bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A proximal iteratively regularized
Gauss–Newton method for nonlinear inverse problems
Authors: Fu Hongsun , Liu Hongbo , Han Bo , Yang Yu , Hu Yi 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
In this paper we discuss the construction, convergence analysis, and implementation of
a proximal iteratively regularized Gauss–Newton method for the solution of nonlinear inverse problems with a
specific regularization that linearly combines the

L
2

{L^{2}}

-norm and

L
1

{L^{1}}

-norm penalties.
This regularization combines two very powerful features:
the advantages of

L
1

{L^{1}}

-norm based penalty which impose less smoothing on the reconstruction parameter,
and the general

L
2

{L^{2}}

-norm stabilizing term which can lead to smaller errors in some cases.
However, non-linearity and non-smoothness of the problem make it challenging to find an efficient numerical solution.
By using the proximal mapping, we derive a generalization of the iteratively
regularized Gauss–Newton algorithm to handle such nonsmooth objective functions.
Analysis on local convergence is carried out in the presence of observation noise. Parameter identification in numerical simulations of partial differential equations demonstrates the efficiency of the proposed method.
Risky drinking among Norwegian students: associations with participation in the introductory week, academic performance and alcohol-related attitudes
Authors: Myrtveit Solbjørg Makalani , Askeland Kristin Gärtner , Knudsen Ann Kristin , Knapstad Marit , Skogen Jens Christoffer 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAIMS – Substantial increase in heavy drinking upon transition from high school to college is common. Norwegian universities and university colleges arrange yearly introductory weeks to welcome new students. It has been questioned whether these events are too centered on alcohol. We aimed to investigate whether participation in the introductory week is associated with risky drinking (RD). We further aimed to investigate whether RD is associated with academic performance. Finally, we investigated whether alcohol-related attitudes are associated with both RD and introductory week participation. DESIGN – Data from the Norwegian study of students’ health and well-being (SHoT, 2014, n=13,663) were used. The odds ratio (OR) of RD was calculated for individuals having participated in the introductory week compared to others. Different measures of academic performance (having failed exams, study progression and study-related self-efficacy (SRSE)) were compared between individuals reporting RD compared to others. The association between attitudes and participation in the event and RD was investigated. RESULTS – Individuals having participated in the introductory week are more likely to report RD (OR (95%CI) = 2.41 (2.12-2.74)). Individuals reporting RD report lower SRSE and are more likely to have failed exams more than once. Study progression is unassociated with RD. Liberal alcohol-related attitudes are associated with participation in the event and RD. CONCLUSIONS – RD among students is associated with participation in the introductory week and with poorer academic performance. The university introductory week might be in danger of excluding individuals who do not drink much, or of promoting an unhealthy drinking culture among students.
Soil heat flux and air temperature as factors of radon (Rn-222) concentration in the near-ground air layer
Authors: Podstawczyńska Agnieszka , Pawlak Włodzimierz 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA unique, highly time-resolved, and synchronous three-year dataset of near-surface atmospheric radon-222 as well as soil heat flux and air temperature measurements at two sites (rural and urban) in Central Poland are investigated. The recognition of temporal variability of Rn-222 and selected meteorological variables in the urban and rural areas served to create two statistical models for estimation of this radionuclide concentration at 2 m a.g.l. The description of the relationships between the variables for individual months was established on the basis of an exponential function and an exponential function with time derivative of predictor to account for the hysteresis issue. The model with time derivative provided better results. The weakest fitting of modelled data to empirical ones is observed for the winter months. During subsequent seasons, air temperature as well as QG-driven (soil heat flux) models exhibited very high agreement with the empirical data (MBE, RMSE, MAE, and ‘index of agreement’ by Willmott were used to evaluate the models). A restriction in the use of QG for Rn-222 concentration was observed only in winter in the case of snow cover occurrence, which reduces the daily QG variability.
Outdoor 222Rn behaviour in different areas of Slovakia
