bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sick leave due to diarrhea caused by contamination of drinking water supply with Cryptosporidium hominis in Sweden: a retrospective study
Authors: Ridderstedt Frida , Widerström Micael , Lindh Johan , Lilja Mikael 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We investigated sick leave from work, studies, preschool, and kindergarten occurring between 1 November 2010 and 31 January 2011 and associated with a waterborne outbreak of diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium hominis in late November 2010 in Östersund, Sweden with 45.2% of 60,000 residents being symptomatic. A questionnaire defining acute watery diarrhoea and/or ≥3 diarrhea episodes/day as cryptosporidiosis was sent to 1,508 residents in late January 2011 (response rate 69.2%). Among adults aged 18–60 years, 24.0% took sick leave for a mean of 4.6 (SD ± 4.0) days due to cryptosporidiosis, and an additional 10.6% were absent from work a mean of 4.0 (±2.2) days to care for symptomatic children. Among children (aged ≤17 years), 35.0% stayed home sick from kindergarten/preschool or school/university for a mean of 5.2 (±3.8) days resulting in 5.1 (±4.4) days of absence from work per sick child shared between parents/guardians. The estimated total number of sick leave days was 50,000 for adults and 20,700 for children, with an estimated direct cost of €7 million for employers. The potential impact on society of sick leave caused by waterborne diseases must be considered in decisions regarding the quality of drinking water.
Creating a Virtual Library Classroom Tool for Digital Age Youth
Authors: Patterson Serina 
Published: March 2017

This article considers the changing learning practices of today’s digital youth, the Net Generation, and the use of digital technologies to create collaborative and interactive learning spaces to meet their needs. Specifically, the author details the creation of SD62’s Online Library website, a project designed to explore the impact of e-reading on digital age youth in the classroom. Through the concepts of connectivity, interactivity, and accessibility, it is argued that SD62’s Online Library highlights alternate approaches to online learning and provides a foundation for better integration of Web 2.0 technology into learning environments.
CHANGE OF MARCHANTIA SP SIZE AND COLOUR RELATED TO DISTANCE FROM WATER RESOURCE IN CUGHUP EMBUN, SOUTH SUMATERA
Authors: Marisa Hanifa 
Published: March 2017

An invesgation about size and colour of Marchantia sp moss, had been done in Cughup Embun water fall, Pagar Alam, South Sumatera, Indonesia at November 9th, 2014(end of drough season). The aim was to know wether the distance from water fall (air and soil moisture) should effect the size and colour of those moss. Twenty meters sistematically distance in 4 points location from above slope to water fall pond; 5, 25, 45, 65 and 85 m were considered for Marchantia sp sampling. Body size, colour and existing of Sporangium were noted. It is found that the size of moss body gradually bigger from 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.3 and 1.3 cm. Colour of moss change An from pale brown, pale green, green and deep green. Amount of archegoniopore seems exist in many number at 45 m distance from above ground.Keywords: Marchantia sp, moisture, archegoniopore, antheridiopore.
PANTAI PASIR PADI (PADDY SAND BEACH) OF BANGKA ISLAND; CRABS (Scopimera sp) POPULATION, FEEDING BEHAVIOUR AND THEIR BIRD PREDATOR
Authors: Marisa Hanifa , Ridho Mohammad Rasyid , Sarno - 
Published: March 2017

An observation about beach crab (Scopimera sp) population, their feeding behaviour and predator bird had been done at October 9 th, 2014 in Pantai Pasir Padi, Eastern Bangka Island beach, near Pangkal Pinang town. Ten 1 meter square plots were put at sandy beach and number of Scopimera sp be counted by the number of their hole nest home. Their feeding behaviour observed directly by eye-watching and video making. The threatening of bird predator was noted too. The investigation find out that the mean of crabs population is 17 individu/m2 . They come out from home hole for feeding around by sieving wet sand that be taken by front legs, obsorb organic nutrious material by mouth and kick residual sand to behind legs, move it as a small sand ball to right of left back side. Production of small ball sand were about 15 - 30 balls /per minute. For making the nest hole, bigger sand ball were produced about 7 – 9 ball/minute; ball colour is same with under layer beach sand; quite grey. The crabs run instinctivey fast, when the threat come from their natural enemy, predator bird, Actitis hypoleucos. Bird searching behaviour look adapted to the fast run of crab.
DRAGONFLIES INVENTORY (Odonata) IN KOTA WARINGIN VILLAGE, PUDING BESAR DISTRICT – BANGKA ISLAND
Authors: Pratama Rahmat , Rosalini Rega Alfi 
Published: March 2017

