bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alar slope angle —an alternative perspective for measuring the transsacral screw bone corridor
Authors: Zhao Peishuai , Hoan Nguyen Quoc , Ji Ying , Wang Ning , Huang Jianjia , Ke Jinghui , Li Liang , Bei Chaoyong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective: Transsacral screws are commonly utilized in clinical settings for addressing vertical instability injuries of the posterior pelvic ring and fragility fractures in elderly patients. Nevertheless, the potential stenosis of the bone corridor resulting from dysmorphism in the upper sacral segment poses challenges in the insertion of S1 through the transsacral screw, increasing the risk of significant complications such as screw misalignment and neurovascular injury. The purpose of this study was to more effectively identify whether the sacrum was deformed by reformatting CT scan, as well as search for novel indications for predicting the possibility of the S1 segment being fixed with transsacral screws and guiding the selection of appropriate internal fixations.
Questions/purposes: (1) which imaging features have a greater correlation with sacral dysmorphism? (2) whether the sacral wing slope angle can be utilized as a new imaging feature to aid in the determination of sacral dysmorphism? (3) whether the S2 transsacral screw-bone corridor can be used as an alternative when the S1 transsacral screw-bone corridor is restricted?
Patients and Methods: Pelvic Computed Tomography (CT) data from 106 normal individuals (65 males and 41 females) was imported into Mimics software, which generated a virtual representation of the pelvic outlet view in order to identify seven qualitative markers of sacral dysmorphism. The distance between the bilateral iliac spine line and the upper endplate of S1(D-IS) as well as the left and right alar slope angles (LASA/RASA) on the coronal plane, were measured as new measurement indicators after the CT scan plane parallel to the posterior border of S1 was reformatted. On the basis of a standard sacrum lateral view and a three-dimensional virtual model of the pelvis, the maximal circle diameter of the transverse bone corridor of S1 and S2 (MCD-S1/MCD-S2) has been calculated. Sacral dysmorphism was classified as an MCD-S1 measurement of less than 8 mm.
Results: Out of the total cases, 46 (43.40%) were classified as having sacral dysmorphism. The sacral dysmorphism group had a significantly higher angle than the normal sacral group, and there was a statistical difference between the two groups (p<0.001), as well as different LASA/RASA values (12.71±5.57 vs. 27.00±3.86, 13.95±5.36 vs. 27.93±3.82, respectively). The study of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed that the LASA/RASA values for sacral dysmorphism were 21.08 (with a sensitivity of 0.93 and specificity of 0.98) and 21.09 (with a sensitivity of 0.98 and specificity of 0.92), respectively.
Conclusion: When the angle of the alar slope exceeds 21 degrees, it is suggested to consider oblique iliosacral screw fixation or S2 transsacral screws fixation due to the narrowing of the bone corridor.
Clinical Characteristics and Survival of Patients With De Novo Metastatic Prostate Cancer Treated With Androgen Deprivation Therapy and Taxane-based Chemotherapy in Uganda: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bakenga Alex , Natukunda Barbra , Okuku¹ Fred , Mubiru Kelvin Roland , Kakungulu Edward , Kyagulanyi Eddy , Orem¹ Jackson 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men worldwide. Mortality is highest among patients in resource-limited settings, in part due to late-stage disease. Among patients with metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa), studies have shown significant improvement in overall survival with the use of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and taxane-based chemotherapy. However, outcome data among patients treated with chemo-endocrine therapy are scarce in many resource-limited settings (RLSs). The aim of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics and 5-year overall survival (OS) of patients with de novo mPCa treated at the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI).
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2015 and 2019, and the data of patients with histologically confirmed prostate cancer and radiological evidence of metastasis were reviewed. Data on clinical and laboratory characteristics, overall survival, and predictors of survival were extracted. P<0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.
Results: A total of 300 patients were enrolled over the 5-year study period. The median age was 68 (IQR 61.5-74) years. At presentation, lower urinary tract symptoms were reported in nearly all patients (96.7%, n=290), and 40% (n=120) of patients had grade 5 histological scores. In addition to receiving ADT, the majority of patients (70.3%, n=211) received at least 6 cycles of chemotherapy. Overall survival at one year was 92.4% (95% CI: 88.6%-94.9%), but it declined to 45.2% (95% CI: 36.8%-53.2%) at 5 years. A high Gleason score, the presence of visceral metastasis and receiving <6 cycles of chemotherapy were predictors of poor outcomes.
