bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Historical Sociolinguistic Philology – a New Hybrid Discipline, its Interests, and its Scope
Authors: Soukup Barbara 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis contribution presents the basic rationale and principles of a new hybrid discipline of historical sociolinguistic philology, or the sociolinguistically informed study of ancient texts, as showcased in the current special issue. It is shown how an interactional model of communication validates and scaffolds the application of synchronic sociocultural linguistic theory and findings to the analysis of ancient texts in order to achieve a more fully contextualized account and interpretation of their meaning from a perspective contemporary to their origination. In fact, it is argued that any study of ancient texts should take the perspective of its producer(s) and addressee(s) into consideration, and that written language use cannot be satisfactorily accounted for without reference to the immediate, on-the-ground-level social context and situation within which it arose.
Grammatical metaphor and functional idiomaticity
Authors: Pamies-Bertrán Antonio 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOne of the main challenges for research in the field of Phraseology is to discover how phraseological combinations can be integrated into the grammatical rules they seem to contradict. This paper explains some theoretical concepts which may shed some light on the relation between regular syntax and phraseological fixedness. Firstly, we explain how the concept of grammatical metaphor, applied to phraseology, allows to distinguish phrasemes from free combinations, and also to separate the phrasemic subclasses from one another. Secondly, we analyze the different degrees of fixedness of phrasemes in terms of functional idiomaticity, as a consequence of grammatical metaphor, resulting from the relation between the inner and outer syntax of the phrasemes, which is parallel to their semantic idiomaticity. Thirdly, we focus on some particular cases of this mechanism, such as discontinuous, interlocking and overlapping phrasemes, as well as the so-called open-slot idioms. We conclude that the application of grammatical metaphor to phraseology brings up to surface a parallelism between idiomatic meanings and idiomatic structures, which is an essential property of phrasemes.
Does Grammatical Gender Influence Perception? A Study of Polish and French Speakers
Authors: Haertlé Izabella 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Can the perception of a word be influenced by its grammatical gender? Can it happen that speakers of one language perceive an object to have masculine features, while speakers of another language perceive the same object to have feminine features? Previous studies suggest that this is the case, and also that there is some supra-language gender categorisation of objects as natural/feminine and artefact/masculine. This study was an attempt to replicate these findings on another population of subjects. This is the first Polish study of this kind, comparing the perceptions of objects by Polish- and French-speaking individuals. The results of this study show that grammatical gender may cue people to assess objects as masculine or feminine. However, the findings of some previous studies, that feminine features are more often ascribed to natural objects than artifacts, were not replicated.
Understanding Contextual and Social Meaning in Typically Developing Finnish-Speaking Four- To Eight-Year-Old Children
Authors: Loukusa Soile , Mäkinen Leena , Gabbatore Ilaria , Laukkanen-Nevala Päivi , Leinonen Eeva 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This study examined the development of social-pragmatic comprehension in 170 Finnish four- to eight-year-old children. The children were asked to respond to socially and contextually demanding questions targeting their social-pragmatic language processing, and to explain their correct answers in order to elicit their awareness of how they had derived the answers from the context. The results showed that the number of correct answers increased especially between the ages of four and seven years. We found that questions demanding contextual processing without mind-reading were the easiest to understand, followed by questions demanding processing of feelings of others and false beliefs. The questions demanding understanding of relevant language use and processing of contextual factors including mental states and intentions were the most challenging for the children. Between four and five years of age there was a remarkable developmental phase in children’s ability to give proper explanations.
Quantifying Homicide Injuries: A Swedish Time Trend Study Using the Homicide Injury Scale
Authors: Tamsen Fredrik , Sturup Joakim , Thiblin Ingemar 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Studies report that the homicide rate has decreased considerably in most Western countries since the 1990s. However, few studies have examined the level of injury in homicides. The injury severity in homicide victims was studied in the Stockholm area using both the Homicide Injury Scale (HIS) and the number of lethal injuries per victim. Cases were included from four periods; 1976-78, 1986-88, 1996-98, and 2006-08. The number of homicides with overkill according to the HIS was significantly higher in 1996-98 compared to 1976-78. Compared with 1976-78, the number of lethal injuries per victim was significantly higher both in 1996-98 and 2006-2008. There are various possible reasons for the changes, including a brutalization of lethal violence or a more effective trauma care. More in-depth analysis of individual cases together with research on victims of attempted homicides is needed to explain these shifts in injury severity.
Entscheidungsspielräume im Sozialleistungsrecht – Konsequenzen für die Soziale Arbeit
Authors: Fehmel Thilo 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn German public law many legal norms award administrative discretion to authorities. This transition of decision-making from the legislative to the executive has recently increased. The article illustrates this development, which at first is placed in the context of the social rights approach. Afterwards the taxonomy of discretion is shown, and the rationales of areas of discretion in public and social law are discussed. In the third section, the increasing relevance of discretion in granting social benefits – or in imposing sanctions on recipients of benefits – is examined from a social work point of view using three examples in recent social legislation. Finally, the consequences of this development for social work and the required reactions by social work professionals and scholars are reflected.
Diagnostic re-evaluation of congenital hypothyroidism in Macedonia: predictors for transient or permanent hypothyroidism
Authors: Zdraveska Nikolina , Zdravkovska Maja , Anastasovska Violeta , Sukarova-Angelovska Elena , Kocova Mirjana 
Published: January 2018

