bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of tanning dependence in white non‐Hispanic females and males
Authors: Cartmel B. , Bale A.E. , Mayne S.T. , Gelernter J.E. , DeWan A.T. , Spain P. , Leffell D.J. , Pagoto S. , Ferrucci L.M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundGrowing evidence suggests that some individuals may exhibit symptoms of dependence on ultraviolet (UV) light, a known carcinogen, in the context of tanning; however, few studies have investigated predictors of tanning dependence (TD).ObjectiveTo identify predictors of TD.MethodsNon‐Hispanics of European ancestry who had previously participated in a case–control study of early‐onset basal cell carcinoma completed an online survey to ascertain TD and other behaviours (alcohol dependence, nicotine dependence, seasonal affective disorder (SAD), exercise ‘addiction’ and depression). Information on host factors, such as skin and eye colour and history of sunbathing and indoor tanning, was obtained from a study in which the participants were previously enrolled. Lifetime TD was assessed using the modified Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye‐opener (mCAGE) and the modified Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (mDSM‐IV‐TR) questionnaires. Participants were classified as ‘TD’ if positive on both questionnaires and not TD if negative on both questionnaires.ResultsIn total, 499 individuals completed the online survey (81.9% participation rate), and 24.4% were classified as ‘TD’. In the multivariate model, women were more likely to be TD [odds ratio (OR) 6.93; 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) (3.36–14.27)] than men. Alcohol dependence (OR 6.55: 95% CI 3.19–13.42), SAD (OR 2.77; 95% CI 1.26–6.09) and exercise ‘addiction’ (OR 5.47; 95% CI 1.15–26.06) were all significant predictors for TD.ConclusionIncreased knowledge of those at risk for TD will allow appropriate interventions to be designed.
Does this patient need telemetry? An analysis of telemetry ordering practices at an academic medical center
Authors: Chen Stephanie , Palchaudhuri Sonali , Johnson Amber , Trost Jeff , Ponor Ileana , Zakaria Sammy 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIntroductionThe American Heart Association and Choosing Wisely campaign recommend guideline‐based usage of telemetry. Inappropriate use leads to increased costs, alarm fatigue, and inefficient nursing care. This study assesses provider ordering practices for telemetry at a US‐based academic hospital.MethodsThis retrospective study includes all telemetry orders in the medicine and progressive care units from April 2014 to March 2015. Indications were grouped into categories per American Heart Association guidelines.ResultsThe top 3 cardiac indications included angina/acute coronary syndrome (35.3%), arrhythmias (19.7%), and heart failure (10.2%). However, noncardiac indications accounted for 20.2% of orders, including respiratory conditions (17.4%), infection (17.4%), substance abuse (14.0%), bleeding (12.4%), vital sign monitoring (10.4%), altered mental status (7.0%), and pulmonary embolus/deep vein thrombosis (7.0%).ConclusionsOne‐fifth of patients were monitored on telemetry for noncardiac indications. We recommend further study on the benefits and risks of telemetry in these patients and systems‐based changes for appropriate usage.
Risk factors and nomogram for pancreatic pseudocysts in chronic pancreatitis: A cohort of 1998 patients
Authors: Hao Lu , Pan Jun , Wang Dan , Bi Ya‐Wei , Ji Jun‐Tao , Xin Lei , Liao Zhuan , Du Ting‐Ting , Lin Jin‐Huan , Zhang Di , Zeng Xiang‐Peng , Ye Bo , Zou Wen‐Bin , Chen Hui , Xie Ting , Li Bai‐Rong , Zheng Zhao‐Hong , Hu Liang‐Hao , Li Zhao‐Shen 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground and AimPancreatic pseudocyst is a common complication of chronic pancreatitis. The identification of risk factors and development of a nomogram for pancreatic pseudocysts in chronic pancreatitis patients may contribute to the early diagnosis and intervention of pancreatic pseudocysts.MethodsPatients with chronic pancreatitis admitted to our center from January 2000 to December 2013 were enrolled. Cumulative rates of pancreatic pseudocysts after the onset of chronic pancreatitis and after the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis were calculated. Patients were randomly assigned, in a 2:1 ratio, to the training and validation cohort. Based on the training cohort, risk factors were identified through Cox proportional hazards regression model, and nomogram was developed. Internal and external validations were performed based on the training and validation cohort, respectively.ResultsWith a total of 1998 patients, pancreatic pseudocysts were detected in 228 (11.41%) patients. Age at the onset of chronic pancreatitis, smoking, and severe acute pancreatitis were identified risk factors for pancreatic pseudocysts development while steatorrhea and pancreatic stones were protective factors. Incorporating these five factors, the nomogram achieved good concordance indexes of 0.735 and 0.628 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively, with well‐fitted calibration curves.ConclusionThe nomogram achieved an individualized prediction of pancreatic pseudocysts development in chronic pancreatitis. It may help the early diagnosis and management of pancreatic pseudocysts.
