bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Satellite and Airborne Remote Sensing Applications for Freshwater Fisheries
Authors: Dauwalter Daniel C. , Fesenmyer Kurt A. , Bjork Robin , Leasure Douglas R. , Wenger Seth J. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Remote sensing has been pivotal to our understanding of freshwater fisheries, and we review this rapidly changing field with a focus on satellite and airborne applications. Historical applications emphasized spatial variation in the environment (e.g., watershed land use and in situ primary productivity), but improved access to imagery archives facilitates better change detection over time. New sensor platforms and technology now yield imagery with higher spatial, temporal, and spectral resolutions than ever before, which has accelerated development of remote sensing products that more accurately characterize aquatic environments. Free access to imagery archives, cloud computing, and availability of derived products linked to national hydrography databases are all removing historical barriers to its use by fisheries professionals. These advances in remote sensing have allowed new questions to be answered at finer spatial resolutions across broader landscapes and longer time frames, providing a new big-picture perspective to freshwater fisheries conservation and management.
Unsupervised multiple kernel learning for heterogeneous data integration
Authors: Mariette Jérôme , Villa-Vialaneix Nathalie 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Recent high-throughput sequencing advances have expanded the breadth of available omics datasets and the integrated analysis of multiple datasets obtained on the same samples has allowed to gain important insights in a wide range of applications. However, the integration of various sources of information remains a challenge for systems biology since produced datasets are often of heterogeneous types, with the need of developing generic methods to take their different specificities into account.

Results
We propose a multiple kernel framework that allows to integrate multiple datasets of various types into a single exploratory analysis. Several solutions are provided to learn either a consensus meta-kernel or a meta-kernel that preserves the original topology of the datasets. We applied our framework to analyse two public multi-omics datasets. First, the multiple metagenomic datasets, collected during the TARA Oceans expedition, was explored to demonstrate that our method is able to retrieve previous findings in a single kernel PCA as well as to provide a new image of the sample structures when a larger number of datasets are included in the analysis. To perform this analysis, a generic procedure is also proposed to improve the interpretability of the kernel PCA in regards with the original data. Second, the multi-omics breast cancer datasets, provided by The Cancer Genome Atlas, is analysed using a kernel Self-Organizing Maps with both single and multi-omics strategies. The comparison of these two approaches demonstrates the benefit of our integration method to improve the representation of the studied biological system.

Availability and implementation
Proposed methods are available in the R package mixKernel, released on CRAN. It is fully compatible with the mixOmics package and a tutorial describing the approach can be found on mixOmics web site http://mixomics.org/mixkernel/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Comparing galaxy formation in semi-analytic models and hydrodynamical simulations
Authors: Mitchell Peter D. , Lacey Cedric G. , Lagos Claudia D. P. , Frenk Carlos S. , Bower Richard G. , Cole Shaun , Helly John C. , Schaller Matthieu , Gonzalez-Perez Violeta , Theuns Tom 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIt is now possible for hydrodynamical simulations to reproduce a representative galaxy population. Accordingly, it is timely to assess critically some of the assumptions of traditional semi-analytic galaxy formation models. We use the eagle simulations to assess assumptions built into the galform semi-analytic model, focusing on those relating to baryon cycling, angular momentum and feedback. We show that the assumption in galform that newly formed stars have the same specific angular momentum as the total disc leads to a significant overestimate of the total stellar specific angular momentum of disc galaxies. In eagle, stars form preferentially out of low-specific angular momentum gas in the interstellar medium due to the assumed gas density threshold for stars to form, leading to more realistic galaxy sizes. We find that stellar mass assembly is similar between galform and eagle but that the evolution of gas properties is different, with various indications that the rate of baryon cycling in eagle is slower than is assumed in galform. Finally, by matching individual galaxies between eagle and galform, we find that an artificial dependence of active galactic nucleus feedback and gas infall rates on halo mass-doubling events in galform drives most of the scatter in stellar mass between individual objects. Put together our results suggest that the galform semi-analytic model can be significantly improved in light of recent advances.
Opioid Addiction in Pregnancy: Does Depression Negatively Impact Adherence With Prenatal Care?
Authors: Hensley Lauren , Sulo Suela , Kozmic Sarah , Parilla Barbara V. 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
We aimed to evaluate whether depression in pregnancy in women with opioid dependency negatively impacts adherence with prenatal care.

Methods:
This was a retrospective chart analysis of opioid-dependent pregnant women over a 6-year period at 2 large referral and tertiary care centers. The primary outcome was adherence with prenatal care based on the concurrent diagnosis of depression. Adherence was assessed by looking at the number of observed versus expected prenatal visits. Secondary outcomes included neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay, and incidence and severity of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS).

