bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of Life for Historic Cavopulmonary Shunt Survivors
Authors: Steele Margaret M. , Zahr Riad Abou , Kirshbom Paul M. , Kopf Gary S. , Karimi Mohsen 
Published: September 2016

Background: Beginning with Dr William Glenn in 1958, 90 patients with congenital heart lesions underwent cavopulmonary (Glenn) shunts over a 30-year period. In 2015, the follow-up data on this original cohort were reported. The study focuses on the current quality of life of this cohort. Methods: Of the original 91 cavopulmonary shunt survivors, 14 (ages: 26-59; average length of postsurgical follow-up: 38.4 years) completed the Rand 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, volume 2 (SF-36v2) quality-of-life survey at clinical office visits, over the phone or via regular mail. Diagnoses included tricuspid atresia (n = 9), double inlet left ventricle (n = 1), d-transposition of great arteries (n = 1), Ebstein’s anomaly (n = 1), tetralogy of Fallot (n = 1), and pulmonary atresia with hypoplastic right ventricle (n = 1). Norm-based comparison of cavopulmonary shunt survivors to the general population was performed using a one-sample t test. Results: The 36-question health survey, SF-36v2, provided physical and mental health summary measures standardized to achieve a mean of 50. The 14 survivors’ physical composite score was 47.18 (standard deviation [SD]: 8.24; P = .22) and mental composite score was 52.71 (SD: 5.64; P = .095). Conclusion: The cavopulmonary shunt is now a widely used surgical palliation for single-ventricle patients and can be associated with physical and mental health outcomes similar to the general US population. Cavopulmonary shunt survivors’ SF-36v2 survey results do not demonstrate a statistically significant difference from the general US population in physical or mental health measures. The results of this study contribute to the discussion of quality of life for patients with congenital heart disease by following up with the oldest known survivors.
Late Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction Following the Rastelli Operation
Authors: Cleveland David C. , Kirklin James K. , Pavnica Jozef W. , Tresler Margaret A. , Kukreja Manisha , Dabal Robert J. , Bryant Ayesha S. , Isbell Kayla D. , Romp Robb L. 
Published: September 2016

Background: Consensus is lacking regarding the optimal operation for transposition, ventricular septal defect, and pulmonary stenosis. Methods: Between 1968 and 2012, a total of 76 patients underwent the Rastelli procedure, with 52 mid- or long-term survivors. A bracketing analysis was used to estimate the likelihood of late left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO). Results: Early mortality decreased over the period of study, with no hospital mortality since 2000. Among one year survivors, 10- and 20-year survival was 90% and 72%, respectively. Freedom from reoperation for LVOTO was 87% at 20 years, with no increase in risk among patients having the procedure before 5 years of age. Available late echocardiographic or catheterization data indicated mild or no LVOTO at a median of 14.3 years in a subset of 38 patients. Estimated freedom from major LVOTO at 20 years is bracketed between the estimate of 87% freedom from reoperation for LVOTO at 20 years and the 78% freedom from reoperation for LVOTO or cardiac death by 20 years. Conclusion: The Rastelli operation can be performed in the current era with an early mortality that approaches 0% and with 20-year survival that exceeds 70%. The late risk of important LVOTO appears to range from about 13% to 22% at 20 years, with no increase in risk among patients operated upon before the age of 5 years.
The efficacy of bedside chest ultrasound: from accuracy to outcomes
Authors: Hew Mark , Tay Tunn Ren 
Published: September 2016

