bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Two-wheeler Accident Cases Admitted in the Konkan Region of Maharashtra
Authors: Waghmode Avinash Harishchandra , Phad Laxman , Jankar Jayshri Sadashiv , Makade Jagadish , Mohite Prakash Madhukarrao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Mortality due to road traffic accidents (RTAs) is the main public health problem. Two-wheelers are the primary means of transportation used by most of the Indian population. The number of victims of road accidents in our country has steadily increased.

Materials and Methods:
The current study was carried out on 105 cases from December 1, 2018, to April 30, 2019, in the tertiary care hospital and Apex Institute located in the Konkan region in Maharashtra, which serves the needs of the rural population in Sahyadri Ghats of the western coast of India.

Results:
The study included 105 cases, 82 (78.10%) of men and 23 (21.90%) of women. Most cases include the age group 31–40 years (26.67%), followed by 21–30 years (22.86%). In 88.58% of cases, motorcycles and pillion riders were affected. The most common injury was abrasion (40.75%), followed by contusion (22.85%), laceration (22.85%), and fracture and dislocation of bones and joints (12%). The most typical sites of injuries were the head and neck (36.80%), lower limb (16.90%), upper limb (26.40%), anterior trunk (12.90%), and posterior trunk (7.20%). Overspeeding was the most common factor responsible for accidents (47.61%).

Conclusions:
There is an urgent need for intervention to address road safety issues in the Konkan region. The recommendations include improving road conditions, raising awareness of safety measures, and enforcing traffic laws, particularly helmet use. These measures are essential to mitigate the growing public health problems associated with RTAs in the region.
Oromucosal Changes in Patients Receiving Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancers
Authors: Suragimath Girish , Patil Satish R. , Patil Manoj , Ashwinirani S. R. , Suragimath Disha 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground:Head-and-neck cancers (HNCs) rank as the seventh malignancies on a global scale. Radiotherapy is a modality for treating these cancers, causing unwanted harmful effects on the surrounding tissues.Aims and Objectives:The objective of this study was to evaluate the oromucosal changes during radiotherapy in HNC patients and correlate with radiation dosages.Materials and Methods:A total 90 HNC patients between 25 and 75 years of age, receiving radiotherapy were included. Two groups of patients were created depending on the radiation dosage, Group 1 (n= 62; 50–60 Gray [Gy]) and Group 2 (n= 28; 61–66 Gy). Pre, immediate, and 6-month postradiotherapy oromucosal changes such as oral mucositis (OM), dry mouth, trismus, oral candidiasis, viral infections, dental caries, altered speech, and mandibular dysfunction were recorded. The data collected were compared between intragroup and intergroup. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Chi-square test, andP< 0.05 was considered significant.Results:All the clinical parameters assessed increased during the course of radiotherapy. Group 2 patients experienced statistically more OM lesions than Group 1 (P= 0.0001). Dry mouth showed significant intragroup changes only in Group 1, and intergroup differences at 6-month postradiotherapy. Trismus showed intergroup difference at immediate postradiotherapy. The intragroup comparisons of other changes were statistically significant in both groups, but the intergroup comparisons were not significant.Conclusion:Patients receiving radiotherapy for HNCs experienced exacerbated oromucosal changes, and the oromucosal lesions were slightly more with a higher radiation dosage.
Serum Creatinine to Cystatin C as a Marker for Assessing Sarcopenia in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease – A Single-Center, Prospective, Observational Study
Authors: Hari V S Aravindh , Chandra B. J. Subhash , Prasad M. C , Ashok P. , Shivaswamy Rajendra Prasad 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can develop systemic complications that include skeletal muscle dysfunction among others. Reduction in muscle mass and function is called as sarcopenia. Diagnosing sarcopenia requires the measurement of walking speed, handgrip strength (HGS), and muscular mass. This is cumbersome to both the patient and the examiner. It requires the use of instruments such as the bio-impedance assay (BIA) and hand dynamometer. Serum cystatin-C (Cys C) and creatinine (Cr) are employed as determinants for kidney function. Cr levels decrease in accordance with low muscle mass, while Cys C remains unchanged. It is due to this relationship among creatinine, cystatin C and muscle mass, serum Cr/Cys C is being tested as a determinant for sarcopenia.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to study the correlation between Cr-to-Cys C ratio and markers for sarcopenia – appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI), handgrip strength, gait speed (GS), and severity of COPD.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective, observational study was carried out at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Southern India and included patients admitted to the departments of medicine and pulmonology. Patients diagnosed to have COPD were classified according to the GOLD guidelines. Serum Cr and Cys C were measured. Sarcopenia was assessed using BIA for the calculation of ASMI, hand dynamometer for HGS, and 6-m walk test for GS.

