bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficiently Adapting Stateless Model Checking for C11/C++11 to Mixed-Size Accesses
Authors: Sato Shigeyuki , Mizuhashi Taiyo , Kimura Genki , Taura Kenjiro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractStateless model checking (SMC) is crucial for productivity in verified concurrent programming, and its recent developments for C/C++ and weak memory models are remarkable. The state-of-the-art SMC for C, GenMC, efficiently verifies C programs based on C11 atomics and pthreads. However, it does not support mixed-size accesses, accesses to the same memory region with different-sized types, even though they are ubiquitous in C/C++, particularly the code for memory management. As a result, GenMC does not work for C/C++ programs containing memory management. To resolve this problem, we develop a method of adapting GenMC to mixed-size accesses preserving its optimality. We experimentally evaluate the efficiency of our extended implementation of GenMC and its efficacy for memory management programs.
Carvacrol potentiates immunity and sorafenib anti-cancer efficacy by targeting HIF-1α/STAT3/ FGL1 pathway: in silico and in vivo study
Authors: Yousef Eman H. , El Gayar Amal M. , Abo El-Magd Nada F. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHypoxia and tumor cell immunological escape greatly hinder the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment efficiency. This study is designed to investigate the capability of carvacrol (CVR) to enhance sorafenib (SOR) anti-cancer efficacy and modulate anti-HCC immunity. CVR target and biological activities were predicted using Swiss Target Prediction website and PASS web server. UALCAN and LinkedOmics databases were used to examine hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) expression and the relationship between studied genes and tumor clinical features. Kaplan–Meier plotter (KM plotter) and TISIDB databases were used to illustrate correlation of HIF-1α with HCC prognosis and immune infiltration. The binding affinities of CVR to p300, KAT2B, CREBBP, and Hsp90 were demonstrated by molecular docking. In vivo analysis was performed in male Sprague–Dawley rats. The STAT3, JAK2, and fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) expressions were assessed by qRT-PCR. FGL1 was determined by ELISA. CD8+ T cell number was counted by flow cytometry. HIF-1α was determined by immunohistochemistry. CVR showed an HIF-1α inhibitory potential, which is highly expressed in HCC tissues. Also, elevated HIF-1α expression has been found to be correlated with clinicopathological characteristics, poor survival in HCC patients, and tumor immune cell infiltration. CVR/SOR enhanced liver functions and decreased AFP level. CVR/SOR hindered HCC progression by downregulating STAT3, JAK2, and FGL1. CVR/SOR induced tumor immunity via increasing CD8+ T cells. CVR/SOR is a powerful combination for tumor repression and enhancing SOR efficiency in HCC by modulating FGL1. Moreover, CVR/SOR might exert the aforementioned effects through HIF-1α/STAT3/FGL1 pathway.
Enhanced three-dimensional particle detection in microcirculation experiments with defocus particle tracking and ghost red blood cells
Authors: Coutinho Gonçalo , Warlitz Philipp , Silva-Santos Ana R. , Prazeres Duarte M. , Moita Ana , Kriegseis Jochen , Moreira António , Rossi Massimiliano 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExperimental investigations on the motion of rigid particles in microcirculation environments are still scarce owing to the three-dimensional (3D) motion of the particles and to the particle image masking due to the presence of the red blood cells (RBCs). Despite the recent progress on the 3D tracking of rigid particles in RBC flows with defocus particle tracking (DPT) methods, the problem of particle image masking remains to be solved. Here, we propose, test, and evaluate the use hemoglobin-free RBCs, also known as ghost RBCs, as a replacement for normal RBCs in experiments with rigid particles in microcirculation environments. We performed DPT measurements of a pressure-driven flow of normal and ghost RBC suspensions seeded with rigid particles at three different flow rates. We show that the quasi-transparent appearance of ghost RBCs, as a result of the lack of hemoglobin, eliminates the RBC-induced masking of the defocused particle images and allows to achieve the particle matching standards found in cell-free experiments. In fact, ghost RBC suspensions enable the tracking of the rigid particles across the entire height of the microchannel, which was not possible in normal RBC flows. On a fluid dynamic level, we show that ghost RBC suspensions provide similar conditions to normal RBCs in terms of the velocity of the rigid particles and the rigid particles exhibit similar lateral dynamics in both types of cell suspensions. In essence, the findings from this work demonstrate that ghost RBCs are a well-suited replacement for normal RBCs in experiments aiming at deciphering the motion of rigid particles in microcirculation environments.
Graphical abstract
How preoperative upper gastrointestinal investigations affect the management of bariatric patients: results of a cohort study of 897 patients
Authors: Poljo Adisa , Reichl Jakob J. , Schneider Romano , Süsstrunk Julian , Klasen Jennifer M. , Fourie Lana , Billeter Adrian T. , Müller Beat P. , Peterli Ralph , Kraljević Marko 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Preoperative diagnostic protocols vary worldwide, some prioritizing safety while others question routine procedures. Building on prior research, this study explores the impact of diverse preoperative findings on bariatric management and procedure selection.

