bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cefazolin pharmacokinetics in cats under surgical conditions
Authors: Albarellos Gabriela A , Montoya Laura , Passini Sabrina M , Lupi Martín P , Lorenzini Paula M , Landoni María F 
Published: September 2016

Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the plasma pharmacokinetic profile, tissue concentrations and urine elimination of cefazolin in cats under surgical conditions after a single intravenous dose of 20 mg/kg. Methods Intravenous cefazolin (20 mg/kg) was administered to nine young mixed-breed cats 30 mins before they underwent surgical procedures (ovariectomy or orchiectomy). After antibiotic administration, samples from blood, some tissues and urine were taken. Cefazolin concentrations were determined in all biological matrices and pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated. Results Initial plasma concentrations were high (Cp(0), 134.80 ± 40.54 µg/ml), with fast and moderately wide distribution (distribution half-life [t½(d)] 0.16 ± 0.15 h; volume of distribution at steady state [V(d[ss])] 0.29 ± 0.10 l/kg) and rapid elimination (body clearance [ClB], 0.21 ± 0.06 l/h/kg; elimination half-life [t½], 1.18 ± 0.27 h; mean residence time 1.42 ± 0.36 h). Thirty to 60 mins after intravenous administration, cefazolin tissue concentrations ranged from 9.24 µg/ml (subcutaneous tissue) to 26.44 µg/ml (ovary). The tissue/plasma concentration ratio ranged from 0.18 (muscle) to 0.58 (ovary). Cefazolin urine concentrations were high with 84.2% of the administered dose being eliminated in the first 6 h postadministration. Conclusions and relevance Cefazolin plasma concentrations remained above a minimum inhibitory concentration of ⩽2 µg/ml up to 4 h in all the studied cats. This suggests that a single intravenous dose of 20 mg/kg cefazolin would be adequate for perioperative prophylactic use in cats.
Incidence and predictors of headache relief after endovascular treatment in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Ji Wenjun , Liu Aihua , Yang Xinjian , Li Youxiang , Jiang Chuhan , Wu Zhongxue 
Published: September 2016

Objective Patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms often present with headaches. We retrospectively determined the incidence of headache relief in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms after endovascular treatment, with the main goals of preventing aneurysmal haemorrhage and identifying factors associated with headache relief in a cohort study. Methods From a cohort of patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms who were treated with endovascular coiling and admitted between January 2012 and December 2014, we included 123 patients who had headaches and underwent regular follow-up. The severity of headache was assessed by a quantitative 11-point headache scale for all patients before and after the endovascular treatment. Headache relief was defined as a decrease in the headache score. We determined the incidence and predictors of headache relief using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox regression analysis. Results Of the 123 patients with a mean follow-up of 14.1 months (range 1–39 months), 69 had headache relief. The overall cumulative incidence of headache relief was 62.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) 54.2%, 69.4%). On multivariate Cox regression analysis, the side of headache ipsilateral to the aneurysm (adjusted hazard ratio 0.540; 95% CI 0.408, 0.715; P < 0.001) and aneurysm size (adjusted hazard ratio 1.753; 95% CI 1.074, 2.863; P = 0.025) were significant predictors of headache relief. Conclusions Endovascular treatment relieved preoperative headaches for most patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms. The side of headache ipsilateral to the aneurysm and aneurysm size >10 mm were significant predictors of headache relief.
Clinical application of a free radial artery superficial palmar branch flap for soft-tissue reconstruction of digital injuries
Authors: Lee S. H. , Cheon S. J. , Kim Y. J. 
Published: September 2016

