bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between estimated glucose disposal rate and cardiovascular mortality across the spectrum of glucose tolerance in the US population
Authors: Guo Rubing , Tong Jingjing , Cao Yongtong , Zhao Wei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimsTo determine if estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) can predict cardiovascular disease mortality risk at different levels of glycaemic tolerance.Materials and MethodsThe eGDR levels of 11 656 individuals aged 45–79 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles 1999 to 2010 were analysed. Associations between eGDR levels and all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality were examined using Cox proportional hazards and Fine and Gray models, respectively.ResultsAfter a median follow‐up of 12.8 years, a total of 2852 participants died, with 777 of those deaths attributed to cardiovascular causes. When comparing participants with eGDR values of ≤4 mg/kg/min to those with eGDR values falling within the ranges of 4–6, 6–8 and >8 mg/kg/min, it was found that the latter groups exhibited lower hazard ratios for both all‐cause mortality (0.61 [0.52–0.72], 0.61 [0.52–0.72] and 0.46 [0.39–0.55]) and cardiovascular mortality (0.44 [0.33–0.57], 0.45 [0.34–0.59] and 0.30 [0.23–0.40]). A U‐shaped relationship between eGDR and all‐cause mortality was observed, with an inflection point at an eGDR of 9.54 mg/kg/min.ConclusionsIn the general population, the association between reduced eGDR and all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality was independently significant, contributing to the identification of individuals at high risk for different levels of glucose tolerances.
Engaging in social innovation education: Reciprocal relations between student wellbeing and programme wellbeing outcomes
Authors: Maynard Andrea , Symonds Jennifer E. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSocial innovation education (SIE) is a student‐led collaborative process of creating unique solutions to challenges within the community. Through an analysis of pre‐ and post‐surveys completed by 94 post‐primary school students in Ireland, the current study looked at how prior wellbeing (measured using the EPOCH model) influenced change in wellbeing through engagement with the SIE programme. While the models produced indicated that all five dimensions of the EPOCH model (engagement, perseverance, optimism, connectedness, and happiness) were impacted by the programme, the results also indicated that students with higher prior wellbeing were more likely to have higher levels of engagement, and as a result gained greater wellbeing‐related outcomes. These findings highlight the benefit that a programme like SIE, which is not designed as a wellbeing intervention, can have on wellbeing, and the importance of considering additional encouragement and support based on the individual needs of each student.
Combining Masculinizing Resistance, Rotation, and Biocontrol to Achieve Durable Suppression of the Potato Pale Cyst Nematode: A Model
Authors: Tankam Chedjou Israël , Montarry Josselin , Fournet Sylvain , Hamelin Frédéric M. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe pale cyst nematode, Globodera pallida, is a pest that poses a significant threat to potato crops worldwide. The most effective chemical nematicides are toxic to nontarget organisms and are now banned. Alternative control methods are therefore required. Crop rotation and biological control methods have limitations for effectively managing nematodes. The use of genetically resistant cultivars is a promising alternative, but nematode populations evolve, and virulent mutants can break resistance after just a few years. Masculinizing resistances, preventing avirulent nematodes from producing females, might be more durable than blocking resistances, preventing infection. Our demo‐genetic model, tracking both nematode population densities and virulence allele frequencies, shows that virulence against masculinizing resistance may not be fixed in the pest population under realistic agricultural conditions. Avirulence may persist despite the uniform use of resistance. This is because avirulent male nematodes may transmit avirulent alleles to their progeny by mating with virulent females. Additionally, because avirulent nematodes do not produce females themselves, they weaken the reproductive rate of the nematode population, leading to a reduction in its density by at least 20%. This avirulence load can even lead to the collapse of the nematode population in theory. Overall, our model showed that combining masculinizing resistance, rotation, and biocontrol may achieve durable suppression of G. pallida in a reasonable time frame. Our work is supported by an online interactive interface allowing users (i.e., growers, plant health authorities, researchers) to test their own control combinations.
