bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparisons of periodontal regenerative therapies: A meta‐analysis on the long‐term efficacy
Authors: Wu Yun‐Chun , Lin Liang‐Ko , Song Cheng‐Jie , Su Yu‐Xuan , Tu Yu‐Kang 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAimWe conducted a meta‐analysis for the long‐term differences in treatment outcomes between periodontal regeneration therapies and flap operation.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted using the EMBASE, PubMed and Cochrane databases up to June 2016. Treatment outcomes were changes in probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level. We extracted data reported at different time points after periodontal surgery and incorporated all data into the same model. The restricted cubic spline regression was used to estimate the non‐linear trend in treatment outcomes. As some studies reported outcomes at multiple time points, we considered several correlation structures for data reported by the same study.ResultsA total of 52 randomized controlled trials were included in our longitudinal meta‐analysis. The follow‐up length ranged from 0.5 year to 10 years. The trends in the treatment outcomes were similar under different correlation structures. Enamel matrix derivatives (EMD) and guided tissue regeneration (GTR) achieved greater probing pocket depth (PPD) reduction and clinical attachment level (CAL) gain than flap operation (FO) in the long‐term follow up, but no differences were found between EMD and GTR.ConclusionCompared with FO, periodontal regeneration surgeries achieved greater PPD reduction and gain in CAL after 1 year, and its effects may last for 5–10 years.
Development and validation of a condition‐specific measure for chronic periodontitis: Oral health impact profile for chronic periodontitis
Authors: He Songlin , Wang Jinhua , Wei Shicheng , Ji Ping 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to develop and validate the first condition‐specific tool to assess oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) impairment in association with chronic periodontitis and to use it as an outcome measure in clinical trials.MethodsTwenty‐three potential items were developed using a combined method consisting of a literature review, semi‐structured patient interviews (n = 20) and expert panel 1. Subsequently, item selection was carried out by means of qualitative content analysis and quantitative classical test theory (CTT) with 110 patients and expert panel 2. Consequently, 18 items were selected and included in the final oral health impact profile for chronic periodontitis (OHIP‐CP) instrument. The validity and reliability of the OHIP‐CP were then examined.ResultsA total of 238 patients participated in the validation phase of OHIP‐CP. The final 18‐item questionnaire was shown to have a three‐domain structure. The three components “pain and functional limitation”, “psychological discomfort” and “psychological disability and social handicap” explained 49.9%, 9.9%, and 6.2% of the variance, respectively, together accounting for 66.1% of the variance. In addition, the OHIP‐CP was shown to be valid in distinguishing patients with varying severity of chronic periodontitis. For the convergent validity, the reported impact of chronic periodontitis based on the OHIP‐CP significantly correlated with the global oral health rating. All of its three domains were found to have good levels of internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha >.7, and excellent test‐retest reliability.ConclusionThe OHIP‐CP is the first condition‐specific OHRQoL instrument for patients with chronic periodontitis. This short, reliable and valid questionnaire may serve as a valuable tool in future clinical trials.
Implementing a Pain Self‐Management Protocol in Home Care: A Cluster‐Randomized Pragmatic Trial
Authors: Reid M. Carrington , Henderson Charles R. , Trachtenberg Melissa A. , Beissner Katherine L. , Bach Eileen , Barrón Yolanda , Sridharan Sridevi , Murtaugh Christopher M. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesTo determine the effectiveness of a cognitive–behavioral pain self‐management (CBPSM) protocol delivered by physical therapists (PTs) for use by older adults with activity‐limiting pain receiving home care.DesignA randomized pragmatic trial comparing delivery of the intervention plus usual care with usual care alone.SettingCommunity.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 55 and older admitted with orders for physical therapy who endorsed activity‐limiting pain and reported pain scores of 3 or greater on a scale from 0 to 10 (N = 588).InterventionA CBPSM protocol delivered by PTs.MeasurementsPrimary outcomes were assessed at 60 days using validated measures of pain‐related disability, pain intensity, gait speed, and number of activity of daily living (ADL) deficits.ResultsOf 588 participants, 285 received care from a PT randomized to the intervention and 303 from a PT randomized to the usual care group. Both groups had significant reductions in pain‐related disability, pain intensity, and ADL limitations and improved gait speed. No significant treatment differences were identified. There were no consistent treatment differences when interactions and subgroups were examined.ConclusionThis real‐world pragmatic trial found no effect of implementation of a pain self‐management intervention in a home care setting. Despite the lack of positive findings, future studies are indicated to determine how similar protocols that have been found to be effective in efficacy studies can be successfully implemented in routine clinical care.
Functional and structural plasticity in the primary somatosensory cortex associated with chronic pain
