bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Sequence of Streptomyces scabrisporus NF3, an Endophyte Isolated from
Amphipterygium adstringens
Authors: Vazquez-Hernandez Melissa , Ceapa Corina Diana , Rodríguez-Luna Stefany Daniela , Rodríguez-Sanoja Romina , Sánchez Sergio 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genome sequence of
Streptomyces scabrisporus
NF3, an endophyte isolated from
Amphipterygium adstringens
in Chiapas, Mexico. This strain produces a new modified linaridin peptide. The genome harbors at least 50 gene clusters for synthases of polyketide and nonribosomal peptides, suggesting a prospective production of various secondary metabolites.
Positive percentages of urine morphine tests among methadone maintenance treatment clients with HIV/AIDS: a 12-month follow-up study in Guangdong Province, China
Authors: Luo Xiaofeng , Gong Xiao , Zhao Peizhen , Zou Xia , Chen Wen , Ling Li 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveWe aimed to assess the positive percentages of urine morphine tests and correlates among methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) clients with HIV/AIDS in Guangdong, China.SettingFourteen MMT clinics located in nine cities of Guangdong were chosen as study sites.ParticipantsIn this study, we reviewed 293 clients with opioid dependence, who were HIV seropositive, 18 years or older, provided informed consent and had at least 10 records of urine morphine tests during the study period.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe positive percentages of urine morphine tests were calculated and underlying predictors were estimated.ResultsThe highest positive percentage (95.9%) was observed in the first month. After excluding the highest percentage in the first month, the average positive percentage was 40.9% for month 2 to month 12. Positive percentages of urine morphine tests that were <20%, 20–60% and >80% were 25.4%, 36.1% and 38.5% respectively. Lower percentages of continued heroin use were associated with being young (OR≤30=0.31, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.78; OR31-=0.44, 95% CI 0.20 to 1.00), and financial sources depending on family or friends (OR=0.55, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.93). Higher percentages of continued heroin use were associated with being unemployed (OR=1.99, 95% CI 1.13 to 3.49) and poor MMT attendance (OR<20%=3.60, 95% CI 1.55 to 8.33; OR20%-=2.80, 95% CI 1.48 to 5.33).ConclusionsHigh positive percentages of urine morphine tests remain prevalent among MMT clients with HIV/AIDS in Guangdong. The present findings have implications for taking effective measures to facilitate attendance in order to decrease heroin use and ultimately improve the effectiveness among these sub-group MMT clients.
Immunisation coverage of children in the child welfare system: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Hermann Jennifer S , Featherstone Robin M , Russell Margaret L , MacDonald Shannon E 
Published: April 2017

IntroductionChildren may be placed in the care of the child welfare system when they require additional supports or intervention to ensure their safety and security. Transitions in living arrangements (eg, home to foster care and return to home) and other difficult circumstances for these children may result in interruptions in routine preventive healthcare, such as childhood immunisations. The purpose of this systematic literature review is to determine whether immunisation coverage is a problem among children in the child welfare system and identify any known supports and/or barriers to vaccine uptake in this population.Methods and analysisThis systematic review will encompass published and unpublished primary research studies that assess (A) immunisation coverage of children in the child welfare system, (B) how this coverage compares to the general population and/or children not in the child welfare system, and (C) supports and barriers affecting immunisation status of these children. Vaccines in the recommended childhood immunisation schedule for each study setting will be considered. Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, SocINDEX and ERIC will be comprehensively searched. We will also search ProQuest dissertations and theses, the Conference Proceedings Citation Index for Science and Social Science & Humanities, and a sample of relevant provincial, national and international websites. References of included studies will be manually searched for relevant studies. English language primary studies from 2000 to current focused on immunisations of children (age 0–17 years) in the child welfare system, in a high-income country, will be included. A narrative analysis of key findings from included studies will be performed and presented.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol does not require ethics approval. Planned dissemination includes peer-reviewed publication, conference presentations and briefs for policy makers.Trial registration numberThis protocol is registered in the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, registration number CRD42016047319.
Improving teaching about medically unexplained symptoms for newly qualified doctors in the UK: findings from a questionnaire survey and expert workshop
Authors: Yon Katherine , Habermann Stephanie , Rosenthal Joe , Walters Kate R , Nettleton Sarah , Warner Alex , Lamahewa Kethakie , Buszewicz Marta 
Published: April 2017

