bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex Differences in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention—Insights From the Coronary Angiography and PCI Registry of the German Society of Cardiology
Authors: Heer Tobias , Hochadel Matthias , Schmidt Karin , Mehilli Julinda , Zahn Ralf , Kuck Karl‐Heinz , Hamm Christian , Böhm Michael , Ertl Georg , Hoffmeister Hans Martin , Sack Stefan , Senges Jochen , Massberg Steffen , Gitt Anselm K. , Zeymer Uwe 
Published: March 2017

Background
Several studies have suggested sex‐related differences in diagnostic and invasive therapeutic coronary procedures.

Methods and Results

Data from consecutive patients who were enrolled in the Coronary Angiography and
PCI
Registry of the German Society of Cardiology were analyzed. We aimed to compare sex‐related differences in in‐hospital outcomes of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (
PCI
) for stable coronary artery disease, non‐
ST
elevation acute coronary syndromes,
ST
elevation myocardial infarction, and cardiogenic shock. From 2007 until the end of 2009 data from 185 312
PCI
s were prospectively registered: 27.9% of the
PCI
s were performed in women. Primary
PCI
success rate was identical between the sexes (94%). There were no sex‐related differences in hospital mortality among patients undergoing
PCI
for stable coronary artery disease, non‐ST elevation acute coronary syndromes, or cardiogenic shock except among
ST
elevation myocardial infarction patients. Compared to men, women undergoing primary
PCI
for
ST
elevation myocardial infarction have a higher risk of in‐hospital death, age‐adjusted odds ratio (1.19, 95% CI 1.06‐1.33), and risk of ischemic cardiac and cerebrovascular events (death, myocardial infarction, transient ischemic attack/stroke), (age‐adjusted odds ratio 1.19, 95% CI 1.16‐1.29). Furthermore, access‐related complications were twice as high in women, irrespective of the indication.

Conclusions

Despite identical technical success rates of
PCI
between the 2 sexes, women with
PCI
for
ST
elevation myocardial infarction have a 20% higher age‐adjusted risk of death and of ischemic cardiac and cerebrovascular events. Further research is needed to determine the reasons for these differences.
Structural brain changes in schizophrenia at different stages of the illness: A selective review of longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging studies
Authors: Dietsche Bruno , Kircher Tilo , Falkenberg Irina 
Published: March 2017

