bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An acute phase reaction with intravenous bisphosphonate use in a patient with recently diagnosed Graves’ disease
Authors: Gupta Katharine , Estrella Jane , Rajagopal Rohit , Shanmugalingam Praseetha , Simmons David 
Published: June 2017

Key Clinical MessageGiven the immune background, we hypothesize that active Grave's hyperthyroidism is a risk factor for an acute phase reaction associated with the use of bisphosphonates. We recommend that in patients with Graves’ thyrotoxicosis and hypercalcemia, consider the risk of an acute phase reaction if planning to give bisphosphonate therapy.
Diagnosis of a defect in the uterine wall using 3D ultrasound in the 16th week of gestation
Authors: López Ramón y Cajal Carlos , Rodríguez Fernández Vanesa 
Published: June 2017

Key Clinical MessageThe 3D volumetric transabdominal study with rendering mode is a very useful tool to perform a detailed study of the uterine wall, and it allows us to create a safe and early strategy during pregnancy in uterine dehiscences, as we show in this case in the 16th week of gestation.
Low‐Viscosity γ‐Butyrolactone‐Based Concentrated Electrolyte Solutions for LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Positive Electrodes in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Doi Takayuki , Shimizu Yusuke , Hashinokuchi Michihiro , Inaba Minoru 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHighly concentrated electrolyte solution with a low viscosity and high stability against oxidation was obtained by using a single solvent system of LiBF4/γ‐butyrolactone (GBL). Although up to 4.65 mol kg−1 LiBF4 could be dissolved in GBL at room temperature, 3.87 mol kg−1 LiBF4/GBL was a reasonable compromise to attain a low viscosity (52.1 mPa s) and a low GBL/Li molar ratio (3.00). Sodium carboxymethylcellulose and poly(acrylic acid) were used as binders for the spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 positive electrode and the graphite negative electrode, respectively, to suppress the swelling of conventional poly(vinylidene fluoride)‐based binder. The charge and discharge performances of the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 positive electrode and the graphite negative electrode were improved by using 3.87 mol kg−1 LiBF4/GBL, as compared with concentrated propylene carbonate‐based electrolyte solution.
Polypyrrole Nanofibers with Extended 1D Hierarchical Structure
Authors: Wójcik Kamil , Grzeszczuk Maria 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA two‐step electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole nanofibers with a fractal‐like surface structure is described. The bilayer structure of polypyrrole on a Pt substrate provided protection of the polymer against overoxidation. The polypyrrole bilayer is electronically conductive. Specific charge‐transport properties originated from the primary counter ions used in the two‐step electrosynthesis. When the outer layer of polypyrrole was involved in cation exchange during redox switching, the inner layer of anion exchanging polypyrrole was set at its conductive oxidized state, thus providing a stable reversible redox activity of the former. The growth dimensionality of the outer layer (1D or 2D) depended on the concentration of the anionic surfactant in the polymerization solution.
