bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bifunctional Magnetic Luminescent Particles Based on Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Grafted with a Europium Silylated Bypiridine Tris(β‐diketonate) Complex
Authors: Silva Robson R. , Duarte Adriana P. , Sábio Rafael M. , Caiut José M. A. , Gressier Marie , Menu Marie‐Joëlle , Franco Adolfo , Ribeiro Sidney J. L. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA new highly magnetic‐luminescent nanocomposites has been synthesized by grafting luminescent europium complex comprising tris(b‐diketone) and bypridine ligand modified with a silylil function group (Eu[(TTA)3(Bpy‐Si)] complex) on the surface of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with 11 nm in size coated with a thin silica outer layer. The γ‐Fe2O3/SiO2 nanoparticles were fully characterized by ATR‐FTIR, FE‐SEM, HR‐TEM and magnetic measurements to confirm the structure of nanocomposite and the superparamagnetic behavior. Grafting with europium silylated bypiridine tris(β‐diketonate) complex on nanoparticles surface was achieved by covalent bonding through triethoxysilyl groups which allows high concentration of the luminescent species. The resulting nanocomposite display superparamagnetic profile and the indirect excitation in the ultraviolet region outcomes high red luminescence intensity (at 613 nm) with narrow characteristic emission lines of Eu(III) and emission lifetime in the millisecond range. The nanocomposite is potentially useful for applications as biolabelling, imaging, bio‐separation and bioassays.
Cyclotriveratrylene‐Based Glycoclusters as High Affinity Ligands of Bacterial Lectins from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia ambifaria
Authors: Galanos Nicolas , Chen Yanan , Michael Zachary P. , Gillon Emilie , Dutasta Jean‐Pierre , Star Alexander , Imberty Anne , Martinez Alexandre , Vidal Sébastien 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe design of multivalent glycoconjugates has been largely studied using a variety of core scaffolds. Cyclotriveratrylenes (CTV) have been scarcely used in this context. The synthesis of the tri‐ and hexa‐propargylated CTV cores allowed the preparation of the corresponding glycoclusters with galactose or fucose residues through azide‐alkyne “click” chemistry. Their interactions with bacterial lectins (LecA, LecB and BambL) was confirmed and studied by titration microcalorimetry. Adsorption onto carbon nanotubes was then attempted based on the hydrophobic CTV cores. Their incorporation into field effect transistor (FET) devices was accomplished but the data collected largely suggested a poor interaction of CTV‐based glycoclusters with the carbon nanotubes leading to non‐specific detection of the lectins.
Synthesis of the Pentasaccharide Repeating Unit Related to the Exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus plantarum C88 in the Form of its 2‐Aminoethyl Glycoside
Authors: Sarkar Vikramjit , Mukhopadhyay Balaram 
Published: November 2016

AbstractChemical synthesis of the pentasaccharide, β‐D‐Galp‐(1→6)‐α‐D‐Galp‐3‐O‐(β‐D‐Glcp)‐(1→2)‐α‐D‐Glcp‐(1→3)‐β‐D‐Glcp, is reported by following a convenient [2+2+1] strategy. Two disaccharides α‐D‐Galp‐(1→3)‐β‐D‐Glcp and α‐D‐Galp‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐Galp were synthesized from commercially available monosaccharides through rational protecting group manipulations and coupled to make a tetrasaccharide. The last Glc unit was coupled with the tetrasaccharide to furnish the target pentasaccharide. Stereoselective glycosylations were achieved by the activation of thioglycosides using N‐iodosuccinimide and H2SO4‐silica or activation of trichloroacetimidate using H2SO4‐silica alone. Finally, global deprotection furnished the target molecule. The target pentasaccharide has been synthesized in the form of its 2‐aminoethyl glycoside to facilitate further glycoconjugate formation using the terminal free amine.
A Simple and Efficient Synthesis of Secondary Alkylamines from Nitroalkanes
Authors: Huang Zhi , Lv Jianbo , Jia Yanxing 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe 1, 2‐addition of various alkyl Grignard reagents to nitroalkanes gives N‐substituted hydroxylamines, which are readily converted into secondary dialkylamines upon reduction. This method provides a practical and efficient method for the direct conversion of nitroalkanes to secondary alkyl amines.
