bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early changes in emotional processing as a marker of clinical response to SSRI treatment in depression
Authors: Godlewska B R , Browning M , Norbury R , Cowen P J , Harmer C J 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAntidepressant treatment reduces behavioural and neural markers of negative emotional bias early in treatment and has been proposed as a mechanism of antidepressant drug action. Here, we provide a critical test of this hypothesis by assessing whether neural markers of early emotional processing changes predict later clinical response in depression. Thirty-five unmedicated patients with major depression took the selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI), escitalopram (10 mg), over 6 weeks, and were classified as responders (22 patients) versus non-responders (13 patients), based on at least a 50% reduction in symptoms by the end of treatment. The neural response to fearful and happy emotional facial expressions was assessed before and after 7 days of treatment using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Changes in the neural response to these facial cues after 7 days of escitalopram were compared in patients as a function of later clinical response. A sample of healthy controls was also assessed. At baseline, depressed patients showed greater activation to fear versus happy faces than controls in the insula and dorsal anterior cingulate. Depressed patients who went on to respond to the SSRI had a greater reduction in neural activity to fearful versus happy facial expressions after just 7 days of escitalopram across a network of regions including the anterior cingulate, insula, amygdala and thalamus. Mediation analysis confirmed that the direct effect of neural change on symptom response was not mediated by initial changes in depressive symptoms. These results support the hypothesis that early changes in emotional processing with antidepressant treatment are the basis of later clinical improvement. As such, early correction of negative bias may be a key mechanism of antidepressant drug action and a potentially useful predictor of therapeutic response.
Triple band‐notched UWB monopole antenna on ultra‐thin liquid crystal polymer based on ESCSRR
Authors: Xiao Wei , Mei Tengda , Lan Yu , Wu Yunqiu , Xu Ruimin , Xu Yuehang 
Published: November 2016

A triple band‐notched UWB monopole antennas is presented for flexible electronics. To enhance the flexibility, ultra‐thin liquid crystal polymer with 50 μm thickness is used as the substrate. The antennas are constituted by swallow tail radiation patch and trapezoid ground. Moreover, band‐notched characteristic is realised by etching different sized elliptic single complementary split‐ring resonators on the radiation patch. An improved triple band‐notched UWB antenna with notched‐frequency bands at 3.7–4.2 GHz, 5.15–5.35 GHz, and 5.725–5.825 GHz are designed by a novel capacitance compensation method. The measured radiation patterns indicate that the antennas are an omni‐directional antenna both at flat and bent circumstances. The occupied area of antenna is 27 × 21 mm.
Full‐bridge DC/DC converter with wide ZVS range
Authors: Lin B.R. 
Published: November 2016

A soft switching converter is presented with the advantages of wide zero‐voltage switching range, low primary conduction loss, less output inductance and power transfer within the whole switching cycle. Half‐bridge circuit is connected to the lagging‐leg power switches of full‐bridge converter to improve the soft switching load range. One positive rectified voltage is generated on the secondary side to reduce the primary current to zero during the freewheeling state. Therefore, the primary conduction loss is reduced. The performance of the proposed converter is verified by the experimental verifications with a 1.92 kW prototype.
Implantable micro‐sized image sensor for data transmission with intra‐vital optical communication
Authors: Takehara Hiroaki , Hayami Hajime , Nagata Kengo , Ohta Yasumi , Noda Toshihiko , Sasagawa Kiyotaka , Tokuda Takashi , Ohta Jun 
Published: November 2016

