bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Never again: Lessons of genocide in survivor testimonies from the Holocaust, Nanjing massacre and Rwandan genocide
Authors: Vollhardt Johanna Ray , Konushevci Trina , Macedonci Amer , Lee Hyomin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the aftermath of traumatic events, individuals and groups seek to make sense of these experiences. ‘Never again’ is often considered the primary lesson of genocide. Yet, people may understand this lesson in different ways, and other lessons may also be relevant. The present paper reports a qualitative content analysis of publicly available testimonies from survivors of the Holocaust, the Rwandan Genocide and the Nanjing Massacre (N = 200), examining the lessons of genocide that these survivors shared publicly. We identified six broad categories of lessons that were represented across contexts and extended the lessons commonly considered: Lessons on the individual and interpersonal level, on the ingroup level, the (inclusive) intergroup level, the universal level, and concerning both collective memories and the future. These lessons go beyond ‘never again’ and show different individual and societal obligations and insights that survivors sharing their testimony deem most important to learn from their experience of genocide.
Investigating pedagogical opportunities of educational technologies in developing countries: Physics Education Technology workshops for Bangladeshi science, technology, engineering and mathematics teachers
Authors: Toma Mohosina Jabin , Tembrevilla Gerald , Milner‐Bolotin Marina 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRecently, an unprecedented number of people worldwide gained access to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education technologies. However, educators in developing countries encounter distinct challenges when attempting to incorporate these innovations into their practice. This mixed‐method study investigates the adoption of Physics Education Technology (PhET) computer simulations by secondary STEM teachers in Bangladesh. The study explored the challenges these educators face in learning to integrate PhET‐enhanced pedagogies and to assess the potential of this technology in developing nations. The primary researcher, a native Bangladeshi science educator, facilitated 3 h long workshops for 129 teachers, enabling the team to gather unique insights. Data collection encompassed online questionnaires, observations, and interviews. The analysis uncovered struggles faced by teachers which include limited pedagogical skills and subject knowledge, constrained lesson time, insufficient school support, restricted access to technology, and poor technological expertise. Despite these difficulties, educators acknowledged the potential of PhET‐enhanced pedagogies to improve student engagement. This study suggests that developing nations can leverage PhET's offline accessibility, wealth of teaching resources, and diverse language options within simulations to realize significant benefits. To address the identified challenges, we recommend translating PhET resources into native languages, developing instructional videos, employing flipped classroom methodologies, providing additional teacher training, and establishing professional learning communities. Moreover, the research underscores the potential of PhET to advance STEM education not only in Bangladesh but also in other developing countries with similar circumstances. Future studies could explore the impact of professional learning communities on facilitating the integration of technology to enhance STEM learning.
Ginkgo biloba active compounds can modulate the development of acute mountain sickness and ischemic stroke as discovered by network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Guo Haoran , Kang Xueran , Xu Ying , Wang Chengbin , Wang Chi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundA combination of molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and herbal network pharmacology was used to investigate the shared key targets and potential mechanisms underlying the preventive effects of Ginkgo biloba active compounds against acute mountain sickness (AMS) and ischemic stroke (IS).Material and MethodsThe Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform was used to screen the main active compounds of Ginkgo biloba and their corresponding targets. We obtained AMS‐related genes by mining several databases and cross‐correlated them with key active compounds of Ginkgo biloba to identify relevant action targets for treating AMS. The STRING database was used to construct a protein–protein interaction network of the effect of Ginkgo biloba active compounds on AMS targets. The expression of genes in the network was analyzed in an IS dataset to identify common key targets of Ginkgo biloba active compounds for both AMS and IS prevention.ResultsThe intersection between the targets of Ginkgo biloba active compounds and AMS‐related genes identified 43 overlapping genes. Analysis of the protein–protein interaction network showed that VEGFA, TP53, SERPINE1, and PTGS2 were among the key hub genes. Analysis of the IS dataset identified significant differences in the expression levels of CAT, TP53, CXCL8, NFKBIA, and PTGS2. These genes were used to construct a visual nomogram prediction model for IS prognosis with promising clinical implications. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations indicated that sesamin stably targeted and bound to PTGS2.ConclusionsActive ingredients of Ginkgo biloba, including luteolin, quercetin, and sesamin, have the potential to modulate the development of AMS and IS through targeted interactions with key proteins, including TP53, CXCL8, NFKBIA, PTGS2, and CAT.
