bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Biocatalytic Nanomaterial for the Label‐Free Detection of Virus‐Like Particles
Authors: Sykora Sabine , Correro M. Rita , Moridi Negar , Belliot Gaël , Pothier Pierre , Dudal Yves , Corvini Philippe F.‐X. , Shahgaldian Patrick 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe design of nanomaterials that are capable of specific and sensitive biomolecular recognition is an on‐going challenge in the chemical and biochemical sciences. A number of sophisticated artificial systems have been designed to specifically recognize a variety of targets. However, methods based on natural biomolecular detection systems using antibodies are often superior. Besides greater affinity and selectivity, antibodies can be easily coupled to enzymatic systems that act as signal amplifiers, thus permitting impressively low detection limits. The possibility to translate this concept to artificial recognition systems remains limited due to design incompatibilities. Here we describe the synthesis of a synthetic nanomaterial capable of specific biomolecular detection by using an internal biocatalytic colorimetric detection and amplification system. The design of this nanomaterial relies on the ability to accurately grow hybrid protein‐organosilica layers at the surface of silica nanoparticles. The method allows for label‐free detection and quantification of targets at picomolar concentrations.
Right ventricular remodelling after transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation
Authors: Pagourelias Efstathios D. , Daraban Ana M. , Mada Razvan O. , Duchenne Jürgen , Mirea Oana , Cools Bjorn , Heying Ruth , Boshoff Derize , Bogaert Jan , Budts Werner , Gewillig Marc , Voigt Jens‐Uwe 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesTo define the optimal timing for percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) in patients with severe pulmonary regurgitation (PR) after Fallot's Tetralogy (ToF) correction.BackgroundPPVI among the aforementioned patients is mainly driven by symptoms or by severe right ventricular (RV) dilatation/dysfunction. The optimal timing for PPVI is still disputed.MethodsTwenty patients [age 13.9 ± 9.2 years, (range 4.3–44.9), male 70%] with severe PR (≥3 grade) secondary to previous correction of ToF, underwent Melody valve (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN) implantation, after a pre‐stent placement. Full echocardiographic assessment (traditional and deformation analysis) and cardiovascular magnetic resonance evaluation were performed before and at 3 months after the intervention. ‘Favorable remodelling’ was considered the upper quartile of RV size decrease (>20% in 3 months).ResultsAfter PPVI, indexed RV effective stroke volume increased from 38.4 ± 9.5 to 51.4 ± 10.7 mL/m2, (P = 0.005), while RV end‐diastolic volume and strain indices decreased (123.1 ± 24.1–101.5 ± 18.3 mL/m2, P = 0.005 and −23.5 ± 2.5 to −21 ± 2.5%, P = 0.002, respectively). After inserting pre‐PPVI clinical, RV volumetric and deformation parameters in a multiple regression model, only time after last surgical correction causing PR remained as significant regressor of RV remodelling [R2 = 0.60, beta = 0.387, 95%CI(0.07–0.7), P = 0.019]. Volume reduction and functional improvement were more pronounced in patients treated with PPVI earlier than 7 years after last RV outflow tract (RVOT) correction, reaching close‐to‐normal values.ConclusionsEarly PPVI (<7 years after last RVOT operation) is associated with a more favorable RV reverse remodelling toward normal range and should be considered, before symptoms or RV damage become apparent. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
What can intracoronary pressure measurements tell us about flow reserve? Pressure‐Bounded coronary flow reserve and example application to the randomized DEFER trial
Authors: Zimmermann Frederik M. , Pijls Nico H. J. , De Bruyne Bernard , Bech G. Jan‐Willem , van Schaardenburgh Pepijn , Kirkeeide Richard L. , Gould K. Lance , Johnson Nils P. