bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sea Clam-Derived Feeding Stimulants Enhance Acceptability and Intake of Reduced Fish Meal, Soy-Based Sunshine Bass Feeds
Authors: Barry Kelli J , McClure Rebecca L , Trushenski Jesse T 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Fish meal sparing or replacement is limited by reduced diet acceptability and feed intake, particularly among carnivorous finfish. Two 8-week feeding trials were conducted to assess whether the inclusion of sea clam (ocean quahog Arctica islandica) processing by-products could improve the intake of reduced fish meal feeds in sunshine bass (female White Bass Morone chrysops × male Striped Bass M. saxatilis). In trial 1, juvenile fish (31.9 ± 0.2 g, average initial weight) were cultured at 18.5 ± 2.4°C and fed diets containing 30% fish meal (hereafter, “FISH”), 6.7% fish meal (remainder of dietary protein primarily provided by soybean meal; hereafter, “SOY”), or the reduced fish meal formulation amended with 1% dried clam juice (hereafter, “SOY + clam juice”), dried clam fines (hereafter, “SOY + clam fines”), or betaine as feeding stimulants. In trial 2, fish were slightly smaller at the outset (18.4 ± 0.3 g) and cultured at 27.3 ± 0.2°C. Growth performance was generally superior among fish reared in trial 2, but both trials yielded similar results in terms of dietary treatments. Feed intake and growth were reduced among fish fed the SOY feed compared with those fed the FISH feed. The addition of betaine to the reduced fish meal formulation did not improve diet acceptance or intake. However, the inclusion of clam by-products improved feed intake and growth, with both the SOY + clam juice and SOY + clam fines feeds yielding growth equivalent to the FISH feed. Semiquantitative evaluations of feeding behavior suggest that dietary treatment effects were rooted in differences in feed acceptability and that the inclusion of clam by-products had a corrective effect on the comparatively indifferent feeding observed among fish fed the SOY diet. The inclusion of sea clam by-products, particularly dried clam fines, improved the intake of the reduced fish meal formulation, and these by-products appear to be effective feeding stimulants in soy-based feeds for juvenile sunshine bass grown in tanks.
The Efficacy of MS-222 as Anesthetic Agent in Largemouth Bronze Gudgeon Coreius guichenoti
Authors: Dong Chun , Pan Lei , He Da , Xie Jian-jun , Tang Hui-yuan , Yang Zhi , Wang Xiao-ming , Yang Shao-rong 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The Largemouth Bronze Gudgeon Coreius guichenoti is a vulnerable and valuable fish in the upper Yangtze River of China. It is essential to keep it calm by using anesthetic in routine operations such as weight measurement, tag injection, and artificial spawning. This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of different concentrations of MS-222 (tricaine methanesulfonate) as an anesthetic agent in C. guichenoti. The results showed that anesthesia time decreased significantly (P &lt; 0.001) with increasing anesthetic concentrations. However, anesthetic concentrations had no significant effect on recovery time. In addition, anesthesia time had an obvious positive correlation with body weight. Overall, MS-222 was an effective anesthetic agent for C. guichenoti. Moreover, the optimal concentrations of MS-222 in C. guichenoti (average body weight =135.29 ± 2.23 g) were 100, 120, 160, and 180 mg/L.
Annual Spawning Migrations of Adult Atlantic Sturgeon in the Altamaha River, Georgia
Authors: Ingram Evan Corey , Peterson Douglas L. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The Atlantic Sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus has declined throughout its range, and the species is now protected under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Information on the timing and extent of spawning migrations is essential for the development and implementation of effective management and recovery strategies, yet this information is lacking for most populations. The objectives of this study were to document and identify temporal and spatial patterns in the seasonal movements and spawning migrations of Atlantic Sturgeon in the South Atlantic distinct population segment. A stationary array of acoustic receivers was used to monitor the movements of 45 adults in the Altamaha River system, Georgia, from April 2011 through March 2014. Telemetry data revealed that putative adult spawners exhibited two distinct patterns of upriver migration: a spring two-step migration and a fall one-step migration. During the spring two-step migration, the adults appeared to stage in the upper Altamaha during the spring and early summer, before migrating to suspected spawning habitats in the Ocmulgee and Oconee tributaries during the fall. During the fall one-step migration, fish entered the system in late summer and migrated directly upriver to suspected spawning habitats in the Ocmulgee and Oconee tributaries. Regardless of which pattern was used during the upstream migration, all fish returned downstream and left the system by early January. Although direct evidence of spawning has not yet been obtained, the telemetry and environmental data provide strong circumstantial evidence that Atlantic Sturgeon spawning in the Altamaha population occurs only during the fall months when water temperatures are less than 25°C. These findings further illustrate the clinal variation in the life history of Atlantic Sturgeon and highlight the need to manage the species as distinct population segments with regionally specific recovery goals.
Received March 23, 2016; accepted September 25, 2016
Models of work-based learning, examples and reflections
Authors: Major David 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify a number of different models of work-based learning (WBL) in operation at the University of Chester and provides two examples of university-employer partnership where WBL is used as the principal means for bringing about change in the workplace.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is based on the experience of one UK University with significant WBL provision and outlines the evolutionary development of a number of different models of WBL designed to meet the specific needs of employers and individual students.

