bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application Building in Undergraduate Courses With a Simulation Component
Authors: Milanovic Ivana , Eppes Tom 
Published: December 2016

The undergraduate engineering curriculum at our institution is replete with both problem-based and project-based learning components. This paper focuses on the third and most complex methodology needed to prepare students for a successful career in engineering: inquiry-based learning (IBL). With IBL, students learn with the aid of mentoring how to develop and answer a research question. However, IBL requires a significant time-investment, both in and outside the classroom. This is one of the teaching challenges within lecture-based thermo-fluids courses, where the coverage of required material does not allow much time for both IBL and development of field-specific simulation skills. Additional challenges include the reliance on mathematical tools that often hamper student understanding of the underlying phenomena and difficulty in providing immersive and exciting visuals that support in-depth learning.
An IBL component was incorporated into a simulation-based design in two successive junior year courses: fluid mechanics and heat transfer. Both courses were modified to contain scaffolded and contextualized simulations with application building that develop: (a) technical competency by developing modeling skills, (b) deeper understanding of thermofluids by solving realistic technological problems, and (c) writing skills by producing technical reports for each simulation.
Companies are increasingly using simulation applications to extend the benefits of product and process models beyond engineering to other internal business functions such as manufacturing, product development, and sales technical support. Applications involve creating a simplified interface that still contains the full efficacy of the underlying model without having to expose the end user to its complexity. An ‘Application’ building component adds a new skillset that further strengthens our program graduates.
Consequently, supported by mentoring, students now integrate prior skills into an independent research initiative. They propose, plan and execute a design that is of their interest, relevant to the course topics, and suitable in rigor. In parallel with skillset and technical knowledge building, strategies and resources are introduced to engage students in a research topic of their choosing. This process includes preparing a statement of work, reviewing relevant literature, completing a technical study, and documenting the results. The results to date are presented along with some examples of student projects.
Noninvasive quantitative estimation of hepatic steatosis by ultrasound: a comparison of the hepato-renal index and ultrasound attenuation index.
Authors: Kwon Heon-Ju , Kim Kyoung Won , Jung Jin-Hee , Choi Sang Hyun , Jeong Woo Kyoung , Kim Bohyun , Song Gi-Won , Lee Sung-Gyu 
Published: December 2016

Aims: To compare the accuracy of the ultrasound attenuation index (USAI) and hepato-renal index (HRI) for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis (HS). Material and methods: Two hundred and twenty-four potential living hepatic donors underwent US and subsequent US-guided liver biopsy. The USAI was calculated from US images with an 8 MHz transducer and HRI was measured on sagittal images with a clear visualization of both the liver and kidney. Using histological degrees of HS as the reference standard, we compared the performance of USAI and HRI for diagnosing HS ≥ 5% and ≥ 30% by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The interobserver agreement was evaluated by using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) or Bland–Altman statistics. Results: Histologic degree of HS was 0–70% (median, 5%). HRI showed a tendency towards higher accuracy than USAI for diagnosing HS ≥ 5% (the area under the ROC curve, 0.856 vs. 0.820; p= 0.279) and ≥ 30% (0.937 vs. 0.909; p = 0.378) without statistical significance. There was an excellent interobserver agreement for both USAI and HRI (ICC = 0.931 and 0.973, respectively). According to the Bland–Altman method, the 95% limits of difference between two readers for HS were −8.5% to 6.6% by USAI and −4.8% to 6.2% by HRI. Most patients would have the difference of calculated HS by USAI (74.0%) and HRI (96.0%) from different operators within a range of ±5%. Conclusions: Although statistically insignificant, HRI was superior to USAI for the diagnosis and quantitative estimation of HS in terms of diagnostic performance, including accuracy and reproducibility.
Knee ultrasound from research to real practice: a systematic literature review of adult knee ultrasound assessment feasibility studies.
Authors: Peltea Alexandra , Berghea Florian , Gudu Tania , Ionescu Ruxandra 
Published: December 2016

