bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving cardiovascular outcomes among Aboriginal Australians: Lessons from research for primary care
Authors: Thompson Sandra C , Haynes Emma , Woods John A , Bessarab Dawn C , Dimer Lynette A , Wood Marianne M , Sanfilippo Frank M , Hamilton Sandra J , Katzenellenbogen Judith M 
Published: November 2016

Background: The Aboriginal people of Australia have much poorer health and social indicators and a substantial life expectancy gap compared to other Australians, with premature cardiovascular disease a major contributor to poorer health. This article draws on research undertaken to examine cardiovascular disparities and focuses on ways in which primary care practitioners can contribute to reducing cardiovascular disparities and improving Aboriginal health. Methods: The overall research utilised mixed methods and included data analysis, interviews and group processes which included Aboriginal people, service providers and policymakers. Workshop discussions to identify barriers and what works were recorded by notes and on whiteboards, then distilled and circulated to participants and other stakeholders to refine and validate information. Additional engagement occurred through circulation of draft material and further discussions. This report distils the lessons for primary care practitioners to improve outcomes through management that is attentive to the needs of Aboriginal people. Results: Aspects of primordial, primary and secondary prevention are identified, with practical strategies for intervention summarised. The premature onset and high incidence of Aboriginal cardiovascular disease make prevention imperative and require that primary care practitioners understand and work to address the social underpinnings of poor health. Doctors are well placed to reinforce the importance of healthy lifestyle at all visits to involve the family and to reduce barriers which impede early care seeking. Ensuring better information for Aboriginal patients and better integrated care for patients who frequently have complex needs and multi-morbidities will also improve care outcomes. Conclusion: Primary care practitioners have an important role in improving Aboriginal cardiovascular care outcomes. It is essential that they recognise the special needs of their Aboriginal patients and work at multiple levels both outside and inside the clinic for prevention and management of disease. A toolkit of proactive and holistic opportunities for interventions is proposed.
Crimsonite, PbFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2, the phosphate analogue of carminite from the Silver Coin mine, Valmy, Nevada, USA
Authors: Kampf A. R. , Adams P. M. , Mills S. J. , Nash B. P. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractCrimsonite (IMA2014-095), PbFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2, the phosphate analogue of carminite, is a new mineral from the Silver Coin mine, Valmy, Iron Point district, Humboldt County, Nevada, USA, where it occurs as a low-temperature secondary mineral in association with fluorwavellite, goethite, hematite, hentschelite, plumbogummite and variscite on quartz. Crimsonite occurs in subparallel aggregates of deep red blades or plates flattened on {100} and up to 0.1 mm in maximum dimension. The streak is light purplish orange. Crystals are transparent and have adamantine lustre. The Mohs hardness is ∼3½, the tenacity is brittle, the fracture is irregular to splintery and an imperfect cleavage is likely on {101}. The calculated density is 5.180 g/cm3. Crimsonite is optically biaxial (+), with 2V = 85.5(5)° and γ – α = 0.011. Using the Gladstone-Dale relationship, the calculated indices of refraction are α = 2.021, β = 2.026 and γ = 2.032. The optical orientation isX=b;Y=a;Z=cand the pleochroism isXlight orange,Ylight yellow,Zred brown;Y<X< Z. Electron microprobe analyses provided PbO 40.69, CaO 0.60, ZnO 0.72, CuO 0.13, Fe2O323.36, Al2O30.34, V2O50.70, As2O512.05, P2O516.03, SO30.33 and H2O 3.64 (structure), total 98.59 wt.%. The empirical formula (based on 10 O apfu) is (Pb1.06Ca0.06)∑1.12(Fe1.71Zn0.05Al0.04Cu0.01)∑1.81(P1.32As0.61V0.05S0.02)∑2.00O8[(OH)1.64(H2O)0.36]∑2.00. Crimsonite is orthorhombic,Cccm,a= 16.2535(13),b= 7.4724(4),c= 12.1533(9) Å,V= 1476.04(17) Å3and Z = 8. The eight strongest lines in the powder X-ray diffraction pattern are [dobsin Å(I)(hkl)]: 5.86(42)(111); 4.53(45)(112); 3.485(64)(113); 3.190(100) (022); 3.026(40)(004); 2.902(54)(511); 2.502(77)(422) and 2.268(54)(224). The structure of crimsonite (R1= 3.57% for 740Fo> 4σF) contains FeO6octahedra that share edges to form dimers, which are then linked to other dimers by corner sharing to form chains along [010]. These chains are linked by PO4tetrahedra yielding sheets parallel to {001}. The sheets are linked to one another via bonds to 8-coordinated Pb2+atoms with non-stereoactive 6s2lone-electron pairs.
The relative stabilities of A- and B-type carbonate substitution in apatites synthesized in aqueous solution
Authors: Yoder C. H. , Landes N. T. , Tran L. K. , Smith A. K. , Pasteris J. D. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractCarbonated calcium apatites doped with a monovalent cation (Li+, Na+, or K+) or a divalent cation (Mg2+ or Zn2+) were prepared in aqueous solution and analysed by powder X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The hypothesis that the location of carbonate in the apatite structure, either in place of hydroxide ions in the c-axis channels (A-type substitution) or in place of phosphate (B-type substitution), is affected by the solution energetics of the cation (specifically its enthalpy of hydration) was strengthened by the observation of larger amounts of Atype carbonate in apatites containing the monovalent cations in aqueous solution. It is shown that cations with low negative enthalpies of hydration favour A-type substitution, whereas cations with higher negative hydration enthalpies, such as divalent cations (Mg2+, Zn2+), favour B-type substitution.
Targeted deep sequencing in primary myelofibrosis
Authors: Tefferi Ayalew , Lasho Terra L. , Finke Christy M. , Elala Yoseph , Hanson Curtis A. , Ketterling Rhett P. , Gangat Naseema , Pardanani Animesh 
Published: November 2016

