bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Annealing on Mechanical αc‐Relaxation of Isotactic Polypropylene: A Study from the Intermediate Phase Perspective
Authors: Chang Baobao , Schneider Konrad , Vogel Roland , Heinrich Gert 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe influence of annealing on mechanical αc‐relaxation of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) is investigated. In the sample without annealing, polymer chains in the intermediate phase are constrained by crystallites with a broad size distribution, leading to one αc‐relaxation peak with activation energy (Ea) of 53.39 kJ mol−1. With an annealing temperature between 60 and 105 °C imperfect lamellae melting releases a part of the constraining force. Consequently, two αc‐relaxation peaks can be observed (αc1‐ and αc2‐relaxation in the order of increasing temperature). Both relaxation peaks shift to higher temperatures as annealing temperature increases. Ea of αc1‐relaxation decreases from 38.43 to 35.55 kJ mol−1 as the intermediate phase thickness increases from 2.0 to 2.2 nm. With an annealing temperature higher than 105 °C, a new crystalline phase is formed, which enhances the constraining force on the polymer chains. So the αc1‐relaxation peak is broadened and its position shifts to a higher temperature. Moreover, the polymer chains between the initial and the newly formed crystalline phase are strongly confined. Therefore, the αc2‐relaxation is undetectable. Ea of αc1‐relaxation decreases from 23.58 to 13.68 kJ mol−1 as the intermediate phase thickness increases from 2.3 to 3.0 nm.
Preparation of antistatic high‐density polyethylene composites based on synergistic effect of graphene nanoplatelets and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Wang Quan , Wang Tinglan , Wang Jikui , Guo Weihong , Qian Ziming , Wei Ting 
Published: September 2017

Graphene nanoplatelets are promising candidates for enhancing the electrical conductivity of composites. However, because of their poor dispersion, graphene nanoplatelets must be added in large amounts to achieve the desired electrical properties, but such large amounts limit the industrial application of graphene nanoplatelets. Multi‐walled carbon nanotubes also possess high electrical conductivity accompanied by poor dispersion. Therefore, a synergistic effect was generated between graphene nanoplatelets and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes and used for the first time to prepare antistatic materials with high‐density polyethylene via 1‐step melt blending. The synergistic effect makes it possible to significantly improve the electrical properties by adding a small amount of untreated graphene nanoplatelets and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes and increases the possibility of using graphene nanoplatelets in industrial applications. When only 1 wt% graphene nanoplatelets and 0.5 wt% multi‐walled carbon nanotubes were added, the surface and volume resistivity values of the composites were much lower than those of the composites that were only added 3 wt% graphene nanoplatelets. Additionally, as a result of the synergistic effect of graphene nanoplatelets and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes, the composites met the requirements for antistatic materials.
Investigations of temperature and power effects on Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin‐film formation during a 3‐stage hybrid co‐sputtering/evaporation process
Authors: Posada Jorge , Jubault Marie , Bousquet Angélique , Tomasella Eric , Lincot Daniel 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis work explores a strategy to bring together the advantages of co‐evaporation and sputtering by developing a hybrid co‐sputtering/evaporation process, where copper, indium, and gallium are sputtered with the thermal evaporation of selenium. A 3‐stage hybrid co‐sputtering/evaporation process for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin films solar cells has been developed by controlling the deposition parameters (temperature, sputtering power, and evaporation). (In,Ga)2Se3 layers are deposited in the first stage, followed by Cu2 − xSe and Cu2 − xSe/(In,Ga)2Se3 layers. Material properties at different steps were studied in detail by X‐ray fluorescence, energy dispersive X‐ray, scanning electron microscopy, glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. Solar cells were completed leading to 9.7% efficiency.
Impediments for software test automation: A systematic literature review
Authors: Wiklund Kristian , Eldh Sigrid , Sundmark Daniel , Lundqvist Kristina 
Published: September 2017

SummaryAutomated software testing is a critical enabler for modern software development, where rapid feedback on the product quality is expected. To make the testing work well, it is of high importance that impediments related to test automation are prevented and removed quickly. An enabling factor for all types of improvement is to understand the nature of what is to be improved. We have performed a systematic literature review of reported impediments related to software test automation to contribute to this understanding. In this paper, we present the results from the systematic literature review: The list of identified publications, a categorization of identified impediments, and a qualitative discussion of the impediments proposing a socio‐technical system model of the use and implementation of test automation.
