bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controles internos no 3º Setor: framework proposto para a Casa Durval Paiva
Authors: Lima Allan de Aquino Pereira , Peleias Ivam Ricardo 
Published: October 2024

This interventionist research proposed an internal controls framework to assist in solving management problems at Casa Durval Paiva-RN, a 3rd sector organization. The research took place in four stages: a) structural diagnosis, objectives, difficulties and management problems; b) the search for similar studies; c) planning and application of proposed framework, and: d) result´s valuation from the perspective of the managers. According to the managers, the framework brought short- and long-term benefits: I) management problems were confirmed during control´s setting and coincide with the perception of the stakeholders; II) proposed procedures were in line with Casa´s objectives. They are easy to understand, implement, monitor and don´t affect their daily routine; III) framework´s objectives are aligned with Casa´s objectives but face resistance from company employees, thus training and awareness were suggested for effectiveness in controls and activities. The results indicate that the framework contributed to solve and mitigate management problems and Casa´s management. Also corroborate with previous researches on the need of management tools for 3rd sector´s management, as well as social relevance of these organizations, that go beyond filling the gaps for the State.
África como Ruta de Importancia para el Tráfico de Estupefacientes Hacia Europa, Asia y Oceanía
Authors: Barahona Chavarría Rolando Rafael 
Published: October 2024

Este articulo está basado en información obtenida y recopilada esencialmente en fuentes abiertas, además de realizar una comparativa de datos a lo largo de un determinado periodo de tiempo, tomando como base los datos del Centro Internacional de Investigación y Análisis contra el Narcotráfico Marítimo (CMCON), en donde se trata de demostrar con argumentos la importancia que tiene el continente africano en el tránsito y tráfico ilegal de estupefacientes, lo cual es utilizado de manera efectiva por las organizaciones criminales transnacionales (OCT) para sus hechos delictivos, utilizando diversas modalidades como Lancha Go Fast, Buque Alto Bordo, Embarcación de Pesca y Embarcación de Recreo, principalmente. Posteriormente, se pueden sacar conclusiones basados en la dinámica del narcotráfico actual en el continente africano en donde se puede observar cómo estas OCT trafican diferentes tipos de estupefacientes, principalmente clorhidrato de cocaína (CHC) y Hachís
Response of Construction Industry to Carbon Neutrality: A Case Study on Taiwan, Thailand, and Japan
Authors: Lin Jeng-Yuan 
Published: October 2024

Large-scale emissions of greenhouse gases have contributed to global warming, leading to extreme weather events worldwide and posing a serious threat to human survival. Carbon dioxide is the primary greenhouse gas contributing to this phenomenon. The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has established a global consensus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions to achieve carbon neutrality. This study focused on the construction industry, a major contributor to carbon emissions, by exploring the strategies and business models employed by construction companies in three Asian countries to achieve carbon neutrality. This study aimed to explore the current state of the construction industry in both developed (Japan) and developing (Taiwan and Thailand) countries in Asia by analyzing the following: their progress toward net-zero emissions; the implementation of environmental, social, and governance criteria policy; and the alignment with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. Specifically, this study examined how the construction industries in these countries promote carbon neutrality when implementing construction projects while simultaneously contributing to environmental and social welfare to enhance long-term corporate competitiveness. Overall, environmental, social, and governance performance has become a crucial global standard for corporate investment evaluation.
Idealized modeling of convective organization with changing sea surface temperatures using multiple equilibria in weak temperature gradient simulations
Authors: Sentić Stipo , Sessions Sharon L. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe weak temperature gradient (WTG) approximation is a method of parameterizing the influences of the large scale on local convection in limited domain simulations. WTG simulations exhibit multiple equilibria in precipitation; depending on the initial moisture content, simulations can precipitate or remain dry for otherwise identical boundary conditions. We use a hypothesized analogy between multiple equilibria in precipitation in WTG simulations, and dry and moist regions of organized convection to study tropical convective organization. We find that the range of wind speeds that support multiple equilibria depends on sea surface temperature (SST). Compared to the present SST, low SSTs support a narrower range of multiple equilibria at higher wind speeds. In contrast, high SSTs exhibit a narrower range of multiple equilibria at low wind speeds. This suggests that at high SSTs, organized convection might occur with lower surface forcing. To characterize convection at different SSTs, we analyze the change in relationships between precipitation rate, atmospheric stability, moisture content, and the large‐scale transport of moist entropy and moisture with increasing SSTs. We find an increase in large‐scale export of moisture and moist entropy from dry simulations with increasing SST, which is consistent with a strengthening of the up‐gradient transport of moisture from dry regions to moist regions in organized convection. Furthermore, the changes in diagnostic relationships with SST are consistent with more intense convection in precipitating regions of organized convection for higher SSTs.
