bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Os duelos (duetos) identificados por ocasião do processo sucessório
Authors: Guerra Leone Nilda Maria de Clodoaldo Pinto 
Published: July 2016

O estudo tem como objetivo a identificação dos níveis de duelos existentes nas empresas familiares no momento do processo sucesório. Para tanto, realizou‐se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e, por meio dela, foram identificados três níveis de duelos: o primeiro nível é o duelo do sucedido com ele mesmo. O segundo trata do duelo do sucedido na escolha do sucessor. O duelo entre os sucessores, causado por intrigas e disputas pelo poder, identifica o terceiro nível. Quanto aos fins, esta investigação se caracteriza como exploratória e descritiva. Exploratória porque permite ao pesquisador, como afirma Triviños (1987, p.109), “aumentar sua experiência em torno de determinado problema”. Em relação à caracterização de pesquisa descritiva, ainda de acordo com Triviños (1987), o foco essencial destes estudos reside na intenção de conhecer a realidade do objeto. Os resultados dessas leituras apontam três níveis de duelos: o primeiro nível é o duelo do sucedido com ele mesmo. O segundo trata do duelo do sucedido na escolha do sucessor. O duelo entre os sucessores, causado por intrigas e disputas pelo poder identifica o terceiro nível. As conclusões apontam para mecanismos jurídicos, mudanças nos modelos de gestão e ajuda psicológica que podem transformar os duelos em duetos.
Predicting Risk of Suicide Attempt Using History of Physical Illnesses From Electronic Medical Records
Authors: Karmakar Chandan , Luo Wei , Tran Truyen , Berk Michael , Venkatesh Svetha 
Published: July 2016

Background
Although physical illnesses, routinely documented in electronic medical records (EMR), have been found to be a contributing factor to suicides, no automated systems use this information to predict suicide risk.

Objective
The aim of this study is to quantify the impact of physical illnesses on suicide risk, and develop a predictive model that captures this relationship using EMR data.

Methods
We used history of physical illnesses (except chapter V: Mental and behavioral disorders) from EMR data over different time-periods to build a lookup table that contains the probability of suicide risk for each chapter of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes. The lookup table was then used to predict the probability of suicide risk for any new assessment. Based on the different lengths of history of physical illnesses, we developed six different models to predict suicide risk. We tested the performance of developed models to predict 90-day risk using historical data over differing time-periods ranging from 3 to 48 months. A total of 16,858 assessments from 7399 mental health patients with at least one risk assessment was used for the validation of the developed model. The performance was measured using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

Results
The best predictive results were derived (AUC=0.71) using combined data across all time-periods, which significantly outperformed the clinical baseline derived from routine risk assessment (AUC=0.56). The proposed approach thus shows potential to be incorporated in the broader risk assessment processes used by clinicians.

Conclusions
This study provides a novel approach to exploit the history of physical illnesses extracted from EMR (ICD-10 codes without chapter V-mental and behavioral disorders) to predict suicide risk, and this model outperforms existing clinical assessments of suicide risk.
Wer arbeitet wie viel? Entscheidungen über den Erwerbsumfang im Partnerschaftskontext
Authors: Frodermann Corinna 
Published: July 2016

