bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isomer-specific vibronic structure of the 9-, 1-, and 2-anthracenyl radicals via slow photoelectron velocity-map imaging
Authors: Weichman Marissa L. , DeVine Jessalyn A. , Levine Daniel S. , Kim Jongjin B. , Neumark Daniel M. 
Published: February 2016

Significance
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are involved in soot nucleation following inefficient fuel combustion and are considered mutagens and environmental pollutants. They are also suspected to exist in the interstellar medium, although mechanisms for their formation in space are speculative. It is of great interest in these diverse fields to better characterize PAHs, including their dehydrogenated and charged derivatives, which are harder to isolate and probe. We use high-resolution anion photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemistry calculations to study the energetics, electronic states, and vibrational frequencies of the three dehydrogenated radical isomers of anthracene. These results provide signatures of these species for potential identification in space and illuminate subtle isomer-specific properties relevant to modeling their behavior in combustion and interstellar environments.
BALL-SNPgp—from genetic variants toward computational diagnostics
Authors: Mueller Sabine C. , Backes Christina , Gress Alexander , Baumgarten Nina , Kalinina Olga V. , Moll Andreas , Kohlbacher Oliver , Meese Eckart , Keller Andreas 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Summary: In medical research, it is crucial to understand the functional consequences of genetic alterations, for example, non-synonymous single nucleotide variants (nsSNVs). NsSNVs are known to be causative for several human diseases. However, the genetic basis of complex disorders such as diabetes or cancer comprises multiple factors. Methods to analyze putative synergetic effects of multiple such factors, however, are limited. Here, we concentrate on nsSNVs and present BALL-SNPgp, a tool for structural and functional characterization of nsSNVs, which is aimed to improve pathogenicity assessment in computational diagnostics. Based on annotated SNV data, BALL-SNPgp creates a three-dimensional visualization of the encoded protein, collects available information from different resources concerning disease relevance and other functional annotations, performs cluster analysis, predicts putative binding pockets and provides data on known interaction sites.
Availability and implementation: BALL-SNPgp is based on the comprehensive C ++ framework Biochemical Algorithms Library (BALL) and its visualization front-end BALLView. Our tool is available at www.ccb.uni-saarland.de/BALL-SNPgp.
Contact: ballsnp@milaman.cs.uni-saarland.de
dbDSM: a manually curated database for deleterious synonymous mutations
Authors: Wen Pengbo , Xiao Peng , Xia Junfeng 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Motivation: Synonymous mutations (SMs), which changed the sequence of a gene without directly altering the amino acid sequence of the encoded protein, were thought to have no functional consequences for a long time. They are often assumed to be neutral in models of mutation and selection and were completely ignored in many studies. However, accumulating experimental evidence has demonstrated that these mutations exert their impact on gene functions via splicing accuracy, mRNA stability, translation fidelity, protein folding and expression, and some of these mutations are implicated in human diseases. To the best of our knowledge, there is still no database specially focusing on disease-related SMs.
Results: We have developed a new database called dbDSM (database of Deleterious Synonymous Mutation), a continually updated database that collects, curates and manages available human disease-related SM data obtained from published literature. In the current release, dbDSM collects 1936 SM-disease association entries, including 1289 SMs and 443 human diseases from ClinVar, GRASP, GWAS Catalog, GWASdb, PolymiRTS database, PubMed database and Web of Knowledge. Additionally, we provided users a link to download all the data in the dbDSM and a link to submit novel data into the database. We hope dbDSM will be a useful resource for investigating the roles of SMs in human disease.
Availability and implementation: dbDSM is freely available online at http://bioinfo.ahu.edu.cn:8080/dbDSM/index.jsp with all major browser supported.
Contact: jfxia@ahu.edu.cn
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Histoplasmosis-Associated Hospitalizations in the United States, 2001–2012
Authors: Benedict Kaitlin , Derado Gordana , Mody Rajal K. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
We examined trends in histoplasmosis-associated hospitalizations in the United States using the 2001–2012 National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample. An estimated 50 778 hospitalizations occurred, with significant increases in hospitalizations overall and in the proportion of hospitalizations associated with transplant, diabetes, and autoimmune conditions often treated with biologic therapies; therefore, histoplasmosis remains an important opportunistic infection.
