bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial work characteristics, sleep disturbances and risk of subsequent depressive symptoms: a study of time‐varying effect modification
Authors: Magnusson Hanson Linda L. , Peristera Paraskevi , Chungkham Holendro S. , Westerlund Hugo 
Published: January 2017

SummaryJob strain and low social support at work are recognized risk factors for depression. However, people with poor sleep may represent a high‐risk group more likely to benefit from interventions against work stress. The present study examined whether the associations between these work stressors and depressive symptoms differed by strata of sleep disturbances (effect modification/effect moderation) considering repeat measures of work characteristics and sleep. The study was based on five biennial measurements of the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health, including 1537 respondents recurrently in paid work, from an originally representative sample of the Swedish working population. High work demands, low decision authority and low social support were measured waves 2 and 4, sleep disturbances (putative moderator/modifier) waves 1 and 3, and depressive symptoms (outcome) wave 5. Causal effect modification, whether the effect of working conditions differed by strata of sleep disturbances, was analysed by structural nested mean modelling estimated using a regression‐with‐residuals with inverse‐probability‐of‐treatment weighting approach. High demands and low social support, but not low decision authority, influenced subsequent depressive symptoms. The relationship between social support and depressive symptoms was not apparently modified by sleep disturbances. However, disturbed sleep wave 3 modified the effect of high demands wave 4 (coefficient 1.77, P < 0.05) on depressive symptoms wave 5. The results indicate that high job demands is a stronger risk factor for depressive symptoms in people with pre‐existing sleep disturbances, suggesting that targeted workplace interventions may be more effective when it comes to preventing negative effects of job demands.
Assessing the benefits of napping and short rest breaks on processing speed in sleep‐restricted adolescents
Authors: Lim Julian , Lo June C. , Chee Michael W. L. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryAchievement‐oriented adolescents often study long hours under conditions of chronic sleep restriction, adversely affecting cognitive function. Here, we studied how napping and rest breaks (interleaved off‐task periods) might ameliorate the negative effects of sleep restriction on processing speed. Fifty‐seven healthy adolescents (26 female, age = 15–19 years) participated in a 15‐day live‐in protocol. All participants underwent sleep restriction (5 h time‐in‐bed), but were then randomized into two groups: one of these groups received a daily 1‐h nap opportunity. Data from seven of the study days (sleep restriction days 1–5, and recovery days 1–2) are reported here. The Blocked Symbol Decoding Test, administered once a day, was used to assess time‐on‐task effects and the effects of rest breaks on processing speed. Controlling for baseline differences, participants who took a nap demonstrated faster speed of processing and greater benefit across testing sessions from practice. These participants were also affected significantly less by time‐on‐task effects. In contrast, participants who did not receive a nap benefited more from the rest breaks that were permitted between blocks of the test. Our results indicate that napping partially reverses the detrimental effects of sleep restriction on processing speed. However, rest breaks have a greater effect as a countermeasure against poor performance when sleep pressure is higher. These data add to the growing body of evidence showing the importance of sleep for good cognitive functioning in adolescents, and suggest that more frequent rest breaks might be important in situations where sleep loss is unavoidable.
Replacement of Fishmeal by a Mixture of Soybean Meal and Chlorella Meal in Practical Diets for Juvenile Crucian Carp, Carassius auratus
Authors: Shi Xi , Luo Zhi , Chen Guang‐Hui , Chen Feng , Zhang Li‐Han , Zhu Xiao‐Ming , Liu Xu 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA growth trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of a mixture of soybean meal and Chlorella meal (SCM) as a dietary fishmeal (FM) substitute on growth performance, apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs), digestive enzymatic activities, and histology of juvenile crucian carp, Carassius auratus. Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated to replace 0 (SCM0), 25 (SCM25), 50 (SCM50), 75 (SCM75), and 100% (SCM100) of protein from FM with SCM, respectively. The diets were fed to triplicate groups of juvenile crucian carp for 6 wk. Weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake, protein efficiency ratio, and intestinal digestive enzymatic activities (amylase, trypsin, and lipase) tended to decline with increasing FM replacement levels (P > 0.05). Dietary SCM substitution significantly influenced dry matter content in muscle, and crude protein and lipid contents in liver (P < 0.05). ADCs for dry matter, protein, lipid, energy, and most amino acids showed no significant differences between the control and SCM25 group, but tended to decline with replacement levels over 25%. Higher SCM substitution (50–100%) caused karyopyknosis and necrosis in liver, but intestinal histology did not show noticeable pathological changes. The present study indicated that FM could be replaced by 25% of SCM, without significant adverse growth performance, feed utilization, and histology of crucian carp.
Locality and harmony: Perspectives from artificial grammar learning
Authors: Finley Sara 
Published: January 2017

