bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Castable Bulk Metallic Glass Strain Wave Gears: Towards Decreasing the Cost of High-Performance Robotics
Authors: Hofmann Douglas C. , Polit-Casillas Raul , Roberts Scott N. , Borgonia John-Paul , Dillon Robert P. , Hilgemann Evan , Kolodziejska Joanna , Montemayor Lauren , Suh Jong-ook , Hoff Andrew , Carpenter Kalind , Parness Aaron , Johnson William L. , Kennett Andrew , Wilcox Brian 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe use of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) as the flexspline in strain wave gears (SWGs), also known as harmonic drives, is presented. SWGs are unique, ultra-precision gearboxes that function through the elastic flexing of a thin-walled cup, called a flexspline. The current research demonstrates that BMGs can be cast at extremely low cost relative to machining and can be implemented into SWGs as an alternative to steel. This approach may significantly reduce the cost of SWGs, enabling lower-cost robotics. The attractive properties of BMGs, such as hardness, elastic limit and yield strength, may also be suitable for extreme environment applications in spacecraft.
A parasite-derived 68-mer peptide ameliorates autoimmune disease in murine models of Type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis
Authors: Lund Maria E. , Greer Judith , Dixit Aakanksha , Alvarado Raquel , McCauley-Winter Padraig , To Joyce , Tanaka Akane , Hutchinson Andrew T. , Robinson Mark W. , Simpson Ann M. , O’Brien Bronwyn A. , Dalton John P. , Donnelly Sheila 
Published: November 2016

