bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Native-speakerism and English without Borders Program: investigating language ideologies through a language policy
Authors: Passoni Taisa Pinetti 
Published: August 2017

English without Borders (EwB) is a Brazilian government-sponsored Program created to enhance linguistic proficiency of potential candidates for outward mobility. Assuming that language ideologies embody as well as are embodied by language policies, this paper aims at examining the native-speakerism ideology. It draws on texts comprising instances of enactment and interpretations of EwB in addition to evidences posed by decisions arising from its implementation to examine how native-speakerism is positioned through the Program. Building on critical language policy approach, it employs critical discourse analysis resources to investigate how native-speakerism is challenged or reinforced by the agenda implemented by EwB. Evidences point to the overlapping of deconstructing and corroborating perspectives, especially regarding local interpretations posed by the Language Center coordinators whose considerations about the linguistic diversity of English are marked by ambivalent thoughts on the issue. The coexistence of such tensions indicates the pervasive nature of native-speakerism concerning English in Brazil.
ANALISIS PERSEPSI AUDITOR MENGENAI FAKTOR PENENTU AUDIT FEE BERDASARKAN CLIENT ATTRIBUTES, AUDITOR ATTRIBUTES, DAN ENGAGEMENT ATRTRIBUTES
Authors: Faturachman Aman 
Published: August 2017

This research purposes to know how perception auditors about determining factors of audit fee based on Client Attributes, Auditor Attributes, and Engagement Attributes at The Public Accountant Firm residing in Bandung. In this research, the indicator that is used to characterize the Client Attributes are size, complexity, inherent risk, profitability, leverage and liquidity, and industry. While the indicator to characterize the Auditor Attributes are auditor’s specialization, audit tenure, and location. And the indicators to characterize the Engagement Attributes are audit problems, audit report lag, busy season, and number of reports. The Method that is used in this research is a descriptive method. The population in this research is a public accountant in Bandung. Based on sampling techniques that saturated and qualified then it take about 11 offices of public accountant. SmartPLS ver 2.0 M3 are used as a Statistical analysis. The result of this research with count the loading factor and bootstrapping method are, the first one that the perception of the auditor based on client attributes of audit fee determinants from which is very important to not important is size, complexity, profitability, inherent risk, industry, and leverage & liquidty, the second states that perception based on auditor attributes audit fee determinants from which is very important to not important is audit tenure, location, and specialization. And the third states that the perception of auditor engagement attributes based determinants of audit fee which is very important to not important audit report lag, busy season, audit problems and number of reports.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN SISTEM TRADISIONAL DENGAN SISTEM ACTIVITY BASED COSTING DALAM PERHITUNGAN HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI DI PT. PINDAD (PERSERO)
Authors: Agustami Silviana 
Published: August 2017

Calculation of cost of good manufactured (COGM) is amount of all cost production used for processing raw materials into finished good in current period. Uncorrect calculation of COGM will give unfavorable effects for the company, because COGM has a function as basis for deciding the price and profit. This research used descriptive comparative design, which compares two variabels (Traditional System and Activity Based Costing [ABC]). Nazir (2004) mentioned that descriptive research makes sistematically ilustration about the observing phenomena. According to Sugiyono (2002), comparative research is a research that comparing two or more variable. Researcher did this research at PT. Pindad, Jl. Jend. Gatot Subroto 517 Bandung. PT. Pindad uses traditional system to calculate COGM, that is the reason for researcher to do this research. The research did from 2013, December untul 2014, January. The result of this research shows difference between traditional system and ABC system; COGM average of traditional system is lower than the ABC system. It means that COGM calculate uses ABC system give higher value than uses traditional system though the difference value was not too far.
ANALISIS KINERJA SAHAM SEKTOR FARMASI PADA BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI) TAHUN 2012-2014.
Authors: Hidayat Firman , Juwenah Juwenah , Dwi Astuti Apri 
Published: August 2017

