bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levels of Thyroid Hormones and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in Normotensive Pregnant Women
Authors: Singh Akhilesh Kumar , Gautam Bechan Kumar 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
During pregnancy the hormonal changes take place, resulting in changes in thyroid functions. The present study was conducted to determine thyroid hormones and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in normotensive pregnancy. Fifty normotensive pregnant subjects were included in the study. Age-matched 50 nonpregnant subjects, not having any disease were taken as control. Total triiodothyronine (total T3), total thyroxine (total T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and hCG were estimated by using enzyme amplified chemiluminescent immunoassay. The level of thyroid hormones was found significantly increased in normotensive pregnant subjects as compared to that of control group. We therefore conclude that investigations should be done routinely in pregnancy.

How to cite this article
Singh AK, Agrawal P, Gautam BK, Garg R. Levels of Thyroid Hormones and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in Normotensive Pregnant Women. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2016;8(4):324-326.
Morbidly Adherent Placenta managed Conservatively: A Case Series
Authors: Gupta Ramiti , Singh Beant , Kaur Balwinder , Mohi Manjit K 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Placenta accreta refers to any abnormally invasive placental implantation. Diagnosis is suspected postpartum with failed delivery of a retained placenta. Massive obstetrical hemorrhage is a known complication often requiring peripartum hysterectomy. We report a series of cases of placenta accreta in patients desiring future fertility who were managed conservatively.

How to cite this article
Kaur B, Mohi MK, Singh B, Gupta R. Morbidly Adherent Placenta managed conservatively: A Case Series. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2016;8(4):327-330.
Accuracy of Ultrasounds in the Diagnosis of Placenta Previa by Nonradiologists in Cameroon
Authors: Florent Fouelifack Y , Ohanda Patrick BA , Fouedjio Jeanne H , Fouogue Jovanny T , Fouelifa Loic D , Mbu Robinson E 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTObjectivesUltrasound evaluation could ensure early diagnoses prior to the onset of clinical manifestations. The use of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for varying disease states is gaining ground in Africa; however, its operator dependence constitutes a major setback. Our main goal was to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasound in the diagnosis of placenta previa (PP) in Cameroon, and especially its use by nonradiologists.Materials and methodsWe carried out a cross-sectional prospective study in the maternity unit of the Yaoundé Central Hospital during a period of 13 months (December 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015). Our study population involved women with prior cesarean section irrespective of the indication at least 28 weeks of gestational age. During surgery the diagnosis was confirmed. We included all women with a past history of cesarean section who underwent a 3rd trimester ultrasound scan (USS), especially in the last 4 weeks preceding the cesarean section.ResultsThe mean age of our study population was 28.02 years (± 6.13 years), with age extremes at 13 and 44 years respectively. Out of 761 women who underwent cesarean section, 153 had been diagnosed preoperatively with PP. All the USSs were transabdominal. Third trimester scans irrespective of the operator had a sensitivity of 82, and 99% specificity. Among the operators, radiologists and obstetricians had the best sensitivity rates (83 and 81% respectively) as against 71.4% among other operators.ConclusionUltrasound scanning is important in the antenatal period as a diagnostic tool for PP when carried out by radiologists and obstetricians. Routine use of the transvaginal and transperineal routes should be encouraged so as to gain in accuracy during 3rd trimester scanning. However, the nonradiologists need to be trained because of the accuracy lapses involving the USSs which they carry out.How to cite this articleFlorent FY, Ohanda PBA, Fouedjio JH, Fouogue JT, Fouelifa LD, Mbu RE. Accuracy of Ultrasounds in the Diagnosis of Placenta Previa by Nonradiologists in Cameroon. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(4):403-408.
Encephalocele: A Case Report at Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon
Authors: Fouedjio Jeanne Hortence , Florent Fouelifack Y , Mbu Robinson E , Njotang Nana P 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
An encephalocele is characterized by congenital herniation of the brain tissue and/or meninges through a skull defect. The underlying cause is complex and not fully understood. The exact worldwide frequency is not known. Microcephaly with the presence of neural elements in the encephalocele is associated with poor prognosis. We report a case of a second twin premature baby born at 31 weeks gestation by cesarean section with an occipital encephalocele and died after 48 hours.

