bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The New Great Imitator – Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Lyme Disease
Authors: Cochat Costa Rodrigues M.C. , Moreira I. , Peixoto M.J. , Silveira C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionLyme disease, caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferri as recognized as a possible cause of multisystemic signals and symptoms, including symptomatology of the central as well as the peripheral nervous system.ObjectivesIdentification of neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with Lyme disease.MethodsLiterature review in the light of researched articles published in Pubmed/Medline as well as related bibliography.ResultsSince the identification of the etiology of syphilis in the early twentieth century, mental health professionals consider the fact that serious psychiatric symptoms can be caused by infections of the central nervous system and that early antibiotic treatment can prevent permanent neurological/psychiatric damage. Syphilis was known as “the great imitator” because its multiple manifestations mimic other known diseases. In recent years, a new epidemic, also with multiple manifestations emerged–Lyme disease, also known as the “new great imitator”. Like syphilis, Lyme disease may be associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms, which means that often these cases are initially referred for psychiatric services, before another diagnosis is made. The incorrect assessment of these patients as individuals with functional psychiatric disease can result in a delay in the start of antibiotic treatment and may cause serious neurological and psychiatric damage.ConclusionsAccording to the review, the authors propose that in the evaluation of acute psychiatric disease or atypical chronic disease, with poor therapeutic response, Lyme disease should be considered and ruled out, especially if there is epidemiological context and absence of psychiatric family antecedents.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Features of Coronary Heart Disease Course in Patients with Depressive Disorders
Authors: Garganeeva N. , Belokrylova M. 
Published: June 2017

Multifactor risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) development is associated with susceptibility and depressive reaction to stressful situations that causes search for ways of optimization of integrative assistance to CHD patients with depressive disorders.ObjectiveTo carry out comparative analysis of dynamics of mental and physical state in CHD pateints.Material and methodsTwo hundred and eighty (57.74 ± 5.59 years) CHD patients with grade II–III angina pectoris were examined. Psychopathological method, Center of Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D) were used.ResultsNinety patients (32.1%) had depressive disorders within depressive episode, dysthymia, adjustment disorder. The level of depression according to CES-D varied from 19 to 28 points. Comparative analysis of two groups of patients showed that CHD patients with depression had more severe grade III angina (22.1% vs. 11.6%; P = 0.036) more frequently. Differences regarding frequency of arterial hypertension (AH) (91.1% vs. 63.2%; P = 0.0002), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) (26.8% vs. 17.5%; P = 0.038), obesity (30.7 ± 3.9 vs. 29.5 ± 4.5; P = 0.015), arrhythmias (34.4% vs. 25.2%; P = 0.015); cases of myocardial infarction (47.8% vs. 17.9%; P = 0.0001) were revealed. Among patients with depressive disorders persons with experience of surgical myocardial revascularization (P = 0.004), degree II–III of disability (23.3% vs. 11.6%; P = 0.0118) were present more frequently. Patients with depression were characterized by low economic status (64.4% vs. 23.7%; P = 0.0001); absence of social support (34.4% vs. 12.6%; P = 0.0001); frequent stress situations in personal history (71.1% vs. 32.6%; P = 0.0002).ConclusionsDepressive disorders caused by psychosocial stress influence negatively CHD course that requires complex approach to therapy of comorbid pathology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Depression Among Cancer Patients–A Reality Where Therapeutic Nihilism Cannot be Accepted
Authors: Marinho M. , Marques J. , Bragança M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionCancer is a life-threatening disease, characterized by a great deal of uncertainty and unpredictability. Thus, several stressors and emotional upheavals pervade the everyday life of cancer patients and can lead to the development of depression.ObjectivesTo review the recent research related to depression in cancer patients.MethodsLiterature review based on PubMed/MEDLINE, using the keywords “cancer” and “depression”.ResultsIt is estimated that 20–25% of cancer patients meet the criteria for major depressive syndrome at some point in their illness. Depression is associated with a negative impact on treatment adhesion, cancer progression and quality of life, besides increasing suicide risk. However, it is often unrecognized and untreated. Importantly, the mistaken belief that depressive symptoms are expected in this group, the overlap between the neurovegetative symptoms of depression, the somatic symptoms of cancer and its treatment, as well as the effects of comorbid diseases make the diagnosis of major depression so complex in these patients. Some of the most helpful diagnostic indicators are feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, excessive guilt, loss of self-esteem, and wishes to die. The several risk factors for the development of depression in cancer patients can be divided into four broad categories, namely cancer-related factors, cancer treatment-related factors, psychiatric history, and social factors. Effective management of depression consists in a combination of psychotherapy and psychopharmacology.ConclusionDepression in cancer patients has serious consequences, however appropriate psychiatric intervention can do it over. Thus, its early recognition and appropriate management is imperative.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Childhood parental childrearing differently influences on adulthood fears, agoraphobia and navigation strategy selection in females and males
