bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deflection of light by a compact object with electric charge and magnetic dipole in Einstein–Born–Infeld gravity
Authors: Kim Jin Young 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe consider the bending of light around a compact astrophysical object with both the electric field and the magnetic field in Einstein–Born–Infeld theory. From the null geodesic of a light ray passing a massive object with electric charge and magnetic dipole, the effective metric was obtained from the light cone condition reflecting the nonlinear electromagnetic effects. We found the asymptotic form of the effective metric up to the first order in gravitational constant G and Born–Infeld parameter $$1/\beta ^2$$

1
/

β
2

on the equatorial plane. Then we compute the bending angle of light from the geodesic equation. The result includes particular cases where only one type of field is present taking the appropriate limits.
Thermal cross section of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogels for neutron dose calculation
Authors: Simoni Margherita , Andreani Carla , Fazi Laura , Fratini Emiliano , Guaragnone Teresa , Krzystyniak Matthew , Prioriello Anna , Senesi Roberto , Romanelli Giovanni 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPhantom materials are used to design radiation safety and protection strategies by means of numerical dose calculation. In the case of thermal neutrons, the radiation transport in the phantom relies on mass attenuation coefficients and total cross sections which are dependent on the physical and chemical properties of the material. Specifically for medical applications, such as neutron capture therapy, the neutron-induced dose is mainly related to the neutron absorption by hydrogen and nitrogen in the human tissue and body. Here, we investigate the use of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) as a phantom material by experimental measurement and modeling of its total neutron scattering cross section and mass attenuation coefficient. We show that by varying the hydration level from 10 to 40 w%, one can obtain a neutron attenuation coefficient similar to polymethyl methacrylate or more representative of the human body, respectively. By benchmarking our phenomenological model on the experimental data, we provide a new example of how to use the average functional group approximation to accurately model total neutron cross sections in the framework of personalized medicine approaches.
On bifurcation analysis and numerical investigation of alcohol consumption dynamics
Authors: Ramzan Sehrish , Zanib Syeda Alishwa , Shah Muzamil Abbas , Abbas Nadeem , Shatanawi Wasfi 
Published: October 2024

This research article investigates the dynamics of alcohol consumption and the impact of addiction treatment using the continuous mathematical model [Formula: see text]. The study is significant as it incorporates the Atangana–Baleanu Caputo fractional derivatives, offering a novel approach to establishing the existence and uniqueness of solutions within this context. Our model formulation captures various stages of alcohol consumption and treatment, providing a comprehensive framework for analysis. We employ the next-generation matrix approach to explore the disease-free and endemic equilibria to calculate the basic reproduction number, [Formula: see text]. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to identify the parameters that most significantly influence [Formula: see text], which helps in understanding the dynamics of alcohol use and the effectiveness of intervention strategies. The local and global stability of both the alcohol-free and alcohol-present equilibria are rigorously examined to provide insights into potential long-term outcomes of alcohol consumption in the presence of treatment facilities. Furthermore, we utilize Lagrange interpolation polynomial in a numerical framework implemented in Python to perform detailed simulations and validate our theoretical results. This numerical analysis helps visualize the model's predictions and understand the temporal evolution of alcohol consumption within the population.
Simulation of Watershed Streamflow with Quantification of the Process Behind Anthropogenic Water Consumption
Authors: Chen Moyu , Li Yancang , Lei Xiaohui 
Published: October 2024

It is of great importance to evaluate and identify human water withdrawal and water use activities’ impact, which could help carry out better regional water resources management regulation. Human water withdrawal and water use data sets significantly improve the simulation performance of hydrological models by quantifying their effect on runoff. To demonstrate this, the point source data set is used to make grid data with a resolution of 1[Formula: see text]km and using the Wetspa-WR model (The Wetspa extension model including human water withdrawal module and reservoir storage module) with the expanded water extraction and use module and the water conservation project regulation and storage module. We applied the model in the upper reaches of the Yongding River in the Zhangjiakou area (ZJKYDR). The flexibility of the new model improves the characterization of uncertainty in simulated catchment streamflow and can be used for impact decomposition. The results showed the following: (1) The simulation efficiency of Wetspa-WR is higher, e.g., the relative error (RB) for the rating period decreased from 65.3% to [Formula: see text] and the RB for the validation period decreased from 58.6% to [Formula: see text]. (2) During 2017–2020, the effects of climate change, interval water extraction and use, reservoir regulation, and water storage on flow were [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text], respectively. (3) When excluding the differences in water extraction and reservoir storage across the subwatershed, the watershed outlet flow increased by 8%.
Chaotic Video Encryption Based on DNA Coding, Confusion, and Diffusion
Authors: Zhi Li-Xun , Du Yuan , Zhao Xi-Jue , Chen Tao , Cao Ke-Yin , Jiang Dong 
Published: October 2024

