bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geodesign to advance boundary work in urban planning: A study in Stockholm focused on nature-based solutions
Authors: Adem Esmail Blal , Anderson Cyrus Carl , Bast Sigvard , Cortinovis Chiara , Suleiman Lina , Kato-Huerta Jarumi , Högström Johan , Balfors Berit , Arciniegas Gustavo , Geneletti Davide , Mörtberg Ulla , Albert Christian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGeodesign supports collaborative urban planning by managing ‘boundaries’ between diverse knowledge holders. However, there is a paucity of empirical evidence of its contribution to ‘boundary work’. This paper aims to evaluate how a geodesign process facilitates knowledge co-production through boundary work and to assess the scientific credibility, political saliency, and procedural legitimacy of its outputs in urban planning. We propose a replicable geodesign framework to assess boundary work, and test it in a case study on urban transformations with nature-based solutions in the Skarpnäck district of Stockholm, Sweden. Findings indicate that all geodesign steps facilitated communication by promoting collective reasoning. Participants acknowledged contributions to knowledge co-production and decision-making by mediating between different perspectives. However, data quality and modeling simplicity were identified as critical factors affecting the outputs’ perceived credibility. Future applications should include co-designing the geodesign process, improving capacity and skills, and facilitating more integrated planning.
Juvenile Dermatomyositis: Updates in Pathogenesis and Biomarkers, Current Treatment, and Emerging Targeted Therapies
Authors: Kim Hanna 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Juvenile dermatomyositis is a rare systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving muscle, skin, and vessels. Most patients do not fully respond to initial therapy, instead having a chronic refractory or polycyclic disease course. Pathogenesis is not completely understood, but immune cell dysregulation, particularly of B cells, mitochondrial dysfunction, changes in neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and increased type I and type II interferon (IFN) signaling have been described. There are limited randomized controlled trials of drugs in juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM), and treatment is largely based on lower-quality data such as case series, retrospective studies, and open-label prospective studies. These data have been compiled into expert recommendations or consensus treatment plans, which help guide therapy. While initial therapy is more standard with most including corticosteroids (high-dose oral and/or pulse intravenous methylprednisolone) and methotrexate, for refractory patients, guidelines are more varied with multiple options or combinations, including biologic therapies. There is a clear need for more efficacious and personalized therapy in JDM. Emerging treatment options worthy of further study in JDM include targeting IFN-signaling (JAK, IFNAR1, IFN beta), B-cells (CD20, CD19, BAFF, TACI, CD38, BCMA) including Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and NETs.
Enhancement of Green Ghosts Due To Recurrence of Sprite Element
Authors: Huang Xin , Lu Gaopeng , Liu Feifan , Cheng Zhengwei , Lucena Frankie , Liu Yu , Xue Xianghui , Wang Yongping , Cohen Morris B. , Ashcraft Thomas , Smith Paul , Schyma Hank 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe examined three observations of green emission events (labeled as event A, B and C, respectively) associated with red sprites as captured by amateurs. In all cases, the green emissions were recorded atop of red sprite. Based on the location of causative strokes and background star fields for events A and B, their altitudes are confined between 88 and 100 km, with the maximum brightness at 90.7 and 95.5 km, respectively. Events B and C were lit up for a second time after the recurrence of a sprite element, extending their duration to approximately 1,084 ms and 732.6 ms, much longer than that (about 500 ms) for event A; the intensity of green emissions was also enhanced due to sprite recurrence. It is inferred that the recurrence of sprite elements could affect the ambient condition by further increasing electron density and strengthening the electric field for the ghost production.
A Composite Fault Model for the 2024 MW 7.4 Hualien Earthquake Sequence in Eastern Taiwan Inferred From GNSS and InSAR Data
Authors: Cheloni D. , Famiglietti N. A. , Caputo R. , Tolomei C. , Vicari A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOn 2 April 2024, an MW 7.4 earthquake struck the northern Longitudinal Valley in eastern Taiwan, about 18 km SSW of Hualien, causing damage and casualties. In this study, we investigated a comprehensive geodetic data set, employing Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) measurements to assess the rupture geometry associated with earthquake sequence. Although geodetic data can be satisfactorily reproduced by simple single‐fault models (i.e., a high‐angle E‐dipping plane related to the Longitudinal Valley Fault (LVF), or a gentle W‐dipping surface associated with the Central Range Fault, CRF), a composite model involving the rupture of different fault segments (a major CRF‐related W‐dipping fault, a deep segment of the E‐dipping LVF, and the Milun Fault) is able to explain the observations, the distribution of seismicity, and the complex structural arrangement of the northernmost sector of the Longitudinal Valley.
