bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Some sufficient conditions for the existence of positive solutions to the equation $−∆u + a(x)u = u^{2*−1}$ in bounded domains
Authors: Passaseo Donato 
Published: February 2017

This paper is concerned with the problem

\tag{$\ast$}
\begin{cases}
−\mathrm{\Delta }u + a(x)u = u^{\frac{n + 2}{n−2}} & \mathrm{in }\:Ω \\
u > 0\:\:\mathrm{in}\:\:Ω;\:\:\:u = 0 & \mathrm{on }\:∂Ω
\end{cases}

where

Ω

is a bounded domain in

ℝ^n

with

n ≥ 3

and

a(x)

is a nonnegative function in

Ω

. We give some conditions on the function

a(x)

, sufficient to guarantee the existence and multiplicity of solutions for the considered problem without any assumption on the shape of

Ω

.

Résumé

On considère le problème (

\ast

) où

Ω

est un ouvert borné de

ℝ^n

avec

n ≥ 3

et

a(x)

une fonction non-négative dans

Ω

.

On établit des conditions sur la fonction

a(x)

suffisantes pour assurer l’existence et la multiplicité de solutions du problème considéré sans aucune condition sur la forme de

Ω

.
Partial regularity for minimizers of variational integrals with discontinuous integrands
Authors: Hamburger Christoph 
Published: February 2017

We prove partial regularity for vector-valued minimizers

u

of the variational integral

\int \:[f\:(x,\:u,\:Du)\: + \:g\:(x,\:u)]\:dx

, where

f

is strictly quasiconvex, of polynomial growth and continuous, but where

g

is only a bounded Carathéodory function. We present an
elementary
proof for the special case of strict convexity and quadratic growth of

f (x, u, ·)

.

Résumé

Nous donnons la preuve d’une régularité partielle pour des minimiseurs à valeurs vectorielles de l’intégrale variationnelle

\int \:[f\:(x,\:u,\:Du)\: + \:g\:(x,\:u)]\:dx

, où

f

est strictement quasiconvexe, à croissance polynomiale et continue, mais où

g

est seulement une fonction bornée de type Carathéodory. Nous présentons une preuve « élémentaire » pour un cas spécial de convexité stricte et de croissance quadratique de

f (x, u, ·)

.
Viscosity solutions of nonlinear integro-differential equations
Authors: Alvarez Olivier , Tourin Agnès 
Published: February 2017

We investigate the questions of the existence and uniqueness of viscosity solutions to the Cauchy problem for integro-differential PDEs with nonlinear integral term. The existence of a solution is established by considering semicontinuous subsolutions and supersolutions and applying Perron’s method. Uniqueness is proved for both bounded and unbounded solutions. These results are then applied to a problem arising in Finance, namely the stochastic differential utility model under mixed Poisson–Brownian information.

Résumé
Nous étudions l’existence et l’unicité de solutions de viscosité du problème de Cauchy pour des équations aux dérivées partielles integro-différentielles dont Ie terme intégral est non linéaire. L’existence est obtenue par Ia méthode de Perron et des principes de comparaison sont prouvés pour des fonctions bornées ou non bornées. Enfin, nous appliquons ces résultats au modèle économique d’utilité différentielle stochastique adaptée à Ia filtration engendrée par un mouvement Brownien et un processus de Poisson.
Global strong solutions in Sobolev or Lebesgue spaces to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in ℝ3
Authors: Planchon F. 
Published: February 2017

We construct global strong solutions of the Navier–Stokes equations with sufficiently oscillating initial data. We will show that the condition is for the norm in some Besov space to be small enough.

Résumé
Nous construisons des solutions fortes globales des équations de Navier–Stokes, pour des données initiales suffisamment oscillantes. Cette condition se traduit en terme de norme petite dans un certain espace de Besov.
On the regularity of edges in image segmentation
Authors: Bonnet A. 
Published: February 2017

We present a series of results on the regularity of edges in the Mumford–Shah minimization process. We prove that an isolated connected component of the edge set is a finite union of

C^{1,1}

arcs. A fundamental step of the proof is the characterization of the four possible global-minimizers having a connected edge.

Résumé

Nous présentons une série de résultats sur la régularité des contours des minima de la fonctionnelle de Mumford–Shah. Sous certaines hypothèses de connexité on montre que le contours est une union finie d’arcs

C^{1,1}

. Une étape fondamentale de la démonstration est la caractérisation des quatre possibles minima globaux ayant un contour connexe.
The local ill-posedness of the modified KdV equation
Authors: Birnir Björn , Ponce Gustavo , Svanstedt Nils 
Published: February 2017

We find a new method for proving the local ill-posedness of the Cauchy problem for non-linear partial differential equations. The method is used to prove that the Cauchy problem for the Modified KdV equation is ill-posed in Sobolev spaces

H^s(R)

,

s < −1/2

.

