bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of zinc and copper oxide nanoparticles as heat and corrosion-resistant pigments in paint formulations
Authors: El-Wahab H. Abd , Alenezy Ebtsam K , Omer Noha , Abdelaziz Mahmoud A. , Jame Rasha , Alshareef Shareefa Ahmed , Owda M. E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study focuses on the synthesis of zinc and copper oxide nanoparticles using green methods by plant extracts. The resulting metal oxides were analyzed using FT-IR spectroscopy, TGA, TEM, zeta potential and assessed for their efficacy as pigments based on properties such as Hydrogen Ion Concentration, Oil absorption, Moisture Content, Fineness of grinding, Bleeding, and loss on ignition. The results confirmed that the prepared ZnO and CuO nanoparticles exhibited the formation of nanoparticles in the range of 10–40 nm with potential as pigments. Two paint formulations incorporating these nanoparticles and silicon resins as binders were tested for physico-mechanical attributes, chemical resistance, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance of the dry paint films. The study found that the films containing the prepared oxides demonstrated excellent performance, with no damage or color alteration observed after exposure to temperatures up to 500 °C. Moreover, the paint films containing ZnO nanoparticles showed superior efficiency after a 500 h salt spray test compared to those with CuO nanoparticles. These findings suggest that the synthesized mixed oxide nanoparticles are promising candidates for heat-resistant pigment applications.
Acquisition of durable insulin-producing cells from human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells as a foundation for cell- based therapy of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Nour Eldeen Ghada , Aglan Hadeer A. , Mahmoud Nadia S. , Abdel Rasheed Mazen , Azmy Osama M. , Ahmed Hanaa H. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to identify the suitable induction protocol to produce highly qualified insulin producing cells (IPCs) from human adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADSCs) and evaluate the efficacy of the most functionally IPCs in management of diabetes mellitus (DM) in rats. The ADSCs were isolated and characterized according to the standard guidelines. ADSCs were further induced to be IPCs in vitro using three different protocols. The success of trans-differentiation was assessed in vitro through analysis of pancreatic endocrine genes expression, and insulin release in response to glucose stimulation. Then, the functionalization of the generated IPCs was evaluated in vivo. The in vitro findings revealed that the laminin-coated plates in combination with insulin-transferrin-selenium, B27, N2, and nicotinamide could efficiently up-regulate the expression of pancreatic endocrine genes. The in vivo study indicated effectual homing of the PKH-26-labelled IPCs in the pancreas of treated animals. Moreover, IPCs infusion in diabetic rats induced significant improvement in the metabolic parameters and prompted considerable up-regulation in the expression of the pancreatic related genes. The regenerative effect of infused IPCs was determined through histological examination of pancreatic tissue. Conclusively, the utilization of laminin–coated plates in concomitant with extrinsic factors promoting proliferation and differentiation of ADSCs could efficiently generate functional IPCs.
Serum proteomic changes related to residual impairment in remittent depression are associated with immune and inflammatory processes
Authors: Lee Seungyeon , Mun Sora , Joo Eun-Jeong , Yun Yeeun , Kang Hee-Gyoo , Lee Jiyeong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn patients with major depressive disorder, various functional areas are impaired, negatively impacting the quality of life. Remission can restore pre-depression functions; however, some patients may still have residual impairments. Distinguishing between near-normal recovery and residual impairment helps identify those at a high risk of relapse risk and helps tailor treatment. Accordingly, we aimed to discover and validate biomarkers that distinguish between near-normal recovery and residual impairment in remission states through serum proteome analysis. Pooled serum and individual serum samples from three groups (depression status, remission status with residual impairment, and remission status with normal recovery) were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The combination of four proteins—antithrombin-III, serum amyloid A4 protein, C1q subcomponent subunit B, and serum amyloid P-component—was selected as a candidate biomarker. The trend of protein changes suggests complement C1q subcomponent subunit B and serum amyloid P-component as potential biomarkers for distinguishing remission from residual impairment. Changes in complement C1q subcomponent subunit B and serum amyloid P-component suggest that the complement system and inflammation-related immune mechanisms are associated with residual impairment in remittent major depressive disorder.
