bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metapragmatic appositions in German talk-in-interaction
Authors: Lanwer Jens Philipp 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn German talk-in-interaction it can be observed that so-called loose appositions are frequently used as a grammatical resource for performing selfinitiated self-repairs in the domain of reference. In the current paper, it is argued that this kind of appositional pattern can be described as a grammatical construction which indicates that the incorporated grammatical elements give alternative ‘reference instructions’ for building up compatible conceptualizations of one and the same entity with respect to different epistemic domains. Thereby it offers the possibility to incrementally adjust the design of reference instructions to divergent knowledge states of the interlocutors. The use of appositional constructions is thus frequently linked to aspects of epistemic stance regarding a lack of common ground. Hence, it is argued that aspects of the local management of epistemic asymmetries can be considered part of the pragmatic specifications of the construction. These specifications are sometimes made explicit through the use of lexical markers like also ‘that is’ so that the extended pattern which contains such markers might be called a metapragmatic construction.
Can Macromania be explained linguistically? Beneath the morphological boundary: A sketch of subconscious manipulation strategies in Emmanuel Macron’s political discourses
Authors: Stroebel Liane 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis contribution focuses on the close link between perception and language. The analysis will extend beyond morphological evidence to include the role of submorphological relics. It will also raise the question of whether sensorimotor and submorphemic knowledge might have an impact on political discussion. In short, this paper seeks to tackle the question: How aware are we that words and sounds in general and in political discourse in particular are never ‘innocent’?
Bridging the gap: Toward a cognitive semantic analysis of the Lithuanian superlexical prefix be-
Authors: Korostenskienė Julija 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe present article explores the Lithuanian aspectual prefix be- from a cognitive perspective while building on the generative syntactic approach to be- as a superlexical prefix. The prefix be- is peculiar in that, while being able to stack on lower, the so-called lexical, prefixes, it is used to form a number of constructions, most notably those with continuative, prospective, or modality readings. In addition, it forms two separable compound prefixes, the continuative tebe- and discontinuative nebe-. Building on previous cognitive examinations of the English progressive and Slavic prefixation and incorporating the Ontological Semantic inventory of modalities, the prefix is approached in light of the Figure/ Ground distinction as well as the notion of epistemicity. The article focuses on the relationship holding between the prefix and modality-shaded meanings.
The Role of Regional Courts in the Development of International Investment Law: The Case of NAFTA Chapter 11 Dispute Settlement Framework and ECtHR
Authors: Ajibo Collins C. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractRegional courts have synthesized, articulated, and elucidated certain principles of law that influence the development of international investment law. The contributions of NAFTA Chapter 11 dispute settlement framework and European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), in particular, have been outstanding. For instance, NAFTA jurisprudence has guided investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) tribunals through influential precedents. Similarly, the doctrine of proportionality and the margin of appreciation doctrine which emerged from the ECtHR jurisprudence have become embedded in international investment law. Indeed, given the unique contributions of regional courts and their rapid proliferation, it can be predicted that they will play even more significant roles in the future development of principles of international investment law. Arguably, such emergent principles should be subjected to a prior scrutiny and filtering by ISDS institutions as a precondition to full incorporation into international investment law to foster their legitimacy and credibility.
Female Creativity and Temporal Discontinuity: Slips and Skips of Remembrance in Nietzsche and Freud
Authors: Battersby Christine 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBoth Nietzsche and Freud offer accounts of temporal disturbances in the processes of cognition, whilst also “forgetting” to notice women’s contributions to the history of culture. Both writers link women’s creative incapacity to their reproductive physiology and also to bodily shame. This paper argues, however, that Nietzsche’s descriptions of cognitive delay and collective forgetfulness are useful to feminist historians and theorists, providing a resource for theorising the belated recognition of women’s forgotten cultural achievements which the Freudian account lacks. The paper distinguishes between two contrasting modes of delayed recognition in Nietzsche, and compares Nietzsche on the temporal discontinuities of the nachträglich with Freud on the slips and skips in memory that derive from trauma, Nachträglichkeit and psychoneurotic repression. Another mode of temporal slippage - that of the Hopsasa - found in Nietzsche is also considered, as is also the potential of “the filigree art” of focusing as a remedy for cultural disappearances.
