bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutritional assessment of under‐three years children availing Anganwadi services from rural areas of Puducherry, India
Authors: Rajendran Govindaraj , Ramasubramani Premkumar , Rajaa Sathish , Kanagalingam Sindhu , Karunakar Pediredla 
Published: September 2024

AimUndernurition stands as a significant contributor to childhood mortality, particularly in developing nations such as India. At the grass root level, anthropometric monitoring indicators such as stunting, underweight and wasting take place within Anganwadi centres (village courtyard). The scrutiny of growth records, utilising these markers, not only quantifies the burden but also informs corrective measures. This study aimed to assess the prevailing growth monitoring records within the rural vicinity of Puducherry.MethodsA community‐based cross‐sectional study design was implemented to examine the health condition of children below 3 years of age, who were enrolled and utilising services in Anganwadi centres. The anthropometric data, such as weight and height, were collected from growth monitoring records maintained in Anganwadi. The proportions of undernutrition indicators such as stunting, underweight and wasting were presented with a 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsWithin our rural service area encompassing 13 Anganwadis, a total of 572 children aged 3 or less were registered. Notably, approximately 14.2% (95% CI: 11.5–17.3) of these children experienced underweight, 16.4% (95% CI: 13.6–19.7) were stunted and 13.3% (95% CI: 10.8–16.3) were wasted. In terms of gender disparities, the prevalence of undernurition was notably higher among boy children, with 15.4% being underweight, 16.9% stunted and 14.7% wasted.ConclusionsThe prevalence of childhood undernurition is a public health concern, demanding the enhancement of existing nutritional initiatives to ameliorate the healthy well‐being of these children. The timely identification of malnourished children holds paramount importance, as intensified interventions can be promptly employed to uplift the health status of these vulnerable individuals.
Pharmacokinetics and Plasma Protein Binding of Flunixin in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Uney Kamil , Corum Orhan , Durna Corum Duygu , Coskun Devran , Sakin Fatih , Elmas Muammer 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTFlunixin's pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and plasma protein binding were examined in rainbow trout. The experiment involved 252 rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) maintained at 12 ± 0.6°C. Flunixin was administered to rainbow trout via intravascular (IV), intramuscular (IM), and oral routes at a dosage of 2.2 mg/kg. Plasma samples were collected at times 0 (control), 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. High‐pressure liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet was employed to quantify flunixin concentrations. The elimination half‐life (t1/2ʎz) for flunixin was 8.37 h for IV, 8.68 h for IM, and 8.76 h for oral. The t1/2ʎz was similar between administration groups. The volume of distribution at a steady state and total body clearance were 55.81 mL/kg and 6.83 mL/h/kg, respectively, after IV administration. The mean peak plasma concentration was 6.24 ± 0.41 μg/mL at 4 h for oral administration and 13.98 ± 0.86 μg/mL at 2 h for IM administration. The in vitro protein binding ratio of flunixin in rainbow trout plasma was 96.34 ± 2.29%. The bioavailability of flunixin after oral (25.74%) administration was lower than that after IM (66.70%) administration. Thus, developing an oral pharmaceutical formulation that can be administered with feed and has high bioavailability could enhance the therapeutic effect.
Enactivism: Embodied cognition, sense‐making, and nursing
Authors: McCaffrey Graham 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEnactivism is a branch of embodied cognition theory that argues for a highly distributed model of cognition as a sense‐making process involving brain, body, environment, and subjective experience. It is a theoretical framework with potential value for nursing since it offers an integrated framework for human sense‐making that includes physiological and psychological factors as well as the primary experience of subjective perceptions. This paper presents an introduction to the background and main tenets of enactivist theory. These are discussed in relation to nursing, and mental health nursing to argue for the relevance of enactivism in nursing knowledge.
