bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of a Health Education Intervention on Jordanian Participants’ Colorectal Cancer Knowledge, Health Perceptions, and Screening Practices
Authors: Abuadas Fuad H. , Petro-Nustas Wasileh J. , Abuadas Mohammad H. 
Published: March 2017

Background:
Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second and third most commonly diagnosed cancer in women and men, respectively.

Objectives:
The aim of this study is to test the effectiveness of a health education intervention on the current level of Jordanians’ CRC knowledge, health perceptions, and screening practices.

Methods:
A convenience sampling method was used to recruit a sample of 197 average-risk Jordanian adults aged 50 to 75 years. The sample was collected from outpatient departments of Jordan University and Al-Basheer Hospitals in Amman. This study used quasi-experimental design, and a rolling enrollment method was implemented to randomly assign the participants into intervention and control groups.

Results:
Baseline results indicated that Jordanian average-risk participants were not well informed about CRC and screening recommendations. One-fourth perceived themselves to be susceptible to CRC. About one-third comprehended the seriousness of CRC, most recognized the benefits of CRC screening, and fewer than half believed there were barriers preventing them from participating in CRC screening. Four weeks after intervention implementation, there was a significantly higher level of knowledge, as well as increased susceptibility and severity perceptions, screening via fecal occult blood test, and intentions to undergo screening via colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy.

Conclusion:
The findings support the implementation of a health education intervention as an effective way to enhance levels of knowledge and promote positive health perceptions regarding CRC and screening recommendations.

Implications for Practice:
This study may provide Jordanian and other nurses with a theory-based educational intervention to improve the quality of nursing care and reduce costs.
Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery for Local Excision of Benign and Malignant Rectal Neoplasia
Authors: Lee Lawrence , Burke John P. , deBeche-Adams Teresa , Nassif George , Martin-Perez Beatriz , Monson John R. T. , Albert Matthew R. , Atallah Sam B. 
Published: March 2017

Objective:
This study describes the outcomes for 200 consecutive transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) local excision (LE) for rectal neoplasia.

Background:
TAMIS is an advanced transanal platform that can result in high quality LE of rectal neoplasia.

Methods:
Consecutive patients from July 1, 2009 to December 31, 2015 from a prospective institutional registry were analyzed. Indication for TAMIS LE was endoscopically unresectable benign lesions or histologically favorable early rectal cancers. The primary endpoints were resection quality, neoplasia recurrence, and oncologic outcomes. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were used to describe disease-free survival (DFS) for patients with rectal adenocarcinoma that did not receive immediate salvage radical surgery.

Results:
There were 200 elective TAMIS LE procedures performed in 196 patients for 90 benign and 110 malignant lesions. Overall, a 7% margin positivity and 5% fragmentation rate was observed. The mean operative time for TAMIS was 69.5 minutes (SD 37.9). Postoperative morbidity was recorded in 11% of patients, with hemorrhage (9%), urinary retention (4%), and scrotal or subcutaneous emphysema (3%) being the most common. The mean follow up was 14.4 months (SD 17.4). Local recurrence occurred in 6%, and distant organ metastasis was noted in 2%. Mean time to local recurrence for malignancy was 16.9 months (SD 13.2). Cumulative DFS for patients with rectal adenocarcinoma was 96%, 93%, and 84% at 1-, 2-, and 3-years.

Conclusions:
For carefully selected patients, TAMIS for local excision of rectal neoplasia is a valid option with low morbidity that maintains the advantages of organ preservation.
Acute Zonal Occult Outer Retinopathy Associated With Retrobulbar Optic Neuritis
Authors: Wang Jay C. , Finn Avni P. , Grotting Lindsay A. , Sobrin Lucia 
Published: March 2017

