bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overcoming Data Scarcity in Transit Planning: A Novel Framework Combining Machine Learning and Metaheuristics
Authors: Mittal Shagun , Ukkusuri Satish 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Public transit systems in developing regions often face challenges due to rapid urbanization, limited resources, and a lack of comprehensive transit data, hindering effective strategic planning. This study proposes a framework for leveraging emerging data sources to guide transit network planning in data-limited environments. Using Greater-Maputo, Mozambique as a case study, we demonstrate how mobile phone location data, OpenStreetMap, and land use information can be utilized to extract key transit network components, including transit-viable road segments, high-demand stop locations, and efficient routes. We employ a modified semi-supervised self-training algorithm for transit viability prediction, density-based clustering for stop location extraction, and multi-objective metaheuristics for route extraction. The results show strong alignment with the operational GTFS data, capturing spatial patterns of transit suitability, identifying critical transit locations, redundancies, and underserved areas, and generating more direct and demand-aligned routes. The compiled extracted results in the form of GTFS data show a 17\% potential improvement in accessibility compared to the operational GTFS data. The proposed approach offers a potent and transferable methodology for data-driven transit planning, supporting the development of efficient, equitable, and sustainable transit systems in various contexts. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on evidence-based transit planning in data-scarce environments and lays the foundation for future research and policy interventions aimed at optimizing transit networks, enhancing accessibility, and promoting sustainable urban development in developing regions.
Characterize of Drought Events via the Decile, SPI and RDI in Southeast Ethiopia
Authors: Kemal Kedir , Mekonnen Zenebe , Molla Moges , Shimelis Abebaw 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Drought characterization can be used to devise an effective early warning system as a key component in the development of drought preparedness plans that manage drought impacts. The aim of this study was to characterize the drought events, particularly those involving long-term of meteorological and agricultural events, which are the predominant types affecting communities. Conventionally, regional drought analysis is performed on the basis of drought indices for the identification of drought intensity, frequency, duration and areal extent across southeast Ethiopia. The indices used for the study were the Precipitation Deciles (PD), Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI) for the period of 1987–2018. The spatial extent of drought in the study area was interpolated via the inverse distance weighted method via the spatial analyst tool of ArcGIS. Most of the studied stations experienced drought events in 1991/1992, 1998/1999, 2001/2002, 2010/2011 and 2011/2012. The results indicate that 2010/2011 was a year of exceptionally widespread drought. To this end, having information on the intensity, frequency, duration and areal extent of drought needed in water conservation policies can help bridge the gap between water availability, supply, and demand in drought-affected areas.
Structural rationale for twinning in galena, and a possible relation with the lillianite homologous series – Revision 1
Authors: Nespolo Massimo , Diallo Mahamadou 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Two reflection twins are known in the literature for galena: on {111} (spinel twin), frequent, and on {114}, rare and lamellar. The galena structure is highly pseudo-symmetric with respect to a reflection about {111}: at the composition plane, the lead and sulfur coordination change from octahedral to trigonal prismatic, without modification of the bond distances but with a shrinkage of the non-bonding Pb-Pb and S-S distances. The coordination around the composition plane of the {114} twin is instead broken, with too short non-bonding Pb-Pb and S-S distances and empty regions which justify the rarity of this twin. The composition plane is however highly reminiscent of the interface between galena modules in the lillianite homologous series, although the cell-twin operation active in that case is a reflection on a different plane, {113}. In lillianite and related structures of the PbS-Bi2S3 phase diagram, coalescence of Pb sites corresponding to too short non-bonding distances allows for partial heterovalent Pb2+-Bi3+ substitution. Given the similarity of the composition plane of the {114} twin, structural adjustments, possibly with a role played by impurities, may explain the formation of this twin, whose lamellar nature is also reminiscent of the polysynthetic cell-twinning in the lillianite homologous series. Because the {114} twin was only reported in old morphological investigations and never confirmed by diffraction studies, the hypothesis that this rare twin may actually correspond to {113}, i.e. the macroscopic counterpart of the well-known homologous series obtained by cell-twinning on the same plane, cannot be ruled out. The relative orientation of the twinned crystals of the two twins is however too different to support this hypothesis.
Optimization of the effective volume of urban sewage pumping station based on the fuzzy optimization method
Authors: Chen Jiawei , Liu Jiachun , Huang Biao , Zhu David Z. , Jin Cheng , Zhang Haibo 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

