bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of Group Prenatal Care: Perinatal Outcomes Among Adolescents in New York City Health Centers
Authors: Ickovics Jeannette R. , Earnshaw Valerie , Lewis Jessica B. , Kershaw Trace S. , Magriples Urania , Stasko Emily , Rising Sharon Schindler , Cassells Andrea , Cunningham Shayna , Bernstein Peter , Tobin Jonathan N. 
Published: December 2015

Objectives. We compared an evidence-based model of group prenatal care to traditional individual prenatal care on birth, neonatal, and reproductive health outcomes. Methods. We performed a multisite cluster randomized controlled trial in 14 health centers in New York City (2008–2012). We analyzed 1148 pregnant women aged 14 to 21 years, at less than 24 weeks of gestation, and not at high obstetrical risk. We assessed outcomes via medical records and surveys. Results. In intention-to-treat analyses, women at intervention sites were significantly less likely to have infants small for gestational age (< 10th percentile; 11.0% vs 15.8%; odds ratio = 0.66; 95% confidence interval = 0.44, 0.99). In as-treated analyses, women with more group visits had better outcomes, including small for gestational age, gestational age, birth weight, days in neonatal intensive care unit, rapid repeat pregnancy, condom use, and unprotected sex (P = .030 to < .001). There were no associated risks. Conclusions. CenteringPregnancy Plus group prenatal care resulted in more favorable birth, neonatal, and reproductive outcomes. Successful translation of clinical innovations to enhance care, improve outcomes, and reduce cost requires strategies that facilitate patient adherence and support organizational change.
Elevated Blood Lead Levels in Children Associated With the Flint Drinking Water Crisis: A Spatial Analysis of Risk and Public Health Response
Authors: Hanna-Attisha Mona , LaChance Jenny , Sadler Richard Casey , Champney Schnepp Allison 
Published: December 2015

Objectives. We analyzed differences in pediatric elevated blood lead level incidence before and after Flint, Michigan, introduced a more corrosive water source into an aging water system without adequate corrosion control. Methods. We reviewed blood lead levels for children younger than 5 years before (2013) and after (2015) water source change in Greater Flint, Michigan. We assessed the percentage of elevated blood lead levels in both time periods, and identified geographical locations through spatial analysis. Results. Incidence of elevated blood lead levels increased from 2.4% to 4.9% (P < .05) after water source change, and neighborhoods with the highest water lead levels experienced a 6.6% increase. No significant change was seen outside the city. Geospatial analysis identified disadvantaged neighborhoods as having the greatest elevated blood lead level increases and informed response prioritization during the now-declared public health emergency. Conclusions. The percentage of children with elevated blood lead levels increased after water source change, particularly in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods. Water is a growing source of childhood lead exposure because of aging infrastructure.
Where has all the money gone? Materiality, mobility, and nothingness
Authors: Cameron Angus 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis article argues that the problematic nature of money's ‘location’ is important to opening up its more fundamental ontology. Using examples from recent financial crises, I explore the (temporary) historical relationship between money and the nation state, the changing nature of money, and the paradoxes these produce in a world convinced that money is real and material. I conclude that whilst we cannot resolve these ingrained paradoxes, we should at the very least take account of them as we try to explain the vagaries of our money economies.
Antifungal, anti-yeast, anti-oxidant and HPLC analysis of different solvent extracted samples from <i>Calamus aromaticus</i> leaves
Authors: Khan Bilal Muhammad , Bakht Jehan 
Published: December 2015

<p>The antifungal, anti-yeast and anti-oxidant effects of <em>Calamus aromaticus</em> leaves were studied. The extract showed mild activity against two fungal strains and strong activity against the yeast. The results also indicated the presence of extremely high DPPH radical scavenging potential in all tested samples at each of the seven concentrations used. The data further revealed that ethyl acetate and <em>n</em>-butanol extracted samples measured highest antifungal (25.0% inhibition each against <em>Rhizopus oryzae</em> at 1000 µg/well), anti-yeast (73.5 and 66.4% activity respectively at 2000 µg/disc) and anti-oxidant (96.6 and 97.7% activity respectively at 250 ppm) potential while samples extracted with water were least potent. HPLC analysis of the extracted samples confirmed ethyl acetate and <em>n</em>-butanol as the solvents of choice for the extraction of antifungal, anti-yeast and anti-oxidant compounds (phenolics) from the leaves of <em>C. aromaticus</em>.</p><p> </p>
Application of biclustering of gene expression data and gene set enrichment analysis methods to identify potentially disease causing nanomaterials
Authors: Williams Andrew , Halappanavar Sabina 
Published: December 2015

