bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Features of true gynecomastia in adult males
Authors: Eristavi S. Kh. , Rozhivanov R. V. , Nikankina L. V. , Kolesnikova G. S. , Rozhivanova E. R. , Andreeva E. N. , Mel’nichenko G. A. , Mokrysheva N. G. 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the incidence of gynecomastia in adult men has increased significantly. It is of interest to study the specific features of the disease in these patients.AIM: To identify the main characteristics of acute gynecomastia in adult men.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A continuous one-stage study including 160 adult males with acute onset gynecomastia, who were he was treated in Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow. Total bilirubin, hepatic transaminases, creatinine, urea, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, sex hormone binding globulin, estradiol, total testosterone, alpha-fetoprotein, chorionic gonadotropin and mammary gland condition were evaluated in all patients. Baseline significance threshold level of p<0.05.RESULTS: The incidence of gynecomastia increased from 5,4% in 2020 to 14,4% in 2024. Tumor forms of gynecomastia were rare, with 1,2% (95% CI 0,0; 3,0) of cases. In 30% (95% CI 22,9; 37,1) of men, gynecomastia was due to the intake of anabolic steroids for athletic stimulation. In 11,2% (95% CI 6,4; 16,1) of patients, gynecomastia was hepatogenic. In 7,5% (95% CI 3,4; 11,6), it was due to elevated sex hormone binding globulin. 47,5% (95% CI 39,8; 55,2) were endocrine non-tumorigenic form of gynecomastia due to excess body weight with formation of changes in sex hormone levels. The patients who took anabolic steroids were characterized by young age, as well as decreased luteinizing hormone levels and increased testosterone levels. The group of patients with elevated sex hormone binding globulin had no clinically significant features. Men from the group of hepatogenic gynecomastia were characterized by hyperestrogenism. Patients in the group with altered sex hormone levels were characterized by high body mass index and either increased estradiol or decreased testosterone or a combination of both.CONCLUSION: The number of adult male patients with acute gynecomastia is progressively increasing. In the examined sample of patients, the main causes of gynecomastia were patients taking anabolic steroids, liver dysfunction and weight gain with the formation of changes in sex hormone levels. Patients taking anabolic steroids were characterized by a drug-­induced increase in testosterone and estradiol levels, which was accompanied by suppression of pituitary gonadotropic function. Estradiol elevation was also characteristic of patients with hepatogenic form of gynecomastia and men with excess body weight with formation of changes in sex hormone levels.
Possible protective effect of remifentanil against testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Kölükçü Vildan , Unsal Velid , Katar Muzaffer , Balta Mehtap Gürler , Tapar Hakan , Karaman Tuğba , Karaman Serkan , Fırat Fatih , Yalçın Kenan , Gevrek Fikret , Kuyucu Yunus Emre 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aims to evaluate the protective efficacy of remifentanil against testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Methods
The study included 24 male rats. The rats were randomized into three groups: Group 1 was the control group. Group 2 was subjected to a testicular torsion/detorsion model. Group 3 underwent similar procedures and additionally received remifentanil (0.6 μg/kg/min) intravenously for the first 20 min of reperfusion. Blood samples were taken for biochemical analyses, and orchiectomy was performed for histopathologic examination.

Results
Biochemical analysis of blood samples showed a significant increase in antioxidant enzyme activity, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p:0.004 and p:0.002, respectively). There was a dramatic decrease in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 Beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p:0.001, p:0.046, and p:0.004, respectively). Similarly, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p:0.004). Histopathologic examination of Group 3 rats showed positive changes in inflammation, hemorrhage, edema, and congestion levels compared to Group 2 (p<0.001). Similarly, there was a positive effect on the Johnsen and Cosentino score in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p:0.001 and p<0.001, respectively).