Authors: Holý Karol , Műllerová Monika , Bulko Martin , Holá Oľga , Melicherová Terézia 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Radon activity concentration (RAC) in the outdoor atmosphere was monitored in four localities of Slovakia. The distance between the localities were up to 130 km. The localities had a diverse orography, ranging from flatland to hilly terrain. A significant influence of orography and 226Ra and 222Rn content in soil on diurnal time series of RAC was found. A simple approach of determining radon exhalation rate from soil based on the increase of RAC from daily minima to maxima and removal characteristic of radon is presented. A linear dependency between radon exhalation rate from the soil and RAC in the soil gas at a depth of 0.8 m was found for sandy soils.
Analysis of simultaneous time series of indoor, outdoor and soil air radon concentrations, meteorological and seismic data
Authors: Janik Mirosław , Bossew Peter 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
It is well known that the temporal dynamic of indoor and outdoor radon concentrations show complex patterns, which are partly not easy to interpret. Clearly, for physical reasons, they must be related to possibly variable conditions of radon generation, migration and atmospheric dispersion and accumulation. The aim of this study was to analyse long-time series of simultaneously measured indoor and outdoor radon concentrations, together with environmental quantities, which may act as control variables of Rn. The study was performed in Chiba, Japan, using two ionization chambers for parallel indoor and outdoor radon concentrations measurements over 4 years. Meteorological and seismic data were obtained from the Japan Metrological Agency (JMA).
The characteristics of radon and thoron concentration from soil gas in Shenzhen City of Southern China
Authors: Wang Nanping , Zheng Ling , Chu Xingming , Li Shijun , Yan Shouliang 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) from soil gas are very significant factors that can affect the indoor radon level in the first floor or in the basement. China is one of the countries with the highest thorium content in the world. Therefore, it is very significant to study 222Rn/220Rn concentration in the soil in Shenzhen City (SC). A 222Rn/220Rn survey was performed using a portable radon monitor (model RAD7) at 69 sites, covered a total area of 1800 km2 in 2013 to get the original data for radon risk estimation in SC. The average values of 222Rn and 220Rn concentration of soil gas of the total 69 locations are 86 ± 72 kBq·m−3 and 118 ± 85 kBq·m−3, respectively. 222Rn/220Rn concentrations are related to geological lithology. 222Rn concentrations vary from 40 to 370 kBq·m−3 and from 15 to 118 kBq·m−3 in weathered granite products and sediments, respectively, while 220Rn concentrations are from 103 to 435 kBq·m−3 and 2.2 to 96 kBq·m−3. The higher 220Rn values were mainly observed at the sites covered by the weathered granite products. Comparing with the areas of high 222Rn concentration, the areas of high 220Rn values are larger. The distribution of 222Rn concentration in the vertical direction displays an exponential distribution mode, but there is no rule of 220Rn concentration. The investigation suggests that people should pay attention to 220Rn contribution in the radon mapping of SC, as well as in the indoor radon survey.
The natural radioactivity of the Carpathian national parks and radon evaluation
Authors: Maslyuk Volodymyr T. , Symkanich Olesya I. , Svatyuk Natalya I. , Parlag Oleg O. , Sukharev Sergij M. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The results of the low-background gamma spectrometric measurements of protected mountain areas (Zacharovanyy Kray, Chorne Bahno, Ihthyological Preserve Rika and Uzhanskij National Natural Park) in the region of Primeval Beech Forests of the Transcarpathia, Ukraine, are presented. The distances between sampling points in a single protected area were in the range of 200–400 m in elevation of 300 m; probes were taken from the surface, from depth 20 cm and more than 50 cm. The proposed sampling scheme allows one to investigate the radionuclide concentration in protected area’s soils, their distribution on/near the mountain ridges and migration in depth (0–50 cm). We also investigate the influence the soils’ pH on the contents and the migration of nuclides. The obtained data allow us to study the statistical regularities between the sampling points along and down mountain ridges on the base of their radionuclide content. These results are important for evaluating the radon content/distribution and developing standards in the radionuclide content of the soil Carpathian region.
Thoron emanation and exhalation of Slovenian soils determined by a PIC detector-equipped radon monitor
