bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Premio Rodrigo Facio 2016: Dr. Daniel Camacho Monge
Authors: Ciencias Sociales Revista 
Published: March 2017

El premio “Rodrigo Facio Brenes” es otorgado por la Universidad de Costa Rica en reconocimiento a la obra total de aquellas personalidades que se hayan destacado por su aporte al desarrollo político, social, económico y de la justicia social del país.Esta distinción fue creada por acuerdo del Consejo Universitario en 1990 y desde entoncesse concede cada dos años. Han sido merecedores de ella, Manuel Mora Valverde, principal promotor de las garantías sociales, Isaac Felipe Azofeifa, insigne poeta y luchador social, Jorge Manuel Dengo Obregón, primer Presidente y organizador del Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad (ICE) Rodrigo Carazo Odio, ex Presidente de la República, defensor de las instituciones sociales costarricenses frente a la ola privatizadora, Fernando Soto Harrison, destacado académico, Rodrigo Madrigal Nieto, Canciller de la República en tiempos de los acuerdos de Esquipulas, María Eugenia Dengo Obregón, innovadora en el campo de la educación, Hilda Chen Apuy Espinoza y Jorge Enrique Romero Pérez, destacados académicos, Guido Miranda Gutiérrez, ex Presidente de la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social y Elizabeth Odio Benito, firme defensora de los derechos de las mujeres, ex integrante de la Tribunal Penal Internacional y miembro de la Corte Interamericana deDerechos Humanos.El premio fue entregado al Dr. Camacho Monge en sesión solemne del Consejo Universitario, el viernes 26 de agosto del presente año en el Auditorio Alberto Brenes Córdoba de la Facultad de Derecho.En este dossier se incluyen varios documentos en los cuales se explican, por parte de las instancias universitarias que intervinieron, las razones del otorgamiento del premio.Para la Revista de Ciencias Sociales es un honor dedicar a nuestro Director esta sección delpresente número, en tan memorable ocasión, la cual reconoce su trayectoria como profesor, investigador, sociólogo, abogado, dirigente académico, político y social, impulsor de la investigación, la reflexión, la crítica y el avance en el área de las Ciencias Sociales y sobre todo sus aportes al desarrollo del país ya la justicia social.
El padre Brown: la convergencia de la fe y la razón en el relato “La cruz azul” de G. K. Chesterton
Authors: Quesada Mora Gabriel 
Published: March 2017

La primera parte del artículo muestra una semblanza de G. K. Chesterton, su búsqueda intelectual y luego religiosa, y su amor a la verdad y al sentido común en medio de una sociedad moderna muy segura del poder de la razón, del progreso, las matemáticas, las ciencias, etc. En esta indagación, Chesterton va madurando su pensamiento y su manera de abordar los temas de actualidad sin dejar de lado la reflexión de los grandes temas universales. En un segundo momento se comenta el encuentro entre Chesterton y el catolicismo como experiencia viva con la persona de Cristo. Su conversión fue un largo camino con dos fuertes alas: la fe y la razón. Posteriormente, sigue escribiendo apoyado en estos dos pilares y condimentados ahora con un tercero: su fino sentido del humor, su ironía punzante y sin concesiones. Por último, a partir de este recorrido, se analiza el relato “La cruz azul”, en la que se presenta al padre Brown evitando el robo de una cruz de zafiros. Se muestran las relaciones entre los temas de la libertad, el bien y el mal, el uso de la razón, la intuición, y la ciencia. Se muestra cómo el conocimiento, las ideas y la experiencia del catolicismo hacen que el padre Brown tenga las armas necesarias para enfrentar de manera elegante y astuta la dinámica del mal. Además, en la última parte, se muestra la finura del padre Brown que sabe distinguir el mal en sí mismo y la calidad inalienable de la persona como ser con dignidad y capaz de cambiar su destino. The first part of this article shows G. K. Chesterton’s, intellectual and religious quest, his love of truth and common sense in the midst of a modern society that relies only in the power, progress, mathematics, science, etc. In this search Chesterton matures his thought and his way to address current issues without neglecting the reflection of the great universal themes. Then I will mention the encounter between Catholicism and Chesterton as a living experience with the person of Christ. His conversion to Catholicism had two strong wings: faith and reason. Henceforth his writing will be supported by these two pillars and seasoned with a third one: his fine sense of humor, his sharp and uncompromising irony. Finally, I shall present the story “The Blue Cross”, in which Father Brown prevents the theft of a cross of sapphires, where the relations between the themes of freedom, good and evil, the use of reason, intuition and science are studied. It shows how knowledge, ideas and the experience of Catholicism give Father Brown the necessary tools to deal elegantly with cunning evil weapons. Moreover, in the latter part we see how Father Brown can distinguish evil in itself and the inalienable dignity of the human person being able to change his destiny.
¿Aprender español de las telenovelas?: un aporte desde la perspectiva de receptores rumanos1
Authors: Rivera Alfaro Silvia 
Published: March 2017

