bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facilitating Dam Removal Decisions With Multiple Objectives
Authors: Naslund Laura , Buhr Daniel , Chambers Matt , McKay S. Kyle , Jumani Suman , Bledsoe Brian , Rosemond Amy , Wenger Seth 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTProactive and transparent decision‐making about the long‐term management of dams, including rehabilitation, retrofit, and removal, is critical for successfully managing this aging infrastructure and presents an opportunity to weigh the many services and disservices dams provide. Existing tools to support dam removal decisions often constrain decision processes by considering only a limited set of user objectives. We identified 18 dam removal objectives in the literature and found that most of the 41 dam removal decision‐support tools we evaluated included only two or three objectives. Common objectives of previous dam removals like reducing safety hazard and expanding recreational opportunities were included in few decision‐support tools. To facilitate dam removal decisions with diverse objectives, we created a new web application, which supports decisions with the 18 objectives that we identified in the literature. The application guides users to select appropriate objectives, choose metrics and methods to evaluate management alternatives, and identify additional decision‐support tools to weigh alternatives relative to selected objectives. We demonstrate this web application as a resource for the dam management community of practice with a case study of a dam removal decision in Athens, Georgia, USA. More broadly, we propose the process outlined here as a model for aligning diverse objectives in other types of river infrastructure decisions. Given the contribution of this infrastructure to declining biodiversity, intensifying climate, and development needs, failing to align multiple objectives in river infrastructure decisions can represent consequential, missed opportunities.
“Students Really Benefited From That Hybridization”: Facilitated Sensemaking in a No‐Excuses Charter Network
Authors: Lindsay William E. , Otero Valerie K. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis ethnographic cross‐case study examines five teachers' year‐long efforts to implement practice‐based physics instruction within the unique organizational context of a no‐excuses charter network. The teachers were attempting to adapt their didactic, rigid, and compliance‐based instructional approach to include more opportunities for students to figure out disciplinary concepts through evidence and consensus. To assist in these efforts, teachers partnered with a university‐based physics education program to redesign the network's coherent instructional infrastructure. The program provided curricular materials aligned with the Next Generation Science Standards, facilitated professional learning sessions, and assisted with instructional coaching before and during the 2018–2019 school year. Researchers collected ethnographic field notes and artifacts during professional learning sessions, partnership meetings, and bi‐weekly lesson observations of case teachers. They also conducted interviews with teachers and students. An organizational sensemaking lens was used to analyze data and informed the production of ethnographic case profiles, vignettes, and cross‐case comparisons. Findings included the constraints and affordances of a coherent instructional infrastructure for facilitating teacher sensemaking. Hybridized instructional practices also emerged across case teachers' classrooms as products of facilitated sensemaking. Implications for supporting teachers in fitting novel instructional approaches to their organizational contexts are discussed. This paper is part of the special issue on Teacher Learning and Organizational Contexts.
Bioengineered Nickel Oxide Nanofabrication for Energy Storage Systems, Degradation of Refractory Water Toxicity, and Antibacterial Study
Authors: Meena Jayaprakash , Dinakaran Anusha , Kumaraguru N. , veerappa N. Sami , Shin Paik‐kyun , Tatsugi Jiro , Kumar Annamalai Senthil , Santhakumar Kannappan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles were synthesized using a green method involving Pterolobium hexapetalum flower extract as the reducing agent. Synthesized nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) were thoroughly characterized using X‐ray diffraction, UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The XRD analysis confirmed the pure formation of NiO NPs. TEM and SEM images revealed the size, shape, and surface morphology of the nanoparticles. BET analysis indicated a high surface area, making these nanoparticles suitable for various applications. The NiO NPs were further investigated for their potential in supercapacitor applications, demonstrating excellent electrochemical performance. NiO@rGO electrode with graphene proportion showed a maximum specific capacity of 1266 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1. Moreover, following the 3000‐cycle assessment, the specific retention of 98.2% confirmed that the electrode had high cyclic stability. Additionally, their effectiveness in dye degradation was evaluated, showing promising results in removing organic dyes from wastewater. The antibacterial activity of the NiO nanoparticles was also assessed, indicating significant inhibition against various bacterial strains. These multifaceted studies suggest that NiO NPs synthesized from plant extract hold great promise for applications in energy storage, environmental remediation, and antimicrobial treatments.
