bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Fabrication and Enhanced Photocatalytic MB Degradation of Hierarchical Porous Monoliths of MoO3 Nanoplates
Authors: Liu Yang , Feng Peizhong , Wang Zhang , Jiao Xinyang , Akhtar Farid 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPorous monoliths of MoO3 nanoplates were synthesized from ammonium molybdate (AHM) by freeze-casting and subsequent thermal treatment from 300 to 600 °C. Pure orthorhombic MoO3 phase was obtained at thermal treatment temperature of 400 °C and above. MoO3 monoliths thermally treated at 400 °C displayed bimodal pore structure, including large pore channels replicating the ice crystals and small pores from MoO3 sheets stacking. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed that the average thicknesses of MoO3 sheet were 50 and 300 nm in porous monoliths thermally treated at 400 °C. The photocatalytic performance of MoO3 was evaluated through degradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible light radiation and MoO3 synthesized at 400 °C exhibited strong adsorption performance and best photocatalytic activity for photodegradation of MB of 99.7% under visible illumination for 60 min. MoO3 photocatalyst displayed promising cyclic performance, and the decolorization efficiency of MB solution was 98.1% after four cycles.
Angiotensin II type 1/adenosine A
2A
receptor oligomers: a novel target for tardive dyskinesia
Authors: Oliveira Paulo A. de , Dalton James A. R. , López-Cano Marc , Ricarte Adrià , Morató Xavier , Matheus Filipe C. , Cunha Andréia S. , Müller Christa E. , Takahashi Reinaldo N. , Fernández-Dueñas Víctor , Giraldo Jesús , Prediger Rui D. , Ciruela Francisco 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTardive dyskinesia (TD) is a serious motor side effect that may appear after long-term treatment with neuroleptics and mostly mediated by dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs). Striatal D2R functioning may be finely regulated by either adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) or angiotensin receptor type 1 (AT1R) through putative receptor heteromers. Here, we examined whether A2AR and AT1R may oligomerize in the striatum to synergistically modulate dopaminergic transmission. First, by using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer, we demonstrated a physical AT1R-A2AR interaction in cultured cells. Interestingly, by protein-protein docking and molecular dynamics simulations, we described that a stable heterotetrameric interaction may exist between AT1R and A2AR bound to antagonists (i.e. losartan and istradefylline, respectively). Accordingly, we subsequently ascertained the existence of AT1R/A2AR heteromers in the striatum by proximity ligation in situ assay. Finally, we took advantage of a TD animal model, namely the reserpine-induced vacuous chewing movement (VCM), to evaluate a novel multimodal pharmacological TD treatment approach based on targeting the AT1R/A2AR complex. Thus, reserpinized mice were co-treated with sub-effective losartan and istradefylline doses, which prompted a synergistic reduction in VCM. Overall, our results demonstrated the existence of striatal AT1R/A2AR oligomers with potential usefulness for the therapeutic management of TD.
Microgravity induces inhibition of osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization through abrogating primary cilia
Authors: Shi Wengui , Xie Yanfang , He Jinpeng , Zhou Jian , Gao Yuhai , Wei Wenjun , Ding Nan , Ma Huiping , Xian Cory J. , Chen Keming , Wang Jufang 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIt is well documented that microgravity in space environment leads to bone loss in astronauts. These physiological changes have also been validated by human and animal studies and modeled in cell-based analogs. However, the underlying mechanisms are elusive. In the current study, we identified a novel phenomenon that primary cilia (key sensors and functioning organelles) of rat calvarial osteoblasts (ROBs) gradually shrank and disappeared almost completely after exposure to simulated microgravity generated by a random positioning machine (RPM). Along with the abrogation of primary cilia, the differentiation, maturation and mineralization of ROBs were inhibited. We also found that the disappearance of primary cilia was prevented by treating ROBs with cytochalasin D, but not with LiCl or dynein light chain Tctex-type 1 (Dynlt1) siRNA. The repression of the differentiation, maturation and mineralization of ROBs was effectively offset by cytochalasin D treatment in microgravity conditions. Blocking ciliogenesis using intraflagellar transport protein 88 (IFT88) siRNA knockdown inhibited the ability of cytochalasin D to counteract this reduction of osteogenesis. These results indicate that the abrogation of primary cilia may be responsible for the microgravity’s inhibition on osteogenesis. Reconstruction of primary cilia may become a potential strategy against bone loss induced by microgravity.
