bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the quality and health literacy demand of online renal diet information
Authors: Lambert K. , Mullan J. , Mansfield K. , Koukomous A. , Mesiti L. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundDietary modification is critical in the self‐management of chronic kidney disease. The present study describes the accuracy, quality and health literacy demand of renal diet information for adults with kidney disease obtained from the Internet and YouTube (www.youtube.com).MethodsA comprehensive content analysis was undertaken in April and July 2015 of 254 eligible websites and 161 YouTube videos. The accuracy of the renal diet information was evaluated by comparing the key messages with relevant evidence‐based guidelines for the dietary management of people with kidney disease. The DISCERN tool (www.discern.org.uk) was used to evaluate the quality of the material. Health literacy demand was evaluated using the Patient Education Material Assessment Tool (www.ahrq.gov/professionals/prevention-chronic-care/improve/self-mgmt/pemat/index.html) and seven validated readability calculators.ResultsThe most frequent renal diet topic found online was generic dietary information for people with chronic kidney disease. The proportion of renal diet information obtained from websites that was accurate was 73%. However, this information was mostly of poor quality with extensive shortcomings, difficult to action and written with a high health literacy demand. By contrast, renal diet information available from YouTube was highly understandable and actionable, although only 18% of the videos were accurate, and a large proportion were of poor quality with extensive shortcomings. The most frequent authors of accurate, good quality, understandable, material were government bodies, dietitians, academic institutions and medical organisations.ConclusionsRenal diet information found online that is written by government bodies, dietitians, academic institutions and medical organisations is recommended. Further work is required to improve the quality and, most importantly, the actionability of renal diet information found online.
Technology to engage hospitalised patients in their nutrition care: a qualitative study of usability and patient perceptions of an electronic foodservice system
Authors: Roberts S. , Marshall A. P. , Gonzalez R. , Chaboyer W. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundActive patient involvement in nutrition care may improve dietary intakes in hospital. Our team is developing an innovative programme allowing patients to self‐assess and self‐monitor their nutrition at the bedside. The present study aimed to assess usability and patient perceptions of an electronic foodservice system (EFS) for participating in nutrition care.MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted in an Australian tertiary hospital. Participants were sampled purposively and included patients who were able to provide informed consent and communicate in English. Patient interviews were conducted at the bedside and consisted of: (i) usability testing of the EFS using ‘Think Aloud’ technique and (ii) questioning using a semi‐structured interview guide to understand perceptions of the EFS. Interview data were analysed using inductive content analysis.ResultsThirty‐two patients were interviewed. Their perceptions of using the EFS to participate in nutrition care were expressed in five categories: (i) Familiarity with technology can affect confidence and ability but is not essential to use EFS; (ii) User interface design significantly impacts EFS usability; (iii) Identifying benefits to technology increases its acceptance; (iv) Technology enables participation, which occurs to varying extents; and (v) Degree of participation depends on perceived importance of nutrition.ConclusionsPatients found the EFS acceptable and acknowledged benefits to its use. Several factors appeared to influence usability, acceptability and willingness to engage with the system, such as user interface design and perceived ease of use, benefits and importance. The present study provides important insights into designing technology‐based interventions for engaging inpatients in their nutrition care.
Life Cycle Assessment of Novel Aircraft Interior Panels Made from Renewable or Recyclable Polymers with Natural Fiber Reinforcements and Non‐Halogenated Flame Retardants
Authors: Vidal Rosario , Moliner Enrique , Martin Pedro P. , Fita Sergio , Wonneberger Maik , Verdejo Eva , Vanfleteren François , Lapeña Nieves , González Ana 
Published: February 2017

SummaryA comprehensive life cycle assessment of panels for aircraft interiors was conducted, including both a conventional glass fiber‐reinforced panel and different novel sustainable panels. The conventional panel is made of a glass fiber‐reinforced thermoset composite with halogenated flame retardant, whereas the sustainable panels are made of renewable or recyclable polymers, natural fiber reinforcements, and nonhalogenated flame retardants. Four different sustainable panels were investigated: a geopolymer‐based panel; a linseed‐oil–based biopolymer panel; and two thermoplastic panels, one with polypropylene (PP) and another with polylactic acid (PLA). All of the sustainable panels were developed to fulfil fire resistance requirements and to be lighter than the conventional panels in order to reduce fuel consumption and air pollutant emissions from the aircraft. The environmental impacts associated with energy consumption and air emissions were assessed, as well as other environmental impacts resulting from the extraction and processing of materials, transportation of materials and waste, panel manufacturing, use, maintenance, and end of life (EoL). All the sustainable panels showed better environmental performance than the conventional panel. The overall impacts of the sustainable panels were offset by the environmental benefits in the use stage attributed to weight reduction. One square meter of the novel panels could save to 6,000 kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalents. The break‐even point (in months) at which the use of sustainable panels would yield an environmental benefit relative to the impacts arising in production and EoL was as follows: 1.2 for the geopolymer panel; 1.7 for the biopolymer panel; 10.4 for the PLA panel; and 54.5 for the PP panel.