Results:
A total of 74 patient charts were reviewed. 45/74 (60.8%) of the opioid-dependent pregnant patients were either diagnosed with depression (n = 41), anxiety (n = 2), or scored >10 on the Edinburgh Prenatal Depression Scale (n = 1). Patients with a diagnosis of depression were significantly less adherent with prenatal care; 80% adherent (73% vs 93%; P = 0.03), 90% adherent (62% vs 93%; P = 0.003). A higher number of patients in the depression group had an infant treated for withdrawal (62% vs 38%; P = 0.041), and had longer NICU stays (27% vs 21%; P = 0.018). Analysis of the whole cohort of opioid dependent gravidas revealed Buprenorphine maintenance therapy had the lowest mean NAS score 6.5 ± 4.4, compared with methadone maintenance 10.6 ± 3.6, and no maintenance therapy 9.4 ± 4.0 (P = 0.008).

Conclusion:
Depression negatively impacts adherence with prenatal care and was significantly associated with a higher incidence of neonatal withdrawal and longer NICU stays. Buprenorphine therapy had the lowest incidence and severity of NAS when compared with methadone and no maintenance therapy.
Propofol-induced Changes in α-β Sensorimotor Cortical Connectivity
Authors: Malekmohammadi Mahsa , AuYong Nicholas , Price Collin M. , Tsolaki Evangelia , Hudson Andrew E. , Pouratian Nader 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background
Anesthetics are believed to alter functional connectivity across brain regions. However, network-level analyses of anesthesia, particularly in humans, are sparse. The authors hypothesized that propofol-induced loss of consciousness results in functional disconnection of human sensorimotor cortices underlying the loss of volitional motor responses.

Methods
The authors recorded local field potentials from sensorimotor cortices in patients with Parkinson disease (N = 12) and essential tremor (N = 7) undergoing deep brain stimulation surgery, before and after propofol-induced loss of consciousness. Local spectral power and interregional connectivity (coherence and imaginary coherence) were evaluated separately across conditions for the two populations.

Results
Propofol anesthesia caused power increases for frequencies between 2 and 100 Hz across the sensorimotor cortices and a shift of the dominant spectral peak in α and β frequencies toward lower frequencies (median ± SD peak frequency: 24.5 ± 2.6 Hz to 12.8 ± 2.3 Hz in Parkinson disease; 13.8 ± 2.1 Hz to 12.1 ± 1.0 Hz in essential tremor). Despite local increases in power, sensorimotor cortical coherence was suppressed with propofol in both cohorts, specifically in β frequencies (18 to 29 Hz) for Parkinson disease and α and β (10 to 48 Hz) in essential tremor.

Conclusions
The decrease in functional connectivity between sensory and motor cortices, despite an increase in local spectral power, suggests that propofol causes a functional disconnection of cortices with increases in autonomous activity within cortical regions. This pattern occurs across diseases evaluated, suggesting that these may be generalizable effects of propofol in patients with movement disorders and beyond. Sensorimotor network disruption may underlie anesthetic-induced loss of volitional control.
Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Tinnitus and Tinnitus-Related Handicap in a College-Aged Population
Authors: Bhatt Ishan Sunilkumar 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
Tinnitus is a common otological condition that affects almost 10% of US adults. Research suggests that college students are vulnerable to tinnitus and hearing loss as they are exposed to traumatic levels of noise on a regular basis. Tinnitus and its influence in daily living continue to be underappreciated in the college-aged population. Therefore, the objective for the present study was to analyze prevalence and associated risk factors of tinnitus and tinnitus-related handicap in a sample of college-aged students.

Design:
A survey was administered to 678 students aged 18–30 years in a cross-section of randomly selected university classes. The survey was adopted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010). It inquired about demographic details, medical and audiological history, routine noise exposure, smoking, sound level tolerance, tinnitus, and tinnitus-related handicap in daily living. Tinnitus-related handicap was assessed by the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI). Participants were divided into four groups: chronic tinnitus (bothersome tinnitus for >1 year), acute tinnitus (bothersome tinnitus for ≤1 year), subacute tinnitus (at least one experience of tinnitus in a lifetime), and no tinnitus (no experience of tinnitus in a lifetime).

Results:
The prevalence of chronic, acute, subacute, and no tinnitus was 8.4%, 13.0%, 37.9%, and 40.7% respectively. Almost 9% of subjects with any form of tinnitus reported more than a slight tinnitus-related handicap (i.e., THI score ≥18). A multinomial regression analysis revealed that individuals with high noise exposure, high sound level tolerance score, recurring ear infections, and self-reported hearing loss had high odds of chronic tinnitus. Females showed higher prevalence of acute tinnitus than males. Individuals with European American ethnicity and smoking history showed high odds of reporting subacute tinnitus. Almost 10% of the subjects reported that they were music students. The prevalence of chronic, acute, and subacute tinnitus was 11.3%, 22.5%, and 32.4%, respectively, for musicians, which was significantly higher than that for nonmusicians. Music exposure, firearm noise exposure, and occupational noise exposure were significantly correlated with tinnitus. Temporal characteristics of tinnitus, self-reported tinnitus loudness, and sound level tolerance were identified as major predictors for the overall THI score.

