bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perawatan Impaksi Gigi Premolar Pertama Mandibula Pada Maloklusi Angle Klas II Divisi 2 Subdivisi Dengan Teknik Be
Authors: Kusumasmara Apreka Tigor , Ardhana Wayan , Christnawati Christnawati 
Published: January 2017

Impaksi gigi terjadi karena gigi gagal untuk erupsi secara sempurna pada posisinya akibat terhalang oleh gigi lain maupun jaringan lunak atau padat di sekitarnya. Gigi yang sering mengalami impaksi adalah gigi geraham ketiga rahang bawah, gigi kaninus rahang atas, dan gigi premolar kedua. Impaksi premolar sering terjadi karena pencabutan prematur dari gig geraham desidui. Gigi premolar pertama jarang terjadi impaksi dibandingkan premolar kedua. Tujuan laporan kasus adalah untuk memaparkan penatalaksanaan perawatan untuk mengkoreksi impaksi gigi premolar pertama mandibula menggunakan alat cekat teknik Begg tanpa prosedur bedah. Pria 21 tahun mengeluhkan gigi yang berjejal pada rahang atas dan rahang bawah. Gigi kaninus desidui kiri rahang atas dan rahang bawah belum tanggal. Diagnosis pasien adalah Maloklusi Angle Klas II divisi 2 bimaksiler protrusif dengan hubungan skeletal klas II, gigi anterior maksila retrusif, disertai impaksi gigi premolar pertama mandibula kiri. Perawatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat cekat teknik Begg dan pencabutan gigi desidui, Kesimpulan, impaksi gigi premolar pertama mandibula dapat tercapai pada tahap pertama teknik Begg tanpa pendekatan tindakan bedah, tahap selanjutnya yang akan dicapai adalah tahap memperbaiki inklinasi aksial gigi.Treatment Of Class II Division 2 Angle Malocclusion With Mandibular Premolar Tooth Impaction Using Begg Technique. Tooth impaction is a tooth that fails to erupt perfectly to its position because of the other tooth, surrounding soft or hard tissue that blocks its eruption. Premolar often fails to erupt due to a premature extraction of deciduous molar. This case study aims to illustrate the treatment of mandibular first premolar impaction using Begg technique for fixed appliance. The experiment was conducted to a 21 year-old male patient who complained about his crowding of upper and lower teeth, also the persistence of his upper and lower left deciduous canine. The case was diagnosed as class II division 2 angle malocclusion with bimaxillary protrusion with class II skeletal relation, and maxillary anterior teeth retrusion. The left mandibular of first premolar teeth was impacted. The treatment using Begg technique has helped to fix the appliance with the extraction of the deciduous teeth. From the evaluation, it can be concluded that the treatment of impacted mandibular first premolar is achieved on the first stage of Begg technique without surgical approach. The next objective of the treatment is to correct the teeth axis.
Boecio: conocimiento intelectible y fundamento divino. Notas sobre el amor al bien como estructura metafísica de los entes.
Authors: Cresta Gerald 
Published: January 2017

Boethius distinguishes knowledge directed to the objects of reason (intelligible) from knowledge referring to the objects of pure thought (intellectible). This difference entails a type of knowledge understood as love to God as, on the one hand, every entity seeks the good with an ontological purpose; on the other hand, Boethius identifes the unity of God with the transcendental truth and good. The innate knowledge of God, which is the intellectible par excellence, coincides with the natural tendency oriented to the origin in which it is possible to fnd perfect happiness and beatitude.
This paper analyzes Boethius’ proposal of intellectible concepts as a contribution to a broader understanding of the transcendental concepts of being, on the basis of a participation ontology enriching the formal-categorial ontology used as the fundamentals of sciences.
Auswirkungen des Douglasienanbaus auf die Biodiversität: wichtige Forschungsfragen (Essay)
Authors: Holderegger Rolf , Bollmann Kurt , Brang Peter , Wohlgemuth Thomas 
Published: January 2017

