bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between oxidative balance score and muscular dystrophies
Authors: Tang Dupeng , Lin Lanqing , Zheng Yixin 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThis research utilized data from the NHANES 2011–2018 study to investigate the connection between the Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) and muscular dystrophies.MethodsThis study is a cross-sectional, observational, secondary analysis utilizing data from the NHANES 2011-2018. Spearman’s correlation, chi-square tests, logistic regression, and restricted cubic spline plots were employed for statistical analyses.ResultsThis association remained significant after adjustment for various demographic and medical history factors (For continuous OBS: crude model, odds ratio [OR], 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI:] 0.94, 0.97, p &lt; 0.001; Model 1, OR, 0.94, 95% CI: 0.92, 0.96, p &lt; 0.001; Model 2, OR, 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93, 0.97, p &lt; 0.001; Model 3, OR, 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93, 0.97, p &lt; 0.001; In quartile Q4 vs. Q1: Crude model, OR, 0. 42, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.66, p &lt; 0.001; Model 1, OR, 0.33, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.52, p &lt; 0.001; Model 2, OR, 0.37, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.58, p &lt; 0.001; Model 3, OR, 0.38, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.60, p &lt; 0.001). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis further supported this inverse relationship, suggesting that OBS values above 10 may confer protection against muscular dystrophies (p for overall &lt;0.001, p for non-linear = 0.536). However, the relationship between OBS and muscular dystrophies was not statistically significant in the subgroups with education level below high school, presence of cancer, or diabetes (p = 0.735, p = 0.574, p = 0.409, respectively).ConclusionThe study found a significant inverse correlation between the OBS and muscular dystrophies, suggesting that individuals with higher oxidative balance had a lower risk of developing muscular dystrophies. The study highlights the potential role of oxidative balance in muscular dystrophies prevention and management.
Contrast-enhanced CT radiomics combined with multiple machine learning algorithms for preoperative identification of lymph node metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Huang Yue , Zhang Han , Chen Lingfeng , Ding Qingzhu , Chen Dehua , Liu Guozhong , Zhang Xiang , Huang Qiang , Zhang Denghan , Weng Shangeng 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesThis research aimed to assess the value of radiomics combined with multiple machine learning algorithms in the diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) lymph node (LN) metastasis, which is expected to provide clinical treatment strategies.MethodsA total of 128 patients with pathologically confirmed PDAC and who underwent surgical resection were randomized into training (n=93) and validation (n=35) groups. This study incorporated a total of 13 distinct machine learning algorithms and explored 85 unique combinations of these algorithms. The area under the curve (AUC) of each model was computed. The model with the highest mean AUC was selected as the best model which was selected to determine the radiomics score (Radscore). The clinical factors were examined by the univariate and multivariate analysis, which allowed for the identification of factors suitable for clinical modeling. The multivariate logistic regression was used to create a combined model using Radscore and clinical variables. The diagnostic performance was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsAmong the 233 models constructed using arterial phase (AP), venous phase (VP), and AP+VP radiomics features, the model built by applying AP+VP radiomics features and a combination of Lasso+Logistic algorithm had the highest mean AUC. A clinical model was eventually constructed using CA199 and tumor size. The combined model consisted of AP+VP-Radscore and two clinical factors that showed the best diagnostic efficiency in the training (AUC = 0.920) and validation (AUC = 0.866) cohorts. Regarding preoperative diagnosis of LN metastasis, the calibration curve and DCA demonstrated that the combined model had a good consistency and greatest net benefit.ConclusionsCombining radiomics and machine learning algorithms demonstrated the potential for identifying the LN metastasis of PDAC. As a non-invasive and efficient preoperative prediction tool, it can be beneficial for decision-making in clinical practice.