Conclusions:
Despite the reluctance to complain about tinnitus, a substantial portion of college-aged individuals reported tinnitus experience and its adverse influence in daily living. It was concluded that environmental and health-related factors can trigger tinnitus perception, while self-reported psychoacoustic descriptors of tinnitus may explain perceived tinnitus-related handicap in daily living by college-aged individuals. Future research is required to explore effects of tinnitus on educational achievements, social interaction, and vocational aspects of college students.
The Effect of Soft Tissue Injuries on Clinical Outcomes After Tibial Plateau Fracture Fixation
Authors: Warner Stephen J. , Garner Matthew R. , Schottel Patrick C. , Fabricant Peter D. , Thacher Ryan R. , Loftus Michael L. , Helfet David L. , Lorich Dean G. 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
To determine if ligamentous and meniscal injuries as determined by initial magnetic resonance imaging altered clinical outcomes after the fixation of tibial plateau fractures.

Design:
Comparative cohort study.

Setting:
Academic level I trauma center.

Patients/Participants:
Eighty-two patients from a prospective database of operatively treated tibial plateau fractures met the inclusion criteria, which consisted of injury radiographs, preoperative knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and a minimum of 12 months of clinical outcomes.

Intervention:
In addition to radiographs and computed tomography scans for fracture assessment, an MRI was performed to detect tears in the medial and lateral menisci and complete ruptures of the cruciate ligaments (anterior cruciate ligament and posterior cruciate ligament) and collateral ligaments [lateral collateral ligament and medial collateral ligament (MCL)]. Surgical fixation of tibial plateau fractures was performed by a single surgeon based on injury patterns.

Main Outcome Measurements:
Clinical outcomes included the Knee Outcome Survey Activities of Daily Living Scale, the Lower Extremity Functional Scale, the Short-Form 36, and knee range of motion. Secondary soft tissue surgeries and conversion to arthroplasty were also noted.

Results:
On injury MRI, 60 patients (73%) had injuries to at least one soft tissue structure. At final follow-up, 2 patients (2%) had a secondary soft tissue surgery and 1 patient (1%) underwent total knee arthroplasty. Patient-reported outcomes and range of motion assessments were not significantly different in patients with and without medial meniscal tears, lateral meniscal tears, and complete MCL ruptures.

Conclusions:
In this cohort of patients with operative tibial plateau fractures, sutured lateral meniscal tears, untreated medial meniscus tears, and complete MCL ruptures did not significantly affect clinical outcomes. In addition, these data suggest that obtaining a preoperative MRI in patients with tibial plateau fractures to diagnose soft tissue injuries may not alter the surgical treatment or alter patient prognosis for midterm outcomes.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Is It Safe to Prep the External Fixator In Situ During Second-Stage Pilon Surgical Treatment?
Authors: Nielsen Paul J. , Grossman Leonid S. , Siebler Justin C. , Lyden Elizabeth R. , Reed Lori K. , Mormino Matthew A. 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
To evaluate the infection rate of our protocol of prepping the external fixator in situ during definitive second-stage pilon fracture open reduction internal fixation.

Design:
Retrospective clinical investigation.

Setting:
Academic Level 1 Trauma Center.

Patients/Participants:
Out of 229 patients with distal tibia fractures presenting to our institution from 1999 to 2014, 100 were treated in a 2-stage fashion utilizing this protocol.

Intervention:
Prepping the external fixator into the surgical field during the second-stage/definitive open reduction internal fixation procedure.

Main Outcome Measurement:
The rates of deep and superficial infections after definitive fixation.

Results:
The deep infection rate was 13%, and the superficial infection rate was 11%.

Conclusions:
Infection rates using this protocol are comparable to previously reported infection rates for two-stage surgical treatment of pilon fractures. This protocol provides the treating surgeon information about an alternative method to streamline definitive fixation.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Outcomes of Preoperative Versus Postoperative Radiation for Heterotopic Ossification Prevention in Children With Neuromuscular Hip Dysplasia Undergoing Proximal Femoral Resection
Authors: Hess Clayton B. , Stein-Wexler Rebecca , Qi LiHong , Davids Jon R. , Fragoso Ruben C. 
Published: October 2017

Background:
Few studies exist to inform the extrapolated practice of irradiating children for heterotopic ossification (HO) prevention. We report the incidence of HO formation following prophylactic preoperative compared with postoperative radiation therapy (RT) in children with neuromuscular hip dysplasia (NHD) following proximal femoral resection (PFR).

