bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behaviorally oriented nutrition education at a Russian summer camp improves children’s dietary choices: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Rosenkranz Richard R. , Rodicheva Natalia , Updike Natalie , Rosenkranz Sara K. , Dzewaltowski David A. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background
It is presently unknown whether behaviorally oriented, theory-based nutrition education from a Western context could be effective for improving healthy eating behavior and its psychosocial determinants among Russian children. Effective nutrition education delivered in summer programs could potentially impact dietary patterns and play an important role in efforts to reduce childhood obesity. We hypothesized that nutrition education including an additional behavioral skills component would be superior to nutrition education without this component and that boys and girls would differ in their response to nutrition education.

Methods
Boys (n = 19) and girls (n = 21), aged 8–12 years, were assigned to one of two conditions receiving 15 daily sessions of behaviorally oriented, theory-based nutrition education. One condition received an additional skills training component, including activities such as snack preparation, role-playing, and games. An innovative objective measure was used to assess change in healthy snack choices. Psychosocial determinants of healthy eating (i.e., healthy eating knowledge, fruit self-efficacy, vegetable self-efficacy, healthy eating attitudes, and fruit and vegetable enjoyment) were assessed via questionnaire.

Results
Across both educational conditions, there were significant improvements in healthy snack choices (p < .001; Cohen’s d effect size = 1.33), attitudes (p = 0.001; d = 0.55), and knowledge (p < 0.001; d = 0.80), but not self-efficacy for fruit (p = 0.822; d = 0.04), vegetables (p = 0.118; d = 0.25), or enjoyment of fruits and vegetables (p = 0.472; d = 0.12). Contrary to our hypothesis, there were no significant differences in any change scores by nutrition educational condition (p > 0.05). Among the six outcomes, there was one significant sex difference for fruit and vegetable enjoyment change score (p = 0.002), as girls showed a larger increase in enjoyment over time compared to boys, and the overall nutrition education effects differed by sex (F = 3.03, p = 0.019).

Conclusions
Nutrition education, with or without behavioral skills training, was associated with improved healthy snack choices, healthy eating attitudes, and knowledge, but the impact differed by sex. Future research should evaluate the long-term impacts of behaviorally oriented nutrition education among Russian boys and girls.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03077464
Patient Preferences for Primary Care Provider Roles in Breast Cancer Survivorship Care
Authors: Wallner Lauren P. , Li Yun , Furgal Allison K.C. , Friese Christopher R. , Hamilton Ann S. , Ward Kevin C. , Jagsi Reshma , Katz Steven J. , Hawley Sarah T. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose Prior studies have suggested a need for greater clarity about provider roles in team-based cancer care; however, little is known about patients’ preferences regarding which providers handle their care needs after primary cancer treatment. Methods We surveyed women with newly diagnosed stages 0 to II breast cancer who were treated in 2014 and 2015 as reported to the Georgia and Los Angeles SEER registries (N = 2,372; 68% response rate). Patient preferences regarding which provider handles the following care needs after treatment were ascertained: follow-up mammograms, screening for other cancers, general preventive care, and comorbidity management. Associations between patient demographic factors with preferences for provider roles—oncology-directed care versus primary care provider (PCP)–directed care—were assessed by using multivariable logistic regression. Results The majority of women preferred that their PCPs handle general preventive care (79%) and comorbidity care (84%), but a notable minority of women preferred that their oncologists direct this care (21% and 16%, respectively). Minority women—black and Asian versus white—and women with a high school education or less—versus undergraduate college education or more—displayed greater odds of preferring oncology-directed care—versus PCP-directed care—for their general preventive care (black odds ratio [OR], 2.01; 95% CI, 1.43 to 2.82; Asian OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.13 to 2.69; high school education or less OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.10 to 2.08). Similar variations existed for comorbidity care. Conclusion In this sample, minority women and those with less education more often preferred that oncologists direct certain aspects of their care after breast cancer treatment that are normally delivered by a PCP. Efforts to clarify provider roles in survivorship care to patients may be effective in improving team-based cancer care.
Who Goes There?
Authors: Foa Jérémie 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This article reflects on the ordeals a community experienced when trust suddenly disintegrated and it was confronted by the presence—real or imagined—of an “internal enemy” ready to strike anywhere and at anyone. This enemy was even more frightening and damaging because it was concealed within the apathy, banality, routine, and comfort of daily life. In such a society, encountering the other and presenting the self became matters of life and death, rather than merely means of protecting social honor. What skills were called upon to flush out “suspects” or were necessary to flee a city massacring its inhabitants? The Wars of Religion (1562–98) can help us to think about a society confronted with the eruption of sudden violence that, like terrorism, comes from within the community.