AbstractHarmony is one of the most researched phenomena in phonological theory, mainly due to its iterative, nonlocal nature. In this review, I summarize several of the key issues in harmony that can be addressed using an artificial grammar learning approach, including differences between consonant and vowel harmony, transparent and opaque neutral vowels, computational complexity of attested and unattested harmony patterns, and morphological and phonetic influences on harmony. The review demonstrates how the artificial grammar learning paradigm can offer unique insights into the representation of vowel harmony and provides suggestions for ways in which aspects of harmony can be manipulated to offer further insights into the still unanswered questions on harmony and phonological representations.
Can monetary policy survive policy model mis‐specification? Model uncertainty and the perils of “policy model complacency”
Authors: Setterfield Mark 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe question addressed in this paper is: can monetary policy succeed in stabilizing the economy even when the policy model on which it is predicated is mis‐specified? Using variants of the 3‐equation macroeconomic model, it is shown that this question can be answered in the affirmative. The purpose of the paper is not to encourage indifference toward model uncertainty, however, but rather to warn against the perils of “policy model complacency.” This arises if the success of policy is misinterpreted as successful understanding of the workings of the economy, which makes the policy maker vulnerable to surprises: events with systematic origins in the “true” model of the economy that are not anticipated by the (mis‐specified) policy model. To safeguard against this problem, policy makers should always entertain eclectic views of the workings of the economy. This task is easily accomplished by paying attention to heterodox macroeconomics, which frequently makes predictions that are very much at variance with those of the dominant policy model.
Gene expression atlas for the food security crop cassava
Authors: Wilson Mark C. , Mutka Andrew M. , Hummel Aaron W. , Berry Jeffrey , Chauhan Raj Deepika , Vijayaraghavan Anupama , Taylor Nigel J. , Voytas Daniel F. , Chitwood Daniel H. , Bart Rebecca S. 
Published: January 2017

Summary

Cassava (Manihot esculenta) feeds c. 800 million people world‐wide. Although this crop displays high productivity under drought and poor soil conditions, it is susceptible to disease, postharvest deterioration and the roots contain low nutritional content.

Here, we provide molecular identities for 11 cassava tissue/organ types through RNA‐sequencing and develop an open access, web‐based interface for further interrogation of the data.

Through this dataset, we consider the physiology of cassava. Specifically, we focus on identification of the transcriptional signatures that define the massive, underground storage roots used as a food source and the favored target tissue for transgene integration and genome editing, friable embryogenic callus (FEC). Further, we identify promoters able to drive strong expression in multiple tissue/organs.