How to cite this article
Hortence FJ, Florent FY, Njotang NP, Mbu RE. Encephalocele: A Case Report at Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(4):413-414.
HDliveFlow with HDlive Silhouette Mode in Antenatal Diagnosis of Bilobed Placenta
Authors: Ishibashi Megumi , Yang Pei-Yin 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTWe present a case of bilobed placenta diagnosed by HDliveFlow with the HDlive silhouette mode early in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy. A 29-year-old Japanese pregnant woman, gravida 4, para 1, was referred to our hospital based on the patient's wish at 23 weeks and 3 days of gestation. Two-dimensional (2D) sonography showed a single live fetus with biometry consistent with the gestational age. Moreover, two separated parts of the placenta were noted at the anterior and posterior uterine walls. HDliveFlow with the HDlive silhouette mode clearly depicted two lobes of the placenta (near equal size), and the main umbilical cord attached to the periphery of the anterior part of the placenta. One large connecting vessel between these two placental parts was also clearly identified. Bilobed placenta was strongly suggested. After birth, the gross specimen of the placenta confirmed the diagnosis. HDliveFlow with the HDlive silhouette mode may be an adjunctive tool to 2D sonography to diagnose abnormalities of the placenta in utero.How to cite this articleYang P-Y, Kanenishi K, Ishibashi M, Mori N, Hata T. HDliveFlow with HDlive Silhouette Mode in Antenatal Diagnosis of Bilobed Placenta. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(4):415-417.
Guidelines for the Doppler Assessment of the Umbilical and Middle Cerebral Arteries in Obstetrics
Authors: Zalud Ivica , Broady Autumn J 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
The use of Doppler ultrasound is an important tool in the obstetrical assessment of an at-risk fetus. Principles of the Doppler effect can be used to monitor placental and fetal blood flow in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction or in the surveillance for fetal anemia from maternal alloimmunization. Indications and techniques for umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery Doppler assessment are reviewed.

How to cite this article
Broady A, Zalud I. Guidelines for the Doppler Assessment of the Umbilical and Middle Cerebral Arteries in Obstetrics. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(4):418-421.
Exceptional sequence of severe thunderstorms and related flash floods in May and June 2016 in Germany – Part 1: Meteorological background
Authors: Piper David , Kunz Michael , Ehmele Florian , Mohr Susanna , Mühr Bernhard , Kron Andreas , Daniell James 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. During a 15-day episode from 26 May to 9 June 2016, Germany was affected by an exceptionally large number of severe thunderstorms. Heavy rainfall, related flash floods and creek flooding, hail, and tornadoes caused substantial losses running into billions of euros (EUR). This paper analyzes the key features of the severe thunderstorm episode using extreme value statistics, an aggregated precipitation severity index, and two different objective weather-type classification schemes. It is shown that the thunderstorm episode was caused by the interaction of high moisture content, low thermal stability, weak wind speed, and large-scale lifting by surface lows, persisting over almost 2 weeks due to atmospheric blocking.For the long-term assessment of the recent thunderstorm episode, we draw comparisons to a 55-year period (1960–2014) regarding clusters of convective days with variable length (2–15 days) based on precipitation severity, convection-favoring weather patterns, and compound events with low stability and weak flow. It is found that clusters with more than 8 consecutive convective days are very rare. For example, a 10-day cluster with convective weather patterns prevailing during the recent thunderstorm episode has a probability of less than 1 %.
Technical note: Algal Pigment Index 2 in the Atlantic off the southwest Iberian Peninsula: standard and regional algorithms
Authors: Goela Priscila , Cristina Sónia , Kajiyama Tamito , Icely John , Moore Gerald , Fragoso Bruno , Newton Alice 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. In this study, Algal Pigment Index 2 (API2) is investigated in Sagres, an area located in the Atlantic off the southwestern Iberian Peninsula. Standard results provided by the MEdium Resolution Image Spectrometer (MERIS) ocean colour sensor were compared with alternative data products, determined through a regional inversion scheme, using both MERIS and in situ remote sensing reflectances (Rrs) as input data. The reference quantity for performance assessment is in situ total chlorophyll a (TChl a) concentration estimated through a phytoplankton absorption coefficient (i.e. equivalent to API2). Additional comparison of data products has also been addressed for TChl a concentration determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The MERIS matchup analysis revealed a systematic underestimation of TChl a, which was confirmed with an independent comparison of product map analysis. The study demonstrates the importance of regional algorithms for the study area that could complement upcoming standard results of the current Sentinel-3/OLCI space mission.
“Freedom from jobs” or learning to love to labor? Diversity advocacy and working imaginaries in Open Technology Projects
Authors: Dunbar-Hester Christina 
Published: December 2016