Differential regulation of sphingolipid metabolism in plasma, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex of mice administered sphingolipid modulating agents
Authors: Giles Corey , Takechi Ryusuke , Mellett Natalie A. , Meikle Peter J. , Dhaliwal Satvinder , Mamo John C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAccumulation of ceramide is implicated in mediating the cellular responses to stress and aberrant sphingolipid metabolism is frequently associated with metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. It is often assumed that (i) peripheral disturbances in sphingolipid concentrations are reflective of processes occurring in the brain, or (ii) circulating sphingolipids directly influence cerebral sphingolipid abundance. In order to address these assumptions, this study explores, in a physiological system, the metabolic pathways regulating sphingolipid metabolism in the brain and plasma of mice. Male C57Bl/6 were maintained on a low fat (control diet) or saturated fat enriched (SFA) diet with, or without the provision of sphingolipid modulating agents. Following 6 months of feeding, the abundance of seven sphingolipid classes was assessed byLC‐ESI‐MS/MSin the hippocampus (HPF), cerebral cortex (CTX), and plasma. Long‐term consumption of theSFAdiet increased ceramide and dihydroceramide in the plasma. Inhibiting de novo synthesis ameliorated this effect, while inhibition of acidic sphingomyelinase, or the sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor agonist did not.SFAfeeding did not influence sphingolipid levels in either theHPForCTX. De novo synthesis inhibition reduced ceramide in theCTX, while treatment with a sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor agonist reduced ceramides in theHPF. Analysis of the individual ceramide species revealed the effects were chain‐length dependent. Both positive and negative correlations were observed between plasma andHPF/CTXceramide species. The findings in this study show thatHPFandCTXsphingolipid concentration are influenced by distinct pathways, independent of peripheral sphingolipid concentration.image
Anxiolytic effects of hippocampal neurosteroids in normal and neuropathic rats with spared nerve injury
Authors: Zhang Meng , Liu Jia , Zhou Meng‐Meng , Wu Honghai , Hou Yanning , Li Yun‐Feng , Yin Yuxin , Zheng Lemin , Cai Jie , Liao Fei‐Fei , Liu Feng‐Yu , Yi Ming , Wan You 
Published: January 2017

AbstractNeurosteroids are synthesized in the nervous system from cholesterol or steroidal precursors imported from peripheral sources. These compounds are important allosteric modulators of GABAA receptors, which play a vital role in modulating hippocampal functions. Chronic pain is accompanied by increased neurosteroid production in the spinal cord and thalamus. We hypothesize that hippocampal neurosteroids participate in pain or pain‐associated emotions, which we tested with high‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and pharmacological behavioral tests. We observed increased levels of hippocampal neurosteroids (pregnenolone, progesterone, deoxycorticosterone, and allopregnanolone) in rats with chronic neuropathic pain (28 days after spared nerve injury). Meanwhile, the expression of the translocator protein, the upstream steroidogenesis rate‐limiting enzyme, increased in the ventral but not dorsal hippocampus of neuropathic rats. In both naïve and neuropathic rats, in vivo stereotaxic microinjection of PK 11195, the translocator protein inhibitor, into the ventral hippocampus exacerbated anxiety‐like behaviors. These results indicate anxiolytic effects of hippocampal neurosteroids in both normal and neuropathic rats. Neurosteroids could be considered as agents for treatment of general and pain‐related anxiety disorders.
