bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the bleeding risk with various antithrombotic therapies after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Gotoda Tatsuhiro , Hori Keisuke , Iwamuro Masaya , Kono Yoshiyasu , Miura Kou , Kanzaki Hiromitsu , Kawano Seiji , Kawahara Yoshiro , Okada Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Patients receiving antithrombotic drugs have a higher risk of postoperative bleeding and thromboembolic events related to endoscopic procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between various antithrombotic therapies and bleeding after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) (post-ESD bleeding).
Patients and methods Among 529 consecutive gastric ESD procedures (483 patients with 579 legions), 100 patients with 121 lesions who underwent 108 procedures were on antithrombotic therapy (group A) and 382 patients with 458 lesions who underwent 421 procedures were not on antithrombotic therapy (group B). The ratio of post-ESD bleeding between the two groups and the bleeding risk related to various antithrombotic therapies were investigated.
Results Postoperative bleeding was more frequent in group A (11.1 %) than in group B (3.3 %). No thromboembolic events were reported in either group. Further investigation of antithrombotic therapies in group A demonstrated that various combinations of antithrombotic agents and heparin replacement were associated with a higher ratio of post-ESD bleeding. Multivariate analyses revealed that dual antiplatelet therapy (odds ratio [OR] 10.9, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 2.1 – 49.5; P = 0.005) and heparin replacement (OR 34.4, 95 %CI 9.4 – 133.2; P < 0.001) were associated with the increased risk of post-ESD bleeding. In patients on antiplatelet therapy, post-ESD bleeding tended to occur in the early postoperative period compared with patients on anticoagulant therapy.
Conclusions It is necessary to be cautious regarding post-ESD bleeding in patients requiring antithrombotic therapy, especially patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy and heparin replacement. A further prospective study with a large sample will be needed to confirm these findings.
Location of colorectal cancer: colonoscopy versus surgery. Yield of colonoscopy in predicting actual location
Authors: Blum-Guzman Juan , Wanderley de Melo Silvio 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Recent studies suggest that differences in biological characteristics and risk factors across cancer site within the colon and rectum may translate to differences in survival. It can be challenging at times to determine the precise anatomical location of a lesion with a luminal view during colonoscopy. The aim of this study is to determine if there is a significant difference between the location of colorectal cancers described by gastroenterologists in colonoscopies and the actual anatomical location noted on operative and pathology reports after colon surgery.
Patients and methods A single-center retrospective analysis of colonoscopies of patient with reported colonic masses from January 2005 to April 2014 (n = 380) was carried. Assessed data included demography, operative and pathology reports. Findings were compared: between the location of colorectal cancers described by gastroenterologists in colonoscopies and the actual anatomical location noted on operative reports or pathology samples.
Results We identified 380 colonic masses, 158 were confirmed adenocarcinomas. Of these 123 underwent surgical resection, 27 had to be excluded since no specific location was reported on their operative or pathology report. An absolute difference between endoscopic and surgical location was found in 32 cases (33 %). Of these, 22 (23 %) differed by 1 colonic segment, 8 (8 %) differed by 2 colonic segments and 2 (2 %) differed by 3 colonic segments.
Conclusion There is a significant difference between the location of colorectal cancers reported by gastroenterologists during endoscopy and the actual anatomical location noted on operative or pathology reports after colon surgery. Endoscopic tattooing should be used when faced with any luminal lesions of interest.
Endocardial Fibroelastosis of the Left Ventricle Affects Right Ventricular Performance in Fetuses with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome: A Prospective Study Using M-Mode, PW- and Tissue Doppler Techniques
Authors: Graupner Oliver , Enzensberger Christian , Wieg Larissa , Degenhardt Jan , Wolter Aline , Khalil Markus , Schranz Dietmar , Yerebakan Can , Doelle Astrid , Herrmann Johannes , Axt-Fliedner Roland 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Purpose Myocardial function (MF) of the systemic right ventricle (RV) influences the postnatal course of neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). Our study examines whether the presence of endocardial fibroelastosis of the left ventricle (LV EFE) influences MF of the RV in HLHS fetuses.
Materials and Methods A prospective study was conducted including 10 controls (group 1), 10 HLHS fetuses with (group 2) and 10 without LV EFE (group 3) – all matched for gestational age. M-mode was used to assess tricuspid plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and the shortening fraction (SF). PW-Doppler-derived and PW-TDI-derived velocities were assessed. E/A, E/e', e'/a' ratios and the myocardial performance index (mpi’) were calculated.