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveWe propose a novel technique called pressure‐bounded coronary flow reserve (pb‐CFR) and demonstrate its application to the randomized DEFER trial.BackgroundIntracoronary flow reserve assessment remains underutilized relative to pressure measurements partly due to less robust tools.MethodsWhile rest and hyperemic intracoronary pressure measurements cannot quantify CFR exactly, they do provide upper and lower bounds. We validated pb‐CFR invasively against traditional CFR, then applied it to high fractional flow reserve (FFR ≥ 0.75) lesions in DEFER randomized to revascularization or medical therapy.Resultspb‐CFR showed an 84.4% accuracy to predict invasive CFR < 2 or CFR ≥ 2 in 107 lesions. In its proof of concept application to DEFER lesions with FFR ≥ 0.75, the 28 with pb‐CFR < 2 compared to 28 with pb‐CFR ≥ 2 had a non‐significant reduction in freedom from angina (61% vs. 71% at 5 years, P = 0.57) and a non‐significantly higher rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACE, 25% vs. 15%, P = 0.34). Lesions with FFR ≥ 0.75 but pb‐CFR < 2 showed no difference in freedom from angina (61% vs. 50%, P = 0.54) or MACE (25% vs. 38%, P = 0.27) between the 28 randomized to medical therapy and the 16 randomized to revascularization.Conclusionspb‐CFR offers a new method for studying FFR/CFR discordances using regular pressure wire measurements. As an example application, DEFER suggested that low pb‐CFR with high FFR may be a risk marker for more angina and worse outcomes, but that this risk cannot be modified by revascularization. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Incidence and predictors of coronary obstruction following transcatheter aortic valve implantation in the real world
Authors: Arai Takahide , Lefèvre Thierry , Hovasse Thomas , Garot Philippe , Benamer Hakim , Unterseeh Thierry , Roy Andrew K. , Romano Mauro , Hayashida Kentaro , Watanabe Yusuke , Bouvier Erik , Morice Marie‐Claude , Chevalier Bernard 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesCoronary obstruction (CO) is a rare but serious complication of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). There are very limited data regarding CO following TAVI. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and outcomes of CO after TAVI and identify the predictors including the valve type.MethodsBetween October 2006 and March 2015, 1,203 TAVI cases were performed in our institution. Of them, 814 cases whose coronary height was measured using computed tomography for screening were analyzed in this study.ResultsThe Edwards SAPIEN/SAPIEN XT (S/XT) was used in 427 (52.4%) cases, the CoreValve in 265 (32.6%), and the S3 in 122 (15.0%). CO occurred in 8 (1.0%) cases, 1.6% with S/XT, 0.4% with CoreValve, and 0% with S3. All instances of CO occurred at the left coronary artery. The 30‐day mortality was significantly higher in cases of CO (37.5% vs. 5.8%, P = 0.010). The frequency of CO tended to be lower in recipients of the CoreValve (0.4%) and S3 (0%) compared with the S/XT (1.6%) (P = 0.188 for CoreValve vs. S/XT, P = 0.022 for S3 vs. S/XT).ConclusionsCO has poor outcomes and identification of patients at risk of CO to take preventive measures is crucial. The preliminary data showing that the occurrence of CO is low in patients receiving the S3 despite increased prosthesis height need further confirmation. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electrochemical Synthesis and Characterization of Flavin Mononucleotide‐Exfoliated Pristine Graphene/Polypyrrole Composites
Authors: Martinez Jose G. , Ayán‐Varela Miguel , Paredes Juan I. , Villar‐Rodil Silvia , Aznar‐Cervantes Salvador D. , Otero Toribio F. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe electrochemical generation of graphene‐polypyrrole composite films is presented here by using pristine, oxide‐free graphene flakes obtained through the direct exfoliation of graphite in water with flavin mononucleotide (FMN) as a colloidal stabilizer (FMN−G‐PPy films): an environmentally friendly methodology. The best potential and current ranges for the electropolymerization of pyrrole in the presence of FMN−G, trying to avoid parallel over‐oxidation/degradation processes, were determined from voltammetric responses of the different solutions. Then, a parallel study of the electrogeneration of FMN−G‐PPy films on clean Pt electrodes by using cyclic voltammetry, potentiostatic or galvanostatic conditions, was performed. The subsequent electrochemical characterization of the resulting films and parallel energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analysis of different oxidized states revealed the separate oxidation/reduction of graphene and polypyrrole inside the material. Graphene reactions (n‐doping) drive the exchange of cations, whereas polypyrrole reactions (p‐doping) drive the exchange of anions. The specific charge storage in FMN−G‐PPy, 207 mC mg−1, is higher than that stored in polypyrrole, 141 mC mg−1, indicating some synergy. An unexpected high content of anions was found in deeply reduced materials. The surface morphology of the oxidized and reduced materials generated by different methodologies was studied by using scanning electron microscopy.
