bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Greening offshore wind with the Smart Wind Chart evaluation tool
Authors: Soukissian Takvor , Reizopoulou Sofia , Drakopoulou Paraskevi , Axaopoulos Panagiotis , Karathanasi Flora , Fraschetti Simona , Bray Laura , Foglini Federica , Papadopoulos Anastasios , De Leo Francesco , Kyriakidou Chara , Voukouvalas Evangelos , Papathanassiou Evangelos , Boero Ferdinando 
Published: March 2016

Abstract. The development of offshore wind farms (OWFs) and the establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs) comprise two main elements for the production of clean energy, and the simultaneous maintenance and protection of biodiversity in the Mediterranean and Black seas. Successful, efficient, and sustainable coupling of these two aspects presumes that the criteria for selecting suitable locations for the deployment of OWFs should not only include technical-engineering terms (e.g. high wind energy efficiency, bottom suitability, inland infrastructures) but also ecological–environmental considerations (e.g. the least possible impact on biodiversity, ecosystem functioning) and socio-economic aspects (e.g. effects on coastal and marine activities, development of marine spatial planning). In the context of the FP7 CoCoNet project, the integration between OWFs and MPAs is based on four main steps: (i) the identification of existing (networks of) MPAs focusing on the biodiversity distribution patterns and current legislation, (ii) the coupling of offshore wind potential within networks of MPAs, (iii) the evaluation of the knowledge gained up to date and the theoretical approaches at the two pilot sites of the Mediterranean and Black sea basins, and (iv) the development of the "Smart Wind Chart", a convenient and rational tool addressed to scientists and policy makers for the evaluation of maritime policy management schemes. The latter step comprises the core of this work.
Determination of Narasin in Chicken Fat: A Bridging Study Comparing the Bioautographic Method (FSIS CLG Method R22) to a Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method (AOAC Method 2011.24)
Authors: Mizinga Kemmy M , Burnett Thomas J , Brunelle Sharon L , Wallace Michael A , Coleman Mark R 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Lilly Method AM-AA-CA-R108-AB-755, which is substantially the same as U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) Chemistry Laboratory Guidebook (CLG) method R22, is the current regulatory method for determining narasin in cattle and chicken tissues and is based on bioautography, creating a zone of inhibition of bacterial growth, with the size of the zone correlating to the amount of narasin extracted from the tissue. AOAC Method 2011.24 is an LC-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method for determining narasin content from bovine, swine, or chicken tissues. It has many advantages over the regulatory method, including higher throughput, less solvent use, no use of carbon tetrachloride, a wider method range, inclusion of swine tissues, and it is less labor intensive. In this study, AOAC Method 2011.24 was compared to FSIS CLG method R22 for the determination of narasin in chicken abdominal fat. Fortified chicken-fat samples ranging from 20 to 960 ng/g and incurred chicken-fat samples ranging from 40 to 480 ng/g were assayed by both methods in triplicate. Mean accuracies for the two methods were similar, 77–110% for CLG R22 and 84–96% for AOAC Method 2011.24, and the method results showed a linear correlation. The methods differed in precision, however, with the CLG R22 method yielding 2.6–34% RSD and AOAC Method 2011.24 yielding 0.15–6.4% RSD. It is recommended that AOAC Method 2011.24–granted AOAC Official MethodSM Final Action status—be adopted as the official U.S. regulatory method.