Conclusions
In our study, it has been documented that remifentanil protects against testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Lessons From One Physician’s Experience With Substance Use Recovery
Authors: Loyd Stephen 
Published: September 2024

I advocate for a “no wrong door” approach, which ensures that no matter where you enter the system—doctor, therapist, family-referral, self-report, jail, hospital, etc. —you get the treatment that gives you the best chance at long-term recovery, even if you don’t have M.D. after your name.
Maternidade na contabilidade: Uma abordagem sob a perspectiva work-life balance
Authors: Kruger Silvana Dalmutt , Santos Edicreia Andrade dos , Hillen Cristina 
Published: September 2024

Contextualização: Nos últimos anos, o equilíbrio entre vida profissional e pessoal têm sido uma preocupação entre empregados, empregadores, acadêmicos, pesquisadores entre outros.
Objetivo: Este estudo teve por objetivo evidenciar as percepções de mulheres atuantes nos programas de pós-graduação (PPGs) em contabilidade do Brasil sobre a maternidade, discutindo os desafios de conciliar as demandas profissionais e familiares.
Método: Realizaram-se entrevistas com 9 professoras de PPGs de contabilidade cujos dados foram analisados por meio da técnica de análise textual discursiva.
Resultados: Os resultados evidenciaram que as percepções remetem a diversos desafios e dificuldades, especialmente em relação à adaptação entre as exigências profissionais e a maternidade. A trajetória de vida, as experiências e vivências indicam que o ambiente de trabalho e a cultura dos programas influenciam nos discursos e nas percepções das respondentes.
Conclusões: Conclui-se destacando a importância de discussões acerca da temática, bem como a necessidade de mudanças culturais que possam agregar empatia diante do tempo e desafios da maternidade.
Igualdade de gênero: Um estudo da participação feminina em cargos de gestão em firmas de auditoria no Brasil
Authors: Carneiro Luziberto Barrozo , Santos Thais Helen Andrade 
Published: September 2024

