bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat‐Shock Protein gp96 Enhances T Cell Responses and Protective Potential to Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin Vaccine
Authors: Ding Y. , Zheng H. , Feng C. , Wang B. , Liu C. , Mi K. , Cao H. , Meng S. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe commonly used Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) vaccine only induces moderate T cell responses and is less effective in protecting against pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in adults and ageing populations. Thus, developing new TB vaccine candidates is an important strategy against the spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Here, we demonstrated that immunization with heat‐shock protein gp96 as an adjuvant led to a significantly increased CD4+ and CD8+ T cell response to a BCG vaccine. Secretion of the Th1‐type cytokines was increased by splenocytes from gp96‐immunized mice. In addition, adding gp96 as an adjuvant effectively improved the protection against intravenous challenge with Mycobacterium bovis BCG in mice. Our study reveals the novel property of gp96 in boosting the vaccine‐specific T cell response and its potential use as an adjuvant for BCG vaccines against mycobacterial infection.
Relative Age, Class Assignment, and Academic Performance: Evidence from Brazilian Primary Schools
Authors: Foureaux Koppensteiner Martin 
Published: July 2016

AbstractStudents in Brazil are typically assigned to classes based on the age ranking in their cohort. I exploit this rule to estimate how fifth‐grade students’ achievement in mathematics is affected when they are in classes with older peers. I find that being assigned to the older class leads to a drop in maths scores of about 0.4 of a standard deviation for students at the cut‐off. I provide evidence that heterogeneity in age is an important factor behind this effect. Information on teaching practices and student behaviour sheds light on how class heterogeneity harms learning.
Evangelical Protestantism and Bias Against Female Political Leaders*
Authors: Setzler Mark , Yanus Alixandra B. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveGender and politics scholars have paid little attention to religion as a source of individual‐level biases against female politicians. We begin to address this gap by modeling the relationship among evangelical Protestantism, partisanship, and the beliefs that males are better issue advocates and political leaders than women.MethodsWe employ logistic regression models with data from a 2008 survey administered by the Pew Social and Demographic Trends Project.ResultsWe find that evangelical Protestantism, but not religious attendance more generally, is a strong predictor of whether Americans will hold biases against female political leaders. The effect of evangelical Protestantism is especially pronounced within the Republican Party.ConclusionsThese findings suggest a potential cause of the underrepresentation of women in the political world. They further underscore the need to control for religious denomination in future studies of gender stereotyping.
Testing the Importance of Individuals’ Motives for Explaining Environmentally Significant Behavior*
Authors: Jagers Sverker C. , Linde Stefan , Martinsson Johan , Matti Simon 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveThis article explores how different motives affect behavior, and attempts to explain how the causal chain of values and beliefs forms our understanding of and motives for private‐sphere environmentally significant behaviors (ESBs). As a point of departure, we postulate that traditional models focusing primarily on individual‐level motivation as a driver for ESB should benefit significantly from making a distinction in the dependent variable between: (1) behaviors that are explicitly pro‐environmental, judging both by their outcomes and the individual's stated motives for undertaking them; (2) behaviors that have a positive environmental impact but that are connected to motives other than environmental ones; as well as (3) behaviors where both environmental and other motives coincide as drivers for ESB.MethodsIn order to answer our research questions, we use survey data collected from a random sample from the Swedish population register. The main dependent variable is the self‐reported frequency of 12 different kinds of nonactivist, private‐sphere behaviors. We employ ordinary least square regressions to analyze the explanatory strength of individual‐level motivational factors for ESB when taking stated motives for behavior into account.Results and ConclusionThe results support our main assumption that to explain drivers for ESB, stated motives should be taken into account. For all of the 12 ESBs in the survey, a considerable share of the respondents do not perceive or motivate behavior as pro‐environmentalism at all, and others provide multiple motives for their behavior, combining, for example, economic or health with environmentalism. Furthermore, when analyzing the relationship between a scientifically well‐established model aspiring to explain pro‐environmental behavior, and individuals’ behavioral perceptions and their stated behavior, we find that the explanatory power of this model is clearly sensitive to people's stated motives.
Direct 40Ar/39Ar dating of Late Ordovician and Silurian brittle faulting in the southwestern Norwegian Caledonides
Authors: Scheiber Thomas , Viola Giulio , Wilkinson Camilla Maya , Ganerød Morgan , Skår Øyvind , Gasser Deta 
Published: July 2016

