bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sobre el misterio estético en el texto literario: claves para una pedagogía de la literatura
Authors: García-Dussán Éder 
Published: September 2016

El artículo considera algunas implicaciones propias del concepto misterio estético que, según Roger Chartier, aproxima ciertos elementos que gobiernan la producción y la recepción de los textos literarios.Ahora bien, para lograr tal fin, acudimos a reflexiones instaladas en la semiótica, la teoría literaria y la filosofía del lenguaje. Posteriormente, ensayamos las digresiones en el caso del personaje rebeca, de Cien años de Soledad, apoyados en los principios metódicos sugeridos por Barthes, quien propone que todo texto debe ser analizado a la luz de una teoría liberadora del significante, y en Larrosa, para quien la lectura literaria instala una experiencia imaginativa transformadora. Los resultados de tal intervención dejan ver cómo el esfuerzo por demostrar una experiencia estética obliga a la labor de desenmascaramiento de la compleja red de asociaciones significantes que demoran la captura del sentido, al tiempo que sugiere claves para seguir enriqueciendo reflexiones pedagógicas sobre la enseñanza de la literatura.
Didáctica de la literatura: ¿cómo se contagia la literatura?
Authors: Altamirano Flores Federico 
Published: September 2016

El artículo tiene como objetivo proponer una estrategia de contagio de la literatura para la intervención práctica en la educación literaria de los estudiantes. Se propone el modelado estético como una estrategia pertinente para transmitir la pasión por la literatura. La propuesta se sustenta en la teoría del contagio literario, la pedagogía dialogante y la estética general. La formulación de la estrategia se inspira, por un lado, en el modelado cognitivo de Bandura y, por el otro, en las experiencias pedagógicas del escritor Vladimir Nabokov, quien ejerció la educación literaria con mucho éxito. A partir del análisis de las clases y testimonios de Nabokov, se elabora el modelado estético con sus respectivos procedimientos didácticos.Esta estrategia puede ser una alternativa didáctica para educar la sensibilidad literaria de los estudiantes.
De la estética de la recepción a la animación a la lectura: consideraciones teóricas para una propuesta de animación de la lectura literaria en espacios no convencionales
Authors: Higuera Guarín Gladys Yaneth 
Published: September 2016

El presente artículo propone explorar el modo en que la estética de la recepción se consolida como la base para entender la importancia de la promoción de lectura en comunidades vulnerables. Esta reflexión constituye la base teórica para la implementación de un proyecto de animación de lectura con los internos de la cárcel El Olivo de Santa Rosa de Viterbo, en el cual se emplean las fichas de animación de Beatriz Helena Robledo y las categorías de análisis literario de Sarah Hirschman.
3D Reconstruction of Porous Media From a 2D Section and Comparisons of Transport and Elastic Properties
Authors: Naraghi Morteza Elahi , Spikes Kyle , Srinivasan Sanjay 
Published: September 2016

Summary
High-resolution, 3D microstructure images of rocks can be used to compute the transport and elastic properties of those samples by use of a digital rock-physics approach. Those properties are complex functions of the pore-size distribution, geometry, and morphology, and necessitate the use of accurate 3D volumes. Because of the limited availability of 3D microstructure images of rocks, several attempts to construct 3D images from 2D images have been made.
In this study, we propose a new stochastic method to reconstruct a 3D image of the rock by use of only a 2D section of the imaged-rock sample. Our method is derived from a simple observation that the pores are gradually deformed from one section to the next. Therefore, the first step is to generate multiple independent realizations by performing multiple-point-statistics (MPS) -based stochastic simulations. These simulations represent independent 2D scans through the rock volume. Next, a succession of images is generated spanning two adjacent independent sections. These images consist of gradually morphed features from one section to those in the next independent section. Juxtaposing these 2D images results in the reconstructed 3D image.
We implement the algorithm on a Berea sandstone rock for which the 3D high image was available for comparison. We calculate the spatial connectivity in the third direction, and confirmed that the proposed method can retrieve the connectivity in the third direction accurately. We also compute transport and elastic properties from the reconstructed image and from the original image to verify that this method reproduces the appropriate spatial statistics and pore-size distribution, geometry, and morphology. We also compare the numerical results with laboratory measurements performed on the sample. The results obtained by use of the reconstructed image reveal that the numerically calculated properties are similar to the measured values. We compare the mismatch of transport and elastic properties with the original measurements with that of the previous reconstruction algorithm. These comparisons show that the proposed simulation method has the same accuracy as previous ones. However, the proposed method is much more computationally efficient than the other algorithms, which are dependent on simulation of all 2D layers, mainly because of the faster MPS algorithm and the fact that the simulation is being performed only for the independent layers instead of all the layers.
The proposed methodology is an accurate method to reconstruct a 3D representative sample of a rock given only one 2D thin section. The algorithm is computationally efficient and faster than the previously introduced algorithm, and can easily be used to characterize samples for which 3D images are difficult to obtain in terms of both time and expense.
Pecalang Existence in Keeping Public Order and Safety of Pakraman on the Celebration of Nyepi in Bali
Authors: Arsawati Ni Nyoman Juwita 
Published: September 2016

Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia 1945 on Regional Government, especially in Article 18 and paragraph (2) states that "the state recognizes and respects units of customary law communities along with their traditional rights as long as they still live, and in accordance with the development of society and the principles of the Republic of Indonesia, which is regulated by law ". In response to these provisions, the Bali provincial government released Regional Law 3 of 2003 on Pakraman and Customs Agency by sticking to the philosophy of "Tri Hita Karana". In maintaining security and public order Pakraman in Bali, a task force was formed traditionally called "pecalang", which means "celang" (the sharpness of the senses). Pecalang becomes one device of Pakraman, due to the formation through village Paruman (meeting) based on the teachings of Hinduism. Not all citizens can be pecalang of Pakraman, but the election is carried out by village prajuru based on Paruman stated in the villages "awig awig" (law). Therefore, based on the concept of "ngayah" (not paid), a pecalang in any activities is related to customs, religion, and other activities with national and international scope, are required to participate in maintaining security and order of Pakraman, the area where pecalang domiciled. Especially on Nyepi, pecalang in maintaining security and order in each Pakraman both the physical environment, socio-cultural environment, including the behavior of the villagers, still do a good cooperation with the police of state and the entire community in Pakraman with coordination on any activities carried out.
Firm Level Competitiveness of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs): Analytical Framework Based on Pillars of Competitiveness Model
Authors: Wisenthige Krishantha , Guoping Cheng 
Published: September 2016

The research on competitiveness has been increasing in popularity amongst scholars, there is a lack of studies focusing on the firm level competitiveness of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME). The objective of this paper is to develop a framework model, which can be used to analyze the competitiveness of the SME at the firm level. In this paper, we propose a framework of six pillars of competitiveness, which constitute the physical and human resources, innovation, networking, management processes as well as customers (demand conditions) and competitors (supply conditions). The methodology is unique in the sense that it incorporates the unique analytical framework called the bottlenecks over the pillars of competitiveness, which calculate the individual level competitiveness points for each SME and competition points that can collate significantly with the selected measures of competitiveness. This comprehensive framework needs to be tested empirically with the data in future research.
Pakistan’s Nuclear Policy & Development: A Sri Lankan Perspective
Authors: Aliff S.M. , Fowsar M.A.M 
Published: September 2016

This paper aims to examine the historical background of Pakistan’s nuclear strategic doctrines in the context of nuclear deterrence policy of Pakistan. After years of research, Pakistan proudly set off an atomic bomb in 1998 and became the first Muslim nation to join the nuclear community. Primarily, the reason of nuclear deterrence of Pakistan will be propound as part of their historical conflicts with India and Indian threat was the major motive for Pakistan unveiling its nuclear card. The explosion caused tensions around the world and further strained diplomatic relations between Pakistan and its main rival India, which had detonated its own atomic device in 1974. The original Pakistani effort to build the atomic bomb began in the 1950s and reached a fever pitch during the Jimmy Carter administration when Pakistan made a deal with France for a reprocessing plant that could create fissionable plutonium. The other part would emphasize the key part of the nuclear programme of Pakistan. In such context, this paper is an attempt to touch various issues regarding development of nuclear power in Pakistan, while highlighting the role of external powers which would contribute to the transitory nature of their dynamic relations to develop nuclear power in Pakistan. The data were collected mainly from secondary sources. The research concludes that the Pakistan may have no choice but to gain nuclear capability, to ensure its survival , and has developed its own nuclear weapons in order to strengthen its bargaining position vis-à-vis India and reduce its dependence on external sources.
Delays in Prior Living Kidney Donors Receiving Priority on the Transplant Waiting List
Authors: Wainright Jennifer L. , Klassen David K. , Kucheryavaya Anna Y. , Stewart Darren E. 
Published: September 2016

