bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intermittent Preventive Therapy in Pregnancy and Incidence of Low Birth Weight in Malaria-Endemic Countries
Authors: Cates Jordan E. , Westreich Daniel , Unger Holger W. , Bauserman Melissa , Adair Linda , Cole Stephen R. , Meshnick Steven , Rogerson Stephen J. ,   for the Maternal Malaria and Malnutrition (M3) Initiative
Published: January 2018

Objectives. To estimate the impact of hypothetical antimalarial and nutritional interventions (which reduce the prevalence of low midupper arm circumference [MUAC]) on the incidence of low birth weight (LBW). Methods. We analyzed data from 14 633 pregnancies from 13 studies conducted across Africa and the Western Pacific from 1996 to 2015. We calculated population intervention effects for increasing intermittent preventive therapy in pregnancy (IPTp), full coverage with bed nets, reduction in malaria infection at delivery, and reductions in the prevalence of low MUAC. Results. We estimated that, compared with observed IPTp use, administering 3 or more doses of IPTp to all women would decrease the incidence of LBW from 9.9% to 6.9% (risk difference = 3.0%; 95% confidence interval = 1.7%, 4.0%). The intervention effects for eliminating malaria at delivery, increasing bed net ownership, and decreasing low MUAC prevalence were all modest. Conclusions. Increasing IPTp uptake to at least 3 doses could decrease the incidence of LBW in malaria-endemic countries. The impact of IPTp on LBW was greater than the effect of prevention of malaria, consistent with a nonmalarial effect of IPTp, measurement error, or selection bias.
Low Prevalence of Hip and Knee Arthritis in Active Marathon Runners
Authors: Ponzio Danielle Y. , Syed Usman Ali M. , Purcell Kelly , Cooper Alexus M. , Maltenfort Mitchell , Shaner Julie , Chen Antonia F. 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Existing evidence on whether marathon running contributes to hip and knee arthritis is inconclusive. Our aim was to describe hip and knee health in active marathon runners, including the prevalence of pain, arthritis, and arthroplasty, and associated risk factors.

Methods:
A hip and knee health survey was distributed internationally to marathon runners. Active marathoners who completed ≥5 marathons and were currently running a minimum of 10 miles per week were included (n = 675). Questions assessed pain, personal and family history of arthritis, surgical history, running volume, personal record time, and current running status. Multivariable analyses identified risk factors for pain and arthritis. Arthritis prevalence in U.S. marathoners was compared with National Center for Health Statistics prevalence estimates for a matched group of the U.S. population.

Results:
Marathoners (n = 675) with a mean age of 48 years (range, 18 to 79 years) ran a mean distance of 36 miles weekly (range, 10 to 150 miles weekly) over a mean time of 19 years (range, 3 to 60 years) and completed a mean of 76 marathons (range, 5 to 1,016 marathons). Hip or knee pain was reported by 47%, and arthritis was reported by 8.9% of marathoners. Arthritis prevalence was 8.8% for the subgroup of U.S. marathoners, significantly lower (p < 0.001) than the prevalence in the matched U.S. population (17.9%) and in subgroups stratified by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity level (p < 0.001). Seven marathoners continued to run following hip or knee arthroplasty. Age and family and surgical history were independent risk factors for arthritis. There was no significant risk associated with running duration, intensity, mileage, or the number of marathons completed (p > 0.05).

