bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TLR‐2 and TLR‐4 mRNA expression in different grades of histopathological lesions of equine endometrium from follicular phase
Authors: Cerveira‐Pinto Marta , Wójtowicz Anna , Pires Maria Anjos , Kordowitzki Pawel , Skarzynski Dariusz , Ferreira‐Dias Graça , Szóstek‐Mioduchowska Anna , Amaral Ana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIncreased synthesis and deposition of collagen (COL) in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of equine endometrium contributes to endometrosis. Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are transmembrane receptors involved in the innate immune response, recognized for their role in antigen recognition and previously associated with equine endometritis. The TLRs not only recognize pathogen‐associated molecular patterns but also regulate inflammations, fibrosis and cancer. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between TLR expression at different stages of Kenney and Doig's (K‐D) grading and COL1 expression during the follicular phase of the oestrous cycle. Forty samples of endometrial tissues were collected post‐mortem from mares on the follicular phase of the oestrous cycle (10 samples of each K‐D category). Relative mRNA transcription of TLR‐2, TLR‐4 and COL1A2 genes was assessed using qPCR, and COL1 protein expression by Western blot analysis. The COL1A2 transcription increased in category IIB when compared to categories I, IIA and III endometria (p < .01). The relative protein abundance of COL1 showed no significant differences between endometrial categories (p > .05). As for the TLRs mRNA transcription, TLR‐2/‐4 transcripts increased in IIA when compared to the other K‐D endometria categories (p < .05). Our findings suggest that TLRs may be involved in the initiation of the endometrial inflammatory response. Additional studies are needed to explore TLRs' potential role as diagnostic markers for monitoring inflammation progression and fibrosis development, as well as their involvement in the mechanisms underlying fibrotic pathways.
Advanced assisted reproduction technologies in endangered mammalian species
Authors: Hildebrandt Thomas Bernd , Holtze Susanne 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA new synergistic approach of classical conservation strategies combined with advanced assisted reproduction technologies (aART) allows for protection and rescue of endangered keystone species at the brink of extinction, which can help to safeguard complex ecosystems. Reproduction biology and management in mammal species is not only challenging in regards to their diverging sizes, anatomy, and often unknown physiology; it also requires customized training or chemical restraint protocols for safe handling. Besides these general challenges, there are several new assisted reproduction techniques (ART) specifically tailored to critically endangered mammals. The current portfolio of ART in these mammalian taxa is ranging from sexual cycle characterization and manipulation, semen collection and cryopreservation, artificial insemination, biobanking of living cells, oocyte collection, in vitro fertilization (IVF), and embryo production, embryo transfer as well as stem cell‐derived in vitro gametogenesis for generating gametes in culture. The article covers advanced assisted reproduction technologies (aART), success and challenges, as well as ethical implications.
Self‐Concept in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Dementia due to Alzheimer's Disease Is Affected on Tests of Self‐Generated Statements
Authors: Vogel Asmus , Bruus Anna Elise , Waldemar Gunhild 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTSeveral studies show that Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurocognitive disorders have a negative impact on the self and identity formation. Most studies have included persons with mild to moderate dementia, but how AD patients in the earliest phases retrieve information about themselves has only been studied scarcely. The aim of this study was to investigate if persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild AD would generate fewer self‐related statements than healthy controls. From a memory clinic, we included 17 aMCI patients, 17 patients with mild dementia (AD; MMSE ≥ 24), and 30 healthy controls. Three Events Test and Twenty Statements Test (TST) were applied to all participants. The persons with mild dementia gave significantly fewer statements compared to the controls (p < 0.001) and the aMCI patients (p < 0.01) on TST. Fewer statements were also produced by the aMCI patients compared to the control participants (p < 0.05). Persons from both patient groups produced significantly fewer contextual details compared to the controls on the Three Events Tests. There were significant associations to lexical fluency for both the TST and Three Events Test, but only a limited amount of variance was explained, and the results cannot be explained solely by a fluency effect. The results from this study are in accordance with findings from previous studies demonstrating that mild AD leads to a decline in both autobiographical memories and a diminished sense of self. Further, this study shows that changes in self‐concept may occur even in the earliest clinical stages of AD.
Climate geographies and geographies of knowledge
Authors: Owens Susan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFocusing on ‘Geographies of Knowledge’, this Commentary explores interactions between knowledge about climate change and the evolving multi‐level governance of climate. Three vignettes illustrate the complexity of this relationship. The first shows how expert advice, combined with other factors, persuaded the UK government to adopt an ambitious, long‐term emissions reduction target in the early 2000s. The second considers the ‘2°C target’ (latterly 1.5°C) to limit rises in global mean temperature, variously seen as essential, unachievable or symbolic. The third turns to geoengineering and its governance. All three demonstrate the significance of epistemic, political and discursive factors, as these intertwine and play out across different sites, scales and levels of governance.
