bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The level of acceptance of spanish medical students of the transplantation of solid organs from animals: a stratified and multicentre study
Authors: Ríos Antonio , López‐Navas Ana , López‐López Ana , Gómez Francisco Javier , Iriarte Jorge , Herruzo Rafael , Blanco Gerardo , Llorca Francisco Javier , Asunsolo Angel , Sánchez Pilar , Gutiérrez Pedro Ramón , Fernández Ana , de Jesús María Teresa , Martínez Alarcón Laura , Lana Alberto , Fuentes Lorena , Hernández Juan Ramón , Virseda Julio , Yelamos José , Bondía José Antonio , Hernández Antonio , Ayala Marco Antonio , Ramis Guillermo , Ramírez Pablo , Parrilla Pascual 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIntroductionResearch into the transplantation of solid organs from animals (xenotransplantation) is generating interest and curiosity given that this could be a way of resolving the shortage in transplant organs. However, the fact is that currently xenotransplantation is far from becoming a clinical practice.ObjectiveTo analyse the attitude of medical students from Spanish universities towards the donation of organs from animals and to determine the factors affecting their attitudes.Material and MethodsType of study: A sociological, interdisciplinary, observational and multicentre study in Spain. Study population: Students enrolled on the medical degree in Spain (n = 34 000). Sample size: A sample of 9598 students (a confidence level of 99% and precision of ± 1%) stratified by geographical area and academic year. Instrument of measurement: A validated questionnaire of attitude towards organ xenotransplantation (PCID‐XenoTx RIOS) which was self‐administered and completed anonymously.ResultsA completion rate of 95.7% (n = 9275) was obtained. If the results of xenotransplantation were as good as in human donation, 81% (n = 7491) would be in favour, 3% (n = 308) against and 16% (n = 1476) undecided. The following variables affected this attitude: sex (P < 0.001); academic year (P < 0.001); discussion of transplantation with one's family (P < 0.001) and friends (P < 0.001); the opinion of one's partner (P < 0.001); the respondent's attitude towards organ donation (P < 0.001); religion (P < 0.001); and participation in altruistic activities (P < 0.001). The following variables persisted in the multivariate analysis: (1) being a female (OR = 1.794; P < 0.001); (2) academic year (OR = 2.487; P < 0.001); (3) having spoken about the issue with one's family (OR = 1.200; P = 0.019); (4) the favourable opinion of one's partner (OR = 1.526; P = 0.028); (5) an attitude in favour of donation (OR = 2.087; P < 0.001); (6) being an atheist/agnostic, (OR = 2.5; P < 0.001); and (7) a belief that one's religion is in favour of transplantation (OR = 1.317; P = 0.005).ConclusionsSpanish medical students have a favourable attitude towards xenotransplantation. This willingness and interest could be a decisive platform for the development and strengthening of research, both for centres with a pre‐clinical xenotransplantation programme and new healthcare centres.
Seroprevalence in Chickens against Campylobacter jejuni Flagellar Capping Protein (FliD) in Selected Areas of the United States
Authors: Yeh H.‐Y. , Hiett K. L. , Line J. E. , Jagne J. F. , Lauer D. C. 
Published: November 2015

