bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacterial recovery using sonication versus swabbing of titanium and stainless steel implants inoculated with Staphylococcus pseudintermedius or Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Case J. , Wellehan James , Dujowich Mauricio , Keeshen Thomas 
Published: August 2017

SummaryObjective: To evaluate the use of sonication to improve recovery of bacteria from metal discs infected with bacteria commonly associated with implant infections in veterinary medicine.Methods: In vitro study in which sterile titanium (Ti6Al4V) and stainless steel (AIS1316-L) discs were incubated with either Staphylococcus pseudintermedius or Pseudomonas aeruginosa for 24 hours. The following three groups were compared: 1) the sonication group involved immersing the discs in sterile saline and sonicating for five minutes; 2) the sham group was considered a negative control in which the discs were immersed in saline for five minutes without sonication; and 3) the swab group involved systematically swabbing the implant with a sterile culturette. All samples were plated on blood agar and incubated for 24 hours. Colonies were then counted and compared.Results: For both species of bacteria, there was a significant increase in bacterial colonies isolated using sonication compared to the other two study groups (p = 0.0001). No differences in bacterial growth were found between the two types of metal implants. There was a significant increase in bacterial colony counts for S. pseudintermedius when comparing the swab group versus the sham group, but this was not significant for P. aeruginosa.Clinical significance: Sonication significantly improves recovery of bacteria commonly associated with veterinary implant-associated surgical site infections compared to swabbing of implants in vitro. A prospective clinical evaluation is indicated to determine the in vivo efficacy of sonication in veterinary patients.
Secondary infections after cytotoxic chemotherapy in patient with hematological malignancies
Authors: Büyüktuna Seyit Ali , Saba Rabin , Gözel Mustafa Gökhan , Turhan Özge , İnan Dilara , Aşık Zahide , Köse Adem 
Published: August 2017

Introduction: This study was initiated to investigate the risk factors of secondary infections in febrile neutropenic patients following chemotherapy, and to evaluate the clinical, microbiological, and mortality outcomes of these infections.
Methodology: An evaluation was done on all patients with hematological malignancy who developed a febrile neutropenic episode (FNE) after cytotoxic chemotherapy in the Department of Hematology, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, between January 2007 and December 2008.
Results: A total of 294 primary FNEs that responded to the initial empirical or targeted treatment were included in the study, and secondary infections developed after 72 (24.5%) of 294 primary FNEs. Risk factors for secondary infections were determined as acute leukemia as the underlying disease, salvage chemotherapy for refractory/relapse diseases, prolonged neutropenia (10 days and over), Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASSC) score < 21, and fungal infection during the primary episode. The mortality rate of patients who developed secondary infections was significantly higher compared to patients without secondary infections (27.8% and 5.4%, respectively; p = 0.001).
Conclusions: The development of secondary infections in patients with hematological malignancy was not very rare. Greater concern should be shown for these infections to increase patient survival rates.
G. lamblia and H. pylori infections among mentally challenged individuals in rehabilitation centers in Alexandria, Egypt
Authors: Hassanein Faika I , Shehata Amany I , Abdul-Ghani Rashad 
Published: August 2017

Introduction: Concomitant infections with pathogens are common, particularly when there are shared modes of infection or when one pathogen promotes the other. Residence among closed-type care institutions may pose an additional risk of such infections. Mentally challenged patients in rehabilitation centers constitute one of the special needs groups exposed to parasitic infections, including giardiasis. Several studies reported concomitant infection with G. lamblia and H. pylori worldwide and in Egypt; however, the co-existence of these two pathogens among mentally challenged individuals remains unexplored. The present study aimed to study the prevalence and association between G. lamblia and H. pylori among mentally challenged patients in rehabilitation centers in Alexandria, Egypt.
Methodology: 200 individuals admitted to four mental rehabilitation centers in the period from June 2013 to January 2014, who guardians gave informed consent, were recruited. Stool samples were collected and subjected to trichrome stain for G. lamblia and to antigen detection for H. pylori.
Results: The overall prevalence rates of G. lamblia and H. pylori were 8.5% and 24.0%, respectively. Monoinfection rates were 5.5% for G. lamblia and 21.0% for H. pylori, while concomitant infection with both species was detected in only 3.0% of cases. However, individuals who were H. pylori-positive were about two times more likely to be infected with G. lamblia than those who were H. pylori-negative (12.5% vs. 7.2%).
Conclusions: Mentally challenged individuals in Alexandria harbouring H. pylori are about two times more likely to be exposed to G. lamblia. Large-scale studies are recommended to confirm this association.
Developing effective HIV education in Central Asia: a cross-sectional study among Kazakh medical students
Authors: Nugmanova Zhamilya Sakenovna , Akhmetova Gulzhakhan Mazhitovna , Kurmangalieva Gulnara Sayabekovna , Kovtunenko Nataliya Grigorievna , Kalzhanbaeva Gulmira Rakhatovna , Abdumananova Malika Kamalovna , McNutt Louise-Anne 
Published: August 2017

