bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The smoothing methods used in assessing the influence of pollution sources on groundwater quality – a case study of metallurgical landfill in Lipówka (southern Poland)
Authors: Sołtysiak Marek , Dąbrowska Dominika 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Several methods have been used to determine trends in hydrogeochemical elements. This study is concerned with the ordinary 3-period moving averages, the 3-period moving median and the exponential smoothing method. It has taken into account the chloride concentration in groundwater from the region of the landfill of the Katowice Ironworks (southern Poland). The data from two piezometers were used: T1 screened in the Triassic and Q1 screened in the Quaternary aquifers. The main aim of this article was to compare statistical methods and to choose the most appropriate method for an assessment of the impact of pollution sources on groundwater quality and determining any trends. The choice of chlorides as the analyzed indicator is connected with their chemical conservative character. They are also indicators of negative impact on groundwater of e.g. municipal, metallurgical landfill sites on groundwater. Results showed that the moving median is less sensitive to outliers than the moving average. The running median preserves sharp discontinuities in the signal but the biggest smoothing was observed in the case of exponential smoothing. All of these methods filter out the noise and transform the data into a smooth curve, which is unbiased by outliers. Application of the smoothing method allowed the generalization of the monitoring data which clearly showed trends. In the absence of reliable data for short periods, these statistical methods made it possible to fill in missing values. These methods are easier to calculate than regression models even if they ignore complex relationships in the data. Moreover, they can also be used as a component in many other indicators such as the Moving Average Convergence Divergence.
Prospects for Sunflower Cultivation in the Krasnodar Region with the Use of Plant Growth Regulator
Authors: Nenko N.I. , Neshchadim N.N. , Yablonskay E.K. , Sonin K.E. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBased on the biological characteristics of sunflower, Krasnodar region is the most favorable area for high and stable yields of this crop in the Russian Federation. However, there is a manifestation of the drought in the summer time that adversely affects the productivity and quality of sunflower seeds. Increased resistance to adverse weather conditions is possible only on the basis of deep studying of the physiological features of formation of productivity and quality of seeds, which is a very urgent task The effect of plant growth regulator furolan on growth, productivity and the formation of physical and chemical indicators of quality of sunflower seeds of the P-453 varieties, the SEC and the RMS selection by VNIIMK were investigated. The treatment of vegetative plants by furolan has activated the growth and biomass accumulation in the stems, improved the photosynthetic activity of plants, leaf area increased, thereby increasing their life expectancy and productivity of photosynthesis. Increased plants productivity reduced their empty grain, increasing the geometric dimensions of the seeds and sunflower kernels, reduced seed husk content, oil content and increased oleic acid content in the oil.
Evaluation of the Surface Contamination by Cytotoxic Agents of a Chemotherapy Reconstitution Unit: From Analysing Work Practices to Preventive and Corrective Actions
Authors: Drapeau Florent , Rossard Caroline , Darricau Béatrice , Hoarau Gilles , Bouscaren Nicolas , Hoarau Luciano , Rosbicki Sabrina , Chan-Ou-Teung Françoise 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIntroduction:The staff handling the cytotoxics are exposed to contamination as an occupational hazard. The unit of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (C.H.U) of Saint Pierre is ISO9001 certified. In a constant effort to improve the quality of our work, samples of the work surface were collected and allowed us, in a first step, to evaluate the contamination in a CRU in Reunion Island. As a result, corrective and preventive actions were implemented in the work routines.Material and method:53 samples of the work surface, collected in December 2015 and in March and April 2016 in seven different spots, were treated in this observational study. The 5-FU was chosen as example and analysed and quantified by using liquid chromatography associated with a mass spectrometer with a detection limit of 2 ng/pf.Results:We observed a great difference in contamination; 29 samples were positive, the isolator container was the location with the highest level of contamination, including manipulator gloves under the isolator, work surface and the inside of the isolator bin. The contamination was reduced after a first clean-up with water only.The overwrapping bags and the manipulator gloves are only a little or not at all contaminated.ConclusionsIn order to reduce the exposure to cytotoxic residuals, corrective actions have been implemented: more frequent changes of manipulator gloves, the use of closed systems, and cleaning of the isolator with water. The efficiency of these modifications of work practices will be evaluated again in a few months.