XMM-Newton and Suzaku spectroscopic studies of unidentified X-ray sources towards the Galactic bulge: 1RXS J180556.1−343818 and 1RXS J173905.2−392615
Authors: Mori Hideyuki , Maeda Yoshitomo , Ueda Yoshihiro 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
With XMM-Newton and Suzaku observations, for the first time, we acquired broad-band spectra of two unidentified X-ray sources towards the Galactic bulge: 1RXS J180556.1−343818 and 1RXS J173905.2−392615. The 1RXS J180556.1−343818 spectrum in the 0.3–7 keV band was explained by X-ray emission that originated from an optically-thin thermal plasma with temperatures of 0.5 and 1.8 keV. The estimated absorption column density of NH ∼ 4 × 1020 cm−2 was significantly smaller than the Galactic H i column density towards the source. A candidate for its optical counterpart, HD 321269, was found within 4″. In terms of the X-ray properties and the positional coincidence, it is quite conceivable that 1RXS J180556.1−343818 is an active G giant. We also found a dim X-ray source that was positionally consistent with 1RXS J173905.2−392615. Assuming that the X-ray spectrum can be reproduced with an absorbed, optically-thin thermal plasma model with kT = 1.6 keV, the X-ray flux in the 0.5–8 keV band was 8.7 × 10−14 erg s−1 cm−2, fainter by a factor of ∼7 than that of 1RXS J173905.2−392615 during the ROSAT observation. The follow-up observations we conducted revealed that these two sources would belong to the Galactic disk, rather than the Galactic bulge.
Ghost-House Busters: The Electoral Response to a Large Anti–Tax Evasion Program *
Authors: Casaburi Lorenzo , Troiano Ugo 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe incentives of political agents to enforce tax collection are key determinants of the levels of compliance. We study the electoral response to the Ghost Buildings program, a nationwide anti tax evasion policy in Italy that used innovative monitoring technologies to target buildings hidden from tax authorities. The program induced monetary and non-monetary benefits for non-evaders and an increase in local government expenditures. A one standard deviation increase in town-level program intensity leads to a 4.8% increase in local incumbent reelection rates. In addition, these political returns are higher in areas with lower tax evasion tolerance and with higher efficiency of public good provision, implying complementarity among enforcement policies, the underlying tax culture, and the quality of the government.
The hidden complexity of Mendelian traits across yeast natural populations
Authors: Hou Jing , Sigwalt Anastasie , Pflieger David , Peter Jackson , de Montigny Jacky , Dunham Maitreya , Schacherer Joseph 
Published: February 2016

AbstractMendelian traits are considered as the lower end of the complexity spectrum of heritable phenotypes. However, more than a century after the rediscovery of Mendel’s law, the global landscape of monogenic variants as well as their effects and inheritance patterns within natural populations is still not well understood. Using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we performed a species-wide survey of Mendelian traits across a large population of isolates. We generated offspring from 41 unique parental pairs, and analyzed 1,105 cross/trait combinations. We found that 8.9% of the cases were Mendelian. Most were caused by common variants showing stable inheritances in a natural population. However, we also found that a rare monogenic variant related to drug resistance displayed a significant and variable expressivity across different genetic backgrounds, leading to modified inheritances ranging from intermediate to high complexities. Our results illustrate for the first time the continuum of the hidden complexity of a monogenic mutation, where genotype is hardly predictive of phenotype.
Plant functional constraints guide macroevolutionary trade‐offs in competitive and conservative growth responses to nitrogen
Authors: Wooliver Rachel , Pfennigwerth Alix A. , Bailey Joseph K. , Schweitzer Jennifer A. 
Published: February 2016

Summary

Decades of research show that plants vary in their growth responses to increasing soil nitrogen (N), supporting theory on evolutionary trade‐offs between competitive and conservative growth strategies. However, we lack an explicit examination of the evolutionary processes guiding trade‐offs in competitive and conservative growth responses to N addition (GRN), processes which should include selection across environmental gradients and constraint within certain plant functional types.

