bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-energy extracorporeal shockwave therapy improves locomotor functions, tissue regeneration, and modulating the inflammation induced FGF1 and FGF2 signaling to protect damaged tissue in spinal cord injury of rat model: an experimental animal study
Authors: Hsu Chieh-Cheng , Wu Kay L.H. , Peng Jei-Ming , Wu Yi-No , Chen Hou-Tsung , Lee Meng-Shiou , Cheng Jai-Hong 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition that results in severe motor function impairments. Current therapeutic options remain limited, underscoring the need for novel treatments. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) has emerged as a promising noninvasive approach for treating musculoskeletal disorders and nerve regeneration.

Methods:
This study explored the effects of low-energy ESWT on locomotor function, tissue regeneration, inflammation, and mitochondrial function in a rat SCI model. Experiments were performed using locomotor function assays, CatWalk gait analysis, histopathological examination, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence staining.

Results:
The findings demonstrated that low-energy ESWT had a dose-dependent effect, with three treatment sessions (ESWT3) showing superior outcomes compared to a single session. ESWT3 significantly improved motor functions [run patterns, run average speed, and maximum variation, as well as the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan score] and promoted tissue regeneration while reducing inflammation. ESWT3 significantly decreased levels of IL-1β, IL6, and macrophages (CD68) while increasing leukocyte (CD45) infiltration. Additionally, ESWT3 upregulated NueN and mitofusin 2 (MFN2), suggesting enhanced neuronal health and mitochondrial function. Moreover, ESWT3 modulated the expression of fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1), FGF2, their receptor FGFR1 and phosphorylation of ERK, aiding tissue repair, and regeneration in SCI.

Conclusions:
This study highlights the potential of low-energy ESWT as an effective noninvasive treatment for SCI, demonstrating significant improvements in motor recovery, tissue regeneration, anti-inflammatory effects, and mitochondrial protection. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of ESWT and its therapeutic application for SCI recovery.
Exploration of Student Experiences and Perceptions of Self and Peer: Implications for Tailoring Supports
Authors: Huhn Karen , Costello Ellen , Healey William E. , Hilliard Marjorie Johnson , Maring Joyce , Plack Margaret 
Published: October 2024

Introduction.
Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) students have reported learning new behaviors, enhanced self-awareness, and personal and professional growth during their first year of DPT school. The purpose of this study was to explore in greater depth, through semistructured interviews, the student perceptions of self-identity and social identity.

Subjects.
Seventeen early second-year DPT students from 3 universities.

Methods.
This investigation is an extension of a larger multisite study. Qualitative interviews were employed to enable the use of a constructivist lens to explore the importance of personal context in participants' experiences during the first year of DPT school.

Results.
Students across programs shared similar characteristics and experiences. Three themes emerged: DPT students share common perceptions of themselves and classmates; sociocultural experiences shaped their actions and perceptions of self; and students recognized the need to change to be successful. The voices of the older second-career students and racially minoritized students were uniquely different from other participants.

Discussion and Conclusion.
Doctor of Physical Therapy student experiences are similar across programs except for older students and racially minoritized students. Early professional identity formation was noted as well. A richer understanding of the personal characteristics, influential sociocultural factors, and student perceptions of self and classmates could enable educators to customize supports and educational strategies to help students understand the role their past and present experiences play in shaping their professional identities.
The most lethal human protozoan parasite is plasmodium falciparum: severe malaria-associated acute renal failure – a case report
Authors: Bereda Gudisa 
Published: October 2024

Introduction and importance:
Malaria continues to be a significant global public health problem, particularly in endemic nations. The most common cause of acute renal failure is a Plasmodium falciparum infection.

Case presentation:
A 28-year-old male was brought into the emergency room with significant complaints of fatigue, chills, fever, and a lack of appetite. The patient had no prior history of malaria. He was not given any antimalarial medication as prophylaxis while traveling to his workplace. As a result of laboratory investigations to identify malarial parasites in peripheral blood using thin and thick smears, malaria parasites were found in the patient’s blood. At the border of the colitis, the liver was palpable. Both the chest radiograph and abdominal ultrasonography were clear. His level of consciousness assessment indicated a Glasgow coma scale reading of 10 out of 15. He received 1000 ml of normal saline solution with 40% glucose solution as part of his supportive care. He received intravenous artesunate 60 mg (2.4 mg/kg) when he was admitted to an ICU, and then every 12 and 24 h for the next 3 days (a total of three doses, 540 mg).

