bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unraveling the complexities of invasive multimodality neuromonitoring
Authors: Sinha Saurabh , Hudgins Eric , Schuster James , Balu Ramani 
Published: November 2017

Acute brain injuries are a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Survivors of life-threatening brain injury often face a lifetime of dependent care, and novel approaches that improve outcome are sorely needed. A delayed cascade of brain damage, termed secondary injury, occurs hours to days and even weeks after the initial insult. This delayed phase of injury provides a crucial window for therapeutic interventions that could limit brain damage and improve outcome.A major barrier in the ability to prevent and treat secondary injury is that physicians are often unable to target therapies to patients’ unique cerebral physiological disruptions. Invasive neuromonitoring with multiple complementary physiological monitors can provide useful information to enable this tailored, precision approach to care. However, integrating the multiple streams of time-varying data is challenging and often not possible during routine bedside assessment.The authors review and discuss the principles and evidence underlying several widely used invasive neuromonitors. They also provide a framework for integrating data for clinical decision making and discuss future developments in informatics that may allow new treatment paradigms to be developed.
Motivators and Barriers to Exercise in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Afshari Mitra , Yang Amy , Bega Danny 
Published: November 2017

Background: Despite evidence for the benefits of exercise in Parkinson’s disease (PD), many patients remain sedentary for undefined reasons. Objective: To compare exercise habits, perceptions about exercise, and barriers to exercise in ‘low’ (<3 h/week) and ‘high’ (≥3 h/week) exercisers with PD. Methods: A 48-item survey was administered to PD patients at an outpatient academic center. Chi-squared tests were used to compare the percentage differences between low- and high-exercisers with two-sided tests and a significant level of 0.05. Results: 243 surveys were collected over three months; 28 were excluded due to incomplete data, leaving 215 to be analyzed. 49.3% reported ‘low’-exercise and 50.7% reported ‘high’-exercise. High-exercisers participated in higher intensity exercise regimens (83.4% versus 32.1%, p≤0.001). High-exercisers were more likely to start exercising after being diagnosed (54.2% versus 27.8%, p < 0.001), whereas low-exercisers were more likely to reduce their amount of exercise (40.2% versus 15.9%, p < 0.001). Low-exercisers required more motivating factors. Both groups benefited from having a significant other or a personal trainer motivate them, and both were more likely to exercise if their neurologist encouraged them. Low-exercisers reported twice as many barriers as high-exercisers ( p = 0.001). Barriers that were significantly more common in low-exercisers were: lacking someone to motivate them (33.3% versus 10.5%, p < 0.001), fatigue (20.8% versus 15.2%, p = 0.005), and depression (16.7% versus 7.6%, p = 0.045). Conclusions: There are significant differences between people with PD who exercise regularly and those who do not in terms of motivators and barriers. These findings should be considered when tailoring recommendations for PD patients to encourage exercise, and in designing future interventions.
Increasing Efficiency of Recruitment in Early Parkinson’s Disease Trials: A Case Study Examination of the STEADY-PD III Trial
Authors: Berk Sarah , Greco Brittany L. , Biglan Kevin , Kopil Catherine M. , Holloway Robert G. , Meunier Claire , Simuni Tanya 
Published: November 2017

Background: Challenges in clinical trial recruitment threaten the successful development of improved therapies. This is particularly true in Parkinson’s disease (PD) studies of disease modification where the population of interest is difficult to find and study design is more complex. Objective: This paper seeks to understand how STEADY PD III, a National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) funded phase 3 trial evaluating the efficacy of isradipine as a disease modifying agent for PD, was able to recruit their full target population 6 months ahead of schedule. Methods: STEADY PD III aimed to enroll 336 individuals with early stage idiopathic PD within 18 months using 57 sites across the United States and Canada. The study included a 10% NIH minority recruitment goal. Eligible participants agreed to be followed for up to 36 months, complete 12 in-person visits and 4 telephone visits. A Recruitment Committee of key stakeholders was critical in the development of a comprehensive recruitment strategy involving: multi-modal outreach, protocol modifications and comprehensive site selection and activation. Efforts to increase site-specific minority recruitment strategies were encouraged through additional funding. Results: A total of 336 individuals, including 34 minorities, were enrolled within 12 months – 6 months ahead of the projected timeline. Quantitative analysis of recruitment activity questionnaires found that of the sites that completed them ( n = 54), (20.4%) met goals, (24.1%) exceeded goals, and (55.6%) fell below projected goals. Referral sources completed at time of screening indicate top four study referral sources as: site personnel (53.8%); neurologists (24%); Fox Trial Finder (10.2%); and communications from The Michael J. Fox Foundation (3.9%). Conclusions: STEADY PD III serves as an important example of methods that can be used to increase clinical trial recruitment. This research highlights a continued need to improve site infrastructure and dedicate more resources to increased participation of minorities in clinical research.
Domperidone for Hypotension in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bacchi Stephen , Chim Ivana , Kramer Philippe , Postuma Ronald B. 
Published: November 2017

