bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Testing in Breast Cancer According to 2007 and 2013 American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists Guideline Recommendations
Authors: Hanna Wedad M. , Slodkowska Elzbieta , Lu Fang-I , Nafisi Houman , Nofech-Mozes Sharon 
Published: April 2017

Purpose To study the effect of the 2013 updates to the 2007 American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists recommendations for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) testing in breast cancer on testing patterns and interpretation in a large regional reference laboratory. Patients and Methods Patient cases with HER2 testing scores for breast biomarker evaluation were selected from our laboratory information system during two 12-month periods (2012 and 2014). The number of tests performed, type of specimens, proportion of HER2-positive and equivocal patient cases, and number of repeat tests on subsequent excisional specimens were examined and compared. Results Although the number of samples tested increased between 2012 and 2014 (2,201 v 2,558 patient cases; 2,278 v 2,659 tumors), HER2 positivity remained constant (15.7% v 15.5%, respectively). The number of repeat tests performed within 6 months more than doubled (122 [5.5%) of 2,201 v 302 [11.8%] of 2,558; P < .001), and the proportion of immunohistochemistry (IHC) 2+ tumors was significantly lower in 2014 than in 2012 (20.3% v 25.3%; P < .001). However, the proportion of patient cases with unresolved HER2 statuses (equivocal by IHC and in situ hybridization) was significantly higher in 2014 (four of 2,278 v 90 of 2,660; P < .001). Conclusion Our findings indicate that the 2013 updates to the American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists recommendations for HER2 testing in breast cancer did not affect the overall HER2-positivity rate or the proportion of patients eligible for HER2-targeted therapy. The proportion of tests and repeat tests performed increased, as did the number of patient cases categorized as ISH equivocal. The benefit of targeted therapy in the equivocal group is not proven, so targeted therapy should not be considered for patients in this category which should be redefined in future iterations of the recommendations.
Tobacco control and young people: A guide for school nurses
Authors: Croghan Emma 
Published: April 2017

Tobacco smoking remains a public health priority and school nurses have an important role to play in tobacco control. Even though the majority of smoking-related deaths are in people aged 35 years or older, the onset of smoking occurs primarily in adolescence, and most adult smokers report that they began smoking before the age of 18, and over 80% before the age of 20. There is also evidence of early physical harm from child and adolescent smoking. This article looks at how school nurses can get involved in tobacco control, including whole-school policies and support for individuals.
Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents’ Views On HIV Research Participation and Parental Permission: A Mixed‐Methods Study
Authors: Mustanski Brian , Coventry Ryan , Macapagal Kathryn , Arbeit Miriam R. , Fisher Celia B. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCONTEXTSexual and gender minority adolescents are underrepresented in HIV research, partly because institutional review boards (IRBs) are reluctant to waive parental permission requirements for these studies. Understanding teenagers’ perspectives on parental permission and the risks and benefits of participating in HIV research is critical to informing evidence‐based IRB decisions.METHODSData from 74 sexual and gender minority adolescents aged 14–17 who participated in an online focus group in 2015 were used to examine perspectives on the risks and benefits of participation in a hypothetical HIV surveillance study and the need for parental permission and adequate protections. Data were analyzed thematically; mixed methods analyses examined whether concerns about parental permission differed by whether teenagers were out to their parents.RESULTSMost adolescents, especially those who were not out to their parents, would be unwilling to participate in an HIV study if parental permission were required. Perceived benefits of participation included overcoming barriers to HIV testing and contributing to the health of sexual and gender minority youth. Few risks of participation were identified. Adolescents suggested steps that researchers could take to facilitate informed decision making about research participation and ensure minors’ safety in the absence of parental permission; these included incorporating multimedia presentations into the consent process and explaining researchers’ motivations for conducting the study.CONCLUSIONSRespondents believed that the benefits of HIV surveillance research outweighed the risks. Requiring parental permission may exclude many sexual and gender minority teenagers from taking part in HIV research, especially if they are not out.
The National Education Board (1929–36) and scientific research in Portugal
Authors: Lopes Quintino 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The National Education Board (JEN – Junta de Educação Nacional) was created in 1929 during the Military Dictatorship. The purpose of this organization, much favoured by some sectors of Portuguese academiaf and intellectual elite, was the renewal of scientific, pedagogical and national economic policies. Following the example of similar international institutions, such as the Junta para Ampliación de Estudios e Investigaciones Científicas (JAE) of Spain, JEN put in place a set of articulated practices – scholarships at home and abroad, the funding of research centres and the organization of cultural expansion services – targeting the scientific updating and a greater dissemination of Portuguese culture internationally.
Pengembangan Antena Mikrostrip Susun untuk Radar Pengawas Pantai
Authors: Zulkiflia Fitri Yuli , Wahyu Yuyu , - Basari , Raharjo Eko Tjipto 
Published: April 2017

