bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Turbulent Burning Velocity Models in a Swirl-Stabilized Lean Premixed Combustor
Authors: Kim Jong-Chan , Jung Won-Chul , Hong Ji-Seok , Sung Hong-Gye 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The effects of turbulent burning velocities in a turbulent premixed combustion simulation with a G-equation are investigated using the 3D LES technique. Two turbulent burning velocity models – Kobayashi model, which takes into account the burning velocity pressure effect, and the Pitsch model, which considers the flame regions on the premixed flame structure – are implemented. An LM6000 combustor is employed to validate the turbulent premixed combustion model. The results show that the flame structures in front of the injector have different shapes in each model because of the different turbulent burning velocities. These different flame structures induce changes in the entire combustor flow field, including in the recirculation zone. The dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) method and linear acoustic analysis provide the dominant acoustic mode.
Seasonal variation of gastroprotective terpenoids in Maytenus robusta (Celastraceae) quantified by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID)
Authors: Zermiani Tailyn , Junior Antonio A.S. , Ferreira Renê A. , Wagner Theodoro M. , Machado Marina S. , Cechinel-Filho Valdir , Niero Rivaldo 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The triterpenes friedelin (1), β-friedelinol (2) and 3,15-dioxo-21α-hydroxyfriedelane (3) in the aerial parts of Maytenus robusta, a Brazilian medicinal plant with antiulcer potential, were seasonally quantified by gas chromatography flame-ionization detection (GC-FID) using an external standard. The method was found to be linear, precise and sensitive. Compounds 1 and 2 were found in M. robusta leaves and branches, with highest concentrations in the leaves collected in autumn, i.e. 3.21 ± 0.16 and 12.60 ± 1.49 mg g−1 dry weight of 1 and 2, respectively. On the other hand, compound 3 was found only in the branches, with the highest concentrations in winter and autumn (0.21 ± 0.01 and 0.20 ± 0.02 mg g−1). The results allow to define the optimal season and plant parts for the collection of M. robusta as a phytotherapeutic drug.
Aspernolides L and M, new butyrolactones from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus versicolor
Authors: Ibrahim Sabrin R.M. , Mohamed Gamal A. , Ross Samir A. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
During the systematic search of active compounds from endophytic fungi, two new butyrolactones, namely aspernolides L (2) and M (4), together with four known compounds: 1-O-acetylglycerol (1), butyrolactone I (3), butyrolactone VI (5), and (+) alantrypinone (6) were characterized from the EtOAc extract of the endophytic fungus Aspergillus versicolor isolated from the roots of Pulicaria crispa (Asteraceae). Extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D, 2D NMR, and HRESIMS, was used to elucidate their structures. Compounds 1, 5, and 6 are reported for the first time from this fungus.
Acute Physiological Responses to Moderate-Load Resistance Exercise in Hypoxia
Authors: Scott Brendan R. , Slattery Katie M. , Sculley Dean V. , Lockhart Catriona , Dascombe Ben J. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Scott, BR, Slattery, KM, Sculley, DV, Lockhart, C, and Dascombe, BJ. Acute physiological responses to moderate-load resistance exercise in hypoxia. J Strength Cond Res 31(7): 1973–1981, 2017—This study assessed whether hypoxia augments anabolic responses to moderate-load resistance exercise. Fourteen trained men performed moderate-load resistance exercise in normoxia (NORM; fraction of inspired oxygen [FIO2] = 21%) and moderate-level hypoxia (MH; FIO2 = 16%). Exercise comprised 3 sets of 10 repetitions of squats and deadlifts at 60% of 1 repetition maximum, with 60-second interset rest. Blood lactate (BLa−) was quantified after each exercise, whereas arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate (HR) were assessed after each set. Thigh circumference was measured before and after exercise. Muscle activation and oxygenation were monitored by surface electromyography (EMG) and near-infrared spectroscopy, respectively. Relative BLa− concentrations were significantly higher following squats (p = 0.041) and deadlifts (p = 0.002) in MH than NORM. Arterial oxygen saturation was lower after each set in MH compared with NORM (p < 0.001), although HR and thigh circumference were not different between conditions. Integrated EMG was higher in MH than in NORM for the squat during several repetitions (p ≤ 0.032). Measures of muscle oxygen status were not significantly different between conditions (p ≥ 0.247). The main findings from this study suggest that hypoxia during moderate-load resistance exercise augments metabolite accumulation and muscle activation. However, a significant hypoxic dose was not measured at the muscle, possibly because of the moderate level of hypoxia used. The current data support previous hypotheses that have suggested hypoxia can augment some physiological responses that are important for muscular development, and may therefore provide benefit over the equivalent training in normoxia.
