bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IRE1α‐XBP1s axis regulates SREBP1‐dependent MRP1 expression to promote chemoresistance in non‐small cell lung cancer cells
Authors: Xu Yuzhou , Gui Feng , Zhang Zhe , Chen Zhongyang , Zhang Tiange , Hu Yunhan , Wei Huijun , Fu Yuchen , Chen Xinde , Wu Zhihao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundInositol‐requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐resident transmembrane protein that senses ER stress and mediates an essential arm of the unfolded protein response (UPR). IRE1 reduces ER stress by upregulating the expression of multiple ER chaperones through activation of X‐box‐binding protein 1 (XBP1). Emerging lines of evidence have revealed that IRE1‐XBP1 axis serves as a multipurpose signal transducer during oncogenic transformation and cancer development. In this study, we explore how IRE1‐XBP1 signaling promotes chemoresistance in lung cancer.MethodsThe expression patterns of UPR components and MRP1 were examined by Western blot. qRT‐PCR was employed to determine RNA expression. The promoter activity was determined by luciferase reporter assay. Chemoresistant cancer cells were analyzed by viability, apoptosis. CUT & Tag (Cleavage under targets and tagmentation)‐qPCR analysis was used for analysis of DNA‐protein interaction.ResultsHere we show that activation of IRE1α‐XBP1 pathway leads to an increase in MDR‐related protein 1 (MRP1) expression, which facilitates drug extrusion and confers resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapy. At the molecular level, XBP1‐induced c‐Myc is necessary for SREBP1 expression, and SREBP1 binds to the MRP1 promoter to directly regulate its transcription.ConclusionsWe conclude that IRE1α‐XBP1 had important role in chemoresistance and appears to be a novel prognostic marker for lung cancer.
Advanced imaging for earlier diagnosis and morbidity prevention in multiple myeloma: A British Society of Haematology and UK Myeloma Society Good Practice Paper
Authors: Kaiser Martin , Goh Vicky , Stern Simon , Spencer Nicholas , Rabin Neil , Ramasamy Karthik , Lawless Sarah , Soutar Richard , Ashcroft John , Pratt Guy , Messiou Christina , Bygrave Ceri ,   the BSH Committee
Published: September 2024

SummaryThis Good Practice Paper provides recommendations for the use of advanced imaging for earlier diagnosis and morbidity prevention in multiple myeloma. It describes how advanced imaging contributes to optimal healthcare resource utilisation by in newly diagnosed and relapsed myeloma, and provides a perspective on future directions of myeloma imaging, including machine learning assisted reporting.
Healthcare professionals' knowledge and attitudes towards polygenic risk testing for glaucoma
Authors: Hollitt Georgina L. , Keane Miriam C. , Nguyen Thi T. , Hassall Mark M. , Siggs Owen M. , Craig Jamie E. , Souzeau Emmanuelle 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundEffective clinical implementation of polygenic risk testing for glaucoma relies on healthcare professionals' attitudes and knowledge of the test. Given the emerging applications of the test, it will likely impact a range of healthcare professionals and will require competency in polygenic risk scores concepts for all those involved in patient care. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess healthcare professionals' views towards polygenic testing for glaucoma.MethodsAn online cross‐sectional questionnaire was distributed to healthcare professionals via relevant professional organisations in Australia. The questionnaire assessed experience and confidence with genetic testing, glaucoma and genetic knowledge, recommendations for the tests, and factors affecting the decision.ResultsA total of 94 participants completed the questionnaire. The sample was composed of ophthalmologists (36%), optometrists (21%), orthoptists (17%), general practitioners (16%) and clinical geneticists/genetic counsellors (10%). Although familiarity with polygenic risk scores for glaucoma was low overall (11%), the majority reported a positive attitude towards recommending testing based on known risk factors such as family history (91%) and older age (57%). Over 95% indicated that ophthalmologists would be the most appropriate group to order polygenic risk testing and communicate results. The majority felt they would benefit from more training on polygenic risk scores (93%).ConclusionsOur findings indicated that multiple groups of healthcare professionals were neither familiar nor confident with the concept of glaucoma polygenic risk testing, and identified training and education needs to support the implementation of testing into clinical practice.
