bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights into bedload transport processes of a large regulated gravel‐bed river
Authors: Liedermann Marcel , Gmeiner Philipp , Kreisler Andrea , Tritthart Michael , Habersack Helmut 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA comprehensive monitoring programme focusing on bedload transport behaviour was conducted at a large gravel‐bed river. Innovative monitoring strategies were developed during five years of preconstruction observations accompanying a restoration project. A bedload basket sampler was used to perform 55 cross‐sectional measurements, which cover the entire water discharge spectrum from a 200‐year flood event in 2013 to a rare low flow event. The monitoring activities provide essential knowledge regarding bedload transport processes in large rivers. We have identified the initiation of motion under low flow conditions and a decrease in the rate of bedload discharge with increasing water discharge around bankfull conditions. Bedload flux strongly increases again during high flood events when the entire inundation area is flooded. No bedload hysteresis was observed. The effective discharge for bedload transport was determined to be near mean flow conditions, which is therefore at a lower flow discharge than expected. A numerical sediment transport model was able to reproduce the measured sediment transport patterns. The unique dataset enables the characterisation of bedload transport patterns in a large and regulated gravel‐bed river, evaluation of modern river engineering measures on the Danube, and, as a pilot project has recently been under construction, is able to address ongoing river bed incision, unsatisfactory ecological conditions for the adjacent national park and insufficient water depths for inland navigation. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reworking of basin fill deposits along a tributary of the upper Yellow River: Implications for changes to landscape connectivity
Authors: Nicoll Tami , Brierley Gary 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRecent emphasis on sediment connectivity in the literature highlights the need for quantitative baseline studies on the patterns and distribution of sediment stores to facilitate understanding of how sediment moves through the landscape at various temporal and spatial scales. This study evaluates the distribution and make‐up of sediment stores within the dramatically incised landscapes of the upper Yellow River, where basin fill deposits up to 1200 m in depth have been extensively reworked following incision by the Yellow River. Field and GIS analyses highlight the discontinuous distribution of sediment stores in Garang catchment, a 236 km2 tributary of the upper Yellow River. Volumetric estimates of sediment storage were obtained through a combination of field mapping, GPR transects, and GIS analyses. Sediment stores cover 20% of the Garang catchment, with an estimated volume of 474.0 × 106 m3, and inferred residence times from OSL and 14C dating of 103–104 years. Fans and terraces reworked from basin fill deposits, and associated cut and fill terrace features, are the dominant forms of sediment storage (~90% of total). A space‐for‐time argument is used to assess stages of basin infilling and subsequent landscape responses to incision, outlining a dramatic example of changes to sediment dynamics and connectivity relationships within the upper Yellow River. Sediments within the upper catchment lie above the regional basin fill level, offering a glimpse of pre‐incisional conditions. This contrasts markedly with the enduring influence of basin incisional history seen within the middle catchment, and the contemporary landscapes of the lower catchment where nearly all available sediment has been excavated from the basin and the landscape effectively operates under post‐incisional conditions. The need to contextualise catchment‐scale studies in terms of landscape history is emphasised. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of salinity on CO2containment security in highly heterogeneous reservoirs
Authors: Al‐Khdheeawi Emad A. , Vialle Stephanie , Barifcani Ahmed , Sarmadivaleh Mohammad , Zhang Yihuai , Iglauer Stefan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIt is well established that brine salinity can vary substantially in prospective CO2geo‐storage reservoirs. However, the impact of salinity on containment security has received only little attention. We thus used a compositional reservoir simulation to evaluate the effect of salinity on CO2plume migration and CO2trapping capacities in a 3D heterogeneous reservoir. The used heterogeneous reservoir consists of two formations: the bottom part of the reservoir is a fluvial reservoir, and the top part represents a near‐shore environment. Our results clearly indicate that salinity has a significant influence on CO2migration and the relative amount of mobile, residual, and dissolved CO2. Lower salinity decreases CO2mobility and migration distance, and enhances residual and solubility trapping significantly. We thus conclude that brine salinity is an important impact factor in the context of CO2geo‐storage, and that less saline reservoirs are preferable CO2sinks due to increased storage capacity and containment security. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dual‐echo ASL contributes to decrypting the link between functional connectivity and cerebral blow flow