Conclusion: Patients with de novo mPCa in Uganda present with high histologic grades and high baseline PSA levels but have improved 5-year overall survival with a combination of chemotherapy and ADT as a first-line treatment. We recommend interventions to reduce late presentation and prospective studies to evaluate treatment efficacy in this population.
Human poisonings with neonicotinoid pesticides – frequency and severity show public health risks, regulatory failures
Authors: Sass Jennifer B. , Raichel Daniel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background - Neonicotinoid pesticides (‘neonics’) – imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, acetamiprid, dinotefuran - are the most widely used class of insecticides in the world. They have a neurotoxic mechanism of action, similar to nicotine. They are detected in food, waterways, tap water, and breast milk. In addition to environmental pollution, neonics are the pesticides most frequently reported as associated with human poisonings. Methods - We make use of the non-occupational human pesticide poisoning reports in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) online Incident Data System (IDS). Note that IDS reports are predominantly self-reported information of varying and often low level of detail and are not routinely validated or verified by EPA. Results - We reviewed 842 non-occupational human poisoning incidents associated with neonics in the IDS from 2018 through 2022. There are four human fatality reports, two associated with clothianidin and two with acetamiprid. Major illnesses such as seizures were reported in several cases, including with dinotefuran cockroach bait product, and an imidacloprid lawn product. Moderate poisonings make up 88% of the total poisonings (740 of 842), with most of those associated with imidacloprid (547 incidents) or dinotefuran (102 incidents). Common reported symptoms classified as moderate often included two or more of the following: headaches; dizziness; lethargy; eye or throat irritation; skin itching and rash; chemical burns and skin peeling; face swelling; muscle weakness or tremors; vomiting; diarrhea; pain and tightness in chest; open sores; and general pain. These incidents stem mainly from residential uses, such as lawn and garden insect repellents, home pest treatments for bed bugs or roaches, and products used to treat pets for fleas and ticks. Conclusion - Given the evidence of neurotoxicity, EPA should use its legal authority to cancel unsafe products and unnecessary uses – including from seed treatments, and residential pet and lawncare products - to prevent further human suffering.
Adipocytokine levels in Chronic Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus after Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy
Authors: Abraham Dax , Puri Aakansha , Gupta Alpa , Duraisamy Arun Kumar , Mrinalini Mrinalini , Malhotra Rajeev Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective: A thorough meta-analysis was used to assess the levels of 4 adipocytokines in the gingival crevicular fluid(GCF) of individuals with chronic periodontitis (CP) linked to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT).
Sources: PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost databases were exhaustively searched.
Study selection: The three databases and Gray literature were searched for studies that fit the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Joanna Briggs Criteria were used to assess the study's level of quality. The meta-analysis was performed for the GCF levels of adipocytokines and clinical parameters clinical attachment level(CAL), gingival index(GI), periodontal Index(PI), periodontal probing depth(PPD) to further analyze the effect of the NSPT on the same. After thoroughly reviewing the full texts, abstracts, and removal of duplicates, seventeen papers were identified and included for systematic analysis. Upon further critical evaluation, only seven publications qualified for the meta-analysis. The levels in the test and control groups were analyzed using meta-analysis since the results were in mean + standard deviation.
Conclusion: The results indicate that nonsurgical periodontal therapy significantly reduces the levels of adipocytokines in GCF of patients with CP and T2DM. Further, there is a significant improvement in the clinical parameters of periodontal disease after NSPT.
Effect of an Educational Program on Nurses’ Level of Knowledge about Pain Assessment and Management: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Alomari Hussein , Allobaney Nabeel F. , Swallmeh Esmat , Macaaly Rosario A. , AL-Husban Raya Yousef 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background Pain is universally acknowledged as one of the most distressing experiences individuals encounter, often leading to significant psychological and physical implications. Effective pain management is essential in healthcare, and it is imperative that nursing professionals possess the requisite knowledge and skills to assess and manage pain effectively. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a structured educational program on nurses' performance levels in pain assessment and management.