This paper examines imaginaries of work and labor in “open technology” projects (especially open source software and hackerspaces), based on ethnographic research in North America. It zeroes in on “diversity initiatives” within open technology projects. These initiatives are important because they expose many of the assumptions and tensions that surround participatory cultures. On the one hand, these projects and spaces are organized around voluntarism; in theory, everyone who wishes to participate is welcome to do so. On the other hand, diversity initiatives form in order to address the “problem” of imbalance in the ranks of participants. Technology is a unique domain for the discharge of political energies. In collective imagination, it has been vested with the power to initiate change (even as this belief obscures the role of social and economic relations). Multiple ideas circulate about the relationships between diversity in open technology projects and paid labor. This paper argues that in part due to the legacy of technical hobbies as training grounds for technical employment for much of the twentieth century, as documented by historians of radio (Douglas, 1987; Haring, 2006), voluntaristic technology projects are vexed sites for imagining political emancipation. To a large degree, diversity initiatives in open technology projects are consistent with corporate values of diversity as a marketplace value. At the same time, collectivity formations around technology that incorporate feminist, antiracist, or social justice framings may begin to generate connections between diversity advocacy in tech fields and social justice movements or policy changes in order to effect deep social change.
Promoção do aleitamento materno no ensino fundamental: revisão integrativa
Authors: Martins Fernanda Demutti Pimpão , Leal Luciana Pedrosa , Guedes Tatiane Gomes , Javorski Marly , Pontes Cleide Maria 
Published: December 2016

Estudo com o objetivo de analisar as abordagens sobre a promoção do aleitamento materno no ensino fundamental. Revisão integrativa realizada na BVS, PUBMED, SCOPUS, CINAHL, COCHRANE e SciELO, sendo encontradas 1.598 publicações e sete selecionadas para a amostra final. Categorias identificadas - Abordagens sobre o conhecimento, percepções, crenças e experiências de aleitamento materno na perspectiva das crianças: as entrevistas revelaram conhecimentos e crenças desfavoráveis à amamentação; - Abordagem do conteúdo de promoção do aleitamento materno no ensino fundamental: o conteúdo é abordado superficialmente nos livros didáticos e os educadores afirmam não ministrá-lo em aula. A abordagem da amamentação no ensino fundamental demonstrou-se variada, porém, reduzida, especialmente em relação às intervenções educativas. Ao enfermeiro cabe ampliar essa abordagem, com metodologias ativas e lúdicas, com vistas a impactar no futuro das próximas gerações.
Pedagogias e públicos das formações a distância. Alguns pontos históricos
Authors: Glikman Viviane 
Published: December 2016

Este artigo parte de uma intervenção de Genviève Jacquinot sobre “a história das formas pedagógicas em FAD/FOAD” no Grupo de Estudos – história da formação de adultos (Gehfa), em 2013. Ele faz simplesmente uma ilustração do que ela evoca nesta ocasião a propósito dos públicos de formações abertas e a distância e de suas relações com os modos de formação no plano pedagógico e tecnológico. Sob esta ótica, ele recorre a trabalhos que fizemos sobre os usos e os utilizadores de dispositivos instrumentalizados de formação a distância e alimenta esses propósitos com citações extraídas de entrevistas realizadas neste contexto e ainda não publicadas formalmente. O objetivo central é portanto de trazer alguns esclarecimentos sobre as percepções de diversos modelos de EAD para os aprendizes, dos quais queremos aqui ser porta vozes.
Um regresso à noção de abordagem dispositivo?
Authors: Lameul Geneviève 
Published: December 2016

