bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary selenium intake and sarcopenia in American adults
Authors: Li Jianfen , Jiang Chaohui , Wu Lingfeng , Tian Jiangyan , Zhang Bin 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThe relationship between dietary selenium intake and sarcopenia remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study investigates the associations between dietary selenium intake and sarcopenia among American adults.MethodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed data from 19,696 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the periods 1999–2006 and 2011–2018. Appendicular muscle mass, assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and adjusted for body mass index, was used as a marker for sarcopenia. Dietary selenium intake was evaluated using the 24-h dietary recall system, and the study accounted for the complex sampling methodology and incorporated dietary sample weights in the analysis.ResultsAmong the 19,696 participants, the prevalence of sarcopenia was found to be 8.46%. When compared to the lowest quintile of dietary selenium intake (Q1, &lt; 80.10 μg/day), the odds ratios for sarcopenia in the second quintile (Q2, 80.10–124.61 μg/day) and the third quintile (Q3, &gt;124.61 μg/day) were 0.80 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.70–0.92, p = 0.002] and 0.61 (95% CI: 0.51–0.73, p &lt; 0.001), respectively. A negative relationship was observed between dietary selenium intake and sarcopenia (non-linear: p = 0.285). Furthermore, sensitivity analyses revealed a robust association between selenium intake and the prevalence of sarcopenia after further adjusting for blood selenium levels.ConclusionThe results suggest an inverse association between dietary selenium intake and the prevalence of sarcopenia among American adults.
A retrospective study of irreversible electroporation for tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure
Authors: Gong Ju , Wang Shunhong , Wang Shuting , Li Chaojie , Li Wenhua , Chen Yingjie , Xia Ning , Wang Chen , Wang Zhongmin 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundIrreversible electroporation has been proved as a feasible and safe method against tumor in liver. However, few studies focused on tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure like vessels, biliary system and gall bladder. These structures limit the effectiveness of conventional treatments. The aim of this article is to analyze the clinical outcomes of patients with hepatic tumors at the special sites who received IRE treatment and provide reliable evidence for broadening the scope of IRE’s clinical application.MethodsThe clinical information of patients who underwent IRE ablation for tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure between February 2017 and December 2021 was collected and retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced CT or MRI for further evaluation at the 1-month follow-up and every 3 months thereafter. Post-ablation complications, recurrence, progression-free survival and overall survival were evaluated to analyze the prognosis of IRE ablation adjacent to perihepatic important structure. Categorical variables are presented as numbers followed by percentages. Continuous data are presented as the mean ± deviation. The tumor size and IRE ablation size were evaluated by the maximum diameters.ResultsThirty-two patients who underwent IRE ablation for tumor adjacent to perihepatic important structure were studied in this research. There were 39 lesions in 32 patients treated with IRE ablation. Fourteen of them (35.9%) were located adjacent to the porta hepatis, and 8 of them (20.5%) were located adjacent to the hepatocaval confluence. Subcapsular lesions accounted for 15.4% (6 of 39 lesions). The other 11 lesions were in the para gallbladder (5 of 39 lesions, 12.8%), the caudate lobe (5 of 39 lesions, 12.8%) and the colonic hepatic flexure (1 of 39 lesions, 2.6%). According to the Clavien−Dindo classification system for complications, all relative patients with cancer experienced complications below class III except one patient who developed postoperative hemorrhagic shock and improved after timely treatment. Recurrence in situ was observed in 5 of 32 (15.6%) patients. The median PFS of the patients who received IRE ablation was 384 days, and the median OS was 571 days.ConclusionIRE ablation is a feasible and safe treatment strategy for tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure. With improved equipment, optimized therapeutic parameters and long-term clinical trials, IRE will play an increasingly important role in the treatment of tumors in liver.
