bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcohol‐related diagnoses and increased mortality in acute myocardial infarction patients: An analysis of the nationwide inpatient sample
Authors: Yedlapati Siva Harsha , Mendu Anuradha , Stewart Scott H. 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUNDModerate alcohol consumption has been associated with lower risk of coronary heart disease death, but heavy alcohol consumption may increase risk.OBJECTIVEWe sought to determine the association of alcohol‐related diagnoses with in‐hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).DESIGN/SETTING/PATIENTSDischarge data collected from all admissions recorded in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2011. A cross‐sectional analysis was performed using regression methods appropriate for the NIS sample design.MEASURESThe outcome measures were in‐hospital mortality, length of stay, and cardiac procedures.RESULTSAMI accounted for 610,963 (1.9%) of adult in‐patient admissions, with an in‐hospital mortality rate of 5.3%. Alcohol‐related diagnoses were associated with increased mortality in AMI patients after controlling for factors associated with alcoholism including age, sex, liver disease, hypertension, diabetes, renal failure, peripheral vascular disease, arrhythmias, drug abuse, gastrointestinal bleed, and smoking (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2‐1.7, P < 0.001). This association was significant in both ST‐elevation myocardial infarction patients (adjusted OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.4‐2.2, P < 0.001) and non–ST‐elevation myocardial infarction patients (adjusted OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0‐1.7, P = 0.025). Chronic alcohol‐related diagnoses were significantly associated with death, but acute alcohol effects (as estimated by withdrawal and intoxication) were not associated.CONCLUSIONChronic alcohol‐related diagnoses were associated with a modest increase in the risk for death in individuals presenting with AMI. This risk was not accounted for by common alcohol‐related comorbidities. As a component of global efforts to limit hospital deaths from AMI, future research should identify the factors underlying this association. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2016;11:563–567. © 2016 Society of Hospital Medicine
Preliminary results for treatment of early stage breast cancer with endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy combined with endoscopic sentinel lymph node biopsy in China
Authors: Wang Zi‐Han , Qu Xiang , Teng Chang‐Sheng , Ge Zhi‐Cheng , Zhang Hui‐Ming , Yuan Zhu , Gao Yin‐Guang , Lu Can , Yu Jian‐An , Zhang Zhong‐Tao 
Published: April 2016

Background and ObjectivesTo evaluate efficacy and aesthetic outcome for combined endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy (E‐SM) and endoscopic sentinel lymph node biopsy (E‐SLNB) in early stage breast cancer patients.MethodsCombined E‐SM+E‐SLNB was compared to modified radical resection in a cohort of Chinese patients (n = 49) with stages I and II breast cancer. Patient satisfaction with the aesthetic results was assessed 1 year after surgery with a 5‐item‐by‐4‐step scoring system for evaluating cosmetic outcomes.ResultsAll patients were alive 1 year following surgery with no locoregional recurrence or distant metastases and without any critical complications. The average length of incision was less in patients receiving E‐SM+E‐SLNB (4.4 vs. 19.4 cm; P < 0.001), but time in surgery was longer (131.6 vs. 99.2 min; P = 0.024). After 1 year, nearly all E‐SM+E‐SLNB patients rated satisfaction with their appearance as excellent or good (23/24; 95.8% vs. 19/25; 76.0%; P < 0.001), and exhibited less disturbance of sensory (P < 0.001) and motor function (P = 0.014) relative to modified radical resection.ConclusionsE‐SM+E‐SLNB provides significant aesthetic and functional advantages for patients with early stage breast cancer without compromising medical efficacy as assessed at 16 months postsurgery. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:616–620. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical and radiological features of synchronous pure ground‐glass nodules observed along with operable non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Dai Chenyang , Ren Yijiu , Xie Huikang , Jiang Sen , Fei Ke , Jiang Gening , Chen Chang 
Published: April 2016

