bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moderated mediation model of relationship between perceived organizational justice and counterproductive work behavior
Authors: Wu Mingzheng , Sun Xiaoling , Zhang Delin , Wang Ci 
Published: December 2016

PurposeThis study aimed to develop a moderated mediation model to explain the relationship between perceived organizational justice and the counterproductive work behavior (CWB) of Chinese public servants. In this model, the authors assumed that job burnout mediates the relationship between perceived organizational justice and CWB and that moral identity moderates the relationship between job burnout and CWB.Design/methodology/approachA total of 210 public servants in China participated in this study, and their characteristics were measured by self-report tools. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to test the moderated mediation model.FindingsAnalysis of the data demonstrated that perceived organizational justice, job burnout and moral identity influenced CWB. Moral identity moderated the relationship between job burnout and CWB, such that individuals with low moral identity are more likely to engage in CWB. Moreover, job burnout mediated the effect of perceived organizational justice on CWB, and the mediating effect of job burnout was moderated by moral identity. The indirect effect of perceived organizational justice on CWB through job burnout was significant among individuals with low moral identity but not among individuals with high moral identity.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings highlight the self-regulatory function of moral identity in preventing CWB.Practical implicationsThe study offers several significant suggestions to reduce CWB in Chinese public sector administration, such as by improving organizational justice perception, recruiting and selecting individuals with reference to their moral identity and monitoring employees’ job burnout regularly.Originality/valueThe authors developed and verified a moderated mediated model on the relationship between perceived organizational justice and CWB. The study revealed that job burnout has a mediating effect on the perceived organizational justice–CWB relation, providing important insights into the processes through which perceived organizational justice affects CWB.
How do Indian mothers use feeding practices with children?
Authors: Vohra Jyoti , Soni Pavleen 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The undesirable effects of TV advertisements and general parenting responsibility propel mothers to monitor and control the eating habits of children through meal time actions and feeding practices. The purpose of this paper is to identify feeding practices used by Indian mothers through the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ) developed by Musher-Eizenman and Holub (2007) and to investigate differences in the use of feeding practices across demographic variables.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a cross-sectional design, a structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data from 473 mothers of children aged four to 11 years from Punjab (India). Data were analysed using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and ANOVA.

Findings
The present study confirms the validity and reliability of the nine-factor model through CFA with 28 items in the Indian context than original CFPQ. Further, significant differences exist in the responses of mothers for feeding practices followed with children across age and gender of child, mother’s education status and monthly family income.

Practical implications
Parents may understand the nature of feeding practices to mediate unhealthy food consumption habits of children. The government should formulate codes or regulations to sufficiently monitor food marketing activities directed at children. The food marketing companies should also act responsibly to protect well-being of children.

Originality/value
This piece of research is important as no such study (to the best of researchers’ knowledge) has already been conducted in India even though dietary patterns of children are transforming tremendously.
Small‐scale and regional spatial dynamics of an annual plant with contrasting sexual systems
Authors: Dorken Marcel E. , Freckleton Robert P. , Pannell John R. 
Published: December 2016

Summary

Plant demography is known to depend on both spatial dynamics and life history, but how these two factors interact is poorly understood. We conducted a longitudinal study of the wind‐pollinated annual plant Mercurialis annua that varies geographically in its sexual system to investigate this interaction.

Metapopulation demographic models predict that regular population turnover should be a more common feature of monomorphic than dimorphic populations because males and females cannot found new populations by selfing but hermaphrodites can. We tested the prediction that rates of population turnover would be higher in monomorphic compared to dimorphic regions.

We surveyed 356 populations of M. annua along five regional transects in Morocco and the Iberian Peninsula over a 3‐year period to examine their demography and persistence. Each transect crossed a transition in the sexual system, from a monomorphic region where almost all populations were hermaphroditic to a dimorphic one in which most populations had separate sexes (males with females or hermaphrodites).

As predicted, rates of local apparent extinctions (i.e., the disappearance of adult plants) were nearly 50% higher in monomorphic compared to dimorphic regions. Local extinctions appeared to be driven by changes in vegetation cover, with extinctions tending to occur in sites in which perennial cover also declined. This suggests that disturbance is a primary agent of local extinctions.

