bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Training Faculty and Resident Perceptions on Teaching High-Value, Cost-Conscious Care: A Multi-Institutional Study
Authors: King Brian C. , DiPace Jennifer , Naifeh Monique , Hammad Hoda , Gerber Linda M. , Abramson Erika 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
High-value, cost-conscious care (HVCCC) is care that promotes optimal patient outcomes while reducing unnecessary costs. Teaching to promote HVCCC is essential, yet little research has assessed the dual perspectives of residents and faculty on this topic. Our aim was to investigate pediatric resident and faculty perspectives of HVCCC training and role modeling to more effectively promote curriculum and faculty development on this subject.

METHODS:
Pediatric residents and teaching faculty in 2 academic medical centers were surveyed during the 2015–2016 academic year. Questions addressed comfort with HVCCC, current teaching practices, barriers to teaching HVCC, and desired curriculum. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data, and Fisher’s exact or χ2 tests were used to assess for associations between responses. Institutional review board approval was obtained at both participating institutions.

RESULTS:
We received responses from 51% of faculty (128 of 249) and 60% of residents (73 of 123). Most faculty and residents agreed that HVCCC training is important, but only 26% of residents (18 of 69) felt comfortable practicing HVCCC. Faculty and residents identified lack of training or knowledge (50%, 61 of 121 and 53%, 37 of 70, respectively) and lack of hospital support (73%, 88 of 121 and 69%, 47 of 68, respectively) as the largest barriers. Of residents, &gt;85% (60 of 69) reported a lack of attending physician role modeling. Most faculty (83%, 102 of 123) desired faculty development.

CONCLUSIONS:
Residents and faculty agree that HVCCC is important and that training institutions have a responsibility to address it. However, most residents were not comfortable with HVCCC. Faculty development in HVCCC as well as hospital support for access to pricing data will be key for programs to develop effective resident training in this area.
Antibiotic Use by Pediatric Residents: Identifying Opportunities and Strategies for Antimicrobial Stewardship
Authors: Shukla Prateek J. , Behnam-Terneus Maria , Cunill-De Sautu Beatriz , Perez Geovanny F. 
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVES:
To determine the antibiotic prescribing practices of pediatric residents and assess how they acquire knowledge leading to prescribing behaviors.

METHODS:
We performed a cross-sectional electronic survey of all pediatric residents at the Children’s National Medical Center and Nicklaus Children’s Hospital, assessing antibiotic prescribing patterns for common pediatric infections, use of antibiograms, and factors influencing antibiotic choice.

RESULTS:
Eighty-five surveys (45%) were returned complete and included in the analysis. Increased deviations from clinical guideline recommendations were observed for antibiotic treatments of sinusitis and community-acquired pneumonia as compared with otitis media and group A streptococcal pharyngitis. Only 57% of residents reported having used antibiograms. General pediatric inpatient attending physicians were identified as the most influential source for house staff antibiotic knowledge.

CONCLUSIONS:
Results illustrate the need for better promotion and integration of clinical guidelines with antibiograms when developing antibiotic education programs for residents in training. In addition, pediatric hospitalists should play an active role in the implementation of these programs and can provide valuable insight into the development of educational programs in conjunction with graduate medical education divisions.
Policy responses to problematic video game use: A systematic review of current measures and future possibilities
Authors: Király Orsolya , Griffiths Mark D. , King Daniel L. , Lee Hae-Kook , Lee Seung-Yup , Bányai Fanni , Zsila Ágnes , Takacs Zsofia K. , Demetrovics Zsolt 
Published: September 2017

Background and aims
Empirical research into problematic video game playing suggests that overuse might cause functional and psychological impairments for a minority of gamers. Therefore, the need for regulation in the case of video games (whether governmental or self-imposed) has arisen but has only been implemented in a few countries around the world, and predominantly in Asia. This paper provides a systematic review of current and potential policies addressing problematic gaming.

Methods
After conducting a systematic search in the areas of prevention, treatment, and policy measures relating to problematic Internet and video game use, papers were selected that targeted problematic gaming policies (N = 12; six in English and six in Korean). These papers served as the basis of this review.