Intra‐arterial contrast enhanced computed tomography of the deep digital flexor tendon and palmar veins in the distal forelimb in Jeju horses: Evaluating contrast‐enhancing factors
Authors: Lee Seyoung , Shin Kwang‐Yun , Lee Kija , Seo Jong‐pil 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have investigated the adequate contrast enhancement (CE) evaluation depending on concentration, volume, and rate of administration of contrast media (CM) and the scan parameters in equine contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT).ObjectivesTo investigate CE of the deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) and veins depending on the computed tomography (CT) voltage and concentration, volume, and rate of CM administration during intra‐arterial CECT of equine distal forelimbs.Study DesignIn vivo experiments.MethodsSix horses underwent 54 CT scans. First, the CE of DDFT and veins was evaluated depending on the voltage (80 kV and 250 mA or 120 kV and 150 mA) and CM concentration (150, 120, or 90 mg I/mL in 50 mL of CM). Second, CE of DDFT and veins was evaluated depending on the CM volume (50, 100, or 150 mL) and administration rate (2, 4, or 6 mL/s) with a fixed iodine delivery rate (IDR; 300 or 180 mg I/s).ResultsContrast enhancement of DDFT was significantly higher at 80 kV of voltage and 150 mg I/mL of CM concentration (Median: 29.65; IQR: 1.74; p < 0.05). CE of the DDFT positively correlated with CM concentration (p < 0.001; r = 0.75). At 180 mg I/s IDR, contrast attenuation in the medial and lateral palmar veins significantly decreased at a CM of 30 mg I/mL, rate of 6 mL/s, and volume of 150 mL (median and IQR: 985.93 and 71.8 Hounsfield units [HU] and 988.73 and 41.16 HU, respectively); the CE was sufficient to distinguish between the vessels and the adjacent structures.Main LimitationsThe number of animals was small.ConclusionsOur results suggest that a low CM concentration could yield sufficient CE of the DDFT and arteries with adjusted CT scanning parameters or volume and injection rate of CM.
The Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire: Validity evidence from Portugal
Authors: Morais Inês , Carneiro Francis Anne , Sinval Jorge , Costa Pedro Alexandre , Leal Isabel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundFamily resilience refers to a family's capacity to face and manage adversities, emerging as a stronger and more resourceful unit. A family system approach enlarges the lens to the broad relational network, identifying potential resources for resilience within the immediate and extended family. This approach emphasizes a family's innate ability to adapt in the face of adversities.ObjectiveThis study aims to test the psychometric properties of the Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire (WFRQ) using a sample of Portuguese caregivers with children aged between 10 and 15 years.MethodA total of 267 caregivers of children aged 10 to 15 years completed a sociodemographic questionnaire and the WFRQ. Analyses were performed to evaluate the WFRQ's validity evidence based on the internal structure (i.e., dimensionality and reliability) and on its relationship to other variables.ResultsThe findings supported a 31‐item version of the WFRQ with one third‐order latent factor, three second‐order factors, and nine first‐order factors for the Portuguese population. The WFRQ exhibited satisfactory validity evidence based on the internal structure and relation to other variables.ConclusionOverall, the results of this study demonstrate the suitability of the WFRQ as a holistic measure to gauge resilience at the family level, going beyond individual assessments.ImplicationsThis instrument holds significant utility in family resilience research and clinical interventions involving families.
Digital simulations as a pedagogical tool: How ready are Fiji year‐11 science teachers?
