bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: N‐OXIDES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS. XLVI. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PYRIDINE 1‐NITROIMIDES AND COMPARISON WITH QUANTUM CHEMICAL PREDICTIONS
Authors: ARRIAU J. , DARGELOS A. , EPSZTAJN J. , KATRITZKY A. R. , LUNT E. , MITCHELL J. W. , RIZVI S. Q. A. , ROCH G. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractEine Reihe chemischer und physikalischer Untersuchungen werden beschrieben: UV‐Spektrum von Pyridin‐1‐nitroimid (Ia) in neutraler und protonierter Fonn; Protonierung (pK‐Werte) der Verbindungen (Ia) und (Ib) (R: 2‐Me) sowie von Vergleichsverbindungen; Reaktionen von (Ia) mit PCl3 bzw. AC2 O zu Pyridin; Fehlversuche zur Alkylierung, Nitrierung, Bromierung und Mercurierung von (Ia); basenkatalysierter H‐/D‐Austausch der Verbindungen (Ia‐d); bei H‐/D‐Austausch mit NaOD bei (Ia) eintretende Ringöffnung zu Glutaconaldehyd‐Derivaten; Massenspektren von (Ia‐d).
ChemInform Abstract: METHOTREXATE ANALOGS. 7. SYNTHESIS OF TWO HIGHER HOMOLOGS AND A POSITIONAL ISOMER OF METHOTREXATE DIETHYL ESTER AS POTENTIAL ANTITUMOR AGENTS
Authors: ROSOWSKY A. , CHEN K. K. N. , PAPATHANASOPOULOS N. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAus dem tosylierten p‐Methylaminobenzoesäurechlorid (I) entstehen mit den Aminocarbonsäureestern (II) die Amide (III), die nach Eliminierung des Tosylrestes zu (IV) mit dem Chlormethylpyrazin‐N‐oxid (V) zu (VI) kondensieren.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES IN HETEROCYCLICS. VI. SYNTHESIS OF THIAZOLOBENZOTRIAZEPINES
Authors: MAHAJAN M. P. , SONDHI S. M. , RALHAN N. K. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Thiazoline (I) lassen sich durch Erhitzen mit den Säuren (II) in Acetanhydrid je nach dem Molverhältnis einfach an der Aminogruppe oder doppelt an der Amino‐ und der Iminogruppe [zu den Verbindungen (III)] acylieren.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON 1‐AZABICYCLO COMPOUNDS. XXVII. SYNTHESIS OF TEN‐MEMBERED RING AMINES FROM 1‐OXO‐, 9A‐BENZYL‐, AND 9A‐BENZYL‐1‐OXOQUINOLIZIDINE
Authors: ARATA Y. , YASUDA SH. , TOKUNO K. , HANAOKA M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Umsetzung der Chinolizidiniumsalze (I) und des aus (Ib) durch Stevens‐Umlagerung und Quaternisierung hergestellten Salzes (IV) mit Natriumamalgam führt zu den zehngliedrigen Aminoketonen (II) und (V).
ChemInform Abstract: ALKOXYCYCLOTRIPHOSPHAZENES AND THEIR REACTION PRODUCTS
Authors: VOLODIN A. A. , ZELENETSKII S. N. , ZIMNUKHOV YU. A. , KIREEV V. V. , KORSHAK V. V. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBehandelt man Hexachlor‐cyclotriphosphazen in Tetrahydrofuran mit Alkoholaten, so erhält man Alkoxy‐ cyclotriphosphazene (I), die man chromatographisch reinigen kann.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES OF IRON(II) COMPLEXES WITH SEVERAL SCHIFF BASES‐ NEW EXAMPLES OF 5T2‐1A1 EQUILIBRIUM
Authors: MAEDA Y. , TAKASHIMA Y. , NISHIDA Y. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDurch Mischen der Fe(II)‐salze und der aus den Carbaldehyden und entsprechenden Aminen erhaltenen Schiffschen Basen in Äthanol werden die Komplexe (I)‐(IV) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐COPPER(DIMETHYLAMINOMETHYL)FERROCENE IN THE SYNTHESIS OF MONOSUBSTITUTED DIFERROCENYLS
Authors: NESMEYANOV A. N. , SEDOVA N. N. , VOLGIN YU. V. , SAZONOVA V. A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDas 2‐Cupro‐dimethylaminomethyl‐ferrocen (III) erhält man aus 2‐Lithio‐dimethylaminomethylferrocen (I) und der Komplexverbindung Dimethylaminomethyl‐ferrocen/Kupfer (I)‐jodid (II).