Background
Diagnostic re-evaluation is important for all patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) for determining the etiology and identifying transient CH cases. Our study is a first thyroxine therapy withdrawal study conducted in Macedonian CH patients for a diagnostic re-evaluation. We aimed to evaluate the etiology of CH, the prevalence of transient CH and identify predictive factors for distinguishing between permanent (PCH) and transient CH (TCH).

Materials and methods
Patients with CH aged >3 years underwent a trial of treatment withdrawal for 4 weeks period. Thyroid function testing (TFT), ultrasound and Technetium-99m pertechnetate thyroid scan were performed thereafter. TCH was defined when TFT remained within normal limits for at least 6-month follow-up. PCH was diagnosed when TFT was abnormal and classified according the imaging findings.

Results
42 (55%) patients had PCH and 34 (45.0%) patients had TCH. Thyroid agenesia was the most prevalent form in the PCH group. Patients with TCH had lower initial thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values (P < 0.0001); higher serum thyroxine levels (P = 0.0023) and lower mean doses of levothyroxine during treatment period (P < 0.0001) than patients with PCH. Initial TSH level <30.5 IU/mL and levothyroxine dose at 3 years of age <2.6 mg/kg/day were a significant predictive factors for TCH; sensitivity 92% and 100%, specificity 75.6% and 76%, respectively.

Conclusion
TCH presents a significant portion of patients with CH. Initial TSH value and levothyroxine dose during treatment period has a predictive role in differentiating TCH from PCH. Earlier re-evaluation, between 2 and 3 years age might be considered in some patients requiring low doses of levothyroxine.
Investigation on surface charasteristics of uncalcinated and calcinated mussel shells
Authors: Dandil Sahra 
Published: January 2018

In recent years, developing economical adsorbents to treat with different types of pollutants has attracted great interest. Waste mussel shells are common wastes produced by the seafood industry. They have some advantages over conventional process such as simplicity of design and low cost. In this study, the uncalcinated and calcinated mussel shells were characterisated for their surface characteristics. Mussel shells washed with tap water several times followed by distilled water and dried at 105°C for 12 hours in an oven. They were powdered to small particles and calcined at 900°C for 2 hours. The sample was finely ground into small particles of different sizes, washed with distilled water and dried overnight at 105°C. And then, the sample was calcined at a heating rate of 2°C/min to 400°C and maintaned at this temperature for 4 hours.The calcined and uncalcined mussel shell samples were characterised by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and Zeta potential mesaurements. The results indicated that calcination studies improved the surface charasteristics of the mussel shells and that the calcinated mussel shells can be used in adsorption studies as a novel low-cost, eco-friendly biosorbent efficiently
Keywords: Adsorption, calcination, characterization, mussel shell.
Analisis Manajemen Stok Jagung di Perum BULOG Divisi Regional Provinsi Jawa Timur
Authors: Diandra Debby 
Published: January 2018

