bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do protected areas mitigate the effects of fisheries‐induced evolution on parental care behaviour of a teleost fish?
Authors: Twardek William M. , Elvidge Chris K. , Wilson Alexander D.M. , Algera Dirk A. , Zolderdo Aaron J. , Lougheed Stephen C. , Cooke Steven J. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

While the use of aquatic protected areas that exclude angling might be considered an evolutionarily enlightened management approach to dealing with fisheries‐induced evolution (FIE), there is little empirical data on the effectiveness of this approach at maintaining the diversity of phenotypic traits within protected areas.
In species with paternal care, including largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), active nest‐guarding and aggression towards potential brood predators by males may render these individuals particularly vulnerable to capture by angling because of increased propensity to attack fishing lures/bait near their nests. Relative levels of aggression by these males during the parental care period correlates with their vulnerability to angling year round. Selective removal of more aggressive individuals by anglers should drive population‐average phenotypes towards lower levels of aggression.
To assess the effectiveness of protected areas at mitigating FIE, the parental care behaviours of wild, free‐swimming male bass were compared during the early nesting period for bass within and outside protected areas in a lake in eastern Ontario. Nesting males within long‐standing aquatic protected areas closed to fishing for >70 years were more aggressive towards bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus), a potential nest predator, and patrolled larger areas around their nests compared with bass outside of sanctuaries. Males within protected areas were also more likely to strike at artificial fishing lures and were more prone to capture during angling events.
Collectively, the findings suggest that the establishment of protected areas may promote phenotypic diversity such as more attentive and vigorous parental care, relative to areas open to angling. The extent to which this phenomenon occurs in other species and systems is likely to depend on the reproductive strategies of fish and their spatial ecology compared with protected area boundaries, and habitat quality within protected areas.
Split luciferase complementation assay for the analysis of G protein‐coupled receptor ligand response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Fukutani Yosuke , Ishii Jun , Kondo Akihiko , Ozawa Takeaki , Matsunami Hiroaki , Yohda Masafumi 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThe budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is equipped with G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCR). Because the yeast GPCR signaling mechanism is partly similar to that of the mammalian system, S. cerevisiae can be used for a host of mammalian GPCR expression and ligand‐mediated activation assays. However, currently available yeast systems require several hours to observe the responses because they depend on the expression of reporter genes. In this study, we attempted to develop a simple GPCR assay system using split luciferase and β‐arrestin, which are independent of the endogenous S. cerevisiae GPCR signaling pathways. We applied the split luciferase complementation assay method to S. cerevisiae and found that it can be used to analyze the ligand response of the human somatostatin receptor in S. cerevisiae. On the contrary, the response of the pheromone receptor Ste2 was not observed by the assay. Thus, the split luciferase complementation should be free from the effect of the endogenous GPCR signaling. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 1354–1361. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A novel approach to characterize host cell proteins associated with therapeutic monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Thomson Andrew S. , Mai Shing , Byrne Michael P. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTRecombinant monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are widely produced in the pharmaceutical industry using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Host cell proteins (HCPs) are one of many process‐related impurities generated during the production of mAb products. The multi‐analyte HCP enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the industry standard accepted assay to measure clearance of HCPs from recombinant protein therapeutics. While similar platform processes are used for expression and purification, varying amounts of HCPs are found in final drug substances for different mAb products. Through the use of novel ELISA formats, an HCP‐mAb product interaction was identified using a variety of ELISAs to investigate the underlying protein–protein interaction. This result provides evidence to explain why some mAb products have HCPs that are not cleared during purification. This ELISA technique can be used as a high‐throughput screening tool to identify conditions to improve clearance of difficult HCPs during downstream processing purification. In addition, an interaction was observed to occur between anti‐CHO HCP antibodies and mAb products. However, this interaction only occurs under denaturing conditions, and does not interfere with the HCP quantitation obtained by ELISA, and it was demonstrated that the cross‐reactive anti‐CHO HCP antibodies can be removed by affinity purification. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 1208–1214. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Forced out of a life narrative into the open
Authors: Speedy Jane 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis paper is composed of several texts. It contains fragments of writing based on extracts from ‘Staring at the park: an auto‐ethnographic poetic inquiry’, an award‐winning book by Jane Speedy, and a series of images made with an i‐Pad. The visual text does not illustrate the written version. They are, rather, placed alongside each other, in juxtaposition, as if placed together in a gallery or installation. Thus frameworks from the visual arts are used within this piece to uphold more literary forms and, perhaps, to ‘trouble’ and open out our usual ways of seeing and attending to research texts. I hope this piece allows people in to a poet‐stroke life space that is the UK's biggest cause of disability, but is not much talked about or understood.
