bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors and Complications in Herpes Zoster Patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya
Authors: Nadiva Shafa Karin , Hidayati Afif Nurul , Basuki Mudjiani , Machin Abdulloh 
Published: September 2024

Highlights:

The highest distribution of HZ patients’ age and gender was between 46-55 years old and females.
The highest distribution of HZ patients’ risk factors was hypertension associated with other risk factors.
The highest distribution of HZ patients’ complications was PHN.

Abstract
Introduction: Herpes zoster (HZ) is a painful dermatomal rash caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Risk factors for HZ include age, gender, previous varicella infection, immunocompromised status, SARS-CoV-2 infection, and varicella vaccination. Complications include post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN), Ramsay Hunt syndrome, meningoencephalitis, vasculopathy, and varicella pneumonia. This study aimed to determine risk factors and complications in HZ patients and assist in improving prevention to reduce the prevalence of HZ patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Methods: This descriptive, retrospective study used secondary data from medical records of HZ patients at the Dermatology Clinic of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from 2019 to 2021. Statistical analysis was performed using the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0.
Results: Among 105 cases, HZ was more prevalent in females (61 patients, 58.1%), with the highest incidence in the 46–55 years old age group (33 patients, 31.04%). The thoracic nerve was the most commonly affected (58 patients, 55.2%). Hypertension was the most common risk factor (26 patients, 24.7%), followed by diabetes mellitus/DM (15 patients, 14.3%) and autoimmune conditions (7 patients, 6.7%). Most patients had no comorbidities (33 patients, 31.4%). PHN was the most common complication (19 patients, 18.1%), while 78 patients (74.3%) experienced no complications.
Conclusion: HZ was more prevalent among females, with hypertension being the most significant risk factor and PHN the most common complication.
Histopathological Grading based on Tumor Margin according to BI-RADS Mammography in Breast Cancer
Authors: Ayasha Shabrinna , Mardiyana Lies , Utomo Budi , Ali Iskandar 
Published: September 2024

Highlights:

The highest distribution of breast cancer patients’ age based on the 5-year age interval was 45- 49 years old.
There was no significant difference between tumor margin and age of breast cancer patients.
There was no significant difference between tumor margin and histopathological grade.

Abstract
Introduction: Mammography is an X-ray technique used to take images of the breast. It is the primary diagnostic method for breast tumors. Breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) classification is needed to determine benign or malignant masses by accessing the mass's shape, margin, density, and other features. However, the tumor margin is the most helpful one. This study aimed to know the difference in the distribution of tumor margin types in each histopathological grading in breast cancer patients.
Methods: This was an observational analytic study with a comparative approach using secondary data from medical records of patients with breast cancer at the radio diagnostic and anatomical pathology installation of Dr. Soetomo General Acadamic Hospital, Surabaya, from January 2017 to December 2021. All statistical data were performed using the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27.
Results: Out of 235 cases, the highest distribution of breast cancer patients’ age interval was 45-49 years old (20.9%), the primary tumor margin type was spiculated (64.3%), and the highest distribution of histopathological grading was grade 3 (53.2%). There was no significant difference between tumor margin and age of breast cancer patients (p = 0.815), with spiculated tumor margin as the most common type in all age intervals. There was no significant difference (p = 0.163) in the distribution of tumor margin types in each histopathological grading, with spiculated tumor margin as the most common type in every grade.
Conclusion: There was no significant difference between tumor margin and age of breast cancer patients, and there was no significant difference between tumor margin and histopathological grading.
Effects of Clove Leaf Essential Oil (Syzygium aromaticum) in Inhibiting Biofilm Formation on Candida albicans Isolate
Authors: Rifai Achmad , Endraswari Pepy Dwi , Setiawati Yuani , Koendhori Eko Budi 
Published: September 2024

Highlights:

Candida albicans is capable of forming biofilm, which can lead to resistance to antifungal treatments.
Clove leaf essential oil contains eugenol, which can inhibit biofilm formation, making it a potential anti-biofilm agent.

