bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capivasertib and fulvestrant for patients with HR-positive/HER2-negative advanced breast cancer: analysis of the subgroup of patients from Japan in the phase 3 CAPItello-291 trial
Authors: Tokunaga Eriko , Iwata Hiroji , Itoh Mitsuya , Taira Tetsuhiko , Toyama Tatsuya , Mizuno Toshiro , Osaki Akihiko , Yanagita Yasuhiro , Nakamura Seigo , Nakamura Rikiya , Sambe Tomoko , Ozaki Toshiaki , Schiavon Gaia , Howell Sacha J. , Toi Masakazu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
In CAPItello-291, capivasertib–fulvestrant significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) versus placebo–fulvestrant in the overall and PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN-altered population with hormone receptor-positive (HR-positive)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-negative) advanced breast cancer. Capivasertib–fulvestrant is approved in Japan for the treatment of patients with one or more tumor biomarker alterations (PIK3CA, AKT1 or PTEN). Here, we report outcomes in the CAPItello-291 subgroup of patients from Japan.

Methods
Adults with HR-positive/HER2-negative advanced breast cancer whose disease had relapsed or progressed during or after treatment with an aromatase inhibitor, with or without previous cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor therapy, were randomly assigned (1:1 ratio) to receive capivasertib or placebo, plus fulvestrant. The dual primary endpoint was investigator-assessed PFS in the overall and PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN-altered population. Safety was a secondary endpoint.

Results
Of 708 patients randomized in CAPItello-291, 78 were from Japan (37 randomized to capivasertib–fulvestrant and 41 to placebo–fulvestrant). In the Japan subgroup, PFS numerically favored the capivasertib–fulvestrant arm (hazard ratio 0.73; 95% CI 0.40–1.28), consistent with the analysis of PFS in the global population. Similarly, in the Japan subgroup of patients with PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN–altered tumors, PFS favored the capivasertib–fulvestrant arm (hazard ratio 0.65; 95% CI 0.29–1.39), consistent with the global population. The adverse event profile of capivasertib–fulvestrant in the Japan subgroup was broadly similar to that in the global population; no new safety concerns were identified.

Conclusion
Outcomes in the Japan subgroup were broadly similar to those of the global population, supporting the clinical benefit of capivasertib–fulvestrant in treating HR-positive/HER2-negative advanced breast cancer that has progressed on, or after, an endocrine-based regimen.
Clinical translation and landscape of silver nanoparticles
Authors: Dias Manuel , Zhang Rui , Lammers Twan , Pallares Roger M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Despite being clinically used for over a century, the benefits of silver nanoparticles are perennially under debate and dispute. In the last two decades, a revived interest in their therapeutic applications has resulted in a few new formulations transitioning into clinical trials. These metal nanomedicines are used in concrete applications that are defined by the physicochemical and biological features of the silver nanoconstructs, as well as their biodistribution profiles. Examples of these applications are topical antibacterial and antiviral therapies and wound healing, as these avoid concerns regarding the long-term accumulation of the nanomedicines in fenestrated organs after intravenous administration. Here, we discuss the current landscape of silver nanoparticles, and critically analyze the characteristics that endowed their transition and use in clinical settings.
Initial monitoring of a six-story lightweight timber frame building under different environmental conditions
Authors: Amaddeo Carmen , Dorn Michael , Martinelli Luca 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study presents a comprehensive investigation of the dynamic behavior of a six-story lightweight timber frame building through periodic and continuous ambient vibration tests. Seasonal changes in temperature and relative humidity can influence the dynamic response of timber buildings, by affecting stiffness, strength, and connection properties due to changes in moisture content. Systematic tests were performed from October 2022 until May 2024 to identify natural frequencies, damping ratios, and mode shapes of the building using five battery-driven data acquisition units equipped with 15 uni-axial accelerometers. Two different only-output frequency and time domain Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) methods were used to evaluate the dynamic properties of the building. Additionally, the building has been continuously monitored with temperature and humidity sensors since its construction. Results obtained from the periodic measurements highlighted the need for a permanent system to capture the transient changes in the modal parameters. A complementary permanent system to record the accelerations at the roof level was installed in May 2024. The modal parameters from in situ measurements were compared with those obtained from the Finite Element (FE) model of the structure. The FE model, calibrated through a multi-stage approach, incorporating non-structural elements, and varying imposed loads, showed good agreement with experimental data. Comparative analysis of the results obtained under different temperature and humidity conditions showed the effect of the environmental conditions on the building dynamics properties, for both periodic and permanent measurements. This study highlights the importance of continuous monitoring and detailed FE modeling in understanding the dynamic properties and long-term structural behavior under varying conditions. This information can be used to ensure that the building meets safety and performance requirements and to identify potential issues that may need to be addressed during the design and maintenance phases.
Fractional Wiener chaos: Part 1
Authors: Boguslavskaya Elena , Shishkina Elina 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a fractional analogue of the Wiener polynomial chaos expansion. It is important to highlight that the fractional order relates to the order of chaos decomposition elements, and not to the process itself, which remains the standard Wiener process. The central instrument in our fractional analogue of the Wiener chaos expansion is the function denoted as $${\mathcal {H}}_\alpha (x,y)$$

