bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of the momentum interpolation mechanism of the Roe scheme in shock instability
Authors: Ren Xiao‐dong , Gu Chun‐wei , Li Xue‐song 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThe shock instability phenomenon is a well‐known problem for hypersonic flow computation by the shock‐capturing Roe scheme. The pressure checkerboard is another well‐known problem for low‐Mach‐number flow computation. The momentum interpolation method (MIM) is necessary for low‐Mach‐number flows to suppress the pressure checkerboard problem, and the pressure‐difference‐driven modification for cell face velocity can be regarded as a version of the MIM by subdividing the numerical dissipation of the Roe scheme. In this paper, MIM has been discovered through analysis and numerical tests to have the most important function in shock instability. MIM should be completely removed for nonlinear flows. However, the unexpected MIM is activated on the cell face nearly parallel to the flow for the high‐Mach‐number flows or low‐Mach‐number cells in numerical shock. Therefore, MIM should be retained for low‐Mach‐number flows and be completely removed for high‐Mach‐number flows and low‐Mach‐number cells in numerical shock. For such conditions, two coefficients are designed on the basis of the local Mach number and a shock detector. Thereafter, the improved Roe scheme is proposed. This scheme considers the requirement of MIM for incompressible and compressible flows, and is validated for good performance of numerical tests. An acceptable result can also be obtained with only the Mach number coefficient for general practical computation. Therefore, the objective of decreasing rather than increasing numerical dissipation to cure shock instability can be achieved with simple modification. Moreover, the mechanism of shock instability has been profoundly understood, in which MIM plays the most important role, although it is not the only factor. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exome copy number variation detection: Use of a pool of unrelated healthy tissue as reference sample
Authors: Wenric Stephane , Sticca Tiberio , Caberg Jean‐Hubert , Josse Claire , Fasquelle Corinne , Herens Christian , Jamar Mauricette , Max Stéphanie , Gothot André , Caers Jo , Bours Vincent 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTAn increasing number of bioinformatic tools designed to detect CNVs (copy number variants) in tumor samples based on paired exome data where a matched healthy tissue constitutes the reference have been published in the recent years. The idea of using a pool of unrelated healthy DNA as reference has previously been formulated but not thoroughly validated. As of today, the gold standard for CNV calling is still aCGH but there is an increasing interest in detecting CNVs by exome sequencing. We propose to design a metric allowing the comparison of two CNV profiles, independently of the technique used and assessed the validity of using a pool of unrelated healthy DNA instead of a matched healthy tissue as reference in exome‐based CNV detection. We compared the CNV profiles obtained with three different approaches (aCGH, exome sequencing with a matched healthy tissue as reference, exome sequencing with a pool of eight unrelated healthy tissue as reference) on three multiple myeloma samples. We show that the usual analyses performed to compare CNV profiles (deletion/amplification ratios and CNV size distribution) lack in precision when confronted with low LRR values, as they only consider the binary status of each CNV. We show that the metric‐based distance constitutes a more accurate comparison of two CNV profiles. Based on these analyses, we conclude that a reliable picture of CNV alterations in multiple myeloma samples can be obtained from whole‐exome sequencing in the absence of a matched healthy sample.
Mortality salience reduces the discrimination between in‐group and out‐group interactions: A functional MRI investigation using multi‐voxel pattern analysis
Authors: Feng Chunliang , Azarian Bobby , Ma Yina , Feng Xue , Wang Lili , Luo Yue‐Jia , Krueger Frank 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAs a fundamental concern of human beings, mortality salience impacts various human social behaviors including intergroup interactions; however, the underlying neural signature remains obscure. Here, we examined the neural signatures underlying the impact of mortality reminders on in‐group bias in costly punishment combining a second‐party punishment task with multivariate pattern analysis of fMRI data. After mortality salience (MS) priming or general negative affect priming, participants received offers from racial in‐group and out‐group proposers and decided how to punish proposers by reducing their payoffs. We revealed that MS priming attenuated in‐group bias and dampened the discriminated activation patterns pertaining to group identities in regions previously implicated in costly punishment, including dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, temporo‐parietal junction, anterior cingulate cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The group identity represented in multivariate patterns of activity of these regions predicted in‐group bias for the control condition, i.e., the stronger discriminative representations of group identities in these regions; the larger was the in‐group bias. Furthermore, the in‐group bias was reliably decoded by distributed activation patterns in the punishment‐related networks but only in the control condition and not in the MS condition. These findings elucidate the neural underpinnings of the effects of mortality reminders on intergroup interaction. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1281–1298, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
BAD TIMES, SLIMMER CHILDREN?