Implications of a Pervasive Climate Model Bias for Low‐Cloud Feedback
Authors: Ceppi P. , Myers T. A. , Nowack P. , Wall C. J. , Zelinka M. D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHow low clouds respond to warming constitutes a key uncertainty for climate projections. Here we observationally constrain low‐cloud feedback through a controlling factor analysis based on ridge regression. We find a moderately positive global low‐cloud feedback (0.45 W , 90% range 0.18–0.72 W ), about twice the mean value (0.22 W ) of 16 models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. We link this discrepancy to a pervasive model mean‐state bias: models underestimate the low‐cloud response to warming because (a) they systematically underestimate present‐day tropical marine low‐cloud amount, and (b) the low‐cloud sensitivity to warming is proportional to this present‐day low‐cloud amount. Our results hence highlight the importance of reducing model biases in both the mean state of clouds and their sensitivity to environmental factors for accurate climate change projections.
Drivers of Cold Frontal Hourly Extreme Precipitation: A Climatological Study Over Europe
Authors: Schaffer Armin , Lichtenegger Tobias , Truhetz Heimo , Ossó Albert , Martínez‐Alvarado Oscar , Maraun Douglas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn the mid‐latitudes extreme precipitation events are strongly associated with cold fronts. By exploring drivers across different scales and relating them to precipitation, we aim to improve our understanding of processes influencing cold frontal extremes. Using hourly ERA5 data over Europe and the North Atlantic, cold fronts are detected and the associated conditions are identified. Quantile regression models are employed to find drivers of frontal precipitation and to quantify these relations. Additionally, we use composites to study the synoptic conditions and meso‐scale structure of extreme events. We find that humidity close to the detected fronts, convergence and the low level jet speed contribute most to the formation of extreme precipitation. Synoptic conditions favoring the formation of extreme events are also identified. These results improve our understanding of cold frontal processes leading to precipitation. Additionally, they provide the foundation for a process‐based evaluation of frontal dynamics in climate models.
Spatial Variability of Dropsonde‐Derived Moist Static Energy in North Atlantic Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Kopelman Michael V. , Wing Allison A. , Carstens Jacob D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe spatial variability of moist static energy (MSE) and its column‐integral (CMSE) around tropical cyclones (TCs) are known to help prognose TC development. Though limited in number and spatial coverage per TC, modeling work suggests that dropsondes, when strategically deployed, can reliably capture radial MSE and CMSE variability. This study uses North Atlantic upper‐level reconnaissance dropsondes from 1996 to 2021 to produce the most extensive observational analysis of MSE structure in TCs to date. MSE and CMSE decrease with distance from the TC center. MSE spatial variability is larger in Category 1 and 2 hurricanes compared to tropical storms, and generally largest after a TC's lifetime maximum intensity. Moisture dominates the MSE spatial variability but temperature contributes in the upper levels near the TC center. While differences in MSE spatial variability between weakening and intensifying TCs are less clear, raw MSE tends to be greater in intensifying TCs at most radii and vertical levels.
