bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stochastic Optimization Models for Transferring Delay Along Flight Trajectories to Reduce Fuel Usage
Authors: Jones James C. , Lovell David J. , Ball Michael O. 
Published: February 2017

In a typical aviation environment today, the precise landing times of en route aircraft are not set until each aircraft approaches the airspace adjacent to the destination airport. In times of congestion, it is not unusual for air traffic controllers to subject arriving aircraft to various maneuvers so as to create an orderly flow of aircraft onto an arrival runway. Typical maneuvers might include flying in zigzag patterns and flying in circular holding patterns, as well as others. These maneuvers serve to delay the arrival time of the flight. On the other hand, if the arrival time was established much earlier, then that delay could be realized by having the aircraft fly slower while still at a higher altitude, which would burn much less fuel than the described maneuvers. Three integer programming models are proposed to assign delay to aircraft approaching a single airport, well in advance of each aircraft’s entry into the terminal airspace. The baseline model is deterministic and seeks to maximize the available throughput at the runway over a rolling horizon. The latter two models are stochastic and account for uncertainty regarding the status and controllability of certain flights. The first stochastic model is scenario based, while the second relies on a functional approximation of uncertainty. The results of computational experiments show that these approaches can transfer a considerable portion of the delay that would otherwise occur in the terminal area to the en route phase of flight, and also that the stochastic models are noticeably more effective. The model relying on functional approximation shows particular promise because of its efficient run time. The delay transfer yielded by each model resulted in significant predicted fuel savings. The functional approximation model performed particularly well under declining operational conditions, demonstrating itself to be a promising means of achieving delay transfer. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2016.0689 .
Correction of lower limb deformities in children with renal osteodystrophy by guided growth technique
Authors: Gigante C. , Borgo A. , Corradin M. 
Published: February 2017

Purpose Renal osteodystrophy (ROD) may cause severe lower limb deformities in children. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the temporary hemiepiphysiodesis for the correction of lower limb deformities in children with ROD. Methods Guided growth correction by hemiepiphysiodesis has been performed in skeletally immature patients with deformities of the lower limbs caused by ROD. The correction of the mechanical axes of the lower limbs and its correction speed have been evaluated. Results A total of seven patients with ROD, five males and two females, were treated with the above technique. The average age of the patients at their first surgery was 7.8 years (2.9 to 13.6). The average follow-up time 5.2 years (2.3 to 8). There were 13 valgus deformities and one varus deformity of the knee. The measure of the lower limb angular deformity was in the range of 10° to 47°. Restoration of normal mechanical axis was achieved in all patients at the final follow-up. Three patients relapsed and required further hemiepiphysiodesis. The average time for correction was 20 months (7 to 30). The average speed of correction was 0.49° per month for a tibia and 1.73° per month for a femur. There were two minor complications: a screw mobilisation and a screw breakage occurred during removal. Conclusion Guided growth technique by hemiepiphysiodesis is a mini-invasive surgical procedure that has been found to be effective for the correction of misalignment due to ROD in skeletally immature patients. The method has allowed progressive correction of the deformities at any age in childhood. These patients are predisposed to relapse to their deformities, thus a strict follow-up is required.
The tactics and technique of musculoskeletal biopsy
Authors: Exner G. Ulrich , Kurrer Michael O. , Mamisch-Saupe Nadja , Cannon Stephen R. 
Published: February 2017

The treatment of musculoskeletal neoplasms and infection is usually based on an initial diagnostic biopsy. Prior to biopsy, a hypothesis should be formed about the most likely diagnosis and a differential diagnosis. These deliberations should consider whether the lesion is a primary benign or malignant tumour, a metastasis, a haematological problem or an infection. A tactical plan should be developed which evaluates the necessity, the risk, the approach and finally defines the technique of biopsy most likely to achieve a representative result in the clinical case. In developing this technical approach, the pitfalls should be anticipated, i.e. inadequate sampling, difficulty of pathological interpretation and contamination. The tactical approach should be developed in conjunction with a multi-disciplinary team together with appropriate pre-biopsy imaging. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2:51–57. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160065
Active Use of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) and Personal Health Records (PHRs)
for Epidemiologic Research: Sample Representativeness and Nonresponse Bias in a Study of
Women During Pregnancy
Authors: Bower Julie K. , Bollinger Claire E. , Foraker Randi E. , Hood Darryl B. , Shoben Abigail B. , Lai Albert M. 
Published: February 2017

