bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using environmental DNA to assess the response of steelhead/Rainbow Trout and Coastrange Sculpin populations to postfire debris flows in coastal streams of Big Sur, California
Authors: Rundio David E. , Spence Brian C. , Chase Dorothy M. , Ostberg Carl O. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
Debris flows are among the most extreme disturbances to streams and are predicted to become more frequent under climate change. We assessed the response of steelhead/Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (hereafter, collectively referred to as O. mykiss) and Coastrange Sculpin Cottus aleuticus populations to major postfire debris flows in two small coastal basins of California using noninvasive environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling.

Methods
We analyzed water samples from disturbed reaches for eDNA in the first two summers after debris flows. In Big Creek, all Coastrange Sculpin habitat was disturbed by debris flows, but a major tributary occupied by O. mykiss was not affected. In Mill Creek, all available habitat for both species was disturbed. We also sampled two unburned basins as undisturbed reference streams.

Result
In Big Creek, O. mykiss eDNA was detected in all water samples during both years, and concentrations in some samples approached the lowest concentrations in the reference streams. Coastrange Sculpin eDNA was detected only in a single water sample in the first year and was not detected in the second year. In Mill Creek, neither species was detected in the first year, but during the second year, O. mykiss eDNA was detected at very low concentrations in 40% of samples and Coastrange Sculpin eDNA was detected in a single sample.

Conclusion
Our results indicate that O. mykiss and Coastrange Sculpin either survived in or quickly reoccupied the disturbed reaches from within the basins. However, the detection rates for cases in which all habitat for a species in a basin was affected by debris flows indicate that abundances were very low, suggesting that persistence may be uncertain unless there is successful reproduction or immigration. Finally, eDNA appears to be effective for monitoring sensitive fish populations after a major disturbance; however, detection rates in individual samples may be low and require appropriate sampling designs to achieve the desired detection probability.
Novel Simplified Practical Method for One‐Dimensional Large‐Strain Consolidation
Authors: Song Ding‐Bao , Li Peng‐Lin , Yin Zhen‐Yu , Yin Jian‐Hua 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTA new simplified practical method for one‐dimensional nonlinear large‐strain consolidation of saturated homogenous soils is proposed. The derivation processes of the proposed method are introduced first, with a modification of Terzaghi's theory from a novel perspective to solve large‐strain consolidation problems. Verification checks of the proposed method with other solutions are then conducted. The proposed method is different from Lekha's solution because Lekha's analytical solution is based on the small strain theory. For linear consolidation, the proposed method shows excellent agreement with the Consolidation Settlement 2 (CS2) model. For nonlinear large‐strain consolidation, the new method is in good agreement with the CS2 model when Cc/Ck ≤ 1. After that, optimization of the proposed nonlinear solution is carried out for Cc/Ck > 1 with a more precise average constant coefficient of consolidation used in the simplified practical method, and good agreement is obtained between the solutions from the proposed method and the CS2 model. Overall, the proposed simplified method provides practical, reliable, and efficient solutions for analyzing linear and nonlinear large‐strain consolidation.
ASPEN international survey on ethical competencies dealing with decision‐making in the use of artificially administered nutrition and hydration and competency application in clinical practice
Authors: Schwartz Denise Baird , Sumner Sarah , Cardenas Diana , Wong Theodoric , Annetta Maria Giuseppina , Goldman Babak , Barrocas Albert , Echeverri Sonia , Francisco Eliza Mei Perez , Hardy Gil 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundEthical competencies dealing with decision‐making for clinicians involved in artificially administered nutrition and hydration (AANH) have not been defined in the literature. Although clinical assessments identify nutrition needs and appropriate routes of nutrition administration, an assessment of the ethical, cultural, and spiritual implications of the medical nutrition therapy may be overlooked.MethodsEleven competency statements were developed by members of two international sections of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. This descriptive cross‐sectional survey study was conducted to measure the importance of the competency statements to the membership of two sections using a five‐point Likert scale of 1–5 (1‐low to 5‐high).ResultsA total of 113 responses (12.5% response rate) were obtained predominantly from physicians and dietitians from 25 countries. There was a wide range of world regions of the 49% respondents outside of the United States. Means and SDs were calculated for agreement with the 11 competency statements with overall means ranging from 4.32 to 4.67. Most of the participants cared for adult/older adult patients (63.7%) exclusively, and 12.4% cared for pediatric/neonate patients exclusively; the remainder (23.9%) cared for both populations. Respondents reported they were either experienced, competent, or expert (88.6%) in dealing with ethical issues related to AANH.ConclusionThis international interdisciplinary group agreed that the integration of ethical, cultural, and spiritual competencies into clinical decision‐making regarding artificially AANH is important.