Patterning on Topography for Generation of Cell Culture Substrates with Independent Nanoscale Control of Chemical and Topographical Extracellular Matrix Cues
Authors: Sevcik Emily N. , Szymanski John M. , Jallerat Quentin , Feinberg Adam W. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe cell microenvironment plays an important role in many biological processes, including development and disease progression. Key to this is the extracellular matrix (ECM), a complex biopolymer network serving as the primary insoluble signaling network for physical, chemical, and mechanical cues. In vitro, the ability to engineer the ECM at the micro‐ and nanoscales is a critical tool to systematically interrogate the influence of ECM properties on cellular responses. Specifically, both topographical and chemical surface patterning has been shown to direct cell alignment and tissue architecture on biomaterial surfaces, however, it has proven challenging to independently control these surface properties. This protocol describes a method termed Patterning on Topography (PoT) to engineer 2D nanopatterns of ECM proteins onto topographically complex substrates, which enables independent control of physical and chemical surface properties. Applications include interrogation of fundamental cell‐surface interactions and engineering interfaces that can direct cell and/or tissue function. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Stereoselective Synthesis of 4′‐Selenonucleosides via the Seleno‐Michael Reaction
Authors: Sahu Pramod K. , Jarhad Dnyandev B. , Kim Gyudong , Jeong Lak Shin 
Published: June 2017

Abstract5′‐Homo‐4′‐selenonucleosides, a class of next‐generation nucleosides, are synthesized from D‐ribose via a 4‐selenosugar intermediate. The key step in synthesizing this intermediate is a seleno‐Michael reaction. 5′‐Homo‐4′‐selenouridine and ‐adenosine are prepared using Pummerer‐type and Vorbrüggen condensation, respectively. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Handling Fast‐Flowering Mini‐Maize
Authors: McCaw Morgan E. , Birchler James A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMaize (Zea mays) has a long history as a model organism for genetic analysis due to its ease of crossing, relatively large number of progeny, and ability to determine many genotypic traits through phenotypic kernel markers. Fast‐Flowering Mini‐Maize A and B (FFMM) are two recently developed lines of maize selected for traits that make them more conducive to research. FFMM flowers more quickly than standard maize and is much smaller; thus it requires a slightly modified protocol for care and crossing. The following protocol describes how to plant, care for, and cross FFMM in greenhouse, growth chamber, and field conditions. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Abiotic and biotic factors modulate carrion fate and vertebrate scavenging communities
Authors: Turner Kelsey L. , Abernethy Erin F. , Conner L. Mike , Rhodes Olin E. , Beasley James C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCarrion is a valuable nutrient resource used by a diversity of vertebrates across the globe. However, vertebrate scavenging ecology remains an understudied area of science, especially in regards to how biotic and abiotic factors influence scavenging community composition. Here we elucidate how fundamental biotic and abiotic factors interact to modulate the efficiency and composition of vertebrate scavengers by investigating scavenging dynamics across a large gradient in carcass sizes and habitat types representative of many temperate ecosystems, as well as between two seasons reflecting differences in invertebrate activity. We found carcass size and season influenced carcass fate and persistence, as well as the richness and composition of vertebrate scavenger communities utilizing carrion resources. Species richness, which increased as carcass size increased and was higher during the cool season, had a significant effect on carcass persistence. In addition, habitat type influenced carcass detection times by vertebrates, and we observed relatively distinct scavenging communities associated with carcasses of differing sizes. This research highlights a pervasive limitation to the interpretation of results of previous studies as research failing to incorporate carcass size and habitat type could result in the over or underrepresentation of vertebrate scavengers in food web dynamics.