Authors: Kim Woojin , Kim Sun Kwang , Nabekura Junichi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTissue or nerve injury induces widespread plastic changes from the periphery and spinal cord up to the cortex, resulting in chronic pain. Although many clinicians and researchers have extensively studied altered nociceptive signaling and neural circuit plasticity at the spinal cord level, effective treatments to ameliorate chronic pain are still insufficient. For about the last two decades, the rapid development in macroscopic brain imaging studies on humans and animal models have revealed maladaptive plastic changes in the ‘pain matrix’ brain regions, which may subsequently contribute to chronic pain. Among these brain regions, our group has concentrated for many years on the primary somatosensory (S1) cortex with a help of advanced imaging techniques and has found the functional and structural changes in neurons/glia as well as individual synapses in the S1 cortex during chronic pain. Taken together, it is now believed that such S1 plasticity is one of the causes for chronic pain, not a simple and passive epiphenomenon following tissue/nerve injury as previously thought. In this small review, we discuss the relation of plasticity in the S1 cortex with chronic pain, based on clinical trials and experimental studies conducted on this field.This article is part of the special article series “Pain”.
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Methyl CpG level at distal part of heat‐shock protein promoter HSP70 exhibits epigenetic memory for heat stress by modulating recruitment of POU2F1‐associated nucleosome‐remodeling deacetylase (NuRD) complex
Authors: Kisliouk Tatiana , Cramer Tomer , Meiri Noam 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDepending on its stringency, exposure to heat in early life leads to either resilience or vulnerability to heat stress later in life. We hypothesized that epigenetic alterations in genes belonging to the cell proteostasis pathways are attributed to long‐term responses to heat stress. Epigenetic regulation of the mRNA expression of the molecular chaperone heat‐shock protein (HSP) 70 (HSPA2) was evaluated in the chick hypothalamus during the critical period of thermal‐control establishment on day 3 post‐hatch and during heat challenge on day 10. Both the level and duration of HSP70 expression during heat challenge a week after heat conditioning were more pronounced in chicks conditioned under harsh versus mild temperature. Analyzing different segments of the promoter in vitro indicated that methylation of a distal part altered its transcriptional activity. In parallel, DNA‐methylation level of this segment in vivo was higher in harsh‐ compared to mild‐heat‐conditioned chicks. Hypermethylation of the HSP70 promoter in high‐temperature‐conditioned chicks was accompanied by a reduction in both POU Class 2 Homeobox 1 (POU2F1) binding and recruitment of the nucleosome remodeling deacetylase (NuRD) chromatin‐remodeling complex. As a result, histone H3 acetylation levels at the HSP70 promoter were higher in harsh‐temperature‐conditioned chicks than in their mild‐heat‐conditioned counterparts. These results suggest that methylation level of a distal part of the HSP70 promoter and POU2F1 recruitment may reflect heat‐stress‐related epigenetic memory and may be useful in differentiating between individuals that are resilient or vulnerable to stress.
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Rapid Diagnosis of Soya Bean Root Rot Caused by Fusarium culmorum Using a Loop‐Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay
Authors: Zeng Dandan , Ye Wenwu , Xu Miao , Lu Chenchen , Tian Qing , Zheng Xiaobo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe report a rapid diagnosis of soya bean (Glycine max L.) root rot caused by Fusarium culmorum, using a loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay. We used the CYP51C gene sequence to design LAMP assay primers specific for F. culmorum. The LAMP assay amplified the target gene efficiently in 60 min at 63°C. The sensitivity of the assay was 100 pg/μl of genomic DNA. Among the tested soya bean pathogens, a positive colour (sky blue) was only observed in the presence of F. culmorum with the addition of hydroxynaphthol blue (HNB) dye prior to amplification, whereas other species isolates showed no colour change. Suspected diseased soya bean samples collected in the field from Jiangsu, Shandong and Anhui provinces and Beijing were diagnosed successfully using the LAMP assay reported here. This study provides a new and readily available method for rapid diagnosis of soya bean root rot caused by F. culmorum.
Association of Copper and Zinc Levels in Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) to the Spatial Distribution of Ganoderma Species in the Plantations on Peat
Authors: Rakib Mohd Rashid Mohd , Bong Choon‐Fah Joseph , Khairulmazmi Ahmad , Idris Abu Seman , Jalloh Mohamadu Boyie , Ahmed Osumanu Haruna 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNutrients are essential for normal physiological processes in plants, and they play important roles in defence mechanisms against pathogens. Oil palms cultivated on peat are more prone to nutrient deficiency, especially micronutrients, and this may affect their susceptibility to Ganoderma species, the major threat to the sustainability of oil palm throughout South‐East Asia. This study was conducted to investigate the association of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in mature oil palm to the spatial distribution of Ganoderma species in the plantations on peat. Foliar samples (frond 17) of oil palm from two plantations (Betong and Miri) on peat in Sarawak, Malaysia, were collected based on the spatial distribution pattern of Ganoderma, and total Cu and Zn were quantified spectrometrically. The experiment was conducted twice at a 1‐year interval. The concentrations of Cu and Zn were significantly lower in oil palms from infected areas in contrast to those from uninfected areas. In addition, oil palms in infected areas in Miri suffered Cu and Zn deficiencies. Furthermore, Cu and Zn were significantly lower in the oil palms in Miri that had higher Ganoderma occurrence, as compared to those in Betong, which had significantly higher Cu and Zn but lower Ganoderma occurrence.
