bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects on the osseointegration of titanium implants incorporating calcium–magnesium: a resonance frequency and histomorphometric analysis in rabbit tibia
Authors: Gehrke Sergio Alexandre , Maté Sánchez de Val José Eduardo , Fernández Domínguez Manuel , de Aza Moya Piedad Nieves , Gómez Moreno Gerardo , Calvo Guirado José Luis 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjectiveThis study assessed the bone formation around titanium surface incorporating the calcium–magnesium (CaMg) deposited by blasted in rabbit tibia bone to determine whether this surface would further enhance bone healing compared with commercially available implant surface.Material and methodsThe deposition of CaMg on the titanium SLA surface were obtained by blasting formed the experimental group (EX group), while implants with traditional SLA surface were used as control group (CO group), in this study. Fifty cylindrical threaded implants with a length of 8 mm were used (P = 25 per group). Five implants of each group were used to surface characterization by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, and optical profilometry. Ten New Zealand white rabbits received 40 implants (n = 20 per group). Resonance frequency analysis was performed three times (0, 4, and 6 weeks). Histomorphometric analysis was performed 4 and 6 weeks after implantation. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.ResultsBlasted CaMg deposition on SLA implant surface displayed almost identical surface morphologies and R(a) values at the micron scale. In comparing the implant stability quotient at the three time points, highly significant statistic differences were found (P < 0.001). Histomorphological analysis showed higher degrees of bone organization in the samples of test implant surfaces at both implantation times.ConclusionWithin the limitations of this study, the results indicate that the deposition of CaMg on the SLA titanium surface may be effective in enhancing the osseointegration of moderately rough grit‐blasted implants by increasing the degree of bone–implant contact.
Hydrogen Sulfide Promotes Surface Insertion of Hippocampal AMPA Receptor GluR1 Subunit via Phosphorylating at Serine‐831/Serine‐845 Sites Through a Sulfhydration‐Dependent Mechanism
Authors: Li Yuan‐Long , Zhou Jun , Zhang Hai , Luo Yi , Long Li‐Hong , Hu Zhuang‐Li , Chen Jian‐Guo , Wang Fang , Wu Peng‐Fei 
Published: July 2016

SummaryAimsHydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been widely accepted as a gas neuromodulator to regulate synaptic function. Herein, we set out to determine the effect of H2S on α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methylisoxazole‐4‐propionic acid receptor (AMPAR) and its mechanism.MethodsBS3 protein cross‐linking, Western blot, patch clamp, and biotin‐switch assay.ResultsBath application of H2S donor NaHS (50 and 100 μM) rapidly promoted surface insertion of hippocampal AMPAR GluR1 subunit. This effect can be abolished by dithiothreitol (DTT) and mimicked by Na2S4, indicating that a sulfhydration‐dependent mechanism may be involved. NaHS increased APMAR‐mediated EPSC and led to an elevation of GluR2‐lacking AMPAR content. Notably, NaHS did not increase the sulfhydration of AMPAR subunits, but it significantly increased the phosphorylation of GluR1 at serine‐831 and serine‐845 sites. Postsynaptic signal pathways that control GluR1 phosphorylation, such as protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C, and calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinases II (CaMKII), were sulfhydrated, activated by NaHS, and these effects can be occluded by DTT. H2S increased S‐sulfhydration of protein phosphatase type 2A (PP2A), which may be partially involved in the activation of signal pathways.ConclusionOur data suggest that H2S promotes surface insertion of AMPARs via phosphorylation of GluR1, which depends on a sulfhydration‐mediated mechanism.
Quality of life in patients with allergic rhinitis: a clinical trial comparing the use of bilastine versus loratadine
Authors: Locks R.B. , dos Santos K. , da Silva J. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine whether there were differences in health‐related quality of life of patients with allergic rhinitis treated with bilastine 20 mg compared to those treated with loratadine 10 mg.DesignThis was a prospective randomised double‐blinded study.SettingOtolaryngology outpatient clinics in Criciúma, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil.ParticipantsSeventy‐three patients, aged between 18 and 63 years, of whom 36 were treated with loratadine 10 mg and 37 with bilastine 20 mg with medication administered once a day for 10 days.Main outcome measuresThe outcome was quality of life as assessed by the modified Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQm), which was applied at baseline and after 10 days of treatment.ResultsThe use of bilastine 20 mg or loratadine 10 mg significantly reduced RQLQm scores after 10 days of treatment (P < 0.001); however, there was no statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups (P > 0.05).ConclusionsHealth‐related quality of life in patients with allergic rhinitis improved significantly after 10 days of treatment with loratadine and bilastine, and the effectiveness of both was equivalent.
