bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of whole-body vibration exercise in preventing falls and fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jepsen Ditte Beck , Thomsen Katja , Hansen Stinus , Jørgensen Niklas Rye , Masud Tahir , Ryg Jesper 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of whole-body vibration exercise (WBV) on fracture risk in adults ≥50 years of age.DesignA systematic review and meta-analysis calculating relative risk ratios, fall rate ratio and absolute weighted mean difference using random effects models. Heterogeneity was estimated using I2statistics, and the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool and the GRADE approach were used to evaluate quality of evidence and summarise conclusions.Data sourcesThe databases PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register from inception to April 2016 and reference lists of retrieved publications.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesRandomised controlled trials examining the effect of WBV on fracture risk in adults ≥50 years of age. The primary outcomes were fractures, fall rates and the proportion of participants who fell. Secondary outcomes were bone mineral density (BMD), bone microarchitecture, bone turnover markers and calcaneal broadband attenuation (BUA).Results15 papers (14 trials) met the inclusion criteria. Only one study had fracture data reporting a non-significant fracture reduction (risk ratio (RR)=0.47, 95% CI 0.14 to 1.57, P=0.22) (moderate quality of evidence). Four studies (n=746) showed that WBV reduced the rate of falls with a rate ratio of 0.67 (95% CI 0.50 to 0.89, P=0.0006; I2=19%) (moderate quality of evidence). Furthermore, data from three studies (n=805) found a trend towards falls reduction (RR=0.76, 95% CI 0.48 to 1.20, P=0.24; I2=24%) (low quality of evidence). Finally, moderate to low quality of evidence showed no overall effect on BMD and only sparse data were available regarding microarchitecture parameters, bone turnover markers and BUA.ConclusionsWBV reduces fall rate but seems to have no overall effect on BMD or microarchitecture. The impact of WBV on fractures requires further larger adequately powered studies. This meta-analysis suggests that WBV may prevent fractures by reducing falls.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016036320; Pre-results.
Increased middle cerebral artery mean blood flow velocity index after stroke thrombectomy indicates increased risk for intracranial hemorrhage
Authors: Kneihsl Markus , Niederkorn Kurt , Deutschmann Hannes , Enzinger Christian , Poltrum Birgit , Fischer Renate , Thaler Daniela , Hermetter Christina , Wünsch Gerit , Fazekas Franz , Gattringer Thomas 
Published: December 2017

Background and purposeCerebral hyperperfusion has been related to the risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in stroke patients after vessel recanalization therapy. We hypothesized that after successful mechanical thrombectomy for acute anterior circulation stroke, hemodynamics detectable by transcranial Duplex (TCD) sonography would vary, and that increased blood flow velocities would be associated with ICH.MethodsWe retrospectively identified all ischemic stroke patients with successful endovascular recanalization for anterior circulation vessel occlusion (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b–3) between 2010 and 2017. We reviewed their postinterventional TCD examinations for mean blood flow (MBF) velocities of the recanalized and contralateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) and searched for an association with postinterventional ICH and clinical outcome.Results123 stroke patients (mean age 63±14 years, 40% women) with successful anterior circulation thrombectomy were analyzed. Of those, 18 patients had postinterventional ICH. ICH patients had an increased MCA MBF velocity index (=MBF velocity of the recanalized divided by the contralateral MCA) compared with non-ICH patients (1.32±0.39 vs 1.02±0.32, P<0.001). In multivariate analysis, a higher MCA MBF velocity index was associated with postinterventional ICH and poor 90 day outcome.ConclusionsA high MCA MBF velocity index on TCD after successful recanalization therapy for anterior circulation stroke indicates a risk for postinterventional ICH and worse prognosis.
Real-world burden of comorbidities in US patients with psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Shah Kamal , Paris Maria , Mellars Lillian , Changolkar Arun , Mease Philip J 
Published: December 2017