Abstract:
A 17-year-old girl presented with unilateral retrobulbar optic neuritis as well as bilateral funduscopic findings and outer retinal dysfunction suggestive of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR). Fundus autofluorescence abnormalities, visual field loss, and electroretinographic changes were supportive of bilateral AZOOR. MRI was consistent with the diagnosis of clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), which is defined as a central nervous system demyelinating event that may herald the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS). While AZOOR previously has been linked to MS and demyelinating white matter lesions in the brain, our case seems unique due to concurrent development of AZOOR and retrobulbar optic neuritis as a CIS.
Understanding the power of hope and empathy in healthcare marketing
Authors: Kemp Elyria , Bui My , Krishen Anjala , Homer Pamela Miles , LaTour Michael S. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The dynamic landscape of healthcare has seen significant changes in marketing by the various types of healthcare providers. This research aims to explore the impact of emotions in healthcare advertising.

Design/methodology/approach
Two consumer panel experiments investigate the role of hope and empathy appeals in fostering positive evaluations toward healthcare providers (medical centers for serious illnesses).

Findings
Study 1 shows that two types of emotion-based healthcare appeals are more effective than non-emotional appeals. Study 2 compares the relative effectiveness of hope versus empathy appeals with medical expert or typical person (patient) testimonials.

Research limitations/implications
Findings demonstrate that in a healthcare context, an expert testimonial enhanced the persuasiveness of a hope-based appeal, whereas testimonials from unknown patients were not effective.

Originality/value
Understanding the role of emotions in healthcare advertising is increasingly important as healthcare providers compete on care and quality outcomes and advertising agencies vie for the attention of consumers.
The role of regulatory focus and goal progress on goal-directed consumption behaviors
Authors: Chan Nga Cheng , Ho Ying 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the moderating role of customers’ regulatory focus on the relationship between progress level of goal pursuit and customers’ consumption behaviors in a retail setting.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from a loyalty program organized by a retail store selling cosmetic and skincare products. Loyalty program participants were given member cards endowed with different progress levels, and their consumption behaviors during the program period were tracked. Regulatory focus of program participants was also assessed.FindingsRegression results show that prevention-focused customers are inclined to spend more money, accumulate more stamps and achieve more additional rewards when progress level is high rather than low. This pattern is reversed for promotion-focused customers.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research may investigate the underlying mechanism by testing potential mediators. Researchers may also test the model in non-retail settings such as service industries.Practical implicationsThe findings provide insights to firms regarding when and how to motivate customers with different regulatory orientations in loyalty programs.Originality/valueThis study examines the joint effect of regulatory focus and progress level on people’s consumption behaviors. The model was tested using actual consumption data collected in a retail setting.
The cultural and religious animosity model: evidence from the United States
Authors: Kalliny Morris , Hausman Angela , Saran Anshu , Ismaeil Dina 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is threefold: to extend the animosity model developed by Klein et al. (1998) by adding cultural and religious animosity constructs, to provide a tool with which to measure the cultural and religious constructs and to provide explanations, and thus an understanding, of how cultural and religious differences impact consumer intention to purchase.

Design/methodology/approach
Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to test the model.

Findings
The cultural and religion animosity scale is created.

Originality/value
This fills a gap in the literature where there is not currently a scale to measure cultural or religious animosity.
Strategic exit interviewing: encouraging voice, enhancing alignment and examining process
Authors: Pace Victoria L. , Kisamore Jennifer L. 
Published: March 2017