Background and objectives
Prior living donors (PLDs) receive very high priority on the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) kidney waiting list. Program delays in adding PLDs to the waiting list, setting their status to active, and submitting requests for PLD priority can affect timely access to transplantation.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We used the OPTN and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services data to examine timing of (1) listing relative to start of dialysis, (2) activation on the waiting list, and (3) requests for PLD priority relative to listing date. There were 210 PLDs (221 registrations) added to the OPTN kidney waiting list between January 1, 2010 and July 31, 2015.

Results
As of September 4, 2015, 167 of the 210 PLDs received deceased donor transplants, six received living donor transplants, two died, five were too sick to transplant, and 29 were still waiting. Median waiting time to deceased donor transplant for PLDs was 98 days. Only 40.7% of 221 PLD registrations (n=90) were listed before they began dialysis; 68.3% were in inactive status for <90 days, 17.6% were in inactive status for 90–365 days, 8.6% were in inactive status for 1–2 years, and 5.4% were in inactive status for >2 years. Median time of PLDs waiting in active status before receiving PLD priority was 2 days (range =0–1450); 67.4% of PLDs received PLD priority within 7 days after activation, but 15.4% waited 8–30 days, 8.1% waited 1–3 months, 4.1% waited 3–12 months, and 5.0% waited >1 year in active status for PLD priority. After receiving priority, most were transplanted quickly. Median time in active status with PLD priority before deceased donor transplant was 23 days.

Conclusions
Fewer than one half of listed PLDs were listed before starting dialysis. Most listed PLDs are immediately set to active status and receive PLD priority quickly, but a substantial number spends time in active status without PLD priority or a large amount of time in inactive status, which affects access to timely transplants.
An Investigation of Fat Infiltration of the Multifidus Muscle in Patients With Severe Neck Symptoms Associated With Chronic Whiplash-Associated Disorder
Authors: Karlsson Anette , Leinhard Olof Dahlqvist , Åslund Ulrika , West Janne , Romu Thobias , Smedby Örjan , Zsigmond Peter , Peolsson Anneli 
Published: September 2016

