bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sculpting of Exoplanetary Systems Driven by a Misaligned Disk and Stellar Oblateness: Origin of Perpendicular Orbits in HD 3167
Authors: Fu 伏 Tao 韬 , Wang 王 Yue 悦 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A significant proportion of exoplanets have been detected with highly tilted or even polar orbits relative to their host stars’ equatorial planes. These unusual orbital configurations are often linked to postdisk secular interactions among multiple bodies. However, many aspects remain elusive. In this study, we investigate the role of disk-induced spin–orbit misalignments in shaping the architecture of multiplanet systems, taking into account the combined effect of the host star’s oblateness and the full-space disk potential. We demonstrate that large mutual planetary inclinations can arise from a saddle-center bifurcation occurring during the photoevaporation of the disk. This bifurcation triggers an instant, nonadiabatic transition in the planet’s libration. Following this process, the orbital evolution diverges into several distinct patterns. Notably, in scenarios involving a near-polar primordial misalignment, the orbit, consistently librating about a coplanar equilibrium axis, can be captured by an orthogonal equilibrium during the decay of the stellar oblateness. However, the orbit will be eventually recaptured by the coplanar equilibrium, aligned or antialigned with the orientation of the outer orbit, resulting in either a prograde or retrograde inner–outer orbit configuration. Additionally, general relativity contributes to maintaining eccentricity stability within these dynamic scenarios. Through the proposed mechanism, we can provide a plausible explanation for the unique, near-perpendicular, and likely retrograde orbit architecture observed in the HD 3167 system, enhancing our understanding of exoplanetary system dynamics.
Directing Rat Hair Follicle Stem Cells Toward Neuronal Lineage With Enhanced Trophic Factor Expression
Authors: Pandamooz Sareh , Chavoshinezhad Sara , Mostaghel Mandana , Rasekh Armita , Ghorbani Nasrin , Dara Mahintaj , Pandamooz Tahoura , Tanideh Nader , Salehi Mohammad Saied 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) are promising candidates for cell-based therapies in neurodegenerative diseases because of their ability to differentiate into neural lineages and exert paracrine effects in damaged tissues. However, their clinical application faces challenges, particularly in efficiently guiding them toward neural lineages. This study explores using chick embryo extract (CEE) to enhance HFSCs’ secretory capacity and neuronal differentiation.

Materials and Methods:
HFSCs from rat whisker pads were cultured in growth medium supplemented with either 20% FBS or a combination of 10% FBS and 10% CEE, transitioning to 20% FBS after the first subculture. We conducted gene expression profiling of lineage commitment markers and neurotrophic factors in both experimental groups, alongside morphological assessments and protein expression analyses.

Results:
CEE supplementation during migration increased neuronal differentiation, evidenced by more cells with neurites and higher MAP2 expression at both the gene and protein levels. CEE also inhibited the expression of PDGFR-α, indicating a suppression of differentiation toward Schwann cells. Furthermore, we observed increased levels of trophic factors such as BDNF and VEGF at passage 3 induced by CEE supplementation.

Conclusions:
Enhancing the neuronal lineage commitment of hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) and boosting the expression of trophic and angiogenic factors through short-term CEE preconditioning during their migratory stage presents a compelling approach. This strategy holds great promise in enhancing the effectiveness of stem cell-based therapies for neurological disorders.
Evaluation of CD4+ CD25+/high CD127low/- Regulatory T-Cells in Different Stages of Psoriatic Arthritis Patients
Authors: Safari Roya , Shakurnia Abdolhussein , Ghadiri Ata , Rajaei Elham , Mowla Karim , Haidari Maryam 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a systemic auto-immune condition characterized by diverse and distinctive inflammation, affecting both musculoskeletal and extra-articular systems. This study aims to investigate the role of regulatory T-cells (Tregs), specifically the CD4+CD25+/high CD127-/low subset, in PsA pathogenesis, and their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Materials and Methods:
In a case-control study involving 40 PsA patients and 25 healthy individuals, CD4+ CD25+/high CD127-/low Tregs were analyzed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using flow cytometry. Disease activity was assessed using the Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA) score.