Cutting‐Edge Progress in Aqueous Zn‐S Batteries: Innovations in Cathodes, Electrolytes, and Mediators
Authors: Liang Tianyue , Zhang Xinren , Huang Yixuan , Lu Yile , Jia Haowei , Yuan Yu , Meng Linghui , Zhou Yingze , Zhou Lu , Guan Peiyuan , Wan Tao , Ferry Michael , Chu Dewei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRechargeable aqueous zinc‐sulfur batteries (AZSBs) are emerging as prominent candidates for next‐generation energy storage devices owing to their affordability, non‐toxicity, environmental friendliness, non‐flammability, and use of earth‐abundant electrodes and aqueous electrolytes. However, AZSBs currently face challenges in achieving satisfied electrochemical performance due to slow kinetic reactions and limited stability. Therefore, further research and improvement efforts are crucial for advancing AZSBs technology. In this comprehensive review, it is delved into the primary mechanisms governing AZSBs, assess recent advancements in the field, and analyse pivotal modifications made to electrodes and electrolytes to enhance AZSBs performance. This includes the development of novel host materials for sulfur (S) cathodes, which are capable of supporting higher S loading capacities and the refinement of electrolyte compositions to improve ionic conductivity and stability. Moreover, the potential applications of AZSBs across various energy platforms and evaluate their market viability based on recent scholarly contributions is explored. By doing so, this review provides a visionary outlook on future research directions for AZSBs, driving continuous advancements in stable AZSBs technology and deepening the understanding of their charge–discharge dynamics. The insights presented in this review signify a significant step toward a sustainable energy future powered by renewable sources.
A semantically enabled architecture for interoperable edge‐cloud continuum applied to the e‐health scenario
Authors: Martella Angelo , Longo Antonella , Zappatore Marco , Martino Beniamino Di , Esposito Antonio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe progress made in the field of medicine and the consequent increase in the prospect of life have contributed to rise people's interest towards a healthier lifestyle. Fitness activity is becoming a must for those who aspire to live more and better. However, this should be accompanied by additional good practices to safeguard individuals' life from risks that could undermine their health. Most of these risks are linked to personal, surrounding, and contextual conditions that technology can detect and monitor. Recommender systems can adequately support fitness activity by performing data analyzes aimed at identifying possible risk factors for users, starting from their physiological data and those related to the closest context where they are. This article introduces the architecture of a recommender system called App4Health in the context related to both mobile crowd sensing and wellness. The App4Health architecture consists of a smart application platform, capable of interfacing and managing data from heterogeneous edge sources, such as mobile phones, IoT, and sensors. The analysis result consists of the semantic generation of healthy behavioral conducts to the user as Telegram BOT messages. For evaluating the proposed solution, the article also provides a case study and a testbed. The testbed consists of a comparative stress test of two edge software components of the App4Health's architecture in order to identify the performance degradation threshold of these components, assuming that they can be deployed on edge‐level hardware devices with different technical specifications and configurations.
Willing unwillingness. A Luhmannian perspective on followership and leadership in organizations
Authors: Sales Augusto , Mansur Juliana , Valentinov Vladislav , Roth Steffen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper examines how organization theorists within social systems theory in the tradition of Niklas Luhmann view hierarchical steering and seek to adapt Luhmann's ideas to the complexities of contemporary organizations. We contribute to this debate by linking it to leadership and followership literature, introducing the paradox of ‘willing unwillingness’ to describe personal engagement in organizations. From this concept, we develop a typology of organizational roles: leaders, role shifters, followers and outsiders. Through in‐depth interviews with Brazilian public servants and thematic analysis, our findings reveal that these roles are shaped by emotional experiences and variable psychic engagement, rather than hierarchical structures, offering new insights for systems‐theoretical exploration of organizational roles.
Wall effects of an eccentric fluid sphere: Happel's and Kuwabara's models
Authors: Madasu Krishna Prasad 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn the limit of very low Reynolds numbers, the steady translation of a fluid sphere situated at a non‐concentric position in a second immiscible fluid bounded by spherical cavity is investigated using boundary collocation technique. The flow inside and outside the fluid sphere is governed by Stokes equations. Boundary conditions at the fluid sphere are continuity of velocity and shear stress. Zero shear stress and zero vorticity are used on spherical cavity. By using superposition principle, a general solution is constructed from the basic solutions in the two spherical coordinate systems based on both the fluid sphere and spherical cavity. The normalized drag force exerted on the fluid sphere contained in a cavity is depended on the ratio of fluid sphere and cavity radii, viscosity ratio of fluid sphere and cavity, relative distance between the centers of fluid sphere and cavity. The results are in good agreement with previously published work in the limiting cases. The numerical results of the drag force are good agreement with the solutions of the translation of the fluid sphere in a concentric cavity and the translation of a solid sphere in a non‐concentric cavity. The drag force is increasing function of the viscosity ratio, volume fraction, and the relative distance. This work is extension of the previous work of Keh and Lee for the fluid sphere using Happel's and Kuwabara's models.