Unsuccessful reconstruction of injured fingers can lead to poor outcomes. The aim of this article was to investigate the clinical application of the radial artery superficial palmar branch flap for soft-tissue reconstruction of the finger. We treated 125 patients with various finger injuries who underwent free radial artery superficial palmar branch flap reconstruction between October 2010 and March 2015. There were 46 distal finger injuries, 25 distal finger amputation following failed replantation and 54 palmar digital injuries with tendon, bone or joint exposure requiring soft-tissue reconstruction. Of the 125 cases, 114 flap reconstructions were considered successful. We believe that a free radial artery superficial palmar branch flap transfer is credible and useful for reconstructing various finger injuries. Level of Evidence: III
A robust data scaling algorithm to improve classification accuracies in biomedical data
Authors: Cao Xi Hang , Stojkovic Ivan , Obradovic Zoran 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Background
Machine learning models have been adapted in biomedical research and practice for knowledge discovery and decision support. While mainstream biomedical informatics research focuses on developing more accurate models, the importance of data preprocessing draws less attention. We propose the Generalized Logistic (GL) algorithm that scales data uniformly to an appropriate interval by learning a generalized logistic function to fit the empirical cumulative distribution function of the data. The GL algorithm is simple yet effective; it is intrinsically robust to outliers, so it is particularly suitable for diagnostic/classification models in clinical/medical applications where the number of samples is usually small; it scales the data in a nonlinear fashion, which leads to potential improvement in accuracy.

Results
To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, we conducted experiments on 16 binary classification tasks with different variable types and cover a wide range of applications. The resultant performance in terms of area under the receiver operation characteristic curve (AUROC) and percentage of correct classification showed that models learned using data scaled by the GL algorithm outperform the ones using data scaled by the Min-max and the Z-score algorithm, which are the most commonly used data scaling algorithms.

Conclusion
The proposed GL algorithm is simple and effective. It is robust to outliers, so no additional denoising or outlier detection step is needed in data preprocessing. Empirical results also show models learned from data scaled by the GL algorithm have higher accuracy compared to the commonly used data scaling algorithms.
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from patients with atherosclerotic renovascular disease have increased DNA damage and reduced angiogenesis that can be modified by hypoxia
Authors: Saad Ahmed , Zhu Xiang-Yang , Herrmann Sandra , Hickson LaTonya , Tang Hui , Dietz Allan B. , van Wijnen Andre J. , Lerman Lilach , Textor Stephen 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Background
Adipose-derived MSC (AMSCs) possess angiogenic and immunomodulatory properties that may modulate kidney regeneration. Whether these properties are retained in older patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease is poorly understood. Hypoxic conditions are known to modify properties and growth characteristics of AMSCs. We tested the hypothesis that AMSCs from older patients with atherosclerotic renovascular disease (RVD) differ from normal kidney donors, and whether hypoxia changes their functional and molecular properties to promote angiogenesis.

Methods
AMSCs from 11 patients with RVD (mean age =74.5 years) and 10 healthy kidney donors (mean age = 51.2 years) were cultured under normoxia (20 % O2) and hypoxia (1 % O2) for 3–4 days until they reached 80 % confluency. We analyzed expression of genes and microRNAs using RNA sequencing and real-time quantitative rt-PCR. Protein expression of selected angiogenic factors (VEGF, IGF, HGF and EGF) were quantified in conditioned media using ELISAs. Apoptosis was tested using Annexin IV staining.

Results
Normoxic AMSC from RVD patients grew normally, but exhibited increased DNA damage and reduced migration. VEGF protein secretion was significantly lower in the RVD AMSCs (0.08 vs 2.4 ng/mL/ cell, p <0.05) while HGF was higher. Both trends were reversed during growth under hypoxic conditions. Hypoxia upregulated pro-angiogenic mRNAs expression in AMSCs (VEGF, FGF, STC and ANGPTL4), and downregulated expression of many miRNAs (e.g., miR-15a, miR-16, miR-93, miR-424, 126, 132, 221) except miR-210.

