bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal exposure to green space and mental health in early adolescence: findings from the TRAILS study
Authors: Zeng Yi , Stevens Gonneke W J M , Paus Tomáš , Helbich Marco 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Little is known about whether prenatal green space exposure contributes to mental health later in life. Using data from a Dutch cohort (TRAILS; n=1,476), we assessed associations between prenatal (1989-1991) green space exposure and four mental health outcomes, namely externalizing problems, internalizing problems, tobacco use, and alcohol use, self-reported at eleven-year-old (2001-2002), and mediation of gestational age and birthweight on these associations. In a structural equational model, adolescents with one standard deviation (SD) unit more prenatal green space exposure showed a 0.119 SD (95%CI:0.028,0.210) more externalizing problems in early adolescence. There are two potential explanations for this unexpected positive association. First, controlling for urbanicity attenuated this association to become insignificant, but the degree of attenuation was minor [0.096, (95%CI:-0.003,0.195)]. Second, this unexpected association might be a consequence of changes in green space exposure in the intervening years, namely childhood (from birth to early adolescence), indicating that individuals with increased green space exposure over childhood exhibited fewer externalizing problems in early adolescence. For the prenatal green space-externalizing problems association, we did not observe mediation by gestational age or birthweight. Overall, these findings suggest no beneficial role of prenatal green space on adolescent mental health. Instead, increased green space exposure in childhood may lead to lower externalizing problems in early adolescence.
Scaling of cotyledon and primary leaf mass versus area in Acer platanoides seedlings under different light conditions
Authors: Wang Jinfeng , Almutairi Bader O , Wang Lin , Shi Peijian , Yao Weihao , Niinemets Ülo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Cotyledons play an important role in early seedling establishment. However, relative to primary leaves, cotyledons tend to have a different investment-on-return strategy. To detect the potential differences in the mass (M) versus area (A) scaling relationships between cotyledons and primary leaves in different light environments, a total of 75 Acer platanoides seedlings were sampled at an open site (n = 52; light availability: 74 ± 5 %) and a shaded site (n = 23; light availability: 4.2 ± 1.2 %). Reduced major axis regression protocols were used to fit the M versus A scaling relationships of primary leaves and cotyledons. The bootstrap percentile method was used to test the significance of the differences in the scaling exponents of M versus A between the two light environments. The scaling exponents of cotyledons at both two sites, as well as the primary leaves at the shade site, were greater than unity indicating ‘diminishing returns’, while the scaling exponent of primary leaves at the open site was smaller than unity indicating ‘increasing returns’. The data collectively indicated light-dependent shifts in support investments and differences in the function of cotyledons and primary leaves. Average leaf structural traits displayed significant differences between the two light environments in accordance with the premium in enhancing photosynthetic capacity in high light and light interception in low light. Although the trait responses to light availability were similar for primary leaves and cotyledons, primary leaves were more responsive to light availability, indicating lower plasticity of cotyledons in response to light levels. These results advance our understanding of the roles of cotyledons and primary leaves in the life history of seedlings in different forest light environments.
Introduction: Political Ecologies of Paper in Early Modern Art, 1500–1800
Authors: Brisman Shira , Fowler Caroline 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This special issue examines paper as it became the definitive material for both artistic practice and jurisprudence. European paper made from pulped rags and linens to create the mythic white empty grounds for design was foundational to early modern European ideas about both sovereignty and the creative act. The materiality of paper—as a surface created from refuse—also introduced a form of ecological thinking into both artistic practice and political theory that recognised the value and revolutionary potential of the material world to create from the detritus of failed projects and revolutions. Surveying artistic production across the European continent and into the Ottoman empire, this series of essays examines paper as both a material force that redefined the limits of the creative act while also being inseparable from the consolidation of new political regimes emerging from the rise of early modern colonialism. Paper was both the tool of dispossession and also the grounds on which the potential of artistic practice was reimagined.
The phase coherence of cortical oscillations predicts dynamic changes in perceived visibility
Authors: Akdogan Irem , Ogmen Haluk , Kafaligonul Hulusi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The phase synchronization of brain oscillations plays an important role in visual processing, perceptual awareness, and performance. Yet, the cortical mechanisms underlying modulatory effects of post-stimulus phase coherence and frequency-specific oscillations associated with different aspects of vision are still subject to debate. In this study, we aimed to identify the post-stimulus phase coherence of cortical oscillations associated with perceived visibility and contour discrimination. We analyzed electroencephalogram data from two masking experiments where target visibility was manipulated by the contrast ratio or polarity of the mask under various onset timing conditions (stimulus onset asynchronies, SOAs). The behavioral results indicated an SOA-dependent suppression of target visibility due to masking. The time-frequency analyses revealed significant modulations of phase coherence over occipital and parieto-occipital regions. We particularly identified modulations of phase coherence in the (i) 2–5 Hz frequency range, which may reflect feedforward-mediated contour detection and sustained visibility; and (ii) 10–25 Hz frequency range, which may be associated with suppressed visibility through inhibitory interactions between and within synchronized neural pathways. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that oscillatory phase alignments, not only in the pre-stimulus but also in the post-stimulus window, play a crucial role in shaping perceived visibility and dynamic vision.
Prognostic value of echocardiographic-derived stroke volume in severe primary mitral regurgitation
Authors: Granot Yoav , Gefen Sheizaf , Karlsberg Daniel , Ran Sapir Orly , Laufer Perl Michal , Zahler David , Viskin Dana , Banai Shmuel , Topilsky Yan , Havakuk Ofer 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
Studies have demonstrated the importance of forward flow, and specifically of stroke volume (SV) and SV index (SVI), as prognostic markers in different cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we aim to evaluate the association between SV and SVI thresholds and prognosis in patients with severe primary mitral regurgitation (MR).

