bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain abnormalities in cognition, anxiety, and depression regulatory regions in adolescents with single ventricle heart disease
Authors: Pike Nancy A. , Roy Bhaswati , Gupta Ritika , Singh Sadhana , Woo Mary A. , Halnon Nancy J. , Lewis Alan B. , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundSingle ventricle heart disease (SVHD) adolescents show cognitive impairments and anxiety and depressive symptoms, indicating the possibility of brain injury in regions that control these functions. However, brain tissue integrity in cognition, anxiety, and depression regulatory sites in SVHD remains unclear. We examined brain tissue changes in SVHD compared to controls using T2‐relaxometry procedures, which measure free water content and show tissue injury.MethodsProton‐density and T2‐weighted images, using a 3.0‐Tesla MRI, as well as anxiety (Beck anxiety inventory [BAI]), depressive symptoms (patient health questionnaire‐9 [PHQ‐9]), and cognition (wide range assessment of memory and learning 2 [WRAML2] and Montreal cognitive assessment [MoCA]) data were collected from 20 SVHD (age: 15.8 ± 1.1 years, male/female: 11/9) and 36 controls (age: 16.0 ± 1.1 years, male/female: 19/17). Whole‐brain T2‐relaxation maps were calculated, normalized to a common space, smoothed, and compared between groups and sexes (analysis of covariance; covariates: age, sex; p < 0.001).ResultsSVHD subjects showed significantly increased BAI and PHQ‐9 and reduced MoCA and WRAML2 scores over controls. Several brain regions in SVHD showed increased T2‐relaxation values (chronic injury), including the cingulate, and insula, hippocampus/para‐hippocampal gyrus, thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, frontal white matter, corpus callosum, brainstem, and cerebellar areas. Decreased T2‐relaxation values (acute injury) emerged in a few regions, including the prefrontal and cerebellar cortices in SVHD over controls. In addition, male SVHD showed more brain changes over female SVHD.ConclusionsAdolescents with SVHD showed significant brain injury with variable male–female differences in areas that control cognition, anxiety, and depression, which may contribute to functional deficits found in the condition.
The onset of fretting at the head‐stem connection in hip arthroplasty is affected by head material and trunnion design under simulated corrosion conditions
Authors: Rowan Fiachra E. , Wach Amanda , Wright Timothy M. , Padgett Douglas E. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTMechanically assisted crevice corrosion (MACC) is a mechanism for trunnion damage in total hip arthroplasties (THAs). Retrieval studies have shown reduced MACC‐related damage for ceramic heads compared with cobalt–chromium (CoCr) heads. We propose that ceramic heads demonstrate fretting at higher cyclic compressive loads than CoCr heads on titanium alloy trunnions in a simulated corrosion model. A closed electrochemical chamber was used to measure fretting current onset loads for two modern titanium alloy trunnions (Zimmer 12/14 and Stryker V‐40) in which trunnion failure has been reported. Ceramic and CoCr alloy 36 + 0 mm heads were impacted on each trunnion and cyclically loaded at 3 Hz with increasing magnitude from 100 to 3,400 N for 540 cycles. Onset load was the cyclic compressive load at which the slope of the average fretting current increased significantly. A CoCr head with V40 trunnion demonstrated the lowest onset load (1,400 N), while the V40 trunnion with a ceramic head showed the highest onset load (2,200 N). Significant differences occurred in average fretting current between head materials for V40 trunnions (p < 0.001) at loads over 2,000 N. CoCr‐12/14 and ceramic‐12/14 couples demonstrated similar onset loads (2,000 N). All head–trunnion combinations showed cyclical fretting response to loading at 100 N. Head material composition was observed to increase fretting at the taper junction but the effect was taper geometry dependent. Using ceramic heads may reduce the phenomena of trunnion fretting and corrosion but the effect of both trunnion geometry and metallurgy warrants further investigation. Statement of clinical significance: Trunnion corrosion may occur with titanium alloy stems regardless of the head material used. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1630–1636, 2018.
