bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-main-sequence Evolution of Icy Minor Planets. II. Water Retention and White Dwarf Pollution around Massive Progenitor Stars
Authors: Malamud Uri , Perets Hagai B. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Most studies suggest that the pollution of white dwarf (WD) atmospheres arises from the accretion of minor planets, but the exact properties of polluting material, and in particular the evidence for water in some cases, are not yet understood. Here we study the water retention of small icy bodies in exo-solar planetary systems, as their respective host stars evolve through and off the main sequence and eventually become WDs. We explore, for the first time, a wide range of star masses and metallicities. We find that the mass of the WD progenitor star is of crucial importance for the retention of water, while its metallicity is relatively unimportant. We predict that minor planets around lower-mass WD progenitors would generally retain more water and would do so at closer distances from the WD than compared with high-mass progenitors. The dependence of water retention on progenitor mass and other parameters has direct implications for the origin of observed WD pollution, and we discuss how our results and predictions might be tested in the future as more observations of WDs with long cooling ages become available.
The Parametric Decay Instability of Alfvén Waves in Turbulent Plasmas and the Applications in the Solar Wind
Authors: Shi Mijie , Li Hui , Xiao Chijie , Wang Xiaogang 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We perform three-dimensional ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations to study the parametric decay instability (PDI) of Alfvén waves in turbulent plasmas and explore its possible applications in the solar wind. We find that, over a broad range of parameters in background turbulence amplitudes, the PDI of an Alfvén wave with various amplitudes can still occur, though its growth rate in turbulent plasmas tends to be lower than both the theoretical linear theory prediction and that in the non-turbulent situations. Spatial–temporal FFT analyses of density fluctuations produced by the PDI match well with the dispersion relation of the slow MHD waves. This result may provide an explanation of the generation mechanism of slow waves in the solar wind observed at 1 au. It further highlights the need to explore the effects of density variations in modifying the turbulence properties as well as in heating the solar wind plasmas.
Dynamics of Porous Dust Aggregates and Gravitational Instability of Their Disk
Authors: Michikoshi Shugo , Kokubo Eiichiro 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We consider the dynamics of porous icy dust aggregates in a turbulent gas disk and investigate the stability of the disk. We evaluate the random velocity of porous dust aggregates by considering their self-gravity, collisions, aerodynamic drag, turbulent stirring, and scattering due to gas. We extend our previous work by introducing the anisotropic velocity dispersion and the relaxation time of the random velocity. We find the minimum mass solar nebula model to be gravitationally unstable if the turbulent viscosity parameter α is less than about

