bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perioperative systemic IL‐6 and immune‐adipose‐ metabolism transcription in tumour and tumour adjacent breast cancer
Authors: Cullinane Carolyn , Connolly Roisin M. , Corrigan Mark , Redmond Henry P. , Foley Cathriona 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSurgical resection is the primary treatment approach for patients with breast cancer. Despite optimal multimodal treatment, metastatic recurrence remains a risk. Surgery‐mediated systemic inflammation and local tissue inflammation generate an immunosuppressive and wound‐healing environment that may accelerate cancer recurrence and metastasis post‐operatively. Investigating the impact of surgery on local and systemic inflammation may provide knowledge for improvement of patient prognosis and treatment opportunities. Systemic cytokines were quantified in the blood plasma of patients with breast cancer pre‐operatively, early post‐operatively, and late post‐operatively. Early post‐operative levels of IL‐6 were significantly elevated in patients who underwent mastectomy compared with wide local excision. Post‐operative IL‐6 levels correlate with clinicopathological features (age and BMI). The transcriptomes of local matched tumour and normal tumour adjacent (normal) breast tissue, from patients with breast cancer, were analysed by RNA‐Seq. Elevated gene expressions of IL6, ADIPOQ, FABP4, LPL, PPARG, and CD36 in normal tissue were associated with worse overall survival of patients with ER‐positive breast cancer. In tissue with higher expression of IL6 and ADIPOQ, a higher abundance of M2‐like macrophage gene expression was identified. This study revealed perioperative systemic dynamics of inflammatory mediators and identified local immune‐adipose‐metabolism gene expression in tumour‐adjacent tissue associated with pro‐tumour function.
Photochemical Fluoroalkylation and Alkylthiolation of O‐Cyano and O‐Alkynyl Acrylamides: Pendant Functionality Led Divergence in Annulations
Authors: Chandra Upreti Ganesh , Sahoo Debasish , Singh Anand 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA visible‐light‐mediated, organophotocatalyzed cascade perfluoroalkylation and alkylthiolation of o‐cyano and o‐alkynyl acrylamides is reported. The reaction exhibits wide scope and provides polyfluorinated 1,3‐quinoline diones and trifluoromethylated fused tricyclic quinolinones under mild reaction conditions and in good yields. Access to a variety of molecular architectures and the synthetic application of aliphatic thiols are the highlights of this reactivity manifold.
Elemental Sulfur‐Promoted Annulative Coupling of 2‐Aminobenzamides and 2‐Aminobenzylamines with Sulfoxonium Ylides: Access to Quinazolinones and Quinazolines
Authors: Chaubey Trayambek Nath , Borpatra Paran J. , Pandey Satyendra Kumar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA novel and straightforward approach for synthesizing quinazolinones and quinazoline derivatives employing sulfur‐mediated annulative coupling of 2‐aminobenzamides and 2‐aminobenzylamines in conjunction with sulfoxonium ylides has been described. This method demonstrates a broad substrate range and exhibits excellent tolerance towards various functional groups. Finally, this protocol has been successfully applied to synthesize pyrazino‐fused quinazolinone derivative with adjustable fluorescence properties and tryptanthrin, a compound known for its potent antitubercular activity.
Asymmetric development of overburden fracture and gas migration law for a goaf of entry formed by roof cutting
Authors: Nian Jun , He Cheng , Zhao Bo , Lv Xiaobo , Deng Chunsheng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the study, a combined numerical simulation and on‐site monitoring method was used to analyze the asymmetric development characteristics of overlying rock fractures in a goaf under the condition of a goaf side entry formed by roof cutting and to explore the gas accumulation area in the goaf, achieving precise gas extraction from the goaf. The results demonstrates that a double‐balanced arch structure is formed under the condition of a goaf side entry formed by roof cutting, achieving safe retention of the roadway and showing the significance of the pressure relief effect of roof cutting. The collapse movement of the overlying rock on the roof‐cutting side is relatively advanced. The heights of the collapse zone on the roof‐cutting side and the uncut roof side are 28 and 24 m, respectively, and the development heights of the fracture zone are 37 and 42 m, respectively. The fault line on the roof‐cutting side gradually shifts toward the direction of the goaf, and the surface settlement and fracture development are relatively small. There is a clear asymmetric structure in terms of time effect, fault line, fracture zone height, and surface settlement compared to the uncut roof side. The gas is distributed throughout the entire goaf in the roof‐cutting and tunneling mode, and a high‐concentration gas accumulation area is formed near the open–off cut and working face on the high side of the fracture zone. Based on an actual situation, a method of drilling high and low positions in a fracture zone is proposed for extraction. Combined with on‐site monitoring, the goaf was no longer filled with gas during extraction, and the proportion of low‐concentration gas space considerably increased.
