bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of hair growth promoting activity of petroleum ether extracts of Hemidesmus indicus Linn. (Seed) on Wistar Albino rats
Authors: Omhare Namrata , Sahu Pratibha 
Published: September 2024

In present investigation was carried out to screening of hair growth promoting potentiality of petroleum ether extract of Hemidesmus indicus Linn. (Seeds). Preliminary chemical tests and TLC analysis revealed the presence flavonoids and saponins. Hair growth promoting activity of petroleum ether of Hemidesmus indicus was screened by considering different parameters which included time taken for covering bald patch, length of hair produced, percentage of hair follicles in anagen and telogen phases, time of hair growth initiation and completion and level of minerals in blood. The petroleum ether extract of Hemidesmus indicus showed a very good hair growth promoting activity at a dose of 300 mg/kg which was comparable to that of 2% minoxidil. After 30 days of treatment with test and standard drugs it was observed that, time taken for covering the bald patch, hair growth initiation and completion time and quantitative hair growth were found to be comparable to that of the standard drug. An increase in percentage of hair follicles turning from telogen phase to anagen phase was noted. The control treated group of animals showed poor hair growth for all the parameters.
Keywords: Hemidesmus indicus Linn., Anagen, Catagen, Telogen, Minoxidil.
Importance of Diet/Nutrition and Regimen in Homoeopathic Treatment
Authors: PAITAL BISWARANJAN , HAti Akhaya Kumar , Prusrty Umakanta , Prusty Uday Shankar , Panda Falguni 
Published: September 2024

Homoeopathy is a safe and natural form of medicine, based on the principle of “Similia Similibus Curenter”. It means “like is cured by like” i.e. a disease may be cured by something that can cause similar symptoms. Homoeopathy is concerned with treating the whole person rather than the illness alone. The homeopathic remedy selected will be based on all the symptoms of the patient including physical, mental and emotional states as well as past history, family history, and intrauterine history of the patient. Homoeopathic remedies stimulate the body's own immune system and offer a long lasting cure rather than giving temporary relief. On the other hand, the action of the homeopathic remedy becomes complete when proper guidance regarding instructions about diet and regimen mentioned by stalwarts of homeopathic physicians are followed. The objective of the present review article is to discuss how diet and regimen also are the key factors for successful treatment of a disease. Therefore, research on the nutritional values of different foods must be evaluated to be used as nutraceutics, besides regimen is also important to treat different disease. Finally, combination of medicine, food (nutrition) and regimen are important for the successful treatment of a disease.
Ethnobotany and Unani Perspective of Tukhme Soya (Anethum sowa Roxb.)
Authors: Khatoon Rizwana , Aslam Mohd , Chaudhary Shahid Shah 
Published: September 2024

People are using herbs as a medicine since ancient time. Herbal medicine has a valuable importance in the treatment of many chronic as well as life threatening diseases with minimal or about negligible side effects. In the classical Unani literature drug is classify in to dwae ghizayi and ghizae dwai. Tukhme soya (Anethum sowa) a Unani drug having dietary value as well as medicinal value also. Tukhme soya is a green crock herb which is commonly found in many parts of India and it is cooked with palak, so Tukhme soya is generally comes in the category of ghizae dwai. In classical Unani literature it is used in different diseases like Ehtebas e tams (amenorrhea), Ehtebase baul (retention of urine), Nafakhe Shikam (flatulence), Marod (spasmodic pain), Da’emi Qabz (chronic constipation), Bawasir (hemorrhoids), Hichki (hiccups), Ghisyan (yawning), Baul fil Farash (Bed wetting), Mufatite hisate kulliya wa Masana (Lithotripsic of kidney and bladder), Indemale Qrooh (Wound healing) specially those wound which are present on genitalia etc. so Tukhme soya used as carminative, stomachic, diuretic, aromatic stimulant, galactogogue, emmenagogue, anthelmintic (hookworm infestation) antiflatulence. The present review is exposed its pharmacology and Phytochemistry in scientifically manner.
Review on Aetiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Yadav Kashikant , Lou Diana Moria Martin , Bhutia Gyamcho Tshering , Owoalade Samiat Abimbola 
Published: September 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common cause of dementia in older adults and an important public health problem. The purpose of this review article is to provide a brief introduction to A D and the related concept of mild cognitive impairment (M C I) and may throw light on the prevalence, causes, treatment, diagnosis and prevention. Vast knowledge regarding disease and disorders will help people take precautions for not getting effected by it. This will help reduce the number of Alzheimer’s disease. Since the exact curative treatment has not been established for AD. AD is a complex disorder with environmental and genetic components. There are two major types of Alzheimer’s disease, early on set and the more common late onset. The genetics of early-onset Alzheimer’s disease are largely understood with variants in three different genes leading to AD disease. In contrast, with several common alleles associated with late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, including APOE, have been identified using association studies, the genetics of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease are not fully understood. Continuing efforts are still required. This includes development of medicines that would slow progression, halt, or prevent AD and other dementias from occurring. Studies are currently underway to identify biomarkers for diagnosis and new therapeutical agents to prevent or slow down disease progression.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, neuro-degeneration, mild cognitive impairment.
Microsponge based drug delivery system of voriconazole for fungal infection: formulation development and In-vitro evaluation
Authors: Mohan Dinesh , Gupta Vangadari Rama Mohan 
Published: September 2024

