bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct lateral maneuvers in hawkmoths
Authors: Greeter Jeremy S. M. , Hedrick Tyson L. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTWe used videography to investigate direct lateral maneuvers, i.e. ‘sideslips’, of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta. M. sexta sideslip by rolling their entire body and wings to reorient their net force vector. During sideslip they increase net aerodynamic force by flapping with greater amplitude, (in both wing elevation and sweep), allowing them to continue to support body weight while rolled. To execute the roll maneuver we observed in sideslips, they use an asymmetric wing stroke; increasing the pitch of the roll-contralateral wing pair, while decreasing that of the roll-ipsilateral pair. They also increase the wing sweep amplitude of, and decrease the elevation amplitude of, the contralateral wing pair relative to the ipsilateral pair. The roll maneuver unfolds in a stairstep manner, with orientation changing more during downstroke than upstroke. This is due to smaller upstroke wing pitch angle asymmetries as well as increased upstroke flapping counter-torque from left-right differences in global reference frame wing velocity about the moth's roll axis. Rolls are also opposed by stabilizing aerodynamic moments from lateral motion, such that rightward roll velocity will be opposed by rightward motion. Computational modeling using blade-element approaches confirm the plausibility of a causal linkage between the previously mentioned wing kinematics and roll/sideslip. Model results also predict high degrees of axial and lateral damping. On the time scale of whole and half wing strokes, left-right wing pair asymmetries directly relate to the first, but not second, derivative of roll. Collectively, these results strongly support a roll-based sideslip with a high degree of roll damping in M. sexta.
The relationship between locus of control and humanitarian values of preschool education teacher candidates<p>Okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarinda denetim odaği ve insani değerler ilişkisi
Authors: Başal Handan Asude , Çelebi Müzeyyen , Malak Hacer 
Published: January 2016

