bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Information theoretic evidence for predictive coding in the face processing system
Authors: Brodski-Guerniero Alla , Paasch Georg-Friedrich , Wollstadt Patricia , Özdemir Ipek , Lizier Joseph T. , Wibral Michael 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPredictive coding suggests that the brain infers the causes of its sensations by combining sensory evidence with internal predictions based on available prior knowledge. However, the neurophysiological correlates of (pre-)activated prior knowledge serving these predictions are still unknown. Based on the idea that such pre-activated prior knowledge must be maintained until needed we measured the amount of maintained information in neural signals via the active information storage (AIS) measure. AIS was calculated on whole-brain beamformer-reconstructed source time-courses from magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings of 52 human subjects during the baseline of a Mooney face/house detection task. Pre-activation of prior knowledge for faces showed as alpha- and beta-band related AIS increases in content specific areas; these AIS increases were behaviourally relevant in brain area FFA. Further, AIS allowed decoding of the cued category on a trial-by-trial basis. Moreover, top-down transfer of predictions estimated by transfer entropy was associated with beta frequencies. Our results support accounts that activated prior knowledge and the corresponding predictions are signalled in low-frequency activity (<30 Hz).Significance statementOur perception is not only determined by the information our eyes/retina and other sensory organs receive from the outside world, but strongly depends also on information already present in our brains like prior knowledge about specific situations or objects. A currently popular theory in neuroscience, predictive coding theory, suggests that this prior knowledge is used by the brain to form internal predictions about upcoming sensory information. However, neurophysiological evidence for this hypothesis is rare – mostly because this kind of evidence requires making strong a-priori assumptions about the specific predictions the brain makes and the brain areas involved. Using a novel, assumption-free approach we find that face-related prior knowledge and the derived predictions are represented and transferred in low-frequency brain activity.
The dynamics of human cognition: increasing global integration coupled with decreasing segregation found using iEEG
Authors: Cruzat Josephine , Deco Gustavo , Tauste Adrià , Principe Alessandro , Costa Albert , Kringelbach Morten L. , Rocamora Rodrigo 
Published: November 2016

AbstractCognitive processing requires the ability to flexibly integrate and process information across large brain networks. More information is needed on how brain networks dynamically reorganize to allow such broad communication across many different brain regions in order to integrate the necessary information. Here, we use intracranial EEG to record neural activity from 12 epileptic patients while they perform three cognitive tasks in order to study how the functional connectivity changes to facilitate communication across the underlying network spanning many different brain regions. At the topological level, this facilitation is characterized by measures of integration and segregation. Across all patients, we found significant increases in integration and decreases in segregation during cognitive processing, especially in the gamma band (50-90 Hz). Accordingly, we also found significantly higher level of global synchronization and functional connectivity during the execution of the cognitive task, again particularly in the gamma band. More importantly, we demonstrate here for the first time that the modulations at the level of functional connectivity facilitating communication across the network were not caused by changes in the level of the underlying oscillations but caused by a rearrangement of the mutual synchronisation between the different nodes as proposed by the “Communication Through Coherence” Theory.
History of Antibiotic Adaptation Influences Microbial Evolutionary Dynamics During Subsequent Treatment
Authors: Yen Phillip , Papin Jason A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAntibiotic regimens often include the sequential changing of drugs to limit development and evolution of resistance of bacterial pathogens. It remains unclear how history of adaptation to one antibiotic can influence the resistance profiles when bacteria subsequently adapt to a different antibiotic. Here, we experimentally evolvedPseudomonas aeruginosato six two-drug sequences. We observed drug order-specific effects whereby: adaptation to the first drug can limit subsequent adaptation to the second drug, adaptation to the second drug can restore susceptibility to the first drug, or final resistance levels depend on the order of the two-drug sequence. These findings demonstrate how resistance not only depends on the current drug regimen but also history of past regimens. These order-specific effects have profound clinical implications and provide support for the need to consider history of past drug exposure when designing strategies to mitigate resistance and combat bacterial infections.
NaviCom: A web application to create interactive molecular network portraits using multi-level omics data
Authors: Dorel Mathurin , Barillot Emmanuel , Zinovyev Andrei , Kuperstein Inna 
Published: November 2016