. The upper limit of α for the onset of gravitational instability is derived as a function of the disk parameters. We discuss the implications of the gravitational instability for planetesimal formation.
Measuring Velocities in the Early Stage of an Eruption: Using “Overlappogram” Data from Hinode EIS
Authors: Harra Louise K. , Hara Hirohisa , Doschek George A. , Matthews Sarah , Warren Harry , Culhane J. Leonard , Woods Magnus M. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In order to understand the onset phase of a solar eruption, plasma parameter measurements in the early phases are key to constraining models. There are two current instrument types that allow us to make such measurements: narrow-band imagers and spectrometers. In the former case, even narrow-band filters contain multiple emission lines, creating some temperature confusion. With imagers, however, rapid cadences are achievable and the field of view can be large. Velocities of the erupting structures can be measured by feature tracking. In the spectrometer case, slit spectrometers can provide spectrally pure images by “rastering” the slit to build up an image. This method provides limited temporal resolution, but the plasma parameters can be accurately measured, including velocities along the line of sight. Both methods have benefits and are often used in tandem. In this paper we demonstrate for the first time that data from the wide slot on the Hinode EUV Imaging Spectrometer, along with imaging data from AIA, can be used to deconvolve velocity information at the start of an eruption, providing line-of-sight velocities across an extended field of view. Using He ii 256 Å slot data at flare onset, we observe broadening or shift(s) of the emission line of up to ±280 km s−1. These are seen at different locations—the redshifted plasma is seen where the hard X-ray source is later seen (energy deposition site). In addition, blueshifted plasma shows the very early onset of the fast rise of the filament.
Tidally Induced Bars in Dwarf Galaxies on Different Orbits around a Milky Way-like Host
Authors: Gajda Grzegorz , Łokas Ewa L. , Athanassoula E. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Bars in galaxies may develop through a global instability or as a result of an interaction with another system. We study bar formation in disky dwarf galaxies orbiting a Milky Way-like galaxy. We employ N-body simulations to study the impact of the initial orbital parameters: the size of the dwarf galaxy orbit, and the inclination of its disk with respect to the orbital plane. In all cases, a bar develops in the center of the dwarf during the first pericenter on its orbit around the host. Between subsequent pericenter passages, the bars are stable, but at the pericenters, they are usually weakened and shortened. The initial properties and details of the further evolution of the bars depend heavily on the orbital configuration. We find that for the exactly prograde orientation, the strongest bar is formed for the intermediate-sized orbit. On the tighter orbit, the disk is too disturbed and stripped to form a strong bar. On the wider orbit, the tidal interaction is too weak. The dependence on the disk inclination is such that weaker bars form in more inclined disks. The bars experience either a very weak buckling or none at all. We do not observe any secular evolution, possibly because the dwarfs are perturbed at each pericenter passage. The rotation speed of the bars can be classified as slow (R
CR/l
bar ∼ 2–3). We attribute this to the loss of a significant fraction of the disk rotation during the encounter with the host galaxy.
A Radio-to-mm Census of Star-forming Galaxies in Protocluster 4C23.56 at Z = 2.5: Gas Mass and Its Fraction Revealed with ALMA
Authors: Lee Minju M. , Tanaka Ichi , Kawabe Ryohei , Kohno Kotaro , Kodama Tadayuki , Kajisawa Masaru , Yun Min S. , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Iono Daisuke , Tamura Yoichi , Hatsukade Bunyo , Umehata Hideki , Saito Toshiki , Izumi Takuma , Aretxaga Itziar , Tadaki Ken-ichi , Zeballos Milagros , Ikarashi Soh , Wilson Grant W. , Hughes David H. , Ivison R. J. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We investigate gas contents of star-forming galaxies associated with protocluster 4C23.56 at z = 2.49 by using the redshifted CO (3–2) and 1.1 mm dust continuum with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. The observations unveil seven CO detections out of 22 targeted Hα emitters (HAEs) and four out of 19 in 1.1 mm dust continuum. They have high stellar mass (

M
⊙) and exhibit a specific star-formation rate typical of main-sequence star-forming galaxies at

. Different gas-mass estimators from CO (3–2) and 1.1 mm yield consistent values for simultaneous detections. The gas mass (

) and gas fraction (

) are comparable to those of field galaxies, with

))

, where

is the CO-to-H2 conversion factor and A(Z) is the additional correction factor for the metallicity dependence of

, and

from CO (3–2). Our measurements place a constraint on the cosmic gas density of high-z protoclusters, indicating that the protocluster is characterized by a gas density higher than that of the general fields by an order of magnitude. We found

with the CO(3–2) detections. The five ALMA CO detections occur in the region of highest galaxy surface density, where the density positively correlates with global star-forming efficiency (SFE) and stellar mass. Such correlations possibly indicate a critical role of the environment on early galaxy evolution at high-z protoclusters, though future observations are necessary for confirmation.
TeV Cosmic-Ray Anisotropy from the Magnetic Field at the Heliospheric Boundary
Authors: López-Barquero V. , Xu S. , Desiati P. , Lazarian A. , Pogorelov N. V. , Yan H. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We performed numerical calculations to test the suggestion by Desiati and Lazarian that the anisotropies of TeV cosmic rays may arise from their interactions with the heliosphere. For this purpose, we used a magnetic field model of the heliosphere and performed direct numerical calculations of particle trajectories. Unlike earlier papers testing the idea, we did not employ time-reversible techniques that are based on Liouville’s theorem. We showed numerically that for scattering by the heliosphere, the conditions of Liouville’s theorem are not satisfied, and the adiabatic approximation and time-reversibility of the particle trajectories are not valid. Our results indicate sensitivity to the magnetic structure of the heliospheric magnetic field, and we expect that this will be useful for probing this structure in future research.
Wolfâ€™s Panniculitis
Authors: Chokoeva Anastasiya Atanasova , Tchernev Georgi 
Published: June 2017

