bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNAs 218a-5p, 219a-5p, and 221-3p regulate vestibular compensation
Authors: Chang Mun Young , Park Sohyeon , Choi Jun Jae , Kim Young-Kook , Suh Myung-Whan , Lee Jun Ho , Oh Seung Ha , Park Moo Kyun 
Published: August 2017

AbstractUnilateral vestibular deafferentation (UVD) interrupts afferent signals from one side, resulting in an imbalance of the resting activity between bilateral vestibular nuclei. Vestibular compensation is the process of balancing the resting activity to reestablish homeostasis. Here, we investigated microRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate vestibular compensation using the Sprague–Dawley rat. After determining the progression of vestibular compensation following UVD, microarray analysis was performed and nine miRNAs were selected as candidates. Following validation by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, three miRNAs remained. We assessed the effect of these miRNAs on vestibular compensation using miRNA oligomers. We compared the results of the rotarod test and 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine immunohistochemistry following UVD between the control group and the groups in which the candidate miRNA oligomers were administered. Administration of miR-218a-5p, 219a-5p, and 221-3p oligomers significantly affected vestibular compensation. Target pathway analysis of these miRNAs supported our results. Our findings suggest that the miRNAs 218a-5p, 219a-5p, and 221-3p regulate vestibular compensation.
GABA accretion reduces Lsi-1 and Lsi-2 gene expressions and modulates physiological responses in Oryza sativa to provide tolerance towards arsenic
Authors: Kumar Navin , Dubey Arvind Kumar , Upadhyay Atul Kumar , Gautam Ambedkar , Ranjan Ruma , Srikishna Saripella , Sahu Nayan , Behera Soumit Kumar , Mallick Shekhar 
Published: August 2017

AbstractGABA counteracts wide range of stresses through regulation of GABA shunt pathway in plants. Although, GABA assisted tolerance against As toxicity in plants is still unexplored. We have examined GABA induced tolerance in rice seedlings with two exposure periods of GABA i.e., short term and long term. Results showed that accumulation of GABA reduced the expressions of Lsi-1 and Lsi-2 transporter genes, which ultimately decreased the accumulation of As in rice seedlings. The accumulation of GABA also modulated the gene expression of GABA shunt pathway and activity of antioxidant enzymes, which strongly induced the tolerance in plants. Antioxidant enzymes such as CAT, POD, GPX and SOD showed maximum alteration in activity with GABA accretion. In both exposure periods, long term accumulation of GABA was highly efficient to provide tolerance to plants against As(III), while higher level of GABA at short term was toxic. Tolerance responses of GABA towards As(III) was reflected by minimal changes in various physiological (WUE, A, gs, PhiPS2, qp, NPQ, ETR and Trmmol) and growth parameters with concomitant accumulation. Oxidative stress marker such as TBARS and H2O2 contents were reduced with GABA accumulation. These results suggested that GABA sturdily inhibits As accumulation and provides tolerance towards As(III).
Fifteen-year mortality trends in Poland analysed with the use of standard expected years of life lost, 2000–2014
Authors: Pikala Małgorzata , Maniecka-Bryła Irena 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe aim of the study is an evaluation of years of life lost by inhabitants of Poland according to the most important causes of mortality and identification of trends in the period 2000–2014. The study material included a database which contained information gathered from 5,601,568 death certificates of inhabitants of Poland. In order to calculate years of life lost, the SEYLLp index (Standard Expected Years of Life Lost per living person) was applied. We also calculated AAPC (Average Annual Percentage Change). The SEYLLp index (per 10,000 population) in Poland decreased from 2503.4 in 2000 to 2193.2 in 2014 among males (AAPC = −0.8%, p < 0.05) and from 1430.2 in 2000 to 1269.4 in 2014 among females (AAPC = −0.6%, p < 0.05). In 2014, the top 5 causes of years of life lost were: cardiovascular diseases (721.4 per 10,000 males and 475.6 per 10,000 females), malignant tumours (575.5 and 418.3), unintentional injuries (202.2 and 46.8), intentional injuries (114.6 and 16.3) and digestive diseases (120.2 and 58.3). Due to negative trends, there is a need to implement preventative measures, aimed at reducing mortality caused by respiratory infections in both males and females, malignant tumours in females and diabetes mellitus and intentional injuries in males.