Authors: Storti Silvia F. , Boscolo Galazzo Ilaria , Montemezzi Stefania , Menegaz Gloria , Pizzini Francesca B. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractArterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI with a dual‐echo readout module (DE‐ASL) enables noninvasive simultaneous acquisition of cerebral blood flow (CBF)‐weighted images and blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast. Up to date, resting‐state functional connectivity (FC) studies based on CBF fluctuations have been very limited, while the BOLD is still the method most frequently used. The purposes of this technical report were (i) to assess the potentiality of the DE‐ASL sequence for the quantification of resting‐state FC and brain organization, with respect to the conventional BOLD (cvBOLD) and (ii) to investigate the relationship between a series of complex network measures and the CBF information. Thirteen volunteers were scanned on a 3 T scanner acquiring a pseudocontinuous multislice DE‐ASL sequence, from which the concomitant BOLD (ccBOLD) simultaneously to the ASL can be extracted. In the proposed comparison, the brain FC and graph‐theoretical analysis were used for quantifying the connectivity strength between pairs of regions and for assessing the network model properties in all the sequences. The main finding was that the ccBOLD part of the DE‐ASL sequence provided highly comparable connectivity results compared to cvBOLD. As expected, because of its different nature, ASL sequence showed different patterns of brain connectivity and graph indices compared to BOLD sequences. To conclude, the resting‐state FC can be reliably detected using DE‐ASL, simultaneously to CBF quantifications, whereas a single fMRI experiment precludes the quantitative measurement of BOLD signal changes. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5831–5844, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Recognition by natural killer cells of N6‐isopentenyladenosine‐treated human glioma cell lines
Authors: Ciaglia Elena , Laezza Chiara , Abate Mario , Pisanti Simona , Ranieri Roberta , D'alessandro Alba , Picardi Paola , Gazzerro Patrizia , Bifulco Maurizio 
Published: September 2017

Cancer cell stress induced by cytotoxic agents promotes antitumor immune response. Here, we observed that N6‐isopentenyladenosine (iPA), an isoprenoid modified adenosine with a well established anticancer activity, was able to induce a significant upregulation of cell surface expression of natural killer (NK) cell activating receptor NK Group 2 member D (NKG2D) ligands on glioma cells in vitro and xenografted in vivo. Specifically suboptimal doses of iPA (0.1 and 1 µM) control the selective upregulation of UL16‐binding protein 2 on p53wt‐expressing U343MG and that of MICA/B on p53mut‐expressing U251MG cells. This event made the glioblastoma cells a potent target for NK cell‐mediated recognition through a NKG2D restricted mechanism. p53 siRNA‐mediated knock‐down and pharmacological inhibition (pifithrin‐α), profoundly prevented the iPA action in restoring the immunogenicity of U343MG cells through a mechanism that is dependent upon p53 status of malignancy. Furthermore, accordingly to the preferential recognition of senescent cells by NK cells, we found that iPA treatment was critical for glioma cells entry in premature senescence through the induction of S and G2/M phase arrest.Collectively, our results indicate that behind the well established cytotoxic and antiangiogenic effects, iPA can also display an immune‐mediated antitumor activity. The indirect engagement of the innate immune system and its additional activity in primary derived patient's glioma cell model (GBM17 and GBM37), fully increase its translational relevance and led to the exploitation of the isoprenoid pathway for a valid therapeutic intervention in antiglioma research.
Repeated cervical length measurements for the verification of short cervical length
Authors: Hermans Frederik J.R. , Koullali Bouchra , van Os Melanie A. , van der Ven Jeanine E.M. , Kazemier Brenda M. , Woiski Mallory D. , Willekes Christine , Kuiper Petra N. , Roumen Frans J.M.E. , de Groot Christianne M. , de Miranda Esteriek , Verhoeven Corine , Haak Monique C. , Pajkrt Eva , Schuit Ewoud , Mol Ben Willem J. ,   the Triple P group
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo determine if the verification of short cervical length with a repeated measurement improved the identification of patients with short cervical length at increased risk of preterm delivery.MethodsThe present secondary analysis analyzed prospective cohort study data from patients with singleton pregnancies without a history of preterm delivery who presented for obstetric care in the Netherlands and delivered between November 18, 2009, and January 1, 2013. Cervical length was measured during standard anomaly scan and a second measurement was performed if the cervical length was 30 mm of shorter. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards modeling were used to evaluate associations between cervical length measurements and spontaneous preterm delivery before 37 weeks of pregnancy.ResultsCervical length measurements from 12 358 patients were included; 221 (1.8%) had an initial cervical length measurement of 30 mm or shorter. A second cervical length measurement was performed for 167 (75.6%) patients; no differences were identified in the odds of spontaneous preterm delivery when evaluated using the first, second, or a mean of both measurements, regardless of whether cervical length was analyzed as a continuous or dichotomous variable.ConclusionAmong patients with singleton pregnancies, verification of short cervical length did not improve the identification of short cervical length.