H
α

(
x
,
y
)

, referred to herein as a power-normalised parabolic cylinder function. Through careful analysis of several fundamental deterministic and stochastic properties, we affirm that this function essentially serves as a fractional extension of the Hermite polynomial. In particular, the power-normalised parabolic cylinder function with the Wiener process and time as its arguments, $${\mathcal {H}}_\alpha (W_t,t)$$

H
α

(

W
t

,
t
)

, demonstrates martingale properties and can be interpreted as a fractional Itô integral with 1 as the integrand, thereby drawing parallels with its non-fractional counterpart. To build a fractional analogue of polynomial Wiener chaos on the real line, we introduce a new function, which we call the extended Hermite function, by smoothly joining two power-normalized parabolic cylinder functions at zero. We form an orthogonal set of extended Hermite functions as a one-parameter family and use tensor products of the extended Hermite functions as building blocks in the fractional Wiener chaos expansion, in the same way that tensor products of Hermite polynomials are used as building blocks in the Wiener chaos polynomial expansion.
Estimating Cardiovascular Benefits of Tirzepatide in Sleep Apnea and Obesity: Insight from the SURMOUNT-OSA Trials
Authors: Beccuti Guglielmo , Bioletto Fabio , Parasiliti-Caprino Mirko , Benso Andrea , Ghigo Ezio , Cicolin Alessandro , Broglio Fabio 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Commentary
This commentary aims to offer a perspective on the effect of tirzepatide on hypoxic burden and provide indirect evidence of cardiovascular risk reduction after tirzepatide for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea and obesity. It also discusses the role of tirzepatide-induced weight loss in the management of obstructive sleep apnea.
Recent Findings.
In the SURMOUNT-OSA phase 3 trials, tirzepatide, a new GIP/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist, reduced the apnea–hypopnea index, hypoxic burden, and body weight in adults with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea and obesity. The change in apnea–hypopnea index is clinically relevant, but its impact on cardiovascular mortality remains unclear. Conversely, hypoxic burden predicts cardiovascular mortality across populations independent of AHI.

Summary
We attempted to postulate the magnitude of cardiovascular benefits of tirzepatide based on the reduction in hypoxic burden. Tirzepatide treatment for obstructive sleep apnea and obesity seems to result in hypoxic burden values associated with a lower cardiovascular mortality rate and thus might attenuate the negative cardiovascular impact of hypoxic burden.
Differences in body dissatisfaction between individuals with and without stigma toward obesity: A study of preadolescents and adolescents
Authors: Amaya-Hernández Adriana , Ortega-Luyando Mayaro , Mancilla-Diaz Juan Manuel , Alvarez-Rayón Georgina , Cruz-Navarro Michelle , Pérez-Ortiz Alejandro 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Previous studies have focused on understanding the biopsychosocial implications of obesity stigma and have made proposals to minimize its negative consequences, as well as recommendations to eliminate or reduce this stigma; however, knowing which individuals stigmatize obesity and why will allow us to have a broader picture of stigmatization and thus help in planning interventions with greater impact.