AbstractStructural data as well as U–Pb zircon and 40Ar/39Ar biotite and muscovite ages were collected from the Rolvsnes granodiorite in western Norway. The granodiorite intruded at c. 466 Ma, cooled quickly and escaped later viscous deformation. Brittle top‐to‐the‐NNW thrust faults (Set I) and WNW–ESE striking dextral strike‐slip faults (Set II) formed in a NNW–SSE transpressional regime. 40Ar/39Ar dating of synkinematic mica from both sets reveals a c. 450 Ma (Late Ordovician) age of faulting, which constrains early‐Caledonian brittle deformation. Set I and II faults are overprinted by a set of lower‐grade, variably oriented chlorite‐ and epidote‐coated faults (Set III) constraining WNW–ESE shortening. A lamprophyric dyke oriented compatibly with this stress field intruded at c. 435 Ma (Silurian), indicating that Set III formed at the onset of the Scandian Baltica–Laurentia collision. The preservation of Caledonian brittle structures indicates that the Rolvsnes granodiorite occupied a high tectonic level throughout the Caledonian orogeny.
Cell cycle‐regulated PLEIADE/AtMAP65‐3 links membrane and microtubule dynamics during plant cytokinesis
Authors: Steiner Alexander , Rybak Katarzyna , Altmann Melina , McFarlane Heather E. , Klaeger Susan , Nguyen Ngoc , Facher Eva , Ivakov Alexander , Wanner Gerhard , Kuster Bernhard , Persson Staffan , Braun Pascal , Hauser Marie‐Theres , Assaad Farhah F. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryCytokinesis, the partitioning of the cytoplasm following nuclear division, requires extensive coordination between cell cycle cues, membrane trafficking and microtubule dynamics. Plant cytokinesis occurs within a transient membrane compartment known as the cell plate, to which vesicles are delivered by a plant‐specific microtubule array, the phragmoplast. While membrane proteins required for cytokinesis are known, how these are coordinated with microtubule dynamics and regulated by cell cycle cues remains unclear. Here, we document physical and genetic interactions between Transport Protein Particle II (TRAPPII) tethering factors and microtubule‐associated proteins of the PLEIADE/AtMAP65 family. These interactions do not specifically affect the recruitment of either TRAPPII or MAP65 proteins to the cell plate or midzone. Rather, and based on single versus double mutant phenotypes, it appears that they are required to coordinate cytokinesis with the nuclear division cycle. As MAP65 family members are known to be targets of cell cycle‐regulated kinases, our results provide a conceptual framework for how membrane and microtubule dynamics may be coordinated with each other and with the nuclear cycle during plant cytokinesis.
Potential mediators linking gut bacteria to metabolic health: a critical view
Authors: Janssen Aafke W. F. , Kersten Sander 
Published: July 2016

AbstractGrowing evidence suggests that the bacteria present in our gut may play a role in mediating the effect of genetics and lifestyle on obesity and metabolic diseases. Most of the current literature on gut bacteria consists of cross‐sectional and correlative studies, rendering it difficult to make any causal inferences as to the influence of gut bacteria on obesity and related metabolic disorders. Interventions with germ‐free animals, treatment with antibiotic agents, and microbial transfer experiments have provided some evidence that disturbances in gut bacteria may causally contribute to obesity‐related insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation. Several potential mediators have been hypothesized to link the activity and composition of gut bacteria to insulin resistance and adipose tissue function, including lipopolysaccharide, angiopoietin‐like protein 4, bile acids and short‐chain fatty acids. In this review we critically evaluate the current evidence related to the direct role of gut bacteria in obesity‐related metabolic perturbations, with a focus on insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation. It is concluded that the knowledge base in support of a role for the gut microbiota in metabolic regulation and in particular insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation needs to be strengthened.
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Assessing the global threat from Zika virus
Authors: Lessler Justin , Chaisson Lelia H. , Kucirka Lauren M. , Bi Qifang , Grantz Kyra , Salje Henrik , Carcelen Andrea C. , Ott Cassandra T. , Sheffield Jeanne S. , Ferguson Neil M. , Cummings Derek A. T. , Metcalf C. Jessica E. , Rodriguez-Barraquer Isabel 
Published: July 2016

Global spread of Zika virus
Zika virus was identified in Uganda in 1947; since then, it has enveloped the tropics, causing disease of varying severity. Lessler et al. review the historical literature to remind us that Zika's neurotropism was observed in mice even before clinical case reports in Nigeria in 1953. What determines the clinical manifestations; how local conditions, vectors, genetics, and wild hosts affect transmission and geographical spread; what the best control strategy is; and how to develop effective drugs, vaccines, and diagnostics are all critical questions that are begging for data.

