bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ipsilateral cortical inputs to the rostral and caudal motor areas in rats
Authors: Mohammed Hisham , Jain Neeraj 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTRats have a complete body representation in the primary motor cortex (M1). Rostrally there are additional representations of the forelimb and whiskers, called the rostral forelimb area (RFA) and the rostral whisker area (RWA). Recently we showed that sources of thalamic inputs to RFA and RWA are similar, but they are different from those for the caudal forelimb area (CFA) and the caudal whisker area (CWA) of M1 (Mohammed and Jain [2014] J Comp Neurol 522:528–545). We proposed that RWA and RFA are part of a second motor area, the rostral motor area (RMA). Here we report ipsilateral cortical connections of whisker representation in RMA, and compare them with connections of CWA. Connections of RFA, CFA, and the caudally located hindlimb area (CHA), which is a part of M1, were determined for comparison. The most distinctive features of cortical inputs to RWA compared with CWA include lack of inputs from the face region of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1), and only about half as much inputs from S1 compared with the lateral somatosensory areas S2 (second somatosensory area) and the parietal ventral area (PV). A similar pattern of inputs is seen for CFA and RFA, with RFA receiving smaller proportion of inputs from the forepaw region of S1 compared with CFA, and receiving fewer inputs from S1 compared with those from S2. These and other features of the cortical input pattern suggest that RMA has a distinct, and more of integrative functional role compared with M1. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:3104–3123, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Computational particle–haemodynamics analysis of liver radioembolization pretreatment as an actual treatment surrogate
Authors: Aramburu Jorge , Antón Raúl , Rivas Alejandro , Ramos Juan Carlos , Sangro Bruno , Bilbao José Ignacio 
Published: April 2016

SummaryLiver radioembolization (RE) is a treatment option for patients with unresectable and chemorefractory primary and metastatic liver tumours. RE consists of intra‐arterially administering via catheter radioactive microspheres that locally attack the tumours, sparing healthy tissue. Prior to RE, the standard practice is to conduct a treatment‐mimicking pretreatment assessment via the infusion of 99mTc‐labelled macroaggregated albumin microparticles. The usefulness of this pretreatment has been debated in the literature, and thus, the aim of the present study is to shed light on this issue by numerically simulating the liver RE pretreatment and actual treatment particle–haemodynamics in a patient‐specific hepatic artery under two different literature‐based cancer scenarios and two different placements of a realistic end‐hole microcatheter in the proper hepatic artery. The parameters that are analysed are the following: microagent quantity and size (accounting for RE pretreatment and treatment), catheter‐tip position (near the proper hepatic artery bifurcation and away from it), and cancer burden (10% and 30% liver involvement). The conclusion that can be reached from the simulations is that when it comes to mimicking RE in terms of delivering particles to tumour‐bearing segments, the catheter‐tip position is much more important (because of the importance of local haemodynamic pattern alteration) than the infused microagents (i.e. quantity and size). Cancer burden is another important feature because the increase in blood flow rate to tumour‐bearing segments increases the power to drag particles. These numerical simulation‐based conclusions are in agreement with clinically observed events reported in the literature. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Computer simulations of reentrant activity in the rabbit sinoatrial node
Authors: Syunyaev Roman A. , Aliev Rubin R. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryWith the aid of detailed computer simulations, we have estimated distributions of membrane potential and ionic currents in the core region of a sinoatrial node reentry. We observe reduced amplitudes of the measured quantities in the core; the core sizes for potential and currents did not always coincide. Simulations revealed that acetylcholine, when applied in the vicinity of unstable reentry, attracted the reentry to become the core and to stabilize its rotation. Anatomically detailed simulations of sinoatrial node and surrounding atrial tissue revealed that reentry always rotated around small strips of connective tissue. Acetylcholine superfusion over superior part of the sinoatrial node resulted in a drift of reentry in the cranial direction. Under the latter conditions, reentry may coexist with the pacemaker in the caudal part of the sinoatrial node. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Direct Growth of 3 D Hierarchical Porous Ni3S2 Nanostructures on Nickel Foam for High‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Yilmaz Gamze , Lu Xianmao 
Published: April 2016

AbstractHierarchical nanostructures grown on conductive 3D scaffold materials are excellent candidates for supercapacitor electrodes. Herein, we report the fabrication and electrochemical performance of 3D Ni3S2 nanoporous structures directly grown on nickel foam via a facile and cost‐effective one‐step process using Ni foam as both the template and Ni source. An ultrahigh areal capacitance of 7.25 F cm−2 was obtained at a current density of 5 mA cm−2 for the nanoporous Ni3S2 structures. The encouraging performance of Ni3S2 nanoporous structures allowed for the fabrication of asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) using Ni3S2 as cathode and activated carbon as anode. The resulting ASC exhibited high volumetric capacitance (4.48 F cm−3 at 6 mA cm−2), high energy density (1.54 mWh cm−3 at a power density of 0.07 W cm−3), and excellent cycling stability (92.7 % retention of the initial capacitance after 5000 cycles at a current density of 16 mA cm−2).
