bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BeHealthy Charities Aid Foundation Program, Russia: A Program Impact Pathways (PIP) Analysis
Authors: Mukhina Marina , Novikova Irina 
Published: November 2015

Background In 2007, the Charities Aid Foundation Branch in Russia, under the initiative of and with financial support from the Mondelēz International Foundation and Mondelēz International, launched the charitable BeHealthy Program. The program's main focus is the implementation of four interrelated activities: conducting lessons for schoolchildren on healthy nutrition, with an emphasis on breakfast; healthy cooking lessons with children; cultivating nutritional plants; and providing conditions to encourage children to engage in more physical activity. The program serves more than 13,000 children attending public schools in the Leningrad (Lomonosovskii District), Vladimir, and Novgorod regions. BeHealthy provides funding for schools and comprehensive educational materials to help schoolchildren develop habits of healthy nutrition and physical activity, as well as consulting and expert support for school staff and other key stakeholders. The program brings in experts on program implementation and training for teachers. Curriculum support also includes printed and Web-based healthy lifestyle educational materials on best practices and positive experience, as well as meetings and conferences with school representatives and local authorities. Objective One of the biggest challenges for program managers is to fully understand the complexities of the program, and why and how it is expected to induce changes in healthy lifestyle behaviors of the schoolchildren. For more comprehensive understanding, we performed a Program Impact Pathways (PIP) analysis to identify Critical Quality Control Points (CCPs) and a suite of core indicators of the program's impact on healthy lifestyles. The findings were presented at the Healthy Life-styles Program Evaluation Workshop held in Granada, Spain, 13–14 September 2013, under the auspices of the Mondelēz International Foundation. Methods First, we developed an updated logic model based on how the program was executed. We then translated the logic model into a PIP diagram, where pathways that lead from one activity to the next were defined as the program processes. The PIP diagram is a road map to help ensure that the program inputs and activities lead to expected outcomes. Based on this road map, the program identifies and tracks its CCPs. Results Ensuring implementation of program activities and evaluating pre-post knowledge and behavior of participants were identified as CCPs. Conclusions The PIP analysis was very useful for understanding realistic expectations for the potential of BeHealthy and its inputs. As a result, we now plan to evaluate the impact of the program and, on this basis, further improve the program's implementation and dissemination to other locations.
Health for Life in Primary Schools Program, United Kingdom: A Program Impact Pathways (PIP) Analysis
Authors: Passmore Sandra , Donovan Martin 
Published: November 2015

Background The Health for Life in Primary Schools Program helps schools promote healthy, active lifestyles through curriculum support related to healthy eating and cooking, growing food, physical activity, and family involvement. These interrelated strands are shown to have the greatest impact on healthy lifestyles, and the Health for Life in Primary Schools Program seeks to make these not one-off lessons, but a sustainable part of a school's culture. Each school involved with the program develops its own Action Plan in order to achieve program goals. Each school is assessed by an audit of facilities, skills, and curriculum at baseline and follow-up, and the pupils complete an on-line questionnaire at baseline and follow-up. Other impact measures are individual to the school and relate to its own Action Plan. Method Health for Life in Primary Schools sought to assess the cohesiveness and strength of the program using the Program Impact Pathways (PIP) model. The program was deconstructed to its individual parts, with each part assessed in terms of its contribution to the overall program and constraints upon its effectiveness. Results The PIP analysis helped clarify the logic and structure of the program, whether its objectives can be achieved, the Critical Quality Control Points (CCPs), and the impact measures required to demonstrate success. The core indicators identified for impact evaluation were knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of pupils around healthy eating, cooking, growing food, and physical activity. Conclusion The PIP model confirmed that the Health for Life in Primary Schools Program is well structured and is well suited to achieve its goals. The findings were presented at the Healthy Lifestyles Program Evaluation Workshop held in Granada, Spain, 13–14 September 2013, under the auspices of the Mondelēz International Foundation.
Ready-to-Use Foods for Management of Moderate Acute Malnutrition: Considerations for Scaling up Production and Use in Programs
Authors: Osendarp Saskia , Rogers Beatrice , Ryan Kelsey , Manary Mark , Akomo Peter , Bahwere Paluku , Belete Hilina , Zeilani Mamane , Islam Munirul , Dibari Filippo , de Pee Saskia 
Published: November 2015

