bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gene expression profiling analysis of the effects of low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound on induced pluripotent stem cell–derived neural crest stem cells
Authors: Xia Bin , Zou Yang , Xu Zhiling , Lv Yonggang 
Published: January 2017

AbstractLow‐intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a noninvasive technique that has been shown to affect cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation and promote the regeneration of damaged peripheral nerve. Our previous studies had proved that LIPUS can significantly promote the neural differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cell–derived neural crest stem cells (iPSCs‐NCSCs) and enhance the repair of rat‐transected sciatic nerve. To further explore the underlying mechanisms of LIPUS treatment of iPSCs‐NCSCs, this study reported the gene expression profiling analysis of iPSCs‐NCSCs before and after LIPUS treatment using the RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐Seq) method. It was found that expression of 76 genes of iPSCs‐NCSCs cultured in a serum‐free neural induction medium and expression of 21 genes of iPSCs‐NCSCs cultured in a neuronal differentiation medium were significantly changed by LIPUS treatment. The differentially expressed genes are related to angiogenesis, nervous system activity and functions, cell activities, and so on. The RNA‐seq results were further verified by a quantitative real‐time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). High correlation was observed between the results obtained from qRT‐PCR and RNA‐Seq. This study presented new information on the global gene expression patterns of iPSCs‐NCSCs after LIPUS treatment and may expand the understanding of the complex molecular mechanism of LIPUS treatment of iPSCs‐NCSCs.
A framework for quantitatively assessing the repurpose potential of existing industrial facilities as a biorefinery
Authors: Martinkus Natalie , Wolcott Michael 
Published: January 2017

AbstractConstructing a commercial biorefinery involves significant financial and technical risks that may affect investor willingness to commit funds. Repurposing existing industrial facilities has been proposed as a means to lessen the investment risk in constructing a new biorefinery through reduced financial requirements and startup costs. This research provides a decision‐making tool for estimating the repurpose potential of existing industrial facilities considered for conversion to a biorefinery. It applies well‐established techniques for capital cost estimation of Greenfield biorefinery and pulp mill infrastructure and assets to determine their repurpose potential as a biorefinery. It demonstrates how capital cost reduction is highly dependent on the process technology present in the subject facility. A factored approach is employed to assign valuation to the major capital cost components of a Greenfield biorefinery. Existing facilities are then assessed for their compatibility through an infrastructure and asset analysis to determine an estimated capital percent savings that may be realized through repurposing into a biorefinery. Private and public databases and general facility process designs are used to determine the presence of equipment in each facility assessed. A yes/no analysis is performed to assign full cost to facility infrastructure and assets not present in the biorefinery and no cost to those that are present. This methodology provides an economic valuation tool for facility assessments as a metric for facility comparisons, and may be used to assist in decision‐making regarding the suitability of a facility for repurposing. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
White paper on the study of birth defects
Authors: Khokha Mustafa K. , Mitchell Laura E. , Wallingford John B. 
Published: January 2017