Influence of L‐Leu to D‐Leu Replacement on the Helical Secondary Structures of L‐Leu‐Aib‐Based Dodecapeptides
Authors: Demizu Yosuke , Okitsu Koyo , Doi Mitsunobu , Misawa Takashi , Oba Makoto , Tanaka Masakazu , Kurihara Masaaki 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA dodecapeptide, Boc‐(L‐Leu‐L‐Leu‐Aib‐L‐Leu‐D‐Leu‐Aib)2‐OMe (2), was designed and synthesized to investigate the influence of L‐Leu to D‐Leu residue replacement on the helical secondary structure of L‐Leu‐Aib‐based dodecapeptides. Its preferred conformation was analyzed based on its Fourier transform infrared spectra, CD spectra, and X‐ray diffraction. It was revealed that peptide 2 formed a mixture of right‐handed (P) 310‐ and α‐helical structures in solution, and eight helical molecules were assembled in the crystalline state.
Adaptive trade‐off between consistency and performance in data replication
Authors: Sun Hailong , Xiao Bang , Wang Xu , Liu Xudong 
Published: November 2016

SummaryReplication is widely adopted in modern Internet applications and distributed systems to improve the reliability and performance. Though maintaining the strong consistency among replicas can guarantee the correctness of application behaviors, however, it will affect the application performance at the same time because there is a well‐known trade‐off between consistency and performance. Many real‐world applications favoring performance often choose to enforce weak consistency. Although there has been some work on flexible configuration of consistency, most focuses on design or deployment time. As the system settings constantly change during runtime, the tuning of the consistency‐performance trade‐off needs to be handled dynamically. Failing to do that will cause either underestimation or overestimation of the consistency and performance that can be achieved. Existing work does not well support the dynamic tuning of the aforementioned trade‐off in runtime, which is mainly because of the lack of an appropriate quantitative model of consistency and performance. In this work, based on our previous effort on the quantitative model of consistency and latency, we design a replication protocol, CC‐Paxos, to achieve an adaptive trade‐off between consistency and performance according to application preferences and runtime information. By design, CC‐Paxos is not bound to any specific underlying data stores. We have implemented CC‐Paxos and applied it to MySQL databases. And real experiments both within a data center and across data centers show that CC‐Paxos not only can dynamically adjust the delivered consistency in return for ensured performance but also outperforms MySQL Cluster in the case of strong consistency guarantee. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tests on ferritic stainless steel simply supported and continuous SHS and RHS beams
Authors: Arrayago Itsaso , Real Esther , Mirambell Enrique 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDevelopment of efficient design guidance for stainless steel structures (considering non‐linear behaviour, strain hardening and allowing for moment redistribution in indeterminate structures) is crucial for the widespread use of this corrosion‐resistant material. This paper presents an experimental programme involving ferritic stainless steel simply supported and continuous beams (RHS and SHS) and the assessment of existing cross‐sectional classifications and different plastic design methods available in the literature for indeterminate stainless steel structures, not currently allowed in stainless steel standards. The analysis indicated that some cross‐sectional classification limits seem to be too optimistic for ferritic stainless steels and further research is needed in order to extend plastic design to these grades.
Stochastic damage‐reduction spectrum for seismic design of buildings with structural fuses
Authors: Li Gang , Wang Mengchen , Zeng Yan , Jiang Yi , Hu Hao 
Published: November 2016

SummaryStochastic damage‐reduction spectrum is proposed to design the buildings with metallic hysteretic dampers as structural fuses by considering the randomness of seismic loads. Firstly, the structure is separated into two parts: the main part with structural function and the part of structural fuses that is used to dissipate seismic energy. Then a dimensionless single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) system with trilinear restoring force is obtained via structural pushover analysis. The stochastic damage‐reduction spectrum is derived from the SDOF system by utilizing stochastic synthetic ground motions based on a set of far‐field earthquake records. Parameter set of the stochastic damage‐reduction spectrum is studied with the information of structural reliability of the SDOF system. Efficiency of the stochastic damage‐reduction spectrum is confirmed in an example of seismic design of nine‐story planar steel frame with the buckling restrained braces as the structural fuses. An extreme case of seismic load is also considered to test designs from different damage‐reduction spectrum. The seismic design is thus with higher rate of energy absorption by using the stochastic damage‐reduction spectrum.