Seismic shaking in the North China Basin expected from ruptures of a possible seismic gap
Authors: Duan Benchun , Liu Dunyu , Yin An 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA 160 km long seismic gap, which has not been ruptured over ~8000 years, was identified recently in North China. In this study, we use a dynamic source model and a newly available high‐resolution 3‐D velocity structure to simulate long‐period ground motion (up to 0.5 Hz) from possibly worst case rupture scenarios of the seismic gap. We find that the characteristics of the earthquake source and the local geologic structure play a critical role in controlling the amplitude and distribution of the simulated strong ground shaking. Rupture directivity and slip asperities can result in large‐amplitude (i.e., >1 m/s) ground shaking near the fault, whereas long‐duration shaking may occur within sedimentary basins. In particular, a deep and closed Quaternary basin between Beijing and Tianjin can lead to ground shaking of several tens of cm/s for more than 1 min. These results may provide a sound basis for seismic mitigation in one of the most populated regions in the world.
The impact on the ozone layer from NOx produced by terrestrial gamma ray flashes
Authors: Cramer E. S. , Briggs M. S. , Liu N. , Mailyan B. , Dwyer J. R. , Rassoul H. K. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe motivation of this work is to understand the effects of terrestrial gamma ray flashes (TGFs) on the ozone layer. One of the main ozone‐destroying mechanisms is the production of NOx in the stratospheric region. NOx from lightning has been considered as a possible cause of ozone depletion, but probably little of this NOx is transported from the tropopause to the stratosphere. Since the energetic particles of TGFs travel from ≈12 km to space, the resulting ionization can produce NOx directly in the stratosphere. In order to quantify the production of stratospheric NOx from TGFs, we use the Runaway Electron Avalanche Model to simulate a typical setup of the acceleration region inside a thundercloud. The photons are then transported through the Earth's atmosphere, where they deposit some of their energy as ionization in the ozone layer. We then calculate the number of NOx molecules produced by considering the average energy required to produce one electron‐ion pair. Finally, the effect of TGF NOx production is estimated using the global annual rate of TGFs. It is estimated that the NOx production of TGFs is completely negligible compared to other sources, and therefore, TGFs have no effect on the ozone layer.
The rapid yet uneven turnover of Earth's groundwater
Authors: Befus Kevin M. , Jasechko Scott , Luijendijk Elco , Gleeson Tom , Bayani Cardenas M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe turnover of groundwater through recharge drives many processes throughout Earth's surface and subsurface. Yet groundwater turnover rates and their relationship to regional climate and geology remain largely unknown. We estimated that over 200 × 106 km3 of groundwater has recharged since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), which is 10 times the volume of global groundwater storage. However, flushing is very unevenly distributed throughout Earth's one million watersheds, with some aquifers turned over thousands of times to others with <1% turnover. The median global groundwater turnover of 5 ± 3 times since the LGM highlights groundwater's active role in Earth system processes. Incomplete groundwater turnover since the LGM beneath a third of land areas reveals the imprint of relict climate conditions on modern‐day groundwater resources. The bulk groundwater turnover calculated here enables better quantification of groundwater's impact in dynamic global water budgets and the transport of nutrients, contaminants, and geologic weathering products.
