bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Video evidence that parenting methods predict which infants develop long night-time sleep periods by three months of age
Authors: St James-Roberts Ian , Roberts Marion , Hovish Kimberly , Owen Charlie 
Published: December 2016

AimTo examine two hypotheses about the longitudinal relationship between night-time parenting behaviours in the first few postnatal weeks and infant night-time sleep-waking at five weeks, three months and six months of age in normal London home environments.BackgroundMost western infants develop long night-time sleep periods by four months of age. However, around 20–30% of infants in many countries continue to sleep for short periods and cry out on waking in the night: the most common type of infant sleep behaviour problem. Preventive interventions may help families and improve services. There is evidence that ‘limit-setting’ parenting, which is common in western cultures, supports the development of settled infant night-time behaviour. However, this evidence has been challenged. The present study measures three components of limit-setting parenting (response delay, feeding interval, settling method), examines their stability, and assesses the predictive relationship between each of them and infant sleep-waking behaviours.MethodsLongitudinal observations comparing a General-Community (n=101) group and subgroups with a Bed-Sharing (n=19) group on infra-red video, diary and questionnaire measures of parenting behaviours and infant feeding and sleep-waking at night.FindingsBed-Sharing parenting was highly infant-cued and stable. General-Community parenting involved more limit-setting, but was less stable, than Bed-Sharing parenting. One element of General-Community parenting – consistently introducing a short interval before feeding – was associated with the development of longer infant night-time feed intervals and longer day-time feeds at five weeks, compared with other General-Community and Bed-Sharing infants. Twice as many General-Community infants whose parents introduced these short intervals before feeding in the early weeks slept for long night-time periods at three months of age on both video and parent-report measures, compared with other General-Community and Bed-Sharing infants. The findings’ implications for our understanding of infant sleep-waking development, parenting programmes, and for practice and research, are discussed.
Creating a Knowledge Database in SharePoint: Testing the Boundaries
Authors: Lustigman Allie , Hanley Amy 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis article follows an initiative to create a Knowledge Database in SharePoint from inception to roll out. Written by Allie Lustigman and Amy Hanley, the Knowledge and Information Team at Charles Taylor, this article explores how certain customisations to SharePoint 2010's out of-the-box capabilities can be successfully applied to a knowledge repository on a limited timescale and budget.
Law Via the Internet 2015 Conference
Authors: Browne Glenda 
Published: December 2016

AbstractFree access to public legal information for the general public and professionals promotes justice and the rule of law. Presenters at the 2015 Law via the Internet conference discussed projects using the power of technology combined with expert human input to make information accessible, and to extract new information from large document collections. Although the scale is different, there are similarities in the ways in which indexers and informaticians explore meaning, develop standards and consider user needs to make information widely accessible. Glenda Browne reports on the conference.*
A novel BCMA/CD3 bispecific T-cell engager for the treatment of multiple myeloma induces selective lysis in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Hipp S , Tai Y-T , Blanset D , Deegen P , Wahl J , Thomas O , Rattel B , Adam P J , Anderson K C , Friedrich M 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) is a highly plasma cell-selective protein that is expressed on malignant plasma cells of multiple myeloma (MM) patients and therefore is an ideal target for T-cell redirecting therapies. We developed a bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) targeting BCMA and CD3ɛ (BI 836909) and studied its therapeutic impacts on MM. BI 836909 induced selective lysis of BCMA-positive MM cells, activation of T cells, release of cytokines and T-cell proliferation; whereas BCMA-negative cells were not affected. Activity of BI 836909 was not influenced by the presence of bone marrow stromal cells, soluble BCMA or a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL). In ex vivo assays, BI 836909 induced potent autologous MM cell lysis in both, newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory patient samples. In mouse xenograft studies, BI 836909 induced tumor cell depletion in a subcutaneous NCI-H929 xenograft model and prolonged survival in an orthotopic L-363 xenograft model. In a cynomolgus monkey study, administration of BI 836909 led to depletion of BCMA-positive plasma cells in the bone marrow. Taken together, these results show that BI 836909 is a highly potent and efficacious approach to selectively deplete BCMA-positive MM cells and represents a novel immunotherapeutic for the treatment of MM.
Percutaneous, Transtrapezial Fixation without Bone Graft Leads to Consolidation in Selected Cases of Delayed Union of the Scaphoid Waist
Authors: Vanhees Matthias , van Riet Roger , van Haver Annemieke , Kebrle Radek , Meermans Geert , Verstreken Frederik 
Published: December 2016

