bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurses’ Perceptions on the Overuse of Health Services: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ellen Moriah E. , Perlman Saritte ,   Nursing Students Research Group
Published: January 2018

AbstractPurposeTo examine whether nurses in Israel think there is overuse of health services, the reasons behind the issue, and ways to reduce the overuse.DesignThis was a qualitative study using semistructured interviews. A convenience sample of community care nurses from health clinics across Israel was interviewed. Interviews focused on common areas of overuse, outcomes of overuse, causes of overuse, and potential ways to address the issue. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed thematically.FindingsOveruse of antibiotics, imaging, blood tests, and prenatal surveillance were cited as main areas of health service overuse. Participants stated that negative outcomes of overuse could be seen at patient, health system, and population levels. Factors influencing overuse included patient satisfaction, physician fears, and insecurities. Potential interventions included improving physicians’ diagnostic confidence, increasing appointment times, providing patients with more treatment information, and implementing a unified computerized system across medical institutions.ConclusionsNurses mentioned physicians and patients as main actors in influencing overuse; hence, those populations should be researched further. The health system was identified as the responsible party to address the issue. Health system leaders must consider potential barriers, and investigate interventions that match current culture and context within the health system.Clinical RelevanceNurses can play an essential role in limiting overuse and mitigating subsequent harms to patients.
A mixed methods thematic review: Health‐related decision‐making by the older person
Authors: King Lindy , Harrington Ann , Linedale Ecushla , Tanner Elizabeth 
Published: January 2018

Aims and objectivesTo undertake a mixed methods thematic literature review that explored how elderly adults approached decision‐making in regard to their health care following discharge.BackgroundA critical time for appropriate health decisions occurs during hospital discharge planning with nursing staff. However, little is known how the 89% of elderly living at home make decisions regarding their health care. Research into older adults’ management of chronic conditions emerges as an important step to potentially encourage symptom monitoring, prevent missed care and detect deterioration. All should reduce the risk of hospital re‐admission.DesignA mixed methods thematic literature review was undertaken. The structure followed the PRISMA reporting guidelines for systematic reviews recommended by the EQUATOR network.MethodsPubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Scopus online databases were searched using keywords, inclusion and exclusion criteria. References drawn from relevant publications, identified by experts and published between 1995 and 2017 were also considered. Twenty‐five qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods studies and reviews were critically appraised (CASP 2013) before inclusion in the review. Analysis of each study's findings was undertaken using Braun and Clarke's (2006) steps to identify major themes and sub‐themes.ResultsFour main themes associated with health‐related decision‐making in the elderly were identified: “the importance of maintaining independence,” “decision making style,” “management of conditions at home” and “discharge planning.”ConclusionHealth care decision preferences in the elderly emerged as highly complex and influenced by multiple factors. Development of a tool to assess these components has been recommended.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses play a vital role in exploring and understanding the influence that maintaining independence has with each patient. This understanding provides an initial step toward development of a tool to assist collaboration between patients and healthcare professionals involved in their care.
The employee retention triad in health care: Exploring relationships amongst organisational justice, affective commitment and turnover intention
Authors: Perreira Tyrone A , Berta Whitney , Herbert Monique 
Published: January 2018

