bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of anxiety in patients with psoriasis: a systematic review of observational studies and clinical trials
Authors: Fleming P. , Bai J.W. , Pratt M. , Sibbald C. , Lynde C. , Gulliver W.P. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPsoriasis and anxiety are chronic conditions with significant morbidity and there is evidence that they may exacerbate one another. There is little data on the prevalence of anxiety in psoriasis and the effect of psoriasis treatment on comorbid anxiety. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature to describe the prevalence and severity of clinical anxiety disorders or anxiety symptoms among adult patients with psoriasis and characterize the effect of anti‐psoriatic interventions on clinical anxiety disorders or anxiety symptoms. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database using search terms ‘psoriasis’ and ‘anxiety’. Results were tabulated and verified by two independent reviewers. Meta‐analyses were not performed due to heterogeneity of data. Of 213 publications identified, 938 194 patients from 15 papers were included. The mean age ranged from 31.9–59.4 years old, with a mean PASI score of 7.65–22.8 (reported by nine studies) and a body surface area involvement of 25.9–39.8% (reported by two studies). The prevalence of anxiety in patients with psoriasis was 7–48%, which was significantly higher than healthy controls in two of three studies (HR 1.29–1.31, P = 0.001 and OR 2.91 [95% CI, 2.01–4.21], P < 0.001). Four of five studies (n = 2029) demonstrated an improvement in anxiety symptoms with psoriasis treatment. This review demonstrates a high prevalence of anxiety of adult patients with psoriasis suggesting that patients would benefit from systematic screening. Although the data suggest that anxiety may be improved through various psoriasis treatments, larger prospective randomized trials are needed to confirm this effect.
Genotype‐by‐genotype interactions between an insect and its pathogen
Authors: Hudson A. I. , Fleming‐Davies A. E. , Páez D. J. , Dwyer G. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractGenotype‐by‐genotype (G×G) interactions are an essential requirement for the coevolution of hosts and parasites, but have only been documented in a small number of animal model systems. G×G effects arise from interactions between host and pathogen genotypes, such that some pathogen strains are more infectious in certain hosts and some hosts are more susceptible to certain pathogen strains. We tested for G×G interactions in the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) and its baculovirus. We infected 21 full‐sib families of gypsy moths with each of 16 isolates of baculovirus and measured the between‐isolate correlations of infection rate across host families for all pairwise combinations of isolates. Mean infectiousness varied among isolates and disease susceptibility varied among host families. Between‐isolate correlations of infection rate were generally less than one, indicating nonadditive effects of host and pathogen type consistent with G×G interactions. Our results support the presence of G×G effects in the gypsy moth–baculovirus interaction and provide empirical evidence that correlations in infection rates between field‐collected isolates are consistent with values that mathematical models have previously shown to increase the likelihood of pathogen polymorphism.
Effect of spray drying process conditions on bacteria survival and acetaldehyde retention in sweetened yoghurt powder: An optimization study
Authors: Seth Dibyakanta , Mishra Hari Niwas , Deka Sankar Chandra 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe objective of this study was to optimize the spray drying conditions in developing a sweetened yoghurt powder using response surface methodology. Results indicated that the corresponding response surface model was sufficient to describe and predict powder characteristics in terms of moisture content (% db), bacteria survival ratio (N/No), acetaldehyde retention (%), and overall sensory score with R2 of 98.24, 98.44, 98.57, and 97.85%, respectively. Under optimal conditions (inlet air temperature 148 °C, feed rate 0.54 L/h, and atomization pressure 898 kPa), the response variables including the moisture content, bacteria survival ratio, acetaldehyde retention, and overall sensory score were predicted and validated as 3.69% (db), 2.37 × 10−3, 76.39%, and 8.0, respectively. Furthermore, physicochemical properties and morphology of the optimally developed sweetened yoghurt powder were studied. It was concluded that a reasonably good‐quality shelf‐stable powder can be developed from sweetened yoghurt having adequate bacteria count and acetaldehyde content by spray drying.Practical applicationsThis article reports the successful application of spray drying in developing a shelf‐stable dried misti dahi which is the sweet delicacy of India. The quality of reconstituted sweetened yoghurt in terms of starter culture survival and acetaldehyde retention could be achieved by optimizing the spray drying process parameters. In this “ready to eat” era, sweetened yoghurt powder drying process has the potential to be scaled‐up and manufactured in large scale.