<p>Locus of control is a concept examining who are what is responsible of the problems experienced by individiuals. In the most general sense, the values, which we can identify as having the features that make people humans and separate them from other beings, are obtained through modeling from childhood by observing first the parents in the family then adults in society. Especially in the preschool period, where the roots of personality are planted, the behaviors of preschool teachers are very important. The general aim of this research is to determine the locus of control and humanitarian values of preschool education teacher candidates and the relationship between these two concepts. The sample of the study is formed of 238 teacher candidates. Rotter Internal-External Locus of Control Scale, which was developed by Rotter (1966) and translated into Turkish by Dağ (1991), and Human Values Scale developed by Dilmaç (2007) were used in the research. Pearson Product -Moment Correlation, Independent Two-Group T-Test and One-Way Analysis of Variance were used in the research. It was determined that there is not a positively significant relation between the humanitarian values and locus of control of teacher candidates. Furthermore it was determined that there is not a significant difference in humanitarian values sub-dimensions in terms of grades.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Özet</strong></p><p>Denetim Odağı, bireylerin yaşantılarının nedenlerini konusunda sorumluluğu kime ve neye yüklediğini açıklayan kavramdır. En genel anlamda, insanı diğer canlılardan ayıran ve insanı insan yapan özelliklere sahip olma olarak tanımlayabileceğimiz değerler ise, çocukluktan itibaren önce ailede daha sonra toplumda yetişkinler gözlenerek ve model alma yoluyla edinilmektedir. Özellikle kişiliğin temel öğelerinin atıldığı okulöncesi eğitim döneminde anne ve babadan sonra okulöncesi eğitimi öğretmenin de davranışları çocuk için çok önem kazanmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın genel amacı; okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının denetim odakları ile insani değerleri arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını saptamaktır. Araştırmanın örneklemini toplam 238 okulöncesi eğitimi öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada Rotter (1966) tarafından geliştirilen ve Dağ (1991) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlaması yapılan Rotter İç-Dış Kontrol Odağı Ölçeği ile Dilmaç (2007) tarafından geliştirilen İnsani Değerler Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen verilere Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyon Katsayısı, T Testi ile Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda öğrencilerin denetim odakları ile insani değerleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca öğretmen adaylarının denetim odakları ve insani değerlerinin sınıf değişkenine göre de farklılaşmadığı görülmüştür.</p>
Sensitivity analysis of the residual stress state in friction stir welding of high strength aluminum alloy
Authors: Bachmann Marcel , Rethmeier Michael , Wu Chuan Song 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIn this paper, the friction stir welding process was numerically investigated for 6 mm thick aluminum alloy AA2024-T3. The finite element software COMSOL Multiphysics was used to calculate the transient thermal field during welding and the mechanical reaction depending on different mechanical clamping conditions and hardening models subsequently. A thermal pseudo-mechanical (TPM) heat source was implemented. Softening effects of the material due to precipitation hardening dissolution caused by the frictional heat were accounted for. The transient temperature evolution measured by thermocouple elements at various locations was compared to the numerical results. A good agreement was found for the thermal field. A sensitivity study of the mechanical models showed the strong influence of the clamping conditions and the softening model.
Microstructures of an AZ61 wrought magnesium alloy fabricated by a novel SPD process using thermomechanical simulation
Authors: Hu Hongjun , Sun Zhao , Wang Xiaoqing , Zhai Zhaiye , Dai Junlin , Yang Mingbo 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Extrusion-shear (ES), a novel severe plastic deformation (SPD) method which includes initial forward extrusion and a subsequent one step shearing process, has been developed to fabricate fine grained AZ61 Mg alloys in a Gleeble 1500D thermomechanical simulator for the first time. The effects of the ES process on the grain refinement of an as cast magnesium alloy were investigated at different extrusion speeds and the microstructures of the as processed billet and rods were investigated at right, central and left positions. It was found that the extrusion force caused by the ES process at 5 mm × s−1 is about 5 times of that caused at an extrusion speed of 1 mm × s−1. Besides, the increase of extrusion speed could improve the deformation stress. The ES extrusion causes serve plastic deformation and improves the dynamic recrystallization during the process. The results confirmed that the ES process can be used to refine the grains effectively and to produce serve plastic deformation. The microstructural investigation showed that grain sizes are finer in the bottom parts than in the other parts of the rod.
Experimental study on phase relationships in the Co-rich portion of the Co–Ti–Zr system
Authors: Pan Yafei , Zhou Peng , Du Yong , Peng Yingbiao , Chen Chong , Luo Fenghua 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe isothermal section at 1 050 °C and the liquidus projection in the Co-rich portion of the ternary Co–Ti–Zr system were determined. The microstructures and solidification paths of the as-cast alloys were established experimentally. The constituent phases and their compositions of both as-cast and heat-treated alloys were investigated by means of optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis. No ternary compound was observed. For the Co-rich portion of the isothermal section at 1 050 °C, there are four three-phase regions, αCo + TiCo3 + TiCo2 (h), αCo + TiCo2 (h) + (Ti,Zr)Co2 (c), αCo + (Ti,Zr)Co2 (c) + Zr6Co23 and αCo + Zr2Co11 + Zr6Co23. For the investigated liquidus projection, there exist six primary crystallization fields: αCo, TiCo3, TiCo2 (h), (Ti,Zr)Co2 (c), Zr2Co11 and Zr6Co23; three transition invariant reactions, L + αCo → TiCo3 + TiCo2 (h), L + (Ti,Zr)Co2 (c) → αCo + TiCo2 (h), and L + Zr6Co23 → αCo + Zr2Co11; and one eutectic invariant reaction of L → αCo + (Ti,Zr)Co2 (c) + Zr6Co23.
In-situ formation of MgO whiskers and CNTs and their influence on the mechanical properties of low-carbon MgO–C refractory composites
Authors: Luo Wei , Zhu Boquan , Li Xiangcheng , Chen Pingan , Ma Zheng , Wang Xuan 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The influence of the addition of Ni(NO3)2 · 6H2O on the microstructure and mechanical properties of low-carbon MgO–C refractory composites was investigated. The results indicated that MgO whiskers and carbon nanotubes could be generated in low-carbon MgO–C refractory composites with Ni(NO3)2 · 6H2O in a reducing atmosphere at 1 200 °C. The magnitudes of the cold crushing strength, the cold modulus of rupture, the fracture displacement, and the residual cold crushing strength are increased by 47 %, 66 %, 8 % and 26 %, respectively. The MgO–C refractory composites with the addition of 0.6 wt.% Ni(NO3)2 · 6H2O result in better overall properties. The MgO whiskers were generated via a dissolution–diffusion–precipitation mechanism, and their growth is in accordance with the vapour–liquid–solid model.
L’être père à la Réunion : réflexions théoriques. Approche éthno-psychanalytique
Authors: Goulois David 
Published: January 2016

