bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La quête des parlers ordinaires
Authors: Auzanneau Michelle 
Published: December 2015

Cet article s’intéresse aux approches développées en sociolinguistique pour accéder aux parlers ordinaires - » casual speech », parler « identitaire », « normal » ou « authentique »- ainsi qu’aux conceptions sous-jacentes de l’ordinaire langagier et de ses conditions de production. Confrontant l’activité catégorielle du chercheur et celle des locuteurs in situ et illustrant ces propos à l’aide d’extraits d’interactions recueillies dans le cadre de deux recherches menées en Ile de France, il s’agit de réfléchir aux apports d’analyses attentives aux processus de production de l’ordinaire langagier. L’attention portée à la fois à la variabilité langagière en interaction, à la mobilité du locuteur et aux mutations des sociétés paraît particulièrement intéressante pour rendre compte de la pluralité des constructions de l’ordinaire langagier. Ces questions d’ordre méthodologico théorique concernent la capacité heuristique de la notion de « parler ordinaire » et, partant, celle d’une série de notions relatives à l’étude de la variabilité langagière.
Effets de sens dérivés de la qualification adjectivale
Authors: Desurmont Christopher 
Published: November 2015

Cet article passe en revue divers effets de sens de la qualification adjectivale au-delà ou en deça de la dénotation : propriété positionnelle ; représentation en termes d’ensembles et de sous-ensembles ; interprétation de l’adjectif appréciatif (ici, l’adjectif nice) sous l’effet conjugué d’une propriété positionnelle, d’une représentation prototypique du type d’objet dénoté par le couple <adjectif-nom>, et du co-texte (les autres adjectifs du SN) ; s’agissant des adjectifs participe (slanting rain, enclosed garden), implications en termes de structures argumentales et de rôles sémantiques, et glissements métonymiques dans le parcours interprétatif.
La « Philosophie spontanée d'un savant »
Authors: Toupin Fabienne 
Published: November 2015

Henri Adamczewski, linguiste énonciativiste, est connu dans le champ des études anglaises pour avoir en particulier élaboré la « théorie métaopérationnelle ». Il n'a jamais exposé sa philosophie du langage, et l'hypothèse de cet article est que celle-ci, restée largement inconsciente, mêle éléments matérialistes et idéalistes.Il s'agit ici de dégager la philosophie implicite du langage d'Adamczewski, afin de permettre une meilleure compréhension de la pensée du chercheur et une évaluation plus fine de son apport à la linguistique anglaise et de sa place dans l'histoire de la discipline. On cherchera à démontrer que, chez Adamczewski, la manière dont ce système philosophique influe sur la théorisation est particulièrement intéressante. Cet article compare aussi les principes philosophiques dégagés avec ceux de la philosophie du langage dominante de son époque, et il en livre ainsi une étude critique.
El humor en la publicidad gráfica de la Dirección General de Tráfico en España (1960-2009)
Authors: Nicolás Ojeda Miguel Ángel , Martínez Pastor Esther , Gaona Pisonero Carmen 
Published: November 2015

El objeto de esta investigación es analizar el humor como modalidad semántica en las campañas publicitarias de la Dirección General de Tráfico de España (DGT) e identificar las emociones expresadas en los anuncios que utilizan este recurso. Metodología: Una aproximación metodológica interdisciplinar recoge las investigaciones antecedentes para comprender el estudio del humor como recurso para la elaboración del contenido y la forma de los mensajes publicitarios. Una revisión histórica de la publicidad gráfica de esta institución permite conocer cuándo y cómo el humor ha contribuido a codificar los mensajes publicitarios de la DGT. El universo estudiado está formado por toda la publicidad gráfica de la institución desde el año 1959 al 2009, un total de 246 anuncios. Resultados y conclusiones: Los resultados validan y clasifican la presencia del humor como recurso semántico por décadas estudiadas. A su vez, identifican los objetivos de comunicación de los anuncios analizados y los relaciona con el recurso humorístico utilizado, con los tipos de emociones proyectadas y con el mensaje de cada anuncio
Factors Explaining the Skills Transfer in Consulting Missions
Authors: Ksentini Noura , Mezghani Karim 
Published: November 2015

