bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality Preservation of Air‐Dried Sliced Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) by Lavender (Lavendula angustifolia Mill.) Essential Oil
Authors: Farokhian Forough , Jafarpour Mehrdad , Goli Mohammad , Askari‐Khorasgani Omid 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of chitosan (2%), ascorbic acid (40 g/L), citric acid (40 g/L), lavender oil (70%), cinnamon oil (50%) and heat treatment to enhance the quality and shelf‐life of sliced dried button mushroom (Agaricus bisporous) stored at 4°C for 19 days. Based on a completely randomized design, the experiment included seven treatments and four replications. Mushroom weight loss, soluble solids content (SSC), firmness, browning index (BI), vitamin C, pH, overall acceptability, and shelf‐life were measured. Lavender oil treatment was found to result in comparatively the most favorable effects in terms of BI, overall acceptability, marketability, weight loss, longevity and firmness of mushrooms. The study recommends lavender oil treatment as an economical processing strategy for preserving the quality and extending the storage life of ready‐to‐use air‐dried sliced mushrooms.Practical ApplicationsUnfortunately, mushrooms are highly perishable and tend to lose their quality during 3 days at room temperature and 8 days under refrigeration conditions in the fresh form, because they have no cuticle to protect them from physical damage, microbial attack and water loss as well as their high respiration rate. Their high respiration rate and high water content make them prone to microbial spoilage and enzymatic browning. Due to the lack of knowledge about an appropriate treatment for preserving the quality of sliced mushrooms, particularly air‐dried mushrooms and because most of studies have focused on only a few number of qualitative traits of mushrooms this study was conducted to develop an efficient cost‐effective procedure applicable for improving most of the postharvest qualitative traits of ready‐to‐use air‐dried mushrooms with safe natural compounds.
Detecting Sources of Staphylococcus aureus in One Small‐Scale Cheese Plant in Northwestern Mexico
Authors: Castañeda‐Ruelas Gloria Marisol , Soto‐Beltrán Marcela , Chaidez Cristóbal 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe study aimed to identify the sources involved in the transference of Staphylococcus aureus along the chain production of pasteurized Queso‐Fresco (QF) in one cheese‐processing plant (CPP) in Northwestern Mexico. Eighty‐six samples were collected in the CPP from QF, worker's hands, raw milk, dairy‐products and utensils. The Bacteriological Analytical Manual was used to detect and enumerate S. aureus, and the Pulsed‐Field‐Gel Electrophoresis to genetically relate the strains. S. aureus was found in 18.6% (16/86) of the samples; raw milk (20%), utensils (13.6%) and hands (10.5%) were identified as bacterial sources reflecting its high prevalence (55.6%) and levels in QF samples, which differs from the Mexican legislation (<3.0 Logcfu/g). The genotypic analyses showed nine SmaI‐patterns; one of them represented a predominant clone in QF samples, and the remaining profiles suggested the existence of multiple contamination sources at the CPP. Food handlers were the main carriers of bacterium causing final QF contamination.Practical ApplicationsThe number of small‐scale cheese‐processing plants in Northwestern Mexico has increased during the past decade. Combining traditional cheese making and good hygiene practices is a challenge, since several human pathogens pose hazard in the product. S. aureus is an important food poisoning pathogen that can be transmitted via raw milk and/or via hands to cheese. Mexican population regularly consumes handcrafted cheeses, and there is a lack of information on health issues. Surveillance safety programs complemented by the use of molecular tools allow tracing bacterial contamination, and might aid to correct the cheese‐processing plants, also improve the design of adequate hygienic and manufacturing practices to accredit the Queso‐Fresco safety and health regulation.
