bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nodal Solutions for a Class of Degenerate Boundary Value Problems
Authors: López-Gómez J. , Rabinowitz P. H. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
This paper studies the existence of nodal solutions for a class of boundary value problems that arise in population dynamics models. These problems are degenerate in the sense that the nonlinear term vanishes in a subinterval of the underlying region. In contrast to the non-degenerate case, in these degenerate situations the structure of the set of nodal solutions might consist of several components, making the analysis of this problem more complicated. This paper provides an initial step towards the solution of this general problem.
Five Gaps in Mathematics
Authors: Bahri Abbas 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In this article we present a careful survey and critique of 5 landmark results and methods that seem to have played a pivotal role in the development of Mathematics since 1984. This article conveys the slow development of our understanding over the years and could not have been possible without the numerous communications with some authors of these articles as well as conversations with other friends and collaborators. The key contribution and the kindness of these colleagues is hereby gratefully acknowledged.
Stable Transition Layers to Singularly Perturbed Spatially Inhomogeneous Allen-Cahn Equation
Authors: Nascimento Arnaldo Simal do , Sônego Maicon 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
We use the variational concept of Γ-convergence to prove existence, stability and exhibit the geometric structure of four families of stationary solutions to the singularly perturbed parabolic equation ut = ε2Δu + u[a2(x) − u2], for (t, x) ∈ ℝ+ × Ω, where Ω ⊂ ℝ2 and a is positive, supplied with no-flux boundary condition. Let γ ⊂ Ω be a smooth simple closed curve and N(γ) a narrow tubular neighborhood of γ. Roughly speaking, the sufficient condition found for existence of such solutions relates the geometric profile of the function a in N(γ) to the signed curvature of γ .
Liouville-type Theorems for Polyharmonic Hénon-Lane-Emden System
Authors: Phan Quoc Hung 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe study Liouville-type theorem for polyharmonic Hénon-Lane-Emden system (−Δ)mu = |x|avp, (−Δ)mv = |x|buqwhen m, p, q ≥ 1, pq ≠ 1, and a, b ≥ 0. It is a natural conjecture that the nonexistence of positive solutions should be true if and only if (N + a)/(p + 1)+ (N + b)/(q + 1) > N − 2m. It is shown by Fazly[6] that the conjecture holds for radial solutions in all dimensions and for classical solutions in dimension N ≤ 2m + 1. We here give some partial results in dimension N ≥ 2m + 2.
A Pseudo-gradient Flow Arising In Contact Form Geometry
Authors: Xu Yongzhong 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In this work we construct a pseudo-gradient flow on a subspace Cβ of the dual Legendrian curves on a closed contact 3-manifold. These results improve and refine earlier results proved in this framework by A. Bahri [3]. The variational problem involved is not compact, thus asymptotes and critical points at infinity might occur. The flow in this work deforms curves in Cβ into a special set Uk∈ℕ Γ2k of curves at infinity and thus allows us a better understanding of this non-compact problem.
Borderline Variational Problems Involving Fractional Laplacians and Critical Singularities
Authors: Ghoussoub Nassif , Shakerian Shaya 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
We consider the problem of attainability of the best constant C > 0 in the following critical fractional Hardy-Sobolev inequality: For all ,

,
where and γ ∈ ℝ. This allows us to establish the existence of nontrivial weak solutions for the following doubly critical problem on ℝn,

,
where is the critical α-fractional Sobolev exponent, and , the latter being the best fractional Hardy constant on ℝn.
Infinitely Many Spiky Solutions for a Hénon Type Biharmonic Equation with Critical Growth
Authors: Hao Jianghao , Zhang Yajing , Chen Xinfu 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Following the constructive method of Wei and Yan [29], with new ingredients to take care of high-space dimensions, we prove the existence of infinitely many solutions of the nonlinear biharmonic equation in the unit ball of ℝn (n ≥ 6, α > 0) with the Navier conditions v = Δv = 0 on the boundary.
Multiplicity of Positive Solutions for Second Order Nonlinear Dirichlet Problem with One-dimension Minkowski-Curvature Operator
Authors: Ma Ruyun , Lu Yanqiong 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In this work, we study the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions for nonlinear Dirichlet problem with one-dimension Minkowski-curvature operator

