bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a new unsteady‐state equation for the design of subsurface drainage systems suitable for the Delta region, Egypt
Authors: Fath‐Allah Safaa Youssef Mohammad 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe main goal of this research is to obtain a new unsteady‐state equation for the design of subsurface drainage systems that provides a more combatable solution under conditions in the Delta region, Egypt, while simultaneously avoiding all obstacles, difficulties and points of argument in other unsteady‐state equations. The point of argument in unsteady‐state assumptions is the initial water table shape. Then, the study reached a constant called Csh, which represents the initial water table shape and was proven to depend on drain depth (d.d.). Moreover, the new equation avoids using the drainable porosity of soil (f), which is the greatest restriction in using unsteady‐state equations. The new equation replaces f with another constant called Cs, which can be easily determined by using tables or graphs depending on drain depth (d.d.) and hydraulic conductivity (k). Another new important variable is also used in the new equation: the hydraulic head after 6 days of irrigation (h). Using this parameter with the initial water table (h0) and the water table after t days (ht) ensures more accurate results. Then, the new equation, which can be called the Safaa equation, can result in an optimum solution for the Delta region, Egypt, because it provides spacing between laterals (L), which results in the desired performance with the least cost.
MACC1 enhances an oncogenic RNA splicing of IRAK1 through interacting with HNRNPH1 in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Shiqing , Li Zhuoshi , Chen Chaoqun , Guo Tao , Zhao Shilei , Zhao Jinyao , Zhang Wenjing , Qi Yangfan , Zhang Jinrui , Wang Yang , Lv Yuesheng , Gu Chundong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDysregulation of alternative pre‐mRNA splicing plays a critical role in the progression of cancers, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. It is reported that metastasis‐associated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1) is a novel prognostic and predictive marker in many types of cancers, including lung adenocarcinoma. Here, we reveal that the oncogene MACC1 specifically drives the progression of lung adenocarcinoma through its control over cancer‐related splicing events. MACC1 depletion inhibits lung adenocarcinoma progression through triggering IRAK1 from its long isoform, IRAK1‐L, to the shorter isoform, IRAK1‐S. Mechanistically, MACC1 interacts with splicing factor HNRNPH1 to prevent the production of the short isoform of IRAK1 mRNA. Specifically, the interaction between MACC1 and HNRNPH1 relies on the involvement of MACC1's SH3 domain and HNRNPH1's GYR domain. Further, HNRNPH1 can interact with the pre‐mRNA segment (comprising exon 11) of IRAK1, thereby bridging MACC1's regulation of IRAK1 splicing. Our research not only sheds light on the abnormal splicing regulation in cancer but also uncovers a hitherto unknown function of MACC1 in tumor progression, thereby presenting a novel potential therapeutic target for clinical treatment.
Robotic Assisted TKA achieves adjusted mechanical alignment targets more consistently compared to manual TKA without improving outcomes
Authors: Rajgopal Ashok , Sundararajan Sriram Surendra , Aggarwal Kalpana , Kumar Sumit , Singh Gargi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionRobotic total knee arthroplasty (rTKA), with its purported advantages of more accurate alignment, greater functional outcomes and patient satisfaction, is gaining popularity in patients undergoing TKA. The purpose of our study was to compare these parameters along with gait pattern and kneeling ability in a cohort of patients who underwent simultaneous TKA with manual instrumentation (mTKA) and rTKA in contralateral knees at a 1‐year follow‐up.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of 135 consecutive patients who underwent simultaneous bilateral TKA using robotic assistance on one side and manual instrumentation on the contralateral side between January 2022 and June 2022. The target alignment in both cohorts was adjusted mechanical. Patients were followed up at 3, 6 and 12 months to assess and compare alignment, range of motion (ROM) and patient‐reported outcome measures (PROM) data. Gait parameters and kneeling ability were assessed at 1‐year follow‐up.ResultsWhile adjusted mechanical alignment was achieved in all rTKA patients, we recorded five outliers (≥3° with relation to 180° HKA axis) in the mTKA cohort (three varus and two valgus). There were no significant differences between both cohorts with regards to ROM, PROM scores, gait analysis parameters and kneeling ability at 1‐year follow‐up.ConclusionrTKA helps in achieving the adjusted mechanical alignment more consistently than mTKA. This, however, does not contribute to better functional outcomes and patient satisfaction at 1‐year follow‐up.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis on in vitro fermentation in the rumen of Hu sheep