ObjectivesMedically unexplained symptoms (MUS) present frequently in healthcare, can be complex and frustrating for clinicians and patients and are often associated with overinvestigation and significant costs. Doctors need to be aware of appropriate management strategies for such patients early in their training. A previous qualitative study with foundation year doctors (junior doctors in their first 2 years postqualification) indicated significant lack of knowledge about this topic and appropriate management strategies. This study reviewed whether, and in what format, UK foundation training programmes for newly qualified doctors include any teaching about MUS and sought recommendations for further development of such training.DesignMixed-methods design comprising a web-based questionnaire survey and an expert consultation workshop.SettingNineteen foundation schools in England, Wales and Northern IrelandParticipantsQuestionnaire administered via email to 155 foundation training programme directors (FTPDs) attached to the 19 foundation schools, followed by an expert consultation workshop attended by 13 medical educationalists, FTPDs and junior doctors.ResultsThe 53/155 (34.2%) FTPDs responding to the questionnaire represented 15 of the 19 foundation schools, but only 6/53 (11%) reported any current formal teaching about MUS within their programmes. However, most recognised the importance of providing such teaching, suggesting 2–3 hours per year. All those attending the expert consultation workshop recommended case-based discussions, role-play and the use of videos to illustrate positive and negative examples of doctor–patient interactions as educational methods of choice. Educational sessions should cover the skills needed to provide appropriate explanations for patients’ symptoms as well as avoid unnecessary investigations, and providing information about suitable treatment options.ConclusionsThere is an urgent need to improve foundation level training about MUS, as current provision is very limited. An interactive approach covering a range of topics is recommended, but must be delivered within a realistic time frame for the curriculum.
Quality of reporting in abstracts of RCTs published in emergency medicine journals: a protocol for a systematic survey of the literature
Authors: Germini Federico , Marcucci Maura , Fedele Marta , Galli Maria Giulia , Mbuagbaw Lawrence , Salvatori Valentina , Veronese Giacomo , Worster Andrew , Thabane Lehana 
Published: April 2017

IntroductionThe quality of reporting of abstracts of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in major general medical journals and in some category-specific journals was shown to be poor before the publication of the ConsolidatedStandards of ReportingTrials (CONSORT) extension for abstracts in 2008, and an improvement in the quality of reporting of abstracts was observed after its publication. The effect of the publication of the CONSORT extension for abstracts on the quality of reporting of RCTs in emergency medicine journals has not been studied. In this paper, we present the protocol of a systematic survey of the literature, aimed at assessing the quality of reporting in abstracts of RCTs published in emergency medicine journals and at evaluating the effect of the publication of the CONSORT extension for abstracts on the quality of reporting.Methods and analysisThe Medline database will be searched for RCTs published in the years 2005–2007 and 2014–2015 in the top 10 emergency medicine journals, according to their impact factor. Candidate studies will be screened for inclusion in the review. Exclusion criteria will be the following: the abstract is not available, they are published only as abstracts, still recruiting, or duplicate publications. The study outcomes will be the overall quality of reporting (number of items reported) according to the CONSORT extension and the compliance with its individual items. Two independent reviewers will screen each article for inclusion and will extract data on the CONSORT items and on other variables, which can possibly affect the quality of reporting.Ethics and disseminationThis is a library-based study and therefore exempt from research ethics board review. The review results will be disseminated through abstract submission to conferences and publication in a peer-reviewed biomedical journal.
Mass-independent area (or entropy) and thermodynamic volume products in conformal gravity
Authors: Pradhan Parthapratim 
Published: April 2017

