bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly sensitive detection of kojic acid in food samples using fluorescent carbon dots derived from pomegranate peel
Authors: Hassan Omnia H. , Saad Ahmed S. , Ghali Mohsen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractKojic acid (KA) has gained significant attention due to its widespread use in the food and cosmetics industries. However, concerns about its potential carcinogenic effects have heightened the need for sensitive detection methods. This study introduces a fluorescence-based optical sensor for the quantification of KA in food samples, utilizing fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) synthesized from pomegranate peel via a hydrothermal method. The Stern–Volmer plot demonstrated a linear response for KA in the range of 120 to 1200 µM, with a Pearson correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9999 and. The sensor exhibited a detection limit of 30 ± 0.04 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 90 ± 0.14 µM. Application of the developed method to soy sauce and vinegar samples yielded accurate KA determinations, with recoveries of 103.11 ± 0.96% and 104.45 ± 2.15%, respectively. These findings highlight the potential of the proposed sensor for practical applications in food quality and safety assessment, offering valuable insights into the presence of KA in food products.
Elastoplastic analysis on deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock of soft-coal roadway based on true triaxial loading and unloading tests
Authors: Jiang Chongyang , Wang Lianguo , Guo Jiaxing , Wang Shuai 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSince accidents such as roof caving, rock fragmentation, and severe deformation are particularly likely to occur during roadway excavation in soft and thick coal seams, grasping the range and distribution of deformation and fracturing of surrounding rock is of crucial for evaluating roadway stability and optimizing support design in such coal seams. In this study, based on the stress paths encountered during roadway excavation, true triaxial loading and unloading tests were carried out on soft coal, and the deformation and strength evolutions of soft coal under different intermediate principal stress conditions were analyzed. The test results show that the stress–strain relationship in the pre-peak plasticity-strengthening and post-peak plasticity-weakening stages follows a quadratic function, and the strengeth evolution conforms to the Mogi–Coulomb criterion. Moreover, analytical solutions for the displacement of surrounding rock, the radius of the broken zone, and the radius of the plastic zone of soft-coal roadways under excavation stress paths were derived after taking the nonlinear hardening and softening characteristics of the strain of soft coal, the Mogi–Coulomb criterion, the intermediate principal stress, and the dilatancy characteristics of surrounding rock into comprehensive consideration. Finally, in accordance with a practical engineering case, the influences of the intermediate principal stress coefficient, the lateral pressure coefficient, and the support force on the deformation and failure characteristics of the soft-coal roadway were analyzed. The analysis reveals that an increase in intermediate principal stress aggravates the deformation of surrounding rock and enlarges the plastic and broken zones; variations in the lateral pressure coefficient alter the shape of the broken zone and the distribution of surface displacement; and an increase in the support force effectively reduces the plastic zone, broken zone, and surface displacement of the roadway. The research results can provide valuable theoretical basis for the stability evaluation and support design of soft-coal roadways.
Utilization of Western Aphasia Battery–Revised Spoken Language Subtest Stimuli to Characterize Differentially Diagnostic Characteristics of Acquired Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Nealon Kate , Edmonds Lisa 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
There is a need for stimuli that can be used in the assessment of apraxia of speech (AOS) characteristics. AOS often presents with aphasia, and the Western Aphasia Battery–Revised (WAB-R) is administered extensively in clinical practice for the assessment of aphasia. This preliminary study investigated error production of differentially diagnostic characteristics of AOS (phonetic and prosodic errors) in response to existing spoken language subtest stimuli of the WAB-R in individuals with concomitant AOS and aphasia and aphasia only.

Method:
Ten participants presenting with aphasia and potential motor speech impairment were included. Presence of AOS was determined for five individuals. Speech production errors were analyzed using narrow transcription methods in response to the Naming, Repetition, and Spontaneous Speech subtests of the WAB-R for both AOS and aphasia and aphasia-only groups.