Interest in implantable microchips for medical sensors is increasing. To reduce the invasiveness of implantation, wireless data transmission in a living body is an important issue shared by all such sensors. Here, the authors report on a light‐based wireless data transmission method for implantable biomedical sensor chips. An implantable micro‐sized image sensor (400 × 1200 μm2) that was designed to modulate a small light‐emitting diode (λ = 855 nm) with pulse‐width modulation for intra‐vital optical communication (IOC) was developed. Both a transmitter device and a receiver device for IOC were prepared, and optical image data transmission through biological tissue (a mouse skull bone) was successfully demonstrated.
Ultrasonographic Evaluation of the Optic Nerve Sheath in the Diagnosis of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Araújo Marx , Vale Benjamim , Ricarte Irapua , de Macêdo Lívio , Rodrigues Anderson , Monteiro Tomásia 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIntracranial hypertension (ICH) is a life-threatening condition that can be observed in several diseases. Its clinical presentation is variable, with headache, nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, papilledema, and alterations in the level of consciousness. The gold standard for the diagnosis of ICH is still the intracranial implantation of invasive devices. Non-invasive techniques, such as ultrasonography of the optic nerve sheath (USONS), have emerged in recent years with promising clinical results. The authors report the case of a patient with progressive headache associated with visual impairment and papilledema, and the eventual diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension using USONS.
Evidence of isotopic fractionation of natural uranium in cultured human cells
Authors: Paredes Eduardo , Avazeri Emilie , Malard Véronique , Vidaud Claude , Reiller Pascal E. , Ortega Richard , Nonell Anthony , Isnard Hélène , Chartier Frédéric , Bresson Carole 
Published: November 2016

Significance
In vivo isotopic fractionation studies of metals in living organisms have recently revealed an outstanding potential for biomedical and toxicological studies. In vitro studies in cellular models are underexploited, although they have the potential to provide invaluable information to understand the processes at the origin of such isotopic fractionations. This work demonstrates the isotopic fractionation of natural uranium during its uptake by neuron-like human cells. The direction of isotopic fractionation provided clues for the identification of potential U incorporation pathways into cells, unknown until now. These findings open new perspectives on the use of isotopic fractionation of metals in cellular models for the investigation of metabolic processes, the identification of new biomarkers, and the interpretation of clinical results.
Construction of a male sterility system for hybrid rice breeding and seed production using a nuclear male sterility gene
Authors: Chang Zhenyi , Chen Zhufeng , Wang Na , Xie Gang , Lu Jiawei , Yan Wei , Zhou Junli , Tang Xiaoyan , Deng Xing Wang 
Published: November 2016

Significance
Nuclear male sterility is common in flowering plants, but its application in hybrid breeding and seed production is limited because of the inability to propagate a pure male sterile line for commercial hybrid seed production. Here, we characterized a rice nuclear gene essential for sporophytic male fertility and constructed a male sterility system that can propagate the pure male sterile seeds on a large scale. This system is fundamentally advantageous over the current cytoplasmic male sterile and photoperiod/thermo-sensitive genic male sterile systems. Application of this technology will greatly enhance the effectiveness and efficiency in hybrid rice breeding and production.
The effects of two different swimming training periodization on physiological parameters at various exercise intensities
Authors: Clemente‐Suárez Vicente Javier , Dalamitros Athanasios , Ribeiro João , Sousa Ana , Fernandes Ricardo J. , Vilas‐Boas J. Paulo 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis study analysed the effects of two different periodization strategies on physiological parameters at various exercise intensities in competitive swimmers. Seventeen athletes of both sexes were divided to two groups, the traditional periodization (TPG, n = 7) and the reverse periodization group (RPG, n = 10). Each group followed a 10‐week training period based on the two different periodization strategies. Before and after training, swimming velocity (SV), energy expenditure (EE), energy cost (EC) and percentage of aerobic (%Aer) and anaerobic (%An) energy contribution to the swimming intensities corresponding to the aerobic threshold (AerT), the anaerobic threshold (AnT) and the velocity at maximal oxygen uptake (vVO2max) were measured. Both groups increased the %An at the AerT and AnT intensity (P ≤ .05). In contrast, at the AnT intensity, EE and EC were only increased in TPG. Complementary, %Aer, %An, EE and EC at vVO2max did not alter in both groups (P > .05); no changes were observed in SV in TPG and RPG at all three intensities. These results indicate that both periodization schemes confer almost analogous adaptations in specific physiological parameters in competitive swimmers. However, given the large difference in the total training volume between the two groups, it is suggested that the implementation of the reverse periodization model is an effective and time‐efficient strategy to improve performance mainly for swimming events where the AnT is an important performance indicator.
Electron cyclotron plasma startup in the GDT experiment
Authors: Yakovlev D.V. , Shalashov A.G. , Gospodchikov E.D. , Solomakhin A.L. , Savkin V.Ya. , Bagryansky P.A. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
We report on a new plasma startup scenario in the gas dynamic trap (GDT) magnetic mirror device. The primary 5 MW neutral beam injection (NBI) plasma heating system fires into a sufficiently dense plasma target (‘seed plasma’), which is commonly supplied by an arc plasma generator. In the reported experiments, a different approach to seed plasma generation is explored. One of the channels of the electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) heating system is used to ionize the neutral gas and build up the density of plasma to a level suitable for NBI capture. After a short transition of approximately 1 ms the discharge becomes essentially similar to a standard one initiated by the plasma gun. This paper presents the discharge scenario and experimental data on the seed plasma evolution during ECRH, along with the dependencies on incident microwave power, magnetic configuration and pressure of a neutral gas. The characteristics of the consequent high-power NBI discharge are studied and differences from the conventional scenario are discussed. A theoretical model describing the ECR breakdown and the seed plasma accumulation in a large-scale mirror trap is developed on the basis of the GDT experiment.
Defect guidance in kagome-clad fibers: the role of photonic band gaps and self-similarity of the lattice
Authors: Perez E , Zheltikov A M 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
We examine the influence of the structural self-similarity of the kagome lattice on the defect modes and waveguiding properties of hollow-core kagome-cladding fibers. We show that the guidance of such fibers is influenced by photonic band gaps (PBGs) which appear for a subset of the kagome lattice. Using these insights, we provide design considerations to further decrease loss in kagome-clad fibers.
Mating, paper folding, and an endomorphism of ℙℂ²
Authors: Nekrashevych Volodymyr 
Published: November 2016

