bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Alcohol β‐Fluorination on Hydrogen‐Bond Acidity of Conformationally Flexible Substrates
Authors: Graton Jerome , Compain Guillaume , Besseau Francois , Bogdan Elena , Watts Joseph M. , Mtashobya Lewis , Wang Zhong , Weymouth‐Wilson Alex , Galland Nicolas , Le Questel Jean‐Yves , Linclau Bruno 
Published: December 2016

AbstractRational modulations of molecular interactions are of significant importance in compound properties optimization. We have previously shown that fluorination of conformationally rigid cyclohexanols leads to attenuation of their hydrogen‐bond (H‐bond) donating capacity (designated by pKAHY) when OH⋅⋅⋅F intramolecular hydrogen‐bond (IMHB) interactions occur, as opposed to an increase in pKAHY due to the fluorine electronegativity. This work has now been extended to a wider range of aliphatic β‐fluorohydrins with increasing degrees of conformational flexibility. We show that the observed differences in pKAHY between closely related diastereomers can be fully rationalized by subtle variations in populations of conformers able to engage in OH⋅⋅⋅F IMHB, as well as by the strength of these IMHBs. We also show that the Kenny theoretical Vα(r) descriptor of H‐bond acidity accurately reflects the observed variations and a calibration equation extended to fluorohydrins is proposed. This work clearly underlines the importance of the weak OH⋅⋅⋅F IMHB in the modulation of alcohol H‐bond donating capacity.
Platinum Complex Assemblies as Luminescent Probes and Tags for Drugs and Toxins in Water
Authors: Sinn Stephan , Biedermann Frank , De Cola Luisa 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA reactive phosphorescent probe for aza‐heterocyclic drugs and toxins was developed, affording a supramolecular emission‐switch‐on chemosensor in water. Complex formation of the heterocycles with a platinum(II) precursor proceeds readily at ambient conditions, allowing for facile analyte screening. Fifty‐two structurally diverse compounds were tested, out of which 23 pyridines, imidazoles, and triazoles formed strongly emissive complex aggregates. Importantly, they all can be clearly distinguished from each other through a principal component analysis, but often also by simple visual inspection, for example, by their emission color differences (large shifts from blue to red). Also, kinetic reaction profiles and time‐resolved emission features can provide valuable information for analyte distinction. The PtII complexes can be applied as emissive labels for drugs and biomolecules, owing to their advantageous photophysical properties and chemical stability in biological media such as blood.
Autologous stem cell transplantation for adult acute myelocytic leukemia in first remission—Better outcomes after busulfan and melphalan compared with busulfan and cyclophosphamide: A retrospective study from the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT)
Authors: Gorin Norbert‐Claude , Labopin Myriam , Czerw Tomasz , Pabst Thomas , Blaise Didier , Dumas Pierre‐Yves , Nemet Damir , Arcese William , Trisolini Silvia Maria , Wu Depei , Huynh Anne , Zuckerman Tsila , Meijer Ellen , Cagirgan Seckin , Cornelissen Jan , Houhou Mohamed , Polge Emmanuelle , Mohty Mohamad , Nagler Arnon 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUNDAutologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for adult acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a valid therapeutic option for patients with good‐risk and intermediate‐risk disease. The authors used the registry of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation to compare combined busulfan and melphalan (BUMEL) with combined busulfan and cyclophosphamide (BUCY) before transplantation.METHODSFrom 2005 to 2013, 853 patients with available cytogenetics underwent ASCT in first remission, including 257 after receiving BUMEL and 596 after receiving BUCY. The proportion of patients with good‐risk AML was lower in those who received BUMEL (14% vs 20%; P = .02). More patients who received BUMEL underwent autograft