bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Students' Cultural Background as a Determinant of Various Categories of Social Behaviour
Authors: Alić Amel , Cerić Haris , Habibović Sedin 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The aim of this research was to assess in which way the cultural background of students should be taken into account working with students as well as the adjustments of school activities by the school management, and what differences are possible to be noticed in regard to their cultural background. The empiric part of the research covered the sample of students of United World College in Mostar, comprising of 124 examinees coming from total of 47 different countries, but wider part of the research covered and comparisons with 67 students of Gymnasia Mostar, in total, the sample consisting of 191 examinees. In this piece of work, only the results considering the characteristics of students of United World College Mostar. Employing of Hofstede's operationalization’s of national cultures, the students have been, in respect to culture they come from, grouped according to established dimensions: Individualism – Collectivism, Power Distance index, Uncertainty Avoidance index and Masculinity vs. Femininity. Within separate dimensions the comparisons have been carried out regarding to the level of expressed social distance toward the others, level of empathy, intercultural sensibility, locus of control and the assertion of parental control and emotionality dimension. Using t-test, and descriptive statistics, differences between the students have been stated regarding to considered criteria variables, while Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for variable being in linear relation.
Konstruksi Alat Ukur Mindset
Authors: Sembiring Tessalonika 
Published: October 2017

Mindset merupakan keyakinan seseorang (self belief) yang terentang dalam sebuah skala, satu sisi merupakan growth mindset dan sisi lainya adalah fixed mindset (Dweck & Leggett, 1988). Meyakini bahwa kualitas yang kita miliki sudah baku merupakan fixed mindset, sedangkan growth mindset didasarkan pada keyakinan (belief) bahwa kualitas dasar adalah hal yang dapat dikembangkan melalui usaha. Mindset seseorang akan memengaruhi ia dalam menyikapi bakat, kecerdasan serta karakternya. Hal tersebut menggambarkan bagaimana pentingnya mindset dalam menentukan kemajuan dan perkembangan potensi seseorang, namun di Indonesia penelitian terkait mindset dan alat ukurnya masih belum banyak dikembangkan. Alat ukur yang disusun didasarkan pada teori Mindset - Carol Dweck (2006), dan diujicobakan pada 145 responden (Mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi Universita Kristen Maranatha berusia 18-20 tahun). Uji validitas yang dilakukan berkaitan dengan Construct Validity, dengan cara mengkorelasikan skor yang diperoleh pada masing-masing item pertanyaan dengan skor total responden. Uji Reabilitas dilakukan dengan teknik Alpha Chonbach. Berdasarkan uji coba dihasilkan Alat Ukur Mindset versi Bahasa Indonesia yang terdiri dari 30 item yaitu 15 item growth mindset (nilai r hitung item sebesar 0,403 s/d 0.687 dan koefisien reliabilitas sebesar 0,837) dan 15 item fixed mindset (nilai r hitung item sebesar 0.311 s/d 0.519 dengan koefisien reliabilitas sebesar 0,811). Kata kunci : Mindset, Growth Mindset, Fixed Mindset, alat ukur mindset.
Identifying people with a learning disability: an advanced search for general practice
Authors: Russell Amy M , Bryant Louise , House Allan 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundPeople with learning disabilities (LD) have poor physical and mental health when compared with the general population. They are also likely to find it more difficult than others to describe their symptoms adequately. It is therefore harder for healthcare workers to identify the health needs of those with learning disabilities, with the danger of some problems being left unrecognised. Practice registers record only a proportion of those who are eligible, making it difficult to target improvements in their health care.AimTo test a Read Code search supporting the identification of people with a mild-to-moderate learning disability who are not currently on the learning disability register.Design and settingAn observational study in primary care in West Yorkshire.MethodRead Code searches were created to identify individuals with a learning disability not on the LD register; they were field tested and further refined before testing in general practice.ResultsDiagnostic codes identified small numbers of individuals who should have been on the LD register. Functional and service use codes often created large numbers of false-positive results. The specific descriptive codes ‘Learning difficulties’ and ‘Referral to learning disability team’ needed follow-up review, and then identified some individuals with LD who were not on the register.ConclusionThe Read Code search supported practices to populate their registers and was quick to run and review, making it a viable choice to support register revalidation. However, it did not find large numbers of people eligible for the LD register who were previously unidentified by their practice, suggesting that additional complementary methods are required to support practices to validate their registers.
GPs’ experiences of children with anxiety disorders in primary care: a qualitative study
Authors: O’Brien Doireann , Harvey Kate , Young Bridget , Reardon Tessa , Creswell Cathy 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundAnxiety disorders have a median age of onset of 11 years and are the most common emotional disorders in childhood; however, a significant proportion of those affected do not access professional support. In the UK, GPs are often the first medical professional that families see so are in a prime position to support children with anxiety disorders; however, currently there is little research available on GPs’ perspectives on and experiences of supporting children with these disorders.AimTo explore the experiences of GPs in relation to identification, management, and access to specialist services for children (<12 years) with anxiety disorders.Design and settingTwenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with GPs in primary care throughout England.MethodGPs reflected a diverse group in relation to the ethnic and socioeconomic profile of registered patients, GP age, sex, professional status, previous engagement with research, and practice size and location. Purposive sampling was used to recruit GPs until theoretical saturation was reached. Data were analysed using a constant comparative method of thematic analysis.ResultsData from 20 semi-structured interviews were organised into three themes: decision making, responsibility, and emotional response, with an overarching theme of GPs feeling ill equipped. These themes were retrospectively analysed to illustrate their role at different stages in the primary care process (identification, management, and access to specialist services).ConclusionGPs feel ill equipped to manage and support childhood anxiety disorders, demonstrating a need for medical training to include greater emphasis on children’s mental health, as well as potential for greater collaboration between primary and specialist services.
Patient-driven N-of-1 in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Riggare Sara , Unruh Kenton , Sturr Jasmine , Domingos Josefa , Stamford Jonathan , Svenningsson Per , Hägglund Maria 
Published: October 2017