ChemInform Abstract: CIRCULAR DICHROISM OF NICKEL(II) AND COPPER(II) COMPLEXES WITH OPTICALLY ACTIVE DIAMINES CONTAINING A PYRROLIDINYL GROUP
Authors: MURAKAMI T. , KITAGAWA S. , HATANO M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDurch Umsetzung der Metallperchlorate bzw. Nitrate mit den eine (S)‐Pyrrolidinylgruppe enthaltenen Diaminen im Verhältnis l 23 bzw. 1 z2 werden die Komplexe (I) und (II) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF DIHYDRIDOTETRAKIS(TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE)RUTHENIUM(II) WITH OLEFINS AND ISOLATION OF NEW RUTHENIUM‐OLEFIN COMPLEXES
Authors: KOMIYA S. , YAMAMOTO A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDer Titelkomplex (I) bildet mit Äthylen, Propylen, Styrol und Butadien die Olefin‐koordinierten, thermisch labilen Ru(0)‐Komplexe (II) neben äquimolaren Mengen ihrer Hydrierungsprodukte (III) und Triphenylphosphin.
ChemInform Abstract: BINUCLEAR MIXED VALENCE RUTHENIUMAMMINE COMPLEXES WITH TERT‐BUTYLMALONONITRILE AS BRIDGING LIGAND
Authors: KRENTZIEN H. , TAUBE H. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDurch Zugabe einer stöchiometrischen Menge von tert.‐Butylmalononitril zu einer entlüfteten Lösung von Monoaquopentamminruthenium(III) und anschließende Reduktion mit Zn‐Amalgam unter Argon wurde der zweikernige Komplex (Ia) dargestellt und als Hexafluorophosphat gefällt.
ChemInform Abstract: SILYL AND GERMYL COMPLEXES OF PLATINUM AND PALLADIUM. PART 4. REACTIONS BETWEEN FOUR‐COORDINATED HALOGENOHYDRIDOBIS(TRIETHYLPHOSPHINE)PLATINUM(II) COMPLEXES AND SILYL‐AMINES OR ‐PHOSPHINES
Authors: EBSWORTH E. A. V. , EDWARD J. M. , RANKIN D. W. H. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWährend die Reaktion von Hydridojodo‐bis‐[tri‐ äthylphosphin]‐Pt(IV) mit Disilylamin (III) zu den beiden Produkten (I) und (II) führt, entsteht bei der Umsetzung mit Trisilylamin (V) ausschließlich der Disilylaminosilyl‐Komplex (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF SINENSAL
Authors: BAUMANN M. , HOFFMANN W. , POMMER H. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractFür die Sesquiterpene α‐ (Ia) und β‐Sinensal (Ib) werden verschiedene neue Synthesen beschrieben: Ausgangsverbindungen sind das aus den Verbindungen (II) und (III) erhältliche Acetal (IV) und das analog zugängliche Acetal (XIII).
