bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel model‐driven approach for seamless integration
Authors: Mustacoglu Ahmet F. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThis research mentions integration problems and describes a novel model‐driven approach that intend to reach a higher degree of interoperability among different software development tools coming from different technological spaces (TSs) by representing data of tools through the models. The proposed concept introduce a way to integrate various software related tools and aim to provide a modular syntax for tool integration that leverage the collaboration of different tools. In this work, the proposed approach has been tested through a case–study by demonstrating a single aspect of the model‐driven tool integration because the model‐driven tool integration has a wide scope and it is difficult to show all aspects of it in one research. It is proved that the model‐driven tool integration is possible based on the proposed concept between different TSs, and the formulation of the proposed approach is provided. As the results indicate, the proposed system integrates selected software‐related tools coming from different TSs and enables them to use each other's capabilities. This work paves the way to contribute for the standardization efforts of the model‐driven tool integration. Finally, further research opportunities are provided. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Spiritual Well-Being Scale in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Soleimani Mohammad Ali , Pahlevan Sharif Saeed , Allen Kelly A. , Yaghoobzadeh Ameneh , Sharif Nia Hamid , Gorgulu Ozkan 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Persian version of Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS) in patients with acute myocardial infarction. A multisite, cross-sectional survey was employed to determine the instrument’s reliability (Cronbach’s α and construct reliability) and validity (face, content, and construct). Using systematic sampling of adult outpatients at primary care clinic sites in the Qazvin City, Iran (N = 300), it was found that the Cronbach’s alpha and construct reliability of both factors associated with the SWBS were above 0.7. The construct validity of the scale was determined using exploratory factor analysis. The findings supported two factors: relation with God and relation with life. Further investigation through confirmatory factor analysis (eigenvalues of greater than one) confirmed a third factor construct associated with the SWBS. A total of 50.65 % of the variance were explained by these three factors. The overall findings of the study demonstrated that the SWBS is a valid and reliable instrument that has potential utility in future research and clinical practice settings.
Using reflection to influence practice: student perceptions of daily reflection in clinical education
Authors: Larsen Douglas P. , London Daniel A. , Emke Amanda R. 
Published: September 2016

Purpose Reflection is a key element in learning from experience, but the impact of most programmes of reflection on daily practice remains unclear. We investigated students’ perceptions of adding a daily written reflection assignment to a clinical rotation.
Methods Third-year medical students on a single two-week rotation completed daily reflections analyzing their performance. Programme evaluation used a 33-question anonymized survey. Quantitative data were summarized and qualitative responses coded for recurring themes.
Results Twenty-six students completed the survey (90 % response rate). Eighty-five percent of students felt that the daily reflections had a positive impact on their learning from clinical experience. Seventy-seven percent of students reported that the programme changed their awareness of their thoughts and actions, and 80 % felt that it improved their recall of experiences. A greater sense of mindfulness and focus on self-improvement were major themes that emerge from students’ descriptions of the role of daily reflections in their learning.
Conclusion Overall, daily reflections demonstrated a positive learning influence. This exploratory study suggests students may benefit from more frequent, short reflections as opposed to more typically spaced reflective assignments.
What parents don't know: Disclosure and secrecy in a sample of urban adolescents
Authors: Jäggi Lena , Drazdowski Tess K. , Kliewer Wendy 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTResearch with two‐parent European households has suggested that secrecy, and not disclosure of information per se, predicts adolescent adjustment difficulties. The present study attempted to replicate this finding using data from a 4‐wave study of 358 poor, urban adolescents (47% male; M age = 12 yrs) in the United States, most of whom (>92%) were African American. Adolescents self‐reported secrecy, disclosure, depressive symptoms, and delinquency at each wave. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed that a two‐factor model with secrecy and disclosure as separate, but correlated, factors was a better fit than a one‐factor model. However, predictive models differed from previous research. Secrecy did not predict depressive symptoms, rather depressive symptoms predicted secrecy. For delinquency, there were significant paths from both secrecy to delinquency and delinquency to secrecy, as well as from delinquency to disclosure. These results did not differ by age or sex. Comparisons with previous findings are discussed.
