bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potentially Modifiable Factors Associated With Physical Activity in Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Reider Nadia , Salter Amber R. , Cutter Gary R. , Tyry Tuula , Marrie Ruth Ann 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPhysical activity levels among persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) are worryingly low. We aimed to identify the factors associated with physical activity for people with MS, with an emphasis on factors that have not been studied previously (bladder and hand dysfunction) and are potentially modifiable. This study was a secondary analysis of data collected in the spring of 2012 during the North American Research Committee on Multiple Sclerosis (NARCOMS) Registry. NARCOMS participants were surveyed regarding smoking using questions from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey; disability using the Patient Determined Disease Steps; fatigue, cognition, spasticity, sensory, bladder, vision and hand function using self‐reported Performance Scales; health literacy using the Medical Term Recognition Test; and physical activity using questions from the Health Information National Trends Survey. We used a forward binary logistic regression to develop a predictive model in which physical activity was the outcome variable. Of 8,755 respondents, 1,707 (19.5%) were classified as active and 7,068 (80.5%) as inactive. In logistic regression, being a current smoker, moderate or severe level of disability, depression, fatigue, hand, or bladder dysfunction and minimal to mild spasticity were associated with lower odds of meeting physical activity guidelines. MS type was not linked to activity level. Several modifiable clinical and lifestyle factors influenced physical activity in MS. Prospective studies are needed to evaluate whether modification of these factors can increase physical activity participation in persons with MS. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Changes in inflammatory markers in estonian pubertal boys with different BMI values and increments: A 3‐Year Follow‐Up Study
Authors: Mengel Eva , Tillmann Vallo , Remmel Liina , Kool Pille , Purge Priit , Lätt Evelin , Jürimäe Jaak 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveSerum inflammatory markers could help to identify those boys with overweight (OWB) who gain weight more extensively during puberty. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal changes in different serum inflammatory markers through puberty in boys with different BMI values and increments.MethodsTwenty‐six OWB and 29 normal‐weight boys (NWB) were followed yearly for 3 years to measure changes in BMI and serum concentrations of 12 inflammatory markers.ResultsOWB had higher (P < 0.033) baseline interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8, interferon gamma (IFN‐γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), and IL‐1α concentrations in comparison with NWB. Over the 3‐year period, IFN‐γ (P = 0.0001) and TNF‐α (P = 0.0042) decreased more in OWB compared to NWB. Serum IL‐8, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)‐1, and leptin increased further in those OWB who gained BMI more extensively through puberty compared to OWB who gained weight at slower rates (P < 0.033).ConclusionsSerum IFN‐γ and TNF‐α levels decreased more during pubertal years in OWB compared to NWB, indicating that pubertal maturation itself may have a favorable impact on the inflammation of obesity. Serum IL‐8, MCP‐1, and leptin could help to identify OWB who gain BMI more extensively during pubertal years.
Impact of the feedback provided by a gastric electrical stimulation system on eating behavior and physical activity levels
Authors: Busetto Luca , Torres Antonio J. , Morales‐Conde Salvador , Alarcón del Agua Isaias , Moretto Carlo , Fierabracci Paola , Rovera Giuseppe , Segato Gianni , Rubio Miguel A. , Favretti Franco 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveThe closed‐loop gastric electrical stimulation (CLGES) abiliti® system provides tailored gastric electrical stimulation activated by food entry into the stomach and sensor‐based data to medical professionals. The aim of this study was to analyze behavior changes using sensor‐based food intake and activity data in participants treated with the CLGES system.MethodsFood intake and activity data (3D accelerometer) were downloaded at baseline and monthly/bimonthly for 12 months in a subset of patients with obesity (N = 45) participating in a multicenter trial with CLGES. Measured food intake parameters included the number of intakes during allowed and disallowed periods, nighttime intakes, and between‐meal snacks (average/d). Activity parameters included time in different levels of physical activity (min/d), sleep/sedentary (h/d), and estimated energy expenditure (EE).ResultsWeight loss at 12 months averaged 15.7 ± 7.7% of the baseline body weight. Stable reduction in the number of disallowed meals and between‐meal snacks (P < 0.05), an increase in all levels of physical activity (P < 0.001), and an increase in activity‐based EE (303 ± 53 kcal/d on average, P < 0.001) were seen.ConclusionsSignificant improvement in eating and activity was seen in participants. It is hypothesized that feedback of the sensor‐based data induced behavioral changes and contributed to weight loss in patients treated with CLGES.
Chemo‐ and stereoselective polymerization of 3‐methylenehepta‐1,6‐Diene and Its thiol‐ene modification
Authors: Li Lei , Li Shihui , Cui Dongmei 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTHere we report on the coordination polymerization of a vinyl‐functionalized butadiene monomer, 3‐methylenehepta‐1,6‐diene (MHD) with exclusive conjugated diene chemoselectivity, high 1,2‐regioselectivity and moderate isotacticity (1,2‐selectivity > 99%, mm triad = 93%). Random copolymers of MHD and other conjugated diene (isoprene or myrcene) are also synthesized. The pendent vinyl groups of MHD homo or copolymers could be quantitatively converted into various functional groups via thiol‐ene click reaction. The resulting functionalized polybutadiene‐based material display versatile thermal and surface properties. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 1031–1039
Preparation of CO2‐switchable latexes using N‐[3‐(dimethylamino)propyl]‐methacrylamide (DMAPMAm)
Authors: Darabi Ali , Glasing Joe , Jessop Philip G. , Cunningham Michael F. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTCO2‐switchable polystyrene (PS), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) latexes were prepared via surfactant‐free emulsion polymerization (SFEP) under a CO2 atmosphere, employing N‐[3‐(dimethylamino)propyl]methacrylamide (DMAPMAm) as a CO2‐switchable, water‐soluble, and hydrolytically stable comonomer. The conversion of the SFEP of styrene reaches >95% in less than 5 h. The resulting latexes have near monodisperse particles (PDI ≤ 0.05), as confirmed by DLS and TEM. The latexes could be destabilized by bubbling nitrogen (N2) and heating at 65 °C for 30 min, and easily redispersed by only bubbling CO2 for a short time without using sonication. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 1059–1066
Non‐invasive CT screening for pulmonary arteriovenous malformations in children with confirmed hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: Results from two pediatric centers
Authors: Soysal Nurcan , Eyries Mélanie , Verlhac Suzanne , Escabasse Virginie , Remus Natascha , Tamalet Aline , Rioux Jean‐Yves , Franchi‐Abella Stéphanie , Vasile Manuela , Robert Sarah , Delestrain Céline , Hau Isabelle , Ducou‐Le Pointe Hubert , Soubrier Florent , Carette Marie‐France , Epaud Ralph 
Published: February 2017

SummaryBackgroundHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder that is caused by mutations in mainly two genes, that is ENG, encoding endoglin (HHT1), or ACVRL1, encoding activin receptor‐like kinase 1 (ALK‐1/HHT2). HHT is characterized by recurrent epistaxis, mucocutaneous telangiectasia, and vascular visceral dysplasia responsible for visceral arteriovenous malformations (AVM).Aimto report the experience of two university hospitals (Trousseau, Paris, and CHIC, Creteil) with screening children for HHT and pulmonary AVM (PAVM) using high resolution computed tomography (HRCT).Methodsparents with confirmed HHT were offered to have their children screened for the mutation identified in their family, and informed consent was obtained. Children carrying the same mutation as their parents underwent HRCT of the chest without contrast.Resultsbetween 2008 and 2015, 99 children were screened for HHT mutations. Mutations were identified in 59 patients, that is 24 HHT1 and 35 HHT2. Radiologic and clinical screening was possible in 52 patients (21 HHT‐1 and 31 HHT‐2). Among those, PAVM was identified in 13 patients (25%; n = 8 HHT1; n = 5 HHT2), and four of them required embolization therapy.ConclusionThis study highlights the usefulness of genetic screening in children with known HHT family. It also suggests that a non‐invasive protocol such as HRTC is an efficient approach to detect non‐symptomatic lesions that are present early on in children carrying the ENG (HHT1), but also the ACVRL1 mutations (HHT2). Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:642–649. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intratracheal Administration of Budesonide‐Surfactant in Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Very Low Birth Weight Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Venkataraman Rohini , Kamaluddeen Majeeda , Hasan Shabih U. , Robertson Helen Lee , Lodha Abhay 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDespite the near universal adaptation of gentle mechanical ventilation, surfactant use and non‐invasive respiratory support, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains one of the most common respiratory morbidities in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Thus, the objective of this review was to evaluate the efficacy of intra‐tracheal administration of budesonide‐surfactant mixture in preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed were searched for randomized clinical trials in which intra‐tracheal administration of budesonide‐surfactant was used to prevent BPD in infants. The primary outcomes were BPD and composite outcome of death or BPD. Meta‐analysis of the two clinical trials revealed that infants who received intra‐tracheal instillation of budesonide‐surfactant mixture demonstrated 43% reduction in the risk of BPD (RR: 0.57; 95%CI: 0.43‐0.76, NNT = 5). Although mortality was not different between the groups (OR: 0.61; 95%CI: 0.34‐1.04), a 40% reduction was observed in the composite outcome of death or BPD in the budesonide‐surfactant group (RR: 0.60; 95%CI: 0.49‐0.74, NNT = 3). Thus, this review concludes that intra‐tracheal administration of budesonide‐surfactant combination was associated with decreased incidence of BPD alone or composite outcome of death or BPD in VLBW infants though there is a need for larger trials before it can be recommended as a standard of care.
Skin-Derived Precursors as a Source of Progenitors for Corneal Endothelial Regeneration
Authors: Inagaki Emi , Hatou Shin , Higa Kazunari , Yoshida Satoru , Shibata Shinsuke , Okano Hideyuki , Tsubota Kazuo , Shimmura Shigeto 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Corneal blindness is the fourth leading cause of blindness in the world. Current treatment is allogenic corneal transplantation, which is limited by shortage of donors and immunological rejection. Skin-derived precursors (SKPs) are postnatal stem cells, which are self-renewing, multipotent precursors that can be isolated and expanded from the dermis. Facial skin may therefore be an accessible autologous source of neural crest derived cells. SKPs were isolated from facial skin of Wnt1-Cre/Floxed EGFP mouse. After inducing differentiation with medium containing retinoic acid and GSK 3-β inhibitor, SKPs formed polygonal corneal endothelial-like cells (sTECE). Expression of major corneal endothelial markers were confirmed by Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantitative Real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Western blots confirmed the expression of Na, K-ATPase protein, the major functional marker of corneal endothelial cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed the expression of zonular occludens-1 and Na, K-ATPase in cell-cell junctions. In vitro functional analysis of Na, K-ATPase pump activity revealed that sTECE had significantly high pump function compared to SKPs or control 3T3 cells. Moreover, sTECE transplanted into a rabbit model of bullous keratopathy successfully maintained corneal thickness and transparency. Furthermore, we successfully induced corneal endothelial-like cells from human SKPs, and showed that transplanted corneas also maintained corneal transparency and thickness. Our findings suggest that SKPs may be used as a source of autologous cells for the treatment of corneal endothelial disease.
Greater sage‐grouse in Montana: Mapping archetype viewpoints across stakeholder groups using Q methodology
Authors: Peters D'jeane T. , Ward Lucas 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTWe conducted a Q‐method‐based study to examine patterns of agreement and disagreement across stakeholder groups regarding greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) management in Montana, USA, between 2010 and 2014. Tested groups consisted of government natural resource managers, advocacy groups, landowners, and concerned citizens. We asked 49 representatives of 14 different stakeholder agencies to complete a Q‐method assessment of their viewpoints on greater sage‐grouse management in Montana. We identified the substantively different ways that stakeholders organized their views on 2 issues: 1) What is the condition of greater sage‐grouse in Montana? (i.e., the problem); and 2) What should be done about it? (i.e., the solution). We identified 3 “archetypes” (or factors in Q‐method terminology): Limit Development, Local Governance, and Limit Regulation—each of which prioritized a different set of management values. We found that viewpoints toward climate change and predators were issues that created divisions among archetypes regarding sources of greater sage‐grouse mortality, whereas the issues of sod‐busting (breaking up new ground for cultivation) and concerns for the economic impacts of listing as an endangered species could be starting points for building consensus among stakeholder groups. Not only did Q methodology reveal the issues that divided the 3 archetypes and those issues that served as common ground, it also identified stakeholders whose viewpoints made them well‐suited to act as agents of consensus or translators during contentious decision‐making processes. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Religion in Western Society
Authors: Hunt Stephen J. 
Published: February 2017