Contextualização: A presença feminina no mundo dos negócios vem crescendo, todavia ainda existem vários obstáculos para alcançar a igualdade de oportunidades em cargos gerenciais. As mulheres têm baixa representatividade em cargos de gestão, principalmente os de alto escalão. Este estudo foi feito para analisar a representatividade feminina nos cargos gerenciais em firmas de auditoria no Brasil.
Objetivo: Este estudo analisa a representatividade feminina em cargos de liderança nas firmas de auditoria Big Four do Brasil entre o período de 2016-2023.
Método: Neste sentido, foi realizada uma pesquisa documental, inspecionando-se os Relatórios de Sustentabilidade GRI destas organizações. Também foram buscadas, através dos sites das empresas, as informações acerca dos programas desenvolvidos que contribuem para a ascensão da mulher na função de líder.
Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que a representatividade feminina, principalmente no cargo de sócia, ainda é baixa quando comparada com a masculina, embora tenha tido evolução nos anos analisados, progredindo de 16% (2016) a 25% (2023) no caso da firma EY e 16% (2016) a 26% (2023) na KPMG. As Big Four iniciaram políticas de equidade de gênero e desenvolvimento de talentos femininos.
Conclusões: Conclui-se que o Teto de Vidro ainda se faz presente nestas organizações e está sendo descontruído aos poucos.
Validação de vídeo educativo sobre as medidas de prevenção e controle da covid-19 e outras síndromes respiratórias agudas graves para escolares
Authors: Lima da Silva Thays Mylena , Leite Meirelles Monteiro Estela Maria , Tavares Souza Gracielly Karine , Dos Santos Braga Amanda 
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Descrever o processo de construção e validação de um vídeo educativo sobre as medidas de prevenção e controle da Covid-19 e outras Síndromes Respiratórias Agudas Graves (SRAG). Método: Estudo metodológico que possibilitou o desenvolvimento e validação de uma tecnologia educacional em uma abordagem lúdica, para crianças. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em quatro etapas: coleta de conhecimentos prévios e levantamento bibliográfico; criação do roteiro do vídeo educativo; construção do material educativo (ilustração, layout, design e textos) e validação da tecnologia por especialistas e escolares. Resultados: A tecnologia foi validada quanto ao conteúdo por 14 juízes, com Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC) de 0,86%, e quanto a aparência por 25 escolares, com IVC de 0,93%. Conclusão: O vídeo educativo foi validado quanto ao conteúdo e aparência, podendo ser utilizado como material educativo por profissionais de enfermagem e professores do ensino infantil e fundamental, promovendo uma articulação entre educação e saúde, além de ser uma forma de instrumentalizar profissionais que atuam com saúde nas escolas, seguindo as bases do Programa Saúde na Escola.
Hydraulic Fracturing, Fault System Architecture, and the Details of Anthropogenic Earthquakes in the Post-Pennsylvanian Delaware Basin of West Texas
Authors: Morris Alan , Smye Katie , Hennings Peter 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Since about 2009, oil and gas production activities in the Delaware Basin of West Texas and southeast New Mexico have caused a rapid increase in rates of seismicity. This seismicity has been driven primarily by pore fluid pressure increases caused by subsurface injection of both waste saltwater and hydraulic fracturing fluids. High-quality teleseismic monitoring shows that earthquakes have been concentrated in previously dormant fault systems. The analysis of the timing of earthquake occurrence and magnitudes in two southern Delaware Basin fault systems indicates that continuous versus sporadic seismic energy release corresponds with continuous versus sporadic hydraulic fracturing and saltwater disposal activities proximal to the faults, respectively. Treating earthquake magnitudes as a proxy for fault displacement reveals that fault reactivation occurs in patterns that resemble segmented faults both hard and soft linked and that this distribution is likely a faithful representation of the fundamental architecture of the reactivated fault and not simply a function of pore pressure perturbation. The spatial distribution of earthquake magnitudes in the two fault systems illuminates the strong control that preexisting fault system architecture exerts on fault reactivation. Larger earthquakes tend to occur in larger, likely hard linked, fault segments. This suggests that a priori knowledge of a fault system’s architecture can provide some degree of predictability for induced seismicity.
Breakthroughs in Active Rotating RCD Development: A Discussion on Technical Development and Performance Evaluation Through Testing
Authors: Haeberle Hunter , Kotarek Katie , Crowdis Calvin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Typical Rotating Control Device (RCD) offerings used for offshore Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) operations do not include active sealing elements with the ability to rotate. An active/rotating RCD can significantly increase seal life through added operational control and real-time monitoring. This paper presents major performance advancements for an active/rotating RCD using hyperelastic FEA of the sealing element, rapid prototyping through correlation with testing, and development of a high-performance bearing system.
Improvements to the sealing element life were realized by utilizing FEA techniques to optimize the seal design and correlate with full-scale test results. The results of this analysis/design/test approach will be discussed, emphasizing the evaluation of the sealing element with an off-center drill string.
The development of a new bearing system is also presented with a comparison to roller bearings. The bearing system was designed to withstand rigorous testing simulating operational conditions such as side loads due to off-center drill string. The laboratory test results demonstrate the enhanced performance of this RCD and validate its suitability for demanding applications.
Finally, several product use cases for this RCD are explored, demonstrating its ability to withstand pressure from above and below for broad operational applications, such as In-Riser, Below-Tension-Ring (BTR), and Riserless systems. Future work includes API 16RCD (API 16RCD, June 2022) Qualification and Service Application Testing to replicate anticipated field conditions.
Handling Gas-In-Riser – Part II: Numerical Simulation of Riser Equilibrium Point (REP), Riser-Gas Tolerance (RGT) and Riser Unloading, and Validation of the 2023 IADC Deepwater RGH Guidelines Calculation Worksheet
Authors: de Sousa P. Cavalcanti , Gabaldon O. , Kaldirim O. , Sonnemann P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSeveral tools can simulate gas-liquid flow under typical operational conditions. However, the rapid expansion of gas in the riser (GIR) as it approaches the surface represents a challenge for many of these tools, as flow conditions fall outside assumptions used in developing their numerical models. Tools able to simulate the full transient behavior of GIR require expert setup and extended run-times. This work uses these tools to run simulations to estimate REP, RGT and riser unloading.The simulation work shows that RGT is generally higher than what is perceived by the industry. This means risers can safely handle larger volumes of gas without exceeding their operational ratings, assuming the influx is circulated using the Fixed Choke, Constant Outflow (FCCO) method. The results also show that the riser equilibrium in WBM happens deeper in relation to SBM, all else remaining the same, and that riser unloading is more intense in WBM, with peak liquid and gas outflows surpassing those of SBM manyfold. The results are also used to evaluate the reliability and intended conservative nature of the RGT Worksheet.This work demonstrates through simulation that GIR can be safely handled with existing surface equipment in many rigs. This represents a significant reduction in NPT and minimizes risks. The authors also demonstrate that calculations performed using the simplified methods considered in the RGT Worksheet can give conservative safeguards to offshore operations.
