bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteogenomic Re‐Annotation of Coccidioides posadasii Strain Silveira
Authors: Mitchell Natalie M. , Sherrard Andrew L. , Dasari Surendra , Magee D. Mitchell , Grys Thomas E. , Lake Douglas F. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe aims of this study are to provide protein‐based evidence upon which to reannotate the genome of Coccidiodes posadasii, one of two closely related species of Coccidioides, a dimorphic fungal pathogen that causes coccidioidomycosis, also called Valley fever. Proteins present in lysates and filtrates of in vitro grown mycelia and parasitic phase spherules from C. posadasii strain Silveira are analyzed using a GeLC‐MS/MS method. Acquired spectra are processed with a proteogenomics workflow comprising a Silveira proteome database, a six‐frame translation of the Silveira genome and an ab initio gene prediction tool prior to validation against published ESTs. This study provides evidence for 837 genes expressed at the protein level, of which 169 proteins (20.2%) are putative proteins and 103 (12.3%) are not annotated in the Silveira genome. Additionally, 275 novel peptides are derived from intragenic regions of the genome and 13 from intergenic regions, resulting in 172 gene refinements. Additionally, we are the first group to report translationally active retrotransposon elements in a Coccidioides spp. Our study reveals that the currently annotated genome of C. posadasii str. Silveira needs refinement, which is likely to be the case for many nonmodel organisms.
Novel findings in relation to multiple anti‐atherosclerotic effects of XueZhiKang in humans
Authors: Xu Rui‐Xia , Zhang Yan , Guo Yuan‐Lin , Ma Chun‐Yan , Yao Yu‐Hong , Li Sha , Li Xiao‐Lin , Qing Ping , Gao Ying , Wu Na‐Qiong , Zhu Cheng‐Gang , Liu Geng , Dong Qian , Sun Jing , Li Jian‐Jun 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have clearly demonstrated that XueZhiKang (XZK), an extract of cholestin, can decrease low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) and cardiovascular events. However, the mechanism of the effects of XZK on atherosclerosis (AS) in humans has been reported less frequently. In the present study, we investigated the impact of XZK on lipoprotein subfractions, oxidized LDL (oxLDL), and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6).MethodsFrom October 2015 to July 2016, 40 subjects were enrolled in this study. Of them, 20 subjects with dyslipidemia received XZK 1200 mg/day for 8 weeks (XZK group); 20 additional healthy subjects who did not receive therapy acted as controls. The plasma lipoprotein subfractions, oxLDL, and IL‐6 were examined at baseline and again at 8 weeks.ResultsData showed that XZK could significantly decrease not only plasma LDL‐C levels (87.26 ± 24.45 vs. 123.34 ± 23.99, P < 0.001), total cholesterol (4.14 ± 0.87 vs. 5.08 ± 1.03, P < 0.001), triglycerides (0.95 ± 0.38 vs. 1.55 ± 0.61, P < 0.05), and apolipoprotein B (1.70 ± 0.35 vs. 1.81 ± 0.72, P < 0.05), but also oxLDL (36.36 ± 5.31 vs. 49.20 ± 15.01, P < 0.05) and IL‐6 (8.50 ± 7.40 vs. 10.40 ± 9.49, P < 0.05). At the same time, XZK reduced the concentration of small LDL‐C (1.78 ± 2.17 vs. 6.33 ± 7.78, P < 0.05) and the percentage of the small LDL subfraction (1.09 ± 1.12 vs. 3.07 ± 3.09, P < 0.05).ConclusionsTreatment with 1200 mg/day XZK for 8 weeks significantly decreased the atherogenic small LDL subfraction and reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, in addition to affecting the lipid profile, suggesting multiple beneficial effects in coronary artery disease.
Factors Affecting Mortality and Hospital Admissions after Hip Surgery among Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture in Hong Kong – Review of a Three-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Wang Apple Qiao-Ling , Ng Bobby Hin-Po , Cheung Lydia Po-Chee , Chin Raymond Ping-Hong 
Published: November 2017

