bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Hexamethonium Bis(tribromide) (HMBTB) a Recyclable and High Bromine Containing Reagent.
Authors: Paul Bappi , Bhuyan Bishal , Purkayastha Debraj D. , Dhar Siddhartha S. , Patel Bhisma K. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractHMBTB is used as a crystalline and stable reagent for the bromination of electron rich arenes as well as imidazole, olefins, alkynes, and carbonyl compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: A Cation‐Directed Enantioselective Sulfur‐Mediated Michael/Mannich Three‐Component Domino Reaction Involving Chalcones as Michael Acceptors.
Authors: Ding Ran , Zheng Bo , Wang Yan , Peng Yungui 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe title reaction of chalcones with N‐tosyl phenylmethanimines and 4‐tert‐butylbenzenethiol delivers the products with three contiguous stereogenic centers in moderate to high yields and with high dia‐ and enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitro‐Assisted Broensted Acid Catalysis: Application to a Challenging Catalytic Azidation.
Authors: Dryzhakov Marian , Hellal Malik , Wolf Elena , Falk Florian C. , Moran Joseph 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAn unprecedented co‐catalytic effect of the solvent nitro group and the B(C6F5)3 Broensted acid is discovered to allow the first direct azidation of O‐unprotected aliphatic alcohols in a catalytic manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring Opening of Cyclic Thioimidates in Reaction with Active Methylene Compounds.
Authors: Shvydenko Kostiantyn , Nazarenko Kostiantyn , Shvydenko Tetiana , Vlasenko Yurii , Tolmachev Andrei , Kostyuk Aleksandr 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIn the presence of acetic acid anhydride (III), cyclic thioimidates with five‐membered ring [e.g. (II)] react with compounds containing activated methylene group [e.g. (I)] to give aminopropanes [e.g. (IV)] as the major products.
ChemInform Abstract: Aza‐Wittig Rearrangements of N‐Benzyl and N‐Allyl Glycine Methyl Esters. Discovery of a Surprising Cascade Aza‐Wittig Rearrangement/Hydroboration Reaction.
Authors: Everett Renata K. , Wolfe John P. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA new aza‐[1,2]‐Wittig rearrangement of N‐aryl‐N‐benzyl glycine methyl esters involving a rare benzyl group migration is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis of Alkyl and (Hetero)aryl Sulfonamides from Sulfamoyl Inner Salts.
Authors: Young Joseph M. , Lee Aisha G. , Chandrasekaran Ramalakshmi Y. , Tucker Joseph W. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractZwitterionic inner salts of type (I) readily react with organometallic reagents under mild conditions to give N‐sulfonyl‐substituted urethanes in moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Denitrogenative Hiyama Cross‐Coupling with Arylhydrazines under Air.
Authors: Zhang Hui , Wang Chunjie , Li Zhiwei , Wang Ziyun 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA novel approach to obtain diaryl derivatives with high selectivity and reactivity from arylhydrazines and aryl silanes via Pd‐catalyzed denitrogenative cross‐coupling with selective C—N bond cleavage of arylhydrazines in the presence of camphorsulfonic acid under mild conditions is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Construction of Spiro[thiopyranoindole‐benzoisothiazole] Scaffold via a Formal [3 + 3] Spiroannulation.
Authors: Chen Xiang , Zhang Jun‐Qi , Yin Shao‐Jie , Li Hai‐Yan , Zhou Wei‐Qun , Wang Xing‐Wang 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe scalable reaction delivers the products in very high yield, with excellent diastereoselectivity and high enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Ir(III)‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of NH Isoquinolones with Benzoquinone.
Authors: Zhou Tao , Li Liubo , Li Bin , Song Haibin , Wang Baiquan 
Published: January 2016

AbstractConditions for the title reaction of variously substituted NH isoquinolines with benzoquinone, 2,3‐dimethylbenzoquinone or 1,4‐naphthoquinone are elaborated which provide spiro compounds in most often quantitative yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of 1‐Fluoro‐exo,exo‐2,6‐diaryl‐3,7‐dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octanes: Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐1‐Fluoromembrine.
Authors: Punirun Teerachai , Soorukram Darunee , Kuhakarn Chutima , Reutrakul Vichai , Pohmakotr Manat 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe protocol is applied to preparation of fluoromembrine (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Radical Cascade Iododifluoromethylation/Cyclization of 1,6‐Enynes with Ethyl Difluoroiodoacetate.
