bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Análise da produção científica da arquivologia no Brasil: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Medeiros José Mauro Gouveia de , Vilan Filho Jayme Leiro 
Published: April 2017

Introdução: revisão de literatura resultante de levantamento bibliográfico sobre a literatura científica da Arquivologia brasileira. Objetivo: identificar aspectos da literatura científica da Arquivologia, através da pesquisa bibliográfica que busca apresentar características da configuração da Arquivologia no Brasil. Metodologia: utilizou como fontes as bases de dados, portais e serviços de referência brasileiros para identificar 523 referências das quais 15 textos foram selecionados e analisados em relação a autoria, afiliação, ano, tipo de publicação, tipo e tamanho das fontes usadas, método, abrangência geográfica, resultados, entre outros aspectos. Resultados: os artigos científicos foram o principal objeto de estudo; o livro foi o canal mais citado; o periódico Arquivo & Administração e o Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Ciência da Informação têm a importância no cenário nacional; o Rio de Janeiro é a região geográfica com maior produção; houve crescimento do número de trabalhos a partir do ano 2007 e aumento da colaboração. Conclusões: o interesse pela literatura de Arquivologia está aumentando de forma significativa; houve diversificação dos canais de publicação, principalmente trabalhos de eventos e artigos a partir de 2013; a Arquivologia está se consolidando no Brasil com o aumento de produção, colaboração e interesse pela sua literatura científica.
The recent warming trend in North Greenland
Authors: Orsi Anais J. , Kawamura Kenji , Masson‐Delmotte Valerie , Fettweis Xavier , Box Jason E. , Dahl‐Jensen Dorthe , Clow Gary D. , Landais Amaelle , Severinghaus Jeffrey P. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe Arctic is among the fastest warming regions on Earth, but it is also one with limited spatial coverage of multidecadal instrumental surface air temperature measurements. Consequently, atmospheric reanalyses are relatively unconstrained in this region, resulting in a large spread of estimated 30 year recent warming trends, which limits their use to investigate the mechanisms responsible for this trend. Here we present a surface temperature reconstruction over 1982–2011 at NEEM (North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling Project, 51°W, 77°N), in North Greenland, based on the inversion of borehole temperature and inert gas isotope data. We find that NEEM has warmed by 2.7 ± 0.33°C over the past 30 years, from the long‐term 1900–1970 average of −28.55 ± 0.29°C. The warming trend is principally caused by an increase in downward longwave heat flux. Atmospheric reanalyses underestimate this trend by 17%, underlining the need for more in situ observations to validate reanalyses.
The impact of the AMO on multidecadal ENSO variability
Authors: Levine Aaron F. Z. , McPhaden Michael J. , Frierson Dargan M. W. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMultidecadal shifts in El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability have been observed, but it is unclear if this variability is just a random variation in the ENSO cycle or whether it is forced by other modes of climate variability. Here we show a strong influence of the Atlantic on the multidecadal variability of ENSO. The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) is the dominant mode of multidecadal sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the Atlantic Ocean. Changes in AMO‐related tropical Atlantic SSTs are known to force changes in the Walker circulation in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Using conceptual and coupled model experiments, we show that these changes to the Walker circulation modify ENSO stability on both annual and multidecadal time scales leading to a distinctive pattern of multidecadal ENSO variability that we find in observations and ocean reanalyses.
Air entrainment by breaking waves
Authors: Deike Luc , Lenain Luc , Melville W. Kendall 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe present an estimate of the total volume of entrained air by breaking waves in the open ocean, based on a model for a single breaking wave and the statistics of breaking waves measured in the field and described by the average length of breaking crests moving with speeds in the range (c,c + dc) per unit area of ocean surface, Λ(c)dc, introduced by Phillips (1985). By extending the single breaking wave model to the open ocean, we show that the volume flux of air entrained by breaking waves, VA (volume per unit ocean area per unit time, a velocity), is given by the third moment of Λ(c), modulated by a function of the wave slope. Using field measurements of the distribution Λ(c) and the wave spectrum, we obtain an estimate of the total volume flux of air entrained by breaking for a wide range of wind and wave conditions. These results pave the way for accurate remote sensing of the air entrained by breaking waves and subsequent estimates of the associated gas transfer.
Signals of 660 km topography and harzburgite enrichment in seismic images of whole‐mantle upwellings
Authors: Maguire Ross , Ritsema Jeroen , Goes Saskia 
Published: April 2017

