bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isotope Studies in Oxidation of Propane over Vanadium Oxide
Authors: Kube Pierre , Frank Benjamin , Schlögl Robert , Trunschke Annette 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe oxidation of propane has been studied over silica‐supported vanadium oxide and polycrystalline, bulk MoVTeNb oxide with M1 structure. Temperature‐programmed reaction experiments were performed, and the reactivity of propane molecules labeled with deuterium and 13C, respectively, was analyzed under steady‐state conditions. The measurement of kinetic isotope effects reveals fundamental differences in the activation of propane over the two catalysts. The reaction network of consecutive and parallel reactions of the formed propylene is comparable. However, oxygen insertion into the CHO group of acrolein under formation of acrylic acid is faster over M1 than oxidation at the CH2 group and decarbonylation to acetaldehyde. In contrast, the latter process is preferred over silica‐supported vanadium oxide resulting in lower selectivity to unsaturated oxygenates.
Ligand‐Assisted Heteroaryl C(sp2)−H Bond Activation by a Cationic Ruthenium(II) Complex for Alkenylation of Heteroarenes with Alkynes Directed by Biorelevant Heterocycles
Authors: Pipaliya Bhavin V. , Chakraborti Asit K. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAlkenylation of heteroarenes with alkynes has been achieved through ligand‐assisted heteroaryl C(sp2)−H bond activation by an in situ generated cationic RuII complex directed by the biorelevant heterocyclic scaffolds benzothiazole and benzoxazole, giving broad scope with respect to the heteroarenes (thiophene, furan, N‐methyl pyrrole, and 3‐indole) and the alkynes (diaryl, dialkyl, and aryl alkyl) in high yields and with high stereo‐ and regioselectivities.
Two Enabling Strategies for the Stereoselective Conversion of Internal Alkynes into Trisubstituted Alkenes
Authors: Huwyler Nikolas , Radkowski Karin , Rummelt Stephan M. , Fürstner Alois 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAn expedient method for the C‐methylation of alkenylstannanes with formation of trisubstituted alkenes is described, which relies on the use of MeI in combination with copper thiophene‐2‐carboxylate (CuTC) as promotor and tetra‐n‐butylammonium diphenylphosphinate as an effective tin scavenger; in some cases, it proved beneficial to further supplement the mixture with catalytic amounts of Pd(PPh3)4. Under these conditions, the reaction is robust, high yielding, and compatible with many functional groups that might not subsist under more traditional conditions used to C‐alkylate organotin derivatives. A qualitative analysis of the reaction profile suggested that the in situ formation of a reactive organocopper intermediate and its interception by MeI is only barely faster than O‐methylation of the phosphinate additive by the same alkylating agent. To guarantee high yields and prevent net protodestannation from occurring, the reaction protocol had to be optimized such that these competing processes are properly decoupled. The new method is particularly well suited for the stereoselective preparation of the (E)‐2‐methylbut‐2‐en‐1‐ol motif that is present in numerous natural products. Alternatively, this particular target structure can be accessed starting from α‐hydroxy alkenylsiloxane precursors, which get C‐methylated upon exposure to CuI/LiOtBu and MeI by what is thought to be a Brook rearrangement/ alkylation sequence. The required substrates are best prepared by ruthenium‐catalyzedtrans‐hydrosilylation ortrans‐hydrostannation of propargyl alcohols.
Controlled Gelation of Graphene Towards Unprecedented Superstructures
Authors: Petersen Søren Vermehren , Qiu Ling , Li Dan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractGraphene exhibits a range of exceptional physical properties and holds great promise for development of novel bulk materials for widespread applications. Properly engineering of assembled structures of graphene at multiple length scales is essential to realize its full potential in bulk forms. In this Concept article, we highlight the unique colloidal and gelation behavior of a commonly used precursor for graphene, graphene oxide (GO), and discuss how the colloidal chemistry of GO and reduced GO can enable new scalable and cost‐effective approaches to construct graphene‐based soft superstructures with excellent properties.
