bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Typical antimicrobials induce mast cell degranulation and anaphylactoid reactions via MRGPRX2 and its murine homologue MRGPRB2
Authors: Zhang Tao , Che Delu , Liu Rui , Han Shengli , Wang Nan , Zhan Yingzhuan , Pundir Priyanka , Cao Jiao , Lv Yanni , Yang Liu , Wang Jue , Ding Meiwen , Dong Xinzhong , He Langchong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMast cells are unique immune cells that function as sentinels in host defence reactions, including immediate hypersensitivity responses and allergic responses. The mast cell‐specific receptor named MAS‐related G protein‐coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) triggers mast‐cell degranulation, a key process in anaphylactoid reactions. It is widely observed that antimicrobials can induce pseudo‐allergic reactions (i.e. IgE‐independent mechanism) with symptoms ranging from skin inflammation to life‐threatening systemic anaphylaxis. However, their direct involvement and the mechanisms underlying anaphylactoid reactions caused by antimicrobials have not been demonstrated. Structurally different antimicrobials were screened by Ca2+ imaging using MRGPRX2 overexpressing HEK293 cells. MRGPRX2 related anaphylactoid reactions induced by these components were investigated by body temperature drop and mast cell degranulation assays. We showed that MRGPRX2 is involved in allergic‐like reactions to three types of antimicrobials in a dose‐dependent manner. However, mast cells lacking the receptor show reduced degranulation. Furthermore, mice without MAS‐related G protein‐coupled receptor B2 (the orthologous gene of MRGPRX2) exhibited reduced substance‐induced inflammation. Interestingly, β‐lactam and antiviral nucleoside analogues did not induce anaphylactic reactions, which were also observed in vitro. These results should alarm many clinicians that such drugs might induce anaphylactoid reactions and provide guidance on safe dosage of these drugs.
Human profilin 1 is a negative regulator of CTL mediated cell‐killing and migration
Authors: Schoppmeyer Rouven , Zhao Renping , Cheng He , Hamed Mohamed , Liu Chen , Zhou Xiao , Schwarz Eva C. , Zhou Yan , Knörck Arne , Schwär Gertrud , Ji Shunrong , Liu Liang , Long Jiang , Helms Volkhard , Hoth Markus , Yu Xianjun , Qu Bin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe actin‐binding protein profilin1 (PFN1) plays a central role in actin dynamics, which is essential for cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) functions. The functional role of PFN1 in CTLs, however still remains elusive. Here, we identify PFN1 as the only member of the profilin family expressed in primary human CD8+ T cells. Using in vitro assays, we find that PFN1 is a negative regulator of CTL‐mediated elimination of target cells. Furthermore, PFN1 is involved in activation‐induced lytic granule (LG) release, CTL migration and modulation of actin structures at the immunological synapse (IS). During CTL migration, PFN1 modulates the velocity, protrusion formation patterns and protrusion sustainability. In contrast, PFN1 does not significantly affect migration persistence and the rates of protrusion emergence and retraction. Under in vitro conditions mimicking a tumor microenvironment, we show that PFN1 downregulation promotes CTL invasion into a 3D matrix, without affecting the viability of CTLs in a hydrogen peroxide‐enriched microenvironment. Highlighting its potential relevance in cancer, we find that in pancreatic cancer patients, PFN1 expression is substantially decreased in peripheral CD8+ T cells. Taken together, we conclude that PFN1 is a negative regulator for CTL‐mediated cytotoxicity and may have an impact on CTL functionality in a tumor‐related context.
