bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Câncer de mama: relato de caso em um hospital particular
Authors: Celestino Nogueira Karla Regina 
Published: December 2017

RESUMOObjetivo: relatar um caso de câncer de mama. Método: estudo qualitativo, do tipo estudo de caso, realizado com uma paciente internada em um hospital particular a partir de entrevista individual e exame físico. Resultados: paciente do sexo feminino; há dois anos descobriu que estava com câncer na mama direita, se expandindo para a esquerda. Relata que percebeu enrijecimento na mama direita. Fez 12 seções de quimioterapia. Foi operada dois anos após os primeiros sintomas. Durante a operação, o médico percebeu que o câncer havia se disseminado para a mama esquerda que, aparentemente, só apresentava manchas escuras. Foi realizado enxerto para a reconstrução das mamas. Conclusão: proporcionou aprimorar o conhecimento sobre o câncer de mama; incentivar a prática do autoexame das mamas, conscientizando as mulheres sobre a importância deste e contribuiu para que a paciente tenha tido um tratamento humanizado durante a sua internação. Descritores: Câncer de Mama; Neoplasia da Mama; Mastectomia; Cuidados de Enfermagem. ABSTRACT Objective: to report a case of breast cancer. Method: a qualitative, case-study study performed with a patient admitted to a private hospital based on an individual interview and physical examination. Results: female patient; two years ago found that she had breast cancer right, expanding to the left. She reports that she noticed stiffness in her right breast. She did 12 sessions of chemotherapy. She was operated on two years after the first symptoms. During the operation, the doctor realized that the cancer had spread to the left breast, which, apparently had only dark spots. A graft was performed for breast reconstruction. Conclusion: improved knowledge about breast cancer; encourage the practice of self-examination of the breasts, making women aware of its importance; and contributed to the patient having had a humanized treatment during her hospitalization. Descriptors: Breast Cancer; Breast neoplasm; Mastectomy; Nursing Care.RESUMEN Objetivo: relatar un caso de cáncer de mama. Método: estudio cualitativo, del tipo estudio de caso, realizado con una paciente internada en un hospital privado a partir de una entrevista individual y examen físico. Resultados: paciente del sexo femenino; hace dos años descubrió que estaba con cáncer en la mama derecha, extendiéndose hacia la izquierda. Relata que percibió rigidez en la mama derecha. Hizo 12 secciones de quimioterapia. Fue operada dos años después de los primeros síntomas. Durante la operación, el médico percibió que el cáncer había diseminado para la mama izquierda, que aparentemente, sólo presentaba manchas oscuras. Se realizó un injerto para la reconstrucción de las mamas. Conclusión: proporcionó mejorar el conocimiento sobre el cáncer de mama; incentivar la práctica del autoexamen de las mamas, concientizando a las mujeres sobre la importancia de éste; y contribuyó para que la paciente haya tenido un tratamiento humanizado durante su internación. Descriptores: Cáncer de Mama; Neoplasia de la Mama; Mastectomía; Cuidados de Enfermería.
Descriptive Study of Roofless People in the Post Soviet Georgia
Authors: Sadzaglishvili Shorena , Scharf Stuart , Kalandadze Tinatin 
Published: December 2017

Homelessness is a complex problem, resulting from a combination of housing and social exclusion processes. This paper discusses the major factors contributing to homelessness in the post soviet Georgia. Though there is no consensus on understanding conceptual typology, the causes and complexity of homelessness, there are currently three categories of homeless people identified as “homeless” in Georgia. Among them so called “Roofless” people are the most vulnerable groups who need special attention while there is no national strategy on homelessness in place. Mixed methods were used to study homeless people living in a special shelter in Tbilisi. In total, 70 homeless (Mean Age =48, Male – 64%, Female – 36%) were interviewed by semi-structural questionnaire.The results showed that a structural factor - unemployment (90%) is the major cause of homelessness. The other factors include: lack of support system (69%), relationship problems or family breakdown (66%), health problems (64%), mental problems (44%), internal migration (39%), leaving prison (26%), substance abuse (16%). The profile of homeless persons in Georgia is a middle-aged single man; however, the numbers of homeless women, elderly and younger people as well as families with children are growing.Furthermore the paper suggests that understanding the local contexts of poverty can assist government for building the proper national strategy on homelessness and facilitate social inclusion of the most disadvantaged groups of people.
Teaching a Social and Emotional Learning Curriculum: Transformative Learning through the Parallel Process
Authors: Cullen Jennifer , Bloemker Geraldine , Wyatt Jeannette , Walsh Michele 
Published: December 2017

