bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of sodium alginate inhibitor addition on the corrosion protection performance of AZ91D magnesium alloy in NaCl solution
Authors: Li Yan , Ba Zhi Xin , Li Yong Liang , Ge Yan , Zhu Xi Chang 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the inhibition effect of sodium silicate (SS), sodium alginate (SA) and sodium tungstate (ST) on the corrosion behavior of AZ91D magnesium alloy in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution through polarization curve test at room temperature, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and weight loss measurement.

Design/methodology/approach
The influence of SA concentration on the inhibition efficiency of the corrosion inhibitor was mainly analyzed. The corrosion morphology and inhibition mechanism of the samples were also analyzed with scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy.

Findings
The results show that with the increase of SA concentration, the corrosion inhibition first increases and then decreases. When SA concentration is 0.03 mol/L, the inhibition efficiency is the highest, reaching 98 per cent. The adsorption film formed by SA and other deposition films produce a synergistic effect on the improvement of corrosion resistance of AZ91D magnesium alloy.

Originality/value
The adsorption film formed by SA with other deposition films produces a synergistic effect on the improvement of corrosion resistance of AZ91D magnesium alloy. With the increase of SA concentration, the corrosion inhibition first increases and then decreases. When the concentrations of SA, SS and ST are 0.03 mol/L, 0.015 mol/L and 0.02 mol/L, respectively, the inhibition efficiency of the inhibitor is the highest, reaching 98 per cent.
Hot corrosion behaviour of Super 304H for marine applications at elevated temperatures
Authors: Khan M. Adam , Sundarrajan S. , Natarajan S. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The aim of this paper is to study the hot corrosion behaviour of super 304H stainless steel for marine applications.

Design/methodology/approach
The investigation was carried out with three different combinations of salt mixture (Na2SO4, NaCl and V2O5) at two different temperatures (800 and 900°C).

Findings
The spalling and growth of oxide layer was observed more with the presence of V2O5 in the salt mixture at 900°C during experimentation than what was observed in 800°C. The mass change per unit area is calculated to study the corrosion kinetics and also the influence of salt mixture. Further, the samples are analysed through materials characterisation techniques using optical image, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The presence of V2O5 in the salt mixture was the most important influencing species for accelerating hot corrosion.

Originality/value
SEM, EDAX and XRD analysis confirmed the formation of Fe2O3 and Cr2O3 at 900°C showing contribution in corrosion protection.
Essential oil of “Foeniculum vulgare”: antioxidant and corrosion inhibitor on mild steel immersed in hydrochloric medium
Authors: Bouoidina Asmae , Chaouch Mehdi , Abdellaoui Abdelfattah , Lahkimi Amal , Hammouti Belkheir , El-Hajjaji Fadoua , Taleb Mustapha , Nahle Ayssar 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThe inhibition effect ofFoeniculum vulgareseeds’ (FVS) extract on the corrosion of mild steel in acidic medium was studied using weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Tafel polarization, as well as the surface morphology of the mild steel.Design/methodology/approachWeight loss measurements, potentiodynamic tests, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy analysis of FVS extract were performed.FindingsFVS extract acts as a good inhibitor for the corrosion of mild steel in 1.0 M HCl. The inhibition efficiency increases with the increase in inhibitor concentration but decreases with the increase of temperature.Practical implicationsFVS extract was observed to play an important role in the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in acidic solution.Originality/valueThis paper is intended to be added to the family of green inhibitors which are highly efficient inhibitors and can be used in the area of corrosion prevention and control.
Studies on erosion-corrosion behaviour of plasma sprayed Ni3Al coating in a coal-fired thermal power plant environment at 540°C
Authors: Mishra S.B. , Chandra Kamlesh , Prakash Satya 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the application of Ni3Al coating for boilers and other power plant equipment, which suffer severe erosion-corrosion problems resulting in substantial losses. Currently, superalloys are being used to increase the service life of the boilers. Although the superalloys have adequate mechanical strength at elevated temperature, they often lack resistance to erosion-corrosion environments.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the erosion-corrosion performance of plasma-sprayed nickel aluminide (Ni3Al) coating on nickel- and iron-based superalloys have been evaluated by exposing them to the low temperature primary superheater zone of the coal-fired thermal power plant at the temperature zone of 540°C for ten cycles of 100 h duration. The exposed products were analysed along the surface and cross-section using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron micro probe analysis (EPMA).

