bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Development and Progression of Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Importance of Blood Pressure Parameters
Authors: Cardoso Claudia R. L. , Leite Nathalie C. , Dib Eduardo , Salles Gil F. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic microvascular complication associated a worse prognosis. We aimed to evaluate the predictors of development/progression of DR in a cohort of 544 high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes who had annual ophthalmologic examinations over a median follow-up of 6 years. Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring and aortic stiffness by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity were performed. Multivariate Cox survival analysis examined the independent predictors of development or progression of DR. During follow-up, 156 patients either newly-developed or worsened DR. Patients who developed/progressed DR had longer diabetes duration, higher ambulatory and clinic BP levels, higher aortic stiffness, and poorer glycemic control than patients who did not developed/progressed DR. After adjustments for baseline retinopathy prevalence, age and sex, a longer diabetes duration (p < 0.001), higher baseline ambulatory BPs (p = 0.013, for 24-hour diastolic BP), and higher mean cumulative exposure of HbA1c (p < 0.001), clinic diastolic BP (p < 0.001) and LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.05) during follow-up were the independent predictors of development/progression of DR. BP parameters were only predictors of DR development. In conclusion, a longer diabetes duration, poorer glycemic and lipid control, and higher BPs were the main predictors of development/progression of DR. Mean cumulative clinic diastolic BP was the strongest BP-related predictor.
Spectral Tuning Mechanism of Primate Blue-sensitive Visual Pigment Elucidated by FTIR Spectroscopy
Authors: Katayama Kota , Nonaka Yuki , Tsutsui Kei , Imai Hiroo , Kandori Hideki 
Published: July 2017

AbstractProtein-bound water molecules are essential for the structure and function of many membrane proteins, including G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Our prior work focused on studying the primate green- (MG) and red- (MR) sensitive visual pigments using low-temperature Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, which revealed protein-bound waters in both visual pigments. Although the internal waters are located in the vicinity of both the retinal Schiff base and retinal β-ionone ring, only the latter showed differences between MG and MR, which suggests their role in color tuning. Here, we report FTIR spectra of primate blue-sensitive pigment (MB) in the entire mid-IR region, which reveal the presence of internal waters that possess unique water vibrational signals that are reminiscent of a water cluster. These vibrational signals of the waters are influenced by mutations at position Glu113 and Trp265 in Rh, which suggest that these waters are situated between these two residues. Because Tyr265 is the key residue for achieving the spectral blue-shift in λmax of MB, we propose that these waters are responsible for the increase in polarity toward the retinal Schiff base, which leads to the localization of the positive charge in the Schiff base and consequently causes the blue-shift of λmax.
The chloride/phosphate ratio combined with alkaline phosphatase as a valuable predictive marker for primary hyperparathyroidism in Chinese individuals
Authors: Wang Qianqian , Li Xu , Chen Haibing , Yu Haoyong , Li Lianxi , Yin Jun , Zhou Jian , Li Ming , Li Qing , Han Junfeng , Wei Li , Liu Fang , Bao Yuqian , Jia Weiping 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe chloride/phosphate ratio (Cl/PO4) has been suggested to have a role in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), but the associations between Cl/PO4 combined with ALP level and PHPT has not been well-studied. Our aim was to investigate the predictive value of combination Cl/PO4 with ALP for PHPT. A cross-sectional retrospective analysis was conducted to examine 172 patients diagnosed with PHPT categorized into two groups: normocalcaemic primary hyperparathyroidism (NPHPT) group and hypercalcaemia PHPT group. We found that Cl/PO4 levels and ALP levels in the NPHPT and hypercalcaemia PHPT group were both significantly higher than normal controls. Cl/PO4 and ALP levels were an independent risk factor for PHPT. Cl/PO4 combined with ALP increased the receiver-operating characteristic curves (ROC-AUC) and the diagnostic value in NPHPT and hypercalcaemia PHPT group (0.913; 95% CI, 0.744–1.000 and 0.932; 95% CI, 0.897–0.966, respectively), specificity of 92.8% and sensitivity of 98%. In conclusion, combination Cl/PO4 with ALP might be a low-cost, simple, available predictive marker of PHPT in Chinese individuals, particularly Chinese remote region where the method used to measure PTH cannot be done. Moreover, due to serum calcium level in NPHPT, Cl/PO4 combined with ALP level measurement have great potential to predict significant occurrence of NPHPT.
Potential risk of re-emergence of urban transmission of Yellow Fever virus in Brazil facilitated by competent Aedes populations
Authors: Couto-Lima Dinair , Madec Yoann , Bersot Maria Ignez , Campos Stephanie Silva , Motta Monique de Albuquerque , Santos Flávia Barreto dos , Vazeille Marie , Vasconcelos Pedro Fernando da Costa , Lourenço-de-Oliveira Ricardo , Failloux Anna-Bella 
Published: July 2017

