bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimentación, comportamiento y modelación de la tapia pisada
Authors: Afanador García Nelson , Carrascal Delgado Mayerly , Bayona Chinchilla Marvin Joseph 
Published: April 2016

<p>Las edificaciones consideradas patrimonio histórico de la nación son construcciones en tierra apisonada, levantadas por artesanos que ven en la tierra un material ambientalmente aconsejable para el uso en construcción, pero sin ningún análisis técnico de las propiedades físicomecánicas de la tapia pisada y de las solicitaciones a que se ve expuesta.<br />Este artículo presenta los principales resultados de una investigación que buscó determinar las propiedades físico-mecánicas y el comportamiento de los elementos estructurales que constituyen una construcción en tapia pisada, con los cuales se verificó y validó un modelo matemático para determinar el grado de vulnerabilidad del Complejo Histórico Gran Convención (Ocaña, Norte de Santander), usando técnicas de modelación en elementos finitos. Se encontró que esta edificación es altamente vulnerable a diferentes acciones. Mediante técnicas de cinética de secado se determinó el tiempo de fraguado de diferentes tamaños de especímenes, con el fin de establecer el tiempo de secado para muros realizados en tapia pisada con fines constructivos.</p>
Rendimiento cuántico de producción de radical hidroxilo por medidas de fluorescencia en el sistema TcPPFe/H2O2/ UV-VIS
Authors: Díaz-Uribe Carlos Enrique , Vallejo-Lozada William Andrés , Alvarado-Rueda Lizeth Johanna 
Published: April 2016

<p>El rendimiento cuántico de producción de radical hidroxilo (ФOH) fue medido desde la fotólisis del peróxido de hidrógeno (H2O2) catalizada por la tetracarboxifenilporfirina de hierro (III) (TCPPFe) bajo luz ultravioleta. ФOH fue determinado por medidas de fluorescencia delproducto de reacción entre el radical hidroxilo (HO●) y el tereftalato disódico. La TCPPFe presenta un ФOH=0,13, mientras que la reacción estándar de la fotólisis del H2O2, no catalizada, tiene un ФOH=0,11. La reacción no tiene lugar en ausencia de luz, pero en presencia de luz visible, H2O2 y TcPPFe generan HO●.</p>
Eficiencia algorítmica en aplicaciones de grafos orientadas a redes GMPLS
Authors: Herrera-Jiménez Simar Enrique , Salcedo-Parra Octavio José , Gallego-Torres Adriana Patricia 
Published: April 2016

<p>Los algoritmos utilizados en el desarrollo y aplicación de grafos hacen uso de recursos medibles en tiempo y espacio; al estudio de estos costos se le conoce como complejidad algorítmica; frecuentemente se hace uso de cualquier algoritmo al azar sin realizar un análisis de ellos en el ambiente en que se ejecutarán; el objetivo del presente artículo es hacer un análisis algorítmico en ambientes comunes, con el fin de generar estadísticas que evidencien la conveniencia del uso de algoritmos específicos.</p>
Estado del arte del análisis de gases disueltos en transformadores de potencia
Authors: Sarria-Arias Johana Tatiana , Guerrero-Bello Natalia Andrea , Rivas-Trujillo Edwin 
Published: April 2016

<p>Presenta el estado del arte de las técnicas Dornenburg, Gases Claves, Rogers y Duval, las más empleadas para evaluar la condición del aislamiento de los transformadores de potencia; técnicas basadas en el análisis de gases disueltos en el aceite (DGA) e interpretación de resultados.</p>
Effect of Silicon Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Chromium and Titanium Based Coatings
Authors: Ardila-Téllez Luis Carlos , Sánchez-Moreno José Manuel , Moreno-Téllez Carlos Mauricio 
Published: April 2016