<p>The purpose of this article is to identify the factors that influence skills transfer from a consultant to a client during a consulting mission. A generic model is proposed in order to show the main factors in the context of an emerging country (Tunisia). Indeed, most works on this subject were performed in developed countries and involved the skills transfer in specific projects such as Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) or research and development projects. This paper deals with three influencing factors that were addressed from previous works. Those factors are associated to: (1) the consultant, (2) the client and (3) the characteristics of skills to be transferred.</p><p>To test the proposed model, a questionnaire is developed and then addressed to projects managers in 31 Tunisian firms that have recourse to external consultants' services. The collected data are analyzed using Partial Least Squares (PLS) method.</p><p>The results of data analyses allow concluding that skills transfer is more influenced by factors related to the consultant (project management capabilities, communication competencies and industry experience) as well as the causal ambiguity of skills to be transferred.</p><p> </p>
Robustness on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Connectives
Authors: Reiser Renata Hax Sander , Bedregal Benjamin Callejas 
Published: December 2015

<p><!--StartFragment-->The main contribution of this paper is concerned with the robustness of intuitionistic fuzzy connectives in fuzzy reasoning. Starting with an evaluation of the sensitivity in $n$-order functions on the class of intuitionistic fuzzy sets, we apply the results in the intuitionistic $(S,N)$-implication class. The paper formally states that the robustness preserves the projection functions in such class.</p>
On the Criteria for Receiving a Research Productivity Fellowship from the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development in Mathematics and Statistics
Authors: Valle Marcos Eduardo , Sakuray Fábio 
Published: December 2015

The fellowship of research productivity (PQ) granted by the national council for scientific and technological development (CNPq), besides the financial support, renders a significant status among Brazilian researchers of all areas of knowledge. Consequently, both the profile and the criteria for holding a PQ fellowship become of interest to the entire Brazilian scientific community. In this paper, we model the decision criteria as a weighted sum of the scientific production and the supervisory experience of an applicant for PQ fellowship. The scientific production is measured as the number of publications grouped according to the QUALIS system provided by the Brazilian federal agency for the improvement of higher education (CAPES). The Lattes curricula of the successful applicants for the PQ fellowship in the field of mathematics and statistics, along with the curricula of many non-PQ fellows of similar institutions, were used to estimate the criteria adopted in the last call for PQ <br />fellowship in category 2. By allowing a certain tolerance, the model reproduced the decision criteria within acceptable bounds using the previous and the current QUALIS systems over a database composed of 234 curricula. As a consequence, the model may help to decide whether a researcher applicant is worthy to receive a PQ fellowship. Furthermore, it confirmed the recognized value of publications in journals with an elevated rank in the QUALIS system.
(min,+)-wavelets for non-linear analysis
Authors: KENOUFI Abdelouahab , GONDRAN Michel 
Published: December 2015

<pre>For all function f : Rn to R one introduces (min; +)-wavelets which are lower and upper hulls build from (min; +) analysis.</pre><pre>One shows at theoretical level and on numerical applications for the Weierstrass functions, </pre><pre>that (min, +)-wavelets decomposition opens a non-linear branch to the multi-resolution analysis of a signal, </pre><pre>in particular for the Hölder exponents calculation and Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD).<br /></pre>
Multiscale Analysis of GPS Time Series from Non-decimated Wavelet to Investigate the Effects of Ionospheric Scintillation
Authors: Brassarote Gabriela De Oliveira Nascimento , Souza Eniuce Menezes de , Monico João Francisco Galera 
Published: December 2015

