bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcomes in ventilator-associated pneumonia patients with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Lu Caiden Taowei , Fang Tien-Pei , Hung Ming-Szu , Lin Yi-Tsung 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide. Critically ill patients with COPD exacerbations may require invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) commonly occurs in the intensive care unit (ICU) and is usually associated with high mortality. Current studies on the association between COPD and VAP are limited. This work compared the causes and clinical outcomes of VAP in patients with and without COPD in Taiwan.

Methods:
This retrospective observational study was conducted at the Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Patients diagnosed with VAP were enrolled between January 2015 and December 2019. The COPD diagnosis was based on postbronchodilator pulmonary function tests. We compared the bacterial cause, ICU and hospital stay length, IMV duration and mortality rates in patients with and without COPD.

Results:
A total of 175 patients with VAP were enrolled, 44% of whom presented had preexisting COPD. The disease severity on the day of admission was similar in both groups. Microorganisms were identified in 83 (47%) patients, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp., and Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most common pathogens. The proportion of multidrug resistant isolates showed no significant differences between groups. Most patients underwent antibiotic treatment before VAP onset. The length of ICU and hospital stays and IMV duration after VAP onset were similar between the two groups, as well as ICU mortality, in-hospital mortality, and 14-day mortality.

Conclusion:
Our study revealed that COPD was not associated with worse clinical outcomes in patients with VAP. No significant differences in bacterial cause were observed between the two groups.
Mapping the evolution of 3D printing in cardio-thoracic diseases: a global bibliometric analysis
Authors: Tian Jie , Dong Ying-Xian , Wang Li , Wu Yong-Ming , Zhao Zi-Yi , Che Guo-Wei 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Despite the growing research on 3D printing (3DP) in cardio-thoracic diseases, comprehensive bibliometric analyses remain scarce. This study aims to bridge this gap by identifying key research trends and hotspots within the field.

Methods:
A bibliometric analysis was conducted on publications from 1991 to 2024 using data from the Web of Science Core Collection, with analysis performed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package ‘bibliometrix’.

Results:
The analysis included 2836 documents authored by 14 206 researchers across 85 countries. A significant rise in annual publications was observed, with the United States, China, and the United Kingdom leading in contributions. Prominent institutions, including Stanford University, were highlighted, while Scientific Reports and Biomaterials were identified as influential journals. Key research areas encompass cardiovascular, lung, and breast diseases, along with chest wall reconstructions, with emerging trends focusing on advanced materials for drug delivery and tissue engineering.

Conclusion:
This comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 3DP in cardio-thoracic diseases reveals global research trends, emerging themes, and the crucial role of 3DP in advancing medical education and personalized treatment, highlighting areas for future research and development.
Elastography-based AI model can predict axillary status after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer with nodal involvement: a prospective, multicenter, diagnostic study
Authors: Huang Jia-Xin , Lu Yao , Tan Yu-Ting , Liu Feng-Tao , Li Yi-Liang , Wang Xue-Yan , Huang Jia-Hui , Lin Shi-Yang , Huang Gui-Ling , Zhang Yu-Ting , Pei Xiao-Qing 
Published: October 2024

Objective:
To develop a model for accurate prediction of axillary lymph node (LN) status after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients with nodal involvement.

Methods:
Between October 2018 and February 2024, 671 breast cancer patients with biopsy-proven LN metastasis who received NAC followed by axillary LN dissection were enrolled in this prospective, multicenter study. Preoperative ultrasound (US) images, including B-mode ultrasound (BUS) and shear wave elastography (SWE), were obtained. The included patients were randomly divided at a ratio of 8:2 into a training set and an independent test set, with five-fold cross-validation applied to the training set. The authors first identified clinicopathological characteristics and conventional US features significantly associated with the axillary LN response and developed corresponding prediction models. The authors then constructed deep learning radiomics (DLR) models based on BUS and SWE data. Models performances were compared, and a combination model was developed using significant clinicopathological data and interpreted US features with the SWE-based DLR model. Discrimination, calibration and clinical utility of this model were analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve, respectively.

