bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and CO2 adsorption behavior of amine‐functionalized porous polystyrene adsorbent
Authors: Liu Fenglei , Chen Shuixia , Gao Yanting , Xie Yufang 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTA solid amine adsorbent was prepared by modifying a porous polystyrene resin (XAD‐4) with chloroacetyl chloride through a Friedel–Crafts acylation reaction, followed by aminating with tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA). The adsorption behavior of CO2 from a simulated flue gas on the solid amine adsorbent was evaluated. Factors that could determine the CO2 adsorption performance of the adsorbents such as amine species, adsorption temperature, and moisture were investigated. The experimental results showed that the solid amine adsorbent modified with TEPA (XAD‐4‐TEPA), which had a longer chain, showed an amine efficiency superior to the other two amine species with shorter chains. The CO2 adsorption capacity decreased obviously as the temperature increased because the reaction between CO2 and amine groups was an exothermic reaction, and its adsorption amount reached 1.7 mmol/g at 10 °C in dry conditions. The existence of water could significantly increase the CO2 adsorption amount of the adsorbent by promoting the chemical adsorption of CO2 on XAD‐4‐TEPA. The adsorbent kept almost the same adsorption amount after 10 cycles of adsorption–desorption. All of these results indicated that amine‐functionalized XAD‐4 resin was a promising CO2 adsorbent. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45046.
Dehydration of industrial isopropanol (IPA) waste by pervaporation and vapor permeation membranes
Authors: Zuo Jian , Hua Dan , Maricar Verma , Ong Yee Kang , Chung Tai‐Shung 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTWe have investigated the feasibility of using polymeric membranes for the dehydration of industrial isopropanol (IPA) waste from MSD International GmbH by pervaporation and vapor permeation in this study. Four types of membranes were employed. They were (1) thin‐film composite hollow fiber consisting of a polyamide selective layer and a polyetherimide Ultem® substrate, (2) dual‐layer hollow fiber comprising an outer cellulose triacetate (CTA) layer and an inner Ultem® substrate, and (3) two commercially available Sulzer flat‐sheet membranes. The dual‐layer hollow fiber shows the most balanced separation performance in terms of flux and separation factor for the dehydration of industrial IPA waste because it has a porous substructure and a thin dense selective layer. Under vapor permeation tests at 125 °C, it has a flux of 13.41 kg/m2 h and a separation factor of 1332. This study demonstrates the great potential of using polymeric membranes to dehydrate industrial IPA waste for pharmaceutical and electronic industries. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45086.
Exploration on polypropylene carbonate polymer for gel polymer electrolyte preparation and dye‐sensitized solar cell application
Authors: Farhana N. K. , Khanmirzaei Mohammad H. , Ramesh S. , Ramesh K. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTGel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) with incorporation of polypropylene carbonate (PPC) polymer and different weight percentages of sodium iodide (NaI) salt are prepared. Ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate are used as plasticizers. The maximum ionic conductivity of 2.01 mS cm−1 is achieved at room temperature. Temperature‐dependent ionic conductivity study is performed. The GPEs are studied for structural properties using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The FTIR analysis confirms that complexation between PPC and NaI has occurred. By using GPEs, dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSC) are fabricated under the one Sun light intensity. The highest energy conversion efficiency of 6.38% is achieved with incorporation of 60 wt % of NaI. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45091.
Radiological and Microsurgical Anatomy for Variation of the Mandible: Comparative Study of Human and Macaca fascicularis
Authors: Iwanaga Joe , Watanabe Koichi , Saga Tsuyoshi , Tabira Yoko , Hirasaki Eishi , Fisahn Christian , Tubbs R. Shane , Kusukawa Jingo , Yamaki Koh‐Ichi 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTRecent studies using cone‐beam computer tomography (CBCT) have added to our understanding of anatomical variation in the mandible of humans. However, the distribution of nerves cannot be revealed by CBCT. There have been investigations of the distribution of nerves relating to the mandible, but some proposed causes of these variations remain controversial. In this study, we observed a total of 10 sides from five mandibles of Macaca fascicularis of unknown age and sex using CBCT and dissection under stereomicroscopy. Nine of the 10 sides had two mental foramina in each side. Innervation by the mental nerves depended on the locations of those foramina. The long branch to the mandibular angle ran with a branch of the facial artery, which joined the mental artery in all 10 sides. Five specimens had a median perforating canal in the mandibular bone. In addition, a branch of the sublingual artery, which joined with the small branches of the submental artery, entered the mandibular bone from the median lingual foramen. This foramen was located in the lower part of the mandibular symphysis and passed via the median perforating canal to exit from the median labial foramen, also located in the lower part of the mandibular symphysis. We speculate that the median perforating canal of the mandible, rarely found in humans, is the remnant of the feeding artery of the fetal mandible, and in M. fascicularis is seen in all specimens because they have no mental protuberance. Anat Rec, 300:1464–1471, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
De Novo Synthesis of Mono‐ and Oligosaccharides via Dihydropyran Intermediates
Authors: Song Wangze , Wang Shuojin , Tang Weiping 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe importance of carbohydrates is evident by their essential role in all living systems. Their syntheses have attracted attention from chemists for over a century. Most chemical syntheses in this area focus on the preparation of carbohydrates from naturally occurring monosaccharides. De novo chemical synthesis of carbohydrates from feedstock starting materials has emerged as a complementary method for the preparation of diverse mono‐ and oligosaccharides. In this review, the history of de novo carbohydrate synthesis is briefly discussed and particular attention is given to methods that address the formation of glycosidic bonds for potential de novo synthesis of oligosaccharides. Almost all methods of this kind involve the formation of dihydropyran intermediates. Recent progress in forming dihydropyrans by Achmatowicz rearrangement, hetero‐Diels–Alder cycloaddition, ring‐closing metathesis, and other methods is also elaborated.
