bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potenzielle Arzneimittelwechsel‐wirkungen und unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkungen bei stationären dermatologischen Patienten
Authors: Koch Lukas , Kränke Birger , Aberer Werner 
Published: November 2016

ZusammenfassungZieleInformationen zur Häufigkeit von Arzneimittelwechselwirkungen und unerwünschten Arzneimittelwirkungen zu präsentieren und Hilfestellung zu leisten, wie diese wichtigen Probleme in der pharmakologischen Behandlung stationärer dermatologischer Patienten minimiert werden können.Patienten und MethodenDie Medikation von 1 099 stationären dermatologischen Patienten wurde retrospektiv mittels einer Internet‐basierten Software für Medikamenteninteraktionen (Diagnosia® Check) auf Arzneimittelwechselwirkungen und unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkungen analysiert.ErgebnisseWir beschreiben eine Gesamthäufigkeit relevanter Arzneimittelwechselwirkungen von 51,7 % mit durchschnittlich 3,2 Interaktionen pro betroffenem stationären Patienten. Arzneimittelkombinationen, die gemieden werden sollten, wurden bei 5,7 % der Studienpopulation festgestellt. Der wichtigste Risikofaktor war die Gesamtzahl der verabreichten Medikamente. Die Arzneimittelgruppen, die bei der Mehrzahl der Wechselwirkungen beteiligt waren, waren Analgetika, Herz‐Kreislauf‐Medikamente und gerinnungshemmende Medikamente sowie Antidepressiva. Das Risiko unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkungen auszubilden wurde bei 53,1 % der stationären Patienten als „hoch“ eingestuft. Die fünf wichtigsten unerwünschten Nebenwirkungen in dieser Patientengruppe waren Blutungen, Obstipation, anticholinerge Effekte, Sedierung und orthostatische Effekte.SchlussfolgerungenPotenzielle Arzneimittelwechselwirkungen sowie unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkungen sind bei stationären dermatologischen Patienten alarmierend häufig. Bei jedem zweiten Patienten besteht die Gefahr, derartige Wechselwirkungen oder unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen zu erleiden und jeder zwanzigste Patient erhält eine Arzneimittelkombination, die nicht verabreicht werden sollte. Erhöhte Wachsamkeit ist erforderlich, um die gefährdeten Patienten zu erkennen.
Nagelbefall kann bei Patienten mit Psoriasis auf eine Enthesiopathie hinweisen
Authors: Castellanos‐González Maria , Joven Beatriz Esther , Sánchez Julio , Andrés‐Esteban Eva María , Vanaclocha‐Sebastián Francisco , Romero Pablo Ortiz , Díaz Raquel Rivera 
Published: November 2016

ZusammenfassungHintergrundObwohl subklinische Enthesiopathie ein gut etabliertes diagnostisches Merkmal der Psoriasisarthritis (PsA) ist, wird sie häufig übersehen, da viele Patienten asymptomatisch sind. Gäbe es klinische Hinweise auf das Vorliegen einer Enthesiopathie, würde dies den Klinikern die Möglichkeit eröffnen, eine PsA frühzeitig zu diagnostizieren.Material und MethodenEs wurde eine monozentrische prospektive Studie mit insgesamt 90 Psoriasis‐Patienten durchgeführt, um mittels Ultraschall das Vorliegen von Enthesenanomalien zu untersuchen und eine Korrelation mit dem Befall der Nägel festzustellen.ErgebnisseEnthesenanomalien wurden bei 23 Patienten (25,5 %) gefunden, von denen 19 (82,6 %) Nagelbefall aufwiesen. Bei 4 Patienten waren die Nägel nicht betroffen. Enthesiopathie lag bei 31,1 % (19/61) der Patienten mit Onychopathie vor, von den Patienten ohne Nagelbefall litten nur 13,8 % (4/29) an Enthesiopathie (p = 0,07). Zwischen dem Target‐NAPSI‐Score und dem Vorliegen einer Enthesiopathie bestand eine signifikante Korrelation. Eine signifikante Korrelation bestand darüber hinaus auch zwischen dem Vorliegen einer Enthesiopathie und der Anzahl der betroffenen Nägel (p = 0,035).SchlussfolgerungenKlinische Belege für eine Onychopathie können der Schlüssel für die frühe Diagnose einer Enthesiopathie bei Psoriasis‐Patienten sein.
