bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Student conceptions of feedback: Impact on self‐regulation, self‐efficacy, and academic achievement
Authors: Brown Gavin T. L. , Peterson Elizabeth R. , Yao Esther S. 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundLecturers give feedback on assessed work in the hope that students will take it on board and use it to help regulate their learning for the next assessment. However, little is known about how students’ conceptions of feedback relate to students’ self‐regulated learning and self‐efficacy beliefs and academic performance.AimsThis study explores student beliefs about the role and purpose of feedback and the relationship of those beliefs to self‐reported self‐regulation and self‐efficacy, and achievement.SampleA total of 278 university students in a general education course on learning theory and approaches in a research‐intensive university.MethodsSelf‐reported survey responses for students’ conceptions of feedback (SCoF), self‐regulation (SRL), academic self‐efficacy (ASE), and Grade Point Average (GPA) were evaluated first with confirmatory factor analysis and then interlinked in a structural equation model.Results and conclusionsThree SCoF factors predicted SRL and/or GPA. The SCoF factor ‘I use feedback’ had positive associations with SRL (β = .44), GPA (β = .45), and ASE (β = .15). The SCoF factors ‘tutor/marker comments’ and ‘peers help’ both had negative relations to GPA (β = −.41 and −.16, respectively). ‘Peers help’ had a positive connection to SRL (β = .21). ASE itself made a small contribution to overall GPA (β = .16), while SRL had no statistically significant relation to GPA. The model indicates the centrality of believing that feedback exists to guide next steps in learning and thus contributes to SRL, ASE, and increased GPA.
Pregnancy outcomes in myeloproliferative neoplasms: UK prospective cohort study
Authors: Alimam Samah , Bewley Susan , Chappell Lucy C. , Knight Marian , Seed Paul , Gray Gabriella , Harrison Claire , Robinson Susan 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThe reported higher risk of maternal and fetal complications in women with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) poses challenge during pregnancy. A national prospective study of maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with a diagnosis of MPN was undertaken via the United Kingdom Obstetric Surveillance System between January 2010 and December 2012. Fifty‐eight women with a diagnosis of MPN were identified; 47 (81%) essential thrombocythaemia, five (9%) polycythaemia vera, five (9%) myelofibrosis and one (2%) MPN‐unclassified. There were 58 live births. The incidence of miscarriage was 1·7/100 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0·04–9·24) and the perinatal mortality rate was 17/1000 (95% CI: 0·44–92·36) live and stillbirths. Incidence of maternal complications was 9% (5/57) pre‐eclampsia, 9% (5/57) post‐partum haemorrhage and 3·5% (2/57) post‐partum haematoma. There were no maternal deaths or thrombotic events. Delivery was induced in 45% (24/53) of women and the Caesarean section rate was 45% (24/53). The majority (85%, 45/53) delivered at term (>37 weeks gestation). Twenty‐two percent (12/54) of neonates were below the 10% centile for growth and 13% (7/54) required admission to a neonatal care‐unit; there were no neonatal deaths. The findings of this large, UK prospective study suggests women with MPN appear to have successful pregnancies with better outcomes than would be anticipated from the literature.
Atrial fibrillation in CLL patients treated with ibrutinib. An international retrospective study
Authors: Thompson Philip A. , Lévy Vincent , Tam Constantine S. , Al Nawakil Chadi , Goudot François‐Xavier , Quinquenel Anne , Ysebaert Loic , Michallet Anne‐Sophie , Dilhuydy Marie‐Sarah , Van Den Neste Eric , Dupuis Jehan , Keating Michael J. , Meune Christophe , Cymbalista Florence 
Published: September 2016

SummaryAtrial fibrillation (AF) occurs in 5–9% of patients treated with ibrutinib for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL); the clinical consequences and optimal management are unclear. We retrospectively studied 56 CLL patients who received ibrutinib and developed AF. Median time to onset was 3·8 months. AF was persistent in 35/56 (62%) cases despite treatment. Clinical consequences included: three episodes of severe cardiac failure (one fatal) and one stroke; eight non‐thrombocytopenic patients (14%) experienced severe bleeding adverse events. Altogether, ibrutinib was permanently discontinued in 26/56 cases (46%). Data to guide optimal management are lacking and clinical practice guidelines are urgently needed.
