bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitigating factors of screen time on children: a systematic review
Authors: Sharma Harshita , Ahuja Sona 
Published: October 2024

Screen time is a modern dilemma that has unplugged children from Mother Nature. It is a time that the child spends using technologically driven devices such as television, smartphones, computers, gaming consoles, etc. For children, this shift is profound as they grow up in an immersed digital era that has lasting effects on their development and well-being. This systematic review aims to identify the intervention strategies for lessening screen exposure and finding mitigating factors of screen time for young children aged 4 to 12 years old. Screen time-related studies were searched in two databases PubMed and EMBASE. The keywords of “screen time”, “television”, “video”, “computer”, “mobile device”, “children”, “interventions”, and “strategies” used for search. The inclusion criteria are limited to specific study populations, intervention, comparison, and outcomes (PICOs), language, and published study types. The quality of articles was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) tool. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted the data. Seven eligible studies were included out of a total of four hundred and eighteen studies. The study sample ranges in the age range of (4-12 years) and the size ranges from (75 children and 39 parents to 709 children and 64 parents) participants. In included studies (randomized controlled trials), we found seven mitigating factors of screen time usage. It showed that in addition to educating people about the dangers of excessive screen time, effective programs, implementing restrictive practices, and providing a healthy home environment were the most common strategies used by the researchers. Future screen time reduction studies could benefit from incorporating more emphasis on implementing interventions like structured screen time, school involvement, health education, and more awareness programs to mitigate screen time among children.
Impactos do Trabalho Remoto na Qualidade Vocal e na Comunicação Oral de Professores de Canto Durante a Pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Vieira Jéssica Rafael , Lamego Caio Roberto Siqueira , Coelho Cristiane Magacho , Pereira Tiago Rosa 
Published: October 2024

A pandemia da COVID-19, fez com que, em 2020, se iniciassem diversas medidas de distanciamento e isolamento social para combater o avanço da doença. Repentinamente, professores tiveram que se adaptar ao ensino online e aprender a utilizar diferentes ferramentas tecnológicas para poder dar continuidade ao processo de ensino dos seus alunos, enfrentando grandes desafios. O tema deste projeto foi motivado pelo pensamento de que o ensino do canto vai além da docência tradicional. Ele se mistura com aspectos subjetivos da arte e da música e possui uma pedagogia própria. Diante de tal complexidade, este artigo tem como objetivo relatar os achados da investigação de quais foram os impactos gerados aos professores de canto, inclusive os impactos na qualidade vocal e na comunicação oral causados pela modalidade de trabalho remoto imposta pela COVID-19.

Palavras-chave: COVID-19. Fonoaudiologia. Voz. Aula remota. Professor de canto.
Circular Pear Production Using Compost Fertilization: Influence on Tree Growth and Nitrogen Leaf Content
Authors: Butcaru Ana Cornelia , Mihai Cosmin Alexandru , Mot Andrei , Gogot Ruxandra , Hoza Dorel , Stanica Florin 
Published: October 2024

The circular economy with compost fertilization is included in the sustainable orchard paradigm, creating a holistic production ecosystem. Modern orchards are mostly intensive and super-intensive, requiring different rootstocks. This research presents the response to compost fertilization of two specific pear rootstocks (quince ‘CTS 212’ and ‘Farold® 40’) and own-rooted trees, analyzing six resistant cultivars in a circular production system. The dynamic of nitrogen and carbon content in leaves, soil respiration coefficient, the evolution of the fruit maturity stage in the field, and some biometric parameters such as trunk cross-section area, the annual vegetative growth, and fruiting shoots annual number were analyzed. The results highlighted the effect of compost fertilization on plants: almost all variants presented higher nitrogen amounts in leaves in the first and second years. Carbon content in leaves had a lower dynamic over time. Rootstock and compost fertilization influenced the fruit maturity dynamic, but a single pattern was not identified. Quince as pear rootstock expressed a higher sensitivity to compost application, the biometric parameters as trunk cross-section area, and almost all cultivars&#039; annual vegetative growth were higher than the control&#039;s. Positive output can lead to future model upscaling in the farms and households.
