bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Statistical Graphical Model of the California Reservoir System
Authors: Taeb A. , Reager J. T. , Turmon M. , Chandrasekaran V. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe recent California drought has highlighted the potential vulnerability of the state's water management infrastructure to multiyear dry intervals. Due to the high complexity of the network, dynamic storage changes in California reservoirs on a state‐wide scale have previously been difficult to model using either traditional statistical or physical approaches. Indeed, although there is a significant line of research on exploring models for single (or a small number of) reservoirs, these approaches are not amenable to a system‐wide modeling of the California reservoir network due to the spatial and hydrological heterogeneities of the system. In this work, we develop a state‐wide statistical graphical model to characterize the dependencies among a collection of 55 major California reservoirs across the state; this model is defined with respect to a graph in which the nodes index reservoirs and the edges specify the relationships or dependencies between reservoirs. We obtain and validate this model in a data‐driven manner based on reservoir volumes over the period 2003–2016. A key feature of our framework is a quantification of the effects of external phenomena that influence the entire reservoir network. We further characterize the degree to which physical factors (e.g., state‐wide Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), average temperature, snow pack) and economic factors (e.g., consumer price index, number of agricultural workers) explain these external influences. As a consequence of this analysis, we obtain a system‐wide health diagnosis of the reservoir network as a function of PDSI.
Template Curvature Influences Cell Alignment to Create Improved Human Corneal Tissue Equivalents
Authors: Gouveia Ricardo M. , Koudouna Elena , Jester James , Figueiredo Francisco , Connon Che J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTo accurately create corneal stromal equivalents with native‐like structure and composition, a new biofunctionalized, curved template is developed that allows the precise orientation of cells and of their extracellular matrix. This template is the first demonstration that curvature alone is sufficient to induce the alignment of human corneal stromal cells, which in turn are able to biofabricate stromal tissue equivalents with cornea‐like shape and composition. Specifically, tissues self‐released from curved templates show a highly organized nanostructure, comprised of aligned collagen fibrils, significantly higher expression of corneal stroma‐characteristic markers keratocan, lumican, decorin, ALDH3, and CHST6 (p = 0.012, 0.033, 0.029, 0.003, and 0.02, respectively), as well as significantly higher elastic modulus (p = 0.0001) compared with their planar counterparts. Moreover, curved tissues are shown to support the growth, stratification, and differentiation of human corneal epithelial cells in vitro, while maintaining their structural integrity and shape without any supporting carriers, scaffolds, or crosslinking agents. Together, these results demonstrate that corneal stromal cells can align and create highly organized, purposeful tissues by the influence of substrate curvature alone, and without the need of additional topographical cues. These findings can be important to further understand the mechanisms of corneal biosynthesis both in vitro and in vivo.
Recent Advances in Sensing Applications of Graphene Assemblies and Their Composites
Authors: Tung Tran Thanh , Nine Md J. , Krebsz Melinda , Pasinszki Tibor , Coghlan Campbell J. , Tran Diana N. H. , Losic Dusan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDevelopment of next‐generation sensor devices is gaining tremendous attention in both academia and industry because of their broad applications in manufacturing processes, food and environment control, medicine, disease diagnostics, security and defense, aerospace, and so forth. Current challenges include the development of low‐cost, ultrahigh, and user‐friendly sensors, which have high selectivity, fast response and recovery times, and small dimensions. The critical demands of these new sensors are typically associated with advanced nanoscale sensing materials. Among them, graphene and its derivatives have demonstrated the ideal properties to overcome these challenges and have merged as one of the most popular sensing platforms for diverse applications. A broad range of graphene assemblies with different architectures, morphologies, and scales (from nano‐, micro‐, to macrosize) have been explored in recent years for designing new high‐performing sensing devices. Herein, this study presents and discusses recent advances in synthesis strategies of assembled graphene‐based superstructures of 1D, 2D, and 3D macroscopic shapes in the forms of fibers, thin films, and foams/aerogels. The fabricated state‐of‐the‐art applications of these materials in gas and vapor, biomedical, piezoresistive strain and pressure, heavy metal ion, and temperature sensors are also systematically reviewed and discussed, and their sensing performance is compared.
