bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous determination of simazine, cyanazine, and atrazine in honey samples by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Tian Hongzhe , Bai Xuesong , Xu Jing 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA rapid and simple sample preparation method was developed for simultaneous determination of three triazine herbicides in honey samples. The selected herbicides were extracted from honey samples by ionic liquid dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction, separated on a C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm id, 5 μm) using acetonitrile and H2O as the mobile phase with gradient elution, and then detected by high‐performance liquid chromatography. The parameters, such as the type and volume of the extraction and disperser solvent, ion strength, pH, extraction time, and centrifuge time were optimized in order to provide the excellent extraction performance. Good linearity was showed for all the target herbicides over the tested concentration range with correlation coefficient higher than 0.994. Three spiked levels (0.005, 0.05, 0.10 mg/kg) were applied for determination of the recoveries of the targets in honey samples in the range of 80–103% with relative standard deviations not larger than 10.6%. The limits of quantification for the analytes ranged between 1.5 and 4.0 μg/kg. The developed method was applied for determination of the target compounds residues in real samples.
Toward more accurate temperature reconstructions based on oxygen isotopes of subfossil chironomid head‐capsules in Australia
Authors: Chang Jie C. , Shulmeister James , Gröcke Darren R. , Woodward Craig A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis study investigates the potential of applying stable oxygen isotopes (δ18O) from head capsules (HCs) of subfossil chironomids (subfamily Tanypodinae) to reconstruct past temperature changes from south‐eastern Australia. The study reports δ18O results from Tanypodinae HCs in nine lakes. The relationship between δ18O values of Tanypodinae HCs in lakes and summer (February) air temperature is robust (r = 0.84) supporting its potential to be applied as a temperature proxy in the Australian region. The comparison of these results with the δ18O values measured on Chironomus spp. HCs from the same lakes reveals differences between the two groups. δ18O values of Tanypodinae HCs have a stronger correlation with the δ18O of lake water, δ18O of precipitation and air temperature as compared with Chironomus δ18O values. This suggests that Tanypodinae HCs are superior targets to Chironomus spp. for temperature reconstructions. Our data indicate that the δ18O of Tanypodinae HCs could perform as well as the assemblage based chironomid transfer function from the Australian mainland. We recommend analysis of HCs from additional lakes to develop a more robust calibration curve relating Tanypodinae HC δ18O to temperature.
Recovery of periodicities hidden in heavy‐tailed noise
Authors: Karabash Illya M. , Prestin Jürgen 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe address a parametric joint detection‐estimation problem for discrete signals of the form , , with an additive noise represented by independent centered complex random variables . The distributions of are assumed to be unknown, but satisfying various sets of conditions. We prove that in the case of a heavy‐tailed noise it is possible to construct asymptotically strongly consistent estimators for the unknown parameters of the signal, i.e., frequencies , their number N, and complex coefficients . For example, one of considered classes of noise is the following: are independent identically distributed random variables with and . The construction of estimators is based on detection of singularities of anti‐derivatives for Z‐transforms and on a two‐level selection procedure for special discretized versions of superlevel sets. The consistency proof relies on the convergence theory for random Fourier series.
Rotational symmetry of self‐expanders to the inverse mean curvature flow with cylindrical ends
Authors: Drugan Gregory , Fong Frederick Tsz‐Ho , Lee Hojoo 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe show that any complete, immersed self‐expander to the inverse mean curvature flow, which has one end asymptotic to a cylinder, or has two ends asymptotic to two coaxial cylinders, must be rotationally symmetric.
