bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeted disruption of the activating transcription factor 4 gene results in severe fetal anemia in mice
Authors: Masuoka Howard C. , Townes Tim M. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractActivating transcription factor (ATF) 4 is a ubiquitous basic leucine-zipper transcription factor that is a member of the ATF/cyclic adenosine monophosphate responsive element–binding (CREB) protein family. To determine the in vivo function of ATF4, the ATF4 gene in murine embryonic stem cells was deleted and homozygous mutant mice were generated. ATF4 null fetuses were severely anemic because of an impairment in fetal-liver definitive hematopoiesis; the hematocrit in 15.5-day mutant fetuses was 0.15, whereas that in controls was 0.35. The fetal livers in homozygous ATF4 mutants were pale and hypoplastic. In vitro culture of fetal-liver cells showed fewer hematopoietic progenitors per embryo and a dramatic decrease in the size of progenitor colonies. Culture of primary murine embryonic fibroblasts showed a proliferative defect. These results suggest that ATF4 is critical, in a cell-autonomous manner, for normal cellular proliferation, especially for the high-level proliferation required during fetal-liver hematopoiesis.
Bolus Fluorouracil and Leucovorin With Oxaliplatin as First-Line Treatment in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Ravaioli Alberto , Marangolo Maurizio , Pasquini Enzo , Rossi Andrea , Amadori Dino , Cruciani Giorgio , Tassinari Davide , Oliverio Giovanni , Giovanis Petros , Turci Daniele , Zumaglini Federica , Nicolini Mario , Panzini Ilaria 
Published: July 2002

PURPOSE: A phase II trial investigated the activity and toxicity of a bolus administration schedule of oxaliplatin, fluorouracil (5-FU), and leucovorin (LV) therapy in patients with untreated advanced colorectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-five patients in this multicenter, open, nonrandomized study received oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 on the first day of each course and 5-FU and LV 350 mg/m2 and 20 mg/m2, respectively, as a daily bolus for 5 days, every 21 days, for a maximum of six courses. RESULTS: Partial responses occurred in 18 patients, giving an intent-to-treat response rate of 40.0%. Median time to response was 12.7 weeks; median duration of response was 18.4 weeks. Median progression-free survival was 5.9 months; median survival was 14 months. The independent prognostic factors for improved overall survival were good performance status and negative carcino-embryonic antigen blood level. Incidences of adverse effects were reduced after the 5-FU dose was reduced to 300 mg/m2. Reversible neurologic toxicity occurred in 44.4% of patients. CONCLUSION: Bolus administration of oxaliplatin, 5-FU, and LV as first-line therapy for untreated advanced colorectal cancer is efficacious and safe. In addition to a more favorable safety profile, the 300 mg/m2 dosage offered improved dose-intensity compared with the initial dosage.
Hypertensive Disorders and Cardiovascular Severe Maternal Morbidity in the US, 2015-2019
Authors: Malhamé Isabelle , Nerenberg Kara , McLaughlin Kelsey , Grandi Sonia M. , Daskalopoulou Stella S. , Metcalfe Amy 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceThe incidence of severe maternal morbidity (SMM)—and particularly cardiovascular SMM (cvSMM), the first cause of pregnancy-related mortality—has been rising in North America. Although hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are common, their association with cvSMM specifically remains unclear.ObjectiveTo assess the association between individual subtypes of HDP and cvSMM, in addition to overall SMM, in a large, nationally representative sample.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA population-based cohort study using the United States National Inpatient Sample was conducted. Individuals with obstetric deliveries between 2015 and 2019 were included. Data analysis was performed from October 2023 to February 2024.ExposureHDP subtypes included gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, preeclampsia without severe features, severe preeclampsia, and HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet) syndrome.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was a composite of cvSMM (including conditions such as pulmonary edema, stroke, and acute myocardial infarction) and the secondary outcome was a composite of overall SMM (including cvSMM and other conditions such as respiratory failure, severe postpartum hemorrhage, and sepsis). Adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) for the association between HDP subtypes and the outcomes were estimated using modified Poisson regression models adjusted for demographic and clinical characteristics.ResultsAmong 15 714 940 obstetric deliveries, 2 045 089 (13.02%) had HDP, 23 445 (0.15%) were affected by cvSMM, and 282 160 (1.80%) were affected by SMM. The mean (SD) age of the cohort was of 29 (6) years. The incidence of cvSMM was higher in participants with HDP than those without HDP (0.48% [9770 of 2 045 089] vs 0.10% [13 680 of 13 669 851]; P &amp;lt; .001). Participants with HELLP syndrome had the highest risk for cvSMM (aRR, 17.55 [95% CI, 14.67-21.01]), followed by severe preeclampsia (aRR, 9.11 [95% CI, 8.26-10.04]), and chronic hypertension (aRR, 3.57 [95% CI, 3.15-4.05]). Although HDP subtypes were also associated with overall SMM, the association with HELLP syndrome (aRR, 9.94 [95% CI, 9.44-10.45]), severe preeclampsia (aRR, 3.66 [95% CI, 3.55-3.78]), and chronic hypertension (aRR, 1.96 [95% CI, 1.88-2.03]) was attenuated compared with cvSMM.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, a graded relationship by severity characterized the association between HDP and cvSMM. Although all HDP subtypes were associated with an increased risk of overall SMM, the risk was more pronounced for cvSMM.
