bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A high accuracy surface modeling method based on GPU accelerated multi‐grid method
Authors: Yan Changqing , Liu Jimin , Zhao Gang , Chen Chuanfa , Yue Tianxiang 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA high accuracy surface modeling method (HASM) has been developed to provide a solution to many surface modeling problems such as DEM construction, surface estimation and spatial prediction. Although HASM is able to model surfaces with a higher accuracy, its low computing speed limits its popularity in constructing large scale surfaces. Hence, the research described in this article aims to improve the computing efficiency of HASM with a graphic processor unit (GPU) accelerated multi‐grid method (HASM‐GMG). HASM‐GMG was tested with two types of surfaces: a Gauss synthetic surface and a real‐world example. Results indicate that HASM‐GMG can gain significant speedups compared with CPU‐based HASM without acceleration on GPU. Moreover, both the accuracy and speed of HASM‐GMG are superior to the classical interpolation methods including Kriging, Spline and IDW.
Highly localized and persistent induction of Bx1‐dependent herbivore resistance factors in maize
Authors: Maag Daniel , Köhler Angela , Robert Christelle A.M. , Frey Monika , Wolfender Jean‐Luc , Turlings Ted C.J. , Glauser Gaétan , Erb Matthias 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThe induced production of secondary metabolites in herbivore‐attacked plants varies in space and time. However, the consequences of these spatiotemporal patterns for herbivore performance are not well understood. This is particularly true for 1,4‐benzoxazin‐3‐ones (BXs), the major induced defensive metabolites of maize. Here we report on the spatiotemporal dynamics of BX induction and its consequences for the leaf feeder Spodoptera littoralis. Defence‐related phytohormones and transcript levels of BX biosynthetic genes were upregulated locally at the wound site within 12 h of herbivory. Within another 12 h, the insecticidal BX HDMBOA‐Glc started to accumulate in a highly localized manner at the feeding site. Changes in BX metabolism away from the feeding site within the same leaf were much weaker and were undetected in systemic leaves. Following the removal of the caterpillars, local HDMBOA‐Glc levels remained elevated for 7 days. Caterpillars that were forced to feed directly on locally induced leaf parts, but not on adjacent leaf parts, suffered from reduced growth. This effect was abolished in the BX‐deficient bx1 mutant. We did not find any evidence that BXs regulate defensive phytohormones or their own accumulation. In summary, this study shows that induced herbivore resistance in maize is highly localized and dependent on BXs.
In Vitro
Activity of Isavuconazole against Rasamsonia Species
Authors: Steinmann J. , Dittmer S. , Houbraken J. , Buer J. , Rath P.-M. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