Nous questionnons ici la fonction paternelle à l’île de la Réunion. Nous pensons que le contexte sociétal d’hier et d’aujourd’hui a façonné un « être père » qui n’est pas sans conséquences psychopathologiques sur la vie de famille : une absence du père et de sa loi, à la fois cause et conséquence d’une matrifocalité et d’un climat intra-familial incestuel, transmis trans-générationnellement. Nous proposons une lecture de la problématique sous l’angle ethno-psychanalytique.
Systémique et psychotraumatologie : une expérience intégrative face à la souffrance complexe
Authors: Jobin Catherine , Philippe Isabelle , Stern Daniel N. 
Published: January 2016

Les auteurs vous invitent à partager le récit du déroulement d’un processus thérapeutique familial et individuel réalisé par trois thérapeutes dans une situation complexe de maltraitance intrafamiliale avec inceste, ayant provoqué de graves troubles psychotraumatiques et relationnels. Nous examinons ensuite de quelle manière articuler, dans une perspective intégrative, les aspects systémiques et psychotraumatiques, les différents temps familiaux et individuels ; comment également coordonner les divers axes thérapeutiques individuel, systémique et EMDR, et enfin, ce qu’une telle expérience amène à vivre en tant qu’équipe thérapeutique.
La création des UHSA : une nouvelle régulation de l’enfermement ?
Authors: Contrast Collectif 
Published: January 2016

En 2010, à l’ouverture de la première UHSA, destinée à hospitaliser en psychiatrie des personnes détenues, critiques sécuritaires et défenseurs d’un outil d’égal accès aux soins s’opposent. Notre analyse interdisciplinaire de ce développement controversé croise la force normative des règles autorisant l’enfermement, le contexte de leur élaboration et leurs usages sociaux. À partir de textes juridiques et administratifs et d’entretiens avec les acteurs, nous montrons que la régulation dichotomique issue du XIX e siècle et l’essor des services psychiatriques en prison éclairent comment les règles élaborées pour les UHSA participent aux recompositions contemporaines du sens de l’enfermement.
Taxonomy of the New World Pseudichnea complex (Coleoptera: Cleridae: Peloniinae)
Authors: Opitz Weston 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe Pseudichnea complex involves the genera Ambitus, new genus, Ampleris, new genus, Sirpa, new genus, and Pseudichnea Schenkling. Ambitus includes one species, A. anticus Opitz, new species. Ampleris includes A. achira Opitz, new species, A. angustata Opitz, new species, A. cava Opitz, new species, A. orosi Opitz, new species, A. primitura Opitz, new species,A. rufocapilla Opitz, new species, and A. buenavista Opitz, new species.Pseudichnea includes P. acia Opitz, new species, P. arima Opitz, new species, P. eliminata Schenkling, and P. gracila Opitz, new species. Sirpa includes S. cauda Opitz, new species, S. flavoapiculis Opitz, new species, and S. skelleyi Opitz, new species. Morphological observations, particularly those based on mouthpart structure, suggest that these beetles are predatory. Their leg construction, especially development of the tarsal pads and ungues, suggest that they are lignicolous beetles that inhabit the woody components of arboreal vegetation, a niche in which they presumably pursue bark-beetle prey. Besides descriptions, this treatise includes a key to genera and species, 72 line drawings, eight electron micrographs, 16 habitus illustrations, and two distribution maps.
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase p110δ Isoform Regulates CD8+ T Cell Responses during Acute Viral and Intracellular Bacterial Infections
Authors: Gracias Donald T. , Boesteanu Alina C. , Fraietta Joseph A. , Hope Jennifer L. , Carey Alison J. , Mueller Yvonne M. , Kawalekar Omkar U. , Fike Adam J. , June Carl H. , Katsikis Peter D. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The p110δ isoform of PI3K is known to play an important role in immunity, yet its contribution to CTL responses has not been fully elucidated. Using murine p110δ-deficient CD8+ T cells, we demonstrated a critical role for the p110δ subunit in the generation of optimal primary and memory CD8+ T cell responses. This was demonstrated in both acute viral and intracellular bacterial infections in mice. We show that p110δ signaling is required for CD8+ T cell activation, proliferation and effector cytokine production. We provide evidence that the effects of p110δ signaling are mediated via Akt activation and through the regulation of TCR-activated oxidative phosphorylation and aerobic glycolysis. In light of recent clinical trials that employ drugs targeting p110δ in certain cancers and other diseases, our study suggests caution in using these drugs in patients, as they could potentially increase susceptibility to infectious diseases. These studies therefore reveal a novel and direct role for p110δ signaling in in vivo CD8+ T cell immunity to microbial pathogens.
Exploración en tiempo real de la reconstrucción virtual de los instrumentos del Pórtico de la Gloria
Authors: Méndez Roi , Otero Antonio , Jarque Samuel , Flores Julián 
Published: January 2016

