bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a warm‐temperature acclimation‐associated 65‐kDa protein encoded by a temperature‐ and infection‐responsive gene in the Kumgang fat minnow Rhynchocypris kumgangensis
Authors: Im Jisu , Kwon Gibeom , Kong Dongsoo , Ghil Sungho 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTWater temperature is one of the most important factors in fish physiology; thus, it is important to identify genes that respond to changes in water temperature. In this study, we identified a warm‐ temperature acclimation‐associated 65‐kDa protein (Wap65) in the Kumgang fat minnow Rhynchocypris kumgangensis, a small, cold‐freshwater fish species endemic to Korea. Kumgang fat minnow Wap65‐1 (kmWap65‐1) was cloned using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based strategies, and was found to be highly homologous with teleost Wap65‐1 and mammalian hemopexin, a heme‐binding protein that transfers plasma heme into hepatocytes. kmWap65‐1 mRNA was expressed mainly in the liver and its expression levels were significantly increased by both short‐ and long‐term exposure to high temperature, which was evaluated by real‐time quantitative PCR. Furthermore, the expression levels of kmWap65‐1 were highly elevated by exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. These results indicate that kmWap65‐1 expression is associated with environmental stresses such as increases in water temperature and bacterial infection. J. Exp. Zool. 325A:65–74, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biofunctionalized Hydrogel Microscaffolds Promote 3D Hepatic Sheet Morphology
Authors: Kim Myung Hee , Kumar Supriya K. , Shirahama Hitomi , Seo Jeongeun , Lee Jae‐Ho , Zhdanov Vladimir P. , Cho Nam‐Joon 
Published: November 2015

Development of artificial tissues providing the proper geometrical, mechanical, and environmental cues for cells is highly coveted in the field of tissue engineering. Recently, microfabrication strategies in combination with other chemistries have been utilized to capture the architectural complexity of intricate organs, such as the liver, in in vitro platforms. Here it is shown that a biofunctionalized poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel scaffold, fabricated using a sphere‐template, facilitates hepatic sheet formation that follows the microscale patterns of the scaffold surface. The design takes advantage of the excellent diffusion properties of porous, uniform 3D hydrogel platforms, and the enhanced‐cell–extracellular matrix interaction with the display of conjugated collagen type I, which in turn elicits favorable Huh‐7.5 response. Collectively, the experimental findings and corresponding simulations demonstrate the importance of biofunctionalized porous scaffolds and indicate that the microscaffold shows promise in liver tissue engineering applications and provides distinct advantages over current cell sheet and hepatocyte spheroid technologies.
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Cellular defects caused by hypomorphic variants of the Bloom syndrome helicase gene BLM
Authors: Shastri Vivek M. , Schmidt Kristina H. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundBloom syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by extraordinary cancer incidence early in life and an average life expectancy of ~27 years. Premature stop codons in BLM, which encodes a DNA helicase that functions in DNA double‐strand‐break repair, make up the vast majority of Bloom syndrome mutations, with only 13 single amino acid changes identified in the syndrome. Sequencing projects have identified nearly one hundred single nucleotide variants in BLM that cause amino acid changes of uncertain significance.Methods and ResultsHere, in addition to identifying five BLM variants incapable of complementing certain defects of Bloom syndrome cells, making them candidates for new Bloom syndrome causing mutations, we characterize a new class of BLM variants that cause some, but not all, cellular defects of Bloom syndrome. We find elevated sister‐chromatid exchanges, a delayed DNA damage response and inefficient DNA repair. Conversely, hydroxyurea sensitivity and quadriradial chromosome accumulation, both characteristic of Bloom syndrome cells, are absent. These intermediate variants affect sites in BLM that function in ATP hydrolysis and in contacting double‐stranded DNA.ConclusionAllele frequency and cellular defects suggest candidates for new Bloom syndrome causing mutations, and intermediate BLM variants that are hypomorphic which, instead of causing Bloom syndrome, may increase a person's risk for cancer or possibly other Bloom‐syndrome‐associated disorders, such as type‐2 diabetes.
Novel splittable N‐Tx/2N‐Rx transceiver phased array to optimize both signal‐to‐noise ratio and transmit efficiency at 9.4T
Authors: Avdievich Nikolai I. , Giapitzakis Ioannis A. , Henning Anke 
Published: November 2015