SummaryBackground: New insights and knowledge in biomedical science often come from observation and experimentation. Methods traditionally used include self-experimentation, case reports, randomised controlled trials, and N-of-1 studies. Technological advances have lead to an increasing number of individuals and patients engaging in self-tracking. We use the term patient-driven N-of-1 for self-tracking performed with the explicit intention to disseminate the results by academic publishing.Objectives: The aim of the study was to: 1) explore the potential role for patient-driven N-of-1 studies as a tool for improving self-management in Parkinson’s disease (PD) using the example of managing levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) with nicotine, and 2) based on this example; identify some specific challenges of patient-driven N-of-1 studies.Methods: We used a placebo controlled patient-driven N-of-1 study with nicotine administered via e-cigarette to treat LID. The first author initiated and conducted the experiment on herself and noted her observations. The evaluations of the potential of N-of-1 for improving self-management of PD as well as the effects of nicotine on dyskinesia were based on the perception of the subject. During the planning and undertaking of the experiment, notes were made to identify challenges specific to patient-driven N-of-1 studies.Results: The subject was able to distinguish a decrease of her LID from nicotine but no effect from placebo. The main challenges of patient-driven N-of-1 studies were identified to be associated with planning of the study, recruiting a suitable research team, making sure the data collection is optimal, analysis of data, and publication of results.Conclusions: Our study indicates that nicotine administered via e-cigarette may have an effect on levodopa-induced dyskinesia in individual patients with PD. The main contribution is however highlighting the work done by patients on a daily basis for understanding their conditions and conducting self-tracking experiments. More work is needed to further develop methods around patient-driven N-of-1 studies for PD.
Insights from Synthetic Star-forming Regions. III. Calibration of Measurement and Techniques of Star Formation Rates
Authors: Koepferl Christine M. , Robitaille Thomas P. , Dale James E. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Through an extensive set of realistic synthetic observations (produced in Paper I), we assess in this part of the paper series (Paper III) how the choice of observational techniques affects the measurement of star formation rates (SFRs) in star-forming regions. We test the accuracy of commonly used techniques and construct new methods to extract the SFR, so that these findings can be applied to measure the SFR in real regions throughout the Milky Way. We investigate diffuse infrared SFR tracers such as those using 24 μm, 70 μm and total infrared emission, which have been previously calibrated for global galaxy scales. We set up a toy model of a galaxy and show that the infrared emission is consistent with the intrinsic SFR using extra-galactic calibrated laws (although the consistency does not prove their reliability). For local scales, we show that these techniques produce completely unreliable results for single star-forming regions, which are governed by different characteristic timescales. We show how calibration of these techniques can be improved for single star-forming regions by adjusting the characteristic timescale and the scaling factor and give suggestions of new calibrations of the diffuse star formation tracers. We show that star-forming regions that are dominated by high-mass stellar feedback experience a rapid drop in infrared emission once high-mass stellar feedback is turned on, which implies different characteristic timescales. Moreover, we explore the measured SFRs calculated directly from the observed young stellar population. We find that the measured point sources follow the evolutionary pace of star formation more directly than diffuse star formation tracers.
New Low-mass Eclipsing Binary Systems in Praesepe Discovered by K2
Authors: Gillen Edward , Hillenbrand Lynne A. , David Trevor J. , Aigrain Suzanne , Rebull Luisa , Stauffer John , Cody Ann Marie , Queloz Didier 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We present the discovery and characterization of four low-mass (

