bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep‐eutectic‐solvent‐assisted hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge for green wood bioadhesive production
Authors: Xu Zhi‐Xiang , Dou Rui , Tan Yi , Xiong Huan‐Ran , Chen Yong‐Xing , Leng Li‐Jian , Vlaskin Mikhail , Osman Sameh M. , Luque Rafael 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study reports the use of deep‐eutectic‐solvent‐ (DES‐) assisted hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) to disrupt the floc structure of sewage sludge (SS) for deep carbonization, with the resulting hydrochars employed in the preparation of formaldehyde‐free plywood bioadhesives. Sewage‐sludge‐based bioadhesive exhibits an excellent wet shear strength, complying with the requirements of Chinese national standard GB/T 9846–2015 (≥0.7 MPa). The molecular weight of proteins and the formation of covalent bonds via dehydration have a notable role in improving adhesive performance (wet shear strength). The Maillard reaction is a key reaction during HTC to destroy the secondary structure of proteins, resulting in the release of more OH and NH2. The main reaction during hot‐press treatment is dehydration. High ash content in bioadhesives improves flame resistance potential, particularly on addition of DES. A plausible mechanism is proposed for this. This work provides a new method for the valorization of SS‐derived hydrochars and contributes to the development of greener formaldehyde‐free wood bioadhesives.
Sandwiched naphthyl carbazole: Inversion Circularly Polarized Luminescence based on a pull‐push electron valve strategy
Authors: Qi Qi , Junfeng Li , Yueming Sun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInspired by circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), artificial CPL assembly has attracted intense attention. However, precise manipulation of chiral transfer from achiral and luminescent materials remains a formidable challenge. Two sandwiched carbazole and binaphthol derivatives composed of pyridine or trifluoride methyl benzene have been synthesized. Among R‐1 and R‐2, their spectra were found in the violet region, both in the solution and the film state. They exhibit the photoluminescence dissymmetry factors up to 1.4 × 10−3 for R‐2 and an opposite value of −5.6 × 10−4 for R‐1. Theoretical CPL and circular dichroism (CD) studies were in good agreement with the experimental data and deciphered their opposite signals by the transition electric and magnetic moment. Our study offers a strategy for studying the charge and chiral transfer.
A label‐free and signal‐amplifiable fluorescent biosensor based on aptamer‐conjugated gold nanoparticles and hybridization chain reaction for determination of carcinoembryonic antigen
Authors: Liu Siyao , Yang Xingjie , Xiao Peng , Wang Wei , Zhu Shaoqing , Chu Jingzhi , Zhou Chenguang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe sensitive detection of cancer biomarkers is crucial for early accurate diagnostics and therapy of cancer patients. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a tumor‐associated antigen derived from colon cancer and embryonic tissues. In this study, we have developed a label‐free fluorescence biosensing platform for the quantification of CEA with the “turn‐on” signal output. This platform employs a label‐free strategy that incorporates an aptamer‐modified gold nanoparticle (Apt@AuNP) probe for the recognition of CEA, in combination with hybridization chain reaction (HCR) amplification. In the presence of target CEA, Apt@AuNPs selectively capture CEA, resulting in a reduction of subsequent complementary chains (CP) binding on Apt@AuNPs. The remaining CP, acting as the initiator sequence for HCR, triggers the HCR, leading to the formation of abundant G‐quadruplex structures. By employing Thioflavin T (ThT) for the formation of G‐quadruplex/ThT complexes, the biosensor exhibits a significant enhancement of the fluorescence signal. Under optimized conditions, the biosensor platform demonstrates a limit of detection of 0.03 nM and a linear range from 0.1 to 2.5 nM. Additionally, the specificity investigation reveals the high selectivity of this fluorescent biosensor. Finally, the performance of this method has been validated by successfully detecting CEA in real‐life samples, highlighting its potential for clinical applications.