A 28-year-old male patient, presented with a one-week history of pain and itching on the skin of the left upper leg. Erythematous indurated, warm and painful on palpation, subcutaneous plaques and nodules were clinically observed, affecting the skin of the left upper leg, within a recent black-wolf tattoo. The diagnosis of traumatic panniculitis with superposed bacterial infection, provoked by a wolf tattoo was made.Â The patient underwent 7-days systemic antibiotic treatment regimen and topical application of iodine povidone unguent under occlusion for 7 days. Significant alleviation of the subjective complaints was achieved within the first week, with a total clinical resolution of the symptoms. The role of the procedure as a source of trauma for subcutaneous inflammation (traumatic panniculitis) and the contamination of the equipment or the staff (infective panniculitis) in simultaneously triggering of the pathogenetic chain of the reported Wolfâ€™s panniculitis could be present.
Comparative Study of Clinical, Ultrasonographic, Conventional Imaging, and Ultra-Wide-Field Fundus for Measurements of the Longest Basal Diameter of Choroidal Tumors
Authors: Ayres Bernadete , Stacey Andrew , Grant Joshua , McClendon Tanya , Demirci Hakan 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To compare the maximum basal diameter of choroidal tumors measured by clinical estimation and different imaging methods in intraocular tumors for therapeutic planning.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Retrospective, observational study reviewing the measurements of the longest basal diameter of choroidal tumors using the clinical estimation based on the indirect ophthalmoscopy, ophthalmic ultrasonography, 50° fundus imaging, ultra-wide-field imaging color composite, red laser, and green laser.

RESULTS:
The study included measurements of 74 tumors in 74 eyes. Correlation analysis between imaging measurements and clinical estimates led to following results: ultra-wide-field imaging measurements were 2.7% to 7.1% smaller than estimated clinical measurements by indirect ophthalmoscopy; followed by ultrasound, with 10.9% smaller measurements; and 50° fundus imaging, measuring 25.8% smaller than clinical estimates. When evaluating the precision of tumor measurements, ultrasound resulted in the highest precision, with a standard error of 1.6 mm compared to clinical estimates, followed by other imaging techniques with standard errors ranging from 2.4 mm to 3.0 mm. Determination of tumor margins with the ultrasound technique was better defined when subretinal fluid was present, or when the height of the tumor was greater than 3 mm.

CONCLUSION:
The authors' results suggest that measurements of the longest basal diameter of choroidal tumors can be accurately performed with ultrasound and ultra-wide-field color composite or red laser images. In the presence of subretinal fluid or tumor height above 3 mm, ultrasound can better delineate tumor margins.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2017;48:459–464.]
Generalised block bootstrap and its use in meteorology
Authors: Varga László , Zempléni András 
Published: June 2017