Hierarchical Porous NC@CuCo Nitride Nanosheet Networks: Highly Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting and Selective Electrooxidation of Benzyl Alcohol
Authors: Zheng Jian , Chen Xianlang , Zhong Xing , Li Suiqin , Liu Tianzhu , Zhuang Guilin , Li Xiaonian , Deng Shengwei , Mei Donghai , Wang Jian‐Guo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHighly active and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting are important for clean and renewable energy technologies. The development of energy‐saving electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by replacing the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with a thermodynamically favorable electrochemical oxidation (ECO) reaction has attracted increasing attention. In this study, a self‐supported, hierarchical, porous, nitrogen‐doped carbon (NC)@CuCo2Nx/carbon fiber (CF) is fabricated and used as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for both HER and OER in alkaline solutions with excellent activity and stability. Moreover, a two‐electrode electrolyzer is assembled using the NC@CuCo2Nx/CF as an electrocatalyst at both cathode and anode electrodes for H2 production and selective ECO of benzyl alcohol with high conversion and selectivity. The excellent electrocatalytic activity is proposed to be mainly due to the hierarchical architecture beneficial for exposing more catalytic active sites, enhancing mass transport. Density functional theoretical calculations reveal that the adsorption energies of key species can be modulated due to the synergistic effect between CoN and CuN. This work provides a reference for the development of high‐performance bifunctional electrocatalysts for simultaneous production of H2 and high‐value‐added fine chemicals.
External‐Field‐Induced Gradient Wetting for Controllable Liquid Transport: From Movement on the Surface to Penetration into the Surface
Authors: Li Yan , He Linlin , Zhang Xiaofang , Zhang Na , Tian Dongliang 
Published: October 2017

AbstractExternal‐field‐responsive liquid transport has received extensive research interest owing to its important applications in microfluidic devices, biological medical, liquid printing, separation, and so forth. To realize different levels of liquid transport on surfaces, the balance of the dynamic competing processes of gradient wetting and dewetting should be controlled to achieve good directionality, confined range, and selectivity of liquid wetting. Here, the recent progress in external‐field‐induced gradient wetting is summarized for controllable liquid transport from movement on the surface to penetration into the surface, particularly for liquid motion on, patterned wetting into, and permeation through films on superwetting surfaces with external field cooperation (e.g., light, electric fields, magnetic fields, temperature, pH, gas, solvent, and their combinations). The selected topics of external‐field‐induced liquid transport on the different levels of surfaces include directional liquid motion on the surface based on the wettability gradient under an external field, partial entry of a liquid into the surface to achieve patterned surface wettability for printing, and liquid‐selective permeation of the film for separation. The future prospects of external‐field‐responsive liquid transport are also discussed.
Morphology‐Induced TiO2 Bandgap Change for Super Rapid Treatment of Dye Wastewater under Visible Light
Authors: Qu Ruixiang , Liu Na , Chen Yuning , Zhang Weifeng , Zhu Guoxiang , Zhang Qingdong , Feng Lin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA novel morphology‐induced TiO2 nanowire‐based mesh with visible light catalytic ability and super wetting behavior is successfully fabricated by a simple hydrothermal reaction. Combined the special wettability and the excellent photoelectric property of TiO2 nanowires, such material can realize reusable oil removal and soluble dye molecules degradation under visible light within 30 s. It is believed that the special nanowire morphology reduces the bandgap of TiO2 from 3.18 to 2.07 eV, and the composite of Cu(OH)2 substrate provides the material with higher light absorption efficiency, changing the catalytic degradation condition of dye from original UV light to visible light. Such material expands the application of traditional semiconductor oxide, owns outstanding prospect to be used in industrial wastewater treatment and drinking water purification, and provides a brand new method for combining catalytic and environmental chemistry.
