bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pore-Scale Modeling of Low Salinity Water Flooding in Porous Media Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method
Authors: Liu Fangzhou , Wang Daigang , Hu Zhe , Song Kaoping , Chen Jin , Zhou Yang , Niu Wenjuan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Low salinity water flooding (LSWF) is an emerging technique for enhancing oil recovery (EOR) by modifying the ion composition or concentration of injected water. A large number of indoor experiments and field applications have confirmed that LSWF can effectively alter the wettability of rocks, thereby enhancing oil recovery during secondary and tertiary oil recovery stages. LSWF presents notable advantages compared to alternative EOR techniques, including its straightforward implementation, low costs, and environmentally friendliness. However, due to the complex interface reactions involved in LSWF, which is a coupling of multiple physical and chemical fields, there is still no consensus on the mechanism of this technology. In addition, there have been numerous cases of ineffectiveness in field applications. To address the aforementioned concerns, this paper proposes a lattice Boltzmann model (LBM) to simulate LSWF. The model employs the Shan Chen multiphase flow LBM model to simulate oil-water flow, while employing the passive solute method to simulate the convective diffusion process of low salinity water. At each time step, the Shan Chen model is used to solve the two-phase flow equation and calculate the main macroscopic variables. Subsequently, the advection-diffusion equation is solved to calculate the concentration field. Finally, the host program is returned for the next time step calculation. In order to verify the accuracy of the model, the simulation data is compared and validated with publicly available LSWF experimental data. Based on the lattice Boltzmann numerical model for LSWF, the calculation of microscale oil-water distribution and relative permeability curves is conducted, allowing the analysis of the microscopic processes of fluid flow and wettability alteration in porous media. The results demonstrate that the lattice Boltzmann numerical model for LSWF can accurately describe the microscopic process of wettability alteration, which is in good agreement with experimental observations. The numerical value of relative permeability depends on the pore geometry and the interaction between the two-phase fluids. Low salinity water exerts a certain regulatory effect on wettability, mainly caused by local adsorption-desorption imbalance. It effectively strips off a portion of oil films adhering to the rock but does not alter the primary flow paths. The microscopic low salinity water flooding model established in this paper achieves coupling of multiple physical fields, effectively characterizes the physical and chemical processes of oil-water two-phase flow, wetting alteration and solute adsorption-desorption. This elucidates the microscale flow mechanisms and influencing patterns for enhancing oil recovery through LSWF.
A Strategic Approach to Significant Cost Reduction Through Advanced Souring Forecasting Modelling and High-Pressure Bioreactors in H2S Production Management
Authors: Streets M. D. T. , Eden R. D. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Microbial oilfield reservoir souring, characterised by the contamination of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in production fluids, continues to pose significant challenges to operators worldwide. Understanding the likelihood and severity of sour gas production throughout the life of any oilfield asset involves computer modelling and quantitative laboratory-based simulation studies. Where significant sulfide generation is forecast, low sulfate water injection may be considered, often in conjunction with a scale mitigation treatment strategy. In some cases however, significant microbial activity in the downhole formation is limited due to extreme environmental conditions, restricting the geomicrobiological generation of sulfide species.
This paper will present output data from souring forecasting and modelling analysis of a high-pressure, high-temperature West African offshore asset, using the DynamicTVS© model. In addition, data from high-pressure bioreactor studies, designed to evaluate microbiological sulfide generation under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions, will be shared to support the conclusions that microbial souring would be negligible under simulated reservoir conditions.
More than 10 years on, the asset modelled remains ‘sweet’ following years of observed injection water breakthrough from all production wells, and the Operator continues to focus on relatively low-cost monitoring and chemical control of problematic biofouling at the topsides facilities.
Longitudinal changes of refraction and visual acuity in children with early-onset high myopia
Authors: Han Xiaotong , Yu Wenlu , Zhang Shiran , Zhang Jiaqing , Xie Xiaohang , Zeng Yangfa , Luo LiXia , Tan Xuhua 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the longitudinal changes of refraction and visual acuity in children with early-onset high myopia (eoHM).
Methods
We retrospectively included children with eoHM, defined as cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE) ≤ − 6.00 D or axial length (AL) ≥ 26mm in both eyes in children under 7 years old, who had at least three visits with available cycloplegic autorefraction records based on the electronic medical records (EMR) at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center between 2003 to 2023. Data on children’s demographic and clinical characteristics, including age, sex, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and presence of strabismus were also extracted from the EMR.
