bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wind-Driven Circulation in a Shelf Valley. Part I: Mechanism of the Asymmetrical Response to Along-Shelf Winds in Opposite Directions
Authors: Zhang Weifeng , Lentz Steven J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMotivated by observations in Hudson shelf valley showing stronger onshore than offshore flows, this study investigates wind-driven flows in idealized shallow shelf valleys. This first part of a two-part sequence focuses on the mechanism of the asymmetrical flow response in a valley to along-shelf winds of opposite directions. Model simulations show that (i) when the wind is in the opposite direction to coastal-trapped wave (CTW) phase propagation, the shelf flow turns onshore in the valley and generates strong up-valley transport and a standing meander on the upstream side (in the sense of CTW phase propagation) of the valley, and (ii) when the wind is in the same direction as CTW phase propagation, the flow forms a symmetric onshore detour pattern over the valley with negligible down-valley transport. Comparison of the modeled upstream meanders in the first scenario with CTW characteristics confirms that the up-valley flow results from CTWs being arrested by the wind-driven shelf flow establishing lee waves. The valley bathymetry generates an initial excessive onshore pressure gradient force that drives the up-valley flow and induces CTW lee waves that sustain the up-valley flow. When the wind-driven shelf flow aligns with CTW phase propagation, the initial disturbance generated in the valley propagates away, allowing the valley flow to adjust to roughly follow isobaths. Because of the similarity in the physical setup, this mechanism of arrested CTWs generating stronger onshore than offshore flow is expected to be applicable to the flow response in slope canyons to along-isobath background flows of opposite directions.
Clinical Analysis of Recurrence Patterns in Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Treated With Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
Authors: Wang Lijun , Guo Yesong , Xu Jianhua , Chen Zhenzhang , Jiang Xuesong , Zhang Lanfang , Huang Shengfu , He Xia , Zhang Yiqin 
Published: October 2017

Objective: To evaluate the characteristics and risk factors for locoregional recurrence in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Methods: The clinical diagnosis and treatment data of 195 patients with NPC treated with IMRT from March 2005 to May 2010 (including 9, 24, 70, and 92 cases of stage I, II, III, and IV disease, respectively, according to the 7th edition American Joint Committee on Cancer staging criteria) were retrospectively analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and logistic regression was used to conduct univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: The 5-year recurrence rate was 10.8%, and the 5-year local and regional recurrence rates were 8.7% and 3.4%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the short axis of the cervical lymph nodes (≥3 cm) was an influencing factor for regional lymph node recurrence after IMRT. Conclusion: In-field and high-dose region failures were the main patterns associated with local-regional recurrence, and nasopharyngeal recurrence was most commonly detected. Newly diagnosed patients with large cervical lymph nodes (short diameter ≥3 cm) should be carefully followed up considering regional lymph node recurrence.
Neoliberal Workfare and the Battle for Grassroots Control in Argentina
Authors: Araujo Steven 
Published: October 2017

While the vast majority of the academic literature on the popular classes and social programs in Argentina revolves around the concept of clientelism, it has largely ignored organizations that administer these programs without participating in clientelist networks and thus giving up their political autonomy. The struggle for grassroots control of an Argentine unemployed workers’ movement known as the Frente de Organizaciones en Lucha depends on the use of neoliberal workfare programs. Its ability to take resources from the state and administer them according to its own principles and priorities challenges the inference that receiving social programs necessarily leads to co-optation. La mayor parte de la literatura académica sobre las clases populares y los planes sociales en Argentina gira en torno al concepto del clientelismo. Se han ignorado, sin embargo y en gran medida, las organizaciones que administran estos programas sin participar en dichas redes ni renunciar a su autonomía política. La lucha por la autogestión del Frente de Organizaciones en Lucha, un movimiento de trabajadores desocupados, depende del uso de programas de contraprestación laboral (workfare) neoliberales. Su capacidad de tomar recursos del estado y administrarlos según sus principios y prioridades desafía la idea de que recibir la ayuda otorgada por planes sociales inevitablemente lleva a la cooptación.
Leucine and resistance training improve hyperglycemia, white adipose tissue loss, and inflammatory parameters in an experimental model of type 1 diabetes
Authors: Ribeiro Henrique Quintas Teixeira , Coqueiro Audrey Yule , Lima Vanessa Batista de Sousa , Martins Carlos Eduardo Carvalho , Tirapegui Julio 
Published: October 2017