Background: Domperidone is a proposed treatment of orthostatic hypotension (OH) in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, domperidone use in PD is tempered by concerns regarding QT prolongation and ventricular tachyarrhythmia and sudden cardiac death (VT/SCD). Objective: The aim is to identify peer-reviewed studies in which either (1) the effect of domperidone on blood pressure in patients with PD, or (2) the adverse effects associated with domperidone use in PD patients has been reported. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Medline and Scopus were searched using the terms Parkinson’ s disease and domperidone. Results: Twenty-two articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. One study was a randomized placebo-controlled trial with domperidone administration independent of the commencement of dopaminergic medications. This study identified a non-statistically significant trend that domperidone may be beneficial for OH in PD. Several studies identified statistically significant differences in BP with domperidone in the setting of initiating dopaminergic medication. There is currently the most evidence to support domperidone use with apomorphine commencement. Studies reporting domperidone adverse effects in PD patients were largely retrospective or cross-sectional. The identified studies demonstrated that domperidone may cause QT prolongation and is associated with increased risk of VT/SCD in PD patients with preexisting cardiac disease. Conclusions: Domperidone may help to ameliorate OH associated with dopaminergic medications in PD, namely when used in conjunction with apomorphine. When considering whether to use domperidone in PD, factors that should be taken into account include pre-existing heart disease and drug interactions, as well as the impact of OH on mobility, cognition and quality of life.
Differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: Major changes in the American Joint Committee on Cancer eighth edition cancer staging manual
Authors: Perrier Nancy D. , Brierley James D. , Tuttle R. Michael 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTAnswer questions and earn CME/CNEThis is a review of the major changes in the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging manual, eighth edition, for differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. All patients younger than 55 years have stage I disease unless they have distant metastases, in which case, their disease is stage II. In patients aged 55 years or older, the presence of distant metastases confers stage IVB, while cases without distant metastases are further categorized based on the presence/absence of gross extrathyroidal extension, tumor size, and lymph node status. Patients aged 55 years or older whose tumor measures 4 cm or smaller (T1‐T2) and is confined to the thyroid (N0, NX) have stage I disease, and those whose tumor measures greater than 4 cm and is confined to the thyroid (T3a) have stage II disease regardless of lymph node status. Patients aged 55 years or older whose tumor is confined to the thyroid and measures 4 cm or smaller (T1‐T2) with any lymph node metastases present (N1a or N1b) have stage II disease. In patients who demonstrate gross extrathyroidal extension, the disease is considered stage II if only the strap muscles are grossly invaded (T3b); stage III if there is gross invasion of the subcutaneous tissue, larynx, trachea, esophagus, or recurrent laryngeal nerve (T4a); or stage IVA if there is gross invasion of the prevertebral fascia or tumor encasing the carotid artery or internal jugular vein (T4b). The same T definitions will be used for both differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancer, but the basic premise of the anatomic stage groups will remain the same. CA Cancer J Clin 2018;68:55‐63. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Lanthanides or Dust in Kilonovae: Lessons Learned from GW170817
Authors: Gall Christa , Hjorth Jens , Rosswog Stephan , Tanvir Nial R. , Levan Andrew J. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The unprecedented optical and near-infrared lightcurves of the first electromagnetic counterpart to a gravitational-wave source, GW170817, a binary neutron star merger, exhibited a strong evolution from blue to near-infrared (a so-called “kilonova” or “macronova”). The emerging near-infrared component is widely attributed to the formation of r-process elements that provide the opacity to shift the blue light into the near-infrared. An alternative scenario is that the light from the blue component gets extinguished by dust formed by the kilonova and subsequently is re-emitted at near-infrared wavelengths. We test here this hypothesis using the lightcurves of AT 2017gfo, the kilonova accompanying GW170817. We find that of the order of