Population Modeling in Metal Risk Assessment: Extrapolation of Toxicity Tests to the Population Level
Authors: Viaene Karel P. J. , Vlaeminck Karel , Hansul Simon , Janssen Sharon , Weighman Kristi , Van Sprang Patrick , De Schamphelaere Karel A. C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Population models can be a useful tool for ecological risk assessment to increase ecological realism. In the present study, population models were used to extrapolate toxicity test results of four metals (Ag, Cu, Ni, Zn) to the population level. In total, three primary producers, five invertebrate species, and five fish species were covered. The ecological modeling–based laboratory to population effect extrapolation factor (ECOPEX factor), defined as the ratio of the predicted 10% effect concentration (EC10) at the population level and the observed EC10 for the laboratory toxicity test, ranged from 0.7 to 78.6, with a median of 2.8 (n = 27). Population modeling indicated clearly higher effect concentrations in most of the cases (ECOPEX factor &gt;2 in 14 out of 27 cases), but in some cases the opposite was observed (in three out of 27 cases). We identified five main contributors to the variability in ECOPEX factors: (1) uncertainty about the toxicity model, (2) uncertainty about the toxicity mechanism of the metal, (3) uncertainty caused by test design, (4) impact of environmental factors, and (5) impact of population endpoint chosen. Part of the uncertainty results from a lack of proper calibration data. Nonetheless, extrapolation with population models typically reduced the variability in EC10 values between tests. To explore the applicability of population models in a regulatory context, we included population extrapolations in a species sensitivity distribution for Cu, which increased the hazardous concentration for 5% of species by a factor 1.5 to 2. Furthermore, we applied a fish population model in a hypothetical Water Framework Directive case using monitored Zn concentrations. This article includes recommendations for further use of population models in (metal) risk assessment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:2308–2328. © 2024 SETAC
Effect of human–machine interface infotainment systems and automated vehicles on driver distraction
Authors: Abbasi Elahe , Li Yueqing , Liu Yi , Zhao Ruobing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDriver distraction is intricately linked to human behavior and cognitive ergonomics, as it explores how human engagement with various stimuli influences attention and decision‐making processes while driving. The main purpose of this study is to comprehensively explore whether using Human–Machine Interface infotainment systems in automated vehicles can affect driver distraction. To this end, driver distraction was measured by driving performance features (speed, lane position, and reaction time), behavioral features (fixation time and pupil dilation), physiological features (changes in oxyhemoglobin), and subjective assessment (NASA‐TLX workload). Twenty‐one participants equipped with an eye tracker and functional near‐infrared spectroscopy drove a driving simulator in the current investigation. The results revealed that interacting with the infotainment systems significantly affects the drivers' average speed (F2,40 = 13.60, p < .0001), reaction time (F2,40 = 4.74, p = .0142), fixation time (F2,40 = 88.61, p < .0001), pupil dilation (F2,28 = 3.63, p = .0356), and workload (F2,40 = 14.40, p < .0001). Moreover, driving mode significantly affects drivers' speed deviation (F2,40 = 6.12, p = .0048), standard deviation of lane position (F2,40 = 10.57, p = .0002), fixation time (F2,40 = 36.71, p < .0001), and workload (F2,40 = 28.08, p < .0001). Drawing from the findings of this article and emphasizing human‐centric design principles, researchers and engineers can craft automotive technologies that are intuitive, effective, and safer. This is vital for mitigating driver distraction and guaranteeing the beneficial influence of automated vehicles on both road safety and the overall driving experience.