Investigating employment decisions in couples by two competing microeconomic theories requires attention to the current employment situation. Depending on the theoretical approach, the current employment constellation either prescribes current specialization strategies by the partners which have to be constantly updated (new home economics). Or it determines the bargaining power structure that each partner wants to optimize for his or her own benefit (bargaining theory). In this paper, the influence of the current employment constellation on desired future constellation is analyzed. A factorial survey module was implemented in the panel study "Labour Market and Social Security" (PASS). In this module, respondents evaluated the willingness to accept hypothetical job offers. Results support hypotheses from bargaining theory: People are interested in achieving an equal power structure in their relationships. They do not favor to continue existing specializations as new home economics would predict.
Zusammenfassung
Um die Entscheidung über den Erwerbsumfang im Partnerschaftskontext anhand zweier konkurrierender mikroökonomischer Theorien zu untersuchen, muss die derzeitige Erwerbskonstellation berücksichtigt werden. Denn je nach theoretischem Ansatz kann sie einerseits die aktuelle Spezialisierungslogik vorgeben, die fortgeschrieben werden soll (Neue Haushaltsökonomie), oder andererseits die paarinternen Machtverhältnisse bestimmen, die möglichst zugunsten der eigenen Position verändert werden sollen (Verhandlungstheorie). Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die Frage nach dem Einfluss der bisherigen Erwerbskonstellation auf die Entscheidung für zukünftige Erwerbskonstellationen untersucht. Dazu wird auf ein Faktorielles Survey- Design im Panel „Arbeitsmarkt und soziale Sicherung“ (PASS) zur Erfassung der Stellenannahmebereitschaft zurückgegriffen. Es zeigt sich, dass Personen in Paarhaushalten vor allem an einem Ausgleich der Machtstruktur interessiert sind und sich nicht für eine Fortschreibung bestehender Spezialisierungen entscheiden.
Knowledge and Attitude of Physicians toward Prescribing Antibiotics and the Risk of Resistance in Two Reference Hospitals
Authors: Alothman Adel , Algwizani Abdullah , Alsulaiman Mohammed , Alalwan Abdullah , Binsalih Salih , Bosaeed Mohammad 
Published: July 2016

Introduction Antibiotics are essential and abundantly prescribed in hospitals because of their effectiveness and lifesaving benefits. However, the unnecessary use of antibiotics has been observed in earlier studies, and it has persisted through recent years as a major issue since it is one of the leading causes of antibiotic resistance. The increase in antibiotic resistance nowadays is one of the most critical concerns in global public health around the world. The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and perceptions related to antibiotic prescription among physicians at our medical centers. Method A cross-sectional survey of non-infectious diseases specialized physicians. The study was conducted during 2015 at two tertiary care centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Result Of the 107 returned questionnaires, 93 were complete and valuable. Most respondents (82%) perceived antibiotic resistance to be a critical problem globally, and 78% also think that it is a very important national problem. These attitudes did not differ across specialty or level of training. Widespread antibiotic use and inappropriate empirical choices were believed by 81% of the participants to be important general causes of resistance. Only half of respondents thought that antibiotic restriction is a useful intervention to decrease the antibiotic resistance. The physicians believed educational interventions are the most useful and effective way to improve prescription patterns and decrease antibiotic resistance. Complications due to infection with resistant organisms were acknowledged by almost all of the participants, with some differences in their estimations of how often it will occur. Conclusion Antimicrobial resistance, globally and nationally, is considered as a serious threat, and physicians in this survey acknowledged that. Among the most significant factors is antimicrobial misuse, either by overprescribing or providing inappropriate drugs with some ambivalence, as well as the importance of hand hygiene and antibiotic restrictions. By adhering to local guidelines, continuous education, and other practical interventions, the burden of resistance can be alleviated, as highlighted in this survey.
Surfactant control of gas transfer velocity along an offshore coastal
transect: results from a laboratory gas exchange tank
Authors: Pereira R. , Schneider-Zapp K. , Upstill-Goddard R. C. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract. Understanding the physical and biogeochemical controls of air–sea gas exchange is necessary for establishing biogeochemical models for predicting regional- and global-scale trace gas fluxes and feedbacks. To this end we report the results of experiments designed to constrain the effect of surfactants in the sea surface microlayer (SML) on the gas transfer velocity (kw; cm h−1), seasonally (2012–2013) along a 20 km coastal transect (North East UK). We measured total surfactant activity (SA), chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and chlorophyll a (Chl a) in the SML and in sub-surface water (SSW) and we evaluated corresponding kw values using a custom-designed air–sea gas exchange tank. Temporal SA variability exceeded its spatial variability. Overall, SA varied 5-fold between all samples (0.08 to 0.38 mg L−1 T-X-100), being highest in the SML during summer. SML SA enrichment factors (EFs) relative to SSW were  ∼  1.0 to 1.9, except for two values (0.75; 0.89: February 2013). The range in corresponding k660 (kw for CO2 in seawater at 20 °C) was 6.8 to 22.0 cm h−1. The film factor R660 (the ratio of k660 for seawater to k660 for “clean”, i.e. surfactant-free, laboratory water) was strongly correlated with SML SA (r ≥ 0.70, p ≤ 0.002, each n = 16). High SML SA typically corresponded to k660 suppressions  ∼  14 to 51 % relative to clean laboratory water, highlighting strong spatiotemporal gradients in gas exchange due to varying surfactant in these coastal waters. Such variability should be taken account of when evaluating marine trace gas sources and sinks. Total CDOM absorbance (250 to 450 nm), the CDOM spectral slope ratio (SR = S275 − 295∕S350 − 400), the 250 : 365 nm CDOM absorption ratio (E2 : E3), and Chl a all indicated spatial and temporal signals in the quantity and composition of organic matter in the SML and SSW. This prompts us to hypothesise that spatiotemporal variation in R660 and its relationship with SA is a consequence of compositional differences in the surfactant fraction of the SML DOM pool that warrants further investigation.
Brief Communication: Twelve-year cyclic surging episodes at Donjek Glacier in Yukon, Canada
Authors: Abe Takahiro , Furuya Masato , Sakakibara Daiki 
Published: July 2016

