bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changing patterns in water toxicity associated with current use pesticides in three California agriculture regions
Authors: Anderson Brian S , Phillips Bryn M , Voorhees Jennifer P , Deng Xin , Geraci Jeff , Worcester Karen , Tjeerdema Ron S 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Regulation of agriculture irrigation water discharges in California, USA, is assessed and controlled by its 9 Regional Water Quality Control Boards under the jurisdiction of the California State Water Resources Control Board. Each Regional Water Board has developed programs to control pesticides in runoff as part of the waste discharge requirements implemented through each region's Irrigated Lands Regulatory Program. The present study assessed how pesticide use patterns differ in the Imperial (Imperial County) and the Salinas and Santa Maria (Monterey County) valleys, which host 3 of California's prime agriculture areas. Surface-water toxicity associated with current use pesticides was monitored at several sites in these areas in 2014 and 2015, and results were linked to changes in pesticide use patterns in these areas. Pesticide use patterns appeared to coincide with differences in the way agriculture programs were implemented by the 2 respective Regional Water Quality Control Boards, and these programs differed in the 2 Water Board Regions. Different pesticide use patterns affected the occurrence of pesticides in agriculture runoff, and this influenced toxicity test results. Greater detection frequency and higher concentrations of the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos were detected in agriculture runoff in Imperial County compared to Monterey County, likely due to more rigorous monitoring requirements for growers using this pesticide in Monterey County. Monterey County agriculture runoff contained toxic concentrations of pyrethroid and neonicotinoid pesticides, which impacted amphipods (Hyalella azteca) and midge larvae (Chironomus dilutus) in toxicity tests. Study results illustrate how monitoring strategies need to evolve as regulatory actions affect change in pesticide use and demonstrate the importance of using toxicity test indicator species appropriate for the suite of contaminants in runoff in order to accurately assess environmental risk. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2018;14:270–281. © 2017 SETAC

Key Points
Regulatory policy influences pesticide use in agriculture. Policies differ between regions in California, USA. Differences in pesticide use affects pesticides in agriculture runoff. Toxicity and pesticide monitoring results reflect these differences.
The Role of Robotics Teams’ Collaboration Quality on Team Performance in a Robotics Tournament
Authors: Menekse Muhsin , Higashi Ross , Schunn Christian D. , Baehr Emily 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundWorking effectively in teams is an important 21st century skill as well as a fundamental component of the ABET professional competencies. However, successful teamwork is challenging, and empirical studies with adolescents concerning how the collaboration quality of team members is related to team performance are limited.Purpose/HypothesisThis study investigated the relationship between team collaboration quality and team performance in a robotics competition using multiple measures of team performance, including both objective task performance and expert judge evaluations, on a diverse set of supporting performance dimensions.Design/MethodData included Table Score, Robot Design, Research Project, Core Values, and Collaboration Quality scores for 366 youths on 61 K‐8 robotics teams that participated in a FIRST LEGO League Championship. Regression and mediation analyses were conducted to explore the relation between effective team collaboration and team performance. Furthermore, analysis of variance was conducted to explore the relationship between Collaboration Quality and team experience.ResultsCollaboration Quality was a good predictor of robotics team performance across all measures (with R2 = .50 and p < .001). Mediation analysis revealed that the Robot Design acted as a full mediator for the predictive effect of Collaboration Quality on the Table Score. In addition, the cumulative amount of team experience was significantly related to Collaboration Quality.ConclusionsOverall, this study using collaboration performance assessments and actual competition data with a large number of teams confirms the importance of high‐quality teamwork in producing superior products with students engaged in authentic engineering tasks.
