bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accelerating Museum AI Research and Application at the UK Natural History Museum: The NHM AI Lab Programme
Authors: Poon Sanson , Scott Ben , Salili-James Arianna , Smith Vincent 
Published: September 2024

The United Kingdom's Natural History Museum (NHM) AI Lab Programme represents a pioneering initiative aimed at harnessing the power of artificial intelligence (AI) to bridge the gap between the museum's extensive collection and cutting-edge AI technologies. Despite its immense potential, the application of AI in museum research remains nascent (e.g., He et al. 2024), with some individual research groups pursuing independent projects without cohesive collaboration with AI experts who know or have experience in similar endeavours. Moreover, differing standards in utilising AI among researchers add complexity to the field. The NHM AI Lab Programme addresses these challenges by co-creating AI pilot projects that bring together the NHM's collection, academic researchers, and AI experts.
The NHM AI Lab Programme serves as a nexus for interdisciplinary collaboration, offering expertise in AI, machine learning, data science, and software engineering to support NHM researchers. Through one-to-one consultations and collaborative research projects, the NHM AI Lab Programme facilitates the integration of innovative AI-driven technologies into streamlining digitisation workflows and enhancing Earth and Life Science research at the NHM.
In less than a year since its inception, our Programme has achieved several milestones, hosting around 20 diverse projects. These include research projects such as the application of AI for the automatic detection and identification of nannofossils in chalk, the classification of ancient shark and dinosaur teeth, the prediction of mammal disease outbreaks, and the extraction of data from historical bird egg records. Additional projects focus on the automation of mineral analysis and the detection of secondary impact craters on planetary surfaces using AI. Some led to journal publications (e.g., He et al. 2024), while others streamlined NHM researchers' workflows, enhancing their processes of research and digitisation. Moreover, several initiatives have paved the way for new funding streams and collaborative ventures, as well as promising commercial prospects. Certain projects have pioneered the creation or transformation of datasets to meet AI-ready standards, such as data quality, consistency, accessibility, usability, and data governance protocols, helping to embed AI practices into NHM research.
This AI Lab Programme can act as a model for other institutions addressing a similar challenge of bridging the gap between AI and their research and collections. This presentation provides insights into the establishment and operation of the NHM AI Lab Programme, shares experiences, highlights successful collaborations, discusses challenges encountered, and outlines future directions.
MULHER E TRABALHO: UMA AVALIAÇÃO DOS PLANOS ESTADUAIS DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA MULHERES DO ESTADO DO PARANÁ – BRASIL (2014-2021)
Authors: Izepão Rosalina Lima , Celeste Carolina Sanches 
Published: September 2024

Nas últimas décadas, em especial a partir da promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988, as mulheres brasileiras têm conseguido ampliar seus espaços em vários setores da sociedade. Historicamente tem sido uma luta árdua e que envolvem múltiplos fatores e políticas públicas. No presente artigo foram analisados os dois planos estaduais de políticas públicas para mulheres do Paraná (2014-2016) e (2018-2021), respectivamente, com ênfase no tema “trabalho”. O objetivo foi verificar a importância destes planos enquanto instrumentos de políticas governamentais direcionadas à mulher paranaense. Metodologicamente se tratou de uma pesquisa bibliográfico-documental, onde foram utilizadas fontes primárias e secundárias. Os resultados mostraram que a mulher paranaense é maioria quando o assunto é demografia e número de eleitores. No entanto, recebem salários menores que os homens, mesmo tendo a mesma função e grau de escolaridade. Da mesma forma, se destacam quando o assunto é desemprego. Nestes aspectos, as políticas públicas governamentais têm contribuído para a redução destas desigualdades de gênero, embora de maneira incipiente e os planos têm sido um dos instrumentos importantes para proposição de tais políticas.
O PERFIL DO PROFISSIONAL COM FORMAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS ECONÔMICAS EXIGIDO PELO MERCADO DE TRABALHO
Authors: CARPES ANTONIO MARIA DA , Pirolla Arildo 
Published: September 2024