Fault Detection and Isolation Method Based on H−/H∞ Unknown Input Observer Design in Finite Frequency Domain
Authors: Zhou Meng , Wang Zhenhua , Shen Yi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper proposes an actuator fault detection and isolation strategy based on a bank of unknown input observers with finite frequency specifications. In order to deal with actuator fault diagnosis problem, a bank of H−/H∞ unknown input observers are designed to generate residuals, which are insensitive to the corresponding faults but sensitive to the other actuators faults, and meanwhile robust against the unknown disturbances. In this paper, the actuator faults and unknown disturbances are considered to belong to finite frequency domains, and two finite frequency performance indices are used to measure the fault sensitivity and the disturbance robustness of the residuals. Furthermore, some parameters for extra design of freedom are introduced in the H−/H∞ unknown input observers design. Based on the generalised Kalman‐Yakubovich‐Popov (GKYP) lemma, the design conditions of the H−/H∞ unknown input observer are derived and formulated as linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, a VTOL aircraft model is used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed fault diagnosis scheme.
Observer‐based Fault Estimators Using Iterative Learning Scheme for Linear Time‐delay Systems with Intermittent Faults
Authors: Feng Li , Zhang Ke , Chai Yi , Yang Zhimin , Xu Shuiqing 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper deals with the fault estimation problem for a class of linear time‐delay systems with intermittent fault and measurement noise. Different from existing observer‐based fault estimation schemes, in the proposed design, an iterative learning observer is constructed by using the integrated errors composed of state predictive error and tracking error in the previous iteration. First of all, Lyapunov function including the information of time delay is proposed to guarantee the convergence of system output. Subsequently, a novel fault estimation law based on iterative learning scheme is presented to estimate the size and shape of various fault signals. Upon system output convergence analysis, we proposed an optimal function to select appropriate learning gain matrixes such that tracking error converges to zero, simultaneously to ensure the robustness of the proposed iterative learning observer which is influenced by measurement noise. Note that, an improved sufficient condition for the existence of such an estimator is established in terms of the linear matrix inequality (LMI) by the Schur complements and Young relation. In addition, the results are both suit for the systems with time‐varying delay and the systems with constant delay. Finally, three numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods and two comparability examples are provided to prove the superiority of the algorithm.
Distributed Adjacency Weight Design for Second‐order Consensus in Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks
Authors: Chen Zhenping , Huang Yourui , Li Dequan , Tang Chaoli 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe energy supply for sensors in wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSANs) is usually limited, we therefore focus on how to design the adjacency weights for achieving second‐order consensus with less communication energy consumption in a distributed way, and investigate this issue from both the viewpoints of the rate of convergence and the sparsity of the network. We also derived the conditions on the consensus control parameter and the updating period for the proposed consensus protocol to ensure the convergence. It is shown that, by removing some properly chosen links, the sparsity of the resulting network can produce a positive effect on the energy efficiency of WSANs. Finally, simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Meta-analysis of prophylactic abdominal drainage in pancreatic surgery
Authors: Hüttner F J , Probst P , Knebel P , Strobel O , Hackert T , Ulrich A , Büchler M W , Diener M K 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Background
Intra-abdominal drains are frequently used after pancreatic surgery whereas their benefit in other gastrointestinal operations has been questioned. The objective of this meta-analysis was to compare abdominal drainage with no drainage after pancreatic surgery.

Methods
PubMed, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science electronic databases were searched systematically to identify RCTs comparing abdominal drainage with no drainage after pancreatic surgery. Two independent reviewers critically appraised the studies and extracted data. Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to aggregate dichotomous outcomes, and weighted mean differences for continuous outcomes. Summary effect measures were presented together with their 95 per cent confidence intervals.

