bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MammOnc-DB, an integrative breast cancer data analysis platform for target discovery
Authors: Varambally Sooryanarayana , Karthikeyan Santhosh Kumar , Chandrashekar Darshan , Sahai Snigdha , Shrestha Sadeep , Aneja Ritu , Singh Rajesh , Kleer Celina , Kumar Sidharth , Qin Zhaohui , Nakshatri Harikrishna , Manne Upender , Creighton Chad 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Breast cancer (BCa) is one of the most common malignancies among women worldwide. It is a complex disease that is characterized by morphological and molecular heterogeneity. In the early stages of the disease, most BCa cases are treatable, particularly hormone receptor-positive and HER2-positive tumors. Unfortunately, triple-negative BCa and metastases to distant organs are largely untreatable with current medical interventions. Recent advances in sequencing and proteomic technologies have improved our understanding of the molecular changes that occur during breast cancer initiation and progression. In this era of precision medicine, researchers and clinicians aim to identify subclass-specific BCa biomarkers and develop new targets and drugs to guide treatment. Although vast amounts of omics data including single cell sequencing data, can be accessed through public repositories, there is a lack of user-friendly platforms that integrate information from multiple studies. Thus, to meet the need for a simple yet effective and integrative BCa tool for multi-omics data analysis and visualization, we developed a comprehensive BCa data analysis platform called MammOnc-DB (http://resource.path.uab.edu/MammOnc-Home.html), comprising data from more than 20,000 BCa samples. MammOnc-DB was developed to provide a unique resource for hypothesis generation and testing, as well as for the discovery of biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The platform also provides pre- and post-treatment data, which can help users identify treatment resistance markers and patient groups that may benefit from combination therapy.
Organocatalyst Enabled Light Accelerated Amide and Peptide Synthesis
Authors: Sun Wangsheng , li yiping , Li Jingyue , Zuo Quan , Shen Zhouming , Kuang Haoyu , Bao Guangjun , Ni Jingman , Wang Rui 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Catalytic methods for amide and peptide synthesis have long been recognized as one of the most pressing challenges in industry and academia, requiring novel catalysts to meet this requirement. Herein, we report an organocatalyst, named Cat-Se, for direct amide and peptide synthesis. Cat-Se, which has a simple and exquisite chemical structure, can be conveniently synthesized and catalyzes the condensation of various carboxylic acids and amines to the corresponding amides in excellent yields within 30-40 minutes under very mild light irradiation conditions without any undesirable operations, such as heating, dehydration, or gas protection. The method exhibits high efficiency, selectivity, and functional group tolerance without loss of stereochemical integrity in peptide synthesis. Significantly, Cat-Se shows power in peptide fragment condensation and solid-phase peptide synthesis on resin, making it an attractive alternative for peptide drug synthesis.
Improved aquila optimizer and its applications
Authors: Guo Runxia , Yi Jingxu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The optimizer is a key component in model training, embodied in speeding up training, improving stability, and seeking globally optimal solutions. Aquila optimizer (AO) is an intelligent algorithm that excels in searching for optimal values, which simulates the hunting habits of North American eagles. However, the classical AO suffers from low convergence accuracy and a tendency to fall into local optima when handling complex tasks. This paper introduces a novel and improved Aquila optimizer (I-AO) for population-based meta-inspired domains, enhancing global optimization reliability. Initially, we introduce spatial configuration differences in distance and angle to replace the original iteration-based criteria. This approach enhances the optimizer's convergence speed and robustness, enabling quick adaptation to dynamic changes. Next, we introduce the improved random walk update (I-RWU), improved stochastic correction update (I-SCU), and improved dynamic weight update (I-DWU) strategies. These strategies enhance search diversity and balance exploration and exploitation, avoiding local optima. Thus, I-AO achieves higher computational efficiency and greater exploration potential for optimal convergence. Furthermore, the performance is evaluated using well-known CEC2017 and CEC2019 benchmark functions. Additionally, the engineering problem of bearing’s RUL prediction for an air turbine starter (ATS), using test bed data for civil aircraft bearings, illustrates the I-AO algorithm's generalizability. The superior capability of the proposed I-AO is demonstrated through corresponding experiments.