Purpose We evaluated clinical and radiographic outcome of percutaneous transtrapezial fixation of the scaphoid delayed union or nonunion using a headless bone screw without bone grafting.
Methods Sixteen patients with delayed union or nonunion of the scaphoid were included in this retrospective study between 2006 and 2011. All patients had a delayed presentation of scaphoid fracture, and none of them was treated conservatively elsewhere. Patients with bone graft, sclerotic bone debridement, or displacement of the fragment at the nonunion site were excluded. A percutaneous transtrapezial fixation technique was used in all cases. Patients were reviewed until clinical and radiographic union was observed. At the final follow-up, DASH (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) and PRWHE (Patient-Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation) outcome scores were completed.
Results Radiographic union was obtained in 15 out of 16 patients (94%) at an average follow-up of 36 months (range: 12–98 months). No complications from the percutaneous technique were noted. The average DASH score was 6 (range: 0–39) and the average PRWHE score was 10 (range: 0–56). No statistical significant difference in range of motion and grip strength was found between the operated side and the contralateral side.
Conclusion Percutaneous transtrapezial screw fixation for delayed or nonunion of selected scaphoid fractures without bone grafting is promising. At a mean of 4 months, 94% union was obtained with good functional results when there was no sclerosis, minimal osteolysis, and no displacement at the scaphoid nonunion site.
Type of Study Therapeutic study.
Level of Evidence IV.
Management of Varicose Veins and Chronic Venous Insufficiency in a Comparative Registry with Nine Venoactive Products in Comparison with Stockings
Authors: Dugall M. , Luzzi R. , Corsi M. , Ledda A. , Ricci A. , Pellegrini L. , Cesarone M. , Hosoi M. , Errichi B.M. , Cornelli U. , Cotellese R. , Agus G. , Feragalli B. , Belcaro G. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe aim of this registry study was to compare products used to control symptoms of CVI. Endpoints of the study were microcirculation, effects on volume changes, and symptoms (analogue scale). Pycnogenol, venoruton, troxerutin, the complex diosmin-hesperidin, Antistax, Mirtoselect (bilberry), escin, and the combination Venoruton-Pycnogenol (VE-PY) were compared with compressions.No safety or tolerability problems were observed. At inclusion, measurements in the groups were comparable: 1,051 patients completed the registry. Best performers: Venoruton, Pycnogenol, and the combination VE-PY produced the best effects on skin flux. These products and the combination VE-PY better improved PO2 and PCO2. The edema score was decreased more effectively with the combination and with Pycnogenol. Venoruton; Antistax also had good results. Considering volumetry, the best performers were the combination PY-VE and the two single products Venoruton and Pycnogenol. Antistax results for edema were also good. The best improvement in symptoms score were obtained with Pycnogenol and compression. A larger decrease in oxidative stress was observed with Pycnogenol, Venoruton, and with the VE-PY combination. Good effects of Antistax were also observed. Parestesias were lower with Pycnogenol and with Antistax. Considering the need for interventions, the best performers were Pycnogenol, VE-PY, and compression. The efficacy of Pycnogenol and the combination are competitive with stockings that do not have the same tolerability in warmer climates. A larger and more prolonged evaluation is suggested to evaluate cost-efficacy (and non-interference with drugs) of these products in the management of CVI. The registry is in progress; other products are in evaluation.
Future urban land expansion and implications for global croplands
Authors: Bren d’Amour Christopher , Reitsma Femke , Baiocchi Giovanni , Barthel Stephan , Güneralp Burak , Erb Karl-Heinz , Haberl Helmut , Creutzig Felix , Seto Karen C. 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Urbanization’s contribution to land use change emerges as an important sustainability concern. Here, we demonstrate that projected urban area expansion will take place on some of the world’s most productive croplands, in particular in megaurban regions in Asia and Africa. This dynamic adds pressure to potentially strained future food systems and threatens livelihoods in vulnerable regions.
Climate change damages to Alaska public infrastructure and the economics of proactive adaptation
Authors: Melvin April M. , Larsen Peter , Boehlert Brent , Neumann James E. , Chinowsky Paul , Espinet Xavier , Martinich Jeremy , Baumann Matthew S. , Rennels Lisa , Bothner Alexandra , Nicolsky Dmitry J. , Marchenko Sergey S. 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Climate change in Alaska is causing widespread environmental change that is damaging critical infrastructure. As climate change continues, infrastructure may become more vulnerable to damage, increasing risks to residents and resulting in large economic impacts. We quantified the potential economic damages to Alaska public infrastructure resulting from climate-driven changes in flooding, precipitation, near-surface permafrost thaw, and freeze–thaw cycles using high and low future climate scenarios. Additionally, we estimated coastal erosion losses for villages known to be at risk. Our findings suggest that the largest climate damages will result from flooding of roads followed by substantial near-surface permafrost thaw-related damage to buildings. Proactive adaptation efforts as well as global action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions could considerably reduce these damages.
Two independent S-phase checkpoints regulate appressorium-mediated plant infection by the rice blast fungus
Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Osés-Ruiz Míriam , Sakulkoo Wasin , Littlejohn George R. , Martin-Urdiroz Magdalena , Talbot Nicholas J. 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Rice blast is a devastating fungal disease of cultivated rice, and its control is vital to ensure global food security. In an effort to understand how the rice blast fungus causes disease, we have investigated how the cell cycle controls the early stages of plant infection. The rice blast fungus develops a special cell, called an appressorium, to infect rice leaves. This structure generates enormous pressure, which the fungus applies as physical force to puncture the leaf surface. We have shown that a buildup of pressure in the appressorium is necessary to trigger an unusual cell-cycle checkpoint that is necessary for the appressorium to function properly. If this process is blocked, rice blast disease cannot occur.
Reversal of a cyanobacterial bloom in response to early warnings
Authors: Pace Michael L. , Batt Ryan D. , Buelo Cal D. , Carpenter Stephen R. , Cole Jonathan J. , Kurtzweil Jason T. , Wilkinson Grace M. 
Published: December 2016