ChemInform Abstract: TERPENOIDS. PART CVIII‐ SYNTHESIS OF DL‐EPIBICYCLOSESQUIPHELLANDRENE
Authors: VIG O. P. , AHUJA V. D. , SEHGAL V. K. , SHARMA S. D. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAus Menthol erhaltenes Menthon (I) wird mit Ameisensäureester/Natriumäthylat zu (II) formyliert und dann mit Methylvinylketon (III) zu (IV) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: A FACILE PREPARATION OF α‐NITROOLEFINS OF CARBOHYDRATES
Authors: TACHIMORI Y. , TAKAMOTO T. , SUDOH R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Behandlung des Nitroglucopyranosids (I) mit Methansulfonylchlorid ergibt ein Gemisch von Nitroolefin (II) und Substitutionsprodukt (III).
ChemInform Abstract: NUCLEOSIDES. CIII. ANHYDROPYRIMIDINE C‐NUCLEOSIDES. SYNTHESIS OF 4,2′‐ANHYDRO‐5‐(β‐D‐ARABINOFURANOSYL)‐ AND 5‐(β‐D‐ARABINOFURANOSYL)PYRIMIDINE C‐NUCLEOSIDES
Authors: REICHMAN U. , CHU C. K. , WEMPEN I. , WATANABE K. A. , FOX J. J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractZur Untersuchung auf Wirkung gegenüber verschiedenen Streptomyceten werden verschiedene Modifizierungsprodukte aus (I) und (V) hergestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: STRUCTURES OF TWO DIMERS FORMED FROM LOMATIN (9,10‐DIHYDRO‐9‐HYDROXY‐8,8‐DIMETHYL‐8H‐BENZO(1,2‐B‐3,4‐B′)DIPYRAN‐2‐ONE)
Authors: KAMAT V. S. , TRIVEDI G. K. , BHATTACHARYYA S. C. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBehandlung von Lomatin (Ia) mit p‐Toluolsulfonsäure gibt das Dihydrooroselon (II) als Hauptprodukt und die beiden C‐8‐Epimeren (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A STABLE ENOLATE COMPLEX FROM TETRAMETHYL‐3‐THIETANONE AND DIIRON NONACARBONYL‐ μ‐O‐μ‐S‐(2,4‐DIMETHYL‐4‐THIOLATO‐2‐PENTEN‐3‐OLATO)DIIRON HEXACARBONYL
Authors: CZAUDERNA B. , JOGUN K. H. , STEZOWSKI J. J. , FOEHLISCH B. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractEine 1:1 Mischung von (I) und dem Eisencarbonyl in Hexan liefert nach fraktionierter Sublimation neben dem Ausgangsprodukt (I) ein rotes kristallines Produkt, das nach mehrmaligem Umkristallisieren aus Hexan bei ‐78°C (II) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: TRIPHASE CATALYSIS. KINETICS OF CYANIDE DISPLACEMENT ON 1‐BROMOOCTANE
Authors: REGEN S. L. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractUntersucht wird die Kinetik im 3‐Phasen‐System: Cyanid (wässrige Phase) ‐ 1‐Brom‐octan (organische Phase, Toluol) ‐ Polystryrol (mit quaternären Ammoniumgruppen substituiert, Katalysatorphase).
ChemInform Abstract: GAS‐PHASE DECOMPOSITIONS OF 1,1‐DIMETHOXYETHANE AND 1,1‐DIETHOXYETHANE CATALYZED BY HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
Authors: DRAEGER M. , FAILES R. L. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie durch HCl katalysierte Reaktion der Titelverbindungen (Ia) und (Ib) im Bereich von 254‐322°C bzw. 225‐285°C führt zu den Vinyl‐ äthern (II) und den Alkoholen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESES WITH AROMATIC NITRAMINES. III. KINETICS OF THE ACID‐CATALYZED REARRANGEMENT OF NITRAMINOPYRIDINES
Authors: KOCOCINSKA H. , THOMAS A. , THOMASIK P. , ZALEWSKI R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractEs wird die Umlagerung des Nitraminopyridins (I) in 66‐93%iger Schwefelsäure oder 53‐72%iger Perchlorsäure in die Nitroaminopyridine (II) und (III) untersucht, wobei das Isomerenverhältnis nur wenig vomLösungsmittel abhängt.
