bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SIMDOM: A framework for SIMD instruction translation and offloading in heterogeneous mobile architectures
Authors: Shuja Junaid , Gani Abdullah , Ko Kwangman , So Kyoungyoung , Mustafa Saad , Madani Sajjad A. , Khan Muhammad Khurram 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFog and mobile edge computing is a paradigm that augments resource‐scarce mobile devices with resource‐rich network servers to enable ubiquitous computing. Smartphone applications rely on code offloading techniques to leverage high‐performance computing opportunities available on edge and cloud servers for compute‐intensive applications. Mobile (ARM) and edge/cloud (x86) architectures are heterogeneous and necessitate dynamic binary translation for compiled code migration that increases the application execution time. The application execution time and energy consumption should be lesser on the edge/cloud server as compared with the local mobile execution for optimal offload. Multimedia‐based applications contain a large set of single instruction multiple data (SIMD) instructions that are compute and resource intensive. However, dynamic binary translation techniques of SIMD instructions lose the parallelism and optimization because of inefficient vector‐to‐scalar translation. We present a framework for SIMD instruction translation and offloading for mobile devices (SIMDOM) in cloud and edge environments. The SIMDOM framework reduces the execution overhead of migrated vectorized multimedia application by using vector‐to‐vector instruction mappings. The framework maps and translates ARM SIMD intrinsic instructions to x86 SIMD intrinsic instructions such that an application programmed for the mobile platform can be executed on the cloud server without any modification. The offload decision is based on inputs from the device energy, network, and application profilers. Experiments show that SIMDOM framework provides 84.78%, 3.41%, and 79.93% energy, time, and performance efficiency, respectively, compared with local offload‐disabled execution. Compared with compiled code offloading, the SIMDOM framework provides 55.99%, 57.50%, and 96.23% energy, time, and performance efficiency, respectively.
Multi‐task diagnosis for autism spectrum disorders using multi‐modality features: A multi‐center study
Authors: Wang Jun , Wang Qian , Peng Jialin , Nie Dong , Zhao Feng , Kim Minjeong , Zhang Han , Wee Chong‐Yaw , Wang Shitong , Shen Dinggang 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopment disease characterized by impairment of social interaction, language, behavior, and cognitive functions. Up to now, many imaging‐based methods for ASD diagnosis have been developed. For example, one may extract abundant features from multi‐modality images and then derive a discriminant function to map the selected features toward the disease label. A lot of recent works, however, are limited to single imaging centers. To this end, we propose a novel multi‐modality multi‐center classification (M3CC) method for ASD diagnosis. We treat the classification of each imaging center as one task. By introducing the task‐task and modality‐modality regularizations, we solve the classification for all imaging centers simultaneously. Meanwhile, the optimal feature selection and the modeling of the discriminant functions can be jointly conducted for highly accurate diagnosis. Besides, we also present an efficient iterative optimization solution to our formulated problem and further investigate its convergence. Our comprehensive experiments on the ABIDE database show that our proposed method can significantly improve the performance of ASD diagnosis, compared to the existing methods. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3081–3097, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Decoding facial expressions based on face‐selective and motion‐sensitive areas
Authors: Liang Yin , Liu Baolin , Xu Junhai , Zhang Gaoyan , Li Xianglin , Wang Peiyuan , Wang Bin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHumans can easily recognize others' facial expressions. Among the brain substrates that enable this ability, considerable attention has been paid to face‐selective areas; in contrast, whether motion‐sensitive areas, which clearly exhibit sensitivity to facial movements, are involved in facial expression recognition remained unclear. The present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study used multi‐voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) to explore facial expression decoding in both face‐selective and motion‐sensitive areas. In a block design experiment, participants viewed facial expressions of six basic emotions (anger, disgust, fear, joy, sadness, and surprise) in images, videos, and eyes‐obscured videos. Due to the use of multiple stimulus types, the impacts of facial motion and eye‐related information on facial expression decoding were also examined. It was found that motion‐sensitive areas showed significant responses to emotional expressions and that dynamic expressions could be successfully decoded in both face‐selective and motion‐sensitive areas. Compared with static stimuli, dynamic expressions elicited consistently higher neural responses and decoding performance in all regions. A significant decrease in both activation and decoding accuracy due to the absence of eye‐related information was also observed. Overall, the findings showed that emotional expressions are represented in motion‐sensitive areas in addition to conventional face‐selective areas, suggesting that motion‐sensitive regions may also effectively contribute to facial expression recognition. The results also suggested that facial motion and eye‐related information played important roles by carrying considerable expression information that could facilitate facial expression recognition. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3113–3125, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neuroplasticity of language in left‐hemisphere stroke: Evidence linking subsecond electrophysiology and structural connections
