bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Idiopathic Hypothalamic Dysfunction with Precocious Puberty and Adipsic Hypernatremia First Presenting in Adolescence
Authors: Cauble Michele S. , Mack-Shipman Lynn , Schaefer G. Bradley , Balakrishnan Sajeev , Larsen Jennifer L. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Background: Idiopathic hypothalamic dysfunction is a rare syndrome that has been described in young children. This syndrome is characterized by a disturbance of thirst regulation with hypernatremia, hyperosmolarity, and altered hypothalamic function.
Patient report: At age 6 years the reported patients presented with precocious puberty, by age 12 years she had hypernatremia presumed secondary to central diabetes insipidus and was treated with DDAVP, and at age 14 was identified to have hyperprolactinemia. At age 19 she presented with serum sodium of 185 mg/dl, during an episode of illness associated with dehydration. After hydration, her sodium remained elevated. Arginine vasopressin was measurable but inappropriate to serum sodium, while urinary cyclic AMP response to vasopressin was appropriate.
Conclusions: This is the first case of precocious puberty identified in association with the more classic features of idiopathic hypothalamic dysfunction, including later-onset hypernatremia, poor thermoregulatory function, obesity, and hyperprolactinemia.
Primary Hyperparathyroidism in an Infant with Three Parathyroid Glands and Pulmonary Calcinosis
Authors: Topaloglu A. Kemal , Yuksel Bilgin , Tuncer Recep , Mungan Neslihan O. , Ozer Guler 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A 2 month-old male infant presented with severe hypercalcemia due to parathyroid hyperplasia. A total parathyroidectomy and partial heterotopic autotransplantation were carried out. Hypercalcemia recurred two months later. Normocalcemia was re-established after removing one half of the implanted tissue. Despite two separate surgical explorations and several imaging studies, including 99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy, ultrasonography, and MRI, only three parathyroid glands were found. Severe pulmonary calcinosis has not previously been reported in children with PHPT. In conclusion, developmental variations of the parathyroid glands may be difficult to identify with present imaging techniques. This may pose difficulties in management of PHPT. The present report describes pulmonary calcinosis as a sequela which can cause additional morbidity in these infants.
Management of Puberty for Optimal Auxological Results in β-Thalassaemia Major
Authors: Caruso-Nicoletti Manuela , De Sanctis V. , Cavallo L. , Raiola G. , Ruggiero L. , Skordis N. , Wonke B. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Short stature is present in a significant percentage of patients affected by β-thalassaemia major. Growth failure of patients with thalassaemia is multifactorial. The most important contribution is attributed to the toxic effect desferrioxamine and to endocrine disorders, due to iron overload. The commonest endocrine complication is hypogonadism. The growth pat- tern of patients with thalassaemia is characterized by normal growth during childhood, a deceleration of growth velocity around age 9-10 years, and a reduced pubertal growth spurt. In addition, reduced growth of the trunk is often present. Short stature and short trunk are more evident at pubertal age. Hypogonadism is usually considered responsible for the pubertal growth failure, as well as the aggravation of body disproportion at pubertal age. However, data suggest that pubertal height gain and final height are reduced in both patients with spontaneous puberty and patients with induced puberty. It is concluded that several aspects of peripubertal growth in patients with thalassaemia remain to be clarified.
Crystal structure of cis-bis(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2
N,N′)bis(thiocyanato-κN)nickel(II), C22H16N6NiS2
Authors: Ha Kwang 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
C22H16N6NiS2, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 7.2925(4) Å, b = 8.9214(5) Å, c = 17.7808(9) Å, α = 90.484(3)°, β = 98.965(3)°, γ = 113.003(3)°, V = 1048.75(10) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0480, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0824, T = 223(2) K.
Chaos Suppression in Fractional Order Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor and PI controlled Induction motor by Extended Back stepping Control
Authors: Rajagopal Karthikeyan , Karthikeyan Anitha , Duraisamy Prakash 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this paper we investigate the control of three-dimensional non-autonomous fractional-order model of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and PI controlled fractional order Induction motor via recursive extended back stepping control technique. A robust generalized weighted controllers are derived to suppress the chaotic oscillations of the fractional order model. As the direct Lyapunov stability analysis of the controller is difficult for a fractional order first derivative, we have derived a new lemma to analyze the stability of the system. Numerical simulations of the proposed chaos suppression methodology are given to prove the analytical results.
Synthesis and characterisation of lignin-like oligomers as a bio-inspired consolidant for waterlogged archaeological wood