Résumé

Nous présentons une nouvelle méthode pour démontrer que le problème de Cauchy est localement mal posé dans des équations aux dérivées partielles non linéaires. Nous appliquons cette méthode pour démontrer que le problème de Cauchy pour l’équation de KdV modifiée est mal posé dans l’espace de Sobolev

H^s(R)

,

s < −1/2

.
Asymptotics for L2 minimal blow-up solutions of critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Authors: Merle Frank 
Published: February 2017

In this note, we describe the behavior of a sequence

v_{n}:ℝ^{N}\rightarrow ℂ

minimal in

L^2

such that

\frac{1}{2}\int \left|\mathrm{∇}v_{n}\right|^{2}−\frac{1}{\frac{4}{N} + 2}\:\int \left|v_{n}\right|^{\frac{4}{N} + 2}\: \leq \:\:E_{0}

and

\left|v_{n}\right|_{H^{1}}\rightarrow + ∞

.

Résumé

Dans cette note, on explicite de façon optimale le comportement d'une suite

v_{n}:ℝ^{N}\rightarrow ℂ

de norme

L^2

minimale telle que

\frac{1}{2}\int \left|\mathrm{∇}v_{n}\right|^{2}−\frac{1}{\frac{4}{N} + 2}\int \left|v_{n}\right|^{\frac{4}{N} + 2} \leq E_{0}

et

\left|v_{n}\right|_{H^{1}}\rightarrow + ∞

.
Remarks on $W^{1,p}$-stability of the conformal set in higher dimensions
Authors: Yan Baisheng 
Published: February 2017

In this paper, we study the stability of maps in

W^{1,p}

that are close to the conformal set

K_1 = \mathbf{R}^+ · \mathit{SO}(n)

in an averaged sense as described in Definition 1.1. We prove that

K_1

is

W^{1,p}

-compact for all

p ≥ n

but is not

W^{1,p}

-stable for any

1 ≤ p < n/2

when

n ≥ 3

. We also prove a coercivity estimate for the integral functional

\int _{\mathbf{R}^{n}}d_{K_{1}}^{p}(\nabla \mathrm{\phi }(x))\:dx

on

W^{1,p}(\mathbf{R}^n; \mathbf{R}^n)

for certain values of

p

lower than

n

using some new estimates for weak solutions of

p

-harmonic equations.

Résumé

Dans cet article, nous étudions la stabilité des applications dans

W^{1,p}

qui sont proches de l’ensemble conforme

K_1 = \mathbf{R}^+ · \mathit{SO}(n)

dans un sens moyenné décrit dans la Définition 1.1. Nous prouvons que

K_1

est

W^{1,p}

-compact pour

p ≥ n

mais n’est pas

W^{1,p}

-stable pour tout

1 ≤ p < n/2

si

n ≥ 3

. Nous prouvons aussi une estimée de coercivité pour la fonctionnelle

\int _{\mathbf{R}^{n}}d_{K_{1}}^{p}(\nabla \mathrm{\phi }(x))\:dx

on

W^{1,p}(\mathbf{R}^n; \mathbf{R}^n)

pour certaines valeurs de

p

inférieures à

n

en utilisant des estimées nouvelles pour des solutions faibles d’équations

p

-harmoniques.
Stable intersections of Cantor sets and homoclinic bifurcations
Authors: de A. Moreira Carlos Gustavo T. 
Published: February 2017

We study intersections of dynamically defined Cantor sets and consequences to dynamical systems. The concept of stable intersection of two dynamically defined Cantor sets is introduced. We prove that if the stable and unstable Cantor sets associated to a homoclinic bifurcation have a stable intersection, then there are open sets in the parameter line with positive density at the initial bifurcating value, for which the corresponding diffeomorphisms are not hyperbolic. We present conditions more general than the ones previously known that assure stable intersections. We also present conditions for hyperbolicity to be of positive density at homoclinic bifurcations. This allow us to provide persistent one-parameter families of homoclinic bifurcations that present both hyperbolicity and homoclinic tangencies with positive density at the initial bifurcating value in the parameter line.