Findings
The XRD, SEM and EPMA analyses have shown the formation of mainly NiO, NiAl2O4 and indicated the presence of Ni3Al, Ni and Al2O3. In the boiler environment, Ni3Al coating partially oxidizes and acts as a perfect barrier against erosion-corrosion of superalloys. The partially oxidised Ni3Al coating remains intact even after 1,000 h cycle exposure.

Originality/value
The probable mechanism of attack for the plasma-sprayed Ni3Al coating in the given boiler environment is presented.
Integrating the IR into strategic goals at the University of Toledo: case study
Authors: Sabharwal Arjun , Natal Gerald R. 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this case study is to demonstrate a current model, as well as explore future models, for integrating institutional repositories (IRs) in higher education goals at the University of Toledo.

Design/methodology/approachThis is a case study that uses literature review as an exploratory framework for new approaches while reflecting on existing literature to present the current practical framework for using IRs.

FindingsThe digital environment has pushed academic institutions toward new strategies for curating their record on scholarship and preserving their heritage collections, using their IRs. Innovative approaches are also vital to curating the IR content digitally to facilitate access to those contents in ways that was not possible a few decades ago. Surveys and existing literature point to increasing uses of IRs despite abstinence from considering open access for scholarly activity among faculty concerned about copyright, plagiarism and sustainability. Staffing and funding IR initiatives are important factors in sustaining the curation of scholarship in the digital environment.

Practical implicationsIRs with open access publishing, expert gallery and digital library features place academic libraries in a central role as partners in digital scholarship.

Originality/valueThis case study presents an original approach to incorporating the IR into the curation of digital content while also considering potential uses of knowledge management approaches for data and knowledge sharing in an academic environment.
Back to basics
Authors: Fox Robert 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to explore several methods for developing an effective content model for library websites.

Design/methodology/approachThis paper is conceptual.

Originality/valueWebsites can take a couple of approaches to design. One is “top down” that focuses on the User Interface (UI) and graphic design. Another is “bottom up” that focuses on the organization of content. This paper encourages website designers to take a more “bottom up” approach to web design.
PlumX: a tool to showcase academic profile and distinction
Authors: Wong Elise Y. , Vital Sarah M. 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThe Saint Mary’s College of California (SMC) library plays an integral role in supporting one of the goals in the College’s Strategic Plan: “Raise the Academic Profile and Distinction”. This case study aims to assess the effectiveness of PlumX as a tool to showcase the academic profile and distinction of SMC. The library recognizes the importance of capturing impact of non-traditional creativity and engagement in addition to just traditional impact metrics of research.

Design/methodology/approachThis paper describes the collaborative effort of the College and the College’s library to identify faculty scholarship, creativity and engagement and collect data demonstrating the impact of the works. Traditional metrics, like citation counts, do not do SMC faculty justice because faculty scholarship comes beyond just books and articles. To more fully document the real intellectual corpus the College, the library is working with a new system, PlumX, to collect web-based information about both traditionally and non-traditionally published work.

FindingsThe collection of metrics across five categories (citations, usage, social media, mentions and captures), and the flexibility of displaying on screen or downloading for use in other analytic reports made possible through PlumX proved to be a start toward demonstrating the academic distinction of College’s unique faculty. SMC will continue to partner with PlumX to assess and improve its usability and effectiveness.

Originality/valueThis paper outlines how altmetrics can be used to measure and share impact of faculty research at a liberal arts, teaching-focused college in ways reflective of the unique intellectual contributions.
Restrained by design: the political economy of cybersecurity
Authors: Lindsay Jon Randall 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The empirical record of cyberattacks features much computer crime, espionage and hacktivism, but none of the major damage feared in prevalent threat narratives. The purpose of this article is to explain the absence of serious adverse consequences to date and the durability of this trend.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper combines concepts from international relations theory and new institutional economics to understand cyberspace as a complex global institution with contracts embodied in both software code and human practice. Constitutive inefficiencies (market and regulatory failure) and incomplete contracts (generative features and unintended flaws) create the vulnerabilities that hackers exploit. Cyber conflict is a form of cheating within the rules, rather than an anarchic struggle, more like an intelligence-counterintelligence contest than traditional war.

Findings
Cyber conflict is restrained by the collective sociotechnical constitution of cyberspace, where actors must cooperate to compete. Maintenance of common protocols and open access is a condition for the possibility of attack, and successful deceptive exploitation of these connections becomes more difficult in politically sensitive situations as defense and deterrence become more feasible. The distribution of cyber conflict is, thus, bounded vertically in severity but unbounded horizontally in the potential for creative exploitation.

