bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-stakeholder identification and prioritization of human–tiger conflict reduction measures in Chitwan National Park, Nepal
Authors: Dhungana Rajendra , Maraseni Tek , Allen Benjamin L. , Kandel Ram Chandra , Koirala Pashupati Nath , Pant Ganesh , Ranabhat Rishi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe identification and implementation of conflict reduction measures are necessary to reduce predator attacks on people and livestock and to minimize human encroachment into predator habitats. We identified potential human–tiger conflict reduction measures and prioritized these measures for Chitwan National Park, Nepal. We identified these measures through a literature review, key informant interviews and a local stakeholder workshop. We prioritized the identified measures using a questionnaire survey of victims of tiger attacks (farmers, forest users and fishers), beneficiaries of tiger conservation (tourist guides, Jeep and elephant safari operators, tour and hotel operators and business operators) and National Park managers. We identified 22 measures (12 preventative, five reactive and five mitigative) as having potential for reducing negative interactions between people and tigers. Amongst these, we identified compensation payments, tiger-proof fences and habitat and prey management as high-priority measures. Conflict reduction priorities also varied amongst stakeholder groups. The victims assigned the highest priority to the construction of tiger-proof fences, whereas beneficiaries identified the management of habitat and prey as their highest priority. Compensation payments were the first preference of National Park managers and were amongst the top two priorities of all stakeholder groups. We recommend the adoption of the identified stakeholder priorities for reducing human–tiger conflict around Chitwan National Park and encourage consideration of the variations in priorities between stakeholder groups during policy development and decision-making.
The course of children's mental health symptoms during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Park Joanne L. , McArthur Brae Anne , Plamondon André , Hewitt Jackson M.A. , Racine Nicole , McDonald Sheila , Tough Suzanne , Madigan Sheri 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic is associated with increases in child mental health problems, but the persistence of these changes in the post-pandemic era remains uncertain. Additionally, it is unclear whether changes in mental health problems during the pandemic exceed the anticipated increases as children age. This study controls for the linear effect of age in 1399 children, investigating the course of child-reported anxiety, depression, hyperactivity, and inattention symptoms during and after the pandemic, and identifies risk and protective factors that predict these mental health trajectories.MethodsChildren (51% male; ages 9–11 at the first timepoint) provided mental health ratings at three pandemic timepoints (July–August 2020; March–April 2021; November 2021–January 2022) and one post-pandemic timepoint (January–July 2023). Mothers reported pre-pandemic mental health (2017–2019) and socio-demographic factors. Children reported socio-demographic factors, risk (e.g. screen time, sleep), and resilience (e.g. optimism) factors during the first timepoint.ResultsAverage mental health symptoms increased over time, with more children exceeding clinical cut-offs for poor mental health at each subsequent pandemic timepoint. Growth curve modeling, adjusting for age-related effects, revealed a curvilinear course of mental health symptoms across all domains. Examination of risk and protective factors revealed that pre-existing mental health symptoms and optimism were associated with the course of symptoms.ConclusionsAfter considering age effects, children's mental health follows a curvilinear pattern over time, suggesting an initial decline followed by a rising trend in symptoms post-COVID. These findings underscore the continued need for additional resources and timely, evidence-based mental health prevention and intervention for children.
Australian Youth Self-Harm Atlas: spatial modelling and mapping of self-harm prevalence and related risk and protective factors to inform youth suicide prevention strategies
Authors: Hielscher E. , Hay K. , Chang I. , McGrath M. , Poulton K. , Giebels E. , Blake J. , Batterham P. J. , Scott J. G. , Lawrence D. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
Suicide prevention strategies have shifted in many countries, from a national approach to one that is regionally tailored and responsive to local community needs. Previous Australian studies support this approach. However, most studies have focused on suicide deaths which may not fully capture a complete understanding of prevention needs, and few have focused on the priority population of youth. This was the first nationwide study to examine regional variability of self-harm prevalence and related factors in Australian young people.

