bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The pregnancy outcome of progestin‐primed ovarian stimulation using 4 versus 10 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate per day in infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilisation: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Dong J , Wang Y , Chai WR , Hong QQ , Wang NL , Sun LH , Long H , Wang L , Tian H , Lyu QF , Lu XF , Chen QJ , Kuang YP 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical outcome and endocrinological characteristics of progestin‐primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) using 4 versus 10 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) per day in infertile women with normal ovary reserve.DesignA randomised parallel controlled trial.SettingTertiary‐care academic medical centre.ParticipantsA cohort of 300 infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment.MethodsHuman menopausal gonadotropin (hMG; 225 iu per day) and MPA (group A, 10 mg per day; group B, 4 mg per day) were started simultaneously from cycle day 3 onwards. Ovulation was co‐triggered by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG; 1000 iu) and gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist; 0.1 mg) when dominant follicles matured. Viable embryos were cryopreserved for later frozen embryo transfer (FET) in both groups.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure was the number of oocytes retrieved. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of a premature surge in luteinising hormone (LH), the number of viable embryos, and clinical pregnancy outcomes.ResultsThe number of oocytes retrieved and viable embryos were similar between two groups (9.8 ± 6.3 versus 9.6 ± 5.9; 4.2 ± 2.6 versus 3.7 ± 3.0; P > 0.05). No significant difference was found in clinical pregnancy rate (58.0 versus 48.7%) and live birth rate per participant (48.7 versus 42.0%; P > 0.05). No premature LH surge and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) occurred in either group.ConclusionsProgestin‐primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) using 4 or 10 mg of MPA per day was comparable in terms of the number of oocytes retrieved and pregnancy outcome after FET. The administration of 4 mg of MPA per day was sufficient to prevent an untimely LH rise in women undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment.Tweetable abstractAn RCT confirmed similar pregnancy outcome in P‐primed ovarian stimulation with a daily dose of 4 or 10 mg MPA.
Drospirenone‐containing oral contraceptive pills and the risk of venous thromboembolism: a systematic review of observational studies
Authors: Larivée N , Suissa S , Khosrow‐Khavar F , Tagalakis V , Filion KB 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundThe effects of fourth‐generation drospirenone‐containing combined oral contraceptives (COCs) on the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) are controversial.ObjectivesTo assess the methodological strengths and limitations of the evidence on the VTE risk of these COCs.Search strategyWe searched CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, HealthStar, Medline, and the Science Citation Index.Selection criteriaStudies were included if they were cohort and case–control studies, reported a venous thrombotic outcome, had a comparator group, reported an effect measure of the association of interest, and were published in English or French.Data collection and analysisWe assessed study quality using the ROBINS‐I tool and assessed the presence of four common sources of bias: prevalent user bias, inappropriate choice of comparator, VTE misclassification, and confounding.Main resultsOur systematic review included 17 studies. The relative risks of VTE associated with drospirenone‐ versus second‐generation levonorgestrel‐containing COCs ranged from 1.0 to 3.3. Based on ROBINS‐I, three studies had a moderate risk, ten had a serious risk, and four had a critical risk. Nine studies included prevalent users, four included inappropriate comparators, four had VTE misclassification, and five did not account for two or more important confounding factors. The three highest quality studies had relative risks ranging from 1.0 to 1.57.Author's conclusionsAs a result of the methodological limitations of the individual studies, the VTE risk of drospirenone‐containing COCs remains unknown. The highest quality studies suggest there are no or slightly increased harmful effects, but their confidence limits do not rule out an almost doubling of the risk.Tweetable abstractSystematic review of drospirenone: best studies show no or slightly increased VTE risk (versus levonorgestrel).
