bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mud-Gas Extractor and Detector Comparison
Authors: Rowe Mathew , Muirhead David 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Although many gas extractors and detectors currently exist, there is no significant comparison between the data quality that they produce. Most advances in mud-gas interpretation and deployable new technologies were driven by service companies’ needs to provide operators with the highest standards of data and interpretation while using their most cost-effective systems for mud-gas analysis. This led to rapid growth in the mud logging sector for providing more scientifically rigorous services at the rigsite. Each new method provided a suite of applications and, more importantly, limitations; a comparison study was performed to gather this information.
The comparison study focused on quantitative gas measurement (QGM), constant volume (CV), and constant volume and temperature (CVT) extractors with gas chromatographs (GC) and mass spectrometers (MSs). These systems were compared by operating them simultaneously at the rigsite.
The CVT system with MS outperformed all other systems. The QGM and CV gas extractors lacked the consistency observed in the CVT system, and the QGM and CV extractors failed to consistently extract C3+ components from the drilling fluid. The MS on the QGM and CV systems added limited value resulting from using atmospheric air as the carrier gas and the lack of a constant temperature. Although the installation of the CVT is more costly and time consuming, these issues are offset by the additional information and consistency provided by the CVT.
Comparing the three extraction systems with two different gas detectors helped determine the best solution on a cost and necessary information basis.
Fractured Well Productivity: Proppant Pack vs. Pillar Fracture - Numerical Study
Authors: Gomaa Ahmed M. , San-Roman-Alerigi Damian P. , Al-Noaimi Khalid R. , Al-Muntasheri Ghaithan A. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Proppant selection and placement have been significantly discussed in the literature as the key parameters to measure the success of a hydraulic fracturing treatment. Conventional proppant pack may suffer a significant reduction in conductivity due to gel damage, fines migration, multiphase flow, and non-Darcy flow. To mitigate these adverse effects, an alternative posits to substitute the porous proppant pack in the fracture with an isolated structure made of propped pillars surrounded by a network of open channels. However, recent field data has not shown improvement in the productivity of the well due to channel creation within the fracture geometry.
The objective of this study is to understand the effect of proppant permeability, placement, and channel creation on the well productivity using the numerical technique. A 3D numerical model was constructed to simulate the hydrocarbon flow from the reservoir through the fracture towards the wellbore. Production rate, well productivity index (PI), and dimensionless well productivity index (Jd) were evaluated as a function of the following parameters: -Reservoir effective permeability (0.1–1000 mD),-Vertical to horizontal permeability ratio (0.1-1),-Reservoir drawdown pressure (500-5000 psi),-Proppant conductivity in the near wellbore region (1–5000 mD-ft),-Proppant conductivity in the far-field region (1–5000 mD-ft),-No. of the created channels and their distribution.
For conventional proppant pack, numerical results agreed with Cinco-Ley and Samaniego-V (1981), and it showed that dimensionless fracture conductivity (CFD) values higher than 30 maximize Jd. Also, the numerical model revealed that pillar fracturing technology with highly conductive channels could significantly improve well productivity if the used proppant conductivity is low. However, for high proppant conductivity and high CFD values, the maximum increase in well productivity index due to channel creation will be only 20%. For low CFD values, pillar fracturing technique with highly conductive channels is highly recommended, particularly if the vertical to horizontal permeability ratio is low.
Statistical analysis of the numerical results evinced that reservoir permeability and near-wellbore proppant conductivity have a major effect on the well productivity; whereas proppant conductivity in the far-field region has limited effect. The statistical analysis revealed that any number of channels greater than 2 has marginal influence on the well productivity and that the derived, dimensionless, variables can be used to create conditional decision models to maximize it. The results suggest that there is an interplay between the dimensionless fracture conductivity and the near-to-far-field permeability ratio that has a significant influence on the results.
