bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Neurologists Know About Outcome in Post-Resuscitation Coma and What Other Physicians Want to Know
Authors: Wijdicks Eelco F. M. , Rabinstein Alejandro A. , Hocker Sara E. , Fugate Jennifer E. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Important principles in the prognostication of any patient with acute brain injury include assessing the severity of brain injury, understanding the mechanism of injury, allowing appropriate time for assessment, and excluding confounders. Targeted temperature management is used to manage comatose patients after cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and it has introduced new confounders with the neurological examination. Neurological prognostication, discussed in this chapter, should thus be neurocritical care terrain. Poor prognosis can be expected in patients with absence of pupillary light responses, corneal reflexes, and an extensor or absent motor response, or myoclonus status epilepticus. Sedative medications can abolish corneal reflexes and motor responses to noxious stimulation. Their confounding effects need careful judgment. Bilateral absence of cortical (N20) responses is a very reliable indicator of poor prognosis, but only discriminates the worst cases of anoxic brain injury. Documented discrete electrographic seizures may need treatment, but the value of aggressive antiepileptic treatment for generalized epileptiform discharges or burst suppression in anoxic-ischemic brain injury is uncertain.
Oxygen abundance determination of B-type stars with the O i 7771–5 Å lines
Authors: Takeda Yoichi , Honda Satoshi 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Oxygen abundances of 34 B-type stars in the effective temperature range of Teff ∼ 10000–28000 K with diversified rotational velocities (vesin i ∼ 0–250 km s−1) were determined from the O i triplet lines at 7771–5 Å, with an aim of examining whether this O i feature can be a reliable abundance indicator for such high-temperature stars including rapid rotators. It revealed that the required non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) abundance correction is distinctly large (ranging from ∼−0.6 dex to ∼−1.7 dex) and its consideration is indispensable. On the condition that the non-LTE effect is taken into account, this triplet is a useful O abundance indicator (with a precision of ≲ 0.2 dex) up to Teff ≲ 25000 K, since its total equivalent width is sufficiently large ( ≳ 200 mÅ). In contrast, it is not adequate for abundance derivation for stars at Teff ≳ 25000 K, where its strength rapidly drops down toward a hardly detectable level (except for sharp-lined stars) and its sensitivity to Teff or log g becomes considerably large. The resulting non-LTE oxygen abundances turned out to be almost normal (i.e., near-solar around ∼8.7–8.8 within ∼±0.2 dex) for most stars without any dependence upon projected rotational velocity as well as luminosity (or mass), which is consistent with the prediction of recent stellar evolution calculations.
SXDF–ALMA 2-arcmin2 deep survey: 1.1-mm number counts
Authors: Hatsukade Bunyo , Kohno Kotaro , Umehata Hideki , Aretxaga Itziar , Caputi Karina I. , Dunlop James S. , Ikarashi Soh , Iono Daisuke , Ivison Rob J. , Lee Minju , Makiya Ryu , Matsuda Yuichi , Motohara Kentaro , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Ohta Kouji , Tadaki Ken-ich , Tamura Yoichi , Wang Wei-Hao , Wilson Grant W. , Yamaguchi Yuki , Yun Min S. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
We report 1.1-mm number counts revealed with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in the Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Survey Field (SXDF). The advent of ALMA enables us to reveal millimeter-wavelength number counts down to the faint end without source confusion. However, previous studies are based on the ensemble of serendipitously detected sources in fields originally targeting different sources and could be biased due to the clustering of sources around the targets. We derive number counts in the flux range of 0.2–2 mJy by using 23 (≥4σ) sources detected in a continuous 2.0-arcmin2 area of the SXDF. The number counts are consistent with previous results within errors, suggesting that the counts derived from serendipitously detected sources are not significantly biased, although there could be field-to-field variation due to the small survey area. By using the best-fitting function of the number counts, we find that ∼40% of the extragalactic background light at 1.1 mm is resolved at S1.1mm &gt; 0.2 mJy.
Acute Focal Bacterial Nephritis Associated With Central Nervous System Manifestations
Authors: Kasuga Yuki , Fuchigami Tatsuo , Fukuda Ayumi , Takahashi Satoko , Murai Takemi , Yonezawa Ryuuta , Miyashita Michio , Kohira Ryutaro , Fujita Yukihiko , Takahashi Shori 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAcute focal bacterial nephritis (AFBN) is a localized bacterial infection of the kidney presenting as an inflammatory mass without frank abscess formation. In children, most patients with AFBN present with nonspecific conditions, such as fever, vomiting, and abdominal pain. A small number of reported cases are accompanied by neurological symptoms, including meningeal irritation, unconsciousness, and seizures. We experienced 2 rare cases of AFBN associated with central nervous system lesions. The first case was a 3-year-old girl who had neurological symptoms, including unconsciousness and seizures, with AFBN associated with acute reversible encephalopathy. The second case was a 5-year-old girl who had neurological symptoms, including unconsciousness, with AFBN accompanied by clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion.
Alemtuzumab as Antirejection Therapy
Authors: Bouvy Anne P. , Klepper Mariska , Betjes Michiel G.H. , Weimar Willem , Hesselink Dennis A. , Baan Carla C. 
Published: May 2016