Results The examination of MF revealed significantly lower s’ velocities (p < 0.05) and higher values for SF in group 2 compared to group 3. e’/a’ ratio, et’ (ejection time), E wave velocity, E/e’ and SF showed significantly higher values in group 2 compared to group 1. In group 2 a’ velocity increased significantly over gestational age. In group 3 but not in group 2, TAPSE increased during gestation.
Conclusion These significant differences in MF between the groups might lend support to the notion of negative ventricular-ventricular interaction in the case of HLHS with LV EFE possibly influencing surgical outcomes.
High-definition-iSCAN virtual chromoendoscopy has high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: Gregory Eustace , Fort Gasia Miriam , Gui Xianyong , Ghosh Subrata , Iacucci Marietta 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims A major challenge in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is disease recognition during endoscopy as there are no pathognomonic findings. We aimed to determine the utility of high-definition (HD) iSCAN virtual chromoendoscopy (VC) in diagnosis of EoE.
Patients and methods One hundred eighty-nine consecutive patients presenting with dysphagia or food bolus impaction were assessed using HD-iSCAN VC (Pentax, Japan) with biopsies from distal, mid, upper esophagus and from furrows where visible.
Results Of 189 patients, 45 (23.8 %, male = 29, median age 40y) had a histological diagnosis of EoE; 73.3 % of the patients were newly diagnosed. iSCAN endoscopic features of EoE were linear furrows (91 %), edema (77.8 %), rings or tracheal appearance (73.3 %), whitish exudates (26.6 %) and narrowing or stricture (5 %). One patient (2.2 %) had all 5 endoscopic features. Ten patients (22.2 %) had linear furrows, edema,rings or tracheal appearance and whitish exudates on iSCAN, with a positive predictive value (PPV) 100 % (95 % CI 69.1 %-100 %) and negative predictive value (NPV) 80.4 % (95 % CI 73.9 %-86 %). Thirteen patients (29 %) presented with linear furrows, edema and rings or tracheal appearance on iSCAN, with a PPV 100 % (95 % CI 75.3 %-100 %) and NPV 81.8 % (95 % CI 75.3 %-87.2 %). Six patients (13.3 %) had furrows and edema and 6 patients (13.3 %) had furrows and rings or tracheal appearance on iSCAN, with a PPV 100 % (95 % CI 54.1 %-100 %) and NPV 78.69 % (95 % CI 72 %-84.4 %), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of HD-iSCAN endoscopy were 97.62 % (95 % CI 87.43 %-99.94 %) and 89.58 % (95 % CI 83.40 %-94.05 %). The accuracy of HD-iSCAN endoscopy was 92.47 % (95 % CI 87.67 %-95.56 %).
Conclusion HD-iSCAN endoscopy is sensitive and specific with good accuracy for EoE diagnosis. Linear furrows, edema and tracheal appearance were the most common findings and these 3 endoscopic features had a high predictive value for diagnosis of EoE.
Peroral endoscopic myotomy using FlushKnife BT: a single-center series
Authors: Tanaka Shinwa , Toyonaga Takashi , Kawara Fumiaki , Grimm Ian , Hoshi Namiko , Abe Hirofumi , Ohara Yoshiko , Morita Yoshinori , Umegaki Eiji , Azuma Takeshi 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is an evolving new treatment strategy for achalasia. Although several kinds of electrosurgical knives have been used in performing POEM, the best device has yet to be determined. The FlushKnife BT is a waterjet-emitting short needle-knife with a small ball tip (BT) that offers the potential to perform all aspects of POEM with a single device. In this study, we evaluated the safety and efficiency of the FlushKnife BT for POEM.
Patients and methods A total of 54 consecutive patients with achalasia and other spastic esophageal motility disorders, such as jackhammer esophagus or distal esophageal spasm, who underwent POEM between January 2016 and August 2016, were included in this retrospective study.
Results The median operation time was 73.0 minutes (range 39 – 184 minutes). All procedures were completed using only the FlushKnife BT without changing to any other electrosurgical instrument. The median number of additional submucosal injections with an injection needle was 0 (range 0 – 1). Endoscopic vessel sealing was performed a mean of 3 times (range 0 – 7). The median number of bleeding episodes requiring treatment with hemostatic forceps was 0 (range 0 – 5). There were no significant adverse events. Seven of 52 patients (13.5 %) reported symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease such as heartburn or acid reflux at 3 month follow-up.