The information gained from this study is of value for both conventional and biotechnological improvement programs.
Airflow limitation severity and post‐operative pulmonary complications following extra‐pulmonary surgery in COPD patients
Authors: Shin Beomsu , Lee Hyun , Kang Danbee , Jeong Byeong‐Ho , Kang Hyung Koo , Chon Hae Ri , Koh Won‐Jung , Chung Man Pyo , Guallar Eliseo , Cho Juhee , Park Hye Yun 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Background and objectiveThe association between airflow limitation severity and post‐operative pulmonary complications (PPCs) among COPD patients undergoing extra‐pulmonary surgery is unknown. We evaluated the association between forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1
) and PPC in COPD patients undergoing extra‐pulmonary surgery.MethodsUsing prospective cohort of PPC evaluation for extra‐pulmonary surgery, we identified 694 COPD patients who conducted PPC evaluation before extra‐pulmonary surgery between March 2014 and January 2015 at a tertiary hospital, Seoul, Korea.ResultsThe overall incidence of PPC was 24.4%. The incidence of PPC in quintiles 1–5 of FEV1
(% predicted) was 31.4, 25.8, 23.7, 21.6 and 19.7%, respectively (P for trend: 0.019). In fully adjusted multivariable models, the relative risks (RRs, 95% CI) for PPC comparing participants in quintiles 1–4 of FEV1
(% predicted) with those in quintile 5 were 1.69 (1.03–2.79), 1.41 (0.83–2.37), 1.26 (0.75–2.11) and 1.30 (0.76–2.22), respectively (P for trend: 0.046). The association of severe airflow limitation with respiratory failure and post‐operative exacerbations was stronger in participants who did not use bronchodilators compared with those who did.ConclusionWe found a progressive and significant relationship between severity of airflow limitation and the incidence of PPC in COPD patients undergoing extra‐pulmonary surgery. Furthermore, perioperative bronchodilator use was associated with a reduced risk of respiratory failure and post‐operative exacerbations in patients with severe airflow limitation.
Subunit‐selective proteasome activity profiling uncovers uncoupled proteasome subunit activities during bacterial infections
Authors: Misas‐Villamil Johana C. , van der Burgh Aranka M. , Grosse‐Holz Friederike , Bach‐Pages Marcel , Kovács Judit , Kaschani Farnusch , Schilasky Sören , Emon Asif E.K. , Ruben Mark , Kaiser Markus , Overkleeft Hermen S. , van der Hoorn Renier A.L. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryThe proteasome is a nuclear‐cytoplasmic proteolytic complex involved in nearly all regulatory pathways in plant cells. The three different catalytic activities of the proteasome can have different functions, but tools to monitor and control these subunits selectively are not yet available in plant science. Here, we introduce subunit‐selective inhibitors and dual‐color fluorescent activity‐based probes for studying two of the three active catalytic subunits of the plant proteasome. We validate these tools in two model plants and use this to study the proteasome during plant–microbe interactions. Our data reveal that Nicotiana benthamiana incorporates two different paralogs of each catalytic subunit into active proteasomes. Interestingly, both β1 and β5 activities are significantly increased upon infection with pathogenic Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 lacking hopQ1‐1 [PtoDC3000(ΔhQ)] whilst the activity profile of the β1 subunit changes. Infection with wild‐type PtoDC3000 causes proteasome activities that range from strongly induced β1 and β5 activities to strongly suppressed β5 activities, revealing that β1 and β5 activities can be uncoupled during bacterial infection. These selective probes and inhibitors are now available to the plant science community, and can be widely and easily applied to study the activity and role of the different catalytic subunits of the proteasome in different plant species.
Clearance of plasma ivermectin with single pass lipid dialysis in 2 dogs
Authors: Londoño Leonel A. , Buckley Gareth J. , Bolfer Luiz , Bandt Carsten 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the use of single pass lipid dialysis (SPLD) for treatment of ivermectin toxicosis in 2 Australian Shepherd dogs with the ABCB1‐1Δ gene mutation.Case Series SummaryTwo Australian Shepherd dogs were presented for treatment of ivermectin toxicosis. Dogs were initially treated with intravenous lipid emulsion and supportive care, without improvement of clinical signs. They both developed respiratory paralysis and required mechanical ventilation. In order to increase the clearance of circulating ivermectin, SPLD was performed using dialysate containing 5% lipid. Blood samples were obtained immediately before and after dialysis and analyzed for serum ivermectin concentration. Ivermectin reduction ratio was calculated at 29% and 39% for each dog, respectively. When compared to intrinsic total body ivermectin clearance, only the second dog had a relative improvement of plasma clearance following SPLD. Both dogs were confirmed to be homozygous for ABCB1‐1Δ gene mutations. Both dogs remained ventilator dependent for several days and ultimately made a full recovery.New or Unique Information ProvidedSPLD may be an adjunctive detoxification strategy for highly lipophilic toxins such as ivermectin.
Seroprevalence and Factors Associated with Coxiella burnetii Infection in Small Ruminants in Baringo County, Kenya
Authors: Muema J. , Thumbi S. M. , Obonyo M. , Wanyoike S. , Nanyingi M. , Osoro E. , Bitek A. , Karanja S. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryTo improve estimates of C. burnetii epidemiology in Kenya, a survey was undertaken in small ruminants in Baringo County, where acute cases of Q fever in humans had been reported in 2014. From 140 household herds selected, 508 (60.5%) goats and 332 (39.5%) sheep were included and an indirect ELISA assay for C. burnetii IgG antibodies performed. In addition, epidemiological information at both herd and animal level was collected. Generalized mixed‐effects multivariable logistic model using herd as the random effect was used to determine variables correlated to the outcome. Overall seroprevalence was 20.5% (95% CI: 17.8%, 23.3%). Goats had 26.0% (95% CI: 22.2%, 30.0%) compared to sheep 12.2% (95% CI: 8.7%, 16.0%). Nomadic pastoralism, goats and older animals (>1 year) were associated with greater risk of C. burnetii seropositivity (P = ≤0.05). Heterogeneity in C. burnetii seropositivity was observed across the sublocations (P = 0.028). Evidence of C. burnetii exposure in small ruminants revealed poses a potential risk of exposure to the people living in close proximity to the animals. We recommended integrated animal–human surveillance and socio‐economic studies for C. burnetii, to aid our understanding of the risk of transmission between the animals and humans, and in the design of prevention and control strategies for the disease in the region.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Smith Robert 
Published: January 2017

