bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dorsally displaced fractures of the distal radius
Authors: Fullilove S. , Gozzard C. 
Published: February 2016

The results of the DRAFFT (distal radius acute fracture fixation trial) study, which compared volar plating with Kirschner (K-) wire fixation for dorsally displaced fractures of the distal radius, were published in August 2014. The use of K-wires to treat these fractures is now increasing, with a concomitant decline in the use of volar locking plates. We provide a critical appraisal of the DRAFFT study and question whether surgeons have been unduly influenced by its headline conclusions. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:298–300.
Anther culture of local upland rice varieties from East Kalimantan: effect of panicle cold pre-treatment and putrescine enriched medium
Authors: NURHASANAH NURHASANAH , PRATAMA ANANDA N. , SUNARYO WIDI 
Published: February 2016

Nurhasanah, Pratama AN, Sunaryo W. 2016. Anther culture of local upland rice varieties from East Kalimantan: effect ofpanicle cold pre-treatment and putrescine enriched medium. Biodiversitas 17: 148-153. Anther culture has been evaluated as aneffective method for homozygous plant production which is very important for the hybrid breeding program in rice. Low number ofgreen plantlets is a main obstacle in the application of this technique. Culture conditions increasing anther culture efficiency can beapplied to solve this problem especially for low regeneration frequency. This study aimed to investigate the effect of panicle cold pretreatmentÂ andÂ theÂ additionÂ ofÂ putrescineÂ intoÂ cultureÂ mediumÂ toÂ theantherÂ culturabilityÂ ofÂ localÂ uplandÂ riceÂ varietiesÂ originatedÂ fromÂ EastÂ Kalimantan.Â TwoÂ coldÂ pretreatmentÂ times,Â 8Â andÂ 10Â days,Â atÂ 4Â°CÂ andÂ antherÂ cultureÂ mediumÂ withÂ andÂ withoutÂ putrescineÂ wereÂ examinedÂ in this research. The result showed that cold incubation time effect was a genotype-dependent in influencing the ability of rice microspores to develop into callus and green plantlet regeneration. The longer cold incubation time, 10 days, resulted in the highest number of callus, plantlet as well as green plantlets in Serai Gunung cultivar but the opposite result was found in Geragai cultivar. The effect of putrescine addition in the culture medium was also observed as a genotyped-dependent. It can either increase number of calli, plantlets and green plantlets or decrease them on a specific genotype.
Performance of the XN-2000 WPC channel-flagging to differentiate reactive and neoplastic leukocytosis
Authors: Schuff-Werner Peter , Kohlschein Peter , Maroz Aliaksandra , Linssen Joachim , Dreißiger Katrin , Burstein Christine 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe distinction between reactive and neoplastic leukocytes, especially atypical lymphocytes suspected to be reactive or neoplastic, is a particular challenge in automated hematological cell differentiation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of the XN analyzer supplemented with the WPC channel for differentiating between reactive and neoplastic leukocytosis.Blood samples of 253 patients with viral infections, lymphoma or leukemia were analyzed by the Sysmex XN-2000 analyzer equipped with the WPC channel. The results were compared to routine leukocyte differentiation using the routine Sysmex XE-2100 analyzer and automated digital microscopy (DM96). The combined information from standard morphology, immune phenotyping and clinical diagnosis served as a reference.The XN WPC channel demonstrated an excellent performance for differentiating neoplastic (AUC=0.933) and reactive leukocytosis (AUC=0.900) as compared to morphological smear examination (AUC=0.949 and AUC=0.968, respectively) or to the differentiation results of our routine hematology analyzer (AUC=0.630 and AUC=0.635, respectively).Our data show that the combined WDF/WPC of the Sysmex XN-Series analyzer is advantageous in the automated differentiation of neoplastic and reactive leukocytosis, thus supporting the correct diagnostic decision in the daily laboratory routine.
Numerical Study on Concentration Polarization for H2-N2 Separation through a Thin Pd Membrane by Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Mansourpour Zahra , Sharafpoor Abdolmajid , Ghaee Azadeh 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
In this paper, a 3D modeling of Hydrogen separation from H2/N2 mixture by pd/α-Al2O3 hollow fiber membrane in steady and unsteady state using computational fluid dynamic was considered. The effect of operating condition such as temperature, pressure and feed flow rate on concentration polarization was examined. Using concept of concentration polarization, controlling mass transfer in membrane module was determined. Also by applying sensitivity factor of flux that is used for analysis of concentration polarization, the best performance of membrane was found. The CFD results show good agreement with experimental data.
An ARL-Unbiased n
p-Chart
Authors: Morais Manuel Cabral 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
We usually assume
that counts of nonconforming items have a binomial distribution with parameters (n,p), where n and p represent the sample size and the fraction nonconforming, respectively.
The non-negative, discrete and usually skewed character and the target mean

