bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viewing Health Equity through a Legal Lens: Title VI of the 1964 Civil Rights Act
Authors: Rosenbaum Sara , Schmucker Sara 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Enacted as part of the watershed Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title VI prohibits discrimination by federally assisted entities on the basis of race, color, or national origin. Indeed, the law is as broad as federal funding across the full range of programs and services that affect health. Over the years, governmental enforcement efforts have waxed and waned, and private litigants have confronted barriers to directly invoking its protections. But Title VI endures as the formal mechanism by which the nation rejects discrimination within federally funded programs and services. Enforcement efforts confront problems of proof, remedies whose effectiveness may be blunted by underlying residential segregation patterns, and a judiciary closed to legal challenges focusing on discriminatory impact rather than intentional discrimination. But Title VI enforcement has experienced a resurgence, with strategies that seek to use the law as a basic compliance tool across the range of federally assisted programs. This resurgence reflects an enduring commitment to more equitable outcomes in federally funded programs that bear directly on community health, and it stands as a testament to the vital importance of a legal framework designed to move the nation toward greater health equity.
Immortalizing idealism: Recognizing the nation
Authors: Yi Wei Chew 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Idealism, as it was experienced in Singapore by the Chinese youths in the 1950s and 1960s, is seen by the ruling People’s Action Party to be dangerous and disruptive to the postcolonial project of nation-building. This article therefore argues that Sandcastle (Boo Junfeng, 2010) recognizes idealism by immortalizing it in order to recreate renewed knowledge structures of the nation’s histories. The film executes this through the politics of visibility qua the interaction between film and photography. Ultimately, Sandcastle reinforces and recognizes the multi-dimensionality of a nation’s memory by mediating the uneven interfaces of image and conflicting historical narratives.
Sequential determination of 99Tc and 126Sn in radioactive concentrate
Authors: Silliková Veronika , Dulanská Silvia 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This paper describes a new sequential method using anion exchange resin, which is commercially available from Eichrom Technologies, Inc., for the determination of 99Tc and 126Sn in nuclear waste samples. For the determination of non-actinide radionuclides in radioactive wastes, several methods have been recently introduced. This method is suitable for the separation of radionuclides 99Tc and 126Sn from acidic solutions. Samples after digestion were directly loaded in 2 mol·dm-3 HCl acid on a cation exchange resin and then on an anion exchange. They were eluted with HNO3. After elution, the eluted fractions were measured either by gamma spectrometry on an HPGe detector or liquid scintillation counter with high chemical recoveries for a short period of time. Activity concentrations of 126Sn were below minimum detectable activity (MDA) for each experiment. A new radioanalytical method for the sequential determination of 99Tc and 126Sn in radioactive concentrates has been developed and successfully applied. The main advantage of the method was the time required for the separation of radionuclides, which was only five hours, and single column separation for the determination of these radionuclides, which makes the method very effective and cheap.
An unusual case of rapidly forming severe oral lesions involving bacterial infection in a dog
Authors: Ravnik Verbič Urška , Plavec Tanja , Zdovc Irena , Juntes Polona , Nemec Ana 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe term oronasal fistula refers to an acquired communication between the oral and nasal cavities, and can result from several conditions. However, oronasal fistula formation has not yet been described to be associated with bacterial infections. We have described in this case report for the first time a rapidly forming oronasal fistula and severe lingual lesions in a dog, involving an infection withStreptococcus canis. The patient was a 9-year-old male intact Golden Retriever with a nonspecific history of depression, mild pyrexia, anorexia and retching lasting for two days. Within four days he developed an extensive oronasal fistula, several pseudomembranous erosions, ulcerations and necrotic areas of the tongue and bronchopneumonia. Histopathology of the tongue revealed severe multifocal necrotizing and suppurative subchronic inflammation.Streptococcus canis, Pasteurella multocida,andStaphylococcus pseudintermediuswere isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage and the oronasal fistula. Despite the treatment, the dog developed necrotizing fasciitis and the owners elected euthanasia.
