bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental evaluation of optimum process parameters for spinning of metals
Authors: Feyzioglu Ahmet 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
During the shear forming process, precision, repeatability and reproducibility are significant factors to be considered while rotating the workpiece to shape it in the form of the mandrel. Final thickness of the material is dependent on the initial thickness and mandrel angle. The projected area of the final product is nearly equal to the area of the initial workpiece. On the other hand, high feed ratios may lead to cracking and low feed ratios reduce the workability and thickness of the material by causing overexpansion of the material in the radial direction. As the spinning ratio increases, the process becomes difficult. If the process is not carried out cautiously, some defects, such as wrinkling, tearing or cracking, may occur in the spun part. These are caused by applying unacceptable feeds and rpms to the material and diameter. Problems such as wrinkling, tearing or cracking can be addressed by applying the optimum rpm and velocity values with respect to the material being worked on. Several methods have been used to predict the behavior of the material during spinning. For example, during shear spinning, the surface roughness and required force can be determined by regression analysis. In this study, the correlation among optimum rpm, velocity, mandrel angle, and the initial and final thicknesses of metals during shear formation was evaluated.
Optimization of welding parameters for DP600/TRIP800 dissimilar joints
Authors: Marwan Khaled Omer H. , Kaçar Ramazan 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The widespread application of resistance spot welding in automotive body assemblies has made it mandatory for automotive manufacturers to examine the quality of the welding. A variety of destructive and nondestructive tests are applied and the weld nugget size is examined for inspection for weld quality. Because of the wide variety of welding parameters used in the spot welding, a welding diagram which gives the optimum weldability range for the welded material is required and extensively used. Due to the different chemical, physical and mechanical properties of different materials in dissimilar joints, it is difficult to evaluate the quality of the weld. In this study, the DP600/TRIP800 dissimilar steel couple was joined using resistance spot welding by combining various welding parameters including welding current, welding time and electrode force. The tensile shear test was applied for determining relationship between welding parameters and mechanical properties of weldment. For quality inspection, the weld nugget size and microstructure of welded sample was examined metallographically and the welding diagram dedicated to the optimum weldability range was also developed for dissimilar joints.
Effect of seawater on pin-loaded laminated composites
Authors: Karakuzu Ramazan , Kanlıoğlu Halit , Deniz Mehmet Emin 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of seawater on bearing strength of glass-epoxy laminated composites. The ratio of the edge distance to pin diameter (E/D) was changed from 1 to 5 and that of the specimen width to pin diameter (W/D) was selected as 3 and 4 for this study. The hole of the specimen was subjected to a traction force induced by a pin. Laminated composite plates were manufactured at the Company Izoreel Composites. Tension tests were performed on pinned joint specimens with a stacking sequence of [0/90]3S. The specimens were immersed in seawater of the Aegean Sea having a salinity of about 3.5 wt.-% in a glass aquarium at laboratory for 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. For each period of immersion time, failure modes and maximum failure loads of the specimens were found experimentally. The maximum reduction of the bearing strength was obtained as 38% for E/D = 3 and W/D = 3 due to the seawater effect.