Broadband polarization conversion with anisotropic plasmonic metasurfaces
Authors: Cao Wei , Yang Xiaodong , Gao Jie 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMetasurfaces offer exciting opportunities that enable precise control of light propagation, optical intensity, phase and polarization. Plasmonic metasurface based quarter-wave plates have been recently studied to realize the conversion between linear polarization and circular polarization. However, it is still quite challenging to directly measure the birefringent phase retardation introduced by metasurface wave plates with a reliable technique. Here, we report a high-performance broadband metasurface quarter-wave plate made of anisotropic T-shaped plasmonic antennas in near-infrared wavelength range, where the achromatic nearly 90° transmitted phase retardation through the metasurface is precisely characterized with an optical vortex based interferometric approach. Based on the measured transmission amplitude and phase of two orthogonal linear polarization components, nearly unit degree of linear polarization is extracted from the Stokes parameters, indicating excellent broadband polarization conversion between linearly and circularly polarized light through the metasurface. Our results will be an important step forward in the advancement of integrated metasurface devices for polarization conversion and beam manipulation, structured light control, as well as new spectroscopic and interferometric techniques for metasurface characterization.
Water-Soluble Epitaxial NaCl Thin Film for Fabrication of Flexible Devices
Authors: Lee Dong Kyu , Kim Sungjoo , Oh Sein , Choi Jae-Young , Lee Jong-Lam , Yu Hak Ki 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe studied growth mechanisms of water-soluble NaCl thin films on single crystal substrates. Epitaxial growth of NaCl(100) on Si(100) and domain-matched growth of NaCl(111) on c-sapphire were obtained at thicknesses below 100 nm even at room temperature from low lattice mismatches in both cases. NaCl thin film, which demonstrates high solubility selectivity for water, was successfully applied as a water-soluble sacrificial layer for fabrication of several functional materials, such as WO3nano-helix and Sn doped In2O3nano-branches.
Effect of Monopolar Cutting Mode against Bipolar Diathermy on Surgical Dissection of Microvessels
Authors: Suh Hyunsuk , Park Eun , Hong Joon 
Published: August 2017

Background An ideal vessel dissection will be to maximize bleeding control through coagulation while minimizing vessel damage. Among the diathermy methods, there has been no report comparing the effect on vessels. This study aims to verify the effect of bipolar diathermy against monopolar diathermy cutting mode for vessel dissection.
Methods A total of 18 Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into three groups according to the method of pedicle dissection for 6 × 6 cm sized abdominal flap; (group 0) surgical scissors, (group 1) monopolar diathermy cutting mode and (group 2) bipolar diathermy. They were evaluated for the temperature of device tip and the radiating heat to the surrounding tissue, change in vessel diameter, flow velocity, and perfusion to the skin flap during dissection. Final flap survival rate and pathology of the vessels were also evaluated.
Results Significantly higher radiating heat was observed using bipolar diathermy (average: 37.5°C) compared with group using monopolar diathermy (average: 34.4°C) (p value 0.045). However, there were no differences in vessel diameter, skin flap perfusion, flow velocity, and flap survival rate among the groups.
Conclusions Both monopolar diathermy cutting mode and bipolar diathermy are safe to use to dissect the pedicle vessels when used adequately. Although it has no significant difference in relations to flap survival, vessel spasm, and perfusion/velocity to the flap, the extent of histologic damage may be less in monopolar diathermy cutting mode. Using monopolar diathermy cutting mode may provide efficiency to achieve ligation in small vessels during pedicle dissection but requires finesse technique and a learning curve.
Surgical Treatment of Ebstein's Anomaly
Authors: Lange Rüdiger , Burri Melchior 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSurgical repair of the tricuspid valve is a milestone in the medical history of patients with Ebstein's anomaly. The timely alleviation of the insufficiency has an important impact on the prognosis. In this review, we describe features of the disease relevant to surgical correction and the evolution of surgical techniques over six decades. We compare the results of different repair and replacement techniques. Additionally, we discuss concomitant antiarrhythmic surgery and bailout strategies for postoperative right ventricular failure. Finally, we review the surgical options in symptomatic neonates with Ebstein's disease.
The Oxytocin Product Correlates with Total Oxytocin Received during Labor: A Research Methods Study
Authors: Lewis Lauren , Manuck Tracy , Allen Terrence , James Andra , Seco Aurelien , Deneux-Tharaux Catherine , Grotegut Chad 
Published: August 2017

Objective Total dose of oxytocin received during labor is an important variable in studies of human labor but is difficult to calculate. We sought to identify a surrogate measure for total dose of oxytocin received.