Due to the numerous application possibilities, the theory of wavelets has been applied in several areas of research. The Discrete Wavelet Transform is the most known version. However, the downsampling required for its calculation makes it sensitive to the origin, what is not ideal for some applications,mainly in time series. On the other hand, the Non-Decimated Discrete Wavelet Transform (or Maximum Overlap Discrete Wavelet Transform, Stationary Wavelet Transform, Shift-invariant Discrete Wavelet Transform, Redundant Discrete Wavelet Transform) is shift invariant, because it considers all the elements of the sample, by eliminating the downsampling and, consequently, represents a time series with the same number of coefficients at each scale. In the present paper, the objective is to present the theorical aspects of the a multiscale/multiresolution analysis of non-stationary time series from non-decimated wavelets in terms of its implementation using the same pyramidal algorithm of the decimated wavelet transform. An application with real time series of the effect of the ionospheric scintillation on artificial satellite signals is investigated. With this analysis some information and hidden patterns which can not be detected in the time domain, may therefore be explained in the space-frequency domain.
THE EXCAVATION OF PHUM SOPHY 2009-2010: AN IRON AGE SITE IN NORTH-WEST CAMBODIA
Authors: O'Reilly Dougald , Shewan Louise , Domett Kate , Newton Jennifer , Evans Damian , Vuthy Voeurn , Beavan Nancy 
Published: December 2015

