bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition Promotes White Matter Integrity and Long-Term Functional Recovery after chronic hypoperfusion in mice
Authors: Chen Yuxue , Tian Hao , Yao Ensheng , Tian Yeye , Zhang Huaqiu , Xu Li , Yu Zhiyuan , Fang Yongkang , Wang Wei , Du Peng , Xie Minjie 
Published: August 2017

AbstractChronic cerebral hypoperfusion induced cerebrovascular white matter lesions (WMLs) are closely associated with cognitive impairment and other neurological deficits. The mechanism of demyelination in response to hypoperfusion has not yet been fully clarified. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is an endogenous key enzyme in the metabolic conversion and degradation of P450 eicosanoids called epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. Inhibition of sEH has been suggested to represent a prototype “combination therapy” targeting multiple mechanisms of stroke injury with a single agent. However, its role in the pathological process after WMLs has not been clarified. The present study was to investigate the role of a potent sEH inhibitor, 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU), on multiple elements in white matter of mice brain after chronic hypoperfusion. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) to induce WMLs. Administration of TPPU significantly inhibited microglia activation and inflammatory response, increased M2 polarization of microglial cells, enhanced oligodendrogenesis and differentiation of oligodendrocytes, promoted white matter integrity and remyelination following chronic hypoperfusion. Moreover, these cellular changes were translated into a remarkable functional restoration. The results suggest that sEH inhibition could exert multi-target protective effects and alleviate cognitive impairment after chronic hypoperfusion induced WMLs in mice.
Elevated serum antibody against Schistosoma japonicum HSP60 as a promising biomarker for liver pathology in schistosomiasis
Authors: Chen Xiaojun , Li Wei , Li Yalin , Xu Lei , Zhou Sha , Zhu Jifeng , Xu Zhipeng , Liu Feng , Lin Dandan , Hu Fei , Liu Yuemin , Jiang Wen , Cui Liwang , Su Chuan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe pathology associated with Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) infection in humans is attributed to parasite egg-induced granulomatous inflammation and fibrosis in the host liver. Currently, a marker that is reliable, cheap, less device-dependent, and can be easily and repeatedly used on a large scale to monitor the progression of liver pathology in schistosomiasis japonica endemic areas is lacking. The levels of serum S. japonicum heat shock protein 60 (SjHSP60)-specific IgG and its subtype antibodies in animals (mice and rabbits) or patients with schistosomiasis were measured by ELISA. Liver pathologies in mice and rabbits were evaluated by gross pathology and histopathology, and hepatic fibrosis in patients was examined with ultrasound imaging. The results revealed that the titers of the total IgG and subtype IgG1 anti-SjHSP60 antibodies were positively correlated with the severity of liver pathology after S. japonicum infection. Our findings indicate that the SjHSP60 IgG and IgG1 antibody levels can be used as potential candidate biomarkers for evaluation of liver pathology in schistosomiasis; however, validation remains to be explored in further work.
Sleep mediates the association between homocysteine and oxidative status in mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Sanchez-Espinosa Mayely P. , Atienza Mercedes , Cantero Jose L. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTremendous progress has been made over the last few years in understanding how sleep and amyloid-β (Aβ) cooperate to speed up the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, it remains unknown whether sleep deficits also interact with other risk factors that exacerbate the pathological cascade of AD. Based on evidence showing that higher levels of homocysteine (HCY) and sleep loss increase oxidative damage, we here investigate whether the relationship between HCY and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is mediated by changes in objective sleep in healthy older (HO, N = 21) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI, N = 21) subjects. Results revealed that reduced TAC levels in MCI was significantly correlated with increased HCY, shorter sleep duration, lower sleep efficiency, and reduced volume of temporal regions. However, only the HCY-TAC association showed diagnostic value, and this relationship was mediated by poorer sleep quality in MCI patients. We further showed that HCY-related cerebral volume loss in MCI depended on the serial relationship between poorer sleep quality and lower TAC levels. These findings provide novel insights into how impaired sleep may contribute to maintain the relationship between HCY and oxidative stress in prodromal AD, and offer empirical foundations to design therapeutic interventions aimed to weaken this link.