Physical and oxidative stability of high fat fish oil‐in‐water emulsions stabilized with combinations of sodium caseinate and sodium alginate
Authors: Yesiltas Betül , García‐Moreno Pedro J. , Sørensen Ann‐Dorit M. , Jacobsen Charlotte 
Published: July 2017

A systematic study was carried out in order to evaluate the physical and oxidative stability of high fat omega‐3 delivery fish oil‐in‐water emulsions stabilized with combinations of sodium caseinate (NaCas) and sodium alginate (NaAlg). The influence of three factors related to emulsion composition (fish oil content: 50, 60, and 70%; total amount of NaCas and NaAlg: 1.4, 2.1 and 2.8%; and ratio NaCas:NaAlg: 0.4, 1.2, and 2) on physical (droplet size, viscosity, and zeta potential) and oxidative (primary and secondary oxidation products) parameters was evaluated. It was possible to produce emulsions with a combination of NaCas and NaAlg, except when the ratio between NaAlg and aqueous phase was high (0.047 or 0.054). Viscosity of the emulsions significantly increased with increasing fish oil and total stabilizer content. Zeta potential was significantly affected by total stabilizer content. The content of primary oxidation products in the emulsions was very low (0.93 meq peroxides/kg oil). Secondary oxidation products were detected in small amounts (<60 ng/g emulsion). Even though the optimum formulation concerning physical parameters was suggested as 61.8% fish oil content, 1.4% total stabilizer, and 1.2 ratio NaCas:NaAlg by Box‐Behnken's design, the formulae 70%‐1.4%‐1.2 was decided due to high fish oil content's decreasing effect on droplet size and peroxide value.Practical applications: Physically and oxidatively stable high fat (50–70%) omega‐3 delivery fish oil‐in‐water emulsions are of high interest to food industry for the production of omega‐3 fortified products. Our results show the feasibility to stabilize high fat delivery fish oil‐in‐water emulsions using combinations of NaCas and NaAlg. As these emulsions had high amount of fish oil, food products can be enriched with smaller amounts of high fat emulsions when compared to low fat delivery emulsions. This results in minor changes of the product's original structure. Examples for enrichment of food products with omega‐3 are dressings, cream cheese, yoghurt, and mayonnaise.Optimization of emulsion composition which maximizes the physical and oxidative stabilities of high fat fish oil‐in‐water emulsions stabilized with combinations of sodium caseinate and sodium alginate.
Lipids from visceral depot fat of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer): Compositions and storage stability as affected by extraction methods
Authors: Sae‐leaw Thanasak , Benjakul Soottawat 
Published: July 2017

Lipids from Asian seabass visceral depot fat (SVDF) were extracted using different methods including heating in air, heating under vacuum, autoclave, and solvent extraction. Lipid extracted by heating under vacuum had the highest yield (67.33%) (p < 0.05). All extracted lipids had triglyceride (TG) as the major component, followed by phospholipid (PL). Oleic acid (C18:1 n‐9) constituted as the most abundant fatty acid in all lipids, followed by palmitic acid (C16:0) and linoleic acid (C18:2 n‐6), regardless of extraction methods. Docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n‐3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5 n‐3) accounted for 6.88–7.41 and 1.76–2.51%, respectively. During storage of 30 days at 30°C, lipids extracted by heating under vacuum or by solvent had the higher oxidative stability as indicated by the lower peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), conjugated diene (CD), and ρ‐anisidine value (AnV). Lower increases in free fatty acid (FFA) content were also found in the samples obtained by those two methods. Extraction of lipid by heating under vacuum or solvent could lower the formation of volatile lipid oxidation products. Thus, extraction method had the profound impact on yield and storage stability of lipids from SVDF.Practical applications: Asian seabass visceral depot fat is considered as the byproduct during butchering process. This fatty tissue can serve as the potential raw material for lipid production. Several methods have been used for extraction of lipids, in which yield and chemical compositions can be varied. Therefore, the appropriate extraction method should be implemented to increase the efficacy of lipid extraction and to obtain lipid with high quality and oxidative stability. As a consequence, Asian seabass viscera can be better exploited and fish lipid rich in n‐3 fatty acids can be produced and used as nutraceutical or supplement.Lipids from Asian seabass visceral depot fat are extracted using different methods including heating in air, heating under vacuum, autoclave, and solvent extraction. Extraction by heating under vacuum rendered the lipid with the highest yield and the oxidation occurred at the low extent. During storage of 30 days at 30°C, lipids extracted by heating under vacuum also have the high oxidative stability. Therefore, Asian seabass viscera could be the potential raw material of lipid rich in n‐3 fatty acids, which can be extracted and used as nutraceutical or supplement.
