bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonclinical characterization of ICVB-1042 as a selective oncolytic adenovirus for solid tumor treatment
Authors: Kato Yu , Rice Nathaniel , Pokrass Michael , Jeong Jinkil , Rodriguez Ruben , Field Jessica J. , Nowyhed Heba 
Published: September 2024

AbstractICVB-1042 is an oncolytic adenovirus containing modifications to enhance replication, lysis, and viral spreading in tumor cells. The anti-tumor activity, immune activation, tropism, selectivity, and mechanism of action were evaluated in preparation for a first-in-human study. ICVB-1042 was at least 100-fold more cytotoxic in A549 cells than in normal primary cells tested, demonstrating its high tumor selectivity and a low likelihood of targeting primary tissues. ICVB-1042 administered to mice intravenously or intratumorally was effective in reducing tumor burden. Its intravenous administration also inhibited tumor growth in orthotopic models. ICVB-1042 was well tolerated in mice compared to HAdV-C5 (Wt Ad5), with reduced liver sequestration, supporting safety of the drug for systemic delivery. These preclinical data demonstrating the safety and potency of ICVB-1042 for treatment of various solid tumors support the ongoing clinical investigation (NCT05904236).
Multiomics reveals microbial metabolites as key actors in intestinal fibrosis in Crohn’s disease
Authors: Li Xuehua , Hu Shixian , Shen Xiaodi , Zhang Ruonan , Liu Caiguang , Xiao Lin , Lin Jinjiang , Huang Li , He Weitao , Wang Xinyue , Huang Lili , Zheng Qingzhu , Wu Luyao , Sun Canhui , Peng Zhenpeng , Chen Minhu , Li Ziping , Feng Rui , Zhu Yijun , Wang Yangdi , Li Zhoulei , Mao Ren , Feng Shi-Ting 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntestinal fibrosis is the primary cause of disability in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD), yet effective therapeutic strategies are currently lacking. Here, we report a multiomics analysis of gut microbiota and fecal/blood metabolites of 278 CD patients and 28 healthy controls, identifying characteristic alterations in gut microbiota (e.g., Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Muribaculaceae, Saccharimonadales) and metabolites (e.g., L-aspartic acid, glutamine, ethylmethylacetic acid) in moderate-severe intestinal fibrosis. By integrating multiomics data with magnetic resonance enterography features, putative links between microbial metabolites and intestinal fibrosis-associated morphological alterations were established. These potential associations were mediated by specific combinations of amino acids (e.g., L-aspartic acid), primary bile acids, and glutamine. Finally, we provided causal evidence that L-aspartic acid aggravated intestinal fibrosis both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, we offer a biologically plausible explanation for the hypothesis that gut microbiota and its metabolites promote intestinal fibrosis in CD while also identifying potential targets for therapeutic trials.
An intrinsic mechanism of metabolic tuning promotes cardiac resilience to stress
Authors: Sorge Matteo , Savoré Giulia , Gallo Andrea , Acquarone Davide , Sbroggiò Mauro , Velasco Silvia , Zamporlini Federica , Femminò Saveria , Moiso Enrico , Morciano Giampaolo , Balmas Elisa , Raimondi Andrea , Nattenberg Gabrielle , Stefania Rachele , Tacchetti Carlo , Rizzo Angela Maria , Corsetto Paola , Ghigo Alessandra , Turco Emilia , Altruda Fiorella , Silengo Lorenzo , Pinton Paolo , Raffaelli Nadia , Sniadecki Nathan J , Penna Claudia , Pagliaro Pasquale , Hirsch Emilio , Riganti Chiara , Tarone Guido , Bertero Alessandro , Brancaccio Mara 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDefining the molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac resilience is crucial to find effective approaches to protect the heart. A physiologic level of ROS is produced in the heart by fatty acid oxidation, but stressful events can boost ROS and cause mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac functional impairment. Melusin is a muscle specific chaperone required for myocardial compensatory remodeling during stress. Here we report that Melusin localizes in mitochondria where it binds the mitochondrial trifunctional protein, a key enzyme in fatty acid oxidation, and decreases it activity. Studying both mice and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, we found that Melusin reduces lipid oxidation in the myocardium and limits ROS generation in steady state and during pressure overload and doxorubicin treatment, preventing mitochondrial dysfunction. Accordingly, the treatment with the lipid oxidation inhibitor Trimetazidine concomitantly with stressful stimuli limits ROS accumulation and prevents long-term heart dysfunction. These findings disclose a physiologic mechanism of metabolic regulation in the heart and demonstrate that a timely restriction of lipid metabolism represents a potential therapeutic strategy to improve cardiac resilience to stress.
The mass distribution of stellar mergers
Authors: Dvořáková N. , Korčáková D. , Dinnbier F. , Kroupa P. 
Published: September 2024