Fostering resilience and post‐traumatic growth in overseas Chinese left‐behind children: The role of autonomy, competence, and relatedness
Authors: Zhao Shengyu , Zhang Ke , Lin Yingying , Han Li , Liao Chuanjing , Ye Rufang , Na Meng , Alam Syed Shah 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study examines the impact of parental migration on the psychological well‐being and development of left‐behind children (LBCs) in Zhejiang, China, within the broader context of the country's rural transformations and urban migration. It investigates how intellectual and relational engagement (RE), autonomy (AUT), competence (COM), and relatedness (RES) contribute to resilience (REL) and post‐traumatic growth (PTG) in these children, reflecting on the shift from viewing parental separation merely as a source of trauma to recognizing its potential to foster significant personal growth.MethodsUtilizing a cross‐sectional design, the research was conducted in April and May 2023 with 1348 LBCs from a total sample of 4049 students inZhejiang. A two‐step random, stratified, cluster‐based sampling strategy was employed, and structural equation modeling was used to examine the hypothesized relationships among the constructs.ResultsThe statistical analysis demonstrated significant positive effects of intellectual engagement (IE), AUT, COM, and RE on both REL and PTG (p < .05 for all). IE strongly correlated with AUT (r = .68, p < .001) and COM (r = .71, p < .001), enhancing REL and facilitating PTG. Additionally, the presence of secure and consistent relationships was identified as crucial for maintaining psychological well‐being, with high correlation coefficients (r > .60) underscoring their importance. Notably, REL was found to moderate the relationships among RES, COM, and PTG, highlighting its critical role in the psychological adaptation of left‐behind children.ConclusionThe study underscores the importance of nurturing intellectual and REs, AUT, and COM to enhance psychological REL and well‐being among LBAs. These elements are crucial for supporting the mental health and developmental needs of children facing the challenges of parental migration. The findings advocate for targeted interventions that can address the unique needs of this vulnerable population, emphasizing the potential for growth and adaptation despite adversities.
A systematic review on investigating major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder using MRI and genetic data from 2018 to 2024
Authors: Sun Kai , Wang Xin , Zhou Guifei , Lv Wenchao , Song Rujia , Wei Wei , Liu Zhenyu , Yu Changbin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe incidence of affective disorders, of which major depression disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are two main types, has increased rapidly in recent years. They significantly impact patients, their families, and society. However, while affective disorders have become a major issue worldwide, their pathogenesis remains unclear. In the last 6 years, research using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and genetic data has gained prominence in understanding their pathophysiology and etiology. This systematic review collected the studies of MDD and BD research published between January 1, 2018, and February 1, 2024, focusing on studies using MRI and genetic data and indexed in the Web of Science and PubMed database. It aims to investigate the similarities and differences in their imaging phenotypes and underlying molecular bases. After exclusions, a total of 80 articles were included in this review. Research on MDD and BD reveals the critical role of epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, in brain structure and function changes. The genes and pathways implicated in MDD are directly associated with depressive symptoms. In contrast, those implicated in BD are associated with mood regulation and cognitive functions. In addition, functional imaging studies have revealed that abnormalities in MDD are frequently concentrated in regions involved in emotion regulation and stress response. In contrast, those in BD are frequently concentrated in the neural circuits related to reward processing and emotional stability. Further multimodal and multiscale studies are needed to advance the field of mood disorder research.