Makalah ini membahas pengembangan antena mikrostrip yang disusun secara linier sebanyak empat elemen untuk aplikasi radar pengawas pantai. Teknik pencatuan yang digunakan untuk mencatu antena susun ini adalah proximity coupled. Desain antena menggunakan software CST microwave studio dan dirancang untuk bekerja di frekuensi 9,4 GHz. Hasil simulasi memperlihatkan impedance bandwidth antena pada return loss ≤ -9,54 dB adalah 760 MHz dari 9,34-10,1 GHz dan dari hasil ukur adalah 860 MHz dari frekuensi 9,35-10,21 GHz. Di samping itu, hasil simulasi menunjukkan half power beamwidth (HPBW) pada phi=0 sebesar 23,7o dengan sidelobe level (SLL) sebesar -12,03 dB, sementara pada phi=90 diperoleh HPBW sebesar 77,2o dengan SLL tertekan sampai -19,78 dB. Sebagai tambahan, gain dari antena diperoleh sebesar 11,33 dB. Adapun hasil pengukuran menunjukkan hasil HPBW pada phi=0 sebesar 20o dengan SLL sebesar -18,9 dB dan pada phi=90 diperoleh HPBW sebesar 65o dengan SLL -15,51 dB.
Cardiac hypertrophy and IGF-1 response to testosterone propionate treatment in trained male rats
Authors: Żebrowska Aleksandra , Sadowska-Krępa Ewa , Jagsz Sławomir , Kłapcińska Barbara , Langfort Józef 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectiveSeveral studies have suggested that testosterone exerts a growth-promoting effect in the heart. Limited data are available regarding interactions between possible endocrine/paracrine effects in response to exercise training. Therefore, we examined supraphysiological testosterone-induced heart hypertrophy and cardiac insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 content in sedentary and exercise-trained rats.DesignMale Wistar rats (n=33) were randomly allocated to groups with a 6-week endurance training with or without testosterone, and sedentary animals with or without testosterone. The hormone (20 mg/250 g body weight was administrated once a week for six weeks. After six weeks the animals were anesthetized, euthanized and the heart was excised and weighed. The left ventricle was separated for biochemical analyses.ResultsTestosterone-treated animals showed significantly higher cardiac IGF-1 content compared to untreated control and trained groups (p=0.01). The administration of supraphysiological testosterone significantly increased the heart weight to body weight ratio (HW/BW, p<0.01). A significant positive correlation was seen between IGF-1 levels and the HW/BW ratio (p=0.002; r=0.50) and between serum total testosterone levels and HW/BW (p=0.000; r=0.79).ConclusionsThe results demonstrate that increased cardiac IGF-1 content in response to higher serum testosterone might be responsible for heart hypertrophy observed in both sedentary and endurance-trained animals.
Synthesis and characterization of small size fluorescent LEEH caped blue emission ZnTe quantum dots
Authors: Patnaik Sumanta Kumar , Triapthy Sukanta Kumar , Sahu Surendra Nath 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We report here for the first time the synthesis of LEEH caped very small size (2 nm) ZnTe quantum dots at low temperature (less than 100 °C) using a simple chemical route. The effects of aging and stirring time on the absorption spectra of the quantum dots were investigated. The synthesized nanocrystal (NC) was characterized by PL, TEM, XRD and the formation of very small size quantum dots having FCC structure was confirmed. Further, blue emission from the prepared sample was observed during exposure to monochromatic UV radiation. ZnTe NCs obtained in this study were found to be more stable compared to those presented in literature reports. ZnTe NCs may be considered as a new material in place of CdTe for optoelectronics devices.
Synthesis and electro-optical properties of fluorene containing blue luminescent rod-coil homopolymers with pendant pyridine
Authors: Sahu Duryodhan , Chakroborty Subhendu 
Published: April 2017

