bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Common Versus Unique Findings on Processing-Based Task Performance in Korean Speaking Children With Cochlear Implants
Authors: Yim Dongsun 
Published: September 2017

Hypothesis:
To better understand individual variability by examining overall neurocognitive underlying features in children with cochlear implants (CIs), and to investigate whether previous findings hold constant in Asian-language users.

Background:
Studies have tried to explain the individual variability in children with CIs. However, performance on experience-dependent tasks does not seem to be sensitive enough to explain the underlying reason why children have language difficulties even after the surgical procedure. Thus, this current research has focused on underlying neurocognitive functions to better explain the reason for the wide variability in this population.

Methods:
Using a separate univariate analysis paradigm, performance on processing-based tasks was compared between children with CIs and children with normal hearing. A total of 34 children ranging from 10 to 12 years old participated in the study. There were two different categories of processing-based tasks tapping processing capacity and processing speed. This study used nonword repetition (NWR), competing language processing task (CLPT), and counting span (CS) for examining processing capacity, while rapid naming (RAN) in color, shape, and color shape were used to investigate processing speed.

Results:
Children with NH outperformed children with CIs on all processing-capacity tasks, except CS. Children with CIs performed similarly to children with NH on processing speed tasks.

Conclusions:
We found children with CIs still experienced difficulties with processing capacity. Due to cross-linguistic features, we also discovered some interesting findings that differed from previous studies. Lastly, we found processing speed was fairly intact in children with CIs, which is a new finding.
The genetics of congenital heart disease… understanding and improving long-term outcomes in congenital heart disease: a review for the general cardiologist and primary care physician
Authors: Simmons M. Abigail , Brueckner Martina 
Published: September 2017

Purpose of review
This review has two purposes: to provide an updated review of the genetic causes of congenital heart disease (CHD) and the clinical implications of these genetic mutations, and to provide a clinical algorithm for clinicians considering a genetics evaluation of a CHD patient.

Recent findings
A large portion of congenital heart disease is thought to have a significant genetic contribution, and at this time a genetic cause can be identified in approximately 35% of patients. Through the advances made possible by next generation sequencing, many of the comorbidities that are frequently seen in patients with genetic congenital heart disease patients can be attributed to the genetic mutation that caused the congenital heart disease. These comorbidities are both cardiac and noncardiac and include: neurodevelopmental disability, pulmonary disease, heart failure, renal dysfunction, arrhythmia and an increased risk of malignancy. Identification of the genetic cause of congenital heart disease helps reduce patient morbidity and mortality by improving preventive and early intervention therapies to address these comorbidities.

Summary
Through an understanding of the clinical implications of the genetic underpinning of congenital heart disease, clinicians can provide care tailored to an individual patient and continue to improve the outcomes of congenital heart disease patients.
Coagulopathy in Children With Liver Disease
Authors: Kawada Patricia S. , Bruce Aisha , Massicotte Patti , Bauman Mary , Yap Jason 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTIt was thought that a high international normalized ratio predicted bleeding in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and patients were “autoanticoagulated.” Contrary to this belief, while patients with CLD experienced bleeding, they also developed thromboses. In the last decade, the prevailing literature challenged the idea that an elevated international normalized ratio increased bleeding risk. The global assays of coagulation such as thromboelastography (TEG)/rotational thromboelastometry and thrombin generation assays provide additional insight into coagulation processes. It has become apparent that a parallel reduction of procoagulant and anticoagulant factors leave patients in a new “balanced” state, albeit a fragile one, where the balance can be easily disrupted. The inherent differences in coagulation between children and adults such as differences in levels of procoagulant and anticoagulant factors, underlying liver disease, and the paucity of studies in children make extrapolation of these findings to the pediatric population problematic. Ultimately, this is an area that requires further investigation to avoid inappropriate use of blood products and medication.
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in a Percutaneous Mouse Tail Injury Model
Authors: Tian Zuozhen , Ma Xiaoyuan , Yasen Miersalijiang , Mauck Robert L. , Qin Ling , Shofer Frances S. , Smith Lachlan J. , Pacifici Maurizio , Enomoto-Iwamoto Motomi , Zhang Yejia 
Published: September 2017

Objectives
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degenerates progressively with age and after injuries. In this study, we aimed to characterize early molecular events underlying disc degeneration using a mouse tail IVD injury model.