Authors: Kállai J. , Rózsa S. , Vincze G. , Martin L. , Csathó Á. , Dorn K. , Török I. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionUsing self-report assessment methods, the present study examined affective factors that influenced the gender specific use of a survey-based orientation strategy and landmark-based route-finding strategy in an unfamiliar environment. First, we analyzed the role of early navigation experiences and the influence of early parental attachment (emotional warmth, overprotection and rejection) on way finding strategy. Second, the study analyzed the intercorrelations between way finding strategies and fear-related avoidance behavior and anxiousness.MethodsThree hundred and sixteen male and female students were recruited in a study to analyze the relationships between navigation strategies, fears, early parental childrearing behavior and navigation experiences. We proposed that use of navigation strategy depends on not only the physical features of the current environment and the participants’ gender, but also fears of closed and opened spaces and types of perceived parental childrearing behavior.ResultsWe found that when exploring strange places, females used a route-finding strategy in contrast to males who used an orientation strategy for exploring a strange environment. Fear enhanced the preference for a route-finding strategy in both females and males. A route-finding strategy was associated with agoraphobic scores in females and with social fears in males. Perceived rejection from father and emotional warmth from mother together induces usage of route-finding navigation strategy.ConclusionThe family background influence on the capability to have personal experiences in unfamiliar environment and to cope with fears and behavioral avoidance in strange opened and closed places.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Interaction Between Oxytocin Gene Variants and Perceived Parenting in Relation to Social Anxiety in Adolescents: Evidence for Differential Susceptibility Effects
Authors: Olofsdotter S. , Åslund C. , Furmark T. , Comasco E. , Nilsson K. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAdolescence is a period of increasing demands in independent social functioning where parenting style may have an impact on social anxiety. A context-dependent effect of oxytocin on human social behavior has been suggested, however research on the gene coding for oxytocin (OXT) has mostly been reported without considering contextual factors.AimThis study investigated interactions between parenting style and polymorphic variations in the OXT gene in association with social anxiety symptoms in a community sample of adolescents.MethodsThe study group consisted of 1359 adolescents. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms located near OXT, rs4813625 and rs2770378, were genotyped. Social anxiety and perceived parenting style were assessed by behavioral questionnaires.ResultsSignificant joint effects in line with the differential susceptibility framework were observed for rs4813625 with parenting style. The levels of social anxiety among C allele carriers were conditional on the level of supportive parenting style whereas homozygote G carriers’ levels of social anxiety were unaffected by supportive parenting style. The nature of the interactions between rs2770378 and parenting style was in line with the diatheses-stress model. However, associations of rs2770378 and parenting style with social anxiety became nonsignificant in nonlinear models.ConclusionsThe study provides preliminary evidence for a modifying effect of supportive parenting style on the relationship between rs4813625 and social anxiety symptoms in adolescents, independent of sex. The findings may be interpreted from the perspective of the social salience hypotheses of oxytocin, with rs4813625 affecting social anxiety levels along a perceived unsafe–safe social context dimension.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Epidemiology of Bipolar Spectrum Disorder: Results from the General Population Survey of South Korea
Authors: Chang S. , Young C. Tae , Sung-Won J. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPatients with subthreshold bipolar disorder (sub-BP) experience severe clinical courses and functional impairments, which are comparable to those with bipolar I and II disorders (BP-I and -II). Nevertheless, lifetime prevalence, socioeconomic correlates and diagnostic overlaps of bipolar spectrum disorder (BPS) have not yet been estimated in the general population of South Korean adults.AimsThis study aimed to estimate the lifetime prevalence, correlates and diagnostic comorbidities of BPS using a validated screening instrument in the nationwide general population of South Korea.MethodsA total of 3013 adults among the 2011 Korean Epidemiologic Catchment Area survey (KECA-2011) completed face-to-face interviews using the Korean versions of the composite international diagnostic interview 2.1 and mood disorder questionnaire (K-CIDI and K-MDQ).ResultsThe lifetime prevalence of BPS in the South Korean adults was measured to be 4.3% (95% CI 2.6–6.9). Nearly 80% of the subjects with BPS were codiagnosed with other DSM-IV nonpsychotic mental disorders: 35.4% (95% CI 24.2–48.5) for major depression and dysthymic disorder, 35.1% (95% CI 27.7–43.3) for anxiety disorders and 51.9% (95% CI 40.5–63.1) for alcohol and nicotine use disorders. Younger age (18–34 years) was the only sociodemographic predictor of BPS positivity (P = 0.014) and the diagnostic overlap patterns were different between men and women.ConclusionsPositivity for BPS was estimated to be much greater than the prevalence of DSM-IV BP in South Korea. Most of the respondents with BPS were diagnosed with other major mental disorders and this might be related with mis and/or underdiagnosis of clinically relevant Sub-BP.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Longitudinal Effects of Experiential Avoidance on Depression Symptoms in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Trindade I.A. , Ferreira C. , Pinto-Gouveia J. 