Authors: Jónás Jácint , Sas Zoltán , Vaupotic Janja , Kocsis Erika , Somlai János , Kovács Tibor 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The health risk from thoron (Rn-220) is usually ignored owing to its short half-life (55.6 s), but the generated thoron decay products can cause a significant dose contribution. In this study, altogether 51 Slovenian soil samples were investigated using an accumulation chamber technique to obtain information about thoron exhalation features. The obtained (massic) thoron exhalation results varied between 6.9 and 149 mBq·kg−1·s−1 (average: 55.2 mBq·kg−1·s−1). The Th-232 content was determined using HPGe gamma spectrometry. The Th-232 activity concentration ranged between 9.3 and 161.7 Bq·kg−1 (average: 64.6 Bq·kg−1). The thoron emanation features were also calculated from the obtained results (2.9 to 21.2% with an average of 8.6%). The thoron exhalation and emanation properties were compared with the radon exhalation and emanation features determined in a previous study. It was found that there was no correlation between the radon and thoron emanation features, according to the obtained data. This can be explained by the different Ra-224 and Ra-226 distributions in the soil grains. As a result, the thoron emanation factor cannot be predicted from radon emanation and vice versa.
Improvement of interlaminar shear strength of 2.5D fabric laminated composites with short-cut web interlayer
Authors: Song Leilei , Li Jialu , Zhao Yufen , Chen Xiaoming , Chen Li 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
In this study, the short-cut web interlayer and three-dimensional (3D) needle-punched technique were used to improve the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of 2.5D fabric laminated composites. The ILSS was measured by the short beam testing method, and the tensile and bending tests were carried out to investigate the in-plane mechanical properties. Observations on microstructure and crack propagation were carried out. The damage mechanisms of different 2.5D fabric laminated composites were analyzed. The results showed that the short-cut web interlayer and 3D needle-punched technique resulted in the improvement of ILSS, and they affected the tensile and bending properties of 2.5D fabric laminated composites.
Recent advances in the manufacturing processes of functionally graded materials: a review
Authors: Parihar Rityuj Singh , Setti Srinivasu Gangi , Sahu Raj Kumar 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are engineered materials that are inhomogeneous and can be purposefully processed to obtain discrete or continuously varying compositions/microstructures over a definable geometrical length. FGMs can be used in a number of applications, such as aircrafts, combustion nozzles, gas turbines, energy conversion cells, biomaterials, etc. The objective of this paper is to review the new developments in production processes and their prospects in the creation of next-generation FGMs. Traditionally, four potential methods were used for fabrications of FGMs, i.e. powder metallurgy, chemical vapor deposition, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, and plasma spraying. Some of the recently developed methods are the cast-decant-cast process, friction stir processing, and laser-engineered net shaping, which are usually cost-effective and used to make a quiet change in properties. An effective production method for conversion of the concept of gradient into practice is still a challenge for the research community. In this paper, research works toward meeting these challenges will be highlighted, and the future scopes of investigation in this area will be explored.
Design and analysis with different substrate materials of a new metamaterial for satellite applications
Authors: Islam Sikder Sunbeam , Rahman Md Atiqur , Faruque Mohammad Rashed Iqbal , Islam Mohammad Tariqul 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we are presenting a new metamaterial unit cell for satellite applications. The unit cell of the metamaterial was designed on FR-4 substrate material. The transmission characteristics of the unit cell display resonance at the frequency of 3.45 GHz of S-band of microwave region, which is usually suited for satellite communications. We did further analysis on the material’s effective medium properties by replacing the substrate material with Rogers RT 6010, lossy polyimide and aluminum nitride substrate materials, and we achieved different promising electromagnetic properties including double negative characteristics within the same band as well. For all these analyses, the popular “CST Microwave Studio” simulation software was adopted. The proposed design gives fine controllability in different types of metamaterial just by changing the substrate material, and all are working in the same S-band microwave spectrum.
