bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsible Compassionate Care: Meeting the Needs of Patients with a History of Intravenous Drug Abuse
Authors: Hawes Michelle L. , Willegal Kate M. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Vascular access specialists are brought into many difficult situations that stretch their ability to provide appropriate care to patients who have complicated medical and personal histories. In the following case, a hospital was challenged to provide appropriate care while remaining responsible and compassionate throughout the duration of infusate delivery.
Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Experience in Long-Term Home Parenteral Nutrition Patients
Authors: Opilla Marianne 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Parenteral nutrition is administered through a central venous catheter(CVC). Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) are appropriate for home parenteral nutrition (HPN). The objective of this study was to examine a group of HPN patients with a PICC in place for more than six months, and the complications associated with PICC removal. Medical records from one home infusion pharmacy were retrospectively reviewed for PICC characteristics and complications leading to removal. Nineteen adult HPN patients had 26 PICC placements. Total PICC days were 22,262 with a mean of 856 (265–2500) days. Seven PICCs were in place for 3 to greater than 5 years. The overall complication rate was 0.58/1000 CVC days. Catheter related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) was the main cause of PICC removal. There was no evidence of symptomatic thrombosis. Patients experienced no infusion related complications. The PICCs were 88% polyurethane, 65% double lumen, and 54% were 5 Fr. No patient received alcohol or antibiotic lock therapy, and 8 patients had successful alteplase administered at least one time. All patients needed caregiver assistance for site care and dressing changes, but were independent in HPN infusion and flushing. This group of patients demonstrated that PICCs are a viable option HPN administration. The PICC overall complication rate was very low, and the most frequent complication leading to removal was CRBSI. The infection rate of 0.36/1000 CVC days is considered very low in an HPN population. This is the only HPN infusion study to date reporting 7 PICCs lasting 3 or more years, with 2 lasting greater than 5 years without complications resulting in removal. Patients received their prescribed therapy reliably and without interruption with this device. Larger studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of maintaining a PICC for very long-term HPN administration.
Positive Influence of a Dedicated Vascular Access Team in an Acute Care Hospital
Authors: Johnson Devin , Snyder Tom , Strader Derek , Zamora Ashley 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The benefits of reduction in central line-associated bloodstream infections at Banner Boswell Medical Center in Sun City, Arizona, include decreased expenses and increased efficiency, quality of care, and patient satisfaction; improved patient outcomes with proper device selection; 24 hours a day, 7 days a week specialized registered respiratory therapist and lines team availability; standardization of peripherally inserted central catheter and central venous catheter insertions, maintenance, and removal; better workflow; and resource and cost center centralization.
Sexual Pleasure and Function, Coital Trauma, and Sex Behaviors After Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Among Men in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Brito Maximo O. , Khosla Shaveta , Pananookooln Sheewin , Fleming Paul J. , Lerebours Leonel , Donastorg Yeycy , Bailey Robert C. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Background
Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) is effective in decreasing the risk of HIV acquisition. As men resume sexual activity after circumcision, it will be important to study their satisfaction with the procedure, sexual pleasure and function, coital trauma, and risk compensation (RC), which can hamper or facilitate the long-term success of VMMC programs.

Aim
To assess men's satisfaction with VMMC, sexual pleasure and function, coital trauma, and RC after VMMC.

Methods
This is a cohort study of circumcised men who presented for follow-up 6 to 24 months after VMMC. Logarithmic binomial regression was performed to explore factors associated with any increase in the number of sex partners after VMMC as a measurement of RC.

Main Outcome Measures
(i) Men's satisfaction with their VMMC; (ii) sexual pleasure and function after VMMC; (iii) coital trauma; and (iv) RC.

Results
Of 454 circumcised men, 362 (80%) returned for a follow-up visit 6 to 24 months after VMMC. Almost all (98%) were satisfied with the outcome of their VMMC; most (95%) reported that their female partners were satisfied with their circumcision. Two thirds (67%) reported enjoying sex more after VMMC and most were very satisfied or somewhat satisfied (94%) with sexual intercourse after VMMC. Sexual function improved and reported sex-induced coital injuries decreased significantly in most men after VMMC. There was an increase in the proportion of men who reported at least two sexual partners after VMMC compared with baseline. In multivariate analysis, having sex with a woman they met the same day (adjusted relative risk = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.2–2.4) and having at least two sexual partners at baseline (adjusted relative risk = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3–0.8) were associated with the outcome of any increase in the number of partners after VMMC.

