bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1. Emotional Development through Art Expressions
Authors: Rusu Marinela 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Aesthetic education forms and develops a mental quality of the individual, namely, general receptivity to the world and life. It can be said, however, that aesthetic education includes a multiplicity of meanings, formative and educative in relation to personality. All this has a profound echo in the whole personality, whether at the emotional or behavioral level. Art touches and contributes to creating prints from which the later emotional pleasure, taste, artistic judgment and discernment on human values will develop. Emotion refers not only to the aesthetics but involves more often, ethics, behavioral preferences in choosing one or another conduct. Emotions enrich the register of artistic self-expression and complements the temperamental and the character profile of a person. Here we analyze these relevant issues in an experiment conducted at the “Elena Cuza” Primary School of Iasi, Romania. We also present the conclusions of Art Intervention in school for these students. Art intervention in school can become an affective-emotional aim in educator-student relationship and may have important, long term evolutionary consequences, referring to the achievement of personal ideals and efficiency of educational activity.
2. The Concept of “Modelarium” and its Impact on Creativity And Artistic Education
Authors: Bajçinovci Bujar , Jerliu Florina 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Students and Teachers are an epic symbiosis in process of direct learning and academic advancement. Nowadays, this interaction is more bonded and interdependent with technology and equipment‟s, which in a whole system expands learning horizons. The digital era has introduced in the education system new modes of learning, a new way of life and style in schooling. This phenomenon changed the methods of teaching in universities, where lectures were accompanied with concrete explanations of works in modeling, in structural and conceptual sense. The relationship between a student of architecture and teachers broadened with introduction of computer aided modeling and simulation tools to construct those ideas into the reality. The study presented in this paper investigates conceptual methods in art, architecture, creativity and innovation in academic education, focusing on interactive teaching issues, and methods. The research methods consist of empirical observation carried out during 25 years of experience in academia, and direct observation of teaching methods. The purpose of this paper is to examine the evolutive process in teaching relations between architectural students and teachers, with the focus in educational competencies and communication skills. Findings indicate that through artistic concepts of “Modelarium” as an unconventional learning space, a tool and space that enables the partnership. An informal meeting place for artistic interaction, but, concurrently it is a formal part of the educational system in architectural studies, a strategy by which we can bring more: time, conceptual awareness of space and interactive teaching in architecture, which bonds multidimensional threads between students and teachers; thus, fostering a powerful sense of partnership, avoiding boredom and passive learning, while facing the challenges, associated with the development of technology, life style, real issues and global world trends. Research suggests that uniform and/or partially new strategy, cannot respond to all specific issues faced by students in day to day basis. Therefore, new teaching strategies must involve new partnerships, a brand new and a redefined role as a holistic symbiosis, as an response to a less functional and/or conventional academic system. Partnership, a new working symbiosis between students and teachers is an answer to the needs of working together simultaneously towards continuous improvement of academia processes.
6. Strategies for Modelling the Educational Process from the Perspective of Internal Resources Stimulation of the Child
Authors: Zolotariov Elena , Foca Eugenia 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The article reflects an attempt to rethink the methodology of organizing the pedagogical process, oriented towards the development of “the humane in the person”, shifting its focus onto stimulating children’s inner resources. The emphasis is shifted from the teaching, learning and assessment processes, focused on research of the surrounding reality towards the exploitation of the child's innate potentials, the ability to know his inner world.
Maintaining the innate resources of each learner will require from teacher of post-modern school the application of techniques to create the necessary social and psychological conditions, to provide a path for learners’ individual development. Thus, each child will have the chance to realize their potential talent, including sensitive dimension of their spiritual and moral world, this representing the authors’ research subject.
Biomonitoring of Danish school children and mothers including biomarkers of PBDE and glyphosate
Authors: Knudsen Lisbeth E. , Hansen Pernille Winton , Mizrak Seher , Hansen Heidi K. , Mørck Thit A. , Nielsen Flemming , Siersma Volkert , Mathiesen Line 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackground:The Danish part of the large European Human biomonitoring pilot project Demonstration of a study to Coordinate and Perform Human biomonitoring on a European Scale (DEMOCOPHES) investigated the urine, hair and blood concentrations of 66 different environmental chemicals in a group of 145 Danish school children aged 6–11 years and their mothers from rural and urban areas in autumn 2011. Some – but not all – results were published; however, the concurrence of the chemicals has not been assessed.Methods:The measured concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and glyphosate is assessed to complete the investigation of all 66 chemicals in DEMOCOPHES. The concentrations of PBDEs were measured in plasma samples of 143 mothers and 116 children. Glyphosate was measured in a subsample of 27 urine samples. Previously assessed chemicals were polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) analyzed in blood samples, mercury analyzed in hair, and phthalate metabolites, parabens, phenols, cadmium, paracetamol and cotinine analyzed in urine samples. Differences in concentrations between mothers and children were assessed, and the associations between the concentrations of the different environmental chemicals. investigated by correlation analysis.Results:PBDE47 was found in relatively high levels compared with previous Danish results in both mothers and children, with a significantly higher level in the children compared to their mothers. Glyphosate in concentrations around 1 ng/mL was detected in all 27 samples. The analyzed environmental exposures seem to follow a pattern where chemicals within the same classes are strongly correlated and where children and mothers are exposed to the same chemicals.Conclusion:The correlations between the measured environmental chemicals indicate that a specific exposure pattern may exist, where people who are highly exposed to one class of environmental chemicals also may be highly exposed to certain other classes. As some of the compounds were measured in higher levels in children compared to mothers, increased focus also on the exposure in young children is recommended. For more detailed investigation of specific exposure sources more studies with increased power and detailed questionnaires should be developed.
