bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adipose tissue‐derived extracellular vesicles aggravate temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis associated with obesity
Authors: Li Baochao , Jin Yuqin , Zhang Bingqing , Lu Tong , Li Jialing , Zhang Jingzi , Zhou Yiwen , Wang Yanyi , Zhang Caixia , Zhao Yue , Li Huang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionTemporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is a major disease that affects maxillofacial health and is characterised by cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone remodelling. Obesity is associated with the exacerbation of pathological manifestations of TMJ OA. However, the underlying mechanism between adipose tissue and the TMJ axis remains limited.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of obesity and the adipose tissue on the development of TMJ OA.MethodsThe obesity‐related metabolic changes in TMJ OA patients were detected by physical signs and plasma metabolites. The effects of adipose tissue‐derived EVs (Ad‐EVs) on TMJ OA was investigated through histological and cytological experiments as well as gene editing technology. Alterations of Ad‐EVs in obese state were identified by microRNA‐seq analysis and the mechanism by which EVs affect TMJ OA was explored in vitro and in vivo.ResultsObesity and the related metabolic changes were important influencing factors for TMJ OA. Ad‐EVs from obese mice induced marked chondrocyte apoptosis, cartilage matrix degradation and subchondral bone remodelling, which exacerbated the development of TMJ OA. Depletion of Ad‐EVs secretion by knocking out the geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (Ggpps) gene in adipose tissue significantly inhibited the obesity‐induced aggravation of TMJ OA. MiR‐3074‐5p played an important role in this process .ConclusionsOur work unveils an unknown link between obese adipose tissue and TMJ OA. Targeting the Ad‐EVs and the miR‐3074‐5p may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for obesity‐related TMJ OA.Key points
High‐fat‐diet‐induced obesity aggravate the progression of TMJ OA in mice.
Obese adipose tissue participates in cartilage damage through the altered miRNA in extracellular vesicles.
Inhibition of miR‐3074‐5p/SMAD4 pathway in chondrocyte alleviated the effect of HFD‐EVs on TMJ OA.
Superficial CD34 Positive Fibroblastic Tumor: A Rare Entity With Cytological and Histopathological Correlation
Authors: Sharma Abhiruchi , Khuraijam Bembem , Khurana Nita , Pandey Neha , Singh Chandra Bhushan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTSuperficial CD34‐positive fibroblastic tumor (SPFT) is an extremely rare neoplasm of borderline (intermediate) category. To the best of our knowledge, less than 40 cases have been reported in the English literature. It is imperative to understand and emphasize its cytological features as fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is still considered a first line of investigation in such cases in many countries including India. We present a case of a young male aged 27 years who presented to the General Surgery OPD with a history of slow‐growing mass over right thigh for 7 years. FNAC and subsequent histopathological examination revealed a diagnosis of SPFT.
Analysis of Meis2 knockout mice reveals Sonic hedgehog‐mediated patterning of the cochlear duct
Authors: Koo Hei Yeun , Oh Jae Hwan , Durán Alonso María Beatriz , Hernández Iris López , González‐Vallinas Margarita , Alonso María Teresa , Tena Juan J. , Gil‐Gálvez Alejandro , Giraldez Fernando , Bok Jinwoong , Schimmang Thomas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe mechanisms underlying the formation of complex structures such as during the outgrowth of the cochlear duct are still poorly understood.ResultsWe have analyzed the morphological and molecular changes associated with cochlear development in mouse mutants for the transcription factor Meis2, which show defective coiling of the cochlea. These morphological abnormalities were accompanied by the formation of ectopic and extra rows of sensory hair cells. Gene profiling of otic vesicles from Meis2 mutants revealed a dysregulation of genes that are potentially involved in Sonic hedgehog (Shh)‐mediated patterning of the cochlear duct. Like in Shh mutants, Meis2 defective mice showed a loss of genes that are expressed in the apical part of the cochlear duct.ConclusionsTaken together, these data reveal that the loss of Meis2 leads to a phenotype that resembles Shh mutants, suggesting that Meis2 is instrumental for cochlear Shh signaling. The modulation of the same subset of genes provides an interesting insight into which Shh responsive genes are essential for outgrowth and patterning of the cochlear duct.
