bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical communication with the inside of cells using micro-patterned vertical carbon nanofibre electrodes
Authors: Rawson F. J. , Cole M. T. , Hicks J. M. , Aylott J. W. , Milne W. I. , Collins C. M. , Jackson S. K. , Silman N. J. , Mendes P. M. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWith the rapidly increasing demands for ultrasensitive biodetection, the design and applications of new nano-scale materials for development of sensors based on optical and electrochemical transducers have attracted substantial interest. In particular, given the comparable sizes of nanomaterials and biomolecules, there exist plenty of opportunities to develop functional nanoprobes with biomolecules for highly sensitive and selective biosensing, shedding new light on cellular behaviour. Towards this aim, herein we interface cells with patterned nano-arrays of carbon nanofibers forming a nanosensor-cell construct. We show that such a construct is capable of electrochemically communicating with the intracellular environment.
Evidence of genotypic adaptation to the exposure to volcanic risk at the dopamine receptor DRD4 locus
Authors: Faurie Charlotte , Mettling Clement , Ali Bchir Mohamed , Hadmoko Danang Sri , Heitz Carine , Lestari Evi Dwi , Raymond Michel , Willinger Marc 
Published: December 2016

AbstractHumans have colonized and adapted to extremely diverse environments, and the genetic basis of some such adaptations, for example to high altitude, is understood. In some cases, local or regional variation in selection pressure could also cause behavioural adaptations. Numerous genes influence behaviour, such as alleles at the dopamine receptor locus D4 (DRD4), which are associated with attitude toward risk in experimental settings. We demonstrate genetic differentiation for this gene, but not for five unlinked microsatellite loci, between high- and low risk environments around Mount Merapi, an active volcano in Java, Indonesia. Using a behavioural experiment, we further show that people inhabiting the high risk environment are significantly more risk averse. We provide evidence of a genetic basis for this difference, showing that heterozygotes at the DRD4 locus are more risk averse than either homozygotes. In the high risk environment, allele frequencies are equilibrated, generating a high frequency of heterozygotes. Thus it appears that overdominance (i.e. selective advantage of heterozygotes) generates negative frequency dependent selection, favouring the rarer allele at this locus. Our results therefore provide evidence for adaptation to a marginal habitat through the selection of a neurocognitive trait with a genetic basis.
Uterine glands impact uterine receptivity, luminal fluid homeostasis and blastocyst implantation
Authors: Kelleher Andrew M. , Burns Gregory W. , Behura Susanta , Wu Guoyao , Spencer Thomas E. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractUterine glands are essential for pregnancy in mice and likely humans, because they secrete or transport bioactive substances that regulate uterine receptivity for blastocyst implantation. In mice, the uterus becomes receptive to blastocyst implantation on day 4, but is refractory by day 5. Here, blastocysts could be recovered from progesterone-induced uterine gland (PUGKO) but not wildtype (WT) mice on day 5 post-mating. Anti-adhesive Muc1 protein and microvilli were present on the luminal epithelium of PUGKO but not WT uteri. A number of known uterine receptivity genes and gland-specific genes were altered in the PUGKO uterus. Next, the uterus and uterine luminal fluid (ULF) were obtained from WT and PUGKO mice on day 3, 4 and 5. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 580 genes were decreased in the PUGKO uterus, however ULF secrotome analysis revealed that many proteins and several amino acids were increased in the PUGKO ULF. Of note, many proteins encoded by many gland-specific genes were not identified in the ULF of WT mice. These results support the ideas that uterine glands secrete factors that regulate ULF homeostasis and interact with other cell types in the uterus to influence uterine receptivity and blastocyst implantation for the establishment of pregnancy.
Towards nano-optical tweezers with graphene plasmons: Numerical investigation of trapping 10-nm particles with mid-infrared light
Authors: Zhang Jianfa , Liu Wenbin , Zhu Zhihong , Yuan Xiaodong , Qin Shiqiao 
Published: December 2016

