bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Use of Mobile Devices and Online Services by German Veterinary Students
Authors: Kasch Cindy , Haimerl Peggy , Arlt Sebastian , Heuwieser Wolfgang 
Published: July 2016

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> The research question of our study was to determine the adoption and use of mobile devices and online services by veterinary students.</p><p><strong>Background:</strong> New technologies support learning, communication and information transfer during the pre-professional years and the professional lifetime. Hence, mobile devices may also be a feasible tool for information access for the practitioner at any place and any time, and consequently may support better informed clinical decision making.</p><p><strong>Evidentiary value:</strong> We conducted a survey among 124 German veterinary medical students in their third year with a median age of 23.0 years.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> The survey was conducted during a lecture and contained 10 questions with preset answers to be ticked and a free text comment section. Participation was voluntary and data processing was performed anonymously. </p><p><strong>Results:</strong> According to the answers of surveyed third year students 84.7% used a smartphone as a mobile device. The vast majority of the veterinary students used Google, Facebook and WhatsApp besides other applications. </p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Most students are familiar with mobile devices and the use of social media and information tools. Thus, new learning strategies could be developed and applied that encompass mobile online learning and information access. These strategies could help to better address different learning types, provide sufficient interactivity and feedback and enable veterinarians to seek and share information via the internet. However, despite promising results reporting a positive educational effect, these perceptions need to be validated in further research. In addition, it should be assessed in future surveys if veterinarians would use mobile online access to scientific data or Knowledge Summaries for better informed decision making in practice.</p><p><strong>Application:</strong> Veterinary students, and thus the next generation of veterinary practitioners, are using mobile devices to a high extent. This paves the way to refine existing and to develop new education strategies. New information tools for mobile devices may help veterinarians to seek and share information. In addition, it might be worthwhile to teach veterinary students and practitioners how to search for and appraise online scientific information.</p><p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" /></p>
A FILOSOFIA E A QUESTÃO DE DEUS: UM NOVO ENFOQUE SISTEMÁTICO
Authors: Puntel Lorenz B. 
Published: July 2016

Resumo: O presente artigo visa a reformular radicalmente a questão de Deus. A tese inicial estabelece que as diferentes maneiras de entender e tratar esta questão pressupõem uma questão fundamental que é em geral universalmente ignorada, a saber: a questão “sobre que” se pergunta propriamente quando se pergunta sobre Deus? O artigo responde primeiramente criticando a categoria das numerosas e muito conhecidas assim chamadas provas da existência de Deus; a seguir apresenta uma resposta normativa formulando a seguinte tese central: Perguntar por “Deus”, ou seja, tratar efetivamente a questão e dar-lhe uma resposta racional sob todos os aspectos, só tem filosoficamente um sentido inteligível e adequado no contexto de uma concepção abrangente da realidade, o que significa mais exatamente: no contexto de uma teoria sistemática do Ser como tal e no seu todo. A seguir os elementos centrais desta teoria são apresentados na brevidade que um simples artigo impõe.Abstract: The article aims at radically reformulating the so-called question of God. It initially contends that the many and quite different ways of asking and treating the question presuppose a prior fundamental question that is generally almost completely ignored, namely: What is being asked exactly when one asks the question of God? The article answers this question first by criticizing some the numerous attempts to prove God‘s existence. Hereafter it presents a normative answer by formulating a central thesis: It is philosophically reasonable, intelligible, and appropriate to raise the question about “God”, effectively to deal with it, and to provide an answer to it that is rational and well-founded in every respect only within the framework of a comprehensive theory of reality or – more exactly – of Being as such and as a whole. The remainder of the article is devoted to briefly presenting a sketch of the essential points of such a theory.
RECENSÕES
Authors: Vários VV. AA. 
Published: July 2016

Como é sabido pelo público brasileiro dedicado ao estudo da filosofia, G. Reale, falecido em 15 de outubro do ano passado, notabilizou-se como um dos grandes nomes da historiografia filosófica de língua italiana dos séculos XX e XXI, adquirindo relevo, nesse âmbito, principalmente por seus trabalhos consagrados à interpretação e à compreensão do rico pensamento especulativo que, a pouco e pouco e por meio das mais variadas vicissitudes históricas, foi-se elaborando no curso do longo e complexo desenvolvimento intelectual e espiritual da Antiguidade.
Prevalence and Clinical Profile of Fungal Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Suresh Sandeep , Arumugam Dayanand , Zacharias George , Palaninathan Sengottaiah , Vishwanathan Ravisankar , Venkatraman Vaidyanathan 
Published: July 2016

