bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water management for agricultural production in a coastal province of the Mekong River Delta under sea-level rise.
Authors: Ngo Dang Phong Ngo Dang Phong , Chu Thai Hoanh Chu Thai Hoanh , Tran Quang Tho Tran Quang Tho , Nguyen Van Ngoc Nguyen Van Ngoc , Tran Duc Dong Tran Duc Dong , To Phuc Tuong To Phuc Tuong , Nguyen Huy Khoi Nguyen Huy Khoi , Nguyen Xuan Hien Nguyen Xuan Hien , Nguyen Trung Nam Nguyen Trung Nam 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Bac Lieu province, a low-lying coastal province in the Ca Mau peninsula of the Mekong River Delta (MRD) of Vietnam, is recognized as an area strongly affected by sea-level rise (SLR) accompanying global climate change. SLR will aggravate inundation and salinity intrusion and hence exert a strong influence on agriculture and aquaculture production in the province. The study presented in this chapter aims to quantify the impacts of SLR on agriculture in this province and to propose adaptive options. The 'Vietnam River Systems and Plains' (VRSAP) model was used for simulation of water level, flow and salinity in the canal network of the MRD for 3 years of low, average and high water volume from upstream of the MRD and different levels of SLR (12, 17, 30, 50 and 75 cm). Under present sea level conditions, the western part of the province faces the highest flooding risk in October during the rainy season. In the dry season, salinity is high in the western part where farmers grow brackish water shrimp, while it is low in the eastern part where rice is grown. The inundation depth increases with the level of the SLR. For SLR less than 30 cm, salinity is expected to decrease slightly due to more fresh water from the Bassac River. When SLR is higher than 30 cm, salinity in the eastern part will also increase because the saline water intrudes into freshwater intake canals along the Bassac River. In the near future, adjustment of the cropping calendar as well as the operations of existing water control structures will be required. In the distant future, additional structures will be needed to cope with aggravated inundation and salinity.
Aquaculture adaptation to climate change in Vietnam's Mekong Delta.
Authors: Suan Pheng Kam Suan Pheng Kam , Tran Nhuong Tran Nhuong , Hoanh C. T. , Nguyen Xuan Hien Nguyen Xuan Hien 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Most of the aquaculture production in South-east Asia occurs in the floodplains and coastal areas that are highly exposed and vulnerable to climate change impacts and sea-level rise (SLR). This chapter presents an example of economic estimation of autonomous adaptation by shrimp and catfish farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. It illustrates how planned adaptation measures can help defray catfish farmers' escalating costs of raising pond dykes in response to increased flooding in the delta. It also indicates that government policy and public investment into planned adaptation towards climate change impacts, particularly for water resources management, would necessarily take account of socio-economic development targets of the aquaculture industry. From these analyses, broader implications of plans for water resources management in the delta on the prospects and challenges to the aquaculture sector are discussed. In the long term, a 'no-regrets' strategy of reducing the high dependence on shrimp and catfish culture and diversifying into more ecologically oriented production systems can also hedge the aquaculture industry against the increasing risks and uncertainties brought about by climate change.
Irrigated crop production in the Syr Darya Basin: climate change rehearsal in the 1990s.
Authors: Savoskul O. , Shevnina E. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Future inflow to the irrigation scheme of the Syr Darya Basin is modelled under two climate scenarios, based on outputs of International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) core models run under IPCC-SRES A2 emission scenario. Under the GFDL99-R30-based scenario, the mean annual flow (MAF) is likely to increase by 10-20%. Under HadCM3-based scenario, MAF is supposed to decrease by 10-20%. Simulating water allocation in the basin in 2070-2099 shows that 14-21% of water demands in the agriculture sector in a normal hydrological year and 28-51% in a dry year are likely to be unmet. The challenges expected from future climate change can be paralleled to those resulting from the political change due to the collapse of the USSR, which left 18% (normal year) and 46% (dry year) of agricultural water demands unmet in 1992-2001. The study stresses the point that the adaptation measures employed in the post-Soviet transitional period are likely to serve as a basis for the future climate change adaptation strategies, since the development of the agriculture sector under climate change impact will remain handicapped without a more efficient water management at all hierarchical levels.