To determine current variation in GRN across plants, we collected previously published data on total biomass responses of 125 terrestrial plant species to N fertilization, relative to control soil N conditions. We calculated phylogenetic signal of GRN to assess the influence of shared evolutionary history on variation in N use capacities. To determine whether this variation is consistent with stabilizing selection towards unique N use capacities across environmental gradients and plant functional types, we compared the fit (second‐order Akaike Information Criterion) of species’ GRN data to models that approximate evolution according to genetic drift with and without stabilizing selection across plant functional types, biomes, latitude, mean annual temperature and annual precipitation.

More than one in four species in our analysis responded negatively or neutrally to increasing soil N and responses ranged from a 60% decrease to an 1800% increase in biomass with added N. We identified a significant phylogenetic signal for GRN, and evolutionary models incorporating stabilizing selection plus genetic drift explained more variation in GRN than models incorporating genetic drift alone. Parameter estimates from selection‐based models indicate that plant functional types have experienced selection towards GRN values (i.e. evolutionary optima) that differ more than among biomes or across climatic gradients.

Overall, our results suggest that phylogenetic relatedness and stabilizing selection associated with functional constraints are two aspects of past evolution that govern whether species will be winners or losers in global soil N addition scenarios.
Party patronage in contemporary democracies: Results from an expert survey in 22 countries from five regions
Authors: KOPECKÝ PETR , MEYER SAHLING JAN‐HINRIK , PANIZZA FRANCISCO , SCHERLIS GERARDO , SCHUSTER CHRISTIAN , SPIROVA MARIA 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis Research Note presents a new dataset of party patronage in 22 countries from five regions. The data was collected using the same methodology to compare patterns of patronage within countries, across countries and across world regions that are usually studied separately. The Note addresses three research questions that are at the centre of debates on party patronage, which is understood as the power of political parties to make appointments to the public and semi‐public sector: the scope of patronage, the underlying motivations and the criteria on the basis of which appointees are selected. The exploration of the dataset shows that party patronage is, to a different degree, widespread across all regions. The data further shows differences between policy areas, types of institutions such as government ministries, agencies and state‐owned enterprises, and higher, middle and lower ranks of the bureaucracy. It is demonstrated that the political control of policy making and implementation is the most common motivation for making political appointments. However, in countries with a large scope of patronage, appointments serve the purpose of both political control and rewarding supporters in exchange for votes and services. Finally, the data shows that parties prefer to select appointees who are characterised by political and personal loyalty as well as professional competence.
The pelican slaughter of 1911: a history of competing values, killing and private property from the Coorong, South Australia
Authors: O'Gorman Emily 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIn 1911, approximately 2000 pelicans were slaughtered on a group of islands within the Coorong lagoon in South Australia. The islands were a favoured nesting site, and a group of people had waited until the eggs hatched to kill both adult and young birds in order to collect the maximum payout from a 1 penny bounty that had been put on the head of each pelican by the South Australian Fisheries Department. The killings prompted advocates of bird protection, particularly ornithologists, to seek security for the rookeries against future raids by leasing the islands. A range of other interests became entangled in this decision, as some ornithologists also sought to prevent local Aboriginal people from harvesting bird eggs in the area. Examining these events and their consequences, this article has two related goals. The first goal is to show the role of animals and their environments in co‐shaping legal geographies. The second is to examine the contours and histories of competing ideas about protection, killing, and private property that shaped the legal geography of the Coorong.
