bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tectonic Setting of the Kadiri Schist Belt, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: GOSWAMI Sukanta , UPADHYAY Pradeep K. , BHATTACHARJEE Purnajit , MURUGAN Malaiandi G. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPlate tectonic activity has played a critical role in the development of petrotectonic associations in the Kadiri schist belt. The calc alkaline association of basalt, andesite, dacite and rhyolite (BADR) is the signature volcanic rock suite of the convergent margin. The N‐S belt has gone below the unconformity plane of Cuddapah sediments. In the northern part geochemical and structural attributes of the Kadiri greenstone belt is studied along with microscopic observations of selected samples. Harker diagram plots of major elements generally indicate a liquid line of descent from a common source, such that BADR rocks are derived from a common parent magma of basaltic to andesitic composition. These calc‐alkaline volcanic rocks are formed at convergent margins where more silicic rocks represent more highly fractionated melt. All the litho‐units of this greenstone belt indicate crush and strain effects. The stretched pebbles in the deformed volcanic matrix with tectonite development along with associated greenschist facies metamorphism, alteration and hydration is remarkable. Flow foliation plane with N‐S strike and very low angle (5° to 10°) easterly dip and N‐S axial planar schistosity formed due to later phase isoclinal folding can be clearly identified in the field. Basic intrusives are quite common in the surrounding area. All the observations including the field setting and geochemistry clearly demonstrate ocean‐continent subduction as the tectonic environment of the study area.
Geochemistry, Geochronology and Lu‐Hf Isotopes of Peraluminous Granitic Porphyry from the Walegen Au Deposit, West Qinling Terrane
Authors: GUO Xianqing , YAN Zhen , AITCHISON Jonathan C. , FU Changlei , WANG Zongqi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWalegen Au deposit is closely correlated with granitic intrusions of Triassic age, which are composed of granite and quartz porphyries. Both granite porphyry and quartz porphyry consist of quartz, feldspar and muscovite as primary minerals. Weakly peraluminous granite porphyry (A/ CNK=1.10–1.15) is enriched in LREE, depleted in HREE with Nb‐Ta‐Ti anomalies, and displays subduction‐related geochemistry. Quartz porphyry is strongly peraluminous (A/CNK=1.64–2.81) with highly evolved components, characterized by lower TiO2, REE contents, Mg#, K/Rb, Nb/Ta, Zr/Hf ratios and higher Rb/Sr ratios than the granite porphyry. REE patterns of quartz porphyry exhibit lanthanide tetrad effect, resulting from mineral fractionation or participation of fluids with enriched F and Cl. LA‐ICP‐MS zircon U‐Pb dating indicates quartz porphyry formed at 233±3 Ma. The ages of relict zircons from Triassic magmatic rocks match well with the detrital zircons from regional area. In addition, ∊Hf(t) values of Triassic magmatic zircons from the granite and quartz porphyries are –14.2 to –9.1 (with an exception of +4.1) and –10.8 to –8.6 respectively, indicating a crustal‐dominant source. Regionally, numerous Middle Triassic granitoids were previously reported to be formed under the consumption of Paleotethyan Ocean. These facts indicate that the granitic porphyries from Walegen Au deposit may have been formed in the processes of the closing of Paleotethyan Ocean, which could correlate with the arc‐related magmatism in the Kunlun orogen to the west and the Qinling orogen to the east.
Estimation of the Shale Oil/Gas Potential of a Paleocene–Eocene Succession: A Case Study from the Meyal Area, Potwar Basin, Pakistan
Authors: AAMIR Ali , MATEE Ullah , MATLOOB Hussain , BHATTI Asher Samuel , KHAISTA Rehman 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe successful exploration and production of shale‐gas resources in the United States and Canada sets a new possible solution towards the energy crisis presently affecting most countries of Asia. This study focuses on the use of well log and 2D seismic data for the characterization of the shale oil/gas potential of a Paleocene‐Eocene succession — the Meyal area in the Potwar Basin of Pakistan. Two shaly plays are identified in Paleocene‐Eocene strata in well logs using Δ LogRand modified Δ LogRcross‐plot techniques. The results indicate that Paleocene shale (the Patala Formation) and the lower shaly part of Eocene limestone (Sakesar Formation) can be potentially mature source rocks. However, the thermal maturity modelling proves that only the Paleocene shale is mature. Our results also suggest that the maturity responses on Δ LogRmodels for the lower shaly part of the Eocene limestone are due to trapped hydrocarbons in the intra‐formational fractures. Petroelastic/petrophysical analysis of the Patala Formation reveals two potential shale oil/gas zones on the basis of Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, Brittleness index and Total Organic Content at an exploitation depth of 3980–3988 m. This work can provide valuable insight for estimating shale oil/gas potential in highly deformed basins not only in Asia but in other parts of the world.
