bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulation of Daily Rainfall in Southern Vietnam by the Madden–Julian Oscillation and Convectively Coupled Equatorial Waves
Authors: van der Linden Roderick , Fink Andreas H. , Pinto Joaquim G. , Phan-Van Tan , Kiladis George N. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Rainfall extremes have a large socioeconomic relevance for southern Vietnam. More than 30 million people live in this low-lying, flood-prone region in Southeast Asia. In this study the influence of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and convectively coupled equatorial waves on the modulation of daily rainfall during the rainy season (May–October) is evaluated and quantified using an extensive station database and the gridded Asian Precipitation–Highly Resolved Observational Data Integration Toward Evaluation of Water Resources (APHRODITE) product for different phases of the equatorial waves.
The MJO, Kelvin, and equatorial Rossby (ER) waves significantly modulate daily rainfall in Vietnam south of 16°N. The MJO shows the most coherent signals across the region, followed by ER waves, whose influence is strongest in central Vietnam; Kelvin waves only affect the southern parts of Vietnam. For all waves, the frequency of occurrence of intense daily rainfall larger than 25 mm is significantly enhanced during wet phases, whereas the magnitude of rainfall anomalies is related to the wave’s amplitude only in the MJO and ER cases. A novel wave interference diagram reveals strong positive interferences of dry and wet anomalies when the MJO occurs concurrently with Kelvin and ER waves. In terms of causes of rainfall anomalies, the waves modulate tropospheric moisture convergence over the region, but a strong influence on the depth of the monsoon flow and the vertical wind shear is discernible from radiosonde data only for the MJO. The results suggest new opportunities for submonthly prediction of dry and wet spells in Indochina.
Enhanced Diapycnal Mixing due to Near-Inertial Internal Waves Propagating through an Anticyclonic Eddy in the Ice-Free Chukchi Plateau
Authors: Kawaguchi Yusuke , Nishino Shigeto , Inoue Jun , Maeno Katsuhisa , Takeda Hiroki , Oshima Kazuhiro 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe Arctic Ocean is known to be quiescent in terms of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) associated with internal waves. To investigate the current state of TKE in the seasonally ice-free Chukchi Plateau, Arctic Ocean, this study performed a 3-week, fixed-point observation (FPO) using repeated microstructure, hydrographic, and current measurements in September 2014. During the FPO program, the microstructure observation detected noticeable peaks of TKE dissipation rate ε during the transect of an anticyclonic eddy moving across the FPO station. Particularly, ε had a significant elevation in the lower halocline layer, near the critical level, reaching the order of 10−8 W kg−1. The ADCP-measured current displayed energetic near-inertial internal waves (NIWs) propagating via the stratification at the top and bottom of the anticyclone. According to spectral analyses of horizontal velocity, the waves had almost downward energy propagation, and its current amplitude reached ~10 cm s−1. The WKB scaling, incorporating vertical variations of relative vorticity, suggests that increased wave energy near the two pycnoclines was associated with diminishing group velocity at the corresponding depths. The finescale parameterization using observed near-inertial velocity and buoyancy frequency successfully reproduced the characteristics of observed ε, supporting that the near-inertial kinetic energy can be effectively dissipated into turbulence near the critical layer. According to a mixed layer slab model, a rapidly moving storm that has passed over in the first week likely delivered the bulk of NIW kinetic energy, eventually captured by the vortex, into the surface water.
Topical Ketoprofen Versus Placebo in Treatment of Acute Ankle Sprain in the Emergency Department
Authors: Serinken Mustafa , Eken Cenker , Elicabuk Hayri 
Published: May 2016

Background: Topical agents have been shown to be effective in soft tissue injuries and commonly used in outpatient clinics. However, the data regarding topical agents in the emergency department is insufficient, and they are not used often in the emergency department setting. The present study aimed to compare the effect of 2.5% topical ketoprofen (gel form) to placebo in patients presenting with ankle sprain to the emergency department. Methods: Patients presenting with ankle sprain composed the study population. Study patients were randomized into 2 study arms: 2.5% ketoprofen gel and placebo administered over a 5-cm area locally. Pain alleviation was measured by visual analog scale at 15 and 30 minutes. A total of 100 patients were included in the final analysis. Results: The median pain reduction in ketoprofen and placebo groups at 15 minutes was 27 (19.8-33.4) and 9 (7.6-17), respectively. The median pain reduction at 30 minutes for both groups was 42 (36-50.8) and 20 (17.6-24.4), respectively. Pain improvement either at 15 minutes (median difference: 16 [9-22]) or 30 minutes (median difference: 21 [15-27]) was better in the ketoprofen group than placebo. There were no adverse effects in either group. Conclusion: Ketoprofen gel was superior to placebo at 30 minutes in alleviating pain secondary to ankle sprain in the ED with a high safety profile. Further studies are needed concerning the effect of ketoprofen gel for long-term effects. Level of Evidence: Level I, high quality prospective randomized study.
The Effect of Phentolamine on Reversing Soft Tissue Anesthesia
Authors: Verma V. , Ramamoorthi M. , Morris M. , Siddiqui F. , Esfandiari S. 
Published: May 2016