Authors: Kamal Mahmoud , Linlin Kou , Gao Jian , Xinrui Zhao , Xinming Cheng , Haibo Wang , Lulu Dai , Abd El‐Hack Mohamed E. , Mahrose Khalid , Cheng Yanfen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe demand for animal products is increasing in developing countries due to population growth. However, livestock production contributes significantly to global warming, accounting for 25%. Probiotics can help improve livestock efficiency by enhancing gut microbes and fat metabolism. They can modify rumen populations, enhance fermentation, reduce methane emissions and improve feed digestion. In this study, the goal was to determine the most effective method of reducing methane emissions in the rumen of sheep in vitro by adding different concentrations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis.RESULTSAdding 8 × 106 CFU g−1 S. cerevisiae during fermentation reduced pH levels after 48 h. This also increased the concentrations of NH3‐N, microbial protein and total gas production. At the same time, it decreased methane emissions. Furthermore, adding 20 × 106 CFU g−1 B. subtilis to the mixture increased total gas production (TGP) and methane production, with the highest production observed after 48 h. However, it did not affect pH levels after 48 h.CONCLUSIONIt can be concluded that S. cerevisiae had significantly increased microbial protein and NH3‐N concentrations after fermentation without altering pH. Additionally, the addition of S. cerevisiae enhanced TGP and reduced methane emissions. It is worth noting that TGP increased because B. subtilis was added at a concentration of 20 × 106 CFU g−1, with no significant differences between concentrations. Therefore, we recommend adding S. cerevisiae and B. subtilis to the diet at doses of 8 and 20 × 106 CFU g−1, as it resulted in higher TGP and reduced methane emissions. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Simultaneously predicting SPAD and water content in rice leaves using hyperspectral imaging with deep multi‐task regression and transfer component analysis
Authors: Zhai Yuanning , Wang Jun , Zhou Lei , Zhang Xincheng , Ren Yun , Qi Hengnian , Zhang Chu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDWater content and chlorophyll content are important indicators for monitoring rice growth status. Simultaneous detection of water content and chlorophyll content is of significance. Different varieties of rice show differences in phenotype, resulting in the difficulties of establishing a universal model. In this study, hyperspectral imaging was used to detect the Soil and Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD) values and water content of fresh rice leaves of three rice varieties (Jiahua 1, Xiushui 121 and Xiushui 134).RESULTSBoth partial least squares regression and convolutional neural networks were used to establish single‐task and multi‐task models. Transfer component analysis (TCA) was used as transfer learning to learn the common features to achieve an approximate identical distribution between any two varieties. Single‐task and multi‐task models were also built using the features of the source domain, and these models were applied to the target domain. These results indicated that for models of each rice variety the prediction accuracy of most multi‐task models was close to that of single‐task models. As for TCA, the results showed that the single‐task model achieved good performance for all transfer learning tasks.CONCLUSIONCompared with the original model, good and differentiated results were obtained for the models using features learned by TCA for both the source domain and target domain. The multi‐task models could be constructed to predict SPAD values and water content simultaneously and then transferred to another rice variety, which could improve the efficiency of model construction and realize rapid detection of rice growth indicators. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Monotonicities of quasi‐normed Calderón–Lozanovskiĭ spaces with applications to approximation problems
Authors: Foralewski Paweł , Kolwicz Paweł 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe consider the geometric structure of quasi‐normed Calderón–Lozanovskiĭ spaces. First, we study relations between the quasi‐norm and the quasi‐modular “near zero” and “near one,” which are fundamental for the theory. With their help, we provide a precise description of the basic monotonicity properties. In comparison with the well‐known normed case, we develop a number of new techniques and methods, among which the conditions and play a crucial role. From our general results, we conclude the criteria for monotonicity properties in quasi‐normed Orlicz spaces, which are new even in this particular context. We consider both the function and the sequence case as well as we admit degenerated Orlicz functions, which provides us with a maximal class of spaces under consideration. We also discuss the applications of suitable properties to the best dominated approximation problems in quasi‐Banach lattices.