Activity of Silica‐Rich Hydrothermal Fluid and Its Impact on Deep Dolomite Reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin, Southern China
Authors: ZHU Dongya , ZHANG Dianwei , LIU Quanyou , JIN Zhijun , HE Zhiliang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWell‐developed dissolution pores occur in the dolomites of the Sinian Dengying Formation, which is an important oil and gas reservoir layer in the Sichuan Basin and adjacent areas in southern China. The pores are often filled with quartz, and some dolomites have been metasomatically altered to siliceous chert. Few studies have documented the characteristics, source or origin of silica‐rich fluids and their effects on the dolomite reservoir. The peak homogenisation temperatures (Th) of fluid inclusions in pore‐filling quartz are between 150°C and 190°C, with an average of 173.7°C. Gases in the inclusions are mainly composed of CO2, CH4 and N2. Compared with host dolomite, pore‐filling quartz and metasomatic chert contain higher amounts of Cr, Co, Mo, W and Fe, with average concentrations of 461.58, 3.99, 5.05, 31.43 and 6666.83 ppm in quartz and 308.98, 0.99, 1.04, 13.81 and 4703.50 ppm in chert, respectively. Strontium levels are lower than that in the host dolomite, with average concentrations in quartz and chert of 4.81 and 11.06 ppm, respectively. Rare earth element compositions in quartz and chert display positive Eu anomalies with a maximum δEu of 5.72. The δDSMOW values of hydrogen isotopes in water from quartz inclusions vary from –85.1‰ to –53.1‰ with an average of –64.3‰, whereas the δ18OSMOW values range from 7.2‰ to 8.5‰ with an average of 8.2‰ The average 87Sr/ 86Sr ratios in quartz and chert are 0.711586 and 0.709917, respectively, which are higher than that in the host dolomite. The fluid inclusions, elemental and isotopic compositions demonstrate that the formation of quartz and chert was related to silica‐rich hydrothermal fluid and that the fluid was the deep circulation of meteoric water along basement faults. Interactions with silica‐rich hydrothermal fluids resulted in densification of dolomite reservoirs in the Dengying Formation through quartz precipitation and siliceous metasomatism. However, it increased the resistance of the host dolomite to compaction, improving the ability to maintain reservoir spaces during deep burial. Evidence for silica‐rich hydrothermal activity is common in the Yangtze Platform and Tarim Basin and its influence on deep dolomite reservoirs should be thoroughly considered.
Burial History and Petroleum Entrapment in the Yaoyingtai Region of the Changling Fault Depression, China
Authors: YANG Guang , LIU Changli , FAN Jiarui , CHEN Peng 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis work aims to reconstruct the burial history of various kinds of sandstones penetrated by the well YS201 in the Yaoyingtai region of the Changling Fault Depression, southern Songliao Basin, China. Analyses of fluid inclusions in the reservoir rocks, combined with a review of the regional tectonic evolution, revealed the hydrocarbon accumulation stage and accumulation age of the Early Cretaceous Denglouku group and the first member of the Quantou group reservoir, which are the future exploration focus for deep gas reservoirs in this region. Acoustic time data and sedimentary rates calculated for sediments in the YS201 well yielded thicknesses for the Yingcheng, Nenjiang, and Mingshui groups of 506, 539.18, and 144.85 m, respectively, thereby revealing the burial history of the sediments in the well. Fluid inclusions of the Denglouku group reservoir and the first member of the Quantou group reservoir contain oil inclusions and hydro‐carbonaceous salt water inclusions. The main peaks of the homogenization temperature and salinity of these saltwater inclusions in the first member of the Quantou group reservoir are generally 110–120°C and 6wt%–8wt%, respectively, and for the Denglouku group are 130–140°C and 4wt%–6wt%. The data for both reservoirs show only one main peak, indicating that they both have experienced single‐stage accumulation. Combining the homogenization temperature of the reservoir fluid inclusions with the burial and thermal history of the sediments in the YS201 well, we infer that the hydrocarbon gas in these two intervals accumulated at 79 Ma (middle Late Cretaceous).
