bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma revisited
Authors: Borie Raphael , Wislez Marie , Antoine Martine , Copie-Bergman Christiane , Thieblemont Catherine , Cadranel Jacques 
Published: January 2016

This general review sought to clarify the pathophysiological, diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic features of pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.MALT lymphoma is the most common pulmonary B-cell lymphoma, which usually occurs in the context of acquired MALT. The disease is slow-growing with an asymptomatic chronic alveolar opacity visible on radiography. Diagnosis requires tissue samples that should be retrieved using minimally invasive techniques, such as bronchoscopy or computed tomography-guided biopsies. The pathophysiology includes cytogenetic abnormalities and autoimmune diseases, whereas an association with a chronic pulmonary infection is still suspected but not yet demonstrated. Disease prognosis is typically excellent and the current available treatments are discussed in this review, including the decision not to treat, surgery, and single- or double-agent chemotherapy.
Acute kidney stress—a useful term based on evolution in the understanding of acute kidney injury
Authors: Katz Nevin , Ronco Claudio 
Published: January 2016

AbstractCritical care physicians have debated an appropriate term for the clinical phase preceding acute kidney injury (AKI). The recent development of cell cycle arrest biomarkers that signal the potential development of AKI is part of an evolution in the molecular diagnosis and understanding of AKI. It is proposed that the pre-injury phase that leads to AKI can be described as “acute kidney stress”. This term has the potential to expand horizons in regard to the early detection of situations that will lead to AKI and the early implementation of corrective measures.
RETRACTED ARTICLE:Exercise-induced mitochondrial p53
repairs mtDNA mutations in mutator mice
Authors: Safdar Adeel , Khrapko Konstantin , Flynn James M. , Saleem Ayesha , De Lisio Michael , Johnston Adam P. W. , Kratysberg Yevgenya , Samjoo Imtiaz A. , Kitaoka Yu , Ogborn Daniel I. , Little Jonathan P. , Raha Sandeep , Parise Gianni , Akhtar Mahmood , Hettinga Bart P. , Rowe Glenn C. , Arany Zoltan , Prolla Tomas A. , Tarnopolsky Mark A. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Background
Human genetic disorders and transgenic mouse models have shown that
mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and telomere dysfunction instigate the aging
process. Epidemiologically, exercise is associated with greater life expectancy
and reduced risk of chronic diseases. While the beneficial effects of exercise are
well established, the molecular mechanisms instigating these observations remain
unclear.

Results
Endurance exercise reduces mtDNA mutation burden, alleviates
multisystem pathology, and increases lifespan of the mutator mice, with
proofreading deficient mitochondrial polymerase gamma (POLG1). We report evidence
for a POLG1-independent mtDNA repair pathway mediated by exercise, a surprising
notion as POLG1 is canonically considered to be the sole mtDNA repair enzyme.
Here, we show that the tumor suppressor protein p53 translocates to mitochondria
and facilitates mtDNA mutation repair and mitochondrial biogenesis in response to
endurance exercise. Indeed, in mutator mice with muscle-specific deletion of p53,
exercise failed to prevent mtDNA mutations, induce mitochondrial biogenesis,
preserve mitochondrial morphology, reverse sarcopenia, or mitigate premature
mortality.

Conclusions
Our data establish a new role for p53 in exercise-mediated
maintenance of the mtDNA genome and present mitochondrially targeted p53 as a
novel therapeutic modality for diseases of mitochondrial etiology.
Post-buckled equilibrium state of axially compressed polymeric rod in glass and rubbery transitions
Authors: Tikhomirova Ksenia Alekseevna , Trufanov Nikolay Aleksandrovich 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Background
Glass and rubbery transitions under cooling and heating of polymeric materials underlie a shape memory effect, that is a material ability to save temporarily the deformed shape and restore the original one under the external influence. The present work aims to model the shape memory effect for an axially compressed polymeric rod in its post-buckled equilibrium state, which is the generalization of Euler’s elastica for a glassy material case.

Methods
For modeling, we use a new type of constitutive relations describing the thermomechanical behavior of amorphous polymers over a wide temperature range. To define the model parameters for lightly-linked epoxy resin a series of experiments was conducted using the Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer.