Polyphenols in Eucalyptus leaves improved the egg and meat qualities and protected against ethanol‐induced oxidative damage in laying hens
Authors: Chen Y. , Chen H. , Li W. , Miao J. , Chen N. , Shao X. , Cao Y. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryPolyphenols in Eucalyptus leaves (PE) were value resources due to various pharmacological activities, but data on the effect on laying hens are very scare. This study was conducted to determine the effect of PE on the laying performance, egg traits, meat quality, antioxidant status and liver tissues of laying hens. One hundred and twenty 256‐day‐old Yueqinhuang laying hens were randomly assigned to four treatment groups (different levels of PE at 0, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.2 g/kg diet) for 63 days with 15 replicates per group. Addition of 0.8 g/kg PE not only improved the egg trait by increasing the eggshell thickness and decreasing MDA production and cholesterol content in the egg yolk, but also significantly enhanced meat quality of hens, as suggested by the increase pH45 min (p < .01) and a* value, and decrease drip loss rate (p < .01). Meanwhile, under acute ethanol‐induced oxidative damage condition, supplementation of 0.8 g/kg PE enhanced the serum antioxidant status by increasing enzymatic activities (GSH‐PX, T‐SOD, T‐AOC), inhibited oxidative damage and provided protective effect to liver tissue. In conclusion, addition of 0.8 g/kg PE not only improved the egg traits and meat quality without obvious adverse effects, but also increased the serum antioxidant status of the hens and protected their liver tissue from ethanol‐induced oxidative damage. This study indicated that PE could be utilized as an effective feed additive for laying hens to improve health performance and egg traits.
Population transcriptomes reveal synergistic responses of DNA polymorphism and RNA expression to extreme environments on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau in a predatory bird
Authors: Pan Shengkai , Zhang Tongzuo , Rong Zhengqin , Hu Li , Gu Zhongru , Wu Qi , Dong Shanshan , Liu Qiong , Lin Zhenzhen , Deutschova Lucia , Li Xinhai , Dixon Andrew , Bruford Michael W. , Zhan Xiangjiang 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLow oxygen and temperature pose key physiological challenges for endotherms living on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Molecular adaptations to high‐altitude living have been detected in the genomes of Tibetans, their domesticated animals and a few wild species, but the contribution of transcriptional variation to altitudinal adaptation remains to be determined. Here we studied a top QTP predator, the saker falcon, and analysed how the transcriptome has become modified to cope with the stresses of hypoxia and hypothermia. Using a hierarchical design to study saker populations inhabiting grassland, steppe/desert and highland across Eurasia, we found that the QTP population is already distinct despite having colonized the Plateau <2000 years ago. Selection signals are limited at the cDNA level, but of only seventeen genes identified, three function in hypoxia and four in immune response. Our results show a significant role for RNA transcription: 50% of upregulated transcription factors were related to hypoxia responses, differentiated modules were significantly enriched for oxygen transport, and importantly, divergent EPAS1 functional variants with a refined co‐expression network were identified. Conservative gene expression and relaxed immune gene variation may further reflect adaptation to hypothermia. Our results exemplify synergistic responses between DNA polymorphism and RNA expression diversity in coping with common stresses, underpinning the successful rapid colonization of a top predator onto the QTP. Importantly, molecular mechanisms underpinning highland adaptation involve relatively few genes, but are nonetheless more complex than previously thought and involve fine‐tuned transcriptional responses and genomic adaptation.
Mucormycosis at a tertiary care centre in Gujarat, India
Authors: Patel Atul K. , Patel Ketan K. , Patel Kamlesh , Gohel Swati , Chakrabarti Arunaloke 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe prevalence of mucormycosis is reportedly high in India, although the studies are mainly from north and south India only. We analysed the mucormycosis cases at tertiary care centres of West India. We retrieved the clinical details of all the patients with probable and proven mucormycosis diagnosed at Sterling Hospital and ID clinic at Ahmedabad, Gujarat over the period from 1 January 2013 through 30 April 2015. The data were analysed to determine demography, risk factors, underlying diseases, site of infection and outcome of these patients. A total of 27 patients with the median age of 50 (16‐65) years were diagnosed with mucormycosis during the period. Rhino‐orbital‐cerebral mucormycosis was the most common (51.9%) presentation. Majority (55.6%) of the patients had uncontrolled diabetes with or without ketoacidosis; 25.9% patients had no underlying disease and most of them (85.7%) had cutaneous mucormycosis. In this group, the mortality was 25.9% and an equal percentage of patients were lost to follow up; 14 (51.9%) patients could complete 6 weeks of amphotericin B therapy. All patients who completed antifungal therapy survived except one. Like other parts of India, uncontrolled diabetes was the predominant risk factor for mucormycosis in our group. Patients completing 6 weeks of amphotericin B treatment were likely to survive.
Starch as a determinant of plant fitness under abiotic stress
Authors: Thalmann Matthias , Santelia Diana 
Published: March 2017

