bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TEACHERS-IN-SERVICE PROGRAM IN MANITOBA
Authors: Kinsner Witold , Schor Dario , Marcynuk Kathryn , Denton Troy 
Published: April 2017

This paper describes examples of a new range of activities intended to enhance the exposure of senior high-school students to engineering, technology, applied science and science. The activities are termed Teachers-in-Service Program (TISP), and have been proposed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Shortly after IEEE Canada brought TISP to this country, IEEE Winnipeg Section brought it to Manitoba. Our TISP activities to date have been very extensive and comprehensive [1].The mission of TISP is to foster interest in engineering, science and mathematics among students from grades 7 through 12 by providing teachers with tools and training (e.g., [2]) that can be used to give students interesting experience with science and engineering topics in the classroom. TISP provides a forum for IEEE volunteers to demonstrate the application of engineering, science and mathematics concepts by sharing their real-world experiences with local preuniversity educators. IEEE offers training workshops for its volunteers on how to provide the in-service program to local teachers. IEEE Canada provided two such TISP workshops, one in 2009, and one in 2011. Since 2001, over 130 in-service presentations have been developed and delivered by IEEE volunteers. Approximately 3,200 pre-university educators have participated in the in-service program, impacting almost 350,000 students worldwide. All 20 IEEE Canada Sections are now active in TISP.In Manitoba, we have expanded the TISP activities to include not only teachers, but also parents and students themselves. Our TISP activities are segmented into three classes: Tier1 that dedicated to students mostly (e.g., focused presentations, demonstrations and tours that reached over 1350 students in the previous year), Tier2 involving teachers mostly (e.g., workshops [3]), and Tier3 engaging students, teachers and parents (e.g., Space Camp [4], Near-Space Experiments, and communications with satellites through the University of Manitoba ground station [5]).
Experience with Online Delivery of an Engineering Technical Elective Course
Authors: Wallace Jim , Dhariwal Harpreet 
Published: April 2017

MIE 515, Alternative Energy Systems, an engineering technical elective course open to senior undergraduates and graduate students, was delivered as an on line course for Fall 2011. This is the first time an undergraduate engineering course at the University of Toronto has been offered online. The course is also one of five pilot online courses across the University. The move online is being accomplished in two steps. For Fall 2011, a small lecture section of 25 students was used as a setting for video capture and the remaining 110 students accessed the course lectures online asynchronously. A live tutorial was offered once a week. All students were physically present for the midterm examination and the final examination. For Fall 2012, the course will be delivered entirely online, with the exception of student physical presence for the two examinations. Pedagogical and technical lessons learned during this transition year will be presented. The benefits and drawbacks of online delivery will be discussed from the perspective gained this year and compared with our expectations. Student feedback will also be presented and discussed.
INTRODUCTION TO THE FOURIER TRASNFORM: IMAGE PROCESSING LABORATORY EXAMPLE
Authors: Thomas Gabriel 
Published: April 2017

Signal processing can be a mathematical intense subject and undergraduate students may not be able to appreciate the enormous importance on the applied side of things. Even if the instructor mentions some of the fascinating application areas, it might be difficult for students to attend a laboratory session in which they will have enough time to code a signal processing algorithm and see a big difference when processing data in the frequency domain. In this paper I describe a simple example in which students have an opportunity to develop a theoretical solution to enhance an image and with just a few lines of code run a program that will show a dramatic difference between an original image and the enhanced version. Different fundamental signal processing concepts are reinforced with the laboratory example and its application only requires a computer and signal processing developing software such as Matlab.
Thermal Pressure in Diffuse H2 Gas Measured by Herschel
Emission and FUSE UV H2 Absorption
Authors: Velusamy T. , Langer W. D. , Goldsmith P. F. , Pineda J. L. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
UV absorption studies with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) satellite have made important observations of H2 molecular gas in Galactic interstellar translucent and diffuse clouds. Observations of the 158 μm [C ii] fine-structure line with Herschel trace the same H2 molecular gas in emission. We present [C ii] observations along 27 lines of sight (LOSs) toward target stars of which 25 have FUSE H2 UV absorption. Two stars have only HST STIS C ii λ2325 absorption data. We detect [C ii] 158 μm emission features in all but one target LOS. For three target LOSs that are close to the Galactic plane,

