bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cervical Precancer and Cancer Risk by Human Papillomavirus Status and Cytologic Interpretation: Implications for Risk-Based Management
Authors: Castle Philip E. , Aslam Shagufta , Behrens Catherine 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer risks, estimated by using cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3) or more severe diagnoses (≥CIN3) endpoints, have not been quantified for different combinations of results from currently approved screening methods. Understanding these risks will guide optimal patient management.
Methods: Women aged ≥25 years (n = 7,823) underwent high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) and liquid-based cytology (LBC) testing. Women with hrHPV-positive results and/or abnormal LBC, plus a random subset of hrHPV and LBC negatives, underwent colposcopy; those without ≥CIN2 at baseline were screened annually by LBC and referred to colposcopy for an abnormal LBC (n = 7,392). One- and 3-year ≥CIN3 risks with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated for paired hrHPV and LBC (hrHPV/LBC) results.
Results: One-year ≥CIN3 risks ranged from 81.27% (95% CI, 66.02%–90.65%) for HPV16 positive/high-grade to 0.33% (95% CI, 0.18%–0.62%) for hrHPV negative/negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM). One-year ≥CIN3 risk for HPV16/NILM (13.95%; 95% CI, 10.98%–17.58%) was greater than low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL; 7.90%; 95% CI, 5.99%–10.37%; P = 0.002) and similar to hrHPV-positive/LSIL (11.45%; 95% CI, 8.61%–15.07%; P = 0.3). Three-year ≥CIN3 risks for HPV16 positive/LSIL and HPV16/atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance was 24.79% (95% CI, 16.44%–35.58%) and 24.36% (95% CI, 15.86%–35.50%), respectively, and 0.72% (95% CI, 0.45%–1.14%) for hrHPV negative/NILM.
Conclusions: hrHPV and LBC results stratify cervical cancer risk by more than two orders of magnitude. HPV16-positive women, regardless of the LBC result, warrant immediate colposcopy. Women with concurrent HPV16 and high-grade LBC might consider treatment without a confirmatory biopsy with informed decision-making with their provider.
Impact: These results provide relevant benchmarks for risk-based cervical cancer screening and management. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(12); 1595–9. ©2016 AACR.
Regulatory T Cells: Differentiation and Function
Authors: Plitas George , Rudensky Alexander Y. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe immune system of vertebrate animals has evolved to mount an effective defense against a diverse set of pathogens while minimizing transient or lasting impairment in tissue function that could result from the inflammation caused by immune responses to infectious agents. In addition, misguided immune responses to “self” and dietary antigens, as well as to commensal microorganisms, can lead to a variety of inflammatory disorders, including autoimmunity, metabolic syndrome, allergies, and cancer. Regulatory T cells expressing the X chromosome–linked transcription factor Foxp3 suppress inflammatory responses in diverse biological settings and serve as a vital mechanism of negative regulation of immune-mediated inflammation. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(9); 721–5. ©2016 AACR.
Recurrent Aortic Dissection
Authors: Isselbacher Eric M. , Bonaca Marc P. , Di Eusanio Marco , Froehlich James , Bossone Eduardo , Sechtem Udo , Pyeritz Reed , Patel Himanshu , Khoynezhad Ali , Eckstein Hans-Henning , Jondeau Guillaume , Ramponi Fabio , Abbasi Mohammad , Montgomery Daniel , Nienaber Christoph A. , Eagle Kim , Lindsay Mark E. 
Published: September 2016

Background:
Improved medical care after initial aortic dissection (AD) has led to increased survivorship and a population of individuals at risk for further cardiovascular events, including recurrent AD. Reports describing recurrent ADs have been restricted to small numbers of patients from single institutions. We used the IRAD (International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection) database to examine the clinical profiles and outcomes of patients with recurrent AD.

