bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia and Down syndrome
Authors: Tamaura Moe , Iwasaki Fuminori , Yokosuka Tomoko , Fukuda Kunio , Hamonoue Satoshi , Goto Hiroaki 
Published: June 2016

AbstractChildren with Down syndrome (DS) are at high risk of developing acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but Philadelphia chromosome‐positive (Ph+) ALL is rare in DS children. We report a case of Ph+ALL with DS complicated by chronic heart failure. Complete molecular remission was obtained after imatinib‐combined chemotherapy, although infectious episodes during the neutropenic period worsened the heart condition. After two courses of intensification chemotherapy, the patient underwent reduced intensity stem cell transplantation from an HLA‐identical sibling donor followed by post‐transplant imatinib. The patient maintained molecular complete remission for >2 years. This case report is the first description of the safe and effective use of imatinib for DS‐Ph+ALL. This case suggests the potential of molecular targeting therapy in DS‐ALL, which is often complicated by congenital diseases, and the importance of treating DS‐ALL while maintaining intensity and reducing treatment‐related toxicity.
Time trends in pediatric Herpes zoster hospitalization rate after Varicella immunization
Authors: Critselis Elena , Theodoridou Kalliopi , Alexopoulou Zoi , Theodoridou Maria , Papaevangelou Vassiliki 
Published: June 2016

AbstractHerpes zoster (HZ) is an emerging concern for public health officials. The aim of this study was to determine whether universal Varicella immunization implemented in 2004 had an impact on HZ hospitalization in immunocompetent children in Greece. All HZ hospitalizations were recorded during the period 1999–2011. The overall attributable hospitalization rate was 13.89 cases/1000 hospital admissions (95%CI: 11.69–16.38 cases/1000 hospital admissions). HZ hospitalization rate remained unchanged during the study period. These data provide a basis for monitoring HZ hospitalization rate among children following universal toddler immunization.
Osteoid osteoma mimicking monoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis in a girl
Authors: Massei Francesco , Laccetta Gianluigi , Barrani Monica , Fabbri Luca , Zampa Virna , Paolicchi Alessandro , Cioni Roberto , Ciancia Eugenio Mario , Scaglione Michelangelo , Consolini Rita 
Published: June 2016

AbstractOsteoid osteoma (OO) is a benign osteogenic neoplasm, usually affecting children and young adults, that is typically characterized by nocturnal pain and response to non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs. OO is frequently misdiagnosed because it mimics juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), bone infection or malignancy. Herein we report the case of a girl who presented with chronic monoarthritis of the knee mimicking JIA. After 1 year, OO of the femoral distal metaphysis was diagnosed. OO was treated with computed tomography‐guided radiofrequency ablation with disappearance of the symptoms and resolution of the neoplasm. No recurrences have been observed 3 years after the treatment. This case highlights that intra‐articular or juxta‐articular OO should be suspected in the case of misleading symptoms and signs, such as swelling, lack of typical pain and synovial thickening on ultrasound; needle biopsy of the lesion is necessary in the case of confusing imaging.
Ampicillin‐ and ampicillin/sulbactam‐resistant Escherichia coli infection in a neonatal intensive care unit in Japan
Authors: Saida Ken , Ito Yukako , Shima Yosuke , Kasuga Eriko , Kusakari Mai , Miyosawa Yukihide , Baba Atsushi 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe incidence of ampicillin (ABPC)‐resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection in very low‐birthweight infants has been increasing. The rate of ABPC/sulbactam (ABPC/SBT)‐resistant E. coli in this population, however, is currently unknown. We encountered two cases of severe infection due to resistant E. coli and retrospectively studied the prevalence of ABPC‐ and ABPC/SBT‐resistant E. coli in regular surveillance cultures obtained from all neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patients between 2000 and 2013. The overall prevalence of ABPC‐resistant E. coli was 39% (47/120), accounting for 63% of cases (32/51) between 2007 and 2013, compared with 22% (15/69) between 2000 and 2006. The prevalence of ABPC/SBT resistance was 17% (20/120), which was similar in both periods (16%, 8/51 vs 17%, 12/69). According to these results, not only ABPC, but also ABPC/SBT‐resistant E. coli must be considered in the NICU.
Liddle syndrome in a Turkish family with heterogeneous phenotypes
Authors: Büyükkaragöz Bahar , Yilmaz Aysun Caltik , Karcaaltincaba Deniz , Ozdemir Osman , Ludwig Michael 
Published: June 2016

