bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How can information science contribute to alzheimer's disease research?
Authors: Erdelez Sanda , Howarth Lynne C. , Gibson Twyla 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTThere are many indicators about the worldwide rise of age‐related neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Significant and urgent improvements are needed in the areas of prevention, drug discovery, treatment, cost‐effective delivery of health‐care service, and caregiver support. Researchers and professionals from medicine, nursing, health care, computer science, economics and other disciplines have intensified interdisciplinary efforts to address this looming global crisis. To‐date, Information Science has been peripheral to these collaborative developments, contributing primarily in traditional areas of user information needs and services. The presenters in this interactive panel will challenge participants with a simple but provocative question: “How can Information Science (IS) contribute to research on AD?” To inspire the generation of ideas for connections among existing streams in IS research and questions critical to AD, the panelists will describe briefly their own research in AD or related areas, and speak to their potential to advance research in AD. The audience will then engage in small group discussions for rapid idea generation, exchange and exploration. The discussions will be structured around interdisciplinary research areas developed at the University of Pennsylvania's Ware Alzheimer Program Model: 1. Drug Discovery, 2. Biomarkers, 3. Recruitment, Retention and Outcomes, 4. Care Coordination. The objective is to discuss: the potential for Information Science to contribute in the areas of research identified in the Model; unique perspectives (methods, theoretical frameworks, service models) that IS could provide; and potential research partnerships that could be established within and outside of IS. The session will conclude with a collective development of priorities for Information Science engagement in AD research. The participants will be encouraged to become instigators of an IS focus on AD research in their own disciplinary areas, and to contribute to the development of a collaborative virtual space for continuing discussion of these priorities.
“A family like ours”: Demographic variations in information seeking behavior and community participation among parents of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Authors: Gibson Amelia , Kaplan Samantha J. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTWe surveyed 906 parents of individuals with Autism/Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) about their information seeking experiences and preferred information sources. Our findings suggest that the most popular information sources are local doctors, therapists, national organization websites and local parent networks.
The coded schoolhouse: Tablet computers and public education
Authors: Crooks Roderic N. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTUsing a South Los Angeles charter school of approximately 500 students operated by a non‐proft charter management organization (CMO) as the primary field site, this two‐year, ethnographic dissertation project examines the implementation of a one‐to‐one tablet computer program in a public high school. This poster examines the variety of ways that information and communication technology (ICT) functions in everyday life within the institution — including classroom instruction, school discipline, and evaluation — through qualitative methods, primarily class observations, photographs, and interviews with teachers, students, and administrators as the program evolved over two consecutive school years. This project contributes needed empirical context to questions of technological innovation in public education, providing the first‐ever multi‐year study of a one‐to‐one tablet computer program in a California public school.
Pre‐discussion's note‐taking in hidden profile tasks
Authors: Xiao Lu , Witherspoon Richelle L. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTIt was discovered over three decades ago that groups tend to discuss common information while failing to discuss unique information in group decision‐making processes. This is called group's information pooling phenomenon or hidden profile problem. We report a work‐in‐progress study here that examines the effectiveness of using pre‐discussion notes to address hidden profiles in group decision‐making. Our data shows a moderate positive correlation between the appearance of a piece of information in participants’ notes and its appearance in the subsequent discussion, suggesting note‐taking prior to the group discussion as an effective approach. Our data also indicates that hidden profiles can affect the group performance through aspects other than information sharing.
Health information needs and seeking behaviors among korean mothers of young children in the United States
Authors: Lee Hanseul Stephanie 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTPrevious studies have noted mothers’ roles as active health information seekers, health managers, and caregivers for their family members. However, little is known about health information needs and seeking behaviors among Korean mothers of young children living in the United States. Using paper‐based surveys, this study found that vaccination, child dental health, parenting, nutrition and diets, and physical exercise were ranked as the five most important topics by the Korean mothers of young children aged 0 to 10 years old in this sample. Furthermore, this study revealed that mothers of boys evaluated the importance of the following two topics significantly higher than those of girls: circumcision (t=3.16, p < .01) and breastfeeding (t=2.47, p < .05). Also, age of child was an important factor influencing mothers’ information needs in three health topics: child dental health (F=5.292, p < .01), physical exercise (F=7.107, p < .01), and child skin care (F=5.640, p < .01). Implications for developing health information services are discussed.
How and why do users change their assessment of search results over time?