Methods and results
The association between either SV (&lt;55, 55–70, and &gt;70 mL) or SVI (&lt;30, 30–35, and &gt;35 mL/m2) thresholds and all-cause mortality and heart failure (HF) hospitalizations was examined in a retrospective analysis of 283 patients [60% male, median age 70 years, interquartile range (IQR) 58–82] with severe primary MR, normal left ventricular size and systolic function, and no other significant left-sided valvular abnormalities. Compared with normal values, SV &lt; 55 mL was found to be associated with worse outcomes (hazard ratio 1.8, IQR 1.1–2.8, P = 0.016), whereas SV between 55 and 70 mL was not. A non-significant trend for worse outcomes was noted for SVI &lt; 35 mL/m2 compared with normal SVI.

Conclusion
In patients with severe primary MR, SV &lt; 55 mL was found to be associated with increased rates of HF hospitalization and all-cause mortality. This easily obtainable parameter may allow for better risk stratification of patients with primary MR.
Is it just another case of vaccine-induced myocarditis? A case report and key insights
Authors: Natarajan Nalin , Al-Mohammad Abdulrahman , Ngan Thomas , Dutta Roy Smita 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
As the number of individuals receiving the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine continues to rise, we have observed a concurrent increase in myopericarditis cases within the general population. This case serves as a reminder of the necessity to approach such occurrences with an open mind. Additionally, it underscores the importance of employing multi-modal imaging techniques alongside a collaborative, multi-disciplinary approach when addressing complex medical cases.

Case summary
We present a case of a woman in her 50s attending the emergency department with pyrexia, lethargy, and chest pain following the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. She had a background of systemic lupus erythematosus that was treated with immunosuppressive medication.
Initial assessments revealed abnormal electrocardiogram, elevated troponin, and raised inflammatory markers. A diagnosis of likely vaccine-induced myopericarditis was made. However, blood cultures revealed Listeria monocytogenes, and cardiac imaging confirmed a right atrial (RA) thrombus that was considered to be infected. Subsequently, she was treated for Listeria myopericarditis and infected thrombus with intravenous antibiotics and anticoagulation. The patient did not wish for any invasive investigations given her clinical improvement. This is the first case of Listeria-related myopericarditis with an infected thrombus in the RA. We saw the full resolution of RA mass with medical management.

Discussion
This case highlights the importance of multi-modality imaging techniques to facilitate the diagnosis of Listeria-related myopericarditis accompanied by an infected thrombus. It also emphasizes the importance of conducting interval scanning and follow-up assessments to ensure the resolution of the disease. To improve diagnostic accuracy, an endomyocardial biopsy can also be considered.
Myocardial infarction showing non-ischaemic late gadolinium enhancement pattern in the mid-septum: a case report
Authors: Tassetti Luigi , Massa Ludovica , Pontone Gianluca 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is gaining an important role in the setting of acute coronary syndromes: it gives prognostic information based on oedema and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) extension in acute myocardial infarction, and has a diagnostic value in myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) thanks to its capability to distinguish, based on different LGE patterns, ischaemic and non-ischaemic myocardial injuries.

Case summary
We describe a case of acute myocardial infarction involving a recurrent apical branch showing an atypical intramyocardial LGE pattern in the medium inferior septum.

Discussion
An intramyocardial LGE pattern might be determined by an ischaemic injury involving the interventricular septum. The knowledge of this misleading LGE pattern is important to adequately interpret CMR findings in this clinical setting.
Exploring Perceived Limitations to Daily Activities Due to Chronic Conditions: A Person-Centered Approach to Measuring Multimorbidity Severity
Authors: Bishop Nicholas J , Nagel Corey , Quiñones Ana R 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Person-centered approaches to measuring severity of multimorbidity (≥ 2 chronic conditions) can help clinicians assess the individual experience of multimorbidity and inform effective caregiving and intervention strategies. We examine how limitations in everyday activities attributable to specific chronic conditions act independently and in tandem to influence individual perceptions of multimorbidity severity.

