bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soybean production and net revenue variability in an integrated crop–livestock system
Authors: Rushing J. Brett , Maples Joshua G. , Harvey Kelsey M. , Lyles Johnson C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe integration of grazing cover crops in combination with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production has the potential to increase total farm revenue. The objectives of this research were to determine the effect grazing had on subsequent soybean production and the economic implications of this practice. A field trial was conducted at the Coastal Plain Branch Experiment Station (CPBES) in Newton, MS, and the Prairie Research Unit (PRU) in Prairie, MS, from 2021 to 2023 to compare three cropping systems on two distinct soil types. Cropping systems included: conventional soybean (CS); no‐till soybean + cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop (CC); and no‐till soybean + grazed cereal rye cover crop (GC). Treatments were applied in a randomized complete block design with three replications at each location. Analysis was separated by location. Cover crop, soybean production, animal performance, and economic analysis were evaluated for each treatment. Soybean grain yield varied by treatment; GC (54.6 bu acre−1) was greater than CS (52.3 bu acre−1) at CPBES. At PRU, CS (68.5 bu acre−1) had greater soybean yield than all other treatments. Cover crop forage mass (FM) was 5077 lb acre−1 at CPBES, compared to 3094 lb acre−1 at PRU, resulting in subsequent cattle revenue of $593.64 and $160.29 acre−1 for CPBES and PRU, respectively. Soybean revenue was greatest for GC at CPBES ($691.78 acre−1) and CS at PRU ($867.89 acre−1). Net returns above production costs were greatest for GC at CPBES ($811.59 acre−1) and CS at PRU ($528.58 acre−1). Findings suggest grazing cereal rye cover crop has the potential to increase net returns in a no‐till soybean system on coarse textured soils, but reduces soybean grain yield on heavy, poorly drained sites.
Electrochemical Synthesis of Metal Complexes Using Dissolving Anodes
Authors: Nicholls Thomas P. , Jia Zhongfan , Chalker Justin M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe use of dissolving metal electrodes for the direct electrochemical synthesis of metal complexes has been used widely in the last decade. A major benefit of the electrochemical approach is the minimal by‐products resulting from the synthesis. As such, metal complexes can be produced on‐demand and used directly in catalysis without the need for purification. Furthermore, the electrochemical method enables the production of metal complexes that cannot be synthesized using other methods, including those with base‐sensitive ligands. General principles of the electrochemical method and recent advances in the field are discussed.
Towards New Anti‐Inflammatory Agents: Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Molecules Targeting XIAP‐BIR2
Authors: Farag Marc , Guedeney Nicolas , Schwalen Florian , Zadoroznyj Aymeric , Barczyk Amélie , Giret Martin , Antraygues Kevin , Wang Alice , Cornu Marie , Suzanne Peggy , Since Marc , Sophie Voisin‐Chiret Anne , Dubrez Laurence , Leleu‐Chavain Natascha , Kieffer Charline , Sopkova‐de Oliveira Santos Jana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe X‐chromosome‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) plays a crucial role in controlling cell survival across multiple regulated cell death pathways and coordinating a range of inflammatory signalling events. The discovery of selective inhibitors for XIAP‐BIR2, able to disrupt the direct physical interaction between XIAP and RIPK2, offer promising therapeutic options for NOD2‐mediated diseases like Crohn's disease, sarcoidosis, and Blau syndrome. The objective of this study was to design, synthesize, and evaluate small synthetic molecules with binding selectivity to XIAP‐BIR2 domain. To achieve this, we applied an interdisciplinary drug design approach and firstly we have synthesized an initial fragment library to achieve a first XIAP inhibition activity. Then using a growing strategy, larger compounds were synthesized and one of them presents a good selectivity for XIAP‐BIR2 versus XIAP‐BIR3 domain, compound 20 c. The ability of compound 20 c to block the NOD1/2 pathway was confirmed in cell models. These data show that we have synthesized molecules capable of blocking NOD1/2 signalling pathways in cellulo, and ultimately leading to new anti‐inflammatory compounds.