Context. FS CMa stars belong to a diverse group of stars exhibiting the B[e] phenomenon, which manifests itself mainly by the presence of forbidden emission lines and a strong infrared (IR) excess in their spectra. Only a few tens of FS CMa stars are known and their nature is still unclear. Recently, a strong magnetic field has been discovered in the FS CMa star IRAS 17449+2320. Its strength combined with an unusually high space velocity in the direction of the Galactic north pole point to the object having a post-merger nature. Such stellar mergers may provide an explanation for the complex and sometimes chaotic behaviour of some of the FS CMa stars.
Aims. In order to find out whether B-type stellar mergers are detectable, we did a statistical study of numerical simulations using Aarseth’s NBODY6 code. We show the importance of stellar mergers of low- to intermediate-mass stars (from ≈1.4 to ≈8 M⊙) and for B-type stars in particular.
Methods. We analysed two sets of N-body simulations with different initial orbital period distributions. In the simulations, more massive binaries are treated differently than less massive binaries and the mass limit usually used is 5 M⊙. In addition to this, we also used the value of 2 M⊙ to test the influence of this ambiguous limit on the results. Looking at mass, distance from their birth cluster, and velocity distributions, we investigated the statistical significance of individual spectral types in terms of merger dynamics and how merger events affect the stellar evolution.
Results. We have found that around 50% of stars in the simulated open clusters involved in the formation of mergers are B-type stars. As a result, more than 50% of the merger products end up as a B-type star as well. Also, between 12.54% and 23.24% of all B-type stars are mergers. These results are a natural consequence of the initial mass function, initial distribution of the binary star parameters, and large range of masses for B-type stars. A non-negligible fraction of mergers occurred before entering the common envelope phase and we detected merger events at extragalactic distances. The total amount of detected mergers could have an impact on the chemical evolution of galaxies. The resulting mass distribution of merger products shows a peak for A-type stars, which is in agreement with observed massive Ap stars. Post-mergers among late B-type FS CMa stars could be the progenitors of very massive magnetic Ap stars. our results could also help to explain the nature of some magnetic white dwarfs. We present a comparison of the W component and the space velocity of the simulated mergers with a sample of observed FS CMa stars.
Von disseminierten Tumorzellen zur ctDNA – Liquid Biopsies im Mammakarzinom und die Erkenntnisse der letzten 20 Jahre
Authors: Pfister Kerstin , Huesmann Sophia , Fink Angelina , Schäffler Henning , Heublein Sabine , Rack Brigitte , Janni Wolfgang 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungLiquid Biopsies, blutbasierte Biomarker, haben einen immer größer werdenden Stellenwert in der Überwachung und Therapiesteuerung onkologischer Erkrankungen erreicht. Beim frühen Mammakarzinom gehen dem bildgebend nachgewiesen Lokal- oder Fernrezidiv oft monate- bis jahrelang Tumorresiduen voraus (minimale Resterkrankung, MRD), welche durch die immer sensitiver werdenden Methoden nachgewiesen werden können. Den aktuell größten klinischen Stellenwert haben zirkulierende Tumorzellen und freie Tumor-DNA. Eine bessere Überwachung im Sinne einer intensivierten Nachsorge kann ein neues Therapiefenster zwischen der frühen Brustkrebserkrankung und der metastasierten Situation eröffnen. Durch eine post-adjuvante Therapie kann so die Prognose der Patient*innen potenziell deutlich verbessert werden.
Diiodine–Triethylsilane System: A Practical Method for Deprotection of Aryl Benzyl Ethers
Authors: Jiang Jin , Wang Zhuo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA practical method for the debenzylation of aryl benzyl ethers has been developed using easy-to-operate I2 and Et3SiH, as well as the green solvent ethyl acetate. Halo, methoxy, ester, and nitro groups on the benzene ring of the aryl benzyl ether are compatible with this debenzylation. Control experiments revealed that Et3SiI, generated in situ, might be the actual promoter of the procedure. This method does not require a separate desilylation reaction to obtain phenol products.
Survival Correlates with Regurgitation Degree Before and After Invasive Atrioventricular Valve Treatment
Authors: Doenst Torsten , Caldonazo Tulio , Mukharyamov Murat , Tasoudis Panagiotis , Kirov Hristo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe degree of both mitral (MR) and tricuspid valve regurgitation (TR) correlates with mortality. A vicious cycle has been proposed consisting of increasing regurgitation and decreasing ventricular function. Restoration of valve competence should break this vicious cycle and improve life expectancy. However, a “pop-off” mechanism keeps being entertained, presumably allowing poorly pumping ventricles to relieve volume into the low-pressure atrium through an incomplete repair, avoiding pump failure. We reasoned that if such a mechanism exists, it should offset the relationship between mortality and valve regurgitation after an invasive procedure. In this context, we meta-analytically compared valve regurgitation degree and survival before or after atrio-ventricular valve treatment. The results show significant relationships between valve regurgitation and mortality under all conditions (i.e., before and after surgery or intervention) and irrespective of the underlying pathology (i.e., functional or structural). In summary, the ubiquitously present relationship between valve regurgitation and mortality suggests that generating a tight and durable repair of the affected valve is key to long-term exploitation of a symptom-reducing and life-prologing mechanism, independent of the underlying valve pathology. This recognition may explain current controversies in the treatment effects of MR and TR.
Designing a hollow MoSe2/CuS nanospheres type-II heterojunction photocatalyst with superior UV–vis-NIR absorption for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants
Authors: Zhang Zhilong , Wu Rong , Yue Jianyong , Zhu YaLi , Hui JiaLei 
Published: September 2024