Abstract
Introduction: Candida albicans has a virulence factor, like biofilm formation. Biofilm is a three-dimensional structure that plays a role in antimicrobial resistance, thus requiring antibiofilm agents to address this problem. One of them is clove leaf (S. aromaticum). S. aromaticum has active phytochemicals (eugenol, β-caryophyllene, and others) that can inhibit biofilm formation in microorganisms, including fungi. This study aimed to prove the effect and to find a concentration of clove leaf essential oil that affects the biofilm formation of C. albicans isolate.
Methods: This study used a microtiter plate with a two-fold dilution technique. The tested concentrations were 6.25%, 3.125%, and 1.5625%. The positive control was 200 µL of C. albicans biofilm suspension, and the negative control was 200 µL of tryptic soy broth (TSB) media, and all were repeated four times. The biofilm was observed using crystal violet and evaluated using optical density (O.D.). The O.D. data was analyzed statistically using the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.
Results: The O.D. of the isolate was 2.039, while the negative control was 0.349, indicating that the isolate was a strong biofilm former. The concentrations of 6.25%, 3.125%, and 1.5625% showed inhibition percentages of 8.533%, 17.214%, and 8.484%, respectively. The O.D. was found to be normally distributed but not homogeneous. The Kruskal-Wallis’s test was significant, and the Mann-Whitney test was not significant between test groups and positive control.
Conclusion: Clove leaf essential oil has inhibitory effects on C. albicans biofilm isolates. However, statistically, there was no significant difference between the test groups and the positive control.
On Mapping Local Foam Mobility in Porous Media from Computed Tomography Data
Authors: Chapiro G. , Quinelato T. O. , Pereira W. , dos Santos R. W. , Zitha P. L. J. 
Published: September 2024

SummaryRecovering apparent viscosity and foam texture fields from coreflooding experiments is challenging, even with modern computed tomography (CT) scan equipment. In this work, we present an explicit expression for efficiently calculating effective foam viscosity and propose an improved procedure for processing CT scan images to obtain accurate water saturation profiles. Using these techniques, we processed data from a CT scan of a coreflooding experiment, showing that the increase in effective foam viscosity due to foam generation occurs early during injection and before breakthrough. The fast increment in apparent viscosity is due to foam generation before breakthrough. After breakthrough, foam texture reaches its maximum, and effective foam viscosity grows logarithmically over time as the foamed gas sweeps out the water phase. The pressure drop obtained by using the effective foam viscosity showed good agreement with the experimentally obtained values before breakthrough. The workflow proposed here could be readily adapted to other foam models, provided reasonable estimates for these new quantities can be determined from experiments.
WITHDRAWN: Endometriosis related sex steroid hormones, hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis hormones and related animal modeling: A comprehensive review of published articles and endometriosis induction methods from 2010 to 2021 with scoring based approach
Authors: Salehpour Aria , Zare Afshin , Khoradmehr Arezoo , Mahdipour Mahdi , Tamadon Amin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors while they make corrections to the work. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Subcellular Systems Observe Onsager Reciprocity
Authors: Horowitz Arie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The complexity of prokaryotic and, exceedingly, of eukaryotic cells, challenges the implementation of methodologies to determine causality and quantify intracellular dynamics. Although stochastic thermodynamics can be used to effectively quantify the energetics of single proteins or complexes, there is no statistical approach to determine the macrostate of a whole cell from its subcellular microstates. Onsager reciprocity, a coupling between thermodynamic flows, could potentially be leveraged to quantify and to establish causality among subcellular systems. A prototypical thermodynamic profile of the cell is formulated as a model system to enable representation of its sub systems as force-driven thermodynamic flows. Onsager reciprocity is validated on the bacterial flagellum and ATP synthase. It is then tested on the putative coupling between the contractile ring and treadmilling of the cytoskeleton in bacterial binary fission and eukaryotic cytokinesis, with opposite outcomes. All thermodynamic flows and forces are formulated to comply with their canonical definitions.
Performance and Mechanism of Polycarboxylate Superplasticiser in Red Mud Blended Cementitious Materials
Authors: Yang Lei , Liu Zhuo , Luo Shuqiong , Wang Yaxin , Ren Jun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The utilisation of red mud by blending them into cement paste is still facing the poor workability issues due to the finer particle size and higher water absorption of the red mud, which can be solved by the addition of polycarboxylate superplasticiser (PCE) to effectively maintain the working performance. However, the specific mechanisms by which different topologies of PCEs, in terms of water-reducing (WR) and slump-retaining (SR) type PCEs, influence red mud blended cement paste require further clarification. This research investigates the effect of WR-PCE and SR-PCE on the rheological properties, mechanical properties, and microscopic morphology of red mud blended cement paste under different red mud contents. Results demonstrated that at saturated dosages of 0.5% WR-PCE and 0.75% SR-PCE, both type PCEs improved paste fluidity, reduced plastic viscosity and shear stress. Moreover, the time-dependent fluidity loss rate of the SR-PCE incorporated paste was lower to that of the WR-PCE incorporated paste at 30 and 60 minutes. With 0% and 25% red mud contents, compressive strengths at 1, 3, 7, and 28 days were higher by WR-PCE other than SR-PCE due to enhanced hydration of C2S and C3S, particularly with WR-PCE. Furthermore, hydration products in the WR-PCE incorporated paste were more uniformly distributed compared to the SR-PCE incorporated paste. However, a 50% red mud content negatively impacted paste strength, likely due to high alkalinity destabilizing the PCE. This study aims to elucidate the mechanistic relationship between PCE topology and the improved performance of red mud blended cement paste.
Effect of early postural management on gait development in preterm infants:a retrospective study
Authors: Huang Yanzhen , Zhou Wenzhi , Lei Qiaoling , Liu Yuanyuan , Yang Xia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

