bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
At Home in the Neolithic: Understanding Diversity in Neolithic Houses and Households
Authors: Bickle Penny , Chan Ben , Czerniak Lech , Pyzel Joanna , Tsoraki Christina 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn the Editorial for the special edition on Neolithic Housesholds, we introduce the history of
house and household studies in European Neolithic Archaeology and outline the papers in this collection.
Adaptations Associated With an After-School Strength and Conditioning Program in Middle-School-Aged Boys: A Quasi-Experimental Design
Authors: Thompson Brennan J. , Stock Matt S. , Mota Jacob A. , Drusch Alexander S. , DeFranco Ryan N. , Cook Tyler R. , Hamm Matthew A. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Thompson, BJ, Stock, MS, Mota, JA, Drusch, AS, DeFranco, RN, Cook, TR, and Hamm, MA. Adaptations associated with an after-school strength and conditioning program in middle-school aged boys: a quasi-experimental design. J Strength Cond Res 31(10): 2840–2851, 2017—High-intensity strength and conditioning programs aimed at improving youth performance are becoming increasingly prevalent. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 16-week after-school strength and conditioning program on performance and body composition in middle-school-aged boys. Subjects in the training group (n = 16, mean age = 11.8 years) performed 90 minutes of supervised plyometric and resistance training twice weekly for 16 weeks. A group of control subjects (n = 9, age = 12.1 years) maintained their current activity levels. Sprint speed, 5-10-5 proagility, jump height, isometric peak torque of the leg extensors and flexors, and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry-derived body composition were examined during pretesting and posttesting. Data were analyzed by performing independent samples t-tests on the absolute change scores between groups. The primary findings were that the training intervention elicited significant improvements in 20-m sprint times (p = 0.03; mean change for training group = −0.17 seconds) and body-fat percentage (p = 0.03; 2.5% absolute improvement), the latter of which was a function of reduced fat mass (p = 0.06; −0.84 kg). Between-group differences were not noted for agility, jump height, lean mass, or strength measures; however, effect sizes generally showed greater improvements for the training group. In contrast to findings in longitudinal studies performed in collegiate athletes, sprint speed may be particularly adaptable during adolescence. In addition to potentially improving sport performance, high-intensity plyometric and resistance training programs offer the added benefit of improved body composition. These programs appear less effective for agility and jump performance and do not elicit substantial improvements in muscle mass above maturation.
Physical Characteristics and Performance of Japanese Top-Level American Football Players
Authors: Yamashita Daichi , Asakura Masaki , Ito Yoshihiko , Yamada Shinzo , Yamada Yosuke 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Yamashita, D, Asakura, M, Ito, Y, Yamada, S, and Yamada, Y. Physical characteristics and performance of Japanese top-level American football players. J Strength Cond Res 31(9): 2455–2461, 2017—This study aimed to compare the physical characteristics and performance between top-level nonprofessional football players in Japan and National Football League (NFL) Combine invited players and between top-level and middle-level players in Japan to determine the factors that enhance performance in international and national competitions. A total of 168 American football players (>20 years) in Japan participated in an anthropometric (height and weight) and physical (vertical jump, long jump, 40-yard dash, pro-agility shuttle, 3-cone drill, and bench press repetition test) measurement program based on the NFL Combine program to compete in the selection of candidates for the Senior World Championship. All players were categorized into 1 of the 3 position groups based on playing position: skill players, big skill players, and linemen. Japanese players were additionally categorized into selected and nonselected players for the second tryout. The NFL Combine candidates had significantly better performance than selected Japanese players on all variables except on performance related to quickness among the 3 position groups. Compared with nonselected players, selected Japanese skill players had better performance in the 40-yard dash and bench press test and big skill players had better performance in the vertical jump, broad jump, and 40-yard dash. Selected and nonselected Japanese linemen were not different in any measurements. These results showed the challenges in American football in Japan, which include not only improving physical performance of top-level players, but also increasing the number of football players with good physical performance.