Social and emotional learning (SEL) curriculum included among freshman seminar content for enhanced academic performance and better overall adjustment, can support freshman in the transition from high school to college. As such, the university participating in this study has increased the number of students taking freshman seminars. To accommodate the increase in SEL sections, several nonclinical faculty members were invited to teach the seminar which required training in the SEL curriculum. The purpose of this study was an exploratory assessment of the process of teaching the SEL curriculum to determine the perceived impact of both the training and teaching experience on the faculty members and their teaching styles. This was a qualitative study, using a systematic thematic content analysis of transcribed interviews. Results indicated the emergence of several themes that highlighted a transformative learning experience for the faculty and indicated that there is a parallel process in teaching and learning.
CURVATURE APPROXIMATION FROM PARABOLIC SECTORS
Authors: Gual-Arnau Ximo , Ibáñez Gual Maria Victoria , Monterde Juan 
Published: December 2017

We propose an invariant three-point curvature approximation for plane curves based on the arc of a parabolic sector, and we analyze how closely this approximation is to the true curvature of the curve. We compare our results with the obtained with other invariant three-point curvature approximations. Finally, an application is discussed.
Neurčitosť v práve
Authors: Bárány Eduard 
Published: December 2017

Právo sa usiluje o určitosť, ale je nevyhnutne neurčité a zvlášť nevyhranené. Časť jeho nevyhranenosti spôsobuje neostrosť prirodzeného jazyka, ale niektoré časti právneho systému (právne princípy) sú inherentne neurčité. Existuje zvláštny druh neurčitosti spôsobený komplexnosťou právnych systémov.Praktické riešenie problému neurčitosti formuloval P. Heck v roku 1913. Jeho model významu právneho pojmu (jadro – periféria – nepatrí do rámca pojmu) sa stále používa pri výklade práva. Neurčitosť ovplyvňuje fungovanie právneho systému, v menšej miere mu prospieva, ale zároveň ohrozuje predvídateľnosť uplatňovanie práva.
Prezident Ruské federace v rozhodnutích Ústavního soudu Ruské federace
Authors: Hradský Kamil 
Published: December 2017

Navzdory 26 letům své existence doposud nenabyl právní institut Prezidenta Ruské federace v ruském právním prostředí pevných kontur. Cílem tohoto článku je podívat se na prezidenta očima Ústavního soudu Ruské federace, tzn. předložit čtenáři, jaké základní otázky ve vztahu k prezidentovi řešil ústavní soud, jak je posoudil a čím svá rozhodnutí zdůvodnil. Při absenci podrobné právní úpravy, obecnosti ústavy a nejasného postavení prezidenta v systému dělby státní moci získávají rozhodnutí ústavního soudu důležitost tím, že se podstatnou měrou podílejí na vymezení institutu ruského prezidenta. Jednotlivá rozhodnutí ústavního soudu jsou pečlivě vybrána tak, aby poukázala na obecnější tendence a kvalitu argumentace ústavního soudu.
Human Papillomavirus Testing in Head and Neck Carcinomas: Guideline From the College of American Pathologists
Authors: Lewis James S. , Beadle Beth , Bishop Justin A. , Chernock Rebecca D. , Colasacco Carol , Lacchetti Christina , Moncur Joel Todd , Rocco James W. , Schwartz Mary R. , Seethala Raja R. , Thomas Nicole E. , Westra William H. , Faquin William C. 
Published: December 2017

Context
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major cause of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas, and HPV (and/or surrogate marker p16) status has emerged as a prognostic marker that significantly impacts clinical management. There is no current consensus on when to test oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas for HPV/p16 or on which tests to choose.

Objective
To develop evidence-based recommendations for the testing, application, interpretation, and reporting of HPV and surrogate marker tests in head and neck carcinomas.

Design
The College of American Pathologists convened a panel of experts in head and neck and molecular pathology, as well as surgical, medical, and radiation oncology, to develop recommendations. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to address 6 key questions. Final recommendations were derived from strength of evidence, open comment period feedback, and expert panel consensus.