Background: The presence of diverse types of nanomaterials (NMs) in commerce is growing at an exponential pace. As a result, human exposure to these materials in the environment is inevitable, necessitating the need for rapid and reliable toxicity testing methods to accurately assess the potential hazards associated with NMs. In this study, we applied biclustering and gene set enrichment analysis methods to derive essential features of altered lung transcriptome following exposure to NMs that are associated with lung-specific diseases. Several datasets from public microarray repositories describing pulmonary diseases in mouse models following exposure to a variety of substances were examined and functionally related biclusters of genes showing similar expression profiles were identified. The identified biclusters were then used to conduct a gene set enrichment analysis on pulmonary gene expression profiles derived from mice exposed to nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2), carbon black (CB) or carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to determine the disease significance of these data-driven gene sets.Results: Biclusters representing inflammation (chemokine activity), DNA binding, cell cycle, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and fibrosis processes were identified. All of the NM studies were significant with respect to the bicluster related to chemokine activity (DAVID; FDR p-value = 0.032). The bicluster related to pulmonary fibrosis was enriched in studies where toxicity induced by CNT and CB studies was investigated, suggesting the potential for these materials to induce lung fibrosis. The pro-fibrogenic potential of CNTs is well established. Although CB has not been shown to induce fibrosis, it induces stronger inflammatory, oxidative stress and DNA damage responses than nano-TiO2 particles.Conclusion: The results of the analysis correctly identified all NMs to be inflammogenic and only CB and CNTs as potentially fibrogenic. In addition to identifying several previously defined, functionally relevant gene sets, the present study also identified two novel genes sets: a gene set associated with pulmonary fibrosis and a gene set associated with ROS, underlining the advantage of using a data-driven approach to identify novel, functionally related gene sets. The results can be used in future gene set enrichment analysis studies involving NMs or as features for clustering and classifying NMs of diverse properties.
LAMOST OBSERVATIONS IN THE KEPLER FIELD: SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION WITH THE MKCLASS CODE
Authors: Gray R. O. , Corbally C. J. , Cat P. De , Fu J. N. , Ren A. B. , Shi J. R. , Luo A. L. , Zhang H. T. , Wu Y. , Cao Z. , Li G. , Zhang Y. , Hou Y. , Wang Y. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
The LAMOST-Kepler project was designed to obtain high-quality, low-resolution spectra of many of the stars in the Kepler field with the Large Sky Area Multi Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) spectroscopic telescope. To date 101,086 spectra of 80,447 objects over the entire Kepler field have been acquired. Physical parameters, radial velocities, and rotational velocities of these stars will be reported in other papers. In this paper we present MK spectral classifications for these spectra determined with the automatic classification code MKCLASS. We discuss the quality and reliability of the spectral types and present histograms showing the frequency of the spectral types in the main table organized according to luminosity class. Finally, as examples of the use of this spectral database, we compute the proportion of A-type stars that are Am stars, and identify 32 new barium dwarf candidates.
A SYSTEMATIC SURVEY FOR BROADENED CO EMISSION TOWARD GALACTIC SUPERNOVA REMNANTS
Authors: Kilpatrick Charles D. , Bieging John H. , Rieke George H. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
We present molecular spectroscopy toward 50 Galactic supernova remnants (SNRs) taken at millimeter wavelengths in 12CO J = 2 − 1. These observations are part of a systematic survey for broad molecular line (BML) regions indicative of interactions with molecular clouds (MCs). We detected BML regions toward 19 SNRs, including 9 newly identified BML regions associated with SNRs (G08.3–0.0, G09.9–0.8, G11.2–0.3, G12.2+0.3, G18.6–0.2, G23.6+0.3, 4C–04.71, G29.6+0.1, and G32.4+0.1). The remaining 10 SNRs with BML regions confirm previous evidence for MC interaction in most cases (G16.7+0.1, Kes 75, 3C 391, Kes 79, 3C 396, 3C 397, W49B, Cas A, and IC 443), although we confirm that the BML region toward HB 3 is associated with the W3(OH) H ii region, not the SNR. Based on the systemic velocity of each MC, molecular line diagnostics, and cloud morphology, we test whether these detections represent SNR–MC interactions. One of the targets (G54.1+0.3) had previous indications of a BML region, but we did not detect broadened emission toward it. Although broadened 12CO J = 2 − 1 line emission should be detectable toward virtually all SNR–MC interactions, we find relatively few examples; therefore, the number of interactions is low. This result favors mechanisms other than supernova feedback as the basic trigger for star formation. In addition, we find no significant association between TeV gamma-ray sources and MC interactions, contrary to predictions that SNR–MC interfaces are the primary venues for cosmic ray acceleration.
SPECTROSCOPIC VARIABILITY OF IRAS 22272+5435
Authors: Začs Laimons , Musaev Faig , Kaminsky Bogdan , Pavlenko Yakiv , Grankina Aija , Sperauskas Julius , Hrivnak Bruce J. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
A time series of high-resolution spectra was observed in the optical wavelength region for the bright proto-planetary nebula IRAS 22272+5435 (HD 235858), along with a simultaneous monitoring of its radial velocity and BV R

