bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of transport optimizers via graphs and applications to Stackelberg–Cournot–Nash equilibria
Authors: Acciaio Beatrice , Neumann Berenice Anne 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe introduce graphs associated to transport problems between discrete marginals, that allow to characterize the set of all optimizers given one primal optimizer. In particular, we establish that connectivity of those graphs is a necessary and sufficient condition for uniqueness of the dual optimizers. Moreover, we provide an algorithm that can efficiently compute the dual optimizer that is the limit, as the regularization parameter goes to zero, of the dual entropic optimizers. Our results find an application in a Stackelberg–Cournot–Nash game, for which we obtain existence and characterization of the equilibria.
Die Etablierung von Politischen Online-Influencer:innen (POI) in Konstellationen der öffentlichen Kommunikation
Authors: Nitschke Paula 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungSocial-Media-Influencer:innen sind längst nicht mehr nur in der Werbung tätig und promoten Produkte, sondern sie äußern sich politisch und werden zu Akteur:innen in der politisch-medialen Öffentlichkeit. Doch wie ist das zu erklären? Wie schaffen es diese politisch-medialen Outsider, dass ihre Stimme Gewicht erhält und sie in Beziehungskonstellationen der öffentlichen Kommunikation aufgenommen werden? Um dies zu erklären, entwickelt der Artikel ein relationales Theoriekonzept. Dieses konzipiert die politisch-mediale Öffentlichkeit als Assemblage und argumentiert, dass sich Politische Online-Influencer:innen (POI) in Beziehungskonstellationen etablieren, weil sie im hybriden Mediensystem den Kommunikationsraum mit klassischen Intermediären teilen, weil ihre sozialen Beziehungen und ihr Status als Micro-Celebrities auf Social-Media-Plattformen als kapitalwerter Vorteil wirken und sich der Etablierungsprozess verstärkt, sobald sie durch erste Beziehungen mit klassischen Intermediären legitimiert werden. Die Etablierung wird als Prozess verstanden, der sich in der triadischen Beziehungskonstellation zwischen Influencer:innen, ihrem Publikum auf Social-Media-Plattformen und klassischen Intermediären aus Politik und Medien abspielt. Das relationale Theoriekonzept kombiniert Ansätze der politischen Kommunikations- und Journalismusforschung mit der Celebrityforschung und der Kapitaltheorie Pierre Bourdieus. Nachdem das relationale Theoriekonzept entworfen wurde, wird eine normative Bewertung der Beiträge von POI zur öffentlichen Kommunikation vorgenommen. Es werden Vermittlungsleistungen identifiziert, die neue Akteure wie die POI erbringen, und es wird auf die Gefahren eingegangen, welche die journalistisch anmutende Kommunikation durch Personen birgt, die nicht immer eine journalistische Ausbildung besitzen.
Effect of Horizontal Continuous Casting Parameters on Cyclic Macrosegregation, Microstructure, and Properties of High-Strength Cu–Mg Alloy Cast Rod
Authors: Strzępek Paweł , Mamala Andrzej , Boumerzoug Zakaria , Baudin Thierry , Brisset François , Zasadzińska Małgorzata , Noga Piotr 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to present the effect of horizontal continuous casting parameters on macrosegregation and its effect on microstructures, textures, mechanical properties, and electrical resistivity of Cu–Mg alloy rod. By increasing the pulling distance and intermittent extraction time, chemical macrosegregation was observed along the longitudinal section of the cast rod, which reached a distance of 40 mm. Three areas were identified along the length of the material, especially at high pulling distance: with decreasing, quasi-stable, and increasing Mg concentration area. As the pulling distance increased, the difference in the observed extreme values of Mg concentration increased. Two distinct zones of different grain size were also observed. The first zone was formed of large columnar grains with a preferred direction of solidification $$\langle 100\rangle$$

