bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory neuron links the causal relationship from air pollution to psychiatric disorders: a large multi-omics analysis
Authors: Liang Xisong , Wen Jie , Qu Chunrun , Zhang Nan , Dai Ziyu , Zhang Hao , Luo Peng , Meng Ming , Liu Zhixiong , Fan Fan , Cheng Quan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPsychiatric disorders are severe health challenges that exert a heavy public burden. Air pollution has been widely reported as related to psychiatric disorder risk, but their casual association and pathological mechanism remained unclear. Herein, we systematically investigated the large genome-wide association studies (6 cohorts with 1,357,645 samples), single-cell RNA (26 samples with 157,488 cells), and bulk-RNAseq (1595 samples) datasets to reveal the genetic causality and biological link between four air pollutants and nine psychiatric disorders. As a result, we identified ten positive genetic correlations between air pollution and psychiatric disorders. Besides, PM2.5 and NO2 presented significant causal effects on schizophrenia risk which was robust with adjustment of potential confounders. Besides, transcriptome-wide association studies identified the shared genes between PM2.5/NO2 and schizophrenia. We then discovered a schizophrenia-derived inhibitory neuron subtype with highly expressed shared genes and abnormal synaptic and metabolic pathways by scRNA analyses and confirmed their abnormal level and correlations with the shared genes in schizophrenia patients in a large RNA-seq cohort. Comprehensively, we discovered robust genetic causality between PM2.5, NO2, and schizophrenia and identified an abnormal inhibitory neuron subtype that links schizophrenia pathology and PM2.5/NO2 exposure. These discoveries highlight the schizophrenia risk under air pollutants exposure and provide novel mechanical insights into schizophrenia pathology, contributing to pollutant-related schizophrenia risk control and therapeutic strategies development.
Graphical Abstract
Needs led research: ensuring relevant research in two PhD projects within maternity care
Authors: Aanstad Kristin Jerve , Marsdal Kjersti Engen , Blix Ellen , Kaasen Anne , Lukasse Mirjam , Sørbye Ingvil Krarup , Svege Ida 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
There has been a growing concern regarding research waste and the mismatch between conducted research and the research needs of knowledge users. The Needs Led Research (NLR) approach is proposed as an effective method to ensure that research address actual evidence gaps that are relevant to the users of the knowledge. By search and reviewing literature and involving knowledge users, NLR aims to identify, verify, and prioritize research needs. This paper describes and compares the implementation of the NLR approach in two separate PhD projects within maternity care, and addresses the challenges encountered throughout the processes, aiming to offer valuable insights for future NLR initiatives.

Methods
The NLR processes consisted of four phases: (1) defining the scope (2) identifying and verifying research needs (3) prioritizing research needs and (4) designing the PhD projects. Literature searches were conducted during Phase 2, while knowledge user involvement took place in Phases 2 and 3. The knowledge user involvement, at a co-thinker and advocatory level, included knowledge user groups and surveys. Project groups, who were responsible for all decision-making, conducted Phases 1 and 4. The scopes of the PhD projects were labor induction (NLR-LINO) and fetal monitoring in low-risk deliveries (NLR-LISTEN).

Results
In NLR-LINO, 17 research needs were identified and verified as actual evidence gaps relevant for the knowledge users. Among these, ten were rated as “very important” by a majority of the 322 survey respondents. The aim of the PhD LINO project was defined as “To investigate whether outpatient induction of labor is beneficial in a Norwegian setting.” In NLR-LISTEN, seven research needs were identified and verified as actual evidence gaps relevant for the knowledge users. These were prioritized by 466 survey respondents, and the aim of the PhD LISTEN project was defined as “To investigate the methods used for fetal monitoring in low-risk deliveries in Norway and evaluate adherence to evidence-based practice while also exploring potential reasons for any deviations.”