Key Points
More than 80% of patients with PMF harbor DNA variants/mutations other than JAK2/CALR/MPL. Some of these variants/mutations adversely affect overall or leukemia-free survival independent of conventional risk stratification.
YY1 controls Eμ-3′RR DNA loop formation and immunoglobulin heavy chain class switch recombination
Authors: Mehra Parul , Gerasimova Tatiana , Basu Arindam , Jha Vibha , Banerjee Anupam , Sindhava Vishal , Gray Falon , Berry Corbett T. , Sen Ranjan , Atchison Michael L. 
Published: November 2016

Key Points
Transcription factor YY1 regulates the IgH Eμ-3′RR long-distance DNA loop without the YY1 transcriptional activation domain. YY1 constructs that rescue the Eμ-3′RR DNA loop also restore CSR strongly arguing for the necessity of this long-distance DNA loop for CSR.
SORL1 gene, plasma biomarkers, and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease for the Han Chinese population in Taiwan
Authors: Chou Cheng-Ta , Liao Yi-Chu , Lee Wei-Ju , Wang Shuu-Jiun , Fuh Jong-Ling 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Background
The sortilin-related receptor 1 (SORL1) gene, regulating the trafficking and recycling of amyloid precursor protein, has been related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between SORL1 polymorphisms, plasma concentrations of amyloid-beta (Aβ) isoforms, and AD and MCI susceptibility for a Han Chinese population in Taiwan.

Methods
Eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SORL1 and the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) ε4 alleles were genotyped in 798 patients with AD, 157 patients with MCI, and 401 control subjects. Plasma concentrations of Aβ42, Aβ40, and neuropsychiatric tests for six different cognitive domains were examined.

Results
Among the eight tested SNPs, SORL1 rs1784933 was most significantly associated with AD and MCI in our population. The G allele of rs1784933 exerted a protective effect and was associated with a reduced risk of AD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.75, p = 0.004) and MCI (OR = 0.69, p = 0.013). The significance remained after we adjusted for age, sex, and APOE ε4 alleles. For the overall participants, the plasma concentrations of Aβ42 were nominally significant for subjects carrying the rs1784933 G allele having a lower level than those without the G allele (p = 0.046). There was a similar trend for the G allele carriers to have a lower plasma Aβ40 level than noncarriers, but this was not significant. The nonsynonymous SNP rs2298813 was also related to a lower disease risk when AD and MCI were combined as a group (OR = 0.76, p = 0.035). However, there was no association between SORL1 genotypes and any of the six cognitive tests.

