bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Echocardiographic changes with non-invasive ventilation and CPAP in obesity hypoventilation syndrome
Authors: Corral Jaime , Mogollon Maria Victoria , Sánchez-Quiroga M-Ángeles , Gómez de Terreros Javier , Romero Auxiliadora , Caballero Candela , Teran-Santos Joaquin , Alonso-Álvarez María L , Gómez-García Teresa , González Mónica , López-Martínez Soledad , de Lucas Pilar , Marin José M , Romero Odile , Díaz-Cambriles Trinidad , Chiner Eusebi , Egea Carlos , Lang Roberto M , Mokhlesi Babak , Masa Juan F 
Published: November 2017

RationaleDespite a significant association between obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) and cardiac dysfunction, no randomised trials have assessed the impact of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) or CPAP on cardiac structure and function assessed by echocardiography.ObjectivesWe performed a secondary analysis of the data from the largest multicentre randomised controlled trial of OHS (Pickwick project, n=221) to determine the comparative efficacy of 2 months of NIV (n=71), CPAP (n=80) and lifestyle modification (control group, n=70) on structural and functional echocardiographic changes.MethodsConventional transthoracic two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiograms were obtained at baseline and after 2 months. Echocardiographers at each site were blinded to the treatment arms. Statistical analysis was performed using intention-to-treat analysis.ResultsAt baseline, 55% of patients had pulmonary hypertension and 51% had evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy. Treatment with NIV, but not CPAP, lowered systolic pulmonary artery pressure (−3.4 mm Hg, 95% CI −5.3 to –1.5; adjusted P=0.025 vs control and P=0.033 vs CPAP). The degree of improvement in systolic pulmonary artery pressure was greater in patients treated with NIV who had pulmonary hypertension at baseline (−6.4 mm Hg, 95% CI −9 to –3.8). Only NIV therapy decreased left ventricular hypertrophy with a significant reduction in left ventricular mass index (−5.7 g/m2; 95% CI −11.0 to –4.4). After adjusted analysis, NIV was superior to control group in improving left ventricular mass index (P=0.015). Only treatment with NIV led to a significant improvement in 6 min walk distance (32 m; 95% CI 19 to 46).ConclusionIn patients with OHS, medium-term treatment with NIV is more effective than CPAP and lifestyle modification in improving pulmonary hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy and functional outcomes. Long-term studies are needed to confirm these results.Trial registration numberPre-results, NCT01405976 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/).
The Biology of Cancer Exosomes: Insights and New Perspectives
Authors: Ruivo Carolina F. , Adem Bárbara , Silva Miguel , Melo Sónia A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractExosomes are a subclass of extracellular vesicles involved in intercellular communication that are released by all cell types, including cancer cells. Cancer exosomes carry malignant information in the form of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids that can reprogram recipient cells. Exosomes have emerged as putative biological mediators in cancer contributing to major steps of disease progression. A leading role exists for cancer exosomes in specific aspects of tumor progression: modulation of immune response, tumor microenvironment reprogramming, and metastasis. This review will address the functions attributed to cancer exosomes in these three aspects of cancer biology, highlighting recent advances and potential limitations. Finally, we explore alternative strategies to develop better models to study cancer exosomes biology. Cancer Res; 77(23); 6480–8. ©2017 AACR.
Study on Clinical Factors Involved in <b><i>Helicobacter pylori</i></b>-Uninfected, Undifferentiated-Type Early Gastric Cancer
Authors: Horiuchi Yusuke , Fujisaki Junko , Ishizuka Naoki , Omae Masami , Ishiyama Akiyoshi , Yoshio Toshiyuki , Hirasawa Toshiaki , Yamamoto Yorimasa , Nagahama Masatsugu , Takahashi Hiroshi , Tsuchida Tomohiro 
Published: November 2017

