bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain network dynamics in patients with single‐ and multiple‐domain amnestic mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Liu Tiantian , Wang Mingjun , Zhang Jian , Ye Chuyang , Funahashi Shintaro , Liu Jianghong , Wang Li , Yan Tianyi ,   the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: September 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONBrain network dynamics have been extensively explored in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI); however, differences in single‐ and multiple‐domain aMCI (SD‐aMCI and MD‐aMCI) remain unclear.METHODSUsing multicenter datasets, coactivation patterns (CAPs) were constructed and compared among normal control (NC), SD‐aMCI, MD‐aMCI, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients based on individual high‐order cognitive network (HOCN) and primary sensory network (PSN) parcellations. Correlations between spatiotemporal characteristics and neuropsychological scores were analyzed.RESULTSCompared to NC, SD‐aMCI showed temporal alterations in HOCN‐dominant CAPs, while MD‐aMCI showed alterations in PSN‐dominant CAPs. In addition, transitions from SD‐aMCI to AD may involve PSN, while MD‐aMCI to AD involves both PSN and HOCN. Results were generally consistent across datasets from Chinese and White populations.DISCUSSIONThe HOCN and PSN are distinctively involved in aMCI subtypes and in the transformation between aMCI subtypes and AD, highlighting the necessity of aMCI subtype classification in AD studies.Highlights
Individual functional network parcellations and coactivation pattern (CAP) analysis were performed to characterize spatiotemporal differences between single‐ and multiple‐domain amnestic mild cognitive impairment (SD‐aMCI and MD‐aMCI), and between distinct aMCI subtypes and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
The analysis of multicenter datasets converged on four pairs of recurrent CAPs, including primary sensory networks (PSN)‐dominant CAPs, high‐order cognitive networks (HOCN)‐dominant CAPs, and PSN–HOCN‐interacting CAPs.
The HOCN and PSN are distinctively involved in aMCI subtypes and in the transformation between distinct aMCI subtypes and AD.
Metal‐Free Aminophosphonation: Eco‐Friendly Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Fluorescent 3‐(Aminoimidazo[1,2‐a]Pyridin‐2‐yl)Phosphonates
Authors: Roscales Silvia , Csáky Aurelio G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe report a novel, metal‐free procedure for the direct aminophosphonation of imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines in green solvents under open air conditions. This method is characterized by its mild and sustainable conditions, ease of operation, scalability, and excellent functional group compatibility. The synthesized compounds exhibit promising photophysical properties, including significant Stokes shifts and quantum yields, making them potential candidates for innovative fluorescent probes.
Excellent Catalytic Performances of Embedded CoFe2O4 and TiO2 Nanoparticles on the Surface of Silica Matrix Toward Reduction of Toxic Cr (VI), Dyes, and Nitroaromatic Compounds
Authors: Zarbakhsh Elham , Derikvand Zohreh 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTA novel TiO2/CoFe2O4/SiO2 magnetic nanocomposite was successfully synthesized using sol–gel and hydrothermal methods. This nanocomposite consists of highly dispersed CoFe2O4 and TiO2 nanoparticles on the surface of the SiO2 matrix. The synthesis process involved the utilization of activated carbon, which played a dual role as a support for depositing the CoFe2O4 and TiO2 nanoparticles and as a rigid pattern for producing the silica matrix that enmeshed the nanoparticles. To study the unique characteristics of the samples, a range of analytical techniques, such as FT‐IR, VSM, XRD, SEM, N2 adsorption–desorption analysis, BET and EDX were employed. We carried out a complete examination of the catalytic performance of the TiO2/CoFe2O4/SiO2 nanocomposite for the reduction of different substances, including methyl orange (MO), safranin O (SO), methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RhB), chromium (VI) ions, and nitroaromatic compounds such as 2‐nitrophenol (2‐NP), 4‐nitroaniline (4‐NA), 2‐nitroaniline (2‐NA), and 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP). The findings of our study demonstrate the remarkable efficacy of the TiO2/CoFe2O4/SiO2 nanocomposite in efficiently reducing dyes, Cr (VI), and nitroaromatic compounds to their desired forms in environmentally friendly aqueous solutions. Notably, the nanocomposite stands out due to its simple synthesis process, effortless recyclability, and its convenient separation by a magnet.