Hippocampal storage and recall of neocortical “What”–“Where” representations
Authors: Rolls Edmund T. , Zhang Chenfei , Feng Jianfeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA key question for understanding the function of the hippocampus in memory is how information is recalled from the hippocampus to the neocortex. This was investigated in a neuronal network model of the hippocampal system in which “What” and “Where” neuronal firing rate vectors were applied to separate neocortical modules, which then activated entorhinal cortex “What” and “Where” modules, then the dentate gyrus, then CA3, then CA1, then the entorhinal cortex, and then the backprojections to the neocortex. A rate model showed that the whole system could be trained to recall “Where” in the neocortex from “What” applied as a retrieval cue to the neocortex, and could in principle be trained up towards the theoretical capacity determined largely by the number of synapses onto any one neuron divided by the sparseness of the representation. The trained synaptic weights were then imported into an integrate‐and‐fire simulation of the same architecture, which showed that the time from presenting a retrieval cue to a neocortex module to recall the whole memory in the neocortex is approximately 100 ms. This is sufficiently fast for the backprojection synapses to be trained onto the still active neocortical neurons during storage of the episodic memory, and this is needed for recall to operate correctly to the neocortex. These simulations also showed that the long loop neocortex–hippocampus–neocortex that operates continuously in time may contribute to complete recall in the neocortex; but that this positive feedback long loop makes the whole dynamical system inherently liable to a pathological increase in neuronal activity. Important factors that contributed to stability included increased inhibition in CA3 and CA1 to keep the firing rates low; and temporal adaptation of the neuronal firing and of active synapses, which are proposed to make an important contribution to stabilizing runaway excitation in cortical circuits in the brain.
Occupational exposure to benzene and risk of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in an extended follow‐up of two population‐based prospective cohorts of Chinese men and women
Authors: Bassig Bryan A. , Shu Xiao‐Ou , Friesen Melissa C. , Vermeulen Roel , Purdue Mark P. , Ji Bu‐Tian , Yang Gong , Wong Jason Y. Y. , Appel Nathan , Hu Wei , Gao Yu‐Tang , Zheng Wei , Rothman Nathaniel , Lan Qing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe carcinogenicity of benzene was reevaluated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2017, with the Working Group reaffirming positive yet inconclusive associations with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). To extend our previous observation of a significant exposure‐response for cumulative occupational benzene exposure and NHL risk among Chinese women in a population‐based cohort in Shanghai, we extended follow‐up of this cohort and pooled the data with a similarly designed population‐based cohort of men in Shanghai. Cumulative exposure estimates were derived for 134,449 participants in the pooled analysis by combining ordinal job‐exposure matrix intensity ratings with quantitative benzene measurements from an inspection database of Shanghai factories. Associations between benzene exposure metrics and NHL (n = 363 cases including multiple myeloma [MM]) were assessed using Cox proportional hazard models. Ever occupational exposure to benzene in the pooled population was associated with NHL risk (HR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.2–2.0), and exposure‐response relationships were observed for increasing duration (ptrend = .003) and cumulative exposure (ptrend = .003). Associations with ever exposure, duration, and cumulative exposure were similar for NHL with and without MM in the case definition, including lifetime cumulative exposures in the highest quartile (HR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1–2.4 with MM included; HR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.1–2.7 with MM excluded). An elevated risk of the chronic lymphocytic leukemia subtype was suggested in the pooled analyses (HR for ever vs. never exposure = 2.3, 95% CI = 0.9–5.6). These observations provide additional support for a plausible association between occupational benzene exposure and risk of NHL.
Assessment of early‐death in gynecologic malignancy in the United States
Authors: Vallejo Andrew , Lee Matthew W. , Klar Maximilian , Wright Jason D. , Matsuo Koji 
Published: September 2024

SynopsisPatients with gynecologic malignancy had overall lower early‐death rates following diagnosis compared with non‐gynecologic malignancies, with the exception of non‐Hispanic black patients with tubo‐ovarian cancer.