Conclusions
This paper shows that the NLR is a viable approach for prioritizing research. The findings highlight the impact of the initial scope on subsequent phases and emphasize the importance of pragmatic decision-making throughout the process. However, it is crucial to acknowledge that NLR requires dedicated resources, and if integrated into PhD projects, additional time and training should be allocated accordingly.
Comparison of the safety and efficacy of three superficial skin closure methods for multi-layer wound closure in total knee arthroplasty: a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liu Te , Tao Ye , Zhao Runkai , Hua Yanfan , Feng Zeyu , Zheng Qingyuan , Zhang Guoqiang , Geng Lei , Fu Jun , Qian Wenwei , Ni Ming , Wang Weijun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Good wound healing is critical to infection prophylaxis and satisfactory rehabilitation in Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). Currently, two techniques, i.e., barbed continuous subcuticular suture without skin adhesive or combined use skin adhesive (n-butyl-2) are being used for superficial wound closure of TKA. While a new skin adhesive (2-octyl) with self-adhesive mesh has been employed as an alternative to conventional surgical skin closure in TKA, its superiority, especially in reducing wound complications and improving wound cosmetic outcomes has not been investigated. This study aimed to compare 2-octyl, n-butyl-2, and no skin adhesive in terms of safety and efficacy in TKA superficial wound closure.

Methods
We conducted a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled study in 105 patients undergoing primary TKA between May 2022 and October 2023. Each patient’s knee was randomized to receive 2-octyl, n-butyl-2, or no skin adhesive skin closure with all using barbed continuous sutures in deep tissue. Wounds were followed 1, 3, 5 days, 2, 6 weeks, and 3 months after surgery. Wound discharge, complications, cosmetic outcomes, patient satisfaction, and wound-related costs were compared among these three methods.

Results
Wound discharge was less in 2-octyl group and n-butyl-2 group than in non-adhesive group at 1 day, with the discharge only being less in 2-octyl group than in the non-adhesive group at day 3 and day 5 days (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of other wound complications among the groups (P > 0.05). The 2-octyl group achieved better cosmetic effects than the other two groups in 6 weeks and 3 months (P < 0.05). Compared to the non-adhesive group, 2-octyl group scored higher in overall patient satisfaction score in 2 weeks and incurred lower costs (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Skin closure in TKA using 2-octyl adhesive material showed superiority when compared to no skin adhesive or n-butyl-2, in reducing wound discharge, improving the cosmetic outcomes, without increasing wound complications. In addition, the use of 2-octyl yielded better patient satisfaction and also was less costly compared to no skin adhesive. Our study exhibited that 2-octyl was a safe and effective wound closure technique for patients undergoing TKA.

Trial registration
This study has been registered at Clinical Trials. Gov (No. ChiCTR210046442).
“Anything that would help is a positive development”: feasibility, tolerability, and user experience of smartphone-based digital phenotyping for people with and without type 2 diabetes
Authors: McInerney A. M. , Schmitz N. , Matthews M. , Deschênes S. S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundDigital phenotyping, the in-situ collection of passive (phone sensor) and active (daily surveys) data using a digital device, may provide new insights into the complex relationship between daily behaviour and mood for people with type 2 diabetes. However, there are critical knowledge gaps regarding its use in people with type 2 diabetes. This study assessed feasibility, tolerability, and user experience of digital phenotyping in people with and without type 2 diabetes after participation in a 2-month digital phenotyping study in Ireland. At study completion, participants rated methodology elements from “not a problem” to a “serious problem” on a 5-point scale and reported their comfort with the potential future use of digital phenotyping in healthcare, with space for qualitative expansion.ResultsEighty-two participants completed baseline. Attrition was 18.8%. Missing data ranged from 9–44% depending on data stream. Sixty-eight participants (82.9%) completed the user experience questionnaire (51.5% with type 2 diabetes; 61.8% female; median age-group 50–59). Tolerability of digital phenotyping was high, with “not a problem” being selected 76.5%—89.7% of the time across questions. People with type 2 diabetes (93.9%) were significantly more likely to be comfortable with their future healthcare provider having access to their digital phenotyping data than those without (53.1%), χ2 (1) = 14.01,p =  < .001. Free text responses reflected a range of positive and negative experiences with the study methodology.ConclusionsAn uncompensated, 2-month digital phenotyping study was feasible among people with and without diabetes, with low attrition and reasonable missing data rates. Participants found digital phenotyping to be acceptable, and even enjoyable. The potential benefits of digital phenotyping for healthcare may be more apparent to people with type 2 diabetes than the general population.
Mutational Features and Tumor Microenvironment Alterations in High-Grade Appendiceal Cancers Treated With Iterative Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy
Authors: Su David G. , Dhiman Ankit , Bansal Varun V. , Zha Yuanyuan , Shergill Ardaman , Polite Blasé , Alpert Lindsay , Turaga Kiran K. , Eng Oliver S. 
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE High-grade appendiceal adenocarcinomas (HGAA) with peritoneal metastases (PMs) are associated with poor survival. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a novel treatment approach for unresectable HGAA-PM. However, its influence on immunogenomic profiles has not yet been fully explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS We obtained 79 samples of metastatic peritoneal tumor deposits from patients diagnosed with HGAA and performed whole-exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, and immunoprofiling before and after HIPEC. Tumor biopsies were subjected to immunogenomic profiling to detect mutational signatures and immune populations associated with oncologic outcomes. RESULTS Fifteen patients with HGAA-PMs were included in the study. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 6.7 months (2.7-25.3) and the median overall survival was 11.4 months (4.7-42). Mucin-associated genes ( MUC16, MUC3A, and MUC5AC) and titin ( TTN) had the highest mutation frequencies. Mutational signatures such as single-base substitution 29 and doublet-base substitution 11 were present in >50% of single-base and double-base mutations. Higher PD-L1 coexpression on CD8+ T cells demonstrated a higher PFS both intratumorally ( P = .019) and at the margin ( P = .025). CONCLUSION HIPEC-associated mutational signatures were identified in HGAA-PMs. Elevated PD-L1+ cytotoxic T-cell populations after HIPEC had better PFS, offering valuable insights for prognostication in the context of HIPEC treatment.
Ηγεσία των εκπαιδευτικών οργανισμών, τα στυλ και τα χαρακτηριστικά
Authors: Κωνσταντινίδης Θεόδωρος 
Published: September 2024