Trauma to the Superior Mesenteric Artery and Superior Mesenteric Vein: A Narrative Review of Rare but Lethal Injuries
Authors: Phillips B. , Reiter S. , Murray E. P. , McDonald D. , Turco L. , Cornell D. L. , Asensio J. A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMesenteric vessels, including the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and vein (SMV), provide and drain the rich blood supply of the midgut and hindgut. SMA and SMV injuries are rare and often lethal. Clinical management of these injuries is not well established, but treatment options include operative, non‐operative, and endovascular strategies. A narrative review of the literature was conducted using MEDLINE Complete‐EBSCO. Relevant studies, specifically those focusing on diagnosis and management of SMA and SMV injuries, were selected. Only original reports and collected series were selected to prevent duplication of cases. A search of the literature for mesenteric arterial injuries yielded 87 studies. Vessel‐specific breakdown of the studies yielded 40 with SMA injuries and 41 with SMV injuries. These searches were winnowed to 26 individual studies, which were included in this collective review. Limitations of this study are similar to all narrative literature reviews: the dependence on previously published research and availability of references as outlined in our methodology. Although historically rare, mesenteric vessel injuries are seen with increasing incidence and continue to present a challenge to trauma surgeons due to their daunting mortality rates. Currently, universal treatment guidelines do not exist, but the various options for their management have been extensively reviewed in the literature.
Interplay Between n‐3 and n‐6 Long‐Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Endocannabinoid System in Brain Protection and Repair
Authors: Dyall Simon C. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe brain is enriched in arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) of the n‐6 and n‐3 series, respectively. Both are essential for optimal brain development and function. Dietary enrichment with DHA and other long‐chain n‐3 PUFA, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), has shown beneficial effects on learning and memory, neuroinflammatory processes, and synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis. ARA, DHA and EPA are precursors to a diverse repertoire of bioactive lipid mediators, including endocannabinoids. The endocannabinoid system comprises cannabinoid receptors, their endogenous ligands, the endocannabinoids, and their biosynthetic and degradation enzymes. Anandamide (AEA) and 2‐arachidonoylglycerol (2‐AG) are the most widely studied endocannabinoids and are both derived from phospholipid‐bound ARA. The endocannabinoid system also has well‐established roles in neuroinflammation, synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis, suggesting an overlap in the neuroprotective effects observed with these different classes of lipids. Indeed, growing evidence suggests a complex interplay between n‐3 and n‐6 LCPUFA and the endocannabinoid system. For example, long‐term DHA and EPA supplementation reduces AEA and 2‐AG levels, with reciprocal increases in levels of the analogous endocannabinoid‐like DHA and EPA‐derived molecules. This review summarises current evidence of this interplay and discusses the therapeutic potential for brain protection and repair.
Adolescent social media use and mental health from adolescent and parent perspectives
Authors: Barry Christopher T. , Sidoti Chloe L. , Briggs Shanelle M. , Reiter Shari R. , Lindsey Rebecca A. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThis study investigated adolescent and parent reports of adolescent social media use and its relation to adolescent psychosocial adjustment. The sample consisted of 226 participants (113 parent‐adolescent dyads) from throughout the United States, with adolescents (55 males, 51 females, 7 unreported) ranging from ages 14 to 17. Parent and adolescent reports of the number of adolescents’ social media accounts were moderately correlated with parent‐reported DSM‐5 symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, ODD, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, as well as adolescent‐reported fear of missing out (FoMO) and loneliness. Lastly, anxiety and depressive symptoms were highest among adolescents with a relatively high number of parent‐reported social media accounts and relatively high FoMO. The implications of these findings and need for related longitudinal studies are discussed.