The Radiative Efficiency and Global Warming Potential of HCFC‐132b
Authors: Alvarado‐Jiménez Daniela , Pietropolli Charmet Andrea , Stoppa Paolo , Tasinato Nicola 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHydro‐chloro‐fluoro‐carbons (HCFCs) are potent greenhouse gases which strongly absorb the infrared (IR) radiation within the 8–12 μm atmospheric windows. Despite international policies schedule their phasing out by 2020 for developed countries and 2030 globally, HCFC‐132b (CH2ClCClF2) has been recently detected with significant atmospheric concentration. In this scenario, detailed climate metrics are of paramount importance for understanding the capacity of anthropogenic pollutants to contribute to global warming. In this work, the radiative efficiency (RE) of HCFC‐132b is experimentally measured for the first time and used to determine its global warming potential (GWP) over 20‐, 100‐ and 500‐year time horizon. Vibrational‐ and rotational‐spectroscopic properties of this molecule are first characterized by exploiting a synergism between Fourier‐transform IR (FTIR) spectroscopy experiments and quantum chemical calculations. Equilibrium geometry, rotational parameters and vibrational properties predicted theoretically beyond the double‐harmonic approximation are employed to assist the vibrational assignment of the experimental trace. Finally, FTIR spectra measured over a range of pressures are used to determine the HCFC‐132b absorption cross section spectrum from 150 to 3000 cm−1, from which istantaneous and effective REs are derived and, in turn, used for GWP evaluation.
Understanding the Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction Reaction Mechanism of Lattice Tuning of Copper by Silver Single‐Crystal Surface
Authors: Zheng Tao , Zhang Xia‐Guang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntermolecular interactions and adsorbate coverage on a metal electrode's surface/interface play an important role in CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). Herein, the activity and selectivity of CO2RR on bimetallic electrode, where a full monoatomic Cu layer covers on Ag surface (CuML/Ag) are investigated by using density functional theory calculations. The surface geometric and electronic structure results indicate that there is high electrocatalytic activity for CO2RR on the CuML/Ag electrode. Specifically, the CuML/Ag surface can accelerate the H2O and CO2 adsorption and hydrogenation while lowering the reaction energy of the rate‐determining step. The structure parameters of chemisorbed CO2 with and without H2O demonstrate that activated H2O not only promotes the C−O dissociation but also provides the protons required for CO2RR on the CuML/Ag electrode surface. Furthermore, the various reaction mechanism diagrams indicate that the CuML/Ag electrode has high selectivity for CO2RR, and the efficiency of products can be regulated by modulating the reaction's electric potential.
Aluminum Fluorides as Noncovalent Lewis Acids in Proteins: The Case of Phosphoryl Transfer Enzymes
Authors: Burguera Sergi , Vidal Lenin , Bauzá Antonio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Protein Data Bank (PDB) was scrutinized for the presence of noncovalent O ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ Al Triel Bonding (TrB) interactions, involving protein residues (e. g. GLU and GLN), adenosine/guanine diphosphate moieties (ADP and GDP), water molecules and two aluminum fluorides (AlF3 and AlF4−). The results were statistically analyzed, revealing a vast number of O ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ Al contacts in the active sites of phosphoryl transfer enzymes, with a marked directionality towards the Al σ‐/π‐hole. The physical nature of the TrBs studied herein was analyzed using Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP) maps, the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM), the Non Covalent Interaction plot (NCIplot) visual index and Natural Bonding Orbital (NBO) studies. As far as our knowledge extends, it is the first time that O ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ Al TrBs are analyzed within a biological context, participating in protein trapping mechanisms related to phosphoryl transfer enzymes. Moreover, since they are involved in the stabilization of aluminum fluorides inside the protein's active site, we believe the results reported herein will be valuable for those scientists working in supramolecular chemistry, catalysis and rational drug design.
A Double Lysis Method for Animal Rotavirus RNA Extraction From Stool Samples
Authors: Acquah Maame Ekua , Adadey Samuel Mawuli , Languon Sylvester , Quaye Osbourne 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGlobally, porcine rotavirus is a leading cause of gastroenteritis in nursing and post‐weaning piglets, as well as adult pigs. Between February 2015 and June 2016, 156 fecal samples were collected from pigs in the Northeastern part of Accra, Ghana, and screened for Group A rotavirus using the ProflowTM Kit. Here, we describe different extraction methods that were employed to recover high‐quality RNA for downstream analysis, with emphasis on a novel hybrid extraction method. The hybrid approach with a kit and manual extraction method led to a 10‐fold greater RNA yield versus the kit‐based method alone. The new extraction method gave an average purity ratio (A260/A280) of 1.8, which was also significantly higher than that obtained solely from the manual or kit‐based extraction methods. Our novel hybrid approach will be useful in the extraction of rotavirus from animal fecal samples, thus improving the yield of RNA for downstream analysis. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Hybrid 2: A double lysis method for RNA extraction from animal stool samplesSupport Protocol 1: The GenElute extraction methodSupport Protocol 2: Hybrid 1 extraction method
Differential physiological and metabolic responses to drought stress and post‐stress recovery for annual bluegrass and creeping bentgrass
Authors: McBride Sean , Rossi Stephanie , Huang Bingru 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAnnual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) and creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) commonly coexist in turfgrass ecosystems but differ in drought tolerance, contributing to uneven turf quality. This study was conducted to examine the physiological and metabolic responses of P. annua and A. stolonifera to drought stress and rewatering and identify major metabolites associated with the interspecific variation in drought tolerance and recovery. Plants grown in controlled‐environment chambers were well irrigated (non‐stress control) or subjected to drought stress by withholding irrigation for 21 days. For the evaluation of post‐stress recovery, drought‐stressed plants were rewatered for an additional 21 days. Leaf relative water content, visual turf quality, green canopy cover, and leaf electrolyte leakage were measured weekly. Metabolomic analysis was performed with leaf tissue collected at 21 days of drought stress and 21 days of rewatering. Poa annua demonstrated lower drought tolerance and post‐stress recovery compared to A. stolonifera when drought‐stressed plants were compared to their respective control across physiological parameters. Metabolomic analysis identified a relatively greater upregulation of sugars and amino acids in A. stolonifera and downregulation of more carbon intermediates and nucleic acids in P. annua in response to drought stress. Upon rewatering, both species had declined sugar content and increased carbon intermediates and nucleic acids. The differential response to drought stress and recovery between A. stolonifera and P. annua could be attributed to a greater accumulation of sugars and amino acids involved in osmotic adjustment during drought stress and their utilization upon rewatering to stimulate post‐stress recovery in A. stolonifera.