Objective
The aims were to describe the stigmatization toward obesity in preadolescents and adolescents and to determine whether there are differences in body dissatisfaction, abnormal eating behaviors and self-esteem among those with and without stigma toward obesity.

Methods
A total of 307 preadolescents and 349 adolescents answered a set of questionnaires that evaluated abnormal eating behaviors, body dissatisfaction, self-esteem and stigma.

Results
Fifty-nine percent of the participants stigmatized individuals with obesity, with preadolescents having the greatest stigma levels. Differences were observed only in body dissatisfaction, where the group of preadolescents who stigmatized individuals with obesity and the group of adolescents who did not stigmatize individuals with obesity reported higher levels of body dissatisfaction.

Conclusion
Obesity is stigmatized at early ages, regardless of sex; however, preadolescents with stigma toward obesity and adolescents without stigma toward obesity have greater body dissatisfaction, indicating that body dissatisfaction plays a crucial role in the stigmatization of obesity.

Level of evidence
Level V, cross-sectional analytical study.
The LDI (Liability-driven Investment) Debacle, Derivatives and Systemic Risk: There You Go Again!
Authors: Bavoso Vincenzo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article examines the role of derivatives in the context of the recent crisis in the UK pension system, specifically in liability-driven investment schemes. It unveils derivatives’ role as instruments that multiply and propagate losses among market participants once specific events (worst-case scenarios) materialise. This article questions the role of derivatives as risk-management and risk-diversification tools, given their employment, in this case as in others before, for speculative purposes. Critically, with speculation came higher than desirable levels of leverage that these financial products elicited, causing in the process a series of systemic concerns. While much criticism has been directed at post-2008 regulation, and particularly at clearing and margin requirements, this article proposes a broader view of the problems posed by derivatives in the different contexts of their applications. More specifically, attention is drawn to legal doctrines that could be redeployed for the purpose of mitigating the speculative nature of derivatives.
Polyline Morphing for Animated Schematic Maps
Authors: Forsch Axel , Kemna Ruben , Langetepe Elmar , Haunert Jan-Henrik 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThematic maps allow for the visual analysis of spatial data. When comparing two map states, preserving the mental map of a user facilitates the comparison. One way to achieve this is to use animated transitions between the states. This work presents an algorithm for computing such animations, called morphs, between schematized map objects, a technique particularly pertinent in urban mobility scenarios where schematic maps improve map legibility. In schematic maps, abstraction is used to reduce the visual complexity while still conveying information on a selected phenomenon. Our method ensures that the morph has four favorable properties: (1) it is self-intersection-free, (2) it maintains the schematization of the input features, (3) it is self-contained, and (4) every segment moves at its own constant velocity. We present an efficient algorithm to compute vertex traces and the timing of the morph. We evaluate our approach on isochrones visualizing travel times and on different layouts of schematic transit networks. The results show that the additional constraints we induce on the morphing only have a minor influence on the optimization target while they reduce the complexity of the animation.
Validation and Comparison of Non-stationary Cognitive Models: A Diffusion Model Application
Authors: Schumacher Lukas , Schnuerch Martin , Voss Andreas , Radev Stefan T. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCognitive processes undergo various fluctuations and transient states across different temporal scales. Superstatistics are emerging as a flexible framework for incorporating such non-stationary dynamics into existing cognitive model classes. In this work, we provide the first experimental validation of superstatistics and formal comparison of four non-stationary diffusion decision models in a specifically designed perceptual decision-making task. Task difficulty and speed-accuracy trade-off were systematically manipulated to induce expected changes in model parameters. To validate our models, we assess whether the inferred parameter trajectories align with the patterns and sequences of the experimental manipulations. To address computational challenges, we present novel deep learning techniques for amortized Bayesian estimation and comparison of models with time-varying parameters. Our findings indicate that transition models incorporating both gradual and abrupt parameter shifts provide the best fit to the empirical data. Moreover, we find that the inferred parameter trajectories closely mirror the sequence of experimental manipulations. Posterior re-simulations further underscore the ability of the models to faithfully reproduce critical data patterns. Accordingly, our results suggest that the inferred non-stationary dynamics may reflect actual changes in the targeted psychological constructs. We argue that our initial experimental validation paves the way for the widespread application of superstatistics in cognitive modeling and beyond.
The first dimeric indole-diterpenoids from a marine-derived Penicillium sp. fungus and their potential for anti-obesity drugs
Authors: Du Hui-Fang , Li Lei , Zhang Ya-Hui , Wang Xu , Zhou Cheng-Yan , Zhu Hua-Jie , Pittman Charles U. , Shou Jia-Wen , Cao Fei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Obesity has become a worldwide health problem. Seeking natural products with anti-obesity activity from lots of fungi has drawn the attention of pharmacologists. In our study, dipenipenoids A and B (1 and 2), the first dimeric indole-diterpenoids with a rare C-20–C-22′ linkage, and their monomers (3 and 4), were isolated from a marine-derived Penicillium sp. CF-06 fungus from Suaeda salsa. The absolute configurations of 1–3 were assigned by the calculated TDDFT ECD method. The structure of 4 was verified by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction method for the first time. Interestingly, 1 and 2 displayed significant effects on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes by down-regulating the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) proteins, while monomers 3 and 4 exhibited no activity. Molecular docking results explained the mechanism that the interaction between dimer 1 and PPARγ was stronger than that between monomer 3 and PPARγ. Our research could provide new insight for the discovery of anti-obesity drugs.
Correlation study of NF-κB, IER3, and Recurrence of Ovarian Endometrioid Cysts
Authors: Fan Xiang , Yang Ni , Huang Gu , Dong Yishan , Zhu Pengfeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to investigate the expression of nuclear actor-k-gene binding(NF-κB) and immediate early response 3(IER3) in ovarian endometrioid cysts and its correlation with the recurrence of the ovarian endometrioid cyst. From January 2018 to March 2019, a total of 88 patients who underwent laparoscopic ovarian cyst excision due to ovarian endometrioid cyst in Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital were selected. Clinical data of the patients were collected. The patient's Revised American Fertility Society (R-AFS) score, least function(LF) score, and endometriosis fertility index (EFI) were calculated. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of IER3 and NF-κB. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of IER3 and NF-κB expression on postoperative recurrence. Cox regression was fitted to analyze the influencing factors of ovarian endometrioid cyst recurrence. The expression of NF-κB was positively correlated with IER3 (P < 0.001). ROC curve showed that NF-κB combined with IER3 had higher predictive value for disease recurrence. Multivariate Cox regression showed that the IER3 expression intensity > 4.5 (HR = 3.418,95%CI: 1.227 ~ 9.523, P = 0.019) and the NF-κB expression intensity > 4.5 (HR = 5.491,95%CI: 1.600 ~ 18.838, P = 0.007) were independent risk factors for recurrence, and EFI score (HR = 0.791,95%CI: 0.637 ~ 0.983, P = 0.035) was a protective factor for recurrence. Our results suggested that EFI score is a protective factor for recurrence. The expression levels of NF-κB and IER3 > 4.5 are correlated with the recurrence of ovarian endometrioid cysts and independent risk factors for recurrence.
Real-world insights into the management of hemophilia A in Italy: treatment patterns and healthcare resource utilization
Authors: Perrone Valentina , Leogrande Melania , Cappuccilli Maria , Esposti Luca Degli 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This real-world analysis described the Hemophilia A (HA) population in Italy, evaluating drug utilization and consumption of factor VIII (FVIII) products of patients under prophylaxis and on-demand therapy.