Results:
The results from our study are as follows. The mean for Cr/Cys C was 0.71. Cr/Cys C correlated significantly to ASMI, HGS, GS, and severity of COPD.

Conclusion:
Serum Cr-to-Cys C ratio can be effectively used for the measurement of sarcopenia in individuals with COPD.
Critical Appraisal of Licentiate Examination in English Speaking Developed Countries - USA and UK as against Proposed National Exit Test (NExT) as the Licentiate Examination in India - A Study Protocol
Authors: Mishra Neelam , Gade Subhada , Mishra Vedprakash , Mishra Gaurav 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Migration of doctors is inevitable in the context of globalization that has resulted in erosion of the geographical boundaries in a real sense. As such, to assess the eligibility of a foreign medical graduate for the purposes of practicing in a given country, there is a “test” which is necessary and therefore that is the “Licentiate examination” for the registration of foreign medical graduates in any given country. To standardize the quality of medical education and to provide a common level playfield, it is imperative that a single qualifying examination is put into place for all medical graduates independent of passing out from Indian Medical Schools or Foreign Medical Schools, which is attempted through the providence of National Exit Test (NExT). A comparative appraisal of NExT with licentiate examination in vogue in English-speaking countries, namely the USA and UK turns out to be necessary so as to evaluate its “structure” so as to deliver the required predetermined “outcome.”
Polypharmacy, Drug Interaction, and Their Consequences in Terms of Adverse Drug Reaction among Adults Receiving Cancer Chemotherapy in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India
Authors: Bodas Sagarika , Pathak Swanand S. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Noncommunicable diseases in India are calculated to account for 63% of total mortality, and cancer is one of the principle causes up to 9% of total deaths.

Objective:
The objective of the study was t collect and analyze data about drugs taken by patients, which were prescribed by the doctor to combat side effects and to determine the extent of polypharmacy in patients on cancer chemotherapy

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Central India in the adult population by giving questionnaire forms to assess polypharmacy usage. Necessary statistical tests were applied.

Results:
A total of 40 indoor patients receiving cancer chemotherapy were included in the study. Many potential interactions between two chemotherapeutic drugs and chemotherapeutic and adjuvant drugs were studied. Positive adverse drug reactions encountered by patients had a strong correlation with these interactions.

