bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cubic Siloxanes with Both Si−H and Si−OtBu Groups for Site‐Selective Siloxane Bond Formation
Authors: Saito Shohei , Yamasue Nao , Wada Hiroaki , Shimojima Atsushi , Kuroda Kazuyuki 
Published: August 2016

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Atsushi Shimojima and Kazuyuki Kuroda at Waseda University. The image depicts the structure of cage‐type octasiloxane, the smallest “glass” cube in the universe, and its selective functionalization. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201601906.
ChemInform Abstract: LiNa5Mo9O30: Crystal Growth, Linear, and Nonlinear Optical Properties.
Authors: Zhang Weiguo , Yu Hongwei , Cantwell Jacqueline , Wu Hongping , Poeppelmeier Kenneth R. , Halasyamani P. Shiv 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPolycrystalline LiNa5Mo9O30 is prepared by firing stoichiometric amounts of Na2CO3, Li2MoO4, and MoO3 in air (Pt crucible, 1.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Urea‐Based Ionic Liquid‐Stabilized Magnetic Nanoparticles: An Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)methanes and Pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidinone Derivatives.
Authors: Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Ayazi‐Nasrabadi Roya , Baghery Saeed 
Published: August 2016

AbstractSimple solvent free procedures using the title catalyst are presented for the condensation reaction of aromatic aldehydes with 2‐methylindole and for the one‐pot three component reaction of aldehydes, barbituric acid and malononitrile to give the title products in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Generation of N‐Aminosulfonamides via a Photo‐Induced Fixation of Sulfur Dioxide into Aryl/Alkyl Halides.
Authors: Li Yuewen , Zheng Danqing , Li Zhenhua , Wu Jie 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA novel catalyst‐free aminosulfonylation through insertion of sulfur dioxide with aryl/alkyl halides enabled by photoenergy is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Tin Tetrachloride Pentahydrate‐Catalyzed Regioselective Chlorohydroxylation of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones in Water with Selectfluor as a Chlorine Source.
Authors: Liang Deqiang , Li Xiangguang , Lan Qing , Huang Wenzhong , Yuan Lin , Ma Yinhai 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAroyl groups in substrates (I) are essential for the chlorohydroxylation reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Reaction of Styrenes, Perfluoroalkyl Halide, Alcohol, and tert‐Butyl Hydroperoxide: One‐Pot Synthesis of (Z)‐β‐Alkoxyperfluoroalkenone.
Authors: Luo Qiang , Liu Chunmei , Tong Jingjing , Shao Ying , Shan Wenyu , Wang Hanghang , Zheng Hao , Cheng Jiang , Wan Xiaobing 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe chemo‐ and stereoselective title reaction proceeds under mild conditions and has a broad substrate scope.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile One‐Pot Domino Reaction for the Stereoselective Synthesis of Acryl Derivatives Promoted by Ca(OTf)2.
Authors: Yaragorla Srinivasarao , Saini Pyare Lal , Pareek Abhishek , Almansour Abdulrahman I. , Arumugam Natarajan 
Published: August 2016

AbstractFacile multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of indolyl and oxindolyl acrylates as well as bisacrylates are presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Tetrahydroindolizines Through the Catalytic Formation of Pyridinium Ylides from Diazo Compounds.
Authors: Day Jonathan , McKeever‐Abbas Ben , Dowden James 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIron(III) and copper(I) complexes catalyze multicomponent cycloaddition reactions between diazo compounds, pyridines, and electrophilic alkenes to provide alkaloid‐inspired tetrahydroindolizidines in a diastereoselective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed S—C/S—N Bond Interconversions.
Authors: Wen Jian , Cheng Hanchao , Dong Shunxi , Bolm Carsten 
Published: August 2016