Introduction: The HIV epidemic continues to expand in Central Asia, bridging from injecting drug users to the general population, largely through heterosexual transmission. This study describes medical students’ attitudes and behaviours regarding HIV and sexual practices in response to recently introduced HIV curriculum.
Methodology: Medical students in Almaty, Kazakhstan, were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey between April and November, 2013. The survey assessed participant’s risk behaviours (e.g., injecting drug use, condom use), concerns related to HIV infection risk (e.g., medical care exposures, personal behaviours), and ability to identify HIV-positive individuals without asking their status. Bivariate analyses (Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test) and multivariate analysis (log-binomial regression) were conducted.
Results: Of 647 medical students, the majority were female (82.2%) and single (92.8%) with a median age of 21-22 years. Sexual activity was reported by 176 (27.2%); males were substantially more likely to report sexual activity (74.8% males vs. 16.9% females, p <.0001). The majority of sexually active medical students (65.6% and 68.3% males and females, respectively) believe they can determine if their partner is HIV-positive without asking or seeking a laboratory test. This proportion is much higher (92.6%) among married or cohabitating women. No association between perceived ability to ascertain HIV status and condom use was identified.
Conclusions: The medical students in our study had a relatively naïve perception of HIV risk, and their knowledge of risk did not translate to appropriate precautionary behaviours. Much work remains if the epidemic in Central Asia is to be contained.
Validating Rheumatoid Arthritis Remission Using the Patients’ Perspective: Results from a Special Interest Group at OMERACT 2016
Authors: Rasch Linda A. , Boers Maarten , Hill Catherine L. , Voshaar Marieke , Hoogland Wijnanda , de Wit Maarten , Flurey Caroline , Davis Bev , Hetland Merete Lund , Brahe Cecilie Heegaard , Gossec Laure , Wells George A. , Tugwell Peter , Kuriya Bindee , Goel Niti , Singh Jasvinder A. , Duarte Cátia , Da Silva José , van Schaardenburg Dirkjan , Proudman Susanna , van Tuyl Lilian H.D. 
Published: August 2017

Objective.The Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) working group on the patients’ perspective on remission in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been working on this topic since 2010. At OMERACT 2016, progress and preliminary data on validity of measurement instruments for pain, fatigue, and independence in remission in RA were presented, and future directions were explored.Methods.A special interest group was organized, in which the current data on the patients’ perspective on remission were presented. The ongoing study that aimed to validate measurement instruments for pain, fatigue, and independence in a state of low disease activity or remission was presented, and preliminary data on construct validity and discriminative capacity were evaluated cross-sectionally.Results.At OMERACT 2016, the progress of the working group and preliminary data from 142 of the anticipated 300 patients were presented. Selected instruments significantly correlated with the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (construct validity) and all instruments except 1 discriminated between patients in and patients not in remission. The subsequent discussion mainly focused around 3 points: (1) the formulation of patient perceived remission, (2) the duration of remission, and (3) the measurement of the domain independence. An informal vote indicated a slight preference for working toward modifying the current remission criteria by adding patient-reported outcomes (PRO), or by substituting the patient’s global assessment with 1 or more PRO.Conclusion.More evidence on measuring patients’ perspective on remission in RA is needed before an informed decision can be made regarding development or modification of remission definitions.
Consultancy and conflicts : Bedaux at Lukens Steel and the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company
Authors: Kipping Matthias 
Published: August 2017

