bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defining “significant weight loss” in atypical anorexia nervosa
Authors: Forney K. Jean , Brown Tiffany A. , Holland‐Carter Lauren A. , Kennedy Grace A. , Keel Pamela K. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectiveAtypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) is defined by the symptoms of anorexia nervosa in the presence of “significant weight loss” in individuals who are not underweight. Description of current weight in AAN has been limited, significant weight loss has not been defined, and the distinction between having AAN versus having weight suppression has not been examined.MethodSecondary analyses were conducted with data from an epidemiological study of women (n = 1,640) and men (n = 794). Three definitions of significant weight loss (5, 10, and 15%) for AAN were tested in comparisons with controls and a DSM‐5 eating disorder group (DSM‐5 ED) on measures of eating pathology and clinical significance using ANCOVA and logistic regression, controlling for age and body mass index. Secondary analyses compared AAN to a weight suppressed group (WS‐only) and a cognitive concerns group (COG‐only).ResultsAcross weight loss thresholds, ≥25% of adults with AAN were currently overweight/obese. At the 5% and 10% definitions, AAN was associated with elevated eating pathology and distress relative to controls, WS‐only, and COG‐only in women and men. Women with AAN endorsed less eating pathology and distress than DSM‐5 ED at some weight loss definitions, whereas men with AAN did not differ from DSM‐5 ED in eating pathology or distress.DiscussionResults support that even a 5% weight loss, combined with cognitive concerns, may produce a group with a clinically significant eating disorder. AAN was observed in both healthy weight and overweight/obese adults, highlighting the importance of screening for restrictive eating disorders at all weights.
A single multiplex of twelve microsatellite markers for the simultaneous study of the brown hare (Lepus europaeus) and the mountain hare (Lepus timidus)
Authors: Beugin Marie‐Pauline , Letty Jérôme , Kaerle Cécile , Guitton Jean‐Sébastien , Muselet Lina , Queney Guillaume , Pontier Dominique 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe management of hunted species is challenging, as it must conciliate the conservation of species and their sustainable exploitation. Nongenetic tools are widely used in this context but they may present limitations notably when species can hybridize or when large‐scale spatial monitoring is required to establish optimal management actions. This is why genetic tools have been more and more integrated in wildlife management practices. However, the markers proposed are often amplified in small multiplexes when larger ones could allow to better cope with the small quantities of DNA obtained with noninvasive sampling methods. Here, we propose a unique multiplex of 12 autosomal microsatellite markers for the study of two hare species that exist in sympatry in some areas in Europe and are hunted notably in France: the brown hare Lepus europaeus and the mountain hare L. timidus. We tested 17 markers previously used in these two species or other lagomorph species, from which 12 were included in this single multiplex. Diversity was between 4 and 30 alleles per locus totaling 126 alleles, and we showed that these markers possess appropriate genetic resolution for individual and species identification for the populations under study. This multiplex panel represents the largest number of microsatellites amplified in one reaction proposed for these two hare species and provides a cost‐effective and valuable tool for further hybridization studies and the management of hares.
Towards the co‐ordination of terrestrial ecosystem protocols across European research infrastructures
Authors: Firbank Les G. , Bertora Chiara , Blankman David , Delle Vedove Gemini , Frenzel Mark , Grignani Carlo , Groner Elli , Kertész Miklós , Krab Eveline J. , Matteucci Giorgio , Menta Christina , Mueller Carsten W. , Stadler Jutta , Kunin William E. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe study of ecosystem processes over multiple scales of space and time is often best achieved using comparable data from multiple sites. Yet, long‐term ecological observatories have often developed their own data collection protocols. Here, we address this problem by proposing a set of ecological protocols suitable for widespread adoption by the ecological community. Scientists from the European ecological research community prioritized terrestrial ecosystem parameters that could benefit from a more consistent approach to data collection within the resources available at most long‐term ecological observatories. Parameters for which standard methods are in widespread use, or for which methods are evolving rapidly, were not selected. Protocols were developed by domain experts, building on existing methods where possible, and refined through a process of field testing and training. They address above‐ground plant biomass; decomposition; land use and management; leaf area index; soil mesofaunal diversity; soil C and N stocks, and greenhouse gas emissions from soils. These complement existing methods to provide a complete assessment of ecological integrity. These protocols offer integrated approaches to ecological data collection that are low cost and are starting to be used across the European Long Term Ecological Research community.