(
n

p
0

)

${(np_0)}$

of this distribution may prevent the quality control engineer to deal with a chart to monitor p with:
a pre-specified in-control average run length (ARL), say

α

-
1

${\alpha ^{-1}}$

;
a positive lower control limit;
the ability to control not only increases but also decreases in p in an expedient fashion.
Furthermore, as far as we have investigated, the n
p- and p-charts proposed in the Statistical Process Control literature are ARL-biased, in the sense that they take longer, in average, to detect some shifts in the fraction nonconforming than to trigger a false alarm.
Having all this in mind, this paper explores the notions of uniformly most powerful unbiased tests with
randomization probabilities to eliminate the bias of the ARL function of the n
p-chart and to bring its in-control ARL exactly to

α

-
1

${\alpha ^{-1}}$

.
Voter Turnout in Presidential Nominating Contests
Authors: McDonald Michael P. , Merivaki Thessalia 
Published: February 2016

AbstractPresidential elections are conducted in two stages. The November general election is proceeded by a series of contests where delegates are selected to national party conventions, which is where the parties select their candidates for the fall election. These nominating contests’ political environments vary: the rules regarding who can participate; the levels of electoral competition, which are related to when they are held; and that other offices present on the ballot, if any. We explore the effects of these conditions on voter participation in recent presidential contests and generally find turnout highest in competitive and inclusive contests where other offices are on the ballot. Examining the 2008 American National Election Panel Study, we find primary voters are more ideologically extreme than general election voters, but there is little difference between voters in closed and open primary states. We suggest primary type has little effect on the ideological composition of the electorate because modern nomination contests are low turnout elections that draw only the most politically interested.
iBH3: simple, fixable BH3 profiling to determine apoptotic priming in primary tissue by flow cytometry
Authors: Ryan Jeremy , Montero Joan , Rocco James , Letai Anthony 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Dysregulation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins, leads to disease states including cancer. Rapid analysis of a cell’s dependency on the BCL-2 family of proteins is hindered by the complex interactions of more than a dozen proteins. Transcript or even protein levels are therefore generally insufficient to predict a cell’s response to perturbations like chemotherapy. Previously, we developed the JC-1 BH3 method to provide a same day functional assay to assess a cell’s propensity to undergo apoptosis and demonstrated its utility in predicting response to chemotherapy. We have now improved upon these methods to create a robust assay amenable to high throughput platforms using cytochrome c retention in formaldehyde fixed cells to remove the time sensitivity of JC-1 potential measurements. BH3 profiling by intracellular staining (iBH3) is suitable for 96- and 384-well formats, and can be used to directly screen candidate BH3-mimetic compounds for activity. When used as the final component of dynamic BH3 profiling (DBP), which uses a drug pretreatment prior to iBH3 to assess the change in profile due to treatment, it can predict the response of cells to chemotherapy days before they show signs of death.
On the Predictive Content of Nonlinear Transformations of Lagged Autoregression Residuals and Time Series Observations
Authors: Rossen Anja 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Although many macroeconomic time series are assumed to follow nonlinear processes, nonlinear models often do not provide better predictions than their linear counterparts. Furthermore, nonlinear models easily become very complex and difficult to estimate. The aim of this study is to investigate whether simple nonlinear extensions of autoregressive processes are able to provide more accurate forecasting results than linear models. Therefore, simple autoregressive processes are extended by means of nonlinear transformations (quadratic, cubic, sine, exponential functions) of lagged time series observations and autoregression residuals. The proposed forecasting models are applied to a large set of macroeconomic and financial time series for 10 European countries. Findings suggest that these models, including nonlinear transformation of lagged autoregression residuals, are able to provide better forecasting results than simple linear models. Thus, it may be possible to improve the forecasting accuracy of linear models by including nonlinear components. This is especially true for time series that are positively tested for nonlinear characteristics and longer forecast horizons.
Variables as Contextual Constraints in Translating Irony
Authors: Babîi Oana 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The translator’s role and responsibility are high in any act of interlingual communication, and even higher when irony, an indirect and deliberately elusive form of communication, is involved in the translation process. By allowing more than one possible interpretation, irony is inevitably exposed to the risk of being misunderstood. This paper attempts to capture the complexity of translating irony, making use of theoretical frameworks provided by literary studies and translation studies. It analyses if and how the types of irony, the literary genres and the cultural, normative factors, perceived as potential contextual constraints, have an impact on the translator’ choices in rendering irony in translation, taking illustrative examples from Jonathan Swift, Oscar Wilde, Aldous Huxley and David Lodge’s works.
Design Optimization Method for Composite Components Based on Moment Reliability-Sensitivity Criteria
Authors: Sun Zhigang , Wang Changxi , Niu Xuming , Song Yingdong 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIn this paper, a Reliability-Sensitivity Based Design Optimization (RSBDO) methodology for the design of the ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) components has been proposed. A practical and efficient method for reliability analysis and sensitivity analysis of complex components with arbitrary distribution parameters are investigated by using the perturbation method, the respond surface method, the Edgeworth series and the sensitivity analysis approach. The RSBDO methodology is then established by incorporating sensitivity calculation model into RBDO methodology. Finally, the proposed RSBDO methodology is applied to the design of the CMCs components. By comparing with Monte Carlo simulation, the numerical results demonstrate that the proposed methodology provides an accurate, convergent and computationally efficient method for reliability-analysis based finite element modeling engineering practice.
CITED2 modulation of trophoblast cell differentiation: insights from global transcriptome analysis
Authors: Imakawa Kazuhiko , Dhakal Pramod , Kubota Kaiyu , Kusama Kazuya , Chakraborty Damayanti , Karim Rumi M A , J Soares Michael 
Published: February 2016