Results:
We observed a significant positive correlation between Treg levels and the DAPSA score (P = 0.02) in non-treated PsA patients. Additionally, patient age showed a significant positive correlation with erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the same group (P = 0.04), emphasizing the potential influence of Tregs on disease activity and age-related effects on inflammatory markers in PsA.

Conclusion:
While not revealing significant differences in Treg populations, our research underscores the importance of considering specific Treg subsets in PsA. These subsets may respond differently to disease micro-environments and treatments, affecting disease progression. This study contributes to the broader comprehension of immune dysregulation in auto-immune diseases and suggests that further investigation into Treg subsets’ function and count is warranted. Such insights may lead to more tailored therapeutic approaches for PsA patients.
The Impact of Endometriosis on Reproductive Outcomes in ART Cycles
Authors: Ebrahimpoor Motahare , Firouzabadi Razieh Dehghani , Javaheri Atiyeh , Shamsi Farimah , Dashti Saeideh 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Endometriosis is defined as the existence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. This disease is responsible for about 15% of the indications for assisted reproductive technologies (ART).

Materials and Methods:
This study is a retrospective cross-sectional study on 1382 women aged 18-42 who underwent ART in Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute during 2018-2022. Women were divided into two groups: women with endometriosis (N = 173) and women with a tubal factor or unexplained infertility as the control group (N = 1209). Chemical and clinical pregnancy rates and live birth rates were compared.

Results:
Women with endometriosis had significantly (P < 0.001) lower retrieved oocytes (7.73 ± 5.52 vs 11.53 ± 7.46), metaphase II oocytes (6.27 ± 4.72 vs 9.37 ± 6.62), and the total number of obtained embryos (3.95 ± 3.52 vs 6.13 ± 5.02). Chemical (P = 0.001) and clinical (P = 0.028) pregnancy rates were lower in women with endometriosis, while live birth rates showed no difference between the two groups (P = 0.069).

Conclusion:
The findings of this study showed that endometriosis can disturb reproductive outcomes after ART.
Scrotoschisis: Management Challenges and Review of Literature
Authors: Sholadoye Tunde Talib , Aliyu Halima Oziohu , Baba Suleiman , Mshelbwala Philip Mari , Ameh Emmanuel Adoyi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Scrotoschisis (extracorporeal testicular ectopia) is a rare congenital defect of the scrotal sac associated with the extrusion of one or both testicles. The exact mechanism causing the anomaly is largely unknown. This is a report of two infants aged 3 and 4 days, respectively, presented with infected unilateral extracorporeal testicular ectopia. Both infants had orchidopexy and repair of the scrotal defect following debridement of the infected defects and administration of broad-spectrum parenteral antibiotics. The infants have remained well at 3 years of follow-up. The isolated unilateral disease was described by several authors. Delayed presentation in scrotoschisis results in superimposed infection which complicates surgical management resulting in a prolonged hospital stay.
Impact of colloidal silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) added for their antimicrobial efficacy on the compressive strength of poly(methyl methacrylate)-based acrylic denture base resin subjected to two different curing cycles: An in vitro study
Authors: Jain Saket Kumar , Ila Anbu , Palaniswamy Adhithiya , Saini Ravinder S. , Ahmed Hina , Singh Gautam , Babu J. Suresh , Swarnalatha C. , Nayyar Abhishek Singh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Colloidal silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been incorporated into acrylic resins to induce antimicrobial properties. However, as additives, they can influence the mechanical properties of the final product. The aim of the present study was to evaluate compressive strength of acrylic denture base resin incorporated with different concentrations of AgNPs subjected to two different curing cycles.

Materials and Methods:
Lucitone 199 acrylic denture base resin was used in the present in vitro study design because of its high-impact strength, while AgNPs were incorporated at 0.5% and 5% concentration by polymer mass. Specimens devoid of AgNPs were used as controls. The specimens were fabricated according to the American Dental Association specification No. 12 for denture base resin: Second revision, BS specification 2482 and tested for compressive strength using universal testing machine. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Descriptive statistics was used to compare two different curing cycles; while one-way analysis of variance and Kruskal–Wallis H-test were used for statistical analysis. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Colloidal silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) incorporation at 0.5% concentration increased the mean compressive strength in both the short and long curing cycles by 5.3% and 8.3% respectively when compared with the control group.