Enriching Field Real-Time Data Reliability via the Implementation of Lean Six Sigma Concept
Authors: Al Kadem Mohammad S. , Al Yateem Karam S. , Al-Khamis Mohammed N. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Nowadays, with the advanced technology, there is a large quantity of real time data that flows from the equipment in the field to the engineers’ desktop. The quality of data is, in most cases, questionable. A high quality data is required to be utilized in production workflows and technical studies. Failure to acquire reliable data will affect the calculations of production parameters, hence impacting the overall understanding of well performance. Therefore, monitoring data reliability and quality is essential.
A project was initiated to tackle all various reliability issues for eight fields where a focus team was formulated. The team assessed the current data reliability and facilitated developing the action plans with the use of Lean Six Sigma concept which follows five phases; define, measure, analyze, improve and control. Multiple tools such as fishbone diagram and 5-WHY were used to identify the root causes for having reliability issues along with a correspondent solution (s) which aided developing a detailed implementation plan.
The project goal is targeting an increase in overall data reliability in a six-month period. An anticipated increase of 5% to overall data reliability is to be achieved post to the tags deletion and re-mapping campaign. It is worth mentioning that the utilization of production workflows through effective monitoring of wells rate compliance and ESP is associated with remarkable cost saving.
Securing high data reliability from various equipment will enable engineers to track the wells’ rates and status at their desktops. Moreover, effective monitoring of ESP performance will help preventing the occurrence of trips and optimize ESP operations in the field. Last but not least, effective data monitoring will ensure the upkeep of the Intelligent Field equipment.
Turfgrass and Climate Change
Authors: Hatfield Jerry 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
Climate change will affect temperature and precipitation patterns.
Increasing temperatures will cause a shift in turfgrass species to more northen climates.
Variation among varieties of turfgrass provide opportunity to increase climate resilience.
Climate change will increase abiotic and biotic stresses on turfgrass.
Climate change is occurring and is impacting biological systems through increased temperatures, more variable precipitation, and increased CO2 in the atmosphere. These effects have been documented for agricultural species, primarily grain crops, pasture and rangeland species. The extension of these relationships to turfgrass has been limited; however, these plants are an important part of our ecosystems and preservation of these plantings adds to social value and ecosystem services. Turfgrasses can be divided into cool‐season and warm‐season species and the projected changes in maximum air temperatures, along with increased root zone temperatures may promote a Northward migration of warm‐season turfgrasses. Increased spring precipitation and more variable summer precipitation coupled with more intense precipitation events are projected to occur requiring enhanced management of soil water. Turfgrass management to ensure adequate root zone soil water, and the selection of varieties or species with greater drought tolerance in the warmer regions will be necessary to preserve turfgrass plantings. Increases in CO2 benefits turfgrass growth and positively affects water use efficiency, which decreases the potential effects of a more variable precipitation regime because of impacts on soil water use. Genotypic variation in response to soil water deficits provides a foundation for screening turfgrass species to adapt to climatic stresses. Changes in temperature and precipitation variation will increase the potential for abiotic and biotic stresses on turfgrasses. Turfgrass management will require increased attention to increased abiotic and biotic stresses.
Perennial Plant Establishment and Productivity Can Be Influenced by Previous Annual Crops
Authors: Schmer M. R. , Hendrickson J. R. , Liebig M. A. , Johnson H. A. 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
Perennial treatments established into soybean residue had the highest stand frequency measured.
Warm‐season mixtures tended to have higher biomass production following soybean.
Previous annual crops affected biomass yields for switchgrass, intermediate wheatgrass–alfalfa, and a cool‐season mixture.