AbstractHuman diseases such as cancer are routinely characterized by high-throughput molecular technologies, and multi-level omics data are accumulated in public databases at increasing rate. Retrieval and visualization of these data in the context of molecular network maps can provide insights into the pattern of molecular functions encompassed by an omics profile. In order to make this task easy, we developed NaviCom, a Python package and web platform for visualization of multi-level omics data on top of biological network maps. NaviCom is bridging the gap between cBioPortal, the most used resource of large-scale cancer omics data and NaviCell, a data visualization web service that contains several molecular network map collections. NaviCom proposes several standardized modes of data display on top of molecular network maps, allowing to address specific biological questions. We illustrate how users can easily create interactive network-based cancer molecular portraits via NaviCom web interface using the maps of Atlas of Cancer Signaling Network (ACSN) and other maps. Analysis of these molecular portraits can help in formulating a scientific hypothesis on the molecular mechanisms deregulated in the studied disease.
Examining brand origin recognition accuracy in Indonesia
Authors: Tjiptono Fandy , Andrianombonana Haja Tiana Rakotondrainibe 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
Brand origin (BO) has been suggested as an important determinant of brand evaluation and purchase intention. However, previous studies have indicated that consumers have limited knowledge and ability to recognize national origin of brands. The purpose of this paper is to assess brand origin recognition accuracy (BORA) and its relationships with brand evaluation and purchase intention in the Indonesian laptop market.

Design/methodology/approach
A convenient sample of 195 people in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta participated in the survey. They were given a list of 18 laptop brands (four local and 14 foreign brands) and were asked to identify their actual national origins.

Findings
The study found that consumers are more likely to misidentify than correctly recognize a true BO. This limited ability also has contributed to the low BORA scores for both local and foreign brands. Brand evaluation was found to be positively correlated with purchase intention. However, the current study could only find partial supports for the relationship between BORA scores and brand evaluation as well as purchase intention.

Practical implications
Many Indonesian consumers are unaware of the laptops’ BO, whether it is foreign or local. Companies need to inform, educate, and/or remind consumers of their brand’s true origin and avoid being associated with a weaker country image. Furthermore, despite all four Indonesian laptop brand names seem to use non-Indonesian names, only one brand gains a slightly better brand evaluation from favorable misclassification. It may suggest that the effectiveness of foreign branding strategy in the Indonesian laptop market is debatable.

Originality/value
This is one of the few studies examining BORA in Indonesia, the world’s fourth most populous country and the largest laptop market in Southeast Asia.
Physician perceived value as a mediating variable between marketing mix strategy and physician satisfaction
Authors: Murshid Mohsen Ali , Mohaidin Zurina , Yen Nee Goh , Fernando Yudi 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
Physician satisfaction (PHS) in the pharmaceutical business is a major issue that has created serious concerns for pharmaceutical companies and medical practitioners. The purpose of this paper is to explore the mediation effect of physician perceived value (PPV) on the relationship between marketing mix strategy (MMS) and PHS in the pharmaceutical industry in Yemen.

Design/methodology/approach
A non-probability purposive sample of 500 physicians was surveyed by using a self-administered questionnaire. Out of the 500 questionnaires, only 192 surveys were returned. Consequently, only 170 questionnaires were usable for the final analysis, with a 34 percent usable response rate. Several statistical techniques were performed including reliability, factor analysis, multiple regressions analysis, and hierarchical regressions to examine the mediation effect of the PPV.

Findings
The results showed that MMS elements, namely, product, price, promotion, and place, significantly contributed to PHS. The results also indicated that MMS elements, namely, price, place, and promotion, significantly contributed to PPV, whereas product showed an insignificant contribution. The PPV significantly contributed to PHS. Hierarchical regression results indicated that PPV partially mediated the relationship among MMS elements, namely, price, place, promotion, and PHS. Product variable was excluded in hierarchical analyses because the variable was insignificant to PPV.