ObjectivesWe assessed comorbidities associated with psoriatic arthritis in a broad cohort of US-insured adult patients using the Truven Health Analytics MarketScan Database.MethodsPrevalence and incidence rates were assessed for 28 comorbid conditions among adult patients in the MarketScan database with a diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis and having two or more health claims for psoriatic arthritis between 1 July 2008 and 31 July 2015. Findings were compared with those of a similar, previously published analysis of patients with psoriasis.ResultsAmong a total of 186 552 patients with a diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis, 94 302 had two or more health claims for psoriatic arthritis during the study period and were included in the comorbidity analysis. The prevalence and incidence rates of the most common comorbidities were 47.5% and 35.0% for hyperlipidaemia, respectively; 47.3% and 31.3% for hypertension; 21.2% and 15.4% for depression; 20.2% and 13.5% for type 2 diabetes mellitus; and 16.6% and 12.4% for fibromyalgia. Patients with psoriatic arthritis had notably higher incidence rates of uveitis, fibromyalgia, osteoporosis, Crohn’s disease and non-alcoholic liver disease than patients with psoriasis.ConclusionThis observational retrospective analysis using the MarketScan database provides real-world health claims data on the prevalence and incidence of comorbidities in a large US patient population with psoriatic arthritis. The observed high cardiometabolic comorbidity rates align with those reported in the literature and may help healthcare providers in the comprehensive management of patients with psoriatic arthritis.
Secukinumab provides sustained improvements in the signs and symptoms of active ankylosing spondylitis with high retention rate: 3-year results from the phase III trial, MEASURE 2
Authors: Marzo-Ortega Helena , Sieper Joachim , Kivitz Alan , Blanco Ricardo , Cohen Martin , Delicha Evie-Maria , Rohrer Susanne , Richards Hanno 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundSecukinumab treatment has previously been shown to significantly improve the signs and symptoms of active ankylosing spondylitis (AS), with responses sustained through 2 years. Here, we report the long-term (3 years) efficacy and safety of secukinumab in the MEASURE 2 study.MethodsMEASURE 2 (NCT01649375) is a 5-year phase III, randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of subcutaneous loading and maintenance dosing of secukinumab in adult subjects with active AS. Subjects were randomised to receive subcutaneous secukinumab 150 mg, 75 mg or placebo at baseline, weeks 1, 2 and 3 and every 4 weeks from week 4. At week 16, placebo-treated subjects were rerandomised to receive secukinumab 150/75 mg.ResultsRetention rates were high during weeks 16–156 and were 86% and 76% for secukinumab 150 and 75 mg, respectively. Secukinumab 150 mg provided sustained improvements in the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society ASAS 20/40 response rates at week 156 (70.1%/60.9%) compared with week 52 (74.2%/57.0%); however, there was a slight decrease for secukinumab 75 mg (54.3%/37.0% vs 62.5%/43.2%, respectively). Sustained improvements were observed in all other end points, including Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, AS Disease Activity Score with C reactive protein inactive disease, ASAS 5/6, Short Form-36 Physical Component Summary and ASAS partial remission. Clinical benefits were observed regardless of prior exposure to anti-tumour necrosis factor agents. The safety profile remained favourable and was consistent with previous reports.ConclusionsThis study showed sustained improvement through 3 years in signs, symptoms and physical function in subjects with AS. Retention rates were high and secukinumab was well tolerated, with a favourable safety profile.
Sphingolipid Metabolic Pathway Impacts Thiazide Diuretics Blood Pressure Response: Insights From Genomics, Metabolomics, and Lipidomics
Authors: Shahin Mohamed H. , Gong Yan , Frye Reginald F. , Rotroff Daniel M. , Beitelshees Amber L. , Baillie Rebecca A. , Chapman Arlene B. , Gums John G. , Turner Stephen T. , Boerwinkle Eric , Motsinger‐Reif Alison , Fiehn Oliver , Cooper‐DeHoff Rhonda M. , Han Xianlin , Kaddurah‐Daouk Rima , Johnson Julie A. 
Published: December 2017

Background

Although hydrochlorothiazide (
HCTZ
) is a well‐established first‐line antihypertensive in the United States, <50% of
HCTZ
treated patients achieve blood pressure (
BP
) control. Thus, identifying biomarkers that could predict the
BP
response to
HCTZ
is critically important. In this study, we utilized metabolomics, genomics, and lipidomics to identify novel pathways and biomarkers associated with
HCTZ BP
response.

Methods and Results

First, we conducted a pathway analysis for 13 metabolites we recently identified to be significantly associated with
HCTZ BP
response. From this analysis, we found the sphingolipid metabolic pathway as the most significant pathway (
P
=5.8E‐05). Testing 78 variants, within 14 genes involved in the sphingolipid metabolic canonical pathway, with the
BP
response to
HCTZ
identified variant rs6078905, within the

SPTLC
3

gene, as a novel biomarker significantly associated with the
BP
response to
HCTZ
in whites (n=228). We found that rs6078905 C‐allele carriers had a better
BP
response to
HCTZ
versus noncarriers (∆
SBP
/∆
DBP
: −11.4/−6.9 versus −6.8/−3.5 mm Hg; ∆
SBP
P
=6.7E‐04; ∆
DBP
P
=4.8E‐04). Additionally, in blacks (n=148), we found genetic signals in the

SPTLC
3

genomic region significantly associated with the
BP
response to
HCTZ
(
P
<0.05). Last, we observed that rs6078905 significantly affects the baseline level of 4 sphingomyelins (N24:2, N24:3, N16:1, and N22:1; false discovery rate <0.05), from which N24:2 sphingomyelin has a significant correlation with both
HCTZ DBP
‐response (
r
=−0.42;
P
=7E‐03) and
SBP
‐response (
r
=−0.36;
P
=2E‐02).