PurposeThe goal of this study was to optimize signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and parallel receive (Rx) performance of ultrahigh field (UHF) (≥7T) transceiver arrays without compromising their transmit (Tx) efficiency. UHF transceiver head phased arrays with a tight fit improve Tx efficiency in comparison with Tx‐only arrays, which are usually larger so that Rx‐only arrays can fit inside. However, having ≥16 elements inside a head transceiver array presents decoupling problems. Furthermore, the available number of Tx channels is limited.MethodsA prototype of a splittable transceiver phased array was constructed. The array consisted of four flat surface Tx loops positioned in two rows. Each loop could be split into two smaller overlapped Rx loops during reception.ResultsExperimental data demonstrated that both SNR and parallel reception performance improved substantially by doubling the number of Rx elements from four to eight.ConclusionAs a proof of concept, we developed and constructed a novel splittable transceiver phased array that allows doubling of the number of Rx elements while keeping both Tx and Rx elements at the same distance from the subject. Both Tx and Rx performance can be optimized at the same time using this method. Magn Reson Med 76:1621–1628, 2016. © 2015 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
A Representative volume model for a CNT composite material
Authors: Bennett Joel G. 
Published: November 2015

SummaryThe concept of a ‘Representative Volume Model’ is used in combination with ‘Equivalent Mechanical Strain’ or Aboudi's ‘Average Strain’ theorem to illustrate how a carbon nanotube reinforced composite material constitutive law for a nano‐composite material can be implemented into a finite element program for modeling structural applications. Current methods of modeling each individual composite layer to build up an element composed of carbon nanotube reinforced composite material may not be the best approach for modeling structural applications of this composite. The approach presented here is based upon presentations given at the National Science Foundation‐Civil and Mechanical Systems division workshop at John Hopkins University in 2004, which is referred to in this paper as the Williams‐Baxter approach. This approach is also used to demonstrate that damage modeling can be included as was suggested in this workshop. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simulating the variability of dispersed large PV plants
Authors: Marcos Javier , de la Parra Íñigo , García Miguel , Marroyo Luis 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA model to simulate the fluctuations generated by a fleet of dispersed photovoltaic (PV) plants solely based on irradiance data measured at one single location is proposed. This simple model has been satisfactorily tested to quantify the power variability of a generic PV fleet, simply by defining two parameters: mean PV plant size and the number of plants in the PV fleet. Specifically, the model provides series of simulated power outputs that may be used in the grid operator simulation programmes, reproducing critical parameters, such as daily maximum fluctuation or the reserves required to offset these fluctuations. The model is created and validated against experimental 1‐s data collected throughout 2013 at six PV plants in Spain dispersed over 1100 km2, totaling 17 MWp. Likewise, the model has been succesfully tested against another irradiance dataset, four sites across the state of Colorado, USA, and spread over 2400 km2. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Global Nuclear Detection Architecture Using Multiobjective Decision Analysis
Authors: Hilliard Holly , Parnell Gregory S. , Pohl Edward A. 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTThe Domestic Nuclear Detection Office (DNDO) of the Department of Homeland Security was created to increase the United States’ ability to detect radiological and nuclear (RN) material that could be obtained and then used by terrorists. The office coordinates the Global Nuclear Detection Architecture (GNDA), an international and interagency strategy for detecting, analyzing, and reporting of RN materials outside of regulatory control. In 2012, the Government Accountability Office expressed concern about the prioritization of GNDA resources as well as the documentation of GNDA improvements over time. As a result, the DNDO asked the National Research Council (NRC) for advice on how to develop performance measures and metrics to quantitatively assess the GNDA's effectiveness. The result of the NRC study was a report titled “Performance Metrics for the Global Nuclear Detection Architecture.” In the report, the committee created a notional strategic planning framework for evaluating the performance of the GNDA. Using the data from the public report, multiobjective decision analysis techniques, and notional data from our research, this paper expands the NRC framework to a complete value model and demonstrates that it is possible to evaluate the potential performance of the GNDA over time and use the model to evaluate the cost effectiveness of potential improvements.
Added value in regional climate modeling
Authors: Rummukainen Markku 
Published: November 2015