Magnetic Gradiometry Survey at the Urban Centre of Türkmen‐Karahöyük (Turkey)
Authors: Creamer Petra M. , Alperstein Jonathan , Massa Michele , Osborne James , Casana Jesse 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe understanding of urban centres in the ancient Near East, one of the main regions for investigating the development of cities, has been transformed in recent years through investigations using archaeological geophysical prospection tools. This paper presents results of our recent magnetic gradiometry survey at the large urban site of Türkmen‐Karahöyük (Konya Plain, Turkey) conducted using a SENSYS Magneto MXPDA cart‐based system. Results of the survey have successfully identified and characterized numerous areas of ancient settlement, industrial activity and burials across the massive site, offering new insights into the history of occupation at Türkmen‐Karahöyük. Our findings are thereby helping to shape future investigations at the site and, more broadly, demonstrate the opportunities and challenges presented by cart‐based geophysical survey instruments for archaeological investigations of mounded urban sites with extensive lower towns.
Zika Virus NS1 Protein Detection Using Gold Nanoparticle‐Assisted Dynamic Light Scattering
Authors: D'Amato Dayenny L. , Bessa Isabela A. A. , Souza Ana Beatriz C. , Mendes‐Monteiro Lucas , Mohana‐Borges Ronaldo , Allonso Diego , Ligiero Carolina B. P. , Ronconi Célia M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Zika virus (ZIKV) is a global health threat due to its rapid spread and severe health implications, including congenital abnormalities and neurological complications. Differentiating ZIKV from other arboviruses such as dengue virus (DENV) is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment. This study presents the development of a biosensor for detecting the ZIKV non‐structural protein 1 (NS1) using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with monoclonal antibodies employing dynamic light scattering (DLS). The biosensor named ZINS1‐mAb‐AuNP exhibited specific binding to the ZIKV NS1 protein, demonstrating high colloidal stability indicated by a hydrodynamic diameter (DH) of 140 nm, detectable via DLS. In the absence of the protein, the high ionic strength medium caused particle aggregation. This detection method showed good sensitivity and specificity, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.96 μg mL−1, and avoided cross‐reactivity with DENV2 NS1 and SARS‐CoV‐2 spike proteins. The ZINS1‐mAb‐AuNP biosensor represents a promising tool for the early and accurate detection of ZIKV, facilitating diagnostic and treatment capabilities for arboviral infections.
Conversion between the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale and Mini‐Mental State Examination test scores in majority and minority populations
Authors: Delgado‐Álvarez Alfonso , Valles‐Salgado Maria , Delgado‐Alonso Cristina , Matias‐Guiu Jorge , Matias‐Guiu Jordi A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionDespite the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) having significant advantages as a cognitive screening tool, particularly for minority populations, the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) test is the most widely used test for cognitive screening in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to develop a conversion table to predict MMSE scores from observed RUDAS scores, allowing an easy‐to‐use method to compare both screening tests.MethodsThe equipercentile equating method was used to develop the conversion table using a training sample consisting of cognitively intact participants and individuals with early‐stage AD. The resulting conversion table was validated in two samples, comprising participants from majority and minority populations assessed in Spanish.ResultsThe conversion table demonstrated excellent reliability with intraclass correlation coefficients of.92 in both validation samples.ConclusionThis study provides a conversion table between RUDAS and MMSE scores, improving the comparability of these cognitive screening tools for use in clinical and research purposes.