Optimization design, manufacturing and mechanical performance of box girder made by carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Yang Bin , Tong Lili , Chea Cheav Por 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Optimization design and manufacturing play an important role in obtaining successful composite structures with high efficiency and safe use of materials. In this paper, we first present the optimization design procedure for a composite box girder by ANSYS parametric design language (APDL) in the ANSYS software. The input parameters used in the simulation work were determined via fundamental experimental tests of composite specimens. Then we manufactured the designed composite box girder by mold-pressing prepreg technology according to the optimization results. The finial composite girder structure composed of arch top, web and bottom composite plate was obtained. The optimization procedure indicated that the use of stiffening plates in a girder could decrease the weight and increase the failure load. The location and ply mode of the stiffening plates in girder were suggested. The three-point-bending test was performed on the girder, and the test indicated that load-carrying capacity in unit mass of the optimized girder was as high as 107.8 N/g. Simulation and experimental results match well, and the maximum and minimum stresses in each layer were within the strength limitation of carbon material after optimized in the procedure.
Contemporary approaches to a pedagogy of process
Authors: Peterson Thomas E. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis essay explores the bases for a process theory of learning applicable across the disciplines in today’s academy. First it traces the modern history of process pedagogy beginning with Kant and leading through Cassirer and Whitehead to an array of contemporary approaches that favor the symbiosis of art and science over the lingering Cartesian dichotomy of “subjective” mental processes and “objective” forms of knowledge. Second, it examines the case of science education, specifically as regards habit formation, ethical instruction, and qualitative research. Thinkers as diverse as Whitehead, Bourdieu, Serres, Latour, and Dewey are seen to oppose the neoscholastic myth of scientific objectivity and favor a language of relations that fosters an “anastomosis” between the disciplines. Lastly, the essay examines the pedagogical role played by logical abduction, as articulated by Peirce and developed further by later scholars. Thus the essay’s three sections – starting with the historical discussion, moving to the field-specific problem of science education, and finally the issue of abductive reasoning – reinforce one another and aim to exemplify the dynamic integration of the general and specific, of mind and nature, that is a goal of process pedagogy.
Seeing through the metaphor: The OECD quality toolbox for early childhood
Authors: Farquhar Sandy , Fitzsimons Peter 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis paper explores the idea of metaphor as a persuasive device, using as an example a recent OECD publication purporting to be a quality toolbox for early childhood education and care. Leaving aside the problematic notion of quality, we argue that there is a serious problem with the idea of education as something that can be done with a toolbox, particularly in the formative stages of young children’s education. We suggest that the OECD selection of the toolbox as a metaphor is a way of inserting international economic imperatives into local government education policy, in ways that the citizenry is not aware of. As with any metaphor for education, the selection highlights some aspects while hiding others, a concealment that can’t be exposed by intensifying one’s gaze without a change in perspective. To examine the extent of what remains hidden by the toolbox, we engage in creative play with some different metaphors for education, arguing that particular metaphors may serve to obfuscate rather than clarify, an artifice that is not acceptable from a body as influential and far-reaching as the OECD.
Aufbau zur flächigen reflektrometrischen Schichtdickenbestimmung von lateral bewegten Schichtsystemen
Authors: Tremmel Anton J. , Rauscher Markus S. , Murr Patrik J. , Schardt Michael , Koch Alexander  W. 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung
Zur flächigen Schichtdickenbestimmung von lateral bewegten Schichtsystemen wurde erstmals ein Messsystem basierend auf dem
reflektometrischen Messprinzip in Kombination mit einem Hyperspektralimager entwickelt. Eine Vorsatzoptik mit integriertem
Auflichtpfad formt eine Messlinie, deren Reflexion am Messobjekt auf den Eingangsspalt des Hyperspektralimagers abgebildet
wird. Aus den spektralen Daten der Reflektanz wird die Schichthöhe jedes örtlich auflösbaren Pixels des zu untersuchenden
Objekts rekonstruiert. Bewegt sich das Messobjekt lateral linear gleichförmig, ergeben zusammengesetzte Messlinien eine
Messfläche.
Simulationsgestützte Optimierung einer Computational-Kamera zur dichten Tiefenschätzung
