bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical Factors Associated With Pain and Symptoms Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Reconstruction
Authors: Azus Aisia , Teng Hsiang‐Ling , Tufts Lauren , Wu Daniel , Ma C. Benjamin , Souza Richard B. , Li Xiaojuan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have investigated the associations between patient‐reported outcome and gait in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and reconstruction over time. Because there is an association between ACL rupture and the presence of osteoarthritis later in life, a better understanding of these relationships will help to elucidate how patients' gait pattern may affect pain and symptoms, potentially leading to better treatment for or preventing the development of knee OA.ObjectiveTo evaluate the associations between gait characteristics and self‐reported pain and symptoms before, 6 months after, and 1 year after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingThe Human Performance Center at the Orthopedic Institute at the University of California, San Francisco.PatientsPatients with full unilateral ACL tears were enrolled. A total of 43 patients were included at 12 months postsurgery.MethodsThe independent variable in this study comprised specific gait variables in patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction. At each time point, 3‐dimensional motion analysis was performed. Participants also completed the Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire.Main Outcomes MeasurementsThe primary study outcome measurement was the KOOS and was planned before data collection began. Partial correlations were used to examine cross‐sectional associations between gait characteristics and KOOS pain and symptom scores at all time points. In addition, partial correlations were performed to examine the associations between change in postoperative KOOS from 6 months to 1 year and gait characteristics at baseline and 6 months.ResultsSignificant associations between KOOS and gait characteristics were found at all time points, including an association between peak medial ground reaction force and pain (r = −0.344, P = .02) and symptoms (r = −0.407, P = .007) at baseline.ConclusionsSpecific gait variables may be predictive of greater pain and symptoms and less improvement over time postreconstruction. This could help to inform rehabilitation exercises post injury and pre reconstruction.Level of EvidenceIV
Hydrocarbon composition of bitumen from deeply buried terrestrial organic matter (zone of apocatagenesis)
Authors: Kashirtsev V.A. , Dolzhenko K.V. , Fomin A.N. , Kontorovich A.E. , Shevchenko N.P. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We present new results on catagenetic alteration of dispersed organic matter (DOM) and individual hydrocarbon composition of bitumen extracts from the lower mesocatagenesis and apocatagenesis zone, based on the study of core samples from superdeep well SV-27 (Vilui syneclise), which penetrated Permian and Upper Carboniferous coal-bearing strata. The vitrinite reflectance data show a progressive increase in the thermal maturity of DOM at a depth of ~4 km. The major biomarker indicators of the thermal history of DOM in the central part of the Vilyui syneclise appear to play only a minor role below this depth, thus reflecting the early stages of mesocatagenesis. The pristane/phytane ratios begin to invert at the same depth. Bitumen extracts from core samples collected from this depth contain new hydrocarbons in trace amounts, which increase with depth. The identified compounds include homologous series of alkenes, 2,4- and 2,7-dimethylalkanes, and alkylcyclohexanes with a prevalence of compounds with an odd carbon number predominance. Unusual differentiation of aliphatic and cyclic hydrocarbons with even and odd carbon-numbered chains occurs at the maximum depth (6458 m). Among aromatic hydrocarbons, four new diastereomers are identified: 17-desmethyl–23-methylmonoaromatic steroids C27. Considerable variations in the composition of bitumen extracts from the apocatagenetically altered core samples appear to reflect the termination of hydrocarbon generation from kerogen and further thermolysis of residual bitumens, including their asphaltene components. This explains the low values of maturity biomarker indicators corresponding to the apocatagenesis grade, since in this case they reflect the composition of hydrocarbons generated during the early stages and later occluded and adsorbed by asphaltenes. “Deep-seated” microoil from Permian, Carboniferous, and Cambrian deposits did not participate in the formation of oil rims and major gas condensate pools in the Vilyui petroleum area.
