bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for primary refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A report from the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the EBMT
Authors: Pavlů Jiří , Labopin Myriam , Zoellner Anna K. , Sakellari Ioanna , Stelljes Matthias , Finke Jürgen , Fanin Renato , Stuhler Gernot , Afanasyev Boris V. , Bloor Adrian J. , Anagnostopoulos Achilles , Mohty Mohamad , Giebel Sebastian , Nagler Arnon 
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUNDPatients with primary refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (PREF ALL) who fail to achieve a complete remission (CR) after ≥2 courses of chemotherapy have a dismal prognosis without undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). To the authors' knowledge, there currently are no data regarding factors influencing transplantation outcomes.METHODSThe authors retrospectively studied outcomes of transplantation for cases of PREF ALL reported to European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation registry. Eligibility criteria for the current analysis included adult patients who underwent their first HCT for PREF ALL between 2000 and 2012. PREF disease was defined as the failure to achieve a morphological CR after ≥2 courses of induction chemotherapy.RESULTSData regarding 86 adult patients were analyzed. With a median follow‐up of 106 months, the probability of survival was 36% at 2 years and 23% at 5 years. The probability of leukemia‐free survival was 28% and 17%, respectively, and the probability of nonrecurrence mortality was 20% and 29%, respectively, at 2 years and 5 years. For 66 patients who achieved a CR (77%), the survival at 2 years and 5 years was 36% and 29%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, use of total body irradiation was found to be associated with improved survival. Total body irradiation and infusion of female hematopoietic cells into male recipients was associated with improved leukemia‐free survival. These findings were incorporated into a scoring system that identified 3 groups (those with 2, 1, or no prognostic factors) with survival rates of 57%, 22%, and 8%, respectively.CONCLUSIONSAlthough overall these patients would clearly benefit from the introduction of novel antileukemic therapies, the data from the current study support the use of allogeneic HCT in selected patients with PREF ALL. Cancer 2017;123:1965–1970. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Benchmark Ditopic Binding of Cl− and Cs+ by the Macrocycle Hexacyclen
Authors: Avilés‐Moreno Juan Ramón , Berden Giel , Oomens Jos , Martínez‐Haya Bruno 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe ditopic binding of organic and inorganic anions and cations constitutes a distinct feature of polyazamacrocycles that underlies their action as intermediate docking and exchange ionophoric sites for tailored supramolecular synthesis and sensors. This work investigates the Cl− and Cs+ complexes formed by hexacyclen (1,4,7,10,13,16‐hexaazacyclooctadecane, ha18c6), a benchmark building block of ion‐pair polyamine receptors. IR action spectroscopy is employed to characterize the anionic and cationic complexes under controlled environmental conditions in an ion trap. This allows for accurate modeling of the isolated complexes with quantum chemical computations. A comparison of the experimental and computational spectra serves to assess the low‐energy conformers dominantly populated at room temperature, which comprise, in both cases, three structures of Cs, C2, and C3v symmetry with relative energies within about 5 kJ mol−1. The ion‐pair complex Cl−–ha18c6–Cs+ is predicted to host the cation and anion on opposite sides of the macrocycle in a C3v conformation that does not correlate with the lowest energy structures of the binary complexes. This indicates that the formation of the ion‐pair complex in its most stable conformation demands a rearrangement of the hexacyclen ring structure upon the incorporation of the counterion.
Integrating remotely sensed fires for predicting deforestation for REDD+
Authors: Armenteras Dolors , Gibbes Cerian , Anaya Jesús A. , Dávalos Liliana M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractFire is an important tool in tropical forest management, as it alters forest composition, structure, and the carbon budget. The United Nations program on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) aims to sustainably manage forests, as well as to conserve and enhance their carbon stocks. Despite the crucial role of fire management, decision‐making on REDD+ interventions fails to systematically include fires. Here, we address this critical knowledge gap in two ways. First, we review REDD+ projects and programs to assess the inclusion of fires in monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) systems. Second, we model the relationship between fire and forest for a pilot site in Colombia using near‐real‐time (NRT) fire monitoring data derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The literature review revealed fire remains to be incorporated as a key component of MRV systems. Spatially explicit modeling of land use change showed the probability of deforestation declined sharply with increasing distance to the nearest fire the preceding year (multi‐year model area under the curve [AUC] 0.82). Deforestation predictions based on the model performed better than the official REDD early‐warning system. The model AUC for 2013 and 2014 was 0.81, compared to 0.52 for the early‐warning system in 2013 and 0.68 in 2014. This demonstrates NRT fire monitoring is a powerful tool to predict sites of forest deforestation. Applying new, publicly available, and open‐access NRT fire data should be an essential element of early‐warning systems to detect and prevent deforestation. Our results provide tools for improving both the current MRV systems, and the deforestation early‐warning system in Colombia.
Scale dependence and patch size distribution: clarifying patch patterns in Mediterranean drylands
Authors: Meloni Fernando , Granzotti Cristiano Roberto Fabri , Bautista Susana , Martinez Alexandre Souto 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn drylands, the underlying vegetation structure is associated with ecosystem functioning and ecosystem resilience. Although scale‐dependent patterns are also predicted, empirical evidence often demonstrates that patch sizes are distributed according to a power‐law probability distribution function or truncated power‐law probability distribution function for a varied range of environmental conditions. Using satellite images and field measures, we assessed the spatial pattern of vegetation patches for a wide range of vegetation cover values in a large set of Mediterranean dryland (MDL) plots, focusing on the statistical distribution function that better fits the patch sizes. We found that power‐law or truncated power‐law probability distribution function does not always fit the observed patch size frequencies, while lognormal probability density function always fit well to them, implying that the vegetation structure is scale dependent for a large range of conditions. We show how the sampling approach, fit methods, and system dimensionality can affect the patch size distribution, which can explain some conflicting evidence obtained from the empirical data. Our findings question the robustness of criticality as the underlying mechanism driving vegetation patterns in MDLs. The better fit to patch size distribution provided by lognormal as compared with power‐law indicates that multiplicative effects of multivariate local influences underlie pattern formation, and suggests that the role of plant–plant facilitation can be overestimated for a large range of conditions.
Kyoto Congestive Heart Failure (KCHF) study: rationale and design
Authors: Yamamoto Erika , Kato Takao , Ozasa Neiko , Yaku Hidenori , Inuzuka Yasutaka , Tamaki Yodo , Kitai Takeshi , Morimoto Takeshi , Taniguchi Ryoji , Iguchi Moritake , Kato Masashi , Takahashi Mamoru , Jinnai Toshikazu , Ikeda Tomoyuki , Nagao Kazuya , Kawai Takafumi , Komasa Akihiro , Nishikawa Ryusuke , Kawase Yuichi , Morinaga Takashi , Kawashima Tsuneaki , Motohashi Yasuyo , Kawato Mitsunori , Toyofuku Mamoru , Sato Yukihito , Kuwahara Koichiro , Shioi Tetsuo , Kimura Takeshi ,   on behalf of the KCHF study investigators
Published: February 2017