Authors: Wang Yu‐Qi , He Yu‐Tao , Zhang Lu‐Lu , Wu Xin‐Xing , Liu Xue‐Yuan , Liang Yong‐Min 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe title reaction proceeds under mild reaction conditions to give pyrrolidine derivatives with high stereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical Synthesis of 2,5‐Disubstituted 1,3‐Dioxolane‐4‐ones and Highly Diastereoselective cis‐2,5‐Disubstituted 1,3‐Dioxolane‐4‐ones from α‐Hydroxy Acids Catalyzed by N‐Triflylphosphoramide.
Authors: Kuecuek Hatice Baspinar 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis method for the protection of α‐hydroxyacids with aldehydes does not require azeotropic distillation or the use of a dehydrating agent.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of New Biological Active 5‐Imino‐4‐thioxo‐2‐imidazolidinones Involving Acetonitrile Electrogenerated Base.
Authors: Sbei Najwa , Batanero Belen , Barba Fructuoso , Haouas Beya , Fuentes Luis , Benkhoud Mohamed Lamine 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAcetonitrile is electrolyzed to form cyanomethyl anion, which not only deprotonizes benzyl amines [e.g. (I)] to give a nitride intermediate, but also forms an organomagnesium compound with the magnesium anode.
ChemInform Abstract: Investigation on the Reactivity of α‐Azidochalcones with Carboxylic Acids: Formation of α‐Amido‐1,3‐diketones and Highly Substituted 2‐(Trifluoromethyl)oxazoles.
Authors: Rajaguru Kandasamy , Mariappan Arumugam , Suresh Rajendran , Manivannan Periasamy , Muthusubramanian Shanmugam 
Published: January 2016

AbstractUnder microwave irradiation, the reaction of azidochalcones [e.g.(I)] and carboxylic acids [e.g.(II)] including trifluoroacetic acid (IIa) gives 1,3‐diketones [e.g. (III)] via 2H‐azirine intermediates.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbon Tetrabromide Mediated Oxidative Cyclocondensation of Ketones and Thioureas: An Easy Access to 2‐Aminothiazoles.
Authors: Keshari Twinkle , Kapoorr Ritu , Yadav Lal Dhar S. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe title reaction involves the generation of a sulfenyl bromide as an Umpolung intermediate of nucleophilic sulfur thus allowing the formation of the C—S bond.
ChemInform Abstract: Sc(OTf)3‐Catalyzed [3 + 3] Cycloaddition of Cyclopropane 1,1‐Diesters with Phthalazinium Dicyanomethanides.
Authors: Liu Honglei , Yuan Chunhao , Wu Yang , Xiao Yumei , Guo Hongchao 
Published: January 2016

AbstractDiethyl and dimethyl cyclopropane‐1,1‐dicarboxylate react in a scalable manner with phthalazinium dicyanomethanides endowed with various functional groups to form 3,4‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrido[2,1‐a]phthalazine derivatives in high yields and with excellent diastereoselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: The Conversion of 4‐Anilinoquinazoline‐ and 3‐Aryl‐4‐imino‐3,4‐dihydro‐quinazoline‐2‐carbonitriles into Benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2‐c]quinazoline‐6‐carbonitriles via Oxidative and Nonoxidative C—N Couplings.
Authors: Mirallai Styliana I. , Koutentis Panayiotis A. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe required pharmaceutically important ring system can be prepared via 3 routes as is demonstrated for derivative (IIa).
ChemInform Abstract: Atom‐Economical Construction of Tetracyclic [1,4]Oxazepines Involving Intramolecular Arylation of a 2‐Imidazoline Moiety.
Authors: Karamysheva Kseniya , Reutskaya Elena , Sapegin Alexander , Dorogov Mikhail , Krasavin Mikhail 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBis‐electrophilic aromatic substrates react with imidazolines (II) or (X) via sequential nucleophilic aromatic substitution and a Smiles rearrangement to give a wide range of tetracyclic oxazepines.
ChemInform Abstract: Harnessing C—H Borylation/Deborylation for Selective Deuteration, Synthesis of Boronate Esters, and Late Stage Functionalization.