Authors: McHale Emily , Braovac Susan , Steindal Calin C. , Gillis Richard B. , Adams Gary G. , Harding Stephen E. , Benneche Tore , Kutzke Hartmut 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The development of new materials for the consolidation of waterlogged archaeological wood from sustainable sources is an important area of research, as the most widely used consolidant today is petroleum based. Ideally a new consolidant will interact with the existing wood structure, ensuring maximum compatibility. Lignin is often the major component remaining in archaeological wood, as it is less susceptible to degradation than holocellulose. Therefore, in order to maximise the potential for interaction with the wood cells, lignin-like oligomers have been synthesized from isoeugenol using a water soluble copper salen catalyst at pH 10, giving a weight average Mw of 1.6 kDa. Analysis by NMR spectroscopy has shown that the oligomers have a lignin-like structure with β-O-4′, β-β′ and β-5′ connections. A 10 w/w% solution of the oligomers in ethyl acetate was found to thoroughly penetrate 1 cm3 samples of waterlogged archaeological wood (density of 0.146 g/mL, maximum water content of 620%) after 14 days impregnation, as determined by FTIR spectroscopy. No impregnation material could be seen by SEM, suggesting that it coats the cell walls upon drying. This indicates that dehydrogenated polymers penetrate waterlogged archaeological wood well and have the potential to be developed into consolidants.
Effects of molecular weight distribution on the melt spinning of polypropylene fibers
Authors: Fan Qingrong , Xu Duanfu , Zhao Delu , Qian Renyuan 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A basic study of melt spinning of polypropylene is reported. This study is aimed at developing a new technology for the manufacture of fine denier polypropylene fibers for clothing end uses. It was found that the molecular weight of the polypropylene resin has-a key influence on structure development in the fiber spinline. By aiming at achieving a smectic structure of the as-spun fiber through a controlled degradation of polypropylene, we can spin fine denier good quality polypropylene fibers at temperatures below 280°C and speeds up to 2000 meters/minute.
Pressure Effects on Rheological Behavior of Melt Polymers – A Discussion in Relation to Polymer Processing
Authors: Oyanagi Yasushi , Kubota Kazuhisa 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Polymers have large bulk compressibility in the molten state /1/ and their rheological properties are largely affected by pressure applied in polymer processing.
The volumetric strain induced by pressure consists of instantaneous and retarded elastic strains, both of which are proportional to pressure, and recover reversibly when pressure is removed.
In many crystalline polymers, as observed by B. Maxwell for polyethylene, retarded elastic strain is large, and due mostly to pressure crystallization.
This paper describes results of experimental studies relating pressure effects on rheological properties of melt polymers with polymer processing and bulk properties of products.
The following items are discussed: pressure induced shear stress, analysis of local deformation pattern, critical shear stress for melt flow fracture, relationship between power law index and bulk compressibility, effects of hydrostatic pressure on melt flow behavior, pressure efficiency of injection molding, jetting phenomena, shrinkage in injection moldings, residual strain, and super-high-pressure injection molding process.
Effect of Surface Area on the Interfacial Adhesion of UHMWPE fibers
Authors: Lee Seung-Goo , Kang Tae-Jin , Yoon Tae-Ho 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The surface area change of UHMWPE fibers which underwent oxygen plasma treatment was measured as a function of plasma power and plasma treatment time. The interfacial adhesion of oxygen plasma treated UHMWPE fibers was evaluated via micro-droplet test and double cantilever beam test Surface area increased with plasma treatment time at 30 and 60W, but showed a maximum at 100 and 150W. The interfacial adhesion of UHMWPE fibers to vinylester resin exhibited the same trend as the surface area. SEM analysis revealed that oxygen plasma treatment roughened UHMWPE fibers by forming micro-pores leading to increased surface area. However, 1S0W plasma treatment led to degradation of the fibers and thus resulted in failure within the fiber surface layers, producing ribbon-like strips of fiber.
Pervaporation Performance of β-Chitosan Membrane for Water/Alcohol Mixtures
Authors: Lee Young Moo , Nam Sang Yong , Woo Dong Jin 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Composite membranes made of β-chitosan extracted from squid were prepared and crosslinked with sulfuric acid with various crosslinking times. Dehydration performance of the water/ethanol and water/isopropanol mixtures by pervaporation experiments using β-chitosan composite membranes was investigated. Crosslinking and deacetylation degree of the membrane were confirmed by ATR-FT-IR and elemental analysis (EA), respectively. Pervaporation experiments were investigated under various feed concentrations and temperatures. β-Chitosan showed a higher degree of swelling in water than a-chitosan, resulting in a higher flux of β-Chitosan than that of α-chitosan. β-Chitosan composite membranes showed good dehydration performance in pervaporation of a water/alcohol mixture. For water/ethanol mixtures, separation factor (α) - 270; flux (J) - 700 g/m2hr, for water/isopropanol, α - 150; J -1800 g/m2hr, respectively.
Thermal characterization of reactive blending of 70PC/30PET mixtures prepared in the presence/absence of samarium acetylacetonate as a transesterification catalyst
Authors: Meziane Ouahiba , Guessoum Melia , Bensedira Abderrahim , Haddaoui Nacerddine 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/polycarbonate (PC) blends were prepared in the presence and absence of samarium (III) acetylacetonate hydrate [Sm(acac)3] used as an ester-ester exchange reaction catalyst. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermogravimetry (TGA/DTG) were used to study the variations in the thermal properties of blends before and after reactive blending. Solubility measurements in methylene chloride (CH2Cl2) and infrared spectroscopy were also employed to highlight the structural changes that occurred during mixing in the presence of Sm(acac)3. The DSC results showed two distinct transition temperatures (T

