bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hospitales seguros ante desastres.
Authors: Bambaren Alatrista Celso Vladimir , Alatrista Gutierrez María Del Socorro 
Published: March 2016

Entre 1982 a 2005 se registraron daños en 1 143 establecimientos de salud en el Perú, generalmente debido a sismos, lluvias e inundaciones. Los daños en los servicios de salud producen la interrupción de la atención de la población y de los programas de salud, así como generan un gran gasto para la rehabilitación y reconstrucción. Por ello, se requiere proteger a los establecimientos de salud y desarrollar una política de hospitales seguros ante desastres que incluya medidas para prevenir o reducción de la vulnerabilidad estructural, no estructural y funcional en los nuevos establecimientos y en los existentes.
Quiloperitoneo como forma de presentación del linfoma intestinal difuso: Reporte de un caso.
Authors: Pamo Reyna Oscar , Caballero López José , Alfaro Álvarez Julio César 
Published: March 2016

Mujer de 29 años que desarrolló insidiosamente ascitis y dolor abdominal. El estudio del líquido ascítico reveló su aspecto lechoso y de trasudado. El estudio tomográfico mostró un conglomerado ganglionar retroperitoneal. El CA 125 fue más de cien veces el límite superior normal. El estudio reveló que se trataba de un linfoma no Hodgkin intestinal difuso de células grandes, estirpe linfoide B.
Reconceptualizing Drug Use Prevention Processes
Authors: Sloboda Zili 
Published: March 2016

The field of drug use prevention has been advanced through a convergence of theories of human behavior, a more enhanced understanding of the factors that have been found to be associated with the onset of drug use, and more sophisticated research methodologies impacting not only study design and measurement but also data analysis. For these reasons, there is a need for a reconceptualization of the intent and function of prevention in order to refine intervention development and implementation. This review will focus primarily on drug use prevention but the implications are clear for other prevention outcome behaviors. The concepts included in this paper are stimulated by recent advances in understanding neurobiological development and revised understanding of the interaction between individual vulnerability and environmental influences. It also draws on the concept of socialization and the role of socialization and socializing agents in any society.
El Cuestionario de Experiencias Relacionadas con los Videojuegos (CERV): Un instrumento para detectar el uso problemático de videojuegos en adolescentes españoles
Authors: Chamarro Andres , Carbonell Xavier , Manresa Josep Maria , Munoz-Miralles Raquel , Ortega-Gonzalez Raquel , Lopez-Morron M. Rosa , Batalla-Martinez Carme , Toran-Monserrat Pere 
Published: March 2016

El objetivo del presente estudio es validar el Cuestionario de Experiencias Relacionadas con los Videojuegos (CERV). El cuestionario consta de 17 ítems, desarrollados a partir del CERI de Beranuy y cols., y valora el uso problemático de los videojuegos no masivos. Se ha validado para adolescentes que cursan estudios de secundaria obligatoria. Para la validación se ha realizado un análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) y un análisis de consistencia interna. La estructura factorial muestra dos factores a) Dependencia psicológica y uso para la evasión, y b) Consecuencias negativas del uso de videojuegos. Se ofrecen puntos de corte de la escala para sujetos sin problemas en el uso de videojuegos (SP), problemas potenciales en el uso de videojuegos (PP) y problemas severos en el uso de videojuegos (PS). Los resultados indican que se da una mayor prevalencia entre varones y que el uso problemático disminuye con la edad. El CERV parece ser un buen instrumento para el cribado de adolescentes con dificultades derivadas del uso de videojuegos. Estudios futuros deberían relacionar el uso problemático de videojuegos con dificultades en otros ámbitos de la vida, como el académico.
Alcohol y Salud Pública en América Latina: ¿cómo impedir un desastre sanitario?
