bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diminutives in Ancient Greek
Authors: Meluzzi Chiara 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
This work analyzes diminutives in three Ancient Greek comedies by Aristophanes. Although this work may not be strictly defined as morphopragmatic in the very specific sense of the term provided by Dressler & Merlini Barbaresi (1994: 56–7), many considerations emerged within this theoretical framework. Ancient Greek diminutives were usually considered as related to gender: Fögen (2004: 228) refers to diminutives only as markers of emotion, with a “general tendency of women to be more affective or emotional than men”. However, data emerging from the analysis of Aristophanes’ three female comedies do not justify this claim. Another interpretation may be advanced: diminutives could be seen as markers of subjectivity, since they fulfill the function of indexing a speaker’s perspective, viewpoint and attitude (Athanasiadou 2007: 554), and also of affecting the addressee’s positive and negative faces (Brown & Levinson 1987).
Nulla sum, nulla sum: Tota, tota occidi
Authors: Fedriani Chiara 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Repetition of a linguistic form is a widespread strategy in the world’s languages to express a number of related functions, such as pluralization, distribution, collectivity and, crucially, intensification. This last function is the core meaning expressed by word repetition in Latin, a language where this copying process does not constitute a morphological rule, but rather an occasional mean to express intensification among the typical grammaticalized strategies (prefixes, the superlative suffix ‑issimus, and adverbs). This paper firstly provides a survey of forms and functions of repetition in Latin and suggests a distinction between degree and illocutionary intensification depending on their specific meaning, their scope, and the status of the source involved. Secondly, it contains a corpus-based study of word repetition based on the Plautine comedies, providing evidence about its uses and productivity effects across different lexical categories. The paper closes with a reassessment of the status of repetition as a pragmatic strategy of intensification in Latin, with a focus on Plautus, also offering some diachronic remarks.
A pragmatic view on intensification
Authors: Salzmann Katharina 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to show that Expansionen (‘expansions’), a category belonging to the grammar of spoken German, in addition to other functions described in previous studies (Salzmann 2017), can serve as intensifiers both in German and Italian. For this purpose, I will first define the concept of expansion and afterwards establish a definition of intensification that can be applied to the analysis of expansions. Intensification is considered as a phenomenon with both semantic and pragmatic aspects, which can be analysed at all levels of the speech act (locution, illocution and perlocution). The central part of this article is dedicated to the interpretation of various examples from a bilingual corpus of academic talks held at conferences.
The coordination of identical conjuncts as a means of strengthening expressions in German and Italian
Authors: Foschi Marina 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The article deals with syntactic units which are formed in German and in Italian by means of coordination of identical conjuncts with und or e. The resulting structure can be characterized as x ˄ x. x ˄ x units show weak productivity with a strong tendency to idiomaticity. They are often seen as stylistic means and idiomatic expressions to which the general rules of coordination do not strictly apply. Coordination of identical conjuncts is usually viewed as a case of “false coordination”, wherein the und/e conjugation does not have linking function. x ˄ x expressions are often used for specific stylistic effects, including intensification. Based on the observation of about 100 authentic examples in both languages, the article offers a description of different types of x ˄ x structures, in order to focus on those serving as intensifiers. The main issues addressed regard the roles of reduplication and conjunction in the intensification and the status of x ˄ x structures (independent groups or idioms). First contrastive observations are offered about frequency, form and function of x ˄ x structures in German and in Italian.
What does reduplication intensify?
Authors: Bonacchi Silvia 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In the present paper, the semantics of reduplication forms in Italian is analyzed on the basis of their intensifying pragmatic functions in regard to their base-forms (duration, graduation, modulation, disambiguation, accreditation of speaker, appeal to hearer) and to their “embodied” character (evoking gestuality and suprasegmentality) and compared with their possible equivalents in German. Reduplicative forms in Italian not only modify the truth-conditional value of verbal units – in the direction of a quantitative or qualitative intensification –; furthermore they express a new use-conditional (pragmatic) meaning. Reduplication is, in face-to-face-communication, therefore to be considered an important instrument of emotive communication (as strategic and intentional conveying of emotional information about feelings and attitudes towards things, events, interlocutors), used in specific contexts to express an affective register. Its main function is the modulation of affective intensity and the evocation of conversational and emotional (affective) implicatures. Instead of reduplicated forms, German uses other language resources which produce use-conditional (pragmatic) meanings: intensifiers, intensifying prefixes, modal particles, adverbs, verbal forms.
Tlachichilco Tepehua
Authors: Watters James K. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Tlachichilco Tepehua, like other Tepehua and Totonacan languages, has a rich system of morphology that modifies verb valency. There are five constructions that affect core arguments of the verb: the dative and causative and the four valency-decreasing constructions ─ passive, antipassive, body-part incorporation, and the decausative. These morphological processes typically affect inherent aspect and lexical semantics or facilitate tracking referents in discourse. The three applicative prefixes, and, in some cases, the dative suffix, license non-core arguments which function as direct arguments of the verb. Syntactically, the applicatives allow non-core arguments to be questioned or relativized. Semantically, their arguments manifest roles that are frame-internal ─ determined by the scene associated with the base verb ─ or frame-external, such as the benefactive.
Arabic ‘labile verbs’ in form III
Authors: Letuchiy Alexander 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The article discusses labile (also known as ambitransitive) verbs in literary Arabic. I show that, though Arabic does not have a rich system of labile verbs, some existing cases of lability (labile verbs of form III) are particularly interesting from the typological point of view. Their unusual property is that the opposition between semantically causative vs. non-causative uses (and number of syntactic arguments) do not always correlate with syntactic (in)transitivity. Verbs of form III have both possible types of non-standard uses: transitive non-causative and intransitive causative uses, as well as the two standard uses (transitive causative and intransitive non-causative uses). I link this non-standard type of lability to some general features of voice and transitivity in Arabic. At the end of the article, some cases of lability outside form III are discussed.
Standardizing Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Graft Preparation Method in the Eye Bank—Experience of 527 Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Tissues
Authors: Parekh Mohit , Baruzzo Mattia , Favaro Elisa , Borroni Davide , Ferrari Stefano , Ponzin Diego , Ruzza Alessandro 
Published: October 2017