A case of mixed neuroendocrine carcinoma–acinar adenocarcinoma: Utilization of triplet therapy for prostate cancer
Authors: Ikeda Junichi , Taniguchi Hisanori , Takayama Hiroki , Masuo Yuki , Nakamoto Takahiro , Uchida Katsunori , Kinoshita Hidefumi 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionNeuroendocrine prostate cancer is an aggressive histological subtype of prostate cancer with a poor prognosis. Neuroendocrine prostate cancer is traditionally treated with cisplatin‐based chemotherapy, similar to that used in treating small‐cell lung cancer. However, the therapeutic effectiveness of chemotherapy for neuroendocrine prostate cancer has been limited. This case report describes a response to triplet therapy using darolutamide, androgen deprivation therapy, and docetaxel, which was administered in a patient with mixed neuroendocrine prostate cancer.Case presentationA 77‐year‐old man was newly diagnosed with mixed neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Serum prostate‐specific antigen, neuron‐specific enolase, and progastrin‐releasing peptide levels were 62.2, 40.6, and 60.6 pg/mL, respectively. Multiple lymph node metastases were identified on a computed tomography scan, and bone scintigraphy revealed multiple bone metastases. The clinical stage was determined to be cT3bN1M1b. Ultimately, tumor size and serum markers decreased with triplet therapy.ConclusionWe demonstrated the first case in which triplet therapy had been effective in the treatment of neuroendocrine prostate cancer.
Noninvasive Assessing Low Back Pain by a Novel Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy Flexible Probe With the Aid of Cupping Protocol
Authors: Zhang Bowen , Lin Yu , Yao Bo , Li Ting 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTLow back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability worldwide, yet its quantitative and noninvasive assessment remains challenging. Considering that near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) became a promising noninvasive tool for monitoring muscle and cupping therapy could regulate muscle blood flow to relieve LBP, we attempted to incorporate cupping and hemodynamics monitoring in muscle tissue by NIRS to assess LBP. We collected 3‐min NIRS recordings on 12 LBP patients and 12 healthy subjects before and after 20‐min cupping. Initially, no significant hemodynamic differences were observed between the groups. After cupping, the concentration changes of oxy‐hemoglobin (Δ[HbO2]) in the emitter‐detector channel parallel to spine unexpectedly exhibited that LBP was remarkably lower by approximately 67% compared with the controls. This study highlighted the potential of combining NIRS and cupping protocol as a quantitative assessment technique for LBP, also providing a new idea for clinical integration of novel optical assessment technologies.
Tree Frogs Alter Their Behavioral Strategies While Landing On Vertical Perches
Authors: Zhou Rui , Wang Zhouyi , Song Yi , Liu Shuhao , Dai Zhendong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs an arboreal animal, tree frogs face diverse challenges when landing on perches, including variations in substrate shape, diameter, flexibility, and angular distribution, with potentially significant consequences for failed landings. Research on tree frog landing behavior on perches, especially concerning landing on vertical substrates, remains limited. This study investigated the landing strategies (forelimb, abdomen, and hindlimb) of tree frogs on vertical perches, considering perch diameter. Although all three strategies were observed across perches of different diameters, their frequencies differed. Forelimb landing was most common across all perch diameters, with its frequency increasing with perch diameter, while abdomen and hindlimb landing strategies were more prevalent on smaller diameter perches. During the process from take‐off to landing, the body axis underwent some deviation owing to the asymmetric movement of the left and right limbs; however, these deviations did not significantly differ among landing strategies. Additionally, different landing strategies led to variations in the landing forces, with abdominal landings generating significantly higher impact forces than the other two strategies. These findings provide insights into the biomechanics and biological adaptations of tree frogs when landing on challenging substrates, such as leaves or branches.
Investigating the Inhibition of Diindolylmethane Derivatives on SARS‐CoV‐2 Main Protease
Authors: Li Wenjin , Chang Xiaoyu , Zhou Hang , Yu Wenquan , Wang Ruiyong , Chang Junbiao 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe SARS‐CoV‐2 main protease (Mpro) is an essential enzyme that promotes viral transcription and replication. Mpro conserved nature in different variants and its nonoverlapping nature with human proteases make it an attractive target for therapeutic intervention against SARS‐CoV‐2. In this work, the interaction mechanism between Mpro and diindolylmethane derivatives was investigated by molecular docking, enzymatic inhibition assay, UV–vis, fluorescence spectroscopy, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Results of IC50 values show that 1p (9.87 μM) was the strongest inhibitor for Mpro in this work, which significantly inhibited the activity of Mpro. The binding constant (4.07 × 105 Lmol−1), the quenching constant (5.41 × 105 Lmol−1), and thermodynamic parameters indicated that the quenching mode of 1p was static quenching, and the main driving forces between 1p and Mpro are hydrogen bond and van der Waals force. The influence of molecular structure on the binding is investigated. Chlorine atoms and methoxy groups are favorable for the diindolylmethane derivative inhibitors of Mpro. This work confirms the changes in the microenvironment of Mpro by 1p, and provides clues for the design of potential inhibitors.