Objective: To identify and analyse existing data regarding knee ultrasound (US) feasibility in clinical practice. Material and methods: A systematic literature review was performed using the terms: (“knee”) AND (“ultrasound” OR “ultrasonography”) AND (“feasibility” OR “pilot” OR “proof of concept”). Feasibility studies regarding knee US or US aided maneuver involving knee joint, published during 2005-2015, were selected and evaluated against a complex framework constructed around mandatory key areas for feasibility studies: acceptability, demand, implementation, practicality, adaptation, integration and expansion. Results: One hundred and fifty-nine publications were identified, of which 9 were included in the final analysis: 6 dealt with the development and implementation of novel US scores, while the rest focused on implementing MSUS in clinical practice, evaluating the usefulness of articular cartilage US assessment and the feasibility of sonography for intra-articular knee injections, respectively. Six studies quantified feasibility as time spent for the evaluation, with only two addressing areassuch as acceptability, implementation and practicality, although none of these systematically assessed all feasibility domains. Conclusion: Knee US feasibility is still poorly addressed; the time required for US assessment is the main area addressed. This information gap should be properly addressed in future works, in order to ensure the right place for this technique.
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy presenting as ST-elevation myocardial infarction: wide triggering spectrum and specific echocardiographical pattern in a consecutive case series report.
Authors: Homorodean Călin , Ober Mihai C. , Olinic Maria , Homorodean Romana , Hassoune Abdesamad , Tătaru Dan , Spînu Mihai , Olinic Dan M. 
Published: December 2016

We report a series of six consecutive cases of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy (TCM) presenting as ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction and consequently addressed to the emergency coronary angiography, inside a time-frame of one year (2015). This series underlines the wide possible triggering spectrum and clinical severity of TCM and recognizes echocardiography as an essential imaging technique in the diagnosis due to its widespread availability and feasibility in the acute care setting.
Complete atrioventricular septal defect in the era of prenatal diagnosis
Authors: Mureşan Daniel , Mărginean Claudiu , Zaharie Gabriela , Stamatian Florin 
Published: December 2016

Complete atrioventricular septal defect (CAVSD) is a fetal cardiac malformation (5% of all cardiac malformations) that can be detected prenatally with a reserved prognosis. The diagnosis can be suspected early at the end of the first trimester using the transabdominal or transvaginal ultrasound approach. Generally, the diagnostic can be established during the mid-trimester scan at 19-24 weeks of gestation. The percentage of antenatal diagnostic of CAVSD is between 57-92%. This review aims to analyze the anatomical principles and the ultrasound techniques that can improve the prenatal diagnosis of CAVSD. We have also analyzed the structural and genetic anomalies frequently associated with CAVSD.
Penile masses: Shear Wave Elastography correlated with Magnetic Resonance Imagining. A two cases report.
Authors: Alis Deniz Can , Ustabasioglu Fethi Emre , Samancı Cesur , Boz Sinan Murat , Sirolu Sabri , Kantarcı Fatih 
Published: December 2016

