bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Health Quality Assessment in Different Regions of Russian Federation
Authors: Baybarina E. N. , Baranov A. A. , Namazova-Baranova L. S. , Piskunova S. G. , Besedina E. A. , Sadovshikova A. N. , Yuldashev O. R. , Mukhortova S. A. , Artemova I. А. , Chernikov V. V. , Kharkin A. V. , Chistyakova E. G. , Vologdina E. L. , Kaputskaya T. N. , Kiripova R. F. 
Published: July 2016

Background: The quality of pediatric healthcare is a cornerstone for good maternal and infant health. Aims: To evaluate the quality of healthcare in secondary and tertiary regional pediatric hospitals in the Russian Federation.Methods: Healthcare quality assessment was performed in 21 pediatric hospitals (tertiary, n=5; secondary, n=16) of four regions. The WHO recommendations were used. Results: In all regions, similar traits of inpatient pediatric healthcare determining a poor quality were observed. These included low preparedness for emergent care at admission departments; a high rate of unjustified hospitalization due to lack of clear indications for inpatient care; a widespread polypharmacy and unnecessary painful procedures and treatment; inadequate unjustified antimicrobial and parenteral therapy. Conclusions: The revealed identity of problems in different regions of the country allows to consider a common strategy to overcome them, which, obviously, should primarily involve education of medical personnel, restructuring of hospital beds to increase day care beds, increasing the clinical expert work in hospitals.
Palynological Studies of the Genus <em>Convolvulus</em> L. (Convolvulaceae) from Turkey
Authors: Tekin Mehmet , Yilmaz Gulden 
Published: July 2016

Pollen morphology of six taxa of the genus Convolvulus (Convolvulus assyricus , C. betonicifolius subsp. betonicifolius, C. cataonicus, C. galaticus, C. lineatus, and C. pseudoscammoni, provided by Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Science Herbarium (CUFH) (Sivas-Turkey) were investigated. Three of these taxa, C. assyricus, C. cataonicus, and C. pseudoscammonia, are endemic to Turkey. Pollen grains were prepared by the method of Wodehouse and evaluated mainly for four diagnostic characteristics: pollen type, pollen shape, apertureties, and ornamentation. Following the measurements and observations, pollen grains were photographed under an optical and a scanning electron microscope. The pollen grains of the examined taxa are all 3-zonocolpate. The pollen shape is oblate, suboblate, oblate spheroidal or prolate spheroidal. The nexine is thinner than the sexine or equal, and the tectum is reticulated and rarely or densely perforated in all species except C. pseudoscammonia. Colpus borders and tapering ends are distinct and the colpus area is gemmate and granulate in all examined species
Cystatin C in healthy middle-aged adults: A relationship with anthropometric and cardiometabolic parameters
Authors: Jovanovic Milovan , Kavaric Nebojsa , Gligorovic-Barhanovic Najdana , Skerovic Verica , Klisic Aleksandra 
Published: July 2016

Introduction: Data suggesting that cystatin C levels are linked to obesity, apart from renal pathology, are conflicting. The aim of the study was to explore the potential association between serum cystatin C levels, anthropometric, and cardiometabolic parameters in healthy middle-aged adults.Methods: A total of 132 participants (mean age 56.2 ± 6.73 years, 69% females) were included in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters, as well as blood pressure, were obtained.Results: Obese participants displayed higher cystatin C levels than normal-weight participants (p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that waist circumference (WC) (Beta = 0.376, p < 0.001) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (Beta = -0.484, p < 0.001) were independently associated with cystatin C levels (R2 = 0.447; p < 0.001).Conclusions: Cystatin C is associated with abdominal obesity independent of renal function. Its relationship with changes in other target organs should be determined.
Cultura inconsciente, proceso de cholificación e informalidad urbana en el Perú
Authors: Bonino Italo , Nieves J. 
Published: July 2016

