bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near-infrared studies of the carbon monoxide and dust-forming Nova V5668 Sgr
Authors: Banerjee D. P. K. , Srivastava Mudit K. , Ashok N. M. , Venkataraman V. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
We present near-infrared (NIR) observations of Nova V5668 Sgr, discovered in outburst on 2015 March 15.634 ut, between 2 and 107 d after outburst. NIR spectral features are used to classify it as a Fe ii class of nova. The spectra follow the evolution of the spectral lines from a P Cygni stage to a pure emission phase where the shape of the profiles suggests the presence of a bipolar flow. A notable feature is the presence of carbon monoxide first overtone bands which are seen in emission. The CO emission is modelled to make estimates of the mass, temperature and column density to be (0.5–2.0) × 10−8 M⊙, 4000 ± 300 K and (0.36–1.94) × 1019 cm−2, respectively. The 12C/13C ratio is estimated to be ∼1.5. V5668 Sgr was a strong dust producer exhibiting the classical deep dip in its optical light curve during dust formation. Analysis of the dust SED yields a dust mass of 2.7 × 10-7 M⊙, a blackbody angular diameter of the dust shell of 42 mas and a distance estimate to the nova of 1.54 kpc which agrees with estimates made from MMRD relations.
Initial Correction Rate Can be Predictive of the Outcome of Brace Treatment in Patients With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Xu Leilei , Qin Xiaodong , Qiu Yong , Zhu Zezhang 
Published: November 2015

Study Design:
A retrospective study.

Objective:
To determine the definite cut-off value of initial correction rate (ICR) that could be predictive of bracing outcome in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Summary of Background Data:
Earlier studies showed that braced patients with a better ICR could finally have a higher probability of successful outcome. However, it remains controversial what definitive cut-off value of ICR is required to accurately predict the outcome.

Materials and Methods:
A cohort of 488 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients who have completed the brace treatment with a minimum of 2-year follow-up were included in the current study. Curve progression of ≤5 degrees was used to define the success of brace treatment. The success group and the failure group were compared in terms of initial Risser sign, initial age, sex, curve pattern, initial curve magnitude, and ICR. The receiver operating characteristics curve was used to define the definite cut-off point of initial curve correction rate. A logistic regression model was created to determine the independent predictors of the bracing outcome.

Results:
At the beginning of brace treatment, the mean age of the cohort was 13.2±1.5 years, and the mean curve magnitude was 29.5 ± 6.6 degrees. At the final follow-up, 368 patients were successfully treated by bracing. Compared with the success group, the failure group was found to have significantly younger age, lower Risser sign, and lower ICR. According to the receiver operating characteristic curve, the best cut-off value of ICR was 10%. The logistic regression model showed that ICR was significantly associated with the outcome of brace treatment with an odds ratio of 9.61.

Conclusions:
Patients with low ICR, low Risser sign, and young age could have a remarkably high risk of bracing failure. A rate of 10% was the optimal cut-off point for ICR, which can be used to effectively stratify braced patients.
Impact of Anemia and Transfusion on Readmission and Length of Stay After Spinal Surgery
Authors: Khanna Ryan , Harris Dominic A. , McDevitt Joseph L. , Fessler Richard G. , Carabini Louanne M. , Lam Sandi K. , Dahdaleh Nader S. , Smith Zachary A. 
Published: November 2015

Study Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Objective:
To determine whether receipt of blood transfusion and preoperative anemia are associated with increased rates of 30-day all-cause readmission, and secondarily with a prolonged hospital stay after spinal surgery.

Summary of Background Data:
Increased focus on health care quality has led to efforts to determine postsurgical readmission rates and predictors of length of postoperative hospital stay. Although there are still no defined outcome measures specific to spinal surgery to which providers are held accountable, efforts to identify appropriate measures and to determine modifiable risk factors to optimize quality are ongoing.

