bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unexpected Synthesis of 1,3,4‐Oxadiazines using extraordinary effect of SBA‐Pr‐SO3H as the Nano–catalyst
Authors: Fathi Vavsari Vaezeh , Mohammadi Ziarani Ghodsi , Balalaie Saeed , Badiei Alireza , Golmohammadi Farhad , Ramezanpour Sorour , Rominger Frank 
Published: April 2017

AbstractUnexpected synthesis of 1,3,4‐oxadiazines has been accomplished through three‐component reaction of cyclohexyl isocyanide, hydrazide derivatives and cyclic ketones in the presence of a catalytic amount of SBA−Pr‐SO3H as an efficient catalyst. A range of spirooxadiazine derivatives were synthesized in high yields in a concise way. The same three‐component reaction in the presence of other acidic catalysts led to the synthesis of hydrazino amides. The formation of 1,3,4‐oxadiazines is related to the pore size and structure of SBA−Pr‐SO3H which spatial orientation of intermediate onto it leads to the formation of the oxadiazine ring.
Catalytic Performance of Ferrierite with Different Crystal Grain Sizes during Skeletal Isomerization of 1‐Butene
Authors: Hu Yunfeng , Xu Chenyu , Zhang Haiyan , Wang Yueyuan , Deng Jun , Zhang Hongsheng 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFerrierite (FER) zeolite with small crystal grain size was successfully prepared by a kind of hydrothermal synthesis with aging procedure using ethylenediamine (EDA) as template. The zeolite was characterized by a series of analyses. Aging procedure decreased the crystal grain sizes and no significant change was found in the ratio of Si/Al and acid sites. Eventually, FER zeolite with small crystal grain size ranging from 150nm to 800nm showed high isobutene selectivity and good stability during skeletal isomerization of 1‐butene. The reaction was divided into two stages because of the change in the conversion of 1‐butene. Coke deposited at reaction stage II primarily caused the deactivation of FER zeolite. FER Zeolite with small crystal grain led to not only a lower rate of coke deposition but also more coke content than FER zeolite with normal crystal grain size.
Photoluminescence and Scintillation Modulation Upon UV/X‐ray‐Induced Photochromism in Europium Tungstate Phosphors
Authors: Sobrinho Ms. Josiane A. , Monteiro Jorge H. K. S. , Davolos Marian R. , Cebim Marco A. , Pires Ana M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractRare earth (RE) tungstates with general formula REW2O6(OH)3 (RE = YIII or EuIII) were synthesized by hydrothermal method by using different citric acid contents. The prepared samples exhibit both UV and X‐ray‐induced photochromism at room temperature, as well as photomodulated luminescence. The presence of citric acid residues improves the photochromism when the samples are UV‐irradiated, but has a secondary effect when the material is exposed to X‐ray, evidencing particular mechanisms of action in each case. The emission profiles, in its turn, are similar independently of irradiation source. The continuous irradiation leads to color changes of samples concomitantly to the suppression of EuIII emission, without variations in the point symmetry of EuIII, but showing differences in the quenching behaviour according the excitation energy. The observed photochromic effect is stable and persists for several hours, which can be reversed by heating the irradiated material in air for a few minutes, when the restitution of emission intensity takes place. The observed properties make these materials promising for ionizing radiation detection and optical data storage.
Crystal and Electronic Structures of [5]Radialene Substituted with Quintuple 1,3‐Dithiol‐2‐ylidenes and Its Oxidative Species
Authors: Ueda Masafumi , Shirahata Takashi , Misaki Yohji 
Published: April 2017