The olivine-ringwoodite transformation triggers deep slab seismicity and rheological weakening
Authors: Rikuto Honda , Kubo Tomoaki , Miyahara Masaaki , Iwasato Takuya , Mori Yuichiro , Higo Yuji , Tsubokawa Yumiko , Goto Yuta , Suzuki Akio , Shibizaki Yuki 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The subducting cold oceanic plates (slabs) exhibit the paradoxical deformation behaviors of deep seismicity and rheological weakening at the mantle transition zone (MTZ, ~400–700 km depths). The high-pressure transformation in olivine, a major constituent silicate mineral, is kinetically inhibited forming the metastable olivine wedge (MOW) in the cold center of the subducting slabs. Although the transformation of metastable olivine to ringwoodite (spinel structure) has been proposed as the possible trigger for the two contrasting behaviors of cold slabs, there have been almost no direct experimental evidence so far. Here we report new experimental results on the transformation-deformation coupling processes at ~20 GPa corresponding to the MTZ pressures. Ringwoodite is produced as nano-polycrystalline lamellae (NPL) under uniaxial stress. The thin ringwoodite NPL trigger unstable slips with coseismic stress drops by superplastic flow coupled with thermal instability at ~760–860°C. The thickening of NPL at ~950–1,330°C stabilizes the localized deformation, at which the transformation is effectively enhanced utilizing their incoherent nature, leading to homogeneous superplastic flow. Thus, the superplasticity in newly-formed ringwoodite plays key roles in the transformation-deformation coupling that occurs differently with temperatures. The paradoxical deformation behaviors of MTZ slabs can be explained by the stress-induced formation of ringwoodite NPL triggering deep seismicity at low temperatures in the vicinity of MOW, and the subsequent bulk transformation leading to homogeneous weakening at higher temperatures outside MOW.
Association of Breastfeeding Duration with Cardiac Structure and Function in 4 Years Old
Authors: Sun Kun , Wang Zhi , Yang Ling , Du Bowen , Wang Hualin , Xu Caifang , Wang Qianchuo , Li Zhuoyan , Xu Zhikang , Wang Hui , Wang Jian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Breast milk is an important source of nutrition for infant development. But few studies have investigated the relationship between breastfeeding duration and children's cardiac structure and function.
Objectives
To assess the association of the duration of breastfeeding in infancy with cardiac structures and functions in 4-year-old children.
Methods
We analyzed follow-up data from the Shanghai Birth Cohort (SBC). A total of 891 mother-offspring pairs were included in this study. This study calculates the total duration of breastfeeding, which includes exclusive breastfeeding and mixed feeding. The duration of breastfeeding was categorized into three groups: less than 6 months, 6 to 12 months, and 12 months or more.
Results
The results showed that: compared to 4-year-old children who were breastfed for less than 6 months, those breastfed for more than 6 months had bigger left atrial and ventricular volume, including increased left atrial diastolic volume [LAVd (βad: 2.09, 95% CIad: 1.35, 2.83)], left atrial systolic volume [LAVs (βad: 0.92, 95% CIad: 0.53, 1.3)], left ventricular diastolic volume [LVEDV (βad: 2.00, 95% CIad: 0.36, 3.62)] and systolic volume [LVESV (βad: 0.87, 95% CIad: 0.17, 1.57)]. The cardiac structural changes in 4-year-old children breastfed for more than 12 months were consistent with those breastfed for 6–12 months. In the further subgroup analysis, the above findings were more evident in girls and children born with lower birthweight.
Conclusions
Four-year-old children who were breastfed for six months or more had increased left heart volume, and this association was influenced by gender and birthweight.