Conclusions The FlushKnife BT enabled POEM to be performed with very few device exchanges, either for re-injection or to control intraoperative bleeding. In this uncontrolled case series, the ability of the FlushKnife BT to perform nearly all aspects of the POEM procedure seems to make it particularly well suited to this procedure.
Incidence of small bowel neoplasia in Lynch syndrome assessed by video capsule endoscopy
Authors: Haanstra Jasmijn , Al-Toma Abdul , Dekker Evelien , Vanhoutvin Steven , Nagengast Fokko , Mathus-Vliegen Elisabeth , van Leerdam Monique , de Vos tot Nederveen Cappel Wouter , Veenendaal Roeland , Cats Annemieke , Sanduleanu Silvia , Vasen Hans , Kleibeuker Jan , Koornstra Jan 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Lynch syndrome (LS) patients have an increased risk of small bowel cancer. The question is whether surveillance will lead to early detection of (pre)malignant lesions. We recently reported on prevalence of small bowel neoplasia (SBN) in LS patients as assessed by video capsule endoscopy (VCE). The aim of this prospective study was to determine the incidence of SBN.
Patients and methods Asymptomatic LS patients who underwent a VCE were invited to undergo a second VCE procedure 2 years later. If abnormalities or polypoid lesions larger than 1 cm were detected, subsequent endoscopic procedures were performed.
Results A total of 155 (78 %) of the initial 200 patients underwent a second VCE procedure after a mean of 2.2 (range 1 – 6) years. In 17 of the 155 (11 %) patients possibly significant lesions were detected, which required further investigation by means of gastroduodenoscopy (n = 8) or balloon-assisted endoscopy (n = 9). These procedures revealed no SBN.
Conclusion No SBN was found after 2 years. Surveillance of the small bowel by VCE does not seem to be warranted in asymptomatic LS patients. This study was registered in the Clinical Trials.gov registry with identifier NCT00898768.
Diagnostische Zuverlässigkeit der konfokalen Scanning-Laser-Ophthalmoskopie bei großen Papillen mit physiologischer Exkavation – eine Langzeitstudie
Authors: Koch Eva , Plange Niklas , Fuest Matthias , Schimitzek Hannah , Kuerten David 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungWir haben wiederholt 17 Probanden mit vermuteter bilateraler physiologischer Exkavation bei großen Papillen untersucht. Diese Probanden waren in einer initialen Messung pathologisch oder grenzwertig durch den Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT, Softwareversion 3.0) gewertet worden. Wir wollten die diagnostische Zuverlässigkeit der initialen Messung im Langzeitverlauf untersuchen und bestimmen, welche der Probanden wirklich nur eine physiologische Exkavation zeigten, bzw. die Progression zum Glaukom überwachen.
Probanden und Methoden 17 Probanden einer initialen Studie zum HRT konnten für diese Langzeituntersuchung rekrutiert werden. Alle Probanden zeigten eine vermutete physiologische Exkavation bei großen Papillen (Papillengröße > 2,3 mm2). In den regelmäßigen Untersuchungen wurden der intraokulare Druck mittels Goldmann-Applanationstonometrie (GAT) und die retinale Nervenfaserschichtdicke mittels optischer Kohärenztomografie (OCT) gemessen sowie Gesichtsfelduntersuchungen und wiederholte HRT-Messungen durchgeführt. Eine Veränderung der Papillenexkavation wurde mittels der im HRT enthaltenen Analyseverfahren (Stereometric Trend Analysis [STA] und Topographic Change Analysis [TCA]) untersucht.
Ergebnisse In der Moorfields Regression Analysis (MRA) waren alle 17 Probanden in einer initialen HRT-Messung als „pathologisch“ bzw. „grenzwertig“ klassifiziert worden. Über den Kontrollzeitraum von 9,2 ± 5 Jahren zeigte nur 1 Patient eine gesicherte Progression zu einem Normaldruckglaukom (NDG) mit glaukomatösen Gesichtsfelddefekten. Von den anderen 16 Probanden konnte eine signifikante Progression bei 1 Probanden übereinstimmend durch STA und TCA, bei 3 Probanden nur durch STA und bei 1 Probanden nur durch TCA nachgewiesen werden. Keiner dieser Probanden zeigt bis heute glaukomatöse Gesichtsfelddefekte.
