bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-time TIRF observation of vinculin recruitment to stretched α-catenin by AFM
Authors: Maki Koichiro , Han Sung-Woong , Hirano Yoshinori , Yonemura Shigenobu , Hakoshima Toshio , Adachi Taiji 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAdherens junctions (AJs) adaptively change their intensities in response to intercellular tension; therefore, they integrate tension generated by individual cells to drive multicellular dynamics, such as morphogenetic change in embryos. Under intercellular tension, α-catenin, which is a component protein of AJs, acts as a mechano-chemical transducer to recruit vinculin to promote actin remodeling. Although in vivo and in vitro studies have suggested that α-catenin-mediated mechanotransduction is a dynamic molecular process, which involves a conformational change of α-catenin under tension to expose a cryptic vinculin binding site, there are no suitable experimental methods to directly explore the process. Therefore, in this study, we developed a novel system by combining atomic force microscopy (AFM) and total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF). In this system, α-catenin molecules (residues 276–634; the mechano-sensitive M1-M3 domain), modified on coverslips, were stretched by AFM and their recruitment of Alexa-labeled full-length vinculin molecules, dissolved in solution, were observed simultaneously, in real time, using TIRF. We applied a physiologically possible range of tensions and extensions to α-catenin and directly observed its vinculin recruitment. Our new system could be used in the fields of mechanobiology and biophysics to explore functions of proteins under tension by coupling biomechanical and biochemical information.
The Contributions of Phonological Awareness, Alphabet Knowledge, and Letter Writing to Name Writing in Children With Specific Language Impairment and Typically Developing Children
Authors: Pavelko Stacey L. , Lieberman R. Jane , Schwartz Jamie , Hahs-Vaughn Debbie 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
Name writing is one aspect of emergent writing that has been used to understand emergent literacy development. Name-writing skills and the relationship of name writing to other emergent literacy skills have not been studied extensively in children with specific language impairment (SLI). Children with SLI consistently demonstrate delays in phonological awareness (PA), alphabet knowledge (AK), print awareness, and emergent writing. The purpose of this study was to examine the contributions of PA, AK, and letter writing to name writing in children with SLI and typically developing (TD) children.

Method
Participants were 65 children (22 SLI, 43 TD) with an average age of 53 months. Participants completed the Assessment of Literacy and Language (Lombardino, Lieberman, & Brown, 2005), a letter-writing task, and a name-writing task.

Results
Data were analyzed using correlation and mediation modeling. Mediation modeling, a more sophisticated analysis, revealed that PA, AK, and letter writing, in serial, were mediating variables for language status on name writing.

Conclusion
Phonemic awareness, AK, and letter writing help to explain the relationship between language status and name writing. These skills should be integrated during treatment, using a horizontal approach with developmentally appropriate activities, particularly for children with SLI.
Microwave frequency doubling by synchronising and polarisation multiplexing the optical signals from a dual‐output Mach–Zehnder modulator
Authors: Maafa M.R. , Pham S.K. , Ravichandran M. , Maywar D.N. 
Published: January 2018

A technique is experimentally demonstrated to double the frequency of a microwave signal by synchronising and polarisation multiplexing the optical signals from a dual‐output Mach–Zehnder modulator. The frequency‐doubled tone at 4 GHz is 41.2 dB stronger than the residual fundamental‐frequency tone. The strongest side tone is found at 12 GHz (sixth order) and is suppressed by 32.7 dB. The phase noise of the frequency‐doubled signal is −104.1 dBc/Hz at an offset of 10 kHz, an increase of 6.7 dB over that of the initial signal. This technique does not rely on electronic or optical filters or amplifiers and is demonstrated using commercial off‐the‐shelf components.
Maximum energy yield oriented turbine control in PMSG‐based wind farm
Authors: Tian Jie , Zhou Dao , Su Chi , Blaabjerg Frede , Chen Zhe 
Published: January 2018

In the modern power systems, with the fast integration of the wind power into the grid, it turns to develop large‐scale offshore wind farms equipped with the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) wind turbine. In large‐scale offshore wind farms, the wind turbine operating reliability and the wake effect in the wind farm became important issues. The pitch angle and tip speed ratio are the two degrees of freedom for the PMSG wind turbine active power control, which are also the determining factors of the wind turbine lifetime. As the energy production of the wind turbine is the product of its active power and lifetime, the energy production can be maximised by optimising its pitch angle and tip speed ratio. In this study, the energy production of a 2 MW PMSG wind turbine is maximised by optimising its pitch angle and tip speed ratio. Moreover, taking into account the wake effect, the energy production of a wind farm equipped with two 2 MW PMSG wind turbines is maximised by optimising the pitch angle and tip speed ratio of each wind turbine.
Nano3YSZ electrophoretic deposition from acetylacetone + ethanol solvent on the surface of AZ91 magnesium alloy
Authors: Behrangi Sahand , Aghajani Hossein 
Published: January 2018

