bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIVERSED ETHNOMATHEMATICS EXPLORATIONS OF BATAK CULTURES IN NORTH SUMATERA
Authors: Br Ginting Siti Salamah , Simanjorang Mangaratua , Gultom Syawal 
Published: October 2024

The Batak ethnic group has cultural diversity and is rich in the values of each culture, both in the products and processes, and cultural philosophies. The Batak ethnicity is divided into several sub-ethnicities, including Toba Batak, Karo Batak, Mandailing Batak, and Simalungun Batak. The distinctive characteristics of each ethnicity can be used as material for research by researchers to explore the elements of that culture. In the field of mathematics, culture can also be used as an object of study. The research method used in the present study is the systematic literature review (SLR) which is aimed at identifying, studying, evaluating, and interpreting research results by the topics being studied so that it will answer the research questions that have been determined. The results can be seen that the Batak ethnic cultural components have mathematical concepts in them such as, among others, livelihood characters, traditional houses, traditional musical instruments, traditional foods, ulos cloth and ornaments. traditional dances, and traditional clothing. The mathematical concepts that are obtained from the exploration of Batak ethnic cultures include the concepts of lines, angles, congruence, spatial geometry, flat geometric shapes, spatial geometric shapes, geometric transformations, arithmetic sequences, and numbers. These diverse themes indicate that mathematics is our culture.
DETERMINATION OF TOTAL PHENOLICS AND FLAVONOIDS CONTENT AND TEST OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF MANGO LEAVES HONEY CULTIVAR (Mangifera indica L. CV. HONEY)
Authors: Fachriyah Enny , Ismiyarto Ismiyarto , Sarjono Purbowatiningrum Ria 
Published: October 2024

PENENTUAN TOTAL FENOLIK DAN FLAVONOID SERTA UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI DAUN MANGGA KULTIVAR MADU (Mangifera indica L. CV. MADU) Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan metabolit sekunder, total fenolik dan flavonoid serta aktivitas antioksidan fraksi etil asetat dan etanol daun mangga kultivar madu. Penelitian diawali determinasi tanaman, preparasi sampel, skrining fitokimia, maserasi dengan etanol 96% dilanjutkan partisi bertingkat menggunakan n-heksana dan etil asetat. Skrining fitokimia dilakukan pada ekstrak dan fraksi yang diperoleh. Fraksi yang diperoleh ditentukan total fenolik dengan metode Folin-Ciocalteu, total flavonoid dengan metode kolorimetri AlCl3. Aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan dengan metode DPPH. Hasil determinasi tanaman dapat dipastikan sampel adalah Mangifera indica L. kultivar madu, positif mengandung senyawa flavonoid, fenolik, saponin, kuinon, steroid dan triterpenoid. Rendemen fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi etanol berturut-turut sebesar 6,19% dan 5,19%. Kadar total fenolik fraksi etil asetat daun mangga kultivar madu berturut-turut sebesar 423,7 ± 3,68 mg GAE/g dan 48,2 ± 0,139 mg QE/g. Kadar total flavonoid fraksi etanol berturut-turut sebesar 132,35 ± 1,95 mg GAE/g dan 27,72 mg QE/g. Nilai IC50 fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi etanol berturut-turut sebesar 17,83 ppm dan 79,73 ppm. Daun mangga kultivar madu dapat berperan sebagai agen antioksidan dengan kategori kuat pada fraksi etanol dan sangat kuat pada fraksi etil asetat.
KARAKTERISTIK TELUR CALON RATU Heterotrigona itama PADA KOLONI BUDIDAYA DI HUTAN ADAT IMBO PUTUI, KAMPAR
Authors: Maroza Afifah 
Published: October 2024

Telur calon ratu merupakan salah satu hal yang perlu diperhatikan untuk memperluas dan menjaga keberlanjutan koloni lebah tanpa sengat. Telur calon ratu memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda dengan telur pejantan atau telur pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui posisi, warna, bentuk dan ukuran telur calon ratu H. itama. Pengamatan dilakukan pada 4 kotak yang dipilih secara purposive sampling dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa posisi telur calon ratu H.itama berada pada bagian tengah-tengah sarang yang merupakan area paling terlindungi dan biasanya memiliki kondisi yang stabil serta memudahkan lebah pekerja untuk memberikan perawatan yang lebih baik seperti pemberian makanan. Telur calon H.itama berbentu oval dan berwarna krem untuk lapisan bagian atas sedangkan pada lapisan bagian bawah berwarna coklat muda. Telur calon ratu H.itama memiliki ukuran yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan telur calon pekerja atau pejantan. Ukuran rata-rata panjang telur calon ratu yang diamati yaitu 0,8 cm dan memiliki lebar rata-rata berkisar antara 0,5 cm - 0,6 cm.
The Effects of Virtual Reality–Based Reminiscence Therapies for Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review
Authors: Mao Qian , Zhao Zhen , Yu Lisha , Zhao Yang , Wang Hailiang 
Published: October 2024