Imported inputs and productivity: Unraveling the dynamics in India's manufacturing sector
Authors: Khanna Rupika , Sharma Chandan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study investigates effects of imported intermediate inputs on firms' productivity in the Indian manufacturing. We use a panel data of manufacturing firms from 2001 to 2021 and adopt the production function approach for analysis. Our results confirm the crucial role of all three imported input types at aggregated and disaggregated levels. However, the productivity effect of imported raw materials is the largest, followed by finished goods and capital inputs. Results show the role of imports is marginally higher for high innovation, specialist‐suppliers and science‐based industries. We also show that spillover effects of foreign technology embodied in imported capital goods.
Improving standardization and accuracy of in vivo omega plot exchange parameter determination using rotating‐frame model‐based fitting of quasi‐steady‐state Z‐spectra
Authors: Chung Julius Juhyun , Kim Hahnsung , Ji Yang , Lu Dongshuang , Zhou Iris Y. , Sun Phillip Zhe 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeAlthough Ω‐plot‐driven quantification of in vivo amide exchange properties has been demonstrated, differences in scan parameters may complicate the fidelity of determination. This work systematically evaluated the use of quasi‐steady‐state (QUASS) Z‐spectra reconstruction to standardize in vivo amide exchange quantification across acquisition conditions and further determined it in vivo.MethodsSimulation and in vivo rodent brain chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) data at 4.7 T were fit with and without QUASS reconstruction using both multi‐Lorentzian and model‐based fitting approaches. pH modulation was accomplished both in simulation and in vivo by inducing global ischemia via cardiac arrest. Amide parameters were determined via Ω‐plots and compared across methods.ResultsSimulation showed that Ω‐plots using multi‐Lorentzian fitting could underestimate the exchange rate, with error increasing as conditions diverged from the steady state. In comparison, model‐based fitting using QUASS estimated the same exchange rate within 2%. These results aligned with in vivo findings where multi‐Lorentzian fitting of native Z‐spectra resulted in an exchange rate of 64 ± 13 s−1 (38 ± 16 s−1 after cardiac arrest), whereas model‐based fitting of QUASS Z‐spectra yielded an exchange rate of 126 ± 25 s−1 (49 ± 13 s−1).ConclusionThe model‐based fitting of QUASS CEST Z‐spectra enables consistent and accurate quantification of exchange parameters through Ω‐plot construction by reducing error due to signal overlap and nonequilibrium CEST effects.
What Makes Peer Fundraisers Successful? Examining Peer‐to‐Peer Fundraising Success in the Context of Peer‐to‐Peer Nonprofit–Business Collaboration
Authors: Hesse Laura , Boenigk Silke 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTTo advance the conceptual understanding of what drives peer‐to‐peer fundraising success, this study takes a first step toward conceptualizing antecedents of peer fundraiser success based on a real‐world nonprofit–business collaboration. Drawing on social network and signaling theories, combined with knowledge from peer‐to‐peer fundraising literature, the authors developed and tested a mid‐range theory‐driven framework of peer fundraising success. The study collected observable data from a peer‐to‐peer collaboration between UNICEF and Les Mills, labeled “Workout for Water” campaign, and analyzed a unique dataset of 1899 fitness instructors who were engaged in the campaign as peer fundraisers. By contrasting characteristics and actions of successful and unsuccessful peer fundraisers, the empirical evidence from the two‐part model affirms several antecedents distinguishing between those peer fundraisers who achieve fundraising success and those who do not. The personal efforts to initiate additional actions and peer fundraiser's professional reputation within the peer community are particularly important. Furthermore, personalizing the individual's online fundraising page is important for overcoming the barrier of receiving no donations. As a key implication for practice, we present how to better realize peer‐to‐peer fundraising campaigns within a nonprofit–business collaboration setting.
