bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Oral Bromazepam as Premedicant and its Effects in Peri-operative Period - A Comparative Study with Oral Diazepam
Authors: Islam Md Sirajul , Banik Debabrata , Akhtaruzzaman AKM , Sarker Paresh Chandra , Igbal Kazi Mesbahuddin 
Published: December 2016

Anaesthetic management begins with the pre operative psychological preparation of the patient and administration of a drug or drugs selected to produce specific pharmacological responses prior to the induction of anaesthesia. Preoperative medication should increase the likelihoods that patient will enter the preoperative period free from apprehension, sedated but easily arousable and fully co-operative. A prospective randomized controlled trial was performed in adult patient of different surgical approach to see the effectiveness of bromazeparn as a premedicant and the haemodynarnic changes in patients at perioperative period. Ninety patients of ASA grade I and II, aged 20 to 50 years of both sexes undergoing different type of surgery under general anaesthesia of 30 to 150 minutes duration and were divided randomly into three groups. Control group (Group-C) has no medication preoperatively. Group-D were given oral diazepam 5 mg at night before the operation and 5 mg at morning on the day of operation and Group- B were given bromazeparn 3 mg at night before and 3 mg at morning on the day of operation. Observations were carried in during preoperative assessment on the day before surgery, in the anaesthetic room at morning, before induction and in postoperative ward (after extubation). Anxiety level was measured by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), which was reduced significantly at morning on the day of operation, before induction and 24 hrs after operation in Group-B (p< 0.001). Pulse rate, blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) at different time in perioperative period (in Group-D and group Group-B) was stable in comparison to Group-C (p<0.001). Sedation score that was measured at morning on the day of operation before induction in different groups was seen and found that in Group-D, (36.66%) patients were drowsy but responds to verbal commands in comparison to Group-B (6.66%) (p<0.001). Recovery statuses were measured by Aldrete Recovery Score and have seen recovery scores was better in bromazepam taken group (73.33%) in comparison to diazepam taken group (56.66%). Postoperatively nausea was more in diazepam taken group (20.00%) than bromazepam taken group (16.16%). It was concluded that oral bromazepam at divided dose as a premedicant relief anxiety, and patients are haemodynamically stable in perioperative period with a well recovery. Journal of BSA, Vol. 18, No. 1 & 2, 2005 p.22-30
Effect of Low Dose Propranonol on Perioperative Stress Induced Hemodynamic Changes in Upper Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Saha Dilip Kumar , Kader Md Abdul , Kamal Md Mostofa , Akhtaruzzaman AKM , Iqbal KM 
Published: December 2016

Stress response is accompanied by an increased traffic in sympathetic efferent tracts resulting in potentially severe hypertension, tachycardia and is associated with post-operative morbidity. Study establishes the assumption that ‘stress free' general anesthesia is necessarily advantageous. A recent study has suggested that different pre-medication may lead to an alteration in sympatho-adrenal stress response during surgery. Several agents and regimens have been devised to control this stress induced haemodynamic responses including alphablocker droperidol, lignocaine, low dose opioid and cervical extradural blockade. It has been demonstrated that beta-adrenoceptor blocker, in therapeutic doses, caused only modest reduction in cardiac output while decreasing the incidence of arrhythmia and myocardial ischaemia after laryngoscopy and intubation. It is recommended that their administration to be continued until the day of surgery. Even a single dose of a beta-blocker given as a premedication decreases the incidence of episodes of myocardial ischaemia. Atenolol, a selective beta-blocker, per oral significantly reduces cardiovascular morbidity in non-cardiac surgery. Propranolol, a non-selective beta-blocker, has an added advantage of alleviating effect in anxiety. In addition, cost of propranolol is generally low and the systems required to use them according to the protocol used in this study are already in place. This prospective study was performed to establish its effects on per-operative haemodynamic response in non-cardiac surgery. The effect of propranolol on heart rate, systolic arterial pressure and derived value rate pressure product (RPP) on peri-operative period was significantly different from that of placebo effect. The result showed that propranolol significantly reduces heart rate, SAP & thus RPP & reduces peri-operative morbidity and mortality. Journal of BSA, Vol. 19, No. 1 & 2, 2006 p.14-19
Comparative Study of Haemodynamic Changes between Endotracheal Intubations and LMA Insertion
Authors: Harun-or-Rashid Md , Meftahuzzaman ASM , Islam Manirul , Aktaruzzaman AKM 
Published: December 2016