FDI and product and process innovation of SMEs in Vietnam: The role of institutions
Authors: Nguyen Minh Ngoc , Sun Sizhong , Welters Riccardo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractConceptually, institutional arrangements in the host economy are likely to moderate the effect of inward FDI on domestic firms' product and process innovation, which is however not well explored empirically. Filling the gap, this research investigates how such FDI impacts are contingent upon local institutional arrangements, using survey data of 2690 manufacturing SMEs in Vietnam in 2011, 2013 and 2015. We find that institutional quality exerts positive moderating effects on FDI spillovers. That is, higher institutional quality leads to a higher marginal effect of FDI presence on the innovation performance of domestic SMEs. The moderating effects are stronger for developed‐country FDI than for developing‐country FDI. We also distinguish different institutional components and find that seven out of nine institutional sub‐indices have significant moderating effects, of which the control of corruption is the most important factor in promoting FDI spillovers, whilst the effects of business support and labour training policies are negligible.
Long‐term clinical outcomes and retrieval analysis of a cementless total knee replacement in a dog
Authors: Fracka Agnieszka B. , Allen Matthew J. , Dejardin Loic M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to describe long‐term outcomes and report post‐retrieval implant analysis following cementless total knee replacement (TKR) in a dog.AnimalA seven‐year‐old, male neutered, Labrador retriever.MethodsThe dog presented for evaluation of chronic left pelvic limb lameness. Orthopedic examination identified bilateral cranial drawer and medial buttress. Radiographs revealed severe bilateral osteoarthritis with moderate joint effusion/synovial hypertrophy. Given the end‐stage osteoarthritis, TKR was considered more appropriate than tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO). The dog underwent a left cementless TKR.ResultsImmediate postoperative radiographs showed appropriate implant positioning. Moderate left pelvic limb lameness with full, pain free and stable stifle range of motion (ROM) was documented at 2 weeks. Increased left hindlimb weight‐bearing with a peak vertical force of 70% bodyweight (BW) versus 50% BW on the contralateral leg was reported at 6 weeks. Radiographs showed good implant osseointegration. Left stifle ROM was 50°/170°, a 30° increase compared to preoperative values. Additional rechecks at 14 and 30 weeks showed gradual improvement in stifle ROM and weight‐bearing. The dog was euthanized 6 years after surgery for reasons unrelated to TKR. Radiographs demonstrated static implant position without signs of osteolysis and gross examination revealed mild polyethylene wear on the caudal aspects of the tibial insert. Histological evaluation of the implant‐bone interface showed extensive and robust osseointegration.ConclusionThis case demonstrates that cementless TKR can be associated with excellent clinical function over the course of at least 6 years and suggests that early surgical intervention could be considered.
Enhancing Mechanical Reliability of Silver-Sintered Joints With Copper Nanowires in High-Power Electronic Devices
Authors: Garcia Alicia Medina , Harris John , Huitink David R. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the mechanical reliability of silver-sintered die attachment under harsh operating conditions and explored the advantages of adding copper nanowires (NWs) to improve the bond's mechanical properties. Samples were prepared using a template-assisted electrochemical deposition process to coat the substrate surface with copper nanowires and were subjected to thermal aging at various temperatures to assess their mechanical reliability. Results showed that the incorporation of copper nanowires in the substrate interface significantly reduced degradation in shear strength as a result of thermal aging, acting as mechanical reinforcement and improving the interfacial resilience against mechanical shear stress. The addition of copper nanowires also reduced the void formation in the thermal aging, resulting in a more robust and reliable bond. The study demonstrates the potential of using copper nanowires as a reinforcing agent to enhance the mechanical properties of silver-sintered die attachment, particularly for high-temperature applications.
Early Quality Prediction of Complex Double-Walled Hollow Turbine Blades Based on Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Dong Yiwei , Gong Yuhan , Bo Xu , Tan Zhiyong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The precision in forming complex double-walled hollow turbine blades significantly influences their cooling efficiency, making the selection of appropriate casting process parameters critical for achieving fine-casting blade formation. However, the high cost associated with real blade casting necessitates strategies to enhance product formation rates and mitigate cost losses stemming from the overshoot phenomenon. We propose a machine learning (ML) data-driven framework leveraging an enhanced whale optimization algorithm (WOA) to estimate product formation under diverse process conditions to address this challenge. Complex double-walled hollow turbine blades serve as a representative case within our proposed framework. We constructed a database using simulation data, employed feature engineering to identify crucial features and streamline inputs, and utilized a whale optimization algorithm-back-propagation neural network (WOA-BP) as the foundational ML model. To enhance WOA-BP’s performance, we introduce an optimization algorithm, the improved chaos whale optimization-back-propagation (ICWOA-BP), incorporating cubic chaotic mapping adaptation. Experimental evaluation of ICWOA-BP demonstrated an average mean absolute error of 0.001995 mm, reflecting a 36.21% reduction in prediction error compared to conventional models, as well as two well-known optimization algorithms (particle swarm optimization (PSO), quantum-based avian navigation optimizer algorithm (QANA)). Consequently, ICWOA-BP emerges as an effective tool for early prediction of dimensional quality in complex double-walled hollow turbine blades.