Study Design Cross-sectional study. Background Findings of fat infiltration in cervical spine multifidus, as a sign of degenerative morphometric changes due to whiplash injury, need to be verified. Objectives To develop a method using water/fat magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate fat infiltration and cross-sectional area of multifidus muscle in individuals with whiplash-associated disorders (WADs) compared to healthy controls. Methods Fat infiltration and cross-sectional area in the multifidus muscles spanning the C4 to C7 segmental levels were investigated by manual segmentation using water/fat-separated MRI in 31 participants with WAD and 31 controls, matched for age and sex. Results Based on average values for data spanning C4 to C7, participants with severe disability related to WAD had 38% greater muscular fat infiltration compared to healthy controls (P = .03) and 45% greater fat infiltration compared to those with mild to moderate disability related to WAD (P = .02). There were no significant differences between those with mild to moderate disability and healthy controls. No significant differences between groups were found for multifidus cross-sectional area. Significant differences were observed for both cross-sectional area and fat infiltration between segmental levels. Conclusion Participants with severe disability after a whiplash injury had higher fat infiltration in the multifidus compared to controls and to those with mild/moderate disability secondary to WAD. Earlier reported findings using T1-weighted MRI were reproduced using refined imaging technology. The results of the study also indicate a risk when segmenting single cross-sectional slices, as both cross-sectional area and fat infiltration differ between cervical levels. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(10):886–893. Epub 2 Sep 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6553
Anatomically preserved fossil cornalean fruits from the Upper Cretaceous of Hokkaido: Eydeia hokkaidoensis gen. et sp. nov.
Authors: Stockey Ruth A. , Nishida Harufumi , Atkinson Brian A. 
Published: September 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The basal asterid clade Cornales radiated during the Late Cretaceous. However, our understanding of early evolutionary patterns and relationships remain obscure. New data from five permineralized fruits in calcareous concretions from the Upper Cretaceous (Coniacian‐Santonian) Haborogawa Formation, Hokkaido, Japan provide anatomical details that aid our knowledge of the group.METHODS:Specimens were studied from cellulose acetate peels, and three‐dimensional reconstructions were rendered using AVIZO.KEY RESULTS:Fruits are drupaceous, roughly pyriform, 2.9–4.3 mm in diameter, with a fleshy mesocarp, transition sclereids, and a stony endocarp of four to five locules, with the septa forming a cross or star‐like pattern in transverse section, distinct germination valves, and one apically attached anatropous seed per locule. Vascular tissue occurs in zones between the mesocarp and exocarp, in two rows within the septa, and prominent seed bundles can be traced throughout the fruit sections. Seeds have a single integumentary layer of radially flattened square to rectangular cells and copious cellular endosperm. A fully formed, straight, cellular dicotyledonous embryo, with closely appressed, spathulate cotyledons, is present within each seed.CONCLUSIONS:The unique combination of characters shown by these fruits is found in Cornaceae, Curtisiaceae, and Davidiaceae and allows us to describe a new taxon of Cornales, Eydeia hokkaidoensis gen. et sp. nov., with many similarities to extant Davidia involucrata. These fossils underscore the phylogenetic diversification of Cornales that was underway during the Late Cretaceous and support the hypothesis that a Davidia‐like fruit morphology is plesiomorphic within Cornales.
The role of polyploidy in shaping morphological diversity in natural populations ofPhlox amabilis
Authors: Chansler Matthew T. , Ferguson Carolyn J. , Fehlberg Shannon D. , Prather L. Alan 
Published: September 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Studies of natural populations of polyploids increasingly highlight complex patterns of variation in ploidy and geographic distribution of cytotypes. As our understanding of the complexity of polyploidy grows, our understanding of the morphological correlates of polyploidy should expand as well. Here we examine in what ways, and to what degree, polyploidy affects the overall phenotype of a species across its distribution when there are three ploidies and geographic complexity in cytotype distribution.METHODS:We measured 31 morphological traits from stems, leaves, and flowers from up to 25 individuals from 11 sites across the distribution ofPhlox amabilis. Chromosome counts and flow cytometry confirmed and expanded upon earlier research documenting diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid populations, and also identified a site with two ploidies. Univariate and multivariate statistics were used to characterize the morphological effects of polyploidy.KEY RESULTS:We detected significant associations between morphology and ploidy in 11 traits spread across vegetative and reproductive structures. Generally, diploid individuals differed from polyploid individuals to a greater extent, and in different ways, than tetraploid and hexaploid plants differed from each other. Multivariate morphometrics demonstrated that the two primary axes of overall variation are driven by morphological traits associated with polyploidy, and individuals of different ploidies can be discriminated with 95% success.CONCLUSIONS:Polyploidy plays a major role in shaping overall morphological diversity in natural populations ofP. amabilis.
Les dernières évolutions du principe de raison suffisante
Authors: Lalanne Arnaud 
Published: September 2016

Tout le monde associe la philosophie de Leibniz au « principe de raison suffisante », comme s’il s’agissait d’un invariant de sa pensée. Pourtant, cette dénomination n’apparaît qu’autour de 1702 dans son œuvre, soit plus de trente ans après les premières mentions de « l’axiome reçu » selon lequel « rien n’est sans raison ». Il faut attendre encore dix ans pour que Leibniz dise « mon principe de raison suffisante » (« meum Rationis sufficientis principium », lettre à Des Bosses de février 1712) ; et l’année de sa mort, il parle encore de « [...] [s]on principe du besoin d’une raison suffisante... » (§ 18 du Cinquième écrit à Clarke , août 1716). Faut-il voir dans cette dénomination le « dernier » mot de sa conception du principe de raison ou simplement le dernier état de sa pensée sur le sujet ?
L’autonomie épistémologique de l’analogie chez Leibniz
Authors: Leduc Christian 
Published: September 2016

