bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Alternative Periodization of Romanian History. A Research Agenda
Authors: Poenaru Florin 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In this paper, I suggest an alternative form of periodization of Romanian history. My aim is not to move around historical posts; rather I propose a different way of understanding Romanian history as such. This is the research agenda. I seek to write a world history from the perspective of a peripheral place like Romania has been. Therefore, this is not simply an attempt to insert a local, neglected, silenced or distorted history into a wider, European, global story (that is, to discover the history of “people without history”), just as it is not another attempt to “provincialize Europe” in favour of a view from its repressed margins. Instead, following Coronil (2004), I believe it is indispensable to globalize the periphery, to understand its worldwide formation. My investigation draws upon the conceptual toolkit of world-system theory and its underlining philosophy of history (Wallerstein, 2011). In the same vein, the guiding principles of my periodization elaborate on Andre Gunder Frank’s insight that the exchange (or rather direct transfer) of surplus between societies is what links regions and societies as whole (Frank, 1978). The focus then shifts from a given society/state and its internal relations to the wider world-system, or world-economy, in which it is embedded. The unit of analysis is not a geographical location, but relations and networks and their historical development.
Brain Drain, innerwestliche Weltmarktkonkurrenz und nationale Sicherheit
Authors: Daniels Mario 
Published: July 2016

Vorspann
Auf den ersten Blick erscheinen die transatlantischen Beziehungen in der Ära Adenauer im Zeichen von „Westernisierung“ und „Amerikanisierung“ unbeschwert wie Flitterwochen. Auf den zweiten Blick werden jedoch Verwerfungen im deutschamerikanischen Verhältnis sichtbar, die auf historisch tief verwurzelte politischmentale Divergenzen verweisen und die sich erst in den 1960er Jahren verloren. Mario Daniels zeigt auf, welche überraschenden Konstellationen sich daraus ergeben konnten: Die chemische Industrie der Bundesrepublik, exportorientiert und mit den USA geschäftlich eng verbunden, war allen Überzeugungen von den Segnungen freien Handels zum Trotz die stärkste Verfechterin einer Politik des nationalen Schutzes von privatwirtschaftlichem Know-how. Die Bundesregierung dagegen legte weniger Wert auf nationale Sicherheitsinteressen als auf liberale Marktbeziehungen und erteilte dem Wissensprotektionismus der Chemiebranche eine Absage.
Predictors of Poor School Readiness in Children Without Developmental Delay at Age 2
Authors: Nelson Bergen B. , Dudovitz Rebecca N. , Coker Tumaini R. , Barnert Elizabeth S. , Biely Christopher , Li Ning , Szilagyi Peter G. , Larson Kandyce , Halfon Neal , Zimmerman Frederick J. , Chung Paul J. 
Published: July 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Current recommendations emphasize developmental screening and surveillance to identify developmental delays (DDs) for referral to early intervention (EI) services. Many young children without DDs, however, are at high risk for poor developmental and behavioral outcomes by school entry but are ineligible for EI. We developed models for 2-year-olds without DD that predict, at kindergarten entry, poor academic performance and high problem behaviors.METHODS:Data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort (ECLS-B), were used for this study. The analytic sample excluded children likely eligible for EI because of DDs or very low birth weight. Dependent variables included low academic scores and high problem behaviors at the kindergarten wave. Regression models were developed by using candidate predictors feasibly obtainable during typical 2-year well-child visits. Models were cross-validated internally on randomly selected subsamples.RESULTS:Approximately 24% of all 2-year-old children were ineligible for EI at 2 years of age but still had poor academic or behavioral outcomes at school entry. Prediction models each contain 9 variables, almost entirely parental, social, or economic. Four variables were associated with both academic and behavioral risk: parental education below bachelor’s degree, little/no shared reading at home, food insecurity, and fair/poor parental health. Areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curve were 0.76 for academic risk and 0.71 for behavioral risk. Adding the mental scale score from the Bayley Short Form–Research Edition did not improve areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for either model.CONCLUSIONS:Among children ineligible for EI services, a small set of clinically available variables at age 2 years predicted academic and behavioral outcomes at school entry.
The Performance of Multivariate Calibration on Ratios, Means and Proportions
Authors: Zhang Hanwen , Gutiérrez Hugo Andrés , Rodríguez Nelson Andrés 
Published: July 2016