Magnetostratigraphy of the Niubao Formation in the Bangong‐Nujiang Suture Zone: Constraints on the Amount of Crustal Shortening of the Tibetan Plateau Since 60 Ma
Authors: Li Shuai , Han Zhongpeng , Li Yalin , Tan Xiaodong , Todrani Alessandro , Ma Xingduo , Li Zijian , Wang Xinhang , Dai Jie , Wang Chengshan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Early Cenozoic sedimentary archives of Tibet are crucial for elucidating the geodynamic processes related to continental collision, particularly crustal deformation and shortening. However, the lack of a reliable chronostratigraphic framework for the Cenozoic sedimentary basins in central Tibet has hindered a comprehensive understanding of the influence of the continuous India‐Asia convergence process on the tectonic evolution of the Tibetan hinterland. Here, we report new magnetostratigraphic ages and paleomagnetic results for the Niubao Formation exposed in the northern bank of the Siling Co. Positive field tests and microscopic observations suggest that the remanence is primary. We determine that the depositional age of the measured section was between 59.2 and 48.6 Ma. Our results reveal that the paleogeographic location of the Bangong‐Nujiang Suture Zone during the Late Paleocene–Early Eocene was 25.4 ± 2.1°N, thus supporting the model of two‐stage collision between India and Asia.
The Non‐Migrating DE3 Tide Response to the MJO Phenomenon at the MLT Altitudes
Authors: Li Xing , Ren Zhipeng , Cao Jinbin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBased on TIMED/SABER temperature observations and the Real‐Time Multivariate Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) Index, for the first time, we discussed the daily resolution non‐migrating DE3 temperature tide response to the MJO phenomenon during MJO phases between ±45° latitude from 2003 to 2012 in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere (MLT) region. We found: (a) The DE3 tide significantly depends on different MJO phases in the four seasons above 100 km altitude. The DE3 tidal phase exhibits varying responses to the different MJO phases. (b) The DE3 tide response to the MJO phenomenon is stronger at the solstices than at the equinoxes, and the response at the June solstices is stronger. (c) The symmetric component of the DE3 response to the MJO phenomenon is stronger than the asymmetric component. In summary, the daily resolved DE3 tide response to the MJO phenomenon, especially the DE3 tidal phase dominates certain seasonal characteristics and symmetry in the MLT region.
Latitudinal Characteristics of the Post‐Sunset Enhancements in Ionospheric Electron Density During the Geomagnetic Quiet Period in May 2021 Over East‐Asian Region
Authors: Hao Honglian , Zhao Biqiang , Yue Xinan , Ding Feng , Li Guozhu , Sun Wenjie , Ren Zhipeng , Liu Libo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the latitudinal variations of post‐sunset enhancements in the ionospheric electron density during the geomagnetic quiet period in May 2021 with a combination of high‐precision ionospheric parameters obtained from four ionosondes, Beidou geostationary satellite (BD‐GEO) receiver network and Sanya incoherent scatter radar (SYISR). We identified four categories of post‐sunset enhancement phenomena (Types 1–4), each with unique spatial and temporal evolutions, yet uniformly accompanied by a decrease in hmF2. Measurements of plasma drift vector velocities from SYISR and hmF2 gradients across various latitudes provided pivotal insights, confirming that the ionospheric post‐sunset enhancements can result from downward plasma motion due to westward electric field, downward field‐aligned drift, or a combination of both. For Type 1, dominated by field‐aligned drift, plasma density enhancements not only intensify at low latitudes but may also extend to mid‐latitudes, exhibiting a distinct temporal delay with increasing latitude. In contrast, Type 4, primarily driven by the westward electric field, is characterized by modest increases in plasma density confined to localized low‐latitude regions, with no observable latitudinal time delay in the peak of enhancements. Types 2 and 3, which are subject to the combined influence of the westward electric field and field‐aligned drift, exhibit plasma density increases at certain low‐latitude areas, with Type 2 presenting a delayed pattern and Type 3 showing none with rising latitude. Meanwhile, neutral winds can partially account for the observed post‐sunset enhancement from low to middle latitudes. These findings offer new insights into the factors influencing ionospheric behavior after sunset.