Trophoblast stem (TS) cells possess the capacity to differentiate along a multi-lineage pathway yielding several specialized cell types. The regulatory network controlling trophoblast cell differentiation is poorly understood. Cbp/p300-interacting transactivator with Glu/Asp-rich carboxy-terminal domain, 2 (CITED2) has been implicated in the regulation of placentation; however, we know little about how CITED2 acts to influence trophoblast cells. Rat Rcho-1 TS cells can be manipulated to proliferate or differentiate into specialized trophoblast lineages and are an excellent model for investigating trophoblast differentiation. CITED2 transcript and protein showed a robust induction during Rcho-1 TS cell differentiation. We used an shRNA knockdown approach to disrupt CITED2 expression in order to investigate its involvement in trophoblast cell differentiation. RNA-sequencing was used to examine the impact of CITED2 on trophoblast cell differentiation. CITED2 disruption affected the differentiating trophoblast cell transcriptome. CITED2 possessed a prominent role in the regulation of cell differentiation with links to several signal transduction pathways and to hypoxia-regulated and coagulation processes. In summary, our findings indicate that CITED2 contributes to the regulation of trophoblast cell differentiation.Reproduction (2016) 151 1–8
Early Exposure to Nonnutritive Sweeteners and Long-term Metabolic Health: A Systematic Review
Authors: Reid Ashleigh E. , Chauhan Bhupendrasinh F. , Rabbani Rasheda , Lys Justin , Copstein Leslie , Mann Amrinder , Abou-Setta Ahmed M. , Fiander Michelle , MacKay Dylan S. , McGavock Jonathan , Wicklow Brandy , Zarychanski Ryan , Azad Meghan B. 
Published: February 2016

CONTEXT:
Nonnutritive sweetener (NNS) consumption is increasing among children, yet its long-term health impact is unclear, particularly when exposure occurs during early life.

OBJECTIVE:
To synthesize evidence from prospective studies evaluating the association of early-life NNS exposure and long-term metabolic health.

DATA SOURCES:
Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library (inception to July 2015).

STUDY SELECTION:
We aimed to include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating NNS-based interventions and prospective cohort studies reporting NNS exposure among pregnant women, infants, or children (&lt;12 years of age), with a minimum study duration of 6 months.

DATA EXTRACTION:
The primary outcome was BMI; secondary outcomes included growth velocity, overweight/obesity, adiposity, and adverse metabolic effects. Study quality and risk of bias were evaluated using validated assessment tools.