Study Design For each subject receiving oxytocin during labor, the oxytocin total dose received in labor was calculated as the area under the curve. Maximal oxytocin infusion rate, total duration of oxytocin infusion, and the product of both, defined as the oxytocin product, were then each correlated with the total dose of oxytocin received using the Pearson's correlation coefficient.
Results Oxytocin dosing data were available from 402 women at Duke and 6,907 women from Pithagore6. The two variables alone, or combined as the oxytocin product, demonstrated a high correlation with the oxytocin total dose (r > 0.7), with the oxytocin product demonstrating the highest (r > 0.9). This was true whether labor was induced or augmented and whether delivery was vaginal or cesarean.
Conclusion The oxytocin product, composed of two easily obtained variables, demonstrated a very high correlation with total oxytocin dose received in labor and represents a simple and accurate surrogate for total dose of oxytocin received during labor. The oxytocin product can be used in clinical studies in which oxytocin dose is an important variable.
Dynamische Stabilisierung des Skaphoids mit Extensor carpi radialis longus-Sehnenstreifen und freiem Palmaris
longus-Sehneninterponat bei skapholunärer Instabilität
Authors: Soleman Evelin , Fatzer Lukas , Sanchez Tomas 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Artikel beschreibt unsere Technik der dynamischen Skaphoidstabilisierung zur Behandlung einer statischen, reponiblen
skapholunären Dissoziation.
Die dorsale Bandplastik bei posttraumatischer skapholunärer Dissoziation
Authors: Bajinski Ralf , Gülke Joachim , Mentzel Martin , Sigloch Florian , Dustmann Moritz , Wachter Nikolaus Johannes 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungDie veraltete skapholunäre Dissoziation (SLD) Stadium 2 und 3 kann bei fehlender Therapie zu posttraumatischen Folgeschäden führen.
Verschiedene Therapieansätze wie Kapsulodesen, Tenodesen oder andere Verfahren wurden beschrieben. Ziel aller Verfahren ist die
Palmarkippung des Kahnbeines mit nachfolgender Arthrose (SLAC-wrist) zu vermeiden. Ziel dieser Studie war die Evaluation der Ergebnisse
einer in unserem Haus durchgeführten modifizierten dorsalen Bandplastik bei Patienten mit SLD 2° und 3° im Rahmen eines prospektiven
Studiendesigns. Weiterhin sollte ermittelt werden, ob eine Korrelation zwischen klinischen und radiologischen Parametern besteht und ob
durch die Operation die Entstehung eines SLAC-wrist verhindert werden kann. In unserer Klinik wurden zwischen 2007 und 2011 29 Patienten mit
einer modifizierten dorsalen Bandplastik bei veralteter SLD 2° und 3° operativ versorgt. Im Rahmen der prospektiven Studie konnten 25
Patienten nach durchschnittlich 18 Monaten nachuntersucht werden. Präoperativ wurden die klinischen Parameter ROM, DASH und VAS-Schmerzskala
sowie die radiologischen Parameter SL-Distanz in Ruhe und Kraftgriff sowie SL-Winkel erhoben; postoperativ zusätzlich die Greifkraft der
operierten und der gesunden Gegenseite, der Mayo Wrist Score (MWS) und die subjektive Gesamtbeurteilung. Die subjektive Gesamtbeurteilung
postoperativ lag bei durchschnittlich gut. Die postoperative Beweglichkeit ROM lag bei 83,8 % der ROM der gesunden Gegenseite und
verminderte sich im Vergleich zu präoperativ um 11 % (nicht signifikant). Die postoperative Kraft lag bei 85,7 % der Kraft der gesunden
Gegenseite. Die VAS-Schmerz-Skala lag postoperativ bei durchschnittlich 2,7, präoperativ bei durchschnittlich 6,7, die Schmerzabnahme war
signifikant. Der postoperative DASH-Score lag präoperativ bei 60 und verbesserte sich postoperativ signifikant auf 22,5. Der postoperative
MWS lag bei 73. Alle postoperativen radiologischen Parameter waren signifikant verbessert (p < 0,001), lagen aber durchschnittlich noch
im pathologischen Bereich. In der Pearson Korrelationsanalyse zeigte sich keine relevanten Korrelationen zwischen den radiologischen
Parametern und den klinischen Scores. In 3 Fällen (12 %) waren Folgeoperationen nötig. Die beschriebene modifizierte dorsale Bandplastik
bietet eine Therapieoption bei veralteter SLD Grad 2 und 3. Sie lieferte gute klinische Ergebnisse bei geringer Komplikationsrate und
kleiner Zugangsmorbidität. Kritisch zu sehen ist die geringe Nachuntersuchungszeit von durchschnittlich 18 Monaten, eine erhöhte SLAC-Rate
bei längerer Nachuntersuchungszeit kann nicht ausgeschlossen werden.