Results:
Differences in total error production for both phonetic and prosodic errors were reported between the AOS and aphasia and aphasia-only groups. In addition, the phonetic complexity of the stimuli correlated to the phonetic and prosodic error production in both groups. An effect of WAB-R subtest was not reported for either group.

Conclusion:
The diversity of elicited spoken language production across multiple contexts makes the use of the spoken language subtest stimuli a feasible component of a comprehensive AOS assessment, since AOS is often concomitant with aphasia.
Distributed control and passivity‐based stability analysis for time‐delayed DC microgrids
Authors: Chen Yongpan , Zhao Jinghan , Wan Keting , Yu Miao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFor cooperation among distributed generations in a DC microgrid (MG), distributed control is widely applied. However, the delay in distributed communication will result in steady‐state bias and the risk of instability. This paper proposes a novel distributed control for time‐delayed DC MGs to achieve accurate current proportional sharing and weighted average voltage regulation. Firstly, by utilizing an advanced observer based on the PI consensus algorithm, the steady‐state bias problem is addressed. Then, using the passivity theory, stability analysis is conducted to reveal the principle of system instability caused by communication delay. On this basis, to offset the adverse effects of communication delay on the system stability, scattering transformation is introduced in the observer‐based distributed control. Moreover, considering the potential delay from the measurement stage in real‐life scenarios, the sufficient condition of the system stability is concluded by constructing the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional. Finally, the performance of the proposed control and conclusions of stability analysis are verified by hardware‐in‐loop tests.
Robust higher order sliding mode control of grid‐forming converters with LCL filter in weak grid scenarios for fast frequency support
Authors: Das Tuhin S. , Annakkage Udaya D. , Muthumuni Dharshana , Park In Kwon 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a nonlinear higher‐order sliding mode control (HO‐SMC) designed for a droop control‐based grid‐forming converter. In weak grid scenarios, where the rate of change of frequency is notably high, achieving a rapid frequency response becomes imperative. The stable operation of a grid‐forming converter using droop control, coupled with classical vector control that employs cascaded voltage and current loops (multiloop) with PI controllers, faces limitations when higher droop coefficients are applied. This constraint on the application of classical vector control in weak grid conditions necessitates alternative solutions. Operating as a grid‐forming converter, the grid‐connected converter with an LCL filter represents a second‐order system. HO‐SMC mitigates the switching challenges associated with conventional SMC by integrating robust feedback linearized control. A graphical method is proposed for designing the switching gain using Lyapunov's direct method to counteract the impact of a matched disturbance. The study demonstrates that the implementation of HO‐SMC in the grid‐forming converter enhances fast frequency response by increasing the gain margin of the power frequency loop. Finally, it is illustrated that the proposed control method also improves the transient response of the converter.
Optimal‐droop voltage‐restorer for zonal dc distribution system with simultaneous consideration of dynamic current balance and power loss reduction
Authors: Han Yu , Zhou Qian , Lin Gang , Wang Shaoyang , Li Yong , Guo Yixiu , Liu Jiayan , An Haiyun , Cao Yijia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA dc voltage restorer (dc‐VR) with optimal droop control is developed to reduce the power loss and solve the dynamic current imbalance simultaneously of the zonal dc distribution system integrating multi‐parallel energy storage. Firstly, the power loss model composed of line loss and converter loss is built and it is proved to be a strictly convex function with respect to droop coefficients, which indicates the power loss can be mitigated by optimizing the current distribution. Thus, an image‐based droop optimization method is proposed to search for the optimal droop coefficients. Then, the economy of voltage compensation on power loss reduction is investigated and an ESS‐combined dc‐VR is designed, including an interleaved parallel architecture and a capacitor‐integrated electric spring (C‐ES). Unified virtual inertia is proposed for interleaved parallel bridge arms to make their dynamic performance consistent. And the newly introduced C‐ES can keep the bus voltage at the rated level to reduce the system cost. Therefore, the problem of dynamic currents imbalance is addressed from the points of converter structure (dc‐VR) and control system (unified inertia), and the power loss can be reduced by voltage recovery (C‐ES) and optimizing the current reallocation which is achieved by updating sharing coefficients from the image‐based droop optimization method. Finally, the simulation cases validate the effectiveness of the proposed optimal‐droop dc‐VR on dynamic current balance and power loss reduction, and hardware in the loop experiment results prove the consistent dynamic characteristics of the dc‐VR's arms.