Results:
Axillary pathologic complete response (pCR) was achieved in 52.41% of patients. In the test cohort, the clinicopathologic model had an accuracy of 71.30%, while radiologists’ diagnoses ranged from 64.26 to 71.11%, indicating limited to moderate predictive ability for the axillary response to NAC. The SWE-based DLR model, with an accuracy of 80.81%, significantly outperformed the BUS-based DLR model, which scored 59.57%. The combination DLR model boasted an accuracy of 88.70% and a false-negative rate of 8.82%. It demonstrated strong discriminatory ability (AUC, 0.95), precise calibration (P-value obtained by Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, 0.68), and practical clinical utility (probability threshold, 2.5–97.5%).

Conclusions:
The combination SWE-based DLR model can predict the axillary status after NAC in patients with node-positive breast cancer, and thus, may inform clinical decision-making to help avoid unnecessary axillary LN dissection.
The role of radical cystectomy and lymphadenectomy in the management of bladder cancer with clinically positive lymph node involvement
Authors: Pfail John , Lichtbroun Benjamin , Golombos David M. , Jang Thomas L. , Packiam Vignesh T. , Ghodoussipour Saum 
Published: October 2024

Purpose of review
The role of radical cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) with clinically positive lymph nodes is debated. This review examines the role of surgery in treating patients with clinical N1 and more advanced nodal involvement (N2–N3) within a multimodal treatment approach.

Recent findings
For clinical N1 disease, guidelines typically recommend neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery. However, for N2–N3 disease, guidelines vary. Advances in diagnostics, systemic therapies, and surgical recovery have improved the prognosis for these patients. Research is increasingly identifying MIBC patients, including those with positive nodes, who may achieve complete pathologic response and long-term survival, supporting the role of surgery even in advanced nodal stages.

Summary
Managing MIBC with clinically positive lymph nodes, especially in N2–N3 disease, requires a tailored approach. While neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy is standard for N1 disease, the role of surgery in advanced nodal stages is growing because of better patient selection and treatment strategies. Emerging evidence suggests that consolidative surgery may improve outcomes in these complex cases.
Care Coordination in Primary Care
Authors: Whitebird Robin R. , Beran Mary Sue , Solberg Leif I. , JaKa Meghan M. , Kindt Joan M. , Bergdall Anna R. , Dehmer Steven P. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Care coordination is an important strategy for addressing patient needs and improving outcomes of care.

Purpose:
The Minnesota Care Coordination Effectiveness Study sought to better understand the perspectives and experiences of clinicians/clinic leaders regarding the value, barriers, and facilitators for care coordination in primary care.

Methods:
We conducted semi-structured interviews with 18 clinic managers, physicians, and advanced practice clinicians. Data were analyzed using a directed content analysis approach.

Results:
Five themes arose in the interviews: financial issues were perceived as a primary barrier to care coordination; participants valued care coordination as an important asset; they employed significant variation in how care coordination was structured; they identified both medical and social needs of patients as important; and care coordinators’ background, experience, and integration were viewed as critical to program success.

