bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causal relationship between fertility nutrients supplementation and PCOS risk: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Shao Fang , Xu Shijia , Zhao Haiyang , Zhang Furong , Wang Xin , Wang Hui 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a prevalent endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, is mainly ameliorated through drugs or lifestyle changes, with limited treatment options. To date, numerous researchers have found that fertility nutrient supplements may benefit female reproductive health, but their direct impact on polycystic ovary syndrome risk remains unclear.MethodsOur research employs Mendelian Randomization to assess how fertility nutrients affect PCOS risk. Initially, we reviewed 49 nutrients and focused on 10: omega-3 fatty acids, calcium, dehydroepiandrosterone, vitamin D, betaine, D-Inositol, berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, and metformin. Using methodologies of Inverse Variance Weighting and Mendelian Randomization-Egger regression, we examined their potential causal relationships with PCOS risk.ResultsOur findings indicate omega-3 fatty acids reduced PCOS risk (OR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.57-0.94, P=0.016), whereas betaine increased it (OR=2.60, 95% CI: 1.09-6.17, P=0.031). No definitive causal relations were observed for calcium, dehydroepiandrosterone, vitamin D, D-Inositol, and metformin (P&gt;0.05). Drug target Mendelian Randomization analysis suggested that increased expression of the berberine target gene BIRC5 in various tissues may raise PCOS risk (OR: 3.00-4.88; P: 0.014-0.018), while elevated expressions of curcumin target gene CBR1 in Stomach and epigallocatechin gallate target gene AHR in Adrenal Gland were associated with reduced PCOS risk (OR=0.48, P=0.048; OR=0.02, P=0.018, respectively).ConclusionsOur research reveals that specific fertility nutrients supplementation, such as omega-3 fatty acids, berberine, and curcumin, may reduce the risk of PCOS by improving metabolic and reproductive abnormalities associated with it.
Enhanced biodegradation of trinitrotoluene in rhizosphere soil by native grasses
Authors: Li Na , Yang Kenny , Lin Chungho , Yang John 
Published: September 2024

Soil contamination by the munition explosive residues of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its metabolites resulting primarily from military operations has been identified as a threat to human health and ecosystems. Biodegradation by native plants to remove this hazardous compound or reduce its toxicity is considered a cost-effective and environmentally sound approach for the cleanup or restoration of TNT-contaminated soils. This study aims to investigate the TNT biodegradation and kinetics by two selected native grasses in the species-specific rhizosphere soils through growth chamber experiments. Native eastern gamma grass (Tripsacum dactyloides) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) were grown in soil spiked with 14C-TNT for 8 weeks. The 14C-TNT degradation and degradative metabolite profile in the rhizosphere soils were determined by liquid scintillation counter and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. The results indicated that both native grass species significantly enhanced the TNT degradation in the rhizosphere soils as compared with the control rhizosphere soils. More than 95% of the applied 14C-TNT was degraded in the first 7 days, and the rate then reached a steady state afterward, but less than 10% of the TNT applied was completely mineralized and transformed into CO2. The degradative reaction was found to follow second-order kinetics. Six major TNT degradative metabolites have been detected and identified in the rhizosphere soils. Overall, switchgrass appeared more effective for biodegrading TNT than eastern gamma grass. This research demonstrated that the native grass species, especially switchgrass, has the potential to mitigate the adverse human health and ecological risks of TNT-contaminated sites and can be considered an environmentally friendly, sustainable approach to safeguarding human health from TNT contamination.
Temporal dynamics of acoustic diversity in managed forests
Authors: Müller Sandra , Jahn Olaf , Jung Kirsten , Mitesser Oliver , Ammer Christian , Böhm Stefan , Ehbrecht Martin , Farina Almo , Renner Swen C. , Pieretti Nadia , Schall Peter , Tschapka Marco , Wells Konstans , Scherer-Lorenzen Michael 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionIn production forests, management can have cascading effects on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Acoustic diversity reflects the diversity of vocalizing animals and has also considerable recreational value for human well-being, but the relationship between acoustic diversity and forest management remains largely unexploredMethodWe recorded acoustic diversity on forest plots along a gradient of silvicultural management intensity (SMI) in three regions of Germany. We explored the diurnal and seasonal temporal dynamics in acoustic diversity index (ADI) from March to July using generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs). We further investigated the interrelation between acoustic diversity and silvicultural management intensity, forest structural diversity, as well as tree diversity, bird species richness and abundance using structural equation modeling (SEM).ResultsSilvicultural management intensity had significant effects on the temporal dynamics of ADI in May and June from dawn till dusk, but variance explained by SMI was low. We confirmed our hypothesis that ADI was reduced by SMI due to its cascading effects on forest structural diversity and bird species richness and abundance.DiscussionAcoustic diversity indices can provide valuable insights into how forest management affects the acoustic activity of soniferous communities. We discuss how this can indicate both changes in species diversity as well as their vocal activity. We further address potential implications for forest management.