Longitudinal Relationships of Fitness, Physical Activity, and Weight Status With Academic Achievement in Adolescents
Authors: Suchert Vivien , Hanewinkel Reiner , Isensee Barbara 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDTo examine associations of cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity (PA) and weight status with academic achievement 1 year later. In addition, the mediating role of psychological variables was tested.METHODSLongitudinal analyses included 1011 German students (M = 14.1 years, SD = 0.6 years). Cardiorespiratory fitness was determined with the 20 m shuttle run test. Compliance with PA guidelines was assessed through questionnaire. Weight status was based on body mass index percentiles. As proxy of academic achievement students' self‐reported grades in Mathematics and German in their midterm report were averaged. Mediation analyses were conducted at follow‐up testing general self‐efficacy, depressed affect, and attention/hyperactivity problems.RESULTSHigh levels of cardiorespiratory fitness predicted higher educational attainment (p = .007), while we found no longitudinal association for PA and weight status (p > .253). However, students being insufficiently physically active at baseline but meet PA guidelines at follow‐up showed a significant improvement in educational attainment. The cross‐sectional association between PA and academic achievement was mediated by students' general self‐efficacy.CONCLUSIONHigh fitness in adolescence is associated with higher subsequent academic achievement. The promotion of PA might benefit school performance because of enhanced fitness levels in the long‐term and positive influences of PA in the shortterm. The association between weight status and educational attainment remains controversial.
Accelerometry‐Derived Physical Activity of First Through Third Grade Children During the Segmented School Day
Authors: Weaver R. Glenn , Crimarco Anthony , Brusseau Timothy A. , Webster Collin A. , Burns Ryan D. , Hannon James C. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSchools should provide children 30 minutes/day of moderate‐to‐vigorous‐physical‐activity (MVPA). Determining school day segments that contribute to children's MVPA can inform school‐based activity promotion. The purpose of this paper was to identify the proportion of children accumulating 30 minutes/day of school‐based MVPA, and to identify school day segments' contribution to children's MVPA.METHODSFirst‐third graders (N = 323 [173 girls and 150 boys]) accelerometer‐derived sedentary behaviors, light activity, and MVPA were measured for 1 to 5 school days. Children's activity was estimated during class time, lunch, physical education (PE), and recess. To explore disparities in MVPA, children were stratified into high/low‐active groups.RESULTSGirls and boys accumulated 30.4 and 34.4 minutes/day of MVPA on PE days and 23.5 and 27.3 minutes/day of MVPA on non‐PE days. This translated to 36.5 and 44.1% of girls and boys accumulating 30 minutes of MVPA on PE days and 16.3 and 36.5% on non‐PE days. On PE days, PE contributed the most MVPA for girls and boys (11.8 and 13.0 minutes/day), followed by class time (11.4 and 12.5 minutes/day), recess (5.2 and 6.5 minutes/day), and lunch (2.0 and 2.4 minutes/day). Disparities between high/low children were greatest during PE and class time.CONCLUSIONSMost children were not accumulating 30 minutes/day of MVPA. PE and class time are promising school day segments for promoting MVPA.
The Nature of Social Responsibility: Exploring Emancipatory Ends
Authors: Mussell Helen 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSocial responsibility (SR) initiatives within a corporate environment (CSR) continue to be met with deep scepticism. My concern is with exploring this scepticism, which I argue is due to there being more to the underlying objectives of SR than has previously been investigated. I begin by outlining and substantiating my project as a social ontological enquiry, one in which I unpack key concepts to reveal the nature of SR. These ontological findings then underpin my argument that SR is problematically grounded in liberalist thinking, and CSR is in fact just one manifestation of SR. I advance the thesis that SR has emancipatory ends, of meeting human needs and flourishing, and that it is best explicated using feminist care ethics. The argument is then focussed on both shoring up and advancing the emancipatory project of SR. The scepticism of interest is revealed to be the incongruity between care and business; that businesses are deemed as being incompatible with SR, at least in their present capacity. Any claims to the contrary by the business community are branded inauthentic and the aforementioned scepticism ensues. The paper concludes with a brief discussion concerning implications for CSR initiatives and future changes and developments are considered.
Autonomous Demand and the Harrodian Criticisms of the Kaleckian Model
Authors: Skott Peter 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTLavoie () introduces autonomous demand in a defense of the (post‐) Kaleckian analysis against classical and Harrodian criticisms. This note corrects some errors in Lavoie's analysis, questions the stabilizing potential of autonomous demand, and points out some differences between the two variants of Lavoie's ‘neo‐Kaleckian’ model.