Background
Alemtuzumab induction therapy in kidney transplant patients results in T cell depletion followed by slow immune reconstitution of memory T cells with reduced immune functions. The kinetics and functional characteristics of T cell reconstitution when alemtuzumab is given during immune activation, ie, as antirejection therapy, are unknown.

Methods
Patients (n = 12) with glucocorticoid-resistant or severe vascular kidney transplant rejection were treated with alemtuzumab. Flow cytometric analysis was performed on whole blood to measure cell division by the marker Ki-67, and cytokine responsiveness by IL-2–mediated and IL-7–mediated phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 of T cells before and during the first year after rejection therapy.

Results
At 1 year after alemtuzumab antirejection therapy, the total T cell population recovered to baseline level. Repopulation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was associated with increased percentages of Ki-67+ proliferating T cells (P < 0.05). In addition, both populations showed a phenotypic shift toward relatively more memory T cells (P < 0.01). At the functional level, IL-7 reactivity of CD4+ memory T cells was diminished, reflected by a decreased capacity to phosphorylate signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 during the first 6 months after alemtuzumab treatment (P < 0.05), whereas reactivity to IL-2 was preserved. CD8+ T cells were affected in terms of both IL-2 and IL-7 responses (both P < 0.05). After reconstitution, relatively more regulatory T cells were present, and a relatively high proportion of Ki-67+ T cells was observed.

Conclusions
Preliminary data from this small series suggest that alemtuzumab antirejection therapy induces homeostatic proliferation of memory and regulatory T cells with diminished responsiveness to the homeostatic cytokine IL-7. IL-2 responsiveness was affected in repopulated CD8+ T cells.
A cross-package Bioconductor workflow for analysing methylation array data
Authors: Maksimovic Jovana , Phipson Belinda , Oshlack Alicia 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMethylation in the human genome is known to be associated with development and disease. The Illumina Infinium methylation arrays are by far the most common way to interrogate methylation across the human genome. This paper provides a Bioconductor workflow using multiple packages for the analysis of methylation array data. Specifically, we demonstrate the steps involved in a typical differential methylation analysis pipeline including: quality control, filtering, normalization, data exploration and statistical testing for probe-wise differential methylation. We further outline other analyses such as differential methylation of regions, differential variability analysis, estimating cell type composition and gene ontology testing. Finally, we provide some examples of how to visualise methylation array data.
Late mitochondrial origin is pure artefact
Authors: Martin William F. , Roettger Mayo , Ku Chuan , Garg Sriram G. , Nelson-Sathi Shijulal , Landan Giddy 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPittis and Gabaldón1recently claimed that the mitochondrion came late in eukaryotic evolution, following an earlier phase of evolution in which the eukaryotic host lineage acquired genes from bacteria. Here we show that their paper has multiple fatal flaws founded in inappropriate statistical methods and analyses, in addition to erroneous interpretations.
Impact of service failure severity and agreeableness on consumer switchover intention
Authors: Riaz Zeeshan , Khan Muhammad Ishfaq 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the asymmetric impact of service failure severity and agreeableness on consumer switchover intention with the mediating role of consumer forgiveness in the aftermath of service failure.

Design/methodology/approach
– In total, 364 university students were given a hypothetical service failure situation and their response was collected through a standardized questionnaire. Multiple regression and Preacher and Hayes (2004) mediation analysis tests were conducted to analyze data.

Findings
– The findings reveal that service failure severity has a direct positive impact on switchover intention and it also has an indirect impact on switchover intention through consumer forgiveness which it tends to weaken. On the other side, agreeableness has a direct negative impact on switchover intention, and it inhibits switchover intention indirectly too by stimulating forgiveness.

Research limitations/implications
– A cross-sectional study involving convenience sampling has been conducted through self-report measures. Generalization of the research findings shall therefore be done with caution.

Practical implications
– Severity of failure hampers forgiveness and therefore service managers should check factors that may challenge the tolerance level of consumers. While gauging satisfaction in post failure scenario, it is equally important to gauge consumer forgiveness.

