bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐immediate heparin and heparinoid cutaneous allergic reactions: a role for fondaparinux
Authors: Tan Elina , Thompson Grace , Ekstrom Charlotta , Lucas Michaela 
Published: January 2018

AbstractNon‐immediate allergic cutaneous reactions to heparins have been increasingly reported, typically manifesting as large, eczematous plaques at sites of subcutaneous injection. Patients may demonstrate cross‐reactivity between unfractionated heparin, low molecular weight heparin and semi‐synthetic heparinoids, making finding an alternative difficult. Fondaparinux has been identified as a useful alternative in such patients; here we present the first two documented cases in Australia and a literature review.
Southcare Geriatric Flying Squad: an innovative Australian model providing acute care in residential aged care facilities
Authors: Jain Shikha , Gonski Peter N. , Jarick Jeannette , Frese Sandra , Gerrard Sheena 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study reviews the outcomes of a model developed to improve the quality of care of residents living within residential aged care facilities (RACF). The Southcare Geriatric Flying Squad saw a total of 640 acutely unwell RACF residents over an 18‐month period. Of these, 578 (90.3%) were managed in the RACF avoiding emergency department. Only 35 (5.5%) patients required emergency department transfer and 27 (4.2%) were directly admitted to a medical ward. The service may have reduced emergency presentations by offering rapid assessment and management, choice in place of treatment and level of interventions.
Combined experimental and ab initio based determination of the thermal expansion of La0.5Sr0.5Co0.25Fe0.75O3
Authors: Yin Xiaoyan , Beez Alexander , Menzler Norbert H. , Spatschek Robert 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe thermal expansion of La0.5Sr0.5Co0.25Fe0.75O3 (LSCF55) is investigated both by first principles phonon calculations combined with the quasi‐harmonic approximation (QHA) and by experimental approaches. Within the framework of the QHA, the volumetric thermal expansion coefficient of rhombohedral LSCF55 is calculated as αV,GGA = 50.34 × 10−6 K−1. For comparison, the lattice expansion and the volume expansion of LSCF55 grain are measured by in situ high‐temperature X‐ray diffractometer (HT‐XRD). An anisotropic thermal expansion of rhombohedral LSCF55 with αa,hex = 10.89 × 10−6 K−1 and αc,hex = 21.18 × 10−6 K−1 is obtained. The volumetric thermal expansion coefficient is measured as αV,HT‐XRD = 43.17 × 10−6 K−1. In addition, the effectively isotropic expansion coefficients of a polycrystalline LSCF55 bar specimen are measured using a vertical high‐performance thermo‐mechanical analyzer and yield αl,bar specimen = 17.37 × 10−6 K−1 and αV,bar specimen = 52.11 × 10−6 K−1.
Hyper‐acetylation contributes to the sensitivity of chemo‐resistant prostate cancer cells to histone deacetylase inhibitor Trichostatin A
Authors: Xu Qingqing , Liu Xiaofei , Zhu Shiqin , Hu Xuelei , Niu Huanmin , Zhang Xiulei , Zhu Deyu , Nesa Effat Un , Tian Keli , Yuan Huiqing 
Published: January 2018

AbstractTherapeutic agents are urgently needed for treating metastatic castration‐refractory prostate cancer (mCRPC) that is unresponsive to androgen deprivation and chemotherapy. Our screening assays demonstrated that chemotherapy‐resistant prostate cancer (PCa) cells are more sensitive to HDAC inhibitors than paired sensitive PCa cells, as demonstrated by cell proliferation and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Kinetic study revealed that TSA‐induced apoptosis was significantly dependent on enhanced transcription and protein synthesis in an early stage, which subsequently caused ER stress and apoptosis. ChIP analysis indicated that TSA increased H4K16 acetylation, promoting ER stress gene transcription. The changes in Ac‐H4K16, ATF3 and ATF4 were also validated in TSA‐treated animals. Further study revealed the higher enzyme activity of HDACs and an increase in acetylated proteins in resistant cells. The higher nucleocytoplasmic acetyl‐CoA in resistant cells was responsible for elevated acetylation status of protein and a more vigorous growth state. These results strongly support the pre‐clinical application of HDAC inhibitors for treating chemotherapy‐resistant mCRPC.