Οι συνεχόμενες αλλαγές στο κοινωνικοπολιτικό επίπεδο στη σύγχρονη εποχή που διανύουμε επιβάλλει ένα σχολείο ανοιχτό, ευέλικτο και ικανό να ανταπεξέλθει στις νέες προκλήσεις δημιουργικά, ώστε και αυτό από τη μεριά του να ανατροφοδοτήσει την κοινωνία με μέλη έτοιμα να προσαρμοστούν και να προσφέρουν αποτελεσματικά στους νέους στόχους που διατυπώνει η σύγχρονη πραγματικότητα. Ο ηγέτης που ορίζεται να κατευθύνει έναν εκπαιδευτικό οργανισμό, μια σχολική μονάδα οφείλει να έχει ξεκάθαρους και εφικτούς στόχους που προκύπτουν από το όραμα που από κοινού συνδιαμορφώνει με τους εκπαιδευτικούς, βοηθώντας τους να εξελιχθούν ως άνθρωποι και ως επαγγελματίες, ώστε να ανταπεξέλθουν στις μελλοντικές απαιτήσεις ενός ανταγωνιστικού σχολείου. Η εμπλοκή των εκπαιδευτικών στη διαμόρφωση του οράματος μαζί με το διευθυντή είναι αυτό που θα τους δώσει ώθηση και κίνητρα και θα τους παρακινήσει να εργαστούν με μεγαλύτερο ζήλο (Fildler, 1996, Middlewood, 2010).Ο ηγέτης δεν αρκεί να θέτει μόνο τους στόχους της σχολικής μονάδας, αλλά οφείλει να παρακολουθεί διαρκώς την πορεία υλοποίησης τους και φυσικά να αξιολογήσει στο τέλος την επιτυχή ή μη πραγματοποίηση τους. Η επικοινωνία και η συνεργασία στη σχολική μονάδα είναι βασικό συστατικό της αποτελεσματικότητας και της αποδοτικότητας της. Ο διευθυντής μεταδίδει ιδέες και σχέδια με βάση τα οποία θα πραγματοποιηθούν οι στόχοι βραχυπρόθεσμοι ή μακροπρόθεσμοι (Bush, 2008, Fildler, 1996). Η διαφορoποίηση μεταξύ του ηγέτη και του ρόλου του διευθυντή είναι ανασταλτικό στοιχείο στην προσπάθεια ερμηνείας και κατανόησης του θέματος της ηγεσίας στους εκπαιδευτικούς οργανισμούς (Duignan, 1994). Στην εποχή των συνεχόμενων αλλαγών και εξελίξεων, στην οποία η γνώση παλαιώνεται με την ίδια ταχύτητα που δημιουργείται, ο συντονισμός όλων των ενεργειών και του ελέγχου των εμπλεκομένων στη λειτουργία μιας σχολικής μονάδας, αποτελούν μεγάλο στοίχημα για την επίτευξη των στόχων. Ο ρόλος του διευθυντή με ποιοτικά χαρακτηριστικά είναι κομβικής σημασίας στην επίτευξη του παραπάνω σκοπού.
Analysis of data from drones for surveillance and threat identification in maritime areas
Authors: Lampropoulos Fotios 
Published: September 2024