Prospective study evaluating the incidence of bacteraemia and bacteruria in afebrile and febrile neutropaenic dogs undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: Shaffer Kimberly , Bach Jonathan , Chun Ruthanne 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe purpose of this prospective study was to determine the incidence and character of bacteraemia and bacteruria in afebrile and febrile neutropaenic dogs undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy. Fifty‐five neutropaenic dogs presenting to the University of Wisconsin Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital were enrolled for a total of 57 neutropaenic episodes. The overall incidence of bacteraemia was 12.3% (n = 7/57). Three afebrile dogs and four febrile dogs were bacteraemic; this difference was not significant (P = 0.6968). The overall incidence of bacteruria was 7.5% (n = 4/53). Two afebrile dogs and two febrile dogs were bacteruric; this difference was not significant (P = 1.0). Of the positive blood cultures, the majority of organisms cultured (n = 6/7) were gram‐positive organisms with one gram‐negative organism. Three of the positive blood cultures showed in vitro resistance to more than one antimicrobial agent. Clinical parameters (age, body weight, heart rate, rectal temperature, neutrophil count, haematocrit and platelet count) were not predictive of bacteraemia. The results of this study were not sufficient to justify the use of blood cultures as a first‐line diagnostic test for neutropaenic patients. Blood cultures may have utility in individual case management for a minority of patients in guiding antibiotic choice in the case of resistant bacterial infections. Blood cultures may serve as a tool for antimicrobial de‐escalation, although further study is needed.
Computational inference of physical spatial organization of eukaryotic genomes
Authors: Xu Bingxiang , Zhang Zhihua 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundChromosomes are packed in the cell’s nucleus, and chromosomal conformation is critical to nearly all intranuclear biological reactions, including gene transcription and DNA replication. Nevertheless, chromosomal conformation is largely a mystery in terms of its formation and the regulatory machinery that accesses it.ResultsThanks to recent technological developments, we can now probe chromatin interaction in substantial detail, boosting research interest in modeling genome spatial organization. Here, we review the current computational models that simulate chromosome dynamics, and explain the physical and topological properties of chromosomal conformation, as inferred from these newly generated data.ConclusionNovel models shall be developed to address questions beyond averaged structure in the near further.
Rethinking pathology in adolescent self‐harm: Towards a more complex understanding of risk factors
Authors: Stanford Sarah , Jones Michael P. , Hudson Jennifer L. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTResearchers have begun to consider whether there may be more than one psychological profile to describe adolescents who engage in self‐harm. Limited past research suggests multiple different profiles. Australian high school students (n = 1,521, age 11–19, 56.4% female) completed an online questionnaire reporting risk and protective factors and self‐harm frequency. Non‐hierarchical cluster analysis allocated 256 students who reported 6‐month self‐harm to mutually exclusive profiles based on psychological similarity. Five distinct psychological profiles were identified: 1) Psychologically 'normal'; 2) Anxiety symptoms; 3) Impulsive; 4) Pathological; and 5) Pathological‐Impulsive. The proportion of adolescents that reported 11 or more episodes of self‐harm varied from 5.7% in the psychologically 'Normal' group to 27.7% in the 'Pathological‐ Impulsive' group. These results indicate that multiple psychological profiles exist. Adolescents with different risk factors may require disparate strategies for treatment and prevention. Given the variability in profiles, screening may assist in detecting adolescents who self‐harm.
