bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A survey of R&D of intelligent STR system based on behavior pattern recognition in China
Authors: Tang Jun 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to systematically study the research and development history of suspicious transaction reporting (STR) system in China, and introduce the core elements in constructing an intelligent surveillance system which could provide a solution to the situation of low effectiveness and efficiency in Chinese Financial Institutions (FIs) STR procedure nowadays. The solution outputs those falling out of the normal customer behavior profiles instead of only extracting data by the rules issued by authorities.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper reviews the latest literature, regulations and guidelines of STR gathered domestically and overseas, and hands out questionnaire surveys to hundreds of software vendors, regulators and FIs, details the current situation of poor deployment of intelligent in China and tells the difficulties of subjective STR decision procedures.

Findings
Few Chinese FIs have deployed real intelligent STR systems, most are using rule-based filtering systems conformed to the objective STR supervisory regulations. To change the embarrassing situation, the regulators have tried to introduce self-regulatory mode which allows the FIs to define STR decision procedures themselves. Limited by the FIs’ ability of information sharing and investigation scope, FIs could hardly unveil the whole schema of a money laundering organization. The pursuant objective FIs can reach is to construct a system that could tell what the normal customer behaviors look like and extract all those falling out of the system’s expectations as suspicious activities.

Research limitations/implications
Only the core elements of the total intelligent STR system are discussed, that is, what, why and how about the customer behavior pattern recognition system. Besides this, a total solution should also use a watch list, reporting decision, cases management, risk control, etc.

Originality/value
This paper for the first time argues that the orientation of regulatory rules in China has actually hindered the spreading of really effective intelligent system for these years. The author creatively puts forward a solution to the difficult problem for FIs to spot criminal schema directly, instead the FIs should only be required to determine whether the transactions carrying out currently are falling within the expected behavior pattern scopes, which is under the FIs’ capabilities due to the internationally accepted obligations of “Know Your Customer”.
Study on pedestrian flow evacuation with individual-guidance mechanism
Authors: Yao Can Zhong , Liu Xiao Feng , Lin Ji Nan 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to provide the possible and better selection for pedestrian flow evacuation.

Design/methodology/approach
– Simulation.

Findings
– First, according to the model with self-decision agents, the paper figures out that the effect of evacuation guided by the random-walk mechanism exceeds that guided by the inertial mechanism, and specifically, the effect of evacuation could significantly improve if random-walk agents restraint the probability of random walk under 0.4. Besides, on neighborhood reference mechanism, individuals who take neighbors’ average direction as reference tend to achieve better effect of evacuation than that of following majority rule. Furthermore, this paper proposes that an optimal ratio of the proportion of clever individuals and system density exists for evacuation effect improvement. Finally, the evacuating effect with barrier locating in different space is also studied in our research.

Originality/value
– The effect of evacuation could significantly improve if random-walk agents restraint the probability of random walk under 0.4. On neighborhood reference mechanism, individuals who take neighbors’ average direction as reference tend to achieve better effect of evacuation than that of following majority rule.
RFM approach for telecom insolvency modeling
Authors: Zabkowski Tomasz S. 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present application of recency, frequency and monetary value (RFM) approach to predict customer insolvency using telecommunication data corresponding to RFM of late payments. The study tackles a serious problem that telecommunication companies often face and shows the ways to deal with it.

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on a real telecom customer data, RFM approach was tested against decision trees and logistic regression models. Proposed models were evaluated with lift measure, area under the receiver operating characteristic and the ability to detect significant amount of money owed by insolvent customers.

Findings
– The main findings from the research are twofold: RFM approach offers a viable alternative for customer insolvency classification. The proposed models perform well and all of them can capture significant amount of money owed by insolvent customers what is of high importance for the revenue assurance.

