bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fasziokutane Brückenlappenplastik zur Defektdeckung im Komplikationsfall am Unterschenkel nach Kompartmentsyndrom
Authors: Borger Anton , Karge Tobias , Babeluk Rita , Zak Lukas , Semmler Lorenz , Hajdu Stefan , Radtke Christine 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungWir berichten hier von einem komplizierten Fall eines Weichteildefektes mit einer herausfordernden Weichteildeckung am rechten Unterschenkel. Ein 29-jähriger Mann entwickelte nach einer Unterschenkelfraktur und Versorgung mit einem Tibianagel ein Kompartmentsyndrom aufgrund einer massiven Nachblutung mit einer Läsion des N. peronaeus communis sowie Muskelnekrosen im Bereich der Fibularisloge. Die initiale Deckung mit Spalthaut zeigte keine Heilungstendenz, sodass der Patient mit einem Weichteildefekt von ca. 25 × 10 cm am lateralen Unterschenkel mit frei liegender Tibia über 15 cm Länge in unser Krankenhaus übernommen wurde. Es erfolgte primär der Deckungsversuch mit einer Spalthauttransplantation nach sekundärer Granulation. Aufgrund einer vorgeschädigten Gefäßversorgung zeigte sich allerdings über 8 Monate eine frustrane Wundheilung. Zudem fielen im Röntgen eine Pseudarthrose und ein daraus resultierender Schraubenbruch der beiden distalen Verriegelungsschrauben auf. Hierbei wurde die Indikation für einen Revisionseingriff zur Frakturversorgung und zum Implantatwechsel gestellt. Im gleichen Eingriff wurde der Verschluss der kutanen Restdefekte durchgeführt. Bei einem bisher komplikationsbehafteten Verlauf und der schwierigen lokalen Durchblutungssituation war die Auswahl der Rekonstruktionsverfahren begrenzt. Es wurde in einem interdisziplinären Vorgehen eine Brückenlappenplastik vom medialen Unterschenkel durchgeführt. Der Hebedefekt wurde mit Spalthaut gedeckt. Die Wunde konnte auf diese Weise nach einem Jahr schließlich suffizient gedeckt werden.
Gesundheitsprobleme nach radikaler Prostatektomie
Authors: Klorek Tobiasz , Schlichte Anton N. J. H. , Peter Cornelia , Jahnen Matthias , Dinkel Andreas , Schiele Stefan , Lunger Lukas , Schulwitz Helga , Gschwend Jürgen E. , Herkommer Kathleen 
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Die radikale Prostatektomie (RP) ist eine der häufigsten Therapiestrategien zur Behandlung des lokal begrenzten Prostatakarzinoms (PCa). Derzeit ist nicht klar, welchen Stellenwert postoperative funktionelle Einschränkungen im Langzeitverlauf für betroffene Patienten haben, insbesondere im Vergleich zu altersbedingten Komorbiditäten.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziel dieser Analyse war es, die Prävalenz subjektiver Gesundheitsprobleme sowie funktioneller Defizite bei PCa-Langzeitüberlebenden nach RP und die erlebte Beeinträchtigung zu quantifizieren.

Material und Methoden
Mittels des deutschsprachigen „Self-administered Comorbidity Questionnaire“ (SCQ-D) bewerteten 3173 Langzeitüberlebende nach RP ihre Begleiterkrankungen in 13 vorgegebenen Kategorien sowie in 3 Freitextantwortfeldern. Die Beurteilung erfolgte anhand der Dimensionen „Problem“, „Behandlung“ und „Beeinträchtigung“.

Ergebnisse
Das Alter bei Befragung betrug im Mittel 79,5 (SD ± 6,4) Jahre, die Zeit seit RP 17,4 (SD ± 3,7) Jahre. Die drei am häufigsten als Problem angegebenen Komorbiditäten/der Anteil der Patienten, die sich beeinträchtigt fühlten waren: Bluthochdruck (62,2 %/8,5 %), Rückenschmerzen (44,1 %/54,5 %) und Arthrose (36,1 %/54,1 %). Am häufigsten waren unter dem Überbegriff der „urologischen Probleme“ (6,1 %/72,7 %): Inkontinenz (4,8 %/74,3 %), Blasenprobleme (1,1 %/61,8 %), erektile Dysfunktion (0,5 %/47,1 %).