Peripheral levels of BDNF and opiate-use disorder: literature review and update
Authors: Palma-Álvarez Raul Felipe , Ros-Cucurull Elena , Amaro-Hosey Kristopher , Rodriguez-Cintas Laia , Grau-López Lara , Corominas-Roso Margarida , Sánchez-Mora Cristina , Roncero Carlos 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSeveral neurobiological factors are related to opiate-use disorder (OUD), and among them, neurotrophins have a relevant role. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a central neurotrophin involved in many neuronal processes, and it has been related to several psychiatric diseases and addictive disorders. BDNF can be measured in plasma and serum; its levels may reflect BDNF concentrations in the central nervous system (CNS) and, indirectly, CNS processes. Hence, peripheral BDNF could be a biomarker in clinical practice. This manuscript explores the findings about peripheral BDNF and OUD in humans. Opiates induce neurotoxicity in the CNS, which may be correlated with modifications in BDNF expression. Thus, basal levels of peripheral BDNF in OUD patients may be altered, which could be modified with abstinence. Also, opiates may modify epigenetic processes that may be associated with peripheral concentrations of BDNF, and in this line, withdrawal could reflect recovering processes in the CNS. Additionally, treatment modifies the peripheral concentrations of BDNF, but the clinical implications of those changes are yet not elucidated. No specific conclusion can be performed and more investigation in this area is necessary to elucidate the real potential of peripheral BDNF as a biomarker.
Informational Worldview. Scientific Foundations, and Philosophical Perspectives
Authors: Stacewicz Paweł 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
In the text, I synthetically discuss the cultural background, computer science basis, and philosophical potential of an informational worldview, which I treat as an indirect link between awareness of the significance of contemporary achievements of computer science (its theories and applications) and the philosophy of future (informatism) based on the concept of information. Within the philosophical and cognitive science thread of this work, I focus on informationally-driven questions about the mind (its informational content and computational strategies of modelling) and the complexity of the world (which is directly related to the complexity of problems in which the mind is involved).
Computing as Empirical Science – Evolution of a Concept
Authors: Polak Paweł 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis article presents the evolution of philosophical and methodological considerations concerning empiricism in computer/computing science. In this study, we trace the most important current events in the history of reflection on computing. The forerunners of Artificial Intelligence H.A. Simon and A. Newell in their paper Computer Science As Empirical Inquiry (1975) started these considerations. Later the concept of empirical computer science was developed by S.S. Shapiro, P. Wegner, A.H. Eden and P.J. Denning. They showed various empirical aspects of computing. This led to a view of the science of computing (or science of information processing) - the science of general scope. Some interesting contemporary ways towards a generalized perspective on computations were also shown (e.g. natural computing).
Artificial Intelligence as a Means to Moral Enhancement
Authors: Klincewicz Michał 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper critically assesses the possibility of moral enhancement with ambient intelligence technologies and artificial intelligence presented in Savulescu and Maslen (2015). The main problem with their proposal is that it is not robust enough to play a normative role in users’ behavior. A more promising approach, and the one presented in the paper, relies on an artificial moral reasoning engine, which is designed to present its users with moral arguments grounded in first-order normative theories, such as Kantianism or utilitarianism, that reason-responsive people can be persuaded by. This proposal can play a normative role and it is also a more promising avenue towards moral enhancement. It is more promising because such a system can be designed to take advantage of the sometimes undue trust that people put in automated technologies. We could therefore expect a well-designed moral reasoner system to be able to persuade people that may not be persuaded by similar arguments from other people. So, all things considered, there is hope in artificial intelligence for moral enhancement, but not in artificial intelligence that relies solely on ambient intelligence technologies.
