bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transethnic Evaluation Identifies Low-Frequency Loci Associated With 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations
Authors: Hong Jaeyoung , Hatchell Kathryn E , Bradfield Jonathan P , Bjonnes Andrew , Chesi Alessandra , Lai Chao-Qiang , Langefeld Carl D , Lu Lingyi , Lu Yingchang , Lutsey Pamela L , Musani Solomon K , Nalls Mike A , Robinson-Cohen Cassianne , Roizen Jeffery D , Saxena Richa , Tucker Katherine L , Ziegler Julie T , Arking Dan E , Bis Joshua C , Boerwinkle Eric , Bottinger Erwin P , Bowden Donald W , Gilsanz Vicente , Houston Denise K , Kalkwarf Heidi J , Kelly Andrea , Lappe Joan M , Liu Yongmei , Michos Erin D , Oberfield Sharon E , Palmer Nicholette D , Rotter Jerome I , Sapkota Bishwa , Shepherd John A , Wilson James G , Basu Saonli , de Boer Ian H , Divers Jasmin , Freedman Barry I , Grant Struan F A , Hakanarson Hakon , Harris Tamara B , Kestenbaum Bryan R , Kritchevsky Stephen B , Loos Ruth J F , Norris Jill M , Norwood Arnita F , Ordovas Jose M , Pankow James S , Psaty Bruce M , Sanghera Dharambir K , Wagenknecht Lynne E , Zemel Babette S , Meigs James , Dupuis Josée , Florez Jose C , Wang Thomas , Liu Ching-Ti , Engelman Corinne D , Billings Liana K 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Context
Vitamin D inadequacy is common in the adult population of the United States. Although the genetic determinants underlying vitamin D inadequacy have been studied in people of European ancestry, less is known about populations with Hispanic or African ancestry.

Objective
The Trans-Ethnic Evaluation of Vitamin D (TRANSCEN-D) genomewide association study (GWAS) consortium was assembled to replicate genetic associations with 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations from the Study of Underlying Genetic Determinants of Vitamin D and Highly Related Traits (SUNLIGHT) meta-analyses of European ancestry and to identify genetic variants related to vitamin D concentrations in African and Hispanic ancestries.

Design
Ancestry-specific (Hispanic and African) and transethnic (Hispanic, African, and European) meta-analyses were performed with Meta-Analysis Helper software (METAL).

Patients or Other Participants
In total, 8541 African American and 3485 Hispanic American (from North America) participants from 12 cohorts and 16,124 European participants from SUNLIGHT were included in the study.

Main Outcome Measures
Blood concentrations of 25(OH)D were measured for all participants.

Results
Ancestry-specific analyses in African and Hispanic Americans replicated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GC (2 and 4 SNPs, respectively). An SNP (rs79666294) near the KIF4B gene was identified in the African American cohort. Transethnic evaluation replicated GC and DHCR7 region SNPs. Additionally, the transethnic analyses revealed SNPs rs719700 and rs1410656 near the ANO6/ARID2 and HTR2A genes, respectively.

