bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental healthcare staff well‐being and burnout: A narrative review of trends, causes, implications, and recommendations for future interventions
Authors: Johnson Judith , Hall Louise H. , Berzins Kathryn , Baker John , Melling Kathryn , Thompson Carl 
Published: December 2017

AbstractRising levels of burnout and poor well‐being in healthcare staff are an international concern for health systems. The need to improve well‐being and reduce burnout has long been acknowledged, but few interventions target mental healthcare staff, and minimal improvements have been seen in services. This review aimed to examine the problem of burnout and well‐being in mental healthcare staff and to present recommendations for future research and interventions. A discursive review was undertaken examining trends, causes, implications, and interventions in burnout and well‐being in healthcare staff working in mental health services. Data were drawn from national surveys, reports, and peer‐reviewed journal articles. These show that staff in mental healthcare report poorer well‐being than staff in other healthcare sectors. Poorer well‐being and higher burnout are associated with poorer quality and safety of patient care, higher absenteeism, and higher turnover rates. Interventions are effective, but effect sizes are small. The review concludes that grounding interventions in the research literature, emphasizing the positive aspects of interventions to staff, building stronger links between healthcare organizations and universities, and designing interventions targeting burnout and improved patient care together may improve the effectiveness and uptake of interventions by staff.
Mental Health Nurses as therapists in a rehabilitation setting: A phenomenological study
Authors: Browne Graeme , Hurley John 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMental Health Nurses have a long tradition of delivering talk‐based interventions across a range of clinical settings. Despite this, Mental Health Nurses receive limited recognition of this contribution. This paper presents findings from a study that explored Mental Health Nurses' experience of delivering talk‐based therapies in an inpatient rehabilitation setting. This study uses semistructured interviews and a phenomenological approach to explore eight Mental Health Nurses' experience. Themes emerging included that: mental health nursing is a talk‐based therapy in its own right, talk‐based therapy was part of everyday nursing care on the floor and integrated talk‐based therapy enhanced recovery opportunities for consumers. However, a further theme was that there were tensions around providing talk‐based therapy conflicted with other roles including unit management and the role of nurses in controlling challenging behaviours. This study found that Mental Health Nurses, in this setting, are offering talk‐based therapy to the people they care for. The findings of this study have implications for research: there needs to be a larger study investigating nurses' use of talk‐based therapy in inpatient settings. If, as the authors expect that, it is found that mental health nurses are offering these therapies generally in inpatient settings, this has serious implications for postgraduate education in Mental Health Nursing policy in terms of recognition that this is happening and finding ways to support nurses to do this well. There also needs to be further research in the best ways to offer talk‐based therapy in these settings.
Group‐buying coupons considering consumers’ perceived ease of use
Authors: Wan Qin , Yang Shilei , Liao Yi , Xia Yu 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis paper examines the design of the online discount coupon, which is a popular marketing tool that offers consumers group‐buying (GB) discounts when they prepay for participating firms’ goods and services. We develop a two‐stage model for a market in which consumers are heterogeneous in their valuation of a product. In our setup, consumers make purchase decisions at the first stage and update their perceptions of the product. As a result, they adjust their repurchase decisions at the second stage. Through the analysis of price discrimination effect and advertising effect, we demonstrate that consumers make their purchase decisions based on not only the discount rate but also the degree of perceived ease of use of the coupons. We then examine both single‐time and double‐time GB mechanisms, and recommend the optimal design for the firm to increase its profitability. Our model also accommodates uncertainty of the degree of consumers' perceived ease of use and shows that the conditions for the optimal GB mechanism are robust.
