bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Microbial Communities in Acidified, Sulfur Containing Soils
Authors: CZERWONKA GRZEGORZ , KONIECZNA IWONA , ŻARNOWIEC PAULINA , ZIELIŃSKI ARTUR , MALINOWSKA-GNIEWOSZ AGNIESZKA , GAŁUSZKA AGNIESZKA , MIGASZEWSKI ZDZISŁAW , KACA WIESŁAW 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Over a period of three years, microbial communities in acidified soil with high sulfur content were analyzed. In soil water extracts ureolytic, proteolytic, oxidoreductive, and lipolytic activity were detected. The presented results indicate that the enzymatic activity of soil microbial communities varied considerably over time. Isolated 26 (80%) bacterial strains belonged to genus Bacillus sp. and were identified by cultivation and 16S rRNA methods. The commercially available procedures for bacterial DNA isolation from acidified soil failed, therefore a new, specific DNA isolation method was established. Ureolytic activity, detected in soil extracts as well as in isolated Bacillus sp. strains may be considered as a tool for the bioremediation of acidified soils with high sulfate content.
Analyses of Plasmids Harbouring Quinolone Resistance Determinants in Enterobacteriaceae Members
Authors: ERAC BAYRI , YILMAZ FETHIYE FERDA , OZTURK ISMAIL , AYDEMIR SABIRE SOHRET , HOSGOR-LIMONCU MINE 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the plasmid characteristics of eight clinical Enterobacteriaceae strains containing extended broad spectrum beta-lactamases and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance. Plasmids were transferred by conjugation or transformation and resistance determinants were investigated by PCR. We showed that at least one plasmid harbouring qnrB or qnrS determinant was transferred by conjugation in five isolates. QepA determinant was confirmed to be on a non-conjugative plasmid. We found at least one beta-lactamase gene in seven of the eight clinical isolates having plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance, which indicated that these two resistance determinants were mostly on the same conjugative plasmids.
Metagenomic Profiling of the Bacterial Community Changes from Koji to Mash Stage in the Brewing of Soy Sauce
Authors: WANG HONGBIN , WEI QUANZENG , GUI SHUQI , FENG YONGRUI , ZHANG YONG , LIU YIHAN , LU FUPING 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The improvement of soy sauce fermentation is restricted by the insufficient information on bacterial community. In this study, bacterial communities in the koji and mash stage were compared based on next-generation sequencing technology. A total of 29 genera were identified in the koji stage, while 34 in the mash stage. After koji stage, 7 genera disappeared and 12 new genera appeared in the mash stage. The dominant bacteria were Kurthia, Weissella and Staphylococcus in the koji stage and Staphylococcus, Kurthia, Enterococcus and Leuconostoc in the mash stage. The results provided insights into the microbial communities involved in soy sauce fermentation.
Effect of Lyophilization on Survivability and Growth Kinetic of Trichoderma Strains Preserved on Various Agriculture By-Products
Authors: WITKOWSKA DANUTA , BUSKA-PISAREK KATARZYNA , ŁABA WOJCIECH , PIEGZA MICHAŁ , KANCELISTA ANNA 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Growth kinetics of four Trichoderma strains was tested on lignocellulosic by-products in solid state fermentation (SSF). The strains were also analyzed for their survival rate and growth after lyophilization on these carriers. All applied monocomponent and bicomponent media were substrates for the production and preservation of Trichoderma biomass. However, the maximum number of colony forming units (CFU/g dm) was acquired on bicomponent media based on dried grass and beet pulp or grass with corn cobs, when compared to monocomponent media. Although the process of lyophilization reduced the survival rate by 50–60%, the actual number of viable cells in obtained biopreparations remained relatively high (0.58 × 108 – 1.68 × 108 CFU/g dm). The studied strains in the preserved biopreparations were characterized by a high growth rate, as evaluated in microcultures using the Bioscreen C system.