An Upper Paleolithic horse mandible with an embedded lithic projectile: Insights into 16,500 cal BP hunting strategies through a unique case of bone injury from Cantabrian Spain
Authors: Cueto Marián , Camarós Edgard , Chauvin Adriana , Ontañón Roberto , Arias Pablo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEmbedded artifacts in osteoarchaeological remains may be key to approaching hunting strategies and other behavioral‐related issues such as technological development. However, that kind of evidence is not common within the archaeological record and often not well‐characterized, especially for faunal remains from prehistoric sites. Here, we present and discuss a unique case of a horse (Equus caballus) mandible with an embedded lithic remains from the Upper Paleolithic (ca. 17,300–16,200 cal BP) from La Garma cave in Cantabria, Spain. Our macro‐ and microscopic faunal and lithic integrated analysis suggests that the case presented here is a potential perimortem hunting lesion, representing an uncommon hunting strategy during the Magdalenian period. Furthermore, this study, representing the first case of its kind in the Iberian Peninsula, emphasizes the importance of the taphonomic analysis of bone surfaces to approach the understanding of past human behaviors.
Diabetes‐related distress in people with type 2 diabetes: experience from a community diabetes clinic
Authors: Balani Jyoti , Emmambux Samshad , Hyer Steve 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground: Diabetes distress is the term used to describe the diabetes‐specific emotional distress resulting from the challenges of managing this demanding chronic condition.Aims: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of diabetes distress and its subtypes in adults with type 2 diabetes who attended our community‐based clinics and to investigate the relationship between diabetes distress scores and demographic factors and diabetes variables (HbA1c and treatment regimen).Methods: Patients were referred to our specialist diabetes team by primary care teams. Clinical details, including current treatment regimen and recent HbA1c result, were recorded. Patients then completed the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS) 17 questionnaire. Data from all 82 patients who attended our clinic from May 2022 to November 2022 were analysed.Results: A high level of diabetes distress (mean score of ≥3) was found in 17 patients (20.7%), and a moderate level of diabetes distress was found in 22 patients (26.8%). Patients with an HbA1c of >90mmol/mol had significantly higher mean regimen‐related distress than those with an HbA1c of <60mmol/mol (2.58±1.18 vs 1.86±0.8, respectively; p=0.03). In addition, patients with higher HbA1c had higher diabetes‐related emotional distress than those with lower HbA1c. However, this result did not demonstrate statistical significance. Conversely, patients with optimal HbA1c levels had significantly lower mean interpersonal distress scores than the rest of the cohort (1.13±0.99 vs 1.80±0.99, respectively; p=0.01).Conclusions: Diabetes distress is common among patients attending community‐based diabetes services. Further research is needed to determine the most effective strategies for reducing diabetes distress and improving clinical outcomes.
Diabetic ketoacidosis in a patient with type 2 diabetes induced by multiple triggers: a case report and implications for clinical practice
Authors: Kitsios Konstantinos , Trakatelli Christina‐Maria 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDiabetic ketoacidosis is a recognized side effect of SGLT‐2 inhibitors precipitated by several factors. A 58‐year‐old man with long‐standing, well‐controlled type 2 diabetes on dapagliflozin, metformin and gliclazide and subacute De Quervain thyroiditis treated with high dose prednisolone was evaluated in the emergency department for abdominal pain and tachypnea. Severe diabetic ketoacidosis related to dapagliflozin was diagnosed. De Quervain thyroiditis and treatment with high dose prednisolone were identified as potential triggering factors. Combined use of dapagliflozin and high dose prednisolone may increase the risk for SGLT‐2 inhibitors related diabetic ketoacidosis, especially in the course of acute illness.