in molecular remission (89% vs 78%; P = .02). Three years after transplantation, the relapse incidence (RI) was 48.7%, the leukemia‐free survival (LFS) rate was 47.7%, the overall survival (OS) rate was 66.2%, and the nonrelapse mortality (NRM) rate was 3.6%.RESULTSPatients who underwent an autograft after receiving BUMEL fared better than those who underwent an autograft after receiving BUCY with a lower RI (39.5% vs 52.2%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.49‐0.87; P = .003) a better LFS (55.4% vs 44.6%; HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.53‐0.89; P = .005), and a better OS (73.8% vs 63%; HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.47‐0.82; P = .0007). There was no difference in the NRM rate (BUMEL vs BUCY, 4.5% vs 3.2%, respectively). Among 74 patients in the BUMEL group and 187 in the BUCY group who underwent autograft in molecular remission, the RI was 30% versus 51%, respectively (univariate analysis; P = .01), and the LFS rate was 66% versus 47%, respectively (univariate analysis; P = .03).CONCLUSIONSIn patients with AML in first complete remission who undergo ASCT, the BUMEL combination is a better preparative regimen. Cancer 2017;123:824–31. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Differential mutation frequencies in metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas versus primary tumors
Authors: Yilmaz Ayse Selen , Ozer Hatice Gulcin , Gillespie Jessica L. , Allain Dawn C. , Bernhardt Madison N. , Furlan Karina Colossi , Castro Leticia T. F. , Peters Sara B. , Nagarajan Priyadharsini , Kang Stephen Y. , Iwenofu O. Hans , Olencki Thomas , Teknos Theodoros N. , Toland Amanda Ewart 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUNDExome and targeted sequencing studies have identified potential driver mutations for a variety of tumor types. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most highly mutated cancers but typically is associated with low rates of metastasis and high survival rates. Nevertheless, metastatic cSCC is a significant health threat; up to 8800 individuals die each year of this disease.METHODSBecause it is difficult to predict which cSCCs are more likely to metastasize, and because to the best of the authors' knowledge there are no targeted therapies specifically designated for patients with metastatic cSCC, exome and/or targeted sequencing of 18 metastatic and 10 primary cSCCs was performed to identify mutations that were more frequent in metastatic tumors and might be targeted for therapeutic benefit. The authors compared their results with published sequencing results of an additional 223 primary tumors and 68 metastatic cSCCs.RESULTSThe authors identified genes demonstrating higher mutation frequencies in metastatic cSCC compared with primary tumors, including the chromatin remodeling gene lysine methyltransferase 2D (KMT2D) and the classic skin tumor suppressor tumor protein p53 (TP53), which was found to be mutated in 54% of primary tumors compared with 85% of metastatic tumors (P<.0001).CONCLUSIONSThese studies appear to uncover potential pathways that are important in metastatic cSCC and that broaden understanding of the biology contributing to aggressive tumor behavior. These results may lead to new therapeutic strategies. Cancer 2017;123:1184–1193. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Insights from the PLCO trial about prostate cancer screening
Authors: Gulati Roman , Albertsen Peter C. 
Published: December 2016

Updated results from the US‐based Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial show durability of earlier findings demonstrating that up to 6 rounds of annual prostate‐specific antigen testing does not reduce prostate cancer mortality in comparison with historical screening practice. Although trials in Europe have estimated that certain screening programs can reduce prostate cancer mortality in comparison with no screening, the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial demonstrates that there are limits to the benefit that can be achieved.See also pages 592‐9.