Conclusion:
Drug interactions during chemotherapy are a common occurrence. The judicious use of cancer chemotherapeutic medicines and their combination with adjuvants are required to decrease the incidence of adverse drug reactions and increase the efficacy of chemotherapy.
Smartphone Application to Prescribe Exercise and its Effects on Blood Pressure, Cardiopulmonary Endurance, and Adherence, in Primary Hypertensive Individuals – A Case Series
Authors: Balpande Minakshi , Jaiswal Varoon Chandramohan , Pawar Pournima , Burman Deepika , Shetty Ramya Anand , Misquitta Chenessa , Bhondve Arpita 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This case series assessed a smartphone application for prescribing exercise and its effect on blood pressure (BP), cardiopulmonary endurance, and adherence to the exercise program in individuals with primary hypertension. Five hypertensive individuals completed the home-based exercise program, which included aerobic exercise prescribed using the Google Fit app for 4 weeks. A significant decrease in both systolic and diastolic BP was observed, according to the results (146–124 and 96.4 83.2 mmHg, respectively). In the incremental shuttle walk test, cardiopulmonary endurance increased from 324 m to 510 m, and the mean adherence rate recorded was 95%. The findings suggest that smartphone application-based exercise prescription improves cardiovascular health in hypertensive individuals, positively affecting BP and cardiopulmonary endurance.
Nurses’ Emotional Labor and Intrinsic Motivation: Findings from a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Saikia Monalisa , George Linu Sara , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aim:
This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the level of nurses’ emotional labor and intrinsic motivation (IM) and to assess its relationship with patients’ perceptions of nursing care.

Methodology:
Data were provided by 71 staff nurses and corresponding 71 patients from a tertiary care hospital. The Emotional Labor (EL) Scale by Brotheridge and Lee, a self-structured IM Scale, and the Perception of Nursing Care Scale were used to collect the data between January and March 2021. The study is registered in the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2019/08/020592).

Results:
The study reveals that nurses frequently use EL in their work, use deep-acting more than surface-acting EL, and have a high level of IM. The patients were found to have a good perception of nursing care, with “good communication” as the highest-rated factor. No significant correlation was found between nurses’ EL and IM with patients’ perceptions of nursing care.

Conclusion:
As nurses frequently use emotional labor at work, it may lead to emotional dissonance. Therefore, interventions on emotional regulation skills may allow them to skillfully use emotional labor in practice and enable them to cope with the increased emotional demands at work.
The Impact of a Mindfulness-based Intervention on Stress and Self-compassion among Nurses: A Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Bagewadi Bhagyashree M. , Patil Ninganagouda , Desai Shrikant 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Nurses play a vital role in hospitals as well as other medical settings. They often deal with a lot of stress and effort. Clinical posting at the hospital has been linked to adverse health and work outcomes for many staff nurses due to stress, worry, pressure, and exhaustion. Reduced stress, anxiety, and discontent are the stated goals of this study, which assesses the efficacy of a mindfulness intervention for pediatric nurses.

Methodology:
This research adopted a quantitative evaluative approach and employed a quasi-experimental, nonrandomized comparison group design, and a purposive sampling technique was used to draw the samples. The investigation was conducted at selected pediatric hospitals within Vijayapura, Karnataka, among the 96 pediatric nurses.

Results:
The research findings indicated a significant increase in the mean posttest self-compassion score compared to the pretest score, with a t-value of 152.24 at a significance level of P = 0.05. The study demonstrated that mindfulness-based training effectively enhanced self-compassion among experimental staff nurses, as evidenced by a significant improvement at a 5% significance level and 94° of freedom. Furthermore, the Chi-square test revealed a strong association between stress levels and posting area in the interventional group, with a χ2 = 10.725 and 2° of freedom at a significance level of 0.05%. Specifically, a significant correlation was found between family type and the number of children in the family in the interventional group (χ2 = 6.883 with 2° of freedom; χ2 = 9.063), whereas no other variables significantly impacted self-compassion in this group. In contrast, none of the demographic variables had a significant effect on self-compassion in the comparison group.

Conclusion:
The researcher showed that the mindfulness stress reduction intervention decreased stress and increased self-compassion among pediatric hospital staff nurses. Nursing administrators could use this cost-effective solution to reduce nurse stress in clinical settings.
Study to Determine the Barriers in the Implementation of the National Program for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Stroke in Satara District, Maharashtra: A Stakeholder’s Perspective
Authors: Mane Amit A. , Patil Supriya Satish , Patil Satish R. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
The Government of India started the National Program for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Stroke (NPCDCS) in 2009, which was implemented in Satara district since 2014. To identify gaps and difficulties in the implementation of this program, the present study was planned with the following objective.

