bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of developing a multidisciplinary coded dataset standard on administrative data accuracy for septoplasty, septorhinoplasty and nasal trauma surgery
Authors: Nouraei S A R , Hudovsky A , Virk J S , Saleh H A 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to develop a multidisciplinary coded dataset standard for nasal surgery and to assess its impact on data accuracy.Method:An audit of 528 patients undergoing septal and/or inferior turbinate surgery, rhinoplasty and/or septorhinoplasty, and nasal fracture surgery was undertaken.Results:A total of 200 septoplasties, 109 septorhinoplasties, 57 complex septorhinoplasties and 116 nasal fractures were analysed. There were 76 (14.4 per cent) changes to the primary diagnosis. Septorhinoplasties were the most commonly amended procedures. The overall audit-related income change for nasal surgery was £8.78 per patient. Use of a multidisciplinary coded dataset standard revealed that nasal diagnoses were under-coded; a significant proportion of patients received more precise diagnoses following the audit. There was also significant under-coding of both morbidities and revision surgery.Conclusion:The multidisciplinary coded dataset standard approach can improve the accuracy of both data capture and information flow, and, thus, ultimately create a more reliable dataset for use outcomes and health planning.
Augmented trophoblast cell death in preeclampsia can proceed via ceramide-mediated necroptosis
Authors: Bailey Liane Jennifer , Alahari Sruthi , Tagliaferro Andrea , Post Martin , Caniggia Isabella 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPreeclampsia, a serious hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, is characterized by elevated ceramide (CER) content that is responsible for heightened trophoblast cell death rates via apoptosis and autophagy. Whether trophoblast cells undergo necroptosis, a newly characterized form of regulated necrosis, and the potential role of CER in this process remain to be established. Herein, we report that exposure of both JEG3 cells and primary isolated cytotrophoblasts to C16:0 CER in conjunction with a caspase-8 inhibitor (Q-VD-OPh) promoted necroptotic cell death, as evidenced by increased expression and association of receptor-interacting protein kinases RIP1 and RIP3, as well as phosphorylation of mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) protein. MLKL activation and oligomerization could be abrogated by pretreatment with the necroptosis inhibitor necrostatin-1 (Nec-1). CER+Q-VD-OPH-treated primary trophoblasts displayed striking necrotic morphology along with disrupted fusion processes as evidenced by maintenance of E-cadherin-stained membrane boundaries and reduced glial cell missing-1 expression, but these events were effectively reversed using Nec-1. Of clinical relevance, we established an increased susceptibility to necroptotic cell death in preeclamptic placentae relative to normotensive controls. In preeclampsia, increased necrosome (RIP1/RIP3) protein levels, as well as MLKL activation and oligomerization associated with necrotic cytotrophoblast morphology. In addition, caspase-8 activity was reduced in severe early-onset preeclampsia cases. This study is the first to report that trophoblast cells undergo CER-induced necroptotic cell death, thereby contributing to the increased placental dysfunction and cell death found in preeclampsia.
Knockout of Eva1a leads to rapid development of heart failure by impairing autophagy
Authors: Zhang Shu , Lin Xin , Li Ge , Shen Xue , Niu Di , Lu Guang , Fu Xin , Chen Yingyu , Cui Ming , Bai Yun 
Published: February 2017

AbstractEVA1A (Eva-1 homologue A) is a novel lysosome and endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein that can regulate cell autophagy and apoptosis. Eva1a is expressed in the myocardium, but its function in myocytes has not yet been investigated. Therefore, we generated inducible, cardiomyocyte-specific Eva1a knockout mice with an aim to determine the role of Eva1a in cardiac remodelling in the adult heart. Data from experiments showed that loss of Eva1a in the adult heart increased cardiac fibrosis, promoted cardiac hypertrophy, and led to cardiomyopathy and death. Further investigation suggested that this effect was associated with impaired autophagy and increased apoptosis in Eva1a knockout hearts. Moreover, knockout of Eva1a activated Mtor signalling and the subsequent inhibition of autophagy. In addition, Eva1a knockout hearts showed disorganized sarcomere structure and mitochondrial misalignment and aggregation, leading to the lack of ATP generation. Collectively, these data demonstrated that Eva1a improves cardiac function and inhibits cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis by increasing autophagy. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that Eva1a may have an important role in maintaining cardiac homeostasis.
