bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
V L Ginzburg’s helical elliptically polarized modes and their application
Authors: Malykin G B 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In 1943, V L Ginzburg derived a simple and elegant solution to the polarization optics problem when a linear birefringent medium is uniformly twisted along the optical axis. In a torsion-comoving coordinate frame, mutually orthogonal polarization eigenmodes, i.e., helical modes, of such an optical medium are characterized by two ellipses with the electric field vector of light bypassed in the opposite sense. Current applications of V L Ginzburg’s theory are reviewed.
Predictors of Residual Renal Function Decline in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: The balANZ Trial
Authors: Htay Htay , Cho Yeoungjee , Pascoe Elaine M. , Darssan Darsy , Hawley Carmel , Johnson David W. 
Published: December 2016

Objective Preservation of residual renal function (RRF) is associated with improved survival. The aim of the present study was to identify independent predictors of RRF and urine volume (UV) in incident peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods The study included incident PD patients who were balANZ trial participants. The primary and secondary outcomes were RRF and UV, respectively. Both outcomes were analyzed using mixed effects linear regression with demographic data in the first model and PD-related parameters included in a second model. Results The study included 161 patients (mean age 57.9 ± 14.1 years, 44% female, 33% diabetic, mean follow-up 19.5 ± 6.6 months). Residual renal function declined from 7.5 ± 2.9 mL/min/1.73 m2 at baseline to 3.3 ± 2.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 at 24 months. Better preservation of RRF was independently predicted by male gender, higher baseline RRF, higher time-varying systolic blood pressure (SBP), biocompatible (neutral pH, low glucose degradation product) PD solution, lower peritoneal ultrafiltration (UF) and lower dialysate glucose exposure. In particular, biocompatible solution resulted in 27% better RRF preservation. Each 1 L/day increase in UF was associated with 8% worse RRF preservation ( p = 0.007) and each 10 g/day increase in dialysate glucose exposure was associated with 4% worse RRF preservation ( p < 0.001). Residual renal function was not independently predicted by body mass index, diabetes mellitus, renin angiotensin system inhibitors, peritoneal solute transport rate, or PD modality. Similar results were observed for UV. Conclusions Common modifiable risk factors which were consistently associated with preserved RRF and residual UV were use of biocompatible PD solutions and achievement of higher SBP, lower peritoneal UF, and lower dialysate glucose exposure over time.
KEPLER-21b: A ROCKY PLANET AROUND A V = 8.25 mag STAR*
Authors: López-Morales Mercedes , Haywood Raphaëlle D. , Coughlin Jeffrey L. , Zeng Li , Buchhave Lars A. , Giles Helen A. C. , Affer Laura , Bonomo Aldo S. , Charbonneau David , Cameron Andrew Collier , Consentino Rosario , Dressing Courtney D. , Dumusque Xavier , Figueira Pedro , Fiorenzano Aldo F. M. , Harutyunyan Avet , Johnson John Asher , Latham David W. , Lopez Eric D. , Lovis Christophe , Malavolta Luca , Mayor Michel , Micela Giusi , Molinari Emilio , Mortier Annelies , Motalebi Fatemeh , Nascimbeni Valerio , Pepe Francesco , Phillips David F. , Piotto Giampaolo , Pollacco Don , Queloz Didier , Rice Ken , Sasselov Dimitar , Segransan Damien , Sozzetti Alessandro , Udry Stephane , Vanderburg Andrew , Watson Chris 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
HD 179070, aka Kepler-21, is a V = 8.25 F6IV star and the brightest exoplanet host discovered by Kepler. An early detailed analysis by Howell et al. of the first 13 months (Q0–Q5) of Kepler light curves revealed transits of a planetary companion, Kepler-21b, with a radius of about 1.60 ± 0.04

and an orbital period of about 2.7857 days. However, they could not determine the mass of the planet from the initial radial velocity (RV) observations with Keck-HIRES, and were only able to impose a 2σ upper limit of 10

. Here, we present results from the analysis of 82 new RV observations of this system obtained with HARPS-N, together with the existing 14 HIRES data points. We detect the Doppler signal of Kepler-21b with a RV semiamplitude K = 2.00 ± 0.65

, which corresponds to a planetary mass of 5.1 ± 1.7

. We also measure an improved radius for the planet of 1.639 +0.019/−0.015

, in agreement with the radius reported by Howell et al. We conclude that Kepler-21b, with a density of 6.4 ± 2.1