Résumé
Nous étudions des intersections d’ensembles de Cantor et ses conséquences sur les systèmes dynamiques. Le concept d’intersection stable de deux ensembles de Cantor dynamiquement définis est ici introduit. Nous prouvons que si les ensembles de Cantor stable et instable associés à une bifurcation homoclinique ont une intersection stable, alors il y a des ensembles ouverts dans la ligne de paramètres avec densité positive dans la valeur initiale de bifurcation pour lesquels les difféomorphismes ne sont pas hyperboliques.
Nous présentons des conditions qui assurent des intersections stables, plus générales que les conditions préalablement connues. Nous présentons aussi des conditions pour que l’hyperbolicité ait densité positive aux bifurcations homocliniques. Cela nous permet de présenter des exemples persistents de familles de bifurcations homocliniques à un paramètre qui présentent en même temps de l’hyperbolicité et des tangences homocliniques avec densité positive dans la valeur initiale de bifurcation dans la ligne de paramètre.
Psychological Correlates of Civilian Preparedness for Conflicts
Authors: Bodas Moran , Siman-Tov Maya , Kreitler Shulamith , Peleg Kobi 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTObjectivesPreparedness for emergencies and disasters is imperative for public resilience. Previous studies have revealed low levels of civilian preparedness for conflicts. Classic behavioral models prove inapt in describing preparedness patterns in victimized populations chronically exposed to this threat. In an effort to expand this perspective, we hypothesized that other psychological constructs are correlated with preparedness.MethodsA cross-sectional, Internet-based study was performed in Israel in early 2016. A sociodemographically diverse sample included 385 participants, Jews and Arabs. The tools included a preparedness index, sense of preparedness questionnaire, Trait Anxiety Inventory, Life Orientation Test, Behavioral Inhibition & Activation System scales, and ego defenses.ResultsThe results suggested that optimistic and rational individuals reported significantly higher levels of preparedness, whereas those who scored highly on the trait anxiety scale and those with a tendency to use denial coping mechanisms reported significantly lower levels of preparedness.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that additional constructs, other than classic threat perception components, might play a key role in governing preparedness behavior. In particular, psychological manipulation of dispositional optimism or optimistic thinking might be effective in motivating preparedness behavior. Future research should explore such innovative ways to promoting preparedness. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:451–459)
Assessing niche conservatism using a multiproxy approach: dietary ecology of extinct and extant spotted hyenas
Authors: DeSantis Larisa R. G. , Tseng Zhijie Jack , Liu Jinyi , Hurst Aaron , Schubert Blaine W. , Jiangzuo Qigao 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA central premise of bioclimatic envelope modeling is the assumption of niche conservatism. Whereas such assumptions are testable in modern populations, it is unclear whether niche conservatism holds over deeper time spans and over very large geographic ranges. Hyaenids occupied a diversity of ecological niches over time and space, and until the end-Pleistocene they occurred in Europe and most of Asia, with Asian populations ofCrocutasuggested as being genetically distinct from their closest living relatives. Further, little is known regarding whether and how the dietary ecology of extinct populations ofCrocutadiffered from those of their extant African counterparts. Here, we use a multiproxy approach to assess an assumption of conserved dietary ecology in late Pleistocene extant spotted hyenas via finite element analysis, dental microwear texture analysis, and a novel dental macrowear method (i.e., whether teeth are minimally, moderately, or extremely worn, as defined by degree of dentin exposure) proposed here. Results from finite element simulations of the masticatory apparatus of Chinese and AfricanCrocutademonstrate lower skull stiffness and higher stress in the orbital region of the former when biting with carnassial teeth, suggesting that ChineseCrocutacould not process prey with the same degree of efficiency as extantCrocuta crocuta. Dental microwear texture data further support this interpretation, as ChineseCrocutahave intermediate and