bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body size, experience, and sex do matter: Multiyear study shows improved passage rates for alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) through small‐scale Denil and pool‐and‐weir fishways
Authors: Nau G. S. , Spares A. D. , Andrews S. N. , Mallory M. L. , McLellan N. R. , Stokesbury M. J. W. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAlewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) passage through 3 fishways was assessed during the 2013–2016 spawning runs in 3 rivers of the Isthmus of Chignecto, Canada. From April 24 to June 10, 5,423 alewife with a mean ± SD fork length of 227 ± 18 mm were tagged with passive integrated transponders. During their tagging year, approximately half of individuals (40% to 64%) went undetected whereas those detected used fishways from April 16 to July 8. Detected alewife were significantly longer than those undetected. Attraction rates to fishway entrances in 2015 and 2016 ranged from 85% to 98%. Annual fishway passage rates for pooled fish tagged that year and returnees, varied from 64% to 97% for 2 Denil style fishways. A pool‐and‐weir fishway that was dysfunctional (2013), repaired (2014), and replaced (2015–2016) yielded 0.5%, 25%, 60%, and 73% annual pooled passage rates, respectively. Larger individuals, previously tagged returnees, and males compared to females of a similar size had higher passage success suggesting some fishways may apply population‐level selective pressures. Alewife passage rates related to fishway style, design, and proper function, with greater passage for the 2 Denils than the pool‐and‐weir fishway in our study. Regular structural maintenance and fish passage reviews are essential management considerations to ensure fishway functioning and river connectivity. Replacement of a fishway with poor fish passage may be the best option to improve passage rates. Future research should address the effects of multiple anthropogenic instream obstructions, environmental variables, negative sublethal post‐tagging effects, and the importance of returnees on fish passage rates in fishways.
Accuracy of swallow roost locations assigned using weather surveillance radar
Authors: Kelly Jeffrey F. , Pletschet Sandra M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWeather surveillance radars (WSR) have been used to detect roosting aggregations of swallows since the 1950s. We provide the first quantitative assessment of the accuracy of roost locations derived from WSR images. We found 265 swallow roosts in WSR images from the Eastern US (east of 100oW) between June and September over 7 years (2010–2016). We quantified error in WSR‐based roost locations of 72 of these roosts by comparing them to ground‐truth locations. Purple Martins (Progne subis) formed 67 (93%) of ground‐truthed roosts. Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) and Bank Swallows (Riparia riparia) formed the other 5 roosts (7%); all of which were in the northeastern U.S. (north of 41oN and east of 80oW). Magnitude of roost‐location error was 2.94 kilometers (SD = 1.63 km, N = 72, range = 0–7.3). This error increased slightly, but significantly, with distance from the WSR (R2 = 0.13, P = 0.002). Location error was not influenced by wind speed. Directions of location errors (from confirmed to estimated location) were clumped in a southeasterly direction (x̅ = 128.9°, SD = 1.32, N = 72, P < 0.05). Similarly, prevailing wind direction (x̅ = 180.0°, SD = 1.28, N = 71, P < 0.01) tended to come from the south. Wind direction and direction to the nearest WSR were not correlated with direction of the location error. Magnitude and direction of error associated with using WSR images to assign geographic locations to swallow roosts is small. This error is largely unaffected by variation in distance and direction to WSR stations and prevailing wind conditions. These results enable future studies that seek automated approaches to roost identification and permit association with other environmental data at the appropriate level of spatial precision.