Conclusions
Thus, although AMSC from patients with RVD had increased DNA damage and reduced migration, hypoxia stimulated pro-angiogenic responses via increased expression of angiogenic genes, VEGF secretion and induction of the hypoxia-inducible miR-210, while downregulating angiogenesis-related miRNAs.
Calsequestrin interacts directly with the cardiac ryanodine receptor luminal domain
Authors: Handhle Ahmed , Ormonde Chloe E. , Thomas N. Lowri , Bralesford Catherine , Williams Alan J. , Lai F. Anthony , Zissimopoulos Spyros 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
Cardiac muscle contraction requires sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release mediated by the quaternary complex comprising the ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2), calsequestrin 2 (CSQ2), junctin (encoded by ASPH) and triadin. Here, we demonstrate that a direct interaction exists between RyR2 and CSQ2. Topologically, CSQ2 binding occurs at the first luminal loop of RyR2. Co-expression of RyR2 and CSQ2 in a human cell line devoid of the other quaternary complex proteins results in altered Ca2+-release dynamics compared to cells expressing RyR2 only. These findings provide a new perspective for understanding the SR luminal Ca2+ sensor and its involvement in cardiac physiology and disease.
Tests, scans, investigations 2. Full blood count
Authors: Peate Ian 
Published: September 2016

One of the most common blood tests undertaken is a full blood count (FBC) (sometimes this is referred to as a complete blood count (CBC)). This article discusses FBC, the reasons why it may be performed and how the test is undertaken. The article identifies issues that may arise when the blood has been taken and the relevance of some of the results. When the HCA and AP have an understanding of this particular blood test, then they will be in a better position to offer patients safer and more effective care in a patient-centred way.
Thermal territories of the abdomen after caesarean section birth: infrared thermography and analysis
Authors: Childs C. , Siraj M.R. , Fair F.J. , Selvan A.N. , Soltani H. , Wilmott J. , Farrell T. 
Published: September 2016

Objective: To develop and refine qualitative mapping and quantitative analysis techniques to define ‘thermal territories’ of the post-partum abdomen, the caesarean section site and the infected surgical wound. In addition, to explore women's perspectives on thermal imaging and acceptability as a method for infection screening. Method: Prospective feasibility study undertaken at a large University teaching hospital, Sheffield UK. Infrared thermal imaging of the abdomen was undertaken at the bedside on the first two days after elective caesarean section. Target recruitment: six women in each of three body mass index (BMI) categories (normal, 18.5–24.9 kg/m²; overweight 25–29.9 kg/m²; obese ≥30 kg/m²). Additionally, women presenting to the ward with wound infection were eligible for inclusion in the study. Perspectives on the use of thermal imaging and its practicality were also explored via semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic content analysis. Results: We recruited 20 women who had all undergone caesarean section. From the booking BMI, eight women were obese (including two women with infected wounds), seven women were overweight and five women had a normal BMI. Temperature (ºC) profiling and pixel clustering segmentation (hierarchical clustering-based segmentation, HCS) revealed characteristic features of thermal territories between scar and adjacent regions. Differences in scar thermal intensity profiles exist between healthy scars and infected wounds; features that have potential for wound surveillance. The maximum temperature differences (∆T) between healthy skin and the wound site exceed 2º C in women with established wound infection. At day two, two women had a scar thermogram with features observed in the ‘infected’ wound thermogram. Conclusion: Thermal imaging at early and later times after caesarean birth is feasible and acceptable. Women reported potential benefits of the technique for future wound infection screening. Thermal intensity profiling and HCS for pixel cluster dissimilarity between scar and adjacent healthy skin has potential as a method for the development of techniques targeted to early infection surveillance in women after caesarean section.
Clinical evaluation of a dressing with poly absorbent fibres and a silver matrix for managing chronic wounds at risk of infection: a non comparative trial
Authors: Dalac S. , Sigal L. , Addala A. , Chahim M. , Faivre-Carrere C. , Lemdjadi Z. , Bohbot S. 
Published: September 2016