Abstract. In an earlier paper, Rakonczai et al.(2014) emphasised the importance of investigating the effective sample size in case of autocorrelated data. The simulations were based on the block bootstrap methodology. However, the discreteness of the usual block size did not allow for exact calculations. In this paper we propose a new generalisation of the block bootstrap methodology, which allows for any positive real number as expected block size. We relate it to the existing optimisation procedures and apply it to a temperature data set. Our other focus is on statistical tests, where quite often the actual sample size plays an important role, even in the case of relatively large samples. This is especially the case for copulas. These are used for investigating the dependencies among data sets. As in quite a few real applications the time dependence cannot be neglected, we investigated the effect of this phenomenon on the used test statistic. The critical value can be computed by the proposed new block bootstrap simulation, where the block size is determined by fitting a VAR model to the observations. The results are illustrated for models of the used temperature data.
DEVIATION FROM CLASSICAL ELASTICITY IN THE ACOUSTIC RESPONSE OF AUXETIC FOAMS
Authors: Guild M. D. , Walker C. N. , Calvo D. C. , Mott P. H. , Roland C. M. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Acoustic properties of an auxetic foam were measured to validate a previously proposed lower bound for Poisson's ratio, ν ≥ 1/5, inferred from classical two-parameter elasticity theory. This limit differs from the commonly reported lower limit of −1 for isotropic materials in the linear elastic range. For a foam measured to have a value of ν &gt; 0.2, agreement was found between the measured flexural resonance frequency of a disk sample and the theoretical value. On the other hand, for an auxetic sample (ν &lt; 0), the prediction from the two-parameter theory was significantly in error. Thus, for materials having ν &lt; 1/5 (auxetic foams, as well as very hard solids such as diamond, germanium, and fused quartz), the equations of classical elasticity are invalid.
Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty followed by Toric Lens Implantation for the Treatment of Concomitant Anterior Stromal Diseases and Cataract
Authors: Scorcia Vincenzo , Lucisano Andrea , Savoca Corona Vincenzo , De Luca Valentina , Carnevali Adriano , Busin Massimo 
Published: June 2017

Purpose To evaluate the outcomes of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) followed by phacoemulsification and toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation for the treatment of concomitant stromal disease and cataract. Methods In this retrospective non-comparative interventional case series, ten eyes affected by stromal disease and cataract underwent DALK followed by phacoemulsification with toric IOL implantation after a minimum period of 5 months from complete suture removal. In each case, topographic astigmatism, refraction, visual acuity, and endothelial cell density were recorded before DALK and 1, 6, and 12 months after cataract surgery. In addition, IOL rotation was evaluated using anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Results Big-bubble DALK was performed in all eyes but one that received manual dissection. Topographic astigmatism averaged 5.6 ± 2.2 diopters (D) after suture removal; refractive astigmatism decreased to 0.55 ± 0.61 D as early as one month after cataract surgery and did not change substantially throughout the follow-up period. In all patients, one month after phacoemulsification uncorrected and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity were, respectively, ≥20/40 and ≥20/25 with a residual spherical equivalent of 0.00 ± 0.84 D. At the latest follow-up visit, in all cases the IOL rotation was ≤5 degrees from the intended position and the endothelial cell loss within 8.5%. No complications were recorded. Conclusions DALK followed by phacoemulsification with toric IOL implantation optimizes visual and refractive outcomes in patients with concomitant stromal disease and cataract. In comparison with a combined procedure, the sequential approach offers better predictability of the postoperative refraction in the absence of an increased risk of complications.
Integrated Imaging of Avascular Serous Pigment Epithelium Detachment in Age-related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Querques Giuseppe , Pastore Marco R. , Khlifi Houda , Georges Anouk , Querques Lea , Souied Eric H. 
Published: June 2017