BackgroundIt is common to observe synchronous pure ground‐glass nodules (PGN) along with operable primary tumor on initial CT scans while clinical and radiological features of these PGNs remain unclear.MethodsWe included patients with primary tumor and PGNs detected between June 2010 and December 2013 retrospectively. The radiographic manifestations of all PGNs, pathologic findings of resected PGNs, and follow‐up outcomes of unresected PGNs were analyzed to determine the predictors of malignant PGNs.ResultsOverall, 84 PGNs in 71 patients were included, of which 41 were resected at primary surgery and 43 were followed up. In resected group, there were 17 carcinomatous PGNs, 11 atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, and 13 benign lesions. In a follow‐up group, 7 out of 43 PGNs grew, out of which four PGNs were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma and the remaining three PGNs were still followed up. In univariate analysis, size (P < 0.001), air bronchogram (P = 0.001), bubble lucency (P = 0.038), and pleural tag (P = 0.004) were the factors for malignant potential of PGNs. Multivariate analysis showed that size was an independent risk factor (P = 0.005), and the cut‐off value was 9.4 mm.ConclusionsThe initial size and imaging signs may be useful in assessing the malignant potential of synchronous PGNs before surgery. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:738–744. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The feasibility of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging for identifying and assessing the perfusion of parathyroid glands during total thyroidectomy
Authors: Zaidi Nisar , Bucak Emre , Yazici Pinar , Soundararajan Sarah , Okoh Alexis , Yigitbas Hakan , Dural Cem , Berber Eren 
Published: April 2016

BackgroundThere are limited adjuncts available for identifying and assessing the viability of parathyroid glands (PGs) during total thyroidectomy (TT). The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of indocyanine green (ICG) imaging in identifying and assessing perfusion of PGs during TT.MethodsICG was administered in patients undergoing TT and fluorescence of PGs was assessed. A grading scale was developed for assessing degree of ICG uptake. Patients were evaluated for hypocalcemia and hypoparathyroidism on post‐operative day (POD) #1.ResultsTwenty‐seven patients underwent TT with ICG imaging for multinodular goiter (n = 13), thyroid cancer (n = 10), and Graves’ disease (n = 4). Eight‐five PGs were identified visually, 71 (84%) of which showed ICG fluorescence. False negative rate was 6%. Post‐operatively, three patients (11%) had a serum calcium value <8 mg/dl. ICG uptake after TT correlated with post‐operative PTH levels: mean POD#1 PTH of those patients with at least two PGs exhibiting <30% fluorescence was 9 pg/ml; whereas those with fewer than two demonstrating <30% fluorescence had a POD#1 PTH of 19.5 pg/ml (P = 0.05).ConclusionICG imaging of PGs during TT is feasible. ICG might be a useful adjunct in identifying those patients at risk for post‐thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:775–778. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prophylactic pasireotide administration following pancreatic resection reduces cost while improving outcomes
Authors: Abbott Daniel E. , Sutton Jeffrey M. , Jernigan Peter L. , Chang Alex , Frye Patrick , Shah Shimul A. , Schauer Daniel P. , Eckman Mark H. , Ahmad Syed A. , Sussman Jeffrey J. 
Published: April 2016

Background and ObjectivesPasireotide decreases leak rates after pancreatic resection, though significant drug cost may be prohibitive. We conducted a cost‐effectiveness analysis to determine whether prophylactic pasireotide possesses a reasonable cost profile.MethodsA cost‐effectiveness model compared pasireotide administration after pancreatic resection versus usual care, populated by probabilities of clinical outcomes from a randomized trial and hospital costs (2013 US$) from a university pancreatic disease center. Sensitivity analyses were performed to identify influential clinical components of the model.ResultsWith the cost of pasireotide included, per patient costs of pancreatectomy, including those for readmission, were lower in the intervention arm (41,769 versus 42,159$; net savings of 390$, or 1%). This was associated with a 56% reduction in pancreatic fistula/pancreatic leak/abscess (PF/PL/A; 21.9–9.2%). Pasireotide cost would need to increase by over 15.4% to make the intervention strategy more costly than usual care. Sensitivity analyses exploring variability of key model inputs demonstrated that the three strongest drivers of cost were (i) cost of pasireotide; (ii) probability of readmission; and (iii) probability of PF/PL/A.ConclusionsProphylactic pasireotide administration following pancreatectomy is cost savings, reducing expensive post‐operative sequealae (major complications and readmissions). Pasireotide should be utilized as a cost‐saving measure in pancreatic resection. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:784–788. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Novel de novo EEF1A2 missense mutations causing epilepsy and intellectual disability
Authors: Lam Wayne W.K. , Millichap John J. , Soares Dinesh C. , Chin Richard , McLellan Ailsa , FitzPatrick David R. , Elmslie Frances , Lees Melissa M. , Schaefer G. Bradley ,   DDD study, Abbott Catherine M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundExome sequencing has led to the discovery of mutations in novel causative genes for epilepsy. One such gene is EEF1A2, encoding a neuromuscular specific translation elongation factor, which has been found to be mutated de novo in five cases of severe epilepsy. We now report on a further seven cases, each with a different mutation, of which five are newly described.MethodsNew cases were identified and sequenced through the Deciphering Developmental Disabilities project, via direct contact with neurologists or geneticists, or recruited via our website.ResultsAll the mutations cause epilepsy and intellectual disability, but with a much wider range of severity than previously identified. All new cases share specific subtle facial dysmorphic features. Each mutation occurs at an evolutionarily highly conserved amino acid position indicating strong structural or functional selective pressure.ConclusionsEEF1A2 should be considered as a causative gene not only in cases of epileptic encephalopathy but also in children with less severe epilepsy and intellectual disability. The emergence of a possible discernible phenotype, a broad nasal bridge, tented upper lip, everted lower lip and downturned corners of the mouth may help in identifying patients with mutations in EEF1A2.
Charter High Schools’ Effects on Long‐Term Attainment and Earnings
Authors: Sass Tim R. , Zimmer Ron W. , Gill Brian P. , Booker T. Kevin 
Published: April 2016