3D biomimetic artificial bone scaffolds with dual-cytokines spatiotemporal delivery for large weight-bearing bone defect repair
Authors: Bao Xiaogang , Zhu Lingjun , Huang Xiaodong , Tang Dezhi , He Dannong , Shi Jiangang , Xu Guohua 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIt is a great challenge to prepare “functional artificial bone” for the repair of large segmental defect, especially in weight-bearing bones. In this study, bioactive HA/PCL composite scaffolds that possess anatomical structure as autogenous bone were fabricated by CT-guided fused deposition modeling technique. The scaffolds can provide mechanical support and possess osteoconduction property. Then the VEGF-165/BMP-2 loaded hydrogel was filled into biomimetic artificial bone spatially to introduce osteoinduction and angioinduction ability via sustained release of these cytokines. It has been revealed that the cytokine-loaded hydrogel possessed good biodegradability and could release the VEGF-165/BMP-2 sustainedly and steadily. The synergistic effect of these two cytokines showed significant stimulation on the osteogenic gene expresssion of osteoblast in vitro and ectopic ossification in vivo. The scaffolds were then implanted into the rabbit tibial defect sites (1.2 cm) for bone regeneration for 12 weeks, indicating the best repair of defect in vivo, which was superior to the pure hydrogel/scaffolds or one-cytokine loaded hydrogel/scaffolds and close to autogenous bone graft. The strategy to construct an “anatomy-structure-function” trinity system as functional artificial bone shows great potential in replacing autogenous bone graft and applying in large bone defect repair clinically in future.
Glycolipid and Hormonal Profiles in Young Men with Early-Onset Androgenetic Alopecia: A meta-analysis
Authors: Cannarella Rossella , La Vignera Sandro , Condorelli Rosita A. , Calogero Aldo E. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHormonal and metabolic abnormalities have been reported in men with early-onset androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Although this has been ascribed to the existence of a male polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-equivalent, data on this topic are inconsistent and this syndrome has not been already acknowledged. To evaluate if, already before the age of 35 years, any difference occurs in the glycolipid and hormonal profiles and in the body weight in men with AGA compared to age-matched controls, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of all the available observational case-control studies of literature, using MEDLINE, Google Schoolar and Scopus databases. Among 10596 papers retrieved, seven studies were finally included, enrolling a total of 1009 participants. Our findings demonstrate that young men with AGA have a slightly but significantly worse glycolipid profile compared to controls and a hormonal pattern resembling those of women with PCOS, already before the age of 35 years. Therefore, early-onset AGA might represent a phenotypic sign of the male PCOS-equivalent. The acknowledgement of this syndrome would be of importance to prevent the long-term consequences on health in the affected men. The glycolipid profile and the body weight should be monitored in men with AGA starting from the second decade of life.
Tilt sensor based on a dual‐axis microaccelerometer with maximum sensitivity and minimum uncertainty in the full measurement range
Authors: Li Enfu , Zhong Jiming , Chang Honglong 
Published: August 2017

This work presents an approach to enhance the sensitivity and lower the uncertainty of a tilt sensor based on a dual‐axis accelerometer. The arctangent function arctan(a2/a1) instead of traditional arcsine function arcsin(a2/g) or arcsin(a1/g) is used to solve for tilt angle. As a result, the measured sensitivity of tilt angle is kept in the maximum constant value (17.45 mg/°) and the measurement uncertainty is kept in the minimum constant value (0.033° for the tilt sensor of this work) in the measurement range of −90° to +90°. It is also experimentally verified that the solving method has the maximum sensitivity (the average value of 17.74 mg/° with a root mean square of 0.008 mg/°) and minimum uncertainty (the average value of 0.034° with a root mean square of 0.003°) compared with other solving methods in the range of −90° to +90°]. The output of tilt sensor in the range of −90° to+90° and +90° to +270° is axial symmetry about 90°, so it is easy to extend the measurement range to 360°. Therefore, the presented approach is proved to be effective to enhance tilt sensor sensitivity and lower the uncertainty.