Composition and genesis of garnet in the rocks of Paleoproterozoic gneiss–migmatite complex (Sharyzhalgai uplift, southwestern Siberian craton)
Authors: Turkina O.M. , Sukhorukov V.P. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We present the results of study of garnet-bearing paragneisses, migmatites, and vein granites of migmatite–gneiss complex of the Irkut terrane (Sharyzhalgai uplift, southwestern Siberian craton), major- and trace-element zoning of the garnet, and the age and trace-element composition of zircon. The migmatite–gneiss complex of the Irkut terrane formed in the Paleoproterozoic, at 1.85–1.86 Ga. The maximum temperatures of metamorphism and partial melting evaluated with the Ti-in-zircon and Zr-in-rutile thermometers are 790–830 and 830–860 °C, respectively. Three generations of garnet have been recognized according to texture and zoning: metamorphic, peritectic, and magmatic. Metamorphic generation forms the core of garnet in paragneisses and migmatites, contains numerous fine inclusions, and has the highest contents of grossular (Grs) component, HREE, and Y decreasing from core to rim, which agrees with the Rayleigh fractionation of compatible components. Peritectic garnet with large inclusions of quartz and feldspar is predominant in diatexites and in gneisses in contact with leucosome. It has almost constant low contents of Grs, HREE, and Y slightly increasing in the rim. Garnet in vein melanocratic granites is similar in composition zoning to garnet in diatexites. Magmatic garnet in leucocratic granites is characterized by a decrease in the contents of Grs, HREE, and Y from core to rim and by a strong negative Eu anomaly. It seems to have resulted from the dissolution/precipitation of peritectic garnet in the melt. According to mineral and chemical compositions, the gneisses and migmatites are subdivided into high- and medium-alumina series produced through the metamorphism and melting of two source rocks, pelitic and graywacke, which is confirmed by their different REE patterns. The FeO and MgO enrichment of the granites relative to the melts experimentally produced of pelites and graywackes, the inherited contents of HREE in the diatexites and granites from paragneisses, and the presence of peritectic garnet in melanocratic granites evidence that the formation of granite was not accompanied by the effective segregation of garnet from the melt.
Acoustic properties of hydrate-bearing sand samples: laboratory measurements (setup, methods, and results)
Authors: Duchkov A.D. , Duchkov A.A. , Permyakov M.E. , Manakov A.Yu. , Golikov N.A. , Drobchik A.N. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
A new system has been designed for laboratory physical modeling of hydrate-bearing sand samples and measuring their acoustic properties at different temperatures and pressures. The system includes a pressure vessel, units of temperature control, external pressure, and gas/liquid delivery, and a unit for measuring velocities of acoustic waves. Measurements are carried out in 10–50 mm high cylindrical specimens 30 mm in diameter. The system provides methane hydrate formation in sand samples and their acoustic measurements for as long as several days due to automatic control. Hydrate-bearing samples are prepared by pressurized methane injection into pores of wet sand and are exposed to several cooling/heating cycles to increase hydrate formation rates. Hydrate-bearing samples have been prepared and travel times of acoustic P and S waves have been measured in dozens of successful experiments. Acoustic data confirm the formation of hydrates, with the related increase in wave velocities to values about those in frozen sediments. The prepared gas hydrates are inferred to be of “cementing” type, i.e., they form as cement at the boundaries of mineral grains. The obtained velocities of acoustic waves show a positive linear correlation with hydrate contents in sand samples.
Wave transforms of transient electromagnetic field in conductive earth
Authors: Gretskov G.A. , Epov M.I. , Antonov E.Yu. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The study aims at finding a stable method for transformation of time-domain electromagnetic diffusion field to an electromagnetic wavefield. Two ways of transformation are considered: singular-value decomposition (SVD) and Tikhonov’s regularizations. Transformation is applied to TEM responses of a conductive half-space, a conductive S film, and to a series of horizontally layered models. The wave transforms are used to plot travel-time curves and to estimate the velocity of EM field propagation.