In this work, we investigate the thermodynamic properties of conformal gravity in four dimensions. We compute the area (or entropy) functional relation for this black hole (BH). We consider both de Sitter (dS) and anti-de Sitter (AdS) cases. We derive the Cosmic-Censorship-Inequality which is an important relation in general relativity that relates the total mass of a spacetime to the area of all the BH horizons. Local thermodynamic stability is studied by computing the specific heat. The second-order phase transition occurs at a certain condition. Various types of second-order phase structure have been given for various values of a and the cosmological constant [Formula: see text] in the Appendix. When a = 0, one obtains the result of Schwarzschild–dS and Schwarzschild–AdS cases. In the limit aM [Formula: see text] 1, one obtains the result of Grumiller spacetime, where a is nontrivial Rindler parameter or Rindler acceleration and M is the mass parameter. The thermodynamic volume functional relation is derived in the extended phase space, where the cosmological constant is treated as a thermodynamic pressure and its conjugate variable as a thermodynamic volume. The mass-independent area (or entropy) functional relation and thermodynamic volume functional relation that we have derived could turn out to be a universal quantity.
Efficient Complex High-Precision Computations on GPUs without Precision Loss
Authors: Cabodi G. , Garbo A. , Loiacono C. , Quer S. , Francini G. 
Published: April 2017

General-purpose computing on graphics processing units is the utilization of a graphics processing unit (GPU) to perform computation in applications traditionally handled by the central processing unit. Many attempts have been made to implement well-known algorithms on embedded and mobile GPUs. Unfortunately, these applications are computationally complex and often require high precision arithmetic, whereas embedded and mobile GPUs are designed specifically for graphics, and thus are very restrictive in terms of input/output, precision, programming style and primitives available. This paper studies how to implement efficient and accurate high-precision algorithms on embedded GPUs adopting the OpenGL ES language. We discuss the problems arising during the design phase, and we detail our implementation choices, focusing on the SIFT and ALP key-point detectors. We transform standard, i.e., single (or double) precision floating-point computations, to reduced-precision GPU arithmetic without precision loss. We develop a desktop framework to simulate Gaussian Scale Space transforms on all possible target embedded GPU platforms, and with all possible range and precision arithmetic. We illustrate how to re-engineer standard Gaussian Scale Space computations to mobile multi-core parallel GPUs using the OpenGL ES language. We present experiments on a large set of standard images, proving how efficiency and accuracy can be maintained on different target platforms. To sum up, we present a complete framework to minimize future programming effort, i.e., to easily check, on different embedded platforms, the accuracy and performance of complex algorithms requiring high-precision computations.
Experimental and Statistical Analysis of MgO Nanofluids for Thermal Enhancement in a Novel Flat Plate Heat Pipes
Authors: Pandiaraj P. , Gnanavelbabu A. , Saravanan P. 
Published: April 2017