Relationships between social determinants of health and healthy body composition among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth in the Next Generation: Youth Well‐being study
Authors: McKay Christopher D. , Gubhaju Lina , Gibberd Alison J. , McNamara Bridgette J. , Macniven Rona , Joshy Grace , Yashadhana Aryati , Fields Ted , Williams Robyn , Roseby Robert , Azzopardi Peter , Banks Emily , Eades Sandra J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIssue AddressedLittle is currently known about the relationships between body composition and the social determinants of health among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth in Australia, which could help inform policy responses to address health inequities.MethodsThis study aimed to explore the relationship between various social factors and healthy body mass index (BMI) and waist/height ratio (WHtR) among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth aged 16–24 years. Baseline survey data from 531 participants of the ‘Next Generation: Youth Well‐being study’ were used. Robust Poisson regression quantified associations between healthy body composition and self‐reported individual social factors (education, employment and income, government income support, food insecurity, home environment, relationship status, racism), family factors (caregiver education and employment) and area‐level factors (remoteness, socioeconomic status).ResultsHealthy body composition was less common among those living in a crowded home (healthy WHtR aPR 0.67 [0.47–0.96]) and those receiving government income support (healthy BMI aPR 0.74 [0.57–0.95]). It was more common among those with tertiary educated caregivers (healthy BMI aPR 1.84 [1.30–2.61]; healthy WHtR aPR 1.41 [1.05–1.91]) and those in a serious relationship (healthy BMI aPR 1.33 [1.02–1.75]).ConclusionsSocial factors at the individual and family level are associated with healthy body composition among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth.So What?The findings of this study highlight the potential for health benefits for youth from policies and programs that address social inequities experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia.
Experiences of genetic counselors practicing in multiple languages: Progress and places for improvement
Authors: Mitchell Bailey , Bélanger Brigitte , Berninger Taylor , Fernandez Sara , Vanneste Rachel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAs awareness of the value of genetic counseling services increases, there has been greater recognition of the need to diversify service delivery into different languages. Studies within genetic counseling and related fields have identified complications that can arise from language nonconcordance between provider and patient. A strategy to mitigate language barriers is prioritizing the development of a multilingual workforce of genetic counselors (GCs) who can communicate with patients in their preferred language. This exploratory study assessed the experiences of multilingual GCs who have practiced in a clinical role with the aim to identify relevant challenges and differences when counseling in their nondominant language. Statistical analysis was performed to identify differences in session tasks and emotions experienced when counseling in one's nondominant language versus their dominant language. Data analysis identified an increase in reported difficulty level for most clinical tasks while using a nondominant language, most notably for difficulty with psychosocial counseling, disclosing results, and administrative tasks. Participants were also surveyed on employer support and resources provided. Overall, results suggest that multilingual GCs may benefit from greater support in certain areas within clinical roles to enhance their ability to provide patient care in their nondominant language.
