bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning Based Assessment of Elite Football Players Based on Anthropometric and Motor Fitness Parameters with Regard to their Playing Positions
Authors: Sneha Santoshi , Prithvi B. S. , Niranjanamurthy M. , Kiran Kumar H. K. , Dayananda P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSports players strive to be the epitome of human excellence, pushing the barrier of skill and execution with training, focus and direction, amplified by regular training and practice. This could be attributed to various factors such as response to stimuli, physical factors, psychological factors etc. The present study incorporated the prediction of the most suited playing position of elite male football players using machine learning approaches based on their Anthropometric Parameters (AP–11 parameters) and Motor Fitness Parameters (MFP–7 parameters). Of the features analysed, results identified the position indicative nature of some parameters among6 AP (Height, Body Mass Index, Basal Metabolic Rate, Fat %, Thigh Circumference, Calf circumference) and 4 MFP (120 m, 80 m, 40 m dash and T-Test) by Spearman’s Rank Correlation Test. Further, the prediction of ideal playing position was achieved using various classifiers such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), SVM with over sampled data, SVM with hyperparameter tuning, SVM with variable scaling and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XG Boost). Among these, the highest classification accuracy and f1-score at 92% and 0.92 respectively were obtained for XG Boost Classifier which portrayed a faster performance as compared to the other approaches. The present study could be useful in professional sports training and rehabilitation so as to help the players perform better in the football game.
Les colonisations à l’épreuve de la comparaison
Authors: Cogneau Denis 
Published: October 2024