BackgroundIndependent walking is an important milestone in motor development and an important indicator of developmental follow-up in preterm infants. The aim of this study is to understand the effect of early postural management on gait development in preterm infants.MethodsA retrospective study was performed for the effect of early postural management on gait development in 622 preterm infants, there were 321 cases in the experimental group and 301 cases in the control group. Both groups underwent regular early exercise intervention and developmental evaluation, and the experimental group regularly visited the hospital for postural management guidance for 3 months after visiting the rehabilitation department. The sex, age, gestational age, and age of independent walking were collected in the two groups, at the same time, gait video observation and analysis results, Berg balance index and the gross motor function development quotient (DQ) score of GESELL test results in the two groups were recorded before and after 3 months.ResultsThere were no significant differences in sex, age, gestational age, and age of independent walking between the two groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the ratio of ankle, knee, hip, pelvis, torso and upper limb swing control, Berg balance index and gross motor DQ score between the two groups before postural management (P>0.05). After postural management for 3 months, the ratio of ankle, knee, hip, pelvis, trunk and upper limb swing control were higher than those in the control group without posture management, and Berg balance index and the DQ score of gross movement in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group, and all the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).ConclusionsEarly postural management promotes the control of each joint during walking, balance function and gross motor development, thereby playing a positive role in the gait development of preterm infants.
Etomidate-Induced Myoclonus in Sprague‒Dawley Rats Involves the Activation of Neocortical Calpain-2 and Its Cleavage on KCC2 Protein
Authors: Feng Yan , Wang Xing-hao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Etomidate-induces myoclonus has become an urgent clinical problem with an incidence of 50–80%. The mechanism remains uncertain.
Methods
Behavioral scores of rats in vivo and western blotting of KCC2 in vitro were evaluated. Muscular tension and KCC2 protein were analyzed in rats microinjected with a calpain-2 inhibitor (MDL-28170) or MDL-28170 + NMDA in the neocortical motor cortex during etomidate anesthesia. MDL-28170 or vitamin E was injected intravenously prior to etomidate, and the muscular tension, KCC2 protein and duration of loss of righting reflex (LORR) of rats were evaluated to verify the calpain-2 inhibitor effect of vitamin E.
Results
0.5µM and 1µM etomidate induced the cleavage of neocortical KCC2 protein compared to the control group. NMDA activated AP5 inhibited 0.5 and 1 µM etomidate-induced cleavage of neocortical KCC2 protein. MDL-28170 and NMDA plus MDL-28170 microinjected into the neocortex during etomidate anesthesia blocked not only the cleavage of KCC2 protein but also etomidate and etomidate + NMDA-induced muscular tension,. Intravenous injection of vitamin E prevented etomidate-induced muscular tension and cleavage of the KCC2 protein.
Conclusion
Calpain-2 was involved in the process of etomidate-induced myoclonus and the activity of NMDAR, promoting the cleavage of KCC2 protein. Vitamin E, a calpain-2 inhibitor that can effectively prevent etomidate-induced myoclonus.
