bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MYB expression: Potential role in separating adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) from pleomorphic adenoma (PA)
Authors: Moon Andres , Cohen Cynthia , Siddiqui Momin T. 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundBasaloid tumors of the salivary gland both benign and malignant comprise ACC, cellular PA, basal cell adenoma (BCA), and basal cell adenocarcinoma. Rendering a diagnosis given a limited biopsy or fine needle aspiration (FNA) sample proves challenging. Activation of MYB by gene fusion has been found in salivary gland ACCs; therefore we investigated the utility of MYB immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a tool for distinguishing ACCs from other basaloid neoplasms.MethodsWe selected 48 cases of ACC (11 FNA blocks [CB]), 37 histologic resections [HR]), 74 PA (36 CB, 38 HR), and 18 BCA (7 CB, 11 HR). FNA CB showed 82% of ACCs (N = 9 of 11) as positive for MYB nuclear staining whereas 68% of ACCs (N = 25 of 37) were positive in HR.ResultsAll PA were negative for MYB nuclear staining in both CB (N = 0 of 36) and HR (N = 0 of 38). CB showed 29% of BCA (N = 2 of 7) as positive for MYB nuclear staining and 55% (N = 6 of 11) positive in HR. Both ACC and BCA showed significantly higher mean staining intensity than PA in both CB and HR (P < 0.0001). When comparing ACC and BCA, significantly higher mean staining intensity was observed in CB (P = 0.02382) but not in HR (P = 0.42952).ConclusionMYB nuclear staining may prove useful in separating ACC from PA and BCA, especially in limited cellular samples. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:799–804. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electric Field Modulation of Silicon upon Tethering of Highly Charged Nucleic Acids. Capacitive Studies on DNA‐modified Silicon (111)
Authors: Gebala Magdalena , La Mantia Fabio , Michaels Pauline Eugene , Ciampi Simone , Gupta Bakul , Parker Stephen G. , Tavallaie Roya , Gooding J. Justin 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe provide complex capacitance studies which show that the tethering of negatively‐charged DNA molecules to p‐doped silicon (111), without intervening oxide layer, leads to changes of the electric field in the underlying silicon. We proposed, that the tethering of the DNA leads to the formation of surface states that, from the electronic point of view, resemble the major carriers of p‐type silicon, i.e. holes. This effect is enhanced by the formation of double‐stranded (ds)DNA molecules and hence is the premise to label‐free detection of the DNA hybridization. Overall, our studies provide a promising alternative to design a biosensor to detect the hybridization of DNA molecules on the silicon surface.
High concentration CO2 sequestration by using microalgae in staged cultivation
Authors: Huang Guanhua , Li Tao , Chen Feng , He Huan , Kuang YaLi 
Published: August 2016

The acclimated fresh water microalga Chlorella vulgaris has the excellent growing capability in the process of staged cultivation (SC). In this study, the alga solutions with low (106/mL) and high (107/m) cell densities showed different abilities of growth with different levels of CO2–air mixture gases[5%, 10%, 15% (v/v)]. The SC process can improve the algal mass productivity rapidly by the aerating increased concentrations of CO2 of mixed gases into the algae solution in a short time. The results showed that the cell density was improved to 1.72 g L−1 within 7 days, showing 3.1, 1.48, and 1.70 times improvement compared to that in the biomass from the culture with separate 5, 10, and 15% CO2–air mixture gases. Besides, there were not the obvious distinctions on the contents of biochemicals (carbohydrate, protein, and lipid) from these algae. This study proved that SC process was an efficient method to improve biomass productivity of Chlorella sp. in a short time with low initial cell density. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 35: 1862–1867, 2016
Nuclear respiratory factor‐1 (NRF‐1) regulated hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) under hypoxia in HEK293T
Authors: Wang Dan , Zhang Jie , Lu Yapeng , Luo Qianqian , Zhu Li 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α) is a master regulator of oxygen homeostasis. Under hypoxia, the active HIF1‐α subunits are mainly regulated through increased protein stabilization. Little is known concerning HIF‐1α transcriptional regulation. Nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF‐1) is a DNA‐binding transcription factor that regulates mitochondrial biogenesis. In this study, we showed that NRF‐1was a repressor of HIF‐1α. The cellular depletion of NRF‐1 by siRNA targeting leads to increased HIF‐1αtranscriptional activity. EMSA, ChIP and luciferase activity allowed the identification of two functional NRF‐1 binding sites within HIF‐1α promoter. This study therefore identifies NRF‐1 as a novel regulator of HIF‐1α. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 68(9):748–755, 2016