Voltage and wear debris from Ti‐6Al‐4V interact to affect cell viability during in‐vitro fretting corrosion
Authors: Hui Tiantian , Kubacki Gregory W. , Gilbert Jeremy L. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractFretting corrosion (or mechanically assisted corrosion, MAC) is a major corrosion mechanism in modular orthopedic implants. There is a complex interplay between fretting corrosion and the surrounding biological environment that includes particle generation and electrochemical potential excursions and currents. The goal of this work is to directly investigate the effects of fretting on cellsin vitro. Using anin vitrofretting device, MC3T3 preosteoblasts were cultured onto Ti‐6Al‐4V disks adjacent to the fretting site. Under fretting corrosion conditions, cell viability dramatically decreased to 0.5% with the voltage drop reaching −1 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). Under the same fretting corrosion conditions, but potentiostatically holding the Ti‐6Al‐4V sample surface potential to −300 mV or −50 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl), the cell viability increases to 70% and 38%, respectively. The results indicate that both cathodic potential excursions and wear debris play significant roles in affecting cell viability. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 160–167, 2018.
Biocompatibility assessment of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in mice fetoplacental unit
Authors: Naserzadeh Parvaneh , Ghanbary Fatemeh , Ashtari Parviz , Seydi Enayatollah , Ashtari Khadijeh , Akbari Mohsen 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAs the applications of titanium dioxide nanomaterials (nTiO2) are growing with an ever‐increasing speed, the hazardous risks of this material have become a major concern. Several recent studies have reported that nTiO2 can cross the placental barrier in pregnant mice and cause neurotoxicity in their offspring. However, the influence of these nanoparticles on the fetoplacental unit during the pregnancy is yet to be studied. The present study reports on the effects of nTiO2 on the anatomical structure of fetal brain and liver in a pregnant mice model. Moreover, changes in the size and weight of the fetus and placenta are investigated as markers of fetal growth. Lastly, the toxicity of nTiO2 in primary brain and liver is quantified. Animals treated with nTiO2 showed a disrupted anatomical structure of the fetal brain and liver. Furthermore, the fetus and placental unit in the mice treated with these nanoparticles were smaller compared to untreated controls. Toxicity analyses revealed that nTiO2 was toxic to the brain and liver cells and the mechanism of cell death was mostly necrosis. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 580–589, 2018.
The unique calcium chelation property of poly(vinyl phosphonic acid‐co‐acrylic acid) and effects on osteogenesis in vitro
Authors: Wang Qi Guang , Wimpenny Ian , Dey Rebecca E. , Zhong Xia , Youle Peter J. , Downes Sandra , Watts David C. , Budd Peter M. , Hoyland Judith A. , Gough Julie E. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThere is a clear clinical need for a bioactive bone graft substitute. Poly(vinyl phosphonic acid‐co‐acrylic acid) (PVPA‐co‐AA) has been identified as a promising candidate for bone regeneration but there is little evidence to show its direct osteogenic effect on progenitor or mature cells. In this study mature osteoblast‐like cells (SaOS‐2) and human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM‐MSCs) were cultured with PVPA‐co‐AA polymers with different VPA:AA ratio and at different concentrations in vitro. We are the first to report the direct osteogenic effect of PVPA‐co‐AA polymer on bone cells and, more importantly, this effect was dependent on VPA:AA ratio and concentration. Under the optimized conditions, PVPA‐co‐AA polymer not only has an osteoconductive effect, enhancing SaOS‐2 cell mineralization, but also has an osteoinductive effect to promote hBM‐MSCs’ osteogenic differentiation. Notably, the same PVPA‐co‐AA polymer at different concentrations could lead to differential osteogenic effects on both SaOS‐2 and hBM‐MSCs in vitro. This study furthers knowledge of the PVPA‐co‐AA polymer in osteogenic studies, which is critical when utilizing the PVPA‐co‐AA polymer for the design of novel bioactive polymeric tissue engineering scaffolds for future clinical applications. © 2017 The Authors Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 168–179, 2018.