Differentiated thyroid cancer and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study
Authors: Li Xin , Mei Fang , Xiao Wu-Cai , Zhang Fan , Zhang Shanghang , Fu Peng , Chen Jing , Shan Rui , Sun Bang-Kai , Song Shi-Bing , Yuan Chunhui , Liu Zheng 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundDifferentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has been increasingly common in women of reproductive age. However, the evidence remains mixed regarding the association of DTC with adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women previously diagnosed with DTC.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study in the Peking University Third Hospital in Beijing, China between January 2012 and December 2022. We included singleton-pregnancy women with a pre-pregnancy DTC managed by surgical treatment (after-surgery DTC) or active surveillance (under-surveillance DTC). To reduce the confounding effects, we adopted a propensity score to match the after-surgery and under-surveillance DTC groups with the non-DTC group, respectively, on age, parity, gravidity, pre-pregnancy weight, height, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. We used conditional logistics regressions, separately for the after-surgery and under-surveillance DTC groups, to estimate the adjusted associations of DTC with both the composite of adverse pregnancy outcomes and the specific mother-, neonate-, and placenta-related pregnancy outcomes.ResultsAfter the propensity-score matching, the DTC and non-DTC groups were comparable in the measured confounders. In the after-surgery DTC group (n = 204), the risk of the composite or specific adverse pregnancy outcomes was not significantly different from that of the matched, non-DTC groups (n = 816; P &gt; 0.05), and the results showed no evidence of difference across different maternal thyroid dysfunctions, gestational thyrotropin levels, and other pre-specified subgroup variables. We observed broadly similar results in the under-surveillance DTC group (n = 37), except that the risk of preterm birth, preeclampsia, and delivering the low-birth-weight births was higher than that of the matched, non-DTC group [n = 148; OR (95% CI): 4.79 (1.31, 17.59); 4.00 (1.16, 13.82); 6.67 (1.59, 27.90)].ConclusionsDTC was not associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women previously treated for DTC. However, more evidence is urgently needed for pregnant women with under-surveillance DTC, which finding will be clinically significant in individualizing prenatal care.
Exploring the psychopathological profile of fibromyalgia: insights from the personality assessment inventory and its association with disease impact
Authors: Doreste Andrea , Pujol Jesus , Penelo Eva , Pérez Víctor , Blanco-Hinojo Laura , Martínez-Vilavella Gerard , Pardina-Torner Helena , Ojeda Fabiola , Monfort Jordi , Deus Joan 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundFibromyalgia (FM) is a complex rheumatic disorder characterized by chronic nociplastic pain and central sensitization. Psychopathological conditions can influence FM symptoms, which worsen their condition. However, not all patients with FM have psychopathological disorders, indicating a heterogeneous population.ObjectiveTo investigate the psychopathological profile and personality disorders in patients with FM and its relationship impact on this disease.MethodsAn observational and cross-sectional comparative study was conducted with a sample of 90 women, mean age 48.7 years (SD = 8.12), from Hospital del Mar, Barcelona. The Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) were used for assessment.ResultsFM patients predominantly exhibited psychopathological profiles resembling affective disorders (37.7%) and Cluster C personality disorders (58.8%). The severity of FM’s impact was related to affective disorder symptoms, hypervigilance, derealization, somatization, and Cluster B personality disorder (emotional instability). Different rheumatic symptoms correlated with specific psychopathological patterns. Increased somatic symptoms on the FIQ were related to an unstable and dependent personality, while heightened emotional symptoms on the FIQ were associated with avoidance, borderline traits, and passive-aggressive reactions.ConclusionRecognizing psychopathological aspects is crucial for managing FM. The PAI is a valuable tool for establishing its psychopathological multidimensional profile, which predominantly shows an affective spectrum conditions and comorbid Cluster C personality disorder, exacerbating the disease’s impact.