We further examined the influence of regional dynamics on local demographic properties by investigating patterns of spatial autocorrelation in population density across years. We found positive spatial autocorrelations in plant densities within regions for both sexual systems. However, these positive autocorrelations extended over shorter distances in monomorphic regions, perhaps as a result of greater population flux in these regions.

Synthesis. Our study shows that population dynamics may be influenced by processes acting at a range of spatial scales: within patches, across patches within sites, and across sites within regions, as well as by life‐history variation. In Mercurialis annua, regional variation in apparent extinction rates is affected by life history and implicated in regulating the geographical distribution of populations with different sexual systems.
Mapping the illness trajectories of insomnia: a biographical disruption?
Authors: Cheung Janet M.Y. , Saini Bandana , Bartlett Delwyn J. , Laba Tracey‐Lea , Mason Paul H. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe insomnia illness experience can be conceptualised as a form of biographical disruption. Using a critical interpretive phenomenological lens 51 in‐depth semi‐structured interviews were conducted with patients from specialist sleep and psychology clinics (n = 22) and the general community (n = 29). Patients’ narratives revealed key phases of their illness trajectories as they recognise, rethink and respond to insomnia. Their biographical events served as reference points for both patient groups to make sense of their illness experiences as they transitioned from a perceived state of sleeplessness to clinical insomnia. The innate biological process of sleep at night and the sleep‐dependent daytime psychosocial function exerted a negative bi‐directional effect, creating a continuous circuit of disruption. Coping mechanisms were inspired by the participants’ immediate social environment and centred on sociocultural motifs of relaxation and alertness to break the ‘circuit’. Access to specialist clinic services appeared to be contingent on the richness of resources in one's social network and surrounding environment rather than the clinical severity of the disease alone. Treatment that can simultaneously target the night time and daytime consequences of insomnia resonates closely with participants’ depiction of insomnia as both a physiological and a psychosocial phenomenon.
Reasons for Lack of Consensus in Forensic Pathologist Interpretation of Photographs of Patterns of Injury of the Skin,
Authors: Oliver William R. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn a previous study, a survey‐based analysis of pathologist diagnoses of patterned injury in which participants were asked makes diagnoses from photographs in the absence of history or context. The level of consensus was low. A follow‐up survey was created to ask those who responded to the first survey why they answered as they did or why they were unsure of their answers. The most common reason for lack of consensus was that the lesion was nonspecific. Responses invoking ambiguity were more common than those that indicated a confident difference in diagnosis. There were differences between demographic groups, with age and experience being most prominent. These findings suggest that differences in image interpretation do not generally reflect firm differences in diagnosis as much as differing ways of dealing with ambiguity in the absence of history and context. A third survey will study the effect of the addition of contextual information.
Effect of Predialysis Recombinant Human Erythropoietin on Early Survival After Hemodialysis Initiation in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: Co‐JET Study
Authors: Watanabe Yuzo , Akizawa Tadao , Saito Akira , Gejyo Fumitake , Suzuki Masashi , Nishizawa Yoshiki , Tomino Yasuhiko , Tsubakihara Yoshiharu , Akiba Takashi , Hirakata Hideki , Kawanishi Hideki , Bessho Masami , Udagawa Yukio , Aoki Kotonari , Uemura Yukari , Ohashi Yasuo ,   the Co‐JET Study Group
Published: December 2016