Indigenous farmers’ knowledge and perception of desertification and soil erosion in Jigawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Gambo Abdulkadir , Fullen Michael A. , Baldwin Timothy C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Desertification and soil erosion are major agro-environmental issues in Northern Nigeria. This study assessed farmers’ knowledge and perception of these phenomena in Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria. Data for the study was obtained through a questionnaire survey of 500 farmers, using random sampling techniques, and in-depth key informant interviews. Of the 500 distributed questionnaires, 383 were completed, representing a response rate of 76.6%. Most (86.9%) respondents were male and within the age group 35–50 years of age. Most respondents (48.6%) had 11–15 years of farming experience, with 70.5% of respondents having a large family (6–11 members) and an annual family income of < N151,000 (USD 130.77). All interviewees were aware of desertification, and most (80.2%) perceived desertification as a problem on their farm. The majority (88.3%) perceived that soil erosion had increased desertification problems and identified sand dune deposition (40.2%) and decreased crop yields (20.9%) as the main indicators of soil erosion on their farms. Most respondents identified changes in soil colour as the main indicator of soil fertility depletion. The main (56.4%) identified soil colour was reddish yellow (Munsell Colour Notation 7.5YR/8/6). The major soil conservation practise employed by respondents is tree planting (52.0%) and crop rotation (26.6%). Many of the trees (62.1%) were planted as windbreaks. The main planted tree species were date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) (65.8%) and gum Arabic (Acacia senegal) (29.2%). In summary, this study provides useful information upon which local policymakers can aid and advise local farmers to control soil erosion and reduce the rate of desertification. In addition, it also adds to our knowledge and understanding of these issues in relation to similar data obtained in other states in Northern Nigeria and other countries within the Sahelian region of Africa.
Study on the Dynamic Response Characteristics of Bionic Legs During Instantaneous Ground Contact
Authors: song mengjun , wei jinggong , Zhang Liping 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Musculoskeletal system vibrations are initiated at paw-strike in animal’s high-speed running. The short ground contact moment suggests that there exists a transient dynamic response of the impact between the leg and the ground, which is a high nonlinear problem and not well understood. From the anatomical measurement data of a domestic cat, a musculoskeletal system model of the quadruped animal was constructed in this study. The changes of muscle forces and joint moments were computed based on a high-speed motion sequence. The elastic moduli were measured and calculated for different parts of the tibia by a nano-indentation technique. On the basis of the measured material parameters, the substructure technique for dynamics was employed to numerically solve the contact-impact behavior of bio-materials and bionic components. To record the contact-impact process, high-speed videos (more than 10,000 fps) were taken during the capture experiments. Results demonstrated that multiple impacts existed in the tibia and the PLA leg at the moment of contact-impact. The results from this paper further reveal that the multiple contact-impact phenomena are adapted to cats during running, which may provide a certain support for selecting bionic components and improving the performance of the bionic mechanism.
Design and experiments of 2FX-1 offset organic fertilizer machine
Authors: Liu Dejiang , ma shimin , li shude , zhang xiao , yao keheng , zhong chengyi , zhang wenxiang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In view of the problems of high labor intensity, low operation efficiency and no joint operation, a biased orchard fertilization machine with wheeled tractor as the power source and suitable for joint operation is developed. The power output shaft of the wheeled tractor is connected to the transmission box, and the power is transmitted to the opening device, the mixing device and the backfill device through the transmission box and the chain transmission. The walking wheel of the crawler tractor drives the organic fertilizer discharging fertilizer and the fertilizer distributor through the chain drive, so as to complete the joint operation of ditch fertilization, mixing and backfilling. The results of the field test show that the performance of the machine and tool is stable and the operation is good, the average value of fertilization width is 31.5cm, the stability coefficient of fertilization width is 98.8%, the average value of fertilization depth is 40.5cm, and the stability coefficient of fertilization depth is 97.9%, which meets the requirements of fertilization depth and width of the orchard.