Orientation Tuning Depends on Spatial Frequency in Mouse Visual Cortex
Authors: Ayzenshtat Inbal , Jackson Jesse , Yuste Rafael 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe response properties of neurons to sensory stimuli have been used to identify their receptive fields and to functionally map sensory systems. In primary visual cortex, most neurons are selective to a particular orientation and spatial frequency of the visual stimulus. Using two-photon calcium imaging of neuronal populations from the primary visual cortex of mice, we have characterized the response properties of neurons to various orientations and spatial frequencies. Surprisingly, we found that the orientation selectivity of neurons actually depends on the spatial frequency of the stimulus. This dependence can be easily explained if one assumed spatially asymmetric Gabor-type receptive fields. We propose that receptive fields of neurons in layer 2/3 of visual cortex are indeed spatially asymmetric, and that this asymmetry could be used effectively by the visual system to encode natural scenes.
Incorporating Functional Annotations for Fine-Mapping Causal Variants in a Bayesian Framework Using Summary Statistics
Authors: Chen Wenan , McDonnell Shannon K , Thibodeau Stephen N , Tillmans Lori S , Schaid Daniel J 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Functional annotations have been shown to improve both the discovery power and fine-mapping accuracy in genome-wide association studies. However, the optimal strategy to incorporate the large number of existing annotations is still not clear. In this study, we propose a Bayesian framework to incorporate functional annotations in a systematic manner. We compute the maximum a posteriori solution and use cross validation to find the optimal penalty parameters. By extending our previous fine-mapping method CAVIARBF into this framework, we require only summary statistics as input. We also derived an exact calculation of Bayes factors using summary statistics for quantitative traits, which is necessary when a large proportion of trait variance is explained by the variants of interest, such as in fine mapping expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL). We compared the proposed method with PAINTOR using different strategies to combine annotations. Simulation results show that the proposed method achieves the best accuracy in identifying causal variants among the different strategies and methods compared. We also find that for annotations with moderate effects from a large annotation pool, screening annotations individually and then combining the top annotations can produce overly optimistic results. We applied these methods on two real data sets: a meta-analysis result of lipid traits and a cis-eQTL study of normal prostate tissues. For the eQTL data, incorporating annotations significantly increased the number of potential causal variants with high probabilities.
Donor Preference Meets Heterochromatin: Moonlighting Activities of a Recombinational Enhancer in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Dodson Anne E , Rine Jasper 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a small, intergenic region known as the recombination enhancer regulates donor selection during mating-type switching and also helps shape the conformation of chromosome III. Using an assay that detects transient losses of heterochromatic repression, we found that the recombination enhancer also acts at a distance in cis to modify the stability of gene silencing. In a mating-type-specific manner, the recombination enhancer destabilized the heterochromatic repression of a gene located ∼17 kbp away. This effect depended on a subregion of the recombination enhancer that is largely sufficient to determine donor preference. Therefore, this subregion affects both recombination and transcription from a distance. These observations identify a rare example of long-range transcriptional regulation in yeast and raise the question of whether other cis elements also mediate dual effects on recombination and gene expression.
Eddy Dissipation Combustion Modeling of Turbulent Reacting Flow
Authors: Majid Almas  
Published: September 2016