Definitive diagnosis of penile masses usually depends on clinical symptoms and patient history but in some challenging cases the help of radiologic diagnostic tools is required. Although ultrasound is an effective tool for detecting penile masses, unlike magnetic resonance imagining, it is not able to differentiate benign and malignant pathologies. Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a novel method, which has the ability to differentiate malignant and benign tissues by giving quantitative information about tissue elasticity. In this paper we present two cases with penile masses to demonstrate the potential use of SWE in the differential diagnosis of penile masses.
Etiology of Neuromuscular Fatigue After Repeated Sprints Depends on Exercise Modality
Authors: Tomazin Katja , Morin Jean-Benoit , Millet Guillaume Y. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose:To compare neuromuscular fatigue induced by repeated-sprint running vs cycling.Methods:Eleven active male participants performed 2 repeated-maximal-sprint protocols (5×6 s, 24-s rest periods, 4 sets, 3 min between sets), 1 in running (treadmill) and 1 in cycling (cycle ergometer). Neuromuscular function, evaluated before (PRE); 30 s after the first (S1), the second (S2), and the last set (LAST); and 5 min after the last set (POST5) determined the knee-extensor maximal voluntary torque (MVC); voluntary activation (VA); single-twitch (Tw), high- (Db100), and low- (Db10) frequency torque; and maximal muscle compound action potential (M-wave) amplitude and duration of vastus lateralis.Results:Peak power output decreased from 14.6 ± 2.2 to 12.4 ± 2.5 W/kg in cycling (P < .01) and from 21.4 ± 2.6 to 15.2 ± 2.6 W/kg in running (P < .001). MVC declined significantly from S1 in running but only from LAST in cycling. VA decreased after S2 (~–7%, P < .05) and LAST (~–9%, P < .01) set in repeated-sprint running and did not change in cycling. Tw, Db100, and Db10/Db100 decreased to a similar extent in both protocols (all P < .001 post-LAST). Both protocols induced a similar level of peripheral fatigue (ie, low-frequency peripheral fatigue, no changes in M-wave characteristics), while underlying mechanisms probably differed. Central fatigue was found only after running.Conclusion:Findings about neuromuscular fatigue resulting from RS cycling cannot be transferred to RS running.
Predictive Indicators of Overuse Injuries in Adolescent Endurance Athletes
Authors: Martínez-Silván Daniel , Díaz-Ocejo Jaime , Murray Andrew 
Published: December 2016

Purpose:To analyze the influence of training exposure and the utility of self-report questionnaires on predicting overuse injuries in adolescent endurance athletes.Methods:Five adolescent male endurance athletes (15.7 ± 1.4 y) from a full-time sports academy answered 2 questionnaires (Recovery Cue; RC-q and Oslo Sports Trauma Research questionnaire; OSTRC-q) on a weekly basis for 1 season (37 wk) to detect signs of overtraining and underrecovery (RC-q) and early symptoms of lower-limb injuries (OSTRC-q). All overuse injuries were retrospectively analyzed to detect which variations in the questionnaires in the weeks preceding injury were best associated. Overuse incidence rates were calculated based on training exposure.Results:Lower-limb overuse injuries accounted for 73% of total injuries. The incidence rate for overuse training-related injuries was 10 injuries/1000 h. Strong correlations were observed between individual running exposure and overuse injury incidence (r2 = .66), number of overuse injuries (r2 = .69), and days lost (r2 = .66). A change of 20% or more in the RC-q score in the preceding week was associated with 67% of the lower-limb overuse injuries. Musculoskeletal symptoms were only detected in advance by the OSTRC-q in 27% of the episodes.Conclusion:Training exposure (especially running exposure) was shown to be related to overuse injuries, suggesting that monitoring training load is a key factor for injury prevention. Worsening scores in the RC-q (but not the OSTRC) may be an indicator of overuse injury in adolescent endurance runners when used longitudinally.
Effects of Training Load and Leg Dominance on Achilles and Patellar Tendon Structure
Authors: Esmaeili Alireza , Stewart Andrew M. , Hopkins William G. , Elias George P. , Aughey Robert J. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose:Detrimental changes in tendon structure increase the risk of tendinopathies. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of individual internal and external training loads and leg dominance on changes in the Achilles and patellar tendon structure. Methods:The internal structure of the Achilles and patellar tendons of both limbs of 26 elite Australian footballers was assessed using ultrasound tissue characterization at the beginning and the end of an 18-wk preseason. Linear-regression analysis was used to estimate the effects of training load on changes in the proportion of aligned and intact tendon bundles for each side. Standardization and magnitude-based inferences were used to interpret the findings. Results: Possibly to very likely small increases in the proportion of aligned and intact tendon bundles occurred in the dominant Achilles (initial value 81.1%; change, ±90% confidence limits 1.6%, ±1.0%), nondominant Achilles (80.8%; 0.9%, ±1.0%), dominant patellar (75.8%; 1.5%, ±1.5%), and nondominant patellar (76.8%; 2.7%, ±1.4%) tendons. Measures of training load had inconsistent effects on changes in tendon structure; eg, there were possibly to likely small positive effects on the structure of the nondominant Achilles tendon, likely small negative effects on the dominant Achilles tendon, and predominantly no clear effects on the patellar tendons. Conclusion:The small and inconsistent effects of training load are indicative of the role of recovery between tendon-overloading (training) sessions and the multivariate nature of the tendon response to load, with leg dominance a possible influencing factor.
The Influence of Changes in Acute Training Load on Daily Sensitivity of Morning-Measured Fatigue Variables in Elite Soccer Players
Authors: Thorpe Robin T. , Strudwick Anthony J. , Buchheit Martin , Atkinson Greg , Drust Barry , Gregson Warren 
Published: December 2016