Hydrogen storage planning robust to year‐round net load fluctuation
Authors: Chen Boyang , Jiang Minghua , Yang Dezhou , Shi Hao , Zhang Ning , Ma Jiahao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLong‐term hydrogen storage systems are considered a solution to the long‐term supply imbalance caused by different seasonal characteristics in renewable energy output and load. However, most existing planning models assume the whole year‐round net load series is known in advance and the optimal operation sequence of long‐term storage is derived accordingly. This assumption underestimates the necessary long‐term storage capacity because of the difficulty of accurate fine‐grained long‐term forecasting. This work proposes a long‐term hydrogen storage planning framework that is robust to year‐round net load fluctuation. The daily average component from the historical net load series is first derived to formulate the long‐term operation scenario set. On this basis, a robust planning model is developed where the trend of long‐term storage operation is forced to be identical for all long‐term operation scenarios and not to respond to one specific scenario with full information of the net load sequence. The results show that the planning results given by the proposed framework are more robust in real‐time operation with less load shedding.
Partisan differences in perceived levels of democracy across presidential administrations
Authors: Cheng Gloria Danqiao , Does Serena , Shih Margaret 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDemocracy in the United States is in decline. The current work examines to what degree U.S. Americans perceive this decline in the U.S., and how partisanship may shape those perceptions over time. Using cross-sectional archival data spanning three U.S. presidential administrations (Study 1), we find that perceived levels of democracy by U.S. Americans on both sides of the political spectrum were not attuned to objective democracy indices but instead followed a partisan gap where election winners perceived higher levels of democracy than election losers. Using a longitudinal quasi-experiment tracking the 2020 presidential election (Study 2), we find that the effect of partisanship on perceived levels of democracy kicked in right after the announcement of the election winner but was the strongest after the official inauguration. Moreover, Trump supporters showed heterogeneous responses to the Capitol attack, which highlights the possibility of bipartisan willingness to defend democracy after salient attacks on democratic principles. We discuss the implications of the effect of partisanship on perceptions of democracy.
Spatio-Temporal-Interaction Graph Neural Networks for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction
Authors: Cui Zhoujuan , Peng Wenshuo , Zhang Yaqiang , Duan Yiping , Tao Xiaoming 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
For intelligent transportation systems, accurately forecasting the future trajectories of multiple agents is pivotal. Considering the increased diversity of agents within a scene, in order to capture and model the variations in their appearance, motion status, behavioral patterns, and interrelationships, we propose a simple yet effective framework based on Spatio-Temporal-Interaction Graph Neural Networks. Specifically, a Multi-Class Agent Encoder is meticulously tailored to the specific class of each agent to distill pertinent information from their motion attributes and historical trajectories. Subsequently, a Spatio-Temporal-Interaction Graph Attention Module is constructed to productively represent and learn the complex, dynamic interactions. Finally, a Multimodal Trajectory Generation Module is customized, and a learnable diversity sampling function is introduced to map the features of each agent to a set of potential variables, so as to capture the multimodal distribution of future trajectories. Empirical evaluations on the ETH/UCY and KITTI datasets reveal that our method can efficiently improve the accuracy of trajectory prediction.
