bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baroreceptor stimulation in a patient with preexisting subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator
Authors: Weipert Kay F. , Andrick Jens , Chasan Ritvan , Gemein Christopher , Most Astrid , Hamm Christian W. , Erkapic Damir , Schmitt Joern 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundMany patients with severe heart failure (HF) have an indication for baroreflex activation therapy (BAT) and an implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD). Concerns about device‐device interactions were addressed in a study with small sample size that concluded combined BAT and ICD therapy is safe. There are no published data, however, concerning device‐device interactions between BAT and a subcutaneous ICD (S‐ICD). Since BAT frequently interferes with surface electrocardiogram recordings, there are doubts about compatibility of BAT and S‐ICD devices.Case DescriptionA 54‐year‐old male patient with dilated cardiomyopathy and severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction received an S‐ICD after recurrent systemic infections due to a diabetic foot syndrome, ultimately associated with infective endocarditis. Since medical HF therapy could not be further optimized and the patient presented with persistent cardiac decompensations, he was evaluated for BAT. Preoperatively, the barostim was epicutaneously placed on the patient's thorax with conductive gel in order to evaluate a possible interference with the S‐ICD. Positioning of the barostim in loco typico did not affect the S‐ICD's sensing in any vector. Only positioning of the carotis sinus lead directly upon the S‐ICD lead, which is beyond clinical relevance, lead to missensing. Subsequently, BAT was implanted with successful perioperative testing of the S‐ICD: there was accurate detection of ventricular fibrillation and immediate termination via first shock delivery under maximum barostim output.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, there are no other reports in which a barostim was safely implanted in a patient with a preexisting S‐ICD. Until data with large patient numbers are available, individual perioperative testing is highly recommended.
Automated verification of pulmonary vein isolation in radiofrequency‐ and cryoballoon‐guided ablation
Authors: De Pooter Jan , Phlips Thomas , El Haddad Milad , Van Heuverswyn Frederic , Timmers Liesbeth , Tavernier René , Knecht Sebastien , Vandekerckhove Yves , Duytschaever Mattias 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundVerification of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) can be challenging due to the coexistence of pulmonary vein potentials and far‐field potentials. This study aimed to prospectively validate a novel algorithm for automated verification of PVI in radiofrequency (RF)‐guided and cryoballoon (CB)‐guided ablation strategies.MethodsA data set of 620 (RF: 516 EGMs and CB: 104 EGMs) bipolar electrograms (EGM), recorded by circular mapping catheter placed at the left atrium‐pulmonary vein (PV) junction, were prospectively analyzed by a two‐step algorithm. The algorithm differentiates isolated from nonisolated EGMs based on typology and specific parameters of the bipolar EGMs. EGMs were recorded at baseline and after proven isolation in RF‐ and CB‐guided procedures. Additionally, in the RF group, EGMs during encircling of the PVs were analyzed.ResultsIn the RF and CB group, the algorithm correctly identifies EGMs as isolated or nonisolated with respectively 93% and 96% sensitivity and 86% and 90% specificity. In the RF subgroups of (1) baseline and proven isolated EGMs, (2) EGMs during encircling, and (3) EGMs in redo procedures sensitivity was 96%, 88%, and 100%, respectively, with specificity of 81%, 91%, and 100%. Fourteen out of 14 (100%) reconnected PVs were correctly identified as containing PVPs. Eleven out of 12 (92%) failed freeze attempts were correctly identified as being nonisolated.ConclusionWe validated a two‐step algorithm for automated PVI verification, applicable both for RF‐ and CB‐guided PVI. The algorithm automatically differentiates isolated from nonisolated PVs with high accuracy and without the need for pacing maneuvers.