In the present work, the conditions for electrophoretic deposition of yttria‐stabilised zirconia (YSZ) nanopowder have been investigated. For this purpose, the mixture of acetyl acetone and ethanol with different mixing ratios was used as solvent with iodine as a dispersant. To achieve a smooth, homogeneous and crack‐free coatings, the following parameters were chosen to be optimised: the mixing ratio of acetyl acetone and ethanol, voltage and duration of deposition. The obtained coatings were observed by scanning electron microscope and optical microscope. The weight of deposits was also measured in different deposition conditions to observe the effects of above‐mentioned parameters on the weight and consequently the quality of green coatings. All in all, the suspensions which composed of 50 vol% acetylacetone + 50 vol% ethanol led to more uniformity and fewer cracks/pores in deposits. The other parameters were optimised as follows: deposition voltage of 40 V and deposition time of 3 min. The results of polarisation test showed an improved corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy with the application of YSZ coating, so that the Icorr value decreased from 1.16 to 0.088 mA.
Roles of Transit-Time Flow Measurement for Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Authors: Takagi Yasushi , Takami Yoshiyuki 
Published: January 2018

AbstractTransit-time flow measurement (TTFM) has been increasingly applied to detect graft failure during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), because TTFM is less invasive, more reproducible, and less time consuming. Many authors have attempted to validate TTFM and to gain the clear cutoff values and algorithm in TTFM to predict graft failure. The TTFM technology has also been shown to be a useful tool to investigate CABG graft flow characteristics and coronary circulation physiology. It is important to recognize the practical roles of TTFM in the cardiac operating room by review and summarize the literatures.
Risk of Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax According to Chest Configuration
Authors: Lee Geun , Do Young , Park Hee , Kim Junu , Hur Jin , Han Kyunghwa , Kim Tae , Song Jason , Park Chul , Sung MinDong , Lee Sungsoo 
Published: January 2018

Background We compared the chest configurations of patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) and age-sex-matched controls to determine the presence of chest wall deformities in patients with PSP.
Methods We retrospectively enrolled 166 male patients with PSP (age, 18–19 years) and 85 age-sex-matched controls without PSP, who simultaneously underwent chest computed tomography (CT) and radiography at one of two institutes. After correcting for height, the following thoracic parameters were comparatively evaluated between the two groups: maximal internal transverse (T) and anteroposterior (W) diameters of the chest, maximal internal lung height (H), Haller index (T/W), and T/Height, T/H, W/Height, W/H, and H/Height ratios.
Results Patients were taller than the control subjects (176.5 cm ± 5.9 cm versus 174.4 cm ± 5.6 cm; p = 0.007). After controlling for height, the patient group exhibited lower T and W and greater H and Haller index values than the control group (T: 95% confidence interval [CI], 24.8–25.2 cm versus 25.9–26.5; W: 95% CI, 8.9–9.2 cm versus 10.1–10.6 cm; H: 95% CI, 25.2–25.9 cm versus 23.4–24.4 cm; and Haller index, 95% CI, 2.7–2.9 versus 2.4–2.6; all, p < 0.001). The patient group also exhibited lower T/Height, T/H, W/Height, and W/H ratios and greater H/Height ratio than the control group.
Conclusions Patients with PSP have an anteroposteriorly flatter, laterally narrower, and craniocaudally taller thorax than subjects without PSP, suggesting that chest configuration is associated with the development of pneumothorax.
Reasons for Failure of Systemic-to-Pulmonary Artery Shunts in Neonates
Authors: Leopold Cornelius , von Ohain Jelena , Wolf Cordula , Beran Elisabeth , Lange Rüdiger , Cleuziou Julie , Vitanova Keti 
Published: January 2018