Gait patterns, symptoms, and function in patients with isolated tibiofemoral osteoarthritis and combined tibiofemoral and patellofemoral osteoarthritis
Authors: Hart Harvi F. , Crossley Kay M. , Hunt Michael A. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to compare hip and knee biomechanics during walking in individuals with isolated tibiofemoral osteoarthritis (TFOA), combined TFOA and patellofemoral osteoarthritis (PFOA), and those without knee osteoarthritis (OA), and to compare patient‐reported symptoms and function in individuals with isolated TFOA and those with combined TFOA and PFOA. Participants with and without knee OA were assessed and categorized into (i) no OA, (ii) isolated TFOA, and (iii) combined TFOA and PFOA, based on Kellgren and Lawrence diagnostic criteria. Quantitative motion analyses were conducted during walking, and hip and knee kinematics, and external moments were calculated. Peak values in the sagittal and frontal planes during stance phase were computed. Patient‐reported symptoms and function data were obtained using the Western Ontario McMaster Universities Arthritis Index. Multivariate analyses of variance were conducted to compare between‐group differences in gait and patient‐reported symptoms and function data. The results showed no statistically significant differences in hip and knee kinematics and external moments between the three groups. Relative to those with isolated TFOA, individuals with combined TFOA and PFOA had greater pain (mean difference [95%CI]: 1.5 [0.05–3.1]), stiffness (0.8 [0.02–1.5]), and poorer function (5.4 [0.2–10.7]). In conclusion, the combined TFOA and PFOA radiographic disease pattern is associated with worse pain and function compared to the isolated TFOA disease pattern. The results of the present study provide no indications that treatments designed to change walking biomechanics should differ between individuals with isolated TFOA and those with combined TFOA and PFOA. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1666–1672, 2018.
Adaptive analysis of infinite beams dynamics problems using the periodic configuration update method in the time domain
Authors: Mezeh Reda , Sadek Marwan , Hage Chehade Fadi , Shahrour Isam 
Published: November 2017

SummaryThis paper proposes a new approach for the assessment of the dynamic response of continuously supported infinite beams under high‐speed moving loads. A change in the representation of equations of motion in the dynamics of discrete structures is proposed to obtain an improved accuracy of the numerical integration in the time domain. The proposed numerical method called the “periodic configuration update” or “PCU method” is applied to solve the problem of a vertical moving harmonic load on an infinite classical Euler‐Bernoulli beam resting on a continuous viscoelastic foundation. This study shows the superiority of the proposed method in comparison with other methods presented in the literature that suffer from the material time derivative, i.e., convective terms, that arises from the Galilean transformation. To confront this numerical problem, the PCU method retains the principle of the spatial follow of loads while zeroing the relative velocity with the traversed beam via a step‐by‐step adaptive integration of the equation of structural dynamics. The dynamic load is modeled with high theoretical velocities that can reach the critical velocity of the studied beam with different angular frequencies belonging to moderate frequency range. A parametric study is carried out to analyze the influence of key parameters on the convergence. The obtained results show a high efficiency of the PCU method for solving these types of problems relative to the dynamics of high speed trains/tracks.
Characterization of cysteine thiol modifications based on protein microenvironments and local secondary structures
Authors: Bhatnagar Akshay , Bandyopadhyay Debashree 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe have demonstrated earlier that protein microenvironments were conserved around disulfide‐bridged cystine motifs with similar functions, irrespective of diversity in protein sequences. Here, cysteine thiol modifications were characterized based on protein microenvironments, secondary structures and specific protein functions. Protein microenvironment around an amino acid was defined as the summation of hydrophobic contributions from the surrounding protein fragments and the solvent molecules present within its first contact shell. Cysteine functions (modifications) were grouped into enzymatic and non‐enzymatic classes. Modifications studied were—disulfide formation, thio‐ether formation, metal‐binding, nitrosylation, acylation, selenylation, glutathionylation, sulfenylation, and ribosylation. 1079 enzymatic proteins were reported from high‐resolution crystal structures. Protein microenvironments around cysteine thiol, derived from above crystal structures, were clustered into 3 groups—buried‐hydrophobic, intermediate and exposed‐hydrophilic clusters. Characterization of cysteine functions were statistically meaningful for 4 modifications (disulfide formation, thioether formation, sulfenylation, and iron/zinc binding) those have sufficient amount of data in the current dataset. Results showed that protein microenvironment, secondary structure and protein functions were conserved for enzymatic cysteine functions, in contrast to the same function from non‐enzymatic cysteines. Disulfide forming enzymatic cysteines were tightly packed within intermediate protein microenvironment cluster, have alpha‐helical conformation and mostly belonged to CxxC motif of electron transport proteins. Disulfide forming non‐enzymatic cysteines did not belong to conserved motif and have variable secondary structures. Similarly, enzymatic thioether forming cysteines have conserved microenvironment compared to non‐enzymatic cystienes. Based on the compatibility between protein microenvironment and cysteine modifications, more efficient drug molecules could be designed against cysteine‐related diseases.
