bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chapitre 5 : Les collaborateurs d’élus départementaux. Pratiques et ambivalences d’une fonction aux contours flous
Authors: Bonnevalle Pierre 
Published: January 2018

Ce chapitre, fondé sur un travail monographique portant sur un conseil général situé dans la moitié nord de la France, témoigne de l’hétérogénéité des situations auquel renvoie la dénomination générique de « collaborateur ». Il rend compte des pratiques quotidiennes distinctes en fonction du statut et des missions du collaborateur, tout en pointant l’ambivalence d’une fonction au croisement des sphères politique et administrative. Cette étude révèle ainsi la participation des collaborateurs aux dynamiques institutionnelles de leur employeur et aux processus décisionnels d’une collectivité encore peu étudiée par la science politique.
Endoplasmic Reticulum–Bound Transcription Factor CREBH Stimulates RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis
Authors: Kim Jung Ha , Kim Kabsun , Kim Inyoung , Seong Semun , Nam Kwang-Il , Kim Kyung Keun , Kim Nacksung 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is triggered by various metabolic factors, such as cholesterol and proinflammatory cytokines. Recent studies have revealed that ER stress is closely related to skeletal disorders, such as osteoporosis. However, the precise mechanism by which ER stress regulates osteoclast differentiation has not been elucidated. In this study, we identified an ER-bound transcription factor, cAMP response element-binding protein H (CREBH), as a downstream effector of ER stress during RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. RANKL induced mild ER stress and the simultaneous accumulation of active nuclear CREBH (CREBH-N) in the nucleus during osteoclastogenesis. Overexpression of CREBH-N in osteoclast precursors enhanced RANKL-induced osteoclast formation through NFATc1 upregulation. Inhibiting ER stress using a specific inhibitor attenuated the expression of osteoclast-related genes and CREBH activation. In addition, inhibition of reactive oxygen species using N-acetylcysteine attenuated ER stress, expression of osteoclast-specific marker genes, and RANKL-induced CREBH activation. Furthermore, inhibition of ER stress and CREBH signaling pathways using an ER stress–specific inhibitor or CREBH small interfering RNAs prevented RANKL-induced bone destruction in vivo. Taken together, our results suggest that reactive oxygen species/ER stress signaling-dependent CREBH activation plays an important role in RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Therefore, inactivation of ER stress and CREBH signaling pathways may represent a new treatment strategy for osteoporosis.
Renal Cell Cancer: Clinicopathological Profile and Survival Outcomes
Authors: Tiwari Priya , Kumar Lalit , Singh Geetika , Seth Amlesh , Thulkar Sanjay 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackground: The incidence of renal cell cancer (RCC) is increasing worldwide. However, scant information is available from the Indian subcontinent regarding its clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes. We retrospectively analyzed data of patients suffering from RCC at our center over the last one decade (2004–2013) to generate information on these aspects. Materials and Methods: Case records of 423 patients treated between 2004 and 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Baseline characteristics, histopathological information, and survival outcomes were assessed. Overall survival was calculated from the time of diagnosis to death due to any cause. Results: The median age was 52 years (range: 18–87 years). Male: female ratio was 3.5:1. The median duration of symptoms was 3 months (range: 0–24 months). Thirty-five patients (8.3%) were detected in asymptomatic state. The most common symptom was hematuria (53.2%) followed by flank pain (46.3%). The most common histology was clear cell subtype (71.4%). Two hundred and ninety-three (69.3%) patients presented with nonmetastatic disease whereas 130 (30.7%) had upfront metastatic disease. Five-year survival in Stages 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 92.7%, 72.9%, 54.6%, and 11.5%, respectively. Conclusion: Younger age, higher male–female ratio, lower proportion of asymptomatic patients, higher proportion of advanced stage at diagnosis, and lower stage-wise survival were some of the key findings.
An Epidemiological Review of Sacrococcygeal Teratoma over Five Years in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Bedabrata Mukhopadhyay , Chhanda Das , Moumita Sengupta , Kumar Saha Ashis , Madhumita Mukhopadhyay , Biswanath Mukhopadhyay 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Background: Teratoma refers to neoplasm containing at least two germ cell layers derivatives foreign to the site of origin. Sacrococcygeal teratoma is most common congenital tumor commonly present as an exophytic mass of varying size at coccyx. Aims and Objectives: (1) The aim is to find age, sex, and clinical presentation of cases of sacrococcygeal teratoma. (2) Application of American Academy of Pediatrics' surgical section classification and histological grading in all cases. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, observational study was conducted in the Department of Pathology in collaboration with the Department of Pediatric Surgery from February 2009 to January 2014. A total 13 cases of sacrococcygeal teratoma were included in the present study. The records of these patients were reviewed, and clinical profiles were noted. An average 12 slides were examined in each case to evaluate histological type and grades. Results: A retrospective study was conducted including thirteen cases of histologically confirmed sacrococcygeal teratoma over 5 years period. Male to female ratio was 1:2. As per as age distribution is concerned, 3 neonates (23%) presented with sacrococcygeal mass. Associated congenital malformation was seen in 2 cases (15.4%). According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (Altman's) classification, 23% of cases were Type I, 31% of cases patients Type II, 31% of cases Type III and 15% were for Type IV. The significant presacral component was noted in all malignant tumors. Conclusion: Two clinical patterns were observed in sacrococcygeal teratoma related to the age of presentation. As sacrococcygeal teratoma has potential to become malignant, meticulous search for the malignant component is required for histopathological categorization.
Trastuzumab Emtansine: Antibody-drug Conjugate in Treatment of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Gogia Ajay , Nigade Jagdish , Desai Chirag , Govind Babu K , Deshmukh Chetan , Swarup Binay 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-targeted therapies have improved clinical outcomes for patients at any stage of HER2-positive breast cancer (BC). Trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody that targets the HER2 receptor on BC cells, showed improved survival in metastatic BC (MBC). However, resistance to therapy arises in the majority of patients with advanced disease. Antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) is a relatively new development to deliver cytotoxic drugs specifically to cancer cells. Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is a HER2-targeted ADC, composed of trastuzumab, a stable thioether linker, and the potent cytotoxic agent, emtansine (DM1, derivative of maytansine). T-DM1 has been approved for use in patients with MBC who have failed prior therapy with trastuzumab and a taxane. Dose finding Phase I study established the maximum tolerated dose at 3.6 mg/kg every 3 weeks. Phase I and II studies of T-DM1 have shown clinical activity and a favorable safety profile in HER2-positive MBC patients. The Phase III randomized EMILIA and TR3RESA trials demonstrated that T-DM1 significantly improves progression-free and overall survival in pretreated HER2-positive MBC patients. Nausea and fatigue are most commonly reported adverse drug reactions with T-DM1 and cardiac toxicity comparable with standard of care therapies. The drug is well tolerated in most patients, with a predictable pharmacokinetic profile and minimal systemic exposure to free cytotoxic DM1. T-DM1 has emerged as an effective therapeutic option for the management of patients with HER2-positive MBC.
Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis as Presenting Manifestation of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Rana Davinder Singh , Rohatgi Anshu , Patel Samir , Dave Nikhil , Agarwal Rajat , Gupta Pooja 
Published: January 2018

AbstractLongitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) is an unusual manifestation of systemic malignancy. It has been mainly reported with lung cancers and lymphoproliferative malignancy. LETM in systemic malignancy can be caused by either intramedullary metastases or paraneoplastic syndrome. Occurrence of LETM as the first manifestation of malignancy has been rarely reported. We present clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings of a 66-year-old man with nonsmall-cell lung (adeno) carcinoma, who presented with LETM without having any cardinal manifestations of lung malignancy. The rarity of the disease and especially such a presentation can cause considerable delay in the diagnosis and treatment.
Childhood Primary Myelofibrosis Presented with Headache, Splenomegaly, and Severe Thrombocytosis: A Case Report
Authors: Tragiannidis Athanasios , Apsemidou Athanasia , Liampas Ioannis , Koletsa Triantafyllia 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPrimary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a clonal disorder of a multipotent hematopoietic progenitor cell that occurs predominantly in the elderly age group. We report here an 11-year-old girl who presented with headache, fever, and splenomegaly. Full blood cell count revealed severe thrombocytosis. Laboratory and radiology examinations excluded the diagnosis of essential/reactive thrombocytosis. Bone marrow biopsy showed megakaryocytic hyperplasia, reticulin and collagen fibrosis, and erythroid and myeloid hypoplasia, findings compatible to PMF. The patient was put symptomatically on hydroxyurea and hydration due to thrombocytosis and platelet number decreased. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was scheduled to avoid delaying definitive therapy and secondary complications such as infections and transfusion dependency. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of PMF in childhood in Greece.
Diagnosis of Tobacco Related Cancer has Impact on Consumption of Tobacco among Family Members and Friends of Patients
Authors: Pareekutty Nizamudheen Mangalasseri , Chanduveettil Jashma , Garg Apurva , Chakrabarti Swagnik , Mair Manish , Bansode Amol , Chaturvedi Pankaj 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Introduction: There is a saying that “cancer cures smoking” as people often quit tobacco after diagnosis of cancer. Very few studies have analyzed the change in tobacco habits of a user after diagnosis of cancer in a relative or friend. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 161 friends and relatives of 40 patients treated at Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India, were interviewed. They were given a questionnaire related to their tobacco habits. The results were analyzed statistically using Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann–Whitney test using SPSS. Results: Of the studied individuals, 114 were friends and 47 were blood relatives. 141 used smokeless tobacco, 18 were smokers, and 2 consumed tobacco in both the forms. The mean frequency of tobacco consumption among the friends and relatives before diagnosis of cancer was 12.24 per day and that at the time of interview was 9.76 per day. 35 persons (21.7%) stopped consumption whereas 19 (11.8%) reduced usage after diagnosis of cancer. The difference in mean consumption at median duration of 174 days is statistically significant (P = 0.0005). Conclusions: The diagnosis of tobacco-related cancer has significant impact on the tobacco consumption of friends and relatives. The abstinence rate is comparable to that of various tobacco deaddiction therapies in vogue.
Fórmulas para la prevención, formato narrativo vs expositivo. Análisis comparativo de sus efectos en el conocimiento, actitud y conducta de los jóvenes sobre el VPH
Authors: Martínez Martínez Luz , Cuesta Cambra Ubaldo , Serrano Villalobos Olga , Niño González José Ignacio 
Published: January 2018