Investigating the minimal clinically important difference for SNOT‐22 symptom domains in surgically managed chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Chowdhury Naweed I. , Mace Jess C. , Bodner Todd E. , Alt Jeremiah A. , Deconde Adam S. , Levy Joshua M. , Smith Timothy L. 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundPrior work has described 5 domains within the 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcomes Test (SNOT‐22) that allow for stratification of symptoms into similar clusters and that can be used to direct therapy. Although the outcomes of various interventions on these symptom domains have been reported, minimal clinically important difference (MCID) values have not been investigated, which has limited clinical interpretation of these results.MethodsThis study was designed as a secondary analysis of a prospective, multi‐institutional, observational cohort. A total of 276 patients with medically refractory CRS who underwent surgical management were enrolled. Distribution‐based methods (half‐standard deviation, standard error of measurement, Cohen's d, and the minimum detectable change) were used to compute MCID values for both SNOT‐22 total and domain scores. The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 6D (SF‐6D) health utility score was used to operationalize anchor‐based associations using receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsThe mean MCID of several distribution‐based methods for total SNOT‐22 scores was 9.0, in agreement with previously published metrics. Average MCID values for the rhinologic, extranasal rhinologic, ear/facial, psychological, and sleep domain scores were 3.8, 2.4, 3.2, 3.9, and 2.9, respectively. Anchor‐based approaches with the SF‐6D did not have strong predictive accuracy across total SNOT‐22 scores or domains (ROC areas under‐the‐curve ≤ 0.71), indicating weak associations between improvement in SNOT‐22 scores and health utility as measured by the SF‐6D.ConclusionThis estimation of MCID values for the SNOT‐22 symptom domains allows for improved clinical interpretation of results from past, present, and future rhinologic outcomes research.
Herstellung von funktionalisierten Diaryl‐ und Diheteroaryl‐Lanthanreagenzien mittels eines schnellen Halogen‐Lanthan‐Austausches
Authors: Benischke Andreas D. , Anthore‐Dalion Lucile , Berionni Guillaume , Knochel Paul 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAusgehend von Aryl‐ und Heteroarylhalogeniden (X=Br, I) erlaubt nBu2LaMe einen schnellen und praktischen Halogen‐Lanthan‐Austausch, welcher zu funktionalisierten Diaryl‐ und Diheteroaryl‐Lanthanderivaten führt. Deren anschließende Abfangreaktionen mit ausgewählten Elektrophilen, wie Ketonen, Aldehyden oder Amiden, gelangen reibungslos bei −50 °C in THF, und polyfunktionalisierte Alkohole und Carbonylderivate wurden erhalten. Kinetische Vergleichsexperimente zeigen einen ähnlichen Reaktivitätsverlauf wie bei einem Br‐Mg‐Austausch, jedoch machen um 106 höhere Austauschgeschwindigkeiten ihn eher vergleichbar mit einem Br‐Li‐Austausch.
Reactions and microstructure evolution in Al2O3‐Al system in vacuum
Authors: Feng Yue Bin , Zhang Xiao , Yang Bin , Yang Bao Min , Chen Zhen 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe reactions and microstructure evolution in Al2O3‐Al system were researched through the experiments at a temperature range of 1,573–1,773 K in vacuum, along with thermodynamic analysis. The X‐ray diffraction and the scanning electron microscope were used to characterize the residues and the condensates. The results demonstrated that Al2O3 and Al reacted to form gaseous Al2O, and then the gaseous Al2O disproportionated into Al2O3 and Al with the decrease in temperature, which constituted the condensates together with the condensed Al from Al vapor. The residual Al2O3 and Al were transformed into the composite powders consisting of the interconnected Al2O3 flakes coated with Al, and the Al2O3 in the condensates were not coated by Al even at the condensation temperature up to about 1,523 K. It was deduced that the reaction between Al2O3 and molten Al should be the key factor leading to their bonding in vacuum.
Recyclable and Intrinsically Anti‐cyanobacterial Polyanionic Membranes
Authors: Sun Zhe , Liu Xin , Guo Jiangna , Xu Dan , Shen Songdong , Yan Feng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCyanobacteria blooms possess serious threats to water resources. Herein, we report the synthesis of polyanionic membranes (PA‐M) by in situ photo‐crosslinking of a sulfate‐based anionic monomer followed by cation‐exchange with metal cations, Fe3+ (PA‐Fe), Cu2+ (PA‐Cu), or Zn2+ (PA‐Zn). The effect of cations on the anti‐cyanobacterial activities against both Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) and Anabaena flos‐aquae (A. flos‐aquae) was investigated. All the prepared metal‐containing membranes (PA‐Fe, PA‐Cu, PA‐Zn) exhibit high anti‐cyanobacterial activities and long‐term anti‐cyanobacterial stability, demonstrating that the synthesized PA‐M membranes can be used as an effective and safe inhibitor to control cyanobacterial blooms.