Authors: Nandani Shayal , Raturi Shikha 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundDigital simulations are emerging technologies in science education that allow students to visualise abstract concepts and enable science teachers to conduct laboratory work/experiments online.ObjectiveTo determine teacher readiness, the study focused on their cognitive skills and knowledge and perceptions of the use of digital simulations as a pedagogical tool incorporating an intervention in its research design.MethodsThe theoretical framework of this study combines the modified Technology Acceptance Model with the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning. Snowball sampling was used to recruit 10 chemistry teachers from secondary schools and a mixed methods sequential explanatory research design was adopted. The data was collected through survey, interview, pre‐test and post‐test results before and after the intervention (training).ResultsScience teachers perceive digital simulations as valuable and easy to use and are ready to use them in future lessons. An increase in cognitive knowledge and skills coupled with a positive mindset was noted after the training. The teachers indicated the need for training and support at all levels to successfully integrate digital simulations in their classrooms. Additionally, parents' engagement to enhance their awareness of such initiatives was deemed crucial for their support.ConclusionsThe study calls for a rethinking and a revision of science curriculum, policies and enhancement of infrastructure/general resources to support technology‐enabled learning, teaching and assessment practices in science classrooms; a continuous professional development program for teachers to keep up with the changing needs of 21st‐century education is imperative.
Evaluating applied security controls for safeguarding medical device‐integrated electronic medical records
Authors: Alhammad Aeshah , Yusof Maryati Mohd. , Jambari Dian Indrayani 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRationale, Aims, and ObjectivesMedical device‐integrated electronic medical records (MDI‐EMR) pose significant challenges in ensuring effective usage, data security and patient safety. The complexities of MDI‐EMR necessitate applying various security mechanisms to safeguard against cyber threats. Therefore, we evaluated cyber threats to MDI‐EMR and the effectiveness of applied security controls using a proposed framework from sociotechnical and risk assessment perspectives.MethodWe conducted a qualitative case study evaluation in a general hospital in Saudi Arabia using interviews, observation, and document analysis from the perspectives of major MDI‐EMR stakeholders, including healthcare providers, IT professionals and cybersecurity specialists.ResultsThe results showed the interplay among physical, technical and administrative security controls that maintained a secure posture of MDI‐EMR. The effectiveness of security controls is highly influenced by the staff's cybersecurity awareness and training. The perceived effectiveness of security controls varied among users, with some expressing satisfaction with the ease of use and reliability, while others highlighting challenges such as password complexity and access procedures. Understanding these diverse perspectives is crucial for tailoring security measures to meet the needs of different stakeholders effectively.ConclusionCollaboration among the key stakeholders is crucial for implementing security controls for MDI‐EMR. Balancing security measures with usability concerns is essential, as highlighted by challenges in implementing technical controls. A comprehensive approach encompassing physical, technical and administrative controls, continuous education and awareness initiatives are significant to empower staff in recognising and mitigating cyber threats effectively to safeguard medical data and ensure the integrity of healthcare systems.
Enhancing the Opacity of Glass Ceramics by Applying Opaque Stains to the Intaglio Surface
Authors: Pilecco Rafaela Oliveira , Konzen Marlon Roberto , Binotto Felipe Somavilla , Pereira Gabriel Kalil Rocha , Bacchi Atais 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the effect of opaque stain application to the intaglio surface of lithium disilicate glass ceramics on the masking ability of discolored substrates and bond strength to a resin‐based luting agent (depending on etching time); the stain film‐thickness was also assessed.Materials and MethodsCeramic specimens were produced with CAD‐CAM blocks of lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD). Two opaque stains were tested at ceramic intaglio surface: opaque glassy stain for titanium frameworks (OP‐ti) and low‐fusion glassy stain for ceramic characterization (LFG‐iv). Non‐stained ceramic specimens served as controls. For optical and colorimetric analyses, A2‐shaded ceramics of medium and low‐translucencies were tested, in thicknesses