bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conventional versus drug‐eluting beads chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: Emphasis on the impact of tumor size
Authors: Lee Yong Kang , Jung Kyu Sik , Kim Do Young , Choi Jin Young , Kim Beom Kyung , Kim Seung Up , Park Jun Yong , Ahn Sang Hoon , Han Kwang‐Hyub , Kim Gyoung Min , Kim Man Deuk , Park Sung Il , Won Jong Yun , Lee Do Yun 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackground and AimThis study aims to evaluate clinical outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) using drug‐eluting beads (DEB).Patients and MethodsThis study retrospectively compared the clinical outcomes of 250 consecutive patients who underwent DEB‐TACE (n = 106) or conventional TACE (cTACE) (n = 144) in a tertiary center between January 2010 and April 2014. The median age of the patients was 62 years and 81.6% were men. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). The time to progression (TTP), radiological response rate using modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors criteria at 1 month after treatment, and complication rates within 1 month were also compared.ResultsThe most common etiology was hepatitis B virus infection. The median index tumor size was 2.8 cm, and 150 (60.0%) patients had Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B. Median TTP in the cTACE group was longer than in the DEB‐TACE group (13.3 vs10.8 months; P = 0.023). However, DEB‐TACE and cTACE groups showed no significant differences for mean OS (46.6 vs 44.9 months; P = 0.660) and disease control rate at 1 month (78.3% vs 86.8%; P = 0.076). The OS, TTP, and disease control rate were also not different between two groups, even when subgrouped by index tumor size. The complication rates within 1 month were higher in the cTACE group (6.6% vs 14.6%; P = 0.048).ConclusionsDrug‐eluting beads TACE appears to be a safe intra‐arterial therapy. However, it is not superior to cTACE in terms of efficacy. Tumor size might not be a criterion to select treatment modality between cTACE and DEB‐TACE in terms of efficacy.
Using action research to build mentor capacity to improve orientation and quality of nursing students’ aged care placements: what to do when the phone rings
Authors: Lea Emma J , Andrews Sharon , Stronach Megan , Marlow Annette , Robinson Andrew L 
Published: August 2016

Aims and objectivesTo describe whether an action research approach can be used to build capacity of residential aged care facility staff to support undergraduate nursing students’ clinical placements in residential aged care facilities, using development of an orientation programme as an exemplar.BackgroundAged care facilities are unpopular sites for nursing students’ clinical placements. A contributing factor is the limited capacity of staff to provide students with a positive placement experience. Strategies to build mentor capability to shape student placements and support learning and teaching are critical if nursing students are to have positive placements that attract them to aged care after graduation, an imperative given the increasing care needs of the ageing population worldwide.DesignAction research approach employing mixed‐methods data collection (primarily qualitative with a quantitative component).MethodsAged care facility staff (n = 32) formed a mentor group at each of two Tasmanian facilities and met regularly to support undergraduate nursing students (n = 40) during placements. Group members planned, enacted, reviewed and reflected on orientation procedures to welcome students, familiarise them with the facility and prepare them for their placement. Data comprised transcripts from these and parallel student meetings, and orientation data from student questionnaires from two successive placement periods (2011/2012).ResultsProblems were identified in the orientation processes for the initial student placements. Mentors implemented a revised orientation programme. Evaluation demonstrated improved programme outcomes for students regarding knowledge of facility operations, their responsibilities and emergency procedures.ConclusionAction research provides an effective approach to engage aged care facility staff to build their capacity to support clinical placements.Relevance to clinical practiceBuilding capacity in the aged care workforce is vital to provide appropriate care for residents with increasing care needs.