Effect of tiotropium and olodaterol on symptoms and
patient-reported outcomes in patients with COPD: results from four randomised, double-blind studies
Authors: Ferguson Gary T. , Karpel Jill , Bennett Nathan , Clerisme-Beaty Emmanuelle , Grönke Lars , Voß Florian , Buhl Roland 
Published: February 2017

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Trials of maintenance chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatments focus on improvement in lung function and reductions in exacerbations, while patients are much more concerned about symptoms and health status. Our aim was to investigate the effects of tiotropium + olodaterol on patient-reported health outcomes, breathlessness and night-time rescue medication use in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, compared to placebo, tiotropium or olodaterol monotherapy. Two pairs of replicate, phase III studies of 12 (OTEMTO 1 + 2) and 52 weeks’ (TONADO 1 + 2) duration were evaluated, in which patients received either tiotropium + olodaterol 2.5/5 or 5/5 μg, tiotropium 2.5 or 5 μg, olodaterol 5 μg or placebo, all delivered once daily via Respimat inhaler. Patient-reported outcomes included breathlessness assessed by transition dyspnoea index focal score, health status assessed by St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire total score and night-time rescue medication use at 12 or 24 weeks. Outcomes from the pooled study data are reported. Overall, 1621 and 5162 patients were treated in the OTEMTO and TONADO trials, respectively. Significantly larger improvements in St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire and transition dyspnoea index focal scores were observed and a greater proportion of patients were responders to therapy (based on minimum clinically important differences in St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire and transition dyspnoea index) with tiotropium + olodaterol compared to either monotherapy or to placebo. Tiotropium + olodaterol 5/5 µg significantly reduced night-time rescue medication usage.
A novel semiconductor-based, fully incoherent amplified spontaneous emission light source for ghost imaging
Authors: Hartmann Sébastien , Elsäßer Wolfgang 
Published: February 2017

AbstractInitially, ghost imaging (GI) was demonstrated with entangled light from parametric down conversion. Later, classical light sources were introduced with the development of thermal light GI concepts. State-of-the-art classical GI light sources rely either on complex combinations of coherent light with spatially randomizing optical elements or on incoherent lamps with monochromating optics, however suffering strong losses of efficiency and directionality. Here, a broad-area superluminescent diode is proposed as a new light source for classical ghost imaging. The coherence behavior of this spectrally broadband emitting opto-electronic light source is investigated in detail. An interferometric two-photon detection technique is exploited in order to resolve the ultra-short correlation timescales. We thereby quantify the coherence time, the photon statistics as well as the number of spatial modes unveiling a complete incoherent light behavior. With a one-dimensional proof-of-principle GI experiment, we introduce these compact emitters to the field which could be beneficial for high-speed GI systems as well as for long range GI sensing in future applications.
Rapid cell separation with minimal manipulation for autologous cell therapies
Authors: Smith Alban J. , O’Rorke Richard D. , Kale Akshay , Rimsa Roberts , Tomlinson Matthew J. , Kirkham Jennifer , Davies A. Giles , Wälti Christoph , Wood Christopher D. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe ability to isolate specific, viable cell populations from mixed ensembles with minimal manipulation and within intra-operative time would provide significant advantages for autologous, cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. Current cell-enrichment technologies are either slow, lack specificity and/or require labelling. Thus a rapid, label-free separation technology that does not affect cell functionality, viability or phenotype is highly desirable. Here, we demonstrate separation of viable from non-viable human stromal cells using remote dielectrophoresis, in which an electric field is coupled into a microfluidic channel using shear-horizontal surface acoustic waves, producing an array of virtual electrodes within the channel. This allows high-throughput dielectrophoretic cell separation in high conductivity, physiological-like fluids, overcoming the limitations of conventional dielectrophoresis. We demonstrate viable/non-viable separation efficacy of >98% in pre-purified mesenchymal stromal cells, extracted from human dental pulp, with no adverse effects on cell viability, or on their subsequent osteogenic capabilities.
