bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermomechanical properties and microstructure of concrete made with recycled concrete aggregates after exposure to high temperatures
Authors: Fernandes Bruno , Carré Hélène , Gaborieau Cécile , Mindeguia Jean‐Christophe , Perlot Céline , La Borderie Christian , Anguy Yannick 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUsing recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) in concrete has emerged as a promising solution to produce concrete with reduced environmental impact and adequate performance. However, a deeper understanding of the thermal and mechanical behavior of concrete made with RCA is still needed for further application in real structures. The present paper addresses one of the crucial issues for structural concrete: its behavior after exposure to high temperature. Four concrete mixes are studied: a reference concrete made with natural aggregates (NA), two concretes including 40% and 100% of coarse RCA as a direct replacement (DR) for coarse NA, and a concrete made with 100% of coarse RCA relying on a strength‐based replacement (SBR). The SBR concrete mix was designed to achieve the same performance (28 days compressive strength and slump) as the reference concrete. All specimens were exposed to temperatures of 200, 400, and 600°C. After cooling, samples were evaluated for residual mass loss, thermal, and mechanical properties. Microstructural quantitative analyses were conducted over several square millimeters to show that interfaces between the old and new cement pastes, peculiar to concrete made with RCA, do not further promote fracture development. The results show that after exposure to high temperatures, the thermal and mechanical performances of concrete made with RCA are reduced in the same manner and extent as in concrete made with NA. When the RCA‐based concrete is designed to achieve similar performance as concrete with NA at room temperature (SBR), the residual thermomechanical behavior is similar between both concretes.
Modeling of Catalyst Degradation in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells Applied to Three‐Dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Fink Clemens , Edjokola Joel Mata , Telenta Marijo , Bodner Merit 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell, the following degradation mechanisms are associated with the catalyst particles and their support: carbon support corrosion triggered by carbon and platinum oxidation, platinum dissolution with redeposition, and particle detachment with agglomeration. In this work, an electrochemical model for those degradation effects is presented as well as its coupling with a three‐dimensional computational fluid dynamics PEM fuel cell performance model. The overall model is used to calculate polarization curves and current density distributions of a PEM fuel cell in a fresh and aged state as well as the degradation process during an accelerated stress test with 30 000 voltage cycles. The obtained simulation results are compared to measurements on a three‐serpentine channel PEM fuel cell with an active area of 25 cm2 under various temperatures and humidities. The experimental data are obtained with a segmented test cell using respective degradation protocols and test conditions proposed by the United States Department of Energy. In addition to the temperature and humidity changes, the influence of geometry and material parameters on the degree of degradation and the resulting fuel cell performance is explored in detail.
Egr1 Expression Is Correlated With Synaptic Activity but Not Intrinsic Membrane Properties in Mouse Adult‐Born Dentate Granule Cells
Authors: Ohline Shane M. , Logan Barbara J. , Hughes Stephanie M. , Abraham Wickliffe C. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe discovery of adult‐born granule cells (aDGCs) in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus has raised questions regarding how they develop, incorporate into the hippocampal circuitry, and contribute to learning and memory. Here, we used patch‐clamp electrophysiology to investigate the intrinsic and synaptic excitability of mouse aDGCs as they matured, enabled by using a tamoxifen‐induced genetic label to birth date the aDGCs at different animal ages. Importantly, we also undertook immunofluorescence studies of the expression of the immediate early gene Egr1 and compared these findings with the electrophysiology data in the same animals. We examined two groups of animals, with aDGC birthdating when the mice were 2 months and at 7–9 months of age. In both groups, cells 4 weeks old had lower thresholds for current‐evoked action potentials than older cells but fired fewer spikes during long current pulses and responded more poorly to synaptic activation. aDGCs born in both 2 and 7–9‐month‐old mice matured in their intrinsic excitability and synaptic properties from 4–12 weeks postgenesis, but this occurred more slowly for the older age animals. Interestingly, this pattern of intrinsic excitability changes did not correlate with the pattern of Egr1 expression. Instead, the development of Egr1 expression was correlated with the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents. These results suggest that in order for aDGCs to fully participate in hippocampal circuitry, as indicated by Egr1 expression, they must have developed enough synaptic input, in spite of the greater input resistance and reduced firing threshold that characterizes young aDGCs.