Methods A quasi-experimental, one-group pre- and post-test intervention design was used to facilitate this investigation. The research was conducted in the inpatient medical and surgical units in a main tertiary governmental hospital in Jordan. A total of 106 male and female nurses who provided direct nursing care in medical and surgical wards voluntarily participated in the study. Two instruments were utilised for data collection. A questionnaire was designed to assess nurses' knowledge regarding pain assessment and management, and an observational checklist was used to evaluate the practical application of pain management techniques by nurses.
Results The study focused on a sample predominantly comprising female nurses, most of whom held a Bachelor of Science in Nursing degree and had 2–5 years of clinical experience. Notably, 88.7% of participants had not previously attended educational sessions centred on pain assessment and management. Following an educational intervention, statistical analysis revealed a significant improvement in the mean knowledge scores (P<0.001). Furthermore, all dimensions of nursing practices related to pain management showed statistically substantial enhancement after the training, demonstrating a strong correlation between knowledge and practice levels before and after the educational program.
Conclusion The educational program's implementation resulted in more thanhalf of the participating nurses achieving a commendable level of knowledge and satisfactory practices in pain assessment and management. This underscores the program's effectiveness in enhancing both theoretical knowledge and practical skills. It is recommended that nursing professionals engage in ongoing training and educational opportunities focused on pain assessment and management to further refine their competencies and improve patient outcomes.
AI for Enhancing Psychiatric Outcomes in Clinical Practice
Authors: Singh Dharmendra , Alex Cijo , Mathew Philip , Varghese Saritha Susan , Sharma Natwar , Pattanaik Priya Ranjan , Borthakur Rajlakshmi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The study assessed the effectiveness of an AI-enabled platform called Xaant (pronounced as ‘Shaant’) for automatically identifying Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Depressive Disorder, Mixed State (co-morbid anxiety and depressed state) and the Neutral State in a clinical setting. By utilizing non-invasive sensors to monitor the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS), the Xaant Platform analyzed 15-minute rest-state data from 170 participants, generating comprehensive mental health reports, predicting the subjects’ Current Medical Condition (CMC). The platform’s diagnostic outcomes were compared with those of Principal Investigators (PIs) and the subjects’ self-reported assessments. An agreement of 91.23% between the platform’s and PIs findings were recorded, with a strong inter-rater reliability (κ = 0.838). Significant differences in physiological markers between the control and the subject groups provided objective support for the platform’s diagnostic abilities. The results indicate that AI tools like Xaant can serve as a valuable complement to traditional clinical assessments, potentially enhancing diagnostic accuracy and improving patient outcomes in clinical practice.
Energy-efficient and reliable coordinated scheduling for water distribution systems: enhancing hydraulic conditions and water quality
Authors: Xie Yifan , Wu Yipeng , Jin Ye , Li Yuxian , Zhao Bei , Li Xiangyi , Ba Zhuoran , Liu Shuming 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Multi-objective operation optimization of water distribution systems (WDSs) in large metropolitan areas is essential; however, it is complex and time-consuming. Effective and reliable scheduling of WDSs can significantly enhance the efficiency and reliability of urban water resources management, which requires further research. This paper develops an optimization method combining genetic algorithm and multiple criteria analysis that coordinates energy conservation, hydraulic condition improvement, and water age optimization in WDSs. Results showed that the optimal scheduling method could achieve a 23.0, 16.7, and 2.5% decrease in energy consumption, and water supply volume with unsatisfied pressure, and average water age, respectively. To achieve optimal results, this study indicated that it is crucial to properly allocate water supply volume and pressure across multiple drinking water treatment plants. This finding provides important guidance for water utilities in scheduling. Furthermore, the emergency scenario analysis shows that the newly proposed method can significantly enhance the social and economic sustainability of WDSs through the coordinated optimization of energy consumption, hydraulic conditions, and water age.
Gamification in the Design of Virtual Patients for Swedish Military Medics to Support Trauma Training: Interaction Analysis and Semistructured Interview Study
Authors: Stathakarou Natalia , Kononowicz Andrzej A , Mattsson Erik , Karlgren Klas 
Published: October 2024