Purpose:
To share the experience and provide a standardized protocol for Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) graft preparation.

Methods:
A retrospective study based on 527 prestripped DMEK tissues that were prepared between 2014 and 2017. The experience of using different instruments and techniques has been described, and a standardized technique for preparing DMEK grafts has been identified. The tissues in general were prepared by superficially tapping the endothelial side with a Moria trephine (9.5 mm diameter). The plane of cleavage was identified using a cleavage hook, and the DMEK graft was deadhered from the trephined site throughout the circumference for ease of excising the graft. The DMEK graft was peeled using either one or multiple quadrant methods depending on the challenges faced during excision. The graft was finally marked with the letter “F” to identify the orientation during surgery. Data on endothelial cell loss (ECL) and challenging cases were observed, monitored, and recorded during this period.

Results:
Less than 1 percent trypan blue-positive cells with tissue wastage of <6% was observed during the study period. Our standardized stripping technique has resulted in an overall ECL of 4.6%. Marking Descemet membrane showed 0.5% cell mortality.

Conclusions:
Standardizing DMEK technique using specific tools and simple techniques would help new surgeons to decide the instruments and improve their tissue preparation skills also in challenging cases such as previous cataract incisions or horseshoe-shaped tears, further reducing ECL or tissue wastage.
Influence of catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met on fear of pain and placebo analgesia
Authors: Forsberg June T. , Gjerstad Johannes , Flaten Magne Arve , Aslaksen Per M. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Higher levels of fear have been shown to partly explain individual differences in placebo analgesic responding. The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) rs4680 Val158Met polymorphism has been associated with both increased placebo analgesia and increased fear-related behavior, in what appears to be inconsistent findings in the literature. The aim of the study was therefore to investigate placebo analgesia and fear-related processes with regard to the COMT genotype, to sort out whether the Met-allele is associated with increased placebo analgesia or increased fear of pain (FOP). A 3 Group (Emla, placebo and natural history) by 5 Test (2 pretest, 3 posttests) mixed design was used (N = 223). A contact heat-evoked stimulator was used to induce pain, and FOP was quantified with the Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III. Saliva was obtained for genotyping. As expected, we observed a significant interaction of test by group (P < 0.01), with lower pain report in the placebo group compared with the natural history group (P < 0.01). There was a main effect of the COMT genotype on fear of medical pain (P = 0.032), and Met-allele carriers reported significantly higher fear of medical pain compared with the Val-allele (P = 0.044). We observed no effect of the COMT genotype on mean pain-level report or placebo analgesia. Thus, we conclude that the Met-allele seems to be associated with the negative emotional process of fear, but not with placebo analgesia.
Alignment: the foundation of effective strategy execution
Authors: Srivastava Amit Kumar , Sushil  
Published: October 2017