Neratinib safety evaluation: real-world adverse event analysis from the FAERS database
Authors: Fan Yunhe , Wu Teng , Xu Pengyang , Yang Chuanli , An Jie , Zhang Haijia , Abbas Mureed , Dong Xiushan 
Published: September 2024

AimsNeratinib has emerged as significant theraputic option for breast cancer treatment. However, despite its approval, numerous adverse drug events (ADEs) associated to it remain unrecognized and unreported. This study aims to mine and analyze the signals of ADEs related to neratinib from the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database, providing insights for safe and rational clinical use of drug.MethodsAll the neratinib-related ADEs data were collected from FAERS database from the third quarter (Q3) of 2017 to the fourth quarter (Q4) of 2023. After standardizing the data, 4 disproportionality methods were used to assess the correlation between neratinib and ADEs.ResultsOf the 1,544 ADEs implicating neratinib as the primary suspected drug, a combined total of 48 preferred terms (PTs) and 10 system organ classes (SOCs) showed significant disproportionality accross all four algorithms simultaneously. These SOCs included gastrointestinal disorders (n = 2,564, ROR 7.14), general disorders and administration site conditions (n = 958, ROR 0.77) and injury poisoning and procedural complications (n = 474, ROR 0.58) among others. Upon comparison with the neratinib manual, 34 ADEs not documented in the manual were found at the PT level.ConclusionOur study provide new real-world evidence for drug safety information of neratinib. While the majority of our findings were aligned with the information provided in the manual. We identified additional ADEs not previously documented. Consequently, further studies are needed to validate unreported ADEs to ensure the efficacy and safety of neratinib for patients.
An exploratory analysis of associations of genetic variation with the efficacy of tocilizumab in severe COVID-19 patients. A pharmacogenetic study based on next-generation sequencing
Authors: Durán-Sotuela Alejandro , Vázquez-García Jorge , Relaño-Fernández Sara , Balboa-Barreiro Vanesa , Fernández-Tajes Juan , Blanco Francisco J. , Rego-Pérez Ignacio 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundIn the context of the cytokine storm the takes place in severe COVID-19 patients, the Interleukin 6 (IL6) pathway emerges as one of the key pathways involved in the pathogenesis of this hyperinflammatory state. The strategy of blocking the inflammatory storm by targeting the IL6 is a promising therapy to mitigate mortality. The use of Tocilizumab was recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to treat severe COVID-19 patients. However, the efficacy of Tocilizumab is variable. We hypothesize that the genetic background could be behind the efficacy of Tocilizumab in terms of mortality.MethodsWe performed a targeted-next generation sequencing of 287 genes, of which 264 belong to a community panel of ThermoFisher for the study of genetic causes of primary immunodeficiency disorders, and 23 additional genes mostly related to inflammation, not included in the original community panel. This panel was sequenced in an initial cohort of 425 COVID-19 patients, of which 232 were treated with Tocilizumab and standard therapy, and 193 with standard therapy only. Selected genetic variants were genotyped by single base extension in additional 245 patients (95 treated with Tocilizumab and 150 non-treated with Tocilizumab). Appropriate statistical analyses and internal validation, including logistic regression models, with the interaction between Tocilizumab and genetic variants, were applied to assess the impact of these genetic variants in the efficacy of Tocilizumab in terms of mortality.ResultsAge (p &lt; 0.001) and cardiovascular disease (p &lt; 0.001) are risk factors for mortality in COVID-19 patients. The presence of GG and TT genotypes at IL10Rβ (rs2834167) and IL1β (rs1143633) genes significantly associates with a reduced risk of mortality in patients treated with Tocilizumab (OR = 0.111; 95%CI = 0.015–0.829; p = 0.010 and OR = 0.378; 95%CI = 0.154–0.924; p = 0.028 respectively). The presence of CC genotype at IL1RN (rs2234679) significantly associates with an increased risk of mortality, but only in patients not treated with Tocilizumab (OR = 3.200; 95%CI = 1.512–6.771; p = 0.002). Exhaustive internal validation using a bootstrap method (B = 500 replicates) validated the accuracy of the predictive models.ConclusionWe developed a series of predictive models based on three genotypes in genes with a strong implication in the etiopathogenesis of COVID-19 disease capable of predicting the risk of mortality in patients treated with Tocilizumab.