Background
This study explores gamification in the design of virtual patients (VPs) to enhance the training of Swedish military medics in trauma care. The challenges related to prehospital trauma care faced on the battlefield require tailored educational tools that support military medics’ education and training.

Objective
The aim of the study is to investigate how to design VPs with game elements for Swedish military medics to support learning in military trauma care. By understanding the reasoning and perceptions of military medics when interacting with VPs, this study aims to provide insights and recommendations for designing VPs with game elements that are specifically tailored to their needs.

Methods
The study involved 14 Swedish military medics of the Home Guard–National Security Forces participating in a tactical combat care course. Participants interacted with 3 different VP cases designed to simulate military trauma scenarios. Data were collected through think-aloud sessions and semistructured interviews. The data were analyzed using interaction analysis, structured by the unawareness, problem identification, explanation, and alternative strategies or solutions (uPEA) framework, and reflexive thematic analysis to explore participants’ reasoning processes and perceptions and identify possible game elements to inform the VP design.

Results
Mapping the military medics’ reasoning to the uPEA framework revealed that study participants became more creative after making a mistake followed by feedback and after receiving a prompt to make a new decision. The thematic analysis revealed 6 themes: motivation, “keep on trying”; agency in interaction with VPs; realistic tactical experience; confidence, “I know that the knowledge I have works”; social influence on motivation; and personalized learning. Participants suggested that game elements such as scoring; badges; virtual goods; progress bars; performance tables; content unlocking; hints; challenge; control; imposed choice; narrative; avatars; sensation; randomness; difficulty adapting; competition; leaderboards; social pressure; progression; and renovation can promote engagement, motivation, and support confidence in decision-making.

Conclusions
Gamification in the design of VPs represents a promising approach to military medical training, offering a platform for medics to practice medical and tactical decision-making in a risk-free environment. The insights gained by the study may encourage designing VPs with game elements, as well as including possibly wrong decisions, their consequences, and relevant feedback, that may support military medics’ reflections and decision-making.
Essential Coaching for Every Mother Tanzania (ECEM-TZ): Protocol for a Type 1 Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Dol Justine , Mselle Lilian Teddy , Campbell-Yeo Marsha , Mbekenga Columba , Kohi Thecla , McMillan Douglas , Dennis Cindy-Lee , Tomblin Murphy Gail , Aston Megan 
Published: October 2024

Background
Despite global goals to improve maternal, newborn, and child health outcomes, mortality and morbidity continue to be a concern, particularly during the postnatal period in low- and middle-income countries. While mothers have the responsibility of providing ongoing care for newborns at home, they often receive insufficient newborn care education in Tanzania. Mobile health via text messaging is an ever-growing approach that may address this gap and provide timely education.

Objective
We aim to evaluate a text message intervention called Essential Coaching for Every Mother Tanzania (ECEM-TZ) to improve maternal access to essential newborn care education during the immediate 6-week postnatal period.

Methods
ECEM-TZ consists of standardized text messages from birth to 6 weeks post partum that provide evidence-based information on caring for their newborn and recognizing danger signs. Messages were developed and then reviewed by Tanzanian mothers and nurse midwives before implementation. A hybrid type 1 randomized controlled trial will compare ECEM-TZ to standard care among mothers (n=124) recruited from 2 hospitals in Dar es Salaam. The effectiveness outcomes include newborn care knowledge, maternal self-efficacy, breastfeeding self-efficacy, maternal mental health, attendance at the 6-week postnatal checkup, and newborn morbidity and mortality. The implementation outcomes include the reach and quality of implementation of the ECEM-TZ intervention.