Conclusions
Ancestry-specific and transethnic GWASs of 25(OH)D confirmed findings in GC and DHCR7 for African and Hispanic American samples and revealed findings near KIF4B, ANO6/ARID2, and HTR2A. The biological mechanisms that link these regions with 25(OH)D metabolism warrant further investigation.
Perturbation of canonical and non-canonical BMP signaling affects migration, polarity and dendritogenesis of mouse cortical neurons
Authors: Saxena Monika , Agnihotri Nitin , Sen Jonaki 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling has been implicated in the regulation of patterning of the forebrain and as a regulator of neurogenesis and gliogenesis in the mammalian cortex. However, its role in other aspects of cortical development in vivo remains unexplored. We hypothesized that BMP signaling might regulate additional processes during the development of cortical neurons after observing active BMP signaling in a spatiotemporally dynamic pattern in the mouse cortex. Our investigation revealed that BMP signaling specifically regulates the migration, polarity and the dendritic morphology of upper layer cortical neurons born at E15.5. On further dissection of the role of canonical and non-canonical BMP signaling in each of these processes, we found that migration of these neurons is regulated by both pathways. Their polarity, however, appears to be affected more strongly by canonical BMP signaling, whereas dendritic branch formation appears to be somewhat more strongly affected by LIMK-mediated non-canonical BMP signaling.
A mutation in Ccdc39 causes neonatal hydrocephalus with abnormal motile cilia development in mice
Authors: Abdelhamed Zakia , Vuong Shawn M. , Hill Lauren , Shula Crystal , Timms Andrew , Beier David , Campbell Kenneth , Mangano Francesco T. , Stottmann Rolf W. , Goto June 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
Pediatric hydrocephalus is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and is one of the most common congenital brain abnormalities. However, little is known about the molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating CSF flow in the developing brain. Through whole-genome sequencing analysis, we report that a homozygous splice site mutation in coiled-coil domain containing 39 (Ccdc39) is responsible for early postnatal hydrocephalus in the progressive hydrocephalus (prh) mouse mutant. Ccdc39 is selectively expressed in embryonic choroid plexus and ependymal cells on the medial wall of the forebrain ventricle, and the protein is localized to the axoneme of motile cilia. The Ccdc39prh/prh ependymal cells develop shorter cilia with disorganized microtubules lacking the axonemal inner arm dynein. Using high-speed video microscopy, we show that an orchestrated ependymal ciliary beating pattern controls unidirectional CSF flow on the ventricular surface, which generates bulk CSF flow in the developing brain. Collectively, our data provide the first evidence for involvement of Ccdc39 in hydrocephalus and suggest that the proper development of medial wall ependymal cilia is crucial for normal mouse brain development.
Efficacy of Tandem Gait to Identify Impaired Postural Control after Concussion
Authors: OLDHAM JESSIE R. , DIFABIO MELISSA S. , KAMINSKI THOMAS W. , DEWOLF RYAN M. , HOWELL DAVID R. , BUCKLEY THOMAS A. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTPurposeThe purpose was to evaluate tandem gait (TG), Balance Error Scoring System (BESS), and modified Balance Error Scoring System (mBESS) performance acutely after concussion in collegiate student-athletes. In addition, we sought to evaluate the psychometric properties of TG, including minimal detectable change (MDC), sensitivity, and specificity.MethodsSeventy-six National Collegiate Athletic Association student-athletes performed TG and BESS tests: 38 acutely after concussion and 38 controls. Participants were tested at baseline (time 1) and again acutely after concussion, or the following year for controls (time 2). Ten controls, tested simultaneously by two researchers, established a TG interrater minimal detectable change. A 2 × 2 mixed-design ANOVA compared each outcome variable. An receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC).ResultThere was a significant interaction (F= 8.757,P= 0.004) for TG whereby the concussion group was slower after concussion (10.59 ± 1.53 vs 11.80 ± 2.67 s), whereas there was no difference for controls (10.13 ± 1.72 vs 9.93 ± 1.85 s). There was no significant interaction for BESS (F= 0.235,P= 0.630) or mBESS (F= 0.007,P= 0.935). TG had a sensitivity of 0.632, a specificity of 0.605, and an AUC of 0.704. BESS had a sensitivity of 0.447, a specificity of 0.500, and an AUC of 0.508. mBESS had a sensitivity of 0.474, a specificity of 0.632, and an AUC of 0.535.ConclusionsParticipants completed TG significantly slower after concussion, whereas no change across time was detected for controls. In contrast, BESS and mBESS performances were similar at both testing times in both groups. Our AUC analysis was acceptable for TG, but a failure for both BESS and mBESS; thus, TG may be a useful alternative for clinicians conducting postconcussion postural control assessments.
Exercise Protects against Cancer-induced Cardiac Cachexia
Authors: PARRY TRACI L. , HAYWARD REID 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
Cancer has been shown to negatively stimulate autophagy, leading to a decline in cardiac function. Although exercise is cardioprotective, its influence over autophagy-mediated tumor growth and cardiac function are not well defined.

Purpose
This study aimed to determine the effect of exercise on tumor morphology and cardiac function.