VO2MAX, 6-minute walk, and muscle strength each correlate with frailty in US veterans
Authors: Seldeen Kenneth Ladd , Rahman Ayesha Saqebur , Redae Yonas , Satchidanand Nikhil , Mador M. Jeffery , Ma Changxing , Soparkar Mihir , Lima Alexis Rose , Ezeilo Ifeoma N. , Troen Bruce Robert 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionFrailty often manifests as an increased vulnerability to adverse outcomes, and detecting frailty is useful for informed healthcare decisions. Veterans are at higher risk for developing frailty and at younger ages. The goal of this study was to investigate approaches in Veterans that can better inform the physiologic underpinnings of frailty, including maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), 6-min walk, muscle strength, and inflammatory biomarkers.MethodsParticipants (N = 42) were recruited from the Buffalo VA Medical Center. Inclusion criteria: ages 60–85, male or female, any race, and not having significant comorbidities or cognitive impairment. Outcome measures included: the Fried frailty phenotype, the short physical performance battery (SPPB), quality of life (QOL) using the Q-LES-Q-SF, and the following physiologic assessments: VO2max assessment on an upright stationary bicycle, 6-min walk, and arm and leg strength. Additionally, inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein, IL-6, IL-10, interferon-γ, and TNF-α) were measured using ELLA single and multiplex ELISA.ResultsParticipants: 70.3 ± 7.4 years of age: 34 males and 8 females, BMI = 30.7 ± 5.4 kg/m2, 26 white and 16 African American. A total of 18 (42.8%) were non-frail, 20 (47.6%) were pre-frail, and 4 (9.5%) were frail. VO2max negatively correlated with Fried frailty scores (r = −0.40, p = 0.03, N = 30), and positively correlated with SPPB scores (r = 0.50, p = 0.005), and QOL (r = 0.40, p = 0.03). The 6-min walk test also significantly correlated with VO2max (r = 0.57, p = 0.001, N = 42) and SPPB (r = 0.55, p = 0.0006), but did not quite reach a significant association with frailty (r = −0.28, p = 0.07). Arm strength negatively correlated with frailty (r = −0.47, p = 0.02, N = 26), but not other parameters. Inflammatory profiles did not differ between non-frail and pre-frail/frail participants.ConclusionObjectively measured cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with important functional outcomes including physical performance, QOL, and frailty in this group of older Veterans. Furthermore, the 6-min walk test correlated with VO2max and SPPB, but more validation is necessary to confirm sensitivity for frailty. Arm strength may also be an important indicator of frailty, however the relationship to other indicators of physical performance is unclear.
Enhanced antioxidant phytochemicals and catalase activity of celery by-products by a combined strategy of selenium and PGPB under restricted N supply
Authors: Collado-González Jacinta , Piñero María Carmen , Otálora Ginés , López-Marín Josefa , del Amor Francisco M. 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe reduction of N supplied combined with the use of biostimulants can be an efficient strategy that allows sustainable agriculture to achieve better economic, nutritional and environmental goals without reducing production. Moreover, the industrial processing of celery generates large amounts of waste. Therefore the purpose of this study was improve crop management strategies to reduce nitrate pollution while turning crop waste into value-added products for others sectors.MethodsConsequently, in this work twelve treatments were examined: three N nitrogen content in the nutrient solution (100% control, 60%, and 30%) combined with the inoculation of the roots with Azotobacter salinestris, and foliar application selenium solution (8 μM, Na2SeO4). The celery parts from plants grown under limited N dose showed a higher antioxidant activity and TPC (total phenolic compounds) content.Results and discussionThe antioxidant activity increased 28% in leaves and 41% in by-products and TPC improved 27% in leaves and 191% in by-products respect to the control. Besides, a significant reduction of β-carotene content (56%, 11% and 43% in petioles, leaves and by-products respect to the control, respectively) was obtained in plants fed with restricted dose of N. The catalase activity was not affected by N dose. The inoculation of the plants with Azotobacter, together with a reduced N dose, achieved a greater accumulation of all the parameters studied. This accumulation was maximum when Se was applied to the leaves compared with the control and depending on the celery part: TPC (121-450%); antioxidant activity (60-68%), of catalase activity (59% - 158%), and of pigments content (50-90%). These findings can boost the valorization of celery by-products as excellent source of bioactive compounds.
