bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A chemometric approach for the differentiation of sensory good and bad (musty/fusty) virgin rapeseed oils on basis of selected volatile compounds analyzed by dynamic headspace GC‐MS
Authors: Bonte Anja , Brühl Ludger , Vosmann Klaus , Matthäus Bertrand 
Published: September 2016

The aim of the present study was to differentiate sensory good and bad virgin rapeseed oils based on the composition of the volatile compounds by means of linear discriminant analysis (LDA). A total number of 64 compounds were detected by dynamic headspace GC‐MS and combined olfactometry with potential for sensory quality assessment either as aroma‐active compound by substance concentration or flavor property or as a non‐aroma‐active compound by correlation with the panel assessment. From this initial set of substances, 13 volatile compounds showed significant differences in the concentration between sensory good and bad oils, whereas their concentration was higher in sensory bad oils. No significant differences were found for compounds characterizing sensory good virgin rapeseed oils. Based on these 13 volatile compounds, the present work shows for the first time that LDA was able to classify a training data set of 43 samples satisfactorily according to the sensory quality. As a proof for suitability, a discriminant function was calculated and successfully used to classify samples from an additional validation sample set.Practical applications: Virgin rapeseed oils are high‐quality products on the market, which are defined above all by their sensory quality. The sensory evaluation of virgin rapeseed oils by a trained sensory panel group is time and labor consuming and sometimes the results are not reliable. Therefore, the development of an analytical method for the discrimination of sensory good and bad virgin rapeseed oils based on the determination and statistical evaluation of volatile, aroma‐active compounds is a helpful tool to support the sensory evaluation. The repeatability of the analytical method is better than the sensory evaluation, which also helps to support the work of a panel group. Additionally, the amount of work for a panel group can be reduced due to a pre‐selection by the analytical tool.The present work shows a chemometric approach to differentiate sensory good and bad quality virgin rapeseed oils on basis of 13 volatile compounds. For the first time volatile compounds have been identified that can be correlated with sensory bad virgin rapeseed oils.
Risk profile and health vulnerability of female workers who pick cotton by organanochlorine pesticides from southern Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Yasmeen Humaira , Qadir Abdul , Mumtaz Mehvish , Eqani Syed Ali Musstjab Akber Shah , Syed Jabbir Hussain , Mahmood Adeel , Jamil Nadia , Nazar Farva , Ali Habib , Ahmad Muhammad Shafiq , Tanveer Zafar Iqbal , Zhang Gan 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

The present study was conducted to highlight the existing level of organochlorine-pesticides (OCPs) from human milk (n = 45) and blood serum (n = 40) of female workers who pick cotton in Khanewal District, southern Punjab, Pakistan. Source apportionment, congener-specific analysis, and risk surveillance of OCPs are reported from human milk and blood samples. Levels of OCPs in milk and blood serum samples ranged from 15.7 ppb to 538.3 ppb and from 16.4 ppb to 747.1 ppb, respectively, and were lower than previously published reports from other regions of the globe. Congener-specific analysis revealed that DDTs were predominant, followed by hexachlorocyclohexane, chlordane, and hexachlorobenzene. Calculated results for source apportionment analysis suggested that contamination load was a new input of DDTs as well as the historic use of lindane in the study area. Levels of OCPs in milk and blood serum were significantly (p &lt; 0.05) correlated with age, time period of picking cotton, and number of children. Health risk revealed that female workers had risk of cancer among 1 per million; however, noncarcinogenic risks were not considerable. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1193–1201. © 2016 SETAC
Symposium Introduction: Papers on ‘Modeling National Health Expenditures’
Authors: Getzen Thomas E. , Okunade Albert A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSignificant contributions have been made since the World Health Organization published Brian Abel‐Smith's pioneering comparative study of national health expenditures more than 50 years ago. There have been major advances in theories, model specifications, methodological approaches, and data structures. This introductory essay provides a historical context for this line of work, highlights four newly published studies that move health economics research forward, and indicates several important areas of challenging but potentially fruitful research to strengthen future contributions to the literature and make empirical findings more useful for evaluating health policy decisions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A hybrid consumer‐oriented model for product affective design: An aspect of visual ergonomics
Authors: Lin Yang‐Cheng , Wei Chun‐Chun 
Published: September 2016

AbstractCrucial issues for product designers include how to capture consumers’ attention, evoke their pleasurable preferences, and affect their purchase decisions. In this article, we focus on consumers’ affective preferences in relation to visual ergonomics to propose a new hybrid consumer‐oriented model using gray relational analysis (GRA), gray prediction (GP), and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). The GRA is used to identify the most influential elements of the product form to help product designers focus their attention more on these elements without compromising the predictive performance. The GP is used in conjunction with the GRA to obtain a better structure for the hybrid consumer‐oriented model, and TOPSIS is performed to determine the optimal alternatives for best matching consumers’ affective preferences. These experimental results show that the new hybrid consumer‐oriented model incorporated with the CAD/CAM system can facilitate the product affective design process.