AbstractAimsOver the last decade, major developments in medicine have led to significant changes in the clinical management of heart failure patients. This study was designed to evaluate the recent trends in clinical characteristics, management, and short‐term and long‐term prognosis of patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) in Japan.Methods and resultsThe Kyoto Congestive Heart Failure study is a prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study, enrolling consecutive ADHF patients from 19 participating hospitals in Japan from November 2014 to March 2016. A total of 4000 patients will be enrolled into the study and patients' anthropometric, socio‐economic, and clinical data from hospital admission to discharge will be collected. In addition, in a pre‐determined subgroup of patients (n=1500), a longitudinal follow‐up for 2 years is scheduled.ConclusionsThe Kyoto Congestive Heart Failure study will provide valuable information regarding patients with ADHF in the real‐world clinical practice of Japan and will be indispensable for future clinical and policy decision‐making with respect to heart failure.
Is this back pain killing me? All‐cause and cardiovascular‐specific mortality in older Danish twins with spinal pain
Authors: Fernandez M. , Boyle E. , Hartvigsen J. , Ferreira M.L. , Refshauge K.M. , Maher C.G. , Christensen K. , Hopper J.L. , Ferreira P.H. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have examined the potentially reduced life expectancy associated with spinal pain (i.e. low back and neck pain) in an ageing population, particularly after controlling for familial factors, including genetics.MethodsWe investigated whether spinal pain increased the rate of all‐cause and disease‐specific cardiovascular mortality in older Danish twins aged ≥70 years. Data from 4391 participants collected at baseline were linked with the Danish Cause of Death Registry with the study ending on 31 December 2014. Two crude and adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression analyses determined the rate of all‐cause and disease‐specific cardiovascular mortality by baseline spinal pain exposure; unpaired (total sample analysis) and twin pair (intra‐pair analysis). Analyses were also adjusted for confounders; baseline physical functional ability and depressive symptoms. Competing risk regression models determined the rate of cardiovascular mortality, adjusting for similar confounders and using the total sample only.ResultsSpinal pain was associated with an increased rate of all‐cause mortality, hazard ratio (HR): 1.13 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06–1.21]. There was no association between spinal pain and cardiovascular disease mortality, sub‐distribution hazard ratio (SHR): 1.08 [95% CI 0.96–1.21]. After adjusting for confounders (physical functional ability and depressive symptoms), the association became non‐significant. All intra‐pair analyses were statistically non‐significant, although greater in magnitude for monozygotic twins.ConclusionsOlder people reporting spinal pain have 13% increased risk of mortality per years lived but the connection is not causal. We found no association between spinal pain and cardiovascular‐specific mortality. The influence of shared familial factors is unlikely.SignificanceOlder people reporting spinal pain have 13% increased risk of mortality per year lived. However, this association is not likely to be causal, with the relevant confounders contributing to this relationship. Thus, pain in the spine may be part of a pattern of poor health, which increases mortality risk in the older population.
Investigation of a High‐Performance Nanofiber Cathode with Ultralow Platinum Loading for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Hong Shaojing , Hou Ming , Xiao Yu , Shao Zhigang , Yi Baolian 
Published: February 2017