Introduction
Innovative and functional AI Drones (Artificial Intelligence Unmanned Aircraft) systems, commonly known as 'drones', have revolutionized fields such as civil protection, maritime and land surveillance, natural disaster management and threat monitoring in public spaces. More than ever, drones are coming into our daily lives to improve public safety in search and rescue, to identify important information from digital images, video and other visual inputs to take action and increase efficiency in saving lives. . One of the most important applications of drones is in maritime and land surveillance and threat identification, they are used to monitor vast sea areas, detect criminal and criminal activities and prevent any incident in maritime areas. These drones have the ability to move more efficiently than traditional surveillance methods in a short amount of time. In addition, drones equipped with high-resolution sensors and thermal cameras can detect threats such as illegal fishing, oil spills, drownings, lifeboats and other public hazards.
There are many benefits to drones playing key problem-solving roles in various fields such as maritime security, but there are also some individual limitations. One of the most basic constraints is the regulations surrounding the use of smart UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles). In some areas, their use is restricted and requires special permission. In fact, smart UAVs are particularly popular that use artificial intelligence (AI) in real time, allowing rapid data analysis, recording of the marine space which thanks to the artificial intelligence software can perceive the incident, identify objects and provide real-time analytical feedback processing. Artificial intelligence UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) commonly known as "drones" research their approach, helping with positive results in the coordination of prevention of dangerous situations and the mission of search and rescue.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Smart UAV, Real-Time, Object Detection, Deep learning.
Novel methods of treating atopic dermatitis
Authors: Choinka Martyna , Komarów Małgorzata , Wdowiak Natalia , Lissak Karina , Szczepaniak Zuzanna , Konopka Agata , Kalisiak Jakub , Karasińska Dominika 
Published: September 2024

Atopic dermatitis is a long-term inflammatory skin disease caused by factors such as skin barrier dysfunction and immune system dysregulation . Currently, the first-line treatment for atopic dermatitis involves the use of topical glucocorticosteroids; however, this treatment is associated with many side effects. Therefore the need of finding new methods of treatment arises.
Objective: The objective of this study is to gather and analyze literature on new methods of treating atopic dermatitis.
Materials and methods: The review was based on the analysis of materials collected in the database, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Embaseand, Scopus, books and other scientific articles.
Food Insecurity: An Update on Implications for the Dental Team
Authors: Allen Lisa , Yazdi-Doughty Janine , Albadri Sondos 
Published: September 2024

It is estimated that 17% of the UK population experiences food insecurity, with increasing evidence to suggest a direct link with oral health. As such, dental professionals should be prepared to tailor their advice accordingly to support. At time of writing, there is a paucity of information available about food insecurity and oral health, and methods of support for the dental profession. Therefore, this article provides an overview of the concepts of poverty and food insecurity, and their impact on oral health, as well as presenting actionable suggestions for ways in which the dental team can identify and signpost those needing support. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Awareness of the relationship between dental caries and food insecurity is important to be able to provide tailored advice to patients.
A GDP's Guide to Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Bilkhoo Simran Kaur , Rivers Clare , Devlin Mark 
Published: September 2024