Validation of the RIDASCREEN®FAST Milk Kit
Authors: Weiss Thomas , Lacorn Markus , Flannery Jonathan , Benzinger M Joseph , Bird Patrick , Crowley Erin S , Goins Dave , Agin James R , Gilani Sarwar , Poepping Bert , Garber Eric 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The RIDASCREEN®FAST Milk test is a sandwich ELISA for the rapid quantification of milk proteins in various foods. The specific antibodies target casein and β-lactoglobulin. Samples are extracted and can then be analyzed in less than 40 min. The calibration curve covers a range from 2.5 to 67.5 mg/kg milk protein. The assay was validated with cookies, infant formula, chocolate dessert, ice cream, and sausages. All negative samples were found well below the LOQ of 2.5 mg/kg. Recoveries of the spiked samples were mostly in the range of 80–120%. The LOD of the ELISA was found below 1 mg/kg. The analysis of 39 different substances of interest revealed that no cross-reactivity above the LOQ occurred. Ruggedness testing proved that variations in incubation temperature, reagent volume, incubation time, extraction temperature, and extraction time had no significant influence. The stability at 4–8°C of three independent lots was investigated and found to exceed 18 months. Very good lot-to-lot consistency and no significant loss of the analytical capacity over the shelf life were observed. Incurred cookies and chocolate dessert samples were prepared and analyzed by an independent laboratory; mean recoveries of 94.4 and 102.2% and mean SDs of 10.9 and 6.3%, respectively, were found. For the 0 mg/kg level for both materials, all samples tested returned values of &lt;2.5 mg/kg. Therefore, the analytical performance claims of the manufacturer were confirmed.
Análise da demanda de vagas na educação superior como principio de formação docente no munícipio de Paço do Lumiar / Analysis of job demand for vancancies in higher education as a principle of teacher training in city of Paço do Lumiar
Authors: Dias Walquiria Pereira da Silva , Dias Julio França 
Published: March 2016

<p>Ao considerar os desafios inerentes à educação, a formação docente apresenta-se enquanto tema em constante discussão. Assim sendo, refletir acerca da qualidade dos cursos oferecidos é essencial para a construção sólida das bases formativas dos profissionais atuantes no mercado de trabalho. Nesse contexto, o munícipio de Paço do Lumiar, devido ao desenvolvimento populacional e de infraestrutura, tem apresentado um aumento na demanda de vagas de cursos superiores. Desse modo, esta produção aborda a relação da oferta/demanda de vagas com a qualidade dos cursos voltados à formação docente, no munício luminense. Para tanto, os embasamentos teóricos, a partir da análise de dados e documentos, fixaram-se na legislação, na história da educação superior no Brasil e no panorama atual da educação básica de Paço Lumiar. A presente pesquisa concretizou-se no Instituto Superior Franciscano (IESF), instituição de referência na localidade, junto aos graduandos de pedagogia, a partir de entrevistas e questionários. Destarte, este estudo é oriundo das inquietações dos autores acerca da educação, a qual possui com um de seus pilares a formação de profissionais competentes e qualificados.</p><p><strong>Palavras-Chave</strong>: educação, desenvolvimento social, formação docente, qualidade.</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Considering the challenges of education, teacher training is presented as a subject in constant discussion. Therefore, reflecting on the quality of the courses offered is essential to the solid construction of the training bases of professionals working in the job market. In this context, the city of Paço do Lumiar, due to population development and infrastructure, has shown an increase in demand for higher education places. Thus, this production approaches the relationship of supply / demand for vacancies with the quality of courses focused on teacher training, in this city. Therefore, the theoretical grounds, from the data and document analysis, were fixed in legislation in the history of higher education in Brazil and the current situation of basic education in Paço do Lumiar. This research has been made at the Franciscan Institute (IESF), a reference institution in the town, with pedagogy of graduate students, by interviews and questionnaires. Thus, this study arises from the concerns of the authors about education, which has one of its pillars with the formation of competent and qualified professionals.</p><p><strong>Keywords : </strong>education, social development, teacher training, quality.</p><p> </p>
O sabor do pinhão e as paisagens de uma região contestada e silenciada / The savor of pinhão and the landscapes of a contested and silenced region
Authors: Fraga Nilson Cesar , Silveira Heitor Matos 
Published: March 2016