Association between perfluorooctanoic acid exposure and degranulation of mast cells in allergic inflammation
Authors: Lee Jun‐Kyoung , Lee Soyoung , Baek Moon‐Chang , Lee Byung‐Heon , Lee Hyun‐Shik , Kwon Taeg Kyu , Park Pil‐Hoon , Shin Tae‐Yong , Khang Dongwoo , Kim Sang‐Hyun 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPerfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has wide applications, including as a raw material for converted paper and packaging products. With the widespread use of PFOA, concerns regarding its potential environmental and health impacts have increased. In spite of the known hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity of PFOA, correlation with PFOA and allergic inflammation is not well known. In this study, the effect of PFOA on the degranulation of mast cells and mast cell‐mediated allergic inflammation in the presence of FcεRI cross‐linking was evaluated. In immunoglobulin (Ig) E‐stimulated mast cells, PFOA increased the release of histamine and β‐hexosaminidase by the up‐regulation of intracellular calcium levels. PFOA enhanced gene expression of several pro‐inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐8 by the activation of nuclear factor (NF)‐κB in IgE‐stimulated mast cells. Also, PFOA exacerbated allergic symptoms via hypothermia, and an increase of serum histamine, TNF‐α, IgE and IgG1 in the ovalbumin‐induced systemic anaphylaxis. The present data indicate that PFOA aggravated FcɛRI‐mediated mast cell degranulation and allergic symptoms. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Formulation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of a new osteoprotegerin–chitosan gel for bone tissue regeneration
Authors: Jayash Soher Nagi , Hashim Najihah Mohd , Misran Misni , Baharuddin NA 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe osteoprotegerin (OPG) system plays a critical role in bone remodelling by regulating osteoclast formation and activity. The study aimed to determine the physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of a newly formulated OPG–chitosan gel. The OPG–chitosan gel was formulated using human OPG protein and water‐soluble chitosan. The physicochemical properties were determined using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Gel morphology was determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and then it was subjected to a protein release assay and biodegradability test. An in vitro cytotoxicity test on normal human periodontal ligament (NHPL) fibroblasts and normal human (NH) osteoblasts was carried out using the AlamarBlue assay. In vivo evaluation in a rabbit model involved creating critical‐sized defects in calvarial bone, filling with the OPG–chitosan gel and sacrificing at 12 weeks. In vitro results demonstrated that the 25 kDa OPG–chitosan gel had the highest rate of protein release and achieved 90% degradation in 28 days. At 12 weeks, the defects filled with 25 kDa OPG–chitosan gel showed significant (p < 0.05) new bone formation and the highest expression of osteocalcin and osteopontin compared to controls. Thus, the 25 kDa OPG–chitosan gel could be a promising new biomaterial for tissue engineering. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 398–407, 2017.