<p>The changes in the microstructure, mechanical properties and residual stresses of AlTiN, AlTiSiN, AlCrN and AlCrSiN coatings, has been studied before and after annealing at 900 ºC and 1100 ºC, using scanning and transmission electron microscopy, along with nano-indentation and X-ray diffraction techniques. The As-deposited coatings show a columnar structure, with a crystallite size between 18 nm and 28 nm. Despite the silicon addition, no effect on the crystallite size refinement was observed.<br />However, the addition of silicon increases hardness, elastic modulus and compressive residual stresses. After annealing at 900 ºC, the crystallite size growth and the residual stress relaxes; therefore, the coating hardness decreases. At 1100 ºC, the oxide layers formed in AlTiN and AlTiSiN, which act as protective layers enhancing oxidation resistance; meanwhile, a complete oxidation of AlCrN and AlCrSiN coatings take place. The Titanium based coatings present some superior mechanical properties and oxidation resistance than the chromium based coatings at 900 ºC and 1100 ºC.</p>
Relación entre la petrografía del carbón y el contenido de gases en la cuenca de Amagá (Antioquia, Colombia)
Authors: Mariño-Martínez Jorge Eliécer , Mojica-Amaya Angélica 
Published: April 2016

<p>Se investigó la influencia de los macerales con contenido de gas en muestras de tres pozos. Además de estudiar la composición maceral, se determinó la reflectancia de la vitrinita (Ro) y los análisis próximos. Se concluyó que el contenido de vitrinita en los pozos excede a los de la inertinita y a la liptinita, alcanzando un valor del 94%, con el rango de carbón bituminoso de alta volatilidad. Por su parte, el contenido de gas va de unos mínimos valores hasta alcanzar los 100 pies3/ton. En los pozos con presencia de intrusivos se observa una dispersión y una relación no lineal entre las variables. Cerca de los intrusivos aumentan los valores de Ro hasta cerca de 5. Donde no hay intrusivos se nota un incremento lineal entre contenidos de gas y Ro con el aumento de la profundidad. Los factores más influyentes en la cueca son Ro, % de vitrinita e intrusiones.</p>
Integración de un sistema de neuroseñales para detectar expresiones en el análisis de material multimedia
Authors: Moreno-Cueva Luz Ángela , Peña-Cortés César Augusto , González-Sepúlveda Herney 
Published: April 2016

<p align="justify">Presenta los avances realizados en la integración de un dispositivo comercial de bajo costo para capturar neuroseñales, con el fin de registrar expresiones de un usuario de material multimedia. Todas las personas adoptan diversos tipos de expresiones al ver televisión, películas, comerciales u otros textos. Ejemplos de estas expresiones son: apretar los dientes en escenas de suspenso; mover la cabeza hacia atrás cuando se da la sensación de arrojar un objeto hacia fuera de la pantalla en películas 3D; desviar la mirada en las escenas de terror; sonreír en comerciales emotivos; dar carcajadas en escenas de humor, e incluso quedarse dormido por el desinterés. La idea general de este sistema es capturar todas estas expresiones en conjunto, con señales emotivas tales como el nivel de atención, frustración y meditación, para que los expertos en creación del material multimedia puedan realizar un análisis y mejorar sus productos. Se presentan pruebas experimentales que evidencian el buen funcionamiento del sistema.</p>
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BIOACTIVE PEPTIDES AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF HONEY BEE (Apis nigrocincta) SMITH VENOM, ENDEMIC TO SULAWESI
Authors: Semuel Mokosuli Yermia , Repi Rudi Alexander 
Published: April 2016

pis nigrocincta Smith is a species of honey bee cavity nesting, endemic to Sulawesi. Research that aims to find the composition of the bioactive content of peptides and antibacterial activity of honey bee venom A. nigrocincta Smith has been conducted. Honey bee venom composition was analyzed using Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) Method and Spectrophotometer UV-Vis Method. Analysis of antibacterial activity, was conducted using a modified agar diffusion method. The results showed that the venom of the honey bee Apis nigrocinctaSmith has five bands of molecules with a molecular weight i.e. 33.54kDa; 21 kDa and 15.43 kDa. The peptide detected were hyaluronidase, fosfolipase A, mellitin, lysofosfolipase or antigen 5. Antibacterial activity was higher than the control ampisilin and antibiotic streptomycin.
Special Issue on Crisis Management Following Tokyo Metropolitan Near Field Earthquake Disaster
Authors: Hayashi Haruo 
Published: April 2016

