bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovative new methods. From theory to practice
Authors: Cîrjă Alina-Cristiana , Duminică Florina-Ancuța 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This article is related about the implementation of an experience based approach when teaching science to preschoolers. The research was done with the idea in mind of "learning by doing" derived from the Child Centered Education theory of Pedagogy. The experimental group was formed of 15 children aged 4-5 years who have been taught about the concept of water circuit in nature by a group of 3rd graders who used the experimental method. The same concept was presented only by the teacher to a control group (N=15). The level of comprehension of the concept was measured to see if there were differences between the two groups. The experimental group scored higher in comprehension, memorisation and practice than the control group. The main focus of the study is to develop an environment where classes are associated by different levels (primary and preschool) so that the older children can teach younger children concepts otherwise hard to understand. Alternative educational groupings could generate a more profound comprehension of difficult subjects. The results of the study encourage the idea of breaking lines between age-groups and subjects. The current generation has found interest in technology development, regardless of age. Also, the older children can use their theory comprehension filters as foundation for teaching structures to younger children. The guided use of technology in the classroom should be the main preoccupation of teachers in order to enhance student performance and love for learning. Such pairing methods can help both teachers and students together. We believe this program can be multiplied in any school.
How Did I Become a Good Teacher? Implications for Teacher Education
Authors: Marcut Ioana Gabriela , Kifor Stefania 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe professional standards for teachers provide the competences needed for this occupation, in function of the level of education and of the career stages. This study aims to discover the most important training factors which contribute to the acquisition of teacher competences and to establish the implications for teacher education. We have used a mixed-method design as the procedure for collecting, analyzing, and combining both quantitative and qualitative data. To detect the main agents in the teacher competences’ achievement, we applied a questionnaire and we asked the personal opinion of the teachers regarding their evolution in the career. The findings indicated that the principal factor was the individual study, followed by the continuing professional development, through training courses, the collaborative learning, and, almost on the last place, the initial teacher education. Implications for teacher education: the changes in the future are incalculable, so we have to rethink the teacher education to ensure future teachers able to learn and adapt themselves to different conditions. We appreciate the recommendations to reform teacher education in the context of lifelong learning very useful (Dolan, 2012) and we will study the applicability of them in our university.
Working college students’ profile Case Study: Faculty of Engineering Sibiu, Romania
Authors: Săvescu Roxana , Stoe Ana Maria , Rotaru Mihaela 
Published: January 2018