g
) for all the compositions. Also, the T

g
values of components were shifted compared to the parent polymers in both the blends prepared with and without catalyst. Further, the T

g
of the PET-rich phase was displaced to higher temperatures and that of the PC-rich phase showed a tendency to diminish as the catalyst’s concentration increased. At the same time, the melting temperature (T

m
) of the PET-rich phase was shifted to lower temperatures. The evaluation of the compositions of the PC- and PET-rich phases using Wood’s equation showed a strong dependence on the catalyst concentration. Furthermore, the thermogravimetric thermograms showed that the thermal stability of the blends was between those of the homopolymers, and evidenced a net improvement relatively to the neat PET. The obtained results confirmed the aptitude of Sm(acac)3 to promote exchange reactions between PC and PET, and to achieve their compatibilization through an interfacial copolymer synthesis process.
Lead Poisoning by Contaminated Flour
Authors: Hershko C. , Eisenberg A. , Avni A. , Grauer F. , Acker C. , Hamdallah M. , Shahin S. , Moreb J. , Richter E. , Weissenberg E. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Between October 1982 and June 1983, 43 patients were identified with symptomatic lead poisoning in three Arab villages of the Nablus district. Because of the clustering of clinical poisoning by household units, investigation was focussed on potential sources common to all members of the households. After excluding water, olive oil and a variety of foodstuff, lead in high concentrations was discovered in locally ground flour in all affected households. The source of poisoning was lead poured into the fissures between the metal housing and the driveshaft of the millstone. Significant lead contamination of freshly ground flour was demonstrated in 23% of the 146 community flour mills operating in West Bank villages. Since the completion of these studies, similar outbreaks of lead poisoning caused by contaminated flour mills have been identified in the Upper Galilee and in Spain. As the methods of milling in the Mediterranean area are similar, a coordinated international effort is needed in order to eliminate this health hazard from countries where similar community stone mills are still in use.
Reactive Changes in Smokers and Arterial Disease and COPD
Authors: Anthony Honor M. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The review examines the effects of smoking on blood parameters, concentrating on those seen as responses or reactions to the insult of smoking, and finds evidence that smoking causes chronic leucocytosis, macrocytosis and raised haematocrit, raised plasma fibrinogen concentration, reduction of the serum ratio of high to low density lipoprotein (HDL/LDL ratio), and platelet changes. Each of the changes resolved on “quitting”, though for fibrinogen the evidence was indirect. Reports that elevations of the white cell count (WCC), and plasma fibrinogen and reduction of the HDL/LDL ratio each predict myocardial infarction, and that higher haematocrit increases the risk of cerebro-vascular incidents are reviewed, with reports of associations with other forms of arterial disease and COPD, and of their significance for the prognosis of established disease. After noting pathological mechanisms which implicate each of these factors, and platelets, in reactions likely to contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, infarction, arterial spasm, and/or lung damage, the author concludes that the evidence in man, backed up by experimental data, provides very strong support for the view that elevations of WCC, haematocrit, plasma fibrinogen and reduction of the HDL/LDL ratio represent (or are closely associated with) intermediate causal mechanisms through which smoking induces arterial disease and probably lung disease, and that experimental evidence indicates that platelet changes and macrocytosis also contribute. Differences in the extent of these responses to smoking could be valuable in differentiating the relative harmfulness of different types of cigarette (or of other inhaled pollutants) in terms of these diseases, and in predicting the susceptibility of individuals to these smoking-related diseases.
Pharmacological Interaction and Combined Toxicity of Exposure to Environmental Chemicals
Authors: Iyaniwura Thomothy T. 
Published: November 2016