Findings
The paper reflects on the distinctive contribution of WBL in higher education to bring about change to the culture and working practices of two public organisations, thereby improving performance and developing new ways of working.

Practical implications
It will also consider the impact of WBL on learners often giving them a greater sense of their own identity and professionalism and point to the way in which WBL challenges the university as much as it challenges employer partners.

Social implications
Widening access to higher education and increasing participation in HE.

Originality/value
The identification and description of a number of different models of WBL in operation in the HE sector.
Local temperature and El Niño Southern Oscillation influence migration phenology of East Asian migratory waterbirds wintering in Poyang, China
Authors: XU Fei , LIU Guanhua , SI Yali 
Published: December 2016

AbstractTemperature is a critical factor influencing avian phenology, due to its direct impact on food and water availability. Most previous studies have focused on the timing of spring migration and the arrival of birds at breeding grounds along the European and American flyways; little is known about migration ecology at the wintering sites along the Asian flyways. Using linear regression models, this study investigates how local temperature variation and EI Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influences the arrival and departure timing of 9 waterbird species breeding in Mongolia or Siberia and overwintering in Poyang, China from 2002 to 2013. Birds mainly arrive at Poyang in October and depart for their breeding sites in March. Out of the 9 species, 6 show a strong negative relationship between departure time and overwintering temperature in Poyang. Departure dates also show a negative association with overwintering ENSO and March ENSO for two species. Both local and large‐scale climate indices show no influence on the arrival timing of waterbirds. We suggest that birds react to the annual variation of overwintering temperature: an earlier departure of waterbirds is facilitated by a warmer overwintering period and vice versa. The long‐term accumulated temperature effect is more pronounced than ENSO and the short‐term local temperature effect. Our findings could help quantify the potential impact of global warming on waterbirds.
Analysing movement behaviour and dynamic space‐use strategies among habitats using multi‐event capture‐recapture modelling
Authors: Cayuela Hugo , Pradel Roger , Joly Pierre , Besnard Aurélien 
Published: December 2016

Summary

The environment of most species is heterogeneous at different spatial and temporal scales; this heterogeneity can have a direct effect on various components of fitness. As a consequence, individual space‐use and movement strategies are central issues in ecology and conservation and receive considerable attention from researchers.

In the last 30 years, this issue has led to the development of capture–recapture models that allow movement between sites to be quantified, while handling imperfect detection. For studies involving numerous recapture sites in which the emphasis is on dispersal or migration rather than movement between particular sites, Lagrange et al. recently proposed a parsimonious CR multi‐event model that contrasts individuals that move and individuals that stay in place, irrespective of the sites involved.

