bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased sympathetic nerve activity and reduced cardiac baroreflex sensitivity in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Adlan Ahmed M. , Paton Julian F. R. , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Kitas George D. , Fisher James P. 
Published: August 2016

Key points
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality.
Increased sympathetic nerve activity and reduced cardiac baroreflex sensitivity heighten cardiovascular risk, althogh whether such autonomic dysfunction is present in RA is not known.
In the present study, we observed an increased sympathetic nerve activity and reduced cardiac baroreflex sensitivity in patients with RA compared to matched controls.
Pain was positively correlated with sympathetic nerve activity and negatively correlated with cardiac baroreflex sensitivity.
The pattern of autonomic dysfunction that we describe may help to explain the increased cardiovascular risk in RA, and raises the possibility that optimizing pain management may resolve autonomic dysfunction in RA.
AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity/mortality and an incompletely understood pathophysiology. In animal studies, central and blood borne inflammatory cytokines that can be elevated in RA evoke pathogenic increases in sympathetic activity and reductions in baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). We hypothesized that muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) was increased and BRS decreased in RA. MSNA, blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were recorded in age‐ and sex‐matched RA‐normotensive (n = 13), RA‐hypertensive patients (RA‐HTN; n = 17), normotensive (NC; n = 17) and hypertensive controls (HTN; n = 16). BRS was determined using the modified Oxford technique. Inflammation and pain were determined using serum high sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) and a visual analogue scale (VAS), respectively. MSNA was elevated similarly in RA, RA‐HTN and HTN patients (32 ± 9, 35 ± 14, 37 ± 8 bursts min–1) compared to NC (22 ± 9 bursts min–1; P = 0.004). Sympathetic BRS was similar between groups (P = 0.927), whereas cardiac BRS (cBRS) was reduced in RA, RA‐HTN and HTN patients [5(3–8), 4 (2–7), 6 (4–9) ms mmHg–1] compared to NC [11 (8–15) ms mmHg–1; P = 0.002]. HR was independently associated with hs‐CRP. Increased MSNA and reduced cBRS were associated with hs‐CRP although confounded in multivariable analysis. VAS was independently associated with MSNA burst frequency, cBRS and HR. We provide the first evidence for heightened sympathetic outflow and reduced cBRS in RA that can be independent of hypertension. In RA patients, reported pain was positively correlated with MSNA and negatively correlated with cBRS. Future studies should assess whether therapies to ameliorate pain and inflammation in RA restores autonomic balance and reduces cardiovascular events.
Design and testing of a phantom and instrumented gynecological applicator based on GaN dosimeter for use in high dose rate brachytherapy quality assurance
Authors: Guiral P. , Ribouton J. , Jalade P. , Wang R. , Galvan J.‐M. , Lu G.‐N. , Pittet P. , Rivoire A. , Gindraux L. 
Published: August 2016