Este trabajo explora la utilidad de las telenovelas como producto cultural para la difusión del español –en especial su variante americana– desde la perspectiva de consumidores de nacionalidad rumana. Para el análisis, se toman en cuenta las nociones de globalización lingüística (López Morales, 2006), el concepto de lenguaje (Rossi-Landi, 1970) y de mercado lingüístico (Bourdieu, 2001). Entre los resultados sobresale que estos seriales llevan a las personas rumanas que los consumen a convertirse en aprendientes involuntarios, que la lengua aprendida es útil para quienes son televidentes en situaciones prácticas y que las telenovelas permiten colocar el español latinoamericano y sus variedades dentro del mercado lingüístico global. This work explores usefulness of ‘telenovelas’ as a cultural product for the diffusion of Spansih –specially its American variant– from the perspective of the Romanian consumers. For the analysis, we take into account the notions of linguistic globalization (López Morales, 2006), the concept of language (Rossi-Landi, 1970), and linguistic market (Bourdieu, 2001). Among the results, it is highligthed that these shows conduct Romanians who consum them to become involuntary language learners, that the learned language is useful for the TV followers in practical situations, and that telefilms allow positioning American Spanish and its varieties in the global linguistic market.
Madame Grandet: la sumisión conyugal en Eugénie Grandet de Balzac
Authors: Daniel Cersosimo Emilie 
Published: March 2017

En este artículo se analiza la condición de servilismo en el matrimonio del personaje de Madame Grandet en la novela Eugénie Grandet, de Honoré de Balzac, desde el punto de vista del feminismo y la teoría de género. This article analyses the condition of marital servilism of the character of Madame Grandet of Balzac’s novel Eugénie Grandet according to the point of view of the feminism and the gender theory.
Sotillo Picornell: arte, ética y fotografía
Authors: Sanchez Zumbado Jimena 
Published: March 2017

José Concepción Sotillo Picornell (1886-1957) fue un fotógrafo y periodista venezolano radicado en Costa Rica entre 1910 y 1935. Este precursor de la fotografía técnica en el país, apasionado de la vieja escuela inglesa e intenso defensor de la naturalidad y la verdad transmitidas por medio de la imagen será el primero en el país en discutir sobre la relación entre arte, ética y fotografía. Desde el Estudio Sotillo, uno de los más reconocidos y emblemáticos estudios fotográficos josefinos de la época, registrará con su lente a costarricenses de todas las clases sociales de inicios del siglo XX. José Sotillo Picornell (1886-1957) was a Venezuelan journalist and photographer based in Costa Rica between 1910 and 1935. Precursor of technical photography in Costa Rica, passionate of the old English school and intense defender of the naturalness and the truth transmitted through the image, he will be the first person in the country to discuss the relationship between art, ethics and photography. From the Sotillo Studio, one of the most recognized and iconic photographic studios of San José at the time, he records with his lens all social classes of Costa Ricans from the beginning of the XXth century.
AS IMPLICAÇÕES DA CRIAÇÃO DE ZONAS DE PROCESSAMENTO DE EXPORTAÇÃO PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE
Authors: Silva João Paulo Leite , Parente Raimundo Nonato Camelo 
Published: March 2017