A Network Meta‐Analysis of Short and Long‐Term Efficacy of Targeted Therapy With Single or Double‐Drug Regimens in the Treatment of Stage III/IV Malignant Melanoma Based on 16 Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Xie Ting , Huang Chun‐Yu , Kang Xu , Luo Jia‐Sheng , Qin Xiao‐Min , Han Feng 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTFor the treatment of stage III/IV malignant melanoma (MM), a network meta‐analysis (NMA) was conducted to compare the short and long‐term efficacy of targeted therapy with single or double‐drug regimens. All conducted randomized controlled trials (RCTs) searched from PubMed and Cochrane Library were included in the study for direct and indirect comparison for MM. The odds ratio (OR) and surface under the cumulative ranking curves (SUCRA) value of the targeted therapy with single or double‐drug regimens for treatment of stage III/IV MM were also analyzed. To group the treatments according to their similarity with regards to both outcomes, cluster analyses were performed. Ultimately, 16 RCTs were incorporated for this NMA. The NMA revealed that the overall response rate (ORR) values of single‐drug regimens (Vemurafenib [Vem], Dabrafenib [Dab], and Nivolumab [Niv]) were higher than those of Dacarbazine (Dac). Also the ORR values of double‐drug regimens (Dab + Trametinib [Dab + Tra], Niv + Ipilimumab [Niv + Ipi], and Vem + Cobimetinib [Vem + Cob]) were moderately higher than those of Dac. The results of the SUCRA showed that short‐term efficacy of single‐drug regimens (Vem and Dab) were better, while the short‐term efficacy of double‐drug regimens (Dab + Tra and Vem + Cob) were relatively better. It was determined that Vem, Dab, and Niv might be the best choice in evaluating the treatment of stage III/IV MM among different single‐drug targeted therapy regimens, while Dab + Tra, Niv + Ipi, and Vem + Cob might have better short‐term efficacy among different double‐drug targeted therapy regimens. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 640–649, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Classification of surfaces in a pseudo‐sphere with 2‐type pseudo‐spherical Gauss map
Authors: Bektaş Burcu , Canfes Elif Özkara , Dursun Uğur 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this article, we study submanifolds in a pseudo‐sphere with 2‐type pseudo‐spherical Gauss map. We give a characterization theorem for Lorentzian surfaces in the pseudo‐sphere with zero mean curvature vector in and 2‐type pseudo‐spherical Gauss map. We also prove that non‐totally umbilical proper pseudo‐Riemannian hypersurfaces in a pseudo‐sphere with non‐zero constant mean curvature has 2‐type pseudo‐spherical Gauss map if and only if it has constant scalar curvature. Then, for we obtain the classification of surfaces in with 2‐type pseudo‐spherical Gauss map. Finally, we give an example of surface with null 2‐type pseudo‐spherical Gauss map which does not appear in Riemannian case, and we give a characterization theorem for Lorentzian surfaces in with null 2‐type pseudo‐spherical Gauss map.
Quantitative Gd‐DOTA uptake from cerebrospinal fluid into rat brain using 3D VFA‐SPGR at 9.4T
Authors: Lee Hedok , Mortensen Kristian , Sanggaard Simon , Koch Palle , Brunner Hans , Quistorff Bjørn , Nedergaard Maiken , Benveniste Helene 
Published: June 2017

PurposeWe propose a quantitative technique to assess solute uptake into the brain parenchyma based on dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI). With this approach, a small molecular weight paramagnetic contrast agent (Gd‐DOTA) is infused in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and whole brain gadolinium concentration maps are derived.MethodsWe implemented a 3D variable flip angle spoiled gradient echo (VFA‐SPGR) longitudinal relaxation time (T1) technique, the accuracy of which was cross‐validated by way of inversion recovery rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (IR‐RARE) using phantoms. Normal Wistar rats underwent Gd‐DOTA infusion into CSF via the cisterna magna and continuous MRI for approximately 130 min using T1‐weighted imaging. Dynamic Gd‐DOTA concentration maps were calculated and parenchymal uptake was estimated.ResultsIn the phantom study, T1 discrepancies between the VFA‐SPGR and IR‐RARE sequences were approximately 6% with a transmit coil inhomogeneity correction. In the in vivo study, contrast transport profiles indicated maximal parenchymal retention of approximately 19% relative to the total amount delivered into the cisterna magna.ConclusionImaging strategies for accurate 3D contrast concentration mapping at 9.4T were developed and whole brain dynamic concentration maps were derived to study solute transport via the glymphatic system. The newly developed approach will enable future quantitative studies of the glymphatic system in health and disease states. Magn Reson Med 79:1568–1578, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Three‐dimensional motion corrected sensitivity encoding reconstruction for multi‐shot multi‐slice MRI: Application to neonatal brain imaging
Authors: Cordero‐Grande Lucilio , Hughes Emer J. , Hutter Jana , Price Anthony N. , Hajnal Joseph V. 