Microbiological and Physicochemical Quality of Salted Bluespot Mullet (Valamugil seheli) Stored at Different Temperature
Authors: Al‐Asous Abdulmohsen I. , Al‐Harbi Ahmed H. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractChanges in the microbiological and physicochemical quality of salted wild mullet (Valamugil seheli) stored at ambient temperature (22 ± 1°C) and refrigerator (4 ± 1°C) for 180 days were investigated. The total mesophilic viable counts in salted fish stored at ambient temperature and at refrigerator ranged from 2.04 ± 0.08 to 4.15 ± 0.06 log cfu/g−1
and from 3.62 ± 0.39 to 4.52 ± 0.50 log cfu/g−1, respectively. Populations of psychrotrophic viable bacteria in salted fish stored at ambient temperature and at refrigerator ranged from 2.51 ± 0.13 to 4.08 ± 0.04 log cfu/g−1, and from 3.43 ± 0.34 to 4.49 ± 0.52 log cfu/g−1, respectively. The total mesophilic and psychrotrophic viable counts in salted fish stored at ambient temperature and at refrigerator were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) gradually throughout the storage period. Moreover, none of the salted mullet samples harbored coliform including Escherichia coli.The salt, pH, water activity (Aw) moisture, protein, lipid and ash values of salted fish stored at ambient temperature ranged from 20.3 to 23.2%, 5.6 to 6.2, 0.283 to 0.755, 10.3 to 44.5, 23.1 to 56.1, 4.5 to 17.0 and 19.0 to 23.9, respectively, whereas the corresponding values of salted fish stored at refrigerator ranged from 18.0 to 23.2%, 5.1 to 6.5, 0.730 to 0.755, 33.0 to 44.5, 23.1 to 40.1, 4.5 to 5.8 and 19.0 to 21.9, respectively.The total volatile basic nitrogen value of salted fish stored at ambient temperature and at refrigerator ranged from 34.5 to 57.4 and 34.5 to 51.8 mg/100 g, respectively.The histamine value of salted fish stored at ambient temperature and at refrigerator ranged from 16.0 to 18.0 and from 16.0 to 18.6 mg/100 g, respectively.Practical ApplicationsSalting is one of the oldest and most common methods that have been used worldwide for fish preservation. This study aimed to determine the microbiological and physicochemical quality of salted bluespot mullet (Valamugil seheli) during refrigerated storage (4 ± 1°C) and at ambient temperature (22 ± 1°C). The results obtained from this study demonstrated that the salted mullet had high levels of total volatile basic nitrogen and histamine. Therefore, the results of this study would be useful for the scientific community and can be utilized by researches in future studies as well as by manufacturers to develop better processing and preservation strategy for salted fish.
Detection of Salmonella Serotypes by Overnight Incubation of Entire Broiler Carcass
Authors: Berrang M. E. , Cox N. A. , Cosby D. E. , Frye J. G. , Jackson C. R. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThere are multiple ways to sample broiler chicken carcasses for the prevalence of Salmonella. A common method in the USA is a whole carcass rinse and culture of an aliquot of the rinse. The objective of this study was to compare the sensitivity of the rinse aliquot method to overnight enrichment of the entire carcass in the rinse liquid. Fourteen replicate samplings of eight carcasses each were done at two commercial broiler processing plants. Carcasses were subjected to a whole carcass rinse in buffered peptone from which 30 mL was removed and added to 30 mL fresh buffered peptone (rinse aliquot sample). The aliquot sample and the carcass, in the remaining buffered peptone, were incubated overnight prior to standard selective enrichment and plating for Salmonella detection. Salmonella was detected in 15% of rinse aliquot samples and 59% of whole carcass enrichment samples. When detected by both methods, for the most part, the same serotypes were found on individual carcasses. Whole carcass enrichment was shown to be more sensitive than rinse aliquot method, and likely detects Salmonellae even when tightly bound to the carcass or present in very low numbers. As such, whole carcass enrichment is a useful research tool to determine Salmonella prevalence.Practical ApplicationsWhole broiler carcass enrichment is a more sensitive method for detection of Salmonella than whole carcass rinse and aliquot incubation. Logistical requirements, however, make it impractical for routine or large scale investigations. Whole carcass enrichment has utility for research purposes to determine relative sensitivity of other methods or for testing of broiler processing microbial interventions.