Contrasting effects of symbiont inoculation on soil microbiota functionalities in a rehabilitation programme of salt-affected lands
Authors: Djighaly Pape Ibrahima , Diagne Nathalie , Tournier Estelle , Ngom Mariama , Cissoko Maimouna , Tisseyre Pierre , Ngom Daouda , Hocher Valérie , Svistoonoff Sergio , Sanguin Hervé 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Soil salinization has become a major global ecosystem sustainability issue. In Senegal, promising ecosystem restoration of salt-affected lands has been achieved by the implementation of ecological engineering strategies based on beneficial associations between Casuarina species and salt-tolerant symbiotic microorganisms. However, the extent of the impacts of symbiont inoculants on the native soil microbiota and, consequently, soil functioning is fragmentary. The current study aimed to evaluate the changes in the native soil microbiota associated with the use of a symbiont inoculant in mixed Casuarinaceae plantations in salt-affected lands. Symbiont inoculation led to a decrease in the diversity of soil fungi but not bacteria. However, the whole soil microbiota structure was impacted by symbiont inoculation, as was the case for salinity and Casuarina species. Casuarina species also impacted the diversity of the dominant taxa constituting the soil microbiota, but only salinity affected bacterial diversity. Important modifications of soil microbiota functionalities were revealed, notably, a decrease in the abundance of bacterial pathogens related to symbiont inoculation and an increase in the abundance of fungal pathogens with increasing salinity. Soil nutrient cycling, mostly micronutrient cycling and N fixation, was also impacted by symbiont inoculation, but salinity and Casuarina species were the main factors affecting N cycling in the soil.
The impact of housing wealth on household consumption
Authors: li yitong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Currently, China's housing market has entered a phase of destocking, and people's expectations for housing have generally changed compared to the period of rapid price increases in the past. In this context, this paper aims to explore the potential unintended impacts of housing net wealth on household consumption. Using data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) database, we systematically examine the effects of housing net wealth on household consumption expenditures through panel data regression models and instrumental variable methods. The study finds that housing net wealth has a significant positive impact on household consumption. This result remains robust when using land supply as an instrumental variable and conducting a series of robustness tests. Furthermore, liquidity constraints play a crucial role in the impact of housing net wealth on household consumption. Additionally, the study finds that high-income households are more willing to consume when housing wealth increases compared to low-income households. In terms of consumption structure, housing wealth significantly influences developmental and survival consumption but shows no strong correlation with enjoyment consumption. Compared to families with multiple houses, families with only one house exhibit a stronger marginal effect of housing wealth appreciation on consumption expenditures. Finally, the paper distinguishes between regions with rising and falling house prices, finding that the consumption effect of housing net wealth is stronger in regions with rising house prices.
Profile of Chief Medical Officers and performance of health zones in crisis contexts: a cross-sectional study in three provinces of the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Bigirinama Rosine , Lembebu Jean-Corneille , Chiribagula Christian , Mwene-Batu Pacifique , Porignon Denis , Mukalay Abdon , Mwembo Albert , Bisimwa Ghislain 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context: In health systems affected by crisis, the performance of health zones (also known as health districts) is challenged by recurrent armed conflicts and state fragility. The profiles of health zone managers and contextual factors can significantly influence the zones' ability to effectively respond to population health needs. This study explores these interactions to identify the key determinants of health zones performances in three provinces of Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), a region enduring over three decades of conflict..Method This mixed-methods study, conducted from 2017 to 2022. In the DRC, health zones are managed by Chief Medical Officers (CMOs). We assessed the functionality and performance of these health zones using key indicators related to primary healthcare provision and health zone management. Data on CMO profiles and the operational contexts of their health zones were collected to identify factors influencing functionality and performance, through multivariate regressions (p < 0.05). Additionally, 17 individual interviews were conducted with various health system actors to gather perceptions on CMO performance and stability and analyzed through a deductive thematic analysis.Results The results indicate that CMOs with training in primary healthcare management and extensive professional experience significantly enhance health zone performance. Conversely, instability among CMOs, due to frequent rotations driven by political influences and weak collaboration between health decision-making bodies, negatively impacts health zone performance. However, the involvement of international and faith-based partners positively influences health zones performance.Conclusion This study emphasizes on investing in capacity-building for health managers at all levels to strengthen health systems and improve resilience in crisis situations. A robust governance system that fosters transparency in the recruitment and management of managers, and supports the stability of human resources, is crucial for maintaining health performance.
Knowledge, Attitude And Utilization of Cervical Cancer Screening Services Among Ethnic Minority Female Students in A UK University: A Cross-sectional Study.
Authors: Kinika Covenant Chigamezu , Kinika Abigail Ugochi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer is the most frequent cancer among ethnic minority women and the most prevalent cause of cancer mortality in the UK. Furthermore, women from ethnic minority origins are more likely than British women not to carry out cervical screening due to socioeconomic issues such as lack of health insurance, language barrier and poor understanding of cervical cancer screening.