Clinical discussion:
A typical symptom of severe malaria is acute kidney injury, which also carries its own risk of death. In regions with active transmission, Plasmodium falciparum is recognized as a significant contributor to acute renal damage.

Conclusion:
The mechanism proposed for kidney injury by severe malaria is hemodynamic dysfunction, followed by inflammation and immunological dysregulation in the patient in this study. He had reduced serum sodium levels within the red blood cells, which led to calcium influx into the cell, altering the red blood cell’s deformability.
Triage knowledge, perceived skills, and associated factors among nurses working in adult emergency departments of selected public hospitals in Addis-Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023: multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Bahre Willi , Mengist Bete , Bitsa Yihdego , Woldemariam Guesh Teklu , Kebede Sofia , Wubete Andualem , Halefom Mearg Alemu , Bantie Abere Tilahun 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Triage is an essential function in the emergency department. Knowledge of nurses working in triage has been cited as an influential factor in triage decision-making. As there are increased numbers of clients with life-threatening traumatic injuries and medical patients in the emergency department in Addis-Ababa, triage knowledge and skill are essential competencies required for the nurses working in the emergency department.

Objective:
To assess nurses’ knowledge and perceived skills towards triage and associated factors among nurses working in the adult emergency department of selected public hospitals in Addis-Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023.

Methods:
A multicentre cross-sectional study design was used. Three hospitals were purposefully selected. A census sampling technique was used to obtain the required sample size. Data was collected by an open data kit (ODK) version 2022.1.2. Then, it was exported to SPSS version 27 for final analysis. Bivariate analysis at a P-value of 0.25 and multivariable analysis at a P-value of 0.05 were applied. Results were presented using tables, figures, and texts.

Results:
A total of 384 participants were included in this study. The proportions of poor triage knowledge and perceived poor triage skills among nurses were 58.1 and 50.3%, respectively. Educational level, triage experience, training experience, and the availability of triage equipment were significant predictors of triage knowledge and perceived triage skill, respectively.

Conclusion and recommendation:
The triage knowledge and skill levels were found to be low. As nurses’ knowledge about triage is a key tool in triage decision-making, there is a need to improve nurses’ knowledge and skills in triaging at the ED.
Building Healthy, Equitable, and Resilient Communities: Lessons Learned From Multisector Community Partnerships Addressing the Social Determinants of Health
Authors: DePriest Kelli , Glasgow LaShawn , Bayer Erin M. , Weiss Stephanie , Hacker Karen 
Published: October 2024

Context
Multisector community partnerships play a pivotal role in public health strategy for understanding and addressing social determinants of health (SDOH) and promoting health equity. The work of these partnerships is well aligned with building community resilience.

Program
The Year 2 Improving Social Determinants of Health—Getting Further Faster (GFF) retrospective evaluation was designed to gather practice-based evidence that can inform future community-driven partnerships to improve chronic disease outcomes and advance health equity by addressing social determinants of health (SDOH).

Implementation
This paper sought to determine how the efforts of multisector community partnerships could also support community resilience. Guided by CDC’s Framework for Program Evaluation in Public Health and health equity principles, the GFF evaluation engaged 14 Multisector Community Partnerships to better understand how their SDOH interventions contribute to community changes that improve chronic diseases and advance health equity. Data collection included qualitative discussions along with additional quantitative analyses of SDOH outcomes, costs, and prevention impacts. This paper focuses on insights gathered from qualitative discussions (2 virtual 60-minute discussions with members of each of the 14 Partnerships) around community resilience.

