bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geochemical consequences in shallow aquifers from the long‐term presence of CO2 in a natural field: The case of Florina Basin, W. Macedonia, Greece
Authors: Gemeni Vasiliki , Vasilatos Charalampos , Koukouzas Nikolaos , Kanellopoulos Christos 
Published: December 2015

AbstractNatural CO2 fields can be used to identify trapping mechanisms, the fate and the geochemical consequences of geologically stored CO2 in shallow aquifers. The Florina Basin in Greece is regarded as a CO2 naturally leaking analog due to millions of years of gas accumulation in a Tertiary sand formation. This research was conducted in order to identify the CO2 fingerprints and to investigate and evaluate the factors controlling the groundwater quality in the basin. Leaking CO2 is observed in the aquifers and at the surface. The basin is filled with clastic sediments. It can provide information regarding the fate of CO2 and the possible impacts that can be used as reference in demonstration and industrial projects. Water sampling campaigns were conducted to determine the impact of the gas‐water long‐term interactions in the shallow aquifers. The CO2 has increased the concentration (in relation to other water samples from the basin) of certain elements like Fe, Mn, Na, Cl, and Br but only in few cases exceeds the EU drinking limit. The chemistry of the groundwater in the Florina Basin aquifers was found to be controlled mainly by the CO2‐water‐rock interactions due to the mineralogy of the aquifers (calcite and silicates including pyroxenes and chlorite). Metal attenuation processes have prevented the aquifers from brine contamination. Considering the Florina Basin is a natural analog for studying the leaking and migration pathways of stored CO2 and that only minor affects have been identified in the groundwater chemistry, the conclusions of this research are promising for the possible usage of a basin of similar geology and lithology for deep CO2 storage. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Artifact removal in the context of group ICA: A comparison of single‐subject and group approaches
Authors: Du Yuhui , Allen Elena A. , He Hao , Sui Jing , Wu Lei , Calhoun Vince D. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIndependent component analysis (ICA) has been widely applied to identify intrinsic brain networks from fMRI data. Group ICA computes group‐level components from all data and subsequently estimates individual‐level components to recapture intersubject variability. However, the best approach to handle artifacts, which may vary widely among subjects, is not yet clear. In this work, we study and compare two ICA approaches for artifacts removal. One approach, recommended in recent work by the Human Connectome Project, first performs ICA on individual subject data to remove artifacts, and then applies a group ICA on the cleaned data from all subjects. We refer to this approach as Individual ICA based artifacts Removal Plus Group ICA (IRPG). A second proposed approach, called Group Information Guided ICA (GIG‐ICA), performs ICA on group data, then removes the group‐level artifact components, and finally performs subject‐specific ICAs using the group‐level non‐artifact components as spatial references. We used simulations to evaluate the two approaches with respect to the effects of data quality, data quantity, variable number of sources among subjects, and spatially unique artifacts. Resting‐state test–retest datasets were also employed to investigate the reliability of functional networks. Results from simulations demonstrate GIG‐ICA has greater performance compared with IRPG, even in the case when single‐subject artifacts removal is perfect and when individual subjects have spatially unique artifacts. Experiments using test–retest data suggest that GIG‐ICA provides more reliable functional networks. Based on high estimation accuracy, ease of implementation, and high reliability of functional networks, we find GIG‐ICA to be a promising approach. Hum Brain Mapp 37:1005–1025, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enhanced brain signal variability in children with autism spectrum disorder during early childhood
Authors: Takahashi Tetsuya , Yoshimura Yuko , Hiraishi Hirotoshi , Hasegawa Chiaki , Munesue Toshio , Higashida Haruhiro , Minabe Yoshio , Kikuchi Mitsuru 
Published: December 2015