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Clinical characteristics of persistent ectopic pregnancy after salpingostomy and influence on ongoing pregnancy
Authors: Zhang Yongli , Chen Jinhong , Lu Wen , Li Bilan , Du Guiqiang , Wan Xiaoping 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to assay the clinical characteristics of persistent ectopic pregnancy (PEP) and its influence on ongoing pregnancy.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 2498 patients who received salpingostomies as primary management for ectopic pregnancies from January 2004 to December 2009, using medical records and telephone inquiries. Clinical characteristics of the 52 patients (2.08%) who were diagnosed with PEP after salpingostomy were compared with those who received satisfactory treatment. The odds ratios and 95% confidential intervals were calculated for each variable by univariate and (for significantly different factors) multivariate analysis.ResultsPreoperatively, patients with PEP after salpingostomy significantly differed from the non‐PEP patients in gestational age, mass size and pelvic adhesiolysis. Serum β‐human chorionic gonadotropin levels in PEP patients were monitored after surgery, which had declined by 28.31% on postoperative day (POD) 4, 40.22% on POD 7, 51.46% on POD 10 and 53.43% on POD 21. Repeat ectopic pregnancy (REP) tended to occur more frequently in PEP patients (PEP: 5 cases, 10.20%; non‐PEP: 4 cases, 2.80%; P = 0.034). Multivariate analysis showed that pelvic adhesions and PEP were the strongest independent predictors of REP.ConclusionGestational age, mass size and pelvic adhesions were significantly correlated with PEP. PEP was an independent prognostic factor for REP. However, a multicenter study is needed to support and extend our findings.
Role of dilatation and curettage performed for spontaneous or induced abortion in the etiology of endometrial thinning
Authors: Azumaguchi Atsushi , Henmi Hirofumi , Ohnishi Hirofumi , Endo Toshiaki , Saito Tsuyoshi 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to clarify the role of dilatation and curettage (D&C) performed for spontaneous or induced abortion in the etiology of endometrial thinning.MethodsThis was a retrospective and cross‐sectional study of 310 infertile patients from January 2013 through December 2015. Endometrial thickness observed 5–7 days after ovulation in a natural menstrual cycle was correlated with the number of D&C noted in each patient's history.ResultsStudy 1 was an investigation of patients without D&C (group A: n = 232) and patients with D&C performed for spontaneous abortion (group B: n = 46). Study 2 was an investigation of patients in group A and patients with D&C performed for induced abortion (group C: n = 32). A significant negative correlation (P < 0.01) between endometrial thickness and number of D&C was observed in both studies. The mean endometrial thickness of the patients in group A was 10.9 ± 2.1 mm. The mean endometrial thickness of the patients in group B with one and ≥two D&C was 7.9 ± 2.3 and 6.9 ± 2.9 mm, respectively. The mean endometrial thickness of the patients in group C with one and ≥two D&C was 9.1 ± 2.3 and 7.8 ± 2.0 mm, respectively. There was a tendency toward gradual endometrial thinning following repeated procedures and the number of previous D&C was significantly associated with endometrial thinning (P < 0.001) in both studies.ConclusionD&C performed for spontaneous or induced abortion may play a causal role in endometrial thinning.
Blastocoele re‐expansion time in vitrified–warmed cycles is a strong predictor of clinical pregnancy outcome
Authors: Lin Ruoyun , Feng Guixue , Shu Jinhui , Zhang Bo , Zhou Hong , Gan Xianyou , Wang Caizhu , Chen Huanhua 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAimTo assess the predictive value of blastocoele re‐expansion time in clinical pregnancy outcome in vitrified–warmed cycles.MethodsData on 468 single vitrified–thawed blastocyst transfer cycles (in patients aged <38 years) carried out from January 2012 through December 2012, at the Reproductive Medicine Center, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, were analyzed. Vitrified–warmed blastocysts were divided into three groups according to blastocoele re‐expansion time: group A, <1 h; group B, 1–2 h; and group C, >2 h, and the clinical pregnancy outcomes (i.e. live birth rate, miscarriage rate and occurrence of singleton pregnancies) compared between the groups.ResultsSignificant differences were observed in the implantation/clinical pregnancy rate between groups A, B and C (70.10%, 51.76% and 28.74%, respectively, P < 0.01). There was a significant linear decline in this rate with increasing blastocyst re‐expansion time. The rate of miscarriage also tended to increase with increasing blastocyst re‐expansion time, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Of the pregnant patients, no significant difference was observed in the rates of monozygotic twins and ectopic pregnancy between the three groups. For the newborns, similar live birth, low‐birthweight and premature delivery rates were observed between the groups.ConclusionsTiming of blastocoele re‐expansion in vitrified–warmed cycles is a strong predictor of clinical pregnancy outcome. The faster the re‐expansion of the blastocoele, the higher the developmental potential of the blastocysts.
