bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El Consejo Nacional de la Publicidad (CNP). La “voz” empresarial mexicana en tiempos no democráticos (1959-2000)
Authors: Sosa Hernández G. Georgina 
Published: June 2016

<p>El Consejo Nacional de la Publicidad (cnp), antecedente del Consejo de la Comunicación (cc), es un organismo del sector empresarial que se fundó en 1959 y que aglutinaba a los empresarios dedicados a la publicidad. Entre ese año y el 2000, generó y difundió 49 campañas publicitarias que reflejaban su visión del país e indicaban, de una manera medianamente clara, su relación con el gobierno en turno. En este artículo me propongo estudiar la acción del cnp a través de estas campañas, teniendo en cuenta que se gestaron en un contexto anterior a la democracia (primero autoritario, después en transición a la democracia). Hago una revisión de algunos de los mensajes más importantes que transmitió el Consejo a partir de su vínculo con el contexto a fin de establecer cuál era su lectura que los empresarios hacían de la coyuntura específica por la que atravesaban.</p><p> </p>
Helicobacter pylori as a crucial factor in intestinal metaplasia development of gastric mucosa
Authors: Vernygorodskyi Sergii 
Published: June 2016

<p class="BodyText1"><em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (<em>H. pylori</em>) is detected on the surface of gastric epithelium and in goblet cells, predominantly in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis and incomplete intestinal metaplasia (IM). <em>H. pylori</em> infection persistence leads to the formation of gastrointestinal phenotype of IM. <em>H. pylori</em> can be considered as an etiological factor of IM. It inhibits the expression of SOX2 in gastric epithelial cells, hence activating transcription factor CDX2 as a counterpart to <em>MUC5AC</em> gene inhibition and <em>MUC2</em> gene induction. Thus, in metaplastic cells, programming differentiation after intestinal phenotype will develop. The role of <em>H. pylori</em> in the origin of intestinal metaplasia of gastric mucosa was defined in this study to elucidate the probable mechanism of cell reprogramming. The activation of CDX2, with simultaneous inactivation and decreased number of genes (<em>e.g.</em>, <em>SHH</em>, <em>SOX2</em>, and <em>RUNX3</em>) responsible for gastric differentiation, was identified to cause the appearance of IM. </p>
Algoritmo identificador de vértices viáveis para solução do PLDN
Authors: Oliveira Erik Da Silva 
Published: June 2016

Devido à grande competitividade mundial, as organizações estão preocupadas com a otimização de seus processos produtivos inseridos em ambientes sinérgicos, mutáveis e hierarquizados. A pesquisa operacional é uma metodologia decisória com algoritmos que buscam a otimização desses processos. A programação linear em dois níveis (PLDN) é um modelo de Pesquisa Operacional que representa bem operações de produção que dependem de dois níveis hierárquicos de decisão. Assim, com o modelo de PLDN encontra-se uma solução compatível com os interesses de dois níveis decisórios distintos, sendo cada um deles governado por uma parcela de variáveis que interagem nas restrições do modelo. O algoritmo identificador de vértices viáveis é um método que reconhece todos os pontos extremos viáveis do PLDN, sendo sua implementação em MATLAB bastante eficiente no entendimento dos resultados teóricos do PLDN.
Avaliação da colaboração logística entre uma distribuidora e seus fornecedores
Authors: Vieira José Geraldo Vidal , Coutinho Danielle Pires 
Published: June 2016

Neste trabalho foram propostos indicadores de colaboração logística que servem como parâmetro para avaliar os fornecedores de uma distribuidora e entender a relação da parceria. A partir da revisão de literatura e de um estudo de caso em uma distribuidora, foram definidos quatro grupos de elementos que serviram de base para uma pesquisa quantitativa. Dois grupos foram analisados, estatisticamente, por meio de medidas centrais e dois pela análise fatorial. Os resultados indicaram que os elementos de integração interpessoal (Grupo 2) e aqueles referentes a pedido (Grupo 4) foram os que apresentaram maior média e pouca variabilidade dos dados. Para melhor entendimento dos elementos operacionais de desempenho logístico (Grupo 1) e dos elementos referentes a informações logísticas e comerciais (Grupo 3) foram criados indicadores, a partir das cargas fatoriais, que revelaram subgrupos com maior ou menor grau de interferência na colaboração logística. Do ponto de vista dos fornecedores, embora se tenha uma satisfação quanto ao relacionamento interpessoal, o indicador de reuniões logísticas apontou que maior contato por meio de reuniões pode melhorar a troca de informações logísticas e comerciais e, possivelmente, contribuir para uma melhora do desempenho logístico do fornecedor.
FENOMENA DZIKIR BERJAMAAH SEBAGAI SARANA PEREKAT SOSIAL
Authors: Huda Alamul 
Published: June 2016