<p>This article presents the development of a system to perform the interactive visualization of the virtual reconstruction of the instruments of the Portico de la Gloria.<br />We describe the process followed for creating a specific set of hardware and software centered on the user that, through a tangible interface, allows interaction with highly realistic 3D views of the instruments of the Portico. The system, using computer vision techniques to control human-computer interaction, allows a user to interact with 3D models in an intuitive and easy way. This will make these models accessible to non-experts, making the system an ideal choice for its exhibition in museums.</p>
Computer Tool for Automatically Generated 3D Illustration in Real Time from Archaeological Scanned Pieces
Authors: López Luis , Arroyo Germán , Martín Domingo 
Published: January 2016

<p>The graphical documentation process of archaeological pieces requires the active involvement of a professional artist to recreate beautiful illustrations using a wide variety of expressive techniques. Frequently, the artist’s work is limited by the inconvenience of working only with the photographs of the pieces he is going to illustrate. This paper presents a software tool that allows the easy generation of illustrations in real time from 3D scanned models. The developed interface allows the user to simulate very elaborate artistic styles through the creation of diagrams by using the available virtual lights. The software processes the diagrams to render an illustration from any given angle or position. Among the available virtual lights, there are well known techniques as silhouettes enhancement, hatching or toon shading.</p>
Comprensión del modelo hereditario de Mendel tras la enseñanza habitual en alumnos de educación secundaria obligatoria
Authors: García Lillo José Antonio , Quinto Medrano Patricia , Martínez Torregrosa Joaquín 
Published: January 2016

Mostrar que una nueva propuesta de enseñanza produce mejores actitudes y aprendizajes en los alumnos requiere disponer de un análisis de lo que se hace y se consigue con la enseñanza habitual. Para realizar dicho análisis se ha efectuado un estudio histórico y epistemológico de la evolución de las ideas en genética clásica, identificando los problemas que están en su origen, las ideas que permitieron avanzar y los obstáculos que hubo que superar. Como resultado de dicho estudio se han seleccionado un conjunto de indicadores de aprendizaje que deberían manifestarse en aquellas personas que hubieran comprendido los aspectos esenciales del modelo de herencia mendeliana, que se imparte en 4º de ESO. Dichos indicadores se han utilizado para analizar el aprendizaje tras la enseñanza convencional del tema. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos que muestran las deficiencias más comunes y justifican la necesidad de una propuesta diferente.
Crystal structures of chitin binding domains of chitinase from Thermococcus kodakarensis KOD1
Authors: Hanazono Yuya , Takeda Kazuki , Niwa Satomi , Hibi Masahito , Takahashi Naoya , Kanai Tamotsu , Atomi Haruyuki , Miki Kunio 
Published: January 2016