For many respiratory physicians, point-of-care chest ultrasound is now an integral part of clinical practice. The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound to detect abnormalities of the pleura, the lung parenchyma and the thoracic musculoskeletal system is well described. However, the efficacy of a test extends beyond just diagnostic accuracy. The true value of a test depends on the degree to which diagnostic accuracy efficacy influences decision-making efficacy, and the subsequent extent to which this impacts health outcome efficacy. We therefore reviewed the demonstrable levels of test efficacy for bedside ultrasound of the pleura, lung parenchyma and thoracic musculoskeletal system.For bedside ultrasound of the pleura, there is evidence supporting diagnostic accuracy efficacy, decision-making efficacy and health outcome efficacy, predominantly in guiding pleural interventions. For the lung parenchyma, chest ultrasound has an impact on diagnostic accuracy and decision-making for patients presenting with acute respiratory failure or breathlessness, but there are no data as yet on actual health outcomes. For ultrasound of the thoracic musculoskeletal system, there is robust evidence only for diagnostic accuracy efficacy.We therefore outline avenues to further validate bedside chest ultrasound beyond diagnostic accuracy, with an emphasis on confirming enhanced health outcomes.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells are essential for maintaining feto-maternal immunotolerance via STAT3 signaling in mice
Authors: Pan Ting , Liu Yufeng , Zhong Li Mei , Shi Mao Hua , Duan Xiao Bing , Wu Kang , Yang Qiong , Liu Chao , Wei Jian Yang , Ma Xing Ru , Shi Kun , Zhang Hui , Zhou Jie 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMaternal immune system tolerance to the semiallogeneic fetus is essential for a successful pregnancy; however, the mechanisms underlying this immunotolerance have not been fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that myeloid-derived suppressor cells play an important role in maintaining feto-maternal tolerance. A significant expansion of granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells was observed in multiple immune organs and decidual tissues from pregnant mice. Pregnancy-derived granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells suppressed T cell responses in a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner and required direct cell–cell contact. Mechanistic studies showed that progesterone facilitated differentiation and activation of granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells, mediated through STAT3 signaling. The STAT3 inhibitor JSI-124 and a specific short hairpin RNA completely abrogated the effects of progesterone on granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells. More importantly, granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell depletion dramatically enhanced the abortion rate in normal pregnant mice, whereas adoptive transfer of granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells clearly reduced the abortion rate in the CBA/J X DBA/2J mouse model of spontaneous abortion. These observations collectively demonstrate that granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells play an essential role in the maintenance of fetal immunotolerance in mice. Furthermore, our study supports the notion that in addition to their well-recognized roles under pathologic conditions, myeloid-derived suppressor cells perform important functions under certain physiologic circumstances.
Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents: aetiology, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Vallance Aaron K. , Fernandez Victoria 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThe presentation of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents shares similarities and differences with that in adults, and may vary significantly, depending on the age of the individual. Assessment must differentiate anxiety disorders from developmentally appropriate fears as well as medical conditions and drugs that can mimic anxiety states. Aetiology of anxiety disorders in this group encompasses complex genetic and environmental influences. Additional insight into causation is provided by neuroimaging and research into temperament. Recommended interventions include both cognitive-behavioural therapy and pharmacology. Although childhood anxiety disorders generally remit, there remains an increased risk for anxiety and depressive disorders to emerge in adulthood, most likely through heterotypical continuity.
Acute and transient psychoses: clinical and nosological issues
Authors: Castagnini Augusto , Galeazzi Gian Maria 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThis article examines the clinical, epidemiological and nosological aspects of short-lived psychotic disorders as currently classified under ‘acute and transient psychotic disorders' in ICD-10 and ‘brief psychotic disorder’ in DSM-5. After describing earlier diagnostic concepts such as bouffée délirante, cycloid psychosis, reactive psychosis and schizophreniform psychosis, we present an overview of the literature and discuss implications for classification, diagnosis and treatment of these conditions, pointing out differences from longer-lasting psychotic disorders.
Adverse psychiatric effects of non-psychotropic medications
Authors: Gupta Ankit , Chadda Rakesh K. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryPatients presenting to psychiatrists frequently have comorbid medical conditions for which they are receiving treatment. A range of medications used for treatment of these conditions can have adverse effects resembling psychiatric symptoms. This article presents the results of our review of the literature on psychiatric adverse effects of various non-psychotropic medications, and discusses the mechanisms of such effects, their assessment and management. Among the commonly prescribed drugs found to have psychiatric adverse effects are corticosteroids, anti-Parkinsonian drugs, anti-epileptics, antiretrovirals, antibiotics, anticancer drugs, analgesics, drugs targeting endocrine and cardiovascular disorders, immunosuppressants, skeletal muscle relaxants and bronchodilators. Some adverse effects are predictable and dose dependent, whereas others are rare and idiosyncratic, and psychiatrists need to be aware of them for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Fifteen years on – early intervention for a new generation
Authors: Marwaha Steven , Thompson Andrew , Upthegrove Rachel , Broome Matthew R. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryEarly intervention for psychosis (EIP) is a model of service delivery that aims to support young people with first-episode psychosis by providing the best available treatments, supporting recovery and preventing relapse. In this editorial, we review the evidence for EIP, how the model has developed since its inclusion in the NHS policy implementation guideline for mental health in 2001, challenges and areas of ongoing debate, and future development.
Governing the Metal–Molecule Interface: Towards New Functionality in Single-Molecule Junctions
Authors: Kiguchi Manabu , Fujii Shintaro 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Single-molecule junctions, in which a single molecule bridges a gap between metal electrodes, have attracted significant attention due to their potential applications in ultra-small electronic devices and their unique structure. Single-molecule junctions are one-dimensional nanomaterials having two metal–molecule interfaces. Thus, unconventional properties and functionalities that would not be observed in other phases (e.g., isolated molecules and bulk crystals) are expected to appear in these nanomaterials. Despite interest in these expected unconventional properties, several issues have been noted with the investigation and practical application of the unique properties of single-molecule junctions.
To explore new functionality, we have investigated single-molecule junctions using a combined approach comprising fabrication, characterization, and measurement. First, we have explored a new generation of the metal–molecule interfaces formed by direct π-bonding. The interfaces made by the direct π-bonding have increased electronic conductance at the single-molecule junction, reaching the theoretical limit, 1 G0 (2e2/h), which is the conductance of typical metal monoatomic contacts. Secondly, we have developed new characterization techniques combined with a variety of spectroscopic methods to observe a single molecule confined between metal electrodes. This has allowed us to reveal structural and electronic details of single-molecule junctions, such as the number of molecules, molecular species, interface-structure, electronic structure, and dynamics. Based on the development of the metal–molecule interface structures and the combined spectroscopic characterization techniques, we have searched for new single-molecule junction functionality. By controlling the metal–molecule interface structures, single molecular switching functionality with multiple conductance states and a programmable single-molecule junction with various electronic functionalities have been realized. Our newly developed interface structure, characterization technique, and the functionality of the single-molecule junction opens the door for future research in the field of single-molecule junctions.
The significance of the personality traits of schizophrenic patients and their therapists for the therapeutic relationship
Authors: Bielańska Anna , Cechnicki Andrzej , Hanuszkiewicz Igor 
Published: September 2016