of carbon is required to reproduce the optical/near-infrared lightcurves as the kilonova fades. This putative dust cools from ∼2000 K at ∼4 days after the event to ∼1500 K over the course of the following week, thus requiring dust with a high condensation temperature, such as carbon. We contrast this with the nucleosynthetic yields predicted by a range of kilonova wind models. These suggest that at most

of carbon is formed. Moreover, the decay in the inferred dust temperature is slower than that expected in kilonova models. We therefore conclude that in current models of the blue component of the kilonova, the near-infrared component in the kilonova accompanying GW170817 is unlikely to be due to dust.
Guerre de Trente ans et paix de Westphalie : un bilan historiographique
Authors: Gantet Claire 
Published: November 2017

Guidée par des renouvellements généraux des historiographies nationales et des questions d’actualité, l’historiographie de la guerre de Trente ans s’est profondément renouvelée depuis les 350 ans des Traités de Westphalie en 1998. À l’aube d’une nouvelle commémoration – le tricentenaire du début de la guerre en 2018 –, cet article se veut un état des lieux raisonné et critique de la recherche sur une des césures de l’histoire moderne encore mal connue des historiens francophones. Il ébauche ensuite une ouverture sur le thème de la pacification et de la ‘nostalgie’ ou traumatisme des contemporains, lequel montre à quel point l’histoire de cette période n’est pas close.
Handicap : une identité entre-deux
Authors: Le Breton David 
Published: November 2017

Dans les cultures occidentales, le corps est la première frontière. Quand un accident ou une maladie inattendue vient abîmer le corps, c’est le rapport au monde en son entier qui est altéré, et pas seulement le corps. Celui qui prétend à l’humanité de sa condition sans en offrir les apparences ordinaires, à cause de ses mutilations ou de ses difformités, à cause de ses actions imprévisibles, de ses difficultés de déplacement, ou de sa difficulté à communiquer, est promis à une existence sur la scène, sous le feu des regards sans indulgence des passants ou des témoins de sa dissemblance.
Handicap : une identité entre-deux
Authors: Talpin Jean-Marc 
Published: November 2017

Depuis une vingtaine d’années émerge la question du vieillissement des personnes porteuses de handicap. Il s’agira ici de traiter cette question, à partir des personnes présentant un handicap psychique, sous deux angles, étroitement intriqués l’un à l’autre : – celui de la clinique de ces sujets : que signifie (ou pas) le vieillissement pour eux ? Comment se manifeste-t-il dans la relation à eux, dans leurs comportements, dans le corps ? – celui de leur inscription institutionnelle : question de leur devenir, des effets sur les institutions et les professionnels de leur accueil. De l’installation dans des lieux gériatriques ou dans des lieux créés pour eux. Le propos s’appuiera sur des entretiens en psychiatrie et sur des expériences de formation auprès de différentes équipes de professionnels en ehpad et en établissement spécialisé.
Les « communes nouvelles », vous avez dit nouvelles ?
Authors: Kada Nicolas 
Published: November 2017

Résumé Rares sont les dispositifs législatifs portant sur l’organisation territoriale qui font consensus. La loi du 16 mars 2015 relative à « l’amélioration du régime des communes nouvelles, pour des communes fortes et vivantes » est à cet égard un cas singulier. Certes, elle vient modifier un régime juridique récent et présenté dès l’origine comme novateur. Pour autant, ces communes nouvelles le sont-elles vraiment ? Les règles de droit relatives à leur création, leur fonctionnement ou leur financement marquent-elles une rupture aussi forte qu’affichée ? En dépit (ou en raison) du succès rencontré par ce nouveau type de communes, cette interrogation ne peut qu’appeler une réponse tout en nuances.
Effects of Didactic Instruction and Test-Enhanced Learning in a Nursing Review Course
Authors: Tu Yu-Ching , Lin Yi-Jung , Lee Jonathan W. , Fan Lir-Wan 
Published: November 2017

Background:
Determining the most effective approach for students' successful academic performance and achievement on the national licensure examination for RNs is important to nursing education and practice.