Jagung merupakan bahan pangan pokok dan bahan utama dalam pembuatan pakan di Indonesia. Sesuai Peraturan Menteri Pertanian (Permentan) No. 57 Tahun 2015 tentang pengaturan impor jagung, Perum BULOG merupakan satu-satunya perusahaan yang diizinkan untuk melakukan kegiatan impor jagung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) menganalisis optimasi persediaan jagung di Perum BULOG Divisi Regional Jawa Timur; 2) menganalisis efisiensi biaya persediaan jagung di Perum BULOG Divisi Regional Jawa Timur; 3) menganalisis proyeksi jumlah pesanan jagung ekonomis Perum BULOG Divisi Regional Jawa Timur caturwulan III Tahun 2017 – caturwulan I Tahun 2019. Metode penelitian ini adalah studi kasus. Tujuan 1 dianalisis menggunakan metode economic order quantity (EOQ). Tujuan 2 dianalisis menggunakan rumus TIC dan efisiensi biaya. Tujuan 3 dianalisis menggunakan perhitungan trend kuadrat terkecil. Optimasi persediaan jagung Perum BULOG Divisi Regional Jawa Timur tidak optimal. Efisiensi biaya persediaan jagung Perum BULOG Divisi Regional Jawa Timur tidak efisien. Proyeksi trend EOQ caturwulan III Tahun 2017 – caturwulan I Tahun 2019 cenderung menurun.

Kata kunci: jagung, BULOG, economic order quantity, efisiensi biaya, trend kuadrat terkecil.
Spices with Breast Cancer Chemopreventive and Therapeutic Potentials: A Functional Foods Based-Review
Authors: Muhammad Aliyu , Ibrahim Mohammed Auwal , Erukainure Ochuko Lucky , Malami Ibrahim , Adamu Auwal 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Cancer is a multifaceted metabolic disease that affects sizeable dwellers of rural and
urban areas. Among the various types of cancer, mammary cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers
in women. Its menace can be curbed with locally consumed spices due to their multiple bioactive phytochemicals.

Aims:
This review focuses on the breast cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic potentials of locally consumed
spices.

Methods/Results:

The most commonly consumed spices with breast cancer chemopreventive and
chemotherapeutic phytochemical include pepper, onions, ginger, garlic, curry and thyme containing many
biologically active metabolites ranging from vitamins, fatty acids esters, polyphenols/phenolics, sulfurcontaining
compounds and anthraquinones with proven antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory,
antitumor and anticancer properties against breast cancer/carcinogenesis. Therefore, extracts and active
principles of these spices could be explored in breast cancer chemoprevention and possibly therapeutically
which may provide an avenue for reducing the risk and prevalence of breast cancer.
Memoria y lugar: del espacio fijo al proceso en movimiento
Authors: Ramírez Velázquez Blanca Rebeca 
Published: January 2018

<p>Blanca Rebeca Ramírez Velázquez<br />blare19@hotmail.com</p><p><br />Es doctora en Urbanismo, Geógrafa y Planificadora Regional. Actualmente es profesora e investigadora en la división de Ciencias y Artes para el Diseño, de la carrera de Planeación Territorial, en la UAM-Xochimilco.<br />Entre sus principales obras están La región en su Diferencia: Los valles centrales de Quéretaro, 1940-1990. (1995), Modernidad, Posmodernidad, globalización y territorio (2004), Repensar la Metrópolis II (2015), Teorías sobre la Ciudad en América Latina (2013), Debates y estudios de la Movilidad Laboral en la Región Centro del País: alcances y dimensiones desde México (2015), Espacio, paisaje, región, territorio y lugar vistos desde<br />la dimensión contemporánea (2015), además de haber colaborado con la elaboración del Atlas de Geografía junto con Sámano, Mayén y Calderón. (1978), y compilar la Antología. Unidad de investigación y Docencia. <br />Posgrado de la Facultad de Arquitectura UNAM (1988).</p>
Sobre Juan José Kochen (coord.), El primer Multifamiliar Moderno. Centro Urbano Presidente Alemán, México, Fundación ICA/Fundación Miguel Alemán, 2017. ISBN 978-607-95801-5-5
Authors: Noelle Louise 
Published: January 2018