ChemInform Abstract: METAL CATALYSIS IN ORGANIC REACTIONS. PART II. PRODUCTS AND STEREOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF THE ISOMERIZATION OF HEPTENES BY THE TRI‐ISOBUTYLALUMINUM‐BIS‐N‐METHYLSALICYLIDENEAMINENICKEL SYSTEM
Authors: GIACOMELLI G. , MENICAGLI R. , LARDICCI L. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Isomerisierungsfähigkeit von C‐,‐Olefinen an dem Titel‐Komplexsystem (A1: Ni = 50: 1) hängt von ihrer Struktur ab.
ChemInform Abstract: ′REVERSED′ REGIOSELECTIVITY IN THE REDUCTION OF EPOXIDES WITH LITHIUM 9,9‐DI‐N‐BUTYL‐9‐BORABICYCLO(3.3.1)NONANATE
Authors: YAMAMOTO Y. , TOI H. , SONODA A. , MURAHASHI S.‐I. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Epoxide (II) werden durch das Lithiumboranat (I) zu den Alkoholen (III) und (IV) reduziert, wobei im Fall der aromatischen Epoxide (IIa) und (IIb) die Alkohole (IVa) und (IVb) 99 bzw. 83% des Reaktionsgemisches ausmachen.
ChemInform Abstract: ESTERIFICATION OF ALLYLIC ALCOHOLS WITH BENZOIC ACID IN THE PRESENCE OF DIETHYL AZODICARBOXYLATE AND TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE
Authors: GRYNKIEWICZ G. , BURZYNSKA H. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWie an 8 Allylalkoholen, so dem 2‐Methoxy‐5‐hydroxy‐dihydropyran (Ia), seinem 2‐Epimeren, dem 2‐Benzyloxyme‐ thyl‐Derivat (Ib), dem 2,6‐Di‐[benzyloxymethyl]‐Derivat (Ic) und dessen 2‐Epimeren, gezeigt wird, erfolgt die bekannte Veresterung bei hoher Ausbeute, vollständiger Inversion und ohne Allylumlagerung zu den Benzoaten wie (II).
ChemInform Abstract: EXCLUSIVE SYN‐AXIAL ALKYLATION OF O‐METHYL OXIMES RESULTING FROM AN ORBITAL SYMMETRY EFFECT
Authors: FRASER R. F. , DHAWAN K. L. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDurch Lithiierung des O‐Methyl‐oxims (I) mit Lithiumdiisopropyamid bei ‐78°C in Tetrahydrofuran in Gegenwart von Hexamethylphosphorsäuretriamid und anschließende Methylierung erhält man in stereoselektiver Weise das Methylderivat (II), das beim Erhitzen in Hexachlorbutadien zu den Isomeren (III) und (IV) führt.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,4,6‐TRI‐ISOPROPYLBENZENESULFONYL HYDRAZIDE‐ A CONVENIENT SOURCE OF DI‐IMIDE
Authors: CUSACK N. J. , REESE C. B. , RISIUS A. C. , ROOZPEIKAR B. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDas Sulfonylhydrazid (Ia), das aus dem entsprechenden Sulfonylchlorid und Hydrazinhydrat bei ‐10°C dargestellt wird (Ausbeute 96%), zerfällt in [D4]‐Methanol bei 35°C und in Gegenwart von Triäthylamin in das Diimin (II) und Arensulfinat mit einer um das 380fache größeren Geschwindigkeit als das Hydrazid (Ib).