Association between hedonic hunger and glycemic control in non‐obese and obese patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Cheung Lorena Tsui Fun , Ko Gary Tin Choi , Chow Francis Chun Chung , Kong Alice Pik Shan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAims/IntroductionHigher hedonic hunger has been observed in obese individuals compared with those without obesity, but little is known about its association with glycemic management. We aimed to examine the association between hedonic hunger and glycemic control in non‐obese and obese patients with type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsBetween April and November 2016, a total of 211 type 2 diabetes patients who underwent comprehensive diabetes assessments at a university‐affiliated hospital were recruited into two groups according to body mass index: non‐obese (body mass index 18.5–24.9 kg/m2) and obese (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2) groups. All participants completed the Chinese version of the Power of Food Scale (PFS) for assessment of hedonic hunger. Good glycemic control was defined as glycated hemoglobin <7.0%.ResultsCompared with the non‐obese group, the obese group showed higher PFS aggregated and subscale ‘food available’ scores (both P < 0.05). After adjustment for age, sex, disease duration of diabetes and insulin use, there were positive associations of glycated hemoglobin with PFS aggregated, subscale ‘food available’ and ‘food present’ scores in the obese group (all P for trend <0.05). The PFS aggregated score was negatively associated with good glycemic control in obese type 2 diabetes patients after adjustment using logistic regression analysis (adjusted odds ratio 0.42, 95% confidence interval 0.20–0.91, P = 0.027). By contrast, such associations were not observed in non‐obese type 2 diabetes patients.ConclusionsHedonic hunger had an independent and inverse association with good glycemic control in obese Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes, but not in their counterparts without obesity.
Effect of Dietary Essential Oils Supplementation on Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization, and Protein Digestibility of Juvenile Gilthead Seabream Fed a Low‐Fishmeal Diet
Authors: Rodrigues Vera , Colen Rita , Ribeiro Laura , Santos Gonçalo , Gonçalves Rui A. , Dias Jorge 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe present study aimed to assess the efficacy of supplemental plant essential oils (PEOs) on the growth performance and digestive processes of juvenile gilthead seabream. Three experimental diets were tested: (1) a control (CTRL) diet formulated with low marine‐derived protein level (19%); (2) CTRL diet supplemented with a blend of anise, citrus, and oregano essential oils at 1.2 g/kg (diet Phyto C); and (3) CTRL diet supplemented with a similar blend at 0.2 g/kg, but in encapsulated form (diet Phyto E). Triplicate groups of 20 fish (mean initial body weight = 27.9 ± 2.1 g) were fed the experimental diets over 63 d. Results showed that specific growth rate, voluntary feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio were not significantly affected by the two dietary supplements. The commercial blend of PEOs tested here can be successfully incorporated into a low‐fishmeal diet to maximize protein and fat retention and to minimize nitrogenous losses in seabream juveniles. Phyto E presented a decrease in nitrogenous metabolic and fecal losses. The practical implications of including this plant‐based blend in aquafeeds can potentially include faster fish growth and improved production time, but these remain to be tested in a longer experimental trial.
Streptococcus oralis maintains homeostasis in oral biofilms by antagonizing the cariogenic pathogen Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Thurnheer T. , Belibasakis G.N. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryBacteria residing in oral biofilms live in a state of dynamic equilibrium with one another. The intricate synergistic or antagonistic interactions between them are crucial for determining this balance. Using the six‐species Zürich “supragingival” biofilm model, this study aimed to investigate interactions regarding growth and localization of the constituent species. As control, an inoculum containing all six strains was used, whereas in each of the further five inocula one of the bacterial species was alternately absent, and in the last, both streptococci were absent. Biofilms were grown anaerobically on hydroxyapatite disks, and after 64 h they were harvested and quantified by culture analyses. For visualization, fluorescence in situ hybridization and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used. Compared with the control, no statistically significant difference of total colony‐forming units was observed in the absence of any of the biofilm species, except for Fusobacterium nucleatum, whose absence caused a significant decrease in total bacterial numbers. Absence of Streptococcus oralis resulted in a significant decrease in Actinomyces oris, and increase in Streptococcus mutans (P < .001). Absence of A. oris, Veillonella dispar or S. mutans did not cause any changes. The structure of the biofilm with regards to the localization of the species did not result in observable changes. In summary, the most striking observation of the present study was that absence of S. oralis resulted in limited growth of commensal A. oris and overgrowth of S. mutans. These data establish highlight S. oralis as commensal keeper of homeostasis in the biofilm by antagonizing S. mutans, so preventing a caries‐favoring dysbiotic state.