AbstractExtensive evidence shows that a core neurobiological mechanism of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) involves aberrant neural connectivity. Recent advances in the investigation of brain signal variability have yielded important information about neural network mechanisms. That information has been applied fruitfully to the assessment of aging and mental disorders. Multiscale entropy (MSE) analysis can characterize the complexity inherent in brain signal dynamics over multiple temporal scales in the dynamics of neural networks. For this investigation, we sought to characterize the magnetoencephalography (MEG) signal variability during free watching of videos without sound using MSE in 43 children with ASD and 72 typically developing controls (TD), emphasizing early childhood to older childhood: a critical period of neural network maturation. Results revealed an age‐related increase of brain signal variability in a specific timescale in TD children, whereas atypical age‐related alteration was observed in the ASD group. Additionally, enhanced brain signal variability was observed in children with ASD, and was confirmed particularly for younger children. In the ASD group, symptom severity was associated region‐specifically and timescale‐specifically with reduced brain signal variability. These results agree well with a recently reported theory of increased brain signal variability during development and aberrant neural connectivity in ASD, especially during early childhood. Results of this study suggest that MSE analytic method might serve as a useful approach for characterizing neurophysiological mechanisms of typical‐developing and its alterations in ASD through the detection of MEG signal variability at multiple timescales. Hum Brain Mapp 37:1038–1050, 2016. © 2015 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
NaHCO3‐Catalyzed Hihgly Regiospecific Aminobromination of ß,ß‐Dicyanostyrene Derivatives with 1,3‐Dibromo‐5,5‐dimethylhydantoin (DBDMH)
Authors: Chen Zhanguo , Xia Wei , Liu De'e , Liu Yali , Du Manfei , Cao Chenxi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe aminobromination of β,β‐dicyanostyrene derivetives with 1,3‐dibromo‐5,5‐dimethylhydantoin (DBDMH) has been systematic studied. The reaction afforded the vicinal haloamino products in good to excellent yields at room temperature (the highest yield was up to 94 %), and the full regiospecificity of all products were achieved catalyzed by NaHCO3 in CH3CN. A possible pathway involving a Michael Addition reaction for this aminobromination was proposed.
Myocardial dysfunction in patients with aortic stenosis and hypertensive heart disease assessed by MR tissue phase mapping
Authors: von Knobelsdorff‐Brenkenhoff Florian , Hennig Pierre , Menza Marius , Dieringer Matthias A. , Foell Daniela , Jung Bernd , Schulz‐Menger Jeanette 
Published: December 2015

PurposeTo identify abnormalities of myocardial velocities in patients with left ventricular pressure overload using magnetic resonance tissue phase mapping (TPM).Material and MethodsThirty‐three patients (nine with hypertensive heart disease [HYP], 24 with aortic stenosis [AS]) and 41 healthy controls were enrolled. To assess left ventricular motion, a basal, midventricular, and apical slice were acquired using three‐directional velocity‐encoded phase‐contrast MR with a 3T system. Target parameters were peak longitudinal (Vz) and radial (Vr) velocity in systole and diastole (Peaksys, Peakdias). Analysis was done on each myocardial segment. In a subgroup (n = 7 HYP, n = 12 AS, n = 24 controls), measurement was repeated during handgrip exercise.ResultsAS had significantly lower Vz‐Peaksys in the inferolateral and inferoseptal wall (P = 0.003–0.029) and Vr‐Peaksys in the septum and anterior wall (P = 0.001–0.013) than controls. Vz‐Peakdias and Vr‐Peakdias were lower in AS than in controls in almost all segments (P < 0.001–0.028). HYP showed reduced Vz‐Peakdias compared to controls in all basal segments as well as in the lateral midventricular wall (P < 0.001–0.045), and reduced Vr‐Peakdias compared to controls predominantly in the midventricular and apical segments (P = 0.004–0.042). AS patients with focal fibrosis had significantly reduced myocardial velocities (P = 0.001–0.047) in segments without late enhancement. During exercise, Vz‐Peaksys, Vr‐Peaksys, and Vz‐Peakdias remained unchanged in AS and HYP, but decreased in the lateral wall in controls (P < 0.001–0.043).ConclusionEven with preserved left ventricle (LV) ejection fraction, peak longitudinal and radial velocities of the LV are reduced in AS and HYP, indicating early functional impairment. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:168–177.
Correlation between remnant inferior turbinate volume and symptom severity of empty nose syndrome
Authors: Hong Hye Ran , Jang Yong Ju 
Published: December 2015