Purpose:High dose rate brachytherapy (HDR‐BT) is widely used to treat gynecologic, anal, prostate, head, neck, and breast cancers. These treatments are typically administered in large dose per fraction (>5 Gy) and with high‐gradient‐dose‐distributions, with serious consequences in case of a treatment delivery error (e.g., on dwell position and dwell time). Thus, quality assurance (QA) or quality control (QC) should be systematically and independently implemented. This paper describes the design and testing of a phantom and an instrumented gynecological applicator for pretreatment QA and in vivo QC, respectively.Methods:The authors have designed a HDR‐BT phantom equipped with four GaN‐based dosimeters. The authors have also instrumented a commercial multichannel HDR‐BT gynecological applicator by rigid incorporation of four GaN‐based dosimeters in four channels. Specific methods based on the four GaN dosimeter responses are proposed for accurate determination of dwell time and dwell position inside phantom or applicator. The phantom and the applicator have been tested for HDR‐BT QA in routine over two different periods: 29 and 15 days, respectively. Measurements in dwell position and time are compared to the treatment plan. A modified position–time gamma index is used to monitor the quality of treatment delivery.Results:The HDR‐BT phantom and the instrumented applicator have been used to determine more than 900 dwell positions over the different testing periods. The errors between the planned and measured dwell positions are 0.11 ± 0.70 mm (1σ) and 0.01 ± 0.42 mm (1σ), with the phantom and the applicator, respectively. The dwell time errors for these positions do not exhibit significant bias, with a standard deviation of less than 100 ms for both systems. The modified position–time gamma index sets a threshold, determining whether the treatment run passes or fails. The error detectability of their systems has been evaluated through tests on intentionally introduced error protocols. With a detection threshold of 0.7 mm, the error detection rate on dwell position is 22% at 0.5 mm, 96% at 1 mm, and 100% at and beyond 1.5 mm. On dwell time with a dwell time threshold of 0.1 s, it is 90% at 0.2 s and 100% at and beyond 0.3 s.Conclusions:The proposed HDR‐BT phantom and instrumented applicator have been tested and their main characteristics have been evaluated. These systems perform unsupervised measurements and analysis without prior treatment plan information. They allow independent verification of dwell position and time with accuracy of measurements comparable with other similar systems reported in the literature.
Genome Sequence of Jumbo Phage vB_AbaM_ME3 of
Acinetobacter baumanni
Authors: Buttimer Colin , O'sullivan Lisa , Elbreki Mohamed , Neve Horst , McAuliffe Olivia , Ross R. Paul , Hill Colin , O'Mahony Jim , Coffey Aidan 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Bacteriophage (phage) vB_AbaM_ME3 was previously isolated from wastewater effluent using the propagating host
Acinetobacter baumannii
DSM 30007. The full genome was sequenced, revealing it to be the largest
Acinetobacter
bacteriophage sequenced to date with a size of 234,900 bp and containing 326 open reading frames (ORFs).
Draft Genome Sequences of
Acinetobacter baumannii
Isolates from Wounded Military Personnel
Authors: Arivett Brock A. , Ream Dave C. , Fiester Steven E. , Kidane Destaalem , Actis Luis A. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Acinetobacter baumannii
is a Gram-negative bacterium capable of causing hospital-acquired infections that has been grouped with
Enterococcus faecium
,
Staphylococcus aureus
,
Klebsiella pneumoniae
,
Acinetobacter baumannii
,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
, and
Enterobacter
species as ESKAPE pathogens because of their extensive drug resistance phenotypes and increasing risk to human health. Twenty-four multidrug-resistant
A. baumannii
strains isolated from wounded military personnel were sequenced and annotated.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Aureocin A53–Producing Strain
Staphylococcus aureus
A53
Authors: Santos Olinda Cabral Silva , Duarte Andreza Freitas Souza , Albano Rodolpho Mattos , Bastos Maria Carmo Freire 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the 2,658,363-bp draft genome sequence of the aureocin A53–producing strain
Staphylococcus aureus
A53. This genome information may contribute to the optimal and rational exploitation of aureocin A53 as an antimicrobial agent and to its production in large scale.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Streptomyces parvulus
2297, Integrating Site-Specifically with Actinophage R4
Authors: Nishizawa Tomoyasu , Miura Takamasa , Harada Chizuko , Guo Yong , Narisawa Kazuhiko , Ohta Hiroyuki , Takahashi Hideo , Shirai Makoto 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Streptomyces parvulus
2297, which is a host for site-specific recombination according to actinophage R4, is derived from the type strain ATCC 12434. Species of
S. parvulus
are known as producers of polypeptide antibiotic actinomycins and have been considered for industrial applications. We herein report for the first time the complete genome sequence of
S. parvulus
2297.
Genome Sequence of a
Lactococcus lactis
Strain Isolated from Salmonid Intestinal Microbiota
Authors: Opazo Rafael , Gajardo Felipe , Ruiz Mauricio , Romero Jaime 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Lactococcus lactis
is a common inhabitant of the intestinal microbiota of salmonids, especially those in aquaculture systems. Here, we present a genome sequence of a
Lactococcus lactis
strain isolated from the intestinal contents of rainbow trout reared in Chile.
São Paulo em Super 8
Authors: Cruz Rafael 
Published: August 2016