Methods
From Jan-2017 to Jun-2022, male patients with HA were identified through prescriptions of FVIII products [extended half-life FVIII, standard half-life recombinant FVIII, and plasma-derived FVIII (EHL FVIII, SHL rFVIII, and pdFVIII, respectively)], or emicizumab or FVIII plus von Willebrand factor or HA-related hospitalization using administrative flows of Italian healthcare entities. Patients on treatment with FVIII products during 2021–2022 were stratified by treatment regimen (prophylaxis/on-demand). The mean annual consumption expressed in International Units (IU) of EHL FVIII and SHL FVIII in patients treated during 2021–2022 having at least 12-month follow-up were assessed.

Results
Among included HA patients, 145 (39.5%) received EHL FVIII and 222 (60.5%) SHL FVIII. Of 165 patients on prophylaxis, 105 (64%) received an EHL FVIII and 60 (36%) an SHL FVIII. The mean annual consumption of FVIII was 336,700 IU (median 319,000 IU) for EHL FVIII and 440,267 IU (median 360,500 IU) for SHL FVIII. Specifically, for patients on EHL FVIII, the most common drugs were efmoroctocog alfa (N = 51) and damoctocog alfa pegol (N = 50), followed by turoctocog alfa pegol (N = 25) and rurioctocog alfa pegol (N = 19). Of 702 HA patients initially treated with FVIII products, 74 (10.5%) switched to emicizumab during follow-up.

Conclusion
These findings revealed an extensive use of EHL FVIII products, suggesting growing efforts from clinicians to optimize prophylactic strategies and achieve better bleeding protection.
A survey on LLM-based multi-agent systems: workflow, infrastructure, and challenges
Authors: Li Xinyi , Wang Sai , Zeng Siqi , Wu Yu , Yang Yi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe pursuit of more intelligent and credible autonomous systems, akin to human society, has been a long-standing endeavor for humans. Leveraging the exceptional reasoning and planning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), LLM-based agents have been proposed and have achieved remarkable success across a wide array of tasks. Notably, LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) are considered a promising pathway towards realizing general artificial intelligence that is equivalent to or surpasses human-level intelligence. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of these studies, offering a systematic review of LLM-based MAS. Adhering to the workflow of LLM-based multi-agent systems, we synthesize a general structure encompassing five key components: profile, perception, self-action, mutual interaction, and evolution. This unified framework encapsulates much of the previous work in the field. Furthermore, we illuminate the extensive applications of LLM-based MAS in two principal areas: problem-solving and world simulation. Finally, we discuss in detail several contemporary challenges and provide insights into potential future directions in this domain.
IMPROVED UPPER BOUNDS ON DIOPHANTINE TUPLES WITH THE PROPERTY
$D(n)$
Authors: YIP CHI HOI 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Let n be a nonzero integer. A set S of positive integers is a Diophantine tuple with the property

$D(n)$

if

$ab+n$

is a perfect square for each

$a,b \in S$

with

$a \neq b$

. It is of special interest to estimate the quantity

$M_n$

, the maximum size of a Diophantine tuple with the property

$D(n)$

. We show the contribution of intermediate elements is

$O(\log \log |n|)$

, improving a result by Dujella [‘Bounds for the size of sets with the property

$D(n)$

’, Glas. Mat. Ser. III39(59)(2) (2004), 199–205]. As a consequence, we deduce that

$M_n\leq (2+o(1))\log |n|$

, improving the best known upper bound on

$M_n$

by Becker and Murty [‘Diophantine m-tuples with the property

$D(n)$

’, Glas. Mat. Ser. III54(74)(1) (2019), 65–75].