Die rhetorische Designanalyse und Buchanans ›Design-Argument‹ – am Beispiel des Lego Star Wars AT-AT Walker 4483
Authors: Scheuermann Arne 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWith his concept of the »design argument«, Richard Buchanan presented a classification system in 1985 that allows us to differentiate different impact goals in analysing design artefacts. In the present article, this system is combined with the method of rhetorical design analysis after the Bernese model. Using a Lego set as an example, it is demonstrated how designers apply rhetorical techniques to achieve affects and how these function. Furthermore, it is explained how the emotions of adult Lego fans are prompted and influenced by building the (and playing with the) Lego Star Wars AT-AT Walker #4483 model. At the same time, this case study makes a contribution to the cultural history of the pop-culture cross-over of Lego and Star Wars.
Cost-effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depressed Youth Declining Antidepressants
Authors: Dickerson John F. , Lynch Frances L. , Leo Michael C. , DeBar Lynn L. , Pearson John , Clarke Gregory N. 
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Adolescents with depression identified in primary care settings often have limited treatment options beyond antidepressant (AD) therapy. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of a brief cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) program among depressed adolescents who declined or quickly stopped using ADs.METHODS:A total of 212 youth with depression were randomly assigned to treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU plus brief individual CBT. Clinical outcomes included depression-free days (DFDs) and estimated quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Costs were adjusted to 2008 US dollars. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) comparing CBT to TAU were calculated over 12- and 24-month follow-up periods.RESULTS:Youth randomly assigned to CBT had 26.8 more DFDs (P = .044) and 0.067 more QALYs (P = .044) on average compared with TAU over 12 months. Total costs were $4976 less (P = .025) by the end of the 24-month follow-up among youth randomly assigned to CBT. Total costs per DFD were −$51 (ICER = −$51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −$394 to $9) at 12 months and −$115 (ICER = −$115; 95% CI: −$1090 to −$6) at 24 months. Total costs per QALY were −$20 282 (ICER = −$20 282; 95% CI: −$156 741 to $3617) at 12 months and −$45 792 (ICER = −$45 792; 95% CI: −$440 991 to −$2731) at 24 months.CONCLUSIONS:Brief primary care CBT among youth declining AD therapy is cost-effective by widely accepted standards in depression treatment. CBT becomes dominant over TAU over time, as revealed by a statistically significant cost offset at the end of the 2-year follow-up.
Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: Exploiting Signaling Pathways Implicated in Endocrine Resistance
Authors: Brufsky Adam M. , Dickler Maura N. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAdvancements in molecular profiling and endocrine therapy (ET) have led to more focused clinical attention on precision medicine. These advances have expanded our understanding of breast cancer (BC) pathogenesis and hold promising implications for the future of therapy. The estrogen receptor-α is a predominant endocrine regulatory protein in the breast and in estrogen-induced BC. Successful targeting of proteins and genes within estrogen receptor (ER) nuclear and nonnuclear pathways remains a clinical goal. Several classes of antiestrogenic agents are available for patients with early, advanced, or metastatic BC, including selective ER modulators, aromatase inhibitors, and a selective ER degrader. Clinical development is focused upon characterizing the efficacy and tolerability of inhibitors that target the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/akt murine thymoma viral oncogene (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor (mTOR) signaling pathway or the cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) cell cycle pathway in women with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth receptor 2-negative BC who have demonstrated disease recurrence or progression. De novo and acquired resistance remain a major challenge for women with BC receiving antiestrogenic therapy. Therefore, sequential combination of targeted ET is preferred in these patients, and the ever-increasing understanding of resistance mechanisms may better inform the selection of future therapy. This review describes the intricate roles of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and CDK4/6 pathways in intracellular signaling and the use of endocrine and endocrine-based combination therapy in BC.Implications for PracticeThe foundational strategy for treating hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth receptor 2-negative, advanced breast cancer includes the use of endocrine therapy either alone or in combination with targeted agents. The use of combination therapy aims to downregulate cell-signaling pathways with the intent of minimizing cellular “crosstalk,” which can otherwise result in continued tumorigenesis or progression through redundant pathways. This review provides the clinician with the molecular rationale and clinical evidence for these treatments and refers to evidence-based guidelines to inform the decision-making process.
МИРОВОЙ РЫНОК ТРУДА: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ
Authors: Dorokhova N. V. 
Published: January 2018