AbstractYellow fever virus (YFV) causing a deadly viral disease is transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes. In Brazil, YFV is restricted to a forest cycle maintained between non-human primates and forest-canopy mosquitoes, where humans can be tangentially infected. Since late 2016, a growing number of human cases have been reported in Southeastern Brazil at the gates of the most populated areas of South America, the Atlantic coast, with Rio de Janeiro state hosting nearly 16 million people. We showed that the anthropophilic mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus as well as the YFV-enzootic mosquitoes Haemagogus leucocelaenus and Sabethes albiprivus from the YFV-free region of the Atlantic coast were highly susceptible to American and African YFV strains. Therefore, the risk of reemergence of urban YFV epidemics in South America is major with a virus introduced either from a forest cycle or by a traveler returning from the YFV-endemic region of Africa.
Partial Melting of Subducted Sediments Produced Early Mesozoic Calc-alkaline Lamprophyres from Northern Guangxi Province, South China
Authors: Su Hui-Min , Jiang Shao-Yong , Zhang Dong-Yang , Wu Xiang-Ke 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThere is growing agreement that subducted sediments recycled into the deep mantle could make a significant contribution to the generation of various mantle-derived rocks. However, solid evidence and examples to support this view are few, and whether or not the subducted sediments can act as the dominating material source for the magma is unclear. Here, we report a comprehensive geochemical study that demonstrates that the newly identified Early Mesozoic calc-alkaline lamprophyres in the northern Guangxi Province, southeastern Yangtze Block in South China were likely derived in large part from the partial melting of the subducted terrigenous sediments in the deep mantle. The investigated lamprophyres are SiO2-rich minettes, characterized by moderate TFeO and MgO and high Mg# (>70). The multi-element pattern shows a typical crustal-like signature, such as enrichments in large-ion lithophile elements (LILE) and light rare earth elements (LREE) with troughs in Nb-Ta, Ti and Eu and peaks in Th-U and Pb. These rocks also show sediment-like ratios of Nb/U, Nb/Th and Ce/Pb, together with extremely radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr (0.71499–0.71919), unradiogenic 143Nd/144Nd (0.51188–0.51195) and radiogenic 207Pb/204Pb (15.701–15.718) isotopic compositions.
Impacts of increasing typhoons on the structure and function of a subtropical forest: reflections of a changing climate
Authors: Lin Kuo-Chuan , Hamburg Steven P. , Wang Lixin , Duh Chin-Tzer , Huang Chu-Mei , Chang Chung-Te , Lin Teng-Chiu 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDue to their destructive and sporadic nature, it is often difficult to evaluate and predict the effects of typhoon on forest ecosystem patterns and processes. We used a 21-yr record of litterfall rates to explore the influence of typhoon frequency and intensity, along with other meteorological variables, on ecosystem dynamics in a subtropical rainforest. Over the past half century there has been an increasing frequency of strong typhoons (category 3; >49.6 m s−1; increase of 1.5 typhoons/decade) impacting the Fushan Experimental Forest, Taiwan. At Fushan strong typhoons drive total litterfall mass with an average of 1100 kg ha−1 litterfall typhoon−1. While mean typhoon season litterfall has been observed to vary by an order of magnitude, mean litterfall rates associated with annual leaf senescence vary by <20%. In response to increasing typhoon frequency, total annual litter mass increased gradually over the 21-year record following three major typhoons in 1994. Monthly maximum wind speed was predictive of monthly litterfall, yet the influence of precipitation and temperature was only evident in non-typhoon affected months. The response of this subtropical forest to strong typhoons suggests that increasing typhoon frequency has already shifted ecosystem structure and function (declining carbon sequestration and forest stature).
Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Effectiveness of Computer-Assisted Intervention Delivered by Educators for Children With Speech Sound Disorders
Authors: McLeod Sharynne , Baker Elise , McCormack Jane , Wren Yvonne , Roulstone Sue , Crowe Kathryn , Masso Sarah , White Paul , Howland Charlotte 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThe aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of computer-assisted input-based intervention for children with speech sound disorders (SSD).MethodThe Sound Start Study was a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Seventy-nine early childhood centers were invited to participate, 45 were recruited, and 1,205 parents and educators of 4- and 5-year-old children returned questionnaires. Children whose parents and educators had concerns about speech were assessed (n= 275); 132 children who were identified with phonological pattern-based errors underwent additional assessment. Children with SSD and no difficulties with receptive language or hearing, typical nonverbal intelligence, and English as their primary language were eligible; 123 were randomized into two groups (interventionn= 65; controln= 58), and 3 withdrew. The intervention group involved Phoneme Factory Sound Sorter software (Wren & Roulstone, 2013) administered by educators over 9 weeks; the control group involved typical classroom practices. Participants were reassessed twice by a speech-language pathologist who was unaware of the initial assessment and intervention conditions.ResultsFor the primary outcome variable (percentage of consonants correct), the significant mean change from pre- to postintervention for the intervention group (mean change = +6.15,p< .001) was comparable in magnitude to the significant change for the control group (mean change = +5.43,p< .001) with a small between-groups effect size for change (Cohen'sd= 0.08). Similar results occurred for measures of emergent literacy, phonological processing, participation, and well-being.ConclusionComputer-assisted input-based intervention administered by educators did not result in greater improvement than typical classroom practices.
Using the Rasch Model to Develop a Measure of Participation Capturing the Full Range of Participation Characteristics for the Patients with Hand Injuries
Authors: Farzad Maryam , Layeghi Fereydoun , Hosseini Ali , Whiteneck Gale , Asgari Ali 
Published: July 2017