Transcription factors AS1 and AS2 interact with LHP1 to repress KNOX genes in Arabidopsis
Authors: Li Zhongfei , Li Bin , Liu Jian , Guo Zhihao , Liu Yuhao , Li Yan , Shen Wen‐Hui , Huang Ying , Huang Hai , Zhang Yijing , Dong Aiwu 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPolycomb group proteins are important repressors of numerous genes in higher eukaryotes. However, the mechanism by which Polycomb group proteins are recruited to specific genes is poorly understood. In Arabidopsis, LIKE HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN 1 (LHP1), also known as TERMINAL FLOWER 2, was originally proposed as a subunit of polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) that could bind the tri‐methylated lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3) established by the PRC2. In this work, we show that LHP1 mainly functions with PRC2 to establish H3K27me3, but not with PRC1 to catalyze monoubiquitination at lysine 119 of histone H2A. Our results show that complexes of the transcription factors ASYMMETRIC LEAVES 1 (AS1) and AS2 could help to establish the H3K27me3 modification at the chromatin regions of Class‐I KNOTTED1‐like homeobox (KNOX) genes BREVIPEDICELLUS and KNAT2 via direct interactions with LHP1. Additionally, our transcriptome analysis indicated that there are probably more common target genes of AS1 and LHP1 besides Class‐I KNOX genes during leaf development in Arabidopsis.
Freehand three‐dimensional ultrasound to assess semitendinosus muscle morphology
Authors: Haberfehlner Helga , Maas Huub , Harlaar Jaap , Becher Jules G. , Buizer Annemieke I. , Jaspers Richard T. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn several neurological disorders and muscle injuries, morphological changes of the m. semitendinosus (ST) are presumed to contribute to movement limitations around the knee. Freehand three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasound (US), using position tracking of two‐dimensional US images to reconstruct a 3D voxel array, can be used to assess muscle morphology in vivo. The aims of this study were: (i) to introduce a newly developed 3D US protocol for ST; and (ii) provide a first comparison of morphological characteristics determined by 3D US with those measured on dissected cadaveric muscles. Morphological characteristics of ST (e.g. muscle belly length, tendon length, fascicle length and whole muscle volume, and volumes of both compartments) were assessed in six cadavers using a 3D US protocol. Subsequently, ST muscles were removed from the body to measure the same morphological characteristics. Mean differences between morphological characteristics measured by 3D US and after dissection were smaller than 10%. Intra‐class correlation coefficients (ICCs) were higher than 0.75 for all variables except for the lengths of proximal fascicles (ICC = 0.58). Measurement of the volume of proximal compartment by 3D US was not feasible, due to low US image quality proximally. We conclude that the presented 3D US protocol allows for reasonably accurate measurements of key morphological characteristics of ST muscle.
Acne in adult women and the markers of peripheral 3 alpha‐diol G activity
Authors: Cunha Marisa G , Martins Carolina P , M Filho Carlos D'Aparecida , Alves Beatriz C A , Adami Fernando , Azzalis Ligia A , Fonseca Fernando L A 
Published: June 2016

SummaryBackgroundAcne in adult women is a frequent hard‐to‐manage disease with many relapse cases. It mostly interferes with the quality of life of patients, bringing them major metabolic and social losses. As androgenic hormones play a very important role in the acne pathogenesis, the early diagnosis of hyperandrogenic states is very useful for the proper evaluation of each patient and for a better choice of therapeutic management. Defining a pattern for laboratory profile analysis is important for the control of relapses of acne breakouts in adult women, which lately has been the aim of many published studies.AimTo establish the relation between 3 alpha‐diol G levels and acne in female patients with normal androgenic status without menstrual dysfunctions.Patients/MethodsThe evaluation of serum 3 alpha‐androstanediol glucuronide levels through an enzymatic immunoassay method (Androstanediol Glucuronide ELISA Kit) for a direct quantitative measurement in 26 patients with grade II and III acne, ages ranging from 13 to 50.ResultsAmong the analyzed patients, 83% had grade II acne, and among this total, 60% were aged 14 or over. According to age, 12 studied patients showed serum 3 alpha‐diol G levels within normal range and 11 patients had increased levels.ConclusionsA total of 60% of adult women with acne present increased levels of androgens and among those with normal levels and without menstrual dysfunctions, 50% show an increase in 3 alpha‐diol G. Therefore, a pharmacological approach with anti‐androgenic drugs for acne therapy in most of these patients is advisable.