Methods:
We identified 204 patients enrolled in IRAD with recurrent AD. For the primary analysis, patient characteristics, interventions, and outcomes were analyzed and compared with 3624 patients with initial AD. Iterative logistic modeling was performed to investigate variables associated with recurrent AD. Cox regression analyses were used to determine variables associated with 5-year survival. A subset of recurrent AD patients was analyzed for anatomic and demographic details of initial and recurrent ADs.

Results:

Patients with recurrent AD were more likely to have Marfan syndrome (21.5% versus 3.1%;
P
<0.001) but not bicuspid aortic valve (3.6% versus 3.2%;
P
=0.77). Descending aortic dimensions were greater in patients with recurrent AD than in patients with initial AD independently of sentinel dissection type (type A: 4.3 cm [3.5–5.6 cm] versus 3.3 cm [2.9–3.7 cm],
P
<0.001; type B: 5.0 cm [3.9–6.0 cm] versus 4.0 cm [3.5–4.8 cm],
P
<0.001), and this observation was accentuated among patients with Marfan syndrome. In multivariate analysis, the diagnosis of Marfan syndrome independently predicted recurrent AD (hazard ratio, 8.6; 95% confidence interval, 5.8–12.8;
P
<0.001). Patients with recurrent AD who presented with proximal followed by distal AD were younger than patients who experienced distal followed by proximal dissection AD (42.1±16.1 versus 54.3±14.8 years;
P
=0.004).

Conclusions:
Among those suffering acute aortic dissection, 5% have a history of a prior aortic dissection. Recurrent AD is strongly associated with Marfan syndrome.
Percutaneous Device Closure of Paravalvular Leak
Authors: Calvert Patrick A. , Northridge David B. , Malik Iqbal S. , Shapiro Leonard , Ludman Peter , Qureshi Shakeel A. , Mullen Michael , Henderson Robert , Turner Mark , Been Martin , Walsh Kevin P. , Casserly Ivan , Morrison Lindsay , Walker Nicola L. , Thomson John , Spence Mark S. , Mahadevan Vaikom S. , Hoye Angela , MacCarthy Philip A. , Daniels Matthew J. , Clift Paul , Davies William R. , Adamson Philip D. , Morgan Gareth , Aggarwal Suneil K. , Ismail Yasmin , Ormerod Julian O. M. , Khan Habib R. , Chandran Sujay Subash , de Giovanni Joseph , Rana Bushra S. , Ormerod Oliver , Hildick-Smith David 
Published: September 2016

Background:
Paravalvular leak (PVL) occurs in 5% to 17% of patients following surgical valve replacement. Percutaneous device closure represents an alternative to repeat surgery.

Methods:
All UK and Ireland centers undertaking percutaneous PVL closure submitted data to the UK PVL Registry. Data were analyzed for association with death and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at follow-up.

Results:

Three hundred eight PVL closure procedures were attempted in 259 patients in 20 centers (2004–2015). Patient age was 67±13 years; 28% were female. The main indications for closure were heart failure (80%) and hemolysis (16%). Devices were successfully implanted in 91% of patients, via radial (7%), femoral arterial (52%), femoral venous (33%), and apical (7%) approaches. Nineteen percent of patients required repeat procedures. The target valve was mitral (44%), aortic (48%), both (2%), pulmonic (0.4%), or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (5%). Preprocedural leak was severe (61%), moderate (34%), or mild (5.7%) and was multiple in 37%. PVL improved postprocedure (
P
<0.001) and was none (33.3%), mild (41.4%), moderate (18.6%), or severe (6.7%) at last follow-up. Mean New York Heart Association class improved from 2.7±0.8 preprocedure to 1.6±0.8 (
P
<0.001) after a median follow-up of 110 (7–452) days. Hospital mortality was 2.9% (elective), 6.8% (in-hospital urgent), and 50% (emergency) (
P
<0.001). MACE during follow-up included death (16%), valve surgery (6%), late device embolization (0.4%), and new hemolysis requiring transfusion (1.6%). Mitral PVL was associated with higher MACE (hazard ratio [HR], 1.83;
P
=0.011). Factors independently associated with death were the degree of persisting leak (HR, 2.87;
P
=0.037), New York Heart Association class (HR, 2.00;
P
=0.015) at follow-up and baseline creatinine (HR, 8.19;
P
=0.001). The only factor independently associated with MACE was the degree of persisting leak at follow-up (HR, 3.01;
P
=0.002).