Central Venous Catheter-Associated Deep Venous Thrombosis in Critically Ill Children
Authors: Faustino Edward 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe presence of a central venous catheter and admission to the intensive care unit are the most important risk factors for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in children. At least 18% of critically ill children with a catheter develop radiologically confirmed catheter-associated thrombosis. Clinically apparent thrombosis occurs in 3% of critically ill children with a catheter and is associated with 8 additional days of mechanical ventilation. Even when the thrombus is initially asymptomatic, 8 to 18% of critically ill children with catheter-associated thrombosis develop postthrombotic syndrome. Thrombosis is uncommon within 24 hours after insertion of a nontunneled catheter in critically ill children, but nearly all thrombi have developed by 4 days after insertion. Hypercoagulability during or immediately after insertion of the catheter plays an essential role in the development of thrombosis. Pharmacologic prophylaxis, including local anticoagulation with heparin-bonded catheter, has not been shown to reduce the risk of catheter-related thrombosis in children. Systemic anticoagulation in critically ill children started soon after the insertion of the catheter, however, may be beneficial. A multicenter clinical trial that is testing this hypothesis is currently underway.
The Modified Ottawa Score and Clinical Events in Hospitalized Patients with Cancer-Associated Thrombosis from the Swiss VTE Registry
Authors: Alatri Adriano , Mazzolai Lucia , Kucher Nils , Aujesky Drahomir , Beer Jürg , Baldi Thomas , Banyai Martin , Hayoz Daniel , Kaeslin Thomas , Korte Wolfgang , Escher Robert , Husmann Marc , Frauchiger Beat , Engelberger Rolf , Baumgartner Iris , Spirk David 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe modified Ottawa score (MOS) predicted venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence in a cohort of patients with cancer-associated thrombosis mainly managed on an outpatient basis. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of the MOS in hospitalized patients with cancer-associated thrombosis. In 383 hospitalized patients with cancer-associated VTE from the SWIss VTE Registry, 98 (25%) were classified as low risk, 175 (46%) as intermediate risk, and 110 (29%) as high risk for VTE recurrence based on the MOS. Clinical end points were recurrent VTE, fatal VTE, major bleeding, and overall mortality at 90 days. Overall, 179 (47%) patients were female, 172 (45%) had metastatic disease, and 72 (19%) prior VTE. The primary site of cancer was lung in 48 (13%) patients and breast in 43 (11%). According to the MOS, the rate of VTE recurrence was 4.1% for low, 6.3% intermediate, and 5.5% high risk (p = 0.75); the rate of fatal VTE was 0.8, 1.9, and 2.0% (p = 0.69); the rate of major bleeding was 3.1, 4.1, and 3.6% (p = 0.92); and the rate of death was 6.1, 12.0, and 28.2% (p < 0.001), respectively. None of the MOS items was associated with VTE recurrence: female gender hazard ratio (HR) 1.26 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53–2.96), lung cancer HR 1.17 (95% CI, 0.35–3.98), prior VTE HR 0.44 (95% CI, 0.10–1.91), breast cancer HR 0.83 (95% CI, 0.19–3.58), and absence of metastases HR 0.74 (95% CI, 0.31–1.74). In hospitalized patients with cancer-associated VTE, the MOS failed to predict VTE recurrence at 3 months but was associated with early mortality.
Distance of the Posterior Interosseous Nerve from the Radial Head during Elbow Arthroscopy: An Anatomical Study
Authors: Arrigoni Paolo , Cucchi Davide , Guerra Enrico , Marinelli Alessandro , Menon Alessandra , Randelli Pietro , Pederzini Luigi ,   SIGASCOT Upper Limb Committee
Published: August 2017

Purpose The aims of this study were to measure the distance of the posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) from the radial head (RH) and its variations with forearm movements.
