bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developmental endothelial locus-1 modulates platelet-monocyte interactions and instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction in islet transplantation
Authors: Lim Jong-Hyung , Mitroulis Ioannis , Ferreira Anaisa , Chen Lan-Sun , Gercken Bettina , Steffen Anja , Kemter Elisabeth , Ameln Anne Klotzsche-von , Waskow Claudia , Hosur Kavita , Chatzigeorgiou Antonios , Ludwig Barbara , Wolf Eckhard , Hajishengallis George , Chavakis Triantafyllos , Kourtzelis Ioannis , Kotlabova Klara 
Published: December 2015

SummaryPlatelet-monocyte interactions are strongly implicated in thrombo-inflammatory injury by actively contributing to intravascular inflammation, leukocyte recruitment to inflamed sites, and the amplification of the procoagulant response. Instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR) represents thrombo-inflammatory injury elicited upon pancreatic islet transplantation (islet-Tx), thereby dramatically affecting transplant survival and function. Developmental endothelial locus-1 (Del-1) is a functionally versatile endothelial cell-derived homeostatic factor with anti-inflammatory properties, but its potential role in IBMIR has not been previously addressed. Here, we establish Del-1 as a novel inhibitor of IBMIR using a whole blood–islet model and a syngeneic murine transplantation model. Indeed, Del-1 pre-treatment of blood before addition of islets diminished coagulation activation and islet damage as assessed by C-peptide release. Consistently, intraportal islet-Tx in transgenic mice with endothelial cell-specific overexpression of Del-1 resulted in a marked decrease of monocytes and platelet-monocyte aggregates in the transplanted tissues, relative to those in wild-type recipients. Mechanistically, Del-1 decreased platelet-monocyte aggregate formation, by specifically blocking the interaction between monocyte Mac-1-integrin and platelet GPIb. Our findings reveal a hitherto unknown role of Del-1 in the regulation of platelet-monocyte interplay and the subsequent heterotypic aggregate formation in the context of IBMIR. Therefore, Del-1 may represent a novel approach to prevent or mitigate the adverse reactions mediated through thrombo-inflammatory pathways in islet-Tx and perhaps other inflammatory disorders involving platelet-leukocyte aggregate formation.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
Supportive management strategies for disseminated intravascular coagulation
Authors: Hunt Beverley J. , Kinasewitz Gary T. , Wada Hideo , Cate Hugo ten , Thachil Jecko , Levi Marcel , Vicente Vicente , D’Angelo Armando , Nisio Marcello Di , Squizzato Alessandro 
Published: December 2015

SummaryThe cornerstone of the management of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is the treatment of the underlying condition triggering the coagulopathy. However, a number of uncertainties remain over the optimal supportive treatment. The aim of this study was to provide evidence and expert-based recommendations on the optimal supportive haemostatic and antithrombotic treatment strategies for patients with DIC. A working group defined five relevant clinical scenarios. Published studies were systematically searched in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases (up to May 2014). Seven internationally recognised experts were asked to independently provide clinical advice. A two-phase blinded data collection technique was used to reach consensus. Only three randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the supportive management of DIC were identified. The RCTs (overall less than 100 patients) investigated the use of fresh frozen plasma and platelet transfusion and found no differences in survival between the intervention and control groups. The experts’ approach was heterogeneous, although there was consensus that supportive management should vary according to the underlying cause, clinical manifestations and severity of blood test abnormalities. Platelet transfusion should be given to maintain platelet count > 50×109/l in case of bleeding while a lower threshold of 20 to 30×109/l may be used in DIC without bleeding. Thromboprophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin is advised until bleeding ensues or platelet count drops below 30×109/l. In conclusion, in the absence of solid evidence from RCTs, an individualised supportive management of DIC is advisable based on the type of underlying disease, presence of bleeding or thrombotic complications and laboratory tests results.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
Left Atrial Appendage Remodeling After Lariat Left Atrial Appendage Ligation
Authors: Kreidieh Bahij , Rojas Francia , Schurmann Paul , Dave Amish S. , Kashani Amir , Rodríguez-Mañero Moisés , Valderrábano Miguel 
Published: December 2015

Background—
Left atrial appendage (LAA) ligation with the Lariat device is being used for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Residual leaks into the LAA are commonly reported after the procedure. Little is known about the anatomic LAA remodeling after Lariat ligation.