Background
Reminiscence therapy (RT) is a commonly used nonpharmaceutical treatment for cognitive impairment. Artifacts or conversations are used in RT to recall individuals’ memories and past experiences. Virtual reality (VR) has increasingly been used as an assistive technology during RT. However, the effects of VR-based RT (VR-RT) methods remain unclear, and insights into the related benefits and challenges are urgently needed.

Objective
The study aims to systematically review the effects of VR-RTs for older adults with cognitive impairment.

Methods
Seven databases (MEDLINE, Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ScienceDirect) were searched to identify relevant articles published from inception to August 10, 2023. Peer-reviewed publications that assessed the effect of VR-RTs (ie, using virtual clues to evoke participants’ memories or past experiences) on cognitive-related outcomes were included. Two independent researchers conducted the literature search, review, and data extraction processes. A narrative synthesis approach was used to analyze the extracted data.

Results
Of the 537 identified articles, 22 were ultimately included in the data analysis. The results revealed that VR-RTs could maintain cognitive status (4/4, 100%) and reduce anxiety (2/2, 100%) in older adults with cognitive impairment. Nevertheless, one study found a cognitive improvement after VR-RTs, whereas cognitive degradation was observed at a 3- to 6-month follow-up measure. Around 88% (7/8) of the included studies indicated that VR-RTs improved memory; however, the evidence regarding the beneficial effects of VR-RTs was limited in improving quality of life (1/4, 25%) and reducing apathy (0/2, 0%) and depression (1/3, 33%). The results indicated that VR-RTs are safe, engaging, acceptable, and satisfying for older adults with cognitive impairment. In VR scenarios, personalized stimulus materials related to the users’ youth experiences were more effective for treating cognitive impairment than other stimulus materials.

Conclusions
The results of this systematic review demonstrate the potential benefits of VR-RT for older adults with cognitive impairment, especially in improving emotion and memory and maintaining cognitive status. VR-RT is also safe and enjoyable for older adults. However, due to the trial heterogeneity of included studies, we can only provide qualitative results instead of performing meta-analysis to quantify the effect size of VR-RTs. Thus, more randomized controlled trials are required to examine the designs and effects of VR-RTs for groups of older adults with specific needs.
Determination of knowledge levels and attitudes of clinician veterinarians working in Thrace region towards antibiotic use
Authors: Arslan Sezai , Ural Mehmet Nihat , Özdemir Nurullah 
Published: October 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a global problem due to widespread antimicrobial use in human and veterinary medicine. AMR affects health systems by leading to prolonged and severe illnesses, high mortality rates, and treatment failures caused by resistant microorganisms. As antibiotics are the most widely used drugs in veterinary medicine, veterinarians' knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding antibiotic use are crucial in combating AMR. In this cross-sectional study, an online questionnaire of 20 questions was administered to clinician veterinarians and members of the Trakya Chamber of Veterinarians and 60 participants answered the questionnaire. In the current survey, 98 % of veterinarians agree that AMR is an important public health problem and emphasize that focusing on rational antibiotic use in veterinary medicine is a critical area to slow the development of AMR. Only 10 % of the respondents stated that they take into account antibiotic requests from patient owners, 68.3 % stated that they rarely use off-label drugs and 16.7 % stated that they often use them. Of those respondents, 16.7 % stated that they routinely perform antibiograms. Regarding education, 41.7 % of veterinarians had received training on rational antibiotic use. When asked about their preferred type of training, 56.7 % favored online training, while 35 % preferred face-to-face sessions. The results indicate that veterinarians play a significant role in combating AMR and that more awareness and education are needed in this field.
Retrospective analysis of fractures in crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous)
Authors: Lage Silva Giaculi Marques Marcus Vinicius , Rahal Sheila Canevese , de Siqueira Silva José Ivaldo , Pereira da Silva Jeana , Corrêa de Camargo Gabriel , Mamprim Maria Jaqueline , Ichikawa Ricardo Shoiti 
Published: October 2024