Understanding the bereavement care roles of nurses within acute care: a systematic review
Authors: Raymond Anita , Lee Susan F , Bloomer Melissa J 
Published: August 2016

Aims and objectivesTo investigate nurses’ roles and responsibilities in providing bereavement care during the care of dying patients within acute care hospitals.BackgroundBereavement within acute care hospitals is often sudden, unexpected and managed by nurses who may have limited access to experts. Nurses’ roles and experience in the provision of bereavement care can have a significant influence on the subsequent bereavement process for families. Identifying the roles and responsibilities, nurses have in bereavement care will enhance bereavement supports within acute care environments.DesignMixed‐methods systematic review.MethodsThe review was conducted using the databases Cumulative Index Nursing and Allied Health Literature Plus, Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, PsychINFO, CareSearch and Google Scholar. Included studies published between 2006–2015, identified nurse participants, and the studies were conducted in acute care hospitals. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria, and the research results were extracted and subjected to thematic synthesis.ResultsNurses’ role in bereavement care included patient‐centred care, family‐centred care, advocacy and professional development. Concerns about bereavement roles included competing clinical workload demands, limitations of physical environments in acute care hospitals and the need for further education in bereavement care.ConclusionsFurther research is needed to enable more detailed clarification of the roles nurse undertake in bereavement care in acute care hospitals. There is also a need to evaluate the effectiveness of these nursing roles and how these provisions impact on the bereavement process of patients and families.Relevance to clinical practiceThe care provided by acute care nurses to patients and families during end‐of‐life care is crucial to bereavement. The bereavement roles nurses undertake are not well understood with limited evidence of how these roles are measured. Further education in bereavement care is needed for acute care nurses.
Do Female Colleagues and Supervisors Influence Family Role Attitudes? A Three‐Level Test of Exposure Explanations Among Employed Men and Women in 27 European Countries
Authors: Meuleman Roza , Kraaykamp Gerbert , Verbakel Ellen 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between various aspects of female labor participation and people's family role attitudes. Following exposure theory, we expect that individuals may adopt more egalitarian family roles as they are more often exposed to employed women because it dispels negative ideas about women's capabilities and brings them into contact with nontraditional networks. This study provides an elaborate test by examining the role of exposure to female colleagues and supervisors in three contexts: workplaces, occupational sectors, and countries. We found that the number of female colleagues at work and in occupational sectors was positively related to egalitarian family roles of employed men. Our study further showed that this positive relationship between exposure to female colleagues at work and men's egalitarian family roles was weaker in female‐dominated sectors. Remarkably, exposure to national female labor participation was not significantly related to the family roles of employed women.
Information‐theoretical Complexity Metrics
Authors: Hale John 
Published: August 2016

AbstractInformation‐theoretical complexity metrics are auxiliary hypotheses that link theories of parsing and grammar to potentially observable measurements such as reading times and neural signals. This review article considers two such metrics, Surprisal and Entropy Reduction, which are respectively built upon the two most natural notions of ‘information value’ for an observed event (Blachman ). This review sketches their conceptual background and touches on their relationship to other theories in cognitive science. It characterizes them as ‘lenses’ through which theorists ‘see’ the information‐processing consequences of linguistic grammars. While these metrics are not themselves parsing algorithms, the review identifies candidate mechanisms that have been proposed for both of them.