,
where k > 0 is a constant, λ > 0 is a parameter and f : [0,∞) → ℝ is continuous. We apply the quadrature arguments to prove how changes in the sign of f (u) lead to multiple positive solutions of the above problem for sufficiently large λ.
Initial Trace of Solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi Parabolic Equation with Absorption
Authors: Bidaut-Véron Marie-Françoise , Dao Nguyen Anh 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In this article we study the initial trace problem for the nonnegative solutions of equation
ut − Δu + |∇u|q = 0
in QΩ,T = Ω ×(0, T) , where q > 0, and Ω = ℝN, or Ω is a bounded domain of ℝN and u = 0 on ∂Ω × (0, T) . We define the trace at t = 0 as a Borel measure (S, u0), infinite on a closed set S, where u0 is a Radon measure on Ω\S. We prove that the trace is a Radon measure when q ≦1. We study the existence for q ∈ (1, (N +2)/(N +1) and any given (S, u0). When S = ω̅ Ⴖ Ω(ω ⊂ ΩΩ, ω open) existence is valid for q ≦ 2 when u0 ∈ Lloc
1 loc (Ω) , for q > 1 when u0 = 0. In particular there exists a self-similar nonradial solution with trace (ℝN+, 0), with a growth rate of order |x|q/(q−1) as |x| → ∞ for fixed t. Moreover the solutions with trace (ω̅, 0) in , may present a growth rate of order t−1/(q−1) in ω and of order t−(2−q)/(q−1) on ∂ω.
Infinitely Many Solutions for Mixed Elliptic Problems Involving the p−Laplacian
Authors: Bonanno Gabriele , D’Aguí Giuseppina , Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In this paper the existence of infinitely many solutions for nonlinear elliptic problems involving the p-Laplacian operator with mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions is established. The key assumption is a suitable oscillating behavior, either at infinity or at zero, of the nonlinearity. The approach is based on the critical point theory.
Weighted Fractional Sobolev Inequality in ℝ
N
Authors: Chen Xiaoli , Yang Jianfu 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we show that the minimizing problem

Λ

s
,
N
,
k
,
α

=

inf

u
∈

H
˙

s

⁢

(

ℝ
N

)

,

u
≢
0

⁡

∫

ℝ
N

|

(

-
Δ

)

s
2

⁢
u
⁢

(
x
)

|

2

⁢

𝑑
x

(

∫

ℝ
N

|

u
⁢

(
x
)

|

2

s
,
α

*

|
y
|

α

⁢

𝑑
x

)

2

2

s
,
α

*

$\Lambda_{s,N,k,\alpha}=\inf_{u\in\dot{H}^{s}(\mathbb{R}^{N}),u\not\equiv 0}% \frac{\int_{\mathbb{R}^{N}}|(-\Delta)^{\frac{s}{2}}u(x)|^{2}\,dx}{\bigl{(}\int% _{\mathbb{R}^{N}}\frac{|u(x)|^{2^{*}_{s,\alpha}}}{|y|^{\alpha}}\,dx\bigr{)}^{% \frac{2}{2^{*}_{s,\alpha}}}}$

is achieved by a positive, cylindrically symmetric and strictly decreasing function

u
⁢

(
x
)

${u(x)}$

provided

0
<
s
<

N
2

${0<s<\frac{N}{2}}$

,

0
<
α
<

2
⁢
s

${0<\alpha<2s}$

, where

x
=

(
y
,
z
)

∈

ℝ
k

×

ℝ

N
-
k

${x=(y,z)\in\mathbb{R}^{k}\times\mathbb{R}^{N-k}}$

and

2

s
,
α

*

=

2
⁢

(

N
-
α

)