AbstractX‐ray structure analysis of the [5]radialene with quintuple 1,3‐benzodithiol‐2‐ylidenes (4) and its tetracation salt, 4 a⋅CS2 and (4 a)4+(ReO4–)4(CH3CN), was successfully carried out. The neutral [5]radialene molecule in 4⋅CS2 adopted a non‐planar structure with an envelope conformation of the central five‐membered ring. In contrast, the central five‐membered ring of 4 a4+ in (4 a)4+(ReO4−)4(CH3CN) adopted a planar structure with significant contribution of an aromatic cyclopentadienide structure. An anion‐π interaction was observed between the ReO4– anion and the central five‐membered ring in (4 a)4+(ReO4–)4(CH3CN). The electronic structures of 4 a and its oxidative species (4 a2+ and 4 a4+) were estimated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The optimized structure of 42+ suggested the delocalization of a positive charges over two 1,3‐benzodithiol‐2‐ylidene units through the central five‐membered ring.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of N‐Sulfonylphenyl glyoxamide‐Based Antimicrobial Peptide Mimics as Novel Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Yu Tsz Tin , Nizalapur Shashidhar , Ho Kitty K. K. , Yee Eugene , Berry Thomas , Cranfield Charles G. , Willcox Mark , Black David StC , Kumar Naresh 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAntibiotic resistance is a major global health concern. There is an urgent need for the development of novel antimicrobials. Recently, phenylglyoxamide‐based small molecular antimicrobial peptide mimics have been identified as potential new leads to treat bacterial infections. Here, we describe the synthesis of novel phenylglyoxamide derivatives via the ring‐opening reaction of N‐sulfonylisatins with primary amines, followed by conversion into hydrochloride, quaternary ammonium iodide or gunidinium salts. The antibacterial activity of the compounds against Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated by in vitro assays. Structure‐activity relationship studies revealed that 5‐bromo‐substituent at the phenyl ring, octyl group appended to the ortho sulfonamide group or guanidine hydrochloride salt as the terminal group significantly contributed to potency. The most potent compound, the gunidinium salt 35 d, exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 12 μM and a therapeutic index of 15. It also demonstrated its potential to act as antimicrobial pore‐forming agent. Overall, the results identified 35 d as a new lead antimicrobial compound.
Intriguing Catalytic Activity of Surface Active Gold‐Platinum Islands on Nano‐Porous Au in Determining Efficient Direct Formic Acid Oxidation Pathway
Authors: Ganesh P. Anandha , Jeyakumar D. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractGold‐platinum nano‐porous structures (Au100‐xPtx NPoS) with unique surface enriched Au−Pt islands are synthesised through a galvanic replacement strategy from Au100‐xAg2x nano‐alloys with ultra‐low platinum loading (x=1.25, 2.5 and 5). Formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR) on Au100‐xPtx/C NPoS shows a distinct peak at around 0.5 V related to CO2 formation. A characteristic peak at around 1.5 V increases with increasing FA concentration owing to the direct FAOR by nano‐porous Au centers. FAOR peaks and If/Ib peak current ratios indicates that, Au100‐xPtx/C NPoS facilitates direct FAOR pathway unlike HiSPEC Pt/C (dehydration pathway). Based on the enhanced chrono‐amperometric response, Tafel behaviour and mass activity values, Au97.5Pt2.5/C NPoS (5.5 A/mgPt) reflects as the optimal catalyst for efficient FAOR. The intriguing catalytic role of surface enriched Au−Pt islands present on nano‐porous Au greatly helps in determining the superior FAOR activity in Au97.5Pt2.5/C NPoS towards direct dehydrogenation pathway at ultra‐low Pt content compared to other NPoS and HiSPEC Pt/C catalysts.
Trajectories of well‐being during an exercise randomized controlled trial: The role of exposure and exercise experiences
Authors: de Vries Juriena D. , van Hooff Madelon L.M. , Geurts Sabine A.E. , Kompier Michiel A.J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe examined how process factors were related to the development of various indicators of well‐being during the course of an exercise randomized controlled trial aimed at reducing fatigue among university students. We investigated (a) whether actual exposure to the exercise sessions was related to differences in students' trajectories of well‐being, (b) the minimally required exposure to exercise needed before well‐being started to differ between the intervention and control condition, and (c) whether exercise experiences (enjoyment and detachment) were related to differences in well‐being trajectories. University students with high levels of fatigue were randomly allocated to a 6‐week exercise intervention (n = 50) or wait list (n = 49). All participants were measured before, 5 times during, and at the end of the intervention period. Multilevel analyses showed that exercisers with high exposure showed an increase in self‐efficacy whereas those with low exposure did not. Effects of exercise on well‐being became visible after 2 to 4 weeks during the intervention period and (partly) depended on the extent of psychological detachment. We recommend that both outcomes and process factors throughout the intervention period should be measured in order to better understand “when” and “under what conditions” an exercise intervention works.
Gender and Conflict since 1914
Authors: Carden-Coyne Ana 
Published: April 2017