Shank3‐deficient rats exhibit degraded cortical responses to sound
Authors: Engineer Crystal T. , Rahebi Kimiya C. , Borland Michael S. , Buell Elizabeth P. , Im Kwok W. , Wilson Linda G. , Sharma Pryanka , Vanneste Sven , Harony‐Nicolas Hala , Buxbaum Joseph D. , Kilgard Michael P. 
Published: October 2017

Individuals with SHANK3 mutations have severely impaired receptive and expressive language abilities. While brain responses are known to be abnormal in these individuals, the auditory cortex response to sound has remained largely understudied. In this study, we document the auditory cortex response to speech and non‐speech sounds in the novel Shank3‐deficient rat model. We predicted that the auditory cortex response to sounds would be impaired in Shank3‐deficient rats. We found that auditory cortex responses were weaker in Shank3 heterozygous rats compared to wild‐type rats. Additionally, Shank3 heterozygous responses had less spontaneous auditory cortex firing and were unable to respond well to rapid trains of noise bursts. The rat model of the auditory impairments in SHANK3 mutation could be used to test potential rehabilitation or drug therapies to improve the communication impairments observed in individuals with Phelan‐McDermid syndrome. Autism Res 2018, 11: 59–68. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryIndividuals with SHANK3 mutations have severely impaired language abilities, yet the auditory cortex response to sound has remained largely understudied. In this study, we found that auditory cortex responses were weaker and were unable to respond well to rapid sounds in Shank3‐deficient rats compared to control rats. The rat model of the auditory impairments in SHANK3 mutation could be used to test potential rehabilitation or drug therapies to improve the communication impairments observed in individuals with Phelan‐McDermid syndrome.
Effectiveness of current policing‐related mental health interventions: A systematic review
Authors: Kane Eddie , Evans Emily , Shokraneh Farhad 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundThere are three commonly used mental health interventions associated with policing: liaison and diversion, street triage and having specialist staff embedded in police contact control rooms. Crisis intervention teams (CITs), already used in the USA, are now attracting wider interest, including in the UK. Investment in these interventions is growing, so it is important to have evidence of their effectiveness.AimTo conduct a systematic literature review to answer questions about effectiveness of police‐mental health service models for responding to people with mental disorder and suspected offending or public safety problems.MethodsA population/participant, intervention/indicator, comparator/control, outcome (PICO) framework was developed and keywords used to locate research studies within 29 databases. The 3179 results returned were screened by two researchers against preset inclusion and exclusion criteria. This resulted in 23 studies being included from which were taken the study methodology and findings and on which a narrative synthesis was conducted.ResultsTwenty‐three studies could be included, overall showing a positive impact of the interventions considered, but no well‐designed randomised controlled trials to test this optimistic view rigorously.ConclusionsOverall, rather than indicating that one approach is more effective than another, the review points to the need for a multi‐faceted approach within a structured and integrated model, such as the CIT model. This is generally not the current pattern of interventions, and policy makers, service commissioners and providers may wish to review future options. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Insight into the Role of Pd State on Pd‐Based Catalysts in o‐Xylene Oxidation at Low Temperature
Authors: Wang Yafei , Zhang Changbin , He Hong 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPd‐based catalysts are long known to be efficient for catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), but the effect of the Pd state on the activity remains controversial. In this study, we prepared a series of Pd supported on Co3O4, MnO2, CeO2, TiO2, Al2O3, SiO2 catalysts. The as‐prepared catalysts were pretreated by NaBH4 and H2 reduction, respectively, and then tested towards o‐xylene oxidation. The samples were next characterized to investigate how the Pd state and the support type affect the catalytic activity. The test and characterization results clearly show that the metallic Pd species is much more active than the Pd oxide species for o‐xylene oxidation at low temperatures, independent of the presence of reducible oxides as supports. Furthermore, NaBH4 pretreatment could avoid undesired support reduction; thus, it is a more appropriate method than H2 reduction for the preparation of supported metallic noble‐metal catalysts.