Qualitative study on decision‐making by prostate cancer physicians during active surveillance
Authors: Loeb Stacy , Curnyn Caitlin , Fagerlin Angela , Braithwaite Ronald Scott , Schwartz Mark D. , Lepor Herbert , Carter Herbert Ballentine , Sedlander Erica 
Published: September 2016

ObjectiveTo explore and identify factors that influence physicians’ decisions while monitoring patients with prostate cancer on active surveillance (AS).Subjects and MethodsA purposive sampling strategy was used to identify physicians treating prostate cancer from diverse clinical backgrounds and geographic areas across the USA. We conducted 24 in‐depth interviews from July to December 2015, until thematic saturation was reached. The Applied Thematic Analysis framework was used to guide data collection and analysis. Interview transcripts were reviewed and coded independently by two researchers. Matrix analysis and NVivo software were used for organization and further analysis.ResultsEight key themes emerged to explain variation in AS monitoring: (i) physician comfort with AS; (ii) protocol selection; (iii) beliefs about the utility and quality of testing; (iv) years of experience and exposure to AS during training; (v) concerns about inflicting ‘harm’; (vi) patient characteristics; (vii) patient preferences; and (viii) financial incentives.ConclusionThese qualitative data reveal which factors influence physicians who manage patients on AS. There is tension between providing standardized care while also considering individual patients’ needs and health status. Additional education on AS is needed during urology training and continuing medical education. Future research is needed to empirically understand whether any specific protocol is superior to tailored, individualized care.
Rectal tube drainage reduces major anastomotic leakage after minimally invasive rectal cancer surgery
Authors: Yang C.‐S. , Choi G.‐S. , Park J. S. , Park S. Y. , Kim H. J. , Choi J.‐I. , Han K. S. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimAnastomotic leakage is the most serious complication following low anterior resection for rectal cancer and is a major cause of postoperative morbidity and mortality. The object of the present study was to investigate whether rectal tube drainage can reduce anastomotic leakage after minimally invasive rectal cancer surgery.MethodThree hundred and seventy‐four patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic LAR for tumours located ≤ 15 cm above the anal verge between 1 April 2012 and 31 October 2014 were assessed retrospectively. Of these, 107 with intermediate risk of anastomotic leakage received transanal rectal tube drainage. The rectal tube group was matched by propensity score analysis with patients not having rectal tube drainage, giving 204 patients in the study. Covariates for propensity score analysis included age, sex, body mass index, tumour height from the anal verge and preoperative chemoradiation.ResultsPatient demographics, tumour location, preoperative chemoradiation and operative results were similar between the two groups. The overall leakage rate was 10.8% (22/204), with no significant difference between the rectal tube group (9.8%) and the nonrectal tube group (11.8%, P = 0.652). Of the patients with anastomotic leakage, major leakage requiring reoperation developed in 11.8% of those without and 3.9% of those with a rectal tube. On multivariate analysis, age over 65 years and nonuse of a rectal tube were found to be independent risk factors for major anastomotic leakage.ConclusionRectal tube placement may be a safe and effective method of reducing the rate of major anastomotic leakage, alleviating the clinical course of leakage following minimally invasive rectal cancer surgery.
The Impact of Product Returns and Retailer's Service Investment on Manufacturer's Channel Strategies*
Authors: Xia Yusen , Xiao Tiaojun , Zhang G. Peter 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTWe study the distribution channel decision of a manufacturer who considers whether to add an online channel (direct channel) to its brick‐and‐mortar retailer (indirect channel). The retailer faces the opportunity to invest in store assistance to help consumers choose products and thus reduce product returns. Special attention is given to the impact of product returns and retailer's store assistance investment on manufacturer's dual channel decision. We examine conditions under which the manufacturer uses dual channels and how various relevant factors affect its channel decision under two settings, depending on whether the retailer has its own online store or not. When the retailer does not have its online store, we find that (i) the addition of the direct channel raises the wholesale price; (ii) the direct channel addition hurts the retailer if the nonreplacement rate is low; (iii) the manufacturer has a lower incentive to add the direct channel when the retailer's service cost is lower or its returns reduction rate from service investment is higher; and (iv) the manufacturer should treat its own returns handling cost as a key factor in its channel structure decision. In addition, when the retailer operates an online store, we find that the manufacturer may have an incentive to add a direct channel such that both firms own direct channels.