Objective The purpose of this paper was to report on the first step in the development of a new instrument to measure participation including the full range of its characteristics.
Methods The 30-item participation behavior questionnaire (PBQ) was developed from four main sources (a literature review of the theatrical basis of participation, available participation measures, and interviews with patients and experts about participation). Item selection and the reliability and validity of the measure were explored using Rasch measurement modeling for analysis.
Participants A total of 404 individuals referred to rehabilitation after hand, wrist, or upper extremity surgery to reduce impairment from trauma, at least 2 months post-injury.
Results An initial pool of 100 items; reflecting 14 characteristics of participation was initially reduced to 91 items after review by 15 participation experts and then further reduced to 30 items by three rounds of Rasch analysis removing misfitting items. The final PBQ has a person reliability of 0.91 with separation of 3.22, indicating it can reliably differentiate four levels of participation. There are no misfitting items and the instrument is unidimensional. All 14 characteristics of participation were retained in the PBQ, and none of the 30 items refer specifically to upper extremity issues.
Conclusion The 30 participation behavior items of the PBQ show promise of being a psychometrically sound measure of participation. Further research is needed to validate the PBQ in samples of people with a range of other disabilities.
Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring for Spinal Fusion
Authors: Vasques Marco , Fonseca Eliana 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe surgical techniques of spinal fusion are frequently used in the treatment of many spine conditions. Apart from having anatomical knowledge, in order to perform those procedures safely, it is essential to utilize all the tools available to assure the appropriate positioning of the materials and avoid neural injury. The goal of this article is to review the literature on the use of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring for spinal fusion procedures and to discuss the controversies regarding this issue.
30-jähriger Patient mit V. a. Marfan-Syndrom und zunehmend beeinträchtigter Gehfähigkeit
Authors: Balke Maryam , Lehmann Helmar , Fink Gereon , Wunderlich Gilbert 
Published: July 2017