A novel mutation in the OAR domain of the ARX gene
Authors: Tapie Alejandra , Pi‐Denis Natalia , Souto Jorge , Vomero Alejandra , Peluffo Gabriel , Boidi María , Ciganda Martín , Curbelo Nicolás , Raggio Victor , Roche Leda , Pastro Lucía 
Published: January 2017

Key Clinical MessageMutations in ARX gene should be considered in patients with mental disability or/and epilepsy. It is an X‐linked gene that has pleiotropic effects. Here, we report the case of a boy diagnosed with Ohtahara syndrome. We performed the molecular analysis of the gene and identified a new missense mutation.
Support Effects on CO Oxidation on Metal‐supported Ultrathin FeO(1 1 1) Films
Authors: Weng Xuefei , Zhang Ke , Pan Qiushi , Martynova Yulia , Shaikhutdinov Shamil , Freund Hans‐Joachim 
Published: January 2017

AbstractFeO(1 1 1) films grown on a Au(1 1 1) substrate were studied in the low temperature CO oxidation reaction at near‐atmospheric pressure. Enhanced reactivity over the otherwise inert Au(1 1 1) surface was only observed if the iron oxide films possessed so‐called “weakly bound oxygen” (WBO) species upon oxidation at elevated pressures. The reaction rate measured under O‐rich conditions (CO/O2=1/5, totally 60 mbar, He balance to 1 bar) was found to correlate with the total amount of WBO measured in the “oxidized” films by temperature programmed desorption. The initial reaction rate measured as a function of the film coverage showed a maximum at about one monolayer (ML), in contrast to ≈0.4 ML obtained for the Pt(1 1 1)‐supported FeO(1 1 1) films measured with the same setup. When compared to FeO(1 1 1)/Pt(1 1 1), WBO species on FeO(1 1 1)/Au(1 1 1) desorb at a much lower (i.e., by ≈200 K) temperature, but also in much smaller amounts. Scanning tunneling microscopy studies showed that the FeO(1 1 1) layer on Au(1 1 1) is fairly stable towards high pressure oxidation in the low coverage regime, but undergoes substantial reconstruction at near‐monolayer coverages, thus resulting in poorly‐defined structures. Comparison of structure–reactivity relationships observed for Au(1 1 1) and Pt(1 1 1) supported FeO(1 1 1) films revealed the complex role of a metal support on reactivity. Although a strong interaction with the Pt(1 1 1) surface stabilizes a planar FeO(1 1 1)‐derived structure for the active oxide phase, in the case of a more weakly interacting Au(1 1 1) surface, the reaction atmosphere induces structural transformations governed by the thermodynamic phase diagram of the iron oxide, albeit it seems crucial to have a dense FeO(1 1 1) film as the precursor.