AbstractGraphene plasmons are rapidly emerging as a versatile platform for manipulating light at the deep subwavelength scale. Here we show numerically that strong optical near-field forces can be generated under the illumination of mid-IR light when dielectric nanoparticles are located in the vicinity of a nanostructured graphene film. These near-field forces are attributed to the excitation of the graphene’s plasmonic mode. The optical forces can generate an efficient optical trapping potential for a 10-nm-diameter dielectric particle when the light intensity is only about about 4.4 mW/μm2 and provide possibilities for a new type of plasmonic nano-tweezers. Graphene plasmonic tweezers can be potentially exploited for optical manipulation of nanometric biomolecules and particles. Moreover, the optical trapping/tweezing can be combined with biosensing and provide a versatile platform for studing biology and chemistry with mid-IR light.
Pore-scale dynamics of enzyme adsorption, swelling and reactive dissolution determine sugar yield in hemicellulose hydrolysis for biofuel production
Authors: Dutta Sajal Kanti , Chakraborty Saikat 
Published: December 2016

AbstractHemicelluloses are the earth’s second most abundant structural polymers, found in lignocellulosic biomass. Efficient enzymatic depolymerization of xylans by cleaving their β-(1 → 4)-glycosidic bonds to produce soluble sugars is instrumental to the cost-effective production of liquid biofuels. Here we show that the multi-scale two-phase process of enzymatic hydrolysis of amorphous hemicelluloses is dominated by its smallest scale–the pores. In the crucial first five hours, two to fourfold swelling of the xylan particles allow the enzymes to enter the pores and undergo rapid non-equilibrium adsorption on the pore surface before they hydrolyze the solid polymers, albeit non-competitively inhibited by the products xylose and xylobiose. Rapid pore-scale reactive dissolution increases the solid carbohydrate’s porosity to 80–90%. This tightly coupled experimental and theoretical study quantifies the complex temporal dynamics of the transport and reaction processes coupled across scales and phases to show that this unique pore-scale phenomenon can be exploited to accelerate the depolymerization of hemicelluloses to monomeric sugars in the first 5–6 h. We find that an ‘optimal substrate loading’ of 5 mg/ml (above which substrate inhibition sets in) accelerates non-equilibrium enzyme adsorption and solid hemicellulose depolymerization at the pore-scale, which contributes three-quarters of the soluble sugars produced for bio-alcohol fermentation.
Transcriptome analysis confers a complex disease resistance network in wild rice Oryza meyeriana against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae
Authors: Cheng Xiao-Jie , He Bin , Chen Lin , Xiao Su-qin , Fu Jian , Chen Yue , Yu Teng-qiong , Cheng Zai-Quan , Feng Hong 
Published: December 2016

AbstractRice bacterial blight (BB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is one of the devastating diseases of rice. It is well established that the wild rice Oryza meyeriana is immune to BB. In this study, the transcriptomic analysis was carried out by RNA sequencing of O. meyeriana leaves, inoculated with Xoo to understand the transcriptional responses and interaction between the host and pathogen. Totally, 57,313 unitranscripts were de novo assembled from 58.7 Gb clean reads and 14,143 unitranscripts were identified after Xoo inoculation. The significant metabolic pathways related to the disease resistance enriched by KEGG, were revealed to plant-pathogen interaction, phytohormone signaling, ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Further, many disease resistance genes were also identified to be differentially expressed in response to Xoo infection. Conclusively, the present study indicated that the induced innate immunity comprise the basal defence frontier of O. meyeriana against Xoo infection. And then, the resistance genes are activated. Simultaneously, the other signaling transduction pathways like phytohormones and ubiquitin mediated proteolysis may contribute to the disease defence through modulation of the disease-related genes or pathways. This could be an useful information for further investigating the molecular mechanism associated with disease resistance in O. meyeriana.
Rapid functional cardiac imaging after gadolinium injection: Evaluation of a highly accelerated sequence with sparse data sampling and iterative reconstruction
Authors: Budjan Johannes , Haubenreisser Holger , Henzler Thomas , Sudarski Sonja , Schmidt Michaela , Doesch Christina , Akin Ibrahim , Borggrefe Martin , Meßner Nadja M. , Schoenberg Stefan O. , Attenberger Ulrike I. , Papavassiliu Theano 
Published: December 2016