Exercise Modification Strategies to Prevent and Train Around Shoulder Pain
Authors: Escalante Guillermo 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
THIS ARTICLE PROVIDES A SUMMARY OF THE LITERATURE RELATED TO SHOULDER PAIN IN STRENGTH ATHLETES. THE PREVALENCE OF SHOULDER INJURIES AND TYPES OF SHOULDER INJURIES SUSTAINED WILL BE REVIEWED. EXERCISES THAT MAY PREDISPOSE STRENGTH ATHLETES TO SHOULDER INJURIES AND SUGGESTIONS OF SPECIFIC EXERCISE MODIFICATIONS TO REDUCE THE RISK OF INJURY WILL BE DISCUSSED. FINALLY, PREVENTIVE STRATEGIES TO REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD OF SHOULDER INJURIES WILL BE ADDRESSED. FOR A VIDEO ABSTRACT DESCRIBING THIS ISSUE, SEE VIDEO, SUPPLEMENTAL DIGITAL CONTENT 1, http://links.lww.com/SCJ/A199.
Criteria for Freeze-Thaw Resistant Concrete Mixtures
Authors: Obla Karthik H. , Kim Haejin , Lobo Colin L. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Concrete, especially for improved durability, is typically specified with prescriptive provisions. More recently there has been increasing interest in evolving towards performance-based specifications, both within state highway agencies and industry (FHWA, 2014, “Guide to Developing Performance-Related Specifications, FHWA-RD-98-155, FHWA-RD-98-156, FHWA-RD-98-171, Vol. III, Appendix C,” http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/pavements/pccp/pavespec/, last accessed July 28, 2014; ACI Committee 329, Report on Performance-Based Requirements for Concrete, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, 2010; The P2P Initiative, 2014, “National Ready Mixed Concrete Association, Silver Spring,” http://www.nrmca.org/p2p/, last accessed July 28, 2014). One of the challenges in successfully implementing performance-based specifications is the existence and use of reliable test methods and specification criteria that can measure the potential durability of concrete mixtures and provide the expected service life. A state pooled fund research project (TPF-5 (179), 2014, “Evaluation of Test Methods for Permeability (Transport) and Development of Performance Guidelines for Durability,” http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/406, last accessed July 28, 2014) was developed with an objective to propose performance criteria for concrete that will be resistant to penetration of chlorides, cycles of freezing and thawing, and sulfate attack. This paper summarized results pertaining to freeze-thaw resistance. Concrete freeze-thaw (F-T) performance was evaluated by ASTM C666/C666M-15 (AASHTO T161-08 (Standard Method of Test for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing, Standard Specifications for Transportation Materials and Methods of Sampling and Testing, Part 2A: Tests, AASHTO, Washington DC, 2013)) and deicer salt scaling resistance was evaluated by ASTM C672/C672M-12. It was examined whether F-T performance of concrete correlated with results of rapid index tests for fluid transport characteristics of concrete. These tests included the rapid chloride permeability, absorption, and initial and secondary sorptivity. The impact of degree of saturation on the F-T resistance of concrete was also explored. Criteria for F-T resistant concrete mixtures depending on type of exposure were suggested.
Using Low-Temperature Differential Scanning Calorimetry to Quantify Calcium Oxychloride Formation for Cementitious Materials in the Presence of Calcium Chloride
Authors: Monical J. , Villani C. , Farnam Y. , Unal E. , Weiss W. J. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Whereas many concrete pavements have exhibited service lives of 30 to 50 years, a portion of these pavements in regions that are exposed to snow, ice, and salt have shown premature distress at the joints. This distress has been observed to occur between 5 and 20 years and requires extensive repair of an otherwise well-functioning pavement. Although there are several potential mechanisms that can lead to this deterioration, a reaction can occur between calcium chloride coming from deicing salt (CaCl2) and the tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and/or calcium hydroxide (CH) in the cementitious matrix. This paper describes the development of a test method that can be used to evaluate the potential for a cementitious binder to react with the calcium chloride deicing salts to form calcium oxychloride (the reaction between CaCl2 and CH). The test method enables the quantity of calcium oxychloride to be determined for each binder system. The results indicate that the amount of calcium oxychloride can be reduced with the replacement of cement with supplementary cementitious materials (fly ash, slag, silica fume, etc.). It is anticipated that the proposed test method could be used to better understand the role of binder chemistry on the calcium oxide formation and to optimize the binder composition to reduce the calcium chloride formation to an acceptable level and ultimately reduce the risk for deterioration.