The modulation of temporal predictability on attentional boost effect
Authors: Pan Jianan , Fu Chao , Su Ping , Guo Qian , Li Xinglin , Zheng Chun , Ma Xueqin , Yong Tingjun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe attentional boost effect, characterized by better memory for background scenes coinciding with a detection target than a nontarget, is believed to stem from a temporary increase in attentional capacity at the time of an acute behavior‐related event occurring. Sisk and Jiang's study found that the attentional boost effect also occurs when the target's appearance was predictable. Unfortunately, the duration of the predictive interval in Sisk and Jiang's study was fixed. Since different predictive intervals had different weakening degrees to the acuteness of the target, this fixed duration hindered further investigation into the impact of different levels of predictability on the attentional boost effect.MethodUsing the encoding‐recognition paradigm and the remembering/knowing paradigm, and setting target stimuli with different predictive interval in target detection tasks, the current study aimed to explore the influence of varying the duration of the predictive interval on the attentional boost effect.ResultsThe attentional boost effect was observed only in the short and medium predictive duration conditions, but not in the long predictive duration condition. Moreover, as the duration of the predictive interval increased, participants’ memory performance on target‐paired words gradually declined, while their memory performance on distractor‐paired and baseline‐paired words gradually improved.ConclusionsPredictability may alter the task demands, allowing participants to more effectively allocate attentional resources to the two tasks at hand.
Clinicopathological characteristics, prognostic factors, and outcomes of elderly patients with lymphoma‐associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: A multicenter analysis
Authors: Miao Yi , Zhang Jing , Lu Xuzhang , Wu Meng , Li Bingzong , Yu Liang , Sun Miao , Zhuang Yun , Miao Yuqing , Ni Haiwen , Xie Xiaoyan , Xu Jingyan , Zhang Yunping , Zhao Min , Xu Min , Zhuang Wanchuan , Gu Weiying , Lin Guoqiang , Hua Haiying , Zhu Jianfeng , Xu Maozhong , Jia Tao , Liu Ping , Zhai Lijia , Zhang Tongtong , Shan Qiurong , Shen Qiudan , Qian Jun , Wang Chunling , Li Jianyong , Shi Wenyu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundLymphoma is the most common secondary cause of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in adults. Lymphoma‐associated HLH (LA‐HLH) in the elderly population is not rare, however, little has been reported regarding clinicopathological characteristics, prognostic factors, and outcomes of LA‐HLH in the elderly population.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed a multicenter cohort of elderly patients with LA‐HLH. Clinicopathological features and treatment information were collected. The impacts of baseline characteristics and treatments on survival outcomes were analyzed.ResultsA total of 173 elderly patients with LA‐HLH were included. Compared with young patients, elderly patients showed different clinical and laboratory features. Regarding lymphoma subtypes, B‐cell lymphoma was more common in elderly patients (elderly 61.3% vs. young 32.3%, p < 0.001) while T/NK‐cell lymphoma was more common in young patients (65.3% vs. 35.3%, p < 0.001). The median survival of elderly patients with LA‐HLH was only 92 days. The prior use of HLH therapy or etoposide‐containing HLH therapy was not associated with improved overall survival. T/NK‐cell subtype, a lower platelet count (≤53 × 109/L), a lower albumin level (≤32.1 g/L), a higher LDH level (>1407 U/L), and a higher creatinine level (>96.8 μmol/L) were independent predictors of decreased overall survival and 60‐day survival. A prognostic index was established and demonstrated to be robust in predicting the overall survival and 60‐day survival of elderly patients with LA‐HLH.ConclusionsLA‐HLH in elderly patients displayed heterogeneous clinicopathological features and survival outcomes. Treatments need to be optimized to improve the outcomes of elderly patients with LA‐HLH.
Juvenile xanthogranuloma manifesting in the forehead: A case report
Authors: Chindia M. L. , Butt F. M. A. , Mung’ania M. , Owino R. O. 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessageA 3 ‐year‐old boy presented with a forehead nodular mass, which was excised and confirmed histologically as Juvenile Xanthogranulomma (JXG). It affects children with a predilection for the head and neck region. A relatively rare, benign, histiocytic proliferative cutaneous disorder with a potential for malignancy. A prompt and wide resection is recommended.