Este trabajo investiga empíricamente si el uso de un formato narrativo estructurado en Facebook produce un mayor impacto en el conocimiento sobre el VPH y en las actitudes y conductas más preventivas, que presentando la misma información en un formato no narrativo, más tradicional y expositivo. Metodología: Se ha realizado diseño experimental unifactorial inter-sujetos con 114 jóvenes donde la variable independiente, con 2 niveles de tratamiento, fue “tipo del formato”, presentando dos perfiles de Facebook con la misma información sobre el VPH, pero en formatos diferentes, uno expositivo y otro narrativo. Resultados: El perfil expositivo mostró un incremento mayor en la variable conocimiento, mientras que el narrativo provocó mayor cambio en “actitud y conducta preventiva más responsable”. Discusión y conclusiones: Se confirma la mayor eficacia persuasiva del formato narrativo frente al expositivo en redes sociales, se explican los mecanismos mediacionales y se aconsejan nuevas estrategias que ayuden a la comprensión de la enfermedad.
STUDY OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITION OF SOIL HUMUS ACIDS OF EURO-ARCTIC REGION BY MOLECULAR ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY (UV / VISIBLE)
Authors: Prilutskaya Natal'ya S. , Korel'skaya Tat'yana A. , Popova Lyudmila F. 
Published: January 2018