1D Crystallographic Etching of Few‐Layer WS2
Authors: Li Shisheng , Lin Yung‐Chang , Chiew Yiling , Dai Yunyun , Ning Zixuan , Zhang Yaming , Nakajima Hideaki , Lim Hong En , Wu Jing , Neitoh Yasuhisa , Okazaki Toshiya , Sun Yang , Sun Zhipei , Suenaga Kazu , Sakuma Yoshiki , Tsukagoshi Kazuhito , Taniguchi Takaaki 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLayer number‐dependent band structures and symmetry are vital for the electrical and optical characteristics of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). Harvesting 2D TMDCs with tunable thickness and properties can be achieved through top‐down etching and bottom‐up growth strategies. In this study, a pioneering technique that utilizes the migration of in situ generated Na‐W‐S‐O droplets to etch out 1D nanotrenches in few‐layer WS2 is reported. 1D WS2 nanotrenches are successfully fabricated on the optically inert bilayer WS2, showing pronounced photoluminescence and second harmonic generation signals. Additionally, the modulation of inkjet‐printed Na2WO4‐Na2SO4 particles to switch between the etching and growth modes by manipulating the sulfur supply is demonstrated. This versatile approach enables the creation of 1D nanochannels on 2D TMDCs. The research presents exciting prospects for the top‐down and bottom‐up fabrication of 1D‐2D mixed‐dimensional TMDC nanostructures, expanding their use for electronic and optoelectronic applications.
Protection of Fe Single‐Atoms by Fe Clusters for Chlorine‐Resistant Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Rao Peng , Liu Yurong , Shi Xiaodong , Yu Yanhui , Zhou Yu , Li Ruisong , Liang Ying , Wu Daoxiong , Li Jing , Tian Xinlong , Miao Zhengpei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDirect seawater zinc‐air batteries (S‐ZABs), with their inherent properties of high energy density, intrinsic safety, and low cost, present a compelling avenue for the development of energy storage technology. However, the presence of chloride ions in seawater poses challenges to their air electrode, resulting in sluggish reaction kinetics and poor stability for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, Fe atomic clusters (ACs) decorated Fe single‐metal atoms (SAs) catalyst (FeSA‐FeAC/NC) is prepared using a plasma treatment strategy. The aberration‐corrected transmission electron microscope images confirm the successful construction of Fe SAs surrounding Fe ACs, which delivers robust ORR activity with a half‐wave potential of 0.886 V in alkaline seawater electrolyte. When utilized as the cathode catalyst in assembled S‐ZABs, the battery demonstrates excellent discharge performance, achieving a peak power density of 222 mW cm−2, which is 2.3 times higher than Pt/C based S‐ZABs. Moreover, density functional theory calculations unveil that the synergy effect between the Fe ACs and SAs not only reduces the spin‐down d‐band center in the Fe SAs, but also efficiently suppresses Cl−1 adsorption on Fe SAs due to their strong Cl−1 absorption ability of the Fe ACs, thereby enhancing both the activity and stability of the catalyst.