Cayley Graphs of Diameter Two from Difference Sets
Authors: Pott Alexander , Zhou Yue 
Published: September 2016

AbstractLet and be the largest order of a Cayley graph and a Cayley graph based on an abelian group, respectively, of degree d and diameter k. When , it is well known that with equality if and only if the graph is a Moore graph. In the abelian case, we have . The best currently lower bound on is for all sufficiently large d. In this article, we consider the construction of large graphs of diameter 2 using generalized difference sets. We show that for sufficiently large d and if , and m is odd.
Applications of Hajós‐Type Constructions to the Hedetniemi Conjecture
Authors: Broere Izak , Matsoha Moroli D. V. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractHedetniemi conjectured in 1966 that if G and H are finite graphs with chromatic number n, then the chromatic number of the direct product of G and H is also n. We mention two well‐known results pertaining to this conjecture and offer an improvement of the one, which partially proves the other. The first of these two results is due to Burr et al. (Ars Combin 1 (1976), 167–190), who showed that when every vertex of a graph G with is contained in an n‐clique, then whenever . The second, by Duffus et al. (J Graph Theory 9 (1985), 487–495), and, obtained independently by Welzl (J Combin Theory Ser B 37 (1984), 235–244), states that the same is true when G and H are connected graphs each with clique number n. Our main result reads as follows: If G is a graph with and has the property that the subgraph of G induced by those vertices of G that are not contained in an n‐clique is homomorphic to an ‐critical graph H, then . This result is an improvement of the result by the first authors. In addition we will show that our main result implies a special case of the result by the second set of authors. Our approach will employ a construction of a graph F, with chromatic number , that is homomorphic to G and H.
Variations of nutrient concentrations and contents between summer and autumn within tree compartments of European beech (Fagus sylvatica)
Authors: Ulbricht Matthias , Göttlein Axel , Biber Peter , Dieler Jochen , Pretzsch Hans 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe paradigm of sustainable forest management was initially aimed to ensure continuous wood supply but has gradually been extended for many functions and services of forest ecosystems, including the aspect of nutrient sustainability. The current tendency towards harvesting all year round and whole‐tree export for energy purposes raised the question of how the input : output balance of nutrients depends on site conditions, tree species, and harvest intensity. Possible differences in nutrient export between harvesting in autumn and summer have been more or less neglected. Based on compartment‐wise analyses of biomass and nutrient (Ca, K, Mg, and P) concentrations of adult European beeches (Fagus sylvatica[L.]), nine compartments were sampled in summer and nine in autumn. We found, for the majority of the compartments (especially in branch wood), increased levels of nutrient concentrations: 81% (Ca), 54% (K), 90% (Mg), and 96% (P) in autumn compared to summer. Upscaling our results to stand level revealed up to 10.0% and 1.6% less mineral nutrient exports of Ca and Mg, respectively, for whole‐tree harvest in forest stands when carried out in summer instead of autumn. Nutrient removal was increased by 0.8% and by 13.0% for K and P, respectively, in summer. Despite lower nutrient export, many ecological, logistic, and technical reasons discourage harvesting in summer. Our findings, however, deliver an additional yet so far missing mosaic piece for a better understanding and assessment of the frame conditions for sustainable nutrient management in beech forests.
