bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effect and Antioxidant Activity of the Extracts of Eighteen Plant Traditionally Used in Algeria for Diabetes
Authors: Khacheba Ihcen , Boussoussa Hadjer , Djeridane Amar , Bekhaoua Abir , Bensayah Noussiba , Yousfi Mohamed 
Published: August 2016

Background:
This paper focuses on one of the most recurrent hypotheses
for the antidiabetic effect of medicinal plants by inhibiting the alpha -glucosidase

Objective:
In the present study aqueous and hydro -alcoholic extracts of eighteen
medicinal plants, collected in the town of Laghouat in the steppe region of Algeria,
and which are used in the treatment of diabetes, were examined for α-glucosidase
inhibition using an in vitro model. Also total phenol content and antioxidant activity
of the extracts was investigated.

Methods:
The extracts were prepared using distilled water and hydro -alcoholic solvent
(methanol/water). The amount of total phenolics and flavonoids in the samples
was determined with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and with aluminum chloride respectively. To identify
plants with inhibitory capacities, we have studied the effects of ours extracts on the kinetics catalyzed of
α-glucosidase an enzymes belonging to the class of hydrolase responsible for the digestion and we have
subjected our extracts to inhibition assay to determine the inhibition percentage for each extract. Finally,
we assessed the potential antioxydant of the best inhibitory plants with the DPPH test.

Results:
The major plants were found to inhibit enzymatic activity of α-glucosidase and the values of
the IC50 constants have been determined for the best inhibitory plants common in both extraction methods
(Cistus SP, Salvia officinalis and Zygophylum album), with values ranged from 0.38 to 28.95
mg/ml. The evaluation of antioxidant activity of this plants using DPPH test, shows that the phenolic
extract of Salvia officinalis exhibit good antioxidant capacity (8.46 μg/ml) comparatively to the antioxidants
taken as reference (BHA, Gallic acid, Rutin, Trolox and Vitamin C).

Conclusion:
This study is the first report on potential inhibition of these plants extracts on the digestive
enzyme, α-glucosidase. The obtained results support the traditionally use of a number of the analyzed
species in the in the management of diabetes.
Optimization of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate production by halotolerant bacterial strains isolated from saline environment
Authors: Fathima Nabila , Krishnaswamy* Veena Gayathri 
Published: July 2016

PHB is a biodegradable plastic which is becoming an environmentally friendly substitute to the synthetic plastics that are persistent and accumulate in large amounts and are non-degradable. PHB is a class of Polyhydroxyalkanoate which are similar to commercial plastics like polypropylene but with an added advantage of being biodegradable. To overcome the problem of commercializing PHB production by microorganisms because of the high cost involved, Halotolerant organisms can be used as they are easier to cultivate and do not require strict sterile conditions. In this present study PHB producing halotolerant bacterial strains were isolated from a marine environment and cultivated under saline conditions. The growth conditions of the bacterial strains were optimized for maximum production of PHB. The parameters such as pH, temperature, NaCl concentration, carbon sources, nitrogen sources and carbon and nitrogen ratio were optimized and studied. The growth conditions for each of the parameter were optimized and the PHB production was estimated for the bacterial strains under saline conditions. The optimum pH and temperature range yielded maximum PHB production of about 42 – 45 mg/100ml and 30 – 40 mg/100ml respectively. The perspective application of PHB could be in the medicinal field for manufacturing medical devices as implants for various surgeries such as dental, cranio – maxillofacial and dental surgeries.
Productivity and Level of Weed Infestation of Legume Meadow Grasses Depending On Grass Species and Fertilization
Authors: Churkova Boryana , Bozhanska* Tatyana 
Published: July 2016

