bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Questioning of Authentication and Epistemology in Tafsir al-Jilani
Authors: Masduqi Irwan 
Published: December 2015

<p><em>In this research, the author critically analyzes a biography of Shaikh ‘Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani containing sacred myths. The analyst of sacred myth about ‘Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani is based on the approach of applied anthropology to distinguish between the myths that have positive and negative values for Muslim society. This research then analyzes the authenticity of Tafsir al-Jilani and the epistemology of his inter- pretation. ‘Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani is the founder of Qadiriyah. Qadiriyah doctrines has been widely accepted by traditional Muslim groups in Muslim world, so that the study of Tafsir al-Jilani is very meaningful for the followers of Qadiriyah in particu- lar and the lovers of Quranic studies in general to increase their knowledge about the teachings of ‘Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani.</em></p>
Shia: Its History and Development in Indonesia
Authors: Hasyim Moh 
Published: December 2015

<p><em>Shia</em><em>h becomes a new problem in Indonesia after hundreds years of living together. Currently, treatment to Shiah tends to violate the principles of religious freedom. Therefore, it is necessary to know, how the history of the emergence of Shiah and its development in Indonesia? This is a library research using a critical analysis approach. This study found that the Syiah is a religious ideology which refers to the views of Saidina Ali (the fourth khalifat) and his descendants. This teaching emerged since the beginning of the khulafaurasidin. Shiah has developed dozens of religiousstreams due to disagreement and differences on the idea of Imamah. There are four stages of Shiah development in Indonesia, namely: Firstly, along with the arrival of Islam in Indonesia; Secondly, after the Islamic revolution in Iran; Thirdly, through Indonesian Muslim Intellectuals who studied in Iran, and Finally, during the open era there was an establishment of as association Jamaah Ahlul Bai’t Indonesia.</em></p>
Performance of School Principal at State Islamic Senior High School in Ex-Surakarta Region
Authors: Wahab Wahab 
Published: December 2015

<p><em>Thi</em><em>s research aims to identify the percentage of the influence of school Organization and motivation atmosphere on Principal’s performance at Madrasah Aliyah (state Islamic senor high school). This study employs a co-relational survey method. Results of the research show that: (1) average performance of the school principals is good especially on doing their main job and function; (2) the atmosphere of school organization influence significantly on the principal’s performance, the percentage of this influence to Principal performance is 71.30%; (3) work motivation affects significantly to principal performance, the percentage of this influence to principal’s performance is 73.80%; (4) Both school organization atmosphere and work motivation are significantly influential to principal’s performance, the percentage of these to principal’s performance is 78.70%, and (5) work motivation variable is the strongest contribution to influence principal’s performance at 51.60%.</em></p>
Fundamentalism in Plural Campus (The Study of Christians Students in the Post Graduate Program Gadjah Mada University)
Authors: Andrles Flavius Florls 
Published: December 2015

<p><em>Th</em><em>e fundamentalism movement is getting increase and has considerable influence in the academic circumstance. This research aimed to understand how to reconstruct an ideas about religion and how its implementation in the religious movement on the campus. This qualitative research with in-depth interview techniques, and participant observation was found that the religious movements from KMK community of UGM Post Graduate has strong fundamentalism character and traits with following indicators: more oriented to the increase of exclusively religious spiritual values growth from the growth of academic intellectual values that able to compete in the mid of Science and Technology (IPTEK) development rate. The other things found in this research were not sufficient discourse on the implementation of theological values in the community. The religious teachings internalization process is using an indoctrination approach, so, the hermeneutic principles which the basis of the Bible interpretation process is ignored and finally the interpretation result were literal and fatal. On the other part there is PERKANTAS fundamentalism ideology influence that rooted in understanding the Bible literally affected the discourses in KMK community that eventually the religious understanding and movement has fundamental character.</em></p>
Semen quality and fertility of Bama miniature pig (Sus scrofa domestica)
Authors: Zhang Shibin , Guo Kuonan , Kong1 Deying , Liu Yu , Shang* Haitao , Wei* Hong 
Published: December 2015