Published: June 2017

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been vastly associated with the development of depression and it is thus considered that the mechanisms that underlie this link should be explored. The present study aimed to examine the longitudinal effects of IBD symptoms and a maladaptive emotion regulation process, experiential avoidance (defined as the tendency to attempt to control internal experiences), on depression symptoms. The sample comprised 116 IBD patients of both sexes that completed validated self-report measures on an online platform in three different times (equally spaced 9 months apart) during an 18-month period. Results demonstrated that IBD symptomatology at baseline was linked to experiential avoidance and depressed mood 9 and 18 months later. The level of experiential avoidance at baseline was also correlated with the subsequent experience of depression symptoms, 9 and 18 months later. Results also revealed that, although IBD symptomatology at baseline predicted depressive symptomatology 18 months later (β = 0.24; P = 0.008), when experiential avoidance at baseline was added to this model, this process became the only predictor of the outcome (β = 0.60; P < 0.001; R2 = 0.41). These results corroborate previous literature by indicating that IBD symptomatology may lead to depression symptomatology. Nevertheless, the current study additionally revealed that the engagement in experiential avoidance – that is, in attempts at controlling the frequency, form or intensity of internal experiences – might have a greater role on the determination of patients’ depressed mood than the experience of adverse physical symptomatology. Maladaptive forms of emotion regulation in IBD patients should be targeted to prevent depression symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Impact of Age on the Prevalence and Clinical Relevance of Attenuated Psychotic Symptoms in Patients of an Early Detection Service
Authors: Schultze-Lutter F. , Michel C. , Schimmelmann B.G. , Hubl D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionCompared to 16–40-year-olds, 8–15-year-olds of the community reported higher frequencies of perceptual and lesser clinical significance of non-perceptual attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS).Objectives/aimsWe examined if a similar age effect is present in a clinical never-psychotic sample (n = 133) referred to a specialized service for clinical suspicion of developing psychosis.MethodsAPS and brief intermittent psychotic symptoms (BIPS) were assessed using items P1-3 and P5 (non-perceptual) and P4 (perceptual) of the structured interview for psychosis-risk syndromes, current axis-I disorders with the mini-international neuropsychiatric interview and psychosocial functioning with the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (score < 71 indicative of at least some difficulty in social, occupational, or school functioning).ResultsOverall, 64% reported APS (61%) or BIPS (7%); any perceptual APS/BIPS was reported by 43% and any non-perceptual APS/BIPS by 44%. In correspondence to the results of the community study, perceptual but not non-perceptual APS/BIPS were significantly more frequent in younger age groups below the age of 16 (8–12 yrs: OR = 4.7 (1.1–19.5); 13–15 yrs: OR = 2.7 (0.9–7.7); 20–24-year-olds as reference group). An age effect of APS/BIPS on presence of any current axis-I disorder (59%) or functional difficulties (67%) could not be detected. Yet, when APS onset requirements were met, the likelihood of a psychiatric diagnosis increased significantly with advancing age.ConclusionOverall, the replicated age effect on perceptual APS in this clinical sample highlights the need to examine ways to distinguish clinically relevant perceptual APS from perceptual aberrations likely remitting over the course of adolescence.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A Cross-correlation Analysis of the Cyclicity of Italian Suicide Rates and Online Suicide-related Search Volumes
Authors: Solano P. , Ustulin M. , Vichi M. , Vecchio R. , Poggio A. , Pompili M. , Serafini G. , Amore M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPeople seeking information and news regarding suicide are likely to use the Internet. There is contrasting evidence about the relationship between the cyclicity of suicide-related search volumes and national suicide-rates in different countries.ObjectivesThe objectives were to investigate first the cyclicity of Italian suicides and online suicide-related searches carried out by the Italian population in the same time frame (2008–2012) and analyze the correlation between the two cyclicities.AimsThe study aimed to gain further insights on suicide-related internet use and its relationships to completed suicides.MethodsItalian mortality database provided monthly national data concerning suicides (2008–2012). Google trends provided