Schlussfolgerung
Insgesamt wurden nicht-karzinombedingte Komorbiditäten im Langzeitverlauf nach RP zwar häufig als „Problem“ wahrgenommen, sie sind aber selten mit einer erlebten Beeinträchtigung verknüpft. Demgegenüber wurden tumortherapiebedingte, urologische Probleme selten als „Problem“ angegeben, sie werden allerdings sehr häufig als beeinträchtigend im Alltag erlebt.
From pen to algorithm: optimizing legislation for the future with artificial intelligence
Authors: Hill Guzyal , Waddington Matthew , Qiu Leon 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis research poses the question of whether it is possible to optimize modern legislative drafting by integrating LLM-based systems into the lawmaking process to address the pervasive challenge of misinformation and disinformation in the age of AI. While misinformation is not a novel phenomenon, with the proliferation of social media and AI, disseminating false or misleading information has become a pressing societal concern, undermining democratic processes, public trust, and social cohesion. AI can be used to proliferate disinformation and misinformation through fake news and deepfakes; can AI also be used for beneficial purposes to develop the antidote legislation combatting these challenges? Leveraging the capabilities of LLMS, such as ChatGPT and others, can present a promising direction for optimizing legislative drafting. By proposing the methodological approach of an AI bun, this article explores an important approach in which LLMS can support lawmakers and policy experts in crafting legislation. The article contributes to the discourse through a nuanced understanding of the opportunities and challenges in harnessing LLM-powered tools for legislative innovation. Ultimately, it underscores the transformative potential of LLMs as a potential resource for lawmakers seeking to navigate decision-making while developing legislation on an example of navigating the intricate landscape of misinformation and disinformation regulation in the age of AI.
The Hydrophobic Stabilization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteriophage F8 and the Influence of Modified Bacteriophage Preparation on Biofilm Degradation
Authors: Szermer-Olearnik Bożena , Filik-Matyjaszczyk Karolina , Ciekot Jarosław , Czarny Anna 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe bacteriophage F8 belongs to the Myoviridae group of phages and is a pathogen of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Since Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a multidrug-resistant opportunistic bacterium and can cause serious challenges for health services, studying the potential use of phages against them is a promising approach. Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be found on medical devices because bacteria can attach to surfaces and develop biofilms, which are difficult to eradicate because of their high resistance to environmental conditions and antimicrobial therapeutics. Phage therapy is becoming promising as an alternative for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant infections, but there is still a lack of standardized protocols approved by health organizations for possible use in the clinic. In our research, we focused on the potential use of 1-octanol, which was previously used by our team to develop a method for phage purification from bacterial lysate. 1-octanol is a fatty alcohol that is mostly used in the cosmetics industry, and its advantage is that it is approved by the FDA as a food additive. In this paper, we studied the protective properties of the addition of 1-octanol for storing phage liquid preparations. We demonstrated the stabilization effect of 1-octanol addition on F8 bacteriophage preparation during storage under various conditions. Interestingly, more effective biofilm reduction was observed after treatment with the purified bacteriophage and with 1-octanol addition compared to crude lysate.
Cognitive performance from childhood to old age and intergenerational correlations in the multigenerational Young Finns Study
Authors: Heiskanen Marja A. , Nevalainen Jaakko , Pahkala Katja , Juonala Markus , Hutri Nina , Kähönen Mika , Jokinen Eero , Laitinen Tomi P. , Tossavainen Päivi , Taittonen Leena , Viikari Jorma S. A. , Raitakari Olli T. , Rovio Suvi P. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Cognitive performance changes during the lifespan, but the information is gathered from studies on separate age cohorts. Computerized neurocognitive testing enables efficient and similar assessments for all ages. We investigated (i) the effect of age at different stages of life and (ii) intergenerational correlations across cognitive domains in the multigenerational Young Finns Study.

