bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracranial myxoid mesenchymal tumors with EWSR1–CREB family gene fusions: myxoid variant of angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma or novel entity?
Authors: Bale Tejus A. , Oviedo Angelica , Kozakewich Harry , Giannini Caterina , Davineni Phani K. , Ligon Keith , Alexandrescu Sanda 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntracranial myxoid mesenchymal tumor harboring EWSR1 fusions with CREB family of genes was recently described, and it resembles the myxoid variant of angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma. We present three pediatric patients with intracranial EWSR1‐rearranged myxoid mesenchymal neoplasm and provide a molecular genetic characterization of these tumors. Clinical histories and imaging results were reviewed. Histology, immunohistochemistry, EWSR1, FUS, NR4A3 fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and next‐generation sequencing (NGS) were performed. A 12‐year‐old male (case 1), 14‐year‐old female (case 2), and 18‐year‐old male (case 3), presented with headaches, emesis, and seizures, respectively. The magnetic resonance images demonstrated tumors abutting the dura (cases 1 and 3) and in the third ventricle (case 2). All tumors were vascular, with solid sheets of monomorphic oval cells in a prominent myxoid/microcystic matrix. A thin fibrous pseudocapsule was present in all lesions, but definitive lymphocytic cuffing was absent. Morphologically, they closely resembled myxoid variant of angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma. Mitoses were rare, and necrosis was absent. All tumors expressed desmin and GLUT1, and focal EMA and CD99. The proliferation index was low. FISH and NGS showed EWSR1–CREB1 fusion (cases 1 and 2), and EWSR1–CREM fusion (case 3). There were no FUS (16p11.2) or NR4A3 (9q22.33) rearrangements in case 3. Gains of 5q (including KCNIP1) and 11q (including CCND1) were present in cases 1 and 2. There were no common pathogenic genomic changes other than EWSR1 rearrangements across cases. CNS myxoid mesenchymal neoplasms with histological and immunophenotypic similarities to myxoid variant of AFH are rare, diagnostically challenging, and harbor EWSR1–CREB1 and also a novel EWSR1–CREM fusion not yet described in AFH. Therefore, it is uncertain if these tumors represent variants of AFH or a new entity. The copy number and mutational changes presented here provide support for future studies to further clarify this issue.
Gaze‐Contingent Display Changes as New Window on Analytical and Holistic Face Perception in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Evers Kris , Van Belle Goedele , Steyaert Jean , Noens Ilse , Wagemans Johan 
Published: March 2017

The strength of holistic face perception in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was evaluated by applying the gaze‐contingent mask and window technique to a face matching and discrimination task in 6‐ to 14‐year‐old children with (n = 36) and without ASD (n = 47), and by examining fixation patterns. Behavioral results suggested a slower and less efficient face processing in the ASD sample compared with the matched control group. Comparing the moving mask and window conditions revealed a reduced holistic face processing bias in the younger age group but not in the older sample. Preferential viewing patterns revealed both similarities and differences between both participant groups.
Cost‐effectiveness of population‐based, community, workplace and individual policies for diabetes prevention in the UK
Authors: Breeze P. R. , Thomas C. , Squires H. , Brennan A. , Greaves C. , Diggle P. , Brunner E. , Tabak A. , Preston L. , Chilcott J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAimTo analyse the cost‐effectiveness of different interventions for Type 2 diabetes prevention within a common framework.MethodsA micro‐simulation model was developed to evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of a range of diabetes prevention interventions including: (1) soft drinks taxation; (2) retail policy in socially deprived areas; (3) workplace intervention; (4) community‐based intervention; and (5) screening and intensive lifestyle intervention in individuals with high diabetes risk. Within the model, individuals follow metabolic trajectories (for BMI, cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and glycaemia); individuals may develop diabetes, and some may exhibit complications of diabetes and related disorders, including cardiovascular disease, and eventually die. Lifetime healthcare costs, employment costs and quality‐adjusted life‐years are collected for each person.ResultsAll interventions generate more life‐years and lifetime quality‐adjusted life‐years and reduce healthcare spending compared with doing nothing. Screening and intensive lifestyle intervention generates greatest lifetime net benefit (£37) but is costly to implement. In comparison, soft drinks taxation or retail policy generate lower net benefit (£11 and £11) but are cost‐saving in a shorter time period, preferentially benefit individuals from deprived backgrounds and reduce employer costs.ConclusionThe model enables a wide range of diabetes prevention interventions to be evaluated according to cost‐effectiveness, employment and equity impacts over the short and long term, allowing decision‐makers to prioritize policies that maximize the expected benefits, as well as fulfilling other policy targets, such as addressing social inequalities.
Maternally induced intraclutch cannibalism: an adaptive response to predation risk?
