bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anmerkungen zur Anaphorik und Kataphorik der Partikel ḥaiṯu im modernen Hocharabisch
Authors: Langer Michael 
Published: November 2016

Summary
The present paper deals with some aspects of the anaphoric and cataphoric reference functions of the particle (harf) ḥaiṯu in Modern Standard Arabic, paying special emphasis on its versatility in syntactic structures for expressing different meanings (local, temporal, causative and adversative).
By touching upon compounds of ḥaiṯu, e.g. bi-ḥaiṯu (anna), (min) ḥaiṯu anna, min ḥaiṯu and ḥaiṯumā, as well as discussing their German equivalents a moderate contribution is to be rendered in order to further specify references in Arabic-German dictionaries.
Light-Stimulated Generation of Free Radicals by Quinones-Chelators
Authors: Markova Irina D. , Polyakov Nikolay E. , Selyutina Olga Yu. , Fedenok Lidia G. , Fedotov Kirill Yu. , Slepneva Irina A. , Leshina Tatyana V. , Pokrovsky Andrey G. , Vasilieva Nadezhda V. , Weiner Lev M. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The role of metal ions in the mechanism of light-stimulated redox activity of potential anticancer agent 2-phenyl-4-(butylamino)naphtha[2,3-h]quinoline-7,12-dione (Qc) has been studied by CIDNP (chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization) and EPR methods. The photo-induced oxidation of NADH and its synthetic analog – substituted dihydropyridine (DHP) – by quinone Qc was used as a model. The Qc capability of producing chelating complexes with divalent metal ions of Fe, Zn and Ca was studied quantitatively by optical absorption spectroscopy. A significant decrease of electrochemical reduction potential of Qc (ΔE=0.4−0.6 eV for ACN and ACN/PBS solutions) in chelating complexes and in protonated form of Qc was observed. A pronounced increase in efficiency of DHP oxidation in chelating complexes with Zn2+ and Ca2+ ions compared with free Qc was demonstrated. The yields of free radicals, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reaction products, were a few times higher than those in the absence of metal ions. Application of such chelating compounds to enhance ROS generation looks very promising for anti-cancer therapy, including the photodynamic therapy.
A Novel Method for Assessing Muscle Power During the Standing Cable Wood Chop Exercise
Authors: Zemková Erika , Cepková Alena , Uvaček Marián , Šooš L'ubomír 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Zemková, E, Cepková, A, Uvaček, M, and Šooš, L. A novel method for assessing muscle power during the standing cable wood chop exercise. J Strength Cond Res 31(8): 2246–2254, 2017—The study estimates the repeatability and sensitivity of a novel method for assessing (a) the maximal power during the standing cable wood chop exercise with different weights and (b) the endurance of the core muscles. A group of 23 fit men performed (a) maximal effort single repetitions of the standing cable wood chop exercise with weights increasing stepwise up to 1 repetition maximum (1RM) and (b) a set of 20 repetitions at a previously established weight at which maximal power was achieved. Results showed that mean power during the standing cable wood chop exercise is a reliable parameter, with intraclass correlation coefficient values above 0.90 for all weights tested. It was also shown to be a sensitive parameter able to discriminate within-group differences in the maximal power and endurance of core muscles. Substantial individual differences were found in mean power, especially at higher weights, and in the maximal power achieved at about 75% of 1RM (462.2 ± 57.4 W, n = 11), 67% of 1RM (327.2 ± 49.7 W, n = 7), and 83% of 1RM (524.0 ± 63.2 W, n = 5). At these weights, there were also significant differences between the initial and the final repetitions of the wood chop exercise (13.9%, p = 0.025; 10.2%, p = 0.036; and 13.8%, p = 0.028, respectively). These findings indicate that evaluation of the maximal power and endurance of the core muscles during the standing cable wood chop exercise on a weight stack machine is a reliable method and sensitive to differences among physically active individuals.