Clinical Implications
VMMC can be offered to Dominican men for HIV prevention without adversely affecting sexual pleasure or function. The procedure substantially reduces coital trauma.

Strengths & Limitations
This is the first report of long-term overall satisfaction, sexual pleasure/function and sex behaviors in the context of VMMC outside of Africa. Limitations of the study included the reliance on self-reported sex behaviors, the lack of physiologic measurement of penile sensitivity and the lack of follow up data beyond 24 months, which precludes the assessment of longer term RC.

Conclusion
The study confirmed men's long-term satisfaction with the outcome of their VMMC. VMMC improved sexual pleasure and function for most men and significantly decreased coital injuries. There was mixed evidence of RC.
Distribution and number of Cajal‐like cells in testis tissue with azoospermia
Authors: Hasirci Eray , Turunc Tahsin , Bal Nebil , Goren Mehmet Resit , Celik Huseyin , Kervancioglu Enis , Dirim Ayhan , Tekindal Mustafa Agah , Ozkardes Hakan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe investigated the number and distribution of Cajal‐like cells in patients with azoospermia. A total of 99 patients with non‐obstructive azoospermia were divided into subgroups [19 patientsin hypospermatogenesis group (S1), 40 patients in maturation arrest group (S2), 20 patients in a Sertoli cell‐only syndrome (S3), and 20 patients in a testicular atrophy and fibrosis group (S4)], and 20 patients with obstructive azoospermia group (S0). Sections stained with a c‐kit antibody were studied by light microscopy to determine the number and distribution of Cajal‐like cells in peritubular and perivascular areas of testis. The number of Cajal‐like cells were higher in all the non‐obstructive groups than in the obstructive group (S0: 2.43 cells/mm2, S1: 3.14 cells/mm2, S2: 4.00 cells/mm2, S3: 4.57 cells/mm2, S4: 3.86 cells/mm2) but statistically significantly different (p < 0.05) in the S2 and S3 subgroups only. Distribution of Cajal‐like cells were similar in all groups. The number and distribution of Cajal‐like cells in non‐obstructive groups suggest that these cells may affect spermatogenesis. This cellular type can be responsible for the regulation of cellular motility or spermatogenesis. Electrophysiological and electron microscopic studies are needed to better define morphology and function of Cajal‐like cells in the testis, especially totally the normal testis tissue.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator of 5000 Hz frequency provides better analgesia than that of 100 Hz frequency in mice muscle pain model
Authors: Hsiao Hung‐Tsung , Chien Hsiao‐Jung , Lin Ya‐Chi , Liu Yen‐Chin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTranscutaneous electrical nerve stimulators (TENSs) have been proved to be effective in muscle pain management for several decades. However, there is no consensus for the optimal TENS program. Previous research demonstrated that a 100 Hz TENS (L‐TENS) provided better analgesia than a conventional TENS (< 5 Hz). However, no research compared a higher‐frequency (> 100 Hz) TENS with a 100 Hz TENS. We used a 5000 Hz (5 kHz) frequency TENS (M‐TENS) and an L‐TENS to compare analgesic effect on a mice skin/muscle incision retraction model. Three groups of mice were used (sham, L‐TENS, and M‐TENS) and applied with different TENS programs on Day 4 after the mice skin/muscle incision retraction model; TENS therapy was continued as 20 min/d for 3 days. Mice analgesic effects were measured via Von Frey microfilaments with the up–down method. After therapy, mice spinal cord dorsal horn and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) were harvested for cytokine evaluation (tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐1β) with the Western blotting method. Our data demonstrated that the M‐TENS produced better analgesia than the L‐TENS. Cytokine in the spinal cord or DRG all expressed lower than that of the sham group. However, there is no difference in both cytokine levels between TENSs of different frequencies in the spinal cord and DRG. We concluded that the M‐TENS produced faster and better mechanical analgesia than the L‐TENS in the mice skin/muscle incision retraction model. Those behavior differences were not in accordance with cytokine changes in the spinal cord or DRG.