Цель: выявление на основе анализа статистических данных основных проблем и тенденций развития мирового рынка труда. Обсуждение: мировой рынок труда выступает важным элементом мирового хозяйства. От его конъюнктуры во многом зависит динамика экономического роста. Новый характер социально-трудовых отношений формирует ряд проблем, препятствующих поступательному развитию мирового рынка труда и требующих тщательного исследования. Результаты: в ходе исследования выявлены основные проблемы и тенденции развития мирового рынка труда: рост числа безработных, неформально занятых, рост гибкости занятости с одновременным сокращение социальных гарантий и т.д. Обосновано существенное влияние мирового рынка труда на функционирование и развитие национальных рынков.
ESTIMACIÓN DE PROPIEDADES DINÁMICAS DE ARCILLAS
Authors: González Blandón Claudia M. , Romo Organista Miguel P. 
Published: January 2018

Se propone un procedimiento de modelación tipo Masing, para estimar los comportamientos no lineales de propiedades dinámicas de arcillas normalmente consolidadas. Estos comportamientos corresponden a las variaciones del módulo de rigidez al corte y de la relación de amortiguamiento respecto a la deformación angular. El procedimiento es producto de un análisis minucioso de las propuestas realizadas por Romo (1990, 1995) y Flores et al. (1999). Dicho análisis sustenta la necesidad de definir valores de la deformación de referencia y del parámetro B, para cada una de las propiedades dinámicas. Por ende, se puede concluir que la modelación del módulo de rigidez y de la relación de amortiguamiento, se debe realizar de manera independiente. Finalmente, se ilustra el procedimiento de modelación mediante un ejercicio de aplicación, en el que se obtienen las curvas G - γ y λ - γ de una muestra de arcilla de la Ciudad de México.
ESTIMACIÓN DEL PELIGRO SÍSMICO DEBIDO A SISMOS INTERPLACA E INSLAB Y SUS IMPLICACIONES EN EL DISEÑO SÍSMICO
Authors: García Soto Adrián David , Pozos-Estrada Adrián , Hanping Hong , Gómez Martínez Roberto 
Published: January 2018

La ocurrencia de grandes sismos causa excitaciones muy intensas del terreno que pueden provocar el colapso de edificios y puentes. Para tomar en cuenta la incertidumbre en esta ocurrencia y en las solicitaciones sísmicas de diseño, la evaluación probabilística del peligro sísmico es empleada para desarrollar espectros de peligro uniforme (EPU) y mapas de contorno de peligro sísmico. Aunque existe mucha información en relación al cálculo del peligro sísmico en México y su inclusión en reglamentos, no hay en la literatura un reporte detallado, que incluya un modelo de peligro sísmico útil para obtener los EPU, para desarrollar mapas de contorno, y para determinar respuestas inelásticas. Además, ya que la demanda de ductilidad de desplazamiento puede diferir para sismos interplaca e inslab, esta diferencia debería incorporarse en la estimación de la confiabilidad estructural. En este estudio se integra un modelo de peligro sísmico útil para estimar los EPU y para desarrollar mapas de contorno para una parte de México; se calcula la contribución al peligro sísmico de cada tipo de sismo; y se estima el nivel de carga sísmica requerido para diseño,considerando las diferencias en la demanda de ductilidad causada por sismos interplaca e inslab
ESCOLA E SURDEZ: O QUE DIZEM PROFESSORES E PAIS A RESPEITO?
Authors: Lima Ezer Wellington Gomes , Senna Luiz Antonio Gomes 
Published: January 2018