ZmSTK1 and ZmSTK2, encoding receptor‐like cytoplasmic kinase, are involved in maize pollen development with additive effect
Authors: Fan Mingxia , Zhang Chunyu , Shi Lei , Liu Chen , Ma Wenjuan , Chen Meiming , Liu Kuichen , Cai Fengchun , Wang Guohong , Wei Zhengyi , Jiang Min , Liu Zaochang , Javeed Ansar , Lin Feng 
Published: January 2018

SummaryPollen germination and pollen tube growth are important physiological processes of sexual reproduction of plants and also are involved in signal transduction. Our previous study reveals that ZmSTK1 and ZmSTK2 are two receptor‐like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCK) homologs in Zea mays as members of receptor‐like protein kinase (RLK) subfamily, sharing 86% identity at the amino acid level. Here, we report that ZmSTK1 and ZmSTK2, expressed at late stages of pollen development, regulate maize pollen development with additive effect. ZmSTK1 or ZmSTK2 mutation exhibited severe pollen transmission deficiency, which thus influenced pollen fertility. Moreover, the kinase domains of ZmSTKs were cross‐interacted with C‐terminus of enolases detected by co‐immunoprecipitation (Co‐IP) and yeast two‐hybrid system (Y2H), respectively. Further, the detective ZmSTK1 or ZmSTK2 was associated with decreased activity of enolases and also reduced downstream metabolite contents, which enolases are involved in glycolytic pathway, such as phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), pyruvate, ADP/ATP, starch, glucose, sucrose and fructose. This study reveals that ZmSTK1 and ZmSTK2 regulate maize pollen development and indirectly participate in glycolytic pathway.
Biogenesis and regulatory hierarchy of phased small interfering RNAs in plants
Authors: Deng Pingchuan , Muhammad Sajid , Cao Min , Wu Liang 
Published: January 2018

SummarySeveral varieties of small RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are generated in plants to regulate development, genome stability and response to adverse environments. Phased siRNA (phasiRNA) is a type of secondary siRNA that is processed from a miRNA‐mediated cleavage of RNA transcripts, increasing silencing efficiency or simultaneously suppressing multiple target genes. Trans‐acting siRNAs (ta‐siRNAs) are a particular class of phasiRNA produced from noncoding transcripts that silence targets in trans. It was originally thought that ‘one‐hit’ and ‘two‐hit’ models were essential for processing distinct TAS precursors; however, a single hit event was recently shown to be sufficient at triggering all types of ta‐siRNAs. This review discusses the findings about biogenesis, targeting modes and regulatory networks of plant ta‐siRNAs. We also summarize recent advances in the generation of other phasiRNAs and their possible biological benefits to plants.
For Those Who Care: The Effect of Public Service Motivation on Sector Selection
Authors: Holt Stephen B. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPublic service motivation (PSM) theory suggests that the alignment of values may explain sorting into public service work. Evidence suggests that people with high PSM cluster in government and nonprofit organizations. However, reliance on cross‐sectional data leaves open the question of whether observed patterns are the result of public and nonprofit organizations attracting and selecting high‐PSM people or cultivating PSM through socialization within the sector. Using longitudinal data, this article analyzes the relationship between motivational bases, such as PSM, and sorting into the public, for‐profit, and nonprofit sectors. The results indicate that PSM‐related values, measured before labor market entry, predict the sector a person will select for employment. Moreover, the effect on sector selection does not operate through some commonly cited alternative predictor of sector employment, such as college completion. Rather, PSM predicts sorting into college majors in a manner consistent with sector sorting in the labor market.
