bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oatmeal particle size alters glycemic index but not as a function of gastric emptying rate
Authors: Mackie Alan R. , Bajka Balazs H. , Rigby Neil M. , Wilde Peter J. , Alves-Pereira Fatima , Mosleth Ellen F. , Rieder Anne , Kirkhus Bente , Salt Louise J. 
Published: June 2017

The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which oat particle size in a porridge could alter glucose absorption, gastric emptying, gastrointestinal hormone response, and subjective feelings of appetite and satiety. Porridge was prepared from either oat flakes or oat flour with the same protein, fat, carbohydrate, and mass. These were fed to eight volunteers on separate days in a crossover study, and subjective appetite ratings, gastric contents, and plasma glucose, insulin, and gastrointestinal hormones were determined over a period of 3 h. The flake porridge gave a lower glucose response than the flour porridge, and there were apparent differences in gastric emptying in both the early and late postprandial phases. The appetite ratings showed similar differences between early- and late-phase behavior. The structure of the oat flakes remained sufficiently intact to delay their gastric emptying, leading to a lower glycemic response, even though initial gastric emptying rates were similar for the flake and flour porridge. This highlights the need to take food structure into account when considering relatively simple physiological measures and offering nutritional guidance.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The impact of food structure on glycemic response even in simple foods such as porridge is dependent on both timing of gastric emptying and the composition of what is emptied as well as duodenal starch digestion. Thus structure should be accounted for when considering relatively simple physiological measures and offering nutritional guidance.
Spinal cord stimulation reduces ventricular arrhythmias during acute ischemia by attenuation of regional myocardial excitability
Authors: Howard-Quijano Kimberly , Takamiya Tatsuo , Dale Erica A. , Kipke Jasmine , Kubo Yukiko , Grogan Tristan , Afyouni Andyshea , Shivkumar Kalyanam , Mahajan Aman 
Published: June 2017

Myocardial ischemia creates autonomic nervous system imbalance and can trigger cardiac arrhythmias. We hypothesized that neuromodulation by spinal cord stimulation (SCS) will attenuate local cardiac sympathoexcitation from ischemia-induced increases in afferent signaling, reduce ventricular arrhythmias, and improve myocardial function during acute ischemia. Yorkshire pigs ( n = 20) were randomized to SCS (50 Hz at 200-μs duration, current 90% motor threshold) or sham operation (sham) for 30 min before ischemia. A four-pole SCS lead was placed percutaneously in the epidural space (T1–T4), and a 56-electrode mesh was placed over the heart for high-resolution electrophysiological recordings, including activation recovery intervals (ARIs), activation time, repolarization time, and dispersion of repolarization. Electrophysiological and hemodynamic measures were recorded at baseline, after SCS/sham, during acute ischemia (300-s coronary artery ligation), and throughout reperfusion. SCS 1) reduced sympathoexcitation-induced ARI and repolarization time shortening in the ischemic myocardium; 2) attenuated increases in the dispersion of repolarization; 3) reduced ventricular tachyarrythmias [nonsustained ventricular tachycardias: 24 events (3 sham animals) vs. 1 event (1 SCS animal), P < 0.001]; and 4) improved myocardial function (dP/d t from baseline to ischemia: 1,814 ± 213 to 1,596 ± 282 mmHg/s in sham vs. 1,422 ± 299 to 1,380 ± 299 mmHg/s in SCS, P < 0.01). There was no change in ventricular electrophysiology during baseline conditions without myocardial stress or in the nonischemic myocardium. In conclusion, in a porcine model of acute ventricular ischemia, SCS reduced regional myocardial sympathoexcitation, decreased ventricular arrhythmias, and improved myocardial function. SCS decreased sympathetic nerve activation locally in the ischemic myocardium with no effect observed in the normal myocardium, thus providing mechanistic insights into the antiarrhythmic and myocardial protective effects of SCS. NEW & NOTEWORTHY In a porcine model of ventricular ischemia, spinal cord stimulation decreased sympathetic nerve activation regionally in ischemic myocardium with no effect on normal myocardium, demonstrating that the antiarrhythmic effects of spinal cord stimulation are likely due to attenuation of local sympathoexcitation in the ischemic myocardium and not changes in global myocardial electrophysiology.
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation improves skeletal muscle regeneration through satellite cell fusion with myofibers in healthy elderly subjects
Authors: Di Filippo Ester Sara , Mancinelli Rosa , Marrone Mariangela , Doria Christian , Verratti Vittore , Toniolo Luana , Dantas José Luiz , Fulle Stefania , Pietrangelo Tiziana 
Published: June 2017