Methods and Results—
In an exploratory study, we evaluated LAA 3-dimensional geometry via computed tomographic scan in 31 consecutive patients before Lariat closure and after a minimum of 30 days post procedure. Thirteen patients were classified as unfavorable cases based on anatomic criteria. Our population had an average age of 70±12 years, a mean CHADS2 (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age>75, diabetes mellitus, history of stroke) score of 3.2±1.2, a mean CHADS2VASC (CHADS2 in addition to female sex, ages 65–75, as well as double impact of age >75, vascular disease) of 4.2±1.5, and a mean HASBLED (hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function, stroke, bleeding predisposition/history, labile international normalized ratio, elderly, drugs/alcohol) bleeding score of 4.0±1.1. Successful suture deployment was achieved in all cases, but 3 patients had intraprocedural residual flow into the LAA (leak). On follow-up, 10 patients (32%) had recanalized residual LAA cavities, which were morphologically similar to the original LAA, albeit significantly smaller in volume (22.5±13.3% of the original volume). Recanalization was not associated with age, sex, comorbid conditions, stroke or bleeding risk scores, follow-up interval, baseline LAA volume, or morphology. Unfavorable cases had anatomic outcomes comparable with those of the anatomically favorable population. No patients have exhibited thromboembolism after 842±338 days post ligation.

Conclusions—
Incomplete LAA ligation after Lariat is common. However, the remodeled LAA cavity is dramatically reduced. Diminished cavity size and tightening of the LAA orifice may play a role in the reduction of thrombus formation.
Polypharmacy and the Efficacy and Safety of Rivaroxaban Versus Warfarin in the Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Piccini Jonathan P. , Hellkamp Anne S. , Washam Jeffrey B. , Becker Richard C. , Breithardt Günter , Berkowitz Scott D. , Halperin Jonathan L. , Hankey Graeme J. , Hacke Werner , Mahaffey Kenneth W. , Nessel Christopher C. , Singer Daniel E. , Fox Keith A.A. , Patel Manesh R. 
Published: December 2015

Background—
Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) often take multiple medications.

Methods and Results—

We examined characteristics and compared adjusted outcomes between rivaroxaban and warfarin according to number of concomitant baseline medications and the presence of combined cytochrome P450 3A4 and P-glycoprotein inhibitors in the Rivaroxaban Once Daily Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared With Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation (ROCKET AF) study. At baseline, 5101 patients (36%) were on 0 to 4 medications, 7298 (51%) were on 5 to 9, and 1865 (13%) were on ≥10. Although polypharmacy was not associated with higher risk of stroke or non–central nervous system embolism (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.02 for ≥10 versus 0–4 medications; 95% confidence interval, 0.76–1.38), it was associated with higher risks of the combined end point of stroke, non–central nervous system embolism, vascular death, or myocardial infarction (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.41 for ≥10 versus 0–4 medications; 95% confidence interval, 1.18–1.68) and nonmajor clinically relevant or major bleeding (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.47 for ≥10 versus 0–4 medications; 95% confidence interval, 1.31–1.65). There was no significant difference in primary efficacy (adjusted interaction
P
=0.99) or safety outcomes (adjusted interaction
P
=0.87) between treatment groups by number of medications. Patients treated with 0 to 4 medications had lower rates of major bleeding with rivaroxaban (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.52–0.95; interaction
P
=0.0074). There was no evidence of differential outcomes in those treated with ≥1 combined cytochrome P450 3A4 and P-glycoprotein inhibitors.