Geochemistry of Mercury in the Permian Tectonically Deformed Coals from Peigou Mine, Xinmi Coalfield, China
Authors: SONG Dangyu , LI Chunhui , SONG Boyi , YANG Cunbei , LI Yunbo 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAs the mercury emitted from coal combustion can lead to serious environmental issues, researchers pay more attention to the content, distribution and occurrence of mercury in coal. In this paper, the content, distribution, and occurrence of mercury in the Permian tectonically deformed coals from Peigou Mine, Xinmi coalfield, Henan Province were investigated. A total of 18 bench samples were taken from No.2‐1 coals seam in Peigou Mine, including 15 coal bench samples, two roofs and one floor. The mercury concentration, mineral composition, and main inorganic element content of 18 samples were determined by DMA‐80 direct mercury analyzer, XRD, and XRF respectively. The results show that the mercury content ranges from 0.047 ppm to 0.643 ppm, with an average of 0.244 ppm. Though the coal seam has turned into typical tectonically deformed coal by the strong tectonic destruction and plastic deformation, the vertical distribution of mercury has remarkable heterogeneity in coal seam section. By the analysis of correlation between mercury and the main inorganic elements and the mineral composition in coal, we infer that majority of mercury mainly relates to pyrite or kaolinite.
Abundance and Ecology of EndemicAsterorotalia trispinosafrom the Western Bay of Bengal: Implications for its Application as a Paleomonsoon Proxy
Authors: SARASWAT Rajeev , MANASA Manumalenki , SUOKHRIE Thejasino , SAALIM Mohammad Syed , NIGAM Rajiv 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA total of 97 surface sediment samples were collected from the continental shelf and slope of the western Bay of Bengal to assess the potential application ofAsterorotalia trispinosaas a paleomonsoon proxy. The relative abundance of living as well as total (living and dead)A. trispinosaranges from being absent to a maximum of ∼31%. The highest abundance ofA. trispinosais close to the outfall region of the Ganga‐Brahmaputra Rivers and decreases away from the river mouths. Contrary to that,A. trispinosais rare in front of both the Cauvery and Pennar river outfall regions, in the central part of the western Bay of Bengal. The livingA. trispinosaabundance is the lowest in between two major river systems, viz. Ganga‐Brahmaputra‐Mahanadi and Krishna‐Godavari. The relative abundance of both the total and livingA. trispinosais strongly positively correlated with ambient seawater temperature, and negatively correlated with %Corg and salinity. Based on the spatial distribution, we conclude thatA. trispinosais stenohaline in nature, rather than euryhaline, and further that the increased relative abundance ofA. trispinosaindicates warmer and only marginally hyposaline environment. Even though the ecological preference ofA. trispinosasuggests it as a potential paleomonsoon proxy, the restricted distribution implies limited application.
Cognitive–behavioural therapy for adult attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder: a proof of concept randomised controlled trial
Authors: Dittner A. J. , Hodsoll J. , Rimes K. A. , Russell A. J. , Chalder T. 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveTo investigate efficacy, patient acceptability and feasibility of formulation‐based cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) for adults with attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). NICE guidelines for adult ADHD recommend further research into psychological treatments.MethodSixty participants with adult ADHD were randomly allocated to treatment as usual (TAU) vs. TAU plus up to 16 sessions of individual formulation‐based CBT for ADHD.ResultsAdding formulation‐based CBT to TAU for ADHD significantly improved ADHD symptoms on the Barkley Current Symptoms Scale and scores on the Work and Social Adjustment Scale. Adjusted effect sizes (ES) were 1.31 and 0.82 respectively.There were also significant improvements on secondary outcomes including independently evaluated clinical global improvement, self‐rated anxiety, depression, global distress and patient satisfaction (adjusted effect sizes 0.52–1.01).ConclusionsThis is the first randomised controlled trial to provide preliminary evidence of efficacy and acceptability of individual formulation‐based CBT for ADHD when added to TAU over TAU alone. This approach now needs to be tested in a larger multicentred randomised controlled trial.