The function of the ocelloid and piston in the dinoflagellate Erythropsidinium (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae)
Authors: Gómez Fernando 
Published: February 2017

The marine dinoflagellate Erythropsidinium possesses an ocelloid, the most elaborate photoreceptor organelle known in a unicellular organism, and a piston, a fast contractile appendage unknown in any other organism. The ocelloid is able to rotate, often before the cell swims. The ocelloid contains lenses that function to concentrate light. The flagellar propulsion is atrophied, and the piston is responsible for locomotion through successive extensions and contractions. During the “locomotion mode”, the contraction is ~4 times faster than the extension. The piston attained up to 50 mm · s−1 and the cell jumps backwards at −4 mm · s−1, while during the piston extension the cell moves forwards. The net speed of ~−1 mm · s−1 is faster than other dinoflagellates. The piston usually moved in the “static mode” without significant cell swimming. This study suggests that the piston is also a tactile organelle that scans the surrounding waters for prey. Erythropsidinium feeds on copepod eggs by engulfing. The end of the piston possesses a “suction cup” able to attach the prey and place it into the posterior cavity for engulfing. The cylindrical shape of Erythropsidinium, and the anterior position of the ocelloid and nucleus, are morphological adaptations that leave space for the large vacuole. Observations are provided on morphological development during cell division. Most of the described species of Erythropsidinium apparently correspond to distinct life stages of known species, and the genus Greuetodinium (=Leucopsis) corresponds to an earlier division stage.
Endemic prevalence of hepatitis B and C in Mongolia: A nationwide survey amongst Mongolian adults
Authors: Dashtseren B. , Bungert A. , Bat‐Ulzii P. , Enkhbat M. , Lkhagva‐Ochir O. , Jargalsaikhan G. , Enkhbat A. , Oidovsambuu O. , Klemen J. , Dashdorj N. , Dashdorj N. , Genden Z. , Yagaanbuyant D. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryIn this study, a representative group of Mongolian adults was tested for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Screening was conducted at 17 different locations on a randomly sampled group, representing the Mongolian adult population. A total of 1158 adults, 500 (43.1%) men and 659 (56.9%) women were included. The prevalence estimates of HBV and HCV amongst the general Mongolian adult population were found to be 11.1%±1% (SE) and 8.5%±0.7% or 207 418 and 160 228 cases, respectively. For HCV, the majority of cases are concentrated in older age groups with a prevalence of 25.8% amongst those aged 50 years and above, whilst the prevalence of HBV does not vary significantly amongst age groups. For both, HBV and HCV, the data indicate a higher risk of infection and a higher mortality because of the hepatitis amongst men than amongst women. This study represents the first nationwide estimate of the prevalence of HBV in Mongolia and also considered the first for HCV since 2005 and confirm the position of Mongolia as one of the hot‐spots of chronic hepatitis infection in the world with about 19.4% of the adult population being infected with either HBV or HCV.