<p>El año de 1947 fue crucial para México en muchos sentidos. A nivel gubernamental destaca la primera visita de un presidente norteamericano, Harry S. Truman, el 3 de marzo, como resultado de una invitación del entonces presidente, Miguel Alemán, quien buscaba abrir líneas de<br />crédito para impulsar la industrialización al concluir la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Poco después, el 11 de julio las oficinas de la Presidencia de la República dejaron Palacio Nacional para instalarse en la residencia de Los Pinos. En cuanto al ámbito cultural, resulta evidente que quien<br />fuera el primer presidente civil se ocupará particularmente del tema; esto con la creación, el 31 de diciembre del año anterior, del Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes y Literatura, encabezado por Carlos Chávez, con Luis Sandi, Blas Galindo, Enrique Yáñez y Salvador Novo en las <br />subdirecciones. Asimismo, ese año dieron inicio los concursos internos en la Escuela Nacional de Arquitectura para el diseño de la nueva Ciudad Universitaria.</p>
Risk factors associated with open gingival embrasures after orthodontic treatment
Authors: An Sang Su , Choi Yoon Jeong , Kim Ji Young , Chung Chooryung J , Kim Kyung-Ho 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To investigate the incidence of and contributing factors to open gingival embrasures between the central incisors after orthodontic treatment.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred posttreatment patients (29 men and 71 women; mean age, 24.7 years) were divided retrospectively into occurrence and nonoccurrence groups based on intraoral photographs. Based on the severity, the occurrence group was further divided into mild, moderate, and severe groups. Parameters from periapical radiographs, superimposed lateral cephalograms, and study models were compared between the occurrence and the nonoccurrence groups by using independent t-tests and were also analyzed on the basis of severity via analysis of variance. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the contributing factors to open gingival embrasures.

Results:
The incidence of open gingival embrasures between the central incisors was 22% and 36% in the maxilla and the mandible, respectively. Lingual movement of the incisors, distance from the contact point to the alveolar crest after treatment, antero-posterior overlap of the two central incisors before treatment in the maxilla, and distance from the contact point to the alveolar crest after treatment in the mandible were significantly associated with the occurrence of open gingival embrasures (P &lt; .05). In the mandible, the amount of intrusion was significantly related to severity (P &lt; .05).

Conclusions:
The incidence of open gingival embrasures following orthodontic tooth movement is high. Therefore, attention should be paid to the contributing factors to prevent or reduce the occurrence of open gingival embrasures.
Three-dimensional evaluation of maxillary dentoalveolar changes and airway space after distalization in adults
Authors: Park Jae Hyun , Kim Sungkon , Lee Yoon-Jin , Bayome Mohamed , Kook Yoon-Ah , Hong Mihee , Kim Yoonji 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To evaluate the changes in position of the maxillary dentition and the airway space after distalization using a modified C-palatal plate (MCPP) in adult patients through CBCT images and to analyze the relationship between the amount of distalization and the changes in the airway space.

Materials and Methods:
CBCT images of 33 adult Class II patients (22.2 ± 4.0 years old; 27 women and 6 men) treated by total maxillary arch distalization using the MCPP were evaluated before and after distalization. The patients were divided into nonextraction and extraction groups. The changes in the airway space as well as the changes in the positions of the maxillary dentition were evaluated. The distalization effects were calculated and assessed using paired t-tests.

Results:
After distalization, the first molar showed significant distalization and intrusion (P &lt; .001) with no significant rotation of the crown and no significant buccal displacement of its root in the transverse dimension. There were no significant changes in the airway volume or the minimum cross-sectional area of the oropharynx.