Fazit Nach über 9 Jahren zeigte nur 1 der 17 Probanden, die initial als pathologisch klassifiziert worden waren, ein gesichertes Glaukom. Bei 5 weiteren Probanden zeigten die HRT-Messungen eine statistisch signifikante Progression, ohne dass Veränderungen des Gesichtsfelds gefunden werden konnten. Insgesamt scheint die diagnostische Zuverlässigkeit insbesondere bei Patienten mit großen Papillen und physiologischer Exkavation eingeschränkt zu sein.
“When Noah built the ark…”
Authors: Pihlaja Stephen 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This article investigates the use of biblical stories and text in the preaching of Joshua Feuerstein, a popular Facebook evangelist, and focuses on how biblical stories are used to position the viewer in comparison to biblical characters and texts. Taking a discourse dynamics approach (Cameron & Maslen, 2010), a corpus of 8 short videos (17 minutes 34 seconds) and their comments (2,295) taken from the Facebook are analysed first, for the presence of metaphorical language and stories taken from the Bible. Second, they are analysed for the role of metaphor in the narrative positioning (Bamberg, 1997) of the viewer, particularly as it relates to Gibbs’s notion of ‘allegorises’, or the ‘allegoric impulse’ (Gibbs, 2011). The corresponding text comments from the videos are then also analysed for the presence of the same biblical metaphor, focusing on how commenters interact with the metaphor and Feuerstein’s positioning of them. Findings show that biblical metaphorical language is used to position viewers and their struggles in the context of larger storylines that compare everyday experiences to biblical texts. This comparison can happen both in explicit narrative positioning of viewers with explicit reference to the Bible, and implicit positioning, through the use of unmarked biblical language. Analysis of viewer comments shows that use of metaphorical language is successful in building a sense of camaraderie and shared belief among the viewer and Feuerstein, as well as viewers with one another.
Proto-Quechua and Proto-Aymara agropastoral terms
Authors: Emlen Nicholas Q. , Adelaar Willem F. H. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This chapter presents reconstructed Proto-Quechua and Proto-Aymara lexical items related to cultivation and herding, and draws conclusions about language and subsistence in the ancient Andes. The patterns of lexical borrowing between the two lineages offer a novel empirical perspective on how early Quechuan and Aymaran speakers lived. When the many layers of borrowing are stripped away, it is clear that both were engaged in agropastoral economies before the languages first came into contact. Furthermore, the presence of terms from a wide range of ecological zones, from the high grasslands to (in the case of Quechua) the tropical lowlands, suggests that both languages cross-cut elevations in a manner consistent with the typically Andean system of ecological complementarity.
Subsistence terms in Unangam Tunuu (Aleut)
Authors: Berge Anna 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The Eskimo-Aleut are arctic and subarctic hunter-gatherers known for their geographic spread and successful adaptation to a harsh climate; they are one of the canonical examples of a people that spread without agriculture. One of the most prehistoric recent spreads in this language family occurred about 1000 years ago, with effects felt throughout coastal Alaska. One area of language contact and possible spread was in Southeast Alaska, between the Pacific Coast Yupik language Alutiiq and the Aleutian language Unangam Tunuu. In this paper, I look at the distribution of cognates and borrowings of subsistence terminology in Unangam Tunuu, and I show that Alutiiq must have spread into a previously Unangax̂ area as a result of warfare rather than subsistence activities.
Lexical recycling as a lens onto shared Japano-Koreanic agriculture
Authors: Francis-Ratte Alexander 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Despite the existence of strong cognates in other realms of basic vocabulary, it remains unclear why Korean and Japanese share so few words for grain and agriculture. This paper proposes that pre-rice vocabulary has undergone a process of lexical recycling in Korean to refer to later rice-related practices. The observation that Korean words for ‘rice’ contain initial p suggests common derivations from pre-MK *po ‘rice(?)’ that is relatable to Old Japanese po ‘a grain’. This paper uncovers important Japano-Koreanic cognates, including ‘buckwheat,’ ‘millet,’ and ‘rice plant’. This analysis also shows how linguists may retrieve early agricultural terminology that has been replaced by more advanced practices.