Results of the structural and functional composition of soil humus acids in the Euro-Arctic Region are presented. The molecular absorption spectroscopy (UV / visible) was used to evaluate eco-protective role of soils in relation to heavy metals, which is especially important for the sensitive soils of the Arctic, formed under the influence of cryogenic processes. Different types of soils of the Euro-Arctic region: gleyish easy loamy pelosi on loamy moraine (Kanin Peninsula, Cape Kanin Nos); humus peat oligotrophic soil (Kolguev Island, Bugrino village); typical non-calcic loamy gley soil (Vaigach Island); gray humous iron sandy lithozem (Archipelago Franz Josef Land, Heys Island) were analyzed. An alkaline solution of sodium pyrophosphate was used to extract humus acids for investigate of the structural and functional composition. Humic, fulvic and gimatomelanic acids were extracted from a humus by conforming solvents with additional fulvic acids extraction by adsorption chromatography using activated carbon as a sorbent. UV mini-1240 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu) was used to record the UV / visible spectra using 0.005% alkaline solutions (0.1 N NaOH) of humus acids. It was demonstrated that humic and gimatomelanoic acids of humus peat oligotrophic soil have more developed peripheral aliphatic component. These acids have more ability to bind heavy metals and show their eco-protective role. The humus acids of other types of soils region have a more developed aromatic component in the Euro-Arctic. Such parameters as: calculated by the Pieravuori formula aromaticity, extinction coefficient Е0.005%1cm,465, adsorption ratio D400 /D600, characterizing the degree of humification and the adsorption ratio D465 / D650, characterizing the degree of aromatic nucleus condensation and conjugate fragments were used in the quantitative assessment of the nature of humus acids. Quantitative analysis of UV/visible spectra confirmed that the maximum barrier mechanism with respect to heavy metals will be the humic and gimatomelanoic acids of humus-peat oligotrophic soil, due to the high content of phenolic and carboxyl groups in these molecules, oxidation and a more developed chain of conjugated bonds in them in comparison with other acids. However, it was found that in all types of soils studied the process of humus formation proceeds mainly by a degradation type, that is, in the direction of formation of fulvic acids. Forcitation:Prilutskaya N.S., Korel'skaya T.A., Popova L.F. Study of structural and functional composition of soil humus acids of euro-arctic region by molecular absorption spectroscopy (UV / visible). Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 2. P. 97-103
CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER DISCRETE MODELING
Authors: Chernyavskaya Anastasiya S. , Bobkov Sergey P. 
Published: January 2018

The article presents the investigation results of the heat transfer process in a moving continuous medium. The lattice Boltzmann model (LBM) was used. This model is based on the principles of the cellular automata system. For the study, an orthogonal spatial lattice with diagonal constraints was adopted, by means of which the particle distribution functions were introduced from a discrete set of allowed velocities. These distribution functions were described by a discrete analogue of the Boltzmann kinetic equation. This approach made it possible to study the evolution of the distribution functions of particles in a continuous medium as a fuction of discrete-time steps. The model used made it possible to describe both mechanisms of thermal energy transfer in a moving medium – macroscopic and microscopic. In this case, the macroscopic transfer due to the motion of a continuous medium was determined by a change in the density of the particle distribution, and the microscopic (molecular) transport was determined by the relaxation heat exchange operator. This operator of the mathematical model characterized the redistribution of heat in a discrete region due to the collision of particles, that is, it takes into account the thermal conductivity of the medium. Since not only the moving continuous medium but also the boundary surfaces (walls, obstacles) participate in the heat exchange process, the elements taking into account this fact were included in the model. To test an adequacy of the approach used a software application was developed. It was used to simulate and visualize the process of heat transfer by a moving continuous medium. The application also allowed setting confining surfaces of various forms. An analysis of the computer experiment results allows us to state that the obtained data do not contradict to the real concepts of the processes of heat transfer in a moving fluid. The advantage of the proposed discrete approach is the possibility of describing hydrodynamic and thermal processes within the framework of a single model, which makes it quite convenient to use. In addition, this method makes it possible to solve heat transfer problems for objects that have a complex geometric configuration of the interfaces. Forcitation:Chernyavskaya A.S., Bobkov S.P. Convective heat transfer discrete modeling. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 2. P. 86-90
OS DESAFIOS DO CONCEITO DE EXPERIÊNCIA PARA PENSAR A PROFISSIONALIZAÇÃO DOCENTE
Authors: Villas Bôas Lúcia 
Published: January 2018