Originality/value
– In comparison to previous studies proposed research presents novelty in the following areas. First, it deals with RFM applied to insolvency data (previous studies dealt with direct marketing data). Second, with these three variables it is possible to act as an early warning system for predicting the risk level and probable anomalies as quickly as it is possible (data retrieval and computational time is reduced). Third, RFM approach was tested against decision trees and logistic regression and the quality of the models was also assessed three months after the estimation.
What information to measure? How to measure it?
Authors: Rocchi Paolo 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– Thinkers are still debating about the concept of information while engineers prepare astonishing digital appliances. The purpose of this paper is to address the following questions: what concepts do experts adopt in the working environment? What information do they measure? What can be done to help them?Design/methodology/approach– This paper offers a concise report of the researches driven on the problem of the information definition. The report consists of three principal sections. The first section is twofold. On one hand, there are comments on the various information theories; on the other hand, the semiotics concepts (that engineers and professionals use in intuitive manner) are illustrated.Findings– In consequence of the popularity of the semiotic notions – in the second section – the authors define the concept of signifier using the mathematical language, and discuss some features of this mathematical definition.Practical implications– The third section closes the paper with the illustration of some advantages that the mathematical definition of the signifier offers on the practical plane and from the philosophical perspective.Social implications– The ensemble of those advantages provides a bridge between the humanist culture and digital engineering.Originality/value– The theoretical studies on the concept of information seem to be at a standstill. This paper shows how the measurement of the items of information is handy; and various equations can be unified into a comprehensive frame that facilitates the collaboration of experts coming from different areas.
Kaldorian Disaggregation, Temporary Migration and Welfare: Theory and Calibration
Authors: Cai Tao , Lai Jennifer T. , Hazari Bharat , Mohan Vijay 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn this paper we examine a four‐good, four‐factor model of trade with two agents: domestic residents and temporary migrants. This modelling framework has three important features: first, there are two tradable and two non‐tradable goods; second, there exists Kaldorian disaggregation in consumption; third, the structure incorporates a combination of price adjustment. The results emphasize the influence of factor accumulation at constant traded goods prices on the variable prices of non‐traded goods. We also analyse the impact of temporary migration and other structural parameters on domestic welfare. To highlight our results, our model is calibrated on a typical small open economy, Hong Kong, and a wide array of situations are presented when temporary migration and Kaldorian disaggregation can reduce domestic welfare in response to exogenous shocks.
Risk of congenital anomalies after exposure to asthma medication in the first trimester of pregnancy – a cohort linkage study
Authors: Garne E , Vinkel Hansen A , Morris J , Jordan S , Klungsøyr K , Engeland A , Tucker D , Thayer DS , Davies GI , Nybo Andersen A‐M , Dolk H 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveTo examine the effect of maternal exposure to asthma medications on the risk of congenital anomalies.DesignMeta‐analysis of aggregated data from three cohort studies.SettingLinkage between healthcare databases andEUROCATcongenital anomaly registries.Population519 242 pregnancies in Norway (2004–2010), Wales (2000–2010) and Funen, Denmark (2000–2010).MethodsExposure defined as having at least one prescription for asthma medications issued (Wales) or dispensed (Norway, Denmark) from 91 days before to 91 days after the pregnancy start date. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated separately for each register and combined in meta‐analyses.Main outcome measuresORs for all congenital anomalies and specific congenital anomalies.ResultsOverall exposure prevalence was 3.76%. Forexposure to asthma medication in general, the adjustedOR(adjOR) for a major congenital anomaly was 1.21 (99%CI1.09–1.34) after adjustment for maternal age and socioeconomic position. TheORof anal atresia was significantly increased in pregnancies exposed to inhaled corticosteroids (3.40; 99%CI1.15–10.04). For severe congenital heart defects, an increasedOR(1.97; 1.12–3.49) was associated with exposure to combination treatment with inhaled corticosteroids and long‐acting beta‐2‐agonists. Associations with renal dysplasia were driven by exposure to short‐acting beta‐2‐agonists (2.37; 1.20–4.67).ConclusionThe increased risk of congenital anomalies for women taking asthma medication is small with little confounding by maternal age or socioeconomic status. The study confirmed the association of inhaled corticosteroids with anal atresia found in earlier research and found potential new associations with combination treatment. The potential new associations should be interpreted with caution due to the large number of comparisons undertaken.Tweetable abstractThis cohort study found a small increased risk of congenital anomalies for women taking asthma medication.
Arrested Development
Authors: Pickett Justin T. , Roche Sean Patrick 
Published: May 2016

Research SummaryDeterrence theory assumes that objective and subjective sanction risk are positively related. If this assumption holds true, then the theory is useful for guiding criminal justice policy and practice. However, prior research has failed to support the assumption. Prominent review articles have dismissed this literature on the basis of methodological critiques, and they have presented certain requirements for future deterrence research to be considered credible. Informed by these reviews, Nagin, Solow, and Lum's (NSL, 2015) new deterrence theory of policing rests on the assumption of a strong positive relationship between objective and subjective sanction risk. NSL have asserted that their theory has significant policy implications; indeed, they have contended it reveals a need to alter American policing fundamentally. We elaborate why the critiques of the discredited literature are premature, and we suggest that the plausibility of NSL's theory is called into question by this literature, as well as by other logical inconsistencies. We conclude by emphasizing how much remains unknown about sanction perception updating, hot spots policing, and heuristics and biases in offender decision making.Policy ImplicationsOur central argument is that NSL's (2015) policy recommendations are premature given that their theoretical model is inconsistent with existing evidence. Pending a better understanding of sanction perceptions, we suggest putting aside dictates for how police should best deter offenders and about what constitutes credible deterrence research. Rather, both policy makers and researchers should prioritize efforts to identify the sources of sanction perceptions, while taking seriously the possibility that such perceptions may, in part, be intuitive judgments influenced by well‐known cognitive heuristics.
Exploring extended scope of practice in dietetics: A systems approach
Authors: Ryan Dominique , Pelly Fiona , Purcell Elizabeth 
Published: May 2016