Relationships among grit, academic performance, perceived academic failure, and stress in associate degree students
Authors: Lee Wincy Wing Sze 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThe present study examined the relationships among grit, academic performance, perceived academic failure, and stress levels of Hong Kong associate degree students using path analysis. Three hundred and forty‐five students from a community college in Hong Kong voluntarily participated in the study. They completed a questionnaire that measured their grit (operationalized as interest and perseverance) and stress levels. The students also provided their actual academic performance and evaluated their perception of their academic performance as a success or a failure. The results of the path analysis showed that interest and perseverance were negatively associated with stress, and only perceived academic failure was positively associated with stress. These findings suggest that psychological appraisal and resources are more important antecedents of stress than objective negative events. Therefore, fostering students' psychological resilience may alleviate the stress experienced by associate degree students or college students in general.
Characterizing biomarker features of cognitively normal individuals with ventriculomegaly
Authors: Li Xiaofeng , Ba Maowen , Ng Kok Pin , Mathotaarachchi Sulantha , Pascoal Tharick A. , Rosa‐Neto Pedro , Gauthier Serge ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: September 2017

AbstractIntroductionThe clinical significance of ventriculomegaly in cognitively normal elderly individuals remains unclear.MethodsWe selected cognitively normal individuals (n = 425) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database and calculated Evans index (EI) based on the ratio of the frontal horn and skull diameter. We defined ventriculomegaly as EI ≥ 0.30, and the participants were stratified into EI ≥ 0.30 group and EI < 0.30 group. Neuropsychological, imaging, and fluid biomarker profiles between the two groups were then compared using regression models.ResultsA total of 96 (22.5%) individuals who had ventriculomegaly performed worse on the cognitive tests; showed smaller hippocampal volume but larger caudate, cingulate, and paracentral gyrus volumes; and displayed lower positron emission tomography [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose standardized uptake value ratio but higher amyloid burden represented by higher [18F]florbetapir standardized uptake value ratio and lower cerebrospinal fluid amyloid β 1–42 levels compared to those without ventriculomegaly.DiscussionAsymptomatic ventriculomegaly might be an early imaging signature of preclinical Alzheimer's disease and/or normal pressure hydrocephalus.
Effect of apolipoprotein E phenotype on the association of plasma amyloid β and amyloid positron emission tomography imaging in Japan
Authors: Tateno Amane , Sakayori Takeshi , Kim Woo Chan , Koeda Michihiko , Kumita Shinichiro , Suzuki Hidenori , Okubo Yoshiro 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIntroductionThe plasma concentration of beta‐amyloid (Aβ) has been considered another biomarker of Alzheimer's disease and was reportedly associated with cortical Aβ accumulation.MethodsWe analyzed 28 subjects with apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4; E4 group) and 89 subjects without ApoE4 (non‐E4 group) to determine the association between cortical Aβ accumulation by standard uptake value ratio with [18F]florbetapir positron emission tomography and plasma Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42.ResultsAβ1–42/Aβ1–40 correlated significantly with mean regional [18F]florbetapir standard uptake value ratio in the non‐E4 group (R2 = 0.06, P = .02) but not in the E4 group, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for Aβ1–42/Aβ1–40 in the non‐E4 group showed sensitivity (92.9%) and specificity (45.9%) with a cutoff value of 0.150 for Aβ positivity.DiscussionWe verified that the correlation between Aβ1–42/Aβ1–40 and Aβ accumulation differed according to ApoE phenotype. The high sensitivity of plasma Aβ1–42/Aβ1–40 for Aβ positivity in non‐E4 subjects indicated a possible role of plasma Aβ1–42/Aβ1–40 as a screening biomarker before amyloid positron emission tomography in clinical settings.