AbstractSince their inception in 1992, the number of charter schools has grown to more than 6,800 nationally, serving nearly three million students. Various studies have examined charter schools’ impacts on test scores, and a few have begun to examine longer‐term outcomes including graduation and college attendance. This paper is the first to estimate charter schools’ effects on earnings in adulthood, alongside effects on educational attainment. Using data from Florida, we first confirm previous research (Booker et al., ) that students attending charter high schools are more likely to graduate from high school and enroll in college. We then examine two longer‐term outcomes not previously studied in research on charter schools—college persistence and earnings. We find that students attending charter high schools are more likely to persist in college, and that in their mid‐20s they experience higher earnings.
Bio‐based aromatic copoly(ether ester)s with enhanced toughness and degradability: Influence of insertion of phenoxy‐ether linkage and eugenol‐derived composition on properties
Authors: Hu Keling , Zhao Dongping , Wu Guolin , Ma Jianbiao 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTTwo series of renewable nipagin and eugenol‐based copoly(ether ester)s, PDN11−xE1x and PDN11−xE2x (x = 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%), were prepared in the melt with 1,10‐decanediol as a comonomer. The synthesized poly(ether ester)s have weight‐average molecular weights (Mw) in the range of 20,400–37,200 g mol−1, and dispersity (D) values between 1.7 and 1.9. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) reveal that all the poly(ether ester)s exhibit a two‐step degradation mechanism with an initial degradation temperature above 350 °C. Results from differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WXRD) analyses demonstrate that the poly(ether ester)s are all semicrystalline materials with glass transition temperature (Tg) values ranging between −21.3 and −8.3 °C. The insertions of phenoxy‐ether linkage and eugenol‐derived composition have significant influence on the Tg, crystallinity, Young's modulus, and tensile strength, as well as the toughening effect and degradability. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016, 54, 2171–2183
Proteomic profile of platelets during reconstitution of platelet counts after apheresis
Authors: Thiele Thomas , Braune Johannes , Dhople Vishnu , Hammer Elke , Scharf Christian , Greinacher Andreas , Völker Uwe , Steil Leif 
Published: April 2016

