bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seabed Classification in Bahía de Navidad in the Mexican Central Pacific using Single-Beam Acoustics
Authors: Hoya Arturo Flores , Dominguez Enrique Godínez 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study proposed a methodology for characterizing subtidal habitats along rocky coastlines and adjacent seabeds in the epipelagic zone using a 120 kHz single-beam echo sounder (SBES). The data collected at depths of 15 to 80 m in Bahía de Navidad on the Mexican Central Pacific coast were postprocessed and classified using QTC Impact™ software to obtain three acoustic classes. Using the classified data and ArcMap™ software, a bathymetric map was built for the selection of 19 sampling points for ground truthing and granulometric analysis to create a matrix further subjected to two ordination analyses: principal component analysis (PCA) and nonmetric multivariate scaling analysis (MDS). Additionally, the matrix was adapted into a dummy matrix, which was subsequently used to conduct a Pearson correlation coefficient test. The analyses revealed a strong correlation between the medium-deep-zone acoustic class (20 m to 50 m) and the medium-grain-size sand substrate, as well as a high correlation between the deep-zone acoustic class (50 to 80 m) and finer sand substrates. This study demonstrated the potential of using affordable echosounders as a reliable and feasible alternative for characterizing marine habitats, especially for research institutions in developing countries with limited financial resources.
Hydro-Informer: A Deep Learning Model for Accurate Water Level and Flood Predictions
Authors: Almikaeel Wael , Šoltész Andrej , Čubanová Lea , Baroková Dana 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study aims to develop an advanced deep learning model, Hydro-Informer, for accurate water level and flood predictions, emphasizing extreme event forecasting. Utilizing a comprehensive dataset from the Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute SHMI (2008-2020), which includes precipitation, water level, and discharge data, the model was trained using a ladder technique with a custom loss function to enhance focus on extreme values. The architecture integrates Recurrent and Convolutional Neural Networks (RNN, CNN), and Multi-Head Attention layers. Hydro-Informer achieved significant performance, with a Coefficient of Determination (R²) of 0.88, effectively predicting extreme water levels 12 hours in advance in a river environment free from human regulation and structures. These results demonstrate the model's robustness in identifying extreme events with minimal underestimation, essential for flood management and disaster preparedness. The study underscores the model's potential to enhance early warning systems and support timely evacuation and infrastructure planning, thereby mitigating flood impacts. Future research should explore integrating additional data sources and further refining the model to improve prediction accuracy and reliability. This work highlights the significant role of advanced deep-learning techniques in hydrological forecasting and practical applications in flood management.
The effect of Covid-19 pandemic on the primary health care utilization and cost: an interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Bayati Mohsen , Lotfi Farhad , Bayati Mehdi , Goudarzi Zahra 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Changes in the demand behavior for primary care during the covid-19 pandemic may translate into changes in the overall public health situation in Iran with the increase in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases.
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the primary health care utilization and cost in Fars province of Iran.
Methods: Monthly utilization and cost of primary health care was extracted from the data base of Fars province branch of Iran Health Insurance Organization (IHIO) in Iran. The interrupted time series analysis (ITSA) was used to investigate the short-term and long-term effects of Covid-19 on the utilization and cost of primary health care.
Results: The mean difference test showed that the monthly utilization and cost of primary health care after Covid-19 has decreased significantly (64307 for utilization and 11581 US dollars for cost). The ITSA estimates showed that the number of monthly primary health care visits after Covid-19 has decreased significantly by 53,003 in the short term and 2,330 in the long term. Moreover, the cost of primary health care shows a significant decrease of $24,722 and $3,822 per month in the short term and in the long term, respectively.
Conclusion: It found a significant reduction in the utilization of primary health care. Considering the role of primary care in controlling the burden of chronic diseases, planning for active follow-up of patients with chronic conditions should be on the agenda.
Blood transfusion in pediatric intracranial tumor surgery
Authors: Söner Hülya Tosun , Oygen Ömer , Güvenç Bayram , Türkan Rojda Tanık , Şener Fuat , Söner Serdar , Uzundere Osman , Aydın Kamuran , Aslanoğlu Barış , Çelik Feyzi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Pediatric central nervous system tumors are the most common solid tumors in children and leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Various factors may influence the practice of blood transfusion during this tumor diagnosis. The primary aim of this study was to determine the factors that may influence intraoperative blood transfusion in pediatric patients undergoing surgery for intracranial tumors and to predict patients who may require blood transfusion
Methods
A retrospective study was performed in all pediatric patients younger than 15 years who underwent craniotomy for brain tumor removal from January 2018 to December 2023 in our institution. Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative data were collected from medical and store anesthesia records. The predictors of intraoperative blood transfusion were determined using multivariate logistic regression.