Metabolomic serum profiling after ACL injury in rats: A pilot study implicating inflammation and immune dysregulation in post‐traumatic osteoarthritis
Authors: Maerz Tristan , Sherman Eric , Newton Michael , Yilmaz Ali , Kumar Praveen , Graham Stewart F. , Baker Kevin C. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTACL rupture is a major risk factor for post‐traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) development. Little information exists on acute systemic metabolic indicators of disease development. Thirty‐six female Lewis rats were randomized to Control or noninvasive anterior cruciate ligament rupture (ACLR) and to three post‐injury time points: 72 h, 4 weeks, 10 weeks (n = 6). Serum was collected and analyzed by1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and combined direct injection and liquid chromatography (LC)‐mass spectrometry (MS)/MS (DI‐MS). Univariate and multivariate statistics were used to analyze metabolomic data, and predictive biomarker models were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Topological pathway analysis was used to identify perturbed pathways. Two hundred twenty‐two metabolites were identified by1H NMR and DI‐MS. Differences in the serum metabolome between ACLR and Control were dominated by medium‐ and long‐chain acylcarnitine species. Further, decreases in several tryptophan metabolites were either found to be significantly different in univariate analysis or to play important contributory roles to multivariate model separation. In addition to acylcarnitines and tryptophan metabolites, glycine, carnosine, and D‐mannose were found to differentiate ACLR from Control. Glycine, 9‐hexadecenoylcarnitine, trans‐2‐Dodecenoylcarnitine, linoelaidyl carnitine, hydroxypropionylcarnitine, and D‐Mannose were identified as biomarkers with high area under ROC curve values and high predictive accuracies. Our analysis provides new information regarding the potential contribution of inflammatory processes and immune dysregulation to the onset and progression of PTOA following ACL injury. As these processes have most commonly been associated with inflammatory arthropathies, larger‐scale studies elucidating their involvement in PTOA development and progression are necessary. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1969–1979, 2018.
Feasibility of Assessing Prognostic Nutrition Index in Patients With Rectal Cancer Who Receive Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Okugawa Yoshinaga , Toiyama Yuji , Oki Satoshi , Ide Shozo , Yamamoto Akira , Ichikawa Takashi , Kitajima Takahito , Fujikawa Hiroyuki , Yasuda Hiromi , Saigusa Susumu , Hiro Junichiro , Yoshiyama Shigeyuki , Kobayashi Minako , Araki Toshimitsu , Kusunoki Masato 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundMalnutrition can adversely affect treatment responses and oncological outcomes in cancer patients. However, among patients with rectal cancer who undergo chemoradiotherapy (CRT), the significance of peri‐treatment nutrition assessment as a predictor of treatment response and outcome remains unclear.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether the Prognostic Nutrition Index (PNI) based on peri‐treatment serum can be used as a predictor of treatment response and outcome in patients with rectal cancer who undergo CRT.Design, Setting, and PatientsWe analyzed 114 patients with rectal cancer who received preoperative CRT followed by total mesorectal excision at our institution.ResultsPost‐CRT PNI was significantly lower than pre‐CRT PNI in rectal cancer patients. Although post‐CRT PNI did not significantly correlate with either overall survival or disease‐free survival, low pre‐CRT PNI was significantly associated with shorter overall survival and disease‐free survival in this population and was also an independent risk factor for ineffectiveness of long‐course preoperative CRT. Finally, low pre‐CRT PNIs were a stronger indicator of poor prognosis and early recurrence in patients with pathological lymph node metastasis (who generally need to receive postoperative chemotherapy), than in those with no pathological lymph node metastasis.ConclusionPretreatment PNI could be useful in evaluating and managing patients with rectal cancer who undergo CRT followed by curative resection.