Objective: To assess the efficacy, safety and acceptability of a new silver poly absorbent dressing (UrgoCleanAg) in the local management of exudative chronic wounds at risk of infection, with inflammatory signs suggesting heavy bacterial load. Method: This prospective, multicentre, non-comparative clinical trial was conducted in French hospital wards (dermatology and vascular medicine) or specialised private-practice physicians. Patients were considered at high-risk of infection when presenting with at least three of five selected inflammatory clinical signs, suggesting a heavy bacterial load (pain between two dressing changes, erythema, oedema, malodorous wound and presence of a heavy exudate). They were treated for a maximum period of four weeks, and followed by the physician on a weekly basis, including a clinical examination, area tracings and photographs. The primary efficacy criterion of the trial was the relative wound surface area reduction at the end of the four weeks of treatment. Acceptability was documented by the nursing staff at each dressing change between the weekly evaluations. Results: We recruited 37 patients with chronic wounds. Wound surface area, mostly covered by sloughy tissue, was reduced by 32.5% at the end of the treatment (median value), while the clinical score (maximum value of 5, based on inflammatory clinical signs) decreased from 4.0 to 2.0. Effective debridement properties were documented (62.5% relative reduction of sloughy tissue at week 4; 58.8% of debrided wounds at week 4) and improvement of the periwound skin status was noted (healthy for 28.6% of the patients at week 4 versus 2.7% at baseline). In addition, the tested wound dressing presented a good safety profile associated to a high level of acceptability, noted by both patients and nursing staff. Conclusion: These clinical data support that the tested dressing is a credible therapeutic alternative for the management of chronic wounds at risk of infection with inflammatory signs suggesting heavy bacterial load.
Contact dermatitis in patients with chronic leg ulcers: a common and neglected problem: a review 2000–2015
Authors: D'Erme A. Massimiliano , Iannone M. , Dini V. , Romanelli M. 
Published: September 2016

Objective:Contact allergies can occur frequently in patients with chronic leg ulcers (CLUs), even in those with a short duration of ulcerative disease. The wide spectrum of therapeutic products promotes development of the delayed type of hypersensitivity and continuous changes in the allergens pattern, which make the diagnosis and treatment extremely difficult in many cases. A prompt diagnosis and treatment of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in patients suffering from CLUs is very important for a best clinical outcome of these two common diseases. Thus, this review aims to highlight a common, challenging and often neglected problem.Method:The search included all studies published between 2000 and September 2015. Keyword used were: ‘allergic contact dermatitis leg ulcer’, ‘contact dermatitis leg ulcers’ ‘contact dermatitis wound care’ ‘contact dermatitis non-healing wounds’ ‘contact sensitisation non-healing wounds’.Results:Contact allergy and polysensitisation are very frequent in patients suffering from CLUs. Although it is believed modern dressings have a lower potential for inducing cutaneous sensitisation, positive patch test reactions to modern dressing are becoming common: hydrogels, followed by hydrocolloid and the ionic silver-containing wound dressing seem to be the principal causes of ACD.Conclusion:This review wanted to highlighted ACD in CLUs as a common and neglected disease whose economic and social burden has not previously been estimated, giving new insights for clinical and therapeutic management.
Kewenangan Lembaga Pengkajian Pangan, Obat-obatan, dan Kosmetika - Majelis Ulama Indonesia Pasca Berlakunya UU No. 33 tahun 2014 Tentang Jaminan Produk Halal
Authors: Septiawan Ade , Aji Ahmad Mukri 
Published: September 2016