Consolidado como importante espaço de difusão artístico e cultural, e percursor da produção audiovisual em Super 8mm na cidade de São Paulo nas décadas de 70 e 80, o Grupo de Realizadores Independentes de Filmes Experimentais, o GRIFE, foi fruto do encontro de Maria Luiza de Alencar, com o cineasta Abrão Berman. Malu, co-fundadora do grupo, relata sua experiência no ensino e produção com a nova bitola.
A second record of Knipowitschia byblisia Ahnelt, 2011 (Teleostei: Perciformes: Gobiidae) from southwestern Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Ahnelt H. 
Published: August 2016

Knipowitschia byblisia Ahnelt, 2011 is only known from the single record from the small coastal brackish lake Köycegiz, Turkey. The present record from a brook in the city of Marmaris (Province Mugla, southwestern Turkey) is the second record of this dwarf goby. This is the western most record of this species, the first outside of the Köycegiz-Dalyan watershed and the first from fresh waters.
Pollination ecology and fruiting behavior of Pavetta indica L. (Rubiaceae), a keystone shrub species in the southern Eastern Ghats forest, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Raju A.J. Solomon , Rao M. Mallikarjuna , Ramana K. Venkata , Rao C. Prasada , Sulakshana M. 
Published: August 2016

Pavetta indica is a massive bloomer for a brief period in May. The flowers are hermaphroditic, strikingly protandrous, self and cross-compatible, nectariferous and psychophilous. They possess secondary pollen presentation mechanism as a device to avoid autonomous autogamy but it does not prevent geitonogamy. The fruit set largely occurs through geitonogamy and xenogamy. Butterflies, especially papilionids, pierids, nymphalids, and sphingid hawk moth pollinate the flowers while collecting nectar. Honey bees and blue-banded digger bees feed on pollen and effect only accidental pollination. The nectar is sucrose-rich and contains essential and non-essential amino acids. Birds are seed dispersal agents. Seeds are non-dormant and germinate readily during rainy season but their continued growth and establishment is subject to the availability of soil moisture and nutrients. The plant is not able to populate itself in its natural area. The local uses of different parts of the plant have been found to be affecting its reproductive success and natural regeneration rate. Therefore, regulation of the uses of this plant is recommended for its survival and restoration of its population size in the natural areas due to its role as a keystone species for bees and butterflies during dry season.
Range extension of Heliogomphus lyratus Fraser, 1933 (Anisoptera: Gomphidae) with notes on its identification, habits and habitat
Authors: Sumanapala Amila P. , Jayasinghe Himesh D. 
Published: August 2016

Heliogomphus lyratus is a Sri Lankan endemic dragonfly. It is one of the rarest Sri Lankan dragonflies with only three hitherto known localities. Apart from the faunistic records of the species, nothing much is known of its biology or ecology. We report five new distribution localities for Heliogomphus lyratus with seven different observations. All these new localities extend the previously known range of the species. We also provide some notes on its field identification, habits and habitat based on our field observations.
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α in Smooth Muscle Cells Protects Against Aortic Aneurysms—Brief Report
Authors: Imanishi Masaki , Chiba Yoichi , Tomita Noriko , Matsunaga Shinji , Nakagawa Toshitaka , Ueno Masaki , Yamamoto Kazuhiro , Tamaki Toshiaki , Tomita Shuhei 
Published: August 2016

Objective—
The purpose of this study was to determine the role of smooth muscle cell–derived hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (Hif-1α) in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysms.

Approach and Results—
Control mice and smooth muscle cell–specific hypoxia-inducible factor-1α–deficient mice were infused with β-aminopropionitrile for 2 weeks and angiotensin II for 6 weeks to induce aortic aneurysm formation. Mutant mice experienced increased levels of aneurysm formation of the thoracic or abdominal aorta with more severe elastin disruption, compared with control mice. Smooth muscle cell–specific hypoxia-inducible factor-1α deficiency did not affect matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity; however, the activity of lysyl oxidase and the levels of tropoelastin mRNA in the angiotensin II– and β-aminopropionitrile–treated aortae, associated with elastin fiber formation, were suppressed. Furthermore, we observed reduced volumes of mature cross-linked elastin in the thoracoabdominal aorta after treatment with angiotensin II and β-aminopropionitrile.

