bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A High-Order Time Domain Discontinuous Galerkin Method with Orthogonal Tetrahedral Basis for Electromagnetic Simulations in 3-D Heterogeneous Conductive Media
Authors: Yang Jun , Cai Wei , Wu Xiaoping 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe present a high-order discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for the time domain Maxwell's equations in three-dimensional heterogeneous media. New hierarchical orthonormal basis functions on unstructured tetrahedral meshes are used for spatial discretization while Runge-Kutta methods for time discretization. A uniaxial perfectly matched layer (UPML) is employed to terminate the computational domain. Exponential convergence with respect to the order of the basis functions is observed and large parallel speedup is obtained for a plane-wave scattering model. The rapid decay of the out-going wave in the UPML is shown in a dipole radiation simulation. Moreover, the low frequency electromagnetic fields excited by a horizontal electric dipole (HED) and a vertical magnetic dipole (VMD) over a layered conductive half-space and a high frequency ground penetrating radar (GPR) detection for an underground structure are investigated, showing the high accuracy and broadband simulation capability of the proposed method.
Second-Order Two-Scale Computational Method for Nonlinear Dynamic Thermo-Mechanical Problems of Composites with Cylindrical Periodicity
Authors: Dong Hao , Cui Junzhi , Nie Yufeng , Yang Zihao 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this paper, a novel second-order two-scale (SOTS) computational method is developed for nonlinear dynamic thermo-mechanical problems of composites with cylindrical periodicity. The non-linearities of these multi-scale problems were caused by the temperature-dependent properties of the composites. Firstly, the formal SOTS solutions for these problems are constructed by the multiscale asymptotic analysis. Then we theoretically explain the importance of the SOTS solutions by the error analysis in the pointwise sense. In addition, a SOTS numerical algorithm is proposed in detail to effectively solve these problems. Finally, some numerical examples verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the SOTS numerical algorithm we proposed.
De ervaringen van beginnende en ervaren leerkrachten in het contact met ouders
Authors: ten Have Emmely , Kassenberg Annelies , Logtenberg Ria 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

The experiences of beginning and experienced teachers in parent teacher contact

Beginning teachers struggle during their first years, which is shown in the number of beginning teachers that leave the profession. 25 percent leaves within five years. This is worrying, as there is a lack of teachers. Beginning teachers experience multiple problems, such as high workload. Which is largely caused by parent teacher contact. In this study, the relation between the amount of work experience in primary education, and the positive or negative experiences with parent teacher contact is studied. Interviews with primary school teachers from six elementary schools in the Northern part of the Netherlands are conducted by the method of storytelling, which is a form of narrative inquiry. Ten beginning teachers and ten experienced teachers were selected. Through these interviews, multiple stories were found, which were coded inductively and deductively. Content analysis showed some differences between beginning and experienced teachers. Beginning teachers seem to feel more insecure than experienced teachers, caused by their lack of experience and having no children themselves. Thereby, beginning teachers feel less appreciated by parents than experienced teachers do. However, similarities between beginning and experienced teachers are many times as large as the differences. Beginning and experienced teachers have the same ideas about cooperating with parents. Both see a decrease of teacher authority and an increase of critical parent attitude. Both experience many support of their colleagues or coach at work.
Ouderbetrokkenheid van ouders met een kind in het eerste jaar vmbo
Authors: Hoogeveen Karin , Schilder Janneke 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Parental involvement in the first year of secondary education. Parent beliefs on their roles, expectations, efficacy, wishes and behavior at the start and at the end of the school year

When schools want to strengthen parental involvement it is important to know more about the aspects influencing this. The current study explores whether the views, efficacy, wishes and expectations from parents can affect parental involvement. Understanding the decision of parents whether or not to become involved in the learning of their child and school is essential for schools in developing and improving their policies with regard to parental involvement. The ultimate goal is to strengthen educational success in students. The current study measured the parental role construction, efficacy, time and energy, the perception of invitations, and parental involvement at the beginning of the first year in secondary school (N = 201) and in the end of that school year (N = 52). The questionnaire was largely based on the empirically tested model by Hoover-Dempsey (2005). It is expected that whether or not parents decide to play an active role in the education of their child (both at home and at school) is related to the perceived role of parents, and the extent to which they score high on efficacy. Available time and energy is seen as a mediating variable. Items from the scales used by Hoover-Dempsey were translated into Dutch and were found to be reliable and usable to measure the constructs in the Dutch context. Perceived role and the degree to which parents consider themselves competent were positively related to parental involvement. Parents who were more likely to help their child with education were more involved in school, an important predictor of school success. The extent to which parents thought it was important to cooperate with the school was also positively related to parental involvement. The intermediating role of available time and energy of parents, as suggested in the model of Hoover-Dempsey, was not found in the current study.