Profile of Surgically-treated Metastatic Extremity Bone Tumours at a University Hospital in Hong Kong
Authors: Maduakonam Dim Edwin , Raymond Yau Ching Hin , Kenneth Ho Wai Yip , Lee Lam Ying 
Published: September 2017

Background/Purpose Metastatic deposits in bones increase overall morbidity in cancer patients. The orthopaedic oncologist aims at controlling the skeletal morbidity as a way of reducing the overall morbidity in the survival period of the cancer patient. This study investigated the characteristics of metastatic extremity bone tumours requiring surgical treatment, with a view to setting a template for a local database of extremity metastatic bone tumours in Hong Kong. Methods A retrospective review of metastatic extremity bone tumours treated surgically at a university hospital in Hong Kong, from January 2006 to December 2015, is presented. Results In total, 126 patients were studied. The lung (28.6%) was the most common source of metastasis to the extremity bones. The femur (70.1%) was most commonly involved. Pathological fractures (47.4%) were the most common indications for surgery. Intramedullary nailing (57.3%) was the most common surgical treatment. The overall postoperative complication rate was 8.7%. The mean duration of follow-up was 10.8 ± 4.1 months. Furthermore, 79.4% of the patients died within the study period, with mean duration of postoperative survival of 6.1 ± 1.1 months. Spinal compression ( p = 0.001), indication for surgery ( p = 0.001), age of the patient ( p = 0.001), and option of surgical treatment ( p = 0.000319) were found to have significantly affected the duration of postoperative survival. Conclusion The surgical management of extremity bone metastasis is a key consideration in averting potentially crippling morbidity. Options of treatment need be carefully chosen in appropriate patients for a good outcome.
Experimental characterisation of carbon fibre brush seal leakage performance as a function of bristle pack geometrical parameters under dry conditions
Authors: Outirba A. Bilal , Hendrick B. Patrick , Nicolas C. Kevin 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTOver the last decades, it has been progressively acknowledged that reducing the specific fuel consumption and the emission of pollutants, as well as improving the thrust-to-weight ratio involves extensive research on advanced sealing technologies. Amongst these, brush seals are particularly well considered for their excellent leakage performance, their low friction properties, and their ability to cope with inevitable rotor excursions during flights. This paper presents the experimental work that has been carried on in order to characterise carbon fibre brush seals leakage rate in function of the bristle pack geometry, under different pressure loads and rotational speeds. The analysed parameters are the bristle-free length, the density and the inter-plate distance. The work, performed by the ULB (Université Libre de Bruxelles) in collaboration with French engine manufacturer Safran Aircraft Engines, highlights specific behaviour of carbon fibre brush seals under differential pressure, proposes a leakage prediction model developed through empirical equations, and discusses over the most influential parameters that influence the air consumption of a brush seal.
Collateral Damage From the Show: Emotional Labor and Unethical Behavior
Authors: Hong Michelle C. , Barnes Christopher M. , Scott Brent A. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT:We extend the behavioral ethics literature to examining emotional labor as an antecedent to unethical behavior. We hypothesize that surface acting is positively associated with unethical behavior. In contrast, we produce competing hypotheses for the relationship between deep acting and unethical behavior. In Study 1, with a field sample of 123 full-time employees, surface acting was positively associated with unethical behavior, and emotional inauthenticity explained some of this relationship. In contrast, deep acting was not associated with unethical behavior. In Study 2, with a field sample of 117 full-time employees, we replicated the effect of surface acting in Study 1 and found a positive relationship between deep acting and unethical behavior via emotional inauthenticity. In Study 3, using a two-wave design, we replicated the results in Study 2 and found perceived fairness strengthens the relationship between surface acting and unethical behavior through emotional inauthenticity.
Factors associated with delay in trauma team activation and impact on patient outcomes
Authors: Connolly Rory , Woo Michael Y. , Lampron Jacinthe , Perry Jeffrey J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveTrauma code activation is initiated by emergency physicians using physiological and anatomical criteria, mechanism of injury, and patient demographic factors. Our objective was to identify factors associated with delayed trauma team activation.MethodsWe assessed consecutive cases from a regional trauma database from January 2008 to March 2014. We defined a delay in trauma code activation as a time greater than 30 minutes from the time of arrival. We conducted univariate analysis for factors potentially influencing trauma team activation, and we subsequently used multiple logistic regression analysis models for delayed activation in relation to mortality, length of stay, and time to operative management.ResultsPatients totalling 846 were included for our analysis; 4.1% (35/846) of trauma codes were activated after 30 minutes. Mean age was 40.8 years in the early group versus 49.2 in the delayed group (p=0.01). Patients were over age 70 years in 7.6% in the early activation group versus 17.1% in the delayed group (p=0.04). There was no significant difference in sex, type of injury, injury severity, or time from injury between the two groups. There was no significant difference in mortality, median length of stay, or median time to operative management.ConclusionsDelayed activation is linked with increasing age with no clear link to increased mortality. Given the severe injuries in the delayed cohort that required activation of the trauma team, further emphasis on the older trauma patient and interventions to recognize this vulnerable population should be made.