The Problem of Self-Knowledge Built on Self-Consciousness in the Light of Externalism
Authors: Pacholik-Żuromska Anita 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis article will put forward the thesis that self-knowledge should not be seen as a higher level of self-consciousness but rather as separate and independent from the act of self-consciousness. Only in such an account may self-knowledge avoid the problem of errors in self-identification emerging from all sorts of bodily illusions such as BSI, RHI, and FBI, as well as mental ones, based on a misidentification of propositional attitudes. In the light of the considered conception arguments against resting self-knowledge on self-consciousness will be discussed, leading to the depiction of self-knowledge as compatible with externalism and appealing to the distinction between self-others, although this will not be a distinction referring to bodily self-consciousness but rather ascribing beliefs to others.
Characterization and expression of dax1 during embryonic and gonad development in the carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Jia Yong-fang , Xia Xiao-hua , Zhang Wan-wan , Ji Xiao-lin , Chen Jian-jun , Li Li , Ping Nan , Du Qi-yan , Chang Zhong-jie 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of dax1, which causes adrenal hypoplasia congenita (AHC) with associated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) and dosage-sensitive sex reversal (DSS) during carp embryogenesis and gonadal development.

Methods
The dax1 gene was cloned from ovaries of adult carp using homologous cloning and RACE methods. Expression patterns during embryogenesis and various adult tissues were analyzed using RT-PCR (QRT-PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH).

Results
Expression of dax1 was detected at beginning of the blastula stage and peaked at 80 days post hatching (dph), while expression in the ovary was stable. Expression of dax1 was detected in males and females, and showed sexually dimorphic pattern with high level expression in juvenile male liver and gonad. Adimorphic expression was observed in adult male gonad and heart, but was higher in liver of adult females. Whole-mount in situ hybridization revealed dax1 expression in the developing diencephalon at hatching. Later, at approximately 5 dph, a novel expression of dax1 was observed in the developing hindbrain of carp larvae.

Conclusion
These preliminary findings suggest that dax1 is conserved during vertebrate evolution and involved in a wide range of developmental processes including neurogenesis and sex differentiation in vertebrates.
Possible mechanisms of transmissible cancers in Tasmanian devils
Authors: Nuray Ulusu Nuriye 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Physical transfer of viable tumor cells from one organism to another is known as transmissible cancer, which is observed in dogs, Tasmanian devils, Syrian hamsters, and some soft-shell clams. Tasmanian devil facial tumor disease is transmitted like an infectious disease between individuals through biting and other close contact. This extinction type is quite different from the other extinction types such as ecological factors. Transmissible cancers’ cellular metabolism is also different from the both normal cellular metabolism and other types of cancers’ metabolism. The lack of an immune response against the Tasmanian devil facial tumor cells is the one of the key points in the transmission of the cancerous cells. The differentiated cellular metabolism and absence of immune reaction may be due to the organisms’ enzymes. Cells may have altered surface proteins by altering enzymatic activities that cannot be recognized by both the innate and adaptive responses. The promiscuity of the key enzymes may be associated with unwanted side effects, such as cannot recognize molecular patterns on the transmitted cell or hypomethylation of DNA by altering catalytic properties enzymes or altered matrix metalloproteinases or cathelicidins.
Complex cubic metallides AM
~6 (A=Ca, Sr; M=Zn, Cd, Hg). Synthesis, crystal chemistry and chemical bonding
Authors: Schwarz Michael , Wendorff Marco , Röhr Caroline 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
In a systematic synthetic, crystallographic and bond theoretical study, the stability ranges as well as the distribution of the isoelectronic late d-block elements Zn, Cd and Hg (M) in the polyanions of the YCd6-type phases (Ca/Sr)Cd6 have been investigated. Starting from Ca(Cd/Hg)6, 12−30% of the M atoms can be substituted by Zn, which gradually occupies the center of the empty cubes. In all ternary compounds, smaller/less electronegative Zn/Cd atoms occupy the disordered tetrahedra explaining the lack of the YCd6-type for pure mercurides. Along the section SrCd6-SrHg6, the ordered Eu4Cd25-type is formed (Sr4Cd16.1Hg8.9: cF1392, Fd3̅, a=3191.93(5) pm, R1=0.0404). Besides, two new complex cubic Ca phases appear at increased Zn proportion: Ca2Zn5.1Cd5.8, which exhibits a nearly complete site preference of Zn and Cd, crystallizes in the rare cubic Mg2Zn11-type structure (cP39−δ, Pm3̅, a=918.1(1) pm, R1=0.0349). In the Ca–Hg system, an increased Zn proportion yielded the new compound CaZn1.31Hg3.69 (cF480, F4̅3m, a=2145.43(9) pm, R1=0.0572), with a complex cubic structure closely related to Ba20Hg103. All structures, which are commonly described using nested polyhedra around high-symmetric sites, are alternatively described in accordance with the calculated electron densities and charge distribution: building blocks are face-sharing [M
4] tetrahedra (star polyhedra such as TS, IS, OS), each with a cage-critical point in its center, and [M
8] cubes (deformed TS), which are either empty, distorted or filled. The M element distribution in the anion is determined by size criteria and the difference in electronegativity, which induces a preferred formation of heteroatomic polar bonds.