In this study, we developed a generalized version of this model to allow survival probability and movement probability to differ for different types of habitat to which the individual sites may be assigned. We investigated the potential of this new parameterization by studying the movements of an amphibian, the yellow‐bellied toad (Bombina variegata), in a set of breeding and resting/foraging ponds.

Our capture–recapture multi‐event model provides a highly flexible tool allowing users to model movements within and between several habitats. This approach can be potentially used to study movement behaviour and space‐use strategies of a wide range of taxa.
Allergic sensitization at school age is a systemic low‐grade inflammatory disorder
Authors: Chawes B. L. , Stokholm J. , Schoos A.‐M. M. , Fink N. R. , Brix S. , Bisgaard H. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundSystemic low‐grade inflammation has been demonstrated in a range of the frequent noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) proposing a shared mechanism, but is largely unexplored in relation to allergic sensitization. We therefore aimed to investigate the possible association with childhood allergic sensitization.MethodsHigh‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), IL‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 8 (CXCL8) were measured in plasma at age 6 months (N = 214) and 7 years (N = 277) in children from the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood2000 (COPSAC2000) birth cohort. Allergic sensitization against common inhalant and food allergens was determined longitudinally at ages ½, 1½, 4 and 6 years by specific IgE assessments and skin prick tests. Associations between inflammatory biomarkers and sensitization phenotypes were tested with logistic regression and principal component analyses (PCAs).ResultsAdjusted for gender, recent infections, and a CRP genetic risk score, hs‐CRP at 7 years was associated with concurrent elevated specific IgE against any allergen [adjusted OR (aOR) = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.14–1.72; P = 0.001], aeroallergens (aOR, 1.43; 1.15–1.77; P = 0.001), food allergens (aOR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.02–1.67; P = 0.04), sensitization without any clinical allergy symptoms (aOR = 1.40; 1.06–1.85; P = 0.02), and with similar findings for skin prick tests. The other inflammatory markers were not univariately associated with sensitization, but multiparametric PCA suggested a specific inflammatory response among sensitized children. Inflammatory markers at age 6 months were not associated with subsequent development of sensitization phenotypes.ConclusionsElevated hs‐CRP is associated with allergic sensitization in school‐aged children suggesting systemic low‐grade inflammation as a phenotypic characteristic of this early‐onset NCD.
Lithium Toxicity in a Pregnant Woman
Authors: Zamani Nasim , Paeezi Maryam , Hassanian‐Moghaddam Hossein 
Published: December 2016

