bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal and socio-demographic determinants of low birth weight (LBW)
Authors: Borah M , Agarwalla R 
Published: June 2016

Background and Rationale:
Low birth weight (LBW) leads to high neonatal and infant deaths. There is also high prevalence of childhood morbidities and mortalities that are consequences of LBW.

Objectives:
To find out the prevalence of LBW babies among the study population and to find out the effect of certain maternal and socio-demographic characteristics on birth weight.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was carried out in a rural block of Assam. Cluster sampling was done to choose 30 villages and 15 infants were selected randomly from each village to get a sample size of 450.

Results:
Prevalence of LBW was found to be 21.8%. Percentage of LBW babies was more among the teenage mothers (36%) and primipara mothers (27%). Maternal anemia [odds ratio (OR) 1.93; confidence interval (CI) 1.3-2.9], short interpregnancy interval (OR 3.93; CI 2.16-7.13), and teenage pregnancy (OR 3.93; CI 2.16-6.45) were found to be the independent risk factors associated with LBW of the babies.

Discussion:
The study findings indicated the high prevalence of LBW babies in rural areas of Assam and illiterate teenage mothers, grand multipara, anemic mothers, and short interpregnancy intervals were the important risk factors for LBW.
Los cien primeros días de El Español. Análisis de la estructura y los contenidos en los inicios del diario digital
Authors: Del Arco Bravo Miguel Ángel , Yunquera Nieto Juan , Pérez Bahón Félix 
Published: June 2016

El Español es el último lanzamiento de medio periodístico en España, un diario digital cuyo proceso de crowdfunding superó todas las iniciativas periodísticas anteriores. La consecución de sus intenciones y planteamientos, de apuesta periodística y tecnológica, seguramente están por llegar. En este trabajo analizamos los primeros cien días. Describimos cómo fue su nacimiento y su estructura, analizamos de manera cuantitativa y cualitativa tanto lo que aporta al negocio periodístico como sus carencias, debidas probablemente a su juventud. Incluso apuntamos el desarrollo y cambios adoptados en estos primeros tres meses de vida. Las primeras conclusiones nos hablan de un estilo, básicamente interpretativo, de periodismo de servicio, y una puesta en escena algo alejada de lo que se podía esperar de un medio nativo digital gestado en plena efervescencia tecnológica, con utilización masiva de ordenadores y dispositivos móviles en una comunidad totalmente permeabilizada a las redes sociales.
Legal Constraints on the Indeterminate Control of ‘Dangerous’ Sex Offenders in the Community: The Spanish Perspective
Authors: Martínez Garay Lucía , Correcher Mira Jorge 
Published: June 2016

Legal Constraints on the Indeterminate Control of ‘Dangerous’ Sex Offenders in the Community: The Spanish Perspective
This article presents an overview of the legal regime provided in the Spanish system of criminal sanctions regarding the control of dangerous sex offenders in the community. It focuses on the introduction, in 2010, of a post-prison safety measure named supervised release. We describe the context of its introduction in the Spanish Criminal Code, considering the influence of societal upheaval concerning dangerous sex offenders in its development, and also the historical and theoretical features of the Spanish system of criminal sanctions. We also analyse the legal framework of supervised release, the existing case law about it and how the legal doctrine has until now assessed this measure. After this analysis, the main aim of this article consists in evaluating the effectiveness and the proportionality of the measure, according to the principle of minimal constraints and the rehabilitative function of the criminal sanctions in Spanish law, stated in Article 25.2 of the Spanish Constitution.
‘We Do Not Hang Around. It Is Forbidden.’
Authors: Muller Thaddeus 
Published: June 2016

