bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contraceptive practices of women with epilepsy: Findings of the epilepsy birth control registry
Authors: Herzog Andrew G. , Mandle Hannah B. , Cahill Kaitlyn E. , Fowler Kristen M. , Hauser W. Allen , Davis Anne R. 
Published: February 2016

SummaryObjectiveTo report the contraceptive practices of women with epilepsy (WWE) in the community, predictors of highly effective contraception use, and reasons WWE provide for the selection of a particular method.MethodsThese cross‐sectional data come from the Epilepsy Birth Control Registry (EBCR) web‐based survey regarding the contraceptive practices of 1,144 WWE in the community, ages 18–47 years. We report demographic, epilepsy, and antiepileptic drug (AED) characteristics as well as contraceptive use. We determined the frequency of use of highly effective contraception use, that is, methods with failure rate <10%/year, and conducted binary logistic regression analysis to determine predictors of highly effective contraception use. We report frequencies of WWE who consult various health care providers regarding the selection of a method and the reasons cited for selection.ResultsOf the 796 WWE at risk of unintended pregnancy, 69.7% use what is generally considered to be highly effective contraception (hormonal, intrauterine device [IUD], tubal, vasectomy). Efficacy in WWE, especially for the 46.6% who use hormonal contraception, remains to be proven. Significant predictors of highly effective contraception use are insurance (insured 71.6% vs. noninsured 56.0%), race/ethnicity (Caucasian 71.3% vs. minority 51.0%), and age (38–47, 77.5%; 28–37, 71.8%; 18–27, 67.0%). Of the 87.2% who have a neurologist, only 25.4% consult them regarding selection of a method, although AED interaction is cited as the top reason for selection.SignificanceThe EBCR web‐based survey is the first large‐scale study of the contraceptive practices of WWE in the community. The findings suggest a need for the development of evidence‐based guidelines that address the efficacy and safety of contraceptive methods in this special population, and for greater discourse between neurologists and WWE regarding contraception.
The Impact of the 2011 Short‐Sale Ban on Financial Stability: Evidence from the Spanish Stock Market
Authors: Arce Óscar , Mayordomo Sergio 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTWe examine the effect of the 2011 short‐selling ban on Spanish stocks on the financial sector's risk level. Before the ban, short positions were positive and significantly related to several indicators of bank default risk. Subsequently, the ban moderated the risk of banking institutions, especially those more exposed to short‐seller activity, which, on average, showed higher levels of maturity mismatch, uncertainty about their fundamentals, and exposure to sovereign risk. The ban also caused a side effect on non‐financial firms, since it led to an increase in their exposure to short sales, reflecting the existence of a common aggregate risk factor.
Fracture toughness of the interface between Ni–Cr/ceramic, alumina/ceramic and zirconia/ceramic systems
Authors: Porto C. P. S. , Parente M. P. L. , Jorge R. M. N. , Pereira L. C. , Griza S. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractFew studies have focused on the interface fracture performance of bi‐layered structures, which have an important role in dental restorations, using ceramic materials. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the fracture mechanics performance of the Ni–Cr/ceramic, alumina/ceramic and zirconia/ceramic interfaces by investigating the propagation of an interfacial crack under a wide range of mode mixities. The effect of the mechanical properties of the base materials and the interface, on the crack initiation and crack path, will also be studied. The finite element method (FEM) was used to calibrate the production of the experimental specimens, allowing to obtain the minimum dimensions and amounts of material needed to correctly characterize the fracture event. The specimens were tested until failure using a three‐point bending test machine. The interface fracture parameters were obtained using the FEM. For all specimens, the cracks propagated into the ceramic. The results suggest that, in Ni–Cr/ceramic, alumina/ceramic and zirconia/ceramic bi‐layered structures, the ceramic is weaker than the interface, which can be used to explain the clinical phenomenon that the ceramic chipping rate is larger than interface delamination rate. Consequently, a ceramic material with a larger fracture toughness is needed to decrease the failure rate of ceramic restorations.
Recreational fisheries data requirements for monitoring catch shares
Authors: Ryan K. L. , Trinnie F. I. , Jones R. , Hart A. M. , Wise B. S. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractCatch sharing among fishing sectors requires credible data for decision‐making, allocation and management. Integrated Fisheries Management in Western Australia formally allocates allowable catch for Western Rock Lobster (WRL) (Panulirus cygnus) with 95% commercial and 5% recreational; Roe's abalone (Haliotis roei) with 36 t commercial and 40 t recreational; and West Coast Demersal Scalefish (WCDS) with 64% commercial and 36% recreational. While commercial catch is obtained from statutory returns, estimates of recreational catches from surveys depend upon spatial and temporal scales of the resource and fishing activity. WRL is a single‐species, licensed recreational fishery operating across large spatial and temporal scales. Mail surveys supplemented with occasional phone‐recall surveys provide cost‐effective monitoring. Roe's abalone is a single‐species, licensed recreational fishery operating over restricted spatial and temporal scales appropriate for aerial‐access surveys. The WCDS recreational fishery targets multiple species across large spatial and temporal scales. The introduction of charter logbooks and a Recreational Fishing from Boat Licence has provided the basis for monitoring charter and private boat‐based recreational fishing. Monitoring allocations is ongoing, with routine surveys required to provide catch estimates with a known confidence. This study highlights the application and importance of surveys in providing timely and accurate data for formal catch sharing.
