bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract No.: ABS1363: A comparative evaluation of gastric residual volume using ultrasound in fasting diabetic and non-diabetic adults undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia.
Authors: Rajeswari L 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
Diabetic patients despite standard preoperative fasting may be at an increased risk of aspiration due to gastroparesis. This study aimed to evaluate the gastric residual volume using ultrasound in fasting diabetic and non-diabetic adults undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia.

Methods:
This study was conducted in 30 non-diabetic and 30 diabetics, aged 40 to 80 years, of either gender, BMI <35kg/m2, belonging to American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-III. Pregnant patients, those with history of upper gastrointestinal morbidity or upper abdominal surgery and patients with liver and kidney disease were excluded. Preoperatively, using gastric sonography, antrum was assessed in semi-setting and right lateral decubitus positions. The type of gastric contents (empty, fluid, solid) was noted, and gastric residual volume (GRV) was estimated by measuring antral cross-sectional area (CSA) and using mathematical models. After induction of anaesthesia, orogastric tube was inserted and gastric contents aspirated.

Results:
Diabetic patients had significantly higher mean antral CSA and calculated mean GRV in both right lateral and semi-sitting position (p <0.0001). Gastric antrum appeared empty in significantly greater number of non-diabetic patients as compared to diabetic patients in both right lateral (p <0.0001) and semi-sitting positions (p =0.0002). A higher mean volume of gastric aspirate was also found in the diabetics as compared to the non-diabetics (p <0.0001).

Conclusion:
The current fasting guidelines for elective surgery are not conclusive in patients with long-standing diabetes. Hence, we recommend the use of point-of-care ultrasound as an effective screening tool to assess the aspiration risk and to tailor anaesthetic management.

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Abstract No.: ABS1737: Relationship of Lung Ultra-sound Score with oxygenation and pulmonary mechanics in mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit
Authors: Yadav Ayushi 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:
Lung ultra-sonography is a technique to recognise impaired alveolar air content and increased interstitial and alveolar fluid. The ultra-sound waves reflect lung aeration beyond parietal pleura, indicating underlying lung pathology. This study ascertains the relationship of Lung Ultra-sound Score (LUSS) with oxygenation and dynamic compliance.

Methods:
One hundred and one lung ultra-sounds were performed in 50 patients aged 18–60 years, requiring mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit for at least 24 hours to study the relationship between LUSS and PaO2/FiO2 and pulmonary mechanics. The twelve-region method was used; the number of B lines was counted in each inter-costal space, and the score was awarded. At the same time, ventilator parameters and arterial blood gases were noted. The correlation between variables was evaluated using the Spearman coefficient.

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Results:
LUSS showed a negative correlation with PaO2/FiO2 ratio (R2 = 0.607, p < 0.0001) and lung compliance (R2 = 0.354, p < 0.0001) but a positive linear correlation with lung resistance (R2 = 0.406, p < 0.0001).

Conclusion:
LUSS is an easy and effective bedside tool to measure lung parameters in mechanically ventilated patients, and LUSS correlates significantly with oxygenation, lung compliance, and resistance.
Abstract No.: ABS1770: Cuffed versus uncuffed endotracheal tubes in infants undergoing elective surgery in prone position:peritubal leak at standardised ventilator settings
Authors: Singh Priyanka 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
The purpose of this study was to compare peritubal leak in cuffed and uncuffed tubes in infants at standardised ventilatorsettings. Secondary objective was to see incidence of accidental extubation and postoperative respiratory complications such as stridor and sore throat.

Methods:
With ethics committee approval, a prospective,randomised,clinical study was conducted. Patients aged between birth to 1 year, American Society of Anesthesiologists ASA grade I,II and III, requiring general anaesthesia with orotracheal intubation in prone position during elective surgery were included and children with parents not giving consent,children with airway anomaly, laparoscopic surgery, and emergency surgery were excluded. Tracheal tube size was judged as adequate if the leak pressure was 20 cm H2O or less. Tube was exchanged to next larger size if the leak pressure was too high and tube size was exchanged to next smaller size, when cuff pressure exceeded 20 cm H2O.