PurposeTo maximize their effectiveness, exit interviews should incorporate employee voice and be aligned with other HR processes. The purpose of this paper is to describe a three-step approach to the strategic use of exit interviews.Design/methodology/approachThe current study synthesizes extant theory including that of employee voice to enhance the exit interview process. A qualitative study conducted within a large marketing research organization demonstrates how exit interviews that utilize employee voice can inform HR and organizational strategy.FindingsApplication of the proposed process to the case study revealed conditions, critical incidents, and cognitive processes underlying exit decisions for employees in several job categories. Qualitative exit information is used to describe corresponding employee withdrawal paths.Practical implicationsUse of the three-step exit interview process is expected to enhance HR decisions. Data gathered from the three-step process can be used by HR and organizational leaders to develop action plans as well as inform an organization’s strategic decisions.Originality/valueAn organizational example is presented in which insight into underlying causes of voluntary turnover are discovered through exit interviews. Exit interview information suggested interventions related to HR processes. Such targeted insights from exit interviews can greatly improve retention and enhance organizational effectiveness.
Functional genomics‐guided discovery of a light‐activated phytotoxin in the wheat pathogen Parastagonospora nodorum via pathway activation
Authors: Chooi Yit‐Heng , Zhang Guozhi , Hu Jinyu , Muria‐Gonzalez Mariano Jordi , Tran Phuong N. , Pettitt Amber , Maier Alexander G. , Barrow Russell A. , Solomon Peter S. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryParastagonospora nodorum is an important pathogen of wheat. The contribution of secondary metabolites to this pathosystem is poorly understood. A biosynthetic gene cluster (SNOG_08608‐08616) has been shown to be upregulated during the late stage of P. nodorum wheat leaf infection. The gene cluster shares several homologues with the Cercospora nicotianae CTB gene cluster encoding the biosynthesis of cercosporin. Activation of the gene cluster by overexpression (OE) of the transcription factor gene (SNOG_08609) in P. nodorum resulted in the production of elsinochrome C, a perelyenequinone phytotoxin structurally similar to cercosporin. Heterologous expression of the polyketide synthase gene elcA from the gene cluster in Aspergillus nidulans resulted in the production of the polyketide precursor nortoralactone common to the cercosporin pathway. Elsinochrome C could be detected on wheat leaves infected with P. nodorum, but not in the elcA disruption mutant. The compound was shown to exhibit necrotic activity on wheat leaves in a light‐dependent manner. Wheat seedling infection assays showed that ΔelcA exhibited reduced virulence compared with wild type, while infection by an OE strain overproducing elsinochrome C resulted in larger lesions on leaves. These data provided evidence that elsinochrome C contributes to the virulence of P. nodorum against wheat.
Diet affects arctic ground squirrel gut microbial metatranscriptome independent of community structure
Authors: Hatton Jasmine J. , Stevenson Timothy J. , Buck C. Loren , Duddleston Khrystyne N. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryWe examined the effect of diet on pre‐hibernation fattening and the gut microbiota of captive arctic ground squirrels (Urocitellus parryii). We measured body composition across time and gut microbiota density, diversity and function prior to and after five‐weeks on control, high‐fat, low‐fat (18%, 40% and 10% energy from fat, respectively), or restricted calorie (50% of control) diets. Squirrels fattened at the same rate and to the same degree on all diets. Additionally, we found no differences in gut microbiota diversity or short chain fatty acid production across time or with diet. Analysis of the gut microbial transcriptome indicated differences in community function among diet groups, but not across time, and revealed shifts in the relative contribution of function at a taxonomic level. Our results demonstrate that pre‐hibernation fattening of arctic ground squirrels is robust to changes in diet and is accomplished by more than increased food intake. Although our analyses did not uncover a definitive link between host fattening and the gut microbiota, and suggest the squirrels may possess a gut microbial community structure that is unresponsive to dietary changes, studies manipulating diet earlier in the active season may yet uncover a relationship between host diet, fattening and gut microbiota.
Analysing Systemic Risk in the Chinese Banking System
Authors: Huang Qiubin , De Haan Jakob , Scholtens Bert 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe examine systemic risk in the Chinese banking system by estimating the conditional value at risk (CoVaR), the marginal expected shortfall (MES), the systemic impact index (SII) and the vulnerability index (VI) for 16 listed banks in China for the 2007–2014 period. We find that these measures show different patterns, capturing different aspects of systemic risk of Chinese banks. However, rankings of banks based on these measures are significantly correlated. The time‐series results for the CoVaR and MES measures suggest that systemic risk in the Chinese banking system decreased after the global financial crisis but started rising in 2014.
Investigations Into Age‐related Changes in the Human Mandible,
Authors: Parr Nicolette M. , Passalacqua Nicholas V. , Skorpinski Katie 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWhile changes in mandibular shape over time are not widely recognized by skeletal biologists, mandibular remodeling and associated changes in gross morphology may result from a number of causes related to mechanical stress such as antemortem tooth loss, changes in bite force, or alterations of masticatory performance. This study investigated the relationship between age‐related changes and antemortem tooth loss in adult humans via dry bone measurements. This study examined 10 standard mandibular measurements as well as individual antemortem tooth loss scores using the Eichner Index from a total of 319 female and male individuals with ages ranging from 16 to 99 years. Results indicate that few mandibular measurements exhibited age‐related changes, and most were affected by antemortem tooth loss.