Background: Loss of white adipose tissue (WAT), associated with type 1 diabetes (DM1), contributes to increased chronic systemic inflammation. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of leucine supplementation and resistance training (RT) in attenuating WAT loss and improving inflammatory parameters and glucose metabolism in DM1 rats. Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were distributed into four groups: DA (sedentary and supplemented with non-essential amino acids (NEAA)), DL (sedentary and supplemented with leucine), DTA (submitted to RT and supplemented with NEAA) and DTL (submitted to RT and supplemented with leucine). DM1 was induced by streptozotocin (STZ). An 8-week period of RT consisted of climbing a ladder with a progressively increased load, and supplementation was offered in the feed. Results: Glycemia, polyphagia and polydipsia were lower in DL, DTA and DTL groups compared with the DA group by approximately 20% ( p<.0001), 28% ( p=.004) and 64% ( p<.0001), respectively. Weight of total WAT and retroperitoneal adipose tissue (RPAT) were higher by approximately 21% ( p=.01) and 54% ( p=.0004), respectively, in DL, DTA and DTL groups compared with DA. However, gene expression of adiponectin and leptin in RPAT was only increased by RT (DTA and DTL) compared with DA and DL by approximately 93% ( p<.0001) and 78% ( p=.0002), respectively. Similarly, the levels of adiponectin in the serum, tissue IL-10 (RPAT) and serum IL-10 were only increased in DTA and DTL compared with DA and DL by approximately 31% ( p=.03), 45% ( p=.0009) and 35% ( p=.003), respectively. Conclusions: Both interventions, isolated or together, reduced hyperglycemia and excessive loss of WAT, but RT was the main factor responsible for attenuating inflammation.
Return to Sport-Specific Performance After Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mohtadi Nicholas G. , Chan Denise S. 
Published: October 2017

Background: Physicians counseling athletes on the prognosis of sport-specific performance outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) depend on the published literature. However, critical appraisal of the validity and biases in these studies is required to understand how ACLR affects an athlete’s ability to return to sport, the athlete’s sport-specific performance, and his or her ability to achieve preinjury levels of performance. Purpose: This review identifies the published prognostic studies evaluating sport-specific performance outcomes after ACLR. A risk of bias assessment and summaries of return to sport and career longevity results are provided for each included study. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: Electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PUBMED) were searched via a defined search strategy with no limits, to identify relevant studies for inclusion in the review. A priori defined eligibility criteria included studies measuring sport-specific performance within an athlete’s sport, before and after primary ACLR. Reference lists of eligible studies were hand-searched for additional relevant studies. Data extraction was performed by use of a standardized spreadsheet. Each included study was assessed by use of 6 bias domains of the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool to critically appraise study participation, study attrition, prognostic factors, outcome measurement, confounders, and statistical analysis and reporting. Two authors independently performed each stage of the review and reached consensus through discussion. Results: Fifteen pertinent prognostic studies evaluated sport-specific performance outcomes and/or return to play after ACLR for athletes participating in competitive soccer, football, ice hockey, basketball, Alpine ski, X-Games ski and snowboarding, and baseball. Twelve of these studies were considered to have a high level of bias. Conclusion: This review demonstrated that most high-performance or professional athletes returned to their preinjury level of sport after ACLR. The bulk of evidence suggests there was a measurable decrease in performance statistics, although this is highly sport-specific. A paucity of literature is available that addresses sport-specific performance in athletes after ACLR. This review has determined that the available literature is highly biased and must be read with caution. Clinical Relevance: By better understanding the validity and biases in the published literature, physicians can provide more informed prognoses about return to sport-specific performance after ACLR while considering risk factors relevant to their patients. Registration: CRD42016046709 (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ )
Nintedanib for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Tepede Abisola , Yogaratnam Dinesh 
Published: October 2017

Objective: To review the pharmacology, safety, and efficacy of nintedanib for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Methods: A literature search was conducted via PubMed using the MeSH term “idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis” combined with the key word “nintedanib.” Additional online searches using Google Scholar, Micromedex, and PubMed were performed to obtain prescribing and cost information. Results: One phase II and 2 replicate phase III clinical trials that examined the safety and efficacy of nintedanib for IPF were identified. In patients with IPF, nintedanib was more effective than placebo in slowing the annual rate of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC). Improvements in mortality, quality of life, and risk of acute exacerbations have not been consistently demonstrated in clinical trials. Diarrhea was the most common adverse effect associated with nintedanib use. Outside of these clinical trials, there are limited data evaluating nintedanib for the treatment of IPF. Conclusions: Nintedanib is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with IPF. Nintedanib slows IPF disease progression by reducing the rate of decline in FVC. Reductions in mortality and acute exacerbations may be present in certain subgroups of patients, but these outcomes require further research. Future studies on nintedanib are needed to explore its use in more advanced stages of IPF, its long-term safety and efficacy, its value in combination with pirfenidone or other therapies for IPF, and its cost-effectiveness in clinical practice.
Access to Medical Records’ Impact on Community Pharmacist–Delivered Medication Therapy Management: A Pilot From the Medication Safety Research Network of Indiana (Rx-SafeNet)
Authors: Gernant Stephanie A. , Zillich Alan J. , Snyder Margie E. 
Published: October 2017