The role of predictive and preview effects in Mongolian reading: evidence from eye movements
Authors: Lu Zhang , Ri Na , Jingxin Wang 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe research on contextual predictability in reading has been thoroughly investigated in the context of horizontal text comprehension. However, the performance of contextual predictive effects in Mongolian vertical reading remains unknown.MethodsTo explore this, we conducted an eye-tracking study using a boundary paradigm. Our study aimed to investigate contextual predictability and preview effects in Mongolian reading.ResultsWe found significant main effects of predictability and previewing on temporal indicators. However, there were no significant effects on skipping rates, and no interaction between predictability and previewing was observed.DiscussionWe speculate that the unique reading orientation and writing features of Mongolian, compared to horizontally read phonetic scripts, reduce the parafoveal processing of preview information, leading to lower skipping rates in Mongolian reading.
How much risk does delirium represent for the development of dementia?: Retrospective cohort study from over 260,000 patients record in a solitary institution
Authors: Minami Hironari , Toyoda Katsunori , Hata Takeo , Nishihara Masami , Neo Masashi , Nishida Keiichiro , Kanazawa Tetsufumi 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundDelirium frequently affects the consciousness of the elderly, particularly those in hospitals. Evidence increasingly associates linking delirium history to an increased risk of dementia. However, most studies are limited in scope, focusing mainly on postoperative or intensive care units with small patient samples, which affects the broader applicability of their findings.AimsTo elucidate the precise incidence of delirium and the subsequent onset of dementia within whole inpatients. Additionally, we aimed to explore the correlation between the emergence of delirium during hospitalization and the subsequent manifestation of dementia.Design, setting, and participantsWe conducted a retrospective cohort analysis employing a decade-long electronic medical record dataset consisted of 261,123 patients in Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital. Key analyses were performed October 2022 to January 2023.Main outcomes and measuresThe primary outcome, dementia onset, was determined by prescriptions for the anti-dementia drugs donepezil, galantamine, memantine, or rivastigmine, which are approved for use in Japan.Results10,781 patients met the inclusion criteria. The median interval between the onset of dementia was 972.5 days for individuals without a history of delirium, whereas for those with a history of delirium, it was notably shorter at 592.5 days. This disparity culminated in a hazard ratio of 5.29 (95% confidence interval: 1.35-20.75) for subsequent dementia onset.Conclusions and relevanceThis investigation underscores the imperative significance of directing attention toward preventive measures against delirium during hospitalization, alongside the necessity of diligent monitoring and intervention for cognitive decline in patients who encounter delirium.
From guidelines to bedside - insomnia treatment practices in South Korea: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Moon Daa Un , Piao Zhaoyan , Lee Do Hyun , Han Euna 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundInsomnia is a prevalent disorder that impacts quality of life and leads to significant economic costs. Treatment includes both non-medication and pharmacological interventions, with international guidelines recommending cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) as the first-line treatment.ObjectiveTo describe current insomnia treatment practices in South Korea, focusing on pharmacological and non-medication treatments, and to identify gaps in guideline implementation.MethodsThis cohort study used data from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) from 2002 to 2019 and identified 18,003 patients newly diagnosed with insomnia between 2015 and 2019. This study analyzed treatment patterns and utilization rates.ResultsOf the 18,003 patients, 16,181 (89.9%) received pharmacological treatment, resulting in 35,638 prescriptions. Zolpidem (60%) and benzodiazepines (30-40%) were the most prescribed medications. Most patients were treated in clinics, with consistent dosages and increasing treatment lengths. Psychotherapy claims rose from 3.20% in 2015 to 9.14% in 2019, particularly in general hospitals (22.06% to 48.37%), but remained low in clinics (1.26% to 2.08%).ConclusionPharmacological treatments dominate insomnia management in South Korea, with CBT-I being underutilized. Future efforts should focus on integrating non-pharmacological treatment into routine practice and exploring treatment risks and effectiveness based on patient demographics.