Methods:
Records from 1187 consecutive spinal surgeries at Northwestern Memorial Hospital in 2010 were retrospectively reviewed and data were collected that described the patient, surgical procedure, hospital course, complications, and readmissions. Presence or absence of transfusion during the surgery and associated hospital course was treated as a binary variable. Multivariate negative binomial regression and logistic regression were used to model length of stay and readmission, respectively.

Results:
Nearly one fifth (17.8%) of surgeries received transfusions, and the overall readmission rate was 6.1%. After controlling for potential confounders, we found that the presence of a transfusion was associated with a 60% longer hospital stay [adjusted incidence rate ratio=1.60 (1.34–1.91), P<0.001], but was not significantly associated with an increased rate of readmission [adjusted odds ratio=0.81 (0.39–1.70), P=0.582]. Any degree of preoperative anemia was associated with increased length of stay, but only severe anemia was associated with an increased rate of readmission.

Conclusions:
Both receipt of blood transfusion and any degree of preoperative anemia were associated with increased length of hospital stay after controlling for other variables. Severe anemia, but not receipt of blood transfusion, was associated with increased rate of readmission. Our findings may help define actions to reduce length of stay and decrease rates of readmission.
Predictors of Antenatal Psychosocial Stress in Taiwanese Women
Authors: Chang Hsing-Chi , Chen Shu-Yueh , Chen Chung-Hey 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

Background:
Antenatal stress has been associated with adverse outcomes in mothers and their children. However, little research has been conducted to identify the factors associated with psychosocial stress in pregnant women.

Purpose:
This study explored the predictors of psychosocial stress during pregnancy.

Methods:
A convenience sample of 136 second-trimester and 164 third-trimester pregnant women were recruited from a medical center in southern Taiwan. Data were collected using a demographic form, Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale (PSRS), Edinburgh Prenatal Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Maternal–Fetal Attachment Scale, and Interpersonal Support Evaluation List.

Results:
The results of this study found positive correlations between PSRS and both Edinburgh Prenatal Depression Scale (r = .368, p < .01) and Maternal–Fetal Attachment Scale (r = .168, p < .01) and negative correlations between PSRS and both gravidity (r = −.137, p < .05) and Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (r = −.266, p < .01). Higher pregnancy stress was predicted by depression, lower social support, maternal–fetal attachment, and primigravid status, which together explained 20% of the total variance.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice:
Depression, social support, maternal–fetal attachment, and gravidity are discrete predictive factors of psychosocial stress in pregnant women. These findings add to existing knowledge of the factors associated with prenatal stress. Future research should include depression in a support model of antenatal stress management.
The Initial Development of a Checklist for Assessing Thirst in Patients With Advanced Dementia
Authors: Yang Ya-Ping , Wang Chi-Jane , Wang Jing-Jy 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

Background:
Patients with advanced dementia (PwAD) often have difficulty expressing their needs verbally because of cognitive impairments. PwAD thus often communicate these needs through behaviors and psychological symptoms. Understanding the behavioral characteristics of certain needs is critical for caregivers and clinicians when caring for PwAD.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to develop a checklist that may be used to assess the thirst status of PwAD.

Methods:
A mixed method design was used. The checklist was developed using qualitative interviews and surveys. The initial items were developed through interviews with 10 professional nurses who were caring for PwAD. Four experts in dementia assessed the content validity of these items. PwAD caregivers from eight facilities were then invited to complete the checklist based on their current PwAD patient care experience. Data obtained in this study were analyzed with regard to content validity, interrater reliability, internal consistency, and exploratory factor analysis.

Results:
The content validity of the initial 18 items was .96, interrater reliability was −.33 to 1, and internal consistency reliability was .52. Exploratory factor analysis identified seven checklist items, including repetitive movements, squirming, restlessness or anxiety, persistent or unreasonable demands, pacing back and forth, repeating a sentence or question without purpose, and slow reaction. The factor loadings of these seven items accounted for 49.3% of the total variance. The reassessed internal consistency reliability was .66.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice:
Caregivers may use this checklist as an aid to identify the thirst or fluid needs of PwAD who are unable to communicate their needs effectively.
Exploring the Relationship Between Illness Perceptions and Negative Emotions in Relatives of People With Schizophrenia Within the Context of an Affiliate Stigma Model
Authors: Huang Chien-Hao , Li Shih-Ming , Shu Bih-Ching 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

Background:
Stigma affects patients with schizophrenia and may influence perceptions of the illness, which may affect how family members interact with and care for these patients.