Conclusions—
In a population of patients with atrial fibrillation, two thirds were on ≥5 medications. Increasing medication use was associated with higher risk of bleeding but not stroke. Rivaroxaban was tolerated across complex patients on multiple medications.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00403767.
Enhanced Neural Processing of Goal-directed Actions After Active Training in 4-Month-Old Infants
Authors: Bakker Marta , Sommerville Jessica A. , Gredebäck Gustaf 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The current study explores the neural correlates of action perception and its relation to infants' active experience performing goal-directed actions. Study 1 provided active training with sticky mittens that enables grasping and object manipulation in prereaching 4-month-olds. After training, EEG was recorded while infants observed images of hands grasping toward (congruent) or away from (incongruent) objects. We demonstrate that brief active training facilitates social perception as indexed by larger amplitude of the P400 ERP component to congruent compared with incongruent trials. Study 2 presented 4-month-old infants with passive training in which they observed an experimenter perform goal-directed reaching actions, followed by an identical ERP session to that used in Study 1. The second study did not demonstrate any differentiation between congruent and incongruent trials. These results suggest that (1) active experience alters the brains' response to goal-directed actions performed by others and (2) visual exposure alone is not sufficient in developing the neural networks subserving goal processing during action observation in infancy.
Atmospheric Controls on Seasonal and Interannual Variations in the Precipitation Isotope in the East Asian Monsoon Region
Authors: Cai Zhongyin , Tian Lide 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
Understanding variations in isotopic composition of precipitation from monsoon regions is crucial for its utilization in paleoclimate studies. This study explores the relationship between precipitation δ18O data for the East Asian monsoon (EAM) region archived in Global Network for Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP) and the cloud data archived in ISCCP and their linkage with large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns. Results show that precipitation δ18O are significantly and positively correlated with cloud-top pressure (CTP) on both local and regional scales. Mechanically speaking, the stronger the monsoon convection precipitation, the higher the cloud and the lower the condensation temperature and thus the lower the precipitation δ18O. This result implies that the sharp drop in precipitation δ18O in the early summer in monsoonal Asia is related to the atmospheric circulation pattern rather than the different moisture sources, as was previously assumed. This result helps explain the processes leading to the observed “amount effect.” A comparison of atmospheric circulation patterns with precipitation δ18O on an interannual scale shows that the positive CTP anomalies in the central Indo-Pacific within the weak Walker circulation (El Niño) can be associated with positive δ18O anomalies, while negative CTP anomalies in the central Indo-Pacific within the strong Walker circulation (La Niña) can be linked to negative δ18O anomalies. This result further confirms the aforementioned conclusion. This is important for understanding paleoclimatic change in monsoonal Asia, as interannual variations in stable isotopes in that region have received less attention in the past.
On the Movements of the North Atlantic Subpolar Front in the Preinstrumental Past*
Authors: Marchal Olivier , Waelbroeck Claire , Colin de Verdière Alain 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Three sediment records of sea surface temperature (SST) are analyzed that originate from distant locations in the North Atlantic, have centennial-to-multicentennial resolution, are based on the same reconstruction method and chronological assumptions, and span the past 15 000 yr. Using recursive least squares techniques, an estimate of the time-dependent North Atlantic SST field over the last 15 kyr is sought that is consistent with both the SST records and a surface ocean circulation model, given estimates of their respective error (co)variances. Under the authors’ assumptions about data and model errors, it is found that the 10°C mixed layer isotherm, which approximately traces the modern Subpolar Front, would have moved by ~15° of latitude southward (northward) in the eastern North Atlantic at the onset (termination) of the Younger Dryas cold interval (YD), a result significant at the level of two standard deviations in the isotherm position. In contrast, meridional movements of the isotherm in the Newfoundland basin are estimated to be small and not significant. Thus, the isotherm would have pivoted twice around a region southeast of the Grand Banks, with a southwest–northeast orientation during the warm intervals of the Bølling–Allerød and the Holocene and a more zonal orientation and southerly position during the cold interval of the YD. This study provides an assessment of the significance of similar previous inferences and illustrates the potential of recursive least squares in paleoceanography.
Illness invalidation from spouse and family is associated with depression in diabetic patients with first superficial diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Sehlo Mohammad G , Alzahrani Owiss H , Alzahrani Hasan A 
Published: December 2015

Objectives (1) To assess the prevalence of depressive disorders in a sample of diabetic patients with their first superficial diabetic foot ulcer. (2) To evaluate the association between illness invalidation from spouse, family, and depressive disorders in those patients. Methods Depressive disorders and severity were diagnosed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis Ι disorders, clinical version, and the spouse and family scales of the Illness Invalidation Inventory, respectively (3*I). Physical functioning was also assessed using the Physical Component of The Short Form 36 item health-related quality of life questionnaire. Results The prevalence of depressive disorders was 27.50% (22/80). There was a significant decrease in physical health component summary mean score and a significant increase in ulcer size, Center for Epidemiologic Studies–Depression Scale, spouse discounting, spouse lack of understanding, and family discounting mean scores in the depressed group compared to the non-depressed group. Higher levels of spouse discounting, spouse understanding, and family discounting were significant predictors of diagnosis of depressive disorders and were strongly associated with increased severity of depressive symptoms in diabetic patients with first superficial diabetic foot ulcers. Poor physical functioning was associated with increased depressive symptom severity. Conclusion This study demonstrated that illness invalidation from spouse and family is associated with diagnosis of depressive disorders and increased severity of depressive symptoms in diabetic patients with first superficial diabetic foot ulcers.
Effectiveness of a group-based self-management program for people with chronic fatigue syndrome: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pinxsterhuis Irma , Sandvik Leiv , Strand Elin Bolle , Bautz-Holter Erik , Sveen Unni 
Published: December 2015

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a group-based self-management program for people with chronic fatigue syndrome. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Setting: Four mid-sized towns in southern Norway and two suburbs of Oslo. Subjects: A total of 137 adults with chronic fatigue syndrome. Intervention: A self-management program including eight biweekly meetings of 2.5 hours duration. The control group received usual care. Main measures: Primary outcome measure: Medical Outcomes Study-Short Form-36 physical functioning subscale. Secondary outcome measures: Fatigue severity scale, self-efficacy scale, physical and mental component summary of the Short Form-36, and the illness cognition questionnaire (acceptance subscale). Assessments were performed at baseline, and at six-month and one-year follow-ups. Results: At the six-month follow-up, a significant difference between the two groups was found concerning fatigue severity ( p = 0.039) in favor of the control group, and concerning self-efficacy in favor of the intervention group ( p = 0.039). These significant differences were not sustained at the one-year follow-up. No significant differences were found between the groups concerning physical functioning, acceptance, and health status at any of the measure points. The drop-out rate was 13.9% and the median number of sessions attended was seven (out of eight). Conclusions: The evaluated self-management program did not have any sustained effect, as compared with receiving usual care.
Systematic review: third-line susceptibility-guided treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Puig Ignasi , López-Góngora Sheila , Calvet Xavier , Villoria Albert , Baylina Mireia , Sanchez-Delgado Jordi , Suarez David , García-Hernando Victor , Gisbert Javier P. 
Published: December 2015