Semen quality and fertility of Bama miniature pig and the effect of season on these parameters were determined in this study. Results were as follows: the overall mean ejaculate volume, 55.71 ± 15.21 ml; sperm concentration, 0.66 ± 0.22 × 108/ml; sperm motility, 65.39% ± 16.45%; abnormal sperm percentage, 12.16% ± 7.70%; farrowing rate, 76.44%; litter size, 7.74 ± 2.46. It showed that the semen quality and fertility of Bama miniature pigs were lower than the normal level of the larger commercial and local breeds. In terms of the effect of season, we noted that the semen quality and fertility of Bama miniature pigs were not worst in summer. This may indicate that Bama miniature pig is a relative heat-tolerant breed in comparison to larger commercial and local breeds. These findings in this study could provide reference material for improve management and husbandry in practice and for using Bama miniature pigs as animal model especially in male fertility studies.
Investigating the effect of social capital on delinquency of 15-to-19-year-old juveniles in shiraz
Authors: Adelmand Zinab , Adelmand Fatemeh , Adelmand Tahmineh , Zarnaghash Maryam 
Published: December 2015

<p>The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of social capital on 15-to-19-year-old juveniles’ delinquency. Regarding this objective, Yang internet addiction questionnaire (1996) was used to collect the data. This questionnaire contains 20questions classified in some groups. Results of Multivariate Regression Analysis for explaining delinquency indicate that among the variables selected in the analytical model of this study, 5 factors(religious life style, modern life style (friends network), family control, communications (the relationship between social capital and the groups), the respondents’ fathers’ income) have had a significant effect on delinquency and have remained in the equation. After entering these five variables, the entry of new variables have been stopped. In fact, these five variables totally explain 36/1% changes of the dependent variable (delinquency.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: delinquency, Social Capital</p>
Ecosystem service availability in view of long‐term land‐use changes: a regional case study in the czech republic
Authors: Frélichová Jana , Fanta Josef 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
This study aims to analyze how changes in land use influenced the delivery of ecosystem services in Cezava, a South Moravian agricultural region in the Czech Republic, in the period of 1845–2010. An observation of this period covering more than 160 years made it possible to reflect on social forces driving processes of transformation in the country. To capture the landscape multifunctionality and to indicate the environmental quality of the area under study, seven services provided in parallel by arable land, forests, and bodies of water were studied. The quantification of ecosystem services is based primarily on the transfer of values from the existing literature and on chronicle reviews and map analysis. Because looking back to the more distant past is a challenge and reliable information resources are lacking, a simple scoring method defining the functional features of the ecosystems was applied in order to evaluate the change of qualitative characteristics of the observed ecosystems. Besides that, the findings of these integrated assessments were supported by an analysis performed using landscape metrics. A comparison of service provision over the decades revealed that regulating and cultural services were significantly reduced, while provisioning services increased due to the proliferation of arable land, land consolidation, and agricultural intensification. However, a trend of improvement in the delivery of ecosystem services was introduced after 1990. Despite several uncertainties, this study demonstrates that it is possible to analyze long‐term land‐use trends to generate more meaningful, spatially explicit information, which can form the basis for landscape planning and ecosystem management.
Numerical taxonomy of <i>Abelmoschus</i> Medik. (Malvaceae) in India
Authors: Patil Pravin , Sutar Shrikant , Malik Surendra Kumar , John Joseph , Yadav Shrirang , Bhat Kangila Venkataraman 
Published: December 2015

In the present study, numerical taxonomy approach has been used for the first time to access the taxonomy and species relationships of Abelmoschus. Sixteen Abelmoschus taxa were subjected to cluster analysis using 52 diagnostic characters related to root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit and seed. In this analysis, the first six principal components (PCs) accounted for the total variance of 79.22%. Similarity values for all 17 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) ranged from 0.18 to 0.82 with an average of 0.34. Abelmoschus sagittifolius showed maximum similarity value of 0.82 with A. moschatus subsp. tuberosus. On the other hand, minimum similarity values (0.18) were observed between A. tuberculatus and A. moschatus subsp. tuberosus, A. tuberculatus and A. sagittifolius, A. palianus and A. moschatus subsp. tuberosus, and A. palianus and A. sagittifolius. Neighbour joining (NJ) cluster analysis clearly discriminated 17 OTUs into four major clusters. The present study also validates the utility of morphometric analysis of Abelmoschus with respect to the taxonomy and species relationships.Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 22(2): 87-98, 2015 (December)
Informative counterfactuals
Authors: Snider Todd , Bjorndahl Adam 
Published: December 2015