Presente desde há muito no campo conceitual educacional, as atuais discussões sobre os processos de formação e de profissionalização docentes têm, cada vez mais, colocado em evidência o conceito de experiência. Em que pese novas combinações de seu uso, tais como “saberes experienciais”, “saberes da experiência”, “formação experiencial”, “experiência formadora”, “experiência de vida” etc, as vias de construção da experiência, bem como a explicitação de seus significados, são ainda pouco analisadas. O objetivo desse texto é de explicitar as dificuldades em se trabalhar com esse conceito haja vista sua polissemia e diversidade de entendimento. Para isso, ele está estruturado em duas partes. A primeira, apresenta a associação entre experiência e formação de adultos como fundamentada, em larga medida, em modelos teóricos em que esse conceito teve um papel preponderante (sobretudo J. Dewey, D. Kolb e M. Knowles). A segunda, traz o recorte de uma pesquisa que, ao exemplificar a diversidade de entendimento da noção de « experiência » do ponto de vista dos professores, aponta para a necessidade de sua desnaturalização de modo a discutir a diversidade de seus usos sobretudo no campo da formação e da profissionalização docentes.
A formação do professor nos cursos de licenciatura: o que dizem os professores
Authors: Romanowski Joana Paulin , Martins Pura Lúcia Oliver , Koguti Maria Cristina , Maniesi Paulo Sérgio 
Published: January 2018

O texto aborda a formação realizada nos cursos de licenciatura a partir do que dizem os professores oriundos desses cursos, considerando a relação entre universidade e escola. Toma por base pesquisa realizada com professores da educação básica e estudantes de cursos de licenciatura, a partir do problema: quais são os indicadores dos professores da educação básica sobre sua formação e que se expressam em suas práticas docentes realizadas da educação básica? O objetivo é compreender a relação da universidade com a educação básica a partir de depoimentos de professores quanto à relação entre a sua prática pedagógica e a formação efetivada nos cursos de licenciatura de modo a indicar possíveis demandas para os cursos de licenciatura. A metodologia de abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa considera a investigação realizada por meio de entrevistas e questionários com professores e coordenadores da educação básica e estudantes desses cursos. A análise é baseada em Bardin (2010) e nos aportes teóricos do campo da formação docente, considerando como categorias básicas: os conhecimentos para a formação docente; a organização da prática pedagógica e a prática docente.
Estratégias de compreensão leitora: uma proposta de atividades desenvolvidas sob a perspectiva das metodologias ativas de ensino
Authors: Diesel Aline , Martins Silvana Neumann , Rehfeldt Márcia Jussara Hepp 
Published: January 2018

Este estudo se propõe a investigar como um acervo didático, elaborado à luz das metodologias ativas e voltado para o ensino de estratégias de leitura, pode contribuir para o aprimoramento da compreensão leitora de alunos do 5º e do 8º anos de uma escola municipal. Nesse viés, a pesquisa configurou-se em uma abordagem qualiquantitativa, em que os alunos foram submetidos a um pré e um pós-teste cloze, realizados antes e após a interação com um acervo didático. O tratamento dos dados coletados seguiu a avaliação quantitativa. Como resultados, constatou-se que, após a interação com o acervo didático, o percentual de evolução do 5º ano foi de 23,4%, ao passo que a evolução do 8º ano foi de 12,05%. Esses dados são significativos em relação ao pouco tempo de interação com o material, validando a pertinência do ensino de estratégias de compreensão leitora numa perspectiva das metodologias ativas de ensino.
Inflammatorisk fordøyelsessykdom - fra partnerens synsvinkel
Authors: Øverlie Anne , Grov Ellen Karine , Ytrehus Siri 
Published: January 2018

Inflammatory bowel disease leaves high physical, mental, social and existential burden on those facing the disease. Less is known about how their partners experience impact from the disease on their situation. From the perspective of the partners, this study describes the concerns highlighted by partners of persons with inflammatory bowel disease. The study has a qualitative design and in-depth interviews were performed to gather data. The sample consists of nine partners of persons with inflammatory bowel disease. Three main themes emerged: (i) uncertainty and helplessness, (ii) loss and (iii) attitudes and strategies to cope with concerns. A synthesis reveals the concept “caregiver-grief” comprising the relational and emotional concerns as well as how to deal with these concerns. Partners of persons living with inflammatory bowel disease describe grief and concern connected to their role as caregiver and spouse/cohabitant.