Subjective Experience and Military Masculinity at the Beginning of the Long Eighteenth Century, 1688‐1714
Authors: Brittan Owen 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNo other institution illustrates the tensions between competing normative ideals and discursive behaviours more than the army. At the turn of the eighteenth century the British military had a reputation for being particularly untrustworthy, licentious, immoral and drunk. Using autobiographical sources and focusing on subjective experience in relation to normative expectations, this article questions such stereotypes by looking at four men in the middle ranks of the army officer corps. The attempt of these four officers to understand, perform and negotiate competing norms illustrates the tension that often existed between the expectations of a variety of masculine discourses.
The novel video‐assisted intubating laryngeal mask Totaltrack compared to the intubating laryngeal mask Fastrach – a controlled randomized manikin study
Authors: Ott T. , Barth A. , Kriege M. , Jahn‐Eimermacher A. , Piepho T. , Noppens R. R. 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundThe novel Totaltrack combines a supraglottic airway device with video laryngoscopic tracheal intubation. The intubation laryngeal mask Fastrach is an established device without visual control of intubation. We hypothesized that supraglottic ventilation success with Totaltrack would be similar to Fastrach, but intubation would be performed faster due to visual control of the procedure.MethodsFifty‐five anaesthesiologists were randomized into one of two study arms: Fastrach Totaltrack. After a standardized introduction, six consecutive attempts of supraglottic ventilation and intubation attempts with each of one of the devices were performed on an airway manikin. The combined primary outcome was: time to supraglottic ventilation and time to ventilation after intubation. Additionally, success rate and learning curves were evaluated.ResultsSupraglottic time to ventilation was shorter when using the Fastrach compared to the Totaltrack (median: 7.8 s [confidence interval [CI]: 7.0–8.6 s] vs. 11 s [CI: 7.8–14.2 s], P < 0.001). Intubation was faster using the Fastrach compared to Totaltrack (median: 12.5 s, [CI: 10.1–14.9 s] vs. 23.3 s [CI: 21.5–25.1 s], P < 0.001). Success rate for supraglottic ventilation was comparable between Fastrach and Totaltrack (86–96%). Successful intubation via the device was 100% in Fastrach and ranged from 61% to 93% in Totaltrack, with a higher probability of successful intubation after four applications.ConclusionIn this manikin‐based study the novel Totaltrack did not prove superior to Fastrach despite a similar design. Video laryngoscopic control of supraglottic ventilation and endotracheal intubation was prolonged using the Totaltrack. Clinical trials are mandatory to evaluate the role of the Totaltrack in airway management.
Consensus statement for the treatment of infantile haemangiomas with propranolol
Authors: Smithson Sarah L , Rademaker Marius , Adams Susan , Bade Stuart , Bekhor Philip , Davidson Samantha , Dore Amanda , Drummond Catherine , Fischer Gayle , Gin Alexander , Grills Claire , Halbert Anne , Lokmic Zerina , McCahon Emma , Morgan Vanessa A , Murrell Dedee F , Orchard David , Penington Anthony , Purvis Diana , Relic John , Robertson Susan , Robinson Aaron J , Scardamaglia Laura , Su John , Tan Swee , Wargon Orli , Warren Lachlan , Wong Li‐chuen , Zappala Tania , Phillips Roderic 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAlthough most infantile haemangiomas do not require treatment due to a natural history of spontaneous involution, some require early intervention. The Australasian Vascular Anomalies Network and the Australasian Paediatric Dermatology Network have developed a consensus statement for the treatment of infantile haemangiomas with oral propranolol. Infants with haemangiomas that are life threatening, at risk of ulceration, or at risk of causing a significant functional impairment, psychological impact or physical deformity should be treated early with oral propranolol. Oral propranolol is safe and effective and in most healthy infants oral propranolol can be started in an outpatient setting.
The impact of introducing medical management on conservative and surgical management for early pregnancy miscarriage
Authors: Black Kirsten I. , de Vries Bradley S. , Moses Francis , Pelosi Marilena , Cong Angela , Ludlow Joanne 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundMedical management of miscarriage allows women to avoid the risks associated with surgical intervention. In 2011 the early pregnancy assessment service (EPAS) at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (RPAH) in Sydney, Australia introduced medical management of miscarriage with single‐dose 800 μg vaginal misoprostol.AimsWe sought to investigate the impact of the introduction of medical management had on the proportion of women having surgery and conservative management and to examine the success and complication rates of medical management.Materials and methodsWe undertook a retrospective cohort study that included all women diagnosed with a miscarriage from 12 months prior to and 18 months after the introduction of medical management. Successful management was defined as the absence of retained products of conception or endometrial thickness less than 15 mm on ultrasound at two weeks. The change in management choices over time, the success rates and complication rates were measured.ResultsOf 1102 women in the final analysis, 446 were in Group A (before medical management) and 656 in Group B (after medical management). Primary surgical procedures fell significantly for missed miscarriages from 68 to 48% (P < 0.001) and primary conservative management reduced for incomplete miscarriages (63–44%; P = 0.01). Overall 89 of 108 (82.4%) patients managed medically had a resolution within two weeks. One in ten presented with a complication.DiscussionThe introduction of medical management led to a statistically significant reduction in the proportion of women undergoing primary surgical management of missed miscarriage. Success and complication rates were similar to other studies.
Outcome of pregnancy in women diagnosed with idiopathic polyhydramnios
Authors: Khan Sarwat , Donnelly Jennifer 
Published: March 2017

