bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Translational profiling of microglia reveals artifacts of cell sorting
Authors: Kang Silvia S. , Baker Kelsey E. , Wang Xuewei , Kocher Jeanne-Pierre , Fryer John D. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMicroglia are the resident innate immune population of the central nervous system that constantly survey and influence their local environment. Transcriptomic profiling has led to significant advances in our understanding of microglia in several disease states, but tissue dissociation and purification of microglia is known to lead to cellular activation. Here we use RiboTag translational RNAseq profiling to demonstrate that commonly used cell sorting methods lead to a fundamental alteration of the microglial transcriptome, with several transcripts that can be used to mark artifacts of isolation. Microglial RiboTag RNAseq profiling after peripheral immune challenge with lipopolysaccharide demonstrates unique transcriptional targets that are not evident using cell sorting methodology. Finally, we applied our technique to reveal novel shared and distinct pathways when comparing microglial transcriptomes after peripheral challenge with bacterial or viral mimetics. This study has broad implications for approaches that examine microglial transcriptomes in normal and pathological states.SummaryKang et al. demonstrate artifactual induction of microglial transcripts associated with cell sorting. Using RiboTag translational profiling methodology, several markers of cell sorting artifact were revealed. Furthermore, RiboTag isolation unveiled changes in microglial transcriptomes following systemic inflammation that would otherwise have been masked by artifacts of cell sorting.
DeepMetabolism: A Deep Learning System to Predict Phenotype from Genome Sequencing
Authors: Guo Weihua , Xu You (Eric) , Feng Xueyang 
Published: May 2017

AbstractLife science is entering a new era of petabyte-level sequencing data. Converting such “big data” to biological insights represents a huge challenge for computational analysis. To this end, we developed DeepMetabolism, a biology-guided deep learning system to predict cell phenotypes from transcriptomics data. By integrating unsupervised pre-training with supervised training, DeepMetabolism is able to predict phenotypes with high accuracy (PCC>0.92), high speed (<30 min for >100 GB data using a single GPU), and high robustness (tolerate up to 75% noise). We envision DeepMetabolism to bridge the gap between genotype and phenotype and to serve as a springboard for applications in synthetic biology and precision medicine.
Factors that impact the success of an organizational change: a case study analysis
Authors: Appelbaum Steven H. , Cameron Aleksey , Ensink Floris , Hazarika Jahnabi , Attir Raid , Ezzedine Rouba , Shekhar Varsha 
Published: May 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors that impact the success of an organizational change within an organization under study.Design/methodology/approachFive hypotheses were developed to investigate independent variables as possible factors affecting employees’ commitment to change. The research is based on a three-step process consisting of a literature review and field research through survey and interviews. The literature review served to establish an important foundation for understanding the problem. The field research involved employees taking part in the change completing a survey. Individual interviews were also conducted with management level employees actively involved in the change process. The paper is an empirical-based case analysis.FindingsThe results demonstrate that employees’ commitment to change, in this organization, can be improved through increasing formal and informal communication, creating adaptive organizational systems and enhancing the role of transformational leaders during the change.Research limitations/implicationsSample size was affected due to the limited availability of employees during a specific organizational cycle. Increased sample size would allow further investigation about employees’ commitment to change. Additional research could be done on how the company’s systems and practices can be adapted to change.Practical implicationsThe success of a change project is critical for its future strategy and major project implementation. It is crucial that a systematic process be followed to implement this change. It is suggested that the John Kotter’s “eight” step change management model be adopted as a framework to the implementation plan.Social implicationsNew behaviors are subject to degradation if they are not ingrained in social norms and shared values, i.e. if they do not become part of the culture. Managers emphasized that, even though they are creating a new team, they recognize the importance not to create a “Monster” or a new alien culture. Leaders must make sure that all new behaviors required for the integration become part of the existing culture.Originality/valueThe paper provides insight in some of the factors that lead to a successful organizational change and team integration. The paper recommends four steps to address communication, organizational systems and culture to improve employees’ commitment to change.
CSR perception: a global opportunity in management education
Authors: Saxena Manisha , Mishra Dharmesh K. 
Published: May 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the perceived relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate effectiveness (CE) amongst undergraduate and post-graduate students in India and Mauritius. The paper explores the differences in perception of CSR and CE w.r.t profitability, long-term success and short-term success between the different student groups.Design/methodology/approachThis paper explores past studies done by researchers and practitioners and uses a survey method for data collection amongst students in India and Mauritius.FindingsSet in the context of current ethical and business challenges facing business leaders, the paper provides insights and recommendations on the perceived relationship between CSR and CE. Recommendations have been provided for leveraging the perception of CSR amongst students as they aspire to become future business leaders.Research limitations/implicationsResearchers and practitioners are encouraged to explore and test the proposals further in different contexts and countries.Practical implicationsThe paper suggests that the research reinforces the relationship between CSR and CE in the context of business and current student perception globally.Social implicationsManagement students are future managers and the study of their perception towards social responsibility has a lot of bearing on their future decision making with respect to these issues.Originality/valueThis paper highlights the different student views on CSR and CE in India and Mauritius and will encourage future researchers and organizations to further expand on this perception.
Performance of SOEs: evidence on Botswana Telecommunications Corporation
Authors: Mbo Mbako , Adjasi Charles 
Published: May 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate fundamental performance drivers in a state-owned enterprise (SOE) in the context of organizational theories.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on a case analysis investigating how several factors, considered in the context of organizational theories, have combined to influence sustained performance at the Botswana Telecommunications Corporation (BTC). The study analyses both quantitative and qualitative data pertaining to an 18-year period from 1995 to 2012.FindingsThe paper supports the widely held view that agency and resource-based theories explain good performance, but challenges the popular view that political influence is always self-interest driven. A concept of positive public choice, under which such influence is driven by stakeholder interests and sustainability emerges. The case reveals that a selective approach to stakeholders defined how BTC crafted its good performance in a politically conducive environment.Practical implicationsBased on the research findings, a framework unifying political intervention with stakeholder interests needs to be developed and formalized with a link to SOE objectives. The framework would have clear performance measures linked to it, adequately monitored under a governance structure constituted from well-incentivized boards and managers with adequate strategic corporate resources under their control. The paper proposes such a framework.Originality/valueThe paper reveals an unexplored area of potential research, i.e. a positive public choice perspective under which societal interests are modeled with enterprise sustainability through political processes often blamed for poor performance.
Unmasking the factors behind income inequalities in Ghana
Authors: Danquah Michael , Ohemeng Williams 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to examine the extent and trends of income inequality as well as the contribution of household and community-level factors in explaining inequality within north and south in Ghana.