Objectives/HypothesisEmpty nose syndrome (ENS) is an iatrogenic disorder caused by turbinate reduction procedures, which results in considerable nasal dysfunction and severely impaired quality of life. However, there is a lack of data that explains the relationship between the degree of turbinate reduction and subjective symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of remnant inferior turbinate volume on symptom severity.Study DesignWe retrospectively analyzed data from 34 patients who were diagnosed with ENS.MethodsAll patients underwent computed tomography scanning and completed the SNOT‐25 questionnaire. The control group consisted of 10 patients with pituitary adenoma who did not have any sinonasal symptoms or abnormalities. The inferior turbinate volumes were compared between groups, and the correlation between inferior turbinate volumes (ITVs) and Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test‐25 (SNOT‐25) was also evaluated.ResultsThe ENS group presented with a significantly smaller inferior turbinate volume than the control group (P < 0.001). The overall SNOT‐25 score demonstrated no statistically significant correlation with anterior, posterior, or total ITV (P > 0.05, respectively). Among the various items on SNOT‐25, a high dryness score was significantly correlated with a smaller total inferior turbinate volume (P = 0.030). Facial pain was significantly correlated with smaller anterior ITV (P = 0.011). In addition, patients who had smaller posterior inferior turbinate volume demonstrated higher scores on specific SNOT‐25 items.ConclusionA smaller inferior turbinate volume is significantly associated with specific SNOT‐25 items in ENS patients.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 126:1290–1295, 2016
Selective Uptake of a Fructose Glycopolymer Prepared by RAFT Polymerization into Human Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: von der Ehe Christian , Rinkenauer Alexandra , Weber Christine , Szamosvari David , Gottschaldt Michael , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: December 2015

A new methacrylic fructose glycomonomer is synthesized and copolymerized with N‐isopropyl acrylamide by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) poly­merization. By additional copolymerization of the analog mannose, glucose, and galactose glycomonomers, a set of glycopolymers is obtained which vary in the type of sugar attached to the polyacrylamide backbone. The glycopolymers are subsequently deprotected and characterized by size exclusion chromatography, FT‐IR and NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, as well as turbidimetry, revealing the thermoresponsive character of all synthesized glycopolymers. The deprotected glycopolymers are subsequently labeled with a Rhodamine B derivative, utilizing the thiol‐functionalities derived from the RAFT endgroups. As concluded from the ArlamaBlue assay, the glycopolymers are not cytotoxic. Finally, cellular uptake studies reveal a higher uptake of the fructose polymer into MDA‑MB‑231 breast cancer cells compared to the other glycopolymers, which demonstrates the high potential of fructosylated polymers for potential applications in the targeted treatment of breast cancer.
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Methotrexate Complexation with Native and PEGylated PAMAM‐G4: Effect of the PEGylation Degree on the Drug Loading Capacity and Release Kinetics
Authors: Barraza Luis F. , Jiménez Verónica A. , Alderete Joel B. 
Published: December 2015

Native and PEGylated poly‐amidoamine‐G4 (PAMAM‐G4) dendrimers with PEGylation degrees of 0%, 28%, 34%, 67%, and 100% are evaluated as potential drug carriers for methotrexate (MTX). A maximum complex stoichiometry of 47:1 is obtained for the system with 34% of PEGylation, with an estimated binding constant of 1.2 × 104 mol−1 per binding site, as derived from aqueous solubility profiles. 2D‐NOESY experiments reveal a preferential complexation of MTX within PAMAM‐G4 branches, suggesting that high PEGylation ratios restrict drug diffusion toward innermost PAMAM cavities. On the other hand, high PEGylation degrees considerably decrease the rate of MTX release, which can be attributed to a reduced dendrimer swelling due to surface polyethylene glycol crowding. All release profiles follow first‐order kinetics, suggesting a diffusion‐controlled mechanism for MTX release. These results can be helpful to understand the molecular basis underlying the complexation and release of MTX with PEGylated PAMAM dendrimers aimed at designing more efficient drug delivery systems.
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Semiquantitative FTIR Analysis of the Crosslinking Density of Poly(ester amide)‐Based Thermoset Elastomers
Authors: Xue Yingfei , Patel Akhil , Sant Vinayak , Sant Shilpa 
Published: December 2015