Vestibular migraine screening in a migraine‐diagnosed patient population, and assessment of vestibulocochlear function
Authors: Yollu U. , Uluduz D.U. , Yilmaz M. , Yener H.M. , Akil F. , Kuzu B. , Kara E. , Hayir D. , Ceylan D. , Korkut N. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveThe primary aim of this study is to do a vestibular migraine scan in a population of patients with migraine diagnosis using the most recent standardized diagnosis criterion which is International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) 3 Beta and to identify the epidemiological data. The second part of the study involves performing several vestibulocochlear tests on patients who received vestibular migraine (VM) diagnosis to collect data that may be important for diagnostic purposes by comparing the patients with normal population when necessary.DesignBlind, cross‐sectional study.SettingTertiary referral hospital.ParticipantsOne hundred patients were scanned for VM using ICHD 3 Beta guideline.Main Outcome MeasuresIn order to evaluate the vestibulocochlear functions of the patients with VM diagnosis, audiometry, tympanometry, electrocochleography (EcochG), computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) and video head impulse test (vHIT) were performed; besides in order to evaluate the significance of the results of the tests, second group was formed with migraine patients without any vestibular complaints and control group was formed from healthy population when needed.ResultsVM prevalence was determined to be 21% in migraine patients which is much higher than stated in current literature. No significant difference was observed between migraine and VM patients with respect to audiometric and tympanometric measurements. According to the CDP results, balance defects were present in VM patients, even during attack‐free periods. EcochG data suggests average SP/AP scores of VM patients are significantly higher than migraine patients. Furthermore, the number of patients who exceeded a limit value of 0.4 or 0.5 in SP/AP scores was significantly higher in VM patients than in migraine patients. Also vHIT results show that nearly half the VM patients, which is a significant ratio, have saccadic movements and this is thought to be compatible with peripheral vestibular involvement.ConclusionOur results suggest VM disease is more common than previously thought. We believe that further EcochG‐based studies would shed light on the controversial topic on the intersection and disjunction sets of MD and VM diseases. Although the results of the present study are compatible with peripheral vestibular effects, it is not possible to rule out another central mechanism at some other level.
Efficacy and safety of switching from sitagliptin to liraglutide in subjects with type 2 diabetes (LIRA‐SWITCH): a randomized, double‐blind, double‐dummy, active‐controlled 26‐week trial
Authors: Bailey T. S. , Takács R. , Tinahones F. J. , Rao P. V. , Tsoukas G. M. , Thomsen A. B. , Kaltoft M. S. , Maislos M. 
Published: July 2016

AimsTo confirm superiority on glycaemic control by switching from sitagliptin to liraglutide 1.8 mg/d versus continued sitagliptin.Materials and methodsA randomized, multicentre, double‐blind, double‐dummy, active‐controlled trial across 86 office‐ or hospital‐based sites in North America, Europe and Asia. Subjects with type 2 diabetes who had inadequate glycaemic control (glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c] 7.5−9.5% on sitagliptin (100 mg/d) and metformin (≥1500 mg daily) for ≥90 days were randomized to either switch to liraglutide (n = 203) or continue sitagliptin (n = 204), both with metformin. The primary endpoint was change in HbA1c from baseline to week 26. Change in body weight was a confirmatory secondary endpoint.ResultsGreater reduction in mean HbA1c was achieved with liraglutide than with continued sitagliptin [−1.14% vs. −0.54%; estimated mean treatment difference (ETD): −0.61% (95% CI −0.82 to −0.40; p < 0.0001)], confirming superiority of switching to liraglutide. Body weight was reduced more with liraglutide [−3.31 kg vs. −1.64 kg; ETD: −1.67 kg (95% CI −2.34 to −0.99; p < 0.0001)]. Nausea was more common with liraglutide [44 subjects (21.8%)] than with continued sitagliptin [16 (7.8%)]. Three subjects (1.5%) taking sitagliptin reported a confirmed hypoglycaemic episode.ConclusionsSubjects insufficiently controlled with sitagliptin who switch to liraglutide can obtain clinically relevant reductions in glycaemia and body weight, without compromising safety. A switch from sitagliptin to liraglutide provides an option for improved management of type 2 diabetes while still allowing patients to remain on dual therapy.