Application of the New Self-dynamisable Internal Fixator in the Treatment of Femoral Shaft Fractures
Authors: Mitković Milan , Milenković Saša , Micić Ivan , Stojiljković Predrag , Kostić Igor , Milenković Slobodan , Jelača Dražen , Mitković Milorad 
Published: June 2017

Summary
The aim of this study was to present the results of one original method application in internal fixation of long bones.
The series of 27 patients with unilateral fractures of femoral shaft was analyzed. According to AO classification, 21 fractures were classified as 32A, five as 32B, and one as 32C type. Original diaphyseal self-dynamisable internal fixator (model 1) was used as a fixation implant, consisting of three components: specially designed extramedullary bar, clamps and screws. The main feature of this implant is a possibility to become dynamic in the axial direction spontaneously if there is no sufficient fracture healing. Because of that, this implant is known as an „intelligent implant“. Surgical method included a standard surgical approach and minimally invasive surgical approach.
Minimally invasive technique of application required less blood transfusion and shorter surgery time when compared to the standard surgical approach. The duration of used intraoperative fluoroscopy control was 7(3-18) seconds. The average healing time was 4.3 (3.5-9.5) months. There were neither intra operative nor postoperative complications.
In comparison to intramedullary nails, self-dynamisable internal fixator provides a similar treatment results, while in comparison to plates it provides fewer mechanical complications. Self-dynamisable internal fixator method preserves periosteal and intramedullary blood circulation, and it is the first fixation implant with a possibility of spontaneous axial dynamising activation when needed.
This implant has been proven as suitable for routine use in the treatment of femoral shaft fractures.
Large Country Screening to Discover all Domestic Animal Herds Affected by Selected Zoonoses
Authors: Kouba Václav 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Effective country-wide preventive, control and eradication programmes require full knowledge of specific epizootiological situation. A description is given of a three-year international programme aimed at control of animal glanders, tuberculosis and brucellosis that was carried out simultaneously in all 16 Mongolian provinces by expeditions of veterinary staff of five countries. The objective was to discover all domestic animal herds affected by these infections transmissible to humans and to initiate particular control programmes. A total of 37, 608, 253 specific tests were carried out. Ratios of the investigations to population average (I/P) were as follows: tests for glanders in horses 2.43 and in camels 0.53; tests for brucellosis in cattle 1.42, in camels 0.69, in sheep 1.53, and in goats 1.37; tests for tuberculosis in cattle 1.53. The following results of testing were obtained: for glanders, from 5,046,070 allergic tests in horses 241,157 were positive, i.e. 4.78 %; from 332,684 allergic tests in camels 380 were positive, i.e. 0.11 %; from 126,960 serological tests in horses 24,760 were positive, i.e. 19.50 %. Results of serological testing for brucellosis, from 2,892,658 tests in cattle 192,601 were positive, i.e. 6.66 %, from 432,919 tests in camels 9,987 were positive, i.e. 2.31 %, from 19,533,637 tests in sheep 320,709 were positive, i.e. 1.64 % and from 5,834,450 tests in goats 136,222 were positive, i.e. 2.33 %. From 677,402 allergic tests for tuberculosis in cattle in two provinces 427 were positive, i.e. 0.06 %. This programme required an estimated 120,000 expedition person-working days and about twice as many assisting person-working days. Apart from local effects during these expeditions, the results created a basis for national long-term follow-up and preventive, control and eradication measures for these diseases.
Effect of Centrifugation on Motility, Sperm Capacitation and Acrosome Reaction in Soy Bean and Avocado Seed Milk Extenders of Cryopreserved Goat Spermatozoa
Authors: Daramola James Ola 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRemoval of seminal plasma by centrifugation (0 centrifugation, 1 centrifugation, 2 centrifugations, 3 centrifugations) and preservation in two different tris-extenders viz., avocado seed milk (ASM) and soy bean milk (SBM) based extenders were studied for their ability to support motility,in vitrocapacitation and acrosome reaction of spermatozoa obtained from West African Dwarf (WAD) goat bucks during cryopreservation. Semen samples collected with the aid of artificial vagina were centrifuged for one, two and three times. The centrifuged samples were diluted with the two tris-extenders each containing 20 mL of avocado seed milk and soybean milk and cryopreserved for 30 days. The results showed higher (P< 0.05) sperm motility (P< 0.05) with increased centrifugation times. Spermatozoa that were centrifuged had higher (P< 0.05) percentage of acrosome reaction and capacitation with increased centrifugation times compared to the control. Optimal improvement in these parameters was obtained with increased centrifugation times. The findings revealed that removal of seminal plasma by centrifugation improved sperm quality of WAD goat bucks during cryopreservation and optimum improvement was achieved consistently with 3 centrifugations.