AbstractNanofiber electrodes fabricated by using the electrospinning technique in the cathode of proton exchange membrane fuel cells gave a peak power density of 0.692 W cm−2 with an ultralow Pt loading of 0.087 mg cm−2. As the cathode, the electrospun (E_spun) electrodes exposed a high Pt surface to oxygen, with a highly uniform distribution of Pt catalyst and Nafion ionomer, which improved the utilization of Pt. The ionic resistance of the E_spun electrode was decreased owing to the nanofiber structure. The high porosity of the E_spun electrode enhanced the Knudsen diffusion in small pores, which mitigated the oxygen‐transfer resistance. The addition of 5 wt % polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to the E_spun electrode optimized water management, especially at high current densities. The accelerated stability test showed that the long‐term durability of the E_spun electrode is much better than the conventional decal electrode due to the interaction of the carbon support and hydrophilic poly(acrylic acid).
gsSKAT: Rapid gene set analysis and multiple testing correction for rare‐variant association studies using weighted linear kernels
Authors: Larson Nicholas B. , McDonnell Shannon , Cannon Albright Lisa , Teerlink Craig , Stanford Janet , Ostrander Elaine A. , Isaacs William B. , Xu Jianfeng , Cooney Kathleen A. , Lange Ethan , Schleutker Johanna , Carpten John D. , Powell Isaac , Bailey‐Wilson Joan E. , Cussenot Olivier , Cancel‐Tassin Geraldine , Giles Graham G. , MacInnis Robert J. , Maier Christiane , Whittemore Alice S. , Hsieh Chih‐Lin , Wiklund Fredrik , Catolona William J. , Foulkes William , Mandal Diptasri , Eeles Rosalind , Kote‐Jarai Zsofia , Ackerman Michael J. , Olson Timothy M. , Klein Christopher J. , Thibodeau Stephen N. , Schaid Daniel J. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTNext‐generation sequencing technologies have afforded unprecedented characterization of low‐frequency and rare genetic variation. Due to low power for single‐variant testing, aggregative methods are commonly used to combine observed rare variation within a single gene. Causal variation may also aggregate across multiple genes within relevant biomolecular pathways. Kernel‐machine regression and adaptive testing methods for aggregative rare‐variant association testing have been demonstrated to be powerful approaches for pathway‐level analysis, although these methods tend to be computationally intensive at high‐variant dimensionality and require access to complete data. An additional analytical issue in scans of large pathway definition sets is multiple testing correction. Gene set definitions may exhibit substantial genic overlap, and the impact of the resultant correlation in test statistics on Type I error rate control for large agnostic gene set scans has not been fully explored. Herein, we first outline a statistical strategy for aggregative rare‐variant analysis using component gene‐level linear kernel score test summary statistics as well as derive simple estimators of the effective number of tests for family‐wise error rate control. We then conduct extensive simulation studies to characterize the behavior of our approach relative to direct application of kernel and adaptive methods under a variety of conditions. We also apply our method to two case‐control studies, respectively, evaluating rare variation in hereditary prostate cancer and schizophrenia. Finally, we provide open‐source R code for public use to facilitate easy application of our methods to existing rare‐variant analysis results.
Poverty Profiles and Nutritional Outcomes of Using Spate Irrigation in Ethiopia
Authors: Hagos Fitsum , Mulugeta Afework , Erkossa Teklu , Langan Simon , Lefore Nicole , Abebe Yenenesh 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDevelopment partners and public investors assume that spate irrigation reduces household poverty and malnutrition. This article examines whether the poverty profiles of smallholder farmers and the nutritional outcomes of their children have improved as a result of using spate irrigation. The study areas were in two regional states in Ethiopia. Twenty‐five users each, both from traditional and modern spate irrigation schemes, and an equal number of non‐users responded to a structured questionnaire. Anthropometric measures of 122 children under five were measured using a hanging scale and stadiometer. The results indicated that all poverty indices were significantly lower for the spate irrigation users compared to non‐users, and were even lower for modern spate compared to traditional spate systems. Our results did not show gender differences, using sex of the household head as a crude measure of gender, in poverty profiles. Stochastic dominance tests showed that the poverty comparisons between users, traditional and modern, and non‐users are statistically robust. It can be concluded that the use of spate irrigation can significantly reduce poverty, and modernizing spate systems further increases its poverty‐reduction impact. However, anthropometric measures indicated that use of spate irrigation did not have significant nutritional effects, suggesting the need for nutrition‐sensitive interventions, such as nutrition education and awareness and multisectoral collaboration. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The integration of MRI in radiation therapy: collaboration of radiographers and radiation therapists