Objective Hip fracture is associated with excess mortalities and high rate of hospital re-admission after discharge from the indexed episode. To improve related post-discharge care, we aimed to find out characteristics that were associated with related higher rates of mortality and hospital re-admission. Methods This was a historical cohort study with following up of 273 patients recruited in a local rehabilitation hospital for 3 years. The outcome of interest was cumulative mortalities and hospital re-admissions in the 1st 3 years after their discharge from the rehabilitation hospital. These outcomes were collected in the hospital data warehouse — the Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS). Eighteen predictors, as proposed by similar studies and our own review, were retrieved from our standard clinical forms as well as from the CDARS. Binary logistic regression was used to test their association with the outcomes and to generate the respective odd ratios. Results The cumulative overall mortality rates at 0.5-, 1-, 2- and 3- year after hip fracture were 7.2%, 14.0%, 24.6% and 33.4% respectively, while the cumulative “1st ever hospital read-mission” at 0.5-, 1, 2- and 3- years after hip fracture were 29.4%, 41.6%, 59.4% and 71.7% respectively. The most significant predictors i) for mortality at 3- year were: “Being male” (OR 5.33), “Delayed surgery >48 hours” (OR 2.65), “pre-operation albumin level <3.5 g/dl” (OR 2.66), and, ii) for “1st ever hospital readmission” at 0.5-year was “Being Assisted walker or non-walker (after rehabilitation)” (OR 3.83). Conclusions Characteristics that define the groups of patients with hip fractures with higher mortality and rate of hospital re-admission were identified. This could help healthcare professionals to focus on target patient groups for closer monitoring and more intensive post-discharge care.
A framework for negative knowledge to support hybrid geometric modeling education for product engineering
Authors: Otto Harald E. , Mandorli Ferruccio 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDue to the full integration of CAD systems into modern product development and engineering, the competency to create usable geometric models has become an essential requirement for current CAD users. To avoid serious repercussions for future engineering labor, the focus of CAD education needs to be raised from the teaching of knowledge that is merely aimed at operating a system, to the development of basic strategic knowledge. From a pedagogical point of view, this situation represents a challenging task that requires new, innovative teaching methodologies. These new methodologies must facilitate the development of know-how and cognitive ability to organize domain knowledge within a holistic mental model allowing for accurate perception of the significance of circumstances and the possible consequences of actions. In this paper a new direction for CAD education is presented, based on the integration of traditional teaching methods with an educational approach based on negative knowledge. Analysis of first empirical results of this newly developed and implemented approach showed promising results. Improvements were observed in a better understanding of issues related to the usability of CAD models and an increased capability to recognize critical modeling situations and thus prevent the mistakes typically made by novices. Also, successful autonomous attempts could be observed of recovery from situations caused either by an accumulation of small mistakes or by severe modeling errors, which usually require remedial intervention by academic supervisors.Highlights Introduction of a novel framework for supporting competency development within the field of higher education for hybrid geometric modeling. Integration of traditional teaching methods with an educational approach based on negative knowledge. Currently observed improvements of learning outcomes include a better understanding of issues related to the usability of CAD models. Increased capability to recognize critical modeling situations and thus prevent the mistakes typically made by novices.
Attendance at Prescribed Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy in a Diverse, Urban Urogynecology Population
Authors: Shannon Megan B. , Genereux Madeleine , Brincat Cynthia , Adams William , Brubaker Linda , Mueller Elizabeth R. , Fitzgerald Colleen M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundPelvic floor physical therapy (PFPT) is a common and effective treatment for several pelvic floor disorders, but there is limited knowledge about adherence to the therapy or what factors influence attendance.ObjectiveTo determine rates of PFPT attendance (initiation and completion) as well as correlates of PFPT attendance.DesignRetrospective cohort analysis.SettingUrban outpatient clinics at a tertiary medical center treating women with pelvic floor disorders.ParticipantsPatients prescribed PFPT during the time period January 1, 2014, through January 1, 2015.Main Outcome MeasurementsNumber of PFPT visits recommended and attended; diagnoses associated with PFPT referral.ResultsTwo‐thirds of participants (66%; 118/180) initiated PFPT but less than one‐third (29%; 52/180) completed the full treatment course. On univariate analysis, age, body mass index, diagnosis requiring PFPT treatment, marital or employment status, insurance type, number of comorbidities, incontinence status on examination, and stage of prolapse did not differ between PFPT initiators and noninitiators. Those who self‐identified as Hispanic were less likely to initiate PFPT when compared with non‐Hispanic patients, although this only trended toward significance (odds ratio 0.40, 95% confidence interval 0.14‐1.09; exact P = .078).ConclusionsTwo‐thirds (66%) of patients initiated PFPT but less than one‐third (29%) completed the treatment course. There appears to be an opportunity to augment PFPT attendance, as well as explore racial disparities in attendance.Level of EvidenceII
Higher harmonic wave loads on a vertical cylinder in finite water depth
Authors: Kristiansen T. , Faltinsen O. M. 
Published: November 2017