Shaping the Output of Lumbar Flexor Motoneurons by Sacral Neuronal Networks
Authors: Cherniak Meir , Anglister Lili , Lev-Tov Aharon 
Published: December 2016

The ability to improve motor function in spinal cord injury patients by reactivating spinal central pattern generators (CPGs) requires the elucidation of neurons and pathways involved in activation and modulation of spinal networks in accessible experimental models. Previously we reported on adrenoceptor-dependent sacral control of lumbar flexor motoneuron firing in newborn rats. The current work focuses on clarification of the circuitry and connectivity involved in this unique modulation and its potential use. Using surgical manipulations of the spinal gray and white matter, electrophysiological recordings, and confocal microscopy mapping, we found that methoxamine (METH) activation of sacral networks within the ventral aspect of S2 segments was sufficient to produce alternating rhythmic bursting (0.15–1 Hz) in lumbar flexor motoneurons. This lumbar rhythm depended on continuity of the ventral funiculus (VF) along the S2–L2 segments. Interrupting the VF abolished the rhythm and replaced it by slow unstable bursting. Calcium imaging of S1–S2 neurons, back-labeled via the VF, revealed that ∼40% responded to METH, mostly by rhythmic firing. All uncrossed projecting METH responders and ∼70% of crossed projecting METH responders fired with the concurrent ipsilateral motor output, while the rest (∼30%) fired with the contralateral motor output. We suggest that METH-activated sacral CPGs excite ventral clusters of sacral VF neurons to deliver the ascending drive required for direct rhythmic activation of lumbar flexor motoneurons. The capacity of noradrenergic-activated sacral CPGs to modulate the activity of lumbar networks via sacral VF neurons provides a novel way to recruit rostral lumbar motoneurons and modulate the output required to execute various motor behaviors.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSpinal central pattern generators (CPGs) produce the rhythmic output required for coordinating stepping and stabilizing the body axis during movements. Electrical stimulation and exogenous drugs can reactivate the spinal CPGs and improve the motor function in the absence of descending supraspinal control. Since the body-stabilizing sacral networks can activate and modulate the limb-moving lumbar circuitry, it is important to clarify the functional organization of sacral and lumbar networks and their linking pathways. Here we decipher the ascending circuitry linking adrenoceptor-activated sacral CPGs and lumbar flexor motoneurons, thereby providing novel insights into mechanisms by which sacral circuitry recruits lumbar flexors, and enhances the motor output during lumbar afferent-induced locomotor rhythms. Moreover, our findings might help to improve drug/electrical stimulation-based therapy to accelerate locomotor-based rehabilitation.
Associations of sit-up ability with sarcopenia classification measures in Japanese older women
Authors: Abe Takashi , Yaginuma Yu , Fujita Eiji , Thiebaud Robert S. , Kawanishi Masashi , Akamine Takuya 
Published: December 2016

To test the hypothesis that sit-up performance is associated with sarcopenia classification measures, 93 older women aged 53–78 years were divided into three groups based on achieved repetitions (30 s) for the sit-up performance test: Group 0 (G 0, n = 33) performed 0 repetitions, Group 1–9 (G 1–9, n = 30) performed between 1 and 9 repetitions, and Group 10+ (G 10+, n = 30) performed over 10 repetitions. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-derived appendicular lean soft tissue mass (aLM), handgrip strength (HGS), usual walking speed, and chair stand were measured, and low muscle mass (aLM index) and poor physical function were defined according to previous studies. Age and body mass index were similar among the three groups. HGS was higher in G 10+ compared with G 0. The prevalence rate of low muscle mass was 30% for G 0, 20% for G 1–9, and 3% for G 10+. Low HGS was observed in both G 0 (24%) and G 1–9 (20%), but not in G 10+. Only two persons in G 0 were classified as slow walking speed. Our results suggest that sit-up performance may be a useful indicator to determine the extent of sarcopenia because low muscle mass and poor function were almost non-existent in individuals who could perform over 10 sit-ups.