In Situ Synthesis of Li2S‐Loaded amphiphilic Porous Carbon and Modification of the Li2S Electrode for Long‐Life Li2S Batteries
Authors: Wang Can , Cai Wenlong , Li Gaoran , Liu Binhong , Li Zhoupeng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA strategy to construct amphiphilic inner surfaces with hydrophilic N, S−O and C−S−C sites in porous carbon is presented for applications in Li2S batteries. The amphiphilic porous carbon (APC) with high wettability, specific surface area, and polysulfide (PS) absorption ability is obtained through the pyrolysis of a glucose−thiourea resin with a nano‐CaCO3 template. Furthermore, a Li2S‐loaded APC is developed in which Li2SO4 is employed instead of CaCO3. Li2SO4 is not only a reactant for Li2S production, but also functions as a template to form mesopores. Sulfur blending in the Li2S electrode successfully improves the electrode activation. The initial capacity decay is suppressed significantly after the Li2S electrode is modified with a protective layer composed of polyethylene oxide and polybenzimidazole. The first discharge capacity reaches 1082 mAh g−1 Li2S (equivalent to 1554 mAh g−1 S). The resultant Li2S battery exhibits excellent cyclability. A discharge capacity as high as 565 mAh g−1 is retained after 300 cycles at a discharge rate of 0.5 C. A rate capacity of 376 mAh g−1 is achieved at 5 C.
Photoresponsive Electrodes Modified with DNA Duplexes Possessing a Porphyrin Dimer
Authors: Takada Tadao , Iwaki Toshihiro , Nakamura Mitsunobu , Yamana Kazushige 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis work describes the formation of a porphyrin (Por) dimer using a DNA duplex as a scaffold and photocurrent generation from electrodes modified with a monolayer of Por–DNA conjugates. The solid‐phase click reaction between an azide‐porphyrin and oligonucleotide labeled with an ethynyl group on CPG support was utilized to conjugate the Por to the DNA. UV/Vis absorption and circular dichroism (CD) spectral studies revealed that the Por dimer can be formed through DNA hybridization and that through‐space electronic interactions, characterized from the exciton‐coupled absorption and the bisignate CD, can occur between the two Por molecules. Photoelectrochemical experiments were performed for the electrodes functionalized with a monolayer composed of the Por–DNA conjugates. It was found that the Por dimer on the electrode, which was designed to resemble the special pair in natural photosynthesis, shows efficient photocurrent generation in the presence of electron‐acceptor reagents compared with the Por monomer. These findings strongly support the idea that the DNA structures could be useful to construct Por arrays, which is essential for the design of photo‐ and bio‐electronic devices.
Structure and Function of Human Tyrosinase and Tyrosinase‐Related Proteins
Authors: Lai Xuelei , Wichers Harry J. , Soler‐Lopez Montserrat , Dijkstra Bauke W. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMelanin is the main pigment responsible for the color of human skin, hair and eye. Its biosynthesis requires three melanogenic enzymes, tyrosinase (TYR), and the tyrosinase‐related proteins TYRP1 and TYRP2. The difficulty of isolating pure and homogeneous proteins from endogenous sources has hampered their study, and resulted in many contradictory findings regarding their physiological functions. In this review, we summarize recent advances on the structure and function of TYR and TYRPs by virtue of the crystal structure of human TYRP1, which is the first available structure of a mammalian melanogenic enzyme. This structure, combined with tyrosinase structures from other lower eukaryotes and mutagenesis studies of key active site residues, sheds light on the mechanism of TYR and TYRPs. Furthermore, a TYRP1‐based homology model of TYR provides a high‐quality platform to map and analyze albinism‐related mutations, as well as the design of specific antimelanogenic compounds. Finally, we provide perspectives for future structure/function studies of TYR and TYRPs.
A Facile and Green Method for the Synthesis of SFE Borosilicate Zeolite and Its Heteroatom‐Substituted Analogues with Promising Catalytic Performances
Authors: Luo Yi , Wang Zhendong , Sun Junliang , Wang Yingying , Jin Shaoqing , Zhang Bin , Sun Hongmin , Yang Weimin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSynthesis of SFE‐type borosilcate zeolite was successfully carried out using a commercially available low‐cost organic structure directing agent (OSDA) with ultra‐low OSDA and water contents within a short crystallization time. Heteroatom (Al, Ti, V, or Fe)‐substituted SFE‐type zeolite analogues were also directly synthesized for the first time. The obtained Al containing zeolites exhibited promising catalytic performances in the disproportionation of isopropylnaphthalene.