The theory of Faltinsen et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 289, 1995, pp. 179–198; FNV) for calculation of higher-order wave loads in deep water on a vertical free-surface-piercing circular bottom-mounted non-moving cylinder, based on potential flow of an incompressible fluid, is generalized to finite water depth. Systematic regular wave experiments are carried out, and the harmonics of the horizontal wave loads are compared with the generalized FNV theory. The horizontal force and mudline overturning moment are studied. The main focus is on the third harmonic of the loads, although all harmonics from one to five are considered. The theoretically predicted third harmonic loads are shown to agree well with the experiments for small to medium wave steepnesses, up to a rather distinct limiting wave steepness. Above this limit, the theory overpredicts, and the discrepancy in general increases monotonically with increasing wave steepness. The local Keulegan–Carpenter ($KC$) number along the axis of the cylinder indicates that flow separation will occur for the wave conditions where there are discrepancies. The assumption of $KC$-dependent added mass coefficients and the addition of a drag term in the FNV model, as is done in Morison’s equation, do not explain the discrepancies. A distinct run-up at the rear of the cylinder is observed in the experiments. A 2D Navier–Stokes simulation is carried out, and the resulting pressure, due to flow separation, is shown to qualitatively explain the local rear run-up.
Congenital Rubella Syndrome Screening for Newborn in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Triono Agung , Candrawati Oktania , Sudarman Kartono , Intansari Umi , Haksari Ekawaty , Soenarto Srisupar , Herini Elisabeth 
Published: November 2017