Contemporary Marian apparitions and devotional cultures
Authors: Krebs Jill M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMarian apparitions and devotions since the early 19th century have been unique enough to consider them on their own terms. In what devotees have dubbed the “Marian Age,” apparitions tend toward conservative politics and messages; a context of struggle; ambiguous attitudes toward modernity, globalization, and technology; and apocalyptic worldviews. Many of these modern apparitions are interconnected, becoming validated through their overlaps, continuities, and congruencies alongside—and often outside—traditional channels of Roman Catholic Church leadership. Apparitions and the devotional cultures associated with them raise for scholars important questions, including the problem of how they should be categorized and studied.
Self‐rated physical fitness and estimated maximal oxygen uptake in relation to all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality
Authors: Solomon A. , Borodulin K. , Ngandu T. , Kivipelto M. , Laatikainen T. , Kulmala J. 
Published: May 2017

This study investigated the longitudinal associations of self‐rated physical fitness and estimated maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) with all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality. A total of 59 741 participants in the Finnish National FINRISK Study Cohort had data on self‐rated physical fitness and covariates. A subsample of 4823 participants had estimated VO2max data. Follow‐up ranged from 3 to 38 years. Associations of self‐rated physical fitness and VO2max with mortality were analyzed using multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. The study showed that poor self‐rated physical fitness was related to all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8‐2.0) and mortality due to cardiovascular (HR 2.0, 95% CI 1.9‐2.2), cerebrovascular (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.6‐2.2) and respiratory diseases (HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.9‐2.4), trauma (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.3‐2.0), infections (HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3‐2.7), dementia (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.6‐2.3), and cancer (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.5‐1.9). Coexisting higher age, physical inactivity, male gender, and severe chronic conditions further increased the risk. In men, higher VO2max was associated with a lower risk of lung cancer mortality (HR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7‐0.96). Based on the results, self‐rated physical fitness reflects a combination of unfavorable biological and lifestyle‐related factors, which increase mortality risk. A simple question about perceived physical fitness may reveal at‐risk individuals who would benefit from more intensive treatment of chronic conditions and other interventions aiming to promote better fitness and well‐being.
Hamstring injury prevention in soccer: Before or after training?
Authors: Lovell R. , Knox M. , Weston M. , Siegler J. C. , Brennan S. , Marshall P. W. M. 
Published: May 2017

We examined the effects of a 12‐week program of Nordic hamstring exercises (NHE), administered before or after football training, upon eccentric hamstring strength, muscle activity, and architectural adaptations. Amateur soccer players were randomized into three groups. The control group (CON; n=11) undertook core stability exercises, whereas a periodized NHE program was delivered either before (NHEBEF; n=10) or after (NHEAFT; n=14) biweekly training sessions. Outcome measures included peak torque and concomitant normalized peak surface electromyography signals (sEMG) of the biceps femoris (BF) and medial hamstring (MH) muscles during knee flexor maximal eccentric contractions, performed at 30°·s−1. Ultrasonography was used to determine BF muscle thickness, muscle fiber pennation angle, and fascicle length. Performing the NHE derived likely moderate peak torque increases in both NHEBEF (+11.9%; 90% confidence interval: 3.6%‐20.9%) and NHEAFT (+11.6%; 2.6%‐21.5%) vs CON. Maximum sEMG increases were moderately greater in the BF of both NHE training groups vs CON. There were likely moderate increases in BF muscle thickness (+0.17 cm; 0.05‐0.29 cm) and likely small pennation angle increases (+1.03°; −0.08° to 2.14°) in NHEAFT vs CON and NHEBEF. BF fascicle length increases were likely greater in NHEBEF (+1.58 cm; 0.48‐2.68 cm; small effect) vs CON and NHEAFT. A 12‐week eccentric hamstring strengthening program increased strength and sEMG to a similar magnitude irrespective of its scheduling relative to the football training session. However, architectural adaptations to support the strength gains differed according to the timing of the injury prevention program.