Originality/value
– This study is among the initial endeavors to explore forgiveness in service failures context. Also it is the first validation of a direct positive relationship between agreeableness and forgiveness in a South Asian country.
Effects of quality management on hospitality performance in different contexts
Authors: Llach Josep , Alonso-Almeida Maria Del Mar , Martí Jordi , Rocafort Alfredo 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is threefold: first, to test the role of the managerial team’s commitment to quality deployment, quality performance and firm performance; second, to shed light on the effects of a certified quality management system on this chain; and third, to analyze the effects of changes in this chain on different management team attitudes, namely, innovativeness.

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on a survey conducted in a sample of 370 hotels from the region of Madrid (Spain), the model and hypotheses were validated using structural equation modeling analysis.

Findings
– The results reveal the importance of a commitment to quality for quality deployment. In addition, quality deployment has a strong impact on operations and employee and customer performance. However, only impacts derived from customers’ perceptions of service quality affect firm performance. In addition, a contextual analysis was performed to verify whether various contextual factors (certification in a quality management standard and the innovative attitude of the management team) could modify the previously obtained results for the full sample.

Practical implications
– The management team should understand that its attitude toward quality management could affect the company’s overall performance. On the one hand, the team should be aware that the cost of implementing quality practices could be a burden for employees in the performance of their daily activities. On the other hand, there is a positive relationship between involvement in addressing customers’ requirements and financial performance. Therefore, a balance between the efforts to maintain a certain level of quality by the firm’s employees and the service quality offered to the customers is crucial to achieving better financial performance.