We are studying topological properties of the Julia set of the map

F
(
z
,
p
)
=

(

(

2
z

p
+
1

−
1
)

2

,

(

p
−
1

p
+
1

)

2

)

F(z, p)=\left (\left (\frac {2z}{p+1}-1\right )^2, \left (\frac {p-1}{p+1}\right )^2\right )

of the complex projective plane

P

C

2

\mathbb {P}\mathbb {C}^2

to itself. We show a relation between this rational function and an uncountable family of “paper folding” plane filling curves.
Managing the Commons: How Extension Facilitates Local Participation to Manage Natural Resources
Authors: Mandal Bidisha , Lawrence Timothy 
Published: November 2016

AbstractExtension promotes volunteerism and facilitates community involvement in the informed decision‐making process required for managing natural resources; Extension also enhances local social capital. This important role does not receive as much attention in the literature on Extension and its scope as does its traditional role of information provision. We conducted a study to examine the need and demand for Extension programs in a rural community comprised entirely of islands and tangibly dependent on natural resources. We found that affiliation with Extension has a strong impact on the willingness to pay for Extension programs. Thus, we provide evidence that supports the argument that Extension is an important service and an appropriate use of public funds for economic development. This finding is in line with Elinor Ostrom’s theory in new institutional economics that well‐designed, robust local entities that stimulate local participation can assist in managing natural resources.
Automated neuron tracing using probability hypothesis density filtering
Authors: Radojević Miroslav , Meijering Erik 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Motivation
The functionality of neurons and their role in neuronal networks is tightly connected to the cell morphology. A fundamental problem in many neurobiological studies aiming to unravel this connection is the digital reconstruction of neuronal cell morphology from microscopic image data. Many methods have been developed for this, but they are far from perfect, and better methods are needed.

Results
Here we present a new method for tracing neuron centerlines needed for full reconstruction. The method uses a fundamentally different approach than previous methods by considering neuron tracing as a Bayesian multi-object tracking problem. The problem is solved using probability hypothesis density filtering. Results of experiments on 2D and 3D fluorescence microscopy image datasets of real neurons indicate the proposed method performs comparably or even better than the state of the art.