Conclusions

This study provides insight into potential pharmacometabolomic and genetic mechanisms underlying
HCTZ BP
response and suggests that

SPTLC
3

is a potential determinant of the
BP
response to
HCTZ
.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
00246519.
Interrelationships Among Flow‐Mediated Vasodilation, Nitroglycerine‐Induced Vasodilation, Baseline Brachial Artery Diameter, Hyperemic Shear Stress, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Authors: Maruhashi Tatsuya , Iwamoto Yumiko , Kajikawa Masato , Oda Nozomu , Kishimoto Shinji , Matsui Shogo , Hashimoto Haruki , Aibara Yoshiki , Yusoff Farina Mohamad , Hidaka Takayuki , Kihara Yasuki , Chayama Kazuaki , Noma Kensuke , Nakashima Ayumu , Goto Chikara , Hida Eisuke , Higashi Yukihito 
Published: December 2017

Background

Flow‐mediated vasodilation (
FMD
) of the brachial artery has been used for the assessment of endothelial function. Considering the mechanism underlying the vasodilatory response of the brachial artery to reactive hyperemia, hyperemic shear stress (
HSS
), a stimulus for
FMD
; nitroglycerine‐induced vasodilation (
NID
), an index of endothelium‐independent vasodilation; and baseline brachial artery diameter (
BAD
) are also involved in vasodilatory response. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interrelationships among
FMD
,
HSS
,
NID
, baseline
BAD
, and cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods and Results

We measured
FMD
,
HSS
,
NID
, and baseline
BAD
simultaneously in 1033 participants (633 men and 400 women; mean age: 58.6±17.0 years). Framingham risk score was negatively correlated with
FMD
,
HSS,
and
NID
and was positively correlated with baseline
BAD
.
HSS
and
NID
were positively correlated with
FMD
, and baseline
BAD
was negatively correlated with
FMD
. In participants with normal
NID
,
FMD
was correlated with
HSS
,
NID
, and baseline
BAD
, all of which were independent variables of
FMD
in multivariate analysis. In participants with impaired
NID
,
FMD
was correlated with
NID
and baseline
BAD
, both of which were independent variables of
FMD
in multivariate analysis, but there was no association between
FMD
and
HSS
.

Conclusions

NID
and baseline
BAD
were independent variables of
FMD
regardless of the status of endothelium‐independent vasodilation, whereas there was a significant association between
FMD
and
HSS
in participants with normal
NID
but not in those with impaired
NID
. The influence of
HSS
on
FMD
seems to be dependent on the status of endothelium‐independent vasodilation.
Association Between Tetralogy of Fallot and Tracheobronchial Branching Abnormalities: A New Clue for Pathogenesis?
Authors: Chassagnon Guillaume , Lefort Bruno , Meot Mathilde , Carpentier Elodie , Sirinelli Dominique , Chantepie Alain , Morel Baptiste 
Published: December 2017

Background

In our practice, we noticed an increased frequency of tracheobronchial branching abnormalities (
TBA
s) in patients with tetralogy of Fallot (ToF). This study aimed to determine whether an association exists between congenital
TBA
s and ToF with or without pulmonary atresia.

Methods and Results

The frequency of
TBA
s on chest computed tomography was assessed in 55 patients with ToF without pulmonary atresia, 34 patients with ToF with pulmonary arteria, and 100 control patients. We then looked for a possible association between
TBA
s and pulmonary artery branch hypoplasia, the presence of major aortopulmonary collateral arteries, and the presence of the chromosome 22q11 deletion.
TBA
s were significantly more frequent in patients with ToF with or without pulmonary atresia than in the control group (any
TBA
s, 21% versus 2% [
P
<0.001]; bronchial situs anomalies, 6% versus 0% [
P
=0.002]; right tracheal bronchus, 4% versus 0% [
P
=0.04]; left eparterial bronchus, 8% versus 0% [
P
=0.005]); and tended to be more frequent in those with ToF without pulmonary atresia than in those with ToF with pulmonary atresia (any
TBA
s, 27% versus 12% [
P
=0.11]; left eparterial bronchus, 13% versus 0% [
P
=0.04]).
TBA
s were readily multiple (8 patients of 19 with
TBA
) and concerned essentially the upper lobes.
TBA
s were not associated with pulmonary branch hypoplasia, major aortopulmonary collateral arteries, or the chromosome 22q11 deletion.