AbstractUnder an atmosphere of dioxygen, copper‐catalyzed de‐alkylation/amination sequences provide sulfonimidamides from unprotected sulfoximines in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: PCl3‐Mediated Synthesis of Green/cyan Fluorescent Protein Chromophores Using Amino Acids.
Authors: Singh Thokchom Prasanta , Shunmugam Raja 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA convenient and rapid synthesis of green fluorescent protein (FP) chromophores (IV) and cyan FP chromophores (VI) starting from commercially available aromatic amino acids, acetyl chlorides, and anilines is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Guanidine Hydrochloride: A Highly Efficient Organocatalyst for the Synthesis of 12‐Aryl‐8,9,10,12‐tetrahydrobenzo[a]xanthene‐11‐ones under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Sadeghpour Mahdieh , Olyaei Abolfazl , Rezaei Mortaza 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe title xanthenes are efficiently prepared by condensation reactions of naphthols, various aromatic benzaldehydes, and dimedone under green reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Diversely Substituted Quinolines via Rhodium‐Catalyzed Alkyne Hydroacylation.
Authors: Neuhaus James D. , Morrow Sarah M. , Brunavs Michael , Willis Michael C. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe Rhodium‐catalyzed reaction of 2‐alkynyl anilines with aryl, hetaryl or alkyl aldehydes leads to 2‐aminophenyl enones which are further transformed into substituted quinolines endowed with diverse functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem One Pot and Efficient Method for the Palladium‐Reagent‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Quinazoline Thiols.
Authors: Karuna P. Satya , Murthy R. V. V. Ramana , Reddy M. R. P. , Katari Naresh Kumar , Srinivas Kummari 
Published: August 2016

AbstractQuinazoline sulfides are prepared by cross‐coupling of quinazoline thiols with alkyl and aryl bromides.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of P‐Stereogenic Chiral Oxazaphospholidines.
Authors: Wang Lanlan , Du Zhijun , Wu Qiang , Jin Rizhe , Bian Zheng , Kang Chuanqing , Guo Haiquan , Ma Xiaoye , Gao Lianxun 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe desired phosphorus heterocycles are generally available with moderate enantioselectivity in the presence of triethylamine or 2‐methylimidazole and the organocatalyst TIA.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Synthesis of Phosphonohydrazines from Arylamines.
Authors: Kent Greggory T. , Blackburn Daniel J. , Gonzalez Joseph R. , Mayer Megan L. , Wu Weiming 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPhosphonohydrazines are prepared from arylamines through diazotation with isoamyl nitrite and treatment with phosphite (II) in a one pot manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereodivergent and Protecting‐Group‐Free Synthesis of the Helicascolide Family: A Rhodium‐Catalyzed Atom‐Economical Lactonization Strategy.
Authors: Haydl Alexander M. , Berthold Dino , Spreider Pierre A. , Breit Bernhard 
Published: August 2016

AbstractStereodivergent, robust, and concise total syntheses of all three representatives of the helicascolide family are achieved.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Diastereoselective 1,6‐Conjugate Addition of Arylboronic Acids to Securinine.
Authors: Perez Marc , Ayad Tahar , Maillos Philippe , Poughon Valerie , Fahy Jacques , Ratovelomanana‐Vidal Virginie 
Published: August 2016