Cel1/Analiza zależności pomiędzy oceną relacji przez terapeutów i pacjentów 2/ Analiza związku pomiędzy cechami osobowości terapeutów a oceną relacji z perspektywy pacjentów i terapeutów 3/Analiza związku pomiędzy cechami osobowości pacjentów a oceną relacji z perspektywy terapeutów i pacjentów 4/ Analiza związku pomiędzy wiekiem i płcią oraz cechami osobowości terapeutów i pacjentów, a oceną relacji z ich perspektywy.MetodaGrupa: Zbadano 34 pacjentów z diagnozą schizofrenii (ICD10) pozostających w długoterminowej terapii podtrzymującej i ich 11 terapeutów. Metoda: Diadyczny Kwestionariusz Relacji Terapeuta – Pacjent i kwestionariusz osobowości NEO-FFI Costy i Mcrea. W ocenie wykorzystano współczynniki korelacji Pearsona, oraz przeprowadzono analizę regresji; zmiennymi zależnymi były czynniki kwestionariusza T-P a predyktorami: wyniki uzyskane w skalach NEO-FFI przez pacjentów i terapeutów, ich płeć i wiek.WynikiPoczucie profesjonalizmu u terapeutów było w istotny sposób powiązane z akceptacją terapeuty przez pacjentów (p. 0,032). Terapeuci o większym nasileniu cech Ekstrawersji i Otwartości częściej akceptowali swoich pacjentów (p.0,006, p.0,041), czuli się bardziej profesjonalni (p=0,000, p=0,023) i rzadziej niepewnie w relacji (p.0,013, p.0,048). Pacjenci o większym nasileniu cech Sumienności rzadziej odrzucali terapeutów (p. 0,004) i rzadziej spostrzegali ich jako niepewnych (p.0,007). Wyższy poziom Neurotyczności pacjentów związany był z większą niepewnością terapeutów w relacji (p=0,039).Wnioski1/ Profesjonalizm terapeutów związany był z większą akceptacją przez pacjentów. 2/ Ekstrawersja i Otwartość terapeuty są związane z jego postawą wobec pacjenta, ale nie pozostają w związku z przeżywaniem relacji przez pacjenta. 3/Sumienność i Neurotyczność pacjenta są związane z jego spostrzeganiem terapeuty w relacji, jak również z przeżywaniem relacji przez terapeutę.
Depression with atypical features in various kinds of affective disorders
Authors: Buzuk Grzegorz , Łojko Dorota , Owecki Maciej , Ruchała Marek , Rybakowski Janusz 
Published: September 2016