Anti‐MUC1 aptamer: A potential opportunity for cancer treatment
Authors: Nabavinia Maryam Sadat , Gholoobi Aida , Charbgoo Fahimeh , Nabavinia Mahboobeh , Ramezani Mohammad , Abnous Khalil 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMucin 1 (MUC1) is a protein usually found on the apical surface of most normal secretory epithelial cells. However, in most adenocarcinomas, MUC1 is overexpressed, so that it not only appears over the entire cell surface, but is also shed as MUC1 fragments into the blood stream. These phenomena pinpoint MUC1 as a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer; consequently, interest has increased in MUC1 as a molecular target for overcoming cancer therapy challenges. MUC1 currently ranks second among 75 antigen candidates for cancer vaccines, and different antibodies or aptamers against MUC1 protein are proving useful for tracing cancer cells in the emerging field of targeted delivery. The unique properties of MUC1 aptamers as novel targeting agents, and the revolutionary role that MUC1 now plays in cancer therapy, are the focus of this review. Recent advancements in MUC1‐targeted cancer therapy are also assessed.
Extracorporeal shock wave treatment can selectively destroy end plates in neuromuscular junctions
Authors: Kenmoku Tomonori , Nemoto Noriko , Iwakura Nahoko , Ochiai Nobuyasu , Uchida Kentaro , Saisu Takashi , Ohtori Seiji , Nakagawa Koichi , Sasho Takahisa , Takaso Masashi 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis study assesses the effect of radial extracorporeal shock wave (rESW) exposure on neuromuscular transmission and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) morphology.MethodsWe applied 2,000 rESWs at 0.18 mJ/mm2 and a frequency of 15 Hz to the right calf of male rats, measured the compound muscle action potential (CMAP), and examined NMJ morphology using electron microscopy. Left calf muscles were used as controls.ResultsrESW exposure significantly reduced CMAP amplitude without delayed latency in exposed muscles compared with controls. All rESW‐exposed muscles exhibited NMJs with irregular end plates. Mean interjunctional fold interval was significantly increased compared with controls. However, axon terminals and muscle fibers surrounding NMJs with irregular end plates were unchanged.DiscussionThis localized destruction of end plates may be caused by differences in acoustic impedance induced by the density of acetylcholine receptors. These results provide a possible mechanism for the effectiveness of rESW treatment for spasticity and dystonia. Muscle Nerve 57: 466–472, 2018
Validity of the Remote Food Photography Method Against Doubly Labeled Water Among Minority Preschoolers
Authors: Nicklas Theresa , Saab Rabab , Islam Noemi G. , Wong William , Butte Nancy , Schulin Rebecca , Liu Yan , Apolzan John W. , Myers Candice A. , Martin Corby K. 
Published: July 2017

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the validity of energy intake (EI) estimations made using the remote food photography method (RFPM) compared to the doubly labeled water (DLW) method in minority preschool children in a free‐living environment.MethodsSeven days of food intake and spot urine samples excluding first void collections for DLW analysis were obtained on thirty‐nine 3‐ to 5‐year‐old Hispanic and African American children. Using an iPhone, caregivers captured before and after pictures of each child's intake, pictures were wirelessly transmitted to trained raters who estimated portion size using existing visual estimation procedures, and energy and macronutrients were calculated. Paired t tests, mean differences, and Bland‐Altman limits of agreement were performed.ResultsThe mean EI was 1,191 ± 256 kcal/d using the RFPM and 1,412 ± 220 kcal/d using the DLW method, resulting in a mean underestimate of 222 kcal/d (−15.6%; P < 0.0001) that was consistent regardless of intake. The RFPM underestimated EI by −28.5% in 34 children and overestimated EI by 15.6% in 5 children.ConclusionsThe RFPM underestimated total EI when compared to the DLW method among preschoolers. Further refinement of the RFPM is needed for assessing the EI of young children.