Using change trajectories to study the impacts of multi-annual habitat loss on fledgling production in an old forest specialist bird
Authors: Le Tortorec Eric , Käyhkö Niina , Hakkarainen Harri , Suorsa Petri , Huhta Esa , Helle Samuli 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe loss and subdivision of habitat into smaller and more spatially isolated units due to human actions has been shown to adversely affect species worldwide. We examined how changes in old forest cover during eight years were associated with the cumulative number of fledged offspring at the end of study period in Eurasian treecreepers (Certhia familiaris) in Central Finland. We were specifically interested in whether the initial level of old forest cover moderated this relation. We applied a flexible and powerful approach, latent growth curve modelling in a structural equation modeling (SEM) framework, to create trajectories describing changes in old forest cover through time, and studied how this change at both the territory core and landscape scales impacted fledging numbers. Our main finding was that at the territory core scale the negative impact of habitat loss on fledging numbers was lessened by the higher levels of initial forest cover, while no association was found at the landscape scale. Our study highlights a powerful, but currently under-utilised methodology among ecologists that can provide important information about biological responses to changes in the environment, providing a mechanistic way to study how land cover dynamics can affect species responses.
Bio-Inspired nacre-like nanolignocellulose-poly (vinyl alcohol)-TiO2 composite with superior mechanical and photocatalytic properties
Authors: Chen Yipeng , Wang Hanwei , Dang Baokang , Xiong Ye , Yao Qiufang , Wang Chao , Sun Qingfeng , Jin Chunde 
Published: May 2017

AbstractNacre, the gold standard for biomimicry, provides an excellent example and guideline for assembling high-performance composites. Inspired by the layered structure and extraordinary strength and toughness of natural nacre, nacre-like nanolignocellulose/poly (vinyl alcohol)/TiO2 composites possessed the similar layered structure of natural nacre were constructed through hot-pressing process. Poly (vinyl alcohol) and TiO2 nanoparticles have been used as nanofillers to improve the mechanical performance and synchronously endow the superior photocatalytic activity of the composites. This research would be provided a promising candidate for the photooxidation of volatile organic compounds also combined with outstanding mechanical property.
Hybrid inverter concept for extreme bandwidth high‐power AC source
Authors: Huber J.E. , Kolar J.W. , Pammer G. 
Published: May 2017

A hybrid inverter concept for switch‐mode power amplifiers as used, e.g. in power‐hardware‐in‐the‐loop testing is proposed. A main converter operating from the supplying DC voltage generates a multilevel output voltage by means of parallel‐interleaved operation of several bridge legs and combination of the bridge leg output voltages with coupled inductors into a multilevel waveform. A second, series‐connected inverter features a floating DC bus with only a fraction of the main converter's DC voltage, which enables a significantly higher switching frequency. The series inverter compensates the deviation of the main inverter's multilevel output voltage from the reference voltage, whereby pulse‐width modulation with sawtooth carriers is employed, and hence defines the effective switching frequency of the hybrid inverter's overall output voltage. This allows for a higher output filter cutoff frequency and ultimately features a significant increase of the full‐range system bandwidth, which improves by more than an order of magnitude for the considered 100 kVA example system compared with a conventional approach. Finally, closed‐loop circuit simulations verify the high performance of the proposed system.