Assessment of Biventricular Systolic and Diastolic Function Using Conventional and Strain Echocardiography in Children with Sickle Cell Disease Surviving 1-year After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
Authors: Harrington Jamie K. , DiLorenzo Michael P. , Bhatia Monica , Boscamp Nicholas , Krishnan Usha S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is a potentially curative therapy for children with sickle cell disease (SCD). The effects of HSCT on ventricular function are not well characterized in children with SCD. Echocardiograms from children with SCD who underwent HSCT between 2007 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed before and 1-year after HSCT. Left ventricular (LV) volumes, mass, and ejection fraction were calculated by the 5/6 area*length method. LV end-diastolic and systolic dimensions, septal, and posterior wall thickness, and fractional shortening were measured by M-mode. Mitral and tricuspid inflow Dopplers (E and A waves) as well as mitral, tricuspid, and septal tissue Dopplers (E’, A’) were assessed. E/A, E’/A’ and E/E’ ratios were calculated. Biventricular strain imaging was performed using speckle-tracking echocardiography. Peak global systolic longitudinal and circumferential LV strain, and global longitudinal right ventricular strain, as well as early and late diastolic strain rate, were measured on LV apical 4-chamber, LV short-axis mid-papillary, and RV apical views, respectively. Forty-seven children (9.7 ± 5.5 years, 60% male) met inclusion criteria. Pre-HSCT, subjects had mild LV dilation with normal LV systolic function by conventional measure of ejection fraction and fractional shortening. There was a significant reduction in LV volume, mass, and ejection fraction after HSCT, but measurements remained within normal range. LV longitudinal and circumferential strain were normal pre-HSCT and showed no significant change post-HSCT. RV strain decreased after HSCT, but the absolute change was small, and mean values were normal both pre- and post-HSCT. Conventional measures of diastolic function were all normal pre-HSCT. Post-HSCT there was a reduction in select parameters, but all parameters remained within normal range. Early and late diastolic strain rate parameters showed no significant change from pre- to post-HSCT. At one-year after HSCT in children with SCD conventional measures of systolic and diastolic function are within normal limits. Except for a small decrease in RV systolic strain with values remaining within normal limits, systolic strain and diastolic strain rate values did not significantly change 1-year after HSCT.
EndoArt®: Ergebnisse bei Patienten mit Glaukom-Drainage-Implantaten
Authors: Wiedemann Johanna , Mestanoglu Mert , Rekate Anne , Gietzelt Caroline , Cursiefen Claus , Bachmann Björn 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungHintergrundEndoArt® (Eye Yon Medical, Ness Ziona, Israel) ist eine künstliche innere Hornhautschicht und eine innovative Behandlungsalternative für Patienten mit hohem Risiko für Transplantatversagen nach hinterer lamellärer Hornhauttransplantation (EK).Ziel der ArbeitWir stellen erste Ergebnisse der EndoArt®-Implantation bei Patienten mit Glaukom-Drainage-Implantaten (GDD) vor.Patienten und OperationstechnikEs wurden 12 Augen mit GDD retrospektiv ausgewertet. Alle wiesen ein hohes Risiko für eine Transplantatabstoßung im Falle einer EK auf (vorherige andere Glaukomoperationen zusätzlich zu GDD [n = 8], Zustand nach Descemet Membran-Endothel-Keratoplastik [DMEK;n = 9], Uveitis [n = 2], anteriore Synechien [n = 2]). Die EndoArt® wurde mit einer Gasblase und ein bis drei Haltenähten gesichert. Die prä- und postoperativ beste brillenkorrigierte Sehschärfe (BSCVA) und die zentrale Hornhautdicke (CCT) wurden bestimmt. Die Notwendigkeit zusätzlicher Gasinjektionen (Rebubbling) wurde analysiert.ErgebnisseOctafluorpropan (C3F8) 12 % wurde bei neun, Schwefelhexafluorid (SF6) 20 % bei drei Patienten als Vorderkammertamponnade zur Verbesserung der Anlage von EndoArt® verwendet. Bei vier Augen war mindestens ein Rebubbling nötig. Der präoperative BSCVA betrug 1,6 (± 0,5) logMAR und verbesserte sich nach 12 Wochen signifikant auf 1,1 (± 0,6) logMAR (p = 0,028). Die präoperative CCT betrug 719 µm ± 145,7, sank nach sechs Wochen signifikant auf 622,4 µm ± 174,9 (p = 0,004) und nach 12 Wochen auf 591,7 µm ± 190,8 (p = 0,096). Bei einem Auge wurde das Implantat explantiert, wir gehen von einem fibrotischen Umbau der Hornhaut nach vielfachen vorherigen DMEKs aus.DiskussionEndoArt® führte bei Patienten mit GDD zu einer signifikanten Verbesserung des BSCVA und Reduktion der CCT. Allerdings zeigte sich eine hohe Rebubbling-Rate. Bei Patienten mit hohem Risiko für Transplantatversagen kann die Verwendung von EndoArt® vorteilhaft sein.
Deformed Fréchet law for Wigner and sample covariance matrices with tail in crossover regime
Authors: Han Yi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGiven $$A_n:=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}(a_{ij})$$