Proteoglycan 4 and hyaluronan as boundary lubricants for model contact lens hydrogels
Authors: Samsom Michael , Iwabuchi Yuno , Sheardown Heather , Schmidt Tannin A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractClinical data show that in vitro contact lens friction is related to in vivo comfort. Solutions of biological lubricants hyaluronan (HA) and proteoglycan 4 (PRG4, also known as lubricin) reduce friction at a cornea–polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) interface. The purpose of this study was to (1) determine if PRG4 can sorb to and lubricate model contact lens materials and (2) assess the boundary lubricating ability of PRG4 and HA compared to saline on model contact lens materials. PRG4 was obtained from bovine cartilage culture and suspended in saline at 300 µg/mL. N,N‐Dimethylacrylamidetris (trimethylsiloxy) silane, (DMAA/TRIS) and methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (pHEMA/TRIS) silicone hydrogels were prepared. A previously described in vitro eyelid–hydrogel and cornea–hydrogel biomechanical friction test was used to determine boundary lubricant effect. PRG4 sorption to the hydrogels was assessed using a soak‐rinse protocol and western blotting. PRG4 effectively lubricated both silicone hydrogel materials and HA effectively lubricated pHEMA/TRIS, as indicated by a statistically significant reduction in friction compared to the saline control lubricant. An HA and PRG4 combination showed a synergistic effect for pHEMA/TRIS and effectively lubricated DMAA/TRIS. Biological boundary lubricants HA and PRG4 were shown to effectively lubricate silicone hydrogels when in solution. Additionally, HA and PRG4 showed synergistic lubrication for pHEMA/TRIS. The purpose of this study was not to replicate the friction coefficients of contact lenses, but rather to investigate lubricant–surface interactions for common contact lens constituents. These findings contribute to the potential development of biomolecule based lubricant drops for contact lens wearers. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1329–1338, 2018.
Molecular aspects of diabetes mellitus: Resistin, microRNA, and exosome
Authors: Saeedi Borujeni Mohammad Javad , Esfandiary Ebrahim , Taheripak Gholamreza , Codoñer‐Franch Pilar , Alonso‐Iglesias Eulalia , Mirzaei Hamed 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) is known as one of important common endocrine disorders which could due to deregulation of a variety of cellular and molecular pathways. A large numbers studies indicated that various pathogenesis events including mutation, serin phosphorylation, and increasing/decreasing expression of many genes could contribute to initiation and progression of DM. Insulin resistance is one of important factors which could play critical roles in DM pathogenesis. It has been showed that insulin resistance via targeting a sequence of cellular and molecular pathways (eg, PI3 kinases, PPARγ co‐activator‐1, microRNAs, serine/threonine kinase Akt, and serin phosphorylation) could induce DM. Among of various factors involved in DM pathogenesis, microRNAs, and exosomes have been emerged as effective factors in initiation and progression of DM. A variety of studies indicated that deregulation of these molecules could change behavior of various types of cells and contribute to progression of DM. Resistin is other main factor which is known as signal molecule involved in insulin resistance. Multiple lines evidence indicated that resistin exerts its effects via affecting on glucose metabolism, inhibition of fatty acid uptake and metabolism with affecting on a variety of targets such as CD36, fatty acid transport protein 1, Acetyl‐CoA carboxylase, and AMP‐activated protein kinase. Here, we summarized various molecular aspects are associated with DM particularly the molecular pathways involved in insulin resistance and resistin in DM. Moreover, we highlighted exosomes and microRNAs as effective players in initiation and progression of DM.
Retracted: Knockdown of lncRNA HULC inhibits proliferation, migration, invasion, and promotes apoptosis by sponging miR‐122 in osteosarcoma
Authors: Kong Daliang , Wang Yang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractOsteosarcoma is a rare malignant bone tumor with high degree of malignancy. HULC (highly upregulated in liver cancer), a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) was involved in hepatocellular carcinoma development and progression, but its underlying mechanism in osteosarcoma is unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the functional role of HULC in osteosarcoma. The study was conducted in human osteosarcoma cell lines and the expression of HULC in the cell lines was detected by qRT‐PCR. Furthermore, the effects of HULC on tumorigenicity of osteosarcoma cells were evaluated by in vitro assays. Results revealed that HULC was highly expressed in osteosarcoma MG63 and OS‐732 cells compared to osteoblast hFOB1.19 cells. Suppression of HULC in osteosarcoma cells inhibited cell viability, migration, invasion, and promoted apoptosis. HULC functioned as an endogenous sponge for miR‐122, and its silence functioned through upregulating miR‐122. HNF4G was a target of miR‐122, and the effect of HNF4G on OS‐732 cells was the same as HULC. Furthermore, overexpression of miR‐122 inactivated PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT, and Notch pathways by downregulation of HNF4G. These findings suggest that knockdown of HULC inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion by sponging miR‐122 in osteosarcoma cells. HULC may act as a novel therapeutic target for management of osteosarcoma.