Temperature‐driven changes in the diet preference of omnivorous copepods: no more meat when it's hot? A response to Winder et al.
Authors: Boersma Maarten , Mathew K. Avarachen , Niehoff Barbara , Schoo Katherina L. , Franco‐Santos Rita M. , Meunier Cédric L. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe study of environmental impact on feeding preferences of omnivores is a rapidly growing field. Here, we show that the criticism put forward in a comment on our original study is largely unfounded.
Investigating the Influence of Non‐Spectral Matrix Effects in the Determination of Twenty‐Two Trace Elements in Rock Samples by ICP‐QMS
Authors: Yokoyama Tetsuya , Nagai Yuichiro , Hinohara Yu , Mori Tomohiko 
Published: September 2016

The influence of non‐spectral matrix effects on the determination of twenty‐two trace elements (Rb, Sr, Y, Cs, Ba, lanthanides, Pb, Th and U) in rock samples using ICP‐MS was investigated. Three types of multi‐element solutions were synthesised containing the twenty‐two trace elements, In, Tl and ten major rock‐forming elements with varying mass fractions mimicking the compositions of basalt, peridotite and dolomite. The synthetic solutions were conditioned to have dilution factors (DF) of 1000–10000. The extent of sensitivity suppression relative to the DF = 10000 solution became more significant for smaller DF solutions, which was not constant across different elements in a single solution but displayed general dependence on m/z. This indicates that at least two internal standards (e.g., In and Tl) are required for the correction of sensitivity variation. On the basis of the results, a new isotope dilution‐internal standardisation method for the determination of twenty‐two trace elements with ICP‐MS was developed, in which the sensitivity variation was corrected by monitoring two enriched isotopes, 113In and 203Tl. This method, coupled with the quantitative correction of interference from oxides and hydroxides, achieved precise determination of twenty‐two trace elements in some rock reference materials with reproducibilities of ±2% for basaltic to andesitic samples.
How does the Funding Status of Defined Benefit Pension Plans Affect Investment Decisions of Firms in the United States?
Authors: Chaudhry Neeru , Au Yong Hue Hwa , Veld Chris 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe investigate whether the flexibility in making contributions towards defined benefit pension plans sponsored by firms in the United States allows managers to save cash and increase investments. Firms invest more at higher levels of pension deficit, defined as pension benefit obligations less pension assets, and scaled by total assets. At the median level (90th percentile) of pension deficit, investments increase by 6.7 cents (9.4 cents) for every dollar increase in cash. As the pension deficit increases, firms deviate more from the predicted level of investment. These findings suggest that the incremental investments are more likely to represent overinvestment by managers. Our results are robust to alternative model specifications and endogeneity concerns that may arise if investments are jointly determined with the funding policy of pension plans and the firm's target cash level. We repeat our main analysis for the United Kingdom and also find for that country that, at a fixed cash level, total investment increases as pension deficit increases.