Design
We have established a transcutaneous minimally invasive approach to induce mouse tail IVD injury under fluoroscopic guidance. Morphological and molecular changes in the injured IVDs are compared with the baseline features of adjacent intact levels.

Results
After needle puncture, tail IVDs exhibited time-dependent histological changes. The aggrecan neoepitope VDIPEN was evident from 2 days to 4 wks after injury. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 8 (adam8) is a surface protease known to cleave fibronectin in the IVD. Gene expression of adam8 was elevated at all time points after injury, whereas the increase of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (cxcl)-1 gene expression was statistically significant at 2 days and 2 wks after injury. Type 1 collagen gene expression decreased initially at day 2 but increased at 2 wks after injury, whereas no significant change in type 2 collagen gene expression was observed. The extracellular matrix gene expression pattern is consistent with fibrocartilage formation after injury.

Conclusions
Mouse tail IVDs degenerate after needle puncture, as demonstrated by histological changes and aggrecan degradation. The minimally invasive tail IVD injury model should prove useful to investigators studying mechanisms of IVD degeneration and repair.
Past, Present, and Future of Psychosomatic Movements in an Ever-Changing World: Presidential Address
Authors: Herrmann-Lingen Christoph 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Objective
The American Psychosomatic Society was founded in 1942 and is celebrating its 75th anniversary in 2017. In recognizing the society's anniversary, this article provides a historical perspective on its history, the field of psychosomatic medicine in general, and anticipated future directions.

Methods
Essay and narrative review of the literature on the historic development of psychosomatic concepts and their impact on medicine over time.

Results
Mind-body associations have been described in the medical literature for more than 3500 years. Early concepts of mind-body dualism and attempts to overcome them are found in classical Greek medicine. Psychosomatic thinking can be observed ever since, but only in the 20th century, a “psychosomatic movement” emerged in Europe and North America, aiming at humanizing medicine by introducing a holistic understanding of man into what was considered a widely reductionistic practice of medicine. This movement led to the inauguration of the American Psychosomatic Society during World War II and of national and international societies of psychosomatic medicine and its subspecializations thereafter.