Science
, this issue p.
663
Draft Genome Sequence of
Salmonella enterica
subsp.
enterica
Serovar Widemarsh Strain CRJJGF_00058 (Phylum
Gammaproteobacteria
)
Authors: Gupta Sushim K. , McMillan Elizabeth A. , Jackson Charlene R. , Desai Prerak T. , Porwollik Steffen , McClelland Michael , Hiott Lari M. , Humayoun Shaheen B. , Frye Jonathan G. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT

Here, we report a 4.73 Mbp draft genome sequence of
Salmonella enterica
subsp.
enterica
serovar Widemarsh strain CRJJGF_00058, isolated from eggs in 2008.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Hyperthermophilic and Piezophilic Archeon
Thermococcus piezophilus
CDGS
T
, Able To Grow under Extreme Hydrostatic Pressures
Authors: Dalmasso Cécile , Oger Philippe , Courtine Damien , Georges Myriam , Takai Ken , Maignien Lois , Alain Karine 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT

We report the genome sequence of
Thermococcus superprofundus
strain CDGS
T
, a new piezophilic and hyperthermophilic member of the order
Thermococcales
isolated from the world's deepest hydrothermal vents, at the Mid-Cayman Rise. The genome is consistent with a heterotrophic, anaerobic, and piezophilic lifestyle.
Retrospective review of percutaneous synovial cyst ruptures: increased thickness of the T2 hypointense rim on post-rupture MRI may be associated with need for subsequent surgery
Authors: Kwan Benjamin Y M , Salehi Fateme , Jia Sang , McGregor Stuart , Duggal Neil , Pelz David , Sharma Manas 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveTo analyze MRI characteristics of lumbar facet synovial cysts and distinguish those requiring subsequent surgical management for recurrence, after percutaneous synovial cyst rupture.Methods and materialsRetrospective chart review conducted in patients undergoing percutaneous synovial cyst rupture between February 2012 and April 2015. Pre- and post-percutaneous rupture procedure MRI spine studies were serially reviewed. Synovial cyst sizes, T1 and T2 signal characteristics and changes therein, T2 hypointense (or ‘dark rim’) thickness and change, and changes in the complexity of cyst signals were compared. Operative notes for patients who underwent subsequent surgical removal of recurrent synovial cysts were reviewed.Results24 patients received 41 percutaneous synovial cyst rupture procedures, with a technical success rate of 82.9%. There was a significant difference in the mean increased thickness of the T2 hypointense rim on the first post-rupture MRI scan (p=0.0411) between patients requiring subsequent surgery and those who did not. There was a significant difference in the average sizes of synovial cysts before the procedure (p=0.0483) in those requiring subsequent surgery and those who did not. Five complications were noted (12.2%), mostly involving leg pain or weakness. Of the nine patients who underwent subsequent surgery post-synovial cyst rupture, six of the surgeries had recorded difficulty pertaining to scarring and/or adherence of the cyst to dura.ConclusionsA larger increase in thickness of the T2 hypointense rim on the first post-rupture MRI scan and a larger synovial cyst size were associated with the need for subsequent surgical resection.
Body Mass Index and Survival in a Prospective Randomized Trial of Localized High-Risk Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Donin Nicholas M. , Pantuck Allan , Klöpfer Pia , Bevan Paul , Fall Barbara , Said Jonathan , Belldegrun Arie S. , Chamie Karim 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackground: The relationship between adiposity and renal cell carcinoma is poorly understood. Prior studies have suggested body mass index (BMI) may be associated with indolent disease.Methods: We reviewed the clinicopathologic records of 845 patients across 14 countries who were enrolled in a prospective, placebo-controlled study of adjuvant girentuximab treatment for high-risk renal cell carcinoma. Clinical features analyzed included age, gender, race, BMI, and performance status. BMI was stratified into &lt;25 kg/m2, 25.0–29.9 kg/m2, 30.0–34.9 kg/m2, and ≥35 kg/m2. We examined the association of BMI with stage and survival using logistic and Cox regression analyses, respectively.Results: 845 patients were included for analysis. The majority (72%) were overweight/obese. There was an inverse relationship between BMI and lymph node involvement (P = 0.04). Obesity was associated with improved disease-free and overall survival (log rank &lt;0.01 for both). When compared with normal weight subjects, those with a BMI 30–34.9 [HR 0.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.31–0.81] and BMI ≥35 (HR 0.24; 95% CI 0.09–0.60) had significantly improved overall survival. A trend towards improved disease-free survival was found among subjects with BMI 30–34.9 (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.56–1.05) and ≥35 (HR 0.74; 95% CI, 0.48–1.15).Conclusions: In a prospective cohort of nephrectomized patients with high-risk disease, obesity is associated with lower risk of lymphatic spread and improved overall survival.Impact: This is the first study utilizing data from a prospective randomized trial reporting an association between obesity and improved overall survival for patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(9); 1326–32. ©2016 AACR.
Comparison between Urine and Cervical Samples for HPV DNA Detection and Typing in Young Women in Colombia
Authors: Cómbita Alba Lucía , Gheit Tarik , González Paula , Puerto Devi , Murillo Raúl Hernando , Montoya Luisa , Vorsters Alex , Van Keer Severien , Van Damme Pierre , Tommasino Massimo , Hernández-Suárez Gustavo , Sánchez Laura , Herrero Rolando , Wiesner Carolina 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Urine sampling for HPV DNA detection has been proposed as an effective method for monitoring the impact of HPV vaccination programs; however, conflicting results have been reported. The goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of optimized urine HPV DNA testing in women aged 19 to 25 years. Optimization process included the use of first void urine, immediate mixing of urine with DNA preservative, and the concentration of all HPV DNA, including cell-free DNA fragments. Urine and cervical samples were collected from 535 young women attending cervical screening at health centers from two Colombian cities. HPV DNA detection and genotyping was performed using an HPV type-specific multiplex genotyping assay, which combines multiplex polymerase chain reaction with bead-based Luminex technology. Concordance between HPV DNA detection in urine and cervical samples was determined using kappa statistics and McNemar tests. The accuracy of HPV DNA testing in urine samples was evaluated measuring sensitivity and specificity using as reference the results obtained from cervical samples. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA11.2 software. The findings revealed an overall HPV prevalence of 60.00% in cervical samples and 64.72% in urine samples, HPV-16 being the most frequent HPV type detected in both specimens. Moreover, our results indicate that detection of HPV DNA in first void urine provides similar results to those obtained with cervical samples and can be used to monitor HPV vaccination trials and programs as evidenced by the substantial concordance found for the detection of the four vaccine types. Cancer Prev Res; 9(9); 766–71. ©2016 AACR.
“Se Ben Ricordo”: Memoria e Intertesto Nella Commedia di Dante
Authors: Regina Silvia La 
Published: July 2016