Intracellular Siderophore Detection in an Egyptian, Cobalt-Treated F. solani Isolate Using SEM-EDX with Reference to its Tolerance
Authors: RASHA FARRAG M. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
An Egyptian, plant pathogenic Fusarium solani isolate was grown on cobalt concentrations of 0, 50, 200, 500, 800, and 1000 ppm. The isolate survived concentrations up to 800 ppm, however failed to grow at 1000 ppm. Morphology and elemental analysis of the isolate under the investigated Co concentrations were studied using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX). The isolate reserved its morphology up to a concentration of 200 ppm. Morphological distortions were dramatic at 500 and 800 ppm. EDX detected Co uptake through the hyphae, microconidia, macroconidia, and chlamydospores. Iron, calcium, and potassium were also detected. EDX results showed a linear relationship between Co% and Fe% up to a concentration of 500 ppm reflecting the possible ability of the isolate to synthesize intracellular siderophores storing iron and their release from the vacuoles. The participation of such siderophores in conferring tolerance against cobalt is discussed. At 800 ppm, the % of Fe was greatly reduced with an accompanying increase in morphological distortions and absence of microconidia. Increasing the implicated cobalt concentrations resulted in increasing the percentages of the chelated cobalt reflecting the possible implication of the cell wall as well as extracellular siderophores in the uptake of cobalt. The current results recommend the absence of cobalt in any control regime taken to combat the investigated F. solani isolate and highlights the accomplishment of biochemical, ultrastructural, and molecular studies on such isolate to approve the production of siderophores and the role of cell wall in cobalt uptake.
Influence of Pseudomonas and Bacillus Strains Isolated from Lolium perenne Rhizospheric Soil in Vojvodina (Serbia) on Planth Growth and Soil Microbial Communities
Authors: STAMENOV DRAGANA R. , DJURIC SIMONIDA , HAJNAL-JAFARI TIMEA , ANDJELKOVIC SNEŽANA 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study was the isolation of Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. strains from rhizospheric soil and monitoring the impact of two isolates denoted as P12 (Pseudomonas sp.) and B1 (Bacillus sp.) on the parameters of English ryegrass (Lolium perenne) yield and activity of the soil microbial communities. During 2012–2014, a plot experiment was set up following the randomized block system. Better effect on the plant growth was recorded with the use of Pseudomonas sp. P12 isolate than with Bacillus sp. B1. Positive effect on the increase in the total number of microorganisms, aminoheterotrophs and azotobacter was also achieved. Bacillus sp. B1 increased only the number of actimycetes. Both isolates positively affected dehydrogenase activity (DHA).
The Serological Surveillance of Hepatitis E virus among Hunters and Foresters in Eastern Poland
Authors: WEINER MARCIN , TOKARSKA-RODAK MAŁGORZATA , PLEWIK DOROTA , PAŃCZUK ANNA , SZEPELUK ADAM , KRAJEWSKA MONIKA 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The aim of the study was the analysis of the occurrence of specific antibodies against HEV among hunters and foresters who are at risk to be exposed. The study group consisted of 210 hunters (23–80 years old) and 60 foresters (22–64 years old). Anti-HEV IgG were present in 3.81% of the samples of the hunters and in 5% of the samples of the foresters. The statistical analysis shows no significant differences in the results anti-HEV IgG between the groups of hunters and foresters (p = 0.5278). Significantly higher anti-HEV IgG titers were found in the older age group (> 55 years old).