Distribution of invariant natural killer T cells and dendritic cells in late pre‐term birth without acute chorioamnionitis
Authors: Negishi Yasuyuki , Shima Yoshio , Takeshita Toshiyuki , Takahashi Hidemi 
Published: March 2017

ProblemAcute chorioamnionitis (aCAM) is an important cause of pre‐term birth. However, little is known about the pathogenesis of late pre‐term birth without aCAM that was the most common category of pre‐term birth. Here we analyze the kinetics of immune cells obtained from the decidua of women with late pre‐term births with and without aCAM.Method of studyDeciduas were obtained from women who underwent labor with late pre‐term birth without aCAM (PB‐n/aCAM) or with aCAM (PB‐w/aCAM). The population of DEC‐205+ dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, NK cells, CD8+ T cells, and CD4+ T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.ResultsThe number of iNKT cells was higher in the decidua obtained from women with PB‐n/aCAM than PB‐w/aCAM. DEC‐205+ DCs obtained from women with PB‐n/aCAM preferentially induced iNKT cell proliferation.ConclusioniNKT cell accumulation with DEC‐205+ DCs in PB‐n/aCAM suggests that iNKT cells contribute to the onset of PB‐n/aCAM.
Hospital admissions by the oldest old: Past trends in one of the most ageing countries in the world
Authors: Brandão Daniela , Ribeiro Oscar , Freitas Alberto , Paúl Constança 
Published: March 2017

AimTo examine discharges of octogenarians, nonagenarians and centenarians from Portuguese public hospitals, namely admission type, principal diagnoses, comorbidities and length of stay.MethodsThe present study used administrative data from public acute care hospitals in the Portuguese National Health Service. All discharges of persons aged ≥80 years between 2000 and 2014 were analyzed. HCUP Clinical Classifications Software was considered to aggregate principal diagnosis, and comorbidities were assessed using the Charlson Comorbidity Index computed using International Classification of Diseases 9th Revision Clinical Modification codes.ResultsA total of 2 494 924 discharges of persons aged 80 years or older were registered. Most (73.7%) referred to inpatient episodes, of which 73% were unplanned and medical (non‐surgical). Pneumonia (12.2%), acute cerebrovascular disease (7.1%) and non‐hypertensive cardiac heart failure (5.3%) were the most common principal diagnoses among inpatient episodes. Congestive heart failure and diabetes without chronic complications were the two most frequent comorbidities (16.6%), and discharge diagnoses with higher median length of stay were tuberculosis, burns, and infective arthritis and osteomyelitis.ConclusionsThe number of hospitalizations of the oldest old has suffered a significant increase in the past few years, reinforcing the need for healthcare services being prepared to the specificities of the oldest old population. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 2255–2265.
1. INDIA IN A WORLD: DILEMMAS OF SOVEREIGNTY
Authors: BOSE NEILESH 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTAzfar Moin's The Millennial Sovereign: Sacred Kingship and Sainthood in Islam prompts a consideration not only of the histories of Islam and early modern connected histories of Central and South Asia, but also of current debates about local and global history‐writing. Moin's work intersects with a strand of comparative world history—following Victor Lieberman's Strange Parallels—but also engages strands of historical anthropology, bringing to light a range of compelling stakes for global historians, historians of South Asia, and scholars of nationalism alike. Though Moin's work pushes the boundaries of connected histories centered on South Asia, his focus on a trans‐regional millennial science avoids questions of the local within new global histories.
4. IMPERIAL SOVEREIGNTY IN MUGHAL AND BRITISH FORMS
Authors: GILMARTIN DAVID 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTAzfar Moin's recent work on millennial sovereignty in Mughal India prompts a consideration of the evolution of sovereignty in modern South Asia more broadly. Although the sovereign principles of the Mughals differed from those of the British Indian empire, which ultimately succeeded it, these empires shared important similarities in their linking of sovereign authority to visions of a cosmos in immanent interaction with human affairs. This article explores these similarities and differences and speculatively considers their implications for both similarities and differences in Mughal and British principles of statecraft. These similarities and differences provide an important backdrop for thinking about the meanings attached to popular sovereignty in modern India as well.