In this paper specious transport and gaseous combustion have been modeled numerically using computational fluid dynamics method. A cylindrical combustor burning methane (CH4) in air is studied using the eddy-dissipation model. Eddy dissipation combustion model has been coupled with the standard k-ɛ model to simulate this highly complex turbulent reactive fluid flow field. Effects of air and fuel velocities have been investigated on the reactant mass fractions, temperature and velocity profiles and NOX production.
A pszichológiai jóllét szociodemográfiai korrelátumai, kapcsolata a big five vonásokkal és az optimizmussal
Authors: Nagy Henriett , Gyurkovics Máté 
Published: September 2016

Elméleti háttér
A pszichológiai jóllét többtényezos modelljét Ryff alkotta meg 1989-ben. Korábbi kutatások rámutattak arra, hogy a pszichológiai jóllét az extraverzióval pozitív, a neuroticizmussal pedig negatív irányú összefüggést mutat, továbbá igazolták a pszichológiai jóllét és az optimizmus közötti kapcsolatot.

Cél
Jelen tanulmány arra keresi a választ, hogy milyen mértékben alkalmasak az ötfaktoros elmélet személyiségvonásai a pszichológiai jóllét szintjének elorejelzésére magyar mintán (figyelembe véve a demográfiai tényezok hatását is), illetve, hogy az optimizmus képes-e bejósolni a pszichológiai jóllét szintjét a big five dimenziók kontrollálása után is.

Módszer
Keresztmetszeti vizsgálatunkban 314 felnott (63,7% no; átlagéletkor: 29,5 év, SD =10,96 év) vett részt. Méroeszközök: szociodemográfiai kérdések, Big Five Kérdoív, Pszichológiai Jóllét Skála, Életszemlélet Teszt.

Eredmények
Az alábbi szociodemográfiai változók mutattak kapcsolatot a pszichológiai jólléttel: az anyagi helyzet; a jelenlegi lakóhely; az apa iskolai végzettsége; és az anya iskolai végzettsége. A személyiségváltozók közül a diszpozicionális optimizmus eros, pozitív irányú együttjárást (r = 0,61; p < 0,001) mutatott a jóllétszinttel, a big five dimenziók pedig legfeljebb közepes mértéku összefüggést jeleztek (r = |0,27|−|0,45|; p < 0,01). A bináris logisztikus regresszió elemzés eredményei alapján a big five személyiségvonások mind szignifikáns hatást gyakoroltak a jóllét szintjére a szociodemográfiai változók szinten tartása utána is — és e hatás valamennyi dimenzió esetében pozitív, a neuroticizmust leszámítva (Nagelkerke-féle R2 = 59,9%; X2(17) = 156,35; p < 0,001). Az eredmények szerint továbbá az optimizmus önálló (OR = 4,32, p = 0,014), a big five dimenzióktól független magyarázóerovel bír a jóllétszint alakulása tekintetében (Nagelkerke-féle R2 = 61,7%; X2(18) = 162,75; p < 0,001; Δ X2(1) = 6,39; p = 0,011).

Következtetés
Jelen kutatás egy újabb bizonyíték azon kutatások sorában, amelyek azt demonstrálják, hogy a személyiség lényeges szerepet játszik a pszichológiai jóllét alakulásában. Az eredmények azt is sugallják, hogy az optimizmus önálló, a big five dimenzióktól független magyarázóerovel bír a jóllét szintjének alakulása tekintetében.
Intermediación, empresas y mercados de trabajo en las producciones de vid de la región de Cuyo, Argentina
Authors: Neiman Guillermo , Quaranta Germán 
Published: September 2016

Este artículo aborda la problemática de la intermediación laboral en el contexto de agriculturas reestructuradas asociadas a cultivos de calidad. En estos escenarios productivos la intermediación laboral redefine sus formas, complejiza sus funciones y reconfigura sus características. Concretamente se aborda este fenómeno en la producción de vides de calidad (para la elaboración de vinos y para el consumo en fresco) localizadas en la región de Cuyo de la Argentina. Se destaca su importancia en la configuración de un mercado de trabajo altamente ocasional donde a través de la intermediación no sólo se contrata trabajadores sino que también se organiza, supervisa y controla el proceso de trabajo propiamente dicho. Además, se muestra la influencia de las condiciones locales en las prácticas y alcance de la intermediación en cada una de las áreas y producciones analizadas.
¿Qué ha pasado con la aplicación del estudio de tiempos y movimientos en las últimas dos décadas?: Revisión de la literatura
Authors: Ovalle-Castiblanco Alex Mauricio , Cárdenas Aguirre Diana María 
Published: September 2016

El estudio de tiempos y movimientos es una técnica de la ingeniería industrial que busca aumentar la productividad de las organizaciones, eliminando en forma sistemática las operaciones que no agregan valor al proceso y se constituye en la base para la estandarización de los tiempos de operación.El presente trabajo pretende identificar la aplicación que el estudio de tiempos y movimientos ha tenido durante las últimas dos décadas, así como las técnicas y herramientas más utilizadas y los sectores a los que ha sido aplicado; para lo cual fueron consultadas las bases de datos Science Direct y Web of Science y se utilizó la herramienta tecnológica de análisis de redes de citaciones denominada tree of science, desarrollada en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales. A partir del análisis se pudo determinar que el estudio de tiempos con cronómetro, aplicado en su forma tradicional, es la técnica más utilizada para la medición de las tareas, adicionalmente se presenta una notoria tendenciaa la realización de investigaciones en el sector salud.
Row Spacing and Seeding Rate Effects on Canola Population, Weed Competition, and Yield in Winter Organic Canola Production
Authors: Vann R. A. , Reberg‐Horton S. C. , Brinton C. M. 
Published: September 2016

