bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromosome Microarray
Authors: Anderson Sharon 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Over the last half century, knowledge about genetics, genetic testing, and its complexity has flourished. Completion of the Human Genome Project provided a foundation upon which the accuracy of genetics, genomics, and integration of bioinformatics knowledge and testing has grown exponentially. What is lagging, however, are efforts to reach and engage nurses about this rapidly changing field. The purpose of this article is to familiarize nurses with several frequently ordered genetic tests including chromosomes and fluorescence in situ hybridization followed by a comprehensive review of chromosome microarray. It shares the complexity of microarray including how testing is performed and results analyzed. A case report demonstrates how this technology is applied in clinical practice and reveals benefits and limitations of this scientific and bioinformatics genetic technology. Clinical implications for maternal–child nurses across practice levels are discussed.
Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Chang Hyemi Katherine , Fernandes John , Nair Vidhya 
Published: June 2016

Introduction
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a major cause of acquired heart disease in children, and there is limited information on postmortem findings in the pediatric population in Canada.

Cases
For a 15-year time span (January 2000–March 2015), we had 2 cases of KD presented to the Department of Forensic Pathology at Hamilton General Hospital.

Discussion
There were common cardiac findings including presence of giant coronary artery aneurysms and microscopic changes occurring within the coronary arteries and the myocardium. Evidence of old infarction was present in both heart specimens, but acute infarction was noted in one of the specimens.

Conclusions
This case series documents postmortem findings that outline cardiac complications of KD including aneurysms, thrombotic events, and infarcts. In addition to addressing the medical complications of KD, it is also important to address the psychosocial effect due to its impact on quality of life.
Hanging Deaths
Authors: Russo Maria Cristina , Verzeletti Andrea , Piras Mauro , De Ferrari Francesco 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Hanging is a form of asphyxia caused by external pressure on the upper airways deriving from a band tightened by the gravitational weight of the body. During a 33-year period from 1983 to 2015, there were 260 hanging deaths examined at the Brescia Institute of Forensic Medicine (Northern Italy), which represented approximately 40% of all the asphyxial deaths recorded during this period. Almost all of the cases were represented by suicidal events, 1 case was a homicide event and there also was a case of sexual asphyxia. Eighty-two percent of the victims were men; 18% were women. There was an increasing tendency in the ages between 20 and 60 years, and the highest number of cases was observed in the 41- to 50-year age group (23% of the cases). The most common place chosen by the victim was the home setting followed by isolated outdoor places. The most common ligature material was a rope. The pathological findings were evaluated in all cases.
Atypical parkinsonism – new advances
Authors: Stamelou Maria , Bhatia Kailash P. 
Published: June 2016

Purpose of review
This update discusses novel aspects on genetics, pathophysiology and therapeutic approaches for atypical parkinsonism (progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration and multiple system atrophy) published in the last 2 years.

Recent findings
In terms of genetics, in progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degeneration new risk loci have been identified but also their possible association to disease pathogenesis. In multiple system atrophy, there is still a debate as to whether COQ2 variants are associated with disease, at least in non-Asian population, whereas at the same time evidence of coenzyme Q10 deficiency in serum and brains of MSA patients has been reported. In terms of pathogenesis, the ‘prion’ hypothesis has prevailed in the last years in the literature, and the first clinical studies based on such disease mechanisms are already in phase I. Despite all these discoveries, clinical diagnosis still remains poor, and phenotypic variability is reported much higher than previously thought. A plethora of studies testing possible neuroprotective agents are currently ongoing.

Summary
The knowledge on all aspects of atypical parkinsonism has increased tremendously in the last 2 years, leading the field closer to the understanding of the pathophysiology of these diseases, and to the discovery of a neuroprotective treatment.
Paroxysmal Nonkinesigenic Dyskinesias Responsive to Carbamazepine in Fahr Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Montilla-Uzcátegui Verónica , Araujo-Unda Hilarión , Daza-Restrepo Anilú , Sáenz-Farret Michel , Micheli Federico 
Published: June 2016

Objective
This study aimed to report the case of a patient with paroxysmal nonkinesigenic dyskinesias and Fahr syndrome who had a marked response to carbamazepine.

Methods
We present the case of a 57-year-old female patient with episodes of paroxysmal choreoathetoid dyskinesias in the oromandibular region and distal region of upper and lower extremities, with fluctuating dystonic postures in the same distribution; duration was variable ranging from 30 minutes to 3 hours. Laboratory studies were consistent with primary hyperparathyroidism with bilateral brain calcifications.