Functionalized Nanochannels from Self‐Assembled and Photomodified Poly(Styrene‐b‐Butadiene‐b‐Styrene)
Authors: Sutisna Burhannudin , Polymeropoulos George , Musteata Valentina , Sougrat Rachid , Smilgies Detlef‐M. , Peinemann Klaus‐Viktor , Hadjichristidis Nikolaos , Nunes Suzana P. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMembranes are prepared by self‐assembly and casting of 5 and 13 wt% poly(styrene‐b‐butadiene‐b‐styrene) (PS‐b‐PB‐b‐PS) copolymers solutions in different solvents, followed by immersion in water or ethanol. By controlling the solution‐casting gap, porous films of 50 and 1 µm thickness are obtained. A gradient of increasing pore size is generated as the distance from the surface increased. An ordered porous surface layer with continuous nanochannels can be observed. Its formation is investigated, by using time‐resolved grazing incident small angle X‐ray scattering, electron microscopy, and rheology, suggesting a strong effect of the air–solution interface on the morphology formation. The thin PS‐b‐PB‐b‐PS ordered films are modified, by promoting the photolytic addition of thioglycolic acid to the polybutadiene groups, adding chemical functionality and specific transport characteristics on the preformed nanochannels, without sacrificing the membrane morphology. Photomodification increases fivefold the water permeance to around 2 L m−2 h−1 bar−1, compared to that of the unmodified one. A rejection of 74% is measured for methyl orange in water. The membranes fabrication with tailored nanochannels and chemical functionalities can be demonstrated using relatively lower cost block copolymers. Casting on porous polyacrylonitrile supports makes the membranes even more scalable and competitive in large scale.
Interdependence of attachment styles and relationship quality in parent‐adolescent dyads
Authors: Chow Chong Man , Hart Ellen , Ellis Lillian , Tan Cin Cin 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThe current study examined how attachment styles of parents and adolescents may jointly influence the quality of their relationship. Parent‐adolescent (Ndyads = 77) pairs were recruited from a Midwestern town in the United States. The mean of adolescents' age was 16.25. Both members reported their attachment styles, relationship closeness, and relationship discord. The Actor‐Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) showed that both members' attachment avoidance was associated with self‐report lower levels of closeness. Parents' attachment anxiety was related to relationship discord. Parents with higher avoidant attachment reported lower closeness when adolescents were higher in avoidant attachment. Higher parents' anxious attachment was related to higher relationship closeness when adolescents were higher on anxious attachment. Such an association was negative when adolescents had lower anxious attachment. Higher parents’ anxious attachment was related to greater discord when adolescents were lower on anxiety attachment. This study reveals the complex dyadic dynamics of relationship quality in parent‐adolescent pairs.
Necrotizing fasciitis of the head and neck: Surgical follow up of 2 cases with the use of LRINEC score
Authors: AlBader Abdulmohsen , AlObaid Faisal , AlArouj Hamoud , Bhat Imtiyaz 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Necrotizing fasciitis of the head and neck is a rare, rapidly progressive infection involving the skin, subcutaneous tissue and fascia. We report two cases that presented at the otolaryngology department at our institute in 2016. Both patients presented with a history of diabetes and according to the LRINEC score they both showed a moderate risk of having the disease. LRINEC is a valuable tool in both diagnosing the case and can be used to follow up the case, as the first case showed a decrease in score during her stay in the hospital, the second case showed an increase in score. We advocate the importance of early detection, eradicating the source of infection followed by frequent, meticulous wound dressing and strict blood sugar control to obtain better outcomes in managing necrotizing fasciitis of the head and neck.

Highlights
Alzheimer's disease in humans and other animals: A consequence of postreproductive life span and longevity rather than aging
Authors: Gunn‐Moore Danièlle , Kaidanovich‐Beilin Oksana , Iradi María Carolina Gallego , Gunn‐Moore Frank , Lovestone Simon 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIntroductionAlzheimer's disease and diabetes mellitus are linked by epidemiology, genetics, and molecular pathogenesis. They may also be linked by the remarkable observation that insulin signaling sets the limits on longevity. In worms, flies, and mice, disrupting insulin signaling increases life span leading to speculation that caloric restriction might extend life span in man. It is our contention that man is already a long‐lived organism, specifically with a remarkably high postfertility life span, and that it is this that results in the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and diabetes.MethodsWe review evidence for this hypothesis that carries specific predictions including that other animals with exceptionally long postreproductive life span will have increased risk of both diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.Results and ConclusionsWe present novel evidence that Dolphin, like man, an animal with exceptional longevity, might be one of the very few natural models of Alzheimer's disease.
Loss of cardiac resynchronization therapy in a patient with a biventricular implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator
Authors: Alasti Mohammad , Rangasamy Karthikeyan , Healy Stewart , Adam David , Kotschet Emily 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHere, we discuss the case of a man with a history of ischemic cardiomyopathy and cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator implantation, who presented to emergency department with decompensated heart failure due to the loss of resynchronization therapy. The reason for the malfunction was left ventricle upper rate interval lock‐in due to inappropriate programming of the device.