Methods
Data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (2005–2021) were used to investigate self-reported limitations in normal daily activities resulting from nine chronic conditions (hypertension, arthritis, diabetes, heart condition [heart disease/heart attack], cancer, lung disease, stroke, depression, and memory loss) in 4 318 adults aged 55–95 (18 878 person-wave observations). We used descriptive and inferential analyses to estimate limitations resulting from specific conditions, limitations attributable to condition combinations, and the contribution of comorbid conditions to condition-specific and overall severity. Follow-up analyses addressed mortality selection using inverse probability weighting and examined cancer type and cancer status/treatment modality among respondents reporting cancer diagnosis.

Results
Of the more prevalent conditions, arthritis was associated with the most severe limitations to normal activities. Memory loss was the least frequent condition reported but resulted in the most severe limitations, and as a comorbid condition, increased limitations reported for most conditions. Inverse probability weighting adjusted models revealed heterogeneity in estimates for some conditions including cancer and cancer survivors tended to report less lethal cancers that were cured or in remission.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that efforts to prevent and treat arthritis and support cognitive function may reduce the severity of multimorbidity experienced by the individual.
The HHMP Decomposition of the Permutohedron and Degenerations of Torus Orbits in Flag Varieties
Authors: Lian Carl 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Let $Z\subset \operatorname{Fl}(n)$ be the closure of a generic torus orbit in the full flag variety. Anderson–Tymoczko express the cohomology class of $Z$ as a sum of classes of Richardson varieties. Harada–Horiguchi–Masuda–Park give a decomposition of the permutohedron, the moment map image of $Z$, into subpolytopes corresponding to the summands of the Anderson–Tymoczko formula. We construct an explicit toric degeneration inside $\operatorname{Fl}(n)$ of $Z$ into Richardson varieties, whose moment map images coincide with the HHMP decomposition, thereby obtaining a new proof of the Anderson–Tymoczko formula.
Diversity Representations in Advertising: Enhancing Variety Perceptions and Brand Outcomes
Authors: Khan Uzma , Kim Saetbyeol , Choi Suwon , Labroo Aparna 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We present a novel business case for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) by showing that DEI representations in advertisements have important, and yet unestablished, implications for brands. We show that depicting observably diverse (e.g., in race, gender, or age) models in advertisements creates a perception that the brand offers greater product variety, even when the advertisement neither showcases nor directly suggests greater variety. This effect arises because people believe that observably different customers have more varied needs. Diversity representations, therefore, increase the perception that the brand offers greater product variety, presumably to meet the varied needs of its observably different customers. The findings are important because perceptions of variety improve brand impression, perceptions of a brand’s creativity, willingness to pay, willingness to use, and choice. The findings are particularly relevant for brands that offer limited variety, face resource constraints to diversify, and/or want to benefit from generating perceptions of large product variety while avoiding the drawbacks of managing large assortments.
When market access gains do not spur urban growth
Authors: Klein Marius , Rauch Ferdinand 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We revisit the natural experiments of division and unification of Germany. The negative shock to local market access following the division of Germany led to a fast and strong downward adjustment of the size of West German cities near the new border. In contrast, the positive shock of reunification did not lead to any change in their relative size. Even three decades after reunification, no convergence can be observed. We show that local subsidies to East Germany could have contributed to this asymmetry in time.
Corn stover variability drives differences in bisabolene production by engineered Rhodotorula toruloides
Authors: Okonkwo Onyinye , Dou Chang , Oksen Ethan , Narani Akash , Marcondes Wilian , Chen Xiaowen , Kim Joonhoon , Gao Yuqian , Burnet Meagan C , Webb-Robertson Bobbie-Jo M , Poirier Brenton C , Tanjore Deepti , Magnuson Jon K , Munoz Nathalie Munoz , Gardner James 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Microbial conversion of lignocellulosic biomass represents an alternative route for production of biofuels and bioproducts. While researchers have mostly focused on engineering strains such as Rhodotorula toruloides for better bisabolene production as a sustainable aviation fuel, less is known about the impact of the feedstock heterogeneity on bisabolene production. Critical material attributes like feedstock composition, nutritional content, and inhibitory compounds can all influence bioconversion. Further, the given feedstocks can have a marked influence on selection of suitable pretreatment and hydrolysis technologies, optimizing the fermentation conditions, and possibly even modifying the microorganism's metabolic pathways, to better utilize the available feedstock. This work aimed to examine and understand how variations in corn stover batches, anatomical fractions, and storage conditions impact the efficiency of bisabolene production by R. toruloides. All of these represent different facets of feedstock heterogeneity. Deacetylation, mechanical refining, and enzymatic hydrolysis of these variable feedstocks served as the basis of this research. The resulting hydrolysates were converted to bisabolene via fermentation, a sustainable aviation fuel precursor, using an engineered R. toruloides strain. This study showed that different sources of feedstock heterogeneity can influence microbial growth and product titer in counterintuitive ways, as revealed through global analysis of protein expression. The maximum bisabolene produced by R. toruloides was on the stalk fraction of corn stover hydrolysate (8.89 ± 0.47 g/L). Further, proteomics analysis comparing the protein expression between the anatomic fractions showed that proteins relating to carbohydrate metabolism, energy production, and conversion as well as inorganic ion transport metabolism were either significantly upregulated or downregulated. Specifically, downregulation of proteins related to the iron–sulfur cluster in stalk fraction suggests a coordinated response by R. toruloides to maintain overall metabolic balance, and this was corroborated by the concentration of iron in the feedstocks.