Authors: Bellés‐Obrero Cristina , Jiménez‐Martín Sergi , Vall‐Castello Judit 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAlthough the majority of the literature has confirmed that recessions are beneficial for adults' health and babies' outcomes at delivery, this effect should not necessarily be the same for children. In this paper, we study the effect of business cycle conditions on infant underweight, overweight, and obesity. We exploit eight waves of repeated cross‐sectional data (1987–2012) of the Spanish National Health Survey for children aged 2–15 and use the regional unemployment rate of the trimester of the interview as a proxy for the business cycle phase at the local level. We find that an increase in the unemployment rate is associated with lower obesity incidence, especially for children under 6 years old and over 12 years old. However, economic shocks also proof to have potentially negative consequences as they increase the prevalence of infant underweight for the same age groups.Moreover, we show that the possible mechanisms through which the cycle is impacting infant obesity is the nutritional composition of the children's diet, as well as, increases in the frequency of exercise. We provide some evidence that suggests that the impact of business cycle conditions on infant weight disorders have little objective health consequences in the short run. However, the potential long‐term effects may become important as underweight during childhood is associated with worse outcomes later in life. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The ubiquitin ligase UBE4A inhibits prostate cancer progression by targeting interleukin‐like EMT inducer (ILEI)
Authors: Sun Yanan , Jia Xiaopeng , Gao Qiang , Liu Xing , Hou Lianguo 
Published: November 2016

AbstractEpithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important prerequisite for metastasis to secondary organs. Interleukin‐like EMT inducer (ILEI) protein has been shown to translationally upregulated during EMT and metastatic progression as a consequence of aberrant TGF‐β signaling. Our initial evaluation of FAM3C (encoding ILEI) and ILEI expression in normal prostate (PCS‐440‐010) and prostate cancer cell lines (DU145, LNCaP, and PC3) revealed detectable protein expression in only LNCaP cell line even though all cell lines tested had comparable FAM3C expression. Given that PC3 and DU145 cell lines did not have detectable ILEI expression hinted at additional level of regulation of ILEI expression. Treatment with MG‐132 resulted in robust detection of ILEI in the PCS‐440‐010, PC3 and DU145 cell lines, suggesting that at least in these cell lines, ILEI is actively degraded by the proteasome. Mass spectrometric analysis of FLAG immunoprecipitates of untreated and MG‐132 treated FLAG‐ILEI transfected cells indicated that UBE4A and UBE3C ubiquitin ligases were interacting with ILEI. Ectopic overexpression of UBE4A, but not UBE3C, resulted in destabilization of ILEI in LNCaP cells, whereas RNAi‐mediated silencing of UBE4A in PCS‐440‐010, PC3 and DU145 cell lines resulted in robust accumulation of ILEI, indicating UBE4A as the cognate ubiquitin ligase for ILEI. Co‐immunoprecipitation experiments established direct interaction of endogenous ILEI and UBE4A. Furthermore, co‐immunoprecipitation of FLAG‐tagged ILEI in cells co‐transfected with either HA‐UBE4A or HA‐UBE3C revealed robust polyubiquitinated smear of ILEI in cells transfected with UBE4A, but not UBE3C, thus confirming UBE4A as the ubiquitin ligase for ILEI degradation. Ectopic overexpression of UBE4A, but not UBE3C, in cells was downregulated in vitro migration and invasion in these cells. Cumulatively, our data reveals a novel post‐translational regulatory mechanism of regulating ILEI1 expression, a protein required for metastatic progression in prostate cancer cells. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 69(1):16–21, 2017
Raine Syndrome (OMIM #259775), Caused By FAM20C Mutation, Is Congenital Sclerosing Osteomalacia With Cerebral Calcification (OMIM 259660)
Authors: Whyte Michael P , McAlister William H , Fallon Michael D , Pierpont Mary Ella , Bijanki Vinieth N , Duan Shenghui , Otaify Ghada A , Sly William S , Mumm Steven 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

