bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In silico identification of off-target pesticidal dsRNA binding in honey bees (Apis mellifera)
Authors: Mogren Christina L. , Lundgren Jonathan Gary 
Published: December 2017

Background
Pesticidal RNAs that silence critical gene function have great potential in pest management, but the benefits of this technology must be weighed against non-target organism risks.

Methods
Published studies that developed pesticidal double stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) were collated into a database. The target gene sequences for these pesticidal RNAs were determined, and the degree of similarity with sequences in the honey bee genome were evaluated statistically.

Results
We identified 101 insecticidal RNAs sharing high sequence similarity with genomic regions in honey bees. The likelihood that off-target sequences were similar increased with the number of nucleotides in the dsRNA molecule. The similarities of non-target genes to the pesticidal RNA was unaffected by taxonomic relatedness of the target insect to honey bees, contrary to previous assertions. Gene groups active during honey bee development had disproportionately high sequence similarity with pesticidal RNAs relative to other areas of the genome.

Discussion
Although sequence similarity does not itself guarantee a significant phenotypic effect in honey bees by the primary dsRNA, in silico screening may help to identify appropriate experimental endpoints within a risk assessment framework for pesticidal RNAi.
Plant Uptake of Atmospheric Carbonyl Sulfide in Coast Redwood Forests
Authors: Campbell J. E. , Whelan M. E. , Berry J. A. , Hilton T. W. , Zumkehr A. , Stinecipher J. , Lu Y. , Kornfeld A. , Seibt U. , Dawson T. E. , Montzka S. A. , Baker I. T. , Kulkarni S. , Wang Y. , Herndon S. C. , Zahniser M. S. , Commane R. , Loik M. E. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe future resilience of coast redwoods (Sequoia sempervirens) is now of critical concern due to the detection of a 33% decline in California coastal fog over the 20th century. However, ecosystem‐scale measurements of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance are challenging in coast redwood forests, making it difficult to anticipate the impacts of future changes in fog. To address this methodological problem, we explore coastal variations in atmospheric carbonyl sulfide (COS or OCS), which could potentially be used as a tracer of these ecosystem processes. We conducted atmospheric flask campaigns in coast redwood sites, sampling at surface heights and in the canopy (~70 m), at the University of California Landels‐Hill Big Creek Reserve and Big Basin State Park. We simulated COS atmosphere‐biosphere exchange with a high‐resolution 3‐D model to interpret these data. Flask measurements indicated a persistent daytime drawdown between the coast and the downwind forest (45 ± 6 ppt COS) that is consistent with the expected relationship between COS plant uptake, stomatal conductance, and gross primary production. Other sources and sinks of COS that could introduce noise to the COS tracer technique (soils, anthropogenic activity, nocturnal plant uptake, and surface hydrolysis on leaves) are likely to be small relative to daytime COS plant uptake. These results suggest that COS measurements may be useful for making ecosystem‐scale estimates of carbon, water, and energy exchange in coast redwood forests.
Interhemispheric Asymmetry of the Sunward Plasma Flows for Strongly Dominant IMF BZ > 0
Authors: Yakymenko K. N. , Koustov A. V. , Fiori R. A. D. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSuper Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) convection maps obtained simultaneously in both hemispheres are averaged to infer polar cap ionospheric flow patterns under strongly dominant positive interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz component. The data set consisted of winter observations in the Northern Hemisphere simultaneously with summer observations in the Southern Hemisphere. Long‐lasting high‐latitude dayside reverse convection cells are shown to have faster sunward flows at near‐magnetic noon hours in the summer/Southern Hemisphere. Sunward flows typically deviate from the midnight‐noon meridian toward 10–11 h of magnetic local time in the summer/Southern Hemisphere and are more aligned with the midnight‐noon meridian in the winter/Northern Hemisphere. Flow deviations in the winter/Northern Hemisphere can be both toward prenoon and postnoon hours, and there is no clear relationship between flow deviation and the IMF By component. No strong preference for the sunward flow occurrence depending on the IMF Bx polarity was found. In addition, the rate of the sunward flow speed increase in response to an increase in driving conditions was found to be comparable for the IMF Bx > 0 and Bx < 0.