Authors: Piai Vitória , Meyer Lars , Dronkers Nina F. , Knight Robert T. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe understanding of neuroplasticity following stroke is predominantly based on neuroimaging measures that cannot address the subsecond neurodynamics of impaired language processing. We combined behavioral and electrophysiological measures and structural‐connectivity estimates to characterize neuroplasticity underlying successful compensation of language abilities after left‐hemispheric stroke. We recorded the electroencephalogram from patients with stroke lesions to the left temporal lobe and from matched controls during context‐driven word retrieval. Participants heard lead‐in sentences that either constrained the final word (“He locked the door with the”) or not (“She walked in here with the”). The last word was shown as a picture to be named. Individual‐participant analyses were conducted, focusing on oscillatory power as a subsecond indicator of a brain region's functional neurophysiological computations. All participants named pictures faster following constrained than unconstrained sentences, except for two patients, who had extensive damage to the left temporal lobe. Left‐lateralized alpha–beta oscillatory power decreased in controls pre‐picture presentation for constrained relative to unconstrained contexts. In patients, the alpha–beta power decreases were observed with the same time course as in controls but were lateralized to the intact right hemisphere. The right lateralization depended on the probability of white‐matter connections between the bilateral temporal lobes. The two patients who performed poorly behaviorally showed no alpha–beta power decreases. Our findings suggest that incorporating direct measures of neural activity into investigations of neuroplasticity can provide important neural markers to help predict language recovery, assess the progress of neurorehabilitation, and delineate targets for therapeutic neuromodulation. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3151–3162, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Population health and the economy: Mortality and the Great Recession in Europe
Authors: Tapia Granados José A. , Ionides Edward L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe analyze the evolution of mortality‐based health indicators in 27 European countries before and after the start of the Great Recession. We find that in the countries where the crisis has been particularly severe, mortality reductions in 2007–2010 were considerably bigger than in 2004–2007. Panel models adjusted for space‐invariant and time‐invariant factors show that an increase of 1 percentage point in the national unemployment rate is associated with a reduction of 0.5% (p < .001) in the rate of age‐adjusted mortality. The pattern of mortality oscillating procyclically is found for total and sex‐specific mortality, cause‐specific mortality due to major causes of death, and mortality for ages 30–44 and 75 and over, but not for ages 0–14. Suicides appear increasing when the economy decelerates—countercyclically—but the evidence is weak. Results are robust to using different weights in the regression, applying nonlinear methods for detrending, expanding the sample, and using as business cycle indicator gross domestic product per capita or employment‐to‐population ratios rather than the unemployment rate. We conclude that in the European experience of the past 20 years, recessions, on average, have beneficial short‐term effects on mortality of the adult population.
Cohort study of oncologic emergencies in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Reyes–Gibby Cielito C. , Melkonian Stephanie C. , Hanna Ehab Y. , Yeung Sai‐ching J. , Lu Charles , Chambers Mark S. , Banala Srinivas R. , Gunn Gary B. , Shete Sanjay S. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundTreatments for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are associated with toxicities that lead to emergency department presentation.MethodsWe utilized data from an ongoing prospective cohort of newly diagnosed, previously untreated patients (N = 298) with HNSCC to evaluate the association between clinical and epidemiologic factors and risk for and frequency of emergency department presentation. Time to event was calculated from the date of treatment initiation to emergency department presentation, date of death, or current date. Frequency of emergency department presentation was the sum of emergency department visits during the follow‐up time.ResultsHistory of hypertension, normal/underweight body mass index (BMI), and probable depression predicted increased risk for emergency department presentation. BMI and severe pain were associated with higher frequency of emergency department presentations.ConclusionClinical and epidemiologic factors can help predict patients with HNSCC who will present to the emergency department. Such knowledge may improve treatment‐related patient outcomes and quality of life. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 1195–1204, 2017
Radiopaque UHMWPE sublaminar cables for spinal deformity correction: Preclinical mechanical and radiopacifier leaching assessment
Authors: Roth Alex K. , Boon‐Ceelen Karlien , Smelt Harold , van Rietbergen Bert , Willems Paul C. , van Rhijn Lodewijk W. , Arts Jacobus J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPolymeric sublaminar cables have a number of advantages over metal cables in the field of spinal deformity surgery, with decreased risk of neurological injury and potential for higher correction forces as the two most predominant. However, currently available polymer cables are radiolucent, precluding postoperative radiological assessment of instrumentation stability and integrity. This study provides a preclinical assessment of a woven UHMWPE cable made with radiopaque UHMWPE fibers. Our primary goal was to determine if the addition of a radiopacifier negatively affects the mechanical properties of UHMWPE woven cables. Tensile mechanical properties were determined and compared to suitable controls. Radiopacity was evaluated and radiopacifier leaching was assessed in vitro and in vivo. Finally, in vivo bismuth organ content was quantified after a 24‐week implantation period in sheep. Results show that the mechanical properties of woven UHMWPE cables were not deleteriously affected by the addition of homogenously dispersed bismuth oxide particles within each fiber. Limited amounts of bismuth oxide were released in vitro, well below the toxicological threshold. Tissue concentrations lower than generally accepted therapeutic dosages for use against gastrointestinal disorders, well below toxic levels, were discovered in vivo. These results substantiate controlled clinical introduction of these radiopaque UHMWPE cables. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 771–779, 2018.