1°, we also present position–velocity maps of [C ii] emission observed by Herschel Heterodyne Instrument in the Far Infrared (HIFI) in on-the-fly spectral-line mapping. We use the velocity-resolved [C ii] spectra observed by the HIFI instrument toward the target LOSs observed by FUSE to identify [C ii] velocity components associated with the H2 clouds. We analyze the observed velocity integrated [C ii] spectral-line intensities in terms of the densities and thermal pressures in the H2 gas using the H2 column densities and temperatures measured by the UV absorption data. We present the H2 gas densities and thermal pressures for 26 target LOSs and from the [C ii] intensities derive a mean thermal pressure in the range of ∼6100–7700 K cm−3 in diffuse H2 clouds. We discuss the thermal pressures and densities toward 14 targets, comparing them to results obtained using the UV absorption data for two other tracers C i and CO. Our results demonstrate the richness of the far-IR [C ii] spectral data which is a valuable complement to the UV H2 absorption data for studying diffuse H2 molecular clouds. While the UV absorption is restricted to the directions of the target star, far-IR [C ii] line emission offers an opportunity to employ velocity-resolved spectral-line mapping capability to study in detail the clouds’ spatial and velocity structures.
The Physical Origin and Magnetic Sensitivity of the Scattering Polarization Observed in the O i IR Triplet at 777 nm
Authors: Alemán T. del Pino , Bueno J. Trujillo 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The linearly polarized solar limb spectrum caused by the absorption and scattering of anisotropic radiation has a very rich diagnostic potential, given its sensitivity to the thermal, dynamic, and magnetic structure of the solar atmosphere. A crucial first step toward its scientific exploitation is understanding the physical origin of the observed spectral line polarization and its magnetic sensitivity via the Hanle and Zeeman effects. Here, we study the linear polarization signals observed in the IR triplet of O i at 777 nm, describing in detail the multilevel radiative transfer calculations that allowed us to decipher their physical origin. We investigate the sensitivity of the calculated scattering polarization signals to various modeling parameters, finding that the observed fractional linear polarization pattern originates mainly in the solar chromosphere, although the intensity profiles of the O i IR triplet come mainly from the lower photosphere. We find that the three lines are sensitive, via the Hanle effect, to magnetic fields with strengths between 0.01 and 30 G, in a extended region of the solar atmosphere. We show this through calculations of the response function to magnetic field perturbations in a semi-empirical model of the quiet Sun atmosphere. The dominant response of the linear polarization signals occurs at heights

km above the visible model’s surface, which demonstrates that the scattering linear polarization signals of the oxygen IR triplet encode information on the magnetism of the solar chromosphere.
On the Origin of the Fundamental Plane and Faber–Jackson Relations: Implications for the Star Formation Problem
Authors: D’Onofrio Mauro , Cariddi Stefano , Chiosi Cesare , Chiosi Emanuela , Marziani Paola 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We provide an explanation of the properties of the fundamental plane (FP) relation and its observed projections for a sample of nearby early-type galaxies (ETGs) in terms of a fine-tuning between the time-averaged star formation rate

and their structural and dynamical characteristics. Their total V luminosity is linked with

and the central velocity dispersion σ through the relation

, with an rms = 0.215 (R = 0.64 and

). This fine-tuning permits us to obtain the FP in terms of two distinct “virtual planes” in the

space. The first one (the virial plane; VP) represents the total galaxy mass derived from the scalar virial theorem and the mass-to-light ratio M/L, while the second plane comes from the relation

, where

is a parameter connected with

. This is a mathematically convenient way for expressing the independence of the galaxy light from the virial equilibrium. Each galaxy in the