Originality/value
This paper is the first to deal with perceived value as a mediating variable between elements of MMS (4Ps) for drug product and PHS in the context pharmaceutical business.
Job satisfaction and job performance in the media industry
Authors: Valaei Naser , Jiroudi Shokouh 
Published: November 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between job satisfaction and employee performance in the media industry as well as the role of demographic variables, namely, age, gender, income, marital status, and the level of education as categorical moderators on this relationship.Design/methodology/approachA total of 220 valid questionnaires were collected from employees in the Malaysian media industry to examine the goodness of model fit, sign indeterminacy, measurement model, and structural relationships between constructs. Using partial least squares (PLS) path modelling, this study introduces a full-fledged structural equation modelling approach by applying ADANCO 1.1 advanced composite modelling and SmartPLS 3.2.3. PLS-multi-group analysis is applied to examine the heterogeneity of data and test the hypotheses on moderating variables.FindingsPayment, promotion, supervision, operating conditions, co-workers, and nature of the work were found to be conducive to employees’ job performance, among which co-workers generated the highest path coefficient followed by operating conditions, payment, and promotion. Hypotheses on the relationships between fringe benefits, contingent rewards, communication, and job performance were rejected. Age, gender, and level of education were found as moderators to the relationship between facets of job satisfaction and employees’ job performance.Practical implicationsThe results of importance-performance map analysis can help managers and decision makers to prioritize their actions. The findings show that co-workers and operating conditions have the highest importance and payment and contingent rewards have the highest performance on job performance in the media industry.Originality/valueThis study is among the few that investigates the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance in the media industry by considering demographic factors as the moderating variables. This study also contributes methodologically through the introduction of a synergistic PLS approach.
A descriptive analysis of consumer’s price promotion literacy skills
Authors: Tan Pei Jie , Bogomolova Svetlana 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to provide a descriptive analysis of consumers’ ability to comprehend and use common price promotion information when they choose to do so (e.g. to find the least expensive price or to understand the savings amount); second, to identify which consumer groups (in terms of demographic characteristics) find price promotion comprehension particularly challenging.

Design/methodology/approach
An online questionnaire with 14 measures (four literacy, ten numeracy) was administered in the study. Data from 607 Australian consumers were analysed using descriptive, cross-tabulation, and multiple regression analysis via IBM SPSS analytics software.

Findings
On average, 20 per cent of the consumers surveyed were unable to comprehend the price promotion signage. On average, 13 per cent of the consumers were unable to carry out arithmetic tasks using the information on price promotion signage. Multiple regression models showed that income level was the main driving factor for the consumers’ price promotion literacy and numeracy levels.

Research limitations/implications
The present study is the first exploratory examination of consumers’ levels of comprehension (literacy) and effective use (numeracy) regarding common types of price promotion communication. The use of online samples and data collection method overestimates the results effect.

Originality/value
This is a pilot field study to investigate whether levels of consumers’ price promotion literacy and numeracy are adequate for everyday decision making. The information can be used as evidence and justification for further research.
The implications of income dependent equivalence scales for measuring poverty in Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayasinghe Maneka Savithri , Smith Christine , Chai Andreas , Ratnasiri Shyama 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to test whether household preferences satisfy the assumption of base-independence, to examine the effects of household income on equivalence scales and thereby food consumption economies of scale and to examine how far conventional poverty rates require adjustment when scale economies in food consumption are taken into consideration.

Design/methodology/approach
To achieve these aims, the authors use a Pendakur (1999) adaptation of the test of base-independence, and income dependent Engel (1895) equivalence scales.

Findings
In Sri Lanka, the hypothesis of base-independence is rejected: the equivalence scales increase with household income both at the national and the sectoral level, that is urban, rural and estate sectors. This suggests that low-income households enjoy greater scale economies. After adjusting for scale economies, urban, rural and estate poverty headcount ratios decline by 3.2, 8.8 and 13.7, respectively, while at the national level the decline is about 8.3.

Research limitations/implications
The results are based on the assumption that all of the adults in the households have identical tastes, irrespective of their gender and age. Furthermore, the survey data exclude three districts in the northern province of Sri Lanka due to resettlement activities took place after the civil war.

Practical implications
Higher scale economies among the poor imply that poverty among low-income households is overstated when using traditional measures of poverty rates.