Conclusions
Psychosomatic medicine has its roots in the beginnings of medicine. During the past 75 years, it has made substantial contributions to the science and practice of medicine. The field has also changed in response to developments in medicine, technology, and society and is facing new challenges and opportunities that may require further adaptation of its concepts and practice.
Pancreatoblastoma With Metastatic Retroperitoneal Lymph Node and PET/CT
Authors: Corrias Giuseppe , Ragucci Monica , Basturk Olca , Saba Luca , Mannelli Lorenzo 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
A previously healthy 4-year-old girl presented with petechial rash and low platelet count. There were no other symptoms. On abdominal ultrasound, a 4.7-cm heterogeneous mass was demonstrated anterior to the left kidney. An abdominal MRI subsequently performed demonstrated a heterogeneously enhancing mass at the same location extending to the pancreas and spleen. A surgical biopsy of the mass was obtained. Pathology reported a malignant epithelioid neoplasm consistent with pancreatoblastoma. The mass demonstrated intense FDG uptake on PET and an FDG avid retrocaval lymph node.
Diagnosis and Management of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak in a Panfacial Fracture
Authors: Mulinari-Santos Gabriel , Bonardi João Paulo , Pires Willian Ricardo , Jacob Ricardo Garcia Mureb , Batista Fábio Roberto de Souza , Faverani Leonardo Perez , Souza Francisley Ávila , Garcia Júnior Idelmo Rangel 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid fistula caused by head trauma is a potentially dangerous problem and precise localization and radical treatment are necessary. We present a case of a patient with Panfacial fracture caused by a motorcycle accident, resulting in a cerebrospinal fluid leakage. The correct diagnosis was realized by computed tomography and auxiliary tests. The successful treatment can be confirmed with the support of radionuclide cisternography examination.
Simple Septocutaneous Free Flap Design for One-Stage Reconstruction of Pharyngocutaneous and Orocutaneous Fistulae
Authors: Woo Soo Hyun , Bae Tae Hui , Kim Woo Seob , Kim Han Koo 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Reconstruction of pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) or orocutaneous fistula is always a challenging task. It has many causes and is especially related to radiation therapy after resection of head and neck cancers. There are many reports of surgical procedures for fistula repair. For example, 2-stage methods, methods of combining multiple flaps, and methods of using chimeric flaps have been reported. However, there is no established simple method as a treatment of choice. The authors describe 5 patients of head and neck fistulas and recommend a useful 1-stage reconstruction method using a double skin paddle free flap.
The authors modified the free flaps simply with a double skin paddle sharing 1 pedicle. The skin paddle of the flap was split into 2 parts, one skin island for inner mucosal coverage, and the other for outer skin resurfacing. The bridge between the 2 skin paddles was deepithelialized and then folded. To prevent leakage, a water-tight closure was ensured.
The double skin paddle free flap method was used in 5 patients. Two patients had orocutaneous fistula, and the other 3 patients had PCF due to irradiation. Flap losses did not occur, but wound dehiscence was noted in the 3 PCF patients. Repeat wound revision procedures were performed in these patients, and the end result was good.
Conventional methods are complex and require multiple flaps or repeat surgery. However, the double skin paddle free flap method allows for simple and effective 1-stage reconstruction using 1 flap, 1 pedicle, and 1 microanastomosis even for patients who received preoperative radiotherapy.
Effects of Different Tissue Adhesives in Treating Calvarial Bone Defects
Authors: Türer Akif , Önger Mehmet Emin 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of the 2 different tissue adhesive materials as a barrier for guided bone regeneration and to compare them with resorbable collogen membrane on autogenous grafted critical-sized cortical bone defects. Twenty-four rats were divided into 3 groups: Group M, Group G, and Group B. A 5-mm diameter critical-size defect was created in the calvarium of each animal. All defects were filled by autogenous graft harvested from tibia. In group M, resorbable collogen membrane was applied to defect area. In groups G and B, defects were closed by Glubran2 and Bioglue. All animals were euthanized at 28 days postoperative. Stereologic analyses were performed. New bone area and connective tissue volumes were measured. Mean new bone volumes were 0.97 ± 0.28, 0.59 ± 0.2, and 0.8 ± 0.32 mm3 in groups M, G, and B, respectively. The differences between groups were not statistically significant (P
> 0.05). In group M, mean connective tissue volumes were 4.25 ± 0.7 mm3, in groups G and B, 2.9 ± 1.82 and 4.54 ± 0.64 mm3. Connective tissue volume differences were not statistically significant between groups. Glubran2 and Bioglue may play a role as a barrier for guided bone regeneration in treatment of critical size defects.