Conclusions:
The application of the MCPP resulted in significant total arch distalization without a significant effect on the transverse dimensions or changes in the oropharynx airway space. The MCPP can be considered a viable treatment option for patients with Class II malocclusion.
Small Bowel Malignancy in Patient with Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Diagnosed Using Double Balloon Enteroscopy: A Case Series
Authors: Maulahela Hasan , Fauzi Achmad 
Published: January 2018

Small bowel malignancy is still a rare case as a cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. The symptoms of small bowel malignancy are not specific. One of the symptoms is obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) is defined as recurrent or persistent gastrointestinal bleeding when the result esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonic endoscopy is negative. OGIB accounts for approximately 5% of all gastrointestinal bleeding events. Most OGIB events are attributable to small bowel disease. Double-balloon enteroscopy, also known as push-and-pull enteroscopy is an endoscopic technique for visualization of the small bowel. Here we present 5 cases of small bowel tumours in patient with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding who underwent double balloon enteroscopy at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. Three patients had confirmed gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) from the histopathology examination, while 2 patients were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma.
Evaluation of Resident Confidence Performing Entrustable Professional Activities During the First Year of Residency Training
Authors: Craig Steven , Smith Hayden , Anderson-Suddarth Julie L. , Galioto Nicholas J. , Ganske Corrine M. , Severidt Larry A. , Sidwell Richard A. , Yost William John 
Published: January 2018

Background: Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) for medical students were designed to help prepare students for the clinical roles of residency training. To date, there have been no published studies examining resident confidence performing the EPAs across the first year of post-graduate training.
Objective: To examine self-reported confidence levels of first-year residents performing the 13 activities included in the Core Entrustable Professional Activities for Entering Residency.
Methods: Entering allopathic and osteopathic residents from seven residency programs were contacted at the start, and after 3, 6, and 12 months of training to complete an electronic survey self-assessing confidence performing EPAs.
Results: All 46 (100%) eligible residents completed surveys at the four study time points for the 13 EPAs, which resulted in 2,392 data points. Residents reported a high level of confidence performing four EPAs (i.e., 1, 5, 6, and 9) at baseline. Conversely, more than two-thirds of residents reported a lack of confidence performing four EPAs (i.e., 4, 8, 12, and 13) at baseline. A significant positive trend in confidence from baseline to 12 months was seen in almost all EPAs. However, more than 10% of residents reported not being confident performing EPAs 12 and 13 at twelve months.
Conclusions: Results revealed not all residents reported being confident performing EPAs at the beginning and end of the first year of training. Medical schools need to examine preparation of graduating students in the EPA areas. Residency programs need to assess entering resident competency to determine the need for increased initial supervision and remediation.

Funding/Support: None
Ethical approval: The study received approval from the Human Subjects Committee of UnityPoint Health – Des Moines.
Conflict of Interest: The authors declare they have no competing interests.
Oral Allergy Syndrome
Authors: Muluk Nuray Bayar , Cingi Cemal 
Published: January 2018

Objectives To review oral allergy syndrome (OAS). Methods We searched several medical literature data bases with the following key words: “oral allergy syndrome,” “OAS,” “pollen-food allergy syndrome,” “PFAS,” “allergy,” “diagnosis,” “treatment.” Results Oral allergy syndrome (OAS), also called “pollen-food allergy syndrome,” is a type of food allergy brought about by flavors, nuts, raw fruit, and vegetables. The most well-known symptoms are mouth and throat itching, which starts rapidly after a food is placed in the mouth, and that, as a rule, continues for just a couple of minutes after the food has been swallowed. The frequency of OAS with pollen allergy has been reported as 5–8%; 1–2% of patients with OAS with pollen allergy show extreme responses, e.g., anaphylaxis. Birch tree pollen, ragweed pollen, and grass pollen hypersensitivity cause the symptoms. The diagnosis of OAS is confirmed by a positive history and positive skin-prick test result triggered by the food's fresh extract. Oral challenge result is normally positive with the raw food and negative with the similar cooked food. Conclusion Patients with grass allergy may have a response to peaches, oranges, celery, tomatoes, and melons. Patients with ragweed allergy may show OAS symptoms with melon, cucumber, banana, and zucchini. Physicians should be aware of OAS and know the appropriate treatment.