Depression in youths with early life adversity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Zengyan , Cao Yunhua , Shang Tinghuizi , Li Ping 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundGlobally, early-life adversity (ELA) is linked to an increased risk of developing depression in adulthood; however, only a few studies have examined the specific effects of various types of ELA on depression in children and adolescents. This meta-analysis explores the association between the subtypes of ELA and the risk for youth-onset depression.MethodsWe searched three electronic databases for reporting types of ELA, namely, emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, physical neglect, family conflict/violence, divorce, low socioeconomic status, and left-behind experience, associated with depression before the age of 18 years. Our meta-analysis utilized the odds ratio (OR) and relied on a random effects model. Large heterogeneous effects were detected. Some factors moderated the association between ELA and depression in youths. The homogeneity of variance test and meta-regression analysis were used to detect these relationships.ResultsA total of 87 studies with 213,006 participants were ultimately identified via several strategies in this meta-analysis. Individuals who experienced ELA were more likely to develop depression before the age of 18 years old than those without a history of ELA (OR=2.14; 95% CI [1.93, 2.37]). The results of the subgroup analysis revealed a strong association between ELA and depression in youth, both in terms of specific types and dimensions. Specifically, emotional abuse (OR = 4.25, 95% CI [3.04, 5.94]) was more strongly related to depression in children and adolescents than other forms of ELA were. For both dimensions, threat (OR = 2.60, 95% CI [2.23, 3.02]) was more closely related to depression than deprivation was (OR = 1.76, 95% CI [1.55, 1.99]).ConclusionThis meta-analysis revealed that the adverse effects of a broader consideration of ELA on the risk of youth-onset depression vary according to the subtypes of ELA.Systematic review registationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023405803, identifier 42023405803.
Optimal dose and type of exercise to improve cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of RCTs
Authors: Yu Yingying , Wang Junjie , Xu Jian 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundMild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents a prodromal stage of dementia, characterized by cognitive decline exceeding that expected with normal aging. Exercise interventions have emerged as a promising approach to counter functional decline and enhance cognitive function in the elderly MCI population. However, the optimal exercise modalities and dosage (dose-response relationship) are understudied.ObjectiveIt aims to determine the most effective exercise modality for MCI patients by optimizing the dose-response relationship to ensure sufficient intensity to induce positive neurological adaptations.MethodsA systematic search of electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted from inception to April 15, 2024. Studies evaluating the efficacy of exercise interventions in MCI participants were included. Primary outcomes of interest are global cognition and executive function. Random-effects models will be utilized for both pairwise and network meta-analysis.ResultsFollowing the application of specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 42 articles, encompassing 2832 participants, were chosen for inclusion in a network meta-analysis. The findings revealed that multi-component exercise demonstrated superior efficacy in mitigating the deterioration of global cognition, as evidenced by standard mean differences (SMDs) of 1.09 (95% CI: 0.68 to 1.51) compared to passive controls. Additionally, multi-component exercise exhibited a significant impact on executive function, with SMDs of 2.50 (95% CI: 0.88 to 4.12) when contrasted with passive controls. Our research has demonstrated that sessions lasting 30 minutes, occurring 3-4 times per week, with interventions lasting 12-24 weeks and an intensity of 60-85% of maximum heart rate, yield higher effect sizes in improving global cognition. However, sessions lasting 30-61 minutes, with interventions lasting 25 weeks or longer, show greater effectiveness in enhancing executive function.ConclusionA network meta-analysis identified multi-component exercise as the most effective intervention for improving global cognitive and executive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Notably, moderate-intensity exercise performed at least three times weekly appears beneficial, with evidence suggesting shorter sessions and higher frequencies may optimize cognitive outcomes.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42024534922.