Results
Treatment with low doses of carbamazepine was successful.
Actomyosin Dynamics Determine the Extension and Retraction of Filopodia on Neuronal Dendrites
Authors: Marchenko Olena O. , Das Sulagna , Yu Ji , Novak Igor L. , Rodionov Vladimir I. , Efimova Nadia , Svitkina Tatiana , Wolgemuth Charles W. , Loew Leslie M. 
Published: June 2016

Impact StatementIn this study, using a combination of computational and experimental approaches we show that a complex dynamic behavior of dendritic filopodia that is essential for synaptogenesis is explained by an interplay among forces generated by actin retrograde flow, myosin contractility, and substrate adhesion.AbstractDendritic filopodia are actin-filled dynamic subcellular structures that sprout on neuronal dendrites during neurogenesis. The exploratory motion of the filopodia is crucial for synaptogenesis but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. To study the filopodial motility, we collected and analyzed image data on filopodia in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. We hypothesized that mechanical feedback among the actin retrograde flow, myosin activity and substrate adhesion gives rise to various filopodial behaviors. We have formulated a minimal one-dimensional partial differential equation model that reproduced the range of observed motility. To validate our model, we systematically manipulated experimental correlates of parameters in the model: substrate adhesion strength, actin polymerization rate, myosin contractility and the integrity of the putative microtubule-based barrier at the filopodium base. The model predicts the response of the system to each of these experimental perturbations, supporting the hypothesis that our actomyosin-driven mechanism controls dendritic filopodia dynamics.
Land use planning for disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation
Authors: King David , Gurtner Yetta , Firdaus Agung , Harwood Sharon , Cottrell Alison 
Published: June 2016

PurposeThe Hyogo Framework for Action focussed disaster risk reduction (DRR) on land-use planning, with international agencies, research organisations and national governments recognising the importance of DRR through hazard informed land-use planning. This paper aims to examine the roles of planners in reducing hazard risk through settlement design, land-use plans and legislation, and identify shortcomings and constraints towards achieving Disaster Risk Reduction.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses community-based research from Australia, Thailand and Indonesia to discuss land-use planning in local governance frameworks following major disasters, including cyclone, flood and tsunami.FindingsThis paper shows that land-use planning systems are still primarily geared toward promoting and facilitating development and have not evolved sufficiently to take account of DRR and climate change.Social implicationsLand-use planning frameworks for hazard-resilient communities remain disconnected from the emergency management and disaster risk reduction systems. The goal to create disaster-resilient communities through the land-use planning systems requires a fundamental change to the way in which planning is conceptualised and practised. Social equity is also a huge issue where investment focuses on urban development.Originality/valueThe study contributes to an understanding of the opportunities and constraints for land-use planning to enhance climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction through legislation, policies, regional and local statutory planning schemes, enforceable planning and development controls and building codes.
Incentive Perception in Livestock Disease Control
Authors: Gilbert William , Rushton Jonathan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe economic incentives facing people making decisions about infectious disease control have been given due theoretical consideration in the literature, based on principles of economic rationality. Such deductive models provide important tools for generating hypotheses. However, the application of such models in a predictive capacity has been criticised. Simultaneously, empirical studies aimed at quantitative exploration of farmer behaviour have relied heavily on social cognitive models, such as the theory of planned behaviour, without exploration of the epidemiological consequences of variability in behaviour within populations. Advances in other social sciences have revealed systematic biases in human reasoning which cast doubt on the validity of the rational economic model as a generalisation of human decision making. We review the characteristics of infectious disease and disease‐control interventions and the potential for bias in implementation decision making at primary producer level. Specific focus is given to the generation of externalities, both positive and negative; the perception of risk, relating to disease incidence, technology adoption and time preference; and finally uncertainty, and its potential to be moderated by trust in information sources. This information is then used to summarise supplemental psychological constructs which taken holistically may strengthen our ability to quantitatively explore human behaviour in this complex decision‐making environment.
Energy drink consumption is associated with reduced sleep quality among college students: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Faris “Mo'ez Al‐Islam” E. , Jahrami Haitham , Al‐Hilali Marwa M. , Chehyber Noor J. , Ali Sara O. , Shahda Sara D. , Obaid Reyad S. 
Published: June 2016