This study assessed axial and appendicular fractures in crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous; Linnaeus, 1766) admitted to the Reference Center for Wildlife. Medical records and plain radiographs of C. thous were retrospectively evaluated. Seventy-four free-ranging C. thous were admitted over 10 years, of which 21 had fractures in the appendicular and/or axial skeleton. Appendicular skeleton fracture was verified in 42.86 % of the animals, five of whom had long bone involvement and four the hip bones. More than one fracture in the appendicular skeleton occurred in 14.28 % of the animals, with the most common being a long bone fracture with a hip fracture. Axial skeleton fractures were observed in 9.52 % of the cases, with one fracture located in the vertebral column and the other in the head. Five animals died and nine were euthanized due to injury severity, prognosis and/or poor outcome after treatment. Seven animals showed good evolution after treatment, and four animals were released. In conclusion, hip bone fractures, isolated or combined with injuries to other bones of the axial and/or appendicular skeleton, were the most common injuries in C. thous. The characteristics of multiple trauma were associated with high mortality and complications.
Distribution of Ferns at Different Heights in Gunung Raya Protected Forest, West Kalimantan
Authors: Natasya Dea Fitri , Daningsih Entin , Yuniarti Anisyah 
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Ferns are a type of biodiversity that is spread to live on the forest floor and plays an important role in ecological functions, such as humus formation, protecting soil from erosion, and maintaining soil moisture. This study aims to determine the distribution of fern species at different heights in the Gunung Raya Protection Forest, Temajuk Village and their potential for the community. The method in this study, namely the cruising method to observe ferns on soil contours with an altitude of 25-125 meters above sea level, 125-225 meters above sea level, and 225-325 meters above sea level. Environmental parameters including temperature, humidity, light intensity, soil pH and wind speed were measured at each altitude. Herbarium was made to identify ferns. Information about the potential of ferns was obtained from the surrounding community. The results showed that there were 14 species of ferns belonging to 7 families. Ferns found were as many as 14 species at an altitude of 25-225 masl decreased to 10 species at the highest contour (325 masl). The four species that were not found were Stenochlaena palustris, Nephrolepis cordifolia, Hypolepis punctata, and Davalia divaricata. Of the 14 species of ferns, 11 of them have potential as vegetables, medicines, ornamental plants, and craft materials.
Do Big 4 Firms Provide Higher Audit Quality in Government Audits? Evidence from Canadian Provincial Consolidated Financial Statements
Authors: Cziffra Johnathon , Singer Zvi , Zhang Jing 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARY
Audit quality is influenced by both the demand for and the supply of audits. A major challenge in audit quality research involves isolating supply effects. The audits of Canadian provincial governmental entities present an appealing setting, where there is low variation in the demand for audit quality. Our analysis, employing various audit quality metrics, reveals that Big 4 firms underperform both government auditors and non-Big 4 firms in our setting. We find robust evidence that less government audit knowledge is a key channel through which Big 4 auditors underperform. Additionally, the weaker performance of Big 4 firms may be due to lower effort. Insights from interviews with government audit executives and audit committee members provide evidence supporting the quantitative results. Our results are robust to propensity score matching and to tests that address alternative explanations. Our findings have important implications for governments, audit committees, and auditors in the government sector.
JEL Codes: M41; M42.
Growth rate dalam sektor barang baku dan primer di Bursa Efek Indonesia: Mana lebih baik?
Authors: Vito Apriyanto  , Febriana Louw  
Published: October 2024