Mandibular Condylar Fractures in Children: Morphofunctional Results After Treatment With External Fixation
Authors: Cascone Piero , Marra Marcozzi Marco , Ramieri Valerio , Bosco Giulio , Vellone Valentino , Spallaccia Fabrizio 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Best treatment for paediatric patients with mandibular condylar fractures is still debated, and many approaches have been proposed. Closed treatment is the most used, but there is evidence showing long-term problems in patients with dislocated fractures. On the other hand, there are concerns on surgical treatment with open reduction internal fixation, particularly on the implanted hardware during growth. The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term outcomes of paediatric patients treated surgically with external fixation. A total of 21 paediatric patients were treated. Diagnostic procedures included clinical and radiographic examinations. Of those 21 patients, 16 presented monocondylar fractures, 5 bicondylar fractures. They were treated surgically with open reduction and external fixation. Patients showed good recovery in maximal mouth opening, maximal lateral excursion and in vertical height of ramus, and all returned to preinjury occlusion. No patient presented permanent facial nerve palsy, and none referred pain or stiffness in the operated area. Minimal scars were visible. Just 1 patient referred clicking in the operated temporo-mandibular joint. Surgical approach using external fixation could be considered an option for treatment of mandibular condylar fractures in paediatric patient. Vertical height recovery, early mobilization, and good occlusion can be achieved, minimizing the risk of facial asymmetry.
For the patient—Evolution in the management of vascular trauma
Authors: Feliciano David V. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
There has been an evolution in the diagnosis and management of vascular trauma over the past 100 years. The primary stimulus to these changes has been the increased volume of patients with cervical, truncal, and peripheral vascular injuries during military conflicts and in civilian life. Patients with “hard” signs of a vascular injury are taken to surgery emergently with a few exceptions to be described. In contrast, patients with “soft” signs of a vascular injury undergo a careful physical examination including measurement of vascular index to determine if radiologic imaging is necessary. Computed tomography arteriography has become the most commonly used method of imaging, whereas duplex ultrasonography is used in some centers. Nonoperative management is now common for nonocclusive injuries diagnosed on computed tomography arteriography. Proximal tourniquets are commonly used to control exsanguinating hemorrhage from injuries to extremities, whereas balloons can be used to control hemorrhage from difficult to expose areas at operation. Temporary intraluminal shunts are now used in 3% to 9% of arterial injuries. Operative techniques of repair have been refined and contribute to the excellent results noted in modern trauma centers.
Cord blood buffy coat DNA methylation is comparable to whole cord blood methylation
Authors: Dou John , Schmidt Rebecca J. , Benke Kelly S. , Newschaffer Craig , Hertz-Picciotto Irva , Croen Lisa A. , Iosif Ana-Maria , LaSalle Janine M. , Fallin M. Daniele , Bakulski Kelly M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundCord blood DNA methylation is associated with numerous health outcomes and environmental exposures. Whole cord blood DNA reflects all nucleated blood cell types, while centrifuging whole blood separates red blood cells by generating a white blood cell buffy coat. Both sample types are used in DNA methylation studies. Cell types have unique methylation patterns and processing can impact cell distributions, which may influence comparability.ObjectivesTo evaluate differences in cell composition and DNA methylation between buffy coat and whole cord blood samples.MethodsCord blood DNA methylation was measured with the Infinium EPIC BeadChip (Illumina) in 8 individuals, each contributing buffy coat and whole blood samples. We analyzed principal components (PC) of methylation, performed hierarchical clustering, and computed correlations of mean-centered methylation between pairs. We conducted moderated t-tests on single sites and estimated cell composition.ResultsDNA methylation PCs were associated with individual (PPC1=1.4x10-9;PPC2=2.9x10-5;PPC3=3.8x10-5;PPC4=4.2x10-6;PPC5=9.9x10-13), and not with sample type (PPC1-5>0.7). Samples hierarchically clustered by individual. Pearson correlations of mean-centered methylation between paired individual samples ranged from r=0.66 to r=0.87. No individual site significantly differed between buffy coat and whole cord blood when adjusting for multiple comparisons (5 sites had unadjustedP<10-5). Estimated cell type proportions did not differ by sample type (P=0.86), and estimated cell counts were highly correlated between paired samples (r=0.99).ConclusionsDifferences in methylation and cell composition between buffy coat and whole cord blood are much lower than inter-individual variation, demonstrating that both sample preparation types can be analytically combined and compared.