Falsificationism is not just ‘potential’ falsifiability, but requires ‘actual’ falsification: Social psychology, critical rationalism, and progress in science
Authors: Holtz Peter , Monnerjahn Peter 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBased on an analysis of ten popular introductions to social psychology, we will show that Karl Popper's philosophy of ‘critical rationalism’ so far has had little to no traceable influence on the epistemology and practice of social psychology. If Popper is quoted or mentioned in the textbooks at all, the guiding principle of ‘falsificationism’ is reduced to a mere ‘falsifiability’ and some central elements of critical rationalism are left out – those that are incompatible with positivism and inductivism. Echoing earlier attempts to introduce Popper to social psychology by Paul Meehl and Tom Pettigrew, we will argue that a discussing Popper's ideas in more depth could help social psychology to move forward in view of the ‘crisis of confidence’ (Pashler and Wagenmakers, 2012) that has emerged recently in view of the ‘Stapel affair’ and the reports of failures to replicate social psychological experiments in high‐powered replication attempts.
Heat stroke leading to acute liver injury & failure: A case series from the Acute Liver Failure Study Group
Authors: Davis Brian C. , Tillman Holly , Chung Raymond T. , Stravitz Richard T. , Reddy Rajender , Fontana Robert J. , McGuire Brendan , Davern Timothy , Lee William M. ,   the Acute Liver Failure Study Group
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsIn the United States, nearly 1000 annual cases of heat stroke are reported but the frequency and outcome of severe liver injury in such patients is not well described. The aim of this study was to describe cases of acute liver injury (ALI) or failure (ALF) caused by heat stroke in a large ALF registry.MethodsAmongst 2675 consecutive subjects enrolled in a prospective observational cohort of patients with ALI or ALF between January 1998 and April 2015, there were eight subjects with heat stroke.ResultsFive patients had ALF and three had ALI. Seven patients developed acute kidney injury, all eight had lactic acidosis and rhabdomyolysis. Six patients underwent cooling treatments, three received N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC), three required mechanical ventilation, three required renal replacement therapy, two received vasopressors, one underwent liver transplantation, and two patients died—both within 48 hours of presentation. All cases occurred between May and August, mainly in healthy young men because of excessive exertion.ConclusionsManagement of ALI and ALF secondary to heat stroke should focus on cooling protocols and supportive care, with consideration of liver transplantation in refractory patients.
Remnants of altered meteorite in the Cretaceous‐Paleogene clay boundary in Poland
Authors: Szopa Krzysztof , Brachaniec Tomasz , Karwowski Łukasz , Krzykawski Tomasz 
Published: January 2017

AbstractFossil iron meteorites are extremely rare in the geological sedimentary record. The paleometeorite described here is the first such finding at the Cretaceous‐Paleogene (K‐Pg) boundary. In the boundary clay from the outcrop at the Lechówka quarry (Poland), fragments of the paleometeorite were found in the bottom part of the host layer. The fragments of meteorite (2–6 mm in size) and meteoritic dust are metallic‐gray in color and have a total weight of 1.8181 g. Geochemical and petrographic analyses of the meteorite from Lechówka reveal the presence of Ni‐rich minerals with a total Ni amount of 2–3 wt%. The identified minerals are taenite, kamacite, schreibersite, Ni‐rich magnetite, and Ni‐rich goethite. No relicts of silicates or chromites were found. The investigated paleometeorite apparently represents an independent fall and does not seem to be derived from the K‐Pg impactor. The high degree of weathering did not permit the chemical classification of the meteorite fragments. However, the recognized mineral inventory, lack of silicates, and their pseudomorphs and texture may indicate that the meteorite remains were an iron meteorite.