‘We Do Not Hang Around. It Is Forbidden.’
The focus in this article is the ‘criminalisation’ of youth hanging around with the emergence of bans on hanging around. A critical social constructivist approach is used in this study, which draws predominantly on qualitative primary data collected between the late 1980s and 2010s. The article compares indigenous with immigrant youth, which coincides with, respectively, youth in rural communities and youth in urban communities. This study shows that there is discrimination of immigrant youth, which is shaped by several intertwining social phenomena, such as the ‘geography of policing’ – more police in urban areas – familiarity, sharing biographical information (in smaller communities), and the character of the interaction, normalising versus stigmatising. In further research on this topic we have to study (the reaction to) the transgressions of immigrant youth, and compare it with (the reaction to) the transgressions of indigenous youth, which is a blind spot in Dutch criminology.
Accuracy of the FT-NIR Method in Evaluating the Fat Content of Milk Using Calibration Models Developed for the Reference Methods According to Röse-Gottlieb and Gerber
Authors: Mlcek Jiri , Dvorak Lukas , Sustova Kvetoslava , Szwedziak Katarzyna 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The study examined the effect of the choice of reference method on the functionality and reliability of calibrations in near-IR (NIR) spectroscopy intended for measuring the fat content in raw cow's milk. The fat content in the milk samples was evaluated using methods according to either Röse-Gottlieb or Gerber. The same samples were then subjected to analysis on an Antaris FT-NIR spectrometer. Using a partial least-squares algorithm, calibration models were created for both methods from the values measured. The calibration models show very good values of standard error of calibration: 0.133 for the Gerber method and 0.095 for the Röse-Gottlieb method. These calibrations were subsequently used to analyze 30 new samples of cow's milk of undefined fat content, and the differences in the values were evaluated using statistical paired t-test to a median value at a probability level of α = 0.05. No statistically significant differences were found. It was revealed that the reference method used for calibrating the device evaluating the fat content in raw cow's milk has no effect on the functionality and reliability of the calibration model.
Preparation and Application of Nanostructure Ion-Imprinted Polymer for Selective Solid-Phase Extraction of Pb Ions in Water, Hair, and Food Samples
Authors: Dehghani Soltani Maryam , Taher Mohammad Ali , Behzadi Mansoureh 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In this research, nanostructure Pb(II) ion-imprinted polymer (IIP) was prepared by formation of 1,5-diphenylthiocarbazon (dithizone) complex. Polymerization was performed via bulk polymerization, with methacrylic acid as the functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross-linking monomer in the presence of ammonium persulfate as the initiator. To characterize the synthesized IIP, FTIR spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy were used. This polymer was used for selective preconcentration of ultra-trace amounts of Pb ions through the SPE method. The Pb ion concentration was determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. In the optimization process, the effects of various factors, such as pH of the sample solution, type and concentration of eluent, equilibrium sorption and desorption times, and sample volume, were investigated. Under optimized conditions, the maximum sorbent capacity was 38.46 mg/g and the enrichment factor was 200. Linearity was within the range 1.0–320.0 ng/L, with good r2 values. The LOD was 0.55 ng/L, and the intraday and interday RSD values (n = 7, 20 ng/L Pb ions) were 2.8 and 3.5%, respectively. This selective and sensitive proposed method was applied successfully to the determination of Pb in water, hair, and food samples, with high recoveries.
El arte del buen morir en los testamentos medievales de la catedral de Sigüenza (siglos XIII-XV)
Authors: Portilla González Aída 
Published: June 2016

El presente artículo tiene como objeto contribuir al conocimiento de la religiosidad bajomedieval castellana y dilucidar las actitudes ante la muerte del hombre medieval. Con el propósito de esclarecer la mentalidad de los miembros privilegiados de la sociedad seguntina bajomedieval, tanto de laicos como de eclesiásticos, hemos analizado un grupo de testamentos conservados en el Archivo de la Catedral de Sigüenza de los siglos XIII, XIV y XV. Gracias a estos documentos oficiales podemos acercarnos a las concepciones sobre la vida y la muerte que imperaban en dicho contexto. En los testamentos quedan codificados los ritos y actitudes que el hombre utilizaba para transitar de la vida terrenal al más allá y alcanzar la tan ansiada Salvación Eterna.This article contributes to the knowledge of Castilian medieval religious belief and to explain the attitudes of medieval man towards death. It aims at shedding light on the mentality of the privileged members of late medieval Sigüenza, both lay and clergymen, by studying a collection of wills preserved in the Sigüenza Cathedral Archive from the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Through these official documents we can begin to discern the ideas regarding life and death that prevailed in this context. These wills establish models of rites and attitudes that people adopted in order to go from earthly life to the afterlife and to reach the much-coveted eternal salvation.
El cuidado del alma y otros cuidados en las cartas de aniversario del cabildo de los clérigos de Cuéllar en el siglo XIV
Authors: Herrero Jiménez Mauricio 
Published: June 2016