Association of beta blockers and mortality in adults with septic shock: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trial
Authors: Vásquez-Tirado Gustavo Adolfo , Quispe-Castañeda Claudia Vanessa , Meregildo-Rodríguez Edinson Dante , Cuadra-Campos María , Segura-Plasencia Niler Manuel , Arbayza-Avalos Yessenia Katherin , Alva-Guarniz Hugo Nelson , Guzmán-Aguilar Wilson Marcial , Zavaleta-Alaya Petterson 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionSeptic shock still entails significant morbidity and mortality, with the heart being affected due to catecholamine overexpression and direct injury from sepsis. Therefore, the effect of β-blocking the receptors to improve performance is promising when attempting to reverse tachycardia and reduce mortality.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search across five databases for studies published up to 28 January 2024, using a PICO strategy. Ten studies were identified for quantitative analysis and included in our meta-analysis.ResultsOur meta-analysis evaluated 28-day in-hospital mortality risk across nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving a total of 1,121 adults with septic shock. We found an association between β-blocker use and reduced overall mortality (OR 0.57; 95% CI 0.34–0.98; I2: 56%). This effect was significant in the esmolol subgroup (OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.26–0.82; I2: 32%), but not in the landiolol subgroup (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.0–1,284.5; I2: 72%). Additionally, the intervention group shows a significant reduction in HR and lactate levels, as well as an increase in stroke volume index (SVI).ConclusionIn adults with septic shock, β-blockers are associated with a reduction in 28-day in-hospital mortality, a benefit primarily observed with esmolol rather than landiolol. Furthermore, improvements in heart rate (HR) control, lactate levels, and SVI were noted. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution, and further high-quality RCTs comparing different β-blockers are necessary to better elucidate these effects.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42024513610.
Exploring non-surgical alternatives for low to intermediate-grade in situ ductal carcinoma of the breast using vacuum-assisted excision: the VACIS protocol
Authors: Nicosia Luca , Mariano Luciano , Latronico Antuono , Bozzini Anna Carla , Bellerba Federica , Gaeta Aurora , Pesapane Filippo , Mazzarol Giovanni , Fusco Nicola , Corso Giovanni , Sangalli Claudia , Gialain Cristian , Lazzeroni Matteo , Raimondi Sara , Cassano Enrico 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundSurgery is still the standard treatment for breast lesions such as in situ ductal carcinoma (DCIS); however, its survival benefit is minimal, particularly for low-grade DCIS. Surgical complications and related depression status can adversely affect patients’ quality of life. Approximately 25% of breast cancer (BC) cases are in situ forms, with DCIS making up 90% of these. Low and intermediate-grade DCIS often grow slowly and do not always progress clinically significant diseases. Identifying non-invasive lesions could help prevent overtreatment. In this context, new diagnostic tools like vacuum-assisted excision (VAE) could enhance the management of these conditions.MethodsThe prospective VACIS study explores the role of VAE in ensuring the absence of pathology at subsequent surgery and reducing the diagnostic underestimation of breast biopsies for microcalcifications. Patients with suspicious breast microcalcifications up to 15 mm, who are candidates for stereotactic biopsy, will be enrolled and randomised into two groups. The control group will complete the biopsy with typical sampling, aiming to collect some microcalcifications from the target, while the experimental group will focus on the complete removal of the biopsy target (confirmed by mammography on the biopsy table), followed by a second sequence of cleaning samples. Radiograms will confirm lesion removal. Pathologic outcomes at surgery will be compared between the groups, and the percentage of underestimation will be assessed. The sample size is calculated to be 70 patients per group, using statistical tests and multivariate logistic models to detect a significant difference in the absence of pathology. Data collected will include patient age, lesion characteristics, and details of the biopsy, pathology and surgery.DiscussionCurrent surgical treatments for low-and sometimes intermediate-grade DCIS offer limited survival benefits and may hurt patients’ quality of life due to surgery-related complications and associated depression. These lesions often grow slowly and might not become clinically significant, suggesting a need to avoid overtreatment. Improved diagnostics procedures, such as VAE, could help distinguish non-invasive from potentially invasive lesions, reduce biopsy underestimation, enable personalised management and optimise treatment strategies. This study hypothesises that VAE could be a viable alternative to surgery, capable of removing pathology during the biopsy procedure.Clinical trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT05932758.