space is identified by the intersection of these two planes. A posteriori, we show that the properties of the FP (tilt and scatter) and the zone of exclusion visible in the FP projections are consequences of this fine-tuning. The link between the FP properties and the SFR of galaxies provides a new view of the star formation phenomenon. The star formation history of an unperturbed galaxy seems to be driven by the initial conditions in the protogalaxies and is regulated across cosmic epochs by the variation of the main galaxy parameters (mass, luminosity, structural shape, and velocity dispersion).
Reduced MHD in Astrophysical Applications: Two-dimensional or Three-dimensional?
Authors: Oughton S. , Matthaeus W. H. , Dmitruk P. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Originally proposed as an efficient approach to computation of nonlinear dynamics in tokamak fusion research devices, reduced magnetohydrodynamics (RMHD) has subsequently found application in studies of coronal heating, flux tube dynamics, charged particle transport, and, in general, as an approximation to describe plasma turbulence in space physics and astrophysics. Given the diverse set of derivations available in the literature, there has emerged some level of discussion and a lack of consensus regarding the completeness of RMHD as a turbulence model, and its applicability in contexts such as the solar wind. Some of the key issues in this discussion are examined here, emphasizing that RMHD is properly neither 2D nor fully 3D, being rather an incomplete representation that enforces at least one family of extraneous conservation laws.
Impact of Radiogenic Heating on the Formation Conditions of Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko
Authors: Mousis O. , Drouard A. , Vernazza P. , Lunine J. I. , Monnereau M. , Maggiolo R. , Altwegg K. , Balsiger H. , Berthelier J.-J. , Cessateur G. , De Keyser J. , Fuselier S. A. , Gasc S. , Korth A. , Le Deun T. , Mall U. , Marty B. , Rème H. , Rubin M. , Tzou C.-Y. , Waite J. H. , Wurz P. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Because of the high fraction of refractory material present in comets, the heat produced by the radiogenic decay of elements such as aluminum and iron can be high enough to induce the loss of ultravolatile species such as nitrogen, argon, or carbon monoxide during their accretion phase in the protosolar nebula (PSN). Here, we investigate how heat generated by the radioactive decay of 26Al and 60Fe influences the formation of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, as a function of its accretion time and the size of its parent body. We use an existing thermal evolution model that includes various phase transitions, heat transfer in the ice-dust matrix, and gas diffusion throughout the porous material, based on thermodynamic parameters derived from Rosetta observations. Two possibilities are considered: either, to account for its bilobate shape, 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko was assembled from two primordial ∼2 km sized planetesimals, or it resulted from the disruption of a larger parent body with a size corresponding to that of comet Hale–Bopp (∼70 km). To fully preserve its volatile content, we find that either 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko’s formation was delayed between ∼2.2 and 7.7 Myr after that of Ca–Al-rich Inclusions in the PSN or the comet’s accretion phase took place over the entire time interval, depending on the primordial size of its parent body and the composition of the icy material considered. Our calculations suggest that the formation of 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko is consistent with both its accretion from primordial building blocks formed in the nebula or from debris issued from the disruption of a Hale–Bopp-like body.
Lacan héritier de Freud ? Quelques réflexions sur la perversion chez Freud et Lacan
Authors: Van Haute Philippe 
Published: April 2017

La première édition des Trois essais sur la théorie de la sexualité de Freud (1905) contient une théorie de la perversion et de la sexualité qui est largement en opposition avec l’idée d’une « structure perverse ». Cette idée semble réintroduire une référence à une « identité » nosologique essentielle et clairement différente d’autres identités. Nous montrons comment l’idée d’une structure perverse est problématique du point de vue patho-analytique que développe Freud dans la première version des Trois essais . Il deviendra clair que la pensée lacanienne sur les perversions ne peut être comprise en dehors d’une référence constitutive à l’histoire de la psychiatrie française et plus particulièrement à l’œuvre d’Ernest Dupré.
Langue maternelle : aliénation identitaire, sexualité et contingence
Authors: Da Silva Junior Nelson 
Published: April 2017

La « langue maternelle » est une notion souvent évoquée dans la défense des affirmations identitaires. Dans cet essai de déconstruction psychanalytique du pouvoir aliénant de ce syntagme, nous visons à mettre le syntagme « langue maternelle » en rapport d’abord avec la théorie lacanienne de l’entrée du sujet dans le langage pensée avec les concepts d’aliénation et de séparation et, ensuite, avec ses formules de la sexuation, d’où ressort le principe « il n’y a pas de rapport sexuel ». Nous cherchons à mettre en lumière la pensée lacanienne sur ces sujets tout en la comparant avec celle d’autres penseurs tels Heidegger, Derrida, Hannah Arendt et Barbara Cassin. Ce chemin nous conduira à l’idée d’une complémentarité illusoire en jeu aussi bien dans le langage que dans l’amour.
Une vision freudienne du jeu de l’acteur : Freud à l’écoute de l’art d’Yvette Guilbert
Authors: Danzi Giuseppina , Vivès Jean-Michel 
Published: April 2017