Zusammenfassung
Anamnese Bei einem 30-jährigen Mann mit seit der Kindheit zunehmender Muskelschwäche, Konzentrationsstörungen, schlankem Habitus und leichter Aortenklappeninsuffizienz wurde im Alter von 14 Jahren ein Marfan-Syndrom diagnostiziert.
Untersuchungen 13 Jahre später wurde genetisch und nach der Gent-Nosologie interdisziplinär die Diagnose ausgeschlossen. Die klinische und elektrophysiologische Verdachtsdiagnose einer myotonen Dystrophie Typ 1 wurde genetisch gesichert.
Therapie und Verlauf Wie beim Marfan-Syndrom handelt es sich bei der Myotonen Dystrophie um eine Multisystemerkrankung mit der Gefahr tödlicher Herzrhythmusstörungen. Eine interdisziplinäre Betreuung durch Neurologen, Internisten, Augenärzte, Logopäden und Physiotherapeuten ist notwendig.
Folgerung Der Habitus allein als Grundlage für die Diagnose eines Marfan-Syndroms ist nicht ausreichend. Vor allem müssen Marfan-untypische Symptome wie kognitive Defizite und progrediente Paresen beachtet werden.
„Wohlfühlen trotz Diabetes“: Ein verhaltenstherapeutisches Gruppenprogramm zur Steigerung der Lebensqualität bei älteren Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes und leichten Depressionen
Authors: Petrak Frank , Hautzinger Martin , Müller Matthias , Herpertz Stephan 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungÄltere depressive Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 haben durch ihre komorbide depressive Störung nicht nur eine erhebliche psychische Belastung, sondern auch eine deutliche Risikoerhöhung für diabetesbezogene Komplikationen, funktionelle Beeinträchtigungen und Mortalität. Diese Zusammenhänge scheinen kaum vom Schweregrad der Depression abhängig zu sein, sondern zeigen sich bereits bei subklinischen und leichten depressiven Störungen. Bislang liegen spezifische psychotherapeutische Behandlungskonzepte für diese Patientengruppe nicht vor. Aus diesem Grund entwickelten und überprüften wir im Rahmen einer klinischen Studie ein diabetesspezifisches manualisiertes Gruppenpsychotherapieprogramm zur ambulanten Verhaltenstherapie für ältere Menschen mit Typ 2 Diabetes und leichten depressiven Symptomen. Die Behandlungsziele fokussieren auf eine Verbesserung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität, der depressiven Symptomatik, der Qualität der Stoffwechseleinstellung und der Kosteneffektivität. Im vorliegenden Artikel stellen wir das Behandlungskonzept im Überblick vor.
Efficient switching of mCherry fluorescence using chemical caging
Authors: Cloin Bas M. C. , De Zitter Elke , Salas Desiree , Gielen Vincent , Folkers Gert E. , Mikhaylova Marina , Bergeler Maike , Krajnik Bartosz , Harvey Jeremy , Hoogenraad Casper C. , Van Meervelt Luc , Dedecker Peter , Kapitein Lukas C. 
Published: July 2017

Significance
In contrast to diffraction-limited microscopy, superresolution microscopy highly depends on the used fluorescent label. However, introducing a new label with suitable dynamics is not always straightforward. Here we describe how mCherry, a frequently used fluorescent protein in conventional microscopy, can be used for superresolution microscopy via a new caging mechanism involving the addition of β-mercaptoethanol. Moreover, we investigate the structural mechanism behind this chemical caging, using X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, and ab initio quantum mechanical calculations. These show that the mechanism is twofold: β-mercaptoethanol adds covalently to the protein’s chromophore, whereas it also acts as a reducing agent for the chromophore.
A null model for microbial diversification
Authors: Straub Timothy J. , Zhaxybayeva Olga 
Published: July 2017

SignificanceWhen evolutionary histories of closely related microorganisms are reconstructed, the lineages often cluster into visibly recognizable groups. However, we do not know if these clusters represent fundamental units of bacterial diversity, such as “species,” nor do we know the nature of evolutionary and ecological forces that are responsible for cluster formation. Addressing these questions is crucial, both for describing biodiversity and for rapid and unambiguous identification of microorganisms, including pathogens. Multiple competing scenarios of ecological diversification have been previously proposed. Here we show that simple cell death and division over time could also explain the observed clustering. We argue that testing for the signatures of such “neutral” patterns should be considered a null hypothesis in any microbial classification analysis.
Childhood social class and cognitive aging in the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging
Authors: Ericsson Malin , Lundholm Cecilia , Fors Stefan , Dahl Aslan Anna K. , Zavala Catalina , Reynolds Chandra A. , Pedersen Nancy L. 
Published: July 2017