Breast pumps as an incentive for breastfeeding: a mixed methods study of acceptability
Authors: Crossland Nicola , Thomson Gill , Morgan Heather , MacLennan Graeme , Campbell Marion , Dykes Fiona , Hoddinott Pat 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIncreasing breastfeeding rates would improve maternal and child health, but multiple barriers to breastfeeding persist. Breast pump provision has been used as an incentive for breastfeeding, although effectiveness is unclear. Women's use of breast pumps is increasing and a high proportion of mothers express breastmilk. No research has yet reported women's and health professionals' perspectives on breast pumps as an incentive for breastfeeding. In the Benefits of Incentives for Breastfeeding and Smoking cessation in pregnancy (BIBS) study, mixed methods research explored women's and professionals' views of breast pumps as an incentive for breastfeeding. A survey of health professionals across Scotland and North West England measured agreement with ‘a breast pump costing around £40 provided for free on the NHS’ as an incentive strategy. Qualitative interviews and focus groups were conducted in two UK regions with a total of 68 participants (pregnant women, new mothers, and their significant others and health professionals) and thematic analysis undertaken. The survey of 497 health professionals found net agreement of 67.8% (337/497) with the breast pump incentive strategy, with no predictors of agreement shown by a multiple ordered logistic regression model. Qualitative research found interrelated themes of the ‘appeal and value of breast pumps’, ‘sharing the load’, ‘perceived benefits’, ‘perceived risks’ and issues related to ‘timing’. Qualitative participants expressed mixed views on the acceptability of breast pumps as an incentive for breastfeeding. Understanding the mechanisms of action for pump type, timing and additional support required for effectiveness is required to underpin trials of breast pump provision as an incentive for improving breastfeeding outcomes. © 2016 The Authors. Maternal & Child Nutrition published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Individual and structural environmental influences on utilization of iron and folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in Harare, Zimbabwe
Authors: Tinago Chiwoneso B. , Annang Ingram Lucy , Blake Christine E. , Frongillo Edward A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractMicronutrient deficiencies are prevalent among Zimbabweans with serious health and social implications. Due to a lack of a national micronutrient food fortification policy, the Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care established a policy for the prevention of maternal micronutrient deficiencies, which centres on pregnant women receiving daily iron and folic acid (IFA) at their first antenatal care visit and throughout pregnancy. Despite these efforts, utilization of IFA supplementation in pregnancy in Zimbabwe is low. This study aimed to understand the experiences and knowledge of IFA supplementation among pregnant women and healthcare workers in Harare, Zimbabwe, and the influence of health‐service and social environments on utilization. Semi‐structured in‐depth interviews were conducted in Shona and English, with pregnant women (n = 24) and healthcare workers (n = 14) providing direct antenatal care services to pregnant women in two high‐density community clinics. Data were analysed thematically using NVivo 10. Influences on utilization were at the individual and structural environmental levels. Reasons for low utilization of IFA supplementation included forgetting to take IFA, side effects, misconceptions about IFA, limited access to nutrition information, delayed entry or non‐uptake of antenatal care and social norms of pregnant women for IFA supplementation. Utilization was enhanced by knowledge of risks and benefits of supplementation, fear of negative health complications with non‐utilization, family support and healthcare worker recommendation for supplementation. Study findings can inform approaches to strengthen micronutrient supplementation utilization to improve the micronutrient status of pregnant women to decrease maternal mortality and improve overall maternal and child health in Zimbabwe. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Comparison of the extent and pattern of cognitive impairment among predialysis, dialysis and transplant patients: A cross‐sectional study from Australia
Authors: Lambert Kelly , Mullan Judy , Mansfield Kylie , Lonergan Maureen 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to compare the extent of cogntive impairment and the types of cognitive deficits in an Australian cohort of four patient groups with end stage kidney disease. Characteristics predicting the presence of cognitive impairment were also evaluated.MethodsObservational cross‐sectional study of 155 patients with end stage kidney disease are recruited from a regional Australian renal unit. Eligible participants included those whose estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate was < 30 ml/min per 1.73 m2, were undertaking peritoneal or haemodialysis, or had received a kidney transplant. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment tool was used to screen the study participants for cognitive impairment and evaluate cognitive deficits. Cognitive impairment was defined as a total Montreal Cognitive Assessment tool score ≤24/30.ResultsThe extent of cognitive impairment varied between the four groups with end stage kidney disease. Factors predicting the presence of cognitive impairment included undertaking dialysis, age ≥65, male gender and the presence of diabetes or cerebrovascular disease. Deficits in executive function, attention, language, visuospatial skills, memory and orientation were common among the study participants, and the extent of these deficits varied between groups. Limitations to the study included the cross‐sectional design, and that the presence of confounders like depression were not recorded.ConclusionThe impact of disparities in the cognitive capabilities identified in this study are likely to be far reaching. Tailoring of education and self‐management programmes to the cognitive deficits of individuals is required.