Background Rubella infection in pregnancy can cause congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), and one common defect of CRS is hearing loss. However, hearing screening is not routinely performed in Indonesia. While the number of reported cases of CRS in Indonesia is increasing, it is still difficult to identify all CRS cases. This study aims to identify CRS cases through a newborn hearing screening.
Materials and Methods This descriptive study was conducted at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The subjects were recruited from September 1, 2013 to November 19, 2013. The study period was from September 1, 2013 to January 31, 2014. Newborn subjects underwent the first otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) test. Subjects with the first OAEs test REFER results underwent the second OAEs test 2 months later. Subjects with REFER result in the second OAEs test then underwent auditory brainstem response (ABR) and detection of rubella IgM in blood serum.
Result There were 151 subjects who underwent the first OAEs test. Ninety subjects (60%) had REFER results, but only 29 subjects underwent the second OAEs test. In the second OAEs test, 9/151 (5%) subjects were REFER. There were 6/151 (3.9%) subjects who underwent ABR and all subjects had sensory neural hearing loss. Of them, one subject was positive for rubella IgM with a titer of 11.86 at 2.5 months of age. We found nine suspected CRS cases, one clinically-confirmed and one laboratory-confirmed CRS case. The incidence of laboratory-confirmed CRS was 1/151 (6.62/1,000) live births.
Conclusion Due to the low incidence we found and the cost of screening, we recommend to strengthen surveillance of CRS. All infants less than 1 year of age with suspected CRS should be checked with rubella IgM to identify CRS cases. While universal newborn hearing screening is not mandatory in Indonesia, targeted newborn hearing screening should be performed to detect children with permanent congenital hearing loss due to CRS.
Visual but not motor processes predict simple visuomotor reaction time of badminton players
Authors: Hülsdünker Thorben , Strüder Heiko K. , Mierau Andreas 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe athlete's brain exhibits significant functional adaptations that facilitate visuomotor reaction performance. However, it is currently unclear if the same neurophysiological processes that differentiate athletes from non‐athletes also determine performance within a homogeneous group of athletes. This information can provide valuable help for athletes and coaches aiming to optimize existing training regimes. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the neurophysiological correlates of visuomotor reaction performance in a group of skilled athletes. In 36 skilled badminton athletes, electroencephalography (EEG) was used to investigate pattern reversal and motion onset visual‐evoked potentials (VEPs) as well as visuomotor reaction time (VMRT) during a simple reaction task. Stimulus‐locked and response‐locked event‐related potentials (ERPs) in visual and motor regions as well as the onset of muscle activation (EMG onset) were determined. Correlation and multiple regression analyses identified the neurophysiological parameters predicting EMG onset and VMRT. For pattern reversal stimuli, the P100 latency and age best predicted EMG onset (r = 0.43; p = .003) and VMRT (r = 0.62; p = .001). In the motion onset experiment, EMG onset (r = 0.80; p < .001) and VMRT (r = 0.78; p < .001) were predicted by N2 latency and age. In both conditions, cortical potentials in motor regions were not correlated with EMG onset or VMRT. It is concluded that previously identified neurophysiological parameters differentiating athletes from non‐athletes do not necessarily determine performance within a homogeneous group of athletes. Specifically, the speed of visual perception/processing predicts EMG onset and VMRT in skilled badminton players while motor‐related processes, although differentiating athletes from non‐athletes, are not associated simple with visuomotor reaction performance.
Exploring the optical behaviour of a Type Iax supernova SN 2014dt
Authors: Singh Mridweeka , Misra Kuntal , Sahu D K , Dastidar Raya , Gangopadhyay Anjasha , Bose Subhash , Srivastav Shubham , Anupama G C , Chakradhari N K , Kumar Brajesh , Kumar Brijesh , Pandey S B 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We present optical photometric (up to ∼410 d since Bmax) and spectroscopic (up to ∼157 d since Bmax) observations of a Type Iax supernova (SN) 2014dt located in M61. SN 2014dt is one of the brightest and closest (D ∼ 20 Mpc) discovered Type Iax SN. It best matches the light-curve evolution of SN 2005hk and reaches a peak magnitude of MB ∼ −18.13 ± 0.04 mag with Δm15 ∼ 1.35 ± 0.06 mag. The early spectra of SN 2014dt are similar to other Type Iax SNe, whereas the nebular spectrum at 157 d is dominated by narrow emission features with less blending as compared to SNe 2008ge and 2012Z. The ejecta velocities are between 5000 and 1000 km s−1, which also confirms the low-energy budget of Type Iax SN 2014dt compared to normal Type Ia SNe. Using the peak bolometric luminosity of SN 2005hk, we estimate the 56Ni mass of ∼0.14 M⊙. The striking similarity between SN 2014dt and SN 2005hk implies that a comparable amount of 56Ni would have been synthesized in the explosion of SN 2014dt.
Unilesional Follicular Mycosis Fungoides: Report of 6 Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Magro Cynthia M. , Telang Gladys H. , Momtahen Shabnam 
Published: November 2017

Abstract:
Unilesional follicular mycosis fungoides (MF) is a rare variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma characterized by selective involvement of the hair follicles by neoplastic T lymphocytes presenting initially as a solitary lesion occupying less than 5% of the body surface; there are 22 previous reported cases. We describe 6 patients with this rare variant of MF, all males (age range 6–64 years; mean age: 28 years) presenting with a solitary lesion primarily on the face and scalp except 1 patient who presented with a truncal lesion. All the patients had the lesions for at least a few months. The lesions were associated with follicular prominence and hair loss. In each, the biopsies showed an atypical folliculotropic lymphocytic infiltrate accompanied by follicular mucinosis in certain cases. The infiltrate involved the lower isthmic part of the follicle, and in 1 case, there was an alopecia areata-like neoplastic lymphomatoid bulbitis. There was no evidence of large cell transformation nor was there a significant degree of infiltration of the interfollicular dermis or epidermis. Higher magnification disclosed marked cerebriform atypia amidst the lymphocytes. Phenotypic studies demonstrated a high CD4 to CD8 ratio in excess of 5 with a significant loss of CD7. One patient developed additional similar lesions involving the thigh and buttock after a period of at least 3–4 years of untreated unilesional MF. Unilesional follicular MF is a potentially curable form of MF with a young male predilection. Early diagnosis and treatment intervention likely define a cornerstone for ensuring the best patient outcome and preventing clinical evolution to either tumor stage MF and or multilesional MF.
Patient Factors Associated With the Decision to Transfer Adult Patients From a Pediatric Emergency Department for Definitive Care
Authors: Kornblith Aaron E. , Foster Ashley A. , Cho Christine S. , Wang Ralph C. , Jaffe David M. 
Published: November 2017