Journal of Education and Training Studies (JETS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JETS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 2 Anne M. Hornak, Central Michigan University, USABaraka M. Ngussa, University of Arusha, TanzaniaCagla Atmaca, Pamukkale University, TurkeyDonna Smith, The Open University, UKEbrahim Mohammadpour, Mimos Berhad, IranErica D. Shifflet-Chila, Michigan State University, USAHanan Mohamed Soliman, Faculty of Nursing Mansoura University, EgyptJeyavel Sundaramoorthy, Gulbarga University Campus, IndiaJill M. Feldman, Westat, USAJohn Bosco Azigwe, Bolgatanga Polytechnic, GhanaLeonor Thomson, Universidad de la República, UruguayLorna T. Enerva, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, PhilippinesMarcie Zaharee, The MITRE Corporation, USAMaria Pavlis Korres, Hellenic Open University, GreeceMehmet Inan, Marmara University, TurkeyMeral Seker, Cukurova University, TurkeyNele Kampa, Leibniz-Institute for Science and Mathematics Education (IPN), GermanyNicole Celestine, The University of Western Australia, AustraliaNiveen M. Zayed, MENA College of Management, JordanRichard H. Martin, Indiana University, USARichard Penny, University of Washington Bothell, USASenem Seda Şahenk Erkan, Marmara University, TurkeySimona Savelli, Università degli Studi Guglielmo Marconi, ItalyYalçın Dilekli, Aksaray University, TurkeyYerlan Seisenbekov, Kazakh National Pedagogical University, KazakhstanYi Lu, American Institute for Research, USAYu-Cheng Tang, National Changhua University of Education, TaiwanZachary Wahl-Alexander, Northern Illinois University, USA Robert SmithEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Journal of Education and Training StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://jets.redfame.com
Exploratory assessment of left ventricular strain–volume loops in severe aortic valve diseases
Authors: Hulshof Hugo G. , van Dijk Arie P. , George Keith P. , Hopman Maria T. E. , Thijssen Dick H. J. , Oxborough David L. 
Published: January 2017