AbstractVarious changes in seismic structures across the mantle transition zone (MTZ) indicate that it may hamper thermal and chemical circulation. Here we show how thermal elevation of the postspinel phase transition at 660 km depth plus harzburgite segregation below this depth can project as narrow high‐velocity anomalies in tomographic images of continuous thermochemical mantle upwellings. Model S40RTS features a narrow high‐velocity anomaly of +0.8% near 660 km depth within the broad low‐velocity structure beneath the Samoa hot spot. Our analyses indicate that elevation of the 660 phase boundary in a hot pyrolitic plume alone is insufficient to explain this anomaly. An additional effect of harzburgite enrichment is required and consistent with geodynamic simulations that predict compositional segregation in the MTZ, especially within thermochemical upwellings. The Samoa anomaly can be modeled with a 125–175°C excess temperature and a harzburgite enrichment below 660 of least 60% compared to a pyrolitic mantle.
The analytical solution of the transient radial diffusion equation with a nonuniform loss term
Authors: Loridan Vivien , Ripoll Jean‐François , de Vuyst Florian 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMany works have been done during the past 40 years to perform the analytical solution of the radial diffusion equation that models the transport and loss of electrons in the magnetosphere, considering a diffusion coefficient proportional to a power law in L shell and a constant loss term. In this paper, we propose an original analytical method to address this challenge with a nonuniform loss term. The strategy is to match any L‐dependent electron losses with a piecewise constant function on M subintervals, i.e., dealing with a constant lifetime on each subinterval. Applying an eigenfunction expansion method, the eigenvalue problem becomes presently a Sturm‐Liouville problem with M interfaces. Assuming the continuity of both the distribution function and its first spatial derivatives, we are able to deal with a well‐posed problem and to find the full analytical solution. We further show an excellent agreement between both the analytical solutions and the solutions obtained directly from numerical simulations for different loss terms of various shapes and with a diffusion coefficient DLL∼L6. We also give two expressions for the required number of eigenmodes N to get an accurate snapshot of the analytical solution, highlighting that N is proportional to
, where t0 is a time of interest, and that N increases with the diffusion power. Finally, the equilibrium time, defined as the time to nearly reach the steady solution, is estimated by a closed‐form expression and discussed. Applications to Earth and also Jupiter and Saturn are discussed.
Dimethyl fumarate alters B‐cell memory and cytokine production in MS patients
Authors: Smith Matthew D. , Martin Kyle A. , Calabresi Peter A. , Bhargava Pavan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe evaluated the effect of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) treatment on B‐cell memory and cytokine production in 18 patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) using peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained prior to and at 6 months post‐DMF initiation. We noted a decline in the absolute B‐cell number with DMF treatment, with a preferential depletion of memory B cells and a concurrent increase in naïve B cells. We noted significant reductions in GM‐CSF, TNF‐α, and IL‐6 producing B cells with DMF treatment. These effects on the B‐cell compartment may underlie the beneficial effects of DMF in RRMS.
Tensile and hardness properties of polycarbonate nanocomposites in the presence of styrene maleic anhydride as compatibilizer
Authors: Eungkee Lee Richard , Afsari Ghazi Atefe , Azdast Taher , Hasanzadeh Rezgar , Mamaghani Shishavan Sajjad 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn this study, the tensile strength and M‐Rockwell hardness of polycarbonate (PC)‐nanoalumina composites are investigated under various processing parameters. For this purpose, PC using a twin‐screw extruder is melt compounded with nanoparticle of Al2O3 in the presence of styrene‐co‐maleic anhydride (SMA) as the compatibilizer. Influences of weight percentage of nanoalumina and injection processing parameters including injection pressure and holding pressure (all in four levels) are investigated on tensile and hardness properties of nanocomposite samples using Taguchi's L16 orthogonal array. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results reveal that an appropriate distribution of nanoparticles in polymeric matrix is achieved. According to the results, nanoalumina content is the most effective parameter on tensile strength and hardness with about 51% and 85% contribution, respectively. Results indicate that by addition 1.5 wt% of nanoalumina, the tensile strength and hardness of samples increase as much as 4.5% and 11%, respectively. Also, the results reveal that injection pressure and holding pressure are also effective parameters to change hardness and tensile strength.
A psychometric evaluation of the anatomy learning experiences questionnaire and correlations with learning outcomes
Authors: Choi‐Lundberg Derek L. , Williams Anne‐Marie M. , Zimitat Craig 
Published: April 2017