Mon livre Un empire bon marché propose une analyse du colonialisme français des xixe et xxe siècles. En partant des commentaires de mes collègues Frederick Cooper, Christelle Dumas et David Todd, je reviens sur la méthode comparative adoptée, puis je discute les motivations préemptives des conquêtes coloniales, la variété des institutions de domination, l’exploitation économique et le non-développement. Je conclus sur l’inachèvement de la décolonisation.
Logistics efficiency in Brazilian cities applying data envelopment analysis
Authors: Fioravanti Reinaldo , Montoya Giset Natalia , Pinto Janaina Antonino , Lima Orlando Fontes 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Urban logistics has emerged as a priority to improve goods distribution and mobility within urban centers worldwide. Brazil presents a unique set of challenges in this regard due to issues such as excessive reliance on road transportation, lack of regulations, inadequate infrastructure, cargo theft, and the intricate interplay of cargo transportation with urban traffic. These challenges collectively exert a substantial influence on the economic, urban, and environmental performance of cities. This article introduces a novel approach aimed at assessing and benchmarking urban logistics performance between Brazilian cities with potential applicability to other contexts. The methodology was based on data envelopment analysis to evaluate efficiency based on key indicators, including GDP Gross Domestic Product, population size, commercial establishments, urban area coverage, cargo fleet size, and travel time. By applying this methodology to 12 Brazilian cities, the study improves the understanding of their relative efficiency levels concerning urban logistics and provides key insights for policymaking. The results also show the relevance of the proposed methodology and contribute to provide a perspective of different administrative and logistical facets through the lens of macroeconomic indicators, contributing to a holistic understanding of urban logistics dynamics.
Entrepreneurial identity and business success: Former refugee women’s navigation of (in)visibility paradoxes
Authors: Ranabahu Nadeera , de Vries Huibert P. , Basharati Zhiyan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Former refugee women’s entrepreneurial journeys are embedded in social, cultural, and legal environments in their home, transition, and host countries. Their multiple context embeddedness creates contradictions and identity issues. Thus, women adopt behaviours that make them visible or invisible simultaneously when navigating these contradictions. Using intersectionality and translocational positionality lenses, this study explored this phenomenon. We collected narrative data using semi-structured interviews from refugee women resettled in New Zealand. The findings illustrate that multi-country social processes, that is, ‘translocational’ experiences, create (in)visibility paradoxes for women entrepreneurs. Women dynamically create visibility for themselves through reliance on or defiance of ethnic, cultural or refugee identities in their ventures and by creating a business identity aligning with the host country’s values. In contrast, cultural conformity and playing a role behind the ‘shopfront’ make women invisible. This study synthesises these paradoxical entrepreneurial strategies, develops a conceptual framework and contributes to women’s entrepreneurial identity studies.
From Patriotism to Transnationalism: Exploring Hashtag Narratives on Lithium Mining Protests in Serbia
Authors: Stepanović Ivana 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
By examining social media interactions, the analysis that is presented in this article reveals how hashtags are adeptly used to reframe the lithium mining issue, embedding it within wider narratives. The article investigates narratives surrounding lithium mining protests in Serbia, using digital ethnography and narrative analysis to study the discourse of ecology activists on the social platform X (formerly known as Twitter). It illuminates the fluid, rhizomatic, and puzzle-like nature of hashtags that helps to achieve online visibility, mobilize audiences for street protests, and appear as narrative building blocks. Hashtags operate as algorithmic signifiers that create additional layers of meaning and fine-tune narratives toward either the left or right side of the political spectrum. This article focuses on how activists use hashtags not just as tools for categorizing content but also as essential components in shaping their narratives. This approach reveals the dynamic engagement of a broad political spectrum in the lithium mining debate, forging connections between different actors. The analysis demonstrates how interconnected hashtags modulate the narratives so that they can transgress from the right to the left side of the political spectrum, indicating that lithium mining is a global rather than a local problem.
Understanding the Zonal Variability in Projections of Sahel Precipitation
Authors: Audu E. O. , Dixon R. D. , Diallo I. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe uncertainty in precipitation projections across the Sahel has persisted across generations of climate models. Many projections show a zonal dipole in the sign of precipitation change, with wetting across the Central Sahel and drying across the Western Sahel. We analyze the outputs from an ensemble of current climate models to explain why some produce this dipole and understand the inter‐model variability in the transition region for these models. Models projecting the dipole tend to shift the Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) to the south, while models that do not tend to shift the ITCZ to the north. We find that the strong relationship between the change in Sahel precipitation and surface temperature‐based indices is highly driven by the non‐dipole models. These indices do not explain most of the variance in where models transition. This suggests that understanding zonal variability in Sahel precipitation change must go beyond these temperature‐based analysis.
Base editing screens define the genetic landscape of cancer drug resistance mechanisms
Authors: Coelho Matthew A. , Strauss Magdalena E. , Watterson Alex , Cooper Sarah , Bhosle Shriram , Illuzzi Giuditta , Karakoc Emre , Dinçer Cansu , Vieira Sara F. , Sharma Mamta , Moullet Marie , Conticelli Daniela , Koeppel Jonas , McCarten Katrina , Cattaneo Chiara M. , Veninga Vivien , Picco Gabriele , Parts Leopold , Forment Josep V. , Voest Emile E. , Marioni John C. , Bassett Andrew , Garnett Mathew J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDrug resistance is a principal limitation to the long-term efficacy of cancer therapies. Cancer genome sequencing can retrospectively delineate the genetic basis of drug resistance, but this requires large numbers of post-treatment samples to nominate causal variants. Here we prospectively identify genetic mechanisms of resistance to ten oncology drugs from CRISPR base editing mutagenesis screens in four cancer cell lines using a guide RNA library predicted to install 32,476 variants in 11 cancer genes. We identify four functional classes of protein variants modulating drug sensitivity and use single-cell transcriptomics to reveal how these variants operate through distinct mechanisms, including eliciting a drug-addicted cell state. We identify variants that can be targeted with alternative inhibitors to overcome resistance and functionally validate an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) variant that sensitizes lung cancer cells to EGFR inhibitors. Our variant-to-function map has implications for patient stratification, therapy combinations and drug scheduling in cancer treatment.