Background Systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt placement is an established palliative procedure for congenital heart disease. Although it is thought to be a simple operation, it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
Methods Data for all neonates who underwent surgery for a systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt between 2000 and 2016 were reviewed. The study endpoints were shunt failure and shunt-related mortality. Shunt failure was defined as a shunt dysfunction because of thrombosis or stenosis requiring intervention or reoperation; shunt mortality was defined as death because of a shunt dysfunction.
Results A total of 305 shunts (central shunt, n = 135; Blalock–Taussig shunt, n = 170) were implanted in 280 patients. The median patients' age at the time of surgery was 9 days (1–31 days). The median shunt size was 3.5 mm (3–4 mm). Twenty-four patients (8%) were diagnosed with a shunt failure, with a median time of 7 days (0–438 days). Freedom from shunt failure at 1 year was 91.6% ± 2%. A shunt-related mortality was ascertained for 12 patients (4%). Freedom from shunt-related mortality at 1 year was 96% ± 1%. Perioperative platelet transfusion (p = 0.01), central shunt (p = 0.02), 3-mm shunt size (p = 0.02), and postoperative extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) (p < 0.01) were identified as risk factors for shunt failure. Platelet transfusion (p = 0.04) and postoperative ECMO (p < 0.01) were further identified as risk factors for shunt mortality.
Conclusion Based on these data, we recommend implanting a modified Blalock–Taussig shunt of at least 3.5 mm in neonates. Perioperative platelet transfusion and postoperative ECMO increase the risk of shunt failure.
Pediatric Craniopharyngiomas: A Primer for the Skull Base Surgeon
Authors: Graffeo Christopher , Perry Avital , Link Michael , Daniels David 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPediatric craniopharyngioma is a rare sellar-region epithelial tumor that, in spite of its typically benign pathology, has the potential to be clinically devastating, and presents a host of formidable management challenges for the skull base surgeon. Strategies in craniopharyngioma care have been the cause of considerable controversy, with respect to both philosophical and technical issues. Key questions remain unresolved, and include optimizing extent-of-resection goals; the ideal radiation modality and its role as an alternative, adjuvant, or salvage treatment; appropriate indications for expanded endoscopic endonasal surgery as an alternative to transcranial microsurgery; risks and benefits of skull base techniques in a pediatric population; benefits of and indications for intracavitary therapies; and the preferred management of common treatment complications. Correspondingly, we sought to review the preceding basic science and clinical outcomes literature on pediatric craniopharyngioma, so as to synthesize overarching recommendations, highlight major points of evidence and their conflicts, and assemble a general algorithm for skull base surgeons to use in tailoring treatment plans to the individual patient, tumor, and clinical course. In general terms, we concluded that safe, maximal, hypothalamic-sparing resection provides very good tumor control while minimizing severe deficits. Endoscopic endonasal, intraventricular, and transcranial skull base technique all have clear roles in the armamentarium, alongside standard craniotomies; these roles frequently overlap, and may be further optimized by using the approaches in adaptive combinations. Where aggressive subtotal resection is achieved, patients should be closely followed, with radiation initiated at the time of progression or recurrence—ideally via proton beam therapy, although three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, intensity-modulated radiotherapy, and stereotactic radiosurgery are very appropriate in a range of circumstances, governed by access, patient age, disease architecture, and character of the recurrence. Perhaps most importantly, outcomes appear to be optimized by consolidated, multidisciplinary care. As such, we recommend treatment in highly experienced centers wherever possible, and emphasize the importance of longitudinal follow-up—particularly given the high incidence of recurrences and complications in a benign disease that effects a young patient population at risk of severe morbidity from hypothalamic or pituitary injury in childhood.
Erste Erfahrungen zur Implementierbarkeit einer internet-basierten Selbsthilfe zur Überbrückung der Wartezeit auf eine ambulante Psychotherapie
Authors: Fuhr Kristina , Fahse Bettina , Hautzinger Martin , Gulewitsch Marco 
Published: January 2018

