bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entrapment of antimicrobial compounds in a metal matrix for crop protection
Authors: Brill Aya , Menagen Barak , Malach Einav , Zelinger Einat , Avnir David , Burdman Saul , Hayouka Zvi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAgricultural yields are often limited by damage caused by pathogenic microorganisms, including plant‐pathogenic bacteria. The chemical control options to cope with bacterial diseases in agriculture are limited, predominantly relying on copper‐based products. These compounds, however, possess limited efficacy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel technologies to manage bacterial plant diseases and reduce food loss. In this study, a new antimicrobial agent was developed using a doping method that entraps small bioactive organic molecules inside copper as the metal matrix. The food preservative agent lauroyl arginate ethyl ester (ethyl lauroyl arginate; LAE) was chosen as the doped organic compound. The new composites were termed LAE@[Cu]. Bactericidal assays against Acidovorax citrulli, a severe plant pathogen, revealed that LAE and copper in the composites possess a synergistic interaction as compared with each component individually. LAE@[Cu] composites were further characterised in terms of chemical properties and in planta assays demonstrated their potential for further development as crop protection agents.
Unique episymbiotic relationship between Candidatus Patescibacteria and Zoogloea in activated sludge flocs at a municipal wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Fujii Naoki , Kuroda Kyohei , Narihiro Takashi , Aoi Yoshiteru , Ozaki Noriatsu , Ohashi Akiyoshi , Kindaichi Tomonori 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCandidatus Patescibacteria, also known as candidate phyla radiation (CPR), including the class‐level uncultured clade JAEDAM01 (formerly a subclass of Gracilibacteria/GN02/BD1‐5), are ubiquitous in activated sludge. However, their characteristics and relationships with other organisms are largely unknown. They are believed to be episymbiotic, endosymbiotic or predatory. Despite our understanding of their limited metabolic capacity, their precise roles remain elusive due to the difficulty in cultivating and identifying them. In previous research, we successfully recovered high‐quality metagenome‐assembled genomes (MAGs), including a member of JAEDAM01 from activated sludge flocs. In this study, we designed new probes to visualize the targeted JAEDAM01‐associated MAG HHAS10 and identified its host using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The FISH observations revealed that JAEDAM01 HHAS10‐like cells were located within dense clusters of Zoogloea, and the fluorescence brightness of zoogloeal cells decreased in the vicinity of the CPR cells. The Zoogloea MAGs possessed genes related to extracellular polymeric substance biosynthesis, floc formation and nutrient removal, including a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) accumulation pathway. The JAEDAM01 MAG HHAS10 possessed genes associated with type IV pili, competence protein EC and PHA degradation, suggesting a Zoogloea‐dependent lifestyle in activated sludge flocs. These findings indicate a new symbiotic relationship between JAEDAM01 and Zoogloea.
Assessing population viability and management strategies for species recovery of the critically endangered Puerto Rican parrot
Authors: Faust L. J. , Martínez T. M. , Parsons A. W. , White T. H. , Valentin R. , Vélez‐Valentín J. , Ramos‐Güivas B. , Nelson S. S. , Lopez M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRecovery of endangered species is challenging and lengthy, especially when it involves reintroduction and dynamic environmental conditions. Because managers often need to decide between many management strategies with uncertain outcomes, periodically assessing progress toward recovery using population viability analysis (PVA) can help guide decision‐making. We developed a PVA for the critically endangered Puerto Rican parrot (Amazona vittata) to evaluate current status and potential future management strategies to reach goals set in the Recovery Plan. Having grown from their nadir of 13 birds in 1976 to 686 in 2021, the recovery effort has made great progress. Using 15 years of data, we built an individual‐based PVA that included interactions between two captive and three wild populations connected via annual releases. If management continues as planned, the wild populations have no to moderate risks of extinction (0–32%) over the next 100 years. However, wild populations remain dependent on releases to sustain growth, and recovery targets for stable population growth and connectivity have not yet been reached. Our analysis suggests that hurricanes are an impediment to reaching recovery targets and impact some wild populations more than others based on geography. Projections with climate‐change‐induced higher hurricane impact resulted in wild populations being less likely to stabilize. We identified demographic rates and associated management strategies that could positively impact wild populations: increasing reproduction (e.g., via increasing artificial nests, improving nest success) and decreasing first‐year mortality (e.g., via targeted predator control). Based on our current understanding of Puerto Rican parrot demographics, species recovery will continue to be management‐dependent unless demographic rates can be altered. As more data are gathered, especially for data‐sparse populations and in the face of environmental change, future iterations of this model can re‐evaluate progress, update management strategies, and provide support for deciding if and when to delist this iconic species.
3D‐printed blood vessels engineered to more closely mimic human vasculature
Authors: Shah Aakash M. 