Systematic Investigation on Synthesis of CuInS2 Powder and its Influencing Factors
Authors: Liu Kegao , Li Jing , Xu Yong , Shi Lei , Gao Wencheng 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCuInS2 powders were prepared by solvothermal method. The effects of experimental conditions on crystal structure, composition phase and morphology were investigated systematically. The phases of product samples were analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) on the Bruker D8 Advance XRD system with Nifiltered Cu‐Kα (λ = 1.5059 Å). The morphology of the product powders were observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) with a model of JSM‐6380LA made by Japan Electronics Co., Ltd. The elemental compositions of the product powders were analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results show that, different solvents have important effects on the crystal structures of CuInS2 powders. With CuC12·2H2O, InCl3 and SC(NH2)2 as raw materials, the wurtzite CuInS2 obtained with the mixed solvent of ethanol and hydrazine hydrate has better crystallinity than that obtained by the mixed solvent of ethylene glycol and hydrazine hydrate. The product powder obtained with ethanol without hydrazine hydrate has major phase chalcopyrite CuInS2. The wurtzite CuInS2 powder consists of aggregated particles with diameters of 0.1 ∼ 0.5 μm. The sample with chalcopyrite has relatively more large particles with diameters of 3 ∼ 5 μm which consist of smaller flakes. The optimum conditions for preparing wurtzite CuInS2 powder are at 160 °C for 20 h using CuC12·2H2O, InCl3 and SC(NH2)2 as raw materials and the mixed solution of ethanol and hydrazine hydrate as solvent. With the increase of reaction temperature, the XRD peaks of chalcopyrite CuInS2 are more obvious, but the new impurity phase Cu2S appears at 220 °C. With holding time prolonging, it is helpful to eliminate the XRD peaks of impurity and promote chalcopyrite CuInS2 formation. The optimum conditions for chalcopyrite CuInS2 are reacting at 220 °C for 30 h with ethanol without hydrazine hydrate as solvent and CuC12·2H2O, InCl3 and SC(NH2)2 as raw materials.
Interferon α2 and interferon γ induce the degranulation independent production of VEGF‐A and IL‐1 receptor antagonist and other mediators from human mast cells
Authors: Oldford Sharon A. , Salsman Suzanne P. , Portales‐Cervantes Liliana , Alyazidi Raidan , Anderson Robert , Haidl Ian D , Marshall Jean S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundMast cells are resident immune effector cells, often studied in the context of allergic disease. Found in substantial numbers at sites of potential infection they are increased at sites of angiogenesis and can be pivotal for the sensing and clearance of a variety of pathogens. Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that are critical for host defence against intracellular pathogens. Increased levels of IFNs are observed during viral infection and in autoimmune diseases. IFNs are also widely used therapeutically and have been examined in the therapy of severe asthma.ObjectiveTo define the selective human mast cell cytokine and chemokine response following activation with type I or type II IFN's.MethodsThe ability of both IFNα2 and IFNγ to induce cytokine production by human cord blood‐derived mast cells was examined in vitro. Cytokine and chemokine production at 6 and 24 h was assessed by multiplex protein analysis. Degranulation was assessed by β‐hexosaminidase release. Mast cells were also treated with reovirus or respiratory syncytial virus and their production of CXCL10, IL‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1Ra), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) examined after 24 h.ResultsIn addition to increased expression of classical IFN response genes, such as CXCL10, small but significant increases in CCL5 and IL‐17 production were observed following IFN activation. Notably, human mast cells produced both VEGF and IL‐1Ra in a dose dependent manner. These responses occurred in the absence of mast cell degranulation by a mechanism consistent with classical IFN signaling. Both reovirus and respiratory syncytial virus infection of mast cells, were also associated with IFN‐dependent IL‐1Ra expression.Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceOur findings demonstrate that IFNs have profound impact on cytokine and chemokine expression by human mast cells, alone or in the context of viral infection. Mast cell VEGF and IL‐1Ra responses to IFNs could impact the regulation of local inflammatory responses and subsequent tissue remodeling.