Authors: Kallepalli Venkata A , Gore Kristin A. , Shi Feng , Sanchez Luis , Chotana Ghayoor A. , Miller Susanne L. , Maleczka Robert E. Jr. , Smith Milton R. III 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA convenient synthesis of mono‐borylated heterocycles can be achieved by C—H diborylation followed by regioselective mono‐deborylation with methanol in the presence of [Ir(OMe)(cod)]2 as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: O,N,B‐Containing Eight‐Membered Heterocycles by Ring Expansion of Boroles with Nitrones.
Authors: Braunschweig Holger , Krummenacher Ivo , Mailaender Lisa , Rauch Florian 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe title compounds adopt a boat conformation in the solid state according to x‐ray crystallography.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium Hydride Catalyzed Silylvinylation of Internal Alkynes Using Ethylene as an Additive.
Authors: Wilson Robert J. , Kaminsky Lauren , Ahmed Ijaz , Clark Daniel A. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA regiospecific formation of 5‐membered oxasilacycles and a 6‐membered analogues bearing highly functionalized allylidene side chains becomes possible in the presence of RUC.
ChemInform Abstract: Ningpoensines A—C: Unusual Zwitterionic Alkaloids from Scrophularia ningpoensis.
Authors: Zhang Jun , Ip Fanny C.F. , Tong Estella P.S. , Chan Kim Wan , Li Liang‐Chun , Ng Yu Pong , Ip Nancy Y. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThree novel zwitterionic alkaloids, ningpoensine A and a pair of epimers, ningpoensines B/C with unprecedented molecular skeletons are isolated from the root of Scrophularia ningpoensis.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of (‐)‐Conolutinine.
Authors: Feng Xiangyang , Jiang Guangde , Xia Zilei , Hu Jiadong , Wan Xiaolong , Gao Jin‐Ming , Lai Yisheng , Xie Weiqing 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe first enantioselective synthesis of (‐)‐conolutinine is achieved in ten steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Biomimetic Semi‐Synthesis of Fradcarbazole A and Its Analogues.
Authors: Wang Liping , Mei Xiangui , Wang Cong , Zhu Weiming 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of fradcarbazole A (I) and its phenyl and oxazole analogues involves a biomimetic intramolecular cyclization/dehydration.
ChemInform Abstract: First Synthesis of BU‐4664L.
Authors: Takahashi Yusuke , Hirokawa Takafumi , Watanabe Mai , Fujita Satomi , Ogura Yusuke , Enomoto Masaru , Kuwahara Shigefumi 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe title compound is synthesized from a known benzoic acid derivative in nine steps with an overall yield of 18%, involving a Buchwald—Hartwig coupling as key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Secondary Metabolites from the Fruits of Mangrove Avicennia marina
Authors: Yan Dong‐Mei , Gao Cheng‐Hai , Yi Xiang‐Xi , Xie Wen‐Pei , Xu Ming‐Ben , Huang Ri‐Ming 
Published: January 2016

Abstractisolation and structure elucidation of maricaffeolylide A (I) and maricyclohexene A (II)
ChemInform Abstract: Proton Uptake in the H+‐SOFC Cathode Material Ba0.5Sr0.5Fe0.8Zn0.2 O3‐δ: Transition from Hydration to Hydrogenation with Increasing Oxygen Partial Pressure
Authors: Poetzsch Daniel , Merkle Rotraut , Maier Joachim 
Published: January 2016

AbstractReview: 33 refs.
Gene expression analysis of biopsy samples reveals critical limitations of transcriptome‐based molecular classifications of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Makowska Zuzanna , Boldanova Tujana , Adametz David , Quagliata Luca , Vogt Julia E. , Dill Michael T. , Matter Mathias S. , Roth Volker , Terracciano Luigi , Heim Markus H. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMolecular classification of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) could guide patient stratification for personalized therapies targeting subclass‐specific cancer ‘driver pathways’. Currently, there are several transcriptome‐based molecular classifications of HCC with different subclass numbers, ranging from two to six. They were established using resected tumours that introduce a selection bias towards patients without liver cirrhosis and with early stage HCCs. We generated and analyzed gene expression data from paired HCC and non‐cancerous liver tissue biopsies from 60 patients as well as five normal liver samples. Unbiased consensus clustering of HCC biopsy profiles identified 3 robust classes. Class membership correlated with survival, tumour size and with Edmondson and Barcelona Clinical Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage. When focusing only on the gene expression of the HCC biopsies, we could validate previously reported classifications of HCC based on expression patterns of signature genes. However, the subclass‐specific gene expression patterns were no longer preserved when the fold‐change relative to the normal tissue was used. The majority of genes believed to be subclass‐specific turned out to be cancer‐related genes differentially regulated in all HCC patients, with quantitative rather than qualitative differences between the molecular subclasses. With the exception of a subset of samples with a definitive β‐catenin gene signature, biological pathway analysis could not identify class‐specific pathways reflecting the activation of distinct oncogenic programs. In conclusion, we have found that gene expression profiling of HCC biopsies has limited potential to direct therapies that target specific driver pathways, but can identify subgroups of patients with different prognosis.