Availability and Implementation
Software implementing the proposed neuron tracing method was written in the Java programming language as a plugin for the ImageJ platform. Source code is freely available for non-commercial use at https://bitbucket.org/miroslavradojevic/phd.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The structural bioinformatics library: modeling in biomolecular science and beyond
Authors: Cazals Frédéric , Dreyfus Tom 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Motivation
Software in structural bioinformatics has mainly been application driven. To favor practitioners seeking off-the-shelf applications, but also developers seeking advanced building blocks to develop novel applications, we undertook the design of the Structural Bioinformatics Library (SBL, http://sbl.inria.fr), a generic C ++/python cross-platform software library targeting complex problems in structural bioinformatics. Its tenet is based on a modular design offering a rich and versatile framework allowing the development of novel applications requiring well specified complex operations, without compromising robustness and performances.

Results
The SBL involves four software components (1–4 thereafter). For end-users, the SBL provides ready to use, state-of-the-art (1) applications to handle molecular models defined by unions of balls, to deal with molecular flexibility, to model macro-molecular assemblies. These applications can also be combined to tackle integrated analysis problems. For developers, the SBL provides a broad C ++ toolbox with modular design, involving core (2) algorithms, (3) biophysical models and (4) modules, the latter being especially suited to develop novel applications. The SBL comes with a thorough documentation consisting of user and reference manuals, and a bugzilla platform to handle community feedback.

Availability and Implementation
The SBL is available from http://sbl.inria.fr

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Workplace Temporalities: A Time-Based Critique of the Flexible Working Provisions
Authors: Rose Emily 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The right to request for flexible working legislation (sections 80F–80I, Employment Rights Act 1996) attempts to reconcile the demands of employees’ jobs with those in their personal lives. It does this by detailing a procedure whereby employees can request an adjustment to the amount of time spent working and the timing of those hours. The duration of work time and the timing of work time are indeed critical factors in employees’ ability to manage their work and personal lives. But it is questionable whether these purely quantitative features of work time capture the temporal issues that feed into the work–personal life problem. This article reviews the temporal assumptions implicit in the flexible working legislation and critically evaluates them in light of broader theoretical perspectives on time. In particular, it highlights the role of temporal subjectivities, which employees develop at work, and the relationship of these to new emerging patterns of work. A case study focusing on software engineers and managers is presented to demonstrate these theoretical viewpoints in practice. The article concludes that the legislation’s failure to address the social and collective nature of time is problematic, and that this hinders real progress in achieving flexible working.
Impact of Hospital-Employed Physician Assistants on a Level II Community-Based Orthopaedic Trauma System
Authors: Althausen Peter L. , Shannon Steven , Owens Brianne , Coll Daniel , Cvitash Michael , Lu Minggen , O’Mara Timothy J. , Bray Timothy J. 
Published: November 2016

Objectives:
The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons and the Orthopedic Trauma Association have released guidelines for the provision of orthopedic trauma services such as adequate stipends, designated operating rooms, ancillary staff, and guaranteed reimbursement for indigent care. One recommendation included a provision for hospital-based physician assistants (PAs). Given current reimbursement arrangements, PA collections for billable services may not meet their salary and benefit expenses. However, their actions may indirectly affect emergency room, operating room, and hospital reimbursement and patient care itself. The purpose of our study is to define the true impact of hospitalbased PAs on orthopaedic trauma care at a level II community hospital.

Design:
Retrospective case series.

Setting:
Level II trauma center.

Patients/Participants:
One thousand one hundred four trauma patients with orthopaedic injuries.

Intervention:
PA involvement.

Main Outcome Measurements:
Emergency room data such as triage time, time until seen by the orthopedic service, and total emergency room time was recorded. Operating room data such as time to surgery, set-up time, total operating time, and out of room time was entered as well. Charts were reviewed to determine if patients were given postoperative antibiotics and Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were noted, and lengths of stay were calculated for all patients.