Contents

Summary
943

I.
Introduction
943

II.
Multiple functions of starch metabolism
944

III.
Starch metabolism during abiotic stress
945

IV.
Enzymes involved in stress‐induced reorganization of starch metabolism
945

V.
Regulation of starch metabolism during abiotic stress
948

VI.
Conclusions and outlook
949

Acknowledgements
950

References
950

SummaryAbiotic stresses, such as drought, high salinity and extreme temperatures, pose one of the most important constraints to plant growth and productivity in many regions of the world. A number of investigations have shown that plants, including several important crops, remobilize their starch reserve to release energy, sugars and derived metabolites to help mitigate the stress. This is an essential process for plant fitness with important implications for plant productivity under challenging environmental conditions. In this Tansley insight, we evaluate the current literature on starch metabolism in response to abiotic stresses, and discuss the key enzymes involved and how they are regulated.
E+ subgroup PPR protein defective kernel 36 is required for multiple mitochondrial transcripts editing and seed development in maize and Arabidopsis
Authors: Wang Gang , Zhong Mingyu , Shuai Bilian , Song Jiandong , Zhang Jie , Han Liang , Ling Huiling , Tang Yuanping , Wang Guifeng , Song Rentao 
Published: March 2017

Summary

Mitochondria are semi‐autonomous organelles that are the powerhouse of the cells. Plant mitochondrial RNA editing guided by pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins is essential for energy production.