Allometric equations for integrating remote sensing imagery into forest monitoring programmes
Authors: Jucker Tommaso , Caspersen John , Chave Jérôme , Antin Cécile , Barbier Nicolas , Bongers Frans , Dalponte Michele , van Ewijk Karin Y. , Forrester David I. , Haeni Matthias , Higgins Steven I. , Holdaway Robert J. , Iida Yoshiko , Lorimer Craig , Marshall Peter L. , Momo Stéphane , Moncrieff Glenn R. , Ploton Pierre , Poorter Lourens , Rahman Kassim Abd , Schlund Michael , Sonké Bonaventure , Sterck Frank J. , Trugman Anna T. , Usoltsev Vladimir A. , Vanderwel Mark C. , Waldner Peter , Wedeux Beatrice M. M. , Wirth Christian , Wöll Hannsjörg , Woods Murray , Xiang Wenhua , Zimmermann Niklaus E. , Coomes David A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractRemote sensing is revolutionizing the way we study forests, and recent technological advances mean we are now able – for the first time – to identify and measure the crown dimensions of individual trees from airborne imagery. Yet to make full use of these data for quantifying forest carbon stocks and dynamics, a new generation of allometric tools which have tree height and crown size at their centre are needed. Here, we compile a global database of 108753 trees for which stem diameter, height and crown diameter have all been measured, including 2395 trees harvested to measure aboveground biomass. Using this database, we develop general allometric models for estimating both the diameter and aboveground biomass of trees from attributes which can be remotely sensed – specifically height and crown diameter. We show that tree height and crown diameter jointly quantify the aboveground biomass of individual trees and find that a single equation predicts stem diameter from these two variables across the world's forests. These new allometric models provide an intuitive way of integrating remote sensing imagery into large‐scale forest monitoring programmes and will be of key importance for parameterizing the next generation of dynamic vegetation models.
Trend of centenarian deaths in Hong Kong between 2001 and 2010
Authors: Yu Ruby , Tam Wilson , Woo Jean 
Published: July 2016

AimTo examine the trends in the leading causes of deaths in centenarians in Hong Kong.MethodsDescriptive analyses of vital statistics data on mortality in Hong Kong from 2001 to 2010 were carried out.ResultsThe number of centenarians’ deaths increased by 136% in 10 years, from less than 28 men and 166 women in 2001 to 80 men and 378 women in 2010. During the study period, the top leading cause of death was pneumonia, accounting for 33.8% of all deaths. In contrast, the other leading causes accounted for much smaller percentages; for example, the second and third leading causes were chronic ischemic heart disease and unspecified dementia, and account for 4.3% and 4.2% of the total, respectively. This cause‐of‐death pattern has remained fairly stable between 2001 and 2010. A total of 985 (30.8%) deaths occurred in January to March. The correlation between the average monthly temperature and the number of deaths was –0.720 (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe number of deaths continues to increase in Hong Kong. These trends have major implications for healthcare in an aging population. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 931–936.
Hepatitis C virus core protein increases Snail expression and induces epithelial–mesenchymal transition through the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway in hepatoma cells
Authors: Zhou Jia‐Jia , Meng Zhe , He Xiao‐Yu , Cheng Di , Ye Hui‐Lin , Deng Xiao‐Geng , Chen Ru‐Fu 
Published: July 2016

AimAberrant expression of Snail, a mediator of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), is crucial for cancer invasiveness and metastasis. Although hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein has been implicated in hepatocarcinogenesis, the relationship between HCV core and Snail expression has not been clarified.MethodsHepG2 and Huh7 stable cell lines were established by transfection with pcDNA‐HCVc. HepG2‐HCVc and Huh7‐HCVc cells were co‐administered with AG490. Cell migration and invasiveness were tested. STAT3 and Snail expression was analyzed by Real‐time PCR and Western blot.ResultsWe found that HCV core is capable of increasing Snail expression and inducing EMT in hepatoma cells. HCV core‐induced Snail expression was accompanied by activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), inhibition of STAT3 abrogated HCV core‐induced Snail expression and EMT. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that phosphorylated STAT3 directly binds to the Snail promoter.ConclusionCollectively, these results suggest that HCV core would play a role in hepatocellular carcinoma invasiveness and metastasis by activating the STAT3 pathway, increasing Snail expression and subsequently triggering EMT. These findings would advance the understanding of HCV‐mediated invasiveness and metastasis, and might provide a new potential therapeutic target for HCV‐related hepatocellular carcinoma.