Methods
Fisher 344 rats (n = 28) were assigned to one of four groups: 1) sedentary non-tumor bearing (SED), 2) sedentary tumor bearing (SED + T), 3) wheel run non-tumor bearing (WR), or 4) wheel run tumor bearing (WR + T). Rats remained sedentary or exercised for 6 wk. At week 4, rats in tumor groups were inoculated with MatBIII tumor cells. At week 6, cardiac function was measured.

Results
SED + T animals exhibited significantly lower left ventricular developed pressure when compared with SED, WR, and WR + T (P < 0.05). This coincided with a significant increase in cardiac autophagy (increased LC3-II) in SED + T animals when compared with SED, WR, and WR + T (P < 0.05). Furthermore, SED + T hearts showed a significant increase in β-myosin heavy chain expression versus nontumor groups (P < 0.05). Tumor mass was significantly larger (P < 0.001) in SED + T animals when compared with WR + T animals, which was accompanied by a significant increase in tumor LC3-II protein expression (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Nonexercised tumor-bearing rats showed severe cardiac dysfunction and excessive, maladaptive autophagy in the heart and tumors. Voluntary exercise preserved cardiac function and attenuated the autophagic response in heart and tumor tissues. This preservation may be related to the reduced tumor growth in aerobically exercised rats, to the improved regulation of autophagy by exercise, or both.
Predicting Basal Metabolic Rate in Men with Motor Complete Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: NIGHTINGALE TOM E. , GORGEY ASHRAF S. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to assess the accuracy of existing basal metabolic rate (BMR) prediction equations in men with chronic (>1 yr) spinal cord injury (SCI). The primary aim is to develop new SCI population-specific BMR prediction models, based on anthropometric, body composition, and/or demographic variables that are strongly associated with BMR.

Methods
Thirty men with chronic SCI (paraplegic, n = 21, tetraplegic, n = 9) 35 ± 11 yr old (mean ± SD) participated in this cross-sectional study. Criterion BMR values were measured by indirect calorimetry. Body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) and anthropometric measurements (circumferences and diameters) were also taken. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to develop new SCI-specific BMR prediction models. Criterion BMR values were compared with values estimated from six existing and four developed prediction equations.

Results
Existing equations that use information on stature, weight, and/or age significantly (P < 0.001) overpredicted measured BMR by a mean of 14%–17% (187–234 kcal·d−1). Equations that used fat-free mass (FFM) accurately predicted BMR. The development of new SCI-specific prediction models demonstrated that the addition of anthropometric variables (weight, height, and calf circumference) to FFM (model 3; r
2 = 0.77), explained 8% more of the variance in BMR than FFM alone (model 1; r
2 = 0.69). Using anthropometric variables, without FFM, explained less of the variance in BMR (model 4; r
2 = 0.57). However, all the developed prediction models demonstrated acceptable mean absolute error ≤6%.