Conclusions
Findings from our study provide support for the effect of SORL1 gene on the disease risks and pathognomonic surrogates of AD/MCI. The interaction between SORL1 polymorphisms and Aβ formation requires further study.
Role of chemokine receptors and intestinal epithelial cells in the mucosal inflammation and tolerance
Authors: Kulkarni Neeraja , Pathak Manisha , Lal Girdhari 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The intestinal epithelial lining is a very dynamic interface, where multiple interactions occur with the external world. The intestinal epithelial barrier is continuously exposed to a huge load of commensal microorganisms, food-borne antigens, as well as invading enteropathogens. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and underlying immune cells are the main players in maintaining the delicate balance between gut tolerance and inflammation. IECs deferentially express the variety of chemokines and chemokine receptors, and these receptor-ligand interactions not only mediate the infiltration and activation of immune cells but also switch on the survival cascades in IECs. In this review, we discussed how chemokine–chemokine receptor-induced interactions play a central role to coordinate the interplay between IECs and gut immune cells to maintain homeostasis or elicit gut inflammation. Furthermore, we discussed how chemokines and chemokine receptors were used as a target for developing new drugs and therapies to control gut inflammation and autoimmunity.
Impact of immediate vs delayed feedback in a midwifery teaching activity with a simulated patient
Authors: de Labrusse Claire , Ammann-Fiechter Silvia , Eugenie Kalathakis , Burn Carine Layat 
Published: November 2016

Background: Literature on evidence-based midwifery demonstrates a lack of simulation in antenatal consultation. Aims: This study aims to explore whether immediate individual feedback (IIFB) is more effective than delayed group feedback (DGFB) following a teaching activity for midwifery students, and evaluate students' satisfaction. Methods: A teaching activity with simulated patients was developed to improve midwifery students' competence in conducting a holistic antenatal session. Clinical and communication skills were evaluated using a validated grid adapted from the Calgary-Cambridge Referenced Observation Guide on communication. Students (n = 51) were randomly separated into two groups, IIFB or DGFB. Findings: Non-parametric tests showed that students who received IIFB significantly improved their competence in conducting history-taking in comparison to the students who received DGFB (P = 0.034), including higher satisfaction (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Competence in leading holistic antenatal care sessions is essential for midwives. Students' clinical and communication skills, as well as satisfaction, improve with opportunities to work with simulated patients. Students who received IIFB showed a greater improvement of clinical skills and reported higher satisfaction with the timing of feedback than those who had DGFB.
Radio spectrum battles: Television broadcast vs wireless broadband and the future of PSB
Authors: Michalis Maria 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A principal incentive behind the move to digital television has been the release of radio spectrum in the attractive Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) band, which can be used for other, notably wireless, services. This so-called digital dividend and related spectrum battles have heightened in recent years as evidenced by the negotiations in the World Radiocommunication Conferences (WRCs). Frequencies are a core input to many industries and thus radio spectrum management has acquired high economic and political significance. Historically in Europe, the terrestrial platform has been critical for the delivery of Public Service Broadcasting (PSB). But increasingly since 2007, digital terrestrial network operators have come under enormous pressure to relinquish frequencies in response to the looming spectrum crunch of the wireless broadband (WBB) sector and the projected phenomenal demand for its services. The article argues that limiting spectrum access for the Digital Terrestrial Television (DTT) platform should not be synonymous with a corresponding weakening of PSB. The often dry and technical debate on radio spectrum management cannot obscure what is really at stake. The values that PSB stands for need to be adapted to and guaranteed in a likely post-broadcast environment. The political, economic, social and cultural principles of PSB remain valid irrespective of the underlying delivery platform used. The debate on a platform-neutral PSB is currently not as prominent as the debate on the spectrum demands of the WBB industry. At best, the two debates (future of DTT/WBB spectrum and future of PSB) are conducted in silos. Radio spectrum management should not be used as an(other) excuse to weaken PSB. Debate and action based on a digital commons space and communication rights can provide the way forward.
Left ventricular mass in male adolescent athletes and non-athletes
Authors: Kaunang Erling David , Metusala Jane G. C. , Wahani Audrey M. I. 
Published: November 2016