Potencial antimicrobiano de extratos e moléculas isolados de plantas da Caatinga: uma revisão
Authors: Mota de Mesquita Maria Otammires , Farias Pinto Tatiana Maria , Fernandes Moreira Raulzito 
Published: January 2018

A Caatinga é um bioma exclusivo do Brasil e ocupa 800.000 km². A cobertura vegetal é representada por formações xerófilas muito diversificadas. Sua biota é rica em espécies endêmicas, e apresenta potencial medicinal, com espécies que possuem substâncias capazes de inibir o crescimento de microrganismos patogênicos, o que vem despertando o interesse científico. O presente trabalho objetivou analisar o desenvolvimento do conhecimento científico sobre o potencial antimicrobiano de plantas da Caatinga. Foram analisados 51 artigos, no período entre 1999 a 2017, nos idiomas português e inglês, com buscas nas Bases de Dados PubMed e Portal de Periódicos CAPES. Ao todo, 48 famílias botânicas com 167 espécies foram alvo de estudos, sendo, a família Fabaceae a mais citada, com 45 espécies e, desta, Mimosa foi o gênero de maior ocorrência, com 5 espécies. Entre os microrganismos inibidos, por maior número de extratos, estão Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli e Candida albicans. Os diferentes trabalhos citados aqui evidenciam a potencial aplicação de extratos ou moléculas de plantas oriundas da Caatinga, utilizadas para o desenvolvimento de drogas para tratamentos. Entretanto, esse levantamento evidenciou que, ainda são poucos os relatos sobre o isolamento de princípios ativos, ficando clara a necessidade de mais estudos sobre o assunto.
El diseño constitucional de los derechos educativos ante los retos presentes y futuros
Authors: Vidal Prado Carlos 
Published: January 2018

ResumenSe analizan en este trabajo las frecuentes disputas políticas y en la opinión pública española sobre el derecho a la educación y la libertad de enseñanza garantizados en la Constitución española. Si se hace una lectura rigurosa y racional del artículo 27 de la Constitución se puede comprobar que contiene una serie de elementos que son básicos para poder alcanzar acuerdos en este ámbito. Si se quiere alcanzar un pacto educativo para que la legislación educativa en España tenga más estabilidad, no debería abandonarse la senda del consenso que se recorrió al elaborar el artículo 27, que busca un equilibrio entre las distintas posiciones políticas e ideológicas en relación al sistema educativo, garantizando las diversas dimensiones del derecho, especialmente la dimensión de derecho social de prestación y la de derecho de libertad Summary:I. Education, subject of frequent political disputes. II. Dimensions of the right to education and the state’s role. III. The object of education determined in the constitution and the intensity of its effectiveness. IV. Is a constitutional reform necessary in the field of educational rights? .Abstract:This work discusses the frequent disputes in Spanish politic and public opinion on the right to education and freedom of education guaranteed in the Spanish Constitution. If we made a rigorous and rational reading of article 27 of the Constitution can verify that it contains a number of elements that are essential to be able to reach agreements in this area. If political parties want to reach a Education Pact so that the educational legislation in Spain acquires greater stability, should not leave the path of consensus which toured to elaborate on article 27, which seeks a balance between the different political and ideological positions relative to the efficiency of education, guaranteeing the different dimensions of the right to education, especially the dimension of social right and the dimension of freedom.
El Estado Social 40 años después: la desconstitucionalización del programa constitucional
Authors: Maestro Buelga Gonzalo 
Published: January 2018

Resumen:El trabajo analiza las tensiones entre los elementos propios del Estado social insertos en las diversas constituciones de los Estados europeos y los condicionantes económicos impuestos por la Unión europea, especialmente en los últimos años de crisis económica. Uno de los ejemplos estudiados es el de la constitucionalización del principio de estabilidad presupuestaria. Se sostiene en el texto que se ha «desconstitucionalizado» el estado social en España, como consecuencia de estas reformas acometidas en los años de la crisis económica, de manera que se han vaciado de contenido las cláusulas del Estado social previstas en nuestra Constitución.Summary:1. Introduction 2. The meaning of the welfare state clause in the Spanish Constitution of 1978. 3. The rupture in the way social status. 4. The global form of market and the deconstitucionalization of the welfare state.Abstract:The paper analyzes tensions between elements of the Welfare State inserts in the various constitutions of the European States and the economic conditions imposed by the European Union, especially in the last years of economic crisis. One of the studied examples is the constitutionalization of the principle of budgetary stability. It says in the text that it has «deconstitutionalized» the Welfare State in Spain, as a result of these reforms undertaken in the years of the economic crisis, so have emptied of content clauses of the Welfare State provided for in our Constitution.