A
n

:
=

1

n

(

a

ij

)

an $$n\times n$$

n
×
n

symmetric random matrix, with elements above the diagonal given by i.i.d. random variables having mean zero and unit variance. It is known that when $$\lim _{x\rightarrow \infty }x^4\mathbb {P}(|a_{ij}|>x)=0$$

lim

x
→
∞

x
4

P
(
|

a

ij

|
>
x
)

=
0

, then fluctuation of the largest eigenvalue of $$A_n$$

A
n

follows a Tracy–Widom distribution. When the law of $$a_{ij}$$

a

ij

is regularly varying with index $$\alpha \in (0,4)$$

α
∈
(
0
,
4
)

, then the largest eigenvalue has a Fréchet distribution. An intermediate regime is recently uncovered in Diaconu (Ann Probab 51(2):774–804, 2023): when $$\lim _{x\rightarrow \infty }x^4\mathbb {P}(|a_{ij}|>x)=c\in (0,\infty )$$

lim

x
→
∞

x
4

P
(
|

a

ij

|
>
x
)

=
c
∈

(
0
,
∞
)

, then the law of the largest eigenvalue converges to a deformed Fréchet distribution. In this work we vastly extend the scope where the latter distribution may arise. We show that the same deformed Fréchet distribution arises (1) for sparse Wigner matrices with an average of $$n^{\Omega }(1)$$

n
Ω

(
1
)

nonzero entries on each row; (2) for periodically banded Wigner matrices with bandwidth $$p_n=n^{O(1)}$$

p
n

=

n

O
(
1
)

; and more generally for weighted adjacency matrices of any $$k_n$$

k
n

-regular graphs with $$k_n=n^{\Omega (1)}$$

k
n

=

n

Ω
(
1
)

. In all these cases, we further prove that the joint distribution of the finitely many largest eigenvalues of $$A_n$$

A
n

converge to a deformed Poisson process, and that eigenvectors of the outlying eigenvalues of $$A_n$$

A
n

are localized, implying a mobility edge phenomenon at the spectral edge 2 for Wigner matrices. The sparser case with average degree $$n^{o(1)}$$

n

o
(
1
)

is also explored. Our technique extends to sample covariance matrices, proving for the first time that its largest eigenvalue still follows a deformed Fréchet distribution, assuming the matrix entries satisfy $$\lim _{x\rightarrow \infty }x^4\mathbb {P}(|a_{ij}|>x)=c\in (0,\infty )$$

lim

x
→
∞

x
4

P
(
|

a

ij

|
>
x
)