A single counterfactual conditional can have a multitude of interpretations that differ, intuitively, in the connection between antecedent and consequent. Using structural equation models (SEMs) to represent event dependencies, we illustrate various types of explanation compatible with a given counterfactual. We then formalize in the SEM framework the notion of an acceptable explanation, identifying the class of event dependencies compatible with a given counterfactual. Finally, by incorporating SEMs into possible worlds, we provide an update semantics with the enriched structure necessary for the evaluation of counterfactual conditionals.
DUST AND GAS IN THE DISK OF HL TAURI: SURFACE DENSITY, DUST SETTLING, AND DUST-TO-GAS RATIO
Authors: Pinte C. , Dent W. R. F. , Ménard F. , Hales A. , Hill T. , Cortes P. , Gregorio-Monsalvo I. de 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
The recent ALMA observations of the disk surrounding HL Tau reveal a very complex dust spatial distribution. We present a radiative transfer model accounting for the observed gaps and bright rings as well as radial changes of the emissivity index. We find that the dust density is depleted by at least a factor of 10 in the main gaps compared to the surrounding rings. Ring masses range from 10–100 M
⊕ in dust, and we find that each of the deepest gaps is consistent with the removal of up to 40 M
⊕ of dust. If this material has accumulated into rocky bodies, these would be close to the point of runaway gas accretion. Our model indicates that the outermost ring is depleted in millimeter grains compared to the central rings. This suggests faster grain growth in the central regions and/or radial migration of the larger grains. The morphology of the gaps observed by ALMA—well separated and showing a high degree of contrast with the bright rings over all azimuths—indicates that the millimeter dust disk is geometrically thin (scale height ≈1 AU at 100 AU) and that a large amount of settling of large grains has already occurred. Assuming a standard dust settling model, we find that the observations are consistent with a turbulent viscosity coefficient of a few 10−4. We estimate the gas/dust ratio in this thin layer to be of the order of 5 if the initial ratio is 100. The HCO+ and CO emission is consistent with gas in Keplerian motion around a 1.7 M
⊙ star at radii from ≤10–120 AU.
LIGHT-CURVE ANALYSIS OF NEON NOVAE
Authors: Hachisu Izumi , Kato Mariko 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
We analyzed light curves of five neon novae, QU Vul, V351 Pup, V382 Vel, V693 CrA, and V1974 Cyg, and determined their white dwarf (WD) masses and distance moduli on the basis of theoretical light curves composed of free–free and photospheric emission. For QU Vul, we obtained a distance of d ∼ 2.4 kpc, reddening of E(B − V) ∼ 0.55, and WD mass of M
WD = 0.82–

. This suggests that an oxygen–neon WD lost a mass of more than

since its birth. For V351 Pup, we obtained

,

, and

–

. For V382 Vel, we obtained

,

, and

–

. For V693 CrA, we obtained

,

, and

–

. For V1974 Cyg, we obtained

,

, and

–

. For comparison, we added the carbon–oxygen nova V1668 Cyg to our analysis and obtained