Key points
Severe aortic valve diseases are common cardiac abnormalities that are associated with poor long‐term survival.
Before any reduction in left ventricular (LV) function, the left ventricle undergoes structural remodelling under the influence of changing haemodynamic conditions.
In this study, we combined temporal changes in LV structure (volume) with alterations in LV functional characteristics (strain, ԑ) into a ԑ–volume loop, in order to provide novel insight into the haemodynamic cardiac consequences of aortic valve diseases in those with preserved LV ejection fraction.
We showed that our novel ԑ–volume loop and the specific loop characteristics provide additional insight into the functional and mechanical haemodynamic consequences of severe aortic valve diseases (with preserved LV ejection fraction).
Finally, we showed that the ԑ–volume loop characteristics provide discriminative capacity compared with conventional measures of LV function.
AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine left ventricular (LV) strain (ԑ)–volume loops to provide novel insight into the haemodynamic cardiac consequences of aortic valve stenosis (AS) and aortic valve regurgitation (AR). Twenty‐seven participants were retrospectively recruited: AR (n = 7), AS (n = 10) and control subjects (n = 10). Standard transthoracic echocardiography was used to obtain apical four‐chamber images to construct ԑ–volume relationships, which were assessed using the following parameters: early systolic ԑ (ԑ_ES); slope of ԑ–volume relationship during systole (Sslope); end‐systolic peak ԑ (peak ԑ); and diastolic uncoupling (systolic ԑ–diastolic ԑ at same volume) during early diastole (UNCOUP_ED) and late diastole (UNCOUP_LD). Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the ability to detect impaired LV function. Although LV ejection fraction was comparable between groups, longitudinal peak ԑ was reduced compared with control subjects. In contrast, ԑ_ES and Sslope were lower in both pathologies compared with control subejcts (P < 0.01), but also different between AS and AR (P < 0.05). UNCOUP_ED and UNCOUP_LD were significantly higher in both patient groups compared with control subjects (P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that loop characteristics (AUC = 0.99, 1.00 and 1.00; all P < 0.01) were better able then peak ԑ (AUC = 0.75, 0.89 and 0.76; P = 0.06, <0.01 and 0.08, respectively) and LV ejection fraction (AUC = 0.56, 0.69 and 0.69; all P > 0.05) to distinguish AS vs control, AR vs control and AS vs AR groups, respectively. Temporal changes in ԑ–volume characteristics provide novel insight into the haemodynamic cardiac impact of AS and AR. Contrary to traditional measures (i.e. ejection fraction, peak ԑ), these novel measures successfully distinguish between the haemodynamic cardiac impact of AS and AR.
Penetration of Ciprofloxacin and Amikacin into the Alveolar Epithelial Lining Fluid of Rats with Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Ni Wentao , Yang Deqing , Mei Hekun , Zhao Jin , Liang Beibei , Bai Nan , Chai Dong , Cui Junchang , Wang Rui , Liu Youning 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT

We determined the concentration-time profiles of ciprofloxacin and amikacin in serum and alveolar epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of rats with or without pulmonary fibrosis and investigated the effect of pulmonary fibrosis on the capacity for penetration of antimicrobials into the ELF of rats. Pulmonary fibrosis was induced in rats with a single intratracheal instillation of bleomycin. After intravenous injection of ciprofloxacin or amikacin, blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected. Urea concentrations in serum and lavage fluid were determined using an enzymatic assay. Ciprofloxacin and amikacin concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. The mean ratio of ELF to plasma concentrations of ciprofloxacin at each time point in the normal group did not significantly differ from that in the pulmonary fibrosis group. However, the ratio of the ciprofloxacin area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC
0–24
) in ELF to the AUC
0–24
in plasma was 1.02 in the normal group and 0.76 in the pulmonary fibrosis group. The mean ELF-to-plasma concentration ratios of amikacin at each time point in the normal group were higher than those in the pulmonary fibrosis group, reaching a statistically significant difference at 1, 2, and 4 h. The ratio of the AUC
0–24
in ELF to the AUC
0–24
in plasma was 0.49 in the normal group and 0.27 in the pulmonary fibrosis group. In conclusion, pulmonary fibrosis can influence the penetration of antimicrobials into the ELF of rats and may have a marked effect on the penetration of amikacin than that of ciprofloxacin.