Conclusion
BMR can be more accurately estimated when dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry–derived FFM is incorporated into prediction equations. Using anthropometric measurements provides a promising alternative to improve the prediction of BMR, beyond that achieved by existing equations in persons with SCI.
‘The communal’ in school and indigenous radio: Evidence from the North of Argentina
Authors: Belotti Francesca , Siares Emilse 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The Argentinian Law 26.522 on Audiovisual Communication Services (currently under reform) aimed at democratizing the media arena by recognizing multiple actors such as community broadcasters, school and indigenous media, among others. According to the legal classification, community broadcasters were regulated as private non-profit media, despite having specific objectives, programming, organizational logic and economic conditions. Conversely, school and indigenous media merged into the public sector, even if they may act as community media. The article compares results arising from two research projects carried out in Northern Argentina through in-depth interviews with key informants from two indigenous radio stations and two school radio stations. The theoretical framework mainly draws on literature about community, alternative and popular communication. Results show that communities participate in such media foundation or management and that media content deals with cultural and political issues related to their interests or needs. Indeed, emerging features allow considering such broadcasters as community media.
Higher order Dehn functions for horospheres in products of Hadamard spaces
Authors: Link Gabriele 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Let X be a product of r locally compact and geodesically complete Hadamard spaces. We prove that the horospheres in X centered at regular boundary points of X are Lipschitz-(r − 2)-connected. If X has finite Assouad–Nagata dimension, then using the filling construction by R. Young in [10] this gives sharp bounds on higher order Dehn functions for such horospheres. Moreover, if Γ ⊂ Is(X) is a lattice acting cocompactly on X minus a union of disjoint horoballs, then we get a sharp bound on higher order Dehn functions for Γ. We deduce that apart from the Hilbert modular groups already considered by R. Young, every irreducible ℚ-rank one lattice acting on a product of r Riemannian symmetric spaces of the noncompact type is undistorted up to dimension r−1 and has k-th order Dehn function asymptotic to V
(k+1)/k
for all k ≤ r − 2.
The Method of Validity Evaluation of Hard Coal Excavation in Residual Seam Parts
Authors: Wodarski Krzysztof , Bijańska Jolanta , Gumiński Adam 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The excavation of residual seam parts should be justified by positive assessment of the purposefulness, technical feasibility and economic effectiveness. The results of the profitability evaluation are crucial in a decision making process. The excavation of residual seam parts, even if it is possible from a technical point of view, should not be implemented if it is economically inefficient or when accompanied by a very high risk of non-recovery of invested capital resources. The article presents the evaluation method of possibilities of excavating hard coal from residual seam parts, and the example of its use in one of collieries in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. Working in line with the developed method, allows to indicate the variant of residual seam part exploitation, which is feasible to implement from a technical point of view, and which is characterized by the highest economic effectiveness and lowest risk.
Variability of Mercury Content in Coal Matter From Coal Seams of The Upper Silesia Coal Basin
Authors: Wierzchowski Krzysztof , Chećko Jarosław , Pyka Ireneusz 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The process of identifying and documenting the quality parameters of coal, as well as the conditions of coal deposition in the seam, is multi-stage and extremely expensive. The taking and analyzing of seam samples is the method of assessment of the quality and quantity parameters of coals in deep mines. Depending on the method of sampling, it offers quite precise assessment of the quality parameters of potential commercial coals. The main kind of seam samples under consideration are so-called “documentary seam samples”, which exclude dirt bands and other seam contaminants. Mercury content in coal matter from the currently accessible and exploited coal seams of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) was assessed. It was noted that the mercury content in coal seams decreases with the age of the seam and, to a lesser extent, seam deposition depth. Maps of the variation of mercury content in selected lithostratigraphic units (layers) of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin have been created.
Lombard Effect in Polish Speech and its Comparison in English Speech
Authors: Kleczkowski Piotr , Zak Agnieszka , Król-Nowak Aleksandra 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The first extensive investigation on the Lombard effect with Polish speech has been performed. Characteristic parameters of Lombard speech were measured: intensity, fundamental frequency, spectral tilt, duration of words, duration of pauses and duration of vowels. The effect was investigated in a task involving real communication - solving a Sudoku puzzle. The speakers produced speech in quiet and in three different backgrounds: competing speech, speech-shaped noise and speech-modulated noise. The experimental conditions were held as close as possible to those in the study by Cooke and Lu (2010) so that conclusions could be drawn whether differences between the Lombard effect in Polish speech and English speech existed. Most of the findings on the Lombard effect known from the literature have been confirmed with Polish speech. In three parameters, Polish speakers were more sensitive to modulated backgrounds while English speakers were more sensitive to a stationary background. In both languages, the modulated backgrounds induced speakers to extend pauses in the communication tasks.