Methods
Participants in three familiarly related generations (n = 6486, aged 7–92 years) performed the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). Overall cognitive performance and domains representing learning and memory, working memory, information processing, and reaction time were extracted by common principal component analysis from the cognitive data with several age groups. Linear models were used to study the association of age, sex, and education with overall cognitive performance and in the cognitive domains. Age-adjusted intergenerational correlations were calculated.

Results
Learning and memory peaked earlier during the lifespan compared to working memory and information processing, and the rate of decline toward old age differed by domain. Weak intergenerational correlations existed between two consecutive generations but were nonsignificant between grandparents and grandchildren. There was no systematic sex-specific transmission in any cognitive domain.

Conclusion
This study describes the natural course of cognitive performance across the lifespan and proves that cognitive performance changes differently across cognitive domains with weak intergenerational transmission.
ctDNA responds to neoadjuvant treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Bürtin Florian , Elias Liema , Hinz Sebastian , Forster Michael , Hildebrandt Guido , Frerker Bernd , Bock Felix 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive procedure investigating tumor mutations.

Methods
In our retrospective study, we investigated whether molecular therapy monitoring of patients receiving neoadjuvant radio(chemo)therapy on a daily routine is possible in 17 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Six patients received short-course radiotherapy (5 × 5 Gy) with subsequent surgery, six patients were treated according RAPIDO protocol with short-course radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy (FOLFOX4) and subsequent surgery and five patients received conventional neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy with 5-FU followed by surgery. Response was assessed by Dworak. Liquid biopsies were taken before and immediately after neoadjuvant radiotherapy to isolate and ultradeeply sequence cell free DNA with a panel of 127 genes. Somatic mutations were determined bioinformatically by comparison with normal DNA from leukocytes to distinguish them from germline variants or aging mutations.

Results
In 12 patients (71%) at least one somatic mutation was detected. In 8/12 patients a decrease and in 4/12 an increase or mixed response in ctDNA was seen. Statistical correlation between ctDNA analysis and clinical response could not be seen.