El trabajo que presentamos tiene como objeto fundamental el estudio de las cartas de aniversario. Aplicando el método de la ciencia diplomática, nos proponemos mostrar cómo las cartas de aniversario del cabildo de los clérigos de Cuéllar muestran lo concerniente a la preocupación por el alma después de la muerte, al valor de la oración y lo que fue donado para pagarlas, con cuyas donaciones el capítulo incremento su patrimonio, sobre todo en el siglo XIV.The present paper aims to offer an study of anniversary documents. Using the method of the diplomatic science, we propose showing how the anniversary documents of the chapter of clerics of Cuéllar teach us to concern about the soul after death, the value of prayer, and what was donated to pay them, with whose donations the chapter increased its heritage specially in the XIV century.
Graphical Characterization of Leaking Wells via Above-Zone Pressure Transient Analysis
Authors: Zeidouni Mehdi 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Fluids are injected in subsurface permeable formations for various purposes including waste disposal, gas storage, CO2 sequestration, and enhanced oil/gas recovery. Containment of the injected fluids is needed to meet the regulatory requirements and/or to ensure efficiency of the intended processes. The injected fluids can leak to overlying formations in presence of leakage pathways. Improperly plugged and abandoned (P&A) wells are considered as the main potential leakage pathways. In a previous work, we introduced a vertical pressure transient interference test and presented an analysis methodology to detect and characterize leaking wells. The analysis methodology was based on an inverse modeling algorithm that can be highly instable and computationally expensive. Here, we propose an easy-to-use fully graphical methodology to characterize leaking wells. The pressure measurements are graphed in three different forms. The slopes and intercepts of the line-fitted graphs are used to determine the leak location and transmissibility as well as the transmissivity ratio of the connected zones. The graphical method is applied to an example problem to illustrate its application procedure and effectiveness.

Introduction
The Leakage through abandoned wells and improperly plugged boreholes can create vertical communication between otherwise hydrologically isolated permeable zones. The driving mechanism behind the leakage can be the hydraulic gradients created by injection into one of the zones. Zeidouni and Pooladi-Darvish (2012a, 2012b) introduced a vertical interference test to detect and characterize a leaking well connecting the operating zone to an overlying non-operating zone which is otherwise separated by a sealing caprock. The test involves injection (production) into (from) the operating zone (OZ) and observing the pressure at a distance both in the OZ and the monitoring zone (MZ). We use injection throughout this paper for consistency. Several researchers attempted to analyze the pressure observations through inverse modelling approach and data assimilation (Wang and Small 2014, Jung, Zhou, and Birkholzer 2013, Sun et al. 2013, Zeidouni and Pooladi-Darvish 2012a, b, Chabora and Benson 2009, Jung, Zhou, and Birkholzer 2015, Keating et al. 2014). While inverse modeling can be very useful, it requires robust and computationally expensive inversion techniques that may not be easy to implement in practice. Also, inverse models can be very instable if the unknown parameters are not fully independent. It would be useful to develop graphical approaches such as those used in conventional pressure transient analysis that can be conveniently used in analyzing the pressured data for leaking well characterization.
Clinique des adolescents en conflit avec la loi : contributions de la psychanalyse au travail de la demande
Authors: Vilas Boas Laís Macêdo , do Amparo Deise Matos , Conte de Almeida Sandra Francesca , Tarouquella R. Brasil Katia Cristina 
Published: June 2016