Transfer Function and Time Series Outlier Analysis: Modelling Soil Salinity in Loamy Sand Soil by Including the Influences of Irrigation Management and Soil Temperature
Authors: Aljoumani Basem , Sànchez‐Espigares Josep A. , Cañameras Nuria , Wessolek Gerd , Josa Ramon 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn variable interval irrigation, simply including soil salinity data in the soil salinity model is not valid for making predictions, because changes in irrigation frequency must also be taken into account. This study on variable interval irrigation used capacitance soil sensors simultaneously to obtain hourly measurements of bulk electrical conductivity (σb), soil temperature (t) and soil water content (θ). Observations of σb were converted so that the electrical conductivity of the pore water (σp) could be estimated as an indicator of soil salinity. Values of θ, t and σp were used to test a mathematical model for studying how σp cross‐correlates with t and θ to predict soil salinity at a given depth. These predictions were based on measurements of σp, t, and θ at a shallow depth. As a result, prediction at shallow depth was successful after integrating intervention analysis and outlier detection into the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. We then used the (multiple‐input/one‐output) transfer function models to logically predict soil salinity at the depths of interest. The model could also correctly determine the effect of the irrigation event on soil salinity. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An attempt at revisiting the factor structure of the Dysexecutive Questionnaire in the Chinese setting
Authors: Yang Zhuo‐Ya , Sun Sai‐Fei , Lui Simon S. Y. , Shi Hai‐Song , Xie Dong‐Jie , Xie Wen‐Lan , Wang Ya , Cheung Eric F. C. , Shum David H. K. , Chan Raymond C. K. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis study examined the factor structure of the Chinese version of the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX) in a large nonclinical sample of college students (n = 1,586). All participants completed the self‐report version of the DEX. An exploratory factor analysis was first performed on a sub‐sample (randomly split, n = 766) and produced a four‐factor model (Volition, Intentionality, Inhibition, and Abstract Problem‐Solving), which was similar to previous models reported in Western samples. In addition, a series of confirmatory factor analyses was conducted on the remaining sample (n = 820). The findings suggested that a four‐factor solution of the self‐report DEX might better explain the latent structure in the present healthy Chinese sample.
Sustainable Bioresource‐Derived Components for Molecular Keypad Lock and IMPLICATION Logic Gate Construction
Authors: Renuka Kizhisseri Devi , Lekshmi C. Lalitha , Joseph Kuruvilla , Mahesh Sankarapillai 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA In view of security information storage, preserving the information at the molecular level is an attractive research goal. This eventually led to the extensive development of “Molecular Keypad Locks” which can be opened only by a particular sequence of chemical inputs. Here we report a molecular keypad lock from two bioresource derived components, one is an azobenzene system from cardanol and a graphene quantum dot derived from honey. This system further used to construct an IMPLICATION logic gate and a fluorescent probe for the detection of a poisonous pesticide Carbofuran. This is the first example of molecular keypad lock constructed from sustainable components and thus opens a new pathway in the field of “Sustainable Molecular Electronics”.
Turning the tide: A plea for cognitively lean interpretations of infant behaviour
Authors: Beisert Miriam , Zmyj Norbert , Daum Moritz M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractKeven & Akins (K&A) revisit the controversial subject of neonatal imitation through analysing the physiological foundations of neonatal spontaneous behaviour. Consequently, they regard imitative capacities in neonates as unlikely. We welcome this approach as an overdue encouragement to refuse cognitively rich interpretations as far as cognitively lean interpretations are conceivable, and apply this rationale to other phenomena in early childhood development.
Spontaneous communication and infant imitation
Authors: Buck Ross 
Published: December 2017

AbstractInfant behavior is viewed in a social-communicative context centered on the phenomenon of spontaneous communication. Symbolic communication is learned and culturally structured, intentional, consists of symbols, and is propositional in content. In contrast, spontaneous communication is innate in both its sending (display) and receiving (preattunement) aspects, non-intentional, consists of signs, and is non-propositional or emotional in content. It underlies infant imitation, interactional synchrony, primary intersubjectivity, emotional empathy, and mirror neurons; and it is associated with oxytocin.