Originality/value
Cyber conflict can be understood with familiar political economic concepts applied in fresh ways. This application provides counterintuitive insights at odds with prevalent threat narratives about the likelihood and magnitude of cyber conflict. It also highlights the important advantages of strong states over the weaker non-state actors widely thought to be empowered by cyberspace.
Does improved medication adherence reduce inpatient hospital expenditures?
Authors: Scott David M. , Christensen Tom , Zhang Anqing , Friesner Daniel L. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
This study aims to assess whether patients [who receive community pharmacy services at locations where routine medication therapy management (MTM) care is reimbursed] who were adherent to their medications generated lower inpatient hospitalization expenses.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a retrospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study using administrative claims data drawn from 84 community pharmacies in North Dakota. The included patients were enrolled in a Blue Cross Blue Shield of North Dakota insurance plan and were taking one or more of eight groups of medications (metformin, antidepressants, anti-asthmatics, ACEs/ARBs, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics and statins) commonly prescribed to treat chronic conditions filled between July 1, 2014 and June 30, 2015. Community pharmacists used software that allowed the pharmacists to provide and bill for MTM services. Data from these sources were used to calculate medication adherence and inpatient costs.

Findings
Patients prescribed a beta blocker, a calcium channel blocker, and a diuretic or an anti-diabetic medication, and those who are fully adherent to their medications were associated with significantly lower inpatient hospitalization costs (as measured by insurance payments to hospitals) as compared to non-adherent patients. Patients who were fully adherent to their medications had no statistically significant differences in patient-specific costs compared to non-adherent patients.

Originality/value
Patients receiving services at a community pharmacy that offers MTM services and those who were adherent to their medication regimens generate lower health care expenses. Most of the savings come from lower hospitalization expenses, rather than patient-paid expenses.
The influence of beliefs on organ donation intention
Authors: Pauli Jandir , Basso Kenny , Ruffatto Juliane 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
Recent technological developments in healthcare have enabled an increased number of organ transplantation surgeries. At the same time, there is an increase in the number of people awaiting organ transplant, coupled with the difficulty in donation. To bridge this gap, this study aims to propose to evaluate the effect of three types of beliefs (clinical beliefs, financial incentive beliefs and beliefs on the social benefits of altruism and solidarity) on the intention to donate organs. Moreover, this paper uses the attitudes in relation to donation to explain the effect of these beliefs on the intention to donate organs.

Design/methodology/approach
The research was conducted using a survey of 422 Brazilian participants and a mediation analysis to test the mediation hypotheses.

Findings
The results suggest that the effect of three types of beliefs (clinical, economic order and social solidarity) influence the intention to donate organs indirectly through the formation of attitudes concerning organ donation.

Research limitations/implications
This article contributes to the understanding of the formation of organ donation intentions and the role of different types of beliefs in the formation of such intentions.

Originality/value
The findings extend the discussions regarding the role of beliefs in the formation of attitudes and intentions of organ donation and have significant value in creating public policies that further promote organ donation.
The adverse effect of doctors’ skepticism toward prescription drugs
Authors: Johnson Devon S. , Riley Breagin K. , Sato Shintaro 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
This study examines the use of high-expertise sources such as doctors to sell dietary supplements and the use of skeptical statements toward approved drugs in the act of selling dietary supplements.

Design/methodology/approach
The research questions are addressed by means of a scenario experiment that manipulated two independent variables: expertise (high- vs low-expertise) and skepticism toward prescription drugs (present vs absent).

Findings
Surprisingly, skeptical statements from a low-expertise source toward a prescription drug made while selling dietary supplements was found to have an insignificant effect on selling effectiveness (willingness to recommend and perceived product effectiveness). However, when a high-expertise source (doctor) did the same, selling effectiveness was reduced.

Research limitations/implications
The paper identifies a boundary condition for competitive selling claims of dietary supplements. Doctors are likely to get away with claims regarding the efficacy of dietary supplements until they criticize a more credible prescription drug in favor of supplements.

Practical implications
Claims made by a low-expertise sources and high-expertise sources in the act of selling dietary supplements must be carefully considered. Conventional wisdom tactics may be ineffective.

Originality/value
This paper uniquely demonstrates the role of competitive skepticism at different levels of expertise. The findings of this study suggest that managers, in especially the multi-level marketing industry, should reconsider some of their selling tactics.
Physicians’ relationship with the pharmaceutical industry and its reflection in introduction of a new drug
Authors: Matikainen Minna , Olkkonen Leena , Katajavuori Nina , Parvinen Petri , Juppo Anne 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
This study aims to examine the attitudes of physicians towards the pharmaceutical industry and investigates how these are reflected when a new drug is introduced.