Evolutionary Developmental Biology (Evo‐Devo) Research in Latin America
Authors: Marcellini Sylvain , González Favio , Sarrazin Andres F. , Pabón‐Mora Natalia , Benítez Mariana , Piñeyro‐Nelson Alma , Rezende Gustavo L. , Maldonado Ernesto , Schneider Patricia Neiva , Grizante Mariana B. , Da Fonseca Rodrigo Nunes , Vergara‐Silva Francisco , Suaza‐Gaviria Vanessa , Zumajo‐Cardona Cecilia , Zattara Eduardo E. , Casasa Sofia , Suárez‐Baron Harold , Brown Federico D. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTFamous for its blind cavefish and Darwin's finches, Latin America is home to some of the richest biodiversity hotspots of our planet. The Latin American fauna and flora inspired and captivated naturalists from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, including such notable pioneers such as Fritz Müller, Florentino Ameghino, and Léon Croizat who made a significant contribution to the study of embryology and evolutionary thinking. But, what are the historical and present contributions of the Latin American scientific community to Evo‐Devo? Here, we provide the first comprehensive overview of the Evo‐Devo laboratories based in Latin America and describe current lines of research based on endemic species, focusing on body plans and patterning, systematics, physiology, computational modeling approaches, ecology, and domestication. Literature searches reveal that Evo‐Devo in Latin America is still in its early days; while showing encouraging indicators of productivity, it has not stabilized yet, because it relies on few and sparsely distributed laboratories. Coping with the rapid changes in national scientific policies and contributing to solve social and health issues specific to each region are among the main challenges faced by Latin American researchers. The 2015 inaugural meeting of the Pan‐American Society for Evolutionary Developmental Biology played a pivotal role in bringing together Latin American researchers eager to initiate and consolidate regional and worldwide collaborative networks. Such networks will undoubtedly advance research on the extremely high genetic and phenotypic biodiversity of Latin America, bound to be an almost infinite source of amazement and fascinating findings for the Evo‐Devo community.
Influence of intraseasonal variability on precipitation in northern South America during the winter season
Authors: de Oliveira Cristiano P. , Ambrizzi Tercio , Aimola Luis 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTIntraseasonal precipitation, wind, and vertically integrated moisture flux variability were assessed from June to August between 1998 and 2009. To that end, we used daily precipitation data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and ERA‐Interim reanalysis. The composites of precipitation anomalies showed that during the intraseasonal enhancement of convective activity over the area assessed, increased precipitation occurs over the northern coast of South America; the opposite is true during the decrease in intraseasonal convective activity. The convective activity over the region of maximum precipitation variance is intraseasonally enhanced during 210 days, whereas the decrease occurs during 194 days. During the days on which the convective activity over the region of maximum precipitation variance was enhanced (decreased) by the Madden–Julian oscillation, the frequency of African easterly waves (AEWs) cases was greater (lower). The most significant average characteristics observed during this period were the displacement of positive precipitation anomalies toward the north and the intensification of the flux toward the tropical North Atlantic Ocean. This pattern disfavours precipitation over the northern coast of South America. On the other hand, during the dry period of Madden–Julian oscillation, there was a decrease in AEWs cases which, although there was negative precipitation anomalies over the northern coast of South America, there were positive anomalies over northwest South America. Therefore, the increase (decrease) in convective activity over the region of maximum precipitation variance favours (disfavours) the frequency of AEWs over this region and, consequently, the precipitation over the northern coast of South America decreases (increases) during the dry season (June to August).