<p>Na relação entre sabor e saber, buscamos no presente artigo discutir o sabor do pinhão e as paisagens criadas pelas sapecadas do pinhão numa região que historicamente e politicamente foi e é silenciada. A paisagem será tomada tanto como é uma <em>marca</em>, pois expressa uma civilização, mas é também uma <em>matriz</em>, porque participa dos esquemas de percepção, de concepção e de ação. Essa paisagem do Contestado, construída pelos saberes e sabores, marcada profundamente pelos caboclos e que participa dos esquemas de percepção e ação deles em sua existência e sobrevivência, tornando-se uma matriz, é o cerne da discussão em tela.</p><p><strong>Palavras–chave:</strong> Geografia dos Sabores; Paisagem; Pinhão; Região do Contestado (SC/PR)</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>In the relation between savor and knowledge, we aim in the present paper discuss the savor of pinion and the landscapes created by the sapecada of pion in a region that has been silenced historically and politically. The landscape will be comprehended such as a mark, because it express a civilization, but it’s also a matrix, because it participates in the schemes of perception, conception and action. This landscape of Contestado, builded by the savors and knowledge, profoundly marked by the caboclos and that participates of their perception and action schemes in its existence and survival, becoming an stamp, is the core of the discussion here realized.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Geography of Savors; Landscape; Pinhão; Contestado’s Region (SC/PR)</p><p> </p>
Áreas malditas: a estigmatização de espaços urbanos / Damn areas: the stigmation of urban spaces
Authors: Vale Ciro , Maciel Tania 
Published: March 2016

<p>Existem áreas urbanas que se apresentam no imaginário coletivo como zonas de significado obscuro e inquietador, sendo, portanto, espaços desvalorizados socialmente, tais como asilos, cemitérios, necrotérios, hospitais, presídios, lixões, albergues e zonas de prostituição, e que são vistas como “áreas malditas”, apesar de serem ligadas a realidades inalienáveis da vida social como a morte, a loucura, a velhice, a criminalidade, o lixo e o erotismo. Neste artigo, interessou-nos investigar, especificamente, o espaço dos cemitérios e das zonas de prostituição. Segundo nossa hipótese, a “maldição” que tais áreas carregam se ligaria ao fato de que elas são associadas à morte, seja ela física ou simbólica. Para isso, recorremos a um referencial teórico que contempla as características de tais espaços.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave:</strong> áreas malditas, estigmatização, espaço.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>There are urban areas that present in the collective imagination as dark and disquieting meaning zones, and is therefore socially devalued spaces, such as nursing homes, cemeteries, morgues, hospitals, prisons, garbage dumps, hostels and prostitution zones and which are seen as "cursed areas", despite being linked to inalienable realities of social life and death, madness, old age, crime, garbage and eroticism. In this article, we were interested in investigating specifically the space of cemeteries and prostitution zones. According to our hypothesis, the "curse" that carry such areas would bind to the fact that they are associated with death, whether physical or symbolic. For this, we used a theoretical framework that includes the characteristics of such spaces.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: damned areas, stigmatization, space.</p><p> </p>
Intervenção urbana e uso do solo na Zona Sul do Recife: análise sobre as transformações urbanas dos bairros do Pina e Boa Viagem / Urban intervention and land use in the area south of Recife: analysis of the urban transformations of the (...)
Authors: Da Silva Cleiton Ferreira 
Published: March 2016

<p>Ao longo dos últimos cinquenta anos, diversas cidades brasileiras sofreram um processo intenso de crescimento urbano, decorrente, principalmente, dos investimentos econômicos e industriais, tanto privados como estatais, além do próprio crescimento populacional. O resultado é que alguns desses espaços tornaram-se o <em>locus</em> do desenvolvimento e, ao mesmo tempo, da exclusão urbana, desencadeando uma série de contradições socioespaciais. O trabalho objetiva analisar de que forma ocorreu o processo de uso e ocupação do solo urbano e as consequentes políticas de intervenção desencadeadas sistematicamente nos bairros do Pina e de Boa Viagem, especialmente em sua orla, mostrando como estes processos resultaram em implicações negativas para o ambiente costeiro praial.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Palavras-chave: </strong>Urbanização, Uso do Solo,<strong> </strong>Projetos Urbanos, Implicações Ambientais.<strong> </strong></p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Over the last fifty years, many brazilian cities have a intense process of the urban growth, mainly due to economic and industrial investments, both private and state, besides himself population growth. The result is that some of these spaces become the <em>locus</em> of development and at the same time, urban exclusion, triggering a series of contradictions sociospacials. The study aims to analyze how was the process of use and occupation of urban land and the consequent intervention policies systematically unleashed in the neighborhoods Pina and Boa Viagem, especially in its edge, showing how these processes resulted in negative implications for the coastal beach environment.</p><p> </p><strong>Keywords:</strong>Urbanization, Land Use, Urban Projects, Environmental Implications<p> </p><p> </p>
Fenômenos geofísicos, captados a partir de sensores orbitais: estimativa de temperatura na superfície de Garanhuns-PE / Geophysical phenomena, obtained from orbital sensors: estimation of temperature on the surface in Garanhuns-PE
Authors: De Melo Felippe Pessoa , Souza Rosemeri Melo e , Amador Maria Betânia Moreira 