Cet article aborde la question complexe de la demande et du transfert dans la prise en charge clinique des adolescents en conflit avec la loi, où l’agir violent devient une modalité d’expression. Cette clinique impose d’emblée une complication pour nos pratiques : celle de travailler la demande initiale et en faire une réelle démarche d’aide, car ces jeunes trouvent dans l’acte le principal recours pour faire face à l’angoisse. À partir d’une vignette clinique, nous discutons certains aspects de la problématique en nous appuyant sur l’approche théorico-clinique de la psychanalyse. L’angoisse de l’adolescent en analyse a été prise comme un signe de demande d’aide face à la détresse non soutenable due au manque de structure de l’appareil psychique. Nous considérons alors que l’analyse a produit des effets en termes d’élaboration psychique, car des associations et des liens ont été effectués au moyen de récits chargés d’affects, liés à l’histoire de vie de l’adolescent. Le maniement du rapport transférentiel a été fondamental et a contribué au passage d’une demande sous mandat judiciaire à une demande d’analyse, et ce même dans un contexte difficile pour l’établissement d’un cadre de travail. C’est dans l’impasse de l’acte de symbolisation que la clinique psychanalytique est à même de montrer son pouvoir, au moment où elle convoque le sujet à utiliser la parole et s’impliquer dans son acte, dans son discours et dans son désir.
Voltage-impulse-induced nonvolatile tunable magnetoelectric inductor based on multiferroic bilayer structure
Authors: Su Hua , Tang Xiaoli , Zhang Huaiwu , Sun Nian X. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In this study, we developed a voltage-impulse-induced nonvolatile tunable magnetoelectric inductor, which used an amorphous magnetic ribbon/lead zirconate titanate (PZT) multiferroic bilayer structure as a magnetic core. The PZT substrate, which contained defect dipoles through acceptor doping, was used in the bilayer structure to obtain an asymmetric strain–E “butterfly” curve. Different and stable voltage-impulse-induced in-plane residual stain states could be obtained by applying specific voltage impulse excitation modes. These residual strain states induced a nonvolatile inductance variation in the inductor through strain-mediated magnetoelectric coupling. This method provided a promising approach to realize nonvolatile tunable inductors for miniaturized circuits and systems.
Growth of ultrathin vanadium oxide films on Ag(100)
Authors: Nakamura Takuya , Sugizaki Yuichi , Ishida Shuhei , Edamoto Kazuyuki , Ozawa Kenichi 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Vanadium oxide films were grown on Ag(100) by vanadium deposition in O2 and subsequent annealing at 450 °C. It was found that at least three types of ordered V oxide films, which showed (1 × 1), hexagonal, and (4 × 1) LEED patterns, were formed on Ag(100) depending on the O2 pressure during deposition and conditions during postannealing. The films with the hexagonal and (1 × 1) periodicities were characterized by photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) analysis. The film with the (1 × 1) periodicity was ascribed to a VO(100) film. On the other hand, the film with the hexagonal periodicity was found to be composed of V2O3, and the analysis of the LEED pattern revealed that the lattice parameter of the hexagonal lattice is 0.50 nm, which is very close to that of corundum V2O3(0001) (0.495 nm).
Development of open air silicon deposition technology by silane-free atmospheric pressure plasma enhanced chemical transport under local ambient gas control
Authors: Naito Teruki , Konno Nobuaki , Yoshida Yukihisa 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Open air silicon deposition was performed by combining silane-free atmospheric pressure plasma-enhanced chemical transport and a newly developed local ambient gas control technology. The effect of air contamination on silicon deposition was investigated using a vacuum chamber, and the allowable air contamination level was confirmed to be 3 ppm. The capability of the local ambient gas control head was investigated numerically and experimentally. A safe and clean process environment with air contamination less than 1 ppm was achieved. Combining these technologies, a microcrystalline silicon film was deposited in open air, the properties of which were comparable to those of silicon films deposited in a vacuum chamber.
Observation of hyperfine structure of D022-Mn3−
xFexGa by Mössbauer effect
Authors: Koeba Akira , Shima Toshiyuki , Doi Masaaki 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In this work, to obtain the design guideline for a magnet made of a Mn-based alloy, Mn3−