Intranasal insulin treatment restores cognitive deficits and insulin signaling impairment induced by repeated methamphetamine exposure
Authors: Beirami Elmira , Oryan Shahrbanoo , Seyedhosseini Tamijani Seyedeh Masoumeh , Ahmadiani Abolhassan , Dargahi Leila 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLong‐term use of methamphetamine (MA) causes a broad range of cognitive deficits. Recently, it has been reported insulin signaling and mitochondrial biogenesis are involved in cognitive processes. This study aimed to examine whether MA induces cognitive deficits concomitant with insulin signaling impairment and mitochondrial dysfunctions and also intranasal (IN) insulin treatment can reverse cognitive deficits caused by MA. Rats were repeatedly treated with increasing doses of MA (1‐10 mg/kg) twice a day for 10 days, and their cognitive functions were assessed using Y‐maze, novel object recognition and passive avoidance tasks. The expression of components involved in insulin signaling (IR/IRS2/PI3K/Akt/GSK3β) and mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC‐1α, NRF1, and TFAM) was measured in the hippocampus. Therapeutic effects of IN insulin delivery (0.5­ IU/day, for 7 days after MA discontinuation) were also investigated in MA‐treated animals. Our results showed that repeated MA exposure induced cognitive deficits, and led to insulin signaling impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction. Interestingly, IN insulin treatment reduced MA‐induced cognitive impairments possibly through activating insulin signaling, particularly PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway, and mitochondrial biogenesis. Thus, insulin and insulin signaling pathway can be considered as useful targets for the treatment of abnormalities associated with MA abuse.
Stathmin/Op18 depletion induces genomic instability and leads to premature senescence in human normal fibroblasts
Authors: Shrestha Deepmala , Kim Namil , Song Kiwon 
Published: September 2017

AbstractStathmin/oncoprotein18 regulates microtubule dynamics and participates in mitotic entry and exit. We isolated stathmin as a physically interacting partner of KIFC1, a minus‐end‐directed kinesin functioning in bipolar spindle formation and maintenance. We found that stathmin depletion leads to multipolar spindle formation in IMR‐90 normal human fibroblasts. Stathmin‐depleted IMR‐90 cells showed early mitotic delay but managed to undergo chromosome segregation by forming multiple poles or pseudo‐bipoles. Consistent with these observations, lagging chromosomes, and micronuclei were elevated in stathmin‐depleted IMR‐90 cells, demonstrating that stathmin is essential for maintaining genomic stability during mitosis in human cells. Genomic instability induced by stathmin depletion led to premature senescence without any indication of cell death in normal IMR‐90 cells. Double knock‐down of both stathmin and p53 also did not induce cell death in IMR‐90 cells, while the stathmin knock‐down triggered apoptosis in p53‐proficient human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Our results suggest that stathmin is essential in bipolar spindle formation to maintain genomic stability during mitosis, and the depletion of stathmin prevents the initiation of chromosome instability by inducing senescence in human normal fibroblasts.
Synthesis and Insecticidal Activity of Novel Thiazole Acrylonitrile Derivatives
Authors: Cao Shengwen , Liu Aiping , Liu Weidong , Liu Xingping , Ren Yeguo , Pei Hui , Huang Lu , Zheng Xi , Huang Mingzhi , Wu Daoxin 
Published: September 2017

A series of novel thiazole acrylonitrile derivatives was designed and synthesized utilizing NC‐510 as a precursor. Their structures were characterized by NMR spectrometry, MS, and elemental analysis. The results of bioassay indicated that some of these title compounds exhibited 100% mortality at 50 mg/L against Aphis fabae. In particular, the compound 11c displayed the best activity: Its LC50 value achieved 1.45 mg/L, and its insecticidal potency is comparable with that of NC‐510.