Long-lasting numbness of soft tissues such as lips, tongue, and cheeks after dental anesthesia is not only unpleasant but has the potential to cause self-inflicted damage to the numb tissue. Phentolamine mesylate, when injected in vicinity to the site of local anesthesia, accelerates the absorption of local anesthesia. Dental use of this drug was approved in the United States and Canada in 2008 and 2014, respectively. The rapidly increasing popularity of this novel technology (intraoral phentolamine injections) warrants a health technology assessment for clinicians. A medical librarian conducted a systematic literature search (up to March 1, 2016) for any clinical study involving intraoral phentolamine injection. Meta-analysis of the efficacy data from 4 clinical studies supports the role of intraoral phentolamine injections in shortening the duration of numbness after local anesthesia. No publication bias was found in the selected studies. The selected studies identified no serious adverse events other than pain at the site of injection and some postprocedural pain. Our cost-effectiveness analysis shows phentolamine mesylate to be an effective treatment modality when compared with no treatment, sham, or placebo injection. Phentolamine mesylate incurs an additional cost (in US dollars) of $0.13 to $0.16 per minute of reversing the soft tissue local anesthesia and $0.38 to $0.46, when compared with sham or placebo injection, after a noninvasive dental procedure. The literature lacked substantial evidence in favor of clinical benefits, such as a decrease in self-inflicted injuries. Only a subgroup of the dental patient population undergoing specific dental procedures would benefit from accelerated recovery from numbness. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Intraoral phentolamine to reverse numbness is a new intervention with ambiguous utility. With consideration of cost and patient preference, evidence generated by this report may be used in clinical decision making and case selection for this intervention.
Effectiveness of interventions for adults with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities and mental health problems: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Koslowski Nadine , Klein Kristina , Arnold Katrin , Kösters Markus , Schützwohl Matthias , Salize Hans Joachim , Puschner Bernd 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundThere is a lack of available evidence in relation to the effectiveness of interventions for adults with mild to moderate intellectual disability and mental health problems.AimsTo evaluate the efficacy of interventions for adults with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities and co-occurring mental health problems.MethodAn electronic literature search of the databases Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO and EBM Reviews aimed at identifying randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled trials testing any type of intervention (psychotherapy, biological or system level) for people with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities (IQ score 35–69) targeting comorbid mental health problems. Additionally a meta-analysis was conducted.ResultsTwelve studies met the inclusion criteria. No significant effect was found for the predefined outcome domains behavioural problems, depression, anxiety, quality of life and functioning. The effect size for depression (d= 0.49) was moderate but non-significant. Quality of studies was moderate and heterogeneity was high.ConclusionsThere is no compelling evidence supporting interventions aiming at improving mental health problems in people with mild to moderate intellectual disability. The number of available trials is too low for definite conclusions. Some interventions are promising and should be evaluated further in larger and more rigorous trials.
Narrative and Normative Pattern: On Interpreting Fiction, with Special Regard to (Un)Reliability
Authors: Yacobi Tamar 
Published: May 2016

Interpretive disputes about the text's implied normative framework (its aesthetics, ideology, reality-model) involve the reliability of the fictive narrator who mediates between interpreter and implied author. Narrative and normative reconstruction must go together. But how to determine the relations between the text's overt (narratorial) and implicit (authorial) frameworks, considering that the one can never be taken on trust and the other can never speak except through its questionable proxy? Here two modes of discourse necessarily interact, one given (in or as fiction) and the other hypothetical (behind the fiction). As regards the norms of communication, the first mode depends for its reliability on the second; as regards the forms of communication, the second depends for its discovery on the first.
Though omnipresent, our difficulties in relating narrative to normative structure yet vary widely, and this essay considers three major variables that affect every interpretive activity: (1) the conventionality of the implied system of norms; (2) its degree of explicitness; and (3) the control of interpretive difficulties through compensation systems. Some texts simplify the reader's task by reducing fictional mediation to a minimum. Their norms are (a) conventional in cultural context; (b) explicitly formulated by (c) a speaker who would appear, or has proved, reliable. This transparent communication is favored by popular literature and by didactic or strongly ideological texts. The other extreme combines divergence, implicitness, and unreliability into the opaque (or ambiguous) discourse typical of modernism and experimental narrative. The intermediate cases have at least one variable that facilitates interpretation, so making up for the more problematic sides of the discourse. For instance, explicitness often compensates for deviance, where (as in Tolstoy's Kreutzer Sonata) the work advocates idiosyncratic norms.
Grounds for Reclamation: Fascism and Postfascism in the Pontine Marshes
Authors: Stewart-Steinberg Suzanne 
Published: May 2016

