bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Excavation and Recording at the New Neolithic Rock Art Site of Vallée Aux Noirs, Buthiers (Seine‐et‐Marne, France)
Authors: Cassen Serge , Grimaud Valentin , Lescop Laurent , Petit Christophe , Robin Guillaume 
Published: January 2018

SummaryFollowing the exceptional discovery of Neolithic engravings on a boulder at Vallée aux Noirs in the Fontainebleau forest, south of Paris, an excavation trench was opened in order to access the buried part of the decorated rock panel and explore the stratigraphic context of the artwork. A palaeosol was found two metres below the modern ground level, underneath multiple layers of sterile sandy soil forming a very compact sequence from which only one archaeological artefact was recovered – an Iron Age fibula (c.200–300 BC). Dating of the palaeosol was attempted through two different methods: AMS dates from charcoal suggest a significant span from the Early Bronze Age to the Iron Age, while two more consistent OSL dates point to formation of the palaeosol during the Late Neolithic (3500–3000 cal BC). The entire engraved rock surface (16 m2), including its buried part, was fully recorded. Four main semiotic groups were identified: a typical fifth‐millennium crook‐hafted axe with a ring, two boats with steering oars, and a central, very tall human figure dominating the composition from its 3.5‐metre height.
Patterns of ecological diversification in thelodonts
Authors: Ferrón Humberto G. , Martínez‐Pérez Carlos , Turner Susan , Manzanares Esther , Botella Héctor 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHere we explore the spatial, temporal and phylogenetic patterns of ecological diversification for the entire clade of thelodonts, one of the earliest groups of vertebrates and longest lasting of the Palaeozoic agnathans in the fossil record. Parsimony and maximum‐likelihood methods are used to reconstruct ancestral states of their geographical distributions, habitats and lifestyles. Our results support the concept that thelodonts originated during the Middle?–Late Ordovician probably in marine open waters of Laurasia, with a demersal lifestyle on hard substrates being the ancestral condition for the whole clade. Later, thelodonts underwent a complex ecological diversification and palaeobiogeographical history, comparable in many aspects to those of some major groups of living fishes. Different modes of life evolved repeatedly and a wide range of habitats were colonized by distinct groups, including deep waters and brackish marine and/or freshwater environments. Diadromous strategies presumably appeared on nine different occasions. The palaeobiogeographical history of thelodonts reveals significant differences in the dispersal potential of some major groups. Dispersal of thelodontiforms entailed displacements over long distances and the crossing of deep‐water biogeographical barriers, whereas those of furcacaudiforms were always limited to areas interconnected by shallow platforms. We propose that the evolution of pelagic larval stages in thelodontiforms might explain this biogeographical pattern and could satisfactorily account for the greater evolutionary success of this group.
Pollen germination and in vivo fertilization in response to high‐temperature during flowering in hybrid and inbred rice
Authors: Shi Wanju , Li Xiang , Schmidt Ralf C. , Struik Paul C. , Yin Xinyou , Jagadish S.V. Krishna 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHigh‐temperature during flowering in rice causes spikelet sterility and is a major threat to rice productivity in tropical and subtropical regions, where hybrid rice development is increasingly contributing to sustain food security. However, the sensitivity of hybrids to increasing temperature and physiological responses in terms of dynamic fertilization processes is unknown. To address these questions, several promising hybrids and inbreds were exposed to control temperature and high day‐time temperature (HDT) in Experiment 1, and hybrids having contrasting heat tolerance were selected for Experiment 2 for further physiological investigation under HDT and high‐night‐time‐temperature treatments. The day‐time temperature played a dominant role in determining spikelet fertility compared with the night‐time temperature. HDT significantly induced spikelet sterility in tested hybrids, and hybrids had higher heat susceptibility than the high‐yielding inbred varieties. Poor pollen germination was strongly associated with sterility under high‐temperature. Our novel observations capturing the series of dynamic fertilization processes demonstrated that pollen tubes not reaching the viable embryo sac was the major cause for spikelet sterility under heat exposure. Our findings highlight the urgent need to improve heat tolerance in hybrids and incorporating early‐morning flowering as a promising trait for mitigating HDT stress impact at flowering.
The next generation of melanocyte data: Genetic, epigenetic, and transcriptional resource datasets and analysis tools
Authors: Loftus Stacie K. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryThe number of melanocyte‐ and melanoma‐derived next generation sequence genome‐scale datasets have rapidly expanded over the past several years. This resource guide provides a summary of publicly available sources of melanocyte cell derived whole genome, exome, mRNA and miRNA transcriptome, chromatin accessibility and epigenetic datasets. Also highlighted are bioinformatic resources and tools for visualization and data queries which allow researchers a genome‐scale view of the melanocyte.