Shortwave radiative forcing, rapid adjustment, and feedback to the surface by sulfate geoengineering: analysis of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project G4 scenario
Authors: Kashimura Hiroki , Abe Manabu , Watanabe Shingo , Sekiya Takashi , Ji Duoying , Moore John C. , Cole Jason N. S. , Kravitz Ben 
Published: March 2017

Abstract. This study evaluates the forcing, rapid adjustment, and feedback of net shortwave radiation at the surface in the G4 experiment of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project by analysing outputs from six participating models. G4 involves injection of 5 Tg yr−1 of SO2, a sulfate aerosol precursor, into the lower stratosphere from year 2020 to 2069 against a background scenario of RCP4.5. A single-layer atmospheric model for shortwave radiative transfer is used to estimate the direct forcing of solar radiation management (SRM), and rapid adjustment and feedbacks from changes in the water vapour amount, cloud amount, and surface albedo (compared with RCP4.5). The analysis shows that the globally and temporally averaged SRM forcing ranges from −3.6 to −1.6 W m−2, depending on the model. The sum of the rapid adjustments and feedback effects due to changes in the water vapour and cloud amounts increase the downwelling shortwave radiation at the surface by approximately 0.4 to 1.5 W m−2 and hence weaken the effect of SRM by around 50 %. The surface albedo changes decrease the net shortwave radiation at the surface; it is locally strong (∼ −4 W m−2) in snow and sea ice melting regions, but minor for the global average. The analyses show that the results of the G4 experiment, which simulates sulfate geoengineering, include large inter-model variability both in the direct SRM forcing and the shortwave rapid adjustment from change in the cloud amount, and imply a high uncertainty in modelled processes of sulfate aerosols and clouds.
¿Por qué Pioneers of Modern Design de Nikolaus Pevsner es lo que es?
Authors: Corrada Manuel 
Published: March 2017

En 1936 Nikolaus Pevsner publicó Pioneers of Modern Design. El libro abarca los años 1880-1914, de Morris a Gropius. En esos días, General Motors estaba enviando encuestas a miles de dueños de automóviles preguntándoles que estilos les gustaban, por qué, que esperaban de un autom6vil nuevo; en resumen, haciendo investigación de los clientes. No parece causalidad que también
en la misma época y por primera vez los diseñadores industriales, además de sus preocupaciones estéticas, comenzaron a ser consultados acerca de lo que "quería" el público. Sin embargo, el libro de Pevsner está ciego a ese tipo de consideraciones, y su universo de objetos materiales se reduce las artes decorativas y a bienes domésticos preindustriales.
Log Files as a Tool for Improving Internet Dictionaries
Authors: Bergenholtz Henning , Johnsen Mia 
Published: March 2017

In their advertisements, dictionary publishers often praise their dictionaries for taking into account the exact needs of the users. Until the beginning of the 1980s, however, no theoretical contributions on dictionary use were available, neither in the form of purely theoretical considerations nor in the form of empirical research. Since then, the situation has changed completely. Such a large number of user surveys have been carried out that it is no longer possible to give a complete overview. Nevertheless, this has led to no signiﬁcant improvement of the situation as the majority of these surveys are not related to concrete examples of dictionary use. The surveys, which have always been concerned with printed dictionaries, have therefore not contributed to substantial improvements of dictionary conception. In the case of internet dictionaries, on the other hand, technical possibilities enable lexicographers to monitor user behaviour in a different and much more precise way. Analyses of log ﬁles reveal exactly which lemmas and which types of information have been requested, and, perhaps more signiﬁcantly, which lemmas and which types of information have been requested but were not found in the dictionary. Furthermore, log ﬁles allow lexicographers to see the types of information which have not, or not yet, been searched for. All in all, log ﬁles may thus be used as a tool for improving internet dictionaries – and perhaps also printed dictionaries – quite considerably.