Odonata is considered an environmental indicator group of freshwater habitats. Thus there is a need to have a good baseline data to use it for monitoring fluvial habitats. However, species composition of Odonata in Kota Waringin Village is poorly known.This study aims to determine the diversity of dragonfly species in the Kota Waringin Village, Puding Besar District – Bangka Island. Data were collected at Three different ecosystems in Kota Waringin Village area (River in Forest, River in oil palm plantations and yard). Location for data collection based on the availability of water resources using purposive sampling method. The species were identified using identification books (Dragonfly of Singapore and Australian Dragonfly). Based on research we revealed 13 species of dragonflies are exist in three sampling locations (Agrionoptera insignis, Brachydiplax chalybea, Heliaeschna crassa, Ictinogomphus decoratus melaenops, Nannophya pygmaea, Neurothemis fluctuans, Neurothemis ramburii, Neurothemis terminata, Orthetrum chrysis, Orthetrum Sabina, Rhodothemis rufa, Zyxomma petiolatum and Rhyothemis phyllis). Keywords : Odonata, Dragonflies, Inventory, Conservation, Bangka Island
DISTRIBUTION AND DIVERSITY OF BUTTERFLIES (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) IN CAMPUS AREA INDRALAYA SRIWIJAYA UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH SUMATRA
Authors: Lamin Syafrina , Sari Nirmila , Setiawan Doni 
Published: March 2017

Research on Diversity and distribution of butterflies, was held at the Campus Indralaya Sriwijaya University of South Sumatra. The purpose of this study was to obtain information species diversity of butterflies at the Sriwijaya University of Inderalaya and distribution of species of butterflies in several different habitat types in the campus area Unsri Indralaya. The study used purposive and collection methods in November 2014-january 2015. Sampling sites were divided into five locations: Arboretum, Science Faculty, Faculty of Law, Faculty of Agriculture and Swamp Cape Disconnect. The parameters used are the index of species diversity, dominance index, and evenness index. The results showed that the diversity of butterflies in the region is classified as moderate. Overall found as many as 40 species of butterflies with a number of 609 individuals consisting of 5 the Papilionidae, Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae, and Hesperiidae. Regions Sriwijaya University has a diversity of butterflies that were moderate with criteria (H'1≤H'≤3), in each different habitat types, and not found butterfly species that dominate in every type of habitat in this Unsri region. Distribution of butterflies found in the campus area Unsri Indralaya categorized fairly evenly with a range of values from 0.58 to 0.68.Keywords: Butterflies, Diversity, Distribution , Sriwijaya University of Indralaya
Outcomes of Hospitalised Muscular Dystrophy Patients
Authors: Boussaid Ghilas , Prigent Hélène , Caranhac Gilbert , Annane Djillali , Devaux Christian , Orlikowski David , Lofaso Frédéric 
Published: March 2017

Background: In France, referral centres in teaching hospitals were created 10 years ago to provide MD patients with treatments and follow-up designed to prevent complications and improve outcomes. Respiratory failure is a major cause of death among subjects with MD, and its prevention and treatment can serve as a touchstone for assessing the effectiveness of MD care pathways. Objective: We report data from a preliminary study of admissions of MD patients in France and of factors associated with mortality, with special emphasis on respiratory failure [RF]. Methods: Retrospective analysis of the data from the French nationwide hospital database [ Programme de M é dicalisation des syst é mes d’ information, PMSI] for 2009 and 2010. Results: 7187 admissions of patients with MD were included in the study. Most admissions were to teaching hospitals [5913/7187, 82.3%]. 302 [4.2%] patients were admitted for RF requiring invasive ventilation, 924 [12.9%] for RF requiring only NIV or high-flow oxygen therapy, and 5961 [82.9%] required no respiratory assistance. 494 [6.9%] admissions occurred on an emergency basis. 77/7187 [1.1%] patients died while hospitalised. Teaching-hospital admission was associated with lower frequencies of emergency admission [3.08% vs. 24.5%, p < 0.01] and in-hospital death [0.71% vs. 2.75%, p < 0.01]. Conclusions: Our data suggest that there is room for improvement in care pathways for MD patients requiring admission. Admission to referral centres may provide the best outcomes. Further studies are needed to assess associations between healthcare pathways and outcomes of MD subjects.
Dopamine Transporter Imaging has no Impact on Functional Outcomes in de Novo Probable Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Hickey Patrick T. , Kuchibhatla Maragatha , Scott Burton , Gauger Lisa , Stacy Mark A. 
Published: March 2017