Good knowledge and a positive attitude towards receiving a cervical cancer screening are significant factors in the prevention and better outcome of cervical cancer. The study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice of cervical cancer screening among ethnic minority female students in the Faculty of Education, Health, and Wellbeing (FEHW), at a UK University.
Methods: From May 2023 to September 2023 a cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 138 ethnic minority female students in FEHW aged between 25-64 years from four departments (Public Health, Health and Social care, Health and wellbeing and Occupational psychology) using a simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS for descriptive analysis.
Results: Of 138 participants, a mean age was 35.09 ±12.92 years and 56.7% were African, 21.0% Asia, 17.4% Bangladesh and 5.1% Caribbean. 82.6% of them have a good knowledge of cervical cancer screening. However, a substantial number (54%) of them had negative attitudes towards cervical cancer screening services which led to a low screening rate. Additionally, most of the participants 47.8% admitted embarrassment and fear as a barrier to preventing cervical cancer screening services while 78.3% of the participants have not carried out cervical cancer screening practices.
Conclusion: Ethnic minority female students in the UK had good knowledge of cervical cancer screening. However, the negative attitude and barriers encountered by the ethnic minority female students led to poor practice in the utilization of cervical cancer screening services.
The effect of mixed cropping ratios on nitrogen utilization and yield of oat- common vetch grassland in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Wang Zhaomin , Niu Decao , Qin Yan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study examined the effects of different mixed cropping ratios on forage yield, biomass accumulation, distribution, and nitrogen utilization in the Qinghai Lake region. Five mixed ratios of oat and common vetch were established: 1:0 (A.M.), 2:1 (A2V1), 1:1 (A1V1), 1:2 (A1V2), and 0:1 (V.M.), with A representing oats and V representing common vetch, under two nitrogen conditions. The study found that (1) Oats contributed the most to biomass and A1V1 had the highest production. (2) Treatments impact the nitrogen accumulation, A1V1 had higher nitrogen contents of leaves and stem. (3)A1V1 showed the highest nitrogen utilization efficiency. These findings can help improve agricultural practices in the area by promoting more efficient and sustainable farming methods.
Higher Complication and Readmission Rates after Total Knee Arthroplasty with Discharge to Inpatient Facility vs Home: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis
Authors: Whitaker Sarah , Cole Sarah , Peri Maria , Ernst Brady , O’Neill Conor , Satalich James , Satpathy Jibanananda 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to assess differences in complication rates, early readmission rates, and reasons for readmission following TKA based on discharge destination. Secondarily, we aimed to identify independent risk factors for developing any adverse event (AAE) in the 30-day postoperative period.
Methods
The American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) was filtered using current procedural terminology (CPT) codes to identify patients undergoing TKA from 2015–2020. Patients were divided into three cohorts based on discharge destination: home, skilled nursing facility (SNF), or inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF). Propensity score matching was used to account for confounding variables. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regression.
Results
352,824 patients were initially identified with 303,375 discharged home, 31,635 discharged to SNF, and 17,814 discharged to IRF. Following propensity score matching, there were 5,000 patients in each cohort. Regarding postoperative complications, the home cohort had significantly a lower readmission rate (p = 0.01) and rate of any adverse event (p < 0.001) when compared to the IRF and SNF cohorts. The IRF cohort had a significantly higher rate of AAE than the SNF cohort or the home cohort. On multivariable analysis, increasing age, increasing BMI, increasing length of hospital stay, male sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification four, and history of COPD were all found to be independent risk factors for developing AAE.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates that patients who are discharged to a rehabilitation facility or SNF following TKA experienced significantly higher rates of readmission and postoperative complications than patients discharged home, even after controlling for baseline demographic differences and comorbidities. Given the high financial burden associated with these facilities, it is important for physicians to consider these potential impacts on outcomes when determining patient disposition following TKA.
Spin Dynamics Mode Locking between Helimagnetism and Ferromagnetism
Authors: Zhang Shilei , Chen Jingyi , Jin Haonan , Laan Gerrit van der , Hesjedal Thorsten 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Non-collinear spin textures, such as spin spirals and skyrmions, exhibit rich emergent physics in their spin dynamics. Nevertheless, the potential to exploit their distinctive spin resonance characteristics for on-chip microwave magnonic applications remains elusive. Here, we investigate the microwave emission and mode coupling from the resonating spin spiral lattice in a Cu2OSeO3/Pt/NiFe heterostructure. Using time-resolved resonant elastic x-ray scattering, the exact vectorial spin precession modes from the two magnetic species are visualized in real-time. Our results show that the NiFe layer captures the excitation modes from the conical order in Cu2OSeO3 by exhibiting a ferromagnetic resonance behaviour. The NiFe spin precession is fully synchronized with the helimagnet, presenting unique dynamics with chiral symmetry. This demonstrates that helimagnons can wirelessly transmit spin information in gigahertz-level frequency, enabling new possibilities for on-chip microwave magnonics.