ChemInform Abstract: EXPERIMENTS TOWARDS THE SYNTHESIS OF CORRINS. PART XIII. A NEW SYNTHESIS OF 2‐CYANO‐Δ1‐PYRROLINE 1‐OXIDES AND THEIR BEHAVIOR TOWARDS A GRIGNARD REAGENT
Authors: BLACK D. ST. C. , CLARK V. M. , THAKUR R. S. , TODD L. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie 2‐Alkyl‐pyrrolinoxide (I) werden zu den Oximen (II) nitrosiert, von denen (IIa) bzw. (IIb) bei saurer Hydrolyse in die Pyridonoxide (IIIa) bzw. (IIIb) übergehen.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 7‐BENZYL‐3‐OXO‐7H,1,2,3,4,5,6‐HEXAHYDROPYRROLO(2,3‐C)PYRIDAZINE
Authors: YAKHONTOV L. N. , URITSKAYA M. YA. , GLUSHKOV R. G. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDas aus β‐Benzylaminopropionsäure und Diäthyloxalat gewonnene Pyrrolidindion (I) wird nach Reduktion und Umwandlung ins Chlorid mit Malonester kondensiert und nach Hydrolyse schließlich in den Ester (III) umgewandelt.
ChemInform Abstract: PROTONATION OF RHODIUM‐OLEFIN COMPLEXES
Authors: SEIWELL L. P. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie untersuchten Rh‐Olefin‐Komplexe (I) wurden überwiegend durch Reaktion des Cyclopentadienyl‐diäthylen‐Komplexes mit substituierten Äthylenen dargestellt.
Solids velocity fluctuations in concentrated slurries
Authors: Hashemi Seyed A. , Spelay Ryan B. , Adane Kofi F. K. , Sean Sanders R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractExperiments were performed in a 265 mm diameter pipe loop with sand‐in‐water slurries (d50 = 0.371 mm). In situ solids volumetric concentrations ranging from 20–40 % by volume (0.20–0.45 L/L) and mixture velocities up to 6 m/s were tested. Measurements of the instantaneous and average solids velocity and turbulent intensity profiles across the centreline diameter of the pipe were obtained using a particle velocity probe. A CFD package, ANSYS CFX 14, was used to perform numerical simulations. Solids turbulent intensities were found to be greater near the bottom of the pipe where solids concentrations are typically higher and significant particle‐pipe wall interactions occur. The agreement between the numerical results and the experimental data was found to be concentration dependent, with relatively closer agreement at lower concentrations.
Effect of pipe inclination on the deposition velocity of settling slurries
Authors: Spelay Ryan B. , Gillies Randall G. , Hashemi Seyed A. , Sanders R. Sean 
Published: March 2016

AbstractExperiments were conducted using a 100 mm diameter pipe loop to investigate the deposition velocity (Vc) of settling slurries in inclined pipe flows up to 20° (36.4  %). Slurries which comprised silica sand or gravel (0.1–8 mm) and water were tested at solids concentrations between 6–40  % by volume (0.06–0.4 L/L). For the fine (d ∼0.1 mm) and intermediate solids (d ∼0.19 mm, 0.3 mm), increases in Vc with pipe inclination were marginal. For the coarsest solids (2 and 8 mm gravel), the deposition velocity increased significantly with pipe inclination. A comparison is made with the results of Wilson and Tse. The effect of inclination is correlated with the efficiency of turbulent suspension of the particles.
Copper‐Catalyzed Redox‐Triggered Remote CH Functionalization: Highly Selective Formation of CCF3 and CO Bonds
Authors: Li Taotao , Yu Peng , Lin Jin‐Shun , Zhi Yonggang , Liu Xin‐Yuan 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA Cu‐catalyzed remote sp3 CH/unactivated alkenes functionalization reaction for the concomitant construction of CCF3 and CO bonds was described. An 1,5‐H radical transfer involving an sp3 CH bond adjacent to a nitrogen atom and an α‐CF3‐alkyl radical intermediate derived from unactivated alkenes was observed and demonstrated to proceed via the radical process.