UBO Efficiency: The Art of Building Resilience Through an Operational Buffer While Flow Drilling
Authors: Almasri Mohamad , Thi Andy 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Advancements in technology, shifting drilling environments, and complex reservoirs have transformed the challenges in oil and gas well drilling. Regulations, best practices, and artificial intelligence have emerged to enhance safety.
Flow drilling is an Underbalanced Operation (UBO) is defined as drilling an oil and gas well while continuously circulating gas to the surface to be handled by surface separation equipment and ultimately flared. While this practice is a known operation in the oil and gas industry, gas expanding uncontrollably at surface can have catastrophic impacts on lives and the surrounding environment.
There are many benefits to utilizing underbalanced operations to create an operational buffer while flow drilling, including allowing for continuous control of the well and faster response times, which aids in maintaining constant bottomhole pressure and preventing any additional influxes from entering the wellbore.
This paper discusses the execution of Underbalanced drilling techniques in flow drilling applications in North America and the importance of adaptive control strategies based on a flow drilling matrix. UBO techniques enhance safety during flow drilling operations; however, the significance of an operational buffer helps mitigate the risks associated with well control events. This paper explores the complexities of flow drilling, its drawbacks, and successes in application and focuses on its relevance to underbalanced drilling projects.
Managed Pressure Cementing in Deepwater Environment, Evolving from Saving the Well with Perfectly Executed Challenging Primary Cementing Operations to Bring Back Wells to Productive Life with State-Of-The-Art Remedial Cementing Jobs on Controlled Pressure Manner
Authors: Alvarado Pier , Ramasamy Sundar , Valecillos Juan C. , Arnone Maurizio , Booker Daniel , Spreafico Danny , Kotara Ben , Christensen Clayton , Thain Jon , Brinkley Ryan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Managed Pressure Cementing has been utilized in many applications where MPD equipment is installed on the rig. Different challenges in well construction and delivery have led MPD technology to be used not only for drilling narrow margin type wells, but also for tripping, logging, coring, running casing, and cementing. For large production intervals, achieving hydraulic isolation with cement is crucial to the successful performance of a producing well.
Many operators in deepwater are seeing the benefit of using MPD to perform Managed Pressure Cementing as a mitigation to lost returns during primary, conventional cement jobs. Using MPD during the running of casing and cementing allows for overbalance pressures to stay within the pore pressure / fracture gradient window, thus increasing the chances of getting a successful cement job.
New ways of utilizing MPD to achieve well objectives are now being used in the area of remedial cementing operations. This is a solution that helps to achieve well objectives as well as meets regulatory requirements.
This paper gives examples for planning and execution of primary and remedial Managed Pressure Cementing in deepwater drilling operations.
Statistical downscaling model for future projection of daily IDF relationship by Markov chain and kernel density estimator
Authors: Halder Subrata , Saha Ujjwal 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Changes in climate might have a significant impact on rainfall characteristics, including extreme rainfall. This study aims to project the future daily rainfall, preserving most of the rainfall characteristics, including extreme rainfall incorporating climate changes. This paper presents two hybrid semi-parametric statistical downscaling models for future projection of IDF curves. The precipitation flux from seven scenarios of ten GCMs and observed daily rainfall data are considered as predictors and predictand variables, respectively. At site, daily rainfall occurrence is modeled using a two-state first-order Markov chain. Rainfall amounts on each wet day are modelled using a univariate nonparametric kernel density estimator. Two types of amount generation models are presented in this study. The bounded model (KDE-SP) is developed, considering the support for the kernel distribution as positive. In the unbounded model (KDE-Ext), the wet days are reclassified as extreme and non-extreme rainy days. A significant increasing trend can be observed in the future projected intensity–duration–frequency relationships. The maximum increment using empirical distribution is observed as 93.21 and 80.93% on a 5-year return period in the far future for the SSP5-8.5 scenario, using KDE-Ext and KDE-SP models, respectively. Although both methods show similar results, the KDE-Ext model performs better in simulating extreme rainfall.
Assessment of groundwater quality, irrigation suitability, and health risks from radon and heavy metals near Ilokun dumpsite, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
Authors: Badmus Ganiyu Olabode , Ajiboye Yinka , Ogungbemi Oluwaseun Samuel , Jita Aondona Peter , Adenuga Omolara Abosede 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Concentrations of 222Rn and other toxic metals (Ni, Cu, Fe, Cd, Zn, Pb, Cr, and Mn) were measured by alpha spectrometry using Rad7 and atomic absorption spectrophotometry, respectively, in the water samples from the Ilokun dumpsite, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. The physicochemical parameters of the groundwater were also assayed to determine its suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. While the physicochemical parameters met the World Health Organization (WHO)-safety standards, Cu, Fe, Cd, Pb, Cr, and Mn exceeded permissible limits. Hazard index (HI) values for adults (8.40) and children (39.23) indicated heightened susceptibility to non-carcinogenic health risks among both age group populations. The 222Rn concentrations present in the studied samples range from 5.4 to 23.1 Bq l−1 with an average of 13.9 Bq l−1. Approximately 60% of the samples have radon concentrations above the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-maximum contaminant level of 11.1 Bq l−1. The evaluated radiation doses to the stomach and respiratory tract due to radon content in the water are well below the WHO-specified individual dose criterion of 0.1 mSv year−1. This study suggests a need for groundwater resource management strategies and measures to protect human health from radiological and toxicological risks associated with groundwater consumption around the Ilokun dumpsite.
A Behavior-Based Model to Validate Electronic Systems Designed to Collect Patient-Reported Outcomes: Model Development and Application
Authors: Attamimi Sultan , Marshman Zoe , Deery Christopher , Radley Stephen , Gilchrist Fiona 
Published: September 2024

