bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on the release kinetics and mechanisms of vanillin incorporated in almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol composite nanofibers in different aqueous food simulants and simulated saliva
Authors: Rezaei A. , Nasirpour A. , Tavanai H. , Fathi M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractVanillin incorporated almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite nanofibers were prepared using electrospinning. The release mechanisms and kinetics of incorporated vanillin were evaluated in different aqueous food simulants (distilled water, 10% ethanol, 50% ethanol and 3% acetic acid) and simulated saliva. Vanillin content in different media was determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Vanillin release data were fitted to first order, Kopcha, Korsmeyer‐Peppas and Peppas‐Sahlin models to evaluate release mechanisms and kinetics. Release kinetics of vanillin in all mentioned media followed a pseudo‐Fickian diffusion mechanism. The vanillin release data in distilled water, 10% ethanol, 50% ethanol and simulated saliva fitted well to Peppas‐Sahlin model with regression coefficients 0.9937, 0.9936 and 0.9912, 0.9903, respectively. The release kinetics of vanillin in 3% acetic acid fitted to the Korsmeyer‐Peppas model with regression coefficient 0.9661. The release study in different aqueous food simulants showed burst release of vanillin within the first 5 min, followed by sustained release for 180 min. Nanofibers showed relatively good stability under dry ambient condition and maintained around 58 percentage of the incorporated vanillin for 90 days. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
S‐endo‐2‐Norbornyl‐N‐n‐butylcarbamate as a Potential Pseudomonas Lipase Inhibitor to Probe the Enantioselectivity of the Enzyme by Kinetic and Molecular Docking Evaluation
Authors: Shen Yu‐Fang , Chen Gan‐Hong , Lin Shu‐Hsien , Lin Gialih 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObesity is a complex health issue and it can cause many health and social problems. Previous studies reported that lipase is a main target for obesity treatment. We synthesized R‐exo‐2‐norbornyl‐N‐n‐butylcarbamate and S‐exo‐2‐norbornyl‐N‐n‐butylcarbamate as potential pseudomonas lipase inhibitors to probe the enantioselectivity of the enzyme and demonstrated that R‐exo‐2‐norbornyl‐N‐n‐butylcarbamate had better enzyme enantioselectivity, ki and the docking model with Pseudomonas species lipase in our previous studies. In this article, we reported the property of the Pseudomonas species lipase inhibitors, R‐and S‐endo‐2‐norbornyl‐N‐n‐butylcarbamate and compared the docking models of these two compounds with R‐ and S‐exo‐2‐norbornyl‐N‐n‐butylcarbamates by AutoDock. We found that S‐endo‐2‐norbornyl‐N‐n‐butylcarbamate has the best enantioselectivity, ki and docking model and this study could provide useful information about enzyme enantioselectivity for the development of Pseudomonas species lipase inhibitors for obesity treatment.
Quality Assessment of Two Spectrophotometric Procedures for Polyphenol Determination and Application in Moltkia petraea Species
Authors: Rodríguez Jadranka Vuković , Grubešić Renata Jurišić , Kremer Dario , Kokot Virna 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA comparison study of quality of two spectrophotometric procedures: Schneider’s (T‐Sch) and 4‐aminoantipyrine (T‐AAP) procedures for total polyphenols determination was carried out using informative prevalidation strategy. Good quality of the measurements at the lower analyte level, excellent resolution of signals, homogenous data material, ideal linear calibration and analytical evaluation functions, very low limit of quantitation (0.13 μg/mL), and high precision (from ±0.60 % to ±3.43 %) and accuracy (from −4.26 % to +4.00 %) confirmed the high quality of the T‐Sch procedure. Although favorable performance characteristics of T‐AAP procedure were obtained, the signal resolution, sensitivity, precision and accuracy are somewhat lower than in T‐Sch procedure. Both prevalidated procedures were successfully applied to determine total polyphenols in leaves, stems, and flowers in three populations of endemic IllyricBalkan species Moltkia petraea (Tratt.) Griseb. growing in Croatia. Total concentrations of polyphenols obtained by T‐Sch procedure in all plant organs of all populations were somewhat lower than determined by T‐AAP procedure. However, the relative abundance of polyphenols obtained by both methods is the same. Prevalidation results demonstrated the reliability of the T‐AAP and T‐Sch procedures as valuable tools in polyphenols analysis and their application provided new information regarding phytochemical characterization of endemic M. petraea.
