bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periconceptional folic acid and the prevention of neural tube defects: Some food for thought for Canadian paediatricians
Authors: DAVIS DEBORAH J 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
To review the data supporting the periconceptional use of folic acid for the prevention of neural tube defects and to explore how Canadian physicians can help foster preventive strategies.

DATA SOURCES:
Articles found through a MEDLINE search, 1990 to 1996, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1995. Questionnaire survey of selected group of women of childbearing age (November 1994). Chart review of all children with newly diagnosed neural tube defects admitted to the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, between 1989 and 1994.

DATA SELECTION:
Epidemiological studies and randomized trials of supplemental folic acid for prevention of neural tube defects. Epidemio-logical studies and randomized trials of dietary folic acid.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
An increased periconceptional folic acid intake can prevent the recurrence of and the first occurrence of neural tube defects. However, consumption of adequate folic acid as natural food folate is relatively ineffective. Furthermore, few women are aware of the need for increased folic acid intake, despite Health Canada recommendations, nor do physicians seem to discuss the prevention of neural tube defects with patients.

CONCLUSION:
Better physician awareness, public education and supplementation of a staple food with folic acid are necessary to make the preventive strategy against neural tube defects effective.
Improved Discrimination of Myocardial Perfusion Defects at Low Energy Levels Using Virtual Monochromatic Imaging
Authors: Carrascosa Patricia , Deviggiano Alejandro , de Zan Macarena , Capunay Carlos , Campisi Roxana , Rodriguez-Granillo Gaston A. 
Published: March 2017

Objectives
The aim of this study was to explore the diagnostic performance of dual-energy computed tomography perfusion (DE-CTP) at different energy levels.

Methods
Patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease underwent stress and rest DE-CTP and single-photon emission computed tomography. Images were evaluated using monochromatic data, and perfusion defects were initially identified in a qualitative manner and subsequently confirmed using attenuation levels.

Results
Thirty-six patients were included. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of DE-CTP for the identification of perfusion defects were 84.1%, 94.2%, 77.3%, and 96.2%, respectively. Perfusion defects showed significantly lower attenuation than normal segments, with the largest differences among low energy levels (sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 98% using a cutoff value ≤ 153 Hounsfield units at 40 keV), progressively declining at the higher levels (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Dual-energy CTP at the lowest energy levels allowed improved discrimination of perfusion defects compared with higher energy levels.
Inhibitor concentration on the corrosion behaviour of X70 steel in CO2environments
Authors: Li Dongyang , Xu Lining , Feng Shaoguang , Lu Minxu 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the corrosion behaviour of X70 steel in the presence and absence of various concentrations of inhibitor N-(2-o-Tolyl azophenyl)-acetamide (NTAA) in a CO2environment.Design/methodology/approachThe temperature was set at 80°C, and the flow velocity was 1.5 m/s. The inhibitor concentrations were 10, 20, 30, 60 and 80 ppm, and the CO2partial pressure was 0.8 MPa. Weight loss method, pitting depth measurement, scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical techniques were used to investigate the inhibitory effects of the inhibitor NTAA.FindingsThe results showed that a small peak emerged in the curve of the corrosion rate versus inhibitor concentration plot at 20-30 ppm. Polarisation studies revealed that the anodic Tafel slopes changed greatly in the presence of an inhibitor; NTAA behaved as an anode-type inhibitor. At concentrations of 20-30 ppm, the incomplete coverage of the metal surface by inhibitor molecules resulted in macroscopic galvanic corrosion.Originality/valueCorrosion behaviour of X70 steel in the presence and absence of various concentrations of an anode-type inhibitor was assessed. Cathodic Tafel slopes are almost unchanged, while the anodic Tafel slopes change significantly with the increase in inhibitor concentration. The corrosion rates of 20 and 30 ppm are almost three times of that of 10 ppm, which is because of the macroscopic galvanic corrosion caused by the inadequate coverage of inhibitor on steel surface.
Pitting inhibition in fiber dyeing solutions by two oxyanions
Authors: Yilmaz A. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
Pitting inhibition efficiency of SO4− and NO3− on AISI 316L stainless steel in contact with Cl−-containing fiber dyeing solutions together with the influence of the anions on absorption behavior of the solutions were investigated. The purpose of the study is to experimentally determine an optimized dyeing solution efficient on both – inhibition of the steel’s pitting and exhaustion of the dyes dissolved.

Design/methodology/approach
Methods such as electrochemical cyclic polarization, UV-visible range spectrophotometry and scanning electron microscopy have been used to assess the performance of two inhibitors on both pitting inhibition of the steel and dissolving ability over the reactive dyes. To find out a promising dyeing solution mixture in both aspects, Cl content of the original dyeing solution was replaced gradually with the inhibiting anions, where the total anionic content was kept constant to unchange the dye exhaustion potential of the solution. Then, those solutions came out with diverse pitting inhibition, and dye absorption levels were compared together for reducing/avoiding the pitting issues of the reactive dyeing vessels of the industry.