Los estudios iniciados por el filósofo John Locke sostienen que la cultura es fundamentalmenteinconsciente. Es incontrovertible que el comportamiento es totalmente aprendido; biológica ogenéticamente heredamos solamente potencialidades, facultades, predisposiciones, etc., pero queno son determinantes en nuestra conducta.Por analogía con la tesis del psicólogo Karl Gustav Young sobre los arquetipos del inconscientecolectivo, la cultura es también inconsciente. Sus pautas o normas se internalizan con el procesode culturización y se reflejan en “áreas culturales”, en la “transculturación” y “adaptación cultural”,que implican abandono gradual de los propios sistemas de valores y creencias y la adquisición deotros nuevos, a los que tratamos de adaptarnos.En países multiétnicos como el nuestro, los procesos migratorios, principalmente del ande a lasciudades, producen un conjunto de progresivos cambios de conducta, que han sido llamadosde “cholificación”, manifestados, por ejemplo, en desadaptaciones, ambivalencias, pérdida devalores y su reemplazo por otros, además de una especie de rechazo a la normatividad occidental,que se la puede denominar “informalidad”. Este hecho ha suscitado rechazos geográficos,desprecio y la utilización de adjetivos racistas como “indio”, “cholo”, “ignorante”, “serrano”,etc. La informalidad solo puede tener un contenido educacional, pero como “dificultades deaculturación del cholo”. Dicha conducta es también atribuible a los “negritos del callao o de laVictoria en Lima”, pero ella va paralela a la “criollización” (desde la colonia, “viveza” atribuida ahijos de españoles nacidos en el Perú). Ambas, “cholificación” y “criollización”, han conformadouna “subcultura inconsciente de informalidad”, que se extiende cada vez más a otros sectorescitadinos (incluso parlamentarios “come pollo”, “roba agua”, “por la plata…”, etc.).Rechazamos de plano que el proceso de “cholificación” e informalidad sea consecuencia delorigen étnico de pobladores andinos, amazónicos o afroperuanos. Más bien, dichas minoríasnacionales proporcionan una importante reserva espiritual para los peruanos. La solución va porla educación, en todos sus niveles y variantes, para algún día enorgullecernos de comportamientosdignos de imitar, como el “ama sua, ama qella, ama llulla”, etc., que nada envidian a lapuntualidad del inglés, la disciplina del alemán, la paciencia del oriental, la voluntad de trabajo del norteamericano y la alegría del africano.Palabras clave: transculturización, multiétnico, cholificación, criollización.
Lack of Independent Association Between Fatty Pancreas and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: 5-Year Japanese Cohort Study
Authors: Yamazaki Hajime , Tsuboya Toru , Katanuma Akio , Kodama Yoshihisa , Tauchi Shinichi , Dohke Mitsuru , Maguchi Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2016

OBJECTIVE
Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that attenuation in the pancreas seen on unenhanced computed tomography (CT) scans was inversely correlated with histologic pancreatic fat, and that fatty pancreas was associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, no longitudinal study has evaluated whether fatty pancreas increases the incidence of T2DM. We conducted a cohort study to investigate the association between fatty pancreas and the incidence of T2DM.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 813 participants without diabetes underwent health checks by unenhanced CT scanning in 2008 and 2009, and were observed for a median follow-up period of 5.06 (interquartile range 3.01–5.92) years. Attenuation in three regions of the pancreas seen on an unenhanced CT scan was measured, and the mean pancreatic attenuation was calculated to evaluate fatty pancreas at baseline; the more severe the fatty pancreas, the lower the mean pancreatic attenuation. The incident T2DM hazard ratios (HRs) for the association between fatty pancreas and T2DM incidence were estimated by Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, BMI, liver attenuation seen on unenhanced CT scan, and alcohol intake of ≥20 g/day.

RESULTS
T2DM occurred in 62 participants (7.6%) during the follow-up period. The higher pancreas attenuation (i.e., less pancreatic fat) at baseline was associated with decreased T2DM incidence in a univariate analysis (crude HR 0.97 [95% CI 0.96–0.99]); and fatty pancreas (lower pancreas attenuation) was positively associated with increased T2DM incidence. However, the association was substantially explained by the confounders (multivariate HR 1.00 [95% CI 0.98–1.02]).

