bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiential acceptance and trait‐mindfulness as predictors of analogue post‐traumatic stress
Authors: Boelen Paul A. , Lenferink Lonneke I. M. 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesExperiential acceptance and trait‐mindfulness are associated with post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after traumatic events. This study was a preliminary attempt to examine (1) associations of experiential acceptance and trait‐mindfulness with post‐traumatic stress (PTS) associated with negative, but not necessarily traumatizing, life events (‘analogue’ PTS), (2) the role of these variables in the context of neuroticism as well as worry and rumination – two other regulatory strategies associated with PTS, and (3) the impact of pre‐trauma tendencies towards experiential acceptance and mindfulness on analogue PTS.DesignData were obtained from two distinct student samples. A first sample provided cross‐sectional data. In a second sample, indices of acceptance, mindfulness, neuroticism, worry, and rumination were tapped at inclusion into the study, and analogue PTS and confrontation with stressful life events were subsequently assessed 1 year later.ResultsIn the cross‐sectional sample, higher acceptance and mindfulness were associated with lower analogue PTS, even when controlling for neuroticism, worry, and rumination. In the prospective sample, pre‐trauma mindfulness (but not experiential acceptance, neuroticism, worry, and rumination) assessed at baseline predicted levels of analogue PTS 1 year later.ConclusionsFindings suggest that experiential acceptance and trait‐mindfulness are incrementally related to PTS beyond neuroticism, worry, and rumination and that pre‐trauma trait‐mindfulness may be a resilience factor protecting against severe PTS.Practitioner points

We examined associations of experiential acceptance and trait‐mindfulness with post‐traumatic stress (PTS) associated with negative life events (‘analogue’ PTS).

Experiential acceptance and trait‐mindfulness were associated with concurrent analogue PTS, over and above neuroticism, worry, and rumination.

Pre‐trauma trait‐mindfulness (but not pre‐trauma experiential acceptance) significantly predicted analogue PTS in prospective analyses.

Enhancing mindfulness skills could be a useful tool to reduce the risk of PTS in trauma‐exposed samples.
Hydraulic redistribution: limitations for plants in saline soils
Authors: Bazihizina Nadia , Veneklaas Erik J. , Barrett‐Lennard Edward G. , Colmer Timothy D. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHydraulic redistribution (HR), the movement of water from wet to dry patches in the soil via roots, occurs in different ecosystems and plant species. By extension of the principle that HR is driven by gradients in soil water potential, HR has been proposed to occur for plants in saline soils. Despite the inherent spatial patchiness and salinity gradients in these soils, the lack of direct evidence of HR in response to osmotic gradients prompted us to ask the question: are there physical or physiological constraints to HR for plants in saline environments? We propose that build‐up of ions in the root xylem sap and in the leaf apoplast, with the latter resulting in a large predawn disequilibrium of water potential in shoots compared with roots and soil, would both impede HR. We present a conceptual model that illustrates how processes in root systems in heterogeneous salinity with water potential gradients, even if equal to those in non‐saline soils, will experience a dampened magnitude of water potential gradients in the soil–plant continuum, minimizing or preventing HR. Finally, we provide an outlook for understanding the relevance of HR for plants in saline environments by addressing key research questions on plant salinity tolerance.
Redox regulation at the site of primary growth: auxin, cytokinin and ROS crosstalk
Authors: Tognetti Vanesa B. , Bielach Agnieszka , Hrtyan Mónika 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTo maintain the activity of meristems is an absolute requirement for plant growth and development, and the role of the plant hormones auxin and cytokinin in apical meristem function is well established. Only little attention has been given, however, to the function of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) gradient along meristematic tissues and its interplay with hormonal regulatory networks. The interdependency between auxin‐related, cytokinin‐related and ROS‐related circuits controls primary growth and development while modulating plant morphology in response to detrimental environmental factors. Because ROS interaction with redox‐active compounds significantly affects the cellular redox gradient, the latter constitutes an interface for crosstalk between hormone and ROS signalling pathways. This review focuses on the mechanisms underlying ROS‐dependent interactions with redox and hormonal components in shoot and root apical meristems which are crucial for meristems maintenance when plants are exposed to environmental hardships. We also emphasize the importance of cell type and the subcellular compartmentalization of ROS and redox networks to obtain a holistic understanding of how apical meristems adapt to stress.
Hurricane preparedness among elderly residents in South Florida
Authors: Kleier Jo Ann , Krause Deirdre , Ogilby Terry 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to describe factors associated with hurricane preparation and to test a theoretical model of hurricane preparation decision process among a group of elderly residents living in a high‐risk geographical area.Design and SampleThis is a descriptive, correlational study. A convenience sample consisted of 188 English‐speaking individuals who were aged 55 years or older.MeasuresIn addition to demographic information, two survey instruments were used. Theoretical constructs were operationalized through Moon's Hurricane Preparation Questionnaire. Hurricane preparedness was measured by self‐reported responses to FEMA's inventory checklist, which addresses the recommended basic steps of preparation.ResultsThe theoretical model of hurricane preparation decision process was supported. Main barriers to preparation are the need for cooperation from others and cost of preparation. Participants reported having taken many preparatory steps to shelter‐in‐place, but too few are prepared if their home were storm‐damaged or they should have to evacuate.ConclusionsFindings are consistent with previous studies of samples drawn from similar populations. This report provides guidance as to how public health nurses can become involved with the population and develop interventions based on the constructs of the theoretical model.
Exogenous application of IAA alleviates effects of supplemental ultraviolet‐B radiation in the medicinal plant Withania somnifera Dunal
Authors: Takshak S. , Agrawal S. B. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Supplemental (s)‐UV‐B radiation has adverse effects on the majority of plants. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of exogenous application of the growth hormone indole acetic acid (IAA) on various morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of Withania somnifera, an indigenous medicinal plant, subjected to s‐UV‐B.

