bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Veterinary Drug Residues in Food Products of Animal Origin and Their Public Health Consequences: A Review
Authors: Mesfin Yeshambel Muluye , Mitiku Birhan Agmas , Tamrat Admasu Habtamu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractVeterinary medications used for disease treatment and prevention may remain in animal‐origin foods, such as milk, eggs, honey and meat, which could pose a risk to the public's health. These drugs come from different groups of drugs, mostly with antibiotic, anti‐parasitic or anti‐inflammatory actions, in a range of food matrices including milk, meat or egg. This review is intended to provide the reader with a general insight about the current status of veterinary drug residues in food products of animal origin, detection methods and their public health consequences. The discovery of antimicrobials has led to the development of antibiotics for treating and preventing cattle illnesses and encouraging growth. However, the rise of drug resistance has led to increased antibiotic consumption and resistance among microbes in the animal habitat. This resistance can be passed to humans directly or indirectly through food consumption and direct or indirect interaction. Improper and illegal use, inadequate withdrawal periods and environmental contamination from veterinary drugs are reported to be the major causes for the formation of residue in food products of animal origin. The use of veterinary products above or below the advised level may also result in short‐ or long‐term public health issues, such as the creation of resistant strains of micro‐organisms, toxicity, allergy, mutagenesis, teratogenicity and carcinogenetic effects. To ensure consumer safety, veterinary drug residues in food must be under control.
Priority areas for outcomes improvement among older adults undergoing inpatient general surgery inclusive of geriatric‐pertinent complications
Authors: Kazaure Hadiza S. , Johnson Kimberly S. , Rosenthal Ronnie , Lagoo‐Deenadayalan Sandhya 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundComprehensive studies on priority areas for improving geriatric surgery outcomes, inclusive of geriatric‐pertinent data, are limited.MethodsThe ACS NSQIP geriatric database (2014–2018) was used to abstract older adults (≥65 years) undergoing inpatient general surgery procedures. Thirty‐day complication, functional decline, and mortality rates were analyzed, with a focus on two geriatric‐pertinent complications: delirium and new/worsening pressure ulcers.ResultsThere were 9062 patients; 41.9% were ≥75 years. Mean age was 73.9 years. The majority of patients were female (54.0%), White (77.7%), and had independent functional status before surgery (94.0%). Overall 30‐day complication, functional decline, and mortality rates were 33.6%, 34.5%, and 3.5%, respectively; failure to the rescue rate was 9.7%. Including geriatric‐pertinent complications increased the overall complication rate by 20.4%. Delirium emerged as the leading complication (11.9%), followed by bleeding (11.1%), and wound‐related complications (10.1%); these three accounted for 53.7% of complications. Delirium and pressure ulcers were associated with a >50% rate of postoperative functional decline (52.0% and 71.4%, respectively); pressure ulcers were also notable for a 25.5% failure to the rescue rate. Both were also among complications most likely to occur following the 3 most common procedures (colorectal surgery, pancreatic resections, and exploratory laparotomy), which overall accounted for approximately 79.6% of complications, 73.4% of patients experiencing functional decline, and 82.3% of mortality.ConclusionsDelirium is the leading complication among older adults undergoing inpatient surgery. Overall, a small number of complications and procedure groups account for most surgical morbidity and mortality among older adults and thus constitute priority areas for outcomes improvement.
Heat transfer enhancement in sodium alginate based micropolar Casson nanofluid using different shapes of Cu‐nanoparticles in a transverse magnetic field
Authors: Rani Samia , Hussanan Abid , Al‐Sharifi H. A. M. , Zannon Mohammad Salim , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSodium alginate (SA) based nanofluids provide a new avenue for the study of heat transfer. Due to their small size, they differ from other fluids in terms of their physical properties. This article will explore how particle shape affects the non‐Newtonian micropolar Casson Cu‐nanofluid made from SA. When subjected to a magnetic field, the sheet stretches/shrinks. The proposed Cu‐nanofluid contains various sizes of nanoparticles: bricks, cylinders, platelets, and blades in a solution containing SA with the Prandtl number Pr  =   6.45. Building upon the Tiwari‐Das nanofluid method, a mathematical model was developed. The necessary conversions are applied so that the non‐linear PDEs are reduced to a system of non‐linear ODEs that are solved numerically together with boundary conditions. By utilizing the Runge‐Kutta‐Fehlberg (RKF) method, numerical solutions for the transformed equations can be identified. As a result, the behavior of several parameters can be studied, as well as the velocity and temperature fields being monitored. Blade‐shaped nanoparticles hold higher temperatures, while platelet‐shaped Cu‐nanoparticles have higher velocities compared to other shapes like bricks and cylinders. It is also discovered that SA has a greater temperature than kerosene.