N
-

2
⁢
s

${2^{*}_{s,\alpha}=\frac{2(N-\alpha)}{N-2s}}$

. Decaying laws for the minimizer u are also established.
Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of macerated vessels of 23 mixed tropical hardwood (MTH) species: a data collection for the identification of wood species in pulp and paper
Authors: Helmling Stephanie , Olbrich Andrea , Tepe Lena , Koch Gerald 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The identification of wood species in paper products is highly important for the enforcement of the newly established timber regulations regarding the control of illegal logging. In the context of European Timber Regulation (EUTR), in the present paper a database has been established containing reference samples and anatomical descriptions for the identification of 23 tropical timbers from Southeast Asia in pulp and paper products. The vessel elements and fibers of these mixed tropical hardwoods (MTH) were characterized by light microscopy. The woods in focus were macerated, embedded and compared visually and statistically. The collected microscopic data and images are helpful for the identification of the wood species used for paper production.
Reduction of aldehydes and terpenes within pine wood by microbial activity
Authors: Widhalm Bernhard , Ters Thomas , Srebotnik Ewald , Rieder-Gradinger Cornelia 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Aldehydes and terpenes are the most frequently emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the wood-processing industry. These emissions are classified as injurious to health and hazardous to the environment. To address this problem, the growth conditions have been identified under which bacteria extensively degrade both aldehydes and particularly terpenes in pine wood particles as a raw material for the production of particle boards. In this study, the focus was on pentanal and hexanal (aldehydes) as well as α- and β-pinene (terpenes). Bacterial strains were selected for their ability to metabolize α-pinene as single carbon source in liquid culture medium. α-Pinene degradation was then determined by gas chromatography (GC) analysis. Strains belonging to the genus Pseudomonas showed the best results (98% degradation after 72 h). Comparably good results were also achieved with the thermophilic strain Bacillus pallidus (90% degradation) at 55°C. Furthermore, an adapted mixed culture of Pseudomonas species was inoculated onto wood particles and incubated at room temperature for 3 days. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) measurements of emitted volatiles and subsequent gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis indicated a complete removal (100%) of aldehydes and, even more importantly, α- and β-pinene. Pre-treatment of unsterile pine wood particles with Pseudomonas species may have potential for industrial application.
Physics-Based Constitutive Model to Predict Dynamic Recovery Behavior of BFe10-1-2 Cupronickel Alloy during Hot Working
Authors: Cai Jun , Zhang Xiaolu , Wang Kuaishe , Miao Chengpeng 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe hot deformation behavior of BFe10-1-2 cupronickel alloy was investigated over wide ranges of deformation temperature and strain rate. The physics-based constitutive model was developed to predict the dynamic recovery (DRV) behavior of BFe10-1-2 cupronickel alloy at elevated temperatures. In order to verify the validity of the developed constitutive equation, the correlation coefficient (R) and average absolute relative error (AARE) were introduced to make statistics. The results indicated that the developed constitutive equation lead a good agreement between the calculated and experimental data and can accurately characterize the hot DRV behaviors for the BFe10-1-2 cupronickel alloy.
Modeling the Hot Deformation Behaviors of As-Extruded 7075 Aluminum Alloy by an Artificial Neural Network with Back-Propagation Algorithm