Rapid determination of lipophilic vitamins in human serum by ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography using a fluorinated column and high‐throughput miniaturized liquid–liquid extraction
Authors: Cervinkova Barbora , Krcmova Lenka Kujovska , Klabackova Sava , Solichova Dagmar , Solich Petr 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA high‐throughput miniaturized liquid–liquid extraction procedure followed by a simple ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography method coupled with fluorescence detection for bioanalytical analysis of all tocopherol isomers and retinol in human serum has been developed and validated. In the extraction procedure, a synthetic internal standard tocol was used, which does not occur in the human body. The separation of structurally related vitamins was achieved using a new generation of pentafluorophenyl propyl core–shell stationary phase with elution using methanol and an aqueous solution of ammonium acetate. The fluorescence of retinol and tocopherol isomers was detected at λex = 325, 295 nm and λem = 480, 325 nm, respectively. The rapid baseline separation of all analytes was accomplished within 4.0 min. The sensitivity of method was demonstrated with lower limits of quantification: retinol 0.01 μM, α‐tocopherol 0.38 μM, β‐tocopherol 0.18 μM, γ‐tocopherol 0.14 μM, and δ‐tocopherol 0.01 μM. Possible application of this method in clinical practice was confirmed by the analysis of human serum samples from healthy volunteers. Finally, the simultaneous determination of retinol and all tocopherol isomers in human serum can enable the clarification of their role in metabolism and in diseases such as cancer.
Ultrasound Versus Traditional Palpation to Guide Radial Artery Cannulation in Critically Ill Children: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Anantasit Nattachai , Cheeptinnakorntaworn Pimporn , Khositseth Anant , Lertbunrian Rojjanee , Chantra Marut 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesTo identify success rates for radial artery cannulation in a pediatric critical care unit using either palpation or ultrasound guidance to cannulate the radial artery.MethodsA prospective randomized comparative study of critically ill children who required invasive monitoring in a tertiary referral center was conducted. All patients were randomized by a stratified block of 4 to either ultrasound‐guided or traditional palpation radial artery cannulation. The primary outcomes were the first attempt and total success rates.ResultsEighty‐four children were enrolled, with 43 randomized to the palpation technique and 41 to the ultrasound‐guided technique. Demographic data between the groups were not significantly different. The total success and first attempt rates for the ultrasound‐guided group were significantly higher than those for the palpation group (success ratio, 2.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.13–3.64;P = .018; and success ratio, 4.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.57–11.14;P = .004, respectively). The median time to success for the ultrasound‐guided group was significantly shorter than that for the palpation group (3.3 versus 10.4 minutes;P < .001). Cannulation complications were lower in the ultrasound‐guided group than the palpation group (12.5% versus 53.3%;P < .001).ConclusionsThe ultrasound‐guided technique could improve the success rate and allow for faster cannulation of radial artery catheterization in critically ill children.
Comparison and Combination of Strain and Shear Wave Elastography of Breast Masses for Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Lesions by Quantitative Assessment: Preliminary Study
Authors: Seo Mirinae , Ahn Hye Shin , Park Sung Hee , Lee Jong Beum , Choi Byung Ihn , Sohn Yu‐Mee , Shin So Youn 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesTo compare the diagnostic performance of strain and shear wave elastography of breast masses for quantitative assessment in differentiating benign and malignant lesions and to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of combined strain and shear wave elastography.MethodsBetween January and February 2016, 37 women with 45 breast masses underwent both strain and shear wave ultrasound (US) elastographic examinations. The American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI‐RADS) final assessment on B‐mode US imaging was assessed. We calculated strain ratios for strain elastography and the mean elasticity value and elasticity ratio of the lesion to fat for shear wave elastography. Diagnostic performances were compared by using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsThe 37 women had a mean age of 47.4 years (range, 20–79 years). Of the 45 lesions, 20 were malignant, and 25 were benign. The AUCs for elasticity values on strain and shear wave elastography showed no significant differences (strain ratio, 0.929; mean elasticity, 0.898; and elasticity ratio, 0.868; P > .05). After selectively downgrading BI‐RADS category 4a lesions based on strain and shear wave elastographic cutoffs, the AUCs for the combined sets of B‐mode US and elastography were improved (B‐mode + strain, 0.940; B‐mode + shear wave; 0.964; and B‐mode, 0.724; P < .001). Combined strain and shear wave elastography showed significantly higher diagnostic accuracy than each individual elastographic modality (P = .031).ConclusionsThese preliminary results showed that strain and shear wave elastography had similar diagnostic performance. The addition of strain and shear wave elastography to B‐mode US improved diagnostic performance. The combination of strain and shear wave elastography results in a higher diagnostic yield than each individual elastographic modality.