Chitinase from T. kodakarensis (TkChiA) catalyzes the hydrolysis of chitin. The enzyme consists of two catalytic and three binding domains (ChBD1, ChBD2 and ChBD3). ChBD2 and ChBD3 can bind to not only chitin but also cellulose. In both domains, the intervals of the side chains of the three tryptophan residues, which are located on the molecular surface, correspond to twice the length of the lattice of the chitin. A binding model with crystalline chitin implies that the tryptophan residues and a glutamate residue interact with the hexose ring by CH‐π interactions and the amide group by a hydrogen bond, respectively.
Influence of the construction process and nonstructural components on the modal properties of a five‐story building
Authors: Astroza Rodrigo , Ebrahimian Hamed , Conte Joel P. , Restrepo José I. , Hutchinson Tara C. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryA full‐scale five‐story reinforced concrete building was built and tested on the NEES‐UCSD shake table during the period from May 2011 to May 2012. The purpose of this test program was to study the response of the structure and nonstructural components and systems (NCSs) and their dynamic interaction during seismic base excitation of different intensities. The building specimen was tested first under a base‐isolated condition and then under a fixed‐based condition. As the building was being erected, an accelerometer array was deployed on the specimen to study the evolution of its modal parameters during the construction process and placement of major NCSs. A sequence of dynamic tests, including daily ambient vibration, shock (free vibration) and forced vibration tests (low‐amplitude white noise and seismic base excitations), were performed on the building at different stages of construction. Different state‐of‐the‐art system identification methods, including three output‐only and two input‐output methods, were used to estimate the modal properties of the building. The obtained results allow to investigate in detail the effects of the construction process and NCSs on the dynamic parameters of this building system and to compare the modal properties obtained from different methods, as well as the performance of these methods. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Associations between attending physician workload, teaching effectiveness, and patient safety
Authors: Wingo Majken T. , Halvorsen Andrew J. , Beckman Thomas J. , Johnson Matthew G. , Reed Darcy A. 
Published: January 2016

BACKGROUNDPrior studies suggest that high workload among attending physicians may be associated with reduced teaching effectiveness and poor patient outcomes, but these relationships have not been investigated using objective measures of workload and safety.OBJECTIVETo examine associations between attending workload, teaching effectiveness, and patient safety, hypothesizing that higher workload would be associated with lower teaching effectiveness and negative patient outcomes.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSWe conducted a retrospective study of 69,386 teaching evaluation items submitted by 543 internal medicine residents for 107 attending physicians who supervised inpatient teaching services from July 2, 2005 to July 1, 2011.MEASUREMENTSAttending workload measures included hospital service census, patient length of stay, daily admissions, daily discharges, and concurrent outpatient duties. Teaching effectiveness was measured using residents' evaluations of attendings. Patient outcomes considered were applicable patient safety indicators (PSIs), intensive care unit transfers, cardiopulmonary resuscitation/rapid response team calls, and patient deaths. Mixed linear models and generalized linear regression models were used for statistical analysis.RESULTSWorkload measures of midnight census and daily discharges were associated with lower teaching evaluation scores (both β = −0.026, P < 0.0001). The number of daily admissions was associated with higher teaching scores (β = 0.021, P = 0.001) and increased PSIs (odds ratio = 1.81, P = 0.0001).CONCLUSIONSeveral measures of attending physician workload were associated with slightly lower teaching effectiveness, and patient safety may be compromised when teams are managing new admissions. Ongoing efforts by residency programs to optimize the learning environment should include strategies to manage the workload of supervising attendings. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2016;11:169–173. © 2016 Society of Hospital Medicine