The aim of this study was to determine whether neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) affects skeletal muscle regeneration through a reduction of oxidative status in satellite cells of healthy elderly subjects. Satellite cells from the vastus lateralis skeletal muscle of 12 healthy elderly subjects before and after 8 wk of NMES were allowed to proliferate to provide myogenic populations of adult stem cells [myogenic precursor cells (MPCs)]. These MPCs were then investigated in terms of their proliferation, their basal cytoplasmic free Ca2+concentrations, and their expression of myogenic regulatory factors ( PAX3, PAX7, MYF5, MYOD, and MYOG) and micro-RNAs (miR-1, miR-133a/b, and miR-206). The oxidative status of these MPCs was evaluated through superoxide anion production and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. On dissected single skeletal myofibers, the nuclei were counted to determine the myonuclear density, the fiber phenotype, cross-sectional area, and tension developed. The MPCs obtained after NMES showed increased proliferation rates along with increased cytoplasmic free Ca2+concentrations and gene expression of MYOD and MYOG on MPCs. Muscle-specific miR-1, miR-133a/b, and miR-206 were upregulated. This NMES significantly reduced superoxide anion production, along with a trend to reduction of superoxide dismutase activity. The NMES-dependent stimulation of muscle regeneration enhanced satellite cell fusion with mature skeletal fibers. NMES improved the regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle in elderly subjects. Accordingly, the skeletal muscle strength and mobility of NMES-stimulated elderly subjects significantly improved. NMES may thus be further considered for clinical or ageing populations.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) effect on skeletal muscle regeneration was assessed in healthy elderly subjects for the first time. NMES improved the regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle through increased myogenic precursor cell proliferation and fusion with mature myofibers. The increased cytoplasmic free Ca2+concentration along with MYOD, MYOG, and micro-RNA upregulation could be related to reduced O2·−production, which, in turn, favors myogenic regeneration. Accordingly, the skeletal muscle strength of NMES-stimulated lower limbs of healthy elderly subjects improved along with their mobility.
Oxidized Phospholipids and Risk of Calcific Aortic Valve Disease
Authors: Kamstrup Pia R. , Hung Ming-Yow , Witztum Joseph L. , Tsimikas Sotirios , Nordestgaard Børge G. 
Published: June 2017

Objective—
Lipoprotein(a) is causally associated with calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). Lipoprotein(a) carries proinflammatory and procalcific oxidized phospholipids (OxPL). We tested whether the CAVD risk is mediated by the content of OxPL on lipoprotein(a).

Approach and Results—

A case–control study was performed within the Copenhagen General Population Study (n=87 980), including 725 CAVD cases (1977–2013) and 1413 controls free of cardiovascular disease. OxPL carried by apoB (apolipoprotein B-100; OxPL-apoB) or apolipoprotein(a) (OxPL-apo(a)) containing lipoproteins, lipoprotein(a) levels,
LPA
kringle IV type 2 repeat, and rs10455872 genetic variants were measured. OxPL-apoB and OxPL-apo(a) levels correlated with lipoprotein(a) levels among cases (
r
=0.75 and
r
=0.95; both
P
<0.001) and controls (
r
=0.65 and
r
=0.93; both
P
<0.001). OxPL-apoB levels associated with risk of CAVD with odds ratios of 1.2 (95% confidence interval [CI]:1.0–1.6) for 34th to 66th percentile levels, 1.6 (95% CI, 1.2–2.1) for 67th to 90th percentile levels, 2.0 (95% CI, 1.3–3.0) for 91st to 95th percentile levels, and 3.4 (95% CI, 2.1–5.5) for levels >95th percentile, versus levels <34th percentile (trend,
P
<0.001). Corresponding odds ratios for OxPL-apo(a) were 1.2 (95% CI, 1.0–1.5), 1.2(95% CI, 0.9–1.6), 2.1(95% CI, 1.4–3.1), and 2.9(95% CI, 1.9–4.5; trend,
P
<0.001) and were similar for lipoprotein(a).
LPA
genotypes associated with OxPL-apoB, OxPL-apo(a), and lipoprotein(a) levels and explained 34%, 46%, and 39%, respectively, of the total variation in levels.
LPA
genotypes associated with risk of CAVD; a doubling in genetically determined OxPL-apoB, OxPL-apo(a), and lipoprotein(a) levels associated with odds ratio of CAVD of 1.18 (95% CI, 1.10–1.27), 1.09 (95% CI, 1.05–1.13), and 1.09 (95% CI, 1.05–1.14), respectively, comparable to the corresponding observational estimates of 1.27 (95% CI, 1.16–1.39), 1.13 (95% CI, 1.08–1.18), and 1.11 (95% CI, 1.06–1.17).