Footprints of spontaneous fluid redistribution on capillary pressure in porous rock
Authors: Helland Johan Olav , Friis Helmer André , Jettestuen Espen , Skjæveland Svein M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPore‐scale imaging of two‐phase flow in porous media shows that pore filling occurs as cooperative events with accompanying spontaneous fluid redistribution in other parts of the pore space. We present a level set method that controls saturation quasi‐statically to model experiments controlled by low, constant flow rates and demonstrate that our method can describe the observed displacement mechanisms. The level set approach determines states of capillary equilibrium, which generally are different for displacement protocols constrained by saturation and pressure. Saturation‐controlled simulations of drainage in sandstone show spontaneous fluid redistributions with abrupt pressure jumps and cooperative behavior, including snap‐off and interface retraction events, consistent with experimental observations. Drainage capillary pressure curves are lower when saturation, rather than pressure, controls displacement. Remarkably, these effects are less significant for imbibition processes where the development of hydraulically connected wetting phase moderates the cooperative behavior and associated pressure jumps.
First report of resonant interactions between whistler mode waves in the Earth's magnetosphere
Authors: Gao Xinliang , Lu Quanming , Wang Shui 
Published: May 2017

AbstractNonlinear physics related to whistler mode waves in the Earth's magnetosphere are now becoming a hot topic. In this letter, based on Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms waveform data, we report several interesting whistler mode wave events, where the upper band whistler mode waves are believed to be generated through the nonlinear wave‐wave coupling between two lower band waves. This is the first report on resonant interactions between whistler mode waves in the Earth's magnetosphere. In these events, the two lower band whistler mode waves are observed to have oppositely propagating directions, while the generated upper band wave has the same propagating direction as the lower band wave with the relatively higher frequency. Moreover, the wave normal angle of the excited upper band wave is usually larger than those of two lower band whistler mode waves. Our results reveal the large diversity of the evolution of whistler mode waves in the Earth's magnetosphere.
Dependence of the amplitude of magnetosonic waves on the solar wind and AE index using Van Allen Probes
Authors: Kim Kyung‐Chan , Shprits Yuri 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe present the dependence of the magnetosonic wave amplitudes both outside and inside the plasmapause on the solar wind and AE index using Van Allen Probe‐A spacecraft during the time period of 1 October 2012 to 31 December 2015, based on a correlation and regression analysis. Solar wind parameters considered are the southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF BS), solar wind number density (NSW), and bulk speed (VSW). We find that the wave amplitudes outside (inside) the plasmapause are well correlated with the preceding AE, IMF BS, and NSW with time delays, each corresponding to 2–3 h (3–4 h), 4–5 h (3–4 h), and 2–3 h (8–9 h), while the correlation with VSW is ambiguous both inside and outside the plasmapause. As measured by the correlation coefficient, the IMF BS is the most influential solar wind parameter that affects the dayside wave amplitudes both outside and inside the plasmapause, while NSW contributes to enhancing the duskside waves outside the plasmapause. The AE effect on wave amplitudes is comparable to that of IMF BS. More interestingly, regression with time histories of the solar wind parameters and the AE index preceding the wave measurements outside the plasmapause shows significant dependence on the IMF BS, NSW, and AE: the region of peak coefficients is changed with time delay for IMF BS and AE, while isolated peaks around duskside remain gradually decrease with time for NSW. In addition, the regression with magnetosonic waves inside the plasmapause shows high coefficients around prenoon sector with preceding IMF BS and VSW.
Psychosocial work factors and low back pain in taxi drivers
Authors: Burgel Barbara J. , Elshatarat Rami A. 
Published: May 2017

IntroductionTaxi drivers are at high risk for low back pain (LBP).AimIdentify the association between psychosocial‐work factors (Job strain, Iso‐strain, effort‐reward imbalance [ERI], unfairness, and mental exertion) and LBP in taxi drivers.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was done with 129 taxi drivers.ResultsApproximately 63% reported LBP in the prior 12 months. Chi square or t‐test analyses identified the associations between demographic, work, health, and psychosocial work factors, and self‐report of LBP in the prior 12 months. Depression, perceived physical exertion, dispatcher and manager support, unfair treatment at work, and unfair treatment due to nationality were significantly associated with LBP in bivariate analyses. Multivariate logistic regression was done to identify the predictors of LBP. High dispatcher support remained the sole significant predictor for lower prevalence of LBP (OR = 0.66, P = 0.017).ConclusionGreater understanding of psychosocial work factors may aid in developing interventions to prevent LBP in taxi drivers.