Results
A total of 138 patients were included. Intraoperative blood transfusion was performed in 62 (44.9%) patients. In multivariate regression analysis age < 4 years and operating time > 490 minutes were determined as independent variables in terms of need for intraoperative blood transfusion. It was determined that the need for transfusion was higher in patient who were operated on urgently and patients with comorbidities (p = 0.023, p = 0.005).
Conclusion
In conclusion, the findings obtained in this study suggest that age and surgical duration are independent risk factors for intraoperative blood transfusion in pediatric patients undergoing surgery for intracranial tumors. Particularly, in younger patients and prolonged surgeries, closer monitoring and awareness may enhance early detection, leading to the prevention of complications.
Bioinformatics analysis identifies hub genes and immune infiltration landscapes in human brain temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Zhang Yaqian , Lei Lei , Zou Qihang , Li Yinchao , Liu Yingying , Fang Yubao , Zhou Liemin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a prevalent type of focal refractory epilepsy with uncertain underlying molecular mechanisms. This study aimed to elucidate the hub genes and potential mechanisms associated with TLE in the human brain, as well as to characterize the immune infiltration landscape. The datasets GSE190451 and GSE205661 were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Subsequent functional enrichment was performed to explore the biological functions of the differentially expressed genes. Hub genes related to temporal lobe epilepsy were identified by protein-protein interaction network analysis and cytoHubba analysis, with validation conducted using the external dataset GSE128300. Furthermore, CIBERSORT analysis was applied to explore the immune landscape of temporal lobe epilepsy and the immune associations of hub genes. Finally, the expression of hub genes was validated through qRT-PCR and Western Blot experiments.
Results
A total of 163 differential expressed genes were identified, significantly enriched in inflammatory and immune-related pathways, and four hub genes (TLR4, CSF1R, P2RY12, CX3CR1) were further identified. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed that macrophage (microglia) activation was involved in TLE, and the hub genes were significantly positively correlated with macrophages (microglia). Hub genes expression was upregulated in TLE patients.
Conclusions
This work revealed several genes that may be involved in the pathogenesis of TLE by regulating immune cell function, providing new insights to explore the pathogenesis of TLE.
Preliminary insight of pollen morphology of the Amazonian members of subtribe Columneineae (Gesneriaceae): details of morphological variation and pollen types
Authors: Lopes Ana Carolina Venancio , Souza Cintia Neves , Clark John L. , Landi Lorrayne Albernaz D. C. , Soares Eduardo Lopes , Cerdan Isaura de Paula , Gasparino Eduardo Custódio 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Columneinae, a morphologically diverse Neotropical group of Gesneriaceae, is strongly supported as a monophyletic, but many of the genera are weekly supported and lack diagnostic characters at the generic level. Predominantly distributed in the Andes and Amazon biomes, this group has not been evaluated from a palynological context. To address this gap and initiate comprehensive pollen studies within Columneinae, we conducted analyses on 28 species belonging to the genera Centrosolenia Benth., ChrysothemisDecne., Columnea L., Drymonia Mart., Glossoloma Hanst., Lesia J.L.Clark & J.F.Sm., NautilocalyxLinden., and Trichodrymonia Oerst. Pollen grains were subjected to acetolysis, measurement, and light microscopy, with select species also examined under scanning electron microscopy. Quantitative data underwent statistical analysis tailored to the sample size and multivariate analysis. Variability was observed in size, shape, aperture type, aperture number, ectoaperture length, endoaperture shape, and exine ornamentation. The diverse morphological features led to the identification of distinct pollen types within Columneinae clades. Our findings suggest that eurypalynous pollen grains define most Columneinae and that stenopalynous pollen grains define Chrysothemis; however, comprehensive palynological studies involving a broader array of species within the subtribe are imperative to enhance our understanding of its palynology.
Female Donor Gender is Associated to a Decrease in Post-liver Transplant Survival of Male Recipients Independently to Donor and Recipient Anthropometric Differences
Authors: Chedid Marcio F. , Prediger Lucas , Lazzarotto-da-Silva Gabriel , Cronst Jane , Zarichta Nathalia , Araujo Alexandre , Marchiori Roberta , Grezzana-Filho Tomaz J. M. , Goldani Luciano Z. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Data on the influence donor gender on post-liver transplant outcomes is scarce / is lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic factors of mortality in patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT) with a thorough evaluation of the influence of the donor variables.
Methods
Retrospective study of all patients undergoing LT at a single center from December 2011 to December 2018. The main outcome measure of the study was overall patient survival. The mortality predictors were evaluated using Cox regression.
Results
Overall, 202 patients analyzed in this study, 118 (58.1%) being males, and the average age was 54.19 ± 11.66 years. Post-LT survival for the entire cohort of 202 patients as assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method at 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7 years was 81.6%, 73.1%, 67.6%, and 63%. The only predictor of increased overall mortality was female donor gender [HR = 1.918, IC95%=1.150–3.201, (p = 0.013)]. Weight and height differences between donor and recipient were not related to mortality (p = 0.545 for weight and p = 0.964 height).