Prevalence of poor sleep quality, sleepiness and obstructive sleep apnoea risk factors in athletes
Authors: Swinbourne Richard , Gill Nicholas , Vaile Joanna , Smart Daniel 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPurpose: Despite the perceived importance of sleep for athletes, little is known regarding athlete sleep quality, their prevalence of daytime sleepiness or risk factors for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) such as snoring and witnessed apnoeic episodes. The purpose of the present study was to characterise normative sleep quality among highly trained team sport athletes.Methodology:175 elite or highly trained rugby sevens, rugby union and cricket athletes completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Score (ESS) and Quality of Life questionnaires and an OSA risk factor screen.Results: On average, athletes reported 7.9 ± 1.3 h of sleep per night. The average PSQI score was 5.9 ± 2.6, and 50% of athletes were found to be poor sleepers (PSQI > 5). Daytime sleepiness was prevalent throughout the population (average global score of 8.5) and clinically significant (ESS score of ≥10) in 28% of athletes. OSA may be an important clinical consideration within athletic populations, as a considerable number of athletes (38%) defined themselves as snorers and 8% reported having a witnessed apnoeic episode. The relationship between self‐rated sleep quality and actual PSQI score was strong (Pearson correlation of 0.4 ± 0.1, 90% confidence limits).Conclusion: These findings suggest that this cohort of team sport athletes suffer a preponderance of poor sleep quality, with associated high levels of daytime sleepiness. Athletes should receive education about how to improve sleep wake schedules, extend total sleep time and improve sleep quality.
Confirmation of First Report of Orchid fleck virus in Phalaenopsis Hybrid Orchids in the USA
Authors: Bratsch S. A. , Lockhart B. E. , Ishimaru C. 
Published: December 2015

The results also suggest one-step RT-PCR from Phalaenopsis plants and Orchid fleck virus (OFV) isolates can give false negatives for asymptomatic plants. Further work on detection methods for OFV is under way. This is the first confirmation of OFV infecting orchids in the United States. Accepted for publication 24 September 2015. Published 30 September 2015.
First Report of Target Spot Caused by Corynespora cassiicola in Louisiana Cotton
Authors: Price Trey , Singh Raghuwinder , Fromme Dan 
Published: December 2015

During the summer of 2014, Louisiana cotton producers in 13 parishes experienced an outbreak of what appeared to be target spot caused by Corynespora cassiicola. Defoliation due to the suspected disease was observed up to 75% in isolated areas. An isolate of the suspected causal agent was obtained, and Koch's postulates were subsequently completed. This is the first report of this disease in Louisiana. Accepted for publication 30 November 2015. Published 3 December 2015.
Virus Decline of Strawberry in California and the Role of Insect Vectors and Associated Viruses
Authors: Dara Surendra K. 
Published: December 2015

Greenhouse white fly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood); western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande); and strawberry aphid, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii (Cockerell), are common pests of strawberries in California and are vectors of one or more viruses. Most of the viruses transmitted by these vectors do not cause symptoms on strawberry when the infection occurs individually. However, when one of the viruses (Beet pseudoyellows virus or Strawberry pallidosis-associated virus) transmitted by T. vaporariorum is present along with one of the viruses transmitted by F. occidentalis, C. fragaefolii, or other sources, it results in a virus decline of strawberry, which can cause significant crop losses. Stunted root and plant growth, purple coloration of foliage, and dieback of the plant are some of the symptoms associated with virus decline. Increases in T. vaporariorum infestations during the past few years significantly elevated the risk of whitefly as a crop pest and a disease vector. This article reviews virus decline of strawberry, symptoms of infection, and the current status of insect vectors in California strawberries. Accepted for publication 17 November 2015. Published 20 November 2015.