Design/methodology/approach
The study employs both descriptive and regression methods. The study adopts the methodology by Fields (2002) to assess the importance of household and community attributes in explaining the level of inequality within the north and the south.

Findings
The findings of the study show that household characteristics such as urban location, no education, public and private formal economic activities, and not covered by National Health Insurance Scheme are major determinants of inequality within the north and the south. Specifically, within the north, the 20-34 year age group is the most prominent contributor to inequality. Within the south, the most important determinant of inequality is the completion of junior high school. The contribution of community-level features shows that, within the north, access to banks is the most vital factor to inequality, whereas within the south, access to electricity and public transport is the most important community factor.

Practical implications
The study provides an understanding of the underlying household and community factors driving the observed inequality patterns within the north and the south in Ghana. Policy options are identified for achieving the sustainable development goals.

Originality/value
The study uses the latest round of the Ghana Living Standards survey, GLSS 6, which covers new data on a nationally representative sample of 18,000 households in 1,200 enumeration areas.
Understanding usage of Internet of Things (IOT) systems in China
Authors: Dong Xuebing , Chang Yaping , Wang Yawei , Yan Jun 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to answer “Why do Chinese consumers use IOT systems?” and “Do consumers’ cognitive and affect experiences moderate the relationship between psychological perception factors and perceived usefulness?”

Design/methodology/approach
In-depth interview with consumers and experts had been conducted and then the perceived psychological factors that influence perceived usefulness had been summarized. Based on a survey test of 337 smart home users, this study applies partial least squares technique analysis to test the research model.