Struggles over Land and Authority in Africa
Authors: Berry Sara 
Published: October 2017

Abstract:This article reviews major changes in policies and practices of land allocation and use in sub-Saharan Africa since ca 1990, using two comparative case studies to illustrate their implications for relations between local and national authority. One case contrasts Ghana, where intense local conflicts over land and authority did not translate into political conflict at the national level, with Côte d’Ivoire, where they did. The other compares political strategies and the influence of traditional chiefs in Ghana and South Africa.
Evaluating a transdiagnostic acceptance and commitment therapy psychoeducation intervention
Authors: Cartwright Jessica , Hooper Nic 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPsychoeducation courses have gained some empirical support as effective early intervention strategies. Many of these courses reflect traditional cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) thinking but psychoeducation courses based on other approaches are beginning to emerge. One such course, ‘ACTivate Your Life’, is based on acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). The aim of this preliminary investigation is to evaluate a four-session (eight-hour) ACT psychoeducation intervention delivered within the Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University (ABMU) Health Board. Participants were invited to complete four outcome measures (assessing depression, anxiety, self-esteem and life satisfaction) and two process measures (assessing mindfulness self-efficacy and psychological flexibility) at pre- and post-intervention. Statistical analysis indicated that participants’ scores across each of the measured domains showed highly significant changes. These results suggest that a brief psychoeducation ACT course may be useful in helping people in need of early psychological intervention, and that further research is now needed to provide a definitive evaluation of its effectiveness.
Laterally extended atomically precise graphene nanoribbons with improved electrical conductivity for efficient gas sensing
Authors: Mehdi Pour Mohammad , Lashkov Andrey , Radocea Adrian , Liu Ximeng , Sun Tao , Lipatov Alexey , Korlacki Rafal A. , Shekhirev Mikhail , Aluru Narayana R. , Lyding Joseph W. , Sysoev Victor , Sinitskii Alexander 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNarrow atomically precise graphene nanoribbons hold great promise for electronic and optoelectronic applications, but the previously demonstrated nanoribbon-based devices typically suffer from low currents and mobilities. In this study, we explored the idea of lateral extension of graphene nanoribbons for improving their electrical conductivity. We started with a conventional chevron graphene nanoribbon, and designed its laterally extended variant. We synthesized these new graphene nanoribbons in solution and found that the lateral extension results in decrease of their electronic bandgap and improvement in the electrical conductivity of nanoribbon-based thin films. These films were employed in gas sensors and an electronic nose system, which showed improved responsivities to low molecular weight alcohols compared to similar sensors based on benchmark graphitic materials, such as graphene and reduced graphene oxide, and a reliable analyte recognition. This study shows the methodology for designing new atomically precise graphene nanoribbons with improved properties, their bottom-up synthesis, characterization, processing and implementation in electronic devices.
Upstream watershed condition predicts rural children’s health across 35 developing countries
Authors: Herrera Diego , Ellis Alicia , Fisher Brendan , Golden Christopher D. , Johnson Kiersten , Mulligan Mark , Pfaff Alexander , Treuer Timothy , Ricketts Taylor H. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDiarrheal disease (DD) due to contaminated water is a major cause of child mortality globally. Forests and wetlands can provide ecosystem services that help maintain water quality. To understand the connections between land cover and childhood DD, we compiled a database of 293,362 children in 35 countries with information on health, socioeconomic factors, climate, and watershed condition. Using hierarchical models, here we find that higher upstream tree cover is associated with lower probability of DD downstream. This effect is significant for rural households but not for urban households, suggesting differing dependence on watershed conditions. In rural areas, the effect of a 30% increase in upstream tree cover is similar to the effect of improved sanitation, but smaller than the effect of improved water source, wealth or education. We conclude that maintaining natural capital within watersheds can be an important public health investment, especially for populations with low levels of built capital.