Objective
Adults presenting to pediatric emergency departments are transferred to general emergency departments in proportions between 20% and 60%. How illness severity is related to the decision to transfer is poorly understood. We compared the proportion of adults with emergent and nonemergent conditions with respect to their final disposition. We also determined characteristics associated with transfer.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of the electronic medical record and identified all patients 25 years and older presenting to a large urban freestanding pediatric emergency department from 2008 to 2013. We collected demographic and clinical information and used a preexisting algorithm to classify visits as emergent or nonemergent. We created a multivariate logistical regression model to determine independent variables associated with transfer.

Results
Among 246,694 encounters, 1182 (0.5%) patients were older than 25 years. We excluded 402 (34%) because they were not categorized. Of the 780 categorized, 32% had an emergent and 68% had a nonemergent condition. Only 22% were transferred. Compared with nonurgent patients, the proportion transferred was twice as high for emergent patients (36% vs 15%), but even for emergent patients, most (63%) were retained for definitive care and/or disposition. Emergent diagnosis, age 45 to 64 years, and higher triage acuity were independently associated with the decision to transfer.

Conclusion
Regardless of illness severity, a minority of adult patients were transferred away for definitive care. Factors independently associated with transfer were emergent condition, higher triage acuity, and older age.
Accelerating Evolutionary Hill Climbs in Parallel Turbidostats
Authors: Takahashi Christopher N. , Zaman Luis , Klavins Eric 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEvolution has been used to address many engineering problems. Within the context of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology, directed evolution has natural appli-cations. However, most research concerning optimizing microbial evolution has been focused on library generation and screening, while accelerating evolutionary hill climbs and been largely ignored. Here, we develop a model to explore how population struc-ture can accelerate evolutionary hill climbs. We show that by adjusting the population size, environmental challenge, and meta-population dynamics that the rate of evolution can be accelerated in parallel turbidostats. Our analyses leads to two surprising results: small populations are favored over conventionally large microbial populations, and propagating modest fitness improvements is favored over propagating mutants with large beneficial mutations. When combined with rational design and other optimization techniques our theory can accelerate strain development for applications such as consolidated bioprocessing, and bioremidation systems.
Participant perceptions of an individualised physical activity anti-smoking intervention
Authors: Hanlon Clare , Morris Tony , O’Sullivan Grant Anthony 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore a health program comprising the individual experiences, successes and setbacks of adults in an individually tailored, community-based smoking intervention and physical activity program. The program incorporated physical activity consultation (PAC) and phone support from the well-established Quit smoking cessation program, and in partnership with Melton City Council, Victoria, Australia.

Design/methodology/approach
Expert facilitators in PAC led the intervention. The program was titled “ActivePlus” and the intervention was conducted for eight weeks. Post-program facilitator guidance continued for three weeks and follow-up on participants was conducted at week 24. Five participants continued to week 24 and were interviewed. Three case descriptions were chosen as a sample to analyse using descriptive content analysis to illustrate the range of experiences, successes and setbacks reported by these individual participants.

Findings
Smoking reduction/cessation results varied among cases, but increases in PA were sustained. Participants valued the expert support of PAC facilitators, though usage and appraisal of Quit telephone smoking cessation services was mixed. The individually tailored PAC was valued by participants, who felt it also contributed to their smoking reduction/cessation goals.

Practical implications
In future, the intervention would benefit from the same ongoing support in smoking cessation as the PAC. Practitioners should consider the benefit of including PAC in smoking cessation interventions. However, such interventions should be individually tailored and include facilitation by a PAC and a smoking cessation expert.

Originality/value
Few studies have looked at completely individualised smoking cessation interventions using PAC. The current study also addresses the recommendations of previous research to investigate the use of more intense PA intervention supported by expert PAC facilitation.