bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early anthracycline‐induced cardiotoxicity monitored by echocardiographic Doppler parameters combined with serum hs‐cTnT
Authors: Zhang Chu‐Jie , Pei Xiao‐Li , Song Fei‐Yan , Guo Ye , Zhang Qun‐Ling , Shu Xian‐Hong , Hsi David H. , Cheng Lei‐Lei 
Published: September 2017

PurposeAs growing numbers of long‐term cancer survivors faced with the cardiac side effects by anthracycline treatment, it is necessary to explore the optimal monitoring method for the early detection of cardiac toxicity.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 82 consecutive patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma treated with chemotherapy. Echocardiographic Doppler imaging‐derived Tei index and mitral annular peak systolic velocity (Sm) measured by tissue Doppler imaging TDI, serum high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs‐cTnT) levels, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by multigated radionuclide angiography (MUGA) were obtained before, after 2–4, and after 6–8 chemotherapy cycles. Cardiotoxicity was defined as a relative reduction of LVEF ≥10% from the baseline or LVEF <50% as measured by MUGA.ResultsFollowing chemotherapy, 24 (29.3%) patients developed detectable cardiac abnormality during the treatment. Five (6.1%) patients' cardiac function changed from normal baseline LVEF to <50% after the chemotherapy. Echocardiographic pulse wave Doppler Tei index (PW Tei index) (baseline 0.347 ± 0.115 vs 2–4 cycles 0.459 ± 0.161 vs 6–8 cycles 0.424 ± 0.139, P = .000) inversely correlated with systolic (P < .001) and diastolic dysfunction (P < .001). Serum hs‐cTnT levels increased significantly following chemotherapy after 2–4 cycles of chemotherapy with anthracycline. The increase in PW Tei index of 0.095 [sensitivity, 69.2%; specificity, 64.5%; area under the curve (AUC) = 0.697; P = .005] and the Sm < 13.65 cm/s (sensitivity, 66.7%; specificity, 71%; AUC = 0.682; P = .009) combined with elevation of serum hs‐cTnT level of 0.0075 ng/mL (sensitivity, 69.2%; specificity, 83.9%; AUC = 0.790; P < .001) after 2–4 chemotherapy cycles from the baseline values can reliably predict cardiotoxicity.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that echocardiographic PW Doppler‐derived Tei index, and TDI‐derived Sm, combined with serum hs‐cTnT level can be obtained in outpatient settings to monitor early cardiac toxicity induced by anthracycline therapy.
Radiation exposure of cardiac sonographers working in an academic noninvasive cardiovascular imaging laboratory
Authors: Velez Michael R. , Orsinelli Maryellen H. , Orsinelli David A. 
Published: September 2017

Background and AimExposure to workplace radiation among cardiac sonographers has been felt to be low, and patient‐related sources have been considered negligible. Sonographers may be exposed to radiation from patient emitted sources as well as external sources in interventional laboratories. This study quantified radiation exposure to cardiac sonographers.MethodsCardiac sonographers, vascular imaging technologists, exercise physiologists, noninvasive nursing staff, and CT/MRI technologists were provided body dosimeter badges. Sonographers were provided dosimeter rings for their scanning hands. Radiation exposure was quantified from the dosimeter data, reported in millirems (mrem) for deep, eye, and shallow exposure, as well as shallow exposure data from the rings. Data were prospectively collected for 63 employees over a 12‐month period and retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe mean annual deep body exposure in sonographers was 8.2 mrem/year, shallow exposure 9.8 mrem/year, eye exposure 8.5 mrem/year, and ring exposure 207 mrem/year. There was a significant difference between body and ring exposure (P = .0002). When comparing exposure data between the vascular imaging technologists, CT/MRI technologists, noninvasive nursing staff, and the cardiac sonographers, there were no statistical differences (P > .23). Exercise physiologists had significantly higher exposure compared to sonographers (P < .03).ConclusionThis single‐center experience demonstrates that, while exposure is low, cardiac sonographers are exposed to workplace radiation, most likely from patient emitted radiation. The finding that radiation exposure from rings exceeded body exposure supports this conclusion. Continued education and assessment of work flow practices should be employed to minimize staff radiation exposure.
Evidence of developmental niche construction in dung beetles: effects on growth, scaling and reproductive success
Authors: Schwab Daniel B. , Casasa Sofia , Moczek Armin P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractNiche construction occurs when organisms modify their environments and alter selective conditions through their physiology and behaviours. Such modifications can bias phenotypic variation and enhance organism–environment fit. Yet few studies exist that experimentally assess the degree to which environmental modifications shape developmental and fitness outcomes, how their influences may differ among species and identify the underlying proximate mechanisms. Here, we experimentally eliminate environmental modifications from the developmental environment ofOnthophagusdung beetles. We show that these modifications (1) differentially influence growth among species, (2) consistently shape scaling relationships in fitness‐related traits, (3) are necessary for the maintenance of sexual dimorphism, (4) influence reproductive success among females of at least one species and (5) implicate larval cultivation of an external rumen as a possible mechanism for environmental modification. Our results present evidence thatOnthophaguslarvae engage in niche construction, and that this is a fundamental component of beetle development and fitness.