The s‐UV‐B‐treated plants received ambient + 3.6 kJm−2·day−1 biologically effective UV‐B, and IAA was applied at two doses (200 and 400 ppm) to s‐UV‐B‐exposed plants.

The plant was forced to compromise its growth, development and photosynthetic patterns to survive under s‐UV‐B by increasing concentrations of secondary metabolites and antioxidants (thiol, proline, ascorbic acid, α‐tocopherol, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase) to counteract oxidative stress. Increases in secondary metabolites were evidenced as increased activity of phenylpropanoid pathway enzymes: phenylalanine ammonia lyase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, 4‐coumarate CoA ligase, chalcone isomerase and dihydroflavonol reductase. Application of different IAA doses reversed the detrimental effects of s‐UV‐B on W. somnifera by improving growth and photosynthesis and reducing concentrations of secondary metabolites and non‐enzymatic antioxidants. Antioxidant enzymes, however, had a synergistic effect on s‐UV‐B treatment and IAA application.

The effects of s‐UV‐B on W. somnifera are ameliorated to varying degrees upon exogenous IAA application, and synergistic enhancement of antioxidant enzymes under s‐UV‐B+IAA treatment might be responsible for the partial recuperation of growth and plant protein content, as a UV‐B‐exposed plant is forced to allocate most of its photosynthate towards production of enzymes related to antioxidant defence.
The cascade of care to prevent mother‐to‐child transmission in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1996–2013: improving but still some way to go
Authors: Hofer Cristina Barroso , Egger Matthias , Davies Mary‐Ann , Frota Ana Cristina Cisne , de Oliveira Ricardo Hugo , Abreu Thalita Fernandes , Araújo Lúcia Evangelista , Witthlin Bernardo Bastos , Carvalho Alice Weber , Cordeiro Janaína Rivas , Lima Giulia Pasqualini , Keiser Olivia 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the cascade of care to HIV mother‐to‐child transmission (PMTCT) in a Rio de Janeiro reference paediatric clinic and evaluate the main factors possibly associated with HIV transmission.MethodsData on antenatal care (ANC), perinatal and neonatal assistance to HIV‐infected and HIV‐exposed but uninfected children assisted in the clinic from 1996 to 2013 were collected. The cascade of care was graphically demonstrated, and possible factors associated with HIV infection were described using regression models for bivariate and multivariate analysis. We imputed missing values of explanatory variables for the final model.ResultsA total of 989 children were included in the analysis: 211 were HIV and 778 HEU. Graphically, the HIV PMTCT cascade of care improved from 1996/2000 to the later periods, but not from 2001/2006 to 2007/2013. The main factor independently associated with the HIV infection over time was breastfeeding. In the period 1996/2000, the lack of antiretroviral use during labour was associated HIV transmission. While in 2001/2007, other modes of delivery but elective Caesarean section, and lack of maternal antiretroviral use during ANC were associated with HIV transmission. In the last period, the main factor associated with transmission was the lack of maternal ANC.ConclusionsThe HIV PMTCT cascade improved over time, but HIV vertical transmission remains a problem, and better access to ANC is needed.
Completed Genome Sequences of Borrelia burgdorferi
Sensu Stricto
B31(NRZ) and Closely Related Patient Isolates from Europe
Authors: Margos Gabriele , Hepner Sabrina , Mang Christoph , Sing Andreas , Liebl Bernhard , Fingerle Volker 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