M
<
0.6

M

⊙

) eclipsing binary (EB) systems in the sub-Gyr old Praesepe open cluster using Kepler/K2 time series photometry and Keck/HIRES spectroscopy. We present a new Gaussian process EB model, GP–EBOP, as well as a method of simultaneously determining effective temperatures and distances for EBs. Three of the reported systems (AD 3814, AD 2615 and AD 1508) are detached and double-lined, and precise solutions are presented for the first two. We determine masses and radii to 1%–3% precision for AD 3814 and to 5%–6% for AD 2615. Together with effective temperatures determined to ∼50 K precision, we test the PARSEC v1.2 and BHAC15 stellar evolution models. Our EB parameters are more consistent with the PARSEC models, primarily because the BHAC15 temperature scale is hotter than our data over the mid-M-dwarf mass range probed. Both ADs 3814 and 2615, which have orbital periods of 6.0 and 11.6 days, are circularized but not synchronized. This suggests that either synchronization proceeds more slowly in fully convective stars than the theory of equilibrium tides predicts, or magnetic braking is currently playing a more important role than tidal forces in the spin evolution of these binaries. The fourth system (AD 3116) comprises a brown dwarf transiting a mid-M-dwarf, which is the first such system discovered in a sub-Gyr open cluster. Finally, these new discoveries increase the number of characterized EBs in sub-Gyr open clusters by 20% (40%) below

M
<
1.5

M
⊙ (

M
<
0.6

M
⊙).
The Canada–France Imaging Survey: First Results from the u-Band Component
Authors: Ibata Rodrigo A. , McConnachie Alan , Cuillandre Jean-Charles , Fantin Nicholas , Haywood Misha , Martin Nicolas F. , Bergeron Pierre , Beckmann Volker , Bernard Edouard , Bonifacio Piercarlo , Caffau Elisabetta , Carlberg Raymond , Côté Patrick , Cabanac Rémi , Chapman Scott , Duc Pierre-Alain , Durret Florence , Famaey Benoît , Fabbro Sébastien , Gwyn Stephen , Hammer Francois , Hill Vanessa , Hudson Michael J. , Lançon Ariane , Lewis Geraint , Malhan Khyati , Matteo Paola di , McCracken Henry , Mei Simona , Mellier Yannick , Navarro Julio , Pires Sandrine , Pritchet Chris , Reylé Celine , Richer Harvey , Robin Annie C. , Jannsen Rubén Sánchez , Sawicki Marcin , Scott Douglas , Scottez Vivien , Spekkens Kristine , Starkenburg Else , Thomas Guillaume , Venn Kim 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The Canada–France Imaging Survey (CFIS) will map the northern high Galactic latitude sky in the u-band (“CFIS-u,” 10,000