⟨
100
⟩

inclined to the axis of the wire, followed by a second zone formed of small grains of random texture. Consequently, difference in resistivity occurred from one zone to another and the resistivity increased from 37.5 to 41 nΩm. Likewise, the hardness varied between the values of 90 up and 110 Hv. The most homogenous chemical composition was obtained with up to 6 mm of pulling distance and up to 3 seconds of intermittent extraction time.
G.A.I.T: gait analysis interactive tool a pipeline for automatic detection of gait events across different motor impairments
Authors: Nocilli Matteo , Scafa Stefano , La Porta Nicolò , Ghislieri Marco , Agostini Valentina , Moraud Eduardo M. , Puiatti Alessandro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe introduce an open-access tool capable of automatically extracting the timing of gait events during unconstrained locomotion across different neuromotor impairments. The gait analysis interactive tool is conceived as an assistant for gait assessment studies, both in healthy participants or in people with motor impairments affecting gait symmetry, regularity, or balance, as usually encountered in patients with neurological disorders. Our open-access pipeline makes it possible to automatically identify the time of key gait events (heel strike, toe off) from a single gyroscope axis (lateral mid-axis), simplifying experimental protocols, and can easily be used in everyday life conditions. The code is user-friendly and interactive. At each stage of analysis, it allows for possible adjustments and manual corrections of undetected or mismatched events. To implement, test, and validate our algorithm, we used three different databases of gait recordings that span from healthy subjects to patients affected by Parkinson’s disease. The pipeline consists of three main sections that allow us to segment, identify, and eventually correct the events within the gait cycle. The algorithm achieved an average accuracy of 99.23% over healthy participants, either with average weight or overweight, and a performance of 94.84% over patients with Parkinson’s disease. Even if gait analysis is a widely studied problem, so far, no open-source algorithm is available. The present work provides an easy tool capable of working with a minimum set of sensors and without any expensive platform or camera-based system. Employing three databases widely different for the environment, and for the subjects’ age and motor impairments highlights the versatility of our approach.
Liberalization of the Systemic Glucose Management is Associated with a Reduced Frequency of Neuroglucopenia in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Kofler Mario , Lindner Anna , Rass Verena , Ianosi Bogdan A. , Putnina Lauma , Kindl Philipp , Schiefecker Alois J. , Gaasch Maxime , Beer Ronny , Rhomberg Paul , Thomé Claudius , Schmutzhard Erich , Pfausler Bettina , Helbok Raimund 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Pathologically low brain glucose levels, referred to as neuroglucopenia, are associated with unfavorable outcomes in neurocritical care patients. We sought to investigate whether an increase in serum glucose levels would be associated with a reduction of neuroglucopenia.

Methods
In this retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data, we included 55 consecutive patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage who underwent cerebral microdialysis (CMD) monitoring. Neuroglucopenia was defined as CMD-glucose levels < 0.7 mmol/l. We identified systemic glucose liberalization events, defined as a day with median serum glucose levels < 150 mg/dl, followed by a day with median serum glucose levels > 150 mg/dl, and compared concentrations of cerebral metabolites between these days. Unfavorable outcome was defined as modified Rankin Scale score ≥ 3 at 3 months after the bleeding.

Results
Episodes of neuroglucopenia were more frequent in patients with unfavorable outcome (19.8% [19.3–20.3%] vs. 10.9% [10.4–11.5%], p = 0.007). Sixty-nine systemic glucose liberalization events were identified in 40 patients. Blood glucose levels increased from 141.2 (138.7–143.6) mg/dl to 159.5 (157.0–162.2) mg/dl (p < 0.001), CMD-glucose levels increased from 1.44 (1.39–1.50) mmol/l to 1.68 (1.62–1.75) mmol/l (p = 0.001), and the frequency of neuroglucopenia decreased from 24.7% (22.9–26.5%) to 20.2% (18.7–21.8%) (p = 0.002) during these events. Liberalization was not associated with changes in CMD-lactate, CMD-pyruvate, CMD–lactate-to-pyruvate ratio, CMD-glutamate, or CMD-glycerol.