Aims and objectivesTo increase understanding of the relationships between organisational justice, affective commitment and turnover intention in health care.BackgroundTurnover in health care is a serious concern, as it contributes to the global nursing shortage and is associated with declines in quality of care, patient safety and patient outcomes. Turnover also impacts care teams and is associated with decreased staff cohesion and morale.MethodsA survey was developed and administered to frontline nurses working in the Province of Ontario, Canada. The data were used to test a hypothetical model developed from a review of the literature. The relationships amongst the three constructs were evaluated using structural equation modelling and mediation analysis.ResultsThe hypothesised model was generally supported, although we were limited to considerations of interpersonal justice, affective commitment to one's organisation and turnover intention. Interpersonal justice is associated with affective commitment to one's organisation, which is negatively associated with turnover intention. Interpersonal justice was also found to be directly and negatively associated with turnover intention. Affective commitment to one's organisation was also found to mediate the relationship between interpersonal justice and turnover intention.ConclusionsThe examination of relationships within the “employee retention triad” in a single, comprehensive model is novel and provides new information regarding relational complexity and insights into what healthcare leaders can do to retain employees.Relevance to clinical practiceReducing turnover may help to decrease some of the stressors related to turnover for clinical staff remaining at the organisation such as constant onboarding and orientation of new hires, working with less experienced staff and increased workload due to decreased staffing.
Effect of Different Liners on Fracture Resistance of Premolars Restored with Conventional and Short Fiber‐Reinforced Composite Resins
Authors: Shafiei Fereshteh , Doozandeh Maryam , Ghaffaripour Dordaneh 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPurposeTo see whether applying four different liners under short fiber‐reinforced composite (SFRC), everX Posterior, compared to conventional composite resin, Z250, affected their strengthening property in premolar MOD cavities.Materials and MethodsMesio‐occluso‐distal (MOD) cavities were prepared in 120 sound maxillary premolars divided into 10 groups (n = 12) in terms of two composite resin types and 4 liners or no liner. For each composite resin, in 5 groups no liner, resin‐modified glass ionomer (RMGI), conventional flowable composite (COFL), self‐adhesive flowable composite resin (SAFL), and self‐adhesive resin cement (SARC) were applied prior to restoring incrementally. After water storage and thermocycling, static fracture resistance was tested. Data (in Newtons) were analyzed using two‐way ANOVA (α = 0.05).ResultsFracture resistance was significantly affected by composite resin type (p = 0.02), but not by the liner (p > 0.05). The interaction of the two factors was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). SFRC exhibited higher fracture strength (1470 ± 200 N) compared to conventional composite resin (1350 ± 290), irrespective of the application of liners. Application of SARC and SAFL liners led to a higher number of restorable fractures for both composite resins.ConclusionsThe four liners can be used without interfering with the higher efficacy of SFRC, compared to conventional composite resins, to improve the fracture strength of premolar MOD cavities.
Polyetheretherketone Overlay Prosthesis over High Noble Ball Attachments to Overcome Base Metal Sensitivity: A Clinical Report
Authors: Zoidis Panagiotis 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA modified polyetheretherketone (PEEK) framework material in combination with heat‐polymerized denture base acrylic resin was used for the fabrication of an overlay prosthesis for a patient sensitive to base metals. High noble metal was used for the fabrication of the post/coping/ball attachment assemblies to promote retention and stability. These protruding attachments into the acrylic resin could result in stress concentration; therefore, a framework is often used to strengthen the prosthesis. PEEK frameworks could be a treatment alternative to high noble or Ti frameworks since they combine good mechanical properties with biocompatibility, reduced cost, and common laboratory procedures.
Direct Fiber‐Reinforced Interim Fixed Partial Dentures: Six‐Year Survival Study
Authors: Goguta Luciana Maria , Candea Adrian , Lungeanu Diana , Frandes Mirela , Jivanescu Anca 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPurposeMechanical and optical studies of glass fiber composites have revealed great resistance and satisfactory bonds between the glass fibers and composite resins. This study aimed to evaluate the long‐term survival of anterior and posterior direct glass fiber‐reinforced composite (FRC) fixed partial dentures (FPD).Materials and MethodsTwenty‐three patients (9 men, 14 women) aged 18 to 67 received 23 d‐FRC‐FPDs. The frameworks of the FPDs were unidirectional pre‐impregnated glass fibers (ever Stick C&B). The retainers were inlay composite resin retainers (n1 = 19) and composite resin wings (n2 = 4). The FPD that used inlay retainers and composite resin wing retainers was called the hybrid design. The mean follow‐up period was 4.91 years with 12‐month check‐ups performed by two independent operators. The survival rates of the glass fiber FPDs were determined.ResultsSix‐year survival rates for the two types of FPDs were 94.7% for the inlay retainer type versus 25% for the hybrid type, with a statistically significant difference (log‐rank test χ2(1) = 11.422, p = 0.001). The inlay retainers were functional, with only one patient with a fracture line in the connector held by the glass fibers. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves were drawn to show the difference between the two types of retainers.ConclusionAccording to the results of this study, these long‐term interim FRC‐FPD were resistant enough to allow mastication, minimally invasive and also esthetic, with inlay composite retainers as the better solution.
Using Enamel Matrix Derivative to Improve Treatment Efficacy in Periodontal Furcation Defects
Authors: Masaeli Reza , Zandsalimi Kavosh , Lotfi Zahra , Tayebi Lobat 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPurposeFurcations are complicated periodontal defects. Untreated furcations lead to loss of the involved teeth and supporting tissues. It has been demonstrated that regenerative biomaterials are beneficial in reconstruction of the bone surrounding furcation‐affected teeth. These biomaterials range from bone grafts and nonresorbable/resorbable barrier membranes to biologics that are able to trigger inactive regenerative processes in periodontal tissues. Selection of appropriate material(s) to treat furcations is challenging. The aim of this article is to provide a comparative outlook on different biomaterials applicable in regeneration of furcations with a focus on enamel matrix derivative (EMD).MethodsScientific databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and EMBASE were searched, and 28 articles were found primarily for this specific study. Full texts were studied to identify relevant studies; 17 studies were excluded because of irrelevancy, while 11 main studies were ultimately selected. Other references have been used for general statements.ResultsEMD is a protein complex widely used in the regeneration of different periodontal defects. To assess the effects of EMD for treatment of root furcations, clinical studies involving EMD with and without barrier membranes and bone grafts were selected and compared. Briefly, this study reveals that when EMD is combined with open flap debridement (OFD), guided tissue regeneration (GTR), or bone grafting (BG), the amount of class II furcations converted to class I increases significantly. EMD also reduces tissue swelling and patient discomfort after treatment.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence to find the best combination of biomaterials to treat furcation defects. The best results are obtained if EMD is combined with β‐TCP/HA alloplastic bone grafts.
Effects of sleep on the realization of complex plans
Authors: Barner Christine , Altgassen Mareike , Born Jan , Diekelmann Susanne 
Published: January 2018