Creating a more inclusive approach to wildlife trade management
Authors: Hinsley Amy , Hughes Alice , Margulies Jared 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGlobal wildlife trade involves a diverse array of species. Although sustainable trade underpins livelihoods for communities worldwide, unsustainable trade, whether legal or illegal, threatens thousands of species and can lead to extinctions. From plants and fungi to fish, amphibians, mammals, invertebrates, and reptiles, a diverse array of species across taxa are affected by trade. Attention to wildlife trade has increased in recent years, but its focus has largely remained on a narrow range of high‐profile species, with taxa deemed less charismatic frequently overlooked, despite some having significant trade volumes and levels of threat to wild populations. These biases can hamper effective policy interventions, reduce awareness of wider threats from trade, and prevent conservation efforts from focusing on the most pressing issues. It is important to broaden the scope of research and policy discussions and create a more inclusive approach to trade management. The diversity of approaches to wildlife trade can be improved by expanding monitoring of trade to a wider variety of taxa; collecting fundamental ecological data to underpin assessments of trade sustainability; improving and codesigning conservation interventions with key stakeholders and trade actors; and developing appropriate strategies for managing the supply, trade, and demand in diverse wildlife products to ensure species and livelihoods are protected.
Refuge identification as a climate adaptation strategy to promote fish persistence during drought
Authors: Walters Annika W. , Clancy Niall G. , Archdeacon Thomas P. , Yu Songyan , Rogosch Jane S. , Rieger Elizabeth A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractClimate change is leading to global increases in extreme events, such as drought, that threaten the persistence of freshwater biodiversity. Identification and management of drought refuges, areas that promote resistance and resilience to drought, will be critical for preserving and recovering aquatic biodiversity in the face of climate change and increasing human water use. Although several reviews have addressed the effects of droughts and highlighted the role of refuges, a need remains on how to identify functional refuges that can be used in a drought management framework to support fish assemblages. We synthesize literature on drought refuges and propose a framework to identify and manage functional refuges that incorporate species physiological tolerances, behaviours and life‐history strategies. Stream pools, perennial reaches and off‐channel habitat were identified as important drought refuges for fish. The ability of refuges to improve species resistance and resilience to drought requires careful consideration of the biology of the target species and targeted management to promote persistence, quality and connectivity of refuges. Case studies illustrate that management of drought refuges can be challenging because of competing demands for water, incomplete knowledge of ecological requirements for target species and the increasing occurrence of multi‐year droughts. Climate adaptation is increasingly important, and drought refuges can increase fish resistance and resilience to climate‐related drought across the riverscape.
Aligning Audience Needs with Scientists’ Information in the Complex Harmful Algal Bloom Outreach to Engagement Continuum
Authors: Clites Erica , Triezenberg Heather , Doberneck Diane 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAlgae, an important foundation of aquatic ecosystems, can become a nuisance or harmful when it grows in excess. Many government agencies have a role in monitoring, responding to, and confirming a harmful algal bloom (HAB). HAB scientists have important information to share, however, given the complexities of HABs, which often involve decoupled drivers from observed impacts, presents challenges to outreach and engagement. Understanding key audience information needs can help scientists prioritize key science communication and engagement opportunities to maximize the impact of such efforts. Scientists may need additional science communication training or support for scientist‐community partnerships. This will be evermore important into the future with the likely range expansion of HABs due to climate change.