Childhood predictors of written expression in late adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: a longitudinal study
Authors: Hamsho N. , Antshel K. M. , Eckert T. L. , Kates W. R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackground22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is the second most prevalent genetic syndrome and has a characteristic academic and behavioural phenotype. The primary objective of the current study was to examine the childhood predictors of written expression achievement in adolescents with 22q11DS. Written expression is an important skill that can impact an individual's overall academic performance, potentially resulting in increased levels of stress and exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms.MethodsA total of 119 participants were included in this study. Sixty‐nine late adolescents with 22q11DS and 50 controls (consisting of a combined sample of 23 unaffected siblings of youth with 22q11DS and 27 community controls) participated in a 6‐year longitudinal research project and received neuropsychological test batteries every 3 years. The Written Expression subtest of the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test – Second Edition was the primary outcome measure in the current project.ResultsFindings indicated differences in childhood predictors of adolescent written expression between participants in the 22q11DS group and participants in the control group. Whereas childhood verbal IQ scores predicted adolescent written expression for participants in the control group, childhood executive function and language skills were unique predictors of adolescent written expression in individuals with 22q11DS.ConclusionsChildhood predictors of late adolescent written expression in 22q11DS differ in meaningful ways from predictors in the non‐22q11DS population. These results offer some guidance on the underlying factors that may be useful to consider when developing written expression interventions for children with 22q11DS.
Nodular colloid milium mimicking keloid
Authors: Azimi Seyyede Zeinab , Zargari Omid , Rudolph Robert I 
Published: March 2017

SummaryColloid milium is a rare cutaneous deposit disease that usually presents clinically by the development of yellowish translucent or flesh‐colored papules or plaques on sun‐exposed skin. Histologically, it is characterized by the presence of colloid in the dermal papillae. In this case report, we present a 52‐year‐old man who presented with a nodule on his upper lip that mistakenly was diagnosed and treated as keloid.
Qualitative evaluation of a delirium prevention and management programme
Authors: Kang Yun , Moyle Wendy , Cooke Marie , O'Dwyer Siobhan 
Published: March 2017

Aims and objectivesTo evaluate the effect of an educational programme on registered nurses’ knowledge and attitude in delirium care for hospitalised older adults with and without dementia, and to examine the strengths and weaknesses of the programme from the participants’ perspectives.BackgroundProviding care for patients with delirium or delirium superimposed on dementia often poses particular challenges such as distinguishing between delirium and dementia for nurses.DesignA descriptive qualitative study was used.MethodsA delirium educational programme based on adult learning principles was provided to the participants. A purposive sample of 12 registered nurses who participated in the educational programme undertook individual interviews. Content analysis was conducted to identify unique and common themes indicative of registered nurse perceptions.ResultsRegistered nurses reported improved knowledge and attitude towards the delirium care of hospitalised older adults with dementia and at risk of delirium. Active learning in the programme facilitated the participants’ learning processes. This active learning included deep learning, collaborative learning and application of new concepts to practice. Most participants felt that they had inadequate management support to apply their new knowledge in practice, and this included staff resource and policies and protocols.ConclusionThe qualitative findings indicated that the delirium education had benefited the participants by improving their knowledge and attitude towards the delirium care of hospitalised older adults with dementia and at risk of delirium. This study provided an understanding of the strengths and limitations of the educational programme delivered to registered nurses in South Korea.Relevance to clinical practiceRegistered nurses in South Korea should need not only appropriate education, but also adequate resources, policies and guidelines as well as support from managers and from all other healthcare professionals.