A randomized controlled trial of a multicomponent, targeted, low‐literacy educational intervention compared with a nontargeted intervention to boost colorectal cancer screening with fecal immunochemical testing in community clinics
Authors: Davis Stacy N. , Christy Shannon M. , Chavarria Enmanuel A. , Abdulla Rania , Sutton Steven K. , Schmidt Alyssa R. , Vadaparampil Susan T. , Quinn Gwendolyn P. , Simmons Vani N. , Ufondu Chukwudi B. , Ravindra Chitra , Schultz Ida , Roetzheim Richard G. , Shibata David , Meade Cathy D. , Gwede Clement K. 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUNDThe objective of the current study was to improve colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake with the fecal immunochemical test (FIT). The current study investigated the differential impact of a multicomponent, targeted, low‐literacy educational intervention compared with a standard, nontargeted educational intervention.METHODSPatients aged 50 to 75 years who were of average CRC risk and not up‐to‐date with CRC screening were recruited from either a federally qualified health center or a primary care community health clinic. Patients were randomized to the intervention condition (targeted photonovella booklet/DVD plus FIT kit) or comparison condition (standard Centers for Disease Control and Prevention brochure plus FIT kit). The main outcome was screening with FIT within 180 days of delivery of the intervention.RESULTSOf the 416 participants, 54% were female; the participants were racially and ethnically diverse (66% white, 10% Hispanic, and 28% African American), predominantly of low income, and insured (the majority had county health insurance). Overall, the FIT completion rate was 81%, with 78.1% of participants in the intervention versus 83.5% of those in the comparison condition completing FIT (P =  .17). In multivariate analysis, having health insurance was found to be the primary factor predicting a lack of FIT screening (adjusted odds ratio, 2.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.04‐4.26 [P =  .04]).CONCLUSIONSThe multicomponent, targeted, low‐literacy materials were not found to be significantly different or more effective in increasing FIT uptake compared with the nontargeted materials. Provision of a FIT test plus education may provide a key impetus to improve the completion of CRC screening. The type of educational material (targeted vs nontargeted) may matter less. The findings of the current study provide a unique opportunity for clinics to adopt FIT and to choose the type of patient education materials based on clinic, provider, and patient preferences. Cancer 2017;123:1390–1400. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Revisiting precipitation variability, trends and drivers in the Canary Islands
Authors: Sánchez‐Benítez Antonio , García‐Herrera Ricardo , Vicente‐Serrano Sergio M. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThe Canary Islands are characterized by their low availability of water resources and different studies have suggested a decrease of precipitation in the second half of the 20th century. Here, we have used the most complete precipitation data set available in the islands to create a dense high quality and homogeneous database, which was used to determine the spatio‐temporal precipitation patterns in the archipelago and the influence of oceanic and atmospheric teleconnections. We have produced a robust regionalization of the Canary Islands precipitation, with three patterns that characterizing the south of the most montainous islands and El Hierro and La Gomera, the north of the most montainous islands and the easternmost arid islands (Lanzarote and Fuerteventura), respectively. All of them show high interannual variability, with no significant trends, except in a few cases. We highlight the strong influence of weather types and teleconections, modulated by the orography, with the highest influence recorded in the first pattern. It must be stressed that the oceanic teleconnections (in special with the tropical North Atlantic surface temperature) are more important than the North Atlantic Oscillation to explain interannual variability of precipitation.
The development of autism spectrum disorders: variability and causal complexity
Authors: Wozniak Robert H. , Leezenbaum Nina B. , Northrup Jessie B. , West Kelsey L. , Iverson Jana M. 
Published: December 2016

The autism spectrum is highly variable, both behaviorally and neurodevelopmentally. Broadly speaking, four related factors contribute to this variability: (1) genetic processes, (2) environmental events, (3) gene × environment interactions, and (4) developmental factors. Given the complexity of the relevant processes, it appears unlikely that autism spectrum atypicalities can be attributed to any one causal mechanism. Rather, the development of neural atypicality reflects an interaction of genetic and environmental risk factors. As the individual grows, changes in neural atypicality, consequent variation in behavior, and environmental response to that behavior may become linked in a positive feedback loop that amplifies deviations from the typical developmental pattern.WIREs Cogn Sci2017, 8:e1426. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1426This article is categorized under:Neuroscience > Clinical NeuroscienceNeuroscience > Development
Risk of pathogen spillover to bighorn sheep from domestic sheep and goat flocks on private land