Birth defects are the leading cause of infant death in the United States and among the top causes of pediatric death and hospitalization. Despite the devastating impact of birth defects, we understand little of their etiology impeding progress towards treatment and prevention. Moreover, while surgical interventions have improved survival for many children to beyond their first year, our inability to accurately predict, diagnose and treat the common sequelae of birth defects leaves the economic, social and public health burden of birth defects unacceptably high.An estimated one‐third of all pediatric hospital beds are occupied by a child with a genetic diagnosis, and emerging genomic sequencing technologies provide an unprecedented opportunity to identify the genetic variants, including those that cause birth defects. It is essential that we leverage these advances to enhance our understanding of birth defects. Such an effort will lead to new avenues for treatment and provide benefits to families, including improved understanding of the cause of a child's condition and the risks to any future children.Understanding the genetics of human birth defects presents many challenges, some shared with other pathologies and some unique. This White Paper outlines the need for a birth defect genomics initiative, the challenges to overcome, and suggested solutions. Ultimately, we conclude that understanding birth defects must be a trans‐NIH effort and involve the development of a new type of interdisciplinary team comprised of clinicians, geneticists, genomicists, epidemiologists, biostatisticians and basic cellular and developmental biologists working together in all aspects of the enterprise. Birth Defects Research 109:180–185, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cell‐controlled hybrid perfusion fed‐batch CHO cell process provides significant productivity improvement over conventional fed‐batch cultures
Authors: Hiller Gregory W. , Ovalle Ana Maria , Gagnon Matthew P. , Curran Meredith L. , Wang Wenge 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA simple method originally designed to control lactate accumulation in fed‐batch cultures of Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells has been modified and extended to allow cells in culture to control their own rate of perfusion to precisely deliver nutritional requirements. The method allows for very fast expansion of cells to high density while using a minimal volume of concentrated perfusion medium. When the short‐duration cell‐controlled perfusion is performed in the production bioreactor and is immediately followed by a conventional fed‐batch culture using highly concentrated feeds, the overall productivity of the culture is approximately doubled when compared with a highly optimized state‐of‐the‐art fed‐batch process. The technology was applied with near uniform success to five CHO cell processes producing five different humanized monoclonal antibodies. The increases in productivity were due to the increases in sustained viable cell densities. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 1438–1447. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Initial clinical experience with the GORE® CARDIOFORM ASD occluder for transcatheter atrial septal defect closure
Authors: de Hemptinne Quentin , Horlick Eric M. , Osten Mark D. , Millán Xavier , Tadros Victor‐Xavier , Pighi Michele , Gonzalez Barlatey Francisco , Alnasser Sami M. , Miró Joaquim , Asgar Anita W. , Ibrahim Réda 
Published: January 2017

ObjectivesTo report the initial clinical experience with a novel atrial septal defect (ASD) closure device, the GORE® CARDIOFORM ASD Occluder (GCO).BackgroundTranscatheter closure has become the treatment of choice for secundum ASD. A wide range of occluder devices are available, but concern has been raised about the risk of cardiac erosion associated with rigid devices and future access to the left atriumMethodsRetrospective chart review of patients treated with the GCO at three Canadian centers. Primary outcomes were procedural success and residual shunting at follow‐up, as well as 30‐day major adverse events. Secondary outcomes included new onset atrial arrhythmias, wire frame fractures (WFF), and all cause mortality. Clinical, echocardiographic, procedural data, and follow‐up outcome variables were collected in each participating hospital.ResultsBetween February and December 2015, 26 patients (5 children and 21 adults) underwent transcatheter ASD closure with the GCO and were included in the study cohort. Procedural success was achieved in 22 of 26 patients (85%) and no major procedural complications were observed. Two patients (8%) presented new onset atrial tachyarrhythmia during early follow‐up (0–30 days). Follow‐up echocardiography (median of 119 days [IQR: 92–146]) demonstrated no residual shunt in all implanted patients. After a median clinical follow‐up of 174 days (IQR: 135–239), one patient died of an unrelated cause, there were no documented major adverse cardiovascular events. Fluoroscopic imaging of the device was performed in 20 patients (91%), and WFF was noted in five cases. No clinical consequence or device dysfunction was observed in these patients.ConclusionsIn this first‐in‐man multicenter study, the GCO was safe and effective for ASD closure, with no major adverse events or residual shunt at follow‐up. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Massive perineal defect after radio‐chemotherapy
Authors: Zippi Maddalena , Ramponi Sara , Narduzzi Carla , Alberti Antonio Maria 
Published: January 2017