Authors: Zhitomirsky‐Geffet Maayan , Bar‐Ilan Judit , Levene Mark 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTIn this study we investigate whether and why users change their preferences when assessing search engine results over time. We conducted a study with 35 subjects who were asked to rank and assign relevance scores to the same set of search results for three times, with a few weeks period between each round. The subjects were then exposed to the differences in their judgements and were asked to explain them. A new coefficient to measure change was introduced to assess the results of the experiment. We found that all the subjects judge the vast majority of the results differently in every round. However, there was less change in relevance judgements than in rankings. Most of the subjects were satisfied with their changes, and did not perceive them as mistakes but rather as a legitimate phenomenon, since they believe that time influences the relevance assessment. Our analysis reveals that the main factors that caused these changes were due to categorical thinking, influence of the learnt information, and environmental and emotional changes.
Subjective vs. objective evaluation of ontological statements with crowdsourcing
Authors: Erez Eden S. , Zhitomirsky‐Geffet Maayan , Bar‐Ilan Judit 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTIn this paper we propose and test a methodology for evaluation of statements of a multi‐viewpoint ontology by crowdsourcing. The task for the workers was to assess each of the given statement as true statements, controversial viewpoint statement or error. Typically, in crowdsourcing experiments the workers are asked for their personal opinions on the given subject. However, in our case their ability to objectively assess others’ opinions is examined as well. We conducted two large‐scale crowdsourcing experiments with about 750 ontological statements originating from diverse single‐viewpoint ontologies. Our results show substantially higher accuracy in evaluation for the objective assessment approach compared to the experiment based on personal opinions.
Utilizing content moderators to investigate critical factors for assessing the quality of answers on brainly, social learning Q&A platform for students: A pilot study
Authors: Choi Erik , Borkowski Michal , Zakoian Julien , Sagan Katie , Scholla Kent , Ponti Crystal , Labedz Michal , Bielski Maciek 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we present data findings from the pilot study focusing on utilizing content moderators from Brainly, a social learning Q&A platform, to assess the quality of answers. Because it can be argued that Brainly users who actively moderate contents may have better contextual understandings of how users interact with each other through question‐answering activities, and which answers are more likely relevant and appropriate to a question in a context of Brainly. The findings indicate that helpfulness, informativeness, and relevance are the most critical factors that have impacts on the quality of answers. Further content analysis also identified two new criteria : 1) descriptiveness – evaluating how well answers provide descriptive summaries through detailed and additional information, and 2) explicitness – clearly constructing answers to reduce vagueness of what information answerers intend to provide to satisfy an asker's need.
Exploratory search in digital libraries: A preliminary examination of the use and role of interface features
Authors: McCay‐Peet Lori , Quan‐Haase Anabel , Kern Dagmar 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTWhat interface features of academic digital libraries (DLs) do scholars use when engaging in an exploratory search task? We compare social scientists’ and computer scientists’ use of interface features in domain‐specific DLs to demonstrate what features may lead to useful and unexpected findings of information. Applying a search user interface framework, we found social scientists were more likely than computer scientists to use control features (e.g., filter options) during exploration. Both sets of scholars found useful information during exploration, but social scientists more frequently reported they also found something unexpected. Findings suggest differences may be due to variances in the interface features used by the two groups. We discuss future research including further examination of the experiences that the use of interface features may elicit.
Toward a semantic stability index (SSI) via a preliminary exploration of translation looping
Authors: Sanentz Shahé Navasart , Lesk Michael 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTThis poster proposes the novel idea of semantic stability and hypothesizes that the relative stability of words, as they undergo algorithmic manipulations, can be measured. It attempts to move toward a proof‐of‐concept for measuring the relative stability of words, by putting forward a preliminary Semantic Stability Index (SSI) and speculates upon the potentials, next steps, and future directions of such an approach.
Health literacy and internet‐ and mobile app‐based health services: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Kim Henna , Xie Bo 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTAs information and communication technologies (ICTs) are increasingly used to support and deliver health care, access to Internet‐based health services is enabling consumers to play an active role in their own health care. Today, this requires consumers to have a certain degree of health literacy within the context of e‐health. To understand the extent to which existing studies have addressed health literacy within the context of Internet‐based services, we conducted a systematic review of the literature. We performed four rounds of selection to identify relevant publications: database selection, keyword search, screening titles and abstracts, and screening the full text. This process produced a final sample of 42 publications. The findings from our review provide insights into how health literacy has been, and should be, addressed in the e‐health era.