O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar o perfil do profissional com formação em ciências econômicas exigido pelo mercado de trabalho. A pesquisa justifica-se no campo teórico por preencher a lacuna que se apresenta pelo escasso número de pesquisas nessa área. No campo prático por trazer evidências sobre as perspectivas de demanda por profissionais de ciências econômicas pelo mercado de trabalho dos economistas. O estudo é de natureza descritiva, de caráter documental e predominantemente qualitativo. A coleta de dados foi realizada nas homepage das empresas de recrutamento e seleção Manager Empregos, Catho e Michael Page. Coletou-se 818 anúncios no período delimitado entre o mês de fevereiro a junho do ano de 2015. Os resultados analisados foram segregados em níveis hierárquicos (estratégico, gerencial e operacional). Os resultados apontam para um profissional multidisciplinar com inúmeros desafios num mercado de trabalho que envolve outros profissionais com competências semelhantes: administrador, contador, engenheiro, entre outros.
Palavras-chave: Profissional; Economistas; Mercado.
Queering the role of hostel carers within the sexuality education of visually impaired learners
Authors: Ubisi Lindokuhle M. 
Published: September 2024

Background: Literature suggests that the comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) of children with disabilities (CwDs) remains located within parental and educators’ ecologies. However, very little focus has been given to the role of hostel carers, especially given that most special schools are mainly residential schools. As such, there is no policy, guidance, or training consideration for support staff such as hostel carers who equally play a care and support role for the CSE needs of CwDs.Objectives: The aim of this article was to explore how hostel carers in South African residential schools for the blind (SFB) perceived and responded to their role in providing CSE to visually impaired learners.Methods: Thirty-six hostel carers from three SFB were conveniently sampled and interviewed in separate focus group discussions. Queer theory underpinned this study, while the data generated was analysed thematically.Results: Given that visually impaired learners spend 9 months of the year in hostels to be given holistic institutional support, hostel carers reported assuming a major role in their CSE. But because they saw themselves as unqualified, outnumbered by learners, and inundated by other responsibilities (e.g. cooking and cleaning), they reported being powerless and incapable to sufficiently cater for the CSE needs of visually impaired learners.Conclusion: The study suggests that hostel carers have been neglected as care and support agents, despite playing a crucial role in the growing psychosexual needs of visually impaired learners.Contribution: A holistic approach to providing CSE to visually impaired learners incorporating carers is provided.
Application of E-textual research in Chinese Buddhist studies
Authors: Wang Liandong , Jia Min 
Published: September 2024

This article attempts to introduce the emerging research method of E-textual research into the study of Chinese Buddhism. By outlining the origin and significance of E-textual research, it explores the potential of this endeavour. The application of E-textual research in the field of Buddhism is discussed to clarify its scope and operational procedures. The article also addresses the limitations of E-textual research, stemming from its inherent constraints and the impact of other emerging technologies. E-textual research is not merely a passing trend but offers further avenues for exploration, representing a novel approach for Buddhist studies to engage with new materials and questions in the digital age.Contribution: This article introduces the emerging research method of E-textual research into the study of Chinese Buddhism, outlining its background, operational procedures, existing limitations and future prospects. E-textual research is presented as a new method for addressing new materials and questions in the digital age.
Identification of bioactive compounds in Amphipterygium adstringens branch bark
Authors: Reyes-García Beatriz , Castillo-Juárez Israel , Díaz-Nuñez José L. , Rivera-Chávez José A. , Gutiérrez Jorge , Salomé-Abarca Luis F. , García-Esteva Antonio , López Mercedes G. , Nieto Blancas José J. , Sotelo-Barrera Mireya 
Published: September 2024