The influencing factors of nurses' job engagement in tertiary, A grade hospitals in East China: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Li Ling , Feng Zhixian , Zhu Mingling , Yang Jialu , Yang Lili 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimTo explore the effects of demographic characteristics, mental workload, and Adversity quotient (AQ) on the job engagement of nurses in East China.DesignA quantitative and cross‐sectional study.MethodThe survey collected questionnaire data on mental workload, adversity quotient, and job engagement from 473 nurses selected working in 12 Grade‐A tertiary hospitals based on informed consent in East China between July 2020 and March 2021.ResultsThe total score of mental workload was 78.24 ± 11.65, the adversity quotient score was 128.26 ± 15.84, job engagement score was 42.32 ± 7.79. Job engagement has a remarkable positive correlation with adversity quotient (r = 0.613, p<0.001), and a negative correlation with mental workload (r = −0.499, p<0.001). Mental workload has an apparent negative correlation with adversity quotient (r = −0.291, p<0.001). Labor‐management relationship with current organization, department, study to get a degree or diploma in spare time, attitude towards a career in Nursing, attitude towards the current career position, satisfaction with marriage, social support, load feelings, self‐assessment, control, and endurance could predict 70.9% of job engagement of nurses.ConclusionsThe mental workload of nurses was higher, the AQ was at a medium level, and the job engagement of nurses was also slightly higher. Labor‐management relationship with current organization, department, study to get a degree or diploma in spare time, attitude towards a career in Nursing, attitude towards the current career position, satisfaction with marriage, social support, load feelings, self‐assessment, control, and endurance had predictive effects on nurses' job engagement. It is necessary to take a variety of measures according to the social‐demographic characteristics, improve the adversity quotient, and evaluate the mental workload correctly, to improve the job engagement of nurses.ImpactThe epidemic situation and other emergencies make the work pressure of nurses in Grade‐A tertiary hospitals increase suddenly. It should pay attention to the influence of different demographic factors, and pay attention to the correct guidance of work demand‐mental workload, as well as the cultivation, and improvement of job resource‐AQ, which can improve the job engagement of nurses to some extent.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Time‐Driven Activity Based Costing of an Annual Canadian Cochlear Implant Program
Authors: Liu Alice Q. , Allenby Sonya , Lee Jowan , Lea Jane , Westerberg Brian D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo define the cost necessary to run an adult cochlear implant (CI) program, including assessment, subsequent implantation, and follow from the Canadian provincial government perspective.Study DesignTime‐driven activity based costing (TDABC) of a CI program.SettingAdult provincial CI referral center.MethodsClinical scenario pathways were developed and verified with stakeholders. TDABC was then applied to all steps involved in the pathway. Costing was based on all patients referred to the CI program in 2019. All costs were calculated in Canadian (and American) dollars as of 2023.ResultsThis is the first TDABC model of a CI program to the authors knowledge. In 2019, 296 referrals were placed to our CI program and 154 were surgical candidates. The calculated total annual cost for patients referred in 2019 was $4.542 million ($3.365 million USD), or $29,511 ($21,865 USD) per patient implanted. The largest cost contributors to patient cycles were surgical day costs ($23,164 [$17,185 USD] for unilateral, $43,356 [$32,165 USD] for bilateral), switch‐on day costs ($1068 [$791 USD] for unilateral, $1511 [$1120 USD] for bilateral), and audiological assessment costs ($692 [$512 USD]). The highest single cost on the pathway was due to the actual CI device when used. Across other patient steps, the highest costs were related to labor.ConclusionThis TDABC evaluation of a CI program found the annual cost required to meet all referrals was $4.542 million ($3.365 million USD), or $29,511 ($21,865 USD) per patient implanted. The highest single‐cost was associated with the CI device itself.