Key Clinical MessageHerein, we present a rare complication of radio‐chemotherapy. A young man presented with loss of urine from the posterior perineum that showed a massive disappearance. He underwent Hartmann procedure for rectal neoplasia, afterwards treated with intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) (until 67 Gy) and chemotherapy with FOLFOX protocol (Leucoverin calcium, Fluorouracil, Oxaliplatin).
In Situ Construction of Nickel Phosphosulfide (Ni5P4|S) Active Species on 3D Ni Foam through Chemical Vapor Deposition for Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Lin Yan , Pan Yuan , Zhang Jun 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe construction of efficient and robust nickel‐phosphide‐based catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is still challenging. Previous research demonstrates that surface modification using sulfur atoms is an efficient strategy to improve the hydro‐desulfurization performance, owing to the formation of a phosphosulfide phase. Herein, an in situ construction strategy of nickel phosphosulfide (Ni5P4|S) active species on 3D Ni foam through a chemical vapor deposition reaction is described. The sulfuration and phosphorization temperature, as well as the P/S molar ratio, affect the active‐phase structure and the electrocatalytic performance toward the HER. The as‐synthesized NiPS‐500 (P/S=1:1) catalyst exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity and stability in both acidic and basic conditions, owing to the formation of a nickel phosphosulfide phase, the high conductivity, and the 3D macroporous structure of the Ni foam substrate. The produced Ni5P4|S active species is not only the most active HDS site, but also the actual active species for efficiently catalyzing the HER. This achievement provides a novel and effective route to design a high‐performance, low‐cost catalyst with a facile synthesis for large‐scale water splitting.
Microfluidic Paper‐Based Analytical Device for Sensitive Detection of Peptides Based on Specific Recognition of Aptamer and Amplification Strategy of Hybridization Chain Reaction
Authors: Ma Chao , Liu Haiyun , Zhang Lina , Li Li , Yan Mei , Yu Jinghua , Song Xianrang 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this paper, a microfluidic paper‐based analytical device is presented for sensitively detecting peptides based on the specific recognition of aptamer and the amplification strategy of hybridization chain reaction (HCR). The aptamer/initiation strand (AP/IS) was designed for the specific target recognition, and the presence of the target peptide could release the initiating sequence from the AP/IS. The released IS could trigger the HCR between two hairpin probes, which could complete the detection for the targets indirectly when the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) probe (Ru(phen)32+) is introduced into the double‐strand DNA grooves,which could produce a significantly amplified ECL signal output. Mucin‐1 was employed as a model peptide, and the detection limit of the proposed assay is calculated as 8.33 pMwith a range from 25 pM to 50 nM. The novel sensing platform can be widened for the detection of other kinds of peptides as well as potentials used for sensitively detecting other biomolecules, and even cells.
Chelating P2‐Bis‐phosphazenes with a (R,R)‐1,2‐Diaminocyclohexane Skeleton: Two New Chiral Superbases
Authors: Kögel Julius F. , Kovačević Borislav , Ullrich Sebastian , Xie Xiulan , Sundermeyer Jörg 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe linkage of two P2‐phosphazenyl groups through a C2‐symmetric (R,R)‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane (DACH) backbone yielded the new chiral superbases DACH‐P2NMe2 and DACH‐P2Pyr (Pyr=pyrrolidinyl). These bases were prepared by a Kirsanov reaction and studied with respect to their spectroscopic and structural characteristics. Theoretical calculations concerning their basicity properties revealed remarkable pKBH+ values of 38.1 and 39.9 on the acetonitrile scale; this makes them the strongest nonionic chiral superbases known to date.
Effective treatment of high phosphorus pharmaceutical wastewater by chemical precipitation
Authors: Sun Wenquan , Ma Genchao , Sun Yongjun , Liu Yang , Song Ninghui , Xu Yanhua , Zheng Huaili 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe conditions for the treatment of high phosphorus pharmaceutical wastewater using chemical precipitation were determined to achieve high efficiency on the removal of total phosphorus (TP). The key factors affecting the TP removal efficiencies of four metal salts (FeCl3, AlCl3, MgCl2, and CaCl2), such as molar ratio, initial wastewater pH, and reaction time, were investigated. The optimal metal mole ratios of FeCl3, AlCl3P, MgCl2, and CaCl2 for the TP removal were 1.8:1, 1.8:1, 1.6:1, and 1.6:1 in the initial pH range, respectively. The TP removal efficiencies obtained by FeCl3, AlCl3, MgCl2, and CaCl2 were 99.8 %, 98.3 %, 96.9 %, and 99.2 % at the optimal mole ratio and pH conditions with 30 min reaction time, respectively. FeCl3 and AlCl3 had better removal performance on COD, wherein the removal rates of COD by FeCl3 and AlCl3 were 38.6 % and 27.6 %, respectively. FeCl3 and CaCl2 were selected for the combined process of removing TP and overcoming the aforementioned problem. The final effluent quality was better than the one only used on one of the four metal salts, in which the removal rates of TP and COD were as high as 99.8 % and 46.9 %, respectively. The combined process with FeCl3 and CaCl2 was an effective method for the pretreatment of high phosphorus pharmaceutical wastewater to reduce the processing cost and to decrease the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and TP.
Bioequivalence Studies of a Reformulated Dutasteride and Tamsulosin Hydrochloride Combination Capsule and a Commercially Available Formulation
Authors: Kurczewski Renee , Bowen Chet , Collins David , Zhu John , Serbest Gulyeter , Manyak Michael 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA dutasteride 0.5 mg and tamsulosin hydrochloride 0.4 mg combination (DTC) capsule (Duodart®) was reformulated to reduce the capsule size and enhance product stability. Bioequivalence of the reformulated DTC capsule with the commercial formulation was evaluated in 2 single‐dose, open‐label, randomized, 2‐way crossover studies in healthy adult male volunteers. Subjects in a fasted or fed state received a single oral dose of either the reformulated DTC or the commercial formulation followed by a 28‐day washout period between treatments. Blood samples were taken predose and up to 72 hours postdose for pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis of dutasteride and tamsulosin serum concentrations. From the serum concentration‐vs‐time data, a noncompartmental method was used to calculate the maximum observed serum concentration (Cmax) and area under the serum concentration‐time curve (AUC0‐t) for dutasteride and tamsulosin, and AUC0‐∞ for tamsulosin. The 90% confidence intervals for the ratios of the Cmax and AUC0‐t (for dutasteride and tamsulosin) and for AUC0‐∞ (for tamsulosin) were all completely contained within the range of 80% to 125%; therefore, the reformulated DTC capsule is bioequivalent to the commercial formulation under both fed and fasted states.
An Open‐Label, Randomized Bioavailability Study of Alternative Methods of Oral Administration of Naloxegol in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Bui Khanh , Birmingham Bruce , Diva Ulysses , Berger Bruce 
Published: January 2017