AbstractRhodium catalysis provides access to the single diastereomers of the regioselective C15‐arylation products of securinine in good yields.
Economic independence in survivors of cancer diagnosed at a young age: A Norwegian national cohort study
Authors: Gunnes Maria W. , Lie Rolv Terje , Bjørge Tone , Syse Astri , Ruud Ellen , Wesenberg Finn , Moster Dag 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUNDThe impact of cancer on socioeconomic outcomes is attracting attention as the number of survivors of cancer in young age continues to rise. This study examines economic independence in a national cohort of survivors of cancer at a young age in Norway.METHODSThrough the linkage of several national registries, the study cohort comprised 1,212,013 individuals born in Norway during 1965 through 1985, of which 5440 had received a cancer diagnosis before age 25 years. Follow‐up was through 2007, and the main outcomes were receipt of governmental financial assistance, employment, income, and occupation. Analytic methods included Cox proportional hazard regression, log‐binomial regression, and quantile regression models.RESULTSIndividuals in the cancer survivor group had an increased probability of receiving governmental financial assistance (men: hazard ratio [HR], 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3‐1.5; women: HR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.3‐1.6) and of not being employed (men: HR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2‐1.7; women: HR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2‐1.6) compared with those in the noncancer group. Income discrepancies were particularly pronounced for survivors of central nervous system tumors. There was no difference in representation in higher skilled occupations.CONCLUSIONSSurvivors of cancer at a young age in Norway had an increased risk of being economically dependent and unemployed. This was evident in several tumor groups and was most pronounced in female survivors. There were only small differences in income or representation in higher skilled occupations for most employed survivors compared with the noncancer group. The current results are important for understanding the impact of a cancer diagnosis at a young age on subsequent job market outcomes. Cancer 2016;122:3873–3882. © 2016 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society.
Characterization of the Filum terminale as a neural progenitor cell niche in both rats and humans
Authors: Chrenek Ryan , Magnotti Laura M. , Herrera Gabriella R. , Jha Ruchira M. , Cardozo David L. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractNeural stem cells (NSCs) reside in a unique microenvironment within the central nervous system (CNS) called the NSC niche. Although they are relatively rare, niches have been previously characterized in both the brain and spinal cord of adult animals. Recently, another potential NSC niche has been identified in the filum terminale (FT), which is a thin band of tissue at the caudal end of the spinal cord. While previous studies have demonstrated that NSCs can be isolated from the FT, the in vivo architecture of this tissue and its relation to other NSC niches in the CNS has not yet been established. In this article we report a histological analysis of the FT NSC niche in postnatal rats and humans. Immunohistochemical characterization reveals that the FT is mitotically active and its cells express similar markers to those in other CNS niches. In addition, the organization of the FT most closely resembles that of the adult spinal cord niche. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:661–675, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Structure and Torsional Dynamics of Two Methyl Groups in 2‐Acetyl‐5‐methylfuran as Observed by Microwave Spectroscopy
Authors: Van Vinh , Stahl Wolfgang , Nguyen Ha Vinh Lam 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe molecular‐beam Fourier transform microwave spectrum of 2‐acetyl‐5‐methylfuran is recorded in the frequency range 2–26.5 GHz. Quantum chemical calculations calculate two conformers with trans or cis configuration of the acetyl group, both of which are assigned in the experimental spectrum. All rotational transitions split into quintets due to the internal rotations of two nonequivalent methyl groups. By using the program XIAM, the experimental spectra can be simulated with standard deviations within the measurement accuracy, and yield well‐determined rotational and internal rotation parameters, inter alia the V3 potentials. Whereas the V3 barrier height of the ring‐methyl rotor does not change for the two conformers, that of the acetyl‐methyl rotor differs by about 100 cm−1. The predicted values from quantum chemistry are only on the correct order of magnitude.
An Azulene‐Fused Tetracene Diimide with a Small HOMO–LUMO Gap
Authors: Koide Taro , Takesue Moritaka , Murafuji Toshihiro , Satomi Koichiro , Suzuki Yasutaka , Kawamata Jun , Terai Kengo , Suzuki Mitsuharu , Yamada Hiroko , Shiota Yoshihito , Yoshizawa Kazunari , Tani Fumito 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA newly prepared tetraazulene‐fused tetracene diimide (TA‐fused TDI) showed absorption in the near‐IR region owing to the effective extension of the π‐conjugated system as well as a large two‐photon absorption cross‐section (σ(2)=2140 GM) at 950 nm. Four reversible reduction processes and n‐type semiconductivity were also confirmed as attractive electronic properties of this compound.
Is Ammonium Peroxydisulfate Indispensable for Preparation of Aniline‐Derived Iron–Nitrogen–Carbon Electrocatalysts?
Authors: Xie Nan‐Hong , Yan Xiang‐Hui , Xu Bo‐Qing 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIron and nitrogen co‐doped carbon (Fe‐N‐C) materials are among the most active non‐precious metal catalysts that could replace Pt‐based electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells and metal–air batteries. The synthesis of the Fe‐N‐C catalysts often involves the use of aniline as the precursor for both N and C and ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS) as an indispensable oxidative initiator for aniline polymerization. Herein, a detailed structure and catalytic ORR performance comparison of aniline‐derived Fe‐N‐C catalysts synthesized with and without the use of APS is reported. The APS‐free preparation, which uses FeIII ions as the Fe source as well as the aniline polymerization initiator, results in a cleaner and simpler Fe‐N‐C catalyst with a higher activity for the ORR. We show that APS is not necessary for the preparation and even detrimental to the performance of the catalyst.
Tree seedling richness, but not neighborhood composition, influences insect herbivory in a temperate deciduous forest community
Authors: Murphy Stephen J. , Xu Kaiyang , Comita Liza S. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractInsect herbivores can serve as important regulators of plant dynamics, but their impacts in temperate forest understories have received minimal attention at local scales. Here, we test several related hypotheses about the influence of plant neighborhood composition on insect leaf damage in southwestern Pennsylvania, USA. Using data on seedlings and adult trees sampled at 36 sites over an approximately 900 ha area, we tested for the effects of total plant density, rarefied species richness (i.e., resource concentration and dietary‐mixing hypotheses), conspecific density (i.e., Janzen–Connell hypothesis), and heterospecific density (i.e., herd‐immunity hypothesis), on the proportion of leaf tissue removed from 290 seedlings of 20 species. We also tested for the effects of generic‐ and familial‐level neighborhoods. Our results showed that the proportion of leaf tissue removed ranged from zero to just under 50% across individuals, but was generally quite low (<2%). Using linear mixed models, we found a significant negative relationship between insect damage and rarefied species richness, but no relationship with neighborhood density or composition. In addition, leaf damage had no significant effect on subsequent seedling growth or survival, likely due to the low levels of damage experienced by most individuals. Our results provide some support for the resource concentration hypothesis, but suggest a limited role for insect herbivores in driving local‐scale seedling dynamics in temperate forest understories.
Characteristics of Pulsed Heavy Ion Beam Generated in Bipolar Pulse Accelerator
Authors: ITO HIROAKI , KITAJIMA KAZUKI 
Published: August 2016