Familial hyperphosphatemic tumoral calcinosis: A rare case report from Syria
Authors: Al Abdulrahman Balkis , Eed Hiba , Kurdy Rama , Alwadi Yazan , Alcheikh Salwa 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessageTumoral calcinosis is a very rare disease mainly caused by a disturbance in phosphate metabolism. It is advisable to contemplate screening more organs such as testes, thyroid, and spleen in patients with TC. This study provides insight into tumoral calcinosis for physicians in the region and encourages future work on the matter.AbstractFamilial hyperphosphatemic tumoral calcinosis (FHTC) characterized by progressive deposition of calcium phosphate crystals in soft tissues. Tumoral calcinosis (TC) is often underdiagnosed in Syria as it cannot be confirmed without genetic testing, which is unavailable in Syria. We present the first reported case from Syria of a man with TC. This case has findings that were not reported in other cases such as testicular calcification, brain calcification, enlarged thyroid, and splenomegaly. Determining these genes in the case presented wasn't possible and future studies need to overcome this hurdle.
Revisiting the Reviewed: A Meta‐Analysis of Computational Studies on Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation Reactions
Authors: Ahmad Shahbaz , Bühl Michael 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis review of reviews attempts to systematically analyze the recent advancements in transition metal‐catalyzed hydrogenation reactions as discussed in previous review articles, emphasizing the computational insights that enhance our understanding of reaction mechanisms. It highlights the efficacy of density functional theory (DFT) in calculating free energies, exploring the mechanistic pathways and kinetics of hydrogenation processes and, focusing on substrates such as alkenes, alkynes, amides, imines, nitriles, and carbon dioxide. The review details significant studies where computational models help predict reaction outcomes and aid in catalyst design. Notable discussions include the role of solvent effects and metal‐ligand interactions, which are crucial for reactivity and selectivity but often underestimated in computational models. The review concludes with current computational challenges and prospects, suggesting enhanced models and experimental collaborations to refine catalyst design.
Construction of Mesoporous Aluminosilicate Thin Films on ITO Electrodes for Immobilizing a Cationic Ru(II) Water Oxidation Catalyst
Authors: Harada Shunpei , Yamada Ayano , Nakano Narumi , Okamura Masaya , Hikichi Shiro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAluminosilicate (Al‐SiO2) thin films with vertically aligned mesochannels were successfully synthesized on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) electrodes and employed for the immobilization of a cationic Ru(II) water oxidation catalyst without requiring linker groups. Optimal synthesis conditions yielded uniform mesoporous Al‐SiO2 films with tunable Al content, high surface area (568 m2/g), 3.94 nm pore size, and 155 nm thickness. Electrochemical studies confirmed the presence of the immobilized Ru complex undergoing diffusion‐controlled Ru(III/II) and Ru(IV/III) electron transfer. The Ru loading reached 4.71 nmol/cm2 at Si/Al=9.6, with higher Al content enhancing loading amounts via cation exchange. The Ru‐modified electrode exhibited high electrocatalytic water oxidation activity, achieving 75.3 % Faradaic efficiency and a turnover number of 298.6 for O2 evolution for 1 hour. This work provides a new approach to construct porous environments on an electrode surface to immobilize positively charged transition‐metal complexes as catalysts, offering potential applications in the development of electrocatalytic systems for energy conversion.
Atomic‐Level Synergistic Catalysts: Single‐Atom Site Integrated with Atom, Cluster and Nanoparticle
Authors: Zhu Pan , Feng Wuyi , Liu Jing , Liu Ting , Zhang Jiatao , Zhao Di 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe emerging atomic‐level synergistic catalysts based on the single‐atom sites and other valuable components, such as atom, cluster, nanoparticle and other nano‐matter, shine in various catalytic fields. They can integrate the advantages of individual catalytic sites and other valuable components to enhance the activity, selectivity and stability of many chemical reactions via activating their key rate‐determining steps and multistep transformations. In addition, because of the ultrahigh atom utilization (~100 %) and adjustable microenvironment of metal centers, the single‐atom sites can intelligently construct with other useful large size sites to strengthening in tandem a typical catalytic process. Herein, the structure and mechanism of atomic‐level synergistic catalysts with controllable electronic structures and regulatory reaction processes are presented. We particularly emphasize the interactions between active components of atomic‐level synergistic catalysts and catalytic reaction processes, which are essential for understanding how these catalysts are cooperatively working. It is anticipated that this minireview can make the promotion of advanced atomic‐level synergistic catalysts based on single‐atom sites.