Local TSH/TSHR signaling promotes CD8+ T cell exhaustion and immune evasion in colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Zeng Sisi , Hu Huiling , Li Zhiyang , Hu Qi , Shen Rong , Li Mingzhou , Liang Yunshi , Mao Zuokang , Zhang Yandong , Zhan Wanqi , Zhu Qin , Wang Feifei , Xiao Jianbiao , Xu Bohan , Liu Guanglong , Wang Yanan , Li Bingsong , Xu Shaowan , Zhang Zhaowen , Zhang Ceng , Wang Zhizhang , Liang Li 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundDysfunction of CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) contributes to tumor immune escape and immunotherapy tolerance. The effects of hormones such as leptin, steroid hormones, and glucocorticoids on T cell function have been reported previously. However, the mechanism underlying thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH)/thyroid‐stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) signaling in CD8+ T cell exhaustion and tumor immune evasion remain poorly understood. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of TSH/TSHR signaling on the function of CD8+ T cells and immune evasion in colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodsTSHR expression levels in CD8+ T cells were assessed with immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Functional investigations involved manipulation of TSHR expression in cellular and mouse models to study its role in CD8+ T cells. Mechanistic insights were mainly gained through RNA‐sequencing, Western blotting, chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase activity assay. Immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and Western blotting were used to investigate the source of TSH and TSHR in CRC tissues.ResultsTSHR was highly expressed in cancer cells and CD8+ T cells in CRC tissues. TSH/TSHR signaling was identified as the intrinsic pathway promoting CD8+ T cell exhaustion. Conditional deletion of TSHR in CD8+ tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) improved effector differentiation and suppressed the expression of immune checkpoint receptors such as programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1) and hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2 (HAVCR2 or TIM3) through the protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP‐response element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway. CRC cells secreted TSHR via exosomes to increase the TSHR level in CD8+ T cells, resulting in immunosuppression in the TME. Myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) was the main source of TSH within the TME. Low expression of TSHR in CRC was a predictor of immunotherapy response.ConclusionsThe present findings highlighted the role of endogenous TSH/TSHR signaling in CD8+ T cell exhaustion and immune evasion in CRC. TSHR may be suitable as a predictive and therapeutic biomarker in CRC immunotherapy.
Expression of MxA in esophageal cancer cell lines can influence sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents but this does not require apoptosis
Authors: Hayes R. M. , O'Donovan T. R. , McKenna S. L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEsophageal cancer is a poor prognosis cancer characterized by intrinsic or acquired resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. The primary determinants of treatment failure are unknown. Expression of an anti‐viral protein, myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) is de‐regulated in many cancers, including esophageal cancer, and its activity has been linked to apoptosis. This study has assessed whether MxA expression can influence the response of esophageal cancer cells to the chemotherapeutic agents 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) or oxaliplatin. MxA protein was differentially expressed in a panel of five esophageal cancer cell lines. KYSE450 and KYSE140 cells did not express MxA and were apoptosis incompetent. FLO‐1, KYSE270, and OE21 cells expressed MxA, were more drug‐sensitive and were apoptosis competent. MxA was artificially overexpressed in cell lines with no endogenous expression (KYSE450 and KYSE140). This increased the resistance of KYSE450 but not KYSE140 cells. Both cell lines remained apoptosis incompetent. We then evaluated siRNA knockdown of MxA in FLO‐1 cells and CRISPR knockout in OE21 cells. Knockdown of MxA significantly increased drug sensitivity and caspase‐3 activation in FLO‐1 cells. OE21‐MX1KO cells were also more drug‐sensitive, but in contrast to FLO‐1 cells, caspase‐3 activation was reduced. Collectively these data indicate that MxA can promote resistance to chemotherapy, but this does not always correspond with effects on apoptosis. Effects on apoptosis are cell line specific, suggesting that other co‐operating pathways determine the overall impact of MxA. Importantly, in cancer cells that overexpress the protein, drug sensitivity can be improved by interfering with MxA.
Preparation, Characterization, In Vitro Biological Evaluation, DFT Calculations, and Molecular Docking Investigations of 1H‐Imidazole‐2‐Carboxylic acid and Histidine‐Based Mixed‐Ligand Complexes
Authors: Abd El‐Lateef Hany M. , Khalaf Mai M. , Abdou Aly 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMixed‐ligand complexes incorporating 1H‐Imidazole‐2‐Carboxylic acid (IMCA) and Histidine (LHIS) show promise for biomedical and biotechnological applications. This study synthesizes and characterizes FeIMCALHIS, CoIMCALHIS, and NiIMCALHIS coordination compounds using metal chloride salts (FeCl3.6H2O, CoCl2.6H2O, NiCl2.6H2O) in ethanolic solutions. The complexes are characterized by spectroscopic methods (IR, UV‐vis, and mass spectra), elemental analysis, conductivity, magnetic, and thermal analysis. Molar conductivity indicates their non‐electrolytic nature. UV‐vis spectra reveal absorption bands with pathochromic shifts, and electronic spectra show characteristic metal‐ligand transitions, indicating their structural configuration and coordination geometry. 3D geometry optimization shows six‐coordination around Fe(III) and Co(II) in FeIMCALHIS and CoIMCALHIS, and four‐coordination around Ni(II) in NiIMCALHIS. Analysis of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) suggests decreased electron donation ability upon coordination. Electronic structure parameters (HOMO, LUMO, ionization potential, energy gap, electron affinity, chemical potentials, and electronegativity) provide further insights into stability and reactivity. The metal complexes exhibit enhanced antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti‐inflammatory activity compared to individual ligands, with FeIMCALHIS showing notable antimicrobial activity. Molecular docking analysis reveals strong binding interactions with target proteins, highlighting their potential therapeutic applications.
Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complex with Substituted Benzimidazole: pH Directed Organelle‐Specific Localization Within Lysosome
Authors: Sil Subhra , Hussain Afaq , Das Sarma Jayasri , Gupta Parna 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe report the synthesis and pH dependent emission spectral behaviour of four emissive iridium(III) complexes (Ir1–Ir4) with two isomeric pairs of bis‐trifluoromethyl appended benzimidazole ligands. The imidazolyl hydrogen(N−H) has been replaced by phenyl groups (N−Ph) in two ligands to understand the impact of hydrogen bonding on the photophysical properties of the complexes and it indeed plays interesting role in the charge‐transfer dynamics. The pH dependent electronic spectral change is observed for two of the complexes. The enhancement of emission intensity is observed at different wavelength for pH<7 and pH>7 for Ir1 and Ir3. The emission sensing of biogenic amines with pka values ranging from 5.80–9.74 is reported along with cellular imaging. The complex Ir1 specifically localizes within lysosome (pH=4.5–5) and thus image this organelle with great precision. The detail electronic spectra and electrochemical behaviour were reported here along with TDDFT results.
Breast cancer cell derived exosomes reduces glycolysis of activated CD8 + T cells in a AKT‐mTOR dependent manner
Authors: Choudhury Abhishek , Chatterjee Soumya , Dalui Shauryabrota , Ghosh Pronabesh , Daptary Altamas Hossain , Mollah Golam Kibria , Bhattacharyya Arindam 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCytotoxic CD8+ T cells plays a pivotal role in the adaptive immune system to protect the organism against infections and cancer. During activation and response, T cells undergo a metabolic reprogramming that involves various metabolic pathways, with a predominant reliance on glycolysis to meet their increased energy demands and enhanced effector response. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) known as exosomes have been recognized as crucial signaling mediators in regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recent reports indicates that exosomes may transfer biologically functional molecules to the recipient cells, thereby facilitate cancer progression, angiogenesis, metastasis, drug resistance, and immunosuppression by reprogramming the metabolism of cancer cells. This study sought to enlighten possible involvement of cancer‐derived exosomes in CD8 + T cell glucose metabolism and discover a regulated signalome as a mechanism of action. We observed reduction in glucose metabolism due to downregulation of AKT/mTOR signalome in activated CD8 + T cells after cancer derived exosome exposure. In‐vivo murine breast tumor studies showed better tumor control and antitumor CD8 + T cell glycolysis and effector response after abrogation of exosome release from breast cancer cells. Summarizing, the present study establishes an immune evasion mechanism of breast cancer cell secreted exosomes that will act as a foundation for future precision cancer therapeutics.