SummarySleep consolidates newly encoded memories, particularly those memories that are relevant for future behaviour. This study explored whether sleep facilitates the successful execution of relatively complex plans in the future. We applied the Dresden Breakfast Task, in which subjects are instructed to prepare a virtual breakfast comprising several tasks (e.g. table‐setting, preparing eggs). After forming a detailed plan how to realize these tasks, the sleep group (n = 17) spent a night of sleep at home, monitored by polysomnography, and the wake group (n = 19) spent a normal day awake, monitored by actigraphy. After a 12‐h interval, all participants were asked to prepare the virtual breakfast. Contrary to our hypothesis, overall performance in breakfast preparation did not differ significantly between the sleep and wake groups. However, sleep participants performed better in one of six tasks, specifically the ‘table‐setting’ task (P < 0.01), which was driven by higher scores in a subtask measuring the correct position of the tableware (P < 0.01). Additional exploratory analyses revealed that a significant number of wake participants performed below the minimal score of the sleep group (P < 0.01) and sleep participants achieved the maximal score in significantly more subtasks than wake participants (57% versus 27%; P = 0.018). Plan adherence, assessing how well participants adhered to their own previously developed plan, did not differ between the sleep and wake groups. These findings provide the first evidence that sleep may support some aspects of the realization of complex, somewhat naturalistic plans.
Microvascular involvement in systemic sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Saygin Didem , Highland Kristin B. , Tonelli Adriano R. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMicrovascular changes play central roles in the pathophysiology of SSc and SLE, and represent major causes of morbidity and mortality in these patients. Therefore, clinical tools that can assess the microvasculature are of great importance both at the time of diagnosis and follow‐up of these cases. These tools include capillaroscopy, laser imaging techniques, infrared thermography, and iontophoresis. In this review, we examined the clinical manifestations and pathobiology of microvascular involvement in SSc and SLE as well as the methodologies used to evaluate the microvasculature.
Sensitive Survey Questions: Measuring Attitudes Regarding Female Genital Cutting Through a List Experiment
Authors: De Cao Elisabetta , Lutz Clemens 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPotential bias in survey responses is higher if sensitive outcomes are measured. This study analyses attitudes towards female genital cutting (FGC) in Ethiopia. A list experiment is designed to elicit truthful answers about FGC support and compares these outcomes with the answers given to a direct question. Our results confirm that the average bias is substantial as answers to direct questions underestimate the FGC support by about 10 percentage points. Moreover, our results provide suggestive but not statistically significant evidence that this bias is more pronounced among uneducated women and women targeted by an NGO intervention (not randomly assigned).
Pediatric heart transplantation—What are the risk factors for pacemaker implantation and how much pacing is required?
Authors: Herrmann Florian Ernst Martin , Wellmann Petra , Hagl Christian , Juchem Gerd 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundIn an attempt to improve pacemaker therapy after pediatric transplantation, we investigated risk factors, indication for pacing, and pacing burden after pediatric heart transplantation.Methods and resultsIn this retrospective study, 139 pediatric heart transplant recipients, of whom 122 did not and 17 did require pacemakers, were investigated. Eleven of the 17 patients requiring a permanent pacemaker (PPM) received their heart from a female donor (68.8%); this compares to 48 of 122 patients (43.2%, P = 0.082) in the group not requiring a pacemaker (No PPM). The donor age and height were significantly greater in the PPM group at a median of 25.26 years (16.29–48.00) and 160 cm (153–170) compared with 11.96 years (1.73–19.95) and 141 cm (89–165) in the No PPM group (P = 0.003 and 0.015, respectively). Of the 17 patients requiring pacemakers, 13 presented with sinus node dysfunction (SND) and four with atrioventricular block. The atrial pacing burden in patients with SND remained above 60% within the 5 years of follow‐up investigated. There was no significant difference in mortality between those patients requiring a PPM and those not (Log‐Rank test: P = 0.672).ConclusionWe found that in our cohort donor characteristics were key risk factors for pacemaker implantation in transplanted children. The data suggest that when patients require a pacemaker in posttransplant SND, they will require a relevant amount of pacing for at least 5 years. The pacing burden after this point remains to be investigated. Mortality does not differ between pediatric heart transplant patients with and without pacemakers.