Cet article examine le rôle des consultants dans des conflits qui opposent différents groupes de cadres dans des entreprises clientes. Il analyse en détail deux cas : le producteur d’aciers spéciaux américain Lukens et le prédécesseur de la compagnie pétrolière britannique BP, en focalisant l’attention sur l’intervention du cabinet Bedaux dans les deux organisations. Dans le cas Lukens, deux membres opposés de la famille propriétaire embauchent des consultants pour donner plus d’autorité et de légitimité à leurs positions respectives. Chez BP, les cadres supérieurs, basés à Londres, utilisent les consultants pour imposer une politique plus stricte de contrôle de coûts aux cadres de l’usine de raffinage à Abadan en Iran. Ces derniers s’opposent farouchement à l’intervention des consultants et essayent de mettre en doute leur crédibilité - mais sans grand succès. Ensemble, ces études de cas démontrent que les cadres n’embauchent pas uniquement les consultants pour leur expertise et savoir-faire, mais aussi pour donner plus de poids et de légitimité à leurs décisions.
Regional Differences in CO2 Emissions from the French Residential Sector: Determinants and Distributional Consequences
Authors: Ahamada Ibrahim , Fodha Mouez , Kirat Djamel 
Published: August 2017

Cet article s’intéresse aux déterminants des émissions de CO 2 des secteurs résidentiel et tertiaire en France. Nous estimons empiriquement la relation entre les émissions de CO2, le PIB, la température moyenne, le nombre de jours de gel, la technologie de chauffage et les prix de l’énergie. Les données de panel couvrent les 22 régions administratives sur la période 1995-2009. A l’aide de ces résultats, nous évaluons les conséquences régionales de la mise en œuvre d’une taxe à 22 € par tonne émise de CO 2 . Nous montrons que cette politique entraine des contributions fiscales régionales (mesurées par le ratio des recettes fiscales au PIB) très différentes. Afin de réduire l’impact inégal de cette politique, nous évaluons deux politiques d’accompagnement spécifiques à chaque région : une taxe régionale égalisant la charge fiscale entre les régions, et une redistribution forfaitaire des recettes totales permettant d’égaliser les contributions relatives des régions. Enfin, nous montrons que la prise en compte des effets spécifiques par régions peut aider à rendre la tarification carbone plus acceptable.
L’insertion internationale du syndicalisme allemand après la Seconde Guerre mondiale
Authors: Bibert Alexandre 
Published: August 2017

Après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la réintégration du syndicalisme allemand dans le concert syndical international est un sujet délicat. Aux débats sur le traitement à réserver à l’Allemagne succéda pourtant très vite une phase marquée par la volonté, exprimée par les organisations syndicales rassemblées pour former la Fédération syndicale mondiale (FSM), d’encadrer la reconstruction du syndicalisme en Allemagne. Cet article montre que le caractère tardif de la réinsertion internationale des syndicats allemands, qui n’est complète qu’en 1949, n’a pas été le fruit de préventions du syndicalisme international, mais qu’il est largement dû à celles des Alliés occidentaux contre la FSM et à l’idée d’un mouvement syndical allemand unifié dans le contexte des débuts de la Guerre froide.
Comparison of Minimally Invasive Strabismus Surgery (MISS) and Conventional Strabismus Surgery Using the Limbal Approach
Authors: Gupta Poonam , Dadeya Subhash , Kamlesh  , Bhambhawani Vishaal 
Published: August 2017

Purpose:
To compare minimally invasive strabismus surgery (MISS) with conventional strabismus surgery for horizontal recti in terms of functional outcome and complications.

Methods:
A total of 40 patients requiring surgery for horizontal recti were divided into two groups: those undergoing MISS and those operated on using the conventional limbal technique. In the MISS group, two small keyhole radial cuts were made superior and inferior to the insertion of the muscle margin. Keyhole cut size was almost 1 mm less than the amount of muscle recessed or resected.

Results:
There were significant differences in conjunctival redness and swelling in both groups on postoperative days 1 and 7 and week 3. However, after the third week, both groups had a similar appearance. Visual acuity was decreased at postoperative day 1 in both groups, but the difference was not significant. No significant differences were found for final alignment, binocular single vision, other visual acuities, refractive changes, or complications.