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Acute Coronary Syndrome and Myocardial Infarction Within the United States: From Demographics to Outcomes
Authors: Graham Garth 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTIn the United States, different races, ethnicities, and their subgroups experience disparities regarding acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and myocardial infarction (MI). This review highlights these differences across 4 stages that comprise the ACS/MI narrative: (1) patient demographics, (2) patient comorbidities and health risks, (3) treatments and their delays, and (4) outcomes. Overall, black and Hispanic ACS/MI patients are more likely to present with comorbidities, experience longer delays before treatment, and suffer worse outcomes when compared with non‐Hispanic white patients. More specifically, across the studies analyzed, black and Hispanic ACS/MI patients were consistently more likely to be younger or female, or to have hypertension or diabetes, than non‐Hispanic white patients. ACS/MI disparities also exist among Asian populations, and these are briefly outlined. However, black, Hispanic, and non‐Hispanic white ACS/MI patients were the 3 most‐studied racial and ethnic groups, indicating that additional studies of other minority groups, such as Native Americans, Asian populations, and black and Hispanic subgroups, are needed for their utility in reducing disparities. Despite notable improvement in ACS/MI treatment quality measures over recent decades, disparities persist. Causes are complex and extend beyond the healthcare system to culture and patients' personal characteristics; sophisticated solutions will be required. Continued research has the potential to further reduce or eliminate disparities in the comorbidities, delays, and treatments surrounding ACS and MI, extending healthy lifespans of many underserved and minority populations, while reducing healthcare costs.
Differentiability of the Arrival Time
Authors: Colding Tobias Holck , Minicozzi William P. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractFor a monotonically advancing front, the arrival time is the time when the front reaches a given point. We show that it is twice differentiable everywhere with uniformly bounded second derivative. It is smooth away from the critical points where the equation is degenerate. We also show that the critical set has finite codimensional 2 Hausdorff measure. For a monotonically advancing front, the arrival time is equivalent to the level set method, a~priori not even differentiable but only satisfying the equation in the viscosity sense . Using that it is twice differentiable and that we can identify the Hessian at critical points, we show that it satisfies the equation in the classical sense. The arrival time has a game theoretic interpretation. For the linear heat equation, there is a game theoretic interpretation that relates to Black‐Scholes option pricing. From variations of the Sard and Łojasiewicz theorems, we relate differentiability to whether singularities all occur at only finitely many times for flows.© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Age differences in conditioned place preferences and taste aversions to nicotine
Authors: Dannenhoffer Carol A. , Spear Linda P. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTAdolescents and adults differ in their behavioral sensitivities to drugs of abuse, including nicotine. Studies have shown that both rewarding and aversive properties of drugs of abuse can exist concomitantly. The present study investigated the ontogeny of these opposing qualities across a range of doses using a combined conditioned taste aversion and place preference paradigm in pair‐housed rats that were not deprived of food or water. Results indicated that adolescents were more sensitive to the rewarding properties of nicotine than adults. In contrast, although all doses produced a taste aversion at both ages in the same rats, the aversion was weaker at lower than high doses in adolescents whereas adults showed strong aversion at all doses, suggesting modest attenuation in nicotine's aversive properties among adolescents relative to adults. Thus, attenuated aversive and accented appetitive sensitivities of adolescents to nicotine can be experienced simultaneously in the same animals. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 58: 660–666, 2016.