Polymeric nanoparticles loaded with vincristine and carbon dots for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy and imaging
Authors: Fawaz Walaa , Hanano Abdulsamie , Murad Hossam , Yousfan Amal , Alghoraibi Ibrahim , Hasian Jameela 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChemotherapy for hepatoblastoma is limited by organ toxicity and poor outcomes, prompting the search for new, more effective treatments with minimal side effects. Vincristine sulfate, a potent chemotherapeutic, faces challenges due to P-glycoprotein-mediated resistance and its systemic toxicity. Nanoparticles offer a promising solution by improving pharmacokinetics, targeting tumor cells, thus reducing side effects. Moreover, the use of fluorescent nanomaterials is emerging in biomedical applications such as bioimaging, detection and therapies. This study describes a promising delivery system utilizing carbon dots encapsulated with vincristine in biodegradable polycaprolactone nanoparticles via a double emulsion technique. The fine characterization of these nanoparticles showed that they are spherical, uniformly sized with around 200 nm and exhibit excellent colloidal stability. Moreover, the release profile showed prolonged release for both vincristine and carbon dots. In vitro cell viability studies revealed enhanced cancer cell inhibition for the encapsulated drug compared to the vincristine solution. The uptake study indicated clear fluorescence for carbon dots solution and vincristine and carbon dots loaded nanoparticles upon excitation. Additionally, studies on primary mouse hepatocytes demonstrated higher fluorescence intensity in treatment groups. These results suggest that vincristine and carbon dots loaded nanoparticles are effective, target-specific carriers for liver cancer treatment. Furthermore, the carbon dots were not cytotoxic, highlighting their potential in bioimaging and cancer cell studies.
Autoantibodies to protein S may explain rare cases of coagulopathy following COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Yalcinkaya Ahmet , Cavalli Marco , Aranda-Guillén Maribel , Cederholm Axel , Güner Almira , Rietrae Isabel , Mildner Hedvig , Behere Anish , Eriksson Oskar , Gonzalez Laura , Mugabo Constantin Habimana , Johnsson Anette , Lakshmikanth Tadepally , Brodin Petter , Wadelius Mia , Hallberg Pär , Landegren Nils 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWhile Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have proven to be both effective and generally safe, rare but severe adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) are described. Autoantibodies to platelet factor-4 are associated with catastrophic thrombotic AEFIs, but comprehensive investigations of other autoantibodies are lacking. We aimed to detect and describe autoantibodies targeting coagulation-related proteins in a population-wide cohort (SWEDEGENE) including AEFIs attributed to COVID-19 vaccines in Sweden. Subjects were recruited from December 2020 to October 2022 and were stratified based on diagnosis and COVID-19 exposure. Screening was carried out in two phases, with a multiplex bead-based assay in the first subset (until September 2021) and with targeted assays for the second (until October 2022). Positivity was defined based on absolute, relative, and biological/technical thresholds. Patients with coagulation-related AEFIs were older and the Vaxzevria vaccine was overrepresented in this group. Two cases had antiphospholipid antibodies but none had PF4 antibodies. We identified six positives for protein S autoantibodies. Protein S concentrations were negatively correlated with autoantibody response in patients with immunoreactivity and functional analysis revealed low protein S activity in three subjects. Our population-wide analysis reveals cases with autoantibodies against protein S which possibly underlie coagulopathic AEFIs.
Phase 2 trial of PSMA PET CT versus planar bone scan and CT in prostate cancer patients progressing while on androgen deprivation therapy
Authors: Nikitas John , Gafita Andrei , Benz Matthias R. , Djaïleb Loïc , Farolfi Andrea , Hotta Masatoshi , Sonni Ida , Alano Rejah , Rettig Matthew , Shen John , Armstrong Wesley , Grogan Tristan , Liu Sandy , Czernin Johannes , Calais Jeremie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFor prostate cancer patients who experience biochemical progression during androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) has not been prospectively compared to planar bone scan plus CT. This was a single-arm, head-to-head, prospective phase II trial (NCT04928820) designed to enroll 102 men with prostate cancer who experienced biochemical progression (rising prostate-specific antigen [PSA] ≥ 1 ng/mL) during ADT. All patients received 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and 99mTc-MDP planar bone scans. Each scan was interpreted by three central independent readers. The primary endpoint was the per-patient bone metastasis detection rate of PSMA PET/CT versus planar bone scan and CT. Secondary endpoints compared the number of bone metastases detected per patient and the inter-reader agreement of each imaging modality. Twenty-two men were enrolled between July 2021 and June 2022. Due to slow accrual following approval of PSMA PET radiotracers in the U.S. and a lack of a statistical signal between the two imaging modalities on interim analysis, this trial was closed early on October 2022. Median PSA was 8.5 ng/mL (interquartile range: 1.6–77.6). There was 100% agreement between the two scans. Six patients (27%) had negative findings and 16 patients (73%) had positive findings on both scans. PSMA PET/CT and bone scan plus CT detected an equal number of bone lesions for 14 patients (64%), PSMA PET/CT detected more bone lesions for six patients (27%), and bone scan plus CT detected more bone lesions for two patients (9.1%) (p = 0.092). The inter-reader agreement rates of PSMA PET/CT and bone scan plus CT were 96% and 82%, respectively (p = 0.25). In men with biochemical progression during ADT, 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and 99mTc-MDP planar bone scan plus CT had identical bone metastasis detection rates. Bone scan plus CT can continue to serve as a cost-effective and readily accessible restaging modality in patients with biochemical progression. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04928820. Registered 16/06/2021.
The perceptibility curve test applied to direct digital dental radiography
Authors: Yoshiura K , Stamatakis H , Shi X Q , Welander U , McDavid W D , Kristoffersen J , Tronje G 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE
To compare the effect of an additional scintillator layer on the psychophysical properties of a CCD detector for digital dental radiography.