Dietary knowledge, attitude, practice, and associated factors among pregnant mothers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bayked Ewunetie Mekashaw , Yimer Ebrahim M. , Gelaw Tiruset , Mohammed Abdu Seid , Mekonen Nigusie Abebaw 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundDespite global efforts, progress in reducing maternal malnutrition falls short of international goals, which is the same for Ethiopia, provided that studying dietary knowledge, attitude, and practice and their determinants is crucial to developing and implementing effective interventions, which this review tried to investigate in an Ethiopian context.MethodsWe searched on Scopus, HINARI, PubMed, and Google Scholar on January 3, 2024. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI’s) tools and the “preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement” to evaluate bias and frame the review, respectively. The data were analyzed using Stata 17. Certainty was assessed using sensitivity and subgroup analyses and the Luis Furuya-Kanamori (LFK) index. The random effects model was used to determine the effect estimates with a p value less than 0.05 and a 95% CI.ResultsThe pooled good dietary knowledge, favorable attitude, and good practice were 48.0% (95% CI: 39.0–57.0%), 47.0% (95% CI: 38.0–55.0%), and 34.0% (95% CI: 28.0–40.0%), respectively. Knowledge and attitude had bidirectional relationships and were affected by sociodemographic variables and gynecological issues. The dietary practice was influenced by urban residency (OR = 6.68, 95% CI: 2.49–10.87), food security (OR = 3.51, 95% CI: 1.02–5.99), knowledge (OR = 4.53, 95% CI: 3.22–5.74), nutrition information (OR = 3.07, 95% CI: 1.13–5.02), attitude (OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.34–3.30), family support (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.43–2.85), perceived severity of malnutrition (OR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.82–2.31), and positive perception of dietary benefit (OR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.56–2.82).ConclusionThe good dietary practice was lower than the knowledge and the favorable attitude toward it. It was influenced by sociodemographic variables, income and wealth, knowledge and information, attitudes and intentions, gynecological and illness experiences, family support and decision-making, and expectations of nutrition outcomes and habits. Sociodemographic and gynecological issues were also found to influence both dietary knowledge and attitude, which were also found to have bidirectional relationships.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO identifier: CRD42023440688.
Exploring the inflammatory profile of homelessness population: a comprehensive analysis of individuals in two temporary shelters in Lisbon
Authors: Gomes Ana T. P. C. , Mendes Karina , Ferrito Cândida , Andrade Filipa , Neves-Amado João , Resende Ana , Santos Paulo , Manso Dina , Almeida António , Vollrath Antónia , Lopes Rafaela , Barros Marlene , Rosa Nuno , Figueiredo Amélia Simões 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundHomeless people are continuously facing adverse living conditions as poor access to basic nutrition, hygiene conditions and healthcare services, being at increased risk of severe infectious diseases as HIV and hepatitis as well as cardiovascular diseases and mental disorders. The characterization of homeless people’s health is fundamental to identify their health care needs. Considering that the aforementioned diseases are associated with chronic inflammatory processes, the main goal of this study was to characterize the inflammatory profile of a homeless population through quantification in saliva of a panel of inflammatory cytokines.MethodsThe inflammatory profile was assessed in 114 individuals residing in two temporary shelters located in Lisbon and that accepted to participated in the study. Inflammatory proteins were quantified using a Multiplex Immunoassay approach. Data analysis was performed using the GraphPad Prism software and statistical significance among the groups was assessed using the nonparametric Mann–Whitney test.ResultsEven though some protein levels might be masked by drug treatment, data analysis showed high levels of INF-ϒ, IL-10 and TNF-α in the infectious disease group, critical cytokines for the immune response against viruses and bacteria. Also, cytokines like IL-1β and IL-6 were detected at statistically significant levels in the cardiovascular disease group and all cytokines included in this study were quantified in the mental disorders group.ConclusionThese findings may help the healthcare services in the evaluation of treatment efficacy and disease monitoring, and in the development of effective public healthcare strategies and policy interventions to improve quality of life of the homeless population.