Results
A total of 930 children were included (median baseline age: 4.33 years, interquartile range [IQR], 3.42 to 5.25 years, 64.84% boys). The median baseline spherical equivalent (SE) was − 8.25D (IQR, -10.00D to -7.00D), and the median duration of follow-up was 2.85 years (IQR, 2.03 to 3.57 years). The mean myopia progression rate was − 0.33 (SD, 0.37) D/year, with 298 children (32.04%) demonstrated myopia progression of ≥ 0.50D/year. Older age (ß= -0.041, P < 0.001), boys (ß= -0.067, P = 0.012), and less myopic at baseline (ß= -0.013, P = 0.021) were associated with faster myopia progression. The percentage of children with BCVA > 0.5 (20/40) ranged from 11.27% among the 4-year-olds to 73.58% among the 8-year-olds.
Conclusion
In this real-world hospital-based dataset, two-thirds of children with eoHM do not experience rapid myopia progression. Boys, children with older age and less myopic SE at baseline are more likely to experience faster myopia progression.
Climate Variability Analysis and Forecasting Rainfall and Temperature Trends- SARIMAX Model Application for Mango farmers of Muthalamada Region, Kerala, India
Authors: Smitha John K , S Suchithra M. , K Archana , Sojan Aida Treesa , B. Remya E. , N Manikandan , U Surendran 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

With climate change becoming increasingly evident, understanding how it affects local weather patterns is crucial. Such kind of studies provide valuable insights into how rainfall and temperature variability are changing over time, helping communities adapt to shifting climate conditions with respect to their agricultural practices. This study examines the trends in rainfall and temperature in Muthalamada, Kerala, using statistical trend analysis and forecasting using SARIMAX modeling techniques. Rainfall data spanning from 1981 to 2022 indicates an upward trend in both Chulliyar and Meenkara regions, with varying patterns across seasons. The wettest month consistently was July, while the southwest monsoon contributed significantly to annual rainfall. Predictions for the next decade suggest an increase in rainfall for both regions, except for winter. Temperature analysis reveals an upward trend in maximum and minimum temperatures across all seasons, with strong implications for mango cultivation. Maximum temperatures are anticipated to rise slightly in summer and winter but decrease in post-monsoon and pre-monsoon seasons, affecting mango flowering and fruit set. Conversely, minimum temperatures are expected to decrease across all seasons. Relative humidity is projected to increase during post-monsoon and southwest monsoon but decrease in other seasons, impacting pest populations. The performance of the SARIMAX model was evaluated using various metrics such as correlation coefficient (r), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). The analysis revealed overall accurate predictions for rainfall, temperature, and humidity, with some variability across seasons. Model performance evaluation indicates accurate predictions for rainfall, temperature, and humidity, with implications for mango farming. Implementation of appropriate mitigation strategies is crucial for Muthalamada mango farmers to adapt to climate variability and enhance production and export potential.
An automatic integrated microfluidic device for DNA extraction using electric valves
Authors: Shamloo Amir , Dezhkam Rasool , Eskandarisani Mohammadmahdi , Topaheidari Mohammadmahdi , Mirlohi Maryam Sadat , Pishbin Esmail 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is a molecule containing genetic instructions that influences the development and function of living organisms. Understanding DNA and its properties is essential for various analytical techniques, such as DNA sequencing, and genetic testing. DNA extraction is a fundamental process that allows scientists to access the genetic information in DNA. There are various methods for DNA extraction from a biological sample which cell lysis and DNA purification are two common steps of them. The chemical cell lysis is selected for this study and a passive micromixer has the microreactor role to mix the lysis buffer and input sample. Also, a silica-based filter is selected for DNA purification. Different units of DNA extraction method are integrated into the fabricated device which includes mixing, lysis and DNA extraction microfluidic chips which are assembled on a chip and form a lab-on-a-chip system that are connected together using electric valves (To open/close system valves to change the flow of different fluids). To optimize the device different parameters including fluid velocity, filter thickness, temperature and cell concentration were studied and the DNA concentration for the optimum values was introduced for 2.5 million cells per milliliter at 65˚C with one silica filter and a vacuum chamber with 25 milliliters. The highest yield for extracted DNA was reported at 147±36 ng/μl, which had a ~90% extraction efficiency in comparison with the reference DNA extraction kit. Finally, the quality of seven samples of extracted DNA from the device was studied using PCR and Gel electrophoresis tests.