Methods
A random sample of Australian adolescents (12–17-year-olds) were recruited as part of the Young Minds Matter (YMM) survey. Participants completed self-report questions on self-harm (i.e., non-suicidal self-harm and suicide attempts) in the previous 12 months. Using mixed effects regressions, an area-level model was built with YMM and Census data to produce out-of-sample small area predictions for self-harm prevalence. Spatial unit of analysis was Statistical Area Level 1 (average population 400 people), and all prevalence estimates were updated to 2019.

Results
Across Australia, there was large variability in youth self-harm prevalence estimates. Northern Territory, Western Australia, and South Australia had the highest estimated state prevalence. Psychological distress and depression were factors which best predicted self-harm at an individual level. At an area-level, the strongest predictor was a high percentage of single unemployed parents, while being in an area where ≥30% of parents were born overseas was associated with reduced odds of self-harm.

Conclusions
This study identified characteristics of regions with lower and higher youth self-harm risk. These findings should assist governments and communities with developing and implementing regionally appropriate youth suicide prevention interventions and initiatives.
Estimating Uncertainty in Simulated ENSO Statistics
Authors: Planton Yann Y. , Lee Jiwoo , Wittenberg Andrew T. , Gleckler Peter J. , Guilyardi Éric , McGregor Shayne , McPhaden Michael J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLarge ensembles of model simulations are frequently used to reduce the impact of internal variability when evaluating climate models and assessing climate change induced trends. However, the optimal number of ensemble members required to distinguish model biases and climate change signals from internal variability varies across models and metrics. Here we analyze the mean, variance and skewness of precipitation and sea surface temperature in the eastern equatorial Pacific region often used to describe the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), obtained from large ensembles of Coupled model intercomparison project phase 6 climate simulations. Leveraging established statistical theory, we develop and assess equations to estimate, a priori, the ensemble size or simulation length required to limit sampling‐based uncertainties in ENSO statistics to within a desired tolerance. Our results confirm that the uncertainty of these statistics decreases with the square root of the time series length and/or ensemble size. Moreover, we demonstrate that uncertainties of these statistics are generally comparable when computed using either pre‐industrial control or historical runs. This suggests that pre‐industrial runs can sometimes be used to estimate the expected uncertainty of statistics computed from an existing historical member or ensemble, and the number of simulation years (run duration and/or ensemble size) required to adequately characterize the statistic. This advance allows us to use existing simulations (e.g., control runs that are performed during model development) to design ensembles that can sufficiently limit diagnostic uncertainties arising from simulated internal variability. These results may well be applicable to variables and regions beyond ENSO.
Recycled Oceanic Crust in the Source of the Intraplate Changbaishan‐Tianchi Volcano, China/North Korea
Authors: Liu Yujie , Zhang Chao , Xu Hang , Chen Li‐Hui , Pan Bo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractContinental intraplate volcano is an ideal probe to unravel the composition and structure of the deep Earth. The intraplate Changbaishan‐Tianchi volcano was one of the most hazardous eruptions on the Earth's planet. The long‐term activity of this volcano from the Pleistocene to 946 CE has erupted materials with a broad compositional range from basalt to rhyolite, which are expected to be associated with the continuous northeastward subduction of the Pacific plate, but the magma source remains controversial. In this paper, we present a comprehensive data set of in situ zircon Hf and O isotope data, combined with whole‐rock element and Sr‐Nd‐Pb isotope compositions, for selected eruptions of the Changbaishan‐Tianchi volcano, aiming to provide new insights into their magma source and the associated geodynamics. Radiogenic isotopic ratios and incompatible trace element compositions indicate that the erupted volcanic rocks at different stages, although with a varied differentiation degree, were derived from a common magma source characterized by a mixture of DM and EM1 end‐members. Zircon Hf and O isotopes are both relatively homogeneous for different lithologies and eruption stages, with the εHf(t) values varying between −5 and +5, and δ18O values between 3.58‰ and 5.97‰. Modeling of source mixing indicates that high‐temperature altered oceanic crust materials are an important component in the source of Changbaishan‐Tianchi volcano, likely derived from an ancient stagnant slab that has been reactivated by the subduction of the Pacific plate. This study demonstrates that the recycling of deeply subducted oceanic crust is potentially an important source and trigger for continental intraplate volcanism.