Introduction: With the growing use of electronic medical records, electronic
health records (EHRs), and personal health records (PHRs) for health care delivery, new
opportunities have arisen for population health researchers. Our objective was to
characterize PHR users and examine sample representativeness and nonresponse bias in a
study of pregnant women recruited via the PHR.Design: Demographic characteristics were
examined for PHR users and nonusers. Enrolled study participants (responders, n=187)
were then compared with nonresponders and a representative sample of the target
population.Results: PHR patient portal users (34 percent of eligible persons) were older
and more likely to be White, have private health insurance, and develop gestational
diabetes than nonusers. Of eligible persons (all PHR users), 11 percent (187/1,713)
completed a self-administered PHR‑based questionnaire. Participants in the research
study were more likely to be non-Hispanic White (90 percent versus 79 percent) and
married (85 percent versus 77 percent), and were less likely to be Non-Hispanic Black (3
percent versus 12 percent) or Hispanic (3 percent versus 6 percent). Responders and
nonresponders were similar regarding age distribution, employment status, and health
insurance status. Demographic characteristics were similar between responders and
nonresponders.Discussion: Demographic characteristics of the study population differed
from the general population, consistent with patterns seen in traditional
population-based studies. The PHR may be an efficient method for recruiting and
conducting observational research with additional benefits of efficiency and
cost-effectiveness.
Ice-Bentonite Powder Mixing Method to Improve the Homogeneity of Compacted Bentonite in An Initial Sample Preparation Stage
Authors: Peng Yu , Zhang Huyuan , Yang Bingzhuo , Wang Xuewen , Shao Xianxian , Liu Ping 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBentonite is considered as an ideal buffer/backfill material for preparing an engineering barrier for high-level radioactive waste (HLW) disposal. During initial sample preparation, the tendency of wet bentonite powder to gather into large agglomerates and the water to be spread unevenly in the traditional water content adjustment process decreases the homogeneity of compacted bentonite. The main purpose of this study was to solve this problem by applying a new wetting method, which mixes ice powder with bentonite powder (the ice-bentonite mixing method). This new method was used to adjust the water distribution in Gaomiaozi County, China (GMZ) bentonite powder and was compared to the traditional spray method. The screening method was used to separate macro-agglomerates (≥ 0.25 mm) from the water and bentonite mixture. The properties, the content of the various size agglomerates in loose mixtures, and the heterogeneity defects observed in compacted bentonite were compared. An index (P) was defined to quantitatively evaluate the water distribution in a loose bentonite/water mixture. Macro-agglomerates in loose mixtures produced heterogeneities in water content, density, and shrinkage. By using the ice-bentonite mixing method, fewer macro-agglomerates were formed and a homogeneous distribution of water was produced in the compacted bentonite. A homogeneous water distribution had the tendency to decrease the number of shrinkage cracks after the drying process and to maintain high mechanical strength in the compacted bentonite. Although the production of ice powder was laborious, the ice-bentonite mixing method has workability advantages: (i) a high mixing efficiency, (ii) a low mass loss rate, and (iii) a small deviation between measured water content and target water content. The low thawing efficiency of ice-bentonite mixtures can be solved by using a microwave-assisted thawing method. This research can improve the sample preparation method used to produce compacted buffer/backfill materials for HLW disposal.