AimIntake of caffeinated energy drinks has significantly increased, specifically among young adults and adolescents. College students are prone to developing unhealthy eating habits and dependence on stimulants, which puts them at a greater risk of sleep problems. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of caffeinated energy drink consumption and its association with sleep quality in college students.MethodsA sample of 919 randomly selected adults (237 males and 682 females) from various colleges at the University of Sharjah/United Arab Emirates participated in this cross‐sectional study. Data were collected using an online validated questionnaire.ResultsThe current study revealed that 376 students (41%) were consuming energy drinks on a regular basis. Approximately half of the students had normal sleep patterns; the other half had sleep problems (anxiety and intermittent sleep). Results of the present study revealed a significant (r = −0.10, P < 0.05) relationship between the consumption of energy drinks and sleep quality and patterns.ConclusionsModerate consumption of energy drinks was reported among college students. Consumption of energy drinks was significantly associated with changes in sleep quality and patterns of students.
Secular trends in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults in China from 1995 to 2014: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Han Chengyi , Zhang Ming , Luo Xinping , Wang Chongjian , Yin Lei , Pang Chao , Feng Tianping , Ren Yongcheng , Wang Bingyuan , Zhang Lu , Li Linlin , Yang Xiangyu , Zhang Hongyan , Zhao Yang , Zhou Junmei , Xie Zhihui , Zhao Jingzhi , Hu Dongsheng 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to estimate trends in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adults in China.MethodsA systematic search was conducted for studies of T2DM prevalence in adults in China from 2000 to 2014. Pooled prevalence was calculated by a random‐effects model. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. Chi‐squared and Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel tests were used to assess differences among subgroups and pooled prevalence, respectively.ResultsForty‐six studies (data from 1995 to 2014; 1 463 079 adults) were included in the meta‐analysis. The overall prevalence of T2DM was 7.9 %. The pooled prevalence overall and by location (urban and rural), gender (male and female), and age category (18–39, 40–59, and ≥60 years) was 4.5 %, 5.1 % and 3.0 %, 4.0 % and 4.2 %, and 1.4 %, 5.0 %, and 10.3 %, respectively, from 1995 to 1999; 6.6 %, 9.3 % and 5.6 %, 7.4 % and 7.5 %, and 1.8 %, 5.9 %, and 12.4 %, respectively, from 2000 to 2004; 10.3 %, 11.8 % and 6.8 %, 10.0 % and 8.6 %, and 2.8 %, 10.3 %, and 20.0 %, respectively, from 2005 to 2009; and 8.3 %, 12.5 % and 7.6 %, 8.6 % and 8.0 %, and 3.5 %, 8.5 %, and 15.3 %, respectively, from 2010 to 2014. The prevalence increased from 5.8 % to 11.6 % with per‐capita gross domestic product and differed by diagnostic criteria.ConclusionsThere was a trend of increasing prevalence of T2DM in adults in China from 1995 to 2009, with a decrease in 2010–14 and a greater increase over time in urban versus rural areas, males versus females, and older versus younger adults.
Queensland tick typhus in rural New South Wales
Authors: Fergie Bonnie , Basha James , McRae Michelle , McCrossin Ian 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe report five cases of Rickettsia australis infection from southern coastal New South Wales, Australia. All patients presented with a cutaneous eruption of erythematous papules and pustules and systemic features of malaise, headache, lymphadenopathy and myalgia. Acute kidney injury (AKI) was present in two of five cases and one of five cases had acute delirium. Improvement was only seen after treatment with doxycycline 100 mg b.i.d. Positive serology for R. australis was present in four of five cases and a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was seen in one of five cases. Histology showed varying features, from neutrophilic vasculitis to Sweet's syndrome and lymphocytic vasculitis. Recent significant advances in the diagnosis of R. australis infection include an eschar swab or biopsy PCR and isolation of specific Rickettsia on serology. These investigations should be considered in the presence of any of the following features: eschar at site of a tick bite or lymphadenopathy and fever with an eruption of erythematous papules and pustules.
Preoperative hypoalbuminemia is an independent risk factor for conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy in patients with cholecystolithiasis
Authors: Ishizuka Mitsuru , Shibuya Norisuke , Shimoda Mitsugi , Kato Masato , Aoki Taku , Kubota Keiichi 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIntroductionLaparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is regarded as the first choice for patients with cholecystolithiasis, but some patients require conversion to open cholecystectomy (OC) because of inflammation‐related incidents. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the risk factors for conversion to OC in patients undergoing elective LC for cholecystolithiasis.MethodsThis study included 461 patients who underwent elective LC for cholecystolithiasis were between April 2000 and September 2010. Receiver–operator curve (ROC) analysis was used to define the ideal cut‐off values of clinicolaboratory characteristics, and the area under the ROC for conversion was also measured. Univariate and multivariate analyses using preoperative clinicolaboratory characteristics were performed to investigate the most significant risk factors for conversion to OC in patients with cholecystolithiasis.ResultsMultivariate analysis using nine parameters selected by univariate analyses demonstrated that γ‐glutamyltransferase (<20/>20 IU/L) (odds ratio, 8.777; 95% confidence interval, 1.132–68.06; P = 0.038), albumin (<3.8/>3.8 g/dL) (odds ratio, 0.329; 95% confidence interval, 0.127–0.850; P = 0.022), and platelet count (<27/>27 × 104/mm3) (odds ratio, 2.573; 95% confidence interval, 1.048–6.319; P = 0.039) were associated with conversion. Among these three parameters, ROC curve analysis disclosed that albumin (0.705) had the largest area under the ROC (γ‐glutamyltransferase, 0.622, platelet count, 0.536) for conversion.ConclusionsPreoperative hypoalbuminemia is the most important risk factor for conversion to OC in patients undergoing elective LC for cholecystolithiasis.