From quantity to quality: understanding slow fashion consumers for sustainability and consumer education
Authors: Jung Sojin , Jin Byoungho 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThere is a growing interest in slow fashion, a production method which emphasizes quality as a way of achieving sustainability in the fashion industry. In order to develop a sophisticated and targeted marketing strategy, this study aimed to identify potential slow fashion consumer segments and understand their characteristics. The final 221 completed responses from a sample of nationwide U.S. consumers were analyzed by cluster analysis. Based on consumer orientation to slow fashion, four consumer groups were identified: Highly‐involved in slow fashion group, Conventional group, Exclusivity oriented group and Low‐involved in slow fashion group. The characteristics of each group were profiled according to personal values, apparel consumption behaviours and demographics. With distinctive profiles of each group, different marketing strategies were suggested to address the needs of each group effectively. This study extends academic understanding of slow fashion in consumer perspectives, and provides important perspectives for consumer education on apparel consumption.
Possible adducts formed between hydroxymethylfurfural and selected amino acids, and their release in simulated gastric model
Authors: Zou Yueyu , Pei Kehan , Peng Xichun , Bai Weibin , Huang Caihuan , Ou Shiyi 
Published: February 2016

SummaryThis work aimed to investigate the reactivity of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) with selected amino acids, to identify the produced adducts and to clarify whether or not the adducts release HMF after their digestion under gastric conditions. Results showed that cysteine, glycine and lysine can deplete the added HMF, and their reactivity increased with increasing pH and temperature. Cysteine (25 μmol mL−1) depleted 91.0% of the added HMF (315.3 μg mL−1) at 40 °C in 15 min, lysine did not eliminate HMF until 80 °C, and glycine started to eliminate HMF at 100 °C. Four adducts for cysteine, three adducts for lysine and only one adduct for glycine were identified through HPLC–MS–MS after they reacted with HMF. The adducts formed from the reaction mixture of cysteine, lysine and glycine with HMF only released 1.7%, 2.6% and 10.5% of eliminated HMF, respectively, after their digestion in simulated gastric conditions.
Clinical research activity in periodontal medicine: a systematic mapping of trial registers
Authors: Monsarrat Paul , Blaizot Alessandra , Kémoun Philippe , Ravaud Philippe , Nabet Cathy , Sixou Michel , Vergnes Jean‐Noel 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAimThe primary aim of the study was to systematically map registration records on periodontal medicine in clinical trial registers. The secondary aim was to assess the evolution of periodontal medicine in clinical periodontal research as a whole.Material and MethodsWe searched all registration records related to periodontology in the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. For registration records classified in the field of periodontal medicine, we assigned the 2015 MeSH® term for the most precisely corresponding systemic condition.ResultsFifty‐seven systemic conditions have been hypothesized to be linked with periodontal diseases, covering nearly 2% of the diseases indexed in MeSH. In addition to diabetes, cardiovascular disease or preterm birth, other systemic conditions have been the subject of registration records, such as anaemia, liver diseases, dyspepsia or ankylosing spondylitis. A trend towards increasing diversification of systemic conditions has appeared over time. About a third of registration records in clinical periodontal research deals with periodontal medicine.ConclusionsPeriodontal medicine now constitutes an important part of clinical periodontal research. Research activity in periodontal medicine has grown continuously since the early 2000s, and exploration of registers gives a useful up‐to‐date snapshot of this constantly evolving field of research.
The efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: a systemic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Y.‐T. , Tu W.‐T. , Lee W.‐R. , Huang Y.‐C. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundDermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare and locally aggressive tumour, with a high recurrence rate, even after complete surgical excision. Adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) has been suggested to reduce the risk of local recurrence after inadequate surgical resection in patients with narrow or positive surgical margins. However, the overall efficacy of adjuvant RT has not been well studied because of the rarity of DFSP and lack of an appropriate comparison group.ObjectiveWe sought to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant RT for DFSP by conducting a systemic review and meta‐analysis to provide a more evidence‐based measure of its effectiveness.MethodsWe conducted a systemic review of articles published before 31 June 2015. Due to the rarity of the disease, we included all studies that reported DFSP patients who received adjuvant RT (postoperatively). The pooled recurrence rates were analysed from these extracted data.ResultsTwelve studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled estimate of the recurrence rate for all adjuvant radiotherapy was 11.74% (95% CI 7.4–17.38; n = 167). Patients with positive/close had a pooled recurrence rate of 14.23% (95% CI 8.13–22.49; n = 92), whereas there was no recurrence in patients with negative margins. The pooled estimate of the recurrence rate between surgery alone and surgery combined with adjuvant radiotherapy showed no significant difference (odds ratio 0.31, P = 0.07), although there was a trend that adjuvant RT had a lower recurrence rate than surgery alone.ConclusionAdjuvant RT might be considered for all patients undergoing surgical excision, even if a negative surgical margin has been achieved. Furthermore, for patients with large or recurrent tumours, especially when wide excision with negative margin would result in a significant functional or cosmetic deficit, postoperative radiotherapy is highly recommended in order to achieve a lower recurrence rate.
A three‐year follow‐up of a nurse‐led multidisciplinary pulmonary rehabilitation programme in primary health care: a quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Zakrisson Ann‐Britt , Hiyoshi Ayako , Theander Kersti 
Published: February 2016

Aims and objectivesTo investigate the effects of a nurse‐led multidisciplinary pulmonary rehabilitation programme conducted in primary health care on functional capacity, quality of life and exacerbation frequency over three years among patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.BackgroundAlthough Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is a chronic respiratory disease, it has been established that pulmonary rehabilitation has positive effects on patients' everyday functioning. However, the duration of these functional improvements, especially when the rehabilitation programmes are provided in primary health care settings, remains to be established.DesignA quasi‐experimental design.MethodPrimary health care patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (GOLD stages II and III) were included; 49 in the intervention group and 54 in the control group. The intervention comprised a six‐week pulmonary rehabilitation programme. Functional capacity was assessed using a six‐minute walking test and quality of life by the Clinical COPD Questionnaire at baseline, after one year and three years. Exacerbation frequency was calculated from one year before to three years after the programme.ResultsNo significant differences between the groups were observed in the six‐minute walking‐test or the Clinical COPD Questionnaire after one year and three years. On average, there were significant improvements in the six‐minute walking‐test and the Clinical COPD Questionnaire from baseline to the one‐year follow‐up. Exacerbation frequency tended to decrease in the intervention group and increase in the control group (interaction test was p = 0·091) but increased again in both groups after three years.ConclusionThere was no evidence of the benefit of the nurse‐led multidisciplinary pulmonary rehabilitation programme, although the exacerbation frequency tended to decrease in the intervention group after one year. There is a need for support and coaching at regular follow‐ups in primary health care.Relevance to clinical practiceThere is a need to support and coach patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in primary health care by means of regular follow‐ups.
Understanding the experience of adult daughters caring for an ageing parent, a qualitative study
Authors: Lopez Hartmann Maja , Anthierens Sibyl , Van Assche Elisa , Welvaert Joanna , Verhoeven Véronique , Wens Johan , Remmen Roy 
Published: February 2016

Aims and objectivesThe objective of this study is to describe how adult daughters experience caring for a frail older parent at home.BackgroundIn the near future the ageing of the population will have a major impact on the demand for formal and informal long‐term care. Relatives, especially spouses and adult children are the main providers of informal care.DesignQualitative research methodology was used to study the experience of adult daughters caring for their frail older parents. A phenomenological research perspective was used to better understand the daily experiences of caring for an ageing parent.MethodsData were collected using open‐ended interviews. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were subject to thematic analysis.ResultsEleven women between 40–70 years of age participated in this study. Inductive coding of the interview data led to four main themes: being a caregiver as a natural process in life, the perception and consequences of caregiving activities, sharing care and finding a good balance between caring for an ageing parent and other responsibilities. Caregiving activities could be divided into visible and invisible activities and generated different feelings. The visible activities were more easily shared with other family members and professionals than the invisible ones. The women who struggled the most and tended to have a higher level of burden were those who experienced less support from their family.ConclusionsThis study provided more insight into the experiences women have when caring for a parent. Supporting family networks that help in both visible and invisible activities may prevent overburden.Relevance to clinical practiceConsumer‐led care and the active participation of the informal caregiver in the decision‐making process for building the care plan need to become more prominent.