The plan behind the present research work was to develop a microsponge based dosage form for modified delivery of voriconazole prepared by quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method using polymer Ethylcellulose with two factors drug-polymer ratios and surfactant concentration, these two factors influences micro particles and physical properties. The characterization techniques followed for the formed microsponges were DSC, FT-IR, SEM and particle size analysis, along with morphology, drug loading, in-vitro drug release data. DSC and FT-IR data discloses that there were no chemical interactions between drug and polymer used. The drug-polymer ratio and surfactant concentration showed notable impact on drug content, encapsulation efficiency and particle size, SEM micrographs revealed that microsponges formed were spherical in shape with porous surface, and had 119.47 μm mean particle size. The microsponges were then loaded in carbopol gel followed by ex vivo drug deposition, primary skin irritancy study, in vivo antibacterial activity and in-vitro drug release study; which depicted that microsponges with drug-polymer ratio of 1:3 were more capable to give extended drug release of 93.79.±0.06 % at the end of 24 h, better in contrast to conventional formulation. Hence, the developed microsponge based formulation of voriconazole would be a hopeful, promising alternate to conventional therapy for the fungal treatment.
Keywords: Voriconazole, Microsponge, Particle size, Entrapment efficiency, ex vivo drug deposition primary skin irritancy
Amino Acid Conjugation: An Approach to Enhance Aqueous Solubility and Permeability of Poorly Water Soluble Drug Ritonavir
Authors: Chabukswar Anuruddha R , Jagdale S.C. , Gandhi Preeti M 
Published: September 2024

Objective: The objective of present work is to improve physicochemical and pharmacokinetic profile of poorly water soluble HIV protease inhibitor, ritonavir (RT) by preparing its amino acid conjugates.
Methods: Ester conjugates of ritonavir with various amino acids were synthesized by a simple esterification process using dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (DCC) as a coupling agent. The synthesized compounds were characterized by thin layer chromatography (TLC), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectroscopy. All conjugates were evaluated by saturation solubility and hydrolytic stability studies. Cytotoxicity and permeability studies were conducted using Caco-2 cell line.
Results: All amino acid conjugates showed a significantly higher aqueous solubility compared to the pure RT. With respect to hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis of conjugates was rapid relative to acidic hydrolysis. No cytotoxicity was shown by conjugates for concentration as high as 100μM, which indicates promising therapeutic potential. Transport studies across Caco-2 cells showed that prepared amino acid conjugates improved the permeation of RT compared to pure RT.
Conclusion: In vitro studies demonstrated that amino acid conjugation of RT may be an effective strategy to improve its aqueous solubility as well as permeability and can be used to improve oral absorption and thereby oral bioavailability of protease inhibitors.
Keywords: Ritonavir, amino acids, conjugates, solubility, HIV, hydrolysis
A comparative study of the treatment outcomes in Alcoholic Liver Disease patients treated with Ursodeoxycholic acid and Methionine along with Abstinence (Placebo)
Authors: Jagarlamudi Anup , M.S.V.V.N Prasanna kamakshi , Tabassum Shayeesta , Reddy Nikitha , Hemanthkumar K 
Published: September 2024