The
in vitro
susceptibilities to the novel triazole isavuconazole and six other antifungal agents of a large collection of
Rasamsonia
isolates (
n
= 47) belonging to seven species were determined. Isavuconazole and voriconazole had no
in vitro
activity (MIC, >32 mg/liter) against isolates of the
Rasamsonia
argillacea
species complex. The echinocandins were the most potent antifungal drugs against all of the isolates tested (minimum effective concentration, ≤0.19 mg/liter).
Characterization of DprE1-Mediated Benzothiazinone Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Foo Caroline Shi-Yan , Lechartier Benoit , Kolly Gaëlle S. , Boy-Röttger Stefanie , Neres João , Rybniker Jan , Lupien Andréanne , Sala Claudia , Piton Jérémie , Cole Stewart T. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Benzothiazinones (BTZs) are a class of compounds found to be extremely potent against both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
strains. The potency of BTZs is explained by their specificity for their target decaprenylphosphoryl-
d
-ribose oxidase (DprE1), in particular by covalent binding of the activated form of the compound to the critical cysteine 387 residue of the enzyme. To probe the role of C387, we used promiscuous site-directed mutagenesis to introduce other codons at this position into
dprE1
of
M. tuberculosis
. The resultant viable BTZ-resistant mutants were characterized
in vitro
,
ex vivo
, and biochemically to gain insight into the effects of these mutations on DprE1 function and on
M. tuberculosis
. Five different mutations (C387G, C387A, C387S, C387N, and C387T) conferred various levels of resistance to BTZ and exhibited different phenotypes. The C387G and C387N mutations resulted in a lower growth rate of the mycobacterium on solid medium, which could be attributed to the significant decrease in the catalytic efficiency of the DprE1 enzyme. All five mutations rendered the mycobacterium less cytotoxic to macrophages. Finally, differences in the potencies of covalent and noncovalent DprE1 inhibitors in the presence of C387 mutations were revealed by enzymatic assays. As expected from the mechanism of action, the covalent inhibitor PBTZ169 only partially inhibited the mutant DprE1 enzymes compared to the near-complete inhibition with a noncovalent DprE1 inhibitor, Ty38c. This study emphasizes the importance of the C387 residue for DprE1 activity and for the killing action of covalent inhibitors such as BTZs and other recently identified nitroaromatic inhibitors.
Genomic Sequencing of
Orientia tsutsugamushi
Strain Karp, an Assembly Comparable to the Genome Size of the Strain Ikeda
Authors: Liao Hsiao-Mei , Chao Chien-Chung , Lei Haiyan , Li Bingjie , Tsai Shien , Hung Guo-Chiuan , Ching Wei-Mei , Lo Shyh-Ching 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Orientia tsutsugamushi
, an intracellular bacterium, belongs to the family
Rickettsiaceae
. This study presents the draft genome sequence of strain Karp, with 2.0 Mb as the size of the completed genome. This nearly finished draft genome sequence was annotated with the RAST server and the contents compared to those of the other strains.
Genomic Sequence of a Ranavirus Isolated from Short-Finned Eel (
Anguilla australis
)
Authors: Subramaniam Kuttichantran , Toffan Anna , Cappellozza Elisabetta , Steckler Natalie K. , Olesen Niels J. , Ariel Ellen , Waltzek Thomas B. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