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo compreender as implicações sócio-econômicas e tecnológicas no RN a partir da criação das Zonas de Processamento e Exportação.
Busca, ainda, verificar a repercussão e a influência que as ZPEs têm sobre o mercado exportador do País, bem como, as suas benesses para as regiões nas quais estão implantadas ou com potencial a ser instalado. Identificando os modelos existentes, este estudo pretende apontar aquele que melhor se enquadra à realidade norte-riograndese, assim como seus impactos, no importante cenário da Política Exportadora Brasileira.
Para tanto, utiliza-se de uma abordagem fundamentada em pesquisa bibliográfica, que permitem um diagnóstico descritivo de dados qualitativos e quantitativos, importantes para essa ação. A metodologia escolhida foi à exploratória-descritiva, utilizando-se dados secundários. A pesquisa analisa a estrutura com a qual as estratégias e as políticas de desenvolvimento econômico são colocadas em curso, e, os efeitos gerados, no âmbito macroeconômico, sobretudo, as ZPEs. Ao aliar a teoria à pratica, este trabalho visa proporcionar à sociedade acadêmica, informações acerca das Zonas de Processamento de Exportação e as perspectivas do RN para o mercado internacional, no aspecto macroeconômico, no qual o país está inserido. Além dos benefícios gerados pelo conhecimento, o aprofundamento do assunto abordado amplia a percepção crítica de alunos e professores, uma vez que possibilita correlacionar situações relevantes do ponto de vista social, político e econômico, mostrando suas interfaces.

Palavras-Chave: Zonas de processamento de exportação, Comércio internacional, Desenvolvimento econômico.
Editorial
Authors: Meireles Elisangela Cabral , Filgueira João Maria 
Published: March 2017

Caro leitor,

Apresentamos a você, a 3ª edição da Revista Observatório - Monografias em Comércio Exterior.

Comércio exterior, enquanto definição constitui-se na relação de um país com o mundo.
Todavia, essa definição, por si somente não explicita a grandeza das relações comerciais, econômicas, organizacionais intrínseca ao processo. Comércio exterior se constitui em elemento fundamental à geração e evolução da riqueza de uma nação, possíveis dado o feedback das relações microeconômicas. Há que se destacar um elemento notório: se não houver crescimento nas relações de comércio exterior, não haverá equilíbrio nas transações externas e assim, consequentemente, se reduz os indicadores do conjunto da riqueza viabilizada por residentes em um país ou união aduaneira, ou seja, resultados adversos ao que se objetiva alcançar!

Essa descrição conceitual abre espaço para entender que o comércio exterior está completamente imbricado às relações mundiais – relações econômicas, políticas, culturais, sociais e seus desdobramentos, relações interligadas à evolução do homem – objeto propulsor de todo esse contexto, na forma de mercado ou governo. Nas relações mundiais, que, em termos de acontecimentos e informações se atualiza a todo instante, observa-se um cenário mundial de reconfiguração e de ajustes, oriundos, especialmente do cenário crítico da economia mundial advinda da Crise Econômica de 2008. Todavia nesse cenário de ajustes e reconfigurações observa-se a posição dos países emergentes, e, neste grupo, o Brasil, em condição de celeridade no tocante à recuperação, com indicadores de crescimento econômico e avanço nas relações comerciais.

Acerca das monografias que integram essa 3ª edição observa-se um escopo de temas que de forma diversa remete à reflexão dessas situações descritas, deslocando-se em torno das questões regionais, a exemplo das pesquisas que abordam a apicultura a agricultura familiar e o segmento da cachaçaria; bem como reflexões em torno de questões amplas, que inserem-se no âmbito global, tais como os crimes cometidos contra o comércio internacional, as questões de desoneração tributária e as certificações ambientais. Outros temas que se encontram à disposição nesta 3ª edição da Revista Eletrônica Observatório Monografias em Comércio Exterior: a logística do Comércio Eletrônico e do Projeto Exporta Fácil, desenvolvido pelos Correios; e, a viabilidade de técnicas de análise multivariada na avaliação das exportações no Rio Grande do Norte.

Boa Leitura!