Originality/value
The novelty of this paper is that it provides insights on the effect of income on food consumption economies of scale and implications of this phenomenon on poverty estimates in the context of a developing country like Sri Lanka.
Wage growth and occupational mobility in Spain: movers vs stayers
Authors: Ruiz Antonio Caparrós 
Published: November 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the causality between job mobility status, occupational career and wage growth. First, it will be verified whether the type of job-to-job mobility has some influence on the occupational mobility and, second, whether the type of occupational change has some effect on wage growth for both movers and stayers.Design/methodology/approachThe influence of job-to-job mobility on occupational mobility is explained through a random effect panel multinomial logit model to account for the unobserved individual heterogeneity. Next, the effect of occupational mobility on wage growth for both movers and stayers is obtained after applying Heckman’s two-step procedure that corrects the endogeneity of occupational mobility in a panel data framework.FindingsThe main results confirm, first, that inter-firm mobility is a mechanism used by the worker to achieve upward mobility. Second, the accumulation of human capital has a positive influence on promotions for movers and stayers, getting the highest probability of upward occupational mobility for workers with higher education. Moreover, promotion is a suitable mechanism for improving worker’s wages. In particular, the wage gain is between 5 percent for stayers and 9 percent for quitters compared to workers who do not change their occupation.Social implicationsThe main findings of this research would justify the implementation of active labor market policies that increase market transparency and decrease information asymmetries between workers and employers. In this way, the adjustment process between job offer and demand would improve and workers would have more possibilities of ascending on the occupational ladder and getting better-paid jobs.Originality/valueTo the best of the author’s knowledge, this paper is the first study in the economic literature discussing Spain that examines the links between change of firm, occupational mobility and wage dynamics.
Technology for Islamic microfinance’s disbursement and repayment system
Authors: Rozzani Nabilah , Mohamed Intan Salwani , Syed Yusuf Sharifah Norzehan 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the implementation of a mobile network system for an Islamic microfinance institution, made in collaboration with a commercial bank in Malaysia. It also intends to highlight any emerging issues pertaining to the implementation of technology into the disbursement and repayment system of an Islamic microfinance institution from their clients’ perspectives. As Islamic microfinance industry is still growing in Malaysia, findings gathered throughout the course of study are also intended to boost further knowledge relating to this area.

Design/methodology/approach
By using a case study method, interview sessions were conducted separately with clients of the Islamic microfinance institution. The purpose of interview sessions is to identify the benefits and problem that surrounds the usage of mobile banking into the repayment system for Islamic microfinance products. Data triangulation with various public documents was conducted to enhance the credibility and reliability of data, also to support the claims that were made by the respondents.

Findings
It was found that clients are quite satisfied with the disbursement process through a mobile solution. However, the same cannot be said with the repayment process. The difficulties in using the mobile solution pose a major threat to its success. As most clients are not born to be technological savvy, the lack of easiness in methods for the usage of a mobile solution for their transactions pushes them away from further exploring the benefits that can be brought in by the function. Other risks which were highlighted include concerns towards breach of trust and risks of robbery. Clients of the case study, on the other hand, are concerned that the transfer of cash between their meeting venues to the bank would expose them to the public who might try to take advantage from the situation.

Research limitations/implications
As the current study had only focusses on mobile banking aspect of the repayment system for one Islamic microfinance institution, a multiple case study could be adapted to investigate various banking channels being implemented by different Islamic microfinance institutions in Malaysia and their current success.

Practical implications
By highlighting several issues through this study, it is hoped that this Islamic microfinance institution would consider applying other means of payment that are available in the market that is not only cost-efficient, but also beneficial for clients of the institution.

Originality/value
This study highlights the setbacks in the usage of technology by clients of Islamic microfinance institution in Malaysia. Although many approved to the diffusion of innovation in Malaysian banking sector, the same has yet to be achieved in the Islamic microfinance industry, which clients are mostly technology illiterate.
What is the actual prevalence of medical bankruptcies?
Authors: Hackney Donald D. , Friesner Daniel , Johnson Erica H. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
Medical bankruptcies occur when an individual experiences an acute or chronic health event, and the costs of care exceed the individual’s ability to pay. In such cases, the individual typically files for bankruptcy. There is an extensive literature that estimates the prevalence of medical bankruptcy, but studies either select a population whose medical care is extremely expensive or chooses ad hoc thresholds for medical bankruptcy categorizations. In both cases, the prevalence of medical bankruptcy is biased. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the actual prevalence of medical bankruptcies in a manner that avoids these limitations.

Design/methodology/approach
Data are randomly drawn from a single US Bankruptcy Court district. Following the literature, an ad hoc threshold of medical debts which places the bankruptcy filer “at risk” for a medical bankruptcy is postulated. Misclassification analyses are used to estimate the likelihood of a medical bankruptcy filing while adjusting for the use of ad hoc thresholds.

Findings
The naive prevalence of medical bankruptcy is 23.1 percent, but exceeds 50 percent when accounting for misclassification. Many individuals are “ostensibly” medically bankrupt. They are already seriously indebted, and any outside financial shock, including but not limited to medical bills, can push these debtors into insolvency.

Originality/value
Bankruptcy is an important social safety net. An improved understanding of the types and magnitudes of medical debts which precipitate a bankruptcy filing can lead to policies that improve outcomes for bankruptcy filers and reduce the social costs of bankruptcy.