Purpose:To determine the sensitivity of a range of potential fatigue measures to daily training load accumulated over the previous 2, 3, and 4 d during a short in-season competitive period in elite senior soccer players (N = 10).Methods:Total highspeed-running distance, perceived ratings of wellness (fatigue, muscle soreness, sleep quality), countermovement-jump height (CMJ), submaximal heart rate (HRex), postexercise heart-rate recovery (HRR), and heart-rate variability (HRV: Ln rMSSD) were analyzed during an in-season competitive period (17 d). General linear models were used to evaluate the influence of 2-, 3-, and 4-d total high-speed-running-distance accumulation on fatigue measures.Results:Fluctuations in perceived ratings of fatigue were correlated with fluctuations in total high-speed-running-distance accumulation covered on the previous 2 d (r = –.31; small), 3 d (r = –.42; moderate), and 4 d (r = –.28; small) (P < .05). Changes in HRex (r = .28; small; P = .02) were correlated with changes in 4-d total high-speed-running-distance accumulation only. Correlations between variability in muscle soreness, sleep quality, CMJ, HRR%, and HRV and total high-speed-running distance were negligible and not statistically significant for all accumulation training loads.Conclusions:Perceived ratings of fatigue and HRex were sensitive to fluctuations in acute total high-speed-running-distance accumulation, although sensitivity was not systematically influenced by the number of previous days over which the training load was accumulated. The present findings indicate that the sensitivity of morning-measured fatigue variables to changes in training load is generally not improved when compared with training loads beyond the previous day’s training.
Draft Genome Sequence of Aeromonas caviae CH129, a Marine-Derived Bacterium Isolated from the Coast of São Paulo State, Brazil
Authors: Cardozo Flávio Augusto , Alfonso Vargas Nadia Catalina , Zimpel Cristina Kraemer , Pessoa Adalberto , Rivera Irma Nelly Gutierrez 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome sequence of
Aeromonas caviae
CH129, a marine-derived bacterium isolated from the coast of São Paulo state, Brazil. Genomic analysis revealed genes encoding enzymes involved in binding, transport, and chitin metabolism and different virulence-associated factors.
Ectoparasites and other ectosymbiotic arthropods of vertebrates in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Authors: REEVES WILL K. , DURDEN LANCE A. , RITZI CHRISTOPHER M. , BECKHAM KATY R. , SUPER PAUL E. , OCONNOR BARRy M. 
Published: December 2016

We review previously published accounts of ectoparasites and other ectosymbiotic arthropods of vertebrates and report on the collections from 4 species of reptiles, 54 species of birds, and 47 species of mammals from the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, or immediately adjacent lands in North Carolina and Tennessee, USA. Our list includes 1 species of beetle, 2 hemipteran bugs, 9 flies, at least 42 species of lice, 23 species of fleas, and at least 75 species of Acari (11 ticks/64 mites). We discuss the potential for transmission of pathogens by these ectoparasites and the relevance of disjunct populations of boreal species at high elevations in the Great Smoky Mountains.
Spatial–Temporal Variability of Snow Cover and Depth in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Xu Wenfang , Ma Lijuan , Ma Minna , Zhang Haicheng , Yuan Wenping 
Published: December 2016