Toward a social psychology of survey methodology: An application of the approach and directions for the future
Authors: Brenner Philip S. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSurvey methodology is a relatively new academic discipline focused on understanding sources of survey errors. As an interdisciplinary field, survey methodology borrows theoretical approaches from other disciplines and applies them to understand how survey respondents answer questions. One field in particular, cognitive psychology, has played a central role in the development of survey methodology. The cognitive approach has focused researchers' attentions on the sources of error at each stage of the cognitive process respondents use to answer a survey question: comprehension of the question, recollection of relevant information, estimation and judgment, and reporting an answer. Although this focus on the cognitive response process has been positive and fruitful, potentially strong social and interactional influences on the response process have been underinvestigated and undertheorized. Thus, this essay argues for a revitalized research program in the sociological social psychology of survey methodology, given its rich body of theory and research. The current strengths of social psychological and interactional approaches are highlighted, focusing primarily on recent work using identity theory to understand social desirability biases. Finally, potentially fruitful future directions for research are proposed, matching sociological social psychological theories to the survey errors upon which they may shed light.
Mentoring undergraduates in cartography and geographic information science: An apprenticeship model
Authors: Tian Jing 
Published: May 2017

AbstractUndergraduates' participation in research has been demonstrated to contribute to the development of critical, technical thinking and problem‐solving skills, increase confidence, and enhance interest in research and graduate studies. For fields like cartography and geographic information science (GIS), teaching content should be up‐to‐date. Furthermore, practice plays a key role in daily teaching and learning. Therefore, research participation is of great significance for undergraduates majoring in cartography and GIS. Here a mentoring method is proposed for undergraduates, based on the apprenticeship model which combines mentoring functions and styles. Thirty‐one undergraduates were mentored using the method. An evaluation based on objective outcomes and subjective self‐perceptions showed that the mentoring method was effective: 71% of the subjects contributed to at least one peer‐reviewed paper or software program. Possible factors affecting the mentoring results include the length of time the undergraduates were involved in mentorship and engaged in research. The longer the undergraduates participated in the mentorship and the more time they spent on research, the more numerous their achievements. Participants demonstrated significant improvements in the following areas: Changes in attitudes toward learning and research, enhanced career/graduate school preparation and personal gains. Significant differences in “learning ethical conduct” and “professional skills” were observed between genders.
Investigating first‐stage exchange rate pass‐through: Sectoral and macro evidence from euro area countries
Authors: Ben Cheikh Nidhaleddine , Rault Christophe 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we evaluate the first‐stage pass‐through, namely the responsiveness of import prices to the exchange rate changes, for a sample of euro area (EA) countries. Our study aimed to shed further light on the role of microeconomic factors versus macroeconomic factors in influencing the extent of the exchange rate pass‐through (ERPT). As a first step, we conduct a sectoral analysis using disaggregated import prices data. We find a much higher degree of pass‐through for more homogeneous goods and commodities, such as oil and raw materials, than for highly differentiated manufactured products, such as machinery and transport equipment. Our results confirm that cross‐country differences in pass‐through rates may be due to divergences in the product composition of imports. The higher share of imports from sectors with lower degrees of pass‐through, the lower ERPT for an economy will be. In a next step, we investigate for the impact of some macroeconomics factors or common events experienced by EA members on the extent of pass‐through. Using the system generalised method of moments within a dynamic panel‐data model, our estimates indicate that decline of import‐price sensitivity to the exchange rate is not significant since the introduction of the single currency. Our findings suggest instead that the weakness of the euro during the first 3 years of the monetary union significantly raised the extent of the ERPT. This outcome could explain why the sensitivity of import prices has not fallen since 1999. We also point out a significant role played by the inflation in the Eurozone, as the responsiveness of import prices to exchange rate fluctuations tends to decline in a low and more stable inflation environment. Overall, our findings support the view that the extent of pass‐through is comprised of both macro‐ and microeconomic aspects that policymakers should take into account.
A map of the phosphoproteomic alterations that occur after a bout of maximal‐intensity contractions
Authors: Potts Gregory K. , McNally Rachel M. , Blanco Rocky , You Jae‐Sung , Hebert Alexander S. , Westphall Michael S. , Coon Joshua J. , Hornberger Troy A. 