AbstractHelminth parasites secrete molecules that potently modulate the immune responses of their hosts and, therefore, have potential for the treatment of immune-mediated human diseases. FhHDM-1, a 68-mer peptide secreted by the helminth parasite Fasciola hepatica, ameliorated disease in two different murine models of autoimmunity, type 1 diabetes and relapsing-remitting immune-mediated demyelination. Unexpectedly, FhHDM-1 treatment did not affect the proliferation of auto-antigen specific T cells or their production of cytokines. However, in both conditions, the reduction in clinical symptoms was associated with the absence of immune cell infiltrates in the target organ (islets and the brain tissue). Furthermore, after parenteral administration, the FhHDM-1 peptide interacted with macrophages and reduced their capacity to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF and IL-6. We propose this inhibition of innate pro-inflammatory immune responses, which are central to the initiation of autoimmunity in both diseases, prevented the trafficking of autoreactive lymphocytes from the periphery to the site of autoimmunity (as opposed to directly modulating their function per se), and thus prevented tissue destruction. The ability of FhHDM-1 to modulate macrophage function, combined with its efficacy in disease prevention in multiple models, suggests that FhHDM-1 has considerable potential as a treatment for autoimmune diseases.
Adipose Stem Cells Display Higher Regenerative Capacities and More Adaptable Electro-Kinetic Properties Compared to Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
Authors: El-Badawy Ahmed , Amer Marwa , Abdelbaset Reda , Sherif Sameh N. , Abo-Elela Marwan , Ghallab Yehya H. , Abdelhamid Hamdy , Ismail Yehea , El-Badri Nagwa 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAdipose stem cells (ASCs) have recently emerged as a more viable source for clinical applications, compared to bone-marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) because of their abundance and easy access. In this study we evaluated the regenerative potency of ASCs compared to BM-MSCs. Furthermore, we compared the dielectric and electro-kinetic properties of both types of cells using a novel Dielectrophoresis (DEP) microfluidic platform based on a printed circuit board (PCB) technology. Our data show that ASCs were more effective than BM-MSCs in promoting neovascularization in an animal model of hind-limb ischemia. When compared to BM-MSCs, ASCs displayed higher resistance to hypoxia-induced apoptosis, and to oxidative stress-induced senescence, and showed more potent proangiogenic activity. mRNA expression analysis showed that ASCs had a higher expression of Oct4 and VEGF than BM-MSCs. Furthermore, ASCs showed a remarkably higher telomerase activity. Analysis of the electro-kinetic properties showed that ASCs displayed different traveling wave velocity and rotational speed compared to BM-MSCs. Interestingly, ASCs seem to develop an adaptive response when exposed to repeated electric field stimulation. These data provide new insights into the physiology of ASCs, and evidence to their potential superior potency compared to marrow MSCs as a source of stem cells.
Meteotsunamis in the Laurentian Great Lakes
Authors: Bechle Adam J. , Wu Chin H. , Kristovich David A. R. , Anderson Eric J. , Schwab David J. , Rabinovich Alexander B. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe generation mechanism of meteotsunamis, which are meteorologically induced water waves with spatial/temporal characteristics and behavior similar to seismic tsunamis, is poorly understood. We quantify meteotsunamis in terms of seasonality, causes, and occurrence frequency through the analysis of long-term water level records in the Laurentian Great Lakes. The majority of the observed meteotsunamis happen from late-spring to mid-summer and are associated primarily with convective storms. Meteotsunami events of potentially dangerous magnitude (height > 0.3 m) occur an average of 106 times per year throughout the region. These results reveal that meteotsunamis are much more frequent than follow from historic anecdotal reports. Future climate scenarios over the United States show a likely increase in the number of days favorable to severe convective storm formation over the Great Lakes, particularly in the spring season. This would suggest that the convectively associated meteotsunamis in these regions may experience an increase in occurrence frequency or a temporal shift in occurrence to earlier in the warm season. To date, meteotsunamis in the area of the Great Lakes have been an overlooked hazard.
The preparation and characterization of a novel sphingan WL from marine Sphingomonas sp. WG
Authors: Li Hui , Jiao Xue , Sun Yajie , Sun Shiwei , Feng Zhimei , Zhou Wanlong , Zhu Hu 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSphingans, a group of structurally closely related bacterial exopolysaccharides produced by members of the genus Sphingomonas, can be applied in a variety of industries such as food, cement, and personal care applications due to their high viscosity. A high sphingan-producing-bacterium, Sphingomonas sp. WG can secret large quantity of sphingan designated as WL. To enhance the production of WL, a three-stage control strategy was applied and the highest WL production can reach 33.3 g/L. The rheological analysis showed that the aqueous solution of WL had high viscosity, typical shearing-thinning behavior and great stability to high temperature, a wide range of pH (1 to 14), and high salinity. WL was composed principally of carbohydrate with 6.52% O-acyl groups. The carbohydrate portion of WL contained about 13% glucuronic acid and some neutral sugars including mannose, glucose and rhamnose in the molar ratio of 1:2.28:2.12. Partial acid hydrolysis of WL produced a new oligosaccharide WL-1. Structural resolution revealed that WL-1 consisted of α-L-Rha-(1→4)-β-L-Rha-(1→4)-β-D-Glc-(1→3)-α-D-Glc with β-D-Man substituent at the third glucose residue and carboxyl and O-acyl groups. These findings will broaden the applications of this novel sphingan in food, ink, oil and other industries.
Porous hollow manganites with robust composite shells for oxidation of CO at low temperature
Authors: Yoo Jung Bo , Bang Sora , Kim Kyungtae , Li Chengbin , Kim Ji Man , Hur Nam Hwi 
Published: November 2016

Hollow-type manganite-coated silica microspheres were synthesized via the thermal hydrolysis of urea. The Mn2O3/SiO2_3T microspheres with robust shells exhibit best catalytic performance for CO oxidation even at temperatures below 200 °C.
Reliability of magnetic tunnel junctions with a spinel MgAl2O4 film
Authors: Choi C.M. , Sukegawa H. , Mitani S. , Song Y.H. 
Published: November 2016

We investigated the stress‐induced resistance drift and breakdown characteristics in MgAl2O4 (MAO)‐based magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with the MAO thickness of ∼0.9 nm. The occurrence of trap sites around the tunnel barrier–electrode interfaces was characterised via interval voltage stress (IVS) and constant voltage stress (CVS) experiments, in which the occurrence of trap sites affects the resistance drift in IVS and time‐dependent dielectric breakdown in CVS. The observed resistance drift ratios were almost the same for positive and negative applied voltages, indicating that the difference in the interface structure was negligibly small between the top and bottom MAO/CoFe interfaces in the MAO‐based MTJs. More interestingly, the resistance drift ratios were very low compared with the results of a previous study on MgO‐based MTJs. MAO‐based MTJs is likely to be an effective alternative that can be used to improve MTJ device reliability.
Nano‐plasmonic chirped metal‐stripes polarimeter for dual‐band infrared detection
Authors: Awad E. , Abdel‐Rahman M. 
Published: November 2016