The indirect response of an aquatic ecosystem to long‐term climate‐driven terrestrial vegetation in a subalpine temperate lake
Authors: Beck Kristen K. , Fletcher Michael‐Shawn , Kattel Giri , Barry Linda A. , Gadd Patricia S. , Heijnis Henk , Jacobsen Geraldine E. , Saunders Krystyna M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimTo assess whether climate directly influences aquatic ecosystem dynamics in the temperate landscape of Tasmania or whether the effects of long‐term climatic change are mediated through the terrestrial environment (indirect climate influence).LocationPaddy's Lake is located at 1065 m a.s.l. in temperate north‐west Tasmania, a continental island south‐east of mainland Australia (41°15–43°25′ S; 145°00–148°15′ E).MethodsWe developed a new 13,400 year (13.4 kyr) palaeoecological dataset of lake sediment subfossil cladocerans (aquatic grazers), bulk organic sediment carbon (C%) and nitrogen (N%) and δ13C and δ15N stable isotopes. Comparison of this new data was made with a recently published pollen, geochemistry and charcoal records from Paddy's Lake.ResultsLow cladoceran diversity at Paddy's Lake is consistent with other temperate Southern Hemisphere lakes. The bulk sediment δ15N values demonstrate a significant lagged negative response to pollen accumulation rate (pollen AR). Compositional shifts of dominant cladoceran taxa (Bosmina meridionalis and Alona guttata) occur following changes in both pollen AR and pollen (vegetation) composition throughout the 13.4 kyr record at Paddy's Lake. The δ15N values demonstrate a significant positive lagged relationship to the oligotrophic:eutrophic cladoceran ratio.Main conclusionsLong‐term changes in cladoceran composition lag changes in both pollen AR and terrestrial vegetation composition. We interpret pollen AR as reflecting climate‐driven changes in terrestrial vegetation productivity and conclude that climate‐driven shifts in vegetation are the principal driver of the cladoceran community during the last ca. 13.4 kyr. The significant negative lagged relationship between pollen AR and δ15N reflects the primary control of vegetation productivity over within‐lake nutrient status. Thus, we conclude that the effects of long‐term climate change on aquatic ecosystem dynamics at our site are indirect and mediated by the terrestrial environment. Vegetation productivity controls organic soil development and has a direct influence over lake trophic status via changes in the delivery of terrestrial organic matter into the lake.
Global biogeochemical provinces of the mesopelagic zone
Authors: Reygondeau Gabriel , Guidi Lionel , Beaugrand Gregory , Henson Stephanie A. , Koubbi Philippe , MacKenzie Brian R. , Sutton Tracey T. , Fioroni Martine , Maury Olivier 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimFollowing the biogeographical approach implemented by Longhurst for the epipelagic layer, we propose here to identify a biogeochemical 3‐D partition for the mesopelagic layer. The resulting partition characterizes the main deep environmental biotopes and their vertical boundaries on a global scale, which can be used as a geographical and ecological framework for conservation biology, ecosystem‐based management and for the design of oceanographic investigations.LocationThe global ocean.MethodsBased on the most comprehensive environmental climatology available to date, which is both spatially and vertically resolved (seven environmental parameters), we applied a combination of clustering algorithms (c‐means, k‐means, partition around medoids and agglomerative with Ward's linkage) associated with a nonparametric environmental model to identify the vertical and spatial delineation of the mesopelagic layer.ResultsFirst, we show via numerical interpretation that the vertical division of the pelagic zone varies and, hence, is not constant throughout the global ocean. Indeed, a latitudinal gradient is found between the epipelagic–mesopelagic and mesopelagic–bathypelagic vertical limits. Second, the mesopelagic layer is shown here to be composed of 13 distinguishable Biogeochemical Provinces. Each province shows a distinct range of environmental conditions and characteristic 3‐D distributions.Main conclusionsThe historical definition of the mesopelagic zone is here revisited to define a 3‐D geographical framework and characterize all the deep environmental biotopes of the deep global ocean. According to the numerical interpretation of mesopelagic boundaries, we reveal that the vertical division of the zone is not constant over the global ocean (200–1,000 m) but varies between ocean basin and with latitude. We also provide evidence of biogeochemical division of the mesopelagic zone that is spatially structured in a similar way than the epipelagic in the shallow waters but varies in the deep owing to a change of the environmental driving factors.
Blaming Brussels? The Impact of (News about) the Refugee Crisis on Attitudes towards the EU and National Politics
Authors: Harteveld Eelco , Schaper Joep , De Lange Sarah L. , Van Der Brug Wouter 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis paper investigates how the refugee crisis has affected attitudes towards the EU, as well as attitudes towards national institutions. By combining different waves of individual survey data, official records of asylum applications and a content analysis of the media, we examine the effect of the numbers of asylum applications and the amount of media coverage thereof on citizens' attitudes towards the EU and national politics. Our findings demonstrate that the number of asylum applications in the EU and the media attention this generates primarily affect euroscepticism, while the number of asylum applications into each individual Member State first and foremost affects attitudes towards national institutions. Our results contribute to the literature on democratic accountability, by demonstrating that, even in a complex multi‐level governance structure, citizens differentiate between levels of government.