Training programmes for family caregivers of people with dementia living at home: integrative review
Authors: Sousa Lia , Sequeira Carlos , Ferré‐Grau Carme , Neves Pedro , Lleixà‐Fortuño Mar 
Published: June 2016

Aims and objectivesTo establish primary features of training programmes designed to assist family caregivers of people with dementia living at home and to propose a model programme based on literature findings.BackgroundDue to dementia's distinctive progression, there is a widely felt need to train family members who undertake the responsibility of caring for relatives diagnosed with this condition to provide positive care, particularly during the early and middle stages of the disease.DesignIntegrative review.MethodsLiterature reviews were carried out in the Pubmed, CINAHL, Mediclatina and Medline databases, using the following describers: training programme, family caregivers, dementia and aged. Such searches encompassed publications between 2004–2014, together with eight articles for review due to their positive identification with the inclusion criteria. Relevant results were extracted, the subsequent analysis performed and the presentation carried out in a descriptive manner.ResultsThe prevailing length of a training programme for a family caregiver of people with dementia is of six sessions over a six‐week period, with one weekly session load, and an average duration of 100 minutes each. Methodologies most commonly used include discussion, problem‐solving models as well as skills and strategies training. The themes discussed comprehend caring for the individual with dementia, information about the illness and the use of health and community resources. Regarding the assessment of the family caregiver, the most widely used instruments are demographic assessment questionnaires, self‐efficiency and caregiver's burnout scales, as well as depression and quality of life measures. Three assessment instances of family caregivers’ needs during the training programme are commonly encountered: initial, final and follow‐up.ConclusionsThis review has identified a set of features transversal to training programmes for family members who undertake the care for individuals with dementia living at home, which will bolster the construction and validation of other programmes in the area. More studies about such programmes need to be implemented, particularly engaged in their conceptual and experimental validation.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results of this review assist nurses by increasing their awareness of the basic assumptions supporting training programmes for family members responsible for individuals with dementia living at home and subsequently enforce them during their interventions with such population.
The personal experience of living with chronic heart failure: a qualitative meta‐synthesis of the literature
Authors: Olano‐Lizarraga Maddi , Oroviogoicoechea Cristina , Errasti‐Ibarrondo Begoña , Saracíbar‐Razquin Maribel 
Published: June 2016

Aims and objectivesTo determine, from a systematic literature review, the experience of living with heart failure and to propose some practice guidelines and research questions.BackgroundChronic heart failure has been one of the fastest growing illnesses in recent decades, with almost 23 million people affected worldwide. This complex syndrome has multiple causes and appears when underlying heart disease is advanced. Currently, heart failure has no cure and leads to a significant deterioration in patients’ quality of life.DesignQualitative meta‐synthesis.MethodsA qualitative meta‐synthesis was conducted to extract and analyse qualitative research from the Cochrane, PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Cuiden databases. Snowball sampling and a manual search were performed to identify other relevant studies.ResultsTwenty‐five qualitative studies were selected. The findings indicate that there are three main themes that describe the phenomenon. The first theme refers to the experiences related to the beginning of the process. The second theme is connected with the effects on the person: physical, emotional, social and spiritual changes. The third theme is linked with how to live with heart failure despite the illness, including the adjustment and coping process and how external resources can help them to manage.ConclusionsHeart failure has a major impact on the entire person, but some areas have not been addressed. By creating new tools to understand and evaluate the impact of this illness and interventions that prevent or improve some situations, we can promote the well‐being and the quality of life of this population.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses must have a personal knowledge of the experiences and needs of the patients. To do this, nurses should create care environments that promote an exchange of experiences and knowledge between the nurse and the patient and family.