Metallic fluids like CuO, Al2O3, ZnO, SiO2 and TiO2 nanofluids were widely used for the development of working fluids in flat plate heat pipes except magnesium oxide (MgO). So, we initiate our idea to use MgO nanofluids in flat plate heat pipe as a working fluid material. MgO nanopowders were synthesized by wet chemical method. Solid state characterizations of synthesized nanopowders were carried out by Ultraviolet Spectroscopy (UV), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. Synthesized nanopowders were prepared as nanofluids by adding water and as well as water/ethylene glycol as a binary mixture. Thermal conductivity measurements of prepared nanofluids were studied using transient hot-wire apparatus. Response surface methodology based on the Box–Behnken design was implemented to investigate the influence of temperature (30–60[Formula: see text]C), particle fraction (1.5–4.5 vol.%), and solution pH (4–12) of nanofluids as the independent variables. A total of 17 experiments were accomplished for the construction of second-order polynomial equations for target output. All the influential factors, their mutual effects and their quadratic terms were statistically validated by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimum stability and thermal conductivity of MgO nanofluids with various temperature, volume fraction and solution pH were predicted and compared with experimental results. The results revealed that increase in particle fraction and pH of MgO nanofluids at certain points would increase thermal conductivity and become stable at nominal temperature.
Analysis of Circulating Cell-Free DNA Identifies Multiclonal Heterogeneity of BRCA2 Reversion Mutations Associated with Resistance to PARP Inhibitors
Authors: Quigley David , Alumkal Joshi J. , Wyatt Alexander W. , Kothari Vishal , Foye Adam , Lloyd Paul , Aggarwal Rahul , Kim Won , Lu Eric , Schwartzman Jacob , Beja Kevin , Annala Matti , Das Rajdeep , Diolaiti Morgan , Pritchard Colin , Thomas George , Tomlins Scott , Knudsen Karen , Lord Christopher J. , Ryan Charles , Youngren Jack , Beer Tomasz M. , Ashworth Alan , Small Eric J. , Feng Felix Y. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Approximately 20% of metastatic prostate cancers harbor mutations in genes required for DNA repair by homologous recombination repair (HRR) such as BRCA2. HRR defects confer synthetic lethality to PARP inhibitors (PARPi) such as olaparib and talazoparib. In ovarian or breast cancers, olaparib resistance has been associated with HRR restoration, including by BRCA2 mutation reversion. Whether similar mechanisms operate in prostate cancer, and could be detected in liquid biopsies, is unclear. Here, we identify BRCA2 reversion mutations associated with olaparib and talazoparib resistance in patients with prostate cancer. Analysis of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) reveals reversion mutation heterogeneity not discernable from a single solid-tumor biopsy and potentially allows monitoring for the emergence of PARPi resistance.
Significance: The mechanisms of clinical resistance to PARPi in DNA repair–deficient prostate cancer have not been described. Here, we show BRCA2 reversion mutations in patients with prostate cancer with metastatic disease who developed resistance to talazoparib and olaparib. Furthermore, we show that PARPi resistance is highly multiclonal and that cfDNA allows monitoring for PARPi resistance. Cancer Discov; 7(9); 999–1005. ©2017 AACR.
See related commentary by Domchek, p. 937.
See related article by Kondrashova et al., p. 984.
See related article by Goodall et al., p. 1006.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 920
Endoglin Mediates Vascular Maturation by Promoting Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration and Spreading
Authors: Tian Hongyu , Ketova Tatiana , Hardy Duriel , Xu Xiaojiang , Gao Xia , Zijlstra Andries , Blobe Gerard C. 
Published: April 2017

Objective—
Endoglin, a transforming growth factor-β superfamily coreceptor, is predominantly expressed in endothelial cells and has essential roles in vascular development. However, whether endoglin is also expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), especially in vivo, remains controversial. Furthermore, the roles of endoglin in VSMC biology remain largely unknown. Our objective was to examine the expression and determine the function of endoglin in VSMCs during angiogenesis.

Approach and Results—
Here, we determine that endoglin is robustly expressed in VSMCs. Using CRISPR/CAS9 knockout and short hairpin RNA knockdown in the VSMC/endothelial coculture model system, we determine that endoglin in VSMCs, but not in endothelial cells, promotes VSMCs recruitment by the endothelial cells both in vitro and in vivo. Using an unbiased bioinformatics analysis of RNA sequencing data and further study, we determine that, mechanistically, endoglin mediates VSMC recruitment by promoting VSMC migration and spreading on endothelial cells via increasing integrin/FAK pathway signaling, whereas endoglin has minimal effects on VSMC adhesion to endothelial cells. In addition, we further determine that loss of endoglin in VSMCs inhibits VSMC recruitment in vivo.