Assessing the efficiency of China’s national fitness public services: a super-efficiency DEA-Malmquist–Tobit approach
Authors: Gao Xueting , Cao Li , Gu Qian 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionAs the Chinese government places an increasing emphasis on public fitness services, there has been a concomitant growth in public demand for greater fiscal expenditure in this area. However, in light of the constrained growth in government financial resources, it is of paramount importance to allocate these resources in a rational manner in order to effectively address the public’s fitness and health needs. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of public expenditure on national fitness services across China, thereby providing valuable insights for policymakers to optimize resource allocation and improve service efficiency.MethodsThe study employs a super-efficiency Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model, in conjunction with the Malmquist Index and Tobit regression model, to assess the efficiency of fiscal spending on fitness services in 31 Chinese provinces from 2017 to 2020. The analysis employs both static and dynamic approaches to present an objective view of the development of public fitness service levels across different regions and to empirically identify the key factors influencing fiscal spending efficiency.ResultsThe findings indicate substantial regional variations in the efficiency of fiscal expenditure on public fitness services. While some provinces demonstrate high efficiency in the use of public funds, others exhibit notable inefficiencies, particularly in areas with lower levels of economic development and population density. The findings underscore the existence of redundant expenditure and the varying effectiveness of resource utilization across provinces.DiscussionThe study recommends that future strategies prioritize the scientific planning of fiscal inputs into public fitness services, the precise optimization of expenditure structures, the exploration of collaborative supply mechanisms, the expansion of demand-driven feedback channels, the integration of technological innovations, and the acceleration of digitalization in public fitness services.
The impact of vaccine hesitancy on psychological impairment among healthcare workers in a Total Worker Health© approach
Authors: Di Prinzio Reparata Rosa , Ceresi Bianca , Arnesano Gabriele , Dosi Alessia , Maimone Mariarita , Vacca Maria Eugenia , Vinci Maria Rosaria , Camisa Vincenzo , Santoro Annapaola , Raponi Massimiliano , Tomao Paola , Vonesch Nicoletta , Moscato Umberto , Zaffina Salvatore , Dalmasso Guendalina 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionVaccination practice is a well-known individual protective measure for biological risk in healthcare. During the COVID-19 pandemic vaccine hesitancy has grown among healthcare workers (HCWs). The study aims to investigate how vaccine hesitancy influences the psychological burden experienced by healthcare workers.MethodsThis study aimed to explore attitudes of HCWs in acceptance or refusal of vaccinations related to the risk of psychological impairment (PI) and describe the associated occupational factors, during the seasonal flu/COVID-19 vaccination campaign of 2022–2023. 302 HCWs were enrolled in the study. A questionnaire was self-administered, including two scales on the risk of psychological impairment (Psychological Injury Risk Indicator, PIRI) and vaccine hesitancy (Adult Vaccine Hesitancy Scale, AVHS).ResultsPIRI scores revealed that 29.8% of participants were at risk of PI. Differences in sex, age, occupational seniority, professional category, and night shifts were found between HCWs at risk of PI and those not at risk. Females registered a four-fold higher risk than males (85.6% vs. 14.4%, χ2 = 4.450, p &lt; 0.05). Nurses were the highest risk category, followed by physicians and technicians (54.4% vs. 30.0% vs. 12.2%, χ2 = 14.463, p &lt; 0.001). 41.7% of participants received the flu vaccination, and 98.9% received the COVID-19 vaccine. HCWs were prone to being vaccinated to protect patients and family members. Conversely, vaccine refusal was attributed to the perception of flu vaccines as not beneficial and COVID-19 contagion at low risk. The latter was more frequently reported for HCWs at risk of PI (16.7% vs. 4.7%, χ2 = 11.882, p = 0.001). Finally, hesitant HCWs were at higher risk of psychological impairment than others.DiscussionHCWs expressed vaccine acceptance considering their social role in the community as protectors. However, the underestimation of the risk of severity of COVID-19 was more relevant among HCWs at risk of PI than others. Psychological aspects need to be considered by healthcare providers when fighting vaccine hesitancy.