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Zahlreiche Studien belegen die Wirksamkeit von internet-basierten Selbsthilfeprogrammen. Allerdings bemühen sich nur wenige Untersuchungen um die Integration in die Versorgungssituation. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersuchte die Implementierbarkeit einer internet-basierten Intervention in die ambulante Versorgung von Personen mit depressiven Symptomen während der Wartezeit auf einen Psychotherapieplatz in einer psychotherapeutischen Hochschulambulanz.
Material und Methoden Die Teilnehmer auf der Warteliste für einen ambulanten Psychotherapieplatz wurden zufällig entweder einer Kontrollgruppe oder einer Interventionsgruppe, die einen Zugang zu dem internet-basierten Programm Deprexis während der Wartezeit bekam, zugeteilt. Die depressive Symptomatik wurde vor und nach der Wartezeit erfasst. Außerdem wurden Erwartungen der Teilnehmer erfragt und die Nutzungsdauer des Programms explorativ untersucht.
Ergebnisse Nur etwa die Hälfte der Personen, die über die Studie informiert wurden, bekundeten Interesse. Teilnehmer, die mit dem Programm Deprexis arbeiten konnten, nutzen im Schnitt nur die Hälfte der dargebotenen Themeneinheiten. In beiden Gruppen sank die depressive Symptomatik während der Wartezeit, die Verbesserung war jedoch nicht signifikant.
Diskussion Bei der Integration internet-basierter Interventionen in die Regelversorgung sollte zukünftig eine Anleitung und Begleitung durch einen Psychotherapeuten angedacht sowie Präferenzen der Teilnehmer berücksichtigt werden, um die Adhärenz und damit auch potentiell die Effektivität des Programms zu steigern.
Schlussfolgerungen Internet-basierte Selbsthilfeprogramme zur Überbrückung der Wartezeit auf einen Therapieplatz depressiver Patienten bedürfen der Betreuung („guidance“).
Beck Anxiety Inventory deutsch – Ein reliables, valides und praxisgeeignetes Instrument zur Messung klinischer Angst
Authors: Geissner Edgar , Huetteroth Anne 
Published: January 2018