Prediction of poor prognosis using the peak systolic velocity and early diastolic velocity of the central retinal artery in patients with post‐cardiac arrest syndrome
Authors: Choi Wook Jin , Lee Jae Hoon 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionMonitoring intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients with post‐cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) is crucial for effective management and prognosis assessment. However, continuous ICP monitoring is rarely practiced. Increased ICP is often associated with the impairment of brain autoregulation. This study investigated whether central retinal artery (CRA) flow velocity, autoregulation status according to mean arterial pressure (MAP), and the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD)/eyeball transverse diameter (ETD) ratio could predict poor prognosis related to increased ICP in PCAS patients.MethodsIn this multicenter prospective observational study, transocular ultrasonography of the optic nerve sheath was performed on 38 PCAS patients treated with targeted temperature management from December 2021 to November 2022. CRA peak systolic velocity (PSV), early diastolic velocity (eDV), MAP, CRA‐PSV changes following MAP changes (autoregulation), and ONSD/ETD ratio were measured repeatedly from days 0 to 4 post‐admission.ResultsUnivariable analysis indicated that CRA‐PSV, nonpositive or flat CRA‐eDV, and disrupted autoregulation correlated with a poor prognosis (Cerebral Performance Category 4 or 5). In multivariable analysis, nonpositive CRA‐eDV or disrupted autoregulation was the most significant predictor of poor prognosis (odds ratio, 40.576; p = 0.002), with an area under the curve of 0.774. The ONSD/ETD ratio did not show a significant correlation.ConclusionsNonpositive CRA‐eDV, CRA‐PSV and disrupted autoregulation can predict poor prognosis in PCAS patients. Transocular Doppler ultrasonography of the CRA and autoregulation assessment may aid in ICP monitoring and management in PCAS patients.
Strategies for Top–Down Hydrogen Deuterium Exchange‐Mass Spectrometry: A Mini Review and Perspective
Authors: Langford Joel B. , Ahmed Elizabeth , Fang Mulin , Cupp‐Sutton Kellye , Smith Kenneth , Wu Si 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTHydrogen deuterium‐exchange mass spectrometry (HDX‐MS) is commonly used in the study of protein dynamics and protein interactions. By measuring the isotopic exchange of backbone amide hydrogens in solution, HDX‐MS offers valuable structural insights into challenging biological systems. Traditional HDX‐MS approaches utilize bottom–up (BU) proteomics, in which deuterated proteins are digested before MS analysis. BU‐HDX enables the characterization of proteins with various sizes in simple protein mixtures or complex biological samples such as cell lysates. However, BU methods are inherently limited by the inability to resolve protein sub‐populations arising from different protein conformations, such as those arising from post‐translational modifications (PTMs). Alternatively, top–down (TD) HDX‐MS detects the global deuterium uptake at the intact proteoform level, allowing direct probing of structural changes due to protein–protein interactions, PTMs, or conformational changes. Combining TD‐HDX‐MS with electron‐based fragmentation techniques, such as electron capture dissociation (ECD) and electron transfer dissociation (ETD), has demonstrated the feasibility of studying intact protein interactions with amino acid‐level resolution. Here, we present a brief overview of methodologies, limitations, and applications of TD‐HDX‐MS using direct infusion techniques and LC‐based approaches. Furthermore, we conclude with a perspective on the future directions for TD‐HDX‐MS.