Compression therapy in patients with venous leg ulcers
Authors: Dissemond Joachim , Assenheimer Bernd , Bültemann Anke , Gerber Veronika , Gretener Silvia , Kohler‐von Siebenthal Elisabeth , Koller Sonja , Kröger Knut , Kurz Peter , Läuchli Severin , Münter Christian , Panfil Eva‐Maria , Probst Sebastian , Protz Kerstin , Riepe Gunnar , Strohal Robert , Traber Jürg , Partsch Hugo 
Published: November 2016

SummaryWund‐D.A.CH. is the umbrella organization of the various wound care societies in German‐speaking countries. The present consensus paper on practical aspects pertinent to compression therapy in patients with venous leg ulcers was developed by experts from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland.In Europe, venous leg ulcers rank among the most common causes of chronic wounds. Apart from conservative and interventional wound and vein treatment, compression therapy represents the basis of all other therapeutic strategies. To that end, there are currently a wide variety of materials and systems available. While especially short‐stretch bandages or multicomponent systems should be used in the initial decongestion phase, ulcer stocking systems are recommended for the subsequent maintenance phase. Another – to date, far less common – alternative are adaptive Velcro bandage systems. Medical compression stockings have proven particularly beneficial in the prevention of ulcer recurrence. The large number of treatment options currently available enables therapists to develop therapeutic concepts geared towards their patients’ individual needs and abilities, thus resulting in good acceptance and adherence.Compression therapy plays a crucial role in the treatment of patients with venous leg ulcers. In recent years, a number of different treatment options have become available, their use and application differing among German‐speaking countries. The present expert consensus is therefore meant to outline concrete recommendations for routine implementation of compression therapy in patients with venous leg ulcers.
Endoscopic ultrasonography‐guided biopsy using a Franseen needle design: Initial assessment
Authors: Bang Ji Young , Hebert‐Magee Shantel , Hasan Muhammad K. , Navaneethan Udayakumar , Hawes Robert , Varadarajulu Shyam 
Published: November 2016

Background and AimRecently, a 22‐gauge (G) needle with a Franseen tip design was developed for endoscopic ultrasonography‐guided fine‐needle biopsy (EUS‐FNB). The present study evaluated the performance of the Franseen biopsy needle in EUS‐guided tissue acquisition.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of patients who underwent EUS‐FNB using the Franseen needle. Lesions were sampled using either the Franseen needle only or after failed diagnostic fine‐needle aspiration (FNA). After rapid onsite evaluation (ROSE), two dedicated passes were carried out for histological assessment using the cell block technique. Main outcomes were: (i) rates of diagnostic adequacy for ROSE and histological diagnosis; and (ii) quality of histology as determined by total tissue area and tumor percentage in tissue.ResultsThirty patients underwent EUS‐FNB of pancreatic or other masses over a 3‐month period. Twenty‐four lesions were sampled using the Franseen needle only and six after failed diagnostic FNA. Final diagnosis was pancreatic cancer in 12, gastrointestinal stromal cell tumor in five, other tumors in four and benign disease in nine. Diagnostic adequacy for ROSE was 96.6% and histological diagnosis was established in 96.7% of patients. Median tissue area was 2.9 mm2 (IQR = 0.68–8.71 mm2) and median tumor percentage in tissue was 73.9% (IQR = 44–97.6). Rates of technical success and adverse events were 96.7 and 3.3%, respectively.ConclusionPreliminary data suggest that the Franseen needle yields diagnostic material for ROSE and histology in >95% of patients.