Conclusions
In conclusion, the liberalization of serum glucose concentrations to levels between 150 and 180 mg/dl was associated with a significant reduction of neuroglucopenia.
The endemic plant species of Ebo Forest, Littoral Region, Cameroon, with a new Critically Endangered cloud forest shrub, Memecylon ebo (Melastomataceae-Olisbeoideae)
Authors: Stone Robert Douglas , Tchiengué Barthelemy , Cheek Martin 
Published: October 2024

SummaryWe emphasise the urgent need to conserve the Ebo forest (Littoral Region, Cameroon), which holds 10 strict endemic plant species and 15 near endemics for a total of 25, a very high number far exceeding the threshold for its recent status as an Important Plant Area (IPA). We describe a further strict endemic species from the Ebo Forest, Memecylon ebo sp. nov. (Melastomataceae-Olisbeoideae), placed in sect. Afzeliana due to its ellipsoid, blue-green fruits. The yellow petals and jade green anther-connectives of M. ebo are unique in the genus Memecylon, which has >400 species ranging overall from Africa to the western Pacific. Memecylon ebo is assessed as Critically Endangered [CR], using the 2012 IUCN standard, due to its small range size and the extremely high and ongoing threats of logging at Ebo and also due to subsequent threats of potential oil palm plantation and mining projects. With the addition of Memecylon ebo, the tally of Critically Endangered plant species recorded from Ebo forest is now the highest of any IPA in Cameroon, equalling that of Ngovayang with 24 CR species.
Effects of In-Row Spacing on Yield, Tuber Size Profiles, Bruise Damage, and Crop Values for Cultivars Alturas, Clearwater Russet and Ranger Russet in the Columbia Basin
Authors: Blauer Jacob Michael , Mattinson Dennis Scott 
Published: October 2024