Summary
Environmental chemicals are capable of interaction with each other and with endogenous substances to minimize or augment their individual toxicities. Interaction between chemicals could take place via the absorption, distribution and excretory routes. Induction and inhibition of the hepatic drug metabolising enzymes also play a significant role in chemical activation, detoxification and interactions. Knowledge of the various mechanisms of toxicity of combined exposure to chemical compounds, in the work or natural environment, are invaluable in predicting their human hazards.
Sintered TiO2/recycled glass composites designed for the potential degradation of waterborne pollutants
Authors: Cuadrado Wesley , Hernández Liliana M. , Nazario Gerardo A. , Marcelo Suárez Oscar 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Porous recycled glass beds were produced for the potential use in water remediation. The present work discusses the structural and mechanical characteristics of filters made of commercially available powdered recycled glass. The study measured the porosity and percolation performance of the sintered glass beds as a function of the sintering parameters and the particle size of the original powdered glass. Moreover, because TiO2 can serve as a photocatalyst to degrade organic pollutants, a TiO2/recycled glass composite was also studied. Optical microscopy helped measure the resulting porosity by quantitative image analysis. Finally, a performance map that specified the composite porosity, percolation, and compression characteristics was obtained as a function of sintering time, sintering temperature, glass particle size, and the percentage of TiO2 added.
Prototypical Differences between Inflection and Derivation
Authors: Dressler Wolfgang U. 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der Artikel stellt die speziell in den letzten Jahren vorgesehlagenen Kriterien für eine Abgrenzung von Flexion und Derivation zusammen, ergänzt sie und untersucht ihr Verhältnis zueinander. Es wird herausgearbeitet, daß die meisten Abgrenzungskriterien (wenn auch nicht alle) keinen diskret-kategoriellen, sondern prototypischen Charakter haben.
Kreolische Morphologie
Authors: Stolz Thomas 
Published: November 2016

Summary
The paper gives a short survey of derivational and inflectional morphology in Pidgins and Creoles. Most of these phenomena turn out to ho retentions from substratum structures rather than late borrowings or secondary innovations. This fact points to system-defining structural properties of substratum morphologies as an important factor in Creole genesis. It is argued in favour of a thorough re-evaluation of Creole data on behalf of Natural Morphology.
Bemerkungen zur Wortstellung im einfachen Deklarativsatz der modernen arabischen Schriftsprache
Authors: Wittig Sabine 
Published: November 2016

Summary
This article deals with problems concerning word order in a simple statement in Arabic considering the positions of the parts of a sentence due to their valence-dependency, their syntactic function and particularly the influence of pragmatic factors. The starting point of this approach is the definition of the linear arrangement of the parts of a sentence within the topic- as well as the focus-sections. On this basis word order variation is discussed not only within the relevant section hut also beyond it.
As the whole sentence is taken to be the basis for the description word order variation at the beginning of a sentence is regarded merely as a part of the more complex problem of word order variation which is examined in close connection with the description of the focus-positions possible and the communicative functions realised by them.
Eine historisch-typologische Analyse der Konstruktion ime motër/sestra mi/soră-mea
Authors: Qvonje Jørn Ivar 
Published: November 2016