The First World War was a turning point for modern globalised warfare. It involved the inclusion of women in 'war efforts', the homefront becoming the warzone, and produced millions of wounded and disabled men. At the same time, it incited an extraordinary arsenal of gendered discourses, practices and beliefs in the service of militarism, power structures and personal agency.
This insightful collection of interdisciplinary essays, by a wide-ranging team of experts, draws out critical themes emanating from 1914. Spanning the First and Second World Wars, through to the Vietnam War, the 'War on Terror' and the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, the volume asks what has changed and what has continued? Ana Carden-Coyne demonstrates adeptly how understanding gender during periods of conflict has ongoing relevance across the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.
Morphological study of the antennal sensilla in Gerromorpha (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera)
Authors: Nowińska A. , Brożek J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe external morphology and distribution of the antennal sensilla of 21 species from five families of semiaquatic bugs (Gerromorpha) were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Nine main types were distinguished based on their morphological structure: sensilla trichoidea, sensilla chaetica, sensilla leaflike, sensilla campaniformia, sensilla coeloconica, sensilla ampullacea, sensilla basiconica, sensilla placoidea and sensilla bell-mouthed. The specific morphological structure of one type of sensilla (bell-mouthed sensilla) was observed only in Aquarius paludum. Several subtypes of sensilla are described, differentiated by number, location and type of sensillum characteristic for each examined taxon. The present study provides new data about the morphology and distribution of the antennal sensilla in Gerromorpha.
Ethanol‐Modified Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of the Bioactive Lipid Components of Camelina sativa Seed
Authors: Belayneh Henok D. , Wehling Randy L. , Reddy Anji K. , Cahoon Edgar B. , Ciftci Ozan N. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCamelina sativa seed is an underutilized oil source that attracts a growing interest, but it requires more research on its composition and processing. Its high omega‐3 content and growing demand for clean food processing technologies make conventional oil extraction less attractive. In this study, the effect of extraction methods on the bioactive lipid composition of the camelina seed lipid was investigated, and its bioactive lipid composition was modified at the extraction stage using ethanol‐modified supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO2). Ethanol‐modified SC‐CO2 extractions were carried out at varying temperatures (50 and 70 °C), pressures (35 and 45 MPa), and ethanol concentrations (0–10%, w/w), and were compared to SC‐CO2, cold press, and hexane extraction. The highest total lipid yield (37.6%) was at 45 MPa/70 °C/10% (w/w) ethanol. Phospholipids and phenolic content increased significantly with ethanol‐modified SC‐CO2 (p < 0.05). SC‐CO2 with 10% (w/w) ethanol concentration selectively increased phosphatidylcholine (PC) content. Apparent solubility of camelina seed lipids in SC‐CO2, determined using the Chrastil model, ranged from 0.0065 kg oil/kg CO2 (35 MPa/50 °C) to 0.0133 kg oil/kg CO2 (45 MPa/70 °C). Ethanol‐modified SC‐CO2 extraction allowed modification of the lipid composition that was not possible with the conventional extraction methods. This is a promising green method for extraction and fractionation of camelina seed lipids to separate and enrich its bioactives.
Three-Dimensional Photography for Quantitative Assessment of Penile Volume-Loss Deformities in Peyronie's Disease
Authors: Margolin Ezra J. , Mlynarczyk Carrie M. , Mulhall John P. , Stember Doron S. , Stahl Peter J. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Background
Non-curvature penile deformities are prevalent and bothersome manifestations of Peyronie's disease (PD), but the quantitative metrics that are currently used to describe these deformities are inadequate and non-standardized, presenting a barrier to clinical research and patient care.

Aim
To introduce erect penile volume (EPV) and percentage of erect penile volume loss (percent EPVL) as novel metrics that provide detailed quantitative information about non-curvature penile deformities and to study the feasibility and reliability of three-dimensional (3D) photography for measurement of quantitative penile parameters.