Fascism’s success in building communities and structures of conviviality was for many years avoided by the critical scholarship on Italian fascism. More recently, however, fascist land reclamation has become a favored topic in Italian historiographical revisionism: it has become an argument for the regime’s “revolutionary” aspects.
This article argues that “land reclamation” was a fundamental policy and ideology of Italian fascism. It claims that reclamation furnishes the literal and figurative grounds of consent to the regime: this is to say, reclamation as policy and ideology was not only successful in creating consent but was a crucial site for its creation: reclamation was rooted in the idea of a politics and discourse that arise from the ground. This essay is an intervention into these debates: it argues that “land reclamation” is the tool used now by revisionist postfascist discourses in a new politics of memory.
Exploring the Nature of Narrative Analysis in Maps: the Case Study of the Georgia-South Ossetia Conflict
Authors: Minde Julie 
Published: May 2016

The use of narrative analyses has been used to further our understanding of conflict. While maps have been recognized as objects of power and identity, study of them as narratives has until recently been under-developed. This paper will present exploratory narrative study of maps and mapping associated with a conflict case study; Georgia and South Ossetia in the Caucasus. Texts and stories embedded into Western cartographical maps will be examined using structuralist, functionalist and post-structuralist analyses.
How to Construct a Common Narrative from among the Competing Accounts: Narrative templates as cultural limiters to narrative transformations
Authors: Garagozov Rauf 
Published: May 2016

Narrative approach to interethnic conflicts considers them as competing stories. In this con-nection, it is argued that for effective conflict resolution the competing narratives should un-dergo certain transformations that could bring them towards their convergence into a common one. However, discussions of narrative transformations to conflict resolution often fail to differentiate between surface narratives and underlying schematic narrative templates. In this regard schematic narrative templates which are deeply entrenched with patterns of collective memory and identity can serve as “cultural limiter” which restrains the process of narrative transformations. This thesis is illustrated through the narrative analysis of the BBC Russian Service video report “Karabakh: Two Versions of the Story” (aired on 18th April, 2011). In the analysis of the BBC video report the author employs some procedures which are suggested by the model of “chronotopic” method.
Influences of Mold Fungi Colonization on Wheat Straw–Polypropylene Composites
Authors: He Chunxia , Yao Xuexia , Xue Jiao , Xiong Jing , Zhao Limei 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Wheat straw–polypropylene (PP) composites were formed by mixing compression molding to evaluate the susceptibility to mold fungi colonization. The surface morphology, water absorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and color variation of the wheat straw–PP composites were investigated before and after colonization with five kinds of mold fungi (after 1, 2, 3, and 4 wk). Macromorphologic and micromorphologic observations indicated fungal colonization was not obvious during the first week, and the wheat straw was perfectly encapsulated in the PP matrix. The original cracks became small holes when the outer wheat straw at the top surface was degraded after fungal colonization for 2 weeks. Consequently, the inner wheat straw was exposed to the fungal environment, and fungal colonization increased. Similar change trends were obtained through FT-IR spectra and color-change analyses. Some characteristic peak ratios in the FT-IR spectra were calculated to investigate the relative degradation rate. Results showed that the fungi used in this study preferentially degraded hemicellulose, followed by lignin, and then cellulose. The carbonyl and lignin indices were used to illustrate the loss in wheat straw mass during the process of colonization. The carbonyl index showed good correlation with the color change. A similar conclusion was obtained for the lignin index. The correlation analyses suggest color change has a close relationship to the process of degradation in wheat straw.
Selecting Statistical Procedures for Quality Control Planning Based on Risk Management
Authors: Yago Martín , Alcover Silvia 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
According to the traditional approach to statistical QC planning, the performance of QC procedures is assessed in terms of its probability of rejecting an analytical run that contains critical size errors (PEDC). Recently, the maximum expected increase in the number of unacceptable patient results reported during the presence of an undetected out-of-control error condition [Max E(NUF)], has been proposed as an alternative QC performance measure because it is more related to the current introduction of risk management concepts for QC planning in the clinical laboratory.

METHODS
We used a statistical model to investigate the relationship between PEDC and Max E(NUF) for simple QC procedures widely used in clinical laboratories and to construct charts relating Max E(NUF) with the capability of the analytical process that allow for QC planning based on the risk of harm to a patient due to the report of erroneous results.

RESULTS
A QC procedure shows nearly the same Max E(NUF) value when used for controlling analytical processes with the same capability, and there is a close relationship between PEDC and Max E(NUF) for simple QC procedures; therefore, the value of PEDC can be estimated from the value of Max E(NUF) and vice versa. QC procedures selected by their high PEDC value are also characterized by a low value for Max E(NUF).