Biofunktionale Mikrogel‐basierte Dünger zur kontrollierten Blattdüngung mit Nährstoffen auf Pflanzen
Authors: Meurer Richard A. , Kemper Steffen , Knopp Sandra , Eichert Thomas , Jakob Felix , Goldbach Heiner E. , Schwaneberg Ulrich , Pich Andrij 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDie Blattdüngung mit Mikronährstoffen (z. B. Fe3+) bei Pflanzen über einen längeren Zeitraum ist anspruchsvoll und oft aufgrund unzureichender Regenbeständigkeit nicht möglich. Intelligente Versorgungssysteme, die eine Freisetzung von Mikronährstoffen über mehrere Wochen ermöglichen, würden innovative und nachhaltige Lösungen zur Verbesserung der Pflanzengesundheit und der Lebensmittelproduktion im Allgemeinen liefern. Wir berichten über ein neues Versorgungssystem zur Blattdüngung basierend auf funktionalen, pH‐ansprechbaren Biohybrid‐Mikrogelen, die orthogonale Funktionalitäten als Träger der Mikronährstoffe und zum Einsatz von Peptiden (bezeichnet als Ankerpeptide) als Haftungspromotoren auf der Blattoberfläche besitzen. Die Ankerpeptide binden an hydrophobe Oberflächen, bevorzugt an die wachsartigen “Inseln” auf der Blattoberfläche. Unser System benötigt keine Hilfsmittel und kann in wässriger Dispersion beladen, aufbewahrt und angewendet werden. Wir beschreiben sowohl die Synthese und Funktionalisierung der Mikrogele als auch deren Beladung mit Fe3+ Ionen. Abschließend wird ein erfolgreicher Nachweis der Wirksamkeit an Gurkenpflanzen, die an Eisenmangel leiden, präsentiert.
Tunable Self‐Assembly of Diblock Copolymers into Colloidal Particles with Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces
Authors: Lin Zhixing , Liu Shaohua , Mao Wenting , Tian Hao , Wang Nan , Zhang Ninghe , Tian Feng , Han Lu , Feng Xinliang , Mai Yiyong 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe herein report the tunable self‐assembly of simple block copolymers, namely polystyrene‐block‐poly(ethylene oxide) (PS‐b‐PEO) diblock copolymers, into porous cubosomes with inverse
or
mesophases of controlled unit cell parameters as well as hexasomes with an inverse hexagonal (p6mm) structure, which have been rarely observed in polymer self‐assembly. A new morphological phase diagram was constructed for the solution self‐assembly of PS‐b‐PEO based on the volume fraction of the PS block against the initial copolymer concentration. The formation mechanisms of the cubosomes and hexasomes have also been revealed. This study not only affords a simple system for the controllable preparation and fundamental studies of ordered bicontinuous structures, but also opens up a new avenue towards porous architectures with highly ordered pores.
Doubly Caged Linker for AND‐Type Fluorogenic Construction of Protein/Antibody Bioconjugates and In Situ Quantification
Authors: Liu Guhuan , Shi Guohai , Sheng Haoyue , Jiang Yanyan , Liang Haojun , Liu Shiyong 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn situ quantification of the conjugation efficiency of azide‐terminated synthetic polymers/imaging probes and thiol‐functionalized antibodies/proteins/peptides was enabled by a doubly caged profluorescent and heterodifunctional core molecule C1 as a self‐sorting bridging unit. Orthogonal dual “click” coupling of C1 with azide‐ and thiol‐functionalized precursors led to highly fluorescent bioconjugates, whereas single‐click products remained essentially nonfluorescent. Integration with FRET processes was also possible. For the construction of antibody–probe conjugates from an anti‐carcinoembryonic antigen and a quinone‐caged profluorescent naphthalimide derivative, the dual “click” coupling process with C1 was monitored on the basis of the emission turn‐on of C1, whereas prominent changes in FRET ratios occurred for antibody–imaging‐probe conjugates when specifically triggered by quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), which is overexpressed in various types of cancer cells.