AbstractVariety selection and cultural management practices are the most common considerations for improved profitability in potato production systems. Planting density investigations have led to both within and between-row spacing recommendations to maximize profitability for commonly grown potato cultivars. Planting density can significantly alter tuber set, tuber size distribution, yield and profitability depending on end-use of the crop. However, rarely have such investigations included an assessment of the residual effects of changes in tuber size distribution on tuber bruising (blackspot and shatter bruise) and associated financial returns. The physics of impact injury suggests that larger tubers are more prone to tuber bruising than smaller tubers when dropped from a similar height. In this study we varied the in-row spacing of seed to investigate the extent to which the associated changes in tuber size distribution affect tuber bruising and crop values. The results demonstrated that: (1) the extent of tuber bruising was directly correlated with total marketable yield as altered by in-row spacing; (2) marketable yields decreased as in-row spacing increased; (3) while the absolute yield (MT ha−1) of bruised tubers increased with closer in-row spacing, the spacing-induced shifts in tuber size distribution had no effect on the percentage of bruised tubers as a proportion of total yield; (4) larger tubers were more prone to bruising; and (5) closer in-row spacing significantly improved financial returns for both processing and seed contracts despite the increase in bruise yield.
Quality management of head and neck patient treatments using statistical process control techniques
Authors: Sandford Michael J. , Steel Jared G. , Goodworth Josie R. , Lodge Patrick J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe treatment, planning, simulation, and setup of radiotherapy patients contain many processes subject to errors involving both staff and equipment. Cone-beam-CT (CBCT) provides a final check of patient positioning and corrections based on this can be made prior to treatment delivery. Statistical Process Control (SPC) techniques are used in various industries for quality management and error mitigation. The utility of SPC techniques to monitor process and equipment changes in our Head and Neck patient treatments was assessed by application to CBCT results from a quality-focused longitudinal study. Individuals and moving range (XmR) as well as exponentially-weighted moving average (EWMA) techniques were explored. The SPC techniques were sensitive to process changes and trends over the 12 years of data collected. A reduction in the random component of patient setup errors needing correction was observed. Systematic components of error remained more stable. An uptick in both datasets was observed correlating with the COVID-19 pandemic. Process control limits for use in prospective process monitoring were established. Challenges that arose from using SPC techniques in a retrospective study are outlined.
Integration of Geological Model and Numerical Simulation Technique to Characterize the Remaining Oil of Fractured Biogenic Limestone Reservoirs
Authors: Yu Xingchen , Kang Zhihong , Li Yunpeng , Lin Xuechun , Xie Lei , Li Jiaqi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFine geological modeling leads to accurate reservoirs numerical simulations. Fractured biogenic limestone has abundant storage spaces and flow paths to accumulate oil and gas. The complexity and diversity of fractured biogenic limestone also lead to challenges in accurately characterizing its pore volume and remaining oil. This investigation aimed to enhance the understanding of fractured biotite reservoir properties via geological modeling. Numerical simulations were used to characterize the remaining oil during the late stage of field development. Considering the differences in porosity and permeability between fractures and matrix, a facies-controlled stochastic modeling technique was used to establish a dual-porosity and dual-permeability (DPDP) model for numerical simulation. Core information, logging data, and multiple seismic attributes were combined to guide low-level sequence fault interpretation for tectonic refinement. Based on classified seismic inversion, sedimentary phases were reconstructed. A discrete fracture network (DFN) model was obtained based on fracture occurrences and density models. The optimized discrete adjoint (ODA) algorithm was utilized to calibrate model parameters. The findings revealed that dense tectonic fractures develop in thick biogenic limestone areas. Combined with advanced reservoir simulation technology, these findings suggest that areas of thicker biogenic limestone were consistent with areas of higher fracture matrix conductivity multipliers. The remaining oil distribution patterns were investigated, and to deploy new wells was guided. Therefore, it is essential to better understand the tectonic characteristics of fractured biogenic limestone reservoirs and their remaining oil distribution patterns by integrating multiple sources of information and mastering advanced reservoir simulation technology for oilfield development.
25 years of experience on the management of enterococcal infective endocarditis an observational study
Authors: Schubert Lorenz , Chen Rui-Yang , Weiss-Tessbach Matthias , Kriz Richard , Obermüller Markus , Jackwerth Matthias , Barousch Wolfgang , Burgmann Heinz , Kussmann Manuel , Traby Ludwig 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
As they are effective and well tolerated, aminopenicillins are still the cornerstone for the treatment of enterococcal infections. Current treatment guidelines for infective endocarditis (IE) recommend combination treatments, which carry a higher risk of adverse effects and are based on limited in vitro and experimental data. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the treatments of enterococcal IE in real-life practice.

Methods
A total of 4121 episodes of enterococcal bloodstream infections, occurring between 1994 and 2019, were screened for the evidence of IE. Baseline characteristics, risk factors for complicated infections and treatment information were assessed and analyzed using Cox regression analysis.

Results
Overall, 80 (3.9%) IE episodes were identified of which 78 were included in the final analysis. Treatment regimens in our cohort comprised aminopenicillin-monotherapy (n = 20), teicoplanin-monotherapy (n = 26), other monotherapies (OMT) (n = 8), as well as combinations of ampicillin plus daptomycin (n = 8), ampicillin plus gentamicin (n = 4) or other combinations (n = 9). Overall mortality at 28-days was low (9 of 75) and increased to (19 of 75) after 6-months. Frequency of moderate to severe valve regurgitation (p = 0.89), or signs of uncontrolled infection (p = 0.5) and vegetation size ≥ 10 mm (p = 0.11) were similar in the treatment groups. None of the treatment groups was associated with increased hazard for IE-related mortality.