1. Introduction
It is expected that Tokyo Metropolitan area and her vicinity may be jolted by a devastating earthquake with a 70% chance for the next 30 years.
If it happens, an unprecedented scale of damage and losses may follow. With the severity of possible consequences due to this earthquake, a special project, entitled as “Special Project for Metropolitan Earthquake DisasterMitigation in Tokyo Metropolitan Area” (2007-2011), is commissioned by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan (MEXT), This special project consists of three subprojects; Seismology, Earthquake Engineering, and Crisis Management and Recovery.
In this issue of JDR, we will introduce 10 papers produced as a series of the achievements from the subproject on Crisis Management and Recovery.
This subproject considers Tokyo Metropolitan Earthquake as a national crisis occurred in the Tokyo metropolitan area.
All the available knowledge of disaster researchers should be gathered from nationwide, including both emergency response and long-term recovery to minimize damage and losses.
This project examines measures for improving the capacity for the people from disaster management organizations to react to crisis and help rebuilding life recovery of disaster victims. An information-sharing platform will be proposed to comprehensively manage individual disaster response and recovery measures. “Training and exercise systems” will be introduced to empower local capacity to mitigate and recover from disaster by integrating all of the project achievements among stakeholders. The final goal of this project is to make ourselves prepared for help the anticipated 25 million victims at most due to Tokyo Metropolitan earthquake.
Building Passive Control in Japan
Authors: Kasai Kazuhiko ,   Professor, Structural Engineering Research Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan, Nakai Masayoshi , Nakamura Yutaka , Asai Hidekatsu , Suzuki Yousuke , Ishii Masato ,   General Manager, Advanced Structural Engineering Department, Takenaka Corporation, Japan,   Chief Research Engineer, Institute of Technology, Shimizu Corporation,   Deputy Manager, Technical Research Institute, Obayashi Corporation,   Chief, Advanced Structural Engineering Department, Takenaka Corporation, Japan,   Senior Engineer, Structural Engineering Department, Nikken Sekkei Ltd., Japan
Published: April 2016

This paper discusses the following three key issues on passive control using dampers for seismic protection of buildings:1 Major experimental research on passive control of buildings: Tests using the world’s largest shaking table “E-Defense” from March to April 2009 evaluated a full-scale 5-story steel building with and without dampers. 2 Codes and specifications: The Japanese building code requires that the nonlinear time history analysis be performed for buildings with dampers or that energy-based analysis be conducted when steel dampers are used. Unlike code rules leading to iterative design, the specifications of the Japan Society of Seismic Isolation (JSSI) give direct design method (DDM) for target performance set by designers. 3 Damage-free structure and its design: Backed by government support, a large team of researchers and designers has developed a structure damage-free against a catastrophic earthquake, using dampers and super-high-strength steel frames. The structure and its design rule using DDM are being studied for inclusion in projected code.
Our Social Activities Are Always Related to Outbreaks of Infectious Diseases
Authors: Saijo Masayuki 
Published: April 2016