Developing efficient, economical methods of perennial mixture establishment is needed for grazing and conservation purposes. Study objectives were to evaluate different perennial monocultures and mixtures planted into spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), corn (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.), dry pea (Pisum sativum L.), and spring canola (Brassica napus subsp. Rapifera) residue to determine establishment and subsequent production variation near Mandan, ND. Perennial treatments were two monocultures, binary mixtures (grass + legume), a warm‐season moderate‐input moderate diversity (MIMD) grass mixture, a cool‐season MIMD grass mixture, and a low‐input high diversity (LIHD) mixture consisting of 16 native species. Seeding rate was 450 pure live seed (PLS) m−2 for all perennial treatments and were managed according to best management practices. Stand establishment, measured using the frequency grid method, indicated perennial treatments established into soybean residue had the highest stand frequency (59%). Cool‐season grass treatments tended to have higher stand frequencies than warm‐season grass treatments and LIHD. Biomass yields were highest for intermediate wheatgrass [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey] (8.2 ± 1.2 Mg ha−1). Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) produced the highest average biomass yield of the warm‐season grass treatments with 6.7 ± 1.2 Mg ha−1. The LIHD mixture was primarily cool‐season grasses followed by weeds, warm‐season grasses, and forb/legumes. This study highlights how transitioning from an annual cropping system to perennials can be influenced by the previous annual crop in a semiarid environment. Further research on establishing diverse, pollinator‐friendly perennial mixtures following annual crops is warranted.
Value of Damage Control with Foliar Fungicide in Soybean Production in Tennessee
Authors: Boyer Christopher N. , Smith S. Aaron , Harmon Xavier L. , Lambert Dayton M. , Kelly Heather Y. , Jordan Jamie , Newman Melvin 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
Annual application of foliar fungicide in continuous soybean increased yields.
Breakeven soybean price for applying a foliar fungicide ranged from US$0.13 to $0.27kg−1.
Results suggest a high likelihood that foliar fungicide application is profitable.
With the expansion in soybean (Glycine max L.) land area in the Southeast, producers are wondering how to profitably manage the disease frogeye leaf spot (FLS) (Cercospora sojina); however, little is known about the profitability of using foliar fungicide on soybean infected with FLS. We determined the effect of total water applied, growing degree days, and foliar fungicide treatment on FLS severity and yield of soybean in maturity group (MG) III, IV, and V. A two‐stage severity/treatment outcome model was estimated and results were used to calculate the breakeven price of soybean for applying a foliar fungicide by MG. Data came from an 11‐yr soybean fungicide (quinone) experiment in Tennessee. Applying a foliar fungicide to soybean in a high disease pressure location reduced FLS severity and increased yields for each MG. Annual application of foliar fungicide in continuous soybean was found to increase yields by 475 kg ha−1 for MG III, 321 kg ha−1 for MG IV, and 408 kg ha−1 for MG V. The breakeven price of soybean, for applying a foliar fungicide, ranged from US$0.13 to $0.27 kg−1 for all MGs, depending on the application cost. A profit‐maximizing producer would apply a foliar fungicide as part of the annual production practices to manage FLS since the soybean price has historically been above the breakeven price. Results from this study will inform Tennessee and southeastern producers on the profitability of spraying soybean with a foliar fungicide to manage FLS.
Virus Incidence in Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) Seed Production Fields in the Willamette Valley
Authors: Gilmore Barbara S. , Martin Ruth C. , Dombrowski James E. , Alderman Stephen C. , Martin Robert R. , Mosier Nola J. , Sullivan Clare S. , Anderson Nicole P. , Hoffman George D. , Guy Paul L. 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
Cocksfoot mottle virus (CfMV) is increasing in severity in the Willamette Valley of Oregon.
Cereal yellow dwarf virus (CYDV) is the most prevalent yellow dwarf virus in orchardgrass in Oregon.
CfMV and CYDV could be contributing to reduced stand longevity in orchardgrass seed production fields in Oregon.