AbstractTwo well defined, blue luminescent homopolymers containing 9,9-diethylfluorene core with electron withdrawing pendant pyridine, Suzuki-coupled with the corresponding borolane of decoxy phenyl (PFPA) and naphthalene (PFNA) have been designed and synthesized efficiently. The obtained rod-coil polymers have the average molecular weight of 15212 (PFPA) and 15130 (PFNA) with polydispersity indices (PDIs) 1.07 and 1.3, respectively. The polymers have good solubility and high thermal stability with the decomposition temperature of 362 °C (PFPA) and 367 °C (PFNA) correspondingly. Furthermore the optical and electrochemical properties of the polymers have been investigated. The polymers exhibited photoluminescence (PL) maxima at 410 nm (PFPA) and 414 nm (PFNA) excited at 340 nm, as stable blue luminescence polymers at low concentration of 10−6M with a quantum yield of 0.64 and 0.62, respectively. In addition the annealed (150 °C) polymer films showed better stability of its photoluminescence spectra. Absorbance and fluorescence emission spectra of PFPA and PFNA were compared in order to evaluate the effects of substituent, phenyl and naphthalene in pyridine pendant fluorene moieties.
Mathematical analysis of the impact mechanism of information platform on agro-product supply chain and agro-product competitiveness
Authors: Jiang Qi-Jie , Jin Mao-Zhu , Ren Pei-Yu 
Published: April 2017

AbstractHow to optimize agro-product supply chain to promote its operating efficiency so as to enhance the competitiveness of regional agricultural products has posed a problem to academic circles, business circles and governments of various levels. One way to solve this problem is to introduce an information platform into the supply chain, which this essay focuses on. Firstly, a review of existing research findings concerning the agro-product competitiveness, agro-product supply chain (ASC) and information platform was given. Secondly, we constructed a mathematical model to analyze the impact of information platform on the bullwhip effect in ASC. Thirdly, another mathematical model was constructed to help compare and analyze the impact of information platform on information acquisition of members in ASC. The research results show that the implantation of information platform can mitigate the bullwhip effect in ASC, and members can determine order amount or production more close to the actual market demand. And also the information platform can reduce the time for members in ASC to get information from other members. Besides, information platform can help ASC to alleviate information asymmetry among upstream and downstream members. Furthermore, researches about the operating mechanism and pattern, technical feature and running structure of the information platform, along with their impacts on agro-product supply chain and the competitiveness of agricultural products need to be advanced.
Oil exploration oriented multi-sensor image fusion algorithm
Authors: Xiaobing Zhang , Wei Zhou , Mengfei Song 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In order to accurately forecast the fracture and fracture dominance direction in oil exploration, in this paper, we propose a novel multi-sensor image fusion algorithm. The main innovations of this paper lie in that we introduce Dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DTCWT) in data fusion and divide an image to several regions before image fusion. DTCWT refers to a new type of wavelet transform, and it is designed to solve the problem of signal decomposition and reconstruction based on two parallel transforms of real wavelet. We utilize DTCWT to segment the features of the input images and generate a region map, and then exploit normalized Shannon entropy of a region to design the priority function. To test the effectiveness of our proposed multi-sensor image fusion algorithm, four standard pairs of images are used to construct the dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve high accuracy in multi-sensor image fusion, especially for images of oil exploration.
Fibroblast growth factor-23 concentrations in polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Kan Seyfullah , Kızılgül Muhammed , Çulha Cavit , Arslan Müyesser Sayki , Apaydın Mahmut , Çalışkan Mustafa , Demirci Taner , Çelik Bülent , Çakal Erman 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Objective
This study was designed to compare the serum concentrations of Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) among patients with PCOS and healthy subjects and to evaluate the relation between the hormonal and metabolic parameters.

Methods
Forty patients with PCOS were compared with 40 healthy individuals in a case-control study design. The Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group 2003 guideline criteria were used in the diagnosis of PCOS. Serum intact FGF23 concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results
Mean serum FGF23 concentrations were similar between PCOS group and control group (19.73±16.75 pg/mL and 17.20±9.26 pg/mL, p>0.05). Waist circumference, hip circumference, total testosterone, Ferriman-Gallwey (FG) score and hsCRP were significantly higher in the PCOS group (p<0.001). The concentrations of LH, DHEA-S, FSH, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HOMA-IR were significantly higher in the PCOS group when compared to control group (p<0.05). FGF23 concentrations did not correlate with BMI, fasting glucose and insulin, HOMA-IR and lipid parameters.