Objective: Schizophrenia is a devastating mental disorder accompanied by aberrant structural brain connectivity. The question whether schizophrenia is a progressive brain disorder is yet to be resolved. Thus, it is not clear when these structural alterations occur and how they develop over time. Methods: In our selective review, we summarized recent findings from longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating structural brain alterations and its impact on clinical outcome at different stages of the illness: (1) subjects at ultra-high risk of developing psychosis, (2) patients with a first episode psychosis, and (3) chronically ill patients. Moreover, we reviewed studies examining the longitudinal effects of medication on brain structure in patients with schizophrenia. Results: (1) Studies from pre-clinical stages to conversion showed a more pronounced cortical gray matter loss (i.e. superior temporal and inferior frontal regions) in those individuals who later made transition to psychosis. (2) Studies investigating patients with a first episode psychosis revealed a decline in multiple gray matter regions (i.e. frontal regions and thalamus) over time as well as progressive cortical thinning in the superior and inferior frontal cortex. (3) Studies focusing on patients with chronic schizophrenia showed that gray matter decreased to a greater extent (i.e. frontal and temporal areas, thalamus, and cingulate cortices)—especially in poor-outcome patients. Very few studies reported effects on white matter microstructure in the longitudinal course of the illness. Conclusion: There is adequate evidence to suggest that schizophrenia is associated with progressive gray matter abnormalities particularly during the initial stages of illness. However, causal relationships between structural changes and illness course—especially in chronically ill patients—should be interpreted with caution. Findings might be confounded by longer periods of treatment and higher doses of antipsychotics or epiphenomena related to the illness.
Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of Clinical Features and Outcomes
Authors: Rayess Hani M. , Monk Ian , Svider Peter F. , Gupta Amar , Raza S. Naweed , Lin Ho‐Sheng 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveAlthough thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs) are relatively common, malignancies within these lesions are infrequent. As a result, there are no large‐scale series describing clinical characteristics. Our objectives were to perform a systematic review of the literature evaluating patient demographics, pathology, management, and prognosis of these patients.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, Cochrane reviews, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant articles. Articles meeting inclusion criteria were reviewed for data detailing epidemiology, treatment, and outcomes.Review MethodsInclusion criteria included English‐language articles with original reports on human subjects. Two investigators independently reviewed all articles for the data collected, including epidemiology, treatment, and outcomes.ResultsNinety‐eight articles comprising 164 patients were included in the final analysis. The mean age at presentation was 39.5 years (9‐83 years); 68.3% of patients were female. In total, 73.3% of cases were found on final pathologic analysis. The most common pathology was papillary cancer (92.1%). Of the patients, 98.9% underwent a Sistrunk procedure and 61.0% underwent total thyroidectomy. There was a 4.3% recurrence rate with a mean time to recurrence of 42.1 months from initial treatment. One patient died of TGDC carcinoma, while all other patients were disease free at the time of last follow‐up (mean follow‐up was 46.1 months).ConclusionTGDC carcinoma is typically diagnosed on final pathology. While management encompasses a Sistrunk procedure, further consideration should be given to thyroidectomy among patients ≥45 years of age and individuals with aggressive disease. TGDC carcinoma harbors an exceedingly low rate of mortality.
Factors Associated with Recurrence and Regional Adenopathy for Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Harris Brianna N. , Bayoumi Ahmed , Rao Shyam , Moore Michael G. , Farwell D. Gregory , Bewley Arnaud F. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveCutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. With advanced CSCC of the head and neck, there is conflicting evidence on what constitutes high‐risk disease. Our objective is to evaluate which factors are predictive of recurrence and nodal spread and survival.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingTertiary academic institution.Subjects and MethodsPatients with advanced head and neck CSCC treated with primary resection identified by chart review.ResultsA total of 212 patients met inclusion criteria, with a mean age of 70.4 years; 87.3% were men. Mean tumor diameter was 3.65 cm, with an average depth of invasion of 1.38 cm. The mean follow‐up time was 35 months (median, 21.5), and over that period 67 recurrences were recorded, 49 of which were local. The 5‐year Kaplan‐Meier estimate of disease‐free survival for the cohort was 53.2%. On Cox multivariate analysis, recurrent disease, perineural invasion (PNI), and poorly differentiated histology were independent predictors of recurrence. On multinomial logistic regression, patients with primary tumors on the ear, cheek, temple, or lip, as well as those with PNI, were more likely to present with nodal metastasis.ConclusionFor advanced CSCCs of the head and neck, patients with recurrent disease, PNI, and poorly differentiated tumors are at highest risk for local recurrence. Patients with tumors or the ear, cheek, temple, or lip, as well as those with PNI, are at increased risk of harboring nodal disease.
Plasmin and plasminogen induce macrophage reprogramming and regulate key steps of inflammation resolution via annexin A1
Authors: Sugimoto Michelle A. , Ribeiro Ana Luíza C. , Costa Bruno R. C. , Vago Juliana P. , Lima Kátia M. , Carneiro Fernanda S. , Ortiz Mylena Maira O. , Lima Graziele Letícia N. , Carmo Aline A. F. , Rocha Renata M. , Perez Denise A. , Reis Alessandra C. , Pinho Vanessa , Miles Lindsey A. , Garcia Cristiana C. , Teixeira Mauro M. , Sousa Lirlândia P. 
Published: March 2017

Key PointsPlg and Pla induce macrophage reprogramming and promote resolution of acute inflammation. Plg and Pla enhance the efferocytic capacity of macrophages and override the prosurvival effect of LPS on neutrophils via annexin A1.
Length of hospitalization is associated with selected biomarkers (albumin and lymphocytes) and with co-morbidities: study on 4000 patients
Authors: Pontiroli Antonio E. , Loreggian Lara , Rovati Marco P. L. , De Patto Elena , Folini Laura , Raveglia Federico , De Simone Matilde , Baisi Alessandro , Cioffi Ugo 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Background
Low albumin levels and low lymphocyte counts are intra hospital conditions that exert a negative influence on prognosis, healing and length of hospitalization. The study aimed to analyze the correlation between low blood levels of albumin, low lymphocytes, and length of stay. The secondary aim was to identify other co-morbidities associated with prolonged hospital stay.