AbstractProgression of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk of death and hospitalization. It is not sufficiently clear whether treating renal anemia with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) has a beneficial effect on early survival after hemodialysis (HD) initiation in patients with CKD. The study was an open‐label multicenter retrospective cohort study to evaluate the relationship between rHuEPO treatment and early survival after HD initiation in patients with CKD. Predialysis patients with CKD were divided into two groups: an rHuEPO‐treated group (rHuEPO group) and a non‐treatment group. The primary endpoint was all‐cause mortality in the year after HD initiation. A total of 3261 patients were enrolled (2275 in the rHuEPO group and 986 in the non‐treatment group). One‐year survival was 95.36% in the rHuEPO group and 90.36% in the non‐treatment group. The survival rate was significantly higher in the rHuEPO group (P < 0.0001). The results of multivariate analysis confirmed that predialysis treatment with rHuEPO is a predictor for reduced mortality risk (hazard ratio = 0.61, 95% confidence interval: 0.42–0.87, P = 0.006). Risk for the composite event of death/hospitalization was also lower in the rHuEPO group (hazard ratio = 0.88, 95% confidence interval: 0.78–0.98, P = 0.026). The results of this study suggest that treatment with rHuEPO can decrease early mortality risk after initiation of HD in patients with CKD. A prospective study is needed to further investigate early survival after HD initiation.
Comparison of three scoring systems in predicting clinical outcomes in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a prospective observational study
Authors: Zhong Min , Chen Wan Jun , Lu Xiao Ye , Qian Jie , Zhu Chang Qing 
Published: December 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the performances of the Glasgow‐Blatchford score (GBS), modified GBS (mGBS) and AIMS65 in predicting clinical outcomes in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB).MethodsThis study enrolled 320 consecutive patients with AUGIB. Patients at high and low risks of developing adverse clinical outcomes (rebleeding, the need of clinical intervention and death) were categorized according to the GBS, mGBS and AIMS65 scoring systems. The outcome of the patients were the occurrences of adverse clinical outcomes. The areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) of three scoring systems were compared.ResultsIrrespective of the systems used, the high‐risk groups showed higher rates of rebleeding, intervention and death compared with the low‐risk groups (P < 0.05). For the prediction of rebleeding, AIMS65 (AUROC 0.735, 95% CI 0.667–0.802) performed significantly better than GBS (AUROC 0.672, 95% CI 0.597–0.747; P < 0.01) and mGBS (AUROC 0.677, 95% CI 0.602–0.753; P < 0.01). For the prediction of interventions, there was no significant difference among the three systems (GBS: AUROC 0.769, 95% CI 0.668–0.870; mGBS: AUROC 0.745, 95% CI 0.643–0.847; AIMS65: AUROC 0.746, 95% CI 0.640–0.851). For the prediction of in‐hospital mortality, there was no significant difference among the three systems (GBS: AUROC 0.796, 95% CI 0.694–0.898; mGBS: AUROC 0.803, 95% CI 0.703–0.904; AIMS65: AUROC 0.786, 95% CI 0.670–0.903).ConclusionsThe three scoring systems are reliable and accurate in predicting the rates of rebleeding, surgery and mortality in AUGIB. However, AIMS65 outperforms GBS and mGBS in predicting rebleeding.
Systematic review with meta‐analysis: recurrence of Crohn's disease after total colectomy with permanent ileostomy
Authors: Fumery M. , Dulai P. S. , Meirick P. , Farrell A. M. , Ramamoorthy S. , Sandborn W. J. , Singh S. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryBackgroundSubtotal or total colectomy or proctocolectomy with permanent ileostomy (TC‐PI) may be a treatment option for medically refractory colonic Crohn's disease (CD).AimTo perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis to evaluate the rate, risk factors and outcomes of CD recurrence after TC‐PI.MethodsIn a systematic review ending 31 March 2016, we identified 18 cohort studies (1438 adults) who underwent TC‐PI for colonic CD (median follow‐up, 7.4 years; interquartile range, 5.3–9.0). We estimated pooled rates [with 95% confidence interval (CI)] of clinical and surgical recurrence, and risk factors for disease recurrence.ResultsOn meta‐analysis, the risk of clinical recurrence after TC‐PI was 28.0% (95% CI, 21.7–35.3; 14 studies, 260/1004 patients), with a 5 and 10‐year median cumulative rate of 23.5% (range, 7–35) and 40% (range, 11–60) respectively. The risk of surgical recurrence was 16.0% (95% CI, 11.1–22.7; 10 studies; 183/1092 patients), with a 5 and 10‐year median cumulative rate of 10% (range, 3–29) and 18.5% (range, 14–34) respectively. The risk of clinical and surgical recurrence in patients without ileal disease at baseline was 11.5% (95% CI, 7.7–16.8) and 10.4% (95% CI, 4.5–22.5) respectively. History of ileal disease was associated with 3.2 times higher risk of disease recurrence (RR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.8–5.6). Other inconsistent risk factors for disease recurrence were penetrating disease and young age at disease onset.ConclusionsSmall bowel clinical recurrence occurs in about 28% of patients after total colectomy with permanent ileostomy for colonic Crohn's disease. Disease recurrence risk is 3.2 times higher in patients with history of ileal disease, and continued medical therapy may be advisable in this population. In patients without ileal inflammation at surgery, continued endoscopic surveillance may identify asymptomatic disease recurrence to guide therapy.
Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor expression on human eosinophils and its regulation of eosinophil activation