Conclusions—
OxPL-apoB and OxPL-apo(a) are novel genetic and potentially causal risk factors for CAVD and may explain the association of lipoprotein(a) with CAVD.
Robust patient-derived xenografts of MDS/MPN overlap syndromes capture the unique characteristics of CMML and JMML
Authors: Yoshimi Akihide , Balasis Maria E. , Vedder Alexis , Feldman Kira , Ma Yan , Zhang Hailing , Lee Stanley Chun-Wei , Letson Christopher , Niyongere Sandrine , Lu Sydney X. , Ball Markus , Taylor Justin , Zhang Qing , Zhao Yulong , Youssef Salma , Chung Young Rock , Zhang Xiao Jing , Durham Benjamin H. , Yang Wendy , List Alan F. , Loh Mignon L. , Klimek Virginia , Berger Michael F. , Stieglitz Elliot , Padron Eric , Abdel-Wahab Omar 
Published: June 2017

Key Points
Genetically accurate xenografts of CMML are achievable with near 100% frequency in NSGS mice. Robust human engraftment and overt phenotypes of CMML and JMML xenografts here facilitate preclinical therapeutic evaluation in vivo.
Safety Considerations During Transitions of Care From Inpatient to Outpatient Settings
Authors: Ponce de Leon Marcus , Hohler Anna D. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Hospital admissions are times of intense change. New medications are started, treatment regimens are modified, and care plans that will continue in the outpatient setting are initiated. After discharge, most patients receive care from different providers than those seen in the hospital. This situation will increase as inpatient-based practice patterns, such as neurohospitalist practices, become more prevalent. Communication failures during the transition from hospital to clinic increase the risk of adverse events. Providers must realize that successful transition can impact the patient’s health as significantly as treatment of the admitting diagnosis. The transition should be carefully planned and standardized. This article discusses common pitfalls encountered during the transition period and highlights methods to improve patient care and safety.
Environmental Neurologic Injuries
Authors: Savica Rodolfo 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Purpose of Review: This article discusses neurologic complications resulting from environmental injuries and the treatment modalities for these conditions.

Recent Findings: Recent advances include improved management of altitude sickness. Relatively uncommon conditions, such as keraunoparalysis (lightning-induced paralysis) and high-pressure neurologic syndrome, are areas of ongoing study.

Summary: Environmental injuries may be associated with serious neurologic sequelae. This article reviews thermal and electrical injuries as well as injuries related to aviation, altitude, and diving. Recognition of signs and symptoms of such complex injuries and exposures will permit accurate diagnoses and improved outcomes.
Moisture-stable Perovskite Material with 1,3-Propanediaminium Cation for Solar Cell Application
Authors: Jiang Linqin , Qiu Yu , Zhang Hao , Lin Lingyan , Yan Fengbo , Chen Dagui 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We report on the synthesis and the optical properties of a series of perovskite-type materials containing different organic ammonium cations. The band gaps of the series decrease with the increasing alkyl chain length and the number of the ammonium groups. The (CH2)3(NH3)2PbI4 (DAPPbI4) perovskite synthesized from 1,3-diaminopropane exhibits wide light absorption up to 950 nm and high moisture stability. A pristine solar cell made with the DAPPbI4 absorber layer achieves a power conversion efficiency of 0.141% without any optimization. Our results pave a promising way toward stable and optically tunable perovskites for solar cell applications by altering the organic cation chemistry.
STRUCTURE AND CONTENTS OF A VOLLEYBALL LESSON. METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS
Authors: Чайка  , Chayka Natalya 
Published: June 2017