Authors: G. Monteiro Maristela 
Published: March 2016

El consumo de alcohol es un problema de salud pública en toda América Latina, siendo el causante de miles de muertes anuales y de millones deaños de vida saludable perdidos por enfermedades agudas y crónicas causadas por su consumo. Aunque el consumo es mayor y más frecuente entre los hombres, las mujeres y las adolescentes están incrementando su consumo más rápidamente que los hombres y adolescentes varones. La cerveza es la bebida alcohólica más consumida, seguida de los destilados; sin embargo encontramos diferencias entre países, ya que en algunos el vino es la bebida más consumida. La industria que produce, distribuye y vende bebidas alcohólicas es poderosa, en gran parte globalizada, y con gran influencia política; por todo ello, la situación actual favorece los intereses comerciales en detrimento de la salud pública. Las políticas públicas existentes en América Latina son insuficientes para responder a esta situación a nivel nacional, donde encontramos poca o ninguna reglamentación del consumo y disponibilidad de las bebidas alcohólicas, sobre precios e impuestos, o control gubernamental de la comercialización y de la publicidad. Hay asimismo pocas investigaciones que permitan informar la acción política. Las lagunas en la prevención y el tratamiento del consumo de alcohol y problemas relacionados se discuten aquí, así como algunas perspectivas para el futuro.
Preliminary Study on the Prevalence of West Nile Virus Antibody among Horses, Donkeys and Camels in Borno State, Nigeria
Authors: Baba Saka Saheed , NNnadi Obinna Damian , Hamman Kenas Dunama , Saidu Awal , Yuguda Abduldahiru El , Oderinde Bamidele Soji 
Published: March 2016

<p>In spite of several serological evidences for the presence of West Nile (WN) virus in Nigeria, the host range of the virus is not fully understood. In this study, the prevalence of the WN virus antibody was determined among horse, donkey and camel populations in Borno state, Nigeria. Two hundred and fifty serum samples comprising of 96 sera from each of horses and camels and 58 from donkeys were tested for presence of WN virus neutralizing antibody. An overall prevalence of WN virus neutralizing antibody of 13.2% was noted in the population of animals tested. Significant difference (P≤0.05) in prevalence was observed between the animals tested. Highest prevalence (17.7%) was noted in camels followed by horses (11.5%) and donkeys (8.6%). The results of this study confirmed the prevalence of WV virus antibody in camels in Nigeria and represented the first serosurvey for WN virus activities among horses and donkeys in this part of the country. There is considerable activity of the virus in the study area and provided evidence for the potential roles this group of animals could play in the epidemiology of WN virus infection in Nigeria.</p>
In silico structural analysis of Hantaan virus glycoprotein G2 and conserved epitope prediction for vaccine development
Authors: Rahman Monzilur , Parvege Md. Masud 
Published: March 2016

<p>Hantaan virus (HNTV) is an etiological agent of potentially fatal hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). The virus infects a large number of patients annually with a mortality rate more than 10%. However, no treatment option or vaccine is available against the virus. Between two envelope proteins, HNTV glycoprotein G2 has higher antigenicity making it a better target for vaccine development. However, 3-D structure of the protein is not available which is important for identifying epitopes that are essential for vaccine design. Therefore, this study was designed to predict a structural model of glycoprotein G2 and to predict peptide sequences for vaccine development containing conserved epitopes within the structure. Many of the physio-chemical and structural properties including secondary structure and di-sulfide linkage of the protein were predicted using a number of computational tools. <strong></strong>The 3D structure of the protein was modeled using I-TASSER online tool. The quality of the predicted models was evaluated with Ramachandran plot and Z-score. The structural and sequence information was used to predict B-cell and T-cell epitopes on glycoprotein G2. Using various bio-informatics and immuno-informatics tools, a total of 9 continuous B-cell and 22 T-cell epitopes were predicted having significant antigenicity. These antigenic epitopes were further analyzed for conservation and a total of 4 B-cells and 8 T-cell epitopes were found to be highly conserved in sequences from diverse origins. These epitopes revealed by the current study are recognized by immune system to protect host from HNTV infection can be potential targets for vaccine development.</p>
Novel Capillarity Quantification Method in IOR Process in Bakken Shale Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Pu Hui , Li Yinghui 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Preliminary studies have been done to characterize rock-fluid properties, and flow mechanisms in the shale reservoirs. Most of these studies, through modifying methods used for conventional reservoirs, fail to capture dynamic features of shale rock and fluids in confined nano-pore space. In unconventional reservoirs, interactions between the wall of shale and the contained fluid significantly affect phase and flow behaviors. The inability to model capillarity with the consideration of pore size distribution characteristics using commercial software may lead to an inaccurate oil production performance in Bakken. This paper presents a novel formulation that consistently evaluates capillary force and adsorption using pore size distribution (PSD) directly from core measurements. The new findings could better address differences in flow mechanisms in unconventional reservoirs, and thus lead to an optimized IOR practice.