Methods
We constructed seven penis models simulating deformities found in PD. The 3D photographs of each model were captured in triplicate by four observers using a 3D camera. Computer software was used to generate automated measurements of EPV, percent EPVL, penile length, minimum circumference, maximum circumference, and angle of curvature. The automated measurements were statistically compared with measurements obtained using water-displacement experiments, a tape measure, and a goniometer.

Outcomes
Accuracy of 3D photography for average measurements of all parameters compared with manual measurements; inter-test, intra-observer, and inter-observer reliabilities of EPV and percent EPVL measurements as assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient.

Results
The 3D images were captured in a median of 52 seconds (interquartile range = 45–61). On average, 3D photography was accurate to within 0.3% for measurement of penile length. It overestimated maximum and minimum circumferences by averages of 4.2% and 1.6%, respectively; overestimated EPV by an average of 7.1%; and underestimated percent EPVL by an average of 1.9%. All inter-test, inter-observer, and intra-observer intraclass correlation coefficients for EPV and percent EPVL measurements were greater than 0.75, reflective of excellent methodologic reliability.

Clinical Translation
By providing highly descriptive and reliable measurements of penile parameters, 3D photography can empower researchers to better study volume-loss deformities in PD and enable clinicians to offer improved clinical assessment, communication, and documentation.

Strengths and Limitations
This is the first study to apply 3D photography to the assessment of PD and to accurately measure the novel parameters of EPV and percent EPVL. This proof-of-concept study is limited by the lack of data in human subjects, which could present additional challenges in obtaining reliable measurements.

Conclusion
EPV and percent EPVL are novel metrics that can be quickly, accurately, and reliably measured using computational analysis of 3D photographs and can be useful in describing non-curvature volume-loss deformities resulting from PD.
Low parental awareness about energy (calorie) recommendations for children’s restaurant meals: findings from a national survey in the USA
Authors: Lynskey Vanessa M , Anzman-Frasca Stephanie , Harelick Linda , Korn Ariella , Sharma Shanti , Simms Stephanie , Economos Christina D 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo assess parental awareness of per-meal energy (calorie) recommendations for children’s restaurant meals and to explore whether calorie awareness was associated with parental sociodemographic characteristics and frequency of eating restaurant food.DesignCross-sectional online survey administered in July 2014. Parents estimated calories (i.e. kilocalories; 1 kcal=4·184 kJ) recommended for a child’s lunch/dinner restaurant meal (range: 0–2000 kcal). Responses were categorized as ‘underestimate’ (<400 kcal), ‘accurate’ (400–600 kcal) and ‘overestimate’ (>600 kcal). Confidence in response was measured on a 4-point scale from ‘very unsure’ to ‘very sure’. Logistic regressions estimated the odds of an ‘accurate’ response and confident response (‘somewhat’ or ‘very sure’) by parental sociodemographic characteristics and frequency of eating from restaurants. Sampling weights based on demographics were incorporated in all analyses.SettingUSA.SubjectsParents (n 1207) of 5–12-year-old children.ResultsOn average, parents estimated 631 (se 19·4) kcal as the appropriate amount for a 5–12-year-old child’s meal. Thirty-five per cent answered in the accurate range, while 33·3 and 31·8 % underestimated and overestimated, respectively. Frequent dining at restaurants, lower income and urban geography were associated with lower odds of answering accurately. Parents’ confidence in their estimates was low across the sample (26·0 % confident) and only 10·1 % were both accurate and confident.ConclusionsParent education about calorie recommendations for children could improve understanding and use of menu labelling information in restaurants. Targeted strategies are recommended to ensure that such efforts address, rather than exacerbate, health disparities.
Differential Risk Profiles for Reactive and Proactive	Aggression
Authors: Jung Janis , Krahé Barbara , Busching Robert 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. This two-wave longitudinal study identified configurations of social rejection, affiliation with aggressive peers, and academic failure and examined their predictivity for reactive and proactive aggression in a sample of 1,479 children and adolescents aged between 9 and 19 years. Latent profile analysis yielded three configurations of risk factors, made up of a non-risk group, a risk group scoring high on measures of social rejection (SR), and a risk group scoring high on measures of affiliation with aggressive peers and academic failure (APAF). Latent path analysis revealed that, as predicted, only membership in the SR group at T1 predicted reactive aggression at T2 17 months later. By contrast, only membership in the APAF group at T1 predicted proactive aggression at T2.
Elevated levels of Bcl-3 inhibits Treg development and function resulting in spontaneous colitis
Authors: Reißig Sonja , Tang Yilang , Nikolaev Alexei , Gerlach Katharina , Wolf Christine , Davari Kathrin , Gallus Christian , Masri Joumana , Mufazalov Ilgiz A. , Neurath Markus F. , Wunderlich F. Thomas , Schattenberg Jörn M. , Galle Peter R. , Weigmann Benno , Waisman Ari , Glasmacher Elke , Hövelmeyer Nadine 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBcl-3 is an atypical NF-κB family member that regulates NF-κB-dependent gene expression in effector T cells, but a cell-intrinsic function in regulatory T (Treg) cells and colitis is not clear. Here we show that Bcl-3 expression levels in colonic T cells correlate with disease manifestation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Mice with T-cell-specific overexpression of Bcl-3 develop severe colitis that can be attributed to defective Treg cell development and function, leading to the infiltration of immune cells such as pro-inflammatory γδT cells, but not αβ T cells. In Treg cells, Bcl-3 associates directly with NF-κB p50 to inhibit DNA binding of p50/p50 and p50/p65 NF-κB dimers, thereby regulating NF-κB-mediated gene expression. This study thus reveals intrinsic functions of Bcl-3 in Treg cells, identifies Bcl-3 as a potential prognostic marker for colitis and illustrates the mechanism by which Bcl-3 regulates NF-κB activity in Tregs to prevent colitis.
An intermolecular FRET sensor detects the dynamics of T cell receptor clustering
Authors: Ma Yuanqing , Pandzic Elvis , Nicovich Philip R. , Yamamoto Yui , Kwiatek Joanna , Pageon Sophie V. , Benda Aleš , Rossy Jérémie , Gaus Katharina 
Published: April 2017