SignificanceBlooms of cyanobacteria in lakes and reservoirs cause fish kills and pose toxicity risk for humans, livestock, and wildlife. Theory suggests that blooms may be anticipated in advance by calculating resilience indicators using high-frequency observations of pigments in lake water. However, it is not known whether management can prevent blooms once indicators are detected. We measured these indicators while gradually enriching a lake until a bloom was triggered. When indicators passed a preset threshold, nutrient input was stopped. This action reversed the bloom, showing that monitoring of resilience indicators followed by prompt action when limits are exceeded can be useful in management. However, in practice, the risk of blooms may best be prevented by reducing inputs of nutrients.
Origin of hydrophobicity and enhanced water hydrogen bond strength near purely hydrophobic solutes
Authors: Grdadolnik Joze , Merzel Franci , Avbelj Franc 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Hydrophobicity governs a wide range of fundamental physicochemical processes, but its physical origin is unclear. The classical explanation of hydrophobicity is that tiny “icebergs” are formed near such solutes; however, no experimental proof has been advanced for their existence. Here, we used four small purely hydrophobic solutes (methane, ethane, krypton, and xenon) in water to study hydrophobicity at the most fundamental level. We present unequivocal experimental proof for strengthened water hydrogen bonds near purely hydrophobic solutes, matching those in ice and clathrates. The water molecules involved in the enhanced hydrogen bonds display extensive structural ordering resembling that in clathrates, thus indicating the fundamental interconnection between electrostatic screening (shielding) and the hydrophobic effect.
Oxytocin reactivity during intergroup conflict in wild chimpanzees
Authors: Samuni Liran , Preis Anna , Mundry Roger , Deschner Tobias , Crockford Catherine , Wittig Roman M. 
Published: December 2016

SignificanceWarfare is one of the most pervasive problems among human societies, and understanding mechanisms involved in in-group cooperation and favoritism is of paramount importance. Wild chimpanzees share key features of humans’ intergroup conflict, in terms of in-group coordination, coalitionary support, and out-group hostility. The hormone oxytocin may regulate humans’ intergroup conflict, although tests in natural settings are lacking. We found strong evidence that, like in humans, oxytocin is involved in chimpanzee intergroup conflict. Both intergroup conflict anticipation and participation involved high urinary oxytocin levels, irrespective of intragroup affiliations or potential threat by rivals. These results are indicative of similar physiological processes involved in intergroup violence and intragroup support in both species, likely supporting behavior that is adaptive during intergroup conflicts.
Transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors for organic electronics: Application to inverted OLEDs
Authors: Hosono Hideo , Kim Junghwan , Toda Yoshitake , Kamiya Toshio , Watanabe Satoru 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Organic electronics have vast potential due to the huge space for molecular design and the soft nature of organics. If the intrinsic advantages of inorganic semiconductors could be complementarily combined with organic semiconductors, exciting new avenues to practical applications would be opened. A key issue is how to realize efficient electron transfer between the cathode and the active organic layers. It is thus a challenge to develop excellent materials for electron injection and transport layers. This paper reports unique transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors for this purpose and successful fabrication of inverted organic light-emitting diode devices with high performance as an application.
Lanthanide-dependent cross-feeding of methane-derived carbon is linked by microbial community interactions
Authors: Krause Sascha M. B. , Johnson Timothy , Samadhi Karunaratne Yasodara , Fu Yanfen , Beck David A. C. , Chistoserdova Ludmila , Lidstrom Mary E. 
Published: December 2016