Application of PC-SAFT Equation of State for CO2 Minimum Miscibility Pressure Prediction in Nanopores
Authors: Wang Shuhua , Ma Mingxu , Chen Shengnan 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
CO2 miscible injection is generally one of the most efficient enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods and widely used in the conventional oil reservoirs. The applicability of CO2 EOR technology for unlocking the resources from unconventional tight and shale formations and the mechanisms of miscible flooding in these reservoirs still remain unclear. An important parameter used to evaluate the feasibility of CO2 miscible flooding is the minimum miscibility pressure (MMP). Even though experimental approaches, empirical correlations and theoretical methods have performed well in measuring or predicting MMP between CO2 and crude oil in conventional reservoirs, they may not be suitable for unconventional formations as phase behavior and MMP can be significantly affected by confinement effect in small pores (e.g., nanopores) in such formations.
In this study, a new MMP prediction model based on the modified Parachor Model associated with the Perturbed-Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (PC-SAFT) is developed to determine CO2 MMP both in the bulk phase and nanopores. The Parachor Model is modified to account for the confinement effect of nanopore walls on the equilibrium interfacial tension (IFT). The Equilibrium IFT reduction in nanopores is related to a temperature-dependent and slit pore width-dependent modification term. The parameters of the new Parachor Model are determined by matching the vapor-liquid surface tension values for CH4, C2H6, C3H8, n-C4H10, and n-C8H18 in nanopores, respectively. The prediction ability of the new model is verified by comparing the predicted MMP in the bulk phase with the results of other theoretical approaches and slim-tube experimental data. Finally, the new model is applied to estimate the MMP between Bakken oil and CO2 stream. The effect of temperature, slit pore width, and impure components in the injected CO2 on the MMP are also studied.
The newly developed model successfully reproduces MMP in bulk phase as compared with both other methods and experimental data. The overall average absolute relative deviation (AARD) for MMP is within 8 %. The calculated equilibrium IFT for liquid-vapor phase has a good agreement with molecular simulation results. For Bakken oil-CO2 system, if the slit pore width is larger than 10 nm, MMP is independent on pore width; otherwise, it decreases significantly with the decrease of the pore width. If pore width decreases to 3 nm, 67.5 % decrease in the IFT is observed and 23.5% reduction is achieved for MMP between Bakken oil and CO2 stream, indicating that it is easier to reach miscibility in nanopores, and CO2 miscible flooding might be a promising enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technology for tight oil and shale oil reservoirs. Furthermore, MMP increases with an increase of temperature in bulk phase, whereas IFT and MMP decrease with an increase of temperature in nanopores.
How Much Polymer Should Be Injected During a Polymer Flood?
Authors: Seright R. S. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
This paper addresses two questions for polymer flooding. First, what polymer solution viscosity should be injected? A base-case reservoir-engineering method is present for making that decision, which focuses on waterflood mobility ratios and the permeability contrast in the reservoir. However, some current field applications use injected polymer viscosities that deviate substantially from this methodology. At one end of the range, Canadian projects inject only 30-cp polymer solutions to displace 1000-3000-cp oil. Logic given to support this choice include (1) the mobility ratio in an unfavorable displacement is not as bad as indicated by the endpoint mobility ratio, (2) economics limit use of higher polymer concentrations, (3) some improvement in mobility ratio is better than a straight waterflood, (4) a belief that the polymer will provide a substantial residual resistance factor (permeability reduction), and (5) injectivity limits the allowable viscosity of the injected fluid. At the other end of the range, a project in Daqing, China, injected 150-300-cp polymer solutions to displace 10-cp oil. The primary reason given for this choice was a belief that high molecular weight viscoelastic HPAM polymers can reduce the residual oil saturation below that expected for a waterflood or for less viscous polymer floods. This paper will examine the validity of each of these beliefs.