C
magnitudes. The object is known to vary in light, color, and velocity owing to pulsation with a period of 132 days. The light and color variations are accompanied by significant changes in spectral features, most of which are identified as lines of carbon-bearing molecules. According to the observations, the C2 Swan system and CN Red system lines are stronger near the light minimum. A photospheric spectrum of the central star was calculated using new self-consistent atmospheric models. The observed intensity variations in the C2 Swan system and CN Red system lines were found to be much larger than expected if due solely to the temperature variation in the atmosphere of the pulsating star. In addition, the molecular lines are blueshifted relative to the photospheric velocity. The site of formation of the strong molecular features appears to be a cool outflow triggered by the pulsation. The variability in atomic lines seems to be mostly due variations of the effective temperature during the pulsation cycle. The profiles of strong atomic lines are split, and some of them are variable in a timescale of a week or so, probably because of shock waves in the outer atmosphere.
A review of the Anomaloninae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Anomaloninae) from the Ukrainian Carpathians
Authors: Nuzhna Anna , Varga Oleksandr 
Published: December 2015

The Ukrainian Anomaloninae fauna is relatively poorly known. The presence of large under-collected areas, such as the Carpathians, makes taxonomic and faunistic studies concerning these parasitoids from Ukraine urgently relevant.
Based on our ongoing surveys on the Anomaloninae of the Ukrainian Carpathians, we report here the new distribution records for some species. In total 24 Anomaloninae species, belonging to 8 genera (Anomalon Panzer, 1804, Agrypon Förster, 1868, Aphanistes Förster, 1868, Barylypa Förster, 1868, Heteropelma Wesmael, 1849, Perisphincter Townes, 1961, Therion Curtis, 1829, and Trichomma Wesmael, 1849), were recorded from the studied region for the first time. Nine species, Agrypon batis Ratzeburg, 1955, A. scutellatum Hellén, 1926, Aphanistes gliscens Hartig, 1838, A. klugii Hartig, 1838, Heteropelma amictum Fabricius, 1775, Perisphincter gracilicornis Schnee, 1978, Therion giganteum Gravenhorst, 1829, Trichomma fulvidens Wesmael, 1849 and T. occisor Habermehl, 1909 were recorded for the first time in Ukraine. Seasonal dynamics and high-altitude zone of Anomaloninae species' distribution are discussed.
Natural History Museum Sound Archive I: Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae Leach, 1815, including 3D scans of burrow casts of Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa (Linnaeus, 1758) and Gryllotalpa vineae Bennet-Clark, 1970
Authors: Baker Ed , Broom Yoke-Shum 
Published: December 2015