Root-knot Control and Yield Response of Corn with Seed Treatment and Granular Nematicides
Authors: Hagan Austin K. , Miller H. Brad , Burkett Jason , Burch Katherine 
Published: December 2015

In Coastal Plain soils of the southeastern United States, the root-knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita race 3 causes significant yield loss in corn. Impact of abamectin + thiamethoxam and clothianidin + Bacillus firmus I-1582 nematicide seed treatments along with terbufos granular nematicide on RKN reproduction, plant populations, plant growth, and yield was assessed at two Alabama sites. Thiamethoxam and clothianidin insecticide seed treatments were included as controls. A factorial arranged as split-split plot with year as the main plot, seed treatment as the split plot, and granular nematicide as the split-split-plot treatment was used. Lower plant populations were noted for terbufos-treated corn at one study site. Reduced RKN reproduction was observed with terbufos granular nematicide at both study sites. Fresh seedling weights and yields were usually higher for the terbufos- than non-terbufos-treated corn. At both sites, both nematicide seed treatments and their insecticide seed treatment counterparts had similar plant populations, RKN reproduction rate, and fresh seedling weights. Yield differences were noted at both locations between abamectin + thiamethoxam and thiamethoxam but not clothianidin + Bacillus firmus I-1582 and clothianidin. With mean yield gains up to 13.5%, terbufos was superior to both of the nematicide seed treatments for managing RKN and protecting corn yields. Accepted for publication 19 October 2015. Published 1 November 2015.
Changes in postoperative night bispectral index of patients undergoing thoracic surgery with different types of anaesthesia management: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tan Wen‐fei , Guo Bing , Ma Hong , Li Xiao‐Qian , Fang Bo , Lv Huang‐Wei 
Published: December 2015

SummaryThis study hypothesized that different types of anaesthesia management would result in similar postoperative sleep quality. In this prospective single‐blind investigation, 219 patients undergoing elective thoracic surgery were randomized into three arms: general anaesthesia, as the control group (group C); general anaesthesia combined with thoracic epidural anaesthesia (TEA) (group E); and general anaesthesia combined with infusion of 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine (group D). Plasma samples were obtained to measure the amine and inflammatory cytokine concentrations. All patients underwent assessment with the bispectral index (BIS) for sleep quality and the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain. The primary outcomes were inflammatory cytokine [interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α)] secretion and postoperative sleep quality on the first and second postoperative nights. The secondary outcomes were amine (adrenaline and noradrenaline) secretion during the surgical period and haemodynamic stability. The postoperative BIS area under the curve was significantly lower in group E (75.7%) than in group C (87.3%) or group D (86.5%). Patients in group E had the highest BIS of sleep efficiency index (29.2%, P < 0.05) and the lowest VAS scores (3.5, P < 0.05). Group E had lower IL‐6 levels than the other two groups 24 h after surgery (P < 0.05). Patients given TEA may show reduced sleep disturbances on the first night after surgery, perhaps due to better pain management and inhibition of IL‐6 release.
Different regulation of miR‐29a‐3p in glomeruli and tubules in an experimental model of angiotensin II‐dependent hypertension: potential role in renal fibrosis
Authors: Castoldi Giovanna , di Gioia Cira , Giollo Fabrizio , Carletti Raffaella , Bombardi Camila , Antoniotti Marco , Roma Francesca , Zerbini Gianpaolo , Stella Andrea 
Published: December 2015

SummaryThe aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the angiotensin II (Ang II) induced‐differential miRNA expression in renal glomerular and tubulo‐interstitial fibrosis in an experimental model of Ang II‐dependent hypertension. To clarify this issue, Sprague Dawley rats were treated with Ang II (200 ng/kg per minute, n = 15) or physiological saline (n = 14) for 4 weeks. Systolic blood pressure and albuminuria were measured every 2 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, renal glomerular and tubulo‐interstitial fibrosis was evaluated by histomorphometric analysis, after Sirius‐Red and Masson's trichrome staining. Ang II increased systolic blood pressure (P < 0.0001), albuminuria (P < 0.01) and both glomerular and tubulo‐interstitial fibrosis (P < 0.01). Using laser capture microdissection and miRNA microarray analysis this study showed that miR‐29a‐3p was down‐regulated in renal tubules and up‐regulated in glomeruli. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experiments confirmed in Ang II‐treated rats a down‐regulation of miR‐29a‐3p in tubules (P < 0.01), while no significant changes were observed in glomeruli. Matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) was identified as putative miR‐29a‐3p target (by TargetScan, miRanda, Tarbase software) and functionally confirmed by luciferase activity assay. These data demonstrate that the effects of Ang II on miR‐29a‐3p expression in renal tubules is different from the one exerted in the glomeruli and that miR‐29a‐3p targets MMP‐2. These results suggest that the development of renal fibrosis at glomerular and tubulo‐interstitial level depends on different molecular mechanisms.