A three-dimensional view of structural changes caused by deactivation of fluid catalytic cracking catalysts
Authors: Ihli J. , Jacob R. R. , Holler M. , Guizar-Sicairos M. , Diaz A. , da Silva J. C. , Ferreira Sanchez D. , Krumeich F. , Grolimund D. , Taddei M. , Cheng W. -C. , Shu Y. , Menzel A. , van Bokhoven J. A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSince its commercial introduction three-quarters of a century ago, fluid catalytic cracking has been one of the most important conversion processes in the petroleum industry. In this process, porous composites composed of zeolite and clay crack the heavy fractions in crude oil into transportation fuel and petrochemical feedstocks. Yet, over time the catalytic activity of these composite particles decreases. Here, we report on ptychographic tomography, diffraction, and fluorescence tomography, as well as electron microscopy measurements, which elucidate the structural changes that lead to catalyst deactivation. In combination, these measurements reveal zeolite amorphization and distinct structural changes on the particle exterior as the driving forces behind catalyst deactivation. Amorphization of zeolites, in particular, close to the particle exterior, results in a reduction of catalytic capacity. A concretion of the outermost particle layer into a dense amorphous silica–alumina shell further reduces the mass transport to the active sites within the composite.
Interconnected subsets of memory follicular helper T cells have different effector functions
Authors: Asrir Assia , Aloulou Meryem , Gador Mylène , Pérals Corine , Fazilleau Nicolas 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFollicular helper T cells regulate high-affinity antibody production. Memory follicular helper T cells can be local in draining lymphoid organs and circulate in the blood, but the underlying mechanisms of this subdivision are unresolved. Here we show that both memory follicular helper T subsets sustain B-cell responses after reactivation. Local cells promote more plasma cell differentiation, whereas circulating cells promote more secondary germinal centers. In parallel, local memory B cells are homogeneous and programmed to become plasma cells, whereas circulating memory B cells are able to rediversify. Local memory follicular helper T cells have higher affinity T-cell receptors, which correlates with expression of peptide MHC-II at the surface of local memory B cells only. Blocking T-cell receptor–peptide MHC-II interactions induces the release of local memory follicular helper T cells in the circulating compartment. Our studies show that memory follicular helper T localization is highly intertwined with memory B cells, a finding that has important implications for vaccine design.
PNLDC1 is essential for piRNA 3′ end trimming and transposon silencing during spermatogenesis in mice
Authors: Ding Deqiang , Liu Jiali , Dong Kunzhe , Midic Uros , Hess Rex A. , Xie Huirong , Demireva Elena Y. , Chen Chen 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPiwi-interacting RNAs are small regulatory RNAs with key roles in transposon silencing and regulation of gametogenesis. The production of mature piwi-interacting RNAs requires a critical step of trimming piwi-interacting RNA intermediates to achieve optimally sized piwi-interacting RNAs. The poly(A)-specific ribonuclease family deadenylase PNLDC1 is implicated in piwi-interacting RNA trimming in silkworms. The physiological function of PNLDC1 in mammals remains unknown. Using Pnldc1-deficient mice, here we show that PNLDC1 is required for piwi-interacting RNA biogenesis, transposon silencing, and spermatogenesis. Pnldc1 mutation in mice inhibits piwi-interacting RNA trimming and causes accumulation of untrimmed piwi-interacting RNA intermediates with 3′ end extension, leading to severe reduction of mature piwi-interacting RNAs in the testis. Pnldc1 mutant mice exhibit disrupted LINE1 retrotransposon silencing and defect in spermiogenesis. Together, these results define PNLDC1 as a mammalian piwi-interacting RNA biogenesis factor that protects the germline genome and ensures normal sperm production in mice.
Shuttling single metal atom into and out of a metal nanoparticle
Authors: Wang Shuxin , Abroshan Hadi , Liu Chong , Luo Tian-Yi , Zhu Manzhou , Kim Hyung J. , Rosi Nathaniel L. , Jin Rongchao 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIt has long been a challenge to dope metal nanoparticles with a specific number of heterometal atoms at specific positions. This becomes even more challenging if the heterometal belongs to the same group as the host metal because of the high tendency of forming a distribution of alloy nanoparticles with different numbers of dopants due to the similarities of metals in outmost electron configuration. Herein we report a new strategy for shuttling a single Ag or Cu atom into a centrally hollow, rod-shaped Au24 nanoparticle, forming AgAu24 and CuAu24 nanoparticles in a highly controllable manner. Through a combined approach of experiment and theory, we explain the shuttling pathways of single dopants into and out of the nanoparticles. This study shows that the single dopant is shuttled into the hollow Au24 nanoparticle either through the apex or side entry, while shuttling a metal atom out of the Au25 to form the Au24 nanoparticle occurs mainly through the side entry.