AbstractTo generate a patient-friendly, time-efficient cardiac MRI examination protocol, a highly accelerated real-time CINE MR sequence (SSIR) was acquired in the idle time in between contrast injection and late gadolinium enhancement phase. 20 consecutive patients underwent a cardiac MRI examination including a multi-breath-hold sequence as gold standard (Ref) as well as SSIR sequences with (SSIR-BH) and without breath-hold (SSIR-nonBH). SSIR sequences were acquired 4 minutes after gadolinium injection. Right- (RV) and left-ventricular (LV) volumetric functional parameters were evaluated and compared between Ref and SSIR sequences. Despite reduced contrast between myocardium and intra-ventricular blood, volumetric as well as regional wall movement assessment revealed high agreement between both SSIR sequences and Ref. Excellent correlation and narrow limits of agreements were found for both SSIR-BH and SSIR-nonBH when compared to Ref for both LV (mean LV ejection fraction [EF] Ref: 52.8 ± 12.6%, SSIR-BH 52.3 ± 12.9%, SSIR-nonBH 52.5 ± 12.6%) and RV (mean RV EF Ref: 52.7 ± 9.4%, SSIR-BH 52.0 ± 8.1%, SSIR-nonBH 52.2 ± 9.3%) analyses. Even when acquired in the idle time in between gadolinium injection and LGE acquisition, the highly accelerated SSIR sequence delivers accurate volumetric and regional wall movement information. It thus seems ideal for very time-efficient and robust cardiac MR imaging protocols.
Characteristics of Ions Emission from Ultrashort Laser Produced Plasma
Authors: Elsied Ahmed M. , Termini Nicholas C. , Diwakar Prasoon K. , Hassanein Ahmed 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe dynamic characteristics of the ions emitted from ultrashort laser interaction with materials were studied. A series of successive experiments were conducted for six different elements (C, Al, Cu, Mo, Gd, and W) using 40 fs, 800 nm Ti: Sapphire laser. Time-of-flight (TOF) ion profile was analyzed and charge emission dependencies were investigated. The effects of incident laser interaction with each element were studied over a wide range of laser fluences (0.8 J/cm2 to 24 J/cm2) corresponding to laser intensities (2.0 × 1013 W/cm2 to 6.0 × 1014 W/cm2). The dependencies of the angular resolved ion flux and energy were also investigated. The TOF ion profile exhibits two peaks corresponding to a fast and a slow ion regime. The slow ions emission was the result of thermal vaporization while fast ions emission was due to time dependent ambipolar electric field. A theoretical model is proposed to predict the total ion flux emitted during femtosecond laser interaction that depends on laser parameters, material properties, and plume hydrodynamics. Incident laser fluence directly impacts average charge state and in turn affects the ion flux. Slow ions velocity exhibited different behavior from fast ions velocity. The fast ions energy and flux were found to be more collimated.
Formula of parallel straight planar conductors for minimum ohmic resistance
Authors: Kim D.‐H. , Park Y.‐J. 
Published: December 2016