The case against newborn imitation grows stronger
Authors: Jones Susan S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe claim that human newborns imitate is widely accepted and influential. Yet reliable evidence that newborns match modeled behaviors is limited, and there is no empirically based explanation of how the knowledge that imitation requires could develop before birth. In their target article, Keven & Akins (K&A) contribute important new evidence to an alternative account of newborns' matching that challenges the newborn imitation claim.
Effects of PI3K and FSH on steroidogenesis, viability and embryo development of the cumulus–oocyte complex after in vitro culture
Authors: de Souza Danielle Kaiser , Salles Loise Pedrosa , Camargo Ricardo , Gulart Laura Vanessa Mourão , Costa e Silva Suellen , de Lima Beatriz Dolabela , Torres Fernando Araripe Gonçalves , Rosa e Silva Alzira Amélia Martins 
Published: December 2017

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of FSH and PI3K on the nuclear maturation, viability, steroidogenesis and embryo development of bovine cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs). Oocyte maturation was achieved with MIV B, MIV B+100 µM LY294002, MIV B+10 ng/mL follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), or MIV B+10 ng/mL FSH+100 µM LY294002 treatments for 22–24 h. After the cultured COCs were denuded, oocytes were separated into those that extruded polar bodies (mature) and those that did not, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for BAX, BCL2, LHR, FSHR, CYP11A1, CYP19A1 and HSD17B1 genes was performed. The culture medium was collected to determine the levels of 17β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4). The trypan blue test was used to study COC viability, and embryo development was evaluated. FSH increased nuclear maturation and PI3K blocked the maturation but did not influence oocyte viability. BAX and BCL2 expression levels in the cumulus cells were only affected by FSH, and the BAX levels decreased after treatment with LY294002. FSH increased the levels of E2 and P4, however inhibition of PI3K decreased E2 levels. MIV B enhanced levels of LHR, FSHR, CYP11A1, CYP19A1 and HSD17B1, whereas LY294002 inhibited the expression levels of all genes. MIV B+FSH decreased the expression levels of all genes except CYP11A1. LY294002 did not demonstrate any effects in the presence of FSH. Embryo development was significantly decreased when the MIV B+FSH medium was used. In conclusion, FSH controls the steroidogenesis, viability and gene expression in COCs. PI3K plays essential roles in nuclear maturation, steroidogenesis and embryo development.
Between hospitality and asylum: A historical perspective on displaced agency
Authors: Isayev Elena 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis article aims at positioning the agency of the displaced within the longue durée, as it is exposed in contexts of hospitality and asylum, by articulating its key modes: contingent, willed and compelled. Using the ancient world as its starting point, the article exposes the duplicity in conceiving of the current condition of displacement as transient or exceptional. As such, it argues for the urgent need of a shift in the perception of displaced persons from that of impotent victims to potent agents, and to engage with the new forms of exceptional politics which their circumstances engender.
Classification of gene signatures for their information value and functional redundancy
Authors: Cantini Laura , Calzone Laurence , Martignetti Loredana , Rydenfelt Mattias , Blüthgen Nils , Barillot Emmanuel , Zinovyev Andrei 
Published: December 2017

AbstractGene signatures are more and more used to interpret results of omics data analyses but suffer from compositional (large overlap) and functional (correlated read-outs) redundancy. Moreover, many gene signatures rarely come out as significant in statistical tests. Based on pan-cancer data analysis, we construct a restricted set of 962 signatures defined as informative and demonstrate that they have a higher probability to appear enriched in comparative cancer studies. We show that the majority of informative signatures conserve their weights for the genes composing the signature (eigengenes) from one cancer type to another. We finally construct InfoSigMap, an interactive online map of these signatures and their cross-correlations. This map highlights the structure of compositional and functional redundancies between informative signatures, and it charts the territories of biological functions. InfoSigMap can be used to visualize the results of omics data analyses and suggests a rearrangement of existing gene sets.