Prescription drug use during pregnancy in France: a study from the national health insurance permanent sample
Authors: Demailly Romain , Escolano Sylvie , Quantin Catherine , Tubert‐Bitter Pascale , Ahmed Ismaïl 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPurposeTo provide an up‐to‐date account of drug prescription during pregnancy in France from 2011 to 2014 using the permanent sample of the French national computerized healthcare database and with a focus on recommended supplementations, fetotoxic drugs and teratogenic drugs.MethodsAll pregnancies identified by the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes list in the hospitalization database, lasting more than 9 weeks of amenorrhea and whose delivery occurred between 01/01/2011 and 12/31/2014, were included. Drugs delivered between the trimester before and until the end of the pregnancy were included. Drug exposure prevalence was calculated for each year and according to pregnancy trimesters.ResultsThe study included 28,491 pregnancies with a median number of 9 [5–13] (median [IQ range]) drugs delivered. The most prescribed drug class was antianemia (in 72.5% of exposed). The prescription rate of recommended vitamins (B9 and D) increased over the study period (+10%). Influenza vaccination also increased but remained at a low rate (1%). Exposure to fetotoxic drugs decreased as pregnancy advanced. Exposure to the main teratogenic antiepileptics was stable over the study period. Low‐income pregnant women had a higher average drug consumption except for recommended vitamins.ConclusionPregnant French women are among the largest consumers of prescription medications worldwide. Overall, the dispensation trends observed in this study are in line with the recommendations of the French National College of Gynecologists and Obstetricians. Nevertheless, while being low, exposure to fetotoxic drugs, teratogenic drugs or those under safety alerts still occurred. Supplementations and vaccines in low‐income pregnant women should also be increased.
Phytohormone inhibitor treatments phenocopy brassinosteroid–gibberellin dwarf mutant interactions in maize
Authors: Best Norman B. , Johal Guri , Dilkes Brian P. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryPhytohormone biosynthesis produces metabolites with profound effects on plant growth and development. Modulation of hormone levels during developmental events, in response to the environment, by genetic polymorphism, or by chemical application, can reveal the plant processes most responsive to a phytohormone. Applications of chemical inhibitors and subsequent measurements of specific phytohormones can determine whether, and which, phytohormone is affected by a molecule. In many cases, the sensitivity of biochemical testing has determined multiple pathways affected by a single inhibitor. Genetic studies are not subject to this problem, and a wealth of data about the morphological impacts of hormone biosynthetic inhibition have accumulated through the study of enzyme mutants. In this work, we sought to assess the specificity of three triazole inhibitors of cytochrome P450s by determining their abilities to recapitulate the phenotypes of single and double mutants affected in the production of brassinosteroid (BR) and gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis. The GA biosynthetic inhibitors uniconazole (UCZ) and paclobutrazol (PAC) were applied to the BR biosynthetic mutant nana plant2 (na2), and all double‐mutant phenotypes were recovered in the UCZ treatment. PAC was unable to suppress the retention of pistils in the tassels of na2 mutant plants. The BR biosynthetic inhibitor propiconazole (PCZ) suppressed tiller outgrowth in the GA biosynthetic mutant dwarf5 (d5). All treatments were additive with genetic mutants for effects on plant height. Due to additional measurements performed here but not in previous studies of the double mutants, we detected new interactions between GA and BR biosynthesis affecting the days to tassel emergence and tassel branching. These experiments, a refinement of our previous model, and a discussion of the extension of this type of work are presented.
Patients with established cancer cachexia lack the motivation and self‐efficacy to undertake regular structured exercise
Authors: Wasley David , Gale Nichola , Roberts Sioned , Backx Karianne , Nelson Annmarie , van Deursen Robert , Byrne Anthony 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectivesPatients with advanced cancer frequently suffer a decline in activities associated with involuntary loss of weight and muscle mass (cachexia). This can profoundly affect function and quality of life. Although exercise participation can maintain physical and psychological function in patients with cancer, uptake is low in cachectic patients who are underrepresented in exercise studies. To understand how such patients' experiences are associated with exercise participation, we investigated exercise history, self‐confidence, and exercise motivations in patients with established cancer cachexia, and relationships between relevant variables.MethodsLung and gastrointestinal cancer outpatients with established cancer cachexia (n = 196) completed a questionnaire exploring exercise history and key constructs of the Theory of Planned Behaviour relating to perceived control, psychological adjustment, and motivational attitudes.ResultsPatients reported low physical activity levels, and few undertook regular structured exercise. Exercise self‐efficacy was very low with concerns it could worsen symptoms and cause harm. Patients showed poor perceived control and a strong need for approval but received little advice from health care professionals. Preferences were for low intensity activities, on their own, in the home setting. Regression analysis revealed no significant factors related to the independent variables.ConclusionsFrequently employed higher intensity, group exercise models do not address the motivational and behavioural concerns of cachectic cancer patients in this study. Developing exercise interventions which match perceived abilities and skills is required to address challenges of self‐efficacy and perceived control identified. Greater engagement of health professionals with this group is required to explore potential benefits of exercise.