Conclusions—
These studies demonstrate that endoglin has an important role in VSMC recruitment and blood vessel maturation during angiogenesis and also provide novel insights into how discordant endoglin function in endothelial and VSMCs may regulate vascular maturation and angiogenesis.
Statin Pretreatment and Microembolic Signals in Large Artery Atherosclerosis
Authors: Safouris Apostolos , Krogias Christos , Sharma Vijay K. , Katsanos Aristeidis H. , Faissner Simon , Roussopoulou Andromachi , Zompola Christina , Kneiphof Janina , Kargiotis Odysseas , Deftereos Spyridon , Giannopoulos Georgios , Triantafyllou Nikos , Voumvourakis Konstantinos , Vadikolias Konstantinos , Tsivgoulis Georgios 
Published: April 2017

Objective—
Although statin pretreatment (SP) is associated with better outcomes in patients with acute cerebral ischemia after an ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack, data on the underlying mechanism of this beneficial effect are limited.

Approach and Results—

We sought to evaluate the potential association between SP and microembolic signal (MES) burden in acute cerebral ischemia because of large artery atherosclerosis (LAA). We prospectively evaluated consecutive patients with first-ever acute cerebral ischemia because of LAA in 3 tertiary stroke centers over a 2-year period. All patients underwent continuous 1-hour transcranial Doppler monitoring of the relevant vessel at baseline (≤24 hours). SP was recorded and dichotomized as high dose or low-to-moderate dose. SP was documented in 43 (41%) of 106 LAA patients (mean age, 65.4±10.3 years; 72% men; low-to-moderate dose, 32%; high dose, 8%). There was a significant (
P
=0.022) dose-dependent effect between SP and MES prevalence: no SP (37%), SP with low-to-moderate dose (18%), and SP with high dose (0%). Similarly, a significant (
P
=0.045) dose-dependent effect was documented between SP and MES burden: no SP (1.1±1.8), SP with low-to-moderate dose (0.7±1.6), and SP with high dose (0±0). In multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusting for demographics, vascular risk factors, location of LAA, stroke severity, and other prevention therapies, SP was associated with lower likelihood of MES presence (odds ratio, 0.29; 95% confidence interval, 0.09–0.92;
P
=0.036). In addition, SP was found also to be independently related to higher odds of functional improvement (common odds ratio, 3.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–10.0;
P
=0.037).

Conclusions—
We found that SP in patients with acute LAA is related with reduced MES presence and lower MES burden with an apparently dose-dependent association.
Foehnlike Wind with a Traditional Foehn Effect plus Dry-Diabatic Heating from the Ground Surface Contributing to High Temperatures at the End of a Leeward Area
Authors: Takane Yuya , Kondo Hiroaki , Kusaka Hiroyuki , Katagi Jin , Nagafuchi Osamu , Nakazawa Koyomi , Kaneyasu Naoki , Miyakami Yoshihiro 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA foehn wind is an important factor in the occurrence of many extreme high-temperature events in geographically complex regions. In this study, the authors verified the hypothesis that a foehnlike wind contributes to high temperatures at the end of the leeward (eastward) area using three difference approaches: field experiments, numerical experiments, and statistical analyses. According to the hypothesis, a foehnlike wind has the features of the sum of a traditional foehn effect with adiabatic heating, plus dry-diabatic heating from the ground surface along the fetch of the wind. Field experiments conducted at seven observational points on Nobi Plain, Japan, where a mesoscale westerly wind blew, revealed that the westerly wind clearly had the features of a traditional foehn effect in the western part of the Nobi Plain. In addition to field experiments, a simplified estimate using a simple mixed-layer model demonstrated that the wind was further heated by dry-diabatic heating (sensible heat supply) from the ground surface along the fetch (especially in urbanized areas in the eastern region of the Nobi Plain) of the wind. This diabatic heating effect along the fetch of the wind on the high temperature at the end of the leeward area was also supported by both additional numerical experiments and a statistical analysis. These results proved that the hypothesis is correct and indicated that ground conditions and the land use and land cover in the windward area were strongly related to air temperature at the end of the leeward area, where an extremely high temperature was observed.