Liver is extremely active organ in the body. Ethanol toxicity on liver is a function of duration of alcoholism, amount of daily intake and patient's nutrition. Ethanol is oxidized in the liver to acetaldehyde , a compound considerably more toxic than ethanol itself. ATP synthesis rate is reduced in the liver cells when exposed to ethanol... ethanol is metabolised by two ways.Chronic ethanol consumption has a profound stimulatory effect on microsomal enzymes, in particular cytochrome CYP2E1. Alcohol increases the flow of blood in the portal and hepatic vascular resistance results increased portal pressure and collateral blood flow which causes the visceral bleeding in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and portal hypertension. The aim of the study is to evaluate the outcome of ursodeoxycholic acid (300mg),methionine (400mg)and abstinence in the treatment of alcoholic liver disease and the objective is to achieve the following end points(primary end point -change from baseline in particular LFT parameter-albumin and CBP parameters such as PT and INR ratio)(secondary end point- effects of ursodeoxycholic acid and methionine on other LFT parameters such as total bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT along with changes in the above parameters in patients with abstinence.). In particular Liver function test parameters meant for the study are Bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, Albumin. By assessing the particular parameters of the study, we concluded the following outcomes: At the end of the study, group 1 has shown 60% improvement, Group 2 has shown 50 % improvement from baseline to the end of the study. Group 3 has not shown much improvement when compared to the study medications i.e there is an overall improvement of only 30 % from baseline. By the end of the study scruitinizing all the laboratory parameters it is observed that of the three groups, group 1 and group 2 has better treatment outcomes than group 3 and hence it is concluded that medical intervention is more effective over complete abstinence and concluded that early medical intervention is a better option for better outcomes.
Pharmacologic Therapy for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Nargarathan P. K. M. , Modebelu Ukamaka , Marleime Kaj. , Ramesh K. 
Published: September 2024

A pregnant woman who happens on a continuous exposure to various therapeutic agents during her gestation period may give birth to a neonate suffering from Neonatal Syndrome. The most common cause of NAS are opioids such as heroin, codeine and morphine and is commonly termed as opioid withdrawal syndrome but also other legally or illegally sold substances over the counter can contribute to this syndrome. Infants also develop some kind of addition in the womb when exposed to some antidepressants such as barbiturates and benzodiazepine. There are two kinds of NAS that exist, prenatal NAS which is as a result of the termination of medication being used with a pregnant mother and postnatal NAS which occurs as a result of the termination of drugs directly to the infant. The most frequently occurring syndrome consists of tremor, insomnia, perspiration, Common syndrome according to the frequency includes tremor, high-pitched sneezing sound, increased muscle tone, regurgitation and emesis, loose stools, s, excoriation, mottling, nasal congestion low-grade fever, and tachypnea. Opioid withdrawal symptoms can be a reflection of other symptoms of other conditions in a new-born, such as infections, hypoglycaemia, hypocalcaemia, hypothyroidism, and brain complications (eg., cerebral palsy). The need and time frame of treatment is reduced by breastfeeding. All NAS babies need to be followed up regularly. Not all infants will require treatment with pharmacotherapy, but all should receive non-pharmacologic interventions.
Keywords: Neonatal abstinence syndrome; Nonpharmacological management; Methadone; Morphine; Opioids; Pharmacological management; Phenobarbital; Protocol.
Isolation and Characterization of Aegle marmelos Gum– A Novel Controlled Release Polymer
Authors: Santosh Kumar Rada , Pratibhanusha Ch. 
Published: September 2024