Western High-Fat Diet Consumption during Adolescence Increases Susceptibility to Traumatic Stress while Selectively Disrupting Hippocampal and Ventricular Volumes
Authors: Kalyan-Masih Priya , Vega-Torres Julio David , Miles Christina , Haddad Elizabeth , Rainsbury Sabrina , Baghchechi Mohsen , Obenaus Andre , Figueroa Johnny D. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPsychological trauma and obesity co-occur frequently and have been identified as major risk factors for psychiatric disorders. Surprisingly, preclinical studies examining how obesity disrupts the ability of the brain to cope with psychological trauma are lacking. The objective of this study was to determine whether an obesogenic Western-like high-fat diet (WD) predisposes rats to post-traumatic stress responsivity. Adolescent Lewis rats (postnatal day 28) were fedad libitumfor 8 weeks with either the experimental WD diet (41.4% kcal from fat) or the control diet (16.5% kcal from fat). We modeled psychological trauma by exposing young adult rats to a cat odor threat. The elevated plus maze and the open field test revealed increased psychological trauma-induced anxiety-like behaviors in the rats that consumed the WD when compared with control animals 1 week after undergoing traumatic stress (p< 0.05). Magnetic resonance imaging showed significant hippocampal atrophy (20% reduction) and lateral ventricular enlargement (50% increase) in the animals fed the WD when compared with controls. These volumetric abnormalities were associated with behavioral indices of anxiety, increased leptin and FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51) levels, and reduced hippocampal blood vessel density. We found asymmetric structural vulnerabilities to the WD, particularly the ventral and left hippocampus and lateral ventricle. This study highlights how WD consumption during adolescence impacts key substrates implicated in post-traumatic stress disorder. Understanding how consumption of a WD affects the developmental trajectories of the stress neurocircuitry is critical, as stress susceptibility imposes a marked vulnerability to neuropsychiatric disorders.
Rapid movement and transcriptional re‐localization of human cohesin on DNA
Authors: Davidson Iain F , Goetz Daniela , Zaczek Maciej P , Molodtsov Maxim I , Huis in 't Veld Pim J , Weissmann Florian , Litos Gabriele , Cisneros David A , Ocampo‐Hafalla Maria , Ladurner Rene , Uhlmann Frank , Vaziri Alipasha , Peters Jan‐Michael 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe spatial organization, correct expression, repair, and segregation of eukaryotic genomes depend on cohesin, ring‐shaped protein complexes that are thought to function by entrapping DNA. It has been proposed that cohesin is recruited to specific genomic locations from distal loading sites by an unknown mechanism, which depends on transcription, and it has been speculated that cohesin movements along DNA could create three‐dimensional genomic organization by loop extrusion. However, whether cohesin can translocate along DNA is unknown. Here, we used single‐molecule imaging to show that cohesin can diffuse rapidly on DNA in a manner consistent with topological entrapment and can pass over some DNA‐bound proteins and nucleosomes but is constrained in its movement by transcription and DNA‐bound CCCTC‐binding factor (CTCF). These results indicate that cohesin can be positioned in the genome by moving along DNA, that transcription can provide directionality to these movements, that CTCF functions as a boundary element for moving cohesin, and they are consistent with the hypothesis that cohesin spatially organizes the genome via loop extrusion.
Tolvaptan use during hyperhydration in paediatric intracranial lymphoma with SIADH
Authors: Willemsen Ruben H , Delgado-Carballar Violeta , Elleri Daniela , Thankamony Ajay , Burke G A Amos , Nicholson James C , Dunger David B 
Published: November 2016