La présente contribution se propose de réfléchir aux épreuves subies par la communauté quand la confiance se délite soudainement, quand une société est confrontée à la présence—réelle ou fantasmée—d'un « ennemi intérieur » prêt à frapper n'importe où, n'importe qui, tapi dans l'indolence, la banalité, la routine et le confort du quotidien. Dans cette société, la reconnaissance d'autrui et la présentation de soi n'ont plus pour but de protéger l'honneur social mais engagent des questions de vie ou de mort. Quelles sont les compétences mobilisées pour débusquer les « suspects », celles nécessaires aussi pour fuir une ville qui massacre ses habitants ? Les guerres de Religion (1562–98) peuvent aider à penser une société confrontée à l'irruption d'une violence soudaine et, à l'image du terrorisme, venue de l'intérieur de la communauté.
Conversion, Family, and Authority in Seventeenth-Century Saumur
Authors: Marr Scott M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractEpisodes of conversion in early modern France could lay bare conceptions of community and authority that underpinned state and society. The conversion of the twelve-year-old daughter of a Huguenot apothecary to Catholicism at Saumur in 1642 serves as an entry into an examination of Catholic-Huguenot relations under the Edict of Nantes. The city's Catholic magistrates questioned the girl, Elisabeth Liger, and determined that her professed conversion was sincere. Satisfied of her Catholicism, the magistrates ordered that she be removed from her parents' authority so she could live as a Catholic. The judges' decision reveals two essential weaknesses that seventeenth-century Huguenots faced: their lack of institutional power to shape political and judicial decision making at the local level and their secondary legal status under the Edict of Nantes.En France à l'époque moderne, les épisodes de conversion mettent en relief les concepts de communauté et d'autorité sur lesquels reposent l'Etat et la société. La conversion au catholicisme de la fille mineure d'un apothicaire huguenot à Saumur en 1642 sert de point d'entrée à l'examen des relations entre catholiques et huguenots sous l'Edit de Nantes. Les magistrats catholiques de la ville ont interrogé la fille, nommée Elisabeth Liger, et ont déterminé que sa conversion était sincère. Convaincus de son catholicisme, les magistrats ont donc ordonné qu'Elisabeth soit retirée à l'autorité de ses parents pour qu'elle puisse vivre en tant que catholique. La décision des juges révèle deux faiblesses essentielles auxquelles les huguenots au dix-septième siècle doivent faire face : leur manque de pouvoir institutionnel pour influencer les décisions politiques et judiciaires au niveau local, et leur statut juridique inférieur sous l'Edit de Nantes.
The role of ethnic identity in shaping Personality of an employee of law-enforcement bodies
Authors: Кутепова  , Kutyepova Marina 
Published: July 2017

In the article the definition of ethnic identity of a person is given, the features of its formation are described, the cognitive and affective components are described, the results of the research confirming the importance of ethnic identification and the expression of its components for characterizing the development of personality are presented.
The results of the study confirming the importance of ethnic identification and the expression of components of ethnic identity for characterizing the characteristics of personality development, foreseeing the results of its socialization are presented.
Quality of life in patients with leg ulcers: results from CHALLENGE, a double-blind randomised controlled trial
Authors: Meaume S. , Dompmartin A. , Lok C. , Lazareth I. , Sigal M. , Truchetet F. , Sauvadet A. , Bohbot S. ,   On behalf of the CHALLENGE Study Group
Published: July 2017

Objective:We recently showed the superiority of a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) modulating dressing (foam impregnated with NOSF, nano-oligosaccharide factor) compared with a lipidocolloid matrix (TLC) control dressing in median wound area reduction (WAR). Here we report the results from the same study assessing the performance and safety of TLC-NOSF in the local management of venous leg ulcers (VLUs) or mixed leg ulcers and determining its impact on the patient's health-related quality of life (HRQoL).Method:A superiority randomised double-blind controlled trial was conducted on patients presenting with a non-infected leg ulcer (VLUs or mixed leg ulcers) of predominantly venous origin (ABPI >0.8), with a surface area ranging from 5 to 50cm2and a duration of 6 to 36 months. Patients were randomly allocated to either the TLC-NOSF matrix foam (UrgoStart) dressing group or to the neutral TLC foam dressing group (UrgoTul Absorb). All received appropriate compression therapy and the wounds were assessed blindly (clinical examination, wound area tracing and photographic record) every 2 weeks for a period of 8 weeks, or until complete closure. A secondary endpoint, described here, was the patient's HRQoL, documented by the patient, through the EuroQol 5D tool (EQ-5D) questionnaire and visual analogue scale (VAS).Results:In total, 187 patients were randomised to either the TLC-NOSF group (n=94) or the control dressing group (n=93). The two groups were well balanced at baseline with regard to wound and patient characteristics. In the HRQoL questionnaire (EQ-5D), the pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression dimensions were significantly improved in the TLC-NOSF group versus the control one (pain/discomfort: 1.53±0.53 versus 1.74±0.65; p=0.022, and anxiety/depression: 1.35±0.53 versus 1.54±0.60, p=0.037). The VAS score was better in the test group compared with the control group (72.1±17.5 versus 67.3±18.7, respectively), without reaching significance (p=0.072). Acceptability and tolerance of the two products were similar in both groups.Conclusion:The double-blind clinical trial has demonstrated that the TLC-NOSF matrix dressing promotes faster healing of VLUs and mixed leg ulcers and significantly reduces the pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression experienced by the patients. These results suggest that acceleration of VLU healing could improve the HRQoL of the patients and reduced the emotional and social burden of these chronic wounds.