Therapie des Morbus Dupuytren mit Injektion von Kollagenase in Deutschland – Ergebnisse und Komplikationen an 110
Gelenken
Authors: Pototschnig Adrian , Volkmer Elias , Giunta Riccardo E. 
Published: August 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Seit 2011 steht in Deutschland mit der Injektion von mikrobieller Kollagenase (Xiapex®, Fa. Pfizer) ein neues
minimalinvasives Verfahren zur Therapie des Morbus Dupuytren zur Verfügung.
Ziel Wir berichten über die aktuelle Situation, Ergebnisse und Komplikationen nach Injektion von mikrobieller Kollagenase zur Therapie
des Morbus Dupuytren in Deutschland.
Patienten und Methoden In unserer Studie wurde 78 Patienten (61 Männer, 17 Frauen) mit 87 Injektionen an 87 Strahlen (Kleinfinger n =
40, Ringfinger n = 37, Mittelfinger n = 8 und Zeigefinger n = 2) behandelt, und wir konnten davon 39 Patienten (32 Männer, 7 Frauen) über
einen Zeitraum von 6 Monaten prospektiv beobachtet. Wir dokumentierten Kontrakturgrade prätherapeutisch, nach 6 Wochen und nach 6
Monaten.
Ergebnisse Am MCP-Gelenk (n = 26) erfolgte eine Korrektur von durchschnittlich 51° auf 0° (p < 0,05). Nach 6 Monaten konnte die
Kontraktur am MCP-Gelenk (n = 16) von durchschnittlich 52° auf 0° reduziert werden (p < 0,05). Die initiale Korrektur am PIP-Gelenk (n =
28) belief sich von durchschnittlich 63° auf 15° (p < 0,05). Nach 6 Monaten zeigte sich am PIP-Gelenk (n = 12) eine durchschnittliche
Reduktion von 70° auf 40° (p < 0,05). Bei kombinierten Kontrakturen von MCP- und PIP-Gelenk (n = 33) ergab sich eine Korrektur von 96°
auf 13° (p < 0,05). Nach 6 Monaten zeigte sich bei den kombinierten Kontrakturen (n = 16) eine Korrektur von 91° auf 61° (p < 0,05).
Als häufige Nebenwirkungen registrierten wir lokale Schwelllungen (n = 36), gefolgt von Hämatomen (n = 25), temporären lividen Verfärbungen
(n = 17) und Hautrissen (n = 16). Es kam zu keinen schweren Komplikationen wie Beugesehnen-, Gefäß- oder Nervenverletzungen. Die schwersten
Komplikationen waren 4 kleine Hautdefekte, die jedoch im Verlauf mit konservativer Wundbehandlung abheilten.
Schlussfolgerung Verglichen mit internationalen Studien präsentieren wir vergleichbare Resultate. Hervorzuheben sind die guten
Ergebnisse mit nur einer Injektion bei hohen prätherapeutischen Kontrakturgraden am MCP-Gelenk und respektable Erfolge bei kombinierten
Kontrakturen an beiden Gelenken mit nur einer Injektion. Es traten keine schwerwiegenden Komplikationen auf. Die Nebenwirkungen entsprechen
dem Spektrum vergleichbarer Studien. Wir sind der Meinung, dass die Injektion von mikrobieller Kollagenase eine komplikationsarme und
erfolgversprechende Therapieoption zur Behandlung des M. Dupuytren darstellt. Endgültige Aussagen zur Effektivität im Vergleich zur
perkutanen Nadelfasziotomie (PNF) und partiellen Aponeurektomie müssen weitere Langzeitstudien untersuchen.
MetaCache: context-aware classification of metagenomic reads using minhashing
Authors: Müller André , Hundt Christian , Hildebrandt Andreas , Hankeln Thomas , Schmidt Bertil 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Metagenomic shotgun sequencing studies are becoming increasingly popular with prominent examples including the sequencing of human microbiomes and diverse environments. A fundamental computational problem in this context is read classification, i.e. the assignment of each read to a taxonomic label. Due to the large number of reads produced by modern high-throughput sequencing technologies and the rapidly increasing number of available reference genomes corresponding software tools suffer from either long runtimes, large memory requirements or low accuracy.