Significance
There is a previously well-established relationship between socioeconomic status and cognitive ability. By having access to repeated measures of cognitive data across the second part of the life span, we were able not only to study the influence of childhood social class on mean-level cognitive performance, but also on change over time. Using reared-apart monozygotic and dizygotic twins and a control sample of twins reared together, we studied the effects of childhood socioeconomic environment on cognition in later life. We found an association between childhood social class and mean levels of cognitive performance, but not longitudinal trajectories of change. When controlling for genetic influences, there was no association of childhood social class and cognitive performance late in life.
Efficient transport of tropospheric aerosol into the stratosphere via the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone
Authors: Yu Pengfei , Rosenlof Karen H. , Liu Shang , Telg Hagen , Thornberry Troy D. , Rollins Andrew W. , Portmann Robert W. , Bai Zhixuan , Ray Eric A. , Duan Yunjun , Pan Laura L. , Toon Owen B. , Bian Jianchun , Gao Ru-Shan 
Published: July 2017

Significance
Nonvolcanic stratospheric aerosols account for 20% of the radiative forcing of the entire atmospheric aerosol system since 1850. The Asian summer monsoon (ASM) effectively pumps Asian pollutants to the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, leading to enhanced aerosol formation. Our in situ measurements combined with modeling work show that the aerosol formed within the ASM anticyclone is exported to the entire Northern Hemispheric stratosphere. On an annual average basis, we estimate that ∼15% of the Northern Hemisphere column stratospheric aerosol surface area originates from the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone region. This surface area is comparable to the modeled contribution from the sum of the small volcanic eruptions over the period 2000 to 2015.
Uncovering BRD4 hyperphosphorylation associated with cellular transformation in NUT midline carcinoma
Authors: Wang Ranran , Cao Xing-Jun , Kulej Katarzyna , Liu Wei , Ma Tongcui , MacDonald Margo , Chiang Cheng-Ming , Garcia Benjamin A. , You Jianxin 
Published: July 2017

Significance
BRD4 plays a vital role in cellular growth control. Because BRD4 is dysregulated in a wide range of aggressive malignancies, it is being increasingly implicated as a major driver of oncogenic growth and a novel target for cancer therapy. However, how BRD4 is regulated to maintain its normal function in healthy cells and how alteration of this process leads to cancer remain poorly understood. We discovered that BRD4 is hyperphosphorylated in cancers and that this hyperphosphorylation may be a general mechanism to support its oncogenic activities. Our study shows how dysregulation of BRD4 function could lead to tumorigenesis. Our discovery also provides the rationale for investigating how cellular signaling pathways modulate BRD4 phosphorylation to control its function during cancer development.
Potential high-

T
c

superconducting lanthanum and yttrium hydrides at high pressure
Authors: Liu Hanyu , Naumov Ivan I. , Hoffmann Roald , Ashcroft N. W. , Hemley Russell J. 
Published: July 2017

Significance
Theoretical predictions and subsequent experimental observations of high-temperature superconductivity in dense hydrogen-rich compounds have reinvigorated the field of superconductivity. A systematic computational study of the hydrides of lanthanum and yttrium over a wide composition range reveals hydrogen-rich structures with intriguing electronic properties under pressure. Electron–phonon coupling calculations predict the existence of new superconducting phases, some exhibiting superconductivity in the range of room temperature. Moreover, the calculated stabilities indicate the materials could be synthesized at pressures that are currently accessible in the laboratory. The results open the prospect for the design, synthesis, and recovery of new high-temperature superconductors with potential practical applications.
Phonetically conditioned sound change
Authors: Egurtzegi Ander 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAll modern Basque dialects have at least 5 contrastive vowels /i, e, a, o, u/. One Basque dialect, Zuberoan, has developed a contrastive sixth vowel, the front rounded high vowel /y/. This development is arguably due to sustained contact with neighboring Gallo-Romance languages. This paper supports empirically the historical development of the /u/ vs. /y/ contrast and provides a detailed analysis of the contexts that inhibited the /u/ > /y/ sound change. Fronting was inhibited when the vowel was followed by an apical sibilant, a tap /ɾ/ or an rT cluster (where r is a rhotic, and T an alveolar obstruent), arguably due to coarticulatory effects. Fronting occurred when /s̻/, /r/ or non-coronal rhotic-obstruent clusters followed /u/. Zuberoan /u/-fronting illustrates the importance of language contact and phonetics in the phonological analysis of historical developments.