Synthesis of 1‐(p‐Sulphophenyl)‐3‐methyl‐5‐pyrazolone Based Acid Dyes and Their Applications on Leather
Authors: Hussain Ghulam , Abbas Nasir , Ather Makshoof , Khan Misbah Ul Ain , Saeed Aamer , Saleem Rashid , Shabir Ghulam 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA new series of pyrazolone based azo acid dyes (3a–g) has been synthesized starting from 1‐(p‐sul‐phophenyl)‐3‐methyl‐5‐pyrazolone (1). The synthetic methodology included the nitrosation of p‐sulphophenyl methyl pyrazolone followed by reduction, diazotization and coupling with Naphthol AS derivatives (2a–f), in alkaline medium to yield different acid dyes. Multichromic metal complexes of these dyes (5a–f, 6a–f and 7a–f) with 3d transition metals Chromium, Iron and Copper were also synthesized. The structures of all of newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by analytical data and spectroscopic techniques. The synthesized dyes were applied on leather to assess their light fastness, wash fastness and rubbing fastness and were shown to exhibit high values of 4–5 for majority of dyes.
Sedative choice in drug‐induced sleep endoscopy: A neuropharmacology‐based review
Authors: Shteamer Jack W. , Dedhia Raj C. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveTo examine the suitability of commonly used agents for drug‐induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) based on agent‐specific neuropharmacology.Data SourcesPubMed.Review MethodsA literature search of the PubMed database was performed on January 1, 2016. A two‐layered search strategy was performed to identify relevant pharmacologic agents and articles related to neuropharmacology for these agents. The first search identified relevant pharmacologic agents; the second search examined agents with greater than five results from search 1, along with medical subject headings “respiration,” “sleep,” “pharmacology,” and/or “[respective agent] (e.g., propofol).” Articles not in English were excluded. Bibliographies of pertinent articles were hand‐searched for additional articles.ResultsThree agents were commonly identified from search 1: propofol, midazolam, and dexmedetomidine with 44, 13, and 6 results, respectively. Of note, 11 results utilized coinduction with midazolam and propofol. Search 2 for propofol, midazolam, and dexmedetomidine retrieved 219, 220, and 26 results, respectively. Eleven results for propofol, 4 for midazolam, and 9 for dexmedetomidine were found to be related to their neuropharmacology.ConclusionThe current review demonstrates relatively few investigations seeking to characterize the neuropharmacologic suitability of DISE agents. Compared to propofol and midazolam, dexmedetomidine's mechanism of action appears most likely to induce natural sleep pathways. Further study of its effect on upper airway collapsibility (critical closing pressure) and pharyngeal muscle tone (genioglossus electrode electromyography) are needed. Laryngoscope, 2016 Laryngoscope, 127:273–279, 2017
Expression and regulation of the differentiation regulators ERBB Receptor Feedback Inhibitor 1 (ERRFI1) and Interferon‐related Developmental Regulator 1 (IFRD1) during the periovulatory period in the rat ovary
Authors: Li Fei‐xue , Liu Ying , Miao Xiao‐ping , Fu Guo‐quan , Curry Thomas E. 