Update of literature from cystic fibrosis registries 2012–2015. Part 6: Epidemiology, nutrition and complications
Authors: Salvatore Donatello , Buzzetti Roberto , Mastella Gianni 
Published: September 2016

SummaryPatient registries provide useful information to afford more knowledge on rare diseases like Cystic Fibrosis (CF). Twenty‐two studies originating from national CF registries, focusing on demographics, survival, genetics, nutritional status, and non‐pulmonary complications, were published between December 2011 and March 2015. The purpose of this review article is to examine these reports, aiming attention to the clinical characteristics of CF patients included in the registries, current, and estimated future epidemiological data, the role of gender gap, the increasing survival in different countries. Some studies offer insights into pubertal growth and non‐pulmonary complications, such as liver disease, nephropathy, and cancer. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:390–398. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Physician driven variation in the care of children with spinal muscular atrophy type 1
Authors: Oskoui Maryam , Ng Pamela , Liben Stephen , Zielinski David 
Published: September 2016

SummaryBackgroundIncreasing numbers of families are requesting active supportive management for their child with spinal muscular atrophy type 1 (SMA1), leading to longer survival and greater prevalence of affected children. Strong opinions exist among physicians for and against the provision of care measures prolonging life. Objective: To describe current practice in the care of SMA1 in Canada, and explore the factors underlying inter‐physician variability. Methods: A cross‐sectional survey of Canadian hospital‐based pediatric neurologists and pediatric respirologists was performed in 2015. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to compare proportions between groups. Results: There was a 54% completion rate (99 physicians). Over half of participants believed that a disease modifying therapy was likely within 10 years. Quebec respirologists were 50 times less likely to offer long‐term non‐invasive ventilation (NIV) than respirologists in other provinces (OR 50.6, 95% CI 2.4–1075.3), and 20 times less likely to discuss tracheostomy with families (OR 20.4, 95% CI 2.0–211.8). High raters of perceived happiness of affected children were more likely to find NIV an acceptable measure for acute (OR 6.7, 95% CI 1.7–26.0) and chronic (OR 13.7, 95% CI 4.0–46.4) respiratory failure and prophylactic use (OR 5.8, 95% CI 2.2–15.6). Conclusion: Physician knowledge, opinions, subjective perception of child happiness, and regional factors, all influence physicians’ practices and the shared decision‐making process. Parents may not be informed or offered all the services available to their child. Knowledge translation initiatives are needed to enhance SMA1 care. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:662–668. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Poxvirus uracil‐DNA glycosylase—An unusual member of the family I uracil‐DNA glycosylases
Authors: Schormann Norbert , Zhukovskaya Natalia , Bedwell Gregory , Nuth Manunya , Gillilan Richard , Prevelige Peter E. , Ricciardi Robert P. , Banerjee Surajit , Chattopadhyay Debasish 
Published: September 2016

AbstractUracil‐DNA glycosylases are ubiquitous enzymes, which play a key role repairing damages in DNA and in maintaining genomic integrity by catalyzing the first step in the base excision repair pathway. Within the superfamily of uracil‐DNA glycosylases family I enzymes or UNGs are specific for recognizing and removing uracil from DNA. These enzymes feature conserved structural folds, active site residues and use common motifs for DNA binding, uracil recognition and catalysis. Within this family the enzymes of poxviruses are unique and most remarkable in terms of amino acid sequences, characteristic motifs and more importantly for their novel non‐enzymatic function in DNA replication. UNG of vaccinia virus, also known as D4, is the most extensively characterized UNG of the poxvirus family. D4 forms an unusual heterodimeric processivity factor by attaching to a poxvirus‐specific protein A20, which also binds to the DNA polymerase E9 and recruits other proteins necessary for replication. D4 is thus integrated in the DNA polymerase complex, and its DNA‐binding and DNA scanning abilities couple DNA processivity and DNA base excision repair at the replication fork. The adaptations necessary for taking on the new function are reflected in the amino acid sequence and the three‐dimensional structure of D4. An overview of the current state of the knowledge on the structure‐function relationship of D4 is provided here.