ZusammenfassungAußer dem Manual für die deutsche Version des Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) liegen für den deutschen Sprachraum keine Berichte zu den psychometrischen Eigenschaften des Verfahrens und dessen Tauglichkeit im klinischen Einsatz vor. Unser Anliegen bestand daher in der unabhängigen psychometrischen Überprüfung nebst Untersuchung als praxisgeeignetes klinisches Instrument. Die vorliegende Studie wurde mit stationären Angstpatienten einer psychosomatischen Klinik an 3 Stichproben – n=145, n=90, n=174 – durchgeführt. Zum Einsatz kam neben dem BAI die Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HamA) als Fremdratingverfahren, das State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory (STAI), die Angstskalen 5 und 7 der Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) als konvergente Maße, Motivationsskalen (Handlungs- vs. Lageorientierung, die Skala Leistungsorientierung des Freiburger Persönlichkeits Inventars FPI) als divergente Maße sowie das Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) und ein Maß zur Therapiezielerreichung. Patienten wurden bei Aufnahme und bei Entlassung untersucht, ferner katamnestisch nach 6 Monaten. Für Unterstichproben lagen auch Daten zum Anmeldezeitpunkt vor, mithilfe derer der unspezifische Hoffnung-auf-Erfolg Effekt geprüft wurde. Alle Patienten erhielten eine ca. 6wöchige verhaltenstherapeutisch orientierte Therapie. Das deutsche BAI wird unidimensional eingesetzt, es ist ein homogenes, reliables (Retest nach 3 Tagen) Verfahren mit sehr guten Itemeigenschaften. Hinweise für eine gute konvergente bzw. divergente Validität liegen vor; allerdings wurden mittelhohe Zusammenhänge zwischen BAI und BDI II ermittelt. Krankheitsgruppen erzielten klar unterschiedliche Werte. Das Verfahren ist veränderungssensitiv für direkte therapeutische wie auch für unspezifische Effekte. Zielerreichungsratings gehen in charakteristischer Weise einher mit BAI-Werten. Somit ist das BAI ein psychometrisch gut abgesichertes, dabei kurzes und patientenfreundliches Verfahren für den aussagefähigen Einsatz in Klinik und Therapie.
Prävalenz und Phänomenologie fraglich psychotischer Symptome bei Borderline Persönlichkeitsstörungen
Authors: Schroeder Katrin , Schätzle Anja , Kowohl Pauline , Leske Lisa , Huber Christian , Schäfer Ingo 
Published: January 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Eine Subgruppe von Patientinnen mit Borderline Persönlichkeitsstörung (BPS) berichtet von fraglich psychotischen Symptomen. Die Angaben zur Häufigkeit variieren beträchtlich (bis zu 50% Betroffene). Untersuchungen in Deutschland stehen bislang aus. Weiterhin sind die genaue Phänomenologie dieser Symptome und die Auswirkungen auf Suizidalität und Inanspruchnahme stationärer psychiatrischer Behandlung bisher unklar.
Ziel der Arbeit Es erfolgte die Untersuchung der Prävalenzen und Phänomenologie der fraglich psychotischen Symptome. Assoziationen zwischen letzteren und Suizidalität sowie Inanspruchnahme stationärer psychiatrischer Behandlung wurden unter Berücksichtigung weiterer Einflussfaktoren überprüft.
Methodik Fraglich psychotische Symptome wurden bei 95 BPS-Patientinnen mit dem Strukturierten Klinischen Interview-I erhoben. Zur Überprüfung der Assoziationen zwischen diesen Symptomen und Suizidalität sowie Inanspruchnahme stationärer psychiatrischer Behandlung wurden Korrelations- und Regressionsanalysen berechnet. PTBS-Symptomatik, Ausprägung der BPS und Depressivität wurden berücksichtigt.
Ergebnisse 36% der Pat. berichteten von vielgestaltigen und langanhaltenden Wahrnehmungsveränderungen (WV) und 21% von ebensolchen Wahnvorstellungen. Die Anzahl der Suizidversuche war mit Wahnerleben, WV und Schwere der PTBS-Symptomatik, Ausprägung der BPS und Depressivität assoziiert. 25,8% der Varianz zur Vorhersage der Anzahl der Suizidversuche wurde durch Wahnerleben und PTBS-Symptomschwere erklärt. Für das Alter bei Ersthospitalisation zeigten sich weniger und für die Anzahl der Hospitalisationen keine Assoziationen.
Diskussion Fraglich psychotische Symptome sollten nicht trivialisiert werden, was möglicherweise durch die Nutzung von Begrifflichkeiten wie Pseudohalluzinationen oder vorübergehende paranoide Vorstellungen geschieht und können insbesondere mit Suizidalität assoziiert sein, wodurch das klinische Bild erschwert wird.
Ethical leadership
Authors: Sheer Vivian C. , Liu Shuang , Huang Lei 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMainstream ethical leadership studies largely adoptBrown, Trevino, and Harrison’s (2005)conceptualization and operationalization. Ethical leadership has been found to predict positive individual and organizational outcomes. An examination of the mainstream literature reveals several weaknesses that include the lack of a well-developed theoretical framework, the marginalized role of communication in leadership processes, and a low correspondence between conceptualization and operationalization. In addition to these weaknesses, Chinese ethical leadership studies meet additional challenges regarding the relative impacts of universality and cultural specificity. The Chinese literature consists of empirical research adopting the mainstream Western ethical leadership construct, point-of-view articles stressing Chinese cultural roots, and research considering both universal and cultural characteristics. This paper argues that future development in Chinese ethical leadership research can begin by conceiving a construct model that denotes communication as a key leadership behavior, explicates the relative importance of universal versus cultural influences, and defines key cultural components.
Advertising appeals and Malaysian culture norms
Authors: Raza Syed Hassan , Abu Bakar Hassan , Mohamad Bahtiar 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The ongoing development of the strategic communication research in the area of the advertising calls for the development and validation of the measurement instruments that can address the indulgence of the advertising appeals in a specific cultural context. Therefore, the present study examines and validate advertising appeals by considering the norms based on the GLOBE nine cultural dimensions in Malaysian context. The analysis involved data from 10 advertising expert for content validation, followed by 10 advertising expert rating and ranking of the scale of its relevance and clarity to assess the item-level content validation. The results provided to support the impact of cultural norms are substantial for Malaysian advertising, which are identified from content validation procedure.
Towards measuring internal crisis communication
Authors: Adamu Adamu Abbas , Mohamad Bahtiar Bin , Abdul Rahman Nik Adzrieman Bin 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Researchers are often faced with challenges of measurements for the phenomena of their interest. Progress in such situation can only be done through developing new measurements. Therefore, grounded on the pool of items generated from previous literature, this study takes a qualitative approach to develop a valid measure for internal crisis communication following two stage of Churchill’s seminal theory. This study used semi-structured in-depth interviews for collecting data with a sample of 12 informants who are employees of an electric distribution company in Nigeria. The findings of this study indicated that the new internal crisis communication measure improved the quality of communication between management and employee during crisis. This study could provide policy makers, regulators, managers, and government on how to improve the crisis management among stakeholders. Also, the study is significant to the literature particularly in developing economy on crisis management that is lacking. Further study could look at internal stakeholders during crisis in other sectors.