bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medizinischer Kinderschutz zwischen Elternrecht, Selbstbestimmungsrecht und Schutzverantwortung. Teil 1 – rechtliche Grundlagen
Authors: Kliemann Andrea , Winter Sibylle M. , Fegert Jörg M. , Berthold Oliver 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungBesteht der Verdacht auf Vernachlässigung oder emotionale, körperliche oder sexualisierte Gewalt gegen ein Kind, entstehen in der Versorgung häufig Unsicherheiten. Die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen sind den beteiligten Ärzt*innen meist nicht vollständig bekannt. Dabei ist ihre Beachtung wichtig, um auch alle Interessen der betroffenen Kinder zu berücksichtigen. Der Beitrag stellt die geltenden rechtlichen Grundlagen dar und bietet mögliche Handlungsoptionen.
A review on optimization of autonomous welding parameters for robotics applications
Authors: Ali Radwa , El-Betar Ahmed , Magdy Mahmoud 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn order to withstand the competitive nature of the industrial market and maintain the longevity of products, researchers try to enhance current technologies and create cost-effective solutions. Aside from acquiring new machinery, it also involves successfully managing actual process variables. To get the desired and financially advantageous results, it is necessary to measure, control, and optimize these process variables. The welding process is significantly influenced by its characteristics, which play a major role in assessing the weld quality and reducing the welding time while ensuring the elimination of defects. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the research findings, developments, and remarkable techniques. First, the effective old-trade techniques applied for welding optimization are discussed. Then, the sophisticated methods depending on AI are handled for adaptive welding control, such as ANN in tandem with GA models, ant colony optimization technique, and the NSGA-III algorithm. After that, summarize the relevant research related to building models with supportive vision sensing elements for seam tracking, monitoring the weld pool, and handling feedback control. Finally, the future research difficulties and directions toward real-time intelligent monitoring are highlighted. This review will help aspiring and ambitious researchers gain a comprehensive understanding of welding optimization for robotics applications.
Investigating the performance of the pressurized injection lubrication technique in the turning process
Authors: Elsadek Ahmed A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEfficient lubrication and cooling are crucial in machining operations to enhance tool life and workpiece quality. Sustainable methods like minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) and dry cutting often face limitations in cooling efficiency and chip evacuation, especially under high-speed conditions or when machining difficult-to-cut materials such as stainless steel. This study introduces the novel pressurized injection lubrication (PIL) technique designed to address these challenges by optimizing lubrication, cooling, and chip evacuation during the turning operations of stainless steel 304. Using flaxseed oil as the lubricant, the PIL system employs a 0.26 mm stream diameter at a pressure of 16 bar to provide the necessary cooling and lubrication to the cutting zone. Cutting temperature and surface roughness were selected as the primary responses. Experimental runs were designed using the Taguchi L9 method. Analysis of variance showed that the lubrication method significantly affected the cutting temperature, with a contribution percentage approaching 94%. The experimental results demonstrated that PIL reduced the cutting temperature by up to 55%, while MQL reduced it by about 48%, both compared to dry cutting at the highest utilized speed. The lubrication method was also found to be the most significant factor affecting surface roughness, with a contribution percentage of 72.8%. Experimentally, PIL improved surface roughness by a maximum of 16.2% compared to MQL. Additionally, PIL maintained low oil consumption (0.9 l/h) and energy usage (< 0.017 kWh). The cost-effective PIL setup, priced under 65 USD, underscores its potential as a sustainable and efficient alternative for machining processes. The system’s components are readily available, facilitating easy integration into existing metal-cutting machines. Finite element analysis (FEA) modeling was used to predict residual stresses under different lubrication methods. The FEA model indicated that PIL and MQL reduced residual stresses by about 81.2% and 76.6%, respectively, compared to dry cutting at a speed of 500 rpm. These findings suggest that PIL can significantly enhance machining performance and sustainability, offering a viable solution to modern manufacturing challenges.
Machinability analysis of Albromet W130 copper alloy by WEDM
Authors: Mouralova Katerina , Bednar Josef , Benes Libor , Zahradnicek Radim , Fries Jiri 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe unconventional wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) technology represents a vital manufacturing technology in different industrial branches, such as aviation, military, automotive or energy industry. The WEDM energy demand is considerable and it is, therefore, desirable to reduce the machining time by optimising the machining parameters. In the study, the chosen parameters were Pulse off time, Gap voltage, Discharge current, Pulse on time, and Wire feed. Another factor we investigated in our Box-Behnken design of the experiment was the workpiece thickness. The cutting speed, topography, and surface morphology were analysed in the samples produced for the design of the experiment. This investigation was carried out using electron microscopy. The chemical composition of individual spots was analysed as well. The samples were found not to have significant differences in the appearance of craters on the edge and in the centre. Similarly, there was no significant difference observed between thicknesses and different parameter settings. The surfaces also show a large number of small bubbles. There were, however, no cracks or other defects found, even in the cross-sections of all samples.