Results
Post-buckled states of an epoxy rod equilibrium during the temperature change have been found from numerical simulation. The obtained results illustrate the shape memory effect in case of axially compressed rod buckling.

Conclusion
The thermomechanical shape-memory cycle includes the stages of deformation development and preservation and the subsequent recovery of the initial shape. According to the obtained results, maximum deflection corresponds to the first loading step at the rubbery material state, because the elastic modulus is very low. During cooling under a constant load the deformation remains constant. After unloading in glassy state the deflection decreases by a small value, because the glassy elastic modulus significantly exceeds the rubbery one. During subsequent heating the rod recovers its initial undeformed shape.
Practice nurse-led proactive care for chronic depression in primary care: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Buszewicz Marta , Griffin Mark , McMahon Elaine M. , Walters Kate , King Michael 
Published: January 2016

BackgroundManagement of long-term depression is a significant problem in primary care populations with considerable on-going morbidity, but few studies have focused on this group.AimsTo evaluate whether structured, nurse-led proactive care of patients with chronic depression in primary care improves outcomes.MethodParticipants with chronic/recurrent major depression or dysthymia were recruited from 42 UK general practices and randomised to general practitioner (GP) treatment as usual or nurse intervention over 2 years (the ProCEED trial, trial registration: ISRCTN36610074).ResultsIn total 282 people received the intervention and there were 276 controls. At 24 months there was no significant improvement in Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) score or quality of life (Euroquol-EQ-VAS), but a significant improvement in functional impairment (Work and Social Activity Schedule, WSAS) of 2.5 (95% CI 0.6–4.3, P = 0.010) in the intervention group. The impact per practice-nurse intervention session was –0.37 (95% CI –0.68 to –0.07, P = 0.017) on the BDI-II score and –0.33 (95% CI –0.55 to –0.10, P = 0.004) on the WSAS score, indicating that attending all 10 intervention sessions could lead to a BDI-II score reduction of 3.7 points compared with controls.ConclusionsThe intervention improved functioning in these patients, the majority of whom had complex long-term difficulties, but only had a significant impact on depressive symptoms in those engaging with the full intervention.
Cardiometabolic disease and features of depression and bipolar disorder: Population-based, cross-sectional study
Authors: Martin Daniel J. , Ul-Haq Zia , Nicholl Barbara I. , Cullen Breda , Evans Jonathan , Gill Jason M. R. , Roberts Beverly , Gallacher John , Mackay Daniel , McIntosh Andrew , Hotopf Matthew , Craddock Nick , Deary Ian J. , Pell Jill P. , Smith Daniel J. 
Published: January 2016

BackgroundThe relative contribution of demographic, lifestyle and medication factors to the association between affective disorders and cardiometabolic diseases is poorly understood.AimsTo assess the relationship between cardiometabolic disease and features of depresion and bipolar disorder within a large population sample.MethodCross-sectional study of 145 991 UK Biobank participants: multivariate analyses of associations between features of depression or bipolar disorder and five cardiometabolic outcomes, adjusting for confounding factors.ResultsThere were significant associations between mood disorder features and ‘any cardiovascular disease’ (depression odds ratio (OR) = 1.15, 95% CI 1.12–1.19; bipolar OR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.14–1.43) and with hypertension (depression OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.13–1.18; bipolar OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.12–1.42). Individuals with features of mood disorder taking psychotropic medication were significantly more likely than controls not on psychotropics to report myocardial infarction (depression OR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.24–1.73; bipolar OR = 2.23, 95% CI 1.53–3.57) and stroke (depression OR = 2.46, 95% CI 2.10–2.80; bipolar OR = 2.31, 95% CI 1.39–3.85).ConclusionsAssociations between features of depression or bipolar disorder and cardiovascular disease outcomes were statistically independent of demographic, lifestyle and medication confounders. Psychotropic medication may also be a risk factor for cardiometabolic disease in individuals without a clear history of mood disorder.
Affective instability and the course of bipolar depression: Results from the STEP-BD randomised controlled trial of psychosocial treatment
Authors: Stange Jonathan P. , Sylvia Louisa G. , da Silva Magalhães Pedro Vieira , Miklowitz David J. , Otto Michael W. , Frank Ellen , Yim Christine , Berk Michael , Dougherty Darin D. , Nierenberg Andrew A. , Deckersbach Thilo 
Published: January 2016