Background
The merits of technology have been adopted in capturing patient-reported outcomes (PROs) by incorporating PROs into electronic systems. Following the development of an electronic system, evaluation of system performance is crucial to ensuring the collection of meaningful data. In contemporary PRO literature, electronic system validation is overlooked, and evidence on validation methods is lacking.

Objective
This study aims to introduce a generalized concept to guide electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) providers in planning for system-specific validation methods.

Methods
Since electronic systems are essentially products of software engineering endeavors, electronic systems used to collect PRO should be viewed from a computer science perspective with consideration to the health care environment. On this basis, a testing model was blueprinted and applied to a newly developed ePRO system designed for clinical use in pediatric dentistry (electronic Personal Assessment Questionnaire-Paediatric Dentistry) to investigate its thoroughness.

Results
A behavior-based model of ePRO system validation was developed based on the principles of user acceptance testing and patient-centered care. The model allows systematic inspection of system specifications and identification of technical errors through simulated positive and negative usage pathways in open and closed environments. The model was able to detect 15 positive errors with 1 unfavorable response when applied to electronic Personal Assessment Questionnaire-Paediatric Dentistry system testing.

Conclusions
The application of the behavior-based model to a newly developed ePRO system showed a high ability for technical error detection in a systematic fashion. The proposed model will increase confidence in the validity of ePRO systems as data collection tools in future research and clinical practice.