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is among the most prevalent neurodegenerative conditions. While motor and non-motor aspects of this disease have been well characterized, no objective biomarker exists to support an accurate clinical diagnosis. However, newer imaging techniques, including [123I]-FP-CIT (DaTSCAN), have demonstrated utility in differentiating between PD and non-neurodegenerative tremor disorders. Objective: DaTSCAN has been primarily investigated in situations where diagnostic confusion exists, and in these instances has been shown to significantly impact clinical management. The goal of this pilot study was to evaluate the impact of DaTSCAN on the clinical management of patients with early probable PD, where no diagnostic uncertainty exists. Methods: This was a prospective, 54-week, comparative pilot study, in which twenty subjects with de novo PD were randomly assigned to DaTSCAN either immediately upon diagnosis (and again at 6 and 12 months) or delayed to 6 months (and again at 12 months). The primary outcome measure was the frequency of deviation from the initial treatment plan from baseline to 54 weeks between the two groups. Secondary outcomes included motor and non-motor assessments. Results: There was no significant difference in the number of treatment changes over the course of the study between the two groups: initial imaging group = 4.2 (SD:2.74) vs. delayed imaging group = 2.3 (SD:2.0, p = 0.11). In addition, there were no group differences in medication requirements, motor performance, or patient expectations of disease. Conclusions: In patients with early, probable PD, DaTSCAN contributes no additional impact on clinical management or functional outcomes when added to the diagnostic algorithm.
Spherically symmetric volume elements as basis functions for image reconstructions in computed laminography
Authors: Trampert Patrick , Vogelgesang Jonas , Schorr Christian , Maisl Michael , Bogachev Sviatoslav , Marniok Nico , Louis Alfred , Dahmen Tim , Slusallek Philipp 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND: Laminography is a tomographic technique that allows three-dimensional imaging of flat, elongated objects that stretch beyond the extent of a reconstruction volume. Laminography datasets can be reconstructed using iterative algorithms based on the Kaczmarz method. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study is to develop a reconstruction algorithm that provides superior reconstruction quality for a challenging class of problems. METHODS: Images are represented in computer memory using coefficients over basis functions, typically piecewise constant functions (voxels). By replacing voxels with spherically symmetric volume elements (blobs) based on generalized Kaiser-Bessel window functions, we obtained an adapted version of the algebraic reconstruction technique. RESULTS: Band-limiting properties of blob functions are beneficial particular in the case of noisy projections and if only a limited number of projections is available. In this case, using blob basis functions improved the full-width-at-half-maximum resolution from 10.2±1.0 to 9.9±0.9 ( p value = 2.3·10-4). For the same dataset, the signal-to-noise ratio improved from 16.1 to 31.0. The increased computational demand per iteration is compensated for by a faster convergence rate, such that the overall performance is approximately identical for blobs and voxels. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the higher complexity, tomographic reconstruction from computed laminography data should be implemented using blob basis functions, especially if noisy data is expected.
De la clandestinité de l’amour pour les familles à l’intérieur du dispositif de protection de l’enfance au Québec
Authors: Lacharité Carl 
Published: March 2017

L’article vise à montrer que le dispositif de protection de l’enfance au Québec constitue un environnement institutionnel où le sentiment amoureux n’a que peu d’écho, en particulier en ce qui a trait à un phénomène que des professionnelles nomment « l’amour pour les familles ». L’un des obstacles relève de la représentation dominante de l’amour en Occident et de la difficulté à distinguer entre différentes catégories du sentiment amoureux. Un modèle alternatif de l’amour y est présenté. Il permet de rendre compte des expressions « clandestines » de l’amour pour les familles chez les professionnelles.
Aimer son travail : 13 novembre 2015 dans un hôpital parisien
Authors: Gomez Jean-François 
Published: March 2017