Insufficient sleep syndrome: An unrecognized but important clinical entity
Authors: Kohyama Jun , Anzai Yuki , Ono Makoto , Kishino Ai , Tamanuki Keita , Takada Kazuma , Inoue Kento , Horiuchi Maho , Hatai Yoshiho 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundA sleep clinic for adults and children was established in the Tokyo Bay Urayasu Ichikawa Medical Centre, in August 2012. Given that few sleep clinics are available in Japan specifically for children, this clinic provides the opportunity to provide data on child patients with sleep problems.MethodsRecords of patients who visited the sleep clinic at the Tokyo Bay Urayasu Ichikawa Medical Centre aged ≤20 years at the first visit were retrospectively examined, along with the initial and final diagnoses.ResultsOf 2,157 patients who visited the sleep clinic at Tokyo Bay Urayasu Ichikawa Medical Centre between August 2012 and March 2017, 181 were ≤20 years old. In these 181 patients, the most frequent final diagnosis was insufficient sleep syndrome (ISS),n= 56, followed by circadian rhythm sleep–wake disorder,n= 28; insomnia,n= 28; and sleep‐related movement disorder,n= 15.ConclusionsInsufficient sleep produces various brain dysfunctions in both adults and children, and is associated with behavioral, cognitive and physical problems, as well as with atypical early development. Insufficient sleep has also been reported to cause obesity. Insufficient sleep‐induced obesity is often associated with the occurrence of metabolic syndrome. More effort is needed to ensure that children are receiving sufficient sleep.
A latent state‐trait analysis of interoceptive accuracy
Authors: Wittkamp Martin F. , Bertsch Katja , Vögele Claus , Schulz André 
Published: January 2018

AbstractInteroceptive accuracy (IAc), that is, the ability to accurately perceive one's own bodily signals, is widely assumed to be a trait, although experimental manipulations such as stress may affect IAc. We used structural equation modeling to estimate the reliability of IAc, and the proportions of individual differences in IAc, explained by a trait and occasion‐specific effects of situation and person‐situation interactions. We assessed IAc in 59 healthy participants (40 women, MAge = 23.4 years) on three consecutive measurement occasions, approximately 1 week apart, in a rest and poststress condition, using a heartbeat counting and a heartbeat discrimination task. The results showed fair temporal stability (intraclass correlation coefficients ≥ 0.38) and good reliability (Mdn = .63; range .49–.83) for both methods. While around 40% of the variance of a single IAc measurement could be explained by a trait, approximately 27% was accounted for by occasion‐specific effects of situation and person‐situation interaction. These results suggest that IAc measures are relatively consistent and that situations and person‐situation interactions impact IAc as measured at a certain point in time. An aggregation across at least two measurements is recommended when using IAc as a trait variable.
Dynamic Economic Resilience and Economic Recovery from Disasters: A Quantitative Assessment
Authors: Xie Wei , Rose Adam , Li Shantong , He Jianwu , Li Ning , Ali Tariq 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis article analyzes the role of dynamic economic resilience in relation to recovery from disasters in general and illustrates its potential to reduce disaster losses in a case study of the Wenchuan earthquake of 2008. We first offer operational definitions of the concept linked to policies to promote increased levels and speed of investment in repair and reconstruction to implement this resilience. We then develop a dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model that incorporates major features of investment and traces the time‐path of the economy as it recovers with and without dynamic economic resilience. The results indicate that resilience strategies could have significantly reduced GDP losses from the Wenchuan earthquake by 47.4% during 2008–2011 by accelerating the pace of recovery and could have further reduced losses slightly by shortening the recovery by one year. The results can be generalized to conclude that shortening the recovery period is not nearly as effective as increasing reconstruction investment levels and steepening the time‐path of recovery. This is an important distinction that should be made in the typically vague and singular reference to increasing the speed of recovery in many definitions of dynamic resilience.
Latent Variable Modelling with Non-Ignorable Item Non-Response: Multigroup Response Propensity Models for Cross-National Analysis
Authors: Kuha Jouni , Katsikatsou Myrsini , Moustaki Irini 
Published: January 2018

SummaryWhen missing data are produced by a non-ignorable non-response mechanism, analysis of the observed data should include a model for the probabilities of responding. We propose such models for non-response in survey questions which are treated as measures of latent constructs and analysed by using latent variable models. The non-response models that we describe include additional latent variables (latent response propensities) which determine the response probabilities. We argue that this model should be specified as flexibly as possible, and we propose models where the response propensity is a categorical variable (a latent response class). This can be combined with any latent variable model for the survey items, and an association between the latent variables measured by the items and the latent response propensities then implies a model with non-ignorable non-response. We consider in particular such models for the analysis of data from cross-national surveys, where the non-response model may also vary across the countries. The models are applied to data on welfare attitudes in 29 countries in the European Social Survey.
