Pengaruh Program Perubahan Perilaku Ibu Hamil (Cerdigi) Berdasarkan Teori ABC (Studi Pendahuluan di Kelurahan Serpong, Tangerang Selatan)
Authors: Septalita Annisa , Andreas Peter 
Published: November 2016

Kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan salah satu hal yang perlu diperhatikan selama kehamilan. Perilaku pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut selama hamil masih rendah. Kondisi kesehatan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil yang buruk dapat memberikan dampak, seperti bayi lahir prematur dan berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR). Teori perubahan perilaku ABC berfokus antecedent, behavior, dan consequence. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perilaku pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi mulut ibu hamil, mengindentifikasi faktor antecedent-nya, melakukan intervensi perubahan behavior-nya (DHE), dan menganalisis consequence perilakunya. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional, melibatkan 27 ibu hamil di Kelurahan Serpong, Tangerang Selatan. Pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 100% (27 responden) menyikat gigi 2x/hari, 44,4% (12 responden) menggunakan obat kumur 1x/minggu dan 4% (1 responden) memeriksakan ke dokter gigi saat hamil. Faktor antecedent tidak memeriksakan ke dokter gigi saat hamil yaitu 33% tidak tahu manfaat ke dokter gigi, 26% takut ke dokter gigi, 19% merasa biaya ke dokter gigi mahal, 11% tidak merasa butuh ke dokter gigi, dan 11 takut mengganggu janin. Setelah 9 hari intervensi, 19 responden dievaluasi consequencenya dengan hasil 90% belum ke dokter gigi, 5% telah ke dokter gigi, dan 5% tidak mau ke dokter gigi. Alasan belum memeriksakan ke dokter gigi dikarenakan waktu 52%, tidak ada yang mengantar 12%, malas 12%, takut ke dokter gigi 12%, dan belum ada dana 12%. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah perilaku pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi mulut ibu hamil didominasi pemeliharaan sendiri (sikat gigi dan kumur-kumur obat kumur), sementara pemeliharaan ke dokter gigi masih rendah dengan berbagai antecedence.Maternal Behavior Change Program (Cerdigi) Based on ABC’s Theory (Pilot Study in Serpong Subdistrict, South Tangerang). Oral health is one of the things that need attention during pregnancy. However, the behavior of dental and oral health maintenance during pregnancy is still low. Poor oral health conditions in pregnant women can have an impact, such as premature births and low birth weight (LBW) babies. ABC behavior change theory focuses on the antecedent, behavior, and consequence of behavior. The purpose of this study is to determine pregnant women’s behavior of oral health maintenance, identify their antecedent factors, behavior change interventions (DHE), and analyze the behavior consequence. This was a descriptive research with a cross-sectional design among 27 pregnant women in Serpong Subdistrict, South Tangerang. The data were collected through interviews and questionnaires. The results show 100% (27 respondents) did tooth brushing twice a day, 44,4% (12 respondents) used mouthwash once a week and 4% (1 respondent) visited a dentist during pregnancy. The antecedent factors of not visiting a dentist during pregnancy were because: 33% did not know the benefits of visiting a dentist, 26% had fear of dentist, 19% felt that visiting a dentist was expensive, 11% did not feel the need to go to a dentist, and 11% had fear of disturbing the fetus. After 9 days of intervention, the consequences on the 19 respondents were evaluated and the results show that 89.5% had not visited a dentist, 5.25% had visited a dentist, and 5.25% did not want to visit a dentist. The reason of not visiting a dentist was because of having not much time 52.8%, having nobody to accompany 11.8%, feeling lazy 11.8%, still feeling afraid of a dentist 11.8 %, and having no money 11.8%. The conclusion from this study is that the most dominant behaviors of oral health maintenance in pregnant women is to maintain it by themselves (toothbrushing and using mouthwash), while maintaining the health by visiting a dentist is still low with various antecendents.