Attachment anxiety is associated with a fear of becoming fat, which is mediated by binge eating
Authors: Alexander Katherine E. 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundPrevious work demonstrated that individuals with higher levels of attachment anxiety are prone to increased binge eating (Alexander & Siegel, 2013). Given that our society rejects obese individuals and individuals with higher levels of attachment anxiety tend to be highly sensitive to rejection (Downey & Feldman, 1996), it follows that those with increased attachment anxiety may be especially fearful of becoming fat.MethodsUndergraduate psychology students (n = 148) completed surveys measuring attachment, binge eating, and fear of becoming fat.ResultsThe data demonstrate that attachment anxiety is positively associated with a fear of becoming fat (β = .30,p < .001) and binge eating mediates this relationship. In other words, binge eating underlies the fear of becoming fat.DiscussionThese findings contribute to a more refined understanding of binge eating which may create pathways for professionals to develop targeted interventions.
Rock magnetic investigation and its geological significance for vein‐type uranium deposits in southern China
Authors: Ge Kunpeng , Liu Qingsong , Deng Juzhi , Nobes David , Wang Yang , Wang Yanguo , Chen Xiao 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTo characterize the metallogenic environment of a typical vein‐type uranium deposit, samples from diabase dykes, alteration zones including metamorphic diabase and uranium ore, and granites were systematically investigated for six boreholes from southeastern China. Rock magnetic results indicate that coarse‐grained magnetites (pseudosingle domain, PSD, and multidomain, MD) are dominant magnetic carriers in diabase. In contrast, the uranium ore is dominated by fine‐grained magnetites (superparamagnetic, SP, and single‐domain, SD). The concentration of magnetic particles in fresh granites is low. Magnetic properties of metamorphic diabases exhibit much greater variability of magnetic properties and higher degrees of sulfuration than unaltered diabase and granite, due to contact metasomatism and reduction effects close to the vein. Compared with diabase, magnetic remanence of the uranium ore is much lower, but displays much higher stability. The Koenigsberger ratio Q peaks in the uranium ore with a value of ∼1.00. Using the systematic rock magnetic results to constrain the interpretation, the contribution of the intersection zone of diabase dyke and silicified fault to magnetic anomalies was further modeled, and the effects of the ore body are significant for magnetic exploration. Overall, rock magnetic investigations of vein‐type uranium deposit provide a better understanding of the interactions between different rock types, and further facilitate regional magnetic surveys on the ground.
Lithospheric thickness estimation beneathNorthwesternSouthAmerica from anS‐wave receiver function analysis
Authors: Blanco J. Faustino , Vargas Carlos A. , Monsalve Gaspar 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe make use of theS‐to‐Preceiver function technique beneath Colombia and neighboring regions to make a first‐order approximation of the depth of the Lithosphere‐Asthenosphere Boundary (LAB) and, therefore, of lithospheric thickness. A deconvolution technique was used to calculate the receiver functions, and after a moveout correction and a time‐depth conversion, LAB depths for different tectonic regions of northwestern South America were obtained. Results are typically between 65 and 110 km, consistent with previous estimates around the world and other regions in South America. Lithospheric thickness beneath an oceanic island in the Caribbean is ∼80 km, whereas for the Ecuador‐Colombia Trench it is ∼65 km, and around 100 km for the Panama Arc. The transition to the continent is associated with an increase in LAB depth, where it can reach ∼110 km, with no significant differences among terranes and/or tectonic blocks.