AbstractClustering of the T-cell receptor (TCR) is thought to initiate downstream signalling. However, the detection of protein clustering with high spatial and temporal resolution remains challenging. Here we establish a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) sensor, named CliF, which reports intermolecular associations of neighbouring proteins in live cells. A key advantage of the single-chain FRET sensor is that it can be combined with image correlation spectroscopy (ICS), single-particle tracking (SPT) and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). We test the sensor with a light-sensitive actuator that induces protein aggregation upon radiation with blue light. When applied to T cells, the sensor reveals that TCR triggering increases the number of dense TCR–CD3 clusters. Further, we find a correlation between cluster movement within the immunological synapse and cluster density. In conclusion, we develop a sensor that allows us to map the dynamics of protein clustering in live T cells.
Antibiotic-producing symbionts dynamically transition between plant pathogenicity and insect-defensive mutualism
Authors: Flórez Laura V. , Scherlach Kirstin , Gaube Paul , Ross Claudia , Sitte Elisabeth , Hermes Cornelia , Rodrigues Andre , Hertweck Christian , Kaltenpoth Martin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPathogenic and mutualistic bacteria associated with eukaryotic hosts often lack distinctive genomic features, suggesting regular transitions between these lifestyles. Here we present evidence supporting a dynamic transition from plant pathogenicity to insect-defensive mutualism in symbiotic Burkholderia gladioli bacteria. In a group of herbivorous beetles, these symbionts protect the vulnerable egg stage against detrimental microbes. The production of a blend of antibiotics by B. gladioli, including toxoflavin, caryoynencin and two new antimicrobial compounds, the macrolide lagriene and the isothiocyanate sinapigladioside, likely mediate this defensive role. In addition to vertical transmission, these insect symbionts can be exchanged via the host plant and retain the ability to initiate systemic plant infection at the expense of the plant’s fitness. Our findings provide a paradigm for the transition between pathogenic and mutualistic lifestyles and shed light on the evolution and chemical ecology of this defensive mutualism.