RESULTS:
We identified 6 eligible cohort studies and 2 RCTs (n = 15 641 children). Half of the cohorts reported increasing weight gain or fat mass accumulation with increasing NNS intake, and pooled data from 2 cohorts showed a significant correlation with BMI gain (weighted mean correlation 0.023, 95% confidence interval 0.006 to 0.041). RCTs reported contradictory effects on weight change in children receiving NNSs. No eligible studies evaluated prenatal or infant NNS exposure.

LIMITATIONS:
Meta-analysis was limited because of the small number of eligible studies and heterogeneity of populations and outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS:
There is limited and inconsistent evidence of the long-term metabolic effects of NNS exposure during gestation, infancy, and childhood. Further research is needed to inform recommendations for the use of NNSs in this sensitive population.
A variação teu/seu: um estudo diacrônico e sincrônico
Authors: Pereira Rachel De Oliveira 
Published: February 2016

<div class="page" title="Page 99"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>O presente trabalho orienta-se para o estudo da forma possessiva </span><span>teu </span><span>em oposição à forma </span><span>seu</span><span>, através de duas perspectivas: na diacronia e na sincronia. Para a análise diacrônica, observa-se a utilização das estratégias possessivas em cartas pessoais de diferentes famílias datadas de 1870 a 1980. No total foram utilizadas 143 cartas para compor o </span><span>corpus</span><span>, no entanto, com o intuito de fazer uma análise mais confiável, tais cartas foram divididas em torno de 10 cartas por década. Na análise sincrônica, observou-se a variação entre as formas possessivas através de esquetes do canal “Porta dos Fundos”. Desta maneira, busca-se descrever a utilização dessas formas, observando seus usos de acordo com a situação comunicativa estabelecida, através dos padrões discutidos pela teoria do Poder e Solidariedade (BROWN; GILMAN, 1960). O estudo também leva em conta os pressupostos teóricos da teoria variacionista quantitativa laboviana (LABOV, 1994), visando identificar os fatores linguísticos e extralinguísticos que determinam o uso dos pronomes possessivos referentes à segunda pessoa do singular. Em síntese, este estudo preliminar aponta que as formas possessivas tendem a acompanhar o comportamento do sujeito na diacronia e que o possessivo </span><span>seu</span><span>, aparentemente, possui um comportamento polifuncional. </span></p></div></div></div></div>
Análisis de crecimiento de árboles de guayaba (<i>Psidium guajava</i> L.) var. ICA Palmira II sometidos a deficiencia de N, P, K, Mg, Ca y B en fase de vivero
Authors: Dussán C. Sindy Lorena , Villegas H. Daniel Andrés , Miranda L. Diego 
Published: February 2016

<p>La guayaba especie frutícola perteneciente a la familia Myrtaceae; se destaca por ser una fruta de alto contenido vitamínico; es un cultivo con poca investigación y asistencia técnica, especialmente en el área de la fertilización, sin embargo, cuenta con enorme potencial de expansión en cuanto a tecnificación y rentabilidad. Plantas de guayaba var. ICA Palmira II de 3 meses de edad fueron trasplantadas a bolsas plásticas, fueron mantenidas durante 128 días en condiciones de invernadero plástico. Se indujo deficiencia nutricional mediante la técnica del elemento faltante en aplicación de soluciones nutritivas, usando un diseño experimental totalmente aleatorizado con 152 unidades muéstrales, 8 tratamientos y 3 repeticiones, de la siguiente forma: T0: aplicación de agua sin adición de elementos minerales; T1: fertilización completa (testigo absoluto); T2: sin nitrógeno (-N); T3: sin fósforo (-P); T4: sin potasio (-K); T5: sin magnesio (-Mg); T6: sin calcio (–Ca) y T7: sin boro (-B). Se determinó la tasa relativa de crecimiento (TRC), índice de área foliar (IAF), área foliar especifica (AFE), relación de área foliar (RAF) y tasa de asimilación neta (TAN). Se encontró que en comparación con la fertilización completa la omisión de nitrógeno, fue el tratamiento más limitante en etapas tempranas de desarrollo de plántulas de guayaba. En cambio, en el tratamiento sin boro (–B), el crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas no se limitó, ya que no se reprimió la emisión de nuevos tejidos y la acumulación de materia seca. La carencia de K, P, Mg y Ca, no presentó efecto negativo sobre el crecimiento y desarrollo de los árboles de guayaba, sin embargo, las plantas sometidas a estos tratamientos presentaron síntomas característicos de la deficiencia en plantas de interés agronómico.</p>
Diagnósticos de enfermagem sobre capacidade funcional na doença de Parkinson: mapeamento cruzado
Authors: Tosin Michelle Hyczy de Siqueira , Campos Debora Moraes , Blanco Luciana , Santana Rosimere Ferreira , Renaud Baptista de Oliveira Beatriz Guitton 
Published: February 2016