Population‐Based External Validation of the Updated 2012 Partin Tables in Contemporary North American Prostate Cancer Patients
Authors: Leyh‐Bannurah Sami‐Ramzi , Gazdovich Stéphanie , Budäus Lars , Zaffuto Emanuele , Dell'Oglio Paolo , Briganti Alberto , Abdollah Firas , Montorsi Francesco , Schiffmann Jonas , Menon Mani , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Fisch Margit , Chun Felix , Graefen Markus , Karakiewicz Pierre I. 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVETo externally validate the updated 2012 Partin Tables in contemporary North American patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) for localized prostate cancer (PCa) at community institutions.MATERIALS AND METHODSWe examined records of 25,254 patients treated with RP and pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) between 2010 and 2013, within the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database. The ROC derived AUC assessed discriminant properties of the updated 2012 Partin Tables of organ confined disease (OC), extracapsular extension (ECE), seminal vesical invasion (SVI), and lymph node invasion (LNI). Calibration plots focused on calibration between predicted and observed rates.RESULTSProportions of OC, ECE, SVI, and LNI at RP were 69.8%, 18.4%, 7.4%, and 4.4%, respectively. Accuracy for prediction of OC, ECE, SVI, and LNI was 70.4%, 59.9%, 72.9%, and 77.1%, respectively. In subgroup analyses in patients with nodal yield >10, accuracy for LNI prediction was 76.0%. Subgroup analyses in elderly patients and in African American patients revealed decreased accuracy for prediction of all four endpoints. Last but not least, SVI and LNI calibration plots showed excellent agreement, versus good agreement for OC (maximum underestimation of 10%) and poor agreement for ECE (maximum overestimation of 12%).CONCLUSIONTaken together, the updated 2012 Partin Tables can be unequivocally endorsed for prediction of OC, SVI, and LNI in community‐based patients with localized PCa. Conversely, ECE predictions failed to reach the minimum accuracy requirements of 70%. Prostate 77:105–113, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synergistic mortality between a neonicotinoid insecticide and an ergosterol‐biosynthesis‐inhibiting fungicide in three bee species
Authors: Sgolastra Fabio , Medrzycki Piotr , Bortolotti Laura , Renzi Maria Teresa , Tosi Simone , Bogo Gherardo , Teper Dariusz , Porrini Claudio , Molowny‐Horas Roberto , Bosch Jordi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDNeonicotinoid insecticides have been identified as an important factor contributing to bee diversity declines. Nonetheless, uncertainties remain about their impact under field conditions. Most studies have been conducted on Apis mellifera and tested single compounds. However, in agricultural environments, bees are often exposed to multiple pesticides. We explore the synergistic mortality between a neonicotinoid (clothianidin) and an ergosterol‐biosynthesis‐inhibiting fungicide (propiconazole) in three bee species (A. mellifera, Bombus terrestris, Osmia bicornis) following oral exposure in the laboratory.RESULTSWe developed a new approach based on the binomial proportion test to analyse synergistic interactions. We estimated uptake of clothianidin per foraging bout in honey bees foraging on seed‐coated rapeseed fields. We found significant synergistic mortality in all three bee species exposed to non‐lethal doses of propiconazole and their respective LD10 of clothianidin. Significant synergism was only found at the first assessment times in A. mellifera (4 and 24 h) and B. terrestris (4 h), but persisted throughout the experiment (96 h) in O. bicornis. O. bicornis was also the most sensitive species to clothianidin.CONCLUSIONOur results underscore the importance to test pesticide combinations likely to occur in agricultural environments, and to include several bee species in environmental risk assessment schemes. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Estimating the reliability of repeatedly measured endpoints based on linear mixed‐effects models. A tutorial
Authors: Van der Elst Wim , Molenberghs Geert , Hilgers Ralf‐Dieter , Verbeke Geert , Heussen Nicole 
Published: September 2016

There are various settings in which researchers are interested in the assessment of the correlation between repeated measurements that are taken within the same subject (i.e., reliability). For example, the same rating scale may be used to assess the symptom severity of the same patients by multiple physicians, or the same outcome may be measured repeatedly over time in the same patients.Reliability can be estimated in various ways, for example, using the classical Pearson correlation or the intra‐class correlation in clustered data. However, contemporary data often have a complex structure that goes well beyond the restrictive assumptions that are needed with the more conventional methods to estimate reliability.In the current paper, we propose a general and flexible modeling approach that allows for the derivation of reliability estimates, standard errors, and confidence intervals – appropriately taking hierarchies and covariates in the data into account. Our methodology is developed for continuous outcomes together with covariates of an arbitrary type.The methodology is illustrated in a case study, and a Web Appendix is provided which details the computations using the R package CorrMixed and the SAS software. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.