Real‐life effectiveness and safety of baricitinib in patients with severe alopecia areata: A 24‐week Italian study
Authors: Piraccini B. M. , Pampaloni F. , Cedirian S. , Quadrelli F. , Bruni F. , Rapparini L. , Caro G. , Acri M. C. , Ala L. , Rossi A. , Pellacani G. , Lacarrubba F. , Micali G. , Dall'Oglio F. , Vastarella M. , Cantelli M. , Nappa P. , Diluvio L. , Bianchi L. , Gnesotto L. , Sechi A. , Naldi L. , Tassone F. , Peris K. , Caldarola G. , Pinto L. M. , Girolomoni G. , Marangoni F. , Bellinato F. , Gisondi P. , Scandagli I. , Prignano F. , Pimpinelli N. , Tomasini C. , Barruscotti S. , De Simoni E. , Simonetti O. , Ambrogio F. , Foti C. , Boccaletti V. , Fraghì A. , Marzano A. V. , Mattioli M. A. , Rocca L. , Barbareschi M. , Ferrucci S. M. , Gallo G. , Ribero S. , Quaglino P. , Balestri R. , Ioris T. , Caposiena Caro R. D. , Zalaudek I. , Vagnozzi E. , Fargnoli M. C. , Caponio C. , Rubegni P. , Cinotti E. , Trovato E. , Romanelli M. , Dini V. , Manzo Margiotta F. , Feliciani C. , de Felici del Giudice M. B. , Atzori L. , Sanna S. , Lembo S. , Raimondo A. , Magnano M. , Starace M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlopecia areata is an autoimmune condition characterized by rapid hair loss in the scalp, eyebrows and eyelashes, for which treatments are limited. Baricitinib, an oral inhibitor of Janus kinases 1 and 2, has been recently approved to treat alopecia areata.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study involving 23 medical centres across Italy, enrolling patients affected by severe alopecia areata (SALT >50), for more than 6 months. Clinical and trichoscopic assessment was performed at each visit and impact on quality of life, anxiety and depression were evaluated using the Skindex‐16 and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), respectively.ResultsA total of 118 patients were enrolled, with a mean age of 39 years and a mean SALT >95. The mean value of the SALT score decreased from an average of 96.6 (±8.23 sd) to 48 (±35.2 sd) after 24 weeks of treatment and 42.3% of patients achieved a SALT 30, 31.3% a SALT 20 and 20.3% a SALT 10 by Week 24. Trichoscopic signs showed fewer yellow dots and black dots significantly earlier than hair regrowth. Adverse events during the treatment period (mild laboratory test abnormalities) were reported in 12.7% patients. No drop‐out were registered.ConclusionData on the effectiveness and safety of baricitinib are promising and support the use of this drug in severe forms of AA, also in the early stages. We also suggest performing trichoscopy in order to reveal early response to therapy.
Butterflies, bumblebees and hoverflies are equally effective pollinators of Knautia arvensis (Caprifoliaceae), a generalist plant species with compound inflorescences
Authors: Ollerton Jeff , Coulthard Emma , Tarrant Sam , Woolford James , Jorge Leonardo Ré , Rech André Rodrigo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPlant‐pollinator interactions exist along a continuum from complete specialisation to highly generalised, that may vary in time and space. A long‐held assumption is that large bees are usually the most effective pollinators of generalist plants. We tested this by studying the relative importance of different groups of pollinators of Knautia arvensis (L.) Coult. (Caprifoliaceae: Dipsacoideae). This plant is suitable for such a study because it attracts a diversity of flower visitors, belonging to different functional groups. We asked whether all functional groups of pollinators are equally effective, or if one group is most effective, which has been documented in other species with apparently generalised pollination systems. We studied two subpopulations of K. arvensis, one at low and one at high density in Northampton, UK. To assess pollinator importance we exposed unvisited inflorescences to single visits by different groups of pollinators (butterflies, bumblebees, hoverflies and others) and assessed the proportion of pollinated stigmas. We then multiplied the effectiveness of each pollinator group with their proportional visitation frequency in five different years. For each group we also compared time spent on flowers and flight distance between visits. The relative importance of each pollinator group varied between years, as did their flight distances between flower visits. Butterflies were the best pollinators on a per visit basis (in terms of the proportion of stigmas pollinated) and flew further after visiting an inflorescence. Different measures and proxies of pollinator effectiveness varied between taxa, subpopulations, and years, and no one group of pollinators was consistently more effective than the others. Our results demonstrate the adaptive value of generalised pollination strategies when variation in relative abundance of different types of pollinators is considered. Such strategies may have buffered the ability of plants to reproduce during past periods of environmental change and may do so in the future.