An investigation of the questions posted on medical consultation websites
Authors: Chiu Ming‐Hsin Phoebe 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundOnline medical consultation has recently become a more and more popular alternative venue for healthcare. It allows patients and caregivers to discuss their health problems and symptoms with qualified medical health professionals via the Internet.ObjectiveThis study investigates the questions posted on an asynchronous online medical consultation website, Taiwan eDoctor. Five research themes are explored: (1) length of questions, (2) moment of seeking consultation, (3) strategies of communicating chief complaints, (4) purpose of seeking consultation and (5) identity disclosure.MethodsData collection was conducted by randomly selecting 50 resolved consultation Q&As for each of 24 medical specialties, resulting in a total of 1200 entries in the primary data set. Data analysis was conducted qualitatively and quantitatively.ResultsAverage length of questions was 161.21 words. Online medical consultation was sought when healthy, healthy but not robust, when suspicious of illness, when diagnosed as ill and during treatment/recovery. In communicating chief complaints, consultation seekers were engaged in contextual, focal or emotional communication styles. Nine distinct purposes to seek online consultation were identified and can be broadly interpreted as intellectual, social and emotional. The finding also suggests that more than two‐third of questions were asked for by the patients themselves.ConclusionThrough content analysis of questions posted on an online medical consultation website, this study characterises communication patterns during the health information seeking process. These findings can help guide the design of more effective patient‐centred online medical consultation services.
Contributions of slab fluid and sediment melt components to magmatism in the Mariana Arc–Trough system: Evidence from geochemical compositions and Sr, Nd, and noble gas isotope systematics
Authors: Ikeda Yasuo , Nagao Keisuke , Ishii Teruaki , Matsumoto Daisuke , Stern Robert J. , Kagami Hiroo , Arima Makoto , Bloomer Sherman H. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis study presents new major and trace element, mineral, and Sr, Nd, and noble gas isotope geochemical analyses of basalts, gabbro, and clinopyroxenite from the Mariana Arc (Central Islands and Southern Seamount provinces) including the forearc, and the Mariana Trough (Central Graben and Spreading Ridge). Mantle source compositions beneath the Mariana Arc and the Mariana Trough indicate a mantle source that is depleted in high field strength elements relative to MORB (mid‐oceanic ridge basalt). Samples from the Mariana Arc, characterized by high ratios of Ba/Th, U/Th, 84Kr/4He and 132Xe/4He, are explained by addition of fluid from the subducted slab to the mantle wedge. Correlations of noble gas data, as well as large ion lithophile elements, indicate that heavy noble gases (Ar, Kr, and Xe) provide evidence for fluid fluxing into the mantle wedge. On the other hand, major elements and Sr, Nd, He, and Ne isotopic data of basalts from the Mariana Trough are geochemically indistinguishable from MORB. Correlations of 3He/4He and 40Ar/36Ar in the Mariana Trough samples are explained by mixing between MORB and atmosphere. One sample from the Central Graben indicates extreme enrichment in 20Ne/22Ne and 21Ne/22Ne, suggesting incorporation of solar‐type Ne in the magma source. Excess 129Xe is also observed in this sample suggesting primordial noble gases in the mantle source. The Mariana Trough basalts indicate that both fluid and sediment components contributed to the basalts, with slab‐derived fluids dominating beneath the Spreading Ridge, and that sediment melts, characterized by high La/Sm and relatively low U/Th and Zr/Nb, dominate in the source region of basalts from the Central Graben.