Prospective, randomized, blinded, and placebo-controlled study of Cerebrolysin dose-response effects on long-term functional outcomes in a rat model of mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Zhang Yanlu , Chopp Michael , Gang Zhang Zheng , Zhang Yi , Zhang Li , Lu Mei , Zhang Talan , Winter Stefan , Brandstätter Hemma , Mahmood Asim , Xiong Ye 
Published: January 2018

OBJECTIVECerebrolysin is a neuropeptide preparation that mimics the properties of neurotrophic factors and has had beneficial effects in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, and traumatic brain injury (TBI). To further evaluate treatment schemes, the authors assessed the dose-response of Cerebrolysin on functional improvement in a rat model of mild TBI (mTBI).METHODSThis dose-response study was a prospective, randomized, blinded, and placebo-controlled preclinical experiment. Male Wistar adult rats, subjected to mTBI induced by a closed head impact, were treated randomly with 0 (saline as placebo), 0.8, 2.5, or 7.5 ml/kg of Cerebrolysin 4 hours after mTBI and daily for a total of 10 consecutive days. A battery of cognitive and sensorimotor functional tests was performed over 90 days.RESULTSThe primary outcome was functional improvement over the 90 days; animal weight and death were the secondary and safety outcomes, respectively. A significant (p < 0.001) dose effect of Cerebrolysin on cognitive recovery 3 months after injury was found. Cerebrolysin at a dose of ≥ 0.8 ml/kg significantly (p < 0.001) improved cognitive outcome. The higher dose (7.5 ml/kg) resulted in significantly better cognitive recovery than the lowest doses (0.8 ml/kg) but not relative to the 2.5-ml/kg dose. Cerebrolysin at a dose of 2.5 or 7.5 ml/kg also caused different onset times of significant improvement in sensorimotor function. No differences in body weight or mortality rate among the groups were found.CONCLUSIONSThis preclinical randomized, placebo-controlled, and blinded study with a clinically relevant treatment scheme revealed that Cerebrolysin at doses of 0.8–7.5 ml/kg, administered 4 hours after mTBI and then once daily for a total of 10 consecutive days, improved functional outcomes 3 months after injury. A dose of 2.5 ml/kg is likely an optimal dose for the treatment of experimental mTBI.
Predictive value of positive high-sensitivity troponin T in intubated traumatic brain injury patients
Authors: El-Menyar Ayman , Asim Mohammad , Latifi Rifat , Bangdiwala Shrikant I. , Al-Thani Hassan 
Published: January 2018

OBJECTIVEThe clinical relevance of high-sensitivity troponin T (HsTnT) in trauma patients is not well explored. In this study, the authors aimed to study the predictive value of serum HsTnT in intubated patients who had sustained traumatic brain injury (TBI).METHODSA retrospective analysis was conducted for all intubated TBI patients between 2010 and 2014 at a national level 1 trauma center. Data were analyzed and compared based on the HsTnT status on admission (group 1, negative results; and group 2, positive results). Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine sensitivity, specificity, and cutoff level of HsTnT to predict mortality. Time to earlier discharge from hospital or death was modeled using Cox proportional hazard models to describe the relationship between HsTnT and in-hospital mortality.RESULTSOf the 826 intubated TBI patients, 490 underwent HsTnT testing; 65.7% had positive HsTnT results. Patients in group 2 had a higher Injury Severity Score (p = 0.001) and head Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score (p = 0.004) than those in group 1. In addition, group 2 patients were more likely to have lower Glasgow Coma Scale scores (p = 0.001) and more likely to experience intraventricular hemorrhage, brain edema, pneumonia, and sepsis (p = 0.001). HsTnT values positively correlated with head AIS score (r = 0.19, p = 0.001) and varied by the type of lesion and time to death. Ventilator days and length of hospital stay were more prolonged in group 2 patients (p = 0.001). Area under the curve (AUC) analysis showed that HsTnT ≥ 26.5 ng/L predicted all-cause mortality (AUC 0.75, 95% CI 0.699–0.801) with 80% sensitivity. Positive HsTnT was an independent predictor of mortality in multivariate models (adjusted OR 3.10, 95% CI 1.308–7.351) even after excluding chest injury (adjusted OR 4.18, 95% CI 1.320–13.231).CONCLUSIONSPositive HsTnT results are associated with poor outcomes in intubated patients with TBI. In this subset of patients, measuring serum HsTnT on admission is a useful tool for early risk stratification and expedited care; however, further prospective studies are warranted.
What are “X-shaped” Radio Sources Telling Us? I. Very Large Array Imaging of a Large Sample of Candidate XRGs
Authors: Roberts David H. , Saripalli Lakshmi , Wang Kevin X. , Rao Mayuri Sathyanarayana , Subrahmanyan Ravi , KleinStern Carly C. , Morii-Sciolla Christopher Y. , Simpson Liana 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We present archival and Jansky Very Large Array multi-frequency multi-array radio continuum imaging of a unique sample of 100 radio sources that have been selected to be candidate “X-shaped” radio galaxies (XRGs). The archival data were calibrated in AIPS and imaged using DIFMAP, while the new Very Large Array data were calibrated and imaged in CASA. No attempt was made to re-image the archival data in CASA. Altogether we present images of 95 of the 100 sources. These observations give us the opportunity to study radio sources with synchrotron plasma that is significantly offset from the main radio axis and therefore to open a window into investigations of physical mechanisms responsible for depositing the plasma in off-axis regions. Here, we present the technical details of the observations and all of the total intensity images, while in subsequent papers we use them to examine critically various models for the formation of XRGs. Spectral index and linear polarization information is also presented and analyzed in further papers in this series.