Regional climate modeling is a dynamical downscaling technique applied to the results of global climate models (GCMs) in order to acquire more information on climate simulations and climate change projections. GCMs and regional climate models (RCMs) have undergone considerable development over the past few decades, and both have increased in resolution. The higher‐resolution edge of RCMs compared to GCMs still remains, however. This has been demonstrated in a number of specific studies. As GCMs operate on relatively coarse resolutions, they do not resolve more variable land forms and similar features that shape regional‐scale climates. RCMs operate on higher resolutions than GCMs, by a factor of 2–10. Some RCMs now explore resolutions down to 1–5 km. This adds value in regions with variable orography, land–sea and other contrasts, as well as in capturing sharp, short‐duration and extreme events. In contrast, large‐scale and time‐averaged fields, not least over smooth terrain and on scales that have been already skillfully resolved in GCMs, are not much affected. RCMs also generate additional detail compared to GCMs when in climate projection mode. Compared to the present‐day climate for which observations exist, here the added value aspect is more complex to evaluate. Nevertheless, added value is meaningfully underlined when there is a clear physical context for it to appear in. In addition to climate modeling and model evaluation‐related added value considerations, a significant relevant aspect of added value is the provision of regional scale information, including climate change projections, for climate impact, adaptation, and vulnerability research. WIREs Clim Change 2016, 7:145–159. doi: 10.1002/wcc.378This article is categorized under:

Climate Models and Modeling > Knowledge Generation with Models
Equalization attacks against OFDM: analysis and countermeasures
Authors: Shahriar Chowdhury , Clancy T. Charles , McGwier Robert W. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis paper introduces, investigates, and proposes power‐efficient equalization jamming attacks against the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and possible countermeasures. Signals known a priori, called pilot tones, are employed in the conventional OFDM‐based systems to estimate the channel response and perform equalization. Attacks against these pilot tones can hamper equalization and degrade target's performance. This paper begins with noise‐based pilot tone jamming and moves onto pilot nulling attack. The paper embraces two mitigation strategies of randomizing the pilot tones. The paper presents mathematical model of effective noise per symbol and simulation results for OFDM systems with conventional and randomized pilot‐tones under such attacks. The paper concludes that the noise‐based pilot tone attacks are power efficient than conventional attacks, and the pilot nulling is capable of doing the most damage, but in the expense of additional channel state information. The paper also claims that the mitigation strategies offer a remedy, but works relatively poorly when no jammer is present. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Effect of Taxonomic Corrections on Phanerozoic Generic Richness Trends in Marine Bivalves with a Discussion on the Clade’s Overall History
Authors: Mondal Subhronil , Harries Peter J. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis study uses a comprehensive, revised, and updated global bivalve dataset combining information from two major databases available to study temporal trends in Phanerozoic bivalve richness: the Sepkoski Compendium and the Paleobiology Database. This compilation results in greater taxonomic and stratigraphic coverage than possible with either of the two databases alone. However, there are challenges in directly comparing these two sources due to differences in their taxonomic designations and stratigraphic range information. Moreover, both of these datasets are fraught with a number of taxonomic errors, which can significantly bias the overall richness estimate. Additionally, a substantial number of taxonomic corrections were made before a new Phanerozoic bivalve richness curve was produced. The new generic taxonomic curve is comparable with the trajectory of the Sepkoski’s modern fauna and shows rapid and substantial diversification through the Ordovician, followed by a Paleozoic plateau, a Mesozoic high, and Cenozoic diversification after a small reduction in richness associated with the K/Pg extinction. The steep Cenozoic rise documented in the raw richness curve derived from the new dataset is likely real, and reflects the overall robustness and completeness of the bivalve fossil record.
NOBODY'S HOME: METIS, IMPROVISATION AND THE INSTABILITY OF RETURN IN HOMER'S ODYSSEY
Authors: Dougherty Carol 
Published: November 2015