Borrelia burgdorferi
sensu stricto
is a causative agent of human Lyme borreliosis in the United States and Europe. We report here the completed genome sequences of strain B31 isolated from a tick in the United States and two closely related strains from Europe, PAli and PAbe, which were isolated from patients with erythema migrans and neuroborreliosis, respectively.
Draft Genome Sequence of Eggerthia catenaformis Strain MAR1 Isolated from Saliva of Healthy Humans
Authors: Rahman M. Ajijur , Mullany Peter , Roberts Adam P. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Eggerthia catenaformis
MAR1 isolated during a screen for
d
-cycloserine-resistant bacteria from the saliva of healthy humans. Analysis of the genome reveals that the strain has the potential to be a human pathogen and carries genes related to virulence and antibiotic resistance.
Postural sway, working years and BMI in healthy truck drivers: an observational study
Authors: Ohlendorf Daniela , Troebs Paul , Lenk Andreas , Wanke Eileen , Natrup Jörg , Groneberg David 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesThe following study analyses the influence of risk factors among the occupational group of truck drivers on postural control and body mass index (BMI).DesignObservational study.SettingOne motorway station close to several highways in Germany.Participants180 truck drivers (177 male/3 female), aged 21–65 years old, took part in this study.Outcome measuresPostural control was examined using a pressure plate. In order to examine the influence of body weight (BMI) and working years on postural control, subjects were divided into samples of five and three groups, respectively. Furthermore, it was evaluated whether the subjects suffered from back pain. For data analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used as the data were not normally distributed. Once the p value of the Kruskal-Wallis test was p≤0.05, the Conover-Iman comparison and afterwards the Bonferroni-Holm correction were used. The significance level was set at α ≤0.05.ResultsRegarding the number of working years, a significant increase of frontal (p≤0.04) and sagittal (p≤0.001) sway were observed. The correlation of the five BMI groups with the number of working years demonstrates that an increase of the working years leads to an increase of BMI (p≤0.03). Furthermore, the majority of truck drivers participating in this study suffered from back pain (61.7%).ConclusionsBMI and musculoskeletal impairment are indicators of health risk factors. In this study, it is shown that an increasing number of working years and an increasing BMI lead to a decrease in frontal and sagittal postural sway. In addition, the number of working years correlates with body weight and back pain.
Wealth-related inequality in early uptake of HIV testing among pregnant women: an analysis of data from a national cross-sectional survey, South Africa
Authors: Ngandu Nobubelo Kwanele , Van Malderen Carine , Goga Ameena , Speybroeck Niko 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesWealth-related inequality across the South African antenatal HIV care cascade has not been considered in detail as a potential hindrance to eliminating mother-to-child HIV transmission (EMTCT). We aimed to measure wealth-related inequality in early (before enrolling into antenatal care) uptake of HIV testing and identify the contributing determinants.