of 1.0‐ and 1.5‐mm (n = 10), with two coupling agents (non‐shaded—glycerin and A2‐shaded try‐in paste). CIEDE2000 formula was used for calculation of translucency parameter (TP00) and color differences (ΔE00). Whiteness index for dentistry (WID) was also reported. ΔE00 were assessed over discolored substrates (tooth‐shaded A2—reference, A4, C3, and C4; coppery metal, silvery metal, white zirconia, and PEEK). Microshear bond strength of stained and non‐stained ceramic specimens to a resin‐based luting agent was evaluated. Film‐thickness of stains was assessed by scanning electron microscopy.ResultsThe application of opaque stains to the intaglio surface of lithium disilicate ceramics resulted in significant reduction of TP00 (p < 0.001) and WID (p < 0.001) and differences in L*, C*, and ho color coordinates (especially with OP‐ti) (p < 0.001). ΔE00 was significantly reduced in stained ceramic groups in comparison with the control, for all discolored substrates (p < 0.001). Acceptable color matching was obtained with stained ceramic specimens for all discolored substrates, depending on the type of stain, ceramic thickness, ceramic translucency, and coupling agent. The application of stains to the ceramic intaglio surface was not detrimental to bond strength to a resin‐based luting agent, but depended on the time of hydrofluoric acid‐etching (20 s for OP‐ti and 60 s for LFG‐iv) (p < 0.001). Film‐thickness of stains presented mean values <70 μm.ConclusionThe application of opaque stains to the intaglio surface of lithium disilicate glass ceramics was effective to mask severely discolored substrates, presenting adequate bond strength to the luting agent and thin film‐thicknesses.Clinical SignificanceFor indirect restorations over severely discolored substrates, the application of opaque stain to the intaglio surface of lithium disilicate glass ceramic ensures acceptable color matching, with adequate bond strength to resin‐based luting agents and clinically acceptable stain film‐thickness.
Exploring Genetic Drug Targets in Acne Vulgaris: A Comprehensive Proteome‐Wide Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Ju Ruyi , Ying Yuou , Zhou Qiujun , Cao Yi 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAcne vulgaris presents a substantial clinical challenge due to its complex pathophysiology and significant impact on quality of life. Identification of novel therapeutic targets for acne using genetic tools can guide the development of more effective treatments.MethodsUtilizing a dataset comprising 35 559 Icelandic individuals, we performed proteomic analyses to quantify 4709 circulating proteins. We integrated these data with acne‐specific genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) encompassing 34 422 acne patients and 364 991 controls. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses employed the TwoSampleMR tool and Summary‐data‐based Mendelian Randomization (SMR) to estimate the causal effects of identified proteins on acne risk. Colocalization analyses assessed the likelihood of shared genetic etiology between protein levels and acne using the “coloc” R package.ResultsOur proteome‐wide MR analysis initially identified 128 proteins potentially associated with acne risk. Following multiple testing corrections using the Benjamini–Hochberg method, fatty acid synthase (FASN) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 4 (TIMP4) remained significantly associated with acne risk. FASN exhibited a protective effect against acne (OR = 0.768, 95% CI: 0.676–0.872, p = 4.685E‐05), while TIMP4 was associated with an increased risk (OR = 1.169, 95% CI: 1.103–1.241, p = 1.956E‐07). Colocalization analysis supported a shared genetic basis for these protein‐acne associations, with posterior probabilities indicating strong evidence of shared causal variants.ConclusionOur findings highlight the utility of integrative genomic approaches in identifying potential therapeutic targets for acne. FASN and TIMP4, in particular, demonstrate strong potential as targets for therapeutic intervention, pending further validation through clinical research. These results offer a foundation for targeted acne treatment development, aligning with personalized medicine principles.
High photosynthesis rates in Brassiceae species are mediated by leaf anatomy enabling high biochemical capacity, rapid CO2 diffusion and efficient light use
Authors: Retta Moges A. , Van Doorselaer Leen , Driever Steven M. , Yin Xinyou , de Ruijter Norbert C. A. , Verboven Pieter , Nicolaï Bart M. , Struik Paul C. 
Published: September 2024

Summary

Certain species in the Brassicaceae family exhibit high photosynthesis rates, potentially providing a valuable route toward improving agricultural productivity. However, factors contributing to their high photosynthesis rates are still unknown.

We compared Hirschfeldia incana, Brassica nigra, Brassica rapa and Arabidopsis thaliana, grown under two contrasting light intensities.