More of me comes out when I improvise.Edward HopperImprovisation is a word for something which can't keep a name; if it does stick around long enough to acquire a name, it has begun to move toward fixity.Steve Paxton
Smartphone speech-to-text applications for communication with profoundly deaf patients
Authors: Lyall F C , Clamp P J , Hajioff D 
Published: November 2015

AbstractObjective:Visual communication aids, such as handwriting or typing, are often used to communicate with deaf patients in the clinic. This study aimed to establish the feasibility of communicating through smartphone speech recognition software compared with writing or typing.Method:Thirty doctors and medical students were timed writing, typing and dictating a standard set of six sentences appropriate for a post-operative consultation, and the results were assessed for accuracy and legibility.Results:The mean time for smartphone dictation (17.8 seconds, 95 per cent confidence interval = 17.0–18.7) was significantly faster than writing (59.2 seconds, 95 per cent confidence interval = 56.6–61.7) or typing (44 seconds, 95 per cent confidence interval = 41.0–47.1) (p< 0.001). Speech recognition was slightly less accurate, but accuracy increased with time spent dictating.Conclusion:Smartphone dictation is a feasible alternative to typing and handwriting. Slow speech may improve accuracy. Early clinical experience has been promising.
The accuracy and timeliness of neuraminidase inhibitor dispensing data for predicting laboratory-confirmed influenza
Authors: PAPENBURG J. , CHARLAND K. M. , DE SERRES G. , BUCKERIDGE D. L. 
Published: November 2015

SUMMARYNeuraminidase inhibitor (NI) dispensing has emerged as a possible automated data source for influenza surveillance. We aimed to evaluate its timeliness, correlation, and predictive accuracy in relation to influenza activity in Quebec, Canada, 2010–2013. Our secondary objective was to use the same metrics to compare NI dispensing to visits for influenza-like illness (ILI) in emergency departments (EDs). Provincial weekly counts of positive influenza laboratory tests were used as a reference measure for the level of influenza circulation. We applied ARIMA models to account for serial correlation. We computed cross-correlations to measure the strengths of association and lead-lag relationships between NI dispensing, ILI ED visits, and our reference indicator. Finally, using an ARIMA model, we evaluated the ability of NI dispensing and ILI ED visits to predict laboratory-confirmed influenza. NI dispensing was significantly correlated (R= 0·68) with influenza activity with no lag. The maximal correlation of ILI ED visits was not as strong (R= 0·50). Both NI dispensing and ILI ED visits were significant predictors of laboratory-confirmed influenza in a multivariable model; predictive potential was greatest when NI counts were lagged to precede laboratory surveillance by 2 weeks. We conclude that NI dispensing data provides timely and valuable information for influenza surveillance.
Mental health trajectories from adolescence to adulthood: Language disorder and other childhood and adolescent risk factors
Authors: Bao Lin , Brownlie E. B. , Beitchman Joseph H. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractLongitudinal research on mental health development beyond adolescence among nonclinical populations is lacking. This study reports on psychiatric disorder trajectories from late adolescence to young adulthood in relation to childhood and adolescent risk factors. Participants were recruited for a prospective longitudinal study tracing a community sample of 5-year-old children with communication disorders and a matched control cohort to age 31. Psychiatric disorders were measured at ages 19, 25, and 31. Known predictors of psychopathology and two school-related factors specifically associated with language disorder (LD) were measured by self-reports and semistructured interviews. The LD cohort was uniquely characterized by a significantly decreasing disorder trajectory in early adulthood. Special education was associated with differential disorder trajectories between LD and control cohorts, whereas maltreatment history, specific learning disorder, family structure, and maternal psychological distress were associated with consistent trajectories between cohorts. From late adolescence to young adulthood, childhood LD was characterized by a developmentally limited course of psychiatric disorder; maltreatment was consistently characterized by an elevated risk of psychiatric disorder regardless of LD history, whereas special education was associated with significantly decreasing risk of psychiatric disorder only in the presence of LD.
L’écrit avant l’écriture: la liaison dans les livres audio pour enfants
Authors: PUSTKA ELISSA 
Published: November 2015