Results:
60 infants were studied.In group 1 in which cuffed tube was used, there were no leaks,on the other hand, in group 2,17 out of 30 patients had peritubal leak and tube was exchanged to next larger size uncuffed tube, p value was <0.001. Moreover, the incidenceof accidental extubation, post extubation sore throat and stridor was more in uncuffed group, It was 2/6/6 in uncuffed group and 0/3/4 in cuffed group respectively. Tracheal tube exchange rate was also higher in uncuffed group.

Conclusion:
We found that in microcuff paediatric endotracheal tube, there is less peritubal leak; selection of cuffed tube with small internal diameter compared to uncuffed tubes implicates a higher chance for adequate fit of the tube at cricoid ring and due to this there is least chance of accidental extubation in the prone position.

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Abstract No.: ABS1979: Effects of dexmedetomidine versus fentanyl combined with target controlled infusion of propofol for laproscopic surgery under general anaesthesia
Authors: Panchal Harsh 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
1.The primary objective of the present study wasto compare anaesthetic efficacy of dexmedetomidine versus fentanyl in terms of : Perioperative hemodynamics, Propofol consumption, Requirment of Rescue analgesia and also to compare postoperative analgesia and sedation between the two while the secondary objective was to assess any undesirable side effects if any 2.

Methods:
The present study was a prospective, randomized, double blind study conducted on 60 patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists ASA I&II aged between 20-60 years undergoing elective laproscopic surgeries. Patients were divided in two groups. GroupD received Dexmedetomidine 1mcg/kg loading dose over 10 min, followed by 0.5 µg/kg/hr continous infusion &GroupF received fentanyl 2 µg/kg bolus followed by 0.5 µg/kg/hr by continous infusion. Target controlled infusion (TCI) Propofol infusion was given to achieve target site concentration of 3-4 µg/kg in both groups. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP),systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, percentage saturation of oxygen (Spo2), bispectral index monitoring (BIS) were recorded at induction,intubation, at pneumoperitoneum, 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min, 120 min, 180 min & at extubation.Adverse haemodynamic events were noted.

Results:
Group D showed significant fall in HR, BP whereas it remained constantly high in Group F. Total mean requirement of propofol, in Group D patients was found to be 57.99% lower than GroupF. Requirement of rescue analgesia in form of opioid was significantly less in Group D 18% as compared to 30% in Group F. Post-operative analgesia requirement was earlier in group F. Sedation scores were higher in group D at all time points. Patients had bradycardia and hypotension in Group D. Postoperative nausea vomiting (PONV) was 3 times lower in Group D.

Conclusion:
Dexmedetomidine is better adjuvant compared to fentanyl when combined with target-controlled infusion of propofol. Iteffectively blunts various stress responses during surgery and maintains hemodynamic stability,reducespropofol requirements, provides better analgesia with few side effects.
Abstract No. : ABS2056: To compare time and intraoperative haemodynamic changes of spinal anaesthesia with general anaesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Azmin Ameena 
Published: September 2024

Background &Aims:
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is conventionally performed under general anaesthesia (GA). As with any day care procedure, LC requires an anaesthetic technique which provides rapid recovery and fewer side effects. Neuraxial techniques resulted in decreased morbidity and mortality. Theaimofthestudywasto comparethe time and haemodynamic changes of spinal with GA.

Methods:
Following approval by the institutional ethical committee, registering in CTRI (CTRI/2021/04/032586 ) and after taking patient consent ,a controlled ,prospective, randomised trial of 70 patients with symptomatic gallstone disease and American Society of Anesthesiologists status I or II were operated for LC under spinal (n=35) or GA (n=35)between the academic years 2020 and 2021. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 25.0. Time taken for both groups were compared. Haemodynamic parameters were recorded to find theincidence of hypotension and bradycardia.