Histomorphometric and developmental analysis of human fetal caecum and appendix with its embryological significance
Authors: Nehra Abhinav , Gupta Chirag , Palimar Vikram , Kalthur Sneha Guruprasad , Gupta Chandni 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The variable positions of the appendix can mislead surgeons and physicians to a wrong diagnosis. When appendicitis happens in subhepatic caecum, it can be misdiagnosed and can lead to severe complications during surgical procedures. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the histomorphometric development of the appendix and caecum and to identify when lymphoid follicles appear in the appendix during fetal life.

Methods
The study was conducted on a total of 50 fetuses. The caecum and appendix were carefully dissected. Their position and various measurements were observed. Afterwards, the appendix was taken out for histological processing. All three layers, mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis externa were measured using Image Analyzer Software Image Pro Premiere 9.1, and the appearance of lymphoid follicles was also examined. Results were analyzed using SPSS statistical software.

Results
During the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimesters the most common caecum type was type 1: as a lengthy tube, type 3: The lateral wall expanded more, thus it has an asymmetric saccule, and type 4: adult-like caecum. The caecum was mostly situated in the right lumbar region in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. In the 1st trimester, it was subhepatic in position. The most common position of the appendix was 11 o’clock in 1st and 3rd trimesters. 2nd trimester’s most common position of the appendix was 12 o’clock. The thickness of the mucosa, submucosa, and the muscularis externa increases as the trimester increases. The lymphoid follicles have appeared during the 2nd trimester.

Conclusion
The knowledge from this study will be useful in the diagnosis and treatment of malformations, pathology, and anomalies of the caecum and appendix due to congenital causes.
Revisiting the Chadwick and Lu & Pister models of finite thermoelasticity for isotropic materials
Authors: Govindjee Sanjay , Carlson Timothy 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis note reviews and presents the two dominant models of thermoelasticity developed by (1) Peter Chadwick and (2) S.C.H Lu and Karl S. Pister. Both models are widely used and cited in the literature but their differences are not well delineated in a clear and accessible way. Here we briefly review the two models using a unified notation and discuss and compare their basic properties and behavior. We show that all Lu and Pister models can be written as a Chadwick model. However a Chadwick model does not fully specify a Lu and Pister model. Additional (mild) assumptions must be made to convert a Chadwick model into a Lu and Pister model. A model due to L. Anand is also presented to show its conformity to both frameworks and to highlight its usefulness.
Renal sympathetic denervation 2024 in Austria: recommendations from the Austrian Society of Hypertension
Authors: Zweiker David , Koppelstätter Christian , Hohenstein Katharina , Lang Irene , Perl Sabine , Bugger Heiko , Brandt Mathias-Christoph , Horn Sabine , Binder Ronald K. , Watschinger Bruno , Frick Matthias , Niessner Alexander , Weber Thomas 
Published: September 2024

SummaryRenal sympathetic denervation (RDN) is an interventional supplement to medical treatment in patients with arterial hypertension. While the first sham-controlled trial, SYMPLICITY HTN‑3 was neutral, with improved procedural details, patient selection and follow-up, recent randomized sham-controlled trials of second-generation devices show a consistent blood pressure lowering effect of RDN, as compared to sham controls. These new data and the recent U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) premarket approval of two RDN devices are the basis for the present recommendations update.This joint position paper from the Austrian Society of Hypertension, together with the Austrian Society of Nephrology and the Working Group of Interventional Cardiology from the Austrian Society of Cardiology includes an overview about the available evidence on RDN and gives specific recommendations for the work-up, patient selection, pretreatment, procedural management and follow-up in patients undergoing RDN in Austria. Specifically, RDN may be used in clinical routine care, together with lifestyle measures and antihypertensive drugs, in patients with resistant hypertension (i.e. uncontrolled blood pressure on 3 antihypertensive drugs) and in those with uncontrolled hypertension, after adequate work-up, if institutional, patient-related and procedural conditions are fulfilled.