Unveiling Resmetirom: A systematic review and meta‐analysis on its impact on liver function and safety in non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis treatment
Authors: Hashim Hashim Talib , Alhatemi Ahmed Qasim Mohammed , Riaz Sania , Al‐Ghuraibawi Mohammedbaqer Ali , Alabide Arwa S. , Saeed Humza , Sulaiman Fatimah Abdullah , Alhussain Mustafa Ali Abd , Shallan Maythum Ali , Al‐Obaidi Ahmed Dheyaa , Saab Omar , Al‐Obaidi Hasan , Hashim Ali Talib , Merza Nooraldin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and AimThe role of Resmetirom in non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents a promising therapeutic approach in addressing the growing global burden of liver disease. With NASH emerging as a leading cause of liver‐related morbidity and mortality worldwide, there is an urgent need for effective treatments. Resmetirom, a selective thyroid hormone receptor‐β agonist, offers potential benefits in improving liver histology and metabolic parameters in patients with NASH. This review examines the current evidence surrounding Resmetirom's role in NASH management.MethodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis was done by searching in Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, MEDLINE (including MEDLINE InProcess) (OvidSP), Web of Science, Embase (OvidSP), and Scopus databases. ROB2 Cochrane tool was used for assessing risk of bias in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). In the analysis, we used RevMan Cochrane software.ResultsThe study showed that patients who were treated with Resmetirom had significantly lower low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (LDL‐C) levels (mean difference [MD] −10.45; 95% confidence interval [CI] −15.86 to −5.83; P < 0.001) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (MD −7.18; 95% CI −12.67 to −1.68; P = 0.01) as compared with those in the placebo group. The risk of adverse events including diarrhea [risk ratio (RR) 1.81; 95% CI 1.40 to 2.35; P < 0.001] and nausea (RR 1.72; 95% CI 1.31 to 2.27; P < 0.001) was significantly increased for the Resmetirom group as compared with the placebo group.ConclusionResmetirom presents a promising therapeutic option for NASH, offering potential benefits in reducing liver fat content and improving histological outcomes. The encouraging results from clinical trials suggest that Resmetirom may address an unmet need in NASH management, providing hope for patients with this progressive liver disease. Further research and long‐term studies are warranted to validate its efficacy and safety profile in larger patient populations.
Practical Copper‐Catalyzed Double N‐Arylation of Cyclic Diaryliodoniums: Synthesis of 5H‐Dibenzo[d, f][1,3]Diazepine, and Benzo[c]Cinnoline Derivatives
Authors: Zhang Lianji , Wu Yujuan , Zhao Yuhui , Wang Cuiping , Wei Wanguo , Zhang Zhiqiang 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAn efficient access to novel families of 7‐membered dibenzodiazepines and 6‐membered benzo[c]cinnoline derivatives has been elaborated. The synthetic strategy is based on a copper‐catalyzed double N‐arylation of cyclic diaryliodoniums with imidamides and 4‐substituted 1, 2, 4‐triazoline‐3, 5‐diones (TADs) respectively under ambient reaction conditions. A mechanistic rationale for the double N‐arylation is discussed.
Predictive Value of Diaphragm Muscle Ultrasound for Ventilator Weaning Outcomes After Cervical Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Bhatia Natasha S. , Kunzweiler Stephany , Conley Christopher , Kim Ki H. , Adewuyi Adenike A. , Mondriguez‐Gonzalez Antonio , Wolfe Lisa F. , Kwasny Mary , Franz Colin K. 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesNeuromuscular respiratory failure after cervical spinal cord injury (cSCI) can lead to dependence on an invasive mechanical ventilator. Ventilator‐free breathing after cSCI is associated with improved morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. We investigated the use of diaphragm muscle ultrasound to predict ventilator weaning outcomes after cSCI.MethodsThis is a retrospective case series conducted at a university‐affiliated freestanding inpatient rehabilitation facility. We identified patients with cSCI who had a tracheostomy and were dependent on an invasive mechanical ventilator at the time of admission to inpatient rehabilitation. A diaphragm muscle ultrasound was performed, which included measurements of the thickness of the diaphragm and a calculation of the thickening ratio (TR), which reflects diaphragm muscle contraction. The primary outcome measure was the need for mechanical ventilation at time of discharge from the inpatient rehabilitation facility. Successful ventilator weaning was defined as either daytime or full 24‐hour ventilator‐free breathing.ResultsOf the 21 patients enrolled, 11 (52%) were able to wean successfully (partially or fully) from the ventilator. Of the ultrasound measurements that were taken, the TR was the optimal predictor for ventilator weaning outcomes. A threshold of TR ≥ 1.2 as the maximum hemidiaphragm measurement had a sensitivity of 1.0 and specificity of 0.90 for predicting ventilator weaning.ConclusionNormal diaphragm contractility (TR ≥ 1.2) as determined by diaphragm muscle ultrasound is a strong positive predictor for successful ventilator weaning in patients with cSCI.Utilizing diaphragm ultrasound, rehabilitation physicians can set precision rehabilitation goals regarding ventilator weaning for inpatients with respiratory failure after cSCI, potentially improving both outcomes and quality of life.