Graphene Quantum Dot Modified Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Stabilize PdCu Nanoparticles for Enhanced Catalytic Activity in the Sonogashira Reaction
Authors: Gholinejad Mohammad , Ahmadi Jahantab , Nájera Carmen , Seyedhamzeh Mohammad , Zareh Fatemeh , Kompany‐Zareh Mohsen 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this report, Fe3O4 nanoparticles are modified for the first time with graphene quantum dots (GQD) and used for the stabilization of PdCu bimetallic nanoparticles. The new magnetic compound, PdCu@GQD@Fe3O4, is characterized by different methods such as SEM, high‐resolution (HR)‐TEM, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) mapping, XRD, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). This material is applied as an efficient catalyst for the Sonogashira reaction of aryl iodides, bromides, and chlorides in toluene or N,N‐dimethylacetamide at 60–110 °C in very high yields with 0.3 mol % of Pd loading. According to different tests, such as polyvinylpyridine poisoning, hot filtration, and kinetic studies, this catalyst works under heterogeneous conditions. By magnetic separation of the catalyst, it can be recycled for six consecutive runs with only a small decrease in activity without appreciable structural modification of the reused catalyst, which is characterized by TEM and XPS.
Nitrogen‐doped Carbon Nanofibers for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Importance of the Iron Growth Catalyst Phase
Authors: Buan Marthe E. M. , Muthuswamy Navaneethan , Walmsley John C. , Chen De , Rønning Magnus 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA systematic evaluation of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on nitrogen‐doped carbon nanofibers (N‐CNFs) has been performed by tuning the properties of the N‐CNFs by using chemical vapor deposition. Analysis of the as‐synthesized N‐CNFs shows that the iron used as the growth catalyst consists of iron carbides, including Fe7C3, χ‐Fe5C2, and θ‐Fe3C, depending on the carbon activity of the synthesis feed. Furthermore, a relationship between the growth catalyst phase, the N‐CNF properties, and the electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction in acidic electrolyte is revealed. The best catalytic activity and selectivity was achieved if the N‐CNFs were grown from Hägg carbide, χ‐Fe5C2, suggesting that this carbide phase favors the incorporation of active sites into the N‐CNFs. Controlling the phase of the iron particles used as growth catalysts is therefore essential for obtaining N‐CNFs with a high active site density for the oxygen reduction reaction.
Fluid‐Solid Adsorption in Batch and Continuous Processing: A Review and Insights into Modeling
Authors: Russo Vincenzo , Trifuoggi Marco , Di Serio Martino , Tesser Riccardo 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAdsorption is a highly versatile separation technique that can be used both for product separation and waste purification, involving selective interaction of one or more compounds from the liquid phase on a solid called adsorbent. In literature, several models have been proposed to describe both the kinetics and the equilibrium data of different systems. These models are relevant for fluid‐solid adsorption and fluid‐solid reactions. Kinetic models can be classified in either pseudo‐kinetic or diffusive models. Most of them cannot be applied directly in simulating the behavior of continuous columns, while others are applicable only in a narrow range of experimental conditions. The performances of a general continuous adsorption model have been tested by performing a dedicated parametric investigation with the aim to give an overview of how the parameters affect the continuous operation.
Electrochemical Biosensing for the Diagnosis of Viral Infections and Tropical Diseases
Authors: Campuzano Susana , Yáñez‐Sedeño Paloma , Pingarrón José Manuel 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRapid and reliable diagnosis of viral infections and tropical diseases and timely initiation of appropriate treatment are essential for their successful clinical management. This Review summarizes some basic concepts regarding the main viral infection and tropical diseases to which society is facing today and the conventional methods available for their detection. The tremendous potential offered by electrochemical affinity biosensors to address this important challenge, meeting the required demands for viral infections and tropical diseases diagnosis, is clearly stated by discussing challenges, opportunities, implementation, and application of selected examples focused on the determination of specific biomarkers of different molecular (genetic, regulatory, and functional) levels. The highlighted approaches demonstrate the use of a plethora of specific receptors and assay formats and a great diversity of attractive electrochemical approaches in this rapidly advancing and highly interesting field.