Introduction This study describes the imaging of avascular serous pigment epithelial detachment (PED) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients using confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods A total of 18 patients with avascular serous PED underwent assessment of best-corrected visual acuity, infrared (IR) reflectance, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and SD-OCT evaluation at baseline and at last follow-up visit. The imaging of avascular PED was compared with vascularized PED. Results A total of 23 eyes with 15.5 ± 6.4 months’ follow-up were included. Imaging revealed 3 features associated with avascular serous PED. A reticular pattern, highly reflective (IR), and hyperautofluorescent matching with a reticular area of decreased fluorescence (FA and ICGA) was constantly observed (23/23 eyes). This reticular pattern correlated on SD-OCT with dense hypereflective deposits beneath and within the sensory retina. This reticular pattern was observed in only 2/19 eyes with vascular serous PED (p<0.05). A sharp border of increased IR reflectance, matching with a halo of reduced fluorescence on both FAF and late FA frames, was observed in 23/23 eyes. This sharp border appeared as a sharp hypofluorescent border on late ICGA frames, and as an abrupt elevation of the retinal pigment epithelium on SD-OCT. Hyporeflective fluid beneath the foveal depression was observed in 17/23 (74%) eyes. Only 1/23 eyes developed choroidal neovascularization during the follow-up. Conclusions Integrated imaging shows peculiar features of avascular PED and possibly contributes to distinguishing this clinical identity from neovascular AMD.
Influence of Fasting followed by Acute Water Ingestion on Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness in Eyes of Healthy Subjects
Authors: Blanco-Garavito Rocio , Astroz Polina , Yves Cohen Salomon , Souied Eric H. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose To investigate the influence of at least 12 hours of fasting followed by acute water ingestion on macular choroidal thickness in eyes of healthy subjects. Methods Prospective case series study including healthy volunteers from April 1, 2015 to May 31, 2015. Macular choroidal thickness was measured on enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) and on swept-source (SS)-OCT after 12 hours of fasting, and 60 minutes after acute water ingestion (750 mL in 5 minutes). Results A total of 52 eyes of 26 healthy volunteers were included in this study. The mean age for participants was 32 years old. After 12 hours of fasting, the mean (±SD) subfoveal choroidal thickness was 335.43 (±104.82) μm on EDI-OCT and 286.16 (±80.32) μm on SS-OCT. The mean (±SD) subfoveal choroidal thickness after acute water intake was 352.32 (±120.36) μm and 290.5 (±85.86) μm, respectively. There was no significant difference between the mean subfoveal thickness at baseline and 60 minutes after acute water ingestion for any of the choroidal imaging techniques (p = 0.1386 for EDI-OCT and p = 0.0659 for SS-OCT). Conclusions These results suggest that choroidal circulation can physiologically quickly adapt to systemic vascular changes in healthy eyes. Choroidal thickness did not depend upon the hydration status for the subjects participating in this study.
Servicing the Mediterranean Empire: Non-state Actors and Maritime Logistics in Antiquity
Authors: Gambash Gil 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
This article highlights the intense involvement of non-state actors in the development and maintenance of maritime logistics in antiquity. Among their many other functions, non-state actors also came to serve the various needs of central Mediterranean forces, such as the Persian, Hellenistic, and Roman empires. While the arbitrary, opportunistic nature of this process is emphasized, notions of imperial grand strategy are found to be less important and are ultimately dismissed.
Navigating Modernity: Lessons in Government and Statecraft in Precolonial Morocco
Authors: Terem Etty 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
This article examines two letters of political advice written in 1911 by the Moroccan scholar Muḥammad al-Ḥajwī to the reigning Sultan 'Abd al-Ḥafīẓ. In his letters, al-Ḥajwī discussed the specific political, economic, and cultural difficulties facing Morocco during the first decade of the twentieth century, and offered a concrete program of reform designed to revitalize the state. My analysis explores al-Ḥajwī's discourse of political critique and delineates his reform initiative. By looking beyond the state and considering a project of reform conceived by a non-state actor, this article seeks to escape the limitations of a state-centered analytical framework and draws attention to the need to explore the ways in which other important political, economic, cultural forces in society negotiated the new historical conditions shaped by Moroccan modernity. I argue that al-Ḥajwī's letters underscore the dialectical nature of the modernization of Moroccan state and society. Al-Ḥajwī engaged the dramatic changes brought by modernity and introduced his understanding of becoming modern. I go further to argue that Moroccan modernization was a site of multiple, competing visions of reform resulting from debate and contestation.
Mediterranean Agriculture, Ecology, and Law: Creating a New Non-state Actor to Counteract Agro-ecological Collapse in the Mediterranean Basin
Authors: Head John W. , Marples Kate , Simpson Jon 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
The Mediterranean Basin faces severe ecological degradation: inappropriate agricultural and fishing practices have placed much of the area at risk of ecosystemic collapse. Climate change will intensify the crisis. To address this situation, the Mediterranean Basin should be the subject of a new supranational legal and institutional structure ensuring ecological restoration and agricultural reform, with sovereignty over “environmental” matters (broadly defined) resting not in each of the region's twenty-plus nation-states but rather in a novel supranational institution with legal personality and binding authority over existing national and subsidiary governmental agencies. This article summarizes the rationale, aims, structure, legitimacy, and operations of such a new non-state actor.