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingsSouth African primary public health facilities in 2012.ParticipantsA national-level sample of 8618 pregnant women.Outcome measuresWealth-related inequality in early uptake of HIV testing was measured using the Erreygers concentration index (CI) further adjusted for inequality introduced by predicted healthcare need (ie, need-standardised). Determinants contributing to the observed inequality were identified using the Erreygers and Wagstaff decomposition methods.ResultsParticipants were aged 13 to 49 years. Antenatal HIV prevalence was 33.2%, of which 43.7% came from the lowest 40% wealth group. A pro-poor wealth-related inequality in early HIV testing was observed. The need-standardised concentration index was −0.030 (95% confidence interval −0.038 to −0.022). The proportion of early HIV testing was significantly better in the lower 40% wealth group compared with the higher 40% wealth group (p value=0.040). The largest contributions to the observed inequality were from underlying inequalities in province (contribution, 65.27%), age (−44.38%), wealth group (24.73%) and transport means (21.61%).ConclusionsOur results on better early uptake of HIV testing among the poorer subpopulation compared with the richer highlights inequity in uptake of HIV testing in South Africa. This socioeconomic difference could contribute to fast-tracking EMTCT given the high HIV prevalence among the lower wealth group. The high contribution of provinces and age to inequality highlights the need to shift from reliance on national-level estimates alone but identify subregional-specific and age-specific bottlenecks. Future interventions need to be context specific and tailored for specific subpopulations and subregional settings.
How people with dementia and carers understand and react to social functioning changes in mild dementia: a UK-based qualitative study
Authors: Singleton David , Mukadam Naaheed , Livingston Gill , Sommerlad Andrew 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesTo analyse people with dementia and their family carers’ attribution of social changes in dementia and the consequences of these attributions.DesignQualitative study, using a semi-structured interview guide. Individual interviews continued to theoretical saturation. Two researchers independently analysed interview transcripts.Setting and participantsPeople with mild dementia and family carers purposively selected from London-based memory services for diverse demographic characteristics to encompass a range of experiences.Primary and secondary outcomesAttribution of social changes experienced by the person with dementia and the consequences of these attributions.ResultsWe interviewed nine people with dementia and nine carers, encompassing a range of age, ethnicity and educational backgrounds.Both groups reported that the person with dementia had changed socially. People with dementia tended to give one or two explanations for social change, but carers usually suggested several. People with dementia were often socially embarrassed or less interested in going out, and they or their relatives’ physical illness or fear of falls led to reduced social activity. Carers often attributed not going out to a choice or premorbid personality. Carers found that their relative needed more support to go out than they could give and carers needed time to themselves because of carer stress or other problems from which they shielded the person with dementia. Additionally, there was decreased opportunity to socialise, as people were bereaved of friends and family. Participants acknowledged the direct impact of dementia symptoms on their ability to socially engage but sometimes decided to give up socialising when they knew they had dementia. There were negative consequences from social changes being attributed to factors such as choice, rather than dementia.ConclusionClinicians should ask about social changes in people with dementia. Explaining that these may be due to dementia and considering strategies to overcome them may be beneficial.
Laser cleaning of the contaminations on the surface of tire mould
Authors: Ye Yayun , Jia Baoshen , Chen Jing , Jiang Yilan , Tang Hongping , Wang Haijun , Luan Xiaoyu , Liao Wei , Zhang Chuanchao , Yao Caizhen 
Published: July 2017