Rethinking Loss of Available Work and Gouy–Stodola Theorem
Authors: Tu Yaodong , Chen Gang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Exergy represents the maximum useful work possible when a system at a specific state reaches equilibrium with the environmental dead state at temperature To. Correspondingly, the exergy difference between two states is the maximum work output when the system changes from one state to the other, assuming that during the processes, the system exchanges heat reversibly with the environment. If the process involves irreversibility, the Guoy–Stodola theorem states that the exergy destruction equals the entropy generated during the process multiplied by To. The exergy concept and the Gouy–Stodola theorem are often used to optimize processes or systems, even when they are not directly connected to the environment. In the past, questions have been raised on if To is the proper temperature to use in calculating the exergy destruction. Here, we start from the first and the second laws of thermodynamics to unambiguously show that the useful energy loss (UEL) of a system or process should equal to the entropy generation multiplied by an equivalent temperature associated with the entropy rejected out of the entire system. For many engineering systems and processes, this entropy rejection temperature can be easily calculated as the ratio of the changes of the enthalpy and entropy of the fluid stream carrying the entropy out, which we call the state-change temperature. The UEL is unambiguous and independent of the environmental dead state, and it should be used for system optimization rather than the exergy destruction. This work casts doubt on the usefulness of the exergy concept for engineering systems.
Deep Analogical Generative Design and Evaluation: Integration of Stable Diffusion and LoRA
Authors: Chen Yumiao , Ruan Huanhuan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The rapid evolution of generative design through artificial intelligence has opened new avenues for innovative product styling. Integrating this efficient generative technology with established professional theories presents a novel challenge in contemporary international design research. In response to this challenge, this article introduces a pioneering and collaborative approach for the swift generation of automobile styling designs. The primary objective is to investigate an intelligent generation method that incorporates analogical reasoning and Stable Diffusion to support industrial designers in innovating product styling. This study scrutinizes traditional analogical reasoning design alongside the intelligent analogical reasoning design proposed herein, elucidating the distinctions through multidimensional comparisons using illustrative examples. The proposed methodological framework encompasses several key steps. Initially, a dataset comprising branded automobile images is meticulously constructed. Subsequently, an exclusive style model is trained leveraging Stable Diffusion techniques, coupled with advanced computer graphics and machine learning methodologies. Following this, design requirements are inputted, facilitating intelligent analogical reasoning design across multiple spatial dimensions to yield diverse and innovative automobile styling solutions. Finally, eye-tracking experiments are conducted to quantitatively compare the traditional analogical reasoning design approach with the Stable Diffusion-based analogical reasoning design method. The results substantiate that the latter effectively generates innovative and diversified automobile design solutions. This research contributes to enhancing the quality of automobile styling design, optimizing the design efficiency of enterprises, and catalyzing innovation in the automobile styling design process.
Investigating the High Temperature Tribological Efficacy of AlCoCrFeNiTi High Entropy Alloy Coating
Authors: Kumar Himanshu , Manikandan S. G. K. , Kamaraj M. , Goel Saurav , Shiva S. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The current work elucidates the tribological behavior of thermally sprayed AlCoCrFeNiTi high entropy alloy coatings under various temperatures of 200 °C, 400 °C, and 600 °C. Typically, most metallic alloys demonstrate softening and an increased wear-rate when exposed to extreme temperatures under loaded weight. The atmospheric plasma sprayed high entropy alloy coating exhibited minimal wear mass loss at high temperatures. The data analysis reveals the development of a tribolayer that facilitates a reduced mass loss of 15.34% in the alloy at 600 °C. The examination of the wear scars under field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis reveals the presence of an adhesive layer, wear debris, craters, and scratches. The existence of different types of oxides on the abraded surfaces was confirmed by the results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results support the effectiveness of AlCoCrFeNiTi alloy coatings in enhancing wear resistance under extreme conditions.