Authors: Mitchell P. D. , Salter B. M. , Oliveria J. P. , El‐Gammal A. , Tworek D. , Smith S. G. , Sehmi R. , Gauvreau G. M. , Butler M. , O'Byrne P. M. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryBackgroundGlucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) and its receptor are part of the incretin family of hormones that regulate glucose metabolism. GLP‐1 also has immune modulatory roles.ObjectivesTo measure the expression of the GLP‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) on eosinophils and neutrophils in normal and asthmatic subjects and evaluate effects of a GLP‐1 analog on eosinophil function.MethodsPeripheral blood samples were taken from 10 normal and 10 allergic asthmatic subjects. GLP‐1R expression was measured on eosinophils and neutrophils. Subsequently, the asthmatic subjects underwent allergen and diluent inhalation challenges, and GLP‐1R expression was measured. Purified eosinophils, collected from mild asthmatic subjects, were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and a GLP‐1 analog to evaluate eosinophil cell activation markers CD11b and CD69 and cytokine (IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐8 and IL‐13) production.ResultsGlucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor is expressed on human eosinophils and neutrophils. Eosinophil, but not neutrophil, expression of GLP‐1R is significantly higher in normal controls compared to allergic asthmatics. The expression of GLP‐1R did not change on either eosinophils or neutrophils following allergen challenge. A GLP‐1 analog significantly decreased the expression of eosinophil‐surface activation markers following LPS stimulation and decreased eosinophil production of IL‐4, IL‐8 and IL‐13, but not IL‐5.Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceGlucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor is expressed on human eosinophils and neutrophils. A GLP‐1 analog attenuates LPS‐stimulated eosinophil activation. GLP‐1 agonists may have additional adjunctive indications in treating persons with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus and asthma.
CTRP‐3 is permeable to the blood–brain barrier and is not regulated by glucose or lipids in vivo
Authors: Schmid Andreas , Berghoff Martin , Hochberg Alexandra , Schäffler Andreas , Karrasch Thomas 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundC1q/TNF‐related protein‐3 (CTRP‐3) represents a novel anti‐inflammatory and antidiabetic adipokine secreted by adipose tissue. The physiological and postprandial regulation of CTRP‐3 remains obscure and it is not known whether CTRP‐3 is permeable to the brain. The postprandial regulation of CTRP‐3 during an oral glucose tolerance test (n = 100) and an oral lipid tolerance test (n = 100) in humans was investigated. Moreover, CTRP‐3 concentrations were measured in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients (n = 270) undergoing neurological evaluation. The expression of CTRP‐3 mRNA was investigated in adipocytes upon stimulation with glucose, sex hormones and a broad panel of fatty acids.Materials and methodsSerum and CSF CTRP‐3 concentrations were measured by ELISA. 3T3‐L1 adipocytes were used for stimulation experiments. CTRP‐3 mRNA expression was quantified by using real‐time PCR analysis.ResultsCTRP‐3 is present in human cerebrospinal fluid with a mean CSF/serum ratio of 110 ± 64 × 10−3. CTRP‐3 is not regulated postprandially by carbohydrates or lipids in the healthy state. Females have slightly higher levels of CTRP‐3 when compared to males. A significant and positive correlation of CTRP‐3 to LDL cholesterol serum levels is reproducible in several cohorts and deserves further mechanistic investigation. Whereas glucose concentrations do not influence CTRP‐3 mRNA expression in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes in vitro, fatty acids differentially modulate CTRP‐3 expression.ConclusionsThe novel adipokine CTRP‐3 is detectable in human cerebrospinal fluid (proof of principle). Due to its blood–brain barrier permeability, CTRP‐3 represents a novel putative candidate for a physiological regulator molecule affecting central nervous functions.
Prognostic implications of epicardial fat volume quantification in acute pericarditis
Authors: Lazaros George , Antonopoulos Alexios S. , Oikonomou Evangelos K. , Vasileiou Panagiotis , Oikonomou Evangelos , Stroumpouli Evangelia , Karavidas Apostolos , Antoniades Charalambos , Tousoulis Dimitris 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe pathophysiology of acute pericarditis remains largely unknown, and biomarkers are needed to identify patients susceptible to complications. As adipose tissue has a pivotal role in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis, we hypothesized that quantification of epicardial fat volume (EFV) provides prognostic information in patients with acute pericarditis.Materials and methodsFifty (n = 50) patients with first diagnosis of acute pericarditis were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent a cardiac computerized tomography (CT) scan to quantify EFV on a dedicated workstation. Patients were followed up in hospital for atrial fibrillation (AF) development and up to 18 months for the composite clinical endpoint of development of constrictive, recurrent or incessant pericarditis or poor response to nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs.ResultsPatients presenting with chest pain had lower EFV vs. patients without chest pain (167·2 ± 21·7 vs. 105·1 ± 11·1 cm3, respectively, P < 0·01); EFV (but not body mass index) was strongly positively correlated with pericardial effusion size (r = 0·395, P = 0·007) and associated with in‐hospital AF. At follow‐up, patients that reached the composite clinical endpoint had lower EFV (P < 0·05). After adjustment for age, EFV was associated with lower odds ratio for the composite clinical endpoint point of poor response to NSAIDs or the development of constrictive, recurrent or incessant pericarditis during follow‐up (per 20 cm3 increase in EFV: OR = 0·802 [0·656–0·981], P < 0·05).ConclusionsWe report for the first time a significant association of EFV with the clinical features and the outcome of patients with acute pericarditis. Measurement of EFV by CT may have important prognostic implications in these patients.
Evaluation of the long‐term effect of biochar on properties of temperate agricultural soil at pre‐industrial charcoal kiln sites in Wallonia, Belgium
Authors: Hardy B. , Cornelis J.‐T. , Houben D. , Leifeld J. , Lambert R. , Dufey J. E. 
Published: December 2016