AbstractFaculty of Engineering in Sibiu is facing an increasing demand from industrial companies to employ students not only by the time of graduation but even during university studies. The scope of the study was to provide an insight on working students’ profile and the problems they are confronting with. Forty working students from the third year of Faculty of Engineering Sibiu were interviewed with regard of the research topic. Results of the study reflect the fact that a majority of working students face difficulties in school, having low grades or failed exams. The exam session seems to be a hard period for working students, and many of them find difficulties in attending all lectures or finding time to learn. Having a job while studying impacts personal activities, as well. Stress symptoms like: loss of appetite or overeating, difficulties in focusing, difficulties in taking decisions or feelings of restless are mentioned by the majority of working students. The results of the study are useful for the management of the faculty to come up with some measures to increase working students’ lectures attendance. Student support programs for reducing the stress among the group of working students must be developed as well.
Stress among working college students Case Study: Faculty of Engineering Sibiu, Romania
Authors: Săvescu Roxana , Stoe Ana Maria , Rotaru Mihaela 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Working students face many challenges: they must balance work, school, extracurricular activities, and personal life. Several studies reflected the fact that this balancing act goes hand-in-hand with the level of stress. The scope of the study was to find out whether working students in the Faculty of Engineering Sibiu experience different levels of stress compared with the non-working students. Eighty students from the third year of studies were interviewed regarding the research topic. The interviewed students were randomly selected, five working and five non-working students from each of the eight faculty specializations. The results of the study reflect the fact that the management of the faculty and the professors themselves must take into consideration that stress is a factor that affects students’ performance and behavior.
Lethality among Patients with HIV/AIDS Monitored in the Clinic of Infectious Diseases in St George University Hospital, Plovdiv, 2010–2014
Authors: Stoycheva Mariyana V. , Vatev Nikolay T. , Georgieva Vania B. , Dineva Antonina P. , Atanasova Maria V. , Popova Tatiana A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackground: The introduction of complex antiretroviral therapy has resulted in signifi cant decrease in the mortality rate of HIV positive patients, but it still remains unacceptably high, especially in some groups of patients. Aim: To investigate the death rate in patients with HIV/AIDS, lethality and mortality in co-infection, and the most common causes and predictors of fatal outcome, focused on early diagnosis and appropriate therapy. Materials and methods: The study included 53 deceased patients with HIV/AIDS, monitored at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases in St George University Hospital, Plovdiv between 01.01.2010 and 31.12.2014. The methods of research included clinical analysis, laboratory tests, microbiological and serological tests (HCV, HBV, toxoplasmosis), ELISA, PCR. Statistical analysis was performed by descriptive statistics, the Student’s t-test, the method of Van der Ward, and regression analysis (logistic regression). Results: During the study period 316 patients with HIV/AIDS were monitored, 53 of them with lethal outcome. Lethality was 16.7% for the whole group; in intravenous drug users - 13.8%; in co-infected patients: HIV/M. tuberculosis - 46%, in HIV/HCV - 17.8%. Lethality and mortality in HIV(+) patients with co-infections in populations of diff erent age, gender, duration since starting сАRТ and degree of immunodefi ciency (according to CD4, VL) was compared with the lethality and mortality in patients with these conditions from the general population. Conclusions: Fatal outcome in patients with HIV/AIDS was most commonly associated with co-infections HIV/M. tuberculosis and HIV/HCV. Predictors of a fatal outcome are pulmonary tuberculosis, advanced immunodefi ciency with VL> 500 000 c/μL and CD4 <100/mm3, absence or non-systemic antiretroviral therapy.
A Pharmacological Review: Leptadenia reticulata (Wight & Arn.); Jivanti: the Real Life Giving Plant
Authors: Dhalani Jayesh M. , Nariya Pankaj B. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe present review reveals a comprehensive description of various pharmacological studies carried out on Leptadenia reticulata, a source of several active compounds, i.e. Leptadenia reticulata plant belonging to family Asclepiadaceae, it is also known as ‘Jivanti’, used for the treatment of various ailments in human civilization as well as used in folk medicine as a remedy in various reported herbal formulations. The plant has been found to exhibit diverse pharmacological activities like antibacterial activity, anticancer activity, lactogenic eff ect, antioxidant activity, anti-implantation activity, anti-asthmatic activity, modulating eff ect, activity of silver nano particles, hepatoprotective activity, antifungal activity, antidiabetic activity and anti-infl ammatory activity. Traditionally, the plant promotes fi tness and vigor, the tone of voice, cures eye diseases, fever, and night blindness, cough, maintain pregnancy and gangrene. In this review, we give the recent scientifi c update on this plant with therapeutic potential and discuss the methods of carrying out studies. The present review draws the attention of researchers towards the potential therapeutic activity of Leptadenia reticulata for their active constitute.
Views on Biotic Nature and the Idea of Sustainable Development
Authors: Łepko Zbigniew 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The search for balance between humankind’s civilisational aspirations and the durable protection of nature is conditioned by contemporaneous views of biotic nature. Of particular importance in this regard are physiocentric and physiological views that may be set against one another. The first of these was presented by Hans Jonas, the second by Lothar Schäfer. This paper does not confine itself to setting one view against the other, but rather sets minimum conditions for cooperation between their promoters in the interests of balance between the aspirations of the present generation and those of future generations. Both views of nature are in their own way conducive to a break with the illusion present in some areas of the modern natural sciences - that nature is a boundless area of are inexhaustible resources.
Global Education as a Way of Reinforcing the Process by Which a Solidaritous and Just World is Built
Authors: Kaniewska Małgorzata , Klimski Marcin 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Global education is a part of civic education and upbringing that contributes to their scope through the better understanding of various phenomena and global interdependencies that it affords. It thus represents a response to globalisation processes that has as its goal the development of critical thinking skills in schoolchildren from an early age, with a view to stereotypes and prejudices being combated, human life and human dignity being shown values, and emphasis placed on equality, peace, tolerance, solidarity and equity. The paper considers the reasons for including axiological reflection in school education programmes encompassing matters that are global in nature. Also presented are methods by which to achieve postulates of global education at the primary-school teaching level, as well as the results of research into the level of knowledge on key aspects of this education that are present among primary-school teachers.
Examining the Behavior of Credit Rating Agencies Post 2008 Economic Turmoil
Authors: Uslu Çağrı L. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The demand for sovereign ratings has increased throughout last decades. Until the1990’s, credit rating agencies (CRAs) did not rate most of the emerging markets and the focus was almost only on developed countries, however, during this decade the number of sovereigns rated increased dramatically due to addition of emerging markets to the portfolio. The global financial crisis in 2008 led to the loss of credibility of these major credit rating companies. None of these three agencies showed any signal of macroeconomic problems in countries where the financial crisis created devastating macroeconomic results. It is believed that this failure has led credit rating agencies to behave more conservatively. This paper aims to determine whether CRAs tend to behave conservatively after the 2008 global financial crisis. If the downgrading is greater than the worsening of the economic situation in the given economies, then we can infer that CRAs tend to behave more conservatively. The good working model in estimating ratings assigned by CRAs before the crisis failed to estimate the ratings after 2008 crisis. This may have happened due to two reasons. First, as experienced in the aftermath of the former crisis, credit rating agencies may have added new macroeconomic variables in the process of assigning ratings or change the weight assigned to the already existing macroeconomic variables. Second, it is a known fact that ratings emerge from the combination of two distinct information; the quantitative part reflected by macroeconomic indicators and the qualitative judgements of the agency about the sovereign.
The Siculo-Arabic Ivories and Their Spreading to al-Andalus
Authors: Santa-Cruz Noelia Silva 
Published: January 2018