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The factors associated with the pathogenesis of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>-uninfected undifferentiated-type early gastric cancer (HPUGC) remain unclear. This study compared patient characteristics, including medical history and alcohol/tobacco use, of HPUGC patients with characteristics of patients with <i>H. pylori</i>-positive undifferentiated-type early gastric cancer (HPPGC) to clarify and gain understanding on those differences that could play a role in the pathogenesis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This retrospective study included 282 patients who were treated endoscopically from March 2005 to March 2014. This cohort consisted of 232 patients with HPPGC (82.3%) and 50 patients with HPUGC (17.7%). Patient characteristics were analyzed by subgroups of HPUGC vs. HPPGC, with comparisons for age, gender, cancer history, comorbidity of lifestyle diseases requiring medication (hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia), cumulative amount of alcohol consumption, and smoking history (Brinkman index [BI]). <b><i>Results:</i></b> HPUGC patients were typically younger, had less frequent hypertension, and had higher BI values (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05 for all parameters). In a younger non-hypertensive subgroup, the OR for high BI (BI ≥340) in the HPUGC group vs. HPPGC group was 5.049 (95% CI 2.458–10.373, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The investigation of clinical factors identified smoking history as being possibly contributing to the pathogenesis of HPUGC. Future research is necessary at the cellular and genetic levels.
Contributions of Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation to Global Ocean Heat Content Distribution
Authors: Hu Zeyuan , Hu Aixue , Hu Yongyun 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Regional sea surface temperature (SST) mode variabilities, especially the La Niña–like Pacific Ocean temperature pattern known as the negative phase of the interdecadal Pacific oscillation (IPO) and the associated heat redistribution within the ocean, are the leading mechanisms explaining the recent global warming hiatus. Here version 1 of the Community Earth System Model (CESM) is used to examine how different phases of two leading decadal time scale SST modes, namely the IPO and the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO), contribute to heat redistribution in the global ocean in the absence of time-evolving external forcings. The results show that both the IPO and AMO contribute a similar magnitude to global mean surface temperature and ocean heat redistribution. Both modes contribute warmer surface temperature and higher upper ocean heat content in their positive phase, and the reverse in their negative phase. Regionally, patterns of ocean heat distribution in the upper few hundred meters of the tropical and subtropical Pacific Ocean depend highly on the IPO phase via the IPO-associated changes in the subtropical cell. In the Atlantic, ocean heat content is primarily associated with the state of the AMO. The interconnections between the IPO, AMO, and global ocean heat distribution are established through the atmospheric bridge and the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. An in-phase variant of the IPO and AMO can lead to much higher surface temperatures and heat content changes than an out-of-phase variation. This result suggests that changes in the IPO and AMO are potentially capable of modulating externally forced SST and heat content trends.
The Sensitivity of Daily Temperature Variability and Extremes to Dataset Choice
Authors: Gross Mia H. , Donat Markus G. , Alexander Lisa V. , Sisson Scott A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractRobust conclusions regarding changes in the temperature distribution rely on the accuracy and reliability of the input datasets used. Differences between methodologies and datasets in previous studies add uncertainty when comparing and quantifying findings. Here, the authors investigate the sensitivity of assessing global and regional temperature variability and extremes over 1980–2014 in gridded datasets of daily temperature anomalies. A gridded in situ–based dataset, Hadley Centre Global Historical Climatology Network–Daily (HadGHCND), is compared against several commonly used reanalysis products by assessing both the entire distribution and the tails of the distribution. Empirical probability distribution functions show sensitivity to the input dataset when estimating aspects such as standard deviation and skewness, with the mean showing robust results for most regions, irrespective of dataset choice. Standard deviation is especially sensitive, with larger disagreements between datasets for some regions more than others, such as Africa and the Mediterranean region, and with larger differences in minimum temperatures compared with maximum temperatures. Estimates of extreme parameters also show sensitivity to dataset choice, particularly in the lower tails and for daily minimum temperature anomalies. Comparing changes in the means and the extremes of the temperature distributions, the cold extremes in the lower tails have been warming at a faster rate than the mean of the entire distribution for much of the Northern Hemisphere extratropics, with warm extremes warming at a faster rate than the mean in some subtropical regions. These documented sensitivities call for caution when assessing changes in temperature variability and extremes, as dataset choice can have substantial effects on results.
A Description of the Real-Time HFIP Corrected Consensus Approach (HCCA) for Tropical Cyclone Track and Intensity Guidance
Authors: Simon Anu , Penny Andrew B. , DeMaria Mark , Franklin James L. , Pasch Richard J. , Rappaport Edward N. , Zelinsky David A. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This study discusses the development of the Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program (HFIP) Corrected Consensus Approach (HCCA) for tropical cyclone track and intensity forecasts. The HCCA technique relies on the forecasts of separate input models for both track and intensity and assigns unequal weighting coefficients based on a set of training forecasts. The HCCA track and intensity forecasts for 2015 were competitive with some of the best-performing operational guidance at the National Hurricane Center (NHC); HCCA was the most skillful model for Atlantic track forecasts through 48 h. Average track input model coefficients for the 2015 forecasts in both the Atlantic and eastern North Pacific basins were largest for the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) deterministic model and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Forecast System (GFS) ensemble mean, but the relative magnitudes of the intensity coefficients were more varied. Input model sensitivity experiments conducted using retrospective HCCA forecasts from 2011 to 2015 indicate that the ECMWF deterministic model had the largest positive impact on the skill of the HCCA track forecasts in both basins. The most important input models for HCCA intensity forecasts are the Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) Model and the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System-Tropical Cyclone (COAMPS-TC) model initialized from the GFS. Several updates were incorporated into the HCCA formulation prior to the 2016 season. Verification results indicate HCCA continued to be a skillful model, especially for short-range (12–48 h) track forecasts in both basins.
Early Placement of Ventilation Tubes in Infants with Cleft Lip and Palate: A Systematic Review
Authors: Felton Mark , Lee Jong Wook , Balumuka Darius D. , Arneja Jugpal S. , Chadha Neil K. 
Published: November 2017