Community interest and feasibility of using a novel smartphone‐based formaldehyde exposure detection technology
Authors: Castner Jessica , Gehrke Gretchen E. , Shapiro Nicholas , Dannemiller Karen C. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis study is the first community engagement phase of a project to develop a residential formaldehyde detection system. The objectives were to conduct a feasibility assessment for device use, and identify factors associated with concerns about environmental exposure and community interest in this device.Design and SampleA cross‐sectional, internet‐based survey employing community‐based participatory research principles was utilized. 147 individuals participated from a focused Waycross, Georgia (58.5%) and broader national sample (41.5%).MeasuresVariables included acceptable cost and number of testing samples, interest in conducting tests, levels of concern over pollutants, health status, housing, and demographics.ResultsThe majority of participants desired a system with fewer than 10 samples at ≤$15.00 per sample. Statistically significant higher levels of concern over air quality, formaldehyde exposure, and interest in testing formaldehyde were observed for those with overall worse health status and living in the Waycross, Georgia geographic region. Significant differences in formaldehyde testing interest were observed by health status (OR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.12–0.81 for home testing) and geographic location (OR = 3.16, 95% CI = 1.22–8.14 for home and OR = 4.06, 95% CI = 1.48–11.12 for ambient testing) in multivariate models.ConclusionsGeographic location and poorer general health status were associated with concerns over and interest in formaldehyde testing.
Atmospheric nitrogen deposition on petals enhances seed quality of the forest herb Anemone nemorosa
Authors: De Frenne P. , Blondeel H. , Brunet J. , Carón M. M. , Chabrerie O. , Cougnon M. , Cousins S. A. O. , Decocq G. , Diekmann M. , Graae B. J. , Hanley M. E. , Heinken T. , Hermy M. , Kolb A. , Lenoir J. , Liira J. , Orczewska A. , Shevtsova A. , Vanneste T. , Verheyen K. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Elevated atmospheric input of nitrogen (N) is currently affecting plant biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. The growth and survival of numerous plant species is known to respond strongly to N fertilisation. Yet, few studies have assessed the effects of N deposition on seed quality and reproductive performance, which is an important life‐history stage of plants.

Here we address this knowledge gap by assessing the effects of atmospheric N deposition on seed quality of the ancient forest herb Anemone nemorosa using two complementary approaches.

By taking advantage of the wide spatiotemporal variation in N deposition rates in pan‐European temperate and boreal forests over 2 years, we detected positive effects of N deposition on the N concentration (percentage N per unit seed mass, increased from 2.8% to 4.1%) and N content (total N mass per seed more than doubled) of A. nemorosa seeds. In a complementary experiment, we applied ammonium nitrate to aboveground plant tissues and the soil surface to determine whether dissolved N sources in precipitation could be incorporated into seeds. Although the addition of N to leaves and the soil surface had no effect, a concentrated N solution applied to petals during anthesis resulted in increased seed mass, seed N concentration and N content.

Our results demonstrate that N deposition on the petals enhances bioaccumulation of N in the seeds of A. nemorosa. Enhanced atmospheric inputs of N can thus not only affect growth and population dynamics via root or canopy uptake, but can also influence seed quality and reproduction via intake through the inflorescences.