Effectiveness of a universal internet‐based prevention program for ecstasy and new psychoactive substances: a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Champion Katrina E. , Newton Nicola C. , Stapinski Lexine A. , Teesson Maree 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effectiveness of an online school‐based prevention program for ecstasy (MDMA) and new psychoactive substances (NPS).DesignCluster randomized controlled trial with two groups (intervention and control).SettingEleven secondary schools in Australia.ParticipantsA total of 1126 students (mean age: 14.9 years).InterventionThe internet‐based Climate Schools: Ecstasy and Emerging Drugs module uses cartoon storylines to convey information about harmful drug use. It was delivered once weekly, during a 4‐week period, during health education classes. Control schools received health education as usual.MeasurementPrimary outcomes were self‐reported intentions to use ecstasy and NPS at 12 months. Secondary outcomes were ecstasy and NPS knowledge and life‐time use of ecstasy and NPS. Surveys were administered at baseline, post‐intervention and 6 and 12 month post‐baseline.FindingsAt 12 months, the proportion of students likely to use NPS was significantly greater in the control group (1.8%) than the intervention group [0.5%; odds ratio (OR) = 10.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.31–78.91]. However, students' intentions to use ecstasy did not differ significantly between groups (control = 2.1%, intervention = 1.6%; OR = 5.91, 95% CI = 1.01–34.73). There was a significant group difference in the change from baseline to post‐test for NPS knowledge (β = −0.42, 95% CI = −0.62 to −0.21, Cohen's d = 0.77), with controls [mean = 2.78, standard deviation (SD = 1.48] scoring lower than intervention students (mean = 3.85, SD = 1.49). There was also evidence of a significant group difference in ecstasy knowledge at post‐test (control: mean = 9.57, SD = 3.31; intervention: mean = 11.57, SD = 3.61; β = −0.54, 95% CI = −0.97 to −0.12, P = 0.01, d = 0.73).ConclusionsThe Climate Schools: Ecstasy and Emerging Drugs module, a universal online school‐based prevention program, appeared to reduce students' intentions to use new psychoactive substances and increased knowledge about ecstasy and new psychoactive substances in the short term.
A successful high‐visibility enforcement intervention targeting underage drinking drivers
Authors: Johnson Mark B. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAimsTo measure the effectiveness of a high‐visibility enforcement campaign to reduce rates of underage drinking and driving.DesignMixed‐model analysis compares rates of drinking and driving (1) between the baseline and intervention period and (2) between the baseline and follow‐up period. The impact of the intervention was evaluated using roadside surveys and web surveys.SettingTwo college‐town communities in the mid‐Atlantic region of the United States.ParticipantsStudy participants consisted of 6825 drivers stopped, interviewed and breathalyzed on weekend nights. Web survey data were collected from 2061 students from large state universities in each community.InterventionIncreased high‐visibility enforcement of drinking and driving laws, featuring the use of passive alcohol sensors by police, along with a coordinated publicity campaign.MeasuresRoadside surveys measured breath alcohol concentrations (BrAC) of drivers. The web surveys measured self‐reported drinking.FindingsMixed‐model analysis revealed a statistically significant reduction in drivers with BrACs ≥ 0.08 g/dl during the intervention and follow‐up periods, F(2, 5744) = 6.5, P < 0.01. The web‐survey revealed that students under age 21 also reported significantly less driving after drinking during the intervention and follow‐up periods, F(2, 1767) = 4.6, P < 0.01.ConclusionsA high‐visibility enforcement campaign targeting underage drinking and driving appeared to reduce both underage driving after drinking among US college students as well as drunk driving (breath alcohol concentration ≥ 0.08 g/dl) at any age..