Background There are only a few landmark studies from the Indian subcontinent on fungal rhinosinusitis. The lack of awareness among clinicians regarding the varying clinical presentations of fungal rhinosinusitis prompted us to undertake this study. Objective To determine the prevalence, etiologic basis, clinical features, radiologic features, and microscopic features of fungal rhinosinusitis, and to evaluate the various treatment modalities available. Methods This was a prospective study in which evaluation of 100 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis was done. Specimens collected were subjected to both microbiology and pathologic examination; data collected, including clinical and radiologic features, were analyzed by the Pearson χ2 test and Fisher's exact test. Results The prevalence of fungal rhinosinusitis in our study was 30% (n = 30). Mucor was the most commonly isolated species (n = 15 [50%]) of fungus. Pathologic examination had a higher sensitivity (76.67%) compared with microbiology tests (50%) in the diagnosis of fungal rhinosinusitis. Fungus ball (n = 14 [46.6%]) was the most prevalent entity in the spectrum of fungal rhinosinusitis. Forty percent of cases (n = 12) were of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis. The prevalence of fungal rhinosinusitis was higher among individuals who were immunocompetent (n = 17 [56.6%]). Of patients who were immunocompromised, 84.6% (n = 11) had mucormycosis. Conclusions Unilateral involvement of paranasal sinuses was more in favor of fungal etiology. Complications were more common in fungal rhinosinusitis caused by Mucor species. Mucormycosis, a rare clinical entity, in subjects who were immunocompetent, had a high prevalence in our study.
Pain During Prolonged Sitting Is a Common Problem in Persons With Patellofemoral Pain
Authors: Collins Natalie J. , Vicenzino Bill , van der Heijden Rianne A. , van Middelkoop Marienke 
Published: July 2016

Study Design Retrospective cohort. Background Although persons with patellofemoral pain (PFP) often report pain with prolonged sitting, little is known about the prevalence and characteristics of sitting pain. Objectives To describe the proportion of persons with PFP who experience problems with prolonged sitting and to determine patient characteristics associated with sitting pain. Methods Four hundred fifty-eight participants with a diagnosis of PFP from 4 separate studies were included. Item 8 of the Anterior Knee Pain Scale was used to define the presence of problems with prolonged sitting with knee flexion, based on 3 categories: (1) “no difficulty,” (2) “pain after exercise,” or (3) “problems with prolonged sitting.” Differences in demographic and clinical variables between categories were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis tests (P<.05). Results Two hundred forty-nine (54.4% of the study sample) participants reported problems with prolonged sitting, and 121 (26.4%) reported sitting pain after exercise. Compared to those with no difficulty sitting (n = 88), participants classified as having problems with prolonged sitting were significantly younger (P = .038), more likely to be female (P = .033), had a lower body mass index (P = .027), reported higher pain severity (P<.001) and lower Anterior Knee Pain Scale scores (P<.001), and more frequently reported problems with squatting (P<.001). Conclusion Problems with prolonged sitting are evident in more than half of persons with PFP. Findings highlight the need to identify and adequately manage PFP associated with prolonged sitting. Further research should explore mechanisms of sitting pain and evaluate targeted interventions to reduce PFP with prolonged sitting. Level of Evidence Symptom prevalence study, level 2b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(8):658–663. Epub 3 Jul 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6470
A quick analysis in relation to the electronic commerce of performance- and image-enhancing drugs based on the infrastructure of the world wide web
Authors: Lutfi Ahmed M. 
Published: July 2016