À partir du récit de la nuit du 13 novembre 2015 à l’hôpital Saint-Antoine à Paris, proche du Bataclan, l’auteur étudie le comportement du personnel hospitalier, pris dans la tourmente d’événements exceptionnels. La gravité de la situation va les obliger à s’adapter très rapidement ; les principes de hiérarchie et d’organisation se verront radicalement modifiés. L’auteur en tire des réflexions actuelles sur les orientations managériales à l’hôpital, puis par extension sur les évolutions du travail social, alimentées par les travaux récents de deux sociologues. Pour l’idéologie managériale, la grande inconnue est précisément la « merveille » qui s’est produite à Saint-Antoine et qui a pu enfin se libérer : la capacité des professionnels d’aimer leur travail et de s’y investir en pleine capacité.
La politique européenne de transparence (2005-2016) : de la contestation à la consécration du lobbying
Authors: Robert Cécile 
Published: March 2017

Cet article s’attache à comprendre comment une politique promue au nom d’un meilleur contrôle des pratiques de représentation d’intérêts, et parfois d’une vision très critique de ces dernières, a contribué à en consacrer l’usage, y compris auprès de ses plus virulents détracteurs. La transparence apparaît en effet comme une « solution » investie par des acteurs porteurs de représentations très différentes du « problème du lobbying ». Tant chez les acteurs institutionnels que parmi les ONG mobilisées et pour des raisons variées, c’est néanmoins progressivement une conception moralisante, l’envisageant comme une question d’éthique qui l’emporte, au détriment d’une lecture plus politique, qui l’analysait comme l’un des vecteurs de la domination des intérêts privés sur le processus décisionnel européen. L’analyse de la coproduction de cette politique par ses promoteurs publics et privés au cours de la dernière décennie permet ainsi conjointement d’interroger leurs capacités différentielles à orienter l’action publique, et notamment ce qu’implique le fait que le système politique européen impose à ses opposants la forme de leurs revendications.
Inflammatory Changes in Bone Marrow Microenvironment Associated with Declining B Lymphopoiesis
Authors: Kennedy Domenick E. , Knight Katherine L. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
B lymphopoiesis arrests precipitously in rabbits such that by 2–4 mo of age, before sexual maturity, little to no B lymphopoiesis occurs in the bone marrow (BM). Previously, we showed that in mice, adipocytes inhibit B lymphopoiesis in vitro by inducing inflammatory myeloid cells, which produce IL-1β. In this study, we characterized rabbit BM after the arrest of B lymphopoiesis and found a dramatic increase in fat, increased CD11b+ myeloid cells, and upregulated expression of the inflammatory molecules, IL-1β and S100A9, by the myeloid cells. We added BM fat, CD11b+ myeloid cells, and recombinant S100A9 to B lymphopoiesis cultures and found that they inhibited B lymphopoiesis and enhanced myelopoiesis. Unlike IL-1β, which inhibits B lymphopoiesis by acting on early lymphoid progenitors, S100A9 inhibits B lymphopoiesis by acting on myeloid cells and promoting the release of inflammatory molecules, including IL-1β. Many molecules produced by adipocytes activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, and the NLRP3 inhibitor, glibenclamide, restored B lymphopoiesis and minimized induction of myeloid cells induced by adipocyte-conditioned medium in vitro. We suggest that fat provides an inflammatory microenvironment in the BM and promotes/activates myeloid cells to produce inflammatory molecules such as IL-1β and S100A9, which negatively regulate B lymphopoiesis.
G-CSF Receptor Blockade Ameliorates Arthritic Pain and Disease
Authors: Lee Ming-Chin , McCubbin James A. , Christensen Anne D. , Poole Daniel P. , Rajasekhar Pradeep , Lieu TinaMarie , Bunnett Nigel W. , Garcia-Caraballo Sonia , Erickson Andelain , Brierley Stuart M. , Saleh Reem , Achuthan Adrian , Fleetwood Andrew J. , Anderson Robin L. , Hamilton John A. , Cook Andrew D. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
G-CSF or CSF-3, originally defined as a regulator of granulocyte lineage development via its cell surface receptor (G-CSFR), can play a role in inflammation, and hence in many pathologies, due to its effects on mature lineage populations. Given this, and because pain is an extremely important arthritis symptom, the efficacy of an anti–G-CSFR mAb for arthritic pain and disease was compared with that of a neutrophil-depleting mAb, anti-Ly6G, in both adaptive and innate immune-mediated murine models. Pain and disease were ameliorated in Ag-induced arthritis, zymosan-induced arthritis, and methylated BSA/IL-1 arthritis by both prophylactic and therapeutic anti–G-CSFR mAb treatment, whereas only prophylactic anti-Ly6G mAb treatment was effective. Efficacy for pain and disease correlated with reduced joint neutrophil numbers and, importantly, benefits were noted without necessarily the concomitant reduction in circulating neutrophils. Anti–G-CSFR mAb also suppressed zymosan-induced inflammatory pain. A new G-CSF–driven (methylated BSA/G-CSF) arthritis model was established enabling us to demonstrate that pain was blocked by a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, suggesting an indirect effect on neurons. Correspondingly, dorsal root ganglion neurons cultured in G-CSF failed to respond to G-CSF in vitro, and Csf3r gene expression could not be detected in dorsal root ganglion neurons by single-cell RT-PCR. These data suggest that G-CSFR/G-CSF targeting may be a safe therapeutic strategy for arthritis and other inflammatory conditions, particularly those in which pain is important, as well as for inflammatory pain per se.
Can onlay's be an alternative restoration for severely damaged primary teeth
Authors: Coban Begum Gok , Kirzioglu Zuhal , Altun Ayse Ceren 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate indirect compomer and composite resin onlay restorations of severely damaged primary molars in vivo. Materials and Methods: At the study, 48 restorations, in seven girls and ten boys totally 17 patients aged 4–8, was evaluated clinically with using USPHS criteria for 15 months. Results: The study results revealed that the clinical success rate of compomer and composite onlay restorations was 79% and 96%, respectively. No significant differences were found statistically between the materials. Conclusions: In the children severely damaged primary molars, onlays are usually worked with an indirect technique in clinics. One of the advantages of indirect technique is being most similar to its original form morphologically.
Lightness, chroma, and hue distributions in natural teeth measured by a spectrophotometer
Authors: Pustina-Krasniqi Teuta , Shala Kujtim , Staka Gloria , Bicaj Teuta , Ahmedi Enis , Dula Linda 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the distribution of color parameters, lightness (L*), chroma (C), hue (H), a* and b*, in the intercanine sector in maxilla. Material and Methods: Patients' tooth color measurements were performed using an intraoral spectrophotometer VITA Easyshade® (VITA Zahnfabrik H. Rauter GmbH and Co. KG, Bad Sackingen, Germany). The measurements were made in 255 subjects in the intercanine sector in maxilla. Results: The mean values for the group of 255 subjects were as follows: L*, a*, b*, C, and H as 81.6, 0.67, 21.6, 21.7, and 92.7, respectively. For F=206.27 and P < 0.001 between L*, a*, b*, C, H, and central incisor/lateral incisor/canines, there were statistically significant differences. Conclusion: With the statistical analysis, it was determined that there are significant color differences between the teeth of the intercanine sector, which differences are clinically significant also.
Efficacy of transpalatal arch as an anchorage reinforcing unit during orthodontic space closure: A three-dimensional finite element study
Authors: Kudagi Vishal Shrishail , Vijay N. , Kiran Kumar H. C. , Sadashiva Shetty K. 
Published: March 2017