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to determine the barriers in the implementation of the NPCDCS program from a stakeholder’s perspective.

Methodology:
This facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in different health facilities (30), and 96 staff working for the NPCDCS program were interviewed using a pretested and semi-structured questionnaire. Informed consent was drawn from stakeholders. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS version 20.

Results:
While 96 responders were interviewed, with a mean age of 36.55 years, 82.3% were women among them. The majority of them were working as ASHA (39.6%). Among them 73 (76.0%) had more than 3 years of program experience; however, most of them had contractual jobs, 64 (87.7%). Among perceived barriers satisfaction with the number of staff provided for the program, 60 (62.5%), satisfaction with the training of human resources, 47 (41.7%), and supply of medicine to facility, 38 (39.6%), were predominant.

Conclusion:
For effective implementation of NPCDCS, focusing on the supply of good-quality medicine in ample quantity is a must; lack of which will definitely push the beneficiaries away. Providing repetitive essential training to the program health workers will improve program staff performance. Increasing the number of staff provided for the program will help stakeholders to give more time toward this program, particularly to improve service delivery and ensure program success.
Effect of 2 Weeks of Yoga Nidra on Stress Relaxation Rating Scale in Medical Graduates
Authors: Muley Pranjali Parikshit , Muley Parikshit Ashok , Mandlik Vishwas Vasant , Deshpande Vidya Pravin , Bandre Gulshan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Human health is primarily affected by stress, which leads to various noncommunicable diseases. Medical graduates have high levels of stress due to a variety of factors. Yoga nidra has been devised as a meditative yogic practice that is known to provide relaxation to the mind and body. The case–control type of study was conducted to analyze whether 2 weeks of Yoga nidra sessions can lead to improvement in relaxation by quantifying on the relaxation technique rating scale.

Aim:
This study aims to examine the effect of Yoga nidra on the relaxation technique rating scale in medical graduates.

Objectives:
The objective is to analyze the relaxation technique rating scale responses after the practice of Yoga nidra for 2 weeks for 30 min daily.

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted on 116 healthy medical graduates and adults of age group 18–25 years The 116 medical graduates were randomly divided into two groups as – Yoga nidra group (cases) and control group. A relaxation technique rating scale was administered to those subjects after completing the 2 weeks of stress relaxation workshop. The responses were analyzed and evaluated by unpaired t-test by online Medical software.

Results:
The study results show that Yoga nidra has affected to mental state of an individual, which is observed by high amount of responses about the true feeling of relaxation after Yoga nidra practice as compared to the control group.

Conclusion:
The study concludes that Yoga nidra plays a very important role in reducing stress and that the practice of Yoga nidra in daily routine may improve the mental condition associated with stress.
Rehabilitation of the Large Maxillary Defect with the Zygomatic Implant-supported Bar-retained Overdenture
Authors: Uchale Pooja , Deogade Suryakant , Khalikar Arun , Wankhade Sattyam , Rustagi Saloni 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
For both the patient and the dentist, prosthetic rehabilitation of acquired maxillary defects is a significant issue. These flaws lower a person’s quality of life by impairing their appearance and functionality. The patient who underwent subtotal bilateral maxillectomy due to mucormycosis is shown in this clinical report to have a successful recovery with an overdenture supported by zygomatic implants. This case report demonstrates that zygomatic implant-supported overdenture is a realistic, predictable, and cost-effective treatment option for a patient with a large maxillary defect.
Kluver-Bucy Syndrome in Children with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Chadda Aditya , Madaan Priyanka , Kumar Pawan , Sharma Rajni , Sankhyan Naveen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Kluver-Bucy syndrome (KBS), a symptom complex of hyperorality, dietary pattern changes, hypersexuality, memory disturbances, and visual agnosia, has been infrequently reported following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children.