CONCLUSIONS
Fatty pancreas was not independently associated with future T2DM.
An Evaluation of Recurrent Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Fragmentation of Care, and Mortality Across Chicago, Illinois
Authors: Mays James A. , Jackson Kathryn L. , Derby Teresa A. , Behrens Jess J. , Goel Satyender , Molitch Mark E. , Kho Abel N. , Wallia Amisha 
Published: July 2016

OBJECTIVE
A portion of patients with diabetes are repeatedly hospitalized for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), termed recurrent DKA, which is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. This study evaluated recurrent DKA, fragmentation of care, and mortality throughout six institutions in the Chicago area.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A deidentified Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act–compliant data set from six institutions (HealthLNK) was used to identify 3,615 patients with DKA (ICD-9 250.1x) from 2006 to 2012, representing 5,591 inpatient admissions for DKA. Demographic and clinical data were queried. Recurrence was defined as more than one DKA episode, and fragmentation of health care was defined as admission at more than one site.

RESULTS
Of the 3,615 patients, 780 (21.6%) had recurrent DKA. Patients with four or more DKAs (n = 211) represented 5.8% of the total DKA group but accounted for 26.3% (n = 1,470) of the encounters. Of the 780 recurrent patients, 125 (16%) were hospitalized at more than one hospital. These patients were more likely to recur (odds ratio [OR] 2.96; 95% CI 1.99, 4.39; P &lt; 0.0001) and had an average of 1.88-times the encounters than nonfragmented patients. Although only 13.6% of patients died of any cause during the study period, odds of death increased with age (OR 1.06; 95% CI 1.05, 1.07; P &lt; 0.001) and number of DKA encounters (OR 1.28; 95% CI 1.04, 1.58; P = 0.02) after adjustment for age, sex, insurance, race, fragmentation, and DKA visit count. This study was limited by lack of medical record–level data, including comorbidities without ICD-9 codes.

CONCLUSIONS
Recurrent DKA was common and associated with increased fragmentation of health care and increased mortality. Further research is needed on potential interventions in this unique population.
Introducing Interprofessional Education to Foster Patient Centred Health Care : A Quasi Experimental Experience in Bangladesh
Authors: Talukder Md Humayun Kabir , Nuruzzaman Md , Nargis Tahmina 
Published: July 2016

Introduction: Interprofessional education is considered to be an innovative and useful concept to accelerate the effort of transforming health professional education under health systems perspective. Generally Interprofessional Education (IPE) occurs when two or more professionals belong to different professional groups learn together through mutual interaction with the purpose to improve collaboration and the quality of care. The key for IPE is that the learning must be interactive. It is an important step in advancing health professional education for many years and has been endorsed by the Institute of Medicine as a mechanism to improve the overall quality of health care.Methods: Realizing the importance of IPE, a quasi experimental study was undertaken and conducted in Bangladesh in May 2014. Sample size was 32 out of which 15 teachers (Such as Professor, Associate Professor, Assistant Professor, Lecturer and Instructor) and 17 students of medical, dental, nursing, medical technology and allied health science institutes. All the participants voluntarily attended 5 sessions on basic concept on IPE, role delineation, communication, teamwork & team building and patient centered care followed by group work and group activities within three consecutive days. After those 5 sessions, views of the participants were sought through self administered structured questionnaire after data entry and analysis.Results: According to the study, 100% participants viewed that medical, dental, nursing, and medical technologists should have few common sessions in their student life while about 90.7% respondents opined that those sessions will develop positive relationship among them, which will help to feel and honor each others professional responsibilities viewed by all the respondents. It was also revealed that 96.9% respondents viewed that IPE sessions in student life will help to reduce silos in professional life. Better team work among doctors, nurses and medical technologists will ensure patient centered better health care was viewed by 100% respondents. Study recommended introducing IPE in Bangladesh to foster patient centered health care.Conclusion and Recommendation: The study concluded with recommendation that specific sessions for IPE should be incorporate in the under graduate education curriculum of the health professionals during their academic period and also during in- service period at workplace as part of their professional development to promote quality of care.Chatt Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.15 (1); Jan 2016; Page 3-7
Indoor Biomass Fuel Smoke Exposure as a Risk Factor for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) for Women of Rural Bangladesh
Authors: Biswas Rajat Sanker Roy , Paul Sujat , Rahaman Md Ridwanur , Sayeed Md Abu , Hoque Mohammed Gofranul , Hossain Md Amir , Hassan Md Mahtab Uddin , Faiz MA 
Published: July 2016