Findings
Rather high absorption levels detected by visible range spectrophotometry on the solutions showing sound inhibition levels indicated possibility of unaltered reactive dyeing qualities with an enhanced vessel lifetime as the inhibitive anions replace Cl−. Nitrate performed better than sulfate both on inhibition and absorption in the dyeing solutions. Also, 316L vessels became open to an extra anodic protection in inhibitor added solutions.

Research limitations/implications
The findings are valid for a certain group of reactive dyes and dyeing solutions held at 70°C. However, the testing methods are available to almost any dyeing solution and dyeing temperature.

Originality/value
The work presents a combined testing of pitting inhibition and absorption behavior of dyeing solutions involving Cl− that has not been reported so far. It shows that solution recipes least harmful to the steel vessels can be outlined for various reactive or other types of dye groups.
Influence of sour oil on calcareous deposit nucleation
Authors: Hoseinieh Morteza , Shahrabi Taghi , Farrokhi Rad Morteza , Ramezanzadeh Bahram 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of sour crude oil contaminant on the calcareous scale deposition under cathodic protection of carbon steel in artificial seawater.

Design/methodology/approach
Electrochemical and surface characterizations are carried out using chronoamperometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy techniques.

Findings
Results showed that sour oil limited the deposit nucleation regarding its volume concentrations. The inhibition mechanism was examined to be simultaneous acts of pH reduction and mackinawite formation beside minor physical adsorption of oil molecules on steel electrode.

Originality/value
There is no paper concerning the proposed subject, and the idea of this work is fully novel which is of great significance because of the consequences of disastrous oil spill phenomena on the integrity of exposed offshore facilities in terms of optimum protection against probable corrosion mechanisms.
The collapse of unlisted mortgage companies: a regulatory dilemma
Authors: Keneley Monica , Wines Graeme , Jain Ameeta 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
Policy issues associated with the regulation of the unlisted debenture market have been highlighted in recent times with the collapse of a number of regionally based mortgage companies. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the decline and demise of the unlisted debenture market between 2007-2013 with particular reference to the effectiveness of the regulatory regime in stabilising the industry and protecting investors’ interests.

Design/methodology/approach
A database was constructed which reflected the total population of unlisted mortgage companies in the financial sector. A snapshot approach was used to assess the extent to which these companies complied with regulatory provisions.

Findings
Findings suggest the regulatory process allowed these companies to continue operating despite not complying with the relevant Australian Securities and Investments Commission benchmarks. In the light of the current inquiry into the financial system, the research suggests that a re-evaluation of the regulatory approach is timely.

Research limitations/implications
This research is restricted to a study of one category of debenture issuers (issuers of mortgage finance). It is based on reports required by regulatory authorities. It does not provide an analysis of the motivations of investors in these companies.

Practical/implications
This research has implications for the implementation of regulatory change in respect to oversight of shadow banking activities. It suggested that a passive approach to regulation is not sufficient to ensure that the interests of investors are fully protected.

Originality/value
No prior research has systematically examined the unlisted mortgage and analysed the borrowing and lending activities of companies that have failed and those that have survived.
Assessing the sources of competitiveness of the US states
Authors: Akpinar Murat , Can Özge , Mermercioglu Melike 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThis study aims to test the emerald model on the regional basis for the identification of the most important sources of competitiveness in the states of the US.Design/methodology/approachUsing the emerald model and its assertions, data are collected over the period 1998-2013 from 47 states in the US. Multiple regression analysis is performed with a lag structure of four, six and eight years as alternative time intervals to explain the dependent variable.FindingsThe empirical results support the emerald model except for its R&D attractiveness dimension in its ability to explain competitiveness in the states of the US. In the longer term (eight-year lag), cluster attractiveness has the highest impact, followed by environmental attractiveness, ownership attractiveness, educational attractiveness and talent attractiveness. Comparison of regression models with different time lags indicates that once the very early phase is over, the impacts of most attractiveness dimensions become rather consistent across time and do not disappear.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the literature on the measurement of regional competitiveness by performing an overall assessment of the emerald model and by analyzing the impacts of the model’s dimensions on competitiveness over time. On the other hand, the identification of the sources of regional competitiveness paves the way for a more efficient allocation of resources regarding policies and improvement programs.
How HR can create competitive advantage for the firm
Authors: Davis Paul J. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to demonstrate the practical application of resource-based theory to the work of HR practitioners and to show how employees can be a direct source of competitive advantage for the firm.