Authors: Nürnberg Thomas , Zimmermann Christian , Puente León Fernando 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der Ansatz des Computational Imagings bezeichnet bei der Bildgewinnung die Erweiterung der sonst üblicherweise
rein digitalen Signalverarbeitung auf die Optik. Dies eröffnet die Möglichkeit, physikalisch bedingte Barrieren
konventioneller Kameras zu umgehen. Das Raytracing-Verfahren als Simulationsverfahren der Bildgewinnung erlaubt die
einfache und realitätsnahe Simulation neuartiger Kamerakonzepte und hilft dabei, deren Potenzial und Grenzen zu
ermitteln. Dieser Beitrag stellt das Vorgehen zur Simulation und Optimierung einer Computational-Kamera am Beispiel
der dichten Tiefenschätzung nach dem Depth-from-Defocus-Prinzip vor. Das Tiefenschätzverfahren beruht auf der
Bestimmung des Grads der Unschärfe im Bild durch die Schätzung der optischen Übertragungsfunktion mit einer
spektralen Entfaltung. Die Ergebnisse einer simulationsgestützten vollständigen Suche nach rotationssymmetrischen
Blenden zeigen, dass insbesondere ringförmige Blenden eine um bis zu 25% höhere Trennbarkeit
unterschiedlicher Tiefen im Vergleich zu klassischen kreisförmigen Blenden ermöglichen.
30 Jahre Arbeitskreis der Hochschullehrer für Messtechnik e. V. (AHMT)
Authors: Schrüfer Elmar , Tränkler Hans-Rolf 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung
Vom 15. bis 16. September 2016 findet an der Leibniz Universität Hannover das XXX. Messtechnische Symposium des
Arbeitskreises der Hochschullehrer für Messtechnik (AHMT) statt. Gastgeber ist das Institut für Grundlagen der
Elektrotechnik und Messtechnik, Fachgebiet Sensorik und Messtechnik. Aus diesem Anlass soll hier ein Überblick über die
Historie und die Arbeiten des AHMT gegeben werden.
Screening and characterization of thermostable fibrinolytic enzyme from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens EGE-B-2d.1 / Bacillus amyloliquefaciens EGE-B-2d.1’den termostabil fibrinolitik enzimin taranması ve karakterizasyonu
Authors: Slem Birkan , Gezgin Yüksel , Eltem Rengin 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Objective: To screen fibrinolytic enzyme-producing Bacillus isolates (n=210) and to characterize of thermostable fibrinolytic enzyme from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens EGE-B-2d.1 that had the highest level of fibrinolytic activity together with the highest thermostability.
Methods: Firstly, a total of 210 isolates were screened for their fibrinolytic enzyme production. The potent fibrinolytic enzyme producing isolates were evaluated for the thermostability of their fibrinolytic enzymes and one isolate showing prominent fibrinolytic activity was identified as molecular. Fermentation process was carried out on the isolate that had both the highest level of fibrinolytic activity and enzyme thermostability. The thermostable fibrinolytic enzyme from this isolate was then purified and characterized.
Results: The fibrinolytic enzyme activities of 21 Bacillus sp. isolates in Nutrient Yeast Salt Medium were found to be in the range of 0.176-1.734 U/ml. The fibrinolytic activity of the enzyme purified from the culture supernatant of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens EGE-B-2d.1 was relatively stable at pH 7.0-11.0 for 24 h and also showed stability at a temperature of 60°C for 60 min. The enzyme degraded the fibrin clots by direct fibrinolysis. The specific activity and the molecular weight of the purified enzyme were estimated to be 44.46 units/mg protein and 30 kD respectively.
Conclusion: The thermostable fibrinolytic enzyme from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens EGE-B-2d.1 was purified and characterized. This enzyme might also be used as a natural agent for oral fibrinolytic therapy or thrombosis prevention.
First Record of Saga pedo (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) in Muntenia (Southern Romania)
Authors: Iorgu Ionuţ Ştefan , Iorgu Elena Iulia 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Although occupying a vast area, the distribution range of Saga pedo is f ragmented and populations are small, severely threatened by habitat destruction and pollution. In Romania, the species is known to occur in xeric and semi–xeric meadows from Dobrogea, Eastern Moldavia, Transylvania and Banat. During a short trip in late June 2014, we found three nymphs of Saga pedo at Berca Mud Volcanoes, the first record of the species in the historical region of Muntenia (Southern Romania).
Doddiella Kieffer: a Peculiar Genus of Platygastroidea (Hymenoptera), New to the Iranian Fauna
Authors: Fallahzadeh Majid , Popovici Ovidiu 
Published: September 2016

AbstractDoddiella kiefferiPriesner, 1951 (Hymenoptera, Platygastroidea) is here redescribed and illustrated to facilitate its identification. This is the first record of the peculiar genusDoddiellaKieffer, 1913 from Iran. The specimens were collected by Malaise traps from Fars province in southern Iran during 2012 and 2013. Iran is the north–eastern limit in the distribution of this species.