Homo-PROTACs: bivalent small-molecule dimerizers of the VHL E3 ubiquitin ligase to induce self-degradation
Authors: Maniaci Chiara , Hughes Scott J. , Testa Andrea , Chen Wenzhang , Lamont Douglas J. , Rocha Sonia , Alessi Dario R. , Romeo Roberto , Ciulli Alessio 
Published: October 2017

AbstractE3 ubiquitin ligases are key enzymes within the ubiquitin proteasome system which catalyze the ubiquitination of proteins, targeting them for proteasomal degradation. E3 ligases are gaining importance as targets to small molecules, both for direct inhibition and to be hijacked to induce the degradation of non-native neo-substrates using bivalent compounds known as PROTACs (for ‘proteolysis-targeting chimeras’). We describe Homo-PROTACs as an approach to dimerize an E3 ligase to trigger its suicide-type chemical knockdown inside cells. We provide proof-of-concept of Homo-PROTACs using diverse molecules composed of two instances of a ligand for the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) E3 ligase. The most active compound, CM11, dimerizes VHL with high avidity in vitro and induces potent, rapid and proteasome-dependent self-degradation of VHL in different cell lines, in a highly isoform-selective fashion and without triggering a hypoxic response. This approach offers a novel chemical probe for selective VHL knockdown, and demonstrates the potential for a new modality of chemical intervention on E3 ligases.
Strict molecular sieving over electrodeposited 2D-interspacing-narrowed graphene oxide membranes
Authors: Qi Benyu , He Xiaofan , Zeng Gaofeng , Pan Yichang , Li Guihua , Liu Guojuan , Zhang Yanfeng , Chen Wei , Sun Yuhan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTo separate small molecules/species, it’s crucial but still challenging to narrow the 2D-interspacing of graphene oxide (GO) membranes without damaging the membrane. Here the fast deposition of ultrathin, defect-free and robust GO layers is realized on porous stainless steel hollow fibers (PSSHFs) by a facile and practical electrophoresis deposition (ED) method. In this approach, oxygen-containing groups of GO are selectively reduced, leading to a controlled decrease of the 2D channels of stacked GO layers. The resultant ED-GO@PSSHF composite membranes featured a sharp cutoff between C2 (ethane and ethene) and C3 (propane and propene) hydrocarbons and exhibited nearly complete rejections for the smallest alcohol and ion in aqueous solutions. This demonstrates the versatility of GO based membranes for the precise separation of various types of mixtures. At the same time, a robust mechanical strength of the ED-GO@PSSHF membrane is also achieved due to the enhanced interaction at GO/support and GO/GO interfaces.
Integrative analysis of genomic and epigenomic regulation of the transcriptome in liver cancer
Authors: Woo Hyun Goo , Choi Ji-Hye , Yoon Sarah , Jee Byul A. , Cho Eun Ju , Lee Jeong-Hoon , Yu Su Jong , Yoon Jung-Hwan , Yi Nam-Joon , Lee Kwang-Woong , Suh Kyung-Suk , Kim Yoon Jun 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma harbors numerous genomic and epigenomic aberrations of DNA copy numbers and DNA methylation. Transcriptomic deregulation by these aberrations plays key driver roles in heterogeneous progression of cancers. Here, we profile DNA copy numbers, DNA methylation, and messenger RNA expression levels from 64 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma specimens. We find that the frequencies of the aberrancies of the DNA copy-number-correlated (CNVcor) expression genes and the methylation-correlated expression (METcor) genes are co-regulated significantly. Multi-omics integration of the CNVcor and METcor genes reveal three prognostic subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma, which can be validated by an independent data. The most aggressive subtype expressing stemness genes has frequent BAP1 mutations, implying its pivotal role in the aggressive tumor progression. In conclusion, our integrative analysis of genomic and epigenomic regulation provides new insights on the multi-layered pathobiology of hepatocellular carcinoma, which might be helpful in developing precision management for hepatocellular carcinoma patients.