Pneumonia as a cardiovascular disease
Authors: Restrepo Marcos I. , Reyes Luis F. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTCommunity‐acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an important cause of death around the globe. Up to 30% of patients admitted to hospital for CAP develop cardiovascular complications (i.e. new/worsening heart failure, new/worsening arrhythmias, myocardial infarctions and/or strokes), acutely and up to 10 years thereafter. Cardiac complications result from complex interactions between preexisting conditions, relative ischaemia, upregulation of the sympathetic system, systemic inflammation and direct pathogen‐mediated damage to the cardiovascular system. The exact mechanisms underlying the direct host–pathogen interactions are of great interest to identify potential therapeutic and preventative targets for CAP. In this review, we summarize the epidemiological data, risk factors and the pathogen‐driven cardiovascular damage affecting patients with CAP.
Following the cold: geographical differentiation between interglacial refugia and speciation in the arcto‐alpine species complex Bombus monticola (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: MARTINET BAPTISTE , LECOCQ THOMAS , BRASERO NICOLAS , BIELLA PAOLO , URBANOVÁ KLÁRA , VALTEROVÁ IRENA , CORNALBA MAURIZIO , GJERSHAUG JAN OVE , MICHEZ DENIS , RASMONT PIERRE 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCold‐adapted species are expected to have reached their largest distribution range during a part of the Ice Ages whereas postglacial warming has led to their range contracting toward high‐latitude and high‐altitude areas. This has resulted in an extant allopatric distribution of populations and possibly to trait differentiations (selected or not) or even speciation. Assessing inter‐refugium differentiation or speciation remains challenging for such organisms because of sampling difficulties (several allopatric populations) and disagreements on species concept. In the present study, we assessed postglacial inter‐refugia differentiation and potential speciation among populations of one of the most common arcto‐alpine bumblebee species in European mountains, Bombus monticola Smith, 1849. Based on mitochondrial DNA/nuclear DNA markers and eco‐chemical traits, we performed integrative taxonomic analysis to evaluate alternative species delimitation hypotheses and to assess geographical differentiation between interglacial refugia and speciation in arcto‐alpine species. Our results show that trait differentiations occurred between most Southern European mountains (i.e. Alps, Balkan, Pyrenees, and Apennines) and Arctic regions. We suggest that the monticola complex actually includes three species: B. konradini stat.n. status distributed in Italy (Central Apennine mountains), B. monticola with five subspecies, including B. monticola mathildis ssp.n. distributed in the North Apennine mountains ; and B. lapponicus. Our results support the hypothesis that post‐Ice Age periods can lead to speciation in cold‐adapted species through distribution range contraction. We underline the importance of an integrative taxonomic approach for rigorous species delimitation, and for evolutionary study and conservation of taxonomically challenging taxa.
Molecular phylogenetics and piercer evolution in the bug‐killing flies (Diptera: Tachinidae: Phasiinae)
Authors: BLASCHKE JEREMY D. , STIREMAN JOHN O. , O'HARA JAMES E. , CERRETTI PIERFILIPPO , MOULTON JOHN K. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPhasiinae (Diptera: Tachinidae) are endoparasitoid flies that attack Heteroptera, including a multitude of agricultural pests. A phylogenetically informed classification of Phasiinae has eluded systematists for over a century, primarily because of the conflicting character states and confusing morphology of certain taxa that indicate potential placement within other subfamilies. The unstable nature of phasiine taxonomy discourages important research into their classification, life history and potential use in biological control. In hopes of resolving several longstanding taxonomic debates and encouraging future research into this important group of parasitoids, the first molecular systematic analysis of Phasiinae is presented, including 128 worldwide taxa (80 genera) and approximately 7.6 kb of nuclear data representing four genes. Special emphasis is placed on the resolution of taxonomically ambiguous groups. The resulting robustly supported phylogenetic trees [maximum‐likelihood (ML)/Bayesian] were used to trace the evolution