Improvement of anti‐tarnishing and anti‐bacterial properties of silver by a waterborne polyurethane/silver nanocomposite coating
Authors: Kazemzadeh Seyed Mohamad , Hadavi Seyed Mohammad Mehdi , Vaezi Mohamad Reza , Esfandeh Masoud 
Published: May 2017

Silver (Ag) objects tarnish when expose to the human sweat or atmospheres polluted by sulphide. In this work, a waterborne and transparent polyurethane/Ag (WPU/Ag) nanocomposite was synthesised and applied on the surface of the Ag sample with enhanced anti‐bacterial and also protection against the tarnishing in the corrosive solutions. Ag nanoparticle in the WPU/Ag was investigated by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. To study the anti‐tarnishing behaviour of the Ag samples, the bare as well as the coated samples were immersed in corrosion solution of 0.35 wt% Na2 S which is a simulating solution of the human sweat. The corrosion products were then studied with X‐ray diffraction and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The bare Ag surface was covered completely by a black layer after 60 min immersion in the corrosion solution. However, the presence of either waterborne polyurethane (WPU) or WPU/Ag coatings was remained on the surface and protected the substrate from tarnishing. Anti‐bacterial properties of the samples were determined by disc diffusion and the minimum inhibitory concentration methods. Anti‐bacterial effect of the Ag coated by WPU/Ag was greater than the bare substrate, whereas the WPU coating lost the anti‐bacterial effect of the Ag substrate.
Guidelines for the Treatment of Head Injury in Adults
Authors: Rickels E. , Mauer U.M. , Sakowitz O.W. , Messing-Jünger M. , Engelhard K. , Schwenkreis P. , Linn J. , Schwerdtfeger K. , Firsching R. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe workshop of scientific medical faculties (Arbeitsgemeinschaft wissenschaftlicher medizinischer Fakultäten [AWMF]) of Germany has asked societies of specific medical disciplines to jointly publish guidelines on the treatment of diseases and injuries. On behalf of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie, its commission on guidelines initiated an interdisciplinary approach to publish guidelines on the treatment of head injury in adults. These guidelines were published in German by the AWMF in late 2015. Because these guidelines have received widespread attention in Germany and became fundamental for research in head injuries, we have translated the German version into English to make it accessible to the international scientific community.
Dissemination eines Schulungsprogramms bei chronischem Rückenschmerz – Kostenanalyse der Programmimplementierung
Authors: Neusser Silke. , Ivancevic Sonja , Biermann Janine , Meng Karin , Faller Hermann , Wasem Jürgen , Neumann Anja 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Arbeit ist die Ermittlung der Kosten der alternativen Implementierungsstrategien „Train-the-Trainer-Seminar“ (TTT) und „schriftlicher Leitfaden“ (LF) einer standardisierten Rückenschulung in der medizinischen Rehabilitation.
Die Implementierungsstrategien wurden in 10 Rehabilitationskliniken zufällig zugewiesen und der Zeitaufwand mittels Erhebungsbögen erfasst. Zudem wurden die Kosten für Sachmittel sowie Reisekosten berücksichtigt.
Die klinikbezogenen Gesamtkosten der Implementierung liegen beim TTT-Seminar mit 4 582 € um ein Drittel (35%) höher als die Gesamtkosten der LF-Strategie.
Die höheren Kosten der Implementierung über ein TTT-Seminar waren insbesondere auf den höheren personellen Ressourcenverbrauch durch das zeitintensive Seminar zurückzuführen. Für die LF-Gruppe zeigt sich allerdings ein wesentlich höherer Kostenanteil für die Nachbereitung der Programminhalte (23,5%).