To improve the operational economy of sewage pumping stations, this paper combines the total volume of the drainage network and sewage pumping station to optimize the effective volume of the pumping station reservoir to reduce operating costs without overflow. Taking a residential area in Ningbo city as the study area, the drainage system was simulated based on Infoworks ICM to obtain the changes of sewage under different volumes of pumping station reservoirs. By combining the daily electricity costs of the pump station, pump start-stop times, and flood depth, the fuzzy optimization method was applied to optimize the effective volume of sewage pumping station reservoirs, selecting the optimal solution to reduce operating costs. A sensitivity analysis of the three factors, pump flow rate, the total population, and drainage network volume, was conducted, and the results showed that under the optimal scenario, the optimal effective volume of the pumping station reservoir increases with the increase in pump flow rate, drainage network volume, and total population. This study can provide theoretical support for the optimization of drainage pumping station reservoir volume as well as economical operation.
Association between Higher Expression of Vav1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Unfavourable Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis
Authors: Ye Weikang , Wang Jin , Zheng Jie , Jiang Ming , Zhou Yinong , Wu Zhixiang 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
The aim was to investigate the potential relationship between Vav1 protein
and prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods:
Samples were collected from 96 patients with HCC. For each patient, cancerous tissue
and adjacent non-cancerous tissue were obtained. The Vav1 expression levels in these tissues
were determined using immunohistochemistry. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to
analyse the associations between Vav1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics. Kaplan–
Meier analysis was used to assess the relationship between Vav1 expression and 5-year overall
survival (OS).

Results:
The expression level of Vav1 protein in primary tumour samples (64.46%; 59/96) was
higher (33.33%; 32/96; P<0.001). Moreover, the high expression rate of Vav1 was correlated with
tumour differentiation, TNM stage, and tumour recurrence (P<0.05). Univariate and multivariate
Cox analysis further demonstrated that tumour differentiation, TNM stage, vascular invasion, tumour
recurrence and Vav1 expression were independent prognostic factors for 5-year OS. Notably,
follow-up analysis determined that patients with HCC with higher Vav1 expression levels have
lower survival rates (P<0.05).

Conclusion:
Vav1 may serve as a promising molecular prognostic biomarker for patients diagnosed
with HCC.
Effect of Colchicine for Prevention of Recurrent Stroke in Ischemic Stroke Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Randomized Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Trial
Authors: Molaeimanesh Zahra , Kashipazha Davood , Shalilahmadi Davood , Shamsaei Gholamreza , Mohammadi Shooka 
Published: September 2024

Background:
It has been proposed that colchicine may have the potential to prevent cardiovascular
and cerebrovascular dysfunctions.

Objective:
This study evaluated the impact of colchicine on preventing recurrent stroke in patients
with both ischemic stroke (IS) and atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods:
A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was conducted at Golestan Hospital
(Ahvaz, Iran) over one year, involving IS patients with AF. Demographic and clinical data
were collected from the participants, who were then assigned to either the intervention or placebo
groups. The experimental group was administered colchicine at a dosage of 0.05 mg twice daily
for one year, while the control group received a placebo at a comparable dosage over the same
timeframe.

Results:
In one year, 108 patients completed the study. There were 55 patients in the intervention
group and 53 patients in the placebo group. During the second trimester of the trial, three patients
in the colchicine group and 10 patients in the placebo group experienced recurrent strokes. Gastrointestinal
issues were the most commonly reported complications (33 cases) among the two
groups, followed by myalgia (8 patients). There were significant differences in the frequency of recurrent
stroke and serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) between the colchicine and placebo
groups (p < 0.05) after intervention.

Conclusion:
In this study, colchicine was effective in reducing recurrent stroke and CRP levels in
IS patients with AF compared to the control group. Further randomized controlled trials with larger
sample sizes and extended durations are recommended to validate the results of this trial.
Synthesis of New Chromen-5-one Derivatives from Dimedone and their Antiproliferative Evaluations against Selected Cancer Cell Lines Together with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cervical Carcinoma
Authors: Mohareb Rafat Milad , Abdelaziz Mahmoud A. , Jame Rasha , Omer Noha , Labib Hanan Maged 
Published: September 2024

Background:
The coumarin nuclei, which exist in many heterocyclic compounds, has gained a lot of
attention over the past decade due to their wide range of biological activities such as antibacterial, anticoagulant,
antiviral, antifungal, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Objective:
The multi-component reactions of 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione with acetophenone derivatives
and triethoxymethane produced biologically active target chromene molecules and their fused derivatives.

Methods:
The reaction of 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione and each of triethoxymethane and acetophenone
derivatives 3a-g in absolute ethanol containing triethylamine gave the 4,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5H-chromen-5-one
derivatives 4a-g. Compounds 4a-d were used for further heterocyclization reactions to produce biologically active
fused pyrazole, thiophene, and thiazole derivative corporate with the chromenes caffold.