of significant adaptive traits within Tachinidae and test hypotheses about the classification of Phasiinae. Subfamily placements of certain taxa are confidently resolved including Eutherini, Epigrimyiini, Litophasia Girschner within Dexiinae, and Strongygastrini and Parerigonini within Phasiinae. The members of tribe Phasiini are redistributed: Cistogaster Latreille, Clytiomya Rondani, Ectophasia Townsend, Eliozeta Rondani and Euclytia Townsend transferred to Gymnosomatini; Opesia Robineau‐Desvoidy to Strongygastrini; and Xysta Meigen to Xystini. Similarly, members of Parerigonini are treated as belonging to Parerigonini (Parerigone Brauer, Zambesomima Walker), Cylindromyiini (Australotachina Curran, Pygidimyia Crosskey, Neobrachelia Townsend) or new tribe Zitini (Zita Curran, Leverella Baranov). Penthosia van der Wulp is transferred from Cylindromyiini to Hermyini. Ancestral state reconstruction suggests that piercing structures used to insert eggs directly into host tissues have evolved separately in a number of groups, but have also been lost or reduced in several lineages. A single potentially unequivocal morphological synapomorphy of Phasiinae, an elongated medial plate of the hypandrium in males, is identified.This published work has been registered in ZooBank,
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8BE75122‐FC7C‐4809‐AAF7‐19575596EF78.
A new approach to geobarometry by combining fluid inclusion and clumped isotope thermometry in hydrothermal carbonates
Authors: Honlet Robin , Gasparrini Marta , Muchez Philippe , Swennen Rudy , John Cédric M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study presents a new approach to geobarometry by combining fluid inclusion and clumped isotope (Δ47) thermometry on carbonate minerals. The offset between homogenisation temperatures of primary fluid inclusions with known composition and Δ47 temperatures of the host mineral allows a direct estimation of the fluid pressure at the time of carbonate crystallisation. This new approach is illustrated via hydrothermal dolomite samples from the Variscan foreland fold‐and‐thrust belt in northern Spain. Clumped isotope analyses yield crystallisation temperatures (107–168°C) which are higher than homogenisation temperatures in corresponding samples (95–145°C). The calculated pressure values suggest that dolomitizing fluids were overpressured during formation of zebra dolomite textures, whereas lower pressures are obtained for dolomite cement from breccia textures. This new approach to geobarometry opens up the possibility of estimating the pressure of carbonate crystallisation and has potential applications in diagenesis, basin analysis, ore geology and tectonics.
Retrospective analysis of forward and reverse ABO typing discrepancies among patients and blood donors in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Makroo R. N. , Kakkar B. , Agrawal S. , Chowdhry M. , Prakash B. , Karna P. 
Published: January 2018

SUMMARYObjectiveThe aim of our study was to determine the incidence and causes of ABO typing discrepancies among patients and blood donors at our centre.BackgroundAn accurate interpretation of the ABO blood group of an individual is of utmost importance to ensure patient safety and good transfusion practices.MethodsA retrospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Transfusion Medicine in our hospital from March 2013 to December 2015. Records of all patient and blood donor samples were retrieved and analysed for ABO typing discrepancies.ResultsIn total, 135 853 patient and 62 080 donor samples were analysed for ABO typing discrepancies. The incidence among patients and blood donors was found to be 0·1% (138/135853) and 0·02% (14/62080), respectively. The mean age for patients and blood donors was 48·4 and 29·2 years, respectively. The most common cause of ABO typing discrepancies was due to cold autoantibodies among the patients (50·7%) and blood donors (57%) causing discrepant results in reverse typing. The various other causes of reverse typing discrepancies among patients were weak/missing antibody (25·4%), cold‐reacting alloantibody (4·3%), warm autoantibody (2·2%), anti‐A1 antibody (2·2%), Bombay phenotype (1·5%), transplantation (0·7%) and rouleaux (0·7%), whereas in blood donors, the causes were cold‐reacting antibody (7%) and weak antibody (7%). The major cause of forward typing discrepancies among patients (12·3%) and blood donors (29%) was ABO subgroups.ConclusionThe resolution of ABO typing discrepancy is essential to minimise the chance of transfusion of ABO‐incompatible blood.