Published: June 2016

SUMMARYThe current study investigated the regulation and the spatiotemporal expression pattern of Errfi1 and Ifrd1, genex encoding factors that regulate differentiation and cessation of cell division, in the rat ovary during the periovulatory period. Immature female rats (22–23 days old) were injected with pregnant‐mare serum gonadotropin to stimulate folliculogenesis, followed by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to induce ovulation. Ovaries, granulosa cells, theca‐interstitial cells, or cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected at various times after hCG administration (n = 3 per time point). Expression analysis revealed that Errfi1 and Ifrd1 were highly induced in the ovary, although their spatiotemporal expression differed: In situ hybridization analysis demonstrated that Errfi1 mRNA expression was initially induced in theca‐interstitial cells at 4 and 8 hr after hCG, then transitioned to granulosa cells at 12 hr, and decreased in newly forming corpora lutea at 24 hr. Ifrd1 mRNA, on the other hand, was primarily induced in granulosa cells, and expression remained elevated in newly forming corpora lutea. Interestingly, Errfi1 and Ifrd1 were also expressed in the COC, suggesting a potential role in cumulus cell expansion or oocyte maturation. Inhibition of progesterone or prostaglandin synthesis reduced Errfi1 and Ifrd1 transcription, whereas inhibition of epidermal growth factor signaling inhibited only Errfi1 mRNA abundance. Down‐regulation of both genes led to further suppression of progesterone. Our findings thus suggest that the stimulation of Errfi1 and Ifrd1 may be important for theca and granulosa cell differentiation and COC expansion. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 83: 714–723, 2016 © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
One clinic's experience with carbon fiber orthoses in neuromuscular disease
Authors: Mnatsakanian Ani , Kissel John T. , Terry Philip , King Wendy M. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to summarize our experience with off‐the‐shelf anterior shell carbon fiber ankle–foot orthoses (CFAFOs) prescribed to adult neuromuscular patients in an outpatient clinic. Methods: We studied ambulatory patients who were seen in Muscular Dystrophy Association or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis clinics between 2011 and 2014 and prescribed anterior shell CFAFOs. Charts were reviewed with attention to diagnosis, satisfaction with use, and reasons for acceptance or rejection. We included individuals who were currently using AFOs and those being prescribed AFOs for the first time. We were especially interested in reasons for acceptance or rejection of the orthosis. Results: Two hundred eighty‐three charts were reviewed. Of these, 109 of 123 (89%) patients were satisfied or extremely satisfied with the anterior shell CFAFOs, including 38 who had previously used other styles. Conclusion: Anterior shell CFAFOs should be considered for most neuromuscular patients with distal leg weakness. Muscle Nerve 55: 202–205, 2017
Consensus of recommendations guiding comparative effectiveness research methods
Authors: Morton Jacob B. , McConeghy Robert , Heinrich Kirstin , Gatto Nicolle M. , Caffrey Aisling R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractPurposeBecause of an increasing demand for quality comparative effectiveness research (CER), methods guidance documents have been published, such as those from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the Patient‐Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). Our objective was to identify CER methods guidance documents and compare them to produce a summary of important recommendations which could serve as a consensus of CER method recommendations.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature review to identify CER methods guidance documents published through 2014. Identified documents were analyzed for methods guidance recommendations. Individual recommendations were categorized to determine the degree of overlap.ResultsWe identified nine methods guidance documents, which contained a total of 312 recommendations, 97% of which were present in two or more documents. All nine documents recommended transparency and adaptation for relevant stakeholders in the interpretation and dissemination of results. Other frequently shared CER methods recommendations included: study design and operational definitions should be developed a priori and allow for replication (n = 8 documents); focus on areas with gaps in current clinical knowledge that are relevant to decision‐makers (n = 7); validity of measures, instruments, and data should be assessed and discussed (n = 7); outcomes, including benefits and harms, should be clinically meaningful, and objectively measured (n = 7). Assessment for and strategies to minimize bias (n = 6 documents), confounding (n = 6), and heterogeneity (n = 4) were also commonly shared recommendations between documents.ConclusionsWe offer a field‐consensus guide based on nine CER methods guidance documents that will aid researchers in designing CER studies and applying CER methods. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biocompatibility investigations of synthetic melanin and melanin analogue for application in bioelectronics
Authors: Piacenti‐Silva Marina , Matos Adriana Arruda , Paulin João Vitor , Alavarce Rafaela Alves da Silva , de Oliveira Rodrigo Cardoso , Graeff Carlos FO 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBiocompatibility tests were performed for melanin synthesized in water (W‐Mel) and dimethylsulfoxide (D‐Mel) aiming to evaluate its potential for bioelectronics application. In vitro biocompatibility of melanin was assessed using crystal violet assays with fibroblast cells (NIH3T3) cultured with W‐Mel and D‐Mel extracts in various dilutions. The results show that a high concentration of melanin kills the cells. However, after periods of 48 h incubation, cell viability is significantly favored after treatment with D‐Mel at low concentrations (1:16, 1:32 and 1:64), as opposed to treatment with W‐Mel extracts. Cellular adhesion tests show that fibroblast cells adhere to melanin thin films. These results show that D‐Mel may be an interesting material for application in bioelectronic devices targeted for implants. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Spielfilm auf Spaghetti
Authors: Grusche Sascha 
Published: July 2016

AbstractProjiziert man ein Schwarzweißvideo durch eine Spektralfolie hindurch auf einen eindimensionalen Schirm, so erscheint beim Blick durch eine Spektralfolie ein regenbogenfarbiges Video. Das frei schwebende Video ist rundum sichtbar und bleibt selbst bei Spiegelung richtig herum orientiert. Dieses Abbildungsverfahren beruht darauf, dass die Spektralfolie übereinander liegende Bilder verschiedener Farbe gegeneinander versetzt. Der beobachtbare Bildversatz kann strahlenoptisch erfasst und wellenoptisch erklärt werden. Damit eignet sich das Experiment sehr gut für den Optikunterricht. Statt Spektralfolien kann man auch Prismen verwenden.