Transparency and Views Regarding Nuclear Energy Before and After the Fukushima Accident: Evidence on Micro‐Data
Authors: Yamamura Eiji 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis paper examines the influence of government transparency on changing views regarding nuclear energy before and after Japan's natural and nuclear disaster of 2011. Individual‐level data were used, covering 45 countries and containing 27 423 observations. It was observed in the majority of countries that the rate of favouring nuclear energy declined after the disaster. However, empirical results show that such a tendency is less likely to be observed in a more transparent country. This implies that views regarding nuclear energy were less elastic to the news of the Fukushima incident when people were more certain about nuclear energy prior to the Fukushima incident.
Antenatal care for healthy pregnant women: a mapping of interventions from existing guidelines to inform the development of new WHO guidance on antenatal care
Authors: Abalos E , Chamillard M , Diaz V , Tuncalp Ӧ , Gülmezoglu AM 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO) is in the process of updating antenatal care (ANC) guidelines.ObjectivesTo map the existing clinical practice guidelines related to routine ANC for healthy women and to summarise all practices considered during routine ANC.Search strategyA systematic search in four databases for all clinical practice guidelines published after January 2000.Selection criteriaTwo researchers independently assessed the list of potentially eligible publications.Data collection and analysisInformation on scope of the guideline, type of practice, associated gestational age, recommendation type and the source of evidence were mapped.Main resultsOf 1866 references, we identified 85 guidelines focusing on the ANC period: 15 pertaining to routine ANC and 70 pertaining to specific situations. A total of 135 interventions from routine ANC guidelines were extracted, and categorised as clinical interventions (n = 80), screening/diagnostic procedures (n = 47) and health systems related (n = 8). Screening interventions, (syphilis, anaemia) were the most common practices. Within the 70 specific situation guidelines, 102 recommendations were identified. Overall, for 33 (out of 171) interventions there were conflicting recommendations provided by the different guidelines.ConclusionMapping the current guidelines including practices related to routine ANC informed the scoping phase for the WHO guideline for ANC. Our analysis indicates that guideline development processes may lead to different recommendations, due to context, evidence base or assessment of evidence. It would be useful for guideline developers to map and refer to other similar guidelines and, where relevant, explore the discrepancies in recommendations and others.Tweetable abstractWe identified existing ANC guidelines and mapped scope, practices, recommendations and source of evidence.
Earthquake‐induced Soft‐sediment Deformation Structures in the Dengfeng Area, Henan Province, China: Constraints on Qinling Tectonic Evolution during the Early Cambrian
Authors: Wentao YANG , Min WANG , Yong'an QI 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSoft‐sediment deformation structures are abundant in the Cambrian Zhushadong and Mantou formations of the Dengfeng area, Henan Province, China. Soft‐sediment deformation structures of the Zhushadong Formation consist of fluidized deformation, synsedimentary faults, seismo‐folds and plastic deformation; the Mantou Formation is dominated by small‐scale horst faults, intruded dikes, fluidized veins, and seismo‐cracks. These structures are demonstrated to be earthquake‐related by analysis of trigger mechanisms, and may indicate the activity of the Qinling tectonic belt during the early Cambrian. Furthermore, the assemblages of soft‐sediment deformation structures altered with time: large‐scale, intense deformation in the Zhushadong Formation alters to small‐scale, weak deformation in the Mantou Formation. This striking feature may have been caused by changes in hypocentral depth from deep‐focus to shallow‐focus earthquakes, indicating that the Qinling tectonic belt developed from the subduction of the Shangdan Ocean to the extension of the Erlangping back‐arc basin. This study suggests that soft‐sediment deformation structures can be used to reveal the activity of a tectonic belt, and, more importantly, changes in deformation assemblages can track the evolution of a tectonic belt.