Effects of Douglas fir cultivation on biodiversity: important research questions (essay)
Relevant scientific knowledge is still missing for a sound assessment of whether Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) can be silviculturally integrated in Switzerland without having negative effects on forest biodiversity. This includes the assessment of dispersal distances and the extent and locations of natural regeneration as well as the possible negative impacts on biodiversity of Douglas fir in different mixing ratios with other tree species. In this article, we show with what kinds of methods these research questions can be addressed.
TWO LONG-TERM INTERMITTENT PULSARS DISCOVERED IN THE PALFA SURVEY
Authors: Lyne A. G. , Stappers B. W. , Freire P. C. C. , Hessels J. W. T. , Kaspi V. M. , Allen B. , Bogdanov S. , Brazier A. , Camilo F. , Cardoso F. , Chatterjee S. , Cordes J. M. , Crawford F. , Deneva J. S. , Ferdman R. D. , Jenet F. A. , Knispel B. , Lazarus P. , Leeuwen J. van , Lynch R. , Madsen E. , McLaughlin M. A. , Parent E. , Patel C. , Ransom S. M. , Scholz P. , Seymour A. , Siemens X. , Spitler L. G. , Stairs I. H. , Stovall K. , Swiggum J. , Wharton R. S. , Zhu W. W. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery of two long-term intermittent radio pulsars in the ongoing Pulsar Arecibo L-Band Feed Array survey. Following discovery with the Arecibo Telescope, extended observations of these pulsars over several years at Jodrell Bank Observatory have revealed the details of their rotation and radiation properties. PSRs J1910+0517 and J1929+1357 show long-term extreme bimodal intermittency, switching between active (ON) and inactive (OFF) emission states and indicating the presence of a large, hitherto unrecognized underlying population of such objects. For PSR J1929+1357, the initial duty cycle was f
ON = 0.008, but two years later, this changed quite abruptly to f
ON = 0.16. This is the first time that a significant evolution in the activity of an intermittent pulsar has been seen, and we show that the spin-down rate of the pulsar is proportional to the activity. The spin-down rate of PSR J1929+1357 is increased by a factor of 1.8 when it is in active mode, similar to the increase seen in the other three known long-term intermittent pulsars. These discoveries increase the number of known pulsars displaying long-term intermittency to five. These five objects display a remarkably narrow range of spin-down power (

) and accelerating potential above their polar caps. If confirmed by further discoveries, this trend might be important for understanding the physical mechanisms that cause intermittency.
ON THE FORMATION OF A STABLE PENUMBRA IN A REGION OF FLUX EMERGENCE IN THE SUN
Authors: Murabito M. , Romano P. , Guglielmino S. L. , Zuccarello F. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
We studied the formation of the first penumbral sector around a pore in the following polarity of the NOAA Active Region (AR) 11490. We used a high spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution data set acquired by the Interferometric BIdimensional Spectrometer operating at the NSO/Dunn Solar Telescope, as well as data taken by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory satellite. On the side toward the leading polarity, elongated granules in the photosphere and an arch filament system (AFS) in the chromosphere are present, while the magnetic field shows a sea-serpent configuration, indicating a region of magnetic flux emergence. We found that the formation of a stable penumbra in the following polarity of the AR begins in the area facing the opposite polarity located below the AFS in the flux emergence region, different from what was found by Schlichenmaier and colleagues. Moreover, during the formation of the first penumbral sector, the area characterized by magnetic flux density larger than 900 G and the area of the umbra increase.
CALIBRATING COLUMN DENSITY TRACERS WITH GAMMA-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF THE ρ OPHIUCHI MOLECULAR CLOUD
Authors: Abrahams Ryan D. , Teachey Alex , Paglione Timothy A. D. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Diffuse gamma-ray emission from interstellar clouds results largely from cosmic ray (CR) proton collisions with ambient gas, regardless of the gas state, temperature, or dust properties of the cloud. The interstellar medium is predominantly transparent to both CRs and gamma-rays, so GeV emission is a unique probe of the total gas column density. The gamma-ray emissivity of a cloud of known column density is then a measure of the impinging CR population and may be used to map the k-scale CR distribution in the Galaxy. To this end, we test a number of commonly used column density tracers to evaluate their effectiveness in modeling the GeV emission from the relatively quiescent, nearby ρ Ophiuchi molecular cloud. We confirm that both H i and an appropriate

tracer are required to reproduce the total gas column densities probed by diffuse gamma-ray emisison. We find that the optical depth at 353 GHz (