Findings
The research results show that perceived psychological factors (perceived ease of use, perceived intelligence, perceived convenience and perceived privacy risk) have significant effect on the intention and behavior of IOT systems usage through perceived usefulness. Cognitive experience moderates the relationship between perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, perceived privacy risk and perceived usefulness; affect experience moderates the relationship between perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness.

Research limitations/implications
The current study mainly tested the antecedents of consumers’ usage of IOT systems, and the outcome of using the system was not investigated. Future research can examine the outcome (e.g. satisfaction, perceived value) by using the expectation-confirmation theory.

Originality/value
This study provides a useful insight into the key driving factors in consumers’ intention and behavior of using IOT systems. The previous studies over IOT systems have not observed consumers’ perception of IOT systems, but in fact IOT systems are being applied to more and more personal users.
Entrepreneurial university: towards a better understanding of past trends and future directions
Authors: Mascarenhas Carla , Marques Carla Susana , Galvão Anderson Rei , Santos Gina 
Published: May 2017

PurposeThis study aims to explore and analyse the literature, related to the Entrepreneurial University, published in the ISI Web of Science, from 1900 to present. The objectives of this paper are, first, to describe how this field of research is organised in terms of publications, authors and sources (i.e. documents), and, second, to identify the main references cited and ways in which they are grouped (i.e. clusters). In addition, this paper discusses how this literature presents challenges. Namely, from this bibliometric study, what has already been studied and the limits of these studies, as well as the research opportunities for this area, can be understood.Design/methodology/approachThe documents obtained from a search of the ISI Web of Science were subjected to a bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer software.FindingsA systematic literature review showed that universities are increasingly dedicated to the commercialisation of knowledge. The results include three clusters: Cluster one – “Entrepreneurial Universities” focuses on changes in the university paradigm; Cluster two – “Academic Entrepreneurship” refers to the commercialisation of knowledge; and Cluster three – “Creation of Technology-Based Companies” focuses on spin-off creation.Originality/valueBy studying the citation profile of documents on the entrepreneurial university, this study has contributed to a better understanding of the flow of production and scientific practices since the beginning of the 21st century. This study also examined research tendencies to identify the emergent areas of this field.
Entrepreneurial universities: the role of communities, people and places
Authors: Ratten Vanessa 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to introduce the special issue about entrepreneurial universities. The paper focuses on the reasons for their importance in global communities.

Design/methodology/approach
The literature about entrepreneurial universities is reviewed with a focus on the role of communities, people and places.

Findings
Entrepreneurial universities need to consider the people in society in terms of how they relate to learning, education and teaching about new ideas and business practices.

Research limitations/implications
It is important in the increasingly connected global economy that universities be seen as the drivers of the entrepreneurial society, which helps place people at the centre of educational communities.

Practical implications
This paper has suggestions for educational managers and business people interested in connecting with entrepreneurial universities and their place in the society.

Originality/value
This value of this paper is that it includes the main ideas from the special issue in terms of how entrepreneurial universities are fostering a connected society that places people, places and communities at the forefront of the change.
Organizational capital, intellectual capital and cost stickiness (evidence from Iran)
Authors: Mohammadi Ali , Taherkhani Parastoo 
Published: May 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the relationship between organizational capital and the subsets of organizational capital (intellectual capital (IC)) cost and cost stickiness.Design/methodology/approachThis study is causal correlational research. The data related to the company’s financial statements were collected using the Rahavard Novin Software andwww.rdis.ir. In this study, panel data were run with the use of Eviews 8, in order to test the hypotheses. The ordinary least-squares method is used in this study to estimate the parameters of the model.FindingsThe results obtained from the study show that there is a significant relationship between organizational capital and cost stickiness. However, there is no significant difference between high and low rank in terms of organizational capital and cost stickiness. In addition, there is a significant difference between IC and cost stickiness. Moreover, there is no significant difference between the components of IC and cost stickiness. Also, IC has an effect on the intensity of the relationship between organizational capital and cost stickiness.Originality/valueThis study explores the relationship between organizational capital and the subsets of IC and cost stickiness. Independent variables used in this study include organizational capital, IC and its components in the Pulic model, i.e. the efficiency of capital employed, the efficiency of human capital and the efficiency of structural capital.
Performance measurement, intellectual capital and financial sustainability
Authors: Jordão Ricardo Vinícius Dias , Almeida Vander Ribeiro de 
Published: May 2017