RÉSUMÉCet article traite d'un aspect jusqu'alors négligé de la liaison en français : l'input donné aux enfants par les livres audio. L’étude basée sur un corpus de plus de 17 heures (avec 7 348 contextes de liaison) met le focus sur la variabilité de la liaison après substantif,c'est, pasetmais. Elle montre que cette variation s'explique, en plus des facteurs internes, par le positionnement morphosyntaxique du texte entre immédiat et distance (p. ex.Le Petit Nicolas vscontes de fée) et, à l'intérieur d'une même lecture, par l'opposition entre récit et discours direct (des différents personnages).
Factors Associated with Time to Arrival at a Regional Pediatric Trauma Center
Authors: Odetola Folafoluwa O. , Mann N. Clay , Hansen Kristine W. , Bratton Susan L. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that the prehospital time between injury and arrival at a trauma center for critically injured children is associated with patient injury severity and mode of transport.MethodsSecondary analysis of prospectively collected data on children 0-17 years of age admitted with traumatic injuries to a designated Level I pediatric trauma center from January 1, 2006 through September 30, 2007 was conducted. Multivariate regression methods were used to assess for factors independently associated with prehospital time.ResultsOf 1,175 admissions during the study period, only 355 (30%) had a prehospital time within 60 minutes of injury. Prehospital time within 60 minutes of injury was associated with higher frequency of coma, higher mean injury severity scores (ISS), and greater frequency of admission to the intensive care unit when compared with prehospital time beyond 60 minutes of injury. Children who arrived at the trauma center within 60 minutes versus beyond 60 minutes were 13-fold (odds ratio [OR]: 12.9; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 7.6-22.0) more likely to be transported via air ambulance than a private vehicle, and had 4.8-fold greater odds (95% CI, 2.2-10.3) of transport via ground ambulance than private vehicle. For each kilometer of distance between the injury zip code and the trauma center, the odds of arrival within 60 minutes versus beyond 60 minutes decreased by 15% (OR: 0.85; 95% CI, 0.79-0.91).ConclusionField triage and decision making appeared to correlate with severity of patient injury with expeditious transport of the most severely injured children to definitive trauma care. This finding serves as important groundwork that might enable further study into factors that influence triage and overall prehospital care for critically injured children.OdetolaFO, MannNC, HansenKW, BrattonSL. Factors associated with time to arrival at a regional pediatric trauma center. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2016;31(1):4–9.
Determination of Mean Inner Potential and Inelastic Mean Free Path of ZnTe Using Off-Axis Electron Holography and Dynamical Effects Affecting Phase Determination
Authors: Gan Zhaofeng , DiNezza Michael , Zhang Yong-Hang , Smith David J. , McCartney Martha R. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe mean inner potential (MIP) and inelastic mean free path (IMFP) of undoped ZnTe are determined using a combination of off-axis electron holography and convergent beam electron diffraction. The ZnTe MIP is measured to be 13.7±0.6 V, agreeing with previously reported simulations, and the IMFP at 200 keV is determined to be 46±2 nm for a collection angle of 0.75 mrad. Dynamical effects affecting holographic phase imaging as a function of incident beam direction for several common semiconductors are systematically studied and compared using Bloch wave simulations. These simulation results emphasize the need for careful choice of specimen orientation when carrying out quantitative electron holography studies in order to avoid erroneous phase measurements.