Conclusions:
Care coordination received strong support from clinicians and clinic leaders who viewed it as a valuable component of successful care delivery.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of PTSD, Depression, and Grief Among Survivors of 2023 Türkiye Earthquake
Authors: Ulusoy Sevinc , Celik Zulal , Guleryuz Aleyna , Esgibag Havva Ceren , Yavuz Kaasim Fatih 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and complicated grief among 529 adults residing in a container city, 4 months after the 2023 earthquakes in Türkiye. Participants were assessed using the PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, the Hamilton Depression Scale, and the Inventory of Complicated Grief. The prevalence rates of probable PTSD, depression, and complicated grief were 21.4%, 15.9%, and 64.7%, respectively. Logistic regression analyses indicated that PTSD was significantly associated with the loss of a loved one, fear of future earthquakes, and decreased perceived life control. Similarly, depression was associated with being trapped under debris, experiencing fear during the earthquake, and reduced perceived life control. These findings suggest that individuals presenting these risk factors warrant closer follow-up for potential psychological issues. Additionally, the impact of fear related to the earthquake and the role of perceived life control emerge as crucial considerations for psychological interventions.
Feasibility and Acceptability of a REDCap-Embedded HIPAA-Compliant Text Messaging Application to Track Medication Adherence in Adolescents With Lupus
Authors: Harry Onengiya , Richard Brittany , Taxter Alysha , Skelton Joseph 
Published: October 2024

Background/Objective
Despite advances in clinical care and treatment options, adolescents with lupus continue to experience adverse health outcomes. Poor adherence to medication regimens is a major contributor to these negative outcomes. The utility of short message service (SMS) in tracking barriers to adherence prospectively remains untested for adolescents with lupus. Our objectives were (1) feasibility of incorporating a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)–compliant SMS text messaging application into REDCap and (2) acceptability of using SMS text messaging to track barriers to medication adherence in adolescents with lupus

Methods
This study is a 12-week pilot cohort study of adolescents with SLE per the 1997 revised American College of Rheumatology. A REDCap-embedded HIPAA-compliant text messaging application was used to send biweekly messages with survey link to track medication adherence. Measures were completed. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize demographics, medical, and acceptability data. Response to text messages and survey completion rates were reported as a measure of feasibility.

Results
Most eligible adolescents approached agreed to participate (n = 17, 71% enrollment rate). The cellphone ownership rate among adolescents eligible for participation was 92%. Nine subjects responded to all text messages sent (53% response and completion rate). Eleven subjects (65%) responded to two thirds of the text messages. Overall, 77% of enrolled subjects completed at least half of the surveys sent. Reminders to complete surveys were sent to 30% of enrolled adolescents.

Conclusions
This study shows that embedding a HIPAA-compliant SMS text message application in REDCap is feasible and can be used to engage adolescents with chronic conditions in monitoring between clinic visits.
Wong-Type Dermatomyositis
Authors: Wanzenberg Anna , Sami Naveed 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Wong-type dermatomyositis (WTDM) was first formally discussed in the literature in 1969 by Dr. K.O. Wong. This rare variant of dermatomyositis (DM) is characterized by overlapping features of both classic DM and the cutaneous features of pityriasis rubra pilaris. Since 1969, few cases of WTDM have been published in the literature likely due to the rarity of this condition or lack of recognition by clinicians. This narrative review presents the current published English literature on WTDM, analyzing its clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, and treatments along with a comparison to classic DM. Given the overlap of features of both diseases and patients experiencing a better response to classic DM treatments, our results suggest that WTDM is a rare subtype of DM rather than simply an overlap of pityriasis rubra pilaris and DM presenting in 1 patient. We suggest that clinicians evaluate WTDM patients with very thorough histories, physical examinations, histopathology, and appropriate serological studies and monitor closely for systemic symptoms and development of malignancy. WTDM should be treated using conventional treatments for classical DM. Further studies are needed to understand the pathogenesis of WTDM including more specific and distinguishing autoantibody profiles from classical DM, as well as long-term clinical course of WTDM for best management, including recently available biological treatments.
“Mortise and Tenon Joint” Technique to Improve the Stability of Three-Dimensional Costal Cartilage Framework in Fully Expansion Ear Reconstruction
Authors: Yang Meirong , Pan Bo , Yu Xiaobo 
Published: October 2024

Objective:
For full expansion of ear reconstruction, the stability of a cartilage framework is very important. However, most techniques for framework fabrication focus on three-dimensional structure and adequate projection. Few studies are available on improving the stability of the reconstructed framework. This study introduces a new “mortise and tenon joint” technique to create a more stable framework in fully expansion ear reconstruction.