Conclusions
FGF23 concentrations were similar in the PCOS group compared with the non-PCOS control group. The present findings may suggest that FGF23 is not a useful marker of metabolic disturbances including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and obesity in PCOS.
Three-Component Generalisation of Burgers Equation and Its Bi-Hamiltonian Structures
Authors: Liu Wei , Geng Xianguo , Xue Bo 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
A hierarchy of three-component generalisation of Burgers equation, which is associated with a 3×3 matrix eigenvalue problem, is generated by using the zero-curvature equation. By means of the trace identity, the bi-Hamiltonian structures of this hierarchy are constructed. Moreover, the infinite conservation laws for the hierarchy are obtained with the aid of spectral parameter expansion.
Peripheral Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) Modulates Amyloid Pathology by Regulating Blood-Derived Immune Cells and Glial Response in the Brain of AD/TNF Transgenic Mice
Authors: Paouri Evi , Tzara Ourania , Kartalou Georgia-Ioanna , Zenelak Sofia , Georgopoulos Spiros 
Published: April 2017

Increasing evidence has suggested that systemic inflammation along with local brain inflammation can play a significant role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Identifying key molecules that regulate the crosstalk between the immune and the CNS can provide potential therapeutic targets. TNF-α is a proinflammatory cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and AD. Recent studies have reported that anti-TNF-α therapy or RA itself can modulate AD pathology, although the underlying mechanism is unclear. To investigate the role of peripheral TNF-α as a mediator of RA in the pathogenesis of AD, we generated double-transgenic 5XFAD/Tg197 AD/TNF mice that develop amyloid deposits and inflammatory arthritis induced by human TNF-α (huTNF-α) expression. We found that 5XFAD/Tg197 mice display decreased amyloid deposition, compromised neuronal integrity, and robust brain inflammation characterized by extensive gliosis and elevated blood-derived immune cell populations, including phagocytic macrophages and microglia. To evaluate the contribution of peripheral huTNF-α in the observed brain phenotype, we treated 5XFAD/Tg197 mice systemically with infliximab, an anti-huTNF-α antibody that does not penetrate the blood–brain barrier and prevents arthritis. Peripheral inhibition of huTNF-α increases amyloid deposition, rescues neuronal impairment, and suppresses gliosis and recruitment of blood-derived immune cells, without affecting brain huTNF-α levels. Our data report, for the first time, a distinctive role for peripheral TNF-α in the modulation of the amyloid phenotype in mice by regulating blood-derived and local brain inflammatory cell populations involved in β-amyloid clearance.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMounting evidence supports the active involvement of systemic inflammation, in addition to local brain inflammation, in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. TNF-α is a pluripotent cytokine that has been independently involved in the pathogenesis of systemic inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and AD. Here we first demonstrate that manipulation of peripheral TNF-α in the context of arthritis modulates the amyloid phenotype by regulating immune cell trafficking in the mouse brain. Our study suggests that additionally to its local actions in the AD brain, TNF-α can also indirectly modulate amyloid pathology as a regulator of peripheral inflammation. Our findings may have significant implications in the treatment of RA patients with anti-TNF-α drugs and in the potential use of TNF-targeted therapies for AD.
Gene body DNA methylation conspires with H3K36me3 to preclude aberrant transcription
Authors: Teissandier Aurélie , Bourc'his Déborah 
Published: April 2017

DNA methylation of promoters is well known for its repressive effect on transcription initiation of protein‐coding genes, non‐coding RNAs, or transposon repeats. However, gene bodies represent the most conserved targets of DNA methylation among eukaryotes, and yet the function of intragenic methylation remains unclear. Recent research (Neri et al, ) suggests that intragenic methylation may serve to confine transcription initiation to canonical promoters in embryonic stem cells, thus preventing the production of aberrant transcripts.
O testemunho no romance A costa dos murmúrios, de Lidia Jorge
Authors: Porto Marisel Valerio , Martins Aulus Mandagará 
Published: April 2017