Results:
All the procedures were completed by the allocated method of anaesthesia and there were no conversions from spinal to GA. The incidences of hypotension(p=0.742) and bradycardia (P=0.163) were 17% and 11.4% in SA group and 14% and 2.8% in GA group respectively and no significant difference were observed. The total time taken in SA group was significantly less than in GA group; 38.9 ï‚±9.64 versus 46.7ï‚±9.487 respectively (P=0.0011).

Conclusion:
LC done under spinal anaesthesia is safe and less time consuming. Spinal anaesthesia can berecommended as the technique of choice for LC in developing countries where time and cost can be saved.
Abstract No.: ABS2070: Comparative evaluation of intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway (Fastrach) and Blockbuster Laryngeal Mask Airway for blind tracheal intubation in general surgical operations
Authors: Singh Arshdeep 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
Supraglottic devices fill a niche between the facemask and tracheal tube. The aim of this study was to compare the insertion characteristics (ease of insertion), insertion time, number of attempts, haemodynamic changes and complications (if any)following blind tracheal intubation.

Methods:
The comparative study was conducted by dividing 70 patients of age 18-60 years, ASA grade I and II into two groups of 35 patients each who were scheduled for general surgical operations. Group F underwent blind tracheal intubation usingFastrach LMA whereas Group B underwent blind tracheal intubation using Blockbuster LMA. The two groups were thencompared for the efficacy and overall success rate of blind tracheal intubation in patients undergoing surgeries under general anaesthesia.

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Results:
Both devices were inserted in first attempt only. The first time successful ETT insertion following Blockbuster LMA was in 33/35 patients (94.29%) as compared to 26/35 patients (74.29%) of FT LMA. The mean time taken by Group B was13.57Â±3.48 seconds as compared to 18.82Â±5.09 seconds of Group F. The complications (sore throat, dysphagia, dysphonia) were significant for Group F as compared to Group B. The haemodynamic parameters were insignificant for both the groups.

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Conclusion:
Although both supraglottic devices are feasible for blind tracheal intubation, Blockbuster LMA is a better option as it provides higher first pass success rate with less complications like sore throat, dysphagia and dysphonia.
Abstract No. : ABS2330 : Comparison of three different sedative regimens for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures
Authors: Mahesh Parameshwaran 
Published: September 2024

Background &Aims:
Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopic procedures are relatively invasive and unpleasant and need high level of patient co-operation. Aim of our study was to compare three different sedative regimens using propofol, dexmedetomidine and fentanyl-midazolam combination for safer sedation in GI endoscopic procedures.

Methods:
The patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated into three groups of 30 each. Group P patients received propofol 1mg/kg i.v followed by 0.5mg/kg/hr infusion. Group- D received dexmedetomidine1µg/kg i.v. infusion over 10min followed by 0.5µg/kg/hr infusion. Group- FM received fentanyl 1µg/kg and midazolam 20 µg/kg i.v. followed by fentanyl 0.5µg/kg/hr infusion. The endoscopic procedure was started when the patient attained a level of conscious sedation [score of 2-4 on the Observer Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale(OAA/S scale)].The patient’s and endoscopist level of satisfaction was assessed using the 10 - point visual analogue scale

Results:
Demographic data and the duration of the procedure between the three groups were similar and statistically insignificant. The heart rate, mean arterial pressure and oxygen saturation were lower in Group-D and were statistically significant. The onset of sedation was earlier with Group-P. The time to recovery, requirement of additional fentanyl, incidence of gagging, patient and surgeon’s satisfaction scores and maximum OAA/S score were similar in Groups D and P and better than Group-MF.

Conclusion:
I We conclude that dexmedetomidine provides an overall better experience for the patient, endoscopist and anaesthesiologist than propofol and midazolam-fentanyl combination.
Abstract No. : ABS2796: Comparative evaluation of transaortic coeliac plexus rhizolysis with bilateral splanchnic nerve radio frequency ablation in patients of upper gastro-intestinal malignancies with intractable pain : A prospective interventional study.
Authors: Litin Yasum 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:
This study aimed for a comparative evaluation of transaortic coeliac plexus rhizolysis with bilateral splanchnic nerve radio frequency ablation for decrease in visual analogue scale(VAS) score and oral morphine requirements, in patients having upper gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies with intractable pain.