Stability of nonlinear Volterra equations
Authors: Ngoc P. H. A. , Hieu L. T. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractUsing a novel approach, we present some new explicit criteria for global exponential stability of the zero solution of general nonlinear time-varying Volterra difference equations. Furthermore, an explicit stability bound for equations subject to nonlinear time-varying perturbations is given. Finally, the obtained results are used to study uniform attraction of equilibrium of discrete-time bidirectional associative memory (BAM) neural networks. Some illustrative examples are given.
An Improved Neuron Segmentation Model for Crack Detection – Image Segmentation Model
Authors: Hao Ming , Lu Caifeng , Wang Guoqing , Wang Wei 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
It is still very challenging to establish a unified and robust framework to perform accurate and complete crack extraction from images with cluttered background, various morphological differences and even with shadow influence. In this paper, an improved neuron segmentation model with two stages is proposed for crack segmentation. Firstly, a robust crack indicator function is designed based on local directional filtering; it makes up for the traditional function based on hessian matrix, which is resulting in problem of local structure discontinuities. After obtaining the indicator function, the crack detection is performed in an integrated mode; it is incorporating the automated directional region growing without manual intervention by adopting level sets; then efficient and complete crack segmentation is realized by iterative contour evolution. The performance of the proposed model is demonstrated by experiments on three kinds of grouped crack sample images and the quantitative evaluation. We also argue that the proposed model is applicable for biomedical image segmentation.
Performance Prediction for Students: A Multi-Strategy Approach
Authors: Tran Thi-Oanh , Dang Hai-Trieu , Dinh Viet-Thuong , Truong Thi-Minh-Ngoc , Vuong Thi-Phuong-Thao , Phan Xuan-Hieu 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a study on Predicting Student Performance (PSP) in academic systems. In order to solve the task, we have proposed and investigated different strategies. Specifically, we consider this task as a regression problem and a rating prediction problem in recommender systems. To improve the performance of the former, we proposed the use of additional features based on course-related skills. Moreover, to effectively utilize the outputs of these two strategies, we also proposed a combination of the two methods to enhance the prediction performance. We evaluated the proposed methods on a dataset which was built using the mark data of students in information technology at Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU). The experimental results have demonstrated that unlike the PSP in e-Learning systems, the regression-based approach should give better performance than the recommender system-based approach. The integration of the proposed features also helps to enhance the performance of the regression-based systems. Overall, the proposed hybrid method achieved the best RMSE score of 1.668. These promising results are expected to provide students early feedbacks about their (predicted) performance on their future courses, and therefore saving times of students and their tutors in determining which courses are appropriate for students’ ability.
Is it ‘more normal’ to enhance than to restore our nature?
Authors: Hähnel Martin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this paper I give a short overview about the general implications of issues of human nature within the field of human enhancement. The first section of my contribution deals with a certain intertwining of human enhancement and the intrinsic claims of human nature, showing that a non-statistical concept of human nature can play a crucial role in the debate on human enhancement. After that, my aim is to validate that particular enhancements (e.g. neuro-enhancement) fall under the same normative criteria as “normal enhancement”, only requiring a special contextual awareness to co-exist with it ethically. Methodically, my intention is to draw on quasi-naturalist approaches, which argue that our nature as humans is not a “mixed bag”, but seems to be wholly constituted by its species-related characteristics. As a result, we can state that our evaluations of living beings or life forms, which are also evaluations of our methods of medical treatments and of our ethical attitudes, depend on our picture of human nature.