Pasar Modal merupakan salah satu sarana untuk melakukan investasi, yaitu memungkinan para pemodal ( investor ) untuk melakukan diversifikasi invetasi, membentuk portofolio sesuai dengan risiko yang bersedia mereka tanggung dan tingkat keuntungan yang mereka harapkan. Pasar modal adalah pertemuan antara yang memiliki kelebihan dana ( pihak investor ) dengan pihak yang membutuhkan dana ( pihak perusahaan ) dengan cara memperjualbelikan sekuritas.Investasi dalam bentuk saham memiliki resiko yang sangat besar. Kesalahan dalam pemilihan saham yang akan dibeli dapat mengakibatkan kerugian yang fatal. Oleh karena itu, investor harus dapat memilih dengan baik saham yang dibelinya. Pemilihan ini dapat dilakukan dengan melihat kinerja perusahaan selama kurun waktu tertentuSalah satu cara yang umum untuk menilai kinerja perusahaan adalah dengan cara mengukur kinerja keuangan perusahaan dengan menggunakan rasio keuangan. Rasio keuangan terdiri dari rasio likuiditas, rasio aktivitas, rasio solvabilitas dan rasio profitabilitas. Dalam hal ini penulis menggunakan Rasio Likuiditas yang diwakili oleh Current Ratio dan Rasio Profitabilitas yang diwakili oleh Earning Per Share dan Net Profit Margin.Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda yang disertai dengan asumsi klasik menunjukkan bahwa Current Ratio (CR), Earning Per Share (EPS), Net Profit Margin (NPM) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Return Saham. Hal ini dapat ditunjukkan dengan nilai probabilitas nya atau p-value yang mempunyai nilai < 5%
Factors influencing survival of patients suffering from nonspecific aortoarteritis
Authors: Borodina I E , Shardina L A 
Published: August 2017

Aim. To identify the factors influencing survival of patients with Takayasu arteritis with the use of Kaplan-Meier mono-factor analysis.
Methods. As the factors influencing survival we analyzed gender, smoking status, tachycardia, arterial hypertension, comlications, left common iliac artery involvement, character of disease progression, and social factors. 96 patients suffering from nonspecific aortoarteritis and observed in Regional clinical hospital №1 in 1998-2016 were examined.
Results. Survival of patients suffering from nonspecific aortoarteritis was influenced by: male gender (p=0.0030), smoking (р=0.00762), tachycardia at the time of diagnosis (p=0.01762), arterial hypertension at the time of diagnosis (p=0.04150), involvement of left common iliac artery (p=0.02970), more than 3 complications (p=0.00062), progressive course of the disease (p=0.00016), being divorced (p=0.00018). 5-year survival was 99%, 10-year survival - 95%, 15-year survival - 93%.
Conclusion. The following factors were identified as influencing survival of patients with Takayasu arteritis: male gender, smoking, tachycardia and arterial hypertension at the time of diagnosis, involvement of left common iliac artery, more than 3 complications, progressive course of the disease and being divorced.
Species spectrum of microflora of upper digestive tract mucosa and its effect on the development of pathology in children
Authors: Kazakova M A , Pozdeev O K , Valeeva Yu V , Morozova L G , Fayzullina R A 
Published: August 2017

Aim. To study microbial landscape of duodenal mucosa and bile samples from children with disorders of the upper digestive tract.
Methods. The study material included 69 biopsy samples of duodenal mucosa obtained during upper endoscopy and bile samples (106 samples) obtained at fractional duodenal sounding of 106 children. An expanded set of growth media (5% blood agar, Endo’s medium, Ploskireva’s medium and alkaline bile agar) was used followed by biochemical identification, that allows revealing a wide range of contamination with aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms.
Results. It was found that in children with isolated forms of chronic gastroduodenitis and functional gallbladder disorders the frequency of H. pylori detection was significantly higher compared to other children who have organic desease of biliary system in the form of chronic сholecystitis.
Conclusion. Infection is the trigger mechanism for the development of combined pathology of the upper digestive tract and the biliary system; in organic cholepathies mixed infection combined with H. pylori infection is more common.
Evaluation of efficacy of treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 with the use of different treatment schemes
Authors: Mekhdiev S Kh , Mustafaev I I , Mamedov M N 
Published: August 2017

Aim. To study pharmaco-epidemiological features of hypoglycemic treatment combinations in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.
Methods. Cross-sectional epidemiologic study included 528 patients who responded the questions from ARIC questionnaire about the scheme of conducted antidiabetic treatment. Glycemia
Role of thymidylate synthase as a predictor of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy in rectal cancer
Authors: Aliyarov Yu R , Melikova L A , Kerimov A Kh , Bagirova E E , Mekhdizade S G 
Published: August 2017