Doxorubicin‐Loaded Metal–Organic Gels for pH and Glutathione Dual‐Responsive Release
Authors: Tan Si Yu , Ang Chung Yen , Mahmood Asif , Qu Qiuyu , Li Peizhou , Zou Ruqiang , Zhao Yanli 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAn emerging class of porous materials known as metal–organic gels (MOGs) has been gaining popularity due to their stability under reduced pressure and sensitivity to varying chemical environment. In this work, MOGs were used for the storage and controlled release of an anticancer drug, doxorubicin (Dox). In acidic pH or high concentration of glutathione, significant release of Dox from Dox‐loaded MOGs was observed. In addition, structural integrity of MOGs was disrupted in an acidic or glutathione‐containing environment, which was demonstrated by several characterization techniques. In vitro experiments on HeLa cancer cells showed the low toxicity of MOGs and further confirmed triggered drug release of Dox‐loaded MOGs. Based on the promising results obtained, Dox‐loaded MOGs present a great potential for future drug delivery applications.
An Enzyme‐Based Half‐Adder and Half‐Subtractor with a Modular Design
Authors: Fratto Brian E. , Lewer Jessica M. , Katz Evgeny 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA half‐adder and a half‐subtractor have been realized using enzymatic reaction cascades performed in a flow cell device. The individual cells were modified with different enzymes and assembled in complex networks to perform logic operations and arithmetic functions. The modular design of the logic devices allowed for easy re‐configuration, enabling them to perform various functions. The final output signals, represented by redox species [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− or NADH/NAD+, were analyzed optically to derive the calculation results. These output signals might be applicable in the future for actuation processes, for example, substance release activated by logically processed signals.
Structures, Unimolecular Fragmentations, and Reactivities of the Self‐Assembled Multimetallic/Peptide Complexes [Mnn(GlyGly‐H)2n−1]+ and [Mnn+1(GlyGly‐H)2n]2+
Authors: Moghaddam Maryam B. , Fridgen Travis D. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractComplexes of Mn2+ with deprotonated GlyGly are investigated by sustained off‐resonance irradiation collision‐induced dissociation (SORI‐CID), infrared multiple‐photon dissociation spectroscopy, ion–molecule reactions, and computational methods. Singly [Mnn(GlyGly‐H)2n−1]+ and doubly [Mnn+1(GlyGly‐H)2n]2+ charged clusters are formed from aqueous solutions of MnCl2 and GlyGly by electrospray ionization. The most intense ion produced was the singly charged [M2(GlyGly‐H)3]+ cluster. Singly charged clusters show extensive fragmentations of small neutral molecules such as water and carbon dioxide as well as dissociation pathways related to the loss of NH2CHCO and GlyGly. For the doubly charged clusters, however, loss of GlyGly is observed as the main dissociation pathway. Structure elucidation of [Mn3(GlyGly‐H)4]2+ clusters has also been done by IRMPD spectroscopy as well as DFT calculations. It is shown that the lowest energy structure of the [Mn3(GlyGly‐H)4]2+ cluster is deprotonated at all carboxylic acid groups and metal ions are coordinated with carbonyl oxygen atoms, and that all amine nitrogen atoms are hydrogen bonded to the amide hydrogen. A comparison of the calculated high‐spin (sextet) and low‐spin (quartet) state structures of [Mn3(GlyGly‐H)4]2+ is provided. IRMPD spectroscopic results are in agreement with the lowest energy high‐spin structure computed. Also, the gas‐phase reactivity of these complexes towards neutral CO and water was investigated. The parent complexes did not add any water or CO, presumably due to saturation at the metal cation. However, once some of the ligand was removed via CO2 laser IRMPD, water was seen to add to the complex. These results are consistent with high‐spin Mn2+ complexes.