Este trabalho procura examinar rapidamente o conceito clássico e medieval de memória e sua presença na obra de Dante, na base das riquíssimas relações intertextuais entre a Commedia e a cultura da época. Após um breve panorama da noção de intertexto, são considerados dois exemplos nos quais a própria Commedia se torna intertexto.
Assaporare la Tradizione: Cibo, Identità e Senso di Appartenenza nella Letteratura Migrante
Authors: Horn Vera 
Published: July 2016

Come sostiene Vito Teti, il cibo per l’immigrato è una formadi difesa di un’identità culturale e riflette il bisogno di riconoscersi e diaggregarsi. Il bisogno di trovare senso e posto in un nuovo luogo vengonosegnati da un attaccamento ai cibi perduti, con un senso di sacralità che accompagnail pasto. A partire dalla premessa di Teti, verranno presi in considerazionei romanzi Volevo diventare bianca di Nassera Chohra (1993)e Scontro di civiltà per un ascensore a Piazza Vittorio di Amara Lakhous(2006) e i racconti Curry di pollo di Laila Wadia; Salsicce di Igiaba Scego e Il cuoco di Arbëria di Carmine Abate. Tali testi impongono uno sguardo determinante sul cibo come un indice culturale che può rappresentare ocostruire l’identità o determinare l’appartenenza ad una certa comunità, così come rifiutare decisamente qualsiasi contaminazione con la cultura della società ospitante o tentativo di assimilazione o, diversamente, offrire un punto di vista fondato sull’ibridismo; inoltre può favorire la formazione di stereotipi. In questo modo vengono definite prospettive diverse di costruzione dell’identità, sintetizzate da Stuart Hall nel binomio traduzione/tradizione.
Editorial
Authors: Zucchi Angela , Santoro Elisabetta , Mordente Olga 
Published: July 2016