Evaluation
Results from qualitative discussions demonstrate how Partnerships’ SDOH efforts created parallel opportunities for nurturing community resilience. For example, Partnerships engaged community members in the design and implementation of SDOH interventions in ways that nurtured a sense of belonging and empowerment to shape their community. To further build community resilience, Partnerships mentioned the importance of sustained and flexible funding, help building stronger partnerships, and a shared goal to build resilience and engage community members.

Discussion
Findings indicate that community partnerships working to address SDOH can drive reciprocal improvements in community resilience—contributions that are critical for advancing health equity. Partnerships suggested that health departments may have opportunities to enhance community resilience through their role as funder, facilitator, and convener.
Effect of Local Zoledronic Acid Application in Alveolar Bone Healing: An Experimental Study
Authors: Su Xin-Yi , Li Shu , Fan Ying-Ying , Wei Tai , Lu Zhi-Yue , Ye Peng 
Published: October 2024

Background:
This experimental study aimed to assess the three-dimensional and histological changes of the alveolar socket with local application of ZA.

Methods:
Nine male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allocated into 4-, 8-, and 12-week groups after the extraction of 4 incisor teeth. The upper and lower right sockets were filled with ZA + collagen sponge (ZA-CS group), while the left sockets were filled with collagen sponge alone (CS group) postoperatively. At 4, 8, and 12 weeks (T1, T2, and T3) after the extraction, radiographic and histomorphometric evaluations were conducted for both groups.

Results:
The increase in alveolar bone density of the ZA-CS group at T2 and T3 was significantly higher than the CS group (P＜0.01). Three-dimensional evaluations demonstrated no statistically significant differences in ridge height and width between the 2 groups at T2 and T3. On histological evaluation, the ZA-CS group included significantly fewer TRAP-positive cells than the CS group at T1 (P＜0.05). In ALP staining, all cases in both groups were classified as positive at each time point. Masson trichrome staining showed significantly higher mean red collagen volume fraction in the ZA-CS group (76.09%, 79.64%) than in the CS group (66.17%, 69.22%) at T2 and T3, respectively (P＜0.05 and ＜0.01).

Conclusions:
Although local ZA application with collagen sponge did not reduce alveolar ridge contraction, it improved the bone density and maturity of newly formed bone after tooth extraction.
Janibacter alittae sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from the gut of marine sandworm (Alitta virens)
Authors: Kim Bora , Jun Min Ok , Yang Ah-In , Joe Sung-Hong , Joe Hae-In , Sung Hojun , Kim Ki Hyun , Kim Hyun Jung , Shin Na-Ri 
Published: October 2024