How we approach steroid‐induced affective disorder in pediatric oncology
Authors: Elliott D. Andrew , Harman Jennifer L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHigh‐dose corticosteroids are an essential component of treatment for pediatric cancers. Yet, these agents often cause psychiatric disturbances including sleep disruption, steroid‐induced psychosis, and steroid‐induced affective disorder (SIAD). SIAD, identified as a specific form of substance/medication‐induced mental disorder, can present with various psychiatric symptoms, including mania, depression, irritability, and inconsolability. SIAD's varied presentation can lead to underdiagnosis and complicates clinical care, research, and identification of best practices. Here we highlight three pediatric oncology cases involving SIAD and discuss recommendations for supporting patients with SIAD, while introducing a tiered intervention framework (modified from Kazak) that stratifies responses based on symptom severity.
A step‐by‐step progressive strategy exploring whole metabolic profiles in vivo for Polygalae Radix with/without licorice
Authors: Zhao Tiantian , Zhao Ningning , Xing Junpeng , Zheng Zhong , Liu Zhiqiang , Liu Shu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionPolygalae Radix (PR) is known to relieve toxicity and increase efficiency in various diseases after processing. However, there were few studies for aromatic carboxylic acids (ACAs) due to the limited detection, especially for the metabolites within m/z 100–2000.ObjectivesThis study aims to elucidate the whole metabolism of PR with/without licorice (LP), focusing on metabolites within m/z 100–2000 and pharmacodynamics in vivo.Material and methodsThis study was established by the combination of multidimensional ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer (UPLC–MS) technology with protein sedimentation method to analyze metabolites in plasma, brain, colon, and stomach contents. Quantitative monitoring ACAs was enhanced with our novel stable isotope derivatization (SILD) technique. And then the pharmacokinetics (PK) study of relatively large metabolites was carried out. A targeted network pharmacology approach was established to avoid false positive results, mapping interactions relevant to Alzheimer's disease (AD), and other conditions.ResultsThe 85 polygala metabolites were qualitatively analyzed in plasma, brain, colon, and stomach contents. The 11 types of relatively large metabolites and 8 types of ACAs were quantitatively monitored. Among them, nine types of relatively large metabolites were assessed through PK studies. In targeted network pharmacology, it highlighted the significance of small molecular metabolites, including ACAs et al, which were frequently overlooked. LP may play a more key role mainly through neural active ligand‐receptor interaction, AD, and pertussis pathways. These findings have outlined a step‐by‐step strategy for in‐depth research in vivo, laying a foundation for further verification of biological function.
Online gaming reduces psychological distress in a patient with schizophrenia: A case report
Authors: Sakamoto Kazutaka , Kobayashi Ryota , Morioka Daichi , Abiko Chihiro , Kimura Masayuki , Suzuki Akihito 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundSchizophrenia often involves persecutory delusions, which cause psychological distress. Some patients use online gaming as a coping tool. However, excessive online gaming has raised concerns about internet gaming disorders (IGD), while any soothing effects of online gaming on psychological distress remain unclear. Herein, we report changes in anxiety and IGD severity, measured using rating scales, in a patient with schizophrenia who used online gaming as a coping strategy for psychological distress.Case PresentationA 43‐year‐old woman diagnosed with schizophrenia had worsening persecutory delusions, including that of being targeted by snipers, and had difficulty going out because of anxiety. She coped with her psychological distress using online shooting games. We assessed her state and trait anxiety, social anxiety, avoidance behavior when alone, and IGD severity. There was a notable reduction in the state anxiety score after the introduction of online gaming. The scores for trait anxiety, social anxiety, and avoidance behavior when alone decreased noticeably after the acquisition of coping strategies. This case demonstrates the presence of IGD only during the acquisition of coping strategies.ConclusionThis case highlights the potential of online gaming as a coping strategy for schizophrenia‐related anxiety. However, excessive gaming can lead to IGD and thus necessitates caution. Further research should explore the applicability and potential risks of using online gaming to cope with psychological distress among patients with schizophrenia.
