bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food scares: a comprehensive categorisation
Authors: Whitworth Elizabeth , Druckman Angela , Woodward Amy 
Published: December 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the development of a comprehensive categorisation of food scares.Design/methodology/approachFollowing an initial desktop study, the categorisation was developed collaboratively with industry experts through a workshop and series of semi-structured interviews.FindingsThe new categorisation developed is in Venn diagram format allowing overlapping categories. It is organised around the two major types of contamination (biological, and chemical/physical contaminants) and the two major causes of contamination (wilful deception, and transparency and awareness issues).Practical implicationsThe long and complex supply chains characteristic of current food production systems have resulted in a rising number of food scares. There is thus an increased emphasis on developing strategies to reduce both the number of incidents of food scares, and their associated economic, social and environmental impacts. The new categorisation developed in this study enables experts to address categories of food scares. Inclusion of the cause of contamination is particularly important as the method through which contamination occurs is key in devising food scare prevention strategies.Originality/valueThe new categorisation, unlike previous categorisations, enables food scares to fall into multiple categories, as appropriate. Also, again in contrast to previous categorisations, it takes into account not only the physical problem of a food scare but also the mechanism through which it arises.
Study on FT-MIR spectra of ghee (anhydrous milk fat)
Authors: Antony Bency , Sharma Saurabh , Mehta Bhavbhuti Manojbhai , Ratnam K. , Aparnathi K.D. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
Ghee, anhydrous milk fat, is chemically highly complex in nature. The authentication and characterization of edible fats and oils by routine chemical methods are highly laborious and time consuming. Fourier transform-mid-infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy has emerged as a predominant analytical tool in the study of edible fats/oils. However, sufficient attention has not been paid so far to spectral characterization of milk fat obtained from cow and buffalo milk. The purpose of this paper is to fill this void.

Design/methodology/approach
Ghee samples were prepared from cow and buffalo milk by the direct cream method. From each type of milk (cow and buffalo), 35 samples of ghee were prepared; thus, in total, 70 samples of ghee were obtained for the study. For assigning absorption bands in the IR spectrum, spectra of cow and buffalo ghee samples were acquired in the MIR region (4,000-650 cm−1).

Findings
In FT-MIR spectra of ghee, 14 peaks were obtained at different positions and with varying intensities. They were at 3,005, 2,922, 2,853, 1,744, 1,466, 1,418, 1,377, 1,236, 1,161, 1,114, 1,098, 966, 870 and 721 cm−1 for cow and buffalo ghee with almost equal intensity of absorption.

Practical implications
The finding of this study will be useful for characterization and authentication of ghee.

Originality/value
Application of IR spectral bands of ghee in the MIR region using a FT-infrared spectrometer to monitor the quality of ghee is suggested.
A conceptual understanding of criminality and integrity challenges in food supply chains
Authors: Fassam Liam , Dani Samir 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
Business, consumers and governmental organisations are harbouring a growing need to gain an appreciation of behaviours connected to food criminality. In order to acquire a cross-functional understanding of these thematic areas (crime and fraud) the mapping of existing research is needed. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper contributes to the process of knowledge understanding, by systematically reviewing literature to provide an analysis of the current body of business knowledge against the thematic criterion of “supply chain food crime” and “supply chain food fraud”. The analysis derives themes from the literature and maps this across the eight pillars underpinning the UK Government paper on food supply chain resilience.

Findings
A distinct gap lies with the eight pillars of food supply chain resilience, business interest into supply chain criminality and academic research into the field. There are noteworthy gaps when the literature is analysed to that of the UK Government report.

Research limitations/implications
The limitation of the study was its focus on business-only journals; a plethora of literature resides in the science field (e.g. testing) that has not made its way to business text.

Practical implications
Drawing inference between business research and the government report, clear identification and tangible research areas can be immediately exploited to align cross-functional thinking.

Social implications
The gap of consumer is not as yet addressed in this field, this research contributes originally to this gap and the need to address the same for societal benefit.

Originality/value
The paper concentrates on the metrics know to contribute to “food crime” and “food fraud” and deviating views of academic vs non-academic literature. In conclusion the paper identifies thematic areas for further research and presents a conceptual framework of food supply chain resilience.
The Sino-Brazilian beef supply chain: mapping and risk detection
Authors: Knoll Susanne , Marques Cristiane Soares Simon , Liu Jiacheng , Zhong Funing , Padula Antônio Domingos , Jardim Barcellos Júlio Otávio 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The flow of the Sino-Brazilian frozen beef trade has intensified. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to characterize the supply chain structure, and identify its major fragilities.