In this work, a hollow MoSe2/CuS type-II heterojunction was fabricated using hollow MoSe2 nanospheres as the basis for structural design. UV–Vis–NIR diffuse absorption tests show that MoSe2/CuS has a broad spectral absorption to extend the optical response range from UV–Vis to NIR. The light source utilization rate and interfacial area are increased by the hollow MoSe2/CuS core–shell structure. The broad absorption ability of MoSe2/CuS can facilitate the photocatalysis process. As the electrochemical impedance of MoSe2/CuS is lower than that of the MoSe2, MoSe2/CuS has a good photogenerated carrier separation efficiency. Benefiting from the synergistic facilitation effect of the multi-level 3D hollow nanosphere and the significant space charge region in type-II heterojunction, the RhB degradation efficiency of MoSe2/CuS reached 96.0% in 120.0 min under Xe (350 W) broadband spectrum light irradiation. The photocatalysis mechanism of the hollow MoSe2/CuS core–shell structure was investigated. This work provides an insight into the application of broad spectrum semiconductor heterojunctions to solve environmental problems.
Radiated power and soft x-ray diagnostics in the SMART tokamak
Authors: Salas-Suárez-Bárcena J. , Delgado-Aparicio L. F. , Segado-Fernández J. , Rodríguez-González A. , McKay K. A. , Cruz-Zabala D. J. , Hidalgo-Salaverri J. , García-Domínguez J. , García-Muñoz M. , Viezzer E. , Galdón-Quiroga J. 
Published: September 2024

A multi-energy soft x-ray diagnostic is planned to operate in the small aspect ratio tokamak (SMART), consisting of five cameras: one for core measurements, two for edge, and two for divertors. Each camera is equipped with four absolute extreme ultra-violet diodes, with three of them filtered by Ti and Al foils for C and O line emissions, respectively, and Be foils for temperature measurements. In addition, two spectrometers will be installed with a vertical line of sight for impurity control. This study introduces a synthetic model designed to characterize radiated power and soft x-ray emissions. The developed code extracts the radiated power and Zeff values by leveraging distributions of electron density, temperatures, and impurity concentrations. The investigation is centered on the predicted scenarios of SMART’s first phase of operation (Ip = 100 kA; Bt = 0.1 T), employing a double-null configuration with positive and negative triangularity. The anticipated impurities encompass C (1%) and Fe (0.01%) from the vessel, as well as O and N (0.1%) from air and water. For simplicity, the distribution is assumed to be homogeneous within the plasma, considering different mixtures with Zeff values ranging between 1 and 2. Finally, the model estimates signal strength for the diagnostic design, proving its feasibility.
Gypsum form and rate can affect soil physicochemical properties and crop productivity in soils of low electrical conductivity that have been enriched by sodium due to supplementary irrigation
Authors: Carciochi Walter D. , Chevallier Boutell Justo , García Gisela V. , Diovisalvi Natalia V. , Wyngaard Nicolas , Lapaz Olveira Adrián , Reussi Calvo Nahuel I. 
Published: September 2024