PurposeUnderstanding a lack of strategy execution research, especially a lack of execution frameworks, the purpose of this paper is to focus on building a model of one of the most classic aspects of effective strategy execution, i.e. alignment. The proposed framework of alignment demonstrates linkages among different factors of alignment and suggests a managerial action plan to successfully convert strategic goals into execution performance.Design/methodology/approachThis study develops an empirically tested framework of “alignment” that can be used to plan effective strategy execution. The research context of the study is the firms operating in the infrastructure sector of India. A multi-method approach, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques, has been adopted with emphasis on the interpretation of the framework to suggest managerial actions.FindingsThis study shows that structure-strategy linkage is the most fundamental task of strategy execution. However, there are other aspects of alignment also that are critical. Also, there exist hierarchical relationships among different alignments. The structural understanding of alignment is required to set strong foundation for execution process.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited to firms in the infrastructure sector of India. A questionnaire survey approach may invite some bias in response. Also, a large sample size could have been more useful to generalize findings. The proposed framework in this study suggest that the alignment of structure with strategy is important but not sufficient for effective strategy execution. There exist hierarchical relationships, among the factors of alignment, showing a dependence-driving relationship.Practical implicationsStrategy execution is one of the biggest challenges that corporations have been facing. The existing literature has identified many issues leading to effective strategy execution. The “alignment” aspect of execution has been the most talked about. There are different levels of alignment required for successful strategy execution. Literature suggests some of the key areas of alignment. However, there has been a lack of frameworks demonstrating linkages among different alignments to facilitate effective strategy execution.Originality/valueThere is a lack of strategy execution frameworks, especially reflecting on the alignment aspect of strategy execution. This study focuses not only on “how” of the framework development but also on the “why” aspect of the same. The interpretation approach also helps in pondering on the contextual realities.
Revising the budgeting model: challenges of implementation at a university
Authors: Kenno Staci A. , Sainty Barbara 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review the challenges of implementing a new activity-based budgeting model in a university setting.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors have conducted heuristic inquiry and content analysis to provide an in-depth examination and overview of the process of budget change at a not-for-profit institution.

Findings
Despite attempts to design a process where resource allocation is guided by principles of revenue generation, cost attribution, measures of quality and fit with strategic plan, overarching issues such as complexities of implementation and a lack of continuity of key personnel made it difficult to implement a new budgeting system.

Research limitations/implications
As it is a single case study, there may be some concerns regarding reliability and replicability. Subsequent work on a larger scale may mitigate some of these concerns.

Practical implications
The study demonstrates the challenges of implementing a new budgeting system where strategic choices may differ from revenue generating opportunities and when there has been significant turnover in personnel. The authors provide a perspective on how budgeting can be used to support an organization’s mission in addition to supporting revenue generating prospects, the empirics reinforce the implementation challenges and the need for continuity of key employees to implement change effectively.

Originality/value
The study suggests a new approach to incentive-based budgeting where resource allocation is informed by a number of activities (revenue generation, cost attribution, fit with strategic goals and quality of programs). It is not formula-driven and it stresses the importance of judgment to determine final resource allocation. Furthermore, the authors provide some support for the change management literature for implementing change in a complex organization.
The relationships between reporting format, environmental disclosure and environmental performance
Authors: Hassan Abeer , Guo Xin 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to assess whether European companies issue standalone environmental reports in an attempt to gain and maintain legitimacy with relevant stakeholders. This is achieved by creating and empirically testing a model of the relationships between corporate reporting format, industry membership, environmental disclosure, and environmental performance.

Design/methodology/approach
Data are collected from 100 large European companies in carbon and non-carbon-intensive industries. Hypothesis testing is conducted via structure equation modeling.

Findings
Evidence exists that companies which disclose environmental information in standalone environmental reports tend to provide higher levels of environmental information than companies which combine financial and environmental disclosure in annual reports. The findings support greenwashing as a new perspective of legitimacy theory: companies in carbon-intensive industry use standalone environmental reports to pose as good corporate citizens even when they are not.