This book offers a comprehensive account of the nature and expression of contemporary forms of religion in Western societies. Drawing both on recent original work and classical and contemporary conceptual frameworks, it examines the beliefs, practices, patterns of organisation and significant trends in both mainstream and fringe religions including cults and quasi-religions. Competing arguments and theories about key developments are treated fully and fairly and there is a clear sense throughout of the social context. The approach is broadly sociological and the well-paced, jargon-free writing style and clearly sectioned chapters make this an ideal text for teaching and study purposes, both in sociology and religious studies. Amongst the themes and concerns covered are:
- What we mean in the first place by religion
- Secularisation and new expressions of religiosity
- The effect of religion on society and the relationship between religion and social change
- The links between belief, belonging and social identity
- Contemporary Christianity and the religions of ethnic minorities in the West
- Globalisation, religious pluralism and postmodernity
Potential therapeutic role of punicalagin against mechanical-trauma-induced stress urinary incontinence via upregulation of Nrf2 and TGF-β1 signaling
Authors: Tang Jianming , Liu Cheng , Min Jie , Hu Ming , Li Yang , Hong Li 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
We investigated the effect of punicalagin (PUN; 2,3-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-gallagyl-D-glucose), on mechanical-trauma-induced stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in mouse and the mechanisms underlying any effects.