Origin of the High-energy Neutrino Flux at IceCube
Authors: Carceller J. M. , Illana J. I. , Masip M. , Meloni D. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We discuss the spectrum of the different components in the astrophysical neutrino flux reaching the Earth, and the possible contribution of each component to the high-energy IceCube data. We show that the diffuse flux from cosmic ray (CR) interactions with gas in our galaxy implies just two events among the 54-event sample. We argue that the neutrino flux from CR interactions in the intergalactic (intracluster) space depends critically on the transport parameter δ describing the energy dependence in the diffusion coefficient of galactic CRs. Our analysis motivates a

neutrino spectrum with a drop at PeV energies that fits the data well, including the non-observation of the Glashow resonance at 6.3 PeV. We also show that a CR flux described by an unbroken power law may produce a neutrino flux with interesting spectral features (bumps and breaks) related to changes in the CR composition.
An Automated Algorithm for Identifying and Tracking Transverse Waves in Solar Images
Authors: Weberg Micah J. , Morton Richard J. , McLaughlin James A. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Recent instrumentation has demonstrated that the solar atmosphere supports omnipresent transverse waves, which could play a key role in energizing the solar corona. Large-scale studies are required in order to build up an understanding of the general properties of these transverse waves. To help facilitate this, we present an automated algorithm for identifying and tracking features in solar images and extracting the wave properties of any observed transverse oscillations. We test and calibrate our algorithm using a set of synthetic data, which includes noise and rotational effects. The results indicate an accuracy of 1%–2% for displacement amplitudes and 4%–10% for wave periods and velocity amplitudes. We also apply the algorithm to data from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory and find good agreement with previous studies. Of note, we find that 35%–41% of the observed plumes exhibit multiple wave signatures, which indicates either the superposition of waves or multiple independent wave packets observed at different times within a single structure. The automated methods described in this paper represent a significant improvement on the speed and quality of direct measurements of transverse waves within the solar atmosphere. This algorithm unlocks a wide range of statistical studies that were previously impractical.
The Influence of Metallicity on Stellar Differential Rotation and Magnetic Activity
Authors: Karoff Christoffer , Metcalfe Travis S. , Santos Ângela R. G. , Montet Benjamin T. , Isaacson Howard , Witzke Veronika , Shapiro Alexander I. , Mathur Savita , Davies Guy R. , Lund Mikkel N. , Garcia Rafael A. , Brun Allan S. , Salabert David , Avelino Pedro P. , Saders Jennifer van , Egeland Ricky , Cunha Margarida S. , Campante Tiago L. , Chaplin William J. , Krivova Natalie , Solanki Sami K. , Stritzinger Maximilian , Knudsen Mads F. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Observations of Sun-like stars over the past half-century have improved our understanding of how magnetic dynamos, like that responsible for the 11 yr solar cycle, change with rotation, mass, and age. Here we show for the first time how metallicity can affect a stellar dynamo. Using the most complete set of observations of a stellar cycle ever obtained for a Sun-like star, we show how the solar analog HD 173701 exhibits solar-like differential rotation and a 7.4 yr activity cycle. While the duration of the cycle is comparable to that generated by the solar dynamo, the amplitude of the brightness variability is substantially stronger. The only significant difference between HD 173701 and the Sun is its metallicity, which is twice the solar value. Therefore, this provides a unique opportunity to study the effect of the higher metallicity on the dynamo acting in this star and to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the physical mechanisms responsible for the observed photometric variability. The observations can be explained by the higher metallicity of the star, which is predicted to foster a deeper outer convection zone and a higher facular contrast, resulting in stronger variability.