Regulation of nrf operon expression in pathogenic enteric bacteria: sequence divergence reveals new regulatory complexity
Authors: Godfrey Rita E. , Lee David J. , Busby Stephen J. W. , Browning Douglas F. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryThe Escherichia coli K‐12 nrf operon encodes a periplasmic nitrite reductase, the expression of which is driven from a single promoter, pnrf. Expression from pnrf is activated by the FNR transcription factor in response to anaerobiosis and further increased in response to nitrite by the response regulator proteins, NarL and NarP. FNR‐dependent transcription is suppressed by the binding of two nucleoid associated proteins, IHF and Fis. As Fis levels increase in cells grown in rich medium, the positioning of its binding site, overlapping the promoter −10 element, ensures that pnrf is sharply repressed. Here, we investigate the expression of the nrf operon promoter from various pathogenic enteric bacteria. We show that pnrf from enterohaemorrhagic E. coli is more active than its K‐12 counterpart, exhibits substantial FNR‐independent activity and is insensitive to nutrient quality, due to an improved −10 element. We also demonstrate that the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium core promoter is more active than previously thought, due to differences around the transcription start site, and that its expression is repressed by downstream sequences. We identify the CsrA RNA binding protein as being responsible for this, and show that CsrA differentially regulates the E. coli K‐12 and Salmonella nrf operons.
A national survey of the use of pachymeters by optometrists in Scotland: experience, views and barriers to use
Authors: Goudie Colin , Pronin Savva , Court Helen , Pooley Janet , Tatham Andrew J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPurposeThin central corneal thickness (CCT) is a risk factor for glaucoma. In 2016 all optometry practices in Scotland were provided with pachymeters aiming to improve risk assessment and accuracy of referrals to secondary care. We examined optometrists’ experience and views of pachymetry, including perceived barriers to pachymetry in primary care.MethodsA questionnaire was sent using the REDCap electronic data capture tool to all 1264 optometrists registered with NHS Education for Scotland (NES). The questionnaire evaluated year of qualification, previous pachymetry training, confidence performing and interpreting pachymetry, and perceived indications for and barriers to use.ResultsRespondents numbered 418 out of 1264 (33%) optometrists, of whom 56% had previous training in pachymetry. Those that had previous training were significantly more likely to report pachymetry to be useful, with median (inter‐quartile range) usefulness score of 86 (71–98) where 0 indicated not at all useful, and 100 extremely useful, vs 76 (58–90), Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test, z = −4.67, p < 0.01. There are no valid scales for adjusting intraocular pressure (IOP) using CCT, however 45% of respondents reported using a scale. Optometrists planned to use pachymetry when assessing patients with ocular hypertension or suspected glaucoma. The greatest perceived barrier was the process of decontaminating or cleaning the pachymeter between patients, followed by lack of time and lack of training.ConclusionsAlthough the majority of optometrists were interested in performing pachymetry, many lacked confidence in performing and interpreting the results. Forty‐one percent of those who reported training in pachymetry still used non‐validated scales to convert IOP measurements illustrating the need for further training.
Comparison of Left Atrial Voltage between Sinus Rhythm and Atrial Fibrillation in Association with Electrogram Waveform
Authors: MASUDA MASAHARU , FUJITA MASASHI , IIDA OSAMU , OKAMOTO SHIN , ISHIHARA TAKAYUKI , NANTO KIYONORI , KANDA TAKASHI , SUNAGA AKIHIRO , TSUJIMURA TAKUYA , MATSUDA YASUHIRO , OHASHI TAKUYA , UEMATSU MASAAKI 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundThe efficacy of low‐voltage‐guided ablation in addition to pulmonary vein (PV) isolation for atrial fibrillation (AF) has been reported with voltage mapping being performed during sinus rhythm (SR) or AF. The study aimed to compare the left atrial voltage between SR and AF in association with the electrogram waveform.MethodsThis prospective observational study included 30 consecutive patients with persistent AF. After completion of PV isolation, electrogram points were taken during both SR and AF at the identical locations evenly throughout the left atrium. Electrograms were divided into two types: normal (sharp electrogram with ≤3 peaks or duration <50 ms) and fractionated (>3 peaks and duration ≥50 ms).ResultsDuring SR, 14 (47%) patients had low‐voltage (0.5 mV) substrate with an area of 6.8 ± 4.5 cm2. In a total of 1,063 point pairs, 135 (13%) demonstrated a fractionated electrogram during SR and 483 (45%) during AF. The locations with fractionated electrograms during AF more frequently showed fractionation during SR compared to those with normal electrograms during AF (23% vs 5%, P < 0.0001), and had lower amplitude during SR (1.47 ± 1.29 mV vs 2.03 ± 1.19 mV, P < 0.0001). Electrogram amplitude was higher during SR than that during AF (1.77 ± 1.27 mV vs 0.96 ± 0.77 mV, P < 0.0001) with a weak correlation (r = 0.56, P < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses revealed that the correlation was relatively strong (r = 0.73, P < 0.0001) among the electrogram amplitudes with normal waveform during SR and AF.ConclusionsSignificant differences in electrogram voltage and fractionation degree may exist between SR and AF at the same locations in patients with persistent AF.