Evaluation of Soil State Variation using Bender Elements Within Centrifuge Models
Authors: Kim Jae-Hyun , Cho Hyung-Ik , Park Heon-Joon , Kim Dong-Soo 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In centrifuge modelling, in-flight soil conditions can vary horizontally depending on the location, i.e., from the center of model to a point close to the rigid wall. Moreover, loading history and earthquake shaking events affecting the particle contact force can influence the in-flight soil conditions. For reliable centrifuge modelling, therefore, it is important to evaluate the in-flight soil properties in a soil model at specific locations before target experiments are performed. A series of centrifuge model tests were undertaken on a uniform dry sand to investigate the in-flight soil parameters by measuring shear wave velocity (Vs) via bender elements (BE), as the Vs of the soil is directly related with soil properties. Three plausible conditions likely to influence the soil parameters were discussed in this paper: (i) boundary condition (location from the container boundary), (ii) load history (sequence of spinning up and down in the centrifuge), and (iii) earthquake shaking events. The Vs measured in the centrifuge was verified through comparison with resonant column (RC) test results. The results showed that the Vs is different in horizontal plane with locations within the model as well as with different loading events. The results also confirmed that the evaluation of in-flight soil properties before performing the test is important for interpreting the soil behavior accurately.
Piezoresistive Characterization of Polyethylene Terephthalate–Graphite Composite
Authors: Zhang X. , Yao Z. , Ge Z. , Yao K. , Tao R. , Yu T. , Han J. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This study investigated the mechanical properties as well as electrical resistivity and piezoresistivity of the polyethylene terephthalate (PET)–graphite composite. The effects of graphite content, loading type, and loading rate on the performance of PET–graphite composite were investigated. Test results showed that the compressive and flexural strengths of the composite decreased rapidly as the graphite content was beyond 12 %. The electrical resistivity of the composite decreased from 3.5 × 108 Ω · cm to 2.2 × 103 Ω · cm as the graphite contents increased from 8 % to 12 %. The graphite content for the conductive percolation threshold of the PET–graphite composite was determined to be 13 %. The PET–graphite composite was sensitive to low compressive stress. When the compressive stress reached 0.7 MPa, the fractional change in the resistivity could reach 10.5 %. The piezoresistivity of the PET–graphite composite was significantly influenced by the loading rates. The field test indicated that the composite was able to detect the traffic effectively.
Transmuted Kumaraswamy-G Family of Distributions for Modelling Reliability Data
Authors: Khan M. S. , King R. , Hudson I. L. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This research introduced the new class of distributions, called the transmuted Kumaraswamy (TKw) G family for modelling life testing problems. The new extended family is obtained by using the quadratic rank transmutation map method, which possesses a bathtub shape for its hazard rate. Some special models in the new family are discussed. We studied some mathematical properties of the new family, including the ordinary moments, moment generating functions, probability weighted moment, quantile function, and formulated the pdf of rth order statistics. The TKw G-distribution parameters are estimated using the method of maximum likelihood. We illustrate the potentiality of the new family with two applications to the failure and service times of Aircraft windshield data.
Preparation and Properties Research of Modified Silicone Resin
Authors: Wu Z. , Shen L. Y. , Tong W. , Xia F. , Zhang Y. Q. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this study, a kind of silicone/epoxy(EP) composite resins was prepared in the way that the silicone resin was modified by the epoxy resin. The effects of epoxy with different % on the properties of composite resin were investigated. The infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), atomic force microscope (AFM), and contact angle tester were used to investigate the surface morphology and the internal micro-structure, the glass transition temperature (Tg), and the relationship between contact angle and hydrophobicity of the silicone resin before and after modification were studied. The result showed a good micro-compatibility between the silicone resin and the epoxy resin. The roughness of the fracture surface of the films and the contact angle were increased with the increase of the epoxy percentage in a certain range.