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is of public health importance. Indoor biomass (wood, cowdung etc) smoke exposure from cooking is associated with respiratory conditions and may predispose to COPD. The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of biomass smoke exposure and COPD.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at a rural setting of Bangladesh. Rural women over 40 years and exposed to biomass fuel, liquid petroleum gas or natural gas smoke were evaluated using a questionnaire and their lung function was assessed using a portable spirometry.Results: The overall prevalence of COPD in the rural women was 20.4%. It was significantly higher in women using biomass fuel for cooking than in those using natural gas/LPG (p<0.001). Biomass smoke exposure was found significantly associated with COPD (OR= 3.385, CI=1.60-7.13, p<0.05). Lung function was significantly reduced (p<0.05) among women who were using biomass than those using natural gas/LPG.Conclusion: Biomass fuel smoke exposure is a risk factor for development of COPD.Chatt Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.15 (1); Jan 2016; Page 8-11
A Comparative Study of Efficacy and Safety Between Tamsulosin and Terazosin in the Treatment of Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Khan Sakhawat Mahmud , Khan Md Matiar Rahaman , Akhter Shahin , Rahman Md Mizanur 
Published: July 2016

Background: Lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) are a very common disease in elderly men .The incidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia is age related.Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of Tamsulosin and Terazosin in the treatment of symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.Methods: This was a prospective study carried out in the Department of Urology, Chittagong Medial College Hospital, Chittagong, Bangladesh during the period of July to December 2014. Total 40 patients of 45-80 years of age were consequently selected according to inclusion criteria. After completion of baseline clinical evaluation and investigations, participants were divided into two groups, group A and group B. Group A (n=20) was given Terazosin 1mg daily for 3 days at bed time and then 2 mg daily at bed time for 2 months. Group B (n=20) was given Tamsulosin, 0.4 mg per day for 2 months. Efficacy was evaluated of each group after 2 month follow up and lastly a comparison was made between them. The parameters monitored were International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) Maximum urine flow rate (Qmax) and Post Voidal Residual Volume (PVR). Tamsulosin 0.4 mg and Terazosin 2 mg once daily for 8 weeks both are effective in relieving symptoms of BPH but Tamsulosin is superior to Terazosin in improvement of total IPSS (p<0.001) and Qmax (p<0.01) PVR (p<0.01) at the end point.Results: Outcome of parameters at follow up after 2 months. Tamsulosin group showed significant improvement of IPSS (p<0.05) PVR (p<0.001) and Qmax (p<0.001) than Terazosin. The incidence of adverse events by administration of Tamsulosin was less than that by Terazosin.Conclusion: Tamsulosin appears to have more efficacy and safety than Terazosin in symptomatic BPH.Chatt Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.15 (1); Jan 2016; Page 17-21
Prevalence of Extended Spectrum b-Lactamases (ESBL) Producers Among Gram-Negative Bacilli in Wound Infection
Authors: Karim Chowdhury Abu Hena Md Saiful , Husain Md Anwar , Akter Nasima , Alam Khan Mashrequl , Dewanjee Arup Kanti , Ahmed Shakeel , Hossain Zakir , Rahman Arifur , Naheen Towhida , Mazed Md Abdul , Biswas Sanjoy Kanti , Hoque Md Ehsanul 
Published: July 2016

Background: Extended Spectrum b -Lactameses Producing Organisms (ESBLs) are increasing in number and causing more severe infections because of their continuous mutation and multidrug resistance property with limited therapeutic option.Aims and Objectives: Present study was undertaken to detect the prevalence of the ESBLs producing bacteria in wound infection, so as to provide a base line data in treating them & prevent unnecessary use of antibioticsMethods: Isolated gram-negative bacteria initially screened by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) ESBLs breakpoints. Then suspected ESBLs producers were confirmed by Phenotypic confirmatory test. Results: 105 (One hundred five) (91.30%) bacterial strains were isolated from 115 samples of wound swab & pus from different patients were studied of which 84(80.00%) were Gram-negative and 21(20.00%) were Gram-positive. Among the isolated Gram-negative bacteria 79(94.05%) were found suspected ESBLs producers of which 54(68.35%) were found as confirmed ESBL producers. The prevalence of ESBLs producing organisms in the present study were found to be 64.29% and Klebsiella spp as most prevalent ESBLs producers.Conclusion: It is essential to report ESBL production along with routine sensitivity reporting, which will help the clinician in prescribing the proper antibiotics.Chatt Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.15 (1); Jan 2016; Page 26-30
The Prevalence of Computer Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Bankers of Dhaka City
Authors: Amin Md Ruhul , Hossain Sarder Mahmud , Eusufzai Sumaiya Zabin , Barua Sunam Kumar , Jamayet Nafij Bin 
Published: July 2016