Results
Some 711 patients from three RCTs were included. The 30-day mortality rate was 2·0 per cent in the drain group versus 3·4 per cent after no drainage (OR 0·68, 95 per cent c.i. 0·26 to 1·79; P = 0·43). The morbidity rate was 65·6 per cent in the drain group and 62·0 per cent in the no-drain group (OR 1·17, 0·86 to 1·60; P = 0·31). Clinically relevant pancreatic fistulas were seen in 11·5 per cent of patients in the drain group and 9·5 per cent in the no-drain group. Reinterventions, intra-abdominal abscesses and duration of hospital stay also showed no significant difference between the two groups.

Conclusion
Pancreatic resection with, or without abdominal drainage results in similar rates of mortality, morbidity and reintervention.
Toward A Place‐Based Understanding of Business Sustainability: The Role of Green Competitors and Green Locales in Firms' Voluntary Environmental Engagement
Authors: DeBoer Jennifer , Panwar Rajat , Rivera Jorge 
Published: March 2017

AbstractManagement research has extensively considered who, what, when, why, which and how aspects pertaining to firms' voluntary environmental practices, yet the where aspect, which would consider the role of a firm's location on its environmental practices, has received remarkably less attention. We explore three research questions relating social and physical attributes of a firm's location with its engagement in a voluntary environmental program (VEP). Drawing on a sample of hotels participating in a Costa Rican VEP, we find that the number of VEP certified competitors (i.e. green competitors) and firm proximity to a sacrosanct environment (i.e. a green locale) are positively related to a firm's level of VEP engagement. We also find an interaction effect such that the relationship between the number of VEP certified competitors and the level of VEP engagement is positively moderated by firm proximity to a green locale. We argue that firms' voluntary environmental engagement can be enhanced by developing green clusters amid green corridors. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Long‐term clinical outcomes of successful revascularization with drug‐eluting stents for chronic total occlusions: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Gao Lei , Wang Yabin , Liu Yuqi , Cao Feng , Chen Yundai 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesTo determine whether successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using drug‐eluting stents (DESs) have beneficial effects on long‐term outcomes in patients with chronic total occlusions (CTOs) compared with failed PCIs for CTOs.BackgroundSeveral observational studies have evaluated the long‐term clinical outcomes of successful PCIs using DESs for CTOs. However, the results of these studies were inconsistent and inconclusive. Methods: We searched five online electronic databases to identify all the publications assessing the long‐term outcomes of successful and failed PCIs using DESs for CTOs. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by STATA software.ResultsA total of nine studies involving 5958 CTO patients who underwent successful PCI and 1511 CTO patients who underwent failed PCI were included in this meta‐analysis. The results of the analysis indicated that successful CTO PCIs using DESs were associated with lower long‐term all‐cause mortality(OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.45–0.67, P < 0.001), lower risk of myocardial infarction (OR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.23–0.74, P = 0.002), lower risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs, OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.27–0.72, P = 0.001), and less incidence of subsequent coronary artery bypass grafting (OR = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.05–0.21, P < 0.001) than failed CTO PCIs. However, there was no difference in the incidence of target vessel revascularization (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.17–6.60, P > 0.05) between the two groups.ConclusionSuccessful CTO PCI using DESs can reduce long‐term all‐cause mortality and the risks of MI, MACEs, and CABG in patients with CTOs. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Catalytic Effect of Potassium Compounds in Soot Oxidation
Authors: Rinkenburger Alexander , Toriyama Takaaki , Yasuda Kazuhiro , Niessner Reinhard 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe combustion temperatures of soot in particulate filters can be decreased to exhaust gas temperatures by using catalysts. In addition to oxidic catalysts, alkali metal salts are very effective catalysts. Although soot is one of the world's most unwanted byproducts, combustion is still not fully understood. In this study, different soot mixed internally with salt samples were produced. All salts lead to a marked, salt‐ and salt‐content‐dependent decrease of the temperature‐programmed oxidation temperatures of maximum CO + CO2 emissions (Tmax), with K2CO3 being one of the most effective catalysts that leads to a decrease of the Tmax of up to 300 °C. Structural parameters of the internally mixed soot derived by using Raman microspectroscopy, SEM, and scanning mobility particle size analysis did not change significantly; BET areas showed slight trends to lower areas with increased salt content, but no substantial correlations were observed. In contrast, a correlation of the oxidation reactivity to the number distribution of the measured actual fringe lengths by using high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy and the peak areas measured by using EPR spectroscopy was found. Salts lead to a narrowing of the actual fringe length number distributions to lower sizes and to reduced EPR peak areas. This demonstrates that the salts influence the nanostructure of the graphene planes by shortening the planes and further substantiates that soot oxidation is at least partly based on electron transfer and not only oxygen transfer. EPR spectroscopy measurements indicate that the oxidation mechanism is based on a temperature‐dependent chemical equilibrium, which depends on the K+/anion binding strength.