AbstractNaloxegol is a peripherally acting μ‐opioid receptor antagonist approved as an orally administered tablet for the treatment of opioid‐induced constipation. Patients with swallowing difficulties may benefit from alternative approaches to the oral administration of the whole‐tablet formulation of naloxegol. This open‐label, randomized, 4‐period, 4‐treatment, crossover, single‐dose study (NCT02446171) evaluated the pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics of crushed naloxegol 25‐mg tablets (suspended in water) administered orally or by nasogastric tube and a naloxegol solution compared with the commercially available 25‐mg tablet formulation in healthy volunteers. The PK profiles for the crushed tablet, whether administered orally or by nasogastric tube, and the 25‐mg oral solution were similar to that of the 25‐mg tablet administered orally. Compared with naloxegol commercial tablets, the relative bioavailability of naloxegol using 3 alternative methods of administration was approximately 100%. For each pairwise treatment comparison of the 3 alternative methods with the approved whole tablet, the geometric least‐squares mean ratio ranges were 94.37%–100.04%, 94.83%–100.44%, and 97.05%–102.05% for area under the curve (AUC), AUC0–t, and maximum plasma concentration, respectively, and their 90% confidence intervals were entirely within the predefined 80% to 125% bioequivalence limits. Naloxegol was well tolerated when administered in both liquid and solid form.
Do the hydrological responses to forest disturbances in large watersheds vary along climatic gradients in the interior of British Columbia, Canada?
Authors: Zhang Mingfang , Wei Xiaohua , Li Qiang 
Published: January 2017