Functional control of polypeptide GalNAc-transferase 3 through an acetylation site in the C-terminal lectin domain
Authors: Lorenz Virginia , Cejas Romina B. , Bennett Eric P. , Nores Gustavo A. , Irazoqui Fernando J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractO-GalNAc glycans are important structures in cellular homeostasis. Their biosynthesis is initiated by members of the polypeptide GalNAc-transferase (ppGalNAc-T) enzyme family. Mutations in ppGalNAc-T3 isoform cause diseases (congenital disorders of glycosylation) in humans. The K626 residue located in the C-terminal β-trefoil fold of ppGalNAc-T3 was predicted to be a site with high likelihood of acetylation by CBP/p300 acetyltransferase. We used a site-directed mutagenesis approach to evaluate the role of this acetylation site in biological properties of the enzyme. Two K626 mutants of ppGalNAc-T3 (T3K626Qand T3K626A) had GalNAc-T activities lower than that of wild-type enzyme. Direct and competitive interaction assays revealed that GalNAc recognition by the lectin domain was altered in the mutants. The presence of GlcNAc glycosides affected the interaction of the three enzymes with mucin-derived peptides. In GalNAc-T activity assays, the presence of GlcNAc glycosides significantly inhibited activity of the mutant (T3K626Q) that mimicked acetylation. Our findings, taken together, reveal the crucial role of the K626 residue in the C-terminal β-trefoil fold in biological properties of human ppGalNAc-T3. We propose that acetylated residues on ppGalNAc-T3 function as control points for enzyme activity, and high level of GlcNAc glycosides promote a synergistic regulatory mechanism, leading to a metabolically disordered state.
Waste Management in Bronze Age Europe
Authors: Havlíček Filip , Kuča Martin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis article deals with the relationship between humans and waste in the Bronze Age. Based on selected examples of waste management strategies from the European Bronze Age, it presents an overview of different strategies. In comparison with the preceding Stone Age, a new type of material began to appear: metal. The process involved in producing metal objects, however, brought with it the appearance of a specific type of waste material that is indelibly linked to the production of metal. This article also deals with the significance of ritualized social activities in the Bronze Age, which materialized in waste and waste management strategies.
A new branch and bound algorithm for minimax ratios problems
Authors: Zhao Yingfeng , Liu Sanyang , Jiao Hongwei 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This study presents an efficient branch and bound algorithm for globally solving the minimax fractional programming problem (MFP). By introducing an auxiliary variable, an equivalent problem is firstly constructed and the convex relaxation programming problem is then established by utilizing convexity and concavity of functions in the problem. Other than usual branch and bound algorithm, an adapted partition skill and a practical reduction technique performed only in an unidimensional interval are incorporated into the algorithm scheme to significantly improve the computational performance. The global convergence is proved. Finally, some comparative experiments and a randomized numerical test are carried out to demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed algorithm.
The Various Ways of Being Mobile: Habitual Knowledge, Life-Strategies and the Ancient Route Networks on the Eastern Marmarica- Plateau (Northern Libyan Desert)
Authors: Rieger Anna-Katharina 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMobility, from a historical perspective, comprises a broad variety of movements of people. This paper focuses on the mobility of multisited groups, based on the preconditions that an arid environment imposes on mobility. The Eastern Marmarica-Plateau in NW-Egypt in Graeco-Roman times (5th century BCE to 4th century CE) serves as case study of the various ways in which people in such landscapes were mobile, and what we can infer from the aspect of mobility about their social practices. In order to elucidate these issues, the discussion centres on archaeological-historical methodology and theoretical implications of mobility and the wayfaring of inhabitants of arid lands. Moreover, the question is pursued of how routes emerged and how habitual knowledge was cemented in order to establish the trails used by generations to follow. The paper shows the interconnection and similarities between the mobility of multisited communities and the seemingly so different mobility of crop-growing groups, according to the exploitation, availability and exchange of resources and goods. As a general concern, the alleged dichotomy of sedentary and nomadic mobility is challenged and replaced by a more open concept of space and place. Mobility, the complexity of interactions and hence the routes themselves are not so much shaped by fixed socio-cultural ascriptions of life-strategies to certain agents, rather by implicit knowledge, varying social practices, and economic drivers.