Results
Policies were classified into three major groups: (i) policy measures limiting availability of video games (e.g., shutdown policy, fatigue system, and parental controls), (ii) measures aiming to reduce risk and harm (e.g., warning messages), and (iii) measures taken to provide help services for gamers. Beyond the attempt to classify the current and potential policy measures, the authors also tried to evaluate their efficiency theoretically and (if data were available) empirically.

Discussion and conclusions
Overall, it appears that although several steps have been taken to address problematic video game playing, most of these steps were not as effective as expected, or had not been evaluated empirically for efficacy. The reason for this may lie in the fact that the policies outlined only addressed or influenced specific aspects of the problem instead of using a more integrative approach.
Avaliações e pesquisas educacionais internacionais: entrevista com Andreas Schleicher
Authors: Moriconi Gabriela , Bauer Adriana 
Published: September 2017

<p>Nesta entrevista, Andreas Schleicher, Diretor de Educação e Assessor Especial em Política Educacional da Secretaria Geral da Organização para a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE), comenta sobre o papel da OCDE e, em especial, do Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), no contexto educacional internacional, sua relação com atores da comunidade educacional, bem como os impactos de sua atuação. A entrevista aborda, ainda, aspectos relativos à participação do Brasil em programas e projetos educacionais da OCDE.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave:</strong> Avaliação Internacional; Pesquisa Comparada; Pisa; OCDE.</p><p> </p><p><strong>International education assessments and surveys: interview with Andreas Schleicher</strong></p><p>In this interview, Andreas Schleicher, Director for Education and Sills, and Special Advisor on Education Policy to the Secretary-General at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), comments on the role of the OECD and, in particular, of the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), in the international education context, its relationship with actors in the educational community, as well as the impacts of its performance. The interview also addresses aspects related to Brazil’s participation in OECD educational programs and projects.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> International Assessment; Comparative Research; Pisa; OECD.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Evaluaciones e investigaciones educativas internacionales: entrevista con Andreas Schleicher</strong></p><p>En esta entrevista, Andreas Schleicher, Director de Educación y Asesor Especial en Política Educacional de la Secretaría General de la Organización para la Cooperación y Desarrollo Económico (OCDE), comenta sobre el papel de la OCDE y, en especial, del Programa Internacional de Evaluación de Estudiantes (PISA), en el contexto educativo internacional; su relación con actores de la comunidad educacional; así como los impactos de su actuación. La entrevista aborda asimismo aspectos relativos a la participación de Brasil en programas y proyectos educativos de la OCDE.</p><strong>Palabras-clave:</strong> Evaluación Internacional; Investigación Comparada; PISA; OCDE
FIELD EVALUATION OF FENITROTHION FOR POST-ATTACK CONTROL OF THE SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE1
Authors: Berisford C. W. , Brady U. E. 
Published: September 2017

One and 2% fenitrothion caused high mortality of southern pine beetles, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann within billets removed from infested trees which had been sprayed. Mortality of beetles through 72 hours post-emergence was significantly higher than mortality of those which emerged from billets from lindane-treated trees.
Although lindane is superior to fenitrothion for prevention of SPB attack, fenitrothion was more effective for remedial control.
IMPACT OF HUSK TYPE AND SPECIES OF INFESTING INSECTS ON AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION IN PREHARVEST CORN AT TIFTON, GEORGIA
Authors: McMillian W. W. , Widstrom N. W. , Wilson D. M. 
Published: September 2017

The use of plants that resist insects has been suggested as a potential means of reducing aflatoxin contamination in some crops. Dent corn, Zea mays L., germplasm possessing the characteristic of a relatively tight, complete husk cover and germplasm possessing the characteristic of a relatively loose, incomplete husk cover on the ear were evaluated for 3 years at Tifton, GA, for aflatoxin contamination.
In two of the three test years, corn ears with tight, complete husk cover sustained significantly lower mean amounts of aflatoxin than ears with loose, incomplete husk cover following artificial inoculation with Aspergillus flavus Link spores. Ears hand-infested with maize weevils, Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky), sustained significantly higher amounts of aflatoxin (329 ng·g−1) than ears infested with fall armyworms, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), (80 ng·g−1), European corn borers, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), (71 ng·g−1), or corn earworms Heliothis zea (Boddie) (60 ng·g−1). Overall, ears in the check (inoculated with A. flavus only) sustained significantly lower aflatoxin (37 ng·g−1) amounts than ears from plots supplemented with insects. Although insects were not applied in the check plots, some damage was observed on the ears.
SEASONAL ABUNDANCE OF BENEFICIAL INSECTS AND IPS SPP. ENGRAVER BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) IN FELLED LOBLOLLY AND SLASH PINES IN LOUISIANA1
Authors: Riley M. A. , Goyer R. A. 
Published: September 2017