Research on biochar has increased, but its long‐term effect on the fertility of temperate agricultural soil remains unclear. In Wallonia, Belgium, pre‐industrial charcoal production affected former forested areas that were cleared for cultivation in the nineteenth century. The sites of traditional charcoal kilns, largely enriched in charcoal residues, are similar to soil amended with hardwood biochar more than 150 years ago. We sampled 17 charcoal kiln sites to characterize their effect on soil properties compared with adjacent reference soils. Charcoal‐C content was estimated by differential scanning calorimetry. The kiln soil contains from 1.8 to 33.1 g kg−1 of charcoal‐C, which markedly increases organic C:N and C:P ratios. It also contains slightly more uncharred soil organic carbon (SOC) than the reference soil, which accords with larger total N content. We measured a small increase in nitrates in the kiln soil that might relate to greater mineralization and nitrification of organic N. Frequent application of lime raised the pH to values close to neutral, which offset the residual effect of charcoal production on soil acidity. A cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 414 cmolc kg−1 was estimated for charcoal‐C, whereas that of uncharred SOC was 213 cmolc kg−1. Despite the large CEC of the kiln soil, exchangeable K+ content was no different from the adjacent soil, whereas exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ contents were considerably larger. Charcoal enrichment has little effect on available, inorganic and total P, but it can form strong complexes with Cu, which reduces the availability of the metal. Biochar is very persistent in soil; therefore, long‐term implications should not be overlooked.HighlightsCharcoal kiln soil contains from 1.8 to 33.1 g kg−1 of charcoal‐C, which raises C:N and C:P ratios.
Charcoal‐C content was estimated by differential scanning calorimetry.
We estimated a CEC of 414 cmolc kg−1 for charcoal‐C and 213 cmolc kg−1 for uncharred SOC.
Retention of exchangeable K+ remained unaffected by charcoal but that of Ca2+ and Mg2+ increased.