Background: Cuachalalate (Amphipterygium adstringens) is one of Mexico’s most commercialised medicinal plants, and its natural populations are mainly found in this country. The high demand for stem bark (SB) has risked its survival, making it necessary to develop sustainable strategies.Aim: This study aimed to identify bioactive compounds in branch bark (BB) and evaluate their antipathogenic and antivirulence capacities.Setting: The study was conducted in the low deciduous forest (LDF) of the State of Puebla, Mexico.Methods: Bioactive metabolites in BB were profiled by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). The chemical composition of aqueous bark extracts was scrutinised by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-EM-SQ-TOF system) and molecular network analysis. The folk method’s antipathogenic capacity was determined in a burn model in mice infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Finally, the antivirulence properties of bark organic extracts were determined.Results: The BB contained masticadienoic, 3α-hydroxymasticadienoic and anacardic acids, also present in SB. The aqueous extracts showed the presence of flavonoids, catechins and saponins in both barks. The folk method using BB extracts significantly reduced mouse mortality and prevented sepsis development. This might be related to the capability of extracts to block the production of bacteria virulence factors.Conclusion: The similarity in bioactive metabolites and biological activity between SB and BB of cuachalalate suggests that using BB as a medicinal agent could be a practical and sustainable strategy. This approach could potentially prevent the overexploitation of cuachalalate’s SB, contributing to its conservation.Contribution: This study proposes a sustainable strategy for using cuachalalate as a medicinal agent using BB, a renewable source.
Technological, organisational and environmental drivers of sustainability in hotels
Authors: Martin Lucas Maria , Moreno-Luna Libertad , Roets Aloysius O.S.B. , Al-Jaberi Sarmad 
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study aims to analyse the position of 155 hotel managers in Africa and Asia about implementing sustainability practices (SP) focussing their competitive advantage (CA). Sustainability practices and CA are explained through the technology-organisation-environment (TOE) framework within the hospitality, tourism and travel industries.Design/methodology/approach: The Structural Equation Model based on Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) methodology was applied to hotels in African countries, including South Africa, as well as Asia. Six variables were analysed in order to study the impact of SP in CA.Findings/results: Findings imply that technological advancements, organisational commitments and environmental considerations collectively foster robust SP in emerging economies. The adoption of eco-friendly technologies (TS), the integration of sustainable policies (OS) and adherence to environmental regulations (ES) collectively contribute to the sustainability goals of hotels.Practical implications: The study reveals that hotels in emerging markets should strategically emphasise the TOE framework to enhance SP and CA. Investing in advanced technologies, implementing effective organisational practices and adhering to environmental standards significantly improve sustainability performance.Originality/value: While the TOE model has been extensively studied across various industries, limited research has explored its application in tourism. This study uniquely investigates how SP can enhance CA in the tourism sector through comparative analysis.
Preferred problem-solving methods employed by Grade 4 learners for measurement word problems
Authors: Govender Rajendran , Adendorff Stanley A. , Rawoot Shabbeer 
Published: September 2024

Background: Problem-solving as a vehicle to develop independent thinking skills is mostly underestimated and is often either overlooked or not given adequate attention within the existing South African mathematics curriculum. Consequently, numerous learners often display limited skills or lack skills to adequately crack Mathematics problems by applying methods put forward in class. This generally results in under-achievement.Aim: This study aims to explore and emphasise the problem-solving methods applied by Grade 4 learners involved in solving measurement word problems, and to reveal what transpires when the selected learners apply these methods to arrive at meaningful solutions.Setting: Data were collected from a class of 42 Grade 4 learners at a primary school in Cape Town South Africa. Learners were conveniently selected.Methods: A qualitative case study research design was adopted. Data gathering instruments of the study included observing learners solving, measurement word problem activities and focus group interviews.Results: The study revealed that singular methods were applied by Grade 4 learners, such as, adding, multiplying, creating a sketch or diagram, grouping, dividing, subtracting, logical reasoning, guessing and tabulating values.Conclusion: Grade 4 learners are prone to applying methods such as clustering or organising into groups, tabulating numerical values and logical reasoning were all applying mathematically sound methods. Such learners, however, needed a degree of supervision and instruction to indicate the way in which such methods were applied successfully as these methods were not necessarily dealt with in classroom context or in textbooks.Contribution: The findings emphasise the need for tackling learners’ limited problem-solving competencies and accentuate the necessity for greater attention to develop and grow methods for optimal and successful solving of problems in context.
Changes in patient-reported outcomes during admission to a South African psychiatric facility
Authors: Motshudi Lerato , Hann Cherie-Dee , Kloppers Marilee , Luhandjula Thierry , Phalatse Tiro , Pretorius Damien , Smith Dianne , Smith Manuela , Van der Westhuizen Marius , Rodseth Reitze N. 
Published: September 2024