Felled loblolly and slash pine trees were infested with Ips calligraphus (Germar) (80.2% of Ips population), I. avulsus (Eichhoff) (11.2%), and I. grandicollis (Eichhoff) (8.2%). A complex of beneficials associated with the Ips spp. broods consisted of 27 known or suspected insect predator species and 10 species of parasites. Predators comprised 98.8% and parasites 1.2% of the total beneficial insects collected. The predators Lonchaea sp. (Diptera: Lonchaeidae), Aulordum spp. (Coleoptera: Colydiidae), staphylinids and histerids (Coleoptera), and Scoloposcelis mississippensis (Drake and Harris) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) comprised 44.7, 6.8, 6.0, and 4.3%, respectively, of the total beneficial insect complex. The most abundant parasite was Roptrocerus eccoptogastri Ratzeburg, which accounted for 37.3% of all parasites but only 0.5% of the total beneficial insect complex.
Abundance of both the beneficial insect complex and their Ips hosts was highest in trees felled in May and lowest in trees felled during August, suggesting a possible densitydependent relationship between the beneficials and the Ips spp. populations. Plegaderus sp. was the only species to show consistent preference for host tree, being more abundant in slash pine than on loblolly.
GROWTH, FOOD CONSUMPTION, AND NITROGEN AND LIPID COMPOSITIONS OF THE COLORADO POTATO BEETLE, LEPTINOTARSA DECEMLINEATA, (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE), AS A FUNCTION OF THE NITROGEN SUPPLY OF ITS HOST PLANT
Authors: Zitzman Albert , May Michael L. 
Published: September 2017

Experiments were designed to investigate effects of nitrogen (N) fertilizer supplied to potato plants on growth and food utilization of larval Colorado potato beetles (CPB). Dry mass gain, dry mass consumption, and efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI = dry mass gain/dry mass consumption) were determined for the entire larval stage and nitrogen and lipid compositions for larvae just prior to pupation. Dry mass gain and N composition were measured in both laboratory and greenhouse reared larvae, dry mass consumption and ECI in laboratory reared larvae, and lipid composition in greenhouse reared larvae.
Significant linear increases with N supply were found for dry mass gain of greenhouse reared larvae, but not laboratory reared larvae, and for N composition of laboratory reared larvae, but not greenhouse reared larvae. No significant effects were demonstrable for consumption and ECI of laboratory reared larvae, or lipid composition of greenhouse reared larvae. These results suggest that N supply can affect performance of CPB larvae but that the effects vary with small differences in rearing conditions.
Susceptibility of Twelve Genotypes of Triticale to the Rice Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and the Lesser Grain Borer (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)2
Authors: Baker J. E. , Arthur F. H. , Bruckner P. L. 
Published: September 2017

Population development by the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and feeding damage caused by the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), were assessed on twelve triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) genotypes maintained at 25°C and at 11.7 or 14.2% moisture content. Among genotypes at 14.2% moisture content, total progeny production by the rice weevil ranged from 7.1 (GA82014) to 8.8 (87AB13541) weevils per female-day; mean time to adult emergence ranged from 35.5 (GA82014) to 36.9 days (87AB13541 and CT4699); and rate of emergence (a measure of the slope of the cumulative emergence curve at the average emergence day) ranged from 0.59 (87AB 13541) to 0.72 (‘Morrison’). Although there were some statistical differences among these population growth parameters on different triticale genotypes, all genotypes were at least as susceptible as the long grain brown rice (Oryza sativa L.) and soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cultivar ‘Florida 302’) controls tested concurrently. Development time of rice weevils was significantly delayed and total progeny production after 65 days was reduced about 17-fold on triticale genotypes at 11.7% moisture content.
About 3-fold more frass was produced by lesser grain borers feeding for 7 days at 25°C on triticale genotypes at 14.2% moisture content compared to that obtained on genotypes at 11.7% moisture content. Significantly more feeding and frass production by lesser grain borers occurred on triticale and wheat than occurred on rice.
Ability of Older Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) Larvae to Infest Whole Corn and Long-Term Population Growth on Whole Corn2
Authors: Throne James E. 
Published: September 2017