Background Systematic exercise leads to increased left ventricular mass, which may be misleading in a differential diagnosis of heart disease in athletes (physiologic hypertrophy versus pathologic hypertrophy). T he cause of left ventricular hypertrophy is an important risk factor in the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases.Objective To compare left ventricular mass and left ventricular hypertrophy in male adolescent athletes and non-athletes.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional, analytic study, from September to December 2012 in male adolescents aged 15-18 years. The case group included athletes from the Bina Taruna Football Club Manado, while the control group included non-athlete adolescents. All subjects underwent history-taking, physical examinations and further supporting examinations. Left ventricular mass was measured by cardiovascular echocardiography (Esaote Mylab 4.0) and calculated based on a formula. Left ventricular hypertrophy was defined as left ventricular mass of > 134 g/m2 body surface area.Results Subjects' mean left ventricular masses were 359.69 (SD 188.4; 95%CI 283.58 to 435.81) grams in the athlete group and 173.04 (SD 50.69; 95%CI 152.56 to 103.51) grams in the non· athlete group, a statistically significant difference (P=0.0001). Ventricular hypertrophy was found 76.9% compared to 11.5% in the non-athlete group (P= 0.0001).Conclusion Left ventricular mass in athletes is bigger than in non-athletes. In addition, left ventricular hypertrophy is more cornmon in male adolescent athletes than in non-athletes.
Prognostic value of nitric oxide in pediatric septic shock
Authors: Runtunuwu Ari L. , Manoppo Jeanette I. Ch. , Daud Dasril , Yusuf Irawan , Ganda Idham Jaya 
Published: November 2016

Background Nitric oxide (NO) play a key role in the pathogenesis of septic shock. Nitrit oxide metabolite is reported as a good predictor for shock although its role as mortality predictor in sepsis still controversial.Objective To assess the serum nitric oxide (NO) levels and outcomes in pediatric patients with septic shock.Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study from January 2013 to April 2014 in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado. Subjects were patients aged 1 month-12 years diagnosed with septic shock. We measured initial serum NO and observed its outcomes in all subjects.Results A total of 37 patients with septic shock met the study criteria. Nineteen children were male (51.4%). Seventeen subjects died and 20 subjects survived. The mean age of subjects with septic shock was 37.3 (SD 14.2) months. The mean serum NO level was significantly higher in the group who died [33.2 μM; 95% CI 23.6 to 42.7] than in the group who survived [13.8 μM; 95%CI 11.6 to 15.9] (P<0.01). The serum NO cut-off point for predicting mortality was 16.15 µM. For NO levels of more than 16.15 µM, the positive predictive value was 72.2% and negative predictive value was 78.9% (OR 9.750; 95%CI 2.154 to 44.138).Conclusion In pediatric patients with septic shock, serum NO levels are significantly higher in those who died than in those who survived. Serum nitric oxide level can be used to predict outcomes of patients with septic shock.
Association of body mass index with atopy and allergic diseases
Authors: Lestary Afnita , Irsa Lily , Sembiring Tiangsa , Evalina Rita , Sinaga Meiviliani 
Published: November 2016