Methods
In a retrospective analysis of prospective data of over 1000 bariatric surgery patients from January 2017 to December 2022 undergoing primary laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) were analyzed. Preoperative assessment included upper endoscopy, upper GI series, and esophageal manometry. Sonography data were excluded. The primary endpoint examined the influence of preoperative exams on procedure selection, the secondary endpoint evaluated their therapeutic impact.

Results
897 patients (741 RYGB, 156 SG) were included. All underwent upper endoscopy, revealing common findings such as type C gastritis and reflux esophagitis. Upper endoscopy prompted a therapeutic consequence in 216 patients (24.3%), resulting in a number needed to screen (NNS) of 4.1. Upper GI series and manometry were more frequently performed before LSG. Upper GI series detected hiatal hernias and motility disorders but did not result in any change of procedures. Esophageal manometry found pathologies in 37 (25.3%) patients rising to 41.5% if symptoms were present. Overall, 16 (1.8%) patients experienced a change in the planned procedure, with 14 changes prompted by preoperative findings and two by technical difficulties.

Conclusion
We advise routine upper endoscopies for all patients undergoing LRYGB or LSG, while reserving upper GI series only for selected cases. Manometry should be exclusively performed on symptomatic patients undergoing LSG, ensuring a balanced and individualized preoperative assessment.

Graphical abstract
Climate-related risk to maize crops in China from Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda
Authors: Urhausen Steffi , Bradshaw Catherine D. , Davie Jemma , Eyre Dominic , Hemming Deborah , Li Hongmei , Taylor Bryony , Zhang Feng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, invaded China late in 2018 and was responsible for substantial crop losses, especially to maize. This work focuses on the suitability of climate across China for Fall Armyworm survival and spread. It uses climate metrics derived with guidance from experts to enable assessment of the risks posed by Fall Armyworm on maize production in different regions of China. The locations and time of year when temperature conditions are within a viable range for Fall Armyworm survival (minimum temperature higher than 9.7$$^\circ$$