AimThe aim of this study was to explore health professionals’ perceptions of an extended scope of a practice clinic, and develop a framework using a systems approach to facilitate extended scope models across various health settings.MethodsA qualitative investigation using semi‐structured interviews with four health professionals involved in an extended scope dietitian‐led gastroenterology clinic in a hospital in regional Queensland was conducted. A case study design was utilised to investigate interviewees’ perceptions of the clinic. Participants were conveniently, purposively sampled.Transcript analysis involved a descriptive analytical approach. Interviewee responses were coded and categorised into themes, and investigator triangulation was used to ensure consistency between individual analyses. A secondary interpretative analysis was conducted where relationships between key themes were mapped to the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety work system model.ResultsInterviewees identified various factors as vital inputs to the work system. These were categorised into the four key elements: stakeholder support, resources, planning and the dietitian. Clinic outcomes were categorised into the impact on four key groups: patients, the dietitian, the multidisciplinary team and the health system. Mapping of the relationships between inputs and outcomes resulted in an implementation framework for extended scope of practice.ConclusionsExtended scope of practice in dietetics may provide positive outcomes for various stakeholders. However, further development of extended scope roles for dietitians requires increased advocacy and support from governments, professional bodies, training institutions and dietitians. We have developed an implementation framework which can be utilised by health professionals interested in embracing an extended scope model of care.
Comparison of insulin intensification strategies with insulin lispro low mixture twice daily versus basal insulin glargine and prandial insulin lispro once daily in East Asian and Caucasian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Jeong In‐Kyung , Chung Choon Hee , Zhou Zhiguang , Han Jeong Hee , Duan Ran , Edralin Diana M. , Rodriguez Angel 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundThis analysis evaluated efficacy and safety of insulin lispro low mixture (LM25) twice daily (breakfast and dinner) versus basal insulin glargine (bedtime) plus prandial insulin lispro (IGL) once daily before the largest meal in East Asian (EA) and Caucasian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who failed to reach glycemic targets on basal insulin glargine with metformin and/or pioglitazone.MethodsIncluded patients had an HbA1c ≥7.5% and ≤10.5% and fasting plasma glucose ≤6.7 mmol/L. Primary outcome was HbA1c change at 24 weeks.ResultsBaseline mean HbA1c was numerically similar between groups in EA (n = 79) and Caucasian (n = 278) patients. Mean (± SD) HbA1c decreased significantly from baseline to 24 weeks for LM25 and IGL in both subpopulations (EA: –1.32 ± 0.96% and –0.89 ± 0.96%; Caucasian: –1.24 ± 0.98% and –1.04 ± 0.97; all P < 0.0001). The respective proportions reaching HbA1c ≤7.0% at Week 24 in the LM25 and IGL groups were 33.3% and 22.9% (EA) and 37.2% and 34.1% (Caucasian). Mean (± SD) rates of hypoglycemia per 30 days in the LM25 and IGL groups were 0.74 ± 1.16 and 1.22 ± 1.36 (EA) and 1.38 ± 2.04 and 1.65 ± 2.43 (Caucasian). Mean (± SD) weight gain changes in the LM25 and IGL groups were 0.62 ± 2.78 and 0.51 ± 2.63 kg (EA) and 1.77 ± 2.91 and 0.67 ± 3.09 kg (Caucasian).ConclusionsBoth strategies improved glycemic control in a small group of EA and Caucasian patients not adequately controlled on insulin glargine plus metformin and/or pioglitazone.
Plasma‐soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) levels in Behçet's disease and correlation with disease activity
Authors: Saylam Kurtipek Gulcan , Kesli Recep , Tuncez Akyurek Fatma , Akyurek Fikret , Ataseven Arzu , Terzi Yuksel 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundSoluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), a new biomarker, is a soluble form of membrane‐bound receptors secreted from different immune cells. The aim of the present study is to determine plasma suPAR levels in Behçet's disease and their correlation with disease activity.MethodsThirty Behçet's disease patients determined according to the International Study Group criteria for Behçet's disease diagnosis and 41 healthy subjects were included in the present study. Micro‐enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was employed to obtain quantitative data. Data of both groups were statistically analyzed.ResultsThe comparison of C‐reactive protein and suPAR plasma levels of the control and Behçet's disease group revealed statistically significant differences (respectively, P = 0.003 < 0.05 and P = 0.020 < 0.05). However, plasma suPAR levels related with disease activity revealed no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05).ConclusionThe present study is the first study analyzing suPAR levels in Behçet's disease patients and their correlation with disease activity. However, further prospective studies with larger patient series using suPAR as a new plasma biomarker are required to diagnose and monitor Behcet's disease and to support the findings of the present study.