To compare the haemodynamic changes between LMA insertion & endotracheal intubation, 60 patients were assigned randomly to one of the two groups of thirty each. They were grouped randomly by card sampling. Every patient included in the study was allowed a card preoperatively. According to the card number patients were grouped. Group A. Airway was maintained by LMA. Group B: Airway was maintained by ETT. Haemodynamic parameter i.e. pulse rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and presence of any dysrhythmia were monitored after 1,3,5 & 10 minutes after LMA insertion or ETT intubations. There was statistically significant changes (P<0.05) in pulse rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and (appearance of dysrhythmia in some patients) in group ti patients whereas there was less changes in pulse rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure whose airway was maintained by LMA insertion (Group-A). We conclude that LMA insertion causes less Haemodynamic changes than that of endotracheal intubation. So LMA insertion is safer than ETT intubations in some selected patients. Journal of BSA, Vol. 19, No. 1 & 2, 2006 p.28-32
Needs of Terminally ill Patients and their Families: An Experience with Fifty-three Patients Attending a Newly Organized Palliative Care Service in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmad Nezamuddin , Kamal Mustafa , Anwar AHM Mostak , Rahman AKM Shafiqur 
Published: December 2016

Objective: To identify the needed care of the terminally ill patients and their families in Bangladesh Design: Retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study Setting: Out Patient Consultation, referred admitted patients and home care visits by the same palliative care team of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Participants: 53 terminally ill cancer patients registered with the palliative care service of BSMMU Results: Age range of 22 to 80 years, mostly from middle to poor class. Most of the patients needed relief from pain, anxiety, sleeplessness and constipation along with other symptom relief. Major concern of patients was financial whereas major concern of family members was not to inform the patient of the disease status.. Preferred site of care was at home when uncertainty about the disease status was reduced. Conclusion: even if a ‘good life' is not possible for all the people of Bangladesh, ‘a good death for most of the patients suffering from incurable diseases can be an affordable reality. Key words: need, symptom assessment, palliative care, Bangladesh Journal of BSA, Vol. 19, No. 1 & 2, 2006 p.38-43
Role of Dexamethasone on Reducing Post Tonsillectomy Morbidities
Authors: Yasmin Rubina , Khan Zamir Hossain , Alam SM Shafiqul 
Published: December 2016

Pain, nausea, vomiting, oedema and poor oral intake are the most common morbidities after general anesthesia and surgery like tonsillectomy. This study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous dexamethasone (0.15mg/kg) at induction of anaesthesia on post tonsillectomy morbidities. In this prospective randomized double blind study, sixty children of age between 8-12 years, ASA I & II undergoing tonsillectomy under general anaesthesia were randomly assigned into two equal groups of 30 each. They received dexamethasone IV or saline (control) following induction of anaesthesia. Both anesthetic and surgical techniques were standardized. Post operative pain was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS). Inj. Tramadol 1mg/kg in first 6 hrs and oral paracetamol 10mg/kg in next 24 hrs were administered as rescue analgesic. Incidence of nausea, vomiting, time and quantity of first oral intake were also noted. Patients receiving dexamethasone experienced significantly less pain, nausea and vomiting than control group throughout 24 hrs. Lesser patients required rescue analgesics (23.33% vs. 46.67%) in first 6 hrs. So, it is found that, single intravenous dose of dexamethasone (0.15mg/kg) provided significant analgesia, reduced nausea, vomiting and improved quality of oral intake in paediatric patients who underwent tonsillectomy. Journal of BSA, Vol. 20, No. 1, January 2007 p.13-17
Nutritional Support To Critically Ill Patients - A Comparative Study Between Branded and Homemade Preparations
Authors: Lateef Kazi Ashkar , Maruf Abdullah Al , Chowdhury Iqbal Hossain , Reza Sayeed Mahmud Ali , Rahman AKM Shafiqur 
Published: December 2016