Objetivo: realizar o mapeamento cruzado dos diagnósticos de enfermagem não padronizados com o sistema de classificação NANDA Internacional, presentes nos domínios “Atividade/Repouso”e “Segurança/proteção” e relacionados à capacidade funcional de pacientes com doença de Parkinson de um programa de reabilitação. Método: estudo descritivo com pesquisa documental para realização do mapeamento cruzado. Amostra aleatória simples de 67 prontuários e 335 registros de enfermagem, no período de março/2009 a abril/2013. Resultados: Dos 93 termos da linguagem de enfermagem, emergiram do mapeamento cruzado 15 diagnósticos padronizados com NANDA Internacional. Os mais mapeados foram “Mobilidade física prejudicada” (22%) e “Risco de quedas” (11%). Para “Mobilidade Física prejudicada”, foram mapeadas sete características definidoras. Dois termos da linguagem de enfermagem não foram passíveis de mapeamento com a taxonomia. Conclusão: O mapeamento cruzado permitiu identificar os diagnósticos padronizados com NANDA Internacional. Isso possibilita a universalização e a consolidação do papel do enfermeiro reabilitador na doença de Parkinson.
Redes semánticas naturales: técnica para representar los significados que las jóvenes universitarias tienen del maquillaje
Authors: Arévalo Silva Erika , Martínez Díaz Domingo 
Published: February 2016

Trabajo de investigaciónEl presente artículo se deriva de una investigación realizada con el fin de conocer los significados psicológicos que las estudiantes de pregrado de la Universidad del Norte de Barranquilla tienen sobre el maquillaje, como también la importancia que ellas le dan a cada uno de estos significados. Se utilizó la técnica de las redes semánticas naturales; el instrumento fue aplicado a una muestra de 122 estudiantes matriculadas en los programas de pregrado de la Universidad del Norte, entre 18 y 22 años de edad.
La gestión de la “horizontalidad” tecnológica: el caso Vaelsys
Authors: Merino Carlos , Cermeño Eduardo 
Published: February 2016

Artículo de casoEl fenómeno emprendedor presenta diferentes facetas sobre las que se centran los estudios y análisis, a saber, habilidades, motivaciones, tecnología, financiación, riesgo, etc., todas ellas importantes retos para el proceso de consolidación de los proyectos innovadores. Desde este punto de vista las nuevas empresas de base tecnológica caracterizadas por el lema “el I+D como negocio” revisten un claro papel protagonista dentro del interés estratégico que ostenta el colectivo de emprendedores.Así, aspectos clave en esta aproximación empresarial giran alrededor del marco de la gestión que debe acompañar el contexto de know how científico-tecnológico que poseen de forma diferenciada estos proyectos. No obstante, a pesar de esta especialización necesaria para dotar de valor añadido a las nuevas empresas de base tecnológica surgen a veces determinadas realidades organizativas que cuentan con una característica fundamental por oportunidad y por requerimientos de gestión, que en este caso se concreta en la horizontalidad o transversalidad que posee la oferta.De esta forma, su aplicación se posibilita a múltiples sectores, mercados, segmentos o realidades, cuyo apropiado tratamiento necesita de la mezcla de visión sistémica y particular de cada uno de los cuadrantes en los que ubicar el producto/servicio.Este es el caso de la empresa Vaelsys, enmarcada en el contexto tecnológico de la videovigilancia cuyo amplio espectro de aplicaciones evidencia una importante capa de estrategia y gestión para adecuar la oferta en cada caso de aplicación, contenido clave de valor añadido para la transferencia de conocimiento a otros emprendedores a modo de caso de estudio
Indoles as anticancer agents
Authors: El-sayed Mardia T , Hamdy Nehal A , Osman Dalia A , Ahmed Khadiga M 
Published: February 2016

<p>Indoles are natural products well known for their anticancer activity, which is related to their ability to induce cell death for many cancer cell lines. This review addresses indoles as natural products, mechanism of indoles, facilitated induction and recent studies with indoles and related compounds that were investigated via anticancer screening and that led to drug approval.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p>