The rusty grain beetle is a cosmopolitan pest of stored products, and may cause grain to spoil and heat. The ability of 2-week-old rusty grain beetle larvae, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), to complete development to the adult stage on undamaged corn kernels was compared with development on damaged kernels (undamaged kernels that are slit through the germ with a razor blade) and coarsely cracked corn at 30°C and 75% RH. Both the condition of the corn and infestation level (1 or 5 larvae per cage) significantly affected the proportion of samples in which adults developed. More adults developed in samples containing damaged or coarsely cracked corn than in samples containing undamaged corn. More adults were produced in samples at the higher infestation level. The results indicate that older rusty grain beetle larvae can complete development on sound grain, but more complete development on damaged grain.
A long-term test of the ability of rusty grain beetles to infest whole corn was also conducted. Ten adults and ten 2-week-old larvae were placed on 150 g each of: 1) undamaged kernels, 2) damaged kernels, 3) kernels that were sifted to remove dockage but not otherwise selected, and 4) coarsely cracked corn. Population growth at 30°C and 75% RH was monitored over a 36-week period. Population growth on coarsely cracked corn was rapid. This treatment was terminated after 20 weeks, because the corn was deteriorating and population growth was beginning to decline. Final population levels on damaged and unselected corn kernels were high. There was little population growth on undamaged kernels. The results indicate that sound grain is relatively resistant to infestation by rusty grain beetles, even when older larvae are present. Although commercial grain is susceptible to infestation, rate of rusty grain beetle population growth is slow compared to that on damaged grain.
Thysanoptera Collected during Bloom on White and Colored Disposable Sticky Cards in Florida Citrus Groves
Authors: Childers C. C. , Nakahara S. , Beshear R. J. 
Published: September 2017

During February through April between 1990 and 1993, 86 species of thrips (Thysanoptera: Terebrantia and Tubulifera) were identified from disposable colored sticky cards in navel orange groves in Polk and Osceola counties (46 species) and Hendry and Lee counties (75 species) in central and southwestern Florida, respectively. Only 33 species were collected in both central and southwestern Florida. Of the 86 species identified, 37 are phytophagous of which 12 feed on plants of the Graminae, 17 are known predators or species belonging in genera that include predators, 28 species are fungivorous or saprophytic and the feeding habits of the remaining 4 species are unknown. Frankliniella bispinosa (Morgan) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) was the most prevalent species on sticky cards during 1990 with frequencies of 82 and 79% of slide-mounted specimens identified from the Hendry Co. sites, respectively. During 1991, F. bispinosa accounted for 91 and 96%, respectively, of the slide-mounted specimens from the Chain-O-Lakes and Raley sites in central Florida. During 1992, F. bispinosa accounted for 95% of the identified Frankliniella species from the southwest Florida site compared with 5% of F. kelliae Sakimura. During 1993, F. bispinosa accounted for 96 and 98% of the slide-mounted thrips identified from two series of experiments using different colored cards in southwest and central Florida, respectively.
During 1990 in southwest Florida, other thrips species collected from sticky cards with frequencies of 1% or more included: Arorathrips spiniceps (Hood) (3%), Microcephalothrips abdominalis (Crawford, D. L.) (1%), Adraneothrips pallidus (Watson) (1%), Gastrothrips callipus Hood (3%), Hoplandrothrips raptor (Crawford) (4%), Leptothrips cassiae Watson (1%), L. macroocellatus Watson (2%), and Neurothrips magnafemoralis (Hinds) (1%).
During 1991 in central Florida, other thrips species collected from sticky cards with frequencies of 1% or more included: A. spiniceps (2%) and M. abdominalis (1%). In 1992, thrips species collected in Hendry Co. included: A. spiniceps (2%), F. insularis (Franklin) (10%), F. kelliae Sakimura (4%), M. abdominalis (3%), and Adraneothrips pallidus (4%).
Grupos colaborativos na formação de professores: uma revisão sistemática de trabalhos brasileiros
Authors: Coelho Maria Aparecida Vilela Mendonça Pinto 
Published: September 2017