Feasibility of Super‐thin Anterolateral Thigh Free Flap for Oral and Pharyngeal Reconstruction
Authors: Chisolm Paul , Dowd John , Zheng Wynne , Wu Eric , Pierce Matthew , Davidson Bruce , Maxwell Jessica , Reilly Michael , Giurintano Jonathan 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesTo highlight the feasibility of employing super‐thin ALT free flaps for reconstruction of complex oral cavity and oropharyngeal defects.MethodsRetrospective chart review.ResultsSixteen super‐thin ALT free flaps were performed in 15 patients between 2020 and 2023 for reconstruction of oral cavity defects (seven oral tongue, three floor of mouth, three buccal, two oropharynx, one lower lip). Flap success rate was 100% with only minor complications reported, with no patient requiring return to the operating room within 30 days and no patient requiring radial forearm free flap reconstruction. One patient experienced partial flap failure, one patient experienced superficial necrosis of the distal skin paddle measuring 1 cm, and one patient was converted intraoperatively to a contralateral traditional ALT free flap due to insufficient perforator size. Average operative time was 509 min, average length of hospitalization was nine days, and two patients required gastrostomy placement prior to discharge for dysphagia.ConclusionsSuper‐thin ALT free flap harvest technique represents a feasible option for oral cavity and oropharyngeal reconstruction in select patients and does not require additional surgical training, invasive testing, or technology. It can be readily adopted by reconstructive surgeons with a simple adaptation in existing ALT harvest technique.Level of EvidenceLevel 4 Laryngoscope, 2024
Green Energy and Land Resources: COP27 Perspective of BRICS Economic Growth and Land Production
Authors: Teng Yin‐Pei 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn contemporary times, managing land resources and green energy from the COP27 perspective is a burning issue, attracting the attention of policymakers and scholars to attaining sustainable economic growth. In emerging economies, the adoption of both green energy and land resources is rapidly increasing to encourage economic productivity. In this regard, the current research explores the impact of oil resource fluctuations on the economic growth of the BRICS economies. In addition, this research contemplates the role of technological innovation, energy efficiency, and gross capital formation during 1990–2021. Using several econometric approaches, the results indicate the variables' stationarity and the cointegration between variables. Since most of the study variables follow a nonnormal distribution, this work employs a novel moments quantile regression. The estimation outcomes revealed that oil resource fluctuations, energy efficiency, technological innovation, and gross capital formation are substantial economic performance and growth drivers. The robustness of the empirical model is also tested via parametric (robust least squares) and nonparametric (quantile regression) approaches. Bidirectional causality estimates are reported between these variables except for the oil resource fluctuations that unidirectionally cause economic performance. Based on these estimates, this research recommends the sustainable management of oil resources and further investment in energy efficiency and technological innovation to attain sustainable economic performance.
Altmetric.com or PlumX: Does it matter?
Authors: Rasuli Behrooz , Nabavi Majid 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAltmetric.com and PlumX are two prominent tools for collecting alternative metrics data. This study has two main objectives: first, to evaluate how the choice between Altmetric.com and PlumX affects the results of alternative metrics analysis, and second, to investigate the social impact of ‘hot papers’ through the alternative metrics data provided by these platforms. We employed a descriptive and exploratory approach, gathering common alternative metrics from 4236 hot papers using both Altmetric.com and PlumX. The data collected included various alternative metrics such as policy mentions, Mendeley readers, Wikipedia mentions, blog mentions, Facebook mentions, and news mentions, in addition to citation counts from Scopus. We conducted descriptive statistics and inferential analyses to examine the relationships between citations and alternative metrics, as well as to compare the data obtained from both platforms. Our findings indicate that PlumX has broader coverage of hot papers compared to Altmetric.com. While the mean and individual values of alternative metrics differ between the two platforms, the median and geometric mean are similar. Both Altmetric.com and PlumX demonstrate that publications with higher citation counts tend to receive more online attention. Notably, all alternative metrics for Immunology and Chemistry showed statistically significant differences between the two platforms, whereas in Mathematics, alternative metrics (with the exception of Mendeley readers) did not exhibit significant differences. The findings suggest that researchers should be aware of potential variations in data captured by different alternative metrics platforms. Additionally, interpreting alternative metrics data requires caution, considering the research fields and the specific platform used.