Aims and Objectives: Performance- and Image-Enhancing Drugs (PIEDs) refer to all known forms of substances, that can enhance either the morphology or the physiological performance or both simultaneously. The exponential rise of electronic commerce (e-commerce) for PIEDs is a major public issue, for which control protocols are to be deployed.Materials and Methods: It would be a waste of time and resources to track and/or shut down all PIED-promoting websites one by one. Cyberspace is vast; the PIED “product managers” will always adapt to surveillance-control policies over their illegitimate online businesses. A more rational approach would be to track, challenge, and tackle the same resources upon which PIED electronic commerce is based: the infrastructure of the World Wide Web (the Internet).Results: Concerning PIED e-commerce, the main resources are Google and AOL (search engines); YouTube, Wikipedia, and Facebook (social media sites); and Alibaba, Amazon, and eBay (major e-commerce websites).Conclusion: Illegal PIED e-commerce became a major public problem. The major drivers are the Internet search engines, social media sites, and major e-commerce websites. Effective protocols toward these resources would hinder any future progress of this illegitimate worldwide phenomenon.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(4) 2016 88-93
Correlation of D-Dimer level with outcome in traumatic brain injury
Authors: Subedi Pradip Prasad , Shilpakar Sushil Krishna 
Published: July 2016

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common neurosurgical emergency and a common public health problem with high mortality and long term morbidity. The cost incurred by TBI is immense. The major determinant of outcome following TBI is the severity of the primary injury. However, secondary injuries including coagulopathy are treatable prognostic factors. Many studies have revealed that coagulopathy of trauma depicted by increasing level of D-dimer is associated with poor prognosis in TBI. So, early dectection and correction of such abnormality is very important in management of TBI.Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted at Department of Surgery TUTH (Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital), Kathmandu,Nepal over a period of one year. One hundred and forty eight patients of TBI were included in the study. Clinical profile of the patients and D-dimer level were monitored during the hospital course. D-dimer level was correlated with outcome variables including duration of hospital stay, duration of Intensive care unit (ICU) stay and Glasgow outcome scale (GOS).Results: A total of 194 patients were admitted with the diagnosis of traumatic brain injury during the study period and out of them 148 patients were enrolled for the study. Out of 148 patients one hundred and twenty (81.1%) were males and twenty eight (18.9%) were females. The mean age was 29.71±18.07 and the age ranged from 1 to 78 years. Seventy (47.3%) patient were between 21 to 40 years of age. The mean duration of hospital stay was 9.83±13.58 days and the mean duration of ICU stay was 3.78±7.06 days. Contusion was the most common lesion in our patients. Of the patients studied 111 patients (75%) had good recovery with GOS of 5, 9 patients (6.1%) had GOS of 4, 6 patients (4.1%) had GOS of 3, 1 patients (0.7%) had GOS of 2 and 21 patients (14.1%) had GOS of 1. Normal D-dimer was seen in 102 patients (68.9%) and elevated D-dimer in 46 patients (31.1%). Man –Whitney test shows higher D-dimer levels positively correlated with duration of hospital stay, duration of ICU stay and Glasgow Outcome Scale. Pearson chi-square test revealed higher levels of D-dimer correlated with grade of injury but not with mode of injury.Conclusion: D-dimer is elevated in significant proportion of patients with TBI and abnormal D-dimer level is associated with poor outcome in TBI.Journal of Society of Surgeons of Nepal Vol.17(1) 2014: 21-30
Beyond ICT: How industrial design could contribute to HCI research
Authors: Thies Anna , Ljungblad Sara , Stewart Claesson Iréne 
Published: July 2016

Thiss paper Takes an industrial design practitioner perspective to re ect on the articulation of ’design’ in Human Com- puter Interaction (HCI) research – one of several research fields, articulating and contributing to design knowledge. The paper critically reflects on the importance of more holistic perspectives for design activities, and the articulation of design in HCI research. We argue that industrial design practitioners can contribute to HCI research by broadening the design knowledge and the practice within the eld not to view ICT as a self-evident part of either a solution or as a tool in the process of specifying the problem or finding a solution. This may not only improve the articulation of design and design activities, but more importantly point towards an opportunity to support more socially and environmentally sustainable solutions in society.
Wisdom of the Crowd: How Participatory Design has evolved Design Briefing
Authors: Murphy Emma , Hands David 
Published: July 2016

