fan formation in the genus Armillaria.
Parent–healthcare provider interaction during peripheral vein cannulation with resistive preschool children
Authors: Svendsen Edel Jannecke , Moen Anne , Pedersen Reidar , Bjørk Ida Torunn 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to increase understanding of parent–healthcare provider interaction in situations where newly admitted preschool children resist peripheral vein cannulation.BackgroundParent–healthcare provider interaction represents an important context for understanding children's resistance to medical procedures. Knowledge about this interaction can provide a better understanding of how restraint is used and talked about. Symbolic interactionism informed the understanding of interaction.DesignAn exploratory, qualitative study was chosen because little is known about these interactions.MethodsDuring 2012–2013, 14 naturalistic peripheral vein cannulation ‐attempts with six newly hospitalized preschool children were video recorded. Eight parents/relatives, seven physicians and eight nurses participated in this study. The analytical foci of turn‐taking and participant structure were used.ResultsThe results comprised three patterns of interactions. The first pattern, ‘parents supported the interaction initiated by healthcare providers’, was a response to the children's expressed resistance and they performed firm restraint together. The second pattern, ‘parents create distance in interaction with healthcare providers’, appeared after failed attempts and had a short time span. Parents stopped following up on the healthcare providers’ interaction and their restraint became less firm. In the third pattern, ‘healthcare providers reorient in interaction’, healthcare providers took over more of the restraint and either helped each other to continue the interaction or they stopped it.ConclusionKnowledge about the identified patterns of interactions can help healthcare providers to better understand and thereby prepare both parents and themselves for situations with potential use of restraint.
Sunflower as a trap crop for the European tarnished plant bug (Lygus rugulipennis)
Authors: Ondiaka S. , Migiro L. , Rur M. , Birgersson G. , Porcel M. , Rämert B. , Tasin M. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe European tarnished plant bug, Lygus rugulipennis (Heteroptera: Miridae), inflicts serious damage to glasshouse crops, including cucumber, in which it causes distorted foliage, dead growing points and malformed fruits. In a research involving commercial growers, we tested the possibility of using a trap crop to control L. rugulipennis. We screened the attraction of sunflower and lucerne as trap crops using an olfactometer. Adults (females and males) were more attracted to the odour of either flowering sunflower or lucerne than flowering cucumber. In a glasshouse trial, potted flowering sunflowers were evaluated as a trap crop placed at the ends of each cucumber row. Although the trap crop showed much higher attractiveness than the cucumber crop, this effect was not sufficient to provide an acceptable level of control according to the commercial growers. The growers suggested developing artificial sunflower odour as a more efficient lure for removal trapping. As a first step in this development, we tested the attraction of the headspace odour collected from sunflower in olfactometer trials. Sunflower headspace attracted a higher number of adults compared to a blank or a flowering cucumber. The sunflower odour was analysed by gas chromatography coupled to mass‐spectrometry to determine compounds possibly involved in L. rugulipennis attraction. The chemical analysis of the plant odour showed a well‐defined differentiation between sunflower and cucumber, with a number of monoterpenes released exclusively by sunflower. This, plus an emission rate from sunflower being at least four times more abundant, opens the possibility of using synthetic sunflower volatiles to attract L. rugulipennis within a cucumber background.
Polyandry and postcopulatory sexual selection in a wild population
Authors: Turnell Biz R. , Shaw Kerry L. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWhen females mate multiply, postcopulatory sexual selection can occur via sperm competition and cryptic female choice. Although postcopulatory selection has the potential to be a major force in driving evolution, few studies have estimated its strength in natural populations. Likewise, although polyandry is widespread across taxa and is the focus of a growing body of research, estimates of natural female mating rates are still limited in number. Microsatellites can be used to estimate the number of mates represented in females' sperm stores and the number of sires contributing to their offspring, enabling comparisons both of polyandry and of two components of postcopulatory selection: the proportion of males that mate but fail to sire offspring, and the degree of paternity skew among the males that do sire offspring. Here, we estimate the number of mates and sires among wild females in the Hawaiian swordtail cricket Laupala cerasina. We compare these estimates to the actual mating rates and paternity shares we observed in a semi‐natural population. Our results show that postcopulatory sexual selection operates strongly in this species: wild females mated with an average minimum of 3.6 males but used the sperm from only 58% of them. Furthermore, among the males that did sire offspring, paternity was significantly skewed. These patterns were similar to those observed in the field enclosure, where females mated with an average of 5.7 males and used the sperm from 62% of their mates, with paternity significantly skewed among the sires.