Market Regulation, Cycles, and Growth Dynamics in a Monetary Union
Authors: ABBRITTI MIRKO , WEBER SEBASTIAN 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe build a two‐country currency union dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model with endogenous growth to assess the role of product market regulation (PMR) and labor market regulation (LMR) for growth and the adjustment to shocks. We show that with endogenous growth, there is no reason to expect real income convergence. Large shocks can lead to permanent changes of output and real exchange rates. Differences are exacerbated by different PMR and LMR. Less regulated economies have higher trend growth and recover faster from negative shocks. Results are consistent with higher inflation, lower employment, and disappointing total factor productivity (TFP) growth rates experienced in more regulated euro area members.
Preparation and In Vitro Evaluation of Protective Effects of Quercetin‐Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles on Human Hair Against UV‐B Radiation
Authors: Salimi Anayatollah , Makhmalzadeh Behzad Sharif , Salahshoori Mandana 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of quercetin loaded on solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) in protecting human hair from ultraviolet‐B (UV‐B) light in vitro.MethodsIn this study, solvent‐emulsified diffusion method was used to fabricate nanoparticle formulations and then particle size, loading, and drug release tests were performed from different formulations. Variables include oily part proportion, liquid to solid oil part ratio, and surfactant to lipid ratio. The optimal formulation was prepared by examining the eight formulations and optimizing them. Six groups of hair with different treatments were exposed to UV light for 600 h and the changes were investigated by examining four factors: RMS (root mean square average, the microscopic profile peaks and valleys), peak to valley roughness, the amount of chemical changes by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the amount of protein loss.ResultsThe selected formulation had a suitable particle size, loading percent, and release rate for penetration to hair. Quercetin‐loaded SLN controlled RMS factor, peak to valley roughness, and reduced chemical changes and protein loss compared to other treatments.ConclusionThe optimize formulation showed positive effects in protecting the hair strands from UV‐B radiation.
Constructing the “Family Personality”: Can Family Functioning Be Linked to Parent–Child Interpersonal Neural Synchronization?
Authors: Thompson Khalil I. , Schneider Clayton J. , Rocha‐Hidalgo Joscelin , Jeyaram Shri , Mata‐Centeno Bedilia , Furtado Emily , Vachhani Shreeja , Pérez‐Edgar Koraly , Perlman Susan B. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionEarly child development occurs within an interactive environment, initially dominated by parents or caregivers, and is heavily influenced by the dynamics of this social context. The current study probed the neurobiology of “family personality”, or family functioning, in the context of parent–child dyadic interaction using a two‐person neuroimaging modality.MethodsOne hundred and five parent–child dyads (child mean age 5 years 4 months) were recruited. Functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning was employed to measure neural synchrony while dyads completed a mildly stressful interactive task. Family functioning was measured through the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale IV (FACES‐IV).ResultsSynchrony during stress was significantly greater than synchrony during both baseline and recovery conditions for all dyads. A significant interaction between neural synchrony in each task condition and familial balanced flexibility was found, such that higher levels of balanced flexibility were associated with greater changes in frontal cortex neural synchrony as dyads progressed through the three task conditions.DiscussionParent–child dyads from families who display heightened levels of balanced flexibility are also more flexible in their engagement of neural synchrony when shifting between social conditions. This is one of the first studies to utilize a two‐person imaging modality to explore the links between family functioning and interbrain synchrony between parents and their children.
The empirical evidence of digital trends in more disadvantaged European Union regions in terms of income and population density
Authors: Garashchuk Anna , Isla‐Castillo Fernando , Podadera‐Rivera Pablo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRemote rural and postindustrial regions are much more vulnerable to population drain in comparison with industrialized centers and capitals, due to obvious reasons such as meager job opportunities, difficulties in accessing public services in education, healthcare and transport, housing, entertainment, lack of integration with other territories and, finally, less advanced levels of digitalization. This represents an open challenge for the European Union within the framework of its Cohesion Policy. This paper analyzes the impact of digital trends, represented by the percentage of the population with access to internet and broadband and the percentage of individuals who buy goods and internet services (percentages provided by Eurostat) in less populated EU NUTS2 regions with lower income, on the crude population growth rate composed of natural changes in population and migratory flows and on the unemployment rate by applying panel data analysis. It has been possible to confirm that digitalization has a positive impact on natural changes in population in EU regions with lower economic development. On the contrary, the unemployment rate does not affect natural changes in population, but it does have a negative impact on migratory flows. The findings show that digitalization may contribute to reversing negative demographic trends in more disadvantaged EU regions in terms of income and population density.