BackgroundLittle is known about predictors of recovery from bipolar depression.AimsWe investigated affective instability (a pattern of frequent and large mood shifts over time) as a predictor of recovery from episodes of bipolar depression and as a moderator of response to psychosocial treatment for acute depression.MethodA total of 252 out-patients with DSM-IV bipolar I or II disorder and who were depressed enrolled in the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder (STEP-BD) and were randomised to one of three types of intensive psychotherapy for depression (n= 141) or a brief psychoeducational intervention (n= 111). All analyses were by intention-to-treat.ResultsDegree of instability of symptoms of depression and mania predicted a lower likelihood of recovery and longer time until recovery, independent of the concurrent effects of symptom severity. Affective instability did not moderate the effects of psychosocial treatment on recovery from depression.ConclusionsAffective instability may be a clinically relevant characteristic that influences the course of bipolar depression.
The effects of laboratory housing and spatial enrichment on brain size and metabolic rate in the eastern mosquitofish,Gambusia holbrooki
Authors: Turschwell Mischa P. , White Craig R. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTIt has long been hypothesised that there is a functional correlation between brain size and metabolic rate in vertebrates. The present study tested this hypothesis in wild-caught adult mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki by testing for an intra-specific association between resting metabolic rate (RMR) and brain size while controlling for variation in body size, and through the examination of the effects of spatial enrichment and laboratory housing on body mass-independent measures of brain size and RMR. Controlling for body mass, there was no relationship between brain size and RMR in wild-caught fish. Contrary to predictions, spatial enrichment caused a decrease in mass-independent brain size, highlighting phenotypic plasticity in the adult brain. As expected, after controlling for differences in body size, wild-caught fish had relatively larger brains than fish that had been maintained in the laboratory for a minimum of six weeks, but wild-caught fish also had significantly lower mass-independent RMR. This study demonstrates that an organisms' housing environment can cause significant plastic changes to fitness related traits including brain size and RMR. We therefore conclude that current standard laboratory housing conditions may cause captive animals to be non-representative of their wild counterparts, potentially undermining the transferability of previous laboratory-based studies of aquatic ectothermic vertebrates to wild populations.
Aging influences steroid hormone release by mink ovaries and their response to leptin and IGF-I
Authors: Sirotkin Alexander V. , Mertin Dušan , Süvegová Karin , Harrath Abdel Halim , Kotwica Jan 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
The aim of our study was to understand whether ovarian steroid hormones, and their response to the metabolic hormones leptin and IGF-I leptin, could be involved in the control of mink reproductive aging via changes in basal release of ovarian progesterone and estradiol. For this purpose, we compared the release of progesterone and estradiol by ovarian fragments isolated from young (yearlings) and old (3-5 years of age) minks cultured with and without leptin and IGF-I (0, 1, 10 or 100 ng/ml). We observed that isolated ovaries of older animals produced less progesterone but not less estradiol than the ovaries of young animals. Leptin addition stimulated estradiol release by the ovarian tissue of young animals but inhibited it in older females. Leptin did not influence progesterone output by the ovaries of either young or older animals. IGF-I inhibited estradiol output in young but not old animals, whereas progesterone release was inhibited by IGF-I irrespective of the animal age. Our observations demonstrate the involvement of both leptin and IGF-I in the control of mink ovarian steroid hormones release. Furthermore, our findings suggest that reproductive aging in minks can be due to (a) reduction in basal progesterone release and (b) alterations in the response of estradiol but not of progesterone to leptin and IGF-I.
Perfil dos Empreendedores Individuais e Características dos Negócios Participantes do Programa EI em Aracaju, Sergipe
Authors: Vianna Marco Otávio Dos Santos , Teixeira Rivanda Meira , Franca Veruschka Vieira 
Published: January 2016