An approach to quantifying rainwater harvesting potential using imagery, geographic information systems (GIS) and LiDAR data
Authors: Grant Aneurin Thomas James , McKinney Nathan L. , Ries Robert 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software is used to analyze rainwater harvesting potential in Escambia County, Florida, USA. The approach presented can be replicated using LiDAR data, and the infrared spectrum of National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery. GIS surface maps are analyzed in combination with local utility consumption data to determine potential reductions in potable water consumption for households. The results indicate an extensive urban catchment of rooftop surfaces, and commensurate potential for rainwater harvesting and stormwater attenuation. Sixty two percent of the households analyzed consumed less water than could be potentially harvested. The remaining 38% consumed more water than could be potentially harvested. There are noted and significant differences between the two sample populations, including differences in water consumed and roof size. A comparison of lot size between the two sample populations did not yield any significant difference. The conclusions indicate that the widespread implementation of rainwater harvesting could substantially reduce potable water use in urban areas, and are of use to policy makers, planners, engineers and property owners everywhere.
The Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia among High School Students in Iran: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alipoor Reza , Gholami Mohammad Saeed , Heidari-Soureshjani Reza , Rajabi Mohammad reza , Anari Mohammad Javad , Vaziri Mohammd Sadegh , Vajdi Saghar , Shamshirian Amir 
Published: June 2017

Introduction: Iron is one of the most important elements forming the body and an essential metal for many biological processes in mammals. According to studies, anemia can cause numerous side effects in the body. Because of the effectiveness of iron in myelinated nerves, this illness can cause hearing loss and vision problems as well, and in students, it can even cause academic failure and learning problems and intensify behavioral disorders. Therefore, to collect the statistics of the prevalence of the disorder in order to inform parents, the present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in high school students in Iran using meta-analysis method.Method: This study was continued in review form using the key words anemia, iron deficiency anemia, and anemia prevalence with a review of the articles in Pubmed, Iranmedex databases and Scientific Information Database of SID in related topics with 89 articles. Time domain for searching articles and related books and was mainly from 1991 onwards.Results: Studies on the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in high school students show different results. Recent statistics based on published articles at home and abroad show the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia equal to 10.6%, (with a 95% confidence interval: 9.7 to 11.5) until 2014.Conclusion: The disease can cause hearing and vision disorders in adolescents. Moreover, it can cause academic failure and learning problems and intensify behavioral disorders in students. Given that children's health is an indicator of health planning of family for them, attention to the factors preventing iron deficiency anemia and its treatment is essential for students. Following this study, it is suggested that by correcting diet as the first step of prevention of catching this diseases, we take a step towards preventing it.
Construcción de conocimiento Rizomático en las ciencias de la gestión: Implicancias para la comprensión de organizaciones de alta confiabilidad. Building rhizomic knowledge in organization sciences: implications to understand high reliability organization
Authors: Cantero Javier Hernán 
Published: June 2017

De la arborescencia del mainstream positivista a la actual diversidad paradigmática, las ciencias de la gestión se nutren de múltiples fuentes epistemológicas. El presente trabajo pone en evidencia el carácter rizomático de los estudios organizacionales y sus implicancias para comprender las Organizaciones de Alta Confiabilidad (HROs).
En primer lugar se analizan las fuentes epistemológicas de la disciplina para dar cuenta del pasaje del mainstream positivista hacia la diversidad paradigmática. En la actualidad, la teoría de la organización es un campo disciplinar rizomático, tanto por sus enfoques epistemológicos, la multiplicidad de temas de estudio, la profusión de fuentes disciplinarias como por la diversidad de estrategias metodológicas. Naturaleza epistemológica rizomática que convive con ciertos nudos arborescentes.
En segundo lugar, el foco de estudio se traslada hacia las HROs, fenómeno organizacional inherente a las sociedades del riesgo que constituye un desafío epistemológico para las teorías del organizar, tanto para comprender la naturaleza de las HROs como para explicar su performance.
Finalmente, se plantea una serie de desafíos epistemológicos a los que se suman las especificidades del universo organizacional argentino, caracterizado por la profusión de organizaciones riesgosas, la recurrencia de accidentes y la incipiente presencia de equipos de investigación que desarrollan el campo disciplinar.