Methods:
A retrospective, 2-institution chart review was performed. Eligibility was limited to patients with at least 1 year of follow-up. Evaluation included radiographic HO grading by a combined severity scale, assessment of synchronous symptoms of pain or decreased range of motion, and stratification by preoperative versus postoperative reception of RT. A control cohort included 4 nonirradiated hips with NHD after PFR.

Results:
Twenty-five hips in 20 children met eligibility criteria. Eleven hips were irradiated preoperatively and 14 postoperatively. Radiographic evidence of post-RT development of radiographic evidence of heterotopic ossification (rHO) was found in all 25 hips and earlier in patients irradiated preoperatively (median time to rHO was 4.0 vs. 15.7 mo, P=0.03, 95% confidence interval, 0.24-21.5). There was no statistically significant difference in the development of symptomatic HO (P=0.62) between the preoperative (45.5%) and postoperative (35.7%) groups, nor in HO grade (P=0.34). Seven (28%) of the 25 hips (5 preoperative and 2 postoperative) had documentation of rHO-free intervals after surgery, with an average duration of 5.6 months, while the remaining presented with rHO at first follow-up visit. All eligible control hips (100%) developed rHO and symptomatic heterotopic ossification.

Conclusions:
Perioperative RT did not prevent the formation of HO in any child with NHD after PFR. Extrapolation of evidence of the efficacy of RT for HO prevention in ambulatory adults after traumatic hip injury to a population of children with central nervous system injury and NHD may be premature. Additional studies are needed to clarify optimal prevention of HO in this population.

Level of Evidence:
Level III—therapeutic retrospective comparative study.
Racial and Geographic Disparities in Interhospital ICU Transfers*
Authors: Tyler Patrick D. , Stone David J. , Geisler Benjamin P. , McLennan Stuart , Celi Leo Anthony , Rush Barret 
Published: October 2017

Objectives:
Interhospital transfer, a common intervention, may be subject to healthcare disparities. In mechanically ventilated patients with sepsis, we hypothesize that disparities not disease related would be found between patients who were and were not transferred.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
Nationwide Inpatient Sample, 2006–2012.

Patients:
Patients over 18 years old with a primary diagnosis of sepsis who underwent mechanical ventilation.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
We obtained age, gender, length of stay, race, insurance coverage, do not resuscitate status, and Elixhauser comorbidities. The outcome used was interhospital transfer from a small- or medium-sized hospital to a larger acute care hospital. Of 55,208,382 hospitalizations, 46,406 patients met inclusion criteria. In the multivariate model, patients were less likely to be transferred if the following were present: older age (odds ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.978–0.982), black race (odds ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70–0.89), Hispanic race (odds ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.69–0.90), South region hospital (odds ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.72–0.88), teaching hospital (odds ratio, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.28–0.33), and do not resuscitate status (odds ratio, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.15–0.25).

Conclusions:
In mechanically ventilated patients with sepsis, we found significant disparities in race and geographic location not explained by medical diagnoses or illness severity.
Lasers and Energy-Based Devices in Men
Authors: Crispin Milène K. , Hruza George J. , Kilmer Suzanne L. 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND
The demand for cosmetic treatments with lasers and energy-based devices has increased among men, but there is a dearth of literature that addresses the approach and treatment of cosmetic male patients.

OBJECTIVE
To summarize common cosmetic concerns for which male patients seek cosmetic treatments and to provide sex-specific recommendations for the lasers and energy-based devices that can be used for treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The authors conducted a literature search using the PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases using the search terms male, men, gender, and cosmetic dermatology.

RESULTS
The authors review sex-specific treatment recommendations regarding the use of lasers and energy-based devices for the conditions for which men most commonly seek cosmetic treatment, which include photo-/actinic damage, acne scarring, rhinophyma, hair removal, axillary hyperhidrosis, and loose neck/submental skin. Cosmetic issues the authors will touch on, but whose approaches or considerations vary less in men compared with women, are hyperpigmentation, vascular lesions, and facial rejuvenation.

CONCLUSION
Sex-specific treatment approaches with lasers and energy-based devices should be used to best serve male cosmetic patients.
Combined Tongue Flap and Deepithelialized Advancement Flap for Thick Lower Lip Reconstruction
Authors: Kakudo Natsuko , Kuro Atsuyuki , Morimoto Naoki , Hihara Masakatsu , Kusumoto Kenji 
Published: October 2017

Summary:
We repaired a long horizontal defect in the lower lip caused by the resection of squamous cell carcinoma by reconstructing the white lip with a V-Y advancement flap and vermilion with a tongue flap. During this procedure, we deepithelialized the V-Y flap, lifted the upper margin of the flap and sutured it to the remaining upper margin of the lip, and then covered it with the tongue flap, resulting in the successful reconstruction of a thick lip. There were no postoperative complications in articulation or swallowing. This novel procedure is a simple method to aesthetically and functionally reconstruct a thick lower lip.