Early‐pregnancy BMI, maternal gestational weight gain, and asthma and allergic diseases in children
Authors: Ojwang’ Vincent , Nwaru Bright I. , Hanna‐Mari Takkinen , Heli Tapanainen , Kaila Minna , Ahonen Suvi , Niemelä Onni , Haapala Anna‐Maija , Ilonen Jorma , Toppari Jorma , Hyöty Heikki , Veijola Riitta , Knip Mikael , Virtanen Suvi M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAssociation of early pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and maternal gestational weight gain (GWG), and asthma and allergic disease in children is unclear.MethodsWe analyzed data from 3176 mother–child pairs in a prospective birth cohort study. Maternal anthropometric measurements in the first and last antenatal clinic visits were obtained through post‐delivery questionnaires to calculate early pregnancy BMI and maternal GWG. Asthma and allergic diseases in children by the age of 5 years was assessed using a validated questionnaire. Furthermore, serum samples were analyzed for IgE antibodies to eight allergens. We applied Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression analyses to estimate the association of early pregnancy BMI and maternal GWG (as continuous variables and categorized into quarters), and asthma, atopic eczema, atopic sensitization, and allergic rhinitis in children.ResultsNeither early pregnancy BMI nor maternal GWG was associated with asthma and allergic disease in children when analyzed as continuous variables. However, compared to the first quarter of GWG (a rate <0.32 kg/week), mothers in the third quarter (rate 0.42–0.52 kg/week) had children with significantly higher odds of developing atopic eczema (adjusted OR 1.49, 95% CI [1.13–1.96]) by 5 years of age.ConclusionAssociation of early pregnancy BMI and maternal GWG, and asthma and allergic disease in children, is inconsistent. High maternal GWG may be associated with increased odds of atopic eczema.
RhLHY‐RhTPPF‐Tre6P Inhibits Flowering in Rosa hybrida Under Insufficient Light by Regulating Sugar Distribution
Authors: Fan Yingdong , Zhang Wuhua , Zhang Jinzhu , Yang Tao , Zhang Naiyu , Liang Shuang , Dong Jie , Che Daidi 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTLight is crucial for flower bud development in plants, serving as both signal and energy source. However, the mechanisms by which daylength and light intensity regulate flowering in modern roses remain unclear. In Rosa hybrida ‘Carola’, insufficient light delays flowering and reduces the sugar content in terminal buds. RNA sequencing identified the Trehalose‐6‐phosphate phosphatase F (RhTPPF) gene as a key responder to insufficient light, modulating Tre6P metabolism. Overexpression of RhTPPF in rose calli enhanced sugar accumulation and suppressed the synthesis of RhCO/FT. In tobacco, overexpression of RhTPPF delayed the transition from vegetative growth to flowering, while silencing RhTPPF in roses accelerated flowering. Silencing RhTPPF in roses elevated trehalose‐6‐phosphate (Tre6P) levels and decreased trehalose. Transcriptome data showed that the expression level of RhTPPF was highly correlated with the circadian rhythm gene LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (RhLHY). Yeast one‐hybrid assays, dual luciferase assays and EMSA revealed that RhLHY directly binds to the RhTPPF promoters. Overexpression of RhLHY suppressed flowering, while silencing RhLHY promoted flowering. Furthermore, altering the expression of RhLHY influenced Tre6P synthesis and the expression of sucrose‐related transport genes. These findings suggest a RhLHY‐RhTPPF‐Tre6P regulatory module that maintains sugar balance and inhibits flower formation under reduced light conditions by modulating sugar distribution.
An Improved Chromosome‐scale Genome Assembly and Population Genetics resource for Populus tremula.
Authors: Robinson Kathryn M. , Schiffthaler Bastian , Liu Hui , Rydman Sara M. , Rendón‐Anaya Martha , Kalman Teitur Ahlgren , Kumar Vikash , Canovi Camilla , Bernhardsson Carolina , Delhomme Nicolas , Jenkins Jerry , Wang Jing , Mähler Niklas , Richau Kerstin H. , Stokes Victoria , A'Hara Stuart , Cottrell Joan , Coeck Kizi , Diels Tim , Vandepoele Klaas , Mannapperuma Chanaka , Park Eung‐Jun , Plaisance Stephane , Jansson Stefan , Ingvarsson Pär K. , Street Nathaniel R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAspen (Populus tremula L.) is a keystone species and a model system for forest tree genomics. We present an updated resource comprising a chromosome‐scale assembly, population genetics and genomics data. Using the resource, we explore the genetic basis of natural variation in leaf size and shape, traits with complex genetic architecture.We generated the genome assembly using long‐read sequencing, optical and high‐density genetic maps. We conducted whole‐genome resequencing of the Umeå Aspen (UmAsp) collection. Using the assembly and re‐sequencing data from the UmAsp, Swedish Aspen (SwAsp) and Scottish Aspen (ScotAsp) collections we performed genome‐wide association analyses (GWAS) using Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) for 26 leaf physiognomy phenotypes. We conducted Assay of Transposase Accessible Chromatin sequencing (ATAC‐Seq), identified genomic regions of accessible chromatin, and subset SNPs to these regions, improving the GWAS detection rate. We identified candidate long non‐coding RNAs in leaf samples, quantified their expression in an updated co‐expression network, and used this to explore the functions of candidate genes identified from the GWAS.A GWAS found SNP associations for seven traits. The associated SNPs were in or near genes annotated with developmental functions, which represent candidates for further study. Of particular interest was a ~177‐kbp region harbouring associations with several leaf phenotypes in ScotAsp.We have incorporated the assembly, population genetics, genomics, and GWAS data into the PlantGenIE.org web resource, including updating existing genomics data to the new genome version, to enable easy exploration and visualisation. We provide all raw and processed data to facilitate reuse in future studies.