Context The optimum gypsum form and rate required to ameliorate soil sodicity constraints caused by supplementary irrigation with water containing sodium bicarbonate in humid regions are unknown. Aim Evaluate the short-term effect of different gypsum forms and rates on (i) soil physicochemical properties and (ii) grain yield in a barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)/maize (Zea mays L.) sequence. Methods We conducted two field experiments in the southeastern Argentinean Pampas on soils with low electrical conductivity (0.2 dS m−1), assessing three forms of gypsum (granulated, pelletised, and powdered) applied a month before barley sowing at 2000 kg ha−1. In one experiment, 3000 kg ha−1 was also tested. Soil properties and grain yield were determined at barley and maize harvests (i.e. 7 and 13 months after the gypsum application, respectively). Key results (i) Gypsum did not significantly affect soil physical properties; (ii) powdered gypsum at 3000 kg ha−1 enhanced soil chemical properties at barley harvest, decreasing pH by 7% and exchangeable sodium percentage by 35%, while increasing the exchangeable Ca2+/Na+ ratio by 70% (0.0–0.1 m depth); (iii) powdered gypsum improved soil chemical conditions at deeper soil depths (0.1–0.2 m) at maize harvest; (iv) barley grain yield increased with gypsum application; and (v) maize yield was negatively correlated with soil pH and positively correlated with the Ca2+/Na+ ratio. Conclusions Powdered gypsum can rapidly improve soil chemical properties and increase crop yields. Implications Powdered gypsum, especially at 3000 kg ha−1, could be used to alleviate soil sodicity issues in the short-term.
The development of L1 and L2 reading skills from captioned video viewing
in primary school EFL learners
Authors: Avello Daniela , Muñoz Carmen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This investigation explored the extent to which captioned
video viewing (11 episodes) fostered the development of L2 reading skills in
a group of 92 L1-Spanish primary school learners of English (years 4 and 5).
It also assessed the influence of L1- and L2-related factors on students’
reading performance over time. The analyses revealed learners’ significant
improvement in L2 reading skills as a result of the treatment and that
L2-related factors were stronger predictors than L1-related factors. One
interesting finding was that the treatment also enhanced the development of
L1 reading skills, particularly in the case of fifth graders. This outcome
lent support to the idea that in early L2 learning stages, students rely on
their L1 linguistic infrastructure to deal with L2 print.
Multimodal input and L2 pragmatics
Authors: Barón Júlia , Celaya M. Luz , Martínez-Flor Alicia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Analyzing the effects of multimodal input in the
acquisition of second/foreign language (L2) pragmatics is a recent area in
research. In this line, the use of eye-tracking to investigate L2
pragmatics remains limited (Godfroid, 2019). This study aimed to explore the
effects of multimodal input on L2 requests among English as a Foreign
Language (EFL) learners, while monitoring them with a webcam eye-tracker.
The study used a multiple-choice discourse completion test at pre and
posttest to evaluate the effects of viewing audio-visual material with or
without captions. Additionally, a subset of participants was
interviewed regarding pragmatic perception. Findings indicate that
participants exposed to captioned videos performed better in the posttest and relied
on captions when viewing, a result corroborated by retrospective
interviews.
The role of language aptitude in learning L2 constructions from captioned
and uncaptioned audiovisual input
Authors: Pattemore Anastasia , del Mar Suárez Maria , Montero Perez Maribel , Muñoz Carmen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the effects of aptitude on
learning L2 grammatical constructions from TV series with or without
captions. Study 1 involved 69 Catalan/Spanish learners of English (EFL) who
watched ten episodes of an English TV series, and targeted grammatical
constructions learning. Study 2 comprised 30 Flemish learners of Spanish
(ELE) who watched two excerpts from a Spanish TV series episode, with
auditory grammaticality judgement pretest-posttest to assess their learning
of subjunctive constructions. Grammatical sensitivity and inference aptitude
was measured using LLAMA F in both studies. Results revealed that groups
without captions relied more on aptitude to handle the demanding processing
of fast-paced TV series. Successful processing of uncaptioned input appeared
to require higher aptitude, whereas captions attenuated the effects of
individual differences.
First-Principles Studies of Structural Evolutions in Cathode Materials LiMO2 (M=Co, Mn, Ni)
Authors: Sun 孙 Yufeng 瑜锋 , Gong 龚 Xin-Gao 新高 , Yang 杨 Ji-Hui 吉辉 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We explore the structural evolutions of stoichiometric LiMO2 using the first-principles calculations combined with the cluster expansion method. We automatically obtain the ground state structures of the stoichiometric LiMO2 by just considering the cation orderings in the quasi rock-salt structures and the following structural relaxations due to both the atomic size mismatches and the Jahn–Teller distortions. We point out that, on the one hand, the cation orderings are mainly determined by the nearest, the second nearest, and the third nearest cation interactions and can be obtained from the ‘phase diagram’ we have built using the relative strengths of effective cluster interaction (ECI). On the other hand, the structural relaxations are dominated by the crystal field splitting (CFS) energies, i.e., structures with larger CFS energies are more stable. By calculating the ECIs and CFS energies for various structures of LiMO2, we clearly show how ECI and CFS play roles in determining the structural evolution mechanism of these systems.
The acoustic Galton board
Authors: Zhang Xinchao , Zheng Ning , Guo Fenze , Lin Hengze , Shi Qingfan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Phononic crystals are a class of materials with periodic structures that influence the propagation characteristics of acoustic waves through periodically arranged structural units. Here, we have developed the acoustic Galton board (AGB), a groundbreaking apparatus that serves as a cost-effective and user-friendly tool for demonstrating phononic crystal properties such as band gaps, Bragg scattering, and local resonance. The device comprises an elastic wave signal generator, an enhanced Galton board featuring a sophisticated pillar-nail array, and a signal receiver. The experimental results we have obtained demonstrate the significant impact of the AGB on elastic wave dispersion, effectively creating bandgaps that impede wave transmission within specific frequency ranges while allowing unhindered propagation in others. Furthermore, the AGB can simulate phononic crystals using both the Bragg scattering mechanism, achieved through the design of periodic rigid pillar-nail arrays, and the locally resonant mechanism, facilitated by the design of pillar-nail arrays with composite material structures. Additionally, the AGB can extend its applications to serve as a simulation tool for elastic metamaterials.
Calculation of thermodynamic properties and transport coefficients of