A new high-resolution Coastal Ice-Ocean Prediction System for the East Coast of Canada
Authors: Paquin Jean-Philippe , Roy François , Smith Gregory C. , MacDermid Sarah , Lei Ji , Dupont Frédéric , Lu Youyu , Taylor Stephanne , St-Onge-Drouin Simon , Blanken Hauke , Dunphy Michael , Soontiens Nancy 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Coastal Ice Ocean Prediction System for the East Coast of Canada (CIOPS-E) was developed and implemented operationally at Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) to support a variety of critical marine applications. These include support for ice services, search and rescue, environmental emergency response and maritime safety. CIOPS-E uses a 1/36° horizontal grid (~ 2 km) to simulate sea ice and ocean conditions over the northwest Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of St. Lawrence (GSL). Forcing at lateral open boundaries is taken from ECCC’s data assimilative Regional Ice-Ocean Prediction System (RIOPS). A spectral nudging method is applied offshore to keep mesoscale features consistent with RIOPS. Over the continental shelf and GSL, the CIOPS-E solution is free to evolve according to the model dynamics. Overall, CIOPS-E significantly improves the representation of tidal and sub-tidal water levels compared to ECCC’s lower resolution systems: RIOPS (~ 6 km) and the Regional Marine Prediction System – GSL (RMPS-GSL, 5 km). Improvements in the GSL are due to the higher resolution and a better representation of bathymetry, boundary forcing and dynamics in the upper St. Lawrence Estuary. Sea surface temperatures show persistent summertime cold bias, larger in CIOPS-E than in RIOPS, as the latter is constrained by observations. The seasonal cycle of sea ice extent and volume, unconstrained in CIOPS-E, compares well with observational estimates, RIOPS and RMPS-GSL. A greater number of fine-scale features are found in CIOPS-E with narrow leads and more intense ice convergence zones, compared to both RIOPS and RMPS-GSL.
A generalized ASIP with arrivals to all sites and particle movements in all directions
Authors: Yeger Yaron , Yechiali Uri 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA generalized n-site Asymmetric Simple Inclusion Process (ASIP) network is studied, where gate-opening instants are determined by a renewal process and arrivals occur to all sites. Various types of batch particle movements between sites are analyzed: (i) unidirectional probabilistic forward movements; (ii) probabilistic forward movements combined with feedback to the first site; and (iii) general probabilistic multidirectional movements. In contrast to the tedious successive substitution method used in previous ASIP studies, an efficient matrix approach is applied to derive the multidimensional probability generating function (PGF) of site occupancies right after gate opening instants. The complexity of the ASIP processes allows us to obtain explicit PGF results for small-size networks only, while for larger networks, a formula to calculate the mean site occupancies is derived for all types of movements. In movement case (i) the means are directly and explicitly calculated. For movement case (ii), where the network is homogeneous with equal probabilities of forward movements from site i to downstream sites $$j \ge i$$

j
≥
i

, we show that the ratio between the mean occupancies of consecutive sites approaches a constant when the network becomes large, and calculate this ratio. Finally, we investigate an n-site network where at gate opening instants all gates open simultaneously, and particles move in all directions. Numerical examples are presented.
Vaccination strategies for different contact patterns: weighing epidemiological against economic outcomes
Authors: Forslid Rikard , Herzing Mathias 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to shed light on the economic and epidemiological trade-offs that emerge when choosing between different vaccination strategies. For that purpose we employ a setting with three age groups that differ with respect to their fatality rates. The model also accounts for heterogeneity in the transmission rates between and within these age groups. We compare the results for two different contact patterns, in terms of the total number of deceased, the total number of infected, the peak infection rate and the economic gains from different vaccination strategies. We find that fatalities are minimized by first vaccinating the elderly, except when vaccination is slow and the general transmission rate is relatively low. In this case deaths are minimized by first vaccinating the group that is mainly responsible for spreading of the virus. With regard to the other outcome variables it is best to vaccinate the group that drives the pandemic first. A trade-off may therefore emerge between reducing fatalities on the one hand and lowering the number of infected as well as maximizing the economic gains from vaccinations on the other hand.
Nirdizati: an advanced predictive process monitoring toolkit
Authors: Rizzi Williams , Di Francescomarino Chiara , Ghidini Chiara , Maggi Fabrizio Maria 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPredictive Process Monitoring (PPM) is a field of Process Mining that aims at predicting how an ongoing execution of a business process will develop in the future using past process executions recorded in event logs. The recent stream of publications in this field shows the need for tools able to support researchers and users in comparing and selecting the techniques that are the most suitable for them. In this paper, we present , a dedicated tool for supporting users in building, comparing and explaining the PPM models that can then be used to perform predictions on the future of an ongoing case. has been constructed by carefully considering the necessary capabilities of a PPM tool and by implementing them in a client-server architecture able to support modularity and scalability. The features of support researchers and practitioners within the entire pipeline for constructing reliable PPM models. The assessment using reactive design patterns and load tests provides an evaluation of the interaction among the architectural elements, and of the scalability with multiple users accessing the prototype in a concurrent manner, respectively. By providing a rich set of different state-of-the-art approaches, offers to Process Mining researchers and practitioners a useful and flexible instrument for comparing and selecting PPM techniques.