Zinc versus Magnesium: Orthogonal Catalyst Reactivity in Selective Polymerizations of Epoxides, Bio‐derived Anhydrides and Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Saini Prabhjot K. , Fiorani Giulia , Mathers Robert T. , Williams Charlotte K. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDeveloping selective polymerizations from complex monomer mixtures is an important challenge. Here, dinuclear catalysts allow selective polymerization from mixtures of sterically hindered tricyclic anhydrides, carbon dioxide and epoxides to yield well‐controlled copoly(ester‐carbonates). Surprisingly, two very similar homogeneous catalysts differing only in the central metal, zinc versus magnesium, show very high but diametrically opposite monomer selectivity. The selectivity is attributed to different polymerization kinetics and to steric factors associated with the anhydrides.
Analogues of Dehydroacetic Acid as Selective and Potent Agonists of an Ectopic Odorant Receptor through a Combination of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Interactions
Authors: Park Bernie Byunghoon , Lee NaHye , Kim YunHye , Jae YoonGyu , Choi Seunghyun , Kang NaNa , Hong Yu Ri , Ok Kiwon , Cho Jeonghee , Jeon Young Ho , Lee Eun Hee , Byun Youngjoo , Koo JaeHyung 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIdentification of potent agonists of odorant receptors (ORs), a major class of G protein‐coupled receptors, remains challenging due to complex receptor–ligand interactions. ORs are present in both olfactory and non‐chemosensory tissues, indicating roles beyond odor detection that may include modulating physiological functions in non‐olfactory tissues. Selective and potent agonists specific for particular ORs can be used to investigate physiological functions of ORs in non‐chemosensory tissues. In this study, we designed and synthesized novel synthetic dehydroacetic acid analogues as agonists of odorant receptor 895 (Olfr895) expressed in bladder. Among the synthesized analogues, (E)‐3‐((E)‐1‐hydroxy‐3‐(piperidin‐1‐yl)allylidene)‐6‐methyl‐2H‐pyran‐2,4(3H)‐dione (10) exhibited extremely high agonistic activity for Olfr895 in Dual‐Glo luciferase reporter (EC50=9 nm), Ca2+ imaging, and chemotactic migration assays. Molecular docking and site‐directed mutagenesis studies suggested that a combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions is central to the selective and specific binding of 10 to Olfr895. The design of agonists armed with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions could therefore lead to highly potent and selective ligands for ectopic ORs.
Anatomy of the lobula complex in the brain of the praying mantis compared to the lobula complexes of the locust and cockroach
Authors: Rosner Ronny , von Hadeln Joss , Salden Tobias , Homberg Uwe 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe praying mantis is an insect which relies on vision for capturing prey, avoiding being eaten and for spatial orientation. It is well known for its ability to use stereopsis for estimating the distance of objects. The neuronal substrate mediating visually driven behaviors, however, is not very well investigated. To provide a basis for future functional studies, we analyzed the anatomical organization of visual neuropils in the brain of the praying mantis Hierodula membranacea and provide supporting evidence from a second species, Rhombodera basalis, with particular focus on the lobula complex (LOX). Neuropils were three‐dimensionally reconstructed from synapsin‐immunostained whole mount brains. The neuropil organization and the pattern of γ‐aminobutyric acid immunostaining of the medulla and LOX were compared between the praying mantis and two related polyneopteran species, the Madeira cockroach and the desert locust. The investigated visual neuropils of the praying mantis are highly structured. Unlike in most insects the LOX of the praying mantis consists of five nested neuropils with at least one neuropil not present in the cockroach or locust. Overall, the mantis LOX is more similar to the LOX of the locust than the more closely related cockroach suggesting that the sensory ecology plays a stronger role than the phylogenetic distance of the three species in structuring this center of visual information processing.