In 1985, we briefly reported infant sisters with a unique, lethal, autosomal recessive disorder designated congenital sclerosing osteomalacia with cerebral calcification. In 1986, this condition was entered into Mendelian Inheritance In Man (MIM) as osteomalacia, sclerosing, with cerebral calcification (MIM 259660). However, no attestations followed. Instead, in 1989 Raine and colleagues published an affected neonate considering unprecedented the striking clinical and radiographic features. In 1992, “Raine syndrome” entered MIM formally as osteosclerotic bone dysplasia, lethal (MIM #259775). In 2007, the etiology emerged as loss-of-function mutation of FAM20C that encodes family with sequence similarity 20, member C. FAM20C is highly expressed in embryonic calcified tissues and encodes a kinase (dentin matrix protein 4) for most of the secreted phosphoproteome including FGF23, osteopontin, and other regulators of skeletal mineralization. Herein, we detail the clinical, radiological, biochemical, histopathological, and FAM20C findings of our patients. Following premortem tetracycline labeling, the proposita's non-decalcified skeletal histopathology after autopsy indicated no rickets but documented severe osteomalacia. Archival DNA revealed the sisters were compound heterozygotes for a unique missense mutation and a novel deletion in FAM20C. Individuals heterozygous for the missense mutation seemed to prematurely fuse their metopic suture and develop a metopic ridge sometimes including trigonocephaly. Our findings clarify FAM20C's role in hard tissue formation and mineralization, and show that Raine syndrome is congenital sclerosing osteomalacia with cerebral calcification. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Abstract
In 1985, we briefly characterized “congenital sclerosing osteomalacia with cerebral calcification” (CSOCC) in infant sisters. Later, Raine syndrome (RNS) became known, with FAM20C deactivation discovered in 2007. FAM20C is a kinase for the secreted phosphoproteome, including FGF23 and SIBLINGs that regulate mineralization. We find the sisters carried two unique mutations in FAM20C. Skeletal histopathology indicated severe osteomalacia yet no rickets. Our findings clarify FAM20C's role in osteogenesis and hard tissue mineralization, and show RNS is CSOCC.
Following up adult patients with tetralogy of fallot: The role of echocardiography
Authors: Daraban Ana Maria , Jurcuţ Ruxandra , Bădilă Elisabeta , Bartoş Daniela , Dan Gheorghe Andrei 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTTetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is one of the most common cyanotic congenital heart diseases. With surgical repair and the advances in postoperative care, contemporary mortality has dramatically improved and an increasing number of patients survive into adulthood, leading to a growing number of adult TOF. However, residual anatomic and hemodynamic abnormalities are encountered in nearly all patients, making follow‐up mandatory. Furthermore, mortality starts to increase 25 years after surgery, emphasizing that, in adult TOF, closer monitoring is necessary. We review here the role of echocardiography in the follow‐up of the TOF patients, emphasizing the role of multiple echocardiographic techniques. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:79–95, 2017;
Morphological And Molecular Analyses of an Anatomical Novelty: The Pelvic Fin Filaments of the South American Lungfish
Authors: Lima Sergio Q. , Costa Carinne M. , Amemiya Chris T. , Schneider Igor 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTThe pelvic fins of male South American lungfish, Lepidosiren paradoxa, are adorned with a distinctive array of filaments, which grow and become highly vascularized during the breeding season. The resemblance between these pelvic fin filaments (PFFs) and external gills of other vertebrates suggested that this gill‐like structure was used for physiological gas exchange. It has been proposed that the unique pelvic fin of male L. paradoxa is used for release of oxygen from its blood into the environment in order to aerate its nesting brood, or, conversely, as an auxiliary respiratory organ by absorbing oxygen from the environment into its bloodstream. Here, we employed histology, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) to assess whether the morphology and molecular profile of PFFs are compatible with a role in gas exchange. First, we closely examined its external morphology and showed that PFFs develop from short papillae during the rainy season, but remain covered by a thick nonvascularized epithelium. Histological examination confirmed that capillaries within the filaments are separated from the exterior by a basement membrane and a stratified epithelium composed of four to five cell layers. In addition, SEM analysis revealed significant differences between the fin filament epithelium and typical gill epithelium. Finally, our qPCR results showed that five genes commonly expressed in gills were downregulated in PFFs relative to their expression in regular pectoral fin epidermis. Collectively, our results do not directly support a role for PFFs, commonly referred to as “limb gills”, in oxygen release or uptake.