‘We just do the dirty work’: dealing with incontinence, courtesy stigma and the low occupational status of carework in long‐term aged care facilities
Authors: Ostaszkiewicz Joan , O'Connell Beverly , Dunning Trisha 
Published: June 2016

Aims and objectivesTo systematically examine, describe and explain how continence care was determined, delivered and communicated in Australian long aged care facilities.BackgroundIncontinence is a highly stigmatising condition that affects a disproportionally large number of people living in long‐term aged care facilities. Its day‐to‐day management is mainly undertaken by careworkers. We conducted a Grounded theory study to explore how continence care was determined, delivered and communicated in long‐term aged care facilities. This paper presents one finding, i.e. how careworkers in long‐term aged care facilities deal with the stigma, devaluation and the aesthetically unpleasant aspects of their work.DesignGrounded theory.MethodsEighty‐eight hours of field observations in two long‐term aged care facilities in Australia. In addition, in‐depth interviews with 18 nurses and careworkers who had experience of providing, supervising or assessment of continence care in any long‐term aged care facility in Australia.ResultsOccupational exposure to incontinence contributes to the low occupational status of carework in long‐term aged care facilities, and continence care is a symbolic marker for inequalities within the facility, the nursing profession and society at large. Careworkers’ affective and behavioural responses are characterised by: (1) accommodating the context; (2) dissociating oneself; (3) distancing oneself and (4) attempting to elevate one's role status.ConclusionThe theory extends current understandings about the links between incontinence, continence care, courtesy stigma, emotional labour and the low occupational status of carework in long‐term aged care facilities.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study provides insights into the ways in which tacit beliefs and values about incontinence, cleanliness and contamination may affect the social organisation and delivery of care in long‐term aged care facilities. Nurse leaders should challenge the stigma and devaluation of carework and careworkers, and reframe carework as ‘dignity work’.
Middle East respiratory syndrome–related knowledge, preventive behaviours and risk perception among nursing students during outbreak
Authors: Kim Ji Soo , Choi Jeong Sil 
Published: June 2016

Aims and objectivesThe aim of this study was to survey nursing students’ Middle East respiratory syndrome–related knowledge, preventive behaviours and risk perception to examine the correlations among the variables during a Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak.BackgroundMiddle East respiratory syndrome is a new viral respiratory illness. Nursing students who engage in clinical practice at hospitals may have been exposed to Middle East respiratory syndrome infection during the Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak.DesignThis study was a descriptive cross‐sectional survey.MethodsParticipants (n = 249) were nursing students in their third or fourth year of the programme who were engaged in clinical practice for eight hours per day at the tertiary hospitals with Middle East respiratory syndrome patients. Knowledge, preventive behaviours and risk perception related to Middle East respiratory syndrome were measured using scales developed through a preliminary survey and validity testing.ResultsThe subjects’ knowledge level of Middle East respiratory syndrome was 84·4%; their practice of preventive behaviours was rated at 44·5%; and their risk perception rating was 2·4 out of 5. Middle East respiratory syndrome–related risk perception was significantly different according to gender and Middle East respiratory syndrome education. Middle East respiratory syndrome–related knowledge was significantly correlated with preventive behaviours and risk perception.ConclusionConsidering the low scores for items regarding knowledge and preventive behaviours, it is necessary to develop effective and systematic publicity and education programmes for nursing students. Enhancing Middle East respiratory syndrome–related knowledge by considering cooperation between hospitals and universities will sharpen nursing students’ risk perception of the disease and effectively increase their preventive behaviours.Relevance to clinical practiceSimilar to other emerging infectious diseases, Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreaks may occur in other countries. The results of this study can be used to develop and apply efficient and feasible Middle East respiratory syndrome education programmes for nursing students during Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreaks.
Spillover Effects: Explaining Narrative Divergences of the Christian Right, 1979‐1989
Authors: Deerman M. Eugenia 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA case study of two organizations central to the Christian Right, the Moral Majority and Concerned Women for America, shows that the movement's core narrative of redemption split into two narratives that emphasized either of two meanings of redemption: (1) to reform society, and (2) to save sinners through prayer. I document the divergence by analysis of organizational publications. I find that the Christian Right's relationship with the New Right shaped the expression of this redemption narrative, resulting in these two versions of a core narrative. Spillover between the two movements occurred through organizational networks and contact between New Right organizations and Christian Right leaders. Spillover effects are evident in the ideological content, political training, and issues frames developed by Moral Majority and Concerned Women for America. These findings suggest that we must consider how movements accommodate divergent core narratives.