Design/methodology/approach
Supply chain mapping was conducted based on the existing literature and primary data collection. Key stakeholders were detected and questioned through semi-structured interviews, which were later interpreted with content analysis.

Findings
The results reveal a low degree of chain coordination from the Brazilian farm to the Chinese consumer, arising from an immature traceability mechanism, a limited flow of reliable information between the segments, and low trust between the stakeholders.

Research limitations/implications
The infancy of the beef trade, the paucity of literature on the topic, and restricted accessibility to key governmental and official materials imposes limits on the available information. Language and cultural barriers might have also impacted the interviewees’ responses. However, the participation of Brazilian and Chinese academics in both the interview analysis and chain mapping mitigates these shortcomings.

Practical implications
The Brazilian public and private sectors need to establish a reliable traceability system and information platform. This, together with investments in marketing and branding, would facilitate differential responses among traders and consumers, and, hence, improve supply chain sustainability.

Originality/value
By adopting an inter-country approach and directly sourcing views from specific key figures in the supply chain this study offers some unique insights and contributes to the literature on the emergence of a multi-polar global food trade.
How start-ups successfully organize and manage open innovation with large companies
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Vanhaverbeke Wim 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
Open innovation in start-ups is a relatively unexplored field and studies focusing on collaborative innovation between start-ups with large companies seen from the former’s point of view are virtually inexistent. The authors address this gap in an exploratory study built on in-depth case studies. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how start-ups successfully organize and manage open innovation with large companies. The paper highlights common challenges and barriers faced by start-ups in adopting open innovation practices along with its benefits for them.

Design/methodology/approach
This is an exploratory study based on two case studies. The cases are diligently selected to examine two key forms of open innovation – inbound and outbound open innovation – in start-ups.

Findings
The paper provides an insight on how start-ups organize and manage open innovation activities with large companies and how it benefits them in overcoming liability of newness and smallness. The practices significantly differ from those followed in large companies. The paper highlights the advantages and challenges of inbound and outbound open innovation for start-ups. This paper also ascertains the crucial role of start-up manager for successful implementation of open innovation and shows how start-up’s managers with prior experience of working in/with a large company can proficiently deal with the larger counterpart in the innovation network.

Research limitations/implications
This research is based on exploratory case studies so the conclusions drawn from these two cases may be hard to generalize. The findings of the study could be used for further development of the theoretical framework. Future research, including quantitative studies, will be helpful in examining the conclusions and providing more in-depth understanding of open innovation in start-ups.

Practical implications
The paper includes several practical implications for the managers including the role start-up managers play in organizing and managing open innovation activities. Furthermore, this paper suggests how start-ups could orchestrate open innovation ecosystem.

Originality/value
The paper is a step forward in filling the literature gap about open innovation and start-ups with some definite implications for start-up managers. A lot is written about the collaboration between large firms and start-ups from a former’s point of view but the start-up’s perspective has been left unexplored.
“Stories behind their hands”: the creative and collective “actionist” work of girls of color
Authors: Butler Tamara T. 
Published: December 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to highlight how young people engage in social justice work. This study is guided by the following question: how do students engage in the social justice work of storytelling through art?Design/methodology/approachThe title stems from a conversation the researcher had with the four female students about whether they identified themselves as activists. After the students collectively agreed that they did not align with the term “activist”, they continued to grapple with definitions of the word and discussed other terms to describe themselves. The conversation is one of many that emerged from a three-year qualitative research project that focused on youth activism, which included a one-year critical narrative inquiry into a ninth-grade Humanities classroom.FindingsThis paper positions the artwork as activism, in that the girls embedded multiple narratives into their art to portray a complex narrative about the realities of sex trafficking in their community.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper will conclude with implications that focus on the importance of blurring the boundaries between classrooms and communities, cultivating spaces for young people to develop an activist stance and working alongside youth as they compose political–personal stories about injustice, inequality and inequities in their fights for social change.Originality/valueThis paper offers a unique discussion of artmaking (collective biography) as a form of socially just youth literacy. As such, interstitial literacies become the acts of speaking, reading, writing and being that youth/students create and engage in as they move between classrooms and communities.
Community responsive literacies: the development of the Ethnic Studies Praxis Story Plot
Authors: Curammeng Edward R. , Lopez Daisy D. , Tintiangco-Cubales Allyson 
Published: December 2016