) and in the r-band (“CFIS-r,” 5000

), enabling a host of stand-alone science investigations, and providing some of the ground-based data necessary for photometric redshift determination for the Euclid mission. In this first contribution, we present the u-band component of the survey, describe the observational strategy, and discuss some first highlight results, based on approximately one-third of the final area. We show that the Galactic anticenter structure is distributed continuously along the line of sight, out to beyond

, and possesses a metallicity distribution that is essentially identical to that of the outer disk sampled by APOGEE. This suggests that it is probably a buckled disk of old metal-rich stars, rather than a stream or a flare. We also discuss the future potential for CFIS-u in discovering star-forming dwarf galaxies around the Local Group, the characterization of the white dwarf and blue straggler population of the Milky Way, as well as its sensitivity to low surface brightness structures in external galaxies.
The FluxCompensator: Making Radiative Transfer Models of Hydrodynamical Simulations Directly Comparable to Real Observations
Authors: Koepferl Christine M. , Robitaille Thomas P. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
When modeling astronomical objects throughout the universe, it is important to correctly treat the limitations of the data, for instance finite resolution and sensitivity. In order to simulate these effects, and to make radiative transfer models directly comparable to real observations, we have developed an open-source Python package called the FluxCompensator that enables the post-processing of the output of 3D Monte Carlo radiative transfer codes, such as Hyperion. With the FluxCompensator, realistic synthetic observations can be generated by modeling the effects of convolution with arbitrary point-spread functions, transmission curves, finite pixel resolution, noise, and reddening. Pipelines can be applied to compute synthetic observations that simulate observatories, such as the Spitzer Space Telescope or the Herschel Space Observatory. Additionally, this tool can read in existing observations (e.g., FITS format) and use the same settings for the synthetic observations. In this paper, we describe the package as well as present examples of such synthetic observations.
Optical and UV Spectra of the Remnant of SN 1885 (S And) in M31*
Authors: Fesen Robert A. , Weil Kathryn E. , Hamilton Andrew J. S. , Höflich Peter A. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We present multi-slit, 1D and 2D optical and UV spectra of the remnant of supernova 1885 (SN 1885; S And) taken using the Hubble Space Telescope’s Imaging Spectrograph (HST/STIS). These spectra of this probable subluminous Type Ia remnant, seen in silhouette against the central bulge of the Andromeda galaxy (M31), show strong and broad absorptions from neutral and singly ionized species of calcium, magnesium, and iron but with strikingly different distributions. Calcium H and K absorption indicates spherically distributed Ca-rich ejecta, densest in a lumpy shell expanding at 2000–6000 km s−1. Equally broad but weaker Ca i 4227 Å absorption is seen to extend out to velocities of ∼13,000 km s−1. Magnesium-rich ejecta in the remnant are detected for the first time through Mg i 2852 Å and Mg ii 2796, 2803 Å absorptions concentrated in a shell with expansion velocities from