The experiment was conducted in the period of 2013-2015 in the experimental field of RIMSA-Troyan. The influence of bio-fertilizers, such as boron humate and molybdenum humate at doses of 1600 ml/ha, was studied. They were applied in the beginning of bud-formation period on legumes, such as bird's-foot-trefoil, sainfoin, and red clover. The highest positive effect of studied bio-fertilizers over productivity was found in the treatment of grassland of sainfoin. Its yield increased, after the application of boron humate, in comparison with the control by 8.3%, and molybdenum humate increased the productivity of red clover by 4.0%. Both bio-fertilizers showed a negative effect in relation to dry matter yield of bird's-foot trefoil. Foliar treatment with boron and molybdenum humate of bird's-foot-trefoil, red clover and sainfoin decreased the level of weed infestation of crops and had an influence over the biological characteristics of grass species and meteorological conditions. As a result of the influence of bio-fertilizers, the stem height of sainfoin and red clover increased, which had a favorable influence over productivity of their grasslands.
Home-Based Psychiatric Outpatient Care Through Videoconferencing for Depression: A Randomized Controlled Follow-Up Trial
Authors: Hungerbuehler Ines , Valiengo Leandro , Loch Alexandre A , Rössler Wulf , Gattaz Wagner F 
Published: August 2016

Background
There is a tremendous opportunity for innovative mental health care solutions such as psychiatric care through videoconferencing to increase the number of people who have access to quality care. However, studies are needed to generate empirical evidence on the use of psychiatric outpatient care via videoconferencing, particularly in low- and middle-income countries and clinically unsupervised settings.

Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of home-based treatment for mild depression through psychiatric consultations via videoconferencing.

Methods
A randomized controlled trial with a 6- and 12-month follow-up including adults with mild depression treated in an ambulatory setting was conducted. In total, 107 participants were randomly allocated to the videoconferencing intervention group (n=53) or the face-to-face group (F2F; n=54). The groups did not differ with respect to demographic characteristics at baseline. The F2F group completed monthly follow-up consultations in person. The videoconferencing group received monthly follow-up consultations with a psychiatrist through videoconferencing at home. At baseline and after 6 and 12 months, in-person assessments were conducted with all participants. Clinical outcomes (severity of depression, mental health status, medication course, and relapses), satisfaction with treatment, therapeutic relationship, treatment adherence (appointment compliance and dropouts), and medication adherence were assessed.

Results
The severity of depression decreased significantly over the 12-month follow-up in both the groups. There was a significant difference between groups regarding treatment outcomes throughout the follow-up period, with better results in the videoconferencing group. There were 4 relapses in the F2F group and only 1 in the videoconferencing group. No significant differences between groups regarding mental health status, satisfaction with treatment, therapeutic relationship, treatment adherence, or medication compliance were found. However, after 6 months, the rate of dropouts was significantly higher in the F2F group (18.5% vs 5.7% in the videoconferencing group, P<.05).

Conclusions
Psychiatric treatment through videoconferencing in clinically unsupervised settings can be considered feasible and as effective as standard care (in-person treatment) for depressed outpatients with respect to clinical outcomes, patient satisfaction, therapeutic relationship, treatment adherence, and medication compliance. These results indicate the potential of telepsychiatry to extend access to psychiatric care to remote and underserved populations.