Conclusions—
Deficiency of smooth muscle cell–derived hypoxia-inducible factor-1α augments aortic aneurysms, accompanied by disruption of elastin fiber formation, but not changes of elastin fiber degradation.
Simulated Sensitivity of Tropical Cyclone Size and Structure to the Atmospheric Temperature Profile
Authors: Stovern Diana R. , Ritchie Elizabeth A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis study uses the WRF ARW to investigate how different atmospheric temperature environments impact the size and structure development of a simulated tropical cyclone (TC). In each simulation, the entire vertical virtual temperature profile is either warmed or cooled in 1°C increments from an initial specified state while the initial relative humidity profile and sea surface temperature are held constant. This alters the initial amount of convective available potential energy (CAPE), specific humidity, and air–sea temperature difference such that, when the simulated atmosphere is cooled (warmed), the initial specific humidity and CAPE decrease (increase), but the surface energy fluxes from the ocean increase (decrease).It is found that the TCs that form in an initially cooler environment develop larger wind and precipitation fields with more active outer-core rainband formation. Consistent with previous studies, outer-core rainband formation is associated with high surface energy fluxes, which leads to increases in the outer-core wind field. A larger convective field develops despite initializing in a low CAPE environment, and the dynamics are linked to a wider field of surface radial inflow. As the TC matures and radial inflow expands, large imports of relative angular momentum in the boundary layer continue to drive expansion of the TC’s overall size.
Dynamical Downscaling of the Climate for the Hawaiian Islands. Part II: Projection for the Late Twenty-First Century
Authors: Zhang Chunxi , Wang Yuqing , Hamilton Kevin , Lauer Axel 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA 20-yr simulation with a fine-resolution regional atmospheric model for projected late twenty-first-century conditions in Hawaii is presented. The pseudo-global-warming method is employed, and the boundary conditions are based on a multimodel mean of projections made with global coupled models run with a moderate greenhouse gas emissions scenario. Results show that surface air temperature over land increases ~2°–4°C with the greatest warming at the highest topographic heights. A modest tendency for the warming to be larger on the leeward sides of the major islands is also apparent. Climatological rainfall is projected to change up to ~25% at many locations. The currently wet windward sides of the major islands will have more clouds and receive more rainfall, while the currently dry leeward sides will generally have even less clouds and rainfall. The average trade wind inversion–base height and the mean marine boundary layer cloud heights are projected to exhibit only small changes. However, the frequency of days with clearly defined trade wind inversions is predicted to increase substantially (~83% to ~91%). The extreme rainfall events are projected to increase significantly. An analysis of the model’s moisture budget in the lower troposphere shows that the increased mean rainfall on the windward sides of the islands is largely attributable to increased boundary layer moisture in the warmer climate. Rainfall changes attributable to mean low-level circulation changes are modest in comparison.
The Large-Scale Ocean Dynamical Effect on Uncertainty in the Tropical Pacific SST Warming Pattern in CMIP5 Models
Authors: Ying Jun , Huang Ping 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This study investigates how intermodel differences in large-scale ocean dynamics affect the tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) warming (TPSW) pattern under global warming, as projected by 32 models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). The largest cause of intermodel TPSW differences is related to the cloud–radiation feedback. After removing the effect of cloud–radiation feedback, the authors find that differences in ocean advection play the next largest role, explaining around 14% of the total intermodel variance in TPSW. Of particular importance are differences in climatological zonal overturning circulation among the models. With the robust enhancement of ocean stratification across models, models with relatively strong climatological upwelling tend to have relatively weak SST warming in the eastern Pacific. Meanwhile, the pronounced intermodel differences in ocean overturning changes contribute little to uncertainty in the TPSW pattern. The intermodel differences in climatological zonal overturning are found to be associated with the intermodel spread in climatological SST. In most CMIP5 models, there is a common cold tongue associated with an overly strong overturning in the climatology simulation, implying a La Niña–like bias in the TPSW pattern projected by the MME of the CMIP5 models. This provides further evidence for the projection that the TPSW pattern should be closer to an El Niño–like pattern than the MME projection.
Building a Multimodel Flood Prediction System with the TIGGE Archive
Authors: Zsótér Ervin , Pappenberger Florian , Smith Paul , Emerton Rebecca Elizabeth , Dutra Emanuel , Wetterhall Fredrik , Richardson David , Bogner Konrad , Balsamo Gianpaolo 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
In the last decade operational probabilistic ensemble flood forecasts have become common in supporting decision-making processes leading to risk reduction. Ensemble forecasts can assess uncertainty, but they are limited to the uncertainty in a specific modeling system. Many of the current operational flood prediction systems use a multimodel approach to better represent the uncertainty arising from insufficient model structure. This study presents a multimodel approach to building a global flood prediction system using multiple atmospheric reanalysis datasets for river initial conditions and multiple TIGGE forcing inputs to the ECMWF land surface model. A sensitivity study is carried out to clarify the effect of using archive ensemble meteorological predictions and uncoupled land surface models. The probabilistic discharge forecasts derived from the different atmospheric models are compared with those from the multimodel combination. The potential for further improving forecast skill by bias correction and Bayesian model averaging is examined. The results show that the impact of the different TIGGE input variables in the HTESSEL/Catchment-Based Macroscale Floodplain model (CaMa-Flood) setup is rather limited other than for precipitation. This provides a sufficient basis for evaluation of the multimodel discharge predictions. The results also highlight that the three applied reanalysis datasets have different error characteristics that allow for large potential gains with a multimodel combination. It is shown that large improvements to the forecast performance for all models can be achieved through appropriate statistical postprocessing (bias and spread correction). A simple multimodel combination generally improves the forecasts, while a more advanced combination using Bayesian model averaging provides further benefits.
Heterogeneous incidence and propagation of spreading depolarizations
Authors: Kaufmann Dan , Theriot Jeremy J , Zyuzin Jekaterina , Service C Austin , Chang Joshua C , Tang Y Tanye , Bogdanov Vladimir B , Multon Sylvie , Schoenen Jean , Ju Y Sungtaek , Brennan KC 
Published: August 2016