CONCLUSIONS
The PEDC value can be used for estimating the probability of patient harm, allowing for the selection of appropriate QC procedures in QC planning based on risk management.
Reflections on the Yearbook from the 1990’s to the Present
Authors: Silva J. S. , Ball M. J. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryThe authors highlight IMIA’s progress over the past twenty years as a key bridging organization that translates health informatics theory into practice. In contrast, they describe that electronic health record (EHR) systems built in the 20th Century are not meeting the needs of clinical users. Moreover, these EHRs are not architected to keep pace with the rapid changes in the evolving health ecosystem. They conclude that 21st Century health IT systems need to be architected into an ecosystem-wide suite of interacting complex adaptive systems that support individuals, clinicians, managers and policy-makers with the high value/high usability computing paradigm that dominates the Internet today.
Integration of Information for Patient Care: 2015 Redux
Authors: Rienhoff O. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryMedical workstations are getting more and more powerful – however for the last decades they have been slow in making their way into the everyday life in medical care. In some resource rich organisations or smaller countries, their advance has gone further than elsewhere – however, a tipping point has not been reached. Again and again, new technologies and developments are pushing the need for integration of workstations into medical processes – currently the quantified self wave – however more options lead to more complexity and this growing complexity makes it more difficult to integrate the power of medical workstations in given culturally primed scenarios.
Involvement of Regucalcin in Protein Synthesis and Proteolysis: Regulation of the Enzyme Activity in the Cytoplasm and Nucleus
Authors: Yamaguchi Masayoshi 
Published: May 2016

<p>Regucalcin was discovered in 1978 as a novel calcium-binding protein. The name, regucalcin, was proposed for this calcium-binding protein, which regulates various Ca<sup>2+-</sup> or Ca<sup>2+</sup>/calmodulin-dependent enzyme activations. The regucalcin gene (gene symbol;rgn) is localized on the X chromosome. Regucalcin has been demonstrated to play a multifunctional role in the regulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis, signal transduction, gene expression, cell proliferation and apoptosis in various types of cells and tissues. The cytoplasmic regucalcin translocases to the nucleus and suppresses nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis. Moreover, regucalcin has been shown to reveal a suppressive effect on protein synthesis and a stimulatory effect on protein degradation. Regucalcin has been found to inhibit aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase and activate thiol protease. Â Regucalcin may play a suppressive role in the regulation of protein turnover in cells.</p>
Is India ready for “Digital Disruption”?
Authors: Shome Prof. Swaha , Suri Prof. Davinder 
Published: May 2016

According to many, India has the potential to become one of the largest digitized economies in the world. By end of 2016, most sectors in the Indian economy ranging from healthcare to education, banking and finance as well as retail will face challenges and opportunities through digital disruption. In this fast changing scenario, the euphoria of new marketing opportunities may however be dampened by the reality of considering how sustainable such digital disruptions will be in the long run. One key element in this sustainability is the network readiness of the economy. The World Economic Forum publishes Networked Readiness Rankings for all economies where India is ranked 89 out of 143 countries for the year 2015 and India’s rank has been declining consistently declining since 2013. This is a clear indication that despite the digital revolution which is now called the fourth industrial revolution, India may not be able to harness its full potential if the networked readiness of the country does not improve. The services sector of the Indian economy which contributes close to 60 per cent of the Gross Domestic Product should see incremental growth as the networked readiness improves. This paper seeks to examine this relationship as well as the reasons for the declining rank on Network Readiness. Only when such challenges are addressed both by the private sector as well as the Government can we be confident that the digital disruption will indeed add a long run value for the economy.
Complex Network Theory and Its Application Research on P2P Networks
Authors: Jian Feng , Dandan Shi 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Advances in complex networks of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks were reviewed and summarized. The paper outlines some important topological properties such as degree, average path length and clustering coefficient at first, and then three kinds of most important network mechanism models are introduced, including random graph model, small world model and scale-free model. A simple description about research status for P2P networks based on complex networks is made from three aspects: positive research, network mechanism model, network broadcast and control. Some developing prospects of complex networks of P2P are pointed out finally. Complex network provides new ideas and methods to deal with many complex problems including P2P networks.
Friction Torque Behavior as a Function of Actual Contact Angle in Four-point-contact Ball Bearing
Authors: Long Chen , Xintao Xia , Haotian Zheng , Ming Qiu 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The friction is a key factor of rolling bearing performance, especially for those precision transmission fields. All the top rolling bearing manufactures provide their calculating models on friction torque. However, there is great difference between the calculation result and measured value. Two calculation methods on friction torque of four-point-contact ball bearing, considered different factors involving the calculation, are compared and researched for discovering the key influence factor. A specific test is development to verify the theoretical analysis and a precision control method on friction torque with lower cost in production is proposed.