Toward a social practice theory of relational competing
Authors: Jarzabkowski Paula , Bednarek Rebecca 
Published: November 2017

Research Summary: This article brings together the competitive dynamics and strategy‐as‐practice literatures to investigate relational competition. Drawing on a global ethnography of the reinsurance market, we develop the concept of micro‐competitions, which are the focus of competitors’ everyday competitive practices. We find variation in relational or rivalrous competition by individual competitors across the phases of a micro‐competition, between competitors within a micro‐competition, and across multiple micro‐competitions. These variations arise from the interplay between the unfolding competitive arena and the implementation of each firm's strategic portfolio. We develop a conceptual framework that makes four contributions to: relational competition; reconceptualizing action and response; elaborating on the awareness‐motivation‐capability framework within competitive dynamics; and the recursive dynamic by which implementing strategy inside firms shapes, and is shaped by, the competitive arena.Managerial Summary: Competition is often seen as war: “attack,” “retaliation,” and “dethronement.” Yet competition can also be relational, incorporating collaboration and reciprocity. We show these dynamics in a syndicated financial market, reinsurance, where multiple competitors get the same price for a share of the same deal. Our competitors have rivalrous motivations to win business and relational motivations to ensure buoyant pricing, maintain market health, and enable long‐standing client relationships to persist. These motivations are grounded in the strategizing practices with which firms implement their strategic portfolios and compete on deals. Competitors’ rivalrous or relational motivations are highly dynamic, shifting throughout the competition on any deal and across the multiple deals on which they compete. Cumulatively these practices shape the entire market for these volatile, uncertain financial products.
Highly Transparent and Integrable Surface Texture Change Device for Localized Tactile Feedback
Authors: Ankit  , Tiwari Naveen , Rajput Mayank , Chien Nguyen Anh , Mathews Nripan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractHuman–machine haptic interaction is typically detected by variations in friction, roughness, hardness, and temperature, which combines to create sensation of surface texture change. Most of the current technologies work to simulate changes in tactile perception (via electrostatic, lateral force fields, vibration motors, etc.) without creating actual topographical transformations. This makes it challenging to provide localized feedback. Here, a new concept for on‐demand surface texture augmentation that is capable of physically forming local topographic features in any predesigned pattern is demonstrated. The transparent, flexible, integrable device comprises of a hybrid electrode system with conductive hydrogel, silver nanowires, and conductive polymers with acrylic elastomer as the dielectric layer. Desired surface textures can be controlled by a predesigned pattern of electrodes, which operates as independent or interconnected actuators. Surface features with up to a height of 0.155 mm can be achieved with a transformation time of less than a second for a device area of 18 cm2. High transparency levels of 76% are achieved due to the judicious choice of the electrode and the active elastomer layer. The capability of localized and controlled deformations makes this system highly useful for applications such as display touchscreens, touchpads, braille displays, on‐demand buttons, and microfluidic devices.
Wildlife governance in the 21st century—Will sustainable use endure?