Reexploring the conception of heat–health risk: From the perspectives of dimensionality and spatiality
Authors: Peng Binbin , Hendricks Marccus D. , Hancock Gregory R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractExtreme heat events are more frequent and intense as a result of global climate change, thus posing tremendous threats to public health. However, extant literature exploring the multidimensional features of heat–health risks from a spatial perspective is limited. This study revisits extreme heat–health risk and decomposes this concept by integrating multi‐sourced datasets, identifying compositional features, examining spatial patterns, and comparing classified characteristics based on local conditions. Using Maryland as the focal point, we found that the components of heat–health risk are different from traditional risk dimensions (i.e., vulnerability, hazards, and exposure). Through a local‐level clustering analysis, heat–health risks were compared with areas having similar features, and among those with different features. The findings suggest a new perspective for understanding the socio‐environmental and socio‐spatial features of heat–health risks. They also offer an apt example of applying cross‐disciplinary methods and tools for investigating an ever‐changing phenomenon. Moreover, the spatial classification mechanism provides insights about the underlying causes of heat–health risk disparities and offers reference points for decision‐makers regarding identification of vulnerable areas, resource allocation, and causal inferences when planning for and managing extreme heat disasters.
Supercritical‐Flow Deposits: A New Quantitative Tool to Characterise Deep‐Marine Depositional Environments (Oligocene Annot Sandstones, SE France)?
Authors: Cornard P. H. , Pickering K. T. , Strasser M. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTDespite a growing interest, few studies integrate quantitative supercritical‐flow deposit (SFD) distribution into paleoenvironmental reconstructions in deep‐marine settings. We present a re‐evaluation of the Oligocene Annot Sandstones (SE France) in terms of flow criticality, by examining the spatial distribution of SFDs. Proximal settings exhibit SFD proportion varying from ~90% to 40% with a common occurrence of cyclic steps, whereas distal environments show <40% SFDs with antidunes and upper‐plane beds prevalent. Comparing SFD spatial distribution to other proxies in the Annot Sandstones and published proxies from the Eocene Ainsa‐Jaca basins (Spanish Pyrenees), SFD trends appear more consistent than those in sandstone percentages, or the distribution of the Bouma sequence divisions. Our approach achieves two goals: (1) establishing the reliability of quantitatively analysing SFDs as a proxy for paleoenvironment reconstructions, characterising the proximal‐to‐basin floor transition at ~40% SFDs and (2) providing fundamental insights into the formation processes compared to other proxies.
Herbicide evaluation in direct seeded rice in the middle Gangetic plains of India
Authors: Upadhaya Bharati , Tiwari Ravindra Kumar , Kishor Kaushal , Harsha B. R. , Singh Sumit Kumar , Kumar Sanjay , Kumar Shailesh 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA field experiment was conducted in Samastipur district of Bihar, India during kharif season of 2021 and 2022 to identify suitable herbicides for control of composite weed flora in direct seeded rice. Compared to weedy check, application of bispyribac sodium + pyrazosulfuron ethyl as tank mixture effectively reduced weed density at 50 days after seeding during both the cropping season (82% and 86%, respectively) and weed dry weight (7.62 and 7.18 g m−2, respectively) over control and as a result yielded maximum during both the cropping season (47.92 and 51.32 q ha−1, respectively). Based on overall performance, bispyribac sodium + pyrazosulfuron ethyl may be considered as viable weed management option in direct seeded rice for the rice growers of middle Indo‐Gangetic region.
A note on the PDE approach to the L∞$L^\infty$ estimates for complex Hessian equations on transverse Kähler manifolds
Authors: Sivaram P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this note, the partial differential equation (PDE) approach of Guo–Phong–Tong and Guo–Phong–Tong–Wang adapted to prove an estimate for transverse complex Monge–Ampère equations on homologically orientable transverse Kähler manifolds. As an application, a purely PDE‐based proof of the regularity of Calabi–Yau cone metrics on ‐Gorenstein ‐varieties is obtained.