ClinicalTrial
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01901315; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01901315 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6jBTrIVwg)
EXAMINING TATOOINE: ATMOSPHERIC MODELS OF NEPTUNE-LIKE CIRCUMBINARY PLANETS
Authors: May E. M. , Rauscher E. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Circumbinary planets experience a time-varying irradiation pattern as they orbit their two host stars. In this work, we present the first detailed study of the atmospheric effects of this irradiation pattern on known and hypothetical gaseous circumbinary planets. Using both a one-dimensional energy balance model (EBM) and a three-dimensional general circulation model (GCM), we look at the temperature differences between circumbinary planets and their equivalent single-star cases in order to determine the nature of the atmospheres of these planets. We find that for circumbinary planets on stable orbits around their host stars, temperature differences are on average no more than 1.0% in the most extreme cases. Based on detailed modeling with the GCM, we find that these temperature differences are not large enough to excite circulation differences between the two cases. We conclude that gaseous circumbinary planets can be treated as their equivalent single-star case in future atmospheric modeling efforts.
TRANSIENT GALACTIC COSMIC-RAY MODULATION DURING SOLAR CYCLE 24: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO PROMINENT FORBUSH DECREASE EVENTS
Authors: Zhao L.-L. , Zhang H. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Forbush decrease (FD) events are of great interest for transient galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) modulation study. In this study, we perform comparative analysis of two prominent Forbush events during cycle 24, occurring on 2012 March 8 (Event 1) and 2015 June 22 (Event 2), utilizing the measurements from the worldwide neutron monitor (NM) network. Despite their comparable magnitudes, the two Forbush events are distinctly different in terms of evolving GCR energy spectrum and energy dependence of the recovery time. The recovery time of Event 1 is strongly dependent on the median energy, compared to the nearly constant recovery time of Event 2 over the studied energy range. Additionally, while the evolutions of the energy spectra during the two FD events exhibit similar variation patterns, the spectrum of Event 2 is significantly harder, especially at the time of deepest depression. These difference are essentially related to their associated solar wind disturbances. Event 1 is associated with a complicated shock-associated interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) disturbance with large radial extent, probably formed by the merging of multiple shocks and transient flows, and which delivered a glancing blow to Earth. Conversely, Event 2 is accompanied by a relatively simple halo ICME with small radial extent that hit Earth more head-on.
ABSOLUTE INTEGRAL CROSS SECTIONS FOR THE STATE-SELECTED ION–MOLECULE REACTION
; v+ = 0–2) + C2H2 IN THE COLLISION ENERGY RANGE OF 0.03–10.00 eV
Authors: Xu Yuntao , Xiong Bo , Chang Yih Chung , Ng C. Y. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Using the vacuum ultraviolet laser pulsed field ionization-photoion source, together with the double-quadrupole–double-octopole mass spectrometer developed in our laboratory, we have investigated the state-selected ion–molecule reaction

; v
+ = 0–2, N+ = 0–9) + C2H2, achieving high internal-state selectivity and high kinetic energy resolution for reactant

ions. The charge transfer (CT) and hydrogen-atom transfer (HT) channels, which lead to the respective formation of product

and N2H+ ions, are observed. The vibrationally selected absolute integral cross sections for the CT [σ
CT(v
+)] and HT [[σ
HT(v
+)] channels obtained in the center-of-mass collision energy (E
cm) range of 0.03–10.00 eV reveal opposite E
cm dependences. The σ
CT(v
+) is found to increase as E
cm is decreased, and is consistent with the long-range exothermic CT mechanism, whereas the E
cm enhancement observed for the σ
HT(v
+) suggests effective coupling of kinetic energy to internal energy, enhancing the formation of N2H+. The σ
HT(v
+) curve exhibits a step at E
cm = 0.70–1.00 eV, suggesting the involvement of the excited

state in the HT reaction. Contrary to the strong E
cm dependences for σ
CT(v
+) and σ
HT(v
+), the effect of vibrational excitation of