Methods
Retrospective pilot study was conducted by analyzing anamnestic and biochemical data, related to 4038 patients admitted to ten wards of Hospital San Paolo (Milan), collected from July 1st 2012 to December 31st 2012. A statistical analysis was carried out using the Correlation method, Multivariate Analysis and Regression. Lymphocyte count and co-morbidities were evaluated in the whole cohort, albumin levels in 1437 patients.

Results
In the whole sample, low albumin levels and low lymphocyte counts were directly correlated to longer hospitalizations. The stratification of the results by department and diagnosis suggests that there is a higher correlation in certain subpopulations, and albumin shows a greater correlation with length of stay than lymphocytes. Also advanced age, high platelets, type of diagnosis, male gender and emergency admission led to longer hospitalizations.

Conclusions
A routine check of albumin, lymphocytes and a spectrum of significant variables can provide precious information which can eventually lead to a shorter hospital stay. Knowledge of the general health status of a patient and the possibility to estimate his/her length of hospital stay are essential information for Clinical Governance, and for the improvement of internal services of hospitals on a large scale.
Thyroid incidentalomas on 18FDG-PET/CT: A metabolico-pathological correlation
Authors: Hagenimana N. , Dallaire J. , Vallée É. , Belzile M. 
Published: March 2017

Background Thyroid incidentaloma is defined as an unsuspected thyroid lesion found on imaging study or while performing a surgery non-related to the thyroid gland. Most recent scientific literature tends to demonstrate a detection rate of 0.1–4.3% for incidental findings of thyroid focal uptake identified by 18F-fluorodeoxyglugose Positron Emission Tomography with computed tomography (18FDG-PET/CT) initially prescribed for nonthyroid disease. From 10.3 to 80.0% of patients who underwent further evaluation are diagnosed with malignant lesions. Our first objective is to determine the risk of malignancy confined in thyroid incidentalomas(IT) detected on 18FDG-PET/CT in patients treated in a tertiary care center (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke). Second, we want to identify a cut-off value for SUVmax in order to distinguish benign from malignant IT. Third, we look for predictive criterion that can be outlined to help in their management. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 40 914 charts of patients who had a 18FDG-PET/CT done in a tertiary center from 2004 to 2014. For each patient where a thyroid incidentaloma has been identified, Maximum Standardized Uptake Value (SUVmax), ultrasound report, cytology and histopathological results as well as oncologic outcomes were compiled and analyzed. Results In this study, the incidence for thyroid incidentaloma detected with 18FDG-PET/CT is 0.74%. The rate of malignancy present in IT is 8.2% based on histopathological results. Of the patients who underwent surgery, thyroid malignancy was identified in 54.3% of them. Cytoponction showed a strong correlation with final histopathological results ( p = 0.009). Conclusion Thyroid incidentalomas detected with 18FDG-PET/CT are relatively infrequent, but the potential risk of malignancy remains elevated. Fine needle aspiration biopsy is the investigation of choice to rule out a malignant incidentaloma when there is no other element in the clinical portrait to preclude such additional work up.
Dynamic X-ray diffraction imaging of the ferroelectric response in bismuth ferrite
Authors: Laanait Nouamane , Saenrang Wittawat , Zhou Hua , Eom Chang-Beom , Zhang Zhan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractX-ray diffraction imaging is rapidly emerging as a powerful technique by which one can capture the local structure of crystalline materials at the nano- and meso-scale. Here, we present investigations of the dynamic structure of epitaxial monodomain BiFeO3 thin-films using a novel full-field Bragg diffraction imaging modality. By taking advantage of the depth penetration of hard X-rays and their exquisite sensitivity to the atomic structure, we imaged in situ and in operando, the electric field-driven structural responses of buried BiFeO3 epitaxial thin-films in micro-capacitor devices, with sub-100 nm lateral resolution. These imaging investigations were carried out at acquisition frame rates that reached up to 20 Hz and data transfer rates of 40 MB/s, while accessing diffraction contrast that is sensitive to the entire three-dimensional unit cell configuration. We mined these large datasets for material responses by employing matrix decomposition techniques, such as independent component analysis. We found that this statistical approach allows the extraction of the salient physical properties of the ferroelectric response of the material, such as coercive fields and transient spatiotemporal modulations in their piezoelectric response, and also facilitates their decoupling from extrinsic sources that are instrument specific.
Initial results of CALGB 80803 (Alliance): A randomized phase II trial of PET scan-directed combined modality therapy for esophageal cancer.
Authors: Goodman Karyn A. , Niedzwiecki Donna , Hall Nathan , Bekaii-Saab Tanios S. , Ye Xing , Meyers Michael O. , Mitchell-Richards Kisha , Boffa Daniel J , Frankel Wendy L , Venook Alan P. , Hochster Howard S. , Crane Christopher H. , O'Reilly Eileen Mary , Ilson David H. 
Published: March 2017