Entropy analysis of Williamson fluid flow in a vertical porous channel with asymmetric cooling: Adomian decomposition method
Authors: Vyas Paresh , Gajanand  
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe paper presents the execution of the Adomian Decomposition Method to treat thermo‐fluidics of Williamson fluid flow in a vertical parallel plates channel filled with Williamson fluid–saturated porous medium. The channel walls experience asymmetric cooling. The fully developed flow setup constitutes a non‐linear boundary value problem tackled by the Adomain Decomposition Method (ADM) with the help of MAPLE. The computational procedure yields velocity, temperature distributions, skin friction, and Nusselt number. The results thus obtained are compared with those obtained by the RK‐Fehlberg numerical method to ascertain the accuracy of ADM. The results for quantities of interest viz. Skin friction. Nusselt number, entropy, and global entropy are shown in tabular/pictorial forms. These quantities exhibit qualitative and quantitative responses to embedded parameters discussed in detail in results and discussions section.
Chemical reaction attributes for mixed convection radiative hybrid MHD nanofluids flow through permeable disks with morphological interfacial nano‐layer effect
Authors: Raza Qadeer , Wang Xiaodong , Ali Bagh , Shah Nehad Ali 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe current study investigates the flow of two‐dimensional nonlinear mixed convection heat and mass transfer of a hybrid nanofluid between two permeable porous disks. The heat and mass transfer are analyzed considering nonlinear thermal radiation and chemical reactions. In this work, we utilized morphological interfacial nanolayer thermal conductivity to demonstrate the impact of different shape factors, such as spherical, cylindrical, and laminar, on heat transfer analysis. We also incorporated magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow and viscous dissipation. By applying similarity techniques, the complex higher‐order system of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) was transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Two numerical methods, the 4th‐order Runge–Kutta (RK) method, and bvp4c, were utilized to obtain accurate solutions, with comparative analysis performed using the software Mathematica. An increase in nanolayer thickness from 0.4 to 1.6 significantly improved thermal performance. Additionally, an enhancement in the chemical reaction parameter ( from 0.2 to 1 led to an increase in the Sherwood number. We observed that the laminar shape factor provides a significantly better heat transfer rate than spherical and cylindrical shapes in both injection and suction scenarios for the lower porous disk. The effect of nanolayer thermal conductivity on the flow performance of hybrid nanofluids is significantly better compared to the noneffect of thermal conductivity.
Mixed convected synchronization of gyrotactic microorganism flow of an Eyring–Powell nanofluid over a riga plate
Authors: Awan Aziz Ullah , Shah Syed Asif Ali , Qayyum Sidra , Alzubadi Hanadi , Ahammad N. Ameer , Alroobaea Roobaea 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMicroorganism movement may boost the convective transfer of heat by stirring the fluid to encourage mixing. Engineers may improve heat dissipation and maintain temperatures in electrical devices, engines, and industrial machinery by varying microbe proportion and quality. This research aims to gain insight into the rheological effects of an Eyring–Powell nanofluid and the movement of gyrotactic microorganisms on the surface of the Riga plate. The propagation of linear and non‐linear mixed‐convection nanofluid through a Riga plate is also studied. The primary goal of this work is to accelerate the heat transfer rate of nanofluid. The efficiency of heat transport and the ability to postpone boundary layer separation are both influenced by the magnetohydrodynamic force produced by the Riga plate. Regulating problem is converted into dimensionless form using suitable transformations, and the resulting equations are then resolved numerically using the MATLAB program “bvp4c”. The simulations are run for various variables, such as Prandtl numbers, mixed convection parameters, Hartmann numbers, Reynold numbers, Peclet numbers, and Lewis numbers. The outcomes are presented both tabularly and visually. This evaluation shows an increment in the Eyring–Powell fluid and mixed convection parameters, which causes the velocity profiles to rise. However, the reverse is true for an escalation in the magnetic parameters. In addition, the activation energy parameter increases the concentration profile. On the other hand, the Eyring–Powell fluid parameter causes the thermal field to contract. The skin friction at is 45.13% and decreased by 24.07% when for the linear case, while for the quadratic case, it is 43.69% at and deceased 25.58% when . A comparison against an earlier study is also performed to determine the accuracy of the proposed model. An outstanding agreement between current findings and formerly existing solutions shows the legitimacy of the present discoveries.
Prioritise Inclusive, Early, and Continuous Societal Engagement to Maximise the Benefits of Geothermal Technologies
Authors: Rohse Melanie , Barich Amel , Bossennec Claire , Loschetter Annick , Manzella Adele , Pellizzone Anna , Ryder Stacia , Soutar Iain 
Published: September 2024