Multichromophoric Perylenediimide–Silicon Phthalocyanine–C60 System as an Artificial Photosynthetic Analogue
Authors: Martín‐Gomis Luis , Peralta‐Ruiz Francisco , Thomas Michael B. , Fernández‐Lázaro Fernando , D'Souza Francis , Sastre‐Santos Ángela 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSequential photoinduced energy transfer followed by electron transfer and the formation of charge‐separated states, which are primary events of natural photosynthesis, have been demonstrated in a newly synthesized multichromophoric covalently linked triad, PDI‐SiPc‐C60. The triad comprises a perylenediimide (PDI), which primarily fulfils antenna and electron‐acceptor functionalities, silicon phthalocyanine (SiPc) as an electron donor, and fulleropyrrolidine (C60) as a second electron acceptor. The multi‐step convergent synthetic procedure developed here produced good yields of the triad and control dyads, PDI‐SiPc and SiPc‐C60. The structures and geometries of the newly synthesized donor–acceptor systems have been established from spectral, computational, and electrochemical studies with reference to appropriate control compounds. Ultrafast energy transfer from 1PDI* to SiPc in the case of PDI‐SiPc and PDI‐SiPc‐C60 was witnessed. An energy‐level diagram established from spectral and electrochemical data suggested the formation of two types of charge‐separated states, that is, PDI‐SiPc.+‐C60.− and PDI.−‐SiPc.+‐C60 from the 1SiPc* in the triad, with generation of the latter being energetically more favorable. However, photochemical studies involving femtosecond transient spectroscopy revealed the formation of PDI‐SiPc.+‐C60.− as a major charge‐separated product. This observation may be rationalized in terms of the closer spatial proximity to SiPc of C60 compared to PDI in the triad. The charge‐separated state persisted for a few nanoseconds prior to populating the 3SiPc* state during charge recombination.
Covalent‐Bond Formation via On‐Surface Chemistry
Authors: Held Philipp Alexander , Fuchs Harald , Studer Armido 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this Review article pioneering work and recent achievements in the emerging research area of on‐surface chemistry is discussed. On‐surface chemistry, sometimes also called two‐dimensional chemistry, shows great potential for bottom‐up preparation of defined nanostructures. In contrast to traditional organic synthesis, where reactions are generally conducted in well‐defined reaction flasks in solution, on‐surface chemistry is performed in the cavity of a scanning probe microscope on a metal crystal under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. The metal first acts as a platform for self‐assembly of the organic building blocks and in many cases it also acts as a catalyst for the given chemical transformation. Products and hence success of the reaction are directly analyzed by scanning probe microscopy. This Review provides a general overview of this chemistry highlighting advantages and disadvantages as compared to traditional reaction setups. The second part of the Review then focuses on reactions that have been successfully conducted as on‐surface processes. On‐surface Ullmann and Glaser couplings are addressed. In addition, cyclodehydrogenation reactions and cycloadditions are discussed and reactions involving the carbonyl functionality are highlighted. Finally, the first examples of sequential on‐surface chemistry are considered in which two different functionalities are chemoselectively addressed. The Review gives an overview for experts working in the area but also offers a starting point to non‐experts to enter into this exciting new interdisciplinary research field.
A METHOD OF RECONSTRUCTING HORIZONTALLY‐INHOMOGENEOUS IONOSPHERIC STRUCTURE USING HF SKY‐WAVE BACKSCATTER IONOGRAMS
Authors: Jing FENG , Bin‐Bin NI , Zheng‐Yu ZHAO , Wen LIU , Na WEI , Peng LOU 
Published: January 2017

AbstractHigh‐frequency (HF) sky‐wave backscatter sounding, as a powerful tool for detecting the ionosphere and studying the characteristics of radio channels, can be used to monitor the ionosphere continuously at a remote distance and to acquire the ionospheric parameters in a large area. Backscatter ionograms show the relationship between operating frequency, group path, and echo amplitude. Since an ionogram carries the information of the ionospheric profile along the detection path, the ionospheric parameters can be evaluated through the inversion technique. An algorithm for backscatter sounding ionogram inversion is developed based on the restriction of solution space to reconstruct the horizontally inhomogeneous structures of the ionosphere. Furthermore, the Newton‐Kontorovich method that generally treats nonlinear operator equations and the Tikhonov regularization method that generally deals with ill‐posed problems are effectively combined to resolve the equations. The algorithm can get a stable and unique solution under the solution space limitation. The algorithm we have developed was tested against both model data and observation data, and compared with the method of Fridman and Fridman (1994). Test results prove that the method in this paper has reliable convergence, is insensitive to measurement errors, and has higher accuracy for the inversion of ionospheric structures than the method of Fridman and Fridman (1994). Our algorithm not only can inverse horizontal changes in electron density under quiet conditions (at night or during the daytime at mid‐latitudes), but also can diagnose the horizontally inhomogeneous structures of the ionosphere during sunrise or sunset periods with high accuracy. This consequently demonstrates the application value of the proposed algorithm in the treatment of the complex and volatile measured backscatter ionograms.