Findings
The popular models of competitive strategy seem to reduce employees to invisible units of production – an inconsequential, undifferentiated mass. Even criticisms of Porter’s model do not appear to notice that he forgot about the workers. The idea that a firm’s internal resources, especially its employees, could play a part in generating competitive advantage is not considered. This is despite a great deal of scholarly research demonstrating that employees do not just contribute to competitive advantage; they can themselves be a direct source of competitive advantage.

Originality/value
This paper is valuable to HR practitioners, HR consultants, organizational development specialists and strategic planners.
The puzzle of older workers’ employment: distance to retirement and health effects
Authors: Sabatier Mareva , Legendre Bérangère 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which the distance to retirement affects low employment rates among European older workers, taking into account a key but often neglected determinant: health status.Design/methodology/approachTo begin, the study amends McCall’s job search model, in which the job search behavior is treated as age dependent. Agents are heterogeneous according to two attributes: distance to retirement and health. The authors complete this theoretical analysis with an econometric analysis based on a French survey.FindingsThis model leads to clear predictions, such that the closer the retirement, the greater the reservation wage and the lower people’s search effort. Older workers also exhibit lower exit rates from unemployment, an effect that gets enhanced by health problems. The empirical work, based on a French survey, confirms the existence of a distance effect but also puts the greater impact of health status into perspective. The distance effect explains only part of the puzzle of older workers’ employment.Originality/valueThis paper proposes a theoretical and empirical analysis of the retirement decisions. It studies the distance effect but taking into account a neglected factor in the literature: health. Results clearly confirm the distance effect but highlight the reader role of health in retirement decisions.
Drawing negative inferences from a positive country-of-origin image
Authors: Majid Kashef A. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore how a positive country-of-origin image will impact consumer perceptions for a high-risk product when the price is unexpectedly low.

Design/methodology/approach
An experimental approach was used with consumers from the USA and India. Consumers were divided into groups and given two scenarios that involved purchasing medicine that may have been counterfeit. In one scenario manufacturing took place in India, the other in Switzerland. They were asked to state the probability that certain goods could be counterfeit if they originated from the stated country and then make choices based on those perceived probabilities. An analysis of variance was conducted to test for differences between groups.

Findings
The authors found that in both samples consumers attached greater probabilities toward low-priced medicines if they originated from Switzerland vs India. Conversely, the higher priced medicines were more likely to be counterfeit if they originated from India vs Switzerland. When given a choice scenario consumers chose more versions of the cheaper products from India than from Switzerland.

Originality/value
When country-of-origin is salient then it is believed that a positive country-of-origin image will benefit products that are produced from that country. Consumers expect that more expensive products come from a country with a positive country-of-origin image. The results demonstrate that when there is a conflict between expectations of the country and the price of the product the outcome is lowered perceptions and consumption of the product. This holds true for consumers from a high-cost economy (USA) and consumers from a low-cost economy (India). The authors add to the literature on country-of-origin by demonstrating that a positive image can be a liability when consumers are wary of purchasing a high-risk product.
Re‐examining Human Dignity in Literary Texts: In Seeking for a Continuous Dialogue Between the Conceptual and the Empirical Approaches
Authors: Gibson Keiko Matsui 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe article deals with the treatment of human dignity in three novels: The Ballad of Narayama (1956) by Shichiro Fukasawa; Never Let Me Go (2005) by Kazuo Ishiguro; and Still Alice (2007) by Lisa Genova. The article argues for a rich understanding of human dignity, an understanding that cannot be reduced to rigid principles. Cultural forms, imagination, and fantasy employed in literary fiction allow us to see this richness.
Perceptual Experience and Cognitive Penetrability
Authors: Varga Somogy 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper starts by distinguishing three views about the phenomenal character of perceptual experience. ‘Low‐level theorists’ argue that perceptual experience is reducible to the experience of low‐level properties (textures, shapes, colors), ‘high‐level theorists’ argue that we have perceptual experiences of high‐level properties (functional properties, causal relations, etc.), while ‘disunified view theorists’ argue that perceptual seemings can present high‐level properties. The paper explores how cognitive states can penetrate perceptual experience and provides an interpretation of cognitive penetration that offers some support for the high‐level view.
Treatment of anticoagulated patients with negative pressure wound therapy
Authors: Boxall Sharon L , Carville Keryln , Leslie Gavin D , Jansen Shirley J 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThere is a paucity of evidence surrounding the use of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in patients receiving anticoagulant medication. Guidelines generally recommend caution regarding the use of NPWT in anticoagulated patients in general, but areas of particular risk are frequently not highlighted. The US Food and Drug Authority (FDA) reported six mortalities between 2009 and 2011 in patients receiving NPWT. These mortalities were associated with the use of NPWT over vascular graft sites. The coagulation status of these patients was not reported. It is the authors' recommendation that guidelines regarding the use of NPWT in anticoagulated patients highlight specific clinical situations of risk, although there is insufficient evidence to support the avoidance of NPWT in anticoagulated patients in general.
Leaf blight and defoliation caused by two new pathovars of Xanthomonas axonopodis on Schinus terebinthifolius and Mabea fistulifera
Authors: Ferraz H. G. M. , Guimarães L. M. S. , Badel J. L. , Tótola M. R. , Alfenas A. C. 
Published: March 2017