Can corporate social responsibility increase person organizational fit and extra role behavior that impacts sustainability
Authors: Winarno Alex , Hia Ahmad Kultur , Waruwu Nurdelima , Gadzali Silvy Sondari , Hermana Deni 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSustainability has become a collective responsibility, including in higher education. However, the conceptual framework for designing strategies such as corporate social responsibility (CSR) is highly complex. Integrating CSR activities into organizational governance is relatively new in higher education. Further studies are needed to place CSR into the organizational structure functionally. The research objective is to clarify the integration of CSR to improve the person organizational fit (POF) and encourage extra‐role behavior. A causal study was conducted by surveying 487 staff and lecturers selected based on multistage random sampling in West Java and Banten region private universities, Indonesia. Analysis using structural equation model (SEM) with maximum likelihood estimation method. The finding is that internal and external CSR have different functions that support improving POF and extra‐role behavior. External CSR helps identify values and norms that form the basis of POF. Internal CSR legitimize the values demonstrated by the institution based on the benefits felt by staff and lecturers. CSR integration encourages value congruence and feedback through extra roles in higher education institutions. The research contributions are explaining the formation of extra behavior in higher education according to the views of social identity theory and norm activation theory on the formation of employee behavior, which ultimately encourages sustainability in higher education.
Corporate social responsibility, ownership structure, and corporate governance—An analysis of the Brazilian firm
Authors: Forte Hyane Correia , Crisóstomo Vicente Lima , López‐Iturriaga Félix Javier 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUnder the agency and stakeholder theories, this study analyzes the influence of ownership structure and corporate governance (CG) on the Brazilian firm corporate social responsibility (CSR), taking into account that shareholders' and other stakeholders' interests may matter for CSR. For a sample of 796 firm‐year observations from firms listed on the Brazilian stock exchange, in the period 2010–2022, models are estimated using feasible generalized least squares. Results signal that higher ownership concentration favors CSR performance. Furthermore, shareholding control configuration also matters for CSR. In accordance with the positive effect of high ownership concentration, firms with dominant control tend to adopt strategies that promote CSR policy, possibly seeking improvement of firm image and reputation. On the other hand, dispersed control inhibits firm CSR. Perhaps, minority shareholders are more short‐term oriented and do not trust in short‐term return from CSR. Additionally, the findings indicate that CG positively influences the extent of firm CSR.
Corporate social responsibility sophistication: Company‐specific drivers among early and late adopters
Authors: Kunkel Kyra , Wigge Katharina , Lueg Rainer 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study examines the internal company drivers of corporate social responsibility (CSR) sophistication from a diffusion theory perspective. Bertram et al.'s (2015) framework on implementation drivers of innovations is used as our basis to operationalize the internal company drivers influencing CSR sophistication. We conduct fixed‐effects regressions on a sample of 1919 international for‐profit companies listed on the STOXX 1800 index (17,848 company years over the period 2002–2020) and explore several sub‐portfolios. This study finds that management training, board skills, CEO compensation based on total shareholder return, and quality management systems drive CSR sophistication. Management training is the strongest and most consistent driver. Our analyses show that the effects of the identified drivers are strongest for portfolios of companies with previously low CSR sophistication. Moreover, early adopters appear to be motivated to utilize CSR for both economic reasons and legitimacy. While we find that board members with a finance background improve CSR sophistication, we also show that this increase mainly stems from improving governance practices. Last, we show that CSR sophistication notably increased over time, and parallel with the per capita wealth of the country that hosts its headquarters. Overall, this study is the first to investigate the internal company drivers of non‐binary CSR sophistication using large‐scale panel data, thereby exploring the effects of early/late adoption and the individual pillars of E, S, and G.