A partir de uma ação unificada em todo o país, passou-se a oferecer condições especiais para os empreendedores individuais para que seus negócios fossem formalizados. Este estudo tem como objetivo delinear o perfil dos empreendedores individuais e definir as características dos empreendimentos formalizados através do Programa Empreendedor Individual EI em Aracaju, Estado de Sergipe. Foi realizado survey com amostra de trezentos Empreendedores Individuais que aderiram ao programa desde a sua criação em Sergipe em junho de 2009. As informações foram coletadas por meio de questionários estruturados aplicados pessoalmente com os empreendedores. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e os resultados foram comparados ao de outras pesquisas realizadas no Brasil relacionadas ao programa EI. Pode-se destacar a participação feminina entre os empreendedores individuais de Aracaju, a escolaridade se mostrou bem distribuída e tem baixa renda mensal. Em relação aos empreendimentos, são predominantes no setor do comércio, contam com ajuda de uma ou mais pessoas, foram poucos os empreendimentos que surgiram recentemente e o negócio, mais do que uma fonte de renda individual, é sustento dos familiares
Additional Technology of Pre-Profile Training
Authors: Бычков  , Bychkov Anatoliy 
Published: January 2016

Presented is the methodology for pre-profi le training the general school students in the context of technological education and supplementary
education interaction. To support the teachers, the essential pedagogical terms are defi ned. Recommendations are provided on how to use assignments
on educational and research activities and also on project activities in order to facilitate the professional self-determination of school students.
Learning on the Job? Employee Mobility in the Asset Management Industry
Authors: Chatterji Aaron K. , de Figueiredo Rui J. P. , Rawley Evan 
Published: January 2016