Ophthalmologic Manifestations in Psoriasis: A Comparative Case-Control Study
Authors: Alizadeh Narges , Aref-Eshghi Arefeh , Azimi Seyyede Zeinab , Kazemnezhad-Leyli Ehsan , Alizadeh Yousef , Ruhani Parisa , Brumandpur Fariborz , Darjani Abbas , Eftekhari Hojat , Rafiei Rana , Gharainejad Kaveh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Psoriasis is an autoimmune inflammatory disease with increased risk of several comorbidities, of which eye-related complications have been recently noticed.
Aims
Given the current ambiguity and contradictory findings regarding this comorbidity, the objective of this study is to compare the prevalence of ocular manifestations in individuals with psoriasis in comparison to those without the condition.
Methods
A case-control study was performed on 116 subjects with psoriasis and 116 age- and sex-matched controls. Comparisons were made between the two groups to assess differences in the rates of various eye disorders and their associated factors using descriptive statistics and logistic regression modeling.
Results
The ophthalmic findings were 82.8% in psoriatic cases compared with 67% in controls (p = 0.002). Meibomian gland dysfunction (73.28% vs. 50.86%, p < 0.001) and blepharitis (23.28% vs 8.62%, p = 0.009) were the most differentially distributed eye diseases. Ocular manifestations were also independently associated with age, comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia), and outdoor occupations. Among psoriatic patients, those receiving systemic treatment showed higher rates of eye diseases (95.1% vs. 76.0%, p = 0.009), with most presentations were observed in patients were treated with retinoid and cyclosporine. After consideration of confounding factors, the chance of ocular disease in individuals with psoriasis was estimated to be 5.77-fold higher than in controls (p = 0.001). No association was found between psoriasis and cataract, uveitis, or corneal disease.
Conclusion
These findings highlight the importance of ophthalmological examinations in psoriatic patients for preventative care and modification of the treatment plan.
Sensory Plasticity Caused by Up-down Regulation Encodes the Information of Short-term Learning and Memory
Authors: Wu Zheng-Xing , Wang Ping-Zhou , Ge Ming-Hai , Su Pan , Wu Piao-Ping , Wang Lei , Zhu Wei , Li Rong , Liu Hui , Wu Jing-Jing , Xu Yu , Zhao Jia-Lu , Li Si-Jia , Wang Yan , Chen Li-Ming , Wu Taihong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Learning and memory are essential for animals’ well-being and surviving. The underlying mechanisms are a major task of neuroscience studies. In this study, we identified a circuit consisting ASER, RIC, RIS, and AIY, required for short-term salt chemotaxis learning (SCL) in C. elegans. ASER NaCl sensation possesses ON- and OFF-responses and is remodeled by salt conditioning. RIC integrates sensory information of NaCl stimulation and food deprivation and generates a suppression of its NaCl calcium response by salt conditioning. RIC plasticity combining with interaction between ASER and RIS generates ASER sensory plasticity that is required for learning and memory recalling. We further identify the signaling pathways between neurons in the circuit: tyramine/TYRA-2 and octopamine/OCTR-1 signaling mediate neurohumoral regulation of AIY and ASER by RIC; FLP-14/FRPR-10 and PDF-2/PDFR-1 signalings mediate the transmission of humoral regulation from ASER to RIS and the feedback from RIS to ASER, respectively. Thus, ASER sensory plasticity encodes the information of the short-term SCL, which can facilitate animal adaptation to dynamic environments.