Robotic versus conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A comparative study of medical resource utilization and clinical outcomes
Authors: Li Yu‐Pei , Wang Shen‐Nien , Lee King‐Teh 
Published: March 2017

AbstractConventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CLC) is currently the standard of surgical procedure for gallstone disease. Robotic cholecystectomy (RC) has revolutionized the field of minimally invasive surgery; it is safe and ergonomic, but expensive. The aim of this study is to compare the medical resource utilization and clinical outcomes between the two procedures. This study was conducted retrospectively by assessing data of the clinical outcomes and medical resource of 78 patients receiving RC and 367 patients receiving CLC. We reviewed the data of operation times, length of hospital stay, hospital charges, outpatient department visits, outpatient department service charges, and postoperative complications, which were retrieved from the health information system (HIS) database in this hospital. Patients in both groups had similar demographic and clinical features. The RC group had longer length of hospital stay (p = 0.056), significantly longer operation time (p = 0.035), and much more hospital charges (p = 0.001). The RC group, however, experienced less postoperative complication rates (average 3.8% vs. 20.4%, p = 0.001). Conversion rate was 1.9% in the CLC group versus 0% in the RC group (p = 0.611). Most complications were mild, and following the Clavien‐Dindo classification, there were two cases (2.5%) Grade I for the RC group; 50 cases (13.6%) Grade I and 14 cases (3.81%) Grade II for the CLC group (p < 0.001 and 0.001, respectively). Procedure‐related complications of Grade IIIa status were encountered in nine patients (2.45%) in the CLC group and none in the RC group (p = 0.002). The RC group consumed more medical resources in the index hospitalization; however, they experienced significantly less postoperative complications.
New azooxanthellate genus of Scleractinia (Flabellidae) from the Australian Cenozoic
Authors: Cairns Stephen D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA new genus of flabellid scleractinian coral,Periplacotrochus, is described from the late Eocene to middle Miocene of Victoria, South Australia, and Tasmania. It differs fromPlacotrochusin having a pedicellate base, and fromFlabellumin having a lamellar columella. Six previously described species are redescribed, illustrated, and reassigned to this genus (P. deltoideusDuncan, 1864, P. corniculatusDennant, 1899, P. elongatusDuncan, 1864, P. pueblensisDennant, 1903, P. inflectusDennant, 1903, andP. magnusDennant, 1904), and one new species is described:P. cudmorei. One species,Placotrochus elegansTennison-Woods, 1878a, is considered as a nomen dubium. A key is provided to the seven species placed in this genus.
THE IDEMPOTENT-GENERATED SUBSEMIGROUP OF THE KAUFFMAN MONOID
Authors: DOLINKA IGOR , EAST JAMES 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe characterise the elements of the (maximum) idempotent-generated subsemigroup of the Kauffman monoid in terms of combinatorial data associated with certain normal forms. We also calculate the smallest size of a generating set and idempotent generating set.
Simple morphological spelling rules are not always used: Individual differences in children and adults
Authors: KEMP NENAGH , MITCHELL PAUL , BRYANT PETER 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTThe English spelling system has a variety of rules and exceptions, but both theoretical and empirical accounts have generally concluded that by about age 9 or 10, children master the morphological rule that regular plural nouns (e.g.,socks) and third-person singular present verbs (e.g.,lacks) are spelled with the inflectional ending–s. In three experiments, however, we found that when forced to rely exclusively on morphological cues, only a minority of primary school children, secondary school children, and even adults performed significantly above chance at choosing the appropriate spelling for novel words presented as inflected or uninflected nouns and verbs. Further, significantly above-chance performance was more common in adults who had attended school until age 18, compared to age 16. We conclude that many spellers, especially those who do not go on to tertiary education, never learn some simple morphological spelling rules, and instead rely on a store of individual word-specific spellings.
Radically filtered quasi-hereditary algebras and rigidity of tilting modules
Authors: HAZI AMIT 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLetAbe a quasi-hereditary algebra. We prove that in many cases, a tilting module is rigid (i.e. has identical radical and socle series) if it does not have certain subquotients whose composition factors extend more than one layer in the radical series or the socle series. We apply this theorem to show that the restricted tilting modules forSL4(K) are rigid, whereKis an algebraically closed field of characteristicp≥ 5.