Current Superimposition Variable Flux Reluctance Motor
Authors: KOHARA AKIRA , HIRATA KATSUHIRO , NIGUCHI NOBORU , OHNO YUKI 
Published: April 2017

SUMMARYThis paper proposes a novel variable flux reluctance motor without dc‐field coils. The stator of this motor has only armature coils. The proposed motor can control the torque‐speed characteristics by increasing or decreasing the field voltage that is superimposed on the armature currents. In this paper, the operational principle of the motor is described, and the N–T characteristics are computed by finite element analysis under vector control. In addition, the N–T characteristics are compared with a conventional variable flux reluctance machine with armature and dc‐field coils.
Isolated Ac/Dc Converter Using Soft Switching Technique
Authors: SUZUKI KAZUMA , ISOZAKI JUNPEI , KITAGAWA WATARU , TAKESHITA TAKAHARU 
Published: April 2017

SUMMARYThis paper presents a high‐frequency isolated ac/dc converter using the soft switching technique. The ac/dc converter consists of a matrix converter for transforming three‐phase ac voltage to high‐frequency ac voltage, a high‐frequency transformer, and an ac/dc rectifier. In order to reduce the switching loss, soft switching at every commutation of the matrix converter and ac/dc converter is achieved. The effectiveness of the proposed converter and the control scheme was verified by experiments.
Study on the volatile compounds generated from lipid oxidation of Chinese bacon (unsmoked) during processing
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhang Xin , Wang Ying , Pan Daodong , Sun Yangying , Cao Jinxuan 
Published: April 2017

In order to investigate the generation of aroma in Chinese bacon (unsmoked), the changes of lipolysis, lipid oxidation, and volatile compounds derived from lipid oxidation (VCDFLO) during processing were analyzed. The results showed that acid lipase activity decreased during the entire process, while neutral lipase and lipoxygenase (LOX) increased from raw meat to the 1 day of dry‐ripening then decreased. Phospholipase increased during dry‐curing then decreased during dry‐ripening. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances increased from raw meat to the 7 days of dry‐ripening thereafter decreased. Total free fatty acids increased at the end of 1 day of dry‐ripening and decreased subsequently. Thirty‐five VCDFLO were identified; the total peak area of these compounds increased by almost double at the 4 days of dry‐ripening than raw meat and indicated 47.37–50.85% of total 78 volatile compounds in the final products. In conclusion, VCDFLO generation was attributed to lipid‐related enzymes and contributed mainly to the aroma.Practical applications: Chinese bacon (unsmoked) usually produced from high intramuscular fat pork has more intense and long‐lasting aroma, since intramuscular triglycerides are good precursors for most volatile compounds. Understanding the mechanism of aroma formation related to lipid oxidation could help us to improve the product quality and optimize the duration of processing. Therefore, the present work identified the characteristic flavor compounds and provided the changing regularity of these compounds at various stages to facilitate the generation of them by regulating lipases and lipoxygenase (LOX) activities.The work showed that neutral lipase and lipoxygenase (LOX) played important roles during dry‐curing and dry‐ripening. The regulation of lipases and LOX activities can facilitate the generation of volatile compounds of Chinese bacon (unsmoked).
The ePrep‐System: A new electrophoretic approach for DNA isolation from biological samples
Authors: Kueppers Corinna , Schlappa Sabine , Bogdoll Annette , Breitkopf Lothar , Seip Nicole , Singer Thorsten 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe present a new free‐flow electrophoretic separation system that extends the established concepts of nucleic acid migration in an electric field to a broadly applicable preparative scale. The system comprises a disposable flow tube in which the target nucleic acids are separated from impurities by a balanced combination of electrophoretic migration and counter‐streaming electroosmotic flow under the influence of an applied external electric field. Despite the complex theoretical background the introduced electrophoretic technology offers simple hardware setup and handling protocols. A variable number of small and disposable flow tubes can be processed in parallel, which largely eliminates the cumulative increase in extraction times inherent to batch processing methods and allows faster throughput of intermediate sample numbers. We demonstrate easy isolation of nucleic acids without user interaction during the run by using existing and well established lysis chemistries. Sample loading is realized by concentrated transfer of DNA‐loaded magnetic beads from a lysis reaction into the extraction flow tube. The present study centers on the development of a functional model for the device and the flow tube as well as a preliminary standard extraction protocol. The system is compatible with a broad range of sample types and we present proof of principle data demonstrating its suitability for biomarker detection in translational research applications.