Discussion on Geodynamics of Three‐body Motion
Authors: Quanwen LIU , Lingling YAN , Guomin CHEN 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTo determine the Earth's dynamics and their equations, which are crucial for Earth science research, this paper analyzes the interaction forces in the motion of a three‐body system (namely, fixed, active, and passive points), based on the orbital motion. The mathematical derivation has been conducted strictly according to trigonometric functions with time and space as variables. In spatial transformation, related data items are simplified and replaced reasonably and necessarily according to the physical phenomenon to conduct derivations of planar to spatial transformation, through which the motion point has universal significance. Moreover, the polynomial equation for the dynamics has been obtained. Results indicate that the polynomial expression for the dynamics comprises the tidal force, the powerful mid‐latitude Force (PML Force), and gravitation. Gravitation analysis shows that it is proportional to the dynamics quality, the size of the angular velocity of their deviation from the progenitor‐paternal orbital plane's center position, and the square of the progenitor orbital plane's distance. However, it is inversely proportional to the distance of the paternal orbital plane and not related to another body's quality. Some past errors are addressed and some constructive conclusions are offered in the discussion of gravitation.
Two‐stage Cretaceous Exhumation of Hengshan Complex in Hunan Province, SE China: Constraints Arising from40Ar–39Ar Geochronology and Cretaceous Tectonic Implications
Authors: Yanhong WANG , Jianjun CUI , Yueqiao ZHANG , Shuwen DONG , Wen QI , Jinbao SU , Jianhua LI , Yong LI 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe Hengshan complex is located in the central part of SE China, which underwent rapid tectonic uplift in the Cretaceous just like many other complexes on the continent.40Ar–39Ar geochronological data from the Hengshan complex suggest that two episodes of crustal cooling/extension took place in this part of the continent during the Cretaceous time. The first stage of exhumation was active during ca. 136–125 Ma, with a cooling rate of > 10 °C/Ma. The second stage of exhumation happened at ca. 98–93 Ma, with a cooling rate of > 10 °C/Ma. Considering the folding in the Lower Cretaceous sedimentary rocks and the regional unconformity underneath the Upper Cretaceous red beds, it is believed that the Cretaceous crustal extension in SE China was interrupted by a compressional event. The reversion to extension, shortly after this middle Cretaceous compression, led to the rapid cooling/exhumation of the Hengshan complex at ca. 98–93 Ma. The Cretaceous tectonic processes in the hinterland of SE China could be controlled by interactions between the continental margin and the Paleo–pacific plate.
Inversion of the Main Mineral Compositions and Subdivision of Tectonic Units on Lunar LQ‐4 based on Chang'e Data
Authors: Xiang WANG , Jianping CHEN , Yanbo XU , Yongchun ZHENG , Bokun YAN , Yunzhao WU 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSpectra are sensitive in detecting main minerals on the lunar surface from visible light to infrared light. Since spectral characteristics of minerals are closely related to their compositions and the maturity level of soil on the Moon, studying the compositions and distribution of elements and minerals on the lunar surface can help to understand the evolution of the Moon through remote sensing technology. The correlation between the spectral characteristics of Chang'e‐1 interference imaging spectrometry (IIM) reflectance images and the mineral contents of LSCC (Lunar Soil Characterization Consortium) lunar surface mineral samples was discussed and the spatial distributions of FeO and Al2O3 contained in both pyroxene and plagioclase on LQ‐4 were studied using the improved angle parameter method, MNF, and band ratio statistics. A comparison of the mapping results of the optical models by Lucey, Shkuractov and other researchers on Clementine and the gamma ray spectrometry data shows that the content error is within 0.6% for lunar mare areas and close to 1% for the highland areas. The tectonic framework on the lunar surface was also investigated. And based on integrated analysis of previous findings on topography of the lunar surface, Chang'e LAM, CCD and LOLA images and the gravity anomalies data (Clementine GLGM‐2), the tectonic unit subdivision was established for LQ‐4, the idea of subdividing the lunar tectonic units was proposed, and this will provide a good foundation for studying the lunar tectonic evolution.