We identify a maize defective kernel mutant dek36, which produces small and collapsed kernels, leading to embryos and/or seedlings lethality. Seed filling in dek36 is drastically impaired, in line with the defects observed in the organization of endosperm transfer tissue. Positional cloning reveals that DEK36, encoding a mitochondria‐targeted E+ subgroup PPR protein, is required for mitochondrial RNA editing at atp4‐59, nad7‐383 and ccmFN‐302, thus resulting in decreased activities of mitochondrial complex I, complex III and complex IV in dek36.

Loss‐of‐function of its Arabidopsis ortholog At DEK36 causes arrested embryo and endosperm development, leading to embryo lethality. At_dek36 also has RNA editing defects in atp4, nad7, ccmFN1 and ccmFN2, but at the nonconserved sites. Importantly, efficiency of all editing sites in ccmFN1, ccmFN2 and rps12 is severely decreased in At_dek36, probably caused by the impairment of their RNA stabilization.

These results suggest that the DEK36 orthologue pair are essential for embryo and endosperm development in both maize and Arabidopsis, but through divergent function in regulating RNA metabolism of their mitochondrial targets.
Weight gain adequacy and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Viecceli C. , Remonti L.R. , Hirakata V.N. , Mastella L.S. , Gnielka V. , Oppermann M.L.R. , Silveiro S.P. , Reichelt A.J. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe Institute of Medicine updated guidelines for gestational weight gain in 2009, with no special recommendations for gestational diabetes. Our objectives were to describe the prevalence of weight gain adequacy and their association with adverse pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE and SCOPUS. We calculated the pooled prevalence of gain adequacy and relative risks for pregnancy outcomes within Institute of Medicine categories. Thirty‐three studies/abstracts (88,599 women) were included. Thirty‐one studies provided data on the prevalence of weight gain adequacy; it was adequate in 34% (95% CI: 29–39%) of women, insufficient in 30% (95% CI: 27–34%) and excessive in 37% (95% CI: 33–41%). Excessive gain was associated with increased risks of pharmacological treatment, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, caesarean section, large for gestational age and macrosomic babies, compared to adequate or non‐excessive gain. Weight gain below the guidance had a protective effect on large babies (RR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.56–0.90) and macrosomia (RR 0.57; 95% CI 0.40–0.83), and did not increase the risk of small babies (RR 1.40; 95% CI 0.86–2.27). Less than recommended weight gain would be beneficial, while effective prevention of excessive gain is of utmost importance, in gestational diabetes pregnancies. Nevertheless, no ideal range for weight gain could be established.
Dynamic metabolic responses of brown planthoppers towards susceptible and resistant rice plants
Authors: Liu Caixiang , Du Ba , Hao Fuhua , Lei Hehua , Wan Qianfen , He Guangcun , Wang Yulan , Tang Huiru 
Published: March 2017

SummaryBrown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål, BPH) causes huge economic losses in rice‐growing regions, and new strategies for combating BPH are required. To understand how BPHs respond towards BPH‐resistant plants, we systematically analysed the metabolic differences between BPHs feeding on the resistant and susceptible plants using NMR and GC‐FID/MS. We also measured the expression of some related genes involving glycolysis and biosyntheses of trehalose, amino acids, chitin and fatty acids using real‐time PCR. BPH metabonome was dominated by more than 60 metabolites including fatty acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, nucleosides/nucleotides and TCA cycle intermediates. After initial 12 h, BPHs feeding on the resistant plants had lower levels of amino acids, glucose, fatty acids and TCA cycle intermediates than on the susceptible ones. The levels of these metabolites recovered after 24 h feeding. This accompanied with increased level in trehalose, choline metabolites and nucleosides/nucleotides compared with BPH feeding on the susceptible plants. Decreased levels of BPH metabolites at the early feeding probably resulted from less BPH uptakes of sap from resistant plants and recovery of BPH metabolites at the later stage probably resulted from their adaptation to the adverse environment with their increased hopping frequency to ingest more sap together with contributions from yeast‐like symbionts in BPHs. Throughout 96 h, BPH feeding on the resistant plants showed significant up‐regulation of chitin synthase catalysing biosynthesis of chitin for insect exoskeleton, peritrophic membrane lining gut and tracheae. These findings provided useful metabolic information for understanding the BPH–rice interactions and perhaps for developing new BPH‐combating strategies.