Published: June 2017

PurposeTo introduce a methodology for the reconstruction of multi‐shot, multi‐slice magnetic resonance imaging able to cope with both within‐plane and through‐plane rigid motion and to describe its application in structural brain imaging.Theory and MethodsThe method alternates between motion estimation and reconstruction using a common objective function for both. Estimates of three‐dimensional motion states for each shot and slice are gradually refined by improving on the fit of current reconstructions to the partial k‐space information from multiple coils. Overlapped slices and super‐resolution allow recovery of through‐plane motion and outlier rejection discards artifacted shots. The method is applied to T2 and T1 brain scans acquired in different views.ResultsThe procedure has greatly diminished artifacts in a database of 1883 neonatal image volumes, as assessed by image quality metrics and visual inspection. Examples showing the ability to correct for motion and robustness against damaged shots are provided. Combination of motion corrected reconstructions for different views has shown further artifact suppression and resolution recovery.ConclusionThe proposed method addresses the problem of rigid motion in multi‐shot multi‐slice anatomical brain scans. Tests on a large collection of potentially corrupted datasets have shown a remarkable image quality improvement. Magn Reson Med 79:1365–1376, 2018. © 2017 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
An algebraic multigrid method forQ2−Q1mixed discretizations of the Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Prokopenko Andrey , Tuminaro Raymond S. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryAlgebraic multigrid (AMG) preconditioners are considered for discretized systems of partial differential equations (PDEs) where unknowns associated with different physical quantities are not necessarily colocated at mesh points. Specifically, we investigate aQ2−Q1mixed finite element discretization of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations where the number of velocity nodes is much greater than the number of pressure nodes. Consequently, some velocity degrees of freedom (DOFs) are defined at spatial locations where there are no corresponding pressure DOFs. Thus, AMG approaches leveraging this colocated structure are not applicable. This paper instead proposes an automatic AMG coarsening that mimics certain pressure/velocity DOF relationships of theQ2−Q1discretization. The main idea is to first automatically define coarse pressures in a somewhat standard AMG fashion and then to carefully (but automatically) choose coarse velocity unknowns so that the spatial location relationship between pressure and velocity DOFs resembles that on the finest grid. To define coefficients within the intergrid transfers, an energy minimization AMG (EMIN‐AMG) is utilized. EMIN‐AMG is not tied to specific coarsening schemes and grid transfer sparsity patterns, and so it is applicable to the proposed coarsening. Numerical results highlighting solver performance are given on Stokes and incompressible Navier–Stokes problems.
In vitro maturation of human immature oocytes for fertility preservation and research material
Authors: Shirasawa Hiromitsu , Terada Yukihiro 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAimIn recent years, the importance of fertility preservation (FP) has increased. In vitro maturation (IVM), an important technique in FP, has started to be used in the clinic, but controversies persist regarding this technique. Here, a survey of IVM for FP is provided.MethodsBased on a literature review, the applications of FP, methods of FP, IVM of oocytes that had been collected in vivo and ex vivo, maturation of oocytes after IVM for FP, cryopreservation of oocytes for FP, explanation of the procedures to patients, and recent research on FP using IVM were investigated.ResultsAlthough IVM for FP remains controversial, the application of FP is expected to expand. Depending on the age and disease status of the patient, various methods of oocyte collection and ovarian stimulation, as well as various needle types and aspiration pressures, have been reported. The maturation rate of IVM in FP ranges widely and requires optimization in the future. In regard to cryopreservation for matured oocytes, the vitrification method is currently recommended.ConclusionRegarding FP for patients with cancer, the treatment of cancer is prioritized; thus, the time and use of medicines are often constrained. As several key points regarding IVM remain unclear, well‐designed and specific counseling for patients is necessary.