PurposeMomentum around the institutionalization of Ethnic Studies in US K-12 classrooms is increasing. Opponents have argued that Ethnic Studies does not challenge students academically and prepare them for high stakes testing (Planas, 2012; Sanchez, 2007). Conversely, research continues to show ways Ethnic Studies contribute to students’ academic achievement, especially for students from marginalized and vulnerable communities (Cabrera et al., 2014; Halagao, 2010; Tintiangco-Cubales et al., 2015). This study aims to demonstrate the possibilities and potential of Ethnic Studies-framed tools for English and Language arts teachers. This moment concerning Ethnic Studies in schools illuminates an important opportunity to demonstrate how Ethnic Studies-framed tools positively affect learning mainstream school content, namely, English and Language Arts. The authors consider the following point: To what extent can Ethnic Studies-framed tools affect approaches for learning English, writing and reading while simultaneously being responsive to a community’s needs? The authors maintain the importance of such tools that exist in how they support the development of community responsive literacies (CRLs).Design/methodology/approachThis paper examines CRLs through the Ethnic Studies Praxis Story Plot (ESPSP). The authors begin by exploring the development of the ESPSP, first used in Pin@y Educational Partnerships (PEP), an innovative K-college Ethnic Studies teaching pipeline. Next, the authors examine each coordinate of the ESPSP, examining their purpose, theoretical underpinnings and ways the ESPSP offers nuanced approaches for learning literacies.FindingsThe authors then discuss how CRLs emerged to support PEP teachers and students’ reading and writing skills using the ESPSP.Originality/valueFinally, the authors learn from students’ experiences with the ESPSP and offer implications for English and Language Arts teachers in the pursuit of teaching and serving students in more socially just and community responsive ways.
Participatory culture meets critical practice
Authors: Scharber Cassandra , Isaacson Kris , Pyscher Tracey , Lewis Cynthia 
Published: December 2016

PurposeThis paper aims to closely examine the features of an urban community-based learning program to highlight the synergy between its educational technology, literate practices and social justice ethos that impact youths’ learning and documentary filmmaking. This examination of a learning setting illuminates the “what is possible” and “how it comes to be possible” (Gomezet al., 2014, p. 10), illustrating possibilities for youths’ tech-mediated literacies to facilitate, support and extend engagement in social justice.Design/methodology/approachGrounded in the theoretical and analytical concept of activity theory, this study uses qualitative methods and activity systems analysis. Observations are the primary data source coupled with a detailed activity analysis supported by artifacts, images and interviews. Program participants included 12 youth, 2 youth mentors, 1 adult coordinator and 1 adult facilitator.FindingsFindings illustrate that all subjects (participants) in the program co-created and shaped the activity system’s object (or purpose). Analyses also reveal the ways in which the program enables and empowers youth through its development of participatory literacy practices that “can facilitate learning, empowerment, and civic action” (Jenkinset al., 2016).Originality/valueOverall, this study is a contribution to the field as it responds to the need for close examinations of complex technology-mediated learning settings “through the lens of equity and opportunity” (Itoet al., 2013).
Through children’s eyes
Authors: Bascuñán Daniela 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore young students' perceptions about the impacts of Indian residential schools. A hopeful era of reconciliation has been ushered in to confront the injustices committed to approximately 150,000 indigenous children and youth in Canada’s Indian residential schools in the not-so-distant past. Of these children, there were at least 6,000 recorded deaths; those who survived, faced the devastating impacts of forced assimilation. In the spirit of making “relation to and with the past, opening us to a reconsideration of the terms of our lives now as well as in the future” (Simon, 2006, p. 189), the author invited eight- and nine-year-olds to depict their thoughts about Indian residential schools.

Design/methodology/approach
A practitioner inquiry stance was used in this study. This approach takes into account that teachers are uniquely positioned to carry out highly contextualized classroom research. The data include a documentary analysis, observations of students’ work and short interview-like prompts. The data also included stimulated recall using student-participant responses to elicit feelings, thoughts, attitudes and beliefs (Freeman, 1998). A collaborative approach to the data analysis“engaging the author’s own and students’ interpretations of their work”allowed for a range of perspectives that address representativeness (Cornish et al., 2014).

Findings
Students’ representations reveal that even young children engage in political thought by understanding governance structures that are impinged upon young lives in Indian residential schools. The students in this study positioned themselves as “cultural citizens” (Kuttner, 2015) by contributing compelling ideas on power, relationships, displacement, assimilation and identity, in their mixed media texts. Rather than reducing what they had learned only to questions of oppression, they proposed possibilities of living a more ethical present by including teachings about living more ethically than those that have come before them.