O artigo destaca a noção de démarche dispositive que Geneviève Jacquinot desenvolveu com Hugues Choplin em 2002. Esta noção, articulando dispositivo e inovação, posiciona-se em relação a outras formas de pesquisa, mais lembradas hoje, como as engenharias cooperativas ou a design based recherch. Escrito de maneira bem pessoal, a partir da experiência da autora, o artigo questiona a cumulatividade dos resultados de pesquisa assim como as ligações e pontes a construir entre elas, de modo a acessar melhor a inteligibilidade das situações sociais cada vez mais complexas. Esclarecendo estas diferentes situações, onde a pesquisa e a ação se entrecruzam e se esclarecem mutualmente, as posições dos autores correspondendo a cada configuração também serão questionadas.
EFICIÊNCIA TÉCNICA E ECONÔMICA DA CULTURA DA SOJA SUBMETIDA À APLICAÇÃO DE FERTILIZANTES NITROGENADOS EM SEMEADURA E COBERTURA
Authors: Cipriani Katiussa , Cericato Alceu , Lajús Cristiano Reschke , Sordi André , Schafer Alexandre 
Published: December 2016

Nos últimos anos, no Brasil, tem sido dada uma especial atenção ao uso de adubos nitrogenados na cultura da soja. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina UNOESC, Maravilha – SC, com o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência técnica e econômica com aplicação de diferentes fontes nitrogenadas na cultura da soja (Glycine Max L. Merrill), entre estes o rendimento de grãos, massa de mil grãos, relação de SPAD x fonte de N. O ensaio foi conduzido no ano agrícola de 2014, cultivar SYN 1059 VTOP, distribuídas em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições e cinco tratamentos. A avaliação ocorreu em quatro estádios de desenvolvimento da planta. As leituras com clorofilômetro e a determinação dos teores de nitrogênio da folha foram realizadas nos estádios V5, R1, R3 e R 5.5. A utilização de N em cobertura proporcionou aumento no rendimento da soja, quando aplicado o produto Kimcoat N®, tendo um resultado positivo quanto ao rendimento de grãos e viabilidade econômica de aplicação. A relação SPAD x teor de N, obteve correlação nos estádios V5 e R1 estádios onde foi determinado o rendimento (número de grãos) da cultura da soja, justificando sua aplicação. Palavras-chave: Manejo de adubação. Análise foliar. Clorofilometria.
Genetic group and horns presence in injuries and economic losses of bovine carcasses
Authors: Mendonça Fábio Souza , Vaz Ricardo Zambarda , Leal Willian Silveira , Restle João , Pascoal Leonir Luiz , Vaz Marcia Bitencourt , Farias Gustavo Duarte 
Published: December 2016

Assessment of carcass bruises in steers and cull females, classified during truck unloading at the slaughterhouse according to genetic dominance in zebu and taurine cattle, and the presence of horns, including polled, horned and mixed batches. We considered horned the batches that included more than 20% of horned animals and mixed the batches that included less than 20% horned animals. The data were collected in a commercial slaughterhouse and included 93 batches, with a total of 2,520 animals, from different regions of South Brazil. After evisceration, the bruises were identified and recorded in the different carcass regions: hip, round, ribs, forequarter and loin area per animal and batch. The weights of the removed tissue due to bruising was based on the average weights of various samples of bruises according to their degree of severity. Regarding the number of bruises per animal, no differences (P> 0.05) were observed between genetic groups, however, when comparing the total bruises per batch, differences were observed in all carcass regions, except for the forequarter, with more number of injuries in zebu than in taurine carcasses. The individual assessment showed 86.2% (P<.05) more bruises in the ribs region in horned than in polled animals carcasses. Horned batches had higher bruises mean (P<.05) compared to the polled, with increases of 65.1; 131.7 e 132.8 % in total bruises in the carcass, ribs and forequarter, respectively. The mixed batches did not differ from polled and horned batches. Zebu animals were responsible for higher industry loss totaling 1.21 kg, resulting in a economic loss of R $ 15.48 per carcass. The presence of horns resulted in greater carcass loss, 1.131 kg, with economic loss of R $ 16.11 per carcass. The bruises on carcasses are affected by the breed group and presence of horns, with zebu and horned groups causing major economic losses for the meat production chain.
Bevorderen van verantwoorde onderzoekspraktijken door ZonMw
Authors: Reijmerink Wendy , Oortwijn Wija 
Published: December 2016