AbstractLiddle syndrome (LS) is a familial disease characterized by early onset hypertension (HT). Although regarded as rare, its incidence may be greater than expected because the classical findings of hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis with suppressed renin and aldosterone levels are not consistently present. Herein, we present the case of an adolescent boy and maternal relatives who were followed up with misdiagnosis of essential HT for a long duration. Clinical diagnosis of LS was confirmed on genetic analysis. Despite carrying the same mutation, the index patient and the family members manifested heterogeneous phenotypes of the disease including age at presentation, degree of HT, presence of hypokalemia and renal/cardiac complications. LS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of HT in children with a strong family history of HT resistant to conventional treatment; and genetic screening should be performed in these circumstances.
Congenital nephrotic syndrome in an infant with ALG1‐congenital disorder of glycosylation
Authors: Harshman Lyndsay A , Ng Bobby G , Freeze Hudson H , Trapane Pamela , Dolezal Anna , Brophy Patrick D , Brumbaugh Jane E 
Published: June 2016

AbstractCongenital nephrotic syndrome (NS) in the newborn is most frequently related to mutations in genes specific for structural integrity of the glomerular basement membrane and associated filtration structures within the kidney, resulting in massive leakage of plasma proteins into the urine. Occurrence of congenital NS in a multi‐system syndrome is less common. We describe the case of an infant with deteriorating neurological status, seizures, edema, and proteinuria who was found to have a mutation in gene ALG1 and a renal biopsy consistent with congenital NS. Furthermore, we briefly review rare existing case reports documenting congenital NS in patients with mutations in ALG1, and treatment strategies, including novel use of peritoneal dialysis.
Entailments are Cancellable
Authors: Davies Alex 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSeveral philosophers have recently claimed that if a proposition is cancellable from an uttered sentence then that proposition is not entailed by that uttered sentence. The claim should be a familiar one. It has become a standard device in the philosopher's tool‐kit. I argue that this claim is false. There is a kind of entailment—which I call “modal entailment”—that is context‐sensitive and, because of this, cancellable. So cancellability does not show that a proposition is not entailed by an uttered sentence. I close the paper by describing an implication this has for a disagreement between J. L. Austin and Grice concerning the relation between felicity and truth.
Impact of Malaria Control on Late and Early Infant Mortality in Senegal
Authors: Tabetando Rayner , Mom Njong Aloysius 
Published: June 2016

AbstractOne of the greatest achievements of the twenty‐first century has been the dramatic decline in malaria prevalence notably in endemic developing countries. In this study, we estimate the impact of recent scale up in malaria control in Senegal on neonatal, postnatal and infant mortality. We exploit natural preintervention variation in malaria prevalence to estimate the impact of recent malaria control policy in Senegal. In a difference in differences design, we find a negative and significant effect on neonatal and infant mortality in malaria endemic regions while the impact on postnatal mortality is inconclusive. We rule out competing explanations such as contemporaneous health campaigns, general improvement in health care delivery and pre‐existing regional time trends. We identify a 26.9% and 16.3% reduction in neonatal and infant mortality, respectively, in malaria endemic regions during 2005–2014. We argue that increase in donor funding for malaria control as well as greater involvement of local communities and civil society organization has proven to be effective. However, the impact of malaria control on mortality may vary substantially depending on early or late infant mortality.
Screening for the SMIM1*64_80 del Allele in blood donors in a population from Southern Brazil
Authors: Costa D. C. , Dezan M. , Santos T. , Schinaider A. A. , Schörner E. J. , Levi J. E. , Santos‐Silva M. C. 
Published: June 2016