Effects of Co‐stocking Smallmouth Buffalo, Ictiobus bubalus, with Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus
Authors: Mischke Charles C. , Griffin Matt J. , Wise David J. , Greenway Terrence E. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractProliferative gill disease (PGD) in catfish is caused by the myxozoan Henneguya ictaluri. The complex life cycle requires Dero digitata as the oligochaete host. Efforts to control PGD by eradicating D. digitata have been unsuccessful. Smallmouth buffalo, Ictiobus bubalus, (SMB) are opportunistic bottom feeders and a putative option for controlling D. digitata. In 2011, 15 ponds (0.4 ha) were stocked with 5000 channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus; 7 of these 15 ponds were also stocked with 300 SMB fingerlings. There were no differences in benthic invertebrate numbers or water quality variables between ponds with or without SMB. At harvest, there were no differences in percent survival, total weight, or catfish feed conversion ratio. In the second year, 18 ponds (0.4 ha) were stocked with 6000 channel catfish. Half the ponds were also stocked with 300 SMB. Sentinel fish were used to estimate disease severity, and pond water was collected for molecular estimation of H. ictaluri actinospore concentrations. Similar to the first year, there were no differences between treatments in any variable tested, including PGD severity in sentinel fish and parasite concentrations in pond water. Under these study conditions, presence of SMB did not have a measureable effect on PGD incidence, parasite density, or overall catfish production.
Apolipoprotein E allele frequencies in chronic and self‐limited hepatitis C suggest a protective effect of APOE4 in the course of hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Mueller Tobias , Fischer Janett , Gessner Reinhard , Rosendahl Jonas , Böhm Stephan , van Bömmel Florian , Knop Viola , Sarrazin Christoph , Witt Heiko , Marques Andreas Mas , Kovacs Peter , Schleinitz Dorit , Stumvoll Michael , Blüher Matthias , Bugert Peter , Schott Eckart , Berg Thomas 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackground & AimsInfectious hepatitis C virus (HCV) particles bind to host lipoproteins such as low‐density lipoproteins (LDLs). Low‐density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR) have been termed candidate receptors for HCV–LDL complexes. Functional host genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene encoding apolipoprotein E (apoE) – a major structural LDL component and natural ligand of LDLR – likely influence the course of HCV infection. We investigated the prevalence of APOE SNPs in two large and independent cohorts of patients with chronic HCV infection compared to respective controls.MethodsWe genotyped 996 chronically HCV‐infected patients; 179 patients with spontaneous HCV clearance; 283 individuals with non‐HCV‐associated liver disease; and 2 234 healthy controls.ResultsAPOE genotype proportions in patients with persistent HCV infection significantly differed from healthy controls (P = 0.007) primarily because of a substantial under‐representation of APOE4 alleles in chronically HCV‐infected patients (10.2%) compared to 13.0% in healthy controls (P = 0.001). The distribution of APOE4 allele positive genotypes (ε2ε4, ε3ε4, ε4ε4) also significantly differed between chronically HCV‐infected patients and healthy controls (1.4%, 17%, 1% vs. 2.4%, 20.5%, 1.7%; P = 0.001), suggesting a protective effect of the APOE4 allele in HCV infection. This was confirmed by a significant over‐representation of the APOE4 allele in patients with spontaneous HCV clearance (17.6%; P = 0.00008). The APOE4 allele distribution in patients with non‐HCV‐associated liver disease (14.0%) was very similar to healthy controls and also differed from chronically HCV‐infected patients (P = 0.012), suggesting HCV specificity.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the APOE4 allele may confer a protective effect in the course of HCV infection.
The biogeography and community structure of kelp forest macroinvertebrates
Authors: Zahn Laurel A. , Claisse Jeremy T. , Williams Jonathan P. , Williams Chelsea M. , Pondella Daniel J. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractUnderstanding species distributions and their community structure is increasingly important when taking an ecosystem‐based approach to conservation and management. However, knowledge of the distribution and community structure of species in mid‐range trophic levels (e.g. macroinvertebrates) is lacking in most marine ecosystems. Our study aimed to examine the spatial distribution and community‐level biogeographic patterns of common kelp forest–rocky reef macroinvertebrates in Southern California and to evaluate the effects of environmental gradients on these communities. Quantitative SCUBA surveys were used to estimate macroinvertebrate densities at 92 sites from 2008–2012. Non‐metric multidimensional scaling was used to evaluate spatial patterns of macroinvertebrate communities among Regions. We found that kelp forest–rocky reef macroinvertebrate communities are distinct among different island and mainland regions, and their community patterns exhibited a strong relationship with an environmental gradient (i.e. sea surface temperature) even after controlling for geographic distance between sites. High abundances of urchin species (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Strongylocentrotus franciscanus) were strong drivers of regional differences. Macroinvertebrate community patterns were driven by characteristic species that were typically more prevalent at warmer or colder sites. Our results provide the first quantitative analysis of macroinvertebrate community structure within the California kelp forest ecosystem. We also describe the distribution and abundance of 92 conspicuous kelp forest‐rocky reef macroinvertebrates among nine pre‐defined Regions. This study provides important preliminary information on these macroinvertebrate species that will be directly useful to inform management of invertebrate fisheries and spatial protection of marine resources.