Hide and Seek. Roads, Lookouts and Directional Visibility Cones in Central Anatolia
Authors: Turchetto Jacopo , Salemi Giuseppe 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn Cappadocia (central Turkey), routes that were only of a secondary importance during the Roman age acquired a new relevance starting from the end of the 7th century. In this framework, to what extent did the archaeological evidence match the picture recalled by the written sources? To address this question, the relationship between movement and visibility was considered and view shed analyses were conducted from targeted and strategic spots set along the routes considered. This allowed to better understand the role and the different functions of those axes crossing Cappadocia, and to evaluate the Byzantine/Arab military strategies in central Anatolia.
Los niños y la publicidad desde la perspectiva de padres, abogados y religiosos / Children and advertising from the perspective of parents, lawyers and religious persons
Authors: Fiz-Pérez Javier , Giorgi Gabriele , Sánchez Martínez Blanca 
Published: June 2017

Para entender si la publicidad está organizada como una representación social compartida, la investigación se ha centrado en las representaciones sociales de una muestra de sujetos en los que la elaboración de la “norma” no es casual, sino más bien el objetivo de su profesión: se trata de abogados, que representan cómo los sujetos se relacionan con las “normas jurídicas”, sacerdotes, con la “norma ideológica” y padres, con la “norma socioeducativa”, en el contexto de la televisión, la publicidad y los niños. Especialmente en la consideración acerca de si los anuncios deberían ajustarse al ya establecido horario infantil. Para los niños, a diferencia de los adultos, la televisión no es una forma de relajación y evasión ya que para ellos implica gran empeño y gran esfuerzo, que realizan a través de procesos en los que intervienen factores cognitivos como: la atención, la comprensión, el recuerdo, el gusto y la identificación. La metodología empleada es tanto cualitativa como cuantitativa, a través de encuestas. La confianza y la disposición de compra están estrechamente relacionadas con la comprensión, área en la que no aparecen referencias de género. Los niños y las niñas de ocho años muestran una alta confianza en el mensaje publicitario, creen a las personas que aparecen en los anuncios y ejercen un fuerte poder de compra sobre sus propios padres.
La implicación del docente en los ambientes educativos mediados por tecnologías / Involvement of the teacher in technology-mediated educational environments
Authors: Islas Torre Claudia 
Published: June 2017

La presencia de tecnologías de información y comunicación en las instituciones educativas de nivel superior originó que las formas de acceso al conocimiento se modificaran, las instituciones ofrecen alternativas de formación distintas y los docentes y aprendices participan jugando roles diversificados que parecen depender del contexto o el escenario educativo, impactando en el desempeño de los actores del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje. En este sentido, el objetivo del presente escrito es dar a conocer desde un enfoque sistémico cómo ha sido la implicación del docente en los ambientes educativos mediados por tecnologías. El fundamento epistémico de este trabajo es la Teoría General de Sistemas a través del Enfoque Sistémico. La investigación se llevó a cabo bajo un paradigma de investigación mixto (cuantitativo-cualitativo). En la etapa cuantitativa se identificaron las acciones que describen la implicación del docente en el ambiente, a raíz de la relevancia de estos datos se procedió a una fase cualitativa donde se profundizó la información obtenida y se dio cualidad a los datos, explicando sus porqués. Desde la perspectiva teórica con que se abordó la investigación se determinó la necesidad de observar integralmente el fenómeno de la implicación docente en los ambientes educativos mediados por tecnologías, los resultados indican que dicha implicación contempla cuestiones cognitivas, actitudinales, pedagógicas y comunicacionales, los factores tecnológicos marcan las acciones docentes pero pesan más sus creencias, disponibilidad y competencias digitales. Para los docentes este tipo de ambientes son una manera de flexibilizar los procesos educativos, aunque dan mayor importancia a la presencialidad.