The Anatomy Learning Experiences Questionnaire (ALEQ) was designed by Smith and Mathias to explore students' perceptions and experiences of learning anatomy. In this study, the psychometric properties of a slightly altered 34‐item ALEQ (ALEQ‐34) were evaluated, and correlations with learning outcomes investigated, by surveying first‐ and second‐year undergraduate medical students; 181 usable responses were obtained (75% response rate). Psychometric analysis demonstrated overall good reliability (Cronbach's alpha of 0.85). Exploratory factor analysis yielded a 27‐item, three‐factor solution (ALEQ‐27, Cronbach's alpha of 0.86), described as: (Factor 1) (Reversed) challenges in learning anatomy, (Factor 2) Applications and importance of anatomy, and (Factor 3) Learning in the dissection laboratory. Second‐year students had somewhat greater challenges and less positive attitudes in learning anatomy than first‐year students. Females reported slightly greater challenges and less confidence in learning anatomy than males. Total scores on summative gross anatomy examination questions correlated with ALEQ‐27, Pearson's r = 0.222 and 0.271, in years 1 and 2, respectively, and with Factor 1, r = 0.479 and 0.317 (all statistically significant). Factor 1 also had similar correlations across different question types (multiple choice; short answer or essay; cadaveric; and anatomical models, bones, or radiological images). In a retrospective analysis, Factor 1 predicted poor end‐of‐semester anatomy examination results in year 1 with a sensitivity of 88% and positive predictive value of 33%. Further development of ALEQ‐27 may enable deeper understanding of students' learning of anatomy, and its ten‐item Factor 1 may be a useful screening tool to identify at‐risk students. Anat Sci Educ 10: 514–527. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.
Four New Diterpene Glucosides from Perovskia atriplicifolia
Authors: Gao Lu , Zhou Jun , Zhu Le‐Yu , Zhang Juan‐Rong , Jing Yu‐Xing , Zhao Jia‐Wen , Huang Xiang‐Zhong , Li Gan‐Peng , Jiang Zhi‐Yong , Xue Da‐Yuan 
Published: April 2017

Four new diterpene glucosides, namely perovskiaditerpenosides A – D (1 – 4), were isolated from the BuOH extract of Perovskia atriplicifolia. Their structures were well elucidated by chemical methods and comprehensive spectroscopic analyses including MS, IR, and NMR (1D and 2D). The newly isolated compounds were screened for their cytotoxic activity against HepG2, NB4, HeLa, K562, MCF7, PC3, and HL60. The obtained results indicated that the new compounds possessed considerable cytotoxic activity.
Three cases of acute distal demyelinating neuropathy with recovery
Authors: Österlund‐Tauriala Emilia , Partanen Juhani V. 
Published: April 2017

Key Clinical MessageGuillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) may present as distal acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP), with severe distal demyelination of the peripheral nerves in the absence of radiculitis. Clinical course is benign, and prognosis seems favorable, but nerve conduction studies (NCS) findings at nadir may resemble some chronic forms of polyneuropathy, so close follow‐up during recovery is needed.
Endocardial and epicardial focal activation pattern due to microreentry ventricular tachycardia in a patient with cardiac sarcoidosis
Authors: Kawakami Hiroshi , Nakajima Ikutaro , Wada Mitsuru , Satomi Kazuhiro , Kusano Kengo 
Published: April 2017