Conclusions:
Age, family history, and surgical history independently predicted an increased risk for hip and knee arthritis in active marathoners, although there was no correlation with running history. In our cohort, the arthritis rate of active marathoners was below that of the general U.S. population. Longitudinal follow-up is needed to determine the effects of marathon running on developing future hip and knee arthritis.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Low‐Field Borehole NMR Applications in the Near‐Surface Environment
Authors: Kirkland Catherine M. , Codd Sarah L. 
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas
Low‐field borehole NMR characterizes subsurface heterogeneities from pore to macro scales.
Borehole NMR is sensitive to biogeochemical processes and conversions in the subsurface.
Development of borehole NMR benefits hydrogeology, soil management, and engineering.
The inherent heterogeneity of the near subsurface (<200 m below the ground surface) presents challenges for agricultural water management, hydrogeologic characterization, and engineering, among other fields. Borehole nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has the potential not only to describe this heterogeneity in space nondestructively but also to monitor physical and chemical changes in the subsurface with time. Nuclear magnetic resonance is sensitive to parameters of interest like porosity and permeability, saturation, fluid viscosity, and formation mineralogy. Borehole NMR tools have been used to measure soil moisture in model soils, and recent advances in low‐field borehole NMR instrumentation allow estimation of hydraulic properties of unconsolidated aquifers. We also demonstrate the potential for low‐field borehole NMR tools to monitor field‐relevant biogeochemical processes like biofilm accumulation and microbially induced calcite precipitation at laboratory and field scales. Finally, we address some remaining challenges and areas of future research, as well as other possible applications where borehole NMR could provide valuable complementary data.
Vegetation Growth Models Improve Surface Layer Flux Simulations of a Temperate Grassland
Authors: Klein Christian , Biernath Christian , Heinlein Florian , Thieme Christoph , Gilgen Anna Katarina , Zeeman Matthias , Priesack Eckart 
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas
Detailed description of plant growth dynamics improves heat flux simulations.
Harvest cannot be neglected to adequately simulate boundary layer energy fluxes.
Complex plant growth models improve flux exchanges under drought conditions.
Grassland models represent interactions of plant growth with soil and agricultural management based on underlying processes in different degrees of detail. To better understand the impact of these differences on the simulation of energy and matter exchange at the land‐surface layer, we compared the ability of five land‐surface models with different degrees of complexity to simulate energy fluxes in an intensively managed grassland in Switzerland. The aim was to evaluate the impacts of biomass growth, biomass harvest, soil profile characterization, and rooting depth on the dynamics of simulated near‐surface soil moisture contents and energy fluxes. The case study included a comparison of model results with continuous observations of latent heat, sensible heat, and net radiation for a site‐year. Energy fluxes were simulated more accurately by including a biomass growth model, encompassing the abrupt decline in leaf area caused by harvest. Site‐specific soil parametrization in combination with the absence of restrictions on rooting depth also improved the simulation results. The simulated energy fluxes of the five models differed significantly in the hot, dry month of July 2010 but were negligible under moist conditions in May. We conclude that the application of dynamic vegetation growth models improves energy flux simulations at the field scale in intensively managed grasslands during summer if biomass harvest dates and site‐specific soil profile descriptions are considered. Our results imply that regional‐scale simulations of grasslands will benefit significantly from high‐resolution input information on soil properties, land use, and management.
Quantitative Assessment of the Heterogeneity and Reproducibility of Repacked Silica Sand Columns
Authors: Xiong Yunwu , Dai Jiayu , Zhang Xueyang , Huang Guanhua , Furman Alex 
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas
We quantified heterogeneity and reproducibility of repacked sand column microstructure.
The averaged pore geometric properties were quantified using Minkowski functionals.
Spatial heterogeneity was analyzed using a mathematical morphological operation.
Column experiments are widely used for mechanism and application studies in different fields. A major challenge and an advantage of the repacked porous column are its uniformity and reproducibility. Bulk density is a commonly used parameter to evaluate the uniformity and consistency of random packing. The internal structure of pore space is usually ignored and lumped into the bulk density. However, flow and transport characteristics of the repacked porous media are not fully defined from the bulk density but also depend on the internal structure. In this paper, we quantitatively assessed the heterogeneity and reproducibility of repacked sand columns using integral geometry methodology. X‐ray computed tomography is applied to visualize the pore space of the column repacked with different silica sands. The acquired tomography images are processed and quantitatively analyzed using Minkowski measures. The Minkowski functionals combined with the granulometric density function were applied to describe the spatial heterogeneity of microstructures. The results have demonstrated that the Minkowski functionals proportional to the well‐known geometric quantities are able to characterize the average geometrical properties of complex pore space. The pore size distributions of sand column are obtained through morphological opening operation. The two‐parameter Weibull distribution has been found reasonably describe the granulometric density acquired from the morphology analysis. The Minkowski densities joint with the critical pore diameter as well as parameters of Weibull function at different locations of each column have demonstrated the heterogeneity of the sand column. The small variation in the finer sand column indicates the heterogeneity is relatively smaller than that of the coarser ones. The relatively small differences among the repetitions of finer sand columns suggest more reliable reproducibility in comparison to the coarser sand columns.
High‐Resolution Shortwave Infrared Imaging of Water Infiltration into Dry Soil
Authors: Sadeghi Morteza , Sheng Wenyi , Babaeian Ebrahim , Tuller Markus , Jones Scott B. 
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas
SWIR imaging for quantification of soil moisture dynamics is introduced.
High spatiotemporal resolution images yield accurate soil moisture profile.
Flux density profiles during water infiltration were quantified with this method.
The new technique opens potential avenues for soil hydraulic properties estimation.
A novel proximal sensing framework for high‐resolution soil water content profile retrieval under laboratory conditions has been developed. Constant‐head upward‐flow experiments were conducted for a number of soils that cover a wide textural range. The soils were packed into quartz Hele–Shaw cells, and the profile was imaged at high temporal frequency with a shortwave infrared (SWIR) camera in the 900‐ to 1700‐nm electromagnetic domain during upward infiltration of water. The SWIR reflectance recorded for each spatial pixel was converted to soil water content with a recently developed linear physical model. Because of the linearity of the model, its parameters were assumed to be identical at both the pixel and column scales, and this allowed simple self‐calibration during the experiment. The obtained water content profiles were in good agreement with soil water content data measured independently with a recently developed time domain reflectometry array with 1‐cm depth resolution. In addition, the accuracy of the soil water content profiles was verified based on the water mass balance. The high‐spatiotemporal‐resolution SWIR reflectance‐derived water content profiles allow calculation of water flux densities, which provides a potential new avenue for the rapid estimation of soil hydraulic properties and processes via inverse numerical or analytical modeling.
A new achievement in green degradation of aqueous organic pollutants under visible-light irradiation
Authors: Abdollahi Yadollah , Sabbaghi Samad , Abouzari-lotf Ebrahim , Jahangirian Hossein , Sairi Nor Asrina 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The global attention has been focused on degradation of the environmental organic pollutants through green methods such as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) under sunlight. However, AOPs have not yet been efficient in function of the photocatalyst that has been used. In this work, firstly, CaCu3Ti4O12 nanocomposite was simultaneously synthesized and decorated in different amounts of graphene oxide to enhance photodegradation of the organics. The result of the photocatalyst characterization showed that the sample with 8% graphene presented optimum photo-electrical properties such as low band gap energy and a great surface area. Secondly, the photocatalyst was applied for photodegradation of an organic model in a batch photoreactor. Thirdly, to scale up the process and optimize the efficiency, the photodegradation was modeled by multivariate semi-empirical methods. As the optimized condition showed, 45 mg/L of the methyl-orange has been removed at pH 5.8 by 0.96 g/L of the photocatalyst during 288 min of the light irradiation. Moreover, the photodegradation has been scaled up for industrial applications by determining the importance of the input effective variables according to the following organics order &gt; photocatalyst &gt; pH &gt; irradiation time.
Hydraulic simulation of perforated pipe systems feeding vertical flow constructed wetlands
Authors: Paul Urte , Karpf Christian , Schalk Thomas 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
For successfully operating a vertical flow constructed wetland, the uniform distribution of wastewater on the surface of the soil filter is essential. In research, however, this aspect is often overlooked. This study presents a methodology for assessing discharge uniformity from perforated pipe systems via hydraulic modeling. First, the requirements and conditions for the simulation of perforated pipe systems are investigated and the model basics are explained. Then the whole process of model build-up, calibration, application and analysis is presented and discussed. The modeling is done by the software EPANET and supported by pressure measurements in the pipe system of a small wetland treating domestic sewage. A crucial factor in the modeling process is the choice of loss coefficients in dividing junctions. Different approaches for calculating such coefficients are compared. Model calibration is undertaken via the multicriterion optimization algorithm NSGA-II. By calibrating two parameters, a reasonable goodness of fit with the measured pressure values was achieved. Model results show that distribution uniformity of the pipe system in question is poor. An outlook on potential applications of hydraulic modeling of perforated pipe systems in vertical flow constructed wetlands is given.
Clinicopathologic Aspects of Endometrial Proliferous Processes in Women of Reproductive Age
Authors: Vovk Iryna , Gorban Nataliya , Kondratiuk Valentyna 
Published: January 2018