Advancements in rapid diagnostics and genotyping of Piscirickettsia salmonis using Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification
Authors: Isla Adolfo , Aguilar Marcelo , Flores-Martin Sandra N. , Barrientos Claudia A. , Soto-Rauch Genaro , Mancilla-Schulz Jorge , Almendras Felipe , Figueroa Jaime , Yañez Alejandro J. 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionPiscirickettsia salmonis, the causative agent of Piscirickettsiosis, poses a significant threat to the Chilean aquaculture industry, resulting in substantial economic losses annually. The pathogen, first identified as specie in 1992, this pathogen was divided into two genogroups: LF-89 and EM-90, associated with different phenotypic mortality and pathogenicity. Traditional genotyping methods, such as multiplex PCR, are effective but limited by their cost, equipment requirements, and the need for specialized expertise.MethodsThis study validates Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) as a rapid and specific alternative for diagnosing P. salmonis infections. We developed the first qPCR and LAMP assay targeting the species-conserved tonB receptor gene (tonB-r, WP_016210144.1) for the specific species-level identification of P. salmonis. Additionally, we designed two genotyping LAMP assays to differentiate between the LF-89 and EM-90 genogroups, utilizing the unique coding sequences Nitronate monooxygenase (WP_144420689.1) for LF-89 and Acid phosphatase (WP_016210154.1) for EM-90.ResultsThe LAMP assays demonstrated sensitivity and specificity comparable to real-time PCR, with additional benefits including rapid results, lower costs, and simplified operation, making them particularly suitable for field use. Specificity was confirmed by testing against other salmonid pathogens, such as Renibacterium salmoninarum, Vibrio ordalii, Flavobacterium psychrophilum, Tenacibaculum maritimum, and Aeromonas salmonicida, with no cross-reactivity observed.DiscussionThe visual detection method and precise differentiation between genogroups underscore LAMP's potential as a robust diagnostic tool for aquaculture. This advancement in the specie detection (qPCR and LAMP) and genotyping of P. salmonis represents a significant step forward in disease management within the aquaculture industry. The implementation of LAMP promises enhanced disease surveillance, early detection, and improved management strategies, ultimately benefiting the salmonid aquaculture sector.
Meta-analysis of resting-state fMRI in cervical spondylosis patients using AES-SDM
Authors: Zhang Qin , Ding Hui 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundResting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) reveals diverse neural activity patterns in cervical spondylosis (CS) patients. However, the reported results are inconsistent. Therefore, our objective was to conduct a meta-analysis to synthesize the findings from existing rs-fMRI studies and identify consistent patterns of neural brain activity alterations in patients with CS.Materials and methodsA systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Embase, Google Scholar, and CNKI for rs-fMRI studies that compared CS patients with healthy controls (HCs), up to January 28, 2024. Significant cluster coordinates were extracted for comprehensive analysis.ResultsWe included 16 studies involving 554 CS patients and 488 HCs. CS patients demonstrated decreased brain function in the right superior temporal gyrus and left postcentral gyrus, and increased function in the left superior frontal gyrus. Jackknife sensitivity analysis validated the robustness of these findings, and Egger’s test confirmed the absence of significant publication bias (p &gt; 0.05). Meta-regression showed no significant impact of age or disease duration differences on the results.ConclusionThis meta-analysis confirms consistent alterations in specific brain regions in CS patients, highlighting the potential of rs-fMRI to refine diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42024496263.
Clinical application of sparse canonical correlation analysis to detect genetic associations with cortical thickness in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kim Bo-Hyun , Seo Sang Won , Park Yu Hyun , Kim JiHyun , Kim Hee Jin , Jang Hyemin , Yun Jihwan , Kim Mansu , Kim Jun Pyo 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by cerebral cortex atrophy. In this study, we used sparse canonical correlation analysis (SCCA) to identify associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and cortical thickness in the Korean population. We also investigated the role of the SNPs in neurological outcomes, including neurodegeneration and cognitive dysfunction.MethodsWe recruited 1125 Korean participants who underwent neuropsychological testing, brain magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and microarray genotyping. We performed group-wise SCCA in Aβ negative (−) and Aβ positive (+) groups. In addition, we performed mediation, expression quantitative trait loci, and pathway analyses to determine the functional role of the SNPs.ResultsWe identified SNPs related to cortical thickness using SCCA in Aβ negative and positive groups and identified SNPs that improve the prediction performance of cognitive impairments. Among them, rs9270580 was associated with cortical thickness by mediating Aβ uptake, and three SNPs (rs2271920, rs6859, rs9270580) were associated with the regulation of CHRNA2, NECTIN2, and HLA genes.ConclusionOur findings suggest that SNPs potentially contribute to cortical thickness in AD, which in turn leads to worse clinical outcomes. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the genetic architecture underlying cortical atrophy and its relationship with AD.