Conclusion
Female donor gender was associated with an increase in overall post-LT mortality, especially for male recipients, regardless of anthropometric parameters. For male patients receiving livers from female donors, infection was the most common cause of mortality occurring in the first year following LT.
Wheat straw-based amidoximated bioadsorbent for heavy metal removal: Synthesis, Experimental design, Isotherms, and Kinetics
Authors: Sheikhmali Mostafa , Jalilnejad Elham , Rafiee Reza 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In this research, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (MPS) silane agent was applied to modify the extracted wheat straw (WS) cellulose as a natural biopolymer. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was attached to the MPS-modified WS (MPS-WS) via in-situ polymerization to form PAN-WS biocomposite. AO-WS amidoxime biocomposite adsorbent was synthesized through amidoxime reaction and tested for its ability to remove Pb(II) ions. The adsorbent was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The FTIR results confirmed that the alkaline treatment removed the hemicellulose and lignin groups and that the silane agent successfully bonded to the WS cellulose. The thermal stability of WS was enhanced by the MPS-WS composite due to the attachment of acrylonitrile polymer chains. The Taguchi method was employed to investigate the effects of agitation speed, Pb(II) initial concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption capacity. The ANOVA results indicated that increasing the adsorbent dosage and decreasing the pollutant's initial concentration significantly improved the adsorption efficiency. The optimal conditions yielded maximum adsorption capacity of 22.26 mg/g for the AO-WS bioadsorbent. The kinetic and isotherm studies revealed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm fit the experimental data best.
Formal [4+2] combined ionic and radical approach of vinylogus enaminonitriles for highly substituted sulfonyl pyridazines
Authors: Jung Jae-Kyung , Jung Chanhyun , Lee Kwanghee , Rajasekar Shanmugam , Yim Ji-Youn , Sim Jaeuk , Lee Young Hee , Kwak Jae-Hwan , Hyun Soonsil , Kang Young Kee , Viji Mayavan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

A formal [4 + 2] reaction for the synthesis of 5’-sulfonyl-4’-aryl-3-cyano substituted pyridazine compounds from the reaction between vinylogus enaminonitrile and sulfonyl hydrazides is reported. The key features of our pyridazine synthesis include the transamidation of vinylogus enaminonitrile with sulfonyl hydrazide, radical sulfonylation of the resulting intermediate, and subsequent 6-endo-trig radical cyclization. This reaction proceeds smoothly to deliver a series of pyridazine derivatives in good to high yields. We also found that the sulfonyl group of the synthesized pyridazines can be transformed into C-, O-, or N-containing functional groups. A gram scale experiment and a diverse transformation of synthesized pyridazines were also performed to validate the practicability of our developed process. In the synthesis of sulfonyl substituted pyridazines, a 6-endo-trig cyclization via a radical pathway is both kinetically and thermodynamically favored over the cyclization via an ionic pathway, as supported by DFT calculations.
Post-transplant transient abnormal myelopoiesis evolving from a GATA1 mutant clone in umbilical cord blood
Authors: Kubota Yusuke , Sakurai Masatoshi , Nannya Yasuhito , Kogure Yasunori , Shiroshita Kohei , Fujita Shinya , Yamaguchi Kentaro , Mizuno Kota , Kato Jun , Mori Takehiko , Ogawa Seishi , Kataoka Keisuke 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) generally affects newborns with Down syndrome and is associated with constitutional trisomy 21 and a somatic GATA1 mutation. Here we describe a case of TAM which evolved after umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT), whose origin was identified as a GATA1 mutation-harboring clone in umbilical cord blood (UCB) by detailed genetic analyses. A 58-year-old male who received UCBT for peripheral T-cell lymphoma presented progressive anemia and thrombocytopenia, and leukocytosis with blast cells in the peripheral blood (PB). Bone marrow (BM) aspiration showed granulocytic and megakaryocytic dysplasia with excess blasts whose karyotype was trisomy 21. Short tandem repeat analysis showed complete donor chimerism. He was initially diagnosed as donor-derived myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and treated with azacitidine, followed by secondary transplantation using unrelated BM, providing durable complete remission. Retrospective targeted-capture sequencing analysis of PB/BM samples collected at multiple timepoints identified trisomy 21 and a GATA1 mutation, suggestive of a diagnosis of donor cell-derived TAM (DC-TAM). Importantly, a minor clone with the same GATA1 mutation was detected in UCB by droplet digital PCR. DC-TAM is a rare UCBT-related complication which resembles MDS, but the identification of GATA1 mutation may be useful for its diagnosis. Our genetic analyses revealed that a pre-existing clone in UCB may contribute to the development of donor cell-derived hematologic neoplasms, highlighting the potential relevance of genetic screening of donor UCB.