Flood Monitoring and Mapping in the Ghatal Region of West Bengal, India
Authors: Bhadra T , Mukherjee K , Dash P , Saha J , Das R 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Ghatal block of Paschim Medinipur district in West Bengal, India experiences frequent flooding due to the overflow of the rivers Dwarakeswar, Rupnarayan, Shilabati, and their tributaries. Although the Ghatal master plan was prepared and the foundation stone was placed in 1982 to reduce the flood vulnerability in this region, the plan is still not being implemented. To determine the flood vulnerability in the Ghatal block, very few research investigations have been carried out. The previous studies just applied a successful scientific methodology to evaluate flood risk; they did not engage in participatory research with local community perception. Hence, a thorough investigation is needed to manage floods in a way that increases community resilience. Using a comparative review and the geographic information system (GIS), the study seeks to identify the flood-prone locations in the Ghatal block, which is essential for flood management in any region. The article uses a multi-criteria analysis to pinpoint probable flood hazard regions. Seven parameters are used in the study to carry out the multi-criteria analytical hierarchy procedure. Based on their relative importance for the event, the criteria’s weights are determined using the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) method, and a Suitability Index is prepared. The index indicates that the severe problem of river flooding in the Ghatal block of Paschim Medinipur needs to be looked after on an urgent basis and with path-breaking solutions, especially for the Ghatal municipality and the various gram panchayats such as Irpala, Mansuka-I, Monoharpur-I, Ajobnagar-I, Mohonpur, Dewanchak-I and the North-Eastern part of Sultanpur and the Southern part of Dewanchak-II.
Xanthium Strumarium based activated carbon as low cost bioadsorbent for efficient removal of antidepressant drug Imipramine
Authors: Verma R , Joshi G 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Although, the pharmaceutical industries have contributed to improve the quality of human lifestyle. However, due to the extensive growth in living standards of modern society is one of the reasons that reinforce to millions of peoples to follow unhealthy lifestyle that leads to several health issues (like mental illness, disability and several metabolic problems etc.) it reinforces the over-dependency on pharmaceutical drugs. Among various pharmaceuticals, the tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) have consumed significantly for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. The drug Imipramine (IMP) is one of the potential candidates among these TCAs, which is frequently used drug across the globe. That is why these TCAs are frequently detected pharmaceuticals in environment and negatively affect living organism. The levels of contamination of these TCAs in the environment have increased due to COVID-19 pandemic which consequently increased psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression in a significant population. The Imipramine contamination has harmful impact on human such as hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, convulsions and hypothermia. The present study witnessed an effective removal of the Imipramine contamination from aqueous effluent using Xanthium Strumarium based low cost bio-adsorbent. The thermal activation was done to produce powdered bioadsorbent (XPT1) for Imipramine removal from its aqueous phase. The batch experiments were performed to access adsorption parameters like contact time (2 hours), maximum adsorption capacity (3.74 mg/g), optimum pH (less than 5 and more than 9) and adsorption capacity dependence on concentration and temperature of produced bioadsorbents. The fixed-bed column experiment was carried out to attain saturation time (626 minutes), adsorption capacity (64.9 mg.g−1) with 90.08 % of total removal percent of Imipramine. The adsorption isotherm data were best fitted to Freundlich model at low temperature 303 K, while at higher temperature the Imipramine adsorption is well fitted with both Langmuir and Freundlich models.
Study of pollutant transport under linear sorption in a groundwater reservoir
Authors: Paul Tapan , Mahato Nav Kumar , Singh Rakesh Kumar , Das Pintu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Pollutant dispersion in a porous medium can be modelled mathematically to forecast its concentration distribution profile. The governing equation of pollutant transport is modelled as a partial differential equation. Effects of sorption, zero-order production rate and first-order decay rate on pollutant transport are incorporated in the present study. The temporarily dependent pulse-type input source decaying exponentially is assumed at the origin of the domain. The solution of the proposed transport equation is derived by Laplace transform method for the respective time split domain. Matlab algorithm is developed to illustrate the obtained analytical solutions graphically for various hydrological input data. The pollutant distribution profiles in the medium are obtained for different times and porosities. The pollutant transport nature is examined for various forms of velocity flow pattern in presence and absence of input source. Also, the derived solution is compared graphically under special case with the existing solution and found the results with good agreement.