, belongs to the population of small, ≲6

planets with iron and magnesium silicate interiors, which have lost the majority of their envelope volatiles via stellar winds or gravitational escape. The RV analysis presented in this paper serves as an example of the type of analysis that will be necessary to confirm the masses of TESS small planet candidates.
FORMATION OF H i CLOUDS IN SHOCK-COMPRESSED INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM: PHYSICAL ORIGIN OF ANGULAR CORRELATION BETWEEN FILAMENTARY STRUCTURE AND MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: Inoue Tsuyoshi , Inutsuka Shu-ichiro 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Recent observations of the neutral Galactic interstellar medium showed that filamentary structures of H i clouds are aligned with the interstellar magnetic field. Many interesting applications are proposed based on the alignment, such as measurement of magnetic field strength through the Chandrasekhar–Fermi method and removal of foreground dust emissions for the detection of inflationary polarized emission in the cosmic microwave background radiation. However, the physical origin of the alignment remains to be explained. To understand the mechanism, we examine the formation of H i clouds triggered by shock compression of the diffuse warm neutral medium using three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations. We show that the shock-compressed medium of density

cm−3 evolves into H i clouds with

cm−3 via thermal instability consistent with previous studies. We apply a machine vision transformation developed by Clark et al. to the simulated column density structures to measure angle correlation between filamentary structures of H i clouds and magnetic field. We find that the orientation of H i filaments depends on the environmental turbulent velocity field, particularly on the strength of shear strain in the direction of the magnetic field, which is controlled by the angle between the shock propagation direction and upstream magnetic field. When the strain along the magnetic field is weak, filamentary components of H i clouds lie perpendicular to the magnetic field. However, the filaments have come to align with the magnetic field, if we enhance the turbulent strain along the magnetic field or if we set turbulence in the preshock medium.
ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF UC H ii REGIONS AND CLASS II METHANOL MASERS. I. SOURCE CATALOGS
Authors: Hu B. , Menten K. M. , Wu Y. , Bartkiewicz A. , Rygl K. , Reid M. J. , Urquhart J. S. , Zheng X. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We conducted Very Large Array C-configuration observations to measure positions and luminosities of Galactic Class II 6.7 GHz methanol masers and their associated ultra-compact H ii regions. The spectral resolution was 3.90625 kHz and the continuum sensitivity reached 45 μJy beam−1. We mapped 372 methanol masers with peak flux densities of more than 2 Jy selected from the literature. Absolute positions have nominal uncertainties of 0.″3. In this first paper on the data analysis, we present three catalogs; the first gives information on the strongest feature of 367 methanol maser sources, and the second provides information on all detected maser spots. The third catalog presents derived data of the 127 radio continuum counterparts associated with maser sources. Our detection rate of radio continuum counterparts toward methanol masers is approximately one-third. Our catalogs list properties including distance, flux density, luminosity, and the distribution in the Galactic plane. We found no significant relationship between luminosities of masers and their associated radio continuum counterparts, however, the detection rate of radio continuum emission toward maser sources increases statistically with the maser luminosities.
Stand Up and Be Counted: Measuring and Mapping the Rheumatology Workforce in Canada
Authors: Barber Claire E.H. , Jewett Lauren , Badley Elizabeth M. , Lacaille Diane , Cividino Alfred , Ahluwalia Vandana , Averns Henry , Baillie Cory , Ellsworth Janet , Pope Janet , Levy Deborah , Charnock Christine , McGowan Claire , Thorne J. Carter , Barnabe Cheryl , Zummer Michel , Lundon Katie , McDougall Robert S. , Thomson John G. , Yacyshyn Elaine A. , Mosher Dianne , Brophy Julie , Ruban Thanu Nadarajah , Marshall Deborah A. 
Published: December 2016