x
Fe
x
Ga alloys were prepared by arc melting and the magnetic state of Fe in the alloys and hyperfine structure were investigated on the basis of the Mössbauer effect. As a result, D022-Mn2.2Fe0.5Ga alloys were obtained by annealing at 350 °C for 2 days. From the Mössbauer spectrum of Mn2.2Fe0.5Ga, it was clear that Fe replaced Mn in the Mn II site of the D022 structure. In addition, it was also found that the hyperfine field of Fe is extremely lower in the Mn II site than in the Mn I site.
Pr–Fe–B+α-Fe nanocomposite film magnets prepared by pulsed laser deposition method
Authors: Yamashita Akihiro , Nakano Masaki , Oshima Shuichi , Yanai Takeshi , Fukunaga Hirotoshi 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
An increase in the remanence of an isotropic film magnet is indispensable to improve the properties of miniaturized devices. We, therefore, tried to prepare Pr–Fe–B/α-Fe multilayered nanocomposite thick-film magnets by a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. Namely, a rotated target composed of a Pr
x
Fe14B (x = 2.2 or 2.4) target together with an α-Fe segment was ablated. We also took account of a small spot size of the laser beam in order to suppress the emission of droplets (large particles) from each target. An optimization on the area of the α-Fe segment in each Pr
x
Fe14B target was carried out, and the remanence of an annealed film reached approximately 1.1 T. Moreover, a transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation of the above-mentioned sample revealed that the microstructure varied from a multilayered structure (as-deposited) to a dispersed one through the annealing process. Resultantly, the annealed film had a dispersed nanocomposite structure with good exchange coupling.
Influence of Bi on the magnetic and magneto-optical properties of Co/Bi/Co and Bi/Co thin-film systems
Authors: Shalygina Elena , Svalov Andrey , Kharlamova Anna , Ganshina Elena , Doronin Dmitriy , Kurlyandskaya Galina 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The magneto-optical and magnetic properties of Co (50 Å)/Bi/Co (50 Å) and Bi/Co (50 Å) samples are investigated. Magneto-optical investigations indicate that the shapes of transverse Kerr effect (TKE) spectra are similar for all studied samples. TKE values decrease for the Co/Bi/Co structures at t
Bi > 40 Å and for the Co/Bi samples at t
Bi > 5 Å as compared with TKE values of the single-layer Co thin film. The decrease in the volume ratio of the magnetic to nonmagnetic phases causes the reduction in the contribution of the magnetic phase to magneto-optical signals. Magnetic investigations show that the saturation field and coercivity of the studied samples increase with increasing t
Bi. The exchange oscillatory coupling between Co layers through the Bi spacer in Co/Bi/Co samples with various periods (short and long) is observed in the t
Bi range from 2 to 500 Å. These data are explained by the dependence of Fermi energy on Bi thickness and the changes in the Bi band structure with the decrease in t
Bi.
Enhancement of magneto-optical effect via the evanescent wave and its figure of merit
Authors: Nishibayashi Kazuhiro , Yoneda Hitoki , Kuga Kiyoshi , Iwasaki Yamato , Munekata Hiro 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
We investigate the enhancement of the magneto-optical (MO) effect via the evanescent wave in MO structures composed of GdFe thin layers and two dielectrics. The MO Kerr rotation and the figure of merit (FOM) among the Kretschmann, Otto and direct-irradiation configurations are compared. The data obtained by experiment and calculation both show that the standing evanescent wave in the metal layer realized in the former two configurations enhances the MO Kerr rotation and FOM. Furthermore, the Kretschmann configuration appears to be superior to the Otto configuration in terms of the efficiency of MO Kerr enhancement.
FORMAS PRONOMINAIS ALTERNANTES NA EXPRESSÃO DE P4 NA COSTA DA LAGOA, FLORIANÓPOLIS-SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Macedo Alencar Maria Cristina , Chambal Nhampoca Ezra Alberto 
Published: June 2016

Neste trabalho investigamos a alternância pronominal nós/a gente na realização de P4 no Português do Brasil. Seguindo os princípios da Sociolinguística Quantitativa Laboviana foram controladas variáveis linguísticas e sociais a fim de identificar que fatores condicionam o emprego de um ou outro pronome. Esse estudo focaliza o uso alternado dos pronomes em alusão, de falantes nativos da Costa da Lagoa, região não-urbana da cidade de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. Para realizar o trabalho, seguimos a metodologia da Sociolinguística Quantitativa Laboviana, analisamos um corpus de amostra sincrônica de língua falada do PB constituído de quatro entrevistas realizadas na Costa da Lagoa. Duas dessas entrevistas foram realizadas no âmbito do curso de Sociolinguística desenvolvido no segundo semestre do ano de dois mil e quatorze, no programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina e as outras duas entrevistas utilizadas são oriundas da amostra de Monguilhott (2009), o qual integra o banco de dados do projeto Variação Linguística na Região Sul do Brasil (VARSUL-Santa Catarina). Os dados coletados foram codificados e analisados estatisticamente com recurso do pacote estatístico Goldvarb X. Nossos resultados permitem-nos afirmar que a alternância pronominal nós/a gente para a realização de P4 no PB é condicionada linguisticamente pelo Preenchimento do sujeito e pelo Grau de determinação do referente sujeito, sendo que o sujeito preenchido e o referente sujeito mais genérico e indefinido favorecem essa realização pelo pronome a gente.