<p>The existence of Islam as a religion of da’wah dan humanity, which means, that the basic concept of Islamic theories are covers about all the conditions of human life, which in a sense-not only discuss the purely worship (ibadah mahdloh), but also talk about aspects of improvements in social community and society. In the present context, Manaqib Sheikh Abdul Qadir al-Jilani has been designed to be a remembrance and famous and known as a unique religious movement and became a “breath and reason” the spirituality of marginalized communities (edges), according to the facts and truth, the reality of religious movements can affect, keep and maintain the norms and morality (moral) social. Where there, in the presence of this movement and behavior concepts silaturrahim (among jama’a manaqiban), awakening the main attitude in life, personality, nice and good character. And also in fact, the relationship of reason and the reconstruction of the socio-spirituality of the theological community has a strong relationship from the perspective and view point of “riayatul maslahat”.</p> <p>Keberadaan Islam sebagai agama dakwah dan kemanusiaan, yang berarti, bahwa konsep dalam teori- teori keislaman bahasannya mencakup tentang seluruh kondisi kehidupan manusia, yang dalam artian- bukan hanya membahas ibadah mahdloh (murni bersifat ilahiah) saja tetapi juga berbicara tentang aspek-aspek perbaikan (moral dan sosial) di dalam masyarakat. Dalam konteks kekinian, Manaqib Syaikh Abd al-Qadir al-Jailani yang telah di desain menjadi sebuah dzikir dan kemudian masyhur dan di kenal sebagai sebuah gerakan keagamaan yang unik dan menjadi sebuah “nalar dan nafas” spiritualitas masyarakat marjinal (pinggiran); menurut fakta, pada kenyataannya –gerakan keagamaan tersebut- dapat mempengaruhi dan menjaga norma dan moralitas (akhlak) sosial. Dimana, dalam gerakan ini terdapatnya konsep dan perilaku silaturrahim (diantara jama’ah manaqiban), terbangunnya sikap utama dalam menjalani hidup, kepribadian dan karakter yang baik. Dan pada kenyataannya, hubungan nalar spiritualitas dan rekonstruksi sosio-teologis masyarakat memiliki hubungan yang kuat dari sisi titik pandang dan perspektif ri’ayatul maslahat( public interest)</p> <p><strong></strong></p>
PENENTUAN AWAL WAKTU SHALAT SUBUH MENURUT KEMENTERIAN AGAMA DAN ALIRAN SALAFI
Authors: Amrulloh Moh. Afif 
Published: June 2016

<p>This research studied obout the way of determining time of subuh praying. The method used is qualitative approach, that are editing, clasification, and verification. The result of this research, the is difference perspective between the BHR Department of Religious early and Salafi stream. BHR Religion Department considers this problem is the problem Ijtihadiyah. Department of Religious BHR depart from the perspective of astronomy, while the Salafi depart from the perspective of syar’i. This different is natural thing, because it departed from the different standpoint. Interpretation of Qur’an verses and Prophetic traditions, particularly related to the true dawn. There is also the different understanding of astronomical twilight; BHR Department of Religious regard astronomical twilight as fajar shadiq, while the Salafis regard as the fajar kadzib.</p> <p> </p> <p>Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang penentuan awal waktu shalat subuh. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian menempuh beberapa langkah, yaitu; pengeditan, klasifikasi dan verifikasi. Ke- simpulan yang diperoleh penelitian ini adalah; terdapat perbedaan perspektif dalam penentuan awal subuh antara BHR Depag dan Aliran Salafi. BHR Departemen Agama menganggap masalah ini adalah masalah ijtihadiyah. BHR Depag berangkat dari sudut pandang astronomi, sedangkan Salafi berangkat dari sudut pandang syar’i. Perbedaan ini menjadi hal yang wajar karena berangkat dari sudut pandang yang berbeda. Interpretasi terhadap ayat al-Qur’an dan hadis Nabi saw khususnya yang berkaitan dengan fajar shadiq. Begitu juga berkaitan dengan pengertian astronomical twilight yang berbeda; BHR Depag menganggap astronomical twilight sebagai fajar shadiq, sedangkan Salafi menganggapnya sebagai fajar kadzib.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong></strong></p>
IMPLEMENTASI PRINSIP WADI’AH DI BANK MUAMALAT INDONESIA KOTA MALANG
Authors: Indrawati Sri Eko Ayu 
Published: June 2016