indistinguishable complexity values (indicative of hard-object feeding) between the extant African lion (Panthera leo) and extant hyenas (C. crocuta,Hyaena hyaena, andParahyaena brunnea), being most similar to the omnivorousP. brunnea. The use of dental macrowear to infer dietary behavior may also be possible in extinct taxa, as evinced by dietary correlations between extant African feliforms and dental macrowear assignments. Collectively, this multiproxy analysis suggests that ChineseCrocutamay have exhibited dietary behavior distinct from that of livingC. crocuta, and assumptions of niche conservatism may mask significant dietary variation in species broadly distributed in time and space.
Overexpression of SLC34A2 is an independent prognostic indicator in bladder cancer and its depletion suppresses tumor growth via decreasing c-Myc expression and transcriptional activity
Authors: Ye Wen , Chen Cui , Gao Ying , Zheng Zou-Shan , Xu Yi , Yun Miao , Weng Hui-Wen , Xie Dan , Ye Sheng , Zhang Jia-Xing 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSolute carrier family 34 member 2 (SLC34A2), a pH-sensitive sodium-dependent phosphate transporter, is associated with several human cancers. In this study, we investigate the clinical significance of SLC34A2 and its function in human bladder cancer (BC). The expression dynamics of SLC34A2 were examined in two independent cohorts of BC samples by quantitative PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. In the training cohort (156 cases), we applied the X-tile program software to assess the optimal cutoff points for biomarkers in order to accurately classify patients according to clinical outcome. In the validation cohort (130 cases), the cutoff score derived from X-title analysis was investigated to determine the association of SLC34A2 expression with survival outcome. A series of in vitro and in vivo assays were then performed to elucidate the function of SLC34A2 in BC and its underlying mechanisms. Results showed that SLC34A2 was significantly upregulated in BC cell lines and clinical samples. In both two cohorts of BC samples, high expression of SLC34A2 was associated with large tumor size, advanced T status and poor patients’ survival. The depletion of SLC34A2 in BC suppressed cellular viability, colony formation and anchorage-independent growth in vitro, and inhibited xenograft tumor growth in vivo, whereas overexpression of SLC34A2 had the converse effect. Simultaneously, downregulation of SLC34A2 decreased the transcriptional activity and protein expression level of c-Myc in BC cells, whereas restoration of c-Myc expression could compromise the anti-proliferation effect of SLC34A2 depletion. Furthermore, miR-214 was proved as a negative regulator of SLC34A2. Our present study illustrated that SLC34A2 has an important role in promoting proliferation and tumorigenicity of BC, and may represent a novel therapeutic target for this disease.
Allometric scaling of decompression sickness risk in terrestrial mammals; cardiac output explains risk of decompression sickness
Authors: Fahlman Andreas 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA probabilistic model was used to predict decompression sickness (DCS) outcome in pig (70 and 20 kg), hamster (100 g), rat (220 g) and mouse (20 g) following air saturation dives. The data set included 179 pig, 200 hamster, 360 rat, and 224 mouse exposures to saturation pressures ranging from 1.9–15.2 ATA and with varying decompression rates (0.9–156 ATA • min−1). Single exponential kinetics described the tissue partial pressures (Ptiss) of N2: Ptiss = ∫(Pamb – Ptiss) • τ−1 dt, where Pamb is ambient N2 pressure and τ is a time constant. The probability of DCS [P(DCS)] was predicted from the risk function: P(DCS) = 1−e−r, where r = ∫(PtissN2 − Thr − Pamb) • Pamb–1 dt, and Thr is a threshold parameter. An equation that scaled τ with body mass included a constant (c) and an allometric scaling parameter (n), and the best model included n, Thr, and two c. The final model provided accurate predictions for 58 out of 61 dive profiles for pig, hamster, rat, and mouse. Thus, body mass helped improve the prediction of DCS risk in four mammalian species over a body mass range covering 3 orders of magnitude.
MISTIC-fusion proteins as antigens for high quality membrane protein antibodies
Authors: Alves Natalia Silva , Astrinidis Susanne Adina , Eisenhardt Nathalie , Sieverding Cornelia , Redolfi Josef , Lorenz Michael , Weberruss Marion , Moreno-Andrés Daniel , Antonin Wolfram 
Published: February 2017