Case report: IORT as an alternative treatment option for breast cancer patients with difficulty staying still
Authors: Bhimani Fardeen , McEvoy Maureen , Chen Yu , Gupta Anjuli , Pastoriza Jessica , Fruchter Shani , Bitan Zachary C. , Tomé Wolfgang A. , Mehta Keyur , Fox Jana , Feldman Sheldon 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundAdministering radiation therapy to individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) and psychiatric patients taking antipsychotics poses challenges, especially with whole breast irradiation (WBI) due to difficulty staying still (DSS). In such scenarios, intraoperative radiotherapy (TARGIT-IORT) provides an alternative. Although prior studies have shown its applicability in special cases where WBI may be contraindicated, there is a paucity of literature emphasizing its role in patients with ID and psychiatric conditions who have DSS. Therefore, our case series aims to highlight the applicability of administering TARGIT-IORT in such patients.Case reportsFour breast cancer patients underwent lumpectomy and TARGIT-IORT. Among them, two patients had ID, with one experiencing a decreased range of motion. The other two had psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, both manifesting involuntary movements and DSS. Three patients had invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), and one had invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). All patients undergoing TARGIT-IORT tolerated the procedure well. Notably, none of the patients exhibited evidence of disease on follow-up.ConclusionOur study underscores the potential use of TARGIT-IORT as a viable treatment option for breast cancer patients with intellectual and psychiatric disabilities. Unlike traditional EBRT, TARGIT-IORT offers a single radiation dose, addressing challenges associated with compliance or DSS. Our findings demonstrate positive outcomes and tolerance, especially in patients where standard oncologic procedures are difficult to achieve. TARGIT-IORT could also benefit breast cancer patients with concurrent movement disorders like Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders. Nonetheless, future studies are needed to reinforce its applicability for patients with DSS.
Extracellular vesicles from cancer cell lines of different origins drive the phenotype of normal oral fibroblasts in a CAF-like direction
Authors: Søland Tine M. , Lipka Aleksandra , Ruus Ann-Kristin , Molværsmyr Ann-Kristin , Galtung Hilde K. , Haug Trude M. 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionNormal oral fibroblasts (NOFs) are located in the connective tissue of the oral mucosa. The NOFs play an important role in wound healing, tumor progression, and metastasis. They are subjected to influence by external and internal stimuli, among them extracellular vesicles (EVs), that are considered as important players in cell to cell communication, especially in carcinogenesis and metastatic processes. During tumorigenesis, stromal NOFs may undergo activation into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that modify their phenotype to provide pro-oncogenic signals that in turn facilitate tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. The aim of the study was to reveal the effect of EVs derived from local (oral squamous cell carcinoma – OSCC) and distant (pancreatic adenocarcinoma – PDAC; malignant melanoma brain metastasis – MBM) cancer origin on NOFs and their possible change into a CAF-like direction.MethodsThe effect of each of the cancer EV types on NOFs proliferation, viability, and migration was tested. Also, changes in gene expression of the well-established CAF biomarkers ACTA2, FAP, PDGFR, and two putative CAF biomarkers, the Ca2+- activated ion channels ANO1 and KCNMA, were studied.ResultsObtained results indicate that NOFs receive and process signals transmitted by EVs originating from both OSCC, PDAC, and MBM. The fibroblast response was dependent on EV origin and concentration, and duration of EV exposure.ConclusionThe present results indicate that the molecular cargo of the EVs direct NOFs towards a pro-tumorigenic phenotype.
Knowledge mapping analysis of ground glass nodules: a bibliometric analysis from 2013 to 2023
Authors: Wang Linfeng , Maolan Ayidana , Luo Yue , Li Yue , Liu Rui 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundIn recent years, the widespread use of computed tomography (CT) in early lung cancer screening has led to an increase in the detection rate of lung ground glass nodules (GGNs). The persistence of GGNs, which may indicate early lung adenocarcinoma, has been a focus of attention for scholars in the field of lung cancer prevention and treatment in recent years. Despite the rapid development of research into GGNs, there is a lack of intuitive content and trend analyses in this field, as well as a lack of detailed elaboration on possible research hotspots. The objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the knowledge structure and research hotspots of lung ground glass nodules over the past decade, employing bibliometric methods.MethodThe Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database was searched for relevant ground-glass lung nodule literature published from 2013-2023. Bibliometric analyses were performed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package “bibliometrix”.ResultsA total of 2,218 articles from 75 countries and 2,274 institutions were included in this study. The number of publications related to GGNs has been high in recent years. The United States has led in GGNs-related research. Radiology has one of the highest visibilities as a selected journal and co-cited journal. Jin Mo Goo has published the most articles. Travis WD has been cited the most frequently. The main topics of research in this field are Lung Cancer, CT, and Deep Learning, which have been identified as long-term research hotspots. The GGNs-related marker is a major research trend in this field.ConclusionThis study represents the inaugural bibliometric analysis of applied research on ground-glass lung nodules utilizing three established bibliometric software. The bibliometric analysis of this study elucidates the prevailing research themes and trends in the field of GGNs over the past decade. It also furnishes pertinent recommendations for researchers to provide objective descriptions and comprehensive guidance for future related research.