Após o número duplo XIX-XX da Revista de Italianística, dedicado à literatura italiana, apresentamos agora o número XXI-XXII que, respeitando a tradicional alternância da revista, aborda temas ligados à língua italiana.Para essa edição que, como a anterior, sai apenas em formato digital, selecionamos artigos da esfera dos estudos linguísticos e do ensino/aprendizagem de línguas não maternas, que focam o italiano e suas relações com o Brasil. Contribuíram à realização desse número pesquisadores brasileiros e italianos que estabelecem um diálogo de perspectivas teóricas sobre a linguagem e o ensino e nos oferecem estímulos para a reflexão nessas áreas de estudo e atuação.
L’intercomprensione dall’italiano o verso l’italiano: un percorso fra le lingue romanze
Authors: Fiorenza Elisa , Bonvino Elisabetta 
Published: July 2016

Nosso artigo comenta algumas etapas e características de umpercurso de intercompreensão entre cinco línguas românicas, utilizando a metodologia EuRom. Em particular, consideramos que, por meio do desenvolvimento da habilidade de leitura em português, espanhol, catalão, italiano e francês, também os aprendizes de italiano como língua dois e os falantes nativos de italiano no mundo inteiro dispõem de uma preciosa palavra-chave para explorar as línguas alvo. Além disso, os estudantes que fizeram a experiência demonstraram sua capacidade de reflexão sobre a sua língua materna, desenvolvendo, simultaneamente, suas estratégias cognitivas e metacognitivas. O trabalho dedica uma atenção especial aos instrumentos didáticos de EuRom5 e leva em conta, também, os dados empíricos levantados ao longo de mais de 15 anos de experimentação da metodologia EuRom em diversos países europeus e extraeuropeus
Sulla cortesia linguistica: un’analisi sociopragmatica di un’intervista tra Fabio Fazio e Antonio Di Pietro
Authors: Natale Edoardo 
Published: July 2016

O presente artigo esboça uma análise do ato linguístico da discordância, segundo uma perspectiva sociopragmática, com o objetivo de estabelecer as diferenças conversacionais e culturais. Privilegiou-se a discordância como traço saliente porque ela permite analisar a qualidade da cortesia linguística presente numa interação ocorrida no programa televisivo “Che tempo che fa”, entre Fabio F
Editorial
Authors: Klein Adriana Iozzi , Cavallari Doris Nátia , Barni Roberta 
Published: July 2016

Apresentamos, com grande satisfação, o número XXIII daRevista de Italianística. Esse número traz contribuições sobre a literatura e sobre aspectos da cultura italiana pouco explorados nos estudos acadêmicos de Letras. Para realizá-lo, contamos com a preciosa contribuição de pesquisadores brasileiros e estrangeiros que se dedicam ao estudo de diversos períodos dacriação literária e de questões que envolvem sua tradução, de diversos aspectos da cultura e da arte, vasto universo de leituras possíveis.
Intelectuais contra o poder: A atualidade do engajamento político-cultural de Ignazio Silone e Nicola Chiaromonte na direção de Tempo Presente
Authors: Cavallari Doris Nátia 
Published: July 2016

Apresento algumas informações sobre a revista TempoPresente: informazione e discussione, dirigida por Ignazio Silone e Nicola Chiaromonte, no período de 1956 a 1968. O estudo da revista foi objeto de minha pesquisa de pós-doutorado e se deteve no levantamento e análise dos textos, em particular aqueles produzidos por Silone e Chiaromonte,para verificar em que modo os artigos garantiram o sucesso da revista entre seus leitores, um grupo especial de intelectuais, pelo período de doze anos.Ao final, acrescento a tradução de um dos textos de Nicola Chiaromonte, crítico desconhecido no Brasil, no qual se pode sentir a sensibilidade e profundidade com que ele analisava as questões da literatura e do seu tempo presente.
Intersecções entre Teoria Literária, Crítica e Tradução no Pensamento de Ugo Foscolo
Authors: Simoni Karine 
Published: July 2016

Ugo Foscolo (1778-1827), um dos principais autores da literatura italiana do Oitocentos, é conhecido principalmente pelas composições poéticas, pelo romance epistolar Le ultime lettere di Jacopo Ortis e pela existência desregrada e patriótica, embora tenha desenvolvido uma intensa atividade de ensaísta, crítico literário e tradutor. O artigo comenta algumas das ideias de Foscolo sobre a teoria literária, a crítica literária e a tradução, presentes nos seus ensaios críticos, e discute como a intersecção entre esses campos do conhecimento não só ofereceu importantes contribuições para a crítica e a teoria literária e a teoria da tradução no período, como também se constitui em um importante subsídio para melhor compreender a escrita poética do autor.