Change, Challenge, and Prospects for a Diversity Paradigm in Social Psychology
Authors: Jones James M. , Dovidio John F. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn the current work, we discuss how moving beyond the traditional emphasis in social psychology on differences in group memberships to diversity has both theoretical and practical benefits for the field and for policy. Specifically, we introduce a diversity paradigm that builds upon and complements traditional approaches to the study of prejudice and social identity by (1) incorporating multiple levels of analysis; (2) studying a range of different mechanisms that account for the separate and joint influences of factors operating at societal, group, and individuals levels; (3) including relations among multiple groups and recognizing the diversity that exists within diversity; and (4) examining both the potential benefits as well as the challenges of diversity. A diversity paradigm is important and timely because of rapidly changing technologies and shifts in demographics that increase encounters among members of diverse groups. We discuss several of the pressing questions and point to possible answers based on diversity principles and research. Questions such as “Why is accomplishing diversity objectives so challenging/difficult?”; “How is a focus on diversity different from a focus on prejudice and stereotyping?”; “Why is it important to have, promote and value diversity?”; and “What does/should approaches to diversity encompass?” In the final section, we identify possible paths forward in conceptualizing the paradigm and apply the work to the diversity challenges that lie ahead.
Health Disparities due to Diminished Return among Black Americans: Public Policy Solutions
Authors: Assari Shervin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThere are persistent and pervasive disparities in the health of Black people compared to non‐Hispanic Whites in the United States. There are many reasons for this gap; this article explores the role of “Blacks’ diminished gain” as a mechanism behind racial health disparities. Diminished gain is a phenomenon wherein the health effects of certain socioeconomic resources and psychological assets are systematically smaller for Blacks compared to Whites. These patterns are robust, with similar findings across different resources, assets, outcomes, settings, cohorts, and age groups. However, the role of diminished gain as a main contributing mechanism to racial health disparities has been historically overlooked. This article reviews the research literature on diminished gain and discusses possible causes for it, such as the societal barriers created by structural racism. Policy solutions that may reduce Blacks’ diminished gain are discussed.
Weight Bias and Stigma: Public Health Implications and Structural Solutions
Authors: Pearl Rebecca L. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWeight bias is a widespread form of prejudice that leads to the stigmatization of individuals who are perceived to have excess weight. Several psychological theories have been used to explain weight bias and to understand its negative impact on the mental and physical health of individuals with overweight and obesity. Top‐down approaches are needed to reduce weight stigma and its adverse health consequences at the population‐level. Potential targets for stigma‐reduction policies include weight‐based discrimination in the workplace, bullying and discrimination in educational settings, stigma in health care, and stereotypical media portrayals. These proposed policies have strong support from the public and stakeholders and, with further implementation and evaluation, may serve as promising structural interventions for addressing societal weight stigma.
Interventions to Reduce Blatant and Subtle Sexual Orientation‐ and Gender Identity Prejudice (SOGIP): Current Knowledge and Future Directions
Authors: Cramwinckel Florien M. , Scheepers Daan T. , van der Toorn Jojanneke 
Published: January 2018

AbstractGiven its prevalence and impact, it is important that prejudice against sexual‐and gender identity minorities is reduced and that negative behaviors against these minorities are prevented. We introduce and provide a definition of the term Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Prejudice (SOGIP), and discuss its determinants and configurations as well as ways to measure it. Furthermore, we review the recent social psychological literature on SOGIP‐reducing interventions, identify scientific knowledge gaps regarding these interventions, and offer recommendations on how to apply the available knowledge to real‐life situations. We conclude that there are many interventions currently being employed to target SOGIP with some seeming more effective than others. Particularly promising interventions are those aimed at evoking empathy and perspective taking and those aimed at developing alliances between minority and majority members. However, there is still room for improvement. Overall, little empirical evidence speaks to the robustness of intervention effects, its underlying mechanisms, duration, and boundary conditions. Researchers should focus on all aspects of SOGIP (i.e., sexual orientation prejudice as well as gender identity prejudice); different expressions of prejudice (i.e., blatant and subtle), actual behavior towards minorities, and on both perpetrators and targets of prejudice. By joining forces, researchers and practitioners should aim to overcome practical and theoretical obstacles in evaluating the effectiveness of interventions. Policy makers should support initiatives that test, improve, implement and distribute intervention programs, and can help bring together researchers and practitioners.