Elisângela Cabral de Meireles e João Maria Filgueira
Modelling and testing a passive night-sky radiation system
Authors: Joubert G.D. , Dobson R.T. 
Published: March 2017

The as-built and tested passive night-sky radiation cooling/heating system considered in this investigation consists of a radiation panel, a cold water storage tank, a hot water storage tank, a room and the interconnecting pipework. The stored cold water can be used to cool a room during the day, particularly in summer. A theoretical time-dependent thermal performance model was also developed and compared with the experimental results and it is shown that the theoretical simulation model captures the experimental system performance to within a reasonable degree of accuracy. A natural circulation experimental set-up was constructed and subsequently used to show that under local (Stellenbosch, South Africa) conditions the typical heat-removal rate from the water in the tank is 55 W/m2 of radiating panel during the night; during the day the water in the hot water-storage tank was heated from 24 °C to 62 °C at a rate of 96 W/m2. The system was also able to cool the room at a rate of 120 W/m3. The results thus confirmed that it is entirely plausible to design an entirely passive system, that is, without the use of any moving mechanical equipment such as pumps and active controls, for both room-cooling and water-heating. It is thus concluded that a passive night-sky radiation cooling/heating system is a viable energy-saving option and that the theoretical simulation, as presented, can be used with confidence as an energy-saving system design and evaluation tool. Keywords: passive cooling and heating, buoyancy-driven fluid flow, theoretical simulation, experimental verification Highlights:Passively driven renewable energy heating and cooling systems are considered.Time-dependent mathematical simulation model is presented.Experimental buoyancy-driven heating and cooling system built and tested.Experimental results demonstrate the applicability of the theoretical simulation model.Saving and evaluation design tool.
Comparative study on optimal continuous positive airway pressure and predicted continuous positive airway pressure in obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: K. K. Shyamala , Khatri Bidhata , Suresh Ashwin , Rajendran Gokul 
Published: March 2017

Background: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the first line non-invasive and safest treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Optimal CPAP therapy prescribed is obtained by manual titration in lab setting. Due to lack of data in Indian population predicted CPAP pressure proposed by Hoffstein is used using body mass index (BMI), neck circumference (NC) and apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) to correlate with the optimal pressure by automatic CPAP titration.Methods: The study was of retrospective and observational type. It included OSA patients diagnosed by overnight polysomnography (PSG) who had undergone automatic CPAP titration. The correlation of optimal pressure of automatic CPAP and predicted CPAP was studied.Results: A total of 30 patients were included in the study of which 23 were males and 7 were females. It was found that 28 patients had severe OSA and 2 had moderate OSA. AHI significantly improved (P = 0.000) with automatic CPAP titration. The mean CPAP predicted pressure (8.77±2.05) was found lower than the therapeutic optimal pressure (13.03±3.18) prescribed and the value exceeded the range ±2 in 76% of patients.Conclusions: Use of automatic CPAP limits the role for predicted formula for in lab titration/unattended home setting and patients who don’t undergo CPAP titration study, reducing the cost of testing. However, the predicted pressure could be used as a starting pressure for initiation of CPAP titration in lab setting for manual titration.
Significance of serum-pleural effusion albumin gradient in differentiating transudative and exudative pleural effusions in comparison to light’s criteria
Authors: G. Sujatha , P. Vindhya , Kumar K. Kalyan 
Published: March 2017

Background: Approximately one million patients develop pleural effusion every year. It is a common clinical disorder and is either a manifestation or a complication of one or other respiratory or non-respiratory disorders. It leads to serious prognosis, if not diagnosed and treated properly. To calculate SEAG and Light’s criteria and to compare SEAG with Light’s criteria in analyzing pleural effusions.Methods: A total of hundred patients were selected for the study. Pleural fluid of patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were collected, when pleural fluid is being tapped for diagnostic thoracocentesis. Venous blood sample was collected along with diagnostic thoracocentesis or within 24 hours of thoracocentesis. Written informed consent was obtained from them for thoracocentesis.Results: In our study we compared the clinical outcome with outcome as per Pleural fluid/Serum protein ratio (p value of <0.0001), pleural fluid/serum LDH (p value of <0.0001) and pleural fluid LDH (p value of <0.0001) separately and the p values were statistically significant. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of Light’s criteria were 77.2%, 100%, 100%, 93.9% respectively. We compared Light’s criteria outcome with clinical outcome and the difference was statistically significant (p value of <0.0001). SEAG showed 100% sensitivity, 97.43% specificity, 91.6% PPV and is 91.66% and NPV is 100%. We compared the clinical outcome with SEAG and there was statistically significant difference (p value of <0.0001). We compared SEAG with Light’s criteria and the difference was statistically significant (p <0.0001). We compared Light’s plus pleural fluid protein gradient with SEAG and the difference is statistically significant (p value of <0.0001).Conclusions: SEAG is more sensitive for classifying transudates and more specific for exudates than Light’s criteria.
Role of obstetric Doppler in prediction of adverse perinatal outcome in intrauterine growth retardation
Authors: P. Chirtrarasan , S. Kanagarameswarakumaran 
Published: March 2017

