bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of 15 chemical constituents in Scutellaria baicalensis stem‐leaf from different regions in China by ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Yan Baofei , Xu Weijie , Su Shulan , Zhu Shaoqing , Zhu Zhenhua , Zeng Huiting , Zhao Ming , Qian Dawei , Duan Jin‐ao 
Published: July 2017

AbstractScutellaria baicalensis is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine containing multiple components, which has been extensively used in clinics to treat epidemic febrile disease and hyperactivity cough. To get a deeper understanding about Scutellaria baicalensis stem‐leaf resources, we analyzed 15 chemical constituents in 35 batches of Scutellaria baicalensis stem‐leaf from eight regions in China. A rapid, simple, and sensitive method using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole electrospray tandem mass spectrometry has been developed for the first time to simultaneously determine 15 chemical constituents (including phenolic acids and flavonoids) in Scutellaria baicalensis stem‐leaf. Sufficient separation of 15 target constituents was achieved on a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18 (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) column within 14 min under the optimized chromatographic conditions. The established method was validated and showed good linearity, precision, repeatability, stability, and recovery and was successfully applied for the simultaneous determination of the 15 chemical constituents in these samples. Hierarchical clustering analysis and principal components analysis were performed to estimate and classify these samples based on the contents of the 15 chemical constituents. This study provided theoretical basis and scientific evidence for the development and utilization of Scutellaria baicalensis stem‐leaf resources.
The viable but nonculturable state induction and genomic analyses of Lactobacillus casei BM‐LC14617, a beer‐spoilage bacterium
Authors: Liu Junyan , Li Lin , Peters Brian M. , Li Bing , Chen Lequn , Deng Yang , Xu Zhenbo , Shirtliff Mark E. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state and genomic features of a beer‐spoilage strain, Lactobacillus caseiBM‐LC14617. Induction on the VBNC state of L. casei strain BM‐LC14617 was conducted by both low‐temperature storage and continuous passage in beer, and formation of VBNC state was detected after 196 ± 3.3 days and 32 ± 1.6 subcultures, respectively. Resuscitation of VBNC cells was successfully induced by addition of catalase, and culturable, VBNC, and resuscitated cells shared similar beer‐spoilage capability. Whole genome sequencing was performed, and out of a total of 3,964 predicted genes, several potential VBNC and beer‐spoilage‐associated genes were identified. L. casei is capable of entering into and resuscitating from the VBNC state and possesses beer‐spoilage capability. The genomic characterization yield insightful elucidation of VBNC state for L. casei. This study represents the first evidence on VBNC state induction of L. casei and beer‐spoilage capability of VBNC and resuscitated cells. Also, this is the first genomic characterization of L. casei as a beer‐spoilage bacterium. The current study may aid in further study on L. casei and other beer‐spoilage bacteria, and guide the prevention and control of beer spoilage.
Living with systemic lupus erythematosus: A patient engagement perspective
Authors: Mazzoni Davide , Cornet Alain , van Leeuw Bernadette , Myllys Kirsi , Cicognani Elvira 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPatient engagement is recognized as a crucial component of high‐quality healthcare services. Among rheumatic diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) appears particularly challenging for the engagement of patients in their own care. According to the patient health engagement (PHE) model, patient engagement is a dynamic phenomenon that proceeds through four experiential positions (blackout, arousal, adhesion and eudaimonic project). The aim of the present study was to describe the engagement process from the point of view and the experiences of SLE patients. Ten in‐depth interviews and four focus groups were conducted with an international sample of SLE patients from different European countries. Transcripts were analysed through thematic content analysis. Findings showed that a fully engaged patient results from reframing emotional, cognitive and behavioural dimensions. The advances along the process depends on how the patient succeeds in each position. In conclusion, PHE represents an appropriate model by which to understand the engagement process of SLE patients. In order to meet patients’ needs, healthcare providers and patient support groups should consider the specific position of SLE patients, providing adequate and tailored support.