Temporary partisans, tagged officers or impartial professionals: Moving between ministerial offices and departments
Authors: Maley Maria 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThere are increasing concerns that the line between political and public service roles is becoming blurred, and that political advisers may be politicizing the work of public servants. Underlying this is the fundamental value conflict between responsiveness and impartiality and the challenge of balancing neutral competence and responsive competence in government. In Australia and Canada the norm of impartiality is challenged by the movement of staff between partisan ministers' offices and the public service. This is a case study comparison of how the risks posed by these transitions are managed through institutional rules and practices. This study of rule‐building by two countries with similar political institutions and shared traditions demonstrates the critical role played by rules which regulate activity between two organizations with opposed values. It finds differences of approach and attention in Canada and Australia and provides a lens through which to explore the contested boundaries of impartiality.
Increased Fas ligand expression of peripheral B‐1 cells correlated with CD4+ T‐cell apoptosis in filarial‐infected patients
Authors: Mishra R. , Panda S. K. , Sahoo P. K. , Bal M. S. , Satapathy A. K. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryCellular hyporesponsiveness observed during helminth infections is attributed to factors such as antigen‐presenting cells (APC) dysfunction, increased interleukin‐10(IL‐10), regulatory T cells and induction of CD4+ T (Th)‐cell apoptosis. Increased Fas ligand (FasL) expression on the surface of B‐1 cells and induction of apoptosis of Th cells by FasL‐expressing B‐1 cells due to helminth infection were demonstrated in murine model of helminth infection where as profile of FasL expression, Th‐cell apoptosis and correlation between these two populations of cells in clinical filariasis remain unknown. In this study, we have scored the profile of apoptotic Th‐cell population and FasL‐expressing B‐1 cells in different clinical categories of filariasis. The peripheral apoptotic T‐helper cells were significantly increased in filarial patients compared to endemic controls. Expression of FasL on the surface of peripheral B‐1 cells increased in filarial patients and positively correlated with peripheral apoptotic T‐helper cells indicating FasL‐expressing B‐1 cells may be one of the important mediators of Th‐cell apoptosis and immune anergy during filarial pathology.
Legacy microsite effect on the survival of bitterbrush outplantings after prescribed fire: capitalizing on spatial variability to improve restoration
Authors: Davies Kirk W. , Boyd Chad S. , Bates Jon D. , Gearhart Amanda 
Published: February 2017

AbstractRestoration of shrubs in arid and semi‐arid rangelands is hampered by low success rates. Planting shrub seedlings is a method used to improve success in these rangelands; however, it is expensive and labor intensive. The efficiency of shrub restoration could be improved by identifying microsites where shrub survival is greater. Bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata Pursh DC) is an important shrub to wildlife that has declined because of conifer encroachment, excessive defoliation, wildfires, and low recruitment. We investigated planting bitterbrush seedlings in western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis ssp. occidentalis Hook) encroached shrublands after prescribed fire was used to control trees. Bitterbrush seedlings were planted in under (canopy) and between (interspace) former juniper canopies at five blocks and evaluated for three growing seasons. Bitterbrush survival was greater than 50% in the former canopy, but only 5% in the interspace microsite by the third growing season. Growth of bitterbrush was also greater in the former canopy compared with the interspace, potentially due to markedly less perennial vegetation in this microsite. Exotic annual grasses and annual forbs became prevalent in the former canopy in the second and third growing season, suggesting that soil resource availability was greater in this microsite. These results suggest that restoration success will vary by specific locations within a burned landscape and that this variability can be used to improve restoration efficiency. In this situation, bitterbrush restoration can be improved by planting seedlings in former canopy compared with interspace microsites.
