bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between screen time and snack consumption in children and adolescents: The CASPIAN-IV study
Authors: Kelishadi Roya , Mozafarian Nafiseh , Qorbani Mostafa , Maracy Mohammad Reza , Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeil , Safiri Saeid , Ardalan Gelayol , Asayesh Hamid , Rezaei Fatemeh , Heshmat Ramin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground:The relationship between screen time (ST) and the frequency of snack consumption in a national sample of Iranian children and adolescents was assessed. The present nationwide survey was conducted on 14,880 school students living in urban and rural areas of 30 provinces in Iran. Trained healthcare providers conducted the physical examination and completed the questionnaire of the World Health Organization – Global School-Based Student Health Survey (WHO-GSHS).Methods:The association between ST (total time spent watching TV and using a computer in leisure time) and the frequency of snack consumption was determined using ordinal logistic regression analysis. The subjects were 13,486 students out of the 14,880 invited including 50.8% boys. The mean (SD) age of participants was 12.47 (3.36) years.Results:In multivariate models, for students who had prolonged ST (more than 4 h/day), the odds of daily consumption of sweets (odds ratio, OR 1.25; 95% CI 1.14–1.4), salty snacks (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.5–1.76), soft drinks (OR 1.52; 95% CI 1.4–1.7), canned fruit juice (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.2–1.4), and fast food (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.4–1.7) were higher compared to those with low ST. Furthermore, the odds of daily consumption of milk in students who had prolonged ST (more than 4 h/day) were lower compared to those with low ST (OR 0.9; 95% CI 0.8–0.99).Conclusions:Prolonged time spent watching TV and using a computer during leisure time might be associated with unhealthy dietary habits. Moreover, inactivity induced by prolonged ST may also lead to unhealthy dietary habits and in turn excess weight in children and adolescents.
Prologemon: How I Discovered the Meaning of “Traveling East”
Authors: Raw Laurence 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This essay exposes the constructed nature of the east/west binary as a means by which westerners (especially) can reinforce their sense of superiority, while easterners can use it as an intellectual stick to criticize their western counterparts. In its place I advocate a more measured approach based on listening to and understanding alternative perspectives, not only in terms of interpersonal relationships but in terms of personal psychology. The importance of mesearch as a concept, uniting scholarly and personal approaches, is proposed as a means to achieve this aim.
3D printing of hydroxyapatite polymer-based composites for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Esposito Corcione Carola , Gervaso Francesca , Scalera Francesca , Montagna Francesco , Maiullaro Tommaso , Sannino Alessandro , Maffezzoli Alfonso 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Skeletal defects reconstruction, using custom-made substitutes, represents a valid solution to replacing lost and damaged anatomical bone structures, renew their original function, and at the same time, restore the original aesthetic aspect. Rapid prototyping (RP) techniques allow the construction of complex physical models based on 3D clinical images. However, RP machines usually work with synthetic polymers; therefore, producing custom-made scaffolds using a biocompatible material directly by RP is an exciting challenge. The aim of the present work is to investigate the potentiality of 3D printing as a manufacturing method to produce an osteogenic hydroxyapatite-polylactic acid bone graft substitute.
Epilepsy-associated alterations in hippocampal excitability
Authors: Navidhamidi Mojdeh , Ghasemi Maedeh , Mehranfard Nasrin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe hippocampus exhibits a wide range of epilepsy-related abnormalities and is situated in the mesial temporal lobe, where limbic seizures begin. These abnormalities could affect membrane excitability and lead to overstimulation of neurons. Multiple overlapping processes refer to neural homeostatic responses develop in neurons that work together to restore neuronal firing rates to control levels. Nevertheless, homeostatic mechanisms are unable to restore normal neuronal excitability, and the epileptic hippocampus becomes hyperexcitable or hypoexcitable. Studies show that there is hyperexcitability even before starting recurrent spontaneous seizures, suggesting although hippocampal hyperexcitability may contribute to epileptogenesis, it alone is insufficient to produce epileptic seizures. This supports the concept that the hippocampus is not the only substrate for limbic seizure onset, and a broader hyperexcitable limbic structure may contribute to temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) seizures. Nevertheless, seizures also occur in conditions where the hippocampus shows a hypoexcitable phenotype. Since TLE seizures most often originate in the hippocampus, it could therefore be assumed that both hippocampal hypoexcitability and hyperexcitability are undesirable states that make the epileptic hippocampal network less stable and may, under certain conditions, trigger seizures.