Sphingolipid metabolites as potential circulating biomarkers for sarcopenia in men
Authors: Seo Je Hyun , Koh Jung‐Min , Cho Han Jin , Kim Hanjun , Lee Young‐Sun , Kim Su Jung , Yoon Pil Whan , Kim Won , Bae Sung Jin , Kim Hong‐Kyu , Yoo Hyun Ju , Lee Seung Hun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia is an age‐related progressive loss of muscle mass and function. Sarcopenia is a multifactorial disorder, including metabolic disturbance; therefore, metabolites may be used as circulating biomarkers for sarcopenia. We aimed to investigate potential biomarkers of sarcopenia using metabolomics.MethodsAfter non‐targeted metabolome profiling of plasma from mice of an aging mouse model of sarcopenia, sphingolipid metabolites and muscle cells from the animal model were evaluated using targeted metabolome profiling. The associations between sphingolipid metabolites identified from mouse and cell studies and sarcopenia status were assessed in men in an age‐matched discovery (72 cases and 72 controls) and validation (36 cases and 128 controls) cohort; women with sarcopenia (36 cases and 36 controls) were also included as a discovery cohort.ResultsBoth non‐targeted and targeted metabolome profiling in the experimental studies showed an association between sphingolipid metabolites, including ceramides (CERs) and sphingomyelins (SMs), and sarcopenia. Plasma SM (16:0), CER (24:1), and SM (24:1) levels in men with sarcopenia were significantly higher in the discovery cohort than in the controls (all P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in plasma sphingolipid levels for women with or without sarcopenia. In men in the discovery cohort, an area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of SM (16:0) for low muscle strength and low muscle mass was 0.600 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.501–0.699) and 0.647 (95% CI: 0.557–0.737). The AUROC (95% CI) of CER (24:1) and SM (24:1) for low muscle mass in men was 0.669 (95% CI: 0.581–0.757) and 0.670 (95% CI: 0.582–0.759), respectively. Using a regression equation combining CER (24:1) and SM (16:0) levels, a sphingolipid (SphL) score was calculated; an AUROC of the SphL score for sarcopenia was 0.712 (95% CI: 0.626–0.798). The addition of the SphL score to HGS significantly improved the AUC from 0.646 (95% CI: 0.575–0.717; HGS only) to 0.751 (95% CI: 0.671–0.831, P = 0.002; HGS + SphL) in the discovery cohort. The predictive ability of the SphL score for sarcopenia was confirmed in the validation cohort (AUROC = 0.695, 95% CI: 0.591–0.799).ConclusionsSM (16:0), reflecting low muscle strength, and CER (24:1) and SM (16:0), reflecting low muscle mass, are potential circulating biomarkers for sarcopenia in men. Further research on sphingolipid metabolites is required to confirm these results and provide additional insights into the metabolomic changes relevant to the pathogenesis and diagnosis of sarcopenia.