Leibniz emploie des arguments par analogie dans une pluralité de domaines théoriques. Selon certains commentateurs, ces usages seraient à articuler autour du concept métaphysique d’expression : pour qu’une analogie soit valide, il faut la fonder sur un rapport de proportionnalité perceptive et expressive. Dans le présent article, il s’agit de donner plutôt une interprétation non-métaphysique de l’analogie chez Leibniz. Dans plusieurs contextes, il ne serait ni souhaitable, ni même possible de trouver un fondement métaphysique aux comparaisons analogiques. L’autonomie épistémologique de l’analogie serait par ailleurs un acquis des premiers textes de Leibniz et qui se répercuterait jusqu’aux œuvres de la maturité.
Félicité commune et inquiétude dans la pensée politique de Leibniz
Authors: Basso Luca 
Published: September 2016

Le but de l’article est de mettre en évidence l’importance de la question de la felicitas dans la réflexion éthique et politique de Leibniz, selon une réciprocité entre la dimension individuelle et la dimension commune. Cette recherche leibnizienne se déroule en termes dynamiques : la félicité est liée à un progrès perpétuel des formes politiques, et le progrès n’est jamais accompli une fois pour toutes, si bien que félicité et inquiétude ne s’op­posent pas. La respublica doit être interprétée à partir de cet enjeu conceptuel et politique.
Christine de Pizan dans l’Angleterre du XV e siècle : une autorité en matière de bon gouvernement ?
Authors: Mairey Aude 
Published: September 2016

De nombreux textes littéraires en anglais, au xv	e	siècle font preuve d’une préoccupation pour le bon gouvernement et le bien commun. Plusieurs d’entre eux sont des traductions ou des adaptations du français, qu’il s’agisse de textes originaux (Guillaume de Deguileville, Alain Chartier, etc.) ou de traductions du latin (Laurent de Premierfait, etc.), sans compter les influences plus informelles. Christine de Pizan est bien connue en Angleterre dès le tournant des xiv	e et xv	e	siècles : Henri IV de Lancastre l’a invitée à sa cour (invitation qu’elle a refusée) et des manuscrits de ses œuvres circulent. Elle est également traduite et adaptée tout au long du siècle et encore au siècle suivant, sous le règne d’Henri VIII Tudor.	Qu’apporte Christine à ces auteurs-traducteurs ? C’est peut-être d’abord l’éloquence de Christine, et l’usage qu’elle en fait, qui les aurait séduit, et cela est sans doute une raison importante dans un siècle où l’anglais se constitue en langue savante, politique et littéraire. Mais, plus largement, se pose la question de l’articulation entre ces développements de l’anglais et l’usage politique que font ces auteurs de Christine de Pizan, à un moment où l’Angleterre et la France se construisent en partie par leur confrontation, et alors même que Christine est une femme. Cet article aborde cette question à travers trois exemples de traductions empruntés à trois moments différents : la Letter of Cupid de Thomas Hoccleve au tout début du xv	e	siècle, l’ Epistle of Othea de Stephen Scrope dans les années 1440 et les Fayttes of Armes de William Caxton, imprimés en 1489.
L’État princier à l’épreuve. Financer et conduire la guerre pendant la crise de l’État bourguignon (1477-1493)
Authors: Sablon du Corail Amable 
Published: September 2016

Entre 1477 et 1493, l’État bourguignon traversa la plus grave crise de son existence. Face à Louis XI, les successeurs de Charles le Téméraire durent d’abord défendre l’intégrité territoriale de leurs possessions. À l’intérieur de celles-ci, ils furent confrontés aux revendications des villes de Flandre et de Brabant, porteuses d’un projet politique fondé sur l’autonomie urbaine. Au contexte politique très difficile, s’ajoute une conjoncture défavorable, en raison du très haut niveau des salaires, et donc du coût de la guerre, à la fin du xv	e	siècle. Les structures financières et militaires de l’État bourguignon ont très vite montré leurs limites, obligeant les capitaines de Maximilien de Habsbourg à vivre d’expédients, de réquisitions et de pillages. Peut-on pour autant parler d’État failli ? Non, car au bout du compte, en dépit de la violence générée par l’incapacité de l’État à financer la guerre dans la longue durée, la légitimité du pouvoir princier ne fut jamais sérieusement contestée, pas plus que sa finalité, à savoir dispenser la paix et la justice.