Blubber cortisol qualitatively reflects circulating cortisol concentrations in bottlenose dolphins
Authors: Champagne Cory D. , Kellar Nicholas M. , Crocker Daniel E. , Wasser Samuel K. , Booth Rebecca K. , Trego Marisa L. , Houser Dorian S. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractStress hormones, released into circulation as a consequence of disturbance, are classically assayed from blood samples but may also be detected in a variety of matrices. Blubber and fecal samples can be remotely collected from free‐ranging cetaceans without the confounding hormone elevations associated with chase, capture, and handling required to collect blood samples. The relationship between cortisol concentrations in circulation with that of blubber and feces, however, is unknown. To assess these associations, we elevated cortisol by orally administering hydrocortisone for five days in five bottlenose dolphins. Voluntary blood and fecal samples were collected daily; blubber biopsies were collected on day one, just prior to hydrocortisone administration, and days three and five of hydrocortisone administration. We evaluated subsequent changes in several circulating stress hormones as well as cortisol and glucocorticoid metabolites in blubber and feces, respectively. There was a significant association between cortisol levels in serum and in blubber (F1,12.7= 14.3,P< 0.01,mR2= 0.57) despite substantial variability in blubber cortisol levels. Counterintuitively, fecal cortisol metabolite levels were inversely related to serum cortisol. The relationship between serum and blubber cortisol levels suggests blubber samples from remote sampling may be useful to detect stress loads in this species.
Morphometric profile of large intestinal neuronal plexuses in normal perinatal autopsies and Hirschsprung disease
Authors: Subramanian H. , Badhe B. A. , Toi P. C. , Sambandan K. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObjectivesTo derive objective values for the diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) from a comparison of the morphometric profile of large intestinal neuronal plexuses in normal perinatal autopsies and surgical specimens of HSCR.MethodsA cross‐sectional comparative study with 40 subjects each in (i) non‐HSCR perinatal group encompassing neonates and stillborn babies beyond 30 weeks of gestation on whom autopsies were conducted and (ii) HSCR group comprising all patients clinicoradiologically diagnosed as HSCR. The morphometric assessment was done on hematoxylin‐and‐eosin‐stained sections.Key ResultsThe morphometric profile in terms of average number of ganglia/linear mm of colon, interganglion distance, number of ganglion cells/ganglion, average ganglion cell length, ganglion cell nuclear area, ganglion cell nuclear diameter, nerve trunk thickness, and density has been outlined. On comparison with the neuroanatomically normal zone of HSCR, the cut‐offs to identify hypertrophic nerve trunks (nerve trunk thickness of >37.85 μm) and reduced number of ganglia (number of ganglia/linear mm of colon <2.05 and interganglion distance of >229 μm) were derived.Conclusions & InferencesThe determined objective values, after testing on diagnostic rectal biopsies, may serve to formulate a diagnostic algorithm along with immunostaining for diagnosis of HSCR in colorectal specimens.
Cardiac Device Implant Skin Closure with a Novel Adjustable, Coaptive Tape‐Based Device
Authors: LALANI GAUTAM G. , SCHRICKER AMIR A. , SALCEDO JONATHAN , HEBSUR SHRINIVAS , HSU JONATHAN , FELD GREGORY , BIRGERSDOTTER‐GREEN ULRIKA 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to compare a unique zip‐type adjustable coaptive tape‐based skin closure device to traditional subcuticular sutures in three domains: time, cosmesis, and wound closure‐related outcomes in cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) procedures.MethodsA total of 40 patients were enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled trial to assess time to wound closure, as well as cosmesis and wound closure‐related outcomes.ResultsThe adjustable coaptive tape‐based skin closure device had shorter overall closure time (78 ± 6.6 seconds vs 216 ± 21.5 seconds; P < 0.001) and mean closure time per centimeter (18.0 ± 2.0 s/cm vs 50.1 ± 6.7 s/cm; P < 0.001) versus sutures, with less intersurgeon and interpatient variability with the use of adjustable coaptive device versus sutures (P < 0.001). There was no difference between groups in postoperative pain or scar cosmesis during the follow‐up period. Neither group had any closure‐related adverse events.ConclusionsThe adjustable coaptive tape‐based skin closure device demonstrated shorter closure times with less variability when compared to sutures. It is a safe and acceptable alternative to sutures for skin closure following CIED implantation.
Association between water and carbon dioxide transport in leaf plasma membranes: assessing the role of aquaporins
Authors: Zhao Manchun , Tan Hwei‐Ting , Scharwies Johannes , Levin Kara , Evans John R , Tyerman Stephen D 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe role of some aquaporins as CO2 permeable channels has been controversial. Low CO2 permeability of plant membranes has been criticized because of unstirred layers and other limitations. Here we measured both water and CO2 permeability (Pos, PCO2) using stopped flow on plasma membrane vesicles (pmv) isolated from Pisum sativum (pea) and Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. We excluded the chemical limitation of carbonic anhydrase (CA) in the vesicle acidification technique for PCO2 using different temperatures and CA concentrations. Unstirred layers were excluded based on small vesicle size and the positive correlation between vesicle diameter and PCO2. We observed high aquaporin activity (Pos 0.06 to 0.22 cm s−1) for pea pmv based on all the criteria for their function using inhibitors and temperature dependence. Inhibitors of Pos did not alter PCO2. PCO2 ranged from 0.001 to 0.012 cm s−1 (mean 0.0079 + 0.0007 cm s−1) with activation energy of 30.2 kJ mol−1. Intrinsic variation between pmv batches from normally grown or stressed plants revealed a weak (R2 = 0.27) positive linear correlation between Pos and PCO2. Despite the low PCO2, aquaporins may facilitate CO2 transport across plasma membranes, but probably via a different pathway than for water.