Influence of autogenous platelet concentrate on combined GTR/graft therapy in intra‐bony defects: A 13‐year follow‐up of a randomized controlled clinical split‐mouth study
Authors: Cieplik Fabian , Tabenski Laura , Hiller Karl‐Anton , Schmalz Gottfried , Buchalla Wolfgang , Christgau Michael 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimTo investigate the clinical long‐term outcomes 13 years following guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in deep intra‐bony defects with and without additional application of autogenous platelet concentrate (APC).MethodsIn 25 patients, two deep contra‐lateral intra‐bony defects were treated according to GTR using β‐TCP and bio‐resorbable membranes. In test defects, APC was applied additionally. After 13 years, clinical healing results were assessed and compared to results at baseline and after 1 year. Furthermore, a tooth survival analysis was carried out.ResultsAfter 13 years, 22 patients were available for tooth survival analysis showing 81.8% of test and 86.4% of control teeth still in situ. Based on the 15 patients still available for split‐mouth analysis, median CAL was 10.0 mm in test and 12.0 mm in control sites at baseline. After 1 year, both groups revealed significant CAL gains of 5.0 mm, followed by a new CAL loss of 1.0 mm in the following 12 years. There were no significant differences between test and control sites.ConclusionWithin the limits of this study, the data show that most of the CAL gain following GTR can be maintained over 13 years. The additional use of APC had no positive influence on the long‐term stability.
The association between coeliac disease and periodontitis: Results from NHANES 2009–2012
Authors: Spinell Thomas , DeMayo Francesco , Cato Matthew , Thai Ashley , Helmerhorst Eva J. , Green Peter H. R. , Lebwohl Benjamin , Demmer Ryan T. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimTo investigate whether coeliac disease (CD) was associated with periodontitis among a nationally representative sample of US adults.Materials and MethodsThe National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009–2012 enrolled 6,661 subjects with full‐mouth periodontal examination and serological testing for antitissue transglutaminase (tTg) and antiendomysial (EMA) antibodies. CD was defined as (i) self‐reported physician diagnosis while on a gluten‐free diet; or (ii) tTg levels >10.0 U/ml and positive EMA results. Positive serology without self‐reported diagnosis was defined as undiagnosed CD (UdxCD). Periodontitis was defined according to the CDC/AAP definition. Multivariable linear and logistic models were used to regress the mean probing depth (PD) or attachment loss (AL) outcomes across CD categories (none, diagnosed and undiagnosed).ResultsThe prevalence of moderate/severe periodontitis and diagnosed/undiagnosed CD was 40% and 0.74%, respectively. Mean AL was lower among those with CD although results were not statistically significant (p = .67). The odds of periodontitis among individuals with diagnosed and undiagnosed CD were: 0.5(0.22, 1.16) and 0.62(0.1, 3.75), respectively. Mean PD levels among those without CD or with diagnosed or undiagnosed CD were 1.49 ± 0.02, 1.36 ± 0.11 and 1.31 ± 0.11 (p = .03).ConclusionCD is associated with modestly lower levels of mean PD but was not associated with mean AL or periodontitis. Larger studies are necessary to enhance precision and strengthen conclusions.
Acetylcholine precursor, citicoline (cytidine 5′‐diphosphocholine), reduces hypoglycaemia‐induced neuronal death in rats
Authors: Kim J. H. , Choi B. Y. , Kho A. R. , Lee S. H. , Jeong J. H. , Hong D. K. , Lee S. H. , Sohn M. , Ryu O. H. , Choi M.‐G. , Suh S. W. 