Pathway‐based prediction of the therapeutic effects and mode of action of custom‐made multiherbal medicines
Authors: Ezoe Akihiro , Shimada Yuki , Sawada Ryusuke , Douke Akihiro , Shibata Tomokazu , Kadowaki Makoto , Yamanishi Yoshihiro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMultiherbal medicines are traditionally used as personalized medicines with custom combinations of crude drugs; however, the mechanisms of multiherbal medicines are unclear. In this study, we developed a novel pathway‐based method to predict therapeutic effects and the mode of action of custom‐made multiherbal medicines using machine learning. This method considers disease‐related pathways as therapeutic targets and evaluates the comprehensive influence of constituent compounds on their potential target proteins in the disease‐related pathways. Our proposed method enabled us to comprehensively predict new indications of 194 Kampo medicines for 87 diseases. Using Kampo‐induced transcriptomic data, we demonstrated that Kampo constituent compounds stimulated the disease‐related proteins and a customized Kampo formula enhanced the efficacy compared with an existing Kampo formula. The proposed method will be useful for discovering effective Kampo medicines and optimizing custom‐made multiherbal medicines in practice.
Parallel transmit hybrid pulse design for controlled on‐resonance magnetization transfer in R1 mapping at 7T
Authors: Leitão David , Tomi‐Tricot Raphael , Bridgen Philippa , Di Cio Pierluigi , Liebig Patrick , Gumbrecht Rene , Ritter Dieter , Giles Sharon , Hajnal Joseph V. , Malik Shaihan J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeThis work proposes a “hybrid” RF pulse design method for parallel transmit (pTx) systems to simultaneously control flip angle and root‐mean‐squared (). These pulses are generally only designed for flip angle, however, this can lead to uncontrolled , which then leads to variable magnetization transfer (MT) effects. We demonstrate the hybrid design approach for quantitative imaging where both flip angle and are important.Theory and MethodsA dual cost function optimization is performed containing the normalized mean squared errors of the flip angle and distributions weighted by a parameter . Simulations were conducted to study the behavior of both properties when simultaneously optimizing them. In vivo experiments on a 7T MRI system with an 8‐channel pTx head coil were carried out to study the effect of the hybrid design approach on variable flip angle (= 1/T1) mapping.ResultsSimulations showed that both flip angle and can be homogenized simultaneously without detriment to either when compared to an individual optimization. By homogenizing flip angle and , maps were more uniform (coefficient of variation 6.6% vs. 13.0%) compared to those acquired with pulses that only homogenized flip angle.ConclusionThe proposed hybrid design homogenizes on‐resonance MT effects while homogenizing the flip angle distribution, with only a small detriment in the latter compared to a pulse that just homogenizes flip angle. This improved mapping by controlling incidental MT effects, yielding more uniform maps.
Long‐Term Laryngeal Function and Quality of Life Following Treatment of Early Glottic Cancer: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Qasem Mustafa , Qasem Noor , Kinshuck Andrew , Milinis Kristijonas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo review the literature concerning long‐term functional outcomes and quality of life (QoL) in patients undergoing transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) versus radiotherapy (RT) for early glottic cancer.Data SourcesA systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library from inception until April 2024.Review MethodsArticles considered were primary studies directly comparing the 2 treatment modalities in a population of T1 and T2 glottic cancer. Interest outcomes were patient report outcome measures (PROMs) of vocal function and QoL, clinician‐reported measures, and acoustic analyses parameters.ResultsThere was no significant difference between TLM and RT in grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, strain (relative risk, 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.60‐2.07; I2 = 90.96; P < .001), Voice Handicap Inventory‐30 scores (standardized mean difference [SME] 0.51; 95% CI, −0.04‐1.07; I2 = 89.72; P < .001), or fundamental frequency (SME 0.56; 95% CI, −0.14‐1.25; I2 = 91.12; P < .001). The TLM group had significantly better performance with regards to jitter (SME 0.54; 95% CI, 0.08‐1.00; I2 = 79.42; P < .001) and shimmer (SME 0.53; 95% CI, 0.11‐0.95; I2 = 74.94; P < .001). The risk of bias was assessed to be serious.ConclusionThe findings suggest comparable long‐term PROMs between TLM and RT in the treatment of early glottic carcinoma, with TLM showing better acoustic analysis outcomes. However, the available evidence remains scarce, of high heterogeneity, and at risk of bias. A direct comparison between TLM and RT through large randomized controlled trials is needed to provide more substantial evidence to determine the optimum treatment.