Comparison of Zybio Kit and saponin in‐house method in rapid identification of bacteria from positive blood cultures by EXS2600 matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry system
Authors: Peras Mislav , Mareković Ivana , Kuliš Tomislav , Markanović Manda , Budimir Ana 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe evaluated the performance of Zybio EXS2600 matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS) (Zybio Inc., Chongqing, China) for the identification of bacteria from positive blood culture (BC) bottles using Blood Culture Positive Sample Pretreatment Kit (Zybio Inc., Chongqing, China) in comparison to an in‐house saponin method. Following a positive signal by the BACTEC™ FX system, confirmation of identification was achieved using subcultured growing biomass used for MALDI‐TOF MS analysis. A total of 94 positive BC bottles with 97 bacterial isolates were analyzed. The overall identification rates at the genus and species levels for the saponin method were 89.7% (87/97) and 74.2% (72/97), respectively. With the Zybio Kit, 88.7% (86/97) and 80.4% (78/97) of microorganisms were correctly identified to the genus and species levels, respectively. The saponin method identified 65.3% (32/49) of Gram‐positive bacteria at the species level, whereas the Zybio Kit achieved a higher species‐level identification rate of 79.6% (39/49) (p = 0.1153). The saponin method with additional on‐plate formic acid extraction showed a significantly higher overall identification rate in comparison to the saponin method without that step for both genus (87.6% [85/97] vs. 70.1% [68/97], p = 0.0029) and species level (70.1% [68/97] vs. 46.4% [45/97], p = 0.0008). Identification rates of Gram‐negative bacteria showed a higher identification rate, however, not statistically significant with additional Zybio Kit protocol step on both genus (85.4% [41/48] vs. 81.3% [39/48], p = 0.5858) and species level (77.1% [37/48] vs. 75% [36/48], p = 0.8120). Zybio Kit could offer an advantage in species‐level identification, particularly for Gram‐positive bacteria. The inclusion of on‐plate formic acid extraction in the saponin method notably enhanced identification at both genus and species levels for Gram‐positive bacteria. The extended protocol provided by the Zybio Kit could potentially offer an advantage in the identification of Gram‐negative bacteria at both genus and species levels. Enhancements to the Zybio EXS2600 MALDI‐TOF instrument software database are necessary.
Biological factors and production challenges drive significant UK fruit and vegetable loss
Authors: Gage Ewan , Terry Leon A. , Falagán Natalia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDFood loss and waste estimates are highly inconsistent as a result of methodological and systemic differences. Additionally, the absence of in‐depth evidence surrounding the biological drivers of food loss and waste precludes targeted mitigation action. To address this challenge, we undertook a metanalysis utilising a systematic literature review combined with industry stakeholder surveys to examine the incidence of food loss and waste in the UK fruit and vegetable supply chain between primary production and retail.RESULTSWe estimated that 37% of fruit and vegetables, equivalent to 2.4 Mt of produce, is lost between production and sale. In the UK, primary production is the main stage responsible for these losses (58%), and is dominated by four crops (apple, onion, carrot and potato), which contribute 71% of total food loss and waste. Quality and supply/demand mismatch are the core drivers, combined with limited ability to control postharvest quality decline as a result of technical or economic barriers.CONCLUSIONSInnate biological mechanisms contribute to, and detract from, marketable quality generating food loss risks where these cannot be adequately modified or controlled. Through climate change effects, reduced pesticide availability, changing consumer behaviour and increased pressure to reduce resource/energy inputs during pre‐ and postharvest handling, food loss and waste risk is likely to increase in the short term unless targeted, coordinated action is taken to actively promote its mitigation. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Effects of soy protein isolate interaction with brown rice starch on the multiscale structure of brown rice bread
Authors: Wang Yuan‐yuan , Yang Yang , Bian Xin , Ma Chun‐min , Ren Li‐kun , Fu Yu , Liu Bao‐xiang , Fu Jia‐ning , Shi Yan‐guo , Zhang Na 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundGluten‐free bread (GFB) has technical bottlenecks such as hard texture, rough taste and low nutrition in practical production. In order to solve these problems, this study used germinated brown rice starch as the main raw material, and investigated the effects of soybean isolate protein (SPI) on the multiscale structure of germinated brown rice starch and bread quality.ResultsA gluten‐free rice bread process simulation system was established, and the interaction between SPI and starch in the simulation system was characterized. The result shows that the interaction forces between SPI and germinated brown rice starch were mainly represented by hydrogen bonds, and with the addition of SPI, the crystallinity of starch showed a downward trend. At the same time, when the amount of SPI was 3%, the appearance quality was the best and the specific volume of bread was 1.08 mL g−1. When the amount of SPI was 6%, the texture quality was the best. Compared with the bread without SPI, the hardness of the bread with 6% SPI was reduced by 0.13 times, the springiness was increased by 0.03 times, the color was the most vibrant, the L* value being 1.02 times the original, and the baking loss was reduced to 0.98 times the original.ConclusionsThe interaction force between SPI and germinated brown rice starch and its effect on bread quality were clarified, and these results inform choices about providing a theoretical basis for the subsequent development of higher‐quality GFB. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