Published: December 2017

Citicoline (cytidine 5′‐diphosphocholine) is an important precursor for the synthesis of neuronal plasma membrane phospholipids, mainly phosphatidylcholine. The administration of citicoline serves as a choline donor for the synthesis of acetylcholine. Citicoline has been shown to reduce the neuronal injury in animal models with cerebral ischaemia and in clinical trials of stroke patients. Citicoline is currently being investigated in a multicentre clinical trial. However, citicoline has not yet been examined the context of hypoglycaemia‐induced neuronal death. To clarify the therapeutic impact of citicoline in hypoglycaemia‐induced neuronal death, we used a rat model with insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia. Acute hypoglycaemia was induced by i.p. injection of regular insulin (10 U kg‐1) after overnight fasting, after which iso‐electricity was maintained for 30 minutes. Citicoline injections (500 mg/kg, i.p.) were started immediately after glucose reperfusion. We found that post‐treatment of citicoline resulted in significantly reduced neuronal death, oxidative injury and microglial activation in the hippocampus compared to vehicle‐treated control groups at 7 days after induced hypoglycaemia. Citicoline administration after hypoglycaemia decreased immunoglobulin leakage via blood‐brain barrier disruption in the hippocampus compared to the vehicle group. Citicoline increased choline acetyltransferase expression for phosphatidylcholine synthesis after hypoglycaemia. Altogether, the present findings suggest that neuronal membrane stabilisation by citicoline administration can save neurones from the degeneration process after hypoglycaemia, as seen in several studies of ischaemia. Therefore, the results suggest that citicoline may have therapeutic potential to reduce hypoglycaemia‐induced neuronal death.
Option Mispricing around Nontrading Periods
Authors: JONES CHRISTOPHER S. , SHEMESH JOSHUA 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTWe find that option returns are significantly lower over nontrading periods, the vast majority of which are weekends. Our evidence suggests that nontrading returns cannot be explained by risk, but rather are the result of widespread and highly persistent option mispricing driven by the incorrect treatment of stock return variance during periods of market closure. The size of the effect implies that the broad spectrum of finance research involving option prices should account for nontrading effects. Our study further suggests how alternative industry practices could improve the efficiency of option markets in a meaningful way.
Chinese medicine Tongxinluo capsule alleviates cerebral microcirculatory disturbances in ischemic stroke by modulating vascular endothelial function and inhibiting leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions in mice: A two‐photon laser scanning microscopy study
Authors: Liu Shen , Wei Cong , Kang Ning , He Qilong , Liang Junqing , Wang Hongtao , Chang Liping , Chen Daohong , Zhang Qiuyan , Chang Chengcheng , Zhang Junfang , Ren Hong , Wu Yiling 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the effect of TXL, a Chinese medicine prescription, on cerebral microcirculatory disturbances after pMCAO in mice using TPLSM and further explore the underlying mechanisms.MethodsAdlut male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to pMCAO and orally administered with TXL (3.0, 1.5 and 0.75 g/kg/d) at 1, 3, and 21 hours after pMCAO. The following parameters were examined at 6 and 24 hours after pMCAO: neurological deficits, infarct volume, BBB permeability, cerebral microvessel structure, brain microcirculation (TPLSM imaging), vasoactive factors, and adhesion molecules.ResultsTXL improved neurological deficits, reduced infarct volume, attenuated BBB disruption, protected cerebral microvessel structure, increased cerebral capillary flow velocity and volume flux, and inhibited leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions at 6 or 24 hours after pMCAO. The therapeutic efficacy was exerted in a dose‐dependent manner. Further study revealed that TXL (high dose) regulated the expression of PGI2, TXA2, and ET‐1, and suppressed ICAM‐1 and P‐selectin.ConclusionsTXL alleviates cerebral microcirculatory disturbances against ischemic injury by modulating endothelial function and inhibiting leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions. These effects are associated with regulating the expression of PGI2, TXA2, and ET‐1, and suppressing ICAM‐1 and P‐selectin expression.