Body composition of obese adolescents: association between adiposity indicators and cardiometabolic risk factors
Authors: Araújo A. J. S. , Santos A. C. O. , Prado W. L. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe association between obesity during adolescence and the increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases indicates the need to identify reproducible and cost effective methods for identifying individuals who are at increased risk of developing diseases. The present cross‐sectional study investigated the occurrence of metabolic consequences of obesity in adolescents and the use of adiposity indicators as predictors of cardiometabolic risk.MethodsA fasting blood sample was taken in 93 pubertal obese adolescents aged 13–18 years old (39 males, 54 females) for the assessment of cardiometabolic risk markers (glucose, lipid profiles, insulin resistence, and inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers). Together with anthropometry, total fat mass and lean mass were determined by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA).ResultsThe prevalence of dyslipidaemia and disorders in glucose metabolism are noticeably higher in the present study. There was no correlation between the percentage of body fat according to DXA and most indicators of adiposity. For boys, the arm circumference values predicted the increase in fasting insulin (r² = 0.200), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (r² = 0.267) and cardiometabolic risk score (r² = 0.338). The percentage of body fat according to DXA predicted the inflammation score (r² = 0.172). For girls, body mass index was the parameter that best described the variability of fasting insulin (r² = 0.079) and inflammation score (r² = 0.263). The waist‐to‐stature ratio was able to predict the triglyceride values (r² = 0.090).ConclusionsAnthropometric measures of adiposity, such a body mass index, waist‐to‐stature ratio, arm circumference and waist circumference,should be considered in the clinical evaluation of obese adolescents.
Deficiency in the voltage‐gated proton channel Hv1 increases M2 polarization of microglia and attenuates brain damage from photothrombotic ischemic stroke
Authors: Tian Dai‐Shi , Li Chun‐Yu , Qin Chuan , Murugan Madhuvika , Wu Long‐Jun , Liu Jun‐Li 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMicroglia become activated during cerebral ischemia and exert pro‐inflammatory or anti‐inflammatory role dependent of microglial polarization. NADPH oxidase (NOX)‐dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in microglia plays an important role in neuronal damage after ischemic stroke. Recently, NOX and ROS are consistently reported to participate in the microglial activation and polarization; NOX2 inhibition or suppression of ROS production are shown to shift the microglial polarization from M1 toward M2 state after stroke. The voltage‐gated proton channel, Hv1, is selectively expressed in microglia and is required for NOX‐dependent ROS generation in the brain. However, the effect of Hv1 proton channel on microglial M1/M2 polarization state after cerebral ischemia remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of microglial Hv1 proton channel in modulating microglial M1/M2 polarization during the pathogenesis of ischemic cerebral injury using a mouse model of photothrombosis. Following photothrombotic ischemic stroke, wild‐type mice presented obvious brain infarct, neuronal damage, and impaired motor coordination. However, mice lacking Hv1 (Hv1−/−) were partially protected from brain damage and motor deficits compared to wild‐type mice. These rescued phenotypes in Hv1−/− mice in ischemic stroke is accompanied by reduced ROS production, shifted the microglial polarization from M1 to M2 state. Hv1 deficiency was also found to shift the M1/M2 polarization in primary cultured microglia. Our study suggests that the microglial Hv1 proton channel is a unique target for modulation of microglial M1/M2 polarization in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.
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The voltage‐gated proton channel, Hv1, is selectively expressed in microglia and is required for NOX‐dependent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brain. ROS participate in microglial activation and polarization. However, the effect of Hv1 on microglial M1/M2 polarization state after cerebral ischemia remains unknown. Hv1 deficiency was found to shift the microglial polarization from M1 to M2 state in ischemic stroke accompanied by reduced ROS production. Our study suggests that the microglial Hv1 proton channel is a unique target for modulation of microglial M1/M2 polarization in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.
Genetic polymorphisms in the serotonergic system are associated with circadian manifestations of bruxism
Authors: Oporto G. H. , Bornhardt T. , Iturriaga V. , Salazar L. A. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryBruxism (BRX) is a condition of great interest for researchers and clinicians in dental and medical areas. BRX has two circadian manifestations; it can occur during sleep (sleep bruxism, SB) or during wakefulness (awake bruxism, WB). However, it can be suffered together. Recent investigations suggest that central nervous system neurotransmitters and their genes could be involved in the genesis of BRX. Serotonin is responsible for the circadian rhythm, maintaining arousal, regulating stress response, muscle tone and breathing. Thus, serotonin could be associated with BRX pathogenesis. The aim of this work was to evaluate the frequency of genetic polymorphisms in the genes HTR1A (rs6295), HTR2A (rs1923884, rs4941573, rs6313, rs2770304), HTR2C (rs17260565) and SLC6A4 (rs63749047) in subjects undergoing BRX treatment. Patients included were classified according to their diagnosis in awake bruxism (61 patients), sleep bruxism (26 patients) and both (43 patients). The control group included 59 healthy patients with no signs of BRX. Data showed significant differences in allelic frequencies for the HTR2A rs2770304 polymorphism, where the C allele was associated with increased risk of SB (odds ratio = 2·13, 95% confidence interval: 1·08–4·21, P = 0·03). Our results suggest that polymorphisms in serotonergic pathways are involved in sleep bruxism. Further research is needed to clarify and increase the current understanding of BRX physiopathology.