on both the CT and HT channels is marginal. The branching ratios and cross sections for the CT and HT channels determined in the present study are useful for modeling the atmospheric compositions of Saturn's largest moon, Titan. These cross sections and branching ratios are also valuable for benchmarking theoretical calculations on chemical dynamics of the titled reaction.
HST HOT-JUPITER TRANSMISSION SPECTRAL SURVEY: CLEAR SKIES FOR COOL SATURN WASP-39b
Authors: Fischer Patrick D. , Knutson Heather A. , Sing David K. , Henry Gregory W. , Williamson Michael W. , Fortney Jonathan J. , Burrows Adam S. , Kataria Tiffany , Nikolov Nikolay , Showman Adam P. , Ballester Gilda E. , Désert Jean-Michel , Aigrain Suzanne , Deming Drake , Etangs Alain Lecavelier des , Vidal-Madjar Alfred 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We present the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) optical transmission spectroscopy of the cool Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b from 0.29-1.025 μm, along with complementary transit observations from Spitzer IRAC at 3.6 and 4.5 μm. The low density and large atmospheric pressure scale height of WASP-39b make it particularly amenable to atmospheric characterization using this technique. We detect a Rayleigh scattering slope as well as sodium and potassium absorption features; this is the first exoplanet in which both alkali features are clearly detected with the extended wings predicted by cloud-free atmosphere models. The full transmission spectrum is well matched by a clear H2-dominated atmosphere, or one containing a weak contribution from haze, in good agreement with the preliminary reduction of these data presented in Sing et al. WASP-39b is predicted to have a pressure-temperature profile comparable to that of HD 189733b and WASP-6b, making it one of the coolest transiting gas giants observed in our HST STIS survey. Despite this similarity, WASP-39b appears to be largely cloud-free, while the transmission spectra of HD 189733b and WASP-6b both indicate the presence of high altitude clouds or hazes. These observations further emphasize the surprising diversity of cloudy and cloud-free gas giant planets in short-period orbits and the corresponding challenges associated with developing predictive cloud models for these atmospheres.
CSO AND CARMA OBSERVATIONS OF L1157. II. CHEMICAL COMPLEXITY IN THE SHOCKED OUTFLOW
Authors: Burkhardt Andrew M. , Dollhopf Niklaus M. , Corby Joanna F. , Carroll P. Brandon , Shingledecker Christopher N. , Loomis Ryan A. , Booth Shawn Thomas , Blake Geoffrey A. , Herbst Eric , Remijan Anthony J. , McGuire Brett A. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
L1157, a molecular dark cloud with an embedded Class 0 protostar possessing a bipolar outflow, is an excellent source for studying shock chemistry, including grain-surface chemistry prior to shocks, and post-shock, gas-phase processing. The L1157-B1 and B2 positions experienced shocks at an estimated ∼2000 and 4000 years ago, respectively. Prior to these shock events, temperatures were too low for most complex organic molecules to undergo thermal desorption. Thus, the shocks should have liberated these molecules from the ice grain-surfaces en masse, evidenced by prior observations of SiO and multiple grain mantle species commonly associated with shocks. Grain species, such as OCS, CH3OH, and HNCO, all peak at different positions relative to species that are preferably formed in higher-velocity shocks or repeatedly shocked material, such as SiO and HCN. Here, we present high spatial resolution (∼3″) maps of CH3OH, HNCO, HCN, and HCO+ in the southern portion of the outflow containing B1 and B2, as observed with Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-Wave Astronomy. The HNCO maps are the first interferometric observations of this species in L1157. The maps show distinct differences in the chemistry within the various shocked regions in L1157B. This is further supported through constraints of the molecular abundances using the non-LTE code radex. We find that the east/west chemical differentiation in C2 may be explained by the contrast of the shock’s interaction with either cold, pristine material or warm, previously shocked gas, as seen in enhanced HCN abundances. In addition, the enhancement of the HNCO abundance toward the the older shock, B2, suggests the importance of high-temperature O-chemistry in shocked regions.
HIGH-PRECISION RADIO AND INFRARED ASTROMETRY OF LSPM J1314+1320AB. I. PARALLAX, PROPER MOTIONS, AND LIMITS ON PLANETS
Authors: Forbrich Jan , Dupuy Trent J. , Reid Mark J. , Berger Edo , Rizzuto Aaron , Mann Andrew W. , Liu Michael C. , Aller Kimberly , Kraus Adam L. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We present multi-epoch astrometric radio observations with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) of the young ultracool-dwarf binary LSPM J1314+1320AB. The radio emission comes from the secondary star. Combining the VLBA data with Keck near-infrared adaptive-optics observations of both components, a full astrometric fit of parallax (π
abs = 57.975 ± 0.045 mas, corresponding to a distance of d = 17.249 ± 0.013 pc), proper motion (μ