The Sustainable Growth Rate is the maximum growth rate of a company so that it can grow without running out of funds from funding activities such as increasing shareholder capital ownership and drawing loans from creditors. This study measured, tested, and analyzed factors affecting sustainable growth. Some of the factors used in this study are leverage, profitability, and total asset turnover. This study uses objects from raw material sector companies and primary sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2018 - 2022, during which data collection was carried out using the purposive sampling method. The form of research used is associative research, a method that examines the relationship between variables, with a quantitative approach. The research data is based on secondary data, namely the company's annual financial report, which is available and has been audited by an independent auditor. Data processing uses multiple linear regression. The study results show that Leverage (DER) and Profitability (ROA) positively affect sustainable growth, providing practical insights for financial analysts and professionals in the raw material and primary sector industries. Total asset turnover (TATO) does not affect the sustainable growth rate. This study also shows that raw material sector companies have a higher sustainable growth rate than primary sector companies.
Item Bank Development and Content Validation of a Youth Sport Specialization Assessment
Authors: Nelson Evan O. , Bell David , Kliethermes Stephanie , Biese Kevin M. , Renner Madison N. , Srygler Emily C. , McGuine Timothy , Snedden Traci R. , Brooks M. Alison , Watson Andrew 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE: To refine and evaluate the content validity of a bank of items representing the physical, social, and motivation behaviors associated with youth sport specialization. DESIGN: Qualitative analysis. METHODS: The conceptual framework for item generation involved an existing consensus-based definition of youth sport specialization. Purposive sampling recruited English-literate youth athletes who participated in at least 1 organized sport in the past 12 months to participate in individual cognitive interviews. Three rounds of interviews used a “read aloud, think aloud” strategy to evaluate the comprehension, relevance, and comprehensiveness of the items and their response structure. One reviewer conducted thematic analysis of verbatim transcripts following rounds 1 to 2; after round 3, 2 independent reviewers evaluated the content validity of all items. The full research team reviewed results and established consensus regarding item acceptance, revision, or removal. RESULTS: Twenty-two participants (64% male, 13.8±3.0 years) were interviewed. Participants were classified as low (59%), moderate (23%), and high (18%) specialization. Thirty-one items organized into participation volume, physical, motivation, and social domains were tested. Comprehension of 24 items in the physical (n = 6), motivation (n = 12), and social (n = 6) domains was acceptable. No participation volume items achieved content validity. Acceptable items were considered relevant to youth sport specialization, and the item bank was deemed comprehensive. Participants affirmed the response structure was easy to understand and use. CONCLUSION: Content validity was established for a bank of patient-reported items assessing youth sport specialization. An appropriate next step is to conduct psychometric evaluation and develop a youth sport specialization assessment. JOSPT Open 2025;3(1):22-29. Epub 02 October 2024. doi:10.2519/josptopen.2024.0065
WORLD TRENDS IN ORGANIZATION OF COMMERCIAL ZONES IN CENTRALNYJ AREAS OF CITIES
Authors: Переверзева Н.В. , Санок С.И. 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается градостроительный опыт формирования торговых зон и общественных пространств в центрах крупных и крупнейших городов: направления пространственно-функциональной организации, транспортной организации, а также примеры муниципальных программ и механизмов регулирования развития как торгово-пешеходных улиц и зон, так и городского центра в целом. ©Переверзева Н. В., Санок С. И., 2017
The article discusses the urban development experience of the formation of trading zones and public spaces in the centers of large and major cities: directions of spatial-functional organization, transport organization, as well as examples of municipal programs and mechanisms for the regulation of development as a shopping pedestrian streets and zones, and the city centre as a whole.
THE DOMINANT LINEAR RELATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE PARTHENON
Authors: ДОЛГОВ А.В. 
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена поиску доминирующего отношения в системе линейных параметров здания Парфенона и его элементов. В основу анализа линейных величин положены теория начальных линейных отношений и метод архитектурных ординат, разработанные автором. Метрические параметры Парфенона приняты по результатам обмеров, опубликованных и известных широкому кругу специалистов. В результате автору удалось подтвердить гипотезу о единстве доминирующего линейного отношения, примененного в Парфеноне в плане и на фасаде. ©Долгов А. В., 2017
The article is devoted to the search of the dominant relationships in the system of the linear parameters of the building of the Parthenon and its elements. The basis of the analysis of linear quantities based on the theory of elementary linear relations and architectural ordinate method developed by the author. The metric parameters of the Parthenon, taken on the results of the measurements are published and known to a wide circle of specialists. The author was able to confirm the hypothesis of the unity of the dominant linear relations used in the Parthenon in plan and fasade.
THE ISSUE OF IDENTIFYING OBJECTS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
Authors: БЕРДЮГИНА Ю.М. 
Published: October 2024