Effect of topical gentamicin in preventing surgical site infection in elective incisional hernia repair: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hidalgo Nils Jimmy , Juvany Montserrat , Guillaumes Salvador , Hoyuela Carlos , Vidal Óscar , Pera Miguel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Surgical site infection (SSI) continues to be a common complication of surgery. The real benefit of using topical antibiotics for the prevention of SSI in abdominal hernia repair surgery is still unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of topical gentamicin in SSI prophylaxis in incisional hernia repair with mesh. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in patients undergoing open incisional hernia repair. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: in the gentamicin group, each layer of the abdominal wall was irrigated with gentamicin solution before wound closure, and in the saline solution group (placebo), each layer of the abdominal wall was irrigated with normal saline solution. The incidence of SSI and other surgical site complications was compared between both groups, and the presence of adverse effects with the use of topical gentamicin. Data from 146 patients were included for analysis: 74 in the gentamicin group and 72 in the saline solution group. SSI was observed in six patients (8.1%) in the gentamicin group and eight patients (11.1%) in the saline solution group, with no significant differences (p = 0.538) between both groups. No statistically significant differences were observed in the presentation of seroma, hematoma, and surgical wound dehiscence between both groups. No adverse effects were reported from topical application of gentamicin. In this clinical trial, the use of topical gentamicin in incisional hernia repair with mesh did not significantly reduce the incidence of SSI. EU Clinical Trials Register: EudraCT 2018-001860-45 (04/07/2019).
Digital Versus Conventional Techniques for Construction of Mandibular Implant Retained Overdenture
Authors: Musi Abd Elsalam Awad , Habib Ahmed Ali , Shady Mohamed 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to evaluate two different construction techniques (conventional and 3D-printed techniques) for two implant-retained complete mandibular overdentures regarding mechanical wear of the occlusal surface using 3D digital analysis andocclusion force distribution using the digital occlusal analysis system (Occlusense).
Methods: Twenty patients were selected for this study from the prosthetic department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University. The sample size was determined based on the results of previous clinical trial with (effect size = 1.1, α = 0.05, β =0.90). The calculated sample was 20. The power analysis was performed with the aid of computer software (G*power 3.1.5, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Germany). Balanced randomization was used to equally assigned patients to one of two groups using to ensure comparability between groups. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups using random numbers generated in an Excel spreadsheet.Each patient received two implants in the mandibular canine areas with locator attachments to retain the overdentures. According to the overdenture construction technique, all patients were classified into two equal groups: the conventional heat polymerized overdenture group and the 3D-printed overdenture group. The mandibular overdentures were compared and evaluated immediately and after 12 months of insertion regarding mechanical wear of the occlusal surface using 3D digital analysis and occlusal force distribution using a digital occlusal analysis system (Occlusense).
Results: 3d printed group showed significantly higher occlusal surface wear than conventional group after twelve months (T12) with a p value ≤ 0.05.
3d printed group showed significantly more occlusal force distribution than conventional group with a p value ≤ 0.05. Also, there was a significant difference in occlusal force distribution with advance of time for each group, with a p value ≤0.05 level of a significance.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it was shown that implant overdentures constructed by conventional techniques show superior results regarding mechanical wear of the occlusal surface compared to 3D-printing techniques. However, 3D-printing techniques offer a promising result compared to conventional techniques for the construction of implant overdentures regarding occlusal force distribution.
Trial registration: The study was approved by the local ethical committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University (No. A02060922) and retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06139003 ) (16/11/2023).
Capacity Building goals in young people with cerebral palsy in Australia: Analysis of publicly available National Disability Insurance Scheme data
Authors: Ding Jacqueline Y , Cleary Stacey L , Morgan Prue E 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The Australian National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) aims to provide person- centred care for individuals with disabilities, promoting independence and participation in society. Young adults with cerebral palsy (CP) benefit from Capacity Building supports, which are critical for developing skills necessary across the lifespan.
Methods
A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using publicly available NDIS Participant and Payment datasets from the June 2023 Quarter. Data were extracted for young adults with CP aged 15–34 years and characteristics and funding allocation for Capacity Building goals examined. Comparisons of Capacity Building characteristics were made between NDIS participants with CP and NDIS participants with Down syndrome and Spinal Cord Injury (SCI).
Results
Overall, 99.5% (n = 6,273) of NDIS participants aged 15–34 with CP identified at least one Capacity Building goal, totalling 110,234 goals. Average annual payments for Capacity Building supports for NDIS participants with CP increased with age, from $27,000 for 15-18-year-olds to $59,000 for 25-34-year-olds. The most frequent Capacity Building goals identified by young adults with CP were ‘Daily Living’, ‘Social and Community Participation’, and ‘Health and Wellbeing’. The analysis highlighted variations in the type and funding allocation of Capacity Building supports accessed by young adults with CP compared to their peers with Down syndrome and SCI.
Conclusion
This study emphasises variations in NDIS funding allocation for young adults with CP during the transition into adulthood; tailored funding strategies are required to meet the evolving needs of people aging with CP. Individualised goal setting and personalised supports align with international best practices for disability supports, fostering independence and enhancing quality of life. Further research is needed to explore the short and long-term outcomes of NDIS-funded supports, ensure equitable resource distribution, and advance global discussions on inclusive policies that enable full participation for people with disabilities.