Summary
An 11-year-old boy developed severe syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) after diagnosis of an intracranial B-cell lymphoma. His sodium levels dropped to 118–120 mmol/L despite 70% fluid restriction. For chemotherapy, he required hyperhydration, which posed a challenge because of severe hyponatraemia. Tolvaptan is an oral, highly selective arginine vasopressin V2-receptor antagonist, which has been licensed in adults for the management of SIADH and has been used in treating paediatric heart failure. Tolvaptan gradually increased sodium levels and allowed liberalisation of fluid intake and hyperhydration. Tolvaptan had profound effects on urinary output in our patient with increases up to 8 mL/kg/h and required close monitoring of fluid balance, frequent sodium measurements and adjustments to intake. After hyperhydration, tolvaptan was stopped, and the lymphoma went into remission with reversal of SIADH. We report one of the first uses of tolvaptan in a child with SIADH, and it was an effective and safe treatment to manage severe SIADH when fluid restriction was not possible or effective. However, meticulous monitoring of fluid balance and sodium levels and adjustments of fluid intake are required to prevent rapid sodium changes.

Learning points:

Tolvaptan can be used in paediatric patients with SIADH to allow hyperhydration during chemotherapy.
Tolvaptan has profound effects on urinary output and meticulous monitoring of fluid balance and sodium  levels is therefore warranted.
Tolvaptan was well tolerated without significant side effects.
Characteristics of Children Hospitalized With Aspiration Pneumonia
Authors: Hirsch Alexander W. , Monuteaux Michael C. , Fruchtman Genna , Bachur Richard G. , Neuman Mark I. 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVES:Unlike community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), there is a paucity of data characterizing the patient demographics and hospitalization characteristics of children with aspiration pneumonia. We used a large national database of US children’s hospitals to assess the patient and hospitalization characteristics associated with aspiration pneumonia and compared these characteristics to patients with CAP.METHODS:We identified children hospitalized with a diagnosis of aspiration pneumonia or CAP at 47 hospitals included in the Pediatric Health Information System between 2009 and 2014. We evaluated whether differences exist in patient characteristics (median age and proportion of patients with a complex chronic condition), and hospital characteristics (length of stay, ICU admission, cost, and 30-day readmission rate) between children with aspiration pneumonia and CAP. Lastly, we assessed whether seasonal variability exists within these 2 conditions.RESULTS:Over the 6-year study period, there were 12 097 children hospitalized with aspiration pneumonia, and 121 489 with CAP. Compared with children with CAP, children with aspiration pneumonia were slightly younger and more likely to have an associated complex chronic condition. Those with aspiration pneumonia had longer hospitalizations, higher rates of ICU admission, and higher 30-day readmission rates. Additionally, the median cost for hospitalization was 2.4 times higher for children with aspiration pneumonia than for children with CAP. More seasonal variation was observed for CAP compared with aspiration pneumonia hospitalizations.CONCLUSIONS:Aspiration pneumonia preferentially affects children with medical complexity and, as such, accounts for longer and more costly hospitalizations and higher rates of ICU admission and readmission rates.
Management and Outcomes of Previously Healthy, Full-Term, Febrile Infants Ages 7 to 90 Days
Authors: Greenhow Tara L. , Hung Yun-Yi , Pantell Robert H. 
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND:There is considerable variation in the approach to infants presenting to the emergency department and outpatient clinics with fever without a source. We set out to describe the current clinical practice regarding culture acquisition on febrile young infants and review the outcomes of infants with and without cultures obtained.METHODS:This study analyzed Kaiser Permanente Northern California’s electronic medical record to identify all febrile, full term, previously healthy infants born between July 1, 2010, and June 30, 2013, presenting for care between 7 and 90 days of age.RESULTS:During this 3-year study, 96 156 full-term infants were born at Kaiser Permanente Northern California. A total of 1380 infants presented for care with a fever with an incidence rate of 14.4 (95% confidence interval: 13.6–15.1) per 1000 full term births. Fifty-nine percent of infants 7 to 28 days old had a full evaluation compared with 25% of infants 29 to 60 days old and 5% of infants 61 to 90 days old. Older infants with lower febrile temperatures presenting to an office setting were less likely to have a culture. In the 30 days after fevers, 1% of infants returned with a urinary tract infection. No infants returned with bacteremia or meningitis.CONCLUSIONS:Fever in a medical setting occurred in 1.4% of infants in this large cohort. Forty-one percent of febrile infants did not have any cultures including 24% less than 28 days. One percent returned in the following month with a urinary tract infection. There was no delayed identification of bacteremia or meningitis.
Acceptability of Family-Centered Advanced Care Planning for Adolescents With HIV
Authors: Dallas Ronald H. , Kimmel Allison , Wilkins Megan L. , Rana Sohail , Garcia Ana , Cheng Yao I. , Wang Jichuan , Lyon Maureen E. ,   for the Adolescent Palliative Care Consortium.
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Small pilot studies support the appropriateness of engaging adolescents with chronic or life-limiting illnesses in pediatric advance care planning (pACP). We do not yet know if pACP is acceptable, feasible, and worthwhile, even if emotionally intense, in a fully powered randomized controlled trial.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective 2-arm randomized controlled trial at 6 US urban hospitals. Adolescent/family member dyads were randomized to receive the 1-session-a-week 3-session FAmily-CEntered Advance Care Planning (FACE) pACP intervention (1, ACP Survey; 2, Goals of Care Conversation/Treatment Preferences; 3, Completion of Advance Directive) or active comparator (1, Developmental History; 2, Safety Tips; 3, Nutrition/Exercise). The Satisfaction Questionnaire was administered to participants independently after each session by a blinded research assistant.