Em virtude ao enredamento que cerca a escolarização de surdos, a pesquisa teve como objetivo, levantar os espaços e funções da escrita no contexto familiar e escolar de crianças/alunos surdos, em processo de alfabetização, na tentativa de reconhecer como e para que usam a escrita. A partir da questão central da pesquisa, foi necessário focalizar o contexto escolar, as interações e o desempenho na língua portuguesa de aprendizes surdos, buscando os dados regulares e os singulares manifestados pelos sujeitos envolvidos. Dessa maneira, foi possível constatar que nem os pais nem os professores usam a língua de sinais para interagir com os surdos, gerando interações linguísticas restritas e pouco efetivas. Outro aspecto importante deste estudo se situa na grande dificuldade e insegurança dos professores em trabalhar com alunos surdos: os profissionais, muitas vezes, relatam terem dúvidas se realmente estão conseguindo ensinar e se o surdo realmente está aprendendo. O que se apreende desse estudo é que a voz dos familiares, assim como do professor é fundamental para que algo possa ser pensado e/ou repensado em relação à escolarização desses sujeitos.
Estimating Alzheimer’s Disease Progression Rates from Normal Cognition Through Mild Cognitive Impairment and Stages of Dementia
Authors: Davis Matthew , O`Connell Thomas , Johnson Scott , Cline Stephanie , Merikle Elizabeth , Martenyi Ferenc , Simpson Kit 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) can be conceptualized as a continuum: patients progress
from normal cognition to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD, followed by increasing
severity of AD dementia. Prior research has measured transition probabilities among later stages of AD,
but not for the complete spectrum.

Objective:
To estimate annual progression rates across the AD continuum and evaluate the impact of a
delay in MCI due to AD on the trajectory of AD dementia and clinical outcomes.

Methods:
Patient-level longitudinal data from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center for
n=18,103 patients with multiple visits over the age of 65 were used to estimate annual, age-specific transitional
probabilities between normal cognition, MCI due to AD, and AD severity states (defined by
Clinical Dementia Rating score). Multivariate models predicted the likelihood of death and institutionalization
for each health state, conditional on age and time from the previous evaluation. These probabilities
were used to populate a transition matrix describing the likelihood of progressing to a particular
disease state or death for any given current state and age. Finally, a health state model was developed to
estimate the expected effect of a reduction in the risk of transitioning from normal cognition to MCI due
to AD on disease progression rates for a cohort of 65-year-old patients over a 35-year time horizon.

Results:
Annual transition probabilities to more severe states were 8%, 22%, 25%, 36%, and 16% for
normal cognition, MCI due to AD, and mild/moderate/severe AD, respectively, at age 65, and increased
as a function of age. Progression rates from normal cognition to MCI due to AD ranged from 4% to 10%
annually. Severity of cognitive impairment and age both increased the likelihood of institutionalization
and death. For a cohort of 100 patients with normal cognition at age 65, a 20% reduction in the annual
progression rate to MCI due to AD avoided 5.7 and 5.6 cases of MCI due to AD and AD, respectively.
This reduction led to less time spent in severe AD dementia health states and institutionalized, and increased
life expectancy.

Conclusion:
Transition probabilities from normal cognition through AD severity states are important for
understanding patient progression across the AD spectrum. These estimates can be used to evaluate the
clinical benefits of reducing progression from normal cognition to MCI due to AD on lifetime health
outcomes.
Prevalence, Correlates and Management of Hyperglycemia in Diabetic Non-critically Ill Patients at a Tertiary Care Center in Lebanon
Authors: El Khoury Ghada , Mansour Hanine , Kabbara Wissam K. , Chamoun Nibal , Atallah Nadim , Salameh Pascale 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that affects 387 million people
around the world. Episodes of hyperglycemia in hospitalized diabetic patients are associated with
poor clinical outcomes and increased morbidity and mortality. Therefore, prevention of hyperglycemia
is critical to decrease the length of hospital stay and to reduce complications and readmissions.