Results
The major recommendations include (1) testing newly diagnosed oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients for high-risk HPV, either from the primary tumor or from cervical nodal metastases, using p16 immunohistochemistry with a 70% nuclear and cytoplasmic staining cutoff, and (2) not routinely testing nonsquamous oropharyngeal carcinomas or nonoropharyngeal carcinomas for HPV. Pathologists are to report tumors as HPV positive or p16 positive. Guidelines are provided for testing cytologic samples and handling of locoregional and distant recurrence specimens.

Conclusions
Based on the systematic review and on expert panel consensus, high-risk HPV testing is recommended for all new oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients, but not routinely recommended for other head and neck carcinomas.
L’aportació del Gazophylacium catalano-latinum, de Joan Lacavalleria, a la terminologia catalana
Authors: Montalat Pere 
Published: December 2017

The publication in 1696 of the Catalan-Latin dictionary Gazophylacium Catalano-Latinum by Joan Lacavalleria led to the incorporation into Catalan of a large number of technical terms, in spite of the early modern sociocultural context being unfavourable to scientific and technical developments. The Gazophylacium is the Catalan version of a French-Latin dictionary, Le Dictionaire royal augmenté by François-Antoine Pomey. Therefore, Lacavalleria may be considered as an initiator of the systematic transfer procedure of terminological units of French origin into Catalan, which were also adopted by many other languages of culture until well into the twentieth century, and that favoured the circulation of internationalisms. This article mainly describes the terminological units transferred from the French source into Catalan, examines the main proceedings of terminological formation and the adapting process of French terms into Catalan and, lastly, it accounts for the reception and subsequent implementation of these terms.
El Llibre de menescalia de la Societat Castellonenca de Cultura
Authors: Gimeno Betí Lluís 
Published: December 2017

The library of the Societat Castellonenca de Cultura (Castelló de la Plana) keeps a Catalan manuscript on menescalia (veterinary medicine) virtually unknown to the specialists. Here we provide a diplomatic description, a presentation of its content, and particularly a first linguistic analysis. Our study allows us to locate its elaboration in the mid-14th century within the area of Morella, and to attribute it to a paraire or to a merchant. The manuscript is currently in the process of being edited.
Núvols d’avions: De la pseudociència dels ‘chemtrails’ a la ciència dels ‘contrails’
Authors: Mazon Jordi , Costa Marcel , Pino David 
Published: December 2017

Les afirmacions i els arguments més freqüents trobats en fòrums i pàgines web de pseudociència en favor de l’existència dels deixants dels avions, que anomenen chemtrails, es refuten a partir de l’explicació científica del procés de formació dels deixants de condensació o sublimació dels avions, els coneguts contrails. Es descarta la hipòtesi de l’existència dels chemtrails, ja que aquests no difereixen en res dels contrails, els quals són de natura hídrica i resultat d’un procés físic referenciat en nombrosos estudis desenvolupats des de començament de l’era de l’aviació, a començament del segle XX, fins a l’actualitat. L’article permet concloure que els chemtrails de la pseudociència no són res més que els contrails que defineix la ciència.
Web-Based Patient Experience Surveys to Enhance Response Rates
Authors: Labovitz Jonathan , Patel Neil , Santander Israel 
Published: December 2017

Background:
Patient experience is a critical component of continuous quality improvement and value-based health-care delivery. This study aimed to identify a simple, cost-effective means of administering a validated patient experience survey in ambulatory-care settings.

Methods:
Patients were randomly assigned to groups to complete the validated Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) clinician and group patient satisfaction survey using a Web-based platform. The response rate was assessed for in-clinic and e-mail distribution and was compared with the historical response rates. Patients were able to change groups after randomization to assess effect on response rate and potential bias. The cost of survey administration was compared.

Results:
Of 132 participants, 87 completed surveys (65.9%), with no significant differences among distribution methods. Twenty-three participants self-selected the in-clinic survey after being randomized to the e-mail cohort. Survey responses were statistically significantly different in only three of 34 questions. Web-based survey administration costs two to four times less than standard mail, phone, and mixed-modal survey administration.