Methods:
A total of 137 patients with microtia underwent full expansion ear reconstruction with the “mortise and tenon joint” technique from January 2018 to July 2022.

Results:
Hematoma was found in 2 patients after the expander was implanted and evacuated timely to save the flap. Ear cartilage framework exposure occurred in 3 patients after the second stage of surgery. The wounds were debridement and covered by a retroauricular fascia flap with a skin graft. No other complications, such as infection, expander exposure, or rupture, were observed. All patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months after ear reconstruction and asked to fill in a form anonymously about their satisfaction with the reconstructed ear. One hundred thirty-four patients (97.8%) were satisfied with the results.

Conclusions:
In fully expansion ear reconstruction, the “mortise and tenon joint” technique improves not only the stability of the cartilage framework but also the stereoperception of the reconstructed ear. Most patients who underwent the new technique were satisfied with clear contour and delicate substructures of the reconstructed ear, matched skin color, and long-term dimensional stability.
Inflammatory Gene Expression in Livers Undergoing Ex Situ Normothermic Perfusion Is Attenuated by Leukocyte Removal From the Perfusate
Authors: Bahadori Kasra , Lee Colin Y.C. , Ferdinand John R. , Cabantous Mia , Butler Andrew J. , Rouhani Foad J. , Watson Christopher J.E. , Clatworthy Menna R. 
Published: October 2024

Background.
Ex situ normothermic perfusion (ESNP) is a method to evaluate and potentially recondition organs before transplantation. However, increased expression of inflammatory molecules, including by tissue-resident immune cells, may occur during the perfusion process, potentially negating the beneficial effects of perfusion.

Methods.
We used RNA sequencing to assess gene expression in 31 livers undergoing ESNP, including 23 donated after circulatory death (DCD) and 8 donated after brain death. In 7 DCD livers, a leucocyte filter was added to the circuit during perfusion. Biopsies were available for transcriptomic assessment in all cases at the start of perfusion and at varying time points postperfusion.

Results.
During ESNP in DCD livers, we observed an increase in proinflammatory, profibrinolytic, and prorepair pathway genes. SERPINE1, encoding plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, was among the genes most significantly upregulated during perfusion in DCD livers, potentially promoting fibrin clot persistence in vasculature. We also found increased expression of monocyte and neutrophil recruiting chemokine and proinflammatory cytokine transcripts during ESNP, but several prorepair molecules, including thymic stromal lymphopoietin, were also upregulated. In both DCD and donation after brain death livers, interferon-gamma response genes were enriched, whereas oxidative phosphorylation genes decreased in organs with high perfusate alanine transaminase, a biomarker associated with adverse clinical outcomes. The inclusion of a leukocyte filter in the perfusion circuit mitigated the induction of inflammation/immune pathway genes during perfusion and was associated with enrichment in oxidative phosphorylation genes.

Conclusions.
Leukocyte removal during ESNP abrogates transcriptional changes that are associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes, potentially benefiting human livers undergoing ESNP.
Social media addiction, personality traits, and disorders: an overview of recent literature
Authors: Ahmed Eiman , Ahmed Saad 
Published: October 2024

Purpose of review
The rapid proliferation of social media has raised concerns regarding the maladaptive use of these platforms. Individuals exhibiting specific personality traits and disorders may be particularly vulnerable to the adverse outcomes associated with social media addiction. Despite the increasing research attention this topic has received, the relationship between personality traits, personality disorders, and addiction to social media remains fragmented and unclear.

Recent findings
Research has primarily investigated the association between Big Five and Dark Triad model personality traits and social media addiction. Findings indicate that while most of the traits within the Big Five model vary in terms of significance, personality disorders and traits within the Dark Triad, which are generally associated with maladaptive thoughts and behaviors, are positively related to addictive social media use.