NSD2 is a requisite subunit of the AR/FOXA1 neo-enhanceosome in promoting prostate tumorigenesis
Authors: Parolia Abhijit , Eyunni Sanjana , Verma Brijesh Kumar , Young Eleanor , Liu Yihan , Liu Lianchao , George James , Aras Shweta , Das Chandan Kanta , Mannan Rahul , ur Rasool Reyaz , Mitchell-Velasquez Erick , Mahapatra Somnath , Luo Jie , Carson Sandra E. , Xiao Lanbo , Gajjala Prathibha R. , Venkatesh Sharan , Jaber Mustapha , Wang Xiaoju , He Tongchen , Qiao Yuanyuan , Pang Matthew , Zhang Yuping , Tien Jean Ching-Yi , Louw Micheala , Alhusayan Mohammed , Cao Xuhong , Su Fengyun , Tavana Omid , Hou Caiyun , Wang Zhen , Ding Ke , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Asangani Irfan A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAndrogen receptor (AR) is a ligand-responsive transcription factor that drives terminal differentiation of the prostatic luminal epithelia. By contrast, in tumors originating from these cells, AR chromatin occupancy is extensively reprogrammed to activate malignant phenotypes, the molecular mechanisms of which remain unknown. Here, we show that tumor-specific AR enhancers are critically reliant on H3K36 dimethyltransferase activity of NSD2. NSD2 expression is abnormally induced in prostate cancer, where its inactivation impairs AR transactivation potential by disrupting over 65% of its cistrome. NSD2-dependent AR sites distinctively harbor the chimeric FOXA1:AR half-motif, which exclusively comprise tumor-specific AR enhancer circuitries defined from patient specimens. NSD2 inactivation also engenders increased dependency on the NSD1 paralog, and a dual NSD1/2 PROTAC degrader is preferentially cytotoxic in AR-dependent prostate cancer models. Altogether, we characterize NSD2 as an essential AR neo-enhanceosome subunit that enables its oncogenic activity, and position NSD1/2 as viable co-targets in advanced prostate cancer.
Development of cellulose acetate poly acrylonitrile (CAPA)–SiC/epoxy coating to mitigate corrosion of copper in chloride containing solutions
Authors: Bargout Nehal , Kashyout Abd El-Hady B. , Ibrahim Magdy A. M. , El Nemr Ahmed 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA new conducting polymer of the cellulose acetate poly acrylonitrile (CAPA)–SiC composite was produced using an in situ oxidative polymerization technique in an aqueous medium. SiC was synthesized from Cinachyrella sp. as a source of carbon and silicon at 1200 °C under an argon atmosphere via a catalytic reduction process. The structure and morphology of the CAPA–SiC composite were characterized using surface area studies (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and surface morphology (SEM & TEM). To protect copper, the produced CAPA–SiC composite was mixed with commercial epoxy paint using a casting technique, and the copper surface was coated with the three components of the CAPA–SiC/epoxy paint mixture. The corrosion inhibition improvement of the CAPA–SiC/paint coating was assessed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy followed by Tafel polarization measurements in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. The corrosion protection ability of the CAPA–SiC/epoxy coating was found to be outstanding at 97.4% when compared to that of a CAPA/paint coating. SEM and XRD were used to illustrate the coating on the copper surface.