Quantitative Anterior and Posterior Clinoidectomy Analysis and Mobilization of the Oculomotor Nerve during Surgical Exposure of the Basilar Apex Using Frameless Stereotaxis
Authors: Cetas Justin , Anderson Gregory , Rekito Andy , Delashaw Johnny , Dogan Aclan 
Published: February 2017

Background Anterior and posterior clinoidectomies have been proposed to augment exposure of the basilar apex. A sequential quantitative benefit analysis offered by these maneuvers has not been reported.
Methods Fourteen datasets from eight cadaveric specimens were analyzed. A modified orbitozygomatic frontotemporal craniotomy was performed. The extent of proximal control of the basilar artery was determined through the exposed opticocarotid and carotidoculomotor triangles before and after clinoidectomies and mobilization of the third nerve at the porous oculomotarius.
Results Removal of the anterior and posterior clinoids significantly improved proximal basilar artery access (p < 0.012) and increased the opticocarotid triangle and carotidoculomotor triangle areas (p < 0.017). Surgical freedom increased inferosuperiorally in the opticocarotid triangle following anterior clinoidectomy (p < 0.047) and in carotidoculomotor triangle following posterior clinoidectomy (p < 0.047). Mobilization of the third nerve increased surgical freedom in the mediolateral projection of the carotidoculomotor triangle (p < 0.047).
Conclusion Anterior and posterior clinoidectomies significantly improved the area of exposure of the opticocarotid triangle, carotidoculomotor triangle, and the exposed length of the basilar artery available for proximal control. This improvement is extremely important for large or giant aneurysms of the upper basilar artery or aneurysms hidden by the posterior clinoid.
Head and Neck Lymphomas in HIV Patients: a Clinical Perspective
Authors: Oishi Natsuki , Bagán José , Javier Karla , Zapater Enrique 
Published: February 2017

Introduction Because of the many HIV-related malignancies, the diagnosis and treatment of lymphoma in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus are challenging.
Objective Here, we review current knowledge of the pathogenesis, epidemiology, symptomatology, diagnosis, and treatment of head and neck lymphomas in HIV patients from a clinical perspective.
Data Synthesis Although Hodgkin's lymphoma is not an AIDS-defining neoplasm, its prevalence is ten times higher in HIV patients than in the general population. NHL is the second most common malignancy in HIV patients, after Kaposi's sarcoma. In this group of patients, NHL is characterized by rapid progression, frequent extranodal involvement, and a poor outcome. HIV-related salivary gland disease is a benign condition that shares some features with lymphomas and is considered in their differential diagnosis.
Conclusion The otolaryngologist may be the first clinician to diagnose head and neck lymphomas. The increasing survival of HIV patients implies clinical and epidemiological changes in the behavior of this disease. Early diagnosis is important to improve the prognosis and avoid the propagation of HIV infection.
Single-residue molecular switch for high-temperature dependence of vanilloid receptor TRPV3
Authors: Liu Beiying , Qin Feng 
Published: February 2017

Significance
Thermal TRP channels are principal molecular entities of transducing thermal and noxious stimuli. The mechanisms by which they detect temperature remain elusive, however. Our and others’ recent studies show that thermal channels, such as the vanilloid receptor transient receptor potential 3 (TRPV3), are strongly use-dependent. Here, by exploring this distinct feature using fast temperature jumps, we have identified a molecular basis for temperature-dependent gating of ion channels.