Results:
The cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds were evaluated using six cancer cell lines together with
c-Met kinase and PC-3 cell line inhibitions. In addition, cytotoxicity toward hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 and
cervical carcinoma HeLa was carried out as well as the in-vitro cytotoxic potential for all compounds against
peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) extracted from healthy donors. Morphological changes of the A549 cell line
by the two most active compounds were also studied.

Conclusion:
The synthesized heterocyclic compounds were originally obtained from 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-
1,3-dione. Several of the produced compounds exhibited high inhibitions toward several cancer cell lines proving
high inhibitions, therefore, encouraging further studies to synthesize heterocyclic compounds based on chromene
scaffold.
Chilaiditi Syndrome: An Incidental Finding on a Chest Radiograph in a Long-Term Ventilated Patient
Authors: Abdelgalil Mohamed , Abbas Mustafa , Radwan Radwan Mohamed , Tekle Natnael Fekadu 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Chilaiditi syndrome is a situation with a structural impingement of the colon on the liver, leading to an elevated hemidiaphragm in the X-ray along with a gas-like ap-pearance in the right hemithorax. It is generally a benign disease that is managed conservatively upon diagnosis. Rarely, it can be a cause of intestinal obstruction. Chilaiditi syndrome was origi-nally named after Demetrius Chilaiditi, the Greek radiologist who first described the case in 1910 while working in Vienna.

Case Presentation:
Here, we have described the case of a 76-year-old male who was admitted to
our long-term care facility for chronic respiratory failure, and he was connected to mechanical
ventilation via tracheostomy. He was having occasional bouts of constipation, and was on regular
laxatives. In a CT chest film done because of very thick respiratory secretions and desaturation,
an incidental finding of Chilaiditi syndrome was noted.

:
The patient has been managed conservatively with laxatives and per-need enemas.

:
Chilaiditi syndrome is a rare condition in which the colon interposes between the liver, right hemidiaphragm,
and the abdominal wall, causing occasional clinical symptoms. Conversely, radiographic
findings without clinical symptoms are known to exhibit the Chilaiditi sign. The disease's
prevalence is estimated to be somewhere between 0.025 and 0.28%.

Conclusion:
Chilaiditi syndrome is a syndrome that refers to the interposition of the colon upon
the hepatic flexure. It is a very rare but a serious cause of constipation, resulting in severe symptoms
to the extent that they may warrant surgical intervention.
Central Bank Digital Currency Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Arief Syaiful , Triyuwono Iwan 
Published: September 2024

This study aims to investigate one type in the Fintech area, namely the Central Bank Digital Currency, from the perspective of the Islamic economy. This study uses a literature study approach to determine how Sharia positions the Central Bank Digital Currency as a currency or a medium of exchange and the effects on accounting. It also analyzes its suitability to be used as a medium of exchange. Then, the values obtained from CBDC searches and fiqh studies are synchronized with the functions of money: the medium of exchange, the standard of deferred payment, the store of value, and the unit of account. This research will investigate the concept of money with elements within it and analyze whether CBDC is inappropriate. It will also explain the Islamic perspective and, precisely, the Sharia view of CBDC as a currency or medium of exchange.
Abstrak
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki salah satu jenis di area Fintech, yaitu Central Bank Digital Currency Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Syariah. Penelitian ini menggunakann pendekatan studi literatur untuk mengetahui bagaimana Syariah memposisikan Central Bank Digital Currency sebagai mata uang atau sebagai alat tukar, serta pengaruhnya terhadap akuntansi, dan juga menganalisis kecocokannya untuk dijadikan sebagai alat tukar. Kemudian nilai-nilai yang didapatkan dari penelusuran CBDC dan telaah fiqih disinkronisasikan dengan fungsi uang yaitu medium of exchange, standart of deferred payment, store of value, dan unit of account. Penelitian ini akan menyelidiki konsep uang dengan unsur-unsur di dalamnya, dan menganalisis apakah CBDC memang sesuai atau tidak. Penelitian ini juga akan menjelaskan tentang perspektif Islam, dan tepatnya, pandangan Syariah tentang CBDC sebagai mata uang atau sebagai media pertukaran.
Coproduction in Social Prescribing Initiatives: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Dougherty Madeline , Tompkins Tamara , Zibrowski Elaine , Cram Jesse , Ashe Maureen C , Bhaskar Le-Tien , Card Kiffer George , Godfrey Christina , Hebert Paul , Lacombe Ron , Muhl Caitlin , Mulligan Kate , Mulvale Gillian , Nelson Michelle L A , Norman Myrna , Symes Bobbi , Teare Gary , Welch Vivian , Kothari Anita 
Published: September 2024

Background
Social prescribing (SP) takes a holistic approach to health by linking clients from clinical settings to community programs to address their nonmedical needs. The emerging evidence base for SP demonstrates variability in the design and implementation of different SP initiatives. To effectively address these needs, coproduction among clients, communities, stakeholders, and policy makers is important for tailoring SP initiatives for optimal uptake.