À travers la correspondance entre Freud et la célèbre « diseuse » Yvette Guilbert et à la lumière d’autres notations repérées çà et là dans l’œuvre freudienne, les auteurs mettent au jour les éléments permettant d’envisager une vision freudienne de l’art de l’acteur proche de celle qui sera développée par les théoriciens du théâtre au début du XX e siècle. Cette vision « moderne » du comédien pose au centre de la scène la « présence vivante » d’un artiste capable de créer, à travers la construction d’une illusion, un moment de vérité et d’authenticité. En reprenant les suites peu connues du « dialogue » entre Yvette Guilbert et Freud, les auteurs montrent l’évolution de leurs respectives intuitions concernant l’art de l’acteur. Si, grâce à Freud, la « diseuse » arrivera à repenser l’acteur « sous la forme «d’un hôtel meublé», dont le propriétaire tire profit de ses habitants », dans les lettres de Freud nous pouvons rencontrer la reconnaissance des effets que la magie de l’art d’Yvette est capable de provoquer chez lui : la possibilité de « redevenir jeune l’espace d’une heure » dans le pressentiment d’un temps « hors-temps dont l’instant fait date ».
Retour sur vingt-cinq ans de relations incertaines entre Israéliens, Egyptiens et Palestiniens
Authors: Alsajdeya Dima 
Published: April 2017

L’Égypte a toujours préconisé son rôle de médiateur dans le conflit israélo-palestinien pour satisfaire ses intérêts nationaux et faire prévaloir son image de puissance régionale et sa place d’interlocutrice auprès des Américains. De ce fait, elle opte depuis 1991 pour des postures qui oscillent entre paix froide, médiation et paix stratégique. En effet, d’une relation de méfiance à une coopération stratégique, les rapports égypto-israéliens ne cessent de s’améliorer tandis que le lien, pourtant historique, entre les Égyptiens et les Palestiniens ne fait que s’affaiblir. Afin de mieux comprendre cette mutation quasi-constante des postures égyptiennes vis-à-vis des Israéliens et des Palestiniens, cette contribution se propose d’en dresser une vue d’ensemble sur les vingt-cinq dernières années.
Pays arabes du Golfe : deux décennies de basculements
Authors: Levallois Agnès 
Published: April 2017

Les pays du Golfe ont connu d’importants changements depuis 1990 date de l’invasion du Koweït par les troupes de Saddam Hussein et ils sont confrontés à de nombreux défis. Sur le plan intérieur, la baisse du prix du pétrole remet en question l’Etat providence tandis que les groupes radicaux tels qu’al-Qaïda dans la péninsule arabique et Daesh mettent en cause la légitimité de ces pouvoirs. Inquiètes des mouvements de contestation qui se sont exprimés en 2011, les pétromonarchies ont craint des répercussions sur leur stabilité et s’inquiètent du rôle que les Etats-Unis entendent jouer dans la région et se rapprochent de la Russie.
Les réfugiés palestiniens depuis 1991 : entre marginalisation et vicissitudes
Authors: de Wangen Sylviane 
Published: April 2017

Depuis 1991, la situation des réfugiés palestiniens dans les pays arabes du Moyen-Orient n’a cessé de se dégrader. Apatrides pour nombre d’entre eux, sans statut protecteur, leur place dans la société d’accueil, leur perception par la société palestinienne et au niveau international, leur niveau de vie et leurs perspectives personnelles semblent aujourd’hui dans une impasse. Cet article revient sur des événements qui ont jalonné ces 25 dernières années tendant à marginaliser de plus en plus les réfugiés palestiniens au Moyen-Orient et mettant en lumière leur extrême vulnérabilité. Il reprend une réflexion ouverte depuis longtemps par des responsables palestiniens et des chercheurs sur cette question des réfugiés. Après la reconnaissance de l’État de Palestine dans les frontières sur les lignes d’armistice de 1949 par l’assemblée générale de ONU en décembre 2012 et de plusieurs de ses organisations spécialisées dont en premier lieu l’Unesco (dès 2011), des perspectives nouvelles peuvent-elles s’ouvrir pour ces réfugiés ?
E ntâme cartésienne
Authors: Thomas Marie-Claude 
Published: April 2017