An Exploratory Flow Reactor Study of H2S Oxidation at 30–100 Bar
Authors: Song Yu , Hashemi Hamid , Christensen Jakob Munkholt , Zou Chun , Haynes Brian S. , Marshall Paul , Glarborg Peter 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTHydrogen sulfide oxidation experiments were conducted in O2/N2 at high pressure (30 and 100 bar) under oxidizing and stoichiometric conditions. Temperatures ranged from 450 to 925 K, with residence times of 3–20 s. Under stoichiometric conditions, the oxidation of H2S was initiated at 600 K and almost completed at 900 K. Under oxidizing conditions, the onset temperature for reaction was 500–550 K, depending on pressure and residence time, with full oxidization to SO2 at 550–600 K. Similar results were obtained in quartz and alumina tubes, indicating little influence of surface chemistry. The data were interpreted in terms of a detailed chemical kinetic model. The rate constants for selected reactions, including SH + O2 ⇄ SO2 + H, were determined from ab initio calculations. Modeling predictions generally overpredicted the temperature for onset of reaction. Calculations were sensitive to reactions of the comparatively unreactive SH radical. Under stoichiometric conditions, the oxidation rate was mostly controlled by the SH + SH branching ratio to form H2S + S (promoting reaction) and HSSH (terminating). Further work is desirable on the SH + SH recombination and on subsequent reactions in the S2 subset of the mechanism. Under oxidizing conditions, a high O2 concentration (augmented by the high pressure) causes the termolecular reaction SH + O2 + O2 → HSO + O3 to become the major consumption step for SH, according to the model. Consequently, calculations become very sensitive to the rate constant and product channels for the H2S + O3 reaction, which are currently not well established.
Rate Constants of the Reactions of O(3P) Atoms with Ethene and Propene over the Temperature Range 230–900 K
Authors: Morin Julien , Bedjanian Yuri , Romanias Manolis N. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTThe kinetics of the reactions of ethene and propene with triplet oxygen atoms have been studied over a wide temperature range, T = 230–900 K, using a low‐pressure (P = 1 Torr) flow tube reactor coupled with an electron impact ionization quadrupole mass spectrometer: O + C2H4 → products (1) and O + C3H6 → products (2). The rate constants of the title reactions were determined under pseudo–first‐order conditions, either monitoring the kinetics of O‐atom consumption in excess of alkene or alkene loss in excess of oxygen atoms. The temperature dependence of the rate constant of reaction (1), k1 = 8.64 × 10−17 T1.70 exp(–206/T) cm3 molecule−1 s−1 (uncertainty of 20%), was found to be in excellent agreement with multiple previous data that can be considered as a validation of the experimental approach. The measurements of the rate constant of the reaction of O atoms with propene, k2 = 3.65 × 10−18 T2.20 exp(455/T) cm3 molecule−1 s−1 (uncertainty of 20%), allowed to harmonize the results of previous low‐ and high‐temperature measurements and to recommend the expression for k2 in a wide temperature range, 200–1200 K.