Hirschfeldia incana matched B. nigra and B. rapa in achieving very high photosynthesis rates under high growth‐light condition, outperforming A. thaliana. Photosynthesis was relatively more limited by maximum photosynthesis capacity in H. incana and B. rapa and by mesophyll conductance in A. thaliana and B. nigra. Leaf traits such as greater exposed mesophyll specific surface enabled by thicker leaf or high‐density small palisade cells contributed to the variation in mesophyll conductance among the species. The species exhibited contrasting leaf construction strategies and acclimation responses to low light intensity. High‐light plants distributed Chl deeper in leaf tissue, ensuring even distribution of photosynthesis capacity, unlike low‐light plants.

Leaf anatomy of H. incana, B. nigra and B. rapa facilitated effective CO2 diffusion, efficient light use and provided ample volume for their high maximum photosynthetic capacity, indicating that a combination of adaptations is required to increase CO2‐assimilation rates in plants.
Primary care practitioner and patient perspectives on care following bariatric surgery: A meta‐synthesis of qualitative research
Authors: Badorrek Sally , Franklin Janet , McBride Kate A. , Conway Laura , Williams Kathryn 
Published: September 2024

SummaryPrimary care is central to ongoing health care following bariatric surgery and patients indicate a preference for receiving follow‐up support by their primary care practitioner (PCP). This meta‐synthesis investigates the perspectives of both PCPs and patients in post‐bariatric surgery care provided by PCPs. The aim was to synthesize themes from qualitative research to recommend improvements in post‐bariatric surgery clinical care in primary care settings. Systematic searches of Scopus, Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar resulted in the inclusion of eight papers in the meta‐synthesis. Papers were critiqued using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) and thematically coded in Quirkos Cloud. Seven themes were reached by author consensus including stigma and judgment; clinician barriers and facilitators; patient‐related support needs; communication considerations; patient context or determinants; health care setting; and adapting to life after surgery. PCPs reported barriers including poor communication and guidance from bariatric surgery centers, limited knowledge and training in bariatric patient care, and patients who may have unrealistic outcomes and poor health literacy. Patients seek comprehensive care from their PCP, however, barriers hindering the provision of this care include adverse surgical outcomes, a poor relationship with their PCP, and limited and short‐term follow‐up care from the PCP. Insights from this meta‐synthesis offer actionable recommendations for PCPs and bariatric surgery centers to enhance patient care immediately.
Enhancing Measurement Precision in the Ms. Olsen Test of Clinical Competence: Further Examinations
Authors: Bing‐Jonsson Pia Cecilie , Svendsen Lene , Boman Erika , Eiken Guro‐Marie , Melin Jeanette 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimThis paper aims to report on two modifications made to improve the measurement precision of the Ms. Olsen test. Specifically, three items were added to the Ms. Olsen test and an extended scoring was applied to some items.DesignThe competence assessment had a quantitative cross‐sectional design comprising of test results from 111 Registered Nurses in four municipalities in South‐Eastern Norway.MethodsThe Rasch model was applied to evaluate the measurement properties in four versions: the Ms. Olsen test with 19 items and the same with three added items, and the Ms. Olsen test with 19 items with an expanded scoring for the original and expanded version, respectively.ResultsThe person separation indexes were improved from 0.50 to 0.62. Other measurement properties were not alternating between the four versions; all had shortcomings in terms of targeting (person measure means 3.02–3.87) and unidimensionality (% t‐test >5% 9.01%–13.51%).ConclusionThe clinical relevance and relatively short time spent on testing makes the Ms. Olsen test a reasonable choice and a step in the right direction for assessing competence as a means of targeting continuous professional development of nurses throughout their career. Nevertheless, depending on what kind of decisions are to be made, reliability might still be too low and further development is suggested.Public ContributionThe initiative for the competence assessment came from nursing leaders in the four municipalities involved. The municipalities were represented in all stages of the research process through co‐author LS, that is, design, data collection, data analysis, writing of the manuscript as well as dissemination of the results to the four municipalities.Implications for PracticeThe Ms. Olsen test exemplifies a move towards objective assessments in nursing. Precise and reliable measurements are essential to support the ongoing professional development of nurses.