Methods Five fresh frozen cadaver specimens were dissected under arthroscopy. An anterior capsulectomy extended to the entire lateral compartment was performed. The need of soft tissue dissection to isolate the nerve in the extracapsular space was recorded. The distance between the nerve and the anterior part of the RH was then measured with a graduated caliper inserted via the midlateral portal with the forearm in neutral position, full pronation, and full supination.
Results The PIN was identifiable in all the specimens. In four cases, it was surrounded by a thick layer of adipose tissue, and further dissection was necessary to isolate it. Damage of the PIN during dissection occurred in one case, in which the proximal part of the nerve was accidentally cut. In three of the remaining cases, an increased distance was measured with the forearm in supination, as compared with neutral and full pronation position.
Conclusion This anatomical study suggests that in most of the cases, the PIN does not lay just extracapular at the level of the radiocapitellar joint, but is surrounded by a thick layer of adipose tissue. Furthermore, its distance from the RH appears to increase with forearm supination. This position could increase the safe working space between RH and PIN.
Clinical Relevance Knowledge of PIN position in relation to the anterior elbow capsule and its changes with forearm movements can help reduce the iatrogenic injuries during elbow arthroscopy.
Exploring the cultural dimensions of environmental victimization
Authors: Hall Matthew 
Published: August 2017

AbstractArguing from a cultural victimological perspective, this article makes a case for the wider utilization of restorative justice and mediation-based approaches as a means of providing alternative or parallel justice mechanisms for both human and nonhuman victims of environmental crimes and broader environmental harms. Traditional criminal justice mechanisms, it is argued, are fundamentally ill-equipped to identify, prosecute and sentence in a manner proportionate to the full range of environmental victimizations emanating from many environmental crimes or other pollution events. Radical and critical criminological perspectives, it is argued, have only gone so far in conceptualizing this broader form of victimization, especially as it pertains to non-anthropomorphic aspects of the ecosystem. In contrast, the cultural understanding of victimhood has a more constructivist, dynamic character representing developing traumas and emphasizing the benefit to human victims of being officially acknowledged as such. It also gives such victims the opportunity to present “accounts” of their harm. Such characteristics, it is argued, better reflect the reality of environmental victimization and, in so doing, point towards a more central place for mediational and restorative justice mechanisms within the environmental sphere. That said, it will also be demonstrated that restorative justice and mediation mechanisms—despite bringing numerous advantages to human victims in terms of their perceptions of procedural justice—have as yet failed to adequately incorporate notions of ecological and species justice. Moreover, the present state of research in the area of environmental alternative dispute resolution is woefully lacking. The article, therefore, concludes with a call for more development of the cultural approach by green victimologists generally, as well as a focus on testing and developing restorative justice in this area in particular.
Two positions for verbal modifiers
Authors: Hegedűs Veronika , Dékány Éva 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
This paper brings into question recent proposals that all types of Hungarian verbal modifiers are merged in the complement zone of the verb, and argues that certain verbal particles and resultatives are merged as specifiers in the extended verb phrase. The empirical focus of the paper is inseparable particle verbs. Verbal particles and resultatives do not behave uniformly when it comes to combinability with inseparable particle verbs: some particles and resultatives can co-occur with inseparable particles verbs, while others cannot. We will argue that particles and resultatives that belong to the former group are merged in a specifier position, while those belonging to the latter group are merged in the verb’s complement. Our results also support the view that objects are merged as specifiers rather than as complements (Bowers, 1993; Arad, 1996; Hale & Keyser, 1993; and Den Dikken, 2015b).
A representational account of vowel harmony in terms of variable elements and licensing
Authors: Hulst Harry van der 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
This article develops a new theory of vowel harmony in which harmony is represented in terms of a licensing relationship between vowels that carry the harmonic element ‘invariably’ and vowels that carry this element ‘variably’; the latter vowels are the alternating vowels. Of central concern is the occurrence of opaque and so-called transparent vowels, which cause asymmetries in the harmony systems. I also provide an account of a four-way typology in palatal harmony systems that has been proposed in Kiparsky and Pajusalu (2003). The licensing relation that accounts for vowel harmony is local at the nuclear projection. I will discuss several cases which violate nuclear locality, proposing an auxiliary hypothesis that allows skipping a nucleus under specific circumstances.