to at least 10,000 km s−1. Fe i 3720 Å absorption is detected as two discrete blueshifted and redshifted absorptions suggestive of an Fe i shell with expansion velocities of ±2000–8000 km s−1. Weak Fe ii resonance absorptions in the wavelength region 2300–2700 Å are consistent with prior HST UV images showing Fe ii–rich ejecta confined to a small number of optically thick plumes. The presence of such iron plumes extending out from the remnant’s core plus layered shells of calcium and magnesium point to a delayed-detonation explosion. The spectra also suggest a roughly spherical explosion, contrary to that expected by a merger or collision of two white dwarfs. We conclude that SN 1885 likely was an off-center, delayed-detonation explosion leading to a subluminous SN Ia similar to SN 1986G.
A Compressed Sensing-based Image Reconstruction Algorithm for Solar Flare X-Ray Observations
Authors: Felix Simon , Bolzern Roman , Battaglia Marina 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
One way of imaging X-ray emission from solar flares is to measure Fourier components of the spatial X-ray source distribution. We present a new compressed sensing-based algorithm named VIS_CS, which reconstructs the spatial distribution from such Fourier components. We demonstrate the application of the algorithm on synthetic and observed solar flare X-ray data from the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager satellite and compare its performance with existing algorithms. VIS_CS produces competitive results with accurate photometry and morphology, without requiring any algorithm- and X-ray-source-specific parameter tuning. Its robustness and performance make this algorithm ideally suited for the generation of quicklook images or large image cubes without user intervention, such as for imaging spectroscopy analysis.
The Small-scale Structure of Photospheric Convection Retrieved by a Deconvolution Technique Applied to Hinode/SP Data
Authors: Oba T. , Riethmüller T. L. , Solanki S. K. , Iida Y. , Quintero Noda C. , Shimizu T. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Solar granules are bright patterns surrounded by dark channels, called intergranular lanes, in the solar photosphere and are a manifestation of overshooting convection. Observational studies generally find stronger upflows in granules and weaker downflows in intergranular lanes. This trend is, however, inconsistent with the results of numerical simulations in which downflows are stronger than upflows through the joint action of gravitational acceleration/deceleration and pressure gradients. One cause of this discrepancy is the image degradation caused by optical distortion and light diffraction and scattering that takes place in an imaging instrument. We apply a deconvolution technique to Hinode/SP data in an attempt to recover the original solar scene. Our results show a significant enhancement in both the convective upflows and downflows but particularly for the latter. After deconvolution, the up- and downflows reach maximum amplitudes of −3.0 km s−1 and +3.0 km s−1 at an average geometrical height of roughly 50 km, respectively. We found that the velocity distributions after deconvolution match those derived from numerical simulations. After deconvolution, the net LOS velocity averaged over the whole field of view lies close to zero as expected in a rough sense from mass balance.
Insights from Synthetic Star-forming Regions. I. Reliable Mock Observations from SPH Simulations
Authors: Koepferl Christine M. , Robitaille Thomas P. , Dale James E. , Biscani Francesco 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Through synthetic observations of a hydrodynamical simulation of an evolving star-forming region, we assess how the choice of observational techniques affects the measurements of properties that trace star formation. Testing and calibrating observational measurements requires synthetic observations that are as realistic as possible. In this part of the series (Paper I), we explore different techniques for mapping the distributions of densities and temperatures from the particle-based simulations onto a Voronoi mesh suitable for radiative transfer and consequently explore their accuracy. We further test different ways to set up the radiative transfer in order to produce realistic synthetic observations. We give a detailed description of all methods and ultimately recommend techniques. We have found that the flux around 20 μm is strongly overestimated when blindly coupling the dust radiative transfer temperature with the hydrodynamical gas temperature. We find that when instead assuming a constant background dust temperature in addition to the radiative transfer heating, the recovered flux is consistent with actual observations. We present around 5800 realistic synthetic observations for Spitzer and Herschel bands, at different evolutionary time-steps, distances, and orientations. In the upcoming papers of this series (Papers II, III, and IV), we will test and calibrate measurements of the star formation rate, gas mass, and the star formation efficiency using our realistic synthetic observations.
Tidal Dissipation in WASP-12
Authors: Weinberg Nevin N. , Sun Meng , Arras Phil , Essick Reed 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
WASP-12 is a hot Jupiter system with an orbital period of P = 1.1 days, making it one of the shortest-period giant planets known. Recent transit timing observations by Maciejewski et al. and Patra et al. found a decreasing period with

= 3.2 Myr. This has been interpreted as evidence of either orbital decay due to tidal dissipation or a long-term oscillation of the apparent period due to apsidal precession. Here, we consider the possibility that it is orbital decay. We show that the parameters of the host star are consistent with either a M
* ≃ 1.3 M
⊙ main sequence star or a M
* ≃ 1.2 M
⊙ subgiant. We find that if the star is on the main sequence, the tidal dissipation is too inefficient to explain the observed

. However, if it is a subgiant, the tidal dissipation is significantly enhanced due to nonlinear wave-breaking of the dynamical tide near the star’s center. The subgiant models have a tidal quality factor

and an orbital decay rate that agrees well with the observed

. It would also explain why the planet survived for ≃3 Gyr while the star was on the main sequence and yet is now inspiraling on a 3 Myr timescale. Although this suggests that we are witnessing the last ∼0.1% of the planet’s life, the probability of such a detection is a few percent given the observed sample of ≃30 hot Jupiters in P < 3-day orbits around M
* > 1.2 M
⊙ hosts.