SummaryCampylobacter jejuni is a causative pathogen of human acute bacterial gastroenteritis. Infected poultry products are regarded as a major source for human C. jejuni infection. The flagellar capping protein (FliD) is highly conserved among C. jejuni strains/isolates and is antigenic as analysed by immunoblot. In this study, we used the FliD protein as a probe to survey the prevalence of C. jejuni antibodies in chickens from two areas in the United States. A total of 394 samples were tested. Sera from layer breeders of 44–52 weeks of age tested 100% positive, while 4‐ to 6‐week broilers from 22 premises showed 7–100% positivity. These results demonstrate that anti‐FliD antibodies were prevalent in the poultry population in the areas of serum samples collected.
Simulation study of noise reduction methods for a split MRI system using a finite element method
Authors: Wang Y. , Liu F. , Crozier S. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose:To evaluate the acoustic noise levels induced by the split‐gradient coils of a MRI‐LINAC system, and also propose a scheme for acoustic noise reduction.Methods:A finite element (FE) modeling method was used to simulate the acoustic environment of a MRI‐LINAC system. By optimizing mounting supports between the split gradient assembly and the main magnet, the authors first altered the vibration modes of the acoustic system, smoothed the acoustic frequency responses, and relocated the acoustic field distribution in the central gap, cylindrical tunnels, and outside of the central gap. The acoustic noise was further reduced by means of applying damping treatment on the surfaces of the split‐gradient assembly.Results:Compared with conventional bolts that were placed at the ends, when the near supports were fixed and the far adjustable supports were 40 cm away from the further (here near and far are relative to the central gap) ends of the split‐gradient assembly, the overall average sound pressure level (SPL) reductions were about 6.3–9.9 dB both inside and outside the central gap for the transverse and longitudinal coils. After applying damping treatment, the average SPLs inside the central gap and outside it were further reduced by 8.5–12.5 and 6.3–8.8 dB for the transverse coils and longitudinal coils, respectively.Conclusions:The authors’ FE results showed that, for the cases of transverse coil and longitudinal coil switching, the overall average‐SPL reduction quantities amounted to around 20 dB by applying the proposed noise reduction scheme, resulting in lower SPLs than the human hearing threshold.
A Quantitative System-Scale Characterization of the Metabolism of Clostridium acetobutylicum
Authors: Yoo Minyeong , Bestel-Corre Gwenaelle , Croux Christian , Riviere Antoine , Meynial-Salles Isabelle , Soucaille Philippe 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTEngineering industrial microorganisms for ambitious applications, for example, the production of second-generation biofuels such as butanol, is impeded by a lack of knowledge of primary metabolism and its regulation. A quantitative system-scale analysis was applied to the biofuel-producing bacteriumClostridium acetobutylicum, a microorganism used for the industrial production of solvent. An improved genome-scale model,iCac967, was first developed based on thorough biochemical characterizations of 15 key metabolic enzymes and on extensive literature analysis to acquire accurate fluxomic data. In parallel, quantitative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were performed to assess the number of mRNA molecules per cell for all genes under acidogenic, solventogenic, and alcohologenic steady-state conditions as well as the number of cytosolic protein molecules per cell for approximately 700 genes under at least one of the three steady-state conditions. A complete fluxomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic analysis applied to different metabolic states allowed us to better understand the regulation of primary metabolism. Moreover, this analysis enabled the functional characterization of numerous enzymes involved in primary metabolism, including (i) the enzymes involved in the two different butanol pathways and their cofactor specificities, (ii) the primary hydrogenase and its redox partner, (iii) the major butyryl coenzyme A (butyryl-CoA) dehydrogenase, and (iv) the major glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. This study provides important information for further metabolic engineering ofC. acetobutylicumto develop a commercial process for the production ofn-butanol.IMPORTANCECurrently, there is a resurgence of interest inClostridium acetobutylicum, the biocatalyst of the historical Weizmann process, to producen-butanol for use both as a bulk chemical and as a renewable alternative transportation fuel. To develop a commercial process for the production ofn-butanol via a metabolic engineering approach, it is necessary to better characterize both the primary metabolism ofC. acetobutylicumand its regulation. Here, we apply a quantitative system-scale analysis to acidogenic, solventogenic, and alcohologenic steady-stateC. acetobutylicumcells and report for the first time quantitative transcriptomic, proteomic, and fluxomic data. This approach allows for a better understanding of the regulation of primary metabolism and for the functional characterization of numerous enzymes involved in primary metabolism.
Comparison of birth weight between school health records and medical birth records in Denmark: determinants of discrepancies
Authors: Jensen Camilla Bjørn , Gamborg Michael , Heitmann Berit , Sørensen Thorkild I A , Baker Jennifer L 
Published: November 2015

ObjectiveTo compare reported birth weight (BW) information in school health records with BW from medical birth records, and to investigate if maternal and offspring characteristics were associated with any discrepancies.DesignRegister-based cohort study.SettingDenmark, 1973–1991.ParticipantsThe study was based on BW recorded in the Copenhagen School Health Records Register (CSHRR) and in The Medical Birth Register (MBR). The registers were linked via the Danish personal identification number.Primary and secondary outcome measuresStatistical comparisons of BW in the registers were performed using t tests, Pearson's correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman plots and κ coefficients. Odds of BW discrepancies >100 g were examined by logistic regressions.ResultsThe study population included 47 534 children. From 1973 to 1979 when BW was grouped in 500 g intervals in the MBR, mean BW differed significantly between the registers. During 1979–1991 when BW was recorded in 10 and 1 g intervals, mean BW did not significantly differ between the two registers. BW from both registers was highly correlated (0.93–0.97). Odds of a BW discrepancy significantly increased with parity, the child's age at recall and by marital status (children of married women had the highest odds).ConclusionsOverall, BW information in school health records agreed very well with BW from medical birth records, suggesting that reports of BWs in school health records in Copenhagen, Denmark generally are valid.
Use of high doses of folic acid supplements in pregnant women in Spain: an INMA cohort study
Authors: Navarrete-Muñoz Eva María , Valera-Gran Desirée , García de la Hera Manoli , Gimenez-Monzo Daniel , Morales Eva , Julvez Jordi , Riaño Isolina , Tardón Adonina , Ibarluzea Jesus , Santa-Marina Loreto , Murcia Mario , Rebagliato Marisa , Vioque Jesus 
Published: November 2015