Methods
Ninety virgin female C57BL/6 mice were randomized into six groups: five groups underwent vaginal distention (VD) for 1 h and leak-point pressure (LPP) was measured on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 28th day following (VD groups 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, 14 d, and 28 d). The sixth group was a noninstrumented control (NC) group. Then, 75 virgin female C57BL/6 mice were randomized into five groups: a VD group (that just underwent VD) and an NC group were orally administered saline every day for 7 days; and three VD + PUN groups that underwent VD and were orally administered PUN respectively at 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg every day for 7 days. LPP was tested on the day 7, then all mice were sacrificed and their urethras and anterior vaginal walls harvested for Masson staining, immunohistochemistry study, Western blot analysis, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

Results
LPPs after VD were significantly lower than the NC group, and the LPPs of mice on days 14 and 28 day after VD were significantly higher than on the days 1, 3, and 7. PUN significantly improved VD-induced drops in LPP and alleviated VD-induced decrease of collagen I, collagen III, α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and p-Smad3, nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) protein levels, and increase of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (OHdG) in urethra and anterior vaginal wall. PUN also up-regulated the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), whereas protein levels of Smad 2, p-Smad2, and Smad3 were not changed.

Conclusions
PUN exerts certain therapeutic effect on mechanical-trauma-induced SUI in mice, which might be through the activation of TGF-β1/Smad3 and Nrf2/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling activation.
Is leaf area of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) and European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) affected by mixture proportion and stand density?
Authors: Dirnberger Gerald , Kumer Angela-Elisabeth , Schnur Eduard , Sterba Hubert 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Key message

Trees with otherwise equal dimensions have different leaf areas if they are located in different stand types. While leaf area of European larch is affected by mixture proportion, leaf area of Norway spruce is affected by stand density.

Context

Leaf area is a key parameter for evaluating growth efficiency of trees, and therefore needs to be measured as consistently and accurately as possible. This is even more important when comparing monospecific and mixed stands.

Aims

The aim of the study is to find combinations of parameters and allometric relationships that can be used to estimate accurately the leaf area of individual trees.

Methods

Allometries of the measured leaf area of 194 trees in 12 stands were analysed in order to find variables affecting leaf area. Existing functions from the literature were validated. Finally, models were fitted to find the most appropriate method for estimating leaf area of mixed and monospecific stands of Norway spruce and European larch.