In vitro and in vivo effects of Galectin‐3 inhibitor TD139 on inflammation and ERK/JNK/p38 pathway in gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Xia Ji , Wang Yan , Qi Bang‐Ruo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the effects of the Galectin‐3 (Gal‐3) inhibitor TD139 on inflammation and the extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK)/c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK)/p38 pathway in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Human placental tissues were treated with TD139 and TNF‐α, assessing Gal‐3, ERK/JNK/p38 activation, and inflammatory cytokines. GDM was induced in mice via subcutaneous injections of streptozotocin (STZ). After confirming GDM, mice were treated with 15 mg/kg TD139 on GD 10.5 12.5, 14.5, 16.5, and 18.5. Serum inflammatory cytokines were measured on GD 20.5, and post‐delivery placental tissues were analyzed. Data were analyzed using one‐way or two‐way repeated measures ANOVA with post hoc tests. TD139 suppressed TNF‐α‐induced increases in Gal‐3, IL‐1β, IL‐6, MCP‐1, and ERK/JNK/p38 activation in placental tissues. In STZ‐induced GDM mice, TD139 reduced glucose levels, weight loss, and food and water intake. TD139 significantly lowered TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and MCP‐1 in serum and placental tissues and inhibited the ERK/JNK/p38 pathway. TD139 improved pup numbers in GDM mice compared to untreated ones. TD139 reduces inflammation and inhibits the ERK/JNK/p38 pathway in TNF‐α stimulated placental tissues and STZ‐induced GDM mice, suggesting its therapeutic potential for managing GDM‐related placental inflammation and improving pregnancy outcomes. The study used TNF‐α to mimic GDM in placental tissues and an STZ‐induced GDM mouse model, which may not fully represent human GDM complexity. Future research should explore alternative models, and broader signaling pathways, and thoroughly evaluate TD139's safety in pregnancy.
Rethinking Surgical Margins: A New Approach to Predict Outcomes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Dudkiewicz Dean , Yosefof Eyal , Shpitzer Thomas , Mizrachi Aviram , Yehuda Moshe , Shoffel‐Havakuk Hagit , Bachar Gideon 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThe traditional categorical division of surgical margins using a 5 mm cutoff in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) is controversial. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the presence of an optimal cutoff point or, alternatively, assess the potential improvement in predictive value by considering the surgical margins as a continuum.MethodsRetrospective analysis of OCSCC patients at a tertiary medical center in 1995–2020. Clinical, pathological, and surgical data were evaluated for effect on survivability by regression analyses.ResultsThe cohort included 266 patients (48.1% male, mean age 65.4 ± 17.7). Patient stratification by categorical margin status yielded no significant between‐group differences in survival (p = 0.54). Significance was achieved when margin distance was reevaluated as a continuous variable (p = 0.0018). Similar results were shown in local control (categorical p = 0.59 vs. continuous p = 0.06). Multivariate model excluded possible confounders. A predictive model was created to provide a more accurate prediction of survival.ConclusionsThe continuum spectrum of margin distance better predicts survival outcomes and locoregional control in OCSCC.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 2024
In Situ Fabrication of Multi‐Site Contacted Perovskite/Organic Hybrid Color Converter for Indoor Lighting and Light Communication
Authors: Yao Tianliang , Yang Zhi , Gu Linyuan , Yao Jisong , Wang Shalong , Fan Wenxuan , Nong Yingyi , Song Jizhong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDesigning fast‐response and efficient color converter is of significance for indoor white light‐emitting diode (WLED) lighting and visible light communication (i.e., Light Fidelity, LiFi) application. Green‐emitting CsPbBr3 quantum dots combined with red organic emitters are promising candidates. However, organic emitters cannot offer an adequate red emission intensity when they have a low weight fraction in the color converter. Herein, a multi‐site contacted CsPbBr3/organic color converter is fabricated with an efficient red emission via an in situ solid‐phase fabrication technique. It is found that the multi‐site contacted color converter has a 2.1 times higher red emission intensity compared to the physically mixed hybrid due to a more efficient energy transfer from CsPbBr3 to organic emitters. Resultantly, the multi‐site contacted WLED exhibits a color rendering index (CRI) of 86 and a luminous efficacy (LE) of 100 lm W−1, which are much higher than the physically mixed hybrid with a CRI of 49 and a LE of 60 lm W−1. In addition, WLEDs present a superior visible light communication capability, evidenced by an opened‐eye diagram at the data rate of 5 Mbps. This study indicates the design and fabrication of perovskite/organic color converter are significant for constructing efficient and fast‐response WLEDs for the indoor LiFi application.