Abstract. Surge-type glaciers repeat their short active phase and their much longer quiescent phase usually every several decades or longer, but detailed observations of the evolution cycles have been limited to only a few glaciers. Here we report three surging episodes in 1989, 2001, and 2013 at Donjek Glacier in the Yukon, Canada, indicating remarkably regular and short repeat cycles of 12 years. The surging area is limited within the  ∼ 20 km section from the terminus, originating in an area where the flow width significantly narrows downstream, suggesting a strong control of the valley constriction on the surge dynamics.
CUIDANDO DE FAMÍLIAS DE PACIENTES INTERNADOS EM UMA UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: Ferrioli Daniele Rodrigues , Acosta Lisiane Silveira , Gomes Giovana Calcagno , Lunardi Filho Wilson Danilo 
Published: July 2016

Ao adoecer e hospitalizar-se em uma UTI, o cliente é deslocado do seu meio ambiente, gerando uma situação de crise para todos os membros de sua família que, junto com a doença que ameaça a sua vida, compartilham o medo, o estresse, os sentimentos de perda e a preocupação com a morte. Assim, temos como objetivo identificar, junto aos familiares de pacientes internados em uma UTI, as suas principais necessidades, para criar um espaço de cuidado e de ajuda, de modo a auxiliá-los a vivenciar este momento de crise, da forma menos traumática possível. A partir de observações participantes e entrevistas com sete famílias de clientes internados em uma UTI Geral, pôde-se identificar percepções e sentimentos das famílias em relação à morte e ao adoecer, suas percepções acerca da visita hospitalar e da atuação da equipe, suas reivindicações e situações em que se reconhece cuidada.
“Kept Right On Fightin’ …”: African American Women’s Economic Activism in Milwaukee
Authors: Moten Crystal M. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
During and after World War II, many African Americans migrated to urban areas in the North and West in search of economic opportunities. Although they faced widespread job discrimination, Black women struggled for employment in offices, factories, and stores. Black women in Milwaukee organized in an autonomous club for working women, La Circle, and also submitted formal complaints attesting to injustices. Although unsuccessful, their resistance had both local and national dimensions, especially when considered within the context of a surge in new scholarship that investigates the economic dimensions of mid-twentieth-century Black freedom struggles. These freedom fighters sowed the seeds for later activism by Black working women in the city, including union leader Nellie Wilson, who forced one of Milwaukee’s largest manufacturing companies, A. O. Smith, to eliminate gender discrimination from its hiring practices. These examples represent not only the persistence of Black women’s economic activism in postwar Milwaukee but also the nationwide emergence of such resistance during the civil rights era.
The Tectonic origin of the Bay of Bengal and Bangladesh
Authors: Talwani Manik , Desa Maria Ana , Ismaiel Mohammad , Sree Krishna Kolluru 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe are able to decipher the tectonic evolution of the Bay of Bengal, a puzzle which has not been satisfactorily solved in the past, and we are also able to shed new light on origin of the buried 85°E Ridge. We do so by incorporating a number of disparate items into a unified solution. These items are the marine magnetic anomalies in the Western Basin of the Bay of Bengal, the Rajmahal and Sylhet traps, and Deep Seismic Sounding lines in India, a prominent magnetic anomaly doublet and seismic Seaward Dipping Reflectors in Bangladesh, and a new precise gravity map of the Bay of Bengal. We identify seafloor‐spreading magnetic anomalies ranging in age from 132 Ma (M12n) to 120 Ma (M0) in the Western Basin. These anomalies are “one sided”; the conjugate anomalies lie in the Western Enderby Basin, off East Antarctica. The direction of spreading was approximately NW‐SE, and the half‐spreading rates varied from 2.5 to 4.0 cm/yr. With the arrival of the Kerguelen plume around M0 