ObjectivesWe examined the use of low (<400 μg/day, including no use) and high folic acid supplement (FAS) dosages (≥1000 μg/day) among pregnant women in Spain, and explored factors associated with the use of these non-recommended dosages.DesignPopulation-based cohort study.SettingSpain.ParticipantsWe analysed data from 2332 pregnant women of the INMA study, a prospective mother-child cohort study in Spain.Main outcome measuresWe assessed usual dietary folate and the use of FAS from preconception to the 3rd month (first period) and from the 4th to the 7th month (second period), using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We used multinomial logistic regression to estimate relative risk ratios (RRRs).ResultsOver a half of the women used low dosages of FAS in the first and second period while 29% and 17% took high dosages of FAS, respectively. In the first period, tobacco smoking (RRR=1.63), alcohol intake (RRR=1.40), multiparous (RRR=1.44), unplanned pregnancy (RRR=4.20) and previous spontaneous abortion (RRR=0.58, lower use of high FAS dosages among those with previous abortions) were significantly associated with low FAS dosages. Alcohol consumption (RRR=1.42), unplanned pregnancy (RRR=2.66) and previous spontaneous abortion (RRR=0.68) were associated with high dosage use. In the second period, only tobacco smoking was significantly associated with high FAS dosage use (RRR=0.67).ConclusionsA high proportion of pregnant women did not reach the recommended dosages of FAS in periconception and a considerable proportion also used FAS dosages ≥1000 μg/day. Action should be planned by the Health Care System and health professionals to improve the appropriate periconceptional use of FAS, taking into consideration the associated factors.
Republished: Basic science behind the cardiovascular benefits of exercise
Authors: Wilson Mathew G , Ellison Georgina M , Cable N Tim 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
Cardiorespiratory fitness is a strong predictor of cardiovascular (CV) disease and all-cause mortality, with increases in cardiorespiratory fitness associated with corresponding decreases in CV disease risk. The effects of exercise upon the myocardium and vascular system are dependent upon the frequency, intensity and duration of the exercise itself. Following a prolonged period (≥6 months) of regular intensive exercise in previously untrained individuals, resting and submaximal exercising heart rates are typically 5–20 beats lower, with an increase in stroke volume of ∼20% and enhanced myocardial contractility. Structurally, all four heart chambers increase in volume with mild increases in wall thickness, resulting in greater cardiac mass due to increased myocardial cell size. With this in mind, the present paper aims to review the basic science behind the CV benefits of exercise. Attention will be paid to understanding (1) the relationship between exercise and cardiac remodelling; (2) the cardiac cellular and molecular adaptations in response to exercise, including the examination of molecular mechanisms of physiological cardiac growth and applying these mechanisms to identify new therapeutic targets to prevent or reverse pathological remodelling and heart failure; and (3) vascular adaptations in response to exercise. Finally, this review will briefly examine how to optimise the CV benefits of exercise by considering how much and how intense exercise should be.
Leadership Lessons from Managing Multinational Project Teams
Authors: Asgary Nader , Thamhain Hans 
Published: November 2015