1 Background: To determine whether changing chemotherapy (CT) during pre-op chemoradiation (CRT) based on response to induction CT by 18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose PET imaging can lead to improved pathologic complete response (pCR) in patients (pts) with resectable esophageal and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinomas. Methods: 257 eligible pts were enrolled, underwent baseline PET scan, and were randomized to one of 2 induction CT arms: Modified FOLFOX-6 (oxaliplatin, leucovorin, 5-FU), days 1, 15, 29 or Carboplatin/Paclitaxel (CP), days 1, 8, 22, 29. Repeat PET was performed days 36-42; change in max standardized uptake value (SUV) from baseline was assessed. PET non-responders (≤35% decrease in SUV – PET-NR) crossed over to alternative CT regimen during CRT (50.4Gy/28 fractions). PET responders (>35% decrease in SUV – PET-R) continued on same CT during CRT. Pts underwent surgery 6 wks post-CRT. Pts evaluable if had surgery, disease progression (PD), death due to disease, were unresectable or had adverse event (AE). Primary endpoint was pCR in PET-NR who crossed over to alternative CT (expected 5% under H0 to 20% under Ha). Results: Pre-audit PET response data after induction CT and pCR rates after CRT and surgery are shown in the table. For PET-NR who crossed over to alternative CT during CRT, pCR was 15.6%; 95% CI (0.08, 0.26). Conclusions: Efficacy criteria were met for an improvement in pCR rates among pts who were PET-NR after induction CT and received alternative CT during CRT for esophageal and GEJ adenoca. Pts receiving induction and concurrent CP had an unexpectedly low pCR. Support: U10CA180821, U10CA180882 Clinical trial information: NCT01333033. [Table: see text]
Updated results of a phase 1 study combining the matrix metalloproteinase 9 inhibitor GS-5745 and mFOLFOX6 in patients with advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer.
Authors: Shah Manish A. , Starodub Alexander , Berlin Jordan , Brachmann Carrie Baker , Huang Xi , Smith Victoria , Maltzman Julia D. , Wainberg Zev A. , Bendell Johanna C. 
Published: March 2017

108 Background: GS-5745 is a monoclonal antibody inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), an extracellular enzyme involved in matrix remodeling, tumor growth, and metastasis. We present updated data from a phase I study of patients (pts) with advanced gastric/gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GC) treated with GS-5745 and mFOLFOX6 (NCT01803282). Methods: Following a monotherapy dose finding stage, pts with Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic GC received mFOLFOX6 and GS-5745 (800 mg IV) every 2 weeks. Treatment continued until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or withdrawal of consent. Response was assessed every 8 weeks per RECIST version 1.1 criteria. Results: As of April 2016, 40 pts were enrolled in the expanded cohort (12 continue to receive GS-5745). The most frequently observed adverse events (AEs) of any grade include nausea (62.5%), fatigue (60%), diarrhea (45%), peripheral neuropathy (45%) and neutropenia (37.5%). Grade ≥ 3 AEs observed in ≥ 10% of pts include neutropenia (20%) and nausea and neutrophil count decreased (10% each). Among 29 treatment naïve pts, median progression free survival (PFS) is 12 (90% confidence interval (CI) 5.5-18) months (mos), median duration of response (DOR) 10.6 mos and objective response rate (ORR) of 55.2%. For all pts (n=40), PFS is 7.8 (90% CI 5-13.9) mos, median DOR 10.1 mos and ORR of 50%. Median baseline circulating MMP9 was 44.7 (range 16.8-1395.3) ng/mL and all 34 patients with post-baseline samples had undetectable MMP9 levels within 8 weeks. Conclusions: The combination of GS-5745 with mFOLFOX6 is well tolerated and demonstrates activity, particularly in treatment naïve pts. Reduction in circulating MMP9 level after treatment with GS-5745 suggests specific target engagement. A phase III registration study of mFOLFOX6 +/- GS-5745 in treatment naïve metastatic GC pts is underway. Clinical trial information: NCT01803282.
Potentially preventable readmissions after complex cancer surgery: Analysis of the national readmissions dataset.
Authors: Zafar Syed Nabeel , Shah Adil A , Raoof Mustafa , Wilson Lori L , Wasif Nabil 
Published: March 2017