Effect of Residence in Temporary Housing After the Great East Japan Earthquake on the Physical Activity and Quality of Life of Older Survivors
Authors: Moriyama Nobuaki , Urabe Yukio , Onoda Shuichi , Maeda Noriaki , Oikawa Tomoyoshi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the physical activity level and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) between older survivors residing in temporary housing after the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE; temporary housing group) and older individuals residing in their own homes (control group) and to clarify whether mobility function and muscle strength were correlated with physical activity among older temporary housing residents.MethodsSubjects were recruited to the temporary housing group (n=64, 19 men and 45 women) or control group (n=64, 33 men and 31 women) according to their residence. Physical activity was assessed by the number of walking steps determined by using a triaxial accelerometer, mobility function by the Timed Up and Go test, muscle strength by the grasping power test, and HRQOL by the Medical Outcome Study 36-Item Short Form Survey v2.ResultsIn the temporary housing group, reduced physical activity and correlation between physical activity and mobility function in men, and muscle strength in both men and women, were observed. There was no significant difference in HRQOL between groups except for bodily pain in women.ConclusionSupport for older evacuees should focus on maintaining their physical activity level as well as on HRQOL to avoid deterioration of health in these survivors. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:701–710)
RAMSEY’S THEOREM FOR PAIRS ANDKCOLORS AS A SUB-CLASSICAL PRINCIPLE OF ARITHMETIC
Authors: BERARDI STEFANO , STEILA SILVIA 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe purpose is to study the strength of Ramsey’s Theorem for pairs restricted to recursive assignments ofk-many colors, with respect to Intuitionistic Heyting Arithmetic. We prove that for every natural number$k \ge 2$, Ramsey’s Theorem for pairs and recursive assignments ofkcolors is equivalent to the Limited Lesser Principle of Omniscience for${\rm{\Sigma }}_3^0$formulas over Heyting Arithmetic. Alternatively, the same theorem over intuitionistic arithmetic is equivalent to: for every recursively enumerable infinitek-ary tree there is some$i < k$and some branch with infinitely many children of indexi.
HYPERCLASS FORCING IN MORSE-KELLEY CLASS THEORY
Authors: ANTOS CAROLIN , FRIEDMAN SY-DAVID 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this article we introduce and study hyperclass-forcing (where the conditions of the forcing notion are themselves classes) in the context of an extension of Morse-Kelley class theory, called MK**. We define this forcing by using a symmetry between MK** models and models of ZFC− plus there exists a strongly inaccessible cardinal (called SetMK**). We develop a coding between β-models ${\cal M}$ of MK** and transitive models M+ of SetMK** which will allow us to go from ${\cal M}$ to M+ and vice versa. So instead of forcing with a hyperclass in MK** we can force over the corresponding SetMK** model with a class of conditions. For class-forcing to work in the context of ZFC− we show that the SetMK** model M+ can be forced to look like LK*[X], where κ* is the height of M+, κ strongly inaccessible in M+ and $X \subseteq \kappa$. Over such a model we can apply definable class forcing and we arrive at an extension of M+ from which we can go back to the corresponding β-model of MK**, which will in turn be an extension of the original ${\cal M}$. Our main result combines hyperclass forcing with coding methods of [3] and [4] to show that every β-model of MK** can be extended to a minimal such model of MK** with the same ordinals. A simpler version of the proof also provides a new and analogous minimality result for models of second-order arithmetic.
CANONICAL MODELS FOR FRAGMENTS OF THE AXIOM OF CHOICE
Authors: LARSON PAUL , ZAPLETAL JINDŘICH 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe develop technology for investigation of natural forcing extensions of the model $L\left( \mathbb{R} \right)$ which satisfy such statements as “there is an ultrafilter” or “there is a total selector for the Vitali equivalence relation”. The technology reduces many questions about ZF implications between consequences of the Axiom of Choice to natural ZFC forcing problems.
Radiocarbon Dates Constrain the Timing of Environmental and Cultural Shifts in the Holocene Strata of Wonderwerk Cave, South Africa
Authors: Ecker Michaela , Brink James , Chazan Michael , Kolska Horwitz Liora , Lee-Thorp Julia A 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWonderwerk Cave has yielded one of the longest and most complete Holocene Later Stone Age (LSA) records for the arid interior of South Africa. This paper presents the results of a new radiocarbon dating program for Excavation 1 that is explored within a Bayesian model of all existing Wonderwerk Cave radiocarbon (14C) dates for the Holocene. The proposed model, usingPhaseswithin an OxCalSequencemodel, provides robust age estimates for changes in the technological and paleoenvironmental record at the site. The more precise dates allow a comparison of the timing of climate shifts across the interior of southern Africa and begin to allow us to identify whether hiatuses in human occupation, or cultural shifts, are synchronous across broader areas of the subcontinent, or not.