Summary
The present work represents a historical-typological investigation of the constructional type ime motër/cecmpa Mu/soră-mea, named “the kinship type”, especially including the relations of the type to the superior type motra ime/Moama cccmpa/sora mea: The phonetical, morphosyntactial, lexical and sentential characteristic features of this subtype in the Balkan languages Albanian, Bulgarian, and Rumanian together with Italian are discussed.
The Albanian construction e motra is explicated as a typological parallel to a certain type of ezafe construction in Iranian, and a theory is advanced on the preposing of the Albanian copulative article (which is interpreted us a marker of relativisation on par with the ezafe article) under an ellipsis of presupposition.
Zum Interferenzverhalten des Romani
Authors: Boretzky Norbert 
Published: November 2016

Summary
Romani (Gypsy) differs from other languages in that it has a very restricted vocabulary of inherited words (about 1000 items) and well integrated loans. Therefore, the speakers of Romani are constantly forced to borrow from other languages lexical material to such an extent that we may say, Romani is a lexically deficient language which functions as a means of communication only in combination with other languages. Interestingly, there is a very strong tendency to keep the inherited and the borrowed vocabulary apart by applying to them different forms of inflection, word formation etc. Although many foreign words have been adopted centuries ago they nevertheless continue to follow their own grammatical patterns. This second peculiarity of Romani is hardly found in any other language. Beyond that interference has been and is considerably strong in the sphere of grammatical categories and of syntactic rules. Since various dialects of Romani have been exposed to the influence of rather different languages Romani constitutes an excellent field for the study of all kinds of interference. It can be shown that many'linguistic categories are borrowed by imitating foreign structures in a rather indirect way-a possibility that has been questioned in recent times.
« Le peuple veut l’hérédité de la dignité impériale ...» Le ‘Moniteur’ – une institution glottopolitique de l’ère napoléonienne
Authors: Müller Kalf 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Untersucht werden Texte aus der offiziellen französischen Presse des Jahres 1804, die die Proklamation Napoleon Bonapartes zum Kaiser der Franzosen vorbereiten. Aus der Beschreibung der thematischen und interaktionalen Stukturen werden Rückschlüsse auf die sprachpolitische Praxis der Napoleonzeit gezogen.
Zum Problem der Neosemantisierung im sozialpolitischen und kulturellen Wortschatz des Maninka
Authors: Dietrich-Friedländer Marianne 
Published: November 2016

Résumé
Notre contribution a pour but de mettre en lumière quelques aspects du néosémantisme (constitution d’un sens nouveau à partir d’un même signifiant) observés dans la langue maninka (Guinée) en prenant comme exemple le vocabulaire politique, social et culturel. Le corpus analysé base sur des matériaux élaborés en maninka dans les années 1978-1984. Dans l’état actuel des recherches sur cette langue le processus de formation des néosémantismes est difficile à repérer. La difficulté essentielle est do rendre compte do la relation qui existe entre la phase initiale, la phase de dissémination (pénétration massive des néosémantismes dans l’usage commun) et la phase d’approbation (fixation des néosémantismes dans la langue). Une réponse à toutes questions se posant dans ce contexte exigerait une enquête plus poussée sur la base d’une documentation plus vaste (en premier lieu ü l’égard de lexiques de base et de dictionnaires). Nous voulons ici simplement esquisser les grandes lignes de l’évolution qui s’est produite dans le domaine lexical au regard du changement de sens de termes préexistants pouvant servir de base de recherches ultérieures. Nous tentons de présenter les traits essentiels des sémèmes d’un mot polysémique sous l’aspect de leur rapport aux procédés de formation des mots et de leur distribution et finalité (extension et généralisation de sens, transfert de sens, détermination de la configuration sémantique, connotation péjorative ou méliorative) en tenant compte des processus de l’archaisme, plus ou moins nets et plus ou moins avancés selon le cas concret.