The Natural History Museum (NHM) sound archive contains recordings of Gryllotalpidae, and the NHM collection holds plaster casts of the burrows of two species. These recordings and burrows have until now not been made available through the NHM's collection database, making it hard for researchers to make use of these resources.
Eighteen recordings of mole crickets (three identified species) held by the NHM have been made available under open licenses via BioAcoustica. 3D scans of the burrows of Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa (Linnaeus, 1758) and Gryllotalpa vineae Bennet-Clark, 1970 have been made available via the NHM Data Portal.
Rare genetic variants: making the connection with breast cancer susceptibility
Authors: Nguyen-Dumont Tú , Stewart Jenna , Winship Ingrid , Southey Melissa C. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe practice of clinical genetics in the context of breast cancer predisposition has reached another critical point in its evolution. For the past two decades, genetic testing offered to women attending clinics has been limited to BRCA1 and BRCA2 unless other syndromic indicators have been evident (e.g. PTEN and TP53 for Cowden and Li-Fraumeni syndrome, respectively). Women (and their families) who are concerned about their personal and/or family history of breast and ovarian cancer have enthusiastically engaged with clinical genetics services, anticipating a genetic cause for their cancer predisposition will be identified and to receive clinical guidance for their risk management and treatment options. Genetic testing laboratories have demonstrated similar enthusiasm for transitioning from single gene to gene panel testing that now provide opportunities for the large number of women found not to carry mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2, enabling them to undergo additional genetic testing. However, these panel tests have limited clinical utility until more is understood about the cancer risks (if any) associated with the genetic variation observed in the genes included on these panels. New data is urgently needed to improve the interpretation of the genetic variation data that is already reported from these panels and to inform the selection of genes included in gene panel tests in the future. To address this issue, large internationally coordinated research studies are required to provide the evidence-base from which clinical genetics for breast cancer susceptibility can be practiced in the era of gene panel testing and oncogenetic practice.Two significant steps associated with this process include i) validating the genes on these panels (and those likely to be added in the future) as bona fide1
breast cancer predisposition genes and ii) interpreting the variation, on a variant-by-variant basis in terms of their likely “pathogenicity”—a process commonly referred to as “variant classification” that will enable this new genetic information to be used at an individual level in clinical genetics services. Neither of these fundamental steps have been achieved for the majority of genes included on the panels.We are thus at a critical point for translational research in breast cancer clinical genetics—how can rare genetic variants be interpreted such that they can be used in clinical genetics services and oncogenetic practice to identify and to inform the management of families that carry these variants?
Ability of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) to develop on alternative host plant species
Authors: Bawin Thomas , Dujeu David , De Backer Lara , Francis Frédéric , Verheggen François J. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is a widespread devastating pest reported to develop on economically important solanaceous crops. The characterisation of its host range could help to understand and prevent the dispersion behaviour of the insect in the environment. In this study, the ability of T. absoluta to develop on 12 cultivated or non-cultivated plants including Solanaceae, Amaranthaceae, Convolvulaceae, Fabaceae, and Malvaceae species under laboratory conditions was assessed. For each plant species, we monitored the development times of immature stages, survival, sex ratios, and adult fecundity rates. All the six tested non-solanaceous plants, including Chenopodium Linnaeus (Amaranthaceae), Convolvulus Linnaeus (Convolvulaceae), and Malva Linnaeus (Malvaceae) species, were not able to sustain (i.e., allow growth and development) T. absoluta larvae. Solanum Linnaeus (Solanaceae) species were the most suitable host plants for the pest, but others could be opportunistically colonised with fewer incidences. Tuta absoluta appears to be strongly related to solanaceous plants that would predominantly support self-sustaining field populations. Preventing crop infestation by removing potential host plants in the immediate field vicinity and culture rotations with non-solanaceous crops is of primary importance.
EVALUATION OF GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE P1 POLYMORPHISM AND ITS RELATION TO BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN EGYPTIAN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH BETA- THALASSEMIA MAJOR
Authors: Ragab Seham 
Published: December 2015