Arguing against the proposed definition changes of PD
Authors: Boeve Bradley F. , Dickson Dennis W. , Duda John E. , Ferman Tanis J. , Galasko Douglas R. , Galvin James E. , Goldman Jennifer G. , Growdon John H. , Hurtig Howard I. , Kaufer Daniel I. , Kantarci Kejal , Leverenz James B. , Lippa Carol F. , Lopez Oscar L. , McKeith Ian G. , Singleton Andrew B. , Taylor Angela , Tsuang Debby , Weintraub Daniel , Zabetian Cyrus P. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTAs members of the Lewy Body Dementia Association Scientific Advisory Council, we aim to address some of the issues raised in the article titled “Time to Redefine PD? Introductory Statement of the MDS Task Force on the Definition of Parkinson's Disease.” In particular, we suggest that the 1‐year rule distinguishing Parkinson's disease dementia from dementia with Lewy bodies is worth maintaining because it serves an important purpose in clinical practice and clinical and basic science research and when helping the lay community understand the complexity of these different clinical phenotypes. Furthermore, we believe that adding an additional diagnostic label, “PD (dementia with Lewy bodies subtype),” will confuse rather than clarify the distinction between dementia with Lewy bodies and PD or PD dementia, and will not improve management or expedite therapeutic development. We present arguments supporting our contentions. © 2016 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Lectin inhibits antigen–antibody reaction in a glycoform‐specific manner: Application for detecting α2,6sialylated‐carcinoembryonic antigen
Authors: Ito Hiromi , Hoshi Kyoka , Osuka Fumihiko , Gotoh Mitsukazu , Saito Takuro , Hojo Hiroshi , Suzuki Rei , Ohira Hiromasa , Honda Takashi , Hashimoto Yasuhiro 
Published: August 2016

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein marker, which is widely used for diagnosing various cancers, especially colon adenocarcinoma. In addition, CEA mediates homotypic adhesion of colon adenocarcinoma cells, which appears to favor hematogenous metastasis. CEA carries α2,6sialyl residues on its N‐glycans whereas a normal counterpart, normal fecal antigen‐2, does α2,3sialyl residues, suggesting that cancer‐specific α2,6sialylation on CEA may play a role for cell invasion and metastasis. A simple and rapid estimation of α2,6sialyled CEA in detergent extracts from formalin‐fixed colon adenocarcinoma by “lectin inhibition” is reported. In the lectin inhibition method, Sambucus sieboldiana Agglutinin (SSA) lectin, an α2,6sialic acid binder, was used as a glycoform‐specific inhibitor for antigen–antibody reaction in ELISA. Detergent extracts from colon adenocarcinoma showed a fair amount of ELISA signal in the absence of SSA whereas the signal was markedly reduced (45≈74%) in the presence of SSA, suggesting that the extracts contains α2,6sialyled CEA. The presence of α2,6sialyled CEA in the extracts was confirmed by lectin microarray, in which SSA, Sambucus nigra agglutinin, and Trichosanthes japonica agglutinin I lectins were used as α2,6sialyl binders. Thus lectin inhibition is a simple and rapid method for detecting α2,6sialyled CEA even in crude detergent extracts from formalin‐fixed adenocarcinoma tissue.
Compound‐specific bromine isotope ratio analysis using gas chromatography/quadrupole mass spectrometry
Authors: Zakon Yevgeni , Halicz Ludwik , Lev Ovadia , Gelman Faina 
Published: August 2016

RationaleBrominated organic compounds (BOCs) are common persistent toxic pollutants. Compound‐specific stable bromine isotope ratio analysis is one of the potential approaches for investigating BOC transformations in the environment. In the present study, we demonstrate that precise bromine isotope analysis of BOCs can be successfully performed by gas chromatography/quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC/qMS) systems that are widely available in analytical laboratories.MethodsOptimization and validation of the GC/qMS method were performed by analysis of bromoform, 3‐bromophenol and 4‐bromotoluene. In addition, comparison of the results obtained by GC/qMS and GC/multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC‐ICPMS) for 1,2‐dibromoethane and 3‐bromophenol samples with different bromine isotope composition was carried out to evaluate the analytical performance of the developed method.ResultsPrecisions in the range 0.2–0.3‰ were attained for sample amounts in the range of tens to thousands pmol. Good correlation between the results obtained by GC/qMS and GC/MC‐ICPMS for laboratory standard materials (1,2‐dibromoethane and 3‐bromophenol) (regression coefficient R2 > 0.98) was achieved.ConclusionsThe GC/qMS method for bromine isotope analysis shows a good performance and can be applied routinely for studying transformations of BOCs. Due to the observed dependence of the measured isotope ratios on the amount of the analyte and the calculation scheme applied, normalization of the results versus appropriate standards is required for source attribution applications. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rebaudioside A inhibits pentylenetetrazol‐induced convulsions in rats