Ultrasound‐Guided Fasciotomy for Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome: A Cadaveric Investigation
Authors: Lueders Daniel R. , Sellon Jacob L. , Smith Jay , Finnoff Jonathan T. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundChronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is a common cause of exertional leg pain. It is commonly treated with a surgical fasciotomy, which has a surgical complication rate of up to 16% and takes approximately 6‐12 weeks to return to preprocedure activity levels. Therefore, the development of a less invasive, effective outpatient intervention to treat CECS is desirable.ObjectiveTo describe and validate an ultrasound‐guided (USG) fasciotomy technique for the anterior and lateral compartments of the lower limb in an unembalmed cadaveric model.DesignProspective, cadaveric laboratory investigation.SettingAcademic institution procedural skills laboratory.SubjectsTen unembalmed cadaveric knee‐ankle‐foot specimens from 1 female (2 specimens) and 7 male donors aged 62‐91 years (mean 78.6 years) with body mass indices of 18.9‐35.3 kg/m2 (mean 27.1 kg/m2).MethodsTwo experienced operators each performed USG anterior and lateral compartment fasciotomies on 5 unembalmed cadaveric legs. A third physician subsequently dissected the legs to assess the continuity of the fasciotomies and to identify any neurovascular damage related to the procedures.Main Outcome MeasuresFasciotomy length (in centimeters) and classification by completeness (achieved target length or did not achieve target length) and continuity (continuous or discontinuous) based on predetermined criteria. Muscles, retinaculae, and neurovascular structures were assessed for damage.ResultsNo neurovascular injuries occurred in any of the 20 USG fasciotomies. The average fasciotomy length was 22.5 cm. All 20 of the fasciotomies achieved the target length. A continuous cephalocaudal fasciotomy was accomplished in 13 of 20 fasciotomies. When a fasciotomy was not continuous, the average length and number of intact fascial bands was 1.52 cm and 2.3, respectively.ConclusionsUSG fasciotomy of the anterior and lateral leg compartments can be safely performed in a cadaveric model and can achieve a fasciotomy length comparable to surgical fasciotomy. Most procedures successfully achieved a continuous cephalocaudal fasciotomy, although small areas of intact fascial bands were identified in approximately one‐third of procedures. The clinical significance of this finding is indeterminate. Given the safety demonstrated with this minimally invasive USG fasciotomy in a cadaveric model, further research is warranted to develop and refine the technique for clinical application.Level of EvidenceNot applicable.
Chemical investigations of volatile kairomones produced by Hyphantria cunea (Drury), a host of the parasitoid Chouioia cunea Yang
Authors: Zhu G. , Pan L. , Zhao Y. , Zhang X. , Wang F. , Yu Y. , Fan W. , Liu Q. , Zhang S. , Li M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn tritrophic ‘plants–herbivores–natural enemies’ systems, there are relatively few reports concerning the role(s) of kairomones in pupal parasitism. Chouioia cunea Yang (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), an endoparasitic chalcid wasp, parasitizes pupae of the fall webworm (Hyphantria cunea Drury). The role of host-related kairomones was investigated using electroantennogram (EAG) and behavioral techniques. Chemicals from some host stages (pupae) and host by-products (frass), induced arrestment behavior of female parasitoids, while chemicals from prepupae, were inactive. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of volatiles collected from pupae, frass and prepupae using solid-phase microextration revealed seven compounds with carbon chain lengths ranging from C4 to C20. All of the chemicals elicited significant EAG responses in C. cunea. Y-tube olfactometer bioassays demonstrated a significant positive response of mated female C. cunea to 1-dodecene. These data provide a better understanding of the host location mechanisms of pupal parasitoid.
Home-based anthropometric, blood pressure and pulse measurements in young children by trained data collectors in the National Children’s Study
Authors: Zimowski Michele , Moye Jack , Dugoni Bernard , Heim Viox Melissa , Cohen Hildie , Winfrey Krishna 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe current study assessed whether home-based data collection by trained data collectors can produce high-quality physical measurement data in young children.DesignThe study assessed the quality of intra-examiner measurements of blood pressure, pulse rate and anthropometric dimensions using intra-examiner reliability and intra-examiner technical error of measurement (TEM).SettingNon-clinical, primarily private homes of National Children’s Study participants in twenty-two study locations across the USA.SubjectsChildren in four age groups: 5–7 months (n 91), 11–16 months (n 393), 23–28 months (n 1410) and 35–40 months (n 800).ResultsAbsolute TEM ranged in value from 0·09 to 16·21, varying widely by age group and measure, as expected. Relative TEM spanned from 0·27 to 13·71 across age groups and physical measures. Reliabilities for anthropometric measurements by age group and measure ranged from 0·46 to >0·99 with most exceeding 0·90, suggesting that the large majority of anthropometric measures can be collected in a home-based setting on young children by trained data collectors. Reliabilities for blood pressure and pulse rate measurements by age group ranged from 0·21 to 0·74, implying these are less reliably measured with young children when taken in the data collection context described here.ConclusionsReliability estimates >0·95 for weight, length, height, and thigh, waist and head circumference, and >0·90 for triceps and subscapular skinfolds, indicate that these measures can be collected in the field by trained data collectors without compromising data quality. These estimates can be used for interim evaluations of data collector training and measurement protocols.