During the manufacturing of tires, surface pollutants on tire mould will lead to the production of unqualified tires. Tire moulds need to be regularly cleaned. Laser cleaning is recognized as a non-destructive, effective, precise and environmental friendly method. In this paper, laser cleaning was used to remove contaminants on tire mould surface. First, laser induced damage experiments were performed. The results showed that the roughness and hardness of the cast steel sample surface seldom changed under the energy range of 140.1–580.2 mJ laser irradiation 1 pulse and the energy range of 44.7–168.9 mJ laser irradiation 100 pulses. In the laser cleaning experiments, the cleaning thresholds and the optimal cleaning parameters were obtained. Results indicated that laser cleaning was safe and effective for tire mould contamination removal.
Influence of adhesive non-uniformity on zero offset of micro accelerometer
Authors: Zhou Wu , Li Fei , Yu Huijun , Qu Hao , Hao Rui , Wang Dong , Sun Sheng , Peng Bei 
Published: July 2017

Adhesive attaching is a common method used in the packaging of high accurate MEMS devices. A full understanding of the effects of adhesive on device performance, therefore, plays a significant role in MEMS design because the thermal stress formed in packaging process highly depends on the shape, size, amount, properties and layout of the die attach adhesive. This paper investigates intensively the influence of adhesive nonuniformity in the sensitive direction of microaccelerometers on the distribution of thermal stress during the variation of environment temperature. The thermal stress will induce a movement of anchors and lead to nonzero voltage output of microaccelerometer. The influence of the adhesive with different levels of nonuniformity [Formula: see text] on zero voltage output is investigated and the results show that the adhesive nonuniformity significantly influences the zero offset of the sensors, and the maximum one can reach 8.6 mV when nonuniformity factor is 0.975.
КЛІНІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НЕЕФЕКТИВНО ЛІКОВАНОГО ВПЕРШЕ ДІАГНОСТОВАНОГО ТУБЕРКУЛЬОЗУ ЛЕГЕНЬ ІЗ НАЯВНІСТЮ СТІЙКОСТІ ДО ПРОТИТУБЕРКУЛЬОЗНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ
Authors: Yasinskyi R. M. , Krasnevich A. M. 
Published: July 2017

Метою дослідження стало встановлення клінічних особливостей неефективно лікованого вперше діагностованого туберкульозу легень при наявності стійкості до протитуберкульозних засобів.Матеріали і методи. Для досягнення мети проаналізовано 60 історій хвороб пацієнтів. Хворих було поділено на 2 групи: до 1 групи увійшли 25 осіб, у яких була встановлена резистентність до протитуберкульозних препаратів, та які не належали до 4 категорії хворих, до 2 групи увійшли 35 осіб, у яких зберігалася чутливість до всіх протитуберкульозних препаратів. Визначали статистичну значимість відмінностей між групами за допомогою критерію «χ-квадратів», при кількості випадків менше 20 додатково користувалися правкою Єтса.Результати. Тривалість захворювання до встановлення діагнозу туберкульозу становила 18,7 % у хворих 1 групи та 7,4 % – у 2 групи понад 3 місяці, р˂0,05. Визначалася тенденція до більш поширених форм туберкульозу у пацієнтів 1 групи: інфільтративний туберкульоз без засіву визначався лише у 2 групі: 11,4 % проти 0 у 1, р˂0,1; дисемінований туберкульоз легень порівняно частіше діагностували у 1 групі: 48,0 % проти 25,7 %, р˂0,1.Висновки. У хворих на неефективно лікований вперше діагностований туберкульоз легень із наявністю стійкості до протитуберкульозних засобів, яких не включено до 4 категорії, порівняно із пацієнтами зі збереженою чутливістю до протитуберкульозних препаратів, відзначається більша тривалість інтоксикаційно-респіраторного синдрому в анамнезі до встановлення діагнозу. У таких хворих виявлено тенденцію до більш поширених уражень легень. За іншими клініко-рентгенологічними та бактеріологічними показниками статистично значимих відмінностей не виявлено.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МЕЛЬДОНІЮ В РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЇ ХВОРИХ НА ХРОНІЧНИЙ ПАНКРЕАТИТ У ПОЄДНАННІ ІЗ СТАБІЛЬНОЮ ІШЕМІЧНОЮ ХВОРОБОЮ СЕРЦЯ
Authors: Babinets L. S. , Melnyk N. A. , Gnizdyuh I. O. , Dobrorodnya L. V. 
Published: July 2017

Один із небагатьох способів відновлення нормальної роботи всіх життєво важливих органів і систем – це застосування метаболічної терапії.Метою роботи було дослідити ефективність курсового лікування метаболічним препаратом Мельдоній для корекції прооксидатно-антиоксидантних і трофологічних порушень у хворих з коморбідним перебігом хронічного панкреатиту (ХП) та стабільної ішемічної хвороби серця (СІХС).Матеріал і методи. У дослідження включено 90 пацієнтів із ХП в поєднанні із СІХС, яких було поділено на дві групи (залежно від програм лікування): І група (45 хворих) отримувала загальноприйняте лікування (ЗПЛ); ІІ група (45 хворих) – окрім ЗПЛ додатково отримувала ступінчастий курс препарату мельдонію (Вазонат) за наступною схемою: перший ступінь – по 5 мл в/в струминно 1 раз на день протягом 10 днів; другий ступінь – введення мельдонію електрофорезом на ділянку лівого підребер’я через день впродовж 15 днів; третій ступінь – подальший прийомом препарату по 2 капсули 1 раз на день впродовж місяця.Результати. Було доведено, що додавання до комплексної терапії хворих із коморбідністю ХП та СІХС препарату Мельдонію більшою мірою сприяє поліпшенню показників трофологічного і прооксидатно-антиоксидантного статусу, ніж при стандартній базисній терапії.