Significance
A great challenge in microbial ecology lies in determining the underlying mechanisms that drive interactions in complex natural communities. In this study we used bacterial isolates from Lake Washington sediment that are important for the utilization of the greenhouse gas methane. We show how simple cocultures can be used to identify mechanisms involved in cross-feeding in microbial communities; these mechanisms cannot be deduced from pure cultures alone. We demonstrate that the presence of one species alters gene expression and metabolism in another species such that the second species excretes a carbon and energy source to sustain the cross-fed species. This mode of cross-feeding based on partner-induced altered gene expression may have important implications for microbial interactions in the environment.
Towards Superlogic
Authors: Bar-Lev Zev 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This article argues for a semantic theory of discourse structure, with a strong cross-linguistic focus. Its argument starts with analysis of two phenomena related to discourse and cognition : conjunction; and categorization. After this initial justification, claims are developed within a specific research model for discourse, but also drawing on the rich field of data available in intercultural environments. Specific results include the claim that 'Mediterranean' discourse-types differ from Anglo AND 'Oriental ' types in preferring a different form of 'framing' device for discourse, namely a particularizing rather than generalizing form. There is also discussion of the implications of the approach for linguistic methodology and cognitive theory.
A Rationale for the Cloze Procedure
Authors: Foley J.A. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This article attempts to answer two questions : firstly, the question of what cloze actually is. Explanations using the principle of 'redundancy1 in the text and the 'grammar expectancy' of the decoder seem to be more satisfactory than theories based on gestalt psychology or the 'information theory'.
Secondly, the question of what cloze actually does. This would appear to be only satisfactorily answered by reference to the syntactic, semantic and rhetorical elements of language. Comprehension assessment for which cloze is often used is normally understood as getting at the conceptual world of the encoder. This cannot be directly tapped by cloze as it would involve skills over and above those accessible by cloze, such as skimming, scanning, reorganization, inference and evaluation.
Is Morphology used to encode Derivations when Learning a Foreign Language?
Authors: Sandra Dominiek 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Derived words suggest a very efficient mnemonic when they have to be learnt as items in a foreign language (FL). They could be remembered by tagging in semantic memory the property that is lexicalized by the stem and storing the particular affix. A learning experiment was designed to find out whether students make spontaneous use of this encoding strategy. The results indicated that subjects' recall performance was better for derived words than underived ones, even when the presence of stems was not pointed out to them by the experimenter. The error data were compatible with the use of the proposed mnemonic. Surprisingly, subjects who were given only native language translations did better on the derivations than those who were provided additional comment on the morphological structure of these words. This finding proves that the method of giving translations for FL words is not so bad after ail and that the memory representations subjects form in such conditions are not necessarily of the paired-associate type.
Bedenkingen rond juridische terminografie of de term woonplaats op zijn plaats gezet
Authors: vd Bulcke Patricia 
Published: December 2016

Aan de hand van een terminografische aanpak van de term "woonplaats" en de bijbehorende begripsanalyse, werd gepoogd de specificiteit van juridische terminografie wat duidelijker te stellen.
In de eerste plaats wijzen we op het pragmatisch karakter van wetteksten, wat voor de juridische termen meebrengt dat ze heel vaak een "dubbele" inhoud hebben: een begripsomschrijving en een juridische toepassing. Het is o.i. dan ook wenselijk dat de terminograaf beide aspecten probeert te benaderen.
Anderzijds wijzen we op het prescriptief karakter van de wetteksten waardoor de termen automatisch genormaliseerd zijn. Als nu voorkomt - en het gebeurt vaak - dat de wetgever eenzelfde term hanteert maar met een gewijzigde begripsinhoud, dan ziet de doctrine zich verplicht nieuwe termen te creëren om de synonimie te verduidelijken en zal de terminograaf op zijn hoede moeten zijn voor termen die in ruime en in strikte zin kunnen gedefinieerd worden.
On the basis of a terminography approach of the term "woonplaats" (domicile) and a companion analysis of the concept, a tentative outline is given of the specificity of juridical terminography.
On the one hand, we give evidence of the pragmatic character of law texts, often resulting in their juridical terms having a doublelayered content: a definition of concept and a juridical application respectively. We find it advisable that a terminographer try and combine both aspects.
On the other hand, we draw attention to the prescriptive nature of law texts, which automatically normalizes them. When the legislator - as is often the case - uses a term with an altered meaning, doctrine has to create new terms so as to make clear synonymy and the terminographer will have to beware of terms that could be defined in both a broad and a narrow sense.
Infectious Disease (ID) Learning Unit: What the ID Clinician Needs to Know About Buprenorphine Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Westlake Amanda A. , Eisenberg Mark P. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In the context of an escalating opioid epidemic, infectious disease clinicians increasingly treat the infectious complications of injection drug use. In this learning unit, we review the history, pharmacology, and clinical use of buprenorphine as maintenance therapy for opioid use disorder, and we describe the process by which clinicians can obtain a buprenorphine waiver.