Using fine‐scale spatial genetics of Norway rats to improve control efforts and reduce leptospirosis risk in urban slum environments
Authors: Richardson Jonathan L. , Burak Mary K. , Hernandez Christian , Shirvell James M. , Mariani Carol , Carvalho‐Pereira Ticiana S. A. , Pertile Arsinoê C. , Panti‐May Jesus A. , Pedra Gabriel G. , Serrano Soledad , Taylor Josh , Carvalho Mayara , Rodrigues Gorete , Costa Federico , Childs James E. , Ko Albert I. , Caccone Adalgisa 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) is a key pest species globally and responsible for seasonal outbreaks of the zoonotic bacterial disease leptospirosis in the tropics. The city of Salvador, Brazil, has seen recent and dramatic increases in human population residing in slums, where conditions foster high rat density and increasing leptospirosis infection rates. Intervention campaigns have been used to drastically reduce rat numbers. In planning these interventions, it is important to define the eradication units ‐ the spatial scale at which rats constitute continuous populations and from where rats are likely recolonizing, post‐intervention. To provide this information, we applied spatial genetic analyses to 706 rats collected across Salvador and genotyped at 16 microsatellite loci. We performed spatially explicit analyses and estimated migration levels to identify distinct genetic units and landscape features associated with genetic divergence at different spatial scales, ranging from valleys within a slum community to city‐wide analyses. Clear genetic breaks exist between rats not only across Salvador but also between valleys of slums separated by <100 m—well within the dispersal capacity of rats. The genetic data indicate that valleys may be considered separate units and identified high‐traffic roads as strong impediments to rat movement. Migration data suggest that most (71–90%) movement is contained within valleys, with no clear source population contributing to migrant rats. We use these data to recommend eradication units and discuss the importance of carrying out individual‐based analyses at different spatial scales in urban landscapes.
Trade‐offs in transitions between indigenous and commercial fishing sectors: the Torres Strait tropical rock lobster fishery
Authors: Hutton T. , van Putten E.I. , Pascoe S.D. , Deng R.A. , Plagányi É.E. , Dennis D. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA bio‐economic model was developed to evaluate aspects of proposed quota‐based constraints vs the current effort control regulations for the tropical rock lobster, Panulirus ornatus, Fabricius, fishery in the Torres Strait (Australia/Papua New Guinea). The analysis integrates across biological, economic and social considerations. Model performance indicators have been chosen to reflect higher level policy objectives. The model simulation results indicate important trade‐offs. There is lower overall fleet total profit (across all the subfleets), lower fishery total value added and lower total employment if the fishery is quota‐constrained. This is due to an assumed rationalisation driven by incentives and current utilisation of capacity. The simulated re‐allocation of quota from the commercial non‐indigenous fleet allowing for greater potential indigenous fisher participation results in predicted increases in indigenous employment and would meet social objectives; however, due to limited capacity in the indigenous fleet, the simulated predicted lower catches led to lower total fishery profits and decreased total fishery value added within the supply chain. Investment in capacity could potentially offset this result.
When is a fisher (not) a fisher? Factors that influence the decision to report fishing as an occupation in rural Cambodia
Authors: Nasielski J. , Kc K. B. , Johnstone G. , Baran E. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn the developing world, the majority of people who fish in inland areas do so primarily for subsistence needs. This suggests that survey or census questionnaires which collect information concerning the occupations of respondents will underreport the number of people who fish, and corollary to this, misrepresent dependence on fishing as a support service for food and supplemental income. This study uses the results of a household survey conducted in 37 villages across Cambodia to quantify the amount of fishing that is done by inland fishers who do not report fishing as a primary or secondary occupation. The study also identifies the household characteristics which influence the decision of an individual who fishes to report fishing as an occupation. Fifty‐eight percent of households whose members engaged in fishing activities did not report fishing as an occupation. Individuals whose household owned farmland, earned off‐farm income and fished primarily for subsistence needs were significantly less likely to report fishing as an occupation. When assessing the importance of fishing to inland rural communities for the purposes of rural planning and policy development, relying solely on census‐style occupation or employment data will misrepresent the contributions of subsistence fishing to household welfare.
High antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori and its effect on tailored and empiric eradication of the organism in Lower Silesia, Poland
Authors: Ferenc Stanisław , Gnus Jan , Kościelna Magdalena , Kinda Małgorzata , Yarka Andriy , Stewart Luke , Witkiewicz Wojciech 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundAt present, the resistance to antibiotics is considered the most important reason for Helicobacter pylori (HP) eradication failure. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance of HP strains and to evaluate tailored and empiric therapeutic regimens in patients with peptic ulcer disease associated with infection of this microorganism.Materials and MethodsBetween May 2011 and February 2013, 185 consecutive Polish patients with at least one positive Helicobacter pylori test (urease test, histopathologic examination, and/or culture) underwent eradication therapy. Those with positive culture were prescribed a tailored triple regimen, whereas those with no culture available received an empiric quadruple concomitant regimen or levofloxacin—containing triple therapy.ResultsThere were no HP strains resistant to amoxicillin; however, 56.7% were resistant to metronidazole, 55.2% to clarithromycin, and 5.9% to levofloxacin. Dual resistance was detected in 32.8% of individuals. Tailored and empiric therapies achieve cure rates, respectively, 95.5% and 86.6% by intention‐to‐treat and 95.5% and 91.3% by per‐protocol analysis (P > 0.05).ConclusionsAntibiotic resistance is notably high in Poland currently, but both tailored and empiric therapies can achieve acceptable cure rates equal to or higher than 90%.
People, processes, and systems: An observational study of the role of technology in rural youth mental health services
Authors: Orlowski Simone , Lawn Sharon , Matthews Ben , Venning Anthony , Jones Gabrielle , Winsall Megan , Antezana Gaston , Bidargaddi Niranjan , Musiat Peter 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe merits of technology‐based mental health service reform have been widely debated among academics, practitioners, and policy makers. The design of new technologies must first be predicated on a detailed appreciation of how the mental health system works before it can be improved or changed through the introduction of new products and services. Further work is required to better understand the nature of face‐to‐face mental health work and to translate this knowledge to computer scientists and system designers responsible for creating technology‐based solutions. Intensive observation of day‐to‐day work within two rural youth mental health services in South Australia, Australia, was undertaken to understand how technology could be designed and implemented to enhance young people's engagement with services and improve their experience of help seeking. Data were analysed through a lens of complexity theory. Results highlight the variety of professional roles and services that can comprise the mental health system. The level of interconnectedness evident in the system contrasted with high levels of service self‐organization and disjointed information flow. A mental health professional's work was guided by two main constructs: risk and engagement. Most clients presented with a profile of disability, disadvantage, and isolation, so complex client presentations and decision‐making were core practices. Clients (and frequently, their families) engaged with services in a crisis‐dependent manner, characterized by multiple disengagements and re‐engagements over time. While significant opportunities exist to integrate technology into existing youth mental health services, technologies for this space must be usable for a broad range of medical, psychological and cognitive disability, social disadvantage, and accommodate repeat cycles of engagement/disengagement over time.
The effectiveness of the COPE healthy lifestyles TEEN program: a school‐based intervention in middle school adolescents with 12‐month follow‐up
Authors: Ardic Aysun , Erdogan Semra 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAimThe goal of this study is to assess the applicability and long‐term effectiveness of the T‐COPE Healthy TEEN program on adolescent health.BackgroundObesity and mental health disorders are major public health problems in adolescents. In this context, including long‐term and multiple behavioural obesity prevention programs are becoming increasingly important.DesignA quasi‐experimental design with pre‐test/post‐test control group and repeated measurements.MethodsEighty‐seven (45 in intervention group, 42 in control group) adolescents were included from two different middle schools in the intervention program. The data were analysed by using descriptive statistics, Pearson chi‐square, Fisher's exact test, Student‐t test, repeated measures of variance analysis and Cohen's d effect size.ResultsNo significant difference was found between the intervention and control groups in terms of descriptive characteristics, behavioural and cognitive variables of the adolescents. Following the intervention, the adolescents in intervention groups showed improvements in nutritional behaviour, physical activity and stress management. These improvements concerned increased physical walking measured in the number of physical steps per week daily fruit and vegetable consumption and the daily quantity of water ingested. While their nutrition/physical activity knowledge significantly increased, their weight and anxiety symptoms significantly decreased. The effect of the program on body mass index, depression and health beliefs of the adolescents were not significant compared with the control group.ConclusionThe applicability of the T‐COPE Healthy TEEN program on Turkish adolescents and its effectiveness on their health behaviours, nutrition and physical activity knowledge and stress management were revealed in this study.