Policy HighlightsTo achieve the recommendation stated in the chapter title, we propose the following:

Policymakers should mandate that energy decision-making processes be more inclusive, supporting both geothermal representation in large-scale energy deliberation and the inclusive engagement of local communities in individual geothermal projects.

Policymakers should foster inclusive societal engagement that goes beyond the minimal requirements of consulting and informing at planning stage, to incorporate processes of deliberation and co-creation with local communities.

Geothermal industry actors should practise inclusive societal engagement which is early, continuous, and sensitive to the technical specificities (e.g. local resource, subsurface uncertainties) and social challenges (e.g. low public awareness) of geothermal technologies.

Language alignment activities and mutual expert elicitation can support the exchange of knowledge across social-technical disciplines, bridging disciplinary siloes to tackle the problem above.
Increase Social Acceptability of Nuclear Fusion, Agrivoltaics, and Offshore Wind Through National Support Programmes
Authors: Clain Pascal , Khelladi Insaf , Rodrigues Christophe , Biancalani Alessandro , Guerard Guillaume , Rezaee Vessal Saeedeh 
Published: September 2024

Policy HighlightsTo achieve the recommendation stated in the chapter title, we propose the following:

Facilitate the establishment of observatories to monitor social acceptability of low-carbon energy technologies at the EU and national levels.

Offer technical assistance to help Member States incorporate social acceptability factors into their energy transition strategies.

Develop training programmes to integrate social acceptability factors into the design of low-carbon energy projects from the start.

Assist countries in managing and resolving disputes and interactions regarding different low-carbon energy technologies.

Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) collaborative recommendations can ensure policies are informed by a nuanced understanding of technical and social structures, making them more practical and widely accepted.
Thrombectomy Outcomes for Anterior Circulation Stroke in the 6–24 h Time Window Solely Based On NCCT and CTA: A Single Center Study
Authors: Shchehlov Dmytro , Konotopchk Stanislav , Pankiv Valentyna , Rzayeva Farida , Kolomiichenko Sergii , Vyval Mykola , Flottmann Fabian , Fiehler Jens , Kyselyova Anna A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Since perfusion imaging may be unavailable in smaller hospitals, alternative imaging selection methods for acute ischemic stroke can improve outcomes and optimize resources. This study assessed the safety and effectiveness of using imaging criteria other than DEFUSE 3 and DAWN for thrombectomy beyond 6 h from symptom onset in patients stroke in the anterior circulation.

Methods
This is a retrospective, single-center analysis of consecutive patients with large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation undergoing thrombectomy. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the collateral status (moderate collaterals and good collaterals).

Results
Among 198 patients, 106 (54%) met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Good collateral status was observed in 78 (74%) patients. Patients with good collaterals showed significantly lower mRS scores at discharge and at 90 days compared to their counterparts with moderate collateral status (4 (3–4) vs. 4 (4–5); p = 0.001 and 2 (0–4) vs. 6 (3–6); p < 0.001, respectively). More patients with good collateral status achieved favorable outcomes at 90 days compared to those with moderate status (48 (61.5%) vs. 5 (17.9%); p < 0.001). Good collaterals were an independent predictor of good clinical outcomes at 90 days (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.13–1.53, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Selecting patients for endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke using non-contrast CT and CT angiography shows 90-day outcomes similar to the DAWN and DEFUSE-3 trials. Using collateral status on CT angiography can predict favorable outcomes after mechanical thrombectomy in resource-limited settings where perfusion imaging is unavailable.
Predicting endpoint parameters of electric arc furnace–based steelmaking using artificial neural network
Authors: Niyayesh Mohammad , Uygun Yilmaz 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn steel manufacturing, the chemical composition of the raw material serves as the foundation for the properties of the final product. The objective of this study is to establish a prediction algorithm for estimating the highly nonlinear characteristics of chemical condensation of elements in an electric arc furnace. A multilayer feedforward neural network is used to estimate the fluctuations in parameters of molten steel. In this study, the prediction models utilize a synthetic dataset generated based on industrial data. An experiment was designed with seven multi-layer feed-forward neural networks with distinct architectures and optimization functions, including stochastic gradient descent and adaptive moment estimation, to evaluate the optimal architecture. The results demonstrated that the proposed method, which employs a mean squared error (MSE) loss function with a value less than 0.036, can effectively predict the amount of carbon, iron oxide composition, and temperature of molten steel, which are crucial quality parameters. This study proposes a novel method for optimizing steelmaking operations via the electric arc furnace route.
Characterization of the heat transfer coefficient at near solidus forming condition using columnar pressing test
Authors: Sajjad Muhammad , Agirre Julen , Plata Gorka , Lozares Jokin , Mendiguren Joseba 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study addresses the significant gap in the literature regarding the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) under near-solidus forming (NSF) conditions, where materials are shaped close to their solidus state, presenting complex behaviour compared to traditional hot forming processes. Despite the pivotal role of heat transfer in developing a reliable material model for the digital twin (DT), limited data exist particularly regarding HTC characterization at NSF. Additionally, testing methodologies suitable for the high-temperature conditions, crucial for NSF processes, have not been adequately addressed. To fill this gap, this study aims to characterize HTC under NSF conditions using a columnar pressing test. The test was conducted at three different temperatures such as 1250, 1300, and 1360 °C and two different pressures, 2 and 8 MPa. During the test, temperature data was collected at the centre of the sample using a k-type thermocouple. Furthermore, the DT of the pressing test was developed and the three-dimensional finite element model of 42CrMo4 steel was constructed using FORGE NxT® 4.0 FEM software. The simulations were performed with varying HTC values to replicate the experimental test data. Inverse modelling techniques were then applied to compare experimental and simulated data, enabling the characterization and optimization of HTC values under NSF testing conditions. The results demonstrated that HTC in the NSF process is primary impacted by the forming pressure, whereas temperature change showed no variation at the studied ranges. The HTC value of 500 W/m2K and 800 W/m2K was identified at 2 MPa and 8 MPa, respectively. The conclusion of this study aims for a better understanding of heat transfer phenomena in NSF processes, enhancing the reliability of DT for industrial applications.
The “Ins and Outs” of Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Female Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Authors: Welch Eva K. , Ross Warren , Dengler Katherine L. , Gruber Daniel D. , Lamb Shannon 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction and Hypothesis
Concurrent pelvic organ and rectal prolapse have an incidence of 38%. Dynamic pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice for workup. We discuss dynamic pelvic MRI indications, interpretation, and clinical application to pelvic floor disorders.