The short-finned eel ranavirus (SERV) was isolated from short-finned eel imported to Italy from New Zealand. Phylogenomic analyses revealed that SERV is a unique member of the genus
Ranavirus
, family
Iridoviridae
, branching at the base of the tree near other fish ranaviruses.
Genome Sequence ofSpizellomyces punctatus
Authors: Russ Carsten , Lang B. Franz , Chen Zehua , Gujja Sharvari , Shea Terrance , Zeng Qiandong , Young Sarah , Cuomo Christina A. , Nusbaum Chad 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTSpizellomyces punctatusis a basally branching chytrid fungus that is found in theChytridiomycotaphylum.Spizellomycesspecies are common in soil and of importance in terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we report the genome sequence ofS. punctatus, which will facilitate the study of this group of early diverging fungi.
Draft Genome Sequences of Four Virulent
Aeromonas hydrophila
Strains from Catfish Aquaculture
Authors: Tekedar Hasan C. , Kumru Salih , Karsi Attila , Waldbieser Geoffrey C. , Sonstegard Tad , Schroeder Steven G. , Liles Mark R. , Griffin Matt J. , Lawrence Mark L. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Since 2009, a clonal group of virulent
Aeromonas hydrophila
strains has been causing severe disease in the catfish aquaculture industry in the southeastern United States. Here, we report draft genomes of four
A. hydrophila
isolates from catfish aquaculture that represent this clonal group.
Assessment of health utilities and quality of life in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Sayiner Mehmet , Stepanova Maria , Pham Huong , Noor Bashir , Walters Mercedes , Younossi Zobair M 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease associated with increased liver-related mortality. Additionally, NAFLD could potentially impair health-related quality of life. Although an approved treatment for NAFLD does not exist, a number of new drugs for treatment of NAFLD are being developed. As the efficacy and safety of these regimens are being established, their cost-effectiveness, which requires the use of quality of life metrics and health utility scores to quality-adjusted outcomes, must also be assessed. The aim of this study was to report quality of life and health utilities in patients with NAFLD with and without cirrhosis for future use.MethodsPatients with NAFLD were seen in an outpatient clinic setting. Each patient had extensive clinical data and completed the Short Form-36 (SF-36 V.1) questionnaire. The SF-6D health utility scores were calculated.ResultsThere were 89 patients with the spectrum of NAFLD completed the SF-36 questionnaire: 59 with non-cirrhotic NAFLD and 30 with cirrhosis. Patients with NAFLD had significantly lower quality of life and health utility scores than the general population (all p<0.0001). Furthermore, patients with cirrhosis had lower quality of life and utility scores than non-cirrhotic NAFLD patients: SF-6D 0.660±0.107 in non-cirrhotic NAFLD vs 0.551±0.138 in cirrhotic NAFLD (p=0.0003).ConclusionsHealth utilities and quality of life scores are impaired in patients with cirrhotic NAFLD. These values should be used in cost-effectiveness analysis of the upcoming treatment regimens for advanced NAFLD.
Diabetes mellitus among HIV-infected individuals in follow-up care at University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Solomon Mekonnen , Getachew Assefa , Fasika Solomon , Bayisa Mulugeta , Girma Demisse Abayneh , Mesfin Nebiyu 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and associated factors among HIV-infected adults in northwest Ethiopia.DesignHospital-based cross-sectional study.SettingHIV clinic of the University of Gondar Hospital, Ethiopia.ParticipantsAll HIV-infected adults who visited the HIV clinic from December 2013 to the end of February 2014 were the source population.MeasuresA structured and pretested questionnaire incorporating the WHO STEPwise approach was used. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to assess factors associated with DM.ResultsThe overall prevalence of type 2 DM was 8% (95% CI 5.5% to 10.5%). The prevalence of DM was higher (13.2%; 95% CI 8.0% to 18.3%) among subjects receiving pre-antiretroviral treatment (pre-ART) than among those taking ART (5.1%; 95% CI 2.6% to 7.6%). Thirteen (35.1%) of the DM cases were newly identified during the study. Obesity (adjusted OR (AOR) 6.55; 1.20 to 35.8), hypertension (AOR 3.45; 1.50 to 7.90), being in the pre-ART group (AOR 4.47; 1.80 to 11.08), hypertriglyceridaemia (AOR 2.24; 1.02 to 49.5) and tertiary-level education (AOR 11.8; 2.28 to 61.4) were associated with DM.ConclusionsOverall DM prevalence was high, particularly among subjects in the pre-ART group. More educated, hypertensive and obese HIV-infected adults were more likely to have DM as a comorbidity. Health policy and the clinical management of HIV-infected individuals should take into account the rising DM.
Intra-arterial versus intravenous abciximab therapy for thromboembolic complications of neuroendovascular procedures: case review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kansagra Akash P , McEachern James D , Madaelil Thomas P , Wallace Adam N , Cross DeWitte T , Moran Christopher J , Derdeyn Colin P 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundAbciximab is used to treat thromboembolic complications of neuroendovascular procedures, but outcomes of treatment are not well defined.ObjectiveTo examine the angiographic and clinical outcomes based on route of abciximab administration and degree of vessel recanalization.Materials and methodsA prospectively maintained database of neuroendovascular procedures performed between January 2004 and May 2015 was retrospectively reviewed to identify cases with thromboembolic complications treated with abciximab. In these cases, route of administration, degree of vessel recanalization, and presence or absence of infarction were determined. A meta-analysis of similar cases in the literature was also performed.ResultsAbciximab was administered in 0.24% (47 of 19 566) of procedures to treat thromboemboli in 59 vessels. Angiographic improvement was seen in 94% after IA therapy and 79% after IV therapy (p=0.133). In our meta-analysis of 391 treated patients, angiographic improvement was greater after IA (91.7%) than IV (77.4%) treatment (p<0.001). Postprocedural infarction occurred more frequently with distal lesions (42%) than local lesions (12%) (p=0.014), and occlusive lesions (36%) than non-occlusive lesions (4.8%) (p=0.010). Infarction was significantly less common with complete angiographic resolution (0%) than with partial or no improvement (54%) (p<0.001). Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred in 2.1%.ConclusionsAbciximab produces a high rate of angiographic improvement and a low incidence of postprocedural infarct in neuroendovascular procedures complicated by thromboemboli. IA abciximab produces greater angiographic improvement than IV treatment. Postprocedural infarction is less common in patients with complete angiographic response than in those with partial or no response.
The association between carotid intraplaque hemorrhage and outcomes of carotid stenting: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Brinjikji Waleed , Lehman Vance T , Huston John , Murad M Hassan , Lanzino Giuseppe , Cloft Harry J , Kallmes David F 
Published: August 2016