In situ measurements of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) target strength
Authors: Coombs Roger F. , Barr Richard 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Coombs, R. F., and Barr, R. 2007. In situ measurements of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) target strength. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 1220–1234. Orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) support one of New Zealand's most valuable commercial fisheries, and its assessment poses many problems. Acoustic estimation using echo integration has become one of the main sources of biomass information, and for this an estimate of orange roughy target strength (TS) is needed. Its schooling characteristics together with patterns in the rate of change of phase vs. TS plots are used to identify ensembles of orange roughy targets from in situ TS data collected from a wide range of fishing areas off eastern New Zealand. The results suggest a TS of −49.3 dB for an orange roughy of 35 cm standard length.
Fluctuations and forecasts in the fishery for queen scallops (Aequipecten opercularis) around the Isle of Man
Authors: Vause B. J. , Beukers-Stewart B. D. , Brand A. R. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Vause, B. J., Beukers-Stewart, B. D., and Brand, A. R. 2007. Fluctuations and forecasts in the fishery for queen scallops (Aequipecten opercularis) around the Isle of Man. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 1124–1135. The annual success of the queen scallop fishery around the Isle of Man in the northern Irish Sea is dependent on the strength of recruitment. We examined data from surveys and commercial logbooks on the annual density of spat, juvenile, and adult queen scallops in the fishery between 1982 and 2002. These were used to examine past population and fishery trends and the potential for formulating a predictive model for the fishery. The results were highly variable on both temporal and spatial scales, but there were some general trends. Density appeared to have been relatively stable during the 1980s, declined sharply from the early to mid-1990s, then recovered to produce relatively good catch rates thereafter. There was no relationship between spat settlement and the subsequent density of juveniles or adults in stock surveys or with commercial catch rates. However, within the stock surveys, there were three different significant relationships between cohort densities over time. Additionally, there was a significant relationship between the density of 1-year-olds caught on the surveys and commercial catch rates the following year. Monitoring juvenile queen scallop density would therefore allow prediction of recruitment and fisheries variations at least 1 year in advance, allowing perhaps for more effective management, including reducing the fluctuations in the fishery and helping to ensure long-term sustainability.
Gonad maturation in Octopus vulgaris during ongrowing, under different conditions of sex ratio
Authors: Estefanell Juan , Socorro Juan , Roo Francisco J. , Guirao Rafael , Fernández-Palacios Hipólito , Izquierdo Marisol 
Published: February 2017

AbstractEstefanell, J., Socorro, J., Roo, F. J., Fernández-Palacios, H., and Izquierdo, M. 2010. Gonad maturation in Octopus vulgaris during ongrowing, under different conditions of sex ratio. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1487–1493. Octopus vulgaris is a suitable candidate for aquaculture, but there are problems with breeding in captivity, such as aggressive behaviour among males and the frequent death of females after the eggs hatch. To avoid these problems and further understand the sexual maturation of common octopus in captivity, males and females were reared together and separately under similar culture conditions. In all trials, the initial rearing density was 10 kg m−3. Females (n = 15, sex ratio 0:1) and males (n = 11, sex ratio 1:0) were kept in circular tanks, and a mixed group (n = 209, sex ratio 4:1) in floating cages. Trials started in November 2008 and octopuses from each treatment were examined macroscopically and histologically in December and January to assess sexual maturation. All the males matured, regardless of the sex ratio during rearing, as did all females in the mixed group. In contrast, a large proportion of the females kept isolated from males was still immature in December and January. Although maturation was successful in floating cages, there was 76% mortality there, in contrast to the zero mortality in tanks. Moreover, most of the dead octopuses from the cages were in post-reproductive condition, with a low digestive gland index, suggesting that this was natural post-reproductive mortality. Therefore, sex segregation is deemed advantageous to avoiding early mortality.
Changes in cell wall architecture during cell elongation
Authors: McCann Maureen C. , Roberts Keith 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
A model of the plant cell wall of dicotyledons and non-graminaceous monocotyledons contains two principal structural polysaccharide networks: a stretch-resistant load-bearing cellulose/xyloglucan network, and a compression-resistant pectic polysaccharide network. Structural modifications to either polysaccharide network are likely to have profound consequences for cell wall properties, including tensile strength and extensibility.