<p>This research discusses the implementation of sharia in bank related to the funds deposited by using wadi’ah contract funds. The bank uses the principle of wadi’ah yad-dhamanah, the goods are entrusted may be used and the depositor gets athoya of receiving deposits on the use of the goods. The application of this principle is similar with the qardh principle for its legal consequences which is resulted. The researcher chooses Indonesia Muamalat Bank in Malang as the initiator bank of the implementation of Shariah principl related to the topic of the research. This study is an empirical study. The data are collected through interview, observation, and document. The data are analyzed with descriptive qualitative approaches. The result shows the principle implementing by Indonesia Muamalat Bank is the principle of wadi’ah yad-dhamanah on deposit products. This is because the bank refers to the laws</p> <p>that allow the bank to practice the implementation.</p> <p> </p> <p>Penelitian ini mendiskusikan implementasi syariah pada bank terkait dengan dana yang didepositkan dengan menggunakan akad wadi’ah. Bank menggunakan prinsip wadi’ah yad-dhamanah, yaitu barang yang dititipkan boleh digunakan dan penitip mendapat athoya (bonus) dari penerima titipan atas penggunaan barang tersebut. Penerapan prinsip yang demikian sama dengan prinsip qardh pada akibat hukum yang ditimbulkan. peneliti memilih Bank Muamalat Indonesia Kota Malang sebagai salah satu bank yang memprakarsai prinsip syari’ah terkait dengan penelitian ini. Penelitian in adalah penelitian empiris. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisa melalui pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu implementasi Bank Muamalat Indonesia Kota Malang menggunakan prinsip wadi’ah yad-dhamanah pada produk simpanan. Hal ini karena bank merujuk pada produk hukum yang membolehkan bank melakukan pelaksanaan tersebut.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong></strong></p>
DUALITAS HUKUM WARIS MINANGKABAU DAN ISLAM (STUDI KONSTRUKSI SOSIAL MASYARAKAT MUSLIM MINANGKABAU DI MALANG)
Authors: Fauzi Anwar 
Published: June 2016

<p>One of interesting customary laws is the implementation of customary law of inheritance system of Minangkabau society. Minangkabaw society implements inheritance system from mother’s lineage. It contradicts with the inheritance system in Islam which admits father’s lineage system. The aim of this research is to describe social construction pattern and inheritance system which are constructed by Minangkabaw society in Malang. Method which is applied in this research is field research with qualitative descriptive approaches. From the result of this research, the researcher concludes that social construction which is constructed by Minangkabaw society in Malang is adaptive system. This system is a combination between customary law and applicative law of the area where the society settled. Related to inheritance determination, this society tends to apply conventional law system and they leave their</p> <p>customary law although they still want to apply the customary one.</p> <p> </p> <p>Salah satu hukum adat yang sangat menarik yaitu tentang penerapan hukum adat masyarakat Minangkabau yang berkaitan dengan hukum waris. Masyarakat Minangkabau menerapkan hukum waris dari garis keturunan Ibu. Hal ini sangat kontradiksi dengan sistem hukum waris Islam yang menarik keturunan dari garis ayah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ingin mendiskripsikan pola konstruksi sosial dan sistem hukum waris yang dibangun masyarakat Minangkabau ketika menetap di Malang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian lapangan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini, peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa konstruksi sosial yang di bangun masyarakat Minangkabau yang menetap di Malang yaitu menggunakan sistem adaptif. Dimana sistem ini merupakan suatu bentuk peleburan terhadap hukum adat dengan hukum yang berlaku di daerah mereka menetap. Dalam hal penerapan waris, masyarakat Minangkabau yang menetap di Malang mereka cenderung memakai sistem hukum konvensional, dan menanggalkan hukum adat meraka, meskipun masih ada keinginan untuk menerapkan hukum adat Minangkabau di Malang.</p> <p> </p>
Dynamic anthropogenic edge effects on the distribution and diversity of fungi in fragmented old‐growth forests
Authors: Ruete Alejandro , Snäll Tord , Jönsson Mari 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDiversity patterns and dynamics at forest edges are not well understood. We disentangle the relative importance of edge‐effect variables on spatio‐temporal patterns in species richness and occupancy of deadwood‐dwelling fungi in fragmented old‐growth forests. We related richness and log occupancy by 10 old‐growth forest indicator fungi and by two common fungi to log conditions in natural and anthropogenic edge habitats of 31 old‐growth Picea abies forest stands in central Sweden. We compared edge‐to‐interior gradients (100 m) to the forest interior (beyond 100 m), and we analyzed stand‐level changes after 10 yr. Both richness and occupancy of logs by indicator species was negatively related to adjacent young clear‐cut edges, but this effect decreased with increasing clear‐cut age. The occupancy of logs by indicator species also increased with increasing distance to the natural edges. In contrast, the occupancy of logs by common species was positively related or unrelated to distance to clear‐cut edges regardless of the edge age, and this was partly explained by fungal specificity to substrate quality. Stand‐level mean richness and mean occupancy of logs did not change for indicator or common species over a decade. By illustrating the importance of spatial and temporal dimensions of edge effects, we extend the general understanding of the distribution and diversity of substrate‐confined fungi in fragmented old‐growth forests. Our results highlight the importance of longer forest rotation times adjacent to small protected areas and forest set‐asides, where it may take more than 50 yr for indicator species richness levels to recover to occupancy levels observed in the forest interior. Also, non‐simultaneous clear‐cutting of surrounding productive forests in a way that reduces the edge effect over time (i.e., dynamic buffers) may increase the effective core area of small forest set‐asides and improve their performance on protecting species of special concern for conservation.
GERAKAN KEAGAMAAN BARU DALAM INDONESIA KONTEMPORER: Tafsir Sosial Atas Hizbut Tahrir
Authors: Arifin Syamsul 
Published: June 2016