Background Prevalence of atopy, allergic diseases, and obesity are increasing. Atopy is an individu and/or familial tendency to sensitization in response to ordinary exposure to allergens. Obesity is defined as body mass index (BMI) greater or equal to 95 percentile. Research on association of BMI with atopy and allergic diseases in children were limited, with inconclusive results. Objective To assess association of BMI with atopy and allergic diseases in chidren.Methods A cross-sectional was conducted in school children aged 6-12 years in Lhokseumawe City, Aceh, June 2012. Children were assessed for BMI, skin prick test, and International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. Statistical analyses included Chi-square, Fisher exact, and logistic regression.Results Children consisted of 137 (85.6%) normoweight, 12 (7.5%) overweight, and 11 (6.9%) obesity. Skin prick test results were positive in 44 (27.5%) and negative in 116 (72.5%) subjects. Allergic manifestations were allergic rhinitis (AR) 17 (10.6%), bronchial asthma 6 (3.8%), and atopic dermatitis (AD) 3 (1.9%). There was significant association of obesity with atopy, compared with normoweight (OR=3.78; 95%CI 1.08 to 13.19; P=0.037), but no significant association found when family history of atopy also assesed. There was significant association of obesity with bronchial asthma (OR=9.92; 95%CI 1.46 to 67.18; P=0.004) and AR (OR=6.49; 95%CI 1.64 to 25.66; P=0.015), compared with normoweight. Significant association of overweight with atopy and allergic disease was not found.Conclusion Obesity significantly associates with atopy, bronchial asthma, and AR, but overweight and normoweight do not.
Vollständige und teilweise Ein-/Ausgangsentkopplung: Ein Transformationsansatz
Authors: Khodaverdian Saman 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit der Ein-/Ausgangsentkopplung quadratischer und überaktuierter, linearer Systeme
mittels statischer Zustandsrückführung. Hierfür wird eine spezielle Transformation genutzt, mit deren Hilfe sich die
Koppeleffekte des Systems einfach veranschaulichen lassen. Neben einem unkomplizierten Zugang zur vollständigen und
teilweisen Entkopplung kann hierdurch ein direkter Zusammenhang zwischen den Reglerparametern und den resultierenden
Übertragungsfunktionen hergestellt werden. Im Falle überaktuierte Systeme, d.h. Systeme mit mehr Ein- als Ausgangsgrößen,
ermöglicht die verwendete Transformation eine geschickte Veranschaulichung der zusätzlichen Freiheitsgrade und dadurch
eine gezielte Manipulation der Systemdynamik über die zusätzlichen Aktoren.
Vitamin D and male reproductive system
Authors: Costanzo Pablo R. , Knoblovits Pablo 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is a highly prevalent worldwide condition and affects people of all ages. The most important role of vitamin D is the regulation of intestinal calcium absorption and metabolism of calcium and phosphorus to maintain muscle and bone homeostasis. Furthermore, in recent years it has been discovered that the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is widely distributed in many organs and tissues where vitamin D can perform other actions that include the modulation of the immune response, insulin secretion, anti-proliferative effect on cells of vascular smooth muscle, modulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and regulates cell growth in several organs. The VDR is widely distributed in the male reproductive system. Vitamin D induces changes in the spermatozoa’s calcium and cholesterol content and in protein phosphorylation to tyrosine/threonine residues. These changes could be involved in sperm capacitation. Vitamin D seems to regulate aromatase expression in different tissues. Studies analyzing seasonal variations of sex steroids in male populations yield conflicting results. This is probably due to the wide heterogeneity of the populations included according to age, systemic diseases and obesity.
Role and Fate of Hematite in Titania Coated Hematite Photocatalysts
Authors: Penpolcharoen Metta , Amal Rose , Chen Vicki , Brungs Michael 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis paper presents the characteristics of two different titania-hematite composite systems, namely titania-colloidal hematite particles and titania-nano hematite particles, and their use as photocatalysts. The transmission electron micrographs showed that the colloidal hematite particles were capped with layers of TiO
Streamer Corona Discharge Induced by Laser Pulses During LIF Measurements in a DC Non-thermal Plasma Reactor for NO Oxidation
Authors: Ohkubo Toshikazu , Ito Takeshi , Shuto Yasuyuki , Akamine Shuichi , Kanazawa Seiji , Nomoto Yukiharu , Mizeraczyk Jerzy 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA possible interference of the light emitted by the laser induced streamer coronas and the laser induced fluorescence (LIF) signal during the measurements of NO concentration in a DC positive corona discharge was experimentally investigated. For in-situ NO measurement a LIF system consisting of a XeF excimer laser, dye laser and BBO crystal, generating a tuned laser line at 226 nm was employed. From the measured occurrence timing between the regular streamer coronas, laser pulse, LIF signal and laser induced streamer it was found that the LIF signal appears almost immediately after the laser incidence and lasts over about 30 ns, while the induced streamer starts about 35 ns after the LIF signal and lasts about 350-500 ns. Due to the 5 ns interval between the LIF signal and the laser induced streamer the undisturbed detection of the LIF signal can be possible with a properly adjusted timing of the ICCD camera (the gate opening and exposure time). Two-dimensional distribution of NO molecules concentration in the discharge gap was measured using the LIF technique. The time-resolved evolution of the laser induced streamers was visualized using the ICCD camera with the proper timing adjustment. This resulted in determining the velocity of propagation of the streamer (about 2.5 × 10