Authors: Rai Robba , Kumar Shivani , Batumalai Vikneswary , Elwadia Doaa , Ohanessian Lucy , Juresic Ewa , Cassapi Lynette , Vinod Shalini K. , Holloway Lois , Keall Paul J. , Liney Gary P. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe increased utilisation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in radiation therapy (RT) has led to the implementation of MRI simulators for RT treatment planning and influenced the development of MRI‐guided treatment systems. There is extensive literature on the advantages of MRI for tumour volume and organ‐at‐risk delineation compared to computed tomography. MRI provides both anatomical and functional information for RT treatment planning (RTP) as well as quantitative information to assess tumour response for adaptive treatment. Despite many advantages of MRI in RT, introducing an MRI simulator into a RT department is a challenge. Collaboration between radiographers and radiation therapists is paramount in making the best use of this technology. The cross‐disciplinary training of radiographers and radiation therapists alike is an area rarely discussed; however, it is becoming an important requirement due to detailed imaging needs for advanced RT treatment techniques and with the emergence of hybrid treatment systems. This article will discuss the initial experiences of a radiation oncology department in implementing a dedicated MRI simulator for RTP, with a focus on the training required for both radiographer and RT staff. It will also address the future of MRI in RT and the implementation of MRI‐guided treatment systems, such as MRI‐Linacs, and the role of both radiation therapists and radiographers in this technology.
Experimental research of how the boundary layer lower the pipe drag reduction in transport of dense paste
Authors: Fuyan Lyu , Chunhui Ling , Hao Li , Xigao Liu , Jie Gao , Miao Wu 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA thin boundary layer formed on inner‐pipe wall and brought out wall slip phenomenon when dense pastes were transported in pipe as plug flow. The boundary layer is called slip layer as well, which reduced frictional pressure loss, increased the conveying distance and saved energy consequently. In order to find out the relationship between the properties of boundary layer and the pressure loss, the design of the liquid injection equipment was detailed in this paper. The liquid (such as water, oil or polymer solution) is injected from the pump into the pipe downstream at comparatively small flowrates and formed a lubricating annulus adjacent on the pipe inner wall. By taking coal slime as an example, the test studied pressure loss result from the change of pipeline features and the thickness of boundary layer systematically. Results show that the pressure loss reduced exponentially with the increase of the boundary layer thickness, and the greater the diameter, the smaller the pressure loss. When the shear rate of the boundary layer was getting higher, the lubrication layer played more efficiency on the reduction of the shear stress. Furthermore, these results provide preview for our understanding of the fundamental processes of slime pipe flow and how such flows can be better modelled, optimised and controlled. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contingent self‐worth moderates the relationship between school stressors and psychological stress responses
Authors: Ishizu Kenichiro 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTThis study examined the moderating role of contingent self‐worth on the relationships between school stressors and psychological stress responses among Japanese adolescents. A total of 371 Japanese junior high school students (184 boys and 187 girls, Mage = 12.79 years, SD = 0.71) completed the Japanese version of the Self‐Worth Contingency Questionnaire and a mental health checklist at two points separated by a two‐month interval. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were then used to determine whether contingent self‐worth moderated the relationship between school stressors and psychological stress responses. The results indicated that, when psychological stress responses were controlled for at Time 1, contingent self‐worth did not predict the psychological stress responses at Time 2. However, a two‐way interaction between contingent self‐worth and stressors was found to significantly influence psychological stress responses, thus indicating that stressors had a stronger impact on psychological stress responses among those with high contingent self‐worth compared to those with low contingent self‐worth.
Exact controllability for semilinear wave equations in one space dimension
Authors: Zuazua E. 
Published: February 2017