Expanded carrier screening for monogenic disorders: where are we now?
Authors: Chokoshvili Davit , Vears Danya , Borry Pascal 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundExpanded carrier screening (ECS), which can identify carriers of a large number of recessive disorders in the general population, has grown in popularity and is now widely accessible to prospective parents. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the characteristics of currently available ECS tests.MethodsTo identify relevant ECS providers, we employed a multi‐step approach, which included online searching, review of the recent literature, and consultations with researchers familiar with the current landscape of ECS.ResultsAs of January 2017, there were 16 providers of ECS tests: 13 commercial companies, 2 medical hospitals, and 1 academic diagnostic laboratory. We observed drastic differences in the characteristics of ECS tests, with the number of conditions ranging from 41 to 1792. Only three conditions (cystic fibrosis, maple syrup urine disease 1b, and Niemann–Pick disease) were screened for by all providers. Where the same disease gene was included by multiple providers, substantial differences existed in the mutations screened and/or variant interpretation/reporting strategies.ConclusionGiven the importance of carrier screening results in reproductive decision‐making, the observed heterogeneity across ECS panels is concerning. Efforts should be made to ensure that clear and concrete criteria are in place to guide the development of ECS panels. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Superhydrophobic polymer multilayers for the filtration‐ and absorption‐based separation of oil/water mixtures
Authors: Kratochvil Michael J. , Manna Uttam , Lynn David M. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTWe report layer‐by‐layer approaches to the design of superhydrophobic and superoleophilic substrates for the filtration‐ or absorption‐based separation of bulk oil from oil/water mixtures. Fabrication of covalently cross‐linked, nanoporous polymer multilayers on mesh substrates yielded superhydrophobic and superoleophilic porous media that allow oil to pass, but completely prevent the passage of bulk water. This approach can be used to promote the filtration of oil/water mixtures, and these film‐coated substrates can be bent and physically manipulated without affecting oil‐ and water‐wetting properties. Fabrication on three‐dimensional macroporous polymer pads yielded flexible objects that float on water and absorb oil at contaminated air/water interfaces. This approach permits oil to be recovered by squeezing or rinsing with solvent and the reuse of these materials without decreases in performance. These pads can also absorb oil from simulated seawater, brine, and other media representative of marine or industrial contexts where oil contamination can occur. Our results address issues associated with the design of polymer‐based coatings for the separation, removal, and collection of oil from oil‐contaminated water. With further development, this approach could provide low‐energy alternatives to conventional remediation methods or yield new strategies that can be implemented in ways that are impractical using current technologies. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 3127–3136
Peptide‐poly(2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) conjugates: Synthesis and aqueous/nonaqueous self‐aggregation into nanostructures of dendritic and spherical morphologies
Authors: Saha Anupam , Jana Somdeb , Bose Avijit , Mandal Tarun K. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTPeptide–polymer conjugate consisting of a sequence‐defined tripeptide and poly(2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) is synthesized by a simple “grafting from” atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) approach. The ATRP of PDMAEMA using peptide‐macroinitiator and CuBr/1,1,4,7,10,10‐hexamethyltriethylenetetramine system in anisole follows pseudo first order kinetics up to a conversion of about 25% within a time span of 125 min. The attachment of peptide moiety at the end of PDMAEMA chain is confirmed from MALDI‐TOF‐MS and circular dichroism analyses. The self‐assembly of as‐synthesized peptide‐PDMAEMA conjugate in organic solvents leads to the formation of spherical nanoparticles as observed through FESEM. Peptide‐PDMAEMA conjugate become soluble in water due to the protonation of the pendent —N(CH3)2 moiety of DMAEMA group of the conjugate. Owing to the amphiphilic nature of the protonated conjugate (peptide‐PDMAEMAH), it also undergoes self‐aggregation in water into nanostructures of various morphologies such as dendrite, small sphere and large sphere at pHs of 2, 8, and 10, respectively. Peptide‐PDMAEMA‐IBu conjugate obtained by the post‐modification of —N(CH3)2 moiety of DMAEMA group of the conjugate with n‐butylbromide also undergoes self‐aggregation into dendritic nanostructures in water. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 3286–3297