Background: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are used as part of clinical practice to determine the impact of the condition and treatment interventions on a patient’s health and quality of life. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is a self-administered diagnostic tool that has been widely adopted for the detection and monitoring of depression.Aim: This analysis reports the change in PHQ-9 scores from admission to discharge in patients admitted for depression to a South African acute psychiatric facility and aims to quantify the treatment effect of the admission using the PHQ-9 as the measurement tool.Setting: South African acute psychiatric facility.Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of all patients admitted to Netcare Akeso acute psychiatric facilities from 01 January 2018 to 31 October 2022. Patients were included if they were ≥ 18 years of age, admitted with a primary International Classification of Disease (ICD)-10 code for depression (i.e. F32–F33) and fully completed both an admission and discharge PHQ-9 questionnaire. We excluded facilities focusing only on the treatment of patients with specialised conditions such as addiction or eating disorders.Results: This analysis included 13 308 patients admitted for depression at 10 different facilities. The median PHQ-9 score on admission was 19 (interquartile range [IQR] 14–23) and 5 (IQR 2–11) on discharge, with a median change of -12 (IQR -5 to -18). A minimal clinically important difference was seen in 87.6% patients (n = 10 091/11 515); a treatment effect was seen in 74.5% of patients and a clinically significant improvement was seen in 72.1% of patients.Conclusion: With the average patient reporting a four-fold reduction in the severity of their depression scores, PROMs provide a critical patient-centred window into the benefit that an inpatient admission has on those suffering with depression.Contribution: These changes are consistent with those seen internationally and provide a baseline for understanding the treatment efficacy of an inpatient admission for the treatment of depression.
Efficacy of Vidangadi lauha in the management of Pandu roga (~iron deficiency anemia) in adolescent girls
Authors: Monika  , Mahapatra Arun Kumar , Rajagopala S. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Pandu roga can be correlated to Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) in the modern context. Adolescent girls are at high risk of IDA due to the high requirement of iron, low intake of nutrients, and blood loss during menses. Iron and folic acid are the drugs of choice for IDA, but it has some side effects such as stomach pain and constipation. Considering this, in the present study efficacy of Vidangadi lauha was compared with that of iron and folic acid as supplements.

Materials and Methods:
Adolescent girls aged 10–16 years were screened for the signs and symptoms of Pandu roga and those who were coming under the inclusion criteria for IDA were randomly arranged into two groups. The first group (Group A) was given 10 ml syrup of Vidangadi lauha once daily; while iron and folic acid tablets were given to the control group (Group B) as per the weekly iron-folic acid supplementation schedule for 3 months. For the assessment of therapy clinical features such as Panduta, Daurabalya, and Rukshata and hematological parameters were assessed before and after treatment.

Results:
On comparing Group A and Group B, the hematological parameters including hemoglobin show nonsignificant results. The difference in subjective parameters was also found statistically insignificant.