Thanks to the improvement of living standard and hygiene as well as to the development of the therapeutics, such as antimicrobial agents, diagnostics, vaccines, the mortality and morbidity rates due to infectious diseases have been dramatically improved in developed countries. However, the mortality and morbidity of infectious diseases, respiratory and gastrointestinal tract infections are still very high and the leading causes of fatalities in developing countries. Furthermore, emerging and reemerging infections frequently occur locally and internationally. For instance, the 2009 influenza virus A/H1N1-associated pandemic has emerged and raised public anxiety levels. It is evident that we live in an environment in which infectious diseases are commonly transmitted. Human activities are closely related to the emergence of newly identified infectious diseases.
In this issue, the background of the emergence and reemergence of infectious diseases is reviewed. The infectious diseases that might raise public anxiety, such as Nipah encephalitis, rabies, and influenza are focused on and reviewed. The influenza pandemic and imported infectious diseases, which may cross borders, are also reviewed. Infectious diseases associated with natural disasters are reviewed for the sake of future preparedness. The hemorrhagic fevers, such as Ebola and Marburg hemorrhagic fevers, cause severe infections and have very high mortality rates. The diagnostic systems developed for viral hemorrhagic fevers developed in Japan are introduced. The international situation regarding the development of biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) laboratories is introduced. In the review, it is emphasized that BSL-4 laboratories should be operated in Japan, although viral hemorrhagic fevers are not prevalent in Japan. Furthermore, preparedness strategies for large-scale outbreaks of infectious diseases are presented.
I believe these papers will help preparations against the infectious diseases associated with disastrous events. I would be very glad if the readers understood the background of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases and noticed that efficacious preparedness for such infections diseases, preparedness based on the scientific studies and empirical evidence, is urgently required.
Finally, I sincerely appreciate the contributions by the authors of and the reviewers for the papers, which appear in this issue of the journal, Journal of Disaster Research.
Special Issue on Crisis Management and Recovery Following Tokyo Metropolitan Near Field Earthquake Disaster
Authors: Hayashi Haruo , Tamura Keiko , Inoguchi Munenari 
Published: April 2016

It is expected that Tokyo Metropolitan area and her vicinity may be jolted by a devastating earthquake with a 70% chance for the next 30 years. The worstcase scenario for Tokyo Metropolitan earthquake is a M7.3 earthquake beneath northern Tokyo Bay. According to the Central Disaster Prevention Council, A total of 12,000 people will be dead and economic losses will exceed 112 trillion yen. Areas with a seismic intensity of JMA 6 – and more will include Tokyo, Chiba, Saitama, and Kanagawa, resulting in 25 million victims – 20% of Japan’s total population. No country has not experienced such a large-scale earthquake in recorded history, but it does not mean such a disaster will not occur. In order to cope with such an unprecedented disaster, we must face and solve a lot of new problems in addition to all of existing problems appeared in the past disasters. Thus it is mandatory to take a holistic approach to implement effectively and seamlessly emergency response, relief, and long-term recovery.
With the severity of possible consequences due to this earthquake, a special project, entitled as “Special Project for Earthquake Disaster Mitigation in Tokyo Metropolitan Area” (2007-2011), is commissioned by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan (MEXT), This special project consists of three subprojects; Seismology, Earthquake Engineering, and Crisis Management and Recovery. This subproject considers Tokyo Metropolitan Earthquake as a national crisis occurred in the Tokyo metropolitan area. All the available knowledge of disaster researchers should be gathered from nationwide, including both emergency response and long-term recovery to minimize damage and losses. This project examines measures for improving the capacity for the people from disaster management organizations to react to crisis and help rebuilding life recovery of disaster victims. An information-sharing platform will be proposed to comprehensively manage individual disaster response and recovery measures. “Training and exercise systems” will be introduced to empower local capacity to mitigate and recover from disaster by integrating all of the project achievements among stakeholders. The final goal of this project is to make ourselves prepared for help the anticipated 25 million victims at most due to Tokyo Metropolitan earthquake.
In this issue of JDR, we will introduce 10 papers from the subproject on Crisis Management and Recovery as a part of the achievements of this subproject for the last five years.
Extreme Weather and Water-Related Disasters: A Key Issue for the Sustainability and Survivability of Our Society
Authors: Takara Kaoru 
Published: April 2016