Schinus terebinthifolius and Mabea fistulifera have been used for forest repositioning and urban forestry in Brazil. In October 2012, in a routine inspection at the research nursery of the Forestry Department of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, in Minas Gerais, Brazil, a mortality of approximately 40% of the seedlings was observed as a result of diseases characterized by leaf blight and intense defoliation, which culminated in the death of the plants. Microscopy observations revealed oozing from the infected tissue and isolations revealed a bacterial aetiology for both diseases. Bacterial cells that formed bright yellow mucoid colonies with round edges were routinely isolated from lesion margins. Inoculation of isolated strains into healthy seedlings reproduced the symptoms observed under natural conditions. Bacterial cells showing the same morphological, biochemical and molecular characteristics as those originally isolated from naturally infected plants were reisolated from inoculated plants. Morphological, physiological and biochemical tests as well as 16S rDNA sequencing and multilocus sequence analysis using four housekeeping genes, dnaK, fyuA, gyrB and rpoD, confirmed the newly isolated strains belong to Xanthomonas axonopodis. Plant cross‐inoculations showed the strains did not belong to any known phylogenetically related pathovar. Pathovars X. axonopodis pv. schini pv. nov. and X. axonopodis pv. mabeae pv. nov. are proposed as the causal agents of bacterial leaf blight on S. terebinthifolius and M. fistulifera, respectively.
Physical workload is associated with increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis: results from a Swedish population-based case–control study
Authors: Zeng Pingling , Klareskog Lars , Alfredsson Lars , Bengtsson Camilla 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesThis study investigated: (1) the association of physical workload (PW) and risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); (2) the potential interactions between PW and the genes in the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) region.MethodsA population-based case–control study involving incident cases of RA (3150 cases and 5130 controls) was performed using data from the Swedish Epidemiological Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Information on 7 types of self-reported PW exposure andHLA-DRB1genotypes of cases and controls were gathered. Anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) status of cases was identified. For each PW exposures, exposed participants were compared with unexposed participants. ORs with 95% CIs of RA (overall), ACPA-positive RA and ACPA-negative RA associated with different PWs were estimated using logistic regression. HLA-PW interactions were estimated using the principle of departure from additivity of effects by calculating attributable proportion (AP) due to interaction.ResultsORs of developing RA associated with 6 various PW exposures ranging from 1.3 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.4) to 1.8 (95% CI 1.6 to 2.0) were observed. Exposure to more types of PW was associated with increasing risk for RA (p<0.0001). No major difference in the ORs between ACPA-positive and ACPA-negative RA was found. For some exposures, we found evidence of interactions between PW and theHLA-DRB1shared epitope genes, regarding risk of ACPA-positive RA (AP: from 0.3 (95% CI 0.1 to 0.5) to 0.4 (95% CI 0.2 to 0.6)).ConclusionsPW is associated with the risk of ACPA-positive and ACPA-negative RA. Interactions between PW and theHLA-DRB1shared epitope were found in ACPA-positive RA.
Cortical Networks Involved in Memory for Temporal Order
Authors: Manelis Anna , Popov Vencislav , Paynter Christopher , Walsh Matthew , Wheeler Mark E. , Vogt Keith M. , Reder Lynne M. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We examined the neurobiological basis of temporal resetting, an aspect of temporal order memory, using a version of the delayed-match-to-multiple-sample task. While in an fMRI scanner, participants evaluated whether an item was novel or whether it had appeared before or after a reset event that signified the start of a new block of trials. Participants responded “old” to items that were repeated within the current block and “new” to both novel items and items that had last appeared before the reset event (pseudonew items). Medial-temporal, prefrontal, and occipital regions responded to absolute novelty of the stimulus—they differentiated between novel items and previously seen items, but not between old and pseudonew items. Activation for pseudonew items in the frontopolar and parietal regions, in contrast, was intermediate between old and new items. The posterior cingulate cortex extending to precuneus was the only region that showed complete temporal resetting, and its activation reflected whether an item was new or old according to the task instructions regardless of its familiarity. There was also a significant Condition (old/pseudonew) × Familiarity (second/third presentations) interaction effect on behavioral and neural measures. For pseudonew items, greater familiarity decreased response accuracy, increased RTs, increased ACC activation, and increased functional connectivity between ACC and the left frontal pole. The reverse was observed for old items. On the basis of these results, we propose a theoretical framework in which temporal resetting relies on an episodic retrieval network that is modulated by cognitive control and conflict resolution.