Introduction: Bangladesh is a developing country and the industrialization process is also getting momentum. Due to rapid industrialization and mechanization, use every day more people are coming in contact with the information technology, consequently computer use which may enhance sufferings of people by causing musculoskeletal disorders.Objective: to find out among bankers (a) the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorder and (b) the association between musculoskeletal pain and computer use.Methods: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted to see the pattern of musculoskeletal disorders among the computer users in three selected banks of Dhaka city with a sample of 400.Results: More than half of the respondents (59.8%) were married, more than two-third (69.2%) was male. Majority of the respondents (58.25% and 33.0%) belonged to the level of education was graduate and post graduate. Statistically significant association found between duration of computer used in years and severity of pain. (P- Value was 0.019).Conclusion: A high proportion of Bangladeshi computer users among bankers reported musculoskeletal disorder at some body site in their occupational lives with the neck and back being injured most often. Education program on prevention and coping strategies for musculoskeletal disorders are recommended for computer users in order to reduce the rate of occupational hazards.Chatt Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.15 (1); Jan 2016; Page 40-44
Postobturation Pain in Asymptomatic Non Vital Single Rooted Maxillary Teeth Following Single and Two Visit Root Canal Treatment
Authors: Jabeen Salma , Khurshiduzzaman - 
Published: July 2016

Objectives : The purpose of the present study was to asses the incidence and severity of pain after single and two visit Root Canal Treatment ( RCT ) / endodontic treatment in asymptomatic non vital single rooted maxillary teeth.Methods : Eighty one cases of endodontically involved asymptomatic, non vital, single rooted maxillary teeth without evidence of periapical radiolucency in radiograph were selected for this study. The patient were divided into two treatment group. In single visit group, all teeth were prepared and filled using the standardized preparation and lateral condensation filling technique. In the two visit treatment group, at the first appointment, the teeth were prepared and dressed with calcium hydroxide paste for 7 days. At the second appointment, the teeth were prepared and obturated by using lateral condensation technique. The frequency of post obturation pain was recorded as no pain, slight/ mild, moderate and severe pain and evaluated at the day 1 and at the day 7 after obturation. The data were analyzed statistically by using SPSS version 16. p-value <0.05 was taken as significant.Results : No significant difference in post obtuation pain was found in between single and two visit RCT in maxillary teeth. At the day 1 and 7 after obturation, single visit (n= 41) group and two visit (n=40) group similarly experienced moderate pain (2.5% and 1.1% respectively in both group). At day 1 and 7 after obturation, mild pain is more in single visit than two visit group. However, there was no statistically significant difference in pain between the two groups. No one experienced severe pain in two groups.Conclusion: The incidence and severity of post obturation pain did not differ between single and two visit RCT in asymptomatic non vital single rooted maxillary teeth.Chatt Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.15 (1); Jan 2016; Page 45-48
Adolescent Pregnancy: Risk Factors, Outcome and Prevention
Authors: Papri Fahmida Shirin , Khanam Zubaida , Ara Sarwat , Panna Morsheda Begum 
Published: July 2016

Adolescent pregnancy, which is detrimental to the health of mother and child, is a common public health problem worldwide. It is one of the key issues concerning reproductive health of women not only in developing countries but also in developed countries. There is growing awareness that early child bearing has multiple consequences in terms of maternal health, child health and over all well-being of the society. The purpose of the article is to review current trends and issues on adolescent pregnancy to update the practitioners. The readers are provided with more recent data on adolescent sexuality, child bearing as well as suggestions for addressing the challenges of teenage pregnancy.Chatt Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.15 (1); Jan 2016; Page 53-56