Aim. To study the level of thymidylate synthase gene expression in biopsy material from patients with rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy.
Methods. Analysis of treatment of 101 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (T3-4, N0-2, M0) was conducted. Measurement of the level of thymidylate synthase gene expression was performed by polymerase chain reaction. To extract ribonucleic acid Qiagen (RNA easy FFPEkit; Qiagen,GmbH,Germany) reagents were used.
Results. Cancer pathomorphosis stage TRG 1 was revealed in 23 (22.7%) patients, TRG 2 - in 31 (30.7%) patients, TRG 3 - in 32 (31.7%) patients, complete clinical response (i.e. complete tumor resorption TRG 4) - in 15 (14.9%) patients. Analysis of thymidylate synthase gene expression in patients with poor response to chemoradiation therapy showed that in 34.8% of cases high expression was revealed, while in 65.2% of cases - low expression. Among patients with complete clinical response significant prevalence of patients with high expression of thymidylate synthase gene was revealed - 73.3%, and in 26.7% of patients with pathomorphosis of grade 4 low expression of this gene was registered. In patients with tumor regression grade 2 and 3 no significant difference in patients’ ratio was revealed. The most prominent correlation according to the level of thymidylate synthase gene expression was found in patients without the response to conducted chemoradiation therapy (with prevalence of patients with low expression) and complete tumor regression (with prevalence of patients with high expression).
Conclusion. There is inverse correlation between the grade of tumor regression and thymidylate synthase gene expression; evaluation of the level of thymidylate synthase gene expression and response of rectal cancer to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy requires further investigation both on molecular and clinical levels.
Effect of combined methods of rehabilitation on respiratory system of overtrained athletes
Authors: Abbasova E A 
Published: August 2017

Aim. Study of changes of athletes’ respiratory system developing after overtraining and its recovery due to combined rehabilitation (with the use of anti-gravity treadmill).
Methods. The control group (group 1) included active athletes - 35 people (with traditional training). All athletes with overtraining (group 2) were divided into two subgroups: group 2A (23 people) - overtrained athletes after combined rehabilitation (anti-gravity treadmill in combination with the traditional training) and group 2B (24 people) - overtrained athletes who had traditional rehabilitation. The stress test was carried out on a stationary KETTLER exercise bike (Germany).
Results. All parameters of external respiration function at rest in athletes of group 2A were statistically significantly higher than those of the athletes from group 2B. In athletes from group 2A peak expiratory flow rate achieved during the forced inspiration and expiration at rest were higher than those of athletes fron group 2B. After physical exertion all of the above mentioned parameters of external respiration function in athletes from group 2A were higher than in group 2B (p
Key performance indicators of homecare service for patients older than working age
Authors: Shlyafer S I 
Published: August 2017

Aim. To analyze the performance indicators of hospitals at home for the patients older than working age in Russian Federation in 2011-2015.
Methods. Analytical and statistical methods were used. Performance indicators of hospitals at home for patients of pension age in Russian Federation were analyzed based on departmental and federal statistical observation forms during the period of 2011-2015.
Results. In the country during the period of 2011-2015, the number of people older than working age increased by 13.1% and their proportion in total population increased from 22.3 to 24.55% was revealed. In 2011-2015 the number of home care patients of pension age increased by 2.1%. Analysis of the distribution of the number of patients treated in hospitals at home of medical organizations showed that elderly were mostly treated in central district, district and city hospitals, and polyclinics. The average duration of hospital stay of patients older than working age in hospitals at home was 11.1 days and was one day less than the average duration of hospital stay of the elderly in health care organizations providing in-patient service (12.1 days).
Conclusion. Over 5 years, proportion of patients older than working age among all patients treated in hospitals at home increased from 57.1 to 64.3% was observed; in 2015 in the regions of the Russian Federation significant variance of the number of patients older than working age treated in hospitals at home (from 0.01 to 98.9 per 1000 population of corresponding age) was revealed.
Periods of epidemic process of HIV infection and AIDS-related diseases in Perm Krai
Authors: Ivanova E S , Charushin A O , Vorob’eva N N , Gibadulin R G , Shelud’ko V S , Zhalnin V V 
Published: August 2017