Do biogenetic causal beliefs reduce mental illness stigma in people with mental illness and in mental health professionals? A systematic review
Authors: Larkings Josephine S. , Brown Patricia M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractViewing mental illness as an ‘illness like any other’ and promoting biogenetic causes have been explored as a stigma‐reduction strategy. The relationship between causal beliefs and mental illness stigma has been researched extensively in the general public, but has gained less attention in more clinically‐relevant populations (i.e. people with mental illness and mental health professionals). A systematic review examining whether endorsing biogenetic causes decreases mental illness stigma in people with mental illness and mental health professionals was undertaken using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses guidelines. Multiple databases were searched, and studies that explored the relationship between biogenetic causal beliefs and mental illness stigma in people with mental illness or mental health professionals were considered. Studies were included if they focussed on depression, schizophrenia, or mental illness in general, were in English, and had adult participants. The search identified 11 journal articles reporting on 15 studies, which were included in this review. Of these, only two provided evidence that endorsing biogenetic causes was associated with less mental illness stigma in people with mental illness or mental health professionals. The majority of studies in the present review (n = 10) found that biogenetic causal beliefs were associated with increased stigma or negative attitudes towards mental illness. The present review highlights the lack of research exploring the impacts of endorsing biogenetic causes in people with mental illness and mental health professionals. Clinical implications associated with these results are discussed, and suggestions are made for further research that examines the relationship between causal beliefs and treatment variables.
A matter of weight: Critical comments on the basic data analysed by Maestri et al. (2016) in Journal of Biogeography, 43, 1192–1202
Authors: Pardiñas Ulyses F. J. , Cañón Valenzuela Carola , Salazar‐Bravo Jorge 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRecently, Maestri, Luza, et al. () assessed the effect of ecology and phylogeny on body size variation in communities of South American Sigmodontinae rodents. Regrettably, a cursory analysis of the data and the phylogeny used to address this question indicates that both are plagued with inaccuracies. We urge “big data” users to give due diligence at compiling data in order to avoid developing hypotheses based on insufficient or misleading basic information.
Biogeographical crossroad across the Pillars of Hercules: Evolutionary history of Psammodromus lizards in space and time
Authors: Mendes Joana , Harris D. James , Carranza Salvador , Salvi Daniele 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAimTo infer the biogeographical and evolutionary history of the Western Mediterranean Psammodromus lizards with the aim of assessing the role of vicariance and dispersal on the cladogenetic events within the palaeogeological dynamics of the Strait of Gibraltar.LocationNorth Africa and Western Europe.MethodsWe built a dataset including all six species of Psammodromus using mitochondrial (12S, cytb, nd4) and nuclear (acm4, mc1r, pomc) gene fragments. Species tree and concatenation methods were used to infer phylogenetic relationships and divergence times. Phylogenies were used for biogeographical inference using S‐DIVA, DEC and BBM.ResultsPsammodromus probably originated in Iberia, with P. algirus diverging early. The ancestor of the African P. blanci and P. microdactylus dispersed to Africa through the Betic‐Rif massif, c. 10 Ma. The cladogenetic events within Africa and Iberia were probably due to vicariance mediated by habitat and climatic changes at the end of the Miocene (P. blanci and P. microdactylus) and during the Pliocene (P. occidentalis, P. hispanicus and P. edwardsianus). Psammodromus algirus shows three lineages, two in Iberia and one in Africa, the latter originated following a transmarine dispersal during the Middle Pleistocene (1.5 Ma).Main conclusionsOver‐sea dispersal has played a major role in intercontinental exchange and divergence in Psammodromus, with two dispersal events towards Africa that occurred 10 and 1.5 Ma resulting in the African lineages. This study, combined with previous literature, provides compelling evidence that major biotic exchanges took place across the Strait of Gibraltar well before or long after the land connection during the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC, 5.9–5.33 Ma). These findings suggest caution in the application of the relatively short event of Atlantic flooding at the end of the MSC as cause for divergence in molecular clock calibrations, which is a popular approach in literature.