Expanding the methodology of lexical examination in the investigation of the intersection of early agriculture and language dispersal
Authors: Joseph Brian D. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Analysis of agricultural vocabulary remains one of the most compelling methodologies bearing on Renfrew’s Farming/Language Dispersal Hypothesis, by which the reconstructed lexicon for a proto-language of a well-dispersed language family is predicted to contain several agricultural items. Mostly, though, this methodology has involved noting the presence or absence of particular lexical items for a given proto-language and drawing inferences from that, or working out root derivations and drawing appropriate inferences. I propose here two new types of lexically based argument, by way of expanding the methodology of lexical examination and analysis, looking first at derivational processes involved in the creation of relevant words and the meaning that such processes add to the derivative, and then at religious rituals and mythology to examine the embedding of agricultural vocabulary into the religious practices and mythological tales associated with early Indo-European culture. Ultimately, then, I argue that it is not enough to just look at the meanings of particular words and to try to develop a sense of what they originally meant, nor is it enough to determine the source of the words (derivation, etymology). Rather, one also has to look at how the words were used, what is reconstructible about the use and form of the word, and what the cultural context was for the words. Only then can insights derived from lexical examination be used in developing a sense of prehistory.
Milk and the Indo-Europeans
Authors: Garnier Romain , Sagart Laurent , Sagot Benoît 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Recent evidence from archaeology and ancient DNA converge to indicate that the Yamnaya culture, often regarded as the bearer of the Proto-Indo-European language, underwent a strong population expansion in the late 4th and early 3rd millennia BCE. It suggests that the underlying reason for that expansion might be the then unique capacity to digest animal milk in adulthood. We examine the early Indo-European milk-related vocabulary to confirm the special role of animal milk in Indo-European expansions. We show that Proto-Indo-European did not have a specialized root for ‘to milk’ and argue that the IE root *h2melg̑- ‘to milk’ is secondary and post-Anatolian. We take this innovation as an indication of the novelty of animal milking in early Indo-European society. Together with a detailed study of language-specific innovations in this semantic field, we conclude that the ability to digest milk played an important role in boosting Proto-Indo-European demography.
gVolante for standardizing completeness assessment of genome and transcriptome assemblies
Authors: Nishimura Osamu , Hara Yuichiro , Kuraku Shigehiro 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Along with the increasing accessibility to comprehensive sequence information, such as whole genomes and transcriptomes, the demand for assessing their quality has been multiplied. To this end, metrics based on sequence lengths, such as N50, have become a standard, but they only evaluate one aspect of assembly quality. Conversely, analyzing the coverage of pre-selected reference protein-coding genes provides essential content-based quality assessment, but the currently available pipelines for this purpose, CEGMA and BUSCO, do not have a user-friendly interface to serve as a uniform environment for assembly completeness assessment.

Results
Here, we introduce a brand-new web server, gVolante, which provides an online tool for (i) on-demand completeness assessment of sequence sets by means of the previously developed pipelines CEGMA and BUSCO and (ii) browsing pre-computed completeness scores for publicly available data in its database section. Completeness assessments performed on gVolante report scores based on not just the coverage of reference genes but also on sequence lengths (e.g. N50 scaffold length), allowing quality control in multiple aspects. Using gVolante, one can compare the quality of original assemblies between their multiple versions (obtained through program choice and parameter tweaking, for example) and evaluate them in comparison to the scores of public resources found in the database section.

Availability and implementation
gVoalte is freely available at https://gvolante.riken.jp/.
Boundary Convex Cocompactness and Stability of Subgroups of Finitely Generated Groups
Authors: Cordes Matthew , Durham Matthew Gentry 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
A Kleinian group $\Gamma &lt; \mathrm{Isom}(\mathbb H^3)$ is called convex cocompact if any orbit of $\Gamma$ in $\mathbb H^3$ is quasiconvex or, equivalently, $\Gamma$ acts cocompactly on the convex hull of its limit set in $\partial \mathbb H^3$. Subgroup stability is a strong quasiconvexity condition in finitely generated groups which is intrinsic to the geometry of the ambient group and generalizes the classical quasiconvexity condition above. Importantly, it coincides with quasiconvexity in hyperbolic groups and convex cocompactness in mapping class groups. Using the Morse boundary, we develop an equivalent characterization of subgroup stability which generalizes the above boundary characterization from Kleinian groups.