Background and Objectives
Connecting the contralateral upper molars by means of a transpalatal arch (TPA) is thought to decrease the tendency of the molars to move mesially in response to orthodontic force (i.e., provide orthodontic anchorage). This study was hence conducted to investigate the effects of the TPA on the displacement of the molars and stresses generated in the periodontium during orthodontic tooth movement using the finite element method (FEM).

Materials and Methods
A three-dimensional (3D) model was generated using medical modeling software (Mimics) using the computed tomography slice images of the skull which were obtained at a slice thickness of 1 mm. From this, the finite element model was built using HyperMesh and analysis was performed using PATRAN software (MSC Software Corporation, 4675 MacArthur Court, Newport Beach, California 92660). The 3D finite element models were fabricated in two versions such as maxillary first molars including their associated periodontal ligament and alveolar bone one with TPA and another without TPA. Both were subjected to orthodontic forces, and the resultant stress patterns and displacements between the models with and without TPA were determined.

Results
The stress and displacement plots in this study failed to show any significant differences in stress and displacement within the periodontium of molars, between the two models – one with TPA and the other without, in response to the orthodontic force.

Interpretation and Conclusion
The results of the current finite element analysis, therefore, suggest that the presence of a TPA brings about no change in the initial dental and periodontal stress distribution and displacement.