A novel chirped metal structure (CMS) is developed for polarimetric enhanced detection of both mid‐wave (MW) (3–5 µm) and long‐wave (LW) infrared (IR) wavelength bands (8–14 µm). The nano‐scale structure consists of parallel sub‐wavelength chirped‐width stripes together with graded‐width separating gaps. The CMS allows plasmonically enhanced polarisation‐sensitive absorption of dual‐bands simultaneously in underneath IR detection device. The finite‐difference‐time‐domain method is utilised to numerically evaluate gold CMS structure on an IR detector. Simulations show an excellent performance with high plasmonic absorption enhancement and polarisation extinction‐ratio over the continuous wavelength range 3–14 µm. The maximum recorded extinction‐ratios are 2900:1 and 400:1 in the LW and MW bands, respectively. The maximum estimated plasmonic absorption enhancements for TM‐polarisation in the LW and MW bands are 96 and 16%, respectively. The suppression of TE‐polarisation absorption is almost 100% over both bands.
Non-Invasive Intracranial Pressure Evaluation in an Emergency Room – Point-of-Care Ultrasonography
Authors: Damiani Daniel , Damiani Durval 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPoint-of-care ultrasound is modifying conducts in emergency care. The various medical specialties, in addition to traditional indications in cases of multiple trauma, are using this technique for rapid diagnosis at the bedside without patient mobilization and without radiation. Point-of-care ultrasound in neurocritical patients, through its transorbital window, can estimate the intracranial pressure by a non-invasive method. Through the measurement of the diameter of the optic nerve sheath 3 mm posterior to the retina, the intracranial pressure is estimated if the value of the diameter is > 5 mm, as it has been verified in other studies. The present article describes the most current data on this topic, and it also highlights the need for more multicentric and randomized trials to determine the correct cut-off points that represent the high sensibility and specificity of the method.
Resource-related inequalities in mothers’ employment in two family-policy regimes: evidence from Switzerland and West Germany
Authors: Liechti Lena 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
Using data from the Swiss Household Panel (1999–2012) and the German Socio-Economic Panel (1994–2010), this paper compares the impact of mothers’ education and her partners’ income on maternal employment within the second to the fourth year after childbirth in Switzerland and West Germany. The broadly similar institutional context in the two countries makes for a more controlled and narrower comparison. Around the turn of the millennium, both family-policy regimes did little to foster dual-earner families. However, they differed in their support for families’ caring role (familialistic policies), with West Germany being much more generous. It is expected that these familialistic policies widen the educational gap in maternal employment, by selectively encouraging less-educated mothers to stay at home. Moreover, they are also expected to lower the economic pressure on low-income families to have a second income, thus diminishing the impact of partners’ income. Results confirm this expectation only within the fourth year after childbirth but not within the years before. This is somehow surprising, as central country-differences with respect to familialistic policies refer to the first three years after childbirth.
Benchmarks for measurement of duplicate detection methods in nucleotide databases
Authors: Chen Qingyu , Zobel Justin , Verspoor Karin 
Published: November 2016