Multivariate compound events drive historical floods and associated losses along the U.S. East and Gulf coasts
Authors: Ali Javed , Wahl Thomas , Morim Joao , Enriquez Alejandra , Gall Melanie , Emrich Christopher T. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Compound flooding events are a threat to many coastal regions and can have widespread socio-economic implications. However, their frequency of occurrence, underlying flood drivers, and direct link to past socio-economic losses are largely unknown despite being key to supporting risk and adaptation assessments. Here, we present an impact-based analysis of compound flooding for 203 coastal counties along the U.S. Gulf and East coasts by combining data from multiple flood drivers and socio-economic loss information from 1980 to 2018. We find that ~ 80% of all flood events recorded in our study area were compound rather than univariate. In addition, we show that historical compound flooding events in most counties were driven by more than two flood drivers (hydrological, meteorological, and/or oceanographic) and distinct spatial clusters exist that exhibit variability in the underlying driver of compound flood events. Furthermore, we find that in more than 80% of the counties over 80% of recorded property and crop losses were linked to compound flooding. The median cost of compound events is more than 26 times that of univariate events in terms of property loss and 76 times in terms of crop loss. Our analysis overcomes some of the limitations of previous compound-event studies based on pre-defined flood drivers and offers new insights into the complex relationship between hazards and associated socio-economic impacts.
The (not-so) valid and reliable linguistic markers of depression and anxiety in symptomatic adults: A randomised cross over trial
Authors: O’Dea Bridianne , Batterham Philip J. , Braund Taylor A. , Chakouch Cassandra , Larsen Mark E. , Berk Michael , Torok Michelle , Christensen Helen , Glozier Nick 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Psycho-linguistic theory postulates that linguistic features expressed in individuals’ communications may be valid indicators of their mental health. This trial aimed to examine the validity and reliability of linguistic markers of depressive and anxiety symptoms in adults. Using a randomised cross over trial design, 218 adults provided eight different types of text data of varying frequencies and emotional valance including SMS data, social media posts, personal expressive essays, and letters to a friend. Linguistic features were extracted from each task using LIWC22 software and correlated with participants’ self-report symptom scores. Machine learning models were used to determine which linguistic features had the strongest associations with symptoms. There were no linguistic features consistently associated with depressive or anxiety symptoms within tasks or across all tasks. Features found to be associated with depressive symptoms were different for each task and there was only some degree of reliability of these features within the repeated tasks. In all the machine learning models, predicted values were weakly associated with actual values for both depressive and anxiety symptoms. Some of the text tasks were found to have lower levels of engagement and negative impacts on participants’ mood. Overall, these findings indicate that there may be few valid and reliable group-level linguistic markers of depression and anxiety when examining several types of individuals’ text data.
Prevalence and trend of hypertension secondary data analysis from 2013 to 2020 of Mekelle zone, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Berhane Tsegay , Zenebe Dawit , Yimer Mesfin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is a systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg that contributes to the burden of heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and premature mortality and disability. There is limited evidence on the trend and magnitude of hypertension in Tigray, Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the magnitude and trend of hypertension among individuals visiting outpatient and inpatient units of health facilities in the Mekelle zone, Tigray, Ethiopia.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Mekelle zone, Tigray, Ethiopia from August 2nd-4th week, 2021. This study was done using secondary data from July 2013 to June 2020. The data was extracted from the health management information system and district health information software monthly report of Tigray Regional Health Bureau and analysis was done through Microsoft Excel 2020. Results were presented with texts, tables, graphs, and charts.
Result: Overall 53,386 outpatient cases, 4161 inpatient cases, and 135 deaths were reported during the seven-year reporting period due to hypertension. The overall prevalence of hypertension is 25/1000 with 28/1000 and 22/1000 in males and females respectively. Similarly, prevalence among ≥15 years was 44/1000 with 38/1000 in adult males and 50/1000 in adult females. The death rate was 6.8/1000 and 2.5/1000 among ≤15 years and adults. The trend of hypertension increased from 30/1000 (2013/14) to 43/1000 (2020) among adults ≥15 years.
Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension in the Mekelle zone is higher among females and adults > 15 years old. Even though the magnitude of hypertension was higher in adults the death due to hypertension was higher among ≤15 years. This study also identified the increasing and decreasing trend of morbidity and mortality respectively. Public health officers and researchers should conduct further investigations to dig out the reason for the increased disease prevalence and its effects.