SUMMARYWe have developed a new type of a pulsed ion beam accelerator named “bipolar pulse accelerator” for improvement of the purity of the intense pulsed ion beam. The system utilizes a magnetically insulated accelerate on gap and was operated with the bipolar pulse. A coaxial gas puff plasma gun was used as an ion source, which was placed inside of the grounded anode. Source plasma (nitrogen) of current density of ≈30 A/cm2 and pulse duration of ≈1.0 μs was injected into the acceleration gap. When the bipolar pulse of −114 kV, 70 ns (first pulse) and 85 kV, 62 ns (second pulse) was applied to the drift tube, the ions were successfully accelerated from the grounded anode to the drift tube in the first gap by the negative pulse of the bipolar pulse. The pulsed ion beam with current density of 60 A/cm2 and pulse duration of ≈50 ns was obtained at 48 mm downstream from the anode surface. The energy spectrum of the ion beam was evaluated by a magnetic energy spectrometer. The ion energy was in reasonable good agreement with the acceleration voltage, that is, first pulse (negative pulse) voltage of the bipolar pulse.
Low‐Temperature Deposition of Reactively Sputtered SiNx Films Applicable to TSV Process
Authors: SATO MASARU , TAKEYAMA MAYUMI B. , KOBAYASHI YASUSHI , NAKATA YOSHIHIRO , NAKAMURA TOMOJI , NOYA ATSUSHI 
Published: August 2016

SUMMARYIn the through silicon via (TSV) process, which is a key technology for a three‐dimensional large‐scale integration (LSI), particularly in the “via‐last process,” SiNx films of high density are urgently needed for fabrication at low deposition temperatures. However, it is generally known that a SiNx film prepared at low temperatures shows low film density, resulting in poor insulating barrier properties. As a solution to this issue, we propose the use of the SiNx films deposited by reactive sputtering. We can obtain sputtered SiNx films at high density (2.78 to 2.99 g/cm3) in spite of deposition without substrate heating. The 20‐nm‐thick SiNx films passed an experimental check on barrier properties with respect to Cu diffusion upon annealing at 700 °C for 1 h. The films also show good step coverage for a TSV with an aspect ratio of 1.5. The SiNx films prepared by reactive sputtering are a candidate for a good insulating barrier applicable to the via‐last TSV process.
Macrophage tolerance in the gut: It is in the epigenome!
Authors: Schultze Joachim L. 
Published: August 2016