Conclusions
This retrospective study complements previous evidence, demonstrating that monotherapy regimens may be a suitable and effective option for the treatment of IE and supports the need for a prospective evaluation of aminopenicillin-monotherapy for initial and subsequent therapy in these patients.
Therapiestrategien von repetitiven Vokalisationen bei Demenz
Authors: Taubenheim Samuel , Quante Arnim 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Vokalisationen bei Demenzerkrankten sind sich wiederholende, verbale Äußerungen, die aufgrund ihrer Lautstärke, Häufigkeit und/oder sozialer Unangemessenheit zu negativen Auswirkungen auf Erkrankte und weitere anwesende Individuen führen. Die Prävalenz liegt bei bis zu 30 %. Aufgrund einer stark zunehmenden Inzidenz weltweiter Demenzerkrankungen und einer geringen Anzahl randomisierter kontrollierter Studien hinsichtlich der Behandlung repetitiver Vokalisationen, soll dieses systematische Review eine Zusammenfassung existierender Arbeiten über die Effektivität möglicher pharmakotherapeutischer und nicht pharmakologischer Therapien geben.

Methoden
Das systematische Review basiert auf den PRISMA-Richtlinien und die Anmeldung erfolgte auf der Registrierungsseite PROSPERO (Registriernummer: CRD42023486344). Die Literaturrecherche fand in den Datenbanken PubMed und Embase statt. Aufgrund einer mangelnden Datenlage wurden ebenfalls Fallberichte eingeschlossen.

Ergebnisse
Von 2635 relevanten Artikeln wurden 25 Arbeiten in das Review inkludiert. Es konnte für SSRI, Pregabalin, Gabapentin und für die Antipsychotika Haloperidol und Risperidon anhand von wenigen Fallberichten eine Wirksamkeit belegt werden, die allerdings mit Nebenwirkungen behaftet war. Nicht pharmakologische Interventionen zeigten sich ebenfalls wirksam.

Schlussfolgerung
Medikamentöse und nichtmedikamentöse Interventionen sind wirksame Behandlungsansätze hinsichtlich repetitiver Vokalisationen bei Demenzerkrankten. Aufgrund der Tatsache, dass kaum randomisiert-kontrollierte Studien vorliegen, müssen die Ergebnisse dieses systematischen Reviews mit Vorsicht interpretiert werden. Die Ergebnisse dieses Reviews zeigen, dass bei vielen Interventionen randomisiert-kontrollierte Studien zu fordern sind.
Collaborative Preclinical/Clinical Efforts Aimed at Strengthening a Neurology Residency Program: Challenges, Activities and Outcomes
Authors: Nolan Michael F. , McNamara John P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRecent trends in medical education have included efforts to better integrate traditionally preclinical content with subject matter included in the clinical years of the curriculum. The participation of clinical faculty in preclinical courses is well established; however, involvement of biomedical science faculty in resident education is less common. We describe here a project in which a basic science faculty member participated in a neurology residency program to address specific basic science knowledge weaknesses identified by the neurology department chair. We address issues and challenges associated with planning and implementation. Benefits to both the residents and the biomedical scientist are described.
Impacts of international trade on the SMT view of the economy
Authors: Oka Tosihiro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractShiozawa, Morioka and Taniguchi (2019)’s Microfoundations for Evolutionary Economics (Springer Japan) provided an alternative view (SMT view) of the economy to the orthodox equilibrium view of the economy. According to the SMT view, demand and supply are matched by quantity adjustment under fixed prices, and prices function as a transmitter of cost information downstream as well as a guide for choice and development of techniques. This paper examines the impacts of international trade on the SMT view based on the new theory of international values (NTIV). In a closed economy, prices are uniquely determined even if there are many choices of techniques by the minimal price theorem. With international trade, due to the multiplicity of wages, prices are not uniquely determined. Whether this fact allows demand to participate in the determination of prices is examined, and it is clarified that because of the disparity of real production possibility set from the hypothetical one, which is effective in determining prices, demand loses the power of equilibration. This fact opens up the possibility and even necessity of production taking place below the maximal boundary, which is accompanied by unemployment. Individual firms’ behavior in the choice and development of techniques and the process of price conversion that are consistent with the SMT view and the NTIV is formulated. A residual unsolved question of wage adjustment following technological changes is identified.