Strong and Ultrahigh Temperature‐Resistant Metal Oxide Nanobelt Aerogels
Authors: Wang Xiaodong , Wang Yijun , Zhang Ze , Zhao Zhiyang , Liu Ting , Tian Yulin , Zhang Xiaoxue , Burkule Snigdha , Malfait Wim J. , Zhao Shanyu , Zhang Zhihua , Shen Jun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMetal oxide aerogels, inorganic cousins of the highly commercialized metalloid oxide silica aerogels, exhibit distinct properties specific to each type. Nevertheless, they share a common challenge with silica aerogels—brittleness and low mechanical strength due to their particulate necklace‐like structure. In contrast, polymer aerogels often boast significantly enhanced mechanical properties thanks to their nanofibrillated networks. To enhance the mechanical properties of metal oxide aerogels, the metal oxide formation with a polymeric nanostructure is micro‐templated. This method transforms the necklace‐like particulate microstructure of metal oxide aerogels (e.g., Al2O3 Cr2O3, and Fe2O3) into a polymer‐like nanobelt structure. Remarkably, even after removing the polymer template through calcination at 600 °C, the nanobelt structure remains intact. These metal oxide nanobelt (MNB) aerogels exhibit exceptional compressibility while retaining their mesoporous structure. As a demonstration, the resulting Al‐MNB aerogel can withstand compression up to 80% strain without fracturing while preserving its porous nanobelt structure and a high specific surface area of 228 m2 g−1 and a pore volume of 0.7 cm3 g−1 after heat treatment at 1300 °C. This work introduces an innovative strategy for creating a distinctive polymer‐like nanobelt microstructure, paving the way for novel applications of metal oxide aerogels with unique structures and enhanced performance.
Blocking Layer Induced Bi‐Directional Biased Photomultiplication‐Type Near‐Infrared Flexible Organic Photodetectors
Authors: Li Shuaiqi , Wang Yazhong , Hao Lu , Tan Zhaohong , Huang Yijun , Zhong Wenkai , Dong Sheng , Yang Xiye , Huang Fei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPhotomultiplication‐type organic photodetectors (PM‐OPDs) effectively amplify photogenerated signals, eliminating the need for external amplifiers and simplifying detection systems. Current designs require high bias voltages, leading to significant power consumption. This study introduces PM‐OPDs with reduced bias voltage by incorporating a hole‐blocking layer (HBL) between the active layer and electrode. Deep HOMO level and thin HBL facilitate hole accumulation and energy level bending, lowering bias voltage and enhancing electron injection. The elevated LUMO level of the HBL minimizes non‐radiative recombination and prolongs the lifetime of accumulated holes, resulting in greater photogains. Four HBLs—BCP, PFN‐Br, BPhen, and C60—are explored with ZnO serving as an electron transporting layer (ETL). By applying a bi‐directional bias of ±0.5 V, PM‐OPDs are enabled to operate with an EQE of 19560% and a detectivity of 2.8 × 1013 Jones. The versatility of this mechanism is validated across three active layer combinations. Compared to commercial silicon photodetector, the flexible PM‐OPDs achieved a 139.3‐fold increase in photocurrent in photoplethysmography under faint light conditions. This work presents a promising strategy for developing bi‐directional biased PM‐OPDs with reduced power consumption while maintaining high gains for various practical applications.
Enhanced Fluorescence in Green ZnSeTe Quantum Dots Using Gradient Layer Technique
Authors: Heo Ho Seok , Shin Gyu Jin , Lee Seung Ah , Baek Seungho , Han Seungmin , Choi Soo‐Hyung , Lee Jun Hyup , Lee Kangtaek 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA novel method is presented for synthesizing green ZnSeTe quantum dots (QDs) that demonstrate high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and a narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM). In this synthesis, a gradient layer is created between the ZnSeTe core and the ZnSe inner shell by utilizing the different reactivities of precursors. This innovative approach aims to reduce lattice mismatch and minimize interfacial defects, thereby enhancing the fluorescence properties of ZnSeTe QDs. Using the gradient layer, green QDs are achieved with a FWHM of 36 nm and a PLQY of 90%, surpassing previous results. Detailed structural analyses confirmed a reduction in stacking faults and strain in the QDs with a gradient layer, leading to enhanced fluorescence properties. The QDs with a gradient layer are successfully integrated into the emissive layer of a quantum dot light–emitting diode device, demonstrating superior performance compared to QDs without the gradient layer.