An Experimental Study of the Gemination in Arabic Language
Authors: Ferrat Kamel , Guerti Mhania 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we report the results of an experimental study of the acoustic and articulatory features of the gemination in Modern Arabic language, pronounced by Algerian speakers. To extract the feature characteristics, we have carried out an acoustic analysis by computing the values of frequency formants, energy and durations of the consonants and subsequent vowels in the various [VCV] and [VCgV] utterances (Cg: geminate consonant). For the articulatory analysis, a range of kinematics parameters were analyzed from the phoneme productions including movement trajectories, distance, velocity, and duration of tongue movements. Among the most important results, we note a longer duration of the vowel following a geminate consonant, a decreasing in levels of F1 and F2 formants and a rising in level of F3 formant of this vowel.
Recognition of the 24-hour Noise Exposure of a Human
Authors: Korbiel Tomasz , Stepien Bartłomiej , Batko Wojciech , Baranski Robert , Mleczko Dominik , Pawlik Paweł , Blaut Jedrzej 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The civilisation progress has caused noise to become one of essential pathogenic and life comfort decreasing factors. There are several legal regulations aimed at controlling the noise influence on humans. Assessment of the twenty-four-hour influence of noises in various environments constitutes an essential problem. The answer can be supplied by 24-hour monitoring of the sound pressure. This paper is an attempt to learn the real loading of humans by noises. A personal noise indicator was used in measurements. The human 24-hour activity was divided into cycles allowing to model noise hazards. The collected data, even though they did not signal exceeding of individual standards, in the 24-hour period indicated the essential noise influence. These results indicate the need of investigations to recognise the 24-hour noise load of a human, with taking into account various forms of their activity and the need of rest.
Seasonal Change and Spatial Distribution of Traffic Noise in Seferihisar, Turkey
Authors: Say Nuriye , Ökten Sinem Özyurt , Aysu Asuman , Yalçinkaya Nermin Merve 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
In this study, traffic noise in Seferihisar, which is a holiday resort by the Aegean Sea in the West of Turkey, was investigated. The noise occurring in summer and winter, on weekdays, and at weekends was mapped separately. Besides, land uses exposed to traffic noise were specified. In the carried out method, the land uses were primarily mapped by using the satellite images of the study area. Then, the noise was measured at 46 points during ten days in summer and winter, on weekdays and at weekends, and it was mapped by using Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method and by means of Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. The measurements were taken in the daytime (07:00-19:00), in the evening (19:00-23:00), and at night (23:00-07:00) as stated in the Turkish Regulation of Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise. Since the time interval of the daytime measurements was large, the noise was measured in three different periods for the daytime measurements. In the formation of noise maps, logarithmic averages of all measurements taken at each point were used. The noise maps were overlapped with the land use maps by the help of the GIS techniques; the land use affected by the noise was analyzed. The results showed that the road traffic noise varied from summer to winter seasons in the study area depending on heavy or light traffic. The noise occurring in summer showed an increase both on weekdays and at weekends. While the limit value was exceeded in 49 of the measurement averages taken in winter, the limit value was exceeded in 96 measurements taken in summer. The noise maps formed according to the IDW method displayed that the areas in which the limit value was exceeded in the daytime in summer took up 14.27% of the study area while this rate went down to 4.06% in winter. The study area is one of the most important destinations for summer holiday. 20.12% of the area that exceeded the limit value in summer was builtup and 10.69% of them was tourism area. The noise together with population and traffic that increase in summer season is an important environmental problem against which some precautions should be taken. The findings of the study present significant results which might guide local governments in preventing and managing the noise.
Sound Scattering by an Elastic Spherical Shell and its Cancellation using a Multi-pole Approach
Authors: Avital Eldad Jitzchak , Bholah Neeshtha Devi , Giovanelli Giuseppe Cortez , Miloh Touvia 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The scattering and transmission of sound by an elastic spherical shell is considered when it is subject to an incoming monochromatic planar wave. It is aimed to cancel the sound scattering using combinations of multi-pole sources located at the centre of a shell filled with compressible fluid. Assuming linear acoustics and structural dynamics, exact solutions are derived for total elimination of the sound scattering for three cases: a free-space, near a hard ground or near a free-surface, where in the last two cases it is assumed that the incoming wave propagates normal to the interface to maximize sound reflection back unto the source of the incoming wave. An elastic spherical shell of 1 m radius embedded in water and filled with air or oil is analysed to show the dominance of low-mode numbers for frequencies of less than 10 kHz and thus demonstrate the ability of this approach to damp acoustic scattering by means of low-order multi-poles inside the shell. Contour and mode distribution plots are also given and analysed.