Interactive nature of climate change and aerosol forcing
Authors: Nazarenko L. , Rind D. , Tsigaridis K. , Del Genio A. D. , Kelley M. , Tausnev N. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe effect of changing cloud cover on climate, based on cloud‐aerosol interactions, is one of the major unknowns for climate forcing and climate sensitivity. It has two components: (1) the impact of aerosols on clouds and climate due to in situ interactions (i.e., rapid response) and (2) the effect of aerosols on the cloud feedback that arises as climate changes—climate feedback response. We examine both effects utilizing the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE2 to assess the indirect effect, with both mass‐based and microphysical aerosol schemes, in transient twentieth century simulations. We separate the rapid response and climate feedback effects by making simulations with a coupled version of the model as well as one with no sea surface temperature or sea ice response (“atmosphere‐only” simulations). We show that the indirect effect of aerosols on temperature is altered by the climate feedbacks following the ocean response, and this change differs depending upon which aerosol model is employed. Overall, the effective radiative forcing (ERF) for the “direct effect” of aerosol‐radiation interaction (ERFari) ranges between −0.2 and −0.6 W m−2 for atmosphere‐only experiments, while the total effective radiative forcing, including the indirect effect (ERFari+aci) varies between about −0.4 and −1.1 W m−2 for atmosphere‐only simulations; both ranges are in agreement with those given in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2013). Including the full feedback of the climate system lowers these ranges to −0.2 to −0.5 W m−2 for ERFari and −0.3 to −0.74 W m−2 for ERFari+aci. With both aerosol schemes, the climate change feedbacks have reduced the global average indirect radiative effect of atmospheric aerosols relative to what the emission changes would have produced, at least partially due to its effect on tropical upper tropospheric clouds.
Retracted: Methane emissions from the Marcellus Shale in southwestern Pennsylvania and northern West Virginia based on airborne measurements
Authors: Ren Xinrong , Hall Dolly L. , Vinciguerra Timothy , Benish Sarah E. , Stratton Phillip R. , Ahn Doyeon , Hansford Jonathan R. , Cohen Mark D. , Sahu Sayantan , He Hao , Grimes Courtney , Salawitch Ross J. , Ehrman Sheryl H. , Dickerson Russell R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNatural gas production in the U.S. has increased rapidly over the past decade, along with concerns about methane (CH4) leakage (total fugitive emissions), and climate impacts. Quantification of CH4 emissions from oil and natural gas (O&NG) operations is important for establishing scientifically sound, cost‐effective policies for mitigating greenhouse gases. We use aircraft measurements and a mass balance approach for three flight experiments in August and September 2015 to estimate CH4 emissions from O&NG operations in the southwestern Marcellus Shale region. We estimate the mean ± 1σ CH4 emission rate as 36.7 ± 1.9 kg CH4 s−1 (or 1.16 ± 0.06 Tg CH4 yr−1) with 59% coming from O&NG operations. We estimate the mean ± 1σ CH4 leak rate from O&NG operations as 3.9 ± 0.4% with a lower limit of 1.5% and an upper limit of 6.3%. This leak rate is broadly consistent with the results from several recent top‐down studies but higher than the results from a few other observational studies as well as in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency CH4 emission inventory. However, a substantial source of CH4 was found to contain little ethane (C2H6), possibly due to coalbed CH4 emitted either directly from coalmines or from wells drilled through coalbed layers. Although recent regulations requiring capture of gas from the completion venting step of the hydraulic fracturing appear to have reduced losses, our study suggests that for a 20 year time scale, energy derived from the combustion of natural gas extracted from this region will require further controls before it can exert a net climate benefit compared to coal.
Regiocontrolled Direct C−H Arylation of Indoles at the C4 and C5 Positions
Authors: Yang Youqing , Gao Pan , Zhao Yue , Shi Zhuangzhi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAn effective and practical strategy has been established for the direct and site‐selective arylation of indoles at the C4 and C5 positions with the aid of a readily accessible, cheap, and removable pivaloyl directing group at the C3 position. This transformation shows good functional‐group tolerance and could serve as a powerful synthetic tool for the synthesis of medicinally relevant compounds. This method and those developed in previous research together enable the regiocontrolled direct arylation of indole at each C−H bond without prefunctionalization of the reactive sites.