Conclusions:
This study shows that this new, small incision, minimal dissection technique is feasible. The MISS technique seems to be superior in the immediate postoperative period because there were fewer conjunctival and eyelid swelling complications. Long-term results did not differ between the two groups.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus.
2017;54(4):208–215.]
Place Atrium to Water Seal (PAWS): Assessing Wall Suction Versus No Suction for Chest Tubes After Open Heart Surgery
Authors: Kruse Tamara , Wahl Sharon , Guthrie Patricia Finch , Sendelbach Sue 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND
Traditionally chest tubes are set to −20 cm H2O wall suctioning until removal to facilitate drainage of blood, fluid, and air from the pleural or mediastinal space in patients after open heart surgery. However, no clear evidence supports using wall suction in these patients. Some studies in patients after pulmonary surgery indicate that using chest tubes with a water seal is safer, because this practice decreases duration of chest tube placement and eliminates air leaks.

OBJECTIVE
To show that changing chest tubes to a water seal after 12 hours of wall suction (intervention) is a safe alternative to using chest tubes with wall suction until removal of the tubes (usual care) in patients after open heart surgery.

METHODS
A before-and-after quality improvement design was used to evaluate the differences between the 2 chest tube management approaches in chest tube complications, output, and duration of placement.

RESULTS
A total of 48 patients received the intervention; 52 received usual care. The 2 groups (intervention vs usual care) did not differ significantly in complications (0 vs 2 events; P = .23), chest tube output (H1 = 0.001, P = .97), or duration of placement (median, 47 hours for both groups).

CONCLUSION
Changing chest tubes from wall suction to water seal after 12 hours of wall suction is a safe alternative to using wall suctioning until removal of the tubes.
The Neonatal Fc Receptor and Complement Fixation Facilitate Prophylactic Vaccine-Mediated Humoral Protection against Viral Infection in the Ocular Mucosa
Authors: Royer Derek J. , Carr Meghan M. , Gurung Hem R. , Halford William P. , Carr Daniel J. J. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The capacity of licensed vaccines to protect the ocular surface against infection is limited. Common ocular pathogens, such as HSV-1, are increasingly recognized as major contributors to visual morbidity worldwide. Humoral immunity is an essential correlate of protection against HSV-1 pathogenesis and ocular pathology, yet the ability of Ab to protect against HSV-1 is deemed limited due to the slow IgG diffusion rate in the healthy cornea. We show that a live-attenuated HSV-1 vaccine elicits humoral immune responses that are unparalleled by a glycoprotein subunit vaccine vis-à-vis Ab persistence and host protection. The live-attenuated vaccine was used to assess the impact of the immunization route on vaccine efficacy. The hierarchical rankings of primary immunization route with respect to efficacy were s.c. ≥ mucosal &gt; i.m. Prime-boost vaccination via sequential s.c. and i.m. administration yielded greater efficacy than any other primary immunization route alone. Moreover, our data support a role for complement in prophylactic protection, as evidenced by intracellular deposition of C3d in the corneal epithelium of vaccinated animals following challenge and delayed viral clearance in C3-deficient mice. We also identify that the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is upregulated in the cornea following infection or injury concomitant with increased Ab perfusion. Lastly, selective small interfering RNA–mediated knockdown of FcRn in the cornea impeded protection against ocular HSV-1 challenge in vaccinated mice. Collectively, these findings establish a novel mechanism of humoral protection in the eye involving FcRn and may facilitate vaccine and therapeutic development for other ocular surface diseases.
Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Vector Induces Specific Cellular and Humoral Responses in the Female Reproductive Tract, the Main HIV Portal of Entry
Authors: Marlin Romain , Nugeyre Marie-Thérèse , Tchitchek Nicolas , Parenti Matteo , Hocini Hakim , Benjelloun Fahd , Cannou Claude , Dereuddre-Bosquet Nathalie , Levy Yves , Barré-Sinoussi Françoise , Scarlatti Gabriella , Le Grand Roger , Menu Elisabeth 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The female reproductive tract (FRT) is one of the major mucosal invasion sites for HIV-1. This site has been neglected in previous HIV-1 vaccine studies. Immune responses in the FRT after systemic vaccination remain to be characterized. Using a modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) as a vaccine model, we characterized specific immune responses in all compartments of the FRT of nonhuman primates after systemic vaccination. Memory T cells were preferentially found in the lower tract (vagina and cervix), whereas APCs and innate lymphoid cells were mainly located in the upper tract (uterus and fallopian tubes). This compartmentalization of immune cells in the FRT was supported by transcriptomic analyses and a correlation network. Polyfunctional MVA-specific CD8+ T cells were detected in the blood, lymph nodes, vagina, cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes. Anti-MVA IgG and IgA were detected in cervicovaginal fluid after a second vaccine dose. Thus, systemic vaccination with an MVA vector elicits cellular and Ab responses in the FRT.
Aquatic biomonitoring: Lessons from the past, challenges for the future
Authors: Bolpagni Rossano , Bresciani Mariano , Fenoglio Stefano 
Published: August 2017