News in an online world: The need for an “automatic crap detector”
Authors: Chen Yimin , Conroy Nadia K. , Rubin Victoria L. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTWidespread adoption of internet technologies has changed the way that news is created and consumed. The current online news environment is one that incentivizes speed and spectacle in reporting, at the cost of fact‐checking and verification. The line between user generated content and traditional news has also become increasingly blurred. This poster reviews some of the professional and cultural issues surrounding online news and argues for a two‐pronged approach inspired by Hemingway's “automatic crap detector” (Manning, 1965) in order to address these problems: a) proactive public engagement by educators, librarians, and information specialists to promote digital literacy practices; b) the development of automated tools and technologies to assist journalists in vetting, verifying, and fact‐checking, and to assist news readers by filtering and flagging dubious information.
Automatic deception detection: Methods for finding fake news
Authors: Conroy Nadia K. , Rubin Victoria L. , Chen Yimin 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTThis research surveys the current state‐of‐the‐art technologies that are instrumental in the adoption and development of fake news detection. “Fake news detection” is defined as the task of categorizing news along a continuum of veracity, with an associated measure of certainty. Veracity is compromised by the occurrence of intentional deceptions. The nature of online news publication has changed, such that traditional fact checking and vetting from potential deception is impossible against the flood arising from content generators, as well as various formats and genres.The paper provides a typology of several varieties of veracity assessment methods emerging from two major categories – linguistic cue approaches (with machine learning), and network analysis approaches. We see promise in an innovative hybrid approach that combines linguistic cue and machine learning, with network‐based behavioral data. Although designing a fake news detector is not a straightforward problem, we propose operational guidelines for a feasible fake news detecting system.
Deception detection for news: Three types of fakes
Authors: Rubin Victoria L. , Chen Yimin , Conroy Nadia K. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTA fake news detection system aims to assist users in detecting and filtering out varieties of potentially deceptive news. The prediction of the chances that a particular news item is intentionally deceptive is based on the analysis of previously seen truthful and deceptive news. A scarcity of deceptive news, available as corpora for predictive modeling, is a major stumbling block in this field of natural language processing (NLP) and deception detection. This paper discusses three types of fake news, each in contrast to genuine serious reporting, and weighs their pros and cons as a corpus for text analytics and predictive modeling. Filtering, vetting, and verifying online information continues to be essential in library and information science (LIS), as the lines between traditional news and online information are blurring.
Body‐as‐information: Learning to listen to the body in the context of chronic illness
Authors: Chen Annie T. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTDuring the course of an illness, people may come to learn things about their bodies that they did not previously understand. This poster explores how one group of patients with a chronic illness, fibromyalgia, learned to listen to their bodies over time. This work is part of a larger qualitative study of fibromyalgia patients’ illness journeys. Becoming more attuned to their bodies enabled participants to manage their condition better, including the impact it had on the rest of their lives. This poster also describes ways in which fibromyalgia patients acquire knowledge about how to utilize their bodies as physiological information, and considers how information services, resources and tools could be improved to facilitate the process.
Design and implementation of system for exploring subject headings
Authors: Murakami Harumi , Tang Zhenguo , Kurihara Atsushi 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTSubject headings are tools for subject searches in libraries. Visualization tools for subject headings are available for such public searches as NDLSH and LCSH. We report two questionnaire investigations on how to display subject headings and their relations to visualize the shape and the color of icons and the links that connect them. We created an appropriate design from among the choices that subjects chose and understood. Red was selected for broader terms, blue for narrower terms, and green for related terms. Our participants preferred a square layout to a circular layout. Based on our results, we designed a display of subject headings and implemented a prototype that explores BSH, NDLSH, and LCSH and searches through a university OPAC, the NDL Search, and the LC Online Catalog. With our methodology, a questionnaire survey was performed, and our designs are based on survey results, and a prototype was implemented. Our findings are applicable to other kinds of subject headings, classifications, and thesauruses.