Methods:
Patients were randomly allocated in two group of 30 eackGroup 1 received bilateral splanchnic nerve radio-frequency ablation(SRF group) and group 2 had trans-aortic coeliac plexus rhizolysis (CPR group). Study was conducted over a period of 18 months. Following data were collected:VAS score, oral morphine requirement , adverse effects, and improvement in the quality of life.

Results:
Total of 33 patients (17 in SRF and 16 in CPR group) completed full 6 months follow-up Other patients were followed up until their demise. At the end of 6 months VAS score was reduced to 2.13±1.48 (cm) and 3.28±1.4 (cm) in SRF and CPR groups respectively and mean morphine consumption was 13.4 ± 15.3 mg/day and 26.11 ± 23.5 mg/day in SRF group and CPR group respectively..

Conclusion:
In upper GI cancer patients with severe intractable abdominal pain, interventional approach along with pharmacological management provides better analgesic efficacy . Both the techniques (bilateral splanchnic nerve RFA and trans-aortic coeliac plexus rhizolysis) were effective for the relief of severe intractable abdominal pain in upper GI malignancies.
Abstract No.: ABS2881: Comparison of cardiac indices using two different concentrations of adrenaline wicks during endoscopic trans-sphenoidal pituitary surgery: a prospective randomised observational study
Authors: Gautam Archana 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
Trans-nasal trans-sphenoidal approach is preferred for surgical excision of pituitary tumours. Adrenaline is a generally usedvasoconstrictor for instillation or infiltration to decrease bleeding and improve the operative field quality. We aimed to compare the cardiac indices (Flotrac guided) and hemodynamic parameters while using two different doses of adrenaline for instillation

Methods:
60 ASA I/II patients, aged 18-65 years, undergoing transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary tumours were enrolled and allocatedto two groups. Group 1 received 1:200,000 concentration and Group 2 receiving 1:100,000 concentration of adrenalinetopically using cotton strips for 10-15 minutes. Cardiac indices and haemodynamic parameters were noted at baseline, every 5 minutes for first hour followed by every 10 minutes till the end of the procedure. Blood loss, quality of thefield and any adverse events were noted

Results:
Significant reductions in cardiac indices (CO, CI) were noted in Group 2 at 60 and 70 minutes of the procedure compared to Group 1. There was no difference in haemodynamic parameters (HR, SBP, DBP, MAP, SPO2,) between the 1:100,000 and 1:200,000 adrenaline groups. However, hypertension and tachycardia were higher following instillation of 1:100,000 adrenaline concentration when compared with the baseline (p<0.005)

Conclusion:
1:200,000 concentrations of adrenaline for nasal decongestion was associated with lowered cardiac indices compared to1:100,000 concentration. Field quality and usage of rescue drugs were comparable in both the study groups

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Abstract No. : ABS0646: Efficacy of combined epidural general anaesthesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomies - a prospective randomised study
Authors: HN Nethra 
Published: September 2024

Background &Aims:
Pnuemoperitonium in laparoscopy is associated with cardiorespiratory changes. Combination of epidural with general anaesthesia might offer benefits of haemodynamic control and peri-operative analgesia. We aimed to study the efficacy of combinedepidural-general anaesthesia(CEGA) over general anaesthesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomies.

Methods:
A prospective, randomised, double blind study was conducted on 90 surgical in-patients after obtaining ethical and informed consent from the institution and participants respectively.In Group GE-(n=45), Lumbar epidural analgesia with ropivacaine with GA ;In Group G, only GA was administered. Propofol ,vecuronium, fentanyl, paracetamol, isofluranewereused in both the groups. Along with minimum mandatory monitoringfor study purpose, heart rate(HR), mean arterial Pressure(MAP), end-tidal carbon-dioxide (ETCO2), peripheral oxygen saturation ( SpO2) ,visualanaloguescale score, Ramsay sedation score , requirement of propofol, muscle relaxants and analgesics were studied with recovery and pain in 12 hours post operatively.Statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS version 20. Student’s t test, Chi-square test were used for comparison.