The peculiarities of benign proliferative pathology of endometrium including their combination in women of reproductive age are reviewed in the article.Materials and methods. The results of pathohistological research of benign proliferative pathology of endometrium (without atypia) were analyzed. Statistical data processing was performed by means of MedStat software package.Results. The obtained results revealed that benign proliferative pathology of endometrium is one of the most frequent gynaecological malignancies among female patients of reproductive age accounting for 52.2 % cases. Endometrial polyps were found to be accompanied by morphological peculiarities indicating chronic inflammatory process in endometrium in 56.5% cases (р<0.05) in comparison with endometrial hyperplasia in 38.2% cases, proving the presence of long-term inflammation in endometrial tissue and its trigger role in the development of the proliferative processes. Among patients with chronic salpingo-oophoritis, infertility was revealed in almost half of cases (44.5% of patients with endometrial polyps, 40.5% of patients with endometrial hyperplasia and 48.3% of women with combined proliferative pathology of endometrium) clinically confirming the data of morphological research. Peculiar signs of proliferative processes in genitals were determined, namely coexistence of uterine and endometrial pathology: endometrial hyperplasia was found in 40.4% of patients with uterine leiomyoma and 30.3% of patients with adenomyosis. The same combinations were peculiar for patients with endometrial polyps: endometrial hyperplasia was found in 30.1% of patients with uterine leiomyoma and 36.3% of patients with adenomyosis. Menstrual disorders were revealed in every third woman with endometrial hyperplasia (30.3%) and co-existent polyposis (30.2%).
Het Gents kerkepad (vervolg). Sint-Antonius van Paduakerk - Forelstraat.
Authors: Maes David 
Published: January 2018