Potential preadaptation to anthropogenic pollution: evidence from a common quantitative trait locus for zinc and cadmium tolerance in metallicolous and nonmetallicolous accessions of Arabidopsis halleri
Authors: Meyer Claire‐Lise , Pauwels Maxime , Briset Loic , Godé Cécile , Salis Piétro , Bourceaux Angélique , Souleman Dima , Frérot Hélène , Verbruggen Nathalie 
Published: August 2016

Summary

As a drastic environmental change, metal pollution may promote the rapid evolution of genetic adaptations contributing to metal tolerance. In Arabidopsis halleri, genetic bases of zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) tolerance have been uncovered only in a metallicolous accession, although tolerance is species‐wide. The genetic determinants of Zn and Cd tolerance in a nonmetallicolous accession were thus investigated for the first time.

The genetic architecture of tolerance was investigated in a nonmetallicolous population (SK2) by using first backcross progeny obtained from crosses between SK2 and Arabidopsis lyrata petraea, a nonmetallophyte species.

Only one significant and common quantitative trait locus (QTL) region was identified explaining 22.6% and 31.2% of the phenotypic variation for Zn and Cd tolerance, respectively. This QTL co‐localized with HEAVY METAL ATPASE 4 (AhHMA4), which was previously validated as a determinant of Zn and Cd tolerance in a metallicolous accession. Triplication and high expression of HMA4 were confirmed in SK2. In contrast, gene duplication and high expression of METAL TOLERANT PROTEIN 1A (MTP1A), which was previously associated with Zn tolerance in a metallicolous accession, were not observed in SK2.

Overall, the results support the role of HMA4 in tolerance capacities of A. halleri that may have pre‐existed in nonmetallicolous populations before colonization of metal‐polluted habitats. Preadaptation to metal‐contaminated sites is thus discussed.
Intestinal infection at onset of mycophenolic acid‐associated chronic diarrhea in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: von Moos S. , Cippà P.E. , Wüthrich R.P. , Mueller T.F. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundChronic diarrhea after kidney transplantation is often attributed to mycophenolic acid (MPA) toxicity. We hypothesize that intestinal infections contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic MPA‐associated diarrhea.MethodsIn this retrospective study, all patients (n = 726) receiving a kidney transplant between 2000 and 2010 at the University Hospital Zurich were followed until July 2014 for occurrence of chronic diarrhea (≥4 weeks). Infectious triggers at diarrhea onset were assessed by reviewing medical history, stool microbiology, and histology of colon biopsies.ResultsIn 46 patients (6.3% of the cohort), a total of 51 episodes of chronic diarrhea during MPA treatment were documented. The diarrhea episodes were often severe, as confirmed by significant weight loss. The cumulative incidence of chronic diarrhea was uniformly distributed throughout the post‐transplant period, with 2.0%, 5.1%, and 9.6% at 1, 5, and 10 years, respectively. Evidence was found for intestinal infection at diarrhea onset in 38 episodes (74.5%). Occurrence of diarrhea onset showed a seasonal distribution with peaks in April and October/November. Specific antimicrobial treatment alone was associated with a 19% resolution rate only, whereas combination with dose reduction of MPA or switch from mycophenolate mofetil to enteric‐coated mycophenolate sodium resulted in a 22.7% and 76.5% resolution rate, respectively. Change to an MPA‐free regimen was associated with a 100% resolution rate.ConclusionThese results provide first evidence for a contribution of intestinal infections in chronic post‐transplant diarrhea associated with MPA treatment.