Duplication of information in databases is a major data quality challenge. The presence of duplicates, implying either redundancy or inconsistency, can have a range of impacts on the quality of analyses that use the data. To provide a sound basis for research on this issue in databases of nucleotide sequences, we have developed new, large-scale validated collections of duplicates, which can be used to test the effectiveness of duplicate detection methods. Previous collections were either designed primarily to test efficiency, or contained only a limited number of duplicates of limited kinds. To date, duplicate detection methods have been evaluated on separate, inconsistent benchmarks, leading to results that cannot be compared and, due to limitations of the benchmarks, of questionable generality. In this study, we present three nucleotide sequence database benchmarks, based on information drawn from a range of resources, including information derived from mapping to two data sections within the UniProt Knowledgebase (UniProtKB), UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and UniProtKB/TrEMBL. Each benchmark has distinct characteristics. We quantify these characteristics and argue for their complementary value in evaluation. The benchmarks collectively contain a vast number of validated biological duplicates; the largest has nearly half a billion duplicate pairs (although this is probably only a tiny fraction of the total that is present). They are also the first benchmarks targeting the primary nucleotide databases. The records include the 21 most heavily studied organisms in molecular biology research. Our quantitative analysis shows that duplicates in the different benchmarks, and in different organisms, have different characteristics. It is thus unreliable to evaluate duplicate detection methods against any single benchmark. For example, the benchmark derived from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot mappings identifies more diverse types of duplicates, showing the importance of expert curation, but is limited to coding sequences. Overall, these benchmarks form a resource that we believe will be of great value for development and evaluation of the duplicate detection or record linkage methods that are required to help maintain these essential resources.
Database URL : https://bitbucket.org/biodbqual/benchmarks
Comparative Efficacy of Radiofrequency and Pulsed Dye Laser in the Treatment of Rosacea
Authors: Kim Sue-Jeong , Lee Young , Seo Young-Joon , Lee Jeung-Hoon , Im Myung 
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND
Laser and light-based therapies have been used successfully in the treatment of rosacea; however, evidence is lacking regarding the efficacy of radiofrequency (RF).

OBJECTIVE
This study evaluated the efficacy of RF in the treatment of rosacea compared with pulsed dye laser (PDL).

METHODS
Thirty patients with rosacea (erythematotelangiectatic rosacea [ETR], n = 20; papulopustular rosacea [PPR], n = 10) were enrolled in a randomized, controlled, split-face study. The patients were treated with RF on one side and PDL on the other side. Each treatment consisted of 3 sessions at 4-week intervals and followed up until 4 weeks after the last treatment. Efficacy was assessed by rosacea severity score, erythema index, lesion counts, physician's subjective evaluation, and patient's satisfaction.

RESULTS
Radiofrequency and PDL resulted in significant improvement in severity scores and erythema and 70% of the patients receiving RF treatment showed a clinical improvement of >50%. No significant difference was noted between RF and PDL treatment in ETR. However, RF treatment led to a significantly greater decrease in papulopustular lesion count and rosacea severity score in PPR compared with PDL treatment.

CONCLUSION
RF therapy was effective in the treatment of rosacea. It should be considered an alternative therapeutic option, especially in PPR.
Embryonic Stem Cell–like Population in Dupuytren’s Disease
Authors: Koh Sabrina P. , On Nicholas , Brasch Helen D. , Chibnall Alice M. , Armstrong James R. , Davis Paul F. , Tan Swee T. , Itinteang Tinte 
Published: November 2016

Background:
Recent research has identified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) within Dupuytren’s disease (DD) tissue and they have been proposed to give rise to the myofibroblasts, implicated in the progression of this condition. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize the primitive population that might be upstream of the MSC population, within DD.

Methods:
Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded 4-µm-thick sections of DD cords and nodules obtained from 6 patients underwent 3,3-diaminobenzidine and immunofluorescent immunohistochemical staining for embryonic stem cell (ESC) markers OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, pSTAT3, and SALL4 and endothelial markers CD34 and ERG. NanoString gene expression analysis was performed to determine the transcriptional activation of these markers.

Results:
Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated the expression of ESC markers OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, pSTAT3, and SALL4 on the endothelium of the microvessels expressing CD34 and ERG, particularly those surrounding the DD nodules. NanoString analysis confirmed the transcriptional activation of OCT4, NANOG, STAT3, and SALL4, but not SOX2.

Conclusion:
This article demonstrates the novel finding of an ESC-like population expressing ESC markers OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, pSTAT3, and SALL4, localized to the endothelium of the microvessels within DD tissue, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for this condition.
Endoscopic Adipofascial Radial Forearm Flap Reconstruction of a Clival Defect
Authors: Hackman Trevor G. 
Published: November 2016