A microfluidic platform to study the effects of vascular architecture and oxygen gradients on sickle blood flow
Authors: Lu Xinran , Galarneau Michelle M. , Higgins John M. , Wood David K. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractOur goal was to develop a model of the microvasculature that would allow us to quantify changes in the rheology of sickle blood as it traverses the varying vessel sizes and oxygen tensions in the microcirculation. We designed and implemented a microfluidic model of the microcirculation that comprises a branching microvascular network and physiologic oxygen gradients. We used computational modeling to determine the parameters necessary to generate stable, linear gradients in our devices. Sickle blood from six unique patients was perfused through the microvascular network and subjected to varying oxygen gradients while we observed and quantified blood flow. We found that all sickle blood samples fully occluded the microvascular network when deoxygenated, and we observed that sickle blood could cause vaso‐occlusions under physiologic oxygen gradients during the microvascular transit time. The number of occlusions observed under five unique oxygen gradients varied among the patient samples, but we generally observed that the number of occlusions decreased with increasing inlet oxygen tension. The model system we have developed is a valuable tool to address fundamental questions about where in the circulation sickle‐cell vaso‐occlusions are most likely to occur and to test new therapies.
Corneal biomechanics – a review
Authors: Kling Sabine , Hafezi Farhad 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPurposeIn recent years, the interest in corneal biomechanics has strongly increased. The material properties of the cornea determine its shape and therefore play an important role in corneal ectasia and related pathologies. This review addresses the molecular origin of biomechanical properties, models for their description, methods for their characterisation, techniques for their modification, and computational simulation approaches.Recent findingsRecent research has focused on developing non‐contact techniques to measure the biomechanical properties in vivo, on determining structural and molecular abnormalities in pathological corneas, on developing and optimising techniques to reinforce the corneal tissue and on the computational simulation of surgical interventions.SummaryA better understanding of corneal biomechanics will help to improve current refractive surgeries, allow an earlier diagnosis of ectatic disorders and a better quantification of treatments aiming at reinforcing the corneal tissue.
Relational mobility and close relationships: A socioecological approach to explain cross‐cultural differences
Authors: KITO MIE , YUKI MASAKI , THOMSON ROBERT 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis article reviews how behaviors and psychological tendencies in close relationships differ between cultures, and proposes a socioecological framework to understand those differences. Our review of the literature finds that paradoxically, people in individualistic cultures are more actively engaged in close relationships (e.g., higher levels of social support, self‐disclosure, intimacy, and love) than those in collectivistic cultures. From an adaptationist perspective, we argue that one reason for these differences is higher levels of relational mobility in individualistic cultures. In societies with high relational mobility, where relationships are relatively more fragile, more active engagement in close relationships helps individuals to impress potential, and retain current, partners. We emphasize the importance of examining socioecologies to better understand close relationships.
Experimental Arthritis in the Rat Induced by the Superantigen Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A
Authors: Gerlach K. , Tomuschat C. , Finke R. , Staege M. S. , Brütting C. , Brandt J. , Jordan B. , Schwesig R. , Rosemeier A. , Delank K.‐S. , Kornhuber M. E. , Emmer A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is incompletely understood. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) and their superantigenic envelope protein (env) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of RA. In the present investigation, the arthritogenic potential of the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) has been investigated. In the present investigation, the bacterial superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) was injected into the right knee joint of 15 Lewis rats. Further nine animals received saline. Animals were sacrificed one, five and 10 days after the injection, respectively. The antigens CD3, CD4, CD8, MHC class I, MHC class II, Pax5 and CD138 were investigated by immunohistochemistry on cryo‐sections. After intra‐articular SEA injection, the inflammation was initially dominated by CD8+ T cells. In the course of the investigation, the numbers of CD4+, Pax5+, CD138+ and MHC class II+ cells increased. CD3 was expressed in low numbers as compared to CD8. After saline injection, no similar inflammatory response has been detected. The arthritis induced by the superantigen SEA may be a novel model for inflammatory joint diseases, that is rheumatoid arthritis or juvenile idiopathic arthritis.