PurposeCirculating platelets consist of subpopulations of different age. We designed an approach to remove platelets from circulation using platelet apheresis. We aimed to detect changes in the platelet proteome related to increased platelet turnover after apheresis to map candidate proteins, which may serve as markers of young platelets.Experimental designA healthy donor underwent three platelet apheresis procedures on three consecutive days. Blood was drawn at day 1 (baseline) and at days 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 for the analysis of the platelet proteome using LC‐ESI‐MS/MS and 2D‐DIGE.ResultsAmong 1017 proteins identified by LC‐ESI‐MS/MS, 54 changed in quantity throughout the course of the study. Potential markers of young platelets were 40S ribosomal protein SA, COP9 signalosome complex subunit 5, and proteins involved in clathrin‐mediated endocytosis signaling. Among 1036 protein spots observed by 2D‐DIGE, 45 spots displayed changes in fluorescence intensity. Identified spots contained IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 2, talin, moesin, myosin regulatory light chain 2, and coronin‐1C.Conclusions and clinical relevanceWe provide the proof of principle that a combination of platelet apheresis and proteomic approaches enables identification of changes in the platelet proteome that are related to platelet de novo synthesis.
Response and toxicity prediction by MALDI‐TOF‐MS serum peptide profiling in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Rovithi Maria , Lind Joline S. W. , Pham Thang V. , Voortman Johannes , Knol Jaco C. , Verheul Henk M. W. , Smit Egbert F. , Jimenez Connie R. 
Published: April 2016

PurposeWe validated a previously reported proteomic signature, associated with treatment outcome, in an independent cohort of patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A novel peptide signature was developed to predict toxicity.Experimental designUsing automated magnetic C18 bead‐assisted serum peptide capture coupled to MALDI‐TOF MS, we conducted serum peptide profiling of 50 NCSLC patients participating in a phase II trial of erlotinib and sorafenib. On the obtained peptide mass profiles, we applied a previously described proteomic classification algorithm. Additionally, associations between observed side effects and peptide profiles were investigated.ResultsApplication of the previously acquired algorithm successfully classified the new cohort of patients in groups significantly associated with the outcome. The “poor” group exhibited shorter median progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of 1.35 and 1.98 months (with p = 0.00677 and p = 0.00002, respectively) while the “good” group had significantly longer PFS and OS (10.63 and 14.4 months with p = 0.00142 and p = 0.00002, respectively), compared to average OS and PFS. Two specific peptides were detected in the sera of all patients that developed severe toxicity.Conclusions and clinical relevanceOur results provide an algorithm that, following prospective validation in larger cohorts, could assist treatment selection of patients with NSCLC in the first line setting.
Association of microRNA‐21 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and the risk of progression in advanced prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy
Authors: Guan Yangbo , Wu You , Liu Yifei , Ni Jian , Nong Shaojun 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUNDDespite androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) remains the mainstay therapy for advanced prostate cancer (PCa), the patients have widely variable durations of response to ADT. Unfortunately, there is limited knowledge of pre‐treatment prognostic factors for response to ADT. Recently, microRNA‐21 (miR‐21) has been reported to play an important role in development of castration resistance of CaP. However, little is known about the expression of miR‐21 in advanced PCa biopsy tissues, and data on its potential predictive value in advanced PCa are completely lacking.METHODSIn this study, paraffin‐embedded prostate carcinoma tissues obtained by needle biopsy from 85 advanced PCa patients were evaluated for the expression levels of miR‐21 by quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR). In situ hybridization (ISH) analysis was performed to further confirm the qRT‐PCR results. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression models were performed to investigate the correlation between miR‐21 expression and time to progression of advanced PCa patients.RESULTSCompared with adjacent non‐cancerous prostate tissues, the expression level of miR‐21 was significantly increased in PCa tissues (PCa vs. non‐cancerous prostate: 1.3273 ± 0.3207 vs. 0.9970 ± 0.2054, P < 0.001). By and large, in ISH analysis miR‐21 was expressed at a higher level in tumor areas than in adjacent non­cancerous areas. Additionally, PCa patients with higher expression of miR‐21 were significantly more likely to be of high Gleason score and high clinical stage (P < 0.05). There was no significant association between miR‐21 expression and the initial prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level or age at diagnosis. Moreover, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis found that PCa patients with high miR‐21 expression have shorter progression‐free survival than those with low miR‐21 expression. Furthermore, Multivariate Cox analysis revealed both miR‐21 expression status (P = 0.040) and clinical stage (P = 0.042) were all independent predictive factor for progression‐free survival for advanced PCa.CONCLUSIONThese findings suggest for the first time that the up‐regulation of miR‐21 may serve as an independent predictor of progress‐free survival in patients with advanced PCa. Prostate 76:986–993, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Modellbildung und Berechnung von Steuerstäben des Systems Meyer/Wunstorf
Authors: Mensinger Martin , Näßl Andreas , Hofbeck Alexander 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDas Steuerstabsystem Meyer/Wunstorf stellt ein seit vielen Jahrzehnten bewährtes System zur Abtragung von Brems‐ und Beschleunigungskräften bei schwimmend gelagerten Eisenbahnbrücken dar. Eine schwimmende Lagerung führt zu einem zentrierten thermischen Fixpunkt, somit zu einer geringeren Dehnlänge des Überbaus und ermöglicht im besten Falle die Einsparung der kosten‐ und wartungsintensiven Schienenauszüge. Diese werden im Regelfall bei Überbaulängen von mehr als 60 m notwendig. Die Auslegung des Steuerstabsystems Meyer/Wunstorf erfolgt in den meisten Fällen anhand eines vereinfachten statisch bestimmten Ersatzmodells (2D‐Stabwerk), das die bei Zugüberfahrten auftretenden Zwängungen und Steifigkeitseinflüsse aus der Gleis‐Tragwerks‐Interaktion nicht abbilden kann. Die genannten Einflüsse werden anhand von Berechnungen an einem Beispielbauwerk diskutiert und es wird eine Empfehlung zur zukünftigen Modellierung von Steuerstäben im Rahmen einer Schienenspannungsberechnung gegeben.Modelling and design of the control‐rod‐system Meyer/Wunstorf. The control‐rod‐system Meyer/Wunstorf represents a for many decades proven system for the load transfer of braking and acceleration forces on railway bridges with floating support. A floating bearing arrangement offers the advantage of a centered fixed‐point in case of thermal expansion of the superstructure and therefore a shorter expansion length. In the best case cost and maintenance‐intensive rail expansion joints can be avoided, which are usually necessary for superstructures with lengths of more than 60 m. In the majority of cases the design of the control‐rod‐system Meyer/Wunstorf is based on a simplified, statically determinate system. Therefore restraints caused by traffic loads and stiffness influences due to track‐structure‐interaction cannot be considered. These effects are discussed using calculations of an example structure and a recommendation for the modelling of control‐rod systems for rail stress analyses is given.
The development and validation of a learning progression for argumentation in science
Authors: Osborne Jonathan F. , Henderson J. Bryan , MacPherson Anna , Szu Evan , Wild Andrew , Yao Shi‐Ying 
Published: April 2016