Ponezumab in mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease: Randomized phase II PET‐PIB study
Authors: Landen Jaren W. , Andreasen Niels , Cronenberger Carol L. , Schwartz Pamela F. , Börjesson‐Hanson Anne , Östlund Henrik , Sattler Catherine A. , Binneman Brendon , Bednar Martin M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIntroductionThe safety, pharmacokinetics, and effect on peripheral and central amyloid β (Aβ) of multiple doses of ponezumab, an anti‐Aβ monoclonal antibody, were characterized in subjects with mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease treated for 1 year.MethodsSubjects were aged ≥50 years with Mini–Mental State Examination scores 16 to 26. Cohort Q was randomized to ponezumab 10 mg/kg (n = 12) or placebo (n = 6) quarterly. Cohort M was randomized to a loading dose of ponezumab 10 mg/kg or placebo, followed by monthly ponezumab 7.5 mg/kg (n = 12) or placebo (n = 6), respectively.ResultsPonezumab was generally well tolerated. Plasma concentrations increased dose dependently, but cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) penetration was low. Plasma Aβ increased dose dependently with ponezumab, but CSF biomarkers, brain amyloid burden, cognition, and function were not affected.ConclusionsBoth ponezumab dosing schedules were generally safe and well tolerated but did not alter CSF biomarkers, brain amyloid burden, or clinical outcomes.
Mass Casualty Incidents in the Underground Mining Industry: Applying the Haddon Matrix on an Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Engström Karl Gunnar , Angrén John , Björnstig Ulf , Saveman Britt-Inger 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveUnderground mining is associated with obvious risks that can lead to mass casualty incidents. Information about such incidents was analyzed in an integrated literature review.MethodsA literature search (1980-2015) identified 564 modern-era underground mining reports from countries sharing similar occupational health legislation. These reports were condensed to 31 reports after consideration of quality grading and appropriateness to the aim. The Haddon matrix was used for structure, separating human factors from technical and environmental details, and timing.ResultsMost of the reports were descriptive regarding injury-creating technical and environmental factors. The influence of rock characteristics was an important pre-event environmental factor. The organic nature of coal adds risks not shared in hard-rock mines. A sequence of mechanisms is commonly described, often initiated by a human factor in interaction with technology and step-wise escalation to involve environmental circumstances. Socioeconomic factors introduce heterogeneity. In the Haddon matrix, emergency medical services are mainly a post-event environmental issue, which were not well described in the available literature. The US Quecreek Coal Mine incident of 2002 stands out as a well-planned rescue mission.ConclusionEvaluation of the preparedness to handle underground mining incidents deserves further scientific attention. Preparedness must include the medical aspects of rescue operations. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:138–146)
DistinguishingClostridium difficileRecurrence From Reinfection: Independent Validation of Current Recommendations
Authors: Durovic Ana , Widmer Andreas F. , Frei Reno , Tschudin-Sutter Sarah 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVEDistinguishing recurrentClostridium difficileinfection (CDI), defined as CDI caused by the same genotype, from reinfection with a different genotype, has important implications for surveillance and clinical trials investigating treatment effectiveness. We validated the proposed 8-week period for distinguishing “same genotype CDI” from “different genotype CDI,” and we aimed to identify clinical variables with distinctiveness to propose an improved definition.METHODSFrom January 2004 to December 2013, a cohort of all inpatients with CDI at the University Hospital Basel, Switzerland, was established, and respective strains were collected. In patients with a second episode of CDI, both strains were compared using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ribotyping. The standard definition of recurrence (within 8 weeks after initial diagnosis) was evaluated for its performance to predict CDI caused by the same genotype.RESULTSAmong 750 patients with CDI, 130 (17.3%) were diagnosed with recurrence or reinfection. Strains from both episodes were available from 106 patients. Identical strains were identified in 36 patients with recurrence (36 of 47) and 27 patients with reinfection (27 of 59). Sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive values of the standard definition were 56%, 74%, 53%, and 76%, respectively. An extended period of 20 weeks resulted in the best match for both sensitivity and specificity (83% and 58%, respectively), while none of the clinical characteristics revealed independent distinctive power.CONCLUSIONSOur results challenge the utility of the 8-week cutoff for distinguishing recurrent CDI from reinfection. An extended period of 20 weeks may result in improved overall performance characteristics, but this finding requires external validation.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2017;38:891–896
When fascism met empire in Japanese-occupied Manchuria
Authors: Young Louise 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFocusing on the case of Japanese-occupied Manchuria, this article asks what set Japan, Germany, and Italy apart from other empires during the ‘fascist moment’ from the aftermath of the First World War to the defeat of the Axis powers in 1945. While scholars have examined the politics and culture of fascism in metropolitan Japan, there is virtually no literature on fascist imperialism. Indeed, the consensus term is ‘wartime empire’ and the dominant framework is of an empire mobilized for total war. One of the goals is to think through what the concept ‘fascist imperialism’ might mean and what the Japanese case might contribute to its definition. Detailed comparison with Germany and Italy is beyond the scope of this article, which builds a definition of fascism around four core elements drawn from the Japanese case: the ideology of Asianism and its vision for Japanese leadership over a regional movement of anti-colonial nationalisms; hyper-militarism that went well beyond military imperialism pursued since the late nineteenth century and that constituted a new celebration of military action and the aesthetics of violence; red peril thinking that propelled the creation of a police state targeting communist intellectuals, politicians, and labour activists within the archipelago as well as communist nationalists in the empire; and radical statism, which signified the turn to the state as the spear tip and staging ground of action to address the crisis. All four dimensions of fascism in Japan intensified in the process of territorial expansion from 1931 to 1945, and linked transformations across the nation-state-empire.