Method:
A quasi-experimental design was used to compare didactic instruction and test-enhanced learning among nursing students divided into two fundamental nursing review courses in their final semester. Students in each course were subdivided into low-, intermediate-, and high-score groups based on their first examination scores. Mixed model of repeated measure and two-way analysis of variance were applied to evaluate students' academic results and both teaching approaches.

Results:
Intermediate-scoring students' performances improved more through didactic instruction, whereas low-scoring students' performances improved more through test-enhanced learning.

Conclusion:

Each method had differing effects on individual subgroups within the different performance level groups of their classes, which points to the importance of considering both the didactic and test-enhanced learning approaches. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(11):683–687.]
Teaching Strategies to Increase Nursing Student Acceptance and Management of Unconscious Bias
Authors: Schultz Paula L. , Baker Janet 
Published: November 2017

Background:
Medical providers' unconscious biases may contribute to health disparities. Awareness and self-reflection strategies commonly used to teach cultural competence in academic settings are generally ineffective in reducing unconscious bias or motivating change.

Method:

This article describes the innovative teaching strategies implemented in a graduate setting (
N
= 75) to increase nursing learners' acceptance and management of unconscious bias. Strategies used guided the debriefing and feedback that incorporated implicit association testing, interactive audience polling, categorized management strategies, and perspective taking.

Results:
Strategies resulted in positive learner feedback, including a high likelihood to learn more about unconscious bias, acceptance of unconscious bias influence on health disparities, and importance of using management strategies to address personal bias.

Conclusion:

Increasingly diverse patient populations require nurses who have the skills to understand, assess, and correct unconscious biases. To accomplish this goal, consistent exposure to unconscious bias curricula that includes focused debriefing, feedback, and management strategies is needed at all levels of nursing education. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(11):692–696.]
El regne de Mallorca, la corona d’Aragó i França al començament del segle XIV
Authors: Riera i Melis Antoni 
Published: November 2017

Vers la fin du XIIIe siècle, le royaume de Majorque a renforcé ses relations avec la Couronne d'Aragon, une fois qu'il a renoncé à ses prétentions sur les îles Baléares, par l'intermédiaire de l'accord d’Argelès. Ensemble, les deux états créés par Jacques I, politique anachronique du Conquérant envers sa propre succession, s'opposaient à l'avancée française vers les Pyrénées et les montagnes des Corbières; ils ont également résisté à l'hostilité de la Ligurie envers eux dans les deux bassins de la Méditerranée. L'alliance, cependant, a entraîné des coûts pour Jacques II de Majorque, qui n'a pas pu forcer les commerçants catalans au paiement du nouveau tarif des îles Baléares. Cela impliqua également des coûts pour son neveu homonyme en Aragon, qui a dû accepter la mise en place d'un système monétaire indépendant dans l'enclave des Baléares, ainsi que la prolifération des consulats majorquins au Maghreb. Parallèlement, les gouvernements de Barcelone et de Perpignan, par une pression diplomatique commune, ont obtenu des résultats substantiels dans leurs conflits respectifs avec la monarchie française ; en 1313, au Traité de Poissy, le trafic commercial dans le Golfe de Léon et la frontière pyrénéenne se sont normalisés, des mécanismes de compensation, effacés par les confiscations réciproques de biens, ont été établis et la Vallée d'Aran a été renvoyée et réintégrée dans Catalogne.
Un moment clé de l’histoire du royaume de Majorque : la fin de la vicomté de Castelnou (1321-1369)
Authors: Claverie Pierre-Vincent 
Published: November 2017