Conclusions
We demonstrated a significantly increased frequency of tracheobronchial abnormalities in patients with ToF with or without pulmonary atresia compared with a control group. These results suggest an interaction between abnormalities in conotruncal septation and tracheobronchial branching and may provide a new clue to the pathogenesis of conotruncal heart diseases.
Left Ventricular Torsion Shear Angle Volume Approach for Noninvasive Evaluation of Diastolic Dysfunction in Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Sharifov Oleg F. , Schiros Chun G. , Aban Inmaculada , Perry Gilbert J. , Dell'italia Louis J. , Lloyd Steven G. , Denney Thomas S. , Gupta Himanshu 
Published: December 2017

Background

Accurate noninvasive diagnostic tools for evaluating left ventricular (
LV
) diastolic dysfunction (
LVDD
) are limited in preserved
LV
ejection fraction. We previously proposed the relationship of normalized rate of change in
LV
torsion shear angle (φ′) to corresponding rate of change in
LV
volume (V′) during early diastole (represented as −dφ′/dV′) as a measure of
LV
diastolic function. We prospectively evaluated diagnostic accuracy of −dφ′/dV′ in respect to invasive
LV
parameters.

Methods and Results

Participants (n=36, age 61±7 years) with
LV
ejection fraction ≥50% and no acute myocardial infarction undergoing coronary angiography for chest pain and/or dyspnea evaluation were studied. High‐fidelity invasive
LV
pressure measurements and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging with tissue tagging were performed. τ, the time constant of
LV
diastolic relaxation, was 58±10 milliseconds (mean±
SD
), and
LV
end‐diastolic pressure was 14.5±5.5 mm Hg. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging‐derived −dφ′/dV′ was 5.6±3.7. The value of −dφ′/dV′ correlated with both τ and
LV
end‐diastolic pressure (
r
=0.39 and 0.36, respectively,
P
<0.05).
LVDD
was defined as τ>48 milliseconds and
LV
end‐diastolic pressure >12 mm Hg (
LVDD
1), or, alternatively, τ>48 milliseconds and
LV
end‐diastolic pressure >16 mm Hg (
LVDD
2). Area under the curve (AUC) of −dφ′/dV′ for identifying
LVDD
1 was 0.83 (0.67‐0.98,
P
=0.001), with sensitivity/specificity of 72%/100% for −dφ′/dV′ ≥6.2.
AUC
of −dφ′/dV′ for identifying
LVDD
_2 was 0.82 (0.64‐1.00,
P
=0.006), with sensitivity/specificity of 76%/85% for −dφ′/dV′ ≥6.9. There were good limits of agreement between pre‐ and post‐nitroglycerin −dφ′/dV′.

Conclusions

The −dφ′/dV′ obtained from the
LV
torsion volume loop is a promising parameter for assessing global
LVDD
with preserved
LV
ejection fraction and requires further evaluation.
Trends and Predictors of Participation in Cardiac Rehabilitation Following Acute Myocardial Infarction: Data From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Authors: Peters Anthony E. , Keeley Ellen C. 
Published: December 2017

Background

Participation in cardiac rehabilitation (
CR
) after acute myocardial infarction has been proven to significantly reduce morbidity and mortality. Historically, participation rates have been low, and although recent efforts have increased referral rates, current data on
CR
participation are limited.

Methods and Results

Utilizing data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System conducted by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, we performed a population‐based, cross‐sectional analysis of
CR
post‐acute myocardial infarction. Unadjusted participation from 2005 to 2015 was evaluated by univariable logistic regression. Multivariable logistic regression was performed with patient characteristic variables to determine adjusted trends and associations with participation in
CR
in more recent years from 2011 to 2015. Among the 32 792 survey respondents between 2005 and 2015, participation ranged from 35% in 2005 to 39% in 2009 (
P
=0.005) and from 38% in 2011 to 32% in 2015 (
P
=0.066). Between 2011 and 2015, participants were less likely to be female (odds ratio [
OR
] 0.763, 95% confidence interval [
CI
] 0.646‐0.903), black (
OR
0.700, 95%
CI
0.526‐0.931), uninsured (
OR
0.528, 95%
CI
0.372‐0.751), less educated (
OR
0.471, 95%
CI
0.367‐0.605), current smokers (
OR
0.758, 95%
CI
0.576‐0.999), and were more likely to be retired or self‐employed (
OR
1.393, 95%
CI
1.124‐1.726).

