bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with cognitive reserve according to education level
Authors: Kim Yeshin , Stern Yaakov , Seo Sang Won , Na Duk L. , Jang Jae‐Won , Jang Hyemin ,   Cognitive Reserve Research Group of Korea Dementia Association
Published: September 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe investigated distinctive factors associated with cognitive reserve (CR) based on education level.METHODSAmong 1247 participants who underwent neuropsychological assessment, amyloid positron emission tomography, and brain magnetic resonance imaging, 336 participants with low education (≤6 years) and 697 with high education (≥12 years) were selected. CR was measured as the difference between the predicted and observed value of cognitive function based on cortical thickness. Multiple linear regression was conducted in each group after controlling for age and sex.RESULTSIn the low‐education group, low literacy, long sleep duration(>8 h/day), and diabetes were negatively associated with CR, whereas cognitive and physical activity were positively associated with CR. In the high‐education group, cognitive activity was positively related to CR, whereas low literacy, long sleep duration (> 8 h/day), and depression were negatively related to CR.DISCUSSIONThis study provides insights into different strategies for enhancing CR based on educational background.Highlights
Factors associated with cognitive reserve (CR) varied according to the education level.
Diabetes and physical activity were associated with CR in the low‐education group.
Depression was related to CR in the high‐education group.
Low literacy, sleep duration, and cognitive activity were associated with CR in both groups.
Dementia‐prevention strategies should be tailored according to educational level.
Unprecedented Silver‐Based Hybrid Pyroelectric Enabling Wide Spectral Photo‐Pyroelectricity for Birefringence Photomodulation
Authors: Zeng Xi , Li Fu , Liu Yi , Ma Yu , Chen Yaoyao , Zhou Yang , Zhu Pengfei , Zhang Hongbin , Luo Junhua , Sun Zhihua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBirefringent crystal, which has the capacity to manipulate polarization light, holds an indispensable position in optics and optoelectronics, while it remains challenging to fulfill the modulation of birefringence. Here, we present wide spectral photo‐pyroelectric effect in a silver‐based hybrid pyroelectric, (N‐CHM)Ag2I3 (N‐CHM=N‐cyclohexylmethylamine), serving as a feasible strategy to regulate birefringence through light stimuli. As the first silver‐based hybrid pyroelectric, (N‐CHM)Ag2I3 exhibits strong room‐temperature photo‐pyroelectricity with a large polarization of ~3.23 μC/cm2 and high voltage responsivity of ~0.96 m2/C across the UV–NIR spectral region. Strikingly, the photomodulation of its in‐plane birefringence is established through pyroelectric effect, giving a saturation value of ~1.68×10−2 that is among the highest level achieved to date. This study on the birefringence photomodulation of lead‐free hybrid pyroelectric is anticipated to boost future development of new smart optical and optoelectronic devices.
Reversible Multi‐Complexation of CO2 to Alkaline Earth Metal Ion‐Pair at 400 ppm and 298 K
Authors: Oda Akira , Sawabe Kyoichi , Satsuma Atsushi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe efficient capture of low‐pressure CO2 remains a significant challenge due to the lack of established multi‐complexation of CO2 to active sites in microporous materials. In this study, we introduce a novel concept of reversible multi‐complexation of CO2 to alkaline earth metal (AEM) ion pairs, utilizing a host site in ferrierite‐type zeolite (FER). This unique site constrains two AEM ions in proximity, thereby enhancing and isotopically spreading their electrostatic potentials within the zeolite cavity. This electrostatic potential‐engineered micropore can trap up to four CO2 molecules, forming M2+−(CO2)n−M2+ (n=0–4, M=Ca, Sr, Ba) complexes, where each CO2 molecule is stabilized by interactions between terminal oxygen (Ot) in CO2 and the AEM ions. Notably, the Ba2+ pair site exhibits higher thermodynamic stability for multiple adsorptions due to the optimal binding mode of Ba2+−Ot−Ba2+. Through high‐accuracy energy calculations, we have established the relationship among structure, CO2 uptake, and operating temperature/pressure, demonstrating that the Ba2+ pair site can capture four CO2 molecules even at concentrations as low as 400 ppm and at 298 K. Three of the four molecules of CO2 trapped were removable at room temperature and under vacuum. The findings in the present study provide a new direction for developing efficient CO2 adsorbents.