Sie dreht sich, doch unbemerkt
Authors: Hüfner Jörg , Löhken Rudolf 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIm Streit um den Aufbau des Planetensystems spielte die Eigendrehung der Erde eine zentrale Rolle. Ptolemäus glaubte bewiesen zu haben, dass die Erde ruht und verwarf deshalb das heliozentrische System. Islamische und christliche Wissenschaftler aus dem Mittelalter wiesen ihm Fehler nach und ermöglichten damit die Kopernikanische Revolution. Aber erst aufgrund der Newtonschen Bewegungsgesetze konnten Experimente erdacht werden, darunter das Foucaultsche Pendel, mit denen sich die Eigendrehung der Erde quantitativ nachweisen ließ.
Resonante Kernstreuung bestätigt Supraleitung in H2S
Authors: Rüffer Rudolf 
Published: July 2016

AbstractSeit der Entdeckung der Hochtemperatur‐Supraleiter im Jahre 1987 setzten enorme Forschungsanstrengungen ein. Sie führten zur Entdeckung von Verbindungen mit immer höheren Sprungtemperaturen. Die bisher höchsten Werte besitzen auf HgBaCaCuO basierende Hochtemperatur‐Supraleiter (∼ 150 K) [1] und der konventionelle Supraleiter H2S (203 K) [2]. In beiden Fällen wird die Supraleitung unter sehr hohem Druck erreicht. Der Nachweis des Meißner‐Ochsenfeld‐Effekts unter diesen extremen Bedingungen gelang unserer internationalen Gruppe mit einer neuen Methode an der European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble [3].
The influence of gender on respiratory outcomes in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia during the first 3 years of life
Authors: Collaco Joseph M. , Aherrera Angela D. , McGrath‐Morrow Sharon A. 
Published: June 2016

SummaryIntroduction: Since premature males are more likely to be diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia we hypothesized that differences in respiratory outcomes after initial hospital discharge and during the first 3 years of life would exist between females and males diagnosed with BPD. Methods: Subjects with the diagnosis of BPD were recruited from the Johns Hopkins Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Clinic between 2008 and 2014. Clinical features were assessed through chart review (n = 482). Respiratory morbidities were assessed by caregiver questionnaires at clinic visits (n = 429), including emergency department visits, hospital admissions, systemic steroid use, and antibiotic use for respiratory reasons since the last BPD clinic visit or after initial hospital discharge if assessed at the first visit. Results: Male infants weighed significantly more at birth, had higher birth weight percentiles and were more likely to be non‐white compared to female infants. The frequency of ever acute care use was 36.9% for emergency department visits, 27.4% for hospital admissions, 36.9% for systemic steroid use, and 40.5% for antibiotic use for a respiratory illness. No differences in respiratory morbidities were found between males and females. Females however, tended to be weaned from supplemental oxygen over 3 months later than males. Conclusions: Compared to females with BPD, males were more likely to weigh more, have higher birth weight percentiles and be non‐white. After initial hospital discharge, there were no difference in respiratory morbidities between males and females with BPD. Female infants however were more likely to be weaned from supplemental oxygen at a later age than male infants. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:217–224. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Computational exploration of the binding mode of heme‐dependent stimulators into the active catalytic domain of soluble guanylate cyclase
Authors: Agulló Luis , Buch Ignasi , Gutiérrez‐de‐Terán Hugo , Garcia‐Dorado David , Villà‐Freixa Jordi 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTSoluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), the main target of nitric oxide (NO), has been proven to have a significant role in coronary artery disease, pulmonary hypertension, erectile dysfunction, and myocardial infarction. One of its agonists, BAY 41‐2272 (Riociguat), has been recently approved for treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PHA), while some others are in clinical phases of development. However, the location of the binding sites for the two known types of agonists, heme‐dependent stimulators and