INFLUENCES OF THERMAL FORCING OVER THE SLOPE/PLATFORM OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU ON ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON: NUMERICAL STUDIES WITH THE WRF MODEL
Authors: Zi‐Qian WANG , An‐Min DUAN , Mao‐Shan LI , Bian HE 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWith the global warming, the evolution of Asian summer monsoon (ASM) becomes more complicated, while the thermal effect of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is an important forcing to the variability of weather and climate in ASM region. Regional climate model (RCM) is a useful tool in the regional climate change research and has higher resolutions that can represent topography and land surface processes more accurately comparing with atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs). In this study, the impact of thermal forcing over different terrains of TP on ASM (including South and East ASM (SASM and EASM)) is investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Results indicate that the local circulation and precipitation around the Himalayas (HIM) are significantly influenced by the surface heating over the HIM's southern slope, which is a dominant factor for the formation of the north branch of SASM. Meanwhile, the climbing moist airflow and precipitation over the southern slope of TP are mainly induced by HIM's thermal forcing. Due to HIM's sloping heating, the upper‐level troposphere warm center is steadily located over the HIM area and the EASM is also intensified obviously (Characterized both by the enhanced low‐level southwesterly over East China and the enhanced southward anomalous dry‐cold northerly). As to the surface heating over TP's platform region (PL), although its influence on the summer monsoon circulation and precipitation is weaker than the HIM's, it induces a wider response of SASM and a stronger influence on the meridional Hadley circulation. The PL's heating is able to regulate low‐level southwesterly over the remote tropical ocean. Furthermore, a comparison of multiple monsoon indices reveals that both HIM sloping heating and PL heating can intensify SASM or EASM, but the impacts of thermal forcing over different terrains are distinct on the two subsystems of ASM.
3‐D INVERSION OF FREQUENCY‐DOMAIN CSEM DATA BASED ON GAUSS‐NEWTON OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Rong‐Hua PENG , Xiang‐Yun HU , Bo HAN 
Published: January 2017

AbstractQuantitative interpretation of large‐scale controlled‐source electromagnetic (CSEM) data in frequency domain requires efficient and stable 3D forward modeling and inversion codes. In this work, we present an efficient approach to 3D inversion of CSEM data, which is based on Gauss‐Newton (GN) optimization in combination with a direct solver for the forward modeling. In order to avoid computing and storing sensitivity matrix explicitly, a preconditioned conjugate gradient solver (PCG) is used to solve the system of the normal equations resulted from linearization at each GN iteration. This scheme only requires matrix‐vector products of Jocabian and its transpose with vectors, which are equivalent to one forward and one adjoint problem. Therefore the matrix factorization obtained when solving forward problem can be used in subsequent PCG process, which dramatically speeds up PCG iterations and reduces overall computational cost. Numerical experiments on synthetic data from land and marine CSEM surveying configurations show that our inversion scheme exhibits excellent convergence rate and only ten‐odd to tens of iterations are needed to reach desired data misfit, demonstrating its efficiency and stability.