The structural and functional effects of myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation are amplified by increases in sarcomere length and [Ca2+]
Authors: Turner Kyrah L. , Vander Top Blake J. , Kooiker Kristina B. , Mohran Saffie , Mandrycky Christian , McMillen Tim , Regnier Michael , Irving Thomas C. , Ma Weikang , Tanner Bertrand C. W. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPrecise regulation of sarcomeric contraction is essential for normal cardiac function. The heart must generate sufficient force to pump blood throughout the body, but either inadequate or excessive force can lead to dysregulation and disease. Myosin regulatory light chain (RLC) is a thick‐filament protein that binds to the neck of the myosin heavy chain. Post‐translational phosphorylation of RLC (RLC‐P) by myosin light chain kinase is known to influence acto‐myosin interactions, thereby increasing force production and Ca2+‐sensitivity of contraction. Here, we investigated the role of RLC‐P on cardiac structure and function as sarcomere length and [Ca2+] were altered. We found that at low, non‐activating levels of Ca2+, RLC‐P contributed to myosin head disorder, though there were no effects on isometric stress production and viscoelastic stiffness. With increases in sarcomere length and Ca2+‐activation, the structural changes due to RLC‐P become greater, which translates into greater force production, greater viscoelastic stiffness, slowed myosin detachment rates and altered nucleotide handling. Altogether, these data suggest that RLC‐P may alter thick‐filament structure by releasing ordered, off‐state myosin. These more disordered myosin heads are available to bind actin, which could result in greater force production as Ca2+ levels increase. However, prolonged cross‐bridge attachment duration due to slower ADP release could delay relaxation long enough to enable cross‐bridge rebinding. Together, this work further elucidates the effects of RLC‐P in regulating muscle function, thereby promoting a better understanding of thick‐filament regulatory contributions to cardiac function in health and disease.
imageKey points
Myosin regulatory light chain (RLC) is a thick‐filament protein in the cardiac sarcomere that can be phosphorylated (RLC‐P), and changes in RLC‐P are associated with cardiac dysfunction and disease.
This study assesses how RLC‐P alters cardiac muscle structure and function at different sarcomere lengths and calcium concentrations.
At low, non‐activating levels of Ca2+, RLC‐P contributed to myofilament disorder, though there were no effects on isometric stress production and viscoelastic stiffness.
With increases in sarcomere length and Ca2+‐activation, the structural changes due to RLC‐P become greater, which translates into greater force production, greater viscoelastic stiffness, slower myosin detachment rate and altered cross‐bridge nucleotide handling rates.
This work elucidates the role of RLC‐P in regulating muscle function and facilitates understanding of thick‐filament regulatory protein contributions to cardiac function in health and disease.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ МИКРОБИОМА ЖЕЛУДОЧНО-КИШЕЧНОГО ТРАКТА У ПТИЦ
Authors: Бегахмет А.М. , Текебаева Ж.Б. , Темирбекова А.Ж. , Евнеева Д.О. , Боранбаева Г.К. , Темирханов А.Ж. , Абжалелов А.Б. 
Published: September 2024

Одним из важных аспектов исследования микробиома желудочно-кишечного тракта (ЖКТ) птицы является выделение определенных бактерий, которые могут быть использованы в качестве пробиотиков. Пробиотики часто играют важную роль в улучшении здоровья кишечника цыплят посредством множества механизмов, включая усвоение питательных веществ, колонизацию нормальной микрофлорой, ингибирования кишечных инфекций.
Цель исследования – провести анализ разнообразия и распределения бактериальных культур, выделенных из различных отделов ЖКТ птицы для выявления потенциальных пробиотических культур.
Для выделения бактериальных штаммов из ЖКТ курицы породы Австралорп использовались стандартные микробиологические методы. Для этого образцы желудка, прямой, толстой и тонкой кишки отбирали с соблюдением всех правил асептики. Получение чистых культур молочнокислых бактерий (МКБ) проводили серийным разведением, с последующим высевом на чашки с агаром МРС. Инкубацию проводили при 37°C в микроаэрофильных условиях (O2 -5 %; CO2 -10%) в течение 24 – 48 часов.
Из различных отделов ЖКТ всего было выделено 36 бактериальных изолятов: из желудка – 5 изолятов, из тонкой кишки – 8 изолятов, из толстой кишки – 13 изолятов, из прямой кишки – 10 изолятов.