Survey of the genomic landscape surrounding the 5‐enolpyruvylshikimate‐3‐phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene in glyphosate‐resistant Amaranthus palmeri from geographically distant populations in the USA
Authors: Molin William T , Wright Alice A , VanGessel Mark J , McCloskey William B , Jugulam Mithila , Hoagland Robert E 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDGlyphosate resistance in Amaranthus palmeri, one of the most prevalent herbicide‐resistant weeds in the USA, is attributable to amplification and increased expression of the gene encoding the target site of glyphosate, 5‐enolpyruvylshikimate‐3‐phosphate synthase (EPSPS). The EPSPS gene and the surrounding 287 kilobases (kb) of amplified sequence are unique to glyphosate‐resistant plants and termed the EPSPS cassette. It has only been sequenced in one A. palmeri population from Mississippi. This research compares EPSPS cassettes in seven resistant and five sensitive populations from geographically distant locations within the USA, including Mississippi, Arizona, Kansas, Maryland, Delaware and Georgia.RESULTSPolymerase chain reaction (PCR) products from 40 primer pairs specific to the cassette were similar in size and sequence in resistant populations. Several primer pairs failed to generate PCR products in sensitive populations. Regions of the cassette sequenced in the resistant populations were found to be nearly identical to those from Mississippi. Gene expression analysis showed that both EPSPS and another gene in the cassette, a reverse transcriptase, were elevated in all resistant populations tested relative to the sensitive populations.CONCLUSIONEPSPS cassettes from distant resistant populations were nearly homologous. Considering the complexity of the cassette, and the degree of similarity among some cassette sequences, the results are consistent with the hypothesis that glyphosate resistance probably evolved once and then rapidly spread across the USA. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
New structural motif of 18 valence electron molecules with a planar tetracoordinate heavier group 14 center: Unique stabilization effect of a π‐type skeleton
Authors: Yu Shuang , Ding Yi‐Hong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractProposing new valence electron counting rules and new structural motifs are both very important in chemistry. In this work, we unexpectedly found that by introducing a π‐type skeleton YCCY (Y = Al/Ga/In/Tl), a total of sixteen novel planar tetracoordinate heavier group 14 species, that is, ptM (M = Si/Ge/Sn/Pb) in neutral, can be designed as global minima. The underlying bonding situation contrasts sharply both with the well‐known 18ve‐ptC and the limited 18ve‐ptM, for which there is little multiple bonding character within the skeleton. The fact that each YCCY (Y = Al/Ga/In/Tl) can stabilize all heavier group 14 atoms in a planar tetracoordinate fashion strongly demonstrates the universality of such a π‐type skeleton. The present work firmly demonstrates that introducing the π‐type ligand skeleton can effectively enrich the planar tetracoordinate chemistry with the heavier group atoms.
A novel machine learning‐based algorithm to detect damage in high‐rise building structures
Authors: Rafiei Mohammad Hossein , Adeli Hojjat 
Published: July 2017

SummaryA novel model is presented for global health monitoring of large structures such as high‐rise building structures through adroit integration of 2 signal processing techniques, synchrosqueezed wavelet transform and fast Fourier transform, an unsupervised machine learning technique, the restricted Boltzmann machine, and a recently developed supervised classification algorithm called neural dynamics classification (NDC) algorithm. The model extracts hidden features in the frequency domain of the denoised measured response signals recorded by sensors on different elevations or floors of a structure. The extracted features are used as an input of the NDC to detect and classify the global health of the structure into categories such as healthy, light damage, moderate damage, severe damage, and near collapse. The proposed model is validated using the data obtained from a 3D 1:20 scaled 38‐story reinforced concrete building structure. The results are compared with 3 other supervised classification algorithms: k‐nearest neighbor (KNN), probabilistic neural networks (PNN), and enhanced PNN (EPNN). NDC, EPNN, PNN, and KNN yield maximum average accuracies of 96%, 94%, 92%, and 82%, respectively.