Summary:
Skull base surgical defects present unique challenges to anatomic and functional reconstruction. Fortunately, many endonasal skull base defects are successfully managed with a variety of local and regional reconstructive techniques. However, when prior surgery or radiotherapy eliminates the use of these local and regional reconstructive options, more elaborate free tissue transfer techniques are required. Managing endoscopic skull base defects of the anterior cranial fossa and clivus is further complicated by the limited access afforded for flap inset. The following case report describes durable reconstruction of a clival defect with an endoscopically-tunneled adipofascial radial forearm tissue transfer. The case highlights importance of a multidisciplinary surgical team approach with strong foundations in endonasal skull base and reconstructive surgery to achieve successful reconstruction of complex endonasal defects.
Barriers to Reconstructive Hand Surgery for Rheumatoid Arthritis in China: A Multicenter Survey of Patients and Physicians
Authors: Franzblau Lauren E. , Liang Xuebing , Wang Keming , Li Zhanguo , Li Yingni , Shauver Melissa , Chung Kevin C. 
Published: November 2016

Background:
China has a similar rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease burden compared with other countries, yet RA patients rarely receive surgical treatment for hand deformities that limit function and impact appearance. We investigated potential barriers to rheumatoid hand surgery in China.

Methods:
Patients with RA, rheumatologists, and hand surgeons at 3 large tertiary hospitals in Beijing completed questionnaires that assess knowledge and attitudes surrounding RA hand surgery. We calculated descriptive statistics and compared responses among groups using chi-square and Fisher exact tests as appropriate.

Results:
One hundred RA patients with hand deformities and 94 physicians completed the surveys. No patients had received hand surgery, and just 13% were aware of this treatment option. Patients and physicians most frequently cited uncertain effectiveness of surgery, high cost, and risk of surgical complications as potential barriers to hand reconstruction. Rheumatologists reported low rates of referral to hand surgeons (39% referred <5% of the time and 31% never referred). Most hand surgeons (69%) had not performed metacarpophalangeal arthroplasty, a common procedure for RA hand deformities, within the past year. Some had never performed this operation.

Conclusions:
This survey revealed multiple barriers that support previous observations of infrequent reconstruction of RA hand deformities in China. These obstacles can be addressed through patient education, coordination between specialists, and more robust hand surgeon training in common RA procedures through the application of international plastic surgery collaborations.
New B-cell Lymphomas in the Setting of a Previous Rare Breast Implant–Associated B-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Messer Alison , Jenkinson Helena , Wang Wei , Duvic Madeleine 
Published: November 2016

Summary:
We present a follow-up of a patient who underwent right-sided subtotal mastectomy and placement of right-sided saline implant in 1968 for a phyllodes tumor and then in 2012 was diagnosed with a rare B-cell type lymphoma of the right breast. In 2015, she was diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma involvement of the left breast and left leg and experienced subsequent self-regression of leg lesions without therapy.
COUGHING-INDUCED SUPRACHOROIDAL HEMORRHAGE SIMULATING MELANOMA IN TWO CASES
Authors: Marous Charlotte L. , Sioufi Kareem , Shields Carol L. , Mashayekhi Arman , Shields Jerry A. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose:
To describe two cases of coughing-induced suprachoroidal hemorrhage referred as choroidal melanoma.

Methods:
Observational case reports.

Results:
Two female patients (ages 54 and 60 years) were referred with possible choroidal melanoma. Both gave a history of 1 day of heavy coughing with Valsalva maneuver within 2 weeks before discovery of the tumor. In one case, the patient used anticoagulants for aortic valve replacement and the other patient used antiasthma medications. One patient noted sharp ocular pain one week before presentation to this service. In both cases, the choroidal lesion was at the globe equator, near a vortex ampulla, and appeared homogeneously dark brown and with acoustic hollowness on ultrasonography, concerning for choroidal melanoma. However, neither lesion demonstrated intrinsic vascularity on fluorescein angiography or indocyanine angiography. Both lesions showed isoautofluorescence and optical coherence tomography evidence of shallow choroidal folds with inner choroidal elevation over a dome-shaped, optically-lucent deep choroidal mass, consistent with suprachoroidal hemorrhage. Fine needle aspiration biopsy in 1 case confirmed blood without melanoma. Both cases were observed with complete spontaneous resolution of the hemorrhage and normal-appearing choroid within 2 months.

Conclusion:
Coughing-induced suprachoroidal hemorrhage can simulate melanoma. Clinical and imaging features can assist in diagnosis. The hemorrhage generally resolves within few months.