Evaluating answer quality across knowledge domains: Using textual and non‐textual features in social Q&A
Authors: Fu Hengyi , Wu Shuheng , Oh Sanghee 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTAs an increasing important source of information and knowledge, social questioning and answering sites (social Q&A) have attracted significant attention from industry and academia, as they address the challenge of evaluating and predicting the quality of answers on such sites. However, few previous studies examined the answer quality by considering knowledge domains or topics as a potential factor. To fill this gap, a model consisting of 24 textual and non‐textual features of answers was developed in this study to evaluate and predict answer quality for social Q&A, and the model was applied to identify and compare useful features for predicting high‐quality answers across four knowledge domains, including science, technology, art, and recreation. The findings indicate that review and user features are the most powerful indicators of high‐quality answers regardless of knowledge domains, while the usefulness of textual features (length, structure, and writing style) varies across different knowledge domains. In the future, the findings could be applied to automatically assessing answer quality and quality control in social Q&AMP;A.
Examining social media use among parents of children with cancer
Authors: LaValley Susan A. , Gage‐Bouchard Elizabeth A. , Mollica Michelle , Beaupin Lynda 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTAmericans are increasingly using social media for health‐related communication. Facebook is the most widely used social media platform in the US. Much of the previous research on social media and health communication has focused on Facebook Groups related to a specific disease, or Facebook Pages related to an advocacy organization. However, less is known about how people communicate about health on personal Facebook Pages. In this study we expand upon previous research by examining the patterns of Facebook use among one unique population: parents caring for a child with cancer. We examined themes in cancer‐related exchanges through a content analysis of 12 months of data from 18 publically available Facebook Pages hosted by parents of children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (15,852 total posts). Four categories of health‐related Facebook usage emerged: documenting the cancer journey, (2) promoting awareness and advocacy about pediatric cancer, (3) sharing emotional strain associated with caregiving, and (4) mobilizing symbolic and instrumental forms of support. Our findings show that Facebook Pages offer a platform for people to share their cancer experiences, promote advocacy and awareness, and mobilize social support. Information professionals, particularly those who work with consumer and patient populations, should remain aware that social media platforms can provide layperson‐generated, user‐centered content that meets the informational, emotional, and logistical needs of caregivers and patients.
Information seeking and beyond: Impacts of studying different forms of information behavior
Authors: Koh Kyungwon , Oh Kyong Eun , Agarwal Naresh K. , Belkin Nicholas J. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTAlthough people engage in a range of information behaviors, the majority of previous models and empirical research in information behavior tend to focus just on information seeking and use. This panel will discuss the need of extending the territories of information behavior research beyond seeking and use. Panelists will explain their own research studies that explore different forms of information behavior, and introduce emerging models including serendipitous finding of information, information‐organizing behavior, and information‐creating behavior. Theoretical and methodological issues concerning modeling the new modes of information behavior will be discussed. This panel will involve the audience in identifying under‐investigated areas of information behavior and discussing potential impacts of studying various forms of information behavior on individuals, society, organizations, systems & technology, and culture.
Information sharing in community associations: Asian immigrants' experiences
Authors: Khoir Safirotu , Du Jia Tina , Koronios Andy 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTDealing with information in a new land is considered challenging for immigrants. Their adaptation process, including how to seek and share information, usually requires supports from several sources, including various social and community associations. This paper discusses immigrants' information sharing practices within community groups during their settlement processes. Data for analysis includes 197 questionnaires, 35 interviews, and 258 photos. The preliminary results show that Asian immigrants are involved in community associations and online links with both general and particular groupings. The main sharing activities relate to daily activities, culture and religion and knowledge/experience. The findings will provide insights of how sharing activities within community associations support immigrants' settlement.
Deterring the spread of misinformation on social network sites: A social cognitive theory‐guided intervention
Authors: Chen Xinran , Sin Sei‐Ching Joanna , Theng Yin‐Leng , Lee Chei Sian 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTAs more individuals turn to social network sites (SNSs) for information, the spread of misinformation in these sites is becoming a greater concern. Not only can misinformation cause individual users anxiety and harm, but it can also prevent SNSs from realizing their full potential as trustworthy sources of information. This study proposed and tested an intervention‐based strategy that was designed to discourage behavior that promotes the spread of misinformation. Guided by the social cognitive theory (SCT), the intervention sought to modify users' outcome expectations by presenting them with a message that highlighted the negative consequences of misinformation. To investigate the effectiveness of this intervention message, a classical experiment was conducted on‐line with 131 college‐student participants. In the study's experimental group, the ANOVA results showed that the intervention effectively reduced the total number of “Likes” and “Shares” for postings that provided misinformation. Future development and testing of this SCT‐guided, outcome‐expectations‐based intervention is promising.