Ready-to-use foods are one of the available strategies for the treatment of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM), but challenges remain in the use of these products in programs at scale. This paper focuses on two challenges: the need for cheaper formulations using locally available ingredients that are processed in a safe, reliable, and financially sustainable local production facility; and the effective use of these products in large-scale community-based programs. Linear programming tools can be used successfully to design local compositions that are in line with international guidelines, low in cost, and acceptable, and the efficacy of these local formulations in the treatment of MAM was recently demonstrated in Malawi. The production of local formulations for programs at scale relies on the existence of a reliable and efficient local production facility. Technical assistance may be required in the development of sustainable business models at an early stage in the process, taking into account the stringent product quality and safety criteria and the required investments. The use of ready-to-use products, as of any food supplement, in programs at scale will be affected by the practice of household sharing and diversion of these products for other uses. Additional measures can be considered to account for sharing. These products designed for the treatment and prevention of MAM are to be used in community-based programs and should therefore be used in conjunction with other interventions and designed so that they do not replace the intake of other foods and breastmilk. Remaining challenges and implications for the (operations) research agenda are discussed.
Assessing Intellectual and Affective Development before Age Three: A Perspective on Changing Practices
Authors: Meisels Samuel J. , Atkins-Burnett Sally 
Published: November 2015

Developmental assessment is an ongoing process of systematic observation and analysis, the purpose of which is to understand the child's competencies and resources and the caregiving and learning environments most likely to assist the child in making the best use of his or her developmental potential. for many years young children have been assessed with normative instruments that focus primarily on evaluating their intellectual development. Many myths surround the use of these instruments with very young children, including the following: intelligence can be defined and measured with confidence;\ intelligence test data have diagnostic relevance; early intelligence tests have predictive value; such tests are useful for assessing young children with special needs; practitioners value and use these tests in their clinical practice; and IQ tests fulfill the legal purposes and intent of public laws. Each of these statements represents a misstatement of fact, and none of them has a strong evidentiary basis. In place of the narrow classificatory function served by such tests, a variety of other approaches to assessing intellectual and affective development in the first three years of life are described. These instruments are consistent with a group of principles of responsive, developmentally oriented assessment that include recognizing the interdependence of development, understanding the importance of using multiple sources and multiple components in assessment, providing a meaningful sequence for assessment, respecting and evaluating child–caregiver relationships, basing assessments on a framework of typical development, emphasizing the organizational and functional capabilities of the child, focusing on the child's current and emerging competencies and strengths, viewing assessment as a process of collaboration and the beginning of an intervention, and understanding that assessment and intervention are two elements of a larger whole. Assessments that are defined in terms of these principles assist us in meeting our most important goal: assisting all children to achieve their potential.
Combined retrograde–antegrade arterial wiring: Peroneal artery can be a bridge to cross infrapopliteal Trans Atlantic Inter Society Consensus D lesions
Authors: Lotfi Usama , Haggag Magdy 
Published: November 2015