Published: March 2016

<p>A presente pesquisa teve como finalidade realizar uma análise multitemporal, da termodinâmica da superfície de Garanhuns-PE. Para tanto, utilizou-se as geotecnologias do Sensoriamento Remoto e Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG). Juntamente com as imagens oriundas do satélite Landsat 5, sensor TM, banda 6, referentes aos anos de 1987, 2001 e 2010. Disponibilizadas pelo Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE). A base vetorial, foi disponibilizada pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Sendo assim, foi possível confeccionar um banco de dados georreferenciados e geocronológicos, o qual, viabilizou o mapeamento temático. Possibilitando, compreender o comportamento térmico dos alvos no transcorrer do tempo. Dados esses que são de suma importância para traçar medidas de mitigação dos efeitos antropogênicos na paisagem. Logo, ficou evidenciado que a maximização das médias termais no transcorrer das décadas, foram reciprocas aos processos antropogênicos</p><p> </p><p><strong>Palavras–chave:</strong> termodinâmica, geotecnologias, mapeamento temático, mitigação.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>This research aimed to realize a multi-temporal analysis, the surface of thermodynamics in Garanhuns-PE. For this, it used the geotechnologies of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Along with the images coming from the Landsat 5 satellite, TM sensor, band 6, referring to the years 1987, 2001 and 2010. Disclosed by the National Institute for Space Research (INPE). The vector base, was available by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Thus, it was possible to confection a georeferenced database and geochronological, which, enabled the thematic mapping. Making it possible to understand the thermal behavior of the targets in the course of time. These data are of paramount importance to draw mitigation measures of the anthropogenic effects in the landscape. Soon, it was evident that the maximization of the hot medium in the course of decades, were reciprocal to anthropogenic processes.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: garbage collectors, recycling, working conditions, Association.</p><p> </p>
Obesity Determines the Immunophenotypic Profile and Functional Characteristics of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Adipose Tissue
Authors: Pachón-Peña Gisela , Serena Carolina , Ejarque Miriam , Petriz Jordi , Duran Xevi , Oliva-Olivera W. , Simó Rafael , Tinahones Francisco J. , Fernández-Veledo Sonia , Vendrell Joan 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAdipose tissue is a major source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which possess a variety of properties that make them ideal candidates for regenerative and immunomodulatory therapies. Here, we compared the immunophenotypic profile of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) from lean and obese individuals, and explored its relationship with the apparent altered plasticity of hASCs. We also hypothesized that persistent hypoxia treatment of cultured hASCs may be necessary but not sufficient to drive significant changes in mature adipocytes. hASCs were obtained from subcutaneous adipose tissue of healthy, adult, female donors undergoing abdominal plastic surgery: lean (n = 8; body mass index [BMI]: 23 ± 1 kg/m2) and obese (n = 8; BMI: 35 ± 5 kg/m2). Cell surface marker expression, proliferation and migration capacity, and adipogenic differentiation potential of cultured hASCs at two different oxygen conditions were studied. Compared with lean-derived hASCs, obese-derived hASCs demonstrated increased proliferation and migration capacity but decreased lipid droplet accumulation, correlating with a higher expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-II and cluster of differentiation (CD) 106 and lower expression of CD29. Of interest, adipogenic differentiation modified CD106, CD49b, HLA-ABC surface protein expression, which was dependent on the donor's BMI. Additionally, low oxygen tension increased proliferation and migration of lean but not obese hASCs, which correlated with an altered CD36 and CD49b immunophenotypic profile. In summary, the differences observed in proliferation, migration, and differentiation capacity in obese hASCs occurred in parallel with changes in cell surface markers, both under basal conditions and during differentiation. Therefore, obesity is an important determinant of stem cell function independent of oxygen tension.SignificanceThe obesity-related hypoxic environment may have latent effects on human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) with potential consequences in mature cells. This study explores the immunophenotypic profile of hASCs obtained from lean and obese individuals and its potential relationship with the altered plasticity of hASCs observed in obesity. In this context, an altered pattern of cell surface marker expression in obese-derived hASCs in both undifferentiated and differentiated stages is demonstrated. Differences in proliferation, migration, and differentiation capacity of hASCs from obese adipose tissue correlated with alterations in cell surface expression. Remarkably, altered plasticity observed in obese-derived hASCs was maintained in the absence of hypoxia, suggesting that these cells might be obesity conditioned.