Silica–Polypyrrole Hybrids as High‐Performance Metal‐Free Electrocatalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Neutral Media
Authors: Feng Jin‐Xian , Xu Han , Ye Sheng‐Hua , Ouyang Gangfeng , Tong Ye‐Xiang , Li Gao‐Ren 
Published: May 2017

AbstractConstructing inorganic–organic hybrids with superior properties in terms of water adsorption and activation will lead to catalysts with significantly enhanced electrocatalytic activity in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in environmentally benign neutral media. Herein, we report SiO2–polypyrrole (PPy) hybrid nanotubes supported on carbon fibers (CFs) (SiO2 /PPy NTs–CFs) as inexpensive and high‐performance electrocatalysts for the HER in neutral media. Because of the strong electronic interactions between SiO2 and PPy, the SiO2 uniquely serves as the centers for water adsorption and activation, and accordingly promotes the HER. The metal‐free SiO2 /PPy NTs–CFs displayed high catalytic activity in the HER in neutral media, such as a low onset potential and small Tafel slope, as well as excellent long‐term durability.
Ein ungesättigtes Chinolon‐N‐oxid von Pseudomonas aeruginosa moduliert Wachstum und Virulenz von Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Szamosvári Dávid , Böttcher Thomas 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDas Humanpathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa produziert über 50 verschiedene Chinolone, von denen 16 zur Klasse der 2‐Alkyl‐4‐chinolon‐N‐oxide (AQNOs) gehören, die in Länge und Sättigung der Seitenkette variieren. Wir berichten hier über die erste Synthese einer zuvor vermuteten ungesättigten AQNO‐Variante, die wir in Kulturextrakten von P. aeruginosa bestätigen und deren Struktur als trans‐Δ1‐2‐(Non‐1‐enyl)‐4‐chinolon‐N‐oxid aufklären konnten. Während das cis‐Isomer inaktiv ist, zeigt die trans‐Verbindung Aktivität gegen S. aureus, einschließlich MRSA, die um mehr als eine Größenordnung höher ist als die der übrigen AQNOs. Bei niedrigen Konzentrationen induziert die Verbindung das Wachstum kleiner Kolonievarianten von S. aureus und inhibiert dessen Virulenz durch Hemmung der Hämolyse sowie unter anaeroben Bedingungen die Aktivität der Nitratreduktase. Unsere Untersuchungen lassen vermuten, dass das ungesättigte AQNO einer der Hauptwirkstoffe von P. aeruginosa ist, durch den es konkurrierende Bakterienspezies moduliert.
Enantioselective Propargylation of Polyols and Desymmetrization of meso 1,2‐Diols by Copper/Borinic Acid Dual Catalysis
Authors: Li Ren‐Zhe , Tang Hua , Yang Ke R. , Wan Li‐Qiang , Zhang Xia , Liu Jie , Fu Zhengyan , Niu Dawen 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA copper/borinic acid dual catalytic reaction enabled the enantioselective propargylation of aliphatic polyols. Readily available reagents and catalysts were used in this transformation, which displayed good to excellent chemo‐ and stereoselectivity for a broad array of substrates. The method was also applicable to the desymmetrization of meso 1,2‐diols to furnish products with three stereogenic centers and a terminal alkyne group in one operation.
Arylative Intramolecular Allylation of Ketones with 1,3‐Enynes Enabled by Catalytic Alkenyl‐to‐Allyl 1,4‐Rhodium(I) Migration
Authors: Partridge Benjamin M. , Callingham Michael , Lewis William , Lam Hon Wai 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAlkenyl‐to‐allyl 1,4‐rhodium(I) migration enables the generation of nucleophilic allylrhodium(I) species by remote C−H activation. This new mode of reactivity was employed in the diastereoselective reaction of arylboron reagents with substrates containing a 1,3‐enyne tethered to a ketone, to give products containing three contiguous stereocenters. The products can be obtained in high enantioselectivities using a chiral sulfur‐alkene ligand.
Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyridines through Copper‐Catalyzed Condensation of Oximes and α,β‐Unsaturated Imines
Authors: Tan Wei Wen , Ong Yew Jin , Yoshikai Naohiko 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA copper‐catalyzed condensation reaction of oxime acetates and α,β‐unsaturated ketimines to give pyridine derivatives is reported. The reaction features mild conditions, high functional‐group compatibility, and high regioselectivity with respect to unsymmetrical oxime acetates, thus allowing the preparation of a wide range of polysubstituted pyridines, many of which are not readily accessible by conventional condensation methods.