A formula for the optimal relation between the width of a planar conductor (w0), the total width of parallel straight planar conductors (W), and the number of the parallel conductors (N) for the minimum ohmic resistance is presented. The formula is verified for the frequency range between 2 and 27.12 MHz according to N by using the finite element method. By experimentation, it is also shown that the proposed formula can be applied to design low‐loss circular planar coils.
Methodological implications of working memory tasks for L2 processing research
Authors: Leeser Michael J. , Sunderman Gretchen L. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
A growing body of research within cognitive perspectives of second language acquisition (SLA) has investigated how individual differences in working memory (WM) capacity may impact second language (L2) processes. Many of these studies have employed versions of complex span measures, such as the reading span test (RSPAN). The findings of these studies are mixed, and no standard scoring methods exist for these tasks. Therefore, this study examines the consequences of different scoring methods and data analysis procedures of two common complex span tasks (reading span and operation span) used in L2 sentence processing research. L2 Spanish learners completed two WM span tasks and an online Spanish sentence interpretation task. The results indicate that various scoring methods of the complex span tasks were significantly correlated within tasks. However, in examining the relationship between WM and sentence interpretation, we found that different results emerged, depending on WM task type, scoring method and type of analysis. Implications for research investigating WM resources in SLA are discussed.
An empirical study of working memory, personality, and second language construction learning
Authors: Jackson Daniel O. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The study presented in this chapter investigated the role of individual differences in construction learning under different conditions of partial repetition. Ninety participants were exposed to an artificial system of noun-suffix constructions under one of three incidental learning conditions, which either repeated nouns across consecutive trials, repeated suffixes across consecutive trials, or contained no repetition across consecutive trials. It was hypothesized that: (a) working memory (WM) and (b) openness would predict L2 construction learning, and that (c) the influence of WM would be stronger in the absence of repetition, while (d) intellect would be associated with attention to form. The results indicated that participants learned the artificial system, with no differences between conditions. Measures of WM and openness correlated positively and significantly with untrained (i.e. generalization) test scores. Mixed-effects binominal regression models revealed significant effects for WM, but showed no interactions between condition and WM. Intellect was significantly related to a measure of attention. In sum, this study provides additional evidence that WM fosters generalization and further suggests that the distinction between openness and intellect may be useful for understanding novel second language learning.
Working memory and L2 English speakers’ primed and subsequent production of passives
Authors: McDonough Kim , Kim YouJin 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Although first language researchers have investigated the relationship between individual differences and structural priming (Kaschak, Kutta, & Jones 2011; Kidd 2012a, b), fewer studies have explored this relationship in second language (L2) speech production (McDonough, Kielstra, Crowther, & Smith 2016). This chapter describes an empirical study that tested the relationship between English L2 speakers’ (N = 64) primed and subsequent production of passives and working memory. Results indicated a significant positive correlation between the participants’ primed production and working memory scores, but only when no intervening material occurred between prime and target sentences. Furthermore, there was no relationship between their subsequent production of passives and working memory scores. Implications are discussed in terms of dual-account explanations of structural priming.
The interaction between feedback exposure condition and phonetic coding ability
Authors: Yilmaz Yucel , Koylu Yilmaz 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This chapter reports on an empirical study that investigated feedback-cognitive ability interactions in three oral negative feedback exposure conditions. In the first condition, learners (i.e. receivers) received feedback on their own errors. In the second condition, learners (i.e. nonreceivers) did not receive feedback on their own errors, but they were allowed to hear the feedback that was provided to the receivers. In the control condition, learners were not exposed to feedback. The cognitive ability investigated was a sub-component of Carroll’s (1962) aptitude model, phonetic coding ability (PCA), or the capacity to recognize and remember previously encountered phonetic material. Results revealed that PCA played a role only in the receivers’ immediate posttest performance, suggesting that the receivers and the nonreceivers might have processed the feedback differently and that higher PCA ability may increase the benefits of receiving feedback directly on one’s own errors but have no effect on feedback that one is merely exposed to.
Market Institutions and Price Relationships: The Case of Coffee in the Ethiopian Commodity Exchange
Authors: Hernandez Manuel A. , Rashid Shahidur , Lemma Solomon , Kuma Tadesse 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWhile the Ethiopian Commodity Exchange (ECX) is widely considered a successful market institution, very little rigorous empirical investigation has been done on it. This paper contributes to filling this knowledge gap. Using a unique set of spatially disaggregated prices for five different coffee varieties, we examine how the ECX has influenced the dynamics of international and domestic prices for coffee, the largest traded commodity in terms of trade value on the exchange floor. We follow a multivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) approach to assess the extent of market interdependence (conditional correlations) and volatility transmission. We also evaluate structural changes in price dynamics over time. Our results suggest that, contrary to popular media stories, the ECX's success in strengthening coffee price relationships has been limited. We discuss the underlying reasons and implications of this finding.
The Osmopressor-Induced Angiopoietin-1 Secretion in Plasma and Subsequent Activation of the Tie-2/Akt/eNOS Signaling Pathway in Red Blood Cell
Authors: Chu You-Hsiang , Lu Chih-Cherng , Lin Tso-Chou , Tsou Mei-Yung , Hsu Yu-Juei , Ho Shung-Tai , Tung Che-Se , Tseng Ching-Jiunn , Li Min-Hui , Lee Herng-Sheng 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Water ingestion induces the osmopressor response, which typically presents as increased total peripheral vascular resistance in young healthy subjects. A previous study has suggested that the RBC membrane receptor is involved in osmopressor stress. Recent studies have indicated nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation in RBCs. However, the main process in signaling pathway activation to elicit such a response is unknown. Herein, we hypothesized that hypo-osmotic stress following water ingestion modulates the eNOS/NO pathway, thereby alternating vascular resistance.