∘

C and maximum temperature lower than 39.2$$^\circ$$

∘

C) are used to estimate the spatial distribution of winter breeding and overwintering zones, which helps understand the regions and timing of Fall Armyworm migration risk into northern maize production regions. In addition, meridional wind conditions across the Yangtze River basin area are assessed, and a metric of migration potential from the winter breeding and overwintering regions in the south towards northern regions with maize production is established. Results show that temperature during the winter months currently limits Fall Armyworm winter breeding populations to the very southern regions of China (and bordering countries to the south). However, due to the consistent timing and direction of the East Asian Summer Monsoon winds, the Fall Armyworm could easily be directed northwards to the Yangtze River basin during summer months with a peak in July. For this reason, pest management actions against the Fall Armyworm on summer maize should be taken.
Epiretinal membrane: an overview and update
Authors: Matoba Ryo , Morizane Yuki 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEpiretinal membrane (ERM) is a frequently diagnosed macular disease associated with aging, characterized by a fibrous membrane forming on the internal limiting membrane (ILM) and leading to visual dysfunctions such as metamorphopsia. Various hypotheses regarding the pathology of metamorphopsia have been proposed; however, the complete pathophysiologic mechanism underlying ERM remains unclear. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides detailed images enabling precise diagnosis and characterization of ERM, with several recent studies using the latest OCT imaging techniques. Surgical removal of ERM is the only treatment option; however, criteria for surgical intervention are not established, complicating the decision-making processes. Furthermore, the debate on whether simultaneous peeling of the ILM during ERM surgery enhances outcomes or poses unnecessary risks is ongoing, with no definite conclusion having yet been reached. This review also focuses on epiretinal proliferation, which is different from ERM and is characteristic of lamellar macular hole (LMH). Recently, diagnostic criteria for LMH and related diseases were proposed. Reports on effective surgical procedures for LMH exist, although more research is needed to confirm the long-term outcomes. Thus, this review article aims to provide an overview and updated knowledge of ERM, LMH, and related diseases.
Using Geographic Momentary Assessment to Explore Spatial Environment Influences on Wellbeing in People With HIV
Authors: Gasik Rayna E. , Smith Ethan A. , Skeen Simone J. , Tokarz Stephanie , Clum Gretchen , Felker-Kantor Erica , Theall Katherine P. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Place-based socio-economic and racial inequities contribute to health disparities among people with HIV (PWH). We used geographic ecological momentary assessment (GEMA) methodologies to explore the interplay between psychosocial outcomes in daily diaries and community spatial measures among PWH in New Orleans. PWH (N = 69) were recruited from a clinic-based cohort study. Micro-longitudinal data were collected via smartphone-based daily diaries and geospatial tracking over 14 days. First, correlations were run between diary derived outcomes (e.g., feeling safe in current location, stress), and spatial measures (e.g., violent crime, alcohol outlets, and vacant lots) within a half-mile buffer around each diary point to understand the real time associations between mood and space. Next, we fit multilevel models, controlling for between-person effects, to assess within-person associations between accumulative spatial daily violence exposure (50m, 100m and 200m buffers), and measures of daily mood and coping. Violent crime, alcohol outlets and vacant lots were inversely correlated with feeling safe and positively correlated with perceived ease of obtaining drugs. Vacant lots were positively associated with stress and inversely correlated with positive mood. Within individuals, higher daily accumulated violence exposure was associated with increased rumination at the 50m buffer level, decreased trust in oneself and others at the 100m buffer, and decreased ratio of positive/negative mood at all buffers. Our results emphasize the intricate interplay between mental wellness, coping mechanisms, and spatial measures in PWH. Future research and interventions for PWH should consider how spatial factors may influence PWH in terms of mental health and care engagement.
Characteristics and Views of Young Unaccompanied Migrants Transitioning to Independent Living in the Catalan (Spain) Protection System
Authors: Sanz-Escutia Clara , Arnau-Sabatés Laura , Sala-Roca Josefina 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn Spain, unaccompanied migrant minors receive care provision from the government. This article analyzes the experience of unaccompanied young migrants in the protection system of Catalonia (Spain) and their preparation for the transition to independent living. A survey with 90 unaccompanied migrant youths who were about to leave care was conducted. The results show that many of the participants were in non-specific transitional housing placements (67.7%), with scarce opportunities for developing basic independent living skills. Moreover, 29.4% of young people were not aware of the existence of an emancipation plan, and 10.3% felt that they had not received any preparation for independent living. Although only 24.4% had completed secondary education or higher, the majority were enrolled in some form of training (82.2%). Nevertheless, most of the young people had had some paid unskilled work experience (83.3%) in their countries of origin. Despite this, when interviewed, only 10% of the participants were working, and their prospects for emancipation were challenging. Their main concerns were their legal status (40.2%), finding a job (41.4%), and finding a place to live once they reached legal age (34.2%). Moreover, the youths’ social support networks were very precarious: 43.5% could count on only one person or no one at all when they needed material support, and their main source of support was educators. Implications for social work practice are discussed.
Secondary School Students’ Enacted Self-Regulated Learning Strategies in a Computer-Based Writing Task–Insights from Digital Trace Data and Interviews
Authors: Aksela Olli , Lämsä Joni , Järvelä Sanna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractStudying in digital learning environments highlights the skills needed to regulate one’s own learning. In youth, students are acquiring and developing these skills, but for many students, effectively self-regulating their learning is challenging. To design support in this regard, an in depth understanding of how and why their self-regulated learning (SRL) is enacted is needed. This study focuses on secondary school students’ enacted SRL strategies in a computer-based, multi-source writing task to detect and explain differences between high- and low-performing students. To address this aim, the students’ SRL processes during the task were captured using digital trace data (N = 50, navigational log, mouse, and keyboard data) and supplemented with stimulated recall interviews (n = 17). Raw trace data were parsed by implementing an existing theory-based process library that automatically detects the SRL processes. The durations and network properties of and transitions between the SRL processes of students in the highest and lowest essay score tertiles were investigated, involving the novel application of network metrics, and a qualitative content analysis for the stimulated recall data was performed. The results show that successful students differed from less successful ones regarding the time they allotted for the SRL processes, the number of distinct transitions between them, as well as transition probabilities. The successful students expressed a larger proportion of and different cyclical patterns of SRL processes during the task. The student interviews contextualise these findings and complement them by revealing qualitative differences in students’ monitoring of learning. This study provides novel insights into SRL among young students in computer-based writing task and suggests approaches for designing effective, personalised support for students’ adaptive learning strategies, which can be useful in developing educational technology and teacher education.
Exposure to firearm injury and suicide in a rural Pennsylvania county: implications for mental and behavioral health
Authors: Stansfield Richard , Semenza Daniel C. , Ziminski Devon 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo evaluate the association between self-reported gun violence exposures and mental health and behavioral health indicators in a rural population. Using cross-sectional survey responses from 630 residents of a rural county in Pennsylvania, logistic regression models estimate the likelihood of residents indicating moderate or severe levels of health outcomes as a function of gun violence exposure. We control for a series of variables related to gun ownership, behavior, history with firearms and demographic characteristics. Personal firearm victimization was associated with self-reported depressive symptoms and interrupted sleep. Secondary exposure to firearm violence, particularly exposure to friends attempting or completing a suicide, was associated with higher odds of reporting severe levels (14 days or more in the past month) of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and poor sleep. For firearm suicide involving a friend or family member, the odds of reporting severe levels of all three outcomes are 3 times greater (OR 2.984, 95% CI 1.457–6.108). For each additional firearm exposure, the odds of experiencing severe levels of mental health and sleep difficulties are 1.4 times greater (OR 1.384, 95% CI 1.115–1.720). Cumulative exposures also increase the odds of reporting binge drinking and drug use. Firearm violence exposure was associated with adverse health indicators in this rural population. Approaches to counter the effects of cumulative firearm exposure and firearm suicide exposure, including reinvigorating community spaces and strengthening social supports, may help to reduce mental health burden in rural communities.
Neutralization and CO2 fixation behavior of alkaline recycled soil using column tests with CO2 ventilation
Authors: Mon Su Myat , Sakaguchi Aya , Hayano Kimitoshi , Yamauchi Hiromoto 
Published: October 2024