Методом определения нуклеотидной последовательности по 16SrRNA было обнаружено, что 23 штамма относятся к Levilactobacillus brevis, 3 штамма – к Lactobacillus casei, 6 штаммов – к Lactobacillus salivarius, 3 штамма – к Enterococcus faeciumи 1 штамм– к Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis. В результате анализа выделенные изоляты относятся к 5 видам пробиотических бактерий, доминирующими из которых оказались бактерии рода Levilactobacillus brevis для всех отделов. Наибольшее количество бактерий было выделено из толстого кишечника. Отделы толстого и прямого кишечника отличались разнообразием молочнокислых бактериальных культур, включая Lactobacillus casei в тонкой кишке, Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis в прямой кишке и Lactobacillus salivarius как в тонкой, так и в прямой кишке. Эти данные подчеркивают сложную микробиологическую динамику в кишечнике птиц и подчеркивают распространенность специфических видов бактерий в различных сегментах кишечника курицы породы Австралорп.
Результаты исследования представляют важные данные о составе бактериальной флоры в желудочно-кишечном тракте птиц, т.к. аборигенные штаммы имеют больший потенциал для приживления в кишечнике и оказания терапевтического эффекта в связи с выраженными антимикробными свойствами. Настоящее исследование имеет важное значение в скрининге пробиотических культур для перспективного использования в птицеводстве и создания на их основе биопрепарата, альтернативного антибиотикам.
Работа выполнена в рамках грантового проекта АP14869952 (2022-2024 гг).
РАЗРАБОТКА ПЦР-ТЕСТ-СИСТЕМЫ В РЕЖИМЕ РЕАЛЬНОГО ВРЕМЕНИ ДЛЯ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS
Authors: Даулетов А.Е. , Турсунбай Н.Е. , Кайыржанова А.Д. , Избанова У.А. , Шевцов А.Б. 
Published: September 2024

Туляремия – зоонозное заболевание, вызываемое грамотрицательной бактерией Francisella tularensis, факультативный внутриклеточный патоген. Десяти бактериальных клеток F. tularensis subsp. tularensis достаточно для развития инфекционного процесса с летальностью (без лечения) до 24%, что делает F. tularensis потенциальным биологическим оружием. Эпидемиологический мониторинг играет важную роль в контроле за туляремией в Казахстане. Большое разнообразие восприимчивых животных, наличие переносчиков и природных резервуаров выводят на первый план методы основанные на прямом выявлении возбудителя. Данный фактор повышает значимость разработки и использования ПЦР тест-систем при эпидемиологическом мониторинге, особенно, при работе со сложными образцами из окружающей среды. ПЦР в реальном времени является более быстрым, чувствительным и специфическим методом обнаружения патогенов.
В рамках настоящих исследований разработана ПЦР тест-система в режиме реального времени (qPCR) для идентификации F. tularensis. Разработаны видоспецифичные праймеры и флуоресцентно-меченный зонд TaqMan к последовательности многокопийного инсерционного элемента ISFtu1, частота встречаемости которого в геноме F. tularensis достигает 50 копий.
Результаты выравнивание последовательностей ISFtu1 12 штаммов F. tularensis и 1 штамма F. novacida показало, что эта область высоко консервативна в анализируемых геномах. Был выбран оптимальный участок для подбора прямого праймера ISFtu1_F_54, обратного праймера isftu-1_R_189 и флуоресцентного зонда isftu-2_Probes_108. Оценка специфичности была подтверждена на ДНК двух подвидов F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica и F. tularensis subsp. holarctica, 27 не целевых бактериальных видах и 3 эукариотических организмов. Наблюдался специфический сигнал только на образцах целевых организмов, без появления амплификации на не целевых образцах. Проверка чувствительности проводилось 4-х кратном серийном разведений ДНК F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica позволила установить минимальный порог чувствительности в 15 геномных эквивалентов в реакции. В диапазоне от 1 млн до 15 геномных копий в реакции отчетливо наблюдается регистрация флуоресцентного сигнала с пороговым циклом от 15 до 35 соответственно. Использование более низкой копийности не приводит к накоплению флуоресцентного сигнала. По своей чувствительности разработанная нами qPCR не уступает аналогам опубликованным в литературных источниках и потенциально может быть использован для тестирования ДНК выделенной от естественных резервуаров, переносчиков и объектов внешней среды.