Conclusions:
The findings of the present study suggested that the mean compressive strength of acrylic denture base resin modified with 0.5% concentration of AgNPs was above the control group, both in the short and long curing cycles. However, at 5% concentration of AgNPs, decrease in compressive strength compared to the control group was observed, both in short and long curing cycles, giving it a questionable prognosis, while the results were found to be statistically significant.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Practice-based learning and improvement, Patient care and procedural skills, Systems-based practice, Medical knowledge.
“Environmental wellness” in family adoption program: A preassessment of awareness among 1st-year medical students
Authors: Priyaranjan Sahoo , Avinandan Sarkar , Sandhya Sahoo , Ipsa Mohapatra , Chand Acharya Geeta , Kumar Behera Basanta 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
In India, the National Medical Commission, introduced the concept of “Environmental health and wellness,” in the medical curriculum in the year 2020, to equip the future doctors in addressing complex issues such as climate change and health. As a part of the “Family adoption Program,” the students are required “to carry out and be a part of the environment protection and sustenance activities.” The study was done to assess the knowledge and practices of “environmental wellness (EW)” of 1st-year medical students.

Materials and Methods:
Using a cross-sectional study design, the study was conducted using a semi-structured, self-administered, online questionnaire, with sections on demographics, climate change, environmental laws, and wellness, after institutional ethics committee approval. Responses on aspects of EW were rated and scored as “never,” “rarely,” “sometimes,” “regularly,” and “always” from lowest to highest. Results were presented as frequency, proportion, percentages, and mean scores; Chi-square, F-test, and t-test were used as tests of association; P < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results:
Of the 250 students, 212 were present during the preawareness generation session; 179 consented, with a response rate of 84.4%. Their mean age was 19.79 ± 1.76 years and 70.94% were females; 84.9% knew about appropriate state-level laws regarding environmental pollution. 77.65% had excellent, 16.20% good, and 6.15% had a fair level of EW scores. The females had a better attitude (P = 0.004) and practice (P = 0.037) in comparison to male students with regard to different aspects of EW.

Conclusion:
The students were well aware of EW, with the female students having better practices. Inculcating these good practices with regard to EW would help them to spread awareness regarding the same in the community, thereby helping them achieve the competency required in the field visits, which would help them with regard to percolating the importance of the environment in health and wellness, at the community level.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Practice-based learning and improvement, Medical knowledge, Systems-based practice, and Professionalism.
The efficacy of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient mapping for non-neoplastic lesions of the knee joint
Authors: Soliman Ghada M.M. , Hefeda Mohamed M. , Mahmoud Ashraf A. , Dawoud Rasha M. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Alternative MRI sequences that rely on different MR physical principles have been developed to replace the conventional MRI sequences.

Aim
To assess the efficacy of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient mapping (ADC) with different b-values in non-neoplastic lesions of the knee joint.

Patients and methods
A total of 50 patients with non-neoplastic knee lesions underwent MRI scan using conventional and DWI with P values 50 400 800 mm2/s. Twelve patients underwent surgical intervention, 18 patients were treated conventionally and underwent follow-up MRIs. ADC values of normal cartilage in 10 patients were compared with that of diseased cartilage in 18 patients with the same age range and the mean values were computed and analyzed.

Results
DWI especially with P value 400 mm2/s showed 81.50% accuracy in detecting meniscal tears in comparison to conventional MRI. DWI and ADC mapping can accurately detect anterior cruciate ligament lesions with sensitivity of 92% for complete tears and 94% for partial tears, ADC values were higher in diseased cartilage in the patient’s group than in normal cartilage in the control group.

Conclusions
DWI and ADC mapping can visualize meniscal and Anterior Cruciate Ligament tears accurately, but adding DWI sequence to conventional MRI for discrimination between complete and partial tears did not markedly increase the diagnostic performance.
ADC values of cartilage could be efficiently used in the diagnosis of cartilage changes.
The effect of sleeve gastrectomy on pyloric mucosa of obese adult male albino rat: a histological study
Authors: El-Fakharany Nourhan K.I. , Elswaidy Noha R.M. , El-ebs Sadika M.T. , Salam Aladdin G.A. , Abd-elmoneim Sarhan Naglaa I. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Obesity is an excessive accumulation of fat tissue that threatens health. The number of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has been increased greatly over the last 10 years, because it seems to be a safer and easier solution.