O artigo tem por objetivo investigar o teor testemunhal da narrativa A costa dos murmúrios, da escritora portuguesa Lídia Jorge. Para tanto, conta-se com o aporte teórico do conceito de testemunho para verificar em que medida a narrativa apreende uma determinada experiência em relação à Guerra Colonial moçambicana.********************************************************************Testimony in the novel A costa dos murmúrios, by Lidia JorgeAbstract: The purpose of this article is to investigate the testimonial tenor of the narrative A costa dos murmúrios, by the portuguese writer Lídia Jorge. For this we have the testemony notion as theoretical contribution to verify to what extent the narrative seizes a particular experience in relation to Mozambican Colonial War.Keywords: literature; testimony; A costa dos Murmúrios; Lidia Jorge.
Mujeres, noviazgo y trabajo. Una experiencia en la provincia de Buenos Aires, 1906-1910
Authors: De Paz Trueba Yolanda , Bracamonte Lucía 
Published: April 2017

Durante el siglo XIX y en los albores del XX, la escritura de cartas fue el medio más difundido para establecer comunicación con personas a la distancia, pese a lo cual, cuando hablamos de la escritura epistolar de entonces, tendemos a pensar en mujeres de la élite que tenían acceso a cierta educación. Sin embargo, existen indicios de que escribir cartas era también una práctica de la clase trabajadora, como lo demuestra el caso de Rosa, la protagonista de la historia que nos proponemos contar aquí. De este modo, el presente artículo se basa en un corpus documental que implica un desafío: partir de un conjunto de cartas de amor producidas por una mujer trabajadora, buscando por su intermedio adentrarnos en una relación entre dos personas y avanzar al mismo tiempo en otras direcciones. Pretendemos ir más allá de esa dimensión y de la vida privada para estar atentas a las concepciones y experiencias en torno al noviazgo y el matrimonio.En síntesis, buscamos, a través de Rosa, una mujer de la clase trabajadora del interior de la provincia de Buenos Aires, pensar en el amor como experiencia.
Estadísticas sociodemográficas de los estudiantes de la segunda enseñanza pública. Costa Rica (1913-1953). Una contribución documental
Authors: Molina Jiménez Iván 
Published: April 2017

En este artículo, se compilan, se sistematizan y se ordenan un conjunto de estadísticas sobre los estudiantes que asistían a los colegios públicos en Costa Rica en el período 1913-1953. La información que se presenta es útil para analizar las características sociodemográficas de los jóvenes que continuaban su educación más allá de la escuela primaria. Los datos están ordenados según los siguientes criterios: edad, origen geográfico, nacionalidad, lugar de residencia, ocupación de los padres, condición socio-familiar, becas y exenciones de matrícula, aspiraciones y motivos, procedencia institucional, y estudios posteriores y de puestos públicos.
El gasto militar del Estado costarricense, 1821-1870.
Authors: Corella Ovares Esteban 
Published: April 2017

El presente artículo examina la relación entre los gastos militares del Estado costarricense y la conformación de una Hacienda Pública, durante las primeras cinco décadas de vida independiente. Durante ese período se dio un crecimiento importante de las fuerzas militares, y en consecuencia de los recursos económicos asignados a éstas por parte de las autoridades. La construcción de los mecanismos para obtener, administrar y gastar esos recursos económicos favoreció la consolidación del Estado moderno en Costa Rica.
La Educación inclusiva en la realidad educativa chilena
Authors: Vásquez Burgos Karina , Mancilla Guzmán Carlos Ángel , Muñoz Cárdenas Victor Daniel , Obreque Jara Jesse Andrés 
Published: April 2017

<p>La presente revisión teórica pretende dar a conocer la realidad chilena actual sobre el cambio curricular, que apunta a una visión inclusiva de la educación. Este estudio se realizó por medio de una revisión bibliográfica del contexto en la cual se encuentra la educación chilena y su relación con las Necesidades Educativas Especiales, a través de un análisis educativo de la legislación y el curriculum educativo, destacando aspectos fundamentales sobre una estructura metodológica diversificada. Se concluye con una visualización sobre el cambio en la legislación y los factores que son relevantes para una educación diversificada, inclusiva y para todos los estudiantes. </p>