Conclusion:
Statistically, Vidangadi lauha and Iron and folic acid both showed improvement in hematological as well as clinical parameters. However, the formulation Vidangadi lauha is still preferred over iron and folic acid due to its holistic mode of action over Agni (~digestive and metabolic capacity) and the metabolic system of the body with no side effects.
Caregivers’ Perspectives on Reasonable Accommodation for Persons with Severe Mental Disorders at the Workplace
Authors: Yatheesha V.H. , Reddy Shanivaram K. , Angothu Hareesh , Vranda Mysore N. , Raju Kanmani T. , Pallerla Srikanth 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Reasonable accommodation (RA) refers to adjustments or modifications that an employer makes to the workplace to enable an employee with a mental illness to perform the essential functions of their job. Employer and employee should work together to determine the most beneficial accommodations that would not impose an undue hardship on the employer.

Materials and Methods:
An exploratory study design with a purposive sampling technique was used in the current study. Ten in-depth interviews have been conducted with the caregivers (CGs) of persons with severe mental disorders (SMDs).

Results:
The CGs’ mean age is 55 years. The data have been collected from November 2022 to January 2023. Out of ten CGs, three were female and seven were male. The content analysis of CG interview transcripts suggests that persons with SMD lost or discontinued their jobs due to leaves, lack of peer support/supervision, more targets, shift work, discrimination at the workplace, and lower salaries. The CGs opined that the RAs for persons with SMD are adjustments in the work environment, policy, or procedure modifications that enable the individual to perform their job, allowing them to work from home.

Conclusion:
RAs for persons with SMDs are essential from the CGs’ perspective. RA for persons with SMD at work can promote their job continuation and social support.
Simultaneous Pancreas and Kidney Transplantation: An Initial Experience in Southern India
Authors: Durairaj Parthiban , Senthil M. , Bharathan Anand 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT) is a well-documented therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Here, we share the initial reports of SPKT conducted at our institution.

Patients and Methods:
We performed five SPKT procedures in patients with IDDM and ESRD between April 2021 and April 2023. All grafts were procured from healthy, in-house, brain-dead donors.

Results:
The recipients included three males and two females, with a mean age of 35 ± 11.2 years. The mean duration of diabetes mellitus and time on dialysis were 17 ± 9.7 years and 21 ± 8.7 months, respectively. Donors had a mean age and body mass index of 27 ± 5.8 years and 23 ± 2.7 kg/m2. The mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and creatinine levels of donors at the time of donation were 5.6% ±0.27% and 0.98 ± 0.4 mg/dL. One recipient underwent pancreas removal due to a duodenal leak, and one developed kidney acute tubular necrosis. All recipients were on proper follow-up for a median period of 12 (4–18) months, with 100% patient survival, 80% pancreas, and 100% kidney survival. Average HbA1c, fasting blood sugar, and serum creatinine on follow-up were 5.5% ±0.7%, 84 ± 9.9 mg/dL, and 1 ± 0.16 mg/dL, respectively.

Conclusion:
In our initial experience with SPKT, recipient outcomes were comparable to results published in the literature. With proper graft selection, SPKT can be established in small-volume centers. Meticulous surgical technique and postoperative management remain key to the success of the transplant program.
Prosthetic Graft Migration in Living Donor Liver Transplantation: A Case for Conservative Management?
Authors: Sivaprasadan Saraswathy , Anila K. N. , Koneti J Akshadhar , Sudhindran S. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A 61-year-old male underwent living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for decompensated chronic liver disease with hepatocellular carcinoma. The right lobe from the live donor was used as the graft. During implantation, the drainage of the anterior sector of the right lobe graft was through a reconstructed middle hepatic vein using a prosthetic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) graft. Routine follow-up at 6 weeks showed a thrombosed PTFE graft with no clinical, radiological, or biochemical deterioration of the allograft. He was therefore managed conservatively. A routine computed tomography scan at 2 years demonstrated that the PTFE graft had eroded into the duodenum. Given the total absence of symptoms and the risk of complications associated with removing the graft, we decided against any surgical or endoscopic intervention. After a further 3 year period of follow-up, the patient continues to remain well. Enteric erosion of a prosthetic graft following LDLT can be managed without intervention, although long-term consequences are unknown.