Results
Recruitment for this study occurred between June 13, 2024, and July 22, 2024. A total of 143 participants were recruited, 71 in the control and 72 in the intervention. The 6-week follow-up data collection began on July 30, 2024, and was completed on September 21, 2024.

Conclusions
This study will generate evidence about the effectiveness of implementing text messaging during the early postnatal period and the feasibility of doing so in 2 hospitals in Dar es Salaam. The intervention has been designed in collaboration with mothers and nurse midwives in Tanzania.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05362305; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05362305

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/63454
Penerapan Aplikasi Rekomendasi Jurusan SMK Sesuai Pola Minat bagi Siswa SMP Negeri 2 Kalimanah, Purbalingga, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Indra Kurniawan Yogiek , Nofiyati Nofiyati , Yulianita Nadia Gitya , Bil Haq Aniq Hudiyah 
Published: October 2024

Background: Berdasarkan observasi dan wawancara yang telah dilakukan kepada pihak sekolah, Sebagian besar lulusan dari SMP N 2 Kalimanah ingin melanjutkan sekolah di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) di wilayah Purbalingga yang memiliki berbagai jurusan sehingga membuat para siswa kesulitan dalam menentukan jurusan sesuai dengan pola minat siswa masing-masing. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah untuk menerapkan sebuah aplikasi yang dapat memberikan rekomendasi penentuan jurusan SMK yang sesuai dengan pola minat masing-masing siswa SMP secara otomatis untuk membantu para siswa dalam menentukan jurusan di SMK. Metode: Metode yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan ini secara umum terbagi menjadi beberapa tahapan, yaitu : implementasi pengembangan aplikasi, pelatihan kepada guru sekolah, serta simulasi pelaksanaan tes kepada siswa. Hasil: Keberhasilan yang diterapkan aplikasi rekomendasi jurusan SMK yang sesuai dengan pola minat masing-masing siswa, yang diterapkan di SMP N 2 Kalimanah. Kesimpulan: Dengan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat tentang penerapan aplikasi rekomendasi jurusan SMK sesuai pola minat siswa di SMP N 2 Kalimanah ini dapat memberikan manfaat bagi siswa di SMP N 2 Kalimanah dimana siswa dapat dengan mudah menentukan jurusan SMK yang dipilih sesuai pola minat mereka.
Internalization of Religious Moderation Values in the Implementation of Field Experience Practices (PPL) for Students of the Al-Zaytun Indonesian Islamic Institute
Authors: Setiabudi Dede Indra , Firdaus Ridwan , Dariyani Srittin , Riska Dina Nur 
Published: October 2024

Background: Pembelajaran moderasi beragama mengajarkan pada siswa untuk dapat menjalankan dan menciptakan kehidupan rahmatan lil alamin, sehingga peserta didik mendapatkan pemahaman agama yang seimbang dan sesuai dengan ajaran nilai-nilai agama dan menghindari sikap pembenaran pada kelompok tertentu dengan memperhatikan nilai sosial kemasyarakatan, akhlak dan moral. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menjawab pertanyaan penelitian, yakni menganalisis bentuk penguatan moderasi beragama berbasis kearifan lokal serta menganalisis implikasi dari bentuk penguatan tersebut terhadap pembentukan budaya berpikir moderat siswa madrasah. Metode: Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas I-VI MI Muhammadiyah Haurgeulis, Indramayu Jawa Barat. Observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi dengan pengajaran dilakukan di dalam kelas sebagai metode penelitian. Hasil: Penguatan moderasi beragama berbasis kearifan lokal melalui kegiatan pembelajaran, ekstrakurikuler dan muatan lokal memiliki tiga corak khas yang tidak diterapkan pada penguatan lainnya. Corak tersebut pada pembiasaan, pembudayaan dan pemberdayaan yang semuanya diinternalisasikan melalui mata pelajaran, muatan lokal dan ekstrakurikuler. Kesimpulan: Bentuk penguatan moderasi beragama ke dalam mata pelajaran, muatan lokal dan ekstrakurikuler ialah melalui metode pembiasaan yang aplikasinya dengan kegiatan rutin, spontan, dan keteladanan.