Authors: Tigreros Natasha , Norris Rachel H. , Wang Eugenia H. , Thaler Jennifer S. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTheory on condition‐dependent risk‐taking indicates that when prey are in poor condition, their anti‐predator responses should be weak. However, variation in responses resulting from differences in condition is generally considered an incidental by‐product of organisms living in a heterogeneous environment. UsingLeptinotarsa decemlineatabeetles and stinkbug (Podisus maculiventris)predators, we hypothesised that in response to predation risk, parents improve larval nutritional condition and expression of anti‐predator responses by promoting intraclutch cannibalism. We showed that mothers experiencing predation risk increase production of unviable trophic eggs, which assures provisioning of an egg meal to the newly hatched offspring. Next, we experimentally demonstrated that egg cannibalism reducesL. decemlineatavulnerability to predation by improving larval nutritional condition and expression of anti‐predator responses. Intraclutch cannibalism in herbivorous insects might be a ubiquitous strategy, aimed to overcome the dual challenge of feeding on protein‐limited diets while living under constant predation threat.
Food webs obscure the strength of plant diversity effects on primary productivity
Authors: Seabloom Eric W. , Kinkel Linda , Borer Elizabeth T. , Hautier Yann , Montgomery Rebecca A. , Tilman David 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPlant diversity experiments generally find that increased diversity causes increased productivity; however, primary productivity is typically measured in the presence of a diverse food web, including pathogens, mutualists and herbivores. If food web impacts on productivity vary with plant diversity, as predicted by both theoretical and empirical studies, estimates of the effect of plant diversity on productivity may be biased. We experimentally removed arthropods, foliar fungi and soil fungi from the longest‐running plant diversity experiment. We found that fungi and arthropods removed a constant, large proportion of biomass leading to a greater reduction of total biomass in high diversity plots. As a result, the effect of diversity on measured plant productivity was much higher in the absence of fungi and arthropods. Thus, diversity increases productivity more than reported in previous studies that did not control for the effects of heterotrophic consumption.
Calcitonin as a potential tumour marker for medullary thyroid carcinoma in an 11‐year‐old Spanish Pure Bred gelding with two independent carcinomas
Authors: Dittus N. , Hahn K. , Stokar‐Regenscheit N. , Gerber V. , Unger L. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryAn 11‐year‐old Spanish Pure Bred gelding was evaluated for progressive weight loss and exercise intolerance. An ante‐mortem biopsy and post‐mortem histopathological examination of the duodenum revealed a duodenal adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, a medullary thyroid carcinoma of the left thyroid gland and multiple bilateral follicular thyroid adenomas were diagnosed post‐mortem. Serum concentration of calcitonin in this case was markedly increased in comparison to two breed and age matched control horses. This case report shows the rare and independent occurrence of two different types of carcinomas in one horse and highlights the diagnostic value of calcitonin measurements for diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma in horses.
Pharmacological treatments in asthma‐affected horses: A pair‐wise and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Calzetta L. , Roncada P. , di Cave D. , Bonizzi L. , Urbani A. , Pistocchini E. , Rogliani P. , Matera M. G. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryBackgroundEquine asthma is a disease characterised by reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial hyper‐responsiveness and airway inflammation following exposure of susceptible horses to specific airborne agents. Although clinical remission can be achieved in a low‐airborne dust environment, repeated exacerbations may lead to irreversible airway remodelling. The available data on the pharmacotherapy of equine asthma result from several small studies, and no head‐to‐head clinical trials have been conducted among the available medications.ObjectivesTo assess the impact of the pharmacological interventions in equine asthma and compare the effect of different classes of drugs on lung function.Study designPair‐wise and network meta‐analysis.MethodsLiterature searches for clinical trials on the pharmacotherapy of equine asthma were performed. The risk of publication bias was assessed by funnel plots and Egger's test. Changes in maximum transpulmonary or pleural pressure, pulmonary resistance and dynamic lung compliance vs. control were analysed via random‐effects models and Bayesian networks.ResultsThe results obtained from 319 equine asthma‐affected horses were extracted from 32 studies. Bronchodilators, corticosteroids and chromones improved maximum transpulmonary or pleural pressure (range: −8.0 to −21.4 cmH2O; P<0.001). Bronchodilators, corticosteroids and furosemide reduced pulmonary resistance (range: −1.2 to −1.9 cmH2O/L/s; P<0.001), and weakly increased dynamic lung compliance. Inhaled β2‐adrenoreceptor (β2‐AR) agonists and inhaled corticosteroids had the highest probability of being the best therapies. Long‐term treatments were more effective than short‐term treatments.Main limitationsWeak publication bias was detected.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that long‐term treatments with inhaled corticosteroids and long‐acting β2‐AR agonists may represent the first choice for treating equine asthma. Further high quality clinical trials are needed to clarify whether inhaled bronchodilators should be preferred to inhaled corticosteroids or vice versa, and to investigate the potential superiority of combination therapy in equine asthma.
Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon: Status of knowledge and unanswered questions
Authors: Glover Kevin A , Solberg Monica F , McGinnity Phil , Hindar Kjetil , Verspoor Eric , Coulson Mark W , Hansen Michael M , Araki Hitoshi , Skaala Øystein , Svåsand Terje 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAtlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is one of the best researched fishes, and its aquaculture plays a global role in the blue revolution. However, since the 1970s, tens of millions of farmed salmon have escaped into the wild. We review current knowledge of genetic interactions and identify the unanswered questions. Native salmon populations are typically genetically distinct from each other and potentially locally adapted. Farmed salmon represent a limited number of wild source populations that have been exposed to ≥12 generations of domestication. Consequently, farmed and wild salmon differ in many traits including molecular‐genetic polymorphisms, growth, morphology, life history, behaviour, physiology and gene transcription. Field experiments have demonstrated that the offspring of farmed salmon display lower lifetime fitness in the wild than wild salmon and that following introgression, there is a reduced production of genetically wild salmon and, potentially, of total salmon production. It is a formidable task to estimate introgression of farmed salmon in wild populations where they are not exotic. New methods have revealed introgression in half of ~150 Norwegian populations, with point estimates as high as 47%, and an unweighted average of 6.4% across 109 populations. Outside Norway, introgression remains unquantified, and in all regions, biological changes and the mechanisms driving population‐specific impacts remain poorly documented. Nevertheless, existing knowledge shows that the long‐term consequences of introgression is expected to lead to changes in life‐history traits, reduced population productivity and decreased resilience to future challenges. Only a major reduction in the number of escapees and/or sterility of farmed salmon can eliminate further impacts.
The Experiences of Sexual Minority Mothers with Trans* Children
Authors: Kuvalanka Katherine A. , Allen Samuel H. , Munroe Cat , Goldberg Abbie E. , Weiner Judith L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractEight nonheterosexual (i.e., bisexual, lesbian, bi/pansexual) mothers with trans* children between 6 and 11 years of age participated in semistructured interviews in which they discussed the intersections of their own sexual minority identities with their children's gender identities or expressions. Transfamily theory was utilized to understand how heteronormativity and cisnormativity operated in these families' lives. Initial lack of awareness among most of the mothers regarding trans* identities, as well as efforts by some to curb their children's gender expressions, paralleled previous reports on primarily heterosexual parents with trans* children. Having sexual minority identities and experience with LGBTQ communities was beneficial for some mothers but seemingly disadvantageous for others, in that some experienced blame for their children's trans* statuses, often due to the fact that these mothers identified as queer themselves. Findings reveal complexities in how participants were influenced by heteronormativity and cisnormativity and have implications for those looking to learn more about queer parents' experiences raising their trans* children.
Many Mornings After: Campus Sexual Assault and Feminist Politics
Authors: Haaken Janice 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn 1994, the feminist journalist Katie Roiphe published a book titled The Morning After in which she argues that the women's movement had become obsessed with victimization. With many of her case examples centered on campus sexual politics, Roiphe laments college women's demands for the very forms of patriarchal protections that second‐wave feminists fought to overturn. In the two decades since the publication of this book, campus activists have gained considerable ground in bringing sexual assault into public awareness, insisting (contra Roiphe) that victims have been all too silent. This article presents an appraisal of this historical legacy and draws out key lessons to be learned from the history of feminist organizing around sexual assault on campuses. The author explains how radical, liberal, and socialist feminist politics offer different lenses for framing sexual assault and discusses the value of a psychoanalytic feminist optics for thinking through dilemmas at the level of political practice.
Medieval queenship
Authors: Earenfight Theresa 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis essay surveys new identities and frameworks for the study of medieval queens that have emerged over the past 30 years and argues that the study of queens and the practice of queenship has transformed the study of monarchy. Queenship is understood by most scholars to be a cluster of customs, practices, and political theory that focuses on who queens were and what they did; how they were perceived by their peers; and how they were vital to family, culture, religion, and economics in the European Middle Ages. Empirical research on queens and empresses cuts across time and space and is grounded in feminist theory and methods; it rejects traditional masculine‐centered political history in favor of a nuanced understanding of women and power.