Design/methodology/approach
The qualitative theme-interview study adopts the innovation diffusion perspective and is conducted with 22 general practitioners and specialists.

Findings
Physicians’ positive relationship orientation and active interaction can result in early adoption of new drugs with product advantage. In comparison, negatively oriented and passively interacting physicians will adopt a new drug later based on research evidence- and experience-based reasoning and opinions of their colleagues.

Research limitations/implications
The objective was to obtain a deeper understanding of the research themes. Further qualitative studies in different countries and health care environments with a larger sample size would improve generalizability of results.

Practical implications
It’s necessary to find an optimal win – win situation that fulfils both parties’ needs, while decreasing unnecessary and time-consuming marketing activities and avoiding waste of limited resources and allowing physicians to participate in activities that better serve their primary needs. Managers in pharmaceutical companies should ensure their sales representatives act in appropriate and professional ways, interact openly and reciprocally and provide accurate and objective information.

Originality/value
The study demonstrates that the physician–pharmaceutical industry relationship has developed from being ethically precarious and having non-professional related personal benefits, towards becoming a more sustainable collaboration. The mutually beneficial collaboration supports physicians’ professional development, enabling better patient care and relieving strain on limited resources.
US securities and exchange commission’s division of investment management issues guidance regarding robo-advisers
Authors: Monaco Stephanie M. , Pershkow Amy Ward , Cruz Leslie S. , McCamman Peter M. , Getsinger Andrew D. , Kanter Adam 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
To explain a guidance update issued in February 2017 by the staff of the Division of Investment Management (Staff) at the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on how robo-advisers may meet their disclosure, suitability and compliance obligations under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (Advisers Act).

Design/methodology/approach
Examines the update’s guidance on three areas – the substance and presentation of disclosures, the provision of suitable investment advice, and the adoption and implementation of effective compliance programs – and then raises practical considerations for robo-advisers.

Findings
The update reflects the Staff’s increasing concern about the potential risks of the robo-adviser platform and provides a listing of key issues that the SEC’s Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations (OCIE) – which recently added “electronic investment advice” as a new focus for its 2017 examinations – may zero in on when examining robo-advisory firms.

Practical implications
Robo-advisers should carefully review the Staff’s update to evaluate whether their firms’ operations address the guidance.

Originality/value
Practical advice from experienced securities regulatory lawyers.
SEC approves FINRA’s rules to protect seniors from financial exploitation
Authors: Kutner Matthew J. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
To inform readers of new FINRA Rule 2165 and amended FINRA Rule 4512, which are aimed at protecting seniors from financial exploitation.

Design/methodology/approach
This article discusses the scope of the FINRA Rules and amendments, including provisions for temporary holds on disbursements of funds or securities and the revised National Adjudicatory Council (NAC) Sanction Guidelines, and provides the author’s analysis.

Findings
This article concludes that the while FINRA Rule 2165 and the accompanying amendments to FINRA Rule 4512 take the apparent position that financial professionals are an initial line of defense against exploitation, brokers could face challenges in implementing the changes, including with the decision-making discretion afforded to them with respect to the “reasonable belief” elements of the rules.

Originality/value
This article contains valuable information about recent FINRA Rules and guidance from an experienced investment management lawyer.
AML compliance in the age of individual accountability
Authors: Greene Carlton , Hanusik Thomas , Stinebower Cari , Bartle Sarah 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
To analyze FinCEN’s settlement with Thomas Haider and examine regulatory agencies’ emphasis on individual accountability and the implications of this emphasis for anti-money laundering (AML) compliance personnel, and to provide practical guidance for personnel who have involvement with or oversight of corporate AML programs.

Design/methodology/approach
This article analyzes the Thomas Haider settlement and its importance for individuals involved in AML compliance functions. This analysis includes an examination of several recent corporate and individual enforcement actions to contextualize the Thomas Haider settlement and its usefulness in the prediction of trends in the financial regulatory space.

Findings
This article concludes that FinCEN’s May 2017 settlement with Thomas Haider, which resolved the first occurrence of FinCEN’s filing suit to enforce a civil penalty against an individual, illustrates the importance of effective AML programs and highlights the potential consequences for individuals who fail to ensure effective programs. The article also makes specific practical suggestions for AML compliance personnel, and finds that such personnel should be particularly conscientious in light of regulatory agencies’ focus on individual accountability in resolving corporate enforcement actions.

Originality/value
This article contains valuable information about recent regulatory enforcement activity and practical guidance for AML compliance personnel from experienced lawyers with specialties in financial services and white collar regulatory enforcement.