A pilot case series of a brief acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)-based guided self-help intervention for improving quality of life and mood in muscle disorders
Authors: Graham Christopher D. , Chalder Trudie , Rose Michael R. , Gavriloff Dimitri , McCracken Lance M. , Weinman John 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to demonstrate proof of concept and acceptability of a brief acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)-based guided self-help intervention for improving quality of life (QoL) and mood for people with muscle disorders (MD). A case-series with an AB design was used to assess changes in primary (QoL) and secondary (depression and anxiety) outcome variables across the period of study. Change in the psychological process targeted by ACT – psychological flexibility – was also investigated, to allow insight into possible treatment mechanisms. Post-intervention, participants also completed a brief free-text evaluation. Relative to pre-intervention scores, four (of seven) participants showed varying degrees of improvement in all primary and secondary outcome variables and were thus considered responders. However, consistent concomitant improvements in psychological flexibility were not apparent. Participants reported a mostly positive experience of the intervention; all appeared to complete the intervention, and no adverse events were reported. Nonetheless, there was evidence that those with compromised concentration or who report good initial QoL and low levels of distress may derive less benefit. Although several methodological weaknesses limit the strength of our conclusions, this ACT-based guided self-help intervention shows encouraging utility for improving QoL and mood in MD.
EGR-1/ASPP1 inter-regulatory loop promotes apoptosis by inhibiting cyto-protective autophagy
Authors: Zhao Kunming , Yu Miao , Zhu Yifu , Liu Dong , Wu Qiong , Hu Ying 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe decrease of ASPP1 (Apoptosis-Stimulating Protein of p53 1), a known p53 activator, has been linked to carcinogenesis and the cytotoxic resistance in various cancers, yet the underlying mechanisms of ASPP1 expression and its complex functions are not yet clear. Here, we report that ASPP1 forms an inter-regulatory loop with Early Growth Response 1 (EGR-1), and promotes apoptosis via inhibiting cyto-protective autophagy, independent of the well-documented p53-dependent mechanisms. We show that ASPP1 mRNA and protein were remarkably elevated by ectopic EGR-1 expression or endogenous EGR-1 activation, in cells with different tissue origins and p53 status. Conversely, RNAi-mediated EGR-1 knockdown suppressed ASPP1. The further mechanism studies revealed that ASPP1 promoter, mapped to −283/+88, which contained three conserved EGR-1 binding sites, was required for both binding and transactivity of EGR-1. In addition, we demonstrate that ASPP1 promoted EGR-1 in a positive feedback loop by preventing proteasome-mediated EGR-1 degradation or promoting EGR-1 nuclear import in response to anticancer natural compound Quercetin. Furthermore, albeit activating p53 in the nucleus is the well-studied function of ASPP1, we found that ASPP1 was predominately localized in the cytoplasm. Interestingly, the cytoplasmic ASPP1 retained its pro-apoptosis capability. Mechanistically, ASPP1 suppressed Atg5–Atg12 and also bound with Atg5–Atg12 to prevent its further complex formation with Atg16, resulting in the inhibition of cyto-protective autophagy. In conclusion, our results provide new insights into EGR-1/ASPP1 regulatory loop in sensitizing Quercetin-induced apoptosis. EGR-1/ASPP1, therefore, may be potentially used as therapeutic targets to improve cancer’s response to pro-apoptosis treatments.