) from Planck best reproduces the gamma-ray data overall, based on the test statistic across the entire region of interest, but near-infrared stellar extinction also performs very well, with smaller spatial residuals in the densest parts of the cloud.
STELLAR CLUSTERINGS AROUND “ISOLATED” MASSIVE YSOs IN THE LMC
Authors: Stephens Ian W. , Gouliermis Dimitrios , Looney Leslie W. , Gruendl Robert A. , Chu You-Hua , Weisz Daniel R. , Seale Jonathan P. , Chen C.-H. Rosie , Wong Tony , Hughes Annie , Pineda Jorge L. , Ott Jürgen , Muller Erik 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Observations suggest that there is a significant fraction of O stars in the field of the Milky Way that appear to have formed in isolation or in low-mass clusters (<100

). The existence of these high-mass stars that apparently formed in the field challenges the generally accepted paradigm, which requires star formation to occur in clustered environments. In order to understand the physical conditions for the formation of these stars, it is necessary to observe isolated high-mass stars while they are still forming. With the Hubble Space Telescope, we observe the seven most isolated massive (>8

) young stellar objects (MYSOs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The observations show that while these MYSOs are remote from other MYSOs, OB associations, and even known giant molecular clouds, they are actually not isolated at all. Imaging reveals ∼100 to several hundred pre-main-sequence (PMS) stars in the vicinity of each MYSO. These previously undetected PMS stars form prominent compact clusters around the MYSOs, and in most cases they are also distributed sparsely across the observed regions. Contrary to what previous high-mass field star studies show, these observations suggest that high-mass stars may not be able to form in clusters with masses less than 100