Conclusion
ctDNA is responding to neoadjuvant therapy and liquid biopsy is easily integrated into a daily routine. As part of translational research this protocol leaves room for further investigations.
Flash combustion prepared Sm and Co doped Sr hexaferrite for environmental applications
Authors: El-Masry Mai M. , Ramadan Rania 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNanotechnology is offering solutions to water contamination issues, as new techniques are needed to improve the removal of harmful compounds from water bodies. Despite previous reviews on this topic, nanotechnology is paving the way for more effective water treatment methods. Understanding the substitute influence of divalent Co2+ and rare earth elements Sm3+ on the structure, magnetic, and removal efficiency of hexagonal ferrites requires an understanding of a sequence of SrFe12O19, SrFe11.5Co0.5O19, Sr0.95Sm0.05Fe12O19, and Sr0.95Sm0.05Fe11.5Co0.5O19 M-type hexagonal ferrites were prepared using the flash technique. The XRD examination revealed that the crystallized material formed a single M-type hexagonal phase. The characteristics of M-type hexagonal ferrites include absorption bands with low wavenumbers in the FTIR curves between 400 to 1000 cm−1. There was a variation in magnetic characteristics with the replacement of Sm3+ and Co2+ doping, possibly due to the spin canting impact created by rare earth Sm3+ and Co2+ ions. The goal of the research is to explore the potential of doping magnetic hexaferrites and its influence in wastewater treatment. Various parameters, such as pH and contact duration, that influence the adsorption of lead ions from aqueous solutions were also examined. At pH 7 and 25 °C after 70min, the maximal removal efficiency of the Sr0.95Sm0.05Fe11.5Co0.5O19 was found to be 99%. Magnetic separation was carried out by applying an external magnetic field using a permanent magnet. The strong magnetization of the ferrites (51–58 emu/g) enabled the rapid separation of the magnetic particles from the solution, with over 95% of the ferrite particles being recovered within 10 to 70 min. The Freundlich isotherm model fitted all the isotherm data. Adsorption kinetics were explained by the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second order, and intraparticle diffusion models. The investigated samples’ adsorption capacity remained efficient till 5 cycles.
Shaping the causes of product returns: topic modeling on online customer reviews
Authors: Mor Andrea , Orsenigo Carlotta , Soto Gomez Mauricio , Vercellis Carlo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractProduct return is a common phenomenon in the online retailing industry and entails several inconveniences for both the seller, who incurs in high costs for restocking the returned goods, and the customer, who has to deal with product re-shipping. In this paper, we outline a data-driven approach, based on Natural Language Processing, in which a broad corpus of customer reviews of an online retailer is exploited with the aim of shaping the main causes of product returns. In particular, a variety of topic modeling techniques represented both by classic methods, given by LDA and variants, and more recent algorithms, i.e., BERTopic, were applied to identify the main return reasons across multiple product categories, and their outcomes were compared to select the best approach. The category-dependent sets of return causes inferred through topic modeling largely enrich the product-agnostic list of return reasons currently used on the e-commerce platform, and provide valuable information to the retailer who can devise ad-hoc strategies to mitigate the returns and, hence, the costs of the related logistic network.
Preschoolers’ Attentional and Behavioral Regulation: Differential Pathways through Poverty and Parenting
Authors: Liu Qingyang , Zhang Ying , Razza Rachel A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study explored specificity in the associations between early poverty and preschoolers’ behavioral and attentional regulation. In particular, there was an emphasis on delineating contextual factors (i.e., material hardship and household chaos) and parenting processes (i.e., maternal aggravation and maternal acceptance) as sequential mechanisms. The sample included 2850 families from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study. Results suggested that early poverty in infancy (age one) was associated with behavioral regulation and attentional regulation in preschool years (age five). Material hardship mediated the link between early poverty and behavioral regulation, while household chaos mediated the link between early poverty and attentional regulation. Additionally, maternal aggravation mediated the association between material hardship and behavioral regulation, while maternal acceptance mediated the associations between household chaos and attentional and behavioral regulation. Findings informed targeted interventions to alleviate hardship and chaos and promote positive parenting practices to bolster children’s self-regulation.
Transformation of dry dipterocarp to dry evergreen forests alters food webs of web-building spiders and their prey
Authors: Michalko Radek , Songsangchote Chaowalit , Saksongmuang Venus , Wongprom Prasit , Trisurat Yongyut , Košulič Ondřej 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAnthropogenic habitat modification is a major contributor to global change. While the modification of natural habitats to agroecosystems attracts most of the attention, little is known about the conversion of one natural ecosystem to another. Dry dipterocarp forest is the key dry forest type across Southeast Asia. Moderate fire disturbance is essential for its regeneration, but humans often prevent fire in these forests. Consequently, dry dipterocarps can change to dry evergreen forests through succession. The consequences of this conversion on food webs are unknown. Using the network approach, we compared the food webs of web-building spiders and their prey in the understory between dry dipterocarp (open canopy, uniform understory) and dry evergreen forests (closed canopy, heterogeneous understory) in north-eastern Thailand. Overall, we collected 560 individual web-building spiders belonging to 37 genera. Further, we collected 1139 prey items from spider webs belonging to 16 arthropod orders. The composition of captured prey and the network structure differed between the forest types. Specifically, the web-building spiders were more specialized and their niches overlapped less in dry dipterocarps than in dry evergreens. The differences in food-web structure were driven mostly by trophic groups turnover rather than interaction rewiring. Implications for insect conservation: The transformation of dry dipterocarp to dry evergreen forests from the prevention of fire disturbance may lead to an altered ecological function of web-building spiders in forest understories. As trophic links and their strength are rewired, habitat modification may also lead to changes in nutrient and energy flow in forest understories.
Functional light diffusers based on hybrid CsPbBr3/SiO2 aero-framework structures for laser light illumination and conversion
Authors: Saure Lena M. , Lumma Jonas , Kohlmann Niklas , Hartig Torge , Teotonio Ercules E. S. , Shetty Shwetha , Ravishankar Narayanan , Kienle Lorenz , Faupel Franz , Schröder Stefan , Adelung Rainer , Terraschke Huayna , Schütt Fabian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe new generation of laser-based solid-state lighting (SSL) white light sources requires new material systems capable of withstanding, diffusing, and converting high intensity laser light. State-of-the-art systems use a blue light emitting diode or laser diode in combination with color conversion materials, such as yellow emitting Ce-doped phosphors or red and green emitting quantum dots (QD), to produce white light. However, for laser-based high-brightness illumination thermal management and uniform light diffusion are still major challenges in the quest to convert a highly focused laser beam into an efficient lighting solution. Here, we present a material system consisting of a highly open porous (> 99%) framework structure of hollow SiO2 microtubes. This framework structure enables efficient and uniform light distribution as well as ensuring good thermal management even at high laser powers of up to 5 W, while drastically reducing the speckle contrast. By further functionalizing the microtubes with halide perovskite QDs (SiO2@CsPbBr3 as model system) color conversion from UV to visible light is achieved. By depositing an ultrathin (~ 5.5 nm) film of poly(ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylate) (pEGDMA) via initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD), the luminescent stability of the QDs against moisture is enhanced. The demonstrated hybrid material system paves the way for the design of advanced and functional laser light diffusers and converters that can meet the challenges associated with laser-based SSL applications.
Graphical Abstract
Preface: functional nanocomposite materials
Authors: Ameri Tayebeh , Maçoas Ermelinda , Rizzo Aurora , Yadav Raghvendra Singh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Functional nanocomposite materials are hybrid systems combining nanoscale fillers with a matrix, resulting in enhanced properties such as mechanical strength, thermal stability, and electrical conductivity. These materials are highly versatile, finding applications across a broad range of fields, including aerospace for lightweight, strong components, electronics for flexible and high-performance devices, healthcare for targeted drug delivery and tissue engineering, and environmental sectors for water purification and pollutant sensing. Their tunable properties make them ideal for addressing emerging challenges in various industries. This special issue entitled as ‘‘Functional Nanocomposite Materials’’ of Journal of Materials Science is a remarkable collection of invited and contributed papers on this topic, showcasing outstanding recent research results in this field.