The role of audiovisual congruence in aesthetic appreciation of contemporary music and visual art
Authors: Fink Lauren , Fiehn Hannah , Wald-Fuhrmann Melanie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDoes congruence between auditory and visual modalities affect aesthetic experience? While cross-modal correspondences between vision and hearing are well-documented, previous studies show conflicting results regarding whether audiovisual correspondence affects subjective aesthetic experience. Here, in collaboration with the Kentler International Drawing Space (NYC, USA), we depart from previous research by using music specifically composed to pair with visual art in the professionally-curated Music as Image and Metaphor exhibition. Our pre-registered online experiment consisted of 4 conditions: Audio, Visual, Audio-Visual-Intended (artist-intended pairing of art/music), and Audio-Visual-Random (random shuffling). Participants (N = 201) were presented with 16 pieces and could click to proceed to the next piece whenever they liked. We used time spent as an implicit index of aesthetic interest. Additionally, after each piece, participants were asked about their subjective experience (e.g., feeling moved). We found that participants spent significantly more time with Audio, followed by Audiovisual, followed by Visual pieces; however, they felt most moved in the Audiovisual (bi-modal) conditions. Ratings of audiovisual correspondence were significantly higher for the Audiovisual-Intended compared to Audiovisual-Random condition; interestingly, though, there were no significant differences between intended and random conditions on any other subjective rating scale, or for time spent. Collectively, these results call into question the relationship between cross-modal correspondence and aesthetic appreciation. Additionally, the results complicate the use of time spent as an implicit measure of aesthetic experience.
Highly resolved taphonomic variations within the Early Ordovician Fezouata Biota
Authors: Saleh Farid , Antcliffe Jonathan B. , Birolini Enzo , Candela Yves , Corthésy Nora , Daley Allison C. , Dupichaud Christophe , Gibert Corentin , Guenser Pauline , Laibl Lukáš , Lefebvre Bertrand , Michel Soline , Potin Gaëtan J.-M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Fezouata Biota (Morocco) is a Burgess Shale-type (BST) assemblage that provides a wealth of information on Early Ordovician ecosystems. Much work has been done to compare the preservation of the Fezouata Biota to other BSTs. However, studies investigating preservation variations within the Fezouata Biota are rare. Here, we use probabilities to investigate the preservation of various ecological categories of Fezouata eumetazoans. Complex taphonomic processes and phylum-specific constraints have led to the better preservation of predators/scavengers in this biota. However, no differences in preservation are observed between vagile and sessile taxa. Importantly, Tremadocian taxa are better preserved than Floian ones. As such, this study highlights the gradual closure of the BST window of preservation in the Zagora region of Morocco and constitutes a benchmark for future palaeoecological and evolutionary studies on the Fezouata Biota.
A lunar core dynamo limited to the Moon’s first ~140 million years
Authors: Zhou Tinghong , Tarduno John A. , Cottrell Rory D. , Neal Clive R. , Nimmo Francis , Blackman Eric G. , Ibañez-Mejia Mauricio 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSingle crystal paleointensity (SCP) reveals that the Moon lacked a long-lived core dynamo, though mysteries remain. An episodic dynamo, seemingly recorded by some Apollo basalts, is temporally and energetically problematic. We evaluate this enigma through study of ~3.7 billion-year-old (Ga) Apollo basalts 70035 and 75035. Whole rock analyses show unrealistically high nominal magnetizations, whereas SCP indicate null fields, illustrating that the former do not record an episodic dynamo. However, deep crustal magnetic anomalies might record an early lunar dynamo. SCP studies of 3.97 Ga Apollo breccia 61016 and 4.36 Ga ferroan anorthosite 60025 also yield null values, constraining any core dynamo to the Moon’s first 140 million years. These findings suggest that traces of Earth’s Hadean atmosphere, transferred to the Moon lacking a magnetosphere, could be trapped in the buried lunar regolith, presenting an exceptional target for future exploration.
Robust immune response to COVID-19 vaccination in the island population of Greenland
Authors: Møller Mie , Friis-Hansen Lennart , Kirkby Nikolai , Dilling-Hansen Christine , Andersson Mikael , Vedsted Peter , Mølbak Kåre , Koch Anders 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
In Greenland, the COVID-19 pandemic was characterised by a late onset of community transmission and a low impact on the healthcare system, hypothesised as being partly due to a high uptake of vaccinations. To underpin this description, we aimed to assess the SARS-CoV-2 immune response post-vaccination in a Greenlandic population.