Abstract: This study aims to determine the authority of LPPOM in establishing halal products after the enactment of Law no. 33 Year 2014. Based on the research results, it is concluded that there has been a change of authority of LPPOM MUI before and after the coming into effect of Law no. 33 year 2014. For 23 years since its establishment, LPPOM MUI has full authority over the establishment of halal certification, but post-birth and enactment of Law no. 33 of 2014, it no longer has full rights to the expenditure and certification of the guarantee of halal products, but only as partners. The need for halal certification or halal label is very needed in Indonesia. Especially the common people and especially the Muslim community in Indonesia, because with the availability of guaranteed halal food products, at least Muslim consumers no longer worry about the existence of a mixture of materials containing harmful substances are prohibited, both legally and religiously.Keywords: Authority, LPPOM MUI, and halal certification. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui wewenang LPPOM dalam penetapan produk halal pasca berlakunya UU No.33 Tahun 2014.Berdasakan hasil penelitian maka diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa terjadi perubahan wewenang LPPOM MUI sebelum dan sesudah berlakunya UU No.33 Tahun 2014. Selama 23 tahunsemenjak berdirinya, LPPOM MUI berwenang penuh atas penetapan sertifikasi halal, namun pasca lahir dan berlakunya Undang-Undang No.33 Tahun 2014, ia tidak lagi memiliki hak penuh atas pengeluaran dan penetapan sertifikasi jaminan produk halal, melainkan hanya sebagai mitra. Kebutuhan sertifikasi halal atau label halal memang sangat dibutuhkan di Indonesia. Terlebih masyarakat awam dan khususnya masyarakat muslim di Indonesia, karena dengan tersedianya jaminan produk makanan halal, setidaknya konsumen muslim tidak lagi khawatir akan adanya campuran bahan-bahan yang mengandung zat berbahaya yang dilarang, baik secara hukum negara maupun agama. Kata kunci:Kewenangan, LPPOM MUI, dan sertifikasi halal.
Avaliação institucional na educação básica: retrospectiva e questionamentos
Authors: Barretto Elba Siqueira de Sá , Novaes Gláucia T. Franco 
Published: September 2016

<p style="margin: 0cm 35.35pt 0pt 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"> </p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Sem a pretensão de um exame exaustivo, o texto faz uma retrospectiva das experiências de uso da avaliação institucional na educação básica no Brasil desde meados dos anos 1990. Observam-se iniciativas de avaliação não só nos ensinos fundamental e médio, seja em escolas isoladas ou em redes públicas, mas também na educação infantil. Em anos recentes, esta última etapa tem sido objeto de ações do Ministério da Educação e de entidades colaboradoras visando à disseminação em âmbito nacional dessa prática. O estudo encontra grande convergência nos referenciais teórico-metodológicos adotados na avaliação institucional da escola, invariavelmente comprometidos com a perspectiva de melhoria da qualidade da educação, assim como nos procedimentos para sua implementação. Discute ainda questões comuns, suscitadas pelo seu emprego.</span></span></p><p style="margin: 0cm 35.35pt 0pt 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"> </p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></span></p><p style="margin: 0cm 35.35pt 0pt 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"> </p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"> </p><p style="margin: 0cm 35.35pt 0pt 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"> </p>
SERTÃO, NAÇÃO E NARRAÇÃO: MARGENS DA HISTÓRIA E DA FICÇÃO EM GUIMARÃES ROSA * SERTÃO, NATION AND NARRATION: MARGINS OF HISTORY AND FICTION IN GUIMARÃES ROSA
Authors: Demetrio Everton 
Published: September 2016

Resumo: Dialogando com a narrativa de Guimarães Rosa, esse texto procura apontar o trabalho ímpar da linguagem rosiana para processar a mediação entre "fato" e ficção, literatura e história, bem como, refletir em torno das representações do sertão elaboradas em sua narrativa como reveladoras de um espaço maior que a região, espaço nacional. O sertão imaginado na narrativa do autor mineiro, aquém das imagens que instituem a nação homogênea e uma, nos serve como chave de leitura para outro sentido de nação, narrada a partir dos confins da pátria. Sertão que desvela o entre-lugar da nação, atentando para a natureza liminar do grande sertão, no qual a questão dos limites e das margens, da contradição e descontinuidade constituem o cerne da questão nacional.Palavras-chave: História; Narrativa; Ficção; Guimarães Rosa; Nação Abstract: Dialoguing with Guimarães Rosa's narrative, this text tries to point out the unique work of Rosa's language to process the mediation between "fact" and fiction, literature and history and reflect around the backwoods of representations made in his narrative as revealing of more space than the region, national space. The backcountry imagined in the mining author narrative, short of images establishing a homogeneous nation and serves as the reading key to another sense of nation, narrated from the country ends. Hinterland unveiling between the place of the nation, noting the preliminary nature of the great hinterlands, where the question of the limits and margins of contradiction and discontinuity are at the heart of the national question.Keywords: History; Narrative; Fiction; Guimarães Rosa; Nation