Basal ganglia structure in Tourette's disorder and/or attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Forde Natalie J. , Zwiers Marcel P. , Naaijen Jilly , Akkermans Sophie E. A. , Openneer Thaira J. C. , Visscher Frank , Dietrich Andrea , Buitelaar Jan K. , Hoekstra Pieter J. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundTourette's disorder and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder often co‐occur and have both been associated with structural variation of the basal ganglia. However, findings are inconsistent and comorbidity is often neglected.MethodsT1‐weighted magnetic resonance images from children (n = 141, 8 to 12 years) with Tourette's disorder and/or attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder and controls were processed with the Oxford Centre for Functional MRI [Magnetic resonance imaging] of the Brain (FMRIB) integrated registration and segmentation tool to determine basal ganglia nuclei volume and shape. Across all participants, basal ganglia nuclei volume and shape were estimated in relation to Tourette's disorder (categorical), attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder severity (continuous across all participants), and their interaction.ResultsThe analysis revealed no differences in basal ganglia nuclei volumes or shape between children with and without Tourette's disorder, no association with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder severity, and no interaction between the two.ConclusionWe found no evidence that Tourette's disorder, attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder severity, or a combination thereof are associated with structural variation of the basal ganglia in 8‐ to 12‐year‐old patients. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Magnetic resonance safety and compatibility of tantalum markers used in proton beam therapy for intraocular tumors: A 7.0 Tesla study
Authors: Oberacker Eva , Paul Katharina , Huelnhagen Till , Oezerdem Celal , Winter Lukas , Pohlmann Andreas , Boehmert Laura , Stachs Oliver , Heufelder Jens , Weber Andreas , Rehak Matus , Seibel Ira , Niendorf Thoralf 
Published: November 2016

PurposeProton radiation therapy (PRT) is a standard treatment of uveal melanoma. PRT patients undergo implantation of ocular tantalum markers (OTMs) for treatment planning. Ultra‐high‐field MRI is a promising technique for 3D tumor visualization and PRT planning. This work examines MR safety and compatibility of OTMs at 7.0 Tesla.MethodsMR safety assessment included deflection angle measurements (DAMs), electromagnetic field (EMF) simulations for specific absorption rate (SAR) estimation, and temperature simulations for examining radiofrequency heating using a bow‐tie dipole antenna for transmission. MR compatibility was assessed by susceptibility artifacts in agarose, ex vivo pig eyes, and in an ex vivo tumor eye using gradient echo and fast spin‐echo imaging.ResultsDAM (α < 1 °) demonstrated no risk attributed to magnetically induced OTM deflection. EMF simulations showed that an OTM can be approximated by a disk, demonstrated the need for averaging masses of mave = 0.01 g to accommodate the OTM, and provided SAR0.01g,maximum = 2.64 W/kg (Pin = 1W) in OTM presence. A transfer function was derived, enabling SAR0.01g estimation for individual patient scenarios without the OTM being integrated. Thermal simulations revealed minor OTM‐related temperature increase (δT < 15 mK). Susceptibility artifact size (<8 mm) and location suggest no restrictions for MRI of the nervus opticus.ConclusionOTMs are not a per se contraindication for MRI. Magn Reson Med 78:1533–1546, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Intranasal fentanyl for initial treatment of vaso‐occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease
Authors: Fein Daniel M. , Avner Jeffrey R. , Scharbach Kathryn , Manwani Deepa , Khine Hnin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundAnalgesia administration for children with vaso‐occlusive crises is often delayed in the emergency department. Intranasal fentanyl (INF) has been shown to be safe and effective in providing rapid analgesia for other painful conditions. Our objective was to determine if children with a vaso‐occlusive crisis (VOC) who received initial treatment with INF compared to placebo achieved a greater decrease in pain score after 20 min.ProcedureThis was a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial. Children with sickle cell disease, 3–20 years old, not taking daily opiates were eligible for the study. Subjects who presented to the emergency department with a pain score ≥6 were randomized to either a single dose of INF (2 μg/kg, maximum 100 μg) or an equivalent volume of intranasal saline. Pain scores were obtained using a modified Wong–Baker FACES pain scale prior to the administration of study drug and at 10, 20, and 30 min afterward. Additional analgesic medication was given per standard protocol.ResultsForty‐nine subjects completed the study (24 fentanyl and 25 placebo). Subjects who received INF had a greater decrease in median pain score at 20 min compared to placebo (2 [interquartile range, (IQR) 0.5–4] vs. 1 [IQR 0–2], P = 0.048), but not at 10 or 30 min. There were no serious adverse events in either group.ConclusionChildren who received INF had a greater decrease in pain score at 20 min compared to those who received placebo. Further studies should evaluate how to best incorporate INF into the emergency care of a child with a VOC.