Originality/value
This work aims to deepen decolonizing possibilities in classroom research, particularly in elementary classrooms.
Impact of Enroll America on the Number of Individuals Covered through the Federally Facilitated Marketplace
Authors: Orzol Sean , Hula Lauren 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveTo assess the impact of Enroll America's field outreach activities on the number of individuals enrolled in Marketplace coverage during the first open enrollment period.Data Sources/Study SettingMarketplace enrollment for the initial open enrollment period linked with data on Enroll America's field activities and baseline local‐area demographic, economic, and health services characteristics.Study DesignWe used a quasi‐experimental design, comparing Marketplace enrollment during the first open enrollment period in local areas drawn from Enroll America field states to a comparison group of local areas drawn from states that were not served by Enroll America's field effort, but that otherwise match up well with Enroll America states.Principal FindingsWe find evidence of a large, positive effect of Enroll America's field outreach on Marketplace enrollment in non‐Medicaid expansion states. Across model specifications, the Enroll America effects on Marketplace enrollment ranged between 10 and 15 percent, with most estimates statistically significant at the 5 percent level.ConclusionsEnroll America played an important role in the success of individual states' efforts to boost Marketplace enrollment. Enroll American's evidence‐driven, grassroots approach could serve as a model for others interested in conducting similar outreach campaigns for Affordable Care Act–related coverage.
Characteristics and Frequency of Chipping Effects in Near‐Contact Gunshot Wounds
Authors: Amadasi Alberto , Mazzarelli Debora , Merli Daniele , Brandone Alberto , Cattaneo Cristina 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe presence of “chipping” or “flaking” around the edges of gunshot entry wounds has been described among the characteristics of gunshot wounds in bone. In this study, the real frequency of such a peculiar feature was investigated. The presence of “chipping” was assessed on 22 gunshot wounds fired at a near‐contact range on bovine ribs with 9‐mm bullets. As controls, five samples were shot with a 3 cm range, and five from 40 cm. In 77% of cases shot at near‐contact range, a detachment of small fragments of the upper layers of bone was detected, mainly with a circumferential disposition, whereas this feature was lacking in control samples. The study demonstrated the frequency of “chipping” and that it may probably be due to a combined ballistic effect of impact of the bullet itself and expansion of gases. It may be thus considered indicative of close‐range shots.
Protective effects of low‐dose rosuvastatin on isoproterenol‐induced chronic heart failure in rats by regulation of DDAH‐ADMA‐NO pathway
Authors: Zhou Ru , Ma Ping , Xiong Aiqin , Xu Yehua , Wang Yang , Xu Qingbin 
Published: December 2016

SummaryAimsCardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death with high morbidity and mortality, and chronic heart failure is the terminal phase of it. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of the low‐dose rosuvastatin on isoproterenol‐induced chronic heart failure and to explore the possible related mechanisms.MethodsMale Sprague Dawley rats were given isoproterenol 5 mg/kg once a day for 7 days to establish heart failure model by subcutaneous injection. Simultaneously, low‐dose rosuvastatin (5 mg/kg) was orally administrated from day 1 to day 14. Protective effects were evaluated by hemodynamic parameter, histopathological variables, serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and myocardial nitric oxide (NO), and the levels of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2 (DDAH2), arginine methyltransferases 1 (PRMT1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression were analyzed.ResultsTherapeutic rosuvastatin (5 mg/kg) significantly attenuated isoproterenol‐induced hypertrophy, remodeling and dysfunction of ventricle, reduced the increased serum content of ADMA, cTnI, and BNP, and elevated myocardial NO in rats (P<.05). Besides, rosuvastatin also significantly inhibited fibrosis of myocardium, normalized the increased PRMT1 and decreased DDAH2 expression.ConclusionsLow‐dose rosuvastatin exerted cardioprotective effects on isoproterenol‐induced heart failure in rats by modulating DDAH‐ADMA‐NO pathway, and it may present the new therapeutic value in ameliorating chronic heart failure.
How might normative and mimetic pressures improve local government service performance reporting?
Authors: Keerasuntonpong Prae , Cordery Carolyn 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIncreasingly, public sector organisations are being encouraged or required to provide service performance information in addition to financial statements. Yet, reporting is often inferior, as shown by this example of local governments in New Zealand. Poor quality reporting has led to different initiatives to improve service performance reporting quality, and this study investigates the effectiveness of three initiatives undertaken by the Auditor‐General. Drawing on contemporary institutional and legitimacy theories, we find that normative pressure in tandem with threats to legitimacy is influential in improving service performance reporting. However, despite mimetic examples also being used, the analysis shows it is an ineffective tool in the New Zealand local government context.