An Anti-Erosion Cylindrical Surface Incorporating Two Bionic Elements
Authors: Yu Haiyue , Sun Kaixin , Shao Leitong , Zhang Junqiu , Han Zhiwu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Erosion is an inevitable and persistent form of wear, which predominantly occurs on curved surfaces within the realm of fluid machinery. To address this issue, we have developed a novel model incorporating two bionic elements, namely bionic arrangement and bionic morphology, and applied it to explore the erosion resistance of cylindrical surfaces. Specifically, the bionic arrangement is inspired by the phyllotaxis arrangement observed in plants, while the bionic morphology involves the incorporation of convex unit morphology found in desert organisms. Employing a comprehensive approach encompassing erosion testing and numerical analysis, we established two comparative test groups that differed in terms of arrangement and distribution density. This comprehensive analysis sheds light on the erosion resistance mechanism inherent in the combined bionic model. The findings of this study hold significant theoretical implications for the advancement of bionic anti-erosion technology and its practical applications in engineering.
Static Characteristics of Hybrid Water-Lubricated Herringbone Groove Journal Bearing
Authors: Xu Ge , Jiang Shuyun , Zhang Chibin , Lin Xiaohui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The hydrodynamic herringbone groove journal bearing (HGJB) performs exceptionally well at high speeds but is limited by a low load-carrying capacity, largely due to the lubrication characteristics of water. To address this issue, a hybrid water-lubricated HGJB is proposed in this study. A lubrication model for the high-speed hybrid water-lubricated HGJB is developed, taking into account turbulence, thermal effects, and tilt. A comparative analysis of the static characteristics is conducted between the hybrid HGJB and both the hydrodynamic HGJB and the hybrid plain journal bearing (PJB). The results show that the proposed hybrid water-lubricated HGJB offers significantly greater load-carrying capacity than the conventional hydrodynamic HGJB, particularly during start-up or at low speeds. For example, when the bearing operates at 1000 rpm with an eccentricity ratio of 0.5, the load-carrying capacity of the water-lubricated hybrid HGJB under a supply pressure of 1.6 MPa reaches 650 N, compared to just 261 N for the water-lubricated hydrodynamic HGJB. Additionally, the hybrid water-lubricated HGJB demonstrates a higher flowrate and lower temperature rise than the traditional hybrid PJB, thanks to the improved pumping effect of the herringbone grooves at high speeds.
Metagenome-assembled genome of
Pseudomonas
sp. from coenocytic alga
Vaucheria bursata
Authors: Laureano Gerardo , Bermudez Abdiel Esparra , Rivera Vicéns Ramón E. , Arun Alok 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Here, we report a draft metagenome-assembled genome and annotation of
Pseudomonas
sp. obtained from the sequenced genome of
Vaucheria bursata
. The genome completeness was 97.9% with a total of 5,322 open reading frames, of which 3,147 genes were annotated. The availability of the metagenome will elucidate the possible epiphytic interactions of bacteria with
Vaucheria bursata
.
Complete genome sequence of polylactic acid degrading
Rhodopseudomonas palustris
strain R1 isolated from rice field soil
Authors: Ito Lala , Masui Mana , Galipon Josephine , Arakawa Kazuharu 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Rhodopseudomonas palustris
R1 is a phototrophic, purple, non-sulfur Gram-negative bacterium first isolated from the soils of rice fields, known for its polylactic acid degradability. Here, we present the complete circular genome sequence of this bacterium, spanning 5.32 Mbp and 4,949 protein-coding sequences.
Analysis of factors influencing refractive error in Fuchs eyes undergoing Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty triple procedure
Authors: Kuo Jenny Chun Ling , Cho Kyong Jin , Ali Muhammad , Jun Albert S , Ladas John G , Srikumaran Divya 
Published: October 2024

PurposeTo evaluate the accuracy of current intraocular lens (IOL) formulas and identify factors influencing mean error in eyes undergoing Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) triple procedure, that is, DMEK combined with cataract extraction and IOL placement for concurrent Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and cataracts.DesignRetrospective cohort study.Subjects90 eyes with FECD undergoing uncomplicated DMEK triple procedure at Wilmer Eye Institute.MethodsWe analysed tomographic features of oedema, including loss of regular isopachs, displacement of the thinnest point of the cornea and the presence of posterior surface depression, and assessed the correlation with the prediction error.Main outcome measuresWe compared the mean error (±SD) for the Barrett Universal II (BU2), Hoffer QST, Haigis-L (HL) and Barrett True K (BTK) formulas and the percentage of eyes within 0.25, 0.5 and 1 diopter (D) of error.ResultsAll formulas resulted in a mean hyperopic error, with the HL having the lowest mean error of 0.24 D (±0.97 D) and BU2 having the highest ME of 0.94 D (±0.97 D). For each additional tomographic feature of corneal oedema in the BU2 and Hoffer QST formulas, the mean hyperopic error increased by 0.38 D. For the BTK and HL formulas, the mean error increased by 0.35 D (p<0.001).ConclusionThe number of tomographic features of oedema can be useful in identifying eyes with higher errors in IOL calculation when performing the DMEK triple procedure for FECD.