Elevational patterns of non‐volant small mammal species richness in Gyirong Valley, Central Himalaya: Evaluating multiple spatial and environmental drivers
Authors: Hu Yiming , Jin Kun , Huang Zhiwen , Ding Zhifeng , Liang Jianchao , Pan Xinyuan , Hu Huijian , Jiang Zhigang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAimDocumenting the elevational species richness patterns of non‐volant small mammals and assessing the roles of pure spatial factors and spatial structured environmental factors in shaping the elevational richness patterns.LocationGyirong Valley in the Mount Qomolangma National Nature Reserve, located in the southern Himalayas, China.MethodsField surveys were conducted at each of twelve 300‐m elevational bands along a gradient from 1,800 to 5,400 m above sea level (a.s.l). For the pure spatial variables, we calculated area and the spatial null model named MDE (cf. below). For spatial structured environmental variables, we calculated mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, mean annual temperature range, potential evapotranspiration (PET), the normalized difference vegetation index, plant species richness and habitat heterogeneity. Multivariate models of species richness against eight factors (excluding PET) for different species groups were used to test the explanatory power of both the spatial structured environmental variables and the pure spatial variables. In addition, mean annual precipitation and potential evapotranspiration were used to test the water–energy dynamics model for each species groups.ResultsSeven hundred and fifty‐five individuals of 22 species were documented over 21,600 trap nights. The elevational species richness pattern for all non‐volant small mammals was hump‐shaped with the highest richness occurring at 2,700–3,300 m a.s.l. Endemic and non‐endemic species as well as two elevational range size categories of small mammals also generally showed hump‐shaped species richness patterns. In most data sets, spatial structured environmental variables played more important roles than the pure spatial variables in shaping the elevational species richness patterns than the pure spatial factors, while the MDE contributed to richness patterns for large‐ranged species. The water–energy dynamics model explained 66% of the variation in all the non‐volant small mammals, 56% for endemic species, 88% for the non‐endemic species, 59% for the large‐ranged species, and 53% for the small‐ranged species.Main conclusionsAlthough no single key factor can explain all species richness patterns, we found that spatial structured environmental variables correlate well with the elevational species richness pattern of non‐volant small mammals. The water–energy dynamics model was found to explain non‐volant small mammal species richness along the Gyirong Valley.
Global Sensory Impairment Predicts Morbidity and Mortality in Older U.S. Adults
Authors: Pinto Jayant M. , Wroblewski Kristen E. , Huisingh‐Scheetz Megan , Correia Camil , Lopez Kevin J. , Chen Rachel C. , Kern David W. , Schumm Philip L. , Dale William , McClintock Martha K. 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesTo evaluate global sensory impairment (GSI, an integrated measure of sensory dysfunction) as a predictor of physical function, cognition, overall health, and mortality.DesignProspective study.SettingThe National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project.ParticipantsA national probability sample of 3,005 home‐dwelling older U.S. adults assessed at baseline (2005–06) and 5‐year follow‐up (2010–11).MeasurementsGait speed, activity, disability, cognition, overall health, 5‐year mortality.ResultsAt baseline, older adults with worse GSI were slower (Timed Up and Go times: odds ratio (OR) = 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.17–1.50) and had more activity of daily living deficits (≥2: OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.10–1.46). Five years later, they were still slower (timed walk: OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.05–1.42), had more disabilities (≥2 instrumental activities of daily living; OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.23–1.70), were less active (daytime activity according to accelerometry: β = −2.7, 95% CI = −5.2 to −0.2), had worse cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment; β = −0.64, 95% CI = −0.84 to −0.44), more likely to have poorer overall health (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.03–1.31) and lose weight (>10%: OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.04–1.64), and have died (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.19–1.76). All analyses were adjusted for relevant confounders at baseline, including age, sex, race and ethnicity, education, smoking, problem drinking, body mass index, comorbidities, and cognitive function.ConclusionGSI predicts impaired physical function, cognitive dysfunction, significant weight loss, and mortality 5 years later in older U.S. adults. Multisensory evaluation may identify vulnerable individuals, offering the opportunity for early intervention to mitigate adverse outcomes.
Causal relationship between crude oil price, energy consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Ecuador
Authors: Nwani Chinazaekpere 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis study examines the causal relationship between crude oil price, energy consumption and CO2 emissions in Ecuador over the period 1971–2013 incorporating indicators of economic performance. ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration provides evidence of cointegration between the variables in the presence of structural break in the series. The long‐run effect of energy consumption on CO2 emissions in the oil‐dependent economy is found to be positive and statistically significant. The long‐run and short‐run causal effects of crude oil price on energy consumption and CO2 emissions in the economy are found positive and statistically significant, suggesting that higher crude oil prices create economic conditions that generate more energy consumption and CO2 emissions in the Ecuadorean economy. The direction of causality among the variables examined using Toda‐Yamamoto Granger causality test procedure suggests that a unidirectional causality runs from crude oil price to energy consumption and economic growth, and bidirectional causality between energy consumption and CO2 emissions. A unidirectional causality that flows from CO2 emissions to economic growth through financial development is also observed in the economy.