. If these MYSOs are indeed the best candidates for isolated high-mass star formation, then the lack of isolation is at odds with random sampling of the initial mass function. Moreover, while isolated MYSOs may not exist, we find evidence that isolated clusters containing O stars can exist, which in itself is rare.
Procedural moderate sedation with ketamine in pediatric critical care unit
Authors: Hazwani Tarek R , Alem Hala Al 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of moderate sedation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) settings according to moderate sedation protocol using ketamine and midazolam and to determine areas for the improvement in our clinical practice. Settings and Design: A retrospective study was conducted in the PICU. Materials and Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed for patients who had received moderate sedation between January and the end of December 2011 and who are eligible to inclusion criteria. Results: In this study, 246 moderate sedation sessions were included. 5.3% were in infant age, while 94.7% were children (1-14 years). Their gender distributed as 59.8% males and 40.2% females. The majority of them had hematology-oncology disease nature, i.e., 80.89% (n = 199). Lumbar puncture accounted for 65.3% (n = 160) of the producers; the rests were bone marrow aspiration 32.7%, endoscopy 8.2%, and colonoscopy 2.9%. Two doses of ketamine (1-1.5 mg/kg) to achieve moderate sedation during the procedure were given to 44.1% (n = 108) of the patients. One dose of midazolam was given to 77.2% (n = 190), while 1.22% (n = 3) of sessions of moderate sedation was done without any dose of midazolam. Adverse events including apnea, laryngeal spasm, hypotension, and recovery agitation were observed during moderate sedation sessions, and it has been noticed in four sessions, i.e., 1.6%, which were mild to moderate and managed conservatively. Conclusion: Moderate sedation in the PICU using ketamine and midazolam is generally safe with minimal side effects as moderate sedation sessions were conducted by pediatric intensivist in highly monitored and equipped environment.
Very severe spinal muscular atrophy (Type 0)
Authors: Dakhoul Suleiman Al 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis case report describes a rare phenotype of very severe spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) in a newborn who presented with reduced fetal movements in utero and significant respiratory distress at birth. The patient was homozygously deleted for exon 7 and exon 8 of the survival motor neuron gene 1. Very severe SMA should be considered in the differential diagnosis of respiratory distress at birth, and more research should be dedicated to investigate the genetic determinants of its widely variable phenotypes.
Molecular composition and volatility of isoprene photochemical oxidation secondary organic aerosol under low- and high-NOx conditions
Authors: D'Ambro Emma L. , Lee Ben H. , Liu Jiumeng , Shilling John E. , Gaston Cassandra J. , Lopez-Hilfiker Felipe D. , Schobesberger Siegfried , Zaveri Rahul A. , Mohr Claudia , Lutz Anna , Zhang Zhenfa , Gold Avram , Surratt Jason D. , Rivera-Rios Jean C. , Keutsch Frank N. , Thornton Joel A. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract. We present measurements of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from isoprene photochemical oxidation in an environmental simulation chamber at a variety of oxidant conditions and using dry neutral seed particles to suppress acid-catalyzed multiphase chemistry. A high-resolution time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-CIMS) utilizing iodide-adduct ionization coupled to the Filter Inlet for Gases and Aerosols (FIGAERO) allowed for simultaneous online sampling of the gas and particle composition. Under high-HO2 and low-NO conditions, highly oxygenated (O : C  ≥  1) C5 compounds were major components (∼ 50 %) of SOA. The SOA composition and effective volatility evolved both as a function of time and as a function of input NO concentrations. Organic nitrates increased in both the gas and particle phases as input NO increased, but the dominant non-nitrate particle-phase components monotonically decreased. We use comparisons of measured and predicted gas-particle partitioning of individual components to assess the validity of literature-based group-contribution methods for estimating saturation vapor concentrations. While there is evidence for equilibrium partitioning being achieved on the chamber residence timescale (5.2 h) for some individual components, significant errors in group-contribution methods are revealed. In addition, > 30 % of the SOA mass, detected as low-molecular-weight semivolatile compounds, cannot be reconciled with equilibrium partitioning. These compounds desorb from the FIGAERO at unexpectedly high temperatures given their molecular composition, which is indicative of thermal decomposition of effectively lower-volatility components such as larger molecular weight oligomers.
Greater soil carbon stocks and faster turnover rates with increasing agricultural productivity
Authors: Sanderman Jonathan , Creamer Courtney , Baisden W. Troy , Farrell Mark , Fallon Stewart 
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Devising agricultural management schemes that enhance food security and soil carbon levels is a high priority for many nations. However, the coupling between agricultural productivity, soil carbon stocks and organic matter turnover rates is still unclear. Archived soil samples from four decades of a long-term crop rotation trial were analyzed for soil organic matter (SOM) cycling-relevant properties: C and N content, bulk composition by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, amino sugar content, short-term C bioavailability assays, and long-term C turnover rates by modeling the incorporation of the bomb spike in atmospheric 14C into the soil. After > 40 years under consistent management, topsoil carbon stocks ranged from 14 to 33 Mg C ha−1 and were linearly related to the mean productivity of each treatment. Measurements of SOM composition demonstrated increasing amounts of plant- and microbially derived SOM along the productivity gradient. Under two modeling scenarios, radiocarbon data indicated overall SOM turnover time decreased from 40 to 13 years with increasing productivity – twice the rate of decline predicted from simple steady-state models or static three-pool decay rates of measured C pool distributions. Similarly, the half-life of synthetic root exudates decreased from 30.4 to 21.5 h with increasing productivity, indicating accelerated microbial activity. These findings suggest that there is a direct feedback between accelerated biological activity, carbon cycling rates and rates of carbon stabilization with important implications for how SOM dynamics are represented in models.
Building a Youth Development System in Kenya: Comparing Kenyan Perceptions of Local and National Systems
Authors: Allen Lawrence R. , Garst Barry A. , Bowers Edmond P. , Onyiko Kennedy K. 
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this paper is to begin a dialogue of developing a integrated and comprehensive system for youth in Kenya by identifying factors impacting the creation of a youth development system and exploring recommendations supporting and advancing such a system. The results of two collaborative assessments of the needs and strengths of Kenyan youth and the youth-serving programs based on the perspectives of practitioners, policy-makers, and scholars of youth-development are presented. The study was framed from the perspective of a systems approach to youth development in Kenya (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006; Overton & Lerner, 2012). Osgood (2012) identifies four steps for developing a systems approach for serving the needs of youth: (1) self-assessment, (2) goal identification, (3) planning, and (4) networking. The first step, self-assessment, was initiated through a SWOT analysis with two different groups of youth development professionals across a 2-year period (2014-2015). The 2014 SWOT analysis presented the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats related to developing a youth development system from a national level, whereas the 2015 SWOT analysis focused on these same factors but from a more local level of youth development programs and services. The results of these two analyses are presented and initial recommendations for building a more integrated and comprehensive youth development system in Kenya are presented. The need for further input and investigation is also discussed. This is a correction to the original article. For information about the changes made, please see the erratum http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2017.498.
A Church, University, and Extension: A Partnership for Creating Healthy Youth and Healthy Living
Authors: Webster Nicole , Smith Jr. Maurice D. 
Published: January 2017