Objective.To characterize the practicing rheumatologist workforce, the Canadian Rheumatology Association (CRA) launched the Stand Up and Be Counted workforce survey in 2015.Methods.The survey was distributed electronically to 695 individuals, of whom 519 were expected to be practicing rheumatologists. Demographic and practice information were elicited. We estimated the number of full-time equivalent rheumatologists per 75,000 population from the median proportion of time devoted to clinical practice multiplied by provincial rheumatologist numbers from the Canadian Medical Association.Results.The response rate was 68% (355/519) of expected practicing rheumatologists (304 were in adult practice, and 51 pediatric). The median age was 50 years, and one-third planned to retire within the next 5–10 years. The majority (81%) were university-affiliated. Rheumatologists spent a median of 70% of their time in clinical practice, holding 6 half-day clinics weekly, with 10 new consultations and 45 followups seen per week. Work characteristics varied by type of rheumatologist (adult or pediatric) and by practice setting (community- or university-based). We estimated between 0 and 0.8 full-time rheumatologists per 75,000 population in each province. This represents a deficit of 1 to 77 full-time rheumatologists per province/territory to meet the CRA recommendation of 1 rheumatologist per 75,000 population, depending on the province/territory.Conclusion.Our results highlight a current shortage of rheumatologists in Canada that may worsen in the next 10 years because one-third of the workforce plans to retire. Efforts to encourage trainees to enter rheumatology and strategies to support retention are critical to address the shortage.
The 12-item Psoriatic Arthritis Impact of Disease Questionnaire: Construct Validity, Reliability, and Interpretability in a Clinical Setting
Authors: Di Carlo Marco , Becciolini Andrea , Lato Valentina , Crotti Chiara , Favalli Ennio Giulio , Salaffi Fausto 
Published: December 2016

Objective.To study, in a real-life setting, the construct validity, the reliability, and the interpretability of the 12-item Psoriatic Arthritis Impact of Disease (PsAID-12) questionnaire in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA).Methods.In 144 consecutive patients with PsA (81 men and 63 women, mean age of 51.4 ± 12.8 yrs, and 77 receiving biologic treatment), the PsAID-12 and other patient-reported outcomes (PRO) were collected, such as the Dermatology Life Quality Index. Each patient underwent articular and skin assessment.Results.Construct validity: Factor analysis revealed a 2-factor result defined as the PsAID Symptom Score and the PsAID Skin Score. In determining convergent validity, significant correlations were found between the PsAID-12 and the clinical Disease Activity index for Psoriatic Arthritis (cDAPSA; ρ = 0.867, p < 0.0001). Multivariable analysis showed that the PsAID-12 is determined by the articular disease activity (cDAPSA, p < 0.0001), severity of psoriasis (PsO; physician’s global assessment, p < 0.0001), and the presence of a coexisting fibromyalgia (FM; p < 0.0001). Reliability: Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.93 for the total PsAID-12. Interpretability: Applying the cDAPSA categorization of disease activity states, the PsAID-12 cutoff values resulted in 1.4 between remission and low disease activity (LDA), 4.1 between LDA and moderate disease activity (MDA), and 6.7 between MDA and high disease activity.Conclusion.The PsAID-12 is an excellent PRO to evaluate the effect of PsA. It should be carefully handled in patients with coexisting FM.
Gestion des risques : pourquoi s’en préoccuper ?
Authors: Saint-Laurent Pierre 
Published: December 2016

La gestion des risques est capitale dans toute décision d’affaires. Aucun entrepreneur ou dirigeant ne décide d’ouvrir de nouveaux marchés, d’embaucher des employés ou de lancer un nouveau produit sans « calculer » les risques. Comment la concurrence réagira-t-elle ? Ce produit atteindra-t-il les cibles de ventes prévues ? Pourquoi alors créer une discipline de la gestion des risques ? Peut-être, justement, parce que les décideurs n’en tiennent pas toujours suffisamment compte…
Apprendre… à apprendre autrement
Authors: Jézéquel Myriam 
Published: December 2016

Devant une situation inédite, nous avons souvent le réflexe de nous appuyer sur une théorie éprouvée. Et si on jetait plutôt un regard neuf sur les situations problématiques ? La clé : apprendre à désapprendre. Pas qu’un simple mot mais bien une nouvelle attitude mentale.
La transposition spéculative des attributs divins et la « véritable théodicée » de Hegel
Authors: Picardi Roberta 
Published: December 2016