Impedance Spectroscopy Screening of Various Nanocrystalline Metal Oxides: Effect of Lithiation on Electrical Properties
Authors: Cloud Jacqueline E. , Guild Curtis J. , Biswas Sourav , Suib Steven L. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe electronic and crystalline properties of solid complex materials dictate performance in electrochemical applications, such as electrodes or solid electrolytes in solid‐state lithium ion power systems. Herein, we perform variable‐temperature two‐electrode impedance spectroscopy on a variety of nanocrystalline metal oxides to investigate their relative total conductivities and the kinetics of vacancy formation. Lithiated and unlithiated first‐row transition metal oxides (manganese, iron, cobalt, and nickel) with various crystal structures, surface areas, and morphologies were investigated. Characterization of these materials by XRD, SEM, and TEM was performed to investigate the physiochemical properties and changes imparted by chemical lithiation, specifically on the textural properties. Activation energies derived from Arrhenius plots were found to vary between 17 and 33 kJ mol−1 for the systems studied. Lithiated nickel oxide was observed to provide the lowest activation energy and highest conductivity of the studied systems. The relatively low electrical conductivity suggests conductive additives must be used to facilitate electron transfer in electrodes for these materials; however, the improved conductivity compared to nonporous “bulk” commercial oxide systems suggests these to be promising active materials for electrochemical applications.
Physicochemical and sensory attributes assessment of functional low‐fat yogurt produced by incorporation of barley bran and Lactobacillus acidophilus
Authors: Hasani Saber , Sari Abbas Ali , Heshmati Ali , Karami Mostafa 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze the effect of different amounts of barley bran (0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, and 1.2%) on the viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus and the physicochemical and sensory properties of low‐fat yogurt during storage period (28 days). Results showed that L. acidophilus number and viscosity in samples containing barley bran was significantly higher than the control group (p < .05). High levels of barley bran (1.2%) decreased sensory prosperity scores and led to viscosity increment; although sensory prosperity scores of samples containing 0.6% barley bran did not show significant difference with control sample, while the number of L. acidophilus in this treatment was higher than minimal acceptable level (106 CFU/g). Therefore, level of 0.6% of barley bran is recommended for symbiotic yogurt production. According to the present study, a positive correlation was observed between barley bran concentrations in the yogurt with L. acidophilus number.
Improving scope sensitivity in contingent valuation: Joint and separate evaluation of health states
Authors: Pinto‐Prades José Luis , Robles‐Zurita José Antonio , Sánchez‐Martínez Fernando‐Ignacio , Abellán‐Perpiñán José María , Martínez‐Pérez Jorge 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe present data of a contingent valuation survey, testing the effect of evaluation mode on the monetary valuation of preventing road accidents. Half of the interviewees was asked to state their willingness to pay (WTP) to reduce the risk of having only 1 type of injury (separate evaluation, SE), and the other half of the sample was asked to state their WTP for 4 types of injuries evaluated simultaneously (joint evaluation, JE). In the SE group, we observed lack of sensitivity to scope while in the JE group WTP increased with the severity of the injury prevented. However, WTP values in this group were subject to context effects. Our results suggest that the traditional explanation of the disparity between SE and JE, namely, the so‐called “evaluability,” does not apply here. The paper presents new explanations based on the role of preference imprecision.