Results:
At our institution, PA collections from patient care cover only 50% of their costs for salary and benefits. However, with PA involvement, trauma patients with orthopedic injuries were seen 205 minutes faster (P = 0.006), total Emergency Room (ER) time decreased 175 minutes (P = 0.0001), and time to surgery improved 360 minutes (P . 0.03). Operating room parameters were minimally improved, but postoperative DVT prophylaxis increased by a mean of 6.73% (P = 0.0084), postoperative antibiotic administration increased by 2.88% (P = 0.0302), and there was a 4.67% decrease in postoperative complications (P = 0.0034). Average length of stay decreased by 0.61 days (P = 0.27).

Conclusions:
Although the PA’s collections do not cover their costs, the indirect economic and patient care impacts are clear. By increasing emergency room pull through and decreasing times to Operating Room (OR), operative times, lengths of stay, and complications, their existence is clearly beneficial to hospitals, physicians, and patients as well.

Level of Evidence:
Economic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Cervical fracture patterns associated with vertebral artery injuries
Authors: Sud Sunjay , Ali Moiz , Stammen Kari , Yu Elizabeth , Jain Nikhil , Khan Safdar N. 
Published: November 2016

Background:
Injury to the vertebral artery commonly occurs in the presence of traumatic cervical spine fractures. Data correlating incidence rates with specific fracture patterns remain unclear.

Methods:
We reviewed records of adult patients diagnosed with traumatic cervical spine fractures over a 10-year span. Subjects met at least one of the criteria: cervical vertebral subluxations (Pattern 1), fractures involving the transverse foramina (Pattern 2), fractures of C1-C3 (Pattern 3), and comminuted fractures in any segment of the cervical vertebra (Pattern 4).

Results:
Of the 119 patients included, 30 were diagnosed with vertebral artery injury (25.2%). The highest incidence was demonstrated in patients with the pattern combination of 1 and 2 only (n=3, 66.7%) and, 2 and 4 only (n=3, 66.7%). The next highest incidence was shown in patients with any combination including both pattern 2 and 4 (n=17, 41.1%). Patients with combination 1, 3, and 4 only (n=5, 40.0%), and with any combination including pattern 1 and 2 (n=10, 40.0%) had the third highest incidence.

Conclusions:
Our analysis demonstrated a high incidence of vertebral artery injury when the transverse foramina was involved and when any combination of three of the four high-risk patterns were involved in traumatic cervical fractures. These findings may be used to suspect vertebral artery injury in high likelihood injuries, reduce costly diagnostic testing, and guide providers to start treatment sooner.
Triple prophylaxis for the prevention of surgical site infections in total joint arthroplasty
Authors: Hofmann Kurt J. , Hayden Brett L. , Kong Qingwu , Pevear Mary E. , Cassidy Charles , Smith Eric L. 
Published: November 2016

Background:
Surgical site infection is a devastating complication and the most common mode of failure in total joint arthroplasty (TJA). The purpose of this study was to evaluate a unique triple prophylaxis protocol (preoperative nasal application of mupirocin, preoperative intravenous administration of vancomycin, and intraoperative betadine irrigation) in reducing surgical site infection rates in TJA.

Methods:
Our sample included 1034 consecutive patients who underwent primary hip or knee TJA for degenerative joint disease in the 2 yr prior to (control group) and 2 yr after institution of this protocol (treatment group). After follow-up of a minimum of 1 yr, we identified all patients who developed surgical site infection. We then calculated and compared the overall, superficial, deep, and methacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) surgical site infection rates between the control and treatment groups.

Results:
The overall surgical site infection rate decreased from 2.0% in our control cohort to 0.7% (P=0.08) in our treatment cohort. Rates of deep surgical site infection significantly decreased from 1.4% to 0.2% (P=0.02), but no change was observed in rates of superficial surgical site infection (0.6% to 0.6%, P=0.92). The rate of MRSA infection decreased from 0.6% to 0.2%, but this was not significant (P=0.28).

Conclusions:
We discovered that using this three-pronged prophylaxis approach for primary total knee and hip arthroplasties significantly decreased the rates of deep SSI compared to patients who did not receive these interventions. This protocol has the potential for changing the current protocol for preventing surgical site infection in future TJA.