Purpose:
The aims of this study were to (a) explore the relationship between perceptions of schizophrenia and the negative emotions of family members within the context of an affiliate stigma model, and (b) validate the proposed affiliate stigma model.

Methods:
A cross-sectional design was used. Eligibility for participation was limited to the relatives of patients with schizophrenia. The participants were recruited from two regional psychiatric hospitals in central Taiwan. The study was approved by an Institutional Review Board, and all potential participants signed informed consent before enrollment. Sixty-two participants completed the set of self-administered questionnaires, including (a) a demographic questionnaire, (b) Affiliate Stigma Scale, and (c) the Illness Perception Questionnaire for Schizophrenia-Relatives version. Canonical correlations and structural equation modeling in STATISTICA 6.0 were used to validate the model of illness perceptions and negative emotions.

Results:
(a) There were three domains of perception regarding schizophrenia for the relatives of patients: disease chronicity, disease in control, and disease treatability. The correlation between these dimensions and negative emotion was r = .42. (b) The adjusted goodness of fit for the proposed affiliate stigma model was .79.

Conclusions:
The results of this study suggest that the affiliate stigma model is an appropriate resource for developing practical disease management strategies for the relatives of patients with schizophrenia.
Effects of a Home-Based Resistance Training Program on Recovery From Total Hip Replacement Surgery: Feasibility and Pilot Testing
Authors: Chang Ching-Fen , Lin Kuan-Chia , Chen Wei-Ming , Jane Sui-Whi , Yeh Shu-Hui , Wang Tsae-Jyy 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

Background:
Postoperative exercise rehabilitation helps patients recover normal joint functions after total hip arthroplasty (total hip replacement surgery or THR) by strengthening the muscles that surround the replaced hip joint. However, the high cost of professionally supervised exercise rehabilitation programs limits access to program participation and, thus, to optimal recovery of normal joint functions. Therefore, the development of an effective home-based, self-monitored exercise rehabilitation program is critical to promote the optimal recovery of THR patients.

Purpose:
This study tests the efficacy of a home-based resistance-band exercise program on mobility, functional exercise capacity, and health-related quality of life in THR patients.

Methods:
This study uses a preexperimental repeated measures design. A convenience sample of 30 patients who underwent total hip replacement for osteoarthritis was recruited. All patients participated in a 12-week home-based resistance training program. Data were collected at baseline and at 2, 6, and 12 weeks postoperation on the following dimensions: up-and-go time, timed walking distance, and quality of life. In addition, intervention-related adverse events and the exercise adherence rate were monitored. Generalized estimation equations were used to analyze changes in the outcome variables across time.

Results:
The study included 21 women and nine men. The mean age of the participants was 67.9 years (SD = 8.1 years, range = 55–86 years). Results of the generalized estimation equations showed a statistically significant time effect for up-and-go time, 6-minute walking distance, and health-related quality of life. After 12 weeks of training, the participants’ up-and-go time decreased 40.33% from the baseline measurements, with a mean change of 6.38 seconds (p < .001). The 6-minute walking distance increased 41.34%, with a mean change of 117.12 meters (p < .001). The score for health-related quality of life decreased 78.94%, with a mean change of 39.10 (p < .001). The average exercise adherence rate was 72.63%. The average score for the feasibility of the intervention was 8.8 (range = 6–10).