Potential Systems and Nonlocal Conservation Laws of Prandtl Boundary Layer Equations on the Surface of a Sphere
Authors: Naz R. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract:
The potential systems and nonlocal conservation laws of Prandtl boundary layer equations on the surface of a sphere have been investigated. The multiplier approach yields two local conservation laws for the Prandtl boundary layer equations on the surface of a sphere. Two potential variables ψ and ϕ are introduced corresponding to first and second conservation law. Moreover, another potential variable p is introduced by considering the linear combination of both conservation laws. Two level one potential systems involving a single nonlocal variable ψ or ϕ are constructed. One level two potential system involving both nonlocal variables ψ and ϕ is established. The nonlocal variable p is utilised to derive a spectral potential system. The nonlocal conservation laws of Prandtl boundary layer equations on the surface of a sphere are derived by computing the local conservation laws of its potential systems. The nonlocal conservation laws are utilised to derive the further nonlocally related systems.
On the Mechanisms of Chemical Intercalation of Lithium in Electrode Materials
Authors: Schwarzburger Nele Isabell , Behrens Harald , Horn Ingo , Binnewies Michael 
Published: March 2017

Abstract:
Reaction with n-butyl lithium (BuLi) is commonly used to study the kinetics of intercalation of lithium in electrode materials for batteries. We performed lithium isotope exchange experiments on TiS2 single crystals as model system to determine the irreversible step in the intercalation process. Single crystals of TiS2 were prepared by chemical vapor transport and intercalated by lithium with natural isotopic signature (7% 6Li 93% 7Li) using a 2.5 molar solution of BuLi in hexane. Crystals were homogenized at 313 K in a dry argon atmosphere for 1–2 months and then exposed for several days to ~1 molar BuLi solution enriched in the light lithium isotope (95% 6Li, 5% 7Li). After the isotopic exchange experiments concentration profiles of the isotopes were measured parallel to the a/b-plane of the crystal using Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Profiles show that already intercalated lithium isotopes can be completely exchanged without significant increase in total lithium content. This observation implies that, after adsorption of BuLi at the crystal surface, the butyl radical can freely jump from one lithium atom to a neighbouring one. The jump sequence is either finished by desorption of a BuLi molecule or by combination of two adjacent butyl radicals forming an octane molecule or other kinds of deactivation of butyl radicals. The latter step is irreversible. Self diffusion coefficients determined by fitting of the lithium isotope profiles are in good agreement with chemical diffusivities determined by lithium intercalation experiments.
Quantitation and Adsorption of Glyphosate Using Various Treated Clay
Authors: Mattos Rodrigo , Khan Sabir , Hussain Sajjad , de Alencar Simoni José 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe objective of this work is to develop a low-cost, alternative UV-visible Spectrophotometer method using ninhydrin to the current chromatography techniques (GC and HPLC), which is usually use for the quantitation of glyphosate. The physico-chemical characterization, such as adsorption capacities, effect of time and temperature has been studied. The reaction between the ninhydrin and compounds that present NH2group, which leading to the formation of a solution of blue coloration, has been analyzed by spectrophotometrically at 570 nm. The experimental data demonstrate equilibrium statistics, were well fitted to Langmuir isotherm. Adsorption kinetics of glyphosate on the adsorbent has been also analyzed by pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The adsorption process is favored by acidic pH and followed the second-order kinetics. It was found that adsorption as a function of temperature, increase the temperature, decreases the adsorption. The isotherms shows the adsorption tendency like Arg-Na<Arg-Ca<Arg-Zn<Arg-Al, Arg-Cu with the variation of pH, it was found that at pH 6.5 has greater adsorption than pH 3.0. The important information which has been obtained from this work is to perform adsorption isotherms of glyphosate in clay soils with different metals such as Sodium, Calcium, Zinc, Copper (II) and Aluminum (Na+, Ca2+, Zn2+,Cu2+and Al3+) in terms of models under different conditions of pH and temperature. It is noted that the rates of adsorption initially are fast and reached to maximum capacity up to 24 h in clay soil with sodium.
«Exigeant(e) et convivial(e). Doté d’un leadership affirmé»: Herausforderungen der geschlechtergerechten Formulierung von Stellenanzeigen
Authors: Lobin Antje 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBased on a corpus comprising 109 French job advertisements of leadership positions, the article focusses on the questions of whether and to what extent the gender sensitive language has been implemented. The findings that have emerged from this corpus-based investigation can be summarised as follows: Regarding the mere job title, women are co-addressed more or less explicitly in 98,2 % of cases. Frequently, however, women are solely addressed by the marker