Bevorderen van verantwoorde onderzoekspraktijken door ZonMw
Nationaal en internationaal staat onderzoek dat maatschappelijk relevant is, wetenschappelijk gezien hoge kwaliteit heeft, en zowel integer als efficiënt wordt uitgevoerd in de schijnwerpers. Het achterliggende idee is dat alleen zo de gewenste maatschappelijke impact kan worden bereikt. Door het bevorderen van verantwoorde onderzoekspraktijken, waarbij er onder andere expliciet aandacht is voor aspecten als stakeholderparticipatie, interdisciplinaire samenwerking, replicatie en systematische reviews, kunnen financiers of programmeurs van onderzoek hieraan bijdragen. In dit artikel wordt een overzicht gegeven van de wijze waarop ZonMw dat doet als kennisprogrammeur op het gebied van het gezondheidsonderzoek. Hiertoe is een toetsingskader ontwikkeld en toegepast op zestien lopende onderzoeksprogramma’s, dat ook voor andere domeinen en actoren betekenis heeft. Een belangrijke aanbeveling is dat ‘verantwoord programmeren’ een eigen kennisbasis behoeft om de toegevoegde waarde ervan te kunnen bepalen. Naast investeringen in metaonderzoek vraagt dat om een goede monitoring en informatievoorziening bij de kennisprogrammeur.
Electrical impedance tomography methods for miniaturised 3D systems
Authors: Canali C. , Aristovich K. , Ceccarelli L. , Larsen L.B , Martinsen Ø. G. , Wolff A. , Dufva M. , Emnéus J. , Heiskanen A. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this study, we explore the potential of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) for miniaturised 3D samples to provide a non-invasive approach for future applications in tissue engineering and 3D cell culturing. We evaluated two different electrode configurations using an array of nine circular chambers (Ø 10 mm), each having eight gold plated needle electrodes vertically integrated along the chamber perimeter. As first method, the adjacent electrode configuration was tested solving the computationally simple back-projection algorithm using Comsol Multiphysics in time-difference EIT (t-EIT). Subsequently, a more elaborate method based on the “polar-offset” configuration (having an additional electrode at the centre of the chamber) was evaluated using linear t-EIT and linear weighted frequency-difference EIT (f-EIT). Image reconstruction was done using a customised algorithm that has been previously validated for EIT imaging of neural activity. All the finite element simulations and impedance measurements on test objects leading to image reconstruction utilised an electrolyte having an ionic strength close to physiological solutions. The chosen number of electrodes and consequently number of electrode configurations aimed at maximising the quality of image reconstruction while minimising the number of required measurements. This is significant when designing a technique suitable for tissue engineering applications where time-based monitoring of cellular behaviour in 3D scaffolds is of interest. The performed tests indicated that the method based on the adjacent configuration in combination with the back-projection algorithm was only able to provide image reconstruction when using a test object having a higher conductivity than the background electrolyte. Due to limitations in the mesh quality, the reconstructed image had significant irregularities and the position was slightly shifted toward the perimeter of the chamber. On the other hand, the method based on the polar-offset configuration combined with the customised algorithm proved to be suitable for image reconstruction when using non-conductive and cell-based test objects (down to 1% of the measurement chamber volume), indicating its suitability for future tissue engineering applications with polymeric scaffolds.
Prevenční povinnost při poskytování zdravotních a sociálních služeb
Authors: Pavelek Ondřej 
Published: December 2016

Cílem toho příspěvku je analýza občanskoprávní odpovědnosti při poskytování zdravotních a sociálních služeb. Pozornost je věnována problematice protiprávnosti – vztahu generální prevenční povinnosti a povinnostem stanoveným konkrétními právními předpisy: zákonem č. 108/2006 Sb., o sociálních službách a zákonem č. 372/2011 Sb., o zdravotních službách. Na dvou případech jsou analyzovány rovněž povinnosti těchto zařízení a jejich odpovědnost za zásah do osobnostních práv pacientů, především odpovědnost za újmu na zdraví a při usmrcení.
Trestní odpovědnost osob činných ve volených orgánech územních samosprávných celků
Authors: Zarivnij Petr 
Published: December 2016

Článek je zaměřen na problematiku trestní odpovědnosti osob ve vztahu k jejich členství a rozhodování ve volených orgánech územních samosprávných celků. V rámci článku je představena typická trestná činnost páchaná v této oblasti a reflektována otázka, do jaké míry lze osoby činné ve volených orgánech územních samosprávných celků trestně stíhat. Úvahám jsou podrobeny problematické body činnosti samosprávy a doporučení za účelem prevence trestního stíhání.