αcos δ
= −247.99 ± 0.10 mas yr−1, μ

δ
= −183.58 ± 0.22 mas yr−1), and orbital motion is obtained. Despite the fact that the two components have nearly identical masses to within ±2%, the secondary’s radio emission exceeds that of the primary by a factor of ≳30, suggesting a difference in stellar rotation history, which could result in different magnetic field configurations. Alternatively, the emission could be anisotropic and beamed toward us for the secondary but not for the primary. Using only reflex motion, we exclude planets of mass 0.7–10 M
jup with orbital periods of 600–10 days, respectively. Additionally, we use the full orbital solution of the binary to derive an upper limit for the semimajor axis of 0.23 au for stable planetary orbits within this system. These limits cover a parameter space that is inaccessible with, and complementary to, near-infrared radial velocity surveys of ultracool dwarfs. Our absolute astrometry will constitute an important test for the astrometric calibration of Gaia.
IMPLICATIONS OF THE COROTATION THEOREM ON THE MRI IN AXIAL SYMMETRY
Authors: Montani G. , Cianfrani F. , Pugliese D. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We analyze the linear stability of an axially symmetric ideal plasma disk, embedded in a magnetic field and endowed with a differential rotation. This study is performed by adopting the magnetic flux function as the fundamental dynamical variable, in order to outline the role played by the corotation theorem on the linear mode structure. Using some specific assumptions (e.g., plasma incompressibility and propagation of the perturbations along the background magnetic field), we select the Alfvénic nature of the magnetorotational instability, and, in the geometric optics limit, we determine the dispersion relation describing the linear spectrum. We show how the implementation of the corotation theorem (valid for the background configuration) on the linear dynamics produces the cancellation of the vertical derivative of the disk angular velocity (we check such a feature also in the standard vector formalism to facilitate comparison with previous literature, in both the axisymmetric and three-dimensional cases). As a result, we clarify that the unstable modes have, for a stratified disk, the same morphology, proper of a thin-disk profile, and the z-dependence has a simple parametric role.
A MACHINE-LEARNING APPROACH TO MEASURING THE ESCAPE OF IONIZING RADIATION FROM GALAXIES IN THE REIONIZATION EPOCH
Authors: Jensen Hannes , Zackrisson Erik , Pelckmans Kristiaan , Binggeli Christian , Ausmees Kristiina , Lundholm Ulrika 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Recent observations of galaxies at

, along with the low value of the electron scattering optical depth measured by the Planck mission, make galaxies plausible as dominant sources of ionizing photons during the epoch of reionization. However, scenarios of galaxy-driven reionization hinge on the assumption that the average escape fraction of ionizing photons is significantly higher for galaxies in the reionization epoch than in the local universe. The NIRSpec instrument on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will enable spectroscopic observations of large samples of reionization-epoch galaxies. While the leakage of ionizing photons will not be directly measurable from these spectra, the leakage is predicted to have an indirect effect on the spectral slope and the strength of nebular emission lines in the rest-frame ultraviolet and optical. Here, we apply a machine learning technique known as lasso regression on mock JWST/NIRSpec observations of simulated z = 7 galaxies in order to obtain a model that can predict the escape fraction from JWST/NIRSpec data. Barring systematic biases in the simulated spectra, our method is able to retrieve the escape fraction with a mean absolute error of

for spectra with signal-to-noise ratio ≈ 5 at a rest-frame wavelength of 1500 Å for our fiducial simulation. This prediction accuracy represents a significant improvement over previous similar approaches.
Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction: Comparison of Two Different Treatment Algorithms
Authors: Napier Maria L. , Armstrong David J. , McLoone Sean F. , McLoone Eibhlin M. 
Published: August 2016

Purpose:
To clarify the most appropriate treatment regimen for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO).

Methods:
A retrospective observational analysis was performed of patients undergoing probing with or without intubation to treat CNLDO in a single institution (Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast) from 2006 to 2011.

Results:

Based on exclusion criteria, 246 eyes of 177 patients (aged 0 to 9.8 years with a mean age of 2.1 years) were included in this study: 187 (76%) eyes had successful outcome at first intervention with primary probing, whereas 56 (23%) eyes underwent secondary intervention. There were no significant differences by gender, age, or obstruction complexity between the successful and unsuccessful patients with first intervention. For those patients requiring secondary intervention, 16 of 24 (67%) eyes had successful probing, whereas 22 of 24 (92%) had successful intubation. Patients with intubation as a secondary procedure were significantly more likely to have a successful outcome (
P
= .037). Statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher's exact test and Barnard's exact test.

Conclusions:
Primary probing for CNLDO has a high success rate that is not adversely affected by increasing age. This study also indicates that if initial probing is unsuccessful, nasolacrimal intubation rather than repeat probing yields a significantly higher success rate.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2016;53(5):285–291.]