A new online tool to detect color misconceptions
Authors: Naranjo Correa Francisco Luis , Martinez Borreguero Guadalupe , Perez Rodriguez Angel Luis , Suero Lopez Maria Isabel , Pardo Fernandez Pedro J. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIn this work, we present an online test designed to ascertain what type of misconceptions people may have about color perception. It is noteworthy that only 15.7% of the over 20,000 respondents answered correctly, and that the vast majority (78.2%) of incorrect response patterns on our test matched to just four sequences, corresponding with four types of misconceptions. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl 41, 325–329, 2016
An adaptive threshold based hybrid load balancing scheme with sender and receiver initiated approach using random information exchange
Authors: Alam Taj , Raza Zahid 
Published: January 2016

SummaryThe primary objective of load balancing for distributed systems is to minimize the job execution time while maximizing the resource utilization. Load balancing on decentralized systems need effective information exchange policy so that with minimum amount of communication the nodes have up to date information about other nodes in the system. Periodic, event‐based and on‐demand information exchange are some important policies used for the same. All these approaches involve a lot of overhead and even sometime leading toward obsolete data with the nodes if there is a delay in the updation. This work presents an adaptive threshold‐based hybrid load balancing scheme with sender and receiver initiated approach (HLBWSR) using random information exchange (RIE). RIE ensures that the information is exchanged in such a way that each node in the system has up‐to‐date state of the other nodes with much reduced communication overhead. Further, the adaptive threshold ensures that almost an average numbers of jobs are executed by all the nodes in the system. The study of the effect of the use of RIE on sender initiated, receiver initiated and hybrid of sender and receiver initiated load balancing approach establishes the superior performance of HLBWSR among its RIE‐based peers. A comparative analysis of HLBWSR, with periodic information exchange strategy, modified estimated load information scheduling algorithm and load balancing on arrival reveals its effectiveness under various test conditions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Abnormal hippocampal structure and function in clinical anxiety and comorbid depression
Authors: Cha Jiook , Greenberg Tsafrir , Song Inkyung , Blair Simpson Helen , Posner Jonathan , Mujica‐Parodi Lilianne R. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTGiven the high prevalence rates of comorbidity of anxiety and depressive disorders, identifying a common neural pathway to both disorders is important not only for better diagnosis and treatment, but also for a more complete conceptualization of each disease. Hippocampal abnormalities have been implicated in anxiety and depression, separately; however, it remains unknown whether these abnormalities are also implicated in their comorbidity. Here we address this question by testing 32 adults with generalized anxiety disorder (15 GAD only and 17 comorbid MDD) and 25 healthy controls (HC) using multimodal MRI (structure, diffusion and functional) and automated hippocampal segmentation. We demonstrate that (i) abnormal microstructure of the CA1 and CA2‐3 is associated with GAD/MDD comorbidity and (ii) decreased anterior hippocampal reactivity in response to repetition of the threat cue is associated with GAD (with or without MDD comorbidity). In addition, mediation‐structural equation modeling (SEM) reveals that our hippocampal and dimensional symptom data are best explained by a model describing a significant influence of abnormal hippocampal microstructure on both anxiety and depression—mediated through its impact on abnormal hippocampal threat processing. Collectively, our findings show a strong association between changes in hippocampal microstructure and threat processing, which together may present a common neural pathway to comorbidity of anxiety and depression. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tumor homing indocyanine green encapsulated micelles for near infrared and photoacoustic imaging of tumors
Authors: Uthaman Saji , Bom Joon‐suk , Kim Hyeon Sik , John Johnson V. , Bom Hee‐Seung , Kim Seon‐Jong , Min Jung‐Joon , Kim Il , Park In‐Kyu 
Published: January 2016

AbstractPhotoacoustic imaging (PAI) is an emerging analytical modality that is under intense preclinical development for the early diagnosis of various medical conditions, including cancer. However, the lack of specific tumor targeting by various contrast agents used in PAI obstructs its clinical applications. In this study, we developed indocyanine green (ICG)‐encapsulated micelles specific for the CD 44 receptor and used in near infrared and photoacoustic imaging of tumors. ICG was hydrophobically modified prior to loading into hyaluronic acid (HA)‐based micelles utilized for CD 44 based‐targeting. We investigated the physicochemical characteristics of prepared HA only and ICG‐encapsulated HA micelles (HA‐ICG micelles). After intravenous injection of tumor‐bearing mice, the bio‐distribution and in vivo photoacoustic images of ICG‐encapsulated HA micelles accumulating in tumors were also investigated. Our study further encourages the application of this HA‐ICG‐based nano‐platform as a tumor‐specific contrast agent for PAI. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 825–834, 2016.