Authors: Uyanikgil Yigit , Cavusoglu Turker , Balcıoglu Huseyin A. , Gurgul Serkan , Solmaz Volkan , Ozlece Hatice K. , Erten Nilgun , Erbas Oytun 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe safety of patients with epilepsy consuming sweetening agents, which is becoming increasingly prevalent for various reasons, is a topic that should be emphasized as sensitively as it is for other diseases. Patients with epilepsy consume sweetening agents for different reasons such being diabetic or overweight. They can occasionally be exposed to sweetening agents unrestrainedly through consuming convenience food, primarily beverages. This study aimed to investigate the effects of rebaudioside A (Reb‐A), which is a steviol glycoside produced from the herb Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni), on epileptic seizures and convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). Forty‐eight male rats were used. Twenty‐four rats were administered 35 mg/kg PTZ to trigger epileptiform activity; the remaining 24 rats were administered 70 mg/kg PTZ to trigger the convulsion model. The epileptiform activity was evaluated by spike percentage, whereas convulsion was evaluated by Racine's Convulsion Scale and the onset time of the first myoclonic jerk. Statistical analysis revealed a statistically significant decrease in the Racine's Convulsion Scale score and increase in the latency of first myoclonic jerk in a dose‐dependent manner for the rat groups in which PTZ epilepsy had been induced and Reb‐A had been administered. For the groups that were administered Reb‐A, the spike decrease was apparent in a dose‐dependent manner, based on the spike percentage calculation. These results indicated that Reb‐A has positive effects on PTZ‐induced convulsions.
Viscoelastic liquid film flowing down a flexible tube
Authors: Zhou Zhi-Qiang , Peng Jie , Zhang Yang-Jun , Zhuge Wei-Lin 
Published: August 2016

This investigation addresses the dynamics of annular viscoelastic films flowing down a flexible tube. The fluid viscoelasticity is assumed to be weak in order to obtain approximate explicit expressions for the stresses. Based on Shkadov’s integral boundary layer method (Fluid Dyn., vol. 2(1), 1967, pp. 29–34), a set of nonlinear evolution equations is derived that is valid for flows with moderate Reynolds numbers. The linear stability property of the system is examined by using normal-mode analysis, which is verified by comparing the results with those resulting from the linearization of the full Navier–Stokes equations. The results indicate that the fluid viscoelasticity plays an unstable role in the stability of the annular film flow. The tube flexibility, which includes wall damping and wall tension, plays a dual role. A bifurcation analysis is performed, and the families of steady travelling waves are catalogued. It is found that the stiffness of the tube tends to stimulate the interfacial capillary ripples. The fluid viscoelasticity acts to strengthen the dispersion of the interfacial waves but weakens the interfacial capillary ripples. The spatio-temporal evolutions of the system are also solved numerically. When the tube radius is small enough, tube closure can be observed due to the Plateau–Rayleigh instability. The fluid viscoelasticity acts to promote tube closure while the tube radius is relatively small. However, it plays a role in postponing the closure of the tube with a large radius.
Short-wave instability of an elastic plate in supersonic flow in the presence of the boundary layer
Authors: Bondarev Vsevolod , Vedeneev Vasily 
Published: August 2016

Panel flutter is a dangerous aeroelastic instability of the skin panels of supersonic flight vehicles. Though the linear stability of panels in uniform flow has been studied in detail, the influence of the boundary layer is still an open question. Most studies of panel flutter in the presence of the boundary layer are devoted to the ($1/7$)th-power velocity law and yield a stabilising effect of the boundary layer. Recently, Vedeneev (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 736, 2013, pp. 216–249) considered arbitrary velocity and temperature profiles and showed that, for a generalised convex boundary layer profile, a decrease of the growth rates of ‘supersonic’ perturbations (responsible for single-mode panel flutter) is accompanied by destabilisation of ‘subsonic’ perturbations that are neutral in uniform flow. However, this result is not self-consistent, as the long-wave expansion for solutions of the Rayleigh equation was used, whereas subsonic perturbations, generally speaking, cannot be considered as long waves. More surprising results are obtained for the boundary layer profile with a generalised inflection point, where the effect of the layer is destabilising even for ‘supersonic’ perturbations, and such waves can also have short lengths. In order to overcome this inconsistency, in this paper, we solve the Rayleigh equation numerically and investigate the stability of short-wave perturbation of the elastic plate in the presence of the boundary layer. As before, two problem formulations are investigated. First, we study running waves in an infinite plate. Second, we analyse eigenmodes of the plate of large finite length and use Kulikovskii’s global instability criterion. Based on the results of calculations, we confirm that the effect of the boundary layer with a generalised inflection point can be essentially destabilising. On the other hand, for generalised convex boundary layers, calculations show that, unlike the prediction of the long-wave approximation, the finite plate is fully stabilised for sufficiently thick boundary layers.