<p>New various religious movements in Islam have emerged in several Muslim countries, including in Indonesia. Many consider them to be a blatant manifestation of radicalism and fundamentalism of Islam although their proponents reject such a label. One of the rising movements in Indonesia is Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI). Fundamentalism is a common and widespread religious phenomenon since it is found trans-nationally. HTI represents the form of trans-national Islamic movement. This article seeks to examine HTI as a new rising trans-Islamic movement in contemporary Indonesia. By focusing on the HTI’s religious outlooks, ideology and social movement, this article argues that HTI is representation of fundamentalist movement. Fundamentalism here is defined as a form of religious movement that attempts to preserve fundamental tenets laid down in the Scripture, and reinterprets them in contemporary socio-political realms. The feature of fundamentalism in HTI is expressed in its religious thoughts and understanding and in the ways in which it re-appropriates Islamic doctrines in modern and contemporary socio-political contexts. </p><p>Keywords: Hizbut Tahrir, fundamentalism, religious movements</p>
Adaptive Mesh Optimization for Simulation of Immiscible Viscous Fingering
Authors: Mostaghimi Peyman , Kamali Fatemeh , Jackson Matthew D. , Muggeridge Ann H. , Pain Christopher C. 
Published: June 2016

Summary
Viscous fingering can be a major concern when waterflooding heavy-oil reservoirs. Most commercial reservoir simulators use low-order finite-volume/-difference methods on structured grids to resolve this phenomenon. However, this approach suffers from a significant numerical-dispersion error because of insufficient mesh resolution, which smears out some important features of the flow. We simulate immiscible incompressible two-phase displacements and propose the use of unstructured control-volume finite-element (CVFE) methods for capturing viscous fingering in porous media. Our approach uses anisotropic mesh adaptation where the mesh resolution is optimized on the basis of the evolving features of flow. The adaptive algorithm uses a metric tensor field dependent on solution-interpolation-error estimates to locally control the size and shape of elements in the metric. The mesh optimization generates an unstructured finer mesh in areas of the domain where flow properties change more quickly and a coarser mesh in other regions where properties do not vary so rapidly. We analyze the computational cost of mesh adaptivity on unstructured mesh and compare its results with those obtained by a commercial reservoir simulator on the basis of the finite-volume methods.
THE DISCOVERY OF RAMAN SCATTERING IN H II REGIONS
Authors: Dopita Michael A. , Nicholls David C. , Sutherland Ralph S. , Kewley Lisa J. , Groves Brent A. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
We report here on the discovery of faint extended wings of Hα observed out to an apparent velocity of ∼7600 km s−1 in the Orion Nebula (M42) and in five H ii regions in the Large and the Small Magellanic Clouds. We show that these wings are caused by Raman scattering of both the O i and Si ii resonance lines and stellar continuum UV photons with H i followed by radiative decay to the H i
n = 2 level. The broad wings also seen in Hβ and in Hγ result from Raman scattering of the UV continuum in the H i
n = 4 and n = 5 levels, respectively. The Raman scattering fluorescence is correlated with the intensity of the narrow permitted lines of O i and Si ii. In the case of Si ii, this is explained by radiative pumping of the same 1023.7 Å resonance line involved in the Raman scattering by the Lyβ radiation field. The subsequent radiative cascade produces enhanced Si ii
λλ5978.9, 6347.1, and 6371.4 Å permitted transitions. Finally, we show that in O i, radiative pumping of the 1025.76 Å resonance line by the Lyman series radiation field is also the cause of the enhancement in the permitted lines of this species lying near Hα in wavelength, but here the process is a little more complex. We argue that all these processes are active in the zone of the H ii region near the ionization front.
L’individualisme solidariste des actrices de Gezi et l’émergence de nouveaux sujets
Authors: Türkmen Buket 
Published: June 2016