Parental experiences and perceptions of infant complementary feeding: a qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: Matvienko‐Sikar K. , Kelly C. , Sinnott C. , McSharry J. , Houghton C. , Heary C. , Toomey E. , Byrne M. , Kearney P. M. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryBackgroundInterventions to prevent childhood obesity increasingly focus on infant feeding, but demonstrate inconsistent effects. A comprehensive qualitative evidence synthesis is essential to better understand feeding behaviours and inform intervention development. The aim of this study is to synthesize evidence on perceptions and experiences of infant feeding and complementary feeding recommendations.MethodsDatabases CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Academic Search Complete, SocIndex and Maternity and Infant Care were searched from inception to May 2017. Eligible studies examined parents' experiences of complementary feeding of children (<2 years). Data were synthesized using thematic synthesis.ResultsTwenty‐five studies met inclusion criteria for review. Four key themes emerged. ‘Guidelines and advice’ highlights variety and inconsistencies between sources of complementary feeding information. ‘Stage of weaning’ describes infant feeding as a process involving different stages. ‘Knowing and trying’ outlines parents' engagement in feeding approaches based on instinct, prior experience or trial and error. ‘Daily life’ highlights problematic cost and time constraints for parents.DiscussionParents predominantly understand and want to engage in healthy feeding processes. Consideration of infant feeding as a process that changes over time is necessary to support parents. Provision of clear, consistent information and guidance from trusted sources on when, what and how to feed is also essential.
Peptidoglycan synthesis in Tannerella forsythia: Scavenging is the modus operandi
Authors: Ruscitto A. , Sharma A. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryTannerella forsythia is a Gram‐negative oral pathogen strongly associated with periodontitis. This bacterium has an absolute requirement for exogenous N‐acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc), an amino sugar that forms the repeating disaccharide unit with amino sugar N‐acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) of the peptidoglycan backbone. In silico genome analysis indicates that T. forsythia lacks the key biosynthetic enzymes needed for the de novo synthesis of MurNAc, and so relies on alternative ways to meet its requirement for peptidoglycan biosynthesis. In the subgingival niche, the bacterium can acquire MurNAc and peptidoglycan fragments (muropeptides) released by the cohabiting bacteria during their cell wall breakdown associated with cell division. Tannerella forsythia is able to also use host sialic acid (Neu5Ac) in lieu of MurNAc or muropeptides for its survival during the biofilm growth. Evidence suggests that the bacterium might be able to shunt sialic acid into a metabolic pathway leading to peptidoglycan synthesis. In this review, we explore the mechanisms by which T. forsythia is able to scavenge MurNAc, muropeptide and sialic acid for its peptidoglycan synthesis, and the impact of these scavenging activities on pathogenesis.
Dynamic modelling of limitations on improving leaf CO2 assimilation under fluctuating irradiance
Authors: Morales Alejandro , Kaiser Elias , Yin Xinyou , Harbinson Jeremy , Molenaar Jaap , Driever Steven M. , Struik Paul C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA dynamic model of leaf CO2 assimilation was developed as an extension of the canonical steady‐state model, by adding the effects of energy‐dependent non‐photochemical quenching (qE), chloroplast movement, photoinhibition, regulation of enzyme activity in the Calvin cycle, metabolite concentrations, and dynamic CO2 diffusion. The model was calibrated and tested successfully using published measurements of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence on Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Col‐0 and several photosynthetic mutants and transformants affecting the regulation of Rubisco activity (rca‐2 and rwt43), non‐photochemical quenching (npq4‐1 and npq1‐2), and sucrose synthesis (spsa1). The potential improvements on CO2 assimilation under fluctuating irradiance that can be achieved by removing the kinetic limitations on the regulation of enzyme activities, electron transport, and stomatal conductance were calculated in silico for different scenarios. The model predicted that the rates of activation of enzymes in the Calvin cycle and stomatal opening were the most limiting (up to 17% improvement) and that effects varied with the frequency of fluctuations. On the other hand, relaxation of qE and chloroplast movement had a strong effect on average low‐irradiance CO2 assimilation (up to 10% improvement). Strong synergies among processes were found, such that removing all kinetic limitations simultaneously resulted in improvements of up to 32%.
Pulmonary nodules and nodular scleritis in a teenager with superficial granulomatous pyoderma gangrenosum
Authors: Contreras‐Verduzco Francisco A. , Espinosa‐Padilla Sara E. , Orozco‐Covarrubias Luz , Alva‐Chaire Adriana , Rojas‐Maruri César M. , Sáez‐de‐Ocariz Marimar 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSuperficial granulomatous pyoderma gangrenosum, a rare variant of pyoderma gangrenosum, has been considered to be the most benign form of the disease. We present the case of a 15‐year‐old boy with pulmonary involvement and nodular scleritis associated with this unusual type of pyoderma gangrenosum and discuss its differential diagnosis.