Vertebral Artery Diameter and Flow: Nature or Nurture
Authors: Tarnoki Adam Domonkos , Fejer Bence , Tarnoki David Laszlo , Littvay Levente , Lucatelli Pierleone , Cirelli Carlo , Fanelli Fabrizio , Sacconi Beatrice , Fagnani Corrado , Medda Emanuela , Farina Filippo , Meneghetti Giorgio , Horvath Tamas , Pucci Giacomo , Schillaci Giuseppe , Stazi Maria Antonietta , Baracchini Claudio 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEIn contrast with the carotid arteries, the vertebral arteries (VAs) show considerable variation in length, caliber, and vessel course. This study investigated whether the variation in diameter and flow characteristics of the VAs might be inherited.METHODSA total of 172 Italian twins from Padua, Perugia, and Terni (54 monozygotic, 32 dizygotic) recruited from the Italian Twin Registry underwent B‐mode and pulsed‐wave Doppler ultrasound assessment of their VAs. VA diameters, peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) were assessed at the level of a horizontal V2 segment. Univariate quantitative genetic modeling was performed.RESULTSFourteen percent of the sample had VA hypoplasia. Within pair correlation in monozygotic twins was higher than in dizygotics (.552 vs. .229) for VA diameter. Age‐ and sex‐adjusted genetic effect, under the most parsimonious model, accounted for 54.7% (95% CI: 42.2‐69.1%) of the variance of VA diameter, and unshared environmental effect for 45.3% (95% CI: 30.9‐57.8%). No heritability was found for the PSV of VA, but shared (34.1%; 95% CI: 16.7‐53.7%) and unshared (65.9%; 95% CI: 45.9‐83.1%) environmental factors determined the variance. EDV of VA is moderately genetically influenced (42.4%; 95% CI: 16.1‐64.9%) and also determined by the unshared environment (57.6%; 95% CI: 34.7‐83.7%).CONCLUSIONSThe diameter of the VAs is moderately genetically determined. Different factors influence the PSV and EDV of VAs, which may highlight the complex hemodynamic background of VA flow and help to understand the vertebral flow anomalies found by ultrasound.
Life after LEAP: How to implement advice on introducing peanuts in early infancy
Authors: Fleischer David M 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe increase in food allergies worldwide has led to mounting concern among healthcare providers, families, schools, and the food industry. Of particular interest is the growing prevalence of peanut allergy. The Learning Early About Peanut Allergy (LEAP) study confirms that the early introduction of peanut significantly decreases the risk of developing peanut allergy among high‐risk children. However, a number of issues, such as a unified definition of high risk and whether or not to screen patients before peanut introduction, remain. This article will review the LEAP findings and the new peanut allergy prevention guidelines, and then briefly discuss recommendations on the introduction of other allergenic foods based on results from other food allergy prevention randomised controlled trials.
Effects of Dietary Geniposide on Growth, Flesh Quality, and Lipid Metabolism of Grass Carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella
Authors: Sun Wentong , Li Xiaoqin , Xu Huaibing , Chen Jianan , Xu Xiaoying , Leng Xiangjun 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate effects of dietary geniposide (GP) on growth performance, flesh quality, and lipid metabolism of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (95.2 ± 0.6 g), fed seven different diets, including a control diet; Eucommia ulmoides (EU)–supplemented diet (20 g/kg); and GP‐supplemented diets containing 100, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg/kg GP, respectively. Weight gain rate was significantly improved (P < 0.05) and feed conversation ratio was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) by supplementation of EU. Grass carp fed 100–800 mg/kg GP‐supplemented diets showed significantly higher total collagen and alkaline‐insoluble collagen content in muscle than control (P < 0.05). Contents of total collagen and the alkaline‐insoluble collagen content in the skin of grass carp were significantly increased by dietary 600–800 mg/kg GP and EU (P < 0.05). Fish fed diets containing 600–800 mg/kg GP showed significantly lower muscle crude lipid content than the EU, control, and 100–400 mg/kg GP groups (P < 0.05). Fish fed 400–800 mg/kg GP diets had significantly higher muscle fiber density and lower muscle fiber diameter and serum triglyceride level than the control (P < 0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of GP could improve flesh quality, but not growth of grass carp. The supplemental level of GP for improving flesh quality was estimated to be a 400–600 mg/kg diet.