General dental practitioners form a vital part of the multidisciplinary team for cleft lip and palate management and their role in treatment and prevention is key to ensuring successful outcomes. This article highlights key dental aspects to be aware of when treating this cohort of patients and summarizes the input of other medical specialties involved in care from birth to adulthood. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Knowledge of the pathway for patients born with cleft lip and palate is fundamental for GDPs.
Miller fisher syndrome with positive anti-GQ1b/GT1a antibodies associated with COVID-19 infection: A case report
Authors: Wei Cheng-Qun , Yu Xuan , Wu Yuan-Yuan , Zhao Qing-Jie 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
Miller fisher syndrome (MFS) is a variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome, an acute immune-mediated peripheral neuropathy that is often secondary to viral infections. Anti-ganglioside antibodies play crucial roles in the development of MFS. The positive rate of ganglioside antibodies is exceptionally high in MFS patients, particularly for anti-GQ1b antibodies. However, the presence of other ganglioside antibodies does not exclude MFS.
CASE SUMMARY
We present a 56-year-old female patient who suddenly developed right blepharoptosis and progressively worsening vision in both eyes. There were flu symptoms prior to onset, and a coronavirus disease 2019 test was positive. On physical examination, the patient exhibited bilateral extraocular muscle paralysis, weakened reflexes in both limbs, and impaired coordination. The cerebrospinal fluid examination results showed no obvious abnormalities. Bilateral peroneal nerve F-waves were not extracted. Serum anti-GD1b IgG and anti-GT1a IgG antibodies were positive. The patient received intravenous methylprednisolone (1000 mg/day), with the dosage gradually decreased. Additionally, intravenous high-dose immunoglobulin treatment was administered for 5 days (0.4 g/kg/day) from day 2 to day 6 of hospitalization. The patient’s symptoms improved after treatment with immunoglobulins and hormones.
CONCLUSION
Positive ganglioside antibodies may be used as supporting evidence for the diagnosis; however, the diagnosis of MFS is more reliant on clinical symptoms.
Blastocystis hominis as a cause of chronic diarrhea in low-resource settings: A systematic review
Authors: Amoak Stephen , Soldera Jonathan 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
Blastocystis hominis (B. hominis ), an anaerobic unicellular protist parasite, is known for its diverse clinical manifestations upon infecting the human gastrointestinal tract. Although globally distributed, it is particularly prevalent in developing nations. Examining the symptoms and treatment outcomes of B. hominis infection in low-resource settings holds immense significance, providing healthcare practitioners with valuable insights to enhance patient care.
AIM
To synthesize existing evidence on the symptomatology and treatment outcomes of B. hominis infection in low-resource settings.
METHODS
Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines, a systematic review was conducted. The search spanned electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. After a comprehensive screening process, a thorough examination of the papers, adhering to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and data extraction from eligible studies was conducted. The findings underwent summarization through simple descriptive analysis.
RESULTS
The search yielded 1200 papers, with 17 meeting inclusion criteria. Chronic diarrhea due to B. hominis infection was reported in only two studies, while abdominal pain, diarrhea, flatulence, constipation, and nausea/vomiting emerged as the most commonly documented symptoms. Recovery rates after one week of treatment ranged from 71.8% to 100%, and after two weeks, from 60% to 100%.
CONCLUSION
In low-resource settings, chronic diarrhea resulting from B. hominis infection is infrequent. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, flatulence, constipation, and nausea/vomiting. Post-treatment, clinical outcomes are notably favorable, supporting the recommendation for treatment. Metronidazole is advocated as the first-line agent, with consideration for switching to a second-line option in cases of treatment failure or poor response.
Role of intestinal ultrasound in ulcerative colitis: A systematic review
Authors: Pal Partha , Mateen Mohammad Abdul , Pooja Kanapuram , Rajadurai Nandhakumar , Gupta Rajesh , Tandan Manu , Duvvuru Nageshwar Reddy 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is an emerging, non-invasive, and highly sensitive diagnostic tool in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC). Despite its potential, its adoption in clinical practice is limited due to a lack of standardization and awareness.
AIM
To perform a comprehensive scoping review based on a systematic literature review on IUS in UC to inform current practice.
METHODS
Ninety-nine original articles about ultrasonography in UC were identified among 7608 citations searching PubMed and EMBASE databases for systematic review.
RESULTS
IUS can be useful as an initial diagnostic strategy in patients with suspected IBD/UC. In UC, IUS can predict endoscopic response, histologic healing, and steroid responsiveness in acute severe cases. IUS can predict response to biologics/small molecules (as early as 2 wk). IUS correlates well with ileo-colonoscopy, but IUS could miss rectal, jejunal, and upper GI lesions in suspected IBD and colon polyps or extra-intestinal manifestations in known IBD. IUS is useful in special situations (children, pregnancy, and postoperative Crohn's disease). Inter-observer agreement is acceptable and trained physicians have comparable diagnostic accuracy. Point-of-care ultrasound impacted management in 40%-60% of cases. Hand-held IUS has excellent agreement with conventional IUS.
CONCLUSION
IUS is a non-invasive, highly sensitive tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of UC, offering excellent patient satisfaction. Point-of-care ultrasound by IBD physicians can significantly impact clinical decision-making.