L’article examine la façon dont Hegel traite la représentation des attributs divins, avec référence particulière à deux questions traditionnelles : la question de leur compatibilité réciproque et le problème de l’univocité ou équivocité entre les prédicats humains et divins. Les hypothèses défendues sont les suivantes : la prétention de connaître Dieu en lui attribuant plusieurs prédicats constitue selon Hegel l’erreur fondamentale de la théologie rationnelle ; néanmoins, Hegel ne considère pas tous les attributs divins comme représentations dépourvues de noyau spéculatif et donc simplement destinées à disparaître, avec le passage du niveau de la Représentation au niveau du Concept ; il affirme plutôt la correspondance des prédicats de toute-puissance, bonté, justice et sagesse, avec les déterminations du Concept ; la transposition spéculative de ces attributs divins est une partie intégrante de la « véritable théodicée » de Hegel, car elle représente une réplique – alternative à celle de Leibniz – par rapport à l’anti-théodicée de Pierre Bayle, centrée sur l’affirmation d’une contradiction insoluble entre la bonté, la toute-puissance et la justice divines ; enfin, l’éclaircissement du lien dialectique que Hegel établit entre justice et sagesse divines – à travers leur transposition spéculative – permet de mieux saisir la façon dont il conçoit le rapport entre justice humaine et justice divine, qui est ici examinée à travers une analyse de l’interprétation hégélienne du livre de Job.
Nucleosome dynamics: HMGB1 facilitates nucleosome restructuring and collaborates in estrogen-responsive gene expression
Authors: Scovell William M. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe genome in the human cell is extraordinarily compacted in the nucleus. As a result, much of the DNA is inaccessible and functionally inert. Notwithstanding the highly efficient packaging, mechanisms have evolved to render DNA sites accessible that then enable a multitude of factors to carry out ongoing and vital functions. The compaction is derived from DNA complexation within nucleosomes, which can further consolidate into a higher-order chromatin structure. The nucleosome and nucleosomal DNA are not static in nature, but are dynamic, undergoing structural and functional changes as the cell responds to stresses and/or metabolic or environmental cues. We are only beginning to understand the forces and the complexes that engage the nucleosome to unearth the tightly bound and inaccessible DNA sequences and provide an opening to more accessible target sites. In many cases, current findings support a major role for the action of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes (CRCs) in providing an avenue to factor accessibility that leads to the activation of transcription. The estrogen receptor α (ERα) does not bind to the estrogen response element (ERE) in the canonical nucleosome. However, evidence will be presented that HMGB1 restructures the nucleosome in an ATP-independent manner and also facilitates access and strong binding of ERα to ERE. The features that appear important in the mechanism of action for HMGB1 will be highlighted, in addition to the characteristic features of the restructured nucleosome. These findings, together with previous evidence, suggest a collaborative role for HMGB1 in the step-wise transcription of estrogen-responsive genes. In addition, alternate mechanistic pathways will be discussed, with consideration that “HMGB1 restructuring” of the nucleosome may generally be viewed as a perturbation of the equilibrium of an ensemble of nearly isoenergetic nucleosome states in an energy landscape that is driven by conformational selection by HMGB1.
Impairment of CCR6+ and CXCR3+ Th Cell Migration in HIV-1 Infection Is Rescued by Modulating Actin Polymerization
Authors: Cecchinato Valentina , Bernasconi Enos , Speck Roberto F. , Proietti Michele , Sauermann Ulrike , D’Agostino Gianluca , Danelon Gabriela , Rezzonico Jost Tanja , Grassi Fabio , Raeli Lorenzo , Schöni-Affolter Franziska , Stahl-Hennig Christiane , Uguccioni Mariagrazia ,   the Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Published: November 2016