How Does Environmental Irresponsibility Impair Corporate Reputation? A Multi‐Method Investigation
Authors: Lin Han , Zeng Saixing , Wang Liangyan , Zou Hailiang , Ma Hanyang 
Published: April 2016

AbstractSustainable development has received worldwide attention. Recent studies on corporate environmental behavior have called for research from the specific stakeholder's perspective (i.e., consumer) on the topic of going green. Based on reputation theory, this paper employed a secondary data analysis and three experiments to highlight the influence of environmental irresponsibility on corporate reputation perceived by consumers. Coherent results showed that environmental irresponsibility negatively affected corporate reputation and perceived corporate ethics served as a mediator. Furthermore, corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities could alleviate the harmful consequences of irresponsible behavior by moderating the mediating role of perceived corporate ethics in determining the influence of environmental irresponsibility. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Manganese Oxide Nanorod‐Decorated Mesoporous ZSM‐5 Composite as a Precious‐Metal‐Free Electrode Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Cui Xiangzhi , Hua Zile , Chen Lisong , Zhang Xiaohua , Chen Hangrong , Shi Jianlin 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA precious‐metal‐free cathode catalyst, MnO2 nanorod‐decorated mesoporous ZSM‐5 zeolite nanocomposite (MnO2/ m‐ZSM‐5), has been successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal and electrostatic interaction approach for efficient electrochemical catalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The active MnOOH species, that is, Mn4+/Mn3+ redox couple and Brønsted acid sites on the mesoporous ZSM‐5 matrix facilitate an approximately 4 e− process for the catalysis of the ORR comparable to commercial 20 wt % Pt/C. Stable electrocatalytic activity with 90 % current retention after 5000 cycles, and more importantly, excellent methanol tolerance is observed. Synergetic catalytic effects between the MnO2 nanorods and the mesoporous ZSM‐5 matrix are proposed to account for the high electrochemical catalytic performance.
Associations between respiratory arrhythmia and fundamental frequency of spontaneous crying in preterm and term infants at term‐equivalent age
Authors: Shinya Yuta , Kawai Masahiko , Niwa Fusako , Myowa‐Yamakoshi Masako 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTThis study investigated whether lower vagal function in preterm infants is associated with increased fundamental frequency (F0; frequency of vocal fold vibration) of their spontaneous cries. We assessed respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) during quiet sleep as a measure of vagal function, and its relationship with the F0 of spontaneous cries in healthy preterm and term infants at term‐equivalent age. The results showed that preterm infants have significantly lower RSA, and higher overall F0 than term infants. Moreover, lower RSA was associated with higher overall F0 in preterm infants, whereas higher RSA was positively associated with mean and maximum F0, and a larger F0 range in term infants. These results suggest that individual differences in vagal function may be associated with the F0 of spontaneous cries via modulation of vocal fold tension in infants at an early developmental stage. © 2016 The Authors. Developmental Psychobiology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 58:724–733, 2016.