Une idée reçue voudrait que la vicomté de Castelnou ait disparu en 1321, à l’instigation du roi Sanç de Majorque. Divers documents montrent qu’il n’en fut rien et que la vicomté des Aspres échut en 1321 à une fille du vicomte Jaspert V, âgée de trois ans. Parvenue à l’âge adulte, Sibil·la céda ses droits au roi Jacques III de Majorque, en échange du règlement des dettes de son père et du paiement de sa dot. Cette dernière fut fixée à 10 000 réaux d’or, lorsque Sibil·la épousa, en 1339, un seigneur dauphinois, répondant au nom d’Hugues Alleman. La chute du royaume de Majorque compromit malheureusement l’exécution de l’accord négocié entre les parties. Aussi le roi Pierre le Cérémonieux eût-il à régler au nom de son cousin, en 1353, un arriéré de 1 781 florins et demi, tandis qu’Hugues Alleman obtenait de la justice française une compensation financière de 7 000 florins.
De la convergence à la conversion. Les juifs de Majorque (XIIIe-XVIIe siècle)
Authors: Soussen Claire 
Published: November 2017

La présence juive dans l’île de Majorque remonte aux premiers siècles du Moyen Âge. Considérés comme un atout pour faciliter la transition après la Reconquête, les juifs se voient garantir des privilèges par le pouvoir royal. Une première inflexion de leur sort se produit lorsque l’Église accentue ses efforts pour convertir cette minorité religieuse. Entre le XVe et le XVIIe siècles, alors même qu’il n’existe plus de juifs à Majorque, leurs descendants convertis sont stigmatisés en tant que Xuetes.
Le plus grand : Philippe ou Akbar ? L’islam indien à l’aune de la monarchie catholique, dans le traité Fuente de Vida
Authors: Didier Hugues 
Published: November 2017

Singulière œuvre d’exportation que Fuente de vida de Jerónimo Javier, composée en Inde, à Agra (1600) : bien qu’écrite en espagnol, elle ne sera lue et commentée ou réfutée qu’une fois traduite en persan, langue de la cour du Grand Mogol. Elle répond principalement à deux buts, l’un est religieux, l’autre géopolitique : d’une part, interférer avec des arguments de type lullien dans l’entreprise d’étatisation et de réforme de l’islam conduite par Akbar, souverain indo-musulman dont le règne coïncide presque exactement avec celui de Philippe II. D’autre part, convaincre Akbar, que rien n’égale en étendue territoriale, en organisation politique et religieuse, la monarchie catholique dont il est le représentant officieux : perfection hors de son atteinte.
Occidente y Asia en las crónicas de Filipinas del siglo XVII. La atracción de China y la acomodación de la Monarquía Hispánica en las antípodas
Authors: García-Abásolo Antonio 
Published: November 2017

Estudio de las percepciones de Asia que tuvieron los europeos que la conocieron cuando terminaba el siglo XVI y durante el XVII. Centrado en los testimonios de cronistas religiosos, funcionarios y viajeros, con frecuencia transmisores de noticias directas que vivieron por sí mismos. Transmiten un gran interés por el conocimiento de China y su cultura y la convicción de la importancia de la hegemonía de China en el entorno del sudeste asiático, algo esencial para plantear la evangelización y el comercio en ese imperio y en los países de la zona. Es destacada la concepción unitaria del Imperio y la necesidad de valorar los condicionantes del asentamiento español en Filipinas y los recursos desarrollados por la administración de la Monarquía Hispánica para adaptar su modelo de gobierno a una posición de frontera muy alejada de España y de Nueva España y con una población de españoles muy reducida.
La función de la prueba en los ejemplos I y XXIV del Libro del conde Lucanor en el contexto de la relación estamental de don Juan Manuel y Alfonso XI
Authors: Janin Erica , Harari Juan 
Published: November 2017

La hipótesis de trabajo puede definirse del siguiente modo: si varios de los ejemplos del Libro del conde Lucanor pueden entenderse como correlatos de las diferentes etapas por las que pasó don Juan Manuel en su relación con el rey, un grupo de esos ejemplos, que deben considerarse como prospectivos, dan cuenta de la táctica del magnate de reingresar en la corte de Alfonso XI como un consejero inofensivo, luego de varios años de enfrentamientos, para evitar su definitiva marginación de la esfera del poder.