SUMMARYBackground and ObjectivesSerological screening for the Vel− phenotype is complex given the large individual variation in the levels of expression of the Vel antigen, and the polyclonal anti‐human sera of immunised persons, when available, show heterogeneous reactivity levels. Studies of the SMIM1 gene have enabled the development of several molecular methodologies that will be crucially important for the screening of different populations, including Brazilians. To evaluate the deletion of 17 bp in the SMIM1 gene in a population from the south of Brazil, 448 unrelated blood donors from 7 regions comprising the haemotherapy network in the state of Santa Catarina were evaluated between August 2011 and March 2014.Materials and MethodsDNA samples from these donors were analysed employing a 5′ nuclease real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting the 17 bp deletion in the SMIM1 gene.ResultsAmong the 448 samples analysed, 10 (2·23%) harboured the 17 bp deletion of the gene SMIM1, and all were heterozygote for the SMIM1*64_80 del allele.ConclusionThe allelic frequency found differed from those observed in other Caucasian populations. This difference can be explained by the ethnic make‐up of each Caucasian population. The data obtained are important to characterise the correct phenotype of the donor as the serological assay results are not reliable due to variations in the expression intensity of the Vel antigen in heterozygote donors for the SMIM1*64_80 del allele. Moreover, the tool used in this study is of great value for identifying a donor Vel− phenotype and supplying a possible need for transfusion.
Comparison of intradermal and percutaneous testing to histamine, saline and nine allergens in healthy adult cats
Authors: Gentry Christina M , Messinger Linda 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundIntradermal testing (IDT) in cats has potential limitations; this has led to an interest in novel testing methods. A pilot study demonstrated that healthy cats produced reliable percutaneous glycerinated (PG) histamine wheals, whereas percutaneously applied glycerosaline did not lead to wheal formation.Hypothesis/ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine if percutaneously applied aqueous and glycerinated allergens would lead to irritant reactions in healthy cats.MethodsPercutaneous testing (PCT) with both glycerinated and aqueous allergens and IDT were compared in twelve healthy cats. The lateral thorax was clipped and histamine, saline and nine allergens were tested in rows. Objective and subjective evaluations were performed at 15, 20 and 25 min, and 4 h. Results were evaluated as positive or negative at 15, 20, 25 min and 4 h.ResultsSkin test reactions for intradermal (ID) histamine wheals were larger when compared to PG and percutaneous aqueous (PA) at the immediate reading points (P < 0.05) subjectively and objectively; however, PG was not significantly different from ID when compared as either positive (2–4) or negative (0–1). PG histamine and allergen reactions, when present, were larger than equivalent PA reactions. PG and PA allergens did not cause irritant reactions at tested concentrations. Bassia scoparia (kochia), when tested at 1000 PNU/mL with IDT, was suspected to be an irritant.Conclusions and Clinical ImportancePercutaneously (PCT) applied allergens did not cause irritant reactions in healthy cats. PG histamine wheals, although smaller than ID histamine wheals, were easily recognizable and PCT was simple to perform.
Skin diseases in companion guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus): a retrospective study of 293 cases seen at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California at Davis (1990–2015)
Authors: White Stephen D. , Guzman David Sanchez‐Migallon , Paul‐Murphy Joanne , Hawkins Michelle G. 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundGuinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) are popular companion animals with reported skin diseases, but most reports are accessed from textbooks or review articles.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo document skin diseases and their prevalence in companion guinea pigs in northern California, USA, and to investigate predilections for the most common conditions over a 25 year period.AnimalsTwo hundred and ninety three guinea pigs from the hospital population met inclusion criteria.MethodsA retrospective study was performed by searching computerized medical records seen at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (VMTH), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California from 1 January 1990 to 31 July 2015 using key words relevant to dermatology.ResultsOf the 580 guinea pigs seen at the VMTH, 50% (293) had skin disease. Of the 293 cases, 154 (52%) presented for nondermatological reasons. Guinea pigs with skin disease were significantly older than those without skin disease (P = 0.0002); females with skin disease were more likely to have cystic ovaries (P = 0.0203), although these were not always associated with alopecia. Pododermatitis and infestation with Trixacarus caviae or lice were the most common skin diseases. Ivermectin or selamectin was used for ectoparasite treatment. Abscesses unassociated with pododermatitis were the most common nodules. Benign follicular tumours were the most common neoplasm. Despite the frequent mention of dermatophytosis in the veterinary literature, only two cases of Trichophyton mentagrophytes were diagnosed.Conclusions and clinical importanceCutaneous conditions in companion guinea pigs in the USA are common. Clinicians should include a dermatological examination when examining these rodents regardless of the reason for presentation.
Diastasis recti abdominis during pregnancy and 12 months after childbirth: prevalence, risk factors and report of lumbopelvic pain
Authors: Sperstad Jorun Bakken , Tennfjord Merete Kolberg , Hilde Gunvor , Ellström-Engh Marie , Bø Kari 
Published: June 2016