Anilines Formation via Molybdenum‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Reaction of Ynones with Allylic Amines
Authors: Yu Yi‐Zhe , Su Hong‐Yi , Zhuo Chun‐Xiang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe multi‐substituted anilines are widely found in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry and material science. The quest for robust and efficient methods to construct a diverse array of these compounds using readily accessible starting materials under simple reaction conditions is of utmost importance. Here, we report an unprecedented and efficient approach for the synthesis of 2,4‐di and 2,4,6‐trisubstituted anilines. With a simple molybdenum(VI) catalyst, a wide range of 2,4‐di and 2,4,6‐trisubstituted anilines were efficiently prepared in generally good to excellent yields from readily accessible ynones and allylic amines. The synthetic potential of this methodology was further underscored by its applications in several synthetic transformations, gram‐scale reactions, and derivatization of bioactive molecules. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggested that this aniline formation might involve a cascade of aza‐Michael addition, [1,6]‐proton shift, cyclization, dehydration, 6π‐electrocyclization, and aromatization. This novel strategy provided a robust, simple, and modular approach for the syntheses of various valuable di‐ or trisubstituted anilines, some of which were otherwise challenging to access.
Anodisches Recycling von gängigen Polymeren: Die Kombination von Eisen‐Elektrokatalyse und skalierbarer Wasserstoffentwicklungsreaktion
Authors: Hourtoule Maxime , Trienes Sven , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: September 2024

AbstractKunststoffe sind in unserem Alltag allgegenwärtig, und die Akkumulation von Kunststoffabfällen in unserer Umwelt stellt ein großes gesellschaftliches Problem dar. Daher sind Methoden für das Recycling von Kunststoffabfällen im Hinblick auf eine künftige Kreislaufwirtschaft von hohem Interesse. Insbesondere der Abbau von Polymeren nach Nutzung durch Verbraucher hin zu wertschöpfenden kleinen Molekülen stellt eine nachhaltige Strategie für eine Kohlenstoff‐Kreislaufwirtschaft dar. Trotz jüngster Fortschritte ist der chemische Polymerabbau nach wie vor weitgehend auf chemische Redox‐Reagenzien beschränkt oder durch eine geringe Energieeffizienz photochemischer Prozesse limitiert. In dieser Arbeit berichten wir über einen leistungsstarken eisenkatalysierten Abbau von Polystyrolen mit hohem Molekulargewicht durch Elektrochemie, um effizient monomere Benzoylprodukte zu liefern. Die Robustheit der Ferraelektrokatalyse wurde durch den Abbau von verschiedenen realen Nach‐Gebrauchs‐Kunststoffen, ebenfalls im Gramm‐Maßstab, bestätigt. Die kathodische Halbreaktion wurde weitgehend durch die Wasserstoffentwicklungsreaktion (HER) dargestellt. Der skalierbare elektrolytische Polymerabbau konnte ausschließlich mit Solarenergie über ein handelsübliches Solarpanel betrieben werden, was auf ein herausragendes Potenzial für eine dezentralisierte, grüne Wasserstoffwirtschaft hinweist.
An Atomic‐Scale Explanation for The High Selectivity Towards Carbon Dioxide Reduction Observed On Liquid Metal Catalysts
Authors: Ruffman Charlie , Steenbergen Krista G. , Gaston Nicola 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe low‐temperature liquid metals Ga‐In and Ga‐Sn have previously showcased >95 % selectivity towards the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate, occuring only when the alloys are melted, not solid. Here, density functional theory molecular dynamics and metadynamics simulations reveal that CO2 does not directly adsorb to the Ga‐alloy surface, but instead is reduced indirectly by reaction with an adsorbed hydrogen. The reaction barrier is vastly more favourable when this process occurs at In or Sn sites (average: 0.26 eV), than when it occurs on Ga (average: 0.47 eV). However, there is no difference in barrier between solid and liquid surfaces. Instead, we find that Hads is mobile only on the liquid surface, travelling due to the motion of the liquid beneath. This process drives Hads to In/Sn sites, allowing low‐barrier CO2 reduction to occur only on the liquid. Therefore, the dynamic motion of liquid metal catalysts can underpin their unique reactivity. The result has far reaching implications for any protonation reaction conducted with a liquid metal catalyst.