Published: May 2017

Key points
Mechanical signals play a critical role in the regulation of muscle mass, but the molecules that sense mechanical signals and convert this stimulus into the biochemical events that regulate muscle mass remain ill‐defined.
Here we report a mass spectrometry‐based workflow to study the changes in protein phosphorylation that occur in mouse skeletal muscle 1 h after a bout of electrically evoked maximal‐intensity contractions (MICs).
Our dataset provides the first comprehensive map of the MIC‐regulated phosphoproteome.
Using unbiased bioinformatics approaches, we demonstrate that our dataset leads to the identification of many well‐known MIC‐regulated signalling pathways, as well as to a plethora of novel MIC‐regulated events.
We expect that our dataset will serve as a fundamentally important resource for muscle biologists, and help to lay the foundation for entirely new hypotheses in the field.
AbstractThe maintenance of skeletal muscle mass is essential for health and quality of life. It is well recognized that maximal‐intensity contractions, such as those which occur during resistance exercise, promote an increase in muscle mass. Yet, the molecules that sense the mechanical information and convert it into the signalling events (e.g. phosphorylation) that drive the increase in muscle mass remain undefined. Here we describe a phosphoproteomics workflow to examine the effects of electrically evoked maximal‐intensity contractions (MICs) on protein phosphorylation in mouse skeletal muscle. While a preliminary phosphoproteomics experiment successfully identified a number of MIC‐regulated phosphorylation events, a large proportion of these identifications were present on highly abundant myofibrillar proteins. We subsequently incorporated a centrifugation‐based fractionation step to deplete the highly abundant myofibrillar proteins and performed a second phosphoproteomics experiment. In total, we identified 5983 unique phosphorylation sites of which 663 were found to be regulated by MIC. GO term enrichment, phosphorylation motif analyses, and kinase‐substrate predictions indicated that the MIC‐regulated phosphorylation sites were chiefly modified by mTOR, as well as multiple isoforms of the MAPKs and CAMKs. Moreover, a high proportion of the regulated phosphorylation sites were found on proteins that are associated with the Z‐disc, with over 74% of the Z‐disc proteins experiencing robust changes in phosphorylation. Finally, our analyses revealed that the phosphorylation state of two Z‐disc kinases (striated muscle‐specific serine/threonine protein kinase and obscurin) was dramatically altered by MIC, and we propose ways these kinases could play a fundamental role in skeletal muscle mechanotransduction.
Multicenter Clinical Evaluation of the Luminex Aries Flu A/B & RSV Assay for Pediatric and Adult Respiratory Tract Specimens
Authors: Juretschko Stefan , Mahony James , Buller Richard S. , Manji Ryhana , Dunbar Sherry , Walker Kimberly , Rao Arundhati 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
Influenza A and B viruses and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are three common viruses implicated in seasonal respiratory tract infections and are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in adults and children worldwide. In recent years, an increasing number of commercial molecular tests have become available to diagnose respiratory viral infections. The Luminex Aries Flu A/B & RSV assay is a fully automated sample-to-answer molecular diagnostic assay for the detection of influenza A, influenza B, and RSV. The clinical performance of the Aries Flu A/B & RSV assay was prospectively evaluated in comparison to that of the Luminex xTAG respiratory viral panel (RVP) at four North American clinical institutions over a 2-year period. Of the 2,479 eligible nasopharyngeal swab specimens included in the prospective study, 2,371 gave concordant results between the assays. One hundred eight specimens generated results that were discordant with those from the xTAG RVP and were further analyzed by bidirectional sequencing. Final clinical sensitivity values of the Aries Flu A/B & RSV assay were 98.1% for influenza A virus, 98.0% for influenza B virus, and 97.7% for RSV. Final clinical specificities for all three pathogens ranged from 98.6% to 99.8%. Due to the low prevalence of influenza B, an additional 40 banked influenza B-positive specimens were tested at the participating clinical laboratories and were all accurately detected by the Aries Flu A/B & RSV assay. This study demonstrates that the Aries Flu A/B & RSV assay is a suitable method for rapid and accurate identification of these causative pathogens in respiratory infections.