Conclusions:
We recommend that ambulatory clinics use Web-based technology to administer CAHPS clinician and group surveys, using both e-mail and in-clinic distribution to enhance the response rate.
Estimating the Cross‐Shelf Export of Riverine Materials: Part 1. General Relationships From an Idealized Numerical Model
Authors: Izett Jonathan G. , Fennel Katja 
Published: December 2017

AbstractRivers deliver large amounts of terrestrially derived materials (such as nutrients, sediments, and pollutants) to the coastal ocean, but a global quantification of the fate of this delivery is lacking. Nutrients can accumulate on shelves, potentially driving high levels of primary production with negative consequences like hypoxia, or be exported across the shelf to the open ocean where impacts are minimized. Global biogeochemical models cannot resolve the relatively small‐scale processes governing river plume dynamics and cross‐shelf export; instead, river inputs are often parameterized assuming an “all or nothing” approach. Recently, Sharples et al. (2017), https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GB005483 proposed the SP number—a dimensionless number relating the estimated size of a plume as a function of latitude to the local shelf width—as a simple estimator of cross‐shelf export. We extend their work, which is solely based on theoretical and empirical scaling arguments, and address some of its limitations using a numerical model of an idealized river plume. In a large number of simulations, we test whether the SP number can accurately describe export in unforced cases and with tidal and wind forcings imposed. Our numerical experiments confirm that the SP number can be used to estimate export and enable refinement of the quantitative relationships proposed by Sharples et al. We show that, in general, external forcing has only a weak influence compared to latitude and derive empirical relationships from the results of the numerical experiments that can be used to estimate riverine freshwater export to the open ocean.
Seismoacoustic Coupled Signals From Earthquakes in Central Italy: Epicentral and Secondary Sources of Infrasound
Authors: Shani‐Kadmiel Shahar , Assink Jelle D. , Smets Pieter S. M. , Evers Läslo G. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn this study we analyze infrasound signals from three earthquakes in central Italy. The Mw 6.0 Amatrice, Mw 5.9 Visso, and Mw 6.5 Norcia earthquakes generated significant epicentral ground motions that couple to the atmosphere and produce infrasonic waves. Epicentral seismic and infrasonic signals are detected at I26DE; however, a third type of signal, which arrives after the seismic wave train and before the epicentral infrasound signal, is also detected. This peculiar signal propagates across the array at acoustic wave speeds, but the celerity associated with it is 3 times the speed of sound. Atmosphere‐independent backprojections and full 3‐D ray tracing using atmospheric conditions of the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts are used to demonstrate that this apparently fast‐arriving infrasound signal originates from ground motions more than 400 km away from the epicenter. The location of the secondary infrasound patch coincides with the closest bounce point to I26DE as depicted by ray tracing backprojections.
On the Fragile Relationship Between El Niño and California Rainfall
Authors: Lee Sang‐Ki , Lopez Hosmay , Chung Eui‐Seok , DiNezio Pedro , Yeh Sang‐Wook , Wittenberg Andrew T. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe failed influence of the 2015–2016 El Niño on California rainfall has renewed interest in the relationship between El Niño and U.S. rainfall variability. Here we perform statistical data analyses and simple model experiments to show that sufficiently warm and persistent sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in the far eastern equatorial Pacific are required to excite an anomalous cyclone in the North Pacific that extends to the east across the U.S. West Coast and thus increases rainfall over California. Among the four most frequently recurring El Niño patterns considered in this study, only the persistent El Niño, which is often characterized by the warm SSTAs in the far eastern equatorial Pacific persisting throughout the winter and spring, is linked to such extratropical teleconnection patterns and significantly increased rainfall over the entire state of California. During the last 69 years, only three of the 25 El Niño events (i.e., 1957–1958, 1982–1983, and 1997–1998) are clearly identified as the persistent El Niño. In addition, the monthly rainfall variance explained by El Niño is less than half that caused by internal variability during the 25 El Niño. Therefore, the rarity of persistent El Niño events combined with the large influence of internal variability effectively explains the fragile relationship between El Niño and California rainfall.
Height Dependency of Aerosol‐Cloud Interaction Regimes