CelOcena nasilania objawów atypowych w różnych rodzajach zaburzeń depresyjnych przy zastosowaniu autorskiego kwestionariusza dla objawów depresji atypowej.MetodaDo badań zakwalifikowano 70 pacjentów z rozpoznaniem epizodu depresji w przebiegu zaburzeń depresyjnych nawracających, 54 pacjentów z rozpoznaniem epizodu depresji w przebiegu choroby afektywnej dwubiegunowej (ChAD) oraz 58 pacjentów z rozpoznaniem dystymii. Do oceny stopnia nasilenia poszczególnych objawów atypowych stworzono specjalny kwestionariusz. W każdej grupie diagnostycznej połowa z badanych miała prawidłową masę ciała, a połowa miała nadwagę lub otyłość (BMI>25).WynikiOsoby z różnymi rodzajami depresji nie różniły się statystycznie istotnie między sobą pod względem czynników klinicznych i demograficznych. Bardziej nasilone u kobiet były takie objawy depresji atypowej, jak nadmierne łaknienie, przyrost masy ciała i uczucie paraliżu ołowianego. W grupie depresji w przebiegu ChAD istotnie częściej wystąpiły nadmierna senność (w porównaniu z dystymią) i uczucie paraliżu ołowianego (w porównaniu z depresją okresową i dystymią). U chorych z nadmierną masą ciała nasilenie objawów atypowych korelowało wprost proporcjonalnie ze wskaźnikiem masy ciała i nasileniem depresji mierzonym w skali Hamiltona. W grupie tej wszystkie badane objawy depresji atypowej wystąpiły istotnie częściej u chorych na depresję w przebiegu ChAD.WnioskiUzyskane wyniki wskazują na częstsze występowanie objawów depresji atypowej w ChAD w porównaniu z depresją okresową nawracającą i dystymią. Mogą również wskazywać na istnienie wzajemnej zależności między objawami depresji atypowej, choroby afektywnej dwubiegunowej i otyłości.
The sense of body ownership in schizophrenia: research in the rubber hand illusion paradigm
Authors: Mirucka Beata 
Published: September 2016

CelGłównym celem prezentowanych badań była eksploracja zjawiska podatności na zakłócenia poczucia własności swojego ciała, wywoływanego eksperymentalnie u osób chorych na schizofrenię. Dążono do odpowiedzi na następujące pytania badawcze: 1) Czy RHI w grupie osób ze schizofrenią jest znacząco bardziej intensywna niż w grupie osób bez diagnozy choroby psychicznej? 2) Czy zaburzenia poczucia własności ciała pozostają w istotnym związku z poziomem organizacji osobowości, wyrażonym konstelacją najczęściej uruchamianych mechanizmów obronnych?, oraz 3) Czy zaburzenia poczucia własności ciała wiążą się z najczęstszym uruchamianiem konkretnych mechanizmów obronnych?MetodaW badaniach wzięły udział 64 osoby, w tym 31 osób z diagnozą schizofrenii wg ICD-10 (93,5% typ paranoidalny i 6,5% typ zdezorganizowany) oraz 33 bez diagnozy choroby psychicznej. Badania przeprowadzone zostały w paradygmacie Iluzji Gumowej Ręki (RHI). Wykorzystane zostały następujące narzędzia badawcze: Kwestionariusz RHI Botvinicka i Cohena oraz Kwestionariusz Stylów Obronnych Bonda.WynikiMiędzy grupą kontrolna a grupą osób ze schizofrenią stwierdzono istotne różnice: 1) w intensywności RHI (F(1, 62) = 121,86; p < 0,001), jak również 2) na poziomie mechanizmów neurotycznych (F(1, 62) = 28,21; p < 0,001) i mechanizmów niedojrzałych (F(1, 62) = 36,71; p < 0,001). W grupie osób ze schizofrenią najintensywniej uruchamiane są mechanizmy z grupy niedojrzałych, natomiast w grupie kontrolnej dominującymi w konstelacji mechanizmów obronnych są mechanizmy z grupy dojrzałych i neurotycznych.WnioskiOsoby ze schizofrenią znacznie intensywniej, w porównaniu do osób z grupy kontrolnej, ulegają zakłóceniom poczucia własności ciała. Intensywność RHI ma związek z poziomem organizacji osobowości, oraz z najczęstszym uruchamianiem mechanizmów z grupy niedojrzałych, zwłaszcza fantazji schizoidalnych i projekcji.
Prediction of rebound phenomenon after removal of hemiepiphyseal staples in patients with idiopathic genu valgum deformity
Authors: Park S-S. , Kang S. , Kim J. Y. 
Published: September 2016