AbstractChanges in snow cover over the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau have attracted much attention in recent years owing to climate change. Because of the limitations of in situ observations, only a few studies have analyzed the dynamics of snow cover. Using observations from 103 meteorological stations across the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, this study investigated the spatial and temporal variability of snow depth and the number of snow-cover days. The results show a very weak negative trend for the snow depth and the number of snow-cover days in spring and winter from 1961 to 2010, but two different trends were found: an initial increase followed by a decrease. In summer and autumn, snow depth and the number of snow-cover days show a significant decreasing trend for most sites. The duration of snow cover exhibits a significant decreasing trend (−3.5 ± 1.2 days decade−1), which was jointly controlled by a later snow starting time (1.6 ± 0.8 days decade−1) and an earlier snow ending time (−1.9 ± 0.8 days decade−1) consistent with a response to climate change. This study highlights the competing effects of rising temperatures and changing precipitation, which remain an important challenge in understanding and interpreting the observed changes in snow depth and the number of snow-cover days for the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau.
The Effect of Stokes Drift and Transient Rip Currents on the Inner Shelf. Part II: With Stratification
Authors: Kumar Nirnimesh , Feddersen Falk 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis is Part II of a two-part study focused on Stokes drift and transient rip current (TRC) effects on the unstratified (Part I) and stratified (this paper) inner shelf. Part I focuses on funwaveC–Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere–Wave–Sediment Transport (COAWST) coupling and TRC effects on mixing and exchange on an unstratified inner shelf. Here, two simulations (R3 and R4) are performed on a stratified inner shelf and surfzone with typical bathymetry, stratification, and wave conditions. R3 is a COAWST-only simulation (no TRCs), while R4 has funwaveC–COAWST coupling (with TRCs). In R4, TRCs lead to patchy, near-surface cooling, vertical isotherm displacement, and increased water column mixing. For both R3 and R4, the mean Lagrangian circulation has two nearly isolated surfzones and inner-shelf overturning circulation cells, with a stronger, R4, inner-shelf circulation cell. The R4, inner-shelf, vertical velocity variability is 2–3 times stronger than a simulation with TRCs and no stratification. Relative to R3, R4 eddy diffusivity is strongly elevated out to three surfzone widths offshore due to TRCs and TRC-induced density overturns. The R4 inner-shelf stratification is reduced nearshore, and mean isotherms slope more strongly than R3 because of the TRC-enhanced irreversible mixing. At six surfzone widths offshore, both R3 and R4 are in geostrophic balance, explaining the stratified (summertime) observed deviation from Stokes–Coriolis balance. In this region, baroclinic pressure gradients induced by sloping isotherms induce an alongshore geostrophic jet offshore, strongest in R4. In R4, TRCs result in an enhanced (2–10 times) cross-shore exchange velocity across the entire inner shelf, relative to R3. Accurate, stratified, inner-shelf simulations of pollution, larval, or sediment transport must include transient rip currents.
Multi-Iteration Approach to Studying Tracer Spreading Using Drifter Data
Authors: Rypina Irina I. , Fertitta David , Macdonald Alison , Yoshida Sachiko , Jayne Steven 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA novel multi-iteration statistical method for studying tracer spreading using drifter data is introduced. The approach allows for the best use of the available drifter data by making use of a simple iterative procedure, which results in the statistically probable map showing the likelihood that a tracer released at some source location would visit different geographical regions, along with the associated arrival travel times. The technique is tested using real drifter data in the North Atlantic. Two examples are considered corresponding to sources in the western and eastern North Atlantic Ocean, that is, Massachusetts Bay–like and Irish Sea–like sources, respectively. In both examples, the method worked well in estimating the statistics of the tracer transport pathways and travel times throughout the entire North Atlantic. The role of eddies versus mean flow is quantified using the same technique, and eddies are shown to significantly broaden the spread of a tracer. The sensitivity of the results to the size of the source domain is investigated and causes for this sensitivity are discussed.