The second question is: when should polymer injection be stopped or reduced? For existing polymer floods, this question is particularly relevant in the current low oil-price environment. Should these projects be switched to water injection immediately? Should the polymer concentration be reduced or graded? Should the polymer concentration stay the same but reduce the injection rate? These questions are discussed.
Laboratory Study on Using Produced Water in High pH Borate Gels Used in Hydraulic Fracturing
Authors: Elsarawy Ahmed M. , Nasr-El-Din Hisham A. , Cawiezel Kay E. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Fracturing fluids are commonly formulated with fresh water to ensure reliable rheology. However, fresh water is becoming more costly, and in some areas, it is difficult to obtain. Therefore, using produced water in hydraulic fracturing has received increased attention in the last few years. A major challenge, however, is its high total dissolved solids (TDS) content, which could cause formation damage and negatively affect fracturing fluid rheology. The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using produced water to formulate crosslinked-gel-based fracturing fluid. This paper focuses on the compatibility of water with the fracturing fluid system and the effect of salts on the fluid rheology.
Produced water samples were analyzed to determine different ion concentrations. Solutions of synthetic water with different amounts of salts were prepared. The fracturing fluid system consisted of natural guar polymer, borate-based crosslinker, biocide, surfactant, clay controller, scale inhibitor, and pH buffer. Compatibility tests of the fluid system were conducted at different cation concentrations. Apparent viscosity of the fracturing fluid was measured using a high-pressure high-temperature rotational rheometer. All rheology tests were conducted at a temperature of 180°F and were conducted according to API 13m procedure with a three-hour test duration. Fluid breaking test was also performed to ensure high fracture and proppant pack conductivity.
Produced water analysis showed a TDS content of 125,000 ppm, including Na, Ca, K, and Mg ion concentrations of 36,000, 10,500, 1,700, and 700 ppm, respectively. Results indicated the potential of produced water to cause formation damage. Therefore, produced water was diluted with fresh water and directly used to formulate the fracturing fluid. Divalent cations were found to be the main source of precipitation, and the reduced amounts of each ion were determined to prevent precipitation. The separate and combined effects of Na, K, Ca, and Mg ions on the viscosity of the fracturing fluid were also studied. Fluid viscosity was found to be significantly affected by the concentrations of divalent cations regardless of the concentrations of monovalent cations. Monovalent cations reduced the viscosity of fracturing fluid only in the absence of divalent cations, and showed no effect in the presence of Ca and Mg ions. Water with reduced concentrations of monovalent and divalent cations showed the most suitable environment for polymer hydration and crosslinking.
This paper contributes to the understanding of the main factors that enable the use of produced water for hydraulic fracturing operations. Maximizing the use of produced water could reduce its disposal costs, mitigate environmental impacts, and solve fresh water acquisition challenges.
Low Tension Gas Flooding as a Novel EOR Method: An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation
Authors: Jong Stephen , Nguyen Nhut M. , Eberle Calvin M. , Nghiem Long X. , Nguyen Quoc P. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Low Tension Gas (LTG) flooding is a novel EOR process which can address challenging reservoir conditions such as high salinity, high temperature, and tight rock. Current process understanding is limited, and a joint experimental and modeling approach allows for both interpretation and insight into the complex interactions between the key process parameters of salinity gradient, foam strength, microemulsion phase behavior, and phase desaturation in order to achieve a physically correct and predictive process model.
We performed a series of corefloods in high permeability Berea sandstones (~500 mD) to demonstrate the impact of salinity gradient on the LTG process and interactions between key mechanisms such as microemulsion phase behavior and foam stability. In order to provide additional insight into the experimental study and improve understanding of the LTG process, we used our newly developed LTG simulator which we built within CMG GEM.