IntroductionPolyhydramnios is present in approximately 2% of pregnancies and it has been associated with a variety of adverse pregnancy outcomes.ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to evaluate the association between polyhydramnios and adverse pregnancy outcomes.MethodsThis was a retrospective case control study of 288 singleton pregnancies delivered in the Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, between 2013 and 2014. Polyhydramnios was defined as: (i) amniotic fluid index (AFI) ≥ 25 cm; (ii) maximal vertical pocket (MVP) of ≥8 cm; and (iii) a gestational age‐specific threshold for AFI. Demographic information, obstetric and neonatal outcomes were obtained by review of hospital databases. Exclusion criteria included gestational or pre‐existing diabetes, multiple pregnancy, carrying a fetus with structural or chromosomal abnormalities, Rhesus factor isoimmunisation, and TORCH screen positive. Outcomes were compared with outcomes of those without polyhydramnios.ResultsA total of 8798 deliveries occurred during the study period. The frequency of polyhydramnios was 1.6%. One hundred and forty‐four women were selected in each group. There was no significant difference in preterm deliveries, low birth weight, low Apgar score at one minute and five minutes and perinatal mortality. However, increase in caesarean delivery rate (43.1% vs 21.5%), number of fetal distresses (17.4% vs 6.9%) and number of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions (17.4% vs 4.9%) were observed in our study.ConclusionIn conclusion, idiopathic polyhydramnios is associated with specific adverse outcomes, such as higher rate of caesarean delivery, fetal distress and NICU admissions. Therefore, close surveillance of these pregnancies is required, especially near term.