Methods
The pubococcygeal line (PCL) extends from the pubic symphysis to the last coccygeal joint. The “H line” demonstrates the levator hiatus size, drawn from the inferior pubic symphysis to the posterior rectal wall at the anorectal junction. The “M line” represents vertical descent of the levator hiatus and extends perpendicularly from the PCL to the posterior aspect of the H line. With rectovaginal fascial defects, the small bowel, the peritoneum, and the sigmoid colon can prolapse. Posterior compartment abnormalities include rectocele, rectal prolapse, and descending perineal syndrome. Pelvic MRI can evaluate functional disorders such as anismus, where the anorectal angle is narrowed and associated with lack of pelvic floor descent and incomplete evacuation.

Conclusions
Particularly for patients with concurrent urogynecological and colorectal complaints, previous pelvic reconstructive surgery, or when clinical symptomatology does not correlate with physical examination, dynamic pelvic MRI can impact management. It is critical for pelvic reconstructive surgeons to be familiar with this imaging modality to counsel patients and interpret radiographic findings.
Development of two ultra-sensitive UHPLC–QqQ-MS/MS methods for the simultaneous determination of hydroxyzine and its active metabolite (cetirizine) in human blood: applications to real cases of forensic toxicology
Authors: Chłopaś-Konowałek Agnieszka , Szpot Paweł , Zawadzki Marcin , Kukula-Koch Wirginia , Dudzińska Ewa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBoth postmortem toxicological and medical-forensic examinations are very important in the case of analyzing various types of chemical substances. Hydroxyzine (HZ) is a first-generation antihistamine drug with a sedative effect that disrupts cognitive function and affects the ability to drive motor vehicles. Enzymatic oxidation of the hydroxy-methyl group to the carboxyl group leads to the formation of its main metabolite—cetirizine (CZ). CZ is the active substance of antiallergic drugs. Because it does not cross the BBB (blood–brain barrier) easily, it is less likely to cause drowsiness or affect memory and impair cognitive function. Therefore, in criminal studies, it is often important what medication had been taken by a person involved, e.g., in a car accident, HZ or CZ. The analysis of both antihistamine drugs is challenging, as usually very low concentrations of the compound of interest need to be determined. Thus, an ultra-sensitive UHPLC–QqQ-MS/MS method was developed for simultaneous determination of HZ and CZ in biological fluid samples. The lower limit of quantification (LOQ) for HZ and CZ was calculated as 0.345 and 0.3696 ng/mL, respectively. Together with a reduced sample volume to 200 μL, it makes the developed method suitable for a sensitive multidrug forensic toxicological analysis. Samples were extracted with simple and fast liquid–liquid extraction (ethyl acetate, pH 9). The present method for the determination of HZ and CZ in human blood proved to be simple, fast, selective, and sensitive. The quantification by LC–MS/MS was successfully applied to the samples coming from 28 authentic biological fluids (blood, urine, vitreous humor, bile and stomach content), both antemortem and postmortem. The performed studies confirm that the developed method is characterized by a high extraction efficiency. Its accuracy, reproducibility, simplicity, and selectivity suggest its application in clinical, toxicological, and forensic laboratories.