Evaluating and Improving Vitek MS for Identification of Clinically Relevant Species of Trichosporon and the Closely Related Genera Cutaneotrichosporon and Apiotrichum
Authors: de Almeida João N. , Favero Gimenes Viviane M. , Francisco Elaine C. , Machado Siqueira Lumena P. , Gonçalves de Almeida Renato K. , Guitard Juliette , Hennequin Christophe , Colombo Arnaldo L. , Benard Gil , Rossi Flavia 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Trichosporon
species are relevant etiologic agents of hospital-acquired infections. High mortality rates are attributed to
Trichosporon
deep-seated infections in immunocompromised individuals, making fast and accurate species identification relevant for hastening the discovery of best-targeted therapy. Recently,
Trichosporon
taxonomy has been reassessed, and three genera have been proposed for the pathogenic species:
Trichosporon
,
Cutaneotrichosporon
, and
Apiotrichum
. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has replaced old phenotypic methods for microorganism identification in clinical laboratories, but spectral profile databases have to be evaluated and improved for optimal species identification performance. Vitek MS (bioMérieux) is one of the commercially available MALDI-TOF MS platforms for pathogen identification, and its spectral profile databases remain poorly evaluated for
Trichosporon
,
Cutaneotrichosporon
, and
Apiotrichum
species identification. We herein evaluated and improved Vitek MS for the identification of the main clinical relevant species of
Trichosporon
,
Cutaneotrichosporon
, and
Apiotrichum
using a large set of strains and isolates belonging to different yeast collections in Brazil and France.
Structure of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Envelope Spikes Bound with CD4 and Monoclonal Antibody 36D5
Authors: Hu Guiqing , Liu Jun , Roux Kenneth H. , Taylor Kenneth A. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) envelope spike (Env) mediates viral entry into host cells. The V3 loop of the gp120 component of the Env trimer contributes to the coreceptor binding site and is a target for neutralizing antibodies. We used cryo-electron tomography to visualize the binding of CD4 and the V3 loop monoclonal antibody (MAb) 36D5 to gp120 of the SIV Env trimer. Our results show that 36D5 binds gp120 at the base of the V3 loop and suggest that the antibody exerts its neutralization effect by blocking the coreceptor binding site. The antibody does this without altering the dynamics of the spike motion between closed and open states when CD4 is bound. The interaction between 36D5 and SIV gp120 is similar to the interaction between some broadly neutralizing anti-V3 loop antibodies and HIV-1 gp120. Two conformations of gp120 bound with CD4 are revealed, suggesting an intrinsic dynamic nature of the liganded Env trimer. CD4 binding substantially increases the binding of 36D5 to gp120 in the intact Env trimer, consistent with CD4-induced changes in the conformation of gp120 and the antibody binding site. Binding by MAb 36D5 does not substantially alter the proportions of the two CD4-bound conformations. The position of MAb 36D5 at the V3 base changes little between conformations, indicating that the V3 base serves as a pivot point during the transition between these two states.

IMPORTANCE
Glycoprotein spikes on the surfaces of SIV and HIV are the sole targets available to the immune system for antibody neutralization. Spikes evade the immune system by a combination of a thick layer of polysaccharide on the surface (the glycan shield) and movement between spike domains that masks the epitope conformation. Using SIV virions whose spikes were “decorated” with the primary cellular receptor (CD4) and an antibody (36D5) at part of the coreceptor binding site, we visualized multiple conformations trapped by the rapid freezing step, which were separated using statistical analysis. Our results show that the CD4-induced conformational dynamics of the spike enhances binding of the antibody.