Experimentally designed sensor for the real-time detection of Molnupiravir degradation: Optimization, Characterization, and Application"
Authors: EL-Sanafery Safa S. , [ Gehad G. Mohamed , Hamad Sherif F. , Saad Ahmed Sayed 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Isobutyric acid is short-chain fatty acid. In pharmaceutical analysis, quantifying isobutyric acid is essential for ensuring the purity and stability of pharmaceutical products. Molnupiravir, for instance, is an antiviral drug approved by the FDA to treat COVID-19. Isobutyric acid is a known impurity that may be present in Molnupiravir formulations due to the synthesis process or degradation over time. Isobutyric acid can irritate the lungs. Repeated exposure may cause bronchitis to develop with cough, phlegm, and/or shortness of breath. The current study is the first study for isobutyric acid determination used carbon paste electrodes. Tetradodecyl ammonium chloride surfactant (TDAC) used as ionophore in a quality-by-design approach to develop and optimize a carbon-paste sensor for isobutyric acid . Twenty-one sensors with different compositions were tested, and the results were computationally analyzed to generate prediction models. Using the prediction models, the function predicted with 96.7% desirability that a sensor containing 16.85% ion-exchanger, 0% graphene, and o-NPOE as a plasticizer would achieve a Nernstian slope of 57.035 mV/decade, an R-squared approaching unity, and a response time of 6.2 seconds. The sensor accurately measured isobutyric acid concentrations within a wide linear range (9.0×10-8 –1.0×10-2 mol L-1) with high sensitivity and selectivity. The sensor’s morphologya and compostion were examined using the scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Isobutyric acid was determined in different smamples like waste water, urine and plasma and spiked Molnupiravir standard samples. Molnupiravir thermal stability also was examined using proposed electrode. The results obtained from electrochemical method was compared with data obtained from HPLC method.
Evaluation of Primary Health Care Nurses’ Knowledge and Neonatal Screening Performance for Phenylketonuria in Alexandria
Authors: Ismail Esraa , Elarousy Wafaa , Badawe Shaymaa , Abohadida Rasha 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Nurses play a crucial role in the primary prevention of phenylketonuria (PKU) within national screening programs for newborns. This is achieved through consult with the child's provider promptly to arrange a PKU test, accurate collection of blood samples at maternal and child health centers, enable early detection of potential cases.
Aim: This study aimed to assess the level of primary health care nurses’ knowledge and neonatal screening performance for phenylketonuria in Alexandria
Methods: A descriptive research design was used. The study included all nurses (50 nurses) who are responsible for obtaining newborn screening test from 5 primary health care centers in Alexandria. Two tools were used to collect the necessary data: nurses' knowledge regarding phenylketonuria disease assessment sheet and nurses' performance about newborn screening for phenylketonuria observational checklist.
Results: it was found that the mean age of participant was 42.94±5.0 and 52% of them had completed their technical level of education and the means years of experience was 17.64±4.84. The total mean score of nurses' knowledge regarding phenylketonuria screening was 16.24±1.99 with the mean percent score of 72.72±8.27. It was also found the total score of nurses' screening performance was 11.0±0.97 with the mean percent score of 64.71±5.70. A significant positive correlation was found between nurses’ knowledge and their screening performance with P = <0.001.
Conclusion: It was concluded from this current study that majority of participant nurses had correct knowledge in neonatal screening and many aspects of phenylketonuria disease. Although the majority of nurses correctly performed many screening steps, they still need support in many steps especially related to infection control steps.
Bioinspired structural color hydrogel skin from colloidal crystal arrays for epidermal sensing
Authors: Fu Fanfan , Liu Changyi , Zhao Qingyu , Cao Yucheng , Li Xiaohui , Peng Kexin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Developing multifunctional structural color hydrogel skin without sacrificing the unique periodic structure of photonic crystals is still a challenge due to the photonic bandgap limitation. Taking advantage of the synergistic effect of electrostatic repulsion and electronic conductivity, an intelligent structural color hydrogel skin with electrical and photonic sensing capabilities has been developed by doping MXene (Ti3C2Tx) nanosheets and adhesive functional groups (nucleobases) into colloidal particle solutions. The introduction of MXene nanosheets could improve both the stability and the electrical conductivity of the colloidal particle solutions, resulting in a conductive hydrogel with bright structural colors. With the help of functional groups of nucleobases, the resulting structural color hydrogel was also endowed with high biocompatibility and strong adhesion to different substrates, including the wet surface of tissues. It was demonstrated that the structural color hydrogel can not only realize visual sensing of tiny limb movements but also provide stable electrical sensing signals. The intelligent structural color hydrogel can be integrated into a capacitor device as a hydrogel electronic skin to simulate the sensory function of human skin. The results showed that such hydrogel skin can simulate the touch of human skin and perceive tiny movements on the body surface with both electrical and photonic singles. These features of the multifunctional structural color hydrogels make them potentially excellent value in bio-inspired hydrogel skin electronics.