The article describes the process of gaining and teaching motion skills under the conditions of learning how to play volleyball. It outlines theoretical and practical aspects of volleyball players’ physical education.
Methodological recommendations deal with several relevant problems of motion skills development. These skills depend on active motion activity, physical development, gaining sports skills. The research contains recommendations on training, planning a lesson, using special means and methods for students with different physical fitness level.
Applying this methodology to physical education lessons increases students’ physical and theoretical volleyball skills.
Orientações para utilização de acelerômetros no Brasil
Authors: Sasaki Jeffer , Coutinho Andrée , Santos Carla , Bertuol Cecília , Minatto Giseli , Berria Juliane , Tonosaki Lúcia , Lima Luiz , Marchesan Moane , Silveira Pablo , Krug Rodrigo , Benedetti Tânia 
Published: June 2017

O objetivo do presente estudo foi apresentar um conjunto de orientações para a utilização de acelerômetros no Brasil. O método consistiu na revisão e síntese de artigos que utilizaram acelerômetros como instrumento de medida objetiva da atividade física. Com base nesses estudos, buscou-se apresentar orientações para as fases pré-coleta (seleção do acelerômetro; testagem da calibração dos acelerômetros, atualização de firmware; estudo piloto; e definição de protocolo), coleta (distribuição dos acelerômetros; contato com participantes; e devolução dos acelerômetros) e pós-coleta (processamento; transformação e interpretação dos dados; e comparabilidade dos dados) do uso de acelerômetros. São descritos procedimentos para facilitar as tomadas de decisões relacionadas ao uso desses dispositivos, bem como para obtenção de dados de acelerometria válidos e reprodutíveis. As orientações são uma iniciativa de pesquisadores da área a fim de proporcionar um avanço metodológico nas medidas objetivas da atividade física. A adoção das orientações pode facilitar a padronização dos procedimentos empregados e a comparabilidade de resultados entre estudos com acelerômetros no Brasil.
Characterization of the Second Package of the Alternative Buffer Material (ABM) Experiment — II Exchangeable Cation Population Rearrangement
Authors: Dohrmann R. , Kaufhold S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBentonites are candidate materials for encapsulating radioactive waste within barrier systems in crystalline rocks. In the ‘Alternative Buffer Material’ (ABM) test in the hard rock laboratory in Äspö, Sweden, six packages of eleven different buffer materials (mainly bentonites) with various exchangeable cation populations were packed vertically with an iron tube used as a heater in the center. After installation, the second ‘ABM package’ (ABM-II) was first allowed to saturate with water for approximately 2.5 years. The blocks were then exposed to a temperature of up to 141°C for approximately 3–4 years. The hypotheses for the present study were: (1) no horizontal gradient of the cation exchange population was present in the individual blocks of ABM-II because ABM-II had a longer reaction time in comparison to the ABM-I package, which did not have horizontal gradients; (2) the exchangeable cation Ca2+:Na+:Mg2+ ratio was equal in all blocks of ABM-II and was independent of block position in the package. As expected from ABM-I, all blocks in the ABM-II experiment showed large differences between the measured values of the reference materials and the reacted samples. The exchangeable Na+ and Mg2+ values in ABM-II were reduced by up to 55% to 59% in comparison to the reference material. Contrary to the first hypothesis, horizontal gradients were observed in ABM-II; and, contrary to the second hypothesis, the exchangeable cation ratios differed markedly in the different reacted buffer materials. The largest total Na+ loss was observed in the middle part (-67%), whereas Mg2+ values decreased by 79% in the upper part. The exchangeable Ca2+ values increased strongly in ABM-II, particularly in the upper part. The most useful parameter to distinguish between ion exchange equilibria of ABM-I and ABM-II was the Na+/Mg2+ ratio. This ratio was constant in ABM-I (3.0) and had a similar ratio (3.5) in the lower part of ABM-II; however, the ratio strongly increased (5–10) in the upper part of the ABM-II package. The large Na+/Mg2+ ratios in the upper part of ABM-II could possibly be explained by water loss into the rock (caused by a pressure drop and boiling) and subsequent water uptake.
Adaptation of Star Properties Concept Inventory<p>Yıldız Özellikleri Kavram Envanteri uyarlama çalışması
Authors: Dinçer Emrah Oğuzhan , Çobanoğlu Aktan Derya 
Published: June 2017