Quality of life related to oral health of patients undergoing hemodialysis and associated factors
Authors: Lira e Silva Jéssica Antoniana , Bernardino Ítalo de Macedo , da Silva José Régis Cordeiro , Lima Tomas Lucio Marques de Almeida , Soares Renata de Souza Coelho , d’Ávila Sérgio 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTPurposeTo evaluate quality of life related to oral health (QoLROH) of Brazilians undergoing hemodialysis and to identify associated factors.Material and methodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted with 226 patients undergoing hemodialysis at two reference medical centers. Participants answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Brazilian version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP‐14). Descriptive and multivariate statistics using Decision Tree Analysis by the Chi‐square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) algorithm, as well as Ordinal Logistic Regression analyses were performed.ResultsThe Decision Tree revealed that the impact on QoLROH could be explained by age (p = 0.002), tooth pain in the last 6 months (p = 0.026), and region of residence (p = 0.025).ConclusionsThe results suggest that being older, living in rural areas, and reporting tooth pain in the last 6 months may influence the QoLROH of patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Re-examining the arterial cord blood gas pH screening criteria in neonatal encephalopathy
Authors: Vesoulis Zachary Andrew , Liao Steve M , Rao Rakesh , Trivedi Shamik B , Cahill Alison G , Mathur Amit M 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveScreening criteria for neonatal encephalopathy remain a complex combination of subjective and objective criteria. We examine the utility of universal cord blood gas testing and mandatory encephalopathy evaluation for infants with pH ≤7.10 on umbilical cord arterial blood gas (cABG) as a single screening measure for timely identification of moderate/severe encephalopathy.Design, setting, patientsInfants born at a single centre between 2008 and 2015, who were ≥36 weeks, had no congenital anomalies and had a cABG pH ≤7.10 were identified for a retrospective cohort study. Maternal/perinatal and patient factors were collected.Results27 028 infants were born during the study period; 412 met all inclusion criteria. Of those, 35/85 infants with pH <7.00 and 34/327 infants with pH between 7.00 and 7.10 had moderate/severe encephalopathy. Encephalopathy was identified on the basis of pH and examination alone (no other perinatal criteria present) in 5/35 and 13/34 infants in the two pH groups, respectively.A cABG pH threshold of ≤7.10 was associated with a sensitivity of 74.2% and a specificity of 98.7% for detection of moderate/severe encephalopathy. Based on these data, 25 infants with cABG pH between 7.00 and 7.10 will need to be screened to identify one neonate with moderate/severe encephalopathy, who might have otherwise been missed using conventional screening, a 15% increase in appropriate selection and treatment over current methods.ConclusionUniversal cord blood gas screening with a pH threshold ≤7.10 and mandatory encephalopathy examination results in greater detection of infants with moderate/severe encephalopathy and timely initiation of therapeutic hypothermia.
Severe asymptomatic rhabdomyolysis complicating a mycoplasma pneumonia
Authors: Gosselt Alex , Olijhoek Jobien , Wierema Thomas 
Published: September 2017

Rhabdomyolysis is a very rare and serious extrapulmonary manifestation of aMycoplasma pneumoniaeinfection. We describe a case of a 47-year-old male patient who presented with progressive dyspnoea, hypoxaemia and cough during the last 3 days. He had no relevant muscular complaints but was diagnosed with severe rhabdomyolysis for which he was treated with hyperhydration. Molecular diagnostics confirmedM. pneumoniaeas the causative agent and our patient was successfully treated with doxycycline.Only a few cases of rhabdomyolysis complicating aM. pneumoniaeinfection have been described, mostly in infants. In this case, typical suggestive complaints of rhabdomyolysis were absent suggesting that the complication might be underdiagnosed.
Posterior meningeal artery DMSO injection resulting in reproducible asystole prior to Onyx therapy of a dural arteriovenous fistula: a previously undescribed variant of the trigeminocardiac reflex or a new phenomenon?
Authors: Crockett Matthew Thomas , Robinson Anthony Ernest , Aneja Harmeet , Phillips Timothy John 
Published: September 2017

We describe a case of reproducible asystole during endovascular treatment of a posterior fossa dural arteriovenous fistula. Catheterisation of the posterior meningeal artery, a branch of the vertebral artery in this patient, followed by dimethyl sulfoxide injection prior to Onyx administration resulted in two episodes of asystole.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of asystole occurring during endovascular intervention in the posterior meningeal artery. This may represent a previously undescribed variant of the trigemino-cardiac reflex (TGCR) caused by chemical stimulation of small areas of trigeminally innervated posterior fossa dura. Alternatively, this may represent a newly identified phenomenon with chemical stimulation of regions of posterior fossa dura innervated by branches of the vagus nerve leading to increased parasympathetic activity and resultant asystole.In either case, it is important to recognise the potential for such episodes in this vascular territory to allow case planning and management.