Computation of 2D Continuous Geometric Moments Through Inclusion–Exclusion
Authors: Magillo Paola , Čomić Lidija 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe propose a method for computing continuous (exact) geometric moments on 2D binary images, based on a decomposition into overlapping rectangles and on the inclusion–exclusion principle. The approach assumes that the input is given as a chain code describing the contour of the represented object (black pixels) and reduces the number of pixels where calculations are to be performed, especially when the contours have long axis-parallel sides.
Pt Effect on the Bond-Coating/Superalloy Interdiffusion: Case of a Pt-Modified NiCoCrAlYTa Coating
Authors: Vande Put Aurélie , Epifano Enrica , Crabos Fabrice , Monceau Daniel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHeat treatments and oxidation tests were performed on systems composed of a single-crystal AM3 superalloy with a NiCoCrAlYTa+Pt coating to investigate the effect of Pt on Ta and Ti diffusion at high temperature. Experimental results were compared to an AM3 superalloy directly coated with Pt. For all the studied systems, the effect of Pt on elemental activities was evaluated through thermodynamic calculations. Pt diffusion was found to be faster in the NiCoCrAlYTa coating than in AM3. High Ta contents were measured in the Pt-rich γ′ phase below the surface and significant Al and Cr transport toward the surface was observed, in agreement with thermodynamic calculations which predicted an important decrease in their activities in the presence of Pt. An outward diffusion of Ti was also noticed, whereas calculations did not show a decrease in Ti activity due to Pt. Other discrepancies between experiments and thermodynamic calculations were noted and are discussed in this work.
Sabotage-proof social ranking solutions
Authors: Suzuki Takahiro , Horita Masahide 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Robustness against strategic manipulation is a crucial topic in social choice theory. Under some social ranking solutions (SRSs), namely mappings that yield candidates’ ranking from their coalitions’ ranking, candidates can sometimes improve their own social ranking by strategically degrading the coalitions to which they belong (e.g., sabotaging the coalitions to which the candidates and their competitors both belong could damage their competitors’ social rankings). This study investigates SRSs that can prevent such sabotage and promote sincere cooperation between candidates. To this end, we introduce two axioms of SRSs by modifying the non-manipulability (NM) in the literature. An SRS is sabotage-proof (SP) if no candidate can improve their social ranking against anyone else through sabotage, and it is strongly sabotage-proof (SSP) if it is SP and is endowed with a sanction system against specific sabotage. We first demonstrate that the ceteris paribus majority (when there are at least four candidates) and lexicographic excellence solutions are SP but not SSP. We then propose a new characterization of dual lexicographic excellence solution as the unique linear SRS satisfying SSP and coalitional anonymity. Our axiomatic study provides a theoretical ground that lexicographic evaluation of coalitional performances is highly robust against strategic sabotage.
Recent developments in the field of radiotherapy for the management of lung cancer
Authors: Shirai Katsuyuki , Aoki Shuri , Endo Masashi , Takahashi Yuta , Fukuda Yukiko , Akahane Keiko , Musha Atsushi , Sato Harutoshi , Wakatsuki Masaru , Ishikawa Hitoshi , Sasaki Ryohei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Lung cancer has a poor prognosis, and further improvements in outcomes are needed. Radiotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of unresectable lung cancer, and there have been recent developments in the field of radiotherapy for the management of lung cancer. However, to date, there have been few reviews on the improvement in treatment outcomes associated with high precision radiotherapy for lung cancer. Thus, this review aimed to summarize the recent developments in radiotherapy techniques and indicate the future directions in the use of radiotherapy for lung cancer. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for unresectable stage I lung cancer has been reported to improve local control rates without severe adverse events, such as radiation pneumonitis. For locally advanced lung cancer, a combination of chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors dramatically improves treatment outcomes, and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) enables safer radiation therapy with less frequent pneumonitis. Particle beam therapy, such as carbon-ion radiotherapy and proton beam therapy, has been administered as advanced medical care for patients with lung cancer. Since 2024, it has been covered under insurance for early stage lung cancer with tumors ≤ 5 cm in size in Japan. In addition to chemotherapy, local ablative radiotherapy improves treatment outcomes in patients with oligometastatic stage IV lung cancer. A particular problem with radiotherapy for lung cancer is that the target location changes with respiratory motion, and various physical methods have been used to control respiratory motion. Recently, coronavirus disease has had a major impact on lung cancer treatment, and cancer treatment during situations, such as the coronavirus pandemic, must be performed carefully. To improve treatment outcomes for lung cancer, it is necessary to fully utilize evolving radiotherapy modalities, and the role of radiotherapy in lung cancer treatment is expected to increase.