Antihyperalgesic Effects of Indomethacin, Ketorolac, and Metamizole in Rats: Effects of Metformin
Authors: Guzmán‐Priego Crystell Guadalupe , Méndez‐Mena Roberto , Baños‐González Manuel Alfonso , Araiza‐Saldaña Claudia Ivonne , Castañeda‐Corral Gabriela , Torres‐López Jorge Elías 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Preclinical Research

Metformin‐dependent mechanisms have been implicated in the antinociceptive effect of some non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In this study, the effect of local peripheral or systemic administration of metformin on the local peripheral or systemic antinociception induced by indomethacin, ketorolac and metamizole was assessed in the rat carrageenan‐induced thermal hyperalgesia model. Rats were injected with carrageenan (1%, 50 µl) into the right hindpaw which reduced paw withdrawal latency, a measure of thermal hyperalgesia. Local peripheral or systemic administration of indomethacin, ketorolac or metamizole dose‐dependently reduced carrageenan‐induced thermal hyperalgesia. Local peripheral pre‐treatment with metformin (800 µg/paw) partially inhibited the anti‐hyperalgesic effect of indomethacin (200 µg/paw) and metamizole (200 µg/paw), but not that of ketorolac (200 µg/paw). In contrast, systemic pre‐treatment with metformin (200 mg/kg) attenuated the antihyperalgesic effect of metamizole (10 mg/kg), but not that observed with either indomethacin (10 mg/kg) or ketorolac (10 mg/kg). These findings suggest that some but not all NSAIDs have effects mediated by metformin‐dependent mechanisms. Drug Dev Res 78 : 98–104, 2017. ©2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reproductive traits associated with species turnover of amphibians in Amazonia and its Andean slopes
Authors: Jiménez‐Robles Octavio , Guayasamin Juan M. , Ron Santiago R. , De la Riva Ignacio 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAssembly of ecological communities is important for the conservation of ecosystems, predicting perturbation impacts, and understanding the origin and loss of biodiversity. We tested how amphibian communities are assembled by neutral and niche‐based mechanisms, such as habitat filtering. Species richness, β‐diversities, and reproductive traits of amphibians were evaluated at local scale in seven habitats at different elevation and disturbance levels in Wisui Biological Station, Morona‐Santiago, Ecuador, on the foothills of the Cordillera del Kutukú; and at regional scale using 109 localities across evergreen forests of Amazonia and its Andean slopes (0–3,900 m a.s.l.). At local scale, species composition showed strong differences among habitats, explained mainly by turnover. Reproductive modes occurred differently across habitats (e.g., prevalence of direct developers at high elevation, where breeding in ground level water disappears). At regional scale, elevation was the most important factor explaining the changes in species richness, reproductive trait occurrences, and biotic dissimilarities. Species number in all groups decreased with elevation except for those with lotic tadpoles and terrestrial reproduction stages. Seasonality, annual precipitation, and relative humidity partially explained the occurrence of some reproductive traits. Biotic dissimilarities were also mostly caused by turnover rather than nestedness and were particularly high in montane and foothill sites. Within lowlands, geographic distance explained more variability than elevation. Habitat filtering was supported by the different occurrence of reproductive traits according to elevation, water availability, and breeding microhabitats at both scales, as well as other assembly mechanisms based in biotic interactions at local scale. Human‐generated land use changes in Amazonia and its Andean slopes reduce local amphibian biodiversity by alteration of primary forests and loss of their microhabitats and the interaction network that maintains their unique amphibian assemblages with different reproductive strategies.
Incipient ecological speciation between successional varieties of a dominant tree involves intrinsic postzygotic isolating barriers
Authors: Stacy Elizabeth A. , Paritosh Bhama , Johnson Melissa A. , Price Donald K. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWhereas disruptive selection imposed by heterogeneous environments can lead to the evolution of extrinsic isolating barriers between diverging populations, the evolution of intrinsic postzygotic barriers through divergent selection is less certain. Long‐lived species such as trees may be especially slow to evolve intrinsic isolating barriers. We examined postpollination reproductive isolating barriers below the species boundary, in an ephemeral hybrid zone between two successional varieties of the landscape‐dominant Hawaiian tree, Metrosideros polymorpha, on volcanically active Hawai'i Island. These archipelago‐wide sympatric varieties show the weakest neutral genetic divergence of any taxon pair on Hawai'i Island but significant morphological and ecological differentiation consistent with adaptation to new and old lava flows. Cross‐fertility between varieties was high and included heterosis of F1 hybrids at the seed germination stage, consistent with a substantial genetic load apparent within varieties through low self‐fertility and a lack of self‐pollen discrimination. However, a partial, but significant, barrier was observed in the form of reduced female and male fertility of hybrids, especially backcross hybrids, consistent with the accumulation of genetic incompatibilities between varieties. These results suggest that partial intrinsic postzygotic barriers can arise through disruptive selection acting on large, hybridizing populations of a long‐lived species.