Sensitive Detection and Visual Recognition of Jatrorrhizine Based on a Fluorescent Eu Coordination Polymer Probe
Authors: Xu Ruijie , Li Dechao , Yang Yefang , Qie Shaowen , Hu Wenping , Li Wenting , Hu Ming 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBased on 4‐([2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridin]‐4′‐yl) benzoic acid ligand (Htpba), a fluorescent lanthanide coordination polymer was successfully synthesized, namely, [Eu (tpba)3]n (1). The single‐crystal diffraction analysis shows that Eu3+ ions in complex 1 are alternately connected with tpba3− ligands to form a one‐dimensional chain structure, which further constitutes a three‐dimensional supramolecular architecture through the π···π interactions. Complex 1 demonstrated excellent stability of thermogravimetry; and displayed good fluorescence intensity in aqueous solution with a wide pH range. In this work, complex 1 was used as a fluorescence sensor for the detection of jatrorrhizine molecule (JAT). It was found that complex 1 had high sensitivity with the detection limit of 1.02 × 10−8 M, and simultaneously displayed specific selectivity and reutilization for the exploration of JAT molecule. The static quenching, the absorption competition, the electrostatic interactions, and the photo‐induced electron transfer process are responsible for the recognition mechanism of complex 1 with sensing JAT. It is worth mentioning that a fluorescent film based on complex 1 and a light‐emitting diode device coated with the powder of complex 1 were successfully fabricated, which could rapidly recognize JAT molecule with the naked eye further.
Outcome of post‐prostatectomy stress urinary incontinence surgery in men with preoperative idiopathic detrusor overactivity
Authors: Bhatt Nikita R. , Ippoliti Simona , Nambiar Arjun , Ilie Cristian , Doherty Ruth , Smith Lee 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundUrodynamic evidence of storage dysfunction such as detrusor overactivity (DO) and/or poor compliance are present in up to 30–40% of patients after Radical Prostatectomy (RP). However, the current optimal management of men with DO on preoperative urodynamics prior to male stress urinary incontinence (SUI) surgery is not known.MethodsWe performed a systematic search of the literature including articles on patients undergoing SUI surgery after prostatectomy with preoperative DO between January 2003 and May 2023 to ensure contemporaneous data was obtained.ResultsWe identified 11 eligible publications with a total of 792 patients. On Urodynamics, 29% (n = 229) patients had DO prior to SUI surgery. Overall 69% patients had a successful outcome after SUI surgery while 26% (132/499) failed while 34% (32/95) patients who had proven DO preoperatively failed SUI surgery. The difference was not statistically significant. Considering the sub‐group analysis, the failure rate with preoperative DO was significantly higher in the sling group (43%) than in the AUS group (18%). The review was limited by the outcome heterogeneity, variability in study inclusion criteria, reporting and analysis and the quality of the available studies.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of the data, this review did not show a statistically significant higher failure rate of male incontinence surgery in patients with DO. Hence, patients with DO on preoperative urodynamics who are eligible for male SUI surgery should not be denied surgery but should be counselled appropriately of the risks and potential need for subsequent treatment, to manage expectations.