Evidence for Eccentric, Precessing Gaseous Debris in the Circumstellar Absorption toward WD 1145 + 017
Authors: Cauley P. Wilson , Farihi Jay , Redfield Seth , Bachman Stephanie , Parsons Steven G. , Gänsicke Boris T. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We present time-series spectra revealing changes in the circumstellar line profiles for the white dwarf WD 1145 + 017. Over the course of 2.2 years, the spectra show complete velocity reversals in the circumstellar absorption, moving from strongly redshifted in 2015 April to strongly blueshifted in 2017 June. The depth of the absorption also varies, increasing by a factor of two over the same period. The dramatic changes in the line profiles are consistent with eccentric circumstellar gas rings undergoing general relativistic precession. As the argument of periapsis of the rings changes relative to the line of sight, the transiting gas shifts from receding in 2016 to approaching in 2017. Based on the precession timescales in the favored model, we make predictions for the line profiles over the next few years. Spectroscopic monitoring of WD 1145 + 017 will test these projections and aid in developing more accurate white dwarf accretion disk models.
Sofosbuvir-Ledipasvir with or without Ribavirin for Chronic Hepatitis C Genotype-1 and 6: Real-World Experience in Vietnam
Authors: Thuy Pham Thi Thu , Bunchorntavakul Chalermrat , Dat Ho Tan , Palecki Julia , Reddy K Rajender 
Published: January 2018

Background Therapy with sofosbuvir–ledipasvir (SOF–LDV) has been very effective in chronic HCV genotype-1 in clinical trials and several real-world cohorts. However, the safety and efficacy data of SOF–LDV for HCV genotype-6 is quite limited. Methods This open-label, clinical experience evaluated the safety and efficacy of SOF–LDV with or without ribavirin (RBV) for 12–24 weeks in patients with HCV genotype-1 ( n=356) and genotype-6 ( n=175) in Vietnam between September 2015 and May 2017. Results Among 539 patients evaluated for therapy, 531 patients completed treatment with either SOF–LDV for 12 weeks ( n=284); SOF–LDV + RBV for 12 weeks ( n=109); SOF–LDV for 24 weeks ( n=36); or SOF–LDV + RBV for 24 weeks ( n=102). 45% were male with a mean age of 56.3 (range 20–87) years. The mean HCV RNA was 4,370,000 IU/ml and 72.7% had high viral load of >800,000 IU/ml. 17.3% failed prior interferon-based therapy and 52.5% had advanced fibrosis (F3–4) as noted by transient elastography. The overall sustained virological response (SVR12) rate was 99.6% (529/531). Virological relapses occurred in two patients with genotype-1 in the SOF–LDV for 12 weeks and SOF–LDV + RBV for 24 weeks treatment groups. There was no significant difference in demographic data and treatment outcomes between patients with genotype-1 versus 6. Adverse events were mild with all SOF–LDV regimens, but appeared to be more common with 24-week treatment groups. Conclusions SOF–LDV with or without RBV was highly effective and safe in Vietnamese patients with HCV genotype-1 and 6.
Detectability of the impacts of ozone-depleting substances and greenhouse gases upon stratospheric ozone accounting for nonlinearities in historical forcings
Authors: Bandoro Justin , Solomon Susan , Santer Benjamin D. , Kinnison Douglas E. , Mills Michael J. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. We perform a formal attribution study of upper- and lower-stratospheric ozone
changes using observations together with simulations from the Whole
Atmosphere Community Climate Model. Historical model simulations were used to
estimate the zonal-mean response patterns (“fingerprints”) to combined
forcing by ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) and well-mixed greenhouse gases
(GHGs), as well as to the individual forcing by each factor. Trends in the
similarity between the searched-for fingerprints and homogenized observations
of stratospheric ozone were compared to trends in pattern similarity between
the fingerprints and the internally and naturally generated variability
inferred from long control runs. This yields estimated signal-to-noise
(S∕N) ratios for each of the three fingerprints (ODS, GHG, and
ODS + GHG). In both the upper stratosphere (defined in this paper as 1 to
10 hPa) and lower stratosphere (40 to 100 hPa), the spatial
fingerprints of the ODS + GHG and ODS-only patterns were consistently
detectable not only during the era of maximum ozone depletion but also
throughout the observational record (1984–2016). We also develop
a fingerprint attribution method to account for forcings whose time
evolutions are markedly nonlinear over the observational record. When the
nonlinearity of the time evolution of the ODS and ODS + GHG signals is
accounted for, we find that the S∕N ratios obtained with the stratospheric
ODS and ODS + GHG fingerprints are enhanced relative to standard linear
trend analysis. Use of the nonlinear signal detection method also reduces the
detection time – the estimate of the date at which ODS and GHG impacts on
ozone can be formally identified. Furthermore, by explicitly considering
nonlinear signal evolution, the complete observational record can be used in
the S∕N analysis, without applying piecewise linear regression and
introducing arbitrary break points. The GHG-driven fingerprint of ozone
changes was not statistically identifiable in either the upper- or
lower-stratospheric SWOOSH data, irrespective of the signal detection method
used. In the WACCM simulations of future climate change, the GHG signal is
statistically identifiable between 2020 and 2030. Our findings demonstrate
the importance of continued stratospheric ozone monitoring to improve
estimates of the contributions of ODS and GHG forcing to global changes in
stratospheric ozone.