We have evaluated the effectiveness of nutritional support to critically ill patients undergoing treatment in ICU. We provided commercially prepared branded food in one group and compared this, with those of homemade preparations. Fifty adult critically ill patients getting treatment in ICU aged between 20 to 60 years having no diabetes, hypertension, ischaemic heart disease and chronic renal failure, were scheduled for providing enterai nutritional support. They were randomly allocated into two groups. Group A (n=25) received commercially prepared branded food containing balanced food consisting of protein, fat, and carbohydrate in calculated proportion. The aim was to provide 2500 Kcal of energy per day for an average adult in his/her critical state. Group B (n=25) received homemade food preparations in proper proportion of those of group A and of equal calories. The purpose of the study was to assess, formulate and compare the efficacy, tolerability and cost effectiveness of homemade prepared food with commercially formulated branded food in maintaining nutritional status of critically ill patient in ICU. Patient's nutritional assessment was done before the commencement of nutritional support, Nutritional assessment was repeated weekly for successive two weeks. Group A showed better result than Group B, significant improvement has been observed also in group B and the differences between two groups are statistically not significant Both the methods of nutritional support were adequate and effective in maintaining the nutritional status. Considering the poor socioeconomic environment in an under developed country like Bangladesh, a less costly homemade preparation can be an effective alternative over the branded food. Journal of BSA, Vol. 20, No. 1, January 2007 p.18-23
Sedation for ERCP - Comparison Between Ketamine Diazepam Combination with Propofol Fntanyl Combination
Authors: Chowdhury Iqbal Hossain , Maruf Abdullah Al , Lateef Kazi Ashkar , Reza Sayeed Mahmud Ali , Hye M Abdul 
Published: December 2016

For Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-pancreatography, an anaesthesiologist usually administers sedation to patient and search for more suitable regimen continues. This prospective randomized study was carried out to compare the efficacy, safety, tolerability and cost effectiveness of ketamine, diazepam combination to propofol, fentanyl combination for sedation during ERCP. One hundred and fifty patients of both sex, age between 18 to 70 years, ASA physical status I and II scheduled to undergo ERCP were included in this study. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups. Group A (n=75) sedated with ketamine 1.5mg/Kg body weight and diazepam 5-10 mg intravenously. Group B (n=75) sedated with propofol 1mg/Kg body weight and fentanyl 1μg/Kg body weight intravenously and intravenous infusion of propofol maintained at 50μg/Kg body weight/min throughout procedure. Both groups showed satisfactory sedating condition for ERCP. Incidences of hypertension and tachycardia were more in group A than group B and differences between two groups were statistically significant (P< 0.01). Agitation and nightmares were found in 10 (13.33%) patients in group A. Mean recovery time was more in group A than group B and difference between two groups was statistically highly significant (P<0.001). Sedation regimen of group B found 7 times more costly than group A. Both regimens found safe, effective, and tolerable for ERCP. However, recovery time is more with ketamine, diazepam but it found more cost effective than propofol fentanyl that is a concern in developing country like Bangladesh. Key Words: Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), Sedation, Ketamine, Diazepam, Propofol, Fentanyl, Intravenous. Journal of BSA, Vol. 20, No. 2, July 2007 p.45-50
Post-Operative Complications of Illeal Perforation: Experienced of 100 Patients in Bangladesh
Authors: Begum Mahbuba , Majid MA , Joarder Ruhul Hasan , Rahman Mostafizur , Debnath Bidyut Chandra , Mohammad Abu Sayeed , Begum Wahida , Mohammad Din 
Published: December 2016