Heart failure with mid‐range ejection fraction: a distinct clinical entity? Insights from the Trial of Intensified versus standard Medical therapy in Elderly patients with Congestive Heart Failure (TIME‐CHF)
Authors: Rickenbacher Peter , Kaufmann Beat A. , Maeder Micha T. , Bernheim Alain , Goetschalckx Kaatje , Pfister Otmar , Pfisterer Matthias , Brunner‐La Rocca Hans‐Peter ,   for the TIME‐CHF Investigators
Published: March 2017

AbstractAimsWhile the conditions of heart failure (HF) with reduced (HFrEF, LVEF < 40%) and preserved (HFpEF, LVEF ≥ 50%) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) are well characterized, it is unknown whether patients with HF and mid‐range LVEF (HFmrEF, LVEF 40–49%) have to be regarded as a separate clinical entity. The aim of this study was to characterize these three populations and to compare outcome and response to therapy.Methods and resultsThe analysis was based on the Trial of Intensified versus standard Medical therapy in Elderly patients with Congestive Heart Failure (TIME‐CHF) comprising a population with established HF including the whole spectrum of LVEF. Of the 622 patients, 108 (17%) were classified as having HFmrEF. This group was in general found to be ‘intermediate’ regarding clinical characteristics with a comparable and high burden of comorbidities and equally impaired quality of life but was more likely to have coronary artery disease as compared with the HFpEF group. During a median follow‐up of 794 days, mortality was 39.7% without significant differences between groups. N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP)‐guided as compared with standard therapy resulted in improved survival free of HF hospitalizations in HFrEF and HFmrEF, but not in HFpEF.ConclusionAlthough the ‘intermediate’ clinical profile of HFmrEF between HFrEF and HFpEF would support the conclusion that HFmrEF is a distinct clinical entity, we hypothesize that HFmrEF has to be categorized as HFrEF because of the high prevalence of coronary artery disease and the similar benefit of NT‐proBNP‐guided therapy in HFrEF and HFmrEF, in contrast to HFpEF.
Monitoring chemical and biological recovery at a confined aquatic disposal site, Oslofjord, Norway
Authors: Oen Amy M.P. , Pettersen Arne , Eek Espen , Glette Tormod , Brooks Lucy , Breedveld Gijs D. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

The recovery of the confined aquatic disposal (CAD) facility located at Malmøykalven in Oslofjord, Norway, has been assessed using an array of field measurement techniques. These methods were used prior to the disposal of dredged sediments as well as during 3 annual postdisposal monitoring campaigns. Traditional sampling to assess chemical recovery indicates that an immediate reduction in total sediment concentrations and surface sediments can be characterized as having good quality. Deposition of new material indicates that the quality of depositing material at the CAD is stabile and representative of the natural background quality in the area. Continued deposition of this material will improve the long-term chemical recovery of the CAD. A positive biological recovery of the benthic community has been observed and is expected to continue along a typical benthic succession pattern. To supplement traditional sampling, passive samplers were deployed at the CAD. Results suggest that the flux and concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 16 and polychlorinated biphenyl 7 released from the CAD will continue to decrease over time. The combined results from these multiple lines of evidence indicate that the CAD and capping layer function as predicted 3 yr after the construction was completed. There is not only an improvement in the efficacy of the CAD itself but also a general improvement of the area, compared with the situation prior to disposal. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2552–2559. © 2017 SETAC
The Methods and Tools of Improvement Science
Authors: Lemire Sebastian , Christie Christina A. , Inkelas Moira 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRooted in ideas from operations research in the 1930s, improvement science bloomed in the healthcare literature during the 1990s and has since then spread rapidly across fields such as management, social work, behavioral economics, and most recently education (Lewis, ). So what is thing called “improvement science”? What is the intellectual foundation of improvement science? And what does it look like in real‐world applications? What, if anything, might we, as evaluators, learn from the techniques and tools of improvement science? These are questions that will be addressed in this chapter.