Modulatory effects of interferon‐γ and interleukin‐4 on cellular immune responses against Hypoderma lineatum antigens
Authors: CABANELAS E. , LÓPEZ C. M. , DÍAZ P. , PÉREZ ‐CREO A. , MORRONDO P. , DÍEZ ‐BAÑOS P. , PANADERO R. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis study investigates the in vitro modulatory effects of interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) and interleukin‐4 (IL‐4) on both proliferative bovine T cell responses and IL‐10 production induced by different antigens [crude larval extract and the purified fractions hypodermin A, B and C (HyA, HyB, HyC)] obtained from first instars of Hypoderma lineatum (Diptera: Oestridae), alone or in the presence of the mitogen concanavalin A. Incubation with the different parasitic antigens resulted in significant inhibition of T cell proliferation and IL‐10 production, which, in general, did not revert after the addition of IFN‐γ and IL‐4. In the absence of antigens, IL‐4 induced significant inhibition of mitogen‐induced T cell responses. Exogenous IFN‐γ exhibited an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation in the presence of the purified fractions HyB and HyC. These in vitro data suggest that far from neutralizing the effects of larval antigens, the addition of IFN‐γ potentiates their anti‐proliferative activity; by contrast, IL‐4 had no consistent effects on proliferative responses to Hypoderma. IL‐4 provoked an increment of IL‐10 levels in supernatants of HyB‐stimulated cells. In conclusion, exogenous IFN‐γ and IL‐4 were unable to counteract the suppressor effects of H. lineatum antigens.
Tapentadol Prolonged Release for Chronic Pain: A Review of Clinical Trials and 5 Years of Routine Clinical Practice Data
Authors: Baron Ralf , Eberhart Leopold , Kern Kai‐Uwe , Regner Stefan , Rolke Roman , Simanski Christian , Tölle Thomas 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTapentadol prolonged release (PR) for the treatment of moderate to severe chronic pain combines 2 modes of action. These are μ‐opioid receptor agonism and noradrenaline reuptake inhibition in a single molecule that allow higher analgesic potency through modulation of different pharmacological targets within the pain transmitting systems. At the same time, this can also serve as a clue for modulation of different pain‐generating mechanisms according to nociceptive, neuropathic, or mixed pain conditions. Tapentadol PR has now been on the market for 5 years, with over 4.6 million people treated worldwide. A panel of pain specialists convened in Germany to review the clinical program and to discuss the role of tapentadol PR in the management of chronic pain. The clinical study program demonstrated effective and generally well‐tolerated treatment for up to 2 years in a broad range of chronic pain conditions, including those with neuropathic pain components. This was confirmed in routine clinical practice observations. Head‐to‐head studies with World Health Organization (WHO) III opioids such as oxycodone controlled release and oxycodone/naloxone PR showed at least comparable pain relief in the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe musculoskeletal pain. Rotation from poorly tolerated WHO III opioids to tapentadol PR provided effective pain relief and better symptom control for musculoskeletal pain compared to previous medication. Functionality, health status and quality of life also improved under tapentadol PR treatment. The gastrointestinal tolerability profile was more favorable compared to other tested WHO III opioids. Tapentadol PR has a good safety profile and no evidence of acquired tolerance from the long‐term data so far collected. Overall, tapentadol PR represents an effective and generally well‐tolerated alternative to “classical” opioidergic drugs.