,

, and

–

. In QU Vul, photospheric emission contributes 0.4–0.8 mag at most to the optical light curve compared with free–free emission only. In V351 Pup and V1974 Cyg, photospheric emission contributes very little (0.2–0.4 mag at most) to the optical light curve. In V382 Vel and V693 CrA, free–free emission dominates the continuum spectra, and photospheric emission does not contribute to the optical magnitudes. We also discuss the maximum magnitude versus rate of decline relation for these novae based on the universal decline law.
IS THE SMALL-SCALE MAGNETIC FIELD CORRELATED WITH THE DYNAMO CYCLE?
Authors: Karak Bidya Binay , Brandenburg Axel 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
The small-scale magnetic field is ubiquitous at the solar surface—even at high latitudes. From observations we know that this field is uncorrelated (or perhaps even weakly anticorrelated) with the global sunspot cycle. Our aim is to explore the origin, and particularly the cycle dependence, of such a phenomenon using three-dimensional dynamo simulations. We adopt a simple model of a turbulent dynamo in a shearing box driven by helically forced turbulence. Depending on the dynamo parameters, large-scale (global) and small-scale (local) dynamos can be excited independently in this model. Based on simulations in different parameter regimes, we find that, when only the large-scale dynamo is operating in the system, the small-scale magnetic field generated through shredding and tangling of the large-scale magnetic field is positively correlated with the global magnetic cycle. However, when both dynamos are operating, the small-scale field is produced from both the small-scale dynamo and the tangling of the large-scale field. In this situation, when the large-scale field is weaker than the equipartition value of the turbulence, the small-scale field is almost uncorrelated with the large-scale magnetic cycle. On the other hand, when the large-scale field is stronger than the equipartition value, we observe an anticorrelation between the small-scale field and the large-scale magnetic cycle. This anticorrelation can be interpreted as a suppression of the small-scale dynamo. Based on our studies we conclude that the observed small-scale magnetic field in the Sun is generated by the combined mechanisms of a small-scale dynamo and tangling of the large-scale field.
STUDYING THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM AND THE INNER REGION OF NPS/LOOP 1 WITH SHADOW OBSERVATIONS TOWARD MBM36
Authors: Ursino E. , Galeazzi M. , Liu W. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
We analyzed data from a shadow observation of the high density molecular cloud MBM36 (l ∼ 4°, b ∼ 35°) with Suzaku. MBM36 is located in a region that emits relatively weakly in the 3/4 keV band compared to the surrounding North Polar Spur (NPS)/Loop 1 structure and the Galactic Bulge (GB). The contrast between high and low density targets in the MBM36 area allows one to separate the local and distant contributors to the soft diffuse X-ray background, providing a much better characterization of the individual components compared to single pointing observations. We identify two non-local thermal components, one at kT ≈ 0.12 keV and one at kT ≈ 0.29 keV. The colder component matches well with models of emission from the higher latitude region of the GB. The emission of the warmer component is in agreement with models predicting that the NPS is due to a hypershell from the center of the Milky Way. Geometrical and pressure calculations rule out a nearby bubble as responsible for the emission associated with the NPS. Any Galactic Halo/circumgalactic halo emission, if present, is outshined by the other components. We also report an excess emission around 0.9 keV, likely due to an overabundance of Ne ix.
WHAT CAN THE ALIGNMENTS OF THE VELOCITY MOMENTS TELL US ABOUT THE NATURE OF THE POTENTIAL?
Authors: An J. , Evans N. W. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
We prove that, if the time-independent distribution function

of a steady-state stellar system is symmetric under velocity inversion such that

and the same is true for v
2 and v
3, where

is the velocity component projected onto an orthogonal frame, then the potential within which the system is in equilibrium must be separable (i.e., the Stäckel potential). Furthermore, we find that the Jeans equations imply that, if all mixed second moments of the velocity vanish; that is,

for any

, in some Stäckel coordinate system and the only non-vanishing fourth moments in the same coordinate are those in the form of

or

, then the potential must be separable in the same coordinates. Finally we also show that all second and fourth velocity moments of tracers with an odd power to the radial component v

r
being zero is a sufficient condition to guarantee the potential to be of the form

.
Apparenter la pensée ?
Authors: Fisler Marie , Crémière Cédric , Lecointre Guillaume 
Published: December 2015