Measure constructions in Hungarian and the semantics of the -nyi suffix
Authors: Schvarcz Brigitta R. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
This paper examines the distribution and meaning of the -nyi suffix. -nyi naturally attaches to container classifiers and induces a measure interpretation of the container noun. I show that -nyi is not restricted to the dimension of volume but applies generally to count nouns. -nyi combines with N to create a measure head, analogous to expressions such as kilo. I maintain that being a measure head, N-nyi combines with a numeral to form a complex phrasal modifier. I then examine the semantics of -nyi itself. I show that it has two interpretations: it induces a measure reading of the N pohár in két pohár-nyi bor, and it forces an approximative interpretation when suffixed to an explicit measure expression as in kiló-nyi.
Logophoric ziji in Mandarin child language
Authors: Su Yi-ching 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Research on reflexivization in the past two decades has in general converged on a mixed approach, which acknowledges both syntactic conditions of anaphor binding and logophoric considerations (e.g., Reinhart & Reuland 1993; Pollard & Xue 2001; Huang & Liu 2001). However, these analyses differ in where to draw the dividing line between the two functions of the Mandarin reflexive ziji. Following the widely accepted generalization that children’s mastery of the discourse or pragmatic related constraints is observed long after that of the syntactic constraints, this study conducts two experiments to investigate Mandarin-speaking children’s and adults’ logophoric interpretations of sentences with ziji, using a Truth Value Judgment Task, and compares the patterns with their anaphoric interpretations of sentences with ziji. The results show that Mandarin-acquiring preschool children around age 5–6 still have not mastered the interpretations for sentences with logophoric ziji, even though there is only one sentence-internal antecedent. The findings provide clear empirical support for the claim that logophoric binding modulated by discourse/ pragmatic principles indeed takes a longer time for children to acquire than syntactically governed anaphoric binding.
Native and non-native comprehension of the Japanese existential quantifier nanko-ka
Authors: Minai Utako , Nadtochiy Naoko 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
This paper discusses native and non-native speakers’ comprehension of the Japanese quantifier nanko-ka, which is viewed as an existential quantifier (cf., some in English) in Japanese. The existential quantifier is argued to be ambiguous at the semantics-pragmatics interface: at the semantic level, it means ‘at least one, possibly all’; at the pragmatic level, it is interpreted as ‘at least one, but not all’. Nanko-ka, as an existential quantifier in Japanese, is expected to exhibit this ambiguity, although there is no data that we are aware of which demonstrates that native speakers indeed access these two interpretations of nanko-ka. Thus, the first goal of the study reported in this paper is to examine native comprehension of this quantifier. As regards the acquisition of the existential quantifier, research in first language acquisition has suggested that children initially have limited access to the pragmatic interpretation of some, in comparison to adults. However, once it comes to adult second language acquisition, how adult L2 learners may cope with the ambiguity of the existential quantifier is not well-known. Given this, the second goal of the current paper is to investigate how nanko-ka is interpreted by English-speaking L2 learners of Japanese.
Meaning both ‘also’ and ‘only’?
Authors: Ricca Davide 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Italian pur(e) seems to be quite peculiar among focus markers, since diachronically it displays the whole span of functions, from non-scalar exclusive to non-scalar additive. It is still an open question as to whether or not at some stage of its history pure enjoyed such an extended (nearly self-contradictory) polysemy synchronically too (while it is surely not the case for the contemporary language). The present investigation, based on the large corpus of the Opera del Vocabolario Italiano, casts some doubts on this possibility for Old Italian (approximately until the end of 14th century). Moreover, it surveys the very wide polysemy of pure beyond the functions of focus marker proper, and proposes several different evolutionary paths, among which some involve also non-focus marker uses as intermediate steps.