The aim of this study is to adapt “Star Properties Concept Inventory-SPCI” developed by Bailey, Johnson, Prather, and Slater (2012) into Turkish, and to make validity and reliability analyses of the inventory. The original inventory is consisted of 22 items. The study is conducted with the participation of 386 students from three different universities. Preservice science teachers and fourth grade astronomy students are formed this research group. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient is determined as 0.82 for the inventory. As a result of item analysis of data gained from application of inventory; item discrimination indexes are found between 0.07 and 0.73, item difficulty indexes are found between 0.13 and 0.75. While the average of test is found as 7.27, the average difficulty is 0.33. The content validity is determined by taking expert opinions.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı, Bailey, Johnson, Prather ve Slater (2012) tarafından geliştirilen “Star Properties Concept Inventory-SPCI” Yıldız Özellikleri Kavram Envanterini (YÖKE) Türkçeye uyarlamak ve Türkçe uyarlamanın güvenirlik ve geçerlik çalışmasını yapmaktır. Envanterin orijinali 22 sorudan oluşmaktadır. Araştırma üç farklı üniversiteden toplam 386 öğrencinin katılımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma örneklemi, astronomi bölümü dördüncü sınıf öğrencileri ile fen ve teknoloji öğretmen adaylarından oluşmaktadır. Cronbach alfa katsayısı ölçme aracı için 0.82 olarak belirlenmiştir. Kavram testinin uygulanması sonucu elde edilen verilerin madde analizi sonucunda maddelerin ayırıcılık güçlerinin 0.07 ile 0.73 arasında, madde güçlük indislerinin de 0.13 ile 0.75 arasında olduğu bulunmuştur. Testin ortalaması 7.27 bulunurken, testin ortalama güçlüğü de 0.33’tür. Testin kapsam geçerliği uzman görüşleri alınarak belirlenmiştir.
Lobbying regulation in Ireland: Fool’s errand or finest hour?
Authors: Murphy Gary 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This paper examines and assesses the strengths and weaknesses of the 2015 Regulation of Lobbying Act passed by the Fine Gael/Labour government. It addresses the question of whether the Act was of a cosmetic nature with little impact on openness, transparency and accountability in public life or whether it was the result of positive policy learning from international experiences. After assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the Act, the paper argues that the leadership of the Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform, Brendan Howlin, TD, acting in a policy entrepreneurial way, was vital to the implementation of the Act in its final form. Finally, the paper advocates the view that the introduction of this Act is of crucial importance in ensuring that public policymaking in the Irish state is open, transparent and accountable.
The Cost of Oncology Medicines
Authors: Zlatareva A. , Krahtova K. , Kazak Tch. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Cancer as a financial value is one of the most expensive diseases. Costs, including the cost of new cancer drugs, are increasing at an unsustainable rate, threatening the permanent access of patients to treatment. Prices for new treatments against cancer have doubled over the past 10 years and now are usually between USD 6000 and USD 10,000 per month, this increase is often not correlated with reimbursement and implemented public health benefits. According to various authors, these results lead to debate whether the cost differences between EU countries and the US for the treatment of oncologic diseases are transformed into improved outcomes for patients, and must also take into account key factors such as lifestyle, late diagnosis, and management approach for treatment, reimbursement of oncology treatment and control of various institutions on spending.
A Physiotherapy Program for Recovery of the Ankle/Foot Complex after Surgery to Correct a Cartilage Defect (Osteochondritis Dissecans) for Implementation in the Period of Home Recovery
Authors: Vassileva-Decheva D. , Sokolov Cv. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The aim of this study is to build a suitable physiotherapy program for recovery of patients undergoing surgery in combination with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy of the ankle joint, intended for implementation in the period of home treatment. This delineation of physiotherapy program contains an aim, the tasks set for realization of the aim and the used physiotherapy means. It is developed for the period of home treatment from postoperative week 2 (days 8-15) to the postoperative week 8 (days 56-63), the period that is very important for the normal recovery of the ankle/foot complex. The physiotherapy program is arranged into weeks and each of them contains the used physiotherapy means, the exercise duration and the therapeutic effect.