Influence of the drying method on the bioactive compounds and pharmacological activities of rhubarb
Authors: Sun Jiachen , Wu Yueting , Dong Shengjie , Li Xia , Gao Wenyuan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDRaw rhubarb samples that have been subjected to different drying procedures will have different therapeutic effects, possibly due to processing‐induced variations in the chemical composition. In the present work, the fresh materials were processed by smoking, sun‐drying, shade‐drying and oven‐drying at low, moderate and high temperatures. To facilitate the selection of a suitable drying method for rhubarb, the quality of rhubarb processed under various drying conditions was evaluated based on the simultaneous determination of multiple bioactive constituents in combination with bioactivity assays.RESULTSThe total concentrations of 12 compounds in smoked rhubarb were higher than the concentrations of the same components in raw rhubarb and rhubarb products processed using other drying techniques. Smoked rhubarb was found to substantially inhibit Na+/K+‐ATPase and thrombin. In addition, higher content of anthraquinones led to higher Na+/K+‐ATPase inhibitory activities, and higher gallic acid content increased the antithrombin capacity.CONCLUSIONThe results confirmed that post‐harvest fresh plant materials, especially roots, were still physiologically active organs that could undergo series of anti‐dehydration mechanisms, including the production of related secondary metabolites during the early stages of dehydration. Therefore, the proper design of drying processes could enhance the quality of rhubarb as well as other similar medicinal plants. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
The effect of cooking temperature on the aggregation and digestion rate of myofibrillar proteins in Jinhua ham
Authors: Zhou Chang‐Yu , Pan Dao‐Dong , Sun Yang‐Ying , Li Chun‐Bao , Xu Xing‐Lian , Cao Jin‐Xuan , Zhou Guang‐Hong 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn order to evaluate the effect of cooking temperature on the nutrition quality of dry‐cured hams, 60 biceps femoris samples from 16 Jinhua hams were divided into four groups (control, 70, 100 and 120 °C) and cooked for 30 min. Carbonyl content, sulfhydryl groups, surface hydrophobicity, microstructure, protein aggregation and digestibility of myofibrillar proteins were investigated.RESULTSCooking promoted carbonylation and decreased sulfhydryl groups in a temperature‐dependent way. Scanning electron microscopy and Nile Red revealed that protein aggregation became a main phenomenon at 120 °C; it coincided with surface hydrophobicity. The increased carbonyl content and decreased sulfhydryl groups contributed to the formation of aggregates. Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profiles showed the initial difference in proteolysis rate among four groups. The in vitro digestibility of pepsin and of trypsin and α‐chymotrypsin increased from the control to 100 °C and decreased from 100 to 120 °C.CONCLUSIONThe increased digestibility could be attributed to the oxidation of proteins and exposing recognition sites of digestive enzymes, while the decreased digestibility was due to the formation of aggregates. Cooking was a main factor that affected the digestibility of Jinhua ham, and cooking at 100 °C could be an ideal way to gain the highest digestibility of Jinhua ham. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Preferential adsorption of flavonoids from peanut shell by amino‐modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MNP‐NH2)
Authors: Cao Xuexiao , Wang Meng , Sun Lili , Ren Xiaoliang , Pei Gaosheng 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe highly selective capture of individual components of complex systems such as Chinese medicine extracts is a great challenge. With the rapid development of nanoscience, magnetic materials have attracted increased attention as suitable candidates for use in drug transport vehicles.RESULTSIn this work, amino‐modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MNP‐NH2) have been synthesized and successfully used to selectively isolate luteolin, a type of flavonoid, from peanut shell, coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography. MNP‐NH2 were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer analysis, which showed that the amino functional groups were successfully bound to the surface of the magnetic particles. Adsorption of six different flavonoids by MNP‐NH2 showed that the mechanism of adsorption was related to the number of ortho‐phenolic hydroxyl groups. The optimized adsorption conditions were extraction for 40 min at 30 °C by single‐factor experiments and the final elution conditions were determined to be 5 mL of 20% glacial acetic acid (methanol:water = 60:40) and ultrasonication for 40 min by L9 (34) orthogonal test.CONCLUSIONBased on these findings, we first created a method for separating luteolin from peanut shell extract by MNP‐NH2. This newly developed magnetic method of extracting chemical compounds from herbal foodstuffs and medicines provides new ideas for the utilization of a cash crop. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Unraveling the metabolic response of Brassica oleracea exposed to Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris
Authors: Tortosa María , Cartea María E , Rodríguez Víctor M , Velasco Pablo 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDBrassica crops together with cereals represent the basis of world supplies. Due to their importance, the production losses caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) infection represent a high economic impact. Understanding molecular and biochemical mechanisms of plants is essential to develop resistant crops with durable protection against diseases. In this regard, metabolomics has emerged as a valuable technology to provide an overview of the biological status of a plant exposed to a disease. This study investigated the dynamic changes in the metabolic profile of Brassica oleracea plants during an Xcc infection from leaves collected at five different days post infection using a mass spectrometry approach.RESULTSResults showed that Xcc infection causes dynamic changes in the metabolome of B. oleracea. Moreover, induction/repression pattern of the metabolites implicated in the response follows a complex dynamics during infection progression, indicating a complex temporal response. Specific metabolic pathways such as alkaloids, coumarins or sphingolipids are postulated as promising key role candidates in the infection response.CONCLUSIONThis work tries to decipher the changes produced on Brassica crops metabolome under Xcc infection and represents a step forward in the understanding of B. oleracea–Xcc interaction. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
The health‐nutrition dimension: a methodological approach to assess the nutritional sustainability of typical agro‐food products and the Mediterranean diet
Authors: Azzini Elena , Maiani Giuseppe , Turrini Aida , Intorre Federica , Lo Feudo Gabriella , Capone Roberto , Bottalico Francesco , El Bilali Hamid , Polito Angela 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe aim of this paper is to provide a methodological approach to evaluate the nutritional sustainability of typical agro‐food products, representing Mediterranean eating habits and included in the Mediterranean food pyramid.RESULTSFor each group of foods, suitable and easily measurable indicators were identified. Two macro‐indicators were used to assess the nutritional sustainability of each product. The first macro‐indicator, called ‘business distinctiveness’, takes into account the application of different regulations and standards regarding quality, safety and traceability as well as the origin of raw materials. The second macro‐indicator, called ‘nutritional quality’, assesses product nutritional quality taking into account the contents of key compounds including micronutrients and bioactive phytochemicals. For each indicator a 0–10 scoring system was set up, with scores from 0 (unsustainable) to 10 (very sustainable), with 5 as a sustainability benchmark value. The benchmark value is the value from which a product can be considered sustainable. A simple formula was developed to produce a sustainability index.CONCLUSIONThe proposed sustainability index could be considered a useful tool to describe both the qualitative and quantitative value of micronutrients and bioactive phytochemical present in foodstuffs. This methodological approach can also be applied beyond the Mediterranean, to food products in other world regions. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Vacuum impregnation of firming agents in red raspberries
Authors: Quintanilla Armando , Mencía Alejandra , Powers Joseph , Rasco Barbara , Tang Juming , Sablani Shyam S 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDRed raspberries are a delicate and highly perishable fruit with a fragile pulp tissue. In this study we used vacuum impregnation (VI) methods to incorporate pectin and calcium chloride into whole red raspberries to improve their firmness. Specifically, we impregnated low methoxyl pectin (LMP) at 10 g of pectin kg−1 of solution and calcium chloride (CaCl2·2H2O) at 30 g calcium kg−1 of pectin, and on the other side pectin methylesterase (PME) at 10 g of enzyme kg−1 of solution, and (CaCl2·2H2O) at 10 g of calcium kg−1 of solution, into whole red raspberries. We tested three vacuum levels 33.9, 50.8, and 67.8 kPa, three vacuum impregnation times 2, 7, and 15 min, and two temperatures, 20 and 40 °C, during VI treatment. Maximum force (FM) and gradient (GC3) were evaluated to assess raspberry firmness.RESULTSA vacuum level of 50.8 kPa, processing time of 7 min, and a LMP and calcium infusion at 20 °C resulted in the firmest fruit compared to the other treatments. At these VI treatment conditions, FM and GC3 values of red raspberries obtained were 28 N, and 8.4 N mm−1, respectively.CONCLUSIONThe optimal VI conditions identified in this study can be used to improve firmness and structural integrity of red raspberries by infusion of LMP and calcium. Findings on vacuum‐impregnated red raspberries may be used to develop dehydrofrozen berries for incorporation into bakery and dairy products. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Evaluation of extended antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing indicated non‐cosmetic panniculectomy at the time of gynecologic surgery