AbstractLack of high-quality antibodies against transmembrane proteins is a widely recognized hindrance in biomedical and cell biological research. Here we present a robust pipeline for the generation of polyclonal antibodies employing full-length membrane proteins as immunogens to overcome this “antibody bottleneck”. We express transmembrane proteins fused to a MISTIC fragment that enhances expression of eukaryotic membrane proteins in E. coli. Purified membrane proteins are used as immunogen for rabbit injection employing standard immunizing protocols. The raised antibodies against membrane proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum and the nuclear envelope, which we use as test cases, function in a wide range of applications and are superior to ones produced against soluble domains as immunogens.
Control strategy of switching regulators for fuel‐cell power applications
Authors: Diaz‐Saldierna Luis H. , Leyva‐Ramos Jesus , Langarica‐Cordoba Diego , Morales‐Saldaña Jorge A. 
Published: February 2017

It is often assumed that the input voltage source of a switch‐mode power supply is constant or shows negligible small variations. However, the last assumption is no longer valid when a fuel‐cell stack is used as input source. A fuel‐cell stack is characterised by low and unregulated DC output voltage, in addition, this voltage decreases in a non‐linear fashion when the demanded current increases; henceforth, a suitable controller is required to cope the aforementioned issues. In this study, an average current‐mode controller is designed using a combined model for a fuel‐cell stack and a boost converter; moreover, a selection procedure for the controller gains ensuring system stability and output voltage regulation is developed. The proposed energy system uses a fuel‐cell power module (polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells) and a boost converter delivering a power of 900 W. Experimental results confirm the proposed controller performance for output voltage regulation via closed‐loop gain measurements and step load changes. In addition, a comparison between open‐ and closed‐loop measurements is made, where the controller robustness is tested for large load variations and fuel‐cell stack output voltage changes as well.
Estimating the population-level impact of vaccines using synthetic controls
Authors: Bruhn Christian A. W. , Hetterich Stephen , Schuck-Paim Cynthia , Kürüm Esra , Taylor Robert J. , Lustig Roger , Shapiro Eugene D. , Warren Joshua L. , Simonsen Lone , Weinberger Daniel M. 
Published: February 2017

Significance
Pneumococcus, a bacterial pathogen, is among the most important causes of pneumonia globally. Quantifying the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) on pneumonia is challenging due to time trends unrelated to the vaccine. We use a method developed for website analytics and economics called “synthetic controls” to disentangle changes in pneumonia rates caused by the vaccine from changes caused by unrelated factors. We found that PCVs significantly reduce all-cause pneumonia hospitalizations in young children, and reduce hospitalizations for invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumococcal pneumonia in children and adults. In contrast to previous studies, we did not detect a decline in all-cause pneumonia hospitalizations in older adults in any of the five countries following the introduction of the vaccine in children.
Biomedical Investigations on Experimental Neutron Capture Therapy with Cold Neutrons in the Laboratory ELLA on the Research Reactor DIDO in Jülich
Authors: Porschen W. , Werner K. , Kollmar A. , Feinendegen L.E. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Neutron capture therapy (NCT) with thermal neutrons and suitable 10B compounds permits the successful treatment of brain tumours via the reaction 10B(n,a)7Li. In the past the effects of new organic 10B amino acid analogues have been analysed by irradiation of solid tumours (EO 771) transplanted on the hind legs of mice (C57 B1/6j) at the reactor Merlin in Jülich. Recently, the new external neutron laboratory ELLA at the reactor Kido, with a cold source and 58Ni coated neutron guide tubes, has become operated and a universal irradiation facility (EKN) may also be used for biological and bioanalytical experiments. The measurement of neutron flux density and gamma dosimetry has demonstrated the high quality of this cold neutron beam. This facility was used for the analysis of 10B tumour slices and in blood samples from mice after the injection of 10B Hatanaka SS compound using the solid state detector Kodak-Pathé LR-115.
The ultrastructure ofShewanella oneidensisMR-1 nanowires revealed by electron cryo-tomography
Authors: Subramanian Poorna , Pirbadian Sahand , El-Naggar Mohamed Y. , Jensen Grant J. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract:Bacterial nanowires have garnered recent interest as a proposedExtracellularElectronTransfer (EET) pathway that links the bacterial electron transport chain to solid-phase electron acceptors away from the cell.In vivofluorescenceLightMicroscopy (fLM) imaging recently showed thatShewanella oneidensisMR-1 nanowires are extensions of the outer membrane that contain EET components. However, their fine structure and distribution of cytochrome electron carriers remained unclear, making it difficult to evaluate the electron transport mechanism along the nanowires. Here, we report high-resolution images of nanowires usingElectronCryo-Tomography (ECT). We developed a robust method for fLM imaging of nanowire growth onelectron microscopy grids and used correlative light and electron microscopy to identify and image the same nanowires by ECT. Our results confirm thatS. oneidensisnanowires are outer membrane extensions, and further reveal that nanowires are dynamic chains of interconnectedOuterMembraneVesicles (OMVs) with variable dimensions, curvature, and extent of tubulation. Junction densities that potentially stabilize OMV chains are seen between neighboring vesicles in cryotomograms. Our ECT results also provide the first hints of the positions and packing of periplasmic and outer membrane proteins consistent with cytochromes. We observe tight packing of putative cytochromes along lateral patches that extend tens of nanometers, but not across the micrometer scale of whole nanowires. We therefore propose that electron transfer along nanowires involves a combination of direct hopping and diffusive events that link neighboring redox proteins.