Mesozoic granitoids in the structure of the Bezymyannyi metamorphic-core complex (western Transbaikalia)
Authors: Donskaya T.V. , Gladkochub D.P. , Mazukabzov A.M. , Wang T. , Guo L. , Rodionov N.V. , Demonterova E.I. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
We performed geological, geochronological, and isotope-geochemical studies of two tectonized-granite bodies intruding the rocks of the lower plate of the Bezymyannyi metamorphic-core complex (MCC) (western Transbaikalia). The U–Pb zircon age of sheared granites sampled on the periphery of the Bezymyannyi MCC near the detachment zone is 202 ± 2 Ma (LA–ICP-MS). The U–Pb dating (SHRIMP-II) of zircon grains from gneissic granite intruding the rocks of the lower plate in the central zone of the Bezymyannyi MCC has yielded an age of 165 ± 2 Ma. The sheared granites dated at 202 Ma (Late Triassic) have low contents of Nb and Ta and high contents of Sr and Ba, probably inherited from magmatic subduction-related sources. These granites are characterized by εNd(T) = –3.7, which, along with the high contents of K2O and medium contents of Th, testifies to the presence of continental-crust material in their source. Thus, they formed, most likely, from a mixed mantle–crust source. The studied granites, like other Triassic igneous rocks in Transbaikalia, might have originated in the suprasubduction setting during the evolution of the active continental margin of the Siberian continent. The gneissic granites dated at 165 Ma (Middle Jurassic) have high contents of K2O, Rb, and Th, are depleted in Nb, and are characterized by εNd(T) = 0 and a negative Eu anomaly on the REE patterns. They formed, most likely, from an intermediate–felsic crustal source. These Middle Jurassic granites, like other small Jurassic granitoid massifs spatially associated with MCCs in western Transbaikalia, intruded in the western part of the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean after its closure, during the change of the subduction regime for the collisional one. The studied Late Triassic granites of the Bezymyannyi MCC cannot be associated with MCCs in Transbaikalia because their intrusion was related to the subduction of the oceanic plate of the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean beneath the Siberian continent. The Middle Jurassic granites of the Bezymyannyi MCC, together with other small Jurassic granitoid massifs, can be classified as prekinematic intrusions formed earlier than MCCs in western Transbaikalia. However, it is unlikely that their intrusion caused a large-scale crustal extension in Transbaikalia.
Is prosodic production driven by lexical development? Longitudinal evidence from babble and words
Authors: DE CLERCK ILKE , PETTINATO MICHÈLE , VERHOEVEN JO , GILLIS STEVEN 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis study investigated the relation between lexical development and the production of prosodic prominence in disyllabic babble and words. Monthly recordings from nine typically developing Belgian-Dutch-speaking infants were analyzed from the onset of babbling until a cumulative vocabulary of 200 words was reached. The differentiation between the two syllables of isolated disyllabic utterances was computed for f0, intensity, and duration measurements. Results showed that the ambient trochaic pattern emerged in babble, but became enhanced in words. Words showed more prosodic differentiation in terms of f0 and intensity and a more even duration ratio. Age or vocabulary size did not predict the expansion of f0 or intensity in words, whereas vocabulary size was related to the production of more even-timed syllables. The findings are discussed in terms of lexicalist accounts of phonetic development and a potential phonetic highlighting function of first words.
Trade-offs and synergies between carbon, forest diversity and forest products in Nepal community forests
Authors: RANA EAK , THWAITES RIK , LUCK GARY 
Published: November 2016

SUMMARYReducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, the sustainable management of forests and the conservation and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries (‘REDD+’) aims to improve local livelihoods and conserve plant diversity while limiting carbon emissions. Yet trade-offs and synergies that exist between supporting livelihoods, protecting plant diversity and maintaining forest ecosystem services are poorly documented. We used forest inventory data and community-group records to assess trade-offs and synergies between carbon, plant diversity and forest products in 19 community forests managed under REDD+ in Nepal. Trade-offs were prevalent for carbon, whereby community forests with relatively high carbon values had relatively low values for plant diversity or forest products provision, and vice versa. Synergies occurred between plant diversity and forest products provision (fuelwood and fodder), suggesting that forests with relatively high plant diversity values were also important for providing critical forest products to local communities. This study shows that conserving forests for carbon should not impinge greatly on the flow of forest resources to at least some local communities; however, promoting carbon storage will not necessarily protect plant diversity. These findings should help guide future REDD+ policy for community forests.