RESULTS:
We enrolled 53% of eligible participants and intervened with 97 adolescent/family dyads. Adolescents ranged in age from 14 to 21 years; 54% were male individuals; 93% African American; and 73% perinatally infected. Attendance was 99% for all 3 sessions in each arm. At session 3, FACE adolescents and family dyad members, respectively, found the session useful (98%, 98%) and helpful (98%, 100%), despite feelings of sadness (25%, 17%). FACE adolescents’ improvement in the total subscale A score (useful, helpful, like a load off my mind, satisfied, something I needed to do, courageous, worthwhile) was better than control adolescents at session 3 (β = 1.16, P = .02). There were no adverse events.

CONCLUSIONS:
FACE enabled worthwhile conversations, while simultaneously eliciting intense emotions. No participants withdrew, 99% of those enrolled completed each session, and there were no adverse events, evidence of pACP’s feasibility, acceptability, and safety.
An Intercenter Comparison of Dental Arch Relationships and Craniofacial Form Including a Center Using Nasoalveolar Molding
Authors: Peanchitlertkajorn Supakit , Mercado Ana , Daskalogiannakis John , Hathaway Ronald , Russell Kathleen , Semb Gunvor , Shaw William , Lamichane Manish , Fessler Jennifer , Long Ross E. 
Published: November 2016

Objective: To compare dental arch relationship and craniofacial morphology of patients with CUCLP in pre-adolescence from five cleft centers including a center using NAM. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Five cleft centers in North America. Patients: One hundred eighty-two subjects with repaired CUCLP from the five cleft centers participated in the craniofacial form study. One hundred forty-eight subjects from four of the five centers participated in the dental arch relationship study. Methods: Digital dental models were assessed using the GOSLON Yardstick. Eighteen cephalometric measurements were performed. Measurement means, by center, were compared. Analysis of variance and Tukey-Kramer analysis were used to compare GOSLON scores and cephalometric measurements. Results: The center that performed neither PSOT (including NAM) nor primary bone grafting exhibited the most favorable mean GOSLON score. The same center also showed the highest mean SNA, ANB, and ANS-N-Pg angles. However, the mean ANB and ANS-N-Pg angles were not significantly different from those of the center using NAM. No statistically significant differences were seen for mandibular prominence, vertical dimensions, or dental inclinations. The center with NAM also showed a significantly smaller nasoform angle than two of the four other centers. Conclusion: The centers that used NAM and other forms of PSOT did not have better dental arch relationships or craniofacial morphology compared with the centers that performed only primary lip repair. However, this study was not designed to investigate the cause-and-effect relationship between specific outcomes and particular features of those protocols.
Forensic Dental Age Estimation of Sub-Adult Individuals Using Nolla’s Radiographic Method: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jagmahender Singh Sehrawat  , Monika Singh  , Vishal Sharma  
Published: November 2016