Este estudo está inserido no grupo de trabalhos da segunda fase do projeto “Mapeamento e estado da arte da pesquisa brasileira sobre o professor que ensina matemática” o qual visou mapear as pesquisas brasileiras produzidas no período de 2001 a 2012, cujo foco de estudo é o professor que ensina Matemática. O objetivo é compreender o grupo colaborativo e suas potencialidades para a formação do professor que ensina Matemática, tomando como objeto de investigação as pesquisas que têm o grupo colaborativo como foco principal de estudo. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão sistemática, que reúne as pesquisas dos estudos primários selecionados e discute os resultados encontrados, com o objetivo de elaborar uma metassíntese qualitativa. Concluiu-se que o grupo colaborativo tem potencial para promover o desenvolvimento profissional do professor, sendo uma boa alternativa para a formação continuada. Apesar dos limites, que são contornáveis, os ganhos são muitos.
Is compliance with lifestyle modifications dependent on sociodemographic factors and awareness of HF symptoms? Impact of lifestyle changes on HF patients’ wellbeing.
Authors: Krzyżanowska Marta Olga , Moryson Wacław Bernard , Prokop Edyta , Migaj Jacek , Grajek Stefan 
Published: September 2017

Aim. The aim of this study was to obtain information, whether patients with heart failure (HF) follow medical indications and if there are any sociodemographic differences between compliant and noncompliant patients and how lifestyle changes contribute to the patients’ wellbeing.Material and Methods. A survey was carried out in 198 patients hospitalized in I Clinic of Cardiology in Poznan. Patients were divided into groups: P1- no lifestyle changes, P2- 1 of 4 verified lifestyle modifications, P3- 2 or 3 verified lifestyle modifications, P4- all 4 verified lifestyle modifications.Results. People over the age of 65 mostly constitute groups of low compliance (p = 0,055). Men are more eager to change their lifestyle (91,4% in P3 and 85,7% in P4). Women belong mainly to groups with low compliance (p = 0,0001). Respondents who reported condition improvement were less likely to describe decreased sexual activity (59,6% vs 38,2%, p = 0,078), which acted as an important determinant of family relations. However, our analysis demonstrated a non-significant impact of adherence to indicated lifestyle modifications on patients’ wellbeingConclusions. Compliant patients are statistically younger and more often male. Level of education is the least important determinant of compliance. There is no significant impact of adherence to indicated lifestyle modifications on patient’s wellbeing. Compliant patients are less likely to reduce their sexual activity, which showed to be an important family relationship factor.
MHD mixed convection heat transfer over a non-linear slender elastic sheet with variable fluid properties
Authors: Prasad K. V. , Vaidya Hanumesh , Vajravelu K. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
An analysis is presented for mixed convection and heat transfer in a viscous electrically conducting fluid flow at an impermeable stretching vertical sheet with variable thickness. The nonlinear equations that describe the fluid flow, and heat transfer processes have been solved using the Keller-box method. A limited parametric study is undertaken to determine the sensitivity and changes in the flow and temperature fields with respect to variations in the buoyancy parameter, the temperature dependent viscosity and thermal conductivity parameters, the plate velocity power index, and the Prandtl number which are presented in graphical and tabulated formats. To validate the results, comparisons are made with the available results in the literature for some special cases and the results are found to be in good agreement. The effects of embedded parameters on the dimensionless velocity profiles and temperature are examined through graphs. The variation of Local Nusselt number is also analysed. One of the important findings of our study is that the velocity distribution at a point near the plate decreases as the wall thickness parameter increases and hence the thickness of the boundary layer becomes thinner when m < 1. Further, the effect of the magnetic field is to reduce the fluid velocity and to increase the temperature field.