The results demonstrate that decreasing slug injection salinity can lead to a 15% increase in residual oil in place (ROIP) recovery over a slug injected at optimum salinity, with earlier breakthrough and steeper recovery slope. In addition, there is evidence of a late time pressure buildup as salinity is decreased through mixing with drive salinity which is indicative of increasing foam stability. This may be due to an inverse relationship between oil-water IFT and foam stability and thus designing an optimal salinity gradient for an LTG process requires balancing oil mobilization due to ultralow IFT and effectively displacing mobilized oil with adequate foam mobility control.
We introduce and show the strength our compositional LTG simulator in a pioneering laboratory and simulation study that sheds light on the interaction between salinity, microemulsion phase behavior, and foam strength. Our conclusions indicate a significant departure from traditional ASP understanding and methodology when designing an LTG salinity gradient and serve as a foundation for future investigation.
Liquid CO2 EOR Potential in the Illinois Basin: Results of the Mumford Hills Pilot
Authors: Okwen Roland T. , Frailey Scott M. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Historically, deep oil reservoirs with temperatures and pressures above the critical point of carbon dioxide (CO2) are generally preferred over shallower reservoirs in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and CO2 storage operations because of high recovery and storage efficiencies associated with miscible floods. As a result, shallower reservoirs containing significant volumes of recoverable resource are generally overlooked. However, basins with relatively low geothermal gradients and high fracture gradients, such as the Illinois Basin, can sustain pressures above the vapor pressure of CO2 where CO2 changes from a gas to liquid. Liquid CO2 has fluid properties similar to that of supercritical CO2 and is more readily miscible with oil.
This study evaluates the EOR potential of low-temperature reservoirs based on the performance of a miscible liquid CO2 flood pilot at the Mumford Hills oil field in Posey County, Indiana. About 7,000 tons (6,350 tonnes) of CO2 were injected into a Mississippian sandstone reservoir over a period of 1 year to demonstrate miscible CO2 EOR in low-temperature oil reservoirs. The reservoir model was calibrated with available historical primary waterflood, and CO2 flood pilot data. The calibrated reservoir model was used to simulate different full-field CO2 EOR development scenarios. The projected oil recovery factors range between 10% and 14%, which compares well to the Permian Basin supercritical CO2 flood recovery range of 8% to 16%.
The oil recovery factors from the simulated scenarios suggest that liquid CO2 floods in low-temperature oil reservoirs can achieve an incremental oil recovery similar to deeper, supercritical CO2 floods. Re-evaluating previously overlooked shallow depleted reservoirs as potential candidates for liquid CO2 EOR provides the opportunity to increase the development of these shallow oil reservoirs available for miscible CO2 flooding
Capillary Desaturation Curve Fundamentals
Authors: Yeganeh Mohsen , Hegner Jessica , Lewandowski Eric , Mohan Aruna , Lake Larry W. , Cherney Dan , Jusufi Arben , Jaishankar Aditya 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
A capillary desaturation curve (CDC) depicts the relationship between residual oil saturation, Sor, (i.e. oil left behind in a well-swept permeable medium) and capillary number. A CDC is one of the most fundamental curves of oil recovery as it reveals flow conditions required for good oil displacement in porous media. Despite the importance of this critical curve, the fundamentals describing the physics of a CDC are still incomplete.
We present a physical model to describe the capillary desaturation curve. The model balances the capillary pressure and applied viscous stresses caused by flow and takes advantage of contact angle hysteresis that occurs in porous media. It defines a critical oil ganglia length that depends inversely on capillary number and depends on porosity, permeability, and wettability. We have combined the critical oil ganglia expression and ganglia length distribution in porous media to arrive at an expression for the capillary desaturation curve. The model suggests that when a trapped oil ganglion is larger than the critical ganglia length, the applied pressure difference can mobilize the trapped oil ganglion. We describe the differences and similarities between our critical ganglia length expression and previously reported expressions. The model describing the relationship between residual oil saturation and capillary number was successfully verified with microfluidic experiments using various crude oils and displacing fluids. We have also demonstrated that the model applies to previously reported coreflood CDCs from sandstone and carbonate media. Extension of the model led to a single curve representation of variations in Sor with reduced pressure. This representation is independent of the chemistry of the displacing fluid.