La métaphore de l’« arbre » est utilisée dans la littérature scientifique de manière peu précise. L’arbre incite à penser une racine, des bourgeonnements, et renvoie presque automatiquement à la généalogie. De même, à partir d’elle, les usages de la notion de « phylogénie » ne sont pas très calibrés. Après avoir passé en revue divers types d’arbres et le contexte de leur utilisation (mathématique, théorique, empirique, synthétique), nous préciserons ce qu’on appelle une phylogénie. Ces précisions apportées permettent de rappeler comment se construisent les graphes dont le rôle est de mettre en cohérence des partages d’attributs entre entités à classer. Ces graphes ne sont pas nécessairement généalogiques. On peut s’en servir dès qu’on a de bonnes raisons de produire des catégories emboîtées d’entités dont on veut mesurer la cohérence globale. Ces entités peuvent être des concepts savants. À titre d’exemple, ce travail est fait sur l’histoire de la métaphore de l’arbre (du vivant) en sciences naturelles, laquelle devient progressivement un concept scientifique. Ce travail permet de catégoriser plus précisément les « arbres du vivant » produits par différents penseurs. Enfin, de manière ultime, on peut utiliser les graphes produits pas seulement pour la catégorisation, mais aussi pour représenter la phylogénie des concepts savants – si nous avons de bonnes raisons théoriques pour le faire, c’est-à-dire en s’autorisant à penser une filiation avec modification des concepts savants.
Apparenter la pensée ?
Authors: Lechevrel Nadège 
Published: December 2015

Le nombre d’articles en ligne dans le domaine de l’évolution du langage a augmenté de façon spectaculaire depuis les années 2000 au point qu’il est devenu parfois difficile de traiter cette littérature manuellement. Nous proposons de construire un corpus de publications (du domaine) extraites de bases de données internet et de l’examiner quantitativement à l’aide du logiciel de statistique TXM développé par une équipe de Lyon. Nous utilisons l’étude quantitative des formes de ce corpus dans le but de sérier automatiquement un grand nombre de publications traitant d’évolution des langues et du langage, et d’extraire des informations pertinentes (de nature thématique, lexicale ; par auteurs ou groupes d’auteurs, etc.) pour l’étude des liens entre sciences naturelles et sciences du langage au XXI e siècle.
Prédication seconde et (non-)marquage de la liaison
Authors: Pierrard Michel , Havu Eva 
Published: December 2015

L'objectif de cette contribution est d'affiner l'appréhension de la notion de marquage dans un contexte de « liaison » de prédications et d'examiner les possibilités de lier deux prédications sans signaler l'opération par la présence d'un mot spécifique. La réflexion sera basée sur le fonctionnement de divers types de prédication seconde dans lesquelles la liaison de prédications peut se réaliser sous des configurations syntaxiques diverses et où il est possible de relever des occurrences aux caractéristiques fort différentes du point de vue de la liaison de prédications et de leur marquage. L'exploitation de quatre variables iconiques de connexion (Givón 1990, 1995) permettra de déterminer des degrés différents de marquage de la jonction entre prédications, ce qui nous amènera à dépasser l'équation simpliste marquage du lien = présence d'un marqueur .
Le travail sur les représentations des lignées paternelle et maternelle lors de l’accès à la paternité. Recherche exploratoire
Authors: Senécal Isabelle , Garon Roseline , Saucier Jean-François 
Published: December 2015

Bien qu’il soit reconnu que les pères jouent un rôle important dès la grossesse et que l’état d’esprit des pères influence leur manière d’exercer leur rôle, il existe peu d’études sur le processus psychique de la paternalisation. Notre recherche apporte un éclairage sur ce thème par l’étude des changements dans les représentations qu’ont les hommes de leur père, de leur mère, de leur conjointe et d’eux-mêmes à cette période. Les données ont été recueillies via quatre entretiens auprès de sept hommes entre le sixième mois pré-partum et le cinquième mois post-partum. Les données ont fait l’objet d’une analyse de contenu semi-automatisée. Les résultats suggèrent que le travail psychique de la paternalisation se décline en différentes strates. Nous avons obtenu deux séries de résultats laissant supposer deux types de travaux psychiques : l’un est organisé selon une logique générationnelle et l’autre selon la logique des lignées maternelle et paternelle des représentations.