A Groundbreaking Stepwise Protocol to Prepare HMX from DPT: New Mechanism Hypothesis and Corresponding Process Study
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zou Po , Luo Jun 
Published: July 2017

Abstract1,3,5,7‐Tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetraazacyclooctane(HMX) is one of the most powerful and widely used explosives. 3,7‐Dinitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetraazabicyclo[3.3.1] (DPT) is an important precursor in the production of HMX. A new reaction mechanism including nitrolysis, nitrosolysis and nitrolysis processes in fuming HNO3 was put forward. The stable key intermediate 1‐nitroso‐3,5,7‐trinitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetraazacyclooctane (MNX) was isolated and characterized. Based on the new mechanism, a stepwise method to prepare HMX from DPT was developed. The influence factors on the yields of MNX such as reaction temperature, loading amounts of HNO3, NaNO2 and NH4NO3 were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, MNX was obtained with a satisfactory yield of 84.0 %. MNX could be efficiently and smoothly nitrolyzed in fuming nitric acid and afforded pure β‐HMX with excellent yield up to 92.8 %. The overall yield of the stepwise procedure was as high as 78.0 %, much higher than traditional one‐pot nitrolysis protocols.
Selective Oxidation of Cyclohexane Using Graphene Oxide‐Supported Ceria Nanocomposites with Exposed Active {1 0 0} Facets
Authors: Arumugam Selvamani , Mohan Babu Cadiam , Vasudevan Srinivasan Vinju , Vanaraj Ramkumar , Rukmanikrishnan Balasubramanian , Periyasamy Thirukumaran , Asrafali Shakila Parveen 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe present study is focused on the synthesis and characterization of ceria loaded graphene oxide (GO) and investigates their catalytic activity on vapor phase selective oxidation of cyclohexane. In this regards, we have synthesized various loading of CeO2 on GO with two different morphology includes nanocrystals and flower‐like, which designated as CeO2(x)/GO (where x= 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 wt.%). The physico‐chemical properties of the materials were extensively studied with help of XRD, N2 adsorption desorption (BET), DRUV‐Vis, HRSEM, HRTEM, H2‐TPR and XPS techniques. The crystalline nature of materials were analyzed by XRD, pure ceria shows high crystalline size about 15. 3 nm compared to others. Surface area of synthesized materials has been obtained with help of N2 adsorption desorption analysis, pure ceria and graphene oxide shows surface area about 93 and 574 m2/g, respectively. XPS and DRUV‐Vis spectra were confirms the presence of enormous Ce3+ ions in the lattice. The presence of nanocrystals and flower‐like morphology of CeO2(x)/GO were confirmed by HRSEM images. HRTEM images were clearly illustrated that the presence of dominant active {1 0 0} facets in flower‐like CeO2/GO than that of nanocrystalline morphology. The catalytic activity of materials has been evaluated on selective oxidation of cyclohexane using air as a green oxidant. The key reaction parameters were varied to study the stability, activity and selectivity of the catalysts. The activity of the catalysts is correlated with their physico‐chemical properties, and these results concluded that suitable amount of ceria and it's flower‐like morphology on GO is essential for selective oxidation of cyclohexane at low temperature (180 °C) compared to nanocrystalline morphology. Hence, flower‐like CeO2(0.4)/GO is a most suitable catalyst for high conversion (90%) of cyclohexane into cyclohexanone with 74% selectivity due to occurrence of enormous {1 0 0} facet and Ce3+.