The Effect of Immobilization Methods of P9‐4 Antimicrobial Peptide Onto Gelatin Methacrylate on Multidrug‐Resistant Bacteria: A Comparative Study
Authors: Pulat Günnur , Çelebi Nisa Nilsu , Bilgiç Eda 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWound dressings play a crucial role in wound management by providing a protective barrier and creating an optimal environment for healing. Photocrosslinkable hydrogels, such as gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), have gained attention for their unique properties but often lack antimicrobial activity. To enhance their effectiveness, researchers are exploring methods to incorporate antimicrobial agents into photocrosslinkable hydrogel dressings. Immobilization of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) onto hydrogel matrices may be achieved through physical or chemical methods. Although, chemical immobilization, using techniques like EDC/NHS chemistry, has shown promise in enhancing antimicrobial properties of hydrogels, the capacity for immobilization may be limited by the structure of hydrogel. Physical methods, such as immersing, offer alternatives but may have different efficacy and biocompatibility. The study aims to chemically immobilize GelMA with P9‐4 AMP by photoinduced conjugation and EDC/NHS chemistry and compare its antimicrobial efficacy with a physical immobilization method. Chemical immobilization by EDC/NHS chemistry significantly enhances the antimicrobial effect of GelMA hydrogels against multi‐drug resistant Psuedomonas aeruginosa (MDR P. aeruginosa) and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) while maintaining favorable biocompatibility. Study highlights the potential of AMP‐functionalized GelMA as advanced wound dressings for reducing infections caused by antibiotic‐resistant bacteria and offers a promising approach for future research in wound management.
Resveratrol: Challenges and prospects in extraction and hybridization with nanoparticles, polymers, and bio‐ceramics
Authors: Ben Dassi Roua , Ibidhi Salah , Jemai Hedya , Cherif Ameur , Driouich Chaouachi Rim 
Published: September 2024

AbstractResveratrol (RSV), a bioactive natural phenolic compound found in plants, fruits, and vegetables, has garnered significant attention in pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries due to its remarkable biological and pharmacological activities. Despite its potential in treating various diseases, its poor pharmacokinetic properties, such as low solubility, stability, bioavailability, and susceptibility to rapid oxidation, limit its biomedical applications. Recent advancements focus on incorporating resveratrol into innovative materials like nanoparticles, polymers, and bio‐ceramics to enhance its properties and bioavailability. In this review, an exhaustive literature search was conducted from PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to explore these advancements, to compares conventional and innovative extraction methods, and to highlights resveratrol's therapeutic potential, including its anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidative, anti‐cancerogenic, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and cardio‐protective properties. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and prospects of hybrid materials combining resveratrol with nanoparticles, polymers, and bio‐ceramics for therapeutic applications. Rigorous studies are still needed to confirm their clinical efficacy.