Alors que les femmes sont majoritaires dans la résistance de Gezi, les constats et les analyses publiées sous-estiment cette caractéristique « féminine » et se concentrent plutôt sur le nouveau langage de résistance et de mouvement social. Cette contribution a voulu combler cette lacune en donnant la parole aux femmes activistes de Gezi. L’auteure observe d’abord ce que signifie, pour la société turque, l’émergence d’un nouveau type d’individualisme, l’individualisme solidariste, et son impact sur la subjectivation des activistes femmes jeunes et sur celle des femmes de la génération précédente. Elle interroge ensuite la constitution de nouveaux types d’organisation et d’alteractivisme, en essayant de comprendre quels sont les écarts entre ce nouveau type d’activisme et celui hérité de la génération précédente. Ce dernier ne va pas forcément dans le sens d’un renforcement de la capacité d’agir et de devenir acteur dans la société.
L’actualité de la Grande Guerre et de son règlement dans le Moyen-Orient contemporain
Authors: de Gayffier-Bonneville Anne-Claire 
Published: June 2016

À l’heure où des forces politiques ébranlent les constructions étatiques issues de l’Empire ottoman, nous postulons qu’un regard par-dessus un siècle peut éclairer certains enjeux des évolutions les plus récentes. Notre étude s’organise autour de trois axes, en premier lieu la formation de la Turquie moderne qui enterre le projet d’autonomie kurde. Or, la guerre conduite par les Kurdes contre le groupe « État islamique » donne à cette communauté oubliée l’espoir d’une reconnaissance par la communauté internationale. Dans un second temps, nous nous intéresserons à la formation des États arabes, aujourd’hui défiés par « l’État islamique ». Enfin, le chef de guerre Abû Bakr al-Baghdâdî prétend faire revivre, à travers la proclamation du califat, une institution multiséculaire abolie en 1924.
Le canal de Suez : une route stratégique au cœur des conflits du Moyen-Orient au XX e siècle
Authors: Piquet Caroline 
Published: June 2016

Entre Méditerranée et mer Rouge, entre Afrique et Asie, le canal de Suez est une voie majeure de contrôle du Moyen-Orient. Au xx e siècle, il compte parmi les routes qui ont soulevé le plus de passions, de conflits géopolitiques et d’enjeux économiques aussi bien à l’échelle internationale que régionale. Lors des deux guerres mondiales, il s’impose comme un élément essentiel de la maîtrise de la Méditerranée. Des années 1950 aux années 1970, il condense les tensions qui secouent le Moyen-Orient, à la fois symbole de la décolonisation dans un contexte de guerre froide et front militaire lors des guerres israélo-arabes. Enfin, le canal de Suez représente pour l’Égypte un enjeu de premier plan quant à sa stabilité : emblème de la reconquête politique et de l’indépendance économique, il demeure l’objet de tensions dans un Moyen-Orient soumis à la question pétrolière et aux risques terroristes et de piraterie.
Palestine-Israël : Moments structurants et droit international (1917-2015)
Authors: Antonius Rachad 
Published: June 2016

Partant d’une analyse du débat de 1922 à la Chambre des Lords britannique au sujet du Mandat sur la Palestine, ce texte propose une lecture de la transformation de la Palestine fondée sur trois moments structurants: 1917-1922, 1947-1949, et 1989-1993. Les règles du jeu établies à chacun de ces moments ont prédéterminé la palette des issues possibles pour les décennies suivantes. Chaque moment est caractérisé par un recours différencié au droit international par le mouvement sioniste puis par l’État d’Israël : d’abord une légitimation de l’entreprise par le recours indirect au droit, via la puissance mandataire ; puis un recours sélectif au droit international en tant qu’acteur étatique ; et enfin un contournement du droit international par la soustraction processus de négociation au contrôle de l’ONU.