AbstractHydrological responses to forest disturbances are highly variable among watersheds. Climatic factors including water and energy are major drivers that determine the hydrological responses to forest disturbances. Although there are a number of large watershed studies on identifying the role of climate in the hydrological response to forest disturbances (e.g., logging, insect infestation, and fire), they are mainly concentrated on the precipitation effect. Given that climatic factors including both water and energy interact dynamically with hydrology and forest, and accordingly with forest–water relationships, there is a need for understanding the joint controls of water and energy on hydrological responses to forest changes by use of an integrated climatic index. In this study, 6 large watersheds along climatic gradients (Willow, Cottonwood, Baker, Moffat, Tulameen, and Ashnola) in the interior of British Columbia (BC), Canada, were selected for investigating the effect of climate on hydrological responses to forest disturbances at a large watershed scale by using modified double mass curves and statistical analysis (time series cross‐correlation, linear regression, and Mann–Whitney U test). Key results include the following: (a) in watersheds with a cumulative equivalent clear‐cut area of over 30% (Willow, Baker, Moffat, and Tulameen), mean annual flows were significantly increased by about 21–60 mm due to cumulated forest disturbances and (b) mean annual flow response to forest disturbances varied along climatic gradient. The amount of mean annual flow increase due to forest disturbances in energy‐limited watersheds Willow and Tulameen was as 3 times as that in water‐limited watersheds Baker and Moffat. Similarly, mean annual flow changes due to forest disturbances in wetter years were greater than those in drier years as suggested by results from the study watersheds. These findings highlight the need to develop different strategies for forests management in water‐limited and energy‐limited watersheds to minimize or adapt hydrological changes due to forest disturbances.
Donor bone marrow cells are essential for iNKT cell‐mediated Foxp3+ Treg cell expansion in a murine model of transplantation tolerance
Authors: Miyairi Satoshi , Hirai Toshihito , Ishii Rumi , Okumi Masayoshi , Nunoda Shinichi , Yamazaki Kenji , Ishii Yasuyuki , Tanabe Kazunari 
Published: January 2017

Mixed chimerism induction is the most reliable method for establishing transplantation tolerance. We previously described a novel treatment using a suboptimal dose of anti‐CD40 ligand (anti‐CD40L) and liposomal formulation of a ligand for invariant natural killer T cells administered to sub‐lethally irradiated recipient mice after donor bone marrow cell (BMC) transfer. Recipient mice treated with this regimen showed expansion of a Foxp3‐positive regulatory T(Treg) cell phenotype, and formation of mixed chimera. However, the mechanism of expansion and bioactivity of Treg cells remains unclear. Here, we examine the role of donor BMCs in the expansion of bioactive Treg cells. The mouse model was transplanted with a heart allograft the day after treatment. The results showed that transfer of spleen cells in place of BMCs failed to deplete host interferon (IFN)‐γ‐producing CD8+T cells, expand host Ki67+CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells, and prolong graft survival. Severe combined immunodeficiency mice who received Treg cells obtained from BMC‐recipients accepted skin grafts in an allo‐specific manner. Myeloid‐derived suppressor cells, which were a copious cell subset in BMCs, enhanced the Ki67 expression of Treg cells. This suggests that donor BMCs are indispensable for the expansion of host bioactive Treg cells in our novel treatment for transplant tolerance induction.
Nanomaterial Based Biosensors for Detection of Biomarkers of Exposure to OP Pesticides and Nerve Agents: A Review
Authors: Zhang Weiying , Guo Zhenzhong , Chen Yong , Cao Yiping 
Published: January 2017

AbstractOrganophosphorus (OP) pesticides are primarily used as insecticides and chemical warfare agents worldwide. Due to their impact on the environment and health, it is important to develop prompt and accurate pesticide analysis method. This review addresses recent advances and new trends in nanotechnology‐based biosensors for biological monitoring of exposures to OP pesticides and nerve agents. In order to determine them, we have to find the corresponding biomarkers. In 1989, the national academy of sciences (NAS)divided biomarkers into the following three categories: biomarker of exposure, biomarker of effect and biomarker of susceptibility (Figure 1A). The unique chemical and physical properties of nanomaterial have paved the way to new and improved sensing devices, in general, and electrochemical/optical biosensors, in particular. In this paper, background information and a general overview of electrochemical/immunoassay detection techniques are provided. Various nanomaterial labels are discussed. Usually nanomaterials can be roughly divided into nanometer powder, nanometer fiber, nanometer film, nanometer block and so on four classes, such as colloidal gold, semiconductor nanoparticles and carbon nanomaterial (Figure 1B). In addition, we discuss some future considerations and opportunities for advancing the use of biosensors for environmental and health studies.