Effectiveness of Changing Drug Classes in Patients With Refractory Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease
Authors: Herman Emilie , Saussez Sven , Lechien Jérôme R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of drug class changes in patients with refractory laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD).Study DesignRetrospective case series with prospective data.SettingMulticenter study.MethodsThe data of patients treated for a refractory LPRD from September 2017 to December 2023 were collected. The effectiveness of drug class changes was assessed through the reflux symptom score (RSS) change. Signs were evaluated with the Reflux Sign Assessment. The RSS reduction was used to categorize the therapeutic responses as mild (20%‐40% RSS reduction), moderate (40.1%‐60% RSS reduction), high (60.1%‐80%), and complete (>80%).ResultsAmong the 334 medical records, 74 (22.2%) patients had refractory LPRD defined as no RSS change in the pre‐ to 3‐month posttreatment. The mean age was 52.6 ± 15.5 years. Changing drug class was associated with significant 3‐ to 6‐month posttreatment reductions of RSS and RSA. Thirty patients (39%) did not experience symptom reduction after changing drugs. Changing alginate to magaldrate and magaldrate to alginate was associated with the highest responder rate (76.9%). Changing PPI and alginate/magaldrate molecules led to a response rate of 62.5%. In patients initially treated with a combination of PPI and alginate or magaldrate, changing PPI without changing alginate/magaldrate led to a 37.5% response rate. The baseline RSS was predictive of the 3‐ and 6‐month RSS (therapeutic response).ConclusionChanging drug class, especially alginate‐to‐magaldrate, may be an effective therapeutic approach for patients with a refractory LPRD.
Redundancy of Pharmacologic Ingredients in Over‐the‐Counter Nasal Sprays
Authors: Trinh Lily N. , Smith Diandra K. , McCoul Edward D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate and determine the prevalence of ingredients in over‐the‐counter (OTC) nasal sprays.Study DesignCross‐sectional.SettingRetail pharmacies.MethodsAn inventory of brand‐name and generic OTC nasal sprays was recorded at five national pharmacy outlets in August 2023. Data regarding the active ingredients were collected on commercial websites, MedlinePlus and drugs.com, and frequency statistics were calculated.ResultsFive pharmacies were visited, at which 12 different brand names of nasal sprays were identified at multiple pharmacies. Nine brand names were associated with multiple formulations, accounting for 49 different products. The active ingredients included in our analysis were oxymetazoline, phenylephrine, fluticasone, triamcinolone, budesonide, azelastine, cromolyn sodium, and mometasone. Nasal decongestants had the greatest number of brand name formulations compared to intranasal steroids and antihistamine sprays which had limited choices. Products that included oxymetazoline were the most widely marketed drug (51 unique products) followed sodium chloride (40 unique products).ConclusionThese findings suggest that there are widespread redundancies in the OTC nasal spray market. Clinician should be aware of the redundancy in OTC formulations and encourage patients to read the labels in order to make informed decisions regarding their use of OTC medications.
The Social Reality of Meaning Making: The Dichotomy in the Illness Narratives of Women With Breast Cancer and Biomedical Practitioners in Nigeria
Authors: Adaranijo Aisha Abimbola , Amzat Jimoh , Abdulrahman Dejo , Kanmodi Kehinde Kazeem 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDespite the increasing burden of breast cancer in the developing world, there is a misunderstanding of the complex and multifaceted relationship between culture and cancer, particularly breast cancer. Hence, a dichotomy of illness narratives exists due to differential meaning making concerning breast cancer. While clinicians always recommend biomedical treatment, women with breast cancer often seek alternative treatment pathways.AimsTo explore the experiences of women with breast cancer and clinicians in Nigeria on the dichotomy in the illness narratives.MethodsThis qualitative study used in‐depth interviews and focus group discussion to explore the experiences of 22 women with breast cancer and 7 clinicians in Nigeria on the dichotomy in the illness narratives using grounded theory method analysis.ResultsThis study revealed that many women living with breast cancer (WLBC) hold health beliefs that are contradictory to the biomedical norm. They mostly sought treatment based on the perceived aetiology of breast cancer. The treatment pathway follows faith and traditional healing as alternatives or sometimes in combination with biomedicine. WLBC reported a constant fear of biomedical treatment, perceived to be harmful to women's sexuality, fertility and body image. Hence, after perceived treatment failure from alternative care, biomedical care becomes the last resort, usually at an advanced stage of breast cancer, often responsible for poor prognosis.ConclusionThere is a dichotomy of illness construction between sufferers and health practitioners. To guide women with breast cancer on the path of care, modern care practitioners should consider some cultural norms and practices without compromising professional ethos.