Authors: Decker Daniel J. , Organ John F. , Forstchen Ann B. , Jacobson Cynthia A. , Siemer William F. , Smith Christian A. , Lederle Patrick E. , Schiavone Michael V. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTIn light of the trajectory of wildlife governance in the United States, the future of sustainable use of wildlife is a topic of substantial interest in the wildlife conservation community. We examine sustainable‐use principles with respect to “good governance” considerations and public trust administration principles to assess how sustainable use might fare in the 21st century. We conclude that sustainable‐use principles are compatible with recently articulated wildlife governance principles and could serve to mitigate broad values and norm shifts in American society that affect social acceptability of particular uses. Wildlife governance principles emphasize inclusive discourse among diverse wildlife interests, which could minimize isolated exchanges among cliques of like‐minded people pursuing their ambitions without seeking opportunity for sharing or understanding diverse views. Aligning governance practices with wildlife governance principles can help avoid such isolation. In summary, sustainable use of wildlife is likely to endure as long as society 1) believes the long‐term sustainability of wildlife is not jeopardized, and 2) accepts practices associated with such use as legitimate. These are 2 criteria needing constant attention. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Risk of Catastrophic Health Expenditure in Rwandan Surgical Patients with Peritonitis
Authors: Rickard J. L. , Ngarambe C. , Ndayizeye L. , Smart B. , Majyambere J. P. , Riviello R. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundSurgical procedures are cost‐effective compared with various medical and public health interventions. While peritonitis often requires surgery, little is known regarding the associated costs, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries. The aim of this study was to determine in‐hospital charges for patients with peritonitis and if patients are at risk of catastrophic health expenditure.MethodsAs part of a larger study examining the epidemiology and outcomes of patients with peritonitis at a referral hospital in Rwanda, patients undergoing operation for peritonitis were enrolled and hospital charges were examined. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients at risk for catastrophic health expenditure. Logistic regression was used to determine the association of various factors with risk for catastrophic health expenditure.ResultsOver a 6‐month period, 280 patients underwent operation for peritonitis. In‐hospital charges were available for 245 patients. A total of 240 (98%) patients had health insurance. Median total hospital charges were 308.1 USD, and the median amount paid by patients was 26.9 USD. Thirty‐three (14%) patients were at risk of catastrophic health expenditure based on direct medical expenses. Estimating out‐of‐pocket non‐medical expenses, 68 (28%) patients were at risk of catastrophic health expenditure. Unplanned reoperation was associated with increased risk of catastrophic health expenditure (p < 0.001), whereas patients with community‐based health insurance had decreased risk of catastrophic health expenditure (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe median hospital charges paid out‐of‐pocket by patients with health insurance were small in relation to total charges. A significant number of patients with peritonitis are at risk of catastrophic health expenditure.
Clinical Significance of New Magnetic Resonance Thoracic Ductography Before Thoracoscopic Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Oguma Junya , Ozawa Soji , Kazuno Akihito , Nitta Miho , Ninomiya Yamato , Yatabe Kentaro , Niwa Tetsu , Nomura Takakiyo 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundPreoperative simulation of the thoracic duct using magnetic resonance thoracic ductography (MRTD) would enable a safe lymph node dissection near the thoracic duct and the prevention of chylothorax after an esophagectomy. The aim of this study was to determine whether MRTD is useful for preventing injury to the thoracic duct during surgery and for reducing the incidence of chylothorax after surgery.MethodsWe evaluated 130 patients who underwent preoperative MRTD followed by a thoracoscopic esophagectomy for the treatment of thoracic esophageal cancer between August 2014 and April 2017 (MRTD group). These patients were then compared with 160 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent a thoracoscopic esophagectomy without preoperative MRTD (non‐MRTD group).ResultsFour patients in the non‐MRTD group developed Type IIIB chylothorax (International Consensus on Standardization), while none of the patients in the MRTD group developed Type III chylothorax. Some type of abnormal finding was found during MRTD in 24 patients (18.5%). Among them, 13 patients (10.0%) exhibited abnormal divergence, which was the most frequent finding, followed by 5 patients (3.8%) with window formation and 2 patients (1.5%) with stitch formation.ConclusionsThe present study revealed the frequencies of abnormal findings of the thoracic duct and of patients with false‐negative MRTD findings. Injury to the thoracic duct can be avoided through the use of appropriate care during procedures performed in patients with abnormal findings on preoperative MRTD.