Effect of Cenosphere Size and Volume Fraction on the Microstructure and Deformation Behavior of Ti-Cenosphere Syntactic Foam Made Through Powder Metallurgy Route
Authors: Pandey S. , Venkat A. N. C. , Mondal D. P. , Majumdar J. D. , Jha A. K. , Rao H. , Kumar H. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
An attempt was made for making Titanium–cenosphere metal syntactic foams with varying relative densities, using different cenosphere sizes and volume fractions. Cold compaction of Ti and cenosphere powder mix was carried out at a pressure of 75 MPa, followed by sintering at 1100°C for 2 h. The sintered foam samples were characterized in terms of microstructure, primarily to observe the extent of cenosphere crushing, distribution of cenosphere, and extent of sintering. Uniform distribution of cenosphere with some extent of cenosphere crushing has been observed within the Ti matrix. XRD and EDX analysis confirms the oxidation of Ti particles to a small extent and also the entrapment of crushed cenosphere shells within the matrix, which makes the foam stronger but brittle in nature. The plateau stress, energy absorption, and modulus of these foams vary with the cenosphere size and volume fraction. Foams made with finer size cenosphere exhibits higher plateau stress and higher energy absorption for a fixed cenosphere volume fraction and at a constant foam density. Crushing of cenosphere, while compaction causes an increased density of the foam as compared to the theoretical value. As a consequence, the foam with higher cenosphere volume fraction or with coarser cenosphere size exhibited marginally higher strength and energy absorption. The variation in deformation mechanism as a function of cenosphere size and volume fraction was examined. These foams exhibited considerably higher strength and stiffness than the conventional foam and demonstrate the possibility of using them for biomedical and engineering applications.
Global Analysis of Protein Expression of Inner Ear Hair Cells
Authors: Hickox Ann E. , Wong Ann C.Y. , Pak Kwang , Strojny Chelsee , Ramirez Miguel , Yates John R. , Ryan Allen F. , Savas Jeffrey N. 
Published: December 2016

The mammalian inner ear (IE) subserves auditory and vestibular sensations via highly specialized cells and proteins. Sensory receptor hair cells (HCs) are necessary for transducing mechanical inputs and stimulating sensory neurons by using a host of known and as yet unknown protein machinery. To understand the protein composition of these unique postmitotic cells, in which irreversible protein degradation or damage can lead to impaired hearing and balance, we analyzed IE samples by tandem mass spectrometry to generate an unbiased, shotgun-proteomics view of protein identities and abundances. By using Pou4f3/eGFP-transgenic mice in which HCs express GFP driven byPou4f3, we FACS purified a population of HCs to analyze and compare the HC proteome with other IE subproteomes from sensory epithelia and whole IE. We show that the mammalian HC proteome comprises hundreds of uniquely or highly expressed proteins. Our global proteomic analysis of purified HCs extends the existing HC transcriptome, revealing previously undetected gene products and isoform-specific protein expression. Comparison of our proteomic data with mouse and human databases of genetic auditory/vestibular impairments confirms the critical role of the HC proteome for normal IE function, providing a cell-specific pool of candidates for novel, important HC genes. Several proteins identified exclusively in HCs by proteomics and verified by immunohistochemistry map to human genetic deafness loci, potentially representing new deafness genes.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHearing and balance rely on specialized sensory hair cells (HCs) in the inner ear (IE) to convey information about sound, acceleration, and orientation to the brain. Genetically and environmentally induced perturbations to HC proteins can result in deafness and severe imbalance. We used transgenic mice with GFP-expressing HCs, coupled with FACS sorting and tandem mass spectrometry, to define the most complete HC and IE proteome to date. We show that hundreds of proteins are uniquely identified or enriched in HCs, extending previous gene expression analyses to reveal novel HC proteins and isoforms. Importantly, deafness-linked proteins were significantly enriched in HCs, suggesting that this in-depth proteomic analysis of IE sensory cells may hold potential for deafness gene discovery.