Spreading depolarizations are implicated in a diverse set of neurologic diseases. They are unusual forms of nervous system activity in that they propagate very slowly and approximately concentrically, apparently not respecting the anatomic, synaptic, functional, or vascular architecture of the brain. However, there is evidence that spreading depolarizations are not truly concentric, isotropic, or homogeneous, either in space or in time. Here we present evidence from KCl-induced spreading depolarizations, in mouse and rat, in vivo and in vitro, showing the great variability that these depolarizations can exhibit. This variability can help inform the mechanistic understanding of spreading depolarizations, and it has implications for their phenomenology in neurologic disease.
A best space for assisted wheelchair users
Authors: Abraham Brian , Davidson Rob I 
Published: August 2016

Introduction Occupational therapists lack manual-handling sensitive tools to assist individual adaptation specifications for assisted wheelchair users, for example, corridor-room turns for extra-long wheelchairs. Method Engineering-based methods identified an experimental set-up. This provided a useful representation of possible manoeuvres in five tasks and proposed a turn difficulty order. Experienced wheelchair assistants ( n = 22) selected their maximum comfortable wheelchair weight for each turn. Results Some participants (3/22) were insensitive to turning-space but all other participants (19/22) chose their lowest maximum comfortable weight for the tightest turning-space and 17/19 chose their highest weights for space permitting a slow turn. Mean percentage weight increased by 30% from tight to slow turning-space. Results are statistically significant and clinically important. Experimental set-up was similar to assisting in confined spaces; participants were experienced in working in spacious environments and had recent manual-handling training so results are supported by good manual-handling practice. Assistant-size impact on easiest (highest weight) turning-space is small. Results are applicable to all floor coverings and wheelchair sizes but not to self-propelling wheelchair users. Results are incorporated into a tool, demonstrated by case study. Conclusion Tool-use specifies a best adaptation.