Perspectives of non‐physician partners on barriers and facilitators to AYA cancer care in Latin America
Authors: Wong Samantha L. , Alvarez Elysia , Johnston Emily E. , Romero Crystal , Rossell Nuria , Rios Ligia , Gómez García Wendy , Antillon‐Klussmann Federico , Fu Ligia , Fuentes‐Alabi Soad , Delgado Karina Quintero , Morales Daniel Ortiz , Rodriguez‐Loza Carolina , Lopez Salvador A. , Gosdin Melissa , Malogolowkin Marcio , Friedrich Paola 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundCancer is the fourth leading cause of death in adolescents and young adults (AYA) worldwide. Although successful treatment of cancer in AYA has increased in recent years in most of the world, this is not true for many low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC) where over 80% of all AYA live. This study investigated the needs of AYA with cancer in parts of Latin America (LATAM) through the perspectives of non‐physician health care providers and partners.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews (in Spanish) were conducted with non‐physician partners from Mexico, Peru, Central America, and the Caribbean over Zoom. Participants were recruited through previously identified local physicians and international non‐physician professionals working in these countries. Transcripts were coded and key themes identified until thematic saturation was reached (Atlas.ti).FindingsThirty participants representing eight countries were interviewed, providing 1202 min of transcript data. Data were organized into barriers, facilitators, and strategies to improve the delivery of health care for AYA with cancer in LATAM at the patient‐ (e.g., financial barriers, continued schooling), parent‐ (e.g., limited medical literacy, advocacy), and hospital‐level (e.g., structural barriers, increasing funding).InterpretationThere are many similarities in the barriers and facilitators to AYA care between LATAM and high‐income countries (HIC); however, some characteristics are more unique to LATAM, for example, strict age restrictions for pediatric care and abandonment of therapy. As LATAM countries continue to build cancer control programs, there is an opportunity to consider our identified barriers, facilitators, and strategies to address the unique needs of AYA with cancer.
Effects of web‐based interventions on quality of life among patients with breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Coombs Lorinda A. , Kim Myoungsuk 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivePatients with breast cancer experience decreased quality of life due to various physical and psychological challenges. Web‐based interventions are accessible, cost‐effective, and convenient for improving their quality of life. This study evaluated whether web‐based interventions improve quality of life and included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with clear evidence.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PsycINFO were searched for articles published until October 16, 2023. Inclusion criteria were RCTs evaluating the effect of web‐based interventions on quality of life in patients with breast cancer. The risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane's Risk of Bias Tool 2.0. Standardized mean differences were calculated with a random effects model using R version 4.0.3, and subgroup and moderator analyses were performed.ResultsSince quality of life was measured using two different instruments in two studies, 21 comparisons were analyzed from 19 RCTs. As a result, the findings suggest that web‐based interventions have a small effect size on improving the quality of life for patients with breast cancer (SMD = 0.27, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 0.15–0.38, p = 0.03). Heterogeneity was found to be low (I2 = 40%). The quality‐of‐life subdomain results showed a moderate effect size on the physical functioning and a small effect size on the cognitive and emotional functioning of patients with breast cancer but no significant impact on their role or social functioning.ConclusionsWeb‐based interventions are effective in improving patients' quality of life with breast cancer; they also improve physical, cognitive, and emotional functioning. However, evidence regarding intervention methods remains inconclusive due to the limited number of RCTs, necessitating further research.
Association between visceral adiposity index and cancer risk in the UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Parra‐Soto Solange , Boonpor Jirapitcha , Lynskey Nathan , Araya Carolina , Ho Frederick , Pell Jill P. , Celis‐Morales Carlos 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe visceral adiposity index (VAI) is a marker of visceral fat accumulation and metabolic dysfunction, but there is limited evidence of its association with cancer. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between the VAI and both incident cancer at 23 sites and all‐cause cancer.MethodsIn total, 385,477 participants (53.3% women; mean age, 56.3 years) from the UK Biobank prospective cohort were included in this study. The median follow‐up was 8.2 years (interquartile range, 7.3–8.9 years). The VAI was calculated using formula the published by Amato et al. and was categorized into sex‐specific tertiles. Twenty‐four incident cancers were the outcomes. Cox proportional hazard models were adjusted for sociodemographics, lifestyle factors, and multimorbidity counts.ResultsOver the follow‐up period, 47,882 individuals developed cancer. In the fully adjusted models, the VAI was associated with a higher risk of six cancer sites. Individuals in the highest tertile, compared with those in the lowest tertile, had higher risks of uterine (hazard ratio [HR], 2.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.76–2.49), gallbladder (HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.26–2.66), kidney (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.18–1.64), liver (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.00–1.56), colorectal (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05–1.24), and breast (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.03–1.19) cancers and of all‐cause cancer (HR, 1.05). There was no evidence of a nonlinear association between the VAI and cancer risk.ConclusionsThe VAI was associated with six cancer sites and with all‐cause cancer. The prognostic and etiologic roles of visceral fat accumulation and dysfunction in cancer warrant further research.