Aims Our aim was to investigate the predictive factors for the development of a rebound phenomenon after temporary hemiepiphysiodesis in children with genu valgum. Patients and Methods We studied 37 limbs with idiopathic genu valgum who were treated with hemiepiphyseal stapling, and with more than six months remaining growth at removal of the staples. All children were followed until skeletal maturity or for more than two years after removal of the staples. Results On multivariate logistic regression analysis, the rate of correction, body mass index (BMI), age, and initial valgus angle were significantly associated with a rebound phenomenon. With those characteristics, a predictive model for rebound was generated using recursive partitioning analysis. Children with a rapid rate of correction had the most frequent and severe rebound phenomenon (incidence 79%, mean 4°), whereas those with a slow rate of correction had less rebound when they had low BMI (43%, 2°) and none when the BMI was ≥ 21 kg/m2. Conclusion This is the first study to evaluate a predictive model for a rebound phenomenon after temporary hemiepiphysiodesis in children with idiopathic genu valgum. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1270–5.
CT-based morphological assessment of the hip joint in Japanese patients
Authors: Mineta K. , Goto T. , Wada K. , Tamaki Y. , Hamada D. , Tonogai I. , Higashino K. , Sairyo K. 
Published: September 2016

AimsFemoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has been highlighted and well documented primarily in Western countries and there are few large studies focused on FAI-related morphological assessment in Asian patients. We chose to investigate this subject.Patients and MethodsWe assessed the morphology of the hip and the prevalence of radiographic FAI in Japanese patients by measuring predictors of FAI. We reviewed a total of 1178 hips in 695 men and 483 women with a mean age of 58.2 years (20 to 89) using CT images that had been obtained for reasons unrelated to symptoms from the hip. We measured the lateral centre edge angle, acetabular index, crossover sign, alpha angle and anterior femoral head-neck offset ratio.ResultsA total of 441 hips (37.4%) had pincer-type deformity (41.7% men, 31.3% women) and 534 (45.3%) had cam-type deformity (54.4% men, 32.3% women). Moreover, 773 hips (65.6%) had at least one parameter that predisposes to FAI (74.0% men, 53.6% women) and 424 hips (36.0%) had two or more parameters (43.6% men, 25.0% women).ConclusionThe prevalence of radiographic FAI was common in Japanese patients who are generally considered to have dysplastic hips. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1167–74.
The fate of Baker’s cyst after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Hommel H. , Perka C. , Kopf S. 
Published: September 2016

Aims It is widely held that most Baker’s cysts resolve after treatment of the intra-articular knee pathology. The present study aimed to evaluate the fate of Baker’s cysts and their associated symptoms after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Patients and Methods In this prospective cohort study, 102 patients with (105 were included, however three were lost to follow-up) an MRI-verified Baker’s cyst, primary osteoarthritis and scheduled for TKA were included. Ultrasound was performed to evaluate the existence and the gross size of the cyst before and at one year after TKA. Additionally, associated symptoms of Baker's cyst were recorded pre- and post-operatively. Results After one year, a Baker’s cyst was still present in 87 patients (85%). There was a significant reduction in associated symptoms arising from the Baker’s cyst before (71%) to after surgery (31%). No patients developed a new Baker’s cyst associated symptoms. However, of the 72 patients who had reported Baker’s cyst associated symptoms pre-operatively, 32 patients (44%) still complained of such symptoms one year after surgery. Conclusion Baker’s cysts had resolved in only a small number of patients (15%) one year after TKA and symptoms from the cysts persisted in 31%. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1185–8.