Nolla’s radiographic method of dental age estimation for sub-adult individuals has been commonly used for forensic purposes. To identify the accuracy and credibility of this method, a review has been conducted for estimating the variations/discrepancies between actual chronological and estimated ages of sub-adults individuals calculated by applying Nolla’s radiographic method in different population groups. The articles using Nolla’s method of age estimation and those published between 2006 and 2016 were used after relevant searches in PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, COCHRANE and Web of Science databases. Studies conducted with dental radiographs of healthy subjects between 3 and 18 years of age and those reporting mean differences between the estimated dental age (DA) and chronological age (CA) as a measure of variation were included in the review for meta-analysis. A total of 5813 subjects (2839 boys and 2974 girls) between the age of 3 and 18 years were examined in the study, which were chosen from a total of 87 peer-reviewed articles. Quantitative (10 studies) and qualitative (12 studies) analyses of the results revealed that dental age of most sub-adults was found under-estimated using this method based developmental stages of teeth. The underestimation varied from +0.26 to +1 years for males, and +0.051 to +1.15 for females; with an average mean of 0.35 years and 0.20 years for males and females, respectively. Thus, it can be concluded that Nolla’s method of dental age estimation underestimates the age of an individual in almost all the studies reviewed here. It should be carefully applied for forensic cases requiring legal scrutiny by courts of law.
FUNÇÕES COMUNICATIVAS E RESTRIÇÕES ARTICULATÓRIAS NA DETERMINAÇÃO DO ALINHAMENTO DE CONTORNOS DINÂMICOS
Authors: Lucente Luciana 
Published: November 2016

<span>O presente artigo discute a relação entre fenômenos entoacionais funcionalmente e articulatoriamente determinados segundo os pressupostos de um sistema dinâmico da entoação, a saber <span>o sistema PENTA, proposto por Xu (2005; 2006). A análise do contorno entoacional &gt;LH do <span>sistema DaTo de notação entoacioal (LUCENTE, 2008; 2012) à luz deste sistema leva em consideração o fato de o contorno entoacional &gt;LH, quando em posição inicial de enunciados declarativos, ter seu alinhamento em relação às vogais tônicas determinado por restrições articulatórias <span>em detrimento de restrições funcionais. Em contraposição a esta proposta, o modelo dinâmico do ritmo proposto por Barbosa (2006), ao qual o sistema DaTo atribui seus pressupostos<br /><span>interpretativos, oferece uma abordagem funcional para o fenômeno do alinhamento atrasado <span>presente em &gt;LH em relação a LH. O artigo apresenta argumentos a favor de uma abordagem <span>estritamente articulatória para o fenômeno, porém propõe a aplicação de testes perceptivos para <span>determinar, de acordo com a percepção dos falantes, a atribuição funcional ou formal do movimento realizado pelo contorno entoacional &gt;LH.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span>
A Questionnaire and Model of Role Identity for Iranian English Language Teachers: A Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Sadeghi Moslem , Sahragard Rahman 
Published: November 2016

The aim of this study was to develop a questionnaire and to explore and confirm a model of teacher role identity among Iranian English language teachers in an EFL context. To achieve this aim, a questionnaire was developed and validated based on the literature, the theoretical framework, and the results of a qualitative study. The questionnaire was piloted and its reliability was estimated through Cronbach Alpha (0.87). The face validity of the questionnaire was guaranteed through questionnaire’s good lay out and five experts judged about its content validity. The construct validity of the questionnaire was met through factor analysis. Based on the results of the exploratory factor analysis, thirteen factors emerged under three main categories for Iranian EFL teachers’ role identity. After piloting the questionnaire, it was administered to 507 Iranian EFL teachers from different genders and educational contexts. A structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed on the data using AMOS 22 to test a model of Iranian English language teachers’ role identity in the confirmatory factor analysis. The initial results revealed a poor fit model; however, by eliminating three items from the questionnaire the model fit the data eventually.
An Investigation of the Frequency of Occurrence of Passive Structures in Classical and Modern Persian Literature
Authors: Kashani Ahmad Sabouri , Taheri Marzie , Fallah Elham , Niknezhad Fatemeh , Mansouri Saeideh , Mahmoudi Farzad , Bagheri Maryam , Rahnavard Fereshte 
Published: November 2016

This paper investigates the frequency of occurrence of the passive and impersonal structures at two different periods of Persian literature, namely, classic and modern literature to decide on the tendency of their language use. To do so, a number of texts from the two periods were selected and analyzed. The quantitative study of the data shows that the occurrence of the impersonal structure is much more frequent in both classic and modern texts. The results indicated that Persian writers tend to use impersonal structures rather than the passive voice is not used. The findings also indicated that the passive voice is not so common in Persian.