Conclusions/Implications for Practice:
The results of this study support the hypothesis that a home-based resistance training program is safe, feasible, and effective for improving the mobility, functional exercise capacity, and health-related quality of life of THR patients. Considering the low cost and convenience of a home-based resistance training program, health professionals should consider this and similar exercise programs when providing guidance to THR patients.
Durability of Infliximab Is Associated With Disease Extent in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Shapiro Jason M. , Subedi Shova , Machan Jason T. , Cerezo Carolina S. , Ross Albert M. , Shalon Linda B. , Silverstein Jared A. , Herzlinger Michael I. , Kasper Vania , LeLeiko Neal S. 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of the study was to evaluate infliximab (IFX) dosing and treatment durability relative to luminal disease burden in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.Methods:Records from 98 pediatric patients treated with IFX between 2012 and 2014 were reviewed. Disease extent was classified as “limited,” “moderate,” or “extensive” based on cumulative assessment of mucosal involvement. Patients started taking standard 5 mg/kg dosing were compared with those initiated taking 10 mg/kg with regard to treatment durability.Results:Overall, 26.4%, 58.3%, and 70% with limited, moderate, or extensive disease, respectively, started taking a standard IFX dose of 5 mg/kg required therapy escalation. Patients with moderate and extensive disease, started taking the 5 mg/kg per dose, showed statistically significant shorter times to escalation than those with limited disease. The percentage of patients remaining on their initial 5 mg/kg per dose at 12 months was 80.1%, 56.9%, and 40.0% for limited, moderate, and extensive disease, respectively. Among patients started taking 10 mg/kg, 100% remained on this dose. All the patients with limited disease who required dose escalation continued on the higher dose at the time of analysis; however, among those with the most extensive disease, 43% failed escalation because of nonresponse or infusion reaction.Conclusions:Patients with extensive disease started taking 5 mg/kg of IFX were more likely to require dose escalation compared to those with limited or moderate disease. All of the patients with moderate and extensive disease started taking 10 mg/kg of IFX remained on this dose. These results suggest that patients with more extensive disease may benefit from higher initial IFX dosing as it relates to durability of the treatment.
Temporal and spatial domain-specific transcriptomic analysis of a vital reproductive meristem inArabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Villarino Gonzalo. H. , Flores-Vergara Miguel , Hu Qiwen , Sehra Bhupinder , Robles Linda , Brumos Javier , Stepanova Anna , Manrique Silvia , Colombo Lucia , Sundberg Eva , Heber Steffen , Franks Robert G. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundPlant meristems are analogous to animal stem cell niches as they maintain a pool of undifferentiated cells that divide and differentiate to give rise to organs. The carpel margin meristem is a vital, multi-potent structure located in the medial domain of theArabidopsis thalianagynoecium, the female floral reproductive organ. The carpel margin meristem generates ovules that upon fertilization become seeds. The molecular mechanisms that specify this meristematic region and regulate its organogenic potential are poorly understood. Here, we present an analysis of the transcriptional profile of the medial domain of the Arabidopsis gynoecium highlighting the developmental stages that immediately proceed ovule initiation, the earliest stages of seed development.ResultsUsing a floral synchronization system and aSHATTERPROOF2domain-specific reporter, paired with fluorescence-activated cell sorting and RNA sequencing, we assayed the transcriptome of the gynoecial medial domain with temporal and spatial precision. This analysis reveals a set of genes that are differentially expressed within theSHATTERPROOF2expression domain that marks portions of the developing medial domain. Many members of this gene set have been shown previously to function during the development of medial domain-derived structures, including the ovules, thus validating our approach. Other uncharacterized members including differentially expressed cis-natural antisense transcripts, are potential novel regulators of medial domain development. Members of theREPRODUCTIVE MERISTEM (REM)family of transcriptional regulators were enriched in theSHATTERPROOF2-expressingcell population including a previously unrecognizedREMfamily member. Finally, the analysis transcriptional isoforms in the medial domain identified genes that may exhibit “isoform switching” behavior during gynoecial development.ConclusionsThis data set provides genome-wide transcriptional insight into the development of the gynoecial medial domain that contains the carpel margin meristem, a vital reproductive structure that gives rise to the ovules inArabidopsis thaliana.
Latitude delineates patterns of biogeography in terrestrialStreptomyces
Authors: Choudoir Mallory J , Doroghazi James R , Buckley Daniel H 
Published: November 2015