Ar

/

N
2

–

H
2

–

Si

plasma
Authors: Cheng Zhu , Xianhui Chen , Yunfei Zhang , Weidong Xia , Cheng Wang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The composition, thermodynamic properties and transport coefficients of

Ar

–

H
2

–

Si

and

N
2

–

H
2

–

Si

plasma within a temperature range of 300–30 000 K and pressure range of 0.1–10 atm are calculated under the assumptions of local thermal equilibrium (LTE) and local chemical equilibrium (LCE). Taking Debye–Hückel corrections into account, the chemical equilibrium composition and thermodynamic properties of these two plasma systems are derived using the mass action law and classical statistical thermodynamics respectively. The transport coefficients, including viscosity, conductivity, and thermal conductivity, are calculated using the Chapman–Enskog (C–E) method extended to a third-order approximation (second-order for viscosity and heavy particle translational thermal conductivity). Some of the results have been compared with those of other researchers, and there is a good level of agreement. The slight difference arises from the selection of interaction potential. The final calculation reveals that the introduction of silicon vapor significantly alters the thermodynamic properties and transport coefficients of

Ar

/

N
2

–

H
2

–

Si

plasma, even at a small concentration of silicon vapor (1%), the effect on the electrical conductivity cannot be ignored. Furthermore, our calculation results provide the fundamental data for numerical simulations of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) for the synthesis of silicon nanoparticles and silicon composites.