Plasmon-actuated nano-assembled microshells
Authors: Quint Makiko T. , Sarang Som , Quint David A. , Keshavarz Amir , Stokes Benjamin J. , Subramaniam Anand Bala , Huang Kerwyn Casey , Gopinathan Ajay , Hirst Linda S. , Ghosh Sayantani 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe present three-dimensional microshells formed by self-assembly of densely-packed 5 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Surface functionalization of the AuNPs with custom-designed mesogenic molecules drives the formation of a stable and rigid shell wall, and these unique structures allow encapsulation of cargo that can be contained, virtually leakage-free, over several months. Further, by leveraging the plasmonic response of AuNPs, we can rupture the microshells using optical excitation with ultralow power (<2 mW), controllably and rapidly releasing the encapsulated contents in less than 5 s. The optimal AuNP packing in the wall, moderated by the custom ligands and verified using small angle x-ray spectroscopy, allows us to calculate the heat released in this process, and to simulate the temperature increase originating from the photothermal heating, with great accuracy. Atypically, we find the local heating does not cause a rise of more than 50 °C, which addresses a major shortcoming in plasmon actuated cargo delivery systems. This combination of spectral selectivity, low power requirements, low heat production, and fast release times, along with the versatility in terms of identity of the enclosed cargo, makes these hierarchical microshells suitable for wide-ranging applications, including biological ones.
Lectin activity of the pneumococcal pilin proteins
Authors: Day Christopher J. , Paton Adrienne W. , Harvey Richard M. , Hartley-Tassell Lauren E. , Seib Kate L. , Tiralongo Joe , Bovin Nicolai , Savino Silvana , Masignani Vega , Paton James C. , Jennings Michael P. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractStreptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. The Pilus-1 proteins, RrgA, RrgB and RrgC of S. pneumoniae have been previously assessed for their role in infection, invasive disease and as possible vaccine candidates. In this study we have investigated the glycan binding repertoire of all three Pilus-1 proteins, identifying that the tip adhesin RrgA has the broadest glycan recognition of the three proteins, binding to maltose/cellobiose, α/β linked galactose and blood group A and H antigens. RrgB only bound mannose, while RrgC bound a subset of glycans also recognized by RrgA. Adherence of S. pneumoniae TIGR4 to epithelial cells was tested using four of the oligosaccharides identified through the glycan array analysis as competitive inhibitors. The blood group H trisaccharide provided the best blocking of S. pneumoniae TIGR4 adherence. Adherence is the first step in disease, and host glycoconjugates are a common target for many adhesins. This study has identified Pilus-1 proteins as new lectins involved in the targeting of host glycosylation by S. pneumoniae.
Fabrication of highly conductive graphene/ITO transparent bi-film through CVD and organic additives-free sol-gel techniques
Authors: Hemasiri Bastian Waduge Naveen Harindu , Kim Jae-Kwan , Lee Ji-Myon 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIndium tin oxide (ITO) still remains as the main candidate for high-performance optoelectronic devices, but there is a vital requirement in the development of sol-gel based synthesizing techniques with regards to green environment and higher conductivity. Graphene/ITO transparent bi-film was synthesized by a two-step process: 10 wt. % tin-doped ITO thin films were produced by an environmentally friendly aqueous sol-gel spin coating technique with economical salts of In(NO3)3.H2O and SnCl4, without using organic additives, on surface free energy enhanced (from 53.826 to 97.698 mJm−2) glass substrate by oxygen plasma treatment, which facilitated void-free continuous ITO film due to high surface wetting. The chemical vapor deposited monolayer graphene was transferred onto the synthesized ITO to enhance its electrical properties and it was capable of reducing sheet resistance over 12% while preserving the bi-film surface smoother. The ITO films contain the In2O3 phase only and exhibit the polycrystalline nature of cubic structure with 14.35 ± 0.5 nm crystallite size. The graphene/ITO bi-film exhibits reproducible optical transparency with 88.66% transmittance at 550 nm wavelength, and electrical conductivity with sheet resistance of 117 Ω/sq which is much lower than that of individual sol-gel derived ITO film.