Tick microbiome and pathogen acquisition altered by host blood meal
Authors: Swei Andrea , Kwan Jessica Y 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Lyme disease, a zoonotic disease, is the most prevalent vector-borne disease in the Northern Hemisphere. Diversity of the vector (tick) microbiome can impact pathogen transmission, yet the biotic and abiotic factors that drive microbiome diversity are largely unresolved, especially under natural, field conditions. We describe the microbiome of Ixodes pacificus ticks, the vector for Lyme disease in the western United States, and show a strong impact of host blood meal identity on tick microbiome species richness and composition. Western fence lizards, a host that is refractory to the Lyme disease pathogen, significantly reduces microbiome diversity in ticks relative to ticks that feed on a mammalian reservoir host. Host blood meal-driven reduction of tick microbiome diversity may have lifelong repercussions on I. pacificus vector competency and ultimately disease dynamics.
Positive and strongly relaxed purifying selection drive the evolution of repeats in proteins
Authors: Persi Erez , Wolf Yuri I. , Koonin Eugene V 
Published: November 2016

AbstractProtein repeats are considered hotspots of protein evolution, associated with acquisition of new functions and novel phenotypic traits, including disease. Paradoxically, however, repeats are often strongly conserved through long spans of evolution. To resolve this conundrum, it is necessary to directly compare paralogous (horizontal) evolution of repeats within proteins with their orthologous (vertical) evolution through speciation. Here we develop a rigorous methodology to identify highly periodic repeats with significant sequence similarity, for which evolutionary rates and selection (dN/dS) can be estimated, and systematically characterize their evolution. We show that horizontal evolution of repeats is markedly accelerated compared with their divergence from orthologues in closely related species. This observation is universal across the diversity of life forms and implies a biphasic evolutionary regime whereby new copies experience rapid functional divergence under combined effects of strongly relaxed purifying selection and positive selection, followed by fixation and conservation of each individual repeat.
Structure and biodiversity of coralligenous assemblages dominated by the precious red coral Corallium rubrum over broad spatial scales
Authors: Casas-Güell Edgar , Cebrian Emma , Garrabou Joaquim , Ledoux Jean-Baptiste , Linares Cristina , Teixidó Núria 
Published: November 2016

AbstractData on species diversity and structure in coralligenous outcrops dominated by Corallium rubrum are lacking. A hierarchical sampling including 3 localities and 9 sites covering more than 400 km of rocky coasts in NW Mediterranean, was designed to characterize the spatial variability of structure, composition and diversity of perennial species inhabiting coralligenous outcrops. We estimated species/taxa composition and abundance. Eight morpho-functional groups were defined according to their life span and growth to characterize the structural complexity of the outcrops. The species composition and structural complexity differed consistently across all spatial scales considered. The lowest and the highest variability were found among localities (separated by >200 km) and within sites (separated by 1–5 km), respectively supporting differences in diversity indices. The morpho-functional groups displayed a consistent spatial arrangement in terms of the number, size and shape of patches across study sites. These results contribute to filling the gap on the understanding of assemblage composition and structure and to build baselines to assess the response of this of this highly threatened habitat to anthropogenic disturbances.
Robustness of a Topologically Protected Surface State in a Sb2Te2Se Single Crystal
Authors: Lee Chao-Kuei , Cheng Cheng-Maw , Weng Shih-Chang , Chen Wei-Chuan , Tsuei Ku-Ding , Yu Shih-Hsun , Chou Mitch Ming-Chi , Chang Ching-Wen , Tu Li-Wei , Yang Hung-Duen , Luo Chih-Wei , Gospodinov Marin M. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA topological insulator (TI) is a quantum material in a new class with attractive properties for physical and technological applications. Here we derive the electronic structure of highly crystalline Sb2Te2Se single crystals studied with angle-resolved photoemission spectra. The result of band mapping reveals that the Sb2Te2Se compound behaves as a p-type semiconductor and has an isolated Dirac cone of a topological surface state, which is highly favored for spintronic and thermoelectric devices because of the dissipation-less surface state and the decreased scattering from bulk bands. More importantly, the topological surface state and doping level in Sb2Te2Se are difficult to alter for a cleaved surface exposed to air; the robustness of the topological surface state defined in our data indicates that this Sb2Te2Se compound has a great potential for future atmospheric applications.