Feasibility of single‐session endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery for ipsilateral large renal stones and retrograde intrarenal surgery for contralateral renal stones: Initial experience
Authors: Kwon Ohseong , Park Juhyun , Cho Min Chul , Son Hwancheol , Jeong Hyeon , Cho Sung Yong 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesTo analyze the feasibility of carrying out endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery with supine miniaturized percutaneous nephrolithotomy and retrograde intrarenal surgery for patients with bilateral stones in a single session.MethodsThe records of consecutive patients presenting with bilateral kidney stones who underwent endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery with miniaturized percutaneous nephrolithotomy (15‐Fr miniaturized nephroscope) and retrograde intrarenal surgery on one side, and retrograde intrarenal surgery on the contralateral side were prospectively collected and analyzed. After the miniaturized percutaneous nephrolithotomy procedure, flexible uretero‐renoscopy was carried out for active removal of the stone fragments. Subsequently, retrograde intrarenal surgery was carried out on the contralateral side.ResultsOverall, 26 patients were included in the analysis. The stone‐free rate of the initial endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery side was 76.9% (20/26), and the stone‐free rate of the contralateral retrograde intrarenal surgery side was 92.3% (24/26). Complications occurred in two patients (postoperative bleeding and urinary tract infection); however, these conditions were completely resolved with appropriate medications within 2 weeks postoperatively. Univariate logistic regression analyses showed that accumulation of surgical experience (OR 117.3, P = 0.046) was a significant predictor for stone‐free status.ConclusionCarrying out endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery and contralateral retrograde intrarenal surgery in a single session for patients with bilateral stones is feasible and safe.
Cross‐Border Marriages in South Korea and the Challenges of Rising Multiculturalism
Authors: Kim Keuntae 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis study explores trends in international marriage migration, determinants of international marriage, and factors that affect employment and poverty status of marriage migrant females in Korea. The results suggest that the number of cross‐border marriages increased rapidly in the early 2000s but has declined since the mid‐2000s, perhaps because of the Korean government's strict regulations and of saturation in the demand for foreign wives. The analysis also indicated that rural males with a graduate degree have a similar probability to urban males with a high‐school education. Employment opportunities vary substantially by the foreign wife's country of origin, implying that social policies for addressing the difficulties of multicultural families should be tailored toward specific ethnic groups. Those who participated in work training programmes were significantly more likely to be employed than non‐participants, and the size of social support network significantly reduced the odds of living in poverty.
Potential causes of medication errors: perceptions of Serbian nurses
Authors: Svitlica B.B. , Simin D. , Milutinović D. 
Published: March 2017

AimThe aim of this study was to identify the most common contributing factors to medication errors in everyday practice of Serbian nurses.BackgroundNurses have the key role in medication, and it is very important that they understand why errors occur.MethodsThis research study was a cross‐sectional study in five healthcare institutions. The sample was 965 nurses. A specially designed questionnaire was used as the research instrument.ResultsThe most dominant contributing factor of medication errors was insufficient number of nurses. Interestingly other dominant factors given in literature were not recognized in this research study.DiscussionThe study results confirm that the recommendations we find in literature cannot be simply copied and implemented into the existing system, but can be used as a starting point for further research.LimitationThe obtained data were compared with the studies of the countries with different healthcare systems and different educational structures of nurses.ConclusionThe results of the study imply that healthcare institutions have to take the initiative and the responsibility for teaching safe medication use during formal education, as well as in clearly planned programmes of continuous education for nurses.Implications for nursingTo reduce errors to the least possible level, it is important that nurses clearly define what an error is and recognize the causes and the importance of reporting and analysing them.Implications for health policySystemic practices are required in the health system in Serbia and the culture of patients’ safety accepted as the common goal and imperative of everyday practice.
A high‐resolution tape sensor improves the accuracy of applied pressure profiles during lower‐leg bandaging – results from a study using a fibre‐optic sensing tape
Authors: Parkinson Luke A , van Zanten Malou , Piller Neil , Arkwright John W 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCompression bandaging is a mainstay practice in the treatment of conditions such as chronic wounds and lymphoedema. However, the ability of practitioners to measure bandage application to a desired pressure profile is difficult because of sensor limitations. We have used a novel fibre‐optic‐based, high‐resolution sub‐bandage pressure monitor to measure adherence to a target pressure gradient during compression bandaging. Participants of various experience (n = 46) were asked to bandage a lower‐leg manikin to a gradient of 40 (ankle) to 20 mmHg (proximal calf) in both a blinded trial and subsequently with sensor feedback. Mean pressures across all sensors for both the blind and sensor‐guided trials approximated a target mean of 30 mmHg. However, the mean gradient achieved in the blinded trial showed an inverse pressure gradient to the target with a high‐pressure region at the mid‐calf (44 ± 19 mmHg). Correlation to the target gradient improved from R2 = 0·62 during the blind trial to 0·93 using sensor feedback, with a gradient that closely approximated the target. This demonstrates the use of high‐resolution sub‐bandage pressure sensing in improving the ability of practitioners to achieve a target pressure gradient in compression bandaging for clinical use and training.