Aim
This work’s objective was to study the effect of SG on the pyloric gastric mucosa of obese adult male albino rats using light microscope (LM).

Materials and methods
The present study was carried out on fifty adult male albino rats, weighing between 190 and 260 gm. They were divided into four main groups; control GI, obese nonoperated GII, sham GIII, and operated GIV. Pyloric specimens were processed for LM study and statistical analysis.

Results
After 4 weeks of obesity induction, (GII, III, and IV) showed a statistically significant increase in their body weight compared with GI. After 4 weeks of the operation, statistically significant differences in the body weight were observed between all groups. GIII was running in between. LM examination of the pyloric mucosa of GIV revealed damage to the epithelial surface with abnormal pits. Distorted gastric glands with inflammatory cellular infiltration and congested blood vessels were evident in their lamina propria in association with altered muscularis mucosa. These results were confirmed statistically.

Conclusion
Microscopic changes in the pyloric mucosa of adult male albino rats take place after SG.
Effect of anti vascular endothelial growth factor injection on neovascularization of retina in proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Mohammed Nermein M. , Wasfy Tamer E. , Elbaradey Mohamed H. , Eldesouky Elsaied I. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has captured the attention of many investigators involved with ocular neovascularization.

Aim
This work aimed to evaluate the effect of anti-VEGF injection on neovascularization of the retina in cases of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) by fundus fluorescein angiography.

Patients and methods
This prospective study was carried out on 30 eyes of thirty patients aged from 24 to 66 years old, both sexes, diagnosed with PDR who were treated with anti-VEGF injection (Lucentis, Eylea) for 3 months. The neovessels at disc (NVD) or elsewhere in the retina (NVE) were compared before and after injection (after 1, 2 months) by fundus fluorescein angiography.

Results
There is a significant good effect of anti VEGF injection on NVD after 1 and 2 months of injection. There is significant good effect of anti VEGF injection on NVEs after 1 and 2 months of injection (P<0.001). There is no significant difference between effect of Eylea and effect of Lucentis on NVDs and NVEs with insignificant P value of 0.243 and 0.662 after 1 month of injection, and insignificant P value 0.182, and 0.480 after 2 months of injection.

Conclusions
Injection with anti VEGF has a good effect on neovascularisations of retina at disc or elsewhere and can treat it so injection not only for macular oedema but also to treat neo vessels in PDR.
Cause-Specific Mortality among Infants in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Azithromycin Compared to Placebo for Prevention of Mortality
Authors: Ouattara Mamadou , Sié Ali , Bountogo Mamadou , Boudo Valentin , Ouedraogo Thierry , Dah Clarisse , Lebas Elodie , Hu Huiyu , Lansdale Aimee , Fetterman Ian , Arnold Benjamin F. , Lietman Thomas M. , Oldenburg Catherine E. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT.
Although community randomized trials have found a reduction in all-cause child mortality in communities receiving mass azithromycin distribution compared with placebo, individually randomized trials have not found similar protective effects. If a direct effect of azithromycin for prevention of child mortality exists, it is likely due to reduction in infectious mortality. Here, we assessed cause-specific mortality in a large randomized controlled trial of azithromycin administered during well-infant visits in Burkina Faso for prevention of mortality. Among 32,877 enrolled infants, the most common causes of death by 6 months of age were malaria, acute respiratory infections, and diarrheal disease. We found no evidence of a difference in the distribution of cause of death by randomized treatment assignment (P = 0.42) or in any infectious-specific cause of death. The results of this analysis are consistent with no direct effect of azithromycin on infant mortality when administered during well-infant visits.
Beneficios del software postprocesado para neuroimagen en epilepsia
Authors: De Leon Barrios Victor Hugo 
Published: September 2024