Thermoset elastomers represent a class of polymers for a wide range of biomedical applications. Crosslinking density of thermoset elastomers is considered as an important parameter. In this study, semiquantitative Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis is developed as a novel method to determine crosslinking density of poly (ester amide) thermoset elastomers. Poly(1,3‐diamino‐2‐hydroxypropane‐co‐polyol sebacate) (APS) is an example of poly(ester amide) thermoset elastomer. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been recently incorporated into APS polymer structure to obtain novel PEGylated APS‐based elastomers with tunable properties. The crosslinking densities of different APS and APS‐co‐PEG films are determined by the theory of rubber elasticity and FTIR. These results show that the intensity ratios between amide and carbonyl peak correlate well with the calculated crosslinking density from the elastic modulus. Thus, semiquantitative FTIR analysis offers a direct, facile, and less variable method to determine the crosslinking density and guide the consistent synthesis of poly(ester amide) thermoset elastomers.
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Structure‐guided design of a reversible fluorogenic reporter of protein‐protein interactions
Authors: To Tsz‐Leung , Zhang Qiang , Shu Xiaokun 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA reversible green fluorogenic protein‐fragment complementation assay was developed based on the crystal structure of UnaG, a recently discovered fluorescent protein. In living mammalian cells, the nonfluorescent fragments complemented and rapidly became fluorescent upon rapamycin‐induced FKBP and Frb protein interaction, and lost fluorescence when the protein interaction was inhibited. This reversible fluorogenic reporter, named uPPI [UnaG‐based protein‐protein interaction (PPI) reporter], uses bilirubin (BR) as the chromophore and requires no exogenous cofactor. BR is an endogenous molecule in mammalian cells and is not fluorescent by itself. uPPI may have many potential applications in visualizing spatiotemporal dynamics of PPIs.
Special Issue Collection: In Memoriam
Authors: Murphy Ann , Murphy Martin J. , Glenn Begley C. , Richard Stanley E. , Migliaccio Anna Rita , Kaushansky Kenneth , Ng Ashley P. , Alexander Warren S. , Hilton Douglas J. , Nicola Nicos A. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA collection of tributes and remembrances from esteemed colleagues, mentees, and friends on the life and work of “the father of hematopoietic cytokines”
Understanding landowner intentions to create early successional forest habitat in the northeastern United States
Authors: Dayer Ashley A. , Stedman Richard C. , Allred Shorna B. , Rosenberg Kenneth V. , Fuller Angela K. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTEarly successional forest habitat (ESH) and associated wildlife species in the northeastern United States are in decline. One way to help create early successional forest conditions is engaging private forest landowners in even‐aged forest management because their limited participation may have contributed to declines in ESH for wildlife species of high conservation concern. We applied the reasoned action approach from social psychology to predict intentions of landowners in the 13‐county Southern Tier of New York State, USA, to conduct patch‐cuts, which is a type of even‐aged forest management. We tested the predictive ability of the model using data from a mail survey of landowners conducted from November 2010 to January 2011. Landowner intention to conduct patch‐cuts was high (55% of respondents), with attitude being the strongest direct predictor of behavioral intention. Our results suggest that patch‐cutting intentions are most likely expressed by landowners who think the behavior is good for their land and wildlife, believe in positive outcomes of land and wildlife management, belong to a game wildlife organization, and have conducted patch‐cuts in the past. Strategies to engage more landowners in ESH management will have the highest likelihood of success if outreach efforts focus on influencing behavioral beliefs and subsequently attitudes, possibly working with game wildlife organizations to communicate a unified message for habitat conservation, including the importance of maintaining and creating ESH. Our results demonstrate the importance of social science research to increase the likelihood that conservation targets for declining wildlife species are met. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Die chirurgische Therapie der sekundären Peritonitis
Authors: van Ruler O. , Boermeester M.A. 
Published: December 2015