C=C π Bond Modified Graphitic Carbon Nitride Films for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Cell Performance
Authors: Bian Juncao , Xi Lifei , Li Jianfu , Xiong Ze , Huang Chao , Lange Kathrin M. , Tang Jinyao , Shalom Menny , Zhang Rui‐Qin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractApplications of graphitic carbon nitride (g‐CN) in photoelectrochemical and optoelectronic devices are still hindered due to the difficulties in synthesis of g‐CN films with tunable chemical, physical and catalytic properties. Herein we present a general method to alter the electronic and photoelectrochemical properties of g‐CN films by annealing. We found that N atoms can be removed from the g‐CN networks after annealing treatment. Assisted by theoretical calculations, we confirm that upon appropriate N removal, the adjacent C atoms will form new C=C π bonds. Detailed calculations demonstrate that the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) are located at the structure unit with C=C π bonds and the electrons are more delocalized. Valence band X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra together with optical absorption spectra unveil that the structure changes result in the alteration of the g‐CN energy levels and position of band edges. Our results show that the photocurrent density of the annealed g‐CN film is doubled compared with the pristine one, thanks to the better charge separation and transport within the film induced by the new C=C π bonds. An ultrathin TiO2 film (2.2 nm) is further deposited on the g‐CN film as stabilizer and the photocurrent density is kept at 0.05 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode after two‐cycle stability assessment. This work enables the applications of g‐CN films in many electronic and optoelectronic devices.
L‐Step Reachability and Observability of Networked Control Systems with Bandwidth Limitations: Feasible Lower Bounds on Communication Periods
Authors: Share Pasand Mohammad Mahdi , Montazeri Mosen 
Published: March 2017

AbstractConditions for l‐step reachability and observability of a networked control system subject to bandwidth limitations are given. Short feasible lower bounds for a communication sequence period resulting in a l‐step reachable (observable) networked control system are derived without assuming any condition on the plant eigenvalues/eigenvectors. Though larger than some previously reported results, the established lower bounds do not require additional constraints on system eigenvalues. The proposed results cover systems with bandwidths equal to or greater than unity. Some further remarks on short feasible lower bounds in the case of non‐invertible state matrices, the relation between admissibility of communication sequences and structural properties of the zero order hold system state space description, and the connection between observability in zero order hold and reset to zero cases are drawn as well. A numerical example is included for clarification and comparison.
Discrete‐Time Super‐Twisting Guidance Law with Actuator Faults Consideration
Authors: He Shaoming , Wang Wei , Wang Jiang 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper proposes a robust fault‐tolerant guidance law against unknown maneuvering targets based on discrete‐time sliding mode control theory. To address this problem, a time‐delay observer is designed to estimate the lumped disturbance, which includes target maneuver as well as actuator faults. A robust discrete‐time guidance law is then synthesized based on the discrete‐time super‐twisting algorithm. Due to the principle of the super‐twisting algorithm, the presented guidance law is a naturally chattering‐free formulation. Detailed stability analysis shows that the line‐of‐sight angular rate under the proposed guidance law can be stabilized in a small region around zero. Simulation results are also provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
A case of efficacy of bendamustine in heavily pretreated multiple myeloma, refractory to pomalidomide
Authors: Cerchione Claudio , Nappi Davide , Di Perna Maria , Zacheo Irene , Migliaccio Ilaria , Salvatore Dalila , Picardi Marco , Pane Fabrizio , Catalano Lucio 
Published: March 2017

Key Clinical MessageIn this report, we would like to highlight the efficacy of bendamustine in a heavily pretreated patient, also refractory to pomalidomide. It is conceivable that different therapy combinations in heavily treated Multiple myeloma (MM) have to be explored, without “a priori” exclusion of ancient drugs, even after failure of the ultimate pharmacological options.