Methods to Evaluate Subcolumn Profiles Based on Two‐Point Diagnostics
Authors: Stephens Benjamin A. , Larson Vincent E. , Newsom Rob , Gustafson William I. , Dikta Gerhard 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn atmospheric models, stochastic generation of subgrid‐scale profiles or “subcolumns” has been used for a variety of purposes. Such subcolumns can be generated from subgrid probability density functions (PDFs) at different vertical levels, when such PDFs are available. To do so, the generator needs to decide how strongly points should be correlated in the vertical, that is, how much the values should be overlapped. This is sometimes called “PDF overlap.” To assess vertical correlation in a simplified, observable setting, here the vertical correlation of vertical velocity in subcloud layers is examined. Doppler lidar is used to evaluate the vertical profiles of vertical velocity produced by a large‐eddy simulation (LES) model and the Subgrid Importance Latin Hypercube Sampler (SILHS) subcolumn generator. In order to diagnose unrealistic features in subcolumn profiles, various statistical diagnostics are examined here, including the bivariate PDF of vertical velocity at two separated points (i.e., altitudes), the two‐point velocity correlation, the integral correlation length, the PDF of two‐point velocity differences, and the skewness and kurtosis of two‐point velocity differences. The profiles produced by LES match lidar well, except that they are too smooth at small scales. The profiles produced by SILHS exhibit sharp jumps from updraft to downdraft that are not observed in the lidar data. To reduce the generation of these unrealistically sharp jumps, the SILHS sampling method is revised. The diagnostics confirm that the revised sampling method reduces the overprediction of sharp jumps.
Equation of State, Structure, and Transport Properties of Iron Hydride Melts at Planetary Interior Conditions
Authors: Stoutenburg Emma R. , Caracas Razvan , Solomatova Natalia V. , Campbell Andrew J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIron hydrides are a potentially dominant component of the metallic cores of planets, primarily because of hydrogen's ubiquity in the universe and affinity for iron. Using ab initio molecular dynamics, we examine iron hydrides with 0.1, 0.33, 0.5, and 0.6 mol fraction hydrogen up to 100 GPa between 3,000 and 5,000 K to describe how hydrogen content affects the melt structure, hydrogen speciation, equation of state (EOS), atomic diffusivity, and melt viscosity. We find that the addition of hydrogen decreases the average Fe–Fe coordination number and lengthens Fe–Fe bonds, while Fe–H coordination number increases. The pair distribution function of hydrogen at low pressure indicates the presence of molecular hydrogen. By tracking chemical speciation, we show that the amount of molecular hydrogen increases and the number of iron in Hx≥1Fey≥0 clusters decreases as the hydrogen concentration increases. We parameterize a pressure, volume, temperature, and composition EOS and show that the molar volume and Grüneisen parameter of the melts decrease while the compressibility and thermal expansivity increase as a function of hydrogen concentration. We find that hydrogen acts as a lubricant in the melts as the iron and hydrogen become more diffusive and the melts become more inviscid as the hydrogen concentration increases. We estimate 2.7 wt% hydrogen in the Martian core and 0.49–1.1 wt% hydrogen in Earth's outer core based on comparisons to seismic models, with the assumption that the cores are pure liquid iron‐hydrogen alloy, and we compare the small exoplanet population with mass‐radius curves of iron hydride planets.
Picturing Global Substorm Dynamics in the Magnetotail Using Low‐Altitude ELFIN Measurements and Data Mining‐Based Magnetic Field Reconstructions
Authors: Shi Xiaofei , Stephens Grant K. , Artemyev Anton V. , Sitnov Mikhail I. , Angelopoulos Vassilis 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA global reconfiguration of the magnetotail characterizes substorms. Current sheet thinning, intensification, and magnetic field stretching are defining features of the substorm growth phase and their spatial distributions control the timing and location of substorm onset. Presently, sparse in‐situ observations cannot resolve these distributions. A promising approach is to use new substorm magnetic field reconstruction methods based on data mining, termed SST19. Here we compare the SST19 reconstructions to low‐altitude electron losses and fields investigation (ELFIN) measurements of energetic particle precipitations to probe the radial profile of the equatorial magnetic field curvature during a 19 August 2022 substorm. ELFIN and SST19 yield a consistent dynamical picture of the magnetotail during the growth phase and capture its key features such as the formation of a thin current sheet and its earthward motion. Furthermore, they resolve a “checkmark” pattern of isotropic electron precipitation boundaries in the time‐energy plane, consistent with earlier observations but now over a broad energy range. It is shown that in the growth phase, the mismatch between SST19 and ELFIN latitudes is much less than one degree, the capability unattainable for any other empirical or first‐principles model.