Role of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in the pathogenesis and treatment of mood disorders
Authors: Tsybko Anton S. , Ilchibaeva Tatiana V. , Popova Nina K. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractGlial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is widely recognized as a survival factor for dopaminergic neurons, but GDNF has also been shown to promote development, differentiation, and protection of other central nervous system neurons and was thought to play an important role in various neuropsychiatric disorders. Severe mood disorders, such as primarily major depressive disorder and bipolar affective disorder, attract particular attention. These psychopathologies are characterized by structural alterations accompanied by the dysregulation of neuroprotective and neurotrophic signaling mechanisms required for the maturation, growth, and survival of neurons and glia. The main objective of this review is to summarize the recent findings and evaluate the potential role of GDNF in the pathogenesis and treatment of mood disorders. Specifically, it describes (1) the implication of GDNF in the mechanism of depression and in the effect of antidepressant drugs and mood stabilizers and (2) the interrelation between GDNF and brain neurotransmitters, playing a key role in the pathogenesis of depression. This review provides converging lines of evidence that (1) brain GDNF contributes to the mechanism underlying depressive disorders and the effect of antidepressants and mood stabilizers and (2) there is a cross-talk between GDNF and neurotransmitters representing a feedback system: GDNF-neurotransmitters and neurotransmitters-GDNF.
Neuromuscular and Cardiovascular Adaptations in Response to High-Intensity Interval Power Training
Authors: Romero-Arenas Salvador , Ruiz Rubén , Vera-Ibáñez Antonio , Colomer-Poveda David , Guadalupe-Grau Amelia , Márquez Gonzalo 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Romero-Arenas, S, Ruiz, R, Vera-Ibáñez, A, Colomer-Poveda, D, Guadalupe-Grau, A, and Márquez, G. Neuromuscular and cardiovascular adaptations in response to high-intensity interval power training. J Strength Cond Res 32(1): 130–138, 2018—The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of a high-intensity power training (HIPT) program, and to compare the effects of HIPT to traditional power training (TPT) on the aerobic and power performance. For this purpose, 29 healthy men (23.1 ± 2.7 years) were recruited and randomly distributed into 3 different groups. One group performed TPT (n = 10), the second group performed power training organized as a circuit (HIPT; n = 10), and the third group served as control group (CG; n = 9). Training consisted of weightlifting thrice per week for 6 weeks. The TPT subjects performed 3 to 5 sets of each exercises with interset rest of 90 seconds, and HIPT subjects executed the training in a short circuit (15 seconds of rest between exercises). To know the effects in aerobic performance, maximal aerobic speed (MAS) was measured. To identify the effects on power performance, subjects performed a Wingate test, a countermovement jump (CMJ) test, and a power-load curve in bench press. The main results showed that after both power training protocols, subjects increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) the power production during the Wingate Test, the height and power reached during the CMJ test, and the peak power produced during the power-load curve. However, only the HIPT group improved significantly MAS (p ≤ 0.05). There were no changes in any variables in CG. Hence, our results suggest that HIPT may be as effective as TPT for improving power performance in young adults. In addition, only HIPT elicited improvements in MAS.
Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness and Perceived Exertion After Blood Flow Restriction Exercise
Authors: Brandner Christopher R. , Warmington Stuart A. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Brandner, CR, and Warmington, SA. Delayed onset muscle soreness and perceived exertion after blood flow restriction exercise. J Strength Cond Res 31(11): 3101–3108, 2017—The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptual responses to resistance exercise with heavy loads (80% 1 repetition maximum [1RM]), light loads (20% 1RM), or light loads in combination with blood flow restriction (BFR). Despite the use of light loads, it has been suggested that the adoption of BFR resistance exercise may be limited because of increases in delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and perceived exertion. Seventeen healthy untrained males participated in this balanced, randomized cross-over study. After 4 sets of elbow-flexion exercise, participants reported ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), with DOMS also recorded for 7 days after each trial. Delayed onset muscle soreness was significantly greater for low-pressure continuous BFR (until 48 hours postexercise) and high-pressure intermittent BFR (until 72 hours postexercise) than for traditional heavy-load resistance exercise and light-load resistance exercise. In addition, RPE was higher for heavy-load resistance exercise and high-pressure intermittent BFR than for low-pressure continuous BFR, with all trials greater than light-load resistance exercise. For practitioners working with untrained participants, this study provides evidence to suggest that to minimize the perception of effort and postexercise muscle soreness associated with BFR resistance exercise, continuous low-pressure application may be more preferential than intermittent high-pressure application. Importantly, these perceptual responses are relatively short-lived (∼2 days) and have previously been shown to subside after a few exercise sessions. Combined with smaller initial training volumes (set × repetitions), this may limit RPE and DOMS to strengthen uptake and adherence and assist in program progression for muscle hypertrophy and gains in strength.
Maturation-Related Differences in Adaptations to Resistance Training in Young Male Swimmers
Authors: Moran Jason , Sandercock Gavin R.H. , Ramírez-Campillo Rodrigo , Wooller John-James , Logothetis Spiros , Schoenmakers Patrick P.J.M. , Parry Dave A. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Moran, J, Sandercock, GRH, Ramírez-Campillo, R, Wooller, J-J, Logothetis, S, Schoenmakers, PPJM, and Parry, DA. Maturation-related differences in adaptations to resistance training in young male swimmers. J Strength Cond Res 32(1): 139–149, 2018—This study examined the effects of resistance training on muscular strength and jump performances in young male swimmers. It was hypothesized that adaptations would be of a lower magnitude in less mature (prepeak height velocity [PHV]) than in more mature (post-PHV) subjects. Fourteen pre-PHV (−1.8 ± 1.0 years) and 8 post-PHV (1.6 ± 0.5 years) swimmers undertook a 30 minutes, twice-weekly resistance training program for 8 weeks. They were compared with matched control groups (pre-PHV: −2.0 ± 1.1, n = 15; post-PHV: 1.2 ± 1.0, n = 7). The effects on lower-body isometric strength (LBS), measured with midthigh pull, and vertical jump (VJ) height in the post-PHV group were large (effect size: 1.3 [0.4 to 2.2]) and small (0.4 [−0.4 to 1.2]), respectively. Effects on LBS and VJ height in the pre-PHV group were moderate (0.8 [0.1 to 1.4]) and trivial (0.2 [−0.5 to 0.8]), respectively. Estimates in the post-PHV control group (LBS: 0.7 [−0.2 to 1.6]; VJ: 0.2 [−0.7 to 1.0]) and the pre-PHV control group (LBS: 0.1 [−0.5 to 0.7]; VJ: −0.3 [−0.9 to 0.3]) may indicate the extent to which maturation could contribute to the performance changes seen in the respective training groups. Lower-body isometric strength and VJ are trainable, but to different magnitudes, in pre- and post-PHV swimmers. After appropriate foundational training to establish technical competency, twice-weekly resistance training sessions of 30 minutes duration, comprising 3 sets of 4 exercises can be effective in pre- and post-PHV youth.
Anatomical variations in superior attachment of uncinate process and localization of frontal sinus outflow tract
Authors: G. Arun , Moideen Sanu P. , M. Mohan , Afroze M. Khizer Hussain , Thampy Aparna S. 