Time‐dependent distinct roles of Toll‐like receptor 4 in a house dust mite‐induced asthma mouse model
Authors: Ishii T. , Niikura Y. , Kurata K. , Muroi M. , Tanamoto K. , Nagase T. , Sakaguchi M. , Yamashita N. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHouse dust mites (HDMs) are a common source of allergens that trigger both allergen‐specific and innate immune responses in humans. Here, we examined the effect of allergen concentration and the involvement of Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the process of sensitization to house dust mite allergens in an HDM extract‐induced asthma mouse model.　Intranasal administration of HDM extract induced an immunoglobulin E response and eosinophilic inflammation in a dose‐dependent manner from 2.5 to 30 μg/dose. In TLR4‐knockout mice, the infiltration of eosinophils and neutrophils into the lung was decreased compared with that in wild‐type mice in the early phase of inflammation (total of three doses). However, in the late phase of inflammation (total of seven doses), eosinophil infiltration was significantly greater in TLR4‐knockout mice than in wild‐type mice. This suggests that the roles of TLR4 signaling are different between the early phase and the later phase of HDM allergen‐induced inflammation. Thus, innate immune response through TLR4 regulated the response to HDM allergens, and the regulation was altered during the phase of inflammation.
Learning for oneself: A Confucian‐inspired case for moral formation in ethics pedagogy
Authors: Duperon Matthew 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis article explores the disconnection between ethical theory and ethical practice in ethics courses at secular U.S. colleges and universities. In such contexts academic ethics focuses almost exclusively on “ethical reasoning” and leaves the business of practical moral formation of students in the realm of “student life.” I argue this disconnection is inevitable given the dominant understanding that moral formation must be guided by a consistent ethical theory, and must eventuate in certain prosocial behaviors, while norms of pluralism and free inquiry mandate that academic courses not attempt to dictate certain views or behaviors as normative. Drawing on the Confucian model of moral cultivation expressed by the early Chinese figure Mengzi, I argue for a different understanding of moral formation that focuses on open‐endedness, self‐direction, and the acquisition of skills in directing attention and will. This approach avoids the most serious challenges to practical moral formation in secular contexts, and I suggest some broadly applicable principles for implementing these ideas in ethics courses.
Lost in the great divide: Motivation in religious studies classrooms
Authors: Gravett Emily O. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOne of the most illuminating finds in Barbara E. Walvoord's Teaching and Learning in College Introductory Religion Courses (2008) is what she calls “the great divide,” a mismatch between instructors’ goals for their courses, which are academic, and the students’ reasons for taking them, which relate to their personal interests and development. Motivation – or, rather, the lack thereof – is not explicitly considered as a potential victim of this mismatch. This article will turn its attention squarely to this issue. First, I will review data about the “great divide” and link them to the common practice of asking our students to bracket the personal when they take our courses. The article will juxtapose this practice with what research tell us about motivation, which will allow us to further explore why the divide Walvoord and others have identified is so problematic. The article will conclude with pedagogical strategies that can help instructors intentionally influence motivation in religion courses. Ultimately, I suggest that we may be doing students – as well as ourselves, as the purveyors of our discipline – a disservice, if we do not attend to (or, worse, if we actively avoid) what we know motivates students to learn.
Decentered online Bible instruction: How active learning enhances the study of Scripture
Authors: Troftgruben Troy M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe field of biblical studies lends itself well to decentered online learning – a kind that uses active learning to engage primary texts and their interpretations. Not only does such an approach work well in online and hybrid formats, it more readily welcomes readings that are more contextual, constructive, and collaborative. Three aspects best characterize a decentered approach to active learning online: an orientation toward primary texts, collaborative inquiry, and enhanced learner initiative. This essay describes the significance of each in turn, along with naming some best practices. I argue that this approach not only shifts focus toward learners and the learning environment, it works particularly well for teaching Bible courses online and in hybrid formats where interpretation of primary sources is the fundamental goal.
Immunization in end stage renal disease: The perception of waiting list patients
Authors: Camargo Leonardo Figueiredo , Lother Alessandra Martins , Mazzali Marilda , Stucchi Raquel S. B. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe number of patients with chronic kidney disease is increasing worldwide, as well as the number of patients in kidney transplant waiting lists. In order to prevent infections related to immunosuppressive therapy, immunization guidelines for CKD patients before transplantation have been proposed. The aim of the present study was to evaluate adherence to immunization in a cohort of CKD patients in transplant waiting list and their renal replacement therapy clinics.MethodsCKD patients older than 18 years old, receiving renal replacement therapy longer than 12 months and included in kidney transplant waiting list at University of Campinas (Unicamp) were enrolled.ResultsFrom February 2014 to December 2015, 105 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Complete hepatitis B vaccination was observed in 73% and influenza vaccine in 67%. None of the other vaccine protocols reached 50% of coverage. Patients receiving immunization at primary health units presented higher coverage for diphtheria, tetanus (dT), measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), and hepatitis B vaccines, while patients immunized at renal replacement therapy clinics showed higher prevalence of pneumococcus (pneumo23).ConclusionThe low rates of immunization could reflect the RRT's clinics knowledge about the vaccines guidelines and its application on daily care. We suggest an integration between transplant center and RRT clinics, through lectures, periodic checking of vaccination cards, and easy to follow guidelines in order to provide a better vaccine coverage and to obtain higher immunization rates.