Coupled fixed point theorems for weakly compatible mappings along with $CLR$ property in Menger metric spaces
Authors: Ben Aoua L. , Aliouche A. 
Published: December 2016

Coupled fixed point problems have attracted much attention in recent times. The aim of this paper is to extend the notions of E.A. property, CLR property and JCLR property for coupled mappings in Menger metric space and use this notions to generalizes the recent results of Jian-Zhong Xiao. The main result is supported by a suitable example.
A new genus and species of maimetshid wasps in Lebanese Early Cretaceous amber (Hymenoptera: Maimetshidae)
Authors: Engel Michael S. 
Published: December 2016

An interesting new maimetshid wasp is described and figured from the Early Cretaceous of Lebanon. Zorophratra corynetes Engel, new genus and species, differs in several important features from all other Maimetshidae and is classified within its own subfamily, Zorophratrinae Engel, new subfamily. A revised key to the genera of the family is provided, and attempts to incorporate all of those taxa known only as compression fossils. The genera of the family are organized into a revised classification, with the tribe Ahiromaimetshini Engel, new tribe, newly recognized within Maimetshinae, and the genus Turgonaliscus Engel, new genus, described for Turgonalus cooperi Rasnitsyn & Jarzembowski (resulting in Turgonaliscus cooperi, new combination).
Análise ambiental da microbacia do Córrego Água da Onça com a utilização de geoprocessamento no município de Avaré/SP
Authors: Ferreira Nádia Horiye , Ferreira Cláudio Augusto Bonora Vidrih , Piroli Edson Luís 
Published: December 2016

O presente estudo abrange o levantamento dos aspectos físicos, morfométricos, de uso e cobertura da terra e conflitos de usos em APP da microbacia do córrego Água da Onça, município de Avaré. O córrego Água da Onça e o Ribeirão do Lajeado são importantes mananciais, responsáveis por 33% do abastecimento público de água do município. Contudo, a presença de cuestas basálticas e da APA-Área de Preservação Ambiental Corumbataí Botucatu Tejupá, na porção sul de Avaré, direcionam as políticas de habitação e o vetor de crescimento urbano às regiões oeste e noroeste, onde já são perceptíveis os impactos das ações humanas sobre o ambiente. Na microbacia do córrego Água da Onça, a atual expansão urbana sobre suas cabeceiras ameaça a integridade dos recursos hídricos ali existentes. Tal fato evidencia a importância da aplicação de tecnologias de geoprocessamento que subsidiem o planejamento ambiental e a criação de políticas públicas capazes de assegurar um adequado ordenamento territorial. Considerando a microbacia como unidade de planejamento e gestão, os resultados deste estudo demonstram que esta microbacia possui alta a moderada susceptibilidade a enchentes. Quanto ao uso e cobertura da terra há predominância de atividades agrícolas como o cultivo da cana-de-açúcar e a silvicultura. Apesar de alta representatividade, em porcentagem, de vegetação nativa em APP, constata-se a existência de conflitos de uso nestas áreas. O levantamento dos dados secundários e as análises realizadas permitem concluir que a microbacia do Córrego Água da Onça necessita de um emergencial Plano de Manejo. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Microbacia. Análise Ambiental. Geoprocessamento.
O Aproveitamento de Resíduos de Madeira para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável
Authors: Donato Cláudio José , Takenaka Edilene Mayumi Murashita 
Published: December 2016

O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi ressaltar a importância do uso de briquetes de resíduos de madeira como alternativa ao uso do carvão vegetal e também como instrumento de obtenção de vantagens sociais, econômicas e ambientais. Para a realização desta investigação científica foi adotada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, a partir do levantamento e análise sobre o aproveitamento de resíduos de madeira para o desenvolvimento sustentável. O presente estudo concluiu que o baixo custo e importância do uso da briquetagem como medida de produção sustentável, é uma alternativa viável para a produção de energia levando-se em consideração as questões sócio-econômicas e ambientais. Palavras-chaves: Resíduos. Madeira. Desenvolvimento sustentável.