Methods
In this observational cohort study, we included 430 adults in Greenland who had received a complete two-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination at enrolment. The total plasma SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Ig antibodies (S-Ab) induced by either the BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccine, was measured up to 11 months after the second vaccine dose. In addition, total salivary S-Abs were examined in 107 participants, and the T-cell response to the spike glycoprotein was assessed in 78 participants out of the entire study cohort.

Results
Here we demonstrate that two months after the second vaccine dose, 96% of participants have protective plasma S-Ab levels. By 11 months, 98% have protective levels, with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection particularly enhancing S-Ab levels by 37% (95% CI 25–51%). Among individuals aged 60 years and older, we observe a 21% (95% CI 7–33%) reduction in antibody response. Total salivary S-Ab levels are detectable in all participants and significantly correlate with plasma levels. Moreover, all participants exhibit a robust SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell response 11 months post-primary vaccination.

Conclusions
Our findings show that Greenlanders exhibit a robust and lasting immune response, both humoral and cellular, comparable to other population groups up to at least 11 months after the second vaccine dose. These results corroborate the hypothesis that vaccines contributed to the mild impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Greenlandic population.
Reversible modulation of critical electric fields for a field-induced ferroelectric effect with field-cycling in ZrO2 thin films
Authors: Shin Jonghoon , Shin Dong Hoon , Do Kim Kyung , Seo Haengha , Ye Kun Hee , Jeon Jeong Woo , Kim Tae Kyun , Paik Heewon , Song Haewon , Lee Suk Hyun , Choi Jung-Hae , Hwang Cheol Seong 
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the effects of field-cycling on the critical electric fields of the field-induced ferroelectric effect in atomic layer deposited ZrO2 thin films, focusing on their reversibility and temperature dependence.
Dual‐user joint sensing and communications with time‐divisioned bi‐static radar
Authors: Wang Enhao , Chen Yunfei , Ikhlef Aissa , Sun Hongjian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractJoint sensing and communications systems have gained significant research interest by merging sensing capabilities with communication functionalities. However, few works have examined the case of multiple users. This work investigates a dual‐user joint sensing and communications system, focusing on the interference between the users that explores the optimal performance trade‐offs through a time‐division approach. Bi‐static radar setting is considered. Two typical strategies under this approach are studied: one in which both users follow the same order of communications and then sensing, and the other in which the tasks are performed in opposite order at two users. In each strategy, the sum rate and the detection probability are evaluated and optimized. The results show that the opposite order strategy offers superior performance to the same order strategy, and they also quantify their performance difference. This research highlights the potential benefits of time‐division strategies and multiple users in joint sensing and communications systems.
Minimal‐cost route planning via Fibonacci‐heap‐typed data structure
Authors: Zhan Wangjia , Qiu Haohao , Min Bo , Lin Lin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEfficient route planning in transportation networks, particularly under stochastic conditions like severe weather (i.e. snow or hail), poses a significant computational challenge. This article addresses this challenge by modeling the route planning problem as a Markov decision process (MDP) problem, establishing reachability criteria, and identifying the minimum‐weight arborescence in the directed graph. To achieve this, the reachability determination algorithm is designed to assess the courier company's reachability to all junctions based on the queue‐typed data structure and breadth‐first search idea. Subsequently, the minimal‐cost route planning algorithm is developed to find a feasible transport route with the minimal cost of clearing obstacles by resorting to the Edmonds' algorithm and some feasible data structures. In particular, the article introduces a Fibonacci‐heap‐typed data structure to the minimal‐cost route planning algorithm, resulting in a remarkable reduction of the time complexity from to , where and represent the cardinalities of the arc set and nodeset, respectively. Ultimately, the proposed method is applied to optimize route planning in a transportation network, providing a cost‐efficient solution for logistics and transportation planning.