Authors: Quan Guo-zheng , Zou Zhen-yu , Wang Tong , Liu Bo , Li Jun-chao 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In order to investigate the hot deformation behaviors of as-extruded 7075 aluminum alloy, the isothermal compressive tests were conducted at the temperatures of 573, 623, 673 and 723 K and the strain rates of 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 s−1 on a Gleeble 1500 thermo-mechanical simulator. The flow behaviors showing complex characteristics are sensitive to strain, strain rate and temperature. The effects of strain, temperature and strain rate on flow stress were analyzed and dynamic recrystallization (DRX)-type softening characteristics of the flow behaviors with single peak were identified. An artificial neural network (ANN) with back-propagation (BP) algorithm was developed to deal with the complex deformation behavior characteristics based on the experimental data. The performance of ANN model has been evaluated in terms of correlation coefficient (R) and average absolute relative error (AARE). A comparative study on Arrhenius-type constitutive equation and ANN model for as-extruded 7075 aluminum alloy was conducted. Finally, the ANN model was successfully applied to the development of processing map and implanted into finite element simulation. The results have sufficiently articulated that the well-trained ANN model with BP algorithm has excellent capability to deal with the complex flow behaviors of as-extruded 7075 aluminum alloy and has great application potentiality in hot deformation processes.
Preparation of Co3O4 Nanostructures via a Hydrothermal- Assisted Thermal Treatment Method by Using of New Precursors
Authors: Gholamrezaei Sousan , Salavati-Niasari Masoud , Hadadzadeh Hassan , Behnamfar Mohammad Taghi 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Co3O4 nanostructures have been synthesized via a hydrothermal-assisted thermal treatment process. A new complex formulated as [Co(py)2(H2O)2(NO3)2] was synthesized, and then used to prepare Co3O4 nanostructures. Cubic phase of spinel Co3O4 nanostructures with particle size of about 39 nm could be produced after calcination of the Co(OH)2 materials prepared with hydrothermal method at 160 °C for 15 h. Using of inorganic precursors decreased the time and temperature of Co3O4 preparation. The effect of pH on the morphology of the product s synthesized by hydrothermal reactions was investigated. It was found that the best morphology was achieved on pH=8, where was not prepared any precipitation. In this method, we could decrease the reaction temperature in synthetic rout to fabricate Co3O4 nanostructures. Nanostructures were characterized by SEM, TEM, X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–visible, Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR).
Helmet use of adolescent cyclists at Crescent School in Toronto, Canada
Authors: Chow Ronald , Hollenberg Drew , Pintilie Alexandru , Midroni Cooper , Cumner Stuart 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Numerous studies have highlighted that bicycle helmets reduce the risk of head injury; the purpose of this study was to determine the helmet-wearing rate of adolescent boys and the reasons for those who do not wear helmets. A questionnaire was developed and completed by 257 students. A higher percentage of older students reported a long bike commute to school (over 20 min). The frequency of helmet use and awareness of helmet legislation was lower amongst the older students. Common reasons for not using a helmet across all ages included its uncomfortable nature, the confidence of the rider’s cycling ability to not crash, and negligence. Further reminders and educational sessions regarding the importance of helmets could help to increase the helmet use of students across the grades.
Lexical richness and collocational competence in second-language writing
Authors: Vedder Ineke , Benigno Veronica 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn this article we report on an experiment set up to investigate lexical richness and collocational competence in the written production of 39 low-intermediate and intermediate learners of Italian L2. Lexical richness was assessed by means of a lexical profiling method inspired by
Hydroxycitric acid ameliorates high-fructose-induced redox imbalance and activation of stress sensitive kinases in male Wistar rats
Authors: Sripradha Ramalingam , Sridhar Magadi Gopalakrishna , Maithilikarpagaselvi Nachimuthu 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Background: Excess fructose consumption causes dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and various complications. Hydroxycitric acid (HCA), one of the principal components of the fruit Garcinia cambogia, has been shown to possess antiobesity properties. The objective was to investigate the effects of HCA on redox imbalance and activation of stress sensitive kinases in high fructose-fed rats.