Authors: Heinse Laura M. , Hardesty Linda H. , Harris Richard B. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTBighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) across North America have suffered population losses due to polymicrobial pneumonia typically initiated by spillover events of bacteria from domestic sheep and goats. Because vaccination or treatment of individual animals remains an elusive goal and pneumonia often persists in bighorn herds for years or decades following infection, preventing contact between domestic and wild animals is widely accepted as the best prophylactic. For the past decade, most management efforts have focused on the risks associated with commercial sheep grazing on public lands; less attention has been paid to risks to bighorns from small flocks of domestic sheep and goats managed entirely on private land. We surveyed owners of 40 sheep or goat flocks located near bighorn sheep herds in central and southeastern Washington, USA, during 2014 and 2015, to better understand their knowledge level, management practices, and willingness to reduce risks. Over one‐third of sheep or goat owners had no knowledge of the potential for pathogen spillover to bighorns, but all were interested in reducing risk of interacting with bighorns, particularly by options that did not restrict their autonomy. We also sampled nasal mucosae of 137 animals in 24 flocks for presence of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, the bacterium most closely associated with bighorn pneumonia. M. ovipneumoniae was detected in 37.5% of sheep or goat flocks sampled, and animals had escaped their enclosures in 78% of these. Physical contact, and thus pathogen spillover from domestic sheep or goats living in small, private flocks in close proximity to bighorns is clearly a risk. We provide recommendations to agency staff on identifying, prioritizing and testing small herds, and then working with owners to reduce the risk of pathogen spillover. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
Subacromial spacer implantation for massive rotator cuff tears
Authors: Holschen Malte , Brand Florian , Agneskirchner Jens D. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Background
Massive rotator cuff tears (MRCT) can be treated arthroscopically by partial reconstruction, tenotomy/tenodesis of the long head of the biceps, and debridement. A new treatment option is the additional implantation of a biodegradable spacer (InSpace Balloon®; ISB) into the subacromial space, which reduces subacromial shear forces to keep the humeral head centered in the glenoid. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical outcome of patients with MRCT who were treated arthroscopically with or without an additional ISB.

Methods
The clinical outcome of patients treated with conventional arthroscopic techniques (n = 11, group A, partial repair, biceps tenotomy, and debridement) and that of patients treated with a supplementary ISB (n = 12, group B) was retrospectively analyzed. Preoperatively and postoperatively, shoulder function was assessed with the Constant and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores. At follow-up after a mean of 22 months, patients filled out a questionnaire about their subjective satisfaction.

Results
Preoperative shoulder function was lower in patients treated with an ISB (ASES score: group A, 59.1; group B, 31.5; Constant score: group A, 60.7; group B, 36.8). At follow-up, both groups had improved shoulder function (Constant score: group A, 60.7–77.6; p < 0.001; group B, 36.8–69.5; p < 0.001; ASES score: group A, 59.1–88.6; p < 0.001; group B, 31.5–85.7; p < 0.001). Patients in both groups were subjectively satisfied with their outcome.

Conclusion
The ISB is a feasible treatment option for MRCT, providing subjective pain relief and improved shoulder function. Further studies with larger patient collectives and longer follow-up are needed to confirm whether it is a safe and cost-effective treatment.
Subsyndromal delirium compared with delirium, dementia, and subjects without delirium or dementia in elderly general hospital admissions and nursing home residents
Authors: Sepulveda Esteban , Leonard Maeve , Franco Jose G. , Adamis Dimitrios , McCarthy Geraldine , Dunne Colum , Trzepacz Paula T. , Gaviria Ana M. , de Pablo Joan , Vilella Elisabet , Meagher David J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIntroductionSubsyndromal delirium (SSD) complicates diagnosis of delirium and dementia, although there is little research comparing their symptom profiles.MethodsCross‐sectional study of 400 elderly patients' admission to a general hospital or nursing home diagnosed with delirium, SSD, dementia, or no‐delirium/no‐dementia (NDND). Symptom profiles were assessed using the Delirium Rating Scale‐Revised‐98 (DRS‐R98).ResultsTwenty percent patients had delirium, 19.3% had SSD, 29.8% had dementia‐only, and 31% had NDND. Eighty‐one percent of subsyndromal and 76% of delirium groups had comorbid dementia. DRS‐R98 scores showed ascending severity from NDND < dementia‐only < SSD < delirium. DRS‐R98 scores for items evaluating the three core symptom domains (cognitive, higher‐order thinking, and circadian) distinguished SSD from delirium and both from nondelirium groups. DRS‐R98 profiles were essentially the same in delirium and SSD subgroups with or without dementia, although total scale scores were generally higher when in comorbid subgroups.DiscussionSSD shared characteristic core domain symptoms with delirium, which distinguished each from nondelirium groups, although severity was intermediate in the subsyndromal group. Delirium core symptoms overshadowed the dementia phenotype when comorbid. Milder disturbances of delirium core domain symptoms are highly suggestive of SSD.