Gluten contamination in gluten-free bakery products: a risk for coeliac disease patients
Authors: Farage Priscila , de Medeiros Nóbrega Yanna Karla , Pratesi Riccardo , Gandolfi Lenora , Assunção Pedro , Zandonadi Renata Puppin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to assess the safety of gluten-free bakery products for consumption by coeliac patients.Design/settingIn the current exploratory cross-sectional quantitative study, a total of 130 samples were collected from twenty-five bakeries in Brasilia (Brazil). For the quantification of gluten, an ELISA was used. The threshold of 20 ppm gluten was considered as the safe upper limit for gluten-free food, as proposed in the Codex Alimentarius.ResultsThe results revealed a total of 21·5 % of contamination among the bakery products sampled. Sixty-four per cent of the bakeries sold at least one contaminated product in our sample.ConclusionsThese findings represent a risk for coeliac patients since the ingestion of gluten traces may be sufficient to adversely impact on their health.
A second DNA binding site in human BRCA2 promotes homologous recombination
Authors: von Nicolai Catharina , Ehlén Åsa , Martin Charlotte , Zhang Xiaodong , Carreira Aura 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBRCA2 tumour-suppressor protein is well known for its role in DNA repair by homologous recombination (HR); assisting the loading of RAD51 recombinase at DNA double-strand breaks. This function is executed by the C-terminal DNA binding domain (CTD) which binds single-stranded (ss)DNA, and the BRC repeats, which bind RAD51 and modulate its assembly onto ssDNA. Paradoxically, analysis of cells resistant to DNA damaging agents missing the CTD restore HR proficiency, suggesting another domain may take over its function. Here, we identify a region in the N terminus of BRCA2 that exhibits DNA binding activity (NTD) and provide evidence for NTD promoting RAD51-mediated HR. A missense variant detected in breast cancer patients located in the NTD impairs HR stimulation on dsDNA/ssDNA junction containing substrates. These findings shed light on the function of the N terminus of BRCA2 and have implications for the evaluation of breast cancer variants.
Metastatic progression is associated with dynamic changes in the local microenvironment
Authors: Aiello Nicole M. , Bajor David L. , Norgard Robert J. , Sahmoud Amine , Bhagwat Neha , Pham Minh N. , Cornish Toby C. , Iacobuzio-Donahue Christine A. , Vonderheide Robert H. , Stanger Ben Z. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMost cancer-associated deaths result from metastasis. However, it remains unknown whether the size, microenvironment or other features of a metastatic lesion dictate its behaviour or determine the efficacy of chemotherapy in the adjuvant (micrometastatic) setting. Here we delineate the natural history of metastasis in an autochthonous model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), using lineage tracing to examine the evolution of disseminated cancer cells and their associated microenvironment. With increasing size, lesions shift from mesenchymal to epithelial histology, become hypovascular and accumulate a desmoplastic stroma, ultimately recapitulating the primary tumours from which they arose. Moreover, treatment with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel significantly reduces the overall number of metastases by inducing cell death in lesions of all sizes, challenging the paradigm that PDAC stroma imposes a critical barrier to drug delivery. These results illuminate the cellular dynamics of metastatic progression and suggest that adjuvant chemotherapy affords a survival benefit by directly targeting micrometastases.
Cold sensitivity of TRPA1 is unveiled by the prolyl hydroxylation blockade-induced sensitization to ROS
Authors: Miyake Takahito , Nakamura Saki , Zhao Meng , So Kanako , Inoue Keisuke , Numata Tomohiro , Takahashi Nobuaki , Shirakawa Hisashi , Mori Yasuo , Nakagawa Takayuki , Kaneko Shuji 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMammalian transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a polymodal nociceptor that plays an important role in pain generation, but its role as a cold nociceptor is still controversial. Here, we propose that TRPA1 can sense noxious cold via transduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) signalling. We show that inhibiting hydroxylation of a proline residue within the N-terminal ankyrin repeat of human TRPA1 by mutation or using a prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitor potentiates the cold sensitivity of TRPA1 in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Inhibiting PHD in mice triggers mouse TRPA1 sensitization sufficiently to sense cold-evoked ROS, which causes cold hypersensitivity. Furthermore, this phenomenon underlies the acute cold hypersensitivity induced by the chemotherapeutic agent oxaliplatin or its metabolite oxalate. Thus, our findings provide evidence that blocking prolyl hydroxylation reveals TRPA1 sensitization to ROS, which enables TRPA1 to convert ROS signalling into cold sensitivity.