Background: Medication therapy management (MTM) may be optimized if pharmacists engaged in health information exchange (HIE) by reviewing unedited medical records. Methods: In this nonblinded, randomized, controlled pilot, pharmacists delivered a part of MTM, comprehensive medication reviews (CMRs), to adult patients in a practice-based research network (PBRN). Intervention community pharmacists solicited the last 6 months of patients’ primary care provider-held, unedited medical records. The primary and secondary outcomes were the number of medication-related problems (MRPs) and preventive care omissions identified. The intervention was analyzed via Mann-Whitney U test and multivariate linear regression models. Pharmacists were surveyed regarding the available health history’s helpfulness in CMR delivery. Results: Thirty-seven patients received CMRs across the 2 groups. Intervention pharmacists (n = 4) identified significantly more MRPs (median = 11 vs 6; B = 6.98, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.005-13.96; P = .049) and omissions in preventive care (24% vs 17%; B = 2.78, 95% CI: 0.46-5.10; P = .009) than usual care pharmacists (n = 3). Intervention pharmacists were more likely to agree they were confident they identified all of the patient’s MRPs (47.1% vs 15.8%), but neither group was more likely than the other to believe they had resolved all MRPs (41.2% vs 42.1%). Finally, intervention pharmacists agreed 100% of the time that the available health history helped them complete a better CMR, compared with only 69% of usual care pharmacists. Conclusion: In this pilot, community pharmacists identified more MRPs and omissions in preventive care when they reviewed unedited medical records. Larger studies are warranted to determine whether HIE can improve outcomes.
Shared decision making in mental health: the importance for current clinical practice
Authors: Alguera-Lara Victoria , Dowsey Michelle M , Ride Jemimah , Kinder Skye , Castle David 
Published: October 2017

Objectives: We reviewed the literature on shared decision making (regarding treatments in psychiatry), with a view to informing our understanding of the decision making process and the barriers that exist in clinical practice. Methods: Narrative review of published English-language articles. Results: After culling, 18 relevant articles were included. Themes identified included models of psychiatric care, benefits for patients, and barriers. There is a paucity of published studies specifically related to antipsychotic medications. Conclusions: Shared decision making is a central part of the recovery paradigm and is of increasing importance in mental health service delivery. The field needs to better understand the basis on which decisions are reached regarding psychiatric treatments. Discrete choice experiments might be useful to inform the development of tools to assist shared decision making in psychiatry.
The acquisition of Greek gender by bilingual children: The effects of lexical knowledge, oral input, literacy and bi/monolingual schooling
Authors: Prentza Alexandra , Kaltsa Maria , Tsimpli Ianthi Maria , Papadopoulou Despina 
Published: October 2017

Aim: The objectives of this study are to examine (a) the development of gender assignment and agreement in real and pseudo nouns by bilingual Greek-Albanian children and (b) how different input-related factors impact on these different processes. Methodology: Real and pseudo nouns were investigated to assess the effect of lexical knowledge (real nouns) and of morphological cues (pseudo nouns). Four tasks eliciting gender production in determiner phrases (assignment) and adjective predicates (agreement) for real and pseudo items were administered. Data: 150 bilingual children and 57 Greek monolingual children, aged 8–12 years old, were tested. Bilingual performance is investigated in relation to the role of the bilinguals’ Greek vocabulary knowledge, as well as in relation to early/current language exposure, oral input, literacy, monolingual/bilingual schooling and parental education as a proxy for socioeconomic status. Findings: The results show a strong relationship between the bilinguals’ performance and their Greek vocabulary development, the amount of oral Greek input and the type of school they are attending. For real nouns, oral Greek input is a positive predictor for accuracy, while literacy in Albanian is associated with lower scores. In pseudo nouns, bilinguals attending bilingual schools are shown to perform significantly better than those attending monolingual schools. Originality: The contribution of this study is related to (a) the examination of pseudo nouns along with real ones showing that gender marking in the former involves a distinct process, (b) the finding regarding the pervasive role of vocabulary knowledge and (c) the consideration of schooling type in relation to the development of a specific grammatical feature. Implications: Bilingual education was shown to positively affect the development of gender, which suggests that schooling type has a significant impact not only on literacy development but also on grammatical development.
Picture-based vocabulary assessment versus parental questionnaires: A cross-linguistic study of bilingual assessment methods
Authors: Hansen Pernille , Łuniewska Magdalena , Simonsen Hanne Gram , Haman Ewa , Mieszkowska Karolina , Kołak Joanna , Wodniecka Zofia 
Published: October 2017