Importance of laboratory parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and their relationship with cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Kıvanc Tulay , Kulaksızoglu Sevsen , Lakadamyalı Huseyin , Eyuboglu Fusun 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundOstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular events. Platelet activation and inflammation are the mechanisms involved in the association between OSA and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The markers of platelet activation and inflammation are the mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), red cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil‐ lymphocyte ratio (NLR). We aimed to define the association of NLR, PLR, RDW, and MPV with the severity of disease and the presence of CVD.MethodsThis study consisted of 300 patients who were admitted to the sleep laboratory. The patients were classified according to their apnea‐ hypopnea index (AHI) scores as OSA negative (Group A: AHI<5), mild (Group B: AHI: 5‐15), moderate (Group C: AHI=15‐30), and severe OSA (Group D: AHI >30).ResultsThere were no significant differences in the NLR, PLR, and MPV among the groups (P>.05); only RDW differed significantly (P=.04). RDW was significantly higher in patients with than without risk factors for CVD [15.6% (15.4‐15.7) vs 15.3% (15.1‐15.3), respectively; P=.02].ConclusionsNLR, PLR, MPV, and RDW are widely available and easily obtained from a routinely performed hemogram. Among these laboratory parameters, only RDW can demonstrate the reverse consequences of OSA‐associated comorbidities, because vascular damage due to systemic inflammation is an important underlying mechanism in these diseases. RDW might be used as a marker of the response and patient compliance with continuous positive airway pressure treatment.
Red blood cell distribution width and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio are correlated with disease activity of dermatomyositis and polymyositis
Authors: Gao Ming‐Zhu , Huang Yuan‐Lan , Wu Xiao‐Dan , Xu Qiang‐Wei , Ji Rong , Gu Bing , Zhang Ai‐Yan , Hao Ting‐Ting , Han Zhi‐Jun , Ren Tian‐Li 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundPrevious studies indicated that both red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were useful indices in assessing the disease activity of autoimmune diseases. However, the evidence for the association between RDW, NLR and dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) is limited. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between the disease activity of PM/DM and both RDW and NLR.MethodsMedical records of 114 PM/DM patients and 114 healthy controls were retrospectively reviewed, and their RDW, NLR and myositis disease activity assessment visual analogue scale (MYOACT) on admission were extracted. The correlations between RDW, NLR and MYOACT were analyzed using the Spearman approach and multivariable model.ResultsPM/DM patients had significantly higher RDW and NLR. Increased RDW in PM/DM patients was not completely attributed to decreased hemoglobin or therapeutic agents. Both RDW and NLR are independently and positively correlated MYOACT.ConclusionBoth RDW and NLR are useful indices in assessing the disease activity of PM/DM.
Predictive value of p63, ki‐67, and survivin expression in oral leukoplakia: A tissue microarray study
Authors: Bienk Dias Kelly , Pereira Costa Flores Anacláudia , Gaiger Oliveira Márcia , Varvaki Rados Pantelis , Sant'ana Filho Manoel 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze the immunohistochemical expression of survivin, ki‐67, and p63 in oral leukoplakic lesions, histopathologically differentiated into dysplastic and nondysplastic. A tissue microarray containing 57 samples of biopsies from clinically classified lesions, such as leukoplakia, was immunolabeled for survivin, ki‐67, and p63. Samples were scored for percentage of positively stained. Scores were designated as follows: low = less than 25% of positive cells; and high = more than 25% of positive cells. On performing histopathological diagnosis, 20 dysplastic lesions and 37 nondysplastic lesions were seen, in which female patients (56.1%) were predominant with an average age of 58.27 years. The study showed a high expression of 37.5% for survivin, 43.7% for ki‐67, and 88.2% for p63 in dysplastic lesions. However, there was a high expression of 16.7% for survivin, 16.7% for ki‐67, and 92% for p63 in nondysplastic lesions. There is a positive correlation of expression among the three antibodies. In the association of immunoreactivity, in both dysplastic and nondysplastic lesions, increased expression of survivin reflects on the increased expression of ki‐67, and there is an overexpression of p63. In leukoplakia, the expression of survivin associated with that of ki‐67 reinforces the assumption that all these lesions are potentially malignant, regardless of histopathology; and the overexpression of p63 may indicate carcinogenic potential. These findings may help in the treatment of patients with this type of lesion.