<p>In this paper, the calibration approach is revisited in order to allow newcalibration weights that are subject to the restriction of multiple calibration equations on a vector of ratios, means and proportions. The classical approach is extended in such a way that the calibration equations are not based on a vector of totals, but on a vector of other nonlinear parameters. We stated some properties of the resulting estimators and carry out some empirical simulations in order to asses the performance of this approach. We found that this methodology is suitable for some practical situations like vote intention estimation, estimation of labor force, and retrospective studies. The methodology is applied in the context of the Presidential elections held in Colombia in 2014 for which we estimated the vote intention in the second round using information from an election poll, taking the results fromthe first round as auxiliary information.</p>
A Study of Cumulative Quantity Control Chart for a Mixture of Rayleigh Model under a Bayesian Framework
Authors: Aslam Muhammad , Riaz Muhammad , Sindhu Tabassum Naz , Ahmed Zaheer 
Published: July 2016

<p>This study deals with the cumulative charting technique based on a simple and a mixture of Rayleigh models. The respective charting schemes are referred as the SRCQC-chart and the MRCQC-chart. These are stimulated from existing statistical control charts in this direction i.e. the cumulative quantity control (CQC) chart, based on exponential and Weibull models, and the cumulative count control (CCC) chart, based on the simple geometricmodel. Another motivation for this study is the mixture cumulative count control (MCCC) chart based on the two component geometric model. The use of mixture cumulative quantity is an attractive approach for process monitoring. The design structure of the proposed control chart is derived by using the cumulative distribution function of simple, and two components of mixture distribution(s). We observed that the proposed charting structure is efficient in detecting the changes in process parameters. The application of the proposed scheme is illustrated using a real dataset.</p>
Reconteo de los huesos del esqueleto humano
Authors: Alzate Mejía Óscar Andrés , Giraldo Hoyos Nicolás , Alvarán Arango Liz Verónica 
Published: July 2016

<p>Introducción. Se ha contemplado la idea de que el esqueleto humano posee cierto número de huesos, asignando siempre la misma cantidad de 206 estructuras; en este conteo no se tienen en cuenta sus clasificaciones, las sinostosis ni si se presentan o no variaciones anatómicas. Objetivos. Proponer un nuevo conteo de los huesos del esqueleto humano a partir de la clasificación habitual y renovar la terminología ósea tradicional. Materiales y métodos. Se estudiaron textos de Anatomía empleados en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de las ciencias para la salud, se exploró en diferentes bases de datos enfocadas en el campo de la medicina y, fundamentalmente, se adoptó la terminología apropiada del texto Terminologia Anatomica: International Anatomical Terminology del Comité Internacional Federativo de Terminología Anatómica. Resultados. Se expone la clasificación tradicional del esqueleto humano en axial y apendicular contando cada uno de sus componentes. Conclusión. Se obtiene un nuevo conteo óseo donde se desagrupan el esternón en manubrio, cuerpo y proceso xifoides; en el sacro y el cóccix se cuentan sus vértebras independientes y el coxal se desagrupa contándose independientemente el ilion, el isquion y el pubis. No se tienen en cuenta huesos sesamoideos ni intersuturales.</p>
Doble carga nutricional y aproximación a sus determinantes sociales en Caldas, Colombia
Authors: Murcia Moreno Nancy Paola , Cortés Osorio Valentina 
Published: July 2016