Mapping neurogenesis onset in the optic tectum of Xenopus laevis
Authors: Herrgen Leah , Akerman Colin J. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTNeural progenitor cells have a central role in the development and evolution of the vertebrate brain. During early brain development, neural progenitors first expand their numbers through repeated proliferative divisions and then begin to exhibit neurogenic divisions. The transparent and experimentally accessible optic tectum of Xenopus laevis is an excellent model system for the study of the cell biology of neurogenesis, but the precise spatial and temporal relationship between proliferative and neurogenic progenitors has not been explored in this system. Here we construct a spatial map of proliferative and neurogenic divisions through lineage tracing of individual progenitors and their progeny. We find a clear spatial separation of proliferative and neurogenic progenitors along the anterior‐posterior axis of the optic tectum, with proliferative progenitors located more posteriorly and neurogenic progenitors located more anteriorly. Since individual progenitors are repositioned toward more anterior locations as they mature, this spatial separation likely reflects an increasing restriction in the proliferative potential of individual progenitors. We then examined whether the transition from proliferative to neurogenic behavior correlates with cellular properties that have previously been implicated in regulating neurogenesis onset. Our data reveal that the transition from proliferation to neurogenesis is associated with a small change in cleavage plane orientation and a more pronounced change in cell cycle kinetics in a manner reminiscent of observations from mammalian systems. Our findings highlight the potential to use the optic tectum of Xenopus laevis as an accessible system for the study of the cell biology of neurogenesis. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 76: 1328–1341, 2016
Randomized pilot trial comparing tolvaptan with furosemide on renal and neurohumoral effects in acute heart failure
Authors: Jujo Kentaro , Saito Katsumi , Ishida Issei , Furuki Yuho , Kim Ahsung , Suzuki Yuki , Sekiguchi Haruki , Yamaguchi Junichi , Ogawa Hiroshi , Hagiwara Nobuhisa 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAimsLoop diuretics are first‐line medications for congestive heart failure (CHF); however, they are associated with serious adverse effects, including decreased renal function, and sympathetic nervous and renin–angiotensin system activation. We tested whether tolvaptan, a vasopressin V2‐receptor antagonist, could reduce unfavourable furosemide‐induced effects during CHF treatment.Methods and resultsSixty patients emergently hospitalized owing to CHF‐induced dyspnea were randomly assigned to receive either 40 mg intravenous furosemide daily or 7.5 mg oral tolvaptan for 5 days after admission. Both groups also received intravenous carperitide and canrenoate potassium. As results, baseline patient characteristics were similar between the furosemide (n = 30) and the tolvaptan (n = 30) groups, with no significant difference in 5 day urine volume or fluid balance. Brain natriuretic peptide and body weight improvements were similar between groups. However, serum creatinine (Cr) level did not increase, and the incidence of worsening renal function was significantly lower in the tolvaptan group. Consequently, the Cr increase to gain 1000 mL urine was 2.5‐fold lower in the tolvaptan group. Furthermore, the blood urea nitrogen (BUN)/Cr ratio significantly decreased in the tolvaptan group, suggesting that renal perfusion was preserved, and urea reuptake and passive water reabsorption were suppressed following tolvaptan treatment. Although catecholamine improvements after treatment were not significantly different, plasma renin activity was enhanced in the furosemide group.ConclusionsAs compared with furosemide, tolvaptan in patients with acute heart failure is associated with comparable decongestion, better preservation of renal function and less activation of renin–angiotensin system. (UMIN 000014134).
Exposing the Excited‐State Equilibrium in an IrIII Bichromophore: A Combined Time Resolved Spectroscopy and Computational Study
Authors: Yarnell James E. , McCusker Catherine E. , Leeds Alexander J. , Breaux Josué M. , Castellano Felix N. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe electronic structure and photophysical properties of a luminescent IrIII bis‐cyclometalated complex covalently attached to one 4‐piperidinyl‐1,8‐naphthalimide (PNI) chromophore through a coordinated 1,10‐phenanthroline, [Ir(ppy)2(phen‐PNI)](PF6), is presented. This bichromophore represents a new class of visible light‐harvesting IrIII complexes that exhibit markedly enhanced room‐temperature excited‐state lifetimes (τ = 8.8 ms) as a result of intervening ligand‐centered triplet states present on the pendant naphthalimide chromophore. In this IrIII complex, the intense singlet fluorescence of the pendant PNI chromophore is nearly quantitatively quenched and was found to sensitize the IrIII metal/ligand‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer (MLLCT) excited state. The excited state ultimately returns to the PNI chromophore as a long‐lived excited triplet that disposes of its energy by equilibrating with the photoluminescent IrIII MLLCT excited state. Evidence of the excited‐state equilibrium is provided through static and dynamic photoluminescence spectroscopy, transient absorption spectroscopy, and time‐dependent density functional theory calculations.