Originality/value
– The impact of the implementation of quality management practices on performance has been widely studied; however, the role of intangible factors has not been commonly discussed in service industries in general and even less so in the hospitality sector. This paper analyses the influence of the quality management team’s attitudes toward innovativeness and the implementation of a quality management standard.
Six Sigma enablers in Mexican manufacturing companies: a proposed model
Authors: Tlapa Diego , Limon Jorge , García-Alcaraz Jorge L , Baez Yolanda , Sánchez Cuauhtémoc 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to extend the understanding of Six Sigma (SS) and the underlying dimensions of its critical success factors (CSF) via an analysis of the effects of top management support (TMS), implementation strategy (IS), and collaborative team (CT) on project performance (PP) in Mexican manufacturing companies.Design/methodology/approach– Based on a SS literature review, a survey was conducted to capture practitioners’ viewpoints about CSFs for SS implementation and their impact on performance in manufacturing companies. A factor analysis and structural equation modeling were conducted in order to identify and analyze causal relationships.Findings– The results suggest that CSFs grouped in the constructs TMS, IS, and CT have a positive impact on PP as measured by cost reduction, variation reduction, and quality improvement.Research limitations/implications– Although the empirical data collected supported the proposed model, results might differ among organizations in different countries. In addition, the study did not analyze a unique performance metric; instead, general PP dimensions were used.Practical implications– Boosting the TMS, IS, and CT enhances positive PP of SS in manufacturing companies.Originality/value– IS as a construct has not been studied exhaustively; this work contributes to a better understanding of it and its impact on PP. Additionally, studies of SS in Latin America are limited, so this study gives a complementary vision to practitioners and researchers about it.
Comprehensive management practices and policies performance model
Authors: Medlin Bobby , Green Kenneth W. , Wright Alan D. 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of a specific set of management practices and policies and policies (organizational behavior modification, the management principles, and the management process) on human resource outcomes and on individual employee performance. A comprehensive management practices and policies performance model is theorized and empirically assessed.Design/methodology/approach– Data collected from a sample of full-time employees working in the Southern USA are analyzed using a partial least squares/structural equation modeling methodology.Findings– Considering the direct and indirect links among the constructs the authors conclude the following: organizational behavior modification, the management principles, and the management process combine to improve organizational commitment and job satisfaction; organizational commitment and job satisfaction combine to improve employee engagement and workplace optimism; and employee engagement and workplace optimism combine to enhance individual performance.Research limitations/implications– The model tested reflects the synergy created though the implementation of the management practices and policies and policies and the impact of that synergy on human resource outcomes and individual employee performance. This is the first assessment of this comprehensive model. Replication and verification of the model are suggested.Practical implications– Practitioners are provided with a framework for assessing the synergistic impact of the management practices and policies on human resource outcomes and individual employee performance. The theorized model and results provide practicing managers with a blueprint for the systematic implementation of the management practices and policies.Originality/value– A comprehensive management practices and policies performance model is proposed and empirically assessed. The results support the proposition that implementation of the management practices and policies leads to improved human resource outcomes and individual employee performance.
Leadership behaviours and capabilities in Syria: an exploratory qualitative approach
Authors: Megheirkouni Majd 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to understand the nature of leadership development in Syria, by answering specific research questions: what are the types of leadership behaviours and capabilities adopted by companies operating in Syria? And why are they adopted?Design/methodology/approach– Qualitative research method has been adopted to achieve the aim of this study.Findings– The findings revealed that the leadership behaviours and capabilities required for business environment in Syria include strategic thinking, business skills, communication, understanding the whole, ability to change, teamwork, self-awareness, decision making/problem solving, and adaptability.Research limitations/implications– Research data has been collected in an unstable environment because of what was called the Arab Spring, so this affected not only the participants, but also how they respond to each question. Additionally, only the for-profit sector was involved in the study because of its flexibility, lack of bureaucracy, and application of leadership development.Practical implications– The paper explores the major leadership behaviours and capabilities utilised and their purposes, as well as more broadly for designers who are attempting to develop leadership in the Syrian context.Originality/value– The study offers data and interpretation of a specific non-Western context on which foundation further studies in the Middle Eastern context can be developed.
Differences in treatment approach between ethnic groups
Authors: Sizmur Steve , McCulloch Andrew 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– The mental health experience of people from ethnic minorities differs from that of the majority, including differential access to services and treatments. The 2014 National Health Service (NHS) Community Mental Health survey gathered data from 13,787 individuals in 57 NHS trusts in England, providing one means of monitoring such experience. The purpose of this paper is to analyse survey variables describing treatments offered to respondents for evidence of differential access or treatment experiences associated with ethnicity.Design/methodology/approach– Secondary analysis of survey data. Proportions for target variables were modelled using multilevel logit models. Ethnic background, age and gender were entered as independent variables.Findings– Respondents in most minority groups were more likely to be on the care programme approach (CPA) to provision than white British respondents and less likely to report receiving psychological treatments. Unmet need for psychological treatment was relatively high in certain Asian groups. Medication use was consistently high across respondents, but differences by ethnic background were evident.Research limitations/implications– The study was dependent on existing survey data of a relatively limited nature, and potentially subject to non-response bias. The survey excludes users of certain types of service, giving an incomplete cross-section.Originality/value– This represents a novel use of the data from the Community Mental Health survey, and complements evidence from a range of other sources. The findings mostly concur with other evidence but provide important new data in relation to medication, unmet needs in psychotherapy and use of the CPA. They remain suggestive of the complex nature of discrimination and/or unequal access and treatment in mental health services.
The Delphi method: methodological issues arising from a study examining factors influencing the publication or non-publication of mental health nursing research
Authors: Flanagan Tracy , Ashmore Russell , Banks David , MacInnes Doug 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to describe how the classic Delphi method can be adapted and structured to ensure that specific research questions are clearly addressed.Design/methodology/approach– As part of a larger mixed method project, a modified Delphi study was undertaken to explore factors influencing publication and non-publication of mental health nursing research.Findings– This paper reports brief findings from the Delphi study. However, its main focus is the methodological issues arising from the Delphi method.Research limitations/implications– The paper argues that the classic Delphi method can be adapted and structured to ensure that specific research questions are able to be clearly answered. The adaptations are pragmatic in approach and in keeping with the general principles underpinning the Delphi method, while successfully addressing the problems of attrition and previous criticism of homogenous panels.Originality/value– This paper offers some practical solutions to issue arising from undertaking research using the Delphi method.
Online sustainability information in European local governments
Authors: Tirado-Valencia Pilar , Rodero-Cosano Mª Luisa , Ruiz-Lozano Mercedes , Rios-Berjillos Araceli 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to propose an analytical model that shows causal relationships between the amount and nature of information on strategies and the governance of city councils, as well as the contents of different dimensions of sustainability that are disclosed on the websites of local governments in big European cities. This model could reveal if the information is disseminated in a homogeneous and coordinated way and could improve the quality of the information, its coherence and its comparability.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors have designed a questionnaire with 75 variables from the Global Reporting Initiative proposal to specify information disclosed on sustainability. The level of information about each of these variables has been gathered by consulting the contents published on the websites of the 142 local governments in the sample. Finally the authors propose a model about the cause-effect relationships between the amount and nature of the information in different dimensions of sustainability on the websites of large cities’ local governments based on the structural equation modelling methodology.

Findings
– The model obtained reveals that there is coherence in the sustainability information disclosed by large European cities on their websites. However, it is demonstrated that the relations between the amount of information about strategies and the dissemination of information on each of the dimensions of sustainability (economic, social and environmental) do not have the same intensity.

Originality/value
– The proposed model can be useful as a reference framework to structure online information supplied in a balanced and comprehensive way. This conceptual model can suggest ways for sustainable improvements based on the experience of analysed local governments.