Abstract
CD4+ T cell repopulation of the gut is rarely achieved in HIV-1–infected individuals who are receiving clinically effective antiretroviral therapy. Alterations in the integrity of the mucosal barrier have been indicated as a cause for chronic immune activation and disease progression. In this study, we present evidence that persistent immune activation causes impairment of lymphocytes to respond to chemotactic stimuli, thus preventing their trafficking from the blood stream to peripheral organs. CCR6+ and CXCR3+ Th cells accumulate in the blood of aviremic HIV-1–infected patients on long-term antiretroviral therapy, and their frequency in the circulation positively correlates to levels of soluble CD14 in plasma, a marker of chronic immune activation. Th cells show an impaired response to chemotactic stimuli both in humans and in the pathogenic model of SIV infection, and this defect is due to hyperactivation of cofilin and inefficient actin polymerization. Taking advantage of a murine model of chronic immune activation, we demonstrate that cytoskeleton remodeling, induced by okadaic acid, restores lymphocyte migration in response to chemokines, both in vitro and in vivo. This study calls for novel pharmacological approaches in those pathological conditions characterized by persistent immune activation and loss of trafficking of T cell subsets to niches that sustain their maturation and activities.
The Impact of Established Immunoregulatory Networks on Vaccine Efficacy and the Development of Immunity to Malaria
Authors: Montes de Oca Marcela , Good Michael F. , McCarthy James S. , Engwerda Christian R. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The development of vaccines to protect against parasites is difficult, in large part due to complex host-parasite interactions that have evolved over millennia. Parasitic factors such as antigenic variation and host factors such as age, transmission intensity, and genetic influences are all thought to contribute to the limited efficacy of parasite vaccines. A developing theme in field studies investigating antiparasitic immunity is the emergence, establishment, and maintenance of immunoregulatory networks that shape the immune responses to new infections, as well as vaccines, thereby influencing disease outcome. In this review, we will examine why parasite vaccine candidates perform poorly in target populations and, in particular, the role of immunoregulatory networks in influencing antimalarial immunity and vaccine efficacy. We will focus our discussion on malaria, the most important parasitic disease of humans, but also highlight the broader impact of immunoregulatory networks on vaccine efficacy.
Suffering bodies in 2 Maccabees 3
Authors: Jordaan Pierre J. 
Published: November 2016

This article aims to analyse the role that bodies play in different narratives implied in 2 Maccabees 3. In order to do this, a possible dominant narrative was constructed in which the motif of suffering bodies is shown. In the same way, a challenging narrative wherein the alleviation of suffering bodies is portrayed is also revealed. Furthermore the dynamics behind these two narratives, e.g. when the Jewish deity was willing to relieve this suffering, is also investigated. It was found that the Jewish deity responds positively when his high priest and his nation are in unison apropos their worship, and are willing to counter foreign invaders of the temple and their ideologies. To come to this conclusion the narrative therapeutic approach, as used by Epston and White, was applied to 2 Maccabees 3. This approach to interpretation is quite unique.
Globally Asymptotic Stability of a Delayed Integro-Differential Equation With Nonlocal Diffusion
Authors: Weng Peixuan , Liu Li 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe study a population model with nonlocal diòusion, which is a delayed integro-diòerential equation with double nonlinearity and two integrable kernels. By comparison method and analytical technique, we obtain globally asymptotic stability of the zero solution and the positive equilibrium. The results obtained reveal that the globally asymptotic stability only depends on the property of nonlinearity. As an application, we discuss an example for a population model with age structure.
Mora River Aquarium en Mora, Alentejo. Portugal
Authors: Promontorio Architects Arquitectos 
Published: November 2016

<p>El proyecto del Acuario en el río o fluviario de Mora es el resultado de una estrategia para el desarrollo regional del Alto Alentejo, que mitigue la dependencia de la cada vez más deficiente economía agrícola, a favor del desarrollo de las áreas de turismo y de ocio. </p>
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Findings in Laser Maculopathy
Authors: Tomasso Livia , Benatti Lucia , La Spina Carlo , Lattanzio Rosangela , Baldin Giovanni , Carnevali Adriano , De Vitis Luigi A. , Querques Lea , Bandello Francesco , Querques Giuseppe 
Published: December 2016

Purpose Handheld laser pointer thermal injury affects primarily the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). However, so far no study has reported on the possible effects of laser pointers in the deeper layers, beneath the RPE. Here, we describe the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography findings in the choriocapillaris of a patient with laser maculopathy. Methods A 13-year-old boy presented to our department with decreased vision in the left eye 12 hours after having stared at the beam of a laser pointer. Results Structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed 2 focal hyperreflective columns at the fovea extending from the RPE, involving all outer retinal layers, and terminating at the outer plexiform layer. The patient also underwent OCT angiography (OCT-A), which in the choriocapillary segmentation revealed 2 hypointense lesions in correspondence of the focal hyperreflectivities detected on structural OCT. We hypothesize that the OCT-A findings could represent a rarefaction of the choriocapillaris. However, the choriocapillary OCT-A findings could also represent artifacts due to the overlaying hyperreflective lesions. Conclusions It is known that the RPE is primarily damaged by the laser injury. Our findings suggest that the thermal injury could involve also the choriocapillaris, and thus not limited to the RPE. Multimodal imaging in laser maculopathy including OCT-A may lead to a better comprehension of the pathogenesis of laser retinal damages.