This case example has discussed the significant and important role of the residents in determining a new all embracing vision for the Royds estates, that not only aims to reduce crime but to create a social and environmentally sustainable future for the residents.
Firstly, the input of Stephen Town, Architectural Liaison Officer, has been considerable in terms of driving consultation and the engagement of residents; secondly, Tony Dylak, Director of Royds Housing Association, his vision and ability to listen and support the wishes of the residents has been immense. Combined, it is suggested that the design briefing stages was the catalyst for change and the mutual sharing of vision.
The design briefing process provided a platform for all stakeholders to envision a future for the estates, providing a common ground for residents, the police, housing authorities and architects to meet, discuss and implement the wishes of everyone that embraces a crime-reduced future.
Referring back to the central focus of this paper, the 5 key drivers for participatory engagement are clearly explicit within the case discussion.
Firstly, the designer’s role within the initial briefing stages embraced a wider remit of responsibility. They carefully orchestrated a series of planned events to both appeal and entice the residents to the consultation ‘roadshows’.
Secondly, with the opportunity to meaningfully participate and be an equal part of the consultation process, the residents responded wholeheartedly to expressing their requirements and ambitions to reinforce positive changes within the design and development process. As such, this then leads us to the issue of blurring boundaries between the various domains of knowledge, which traditionally remained distinctly separate and isolated. With the erosion of these perceived ‘boundaries’ by the residents, they actively engaged through all stages of the project duration, often contributing specialist knowledge and experiential understanding of complex design considerations.
Roles of externalisation activities in the design process
Authors: Babapour Chafi Maral 
Published: July 2016

Designers engage in various activities, dealing with different materials and media to externalise and represent their form ideas. This paper presents a review of design research literature regarding externalisation activities in design process: sketching, building physical models and digital modelling. The aim has been to review research on the roles of media and representations in design processes, and highlight knowledge gaps and questions for future research.
Efficacy of Sofosbuvir plus Ribavirin in Treatment-Naive Patients with Genotype-1 and -3 HCV Infection: Results from a Russian Phase IIIb Study
Authors: Isakov Vasily , Zhdanov Konstantin , Kersey Kathryn , Svarovskaia Evguenia , Massetto Benedetta , Zhu Yanni , Knox Steven J , Bakulin Igor , Chulanov Vladimir 
Published: July 2016

Background In this Phase IIIb study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of the oral nucleotide analogue inhibitor sofosbuvir plus ribavirin, with special attention given to viral resistance, in Russian patients with HCV geno-type-1 or -3. Methods Treatment-naive patients with and without compensated cirrhosis were randomized (1:1) to receive 16 or 24 weeks of once-daily sofosbuvir 400 mg plus twice-daily oral ribavirin 1,000 or 1,200 mg/day. The primary efficacy end point was the proportion of patients with sustained viral response 12 weeks after the end of treatment (SVR12). Viral resistance testing was performed by deep sequencing on all baseline samples and for patients who experienced virological failure. Results SVR12 rates for patients with genotype-1 HCV were 50% and 76% for those in the 16-week and 24-week groups, respectively, and for patients with geno-type-3 HCV, SVR12 rates were 87% and 90% for patients in the 16-week and 24-weeks groups, respectively. Geno-type-1 patients with the L159F resistance-associated variant who received 16 weeks of treatment had lower SVR12 rates than those without, but in patients who received 24 weeks of treatment, response rates were similar in those with and without L159F (80% versus 74%). Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin was well tolerated with no deaths, adverse event-related study drug discontinuations, or grade 3 or 4 adverse events, and few grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities. Conclusions Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for 16 or 24 weeks was associated with a high SVR rate in patients with HCV genotype-3. Among HCV genotype-1b patients, the presence of the L159F variant at baseline was associated with a lower SVR rate in those treated for 16 weeks but not in those treated for 24 weeks. Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin was safe and well tolerated regardless of treatment duration. Clinicaltrials.gov number NCT01896193.
De la mesure au sens de la mesure
Authors: David Pierre-Marie 
Published: July 2016