Increasing seeding rate and widening row spacing to allow for between row cultivation may reduce weed competition in organic canola (Brassica napus L.) production. Research was conducted to evaluate the effects of row spacing and seeding rate on canola population, weed competition, and yield in organic canola production. Canola variety Hornet was planted at five seeding rates (3.4, 6.7, 10.1, 13.4, and 16.8 kg ha−1) at three row spacings (17, 34, 68 cm) in Goldsboro, Kinston, and Salisbury, NC, in 2011 and 2012. Between row cultivation was performed in the 68‐cm row spacing as weather permitted. Canola population increased with increasing seeding rate across all row spacings, and canola populations were highest with the 17‐cm row spacing, followed by the 34‐ then 68‐cm row spacings. Yield was similar across row spacings at the lower seeding rates in five of the six environments. At these environments, yield tended to increase in the 17‐cm row spacing as seeding rate increased but declined in the 68‐cm row spacing with increasing seeding rate. In one environment with a unique weed community, weed suppression and yield were higher with the 68‐cm row spacing. It was concluded that the yield plasticity of canola will provide producers flexibility in selecting row spacing, and seeding rate selections should be based on desired row spacing.Core Ideas

Increasing canola seeding rate and widening row spacing to allow for between row cultivation may serve as mechanisms to reduce weed competition in canola production, but have rarely been evaluated in organic production. This study was conducted to evaluate seeding rate and row spacing effects on weed competition and yield in organic canola production.
Despite different canola populations across canola row spacings, yield tended to be similar at low seeding rates across the row spacings indicating canola has the ability to compensate for low population.
Depending on the weed species at your environment, widening row spacing to allow for between row cultivation may prove critical for reducing weed competition and increasing canola yield.
Yield tended to increase with increases in seeding rate at the 17‐cm row spacing, however yield declines were observed with higher seeding rates in the 68‐cm row spacing, which is likely attributed to intraspecific competition.
Organic canola producers have flexibility when selecting row spacing and seeding rates due to the great plasticity of canola.
Phosphorus Removal in Constructed Stormwater Wetland Mesocosms Amended with Water Treatment Residuals
Authors: Vacca K. , Komlos J. , Wadzuk B. M. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT: Constructed stormwater wetlands (CSWs) reduce stormwater volume and improve water quality. One quality improvement is the removal of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP). There has been limited study on SRP fate and transport or on the mechanisms to improve SRP removal due to the difficulty in quantifying the complex, spatially heterogeneous removal processes in two‐dimensional flow. The present research analyzed the ability of wetland soil (Control) and wetland soil amended with 2%, 5%, and 8% (by mass) of aluminum‐based water treatment residuals (AlWTRs) to remove SRP in surface‐flow vegetated CSW mesocosms. Batch adsorption experiments showed increasing SRP sorption capacity with increased AlWTR content (590–850 mg/kg soil) compared to the Control (385 mg/kg soil); however, AlWTR‐amended flowing mesocosms removed only 6.0–8.8 mg/kg SRP compared to 9.3 mg/kg SRP for the Control. The lack of increased SRP removal in AlWTR‐amended mesocosms was attributed to flow dynamics (only 20% of the surface outflow was quantified as subsurface flow). These results suggest the extent of infiltration versus surface flow is key to soil amendments improving SRP removal in a CSW.
A Historical Analysis of the Environmental Footprint of Peanut Production in the United States from 1980 to 2014
Authors: McCarty J.A. , Ramsey S. , Sandefur H.N. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