Green ink revolution: Pioneering eco‐friendly 3D printing with vegetable oil‐derived inks
Authors: Thorbole Anirudh , Bodhak Chandan , Sahu Pranabesh , Gupta Ram K. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSustainability in additive manufacturing (AM) (3D printing) could play a pivotal role for manufacturers and producers in the next‐generation manufacturing framework. The market for 3D printing is expanding rapidly, and it is expected to do so in the foreseeable years to come. As ecologically, responsible manufacturing gains more attention, renewable substitutes for regular commercial 3D printable inks must be developed for lower environmental carbon footprints (less CO2 emissions, recycling, bio‐compatibility, and zero waste). Herein, we review the recent literature on using vegetable oil (VO) as bio‐based inks for sustainable formulations for digital light processing or stereolithography additive printing. The feedstock selections (VO, terpenes, and waste cooking oil), and the chemistry of the VO‐based synthons toward sustainability in the field of photopolymerization‐based 3D printing are discussed. These renewable materials can mitigate the detrimental environmental effects of AM while remaining competitive with the existing fossil‐based resins produced by industrial manufacturers. The current challenges and limitations of AM in terms of surface finish, material properties, photo‐curing time, and end‐of‐use recycling options from biomass‐derived photocurable monomers are also identified. Overall, this development promotes the bio‐based economy and allows for the on‐demand production of a variety of sustainable inks for AM and sustainable end‐of‐use products.Highlights
The significance of vegetable oils (VOs) as photopolymerizable monomers is explored.
The necessity for 3D printing, specifically recycling and end‐of‐use, for the industrial revolution is provided.
Green developments in stereolithography/digital light processing 3D printing utilizing VOs are covered.
In vivo assessment of Lactobacillus plantarum and co‐cultured cells on a Polyurethane/PRGF/gelatin/Polyurethane scaffold in skin wound healing
Authors: Shahghasempour Lida , Fattahi Roya , Hosseinzadeh Simzar , Haddadi Azam , Shams Forough 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRapid wound healing using platelet‐rich growth factors (PRGF), stem cells, and probiotics is important due to their positive effects on skin regeneration and antibacterial activities. A novel method was employed to fabricate a biomaterial multi‐layered electrospun scaffold composed of polyurethane, PRGF, and gelatin fibers. This scaffold was used to induce mesenchymal stem cells with fibroblast cells (co‐cultured cells) and Lactobacillus plantarum. The scaffolds were analyzed for physical, mechanical, and biological characteristics. The results showed that the nanocomposite scaffolds had a higher Young's modulus and decreased contact angle. Scanning electron microscope and MTT assays demonstrated improved spreading, density, and proliferation of co‐culture cells and L. plantarum on the PU/PRGF/gelatin/PU scaffolds. Additionally, L. plantarum showed antibacterial effects on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Furthermore, in vivo studies showed that the PU/PRGF/gelatin/PU scaffold with Co and L.p was implanted on the full‐thickness skin wound of the rat's dorsal area, resulting in high pathological scores and aesthetic macroscopic results that demonstrated greater wound repair efficacy compared to the control groups. Based on the results, PU/PRGF/gelatin/PU containing the co‐culture cells and L. plantarum showed better potential for cell attachment, angiogenesis, proliferation, prevention of infection, and accelerated wound healing in rats.Highlights
Multi‐layered scaffold designed to mimic the architectures found in tissue layers.
Co‐culture involves diverse cell populations with varying levels of interaction.
Antibacterial activity inhibits target bacteria growth without harming nearby tissues.
Full‐thickness wounds penetrate beyond the dermis and epidermis layers of the skin.
Wound healing involves a number of stage‐specific molecular pathways.