Peptide supplementation to nutrient‐adequate diets enhanced internal egg quality during storage in hens at peak production
Authors: Olukosi Oluyinka A , Xiao Weiwei , Jia Jing 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThere is paucity of information on the use of dietary peptides in laying hens and its effects on egg production and quality. In the current study, peptide from enzymatic hydrolysis of soybean protein was incorporated into laying hens' diets to investigate its effect on egg production and internal egg quality.RESULTSThere were no treatment effects on egg production (average hen day production was 96%) during the experiment. Final body weight of the hens increased quadratically (P < 0.05) in response to peptide supplementation. There were no significant effects of peptide supplementation on internal egg quality of the fresh eggs. Peptide supplementation tended to increase yolk colour (P < 0.10) in eggs collected at 4 weeks of the study and stored at room temperature for 14 days. For the eggs collected at 8 weeks of the experiment and stored at room temperature for 14 days, peptide supplementation linearly increased (P < 0.05) albumen height, Haugh unit and yolk index but linearly decreased (P < 0.01) yolk width.CONCLUSIONPeptide supplementation to laying hens at peak production, receiving diets meeting their nutrient requirement, did not improve hen production but positively helped to maintain hens' body weight and egg quality during storage. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Isoflavones from green vegetable soya beans and their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities
Authors: Wang Taoyun , Liu Yanli , Li Xiaoran , Xu Qiongming , Feng Yulin , Yang Shilin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDGreen vegetable soya beans, known as Maodou in China, are supplied as vegetable‐type fruits of the soybean plant. Previous study indicated that green vegetable soya beans exhibited antioxidative and anti‐inflammatory activities. However, the material basis and pharmacological activities of green soybean plant were not unravelled clearly. In this study, we investigated the chemical ingredients and their pharmacological activities.RESULTSInvestigation of the chemical ingredients indicated that two new isoflavones, 2′‐hydroxyerythrin A (1), and daidzein‐7‐O‐β‐d‐{6″‐[(E)‐but‐2‐enoyl]}glycoside (2), together with seven known ones – 7,4′‐dihydroxy‐6‐methoxyisoflavone (3), daidzein (4), daidzin (5), genistein (6), formononetin (7), ononin (8), and isoerythrinin A (9) – were obtained. The structures of compounds 1–9 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical analysis. We evaluated the antimicrobial efficacies and free‐radical scavenging potential of the isolated compounds (1–9). Compounds 1 and 9 exhibited the most pronounced efficacy against the tested bacterial strains with IC50 values ranging from 10.6 to 22.6 μg mL−1. The isolated compounds showed moderate radical scavenging properties with compound 6 being the most active, followed by compounds 3, 1 and 4.CONCLUSIONSThis study indicated that the isoflavones from soya beans could be considered as potential antioxidants or antimicrobials in the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
A systematic review and meta‐analysis on fetal ovarian cysts: impact of size, appearance and prenatal aspiration
Authors: Tyraskis Athanasios , Bakalis Spyros , David Anna L. , Eaton Simon , De Coppi Paolo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study is to compare outcomes of ultrasound‐guided aspiration of fetal ovarian cysts with conservative management.MethodA systematic review of MEDLINE and Web of Science included studies reporting outcomes (prenatal and postnatal torsion, spontaneous resolution and surgery) of fetuses with ovarian cysts. Subgroup analysis was performed according to cyst diameter at diagnosis and cysts ≥40 mm.ResultsNinety‐two non‐randomised studies reported on 380 cysts (324 observed and 56 aspirated in utero) in 365 fetuses. All studies were case reports or series with high heterogeneity and risk of bias. The overall spontaneous resolution rate of conservatively managed cysts was 46%, yet decreased with increasing cyst size. Risk of prenatal ovarian torsion in conservatively managed cases depended on cyst size and was particularly important in the range 30 to 59 mm (15–34%). The rate of prenatal torsion in simple cysts ≥40 mm was lower in aspirated than conservatively managed cysts (0% vs 10%, p = 0.03). Aspirated cysts had lower rates of postnatal surgery (7%) compared with conservatively managed cysts (49%, p < 0.001).ConclusionCysts 30 to 59 mm were at highest risk of torsion. Simple cysts >40 mm had lower rates of torsion when aspirated prenatally. Randomised studies and safety data are needed prior to routine prenatal ovarian cyst aspiration. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.