Background Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of complex infrapopliteal lesions might be a true and complex challenge. Success rates remain suboptimal when employing standard approaches. Thus, recanalization techniques for infrapopliteal disease remain a seat of continuous evolution. Aim of the study We report our results of Trans Atlantic Inter Society Consensus D infrapopliteal disease recanalization using combined antegrade-retrograde approach through peroneal artery branches. Patients and methods A total of 27 patients with infrapopliteal Trans Atlantic Inter Society Consensus D lesions underwent recanalization of at least one of the tibial arteries by combined retrograde–antegrade route using the peroneal artery normal anastomosis channels. Results Technical success was achieved in 22 patients who were followed for 6–24 months. Healing of ischemic ulcers or spontaneous separation of ischemic gangrenous patches in 13 patients. Minor amputation in nine patients. No major amputation in the follow-up period. Conclusion Although demanding, the technique can be reserved for selected cases with failed antegrade recanalization. This technique is valuable when a proximal occlusion is not crossable, when a dissection flap or a perforation in the proximal portion of a target vessel hinders guide-wire advancement. This technique may represent a feasible endovascular option to avoid second distal puncture exhausting the landing zone of a future distal bypass.
New minerals with a modular structure derived from hatrurite from the pyrometamorphic Hatrurim Complex. Part II. Zadovite, BaCa6[(SiO4)(PO4)](PO4)2F and aradite, BaCa6[(SiO4)(VO4)](VO4)2F,
from paralavas of the Hatrurim Basin, Negev Desert, Israel
Authors: Galuskin E. V. , Gfeller F. , Galuskina I. O. , Pakhomova A. , Armbruster T. , Vapnik Y. , Włodyka R. , Dzierżanowski P. , Murashko M. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractZadovite, BaCa6[(SiO4)(PO4)](PO4)2F (R3m, a = 7.0966(1) Å, c = 25.7284(3), V = 1122.13(3) Å3, Z = 3) and aradite, BaCa6[(SiO4)(VO4)] (VO4)2F (R3m, a = 7.1300(1), c = 26.2033(9) Å, V = 1153.63(6) Å3, Z = 3) are two new mineral species of a novel modular structure type related closely to the structure of nabimusaite, KCa12(SiO4)4(SO4)2O2F. Both minerals occur in paralavas enclosed in pyrometamorphic rocks of the Hatrurim Complex, Negev desert, Israel. Zadovite and aradite are colourless, transparent with a white streak, have a vitreous lustre and an uneven fracture. Both minerals are uniaxial (–) with refractive indices (589 nm) ω = 1.711(2), ε = 1.708(2) (zadovite) and ω = 1.784(3), ε = 1.780(3) (aradite). The zadovite structure type comprises two tetrahedral sites, which may host a broad compositional range of atoms such as Si, P, V and S. Results of electron microprobe analyses show a correlation between excess Si4+ and S6+ contents, suggesting the substitution scheme 2(P,V)5+ = Si4+ + S6+ at the tetrahedral sites. This points to the possibility of new minerals isostructural with zadovite with end-member formulae BaCa6(SiO4)2[(PO4)(SO4)]F, BaCa6(SiO4)2[(VO4)(SO4)]F, BaCa6[(SiO4)1.5(SO4)0.5](PO4)2F and BaCa6[(SiO4)1.5(SO4)0.5](VO4)2F. The Raman spectra of aradite and zadovite reflect the varying PO4 (e.g. change of band intensity at ∼1031 cm–1) and VO4 contents (e.g. change of band intensity at ∼835 cm–1). The presence of SO4 leads to an additional Raman band at ∼997 cm–1. The structure of zadovite-series minerals belonging to the nabimusaite group is characterized by a 1:1 alternation of antiperovskite-like {[FCa6](TO4)2}4+ modules and Ba(TO4)2–4 modules.
Flurlite, Zn3Mn2+Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2·9H2O, a new mineral from the Hagendorf Süd pegmatite, Bavaria, with a schoonerite-related structure
Authors: Grey I. E. , Keck E. , Mumme W. G. , Pring A. , Macrae C. M. , Gable R. W. , Price J. R. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractFlurlite, ideally Zn3Mn2+Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2·9H2O, is a new mineral from the Hagendorf-Süd pegmatite, Hagendorf, Oberpfalz, Bavaria, Germany. Flurlite occurs as ultrathin (<1 μm) translucent platelets that form characteristic twisted accordion-like aggregates. The colour varies from bright orange red to dark maroon red. Cleavage is perfect parallel to (001). The mineral occurs on mitridatite and is closely associated with plimerite. Other associated minerals are beraunite, schoonerite, parascholzite, robertsite and altered phosphophyllite. The calculated density of flurlite is 2.84 g cm–3. It is optically biaxial (–), α = 1.60(1), β= 1.65(1) and γ = 1.68(1), with weak dispersion and parallel extinction, X ≈ c, Y ≈ a, Z ≈ b. Pleochroism is weak, with colours: X = pale yellow, Y = pale orange, Z = orange brown. Electron microprobe analyses (average of seven) with FeO and Fe2O3 apportioned and H2O calculated on structural grounds, gave ZnO 25.4, MnO 5.28, MgO 0.52, FeO 7.40, Fe2O3 10.3, P2O5 27.2, H2O 23.1, total 99.2 wt.%. The empirical formula, based on 3 P a.p.f.u. is Zn2.5Mn2+0.6Fe2+0.8Mg0.1Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2·9H2O. Flurlite is monoclinic, P21/m, with the unit-cell parameters (at 100 K) of a = 6.3710(13), b = 11.020(2), c = 13.016(3) Å, β = 99.34 (3)°. The strongest lines in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern are [dobs in Å(I) (hkl)] 12.900(100)(001); 8.375(10)(011); 6.072(14)(101); 5.567(8)(012); 4.297(21)(003); 2.763(35)(040). Flurlite (R1 = 0.057 for 995 F > 4σ(F)) has a heteropolyhedral layer structure, with layers parallel to (001) and with water molecules packing between the layers. The slab-like layers contain two types of polyhedral chains running parallel to [100]: (a) chains of edge-sharing octahedra containing predominantly Zn and (b) chains in which Fe3+-centred octahedra share their apices with dimers comprising Zn-centred trigonal bipyramids sharing an edge with PO4 tetrahedra. The two types of chains are interconnected by corner-sharing along [010]. A second type of PO4 tetrahedron connects the chains to MnO2(H2O)4 octahedra along [010] to complete the structure of the (001) slabs. Flurlite has the same stoichiometry as schoonerite, but with dominant Zn rather than Fe2+ in the edge-shared chains. Schoonerite has a similar heteropolyhedral layer structure with the same layer dimensions 6.4 × 11.1 Å. The different symmetry (orthorhombic, Pmab) for schoonerite reflects a different topology of the layers.
Identification of altered protein abundances in cholesteatoma matrix via mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis
Authors: Randall Derrick R. , Park Phillip S. , Chau Justin K. 
Published: November 2015