Excavations were undertaken at the village (phum) of Sophy in Banteay Meanchey Province, north-west Cambodia over two field seasons in two separate areas in 2009 and 2010. The remains of twenty individuals were found in 14 mortuary contexts with individuals interred with a range of burial goods including ceramic vessels, stone and glass beads, iron and bronze artefacts and faunal remains. The site dates to the Iron Age (dates spanning the period c. 87-526 AD) and is surrounded by the ruins of later, Pre-Angkorian temples and their associated ponds. Excavation and research has revealed Sophy to be a prehistoric agricultural village in which the inhabitants exploited a wide-range of habitats and engaged in inter-regional exchange. The results of these investigations are presented here incorporating a description of the excavation, preliminary discussion of the material assemblage and demographic data obtained from the mortuary contexts.
Gravity waves amplify upper tropospheric dehydration by clouds
Authors: Schoeberl Mark R. , Jensen Eric J. , Woods Sarah 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe use a 1‐D cloud model run using a prescribed temperature field to investigate the role of gravity waves in dehydration in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL). We find that gravity waves play an important role in the TTL dehydration process beyond just lowering the minimum temperature experienced by the air parcels. We show that the more rapid cooling in the presence of gravity waves significantly increases the abundance ice crystals. This increase in ice crystal concentration causes a more rapid depletion of vapor in excess of saturation, and the resultant cloud dehydration efficiency is increased. Using a spectrum of gravity waves, we generate ice particle statistics that are in good agreement with observations. We also find that the gravity waves increase cloudiness. Our results show that cloud physics and gravity wave temperature fluctuations cannot be neglected in simulating the TTL physics. In fact, it appears that short‐period waves may be an essential component of the TTL cloud dehydration process.
Does a localized plasma disturbance in the ionosphere evolve to electrostatic equilibrium? Evidence to the contrary
Authors: Cosgrove Russell B. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractElectrostatic equilibrium must be achieved through electromagnetic evolution. From an initial state with nonzero neutral wind localized along the geomagnetic field, and with all other plasma and electromagnetic perturbations initially zero, evolution progresses from plasma velocity to electric field to magnetic field, where the last step can launch an Alfvén wave that transmits the electromagnetic disturbance along geomagnetic field lines. Without the Alfvén wave the disturbance does not map along geomagnetic field lines, and there is no semblance of electrostatic equilibrium. This paradigm is essentially the traditional magnetosphere/ionosphere coupling paradigm, except addressed to smaller‐scale, local ionospheric phenomena. However, Alfvén waves have not been thoroughly studied in the context of the partially ionized, collisional ionospheric plasma, and so the full effects predicted by this modeling paradigm are not known. In this work we adopt the two‐fluid equations and investigate whether the ionosphere supports Alfvén‐type waves that can transmit disturbances along geomagnetic field lines and perform a wave analysis of the “lumped circuit” parameters normally used to characterize the ionosphere under electrostatic equilibrium. We find that under the wave analysis (1) the Pedersen conductivity is severely modified and has a negative real part at short wavelengths; (2) the mapping distance for electric fields is significantly modified, and there is a nonnegligible wavelength along the geomagnetic field; and (3) the load admittance seen by a localized dynamo is strongly reactive, causing a phase offset between electric field and current, as compared with that when the load is electrostatic.
Modeling of Na airglow emission and first results on the nocturnal variation at midlatitude
Authors: Bag T. , Sunil Krishna M. V. , Singh Vir 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA model for sodium airglow emission is developed by incorporating all the known reaction mechanisms. The neutral, ionic, and photochemical mechanisms are successfully implemented into this model. The values of reaction rate coefficients are based upon the theoretical calculations as well as from experimental observations. The densities of major species are calculated using the continuity equations, whereas for the minor, intermediating, and short‐lived species steady state approximation method is used. The modeled results are validated with the rocket, lidar, and photometer observations for a branching ratio of 0.04 for the production of Na(2P) in the reaction NaO + O
Na(2P, 2S). The inputs have been obtained from other physics‐based models and ground‐ and satellite‐based observations to give the combined volume emission rate (VER) of Na airglow between 80 and 110 km altitude. In the present study, the model is used to understand the nocturnal variation of Na VER during the solstice conditions. The model results suggest a variation of peak emission layer between 85 and 90 km during summer solstice condition, indicating a lower value of peak emission rate during summer solstice. The emission rates bear a strong correlation with the O3 density during summer solstice, whereas the magnitude of VER follows the Na density during winter solstice. The altitude of peak VER shows an upward shift of 5 km during winter solstice.
Parameterization of incoming longwave radiation at glacier sites in the Canadian Rocky Mountains
Authors: Ebrahimi Samaneh , Marshall Shawn J. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe examine longwave radiation fluxes in the Canadian Rocky Mountains based on multiyear observations at glaciers in the southern and northern Rockies. Our main objective is to develop improved parameterizations of incoming longwave radiation for surface energy balance and melt modeling in glaciological studies, in situations where minimal meteorological data are available. We concentrate on the summer melt season, June through August. We test several common parameterizations of mean daily incoming longwave radiation and also explore simple regression‐based models of atmospheric emissivity as a function of near‐surface vapor pressure, relative humidity, and a sky clearness index (i.e., a proxy for cloud cover). Multivariate regressions based on these three variables have the strongest performance at our two sites, with RMS errors of 9–13 W m−2 and biases 1–2 W m−2 when transferred to different time periods or between sites in our study region. We also find good results for all‐sky atmospheric emissivity with a bivariate relation based on vapor pressure and relative humidity. This parameterization requires only screen‐level temperature and humidity as input data, which has value for modeling of incoming longwave radiation and surface energy balance when observational radiation and cloud data are not available.
Development and demonstration of a Lagrangian dispersion modeling system for real‐time prediction of smoke haze pollution from biomass burning in Southeast Asia
Authors: Hertwig Denise , Burgin Laura , Gan Christopher , Hort Matthew , Jones Andrew , Shaw Felicia , Witham Claire , Zhang Kathy 
Published: November 2015

