bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A propensity score matching analysis of dasatinib and nilotinib as a frontline therapy for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase
Authors: Takahashi Koichi , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Yang Yulong , Sasaki Koji , Jain Preetesh , DellaSala Sara , Ravandi Farhad , Kadia Tapan , Pemmaraju Naveen , Daver Naval , Borthakur Gautam , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Jabbour Elias , Cortes Jorge E. 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUNDBoth dasatinib and nilotinib are approved frontline therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML‐CP) based on randomized trials compared with imatinib. However, no head‐to‐head comparison of dasatinib and nilotinib has been conducted in patients with newly diagnosed CML‐CP.METHODSThe authors conducted a propensity score (PS) matched comparison of patients with CML‐CP who received frontline therapy with either dasatinib (N = 102) or nilotinib (N = 104) under the respective phase 2 trials conducted in parallel.RESULTSPS matching resulted in 87 patients from each trial being matched for pretreatment characteristics. The 3‐month BCR‐ABL1/ABL1 ratio <10% rate was 93% with dasatinib and 94% with nilotinib (P = .25); the rates of major molecular response at 12 months were 77% and 85%, respectively (P = .13); and the rates of molecular response with 4.5‐log reduction in the ratio at 36 months were 66% and 64%, respectively (P = .96). All other clinically relevant responses were similar between the 2 treatment cohorts. The 3‐year probability of event‐free survival was 89% among the patients who received dasatinib and 87% among those who received nilotinib (P = .99), and the corresponding 3‐year overall survival probabilities were 99% and 93%, respectively (P = .95). No statistical difference was observed between the dasatinib and nilotinib groups in any of the other survival endpoints. The treatment discontinuation rate also was similar between the 2 cohorts (dasatinib group, 18%; nilotinib group, 19%; P = .82).CONCLUSIONSIn a PS‐matched cohort of patients with newly diagnosed CML‐CP, dasatinib and nilotinib offer similar response and survival outcomes. Both drugs can be considered reasonable standard‐of‐care options as first‐line therapy for patients with CML‐CP. Cancer 2016;122:3336–3343. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
White adipose tissue inflammation and cancer‐specific survival in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue
Authors: Iyengar Neil M. , Ghossein Ronald A. , Morris Luc G. , Zhou Xi K. , Kochhar Amit , Morris Patrick G. , Pfister David G. , Patel Snehal G. , Boyle Jay O. , Hudis Clifford A. , Dannenberg Andrew J. 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUNDObesity is associated with increased adipose tissue in the tongue. Chronic white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation commonly occurs in the obese. We investigated whether WAT inflammation in the tongue impacts survival in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral tongue.METHODSIn a retrospective cohort study, patients with T1 and T2 SCC of the oral tongue who underwent curative‐intent resection were included. Tongue WAT inflammation was defined by the presence of dead or dying adipocytes surrounded by macrophages forming crown‐like structures. The primary and secondary endpoints were disease‐specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS), respectively. Subgroup analyses were carried out in patients without lymph node involvement for whom adjuvant therapies were not indicated.RESULTSArchived tissue was available from 125 patients. The median follow‐up was 55 months (range, 3‐156 months). Overall, 49 of 125 patients (39%) had tongue WAT inflammation, which was associated with higher body mass index, increased tumor thickness, and vascular invasion (P < .05). The 3‐year DSS rate for patients with tongue WAT inflammation was 59% (95% confidence interval [CI], 46%‐76%) versus 82% (95% CI, 73%‐92%) for those without inflammation. For patients without lymph node involvement for whom adjuvant therapy was not indicated (N = 70), tongue WAT inflammation was associated with shortened DSS and OS (P < .05). When adjusted for body mass index and potential prognostic covariates, the hazard ratio for DSS and OS was 5.40 (95% CI, 1.20‐24.26) and 2.97 (95% CI, 1.02‐8.65), respectively.CONCLUSIONSTongue WAT inflammation is associated with worse DSS and OS in patients who have early stage SCC of the oral tongue. Cancer 2016;122:3794–3802. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
The Foxb1‐expressing neurons of the ventrolateral hypothalamic parvafox nucleus project to defensive circuits