All‐Metal Aromatic Sandwich Binuclear Complexes: Electronic Structures, Aromaticity and Interactions with Hydrogen via Multicenter Bonds
Authors: Zhu Haiyan , Cao Tingting , Zhang Qiyan , Liang Ximin , Suo Bingbing , Zou Wenli , Han Huixian , Huang Yixuan , Li Jianfu 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAccording to the first‐principle calculations, the aromatic Al42− unit can sandwich the two transition metal (TM) atoms forming a stable all‐metal binuclear compound [Al4TM2Al4]q‐ (q=‐2,0,2; TM=Sc, Ti, V, Y, Zr, Nb, La, Hf, Ta). The stability analysis shows that these all‐metal binuclear compounds Al4TM2Al4 exist as stable complexes forming aluminum rings which can maintain their two‐fold aromaticity of the molecule, which is either the
or the
aromaticity. Moreover the interaction between Al4Sc2Al4 and hydrogen atom has been also studied using density functional theory (DFT). It has been found that one Al4Sc2Al4 molecule can adsorb 12 hydrogen atoms, whose hydrogen storage mass density is 3.77 wt%. Furthermore, the average binding energy which is in the range between 0.2‐0.7 eV/H2, can be either adsorbed or desorbed reversibly under near standard conditions. We have also found that a multicenter bond is formed between the H atoms and the Al or Sc atoms during the process of hydrogen adsorption, which is characterized by specific vibration frequency. Therefore, in order to store hydrogen reversibly and effectively, we can select the specific mode in the infrared band which is able to induce the hydrogen desorption from that which is adsorbed by Al8Sc2.
The Ways of Factors Influencing High‐Solid Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Sugarcane Bagasse Treated by Liquid Hot Water
Authors: Wang Wen , Wang Qiong , Tan Xuesong , Qi Wei , Yu Qiang , Zhuang Xinshu , Yuan Zhenhong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe influence ways of structural feature, hydrolytic viscosity and monosaccharides′ concentrations on the enzymatic hydrolysis of high‐solid liquid hot water (LHW)‐treated lignocellulose were evaluated. The SEM observation showed that the residual lignin in the LHW‐treated sugarcane bagasse (SCB) played an important role in gluing fasciculate structures, and XRD detection indicated the decrease of crystalline index (CrI) of LHW‐treated SCB after lignin removal. The enzymatic hydrolysis of LHW‐treated SCB with and without lignin removal showed that the residual lignin might block the access of cellobiohydrolase to the crystalline cellulose. The fractal kinetic model indicated that the benefit of the low viscosity for high‐solid enzymatic hydrolysis of LHW‐treated SCB would appear with the time going. As the enzymatic hydrolysis proceeding, the accumulation of glucose imposed more and more intense inhibition on the cellulolytic hydrolysis, while the xylose showed a little inhibition. The changes of UV spectra indicated that the glucose accumulation hardly affected the side chains containing tyrosine (Try) and/or tryptophan (Trp) which should be not in the catalytic active center of cellulase.
Inducible somatic embryogenesis in Theobroma cacao achieved using the DEX-activatable transcription factor-glucocorticoid receptor fusion
Authors: Shires Morgan E. , Florez Sergio L. , Lai Tina S. , Curtis Wayne R. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Objectives
To carry out mass propagation of superior plants to improve agricultural and silvicultural production though advancements in plant cell totipotency, or the ability of differentiated somatic plant cells to regenerate an entire plant.

Results
The first demonstration of a titratable control over somatic embryo formation in a commercially relevant plant, Theobroma cacao (Chocolate tree), was achieved using a dexamethasone activatable chimeric transcription factor. This four-fold enhancement in embryo production rate utilized a glucocorticoid receptor fused to an embryogenic transcription factor LEAFY COTYLEDON 2. Where previous T. cacao somatic embryogenesis has been restricted to dissected flower parts, this construct confers an unprecedented embryogenic potential to leaves.

Conclusions
Activatable chimeric transcription factors provide a means for elucidating the regulatory cascade associated with plant somatic embryogenesis towards improving its use for somatic regeneration of transgenics and plant propagation.