The changing technological environment and the future of behavioural research in accounting
Authors: Arnold Vicky 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn an era where the pace of change continues to escalate, behavioural research provides an ongoing avenue for explaining the likely effects of emergent changes on decision‐making by providers, users and assurers of accounting information, and for providing ex ante enlightenment for policy‐makers. The purpose of this discussion is to identify contemporary changes affecting the accounting environment, discuss the potential impact to individual and organisational decision‐making, and explore how behavioural research can be utilised to examine these changes. Specifically, this discussion focuses on the impact that technological changes have had on financial reporting, external auditing and managerial accounting, with an eye towards the potential for these changes to radically alter the future of accounting and auditing research.
Na+ dependence of K+‐induced natriuresis, kaliuresis and Na+/Cl− cotransporter dephosphorylation
Authors: Jensen I. S. , Larsen C. K. , Leipziger J. , Sørensen M. V. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAimHigh dietary K+ intake is associated with protection against hypertension. In mammals, acute K+ intake induces natriuresis and kaliuresis, associated with a marked dephosphorylation of the renal Na+/Cl− cotransporter (NCC). It has been suggested that reduced activity of NCC increases the driving force for more distal tubular epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC)‐dependent K+ secretion. This study investigated the ENaC dependence of urinary K+ and Na+ excretion following acute K+ loading.MethodsMice were fed low (0.03%), control (0.2%) or high (2%) Na+ diets for 25 days to preserve or promote Na+ loss and thus ENaC activity. Once a week, the mice received either K+‐containing gavage or a control gavage. Following the gavage treatment, the mice were placed in metabolic cages and urine was collected in real time. ENaC dependence of kaliuresis was assessed by benzamil injections prior to gavage.ResultsWe confirmed that dietary Na+ content is inversely related to plasma aldosterone, NCC phosphorylation and ENaC cleavage products. The novel findings were as follows: (i) acute K+ feeding caused NCC dephosphorylation in all dietary groups; (ii) under all dietary conditions, K+ loading induced natriuresis; (iii) high Na+ diet markedly reduced the K+ excretion following K+ gavage; (iv) benzamil injection prior to K+ loading increased natriuresis, decreased kaliuresis and eliminated the differences between the dietary groups.ConclusionThese data indicate that acute K+‐induced kaliuresis is ENaC dependent. Maximal K+ excretion rates are attenuated when ENaC is physiologically down‐regulated or pharmacologically blocked. NCC is dephosphorylated following acute K+ loading under all dietary Na+ regimens. This leads to natriuresis, even in severely Na+‐restricted animals.
Reduction in central venous pressure enhances erythropoietin synthesis: role of volume‐regulating hormones
Authors: Montero D. , Rauber S. , Goetze J. P. , Lundby C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAimsErythropoiesis is a tightly controlled biological event, but its regulation under non‐hypoxic conditions, however, remains unresolved. We examined whether acute changes in central venous blood pressure (CVP) elicited by whole‐body tilting affect erythropoietin (EPO) concentration according to volume‐regulating hormones.MethodsPlasma EPO, angiotensin II (ANGII), aldosterone, pro‐atrial natriuretic peptide (proANP) and copeptin concentrations were measured at supine rest and up to 3 h during 30° head‐up (HUT) and head‐down tilt (HDT) in ten healthy male volunteers. Plasma albumin concentration was used to correct for changes in plasma volume and CVP was estimated through the internal jugular vein (IJV) aspect ratio with ultrasonography.ResultsFrom supine rest, the IJV aspect ratio was decreased and increased throughout HUT and HDT respectively. Plasma EPO concentration increased during HUT (13%; P = 0.001, P for linear component = 0.017), independent of changes in albumin concentration. Moreover, ANGII and copeptin concentrations increased during HUT, while proANP decreased. The increase in EPO concentration during HUT disappeared when adjusted for changes in copeptin. During HDT, EPO, ANGII and copeptin concentrations remained unaffected while proANP increased. In regression analyses, EPO was positively associated with copeptin (β = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.18, 0.93; P = 0.004) irrespective of changes in other hormones and albumin concentration.ConclusionReduction in CVP prompts an increase in plasma EPO concentration independent of hemoconcentration and hence suggests CVP per se as an acute regulator of EPO synthesis. This effect may be explained by changes in volume‐regulating hormones.