time, seafloor spreading was reorganized and a new spreading axis opened at or close to the line joining the Rajmahal and Sylhet traps. The prominent magnetic anomaly doublet connecting the Rajmahal and Sylhet traps indicates that these traps are not individual eruptions at about 118 Ma, but rather, together, define the new line of opening. Spreading started at this line, and subsequently, India changed direction from west to north. The new oceanic crust, thus generated, underlies Bangladesh and the Eastern Basin of the Bay of Bengal and is younger than 118 Ma. The western boundary of the new ocean floor is a transform fault, which was generated by the spreading axis jump. This transform fault appears as the 85°E Ridge, and further north, on land, as a negative free‐air gravity anomaly strip. A unique feature of the northern boundary of the new oceanic crust is that due to the later deposition of enormous sediments derived from the Himalayan orogeny, it lies onshore Bangladesh, in contrast to most continent‐ocean boundaries in the world, which lie offshore.
Update of upper level turbulence forecast by reducing unphysical components of topography in the numerical weather prediction model
Authors: Park Sang‐Hun , Kim Jung‐Hoon , Sharman Robert D. , Klemp Joseph B. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractOn 2 November 2015, unrealistically large areas of light‐or‐stronger turbulence were predicted by the WRF‐RAP (Weather Research and Forecast Rapid Refresh)‐based operational turbulence forecast system over the western U.S. mountainous regions, which were not supported by available observations. These areas are reduced by applying additional terrain averaging, which damps out the unphysical components of small‐scale (~2Δx) energy aloft induced by unfiltered topography in the initialization of the WRF model. First, a control simulation with the same design of the WRF‐RAP model shows that the large‐scale atmospheric conditions are well simulated but predict strong turbulence over the western mountainous region. Four experiments with different levels of additional terrain smoothing are applied in the initialization of the model integrations, which significantly reduce spurious mountain‐wave‐like features, leading to better turbulence forecasts more consistent with the observed data.
Energy limits of electron acceleration in the plasma sheet during substorms: A case study with the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission
Authors: Turner D. L. , Fennell J. F. , Blake J. B. , Clemmons J. H. , Mauk B. H. , Cohen I. J. , Jaynes A. N. , Craft J. V. , Wilder F. D. , Baker D. N. , Reeves G. D. , Gershman D. J. , Avanov L. A. , Dorelli J. C. , Giles B. L. , Pollock C. J. , Schmid D. , Nakamura R. , Strangeway R. J. , Russell C. T. , Artemyev A. V. , Runov A. , Angelopoulos V. , Spence H. E. , Torbert R. B. , Burch J. L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe present multipoint observations of earthward moving dipolarization fronts and energetic particle injections from NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale mission with a focus on electron acceleration. From a case study during a substorm on 02 August 2015, we find that electrons are only accelerated over a finite energy range, from a lower energy threshold at ~7–9 keV up to an upper energy cutoff in the hundreds of keV range. At energies lower than the threshold energy, electron fluxes decrease, potentially due to precipitation by strong parallel electrostatic wavefields or initial sources in the lobes. Electrons at energies higher than the threshold are accelerated cumulatively by a series of impulsive magnetic dipolarization events. This case demonstrates how the upper energy cutoff increases, in this case from ~130 keV to >500 keV, with each dipolarization/injection during sustained activity. We also present a simple model accounting for these energy limits that reveals that electron energization is dominated by betatron acceleration.
An additional step toward comprehensive paleoclimate reanalyses