Purpose: As a contribution to the endeavour of developing appropriate tools for bilingual language assessment, this paper investigates the concurrence between two new tools from the recent COST Action IS0804 (Bi-SLI), and the differences between children across two different migrant communities. Approach: Two new tools from the battery Language Impairment Testing in Multilingual Settings (LITMUS) were used: the direct assessment tool Cross-linguistic Lexical Tasks (CLT) and the reporting instrument Parents of Bilingual Children Questionnaire (PaBiQ), which offers an indirect measure of overall language skills. Data: The participants were 36 children (4;2–6;6) of Polish immigrants to Norway or the UK. Correlations were investigated with Kendall’s rank correlation, and comparisons carried out with Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Findings: The results from the two tools correlated. The CLT results were higher in the minority language (Polish) than in the majority language, with no difference between the groups. Still, the parents in the UK judged their children as less proficient in Polish than those in Norway did. Two different accounts for this incongruity are discussed. Firstly, parents in the UK may set higher benchmarks for their children’s minority language skills than the parents in Norway. Alternative accounts of this interpretation related to differences in the parents’ socio-economic background, minority language proficiency or language attitudes are discussed. Secondly, parental report may indicate early stages of attrition of the minority language among the children in the UK that the direct lexical assessment tool may not be sensitive enough to uncover. Originality: The study used two new tools designed for multilingual children to compare two groups of children of a recent and growing immigration group, whose language development is currently underinvestigated. Implications: The findings underscore the complexity of assessing bilingual children’s full language competence. The cross-cultural differences documented call for further longitudinal research comparing immigrant children from different language backgrounds.
Health Care Access, Utilization, and Cancer Screening Among Low-Income Latina Women
Authors: Mojica Cynthia M. , Flores Bertha , Ketchum Norma S. , Liang Yuanyuan 
Published: October 2017

Introduction: Cancer screening reduces mortality rates for breast, cervical, and colon cancer. Yet cancer screening rates for Latina women are lower than for non-Latino Whites, and below Healthy People 2020 goals. Additionally, Latinos face many health care access barriers. This study examined health care access and utilization in relation to cancer screening among low-income Latina women recruited from a high-risk area and enrolled in a navigation-plus-education intervention. Methods: Latina women considered rarely or never screened for breast, cervical, or colorectal cancer were recruited from community-based organizations and events (N = 691). We gathered self-reported survey data on insurance status, usual source of care, health care utilization, and cancer screening behavior. We conducted multivariable logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios of receipt of at least one cancer screening test. Results: Overall, 28% of women received at least one cancer screening test. Results indicated that women without insurance (odds ratio [OR] = 2.08; confidence interval [CI] = 1.09, 3.98) and without a doctor’s visit in the past year (OR = 2.02; CI = 1.28, 3.18), compared with their counterparts, had greater odds of receiving at least one screening test. Conclusion: Findings highlight the continued need to explore ways to support uninsured individuals’ screening efforts and further investigate barriers among insured women who are not up-to-date with screenings.
Proactive routing mutation against stealthy Distributed Denial of Service attacks: metrics, modeling, and analysis
Authors: Duan Qi , Al-Shaer Ehab , Chatterjee Samrat , Halappanavar Mahantesh , Oehmen Christopher 
Published: October 2017

Infrastructure Distributed Denial of Service (IDDoS) attacks continue to be one of the most devastating challenges facing cyber systems. The new generation of IDDoS attacks exploits the inherent weakness of cyber infrastructure, including the deterministic nature of routing, skewed distribution of flows, and Internet ossification to discover the network critical links and launch highly stealthy flooding attacks that are not observable at the victim’s end. In this paper, first, we propose a new metric to quantitatively measure the potential susceptibility of any arbitrary target server or domain to stealthy IDDoS attacks, and estimate the impact of such susceptibility on enterprises. Second, we develop proactive route mutation techniques to minimize the susceptibility to these attacks by dynamically changing the flow paths periodically to invalidate the adversary knowledge about the network and avoid targeted critical links. Our proposed approach actively changes these network paths while satisfying security and Quality of Service requirements. We implemented the proactive path mutation technique on a Software Defined Network using the OpenDaylight controller to demonstrate a feasible deployment of this approach. Our evaluation validates the correctness, effectiveness, and scalability of the proposed approaches.