Dietary Isoflavone-Dependent and Estradiol Replacement Effects on Body Weight in the Ovariectomized (OVX) Rat
Authors: Russell Ashley , Grimes Jamie , Cruthirds Danette , Westerfield Joanna , Wooten Lawren , Keil Margaret , Weiser Michael , Landauer Michael , Handa Robert , Wu T. , Larco Darwin 
Published: May 2017

Abstract17β-Estradiol is known to regulate energy metabolism and body weight. Ovariectomy results in body weight gain while estradiol administration results in a reversal of weight gain. Isoflavones, found in rodent chow, can mimic estrogenic effects making it crucial to understand the role of these compounds on metabolic regulation. The goal of this study is to examine the effect of dietary isoflavones on body weight regulation in the ovariectomized rat. This study will examine how dietary isoflavones can interact with estradiol treatment to affect body weight. Consistent with previous findings, animals fed an isoflavone-rich diet had decreased body weight (p<0.05), abdominal fat (p<0.05), and serum leptin levels (p<0.05) compared to animals fed an isoflavone-free diet. Estradiol replacement resulted in decreased body weight (p<0.05), abdominal fat (p<0.05), and serum leptin (p<0.05). Current literature suggests the involvement of cytokines in the inflammatory response of body weight gain. We screened a host of cytokines and chemokines that may be altered by dietary isoflavones or estradiol replacement. Serum cytokine analysis revealed significant (p<0.05) diet-dependent increases in inflammatory cytokines (keratinocyte-derived chemokine). The isoflavone-free diet in OVX rats resulted in the regulation of the following cytokines and chemokines: interleukin-10, interleukin-18, serum regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (p<0.05). Overall, these results reveal that estradiol treatment can have differential effects on energy metabolism and body weight regulation depending on the presence of isoflavones in rodent chow.
From Satirical Piece to Commercial Product: The Mid-Victorian Opera Burlesque and its Bourgeois Audience
Authors: Cormac Joanne 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTCurrent studies of burlesque position it as a subversive genre that questioned cultural and social hierarchies and spoke to diverse audiences. Central to this interpretation are burlesque's juxtapositions of high and low culture, particularly popular and operatic music. This article problematizes this view, proposing that mid-Victorian burlesques lost their satirical bite. Demonstrating little concern for the tastes or interests of the poorer or the most elite members of the audience, they specifically targeted the bourgeoisie. The article places three mid-Victorian burlesques in the wider context of the commercial development of the West End following the 1851 Great Exhibition. It proposes that this broader context, and not the genre's perceived social role, provides the key to understanding the impulses driving the musical choices. It argues that juxtapositions of ‘high’ and ‘low’ music were far from subversive; rather they were included for commercial reasons, offering variety – but variety within strict bourgeois limits.
The interaction of psychological and physiological homeostatic drives and role of general control principles in the regulation of physiological systems, exercise and the fatigue process – The Integrative Governor theory
Authors: St Clair Gibson A. , Swart J. , Tucker R. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractEither central (brain) or peripheral (body physiological system) control mechanisms, or a combination of these, have been championed in the last few decades in the field of Exercise Sciences as how physiological activity and fatigue processes are regulated. In this review, we suggest that the concept of ‘central’ or ‘peripheral’ mechanisms are both artificial constructs that have ‘straight‐jacketed’ research in the field, and rather that competition between psychological and physiological homeostatic drives is central to the regulation of both, and that governing principles, rather than distinct physical processes, underpin all physical system and exercise regulation. As part of the Integrative Governor theory we develop in this review, we suggest that both psychological and physiological drives and requirements are underpinned by homeostatic principles, and that regulation of the relative activity of each is by dynamic negative feedback activity, as the fundamental general operational controller. Because of this competitive, dynamic interplay, we propose that the activity in all systems will oscillate, that these oscillations create information, and comparison of this oscillatory information with either prior information, current activity, or activity templates create efferent responses that change the activity in the different systems in a similarly dynamic manner. Changes in a particular system are always the result of perturbations occurring outside the system itself, the behavioural causative ‘history’ of this external activity will be evident in the pattern of the oscillations, and awareness of change occurs as a result of unexpected rather than planned change in physiological activity or psychological state.