Advancing the updated MRC Framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions with integrated implementation conceptual knowledge: An example using NeuroRehabilitation OnLine (NROL)
Authors: Connell Louise , Ackerley Suzanne , Rycroft-Malone Jo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Implementation involves complex interventions, hence the updated Medical Research Council (MRC) framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions (2021) is one approach implementation scientists could use to guide their research. However, despite extensive citations, there is limited evidence of how it has been used in its entirety and little integration with relevant implementation conceptual knowledge. To address this, we provide a novel example of using the updated MRC framework, uniquely demonstrating the potential for incorporating implementation science frameworks, strategies and outcomes. This example uses a telerehabilitation intervention, NeuroRehabilitation OnLine (NROL), implemented within an existing healthcare system.
Methods
Within a clinical-academic partnership we completed the MRC Framework checklist, and context was described using the updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). We used a deliberative process to operationalise the MRC phases: adaptation of NROL based on the ADAPT guidance and establishing feasibility of NROL through concurrent implementation and evaluation. Phases are described in two iterations: within a single service, then when scaled-up as a regional innovation. Stakeholders were involved throughout. Implementation strategies were identified using the CFIR-ERIC matching tool. Selected Proctor’s implementation outcomes were evaluated.
Results
The MRC framework provided a useful structure when applied iteratively to address key uncertainties for the implementation, and considerations for sustainability, of the complex intervention NROL. Context description was crucial for phase-specific considerations across iterations. An additional sustainment phase was added to the framework, reflecting that the value proposition discussions with decision-makers inevitably culminated in decision-points. This guided decision-making for NROL to be scaled-up. Implementation Research Logic Models were co-produced and iterated to depict programme theory and formalise integration of implementation conceptual knowledge.
Conclusion
We provide a novel example of the application of the updated MRC framework being described in full, and to our knowledge is the first to comprehensively integrate implementation conceptual knowledge. Synergistic in nature, the MRC framework benefitted the conceptualisation of implementation through use of its phases, and implementation science knowledge was useful in enacting the core elements within the MRC framework. In this example, we emphasised sustainability throughout and include a distinct ‘Sustainment’ phase to advance the MRC framework.
A metabolomics-based study of serum biomarkers in adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury
Authors: Qin Xuerong , Su Wei , Li Cuiping , Li Qin , Li Jin , Sun Baomin , Zhang Wangxin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to elucidate the metabolite profiles in the serum of adolescents engaging in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) by employing high-resolution, non-targeted metabolomics. The objectives include differentiating metabolites between the NSSI group and a normal control group, identifying biomarkers of clinical diagnostic value, and utilising these differential metabolites to pinpoint key metabolic pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of NSSI through bioinformatics analyses.
Methods: The sample consisted of 39 NSSI patients, aged 13-22 years, presenting at the outpatient clinic of the Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from January 2022 to December 2023, with initial, untreated NSSI. Additionally, 24 healthy adolescents were conscripted from the community. Participants were matched for age, gender, and BMI. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) facilitated non-target metabolomic analysis. Multivariate statistical analyses, amalgamating univariate and multivariate approaches, enabled the discrimination of differential metabolites and the extraction of biomarkers. Concurrently, bioinformatics evaluation of these metabolites was undertaken to annotate pertinent metabolic pathways.
Results:
In cationic mode, 235 differential metabolites were discerned, with 133 upregulated and 102 downregulated in the NSSI cohort. Anionic mode identified 66 differential metabolites; among these, 14 were upregulated and 52 were downregulated.
KEGG pathway annotations yielded 311 pathways, encompassing 158 cationic and 153 anionic pathways. Significantly enriched and high-degree KEGG pathways included aromatase deficiency, 17-β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase III deficiency, nadolol's mechanism of action, timosartan's mechanism of action, androgen and estrogen metabolism, α-linolenic and linoleic acid metabolism in the cationic mode, and nicotinic acid and nicotinamide metabolism in the anionic mode.
Substances such as phenylalanine, glycine, aspartic acid, asparagine, threonine, histidine, tyrosine, arginine, isoleucine, proline, N-acetylthreonine, glutamine, organic acids and their derivatives, cyclopropene, glycerophospholipids, fatty acylcarnitines, geldanamycin, and cycloprostenol were paramount in distinguishing NSSI patients from healthy controls and exhibited the highest predictive power.
Conclusion: Metabolic perturbations characterise NSSI patients, with elevated or diminished levels of substances like phenylalanine, glycine, aspartic acid, asparagine, threonine, histidine, tyrosine, arginine, isoleucine, proline, N-acetylthreonine, glutamine, and others significantly contributing to this distinction. These findings underscore the potential of metabolic biomarkers in understanding and predicting NSSI.