AbstractGiven the centrality of argumentation in the Next Generation Science Standards, there is an urgent need for an empirically validated learning progression of this core practice and the development of high‐quality assessment items. Here, we introduce a hypothesized three‐tiered learning progression for scientific argumentation. The learning progression accounts for the intrinsic cognitive load associated with orchestrating arguments of increasingly complex structure. Our proposed learning progression for argumentation in science also makes an important distinction between construction and critique. We present validity evidence for this learning progression based on item response theory, and discuss the development of items used to test this learning progression. By analyzing data from cognitive think‐aloud interviews of students, written responses on pilot test administrations, and large‐scale test administrations using a Rasch analysis, we discuss the refinement both of our items and our learning progression to improve construct validity and scoring reliability. Limitations to this research as well as implications for future work on assessment of scientific argumentation are discussed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 53: 821–846, 2016
Investigating nature within different discursive and ideological contexts: case studies of Chinese and Indian coal capitals
Authors: WU PIN-HSIEN 
Published: April 2016

AbstractGiven that purely scientific accounts of ‘environmental performance’ and ‘development’ cannot fully explain the environment and its interactions with people, this paper investigates how nature has been historically and sociopolitically defined in different societies. The analyses and observations presented in this paper are based on a critical literature review and on case studies of two ‘coal capitals’, one in Guizhou in China and the other in Jharkhand in India. The study examines the historical representations of environmental campaigns (particularly from the 1950s to the 1990s) in the two countries, and discusses how historical, sociopolitical and ideological factors have affected conceptualizations of nature and how they are reflected nowadays in people's narratives concerning the environment. The paper concludes that the Chinese pattern of development, as well as of knowledge construction, reflects a greater intention of homogenizing the public with the language of development deployed by the centralized power; meanwhile, the Indian pattern allows a greater space for the representation of conflicts, including people's struggles against the state. The comparative analysis enriches our understanding of people's responses to official perceptions of the environment endorsed by modern science and governance.