AbstractFrom the mid-twelfth century to the first half of the thirteenth century, Norman Sicily was one of the main centres of ivory work activity in the Western Mediterranean. Its workshops specialized in the crafting of ivory objects painted in various typologies according to manufacture techniques, and they are a splendid specimen of medieval quantity production. The extensive range of these pieces indicates the development of an almost industrialized manufacture whose products massively expanded and circulated throughout the Mediterranean region during the Late Middle Ages. Early on, al-Andalus received copies bearing these characteristics through the art trade and, once the Norman workshops ceased to exist, kept painted ivory production alive during the Naṣrid period by establishing its own manufacturing techniques that assimilated the techniques from the island while creating a thematic repertoire and some clearly personal aesthetic models.
Genetic Diversity, Molecular Phylogeny, and Selection Evidence of Jinchuan Yak Revealed by Whole-Genome Resequencing
Authors: Lan Daoliang , Xiong Xianrong , Mipam Tserang-Donko , Fu Changxiu , Li Qiang , Ai Yi , Hou Dingchao , Chai Zhixin , Zhong Jincheng , Li Jian 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Jinchuan yak, a newly discovered yak breed, not only possesses a large proportion of multi-ribs but also exhibits many good characteristics, such as high meat production, milk yield, and reproductive performance. However, there is limited information about its overall genetic structure, relationship with yaks in other areas, and possible origins and evolutionary processes. In this study, 7,693,689 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified by resequencing the genome of Jinchuan yak. Principal component and population genetic structure analyses showed that Jinchuan yak could be distinguished as an independent population among the domestic yak population. Linkage disequilibrium analysis showed that the decay rate of Jinchuan yak was the lowest of the domestic yak breeds, indicating that the degree of domestication and selection intensity of Jinchuan yak were higher than those of other yak breeds. Combined with archaeological data, we speculated that the origin of domestication of Jinchuan yak was ∼6000 yr ago (4000–10,000 yr ago). The quantitative dynamics of population growth history in Jinchuan yak was similar to that of other breeds of domestic and wild yaks, but was closer to that of the wild yak. No significant gene exchange between Jinchuan and other domestic yaks occurred. Compared with other domestic yaks, Jinchuan yak possessed 339 significantly and positively selected genes, several of which relate to physiological rhythm, histones, and the breed’s excellent production characteristics. Our results provide a basis for the discovery of the evolution, molecular origin, and unique traits of Jinchuan yak.
Optimizando la complejidad para mejorar el aprendizaje = Optimising Complexity to Improve Learning
Authors: Hilliard Bruce 
Published: January 2018

<p>Abstract</p><p><br />This paper addresses a key element of design, which relates to the level of complexity in the visual material, and its effect on viewer comprehension and impressions. To help quantify this effect, an indicative Complexity Curve modelwas developed from previous research on the topic. This Complexity Curve showed that moderate complexity was mostlikely to produce optimal learning outcomes. To test this model, a series of Control Presentations were created, which applied moderate complexity. Variants of these presentations were then developed, so the only difference between the control and variant presentations was the application of specific changes in the complexity of the visualisation. These<br />included the use of incongruent pictures, providing very low complexity content, and increasing the complexity by<br />adding extraneous animations. Comprehension and impressions data was then collected through a formal experimental process. This collected data indicated that the developed Complexity Curve appeared to have validity. These results hold important implications for learning design and all forms of computer-based visual design.</p><p>Resumen</p><p>Este estudio trata sobre un elemento clave de diseño, relacionado con el nivel de complejidad del material visual, y su efecto sobre la comprensión e impresiones sobre la audiencia. Para cuantificar este efecto, se ha desarrollado un modelo indicativo de la curva de complejidad, basándose en investigaciones previas sobre este tema. Esta curva de complejidad ha mostrado que una complejidad moderada, tiende a producir resultados óptimos de aprendizaje. Para probar este modelo, se crearon una serie de presentaciones control, con la aplicación de complejidad moderada. Después, se desarrollaron variaciones de estas presentaciones. La única diferencia entre las presentaciones control y las variaciones fue la aplicación de cambios específicos en la complejidad de los elementos visuales. Los cambios incluyeron el uso de imágenes incongruentes, que tenían contenido de muy baja complejidad y se fue aumentando la complejidad con la adición de animaciones superfluas. Los datos sobre la comprensión y las impresiones fue recopilada a través de un proceso experimental formal. Los datos recogidos indican que la curva de complejidad desarrollada a partir de estos datos, es válida. Estos resultados tienen implicaciones importantes para el diseño del aprendizaje y todas las formas de diseño<br />visual basado en ordenador.</p><p> </p>
Experiências sociais no campo afro-religioso: a vida de Mameto Iraê Jinkaiá. * Social experiences in the afro-religious field: the life of Mameto Iraê Jinkaiá.
Authors: Souza Fabíola Amaral Tomé de 
Published: January 2018