SummaryWe examined the biogeography ofStreptomycesat regional spatial scales to identify factors that govern patterns of microbial diversity.Streptomycesare spore forming filamentous bacteria which are widespread in soil.Streptomycesstrains were isolated from perennial grass habitats sampled across a spatial scale of more than 6,000 km. Previous analysis of this geographically explicit culture collection provided evidence for a latitudinal diversity gradient inStreptomycesspecies. Here we evaluate the hypothesis that this latitudinal diversity gradient is a result of evolutionary dynamics associated with historical demographic processes. Historical demographic phenomena have genetic consequences that can be evaluated through analysis of population genetics. We applied population genetic approaches to analyze population structure in six of the most numerically abundant and geographically widespreadStreptomycesphylogroups from our culture collection.Streptomycespopulation structure varied at regional spatial scales and allelic diversity correlated with geographic distance. In addition, allelic diversity and gene flow are partitioned by latitude. Finally, we found that nucleotide diversity within phylogroups is negatively correlated with latitude. These results indicate that phylogroup diversification is constrained by dispersal limitation at regional spatial scales and they are consistent with the hypothesis that historical demographic processes have influenced the contemporary biogeography ofStreptomyces.Originality-Significance StatementWe provide the first population genetic evidence that patterns ofStreptomycesbiogeography, which manifest in geographically explicit patterns of gene flow and a latitudinal gradient of nucleotide diversity, result from dispersal limitation and regional diversification due to drift. This contribution elucidates evolutionary processes that underlie patterns of microbial biogeography.
Assessing the influence of social media on tourists’ motivations and image formation of a destination
Authors: Llodra-Riera Isabel , Martínez-Ruiz María Pilar , Jiménez-Zarco Ana Isabel , Izquierdo-Yusta Alicia 
Published: November 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to analyse how tourists form the cognitive, affective and unique images of a tourism destination, taking into account that: travellers use user-generated content (UGC) as one of the more important sources of information about the destination, sources of information influence on travellers’ motivation to visit some destination and motivations influence on the dimensions of the destination image.Design/methodology/approach– Taking into account the works of Beerli and Martin (2004), Seabraet al.(2007) and Quet al.(2011), this paper proposes an integrative model that shows how different types of information sources influence on individuals’ motivations, as well as the different dimensions of the image of the tourist destination are influenced by tourists’ motivations. Moreover, the design and validation of new scales of measures, adapted to the new tourist profile 2.0, is proposed. The model is empirical tested by analysis of 541 national and international tourists, as well as residents in Mallorca: data were analysed using a structural equations model.Findings– The results confirm the strength and robustness of the constructed theoretical model, and contrasting the assumptions made in the work. Likewise, also confirms the validity and adequacy of the proposed new scales of measurement to the current reality of the tourism sector. The principal conclusions obtained are: motivations for visiting a place are influenced by information sources consulted by tourists, among which social media can be included; cognitive image is influenced by travellers’ motivations; and affective image is influenced by cognitive one. From these results, some managerial recommendations are suggested.Research limitations/implications– The present study offers important contributions for both researchers and managers in the field of destination brand image management. At theoretical level, the work provides a deep review of the literature, that has permitted the construction of a strong and robust theoretical model, as well as the design and validation of new measurement tools. Both are designed from the rigour and precision that provides scientific research, allowing the understanding and analysis of the current situation of the tourism sector. On the other hand, the work has important implications on a practical level, providing strategic management and travellers destination marketing organization stakeholders.Originality/value– This study constitutes an initial, but also newness approach to this line of research. The construction of a theoretical model that: contemplates UGC as information source, and considers the direct and moderating relationships between different variables such as information sources, motivations and the various dimensions of the image.