General scheme to reduce the knee adduction moment by modifying a combination of gait variables
Authors: Favre Julien , Erhart‐Hledik Jennifer C. , Chehab Eric F. , Andriacchi Thomas P. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTReducing the knee adduction moment (KAM) is a promising treatment for medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA). Although several gait modifications to lower the KAM have been identified, the potential to combine modifications and individual dose‐responses remain unknown. This study hypothesized that: (i) there is a general scheme consisting of modifications in trunk sway, step width, walking speed, and foot progression angle that reduces the KAM; (ii) gait modifications can be combined; and (iii) dose‐responses differ among individuals. Walking trials with simultaneous modifications in step width, walking speed, progression angle, and trunk sway were analyzed for 10 healthy subjects. Wider step width, slower speed, toeing‐in, and increased trunk sway resulted in reduced first KAM peak, whereas wider step width, faster speed, and increased trunk sway reduced the KAM angular impulse. Individual regressions accurately modeled the amplitude of the KAM variables relative to the amplitude of the gait modification variables, while the dose‐responses varied strongly among participants. In conclusion, increasing trunk sway, increasing step width, and toeing‐in are three gait modifications that could be combined to reduce KAM variables related to knee OA. Results also indicated that some gait modifications reducing the KAM induced changes in the knee flexion moment possibly indicative of an increase in knee loading. Taken together with the different dose‐responses among subjects, this study suggested that gait retraining programs should consider this general scheme of modifications with individualization of the modification amplitudes. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1547–1556, 2016.
Third‐generation autologous chondrocyte implantation versus mosaicplasty for knee cartilage injury: 2‐year randomized trial
Authors: Clavé Arnaud , Potel Jean‐François , Servien Elvire , Neyret Philippe , Dubrana Frédéric , Stindel Eric 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTNumerous surgical techniques have been developed to treat osteochondral defects of the knee. A study reported encouraging outcomes of third‐generation autologous chondrocyte implantation achieved using the solid agarose‐alginate scaffold Cartipatch®. Whether this scaffold is better than conventional techniques remains unclear. This multicenter randomized controlled trial compared 2‐year functional outcomes (IKDC score) after Cartipatch® versus mosaicplasty in patients with isolated symptomatic femoral chondral defects (ICRS III and IV) measuring 2.5–7.5 cm2. In addition, a histological evaluation based on the O'Driscoll score was performed after 2 years. We needed 76 patients to demonstrate an at least 10‐point subjective IKDC score difference with α = 5% and 90% power. During the enrolment period, we were able to include 55 patients, 30 of them were allocated at random to Cartipatch® and 25 to mosaicplasty. After 2 years, eight patients had been lost to follow‐up, six in the Cartipatch® group, and two in the mosaicplasty group. The baseline characteristics of the two groups were not significantly different. The mean IKDC score and score improvement after 2 years were respectively 73.7 ± 20.1 and 31.8 ± 20.8 with Cartipatch® and 81.5 ± 16.4 and 44.4 ± 15.2 with mosaicplasty. The 12.6‐point absolute difference in favor of mosaicplasty is statistically significant. Twelve adverse events were recorded in the Cartipatch® group against six in the mosaicplasty group. After 2 years, functional outcomes were significantly worse after Cartipatch® treatment compared to mosaicplasty for isolated focal osteochondral defects of the femur. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:658–665, 2016.