Background Cholesteatoma are cyst-like structures lined with a matrix of differentiated squamous epithelium overlying connective tissue. Although epithelium normally exhibits self-limited growth, cholesteatoma matrix erodes mucosa and bone suggesting changes in matrix protein constituents that permit destructive behaviour. Differential proteomic studies can measure and compare the cholesteatoma proteome to normal tissues, revealing protein alterations that may propagate the destructive process. Methods Human cholesteatoma matrix, cholesteatoma-involved ossicles, and normal middle ear mucosa, post-auricular skin, and non-involved ossicles were harvested. These tissues were subjected to multiplex peptide labeling followed by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Relative protein abundances were compared and evaluated for ontologic function and putative involvement in cholesteatoma. Results Our methodology detected 10 764 peptides constituting 1662 unique proteins at 95 % confidence or greater. Twenty-nine candidate proteins were identified in soft tissue analysis, with 29 additional proteins showing altered abundances in bone samples. Ontologic functions and known relevance to cholesteatoma are discussed, with several candidates highlighted for their roles in epithelial integrity, evasion of apoptosis, and immunologic function. Conclusion This study produced an extensive cholesteatoma proteome and identified 58 proteins with altered abundances contributing to disease pathopathysiology. As well, potential biomarkers of residual disease were highlighted. Further investigation into these proteins may provide useful options for novel therapeutics or monitoring disease status.
Constituencies and Legislation: The Fight Over the McFadden Act of 1927
Authors: Rajan Raghuram G. , Ramcharan Rodney 
Published: November 2015

The McFadden Act of 1927 was one of the most hotly contested pieces of legislation in U.S. banking history, and its influence was felt over half a century later. This paper studies the congressional voting behavior surrounding the act’s passage. We find that congressmen in districts in which landholdings were concentrated and credit was costlier were significantly more likely to oppose the act. The evidence suggests that whereas the law and the overall regulatory structure can shape the financial system far into the future, they themselves are likely to be shaped by elites, even in countries with benign political institutions. This paper was accepted by Amit Seru, finance.
Comparing Securitized and Balance Sheet Loans: Size Matters
Authors: Ghent Andra , Valkanov Rossen 
Published: November 2015