This special issue stems from an increasing awareness on the key contribution made by biometrics and biological indices in the quality classification of aquatic ecosystems. This theme has been the subject of passionate debate during the 13th European Ecological Federation (EEF) and 25th Italian Society of Ecology’s (S.It.E.) joined congresses held in Rome in September 2015. In this frame, on the margins of the special symposium named “Biomonitoring: Lessons from the past, challenges for the future”, it was launched the idea of a special issue of the Journal of Limnology on the “aquatic” contributions presented at the conference. The present volume mainly reports these studies, enriched by few invited papers. Among the other things, the main message is the need of a better integration between sector knowledges and legislative instruments. This is even truer given the on-going climate change, and the necessity to record rapid changes in ecosystems and to elaborate effective/adaptive responses to them.
Lie Derivatives and Ricci Tensor on Real Hypersurfaces in Complex Two-plane Grassmannians
Authors: Jeong Imsoon , Dios Pérez Juan de , Suh Young Jin , Woo Changhwa 
Published: August 2017

AbstractOn a real hypersurface M in a complex two-plane Grassmannian G2() we have the Lie derivation and a differential operator of order one associated with the generalized Tanaka–Webster connection . We give a classification of real hypersurfaces M on G2() satisfying , where ξ is the Reeb vector field on M and S the Ricci tensor of M.
An efficient impurity-solver for the dynamical mean field theory algorithm
Authors: Núñez Fernández Yuriel , Hallberg Karen 
Published: August 2017

One of the most reliable and widely used methods to calculate electronic structure of strongly correlated models is the Dynamical Mean Field Theory (DMFT) developed over two decades ago. It is a non-perturbative algorithm which, in its simplest version, takes into account strong local interactions by mapping the original lattice model on to a single impurity model. This model has to be solved using some many-body technique. Several methods have been used, the most reliable and promising of which is the Density Matrix Renormalization technique. In this paper, we present an optimized implementation of this method based on using the star geometry and correction-vector algorithms to solve the related impurity Hamiltonian and obtain dynamical properties on the real frequency axis. We show results for the half-filled and doped one-band Hubbard models on a square lattice.
Received: 31 March 2017, Accepted: 6 June 2017; Edited by: D. Domínguez; Reviewed by: A. Feiguin, Northeastern University, Boston, United States; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4279/PIP.090005
Cite as: Y Núñez Fernández, K Hallberg, Papers in Physics 9, 090005 (2017)
This paper, by Y Núñez Fernández, K Hallberg, is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0.
Artérias da bolsa cloacal de galinhas (Gallus gallus) da linhagem Hybro PG
Authors: Gomes Andréa Regina Abrantes , Carneiro e Silva Frederico Ozanam , Miranda Renata Lima , Resende Gabrielle Gonçalves Narciso 
Published: August 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2009v22n4p153 A pesquisa baseou-se no estudo da origem, número e ordenação dos vasos arteriais e seus ramos os quais irrigam a bolsa cloacal de 30 galinhas (Gallus gallus) da linhagem Hybro PG. Inicialmente, foi injetada, na artéria isquiática dos exemplares, uma solução aquosa a 50% de Neoprene Látex 450 e, posteriormente, realizada a dissecação. Os resultados evidenciaram a participação das artérias pudendas interna esquerda e direita e bursocloacal, em todos os animais estudados, variando apenas o número e a ordenação de seus ramos. Houve também vasos oriundos das artérias caudal mediana (23%) e pudenda externa esquerda (3,33%). O número total de ramos variou de um a quatro e sua distribuição seguiu de forma singular para cada exemplar.