Wide ranges of drugs are formulated now in a variety of different forms for oral extended-release dosage forms. However, only those which result in a significant reduction in dose frequency and/or a reduction in toxicity resulting from high concentration in the blood or gastrointestinal tract are likely to improve therapeutic outcomes. To be a successful extended-release product, the drug must be released from the dosage form at a predetermined rate, dissolve in the gastrointestinal fluids, maintain sufficient gastrointestinal residence time, and may be absorbed at a rate and will replace the amount of drug being metabolized and excreted. In a nut shell, controlled-release formulations are a promising way to improve the patient’s compliance by reducing dosing intervals and minimizing adverse effects. Out of many approaches to controlled drug release, matrix based approach is widely used due to its simplicity, scalability and from stability point of view. In order to control the release of drug from its dosage form, an effective controlled release polymer is essential. Though, there are several controlled release polymers available in the market, there is continuous need to develop controlled polymers which are safe and inexpensive. The aim of the work was to isolate and characterize the aegle marmelos gum as novel controlled relase polymer.
Keywords: Isolation, Controlled release, Aegle marmelos Gum.
Estrategia de desarrollo ecoturístico sostenible para el municipio de Sutatausa, Cundinamarca - Colombia al 2034
Authors: Santa Rodriguez Hugo Orlando , Sapuyes Chávez Tania Alejandra 
Published: September 2024

Este artículo tuvo como objetivo proponer una estrategia de desarrollo ecoturístico sostenible para el municipio de Sutatausa, Cundinamarca, Colombia. El diseño metodológico fue una ruta mixta, desde lo cuantitativo el alcance fue exploratoria, y desde el abordaje cualitativo fue investigación acción participativa, mediante la metodología prospectiva estratégica comunitaria, el cual se realizó talleres, para recopilar información, se empleó la técnica de lluvia de ideas y la matriz DOFA, para el diagnóstico, luego se procedió con el análisis estructural de las tendencias estratégicas en ecoturismo en bases de datos cerras de Scopus y se diseñó un plan de acción 5w2h; para la sistematización se utilizó micmac. Como resultado se propone como estrategia la formulación de una política pública de turismo cimentada en un ecoturismo sostenible de bienes y atractivos turísticos y de patrimonio cultural del municipio de Sutatausa. En conclusión, la propuesta refleja un enfoque visionario y responsable hacia el desarrollo turístico. La implementación de prácticas sostenibles en el turismo busca impulsar la economía local. Además, esta iniciativa ofrece la oportunidad de equilibrar el crecimiento económico con la conservación ambiental, promoviendo experiencias turísticas que respeten y valoren la rica biodiversidad y el patrimonio cultural de Sutatausa. Al integrar principios de sostenibilidad en la organización y administración del turismo, se busca minimizar las consecuencias adversas para el medio ambiente.
Prognostic model development for risk of curve progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a prospective cohort study of 127 patients
Authors: Dufvenberg Marlene , Charalampidis Anastasios , Diarbakerli Elias , Öberg Birgitta , Tropp Hans , Ahl Anna Aspberg , Wezenberg Daphne , Hedevik Henrik , Möller Hans , Gerdhem Paul , Abbott Allan 
Published: September 2024