A novel Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative and ovoid cocci, designated as A1S7T, was isolated from the gut of a marine sandworm (Alitta virens). Strain A1S7T exhibited optimal growth at temperatures of 20–30 ℃, pH 6–8 and in the presence of 2–4% (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain A1S7T belonged to the genus Janibacter, exhibiting a similarity of 99.0% to Janibacter cremeus KCTC 49873T, followed by Janibacter anophelis KCTC 19282T (98.8%), Janibacter hoylei KCTC 49872T (98.4%), Janibacter limosus KACC 20518T (98.2%) and Janibacter corallicola KACC 21120T (97.2%). The complete genome sequence of strain A1S7T revealed a genome size of 3360920 bp with a genomic G+C content of 70.1 mol%. The orthologous average nucleotide identity and the digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain A1S7T and Janibacter cremeus KCTC 49873T were determined to be 89.5 and 37.2%, respectively. The major respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4). The predominant fatty acids (>10%) included iso-C16:0, C17:1
ω8c, C18:1
ω9c and C17:0. Polar lipids comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, one unknown phosphoglycolipid and three unknown polar lipids. The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was A1γ. The major whole-cell sugars were ribose, mannose and glucose. Based on phenotypic, phylogenetic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic properties, strain A1S7T represents a novel species in the genus Janibacter, for which the name Janibacter alittae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is A1S7T (=KCTC 49714T = JCM 36706T).
Single-Cell Resolution DESI Mass Spectrometry Imaging through 10-Fold Sample Expansion
Authors: Xie Chengyi , Wang Jianing , Diao Xin , Wang Xiaoxiao , Cai Zongwei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDesorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI MSI) is a valuable tool for label-free, spatially resolved molecular analysis of biological tissues. However, its spatial resolution has been limited to tens of micrometers due to constraints in spray geometry and solvent flow, hindering single-cell imaging. Inspired by expansion microscopy, we developed a tenfold DESI expansion MSI (10x-DESI ExMSI) technique to achieve cellular-level resolution. In this study, tissue sections were embedded in a swellable polyelectrolyte gel, and physically enlarged by approximately tenfold without compromising molecular integrity. After drying of the sample, mass spectrometry imaging was performed using a custom-built DESI ion source coupled with an Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Using mouse brain tissues as representative samples, 10x-DESI ExMSI achieved a spatial resolution of approximately 5 µm, comparable to the highest levels attained by advanced commercial MALDI-MSI systems. Enhanced resolution allowed clear visualization of fine structural details, such as the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus and the pyramidal layer of the Cornu Ammonis, which were unresolved in unexpanded samples under a 100 μm step size. Lipid profiling demonstrated high retention and detection efficiency, confirming the technique’s suitability for comprehensive molecular imaging. The 10x-DESI ExMSI significantly advances DESI MSI by enabling single-cell level resolution without modifying existing mass spectrometers. The method is simple, cost-effective, and easily implementable in most laboratories, making high-resolution DESI MSI accessible for a wide range of biological applications. This approach overcomes longstanding limitations of DESI imaging and holds great potential for detailed molecular studies at the cellular level.
Too dim, too bright, and just right: Systems analysis of theChlamydomonasdiurnal program upon acclimation to light stress and limitation
Authors: Dupuis Sunnyjoy , Ojeda Valle , Gallaher Sean D. , Purvine Samuel O. , Glaesener Anne G. , Ponce Raquel , Nicora Carrie D. , Bloodsworth Kent , Lipton Mary S. , Niyogi Krishna K. , Iwai Masakazu , Merchant Sabeeha S. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPhotosynthetic organisms coordinate their metabolism and growth with diurnal light, which can range in intensity from limiting to inhibitory. To gain a comprehensive understanding of how diurnal regulatory circuits interface with sensing and response to various light intensities, we performed a systems analysis of synchronizedChlamydomonaspopulations acclimated to low, moderate, and high diurnal light. Transcriptomic and proteomic data revealed that theChlamydomonasrhythmic gene expression program is resilient to limiting and excess light. Although gene expression and photodamage are dynamic over the diurnal cycle,Chlamydomonaspopulations acclimated to low and high diurnal light exhibit constitutive phenotypes with respect to photosystem abundance, thylakoid architecture, and non-photochemical quenching that persist through the night. This suggests that cells “remember” or anticipate the daylight environment. The integrated data constitute an excellent resource for understanding gene regulatory mechanisms and photoprotection in eukaryotes under environmentally relevant conditions.
Differential expression of oncogenic lncRNAs NEAT1 and MALAT1 in 2D monolayer vs. 3D tumoroid culture and its implications in cancer progression
Authors: Ghosh Arpita , Soundharya R. , Jolly Mohit , Majumder Abhijit 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as crucial regulators of cellular processes, overturning their previous classification as “junk” DNA. Their involvement in various cellular functions makes them potential therapeutic targets in a range of diseases, particularly in tumorigenesis and cancer. Among these lncRNAs, MALAT1 (Metastasis-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1) and NEAT1 (Nuclear-Enriched Abundant Transcript 1) are prominent oncogenic lncRNAs with complex regulatory roles across multiple cancer types. Although the roles of these lncRNAs in cancer have been extensively studied, the majority of these investigations have been conducted in 2D culture systems. While 2D cell cultures are well-established and widely accepted models in cell biology, they lack the physiological complexity of 3D tumor architecture. In contrast, 3D cultures, where cells grow as three-dimensional clusters, better mimicin vivoconditions, making them essential for understanding tumor microenvironment (TME) dynamics. Despite the importance of 3D models, there is a lack of literature exploring lncRNA expression in 2D monolayers versus 3D cultures across different cancer types. This study examines the expression and function of the lncRNAs NEAT1 and MALAT1 in 3D tumoroids compared to 2D monolayer cultures, aiming to bridge the gap betweenin vitromodels and the complexin vivotumor microenvironment. We addressed this gap by quantifying the expression differences of NEAT1 and MALAT1 using qRT-PCR in breast cancer, liver cancer, cervical cancer, and glioblastoma (GBM) cells grown in both 2D and 3D cultures. Significant variations in NEAT1 and MALAT1 expression were observed between 2D and 3D cultures across these cancer types, signifying the need to study lncRNAs in 3D micro-environments. Furthermore, we established correlations between NEAT1 expression and cancer traits such as stemness, invasion, glucose transporter expression, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in GBM 3D tumoroids compared to 2D monolayers. Using siRNA to downregulate NEAT1 in GBM tumoroids, we demonstrated that reducing NEAT1 expression to the levels comparable to 2D cultures led to a decrease in the expression of mRNA markers associated with stemness, invasion, glucose transporters, and EMT. Additionally, siRNA-mediated downregulation of NEAT1 in 3D tumoroids directly impacted cancer properties, as validated by phenotypic assays, where reduced proliferation, migration, and invasion were observed in GBM (comparing 3D to 2D models). Therefore, our work provides new insights into the expression of two key oncogenic lncRNAs in 3D microenvironments of various cancers and lays the foundation for integrating lncRNAs as important molecular players within 3D culture systems, offering a better understanding of thein vivocomplexity of the TME.
Assembling Ruthenium Complexes to Form Ruthenosome Unleashing Ferritinophagy-mediated Tumor Suppression
Authors: Meng Caiting , Li Shuaijun , Ma Yana , Yu Hongwen , Song Jiaqi , Zhi Junchao , Zhu Bin , Shao Liang , Liu Xinling , Yang Lulu , Zhang Mingzhen , Zhang Ye , Li Guanying 
Published: October 2024