Background: Ileal perforation is a serious surgical emergency. Objective: The objective of the present study was to see the post-operative complications of ileal perforation patients. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Surgery at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from September 2000 to December 2002 for period of 2 years and 3 months. All the patients presented with ileal perforation at any age with both sexes were included in this study. Patients were selected consecutively and the patients who showed ileal perforation at laparotomy were included in this study. A standard protocol was filled up for every patient. Preoperative diagnosis was based on detailed history, complete physical examinations supported by plain x-ray abdomen in erect posture including both domes of diaphragm. After immediate resuscitation surgical treatment was undertaken as soon as possible following admission in all cases. Surgical procedures included simple repair, wedge resection and repair, resection and anastomosis, right hemi colectomy and temporary ileostomy. Histopathological examination of tissues from the margin of perforation and mesenteric lymph nodes were carried out in almost all cases. Result: Out of 100 patients complications were observed in 53 patients. Thus, incidence of complication was 53%. In 47 patients postoperative period was uneventful. Most of the complications were observed around 3rd to 5th post-operative day. Wound infection was the most common complication and noted in 4th to 7th postoperative day. Respiratory complications were also common and mostly observed on 2"dpostoperative day. All these patients presented with loose motion and lower abdominal pain on 3rd postoperative day. Faecal fistula developed on 3rd to 5th postoperative day in 3 cases resulting from disruption of simple repair in 2 cases and anastomotic leakage in 1 case who later died complicated by septicemia and multi-organ failure. Conclusion: Wound infection is the most common post-operative complication followed by septicemia and respiratory complication.Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2016;3(1):2-5
Distribution and Determinants of Ludwigs Angina: Experience of 30 Cases in Bangladesh
Authors: Razib Syed Farhan Ali , Banerjee Sanjay , Uddin Md. Mosleh , Shameeussalam Kazi , Rahman Mohammad Mashiur 
Published: December 2016

Background: Ludwigs angina produces a serious morbidity. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the risk factors, treatment response of the antibiotics and complication of the Ludwigs angina, which will help in prevention and management of this potentially dangerous condition. Methodology: A prospective study was carried out from September 2014 to August 2015 at the department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck surgery of Banghabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), BIRDEM general hospital and DMCH. This study included 30 patients with Ludwigs angina. In this study minimum age, maximum age and mean age were taken. Result: Highest numbers of patients were in the 3rd decade of life. Out of 30 patients, male were 70% and female were 30%. Majority of the patients (76.59%) were from rural area. And the nutritional statuses of the patients were below average. Almost all the patients came with the complaints of neck swelling, pain and fever. Dental infection was the commonest source of infection. Here growth of colony found 76.67% and Streptococci (strep. Viridans) was found in 30% cases. Maximum patients were treated by parental antibiotics with surgical drainage. Eight patients developed complications, and five patients died in this series. Average hospital stays of the patients were 11.2 days. Conclusion: Most of the patients are male with poor socioeconomic class and Streptococci Viridans is the commonest organism. Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2016;3(1):16-21
Clinico-demographic Characteristics of Colorectal Carcinoma in Bangladeshi Patients
Authors: Raza AKM Maruf , Kamal Mohammed , Begum Ferdousy , Yusuf Md. Abdullah , Mohammad Din , Begum Mahbuba , Talukder Abdur Rabban 
Published: December 2016

Background: Colorectal carcinoma is one of the most common human malignancies worldwide. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to see the clinico-demographic Characteristics of colorectal carcinoma. Methodology: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Pathology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period of November 2009 to July 2010. Patients with colorectal carcinoma from all ages and both sexes were included in the study. Detailed clinical information was obtained by taking history from patient's attendants statement. Fresh unfixed specimens were obtained after surgical resection. Result: A total of 50 cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma from all ages and both sexes were included in the study. The mean age of the 50 cases was 47±14.8 years. Per rectal bleeding was the most common clinical presentation of colorectal carcinoma which was 20(40.0%) cases followed by abdominal pain, altered bowel habit, generalized weakness, anorexia and pallor and p/r bleeding and abdominal pain which were 8(16.0%) cases, 7(14.0%) cases, 6(12.0%) cases and 6(12.0%) cases respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion middle age male patients are the most vulnerable for colorectal carcinoma with common presenting features of per rectal bleeding, abdominal pain and altered bowel habit. Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2016;3(1):22-25
Effect of Pulse Jet MQL in Surface Milling of Hardened Steel
Authors: Bashir Mahmood Al , Mia Mozammel , Dhar Nikhil Ranjan 
Published: December 2016