Impact of Pressing Time on the Microstructure of Two Types of Goat Cheeses and Its Relationship With Sensory Attributes
Authors: Cabal‐Prieto Adán , Sánchez‐Arellano Lucía , Herrera‐Corredor José Andrés , Oney‐Montalvo Julio Enrique , Can‐Herrera Luis Alfonso , Castillo‐Zamudio Rosa Isela , Hernández‐Arzaba Juan Cristóbal , Rodríguez‐Miranda Jesús , Prinyawiwatkul Witoon , Valdivia‐Sánchez Jasiel , Hernández‐Chaparro Norma Leticia , Ramírez‐Rivera Emmanuel de Jesús 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to study the impact of pressing time on the microstructure of goat cheese and its relationship with sensory attributes. The microstructure of the artisanal cheeses was performed by scanning electron microscopy and image analysis. The validation of the microstructural complexity was carried out experimentally with sensory attributes. The pressing time influenced the microstructural parameters Feretmax, Geodiam, and τ and the cheese type influenced the parameters Feretmax, Geodiam, and Geoelong. The correlation values between microstructural complexity and sensory attributes were 0.85 and 0.84 for fresh cheeses and matured cheeses, respectively. The pressure times of 12 and 18 h resulted in cheese microstructures with the highest complexity in terms of Feretmax, Geodiam, Geoelong, and τ parameters. The obtained results are supported by the correlation values between microstructural complexity and sensory attributes.
Repeatome evolution across space and time: Unravelling repeats dynamics in the plant genus Erythrostemon Klotzsch (Leguminosae Juss)
Authors: Castro Natália , Vilela Bruno , Mata‐Sucre Yennifer , Marques André , Gagnon Edeline , Lewis Gwilym P. , Costa Lucas , Souza Gustavo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFluctuations in genomic repetitive fractions (repeatome) are known to impact several facets of evolution, such as ecological adaptation and speciation processes. Therefore, investigating the divergence of repetitive elements can provide insights into an important evolutionary force. However, it is not clear how the different repetitive element clades are impacted by the different factors such as ecological changes and/or phylogeny. To discuss this, we used the Neotropical legume genus Erythrostemon (Caesalpinioideae) as a model, given its ancient origin (~33 Mya), lineage‐specific niche conservatism, macroecological heterogeneity, and disjunct distribution in Meso‐ and South American (MA and SA respectively) lineages. We performed a comparative repeatomic analysis of 18 Erythrostemon species to test the impact of environmental variables over repeats diversification. Overall, repeatome composition was diverse, with high abundances of satDNAs and Ty3/gypsy‐Tekay transposable elements, predominantly in the MA and SA lineages respectively. However, unexpected repeatome profiles unrelated to the phylogeny/biogeography were found in a few MA (E. coccineus, E. pannosus and E. placidus) and SA (E. calycinus) species, related to reticulate evolution and incongruence between nuclear and plastid topology, suggesting ancient hybridizations. The plesiomorphic Tekay and satDNA pattern was altered in the MA‐sensu stricto subclade with a striking genomic differentiation (expansion of satDNA and retraction of Tekay) associated with the colonization of a new environment in Central America around 20 Mya. Our data reveal that the current species‐specific Tekay pool was the result of two bursts of amplification probably in the Miocene, with distinct patterns for the MA and SA repeatomes. This suggests a strong role of the Tekay elements as modulators of the genome–environment interaction in Erythrostemon, providing macroevolutionary insights about mechanisms of repeatome differentiation and plant diversification across space and time.