AbstractColumn tests were conducted to elucidate the pH neutralization and CO2 fixation behavior of alkaline recycled soils permeated with CO2. The ventilation period required for complete CO2 fixation (tEOF) was estimated from the test results of each column. The maximum amount of CO2 captured per gram of dry soil ((mCO2)max) was determined based on the inflow and outflow of CO2 for each specimen. The investigation into the effects of soil density, specimen height, CO2 gas concentration, and flow rate on tEOF and (mCO2)max revealed that tEOF increased with higher dry density (ρd) or specimen height (H), as a denser and larger specimen consumed more CO2 gas. Conversely, tEOF decreased with a higher CO2 gas concentration (C) or flow volume (Q) because a low C or Q resulted in an insufficient CO2 gas supply to match the consumption induced by the reaction. Lower C and Q tended to yield higher (mCO2)max, whereas higher ρd and H resulted in higher (mCO2)max. Furthermore, (mCO2)max increased with tEOF, with a slight reduction in pH after neutralization with increased tEOF. This phenomenon was attributed to the longer ventilation period enabling more Ca to react with the CO2 gas and maintain the equilibrium state of the reaction. Finally, the evaluation of the CO2 consumption rate (CSR) for each column specimen revealed that a higher C and Q resulted in a lower CSR, whereas a higher H resulted in a higher CSR. Additionally, a longer tEOF was associated with a higher CSR, although some variation was observed.
Multimodal human–computer interaction in interventional radiology and surgery: a systematic literature review
Authors: Schreiter Josefine , Heinrich Florian , Hatscher Benjamin , Schott Danny , Hansen Christian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
As technology advances, more research dedicated to medical interactive systems emphasizes the integration of touchless and multimodal interaction (MMI). Particularly in surgical and interventional settings, this approach is advantageous because it maintains sterility and promotes a natural interaction. Past reviews have focused on investigating MMI in terms of technology and interaction with robots. However, none has put particular emphasis on analyzing these kind of interactions for surgical and interventional scenarios.