Het gebied van de huidige Sint-Antoniusparochie situeert zich op de plaats waar vroeger het Sint-Baafsdorp oprees. Op parochiaal vlak ressorteerde het oorspronkelijk onder het H. Kerst, vanaf 1802 onder Sint-Anna en sedert 1872 onder Sint-Macharius.
Het Gents kerkepad (vervolg). Sint-Pauluskerk -Smidsestraat.
Authors: Maes David 
Published: January 2018

Het gebied dat nu deel uitmaakt van de Sint-Paulusparochie behoorde vroeger tot de parochie van Sint-Pieters-Buiten. Na de afsplitsing van Sint-Coleta in 1894, volgde in 1902 de stichting van Sint-Paulus.
De "Plattegrond van Gent met peilen opgemaakt door den dienst van de stadswerken 1912".
Authors: Coene André 
Published: January 2018

De auteurs van deze stadsplattegrond van Gent zijn de ingenieurs Compyn en Soenen. De kaart, bestaande uit verscheidene kaartbladen, werd getekend door Théo. Piscador, tekenaar.
Den ehwe mort bij Tsin Tsaocobs en 't Beverhoutplein.
Authors: Broget G. 
Published: January 2018

"Den eh we mort es i ene van de belangrijkste plaotsen in Gent". Voor verzamelaars is het werkelijk een strategisch punt. Ik was er elke zaterdag en zondag op post en nadat ik gepensioneerd was, ook de vrijdag.
Bijgebouwen van de gewezen St-Baafsabdij. Inventaire archéologique - fiche n° 111.
Authors: Collumbien Hugo 
Published: January 2018

Op 18 mei 1899 stelde Armand Heins in de rubriek "Burgerlijke gebouwen - St-Machariuspiein - XIIe eeuw" in het Frans een fiche op.
Moet er nog 'Lutsepoepe' zijn.
Authors: Pieters Marcel 
Published: January 2018

De in 'Gentsche Tydinghen' ontstane polemiek in verband met het gerecht 'lutsepoepe' neemt stilaan de allures aan van een vervolgverhaal dat zelfs de grenzen van de Afteveldestad overschrijdt! Wij, als Lokeraar, willen hierbij niet ten achter blijven, temeer daar in een laatste reactie ook iemand uit onze stad vermeld werd.
Het groot plan van Gent gemaakt in 1619 door landmeter Jacques Horenbau(l)t.
Authors: Coene André 
Published: January 2018

Jacques of Jacob Horenbau(l)t, schilder en landmeter, stamt van een Gentse familie af welke sedert 1487 in de kunstgeschiedenis gekend stond van vader tot zoon. Enkele leden van dit geslacht hadden zich bijzonder onderscheiden als schilders en topografen van de stad.
Het laatste oordeel (Diest, stedelijk museum) Van Lieven vander Clyte.
Authors: Van Elslande Rudy 
Published: January 2018

Lieven van der Clyte kreeg zijn opleiding te Gent in 1383. In 1406 werd hijvermeld als schilder te Gent. Hij bewoonde een huis aan de Lange Munt.In opdracht van de Raad van Vlaanderen, die gevestigd was in het Gentse Gravensteen, schilderde hij in 1413 bet Laatste Oordeel, dat thans bewaard wordt in bet Stedelijk Museum te Diest
Jos Clemmen.
Authors: Kluyskens Pierre 
Published: January 2018

Giften, schenkingen oftegaten aan openbare besturen worden met de dag zeldzamer: het was dan ook meer dan een aangename verrassing voor het stadsbestuur van Gent, toen het, kort na Wereldoorlog 11 vernam dat de heer Arnould vander Haeghen het mooie herenhuis in de Veldstraat, beter gekend als Hotel Clemmen of Hotel Vander Haeghen, bij testament aan onze stad had vermaakt.
De abt van Baudelo liquideert de "Venusbergh " en andere zondige gelegenheden
Authors: Devriese Luc 
Published: January 2018