Objective:
The study aims to examine the prevalence of hyperglycemia and assess the correlates and
management of hyperglycemia in diabetic non-critically ill patients.

Methods:
The study was conducted on the medical wards of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Lebanon.
A retrospective chart review was conducted from January 2014 until September 2015. Diabetic
patients admitted to Internal Medicine floors were identified. Descriptive analysis was first carried out,
followed by a multivariable analysis to study the correlates of hyperglycemia occurrence.

Results:
A total of 235 medical charts were reviewed. Seventy percent of participants suffered from
hyperglycemia during their hospital stay. The identified significant positive correlates for inpatient hyperglycemia,
were the use of insulin sliding scale alone (OR=16.438 ± 6.765-39.941, p=0.001) and the
low frequency of glucose monitoring. Measuring glucose every 8 hours (OR= 3.583 ± 1.506-8.524,
p=0.004) and/or every 12 hours (OR=7.647 ± 0.704-79.231, p=0.0095) was associated with hyperglycemia.
The major factor perceived by nurses as a barrier to successful hyperglycemia management was
the lack of knowledge about appropriate insulin use (87.5%).

Conclusion:
Considerable mismanagement of hyperglycemia in diabetic non-critically ill patients exists;
indicating a compelling need for the development and implementation of protocol-driven insulin
order forms a comprehensive education plan on the appropriate use of insulin.
Cloning of acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase gene from Halomonas elongata BK-AG18 and in silico analysis of its gene product
Authors: Yuliastri Ni Putu , Ratnaningsih Enny , Hertadi Rukman 
Published: January 2018

Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a biodegradable polymer that can be used as a substitute for petrochemical plastics. Bacteria accumulate PHB in their cells as carbon and energy reserves because of unbalanced growth conditions. This study aimed to amplify phbA from the chromosomal DNA of Halomonas elongata BK-AG18, a PHB-producing bacterium that was previously isolated from the Bledug Kuwu mud crater of Central Java, Indonesia. The obtained phbA amplicon was 1176 bp. This fragment was cloned into a pGEM-T Easy cloning vector and used to transform Eschericia coli TOP10. The recombinant colonies were selected using blue-white screening, confirmed by size screening, reconfirmed by re-PCR, and sequenced. When putative phbA sequences were aligned with H. elongata DSM2581 chromosome using BLASTN, this sequence showed 99% identity. The deduced amino acid sequences of this clone showed 100% identity to PhbA of H. elongata DSM2581, suggesting that the obtained cloned fragment is a phbA gene. The 3D structure predicted by I-TASSER showed that PhbA of H. elongata BK-AG18 had a high similarity to the acetyl CoA acetyltransferase structure of Ralstonia eutropha H16. PhbA of H. elongata BK-AG18 possesses three catalytic residues, namely Cys88, His348, and Cys378.
A Adoção De Ações Afirmativas Para A População Prisional E Egressos: Uma Via Para Contenção Dos Efeitos Negativos Do Encarceramento
Authors: Prado Alessandra Rapacci Mascarenhas , Da Silva Mônica Antonieta Magalhães 
Published: January 2018

Considerando a realidade do cárcere no Brasil e os efeitos da desculturação, da aculturação e da estigmatização sobre os encarcerados, enquanto existir a pena privativa de liberdade, tem-se que o Estado deve adotar medidas para reduzir tais efeitos. Assim, o trabalho objetiva analisar se, em razão da condição de vulnerabilidade dos encarcerados, as ações afirmativas são instrumentos necessários e viáveis para contornar os malefícios próprios do encarceramento. Para tanto, foi realizada revisão bibliográfica, análise de políticas públicas afirmativas adotadas em alguns Estados em relação aos presos e egressos do sistema carcerário.