XFEM/Level-set for modelling of coated inclusion composites
Authors: Binh Tran Anh 
Published: December 2016

In this paper, Extended Finite Element method (XFEM) is used to model the embedded coated inclusion composite. The coated inclusion with finite thickness is associated with two level-set functions, which describe its inside and outside interfaces. A simple integration rule is employed for numerical quadrature in elements cut by two interfaces. Accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach are demonstrated through 3D numerical examples and applied to homogenization of such materials.
Wireless Gigabit untuk komunikasi pitalebar [Broadband communication in Wireless Gigabit]
Authors: Admaja Awangga Febian Surya , Ariyanti Sri 
Published: December 2016

Pertumbuhan trafik data yang semakin meningkat menyebabkan kebutuhan komunikasi pitalebar menjadi semakin tinggi, hal tersebut dapat diatasi dengan penggunaan pita 60 GHz sebagai jaringan wireless gigabit. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana potensi penggunaan pita 60 GHz di Indonesia dengan melakukan wawancara terhadap regulator dan operator seluler, serta melihat kondisi regulasi dalam negeri dan ketentuan internasional. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pita 60 GHz memiliki potensi penggunaan dengan skema perizinan yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi penerapan. Kanal yang memiliki alokasi peruntukannya paling sedikit dalam tasfri berdasarkan ketentuan ITU adalah kanal 2 dan 3 sedangkan pada kanal 4 di rentang 63,72-65,88 GHz pengalokasian paling sedikit hanya ada di pita 64-65 GHz.*****The increasing growth of data traffic led to higher demand for broadband communications. This demand problem can be overcome by the use of the 60 GHz band as gigabit wireless networking spectrum. This study aims to see the potential use of the 60 GHz band in Indonesia, through in-depth interviews with regulators and by looking at the regulatory conditions domestically and internationally. The results show that the 60 GHz band has the potential use as long as the licensing scheme is adapted to the application conditions. Channels having the fewest allocation for wireless gigabit based on tasfri are channel 2 and 3, while channel 4, in the range of 63.72-65.88 GHz, has the least allocated spectrum on 64-65 GHz band.
Analisis Efektivitas Perangkat pada Program Desa Broadband Terpadu [Analysis of Device Effectiveness in Integrated Broadband Village Program]
Authors: Hamjen Hilarion 
Published: December 2016

Pemerintah berkomitmen mendukung pertumbuhan e-commerce dan ekonomi digital di Indonesia untuk mencapai visi Indonesia 2020 sebagai negara ekonomi digital terbesar di Asia Tenggara. Secara fundamental diperlukan dukungan konektivitas nasional dari tingkat pusat sampai ke tingkat lokal, salah satunya melalui program KPU/USO yaitu program DBT (Desa Broadband Terpadu). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas perangkat pada program DBT phase 1 dan keterkaitannya dengan konektivitas, dengan menggunakan metode analisis kepentingan kinerja dan uji statistik Chi square. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa efektivitas perangkat meliputi variabel kondisi, fungsi, pemeliharaan dan pemanfaatan rata-rata adalah 84,5 persen. Dengan nilai efektivitas tersebut diketahui bahwa keseluruhan variabel kondisi perangkat, fungsi dan pemanfaatannya tidak mempengaruhi konektivitas. *****The Indonesian government has a strong commitment in supporting the growth of e-commerce and Digital Economy in Indonesia to attain Indonesia’s vision by 2020 as the largest digital economy nation in Southeast Asia. Fundamentally, the national connectivity supports from central level to local level are needed, where one of them comes from Integrated Broadband Village program. This research determines the effectiveness of devices in the DBT program and its correlation to the connectivity, by using importance-performance analysis method and Chi-square statistical test. It is known from the result that the effectiveness of devices, including condition, function, maintenance, and utilization variables, achieves 84.5 percent on average. The value shows that all mentioned variables have insignificant correlations to the connectivity.