Increased proximal acid reflux is associated with early readmission following lung transplantation
Authors: Lo W.‐K. , Goldberg H. J. , Burakoff R. , Feldman N. , Chan W. W. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundGastroesophageal reflux disease has been associated with poor outcomes following lung transplantation. However, the association between pretransplant reflux and post‐transplant readmission, an indicator of early clinical outcome, has not been previously assessed.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of lung transplant recipients undergoing pretransplant multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH (MII‐pH) study off acid suppression at a tertiary care center since 2007. Subjects with pretransplant fundoplication were excluded. Time to readmission was defined as duration from post‐transplant discharge to next hospital admission for any reason. Subgroup analysis was performed to exclude elective readmissions. Time‐to‐event analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards model, with appropriate censoring.Key ResultsForty‐three subjects (60% men, mean age: 57, median follow‐up: 1.7 years) met inclusion criteria for the study. Patient demographics and pretransplant cardiopulmonary function were similar between readmission cohorts. Time to all‐cause readmission was associated with increased distal acid episodes (HR: 3.15, p = 0.04) and proximal acid episodes (HR: 3.61, p = 0.008) on impedance, increased acid exposure on pH (HR: 2.22, p = 0.04), and elevated Demeester score (HR: 2.26, p = 0.03). When elective readmissions were excluded, early readmission remained significantly associated with increased proximal acid reflux episodes (HR: 2.49, p = 0.04). All findings were confirmed on Kaplan–Meier analysis.Conclusions & InferencesElevated proximal acid reflux on pretransplant MII‐pH testing was associated with early readmission following lung transplantation, even after excluding elective readmissions. Exposure to severe acid reflux has measurable effects on early postoperative outcomes such as readmission, and aggressive early antireflux therapy should be considered.
Gastro‐esophageal reflux and antisecretory drugs use among patients with chronic autoimmune atrophic gastritis: a study with pH‐impedance monitoring
Authors: Tenca A. , Massironi S. , Pugliese D. , Consonni D. , Mauro A. , Cavalcoli F. , Franchina M. , Spampatti M. , Conte D. , Penagini R. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundPatients with chronic autoimmune atrophic gastritis (CAAG) often refer digestive symptoms and are prescribed antisecretory medications. Aims were to investigate: (i) gastro‐esophageal reflux (GER), (ii) psychopathological profile, (iii) frequency of use and clinical benefit of antisecretory drugs.MethodsProspective observational study on 41 CAAG patients who underwent: 24 h multichannel intra‐luminal impedance‐pH (MII‐pH) monitoring off‐therapy, standardized medical interview and psychological questionnaire (i.e., SCL‐90R). The medical interview was repeated at least 1 month after MII‐pH in patients who were using antisecretory drugs. Statistical analysis was performed calculating median (10th–90th percentiles) and risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence interval.Key ResultsMedian intra‐gastric pH was 6.2 (4.6–7.0). One patient had acid reflux (AC) associated with symptoms, five had increased total reflux number and four had symptoms associated to non‐acid reflux (NA) (patients referred as ‘GER positive’). Using patients ‘GER negative’ with normal SCL‐90R as reference, the RR of being symptomatic in patients GER positive was 2.1 (1.1–4.1) if SCL‐90R was normal and 0.9 (0.5–1.7) if it was altered (difference in RR significant being p = 0.04). Seventeen/28 (61%) symptomatic patients were on antisecretory drugs, which were stopped in 16 of them according to results of MII‐pH and clinical evaluation after 574 days (48–796) showed that symptoms were unchanged.Conclusions & InferencesIn patients with CAAG (i) AC reflux rarely occurred whereas increased NA reflux was not infrequent both being related to symptoms in some patients, (ii) psychopathological profile has a role in symptoms' occurrence, (iii) antisecretory drugs were generally inappropriately used and clinically ineffective.