Scabies in a bilateral hand allograft recipient: An additional mimicker of acute skin rejection in vascularized composite allotransplantation
Authors: Kanitakis Jean , Morelon Emmanuel 
Published: February 2017

AbstractVascularized composite tissue allografts include skin, which frequently undergoes, in the early post‐graft period, acute rejections. The diagnosis of acute rejection may be difficult as it can be mimicked by several dermatoses. We present a bilateral hand allograft recipient who developed, 16.5 years post‐graft, cutaneous lesions raising suspicion about rejection. Physical examination and skin biopsy were diagnostic of scabies. This ectoparasitosis should be added in the list of dermatoses that can mimic allograft rejection in vascular composite allografts.
Complete Genome Sequence of Desulfovibrio piger FI11049
Authors: Wegmann Udo , Nueno Palop Carmen , Mayer Melinda J. , Crost Emmanuelle , Narbad Arjan 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

The complete genome sequence of
Desulfovibrio piger
FI11049 was determined. The genome consists of a single circular chromosome of 2,807,531 bp encoding seven rRNA operons, 76 tRNA genes, and 2,535 coding genes.
Whole-Genome Sequence of a Colombian Acinetobacter baumannii Strain, a Coproducer of OXA-72 and OXA-255-Like Carbapenemases
Authors: Saavedra Sandra Yamile , Prada-Cardozo Diego , Rincón Verónica , Pérez-Cardona Hermes , Hidalgo Andrea Melissa , González María Nilse , Reguero María T. , Valenzuela de Silva Emilia M. , Mantilla José R. , Falquet Laurent , Barreto-Hernández Emiliano , Duarte Carolina 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Colombian
Acinetobacter baumannii
strain ST920 was isolated from the sputum of a 68-year-old male patient. This isolate possessed
bla
OXA-72 and
bla
OXA-255-like genes. The assembled genome contained 4,104,098 pb and 38.79% G+C content. This is the first case reported of the coproduction (
bla
OXA-72 and
bla
OXA-255-like) of carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D β-lactamases (CHDLs) in
Acinetobacter baumannii
.
Genome Sequence of a Novel Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Strain That Reemerged in Southern China
Authors: Zhai Shao-Lun , Zhou Xia , Lin Tao , Zhang He , Lv Dian-Hong , Wen Xiao-Hui , Zhou Xiu-Rong , Jia Chun-Ling , Tu Du , Zhu Xue-Liang , Chen Qin-Ling , Wei Wen-Kang 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT
Here, we describe a novel porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) variant (GD2014) found in the Guangdong province, southern China. Its complete genome is 1,766 nucleotides and contained a 708-nucleotide open reading frame 2 (ORF2). Sequence analysis suggested that GD2014 is closest to JS2015 originating from the Jiangsu province of China and belongs to the PCV2d genotype.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Actinomyces glycerinitolerans
Strain G10
T
, Isolated from Sheep Rumen Fluid
Authors: Palakawong Na Ayudthaya Susakul , Strepis Nikolaos , Pristaš Peter , Plugge Caroline M. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Actinomyces glycerinitolerans
strain G10
T
, which was isolated from sheep rumen fluid, can metabolize a range of substrates, including complex carbohydrates to organic acids (OAs). Here, we report a 3.69-Mbp draft genome of
Actinomyces glycerinitolerans
.
Draft Genome Sequencing of the Highly Halotolerant and Allopolyploid Yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii NBRC 1876
Authors: Sato Atsushi , Matsushima Kenichiro , Oshima Kenshiro , Hattori Masahira , Koyama Yasuji 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

The highly halotolerant and allopolyploid yeast
Zygosaccharomyces rouxii
is industrially used for the food production in high concentrations of salt, such as brewing soy sauce and miso paste. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Z. rouxii
NBRC 1876 isolated from miso paste.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Donghicola
sp. Strain KarMa, a Model Organism for Monomethylamine-Degrading Nonmethylotrophic Bacteria
Authors: Zecher Karsten , Suleiman Marcel , Wibberg Daniel , Winkler Anika , Philipp Bodo , Kalinowski Jörn 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

The C
1
-compound monomethylamine can serve as a nitrogen, carbon, and energy source for heterotrophic bacteria. The marine alphaproteobacterium
Donghicola
sp. strain KarMa can use monomethylamine as a source only for nitrogen and not for carbon. Its draft genome sequence is presented here and reveals putative gene clusters for the methylamine dehydrogenase and the
N
-methylglutamate pathways for monomethylamine metabolism.