Una aproximación al derecho fundamental a la propiedad privada desde una perspectiva multinivel
Authors: Sarrión Esteve Joaquín 
Published: January 2018

Resumen:El derecho a la propiedad forma parte indiscutible de la historia y evolución del constitucionalismo, y encuentra su reconocimiento en el artículo 33 de la Constitución Española delimitado por su función social. Cuando se van a cumplir 40 años de nuestra Carta Magna es un buen momento para realizar una revisión de su configuración en nuestro sistema constitucional y, teniendo en cuenta la apertura de nuestro texto constitucional, aproximarnos al mismo desde una perspectiva multinivel, atendiendo por tanto a la importancia de su configuraciónen el nivel externo, en especial en el Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos y en el Derecho de la Unión Europea.Summary:1. Motivation. 2. Private property at the internal level. Special atention to its configuration within the spanish constitution. 3. Private property at the external level. Special atention to its configuration within the echr and the eu law. 4. Concluding remarks. 5. Bibliographic references.Abstract:The right to property is an indisputable part of the Constitutionalism’s history and evolution. It is recognised in the artículo 33 of the Spanish Constitution where it is delimited by its social function. In a moment when we are going to celebrate our Constitution’s 40th anniversary, it is a good time to carry out a review of its configuration in our constitutional system. And taking into account the opening of our constitutional text, it is also important to approach to it from a multilevel perspective, i.e., taking into account the importance of its configuration at the external level, in particular the European Conventionon Human Rights and the European Union law.
Las prestaciones de atención a la dependencia y su consideración como derechos sociales
Authors: Alemán Bracho Carmen , Alonso Seco José María 
Published: January 2018

Resumen:El estudio se refiere a las prestaciones de atención a la dependencia establecidas en España por la Ley 39/2006, de 14 de diciembre, de Promoción de la Autonomía Personal y Atención a las personas en situación de dependencia y por las nuevas Leyes autonómicas de servicios sociales. Después de describir brevemente dichas prestaciones, se analiza el carácter de derechos sociales que pueden tener en la Constitución, en la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional y en la legislación estatal y autonómica.Summary:1. Introduction. 2. Dependency benefits. 2.1 Conceptual approach. 2.2 Consideration as «social assistance» benefits. 3. Dependency benefits as social rights. 3.1 Constitution and jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court. 3.2 State and autonomous legislation. 4. Conclusion. 5. Bibliographical references.Abstract:The study addresses the dependency benefits established in Spain by the Law 39/2006, of 14 December, on the Promotion of Personal Autonomy and Care for people in a situation of dependence and by other recent regional social services laws. Initially, we analyze how these benefits are incorporated into the Spanish legal system as a result of international external influences. Furthermore, we evaluate the nature of social rights in the Constitution, in the Constitutional Court jurisprudence, and in the state and regional legislation.
Una aproximación al constitucionalismo latinoamericano, características principales y nuevas tendencias
Authors: Hakansson Carlos 
Published: January 2018

Resumen:El presente trabajo es una primera aproximación a las diversas manifestacionesdel constitucionalismo en América Latina, a partir de algunas referencias comunes: Revolución Francesa, Derecho Comparado y alusiones a la modernidad. Summary:I. The common traits of the latin american constitutions. II. Content of the latin american constitutions. III. The degree of modernity of the latin american constitutions. IV. Constitutional trends. V. An approach to ibero-american presidential model. VI. Prospects for latin american constitutionalism.Abstract:The present paper is a first approximation on the diverse manifestations of the constitutionalism in Latin America, starting from some common references: French Revolution, Comparative Law, and allusions to modernity.