Differences in Kernel Shape, Size, and Density between Healthy Kernels and Mold Discolored Kernels and their Relationship to Reduction in Aflatoxin Levels in a Sample of Shelled Corn
Authors: Shi Hu , Stroshine Richard L , Ileleji Klein 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Unacceptably high levels of aflatoxin in shelled corn drastically reduce its market value and result in substantial economic losses. This study looked at the reduction in aflatoxin levels that could be achieved by removal of kernels discolored by mold and presumed to contain aflatoxin. The study related kernel physical characteristics to the reduction achieved using screening and density separation techniques which are currently in use in the grain industry. Physical properties of corn kernels discolored by mold and healthy corn kernels were determined in a sample taken from a 737 kg corn lot known to have relatively high levels of aflatoxin. Properties measured included kernel diameters, sphericity, and kernel density. Differences between discolored and healthy kernels in major diameter, minor diameter, sphericity, and density were statistically significant. Tests were also conducted at a commercial inbred seed corn processing facility using a screen cleaner and a gravity table. Removal of fine material (approximately 10% by weight) reduced aflatoxin levels by 84%. In two successive passes through a screen cleaner, removal of smaller kernels and kernel pieces with a round-hole sieve further reduced aflatoxin levels by 1.8% and 9.4%, respectively. After the smaller kernels and kernel pieces were added back to the lot, two successive passes through a gravity table reduced aflatoxin levels by 12.6% and 16.4%, respectively. Kernel density distributions of a sample taken before gravity table density sorting, and of samples of the higher and lower density fractions after sorting, were also determined. The effect of screening with a slotted sieve was studied by screening a 3 kg sample from the corn lot using a table top Clipper cleaner. This 3 kg sample had been previously screened to remove fines. The results indicate that, at least for some corn lots, aflatoxin levels can be reduced using a screen cleaner and a gravity table. The authors also concluded that insight into the effectiveness of aflatoxin reduction in corn by size and density sorting could be gained by conducting a size and density analysis on a representative sample of kernels taken from the corn being sorted. Keywords: Aflatoxin, Corn, Density, Gravity table, Physical properties, Screening, Sieves.
Comparison of Spray Configurations in a Spray Cabin Design for Ornamental Potted Plants: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Zwertvaegher Ingrid , Foqué Dieter , Dekeyser Donald , Van Weyenberg Stephanie , Nuyttens David 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. With the implementation of integrated pest management in the European Union, growers are obliged to manage pests in a manner that minimizes health and environmental risks due to the use of plant protection products. Among other approaches, this goal can be achieved by optimizing spray application techniques. As an alternative to the predominantly used handheld equipment, such as spray guns, spray boom systems might substantially improve spray application, and thus crop protection management, in greenhouses. The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to compare different spray configurations in a spray cabin designed to spray ornamental potted plants that are moving on a conveyor belt. Seven different spray configurations were examined for optimal spray deposition in two crops (azalea and ivy) using mineral chelate tracers. The deposition tests showed that the presented prototype can satisfactorily spray potted plants up to a height of 25 cm including the pot height. The best spray deposition was found with two flat-fan nozzles oriented 35° upward, spraying at 1.0 bar and an application rate of 1047 L ha-1. This configuration increased deposition on the underside of the leaves and at the middle foliage layer compared to the other configurations that were evaluated. The spray cabin with a band spray setting has potential to mitigate the use of plant protection products and achieve a more efficient spray application compared to traditional handheld techniques and broadcast spray boom techniques. Keywords: Crop protection, Integrated pest management, Nozzle type, Spray deposition.