Perioperative Complications and Outcome of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in 20 Dogs
Authors: Scott Jacqueline , Singh Ameet , Mayhew Philipp D. , Brad Case J. , Runge Jeffrey J. , Gatineau Matthieu , Kilkenny Jessica 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveTo report the complications and outcome of dogs undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for uncomplicated gall bladder disease.Study DesignMulti‐institutional case series.AnimalsClient‐owned dogs (n=20).MethodsMedical records of dogs that underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy were reviewed and signalment, history, clinical and ultrasound examination findings, surgical variables, and complications were collated. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed using a multiport approach. Data were compared between dogs with successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy and dogs requiring conversion to open cholecystectomy.ResultsSix dogs (30%) required conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy due to inability to ligate the cystic duct (3), evidence of gall bladder rupture (1), leakage from the cystic duct during dissection (1), and cardiac arrest (1). Cystic duct dissection was performed in 19 dogs using an articulating dissector (10), right angle forceps (7), and unrecorded (2). The cystic duct was ligated in 15 dogs using surgical clips (5), suture (6), or a combination (4). All dogs were discharged from the hospital and had resolution of clinical signs, although 1 dog developed pancreatitis and 1 dog required revision surgery for bile peritonitis. There was no significant difference in preoperative blood analysis results, surgical technique, or duration of hospitalization between dogs undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy and cases converted to open cholecystectomy.ConclusionLaparoscopic cholecystectomy can be performed successfully for uncomplicated gall bladder disease in dogs after careful case selection. The surgeon considering laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be familiar with a variety of methods for cystic duct dissection and ligation to avoid difficulties during the procedure.
Development of an
In Vitro
Assay for Detection of Drug-Induced Resuscitation-Promoting-Factor-Dependent Mycobacteria
Authors: Loraine Jessica , Pu Feifei , Turapov Obolbek , Mukamolova Galina V. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Tuberculosis is a major infectious disease that requires prolonged chemotherapy with a combination of four drugs. Here we present data suggesting that treatment of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
, the causative agent of tuberculosis, and
Mycobacterium smegmatis
, a model organism widely used for the screening of antituberculosis agents, with first-line drugs resulted in the generation of substantial populations that could be recovered only by the addition of a culture supernatant from growing mycobacteria. These bacilli failed to grow in standard media, resulting in significant underestimation of the numbers of viable mycobacteria in treated samples. We generated
M. smegmatis
strains overexpressing
M. tuberculosis
resuscitation-promoting factors (Rpfs) and demonstrated their application for the detection of Rpf-dependent mycobacteria generated after drug exposure. Our data offer novel opportunities for validation of the sterilizing activity of antituberculosis agents.
Phase 2, Dose-Ranging Study of Relebactam with Imipenem-Cilastatin in Subjects with Complicated Intra-abdominal Infection
Authors: Lucasti Christopher , Vasile Liviu , Sandesc Dorel , Venskutonis Donatas , McLeroth Patrick , Lala Mallika , Rizk Matthew L. , Brown Michelle L. , Losada Maria C. , Pedley Alison , Kartsonis Nicholas A. , Paschke Amanda 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Relebactam (REL [MK-7655]) is a novel class A/C β-lactamase inhibitor intended for use with imipenem for the treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections. REL restores imipenem activity against some resistant strains of
Klebsiella
and
Pseudomonas
. In this multicenter, double-blind, controlled trial (NCT01506271), subjects who were ≥18 years of age with complicated intra-abdominal infection were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive 250 mg REL, 125 mg REL, or placebo, each given intravenously (i.v.) with 500 mg imipenem-cilastatin (IMI) every 6 h (q6h) for 4 to 14 days. The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of microbiologically evaluable (ME) subjects with a favorable clinical response at discontinuation of i.v. therapy (DCIV). A total of 351 subjects were randomized, 347 (99%) were treated, and 255 (73%) were ME at DCIV (55% male; mean age, 49 years). The most common diagnoses were complicated appendicitis (53%) and complicated cholecystitis (17%). Thirty-six subjects (13%) had imipenem-resistant Gram-negative infections at baseline. Both REL doses plus IMI were generally well tolerated and demonstrated safety profiles similar to that of IMI alone. Clinical response rates at DCIV were similar in subjects who received 250 mg REL plus IMI (96.3%) or 125 mg REL plus IMI (98.8%), and both were noninferior to IMI alone (95.2%; one-sided
P
< 0.001). The treatment groups were also similar with respect to clinical response at early and late follow-up and microbiological response at all visits. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic simulations show that imipenem exposure at the proposed dose of 500 mg IMI with 250 mg REL q6h provides coverage of >90% of carbapenem-resistant bacterial strains.