Maternal and psychosocial antecedents of anxiety and depression in extremely low gestational age newborns at age 15 years
Authors: Jalnapurkar Isha , Oran Ali , Frazier Jean A. , Cochran David , Kim Sohye , Jensen Elizabeth , Joseph Robert , Hooper Stephen R. , Santos Hudson , Jara Hernan , Kuban Karl C. K. , Msall Michael E. , Singh Rachana , Washburn Lisa , Gogcu Semsa , Hanson Shannon , Venuti Lauren , Fry Rebecca C. , O’Shea T. Michael 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesThe prevalence of many psychiatric symptoms, including anxiety and depression, is higher in individuals born extremely preterm (EP) than in term-born individuals during childhood and adolescence. In this prospective study of adolescents born EP, we examined associations between early-life risk factors (prenatal maternal health conditions, socioeconomic and social factors) and anxiety and depression at 15 years of age.MethodsWe included 682 participants (53.2% White, 57.8% male) who were born &lt;28 weeks gestation. Data on demographic factors, maternal health conditions and socioeconomic status (SES) were collected in the first postnatal month, and data on the outcomes (anxiety and depression) were collected at 15 years by a structured clinical diagnostic interview. At the 15-year visit, the mother reported on her own experiences of childhood trauma. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between maternal health indicators, SES factors and mothers' childhood trauma and adolescent outcome variables of anxiety, depression and both anxiety and/or depression, adjusting for potential confounding factors and expressed as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsMaternal pre-pregnancy obesity was associated with anxiety (aOR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.15, 2.95) and depression (aOR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.17, 3.23) in adolescents at age 15. Maternal exposure to active or second-hand smoke was associated with depression (aOR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.08, 3.00) and with anxiety and depression (aOR: 2.83, 95% CI: 1.51, 5.31) at age 15. Other maternal pre-pregnancy health indicators of interest including asthma, hypertension and diabetes mellitus did not demonstrate significant associations with symptoms of anxiety or depression in adolescents at age 15 in univariable and multivariate analyses. Maternal childhood experience of parental upheaval was associated with anxiety and depression (OR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.01, 3.55) in adolescents, and maternal childhood experience of victim violence was linked with anxiety (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.22, 4.62) and anxiety and depression (OR: 2.49, 95% CI: 1.05, 5.42).ConclusionThese findings suggest that prenatal maternal health and socioeconomic factors contribute to psychiatric disorders among adolescents born EP. These factors could serve as targets for interventions to improve mental health of individuals born EP.
Sperm quality and in vitro fertilizing ability of boar spermatozoa stored at 4 °C versus conventional storage for 1 week
Authors: Hallberg Ida , Morrell Jane M. , Malaluang Pack , Johannisson Anders , Sjunnesson Ylva , Laskowski Denise 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionSince boar spermatozoa show a marked deterioration in sperm quality when cooled, insemination doses are usually stored at 16–18 °C. However, maintaining this temperature during transport of semen doses is challenging, particularly during the summer months. An alternative could be to store the doses at 4 °C if cold-shock to the sperm could be prevented. The objective of this study was to evaluate boar sperm quality and fertility in in vitro fertilization after storage in AndroStar Premium at 4 °C for 1 week.MethodsInsemination doses (n = 9) in AndroStar Premium from a commercial boar semen collection station were transported to the laboratory at approximately 20 °C. At the laboratory, sperm quality evaluation and was preformed and each dose was split; half of each ejaculate was stored in a climate-controlled box at 16–18 °C, the other was slowly cooled to 4 °C. Both samples were stored for 1 week before further sperm quality evaluation and in vitro fertilization (IVF) were performed. Mean values were tested using generalized linear regression, with treatment and boar as fixed factors; p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsSperm membrane integrity (mean ± sem: 91 ± 0.05 and 83 ± 0.09% for 16 and 4 °C, respectively) and superoxide production (6.79 ± 2.37 and 13.54 ± 6.23% for 16 and 4 °C, respectively), were different between treatments. The DNA fragmentation index was lower in cold-stored samples than in conventionally stored samples (3.74 ± 2.25 and 7.40 ± 3.36% for 4 and 16 °C, respectively). The numbers of oocytes developing to blastocyst on Day 6 (mean ± sd: 9.0 ± 8.0 and 6.0 ± 5.0%, for storage at 16 and 4 °C, respectively) were not different between treatments.DiscussionTherefore, storage of boar semen doses in AndroStar Premium at 4 °C for up to 7 days would be a viable alternative to current praxis.