Adaptive evolution and functional significance of the PPARGC1A gene across diverse animal species
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Mahdi , Ullah Farman , Ahmad Muhammad Zulfiqar , Pasandideh Majid , Liang Aixin , Hua Guohua , Yang Liguo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCodon‐based analyses of the PPARGC1A gene across 38 vertebrate species were deployed to elucidate patterns of evolutionary change. Employing maximum likelihood assessments through MEGA, we scrutinized 447 codon positions addressing the entire coding region, excluding positions mired by gaps or missing data. Distinct codons manifested variance in selection pressures, particularly codons 4, 11, 66, and 123, which exhibited positive dN‐dS values suggestive of positive selection. Codon 137 displayed the most pronounced dN‐dS value, signifying intensified selective advantage. Meanwhile, codons 30 and 90 portrayed near‐neutral scores, indicative of purifying selection. Complementary computational methods (IFEL, REL, FUBAR, and SLAC) confirmed positive selection at specific codon sites, with varying degrees of corroboration. The integration of mixed‐effect modeling (MEME) identified episodic diversifying selection, pinpointing codons that underwent selection episodes in certain lineages. Refined codon model selection lent insight into substitution rates, revealing nuanced degrees of evolutionary conservation among different codons. Supporting these genetic insights, the phylogenetic analysis highlighted relationships among the PPARGC1A sequences and domain analysis confirmed conserved features across species, while protein–protein interaction networks suggested a complex web of functional interdependencies. These findings advance our understanding of the PPARGC1A gene's evolutionary trajectory and underscore the gene's potential adaptive significance within diverse vertebrate lineages.
Changes in Soil Bacterial and Fungal Community Composition and Functional Groups During the Artificial Restoration of Degraded Grassland of “Black‐Soil Mountain”
Authors: Xie Lele , Ma Yushou , Wang Yanlong , Ma Yuan , Wang Xiaoli 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAbout 35% of grassland in Sanjiangyuan area of China has degenerated into black‐soil mountain. Artificial grassland is considered to be an effective measure to alleviate the severely degraded grassland in the alpine region of the three rivers and has been widely used. However, the pattern, potential function, and changes of carbon and nitrogen contents of soil microorganisms in degraded grassland in Heimushan by planting artificial grassland are still unclear. In this study, mixed‐sown artificial alpine grassland (AG) was the focus of our study, whereas degraded black‐soil mountain grassland (BG) and natural alpine grassland (NG) served as controls. Illumina 16S and ITS gene sequence analyses were used to analyze the community structure of the soil bacteria and fungi. The functional groups of NG, AG, and BG were predicted using the FAPROTAX and FUNGuild databases. In addition, the levels of soil carbon, nitrogen, and soil enzyme activities were evaluated. The results indicated a significant increase in the aboveground biomass of BG due to the planting artificial grassland. Moreover, the contents of total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) increased in the soil. Planting artificial grasslands changed the composition of bacterial and fungal communities. Among these, the bacterial community was more sensitive to planting artificial grasslands. The relative abundance of bacterial functional groups involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling changed significantly, suggesting that bacteria may play a role in regulating nutrient cycling during artificial grassland planting. Soil TC, TN, LAP, and affected the microbial community structure related to carbon and nitrogen. and β‐1,4‐glucosidase were carbon and nitrogen factors, respectively, that affected functional changes in fungi. These results indicate that planting artificial grasslands can effectively enhance the productivity of degraded black‐soil mountain and regulate soil microbial communities and soil physical and chemical properties.
Host Resistance and Behavior Determine Invasion Dynamics of a Detrimental Aquatic Disease
Authors: Koivu‐Jolma Mikko , Kortet Raine , Vainikka Anssi , Kaitala Veijo 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the role of variation in host resistance and the multitude of transmission modes of parasites infecting hosts with complex behavioral interactions is essential for the control of emerging diseases. We used a discrete stage model to study the invasion dynamics of crayfish plague—an example of a detrimental disease—into a naïve host population that displays within‐population variation in resistance of environmental infections and juvenile classes that are safe from contacts with adults. In the model, infection sources include four age classes of crayfish, contaminated carcasses, and free‐dwelling zoospores. Disease transmission occurs via environment with a threshold infection density and through contacts, cannibalism, and scavenging of disease‐killed conspecifics. Even if the infection is fatal, coexistence of the host and the parasite can be facilitated by variance of resistance and survival of the hiding juveniles. The model can be applied in the control of emerging diseases especially in crayfish‐like organisms.