Factors Affecting Model Sensitivity and Uncertainty: Application to an Irrigation Scheduler
Authors: Linhoss Anna C. , Tagert Mary Love , Buka Hazel , Sassenrath Gretchen 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. This work describes the global sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of the Mississippi Irrigation Scheduling Tool (MIST) using the Sobol’ method. An often overlooked but driving factor in any sensitivity and uncertainty analysis is the selection of the prior probability distribution functions (PDFs) that are used to describe parameter and input uncertainty. These prior PDFs have a direct impact on the total model uncertainty as well as the ranking of importance of model inputs and parameters. Furthermore, an uncertainty and sensitivity analysis generally focuses on a single objective function for analysis, but model outputs are often analyzed and summarized using a variety of objective functions. Therefore, it is important to include this variety of objective functions in any sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. In this article, we show how the choice of prior PDFs and objective functions impacts the ranking of important parameters and inputs in the MIST model. For example, under the “first day to irrigate” objective function, precipitation was the most important input when using informed prior PDFs, but precipitation ranked as the tenth most important input when using uninformed prior PDFs. Similarly, when using the uninformed prior PDFs, the curve number was the second most important input for the water balance objective function but only the eighth most important when assessing the “first day to irrigate” objective function. Furthermore, in the MIST model, increasing model complexity through the addition of algorithms, inputs, and parameters increases model uncertainty. Finally, in this particular application using the data described, the crop coefficient and precipitation were the most important parameters or inputs, while the initial abstraction and minimum temperature were the least important parameters or inputs. These results provide theoretical insights into sensitivity and uncertainty analysis studies as well as context-specific implications for strategic enhancement of the MIST model. Keywords: Crop water use, Evapotranspiration, Irrigation scheduling, Objective function, Probability distribution function, Sensitivity analysis, Uncertainty analysis.
Mechanical Properties of Switchgrass and Miscanthus
Authors: Liu Bo , Koc A. Bulent 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The mechanical properties of energy crops in the longitudinal and transverse directions are necessary for modeling and simulation of biomass stems. Modeling of biomass stems would help in analyzing the interactions between processing equipment and biomass material before building physical systems. While some of the mechanical properties of switchgrass and miscanthus stems are available in the literature, these properties are not complete for modeling and simulation of these materials. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the mechanical properties of switchgrass and miscanthus stems by using compressive, tensile, and shearing tests in the longitudinal and transverse directions. Tensile, compressive, and shear strengths and modulus of elasticity of switchgrass and miscanthus tended to decrease with decreasing stem diameter in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. Tensile and compressive strengths of the first internode of switchgrass were 178.0 and 27.3 MPa in the longitudinal direction and 0.7 and 4.1 MPa in the transverse direction. Shear strength for the first internode of switchgrass was 2.2 and 21.1 MPa in the longitudinal and transverse directions. Tensile and compressive strengths of the first internode of miscanthus were 373.1 and 56.9 MPa in the longitudinal direction and 1.8 and 6.3 MPa in the transverse direction. Shear strength for the first internode of miscanthus was 94.4 and 8.7 MPa in the transverse and longitudinal directions. The experimental data collected in this research would be useful for the development of simulation models for investigating the interactions between shearing tools and energy crops and in designing harvest and particle reduction equipment. Further research would be useful for determining the effects of moisture content, growth conditions, and maturity stage on the mechanical properties of these crops. Keywords: Biofuel, Compressive strength, Miscanthus, Shear strength, Switchgrass, Tensile strength.
Thermochemical Conversion: A Prospective Swine Manure Solution for North Carolina
Authors: Lentz Zachary A , Classen John , Kolar Praveen 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The growth of North Carolina’s swine industry in recent decades has led to a subsequent increase in the production of swine manure. This manure represents a potential threat to environmental and human health, as well as an opportunity to add value to pork production. Technologies for treating swine manure safely while generating products to offset costs are part of an expanding field of research centered on sustainable food production for our growing population. Thermochemical conversion processes use heat to degrade organic feedstocks and drive chemical reactions, which generate valuable products. The high moisture content of swine manure is prohibitive for most thermochemical processes, but gasification and hydrothermal carbonization may be more accommodating. Gasification, a time-tested thermochemical conversion process, yields a combustible gas through a series of endothermic reactions, and hydrothermal carbonization yields a solid, coal-like char that can be used as a fuel or chemical precursor. Advances in thermochemical conversion processes have indicated the potential for yielding valuable products from swine manure, but viable scalable processes are still under development, requiring further research to apply these processes to swine manure management and evaluate the usefulness of their products. This review (1) describes, generally, thermochemical conversion via both hydrothermal gasification (HTG) and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), (2) shows the usefulness of each conversion process for biomass, and (3) discusses the potential of HTG and HTC of swine manure to enhance the value of pork production. Keywords: Energy, Gases, Hydrothermal carbonization, Hydrothermal gasification, Pig manure, Pigs, Sustainable.