Results
We introduce MetaCache—a novel software for read classification using the big data technique minhashing. Our approach performs context-aware classification of reads by computing representative subsamples of k-mers within both, probed reads and locally constrained regions of the reference genomes. As a result, MetaCache consumes significantly less memory compared to the state-of-the-art read classifiers Kraken and CLARK while achieving highly competitive sensitivity and precision at comparable speed. For example, using NCBI RefSeq draft and completed genomes with a total length of around 140 billion bases as reference, MetaCache’s database consumes only 62 GB of memory while both Kraken and CLARK fail to construct their respective databases on a workstation with 512 GB RAM. Our experimental results further show that classification accuracy continuously improves when increasing the amount of utilized reference genome data.

Availability and implementation
MetaCache is open source software written in C ++ and can be downloaded at http://github.com/muellan/metacache.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Three-Way Systems do not Exist
Authors: Müller Gereon , Thomas Daniela 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis chapter argues that argument encoding systems that seem to involve three syntactic core cases (nominative/absolutive, ergative, accusative) are actually common ergative or accusative systems syntactically, with overt case markers for each of the two cases that disappear in intransitive contexts. Based on evidence from Kham, Djapu, Nez Perce, Upriver Halkomelem, and Dyirbal, it shows that a purely morphological approach to differential marking in terms of scale-driven optimization via harmonic alignment and local conjunction (based on Aissen (2003)) can derive these systems straightforwardly if a transitivity scale is postulated in addition to the standard definiteness, animacy, and person scales (Hale (1972), Silverstein (1976)). Since apparent three-way systems usually also involve differential marking sensitive to Hale/Silverstein scales, a conservative extension to (in)transitivity suggests itself. The final parts shows that the new morphological approach is either directly supported by, or at least compatible with, the available syntactic evidence.
On the Morphosyntactic Reflexes of Information Structure in the Ergative Patterning of Inuit Language
Authors: Johns Alana , Kucerova Ivona 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis chapter argues – closely following the insights of Berge (2011) – that the ergative clause structure of the Inuit language is conditioned by information structure properties, more precisely by its topic comment properties. It articulates a formal model where the morphosyntactic properties result from this information structure trigger. Furthermore it shows that not only does the model correctly account for the split case and agreement properties of the Inuit language, but also other relevant properties discussed in the literature, i.e., scope properties of objects and aspect. It is also argued that objects in this language are introduced through an applicative head (Basilico 2012), after which they either topicalize or get assigned oblique case.
Deconstructing Iranian Ergativity
Authors: Haig Geoffrey 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of the alignment splits found in most Iranian languages, focussing on their historical emergence, and their currently attested variability. Following Haig (2008), the origins of ergativity in Iranian are linked to pre-existing, non-canonical subject constructions typically involving Benefactives, External Possessors, and Experiencers, which then extended to clauses with participial predicates expressing agentive semantics. The current variation found in the ergative-like constructions is illustrated through three case-studies of dialectal microvariation: Kurdish, Balochi, and Taleshi. It is argued that the variation in the ergative constructions of the modern languages should be viewed as resulting from the interplay of partially independent changes working through distinct sub-systems, in particular case-marking, agreement, and pronominal clitic systems, rather than in terms of monolithic shifts from one alignment type to another. From this perspective, ergativity is merely a taxonomic label for a particular constellation of case and agreement features, with no more theoretical significance than any of the other attested constellations.
Intransitivity and the Development of Ergative Alignment
Authors: Aldridge Edith 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis chapter surveys pathways that have been proposed for how ergative alignment develops diachronically in an accusative language. The most common source cited for ergative alignment is a clausal nominalization. This is because the v (or n) in the nominalization has the same case-licensing featural composition as transitive v in an ergative language: 1) the external argument in the specifier is assigned inherent (typically genitive) case; and 2) there is no structural licensing capability for an object. After reanalysis, the external argument continues to receive inherent case, and the object values nominative case with T, resulting in an ergative pattern in transitive clauses. Other proposed sources are also typically intransitive constructions lacking accusative objects and in which the external argument is assigned inherent case or is packaged as a PP, for example possessive constructions and passives