<p>Introducción. La doble carga nutricional (DCN) es una problemática reconocida hace poco tiempo; sin embargo, se destacan estudios realizados en Bogotá, D.C. y en Tumaco, Colombia. Ojetivos. Identificar y analizar la situación de DCN poblacional e individual en Caldas a partir del Diagnóstico Nutricional de Caldas 2014 para, de esta manera, realizar una aproximación a los principales determinantes sociales en el municipio de Aguadas. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo y analítico transversal de tipo retrospectivo realizado en dos etapas: en la primera se analizaron las bases de datos del Diagnóstico Nutricional de Caldas 2014 para identificar la doble carga nutricional poblacional (DCNP) e individual (DCNI), teniendo en cuenta la variable sexo y edad; en la segunda se realizó el diseño, aplicación y análisis de un instrumento en siete casos familiares para realizar una aproximación a los determinantes sociales en Aguadas, Caldas. Resultados. Se evidenció una alta presencia de doble carga nutricional poblacional en los grupos evaluados y una baja prevalencia de doble carga nutricional individual. Los principales determinantes de la DCN en Aguadas son de tipo socioeconómico, gestacional, nutricional y alimentario. Conclusiones. En Caldas, la doble carga nutricional poblacional está presente, siendo los menores de 18 años el grupo con mayores prevalencias; no se evidenciaron diferencias significativas según la variable sexo. Es fundamental identificar los determinantes de la doble carga nutricional para incidir en las bases de la problemática.</p>
Procalcitonina como marcador de sepsis en niños
Authors: González Rangel Diana , Camacho Moreno Germán , Quintero Guevara Omar 
Published: July 2016

<p>Introducción. La procalcitonina es un biomarcador de infección bacteriana severa y sepsis, con aplicación diagnóstica, para severidad y pronóstico, el cual muestra valores de sensibilidad, especificidad y puntos de corte variables en niños. Materiales y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo, observacional y descriptivo. Se incluyeron niños de 7 días a 18 años, a quienes se les tomó procalcitonina y cultivo el mismo día. Se evaluaron otros biomarcadores como proteína C reactiva y los datos se tomaron de la historia clínica por medio de un formulario. Resultados. Se incluyeron 274 muestras de procalcitonina y cultivos, correspondientes a 162 pacientes con edad promedio de 1.5 años —59% masculinos—. De los 274 cultivos, el 81% fueron hemocultivos, siendo positivos el 17%. La procalcitonina con punto de corte >0.5ng/ml mostró sensibilidad de 76%, especificidad de 46%, VPP de 23% y VPN de 90% para sepsis, con AUC 0.6899 (IC95%: 0.6059-0.774). Se encontró de forma estadísticamente significativa que a mayor valor de procalcitonina mayor mortalidad (p=0.003). La procalcitonina mostró mejor rendimiento que los otros biomarcadores para predecir sepsis. Conclusión. La procalcitonina tiene un buen rendimiento diagnóstico como marcador de sepsis en niños —con mayor utilidad cuando toma valores negativos— y buen valor pronóstico al relacionarse con mortalidad.</p>
Cambios en el estado nutricional y hábitos alimentarios de estudiantes universitarios. Bogotá, D.C. 2013
Authors: Becerra Bulla Fabiola , Pinzón Villate Gloria , Vargas Zarate Melier , Martínez Marín Elvia Marcela , Callejas Malpica Edwin Ferney 
Published: July 2016

<p>Introducción. Los estudios de carácter longitudinal sobre el cambio del estado nutricional y hábitos alimentarios en la población universitaria son escasos. Objetivo. Determinar los cambios en el estado nutricional y en los hábitos alimentarios de los estudiantes de la carrera de Medicina en dos momentos de su vida universitaria. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo longitudinal en estudiantes de pregrado en el que se realizó seguimiento de su estado nutricional y consumo de alimentos durante su permanencia en la universidad. La muestra fue intencional. Se registró peso, talla y circunferencia de cintura y se aplicó una encuesta para determinar la frecuencia de consumo de alimentos. Resultados. No se observó un cambio significativo en la talla pero sí un aumento de peso promedio tanto en hombres como en mujeres. Cerca de la totalidad de estudiantes consumió las tres comidas principales y aproximadamente la mitad omitió las mediasnueves y las onces. Se presentó mayor consumo a diario de leche y sus derivados, carnes y jugos de fruta y menor consumo de frutas y verduras. El consumo diario de comidas rápidas disminuyó y el de los alimentos fritos aumentó. Conclusión. Es evidente el cambio en el estado nutricional y en algunos hábitos alimentarios en los estudiantes.</p>
Indicadores de adquisición de la función simbólica en el nivel de acciones verbales en preescolares
Authors: Solovieva Yulia , González Moreno Claudia Ximena 
Published: July 2016