Microbiome of the Middle Meatus, Tonsils, and Adenoids in Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Liu Katie , Pereira Nicola , Subramanian Tejas , Chen Xiaoxuan , Pearlman Aaron , Maresh Alison 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivePediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (PCRS) is a common condition with a significant impact on quality of life. This study compares the microbiome of pediatric patients with and without chronic rhinosinusitis.Study DesignSingle‐center, prospective, quantitative case‐control.SettingMetropolitan.MethodsPatients undergoing adenoidectomy for PCRS (subjects, n = 20) or obstructive sleep apnea (controls, n = 20) were recruited. 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing was performed on the right middle meatus (MM), adenoid, and palatine tonsil samples from each patient. Alpha diversity was measured by the Simpson's diversity index, beta diversity was measured by the Bray‐Curtis dissimilarity index, and the differential abundance of bacteria genera was analyzed.ResultsThere were 40 adenoid, 40 tonsil, and 37 MM samples analyzed. There was no significant difference in alpha diversity between controls and subjects. Tonsils were significantly more diverse than the adenoids, which were more diverse than the MM (P < .001). There was no difference in bacterial composition between controls and subjects, but the composition of the 3 sites were significantly different (P < .001). The dissimilarity in bacterial composition between the adenoid and MM sites was larger in the control group than in the subject group.ConclusionThere were significant differences in alpha diversity and bacterial composition between the anatomic 3 sites; however, there was no difference between the controls and subjects. The larger dissimilarity in bacterial composition between adenoid and MM sites in controls compared to subjects suggests there may be colonization of the MM by the adenoid in PCRS patients.
Roaming Urban Europe: How Can the Scope of Network Governance in the Multilevel Framework of the EU Explain the Performance of the Dutch Urban Envoy
Authors: Groen Rosa Sara , Beeftink Rieneke 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the network governance approach of the Dutch Urban Envoy in the context of multilevel governance in the European Union. This paper aims to answer the research question on how the scope of network governance can explore the performance of the Dutch Urban Envoy. By analyzing network characteristics, such as legitimacy, actor‐level properties, and network‐level properties, this paper seeks to provide a nuanced understanding of the performance of the Dutch Urban Envoy. Drawing on previous research, this paper identifies the applicability and limitations of assessing network characteristics in understanding advocacy processes. The paper successfully visualizes the networks of the Dutch Urban Envoy and explores their roles and mandates, contributing to determining the added value of their position. However, the network governance approach has limitations in explaining the tangible successes and challenges of the Dutch Urban Envoy that cannot be directly attributed to their overall performance.
The dovish turnaround: Germany's social benefit reform and job findings
Authors: Weber Enzo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOn the labor markets, recent decades were characterized by structural supply‐side reforms in many countries. Following its hawkish reforms from the 2000s, Germany has recently made a dovish turnaround. Conditions in basic income support for unemployed became more generous, combined with a focus on qualification and development. Before, a temporary moratorium on sanctions had been imposed, providing a unique policy shift. We analyze the consequences for job findings, building on large administrative data and a novel control group approach. The moratorium dampened job findings by 4% and the subsequent benefit reform by almost 6%—offsetting half of the positive effect of the 2000s reform. Considering reform objectives, so far, we find no improvement in skill level, job stability, or transitions to training.