Thalamo-cortical neural mechanism of sodium salicylate-induced hyperacusis and anxiety-like behaviors
Authors: Chen Jingyu , Wang Xueru , Li Zijie , Yuan Hui , Wang Xuejiao , Yun Yang , Wu Xu , Yang Pingting , Qin Ling 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTinnitus has been identified as a potential contributor to anxiety. Thalamo-cortical pathway plays a crucial role in the transmission of auditory and emotional information, but its casual link to tinnitus-associated anxiety remains unclear. In this study, we explore the neural activities in the thalamus and cortex of the sodium salicylate (NaSal)-treated mice, which exhibit both hyperacusis and anxiety-like behaviors. We find an increase in gamma band oscillations (GBO) in both auditory cortex (AC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC), as well as phase-locking between cortical GBO and thalamic neural activity. These changes are attributable to a suppression of GABAergic neuron activity in thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN), and optogenetic activation of TRN reduces NaSal-induced hyperacusis and anxiety-like behaviors. The elevation of endocannabinoid (eCB)/ cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) transmission in TRN contributes to the NaSal-induced abnormalities. Our results highlight the regulative role of TRN in the auditory and limbic thalamic-cortical pathways.
Convergent evolution links molybdenum insertase domains with organism-specific sequences
Authors: Rabenow Miriam , Haar Eduard , Schmidt Katharina , Hänsch Robert , Mendel Ralf R. , Oliphant Kevin D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn all domains of life, the biosynthesis of the pterin-based Molybdenum cofactor (Moco) is crucial. Molybdenum (Mo) becomes biologically active by integrating into a unique pyranopterin scaffold, forming Moco. The final two steps of Moco biosynthesis are catalyzed by the two-domain enzyme Mo insertase, linked by gene fusion in higher organisms. Despite well-understood Moco biosynthesis, the evolutionary significance of Mo insertase fusion remains unclear. Here, we present findings from Neurospora crassa that shed light on the critical role of Mo insertase fusion in eukaryotes. Substituting the linkage region with sequences from other species resulted in Moco deficiency, and separate expression of domains, as seen in lower organisms, failed to rescue deficient strains. Stepwise truncation and structural modeling revealed a crucial 20-amino acid sequence within the linkage region essential for fungal growth. Our findings highlight the evolutionary importance of gene fusion and specific sequence composition in eukaryotic Mo insertases.
Phase-separated polymer blends for controlled drug delivery by tuning morphology
Authors: Olsson Martina , Storm Robin , Björn Linnea , Lilja Viktor , Krupnik Leonard , Chen Yang , Naidjonoka Polina , Diaz Ana , Holler Mirko , Watts Benjamin , Larsson Anette , Liebi Marianne , Matic Aleksandar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractControlling drug release rate and providing physical and chemical stability to the active pharmaceutical ingredient are key properties of oral solid dosage forms. Here, we demonstrate a formulation strategy using phase-separated polymer blends where the morphology provides a route for tuning the drug release profile. By utilising phase separation of a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic polymer, the hydrophilic component will act as a channelling agent, creating a porous network upon dissolution that will dictate the release characteristics. With ptychographic X-ray tomography and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy we reveal how the morphology depends on both polymer fraction and presence of drug, and how the drug is distributed over the polymer domains. Combining X-ray imaging results with dissolution studies reveal how the morphologies are correlated with the drug release and showcase how tuning the morphology of a polymer matrix in oral formulations can be utilised as a method for controlled drug release.
Loss of vimentin expression in preoperative biopsies independently predicts poor prognosis, lymph node metastasis and recurrence in endometrial cancer
Authors: Hjelmeland Marta E. , Lien Hilde E. , Berg Hege F. , Woie Kathrine , Werner Henrica M. J. , Amant Frédéric , Haldorsen Ingfrid S. , Trovik Jone , Krakstad Camilla 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Precise preoperative risk classification of endometrial cancer is crucial for treatment decisions. Existing clinical markers often fail to accurately predict lymph node metastasis and recurrence risk. Loss of vimentin expression has emerged as a potential marker for predicting recurrence in low-risk endometrial cancer patients. We assessed whether vimentin expression in preoperative biopsies predicts poor prognosis and lymph node metastasis in a large multicentre cohort.