Synthesis of CuPF6‐(S)‐BINAP loaded resin and its enantioselectivity toward phenylalanine enantiomers
Authors: Liu Xiong , Zhou Wenqi , Xu Longqi 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA type of resin‐anchored CuPF6‐(S)‐BINAP was synthesized and identified. The PS‐CuPF6‐(S)‐BINAP resin was used to adsorb the phenylalanine enantiomers. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of PS‐CuPF6‐(S)‐BINAP resin toward L‐phenylalanine was higher than that of resin toward D‐phenylalanine. PS‐CuPF6‐(S)‐BINAP resin exhibited good enantioselectivity toward L‐phenylalanine and D‐phenylalanine. The influence of phenylalanine concentration, pH, adsorption time, and temperature on the enantioselectivity of the resin were investigated. The results showed that the enantioselectivity of the resin increased with increasing the phenylalanine concentration, pH, and adsorption time, while it decreased with an increase in temperature. The causes for these influences are discussed. The highest enantioselectivity (α = 2.81) was obtained when the condition of phenylalanine concentration was 0.05 mmol/mL, pH was 8, adsorption time was 12 h, and temperature 5°C. The desorption test for removing D/L‐phenylalanine on PS‐CuPF6‐(S)‐BINAP resin was also investigated. The desorption ratios of D‐phenylalanine and L‐phenylalanine at pH of 1 were 95.7% and 94.3%, respectively. This result indicated that the PS‐CuPF6‐(S)‐BINAP resin could be regenerated by shaking with an acidic solution. The reusability of the PS‐CuPF6‐(S)‐BINAP resin was also assessed and the resin exhibited considerable reusability.
Evaluation of the Cleanability of Surfaces with Particulate Contamination
Authors: Budelmann Harald , Dreßler Inka 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHygienisch einwandfreie Oberflächen sind u. a. in der Lebensmitteltechnologie und Gesundheitseinrichtungen essentiell. Bei feiner partikulärer Kontamination sind die Haftkräfte zwischen Partikeln und Oberflächen bei der Reinigung von entscheidender Bedeutung. Hier werden der Reinigungsvorgang von reinraumüblichen Materialien sowie Oberflächeneigenschaften untersucht, die die Entfernung von Partikeln im nicht‐immergierten System beeinflussen. Die Experimente wurden an zwei Materialgruppen durchgeführt, die in hygienekritischen Bereichen von Gesundheitseinrichtungen eine zentrale Rolle spielen.
An amplifier‐offset‐insensitive and high PSRR subthreshold CMOS voltage reference
Authors: Wang Lidan , Zhan Chenchang , Tang Junyao , Li Guofeng 
Published: July 2017

SummaryAn amplifier‐offset‐insensitive complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (MOS) voltage reference (CVR) circuit with high power supply ripple rejection (PSRR) is presented. Due to the novel structure of employing subthreshold MOS transistors, the proposed CVR circuit can suppress the direct current offset effects of the internal amplifier. Design considerations in optimizing the power and area consumptions and improving the PSRR are presented. The proposed CVR circuit is implemented in a standard 0.18 μm complementary MOS process. Measured results show that the reference can run with down‐to 0.9 V supply voltage, while the power consumption is only 70 nW. The measured PSRR is better than −37 dB over the full frequency range.
Measurement of NET formation in vitro and in vivo by flow cytometry
Authors: Masuda Sakiko , Shimizu Sakika , Matsuo Junji , Nishibata Yuka , Kusunoki Yoshihiro , Hattanda Fumihiko , Shida Haruki , Nakazawa Daigo , Tomaru Utano , Atsumi Tatsuya , Ishizu Akihiro 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are extracellular chromatin fibers adorned with antimicrobial proteins, such as myeloperoxidase (MPO), which are extruded from activated neutrophils. NETosis is the metamorphosis of neutrophils with NET formation that follows decondensation of DNA and rupture of the plasma membrane. Although NETs play important roles in innate immunity, excessive formation of NETs can be harmful to the hosts. Until now, various methods for evaluation of NETs have been reported. Although each has a virtue, the gold standard has not been established. Here we demonstrate a simple, objective, and quantitative method to detect NETs using flow cytometry. This method uses a plasma membrane‐impermeable DNA‐binding dye, SYTOX Green. SYTOX Green‐positive cells were detected in human peripheral polymorphonuclear cells exposed to a NET inducer, phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA). The number of SYTOX Green‐positive cells was increased depending on the exposure duration and concentrations of PMA. Furthermore, co‐localization of MPO and plasma membrane‐appendant DNA of SYTOX Green‐positive cells was demonstrated. Moreover, a NET inhibitor, diphenylene iodonium, could significantly reduce the number of SYTOX Green‐positive cells induced by PMA. The collective evidence suggests that SYTOX Green‐positive cells include neutrophils that formed NETs. The established method could detect neutrophils that underwent NETosis but not early apoptosis with equivalence in quantification to another well‐used image analysis, which is based on fluorescent staining. Additionally, NETs that were formed in vivo were also detectable by this method. It is conceivable that the established method will bring us better understanding of the relation between NETosis and human diseases. © 2017 The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of ISAC.