Background/aimDiastasis recti abdominis (DRA) is defined as a separation of the 2 muscle bellies of rectus abdominis. To date there is scant knowledge on prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of the condition. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of DRA during pregnancy and post partum, presence of possible risk factors, and the occurrence of lumbopelvic pain among women with and without DRA.MethodsThis prospective cohort study followed 300 first-time pregnant women from pregnancy till 12 months post partum. Data were collected by electronic questionnaire and clinical examinations. DRA was defined as a palpated separation of ≥2 fingerbreadths either 4.5 cm above, at or 4.5 cm below the umbilicus. Women with and without DRA were compared with independent samples Student's t-test and χ2/Fisher exact test, and OR with significance level >0.05.ResultsPrevalence of DRA was 33.1%, 60.0%, 45.4%, and 32.6% at gestation week 21, 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months post partum, respectively. No difference in risk factors was found when comparing women with and without DRA. OR showed a greater likelihood for DRA among women reporting heavy lifting ≥20 times weekly (OR 2.18 95% CI 1.05 to 4.52). There was no difference in reported lumbopelvic pain (p=0.10) in women with and without DRA.ConclusionsPrevalence of mild DRA was high both during pregnancy and after childbirth. Women with and without DRA reported the same amount of lumbopelvic pain 12 months post partum.
Elaboration of a risk map in a paediatric Emergency Department of a teaching hospital
Authors: Mojica Elisa , Izarzugaza Estibaliz , Gonzalez Maria , Astobiza Eider , Benito Javier , Mintegi Santiago 
Published: June 2016