Failure to Communicate: Transmission of Extensively Drug-ResistantblaOXA-237-ContainingAcinetobacter baumannii—Multiple Facilities in Oregon, 2012–2014
Authors: Buser Genevieve L. , Cassidy P. Maureen , Cunningham Margaret C. , Rudin Susan , Hujer Andrea M. , Vega Robert , Furuno Jon P. , Marshall Steven H. , Higgins Paul G. , Jacobs Michael R. , Wright Meredith S. , Adams Mark D. , Bonomo Robert A. , Pfeiffer Christopher D. , Beldavs Zintars G. 
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVETo determine the scope, source, and mode of transmission of a multifacility outbreak of extensively drug-resistant (XDR)Acinetobacter baumannii.DESIGNOutbreak investigation.SETTING AND PARTICIPANTSResidents and patients in skilled nursing facilities, long-term acute-care hospital, and acute-care hospitals.METHODSA case was defined as the incident isolate from clinical or surveillance cultures of XDRAcinetobacter baumanniiresistant to imipenem or meropenem and nonsusceptible to all but 1 or 2 antibiotic classes in a patient in an Oregon healthcare facility during January 2012–December 2014. We queried clinical laboratories, reviewed medical records, oversaw patient and environmental surveillance surveys at 2 facilities, and recommended interventions. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and molecular analysis were performed.RESULTSWe identified 21 cases, highly related by PFGE or healthcare facility exposure. Overall, 17 patients (81%) were admitted to either long-term acute-care hospital A (n=8), or skilled nursing facility A (n=8), or both (n=1) prior to XDRA. baumanniiisolation. Interfacility communication of patient or resident XDR status was not performed during transfer between facilities. The rare plasmid-encoded carbapenemase geneblaOXA-237was present in 16 outbreak isolates. Contact precautions, chlorhexidine baths, enhanced environmental cleaning, and interfacility communication were implemented for cases to halt transmission.CONCLUSIONSInterfacility transmission of XDRA. baumanniicarrying the rare blaOXA-237was facilitated by transfer of affected patients without communication to receiving facilities.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2017;38:1335–1341
“IN A PLACE PARALLEL TO GOD”: THE DRAFT, THE DEMONIC, AND THE CONSCIENTIOUS CUBIST
Authors: Berman Nathaniel 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe question “What is religion?” has again been roiling the academy, the courts, and public debate. In 1965, the Supreme Court of the United States opined on this question, deciding the fate of would-be conscientious objectors who would not affirm the existence of God. Relying largely on Paul Tillich, the Court ruled in their favor, expanding the notion of “religious belief” beyond its conventional Western confines. This article reexamines the issues raised in this case by exploring the theology of Paul Tillich, particularly its critique of religion as a separate sphere and its challenge to basic tenets of liberal political theory inherited from John Locke. The article, however, also juxtaposes the religion-expanding aspects of Tillich's thought with his strictures about “demonic” distortions of religion, requiring an excursus into Tillich's notions of the divine/demonic relationship. Tillich's rejection of the compartmentalization of “religion” led him to declare that more religious meaning may be found in putatively “secular” artifacts, such as Cubist art, than in conventionally “religious” symbols and institutions, including the Church. This approach both demands a radically interdisciplinary approach to “religion” and casts a skeptical eye on some putatively “religious” claims. The article concludes by juxtaposing Tillich's anti-essentialist critique of “religion” with more recent, and dramatically different, critiques, particularly those advanced by Talal Asad and Saba Mahmood.