<p>Introducción. El paradigma histórico-cultural propone estudiar la función simbólica a través de la adquisición de la experiencia externa durante la actividad conjunta del niño con los adultos. La función simbólica podría llevarse a cabo en el nivel de las acciones materializadas, perceptivas y verbales. Objetivo. Determinar cuáles son los indicadores de adquisición de la función simbólica dentro de la zona del desarrollo próximo y la zona de desarrollo actual para las acciones verbales en niños preescolares entre los 5 y 6 años. Materiales y método. El estudio se realizó con 180 preescolares de Bogotá, D.C. —99 niños de instituciones públicas y 81 niños de instituciones privadas—. A los participantes se les valoró la posibilidad de realizar las acciones simbólicas en el nivel verbal a través de protocolo diseñado con este propósito. Resultados. Los resultados fueron valorados por tres expertos, lo cual permitió proponer como indicador reflexivo de adquisición de la función simbólica en el nivel verbal la posibilidad de explicar respuestas de manera desplegada. Conclusión. La evidencia de la presencia de la función simbólica en el nivel verbal se refiere a la capacidad de reflexionar respecto a las respuestas de la propuesta de tareas independientemente o con ayuda externa por parte del adulto.</p>
Factores genéticos y fisuras orofaciales no sindrómicas
Authors: Tovani Palone Marcos Roberto , Saldias Vargas Vivian Patricia 
Published: July 2016

<p>Las fisuras orofaciales son un grupo de anomalías cuya etiología es resultante de la interacción entre factores genéticos y ambientales. Entre todos los genes candidatos para la ocurrencia de fisuras orofaciales no sindrómicas, el más citado y conocido es el IRF6; otros genes importantes son el FOXE1, PVRL1 y el MSX1. A partir de nuevos datos consolidados referentes a esta etiología, se puede establecer un sistema más efectivo de orientación genética para prevenir la ocurrencia de estos tipos de anomalías. Abstract Orofacial clefts are a group of anomalies whose etiology derives from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Among all candidate genes for the occurrence of nonsyndromic orofacial clefts, IRF6 is the most quoted and known. Other important genes are FOXE1, PVRL1 and MSX1. Thus, from new consolidated data for this etiology a more effective system of genetic counseling can be established to prevent the occurrence of these types of anomalies.</p>
LA COMUNICAZIONE ONLINE
Authors: La Rocca Elvira 
Published: July 2016

Communication is the ability to communicate between members of the same society. The communicative approach is now, influenced by new technology. Thanks to the Internet thousands of information takes place in real time. The new technology has revolutionized time, manner, frequency and immediacy. A significant contribution to the communication was made by J. Austin with his “Speech Act” and his theory where “each mean is also a do.” The communication in the classroom setting creates a series of collective problem solving. A school every communication transmits identity and social position of each entity generating skills and knowledge.
Characterizing incentive compatible, Pareto optimal and sufficiently anonymous constrained combinatorial mechanisms – Two players case
Authors: Gonen Rica , Lerner Anat 
Published: July 2016

We characterize the possibility space of deterministic, dominant-strategy incentive compatible, individually rational, and Pareto-optimal combinatorial auctions in a model with two players and two nonidentical items. Our model has multidimensional types, private values, quasilinear preferences for the players with one relaxation – one of the players is subject to a publicly-known budget constraint. We show that the space includes two types of mechanisms: VCG and dictatorial mechanisms. Furthermore when it is publicly known that the budgeted player is not constrained by his budget, VCG uniquely fulfills the basic properties of deterministic, dominant-strategy incentive compatible, individually rational, and Pareto-optimal. When it is publicly known that the budgeted player is constrained on all bundles then only a dictatorial solution will fulfill the above properties. Moreover when it is publicly known that the budgeted player is constrained on the largest bundle there are preferences under which the VCG mechanism uniquely fulfills these properties.
Species composition, community and population dynamics of two gallery forests from the Brazilian Cerrado domain
Authors: Gastauer Markus , Almado Roosevelt , Miazaki Angela , Diniz Écio , Moreira Luis , Meira-Neto João 
Published: July 2016