Isolated cochlear neuritis from varicella reactivation mimicking a vestibular schwannoma
Authors: Goodale Adam D. , Golub Justin S. , Cornelius Rebecca S. , Samy Ravi N. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe present a case of a patient with progressive unilateral sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus with internal auditory canal enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) secondary to isolated cochlear neuritis from varicella reactivation. MRI following antiviral treatment showed resolution of enhancement. Varicella reactivation is commonly seen in the form of Ramsay Hunt syndrome, which is known to produce abnormal MRI enhancement from facial and vestibulocochlear neuritis; however, its characteristic clinical signs aid the diagnosis. This case is unique in that the only manifestation of varicella infection was unilateral hearing loss. This case outlines the importance of maintaining a broad differential diagnosis in the evaluation of unilateral hearing loss as well as recognizing the limited specificity of MRI.
An investigation of empirical formulation and design optimisation of co-flow fluidic thrust vectoring nozzles
Authors: Banazadeh A. , Saghafi F. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper is to design and develop an advanced co-flow fluidic nozzle, based on the Coanda effect concept, for multi-directional thrust vectoring of small jet engines. Recent progress on finding an optimal geometry with a fixed momentum ratio to achieve maximum thrust deflection angle is discussed here. The efficiency of the system is found to be a weakly nonlinear function of the secondary to primary flow momentum as well as three geometric parameters. A useful empirical formulation is derived for thrust vectoring angle, based on a series of tests carried out on different nozzles. An accurate computational fluid dynamics model is also developed and evaluated against the experimental data. Moreover, quasi-Newton optimisation algorithm is employed to find an optimal geometry with a constant relative jet momentum and a constant secondary slot size. In this technique, the optimal wall geometric parameters are calculated in the direction of the steepest gradient with the help of the numerical simulation model in every iteration step. Additionally, an optimised fluidic nozzle is constructed to experimentally verify the numerical results and the empirical equation.
SEPARATING FRAGMENTS OF WLEM, LPO, AND MP
Authors: HENDTLASS MATT , LUBARSKY ROBERT 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe separate many of the basic fragments of classical logic which are used in reverse constructive mathematics. A group of related Kripke and topological models is used to show that various fragments of the Weak Law of the Excluded Middle, the Limited Principle of Omniscience, and Markov’s Principle, including Weak Markov’s Principle, do not imply each other.
MODIFIED EXTENDER BASED FORCING
Authors: SINAPOVA DIMA , UNGER SPENCER 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe analyze the modified extender based forcing from Assaf Sharon’s PhD thesis. We show there is a bad scale in the extension and therefore weak square fails. We also present two metatheorems which give a rough characterization of when a diagonal Prikry-type forcing forces the failure of weak square.
Late Permian to Triassic isotope composition of sulfates in the Eastern Alps: palaeogeographic implications
Authors: BOJAR ANA-VOICA , HAŁAS STANISLAW , BOJAR HANS-PETER , TREMBACZOWSKI ANDRZEJ 
Published: December 2016

AbstractLate Permian to Triassic phases from the evaporite deposits of the Northern Calcareous Alps (NCA) and Central Alpine Mesozoic (CAM) were analysed for sulfur and oxygen isotope compositions. For the Upper Permian, most of the δ34S values are in the 11 to 12‰ range. Röt-type sulfates of Early Triassic age are characterized by a heavy sulfur isotopic composition of c. 26‰. The spatial compilation of the available data concerning the isotopic composition of Röt-type sulfates demonstrates that these evaporites are distributed over the entire area of the NCA. Their occurrences are associated with Early Triassic high-temperature conditions of the seawater and a widespread anoxia. The development of sulfates of Carnian–Norian age situated in the CAM is more modest; sulfates are characterized by a δ34S value of c. 15‰. The δ18O values show a broader distribution from 9 to 22‰, related to several factors such as type of deposit, recrystallization processes and bacterial sulfate reduction. The sulfate–sulfide thermometer applied to samples from NCA deposits indicates a thermal overprint of between 215 and 315°C. Microbeam measurements support zonation of minor elements in sphalerite. Sphalerite microstructure indicates thermal overprinting, with no microbial structure being preserved.