Implantation Window and Angiogenesis
Authors: Karizbodagh Mostafa Peyvandi , Rashidi Bahman , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Masoudifar Aria , Mirzaei Hamed 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTIn recent decades, infertility is one of the health problems worldwide. One of the most crucial events in reproductive period is implantation window (IW). In the time after IW period, the embryo cannot connect to the endometrium; therefore the most critical issue for successful implantation is timely entrance of embryo to the uterine cavity during the IW. Implantation failure is responsible for many cases of infertility and is the most important limiting factor for achieving a successful outcome using the assisted reproductive techniques (ART). The aim of this study was to investigate the receptivity of the endometrium and factors affecting it with emphasizing on the role of angiogenesis. Interaction between the embryo and the endometrium is affected by molecular interactions among cytokines, growth factors, hormones, and cell adhesion molecules, causing endometrial receptivity. Also, angiogenesis is a process that has an important role in human implantation. Estrogen and progesterone hormones are two important regulation keys in angiogenesis and implantation process. It is expected that effective and stimulating drugs of angiogenesis can improve the characteristics of endometrial receptivity and prevent implantation failure in ART. It is hoped that with recent advances in the field of molecular medicine, improvement of angiogenesis in human endometrium and prevention of the implantation failure be achieved. Here, we summarized various factors could affect on endometrial receptivity and the role of them on angiogenesis. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4141–4151, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
All‐Trans‐Retinoic Acid Stimulates Overexpression of Tumor Protein D52 (TPD52, Isoform 3) and Neuronal Differentiation of IMR‐32 Cells
Authors: Kotapalli Sudha Sravanti , Dasari Chandrashekhar , Duscharla Divya , Kami Reddy Karthik Reddy , Kasula Manjula , Ummanni Ramesh 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTTumor protein D52 (TPD52), a proto‐oncogene is overexpressed in a variety of epithelial carcinomas and plays an important role in cell proliferation, migration, and cell death. In the present study we found that the treatment of IMR‐32 neuroblastoma (NB) cells with retinoic acid (RA) stimulates an increase in expression of TPD52. TPD52 expression is detectable after 72 h, can be maintained till differentiation of NB cells suggesting that TPD52 is involved in differentiation. Here, we demonstrate that TPD52 is essential for RA to promote differentiation of NB cells. Our results show that exogenous expression of EGFP‐TPD52 in IMR‐32 cells resulted cell differentiation even without RA. RA by itself and with overexpression of TPD52 can increase the ability of NB cells differentiation. Interestingly, transfection of IMR‐32 cells with a specific small hairpin RNA for efficient knockdown of TPD52 attenuated RA induced NB cells differentiation. Transcriptional and translational level expression of neurotropic (BDNF, NGF, Nestin) and differentiation (β III tubulin, NSE, TH) factors in NB cells with altered TPD52 expression and/or RA treatment confirmed essential function of TPD52 in cellular differentiation. Furthermore, we show that TPD52 protects cells from apoptosis and arrest cell proliferation by varying expression of p27Kip1, activation of Akt and ERK1/2 thus promoting cell differentiation. Additionally, inhibition of STAT3 activation by its specific inhibitor arrested NB cells differentiation by EGFP‐TPD52 overexpression with or without RA. Taken together, our data reveal that TPD52 act through activation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway to undertake NB cells differentiation induced by RA. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4358–4369, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Modified frailty index predicts postoperative outcomes in older gastrointestinal cancer patients
Authors: Vermillion Sarah A. , Hsu Fang‐Chi , Dorrell Robert D. , Shen Perry , Clark Clancy J. 
Published: April 2017

Background and ObjectivesFrailty disproportionately impacts older patients with gastrointestinal cancer, rendering them at increased risk for poor outcomes. A frailty index may aid in preoperative risk stratification. We hypothesized that high modified frailty index (mFI) scores are associated with adverse outcomes after tumor resection in older, gastrointestinal cancer patients.MethodsPatients (60‐90 years old) who underwent gastrointestinal tumor resection were identified in the 2005‐2012 NSQIP Participant Use File. mFI was defined by 11 previously described, preoperative variables. Frailty was defined by an mFI score >0.27. The postoperative course was evaluated using univariate and multivariate analysis.Results41 455 patients (mean age 72.4 years, 47.4% female) were identified. The most prevalent form of cancer was colorectal (69.3%, n = 28 708) and 2.8% of patients were frail (n = 1,164). Frail patients were significantly more likely to have increased length of stay (11.7 vs 9.0 days), major complications (29.1% vs 17.9%), and 30‐day mortality (5.6% vs 2.5%), (all P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified mFI as an independent predictor of major complications (OR 1.52, 95%CI 1.39‐1.65, P < 0.001) and 30‐day mortality (OR 1.48, 95%CI 1.24‐1.75, P < 0.001).ConclusionsmFI was associated with the incidence of postoperative complications and mortality in older surgical patients with gastrointestinal cancer.