PurposeOne of the main contemporary challenges in organisations is finding ways of measuring their intellectual capital (IC), and its effects on competitiveness and financial sustainability. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the influence of IC on the long-term financial performance of Brazilian companies.Design/methodology/approachConsidering that previous studies have not been able to explain the role of IC in financial sustainability (measured by long-term corporate performance), this paper attempts to fill this gap by means of a quantitative, descriptive and applied study. Based on the theories of knowledge management, accounting and finance, the authors have undertaken a study of the companies listed on the BM&FBovespa, based on secondary data, using a multi-industrial cut, over the period 2005 to 2014, using descriptive and multivariate statistics.FindingsThe analysis supports three major conclusions: IC influences positively the profitability and corporate return of these companies; the more intangible-intensive public companies listed on the BM&FBovespa demonstrate higher financial sustainability than the others, in terms of profitability and corporate return, either individually, globally or by industry; and that IC helps increase financial performance, systematically, over time.Research limitations/implicationsContributions of the following types were sought: theoretical (increasing an understanding of the effects of IC on business performance from a long-term perspective – an understanding that is still only incipient in the management literature); and empirical (increasing an understanding of the role of IC in the differentiation of companies, in organisational profitability and on the return on applications of resources).Practical implicationsThe original proposal for the measurement of financial performance presented in this paper proved to be valid and consistent, complementing what is known about the subject under examination, contributing to the improvement of management theory and practice and providing a competitive benchmarking process. This can make it possible for company analysts or managers to evaluate their company in relation to its industry or its market as a whole by means of such indicators, individually or combined with other quantitative or qualitative metrics.Originality/valueThe results of this research reduce a gap in the management and accounting literature, as they shed light on the performance measurement process. In addition to the range and depth of the statistical tests carried out, attention should be drawn to the originality of the proposal presented in this paper. This facilitates the measurement of the effects of IC on financial performance through the selection and application of specific indicators for the assessment of the contribution of IC to organisational results.
Knowledge management and intellectual capital in networks of small- and medium-sized enterprises
Authors: Jordão Ricardo Vinícius Dias , Novas Jorge Casas 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a theoretical-conceptual model supporting the analysis of the effects of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) networks on knowledge management (KM) and intellectual capital (IC).

Design/methodology/approach
The paper reviews literature on KM, IC and networks theories. The role of SMEs networks on KM and IC was discussed, analysing previous studies that supported the proposition of the model in question. In such model SMEs networks are seen as knowledge networks which are analysed in terms of the network formation process, the context, the strategy, the organisational culture and the stimuli for the sharing of knowledge. KM is observed in terms of knowledge creation, systematisation and sharing. Finally, IC encompasses human capital, structural capital and relational capital. It is noteworthy that KM and IC were considered deeply and closely related.

Findings
The conclusions obtained help to fill an important gap in the management, accounting, KM and IC literature, showing that the processes of creating, acquiring, maintaining, systematising and sharing information and knowledge and IC generation in SMEs networks can be influenced by the network formation process, by the organisational context, as well as by the strategy, organisational culture and stimuli to sharing knowledge.

Research limitations/implications
The paper provides a theoretical contribution by increasing understanding of the effect of SMEs networks on KM and IC practices – an understanding still at the early stages in the literature. Moreover, the originality of the model proposed extends the relevance of this research, as the literature does not contain a sufficiently established and tested approach that simultaneously provides a clear view of the relations between SMEs, networks, KM and IC, highlighting how SMEs can use networks as a strategy to achieve a more effective management of the knowledge assets forming IC. So, the paper offers several avenues for future research.

Practical implications
Based on previous empirical research, it was perceived that the original model presented in this paper is consistent, collaborating to improve management practice, providing a competitive benchmarking process. This can allow analysts, managers and other decision makers, by using SMEs networks to improve organisational performance, innovation, sustainability, competitiveness and value.

Originality/value
The paper presents an innovative theoretical-conceptual model focussed on the role of SMEs networks on KM and IC, indicating a strong link between the former and the latter in such enterprises in terms of performance, innovation, sustainability, competitiveness and value, an issue whose understanding, although quite relevant, is still incipient in the literature.