Results

Allometric relationships of leaf area to other measurable characteristics of trees vary in different stand types. Besides individual tree dimensions such as diameter and crown surface area, leaf area of Norway spruce is related to stand density, whereas the leaf area of European larch is dependent on the admixture of Norway spruce in the stand.

Conclusion

In contrast to models for estimating individual tree leaf area of Norway spruce, models for leaf area of European larch have to consider mixture proportions in order to correctly interpret the growth efficiency of mixed stands.
Gender differences in the association between conduct disorder and risky sexual behavior
Authors: Brooks Holliday Stephanie , Ewing Brett A. , Storholm Erik D. , Parast Layla , D'Amico Elizabeth J. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTDespite suggestions that there are gender differences in the association between conduct disorder (CD) and risky sexual behavior, limited empirical research has examined this question. Youth (N = 616) were recruited from four primary care clinics and completed questions related to risky sexual behavior, alcohol and marijuana use, and CD. Results of stratified multivariate models indicated that the association between CD and having four or more lifetime partners, having two or more partners in the last 3 months, and engaging in condomless sex was stronger among female youth. However, the association between CD and alcohol and other drug use before sex was stronger in male youth. This is an important contribution to our understanding of gender‐specific manifestations of conduct disorder, and has the potential to inform screening and brief intervention efforts for this population.
Gevrey regularizing effect for the (generalized) Korteweg-de Vries equation and nonlinear Schrödinger equations
Authors: De Bouard Anne , Hayashi Nakao , Kato Keiichi 
Published: February 2017

This paper is concerned with regularizing effects of solutions to the (generalized) Korteweg-de Vries equation

\begin{cases}
∂_{t}u + ∂_{x}^{3}u =\lambda u^{p−1}∂_{x}u, & (t,x) \in ℝ \times ℝ, \\
u(0) = \phi , & x \in ℝ, &
\end{cases}

and nonlinear Schrödinger equations in one space dimension

\begin{cases}
i∂_{t}u + \frac{1}{2}∂_{x}^{2}u = G\left(u,\bar u\right), &(t,x) \in ℝ \times ℝ, \\
u(0) = \psi ,& x \in ℝ,
\end{cases}

where

p

is an integer satisfying

p ≥ 2

,

λ \in ℂ

and

G

is a polynomial of

\left(u,\bar u\right)

. We prove that if the initial function

ϕ

is in a Gevrey class of order 3 defined in Section 1, then there exists a positive time

T

such that the solution of (gKdV) is analytic in space variable for

t \in [−T, T]\backslash \{0\}

, and if the initial function

ψ

in a Gevrey class of order 2, then there exists a positive time

T

such that the solution of (NLS) is analytic in space variable for

t \in [−T, T]\backslash \{0\}

.

Résumé
Nous étudions, dans cet article, certains effets régularisants pour les solutions de l’équation de Korteweg-de Vries (généralisée)

\begin{cases}
∂_{t}u + ∂_{x}^{3}u =\lambda u^{p−1}∂_{x}u, & (t,x) \in ℝ \times ℝ, \\
u(0) = \phi , & x \in ℝ, &
\end{cases}

et des équations de Schrödinger monodimensionnelles

\begin{cases}
i∂_{t}u + \frac{1}{2}∂_{x}^{2}u = G\left(u,\bar u\right), &(t,x) \in ℝ \times ℝ, \\
u(0) = \psi ,& x \in ℝ,
\end{cases}

où

p

est un entier supérieur ou égal à 2,

λ ∈ ℂ

et

G

est un polynôme en

(u,\bar u)

. Nous montrons que, lorsque la donnée initiale

ϕ

appartient à la classe de Gevrey définie dans la première partie, il existe un temps

T

tel que la solution de (gKdV) est analytique en espace pour

t \in [−T, T]\backslash \{0\}

; de même, lorsque la donnée initiale

ψ

appartient à une certaine classe de Gevrey d’ordre 2, il existe un temps

T

tel que la solution de (NLS) est analytique en espace pour

t \in [−T, T]\backslash \{0\}

.