Results for patients with sarcoma not otherwise specified and other diagnoses than Ewing sarcoma treated according to the Euro‐EWING 99 trial
Authors: Frank Judith Amalie , Ranft Andreas , Paulussen Michael , Juergens Heribert , Kruseova Jarmila , Bauer Sebastian , Niggli Felix , Reichardt Peter , Dirksen Uta 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundEuro‐EWING 99 trial of the European Ewing tumor Working Initiative of National Groups (EE99) was an international phase III study in patients with Ewing sarcoma. The German Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology (GPOH) data center registered and followed patients with other diagnoses than Ewing sarcoma who were treated according to the EE99 protocol in an additional non‐Ewing database.ProcedureData of 27 patients with other diagnoses than Ewing sarcoma treated according to the EE99 protocol were analyzed. Patients had miscellaneous histologic diagnoses, the majority were diagnosed with sarcoma not otherwise specified (NOS) arising in bone and soft tissue (63%).ResultsThe median age at diagnosis was 16.9 years (range 4.5–41.4). Localized disease was diagnosed in 61.5% of the patients and 38.5% had distant metastases at time of primary diagnosis. The median follow‐up time was 3.7 years (range 0.5–9.5). Patients with localized disease showed a 3‐year event‐free survival (EFS) of 68%, compared to 3‐year EFS of 20% in patients with metastases (P = 0.042). Three‐year EFS for patients with sarcoma NOS was 52%, patients with localized and metastatic disease showed 3‐year EFS of 66 and 20%, respectively.ConclusionEFS in patients with other diagnoses than Ewing sarcoma treated according to EE99 was significantly higher in patients with localized than metastatic disease. Sarcomas of soft tissue and bone that cannot be classified to current diagnostic categories constitute a therapeutic challenge.
Adverse effects of pegaspargase in pediatric patients receiving doses greater than 3,750 IU
Authors: Lebovic Rachel , Pearce Natalie , Lacey Laura , Xenakis James , Faircloth Cassidy B. , Thompson Patrick 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundIncreased toxicities have been identified with higher doses of pegaspargase (PEG‐ASP) in adults. This has led to routine use of a dose cap of 3,750 IU for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients in most institutions. In pediatric ALL patients, PEG‐ASP is not capped. There is concern at our institution that larger doses may result in increased rates of adverse effects and that increased monitoring may be warranted in pediatric patients receiving doses greater than 3,750 IU. The objective of this study is to quantify the difference in the rates of PEG‐ASP‐associated adverse events between pediatric patients who received doses greater than 3,750 IU and less than or equal to 3,750 IU.MethodsRetrospective chart review of patients 1–21 years old with pre‐B‐cell ALL who received PEG‐ASP between 2007 and 2014 at an academic medical center.ResultsOf 183 patients included in the analysis, 24 received PEG‐ASP doses higher than 3,750 IU and 159 received doses less than or equal to 3,750 IU. The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) was significantly higher for patients in the group that received more than 3,750 IU compared with those who received 3,750 IU or less (20.8 vs. 1.89%, respectively; P = 0.0011). The incidence of pancreatitis (P = 0.0306) and hyperglycemia (P = 0.0089) were also higher in the group that received more than 3,750 IU.ConclusionsPEG‐ASP doses higher than 3,750 IU are associated with higher rates of VTE, pancreatitis, and hyperglycemia in pediatric patients with pre‐B‐cell ALL. Patients receiving more than 3,750 IU should have increased monitoring, and larger, multicenter trials are needed to determine if monitoring, VTE prophylaxis, and potential dose capping recommendations should be added to clinical trial protocols.