AbstractLithium is recommended in bipolar disorder and can be accompanied by significant toxicity in pregnant women. A 25‐year‐old single‐gestation pregnant woman (28 weeks) was referred with suspicion of lithium toxicity. Serum lithium was 2.1 meq/L. Despite conservative therapy with intravenous fluids, lithium concentration increased to 5.0 meq/L 6 hr after admission mandating an emergent haemodialysis during which foetal heart rate decreased to 90 bpm. The gynaecologist ordered termination of pregnancy while the mother was still on haemodialysis. Caesarean section was carried out, but the born baby had an apgar of 2 and died. Autopsy findings of the foetus revealed a cord blood lithium concentration of 4.8 mEq/L with no physical abnormalities. Although the foetus had the signs/symptoms of distress, continuation of haemodialysis could probably have saved it as it saved its mother's life. In lithium toxicity in a pregnant woman, it is reasonable to continue haemodialysis even with the signs and symptoms of foetal distress. In similar situations, emergency haemodialysis instead of immediate caesarean section should be considered.
Navigating an unfamiliar world: how parents of young people who self‐harm experience support and treatment
Authors: Stewart Anne , Hughes Nicholas D. , Simkin Sue , Locock Louise , Ferrey Anne , Kapur Navneet , Gunnell David , Hawton Keith 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundSelf‐harm in young people is a common reason for contact with clinical services. However, there is little research focusing on parents’ perspectives of care following self‐harm. The aim of this study was to explore parents’ experiences of treatment and support for the young person and for themselves.MethodsA qualitative design was used to explore parents’ perspectives. Semi‐structured narrative interviews were conducted across the UK with 37 parents of young people who had self‐harmed. Thematic analysis was undertaken to identify themes relating to how parents experienced the help and treatment received.ResultsParents reported differing reactions to contact with helping services. Many found these helpful, particularly in keeping the young person safe, developing a trusting relationship with the young person, encouraging skills in managing self‐harm and giving them an opportunity to talk about and find solutions to their difficulties. They spoke about the importance of practical help including prompt access to care, the right intensity of care, practical strategies and information and support. Some aspects of services were perceived as unhelpful, particularly a judgmental approach by professionals, lack of early access to treatment, inadequate support or failure to listen to the perspective of parents.ConclusionsParents’ views highlight the need for clinicians to consider carefully the perspective of parents, involving them wherever possible and providing practical help and support, including written information. The need for training of clinicians in communicating with young people and parents following self‐harm is also highlighted.
Associations between mothers' active engagement with infants at 6 months and children's adjustment to school life at ages 5.5 and 11 years
Authors: Kato T. , Fujiwara T. , Kawachi I. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundIn Japan, students' poor adjustment to school life such as school refusals has been recognized as a nation‐wide problem. In this study, we examined the link between the absence of mothers' active engagement with their infants at 6 months and children's risks of poor adjustment toward elementary school life at the ages of 5.5 and 11.MethodsWe used a Japanese national longitudinal survey (n = 43 132) with 11 years of follow‐up. Because of social patterning in how mothers engage with their infants, we employed propensity score matching analyses to control for confounding by socio‐economic and other factors. We matched mothers with active engagement and those without on various social and parental characteristics such as educational attainment and household income.Results and ConclusionsAmong matched pairs, we observed higher risks of poor adjustment to school life at both 5.5 and 11 years among Japanese children who lacked mothers' active engagement at 6 months. For example, the relative risk was 1.46 [95% confidence interval: 1.10, 1.94] for inability to get along with others in a group setting at the age of 5.5 years and 1.29 [1.10, 1.51] for inability to get along with teachers at the age of 11 years. Our findings corroborate previous findings, which emphasize the importance of providing an enriched environment for infants' social development and may indicate the need for an intervention for caregivers who lack appropriate nurturing skills.
Immigrant Chinese Mothers’ Socialization of Achievement in Children: A Strategic Adaptation to the Host Society
Authors: Ng Florrie Fei‐Yin , Sze Irene Nga‐Lam , Tamis‐LeMonda Catherine S. , Ruble Diane N. 
Published: December 2016

Academic socialization by low‐income immigrant mothers from Mainland China was investigated in two studies. Immigrant Chinese mothers of first graders (n = 52; Mage = 38.69) in the United States (Study 1) and kindergartners (n = 86; Mage = 36.81) in Hong Kong (Study 2) tell stories that emphasized achieving the best grade through effort more than did African American (n = 39; Mage = 31.44) and native Hong Kong (n = 76; Mage = 36.64) mothers, respectively. The emphasis on achievement was associated with mothers' heightened discussion on discrimination (Study 1) and beliefs that education promotes upward mobility (Study 2), as well as children's expectations that a story protagonist would receive maternal criticism for being nonpersistent in learning (Study 2).
Hypertensive eye disease: a review
Authors: Fraser‐Bell Samantha , Symes Richard , Vaze Anagha 
Published: December 2016