Drawing inspiration from the paradigm of engineering projects, this paper presents a novel real-time chaotic video encryption scheme based on multithreaded parallel computing and multiround confusion–diffusion architecture. It utilizes a contractor thread to retrieve and assign frames to worker threads, which operate concurrently to perform DNA coding, confusion, and diffusion operations on their designated frames for encryption, with the resulting frames processed by a dealer thread. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, it is implemented on a workstation equipped with an Intel Xeon Gold 6226[Formula: see text]2.9[Formula: see text]GHz CPU and 64[Formula: see text]GB of memory. The statistical and security analyses demonstrate that the proposed strategy exhibits exceptional statistical properties and provides robust resistance against various attacks. The encryption speed evaluations show that the deployed cryptosystem achieves delay-free [Formula: see text] 24[Formula: see text]FPS video encryption, with an average encryption time of 34.69[Formula: see text]ms, despite the execution of four rounds of DNA coding, five rounds of confusion, and three rounds of diffusion operations on each frame. In comparison to existing real-time chaotic video encryption schemes based on parallel computing, our method attains superior versatility and heightened security by processing each frame with an independent worker thread and incorporating DNA coding technology.
A polynomial-time exact algorithm for the connected k-facility location problem on trees
Authors: Ding Wei , Chen Guangting , Zhou Yu , Qiu Ke 
Published: October 2024

This paper studies the Connected [Formula: see text]-Facility Location Problem (Con[Formula: see text]FLP) on trees. Let [Formula: see text] be an undirected tree, where [Formula: see text] is the [Formula: see text]-vertices set and [Formula: see text] is the [Formula: see text]-edges set. A facility set [Formula: see text] and a client set [Formula: see text] are given. Each client [Formula: see text] has one weight [Formula: see text] denoting the demand amount of [Formula: see text], and each facility [Formula: see text] has a weight [Formula: see text] denoting the opening cost at [Formula: see text], and each edge [Formula: see text], for [Formula: see text], is associated with a weight [Formula: see text] denoting the connection cost of it. When some facilities [Formula: see text] are opened, the overall cost involved in Con[Formula: see text]FLP includes three parts: the cost of opening facilities [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] times the cost of Steiner tree interconnecting all the opened facilities where [Formula: see text] is a fixed parameter, and the total connection cost of assigning each client to the closest facility in [Formula: see text]. The goal of Con[Formula: see text]FLP is to open at most [Formula: see text] facilities to minimize the overall cost, for a given input parameter [Formula: see text]. This paper focuses on the case of Con[Formula: see text]FLP on trees where [Formula: see text], and as a result presents a polynomial-time exact dynamic programming algorithm and a computational experiment to illustrate it. Furthermore, a simple way is shown to adapt the algorithm to the general case of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Finally, we apply the algorithm to a Con[Formula: see text]FLP instance in a regional tree-like water transportation network.
Evaluation of Random and Aligned Polycaprolactone Nanofibrous Electrospun Scaffold for Human Periodontal Ligament Engineering in Biohybrid Titanium Implants
Authors: Safi Ihab N. , Hussein Basima Mohammed Ali , Al-Khafaji Aseel Mohammed , Fatalla Abdalbseet A. , Al-Shammari Ahmed M. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Stem cells are introduced to regenerate some living tissue to restore function and longevity. The study aims to isolate in vitro human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and investigate their proliferation rate on plasma‐treated aligned and random polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous scaffolds made via an electrospinning technique to attempt periodontal‐like tissue in dental implants.Materials and Methods: hPDLSCs were isolated from extracted human premolars and cultured on plasma‐treated or untreated PCL‐aligned and random scaffolds to enhance adhesion of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells as well as interaction and proliferation. Cell morphology, adhesion, and proliferation rate were evaluated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and the methyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The wettability of PCL scaffolds was tested using a goniometer.Results: The hydrophilicity of plasma‐treated scaffolds was significantly increased (p ≤ 0.05) in both aligned and random nanofibers compared to the nontreated nanofibrous scaffold. Cells arranged in different directions on the random nanofiber scaffold, while for aligned scaffold nanofibers, the cells were arranged in a pattern that followed the direction of the aligned electrospun nanofibres. The rate of hPDLSC proliferation on an aligned PCL nanofiber scaffold was significantly higher than on a random PCL nanofibrous scaffold with a continuous, well‐arranged monolayer of cells, as shown in FESEM.Conclusion: The aligned PCL nanofiber scaffold is superior to random PCL when used as an artificial scaffold for hPDLSC regeneration in PDL tissue engineering applications.
Increased Red Cell Superoxide Dismutase Activity Is Associated with Cancer Risk: A Hidaka Cohort Study
Authors: Tanaka Shin-ichiro , Fujioka Yoshio , Tsujino Takeshi , Ishida Tatsuro , Hirata Ken-ichi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyzes the highly reactive superoxide anion to form hydrogen peroxide, which facilitates cell proliferation and death. We investigated whether red cell SOD (R-SOD) activity is associated with an increased risk of cancer in a Japanese general population. We prospectively analyzed data from 1,921 participants (800 men and 1,121 women; age, 58.7 ± 14.7 years) in a Hidaka cohort study. After a median follow-up period of 10.9 years, 160 participants had developed cancer. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate quartile-specific HRs and 95% confidential intervals (CI) for cancer risk. After adjustment for potential cancer risk factors including age, sex, current smoking habit, alcohol use, physical activities, body mass index, plasma immunoreactive insulin, and non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, we found a significant association between R-SOD activity and an increased risk of cancer (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.03–2.52; P = 0.037). In analyses conducted separately by sex, a significant association was found in men (HR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.35–4.59; P = 0.003) but not women (HR, 1.46; 95% CI, 0.70–3.05; P = 0.320). After excluding participants who developed cancer within 5 years of the baseline survey, the association was more evident in men (HR, 4.64; 95% CI, 1.88–11.45; P = 0.001). We found no association with cancer risk in women (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.39–2.65; P = 0.983). Increased R-SOD activities were associated with an increased risk of cancer, particularly in men in this population.