1. Extreme Weather and Water-Related Disasters
Extreme weather events frequently take place in many parts of the world, causing various kinds of water-related disasters such as windstorms, floods, high tides, debris flows, droughts, and water-quality issues. This is a key issue for the sustainability and survivability of our society.
The Asian and Pacific region is one of the most disaster-prone areas in the world. It is very adversely affected by natural hazards such as cyclones and typhoons and tsunami caused by earthquakes and volcanic eruptions under the sea. These natural hazards bring severe disasters to all countries in the region where social change, in terms of population and economic growth, is the most dynamic in the world.
Growth in this region of the world has not, however, led to advances in disaster risk management. The situation is getting worse because infrastructure development cannot keep up with growth. Policies for poverty reduction and alleviation are insufficient and the difference between being rich and being poor is increasing.
Vulnerable populations are often those hit worst by hazards and disasters. As the world’s cities expand to occupy ever greater portions of the world’s flood plains, riversides and shorelines, the risk of flooding will continue to outpace both structural and nonstructural mitigation efforts.
“A natural hazard strikes when persons lose their memory of the previous one.” This quotation is from Dr. Torahiko Terada (1878-1935), a former Professor of the University of Tokyo who influenced many Japanese persons as an educator, physicist and philosopher. Persons tend to forget bad memories if they do not experience a similar event for a long time. This lack of experience and ignorance increases the vulnerability of society to disasters.
Special Issue on Dual Use
Authors: Yoshikura Hiroshi 
Published: April 2016

“Dual use” can be defined as potential use of science and technology for destructive purpose as well as for constructive purposes. While the history of the dual use is long (such as, debate on atomic energy), after the anthrax incident in the wake of the terrorist attack of World Trade Center in New York on September 2001, “dual use” issue surfaced as the matter of “biosecurity.” The debate on biosecurity was further ignited by the US National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity’s recommendation on the publication of experiments dealing with the host range expansion of the avian influenza virus H5N1.
The present special issue deals with the “dual use” mainly from the “biosecurity” view point, including the bioweapon and its history, biosecurity negotiation in the Biological Weapon Convention, regulatory framework of use of pathogens and its implementation, ethical issues, education of the “dual use” issues for life scientists, the feasibility of direct application of the published data to the dual use and the recent progress of synthetic biology and its biosecurity implication.
The present guest editor wishes that these articles will stimulate debate on “dual use” issues in various branches of science and technology, as he realizes that “dual use” issue is becoming prominent not only in microbiological researches but also in other activities, such as, IT, robotics, neuroscience, psychology, economics, etc. He extends his sincere thanks to all of the contributors and reviewers involved with these articles.
Special Issue on “Urban Resilience” for Mega Earthquake Disasters
Authors: Hayashi Haruo , Suzuki Shingo 
Published: April 2016

Tokyo Metropolitan Earthquake and Nankai Trough Earthquakes predicted to hit Japan in the near future makes it urgent that the impact of urban earthquake disasters be reduced by every means possible.
To promote research to this end, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan launched a Special Project for Reducing Vulnerability for UrbanMega Earthquake Disasters in 2012 as a five-year R&D effort embracing three academic disciplines – earth and physical sciences, structural engineering, and social sciences. This project in turn consists of three subprojects – Subproject on the earthquake hazard mechanism and risk evaluation of southern Kanto region, Subproject to develop rapid damage assessment and recovery technology of urban function, and Subproject to develop resilient society improving disaster management competence.
This special issue features findings and achievements from this last subproject, whose goal is to enhance society’s resilience based on the experiences and lessons of the 1995 Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster that crippled Kobe, the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake Disaster that prostrated Japan’s northeastern Pacific coast and other such disasters.
Concretely speaking, by integrating the wisdom of disaster management researchers nationwide and collaborating with other subprojects, this subproject proposes disseminating disaster information technologies and training methodologies to build up disaster preparedness. This, in turn, is aided by improving disaster literacy and competence among both the general public and disaster management personnel.
Focusing on the three major metropolitan areas of Tokyo, Nagoya, and Osaka, where two-thirds of Japan’s population and three-fourths of the nation’s total assets are concentrated, Web-based disaster information management and dissemination services are being proposed and examined for effectiveness through demonstration experiments and social implementation.
In this issue of JDR, we are introducing 11 papers and reports from researchers involved in this subproject to present initial interim findings and progress during the first half of this five-year effort. In doing so, the authors and editors of this issue gratefully acknowledge the generous financial support of MEXT in these studies.