Hydrocortisone induce bradyarrhythmias: a case report
Authors: Soni Rahul , Kumar Ravi , Debnath Jayita 
Published: December 2016

<p class="abstract">Steroids are common drugs used in various disorders and are also known to have adverse effects on all systems. In cardiovascular system, it can cause various conduction abnormalities in the heart. In this report we describe recurrence of bradycardia in a patient of urosepsis after using hydrocortisone<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p>
Functional outcome of surgery done for carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Thomas Mathew P. 
Published: December 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common, chronic and disabling condition afflicting many people. The common age at onset is 40 to 50, although a person of any age may be affected. The diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome is often based on clinical findings alone. Electro-diagnostic studies of carpal tunnel syndrome were first established in 1956 by demonstrating focal slowing of median nerve conduction at wrist. This study is meant to evaluate the functional outcome of carpal tunnel release surgery done in Al Azhar Medical College from 2012-2014.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 50 cases (5 cases being bilateral) of carpal tunnel syndrome were operated between 2012 to 2014. All cases were done under local anesthesia. Patients were retrospectively evaluated and interviewed for 2 months follow up after the surgery.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of the 50 patients who had undergone surgery, 44 patients (88%) had symptomatic relief in the first 10 days. Remaining patients had symptomatic relief in 2 months time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Surgery is always the preferred treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome. In my study, 6 patients (12%) had long standing carpal tunnel syndrome, hence it took 2 months for symptomatic relief. Remaining patients had symptomatic relief in the first 10 days. </p>
Intra-articular dexmedetomidine and clonidine for postoperative analgesia in arthroscopic knee surgery
Authors: Dhar Rabinarayan , Nayak Satya Prasanna 
Published: December 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Many drugs have been used for postoperative pain management which is a common and distressing symptom after knee arthroscopy. But no single ideal intra-articular drug has been found. This study was done to assess the efficacy of intra-articular dexmedetomidine and clonidine for postoperative pain relief in patients undergoing arthroscopic knee surgeries<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Fifty patients of American Society of Anaesthesiologists of grade I/II, aged 20-70 years posted for arthroscopic knee surgery were randomly divided into groups I (clonidine group) and group II (dexmedetomidine group). 25 patients in group I received 1 µg/ kg of clonidine diluted to 20 ml in normal saline and group II patients received 1 µg/kg of dexmedetomidine diluted to 20 ml in normal saline via intra-articular route at the end of the surgery. Visual analogue score (VAS), time to give the first dose of analgesia and total dose of analgesic required in first 24 hours was evaluated in each group.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> VAS score was lower and time to first analgesic requirement was greater in Group II in comparison to Group I which was statistically significant. Total dose of analgesic used in Group II patients was significantly less compared to patients in Group I which was statistically significant<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Intra-articular dexmedetomidine is more effective in providing prolonged postoperative analgesia after arthroscopic knee procedures and reduces the total dose of analgesic required postoperatively compared to clonidine<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Transverse sacralization of lumbar vertebrae: prevalence according to Castellvi classification
Authors: Patel Juhi V. , Mehta Chetan M. , Patil Nandakishore G. , Sehgal Shreya R. 