Background and purposeThe purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine whether carotid stenting patients with intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) identified on preoperative MRI were more likely to suffer perioperative ischemic complications compared with patients without IPH.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive literature search of studies published between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2015 reporting perioperative outcomes of carotid stenting among patients with and without IPH on hemorrhage sensitive carotid MRI sequences. Clinical outcomes included perioperative (≤30 days post-stenting) minor stroke, major stroke, death, and a composite outcome combining stroke, death, and myocardial infarction (MI). We also compared the rate of silent ischemia on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) between groups. Statistical analysis was performed using a random effects meta-analysis.Results9 studies with 491 unique patients (198 in the IPH group and 293 in the non-IPH group) were included. The rate of the composite outcome of any stroke, death, or MI within 30 days was 8.1% (13/160) in the IPH group and 2.1% (5/239) in the non-IPH group (OR=4.45, 95% CI 1.61 to 12.30, p<0.01). There were no significant differences between groups in the rates of minor stroke, major stroke, or death when considered individually. The rate of postoperative infarct on DWI was 49.7% (75/161) for the IPH group and 33.6% (81/241) for the non-IPH group (OR=2.01, 95% CI 1.31 to 3.09, p<0.01).ConclusionsOur systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that patients with IPH on pre-carotid stenting MRI had higher rates of silent ischemia as well as of a composite outcome of perioperative stroke, death, and MI compared with those without IPH.
Equal work for unequal pay: the gender reimbursement gap for healthcare providers in the United States
Authors: Desai Tejas , Ali Sadeem , Fang Xiangming , Thompson Wanda , Jawa Pankaj , Vachharajani Tushar 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIntroductionGender disparities in income continue to exist, and many studies have quantified the gap between male and female workers. These studies paint an incomplete picture of gender income disparity because of their reliance on notoriously inaccurate or incomplete surveys. We quantified gender reimbursement disparity between female and male healthcare providers using objective, non-self-reported data and attempted to adjust the disparity against commonly held beliefs as to why it exists.MethodsWe analysed over three million publicly available Medicare reimbursement claims for calendar year 2012 and compared the reimbursements received by male and female healthcare providers in 13 medical specialties. We adjusted these reimbursement totals against how hard providers worked, how productive each provider was, and their level of experience. We calculated a reimbursement differential between male and female providers by primary medical specialty.ResultsThe overall adjusted reimbursement differential against female providers was −US$18 677.23 (95% CI −US$19 301.94 to −US$18 052.53). All 13 specialties displayed a negative reimbursement differential against female providers. Only two specialties had reimbursement differentials that were not statistically significant.ConclusionsAfter adjustment for how hard a physician works, his/her years of experience and his/her productivity, female healthcare providers are still reimbursed less than male providers. Using objective, non-survey data will provide a more accurate understanding of this reimbursement inequity and perhaps lead the medical profession (as a whole) towards a solution that can reverse this decades-old injustice.
Multispecies random walk simulations in radial symmetry: model concept, benchmark, and application to HTO,
22
Na and
36
Cl diffusion in clay
Authors: Meng Shuo , Pfingsten Wilfried 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Modelling of radionuclide transport in clay can be simplified and accelerated by exploiting radial symmetry of laboratory experiments or nuclear waste repositories design. Consequently, the multispecies reactive transport code MCOTAC has been extended to radial symmetry, exploiting the advantages of its random walk transport description. Random walk in radial
r
-symmetry is mimicked by two-dimensional (2D) random walk projected to a radial coordinate for geochemical calculations. This guarantees fast 2D(
x
,
y
) transport calculations, together with complex geochemical calculations in 1D(
r
) only. The new model concept has been benchmarked for simple geochemical systems and applied to laboratory diffusion experiments with HTO,
22
Na and
36
Cl in Opalinus Clay using higher spatial resolution for modelling than reported in the literature. This makes it possible to distinguish between the transport properties of the sample and the filters, and yields more careful determination of radionuclide transport parameters: for example, there was a difference of a factor of 2 between the diffusion coefficient and log
K
d
sorption coefficient in the case of
22
Na compared to the former best-fit analysis.
Gallstones and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Zheng Yan , Xu Min , Li Yanping , Hruby Adela , Rimm Eric B. , Hu Frank B. , Wirth Janine , Albert Christine M. , Rexrode Kathryn M. , Manson JoAnn E. , Qi Lu 
Published: August 2016