Methods
Vimentin expression was evaluated using immunohistochemistry in 1483 patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer across 14 hospitals in Europe. Expression levels of vimentin were analyzed in conjunction with clinical characteristics for predicting disease-specific survival and lymph node metastases.

Results
Vimentin loss was significantly associated with aggressive disease and poor survival. Adjusted for clinicopathological variables, vimentin remained independently prognostic with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.68 (95% CI 1.16–2.42, P = 0.006). Vimentin expression remained independently prognostic in endometrioid endometrial cancer- and FIGO staged 1 patient. Interestingly, vimentin loss independently predicted lymph node metastases, with an HR of 1.83 (95% CI 1.13–2.95, P = 0.014).

Conclusions
Loss of vimentin in preoperative biopsies serves as an independent predictor of poor prognosis and lymph node metastases. Incorporating vimentin as a clinical marker can improve risk stratification and treatment decisions.
“Ask” or “Inquire”: operationalizing speech formality in psychosis and its risk states using etymology
Authors: Cotter Matthew , McGowan Alessia , Bilgrami Zarina , Sarac Cansu , Bayer Johanna , Spark Jessica , Krcmar Marija , Formica Melanie , Gwyther Kate , Hartmann Jessica , Shuster Sophia , Selloni Alexandria , Shah Jai , Herrera Shaynna N. , McGorry Patrick , Yung Alison R. , Nelson Barnaby , Mizrahi Romina , Cecchi Guillermo , Heisig Stephen , Srivastava Agrima , Corcoran Cheryl M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMany individuals with psychotic symptoms have less complex language than healthy individuals. Word etymology is a lexical feature that has not yet been studied in clinical populations, but among healthy individuals, words of Old French origin are chosen over Germanic-origin words to convey formality (e.g. “inquire” vs. “ask”). Differences in language complexity among individuals with psychotic symptoms may relate to differences in etymological content in speech. Here, we determined the proportion of Germanic-origin word use and Old-French-origin word use in a large cohort of individuals with recent-onset psychosis or at clinically high risk for psychosis, hypothesizing that individuals with recent onset psychosis would have increased use of Germanic-origin words and decreased use of Old-French-origin words. This hypothesis was borne out, even after adjusting for sex, age, recruitment site, education, racial identity, and for a subset, IQ. Etymology proportions were associated with role but not social functioning in individuals with psychotic symptoms, consistent with the premise that they reflect speech formality. Understanding speech differences in the psychosis spectrum through the lens of etymology may lead to new interventions to improve role functioning.
Reduction in size of digital images: does it lead to less detectability or loss of diagnostic information?
Authors: Versteeg C H , Sanderink G C , Lobach S R , van der Stelt P F 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES
To analyse the effect of reduction in size of digital images on diagnostic outcome.

METHODS
A series of 100 Visualix III (Gendex Dental Systems, Milano, Italy; Dentsply, Des Plaines, IL, USA) images was made of size 10 and 15 endodontic files in upper and lower (pre)molars. Three forms of image were created: (a) the original images, (b) reduced to one-half (containing one-quarter of the information of the original, and (c) zoomed-in, half-size images (magnification 2:1; original image size but with only one-quarter of the original information). Seven radiologists were asked to rate the position of the tip of the file, using a five-point confidence scale. ROC data were analysed by means of MANOVA statistics.

RESULTS
A significant difference was found between the three image modalities for both size 10 (P &lt; 0.005), and size 15 (P &lt; 0.021) files.