The role of basement-involved normal faults in the recent tectonics of western Taiwan
Authors: YANG KENN-MING , RAU RUEY-JUIN , CHANG HAO-YUN , HSIEH CHING-YUN , TING HSIN-HSIU , HUANG SHIUH-TSANN , WU JONG-CHANG , TANG YI-JIN 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn the foreland area of western Taiwan, some of the pre-orogenic basement-involved normal faults were reactivated during the subsequent compressional tectonics. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the role played by the pre-existing normal faults in the recent tectonics of western Taiwan. In NW Taiwan, reactivated normal faults with a strike-slip component have developed by linkage of reactivated single pre-existing normal faults in the foreland basin and acted as transverse structures for low-angle thrusts in the outer fold-and-thrust belt. In the later stage of their development, the transverse structures were thrusted and appear underneath the low-angle thrusts or became tear faults in the inner fold-and-thrust belt. In SW Taiwan, where the foreland basin is lacking normal fault reactivation, the pre-existing normal faults passively acted as ramp for the low-angle thrusts in the inner fold-and-thrust belt. Some of the active faults in western Taiwan may also be related to reactivated normal faults with right-lateral slip component. Some main earthquake shocks related to either strike-slip or thrust fault plane solution occurred on reactivated normal faults, implying a relationship between the pre-existing normal fault and the triggering of the recent major earthquakes. Along-strike contrast in structural style of normal fault reactivation gives rise to different characteristics of the deformation front for different parts of the foreland area in western Taiwan. Variations in the degree of normal fault reactivation also provide some insights into the way the crust embedding the pre-existing normal faults deformed in response to orogenic contraction.
Value of Policies in Force for Fractional Periods.
Authors: Edwards Herbert H. 
Published: August 2016

It is easiest to understand the subject by approaching it arithmetically and remembering that in practice tables give values ofnV for integral values ofn.Throughout these notes it is assumed thatnV =nV(m) ifnis integral. The error cannot exceed 1 per cent, of the true value where the entry age is 35, or 3 per cent, where the entry age is 60. As mentioned in the Text Book, Part II., p. 346, the maximum percentage error arises whenmbecomes infinite and is one-half of the net annual premium per cent, for Whole Life Assurances. For Endowment Assurances the differences are very small, increasing with the maturity age.
Estate Duty and Life Claims.
Authors: Clemens F. B. 
Published: August 2016

The present Estate Duty was imposed by the Finance Act, 1894, in place of other previously existing Death Duties, and is payable on all property (with a few exceptions), real or personal, settled or unsettled, which passes on a death after 1st August, 1894.Under Section 8 (3) the Executor shall specify all the property in respect of which Estate Duty is payable, and shall be accountable for the Estate Duty in respect of all personal property of which the deceased was competent to dispose.Under Section 8 (4), where the Executor is not accountable, every Trustee, Guardian, Committee, or other person in whom any interest in the property or the management thereof is at any time vested, shall be accountable for the Estate Duty.
Policies with Waiver of Premium on Temporary and Permanent Disability
Authors: Fielder W. C. 
Published: August 2016

The particular aspect of sickness insurance to be discussed is the Waiver of Premiums under life assurance contracts on disability both temporary and permanent.Waiver of premium on Permanent Disability was introduced in Germany in 1876, and in America in 1895, and is extremely popular. In Russia some companies offer a variation, which consists of giving the assured under a participating policy the option of relinquishing the right to participation and demanding in lieu insurance against invalidity by which he is released from all future payments of premium and immediately receives 50 per cent. to 75 per cent. of the sum assured, the remainder of the sum assured being paid at death or maturity.