ObjectiveStudies have shown that the majority of cleft lip and palate (CLP) children have middle ear fluid present at the time of lip repair (3‐4 months). Despite hearing loss, the majority of children do not undergo ventilation tube treatment if required until the time of palate repair (9‐12 months). We aimed to examine the effectiveness and potential complications of early ventilation tube placement prior to palatoplasty in infants with cleft lip and palate.Data SourcesMedline (1946‐2015), Embase (1980‐2015), and EBM Reviews (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled).Review MethodsData sources were searched for publications that described the results of early ventilation tube placement in children with CLP prior to cleft palate repair. Two independent reviewers appraised the selected studies.ResultsOf 226 studies identified, 6 studies met the inclusion criteria. Early ventilation tube insertion in CLP gave similar speech and audiology outcomes to non‐CLP children undergoing ventilation tube insertion and better outcomes than those children with CLP having later ventilation tube insertion at or after the time of palate closure. The main reported side effect was otorrhea, being higher for children with CLP having early ventilation tube insertion (67% vs 33%), with a reduction in otorrhea with increasing age. Larger studies with longer‐term outcome reporting are required to fully address the study objectives.ConclusionPublished data are limited but appear to support early insertion of ventilation tubes in children with CLP to restore middle ear function and maximize audiologic and speech outcomes.
Decay curve analysis for data error quantification in time-domain induced polarization imaging
Authors: Flores Orozco Adrian , Gallistl Jakob , Bücker Matthias , Williams Kenneth H. 
Published: November 2017