Summary
Personality traits and disorders play a vital role in individuals’ behavior. Research shows discrepancies in the relationship between certain traits in the Big Five model and social media addiction, warranting further investigation. At the same time, research also underscores the role of social media in potentially exacerbating conditions for those with personality disorders.
When Attention Hurts: The Effect Of rTMS On Neural Correlates Of Time Perception
Authors: Contò Federica , Ellena Giulia , Tosi Michele , Peatfield Nicholas A. , Battelli Lorella 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe parietal lobe plays a crucial role in the attentional networks that help shape our perception, including our perception of time. Based on neuropsychological and neurophysiological evidence, a “when” pathway including the right parietal lobe has been proposed as the critical cortical site for the discrimination of objects across time. When an oddball stimulus is presented in a stream of identical standard stimuli, it is perceived as lasting longer, even when its actual duration is shorter. While attentional capture seems to play a major role in this subjective expansion of time the cortical mechanisms responsible for this effect remain unclear. We therefore set to investigate the direct role of parietal brain areas in time perception using combined repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and electroencephalogram (EEG). We measured the perceived duration of an oddball stimulus in each participant before and after inhibitory 1-Hz rTMS stimulation at one of three scalp locations: the right intraparietal sulcus (rIPS), the right inferior parietal lobe (rIPL), or the occipital cortex as a control. EEG was recorded throughout. Stimulation over the rIPL caused a more veridical experience of times subjective expansion towards the oddball, while rTMS over the rIPS and the occipital cortex had no effect. These data provide theoretically challenging notions to the concept of the cortexes role within time perception and the mechanisms involved.
Spontaneous emergence and drifting of sequential neural activity in recurrent networks
Authors: Shao Shuai , Riquelme Juan Luis , Gjorgjieva Julijana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRepeating sequences of neural activity exist across diverse brain regions of different animals and are thought to underlie diverse computations. However, their emergence and evolution in the presence of ongoing synaptic plasticity remain poorly understood. To gain mechanistic insights into this process, we modeled how biologically-inspired rules of activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in recurrent circuits interact to produce connectivity structures that support sequential neuronal activity. Even under unstructured inputs, our recurrent networks developed strong unidirectional connections, resulting in spontaneous repeating spiking sequences. During ongoing plasticity these sequences repeated despite turnover of individual synaptic connections, a process reminiscent of synaptic drift. The turnover process occurred over different timescales, with certain connectivity types and motif structures leading to sequences with different volatility. Structured inputs could reinforce or retrain the resulting connectivity structures underlying sequences, enabling stable but still flexible encoding of inputs. Our model unveils the interplay between synaptic plasticity and sequential activity in recurrent networks, providing insights into how brains implement reliable but flexible computations.
A rich conformational palette underlies human CaV2.1-channel availability
Authors: Wang Kaiqian , Nilsson Michelle , Angelini Marina , Olcese Riccardo , Elinder Fredrik , Pantazis Antonios 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDepolarization-evoked opening of CaV2.1 (P/Q-type) Ca2+-channels triggers neurotransmitter release, while voltage-dependent inactivation (VDI) limits channel availability to open, contributing to synaptic plasticity. The mechanism of CaV2.1 response to voltage is unclear. Using voltage-clamp fluorometry and kinetic modeling, we optically tracked and physically characterized the structural dynamics of the four CaV2.1 voltage-sensor domains (VSDs). VSD-I seems to directly drive opening and convert between two modes of function, associated with VDI. VSD-II is apparently voltage-insensitive. VSD-III and VSD-IV sense more negative voltages and undergo voltage-dependent conversion uncorrelated with VDI. Auxiliary β-subunits regulate VSD-I-to-pore coupling and VSD conversion kinetics. CaV2.1 VSDs are differentially sensitive to voltage changes brief and long-lived. Specifically the voltage-dependent conformational changes of VSD-I are linked to synaptic release and plasticity.