Enhancing global support to address complex sustainable development policy challenges: Learning from success in cross‐sectoral nutrition policy
Authors: Thow Anne Marie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMalnutrition is hampering achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDGs), and requires policy approaches that address food system drivers. However, this will require the adoption of cross‐sectoral policy measures for nutrition, which has proved challenging in practice. This qualitative co‐designed study drew on theories of policy learning to examine the roles of global organisations in fostering and supporting effective cross‐sectoral policy action to improve nutrition. Forty‐three in‐depth interviews were conducted with government actors at global, regional and national level. Key roles of global institutions to support scaling up of effective cross‐sectoral policy for nutrition included the development of best‐practice guidance, provision of operational and other forms of support, convening to enable political awareness and commitment and coordination to create shared vision. Opportunities to improve global support included improving global coordination, developing incentives to use global guidance and rethinking processes and strategies to support contextual adaptation of global guidance.
Optimization of Eugenol Extraction From Piper betle Leaves Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents and Ultrasound‐Assisted Extraction
Authors: Monton Chaowalit , Wunnakup Thaniya , Sueree Lukman , Suksaeree Jirapornchai , Charoenchai Laksana , Jongcharoenkamol Jira 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPiper betle L. (Piperaceae) is a herbal plant used in Thai traditional medicine for its antifungal and antiallergic properties, particularly through topical application. This study aimed to optimize the extraction of Piper betle leaves using natural deep eutectic solvents to enhance the extraction efficiency of eugenol, the active compound in Piper betle leaves. Various types of hydrogen bond donors—including glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, ascorbic acid, and citric acid—were combined with a hydrogen bond acceptor, choline chloride, to prepare natural deep eutectic solvents. The results indicated that lactic acid was the most effective hydrogen bond donor for eugenol extraction. Subsequently, the choline chloride:lactic acid molar ratios, the natural deep eutectic solvent:water mass ratios, and ultrasonication times were varied. Results showed that the optimal conditions based on one‐factor‐at‐a‐time approach were a choline chloride:lactic acid molar ratio of 1:5, a natural deep eutectic solvent:water mass ratio of 2:1, and an ultrasonication time of 30 min. Under these conditions, the eugenol concentration reached 457.22 ± 21.68 µg/mL, compared to 224.76 ± 6.99 µg/mL when ethanol was used. In conclusion, this study successfully optimized the extraction of eugenol from Piper betle leaves using natural deep eutectic solvents. These findings suggest that natural deep eutectic solvents could be a more effective solvent for the extraction of eugenol.
Optical Elements and Keywords, Complements
Authors: Méot François 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter is not a review of the $$60+$$

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optical elements of ’s library. They are described in the Users’ Guide. One aim here is, regarding some of them, to briefly recall some aspects which may not be found in the Users’ Guide and yet addressed, or referred to, in the theoretical reminder sections and in the exercises. This chapter is not a review of the $$40+$$

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monitoring and command keywords available in , either. However it reviews some of the methods used, by keywords such as MATRIX (computation of transport coefficients from sets of rays), FAISCEAU (which produces beam emittance parameters), and others. This chapter in addition recalls the basics of transport and beam matrix methods, in particular it provides the first order transport matrix of several of the optical elements used in the exercises, in view essentially of comparisons with transport coefficients drawn from raytracing, in simulation exercises.