Quality indicators of laryngeal cancer care in commercially insured patients
Authors: Britt Christopher J. , Chang Hsien‐Yen , Quon Harry , Kang Hyunseok , Kiess Ana P. , Eisele David W. , Frick Kevin D. , Gourin Christine G. 
Published: July 2017

ObjectiveTo examine associations between quality, complications, and costs in commercially insured patients treated for laryngeal cancer.Study DesignRetrospective cross‐sectional analysis of MarketScan Commercial Claim and Encounters data (Truven Health Analytics, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A.).MethodsWe evaluated 10,969 patients diagnosed with laryngeal cancer from 2010 to 2012 using cross‐tabulations and multivariate regression. Using quality indicators derived from guidelines for recommended care, summary measures of quality were calculated for diagnosis, initial treatment, surveillance, treatment for recurrence, performance, and an overall summary measure of quality.ResultsHigher‐quality care in the initial treatment period was associated with lower odds of 30‐day mortality (odds ratio [OR] = 0.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.04–0.98]), surgical complications (OR = 0.39 [0.17–0.88]), and medical complications (OR = 0.68 [0.49–0.96]). Mean incremental 1‐year costs were higher for higher‐quality diagnosis ($20,126 [$14,785–$25,466]), initial treatment ($17,918 [$10,481–$25,355]), and surveillance ($25,424 [$20,014–$30,834]) quality indicators, whereas costs were lower for higher‐quality performance measures (−$45,723 [−$56,246–−$35,199]) after controlling for all other variables. Higher‐quality care was associated with significant differences in mean incremental costs for initial treatment in surgical patients ($−37,303 [−$68,832–−$5,775]), and for the overall summary measure of quality in patients treated nonoperatively ($10,473 [$1,121–$19,825]). After controlling for the overall summary measure of quality, costs were significantly lower for patients receiving high‐volume surgical care (mean −$18,953 [−$28,381–−$9,426]).ConclusionHigher‐quality larynx cancer care in commercially insured patients was associated with lower 30‐day mortality and morbidity. High‐volume surgical care was associated with lower 1‐year costs, even after controlling for quality. These data have implications for discussions of value and quality in an era of healthcare reform.Level of Evidence2c. Laryngoscope, 127:2805–2812, 2017
Assessment of human papillomavirus awareness in association with head and neck cancer at a screening event
Authors: Berger Michael H. , Cohen Erin R. , Shamrock Alan G. , Chan Brandon , Camp Michelle , Lo Kaming , Sargi Zoukaa B. 
Published: July 2017

Objectives/HypothesisTo assess the baseline awareness of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection as a cause of head and neck cancer (HNC) to design improved targeted screening and education efforts.Study DesignRetrospective review of collected survey at a cancer screening event.MethodsThis was a screening event at three hospitals and one community center in Miami, Florida. Participants were recruited throughout the Greater Miami area. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the demographic characteristics of those who were aware of HPV and those who were not. Adjusted odds ratios, odds ratios, and χ2 tests were used in statistical analysis.ResultsA total of 196 women and 112 men were screened across four sites, with 187 participants at hospital‐based events and 124 participants at the community‐based event. Forty percent of respondents had heard of HPV, and 28.0% identified HPV as a risk factor for HNC. Non‐Hispanic and Hispanic respondents were 3.309 and 2.445 times, respectively, more likely than Haitian respondents to have heard of HPV. Women were 2.488 times more likely than men to be aware of HPV. College graduates were 2.268 times more likely than those with less than a college degree to be aware of HPV. Younger respondents were more likely to be aware of HPV. Of those who identified HPV as a risk factor for HNC, 95.4% also correctly identified smoking and 75.9% also correctly identified alcohol as risk factors.ConclusionsDisparities in HPV and HNC awareness were noted between gender, age, education level, and ethnicity.Level of EvidenceNA. Laryngoscope, 128:386–392, 2018