Published: September 2024

SummaryNovel bioprinting technique offers strategy for building dense organ systems with complex multilayered vascular networks. Building on a technique called “sacrificial writing in functional tissue,” researchers have developed immature organ systems capable of maintaining rudimentary function and maintaining viability owing to an intricate vascular network.
Exploring the spatial interference effects elicited by social and non‐social targets: A conditional accuracy function approach
Authors: Ponce Renato , Lupiáñez Juan , González‐García Carlos , Casagrande Maria , Marotta Andrea 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRecent studies employing the spatial interference paradigm reveal qualitative differences in congruency effects between gaze and arrow targets. Typically, arrows produce a standard congruency effect (SCE), with faster responses when target direction aligns with its location. Conversely, gaze targets often lead to a reversed congruency effect (RCE), where responses are slower in similar conditions. We explored this dissociation using the Conditional Accuracy Function (CAF) to assess accuracy across reaction time bins. Using a hierarchical linear mixed modelling approach to compare cropped eyes, and full faces as social stimuli, and arrows as non‐social stimuli, we synthesized findings from 11 studies, which led to three distinct models. The results showed that with non‐social targets, incongruent trials exhibited lower accuracy rates in the first bin than in subsequent bins, while congruent trials maintained stable accuracy throughout the distribution. Conversely, social targets revealed a dissociation within the fastest responses; alongside a general reduction in accuracy for both congruency conditions, congruent trials resulted in even lower accuracy rates than incongruent ones. These results suggest with gaze targets that additional information, perhaps social, in addition to the automatic capture by the irrelevant target location, is being processed during the earlier stages of processing.
Advanced progress of vestibular compensation in vestibular neural networks
Authors: Wang Jun , Zhang Yuejin , Yang Huajing , Tian E. , Guo Zhaoqi , Chen Jingyu , Qiao Caijuan , Jiang Hongqun , Guo Jiaqi , Zhou Zhanghong , Luo Qing , Shi Shiyu , Yao Hongyi , Lu Yisheng , Zhang Sulin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractVestibular compensation is the natural process of recovery that occurs with acute peripheral vestibular lesion. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying vestibular compensation, focusing on the role of the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN), the central hub of the vestibular system, and its associated neural networks. The disruption of neural activity balance between the bilateral MVNs underlies the vestibular symptoms after unilateral vestibular damage, and this balance disruption can be partially reversed by the mutual inhibitory projections between the bilateral MVNs, and their top‐down regulation by other brain regions via different neurotransmitters. However, the detailed mechanism of how MVN is involved in vestibular compensation and regulated remains largely unknown. A deeper understanding of the vestibular neural network and the neurotransmitter systems involved in vestibular compensation holds promise for improving treatment outcomes and developing more effective interventions for vestibular disorders.
Combined use of CLP290 and bumetanide alleviates neuropathic pain and its mechanism after spinal cord injury in rats
Authors: Pan Yun‐zhu , Talifu Zuliyaer , Wang Xiao‐xin , Ke Han , Zhang Chun‐jia , Xu Xin , Yang De‐gang , Yu Yan , Du Liang‐jie , Gao Feng , Li Jian‐Jun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimWe aimed to explore whether the combination of CLP290 and bumetanide maximally improves neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury (SCI) and its possible molecular mechanism.MethodsRats were randomly divided into five groups: Sham, SCI + vehicle, SCI + CLP290, SCI + bumetanide, and SCI + combination (CLP290 + bumetanide). Drug administration commenced on the 7th day post‐injury (7 dpi) and continued for 14 days. All rats underwent behavioral assessments for 56 days to comprehensively evaluate the effects of interventions on mechanical pain, thermal pain, cold pain, motor function, and other relevant parameters. Electrophysiological assessments, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence detection were performed at different timepoints post‐injury, with a specific focus on the expression and changes of KCC2 and NKCC1 proteins in the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord.ResultsCLP290 and bumetanide alleviated SCI‐associated hypersensitivity and locomotor function, with the combination providing enhanced recovery. The combined treatment group exhibited the most significant improvement in restoring Rate‐Dependent Depression (RDD) levels. In the combined treatment group and the two individual drug administration groups, the upregulation of potassium chloride cotransporter 2 (K+‐Cl−cotransporter 2, KCC2) expression and downregulation of sodium potassium chloride cotransporter 1 (Na+‐K+‐Cl−cotransporter 1, NKCC1) expression in the lumbar enlargement area resulted in a significant increase in the KCC2/NKCC1 ratio compared to the SCI + vehicle group, with the most pronounced improvement seen in the combined treatment group. Compared to the SCI + vehicle group, the SCI + bumetanide group showed no significant paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) improvement at 21 and 35 dpi, but a notable enhancement at 56 dpi. In contrast, the SCI + CLP290 group significantly improved PWTL at 21 days, with non‐significant changes at 35 and 56 days. At 21 dpi, KCC2 expression was marginally higher in monotherapy groups versus SCI + vehicle, but not significantly. At 56 dpi, only the SCI + bumetanide group showed a significant difference in KCC2 expression compared to the control group.ConclusionCombined application of CLP290 and bumetanide effectively increases the ratio of KCC2/NKCC1, restores RDD levels, enhances GABAA receptor‐mediated inhibitory function in the spinal cord, and relieves neuropathic pain in SCI; Bumetanide significantly improves neuropathic pain in the long term, whereas CLP290 demonstrates a notable short‐term effect.