A randomized trial of a pain management intervention for adults receiving substance use disorder treatment
Authors: Ilgen Mark A. , Bohnert Amy S. B. , Chermack Stephen , Conran Carly , Jannausch Mary , Trafton Jodie , Blow Frederic C. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackground and AimsChronic pain is difficult to treat in individuals with substance use disorders and, when not resolved, can have a negative impact on substance use disorder treatment outcomes. This study tested the efficacy of a psychosocial pain management intervention, ImPAT (improving pain during addiction treatment), that combines pain management with content related to managing pain without substance use.DesignSingle‐site, parallel‐groups randomized controlled trial comparing ImPAT to a supportive psychoeducational control (SPC) condition; follow‐up assessments occurred at 3, 6 and 12 months.SettingThe Ann Arbor VA Substance Use Disorder treatment program, USA.ParticipantsVeterans Health Administration patients {n = 129; mean [standard deviation (SD)], age = 51.7 (9.5); 115 of 129 (89%) male; ImPAT (n = 65); SPC (n = 64)}.InterventionImPAT combines principles of cognitive–behavioral therapy and acceptance‐based approaches to pain management with content related to avoiding the use of substances as a coping mechanism for pain. The SPC used a psychoeducational attention control treatment for alcoholism modified to cover other substances in addition to alcohol.MeasurementsPrimary: Pain intensity over 12 months; secondary: pain‐related functioning, frequency of alcohol and drug use over 12 months.FindingsPrimary: randomization to the ImPAT intervention versus SPC predicted significantly lower pain intensity {β [standard error (SE)] = −0.71 (0.29); 95% confidence interval (CI) = −1.29, −0.12}; secondary: relative to the SPC condition, those who received ImPAT also reported improved pain‐related functioning [β (SE) = 0.27 (0.11); 95% CI = 0.05, 0.49] and lower frequency of alcohol consumption [β (SE) = −0.77; 95% CI = −1.34, −0.20]. No differences were found between conditions on frequency of drug use over follow‐up.ConclusionsFor adults with pain who are enrolled in addictions treatment, receipt of a psychological pain management intervention (improving pain during addiction treatment) reduced pain and alcohol use and improves pain‐related functioning over 12 months relative to a matched‐attention control condition.
The Genetic History of Peruvian Quechua‐Lamistas and Chankas: Uniparental DNA Patterns among Autochthonous Amazonian and Andean Populations
Authors: Sandoval José R. , Lacerda Daniela R. , Acosta Oscar , Jota Marilza S. , Robles‐Ruiz Paulo , Salazar‐Granara Alberto , Vieira Pedro Paulo R. , Paz‐y‐Miño César , Fujita Ricardo , Santos Fabricio R. ,   The Genographic Project Consortium
Published: February 2016

SummaryThis study focuses on the genetic history of the Quechua‐Lamistas, inhabitants of the Lamas Province in the San Martin Department, Peru, who speak their own distinct variety of the Quechua family of languages. It has been suggested that different pre‐Columbian ethnic groups from the Peruvian Amazonia, like the Motilones or “shaven heads”, assimilated the Quechua language and then formed the current native population of Lamas. However, many Quechua‐Lamistas claim to be direct descendants of the Chankas, a famous pre‐Columbian indigenous group that escaped from Inca rule in the Andes. To investigate the Quechua‐Lamistas and Chankas’ ancestries, we compared uniparental genetic profiles (17 STRs of Q‐M3 Y‐chromosome and mtDNA complete control region haplotypes) among autochthonous Amazonian and Andean populations from Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador. The phylogeographic and population genetic analyses indicate a fairly heterogeneous ancestry for the Quechua‐Lamistas, while they are closely related to their neighbours who speak Amazonian languages, presenting no direct relationships with populations from the region where the ancient Chankas lived. On the other hand, the genetic profiles of self‐identified Chanka descendants living in Andahuaylas (located in the Apurimac Department, Peru, in the Central Andes) were closely related to those living in Huancavelica and the assumed Chanka Confederation area before the Inca expansion.
Pain in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: a population‐based registry study
Authors: Alriksson‐Schmidt Ann , Hägglund Gunnar 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAimWe assessed prevalence and location of pain in a total population of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) based on the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), age and gender.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was based on the last assessment of children aged 1–14 years in the combined Swedish follow‐up programme and national quality register programme for CP. All were born 2001–2012 and reported to the registry in 2013–2014. Logistic regression was used to regress age, gender and the GMFCS level on the presence of pain. We also assessed pain sites among GMFCS groups.ResultsWe included 2777 children (57% boys) at a median age of 7 years; 32.4% reported pain, with significantly more girls than boys experiencing pain and significantly more children at GMFCS levels III and V than GMFCS I. Pain frequency increased with age and differences among GMFCS levels were found in the lower extremities and abdomen. Pain in the abdomen and hips was most frequent at GMFCS V, knee pain at level III and foot pain at level I.ConclusionOur results showed that although a lower prevalence than in many other studies, pain constituted a significant problem in children and adolescents with CP.