Authors: Bilella Alessandro , Alvarez‐Bolado Gonzalo , Celio Marco R. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe parvafox nucleus is an elongated structure that is lodged within the ventrolateral hypothalamus and lies along the optic tract. It comprises axially located parvalbumin (Parv)‐positive neurons and a peripheral cuff of Foxb1‐expressing ones. In the present study, injections of Cre‐dependent adenoviral constructs were targeted to the ventrolateral hypothalamus of Foxb1/Cre mice to label specifically and map the efferent connections of the Foxb1‐expressing subpopulation of neurons of the parvafox nucleus. These neurons project more widely than do the Parv‐positive ones and implicate a part of the axons known to emanate from the lateral hypothalamus. High labeling densities were found in the dorsolateral and the upper lateral portion of the periaqueductal gray (PAG), the Su3 and PV2 nuclei of the ventrolateral PAG, the cuneiform nucleus, the mesencephalic reticular formation, and the superior colliculus. Intermediate densities of terminals were encountered in the septum, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, substantia innominata, various thalamic and hypothalamic nuclei, pedunculopontine nucleus, Barrington's nucleus, retrofacial nucleus, and retroambigual nucleus. Scattered terminals were observed in the olfactory bulbs, the prefrontal cortex and the lamina X of the cervical spinal cord. Because the terminals were demonstrated to express the glutamate transporter VGlut2, the projections are presumed to be excitatory. A common denominator of the main target sites of the Foxb1‐positive axons of the parvafox nucleus appears to be an involvement in the defensive reactions to life‐threatening situations. The hypothalamic parvafox nucleus may contribute to the autonomic manifestations that accompany the expression of emotions. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:2955–2981, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rigorous 3-dimensional spectral data activity relationship approach modeling strategy for ToxCast estrogen receptor data classification, validation, and feature extraction
Authors: Slavov Svetoslav H. , Beger Richard D. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

The estrogenic potential (expressed as a score composite of 18 high throughput screening bioassays) of 1528 compounds from the ToxCast database was modeled by a 3-dimensional spectral data activity relationship approach (3D-SDAR). Due to a lack of 17O nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) simulation software, the most informative carbon–carbon 3D-SDAR fingerprints were augmented with indicator variables representing oxygen atoms from carbonyl and carboxamide, ester, sulfonyl, nitro, aliphatic hydroxyl, and phenolic hydroxyl groups. To evaluate the true predictive performance of the authors’ model the United States Environmental Protection Agency provided them with a blind test set consisting of 2008 compounds. Of these, 543 had available literature data—their binding affinity served to estimate the external classification accuracy of the developed model: predictive accuracy of 0.62, sensitivity of 0.71, and specificity of 0.53 were obtained. Compared with alternative modeling techniques, the authors’ model displayed very little reduction in performance between the modeling and the prediction set. A 3D-SDAR mapping technique allowed identification of structural features essential for estrogenicity: 1) the presence of a phenolic OH group or cyclohexenone, 2) a second aromatic or phenolic ring at a distance of 6 Å to 8 Å from the oxygen of the first phenol ring, 3) the presence of a methyl group approximately 6 Å away from the centroid of a phenol ring, and 4) a carbonyl group in close proximity (∼4 Å measured to the centroid) to 1 of the phenol rings. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:823–830. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Unidirectional and sustained delivery of the proresolving lipid mediator resolvin D1 from a biodegradable thin film device
Authors: Lance Kevin D. , Chatterjee Anuran , Wu Bian , Mottola Giorgio , Nuhn Harald , Lee Phin Peng , Sansbury Brian E. , Spite Matthew , Desai Tejal A. , Conte Michael S. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractResolvin D1 (RvD1) belongs to a family of endogenously derived proresolving lipid mediators that have been shown to attenuate inflammation, activate proresolution signaling, and promote homeostasis and recovery from tissue injury. In this study we present a poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) based thin‐film device composed of layers of varying ratios of lactic and glycolic acid that elutes RvD1 unidirectionally to target tissues. The device demonstrated sustained release in vitro for 56 days with an initial burst of release over 14 days. The asymmetric design of the device released 98% of RvD1 through the layer with the lowest molar ratio of lactic acid to glycolic acid, and the remainder through the opposite side. We validated structural integrity of RvD1 released from the device by mass spectrometry and investigated its bioactivity on human vascular endothelial (EC) and smooth muscle cells (VSMC). RvD1 released from the device attenuated VSMC migration, proliferation, and TNF‐α induced NF‐κB activation, without evidence of cytotoxicity. Delivery of RvD1 to blood vessels was demonstrated ex vivo in a flow chamber system using perfused rabbit aortas and in vivo in a rat carotid artery model, with the devices applied as an adventitial wrap. Our results demonstrate a novel approach for sustained, local delivery of Resolvin D1 to vascular tissue at therapeutically relevant levels. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 31–41, 2017.