Risk factors analysis of lung cancer combined with venous thromboembolism and the construction of a clinic prediction model
Authors: Chen Shiyu , Luo Zhuanbo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study is to explore the disparities among lung cancer patients who also experience venous thromboembolism (VTE) and to establish a predictive model utilizing patients' clinical data and standard laboratory indicators for accurate assessment of VTE risk.
Method
A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical records of lung cancer patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University from January 2018 to December 2023. The patients were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set in a 7:3 ratio. 27 clinical parameters were chosen. Independent risk factors were selected by lasso regression and multivariate logistic regression. A nomogram was constructed for all variables showing significance at p < 0.05 in the multiple variable logistic analysis, and it was internally validated.
Result
A total of 300 lung cancer cases were examined, with 64 cases of VTE and 236 cases without VTE. Following screening by Lasso regression and multiple logistic regression, 6 variables were determined to be significant for the final model, including metastasis, surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, hemoglobin (HB), and platelet count (PLT). The modeling cohort (AUC 0.804) and the validation cohort (AUC 0.799) indicated strong discrimination. Calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated favorable consistency and clinical usefulness of the model.
Conclusion
The developed nomogram in this study has the capacity to predict the likelihood of VTE events in lung cancer patients to a certain degree, thus assisting healthcare providers in formulating appropriate prevention and treatment strategies.
Prevalence and Determinants of Cervical Cancer Screening Uptake among Women Attending Maternal and Child Health Services in Northeastern Uganda: a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Adongo Esther , Okia David , Namulondo Racheal , Matovu Joseph KB , Wanume Benon , Okibure Ambrose , Okware Samuel , Alunyo Jimmy Patrick , Nekaka Rebecca 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Cervical cancer is a significant health issue globally, particularly in less developed countries like Uganda. Despite efforts to improve screening programs, uptake remains low in regions like Karamoja in Uganda. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of cervical cancer screening and associated factors among women aged 25–49 at Moroto Regional Referral Hospital.
Methods
Using quantitative and qualitative methods, data was collected from March to April 2023 from 276 women. The multivariable logistic regression was conducted to assess the factors associated with cervical cancer screening. Data analysis was conducted using STATA15. For qualitative data, an in-depth interview was conducted, and a minimum of thirty participants were interviewed. Then, they were thematically analysed using Atlas ti. 21.
Results
The prevalence of cervical cancer screening among women attending maternal and child health services was 47% (130/276). Upon adjusting in the multivariable logistic regression, we observed that having a primary level of education [AOR 2.0, 95%CI: (1.2–4.9, P < 0.018)] and having given birth to more than four children (AOR 5.0, 95% CI: (1.1–23.1, P < 0.039)) were associated with higher odds of undergoing cervical cancer screening. Identified barriers included low knowledge and awareness of Cervical Cancer and Cervical Cancer screening, extended waiting times, and the influence of healthcare providers.
Conclusion and Recommendation:
The study finds low cervical cancer screening rates, below the 70% target. Factors like education, number of children, and awareness predicted screening uptake. It suggests tailored education for uneducated women and more screening for those with fewer children.
Measuring Network Dynamics of Drug Overdose Deaths in the United States
Authors: Tiwari Kushagra , Rahimian M. Amin , Roberts Mark S. , Kumar Praveen , Buchanich Jeannine M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The US opioid overdose epidemic has been a major public health concern in recent decades. There has been increasing recognition that its etiology is rooted in part in the social contexts that mediate substance use and access; however, reliable statistical measures of social influence are lacking in the literature. We use Facebook’s social connectedness index (SCI) as a proxy for real-life social networks across diverse spatial regions that help quantify social connectivity across different spatial units. This is a measure of the relative probability of connections between localities that offers a unique lens to understand the effects of social networks on health outcomes. We use SCI to develop a “deaths in social proximity” variable for observing the influence of social networks on opioid overdose deaths (OODs) in US counties. Our results show a statistically significant effect size for “deaths in social proximity” on OODs across counties in the United States, controlling for spatial proximity, as well as demographic and clinical covariates. The effect size of standardized “deaths in social proximity” in our cluster-robust linear regression model indicates that a one-standard-deviation increase, equal to 11.70 more deaths per 100, 000 population in the social proximity of ego counties in the contiguous United States, is associated with ten more deaths per 100, 000 population in ego counties. To further validate our findings, we performed a series of robustness checks using a network autocorrelation model to account for social network effects, a spatial autocorrelation model to capture spatial dependencies, and a two-way fixed-effect model to control for unobserved spatial and time-invariant characteristics. These checks consistently provide statistically robust evidence of positive social influence on OODs in US counties.