Effects of Various Warm-Up Protocol on Special Judo Fitness Test Performance
Authors: Lum Danny 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Lum, D. Effects of various warm-up protocol on special judo fitness test performance. J Strength Cond Res 33(2): 459–465, 2019—The purposed of this study was to compare the effects of postactivation potentiation (PAP) on Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) performance using explosive exercises that activates upper and lower limbs muscles. Eleven male judo athletes (mean ± SD, age, 16–29 years; height, 170 ± 7 cm; body mass, 73 ± 16 kg) attended 4 separate sessions. The first session was used to familiarize the subjects to the experimental procedure, the SJFT, the high pull test (HPT), and the 2 explosive exercises including resistance band pull and standing broad jump. Subsequently, subjects were randomly assigned in a counterbalanced manner to either perform the upper and lower body (ULB) PAP, lower body (LB) PAP or usual competition (CON) warm-up routine before performing the HPT and SJFT. The following variables were quantified: throws performed during series A, B, and C; total number of throws; heart rate immediately and 1 minute after the test; test index; peak power; and RPE after warm-up. During series 1, number of throws performed in LB and ULB were significantly greater than CON (p ≤ 0.05). Only ULB resulted in significantly greater number of total throws (p < 0.01) and higher peak power (p < 0.01) than CON. The RPE for both LB and ULB were significantly lower than CON (p < 0.01). Peak power was moderately correlated to total number of throws performed (r = 0.4, p ≤ 0.05). This study suggest that performing ULB before SJFT can result in improved performance and peak power.
The Basolateral Amygdalae and Frontotemporal Network Functions for Threat Perception
Authors: Hortensius Ruud , Terburg David , Morgan Barak , Stein Dan J. , van Honk Jack , de Gelder Beatrice 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAlthough the amygdalae play a central role in threat perception and reactions, the direct contributions of the amygdalae to specific aspects of threat perception, from ambiguity resolution to reflexive or deliberate action, remain ill understood in humans. Animal studies show that a detailed understanding requires a focus on the different subnuclei, which is not yet achieved in human research. Given the limits of human imaging methods, the crucial contribution needs to come from individuals with exclusive and selective amygdalae lesions. The current study investigated the role of the basolateral amygdalae and their connection with associated frontal and temporal networks in the automatic perception of threat. Functional activation and connectivity of five individuals with Urbach–Wiethe disease with focal basolateral amygdalae damage and 12 matched controls were measured with functional MRI while they attended to the facial expression of a threatening face–body compound stimuli. Basolateral amygdalae damage was associated with decreased activation in the temporal pole but increased activity in the ventral and dorsal medial prefrontal and medial orbitofrontal cortex. This dissociation between the prefrontal and temporal networks was also present in the connectivity maps. Our results contribute to a dynamic, multirole, subnuclei-based perspective on the involvement of the amygdalae in fear perception. Damage to the basolateral amygdalae decreases activity in the temporal network while increasing activity in the frontal network, thereby potentially triggering a switch from resolving ambiguity to dysfunctional threat signaling and regulation, resulting in hypersensitivity to threat.
Association of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and type 1 diabetes susceptibility in children: a meta-analysis
Authors: Sahin Ozlem Atan , Goksen Damla , Ozpinar Aysel , Serdar Muhittin , Onay Huseyin 
Published: February 2017