Optimization of Rhizoclonium hieroglyphicum extract for enhanced synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles using response surface methodology and its potential exploration in biological application
Authors: Swathilakshmi Ammapettai Varanavasu , Geethamala Gunaseelan Vivekananth , Aldawood Saad , Kavipriya Nachimuthu , Kokilaselvi Senniappan , Chitra Pechimuthu , Selvankumar Thangaswamy , Poonkothai Mani 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe study investigates the potential of Rhizoclonium hieroglyphicum as a novel source for synthesizing nickel oxide nanoparticles (RH‐NiONPs) and evaluates its biological applications. Phytochemicals in the algal extract serve as capping, reducing and stabilizing agent for nickel oxide nanoparticles. The process variables were optimized using BBD based RSM to obtain maximum RH‐NiONPs. Characterization of RH‐NiONPs using UV–Vis and FT‐IR spectroscopy reveals the plasmon resonance peak at 340 nm and the functional groups responsible for reduction and stabilization. XRD confirmed the crystalline nature while the stability and size of the RH‐NiONPs were determined by DLS and zeta potential. Toxicity assessments demonstrated the effect of RH‐NiONPs against Vigna radiata, Allium cepa and Artemia salina was low. RH‐NiONPs revealed significant zone of inhibition against the selected bacteria and fungi. The results of larvicidal activity showed that RH‐NiONPs are toxic to 4th instar larvae of Daphnis nerii. Also, RH‐NiONPs efficiently decolorized Reactive Violet 13 (92%) under sunlight irradiation and the experimental data well fits to Langmuir isotherm along with pseudo second order kinetic model. The thermodynamic studies enunciate the exothermic and non‐spontaneous photocatalytic decolorization of reactive violet 13. Thus, the current study assesses the eco‐friendly and cost‐effective nature of RH‐NiONPs along with its biological applications.
Clinical and molecular response to alpha1‐oleate treatment in patients with bladder cancer
Authors: Haq Farhan , Sabari Samudra , Háček Jaromir , Brisuda Antonín , Ambite Ines , Cavalera Michele , Esmaeili Parisa , Wan Murphy Lam Yim , Ahmadi Shahram , Babjuk Marek , Svanborg Catharina 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe tumoricidal complex alpha1‐oleate targets bladder cancer cells, triggering rapid, apoptosis‐like tumor cell death. Clinical effects of alpha1‐oleate were recently observed in patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), using a randomized, placebo‐controlled study protocol.AimsTo investigate if there are dose‐dependent effects of alpha1‐oleate.Materials and MethodsHere, patients with NMIBC were treated by intravesical instillation of increasing concentrations of alpha1‐oleate (1.7, 8.5, or 17 mM) and the treatment response was defined relative to a placebo group.ResultsStrong, dose‐dependent anti‐tumor effects were detected in alpha1‐oleate treated patients for a combination of molecular and clinical indicators; a complete or partial response was detected in 88% of tumors treated with 8.5 mM compared to 47% of tumors treated with 1.7 mM of alpha1‐oleate. Uptake of alpha1‐oleate by the tumor triggered rapid shedding of tumor cells into the urine and cell death by an apoptosis‐like mechanism. RNA sequencing of tissue biopsies confirmed the activation of apoptotic cell death and strong inhibition of cancer gene networks, including bladder cancer related genes. Drug‐related side effects were not recorded, except for local irritation at the site of instillation.Discussion and ConclusionsThese dose‐dependent anti‐tumor effects of alpha1‐oleate are promising and support the potential of alpha1‐oleate treatment in patients with NMIBC.
Immune‐dysregulation harnessing in myeloid neoplasms
Authors: Sharifi Mohammad Jafar , Xu Ling , Nasiri Nahid , Ashja‐Arvan Mehnoosh , Soleimanzadeh Hadis , Ganjalikhani‐Hakemi Mazdak 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMyeloid malignancies arise in bone marrow microenvironments and shape these microenvironments in favor of malignant development. Immune suppression is one of the most important stages in myeloid leukemia progression. Leukemic clone expansion and immune dysregulation occur simultaneously in bone marrow microenvironments. Complex interactions emerge between normal immune system elements and leukemic clones in the bone marrow. In recent years, researchers have identified several of these pathological interactions. For instance, recent works shows that the secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), from bone marrow stromal cells contributes to immune dysregulation and the selective proliferation of JAK2V617F+ clones in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Moreover, inflammasome activation and sterile inflammation result in inflamed microenvironments and the development of myelodysplastic syndromes. Additional immune dysregulations, such as exhaustion of T and NK cells, an increase in regulatory T cells, and impairments in antigen presentation are common findings in myeloid malignancies. In this review, we discuss the role of altered bone marrow microenvironments in the induction of immune dysregulations that accompany myeloid malignancies. We also consider both current and novel therapeutic strategies to restore normal immune system function in the context of myeloid malignancies.