We present a new mechanism by which prior employment can influence transitions to other firms. We propose that some employees divert effort toward unproductive activities to learn about their own fitness for alternative employment. Based on the results of this costly learning experience, or “experiment,” some employees will transition into other firms or launch their own ventures, whereas others will remain at the incumbent firm. We develop a theoretical model to explicate these propositions and test them using four data sets from the mutual fund and hedge fund industries. We find evidence that managers who engage in excessive risk taking at mutual funds are subsequently more likely to join or start hedge funds, although there is little evidence that this risk taking is intended to signal quality to outside observers. Taken together, our findings suggest that learning about one’s own fitness for alternative employment, through experimentation on the job, is an important mechanism for enabling employee mobility.This paper was accepted by Lee Fleming, entrepreneurship and innovation.
CEC and 7Li MAS NMR Study of Interlayer Li+ in the Montmorillonite—Beidellite Series at Room Temperature and After Heating
Authors: Steudel Annett , Heinzmann Ralf , Indris Sylvio , Emmerich Katja 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe objective of the study was to contribute to the understanding of the influence of the structure and the 2:1 layer dimension of smectites on cation exchange capacity (CEC) reduction and the hydration behavior of Li-saturated smectites after heating. Five montmorillonites extracted from bentonites of different provenance were saturated with Li+ and heated to 300°C. Initial montmorillonites and montmorillonites with reduced layer charge (RCM) were characterized by comprehensive mineralogical analysis supplemented by CEC measurements, surface-area measurements by Ar adsorption, and 7Li, 27Al, and 29Si magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MAS NMR). The CEC of the initial montmorillonites varied between 89 and 130 cmol(+)/kg while the CEC of the RCM prepared at 300°C varied between 8 and 25 cmol(+)/kg. The lateral dimension of the 2:1 layers varied between 70 and 200 nm. The greatest decrease in CEC was observed for the montmorillonite with the largest diameter of the 2:1 layers and the smallest decrease was observed for the montmorillonite with the smallest diameter of the 2:1 layers. 7Li MAS NMR revealed an axially symmetric chemical environment of the hydrated interlayer Li+ with ηΔ = 0 for the chemical shift anisotropy tensor for unheated montmorillonites with >33% tetrahedral layer charge (ξ). The chemical environment is typical of innersphere hydration complexes of interlayer Li+. An axially non-symmetric chemical environment of the interlayer Li+ with ηCS of close to one was observed for all RCM. While the remaining CEC of RCM prepared at 300°C reflected the variable CEC at the edges, and thus the lateral size or aspect ratio of the 2:1 layers, the hydration complex of interlayer Li+ was strongly determined by the isomorphic substitutions in the dioctahedral 2:1 layers.
Congenital Hydrocephalus and Hemivertebrae Associated With De NOVO Partial Monosomy 6q (6q25.3→qter)
Authors: Li Y , Choy K-W , Xie H-N , Chen M , He W-Y , Gong Y-F , Liu H-Y , Song Y-Q , Xian Y-X , Sun X-F , Chen Xin-Jie 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This study was conducted to describe a prenatal case of congenital hydrocephalus and hemivertebrae with a 6q terminal deletion and to investigate the possible correlation between the genotype and phenotype of the proband. We performed an array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) analysis on a fetus diagnosed with congenital hydrocephalus and hemivertebrae. The deletion, spanning 10.06 Mb from 6q25.3 to 6qter, was detected in this fetus. The results of aCGH, karyotype and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses in the healthy parents were normal, which confirmed that the proband’s copy- number variant (CNV) was de novo. This deleted region encompassed 97 genes, including 28 OMIM genes. We discussed four genes (TBP, PSMB1, QKI and Pacrg) that may be responsible for hydrocephalus while the T gene may have a role in hemivertebra. We speculate that five genes in the 6q terminal deletion region were potentially associated with hemivertebrae and hydrocephalus in the proband.
No sex-related dispersal limitation in a dioecious, oceanic long-distance traveller: the bull kelp Durvillaea antarctica
Authors: Lizée-Prynne Dominic , López Boris , Tala Fadia , Thiel Martin 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Dispersal of dioecious floating seaweeds could be limited due to biological constraints. This study examined for benthic and floating populations (stranded individuals) of the rafting kelp Durvillaea antarctica whether male and female individuals cohabit within one holdfast. As a previous study had indicated colour differences between sexes, we also examined whether these colour differences are consistent and possibly related to pigment and phlorotannin concentrations. Our large-scale survey of rafted holdfasts and a small-scale survey of benthic holdfasts at two sites found that reproductive males and females do travel together in coalesced holdfasts, although this proportion is relatively low (5–17%). There were no sex-specific differences in pigment and phlorotannin concentrations, but there were significant differences between the two benthic populations. There was no relationship between the colouration of thalli and the concentration of pigments but there was a slight colour difference between vegetative and reproductive sexual stages. Based on these results we conclude that biological conditions are not the cause for the lack of genetic connectivity between D. antarctica populations from central Chile. Instead, we suggest that ecological processes, such as density-blocking and physical factors (i.e. currents and winds), limit the potential for successful rafting dispersal.
Formulation of gentamicin as surface modified self-nanoemulsifying formulations (SNEFs) improves its anti-pneumococcal activity
Authors: Umeyor Chukwuebuka , Attama Anthony , Uronnachi Emmanuel , Agbo Chinazom , Reginald-Opara Joy , Kenechukwu Franklin 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Surface modified self-nanoemulsifying formulations (SNEFs) loaded with gentamicin were formulated using suitable blends of soybean oil, a mixture of Kolliphor® P188 and Kolliphor® EL as surfactants, and Transcutol® HP as co-surfactant, and administered orally to white albino rats for evaluation of anti-pneumococcal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Droplet size and zeta potential measurements showed that SNEFs had mean droplet sizes in the range of 80.7±0.5–210.2±0.0, and were stable with mean zeta potential in the range of –25.2±3.0 to –42.5±1.3 mV. Preliminary screening against S. pneumoniae in vitro revealed that gentamicin-loaded SNEFs had better bacterial inhibition than the standard drug, and at a low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.5 mg/mL. Gentamicin delivered into cerebrospinal fluid of rats from orally administered SNEFs produced a prolonged and enhanced activity against S. pneumoniae at a dose of 7 mg/kg than the standard drug at the same dose. Hence, results from this study showed that the activity of gentamicin against S. pneumoniae was improved by formulation as surface modified SNEFs.