AbstactWe introduce ruthenosomes, a fusion of liposomal and reactive oxygen species (ROS)–generating properties meticulously engineered as potent ferroptosis inducers (FINs), marking a significant advancement in metallodrug design for cancer therapy. Formed through the self-assembly of oleate-conjugated ruthenium complexes, these ruthenosomes exhibit exceptional cellular uptake, selectively accumulating in mitochondria and causing substantial disruption. This targeted mitochondrial damage significantly elevates ROS levels, triggering autophagy and selectively activating ferritinophagy. Together, these processes sensitize cancer cells to ferroptosis. In vivo, ruthenosomes effectively suppress colorectal tumor growth, underscoring their therapeutic potential. Our study pioneers a design strategy that transforms ruthenium complexes into liposome-like structures capable of inducing ferroptosis independent of light activation. By leveraging ruthenosomes as multifunctional nanocarriers, this research offers a versatile and powerful platform for ROS-mediated, ferroptosis-driven cancer cell eradication.
PWWP-ADD and N-terminal domains of DNMT3B1 confer specificity for developmentally regulated CpG island methylation
Authors: Yasmin Komal , Nesterova Tatyana B , Brockdorff Neil 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCpG methylation in mammalian genomes is established by the closely related de novo DNA methyltransferases DNMT3A and DNMT3B. Whilst both enzymes contribute to pervasive genome-wide CpG methylation, DNMT3B has a unique role in developmentally regulated CpG island (CGI) methylation both on the inactive X chromosome and at other sites in the genome. The mechanistic basis for this specificity is poorly understood. Here we have developed an in vitro embryonic stem cell model system to dissect critical determinants of DNMT3B specificity. Our model faithfully recapitulates developmentally regulated CGI methylation and additionally provides novel insights into CpG methylation at cis-regulatory elements. Using genetic complementation, we show that DNMT3B specificity is attributable solely to the catalytic isoform DNMT3B1. Domain swap experiments demonstrate an important role both for the PWWP-ADD chromatin binding and unstructured N-terminal domains. Together, these findings advance our mechanistic understanding of the unique roles of DNMT enzymes in establishing CpG methylation in development.