109 Background: Hospital readmissions following surgery are a focus of quality improvement efforts nationwide. Although some reflect appropriate care, others are potentially preventable readmissions (PPRs). We aim to describe the burden, timing, and factors associated with PPRs after complex cancer surgery. Methods: The National Readmissions Dataset (2013) was used to select patients undergoing a complex oncologic resection (defined as esophagectomy/gastrectomy, hepatectomy, pancreatectomy, colorectal resection, lung resection, and cystectomy). All Readmissions occurring within 30 days from discharge were analyzed. Causes for readmissions were categorized in eleven diagnostic groups and tabulated. ICD-9 primary diagnosis codes were reviewed to identify PPRs. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify demographic, clinical and hospital factors associated with PPRs. Results: We analyzed 60,970 patients with 92,260 admissions. A 30 day readmission occurred in 14% of patients, and was highest following cystectomy (25%) and lowest for lung resections (9%). Of all readmissions 82% were deemed to be PPRs. Half of PPRs occurred within the first 10 days of discharge. Infections, gastrointestinal complications and respiratory conditions accounted for 59% of PPRs. Other common causes included dehydration/electrolyte deficiencies (11%), exacerbation of comorbidity (9.2%), bleeding (5%), thromboembolism (3.5%), and wound complications (3.2%). Factors associated with an increased likelihood of PPRs include Medicaid compared with private insurance (OR 1.24, 95%CI 0.8-1.7), higher comorbid conditions (OR 1.44, 95%CI 1.32, 1.59), and discharge to a facility (OR 1.9, 95%CI 1.7-2.1). Patients with a prolonged hospital stay or a major complication during the index admission had a 34% (OR 1.34, 95%CI 1.3-1.4), and 64% (OR 1.64, 95%CI 1.5-1.7) higher likelihood of a PPR respectively. Conclusions: Most 30 day readmissions after complex cancer surgery are potentially preventable and occur within 10 days of discharge. We identify common causes of readmission and high risk populations to help physicians, administrators and policy makers develop strategies to decrease PPRs.
Influence of tumor response and treatment schedule on the distribution of tumor recurrence in esophageal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.
Authors: Jipping Kristien M. , Hulshoff Jan-Binne , van Amerongen Evita A. , Bright Tim I. , Watson David I. , Plukker John Theodorus 
Published: March 2017

113 Background: Knowledge of pathologic complete tumor response (pCR) and the used neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) schedule on the distribution of recurrent disease is important in the treatment of esophageal cancer (EC) patients. We assessed the effect of both pCR and different nCRT schedules on the pattern of first tumor recurrences in EC. Methods: The study was performed in two different centers in patients with T1N+/T2-4aN0-3/M0 EC. Patients were treated with nCRT according to the CROSS (carboplatin/paclitaxel/41.4Gy : n=134) and Cis/5FU schedule (Cisplatin/5-fluorouracil/45-50.4Gy : n=88) followed by surgery. First we determined the effect of pCR on tumor recurrence distribution (local, distant or combined) and site-specific recurrences in the CROSS group. After propensity matching on clinical T-stage, clinical N-stage and histology (n=63), we determined the effect of both nCRT schedules on the distribution of tumor recurrence and site specific recurrences. Results: The median follow-up after pCR (n=24) was significant longer ( P=0.001) than in non-complete responders (pNCR); 45.5 (IQR 20.3-69.5) and 20.0 months (12.0-42.3), respectively. The pattern of recurrence also differed significantly ( P=0.001), with 0 (0.0%) and 7 (6.4%) locoregional, 5 (20.8%) and 36 (32.7%) distant, and 0 (0.0%) and 21 (19.1%) local and distant recurrence between the pCR and pNCR group, respectively. Patients with a pCR had significant less local and distant recurrences. With equal median time to recurrence, the distribution of metastases in the matched groups differed only in the numbers of lung metastases ( P=0.029), with 15 (23.8%) and 6 (9.5%), respectively. Conclusions: Patients with a pCR have less local and distant recurrences. With equal time to first recurrence, the nCRT schedule itself had only a minor influence on the distribution of recurrences.