O-GlcNAcylation inhibition redirects the response of colon cancer cells to chemotherapy from senescence to apoptosis
Authors: Loison Ingrid , Pioger Adrien , Paget Sonia , Metatla Inès ,   OrgaRES Consortium, Mariette Christophe , Piessen Guillaume , Corfiotti François , Eveno Clarisse , Pruvot François-René , Truant Stéphanie , El Amrani Mehdi , Leteurtre Emmanuelle , Renaud Florence , Dufour Charlotte , Gnemmi Viviane , Wicquart Laurence , Escande Fabienne , Leclerc Julie , Van Seuningen Isabelle , Vincent Audrey , Abbadie Corinne , Dehennaut Vanessa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe potential use of pro-senescence therapies, known as TIS (Therapy-Induced Senescence), for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) generated significant interest since they require lower doses compared to those required for inducing apoptosis. However, the senescent cell cycle-arrested cancer cells are long-lived, and studies have revealed escape mechanisms contributing to tumor recurrence. To deepen our understanding of the survival pathways used by senescent cancer cells, we delved into the potential involvement of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). HBP provides UDP-GlcNAc, the substrate for O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), which catalyzes O-GlcNAcylation, a post-translational modification implicated in regulating numerous cellular functions and aberrantly elevated in CRC. In this study, we demonstrated, in the p53-proficient colon cancer cell lines HCT116 and LS174T, that TIS induced by low-dose SN38 or etoposide treatment was accompanied with a decrease of GFAT (the rate limiting enzyme of the HBP), OGT and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) expression correlated with a slight reduction in O-GlcNAcylation levels. Further decreasing this level of O-GlcNAcylation by knocking-down GFAT or OGT redirected the cellular response to subtoxic chemotherapy doses from senescence to apoptosis, in correlation with an enhancement of DNA damages. Pharmacological inhibition of OGT with OSMI-4 in HCT116 and LS174T cells and in a patient-derived colon tumoroid model supported these findings. Taken together, these results suggest that combing O-GlcNAcylation inhibitors to low doses of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs could potentially reduce treatment side effects while preserving efficacy. Furthermore, this approach may increase treatment specificity, as CRC cells exhibit higher O-GlcNAcylation levels compared to normal tissues.
Slowly progressive autosomal dominant Alport Syndrome due to COL4A3 splicing variant
Authors: Daga Sergio , Loberti Lorenzo , Rollo Giulia , Adamo Loredaria , Colavecchio Olga Lorenza , Brunelli Giulia , Zguro Kristina , Tripodi Sergio Antonio , Guarnieri Andrea , Garosi Guido , D’Aurizio Romina , Ariani Francesca , Tita Rossella , Renieri Alessandra , Pinto Anna Maria 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAlport syndrome is a rare genetic kidney disease caused by variants in the COL4A3/A4/A5 genes. It’s characterised by progressive kidney failure, though therapies targeting Renin-Angiotensin System can delay its progression. Additionally, extrarenal manifestations may sometimes coexist. Recent advances in genetic analysis and the necessity to better clarify genotype-phenotype correlations in affected patients raises the importance of detecting even cryptic splicing variants, lying in both canonical and non-canonical splice sites variants such as last exonic nucleotide variants. These variants, often, do not cause an amino acid change but alter the snRNP proteins binding. We studied a big Italian family with Alport syndrome showing a clear dominant pattern of transmission with younger family members having only haematuria and older individuals presenting with End-Stage Kidney Failure (ESKF). Kidney biopsy showed the typical disease hallmarks. We deeply mined the data for SNV and CNV through exome sequencing on DNA from both peripheral blood samples and patients’ podocytes-lineage cells. We identified an already reported synonymous variant, c.765G>A (p.(Thr255Thr)), in the last exonic nucleotide of exon 13 of the COL4A3 gene. Employing the patient’s podocytes we demonstrated that this variant results in exon skipping leading to an in-frame deletion of 28 amino acids without leaky effect. According to the pattern of transmission, to the kidney biopsy and to the exome data analysis we provided further evidence that autosomal dominant Alport syndrome is a well-defined clinical entity. We also confirmed the pathogenicity of the synonymous COL4A3 variant for the first time demonstrating its role in a dominant pattern of transmission.