Drying–rewetting cycles release phosphorus from forest soils
Authors: Dinh Mai‐Van , Schramm Thilo , Spohn Marie , Matzner Egbert 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDrying–rewetting cycles (D/W) occur frequently in topsoils and may mobilize phosphorus (P). We investigated the effect of repeated D/W on the release of dissolved inorganic (DIP) and organic P (DOP) from forest floors and A horizons. Samples were taken from 3 European beech sites and from 3 Norway spruce sites. Soils were desiccated up to pF 6 (–100 MPa) in three D/W cycles in the laboratory, while the controls were kept permanently at 50% water holding capacity. After each drying, P was extracted from the soils in water. D/W caused the release of DIP and DOP especially from O layers. There was no general difference in response to D/W between samples from beech and spruce. The net release of DIP after D/W was largest from the Oe horizons (average 50–60 mg P kg−1) for both beech and spruce forest soils. The net release of DIP from Oi layers was on average 7.8 mg P kg−1 and from spruce Oa layers 21.1 mg P kg−1. In the A horizons, net DIP release was similar in beech and spruce soils with 0.4 mg P kg−1. The release of DOP was less than the release of DIP except for the A horizons. Repeated cycles did not increase the release of DIP and DOP. The release of DIP and DOP was positively correlated with the microbial biomass in Oe and Oa layers but not in Oi layers. Our results suggest that D/W may significantly influence the short term availability of dissolved P in both beech and spruce forest soils.
Face and Emotion Recognition on Commercial Property under EU Data Protection Law
Authors: Lewinski Peter , Trzaskowski Jan , Luzak Joasia 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper integrates and cuts through domains of privacy law and biometrics. Specifically, this paper presents a legal analysis on the use of Automated Facial Recognition Systems (the AFRS) in commercial (retail store) settings within the European Union data protection framework. The AFRS is a typical instance of biometric technologies, where a distributed system of dozens of low‐cost cameras uses psychological states, sociodemographic characteristics, and identity recognition algorithms on thousands of passers‐by and customers. Current use cases and theoretical possibilities are discussed due to the technology's potential of becoming a substantial privacy issue. First, this paper introduces the AFRS and EU data protection law. This is followed by an analysis of European Data protection law and its application in relation to the use of the AFRS, including requirements concerning data quality and legitimate processing of personal data, which, finally, leads to an overview of measures that traders can take to comply with data protection law, including by means of information, consent, and anonymization.