В статье анализируется существующий порядок выявления объектов культурного наследия. Автором делается вывод о необходимости его изменения в целях формирования непротиворечивого подхода в области реализации культурных прав и обязанностей, предусмотренных Конституцией РФ. ©Бердюгина Ю. М., 2017
The article analyzes the existing procedure for identifying objects of cultural heritage. The author concludes that it is necessary to change it in order to form a consistent approach to the realization of cultural rights and obligations stipulated by the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
ALTERNATIVE METHOD FOR OBTAINING ALKYLHYDRAZONE CARBOXYLATES FROM 4-NITROSEMICARBAZIDE
Authors: Шестакова Е.О. , Ильясов С.Г. 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассмотрен альтернативный способ получения этил- и изопропилгидразонкарбоксилата основанный на взаимодействии 4-нитросемикарбазида (4-НСК) с этиловым и изопропиловым спиртами, с выходом целевых соединений равным 30 %. Реакцией алкилгидразонкарбоксилата с глиоксалем синтезирован продукт конденсации – бис(алкилгидразонкарбоксилат)глиоксаль, последующим хлорированием которого N-хлорсукцинимидом получено соответствующее дихлорпроизводное. Структура соединений подтверждена методами ИК- и ЯМР-спектроскопии. Полученные соединения представляют интерес в качестве исходных веществ для синтеза новых биологическиактивных и высокоэнергетических соединений (например, дикалиевой соли 1,1'-динитрамино-5,5'-тетразола).
An alternative method for producing ethyl and isopropylhydrazone carboxylate based on the interaction of 4-nitrosemicarbazide (4-NSA) with ethyl and isopropyl alcohols, as a result of which the yield of compounds is 30% the article discusses . The reaction of an alkylhydrazone carboxylate with glyoxal gave the condensation product bis (alkylhydrazone carboxylate) glyoxal, which was then chlorinated with N-chlorosuccinimide to obtain the corresponding dichloro derivative. The structure of the compounds was confirmed by IR and NMR spectroscopy. The obtained compounds are of interest as starting materials for the synthesis of new biologically active and high-energy compounds (for example, dipotassium salt of 1,1'-dinitramino-5,5'-tetrazole).
Binary systems of nitrotriazole derivatives and nitrofurazanylfuroxane
Authors: Комарова М.В. , Вакутин А.Г. , Козырев Н.В. , Ильясов С.Г. 
Published: October 2024

Методами термомеханического анализа (ТМА) и дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии (DSC) изучены свойства плавких бинарных систем, включающих высокочувствительный 3,4-бис(4-нитрофуразанил)фуроксан (НФФ) и малочувствительные производные нитротриазола: 2-метил-3-нитро-1,2,4-триазолом (2-Ме-3Н), третбутил-3-нитро-1,2,4-триазолом (t-Bu-3H) и этоксиметил-3-нитро-1,2,4-триазолом (ЭОМ-3Н). Приводятся диаграммы состояния двойных систем и компонентное содержание эвтектик. Обсуждаются проблемы совместимости с кристаллическими высокоэнергетическими материалами октогеном (НМX) и гексанитрогексаазавюрцитаном (CL-20). Рассматриваются преимущества и недостатки методов DSC и ТМА в рамках данного исследования.
Properties of fusible binary systems composed of high-sensitivity 3,4-bis(4-nitrofurazanyl)furoxane (NFF) and insensitive nitrotriazole derivatives such as 2-methyl-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole (2-Ме-3Н), tert-butyl-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole (t-Bu-3H) and ethoxymethyl-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole (EOM-3Н) were characterized by thermomechanical analysis (TMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Phase diagrams of binary systems and the component ratio of eutectic mixtures are reported. Compatibility problems with high-energy crystalline materials RDX and CL-20 are discussed. Merits and shortfalls of the DSC and TMA techniques in the context of this study are considered.
SIMULATION OF NON-STATIONARY HEAT EXCHANGE OF ELECTRO-CONDUCTIVE LIQUID IN A SPHERICAL LAYER. PART I
Authors: Соловьев С.В. 
Published: October 2024

Представлены результаты численного моделирования нестационарного конвективного теплообмена электропроводной жидкости между двумя изотермическими концентрическими сферами. Исследовано влияние ориентации вектора силы тяжести и числа Грасгофа на структуру течения, поля температуры и магнитной индукции, распределение локальных чисел Нуссельта.
Abstract – The results of numerical simulation of non-stationary convective heat transfer of an electrically conductive liquid between two isothermal concentric spheres are presented in the paper. The effect of the orientation of the gravity vector and the Grashof number on the flow structure, the temperature field and magnetic induction, and the distribution of Nusselt local numbers are investigated.