Background
There have been studies focused on FokI, BsmI, ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus with controversial results.

Methods
This present study is a meta-analysis investigating the association between FokI, ApaI, TaqI and BsmI polymorphisms of VDR gene and type 1 DM in children. A literature search was performed using Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane and PubMed. Any study was considered eligible for inclusion if at least one of FokI, ApaI, TaqI and BsmI polymorphisms was determined, and outcome was type 1 DM at pediatric age.

Results
A total of 9 studies comprising 1053 patients and 1017 controls met the study inclusion criteria. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) of the FokI, ApaI, TaqI and BsmI polymorphisms were combined and calculated. Forest plots and funnel plots of the OR value distributions were drawn. Our meta-analysis has demonstrated statistically significant associations between DM1 and VDR genotypes, BsmIBB (P < 0.05), BsmIBb, (P < 0.05), BsmIbb (P < 0.05), TaqITT (P < 0.05) and TaqItt (P < 0.05) in children.

Conclusion
The results indicated that BsmIBB, BsmIBb and TaqItt polymorphisms were associated with an increased risk of type 1 DM, whereas BsmIbb and TaqITT had protective effect for type 1 DM in children.
¿Etnografía o Historia para el Presente? Cómo estudiar las comunidades Hispano-mexicanas en nuevo México
Authors: Rojo Danna A. Levin 
Published: February 2017

Resumo: este artigo discute os desafios metodológicos que envolvem a análise de comunidades marginalizadas no interior dos contextos multiétnicos tipicamente derivados de processos de colonização e conquista. Propõe uma aproximação transdisciplinar que combina a história, a etnografia e a sociologia, complementadas com o estudo dos sistemas jurídicos em que tais comunidades têm estado imersas. Para isso, utiliza como exemplo o caso das comunidades hispano-mexicanas do Novo México, cuja origem está no passado colonial do México e
que foram integradas aos Estados Unidos da América no fim da guerra entre os dois países, entre 1846 e 1848 quando, em virtude do Tratado de Guadalupe Hidalgo, México cedeu a metade setentrional de seu território a seu vitorioso vizinho. Palavras-chave: Hispano-Mexicano. Marginalização. Propriedade. Transdisciplinaridade. Estados Unidos da América.
Territorio e Mobilidade Mura no Baixo Rio Madeira (AM)
Authors: Pereira Márcia Leila De Castro 
Published: February 2017

Resumo: este trabalho visa apresentar algumas das possíveis acepções da territorialidade Mura no Delta dos Autazes, Baixo Rio Madeira/AM. Os Mura têm por praxe inscrever seus deslocamentos pelo espaço, e nesses movimentos, tornam visível suas regiões de apropriação
(que não são totalmente imprevisíveis). Fazem, com isso, uma ressignificação do modo de habitar o lugar, e marcam, no percorrer, um itinerário em que se reconhecem.
Palavras-chave: Índios Mura. Mobilidade. Território. Lugar.
SKALA USAHA DAN PELATIHAN AKUNTANSI SYARIAH TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DI BMT SE- KARESIDENAN PATI
Authors: Rahman Aulia , Kasdi Abdurrahman 
Published: February 2017

<p><em>This study aimed to examine the effect of education managers, company lifespan, scale effort, sharia accounting training on the use of accounting information systems at BMT in ex-Pati residency. This was field research with survey through questionnaires. Samples of this study were the manager of BMT both headquarters and branch offices which actively operate in ex-Pati residency totaling 114 respondents using purposive sampling method. The results showed that managers education influences the use of accounting information systems based on the coeffecience of total effect 0.12. The company lifespan influences the use of accounting information systems based on the coefficience of total effect 0.19. The business scale influences the use of accounting information systems based on the coefficience of total effect 0.20. And sharia accounting training affects the use of accounting information systems based on the coefficience of total effect 0.35.</em></p><p><br /><strong></strong></p>
Analisis Agribisnis Ayam Buras Melalui Pendekatan Fungsi Keuntungan Multi Output Kasus Jawa Timur
Authors: Sajuti Rosmiyati 
Published: February 2017

<strong>ABSTRAK</strong><br /><br />Indonesia mempunyai populasi ayam buras yang diperkirakan 250 juta ekor, yang sebagian besar tidak dikelola sebagai suatu agribisnis. Namun demikian ternak ayam buras ini sangat lambat berkembang menjadi industri agribisnis seperti ayam ras. Ternak ayam buras merupakan sumberdaya ekonomi yang mungkin dapat dikembangkan menjadi agribisnis untuk menampung kesempatan kerja dan sumber pendapatan yang menguntungkan. Pada kenyataannya, pada beberapa daerah sudah terdapat peternak­ peternak yang mengusahakan ayam buras secara intensif. Pertanyaan kunci dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah pemeliharaan ayam buras secara intensif menguntungkan dan seberapa jauh keterpaduan sistem agribisnis dalam pengusahaan tersebut Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari masalah agribisnis ayam buras dengan titik fokus permasalahan pada faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat keuntungan agribisnis ayam buras. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan fungsi regresi Keuntungan Multi Ouput. Pemilihan peternak sebagai responden dilakukan secara acak sederhana. Penelitian dilakukan di Jawa Timur dengan sampel peternak sebanyak 95 orang. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan tingkat keuntungan agribinis ayam buras sistem pemeliharaan intensif lebih tinggi dibandingkan sistem pemeliharaan semi intensif. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat keuntungan agribisnis ayam buras adalah harga telur, harga daging, harga bibit, harga pakan, investasi petelur dan investasi pedaging masing-masing dengan nilai koefisien -1,2344, 0,3413, -0,0470, -0,0529, 1,6563, dan 0,9735. Rekomendasi yang dapat diberikan adalah agrisbinis ayam buras dapat disarankan sebagai satu usaha yang menguntungkan. Perubahan-perubahan yang perlu dilakukan adalah peternak harus memilih tujuan usaha antara telur dan daging secara terpisah, meningkatkan skala usaha dan terintegrasi.
Elastisitas Pendapatan dari Permintaan Beras Penduduk Indonesia
Authors: Kuntjoro Sri Utami 
Published: February 2017