Treatment of heavy metal in the plating wastewater by electrocoagulation
Authors: Duong Pham-Hung , Nguyen Hoang-Phuc , Huynh Ngoc-Han T. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This present paper evaluated a batch electrocoagulation (EC) scale containing two flat aluminium plate electrodes to treat total Cr, Zn2+ in real plating wastewater taken from CX Technology company. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Design-Expert 12 software were applied to optimize the operating conditions with three main factors including current density, pH, and retention time. The control experiments using FeSO4 10% were performed to compare with the electrocoagulation method. The best treatment efficiency occurred at a current density of 16.93 A/m2, pH 9, and a 31-minute reaction. The conductivity did not significantly affect to the total Cr and Zn2+ removal but reduced energy consumption. The jar-test experiment result was obvious the optimal factors of the coagulation-flocculation encompassing pH 10 and 3 ml/L FeSO4 10 %. The treatment efficiency of total Cr and Zn2+ were 97.22±0.3 % and 99.53± 0.006 %, higher than others. The generated sludge in the electrocoagulation method was 2,031± 0.91 g/L, equal to 51.7 % sludge of the coagulation-flocculation method. The treatment cost by electrocoagulation was less than others.
Access the performance of nitrification in an activated sludge reactor for seafood wastewater treatment: Experiment on the SBR model at the lab-scale
Authors: Thi Kim Thuy Phan , Ha Quan Tran , Van Quang Tran 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A major challenge in wastewater treatment system design is optimizing the nitrification process in activated sludge reactors, especially in the seafood industry with high concentration of organic matter, fat, oil, and nitrogen. However, in traditional seafood wastewater treatment systems, nitrogen removal is limited by the ratio C:N:P ≈ 100:5:1. With the experiment of the Sequencing Batch Reactor model, the evaluation of biological nitrification reaction is conducted based on the following parameters: organic loading rate, removing efficiency of ammonia - nitrogen, and nitrification rate. By using pre-treatment seafood processing wastewater with a C/N ratio of 5-6, these parameters were determined through an operating biological reactor with F/M from 0.16 to 0.2g BOD5/g MLVSS.d. In terms of the performance of the model, when optimizing the nitrification process, the efficiency removal reaches 78.3-80.0% for BOD5 and 93.9-94.5% for NH4-N. After that, the nitrification process occurred after 30 minutes of reaction phase, reached its maximum rate after 2 hours with nitrification rate from 0.04 to 0.08 g Nox/g MLVSS.d and then maintained for about 1 hour. Moreover, for an optimal nitrification process, the alkaline consumption of the model should be in the range 7.05-7.18 mg CaCO3/mg N.
Enhancement of dye treatment efficiency of TiO2/C3N4 photocatalysts synthesized by hydrothermal method
Authors: Dinh Chinh Nguyen , Hong Tuan Pham , Phuong Chien Tran , Van Dung Nguyen , Thi Hai Yen Nguyen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Using sunlight to generate energy is a trend to establish a sustainable economy while protecting the environment. Photocatalytic breakdown of organic molecules on the surfaces of semiconductors is an important topic of current research. In this study, competent TiO2/g-C3N4 photocatalysts produced by the hydrothermal technique demonstrated outstanding photoactivity. To determine the best-performing photocatalyst, TiO2/g-C3N4 materials were analyzed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Energy Dispersive X- ray (EDX), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and Differential Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS). XRD results indicate that the addition of C3N4 increases the ratio of TiO2 Anatase. Optical studies unveiled a significant reduction in the forbidden band. The experiments using photocatalysis revealed that the action of TiO2/g-C3N4 on methylene blue (MB) dyes exhibited not only momentous photocatalytic performance but also excellent adsorption ability. The result of this study is anticipated to offer a solid basis for the creation and synthesis of cutting-edge materials for applications including the treatment of textile effluent.