Background: Susceptibility-guided therapies (SGTs) have been proposed as preferable to empirical rescue treatments after two treatment failures. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness and efficacy of SGT as third-line therapy. Methods: A systematic search was performed in multiple databases. Studies reporting cure rates of Helicobacter pylori with SGT in third-line therapy were selected. A qualitative analysis describing the current evidence and a pooled mean analysis summarizing the cure rates of SGT in third-line therapy was performed. Results: No randomized controlled trials or comparative studies were found. Four observational studies reported cure rates with SGT in third-line treatment, and three studies which mixed patients with second- and third-line treatment also reported cure rates with SGT. The majority of the studies included the patients when culture had been already obtained, and so the effectiveness of SGT and empirical therapy has never been compared. A pooled mean analysis including four observational studies (283 patients) showed intention-to-treat and per-protocol eradication rates with SGT of 72% (95% confidence interval 56–87%; I2: 92%) and 80% (95% confidence interval 71–90%; I2: 80%), respectively. Conclusions: SGT may be an acceptable option as rescue treatment. However, cure rates are, at best, moderate and this approach has never been compared with a well-devised empirical therapy. The evidence in favor of SGT as rescue therapy is currently insufficient to recommend its use.
Results After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Patients Older Than 40 Years
Authors: Mall Nathan A. , Frank Rachel M. , Saltzman Bryan M. , Cole Brian J. , Bach Bernard R. 
Published: December 2015

Context: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in older patients is a controversial topic among orthopaedic surgeons. Objective: To determine the outcomes, failure, and morbidity associated with ACL reconstruction in patients older than 40 years and to compare it with nonoperative treatment as well as results of ACL reconstruction in a younger patient population. Data Sources: A systematic review of the literature from 1970 to 2015 was conducted utilizing MEDLINE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central Register databases using PRISMA guidelines. Study Selection: Inclusion criteria were studies with longer than 2-year follow-up of primary ACL reconstruction and minimum age of patients older than 40 years, inclusive of any graft type or source and of any concomitant meniscal pathology. Study Design: Systematic review. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Data Extraction: Two independent reviewers collected demographic, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data. Results: Twelve studies with a total of 452 patients were included. The mean patient age was 47.8 years (range, 40-66 years) with a mean follow-up of 53.3 months (minimum, 24 months). Lysholm scores improved from 53.9 to 90.5 in the 11 operative studies. The only nonoperative study reported a mean Lysholm score of 82 after rehabilitation. International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores of A or B were found in 81%. Tegner activity scores averaged 4.7 preinjury, fell to 2.9 preoperatively, and returned to 4.7 postoperatively. The reported failure rate was 2.3%. There were few complications, and failure rate was similar in younger patients. Conclusion: The data confirm that ACL reconstruction can be recommended to patients older than 40 years who wish to maintain an active lifestyle or have symptomatic instability with daily activities. Patient-based outcomes scores were better in the operative studies compared with the single nonoperative study in this patient population.
Identifying the key performance improvement domains for home health agencies
Authors: Koru Güneş , Alhuwail Dari , Rosati Robert J. 
Published: December 2015

Objective: The objective of this study was to support home health agencies (HHAs) in the United States (US) in their individualized quality assessment and performance improvement (QAPI) initiatives by identifying their key performance improvement domains (KPIDs). Methods: Qualitative research was conducted by following the Framework method. Rich contextual data were obtained through focus group meetings participated by domain experts. The analysis results were further refined in an online forum and validated at a final meeting. Results: Four focus groups involving a total of 20 participants resulted in useful discussions during which various perspectives were expressed by the expert participants. A well-defined set of 17 KPIDs emerged under four categories, namely, economical value, sociocultural sensitivity, interpersonal relationships, and clinical capabilities. Conclusions: The feedback we received from the focus groups indicates that performance improvement in HHAs is a lot more complicated than simply assessing whether certain clinical tasks are performed. The KPIDs identified in this study can help HHAs in their focused and individualized QAPI initiatives. Therefore, the results should be immediately relevant, interesting, and useful to the home care industry and policy makers in the US.