High‐Spatial Resolution Mass Spectrometry Imaging: Toward Single Cell Metabolomics in Plant Tissues
Authors: Hansen Rebecca L. , Lee Young Jin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful tool that has advanced our understanding of complex biological processes by enabling unprecedented details of metabolic biology to be uncovered. Through the use of high‐spatial resolution MSI, metabolite localizations can be obtained with high precision. Here we describe our recent progress to enhance the spatial resolution of matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) MSI from ∼50 μm with the commercial configuration to ∼5 μm. Additionally, we describe our efforts to develop a ‘multiplex MSI’ data acquisition method to allow more chemical information to be obtained on a single tissue in a single instrument run, and the development of new matrices to improve the ionization efficiency for a variety of small molecule metabolites. In combination, these contributions, along with the efforts of others, will bring MSI experiments closer to achieving metabolomic scale.
Numerical solution for a general class of nonlocal nonlinear wave equations arising in elasticity
Authors: Muslu Gulcin M. , Borluk Handan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA class of nonlocal nonlinear wave equation arises from the modeling of a one dimensional motion in a nonlinearly, nonlocally elastic medium. The equation involves a kernel function with nonnegative Fourier transform. We discretize the equation by using Fourier spectral method in space and we prove the convergence of the semidiscrete scheme. We then use a fully‐discrete scheme, that couples Fourier pseudo‐spectral method in space and 4th order Runge‐Kutta in time, to observe the effect of the kernel function on solutions. To generate solitary wave solutions numerically, we use the Petviashvili's iteration method.
Scorpion Stings in Jordan: An Update
Authors: Amr Zuhair S. , Al Zou’bi Renad , Abdo Nour , Bani Hani Rihan 
Published: July 2017

Objective Scorpionism is an endemic public health problem in Jordan encountered by health providers in all parts of the country. This study updates epidemiological data on scorpion sting encounters in Jordan. Methods Data on scorpion sting encounters were obtained from government and military hospitals around the country, and the National Drug and Poison Information Center (NDPIC). P values and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using SPSS Professional Statistics Package version 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) program. Results Epidemiological data on 1205 scorpion sting cases reported between 2006 and 2012 are reported. Male to female ratio was 1.18:1, aged 23.3±16 (mean±SD) and 26.4±16.9 years for males and females, respectively. Age groups between 1 to 20 years old constituted 44.6% of the total sting encounters, while adults aged >30 years constituted 30%. Scorpion sting encounters peaked in July (22.5%) and August (23%), with the lowest numbers of recorded cases in February and January (1.6 and 1.9%, respectively). Scorpion stings occurred mostly outdoors (66%). Medical complications associated with scorpion sting cases included fever, difficulty in breathing, drowsiness and dizziness, and numbness, while severe complications include respiratory failure and tachycardia. Hospitalization required 1 to 3 days among admitted patients with no fatalities. Conclusions Scorpion stings remain a medical problem in Jordan that requires more attention by health providers. Reporting of scorpion sting cases should be enforced from all healthcare centers throughout the country to better understand the epidemiology and health implications of human encounters.
Role of local allergic inflammation and Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins in Chinese patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Cheng K-J , Xu Y-Y , Zhou M-L , Zhou S-H , Wang S-Q 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjective:To investigate the role of local allergic inflammation and Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.Methods:This study included 36 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and 18 controls. Total immunoglobulin E, eosinophil cationic protein, staphylococcal enterotoxin types A and B specific immunoglobulin E, staphylococcal enterotoxin types A and B, and myeloperoxidase levels were determined.Results:Four patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps had a local allergy. All chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps patients tested negative for staphylococcal enterotoxin types A and B specific immunoglobulin E. The chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps group had significantly elevated staphylococcal enterotoxin types A and B levels in the supernatant. Fourteen patients belonged to the eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps group and the others were characterised as having non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.Conclusion:Local allergy may play a role in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, independent of staphylococcal enterotoxin superantigens. Staphylococcal enterotoxins may be important in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps; however, their roles as superantigens were not confirmed in this study. In Chinese subjects, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps usually manifests as a neutrophilic inflammation.