Effectiveness of supporting intensive care units on implementing the guideline ‘End‐of‐life care in the intensive care unit, nursing care’: a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Noome Marijke , Dijkstra Boukje M. , van Leeuwen Evert , Vloet Lilian C.M. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of supporting intensive care units on implementing the guidelines.BackgroundQuality of care can be achieved through evidence‐based practice. Guidelines can facilitate evidence‐based practice, such as the guidelines ‘End‐of‐life care in the intensive care unit, nursing care’. Before intensive care nurses are able to use these guidelines, they needs to be implemented in clinical practice. Implementation is a complex process and may need support.DesignCluster randomized controlled trial.MethodsIntensive care nurses of eight intensive care units in the intervention group followed a supportive programme that educated them on implementation, strategies, goals, project management and leadership. The intervention group focused on a stepwise approach to implement the guidelines. The control group (n = 5) implemented the guidelines independently or used the standard implementation plan supplementary to the guideline. The effectiveness of the programme was measured using questionnaires for nurses, interviews with nurses and a questionnaire for family of deceased patients, in the period from December 2014–December 2015.ResultsOverall, an increase in adherence to the guidelines was found in both groups. Overall, use of the guidelines in the intervention group was higher, but on some aspects the control group showed a higher score. Care for the patient and the overall nursing care scored significantly higher according to family in the intervention group.ConclusionThe increase in adherence to the guidelines and the significantly higher satisfaction of family in the intervention group indicate that the supportive programme had a more positive effect.
Maternal Sensitivity in Mothers with Mild Intellectual Disabilities is Related to Experiences of Maltreatment and Predictive of Child Attachment: A Matched‐Comparison Study
Authors: Lindberg Lene , Fransson Mari , Forslund Tommie , Springer Lydia , Granqvist Pehr 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundScientific knowledge on the quality of caregiving/maternal sensitivity among mothers with mild intellectual disabilities (ID) is limited and subject to many methodological shortcomings, but seems to suggest that these mothers are less sensitive than mothers without intellectual disabilities.MethodsIn this matched‐comparison study (N = 48), the present authors observed maternal sensitivity for 20 min in four different laboratory play situations. The study also included semi‐structured interviews to assess maternal experiences of maltreatment and child attachment.ResultsThe present authors found significantly lower sensitivity among mothers with intellectual disabilities than among a comparison group of mothers without intellectual disabilities. Among mothers with intellectual disabilities, low sensitivity was related to maternal experiences of maltreatment and predictive of disorganized child attachment. In the comparison group, high maternal sensitivity was related to partner presence and social support, and predictive of child intelligence.ConclusionsThe present authors highlight the importance of attending to intellectual disabilities mothers' history of receiving care to understand their capacity for giving adequate care.
Parents with Intellectual Disabilities Experiencing Challenging Child Routines: A Pilot Study Using Embedded Self‐Determination Practices
Authors: Knowles Christen , Blakely Allison , Hansen Sarah , Machalicek Wendy 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundPractices to facilitate self‐determination have not received appropriate attention in research concerning parents with intellectual disabilities (ID). Likewise, parenting interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities have seldom observed both parent and child behavioural outcomes.MethodsThis study evaluated the effectiveness of a parenting intervention embedded with self‐determination facilitation practices for two dyads of a parent with intellectual disabilities and their young child. The interventions focused on increasing parents’ ability to correctly implement steps of a parenting routine while reducing occurrence of challenging child behaviour.ResultsThe results of the study demonstrated two basic effects of correctly completed steps of the parenting routine and a reduction of challenging child behaviour. Parents also reported decreased feelings of stress during the routine following completion of the intervention.ConclusionsImplications for future research and replication of this pilot study are discussed.