Aim. To identify the periods of the development of epidemic process of HIV infection in Perm Krai, characteristics of the structure of key AIDS-related diseases.
Methods. Analysis of prevalence of HIV infection and AIDS-related diseases was performed in Perm Krai based on the data of official statistics for 1988-2015. For this purpose data were taken from retrospective study of original medical records (individual outpatient‘s medical cards), form №61 approved by the resolution of Rosstat №1 issued at 09.01.2008 «Information on the groups of HIV-infected patients». Frequency and the strucutre of key opportunistic infections at different periods of the epidemic process were identified.
Results. 5 periods of the development of epidemic process of HIV infection were identfied in Perm Krai during 1995-2015: period of sporadic, stable level of incidence (1995-1998), period of sudden increase of incidence determining epidemic issues (1999-2001), period of decreasing and stable incidence (2002-2006), periods of growth (2007-2010) and activation (2011-2015) of the epidemic process due to sexual transmission of infection. In more than one third of the patients (33.29%) combination of opportunistic infections was registered that contributes to their severe course, diagnostic issues and untimely treatment. Parenteral route of transmission is the most prevalent among males (intravenous injection of drugs) and its proportion in the structure of transmission routes is 82.7±8.9%. Among females sexual transmission is prevalent.
Conclusion. In the dynamics of the development of epidemic process of HIV infection in Perm Krai (1995-2015) 5 periods were identified; at the modern stage among HIV infected patients AIDS-related diseases prevalently with central nervous system and internal organ damage are diagnosed: candidiasis, cytomegalovirus infection, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis and tuberculosis (stage 4b, 4c of HIV infection).
The accessibility of information about medical services in the context of the social justice of health care
Authors: Savel’eva Zh V , Kuznetsova I B , Mukharyamova L M 
Published: August 2017

Aim. To reveal the spectrum of opinions and issues regarding accessibility of information about medical services and on-line booking of doctor’s appointments among population and experts.
Methods. The methods included semi-structured interviews and focus groups with population and experts. Total of 17 individual and group interviews with experts were conducted in the Republic of Tatarstan and 12 in the Republic of Mari-El (n=59 people); 28 individual interviews and focus groups with the population were conducted in Tatarstan and 13 in Mari-El (n=113 people).
Results. New informational technologies with a positive impact on openness and accessibility of health care system have nevertheless some serious issues in realization connected with organizational, infrastructural, economic, social cultural and psychological factors: (1) insufficient information provided to the population about the state warranties of health care program; (2) inaccessibility of websites for some prevention and treatment facilities; (3) age inequality both in access to information about the services and in on-line booking of doctor’s appointments.
Conclusion. There is an urgent need for goal-directed policy to overcome inequality in the access to information among different social groups, and also for creation of equal conditions for development and supporting informational technologies in medical institutions and centers.
Use of a physiotherapeutic device for complex treatment of inflammatory diseases of prostate
Authors: Zhiborev B N , Zhiborev A B , Rakcheev B Yu 
Published: August 2017

Aim. Evaluation of efficacy of complex treatment of patients with the diagnosis of chronic prostatitis and patients with the main diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia and concomitant chronic prostatitis with the use of physiotherapeutic device for the treatment of inflammatory prostatic diseases «MAVIT».
Methods. Clinical efficacy of the treatment with the use of the «MAVIT» device was studied in complex treatment of 45 patients with chronic prostatitis. Group 1 consisted of 25 patients diagnosed with stage I-II benign prostatic hyperplasia complicated with chronic prostatitis. Group 2 included 20 patients with proven diagnosis of chronic prostatitis. Efficacy was evaluated immediately after the course of treatment and during the following 12 months. For evaluation of biotissue influence of the «MAVIT» device on blood flow in prostate, transrectal color Doppler ultrasound was performed in 10 patients from group 2 before and after physiotherapeutic session. Peak flow rate, index of peripheral vascular resistance as well as organ vascular density were studied.
Results. The treatment results were evaluated in both groups at months 3 to 12. All patients reported reduction or disappearance of dysuria, subjective improvement of urination, reduction of pain in genitals. Improvement of urination was registered based on the results of examination (IPSS scale, uroflowmetry, ultrasound of prostate, residual urine, transrectal color Doppler ultrasound).
Conclusion. In patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia at conservative stage of the disease complex treatment of chronic prostatitis with the use of physiotherapeutic factors has pathogenetic value and, if necessary, allows preparing a patient for the surgery; the received results allow recommending the «MAVIT» device for the treatment of chronic prostatitis including patients with stage I-II benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Results of the treatment of the marginal periodontium inflammation with the use of diode laser prior to orthopedic rehabilitation
Authors: Maksimova N V 
Published: August 2017