Newborn screening for lysosomal storage disorders by tandem mass spectrometry in North East Italy
Authors: Burlina Alberto B. , Polo Giulia , Salviati Leonardo , Duro Giovanni , Zizzo Carmela , Dardis Andrea , Bembi Bruno , Cazzorla Chiara , Rubert Laura , Zordan Roberta , Desnick Robert J. , Burlina Alessandro P. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundLysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are inborn errors of metabolism resulting from 50 different inherited disorders. The increasing availability of treatments and the importance of early intervention have stimulated newborn screening (NBS) to diagnose LSDs and permit early intervention to prevent irreversible impairment or severe disability. We present our experience screening newborns in North East Italy to identify neonates with Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) and Pompe, Fabry, and Gaucher diseases.MethodsActivities of acid β‐glucocerebrosidase (ABG; Gaucher), acid α‐glucosidase (GAA; Pompe), acid α‐galactosidase (GLA; Fabry), and acid α‐L‐iduronidase (IDUA; MPS‐I) in dried blood spots (DBS) from all newborns during a 17‐month period were determined by multiplexed tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) using the NeoLSD® assay system. Enzymatic activity cutoff values were determined from 3500 anonymous newborn DBS. In the screening study, samples were retested if the value was below cutoff and a second spot was requested, with referral for confirmatory testing and medical evaluation if a low value was obtained.ResultsFrom September 2015 to January 2017, 44,411 newborns were screened for the four LSDs. We recalled 40 neonates (0.09%) for collection of a second DBS. Low activity was confirmed in 20, who had confirmatory testing. Ten of 20 had pathogenic mutations: two Pompe, two Gaucher, five Fabry, and one MPS‐I. The incidences of Pompe and Gaucher diseases were similar (1/22,205), with Fabry disease the most frequent (1/8882) and MPS‐I the rarest (1/44411). The combined incidence of the four disorders was 1/4411 births.ConclusionsSimultaneously determining multiple enzyme activities by MS/MS, with a focus on specific biochemical markers, successfully detected newborns with LSDs. The high incidence of these disorders supports this screening program.
Androgen Deprivation Alters Attention to Sexually Provocative Visual Stimuli in Elderly Men
Authors: Palmer-Hague Jaime L. , Tsang Vivian , Skead Charlenn , Wassersug Richard J. , Nasiopoulos Eleni , Kingstone Alan 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Introduction
Testosterone is known to regulate male sexual interest, but the exact way that androgens influence men's sexual cognition remains unclear.

Aim
To investigate the influence of androgen deprivation (AD) on visual responses to sexually suggestive stimuli in men treated for prostate cancer with AD therapy.

Methods
Patients with AD-treated prostate cancer, patients with prostate cancer not on AD therapy, and age-matched healthy control participants were exposed to images of male and female runway models fully or minimally clothed. Eye tracking was used to compare looking behavior among groups.

Main Outcome Measures
Proportion of fixations on fully clothed vs minimally clothed models and proportion of fixations on target areas of interest (ie, legs, chest, pelvis, and face) of fully clothed and minimally clothed models were analyzed and compared among groups.

Results
Although men not on AD exhibited a larger proportion of fixations on the minimally clothed compared with the fully clothed images, there was no difference between the 2 image types for men on AD. This was true regardless of whether the images depicted male or female models. Groups did not differ in their fixations to target areas of interest.

Conclusion
These results suggest that testosterone can influence men’s visual attention to sexual stimuli; specifically, AD can attenuate the time spent fixated on sexualized targets.