To understand the impacts of global changes on future community compositions, knowledge of community dynamics is of crucial importance. To improve our knowledge of community composition, biomass stock and maintenance of gallery forests in the Brazilian Cerrado, we provide two datasets from the 0.5 ha Corrego Fazendinha Gallery Forest Dynamics Plot and the Corrego Fundo Gallery Forest Dynamics Plot situated in the Bom Despacho region, Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil.
We report diameter at breast height, basal area and height measurements of 3417 trees and treelets identified during three censuses in both areas.
Bibliometric study to assist research topic selection: a case from research design on Jakarta’s groundwater (part 1)
Authors: Irawan Dasapta , Priyambodho Adhi , Rachmi Cut , Wibowo Dimas , Fahmi Andita 
Published: July 2016

This paper is an example to visualize bibliometric data to extract paper’s topics and their citation relation. It is very important to evaluate the number of documents, the intensity of the paper’s topic, and the relationship between papers. The output can be used to pinpoint suitable research topic.
We began with 246 papers, gathered from Google Scholar, Crossref, and Scopus database. We narrowed them down to 70 papers based on language, relevance, pdf availability, and metadata completeness. Open source tools, Vosviewer, Zotero-PaperMachine plugin, were used to visualize the existing reference database.
The following paper gives an illustration that a brief bibliometric analysis could assist a researcher to determine our research path. It gives us a glimpse of research landscape in Jakarta area. Therefore for deeper analysis, we will focus our literature review on groundwater and surface water interactions.
Conditional Simulation of Flow in Heterogeneous Porous Media with the Probabilistic Collocation Method
Authors: Li Heng 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA stochastic approach to conditional simulation of flow in randomly heterogeneous media is proposed with the combination of the Karhunen-Loeve expansion and the probabilistic collocation method (PCM). The conditional log hydraulic conductivity field is represented with the Karhunen-Loeve expansion, in terms of some deterministic functions and a set of independent Gaussian random variables. The propagation of uncertainty in the flow simulations is carried out through the PCM, which relies on the efficient polynomial chaos expansion used to represent the flow responses such as the hydraulic head. With the PCM, existing flow simulators can be employed for uncertainty quantification of flow in heterogeneous porous media when direct measurements of hydraulic conductivity are taken into consideration. With illustration of several numerical examples of groundwater flow, this study reveals that the proposed approach is able to accurately quantify uncertainty of the flow responses conditioning on hydraulic conductivity data, while the computational efforts are significantly reduced in comparison to the Monte Carlo simulations.
On Stochastic Error and Computational Efficiency of the Markov Chain Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Li Jun , Vignal Philippe , Sun Shuyu , Calo Victor M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations, thermal equilibria quantities are estimated by ensemble average over a sample set containing a large number of correlated samples. These samples are selected in accordance with the probability distribution function, known from the partition function of equilibrium state. As the stochastic error of the simulation results is significant, it is desirable to understand the variance of the estimation by ensemble average, which depends on the sample size (i.e., the total number of samples in the set) and the sampling interval (i.e., cycle number between two consecutive samples). Although large sample sizes reduce the variance, they increase the computational cost of the simulation. For a given CPU time, the sample size can be reduced greatly by increasing the sampling interval, while having the corresponding increase in variance be negligible if the original sampling interval is very small. In this work, we report a few general rules that relate the variance with the sample size and the sampling interval. These results are observed and confirmed numerically. These variance rules are derived for the MCMC method but are also valid for the correlated samples obtained using other Monte Carlo methods. The main contribution of this work includes the theoretical proof of these numerical observations and the set of assumptions that lead to them.
Computer Simulation of Two Component Dense Plasma by Molecular Dynamics Method
Authors: Moldabekov Zh. A. , Ramazanov T. S. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn the present work two component dense semiclassical plasma of protons and electrons is considered. Microscopic and electrodynamic properties of the plasma by molecular dynamic simulation are investigated. For these purposes semiclassical interparticle potential which takes into account quantum mechanical diffraction and symmetry effects is used. The considered range of density of plasma is n = 1022cm−3 to n = 1024cm−3. Fluctuations and dynamic dielectric functions were calculated using velocity autocorrelation functions.