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Die sekundäre Peritonitis ist bis heute durch unverändert hohe Morbiditäts- und Mortalitätsraten gekennzeichnet und bleibt auch in Zeiten moderner medizinischer Versorgung therapeutisch eine Herausforderung. Die chirurgische Intervention zur Fokuskontrolle bleibt neben einer adäquaten antimikrobiellen Therapie und, wenn notwendig, intensivmedizinischen Maßnahmen zentrales Element in der Therapie der sekundären Peritonitis. Die Relaparotomie „on demand“ (ROD) nach initialer chirurgischer Versorgung stellt sich nach den Ergebnissen einer randomisierten klinischen Studie als das bevorzugte therapeutische Vorgehen unabhängig von der Schwere der Peritonitis dar.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion
Für ein effektives und sicheres Vorgehen unter ROD bedarf es eines intensiven Monitorings des Patienten mit verschiedenen diagnostischen Testmethoden und klaren Entscheidungsprozessen für eine Relaparotomie, beides ist über 24 h am Tag vorzuhalten. Mangelndes Wissen um eine frühzeitige und adäquate Patientenselektion sowie fehlender Einsatz durchaus einfacher diagnostischer Verfahren scheinen die Umsetzung des Konzeptes und Entscheidung zur ROD im Einzelfall eher zu erschweren. Dabei zeigt sich die prädiktive Genauigkeit bei Anwendung eines überprüften Entscheidungsprogramms für eine Relaparotomie als angemessen zur Vorhersage einer sich ausbildenden Peritonitis und notwendigen Patientenselektion für eine sich ableitende computertomographische (CT-)Diagnostik. Die Wertigkeit einer CT-Diagnostik in der frühen postoperativen Phase bleibt bislang unklar. Zukünftige Studien und innovative Technologien sollten die Bedeutung einer additiven CT-Diagnostik nach chirurgischer Therapie bei sekundärer Peritonitis aufgreifen. Das beinhaltet aber auch weiter optimierte bettseitige Entscheidungshilfen, um Patienten adäquat in einem multidisziplinären Umfeld für einzelne Interventionen auswählen zu können.
Fish consumption and frying of fish in relation to type 2 diabetes incidence: a prospective cohort study of Swedish men
Authors: Wallin Alice , Di Giuseppe Daniela , Orsini Nicola , Åkesson Agneta , Forouhi Nita G. , Wolk Alicja 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Purpose
Epidemiological evidence on the association between fish consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes is heterogeneous across geographical regions. Differences related to fish consumption pattern could possibly help explain the discrepancy between the findings. We therefore aimed to investigate the association between fish consumption (total, fried, specific fish items) and type 2 diabetes incidence, taking exposure to contaminants present in fish (polychlorinated biphenyls and methyl mercury) into consideration.

Methods
The population-based Cohort of Swedish Men, including 35,583 men aged 45–79 years, was followed from 1998 to 2012. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results
During 15 years of follow-up, 3624 incident cases were identified. Total fish consumption (≥4 servings/week vs. <1 serving/week) was not associated with type 2 diabetes in multivariable-adjusted analysis (HR 1.00; 95 % CI 0.85–1.18); however, a statistically non-significant inverse association was observed after adjustment for dietary contaminant exposures (HR 0.79; 95 % CI 0.60–1.04). Fried fish (≥6 servings/month vs. ≤1 servings/month) and shellfish consumption (≥1 serving/week vs. never/seldom) were associated with HRs of 1.14 (95 % CI 1.03–1.31) and 1.21 (95 % CI 1.07–1.36), respectively.

Conclusions
We observed no overall association between total fish consumption and type 2 diabetes. The results indicated that dietary contaminants in fish may influence the relationship. Fried fish and shellfish consumption were associated with higher type 2 diabetes incidence. These findings suggest that more specific advice on fish species sub-types (varying in contamination) and preparation methods may be warranted.
Genetic map construction and QTL analysis of nitrogen use efficiency in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)
Authors: Chan-Navarrete Rafael , Dolstra Oene , van Kaauwen Martijn , Lammerts van Bueren Edith T. , van der Linden C. Gerard 
Published: December 2015

AbstractCultivation of spinach requires high amounts of nitrogen (N), which puts a strain on the environment. A sustainable solution to this problem is to breed for crops with higher N use efficiency (NUE). The aim of this study was to provide tools for molecular breeding and to elucidate the genetic variation of factors contributing to NUE in spinach. A cross was made between two F1 hybrid cultivars contrasting in NUE. Several F1 progeny were self-pollinated and based on evaluation of the F2 generation, a mapping F2 population (335 individuals) of a single F1 was selected. SNP markers for the genetic map were discovered by RNA sequencing of the two parent cultivars, and 283 SNP markers were used to produce a genetic map comprising of six linkage groups (P01–P06), ranging in size from 46 to 116 cM. NUE related traits were determined for a set of F2:3 families grown under low and high N conditions in a hydroponics system under an Ingestad N-addition model. Interval mapping analysis detected 39 trait-specific QTLs, with several QTLs accumulating on P01 and P02 of the linkage map. The QTLs and in particular the P01 and P02 regions provide potential targets for the improvement of NUE in spinach.