Conclusions

Only one third of patients participate in
CR
following acute myocardial infarction despite the known health benefits. Participants are less likely to be female, black, and uneducated. Future studies should focus on methods to maximize the proportion of
CR
referrals converted into
CR
participation.
Use of a Smartphone Application to Reduce Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes: A Pilot Study
Authors: Feuerstein-Simon Carly , Bzdick Suzan , Padmanabhuni Amitha , Bains Puneetpal , Roe Cheryl , Weinstock Ruth S. 
Published: January 2018

Background: Hypoglycemia and hypoglycemia unawareness are common in long-standing type 1 diabetes (T1D). This pilot study examined the real-world use of a smartphone application (app), which receives meter readings and logs hypoglycemic symptoms, causes, and treatments to reduce hypoglycemia. Methods: Adults with T1D and recent hypoglycemia synchronized their glucose meter to their smartphone and used the Joslin HypoMap™ app powered by Glooko to track hypoglycemic events. At baseline, and after 6 and 12 weeks of using the app, a blinded continuous glucose monitor (CGM; Dexcom G4) was used for 2 weeks and surveys administered. Results: Participants (n = 22) at baseline had mean (SD) age 43 (14) years, duration of diabetes 26 (13) years, A1c 8.0% (0.87) and 21/22 had reduced hypoglycemia awareness per Clarke Hypoglycemia Unawareness survey scores; 13 (59%) were “CGM completers” (CGM data available at baseline and follow-up). Most noncompletion related to time required/difficulties using the mobile app. After 6 weeks, 8/13 completers (62% of CGM completers, 36% of total participants) had reduced daytime minutes with glucose <54 mg/dL (mean ↓331 minutes) and 10/13 (77% of CGM completers; 45% of total participants) had reduced time ≤ 70 mg/dL (mean ↓449 minutes). This was not sustained at 12 weeks, at which time half of the completers had less time (“improved”). Five participants reported improved hypoglycemia awareness; 9 stated the app helped them better recognize hypoglycemia. Conclusions: Use of this phone app has the potential to help reduce daytime hypoglycemia in a subset of T1D adults with reduce hypoglycemia awareness; larger studies are needed.
Outcomes After Dermal Allograft Reconstruction of Chronic or Subacute Pectoralis Major Tendon Ruptures
Authors: Neumann Julie A. , Klein Christopher M. , van Eck Carola F. , Rahmi Hithem , Itamura John M. 
Published: January 2018

Background: Avoiding delay in the surgical management of pectoralis major (PM) ruptures optimizes outcomes. However, this is not always possible, and when a tear becomes chronic or when a subacute tear has poor tissue quality, a graft can facilitate reconstruction. Purpose: The primary aim was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of PM reconstruction with dermal allograft augmentation for chronic tears or for subacute tears with poor tissue quality. A second aim was to determine patient and surgical factors affecting outcome. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Nineteen consecutive patients (19 PM ruptures) with a mean ± SD age of 39.1 ± 8.4 years were retrospectively reviewed at 26.4 ± 16.0 months following PM tendon reconstruction with dermal allograft. Surgery was performed at 19.2 ± 41.2 months after injury (median, 7.6 months; range, 1.1-185.4 months). Several outcome scores were recorded pre- and postoperatively, including Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH), as well as visual analog scale (VAS) (range, 0-10; 0 = no pain) and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE). Range of motion, Constant score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Simple Shoulder Test score, and complications/reoperations were recorded postoperatively. Results: Scores improved significantly for the DASH (preoperative, 34.9; postoperative, 8.0; P < .001) and VAS (preoperative, 5.0; postoperative, 1.5; P = .011). There was a trend toward improved SANE scores (preoperative, 15.0; postoperative, 80.0; P = .097), but the difference was not statistically significant, likely because of the small number of patients having preoperative SANE scores for review. Increased age was associated with higher VAS scores ( r = 0.628, P = .016) and less forward flexion ( r = –0.502, P = .048) and external rotation ( r = –0.654, P = .006). Patients with workers’ compensation had lower scores for 3 measures: SANE (75.8 vs 88.4, P = .040), Constant (86.7 vs 93.4, P = .019), and ASES (81.9 vs 97.4, P = .016). Operating on the dominant extremity resulted in lower Constant scores (87.8 vs 95.4, P = .012). A 2-head tendon tear (107.5° vs 123.3°, P = .033) and the use of >1 graft (105.0° vs 121.3°, P = .040) resulted in decreased abduction. Conclusion: This was the first large series to observe patients with chronic or subacute PM tendon tears treated with dermal allograft reconstruction. PM tendon reconstruction with dermal allografts resulted in good objective and subjective patient-reported outcomes.