data of online monthly search-volumes of the term “suicide”; “commit suicide”; “how to commit suicide” in Google search (2008–2014).ResultsSeasonal AR model suits the trend of Italian suicides with a periodic 1-year cycle. No specific cyclicity for Google search volumes for “how to commit suicide” and “to commit suicide” was found (ARIMA [0,1,1] and ARIMA [1,0,1] respectively). Google search time series for “suicide” performed with ARIMA (1,1,1) and the cross correlation analysis showed that it lags national suicides of three months (ρ = 0.482, P-value < 0.001).ConclusionsOnline searches for suicide-related terms in Italy are more linked to factors other than suicidality such as personal interest and bereavement. To our knowledge, no previous study reported a lag of three months between online searches for “suicide” and national suicides. This may shed further light on the grieving process being of help in organizing effective supportive strategies for the survivors.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Influence of Gender in Patients Attended in Emergency Rooms for Suicidal Tendencies
Authors: Mata Saenz B. , Segura Escobar E. , Lopez Lavela E. , Asensio Aguerri L.-M. , Nuevo Fernandez L. , Rodriguez Cano T. , Beato Fernández L. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe first time when people attempt suicide first contact is critical. Psychiatrists must decide to hospitalize them or follow-up in mental health units and the bases of a doctor-patient relationship are formed.ObjectivesAn analysis of referrals to psychiatry from the emergency room (ER) was developed. Our objective was to discover if there was a statistical correlation between gender and other variables, especially repeated visits and admissions.MethodsOur sample was composed of patients who visited the ER for suicidal tendencies for 20 months. We carried out an observational retrospective study. The variables collected were: age, gender, cause, repeated visit (visit to the ER in the following two months), previous attempts, previous follow-up, method used, use of toxic substances during the attempt, intentionality, referral from the ER, later follow-up and diagnostic impression at the ER.ResultsA total of 620 patients were sampled. The relationship between gender and repeated visit, previous attempts, dysfunctional personality traits, use of substances and later follow-up was found (Chi2). Although the relationship between admissions and gender were not statistically significant, influence by gender (over all in males) can be observed in logistic regression models. As well as, in patients who visited the ER several times, dysfunctional personality traits seem to be the most common but gender marks significant differences between groups.ConclusionsThe data obtained is consistent with those reported in previous studies. To know who the riskier groups are can allow professionals to plan protocols and unify admission criteria.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Genetic Counselling in Psychiatric Disorder with High Suicide Risk
Authors: Cozman D. , Moldovan R. , Nemes B. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionA better understanding of the genomics of mental illnesses allowed genetic counselling to be provided to individuals with severe mental illness and their families.AimThe present study was aimed at assessing the efficacy of genetic counselling for severe mental illnesses with high suicide risk.MethodAssessment was performed before and after genetic counselling session. Measures used were evaluation of traumatic events in childhood, multidimensional scale for perception of social support (SMSSP), positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS-X), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Paykel questionnaire and Genetic Counselling Outcome Scale (GCOS). Paykel's questionnaire consists of five questions about suicidal thoughts and attempts, including: life-weariness, death wishes, suicidal ideation, suicidal plans and suicide attempts. Intervention and assessment lasted approximately one and a half hour. Data from 48 patients was analysed.ResultsMean age of participants was M = 38.4, SD = 9.7, and the group was batter represented by females (57%). The participants had various diagnoses, 22% had schizophrenia, 36% bipolar disorder and 42% recurrent depressive disorder. Forty percent of participants reported suicidal ideation and 22,5% had a past history of suicide attempt. Genetic counselling had a direct positive influence upon GCOS specific items and reduced the Paykel scores among participants presenting with suicidal ideation.ConclusionGenetic counselling offers information about the disorder, the role of genetics and the impact of environmental factors. Preliminary data suggest that providing genetic counselling decreases the suicidal ideation frequency.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.