Esse trabalho pretende contribuir para o campo da história das mulheres, através da trajetória de vida de Mameto Iraê Jinkaiá, ex mãe-de-santo de uma casa de candomblé nação Angola no município de Barra Mansa, sul do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Utilizando condicionantes estruturais que marcam a vida e as experiências dos agentes históricos, entendendo que a trajetória de um indivíduo pode ser substancial para contextualizar certa dimensão histórica, através de uma metodologia qualitativa de análise micro histórica e gênero como categoria analítica, buscando ampliar a ideia dos papéis sociais pensando as relações de poder. Ou seja, pensar a mulher enquanto liderança religiosa e demonstrando que o poder atribuído às mulheres do candomblé não está centrado nas grandes capitais, símbolos das religiões afro-brasileiras, como Salvador, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo ou Porto Alegre. Palavras-chave: História das Mulheres, relações de gênero, candomblé.
Performance evaluation for a unicast Non Delay Tolerant position based routing protocols in VANETs
Authors: Abdalla Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: January 2018

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks are special kind of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. VANET is an emerging technology, which enables an extensive range of applications, including road safety, passenger convenience, self-driven vehicles, and intelligent transportation.
Routing in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks is a challenging task due to the unique characteristics of the network. Unicast routing protocols in VANETs are the most fundamental protocols in ad hoc environment and they form the basis for constructing other types of protocols. Unicast routing protocols further classified into topology based, position based, cluster based and hybrid protocols.
In this paper protocols belonging to unicast non-delay tolerant position based are discussed. We have implemented our comparison on the NS2 simulator. Simulation of NDT routing protocols A-STAR, CAR, and GyTAR are carried out and the results are presented
Capacity Building Needs of Farmers in Duck Rearing and Marketing for Sustainable Food Security in Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Agbo Dr T. O. O. , D.T Nongugwa 
Published: January 2018

This study identified capacity building needs of farmers in rearing and marketing of duck in Benue State, for sustainable food security. The study was carried out in Benue state. Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. Questionnaire survey research design was used for the study. A population of 96 respondents was studied. A 36-item structuredDuck Rearing Capacity Building Needs Questionnaire (DRCBNQ) was used for data collection. The instrument was validated by three experts. Cronbach Alpha reliability method was used to determine the internal consistency of the instrument and a coefficient of 0.81 was obtained. 96 copies of the questionnaire were administered but only 95 were retrieved and data collected were analyzed using mean Improvement Need-Performance Index (INPI). It was found out that poultry farmers needed capacity building in all the 9 items on feeding of duck, needed capacity building in all the 11 items on management of duck and needed capacity building in all the 16 items on marketing of duck. It was therefore recommended that Agricultural extension agents should utilize the findings of this study on the capacity building needs of farmers to organize training and re-training programmes for improvement of capacity of poultry farmers in the entire production operations of duck. Farmers could be motivated to attend training and re-training programmes organized for their capacity building in duck production to be effective and efficient in duck production to meet the demand for duck in Benue State
Concepções sobre ambientalização curricular: o desafio do pensamento sistêmico
Authors: Lima Lucia Ceccato de , Andrade Izabel Cristina Feijo de , Arruda Marina Patricio de , Pissetti Schayla Letyelle Costa 
Published: January 2018

Esse artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar concepções sobre ambientalização curricular de gestores e professores coordenadores de cursos de graduação de uma Universidade comunitária do interior de Santa Catarina. A abordagem metodológica desse estudo caracterizou - se pelo enfoque quanti-qualitativo que articulou pesquisa-ação participante (THIOLLENT, 2008; HAGUETTE, 2003), técnicas de análise documental e de análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2008; FRANCO, 2008). Para análise documental contou - se com o software MAXQDA 12 para análise quantitativa dos Planos de Desenvolvimento Institucional (PDI), Projetos Pedagógicos dos Cursos de Graduação (PPC) e Planos de Ensino (PE) dos cursos que apresentassem três ou mais Indícios de Ambientalização. Foram entrevistados gestores, coordenadores de curso e professores das disciplinas dos cursos que apresentaram os indícios acima citados. Dessas entrevistas emergiram a concepção de ambientalizalização de um grupo de 10 entrevistados.