Published: January 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Uncinate process (UP) is a part of ethmoid bone, which is a thin sickle shaped projection on the lateral wall of nose. UP extends from the frontal recess superiorly and inferiorly to the ethmoid process of inferior turbinate. Various studies have shown that superior attachment of uncinate process (SAUP) is the key to frontal recess region in endoscopic sinus surgeries (ESS). But these studies have yielded conflicting results, showing multiple patterns and classifications of superior attachment of uncinate process. Knowing the anatomic variations of SAUP will help the surgeon to plan the endoscopic sinus surgery and to avoid the unwanted complications. Hence this study was conducted to observe and classify the superior attachment of uncinate process and to localize the frontal sinus outflow tract<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We did a retrospective cross sectional study, consisting of 100 patients including both sexes, above the age of 10 years. We excluded pregnant ladies, patients with prior sinus surgeries, sinonasal tumours, nasal polyposis, and craniofacial trauma<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> We observed Type I SAUP, in 67.5% (n=135) cases, Type II SAUP in 18.5% (n=37), Type III attachment in 9.5% (n =19) and Type IV in 4.5% (n=9). Bilaterally similar attachments observed in 96% cases. Rest of the cases (4%), the attachment patterns was varying between sides<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The site of SAUP is highly variable. The most common type of SAUP is Type I (67.5%) followed by Type II (18.5%), Type III (9.5%) and Type IV (4.5%)<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>
Operative outcome of high energy pilon fractures: a retrospective comparison between internal fixation and Ilizarov external fixation
Authors: Patra Satya Ranjan , Kisan Dasarath , Panigrahi Naresh Kumar , Das Dibya Singha , Manoj Medini , Samant Saswat , Shiv Anmol 
Published: January 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Pilon fractures are serious injuries with many devastating soft-tissue complications associated with them. Deciding a definite treatment plan has always proved a challenge. Comparative studies between the various surgical techniques used for pilon fractures are uncommon and consensus is yet to be reached regarding the best surgical option. Purpose of this study is to retrospectively compare the operative results (complications, functional and radiographic outcomes) of pilon fractures treated either with internal fixation or Ilizarov ring fixators.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Forty-six patients with pilon fractures were retrospectively studied; twenty-one of them had minimal invasive fixation by ankle spanning Ilizarov fixators and 25 patients had internal fixations by either minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) or by open reduction. The patients were followed-up for a mean of 34 months (range, 24-51 months).<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The internal fixation group had a higher incidence of soft-tissue complications and deep infections. In comparison the Ilizarov group had only superficial pin-tract infections but no other soft-tissue complications. Although the Ilizarov group had a higher incidence of malreduction and malunion in their series compared to the internal fixation group, there was no significant difference in the AOFAS ankle function score (p-value 0.2922) between the two groups after a follow-up of 2-4 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The moderately long term functional outcome appears to be similar in both internal fixation and Ilizarov groups. But the Ilizarov technique is less likely to cause any serious peri-operative soft-tissue complications or deep infection. Familiarity of the surgeon with a particular technique should also be considered during surgical decision making. </p>
Comparación entre personas con malnutrición por exceso, con y sin trastorno por atracón
Authors: Escandón-Nagel Neli 
Published: January 2017

Introducción: si bien el Trastorno por Atracón es un trastorno de la conducta alimentaria que no se da exclusivamente en personas obesas, es más común en este grupo que en sujetos con normopeso, sin embargo no todas las personas con malnutrición por exceso presentan Trastorno por Atracón. Objetivo: identificar el conocimiento actual respecto a las diferencias y semejanzas existentes entre personas con malnutrición por exceso con y sin Trastorno por Atracón.Método: para lograr el objetivo anterior, se realizó una revisión de artículos científicos en torno al tema.Resultados: primero se analizó la comorbilidad psicopatológica en obesidad y después se detectaron similitudes y diferencias entre los grupos de interés, tanto en sintomatología general, como así también en sintomatología de la conducta alimentaria. Además, se identificaron algunos aspectos controversiales, en que existe evidencia contradictoria respecto a la comparación intergrupal.Conclusión: de esta revisión se concluye que en el estudio de la obesidad se hace necesario conocer en mayor profundidad las características del subgrupo de pacientes que además presenta Trastorno por Atracón, ya que estas personas poseen características distintivas cuyo conocimiento permitirá ofrecer tratamientos integrales más adecuados a las necesidades de los pacientes, lo que posibilitará, en consecuencia, diseñar intervenciones más eficaces.