Infrared radiation increases skin damage induced by other wavelengths in solar urticaria
Authors: de Gálvez María Victoria , Aguilera José , Sánchez‐Roldán Cristina , Herrera‐Ceballos Enrique 
Published: September 2016

SummaryBackgroundPhotodermatoses are typically investigated by analyzing the individual or combined effects of ultraviolet A (UVA), ultraviolet B (UVB), and visible light using light sources that simulate portions of the solar spectrum. Infrared radiation (IRR), however, accounts for 53% of incident solar radiation, but its effects are not taken into account in standard phototest protocols.AimsThe aim was to analyze the effects of IRR, alone and combined with UVA and visible light on solar urticaria lesions, with a distinction between infrared A (IRA) and infrared B (IRB).MethodsWe performed standard phototests with UVA and visible light in four patients with solar urticaria and also tested the effects after blocking IRB with a water filter. To analyze the direct effect of IRR, we performed phototests with IRA and IRB.ResultsInitial standard phototests that were all positive found the induction of erythema and whealing, while when IRR was blocked from the UVA and visible light sources, three of the patients developed no lesions, while the fourth developed a very small wheal.ConclusionThese results suggest that IRR has the potential to produce and exacerbate lesions caused by other types of radiation. Consideration of these effects during phototesting could help prevent diagnostic errors.
Photo‐induced graft‐versus‐host disease
Authors: Hardy Juliette M. , Marguery Marie‐Claude , Huynh Anne , Borel Cécile , Apoil Pol André , Lamant Laurence , Tournier Emilie , Alberto Chloé , Pauwels Céline , Thomas Marianne , Mazereeuw Hautier Juliette , Paul Carle , Bulai Livideanu Cristina 
Published: September 2016

SummaryOverlap chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) associates both features of acute and chronic GVHD. Trigger factors for chronic GVHD are unclear. We describe two patients who received allogenic haematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation, and who later developed overlap chronic GVHD after sun exposure. Available data from in vivo investigations suggest ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) has a beneficial effect on acute and chronic GVHD. The role of sun irradiation as a trigger for isomorphic cutaneous GVHD has been rarely reported in the literature. Herein, we demonstrate for the first time, using repetitive broadband phototesting, that UVB triggers chronic GVHD.
Pulmonary immune responses to Nippostrongylus brasiliensis: isotype‐specific antibodies in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of rats
Authors: Ramaswamy K. , Befus D. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryLarvae of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis have an obligatory migratory phase through the lungs of rats during their development. Since earlier studies have shown that this migration is associated with accumulation of Fc receptor bearing effector cells in the bronchoalveolar spaces, wc have analysed antibody reactivity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) during development of immune responses against N. brasiliensis. The development of parasite specific antibodies in bronchoalveolar spaces was similar to that in the serum, but was of a lower titre. A secondary infection resulted in an anamnestic response. Iso type analysis showed that IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies were present in BALF and they recognized several proteins of the parasite ranging from 16‐290 kDa. Immunoblot analysis on two‐dimensional electrophoretic separated parasitic proteins identified stage specific differences in the BALF antibody responses. IgG was the predominant class of antibody in BALF and when compared with serum, IgM antibody responses were weak. Thus, infection with N. brasiliensis resulted in the appearance of site‐, stage‐ and isotype‐specific antibody responses in the lungs of rats.
Incentives in Third‐Party Governance: Management Practices and Accountability Implications
Authors: Girth Amanda M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractContract incentives are designed to motivate contractor performance and to provide public managers with a powerful tool to achieve contract accountability. Our knowledge of contract incentives is rooted in contract design, yet as we move beyond contract specification and further into the contract lifecycle, we know little about why and how managers implement incentives. This study assesses public managers’ use of contract incentives in practice and advances theory development. A typology of contract incentives is constructed to capture a comprehensive range of formal and informal incentives, and the factors that influence managerial use of incentives are identified. The findings shed light on the complexities of maintaining accountability in third‐party governance structures and the management techniques aimed at improving the performance of public agencies.
Varieties of Open Governance: How Openness Projects Organize and Make Decisions
Authors: Ingrams Alex 
Published: September 2016

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Leading Change in Public Organizations
Authors: Brook Douglas A. 
Published: September 2016

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Can We Change Everything? The Politics and Economics of Climate Change
Authors: Fiorino Daniel J. 
Published: September 2016

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