We have described dynamic changes in the pattern of esterification of pectic polysaccharides that correlate with cell growth in both carrot and tobacco suspension cells. During elongation, cellulose microfibrils become oriented transversely with respect to the long axis of the cell. Other matrix polymers such as pectin and protein also acquire a net orientation, but in a tissue-specific manner. Preliminary results from Zinnia mesophyll cells suggest that some wall modifications such as the removal of fucose from xyloglucan may be developmentally regulated, but are not required for elongation per se. Our observations lead us to propose a tentative model for the molecular rearrangements that occur within these walls during cell elongation. Our use of methodologies which are suitable for analysis at the single cell wall level has demonstrated that the apoplastic continuum is a mosaic of different architectures, with major architectural differences between species, between tissues, and between domains within a single wall, and we discuss the implications of this heterogeneity for our model.
The Galactic chemical evolution of oxygen inferred from 3D non-LTE spectral-line-formation calculations
Authors: Amarsi A. M. , Asplund M. , Collet R. , Leenaarts J. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We revisit the Galactic chemical evolution of oxygen, addressing the systematic errors inherent in classical determinations of the oxygen abundance that arise from the use of one-dimensional (1D) hydrostatic model atmospheres and from the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). We perform detailed 3D non-LTE radiative-transfer calculations for atomic oxygen lines across a grid of 3D hydrodynamic stagger model atmospheres for dwarfs and subgiants. We apply our grid of predicted line strengths of the [O i] 630 nm and O i 777 nm lines using accurate stellar parameters from the literature. We infer a steep decay in [O/Fe] for [Fe/H] ≳ −1.0, a plateau [O/Fe] ≈ 0.5 down to [Fe/H] ≈ −2.5, and an increasing trend for [Fe/H] ≲ −2.5. Our 3D non-LTE calculations yield overall concordant results from the two oxygen abundance diagnostics.
Non-cosmological FRBs from young supernova remnant pulsars
Authors: Connor Liam , Sievers Jonathan , Pen Ue-Li 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We propose a new extra but non-cosmological explanation for fast radio bursts (FRBs) based on very young pulsars in supernova remnants. Within a few hundred years of a core-collapse supernova, the ejecta is confined within ∼1 pc, providing a high enough column density of free electrons for the observed 375–1600 pc cm−3 of dispersion measure (DM). By extrapolating a Crab-like pulsar to its infancy in an environment like that of SN 1987A, we hypothesize such an object could emit supergiant pulses sporadically which would be bright enough to be seen at a few hundred megaparsecs. We hypothesize that such supergiant pulses would preferentially occur early in the pulsar's life when the free electron density is still high, which is why we do not see large numbers of moderate DM FRBs (≲300 pc cm−3). In this scenario, Faraday rotation at the source gives rotation measures (RMs) much larger than the expected cosmological contribution. If the emission were pulsar-like, then the polarization vector could swing over the duration of the burst, which is not expected from non-rotating objects. In this model, the scattering, large DM, and commensurate RM all come from one place which is not the case for the cosmological interpretation. The model also provides testable predictions of the flux distribution and repeat rate of FRBs, and could be furthermore verified by spatial coincidence with optical supernovae of the past several decades and cross-correlation with nearby galaxy maps.
The Influence of TL Glow Curve Evaluation Algorithms on the Reproducibility of Dosemeter Readings
Authors: Drazic G. , Miklavzic U. , Mihelic M. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Using a microcomputer-controlled TL analyser, which permits automatic application of several different dose-evaluating programs on each measured glow curve, the influence of different evaluation algorithms on the reproducibility and sensitivity of dose determination was studied. Peak height as well as glow curve areas between different floating and fixed limits were used as dose evaluating quantities. Measurements were performed with CaF2:Mn sintered TL dosemeters from our own production and with LiF TLD-100 dosemeters from Harshaw. Experimental results were compared with distributions of theoretically calculated dose responses obtained by random variation of glow curve kinetic parameters. For both types of TLDs the floating integration limits set at certain fractions of the peak height showed the optimum reproducibility, while the peak height proved to be less influenced by fading.