Methods
Two databases were included in the query to search for relevant publications within the past 10 years. After identification, two screening steps followed which included eligibility criteria. A forward/backward search was added to identify more relevant publications. The analysis incorporated the clustering of references in terms of addressed medical field, input and output modalities, and challenges regarding the development and evaluation.

Results
A sample of 31 references was obtained (16 journal articles, 15 conference papers). MMI was predominantly developed for laparoscopy and radiology and interaction with image viewers. The majority implemented two input modalities, with voice-hand interaction being the most common combination—voice for discrete and hand for continuous navigation tasks. The application of gaze, body, and facial control is minimal, primarily because of ergonomic concerns. Feedback was included in 81% publications, of which visual cues were most often applied.

Conclusion
This work systematically reviews MMI for surgical and interventional scenarios over the past decade. In future research endeavors, we propose an enhanced focus on conducting in-depth analyses of the considered use cases and the application of standardized evaluation methods. Moreover, insights from various sectors, including but not limited to the gaming sector, should be exploited.
Das Konzept der Dysfunktionen im Dimensionalen Modell der Persönlichkeitsstörung und seine Abgrenzung zu den Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen
Authors: Herpertz Sabine C. 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungFunktionelle Beeinträchtigungen bzw. Dysfunktionen bilden den konzeptionellen Rahmen der Klassifikation der Persönlichkeitsstörungen in DSM‑5 und ICD-11. Dysfunktionen repräsentieren die grundlegenden psychologischen und biologischen Systeme, die den Kern der Persönlichkeitsstörungen (P.S.) bilden. Sie implizieren die Bewertung metakognitiver Prozesse im Sinne eines reflexiven Selbst, die untrennbar mit zwischenmenschlichen Prozessen interagieren. Mehr als die Persönlichkeitsmerkmale stehen die Dysfunktionen in Wechselbeziehung mit dem (sozialen) Kontext. Zudem spiegeln sie die dynamischen Aspekte der P.S. wider, die sowohl die akute, situationsabhängige Variabilität, also auch die langsamen Oszillationen im Zusammenhang mit entwicklungsbedingten und chronischen Herausforderungen, einschließen. Schließlich sind Dysfunktionen das Target therapeutischen Handelns auf der Grundlage eines Verständnisses der Prozesse, die Veränderung unterliegen.