Minimum quantity lubricant (MQL) machining is an emerging cooling technology that ensuresgreen machining. In this research work, an innovative design for the application of MQL in the form of pulse jet was created, following the development of that applicator. The surface milling of AISI 4140 steel, heat treated to 40 HRC, was investigated with pulse jet minimum quantity lubricant applicator using VG-68 grade straight cut cutting oil as the cutting fluid in respect of cutting force, surface roughness and tool flank wear with machining time. Four flute carbide end mill cutter was used to investigate the change in tool wear, and compared with thatof the dry condition. The result and analysis indicate that this pulse jet MQL applicator can be utilized in hard milling operation to ensure better surface finish and minimal tool wear and cutting force.
MULTIPLE PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OPTIMIZATION OF HARD TURNING OPERATIONS USING UTILITY BASED-TAGUCHI APPROACH
Authors: Varma K Rahul , Kaladhar M. 
Published: December 2016

In order to sustain in the global competitive scenario, the manufacturing industries have beenpracticing the various tools to achieve the high quality products at lower cost. Selection of appropriate cutting conditions is necessary to improve machinabilty of a work piece material. The present work objective is to find out the optimum cutting parameters in turning of hardened AISI M2 steel using cryogenically treated cutting inserts. The Utility concept coupled with Taguchi approach was employed to optimize both surface roughness and power consumption simultaneously. According to Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results, the feed was the major dominant factor followed by the cutting speed on multiple performance characteristics. The necessary optimum conditions for multiple performance characteristics optimization were obtained as cutting speed of 100 m/min, feed 0.04 mm/rev and depth of cut of 0.2 mm.
The Effect of Copper and Brass on Friction Stir Welded Dissimilar Aluminium Alloy When Used as in Thin Sheet Form
Authors: Krishna G. Gopala , Reddy P.Ram , Hussain M.Manzoor 
Published: December 2016

In recent years aluminium and aluminium alloys are most widely used in many applications because of light weight, good formability and malleability, corrosion resistance, moderate strength and low cost. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process is efficient and cost effective method for welding aluminium and aluminium alloys. FSW is a solid state welding process that means the material is not melted during the process. Complete welding process accomplishes below the melting point of materials so it overcomes many welding defects that usually happens with conventional fusion welding technique which were initially used for low melting materials. Though this process is initially developed for low melting materials but now process is widely used for a variety of other materials including titanium, steel and also for composites. The present butt jointed FSW experimental work has been done in two ways. Initially a comparison of tensile properties of friction stir (FS) welded similar aluminium alloy (AA6351 with AA6351) and dissimilar aluminium alloy (AA6351 with AA5083) combinations. Later the effect of impurities (copper and brass) in sheet form (0.1 mm thick) when used as insert in between two dissimilar aluminium alloy (AA6351 with AA5083) plates during FSW. Tensile tests were performed for these combinations and results were compared for with and without using strip material (copper and brass).
Dimensionless analysis for modelling surface finish in conventional investment casting
Authors: Singh Rupinder , Singh Sunpreet 
Published: December 2016

High level surface finish (SF) achievement is one of the major advantages of conventional investment casting process. Not much work hitherto has been reported for modeling the SF in conventional investment casting of industrial components. In the present study application of dimensionless analysis, has been made for developing a mathematical model for SF. Three input process parameters (namely: molten metal pouring temperature (PT), slurry layers combination (LC) and volume/surface-area (V/A) ratio of cast components) were judicially selected to give SF as output. This study provide main effects of these input parameters on SFand shed light on the SF mechanism in conventional investment casting. The comparison of mathematical model with experimental results has been made for validation of model.