Efectos de la actividad física durante el embarazo y en la recuperación posparto: protocolo de estudio
Authors: Sánchez García Juan Carlos , Rodríguez Blanque Raquel , Sánchez López Antonio Manuel , Baena García Laura , Suárez Manzano Sara , Aguilar-Cordero María José 
Published: January 2017

Introducción: el ejercicio físico durante el embarazo y el posparto produce efectos beneficiosos para la madre y el feto y mejora la salud y la calidad de vida de la embarazada. Objetivo: evaluar la calidad de vida de las mujeres que han llevado a cabo un programa de ejercicio físico de intensidad moderada durante el embarazo y el posparto. Material y métodos: ensayo clínico multicéntrico, aleatorizado y controlado que compara una intervención conductual en dos fases. La muestra consta de 362 gestantes para proporcionar potencia del 95%, aceptando un porcentaje de error del 5%. La asignación será al azar siguiendo una técnica probabilística, sin reemplazo.Intervención: 1.a fase: ejercicio físico de carácter moderado en el agua siguiendo el método SWEP (Study Water Exercise on Pregnant). 2.a fase: ejercicio físico de carácter moderado siguiendo la metodología LPF (Low Pressure Fitness). Criterios de exclusión:1.a fase: padecer alguna contraindicación absoluta descrita por el ACOG (Colegio Americano de Obstetras y Ginecólogos). 2.a fase: parto anterior a las 16 semanas previas a la intervención, contraindicación médica absoluta o relativa para la práctica de ejercicio físico. Resultados: la salud relacionada con la calidad de vida será evaluada por el cuestionario de calidad de vida SF-36. Conclusiones: los resultados de este ECA proporcionarán información valiosa sobre los efectos del ejercicio físico, antes y después del parto, sobre la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de las gestantes.
The NutriQoL ® questionnaire for assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with home enteral nutrition (HEN): validation and fi rst results
Authors: Apezetxea Antonio , Carrillo Lourdes , Casanueva Felipe , Cuerda Cristina , Cuesta Federico , Irles José Antonio , Virgili María Nuria , Layola Miquel , Lizán Luis 
Published: January 2017

Introduction: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) provides a global view of the state of health of a patient receiving home enteral nutrition (HEN). Objective: To evaluate the HRQoL of patients receiving HEN using the NutriQoL® questionnaire, a specifi c instrument regardless of the underlying disease and route of administration.Materials and methods: Observational, prospective and multicentre study conducted in the context of the validation and assessment of the NutriQoL® questionnaire’s psychometric properties.Results: One-hundred-and-forty individuals [disease: cancer (58.6%), malabsorption and other (27.1%), neurological (13.6%); HEN: supplement (61.4%), sole source of nutrition (35.7%); administration route: oral (54.3%), ostomy (31.4%), nasoenteric tube (12.1%)] participated. NutriQoL® was reliable [ICC: 0.88 (95%CI: 0.80-0.93); Cronbach’s α: 0.77 (1st visit) and 0.83 (2nd visit)], valid (signifi cant Rho), lowly sensitive to changes (effect size 0.23), can be completed by either patients or caregivers (ICC: 0.82). The mean HRQoL (SD) with NutriQoL® was 14.98 (14.86), EQ-5D tariff: 53(0.25), EQ-5D VAS: 54.15 (20.64) and COOP/WONCA charts: 23.32(5.66). HRQoL with NutriQoL® was better (p < 0.05) for oral HEN [19.54 (13,23)], than nasoenteric tube [14(11.71)], ostomy [7.02 (15.48)]; administered orally [19.54 (13.23)], than by gravity [10.97 (14.46)], pump [8.5 (19.78)] or syringe bolus [7 (11.40)]; as a supplement [19.33 (13.73)] instead of sole source of nutrition [8.18 (14.23)].Conclusions: NutriQoL® is valid, reliable, even if lowly sensitive to change, and useful to measure HRQoL in this population. More studies are needed to know HRQoL in routine practice.