Z‐Spectral MRI Quantifies the Mass and Metabolic Activity of Adipose Tissues With Fat‐Water‐Fraction and Amide‐Proton‐Transfer Contrasts
Authors: Cai Zimeng , Zhong Qiaoling , Zhang Daming , Feng Yanqiu , Wang Qian , Yang Yuanbo , Xu Yongzhou , Liang Changhong , Liu Zaiyi , Cai Kejia 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundBrown adipose tissue (BAT) is metabolically activatable and plays an important role in obesity and metabolic diseases. With reduced fat‐water‐fraction (FWF) compared with white adipose tissue (WAT), BAT mass and its functional activation may be quantified with Z‐spectra MRI, with built‐in FWF and the metabolic amide proton transfer (APT) contrasts.PurposeTo investigate if Z‐spectral MRI can quantify the mass and metabolic activity of adipose tissues.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsSeven groups of 8‐week‐old male rats, including two groups (n = 7 per group) for in vivo MRI study and five groups (n = 5 per group) for ex vivo validation; 12 young and healthy volunteers with 6 male and 6 female.Field Strength/SequenceThe 7 T small animal and 3 T clinical systems, T2‐weighted imaging, Rapid Acquisition with Relaxation Enhancement (RARE) readout based chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) Z‐spectral MRI sequence.AssessmentQuantified FWF and APT from Z‐spectra in rats before and after norepinephrine (NE) stimulation and in healthy human subjects; ex vivo measurements of total proteins in BAT from rats.Statistical TestsTwo‐tailed unpaired Student's t‐tests and repeated measures ANOVA. P‐value <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsDecreased FWF (from 39.6% ± 7.2% before NE injection to 16.4% ± 7.2% 120 minutes after NE injection, P < 0.0001) and elevated APT (from 1.1% ± 0.5% before NE injection to 2.9% ± 0.5% 120 minutes after NE injection, P < 0.0001) signals in BAT were observed with in vivo Z‐spectral MRI in rats injected with NE at 7 T MRI. At clinical 3 T, Z‐spectral MRI was used to quantify the FWF (58.5% ± 7.2% in BAT and 73.7% ± 6.5% in WAT with P < 0.0001) and APT (2.6% ± 0.8% in BAT and 0.9% ± 0.3% in WAT with P < 0.0001) signals in healthy volunteers. APT signals of BAT were negatively correlated with the BMI in humans (r = 0.71).Data ConclusionEndogenous Z‐spectral MRI was demonstrated to simultaneously quantify BAT mass and function based on its FWF and APT contrasts.Level of Evidence2.Technical Efficacy Stage1.
The level of expression of HPV16 early transcripts is not associated with the natural history of cervical lesions
Authors: Jacquin Elise , Saunier Maëlle , Lepiller Quentin , Monnien Franck , Mauny Frédéric , Ramanah Rajeev , Carcopino Xavier , Riethmuller Didier , Mougin Christiane , Prétet Jean‐Luc 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe natural history of cervical cancer is closely linked to that of high‐risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) infection. It is recognized that upon HPV DNA integration, partial or complete loss of the E2 open reading frame precludes expression of the corresponding protein, resulting in upregulation of the E6 and E7 viral oncoproteins. To better characterize HPV16 infection at the cervical level, viral load, viral DNA integration, and viral early transcript expression (E2, E5, and E6) were analyzed in a series of 158 cervical specimens representative of the full spectrum of cervical disease. Overall, the frequency of early transcript detection varied from 45% to 90% and tended to increase with lesion severity. In addition, the levels of E2, E5, and E6 transcript expression were slightly higher in high‐grade lesions than in cervical specimens without abnormalities. Notably, early transcript expression was clearly associated with viral load, and no inverse correlation was found between the expression of E2 and E6 transcripts. No clear association was found between early transcript expression and HPV16 DNA integration, with the exception that samples with a fully integrated HPV16 genome did not harbor E2 or E5 transcripts. In conclusion, early HPV16 transcript expression appears to be associated with viral load rather than lesion grade. From a practical point of view, quantification of HPV16 early transcripts is difficult to translate into a relevant biomarker for cervical cancer screening.