Confinement Effects of Two‐Dimensional Surfaces on Water Adsorption and Dissociation over Pt(111)
Authors: Tiwari Nidhi , Tiwari Ashwani K. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIt has been established that the confined space created by stacking a two dimensional (2D) surface atop a metal catalyst serves as a nano‐reactor. According to recent research, when a graphene (Gr) overlayer encloses a catalyst from above, the activation barrier for the water dissociation reaction, a process with major industrial significance, decreases. In order to investigate how the effect of confinement varies among different two‐dimensional (2D) materials, we study the adsorption and dissociation barriers of water molecule on (111) under graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN), and heptazine‐based graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) layers using density functional theory calculations. Our findings reveal that the strength of adsorption does not decrease consistently with a reduction in the height of the 2D overlayer. Furthermore, a smaller barrier is not always the consequence of poorer adsorption of the reactant. We also examine the effect of confinement on the shape of the reaction path, on the frequencies of vibrational modes, and on the rate constants derived using the harmonic transition state theory. Overall, all three 2D surfaces cause a decrease in barrier height and a weakening of adsorption, though to differing degrees due to a mix of mechanical, geometric and electronic variables.
General Synthesis of Single‐Crystalline Ta2O5 Nanorods Towards Enhanced Photocatalytic H2 Production Activity
Authors: Zhang Hanxu , Zhou Chao , Shi Run , Zhang Tierui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs a potential candidate for photocatalytic H2 production from water splitting, Ta2O5 catalyst presents suitable conduction and valence band positions, but suffers from poor charge transfer ability, which seriously limits its photocatalytic performance enhancement. Here, a facile and eco‐friendly hydrothermal method was developed for the fabrication of one‐dimensional (1D) Ta2O5 nanorods using the freshly precipitated tantalic acids as the precursors. An oriented attachment mechanism was proposed for the growth of Ta2O5 nanorods. Moreover, the present synthetic approach was further extended to direct synthesis of nine kinds of alkaline tantalates and alkaline‐earth tantalates nanostructures, suggesting its general applicability. A significant increase in activity in photocatalytic H2 production was revealed on 1D Ta2O5 nanorods. The improved photocatalytic H2 production activity of Ta2O5 nanorods was mainly attributed to its 1D nanorods structure with high crystallization and large specific surface areas as well as excellent charge transfer efficiency.
Utilization of natural hybridization and intra‐cultivar variations for improving soybean yield, seed weight, and agronomic traits
Authors: Jiang Guo‐Liang , Mireku Patrick , Song Qijian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSoybean (Glycine max) is a highly self‐pollinated species, but cross‐pollination occasionally occurs and variations within cultivars can be observed under certain conditions. To explore the potential uses of natural hybridization and intra‐cultivar/advanced line variations, 78 of breeding lines derived from the segregants of natural hybridization and the intra‐cultivar/line variations and their 17 source cultivars/lines were evaluated over four crop seasons for yield, seed weight, and other agronomic traits. All the lines were also genotyped using BARCSoySNP6K assays to compare the genetic similarities between the new lines and the source genotypes. Analysis of variance results indicated that genotypic differences, year effects, and genotype × year interactions were significant for all the traits. The broad‐sense heritability of the traits was estimated to be 67.22%–98.80%, suggesting that the traits were mainly affected by genetic factors. Compared with the source materials, yield of 34 breeding lines exceeded by >5%, and 17 of them had yield increases of 11.85%–41.59%. Seed weight increased significantly in 24 lines, and 11 lines showed improvements in both seed weight and yield, although there was a negative correlation between these two traits. In addition, 36 and 29 lines showed a shortened period of flowering and maturity, respectively. Plant height of 20 lines decreased by >8.5 cm. Genotypic matching rate between the new lines and the source materials varied from 48.86% to 99.90%. These results demonstrated that both segregations resulting from natural crossing and intra‐cultivar/line variations could be used to improve important traits in soybean.