METHODS
We included 24 young, healthy subjects. Physiological parameters and blood samples were collected at 5 minutes before and 25 and 50 minutes after 50 ml water, 500 ml water, or 500 ml normal saline ingestion. A human receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) phosphorylation antibody array was used to simultaneously detect and monitor the biological activation pathways in RBCs.

RESULTS
Of the 71 RTKs assayed during the osmopressor response, several RTKs were significantly upregulated, including Tie-2 and Tie-1. Plasma angiopoietin-1 levels significantly increased at 25 minutes after 500 ml water ingestion compared to those at baseline. Simultaneous phosphorylation of Tie-2, Akt, and eNOS in RBCs occurred. RBCs in vitro were stimulated with angiopoietin-1, Tie-2, or 0.8% saline and showed significant increase in Tie-2, Akt, and eNOS phosphorylation upon angiopoietin-1 treatment and enhanced activation upon cotreatment of angiopoietin-1 and 0.8% saline.

CONCLUSIONS
The hypo-osmotic stimulus of water ingestion increases angiopoietin-1 secretion and subsequently activates the Tie-2/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway in RBCs, thereby revealing a novel biological mechanism simultaneously occurring with the osmopressor response.
An Exploratory Descriptive Study of Registered Nurse Innovation
Authors: Polster Debra , Villines Dana 
Published: December 2016

Purpose:
The aims of this study were to describe registered nurses' levels of personal innovativeness and registered nurses' perceived organizational innovativeness and determine the relationship between these 2 variables.

Background:
There is limited research to describe the levels of innovation of nurses within a hospital. The levels of innovation can determine the likelihood of adoption of evidence-based practices at the bedside. As change agents, clinical nurse specialists can determine successful implementation strategies tailored to nurse levels of innovation.

Description:
This was a descriptive study at a midwest, urban, teaching, 408-bed Magnet hospital.

Outcomes:
Surveys were completed by 217 nurses. The participants reported high personal innovativeness (

JOURNAL/cnsp/04.03/00002800-201701000-00013/inline-graphic1/v/2023-09-25T004147Z/r/image-tiff

= 32.1; SD, 6.4), and the institution was perceived as innovative, with 90.3% of scores categorized as positive innovativeness. The statistically significant correlation was in the medical-surgical unit (r = −0.52, P < .01). There is no correlation between personal innovativeness and organizational innovativeness except for medical-surgical nurses (P = .03). They are likely to perceive the organization more innovative than themselves.

Conclusions:
Determining adopter characteristics can be valuable to the clinical nurse specialist by adapting strategic interventions to advance nursing practice. Exploring levels of adoption can be an innovative strategy to transform nursing at the bedside and throughout the organization.