Significance:
Our study is the first to show that increased R-SOD activity is associated with a significantly higher cancer risk in men but not in women. Antioxidative enzymes such as SOD are essential for maintaining cellular redox balance. Their roles in cancer development and prevention are yet to be fully elucidated.
Circulating miRNAs and Machine Learning for Lateralizing Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Vékony Bálint , Nyirő Gábor , Herold Zoltan , Fekete János , Ceccato Filippo , Gruber Sven , Kürzinger Lydia , Parasiliti-Caprino Mirko , Bioletto Fabio , Szücs Nikolette , Doros Attila , Szeredás Bálint Kende , Syed Mohammed Nazri Siti Khadijah , Fell Vanessa , Bassiony Mohamed , Dank Magdolna , Azizan Elena Aisha , Bancos Irina , Beuschlein Felix , Igaz Peter 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
Distinguishing between unilateral and bilateral primary aldosteronism, a major cause of secondary hypertension, is crucial due to different treatment approaches. While adrenal venous sampling is the gold standard, its invasiveness, limited availability, and often difficult interpretation pose challenges. This study explores the utility of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) and machine learning in distinguishing between unilateral and bilateral forms of primary aldosteronism.

METHODS:
MiRNA profiling was conducted on plasma samples from 18 patients with primary aldosteronism taken during adrenal venous sampling on an Illumina MiSeq platform. Bioinformatics and machine learning identified 9 miRNAs for validation by reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Validation was performed on a cohort consisting of 108 patients with known subdifferentiation. A 30-patient subset of the validation cohort involved both adrenal venous sampling and peripheral, the rest only peripheral samples. A neural network model was used for feature selection and comparison between adrenal venous sampling and peripheral samples, while a deep-learning model was used for classification.

RESULTS:
Our model identified 10 miRNA combinations achieving >85% accuracy in distinguishing unilateral primary aldosteronism and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia on a 30-sample subset, while also confirming the suitability of peripheral samples for analysis. The best model, involving 6 miRNAs, achieved an area under curve of 87.1%. Deep learning resulted in 100% accuracy on the subset and 90.9% sensitivity and 81.8% specificity on all 108 samples, with an area under curve of 86.7%.

CONCLUSIONS:
Machine learning analysis of circulating miRNAs offers a minimally invasive alternative for primary aldosteronism lateralization. Early identification of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia could expedite treatment initiation without the need for further localization, benefiting both patients and health care providers.
Clinical Impact of Reperfusion Techniques and Occlusion Sites in Thrombectomy: Insights from the ASSIST Stroke Registry
Authors: Neuberger Ulf , Price Lori Lyn , Miralbés Salvador , Naravetla Bharath , Spiotta Alejandro , Loehr Christian , Martínez‐Galdámez Mario , McTaggart Ryan A. , Defreyne Luc , Vega Pedro , Zaidat Osama O. , Liebeskind David S. , Gupta Rishi , Möhlenbruch Markus Alfred , Investigators the ASSIST 
Published: October 2024

Background
Mechanical thrombectomy has changed the landscape of acute ischemic stroke treatment, offering improved outcomes for patients with large vessel occlusions. The interplay between reperfusion techniques and occlusion sites remains a critical consideration in treatment decisions. This study investigates the impact of primary reperfusion techniques—stent retriever classic, stent retriever combination with aspiration, and direct aspiration—on procedural and clinical outcomes at different occlusion sites.