Research limitations/implications
The sample companies are large European companies and this could limit the generalizability of research findings. The authors call for longitudinal studies examining how the relationship between reporting format and environmental disclosure changes.

Practical implications
This paper suggests that reporting format be considered a proactive, strategic communication-driven activity rather than a decision that managers passively make in response to external scrutiny.

Originality/value
The paper contributes to the literature by adding to the scarce evidence of the relationship between reporting format and environmental disclosure. Greenwashing as a new perspective of legitimacy theory is used to develop research hypotheses.
Exploring the relationship between business process improvement and employees’ behavior
Authors: Bakotic Danica , Krnic Ante 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate and clarify the relationship between business process improvement and employees’ behavior. More precisely, the purpose is to test whether a business process improvement initiative has a positive impact on performance and employees’ behavior, namely, motivation, communication and knowledge sharing.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical research of this paper was conducted in the year 2013 in an ICT company on 52 employees who worked in the company’s R&D Centre. Business process improvement is analyzed in the change of work method for software development. Two projects of software development were observed. The data about the projects were collected by using the company’s documentation. The data about employees’ behavior were collected by a specially designed questionnaire.FindingsBusiness process improvement led to better results and overall performance. Furthermore, it was found that business process improvement enhanced three important elements of employees’ behavior. These are motivation, communication and knowledge sharing.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitations of this study are small research sample, focusing on just the way of business process improvement and on only one company. Therefore, the results cannot be generalized and considered as being generally accepted.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study could be useful for ICT companies because it shows the benefits of the Kanban method.Originality/valueThe major contribution of this study is to prove the positive impact of business process improvement initiatives on overall performance and on the special elements of employees’ behavior. This cognition enhances the existing knowledge on business process improvements.
On increasing of density of transistors in a hybrid cascaded multilevel inverter
Authors: Pankratov Evgeny L. , Bulaeva Elena A. 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analytically model redistribution of dopant in a heterostructure during annealing of dopant and/or radiation defects (during the modeling, the authors consider two types of infusing of the dopant: dopant diffusion and ion implantation). The authors consider a heterostructure, which consists of a substrate and an epitaxial layer. After that the authors consider doping of several specific areas to manufacture heterodiodes and heterobipolar transistors framework hybrid cascaded multilevel inverter.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the modeling, the authors introduce an approach to increase density of diodes and bipolar transistors framework hybrid cascaded multilevel inverter, which has been manufactured based on the heterostructure. The approach is based on using inhomogeneity of the heterostructure and optimization of annealing of dopant and/or radiation defects.

Findings
The approach gives us possibility to take into account nonlinearity of considered processes.

Originality/value
The authors introduce an analytical approach to model diffusion and ion types of doping with account concurrent changing of parameters in space and time.
Mushrooms as a strategy to reduce food insecurity in Colombia
Authors: Cuesta María-Carolina , Castro-Ríos Katherin 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to address the issue of food security and its role in the inclusion of edible and medicinal mushrooms in the diets of nutritionally vulnerable populations in Colombia, allowing an overview of the nutritional situation and its main structural causes, the importance of food security programs, the advantages and disadvantages of the use of mushrooms and strategies and challenges in promoting the cultivation and consumption of macromycetes.

Design/methodology/approach
An extensive literature review was conducted to develop this viewpoint paper.

Findings
According to the results of this study, for edible fungi to become a viable alternative in the Colombian food culture, it is necessary to develop strategies and educational programs for food security, to conduct applied research to assess the incorporation of mushrooms into the food culture of the communities and to consider the acceptability of this food. This requires promoting the properties of mushrooms and considering their nutritional and/or medicinal contributions, self-consumption, commercialization to buy other food and the utilization of by-products or agricultural residues for cultivation, all while paying heed to the implications of food safety and regulations. The contributions of different professionals in social and technical areas in transferring knowledge to the community, and especially to “replicator leaders”, is also of great relevance to the acceptability of these ideas within communities.

Social implications
Edible fungi are a possible response to malnutrition problems in adult and infant populations in Colombia.

Originality/value
No previous study has investigated the potential of mushrooms as a strategy to decrease food insecurity in Colombia.