<strong>Abstrak</strong><br /><br />Penelitian Houthakker menunjukkan bahwa di negara-negara yang pengeluaran totalnya rendah, permintaan bahan pangan kurang elastik terhadap pengeluaran total. Mengingat beras merupakan bahan pangan pokok yang utama bagi penduduk Indonesia, pengetahuan mengenai besarnya elastisitas pendapatan dari permintaan beras dapat digunakan sebagai bahan kebijaksanaan penyediaan beras bagi penduduk. Penelitian menggunakan data Susenas 1978, dan membagi penduduk Indonesia menurut tiga go1ongan berdasarkan konsumsi kalori dan 15 daerah, tujuh Daerah Pedesaan dan delapan Daerah Kota. Model yang digunakan ialah logaritma kuadratik, dengan pengeluaran total sebagai nilai pendekatan dari pendapatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa permintaan beras kurang elastik terhadap perubahan pendapatan. Elastisitas kuantitas permintaan dan elastisitas anggaran belanja terhadap pendapatan bagi penduduk Pedesaan Indonesia golongan Pendapatan Rendah dan sebagian penduduk golongan Pendapatan Sedang dan Tinggi di Pedesaan Luar Jawa lebih besar dari 0.5, sedangkan golongan-golongan lainnya lebih rendah dari 0.5. Elastisitas pendapatan dari permintaan beras penduduk Daerah Pedesaan lebih tinggi daripada penduduk Kota, dan lebih tinggi pendapatan penduduk, lebih rendah elastisitas pendapatan permintaan beras. Elastisitas anggaran belanja beras terhadap pendapatan lebih tinggi daripada elastisitas kuantitas permintaan terhadap pendapatan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kenaikan pendapatan penduduk mengakibatkan peningkatan kuantitas dan kualitas beras yang dikonsumsi. Hasil penelitian yang menunjukkan adanya perbedaan elastisitas permintaan beras di berbagai daerah itu dapat digunakan sebagai bahan kebijaksanaan penyediaan beras, disesuaikan dengan perbaikan taraf hidup dan pertambahan penduduk. Usaha penyediaan beras di berbagai daerah itu memerlukan suatu sistem penyediaan yang intensif, yaitu kelancaran distribusi dari daerah surplus beras ke daerah kekurangan beras.
Sebuah Catatan Tentang Definisi Petani Besar dan Kecil
Authors: Soekartawi Soekartawi 
Published: February 2017

<p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p><br />Artikel ini menyuguhkan ‘cara baru’ bagaimana membuat batasan usahatani ‘besar’ dan ‘kecil’ sebagai usaha untuk memperbaiki ‘cara lama’ (yang biasanya dipakai dengan mendasarkan diri pada batasan nilai tengah atau rata-rata luas usahatani). Model non linear regression di pakai pada cara baru tersebut dan hasilnya ternyata berbeda bila dibandingkan dengan cara lama. Keunggulan cara baru ini adalah mampu di pakai untuk memisahkan usahatani besar dan kecil secara lebih baik berdasarkan masing-masing teknologi yang ada pada kelompok usahatani tersebut dan berdasarkan distribusi luas usahatani yang ada. Sedangkan kelemahan cara baru ini adalah bila paket regresi non-linear belum tersedia di komputer di Indonesia, maka ia tidak dapat dikerjakan. Implikasi dari cara ini adalah pemberian batasan tentang petani atau usahatani besar dan kecil yang keliru akan menghasilkan implikasi kebijaksanaan yang keliru pula.</p>