The pursuit of ‘good’ Internet policy
Authors: Gray Joanne E. , Hutchinson Jonathon , Stilinovic Milica , Tjahja Nadia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs our digital society continues to advance, an increasingly diverse array of scholars, policymakers, civic interest groups, companies and regulatory bodies from around the world are seeking to have an increased say in its governance. This diversity makes the challenge of achieving ‘good’ Internet policy more complex and contested. Of course, the notion of 'good Internet policy' raises several important questions: What defines a good Internet policy? Who is it intended for? How can it be achieved and evaluated? Why is it worth pursuing? The papers in this collection explore a number of issues relevant to this pursuit. They include research into deploying digital systems to increase participation in democratic elections and other e‐governance initiatives, navigating the intersection of local norms and global rules, addressing algorithmic discrimination, confronting the role of conspiracy theories in democratic processes, defining responsibility in content moderation, balancing legal certainty with operational flexibility in platform governance and the potential for data justice in AI governance.
Self‐Assembly of UiO‐66 on Conjugated Polyelectrolytes: Toward Enhanced Photophysical Properties
Authors: Hakeem Abdullah , Merhi Nour , Karam Pierre , Hmadeh Mohamad 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this study, the synthesis and characterization of the fluorescent metal–organic framework (MOF)‐polymer composites is reported based on zirconium‐based MOFs (UiO‐66 and UiO‐66(OH)₂) and a conjugated polyelectrolyte, poly(phenylene ethynylene) carboxylate (PPE‐CO₂‐108). The defect‐rich nature of these Zr‐MOFs facilitates strong interactions between the polyelectrolyte's carboxylic acid moieties and the open metal sites on the Zr clusters within the MOF nanoparticles. The composites are prepared by a simple impregnation approach, where MOF nanocrystals suspended in HEPES buffer are added to the polymeric solution under sonication for 10 min. The obtained MOF composites (i.e., UiO‐66‐CPE and UiO‐66 (OH)2‐CPE) are characterized using powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) surface area, zeta potential measurements, and UV–vis spectroscopy. The characterization confirmed the homogeneous distribution of the MOF nanocrystals on the polymer as seen in the SEM images, and the interaction with PPE‐CO₂‐108 is confirmed by the decrease in the surface areas from 1050 to 590 m2 g−1 for UiO‐66‐CPE and from 500 to 137 m2 g−1, for UiO‐66(OH)2‐CPE. Fluorescence microscopy revealed strong fluorescence in the microparticles, confirming robust polymer‐MOF interaction. The composites also exhibit improved photostability of the conjugated polyelectrolyte, suggesting their potential for applications in biomedical imaging and other areas requiring stable and bright fluorescent systems.
The population pharmacokinetics of dolutegravir co‐administered with rifampicin in Thai people living with HIV: Assessment of alternative dosing regimens
Authors: Punyawudho Baralee , Chanruang Anan , Ueaphongsukkit Thornthun , Gatechompol Sivaporn , Ubolyam Sasiwimol , Cho Yong Soon , Shin Jae Gook , Avihingsanon Anchalee 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTuberculosis is the most common opportunistic infection in individuals with HIV, and rifampicin is crucial in the treatment of tuberculosis. Drug–drug interactions complicate the use of DTG in HIV/TB co‐infection, which makes drug administration more difficult. This study aimed to develop the population pharmacokinetic model of DTG when co‐administered with rifampicin. The developed model was further used to investigate different dosing regimens. Forty HIV/TB‐co‐infected participants receiving DTG 50 mg once daily (OD) with food or DTG 50 mg twice daily (b.i.d.) without food were included in the analysis. Intensive pharmacokinetic samples were collected. The data were analyzed using a nonlinear mixed‐effects modeling approach. A total of 332 DTG concentrations from 40 PLWH were analyzed. The pharmacokinetics of DTG co‐administered with rifampicin can be best described by a one‐compartment model with first‐order absorption (incorporating lag time) and elimination. Total bilirubin was the only covariate that significantly affected CL/F. DTG 50 mg b.i.d. results in the highest proportion of individuals achieving in vitro IC90 of 0.064 mg/L and in vivo EC90 of 0.3 mg/L, while more than 90% of individuals receiving DTG 100 mg OD would achieve the in vitro IC90 target. Therefore, DTG 100 mg OD could serve as an alternative regimen by minimizing the difficulty of drug administration. However, its clinical efficacy requires additional evaluation.