Human cutaneous pythiosis: A case report
Authors: Nutthapan Nutpeera , Sutichaiworapong Wuttinee , Wu Yu‐Hung 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHuman pythiosis is a rarely encountered yet potentially harmful infectious disease. It is mostly caused by Pythium insidiosum, an aquatic fungal‐like organism, and primarily manifests in tropical locales such as India and Thailand. Cutaneous/subcutaneous pythiosis accounts for a small proportion of all clinical forms. The relationship between cutaneous pythiosis and hemoglobinopathy remains uncertain, unlike the vascular form. The histopathology of the disease demonstrates eosinophilic granulomatous inflammation and dense eosinophilic material enveloping the organism, known as the Splendore–Hoeppli phenomenon. These histopathologic characteristics resemble those observed in entomophthoromycosis. Until now, the histopathology of human cutaneous pythiosis has been scarcely delineated in the literature. Herein, we report a case of cutaneous pythiosis in an adult thalassemic agricultural worker who presented with a 2‐month history of a progressive, painful, erythematous infiltrative plaque on the left leg. The definitive diagnosis was ascertained through histopathologic examination and the identification of anti‐P. insidiosum antibodies in the serum utilizing enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. This report demonstrates the exquisite histopathologic findings of a rare case of human cutaneous pythiosis.
Should I stay (home) or should I go (party)? Examination of drinking as a mediator of the relationship between alcohol‐related social media content and adherence to COVID‐19 recommendations among college students
Authors: Steers Mai‐Ly Nguyen , Wickham Robert E. , Ploykao Tanrak , Buchholz William , Tanygin Angela B. , Ward Rose Marie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe COVID‐19 pandemic impacted young people's drinking. Yet, despite social gatherings posing a known risk for increased contraction, some college students still congregated to drink. Furthermore, some students posted about these drinking events to their public and/or private social media feeds. It is crucial to understand the relationships between posting alcohol‐related content (ARC), drinking and adherence to COVID‐19 recommendations because they may have contributed to the spread of the virus.MethodsThe current interval contingent, 14‐day diary study assessed students' (N = 129) public and private ARC; their drinking; percentage of time wearing a mask and social distancing; and number of people they socialised with during drinking events (total crowd size) each day.ResultsMultilevel structural equation modelling was employed to examine relationships between ARC posting, drinking and behavioural outcomes. On days in which students posted both public and private ARC, they tended to drink more and in turn, reported attending gatherings with larger crowds. Curiously, on days in which students drank more, they indicated more mask wearing and social distancing, and on days in which students posted more private ARC, they also reported larger crowds. Finally, an indirect effect of drinking on the links between public and private ARC and mask wearing, social distancing and total crowd sizes emerged.Discussion and ConclusionsFindings revealed students continued to post and drink socially despite the risks, which may have encouraged others within their networks to engage in similar risky behaviours. Future public health crises should balance young people's need for social connection with risk mitigation efforts.
Ethical analysis of informed consent methods in longitudinal cohort studies: A Chinese perspective
Authors: Li Kun , Huang Mingtao , Zhai Xiaomei , Wang Chen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn longitudinal cohort studies involving large populations over extended periods, informed consent entails numerous urgent challenges. This paper explores challenges regarding informed consent in long‐term, large‐scale longitudinal cohort studies based on the longitudinal and dynamic nature of such research. It analyzes and evaluates widely recognized broad consent and dynamic consent methods, highlighting limitations concerning their ability to adapt to evolving research objectives and participant perspectives. This paper discusses trust‐based informed consent and emphasizes the needs to establish and maintain trust with research participants and to balance information disclosure with respect for participants' autonomy. Informed consent in long‐term studies is an evolving process that must adapt to changing research environments. Based on participant trust, researchers should observe and assess potential research risks. Finally, the paper recommends enhancing institutional credibility, implementing reconsent procedures, and ensuring robust ethical oversight to safeguard participants' rights despite the complexity of modern biomedical research.