On the Number of 5‐Cycles in a Tournament
Authors: Komarov Natasha , Mackey John 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe find a formula for the number of directed 5‐cycles in a tournament in terms of its edge scores and use the formula to find upper and lower bounds on the number of 5‐cycles in any n‐tournament. In particular, we show that the maximum number of 5‐cycles is asymptotically equal to , the expected number 5‐cycles in a random tournament (), with equality (up to order of magnitude) for almost all tournaments.
Functional morphological adaptations of the bony labyrinth in marsupials (Mammalia, Theria)
Authors: Pfaff Cathrin , Czerny Stefan , Nagel Doris , Kriwet Jürgen 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDiprotodontia represents the largest and ecologically most distinct order of marsupials occurring in Australasian being highly divers in size, locomotion, habitat preferences, feeding, and activity pattern. The spatial orientation in the habitat and therefore the three‐dimensional space is detected by the vestibular system of the inner ear, more precisely by the three semicircular canals. In this study, we investigated the bony labyrinth of diprotodontian and selected non‐diprotodontian marsupial mammals of almost all genera with noninvasive micro‐CT scanning and 3D‐reconstructions. In principal component analyses, the subterranean taxon can be separated from gliding and saltatorial taxa, whereas arboreal species can be separated from saltatorial specimens. The highest PCA loadings of this functional distinction are clearly found in the diameter of the semicircular canals, whereas the overall shape (height, width, length) of the semicircular canals is less important. Additionally, the investigated arboreal and fossorial species of South America are nested in the morphospace of the Australasian taxa. Even if a phylogenetic signal in the anatomy of the bony labyrinth cannot be excluded entirely, the main functional morphological signal of the vestibular system is found in the diameter of the semicircular canals. With the large dataset of extant marsupial mammals analysed here, the locomotion mode of extinct taxa can be inferred in future studies independent of any evidence of postcranial material.
The anatomy of the blood vascular system of the giant vestimentiferan tubeworm Riftia pachyptila (Siboglinidae, Annelida)
Authors: Rimskaya‐Korsakova Nadezhda N. , Galkin Sergey V. , Malakhov Vladimir V. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe giant dimensions of vestimentiferan Riftia pachyptila (Jones, ) are achieved thanks to the well‐developed vascular system. In the vestimentum, there is a complicated net of lacunae, including the brain blood supply and the ventral lacuna underlying the ciliary field. The trunk region has an extensive network of blood vessels feeding the gonads («rete mirabile»). The thick muscular lining of the mesenterial vessels in the trunk and the dorsal vessel in the opisthosome serves as an additional pump, pushing blood into numerous vessels in the segments. It was hypothesized that the blood envelope of the ventral blood vessel in the trunk provides the blood supply to the trophosome. The 3D reconstruction has revealed that there are two vascular systems of the tentacular crown of R. pachyptila. Blood runs into the tentacles via axial afferent vessels, as described earlier only for Riftia, and also via basal ones, as described for other vestimentiferans except Riftia. The basal ones are poorly developed, and the number of lamellar blood vessels is small, indicating a lack of demand for these within huge R. pachyptila. It appears that the presence of these vessels is the preserved ancestral state of Vestimentifera. In different portions of the dorsal vessel, the morphology of the intravasal body varies, depending on function.
The tarsal‐metatarsal complex of caviomorph rodents: Anatomy and functional‐adaptive analysis
Authors: Candela Adriana M. , Muñoz Nahuel A. , García‐Esponda César M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCaviomorph rodents represent a major adaptive radiation of Neotropical mammals. They occupy a variety of ecological niches, which is also reflected in their wide array of locomotor behaviors. It is expected that this radiation would be mirrored by an equivalent disparity of tarsal‐metatarsal morphology. Here, the tarsal‐metatarsal complex of Erethizontidae, Cuniculidae, Dasyproctidae, Caviidae, Chinchillidae, Octodontidae, Ctenomyidae, and Echimyidae was examined, in order to evaluate its anatomical variation and functional‐adaptive relevance in relation to locomotor behaviors. A qualitative study in functional morphology and a geometric morphometric analysis were performed. We recognized two distinct tarsal‐metatarsal patterns that represent the extremes of anatomical variation in the foot. The first, typically present in arboreal species, is characterized by features that facilitate movements at different levels of the tarsal‐metatarsal complex. The second pattern, typically present in cursorial caviomorphs, has a set of features that act to stabilize the joints, improve the interlocking of the tarsal bones, and restrict movements to the parasagittal plane. The morphological disparity recognized in this study seems to result from specific locomotor adaptations to climb, dig, run, jump and swim, as well as phylogenetic effects within and among the groups studies.