Objective—
Gallstone disease has been related to cardiovascular risk factors; however, whether presence of gallstones predicts coronary heart disease (CHD) is not well established.

Approach and Results—
We followed up 269 142 participants who were free of cancer and cardiovascular disease at baseline from 3 US cohorts: the Nurses’ Health Study (112 520 women; 1980–2010), Nurses’ Health Study II (112 919 women; 1989–2011), and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (43 703 men; 1986–2010) and documented 21 265 incident CHD cases. After adjustment for potential confounders, the hazard ratio for the participants with a history of gallstone disease compared with those without was 1.15 (95% confidence interval, 1.10−1.21) in Nurses’ Health Study, 1.33 (95% confidence interval, 1.17−1.51) in Nurses’ Health Study II, and 1.11 (95% confidence interval, 1.04−1.20) in Health Professionals Follow-up Study. The associations seemed to be stronger in individuals who were not obese, not diabetic, or were normotensive, compared with their counterparts. We identified 4 published prospective studies by searching PUBMED and EMBASE up to October 2015, coupled with our 3 cohorts, involving 842 553 participants and 51 123 incident CHD cases. The results from meta-analysis revealed that a history of gallstone disease was associated with a 23% (15%–33%) increased CHD risk.

Conclusion—
Our findings support that a history of gallstone disease is associated with increased CHD risk, independently of traditional risk factors.
Folic Acid Supplementation and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Li Yanping , Huang Tianyi , Zheng Yan , Muka Tauland , Troup Jenna , Hu Frank B. 
Published: August 2016

Background
Results from observational and genetic epidemiological studies suggest that lower serum homocysteine levels are associated with lower incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Numerous randomized controlled trials have investigated the efficacy of lowering homocysteine with folic acid supplementation for CVD risk, but conflicting results have been reported.

Methods and Results

Three bibliographic databases (Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) were searched from database inception until December 1, 2015. Of the 1933 references reviewed for eligibility, 30 randomized controlled trials involving 82 334 participants were included in the final analysis. The pooled relative risks of folic acid supplementation compared with controls were 0.90 (95% CI 0.84–0.96;
P
=0.002) for stroke, 1.04 (95% CI 0.99–1.09;
P
=0.16) for coronary heart disease, and 0.96 (95% CI 0.92–0.99;
P
=0.02) for overall CVD. The intervention effects for both stroke and combined CVD were more pronounced among participants with lower plasma folate levels at baseline (both
P
<0.02 for interaction). In stratified analyses, a greater beneficial effect for overall CVD was seen in trials among participants without preexisting CVD (
P
=0.006 for interaction) or in trials with larger reduction in homocysteine levels (
P
=0.009 for interaction).

Conclusions
Our meta‐analysis indicated a 10% lower risk of stroke and a 4% lower risk of overall CVD with folic acid supplementation. A greater benefit for CVD was observed among participants with lower plasma folate levels and without preexisting CVD and in studies with larger decreases in homocysteine levels. Folic acid supplementation had no significant effect on risk of coronary heart disease.