Published: December 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Sacralization of L5 is a congenital anomaly, in which the lumbar vertebra, mainly its transverse process, gets fused or semi-fused with the sacrum or the ilium or to both. This fusion can occur in one or both sides of the body. Sacralization leads to fusion of the L5 (fifth lumbar vertebra) and S1 (first sacral vertebra) and the inter-vertebral disc between them may be narrow. Sacralization of lumbar vertebra may be asymptomatic but is not always clinically insignificant. While sacralization may not affect at all, it can cause problems in some cases. Sacralization may be at times associated with problems in biomechanics and affect the ways of movement and posture control. Sacralization may also be an important consideration in disc surgeries. This study has been carried out to find out prevalence of sacralisation of transverse process of fifth lumbar vertebrae<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present study of transverse sacralisation of fifth lumbar vertebra was carried out on 35 randomly selected patients. The sample consisted of patients undergoing CT scan for abdominal complains. Bone window of all patients were evaluated to look for lumbosacral transitional vertebra.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The prevalence of transverse sacralization of lumbar vertebra turned out to be 25.7% out of which Castellvi type IIb was found to be most common, accounting for 33.3% cases. 5.7% comprised the group of normal variant (Castellvi’s type I) and 68.6% were normal<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span>It is important to determine lumbosacral transitional vertebra as it can affect spinal movement and put excess stress on the lumbar vertebrae and in between disc. Moreover it</span> can have a bearing on counting of vertebral levels specially during planning of spinal surgey<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p> </p>
Acetabular fractures: an analysis on clinical outcomes of surgical treatment
Authors: Kandasamy Meenakshi Sundaram , Duraisamy Manivelavan , Ganeshsankar Kandasamy , Krishnan Kurup Vijayan Gopala , Radhakrishnan Shankar 
Published: December 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Acetabulum fractures are among the most serious injuries treated by orthopedic surgeons. People of all ages are vulnerable to these injuries. ORIF is considered the right treatment method for acetabular fractures. Patients who underwent this treatment had a good result. For the general orthopedic surgeon the treatment for displaced acetabular fracture is a challenging task. The aim of the study was to evaluate the functional outcome of surgically treated acetabular fractures.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective longitudinal study was undertaken in our hospital during the period of June 2011–June 2015. A total number of 32 patients were included in the study. All patients with the history of fall and pain in the pelvic region were examined clinically and radiologically by doing an X-ray of plain AP view of the pelvis as well as CT-scan. Fractures that were displaced by more than 5 mm with concomitant disruption of the bony continuity of the acetabular dome were treated surgically. The follow-up schedule was 3, 6 and 12 months post-operatively and subsequently at two years when the operative outcome had been finalized and final evaluation of fracture healing and functional outcome was performed.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Radiologic evaluation showed 88.5% of excellent or good results and 12.5% of fair or poor results, while clinical evaluation showed 90.6% of excellent or good results and 9.4% of fair or poor results. The clinical evaluation was done for the patients based on the D’Aubigne-Postel criterion. . Based on this criterion 90% of the patients had shown good to excellent results and for the remaining 10% of the patients it was between poor and fair.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In acetabular fractures open reduction and internal fixation was consistent with better anatomical reduction and functional outcome provided when it is carried out by an experienced surgeon and intervened within the first few days following the injury. </p>
Total knee replacement: a randomized study of clonidine and dexmedetomidine used for epidural postoperative analgesia
Authors: Nayak Satya Prasanna , Dhar Rabinarayan , Mohanty Debaprasad 
Published: December 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Epidural anaesthesia with adjuvant is the preferred method for intra and postoperative pain relief after total knee replacement surgeries but search for ideal adjuvant for prolonging the duration of postoperative analgesia without any side effect goes on. This study was conducted to evaluate the onset, extent and duration of sensory and motor block and side effects of clonidine or dexmedetomidine when used as an adjuvant in epidural anaesthesia in total knee replacement.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 60 patients of ASA status I and II, posted for total knee replacement were randomly allocated into two groups of 30 each. Group I group patients received 18 ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine and clonidine 2 mcg/kg in epidural route and Group II group patients received 18 ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine and dexmedetomidine 1.5 mcg/kg in epidural route. Intraoperative and postoperative block characteristics as well as hemodynamic parameters were observed and recorded.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Dexmedetomidine had an earlier onset and longer duration of sensory and motor block in comparison to clonidine. Sedation scores were statistically significant with dexmedetomidine group in comparison to clonidine group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Dexmedetomidine was a better than clonidine as an adjuvant to levobupivacaine in epidural anaesthesia in total knee replacement.</p>