Mapping DNA damage-dependent genetic interactions in yeast via party mating and barcode fusion genetics
Authors: Díaz-Mejía J. Javier , Celaj Albi , Mellor Joseph C. , Coté Atina , Balint Attila , Ho Brandon , Bansal Pritpal , Shaeri Fatemeh , Gebbia Marinella , Weile Jochen , Verby Marta , Karkhanina Anna , Zhang YiFan , Wong Cassandra , Rich Justin , Prendergast D’Arcy , Gupta Gaurav , Öztürk Sedide , Durocher Daniel , Brown Grant W. , Roth Frederick P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCondition-dependent genetic interactions can reveal functional relationships between genes that are not evident under standard culture conditions. State-of-the-art yeast genetic interaction mapping, which relies on robotic manipulation of arrays of double mutant strains, does not scale readily to multi-condition studies. Here we describe Barcode Fusion Genetics to map Genetic Interactions (BFG-GI), by which double mutant strains generated viaen masse‘party’ mating can also be monitoreden massefor growth and genetic interactions. By using site-specific recombination to fuse two DNA barcodes, each representing a specific gene deletion, BFG-GI enables multiplexed quantitative tracking of double mutants via next-generation sequencing. We applied BFG-GI to a matrix of DNA repair genes under nine different conditions, including methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO), bleomycin, zeocin, and three other DNA-damaging environments. BFG-GI recapitulated known genetic interactions and yielded new condition-dependent genetic interactions. We validated and further explored a subnetwork of condition-dependent genetic interactions involvingMAG1,SLX4, and genes encoding the Shu complex, and inferred that loss of the Shu complex leads to a decrease in the activation or activity of the checkpoint protein kinase Rad53.
Local and global chromatin interactions are altered by large genomic deletions associated with human brain development
Authors: Zhang Xianglong , Zhang Ying , Zhu Xiaowei , Purmann Carolin , Haney Michael S , Ward Thomas , Yao Jie , Weissman Sherman M , Urban Alexander E 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundLarge copy number variants (CNVs) in the human genome are strongly associated with common neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Using Hi-C analysis of long-range chromosome interactions, including haplotype-specific Hi-C analysis, and ChIP-Seq analysis of regulatory histone marks, we studied the epigenomic effects of the prominent heterozygous large deletion CNV on chromosome 22q11.2 and also replicated a subset of the findings for the heterozygous large deletion CNV on chromosome 1q21.1.ResultsThere are local and global gene expression changes as well as pronounced and multilayered effects on chromatin states, chromosome folding and topological domains of the chromatin, that emanate from the large CNV locus. Regulatory histone marks are altered in the deletion flanking regions, and in opposing directions for activating and repressing marks. Histone marks are changed along chromosome 22q and genome wide. Chromosome interaction patterns are weakened within the deletion boundaries and strengthened between the deletion flanking regions. The long-range folding contacts between the telomeric end of chromosome 22q and the distal deletion-flanking region are increased. On the chromosome 22q with deletion the topological domain spanning the CNV boundaries is deleted in its entirety while neighboring domains interact more intensely with each other. Finally, there is a widespread and complex effect on chromosome interactions genome-wide, i.e. involving all other autosomes, with some of the effect directly tied to the deletion region on 22q11.2.ConclusionsThese findings suggest novel principles of how such large genomic deletions can alter nuclear organization and affect genomic molecular activity.
Automated cell cycle and cell size measurements for single-cell gene expression studies
Authors: Guillemin Anissa , Richard Angelique , Gonin-Giraud Sandrine , Gandrillon Olivier 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRecent rise of single-cell studies revealed the importance of understanding the role of cell-to-cell variability, especially at the transcriptomic level. One of the numerous sources of cell-to-cell variation in gene expression is the heterogeneity in cell proliferation state. How cell cycle and cell size influences gene expression variability at single-cell level is not yet clearly understood. To deconvolute such influences, most of the single-cell studies used dedicated methods that could include some bias. Here, we provide a universal and automatic toxic-free label method, compatible with single-cell high-throughput RT-qPCR. This led to an unbiased gene expression analysis and could be also used for improving single-cell tracking and imaging when combined with cell isolation. As an application for this technique, we showed that cell-to-cell variability in chicken erythroid progenitors was negligibly influenced by cell size nor cell cycle.