Tijdens de 17d• eeuw hadden de talrijke oude en nieuwe kloosters die in het spoor van de eontrareformatie toen een grote bloei kenden, in een dichtbebouwde stad als Gent uitgesproken behoefte aan lichamelijke en geestelijke afzondering. Het lag in de tijdgeest dat de religieuze gemeenschappen hun omgeving moreel en maatschappelijk behoorlijk sterk onder druk konden zetten om de kloosterlijke rust te vrijwaren.
Buikspreker Alexandre.
Authors: Kluyskens Pierre 
Published: January 2018

De kranten hadden het over Alexander, in feite moest dit Alexandre zijn, wantde ware naam van deze Fransman die op 18 November 1796 te Parijs geborenwerd luidde: Nicolas Marie Alexandre Vattemare. Hij was niet alleen buikspreker, maar ook chirurg. Hij stierf op 7 April 1864.
Jan Van den Eeden.
Authors: Callant Emiel 
Published: January 2018

Gentschen componist Jan Van den Eeden. Jan Van den Eeden werd te Gent geboren den 25 December 1842. Zijn vader was schoenmaker van stiel en had in den loop van verdere jaren voor een talrijk kroost te zorgen(l). In onze kinderjaren woonde de familie Van den Eeden op den hoek der Goudstraat en der Sinte Catharinastraat, in het huis dat thans nummer 16 draagt.
Het bombardement van Gent-Zeehaven.
Authors: Marchal Jean-Paul 
Published: January 2018

Als gevolg op de berichten welke de Belgische inlichtingsdiensten Marc en Boude naar Londen verstuurden, kreeg het Amerikaans Eighth Bomher Command de opdracht het rangeerterrein Gent -Zeehaven (in de volksmond 'De Dampuurte') op donderdag 22 juni 1944 te bombarderen!
Francisco Castel-Rodrigo.
Authors: Kluyskens Pierre 
Published: January 2018

De Brugse vaart was sedert een halve eeuw gegraven en de Bargie sedert ruimveertig jaar in dienst toen begin februari 1666 de stedelijke overheden berichtkregen dat Don Francisco de Moura-Cortereal, Markies de Castel-Rodrigo, in zijn hoedanigheid van Gouverneur-Generaal van de Nederlanden, een inspectietochtin het noorden van het land ging ondernemen en dat hij o.m. Gent en Brugge zou bezoeken.
Cornelis De Bont
Authors: Kluyskens Pierre 
Published: January 2018

Cornelis De Bont, afkomstig van het stadje Breda in Noord-Brabant, waar hij omstreeks 1450 als zoon van Martin De Bont werd geboren, arriveert in Gent rond 1469: zijn doel, zijn ambitie: in de nog rijke en weelderige hoofdstad van het graafschap Vlaanderen, goudsmid worden.
Julien De Valckenaere. Vergeten Gentse schrijvers
Authors: Van Ryssel Daniel 
Published: January 2018

Julien De Valckenaere is geboren in 1898 in de Abrikoosstraat, op de BrugsePoort, een volkswijk van Gent. Zijn vader Edmond was modelmaker, zijnmoeder fabriekswerkster. In 1918 behaalde hij het diploma van onderwijzeraan de Rijksnormaalschool te Gent. Hij werd daarna licentiaat in de edagogischewetenschappen aan de RUG. Aanvankelijk onderwijzer in het stedelijk onderwijs; in 1936 inspecteur en tenslotte hoofdinspecteur van het Lager Onderwijs.
van Alstein, een Gentse slavenkapitein.
Authors: Peeters Daniel 
Published: January 2018

Pierre Ignace Liévin van Alstein, heeft het droevige voorrecht als voorbeeld te dienen voor een zwarte bladzijde in de geschiedenis van de mensheid: de slavenhandel. Dit “voorrecht” heeft hij niet zozeer te danken aan het feit dat zijn activiteit bijzonder afweek van de activiteiten van andere handelaars in slaven, maar wel dat zijn handel en wandel bijzonder goed gedocumenteerd zijn. Hij liet namelijk na zijn dood een vrij volledig archief na dat nu nog raadpleegbaar is in het Rijksarchief. Dit fonds geeft de mogelijkheid om inzicht te hebben in de zo trieste slavenhandel.