Managing multimorbidity in primary care in patients with chronic respiratory conditions
Authors: Morrison Deborah , Agur Karolina , Mercer Stewart , Eiras Andreia , González-Montalvo Juan I , Gruffydd-Jones Kevin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe term multimorbidity is usually defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic conditions within an individual, whereas the term comorbidity traditionally describes patients with an index condition and one or more additional conditions. Multimorbidity of chronic conditions markedly worsens outcomes in patients, increases treatment burden and increases health service costs. Although patients with chronic respiratory disease often have physical comorbidities, they also commonly experience psychological problems such as depression and anxiety. Multimorbidity is associated with increased health-care utilisation and specifically with an increased number of prescription drugs in individuals with multiple chronic conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine Education Section case study involves a patient in a primary care consultation presenting several common diseases prevalent in people of this age. The patient takes nine different drugs at this moment, one or more pills for each condition, which amounts to polypharmacy. The problems related with polypharmacy recommend that a routine medication review by primary care physicians be performed to reduce the risk of adverse effects of polypharmacy among those with multiple chronic conditions. The primary care physician has the challenging role of integrating all of the clinical problems affecting the patient and reviewing all medicaments (including over-the-counter medications) taken by the patient at any point in time, and has the has the key to prevent the unwanted consequences of polypharmacy. Multimorbid chronic disease management can be achieved with the use of care planning, unified disease templates, use of information technology with appointment reminders and with the help of the wider primary care and community teams.
Primates’ behavioural responses to tourists: evidence for a trade-off between potential risks and benefits
Authors: Maréchal Laëtitia , MacLarnon Ann , Majolo Bonaventura , Semple Stuart 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe presence of, and interactions with tourists can be both risky and beneficial for wild animals. In wildlife tourism settings, animals often experience elevated rates of aggression from conspecifics, and they may also be threatened or physically aggressed by the tourists themselves. However, tourist provisioning of wild animals provides them with highly desirable foods. In situations of conflicting motivations such as this, animals would be expected to respond using behavioural coping mechanisms. In the present study, we investigated how animals respond to tourist pressure, using wild adult Barbary macaques in the Middle Atlas Mountains, Morocco, as a case study. We found evidence that these animals use a range of different behavioural coping mechanisms–physical avoidance, social support, affiliative, aggressive and displacement behaviours–to cope with the stress associated with tourists. The pattern of use of such behaviours appears to depend on a trade-off between perceived risks and potential benefits. We propose a framework to describe how animals respond to conflicting motivational situations, such as the presence of tourists, that present simultaneously risks and benefits.
Amyloid structure exhibits polymorphism on multiple length scales in human brain tissue
Authors: Liu Jiliang , Costantino Isabel , Venugopalan Nagarajan , Fischetti Robert F. , Hyman Bradley T. , Frosch Matthew P. , Gomez-Isla Teresa , Makowski Lee 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAggregation of Aβ amyloid fibrils into plaques in the brain is a universal hallmark of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), but whether plaques in different individuals are equivalent is unknown. One possibility is that amyloid fibrils exhibit different structures and different structures may contribute differentially to disease, either within an individual brain or between individuals. However, the occurrence and distribution of structural polymorphisms of amyloid in human brain is poorly documented. Here we use X-ray microdiffraction of histological sections of human tissue to map the abundance, orientation and structural heterogeneities of amyloid. Our observations indicate that (i) tissue derived from subjects with different clinical histories may contain different ensembles of fibrillar structures; (ii) plaques harboring distinct amyloid structures can coexist within a single tissue section and (iii) within individual plaques there is a gradient of fibrillar structure from core to margins. These observations have immediate implications for existing theories on the inception and progression of AD.
Catalytic Thr or Ser Residue Modulates Structural Switches in 2-Cys Peroxiredoxin by Distinct Mechanisms
Authors: Tairum Carlos A. , Santos Melina Cardoso , Breyer Carlos A. , Geyer R. Ryan , Nieves Cecilia J. , Portillo-Ledesma Stephanie , Ferrer-Sueta Gerardo , Toledo José Carlos , Toyama Marcos H. , Augusto Ohara , Netto Luis E. S. , de Oliveira Marcos A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTypical 2-Cys Peroxiredoxins (2-Cys Prxs) reduce hydroperoxides with extraordinary rates due to an active site composed of a catalytic triad, containing a peroxidatic cysteine (CP), an Arg, and a Thr (or Ser). 2-Cys Prx are involved in processes such as cancer; neurodegeneration and host-pathogen interactions. During catalysis, 2-Cys Prxs switch between decamers and dimers. Analysis of 2-Cys Prx structures in the fully folded (but not locally unfolded) form revealed a highly conserved, non-conventional hydrogen bond (CH-π) between the catalytic triad Thr of a dimer with an aromatic residue of an adjacent dimer. In contrast, structures of 2-Cys Prxs with a Ser in place of the Thr do not display this CH-π bond. Chromatographic and structural data indicate that the Thr (but not Ser) destabilizes the decamer structure in the oxidized state probably through steric hindrance. As a general trend, mutations in a yeast 2-Cys Prx (Tsa1) favoring the dimeric state also displayed a decreased catalytic activity. Remarkably, yeast naturally contains Thr-Ser variants (Tsa1 and Tsa2, respectively) with distinct oligomeric stabilities in their disulfide states.