The challenges of managing culturally diverse and globally dispersed project teams are examined in a field study of multinational product developments. Our objectives are to improve the understanding of the: (i) dynamics and interaction of culturally diverse project teams and (ii) influences of managerial leadership on performance. Special focus is on complex, technology-based, geographically dispersed project environments. The findings provide insight into the business processes, organizational conditions and managerial leadership style most conducive to high team performance in complex and culturally diverse project environments. The paper suggests a framework for assessing leadership effectiveness and makes recommendations for building high-performance multinational project teams.
Identification of Developmental Endothelial Locus-1 on Circulating Extracellular Vesicles as a Novel Biomarker for Early Breast Cancer Detection
Authors: Moon Pyong-Gon , Lee Jeong-Eun , Cho Young-Eun , Lee Soo Jung , Jung Jin Hyang , Chae Yee Soo , Bae Han-Ik , Kim Young-Bum , Kim In-San , Park Ho Yong , Baek Moon-Chang 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Purpose: Currently, there are no molecular biomarkers for the early detection of breast cancer. This study focused on identifying surface proteins found on circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) for detecting early-stage breast cancer.
Experimental Design: Circulating EVs, isolated from the plasma of 10 patients with breast cancer (stages I and II) and 5 healthy controls, were analyzed using LC-MS/MS. Developmental endothelial locus-1 protein (Del-1) was selected as a candidate biomarker. Two different ELISAs were used to measure Del-1 in plasma samples from healthy controls (n = 81), patients with breast cancer (n = 269), breast cancer patients after surgical resection (n = 50), patients with benign breast tumors (n = 64), and patients with noncancerous diseases (n = 98) in two cohorts.
Results: Plasma Del-1 levels were significantly higher (P &lt; 0.0001) in patients with breast cancer than in all controls and returned to almost normal after tumor removal. The diagnostic accuracy of Del-1 was AUC, 0.961 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.924–0.983], sensitivity of 94.70%, and specificity of 86.36% in test cohort and 0.968 (0.933–0.988), 92.31%, and 86.62% in validation cohort for early-stage breast cancer by one type of ELISA. Furthermore, Del-1 maintained diagnostic accuracy for patients with early-stage breast cancer using the other type of ELISA [0.946 (0.905–0.972), 90.90%, and 77.14% in the test cohort; 0.943 (0.900–0.971), 89.23%, and 80.99% in the validation cohort].
Conclusions: Del-1 on circulating EVs is a promising marker to improve identification of patients with early-stage breast cancer and distinguish breast cancer from benign breast tumors and noncancerous diseases. Clin Cancer Res; 22(7); 1757–66. ©2015 AACR.
Percepção, compreensão e humanidade: os atos de linguagem e seus sujeitos
Authors: Ramos Daniele Gross 
Published: November 2015

Resenha da obra CHARAUDEAU, Patrick. Linguagem e discurso: modos de organização. (Coordenação da equipe de tradução Ângela M. S. Corrêa &amp; Ida Lúcia Machado). São Paulo: Contexto, 2008.
Sobre a impureza artística: aproximações entre cinema, música e pintura a partir da cena final de Zabriskie Point
Authors: Luersen Eduardo Harry 
Published: November 2015

Neste artigo investigamos os diálogos transversais entre formas de arte distintas a partir da produção cinematográfica, mais especificamente do filme <em>Zabriskie Point</em>, do diretor Michelangelo Antonioni. Procuramos entender como o cineasta pode obter repertório a partir do imaginário das artes visuais e como pode fazer uso e se apropriar de linguagens distintas na construção de sua própria forma de expressar um olhar sobre o mundo.
Jornalismo colaborativo e redes sociais no mainstream: estudo comparado do jornal zerohora.com e do washingtonpost.com
Authors: Rublescki Anelise , Barichello Eugenia 
Published: November 2015

<p>O artigo discute o jornalismo colaborativo pela ótica dos conglomerados de mídia. Demonstra que tanto a colaboração do leitor nos espaços dos jornais quanto a intensa inserção das publicações nas redes sociais constituem-se de estratégias de visibilidade e legitimação dos conglomerados na nova ecologia midiática. Metodologicamente, tratase de um estudo que concilia revisão da literatura e empirismo, a partir do estudo comparado entre dois webjornais do mainstream: zerohora. com e washingtonpost.com.</p>
O livro-reportagem e suas especificidades no campo jornalístico
Authors: Rocha Paula Melani , Xavier Cintia 
Published: November 2015

<p>O artigo proposto traz algumas reflexões sobre o processo de produção do livro-reportagem e o conhecimento no campo do jornalismo. Ele discute as interfaces com gêneros como interpretativo, investigativo, literário e elabora especificidades próprias por ser um suporte específico com estrutura e linguagem diferenciada. Nesse sentido, o livro-reportagem é mais do que uma “extensão da reportagem”. A metodologia adotada envolve pesquisa bibliográfica e uma reflexão propositiva. A discussão pretende contribuir para os estudos sobre jornalismo e livro-reportagem bem como para a produção do próprio produto que vem crescendo tanto na academia como também no mercado editorial.</p>
Socioeconomic Conditions in Childhood, Adolescence, and Adulthood and the Risk of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Becher Heiko , Palm Frederick , Aigner Annette , Safer Anton , Urbanek Christian , Buggle Florian , Grond-Ginsbach Caspar , Grau Armin J. 
Published: November 2015

Background and Purpose—
The association between socioeconomic status in adulthood and the risk of stroke is well established; however, the independent effects of socioeconomic conditions in different life phases are less understood.