Conclusion:
Percutaneous closure of PVL is an effective procedure that improves PVL severity and symptoms. Severity of persisting leak at follow-up is independently associated with both MACE and death. Percutaneous closure should be considered as an alternative to repeat surgery.
Effects of Atmospheric Surface Layer Stability on Turbulent Fluxes of Heat and Water Vapor across the Water–Atmosphere Interface
Authors: Yusup Yusri , Liu Heping 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Widely used numerical models to estimate turbulent exchange of latent heat flux (LE) and sensible heat flux H across the water–atmosphere interface are based on the bulk transfer relations linked indirectly to atmospheric stability, even though the accurate prediction of the influence of stability on fluxes is uncertain. Here eddy covariance data collected over the water surface of Ross Barnett Reservoir, Mississippi, was analyzed to study how atmospheric stability and other variables (wind speed, vapor pressure gradient, and temperature gradient) in the atmospheric surface layer (ASL) modulated LE and H variations in different stability ranges. LE and H showed right-skewed, bell-shaped distributions as the ASL stability shifted from very unstable to near neutral and then stable conditions. The results demonstrate that the maximum (minimum) LE and H did not necessarily occur under the most unstable (stable) conditions, but rather in the intermediate stability ranges. No individual variables were able to explain the dependence of LE and H variations on stability. The coupling effects of stability, wind speed, and vapor pressure gradient (temperature gradient) on LE (H) primarily caused the observed variations in LE and H in different stability ranges. These results have important implications for improving parameterization schemes to estimate fluxes over water surfaces in numerical models.
Prevalence and correlates of body dysmorphic disorder in a community sample of adolescents
Authors: Schneider Sophie C , Turner Cynthia M , Mond Jonathan , Hudson Jennifer L 
Published: September 2016

Objective: Body dysmorphic disorder typically begins in adolescence, yet little is known about the prevalence and correlates of the disorder in this age group. The current study aimed to explore the presenting features of adolescents meeting probable criteria for body dysmorphic disorder in a large community sample, and compare levels of comorbid psychopathology, quality of life and mental health service use between adolescents with probable body dysmorphic disorder and those without. Method: Questionnaires were completed at school by 3149 adolescents: 63% male, aged 12–18 years ( M = 14.58). These assessed Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.) body dysmorphic disorder criteria, past mental health service use and symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder, anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and eating disorders. In male participants, additional measures assessed quality of life, muscularity concerns, emotional symptoms, peer problems, conduct problems and hyperactivity. Results: The prevalence of probable body dysmorphic disorder was 1.7%; there was no sex difference in prevalence, but older adolescents reported higher prevalence than younger adolescents. Probable body dysmorphic disorder participants reported substantially elevated levels of psychopathology, quality of life impairment and mental health service use compared to non-body dysmorphic disorder participants. Conclusions: The prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder in adolescents is similar to adult samples, and probable body dysmorphic disorder is associated with comorbidity, distress and functional impairment in a community sample. Further research is required to better understand the presentation of body dysmorphic disorder in adolescents, and to improve diagnosis and treatment.
Choreography of a Massacre
Authors: Aroni Sulca Renzo 
Published: September 2016