Si le « moment cartésien » du sujet moderne – les lois de l’optique de Kepler clivent alors le sujet de l’objet jusque-là en interpénétration inverse grâce aux rayons lumineux de l’œil – est connu, « celui » de la musique reste discret. Pourtant, c’est encore Descartes qui fêle, entame l’harmonie du monde et de la musique, spirituel et réel enroulement du macrocosme et du microcosme – qu’Arthur Schopenhauer perpétuera à sa manière. Avec son Compendium Musicae (1618) jalousement dédié au savant Isaac Beeckman après une rencontre coup de foudre, un jour, par hasard, à Breda, Descartes fait glisser la musique dans la psychologie du plaisir…
Climate Change Policies after the 2015 Paris Agreement
Authors: Gordon Frederick 
Published: April 2017

Le rapport Stern de 2006 reflète l’urgence de la lutte contre le changement climatique. D’après l’Accord de Paris de 2015, 55 pays représentant 55 % des émissions de gaz à effet de serre prendront l’initiative pour traiter le problème du changement climatique. Cet accord est peut-être la meilleure chance d’inverser le changement climatique. L’Accord de Paris de 2015 met en œuvre des mesures différenciées, équitables, durables et légalement contraignantes pour atteindre ces objectifs. On peut espérer que cet accord est bien plus avancé que son prédécesseur, le Protocole de Kyoto. Ce dernier, entré en vigueur à partir de 2005, appelait la communauté internationale à réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre de 5,25 % par rapport à 1990. Cependant, un traité significatif devrait viser une réduction des émissions de 60 %. Cela signifie que les États-Unis, qui représentent environ 20 % des émissions globales de gaz à effet de serre, doivent jouer pleinement un rôle de leader pour valider cet accord.
Au psychodrame les analystes se donnent le droit de rire
Authors: Valon Philippe 
Published: April 2017

Résumé Le rire a moins bonne presse que l’humour dans le milieu analytique, et surtout le rire de l’analyste : séduction, acting, il contreviendrait à la neutralité et à ce que l’on nomme aujourd’hui refusement de l’analyste. Pourtant au psychodrame analytique, il survient, souvent, y compris chez les analystes présents. Il s’agit ici d’en comprendre les ressorts, les avantages, mais aussi les dangers.
Exploring Shared Governance for an Academic Nursing Setting
Authors: Boswell Carol , Opton Laura , Owen Donna C. 
Published: April 2017

Background:
A beneficial work environment influences staff and employee satisfaction and contributes to enhanced organizational execution.

Method:
This article communicates a literature review of the existing knowledge to describe the potential influence of job satisfaction, empowerment, and work engagement on a faculty and staff academic shared governance model and impact on the improvement of a healthy work environment.

Results:
References from PubMed (from 1975 to 2014) and ERIC (from 2006 to 2016), along with manuscripts included in the reference lists of the selected articles, served as the basis of the review. Definitions and descriptions of shared governance in academic settings suggested the potential influence on the development of a faculty and staff shared governance model within a school of nursing on job satisfaction, empowerment, and work engagement, resulting in the maintenance of a healthy work environment.

Conclusion:

This shift is essential for the resilience of nursing academia and the building of novel, more inclusive approaches to innovation that tap into the talent and skill of all organizational members. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(4):197–203.]
Foreign-Educated Graduate Nursing Students and Plagiarism
Authors: Knowlton Mary , Collins Shawn Bryant 
Published: April 2017

Background:
Plagiarism is a concern related to students educated in countries other than the United States, where English is not the first language spoken. The authors' experience with plagiarism by a foreign-educated nursing student prompted an investigation into this topic.

Method:
This article focuses on the occurrence of unintentional plagiarism, a common focus with foreign-educated students, addressing linguistic, as well as cultural, viewpoints.

Results:
The findings from the literature on plagiarism among foreign-educated students are elicited and the article discusses strategies to help foreign-educated students learn about plagiarism and how to properly cite and reference sources.

Conclusion:

A variety of proactive strategies exist that can be used by both faculty and students to mitigate the occurrence of plagiarism by foreign-educated nursing students in higher education, starting with a clearer understanding of some of the antecedents to the problem of plagiarism. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(4):211–214.]