Co-Phenylcaine Spray: can we improve the taste? A randomised, double-blind, crossover study
Authors: Bailey S , Panizza B , Cabot P , Wallwork B 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjective:Co-Phenylcaine Forte is a nasal spray routinely prescribed by otolaryngologists in Australia. The taste of Co-Phenylcaine Forte is typically described as unpleasant. This study sought to improve the overall patient experience associated with Co-Phenylcaine Forte by generating a Co-Phenylcaine Forte formulation, referred to as Co-Phenylcaine Zest, which contains an added vanilla flavour and masking agent.Methods:Participants were randomised to receive two actuations of Co-Phenylcaine Forte in each nostril followed by two actuations of Co-Phenylcaine Zest, or vice versa. There was a 6–36-hour washout period between each treatment. After the administration of each spray, participants completed a questionnaire to rate various sensory attributes of each formulation on seven-point ordinal scales. Patients reported their overall formulation preference after receiving both treatments.Results:A total of 86 participants completed the trial. Seventy-four per cent of patients preferred Co-Phenylcaine Zest, 21 per cent preferred Co-Phenylcaine Forte and 5 per cent had no preference (p < 0.001). The satisfaction score associated with Co-Phenylcaine Zest was 1.22 points greater than with Co-Phenylcaine Forte (p < 0.001).Conclusion:A novel formulation of Co-Phenylcaine Forte was created by adding a flavour and a masking agent; this formulation was preferred by most patients.
Variable expression of molecular markers in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma
Authors: Mishra A , Pandey A , Mishra S C 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground:Molecular categorisation may explain the wide variation in the clinical characteristics of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.Methods:Variations in molecular markers in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma in an Indian population were investigated and compared with global reports.Results:Variable molecular marker expression was demonstrated at the regional and global levels. A wide variation in molecular characteristics is evident. Molecular data have been reported for only 11 countries, indicating a clear geographical bias. Only 58 markers have been studied, and most are yet to be validated.Conclusion:Research into the molecular epidemiology of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is still in its infancy. Although the molecular variation is not well understood, data obtained so far have prompted important research questions. Hence, multicentre collaborative molecular studies are needed to establish the aetiopathogenesis and establish molecular surrogates for clinical characteristics.
On the speed of piezostrain-mediated voltage-driven perpendicular magnetization reversal: a computational elastodynamics-micromagnetic phase-field study
Authors: Peng Ren-Ci , Hu Jia-Mian , Chen Long-Qing , Nan Ce-Wen 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
By linking the dynamics of local piezostrain to the dynamics of local magnetization, we computationally analyzed the speed of a recently proposed scheme of piezostrain-mediated perpendicular magnetization reversal driven by a voltage pulse in magnetoelectric heterostructures. We used a model heterostructure consisting of an elliptical ultrathin amorphous Co20Fe60B20 on top of a polycrystalline Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) thin film. We constructed a diagram showing the speed of perpendicular magnetization reversal as a function of the amplitude of the applied voltage pulse and the stiffness damping coefficient of PZT film. In addition, we investigated the influence of thermal fluctuations on the switching speed. The analyses suggest that the switching time remains well below 10 ns and that the energy dissipation per switching is on the order of femtojoule. The present computational analyses can be generally used to predict the speed of piezostrain-enabled magnetization switching and magnetic domain-wall motion, which critically determines the response time of corresponding piezostrain-enabled spintronic and magnonic devices.