On August 14, 1985, during the armed conflict between the Communist Party of Peru, known as Shining Path, and the Peruvian state, an army patrol entered the town of Accomarca, in the Andean region of Ayacucho, and assassinated 69 peasants, presumed sympathizers of the insurgents. The majority of the survivors were displaced to the city of Lima, where they created an organization of victims and joined the Asociación de Hijos del Distrito Accomarca. Since 2011, the survivors and relatives of the victims have been remembering the massacre and transmitting their memories to their children through a Carnival performance of music and dance. Carnival is a constructive space for the production of other forms of memory and for the pursuit of justice and reparations through participatory choreography and musical performance. El 14 de agosto de 1985—-durante el conflicto armado entre el Partido Comunista de Perú, conocido como Sendero Luminoso, y el Estado peruano—una patrulla del ejército entró en el pueblo de Accomarca, en la región andina de Ayacucho, y asesinó a 69 campesinos, presuntos simpatizantes de los insurgentes. La mayoría de los sobrevivientes fueron desplazados a la ciudad de Lima, en donde crearon una organización de víctimas y se unieron a la Asociación de Hijos del Distrito Accomarca. Desde 2011, los sobrevivientes y los familiares de las víctimas han estado recordando la masacre y transmitiendo sus memorias a sus hijos a través de un espectáculo carnavalesco de música y baile. El carnaval es un espacio constructivo para la producción de otras formas de la memoria y para la búsqueda de la justicia y la reparación por medio de una coreografía participativa y una representación musical.
An Examination of Response of Consumers with Different Levels of Uniqueness to Limited Quantity Offers
Authors: Soni Mayank Jyotsna , Koshy Abraham 
Published: September 2016