Ultra‐processed foods cause weight gain and increased energy intake associated with reduced chewing frequency: A randomized, open‐label, crossover study
Authors: Hamano Shoko , Sawada Mika , Aihara Masakazu , Sakurai Yoshitaka , Sekine Rie , Usami Satoshi , Kubota Naoto , Yamauchi Toshimasa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimTo elucidate the effects of ultra‐processed foods (UPFs) on body weight and ad libitum energy intake compared with non‐UPFs.Materials and MethodsIn this randomized, open‐label crossover study conducted at the University of Tokyo Hospital, overweight/obese Japanese male participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to start the study with consumption of either UPFs or non‐UPFs for 1 week, followed by a 2‐week washout period, before crossing over to the alternate food diet for 1 week. Individuals with diabetes, hypertension or any other medical conditions who visited a hospital regularly were excluded. The meals were designed to be matched for the total energy and macronutrient levels. The primary outcome was the difference in the body weight change between the UPF and non‐UPF periods. The differences in the average daily energy intake and chewing frequency were assessed as one of the prespecified secondary outcomes.ResultsNine eligible participants were randomly assigned to start the study with either UPFs or non‐UPFs. All participants completed the study. During the UPF period, participants gained 1.1 kg more weight (95% confidence interval 0.2 to 2.0; P = .021) and consumed 813.5 kcal more per day (342.4 to 1284.7; P = .0041) compared with during the non‐UPF period. Regarding the chewing frequency, the number of chews per calorie was significantly lower during the UPF period (P = .016).ConclusionsConsumption of UPFs causes significant weight gain. Medical nutritional therapy focused on reducing the consumption of UPFs could be an effective strategy for preventing obesity.
Fire ants mediate competition between scale insects and fruit flies
Authors: Wen Jian , Xiao Lu , Zou Yan , Chen Kewei , Lu Yongyue , Fu Lang , Weng Yiqiang , Cao Fengqin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Competition, as an interspecific interaction, significantly influences both species evolution and ecosystem stability; furthermore, its outcome can be shaped by interspecific dynamics and chemical communication.
We studied the orchard populations of mealybugs, Planococcus lilacinus, and fruit flies, Bactrocera dorsalis, assessing both their damage rates and interactions with fire ants, Solenopsis invicta. We analysed their competitive dynamics across various rearing conditions and identified the chemical cues from honeydew and ant semiochemicals that mediate this competition.
The abundance of S. invicta significantly influenced the damage rates of the pests we studied. An increase in the abundance of S. invicta reduced the damage caused by B. dorsalis but increased that caused by P. lilacinus. Competition in varied rearing environments revealed that B. dorsalis had a superior ability to exploit food resources in the absence of S. invicta. However, the presence of S. invicta reversed this competitive outcome.
Further results showed that P. lilacinus honeydew attracted S. invicta, which in turn deterred B. dorsalis from laying eggs. This suggests a strategy by P. lilacinus to repel B. dorsalis and protect its population. Key honeydew attractants, such as ethyl lactate and cis‐linalooloxide, and repellents, including d‐limonene and dodecanoic acid from S. invicta, were identified.
Our findings highlight the competition between B. dorsalis and P. lilacinus and emphasize the role of S. invicta in mediating these interactions through chemical communication. This contributes to our understanding of how these two pests coexist and has significant implications for developing new pest management strategies.
Gene doping in horse racing and equine sports: Current landscape and future perspectives
Authors: Puchalska Maria , Witkowska‐Piłaszewicz Olga 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGene doping, the use of gene therapy or genetic manipulation to enhance athletic performance, has emerged as a potential threat to the integrity and welfare of equine sports, such as horse racing and equestrian sports. This review aims to provide an overview of gene doping in horses, including the underlying technologies, potential applications, detection methods, ethical concerns and future perspectives. By understanding the current landscape of gene doping in horses, stakeholders can work together to develop strategies to safeguard the integrity of equine sports.
The influence of habitat alteration on density of invading white‐tailed deer should not be discounted
Authors: Barnas Andrew , Anholt Brad , Burton A. Cole , Carroll Kathleen , Côté Steeve D. , Festa‐Bianchet Marco , Fryxell John , St‐Laurent Martin‐Hugues , Fisher Jason T. 
Published: September 2024

Growing white‐tailed deer populations in Canada's boreal forest are linked to declines of threatened boreal caribou populations. Recent work by Dickie et al. (2024) shows that climate plays a stronger role than anthropogenic habitat alteration in impacting deer white‐tailed deer density, however we contend that these findings are not robust due to insufficient data and the analysis used is sensitive to data scaling approach. We demonstrate approximately equal but opposite effects of climate and alteration on white‐tailed deer population density, and emphasize the importance of robust analyses involving contentious conservation issues.