How Does CeIII Nitrate Dissolve in a Protic Ionic Liquid? A Combined Molecular Dynamics and EXAFS Study
Authors: Serva Alessandra , Migliorati Valentina , Spezia Riccardo , D'Angelo Paola 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA diluted solution of Ce(NO3)3 in the protic ionic liquid (IL) ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) was investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. For the first time polarizable effects were included in the MD force field to describe a heavy metal ion in a protic IL, but, unlike water, they were found to be unessential. The CeIII ion first solvation shell is formed by nitrate ions arranged in an icosahedral structure, and an equilibrium between monodentate and bidentate ligands is present in the solution. By combining distance and angular distribution functions it was possible to unambiguously identify this peculiar coordination geometry around the ions dissolved in solution. The metal ions are solvated within the polar domains of the EAN nanostructure and the dissolved salt induces almost no reorganization of the pre‐existing structure of EAN upon solubilization.
Self‐Assembled Multivalent (SAMul) Polyanion Binding—Impact of Hydrophobic Modifications in the Micellar Core on DNA and Heparin Binding at the Peripheral Cationic Ligands
Authors: Albanyan Buthaina , Laurini Erik , Posocco Paola , Pricl Sabrina , Smith David K. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper reports a small family of cationic surfactants designed to bind polyanions such as DNA and heparin. Each molecule has the same hydrophilic cationic ligand and a hydrophobic aliphatic group with eighteen carbon atoms with one, two, or three alkene groups within the hydrophobic chain (C18‐1, C18‐2 and C18‐3). Dynamic light scattering indicates that more alkenes lead to geometric distortion, giving rise to larger self‐assembled multivalent (SAMul) nanostructures. Mallard Blue and Ethidium Bromide dye displacement assays demonstrate that heparin and DNA have markedly different binding preferences, with heparin binding most effectively to C18‐1, and DNA to C18‐3, even though the molecular structural differences of these SAMul systems are buried in the hydrophobic core. Multiscale modelling suggests that adaptive heparin maximises enthalpically favourable interactions with C18‐1, while shape‐persistent DNA forms a similar number of interactions with each ligand display, but with slightly less entropic cost for binding to C18‐3—fundamental thermodynamic differences in SAMul binding of heparin or DNA. This study therefore provides unique insight into electrostatic molecular recognition between highly charged nanoscale surfaces in biologically relevant systems.
Cyclic Bis‐porphyrin‐Based Flexible Molecular Containers: Controlling Guest Arrangements and Supramolecular Catalysis by Tuning Cavity Size
Authors: Mondal Pritam , Sarkar Sabyasachi , Rath Sankar Prasad 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThree cyclic zinc(II) bis‐porphyrins (CB) with highly flexible linkers are employed as artificial molecular containers that efficiently encapsulate/coordinate various aromatic aldehydes within their cavities. Interestingly, the arrangements of guests and their reactivity inside the molecular clefts are significantly influenced by the cavity size of the cyclic containers. In the presence of polycyclic aromatic aldehydes, such as 3‐formylperylene, as a guest, the cyclic bis‐porphyrin host with a smaller cavity (CB1) forms a 1:1 sandwich complex. Upon slightly increasing the spacer length and thereby the cavity size, the cyclic host (CB2) encapsulates two molecules of 3‐formylperylene that are also stacked together due to strong π–π interactions between them and CH–π interactions with the porphyrin rings. However, in the cyclic host (CB3) with an even larger cavity, two metal centers of the bis‐porphyrin axially coordinate two molecules of 3‐formylperylene within its cavity. Different arrangements of guest inside the cyclic bis‐porphyrin hosts are investigated by using UV/Vis, ESI‐MS, and 1H NMR spectroscopy, along with X‐ray structure determination of the host–guest complexes. Moreover, strong binding of guests within the cyclic bis‐porphyrin hosts support the robust nature of the host–guest assemblies in solution. Such preferential binding of the bis‐porphyrinic cavity towards aromatic aldehydes through encapsulation/coordination has been employed successfully to catalyze the Knoevenagel condensation of a series of polycyclic aldehydes with active methylene compounds (such as Meldrum's acid and 1, 3‐dimethylbarbituric acid) under ambient conditions. Interestingly, the yields of the condensed products significantly increase upon increasing spacer lengths of the cyclic bis‐porphyrins because more substrates can then be encapsulated within the cavity. Such controllable cavity size of the cyclic containers has profound implications for constructing highly functional and modular enzyme mimics.