Pour donner sens à la mesure, il faut la rapporter à un système de valeurs qui en permet l’évaluation et le jugement. Voilà le parti pris théorique qui sous-tend cet article consacré aux pratiques d’écriture de la lutte contre le sida à partir d’une approche à l’intersection de l’anthropologie politique de la santé et du domaine des science studies. Afin d’investiguer le passage et les éventuels blocages entre la mesure et le sens de cette mesure, je vais revenir sur l’histoire de la mise en place de systèmes d’indicateurs pour accompagner les traitements du sida en République centrafricaine (RCA), un pays parmi les plus pauvres au monde et avec des capacités étatiques très faibles. L’article vise précisément à décrire et comprendre comment, dans ce contexte de grande incertitude matérielle et de violence structurelle, un système de mesure dans la lutte contre le sida s’est construit et dans un deuxième temps comment les mesures ont circulé à l’intersection du global et du local ; formant ce que nous appelons une économie scripturaire. La réflexion s’articule donc autour de deux axes. Un premier qui présentera la mise en place des pratiques, des outils de connaissances et de mesure de l’infection par le VIH en RCA. Un deuxième abordera plus particulièrement les effets inattendus des usages de la mesure : de la performance à la perte du « sens de la mesure » avec le gel des financements d’un programme vital.
La fabrique locale des statistiques scolaires
Authors: Fichtner Sarah 
Published: July 2016

Fondé sur une recherche ethnographique de 12 mois dans une école primaire en zone rurale au Bénin, l’article s’intéresse aux « petits arrangements » autour de la fabrique locale des statistiques scolaires : entre exigences internationales, stratégies et marges de manœuvre locales. Au travers des exemples de deux variables clés qui informent la politique internationale de l’Éducation pour tous – l’effectif des élèves et leurs taux de redoublement – l’étude montre comment les acteurs impliqués dans l’arène scolaire font, représentent et gouvernent leur école par les chiffres. Dans cette perspective, les représentations chiffrées constituent surtout des outils de la micropolitique scolaire (notamment par rapport aux ressources budgétaires et la réputation de l’école) et de (l’auto)contrôle bureaucratique de ses acteurs, plutôt que des instruments fiables pour informer et contrôler la (macro)politique du développement.
Le risorse della Cardiologia Riabilitativa
Authors: Scardi Sabino 
Published: July 2016

Le UnitÃ Operative di riabilitazione sono al momento attuale le strutture che possiedono le migliori potenzialitÃ per garantire la continuitÃ della cura dei cardiopatici nel territorio, perchÃ© il cardiologo riabilitatore ha la cultura del cronico. Tuttavia lâ€™esiguitÃ delle strutture, le scarse potenzialitÃ , lâ€™insufficienza del personale, il numero crescente di utenti che necessitano di continuitÃ assistenziale (ad esempio anziani) limitano la potenzialitÃ dellâ€™intervento riabilitativo a lungo termine. In alternativa la costituzione di organici Centri Cardiologici Territoriali, dotati di personale e attrezzature adeguati, in stretta collaborazione con lâ€™ospedale e il medico di medicina generale, sarebbero in grado di raccordare la cura acuta con quella a lungo termine, avviando programmi di continuitÃ assistenziale per assicurare il follow-up dei malati.
IMPACTO DA EXPOSIÇÃO AO AMIANTO NA SAÚDE DA POPULAÇÃO ADULTA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Padilha Baran Fátima Denise , Garcia Paiano Lara Adrianne , Alves das Mercês Nen Nalú 
Published: July 2016

Objetivou-se identificar o impacto da exposição ao amianto na saúde da população adulta, nas publicações científicas. Revisão Integrativa de literatura realizada em bases de dados na área da saúde no período de 2005 a 2015. Foram selecionados 15 estudos. Verificou-se o impacto da exposição ao amianto na população adulta com o adoecimento por mesotelioma maligno, asbestose, câncer de pulmão, entre outros; a mortalidade por mesotelioma em trabalhadores conferiu prevalência significativa para o estudo. A taxa mortalidade é preocupante, haja visto que as possibilidades terapêuticas são limitadas. O impacto do amianto ultrapassa os aspectos biológicos, trazendo alterações psicoemocionais significativas na saúde da população. Destaca-se a importância do debate sobre o impacto do amianto na saúde do adulto, principalmente no campo da saúde do trabalhador sobre a necessidade do banimento de seu uso nos países que o mantém em escala industrial e comercial.