Materials and Methods:
We report a 5-year-old girl presenting with KBS following moderate traumatic brain injury. A literature search was conducted in July 2022 and extended till February 2023 on PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science electronic databases using search terms “children” OR “child” OR “infant” OR “pediatric” OR “adolescent”) AND “Kluver-Bucy syndrome” AND “trauma.” Original research studies, case reports, and case series of children (<18 years of age) with KBS following TBI were identified and evaluated by two authors.

Results:
Of the 30 articles identified on screening, 12 studies were included and reviewed for phenotypic characterization. Including the index child, 33 children (21 boys) were identified with a median age at presentation of 14 years. Clinically, the commonly described findings were hyperorality (90.9%), placidity (87.9%), hypersexuality (69.7%), hypermetamorphosis (57.6%), dietary pattern changes (54.5%), visual agnosia (51.5%), and memory disturbances (45.5%). Neuroimaging abnormalities were reported in 24 children. Carbamazepine was somewhat useful in 4/5 children where it had been tried.

Conclusions:
KBS is rare in young children with TBI. A high degree of suspicion is required for the identification of this phenotype in young children. Symptoms are often transitory and carbamazepine may be useful.
Diagnostic confusion caused by tension gastrothorax – Case series
Authors: Boleken Mehmet Emin , Günendi Tansel , Çakmak Mehmet , Kaya Veysel , Kocaman Osman Hakan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The presence of the stomach in the thorax is called gastrothorax. If excessive dilatation occurs due to a valve mechanism in the stomach which then is herniated into the thorax, it is called tension gastrothorax and the situation can be life-threatening. In late presentation, congenital diaphragmatic hernias or traumatic diaphragmatic hernias, if the stomach located in the thorax is severely distended, it can be confused with tension pneumothorax or pleural effusion/empyema. We presented tension gastrothorax in two patients with distended stomach in the thorax, in which tension pneumothorax and pleural effusion/empyema-like images were created, based on plain X-rays taken at the first admission in the emergency department, which may cause diagnostic confusion. The tension gastrothorax can cause mediastinal shift, which can lead to respiratory distress and eventually cardiac arrest secondary to obstructive shock. In case of mediastinal shift, it should reduce the tension of the stomach located in the thorax by inserting a nasogastric catheter, and if this fails, by aspiration with a needle.
Nonlactational Mastitis in Western Brazilian Amazon Mastitis Cases
Authors: de Araujo Tavares Michel , dos Santos Marcelo Cordeiro , Monteiro Vinicius da Silva , Almeida Ryan Antônio de Lucena , Flávia Barra do Espirito Santos Alv Hilka , Botileiro Simone Ferreira de Castro , Oliveira Victor Costa Morais , Vinícius Guimarães de Lacerda Marcus , Vieira René Aloisio da Costa 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT.
Chronic mastitis varies in etiology between its lactational and nonlactational forms and can be challenging to diagnose. This study aimed to assess the epidemiological profile and diverse etiologies of nonlactational mastitis in Amazonas, Brazil, focusing on distinguishing between tuberculous mastitis (TM) and idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM). This is a retrospective and prospective study that was carried out at the mastitis outpatient clinic of Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado from 2013 to 2021 and evaluated epidemiological data, imaging, and laboratory tests. Descriptive statistics were performed. In this retrospective and prospective analysis, 124 medical records were initially considered, with 12 excluded for various reasons. The remaining 112 cases underwent thorough evaluation through epidemiological data, imaging, and laboratory tests, by employing descriptive statistics for analysis. The pathology revealed a predominant prevalence of IGM (64.3%), followed by various forms of mastitis, including confirmed TM (4.5%), presumable TM (8.9%), and others. Our findings indicate that IGM, though a rare cause of breast masses and abscesses, accounts for a significant portion of mastitis cases. Histopathological studies were essential for diagnosis, with ultrasound being the primary imaging tool. This study is one of the largest Brazilian series on nonlactational mastitis, highlighting the condition’s complexity and diverse manifestations in the Amazon region.