In recent years, the time-domain induced polarization (TDIP) imaging technique has emerged as a suitable method for the characterization and the monitoring of hydrogeologic and biogeochemical processes. However, one of the major challenges refers to the resolution of the electrical images. Hence, various studies have stressed the importance of data processing, error characterization, and the deployment of adequate inversion schemes. A widely accepted method to assess data error in electrical imaging relies on the analysis of the discrepancy between normal and reciprocal measurements. Nevertheless, the collection of reciprocals doubles the acquisition time and is only viable for a limited subset of commonly used electrode configurations (e.g., dipole-dipole [DD]). To overcome these limitations, we have developed a new methodology to quantify the data error in TDIP imaging, which is entirely based on the analysis of the recorded IP decay curve and does not require recollection of data (e.g., reciprocals). The first two steps of the methodology assess the general characteristics of the decay curves and the spatial consistency of the measurements for the detection and removal of outliers. In the third and fourth steps, we quantify the deviation of the measured decay curves from a smooth model for the estimation of random error of the total chargeability and transfer resistance measurement. The error models and imaging results obtained from this methodology — in the following referred to as “decay curve analysis” — are compared with those obtained following a conventional normal-reciprocal analysis revealing consistent results. We determine the applicability of our methodology with real field data collected at the floodplain scale (approximately 12 ha) using multiple gradient and DD configurations.
Demand for CT scans increases during transition from paediatric to adult care: an observational study from 2009 to 2015
Authors: Thurley Pete , Crookdake Jonathan , Norwood Mark , Sturrock Nigel , Fogarty Andrew W 
Published: November 2017

Objective:
Avoiding unnecessary radiation exposure is a clinical priority in children and young adults. We aimed to explore demand for CT scans in a busy general hospital with particular interest in the period of transition from paediatric to adult medical care.

Methods:
We used an observational epidemiological study based in a teaching hospital. Data were obtained on numbers and rates of CT scans from 2009 to 2015. The main outcome was age-stratified rates of receiving a CT scan.

Results:
There were a total of 262,221 CT scans. There was a large step change in the rate of CT scans over the period of transition from paediatric to adult medical care. Individuals aged 10–15 years experienced 6.7 CT scans per 1000 clinical episodes, while those aged 19–24 years experienced 19.8 CT scans per 1000 clinical episodes (p &lt; 0.001). This difference remained significant for all sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion:
There is almost a threefold increase in rates of CT scans in the two populations before and after the period of transition from paediatric to adult medical care. While we were unable to adjust for case mix or quantify radiation exposure, paediatricians’ diagnostic strategies to minimize radiation exposure may have clinical relevance for adult physicians, and hence enable reductions in ionizing radiation to patients.

Advances in knowledge:
A large increase in rates of CT scans occurs during adolescence, and considering paediatricians’ strategies to minimize radiation exposure may enable reductions to all patients.
Knockdown of Laminin gamma-3 (Lamc3) impairs motoneuron guidance in the zebrafish embryo
Authors: Eve Alexander M. J. , Smith James C. 
Published: November 2017

Background: Previous work in the zebrafish embryo has shown that laminin γ-3 (lamc3) is enriched in endothelial cells marked by expression offli1a, but the role of Lamc3 has been unknown.Methods: We use antisense morpholino oligonucleotides, and CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis of F0 embryos, to create zebrafish embryos in whichlamc3expression is compromised. Transgenic imaging, immunofluorescence, andin situhybridisation reveal that Lamc3 loss-of-function affects the development of muscle pioneers, endothelial cells, and motoneurons.Results: Lamc3is enriched in endothelial cells during zebrafish development, but it is also expressed by other tissues. Depletion of Lamc3 by use of antisense morpholino oligonucleotides perturbs formation of the parachordal chain and subsequently the thoracic duct, but Lamc3 is not required for sprouting of the cardinal vein. F0 embryos in whichlamc3expression is perturbed by a CRISPR/Cas9 approach also fail to form a parachordal chain, but we were unable to establish a stablelamc3null line. Lamc3 is dispensable for muscle pioneer specification and for the expression ofnetrin-1ain these cells. Lamc3 knockdown causesnetrin-1aup-regulation in the neural tube and there is increased Netrin-1 protein throughout the trunk of the embryo. Axonal guidance of rostral primary motoneurons is defective in Lamc3 knockdown embryos.Conclusions: We suggest that knockdown of Lamc3 perturbs migration of rostral primary motoneurons at the level of the horizontal myoseptum, indicating that laminin γ3 plays a role in motoneuron guidance.
Sclerotherapy using Surgiflo and alcohol: A new alternative for the treatment of aneurysmal bone cysts
Authors: Ghanem I. , Nicolas N. , Rizkallah M. , Slaba S. 
Published: November 2017