PROBLEMA: se requiere conocer los beneficios y necesidades en el uso de software postprocesado para neuroimagen en la enfermedad de epilepsia. OBJETIVO: obtener de la base de datos de conocimiento: (1) si la población evaluada sabe de la existencia de la enfermedad, (2) uso de tecnologías relacionadas a neuroimágenes, (3) experiencia con software postprocesado en neuroimagen, (4) conocimiento de dispositivos y APPS para pacientes con epilepsia, (5) generaciones humanas involucradas en el estudio. MÉTODO: descriptivo, obteniendo cantidad y cualidad de la muestra. RESULTADOS: en la muestra de más de noventa personas y a través de dos formularios electrónicos que captaron la información con doce preguntas cada uno, se observa que el 35% de ellas son parte de la generación humana Millennial predominando el sexo masculino en un 52%, 91% a 98% han escuchado de epilepsia, desconocen APPs / dispositivos / software especializado para neuroimagen en el tratamiento de epilepsia. CONCLUSIÓN: las personas y especialistas evaluados(as) en su mayoría son jóvenes de sexo masculino 58% de la muestra. Cabe mencionar que el 98% desconoce el software postprocesado para neuroimágenes, el 91% conoce la enfermedad y el 83% ha experimentado o conoce de las alternativas de apoyo en neuroimagen.
Alteraciones conductuales en personas con problemas para dormir por una mala calidad del sueño
Authors: Rodríguez Rivadeneira Yesenia Marleni 
Published: September 2024

PROBLEMA: cambios conductuales en el individuo debido a dificultades en los procesos del ciclo circadiano durante el ciclo de vida por alteraciones genéticas y epigenéticas debido a estímulos externos. OBJETIVO: interpretación de los test que evalúa la calidad del sueño y cambios conductuales , crear rutinas para la higiene del sueño y así estabilizar al paciente mejorando la calidad de vida. MÉTODO: el estudio se llevó a cabo a través de una investigación experimental en línea, a través de una clínica privada “Neuropsicología para ti E.D.R”, la muestra incluye jóvenes menores de edad y adultos de ambos sexos quienes son estudiante universitarios y trabajadores, en rango de edades de 16 a 55 años RESULTADOS: un grupo muy reducido de la muestra no presentaba problemas de sueño siendo la mayoría del departamento de Chimaltenango y Tecpán, las personas más afectadas se ubican en la ciudad capital y corresponden a un grupo muy joven de personas. CONCLUSIÓN: se considera importante evaluar a personas de diferentes áreas departamentales para determinar si la vida en la ciudad representa un factor de riesgo para las personas con problemas de sueño e implementar las rutinas de higiene del sueño.
Condiciones De Trabajo Y Su Impacto En La Salud Física Y Psicosocial De Los Trabajadores Del Sector Agropecuario
Authors: Restrepo Escobar Francisco Eladio 
Published: September 2024

Dentro del Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo, prevenir el riesgo y velar por la integridad física y mental de los trabajadores, se hace cada vez más visible e importante en todos los sectores de la economía. De esta manera, el concepto de Calidad de Vida toma un rol importante en las expectativas y experiencias de las personas, por lo que se trazó el objetivo de identificar las percepciones que tienen los trabajadores de unidades de producción agropecuarias sobre su calidad de vida laboral. Se trata de una investigación descriptiva en la cual se analizaron las siguientes dimensiones: condiciones de trabajo, seguridad y salud, riesgos psicosociales y efectos secundarios del trabajo. La población estuvo constituida por 170 personas que se dedican a la producción agrícola y pecuaria. Dentro de los resultados, los empleados se sienten a gusto y tranquilos con su labor, no obstante, la variable centrada en los efectos secundarios del trabajo tuvo una calificación baja, esto demuestra que el esfuerzo físico y la exigencia del trabajo afecta el día a día en el proceso de la producción. En términos generales, desde una perspectiva subjetiva los trabajadores manifiestan que sus condiciones de trabajo óptimas en el aporte a sus necesidades. Sin embargo, desde una perspectiva del investigador, las condiciones laborales de los empleados siguen siendo precarias. Desde las experiencias, para las personas el trabajo es muy importante y motivador, por cuanto de este depende la familia