The ubiquitin ligase ZNRF1 promotes caveolin-1 ubiquitination and degradation to modulate inflammation
Authors: Lee Chih-Yuan , Lai Ting-Yu , Tsai Meng-Kun , Chang Yung-Chi , Ho Yu-Hsin , Yu I-Shing , Yeh Tzu-Wen , Chou Chih-Chang , Lin You-Sheng , Lawrence Toby , Hsu Li-Chung 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCaveolin-1 (CAV1), the major constituent of caveolae, plays a pivotal role in various cellular biological functions, including cancer and inflammation. The ubiquitin/proteasomal pathway is known to contribute to the regulation of CAV1 expression, but the ubiquitin ligase responsible for CAV1 protein stability remains unidentified. Here we reveal that E3 ubiquitin ligase ZNRF1 modulates CAV1 protein stability to regulate Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4-triggered immune responses. We demonstrate that ZNRF1 physically interacts with CAV1 in response to lipopolysaccharide and mediates ubiquitination and degradation of CAV1. The ZNRF1–CAV1 axis regulates Akt–GSK3β activity upon TLR4 activation, resulting in enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibition of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Mice with deletion of ZNRF1 in their hematopoietic cells display increased resistance to endotoxic and polymicrobial septic shock due to attenuated inflammation. Our study defines ZNRF1 as a regulator of TLR4-induced inflammatory responses and reveals another mechanism for the regulation of TLR4 signalling through CAV1.
Spaser as a biological probe
Authors: Galanzha Ekaterina I. , Weingold Robert , Nedosekin Dmitry A. , Sarimollaoglu Mustafa , Nolan Jacqueline , Harrington Walter , Kuchyanov Alexander S. , Parkhomenko Roman G. , Watanabe Fumiya , Nima Zeid , Biris Alexandru S. , Plekhanov Alexander I. , Stockman Mark I. , Zharov Vladimir P. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractUnderstanding cell biology greatly benefits from the development of advanced diagnostic probes. Here we introduce a 22-nm spaser (plasmonic nanolaser) with the ability to serve as a super-bright, water-soluble, biocompatible probe capable of generating stimulated emission directly inside living cells and animal tissues. We have demonstrated a lasing regime associated with the formation of a dynamic vapour nanobubble around the spaser that leads to giant spasing with emission intensity and spectral width >100 times brighter and 30-fold narrower, respectively, than for quantum dots. The absorption losses in the spaser enhance its multifunctionality, allowing for nanobubble-amplified photothermal and photoacoustic imaging and therapy. Furthermore, the silica spaser surface has been covalently functionalized with folic acid for molecular targeting of cancer cells. All these properties make a nanobubble spaser a promising multimodal, super-contrast, ultrafast cellular probe with a single-pulse nanosecond excitation for a variety of in vitro and in vivo biomedical applications.
Time-programmable drug dosing allows the manipulation, suppression and reversal of antibiotic drug resistance in vitro
Authors: Yoshida Mari , Reyes Sabrina Galiñanes , Tsuda Soichiro , Horinouchi Takaaki , Furusawa Chikara , Cronin Leroy 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMulti-drug strategies have been attempted to prolong the efficacy of existing antibiotics, but with limited success. Here we show that the evolution of multi-drug-resistant Escherichia coli can be manipulated in vitro by administering pairs of antibiotics and switching between them in ON/OFF manner. Using a multiplexed cell culture system, we find that switching between certain combinations of antibiotics completely suppresses the development of resistance to one of the antibiotics. Using this data, we develop a simple deterministic model, which allows us to predict the fate of multi-drug evolution in this system. Furthermore, we are able to reverse established drug resistance based on the model prediction by modulating antibiotic selection stresses. Our results support the idea that the development of antibiotic resistance may be potentially controlled via continuous switching of drugs.