Results:
Statistical value of p<0.05 was considered significant. We noted significantly lesser readingsin group GE than inGroup G i.e (p<0.001) in MAP, SBP, DBP muscle relaxants, propofol and Fentanyl (p<0.001) . Early recovery and lesser pain scores were noted in group GE than Group G.

Conclusion:
CEGAtechnique has the benefit of better control of haemodynamics .It reduces requirements of analgesics and anaesthetic drugs and has faster recovery with less post-operative pain in laparoscopic cholecystectomies.
Abstract No. : ABS2957: Efficacy of continuous magnesium infusion in prevention of post- operative atrial Fibrillation in patients undergoing off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: George Robin 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) occurs in 30-50% of patients after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). Serum hypomagnesemia is common after cardiac surgeries.The primary objective was to evaluate whether magnesium infusion could reduce the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after off pump CABG.

Methods:
This prospective, singe centre, randomised controlled study was conducted among 100 patients who underwent off-pump
CABG. The participants were classified into two groups: Group (M); study group in which magnesium infusion was started for three days after an initial bolus dose when the patient was received in intensive care unit (ICU) and Group (C); control group was managed with usual care. The target in Group M was to attain a serum magnesium level of 1.5 to 2 mmol/L. Theincidence of POAF was observed in both the groups. A p value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.

Results:
The incidence of POAF was significantly higher in control group (20%) when compared to the study group (2%)(p=0.008). There were no significant changes in vasoactive inotropic scores, length of ICU stay, additional pharmacotherapy and cardioversion needed between both the groups.

Conclusion:
The study established that continuous magnesium infusion was effective in preventing POAF in patients undergoing off-pump CABGs.
Abstract No. : ABS3025: To study the safety and efficacy of preoperative oral carbohydrate loading in type 2 Diabetics undergoing elective off pump coronary artery bypass grafting.
Authors: Ram R Sree 
Published: September 2024

Background & Aims:
The aim was to study the safety and efficacy of oral carbohydrate loading in type 2 diabetics undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).The primary objective was to evaluate the residual gastric volume and secondary objectives included evaluating insulin resistance and inotrope requirement.

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Methods:
This prospective, unicentric, non-blinded randomised controlled study was conducted on 40 American Society of Anesthesiologists grade III & IV subjects. The study population was randomly allocated into Control Group in which patients were given 800 ml of clear fluids on the night before surgery and 400 ml of clear fluids 2 hours before on the day of surgery and Study group in which patients were given carbohydrate drink (50 gm of two carbohydrate sachets mixed with 800 ml of water) night before surgeryand 50 gm of one carbohydrate sachet mixed with 400 ml of water 2 h before surgery.

Results:
Both the groups had comparable residual gastric volumes. The Carboload group had higher blood sugar levels in the preoperative and intraoperative periods. Blood sugar control was better in the Carboload group during the postoperativeperiod, and the mean total insulin requirement and lactate levels for the Carboload group were less than the clear fluid group.Patient wellbeing was significantly higher in the Carboload group. No episodes of regurgitation or aspiration were recordedin either group.

Conclusion:
In patients with type 2 diabetes, consuming a Carboload drink two hours before surgery was safe and didnot increase the risk of pulmonary aspiration. Although there was a slight increase in their preoperative blood glucose levels, the postoperative glucose levels were easier to control and required a lesser amount of insulin to achieve normoglycemia.Moreover, we found a remarkable improvement in the patient’s well being as the carbohydrate consumed group experiencedless thirst, and hunger. Patients with Type 2 diabetes may benefit from the physiologic benefits of this beverage, justas do patients without diabetes in enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols. RBS levels during the perioperative period (mg/dl)