Methods—
Within a population-based stroke registry, we performed a case–control study with 470 ischemic stroke patients (cases) aged 18 to 80 years and 809 age- and sex-matched stroke-free controls, randomly selected from the population (study period October 2007 to April 2012). We assessed socioeconomic conditions in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, and developed a socioeconomic risk score for each life period.

Results—
Socioeconomic conditions were less favorable in cases regarding paternal profession, living conditions and estimated family income in childhood, school degree, and vocational training in adolescence, last profession, marital status and periods of unemployment in adulthood. Using tertiles of score values, low socioeconomic conditions during childhood (odds ratio 1.77; 95% confidence interval 1.20–2.60) and adulthood (odds ratio 1.74; 95% confidence interval 1.16–2.60) but not significantly during adolescence (odds ratio 1.64; 95% confidence interval 0.97–2.78) were associated with stroke risk after adjustment for risk factors and other life stages. Medical risk factors attenuated the effect of childhood conditions, and lifestyle factors reduced the effect of socioeconomic conditions in adolescence and adulthood. Unfavorable childhood socioeconomic conditions were particularly associated with large artery atherosclerotic stroke in adulthood (odds ratio 2.13; 95% confidence interval 1.24–3.67).

Conclusions—
This study supports the hypothesis that unfavorable childhood socioeconomic conditions are related to ischemic stroke risk, independent of established risk factors and socioeconomic status in adulthood, and fosters the idea that stroke prevention needs to begin early in life.
Different Antiplatelet Strategies in Patients With New Ischemic Stroke While Taking Aspirin
Authors: Kim Joon-Tae , Park Man-Seok , Choi Kang-Ho , Cho Ki-Hyun , Kim Beom Joon , Han Moon-Ku , Park Tai Hwan , Park Sang-Soon , Lee Kyung Bok , Lee Byung-Chul , Yu Kyung-Ho , Oh Mi Sun , Cha Jae Kwan , Kim Dae-Hyun , Nah Hyun-Wook , Lee Jun , Lee Soo Joo , Ko Young-Chai , Kim Jae Guk , Park Jong-Moo , Kang Kyusik , Cho Yong-Jin , Hong Keun-Sik , Choi Jay Chol , Kim Dong-Eog , Ryu Wi-Sun , Shin Dong-Ick , Yeo Min-Ju , Kim Wook-Joo , Lee Juneyoung , Lee Ji Sung , Saver Jeffrey L. , Bae Hee-Joon 
Published: November 2015

Background and Purpose—
Selecting among different antiplatelet strategies when patients experience a new ischemic stroke while taking aspirin is a common clinical challenge, currently addressed by a paucity of data.

Methods—
This study is an analysis of a prospective multicenter stroke registry database from 14 hospitals in South Korea. Patients with acute noncardioembolic stroke, who were taking aspirin for prevention of ischemic events at the time of onset of stroke, were enrolled. Study subjects were divided into 3 groups according to the subsequent antiplatelet therapy strategy pursued; maintaining aspirin monotherapy (MA group), switching aspirin to nonaspirin antiplatelet agents (SA group), and adding another antiplatelet agent to aspirin (AA group). The primary study end point was the composite of stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic), myocardial infarction, and vascular death up to 1 year after stroke onset.

Results—

A total of 1172 patients were analyzed for this study. Antiplatelet strategies pursued in study patients were MA group in 212 (18.1%), SA group in 246 (21.0%), and AA group in 714 (60.9%). The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that, compared with the MA group, there was a reduction in the composite vascular event primary end point in the SA group (hazard ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.27–0.92;
P
=0.03) and in the AA group (hazard ratio, 0.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.24–0.66;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions—
This study showed that, compared with maintaining aspirin, switching to or adding alternative antiplatelet agents may be better in preventing subsequent vascular events in patients who experienced a new ischemic stroke while taking aspirin.