Graphical abstract
Revisiting the connection between variations in the Tsushima Warm Current and winter rainfall along the coast of Japan
Authors: Yokomatsu Cocoro , Kida Shinichiro 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Enhanced autumn transport via the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC) has been reported to increase winter rainfall along Japan’s northern coast. However, observations reveal a significantly weakened correlation after 2006. Although enhanced transport via the Eastern channel of the Tsushima Strait affects rainfall by enhancing latent heat flux along Japan’s northern coast, the role of oceanic flows in varying sea-surface temperatures has weakened since 2006. Stronger northwesterly winds co-occur with enhanced surface heat loss that overwhelms the impact of the TWC. Our findings imply that atmospheric conditions should be considered when using TWC transport as a precursor for winter rainfall.
Finite-Time Nonconvex Optimization Using Time-Varying Dynamical Systems
Authors: Nguyen Lien T. , Eberhard Andrew , Yu Xinghuo , Kruger Alexander Y. , Li Chaojie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we study the finite-time convergence of the time-varying dynamical systems for solving convex and nonconvex optimization problems in different scenarios. We first show the asymptotic convergence of the trajectories of dynamical systems while only requiring convexity of the objective function. Under the Kurdyka–Łojasiewicz (KL) exponent of the objective function, we establish the finite-time convergence of the trajectories to the optima from any initial point. Making use of the Moreau envelope, we adapt our finite-time convergent algorithm to solve weakly convex nonsmooth optimization problems. In addition, we unify and extend the contemporary results on the KL exponent of the Moreau envelope of weakly convex functions. A dynamical system is also introduced to find a fixed point of a nonexpansive operator in finite time and fixed time under additional regularity properties. We then apply it to address the composite optimization problems with finite-time and fixed-time convergence.