Potential therapeutic effects of apigenin for colorectal adenocarcinoma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ahmadzadeh Koohyar , Roshdi Dizaji Shayan , Ramezani Fatemeh , Imani Farnad , Shamseddin Jebreil , Sarveazad Arash , Yousefifard Mahmoud 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeTherapeutic management of colorectal cancer (CRC) does not yet yield promising long‐term results. Therefore, there is a need for further investigation of possible therapeutic options. Various experiments have studied the effects of apigenin on CRC and have shown conflicting results. This systematic review and meta‐analysis investigates the currently existing evidence on the effect of apigenin on CRC.MethodsMedline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles related to apigenin and its effect on CRC in the preclinical setting. Cell viability, growth inhibition, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest for in‐vitro, and body weight, tumor size, and mortality in in‐vivo studies were extracted as outcomes.ResultsThirty‐nine articles investigating colorectal adenocarcinoma were included in this meta‐analysis. Thirty‐seven of these studies had data for in vitro experiments, with eight studies having data for in vivo experiments. Six articles had both in vitro and in vivo assessments. Our analysis showed apigenin reduces cell viability and induces growth inhibition, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in in vitro studies. The few in vivo studies indicate that apigenin decreases tumor size while showing no effects on the body weight of animal colorectal adenocarcinoma models.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that apigenin, through reducing cell viability, inducing growth inhibition, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest, and also by decreasing the tumor size, can be considered as a possible adjuvant agent in the management of colorectal adenocarcinoma. However, further in vivo studies are needed before any efforts to translate the current evidence into clinical studies.
Radiomic prediction for durable response to high‐dose methotrexate‐based chemotherapy in primary central nervous system lymphoma
Authors: Li Haoyi , Xiong Mingming , Li Ming , Sun Caixia , Zheng Dao , Yuan Leilei , Chen Qian , Lin Song , Liu Zhenyu , Ren Xiaohui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe rarity of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and treatment heterogeneity contributes to a lack of prognostic models for evaluating posttreatment remission. This study aimed to develop and validate radiomic‐based models to predict the durable response (DR) to high‐dose methotrexate (HD‐MTX)‐based chemotherapy in PCNSL patients.MethodsA total of 159 patients pathologically diagnosed with PCNSL between 2011 and 2021 across two institutions were enrolled. According to the NCCN guidelines, the DR was defined as the remission lasting ≥1 year after receiving HD‐MTX‐based chemotherapy. For each patient, a total of 1218 radiomic features were extracted from prebiopsy T1 contrast‐enhanced MR images. Multiple machine‐learning algorithms were utilized for feature selection and classification to build a radiomic signature. The radiomic‐clinical integrated models were developed using the random forest method. Model performance was externally validated to verify its clinical utility.ResultsA total of 105 PCNSL patients were enrolled after excluding 54 cases with ineligibility. The training and validation cohorts comprised 76 and 29 individuals, respectively. Among them, 65 patients achieved DR. The radiomic signature, consisting of 8 selected features, demonstrated strong predictive performance, with area under the curves of 0.994 in training cohort and 0.913 in validation cohort. This signature was independently associated with the DR in both cohorts. Both the radiomic signature and integrated models significantly outperformed the clinical models in two cohorts. Decision curve analysis underscored the clinical utility of the established models.ConclusionsThis radiomic signature and integrated models have the potential to accurately predict the DR to HD‐MTX‐based chemotherapy in PCNSL patients, providing valuable therapeutic insights.