Isolation and characterization of canine placenta‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells for the treatment of neurological disorders in dogs
Authors: Long Connor , Lankford Lee , Kumar Priyadarsini , Grahn Robert , Borjesson Dori L. , Farmer Diana , Wang Aijun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disorder that affects humans and dogs. The prognosis of SCI depends on the severity of the injury and can include varying levels of motor and sensory deficits including devastating paraplegia and quadriplegia. Placental mesenchymal stromal cells (PMSCs) have been shown to improve wound healing and possess neuroprotective and immunomodulatory capabilities, but have not yet been clinically tested for the treatment of SCI. This study established a protocol to isolate fetal PMSCs from canine placentas and characterized their paracrine secretion profile and ability to stimulate neurons in vitro to assess their potential as a treatment option for neurological disorders in dogs. Canine PMSCs (cPMSCs) were plastic adherent and capable of trilineage differentiation. cPMSCs expressed typical MSC markers and did not express hematopoietic or endothelial cell markers. Genotyping of cPMSCs revealed fetal rather than maternal origin of the cells. cPMSCs were viable and mitotically expansive in a collagen hydrogel delivery vehicle, and they secreted the immunomodulatory and neurotrophic paracrine factors interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP‐1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). cPMSCs also stimulated the growth of complex neural networks when co‐cultured with SH‐SY5Y cells, a neuroblastoma cell line used to model neuron growth in vitro. cPMSCs are analogous to human PMSCs. They meet the criteria to be defined as MSCs and represent a potential regenerative therapy option for neurological disorders in dogs with their robust growth in collagen hydrogel, stimulation of neural network formation, and secretion of potent paracrine factors. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Mobile device‐centric access point monitoring scheme for handover decision triggering in heterogeneous networks
Authors: Lee Woonghee , Bae Mungyu , Kim Hyunsoon , Kim Hwangnam 
Published: July 2017

SummaryBecause of the low throughput and the high packet error rate in wireless communications, the network traffic often converges at access points (APs), which take a role of connecting wired and wireless communication interfaces, and APs are usually bottleneck points in wireless networks. In heterogeneous networks, various networks are around mobile devices. Furthermore, today's mobile devices have various wireless network capabilities. Thus, mobile devices should be able to understand network situations autonomously and use a wide range of network options in heterogeneous networks. However, since current mobile devices cannot know the connected AP's network condition, they continue to use the AP, which provides poor‐quality networks even though there are other available APs and networks nearby. To resolve the aforementioned problems, we propose MAPS, the low‐power AP monitoring scheme for handover decision triggering in heterogeneous networks. Using MAPS, a mobile device can trigger a handover decision properly through predicting the connected AP's network condition accurately without any cooperation from other devices. Furthermore, MAPS does not require any modification on existing network systems, and the mobile device can use MAPS with simple application installation. Through diverse simulations, actual experiments, and power consumption analysis, we validate that MAPS can detect the busy AP effectively and is suitable for mobile devices because of low power consumption.