Monitoring and Prediction of Surface Subsidence by Combining SSA-LSTM and TS-InSAR - A Case Study of Kunming Urban Area
Authors: Li Bolin , Peng Yilong , Tang ShaoFan , Li Yuehan , Wang Bo , Li Jianhua 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

To enhance our understanding of urban surface deformation mechanisms and to prevent geohazards, this study utilizes two time-series Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) methods with Sentinel-1 data: Persistent Scatterer-InSAR (PS-InSAR) and Small Baseline Subset-InSAR (SBAS-InSAR). These complementary methods jointly validate surface subsidence data in Kunming's urban area from 2020 to 2022. Utilizing this data, the study introduces and implements a Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) network model, which is optimized by the Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA), to forecast and analyze future surface subsidence trends in Kunming. The results reveal that: (1) Kunming's urban area is undergoing persistent, large-scale surface subsidence, with cumulative subsidence measured at 122.8 mm. (2) Geographical location significantly influences the subsidence areas. (3) The subsidence in Area B is predominantly influenced by vehicular traffic. (4) The SSA-LSTM model accurately predicts the future trajectory of surface subsidence in Kunming's urban environment. (5) The complexity of the causes of surface settlement in Kunming is linked to natural factors, including geography, climate, and geology, as well as human activities such as rapid urbanization, groundwater extraction, subsurface construction, and mining operations. In conclusion, through a thorough, multifaceted analysis employing various methods, this study offers fresh insights and a robust scientific foundation for grasping the dynamics of surface subsidence in Kunming and for the anticipation and prevention of geological disasters. Subsequent research will continue to investigate the myriad factors influencing surface subsidence to more precisely forecast and mitigate the risks of geohazards. This work is vital for informed urban planning and the promotion f sustainable development.
Preserving quality and enhancing sensory attributes of chicken lunch meat: free and microencapsulated shrimp shell extract
Authors: Sharayei Parvin , Azarpazhooh Elham , Zare Fatemeh , Sabeghi Yeganeh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of free (FAST) and microencapsulated forms (MFAST, and MSAST) of astaxanthin (AST) on the quality, antioxidant and sensory properties of chicken lunch meat (CLM) over a 45-day period at 4°C, and were compared along with synthetic sodium nitrate and a control sample. The results demonstrated that AST levels in CLMs decreased during storage; however, microencapsulation significantly preserved approximately twice as much AST compared to CLMs containing free AST. Samples containing AST showed significantly higher antioxidant activity compared to both the control and sodium nitrate samples. Microencapsulated forms exhibited stronger radical scavenging activity, surpassing the free forms by more than 10 units, particularly in CLMs supplemented with freeze-dried AST (approximately 44% higher). Microbial growth rate increased over time, ranging from 2.82 ± 0.03 log10(CFU/g) on the first day to over 5.35 ± 0.04 log10(CFU/g) on day 45, while still remaining within acceptable microbial limits. In terms of sensory attributes, the FAST treatment at different concentrations resulted in moderately acceptable levels, however, the MFAST and MSAST treatments at higher concentrations received excellent scores. These findings highlight the potential of microencapsulation as a valuable technique for preserving AST and developing high-quality meat products with extended shelf life and enhanced sensory characteristics.
Association between different insulin resistance surrogates and all-cause mortality in patients with Osteoarthritis: Evidence from a large population-based study
Authors: Xuan Mingyang , Zhao Peihan , Xiao Congyou , Zhong Xianggen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Timely identification and intervention of risk factors impacting prognosis are imperative for individuals with Osteoarthritis (OA). However, the relationship between insulin resistance (IR) surrogates and long-term all-cause mortality in patients with OA remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationship between different IR surrogates and all-cause mortality and identify valuable predictors of survival status in this population.