Salmon lice infestations on sea trout predicts infestations on migrating salmon post-smolts
Authors: Vollset Knut Wiik , Halttunen Elina , Finstad Bengt , Karlsen Ørjan , Bjørn Pål Arne , Dohoo Ian 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Impacts of sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis or Caligus spp.) on wild salmonids is currently one of the most important issues facing management of fish farms in salmon producing countries in the northern hemisphere. Surveillance of sea lice on wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is often hampered by the ability to catch enough migrating post-smolts. Therefore, sea lice abundance on anadromous trout (Salmo trutta) is often used to infer sea lice abundance on migrating salmon post-smolt. However, the assumption that there is a relationship between the abundance of lice on salmon and trout has never been tested. Here we use a dataset of sea lice on salmon post-smolt and sea trout that have been caught simultaneously in trawl hauls, to evaluate the correlation in abundance of sea lice between the two species using various statistical models. We demonstrate that trout generally has higher abundances of sea lice than salmon. Average lice per gram fish on sea trout (log transformed) predicted the abundance of lice on salmon best. Negative binomial models of lice counts were preferable to using trout lice counts as direct estimates of salmon lice abundance, and they had better predictive ability than logit models of high (vs. low) lice counts. Including the size of the salmon increased the predictive ability of the model, but these data are not generally available. The effect of salmon weight may have been a direct effect of body size, or an indirect effect of time spent in marine waters. Finally, we predict lower salmon lice counts on migrating salmon with our selected binomial model than with the current method of using trout lice counts as a direct estimator on salmon lice counts, and demonstrate that management advice would change considerably depending on the chosen method.
An ion beam–induced Arabidopsis mutant with marked chromosomal rearrangement
Authors: Sakamoto Ayako N , Lan Vo Thi Thuong , Fujimoto Satoru , Matsunaga Sachihiro , Tanaka Atsushi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIon beams have been used as an effective tool in mutation breeding for the creation of crops with novel characteristics. Recent analyses have revealed that ion beams induce large chromosomal alterations, in addition to small mutations comprising base changes or frameshifts. In an effort to understand the potential capability of ion beams, we analyzed an Arabidopsis mutant possessing an abnormal genetic trait. The Arabidopsis mutant uvh3-2 is hypersensitive to UVB radiation when photoreactivation is unavailable. uvh3-2 plants grow normally and produce seeds by self-pollination. SSLP and CAPS analyses of F2 plants showed abnormal recombination frequency on chromosomes 2 and 3. PCR-based analysis and sequencing revealed that one-third of chromosome 3 was translocated to chromosome 2 in uvh3-2. FISH analysis using a 180 bp centromeric repeat and 45S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) as probes showed that the 45S rDNA signal was positioned away from that of the 180 bp centromeric repeat in uvh3-2, suggesting the insertion of a large chromosome fragment into the chromosome with 45S rDNA clusters. F1 plants derived from a cross between uvh3-2 and wild-type showed reduced fertility. PCR-based analysis of F2 plants suggested that reproductive cells carrying normal chromosome 2 and uvh3-2–derived chromosome 3 are unable to survive and therefore produce zygote. These results showed that ion beams could induce marked genomic alterations, and could possibly lead to the generation of novel plant species and crop strains.
Meconium-Stained Amniotic Fluid is Associated With an Increased Risk of Post-Cesarean Surgical Site Infection [2OP]
Authors: Snyder Andrea , Rood Kara M. , Klebanoff Mark 
Published: May 2017

INTRODUCTION:
Surgical site infection (SSI) following a cesarean delivery is a common obstetrical problem with significant impact on maternal health. Several risk factors for SSI have been identified, such as chorioamnionitis and obesity. Meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) has been shown to increase the risk for peripartum infection; however, its impact on postpartum SSI is unclear. Here, we look at the correlation between MSAF and SSI post cesarean delivery.

METHODS:
We performed a secondary analysis using data from Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network (MFMU) Cesarean Registry of all women attempting labor or induction of labor with singleton pregnancies that ultimately had a cesarean section. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to control for confounders.

RESULTS:
Of the singleton pregnancies that ultimately had a cesarean delivery after a trial of labor, 5,883 had MSAF. Those with MSAF had a significantly increased incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) (11.5% vs 8.9%, P < .001). Even when controlling for confounding factors, including IUPC usage, race, smoking, diabetes, preeclampsia, PPROM, chorioamnionitis, prenatal care, labor length, rupture length, gestational age, BMI and ASA class, MSAF was still associated with SSI (OR 1.248 CI 1.118–1.393, P < .001).

CONCLUSION:
MSAF is associated with an increased risk of SSI following cesarean delivery. Further studies should be done to determine if patients with MSAF would benefit from closer monitoring of their wound postpartum to decrease the risk of severe morbidity associated with SSI.