METHODS
Radiographs of a test object containing ten holes of increasing depth were obtained throughout the exposure range of two CCD detectors at 70 and 90 kVp. One was the original detector for the Sens-A-Ray system (Regam Medical Systems, Sundsvall, Sweden) and the other the same detector covered by a scintillator layer. Ten viewers evaluated the radiographs for the number of perceptible holes. From these data and the dose response functions for the two detectors, the minimum perceptible exposure difference was found. The reciprocal values of this parameter were plotted against the logarithm of exposure to create Perceptibility Curves (PCs).

RESULTS
The four PCs had essentially the same shape and height. There was a shift to lower exposures in the PCs for the detector covered by a scintillator.

CONCLUSIONS
The two detectors have essentially the same psychophysical properties. Since the detector covered by a scintillator layer is more sensitive, it should be preferred for clinical practice since the dose to the patient is reduced.
Analysis of low-dose digital lateral cephalometric radiographs
Authors: Näslund E B , Kruger M , Petersson A , Hansen K 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE
To examine the effects of the dose reduction obtained with photostimulable phosphor computed radiography (CR) on the identification of cephalometric landmarks.

METHODS
Dose reductions of 50% and 75% respectively were obtained by placing three storage phosphor image plates in the same cassette. Lateral cephalograms were exposed on ten patients. Seven observers identified 14 anatomical landmarks on the images.

RESULTS
The location of anatomical landmarks on the lateral cephalograms was not effected by the decreased dose (P &gt; 0.05). Interobserver variation was the major influence.

CONCLUSION
A dose reduction of 75% does not effect the localization of anatomical landmarks in lateral cephalograms obtained with CR.
Advantage of appropriate K-edge filters for one-shot dual-energy subtraction sialography
Authors: Kobayashi S 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES
To determine the optimal added filtration for use for one-shot dual energy subtraction sialography.