Objective
This study aims to explore the role of coproduction in SP initiatives. The research question is as follows: How and for what purpose has coproduction been incorporated across a range of SP initiatives for different clients?

Methods
A review of international literature will be conducted following the JBI guidelines for scoping reviews. We will search multiple databases including Scopus, MEDLINE, and the PAIS Index, as well as gray literature, from 2000 to 2023. The primary studies included will describe a nonmedical need for clients, a nonmedical SP program or initiative, coproduction of the SP program, and any follow-up. Review articles and commentaries will be excluded. Titles, abstracts, and full-text articles will be screened, and data will be extracted by at least 2 research team members using Covidence and a pilot-tested extraction template. Clients with lived experience will also participate in the research process. Findings will be descriptively summarized and thematically synthesized to answer the research question.

Results
The project was funded in 2023, and the results are expected to be submitted for publication in early 2025.

Conclusions
Descriptions of what coproduction is meant to accomplish may differ from theoretical aspirations. Continued understanding of how coproduction has been designed and executed across varied international SP models is important for framing engagement in practice for future SP arrangements and their evaluation. We anticipate this review will guide clients, communities, stakeholders, and policy makers in further developing SP practice within health care systems.

Trial Registration
Open Science Framework Registries B8U4Z; https://osf.io/b8u4z

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/57062
How Dermatologists Can Aid Nondermatologic Professionals Using the Figure 1 App: Case Analysis
Authors: Coican Alexis , Marroquin Nathaniel A , Carboni Alexa , Holt Sara , Zueger Morgan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We found that third-party apps such as Figure 1 were used predominantly by nondermatologist medical personnel for collaboration in medical decision-making related to dermatologic conditions conducted with other health care providers. This finding calls attention to the need for more readily available resources for nondermatologist health care providers encountering patients with skin-related conditions, with the added benefits of trained dermatologists being allies on such medical app platforms, and the platform allowing for recognition of instances when additional consultation or referral to trained dermatologists for more complex cases is appropriate.
Cuerpos inadecuados
Authors: Moreno Sarmiento Daniel Felipe 
Published: September 2024

Título: Cuerpos inadecuados. El desafío transhumanista a la filosofíaAutor: Antonio DiéguezAño de publicación: 2021Edición: Primera edición: Mayo 2021Páginas: 216ISBN: 978-84-254-4647-4 Editorial: Herder Editorial
Este texto presenta una reseña de carácter analítico de la obra Cuerpos inadecuados. El desafío transhumanista a la filosofía (2021) de Antonio Diéguez; esta es una continuación de la anterior, pero con una intención más propositiva que expositiva en lo que respecta al transhumanismo tecnocientífico. Se señalarán algunos puntos centrales de esta obra, con el ánimo de exhortar a los interesados a profundizar en su contenido.
Unintended Effects of Critical Audit Matters: Early Evidence
Authors: Klevak Julia , Livnat Joshua , Pei Duo , Suslava Kate 
Published: September 2024

SUMMARY
The PCAOB mandated a substantial change to the auditor report in 2017, requiring audit firms to start disclosing critical audit matters (CAMs). Klevak, Livnat, Pei, and Suslava (2023) examine the market reaction to the first wave of CAMs between July 2019 and May 2020 and find that the extensiveness of the CAM disclosures coincides with greater stock return volatility and analyst dispersion. In addition, companies with more extensive CAMs experience lower returns, implying lower valuations by the market. The evidence suggests that capital market participants perceive companies with more extensive CAM disclosures and more audit procedures to have higher business risk and uncertainty, even though CAMs were intended to provide more clarity about the audit. The findings are useful for regulators to measure the impact of regulation and to design future standards. Auditors and managers may also consider the conclusions of this study when communicating information about CAMs.
Accounting Faculty Perspectives on Data Analytics: Course Design, Competency Assessment, and Employer Needs and Response
Authors: Cainas Jennifer M. , Hasson Brian K. , Kralik Juliana 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Data analytics has become a source of significant change in both the profession and higher education. Although prior research has discussed how to integrate data analytics, little research has been performed to learn what faculty are tactically doing in the classroom or how student competencies are being assessed at course-by-course and programmatic levels. Additionally, little is known about whether the integration of data analytics into the accounting curriculum is meeting employer needs. This study expands the literature by surveying 192 accounting faculty to investigate how faculty are operationalizing Standard A5, how learning competencies are being measured, and employer involvement and response with the integration of data analytics into accounting curricula. Results suggest that much work needs be done to integrate data analytics throughout the curriculum and ensure that program-level goals are being measured and assessed. However, employers are hiring graduates regardless of data analytics competencies.
Data availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.