Within many urban communities, there has been a steady decline in healthy living practices among minority families. This decline is often due to the lack of health services and health knowledge of youth and adults (Shirley, Roark, & Lewis, 2012). In order to better reach these particular audiences it has been suggested by scholars and practitioners to focus on community based programming. Partnerships formed through entities such as universities and community organizations have been shown to be quite successful in creating healthier families. This paper discusses one such program focused on increasing health knowledge of urban families. Activities offered included health screenings and healthy living programming for youth. Program results showed that nearly 95% of youth found the activities informative and gave them ways to think about their health and the health of their families.
Evaluation of the Health Rocks! Program: The Association of Youth Engagement with Program Outcomes
Authors: Xia Yan , Taylor Sarah , De Guzman Maria Rosario T. 
Published: January 2017

This evaluation research examined the relationship between program process and program outcome, specifically, youth engagement in the national 4-H Council Health Rocks! program and their program outcomes. Based on program evaluation surveys completed after the program by participants, youths’ engagement in the program was associated with their gains in knowledge and skills about substance use, and personal assets related to avoiding risks. When youth participants find a program interesting, are actively engaged in the program, and find the program staff friendly, they benefit more from the program. Findings underscore the importance of engaging curriculum and friendly staff to the success of extension or afterschool youth programs. The evaluation method may offer an example of balancing rigor of evaluation design and feasibility of implementing an evaluation.
POEMS Syndrome: a case report and review
Authors: Nisar Tosia , Parr David G. 
Published: January 2017

POEMS syndrome is a rare multi-system condition that arises from an underlying plasma cell disorder. We report a case of a 69-year-old lady who presented with symptoms of exertional breathlessness and leg swelling, and a recent history of peripheral neuropathy, borderline diabetes mellitus and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The development of worsening right heart failure, which remained refractory despite diuretic therapy, pulmonary hypertension, organomegaly, hypothyroidism, chronic kidney disease, right pleural effusion and ascites, did not lead to a definitive diagnosis until cutaneous abnormalities were recognised. A presumptive diagnosis of POEMS was subsequently confirmed with the finding of raised serum levels of VEGF and bone marrow histopathology. Our case highlights the complex nature of this multi-system syndrome, the potential for delayed diagnosis and the importance of an integrated sub-specialty approach to management.
Negatieve rente op consumentenspaarsaldo een Europese no-go?
Authors: Spanjaard J.H.M. 
Published: January 2017

Negatieve rente op consumentenspaarsaldo een Europese no-go?
In veel bankvoorwaarden wordt de spaarrente als positieve spaarrente gepresenteerd: de bank betaalt een spaarrente aan de consument. In toenemende mate, daartoe gedreven door ontwikkelingen op de kapitaalmarkt, zijn banken zich aan het voorbereiden op het heffen van negatieve spaarrente. Dit wil zeggen dat de consument aan de bank rente moet betalen over zijn spaarsaldo. Aan de hand van de Richtlijn Oneerlijke bedingen in consumentenovereenkomsten wordt onderzocht of banken überhaupt een negatieve rente mogen heffen.
Partij-invloed op het intreden of vervallen van voorwaarden
Authors: Stolz H. 
Published: January 2017

Partij-invloed op het intreden of vervallen van voorwaarden
In de rechtspraktijk vormen ontbindende en opschortende voorwaarden een vaak gebruikte rechtsfiguur bij overeenkomsten. Veelal hebben partijen bij een overeenkomst een vorm van invloed op het toekomstige intreden of vervallen van een dergelijke voorwaarde. Deze partij-invloed wordt door het recht in beginsel aanvaard en is derhalve als breed uitgangspunt ook mogelijk. Op dit uitgangspunt bestaan echter twee beperkingen: de vaak veronderstelde onmogelijkheid van (vormen van) potestatieve voorwaarden en de redelijkheid en billijkheid die leiden tot toepassing van artikel 6:23 BW. Onderzocht wordt in welke gevallen deze beperkingen van de partij-invloed toepassing vinden en welke mogelijkheden bestaan om met deze beperkingen contractueel om te gaan.