ObjectiveTo develop a risk map in a paediatric ED of a tertiary teaching hospital, combining proactive and reactive strategies.MethodsBetween June and December 2013, a multidisciplinary committee in a paediatric Emergency Department (ED) in Bilbao (Basque Country of Spain) mapped the patient's journey and identified potential risks to patients (proactive strategy). The researchers also analysed incidents reported by professionals and caregivers (mainly parents) in the paediatric ED from November 2004–December 2013 (reactive strategies). Combining the results of both strategies, we applied the ‘Failure mode and effects analysis’ tool to identify and prioritise high or very high-risk situations and apply them to the risk map.ResultsUsing proactive strategies, 49 opportunities for failures, 60 effects and 252 causes were identified. The most common failures were related to the discharge of the patient; the most common effects were complaints by parents, long stay in the ED, delay in diagnosis/treatment and unnecessary treatment. Main causes were not including the family in the process, shift change, incorrect identification of the patient and computer errors. Using reactive strategies, 1795 reported incidents were analysed. The most common incidents were related to medical equipment (38%), resources/organisation of staff (17%), clinical process (15%), facilities (12%) and medication errors (5%). Proactive strategies identified risks in tests, treatment and discharge. The reactive strategy added risks concerning prehospital transfer, triage, medical care, tests, treatment and discharge.ConclusionsProactive and reactive strategies, involving professionals and caregivers, can complement each other in identifying potential patient safety risks in a paediatric ED.
Engaging the public in healthcare decision-making: results from a Citizens’ Jury on emergency care services
Authors: Scuffham P A , Moretto N , Krinks R , Burton P , Whitty J A , Wilson A , Fitzgerald G , Littlejohns P , Kendall E 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundPolicies addressing ED crowding have failed to incorporate the public's perspectives; engaging the public in such policies is needed.ObjectiveThis study aimed at determining the public's recommendations related to alternative models of care intended to reduce crowding, optimising access to and provision of emergency care.MethodsA Citizens' Jury was convened in Queensland, Australia, to consider priority setting and resource allocation to address ED crowding. Twenty-two jurors were recruited from the electoral roll, who were interested and available to attend the jury from 15 to 17 June 2012. Juror feedback was collected via a survey immediately following the end of the jury.ResultsThe jury considered that all patients attending the ED should be assessed with a minority of cases diverted for assistance elsewhere. Jurors strongly supported enabling ambulance staff to treat patients in their homes without transporting them to the ED, and allowing non-medical staff to treat some patients without seeing a doctor. Jurors supported (in principle) patient choice over aspects of their treatment (when, where and type of health professional) with some support for patients paying towards treatment but unanimous opposition for patients paying to be prioritised. Most of the jurors were satisfied with their experience of the Citizens' Jury process, but some jurors perceived the time allocated for deliberations as insufficient.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the general public may be open to flexible models of emergency care. The jury provided clear recommendations for direct public input to guide health policy to tackle ED crowding.
Exploring optimal air ambulance base locations in Norway using advanced mathematical modelling
Authors: Røislien Jo , van den Berg Pieter L , Lindner Thomas , Zakariassen Erik , Aardal Karen , van Essen J Theresia 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundHelicopter emergency medical services are an important part of many healthcare systems. Norway has a nationwide physician staffed air ambulance service with 12 bases servicing a country with large geographical variations in population density. The aim of the study was to estimate optimal air ambulance base locations.MethodsWe used high resolution population data for Norway from 2015, dividing Norway into >300 000 1 km×1 km cells. Inhabited cells had a median (5–95 percentile) of 13 (1–391) inhabitants. Optimal helicopter base locations were estimated using the maximal covering location problem facility location optimisation model, exploring the number of bases needed to cover various fractions of the population for time thresholds 30 and 45 min, both in green field scenarios and conditioning on the current base structure. We reanalysed on municipality level data to explore the potential information loss using coarser population data.ResultsFor a 45 min threshold, 90% of the population could be covered using four bases, and 100% using nine bases. Given the existing bases, the calculations imply the need for two more bases to achieve full coverage. Decreasing the threshold to 30 min approximately doubles the number of bases needed. Results using municipality level data were remarkably similar to those using fine grid information.ConclusionsThe whole population could be reached in 45 min or less using nine optimally placed bases. The current base structure could be improved by moving or adding one or two select bases. Municipality level data appears sufficient for proper analysis.
High CCL27 immunoreactivity in ‘supratumoral’ epidermis correlates with better prognosis in patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma
Authors: Martinez-Rodriguez Miguel , Thompson Alec K , Monteagudo Carlos 
Published: June 2016

AimsIt has been proposed that the expression of chemokines and chemokine receptors by melanoma cells may have a role in tumour immune escape. Chemokine CCL27 is reported to be expressed specifically on the epidermal keratinocytes. The implication of CCL27 in cutaneous melanomas is currently unresolved. It has been suggested that CCL27 expression in melanomas can induce antitumoral immunity, and that CCL27 may suppress tumour growth probably due to the local lymphocyte recruitment.MethodsWe studied CCL27 chemokine expression in three different concentric epidermal areas covering the primary cutaneous melanoma in patients with a long clinical follow-up. Our study included 91 cases of primary melanomas of the skin diagnosed during the 10-year period 1992–2002, and a minimum clinical follow-up of 10 years.ResultsWe evaluated three different concentric and easily reproducible areas in the epidermis: the area covering melanoma (which we called ‘supratumoral’), the area adjacent to the tumour (‘peritumoral’) and the most peripheral epidermal area (‘peripheral’). Only CCL27 expression in supratumoral epidermis correlated with clinical outcome.ConclusionsOur study showed that a higher immunostaining of CCL27 in supratumoral epidermis is associated with longer progression-free interval and melanoma-specific survival.