Background: Objective of current study was to determine and compare accuracy of various Doppler parameters for perinatal outcome. Umbilical artery (UA), middle cerebral artery (MCA), and ductus venosus (DV) for predicting adverse perinatal outcome in patients of intrauterine growth retardation.Methods: 200 singleton pregnancies between 34 to 36 weeks of gestation complicated by intrauterine growth restriction were prospectively examined with Doppler ultrasound of the umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery and ductus venosus. Patients kept under surveillance till confinement. According to increasing severity of Doppler indices categorized the cases into six grades from grade 0 to grade 5.Results: Out of 200 cases, 169 were live born and 24 were neonatal death. There were 5 cases of intrauterine death of foetuses and 2 were still born. Out of the live born 32 had increased perinatal morbidity like poor APGAR score, development of necrotizing enterocolitis, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, meconium aspiration syndrome, hyperbilirubinemia, and prolonged admission in neonatal care unit for reasons like sepsis / birth asphyxia.Conclusions: Absent end diastolic flow (EDF) / reversal in umbilical artery had high positive predictive value in predicting adverse foetal outcome. Ductus venosus changes seem to be an ominous sign of a severely compromised foetus with poor perinatal outcome. Doppler investigation of the MCA, UA and DV plays an important role in monitoring the compromised foetuses and helps to determine the optimal time of delivery.
Major aetiologies of acute undifferentiated fever in 2013 and 2014: an experience in retrospect
Authors: Arora Balvinder Singh , Matlani Monika , Saigal Karnika , Biswal Indu , Rajan Santhosh , Padmanandan Arun , Singh Saudan 
Published: March 2017

Background: Major aetiologies of acute undifferentiated fever (AUF) show wide variations, especially in developing countries including India. A better understanding of ‘AUF causes’ helps in better management of such cases with attendant reduction in morbidity and mortality. The present analytical study, retrospective in nature, estimates burden of the AUF in the years 2013 and 2014 with some useful information and conclusions.Methods: Important pathogens ‘investigated for’ either as a ‘direct or indirect evidence’ included - Malaria parasite, Dengue virus, Salmonella typhi and paratyphi A and Chikungunya virus. Malaria testing included examination of peripheral blood smear with Giemsa stain and also immuno-chromatographic test to detect lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) for Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax and also HRP2 for detection of Plasmodium falciparum infections. For dengue and chikungunya virus infections - specific IgM antibodies - were detected by ELISA test. Enteric fever was diagnosed by detecting IgM and IgG antibodies using enzyme immunoassay. For Widal test, agglutinating antibodies against the O and H antigens of S. typhi and “H” antigens of ‘S. paratyphi A’ were undertaken. All the test procedures, including sample collections, were performed as per manufacturer’s recommendations, and, as per ‘standard operating procedures (SOPs)’.Results: Of the 10,670 samples received for dengue investigations, 3646 i.e. 34.17% tested seropositive for dengue cases. Percentage seropositivity for chikungunya was 18.6 (8/48). For dengue, 1193 (43.92%) and 488/577 (84.57%) samples were positive in the year 2013 and 2014 respectively in Delhi alone. Annual peak in months of September to November was observed for dengue while a bi-annual pattern was observed for malaria with two peaks occurring in months of May-June and August-September respectively for the year (s) i.e. 2013 and 2014. Enteric fever was present throughout the year with no specific distribution pattern. Majority of patients were from Delhi and adjoining Haryana followed by Western Uttar Pradesh. Co-infection of dengue with enteric fever was observed in only four cases.Conclusions: Dengue, chikungunya, malaria and enteric fever were the most important major causes of AUF in the year 2013 and 2014. Improved interactions with clinician counterparts generating awareness about major aetiologies of AUF would help in timely detection of such illnesses and hence better management reducing morbidity and mortality in the long run.