Authors: Goosse Hugues 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAlthough data assimilation in paleoclimatology has shown significant progress, the model data comparison step remains a limiting factor because paleoclimate (proxy) records have generally a complex response to both climatic and nonclimatic factors. In experiments performed in a controlled framework, Dee et al. (2016) have applied proxy system models that simulate tree ring width, isotopic composition of corals and isotopic composition of ice cores from the results of a climate model. The difference between those simulated variables and the value measured on the natural archive can then be computed directly, improving significantly the performance of the data assimilation method.
Hired farmworkers in the US: Demographics, work organisation, and services
Authors: Reid Alison , Schenker Marc B. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveFarm work is labor‐intensive, physically demanding, and incurs a high risk of injury. The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of farmworkers at increased risk of adverse health outcomes to focus targeted interventions.MethodsThe National Agricultural Workers Survey for 2008–2012 was used to compare characteristics associated with adverse health and safety conditions among US‐born and Mexican and Central American‐born Latino and Indigenous, documented and undocumented farmworkers, separately for males and females.ResultsUS‐born farmworkers had more secure work, worked less onerous tasks, and earned more per hour than other categories of farmworkers. Undocumented Indigenous workers had more precarious work, worked more onerous tasks, and were more likely to do piece work, than undocumented Latino workers.DiscussionWe highlight disparities in modifiable occupational health risk factors across groups of farmworkers that are associated with increased risks of work‐related injury and poor health. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:644–655, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
When being far away is good: Exploring how mortality salience, regulatory mode, and goal progress affect judgments of meaning in life
Authors: Vess Matthew , Rogers Ross , Routledge Clay , Hicks Joshua A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractResearch indicates that death‐relevant thoughts (mortality salience) have a nuanced effect on judgments of life's meaningfulness. Thoughts of death diminish meaning in life only among people who lack or do not readily engage psychological structures that confer meaning. Building on this past research, the current research examined how an important source of meaning, long‐term goal progress, affects the ways that death‐relevant cognitions impact judgments of life's meaning. In Study 1 (N = 118), mortality salience decreased perceptions of meaning in life only among participants who were induced to feel closer to (vs. farther from) completing a long‐term goal. Study 2 (N = 259) extended these findings by demonstrating the moderating influence of individual differences in locomotion. Mortality salience again decreased perceptions of meaning in life among participants who felt closer to accomplishing a long‐term goal, but it only did so among people who do not quickly adopt new goals to pursue (i.e., those low in locomotion). The implications of these findings for better understanding how people maintain meaning in the face of existential concerns and how aspects of goal pursuit affect these processes are discussed.
Effects of insecticides on a phytotelmata-breeding amphibian
Authors: Egea-Serrano Andrés , Solé Mirco 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Information on the impact of pesticides on amphibian species breeding in phytotelmata (water bodies within plants) is totally lacking. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of the insecticide malathion on larvae of Phyllodytes luteolus. Individuals were exposed to ecologically relevant concentrations of malathion (commercial formulation) for 16 d under laboratory conditions. Malathion had a lethal effect that allowed the authors to hypothesize that phtytotelmata-breeding species are likely as vulnerable to pollution as pond breeders. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:422–428. © 2016 SETAC