On Fenchel–Nielsen Coordinates of Surface Group Representations into SU(3,1)
Authors: GONGOPADHYAY KRISHNENDU , PARSAD SHIV 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLet Σgbe a compact, connected, orientable surface of genusg≥ 2. We ask for a parametrisation of the discrete, faithful, totally loxodromic representations in the deformation space Hom(π1(Σg), SU(3, 1))/SU(3, 1). We show that such a representation, under some hypothesis, can be determined by 30g− 30 real parameters.
Microstructures define melting of molybdenum at high pressures
Authors: Hrubiak Rostislav , Meng Yue , Shen Guoyin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHigh-pressure melting anchors the phase diagram of a material, revealing the effect of pressure on the breakdown of the ordering of atoms in the solid. An important case is molybdenum, which has long been speculated to undergo an exceptionally steep increase in melting temperature when compressed. On the other hand, previous experiments showed nearly constant melting temperature as a function of pressure, in large discrepancy with theoretical expectations. Here we report a high-slope melting curve in molybdenum by synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis of crystalline microstructures, generated by heating and subsequently rapidly quenching samples in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell. Distinct microstructural changes, observed at pressures up to 130 gigapascals, appear exclusively after melting, thus offering a reliable melting criterion. In addition, our study reveals a previously unsuspected transition in molybdenum at high pressure and high temperature, which yields highly textured body-centred cubic nanograins above a transition temperature.
Potassium channels Kv1.3 and KCa3.1 cooperatively and compensatorily regulate antigen-specific memory T cell functions
Authors: Chiang Eugene Y. , Li Tianbo , Jeet Surinder , Peng Ivan , Zhang Juan , Lee Wyne P. , DeVoss Jason , Caplazi Patrick , Chen Jun , Warming Søren , Hackos David H. , Mukund Susmith , Koth Christopher M. , Grogan Jane L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractVoltage-gated Kv1.3 and Ca2+-dependent KCa3.1 are the most prevalent K+channels expressed by human and rat T cells. Despite the preferential upregulation of Kv1.3 over KCa3.1 on autoantigen-experienced effector memory T cells, whether Kv1.3 is required for their induction and function is unclear. Here we show, using Kv1.3-deficient rats, that Kv1.3 is involved in the development of chronically activated antigen-specific T cells. Several immune responses are normal in Kv1.3 knockout (KO) rats, suggesting that KCa3.1 can compensate for the absence of Kv1.3 under these specific settings. However, experiments with Kv1.3 KO rats and Kv1.3 siRNA knockdown or channel-specific inhibition of human T cells show that maximal T-cell responses against autoantigen or repeated tetanus toxoid stimulations require both Kv1.3 and KCa3.1. Finally, our data also suggest that T-cell dependency on Kv1.3 or KCa3.1 might be irreversibly modulated by antigen exposure.
Defining stem cell dynamics and migration during wound healing in mouse skin epidermis
Authors: Aragona Mariaceleste , Dekoninck Sophie , Rulands Steffen , Lenglez Sandrine , Mascré Guilhem , Simons Benjamin D. , Blanpain Cédric 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWound healing is essential to repair the skin after injury. In the epidermis, distinct stem cells (SCs) populations contribute to wound healing. However, how SCs balance proliferation, differentiation and migration to repair a wound remains poorly understood. Here, we show the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate wound healing in mouse tail epidermis. Using a combination of proliferation kinetics experiments and molecular profiling, we identify the gene signatures associated with proliferation, differentiation and migration in different regions surrounding the wound. Functional experiments show that SC proliferation, migration and differentiation can be uncoupled during wound healing. Lineage tracing and quantitative clonal analysis reveal that, following wounding, progenitors divide more rapidly, but conserve their homoeostatic mode of division, leading to their rapid depletion, whereas SCs become active, giving rise to new progenitors that expand and repair the wound. These results have important implications for tissue regeneration, acute and chronic wound disorders.