Background and purpose: The study’s purpose was to develop and internally validate a prognostic survival model exploring baseline variables for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis curve progression.Methods: A longitudinal prognostic cohort analysis was performed on trial data (n = 135) including girls and boys, Cobb angle 25–40°, aged 9–17 years, remaining growth > 1 year, and previously untreated. Prognostic outcome was defined as curve progression of Cobb angle of > 6° prior to skeletal maturity. 34 candidate prognostic variables were tested. Time-to-event was measured with 6-month intervals. Cox proportional hazards regression survival model (CoxPH) was used for model development and validation in comparison with machine learning models (66.6/33.3 train/test data set). The models were adjusted for treatment exposure.Results: The final primary prognostic model included 127 patients, predicting progress with acceptable discriminative ability (concordance = 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.72–0.86). Significant prognostic risk factors were Risser stage of 0 (HR 4.6, CI 2.1–10.1, P < 0.001), larger major curve Cobb angle (HRstandardized 1.5, CI 1.1–2.0, P = 0.005), and higher score on patient-reported pictorial Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (pSAQ) (HRstandardized 1.4, CI 1.0–1.9, P = 0.04). Treatment exposure, entered as a covariate adjustment, contributed significantly to the final model (HR 3.1, CI 1.5–6.0, P = 0.001). Sensitivity analysis displayed that CoxPH maintained acceptable discriminative ability (AUC 0.79, CI 0.65–0.93) in comparison with machine learning algorithms.Conclusion: The prognostic model (Risser stage, Cobb angle, pSAQ, and menarche) predicted curve progression of > 6° Cobb angle with acceptable discriminative ability. Adding patient report of the pSAQ may be of clinical importance for the prognosis of curve progression.
Risk of second revision and mortality following first-time revision due to prosthetic joint infection after primary total hip arthroplasty: results on 1,669 patients from the Danish Hip Arthroplasty Register
Authors: Joanroy Rajzan , Gubbels Sophie , Møller Jens K , Overgaard Søren , Varnum Claus 
Published: September 2024

Background and purpose: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) has a severe impact on patients. We investigated the risk of second revision and mortality following first-time revision due to PJI.Methods: We identified 1,669 first-time revisions including 416 treated with debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) from the Danish Hip Arthroplasty Register (DHR). First-time revision due to PJI was defined as a revision with ≥ 2 culture-positive biopsies for the same bacteria or re-ported as PJI to the DHR within 1 year after primary THA with non-PJI revisions as controls. We retrieved information on Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), death, cohabitation status, and cultures from intraoperative biopsies. The adjusted relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated by first-time revision (PJI or non-PJI). Patients were followed from first-time revision until end of study.Results: PJI was found in 140 of 280 patients having a second revision following any first-time revision. Of these 280 patients, 200 were treated with DAIR as second revision. Patients with first-time revision due to PJI had an increased risk of second revision compared with first-time revision for non-PJI with an adjusted RR for second revision due to any cause of 2.7 (CI 1.9–3.8) and second revision due to PJI of 6.3 (CI 4.0–10). The 10-year adjusted RR for mortality for patients with first-time revision due to PJI compared with non-PJI was 1.8 (CI 0.7–4.5).Conclusion: The risk of second revision was increased both for second revision due to any reason and due to PJI following first-time revision due to PJI. Mortality risk following first-time revision due to PJI was increased, but not statistically significant.
A retrospective study on the influence of inclination of cusp on implant marginal bone height in patients with periodontal disease
Authors: Pei Runsheng , Xiao Cong , Chen Jian , Liu Hao , Chen Jinting , Ge Haixia , Cai Nana , Wu Yihua , Zhou Yan 
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To investigate the correlation between the marginal bone height of implants in the posterior maxilla of patients with periodontal disease and the inclination of cusp, providing a theoretical basis for the occlusal design of implant restorations in such patients.
Methods: A total of 80 patients with periodontal disease who underwent implant restoration in the posterior maxilla (55 men and 25 women; mean age 56.66 ± 12.70 years) were selected, with a total of 80 implant restorations (one implant restoration per patient). In addition to recording the main research factor of the inclination of cusp, general patient information, implant characteristics and restoration characteristics were taken, and retrospective analysis of the case data and imaging data of the 80 patients from over 3 years was conducted. Cone beam computed tomography was performed preoperatively and 3 years after implant loading to measure and calculate the marginal bone height of the implants using the One Volume Viewer software. Correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the inclination of the cusp and marginal bone height.
Results: There was a positive correlation between the inclination of cusp and the marginal bone height of the implants, with a correlation coefficient of 0.661 (p < 0.001); the diameter of the implants, implant type and restoration type were negatively correlated with the marginal bone height of the implants, with correlation coefficients of −0.364 (p = 0.001), −0.232 (p = 0.038) and −0.298 (p = 0.007), respectively.
Conclusion: When designing the occlusion of implant restorations in the posterior maxilla of patients with periodontal disease, it is advisable to appropriately reduce the restoration’s inclination of cusp.