Phenylbutyrate exerts adverse effects on liver regeneration and amino acid concentrations in partially hepatectomized rats
Authors: Holecek Milan , Vodenicarovova Melita 
Published: July 2016

SummaryPhenylbutyrate is recommended in urea cycle disorders and liver injury to enhance nitrogen disposal by the urine. However, hypothetically there may be adverse responses to the use of phenylbutyrate in the treatment of liver disease because of its role as a histone deacetylase inhibitor and its stimulatory effect on branched‐chain alpha‐keto acid dehydrogenase, the rate‐limiting enzyme in the catabolism of branched‐chain amino acids (BCAA; valine, leucine and isoleucine). We report the effects of phenylbutyrate on liver regeneration and amino acid levels in plasma of partially hepatectomized (PH) rats. Phenylbutyrate or saline was administered at 12‐h intervals to PH or laparotomized rats. Phenylbutyrate delayed the onset of liver regeneration compared to the saline‐treated controls, as indicated by lower hepatic DNA specific activities 18 and 24 h post‐PH, decreased hepatic fractional protein synthesis rates 24 h post‐PH and lowered the increases in liver weights and hepatic protein and DNA contents 48 h after PH. Hepatic DNA fragmentation (a hallmark of apoptosis) was higher in the phenylbutyrate‐treated animals than in controls. Phenylbutyrate decreased the glutamine and BCAA concentrations and the ratio of the BCAA to aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine and tyrosine) in the blood plasma in both hepatectomized and laparotomized animals. In conclusion, the delayed onset of liver regeneration and the decrease in BCAA/AAA ratio in blood suggest that phenylbutyrate administration may be disastrous in subjects with acute hepatic injury and BCAA supplementation is needed when phenylbutyrate is used therapeutically.
That Squeezing Feeling: The Interest Burden and Public Debt Stabilization
Authors: Debrun Xavier , Kinda Tidiane 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe paper explores the extent to which the pressure of debt service on other spending items may magnify governments’ concern for debt dynamics, independently of the public debt level itself. Our empirical analysis identifies thresholds of interest bill indicators beyond which governments appear to intensify efforts to curb the debt trajectory. Hence, in the current context of historically high public debts, a country experiencing high and rising borrowing costs and interest payments would be more likely to enact a more aggressive fiscal consolidation than one benefitting from persistently low interest rates – even though both consolidation paths would be consistent with solvency. This could be an important consideration when setting the appropriate pace of normalization of monetary policy.
Phylogenetic analysis of human rhinoviruses collected over four successive years in Sydney, Australia
Authors: Ratnamohan Vigneswary M. , Zeng Frank , Donovan Linda , MacIntyre Chandini R. , Kok Jen , Dwyer Dominic E. 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundHuman rhinoviruses (HRV) cause a wide spectrum of disease, ranging from a mild influenza‐like illness (ILI) to severe respiratory infection. Molecular epidemiological data are limited for HRV circulating in the Southern Hemisphere.ObjectivesTo identify the species and genotypes of HRV from clinical samples collected in Sydney, Australia, from 2006 to 2009.MethodsCombined nose and throat swabs or nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from individuals with ILI were tested for HRV using real‐time reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Sequencing data of 5′UTR and VP4/VP2 coding regions on RT‐PCR‐positive specimens were analysed.ResultsHuman rhinoviruses were detected by real‐time PCR in 20.9% (116/555) of samples tested. Phylogenetic analysis of 5′UTR and VP4/VP2 on HRV‐positive samples was concordant in the grouping of HRV A and B species but not HRV C species. Eighty per cent (16/20) of sequences that grouped as HRV C in the VP4/VP2 tree clustered as HRV A, alongside some previously described C strains as subspecies C/A. Discordant branching was seen within HRV A group: two sequences clustering as A in the VP4/VP2 tree branched within the C/A subspecies in the 5′UTR tree, and one sequence showed identity to different HRV A strains in the two genes. The prevalence of HRV C and C/A species was greater in paediatric compared to adult patients (47.9% vs 25.5%, P = .032).ConclusionHuman rhinoviruses are a common cause of respiratory infections, and HRV C is present in the Southern Hemisphere. Sequencing of multiple HRV regions may be necessary to determine exact phylogenetic relationships.