Purpose This study aims to review the results of sclerotherapy using Surgiflo in addition to alcohol in primary aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC). Methods A total of 16 consecutive patients with histologically confirmed diagnosis of primary ABC were treated by percutaneous Surgiflo and alcohol injection at our institution. Clinical follow-up included the assessment of pain, swelling, limping and functional impairment. Radiological parameters included tumour volume, physis-cyst distance, thickness of cyst cortex, and presence of intracystic septations. Mean follow-up was 35,6 months (24–71 months). Treatment was considered successful when the cyst volume decreased by a minimum of 10%, the bone cortex became thicker, and the distance to physis increased. Results Mean age at presentation was 9.5 years (5.16–13.84 years). All ABC's were primary and all patients underwent a single Surgiflo and alcohol session except for two (12.5%) who required a second session. All patients had a good clinical result at final follow-up. Satisfactory cyst healing was achieved in 11 cases according to radiological parameters. Tumour volume decreased from a mean of 122 cm3 (111 to 133) before injection to 86 cm3 (76 to 96) at last follow-up (p < 0.01). Physis-cyst distance increased from a mean of 1 cm (0.1 to 2) to 2.1 cm (0.5 to 4) at last follow-up (p < 0.01). Cortical thickness improved from 1 mm (0.5 to 1.5) to 2 mm (1 to 3.5) at last follow-up (p < 0.01). There were no treatment related complications. Surgery was performed in one patient having a C3 vertebra ABC after developing quadriparesis due to tumour progression. Conclusion Sclerotherapy using Surgiflo and alcohol may be used as an efficient, safe and minimally invasive alternative for the treatment of primary ABCs.
Self-history project in visual arts education
Authors: Coşkun Necla 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The present study aimed to determine how students realized the process of creating a ‘self-history project’ in the frame of the artworks created by the participant students, who, throughout the project, made use of their own life experiences, researched cultural values, enquired into historical events and utilized interdisciplinary relations. Artography, an art-based research method, was used for the purposes of the study during the years 2012–13. The research data are comprised of the artistic works of four students at the painting studio, semi-structured interviews that the author conducted as a researcher/teacher and the author’s observations. The study’s findings indicate that the students were positively impressed by the student-centred self-history approach.
Quercetin improves developmental competence of mouse oocytes by reducing oxidative stress during in vitro maturation
Authors: Banihosseini Seyede Zahra , Novin Marefat Ghaffari , Nazarian Hamid , Piryaei Abbas , Parvardeh Siavash , Eini Fatemeh 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Quercetin is a natural flavonoid with strong antioxidant activity. In the present study, we evaluate the influence of different concentrations of quercetin (QT) on intracytoplasmic oxidative stress and glutathione (GSH) concentration, during in vitro maturation (IVM) and fertilization in mouse oocytes. IVM was carried out in the presence of control (QT0), 5 (QT5), 10 (QT10), and 20 (QT20) μg/mL of QT. Nuclear maturation, intracellular GSH and ROS content were evaluated following the IVM. In these oocytes, we subsequently evaluated the effect of QT supplementation on embryo development, including 2-cell, 8-cell, and blastocyst rate. The results of the present study showed that the supplementation of 10 μg/mL QT in maturation medium increased the number of MII oocytes. In addition, fertilization and blastocyst rate in QT10 treatment group were significantly higher in comparison to the other groups, and elevated the amount of intracellular GSH content compared to other QT concentrations and control groups. The intracellular ROS level was the lowest among oocytes matured in Q5 and Q10 treatment groups. This result suggested that quercetin dose-dependently improves nuclear maturation and embryo development, via reducing intracytoplasmic oxidative stress in mature oocyte.