A randomized, comparative pilot trial of family‐based interpersonal psychotherapy for reducing psychosocial symptoms, disordered‐eating, and excess weight gain in at‐risk preadolescents with loss‐of‐control‐eating
Authors: Shomaker Lauren B. , Tanofsky‐Kraff Marian , Matherne Camden E. , Mehari Rim D. , Olsen Cara H. , Marwitz Shannon E. , Bakalar Jennifer L. , Ranzenhofer Lisa M. , Kelly Nichole R. , Schvey Natasha A. , Burke Natasha L. , Cassidy Omni , Brady Sheila M. , Dietz Laura J. , Wilfley Denise E. , Yanovski Susan Z. , Yanovski Jack A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectivePreadolescent loss‐of‐control‐eating (LOC‐eating) is a risk factor for excess weight gain and binge‐eating‐disorder. We evaluated feasibility and acceptability of a preventive family‐based interpersonal psychotherapy (FB‐IPT) program. FB‐IPT was compared to family‐based health education (FB‐HE) to evaluate changes in children's psychosocial functioning, LOC‐eating, and body mass.MethodA randomized, controlled pilot trial was conducted with 29 children, 8 to 13 years who had overweight/obesity and LOC‐eating. Youth‐parent dyads were randomized to 12‐week FB‐IPT (n = 15) or FB‐HE (n = 14) and evaluated at post‐treatment, six‐months, and one‐year. Changes in child psychosocial functioning, LOC‐eating, BMI, and adiposity by dual‐energy‐X‐ray‐absorptiometry were assessed. Missing follow‐up data were multiply imputed.ResultsFB‐IPT feasibility and acceptability were indicated by good attendance (83%) and perceived benefits to social interactions and eating. Follow‐up assessments were completed by 73% FB‐IPT and 86% FB‐HE at post‐treatment, 60% and 64% at six‐months, and 47% and 57% at one‐year. At post‐treatment, children in FB‐IPT reported greater decreases in depression (95% CI −7.23, −2.01, Cohen's d = 1.23) and anxiety (95% CI −6.08, −0.70, Cohen's d = .79) and less odds of LOC‐eating (95% CI −3.93, −0.03, Cohen's d = .38) than FB‐HE. At six‐months, children in FB‐IPT had greater reductions in disordered‐eating attitudes (95% CI −0.72, −0.05, Cohen's d = .66) and at one‐year, tended to have greater decreases in depressive symptoms (95% CI −8.82, 0.44, Cohen's d = .69) than FB‐HE. There was no difference in BMI gain between the groups.DiscussionFamily‐based approaches that address interpersonal and emotional underpinnings of LOC‐eating in preadolescents with overweight/obesity show preliminary promise, particularly for reducing internalizing symptoms. Whether observed psychological benefits translate into sustained prevention of disordered‐eating or excess weight gain requires further study.
Habitat availability drives the distribution–abundance relationship in phytophagous true bugs in managed grasslands
Authors: Friess Nicolas , Gossner Martin M. , Weisser Wolfgang W. , Brandl Roland , Brändle Martin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe nearly universal positive relationship between the distribution and abundance of species has been explained by several hypotheses but hitherto no consensus has been reached. Here, we used monitoring data of 105 phytophagous true bug species (Heteroptera) from 150 grassland sites over six years to test how (1) range position, (2) resource use, (3) resource availability, (4) density‐dependent habitat selection, (5) metapopulation dynamics, and (6) habitat dispersal affect the distribution–abundance relationship. For the use in a confirmatory path analysis, we constructed causal pathways representing the hypothesized relationships and tested them separately and in a combined analysis. Our results show that the distribution–abundance relationship in phytophagous true bugs is driven by habitat‐availability. An increasing local density of the host‐plants increases the distribution of the species in the landscape, which in turn increases their local abundance. Thereby habitat availability facilitates dispersal success. We conclude that local abundance of herbivores facing habitat destruction could decline owing to a decrease in population dynamics between sites at the landscape scale. Finally, our results underline the potential of confirmatory path analysis for testing competing hypotheses.