Intestinal macrophages are functionally specialized to phagocytose bacteria, including harmful and invading pathogens, without releasing pro‐inflammatory mediators. This unique functional combination guarantees an optimal defense against millions of gut bacteria while at the same time protecting the host from inflammation‐related tissue damage. IL‐10 seems to be a critical tissue factor involved in this balance and deficiencies in IL‐10 in humans and mice have been shown to deteriorate this fine balance, leading to chronic inflammation and diseases such as Crohn's disease. However, the molecular mechanisms downstream of IL‐10 are poorly understood. In this issue of European Journal of Immunology, Simon et al. [Eur. J. Immunol. 2016. 46: 1912–1925] demonstrate that the chromatin landscape in gut macrophages derived from mice lacking IL‐10 is characteristic of inflammatory macrophages, even in the absence of bacteria. The observed changes of the chromatin landscape represent an important initiating event in chronic intestinal inflammation. These observations are not only an excellent example linking a classical loss‐of‐function experiment to a molecular mechanism responsible for the induction of chronic inflammation; they also open up new avenues for targeting chromatin and remodeling enzymes in Crohn's disease.
Detection of Metal‐reducing Enzyme Complexes by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy
Authors: Rudolph Douglas , Bates David , DiChristina Thomas J. , Mizaikoff Boris , Kranz Christine 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe in‐situ detection of dissolved redox‐active metals and metalloids such as iron and manganese is attracting increasing interest for understanding the complex network of enzymatic and geochemical reactions occurring at the microbe‐mineral interface. A versatile and promising tool for the investigation of redox‐active metal distributions at a microscopic scale is scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), specifically in combination with square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). Here, we report the application of platinum/mercury (Pt/Hg) microelectrodes for the direct detection of chemical species with negative reduction potentials including Mn2+, Fe2+, O2, and sulfur species. The combination of Pt/Hg microelectrodes with SWASV‐SECM was evaluated as a potential read‐out tool in gel electrophoresis for identifying Fe(III)‐ and Mn(IV)‐reducing proteins isolated from the outer membrane of metal‐respiring bacteria (here, Shewanella oneidensis) prior to separation in native polyacrylamide gels. PMA‐SWASV‐SECM facilitated direct detection of metal reductase activity above protein complexes separated in native gel buffered at neutral pH without the aid of traditional colorimetric stains. Control experiments at inactive reductase proteins confirmed the involvement of sulfur species within this microbial respiratory redox process.
Seismic retrofit of MRF buildings using decentralized semi‐active control for multi‐target performances
Authors: Cha Young‐Jin , Agrawal Anil K. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryNumerous structures have been designed and built without taking earthquake ground motions or outdated seismic design codes into account. In order to improve the seismic performance of existing structures, many retrofit approaches based on performance‐based design have been developed. However, some of these approaches are inapplicable due to structural limitations or because they were developed with the assumption of single‐degree‐of‐freedom, which does not take higher modes into account. To overcome the limitations of these traditional methods, a multi‐performance‐based control design (MPBCD) methodology has been proposed by integrating a decentralized semi‐active control algorithm, magnetorheological dampers, and an advanced multi‐objective optimization method to provide various sets of retrofit control designs to satisfy multiple target performances under multiple seismic intensities without changing structural cross‐section sizes or material properties. This MPBCD method provides engineers with numerous sets of control designs (i.e., control device layouts with control design parameters) to help them select proper control designs to retrofit existing building structures and improve seismic performance. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A wind tunnel investigation of particle segregation, ripple formation and armouring within sand beds of systematically varied texture
Authors: McKenna Neuman Cheryl , Bédard ottO 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis paper reports on a wind tunnel investigation of particle segregation, ripple formation and surface armouring within sand beds of systematically varied particle size distribution, from coarsely skewed to bimodal. By design, the system was closed with no external inputs of mass from an external particle feed. Particles too coarse to travel in saltation for the given range in wind speed were dyed red in order to distinguish them in optical images from finer sand particles, which could be entrained into the unidirectional airflow. A 3D laser scanner measured the changing bed topography at regular time intervals during 18 experiments involving varied combinations of wind speed and bed texture. Image classification techniques were used to investigate the coincident self‐organization of the two populations of particles, as distinguished by their colour. As soon as saltation commenced, some of the red particles segregated into thin discontinuous patches. Particle trapping and sheltering on these rough patches was strongly favoured, causing them to grow preferentially. During the earliest stages of formation, bedform growth coincided with: (i) rapid coarsening of the surface texture; and (ii) the merging of proto‐ripple ‘crests’ to generate larger rhythmic bedforms of lower frequency. Consistent with previous work, ripple size was observed to increase under stronger winds when not exceeding the threshold for entrainment of the coarse‐mode or red particles from the crest. With declining rates of mass transport and particle segregation as the bed surface armoured, and the consequent deceleration of ripple propagation through to the end of each experiment, all surfaces eventually attained a steady‐state morphometry. At saturation, the largest ripples developed on beds having the lowest initial concentration of red particles. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.