NUT carcinoma of the head and neck: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhao Yue , Zhang Jun , Liao Wenjun , Li Jiayu , Zhang Shichuan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNuclear protein in testis (NUT) carcinoma is a rare and highly aggressive cancer, characterized by rearrangements involving the NUT gene located on chromosome 15q14. In this report, we present the case of a 52‐year‐old female diagnosed with primary parotid NUT carcinoma. Despite undergoing surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy, and incomplete regional radiotherapy, the patient succumbed to the disease after an overall survival duration of 7 months. We retrospectively discuss patient clinical and pathological features, as well as therapeutic approaches of NUT carcinoma of the head and neck.
Microglial Drivers of Alzheimer's Disease Pathology: An Evolution of Diverse Participating States
Authors: Kuhn Madison K. , Proctor Elizabeth A. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTMicroglia, the resident immune‐competent cells of the brain, become dysfunctional in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and their aberrant immune responses contribute to the accumulation of pathological proteins and neuronal injury. Genetic studies implicate microglia in the development of AD, prompting interest in developing immunomodulatory therapies to prevent or ameliorate disease. However, microglia take on diverse functional states in disease, playing both protective and detrimental roles in AD, which largely overlap and may shift over the disease course, complicating the identification of effective therapeutic targets. Extensive evidence gathered using transgenic mouse models supports an active role of microglia in pathology progression, though results vary and can be contradictory between different types of models and the degree of pathology at the time of study. Here, we review microglial immune signaling and responses that contribute to the accumulation and spread of pathological proteins or directly affect neuronal health. We additionally explore the use of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)‐derived models to study living human microglia and how they have contributed to our knowledge of AD and may begin to fill in the gaps left by mouse models. Ultimately, mouse and iPSC‐derived models have their own limitations, and a comprehensive understanding of microglial dysfunction in AD will only be established by an integrated view across models and an appreciation for their complementary viewpoints and limitations.
Unconventional Photon Blockade in a Hybrid Optomechanical System with an Embedded Spin‐Triplet
Authors: Dong Yao , Wang Jing‐jing , Zhang Guo‐Feng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis research investigates the unconventional photon blockade in a hybrid optomechanical system with an embedded spin‐triplet state. The self‐homodyning interference between squeezed quantum fluctuations produced by the emitter and the coherent fraction from the driving laser results in two‐photon suppression. Analytical solutions of the correlator equation and numerical simulations of the master equation reveal that modulated mechanical dissipation plays a crucial role in achieving strong single‐photon blockade. In contrast to conventional cavity optomechanical systems, a second‐order correlation function of can be achieved with weak single‐photon optomechanical coupling. By combining unconventional and conventional antibunching, the hybrid system achieves the convergence of maximal photon population, two‐photon interference, and suppression of higher‐order correlations. Additionally, the influence of the thermal noise on photon blockade is investigated, demonstrating greater robustness of the second‐order correlation under weaker phonon‐spin coupling.
Development of an AI‐based support system for controlled ovarian stimulation
Authors: Asada Yoshimasa , Shinohara Tomoya , Yonezawa Sho , Kinugawa Tomoki , Asano Emiko , Kojima Masae , Fukunaga Noritaka , Hashizume Natsuka , Hashiba Yoshiki , Inoue Daichi , Mizuno Rie , Saito Masaya , Kabeya Yoshinori 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeControlled ovarian stimulation (COS) is vital for IVF. We have developed an AI system to support the implementation of COS protocols in our clinical group.MethodsWe developed two models as AI algorithms of the AI system. One was the oocyte retrieval decision model, to determine the timing of oocyte retrieval, and the other was the prescription inference model, to provide a prescription similar to that of an expert physician. Data was obtained from IVF treatment records from the In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) management system at the Asada Ladies Clinic, and these models were trained with this data.ResultsThe oocyte retrieval decision model achieved superior sensitivity and specificity with 0.964 area under the curve (AUC). The prescription inference model achieved an AUC value of 0.948. Four models, namely the hCG prediction model, the hMG prediction model, the Cetrorelix prediction model, and the Estradiol prediction model included in the prescription inference model, achieved AUC values of 0.914, 0.937, 0.966, and 0.976, respectively.ConclusionThe AI algorithm achieved high accuracy and was confirmed to be useful. The AI system has now been implemented as a COS tool in our clinical group for self‐funded treatments.