=
c
∈

(
0
,
∞
)

. The proof utilizes a universality result recently established by Brailovskaya and Van Handel (Universality and sharp matrix concentration inequalities, 2022).
Does Embodiment in Virtual Reality Boost Learning Transfer? Testing an Immersion-Interactivity Framework
Authors: Klingenberg Sara , Bosse Robin , Mayer Richard E. , Makransky Guido 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the role of embodiment when learning a technical procedure in immersive virtual reality (VR) by introducing a framework based on immersion and interactivity. The goal is to determine how increasing the levels of immersion and interactivity affect learning experiences and outcomes. In a 2 × 2 factorial design, 177 high school students were assigned to one of four experimental conditions, varying levels of immersion (learning in immersive virtual reality wearing a head-mounted display (VR) vs. learning via a computer screen (PC)) and interactivity (directly manipulating objects using controllers/mouse and keyboard (congruent) vs. indirectly manipulating objects with a laser pointer to select a course of action (incidental)). The main outcome measure was a transfer task in which students were required to perform the task they had learned in the virtual environment using concrete objects in real life. Results demonstrated that students in the VR conditions experienced significantly higher levels of presence, agency, location, body ownership, and embodied learning compared to participants in the PC conditions. Additionally, students’ performance during the virtual lesson predicted their real-life transfer test. However, there were no significant effects of immersion or interactivity on any of the transfer measures. The results suggest that high immersion in VR can increase self-reported measures of presence, agency, location, body ownership, and embodied learning among students. However, increased embodiment—manipulated by adding immersion and congruent manipulation of objects did not improve transfer.
Freedom in the Many-Worlds Interpretation
Authors: Stoica Ovidiu Cristinel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractI analyze the possibility of free-will in the many-worlds interpretation (MWI), arguing for their compatibility. I use as a starting point Nicolas Gisin’s “The Multiverse Pandemic” (preprint arXiv:2210.05377, 2022, after Gisin, N., “L’épidémie du multivers”, in “Le Plus Grand des Hasards”, Belin, Paris, 2010), in which he makes an interesting case that MWI is contradicted by our hard to deny free-will. The counts he raised are: (1) MWI is deterministic, forcing choices on us, (2) in MWI all our possible choices happen, and (3) MWI limits creativity, because everything is entangled with everything else. I argue that each of these features of MWI is in fact compatible with more freedom than it may seem. In particular, MWI allows compatibilist free-will, but also free-will very much like the libertarian free-will defined by Chisholm. I argue that the position that alternative choices exist as possibilities does not make sense from a physical point of view, but MWI offers a physical ground for alternatives.
Woody flowering plants support early-spring pollinators in urban greenspaces
Authors: Wierzchowski Tori M. , Haden Brooke L. , Ren Abigail T. , Hung Keng-Lou James 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOne threat pollinators face in a rapidly changing climate is the decoupling of their activity period from the blooming period of their host plants. Pollinators active in the earliest part of spring may be especially susceptible, as there are few alternative food resources available if they become active before their host plants begin blooming. Thus, urban landscapes, although often associated with decreased insect biodiversity, may buffer pollinators from such food shortages by offering a diversity of both native and exotic plant species that bloom in the late winter and early spring. However, more data are needed to ascertain the degree to which pollinators utilize flowers of spring-blooming exotic species. Here, we surveyed flower-visiting Hymenoptera and Diptera on 26 flowering plant taxa in three urban botanical gardens in the Oklahoma City metropolitan area in the early spring (March and April). We found that flowers of both native and exotic plants were attractive to Hymenoptera and Diptera, although pollinator visitation rates varied by more than an order of magnitude across plant taxa. Overall, woody plants were more attractive to pollinators compared to herbaceous plants, regardless of whether the plant was native or exotic. Implications for insect conservation: Our results suggest that regardless of native status, urban plants that bloom in the early spring—especially woody species—may be coopted to support pollinators that are especially susceptible to climate change. However, care needs to be taken to select plant species and varieties that pollinators will actually use.