Aim. Evaluation of the results of treatment of marginal periodontium inflammation with the use of diode laser prior to prosthetic treatment with fixed prosthetic constructions.
Methods. The study involved 54 patients with a diagnosis of moderate or severe chronic generalized periodontitis referred by orthopedists for the treatment of marginal periodontium inflammation at the stage of preprosthetic preparation. All patients were divided into 2 groups. The study group consisted of 33 patients who underwent conservative treatment with the use of diode laser. The comparison group consisted of 21 patients who underwent anti-inflammatory treatment with the use of Vector Paro device. The study results were evaluated 3, 6 and 12 months after the procedure.
Results. On examination after 5 days hyperemia and edema of the gum significantly decreased in 36% of patients in the study group (they had repetitive procedure of laser curettage performed) and totally disappeared in 64%. Also no bleeding on probing was registered, the gum was firmly against the tooth tissue. All patients from the study group reported clinically significant decrease of bleeding according to Muhlemann-Saxer papillary bleeding index. Before treatment in patients from both groups the periodontal pocket depth was in average 4.98±1.96 mm and the proportion of pockets deeper than 4 mm was 24.4%. Gum recession was in average 0.94±1.02 mm.
Conclusion. Use of laser therapy with high intensity diode laser in the complex treatment of periodontal diseases is reasonable and effective as it allows achieving stable remission, that is proved by clinical examination and indices, and significant reduction of periodontal treatment duration prior to orthopaedic treatment.
Use of TI-RADS system in differential diagnosis of thyroid cancer
Authors: Timofeeva L A , Aleshina T N 
Published: August 2017

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound classification of thyroid palpable abnormalities using TI-RADS system for thyroid cancer detection in the Chuvash Republic.
Methods. The study is based on the results of examining of 296 patients (study group) with thyroid palpable abnormalities. All patients from the study group had multi-parametric ultrasound imaging performed using modern methods and techniques (B-mode, color and power Doppler mapping). Based on ultrasound data received, signs of malignancy of thyroid palpable abnormalities by TI-RADS system were identified. Data from ultrasound protocols were compared with cytological and morphological findings. Fine needle biopsy was used as «gold standard» for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer.
Results. All patients from study group were divided according to echographic characteristics into 4 subgroups by TI-RADS scale: TI-RADS 3, TI-RADS 4a, TI-RADS 4b, TI-RADS 5. Out of the total number of patients thyroid cancer in TI-RADS 3 subgroup was determined in 14 (4.7%) cases, TI-RADS 4a - in 36 (12.2%), TI-RADS 4b - in 66 (29.1%), TI-RADS 5 - in 160 (54.0%) cases. Among patients from TI-RADS 3 subgroup papillary cancer was detected in 6.7% (11) cases, follicular cancer - in 2.5% (3); in TI-RADS 4a subgroup papillary carcinoma was detected in 61.1% of cases, follicular cancer - in 36.1%, medullary cancer - in 2.8%; in TI-RADS 4b in 76.4% of cases papillary carcinoma was detected, in 31.4% - follicular cancer and in 1.2% - medullary cancer; in TI-RADS 5 subgroup in 46.3% of cases papillary carcinoma was detected, in 46.9% - follicular cancer, in 5.6% - medullary cancer and in 1.3% - anaplastic carcinoma was detected.
Conclusion. Suggested TI-RADS classification makes it possible to standardize thyroid ultrasound protocol; introduction of TI-RADS classification into algorithm of early radiological diagnosis of thyroid cancer allows improving thyroid cancer diagnosis.