Background:Osteoporosis is a major problem in beta thalassemia major (TM) patients. Increased oxidative stress and its controlling genes were linked to osteoporosis. Glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1),Ile105 Val variant is a functional mutation with reduced ant-oxidative property .No data are available about this variant or its association with osteoporosis among thalassemia patients yet. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate Ile105Val polymorphism and its possible association with bone mineral density (BMD) values in a group of TM children. Methods:Thirty five TM patients and 30 age and sex matched healthy controls were included. Liver and renal functions, serum ferritin, calcium, phosphorous, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were assayed. BMD was determined by DXA with calculation of Z-scores at lumbar spine (Ls) and femoral neck (Fn).Height for age z- score (HAZ) adjusted BMD Z-scores were considered . GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism was studied by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results:The relative frequency of 105 Val allele was significantly higher in TM patients than the controls (P<0.0001). Significant association between genotype subgroups and BMD parameters was detected. Mutant homozygotes had significant lower BMD , Z –score and haz -adjusted BMD Z-score at both Ls and Fn compared to wild homozygotes ( Ps =0.029, 0.008, 0.011, 0.001,0.02, 0.001) with significant higher osteocalcin level compared to heterozygotes and wild homozygotes (P=0.012 and P=0.013,respectively). Conclusion: The results indicated that 105Val allele was frequent among TM patients and could increase their susceptibility to osteoporosis. Large sample studies are required to confirm these findings.
Unsteady MHD Non-Darcian Flow Over a Vertical Stretching Plate Embedded in a Porous Medium with Thermal Non-Equilibrium Model
Authors: Prakash D. , Muthtamilselvan M. , Niu Xiao-Dong 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAn analysis is performed to study the influence of local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) on unsteady MHD laminar boundary layer flow of viscous, incompressible fluid over a vertical stretching plate embedded in a sparsely packed porous medium in the presence of heat generation/absorption. The flow in the porous medium is governed by Brinkman-Forchheimer extended Darcy model. A uniform heat source or sink is presented in the solid phase. By applying similarity analysis, the governing partial differential equations are transformed into a set of time dependent non-linear coupled ordinary differential equations and they are solved numerically by Runge-Kutta Fehlberg method along with shooting technique. The obtained results are displayed graphically to illustrate the influence of different physical parameters on the velocity, temperature profile and heat transfer rate for both fluid and solid phases. Moreover, the numerical results obtained in this study are compared with the existing literature in the case of LTE and found that they are in good agreement.
Improving the Stability of the Multiple-Relaxation-Time Lattice Boltzmann Method by a Viscosity Counteracting Approach
Authors: Zhang Chunze , Cheng Yongguang , Huang Shan , Wu Jiayang 
Published: December 2015

AbstractNumerical instability may occur when simulating high Reynolds number flows by the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The multiple-relaxation-time (MRT) model of the LBM can improve the accuracy and stability, but is still subject to numerical instability when simulating flows with large single-grid Reynolds number (Reynolds number/grid number). The viscosity counteracting approach proposed recently is a method of enhancing the stability of the LBM. However, its effectiveness was only verified in the single-relaxation-time model of the LBM (SRT-LBM). This paper aims to propose the viscosity counteracting approach for the multiple-relaxation-time model (MRT-LBM) and analyze its numerical characteristics. The verification is conducted by simulating some benchmark cases: the two-dimensional (2D) lid-driven cavity flow, Poiseuille flow, Taylor-Green vortex flow and Couette flow, and three-dimensional (3D) rectangular jet. Qualitative and Quantitative comparisons show that the viscosity counteracting approach for the MRT-LBM has better accuracy and stability than that for the SRT-LBM.
First salt making in Europe: an overview from Neolithic times
Authors: Weller Olivier 
Published: December 2015

This paper deals with the origin of salt production and discusses different approaches ranging from technology, ethnoarchaeology and paleoenvironmental studies to chemical analyses. Starting from the current research on the Neolithic exploitation of salt in Europe, we examine the types and nature of the salt resources (sea water, salt springs, soil or rock), the diversity of archaeological evidence of forms of salt working. We also scrutinize the types of production for these early forms of salt exploitation, with or without the use of crudely fired clay vessels (briquetage). Finally, we contextualise the socio-economic dimensions and highlight both the diversity of salt products and their characteristics, which go well beyond dietary roles.