Marine and giant viruses as indicators of a marine microbial community in a riverine system
Authors: Dann Lisa M. , Rosales Stephanie , McKerral Jody , Paterson James S. , Smith Renee J. , Jeffries Thomas C. , Oliver Rod L. , Mitchell James G. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractViral communities are important for ecosystem function as they are involved in critical biogeochemical cycles and controlling host abundance. This study investigates riverine viral communities around a small rural town that influences local water inputs. Myoviridae, Siphoviridae, Phycodnaviridae, Mimiviridae, Herpesviridae, and Podoviridae were the most abundant families. Viral species upstream and downstream of the town were similar, with Synechoccocus phage, salinus, Prochlorococcus phage, Mimivirus A, and Human herpes 6A virus most abundant, contributing to 4.9–38.2% of average abundance within the metagenomic profiles, with Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus present in metagenomes as the expected hosts for the phage. Overall, the majority of abundant viral species were or were most similar to those of marine origin. At over 60 km to the river mouth, the presence of marine communities provides some support for the Baas‐Becking hypothesis “everything is everywhere, but, the environment selects.” We conclude marine microbial species may occur more frequently in freshwater systems than previously assumed, and hence may play important roles in some freshwater ecosystems within tens to a hundred kilometers from the sea.
Thin and surface adhesive ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride) films with β phase‐inducing amino modified porous silica nanofillers
Authors: Tiwari Vimal K. , Ghorpade Ravindra V. , Kim Kang Lib , Song Giyoung , Kim Taehee , Han Haksoo , Park Cheolmin 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTWe report an efficient route for ferroelectric polar β phase generation in poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) through incorporation of amine functionalized, porous silica (MCM‐41 and fumed silica) based nanofillers. These porous highly functionalized surfaces exhibit the efficient secondary interaction with polymer chain via hydrogen bonding. Structural analysis through FTIR, XRD, and TEM confirm high degree of ferroelectric polar β phase generation of PVDF through incorporation of amino modified porous silica nanofillers. Optimized loading (5 wt %) of amine functionalized, porous silica in PVDF matrix enhances relative intensity of β phase up to 75%. Disappearance of spherulite structure of PVDF with amino modified porous silica nanofillers, as confirmed through POM, TEM, SEM and AFM studies also supports the above conclusion. The P‐E hysteresis loop at sweep voltage of ±50 V of a thin PVDF‐amino modified porous nanofiller film shows excellent ferroelectric property with nearly saturated high remnant polarization 2.8 µC.cm−2 owing to its large proportion of β PVDF, whereas, a nonpolar pure PVDF thin film shows unsaturated hysteresis loop with 0.6 µC.cm−2 remnant polarization. PVDF films with the nanofillers exhibit strong adhesive strength over different metallic substrates making them have edge over PVDF in various thin film applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016, 54, 2401–2411
Quiescent Bone Lining Cells Are a Major Source of Osteoblasts During Adulthood
Authors: Matic Igor , Matthews Brya G. , Wang Xi , Dyment Nathaniel A. , Worthley Daniel L. , Rowe David W. , Grcevic Danka , Kalajzic Ivo 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The in vivo origin of bone-producing osteoblasts is not fully defined. Skeletal stem cells, a population of mesenchymal stem cells resident in the bone marrow compartment, are thought to act as osteoprogenitors during growth and adulthood. Quiescent bone lining cells (BLCs) have been suggested as a population capable of activation into mature osteoblasts. These cells were defined by location and their morphology and studies addressing their significance have been hampered by their inaccessibility, and lack of markers that would allow for their identification and tracing. Using lineage tracing models, we have observed labeled osteoblasts at time points extending beyond the reported lifespan for this cell type, suggesting continuous reactivation of BLCs. BLCs also make a major contribution to bone formation after osteoblast ablation, which includes the ability to proliferate. In contrast, mesenchymal progenitors labeled by Gremlin1 or alpha smooth muscle actin do not contribute to bone formation in this setting. BLC activation is inhibited by glucocorticoids, which represent a well-established cause of osteoporosis. BLCs express cell surface markers characteristic of mesenchymal stem/progenitors that are largely absent in osteoblasts including Sca1 and Leptin Receptor. BLCs also show different gene expression profiles to osteoblasts, including elevated expression of Mmp13, and osteoclast regulators RANKL and macrophage colony stimulating factor, and retain osteogenic potential upon transplantation. Our findings provide evidence that bone lining cells represent a major source of osteoblasts during adulthood.