Changes in elephant conservation management promote density‐dependent habitat selection in the Kruger National Park
Authors: Robson A. S. , van Aarde R. J. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn conservation, adaptive management relies on the assessment of past actions to improve conservation efficiencies in the future. Conservation management approaches for African elephants have recently changed, however little has been done to assess the effectiveness of these changes. This is a major shortcoming as elephants (and their management) have a considerable influence on other savanna species. Traditionally, the management of elephants has focused on artificially manipulating numbers through culling, water supplementation and fencing. Lately, and specifically in the Kruger National Park, the focus has progressed to promoting ecological processes that may naturally regulate elephant populations. Density‐dependent habitat selection – suggestive of competition for resources – is fundamental in stimulating the regulatory processes that managers expect to promote. In this paper, we evaluated how effective the changes in Kruger's elephant management approach had been in promoting density‐dependent habitat selection. We used 15 years of helicopter‐based surveys and resource selection functions to test our primary prediction that an increase in population density following the cessation of culling generalized dry‐season habitat selection by female elephants in Kruger (i.e. decreased selection of high‐quality habitat and increased selection of lower quality habitat). We found that as densities increased, female occupancy of the Park rose and dry season selection of highly wooded areas, which provide crucial resources for elephant survival and reproduction, weakened. Conversely, density had little effect on the selection of rivers. Rather, high dry‐season rainfall allowed female elephants to select areas farther from permanent water, potentially alleviating normal dry‐season foraging restrictions. Our novel identification of density‐dependent habitat selection for elephants suggests that the change in conservation management in Kruger was effective in promoting a potential driver of population regulation. We suggest that ecological principles continue to provide an effective framework for scientific evaluation and elephant conservation management in Kruger and beyond.
Gene expression profiling in embryonic chicken ovary during asymmetric development
Authors: Shaikat Amir Hossan , Namekawa Shoko , Ahmadi Sadequllah , Takeda Misa , Ohkubo Takeshi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe reproductive system in female birds arises as bilateral asymmetrical anlagen, excluding the birds of prey. Earlier, histological and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profile studies of several genes related to gonadal sex differentiation in chicken embryos tried to elucidate the query of this asymmetry in a scattered manner. To understand the matter precisely, we have focused on mRNA expression of a cohort of genes (FSHR, CYP19A1, caspase 3, caspase 8) in second half of the embryonic days (E10–E18). The established role of leptin in development of the embryo and its expression in the embryonic ovary also drove us to check leptin receptor (LEPR) expression in the ovary. Increased expression of FSHR and CYP19A1 in the left ovary compared with that in the right ovary was identified (P < 0.05), promoting preferential left ovarian development and functionality. Significant high expression (P < 0.05) of the apoptotic genes in the right ovary were also involved here. Leptin probably has no direct influence on ovarian asymmetry as no significant variation in gonadal mRNA expression of LEPR was observed within the same experimental days. We propose that asymmetric expression of this cohort of genes (FSHR, CYP19A1, caspase 3, caspase 8) leads to the development of dimorphic gonads during embryogenesis.