METHODS
Test phantoms composed of bone and soft tissue materials were imaged with computed radiography using one-shot dual energy subtraction radiography. Eight different additional filter materials were compared with gadolinium contrast. Two numerical measures (absorption ratio and separation index) were used to compare the subtracted images obtained with the various filter/contrast combinations. The K-edge spectra were measured for each filter/contrast combination. A preliminary comparison of a 1.5 M iodine contrast medium with a 1.5 M gadolinium was performed using canine sialography.

RESULTS
The gadolinium contrast/samarium filter combination had a larger separation index (P &lt; 0.05). The same combination yielded better sialograms than iodine contrast.

CONCLUSIONS
Samarium filter has an optimal k-edge for one-shot dual-energy sialography with gadolinium contrast.
The development of a new direct digital extra-oral radiographic system prototype using a thin-film transistor panel
Authors: Sakurai T , Matsuki T , Nakamura K , Kashima I , Lee D L , Cheung L K , Jeromin L S 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE
To develop a new method of direct digital image acquisition for extra-oral radiography.

METHODS
A selenium detector was combined with a thin-film transistor sensor and integrated with current technology for computed radiography in a system named Direct Radiography (DR). The effective image area of the prototype is 178 mm x 213.5 mm, and consists of a 1280 x 1536 pixel matrix with a pixel pitch of 139 microns x 139 microns. The electrical characteristics were evaluated and image quality was tested with a dried human mandible and half-skull phantom. The resultant images were subjectively reviewed by seven oral and maxillofacial radiologists.

RESULTS
The prototype had a signal-to-noise ratio of 400:1 when the exposure was 250 x 10(-8) C/Kg. Spatial resolution was equal to the Nyquist frequency of 3.55 cycles/mm. The images of the phantoms were considered to be of equivalent quality to conventional screen-film images and demonstrated the normal anatomical structures used for clinical evaluation. Three to four images per minute were generated with this system.

CONCLUSION
The DR system has an X-ray sensitivity comparable with a 400-speed film-screen system and appears suitable for clinical radiography. Further evaluation is therefore planned.
Adverse reactions to nonionic iodine in contrast-enhanced computed tomography: usefulness of monitoring vital signs
Authors: Kurabayashi T , Ida M , Fukayama H , Ohbayashi N , Yoshino N , Sasaki T 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE
To report on adverse reactions to intravenous nonionic iodine contrast media and evaluate the usefulness of monitoring vital signs.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
A prospective study of 1537 consecutive patients who received contrast-enhanced CT with nonionic iodine was performed. Systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure, pulse rate and arterial blood oxygen saturation were monitored. Severity of adverse reactions was classified as minor, intermediate and severe.

RESULTS
A total of 64 adverse reactions developed in 57 patients. The overall prevalence was 3.7% (57/1537). The most common symptom was nausea (18/64) followed by pharyngeal discomfort (11/64). One patient had a severe reaction consisting of prolonged hypotension. Four patients had an intermediate reaction, three transient hypotension or hypertension and one extensive urticaria and facial edema. In two out of four patients who became hypotensive or hypertensive, the reactions developed without any obvious clinical symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS
Severe or life-threatening acute adverse reactions to intravenous nonionic iodine contrast media may develop without any obvious clinical symptoms. Monitoring vital signs is very helpful for early detection.
The role of three-dimensional spiral computed tomography in oral metastases
Authors: Cavalcanti M G , Vannier M W 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We present the spiral 2DCT and 3DCT imaging findings in two patients with oral metastases, one with breast and the other with prostate cancer. In order to demonstrate the contribution of these techniques in the evaluation and treatment planning of such lesions. 3DCT can help to define further the extent of osteolytic involvement noted on initial 2DCT images, allowing better localization and visualization of the anatomical regions involved. We conclude that 3DCT is a useful adjunct for the management of maxillofacial tumors involving bone.