PGE2/EP4 Signaling Controls the Transfer of the Mammary Stem Cell State by Lipid Rafts in Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Lin Meng-Chieh , Chen Shih-Yin , Tsai Ho-Min , He Pei-Lin , Lin Yen-Chun , Herschman Harvey , Li Hua-Jung 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-initiated signaling contributes to stem cell homeostasis and regeneration. However, it is unclear how PGE2 signaling controls cell stemness. This study identifies a previously unknown mechanism by which PGE2/prostaglandin E receptor 4 (EP4) signaling regulates multiple signaling pathways (e.g., PI3K/Akt signaling, TGFβ signaling, Wnt signaling, EGFR signaling) which maintain the basal mammary stem cell phenotype. A shift of basal mammary epithelial stem cells (MaSCs) from a mesenchymal/stem cell state to a non-basal-MaSC state occurs in response to prostaglandin E receptor 4 (EP4) antagonism. EP4 antagonists elicit release of signaling components, by controlling their trafficking into extracellular vesicles/exosomes in a lipid raft/caveolae-dependent manner. Consequently, EP4 antagonism indirectly inactivates, through induced extracellular vesicle/exosome release, pathways required for mammary epithelial stem cell homeostasis, e.g. canonical/noncanonical Wnt, TGFβ and PI3K/Akt pathways. EP4 antagonism causes signaling receptors and signaling components to shift from non-lipid raft fractions to lipid raft fractions, and to then be released in EP4 antagonist-induced extracellular vesicles/exosomes, resulting in the loss of the stem cell state by mammary epithelial stem cells. In contrast, luminal mammary epithelial cells can acquire basal stem cell properties following ingestion of EP4 antagonist-induced stem cell extracellular vesicles/exosomes, and can then form mammary glands. These findings demonstrate that PGE2/EP4 signaling controls homeostasis of mammary epithelial stem cells through regulating extracellular vesicle/exosome release. Reprogramming of mammary epithelial cells can result from EP4-mediated stem cell property transfer by extracellular vesicles/exosomes containing caveolae-associated proteins, between mammary basal and luminal epithelial cells.
Violent media exposure, aggression and CU traits in adolescence: Testing the selection and socialization hypotheses
Authors: Rydell Ann‐Margret 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTWe investigated the role of exposure to violent action for later aggression and for later callous‐unemotional traits in a sample of Swedish adolescents (N = 77–85), testing the selection and socialization hypotheses. Adolescents reported on violent delinquency and on callous‐unemotional (CU) traits at age 15, on their media habits at age 16 and on reactive and proactive aggression and CU traits at age 18. The socialization hypothesis was supported with regard to aggression, that is, violent delinquency did not affect consumption of violent action, but controlling for violent delinquency, consumption of violent action added to proactive aggression and, marginally, to reactive aggression. The selection hypothesis was supported with regard to CU traits, that is, high levels of CU traits predicted frequent consumption of violent action, but consumption of violent action did not affect later levels of CU traits. Frequent violent media use was associated with later aggression. The associations between CU traits and violent media need further study.
Evolution or Revolution? Evaluating the Territorial State-Based Regime of International Law in the Context of the Physical Disappearance of Territory Due to Climate Change and Sea-Level Rise
Authors: BLANCHARD CATHERINE 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe threat of the permanent physical disappearance of the territory of states no longer belongs to the mythical realm, and the situation is particularly imminent for small island developing states. While most international legal scholarship has so far focused on issues stemming from territorial disappearance, this article goes one step further. It questions the appropriateness of the classical notion of the territorial state — a socio-cultural and politico-legal entity evolving on a defined territorial area — as the basis for an international legal system faced with new realities created by climate change, sea-level rise, and globalization. After examining the current rules on statehood within the context of the physical disappearance of states’ territories and looking into the solutions suggested in the legal literature to address territorial loss, this article assesses a new way of understanding statehood by exploring theoretical lenses through which a new model of statehood could be contemplated.