Impact of a mindfulness‐based stress reduction program from the perspective of adolescents with serious mental health concerns
Authors: Van Vliet K. Jessica , Foskett Allison J. , Williams Jennifer L. , Singhal Anthony , Dolcos Florin , Vohra Sunita 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundWhile studies on mindfulness‐based stress reduction (MBSR) for youth have recently emerged, there is a shortage of research on how adolescents from clinical populations experience MBSR. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the impact of MBSR from the subjective perspective of adolescents with serious mental health concerns.MethodAdolescents (n = 28) from a residential treatment center participated in an adapted 8‐week MBSR program in which they learned a range of mindfulness skills and were encouraged to apply the skills to their everyday lives. At the end of the program and at a 3‐month follow‐up, the youth participated in semistructured interviews in which they were asked to describe the impact of the program from their perspectives. Basic interpretive qualitative analysis methods were used to code the data and to group the codes into higher level themes.ResultsSix main themes were found, including improved mood, enhanced relationship to self, increased self‐control, improved problem‐solving, awareness of the present, and enhanced interpersonal relationships.DiscussionResults from this study suggest that the MBSR program was perceived as beneficial both in the short‐term and follow‐up in several aspects of emotional, cognitive, and interpersonal functioning.
Long‐term evaluation of sinus floor elevation using a modified lateral approach in the posterior maxilla
Authors: Hong Ji‐Youn , Baek Won‐Sun , Cha Jae‐Kook , Lim Hyun‐Chang , Lee Jung‐Seok , Jung Ui‐Won 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the hybrid technique, which was modified from the lateral approach in sinus elevation by combining transalveolar access.Materials and methodsSixty patients (mean age of 53.3 ± 11.6 years) with 105 implants placed in the posterior maxilla with the average remaining bone height (RBH) of 4.3 ± 1.8 mm (range of 1.2–9.2 mm) were enrolled in the hybrid group and followed up for 96 months. The control group included 36 patients with 44 implants placed in the corresponding site with sufficient RBH. Cumulative survival rate (CSR), radiographic measurements in RBH, augmented bone height (ABH), and marginal bone loss (MBL) were analyzed during the follow‐up period.ResultsCumulative survival rate in the hybrid group was 98.1%, which was comparable to the control group (97.7%). MBL of the mesial and distal aspects in the hybrid group (0.28 ± 0.66 mm and 0.41 ± 0.93 mm, respectively) was comparable to the control group (0.84 ± 1.11 mm and 0.76 ± 0.88 mm, respectively). In the hybrid group, the membrane perforation rate during the surgery was 4.5%. ABH was 8.3 ± 1.8 mm after the surgery and maintained consistently during the follow‐up period (7.4 ± 1.9 mm after 4 years).ConclusionThe hybrid technique is a simple and predictable surgical method for simultaneous placement of a dental implant with sinus floor elevation regardless of the RBH.
Repeated exposure reduces the response to impulsive noise in European seabass
Authors: Radford Andrew N. , Lèbre Laurie , Lecaillon Gilles , Nedelec Sophie L. , Simpson Stephen D. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractHuman activities have changed the acoustic environment of many terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems around the globe. Mounting evidence indicates that the resulting anthropogenic noise can impact the behaviour and physiology of at least some species in a range of taxa. However, the majority of experimental studies have considered only immediate responses to single, relatively short‐term noise events. Repeated exposure to noise could lead to a heightened or lessened response. Here, we conduct two long‐term (12 week), laboratory‐based exposure experiments with European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) to examine how an initial impact of different sound types potentially changes over time. Naïve fish showed elevated ventilation rates, indicating heightened stress, in response to impulsive additional noise (playbacks of recordings of pile‐driving and seismic surveys), but not to a more continuous additional noise source (playbacks of recordings of ship passes). However, fish exposed to playbacks of pile‐driving or seismic noise for 12 weeks no longer responded with an elevated ventilation rate to the same noise type. Fish exposed long‐term to playback of pile‐driving noise also no longer responded to short‐term playback of seismic noise. The lessened response after repeated exposure, likely driven by increased tolerance or a change in hearing threshold, helps explain why fish that experienced 12 weeks of impulsive noise showed no differences in stress, growth or mortality compared to those reared with exposure to ambient‐noise playback. Considering how responses to anthropogenic noise change with repeated exposure is important both when assessing likely fitness consequences and the need for mitigation measures.