Executive Summary Marketers try to influence consumers through promotional offers by restricting availability of products to a limited number of customers, a limited time period, or a specific segment, thereby creating a perception of scarcity. Such promotional appeal of making a product or offer scarce is called as scarcity appeal. Literature suggests that people with high need for uniqueness (NFU) prefer scarce products, or at least products which are depleting fast. However, the relationship between scarcity of offers and the NFU has not been much explored. The objective of this research is to understand how consumers with different levels of uniqueness respond to the scarcity appeal offer, especially with discount. Hypotheses relate to variability of purchase intent and attitude towards the product due to scarcity versus no-scarcity sales promotion appeals and by consumers with high and low needs for uniqueness. Proposed hypotheses were tested using 2 × 2 between-subjects factorial design. Quantity scarcity and no-scarcity appeals were manipulated using pre-tested and validated scenarios. Product used in the scenarios (laptop) was identified through an iterative process of seeking inputs from respondents with demographic profile similar to those in the final sample. Consumers’ need for uniqueness (CNFU) purchase intention, and attitude towards product were measured using scales that were pre-tested and validated using accepted protocols. On testing the formulated hypotheses using experimental design, it was found that: Consumers respond more favourably to quantity scarcity appeal offer when compared with no-scarcity appeal offer. Consumers with higher NFU indicate higher purchase intention in a no-scarcity appeal situation when compared with those with low NFU. There is no statistically significant difference in purchase intention of consumers with high and low needs for uniqueness in a situation of scarcity appeal messaging.
Life in the shadow of a dominant partner: the FVIII-VWF association and its clinical implications for hemophilia A
Authors: Pipe Steven W. , Montgomery Robert R. , Pratt Kathleen P. , Lenting Peter J. , Lillicrap David 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA normal hemostatic response to vascular injury requires both factor VIII (FVIII) and von Willebrand factor (VWF). In plasma, VWF and FVIII normally circulate as a noncovalent complex, and each has a critical function in the maintenance of hemostasis. Furthermore, the interaction between VWF and FVIII plays a crucial role in FVIII function, immunogenicity, and clearance, with VWF essentially serving as a chaperone for FVIII. Several novel recombinant FVIII (rFVIII) therapies for hemophilia A have been in clinical development, which aim to increase the half-life of FVIII (∼12 hours) and reduce dosing frequency by utilizing bioengineering techniques including PEGylation, Fc fusion, and single-chain design. However, these approaches have achieved only moderate increases in half-life of 1.5- to 2-fold compared with marketed FVIII products. Clearance of PEGylated rFVIII, rFVIIIFc, and rVIII-SingleChain is still regulated to a large extent by interaction with VWF. Therefore, the half-life of VWF (∼15 hours) appears to be the limiting factor that has confounded attempts to extend the half-life of rFVIII. A greater understanding of the interaction between FVIII and VWF is required to drive novel bioengineering strategies for products that either prolong the survival of VWF or limit VWF-mediated clearance of FVIII.
Can positional MRI predict dynamic changes in the medial plantar arch? An exploratory pilot study
Authors: Johannsen Finn , Hansen Philip , Stallknecht Sandra , Rathleff Michael Skovdal , Hangaard Stine , Nybing Janus Damm , Boesen Mikael 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundPositional MRI (pMRI) allows for three‐dimensional visual assessment of navicular position. In this exploratory pilot study pMRI was validated against a stretch sensor device, which measures movement of the medial plantar arch. We hypothesized that a combined pMRI measure incorporating both vertical and medial displacement of the navicular bone induced by loading would be correlated with corresponding stretch sensor measurements.Methods10 voluntary participants were included in the study. Both pMRI and subsequent stretch sensor measurements were performed in a) supine, b) standing and c) standing position with addition of 10 % body weight during static loading of the foot. Stretch sensor measurements were also performed during barefoot walking.ResultsThe total change in navicular position measured by pMRI was 10.3 mm (CI: 7.0 to 13.5 mm). No further displacement occurred when adding 10 % bodyweight (mean difference: 0.7 mm (CI: −0.7 to 2.0 mm), P = 0.29). The total navicular displacement correlated with stretch sensor measurement under static loading conditions (Spearman's rho = 0.66, P = 0.04) but not with measurements during walking (Spearman's rho = 0.58, P = 0.08).ConclusionsTotal navicular bone displacements determined by pMRI showed concurrent validity with stretch sensor measurements but only so under static loading conditions. Although assessment of total navicular displacement by combining concomitant vertical and medial navicular bone movements would appear advantageous compared to monoplanar measurement the combined measure did not seem to predict dynamic changes of the medial foot arch during walking, which are among several possible factors depending on different walking patterns.
Prevalence of foot problems in people with inflammatory arthritis in Singapore
Authors: Carter K. , Lahiri M. , Cheung P. P. , Santosa A. , Rome K. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundFoot problems are highly prevalent in people with inflammatory arthritis reported from studies in the UK, Europe and New Zealand, but there is limited evidence from Southeast Asia. The study aim was to evaluate the prevalence of foot problems in people with inflammatory arthritis in Singapore.MethodsPeople with inflammatory arthritis were recruited from the rheumatology outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital in Singapore. Disease and clinical characteristics included age, sex, disease duration, current blood tests and medications. The Leeds Foot Impact Scale was used to evaluate foot impairment/disability and the Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire was used to assess global function.ResultsWe recruited 101 people with inflammatory arthritis, of which 50 % were female. The majority of participants were Chinese (70 %). The mean (SD) age was 52 (15) years, and the mean (SD) disease duration was 9.3 (0.3) years. The most commonly reported inflammatory arthritic conditions were rheumatoid arthritis (46), gout (31) and spondyloarthritis (15 %). The mean (SD) of the total Leeds Foot Impact Scale was 17 (13) indicating moderate to severe levels of foot impairment and activity limitation. Over 80 of participants reported foot pain during the course of their condition, and 48 % reported current foot pain. Despite the high prevalence of foot pain, only 21 participants (21 %) had been referred to a podiatrist.ConclusionThis is the first study to investigate the prevalence of foot problems in people with inflammatory arthritis from Singapore. The majority of the participants reported foot problems, but had not been referred to a podiatry service.
Common fixed points of G-nonexpansive mappings on Banach spaces with a graph
Authors: Tripak Orawan 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we prove the weak and strong convergence of a sequence $\{x_{n}\}$
{

x
n

}
generated by the Ishikawa iteration to some common fixed points of two G-nonexpansive mappings defined on a Banach space endowed with a graph.