AbstractTransboundary smoke haze caused by biomass burning frequently causes extreme air pollution episodes in maritime and continental Southeast Asia. With millions of people being affected by this type of pollution every year, the task to introduce smoke haze related air quality forecasts is urgent. We investigate three severe haze episodes: June 2013 in Maritime SE Asia, induced by fires in central Sumatra, and March/April 2013 and 2014 on mainland SE Asia. Based on comparisons with surface measurements of PM10 we demonstrate that the combination of the Lagrangian dispersion model NAME with emissions derived from satellite‐based active‐fire detection provides reliable forecasts for the region. Contrasting two fire emission inventories shows that using algorithms to account for fire pixel obscuration by cloud or haze better captures the temporal variations and observed persistence of local pollution levels. Including up‐to‐date representations of fuel types in the area and using better conversion and emission factors is found to more accurately represent local concentration magnitudes, particularly for peat fires. With both emission inventories the overall spatial and temporal evolution of the haze events is captured qualitatively, with some error attributed to the resolution of the meteorological data driving the dispersion process. In order to arrive at a quantitative agreement with local PM10 levels, the simulation results need to be scaled. Considering the requirements of operational forecasts, we introduce a real‐time bias correction technique to the modeling system to address systematic and random modeling errors, which successfully improves the results in terms of reduced normalized mean biases and fractional gross errors.
Evaluation of error in TRMM 3B42V7 precipitation estimates over the Himalayan region
Authors: Bharti Vidhi , Singh Charu 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAccurate precipitation measurement is crucial for weather forecasting and hydrological modeling. Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B42V7 satellite precipitation product offers an opportunity to monitor precipitation at high spatiotemporal resolution. However, it has several inherent errors related to observation, instrument, and rainfall retrieval algorithms. It is, therefore, essential to validate it with ground‐based measurements. We divide the region into different elevation ranges and compare 3B42V7 with India Meteorological Department gauge‐based measurements, so as to observe the behavior of satellite at different altitudes. This paper evaluates error characteristics of 3B42V7 using continuous and categorical validation schemes. The analysis reveals 3100 m altitude as the breakpoint for the satellite overestimating and underestimating rainfall amount for elevation ranges below and above it, respectively. It gives a poor positive correlation of ~0.23 between individual rainfall events, though the correlation improves (~0.67) for areal‐averaged precipitation values. 3B42V7 also underestimates the frequency of actual rainfall events and is not very good at identifying correct rain and no‐rain events with the overall accuracy of ~66%. Conclusively, the satellite exhibits comparatively better performance for 1000–2000 m elevations but exacerbates over higher‐altitude regions. Further, we assess its capability for very heavy rainfall events using three percentile thresholds. The low‐magnitude bias for 98th and 99th percentiles and high‐magnitude bias for 99.99th percentile imply that 3B42V7 may not be suitable for the study of very heavy rainfall events. On the basis of these findings, it is recommended to improve satellite precipitation retrieval algorithms by incorporating topographical and local climatic factors into consideration.
Detection of atmospheric rivers: Evaluation and application of an algorithm for global studies
Authors: Guan Bin , Waliser Duane E. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAtmospheric rivers (ARs) are narrow, elongated, synoptic jets of water vapor that play important roles in the global water cycle and regional weather/hydrology. A technique is developed for objective detection of ARs on the global domain based on characteristics of the integrated water vapor transport (IVT). AR detection involves thresholding 6‐hourly fields of ERA‐Interim IVT based on the 85th percentile specific to each season and grid cell and a fixed lower limit of 100 kg m−1 s−1 and checking for the geometry requirements of length >2000 km, length/width ratio >2, and other considerations indicative of AR conditions. Output of the detection includes the AR shape, axis, landfall location, and basic statistics of each detected AR. The performance of the technique is evaluated by comparison to AR detection in the western North America, Britain, and East Antarctica with three independently conducted studies using different techniques, with over ~90% agreement in AR dates. Among the parameters tested, AR detection shows the largest sensitivity to the length criterion in terms of changes in the resulting statistical distribution of AR intensity and geometry. Global distributions of key AR characteristics are examined, and the results highlight the global footprints of ARs and their potential importance on global and regional scales. Also examined are seasonal dependence of AR frequency and precipitation and their modulation by four prominent modes of large‐scale climate variability. The results are in broad consistency with previous studies that focused on landfalling ARs in the west coasts of North America and Europe.