Clustering of metabolic risk factors and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Lei Qiong , Niu Jianmin , Lv Lijuan , Duan Dongmei , Wen Jiying , Lin Xiaohong , Mai Caiyuan , Zhou Yuheng 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe relative contributions of a cluster of metabolic risk factors to pregnancy complications are not fully understood. We investigated the correlation between clustering of metabolic risk factors and adverse pregnancy outcomes.MethodsThis prospective cohort study was performed on pregnant women who sought health care during their whole gestation in a women's and children's hospital. The pregnancy outcomes were also followed. Pre‐pregnancy overweight/obesity, as well as pregnancy high triglycerides, low high‐density lipoprotein–cholesterol, hyperglycemia and raised blood pressure were defined as metabolic risk factors. Adverse pregnancy outcomes included preterm delivery, small/large for gestational age, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, neonatal asphyxia and foetal demise. Stratified analyses were conducted on a total of 5535 women according to classification in each metabolic risk factor. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for adverse pregnancy outcomes according to the number of clustering metabolic factors was calculated using the logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe number of metabolic risk factors and adverse pregnancy outcomes were positively correlated (Ptrend < 0.001). Compared with women without a metabolic risk factor, women with one metabolic risk factor had a risk (OR = 1.67 95%CI 1.42–1.96) of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Women with a cluster of two metabolic risk factors tended to develop more adverse pregnancy outcomes (OR = 3.32 95% CI 2.69–4.10), and the risk was much higher in women with a cluster of three or more metabolic risk factors (OR = 10.40 95%CI 7.37–14.69).ConclusionsPregnant women with a cluster of metabolic risk factors are more likely to have adverse pregnancy outcomes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adverse effects of incretin‐based therapies on major cardiovascular and arrhythmia events: meta‐analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Wang Tiansheng , Wang Fei , Zhou Junwen , Tang Huilin , Giovenale Sharon 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundRecent cardiovascular outcome trials of incretin‐based therapies (IBT) in type 2 diabetes have not demonstrated either benefit or harm in terms of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Earlier meta‐analyses showed conflicting results but were limited in methodology. We aimed to perform an updated meta‐analysis of all available incretin therapies on the incidence of MACE plus arrhythmia and heart failure.MethodsWe identified studies published through November 2014 by searching electronic databases and reference lists. We included RCTs in which the intervention group received incretin‐based therapies and the control group received placebo or standard treatment; enrolled >100 participants in each group; interventions lasted >24 weeks; and reported data on one or more primary major adverse cardiovascular events endpoints plus terms for arrhythmia and heart failure. We used the Peto method for each CV event for individual IBT treatment.ResultsIn this meta‐analysis of 100 RCTs involving 54,758 incretin‐based therapies users and 48,175 controls, exenatide was associated with increased risk of arrhythmia (OR 2.83; 95% CI, 1.06–7.57); saxagliptin was associated with an increased risk of heart failure (OR 1.23; 95% CI, 1.03–1.46), and sitagliptin was associated with a significantly decreased risk of all cause death compared to active controls (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.18–0.82).ConclusionsIn type 2 diabetes, exenatide may increase the risk of arrhythmia, and sitagliptin may reduce the risk of all cause death; however, the subgroup of patients most likely to experience harm or benefit is unclear. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maternal glucose intolerance reduces offspring nephron endowment and increases glomerular volume in adult offspring
Authors: Hokke Stacey , Arias Nicole , Armitage James A. , Puelles Victor G. , Fong Karen , Geraci Stefania , Gretz Norbert , Bertram John F. , Cullen‐McEwen Luise A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundAnimal studies report a nephron deficit in offspring exposed to maternal diabetes, yet are limited to models of severe hyperglycaemia which do not reflect the typical clinical condition and which are associated with foetal growth restriction that may confound nephron endowment. We aimed to assess renal morphology and function in offspring of leptin receptor deficient mice (Leprdb/+) and hypothesized that exposure to impaired maternal glucose tolerance (IGT) would be detrimental to the developing kidney.MethodsNephron endowment was assessed in offspring of C57BKS/J Leprdb/+ and +/+ mice at embryonic day (E)18 and postnatal day (PN)21 using design‐based stereology. Transcutaneous measurement of renal function and total glomerular volume were assessed in 6‐month‐old offspring. Only +/+ offspring of Leprdb/+ dams were analysed.ResultsCompared with +/+ dams, Leprdb/+ dams had a 20% and 35% decrease in glucose tolerance prior to pregnancy and at E17.5 respectively. Offspring of IGT Leprdb/+ dams had approximately 15% fewer nephrons at E18.5 and PN21 than offspring of +/+ dams. There was no difference in offspring bodyweight. Despite normal renal function, total glomerular volume was 13% greater in 6‐month‐old offspring of IGT Leprdb/+ dams than in +/+ offspring.ConclusionsIGT throughout gestation resulted in a nephron deficit that was established early in renal development. Maternal IGT was associated with glomerular hypertrophy in adult offspring, likely a compensatory response to maintain normal renal function. Given the increasing prevalence of IGT, monitoring glucose from early in gestation may be important to prevent altered kidney morphology. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pancreatic volume is reduced in patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults
Authors: Lu Jun , Hou Xuhong , Pang Can , Zhang Lei , Hu Cheng , Zhao Jungong , Bao Yuqian , Jia Weiping 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to compare pancreatic volume and its clinical significance among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), adult‐onset type 1 DM and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA).MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional study. One hundred twenty‐six outpatients (68 with LADA and 58 with type 1 DM) and 158 inpatients (71 with type 2 DM and 87 non‐diabetic controls) were recruited during May–July 2013 in Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital. All the patients underwent abdominal computerized tomography; pancreatic volume was then calculated.ResultsThe mean pancreatic volume was highest in the controls, followed by those in patients with type 2 DM, LADA and type 1 DM. The pancreatic volume in LADA was comparable with that in type 2 DM but significantly greater than that in type 1 DM (p < 0.05). The pancreatic volume in patients with LADA was significantly correlated with sex, waist circumference, body surface area, body mass index, diastolic blood pressure and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (all p < 0.05). The correlation between pancreatic volume and fasting C‐peptide was high in patients with LADA (r = 0.643, p < 0.001) and moderate in patients with type 2 DM (r = 0.467, p < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for pancreatic volume predictive of absolute insulin deficiency (FCP < 0.9 ng/mL) was 0.85 (0.76–0.94) in LADA.ConclusionsPancreatic atrophy in LADA was less marked than in type 1 DM. Pancreatic atrophy may suggest reduced level of fasting C‐peptide in patients with LADA. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Family‐based therapy for young adults with Anorexia Nervosa restores weight
Authors: Chen Eunice Y. , Weissman Jessica A. , Zeffiro Thomas A. , Yiu Angelina , Eneva Kalina T. , Arlt Jean M. , Swantek Michael J. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveWe examined the preliminary acceptability and efficacy of family‐based therapy (FBT) for weight restoration in young adults (FBTY) with Anorexia Nervosa (AN).MethodTwenty‐two primarily female participants ranging from age 18 to 26, with AN or atypical AN (ICD‐10) and their support adults were enrolled in a 6‐month open trial of FBTY. Participants were assessed at baseline, after treatment, and at six and 12 month follow‐up visits. The primary outcome was BMI and secondary outcomes included eating disorder psychopathology, current eating disorder obsessions, and compulsions, number of other Axis I disorders and global assessment of functioning.ResultsAlthough FBTY was rated as suitable by participants and their support adults, during FBTY, 9/22 participants dropped out and 3/22 dropped out at follow‐up assessments. Despite being offered 18–20 sessions over six months, a mean of 12 FBTY sessions (SD = 6) were attended. After FBTY, 15 of the intent‐to‐treat sample of 22 were no longer underweight (BMIs ≥ 19 kg/m2) and 12 months after treatment, 13/22 were no longer underweight. The magnitude of the BMI increase during FBTY (Hedges g = 1.20, 95th percentile CI = 0.55–1.85) was comparable to findings for adolescent FBT for AN. Secondary outcomes also improved.DiscussionFBTY for young adults with AN and atypical AN, which involves support adults participants have chosen, results in weight restoration that is sustained up to a year after treatment. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:701–707)
Eruption of urticaria and angioedema induced by binging and purging in an anorexia nervosa patient
Authors: Latzer Itay Tokatly , Agmon‐Levin Nancy , Somech Raz , Stein Daniel 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundAnorexia nervosa is a perplexing psycho‐biological disorder with a systemic nature, which can present in almost every organ and system of the body. Among the different presentations of starvation, several immunological and dermatological manifestations have been documented. To the best of our knowledge the occurrence of urticaria and angioedema in patients with binge or purge behaviors has yet to be documented.Case presentationWe present a 16‐year‐old female patient diagnosed with anorexia nervosa binge/purge type, who presented with urticaria and angioedema shortly after binge/purge episodes that subsided when these behaviors ceased. Other possible causes for the urticaria were ruled out.DiscussionThis finding may represent a form of inducible urticaria, exacerbated in low‐weight patients by the occurrence of binge/purge behaviors. We wish to report this observation in an attempt to widen the scope of the physical signs that may accompany eating disorders and bring this specific phenomenon into awareness. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:822–825)