AbstractHypertension is a risk factor for a number of vision‐threatening eye conditions including retinal vascular occlusion, retinal macroaneurysm and non arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy. In addition, hypertension may exacerbate the vision‐threatening effects of diabetic retinopathy and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of age‐related macular degeneration. The effects of sustained hypertension are directly visible in the eye as hypertensive retinopathy and choroidopathy, reflecting a pathological process occurring throughout the body. Close collaboration between ophthalmologists and general practitioners/physicians is needed to ensure that hypertensive patients are identified and treated. Timely intervention in these patients may reduce the risk of both vision‐threatening and systemic complications.
A multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial using a new resorbable non‐cross‐linked collagen membrane for guided bone regeneration at dehisced single implant sites: interim results of a bone augmentation procedure
Authors: Wessing Bastian , Urban Istvan , Montero Eduardo , Zechner Werner , Hof Markus , Alández Chamorro Javier , Alández Martin Nuria , Polizzi Giovanni , Meloni Silvio , Sanz Mariano 
Published: December 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo compare clinical performance of a new resorbable non‐cross‐linked collagen membrane, creos xenoprotect (CXP), with a reference membrane (BG) for guided bone regeneration at dehisced implant sites.Materials and methodsThis randomized controlled clinical trial enrolled patients with expected dehiscence defects following implant placement to restore single teeth in the maxillary and mandibular esthetic zone and premolar area. Implants were placed using a two‐stage surgical protocol with delayed loading. Bone augmentation material placed at the implant surface was immobilized with CXP or BG membrane. Soft tissue health was followed during the healing period, and the defect size was measured at reentry and 6 months after implant placement.ResultsOf the 49 included patients, 24 were treated with CXP and 25 with BG. Patient characteristics did not differ between the two arms. In the CXP arm, the defect height at implant insertion was (mean ± SD) 5.1 ± 2.1 mm (n = 24) and reduced at reentry by 81% to 1.0 ± 1.3 mm (n = 23). In the BG arm, the defect height at implant insertion was 4.9 ± 1.9 mm (n = 25) and reduced at reentry by 62% to 1.7 ± 2.1 mm (n = 24). Assuming a margin of non‐inferiority of 1 mm, CXP was non‐inferior to BG. Membrane exposure rate was highest at week 3 in both arms, reaching 16.7% for BG and 8.7% for CXP.ConclusionsThe new resorbable non‐cross‐linked collagen membrane facilitates bone gain to support implant placement in expected dehiscence defects. The observed trend toward higher mean bone gain and lower exposure rate with CXP compared to BG should be further investigated.
Prognostic impact of postoperative low platelet count after liver transplantation
Authors: Takahashi Kazuhiro , Nagai Shunji , Putchakayala Krishna G. , Safwan Mohamed , Li Amy Y. , Kane William J. , Singh Priyanka L. , Collins Kelly M. , Rizzari Michael D. , Yoshida Atsushi , Schnickel Gabriel T. , Abouljoud Marwan S. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe positive impact of platelets has been recently implicated in liver transplantation (LT). The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for graft loss and mortality after LT, focusing on perioperative platelet counts.MethodsWe reviewed all deceased donor LT from 2000 to 2012 and enrolled 975 consecutive recipients. The risk factors for graft loss and mortality were analyzed by multivariate analysis, using Cox's regression model.ResultsUsing cutoff values acquired by receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, multivariate analyses determined that viral hepatitis C (hazard ratio [HR]=1.32), donor age >40 (HR=1.33), higher peak serum alanine aminotransferase (HR=1.01), reoperation within 30 days (HR=1.51), and platelet count <72 500/μL on postoperative day (POD) 5 (HR=1.30) were independent risk factors for graft loss. Viral hepatitis C (HR=1.33), reoperation within 30 days (HR=1.35), and platelet count <72 500/μL on POD 5 (HR=1.38) were independent risk factors for mortality.ConclusionA low platelet count on POD 5 was associated with graft loss and mortality after LT. Platelet count <72 500/μL on POD 5 can be a predictor of poor graft and overall survival. Maintaining higher postoperative platelet counts could potentially improve graft and overall survival rates.