We assemble a unique data set of commercial mortgages with information on loan characteristics at origination and subsequent performance. The most significant difference between securitized and balance sheet loans is the size of the loan. The loans in the highest loan size decile have a 43% chance of securitization, whereas the ones in the lowest decile have only a 1% chance. This result is consistent with diversification being a key motivation for securitization. We also find that loans that require substantial monitoring are less likely to be securitized. Finally, securitized loans get resolved less quickly after defaulting.This paper was accepted by Neng Wang, finance.
Setting Planned Leadtimes in Customer-Order-Driven Assembly Systems
Authors: Atan Zümbül , de Kok Ton , Dellaert Nico P. , van Boxel Richard , Janssen Fred 
Published: November 2015

We study an assembly system with a number of parallel multistage processes feeding a multistage final assembly process. Each stage has a stochastic throughput time. We assume that the system is controlled by planned leadtimes at each stage. From these planned leadtimes the start and due times of all stages can be derived. If a job finishes at a particular stage and has to wait before the start of the next job(s), a holding cost proportional to the waiting time is incurred. A penalty cost proportional to the lateness is incurred when the last stage of the final assembly process finishes after its due time. The objective is to determine planned leadtimes for each individual stage, such that the expected cost of a customer order is minimized. We derive the recursive equations for the tardiness and earliness at all stages and an exact expression for the expected cost. We discuss the similarity between these expressions and those for serial inventory systems. Based on this observation and a conjecture related to the generalized Newsvendor equations, we develop an iterative heuristic procedure. Comparison with a numerical optimization method confirms the accuracy of the heuristic. Finally, we discuss an application of the model to a real-life case, showing the added value of a system-wide optimization of planned leadtimes compared to current practice.
Plutarch’s Theory of Cosmological Powers in the De Iside et Osiride
Authors: Petrucci Federico Maria 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The Platonic section of the De Iside (chapters 45–64) offers a complex account of Plutarch’s theory of cosmological principles. In this paper I shall supplement conventional interpretations and set out to demonstrate that: Osiris is the whole of the “positive” and ordering powers operating within the actual (that is, post-creational) world; Typhon is not the pre-cosmic soul, but the negative and destructive powers at work within it; Isis is not mere matter or the world soul, but the world soul as the material “battlefield” for opposite powers in the world; the object of Plutarch’s analysis is not the pre-cosmic world, but the post-creational stage. Finally, I shall explain the logic of Plutarch’s account, which fits with the literary genre he develops in this text.
Design of a Compact Quad-Channel Diplexer
Authors: Xu Jin 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis paper presents a compact quad-channel diplexer by using two asymmetrical coupling shorted stub loaded stepped-impedance (SSLSIR) dual-band bandpass filters (DB-BPFs) to replace two single-band BPFs in a traditional BPF-based diplexer. Part of its impedance matching circuit is implemented by using a three-element lowpass T-network to acquire the desired phase shift. Detailed design procedures are given to guide the diplexer design. The fabricated quad-channel diplexer occupies a compact circuit area of 0.168
Bromeliaceae species from coastal restinga habitats, Brazilian states of Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo, and Bahia
Authors: Cogliatti-Carvalho Luciana , Rocha-Pessôa Thereza Christina , Nunes-Freitas André Felippe , Rocha Carlos Frederico Duarte 
Published: November 2015

Bromeliaceae is one of the most representative plant families in restinga habitats. We analyzed the species richness and composition of Bromeliaceae in 13 restinga habitats along the Brazilian coast. We found a total of 41 species distributed along the restinga habitats studied. The restinga of Praia do Sul, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, had the highest number of species (15), whereas the restinga of Abaeté, in the state of Bahia, had the lowest (4). Our data are suggestive that the Doce River may represent the limit of distribution for some bromeliad species, with some species occurring only south of that river and others occurring only to the north of it. The differences in Bromeliaceae species composition among restinga habitats probably are not only due to differences in local environmental conditions, but also due to the geographic distribution pattern of each species and to the present degree of disturbance at each restinga.