The last half century has seen a significant shift in agricultural practices, affecting productivity, resource use, and ultimately, environmental impacts. These increases have been the result of several developments, including increases in irrigation, the expanded application of fertilizers and pesticides, improved plant genetics, and the development of mechanized operations. Changes in production practices are highlighted here for peanut crops for the years 1980 to 2014. This study uses a resource efficiency methodology from cradle-to-farm gate to examine land use, energy efficiency, soil erosion (water and wind), irrigation water usage, and environmental/greenhouse gas emissions. During the historical period, yields increased from under 2000 kg/ha in the Southwest and an average of 3000 kg/ha in the Southeast and Virginia-Carolina regions to over 4000 kg/ha across all regions. Most of this increase occurred after the year 2000. Overall trends of nitrogen fertilizer applications per planted hectare were increasing; however, chemical protections, fuel use and electricity associated with cultivation, harvest, and drying declined. Energy utilization per hectare and kg of peanut showed steady declines over the last 40 years, particularly in the Southeast and Virginia-Carolina production regions. Results indicated that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have been on the decline across all production regions, from greater than 1 kg CO2e/kg peanut in the early 1980s to less than 0.6 kg CO2e/kg peanuts in 2013, a 40% decrease in GHG production.
GOING THE DISTANCE: MAPPING HOST GALAXIES OF LIGO AND VIRGO SOURCES IN THREE DIMENSIONS USING LOCAL COSMOGRAPHY AND TARGETED FOLLOW-UP
Authors: Singer Leo P. , Chen Hsin-Yu , Holz Daniel E. , Farr Will M. , Price Larry R. , Raymond Vivien , Cenko S. Bradley , Gehrels Neil , Cannizzo John , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Nissanke Samaya , Coughlin Michael , Farr Ben , Urban Alex L. , Vitale Salvatore , Veitch John , Graff Philip , Berry Christopher P. L. , Mohapatra Satya , Mandel Ilya 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
The Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) discovered gravitational waves (GWs) from a binary black hole merger in 2015 September and may soon observe signals from neutron star mergers. There is considerable interest in searching for their faint and rapidly fading electromagnetic (EM) counterparts, though GW position uncertainties are as coarse as hundreds of square degrees. Because LIGO’s sensitivity to binary neutron stars is limited to the local universe, the area on the sky that must be searched could be reduced by weighting positions by mass, luminosity, or star formation in nearby galaxies. Since GW observations provide information about luminosity distance, combining the reconstructed volume with positions and redshifts of galaxies could reduce the area even more dramatically. A key missing ingredient has been a rapid GW parameter estimation algorithm that reconstructs the full distribution of sky location and distance. We demonstrate the first such algorithm, which takes under a minute, fast enough to enable immediate EM follow-up. By combining the three-dimensional posterior with a galaxy catalog, we can reduce the number of galaxies that could conceivably host the event by a factor of 1.4, the total exposure time for the Swift X-ray Telescope by a factor of 2, the total exposure time for a synoptic optical survey by a factor of 2, and the total exposure time for a narrow-field optical telescope by a factor of 3. This encourages us to suggest a new role for small field of view optical instruments in performing targeted searches of the most massive galaxies within the reconstructed volumes.
As concepções sobre Ser Vivo/Célula dos Estudantes do 3º semestre do Curso de Engenharia de Pesca do Campus XXIV- Xique-Xique-BA
Authors: Castro Darcy Ribeiro , Guerra Jacqueline De Araujo , Santos Keisyara Bonfim dos , Dos Santos Nadjara Pereira , Dos Santos Samara Rocha Mendes , Amorim Taliany Santos de 
Published: September 2016

Este trabalho trata da formação de conceitos científicos no Ensino Superior do Curso de Engenharia de Pesca da Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), Campus XXIV- Xique-Xique-BA mediante conhecimentos adquiridos pelos alunos em disciplinas afins com as ciências biológicas. Envolveu 8 estudantes do 3º semestre do ciclo básico. Teve como base as concepções espontâneas e científicas de estudantes sobre ser vivo/célula apoiada nas fases do desenvolvimento estudadas por Vygotsky (pensamento abstrato). Objetivamos analisar os conhecimentos dos alunos sobre célula, diferenciação celular, crescimento, respiração, reprodução, nutrição, herança e unidade. Utilizamos a pesquisa qualitativa veiculada a entrevista estruturada (questionário) e semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados, segundo a orientação do método dialético, sendo as respostas dos alunos agrupadas em categorias conceituais, comparadas e discutidas de acordo com os referenciais apresentados. Evidenciamos os mecanismos envolvidos na assimilação dos conceitos espontâneos o e científicos pelos alunos, destacando suas potencialidades e dificuldades de compreensão.