Authors: Chen Jingyi , Liu Yangang , Zhang Minghua , Peng Yiran 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis study investigates the height dependency of aerosol‐cloud interaction regimes in terms of the joint dependence of the key cloud microphysical properties (e.g., cloud droplet number concentration and cloud droplet relative dispersion) on aerosol number concentration (Na) and vertical velocity (w). The three distinct regimes with different microphysical features are the aerosol‐limited regime, the updraft‐limited regime, and the transitional regime. The results reveal two new phenomena in updraft‐limited regime: (1) the “condensational broadening” of cloud droplet size distribution in contrast to the well‐known “condensational narrowing” in the aerosol‐limited regime and (2) above the level of maximum supersaturation; some cloud droplets are deactivated into interstitial aerosols in the updraft‐limited regime, whereas all droplets remain activated in the aerosol‐limited regime. Further analysis shows that the particle equilibrium supersaturation plays important role in understanding these unique features. Also examined is the height of warm rain initiation and its dependence on Na and w. The rain initiation height is found to depend primarily on either Na or w or both in different Na‐w regimes, suggesting a strong regime dependence of the second aerosol indirect effect.
Inhibition of the potassium channel Kv1.3 reduces infarction and inflammation in ischemic stroke
Authors: Chen Yi‐Je , Nguyen Hai M. , Maezawa Izumi , Jin Lee‐Way , Wulff Heike 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveInhibitors of the voltage‐gated K+ channel Kv1.3 are currently in development as immunomodulators for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. As Kv1.3 is also expressed on microglia and has been shown to be specifically up‐regulated on “M1‐like” microglia, we here tested the therapeutic hypothesis that the brain‐penetrant small‐molecule Kv1.3‐inhibitor PAP‐1 reduces secondary inflammatory damage after ischemia/reperfusion.MethodsWe studied microglial Kv1.3 expression using electrophysiology and immunohistochemistry, and evaluated PAP‐1 in hypoxia‐exposed organotypic hippocampal slices and in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with 8 days of reperfusion in both adult male C57BL/6J mice (60 min MCAO) and adult male Wistar rats (90 min MCAO). In both models, PAP‐1 administration was started 12 h after reperfusion.ResultsWe observed Kv1.3 staining on activated microglia in ischemic infarcts in mice, rats, and humans and found higher Kv1.3 current densities in acutely isolated microglia from the infarcted hemisphere than in microglia isolated from the contralateral hemisphere of MCAO mice. PAP‐1 reduced microglia activation and increased neuronal survival in hypoxia‐exposed hippocampal slices as effectively as minocycline. In mouse MCAO, PAP‐1 dose‐dependently reduced infarct area, improved neurological deficit score, and reduced brain levels of IL‐1β and IFN‐γ without affecting IL‐10 and brain‐derived nerve growth factor (BDNF) levels or inhibiting ongoing phagocytosis. The beneficial effects on infarct area and neurological deficit score were reproduced in rats providing confirmation in a second species.InterpretationOur findings suggest that Kv1.3 constitutes a promising therapeutic target for preferentially inhibiting “M1‐like” inflammatory microglia/macrophage functions in ischemic stroke.
The Misfit Dislocation Core Phase in Complex Oxide Heteroepitaxy
Authors: Bagués Núria , Santiso José , Esser Bryan D. , Williams Robert E. A. , McComb Dave W. , Konstantinovic Zorica , Balcells Lluís , Sandiumenge Felip 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMisfit dislocations form self‐organized nanoscale linear defects exhibiting their own distinct structural, chemical, and physical properties which, particularly in complex oxides, hold a strong potential for the development of nanodevices. However, the transformation of such defects from passive into potentially active functional elements necessitates a deep understanding of the particular mechanisms governing their formation. Here, different atomic resolution imaging and spectroscopic techniques are combined to determine the complex structure of misfit dislocations in the perovskite type La0.67Sr0.33MnO3/LaAlO3 heteroepitaxial system. It is found that while the position of the film–substrate interface is blurred by cation intermixing, oxygen vacancies selectively accumulate at the tensile region of the dislocation strain field. Such accumulation of vacancies is accompanied by the reduction of manganese cations in the same area, inducing chemical expansion effects, which partly accommodate the dislocation strain. The formation of oxygen vacancies is only partially electrically compensated and results in a positive net charge q ≈ +0.3 ± 0.1 localized in the tensile region of the dislocation, while the compressive region remains neutral. The results highlight a prototypical core model for perovskite‐based heteroepitaxial systems and offer insights for predictive manipulation of misfit dislocation properties.