Do autism and psychopathy co‐occur? A systematic review and clinical discussion
Authors: Murphy David , Walker Freya , Broyd Josephine 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the prevalence is unknown, psychopathy can be a possible co‐occurring condition associated with autism especially among forensic populations. However, the relationship between these two conditions remains poorly understood.AimsTo carry out a systematic review of the available literature exploring the relationship between autism and psychopathy.MethodsA systematic literature review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines using terms for autism and psychopathy to search the literature databases Scopus, Pubmed, Web of Science, ASSIA, APA Psych Info, Medline and EMBASE from 1980 to March 2024. For inclusion, we required that a recognised measure of autism and psychopathy or associated features of the latter had been used.ResultsOf the 4230 potential articles identified, 37 met the selection criteria. Insufficient and inconsistent methodologies for data pooling meant that a narrative analysis was used. Although there is some overlap, four broad themes emerged relating to (1) assessment and frequency of co‐occurrence, (2) behavioural and neurophysiological expressions of empathy, (3) behavioural contagion effects, mirroring, mimicry and other linking mechanisms and (4) emotional face perception and theory of mind characteristics. Within these areas there are some specific differences between the two conditions. However, the research to date examining the relationship between autism and psychopathy has mostly been with children and males, carried out with non‐clinical non‐forensic populations, as well as using self‐report measures and parental ratings. Prior research has also largely focused on looking for differences between these conditions rather than co‐occurrence.ConclusionThis review outlines a case for considering autism and psychopathy as distinct, but potentially co‐occurring conditions and highlights the need for more research into how the two conditions interact with clinical populations. There also appears to be a need for guidelines on when and how to assess psychopathy with autistic individuals and a better understanding of the therapeutic needs and factors influencing the long‐term outcomes of autistic individuals who may also present with co‐occurring psychopathy.
PLS‐Guided Mutant Recombination to Improve the Stability of Bovine Enterokinases Obtained by Directed Evolution
Authors: Li Weina , Shen Weinfeng , Venanzi Niccolo A. E. , Zhang Cheng , Li Yiwen , Fan Daidi , Dalby Paul A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractActivity and thermostability are critical yet challenging to improve simultaneously in enzymes. Using directed evolution, we previously identified bovine enterokinase (EKL) variants with enhanced soluble expression and thermal stability. Partial least‐squares (PLS) analysis of 321 EKL variants revealed the impact of individual mutations and identified neutral or detrimental mutations in top‐performing variants. Leveraging PLS rankings, we created new variants with fewer mutations and enhanced stability. Most original and PLS‐guided variants exhibited an activity‐stability trade‐off. However, two new triple‐ and quadruple‐mutants improved both activity and stability, surpassing the trade‐off limit. Recombining PLS‐guided mutations likely eliminated neutral or harmful mutations, enhancing stability. MD simulations linked residue‐specific dynamics with stability, pinpointing critical structural regions near aggregation‐prone areas. Our findings validate PLS as a potent strategy to enhance enzyme properties, complementing directed evolution.
Catalytic Reductive Addition of Imine for Chiral Amine Synthesis: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives
Authors: Xia Tingting , Yu Zhiying , Wu Xianqing , Qu Jingping , Chen Yifeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOptically active amine represents the most important structure motif in natural products and biologically active compounds. Stereoselective reductive addition of imine with the utilization of electrophilic component offers a concise and operationally simple method for the synthesis of chiral amines. This review mainly highlights recent significant synthetic methodology developments in reductive addition of imine for chiral amine synthesis including chiral auxiliary‐mediated diastereoselective transformation, asymmetric transition metal catalysis, organocatalysis, and enzymatic catalysis. In addition, the electrophilic reagents scopes and mechanistic aspects have also been introduced in this review.
Electrochemical Deconstructive Methoxylation of Arylalcohols–A Synthetic and Mechanistic Investigation
Authors: Maashi Hussain A. , Lewis‐Atwell Toby , Harnedy James , Grayson Matthew N. , Morrill Louis C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHerein, we report a mechanistic investigation of a recently developed electrochemical method for the deconstructive methoxylation of arylalcohols. A combination of synthetic, electroanalytical, and computational experiments have been performed to gain a deeper understanding of the reaction mechanism and the structural requirements for fragmentation to occur. It was found that 2‐arylalcohols undergo anodic oxidation to form the corresponding aromatic radical cations, which fragment to form oxocarbenium ions and benzylic radical intermediates via mesolytic cleavage, with further anodic oxidation and trapping of the benzylic carbocation with methanol to generate the observed methyl ether products. It was also found that the electrochemical fragmentation of 2‐arylalkanols is promoted by structural features that stabilize the oxocarbenium ions and/or benzylic radical intermediates formed upon mesolytic cleavage of the aromatic radical cations. With an enhanced understanding of the reaction mechanism and the structural features that promote fragmentation, it is anticipated that alternative electrosynthetic transformations will be developed that utilize this powerful, yet underdeveloped, mode of substrate activation.