heme‐independent activators, is a matter of debate, particularly for the first group where both a location on the regulatory (H‐NOX) and on the catalytic domain have been suggested by different authors. Here, we address its potential location on the catalytic domain, the unique well characterized at the structural level, by an “in silico” approach. Homology models of the catalytic domain of sGC in “inactive” or “active” conformations were constructed using the structure of previously described crystals of the catalytic domains of “inactive” sGCs (2WZ1, 3ET6) and of “active” adenylate cyclase (1CJU). Each model was submitted to six independent molecular dynamics simulations of about 1 μs. Docking of YC‐1, a classic heme‐dependent stimulator, to all frames of representative trajectories of “inactive” and “active” conformations, followed by calculation of absolute binding free energies with the linear interaction energy (LIE) method, revealed a potential high‐affinity binding site on the “active” structure. The site, located between the pseudo‐symmetric and the catalytic site just over the loop β2–β3, does not overlap with the forskolin binding site on adenylate cyclases. Proteins 2016; 84:1534–1548. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
THz frequency spectrum of protein–solvent interaction energy using a recurrence plot‐based Wiener–Khinchin method
Authors: Karain Wael 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThe dynamics of a protein and the water surrounding it are coupled via nonbonded energy interactions. This coupling can exhibit a complex, nonlinear, and nonstationary nature. The THz frequency spectrum for this interaction energy characterizes both the vibration spectrum of the water hydrogen bond network, and the frequency range of large amplitude modes of proteins. We use a Recurrence Plot based Wiener–Khinchin method RPWK to calculate this spectrum, and the results are compared to those determined using the classical auto‐covariance‐based Wiener–Khinchin method WK. The frequency spectra for the total nonbonded interaction energy extracted from molecular dynamics simulations between the β‐Lactamase Inhibitory Protein BLIP, and water molecules within a 10 Å distance from the protein surface, are calculated at 150, 200, 250, and 310 K, respectively. Similar calculations are also performed for the nonbonded interaction energy between the residues 49ASP, 53TYR, and 142PHE in BLIP, with water molecules within 10 Å from each residue respectively at 150, 200, 250, and 310 K. A comparison of the results shows that RPWK performs better than WK, and is able to detect some frequency data points that WK fails to detect. This points to the importance of using methods capable of taking the complex nature of the protein–solvent energy landscape into consideration, and not to rely on standard linear methods. In general, RPWK can be a valuable addition to the analysis tools for protein molecular dynamics simulations. Proteins 2016; 84:1549–1557. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Functional imaging of pharmacological action of SGLT2 inhibitor ipragliflozin via PET imaging using 11C‐MDG
Authors: Mitsuoka Keisuke , Hayashizaki Yuka , Murakami Yoshihiro , Takasu Toshiyuki , Yokono Masanori , Umeda Nobuhiro , Takakura Shoji , Noda Akihiro , Miyoshi Sosuke 
Published: July 2016

AbstractSodium‐dependent glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) is a pharmacological target of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to noninvasively visualize the pharmacological action of a selective SGLT2 inhibitor ipragliflozin in the kidney using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with 11C‐methyl‐d‐glucoside (11C‐MDG), an SGLT‐specific radio‐labeled substrate. PET imaging with 11C‐MDG in vehicle‐treated rats demonstrated that intravenously injected 11C‐MDG substantially accumulated in the renal cortex, reflecting that the compound was reabsorbed by SGLTs. In contrast, ipragliflozin‐treated rats showed significantly lower uptake of 11C‐MDG in renal cortex in a dose‐related manner, suggesting that ipragliflozin inhibited the renal reabsorption of 11C‐MDG. This method of visualizing the mode of action of an SGLT2 inhibitor in vivo has demonstrated the drug's mechanism in reducing renal glucose reabsorption in kidney in living animals.