CONCLUSIONS
Reduction in size of digital images may cause less detectability as well as loss of diagnostic information.
An evaluation of periapical radiography with a charge-coupled device
Authors: Versteeg C H , Sanderink G C , van Ginkel F C , van der Stelt P F 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES
To compare the standards of periapical radiography with a CCD-image receptor with film.

METHODS
Three radiography technicians exposed a total of fifty teeth from all areas of the jaws using either size 1 or size 2 film and the Sidexis (Siemens, Bensheim, Germany) direct digital dental radiography system with the appropriate film holders. Image quality was assessed by two dental radiologists for nine individual criteria and overall, on a three-point scale.

RESULTS
There was a significant difference between film and sensor exposures (P &lt; 0.014). Six per cent of dental films required retakes compared with 28% with the sensor.

CONCLUSION
Periapical radiography with a CCD sensor leads to more errors and thus more retakes than conventional film.
Sialographic characterization of the normal parotid gland of the miniature pig
Authors: Wang S L , Li J , Zhu X Z , Sun K , Liu X Y , Zhang Y G 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE
To characterize the structure of the parotid gland of the miniature pigs (minipig).

METHODS
Sialographic, anatomical, histological and ultrastructural studies of the parotid gland were performed on 11 minipigs.

RESULTS
Sialograms showed a long main duct and a triangular shaped gland. All branching ducts extended from the inferior-posterior margin of the main duct. No accessory glands were found. Typical serous acini were found microscopically and histochemically.

CONCLUSION
This study provides basic structural information on the parotid gland of the minipig.
Fibrodysplasia ossificans circumscripta of the masseter muscle
Authors: Geist J R , Bhatti P , Plezia R A , Wesley R K 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans circumscripta (FOC) is a lesion characterized by localized calcification of the investing fascia of skeletal muscle. It is often related to repeated trauma and was formerly known as traumatic myositis ossificans. Surgical procedures involving muscles are also believed to be a factor in the origin of the lesion. When FOC develops in the muscles of mastication it can lead to severe trismus. A case is reported of FOC in the left masseter muscle of a 44-year-old man who presented with marked limitation of opening. It was believed that previous fractures of the left maxilla and mandible and/or the subsequent surgical treatments were responsible for the onset of FOC. The radiographic and microscopic features of FOC are discussed in relation to recent theories on the etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of the lesion.
Prevalence of taurodontism in Jordanian dental patients
Authors: Darwazeh A M , Hamasha A A , Pillai K 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES
To assess the prevalence of taurodontism in a group of Jordanian adult dental patients.

METHODS
Posterior periapical radiographs of 875 unselected dental patients were examined for the presence of taurodontism defined as the presence of an apically displaced pulp chamber without the usual constriction at the cemento-enamel junction.

RESULTS
Taurodontism was detected in 8% of subjects and 4.4% of the teeth examined. The maxillary second molar was the most commonly affected tooth. It was equally distributed between males and females (7.9% compared with 8.1% respectively, P &gt; 0.05). 26.7% of the taurodont teeth also had pulp stones or calcifications.

CONCLUSION
Taurodontism is not uncommon in Jordan but further larger scale studies are required to assess its prevalence in the general population to compare it with other ethnic groups.
Evaluation of a new radiographic technique: outcome following removal of mandibular third molars
Authors: Wenzel A , Aagaard E , Sindet-Pedersen S 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE
To compare the effect on outcome of third molar removal of pre-operative radiographic assessment by two different techniques.

METHODS
Two hundred and sixty three patients were allocated prior to surgery to one of two diagnostic groups. One hundred and thirty-seven were examined by the Scanora and 126 by a panoramic plus three intra-oral radiographs. Ten oral surgeons recorded their operating time in minutes. Postoperative pain was recorded 4 h after the operation by the patients on a Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The following clinical parameters were recorded at the 1-week postoperative examination: alveolitis, bleeding, and swelling related to the operation area, and any other complications such as paresthesia, nausea and trismus.