Management of respiratory tract infections in young children—A qualitative study of primary care providers’ perspectives
Authors: Biezen Ruby , Brijnath Bianca , Grando Danilla , Mazza Danielle 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRespiratory tract infections in young children are the most common cause of general practice visits in Australia. Despite the availability of clinical practice guidelines, the treatment and management of respiratory tract infections in young children is inconsistent. The aim of the study was to explore the management of respiratory tract infections in young children from a multi-disciplinary perspective using across-sectional qualitative research design based on the theoretical domains framework and the Capability, Opportunity and Motivation-B model. In-depth interviews were conducted with 30 primary care providers to explore their knowledge, views and management of respiratory tract infections in young children. Interviews focused on symptomatic management, over-the-counter medications and antibiotic use, and data were thematically analysed. Our findings showed that factors such as primary care providers’ time constraints, parental anxiety, general practitioners’ perception of what parents want, perceived parental pressure, and fear of losing patients were some of the reasons why primary care providers did not always adhere to guideline recommendations. Primary care providers also provided conflicting advice to parents concerning over-the-counter medications and when children should resume normal activities. Overall, this study showed that complex interactions involving emotional and psychological factors influenced the decision making process of primary care providers’ management of respiratory tract infections in young children. A team care approach with consistent advice, and improved communication between primary care providers and parents is vital to overcome some of these barriers and improve guideline adherence. The findings of this research will inform the development of interventions to better manage respiratory tract infections in young children.
The dynamic interacting landscape of MAPL reveals essential functions for SUMOylation in innate immunity
Authors: Doiron Karine , Goyon Vanessa , Coyaud Etienne , Rajapakse Sanjeeva , Raught Brian , McBride Heidi M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractActivation of the innate immune response triggered by dsRNA viruses occurs through the assembly of the Mitochondrial Anti-Viral Signaling (MAVS) complex. Upon recognition of viral dsRNA, the cytosolic receptor RIG-I is activated and recruited to MAVS to activate the immune signaling response. We here demonstrate a strict requirement for a mitochondrial anchored protein ligase, MAPL (also called MUL1) in the signaling events that drive the transcriptional activation of antiviral genes downstream of Sendai virus infection, both in vivo and in vitro. A biotin environment scan of MAPL interacting polypeptides identified a series of proteins specific to Sendai virus infection; including RIG-I, IFIT1, IFIT2, HERC5 and others. Upon infection, RIG-I is SUMOylated in a MAPL-dependent manner, a conjugation step that is required for its activation. Consistent with this, MAPL was not required for signaling downstream of a constitutively activated form of RIG-I. These data highlight a critical role for MAPL and mitochondrial SUMOylation in the early steps of antiviral signaling.
Disinfection of Multidrug Resistant Escherichia coli by Solar-Photocatalysis using Fe-doped ZnO Nanoparticles
Authors: Das Sourav , Sinha Sayantan , Das Bhaskar , Jayabalan R. , Suar Mrutyunjay , Mishra Amrita , Tamhankar Ashok J. , Stålsby Lundborg Cecilia , Tripathy Suraj K. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSpread of antibiotic resistant bacteria through water, is a threat to global public health. Here, we report Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles (Fe/ZnO NPs) based solar-photocatalytic disinfection (PCD) of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli (MDR E. coli). Fe/ZnO NPs were synthesized by chemical precipitation technique, and when used as photocatalyst for disinfection, proved to be more effective (time for complete disinfection = 90 min) than ZnO (150 min) and TiO2 (180 min). Lipid peroxidation and potassium (K+) ion leakage studies indicated compromisation of bacterial cell membrane and electron microscopy and live-dead staining confirmed the detrimental effects on membrane integrity. Investigations indicated that H2O2 was the key species involved in solar-PCD of MDR E. coli by Fe/ZnO NPs. X-ray diffraction and atomic absorption spectroscopy studies showed that the Fe/ZnO NPs system remained stable during the photocatalytic process. The Fe/ZnO NPs based solar-PCD process proved successful in the disinfection of MDR E. coli in real water samples collected from river, pond and municipal tap. The Fe/ZnO NPs catalyst made from low cost materials and with high efficacy under solar light may have potential for real world applications, to help reduce the spread of resistant bacteria.