Methods
Using data from the ASSIST registry, a prospective multinational initiative, patients with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusions (n = 1477) were included. Three primary occlusion sites—M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery, M2 segment of the middle cerebral artery, and the internal carotid artery—were studied. Univariate tests and multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess associations between reperfusion techniques and procedural and clinical outcomes, including the expanded thrombolysis in cerebral infarction score and the modified Rankin Scale, stratified by occlusion site.

Results

Achieving expanded thrombolysis in cerebral infarction ≥2c after first pass was lower in internal carotid artery occlusions (18.2%,
P
<0.0001) with direct aspiration alone compared with stent retriever classic (38.2%) or stent retriever combination with aspiration (43.3%), while no differences were seen for M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery (
P
= 0.77) and M2 segment of the middle cerebral artery (
P
= 0.29) occlusions. Bailout maneuvers, which were more frequent in the direct aspiration group for all occlusion sites, did not result in longer procedure times or different final recanalization outcomes in direct aspiration compared with stent retriever classic or stent retriever combination with aspiration. Overall, there were no differences in the rate of patients with modified Rankin Scale scores of 0–2 at 90 days. No differences in safety outcomes were observed.

Conclusions
This study provides insight into the complex relationship between reperfusion techniques and occlusion sites in patients with acute ischemic stroke and shows that certain techniques have advantages in certain occlusion sites. As the field evolves, further research is warranted to refine our understanding of these dynamics and inform clinical practice.
Surface patterns or syntactic structure?
Authors: Keydana Götz 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In Ancient Greek, the default case for subjects in infinitival phrases is the accusative. In this paper I give a diachronic explanation in terms of reanalysis and, more importantly, pattern extension. It is argued that the development is a-structural in that a surface pattern is extended irrespective of structural licensing. In the second part of the paper the default character of the accusative in infinitivals which is the result of pattern extension is accounted for on the synchronic level in a lexical inheritance network.
Creating the Shi’i Sacred Space in Italy
Authors: Mirshahvalad Minoo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The most serious challenge that Twelver Shi’is face in Italy is the absence of their conventional places of worship. The present study through empirical methods demonstrates how Shi’is create prayer halls by inclusion and exclusion of certain elements and how confer a sort of sacredness to these locals. Although sacredness of the Islamic places of worship is subject to controversy, in this essay we will see how sacredness of such places emerges as a social construction liable to constant evolution, rather than a God-given and extraordinary phenomenon.
“Tax Amazon, Not Working People”: Left Populism and Labor Organizing in Seattle
Authors: Thomas Mark P. , Abdelbaki Rawan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper examines the role of labor and community left populist organizing in the Tax Amazon campaign based in Seattle, WA, USA. As a case study within a larger project that examines manifestations of both right-wing and left-wing populism in urban spaces, the paper presents a lens through which urban populism may be examined in relation to new forms of labor organizing, with a specific focus on the dynamics of left populist resistance. The Tax Amazon campaign is situated within a longer trajectory of contemporary left populist organizing in Seattle. Emerging from a previous campaign that resulted in Seattle City Council instituting a $15 minimum wage, the Tax Amazon campaign brought together labor and community organizations to pressure Seattle City Council to introduce a corporate tax to generate funding for affordable housing initiatives. The campaign was met with resistance from the local business community, as well as some local trade unions. Being a leading corporate figure in this opposition, Amazon emerged as a key target of the left populist campaign. Through this study, we ask, what role did labor-community coalitions play in shaping the emergence of a broader left populist politics at the municipal scale in Seattle? Building from the experience of the Tax Amazon campaign, the paper reflects on the dynamics of resistance to corporate power through labor- and community-based left populist organizing. Reflecting a shift in U.S. politics at the municipal scale, Seattle offers a key case through which to assess whether and how urban populism may give rise to new forms of labor organizing. The paper also considers the ways in which the simultaneity of the Tax Amazon campaign and the Movement for Black Lives to ‘Defund the Police’ expanded the scope of political demands in the context of Seattle’s racialized urban precarity. In its conclusion, the paper draws from the analysis to reflect on both the broader prospects and limitations of left populist organising.
Three Shehret Texts
Authors: Watson Janet C.E. , Boom Andrea , Adli Al-Kathiri Amir Azad , Morris Miranda 
Published: October 2024

This chapter presents three audio texts in the Modern South Arabian language (MSAL) Śḥerɛ̄t (henceforth Shehret, a.k.a. Jibbāli) that deal with the use of indigenous flora for the building of houses for people and pens for livestock. The chapter begins with a brief background to the human–nature relationship in Dhofar, a brief description of the texts and the speakers and an outline of the phonemic inventory of Shehret. Section 2 describes the traditional use of plants as building materials. Section 3 presents the texts in Shehret, translated into English with annotations.
This chapter contributes to the documentation and revitalisation of language and culture in Dhofar. We hope that the botanical and cultural information presented here will be of interest to ethnobotany in general, and contribute to sustaining traditional knowledge in the region.