RESULTS
There was no significant difference in operation time between the two groups of patients (t-test; P &gt; 0.82) nor in the frequency of immediate postoperative pain (chi 2-test; P &gt; 0.5). There were no statistically significant differences in pain score between patients who experienced pain in the two groups (P = 0.10). Sixty-four patients experienced one or more postoperative complications, but the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant (chi 2-test; P &gt; 0.05). There were no significant differences between the surgeons in the number of patients they operated on who experienced pain (chi 2-test; P = 0.18) or who developed complications (chi 2-test; P = 0.27).

CONCLUSION
There are no adverse effects on the rate of postoperative complications when surgeons with little experience with it base their diagnosis and treatment plan on Scanora compared with conventional radiography.
Effects of calibration and automatic greyscale adjustment on detectability of simulated bone lesions using a storage phosphor system
Authors: Versteeg C H , Sanderink G C , van Ginkel F C , van der Stelt P F 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES
To analyse the interaction of calibration, automatic greyscale adjustment and X-ray exposure on the evaluation of simulated bone lesions with the Digora (Orion Corporation Soredex, Helsinki, Finland) storage phosphor system.

METHODS
Exposures were made under five conditions based on the exposure time for Ektaspeed Plus film: A-calibration exposure 100%, exposure 100%; B-calibration exposure 100%, exposure 50%; C-calibration exposure 100%, exposure 10%; D-calibration exposure 50%, exposure 50%; E-calibration exposure 10%, exposure 10%. Series of images of artificial bone lesions were created each representing one of the five conditions, with or without automatic greyscale adjustment and including one of two lesion sizes. The series were evaluated by seven expert radiologists. Results were analysed by means of MANOVA statistics.

RESULTS
The large lesions were evaluated significantly better than the small lesions (P &lt; 0.011). The two 10% exposure conditions were evaluated significantly worse than the other three (P &lt; 0.029) which had comparable results. Automatic greyscale adjustment had no significant effect (P &gt; 0.253).

CONCLUSIONS
The Digora should be calibrated for the highest exposure to be used to optimize the wide latitude. Automatic greyscale adjustment is not useful for the detection of simulated bone lesions.
Computed tomography in the diagnosis of maxillofacial mass lesions in younger children
Authors: Kurabayashi T , Ida M , Yoshimasu H , Yoshino N , Sasaki T 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the CT findings of maxillofacial mass lesions in younger children and to discuss the effectiveness of CT in their differential diagnosis.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
CT findings of 17 patients (age range, 0 years 5 months to 3 years 3 months) with histopathologically proven maxillofacial mass lesions were retrospectively evaluated. About two-thirds (11/17) comprised congenital lesions or more common lesions in infancy or younger children.

RESULTS
Hemangiomas, dermoid cysts and ranulas in this age group presented characteristic CT findings in common with those occurring in adults. Two invasive lesions (melanotic neuroectodermal tumor and aggressive fibromatosis) had irregular margins and the latter also showed aggressive bone destruction. Two angiomas had irregular margins. A fibrosarcoma showed expansile bone destruction but had a regular margin.

CONCLUSION
CT was useful in demonstrating the extent of maxillofacial mass lesions in children and for surgical treatment planning. Although some invasive lesions could be correctly diagnosed on the basis of CT, its diagnostic value in differentiating malignant from benign maxillofacial lesions in younger children was limited.
Radiographic study of the mental foramen in a selected Saudi population
Authors: al Jasser N M , Nwoku A L 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES
To determine the most common position of the mental foramen in a selected Saudi population and to compare the results with those reported for other populations.

METHODS
Four hundred and fourteen panoramic radiographs of a Saudi population from four different dental centres were studied.

RESULTS
The commonest position of the mental foramen was in line with the longitudinal axis of the second premolar (45.3%) followed closely by location between the first and second premolars (42.7%). The mental foramen was symmetrical in 80% of patients.

CONCLUSION
Clinicians should expect to find the position of the mental foramen to be symmetrical and in line with the second premolar teeth.