Future snowfall in the Alps: projections based on the EURO-CORDEX regional climate models
Authors: Frei Prisco , Kotlarski Sven , Liniger Mark A. , Schär Christoph 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Twenty-first century snowfall changes over the European Alps are assessed based on high-resolution regional climate model (RCM) data made available through the EURO-CORDEX initiative. Fourteen different combinations of global and regional climate models with a target resolution of 12 km and two different emission scenarios are considered. As raw snowfall amounts are not provided by all RCMs, a newly developed method to separate snowfall from total precipitation based on near-surface temperature conditions and accounting for subgrid-scale topographic variability is employed. The evaluation of the simulated snowfall amounts against an observation-based reference indicates the ability of RCMs to capture the main characteristics of the snowfall seasonal cycle and its elevation dependency but also reveals considerable positive biases especially at high elevations. These biases can partly be removed by the application of a dedicated RCM bias adjustment that separately considers temperature and precipitation biases.Snowfall projections reveal a robust signal of decreasing snowfall amounts over most parts of the Alps for both emission scenarios. Domain and multi-model mean decreases in mean September–May snowfall by the end of the century amount to −25 and −45 % for representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively. Snowfall in low-lying areas in the Alpine forelands could be reduced by more than −80 %. These decreases are driven by the projected warming and are strongly connected to an important decrease in snowfall frequency and snowfall fraction and are also apparent for heavy snowfall events. In contrast, high-elevation regions could experience slight snowfall increases in midwinter for both emission scenarios despite the general decrease in the snowfall fraction. These increases in mean and heavy snowfall can be explained by a general increase in winter precipitation and by the fact that, with increasing temperatures, climatologically cold areas are shifted into a temperature interval which favours higher snowfall intensities. In general, percentage changes in snowfall indices are robust with respect to the RCM postprocessing strategy employed: similar results are obtained for raw, separated, and separated–bias-adjusted snowfall amounts. Absolute changes, however, can differ among these three methods.
Narrando la Dictadura a la Infancia. Imágenes que trafican significados
Authors: García-González Macarena 
Published: January 2018

Los medios para la infancia presentan un campo privilegiado para explorar la reproducción de consensos e imaginarios sociales. En este artículo, nos aproximamos a cuatro obras recomendadas por la crítica especializada: los libro-álbumes La composición, Camino a casa y Un diamante en el fondo de la tierra y el cortometraje “Bear Story”. Estos cuatro textos utilizan un interjuego de lo verbal y lo visual para hacer referencias a la violencia política en Latinoamérica. Asistidos por teorías sobre semiótica visual —y por la categoría de modalidad de la imagen introducida por Gunther Kress y Theo van Leeuwen— analizamos cómo estos textos narran la dictadura reproduciendo así los límites de una memoria colectiva sobre el pasado que elude la (memoria) de la violencia. El análisis ideológico de estos textos es complementado con algunas reflexiones elaboradas sobre respuestas lectoras de profesores de educación básica así como de niños y niñas obtenidas en talleres de lectura realizados en Santiago de Chile.