Prendre la puissance économique au sérieux : jalons pour une appréhension relationnelle des contrats au sein des réseaux de production
Authors: Martin Isabelle 
Published: March 2016

L’éclatement de la firme en réseaux pose un défi au niveau de l’encadrement juridique des relations de production qui s’y nouent : les contractants ne jouissent pas des protections qui accompagnent les contrats de travail malgré des inégalités de puissance économique souvent importantes. Le présent article propose donc que les contrats de production soient appréhendés à partir de la théorie relationnelle du contrat de Ian R. Macneil afin de mieux tenir compte de la réalité de l’organisation en réseaux. L’adoption de cette théorie heurte cependant deux présupposés du droit contractuel : celui de l’égale autonomie des contractants et celui de l’efficience des contrats librement consentis. Si ces présupposés sont fortement défendus par l’analyse économique du droit d’inspiration néoclassique, de récentes théories économiques remettent en question leur adéquation. Nous exposerons ces théories et verrons qu’elles apportent une théorisation de la puissance économique indispensable à une appréhension relationnelle des contrats.
Thermoelectric power factor performance of Bi85Sb15/graphene composite
Authors: El-Asfoury Mohamed S. , Nasr Mohamed N. A. , Nakamura Koichi , Abdel-Moneim Ahmed 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Composite materials based on Bi85Sb15 with commercial graphene (Gr) nanoparticles have been synthesized by mechanical alloying and hot isostatic pressing. The effect of different amount of Gr nanoparticles (x = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08 wt %) on the thermoelectric properties of (Bi85Sb15)1−

x
Gr
x
composite was investigated. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were carried out for the structure characterization of the composites. Transport properties, including electrical resistivity, Seebeck coefficient, and calculated power factor, were investigated and their variations were discussed with regard to microstructures in the temperature range of 173–373 K. Resistivity significantly declines in the sample with x = 0.04 wt % Gr, and the enhancement was 7% at 230 K and reached about 7.6% at room temperature. With 0.08 wt % Gr, a high absolute value of the Seebeck coefficient was observed. The power factor reaches its maximum of 3.7 × 10−3 W·m−1·K−2 with x = 0.08 wt % at 173 K. The results reflect that this synthesis process can be a powerful method of obtaining homogeneous Bi–Sb thermoelectric composite materials rapidly and at low cost. In addition, the demand for uniform coherent composites was significant because of their high-performance transport properties.
Changes in morphology and local conductance of GeTe–Sb2Te3 superlattice films on silicon observed by scanning probe microscopy in a lithography mode
Authors: Bolotov Leonid , Tada Tetsuya , Saito Yuta , Tominaga Junji 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Changes in the morphology and conductance state of [(GeTe)2(Sb2Te3)] superlattice (SL) films on Si(100) caused by external voltage were investigated by multimode scanning probe microscopy (MSPM) and scanning probe lithography (SPL) at room temperature in vacuum. After SPL patterning at a write voltage exceeding a threshold value, grain-dependent changes in transverse film conductance appeared in the MSPM current maps at a low voltage. Specific details of the conductance state switching were dependent on the film growth process. In uniform films grown in a two-step process, a threshold voltage of 1.6 V and a minimum switching power of ∼15 pW were obtained for conductance switching activated by high-energy electrons injected from the probe. Above 3.0 V, thermally driven regrowth of the SL films was observed. The results demonstrate a simple and appropriate method of optimizing topological SL films as recording media without device fabrication.