The exact controllability of the semilinear wave equation

y″ – y_{xx} + f(y) = h

in one space dimension with Dirichlet boundary conditions is studied. We prove that if

|f(s)|/|s |\mathrm{log}^2 |s| → 0

as

|s| → ∞

, then the exact controllability holds in

\mathrm{H}_{0}^{1}(\mathrm{\Omega }) \times \mathrm{L}^{2}(\mathrm{\Omega })

with controls

h \in \mathrm{L}^2(Ω × (0, T))

supported in any open and non empty subset of

Ω

. The exact controllability time is that of the linear case where

f = 0

. Our method of proof is based on HUM (Hilbert Uniqueness Method) and on a fixed point technique. We also show that this result is almost optimal by proving that if

f

behaves like

– s \mathrm{log}^p(1 + |s|)

with

p> 2

as

|s| → ∞

, then the system is not exactly controllable. This is due to blow-up phenomena. The method of proof is rather general and applied also to the wave equation with Neumann type boundary conditions.

Résumé

On démontre la contrôlabilité exacte de l’équation des ondes semi-linéaire à une dimension d’espace pour des nonlinéarités

f

que satisfont

|s|/|s| \mathrm{log}^2 |s| → 0

lorsque

|s| → ∞

. La méthode de démonstration combine HUM et une technique de point fixe. En utilisant des arguments d’explosion on démontre que la condition de croissance imposée à la nonlinéarité est presque optimale.