Clinical relevance and druggability of sole reciprocal kinase fusions: A large‐scale study
Authors: Feng Jiao , Ma Tonghui , Wang Chunyang , Wang Baoming , Liu Qian , Liu Zhengchuang , Tao Houquan , Ye Zaiyuan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundBuilding on our prior work that RNA alternative splicing modulates the druggability of kinase fusions, this study probes the clinical significance of sole reciprocal fusions. These rare genomic arrangements, despite lacking kinase domains at the DNA level, demonstrated potential RNA‐level druggability in sporadic cases from our prior research.MethodsUtilizing the large‐scale multicenter approach, we performed RNA sequencing and clinical follow‐up to evaluate a broad spectrum of kinase fusions, including ALK, ROS1, RET, BRAF, NTRK, MET, NRG1, and EGFR, in 1943 patients.ResultsOur findings revealed 51 instances (2.57%) of sole reciprocal fusions, predominantly in lung (57%), colorectal (14%), and glioma (10%) cancers. Comparative analysis with an MSKCC cohort confirmed the prevalence in diverse cancer types and identified unique fusion partners and chromosomal locales. Cross‐validation through RNA‐NGS and FISH authenticated the existence of functional kinase domains in subsets including ALK, ROS1, RET, and BRAF, which correlated with positive clinical responses to targeted kinase inhibitors (KIs). Conversely, fusions involving EGFR, NRG1, and NTRK1/2/3 generated nonfunctional transcripts, suggesting the need for alternative therapeutic interventions.ConclusionThis inaugural multicenter study introduces a novel algorithm for detecting and treating sole reciprocal fusions in advanced cancers, expanding the patient population potentially amenable to KIs.
Recent Advances of Light/Hypoxia‐Responsive Azobenzene in Nanomedicine Design
Authors: Zhao Yu , Huang Qingqing , Liu Yang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAzobenzene (Azo) and its derivatives are versatile stimuli‐responsive molecules. Their reversible photoisomerization and susceptibility to reduction‐mediated cleavage make them valuable for various biomedical applications. Upon exposure to the UV light, Azo units undergo a thermodynamically stable trans‐to‐cis transition, which can be reversed by heating in the dark or irradiation with visible light. Additionally, the N=N bonds in azobenzenes can be cleaved under hypoxic conditions by azoreductase, making azobenzenes useful as hypoxia‐responsive linkers. The integration of azobenzenes into nanomedicines holds promise for enhancing therapeutic efficacy, particularly in tumor targeting and controllable drug release. In this Concept paper, recent advances in the design and applications of azobenzene‐based nanomedicines are updated, and future development opportunities are also summarized.
Impact of commissural alignment on the hemodynamic performance of supra‐annular self‐expandable transcatheter aortic valves
Authors: Amat‐Santos Ignacio J. , Gómez‐Herrero Javier , Pinon Pablo , Nombela‐Franco Luis , Moreno Raúl , Munoz‐García Antonio J. , Redondo Alfredo , Gómez‐Menchero Antonio , Gómez‐Salvador Itziar , San Román J. Alberto 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundHemodynamic impact of commissural alignment (CA) with self‐expandable transcatheter aortic valves (TAVR) has not been investigated yet.AimsTo determine hemodynamic impact of CA with self‐expandable TAVR.MethodsMulticentric ambispective study comparing patients who underwent self‐expandable TAVR in seven centers with the Evolut Pro/Pro+ (EP) (Medtronic) and Acurate neo2 (AN2) (Boston Scientific) with and without CA strategies. The degree of commissural misalignment (CMA) was assessed by computed tomography/angiography and 1‐year transvalvular gradients/regurgitation evaluated by echocardiography. A matched comparison according to annular dimensions/eccentricity, prosthesis size/type, and baseline left ventricular function and gradients was performed.ResultsA total of 557 patients, mean age 80.7 ± 6.6 years, 61.4% men, and STS score of 4.3 ± 3.1% were analyzed. A CA technique was attempted in 215 patients (38.6%), including 113 patients with AN2 and 102 patients with EP. None/mild CMA was found in 158 (73.5% vs. 43.6% if no CA attempted, p < 0.001) with no differences between devices (AN2:75.2%; EP:71.6%, p = 0.545). Patients with moderate/severe CMA had a greater aortic peak gradient (22.3 ± 8.7 vs. 19.7 ± 8.5, p = 0.001), significantly greater progression of both peak (p = 0.002) and mean gradients (p = 0.001) after matching, and higher rate of central aortic regurgitation (1.2% vs. 0.4%, p = 0.005) at 1‐year, but not a greater proportion of patients with mean gradient ≥ 10 mmHg.ConclusionsThe use of CA strategies significantly reduced the rate of CMA for the self‐expandable TAVR devices ACN2 and EP which was associated to lower transvalvular gradients and intra‐prosthetic regurgitation progression at 1‐year although no criteria of structural deterioration were met at this follow up. Clinicaltrials.org: NCT05097183.