Preventive effects ofSalvia officinalisleaf extract on insulin resistance and inflammation in a model of high fat diet-induced obesity in mice that responds to rosiglitazone
Authors: Ben Khedher Mohamed R. , Hammami Mohamed , Arch Jonathan R.S. , Hislop David C. , Eze Dominic , Wargent Edward T. , Kępczyńska Małgorzata A. , Zaibi Mohamed S. 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundSalvia officinalis(sage) is a native plant to the Mediterranean region and has been used for a long time in traditional medicine for various diseases. We investigated possible anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity effects of sage methanol (MetOH) extract in a nutritional mouse model of obesity, inflammation and insulin resistance, as well as its effects on lipolysis and lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells.MethodsDiet-induced obese (DIO) mice were treated for five weeks with sage methanol extract (100 and 400 mg kg−1/day bid), or rosiglitazone (3 mg kg−1/day bid), as a positive control. Energy expenditure, food intake, body weight, fat mass, liver glycogen and lipid content were evaluated. Blood glucose, and plasma levels of insulin, lipids leptin and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were measured throughout the experiment. The effects of sage MetOH extract on lipolysis and lipogenesis were testedin vitroin 3T3-L1 cells.ResultsAfter two weeks of treatment, the lower dose of sage MetOH extract decreased blood glucose and plasma insulin levels during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). An insulin tolerance test (ITT), performed at day 29 confirmed that sage improved insulin sensitivity. Groups treated with low dose sage and rosiglitazone showed very similar effects on OGTT and ITT. Sage also improved HOMA-IR, triglycerides and NEFA. Treatment with the low dose increased the plasma levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 and reduced the plasma level of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-12, TNF-α, and KC/GRO. The GC analysis revealed the presence of two PPARs agonist in sage MetOH extract.In vitro, the extract reduced in a dose-related manner the accumulation of lipid droplets; however no effect on lipolysis was observed.ConclusionsSage MetOH extract at low dose exhibits similar effects to rosiglitazone. It improves insulin sensitivity, inhibits lipogenesis in adipocytes and reduces inflammation as judged by plasma cytokines. Sage presents an alternative to pharmaceuticals for the treatment of diabetes and associated inflammation.
DESICCATION AND DOMINATION: SCIENCE AND
STRUGGLES OVER ENVIRONMENT AND
DEVELOPMENT IN COLONIAL GUINEA
Authors: FAIRHEAD JAMES , LEACH MELISSA 
Published: July 2002

Concern about desiccation – the effects of deforestation on climate
and soils – was an early and pervasive theme in colonial science, present at the
onset of West Africa's colonial era and with roots in previous centuries.
As a set of scientists' ideas linked to soil and forest conservation policy, the
impact of desiccationism was initially muted, struggling unsuccessfully in
nascent administrations with more pressing political and administrative
agendas. But by the end of the colonial period it can be argued that anxiety
about desiccation had become a cornerstone of development practice and
state penetration. This article uses a case study to consider the transformation
of the status of the ‘science’ of desiccation within colonial development
agendas, the responses this transformation eventually provoked and its
enduring legacy.Our reflections here complement what has, in West African studies,
become a general consensus about shifts in colonial forest policy. From the
outset, many colonial administrations – both francophone and anglophone –
were concerned both about the effects of forest loss on climate, hydrology
and soils, and about the effects of ‘irrational and wasteful’ exploitation of
forest as an economic resource. But early policy imperatives to establish
reserves either failed to reach the implementation stage or could not be
implemented due to the resistance they engendered, both from populations
and indeed from agricultural or political administrations. A significant phase
of reservation, at least in West Africa's humid forest and transition zones,
began only in the late 1920s and early 1930s, and was pursued until the mid
1950s by colonial states which increasingly gained the strength to impose
unpopular policy despite resistance. From this perspective, and given that
nationalist sentiments in pre-independence struggles were often pitted
against repressive colonial forest services, it could be hypothesized that
independence would bring regimes more responsive to local concerns and
more likely to heed resistance. Yet such a view, focusing simply on state
capacity in changing political contexts, overlooks qualitative changes in the
configuration of science-policy relationships within the state, a
reconfiguration that it is necessary to grasp if we are to understand how post-colonial forest policy was less a rupture than a continuation or, indeed,
reinforcement.