Methods: Male Wistar rats (n=40) were randomly divided into four groups with 10 rats in each group. The rats were fed with either standard rodent diet or 60% fructose diet and administered with HCA at a dose of 400 mg/kg body wt/day for 10 weeks. Body weight was measured once a week, and food intake was noted daily. At the end of the study, lipid profile and oxidative stress parameters were estimated. Expressions of stress sensitive kinases were analyzed in liver homogenates.

Results: Fructose-fed rats displayed elevated body weight, higher levels of plasma total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non HDL-C), malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), lower levels of HDL-C, glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total antioxidant status (TAS). Fructose feeding caused higher phosphorylation of stress sensitive kinases ERK ½ and p38. Administration with HCA lowered body weight, food intake, TAG, non-HDL-C, MDA, TOS, and OSI and elevated GSH, GPx, and TAS levels. Reduced phosphorylation of ERK ½ and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was observed upon HCA treatment.

Conclusions: Thus, HCA improved fructose induced redox imbalance and activation of stress sensitive kinases through its hypolipidemic effects.
An Integrated Approach of Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS to Select Logistics Service Provider
Authors: Kishore Ponnuboina , Padmanabhan G. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn India, Manufacturing companies are primarily being concentrated on the production activities which led to drastic improvement of outsourcing logistics process to third party logistics (3PLS), consequently a strong outsourcing logistics can be observed over the next two decades for the development of a company. It may therefore be noted that the enhancement and extrusion are necessary in order to effectively asses risk and opportunities. To achieve this, the best logistics service provider which leads to the growth of organisation and industry has to be selected. The present work aims at the integration of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) in Fuzzy environment. The integration is carried out with more consistency while evaluating and selecting the best Logistics service provider based on ten coordination criteria viz. Custom Clearance, On Time Delivery, Number of Customers Handled, Placement Percentage, Tracking Status, Service Quality, Solving of Issues, Collecting Proof of Delivery, Region and Price. Fuzzy AHP is used to calculate relative weights of each coordination criterion. Logistics service providers are ranked based on closeness coefficient, calculated for each LSP using Fuzzy TOPSIS. By this method the LSP5 has selected as best logistic service provider among the seven LSP for battery manufacturing company.
Predation upon small mammals by Caluromys lanatus (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) and Callithrix penicillata (Primates: Callitrichidae) in the Brazilian savanna
Authors: de Camargo Nícholas F. , Sano Nayara Y. , Vieira Emerson M. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The identification of interactions by predation in field can be considered as valuable complementary information for studies on feeding and interaction ecology. Here we report and describe two cases of opportunistic predation upon small mammals in forests of the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado): by the didelphid brown-eared woolly opossum Caluromys lanatus on the sigmodontine rodent Rhipidomys macrurus, and by the black-tufted-ear marmoset Callithrix penicillata on the didelphid Gracilianus agilis. Our observations suggest that opportunistic predation events on vertebrates can be advantageous for animals that feed mainly on plant items, as a way to obtain protein-rich resources.
Super-Truth & Direct Reference
Authors: Gabriel John 
Published: March 2016

AbstractProponents of supervaluationism claim super-truth, i. e., truth on every admissible precisification, is identical to truth or, at least, is a suitable truth proxy. I object that super-truth is neither identical to nor a suitable proxy for truth. I argue that to claim a statement is super-true is simply to maintain that a certain counterfactual holds, and that a claim is true, counterfactually, is no reason to treat it as true. I further argue that, with super-truth undermined, Roy Sorensen’s objection that supervaluationism cannot accommodate vague directly referential terms presents supervaluationism’s defenders with a significant challenge.
Where are Universals?
Authors: Peacock Howard 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
It is often claimed that realists about universals must be either “platonists”, holding that universals lack spatio-temporal location, or “aristotelians”, asserting that universals are located where their instances are. What’s more, both camps agree that locatedness or unlocatedness is part of the essential nature of universals; consequently, aristotelians say that universals cannot exist un located, and platonists allege that universals cannot be located. Here I argue that the dispute may be resolved by synthesizing the most attractive features of each position. I claim that universals are located at their instances when instantiated by particulars which themselves possess a spatio-temporal location; however, uninstantiated universals exist without location. This has the consequence that it will often be a contingent matter whether a given universal has a location, if the universal is only contingently instantiated. Nevertheless, I claim, objections to this position may be overcome.
The thematic structure of homepages: An exploratory systemic-functional account
Authors: Alvin Leong Ping 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe visual social semiotic approach, based on Halliday’s systemic functional linguistics (SFL), is widely used in studies on multimodal texts. As SFL is a framework focusing on the functions of language, several SFL categories are re-conceptualized in visual social semiotics to handle the analysis and interplay of extra-linguistic features; other categories, however, are excluded. A consequence is that any insights offered by these excluded categories in multimodal texts remain obscured. This paper focused on one such category, theme, as a generator of expectations. It analyzed the thematic structure of twenty homepages to show that the different SFL themes are applicable and evident in such multimodal texts. It underscores the importance of theme as a point of departure of any discourse, textual or otherwise, allowing us to form expectations about how the rest of the discourse may be acceptably developed.
The free slave paradox
Authors: Miller Zea 
Published: March 2016

AbstractTo the extent that “runaway slave” and “free slave” express the same content, yet one is readily understood and the other is not, the difference exposes a cultural blindness to some of the outdated ways in which oppressive language still operates. This article processes the expression “runaway slave” through several semiotic models to examine its structural incoherence and then explores the ways in which it is paradoxically understood, even so, as functions of racist cognitive frames issuing from white investments in the language. By exposing how the expression presents interdisciplinary issues, the article thereby advances an argument against its unexamined use and proposes an alternative.