Authors: Patibandla Jay R. , Kufel Christina N. , Hopkins Michael P. 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundPanniculectomy at time of gynecologic surgery is used to improve visualization and prevent major complications in morbidly obese patients. We examine the role of extended antibiotic prophylaxis in prevention of surgical site infections (SSI), specifically based on patient risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, smoking).MethodsA prospective cohort study of all women who underwent panniculectomy at the time of gynecologic surgery from September 2014 to March 2016 at a university‐affiliated hospital. The EAP cohort received standard antibiotics (cefazolin, 2 g) and continued oral antibiotic (doxycycline) for 10 days afterwards. Patients in this cohort were compared to historical controls from the same institution from 1990 to 2014. Specific attention was paid to the reduction of SSIs in patients with hypertension, diabetes, and a history of smoking.ResultsThe mean age was 56.0 ± 12.6 years, and mean body mass index 44.5 ± 9.3 kg/m2 (range 31‐63.4 kg/m2). The EAP cohort experienced fewer surgical‐site infections overall, however these results were not significantly decreased from the historical controls, (13/56 [23.2%] vs 94/300 [31.3%]; P = 0.469).ConclusionThough initially promising, extended antibiotic prophylaxis did not reduce surgical site infections in the obese women after indicated non‐cosmetic panniculectomy at the time of gynecologic surgery.
Determination of synephrine in feeds by a novel quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe solid‐phase extraction method combined with UHPLC–MS/MS
Authors: Song Yue , Chai Tingting , Lou Shengting , Zhao Yuechen , Zhang Xining , Yang Shuming , Qian Yongzhong , Qiu Jing 
Published: January 2018

AbstractTo detect and quantify synephrine in feed, an effective analytical method based on quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe solid‐phase extraction coupled to ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was developed with isotopic internal standards. Pretreatment was performed using quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe solid‐phase extraction with primary secondary amine and C18 sorbent as sorbents in combination with Oasis MCX column clean‐up to extract and purify feed samples. Tandem mass spectrometry detection in positive ion mode was conducted in positive multiple reaction monitoring mode in addition to the quantitative internal standard method. Two transitions of synephrine at m/z 168.1/150.0 and 168.1/135.0 were selected, and m/z 168.1/135.0 was determined as the quantification ion pair. D9‐Terbutaline was selected as an internal standard, for which m/z 235.1/153.0 was selected as the quantification ion pair. Good linearity was shown for synephrine in the range of 0.5–50 μg/L, and the correlation coefficient exceeded 0.999. The recoveries in three different feed samples at three spiked levels were 81.42–112.08%, and the relative standard deviations were not greater than 14.66%. The method proposed in this study was reliable and highly effective, and its sensitivity, accuracy, and precision are suitable for determining synephrine residues in feed samples.
An assessment of value dimensions in hiking tourism: Pathways toward quality of life
Authors: Lee Seonjeong Ally , Manthiou Aikaterini , Chiang Lanlung , Tang Liang Rebecca 
Published: January 2018

AbstractEnhancing quality of life is one of the primary motives for people to participate in tourism activities. Particularly, hiking tourism has become increasingly popular in recent years due to its benefits on tourists' physical and mental health. Focusing on the context of hiking tourism, this study examined the role of tourists' perceived value on their quality of life through the engagement and connections with nature. Data were collected from hikers in the Astraka Refuge between two mountains, Astraka and Lapatos, in Greece. The results indicated that tourists' perceived value influences their engagement in hiking tourism and connections with nature, which further lead to their quality of life. This study enriches the literature of quality of life by the investigation of the term in the hiking tourism context. The results also provide suggestions for destination marketers to promote hiking tourism.