Re‐evaluating models for estimating prey consumption by leopards
Authors: Lumetsberger T. , Ghoddousi A. , Appel A. , Khorozyan I. , Waltert M. , Kiffner C. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBiomass regression models and associated correction factors derived from feeding trials are essential to convert frequency of prey occurrence from scats into biomass and numbers of prey individuals consumed by carnivores. These dietary analyses form a substantial part of many research projects on predator–prey relationships and human–carnivore conflicts. So far, diet studies of leopard (Panthera pardus) applied the linear biomass model developed for puma (Puma concolor). Recent works, however, suggested that non‐linear biomass models are more meaningful for estimating prey biomass and numbers, and presented a generalized model of biomass consumption for all tropical felids. This model accounted for partial consumption of prey, but did not include ecological factors limiting prey consumption by felids. Hence, using 35 feeding trials we developed a leopard specific regression equation by setting a consumption limit for leopard per prey. This new correction factor takes into account the proportion of inedible matter of prey and daily food intake. Besides refining the leopard specific biomass models, our study also showed the saturation in scat production with consumption of larger prey, which was described in recent studies. A reanalysis of prey consumption by leopards from published diet studies by using our new regression models suggests a significant decrease in estimated absolute numbers of prey individuals consumed. This finding and the higher share of larger prey in leopard diet may affect subsequent analyses using prey profiles, and may affect decisions made in biodiversity conservation and management, especially in the area of human–carnivore conflict.
Differences in bone mineral density between normal‐weight children and children with overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: van Leeuwen J. , Koes B.W. , Paulis W.D. , van Middelkoop M. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryObjectiveThis study examines the differences in bone mineral density between normal‐weight children and children with overweight or obesity.MethodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies (published up to 22 June 2016) on the differences in bone mineral density between normal‐weight children and overweight and obese children was performed. Results were pooled when possible and mean differences (MDs) were calculated between normal‐weight and overweight and normal‐weight and obese children for bone content and density measures at different body sites.ResultsTwenty‐seven studies, with a total of 5,958 children, were included. There was moderate and high quality of evidence that overweight (MD 213 g; 95% confidence interval [CI] 166, 261) and obese children (MD 329 g; 95%CI [229, 430]) have a significantly higher whole body bone mineral content than normal‐weight children. Similar results were found for whole body bone mineral density. Sensitivity analysis showed that the association was stronger in girls.ConclusionsOverweight and obese children have a significantly higher bone mineral density compared with normal‐weight children. Because there was only one study included with a longitudinal design, the long‐term impact of childhood overweight and obesity on bone health at adulthood is not clear.
Clinical Comparison of Extensile Lateral Approach and Sinus Tarsi Approach Combined with Medial Distraction Technique for Intra‐Articular Calcaneal Fractures
Authors: Zhou Hai‐chao , Yu Tao , Ren Hao‐yang , Li Bing , Chen Kai , Zhao You‐guang , Yang Yun‐feng 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveTo study and compare the clinical outcomes of open reduction and internal fixation via extensile L‐shape incision and limited open reduction via the sinus tarsi approach using the medial distraction technique for intra‐articular calcaneal fractures.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of 65 intra‐articular calcaneal fractures treated operatively between March 2012 and February 2015. Patients were divided into two groups: 28 were in the sinus tarsi approach group and 37 were in the extensile lateral approach group. All patients were asked to return for a research visit that included radiography and clinical evaluation. The postoperative function was evaluated using the ankle and hindfoot score of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) and the visual analogue scale (VAS).ResultsNo significant difference was found in demographics between the two groups. The corrected value of the calcaneal varus angle between the two groups is statistically significant (P < 0.05). The overall wound complication rate was 3.6% in the minimally invasive group versus 13.5% in the extensile group. Four patients in the extensile lateral approach group had developed hindfoot varus deformity at last follow‐up. At the last follow‐up, the average AOFAS ankle and the hindfoot score of the minimal group was 88.4 ± 6.6, and the VAS score was 1.9 ± 0.7, while that of the extensile lateral approach group was 83.2 ± 5.6 and 2.3 ± 1.0, respectively.ConclusionLimited open reduction via the sinus tarsi approach for intra‐articular calcaneal fractures could reduce the incidence of wound complications effectively, and the medial distraction technique is helpful for correcting the calcaneus varus deformity.