A hybrid trust model using reinforcement learning and fuzzy logic
Authors: Aref Abdullah , Tran Thomas 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMultiagent systems (MASs) are increasingly popular for modeling distributed environments that are highly complex and dynamic, such as e‐commerce, smart buildings, and smart grids. Typically, agents assumed to be goal driven with limited abilities, which restrains them to working with other agents for accomplishing complex tasks. Trust is considered significant in MASs to make interactions effectively, especially when agents cannot assure that potential partners share the same core beliefs about the system or make accurate statements regarding their competencies and abilities. Due to the imprecise and dynamic nature of trust in MASs, we propose a hybrid trust model that uses fuzzy logic and Q‐learning for trust modeling. as an improvement over Q‐learning‐based trust evaluation. Q‐learning is used to estimate trust on the long term, fuzzy inferences are used to aggregate different trust factors, and suspension is used as a short‐term response to dynamic changes. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated using simulation. Simulation results indicate that the proposed model can help agents select trustworthy partners to interact with. It has a better performance compared to some of the popular trust models in the presence of misbehaving interaction partners.
Geometric patterns of time‐delay plots from different cardiac rhythms and arrhythmias using short‐term EKG signals
Authors: Borracci Raúl A. , Montoya Pulvet José D. , Ingino Carlos A. , Fitz Maurice Mario , Hirschon Prado Alfredo , Dominé Enrique 
Published: December 2017

SummaryObjectiveTo date, no systematic work has been intended to describe spatio‐temporal patterns of cardiac rhythms using only short series of RR intervals, to facilitate visual or computerized‐aided identification of EKG motifs for use in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to detect and classify eye‐catching geometric patterns of Poincaré time‐delay plots from different types of cardiac rhythms and arrhythmias using short‐term EKG signals.MethodsApproximately 150–300 representative, consecutive beats were retrieved from 24‐h Holter registers of 100 patients with different heart rhythms. Two‐dimensional Poincaré charts were created, and the resulting geometric patterns were transformed into representative familiar eye‐catching drawings to interpret different arrhythmias.ResultsPoincaré plot representation of RR interval data revealed a wide variety of visual patterns: (i) comet‐shaped for sinus rhythm; (ii) torpedo‐shaped for sinus bradycardia; (iii) cigarette‐shaped for sinus tachycardia; (iv) butterfly‐shaped for sinus tachycardia and isolated atrial premature complexes; (v) arrow‐shaped for isolated premature complexes and inappropriate sinus tachycardia; (vi) inverted fan‐shaped for sinus rhythm with frequent atrial premature complexes; (vii) tornado‐shaped for atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia; and (viii) fan‐shaped for atrial fibrillation.ConclusionsModified Poincaré plots with smoothed lines connecting successive points could accurately classify different types of arrhythmias based on short RR interval sequence variability. Characteristic emergent patterns can be visually identified and eventually could be distinguished by an automatic classification system able to discern between arrhythmias. This work provides an alternative method to interpret time‐delay plots obtained from short‐term EKG signal recordings.
Special interest politics: Contribution schedules vs. Nash bargaining
Authors: Voss Achim , Schopf Mark 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe article compares two models of lobby influence on policy choice: The Grossman and Helpman (1994) contribution‐schedules model and a negotiation between the lobbies and the government summarized by a Nash‐bargaining function. The literature uses the models interchangeably because they imply the same equilibrium policy. We show that particular assumptions about bargaining power and disagreement utility in the Nash‐bargaining solution are required for the models to lead to the same equilibrium payments and utilities. This implies that the models usually imply different sets of lobbies if lobby formation is an endogenous decision, such that the equilibrium policies also differ.
Clark's Malthus delusion: response to ‘Farming in England 1200–1800’
Authors: Broadberry Stephen , Campbell Bruce M. S. , Klein Alexander , Overton Mark , van Leeuwen Bas 
Published: December 2017

AbstractClark's claims about the scale of English agricultural output from the 1200s to the 1860s flout historical and geographical reality. His income‐based estimates start with the daily real wages of adult males and assume that days worked per year were constant. Those advanced in British economic growth make no such assumption and instead are built up from the output side. They correlate better with population trends and are consistent with an economy slowly growing and becoming richer. Clark's denial that such growth occurred, his assertion that substantially more land must have been under arable cultivation, his belief that conditions of full employment invariably prevailed in the countryside at harvest time, his concern that the wage bill would have exceeded the value of output in British economic growth, his refusal to consider the possibility that the working year was of variable length, and his assertion that output per acre must have been equalized across arable and pasture are all shown to be figments of his ‘Malthus delusion’.