One-Sentence Summary
This study elucidates the effects of different sources of corn stover on bisabolene production by engineered Rhodotorula toruloides, highlighting the importance of understanding feedstock variability to enhance bioprocess efficiency and economic outcomes.
Unraveling molecular and clinical aspects of ALKBH5 as dual role in colorectal cancer
Authors: Memon Furqan , Nadeem Momina , Sulaiman Muhammad , Arain Mudassar Iqbal , Hani Umm-E- , Yuan Shengtao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study investigates the dual role of ALKBH5, an eraser enzyme, in colorectal cancer (CRC), focusing on how N6-methyladenosine (m6A) mutations influence CRC development and progression.

Methods
We reviewed various studies that highlighted the role of ALKBH5 in colorectal cancer (CRC). This includes the impact of ALKBH5 on tumor cell behavior including immune system interactions, invasion, and proliferation in CRC. We also looked into how ALKBH5 acts as a tumor suppressor under different conditions analyzed clinical data to assess the impact of ALKBH5 expression on outcomes in colorectal cancer patients.

Key findings
In CRC, ALKBH5 plays a dual role. In certain situations, it inhibits the progression of the tumor, but in other circumstances, it promotes tumor growth and immunosuppression. The interaction with RABA5 plays a role in the development of CRC. Having elevated levels of ALKBH5 has been associated with unfavorable patient outcomes, such as reduced survival rates and more advanced cancer stages. Various factors, including tumor differentiation, TNM stages, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels, be linked to ALKBH5 expression.

Conclusions
ALKBH5 plays a complicated and situation-specific role in colorectal cancer (CRC). Targeting ALKBH5 could result in novel therapy options that balance its tumor-promoting and tumor-fighting properties in CRC. Further research into m6A alterations and ALKBH5 could enhance CRC treatment approaches and patient outcomes.
Painting Rocks with Polarized Light
Authors: Cesare Bernardo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Exploring the intersection between science and art — Sciart — inevitably involves microscopy because of its intrinsic ability to reveal microscopic hidden worlds not normally accessible to the public. Aesthetic microscopy, mainly performed in the biosciences using optical and electron devices, has more recently included the world of rocks and minerals as viewed with polarized light microscopy. In this contribution, all images are only from quartz to demonstrate the project micROCKScopica, where thin slices of rocks are “painted” with polarized light. The results resemble abstract or impressionist works of art. Who would have imagined?
G4LDB 3.0: a database for discovering and studying G-quadruplex and i-motif ligands
Authors: Yang Qian-Fan , Wang Xu-Rui , Wang Yu-Huan , Wu Xing-Hong , Shi Run-Yu , Wang Yan-Xi , Zhu Hao-Ning , Yang Shu , Tang Ya-Lin , Li Feng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Non-canonical nucleic acid structures, such as G-quadruplex (G4) and i-Motif (iM), have garnered significant research interest because of their unique structural properties and biological activities. Thousands of small molecules targeting G4/iM structures have been developed for various chemical and biological applications. In response to the growing interest in G4-targeting ligands, we launched the first G4 Ligand Database (G4LDB) in 2013. Here, we introduce G4LDB 3.0 (http://www.g4ldb.com), an upgraded version featuring extensive enhancements in content and functionality. The new version includes over 4800 G4/iM ligands and approximately 51 000 activity entries. Key upgrades include advanced search capabilities, dynamic knowledge graphs, enhanced data visualization, along with a new dynamic analysis function that automatically displays ligand structure clustering results and chemical space distribution. With these updates, G4LDB 3.0 further evolves into a comprehensive resource and valuable research tool. The significant improvements address the increasing demand for efficient data handling and user experience, highlighting the critical role of G4LDB in advancing research on G-quadruplexes and i-motifs.