Nivel de conocimientos sobre sexualidad en los adolescentes de 3° a 5° de secundaria de una institución educativa periurbana en Lima Norte
Authors: Carranza Manrique Elizabeth , Zamudio Fernández Roxana , Cahuana Utani Edith , Fuentes Neira Wilmer , Matta Solís Hernán , Pérez Siguas Rosa Eva 
Published: June 2017

Objetivos: Determinar el nivel de conocimientos sobre sexualidad en los adolescentes de la Institución Educativa Privada César Vallejo. Materiales y Métodos: Este estudio es descriptivo de corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 112 estudiantes de 3°, 4° y 5° de secundaria de la Institución Educativa Privada César Vallejo. El instrumento utilizado fue un cuestionario cerrado con alternativas para marcar y como técnica la encuesta. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos indican que el nivel de conocimiento sobre sexualidad en los adolescentes es medio con un 48.2%. El nivel de conocimiento sobre sexualidad en la dimensión biológica, es alta con un 54.5%; en la dimensión psicológica es medio con un 36.6; en la dimensión sociocultural es medio con un 49.1%. Los puntajes en escalados vigesimal evidencian un promedio conocimiento más alto en el aspecto cultural (valor<0.01, ANOVA) respecto a las otras dimensiones. Conclusión: Se presentó menor conocimiento de sexualidad en las dimensiones psicológica y biológica.
Prevalence of serum antibody titers against canine distemper virus and canine parvovirus in dogs hospitalized in an intensive care unit
Authors: Mahon Jennifer L. , Rozanski Elizabeth A. , Paul April L. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of dogs hospitalized in an intensive care unit (ICU) with serum antibody titers against canine distemper virus (CDV) and canine parvovirus (CPV).
DESIGN Prospective observational study.
ANIMALS 80 dogs.
PROCEDURES Dogs hospitalized in an ICU for > 12 hours between February 1 and June 1, 2015, that had at least 0.25 mL of serum left over from diagnostic testing were eligible for study inclusion. Dogs with serum antibody titers > 1:32 (as determined by serum neutralization) and > 1:80 (as determined by hemagglutination inhibition) were considered seropositive for CDV and CPV, respectively. The date of last vaccination was obtained from the medical record of each dog.
RESULTS Of the 80 dogs, 40 (50%) and 65 (81%) dogs were seropositive for CDV and CPV, respectively. Of the 40 dogs that were seronegative for CDV, 27 had been vaccinated against CDV within 3 years prior to testing. Of the 15 dogs that were seronegative for CPV, 3 had been vaccinated against CPV within 3 years prior to testing. Ten dogs were seronegative for both CDV and CPV.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated the prevalence of dogs hospitalized in an ICU that were seropositive for CDV and CPV was lower than expected given the high vaccination rate reported for dogs. Although the antibody titer necessary to prevent disease caused by CDV or CPV in critically ill dogs is unknown, adherence to infectious disease control guidelines is warranted when CDV- or CPV-infected dogs are treated in an ICU.
¿Qué de intercultural tiene la “universidad intercultural”? Del debate político-pedagógico a un estudio de caso veracruzano
Authors: Mateos Cortés Laura Selene , Dietz Gunther 
Published: June 2017

Las universidades interculturales, creadas desde inicios del siglo XXI en México, se están constituyendo paulatinamente en un nuevo subsistema de educación superior. En esta contribución, esbozamos brevemente las tendencias generales que caracterizan este emergente subsistema, basándonos para ello en los resultados de un estado del conocimiento recién concluido, antes de ilustrar con un estudio de caso, proveniente de una etnografía colaborativa que estamos realizando junto con una de las universidades interculturales, para concluir retroalimentando el debate acerca del carácter pretendidamente “intercultural” de esta nueva institución educativa.