Molecular constraints on resistance–tolerance trade‐offs
Authors: Mesa J. Miles , Scholes Daniel R. , Juvik John A. , Paige Ken N. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPlants have numerous mechanisms to cope with the negative effects of herbivory, including plant resistance, structural and chemical traits that reduce damage, and plant tolerance, the ability to compensate for tissues lost. It has been argued that resistance and tolerance represent alternate strategies and thus there should be a trade‐off between resistance and tolerance. However, resistance and tolerance are controlled via the same molecular pathway, the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway and the process of endoreduplication. Endoreduplication is the replication of the genome without mitosis, which leads to an increase in cellular chromosome number. Increasing chromosome number and therefore gene copy number provides a means of increasing gene expression that has been shown to enhance compensation following herbivory. By measuring glucosinolate levels and seed production following the removal of apical dominance in genotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana we show that there is a positive association between tolerance and induced chemical defense. Similarly, the direct association between tolerance and resistance is demonstrated by genetically manipulating the endoreduplication pathway. By overexpressing ILP1, a positive regulator of endoreduplication, and thus compensation, we experimentally increased glucosinolate production and tolerance in the Col‐0 genotype. We suggest that many herbaceous plants that endoreduplicate (~90%) would show a positive relationship between compensation and chemical defense, given that the molecular pathways are shared in common. We discuss these findings in light of contrasting results on measures of tolerance and resistance, given that the true relationship can be masked by ignoring genetic variation in endoreduplication and the timing of chemical measurement.
Atrophy of the parahippocampal gyrus is prominent in heart failure patients without dementia
Authors: Meguro Tomomi , Meguro Yuko , Kunieda Takeyoshi 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimsThe exacerbation of heart failure (HF) induces brain damage and cognitive impairment (CI), which frequently attenuates the effects of treatment. However, it is not clear whether HF patients without clinical dementia demonstrate increased risk of CI. We examined whether local atrophy in the parahippocampal gyrus, a potential predictor of CI, is prominent in HF patients without clinical dementia.Methods and resultsTwenty stable HF patients with a history of admission due to decompensated HF or presentation of apparent pulmonary congestion following chest X‐ray and 17 controls were enrolled in this observational, analytical, cross‐sectional, case‐control study. Patients with dementia were excluded from this study based on the results of cognitive assessment. Three‐dimensional T1 weighted magnetic resonance image analysis was performed to evaluate the severity of local brain atrophy using software based on statistical parametric mapping. Z‐score values were calculated to evaluate the severity of atrophy in the total brain and parahippocampal gyrus. The severity of total brain atrophy was similar between HF patients (8.0 ± 2.9%) and controls (6.5 ± 3.1%). However, the Z‐score was significantly higher in the HF group (1.12 ± 0.49) in comparison with the control group (0.63 ± 0.36, P = 0.002). The Z‐score value did not correlate with age, ejection fraction, left atrial dimension, left ventricular dimensions, or brain natriuretic peptides in the HF group but did correlate with the Clinical Frailty Scale.ConclusionsLocal atrophy in the parahippocampal gyrus was prominent in HF patients without clinical dementia. This finding showed that HF patients without dementia feature a potential risk for developing CI.
Discriminant biomarkers of acute respiratory distress syndrome associated to H1N1 influenza identified by metabolomics HPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS platform
Authors: Ferrarini Alessia , Righetti Laura , Martínez Ma Paz , Fernández‐López Mariano , Mastrangelo Annalaura , Horcajada Juan P. , Betbesé Antoni , Esteban Andrés , Ordóñez Jordi , Gea Joaquín , Cabello Jesús Ruiz , Pellati Federica , Lorente José A. , Nin Nicolás , Rupérez Francisco J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious complication of influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. Its pathogenesis is unknown and biomarkers are lacking. Untargeted metabolomics allows the analysis of the whole metabolome in a biological compartment, identifying patterns associated with specific conditions. We hypothesized that LC‐MS could help identify discriminant metabolites able to define the metabolic alterations occurring in patients with influenza A (H1N1) virus infection that developed ARDS. Serum samples from patients diagnosed with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus infection with (n = 25) or without (n = 32) ARDS were obtained on the day of hospital admission and analyzed by LC‐MS/MS. Metabolite identification was determined by MS/MS analysis and analysis of standards. The specificity of the patterns identified was confirmed in patients without 2009 influenza A(H1N1) virus pneumonia (15 without and 17 with ARDS). Twenty‐three candidate biomarkers were found to be significantly different between the two groups, including lysophospholipids and sphingolipids related to inflammation; bile acids, tryptophan metabolites, and thyroxine, related to the metabolism of the gut microflora. Confirmation results demonstrated the specificity of major alterations occurring in ARDS patients with influenza A (H1N1) virus infection.