Methods
The data came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2001–2018) and National Death Index (NDI). Multivariate Cox regression and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were performed to evaluate the relationship between homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR), triglyceride glucose index (TyG index), triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI index) and all-cause mortality. The segmented regression and Log-likelihood ratio test were conducted to calculate cut-off points when segmenting effects were found. Then, segmented Kaplan–Meier analysis, LogRank tests, and multivariable Cox regression were carried out. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and decision curve analysis (DCA) were drawn to evaluate the differentiation and accuracy of IR surrogates in predicting the all-cause mortality. Stratified analysis and interaction tests were conducted according to age, gender, diabetes, cancer, and hypoglycemic drugs or insulin use.
Results
1154 participants were included in the study. During the median follow-up of 124 months, 369 participants died. RCS showed that HOMA-IR had a segmented effect on all-cause mortality. 3.72 was a statistically significant inflection point. When the HOMA-IR was less than 3.72, it was negatively associated with all-cause mortality[HR = 0.78,95%CI (0.64, 0.94),P = 0.011]. Conversely, when the HOMA-IR was greater than 3.72, it was positively associated with all-cause mortality [HR = 1.05,95%CI (1.01, 1.09),P = 0.017]. ROC and calibration curves indicated that HOMA-IR was a reliable predictor of survival status (area under curve = 0.8475). No interactions between HOMA-IR and stratified variables were found.
Conclusion
HOMA-IR display a U-shaped association with all-cause mortality in patients with OA. HOMA-IR was a reliable predictor of all-cause mortality in this population.
Clinical aspects, persistent symptoms, physical functionality, and quality of life 24 months after COVID-19
Authors: Salgado Marcos Moreno , Silva Flaviana Santos de Sousa , Lima Giérisson Brenno Borges , Jansen Tailane Cristina Sousa , Borges Daniel Lago , Salgado Pollyanna Maria Santos Diniz , Filho Almir Vieira Dibai , Correa Hugo de Luca , Amorim Carlos Eduardo Neves 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction Patients affected by SARS-CoV-2 may experience sequelae and symptoms such as fatigue, abnormalities in lung function and decreased quality of life scores.
Objective To evaluate the clinical, functional aspects, and quality of life post-COVID-19 recovery.
Methods This study comprised 43 patients from São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. Were collected manovacuometry, Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), Post-COVID-19 Functional Scale (PCFS), EuroQol-5D Quality of Life Questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L), and anthropometry.
Results Predominated females, age of 55±12.3 years; 93.0% reported tiredness and fatigue. Women exhibited a higher percentage of normal maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) (60.5%) and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), moderate (36.8%). Moderate functional limitation was reported by 51.2%, and 48% experienced fatigue. The EQ-5D-5L averaged 60, with 46.5% at high cardiovascular risk based on waist-hip ratio, 16.3% identified as sarcopenic. Unsupervised machine learning correlated higher MIP and MEP with lower fatigue and sarcopenia. The main components in the multivariate analysis were: waist, hip, calf circumference and MIP.
Conclusion Anthropometry negatively impact functionality and quality of life. Symptoms as fatigue, joint pain, and dyspnea, persisted approximately 24 months post-COVID-19.
Symmetric and Asymmetric Impact of Gender Inequality, Gender Parity Index, Trade Openness, Green Energy and FLFP on Economic Growth in India
Authors: Kaur Simarpreet , Yadav Arvind Kumar , Ansari Mohd Arshad , Jena Pabitra Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the dynamic relationship between gender inequality, gender parity, trade openness green energy and female labour force participation in India over 33 years from 1990 to 2022. The ARDL results show that female labour force participation, male labour force participation and gender parity positively and significantly affect economic growth in the short and long term. The NARDL model in labour force participation rate observed positive and negative shocks, with negative shocks having a greater effect on economic growth. In the short run, green energy has less impact on economic growth compared to female labour force participation. These findings confirmed that the government should prioritise boosting female labour force participation, which has a critical impact on economic growth. Investment in skill development and inclusive labour policies might reduce the negative shocks.
JEL Classification: J16, J21, O40