Key Clinical MessageMajority of ventricular tachycardias (VTs) are caused by scar‐related macroreentry in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis. These VTs usually exhibit the reentry circuit on electroanatomic maps. We here describe a rare case of VT that exhibits a focal activation pattern on the electroanatomic map despite reentrant VT.
A Randomized, Placebo‐ and Positive‐Controlled, Single‐Dose, Crossover Thorough QT/QTc Study Assessing the Effect of Daprodustat on Cardiac Repolarization in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Caltabiano Stephen , Collins Jon , Serbest Gul , Morgan Lisa , Smith Deborah A. , Ravindranath Ramiya , Cobitz Alexander R. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDaprodustat (GSK1278863) is a prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor in phase 3 clinical studies for the treatment of anemia associated with chronic kidney disease. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of daprodustat on cardiac repolarization and enrolled 55 healthy adult male (29) and female (26) subjects who received single‐dose 75 and 500 mg daprodustat, 400 mg moxifloxacin, and placebo. Mean placebo‐corrected change from baseline QT interval for daprodustat showed no statistically significant increase. However, statistically significant decreases in the ΔΔQTcF were observed for both doses of daprodustat, reaching a lowest value of –2.74 milliseconds for 75 mg and –5.93 milliseconds for 500 mg daprodustat; this minor shortening effect is not considered clinically significant. The moxifloxacin group showed a statistically significant increase in the ΔΔQTcF value, reaching a maximal increase of 11.47 milliseconds at 4 hours. Forty subjects (73%) reported at least 1 adverse event, with the highest incidence with 500 mg daprodustat. This group had a higher incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events compared to the other treatment groups. These results suggest that 500 mg daprodustat was not well tolerated; however, daprodustat at 75 mg was generally well tolerated. No new safety concerns were identified in subjects who received 500 mg daprodustat.
Hobnail variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma: A case with an unusual presentation
Authors: Lilo Mohammed T. , Bishop Justin A. , Ali Syed Z. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractVariants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) account for up to 25% of the cases, some of which are proven to be associated with aggressive clinical behavior such as tall cell and columnar cell variants. Hobnail variant of PTC (HVPTC) is recently described as a rare and aggressive variant of PTC. Herein, we are reporting a case of HVPTC in a patient who presented with hemoptysis and an intratracheal blood clot that was aspirated and submitted for cytopathological examination. Cytomorphology displayed neoplastic cells with profound micropapillary architecture, elongated nuclei, and prominent hobnail configuration. Nuclear features of PTC such as pseudoinclusions, nuclear overlapping, crowding, and grooves were readily identified. Subsequent total thyroidectomy revealed a 1.4 cm PTC with columnar and hobnail components. HVPTC is a rare locally aggressive subtype, which may present with metastasis from an occult thyroid primary. HVPTC needs to be included in the differential diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma with micropapillary architecture on fine needle aspiration, particularly in head and neck area. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:754–756. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mixed oil formulations enriched in essential fatty acids and reduced ratio of n‐6/n‐3
Authors: Dillenburg Meinhart Adriana , Ferreira Ferreira da Silveira Tayse , Petrarca Mateus Henrique , Silva Leonardo Henrique , de Moraes Maria Rosa , Ballus Cristiano Augusto , de Souza Patrícia Oliveira , de Souza Thais Cristina Lima , Wagner Roger , Bolini Helena Maria André , Bruns Roy Edward , Godoy Helena Teixeira 
Published: April 2017

In this work, a mixed oil formulation was developed to obtain a product rich in essential fatty acids and with reduced ratio of linoleic and linolenic fatty acids. The formulations were optimized using techniques of multivariate mixture designs. Three formulations of different compositions were chosen and they were assessed regarding oxidative stability, sensory acceptance, fatty acid composition, phytosterols, and tocopherols. The formulation with improved sensory acceptance was composed of 85% of extra‐virgin olive oil, 3% of linseed oil, and 12% of safflower oil. The new formulation showed the lowest ratio of linoleic and linolenic acids when compared to the extra‐virgin olive oil, higher oxidative stability, and higher levels of phytosterols and tocopherols.Practical applications: The mixed oil formulation developed here possess practical application as a product nutritionally enriched for use as ingredient in several food products. It can also be largely used in industrial scale to enrich food products with high contents of essential fatty acids, phytosterols and tocopherols, helping to obtain final products with a more adequate n‐6/n‐3 fatty acids ratio and promoting health benefits through its consumption.In this study, a mixed oil formulation which contains high levels of essential fatty acids and reduced ratio of n‐6/n‐3 to be used as ingredient in foods is developed. The main parameters related to oxidative stability, chemical composition, and sensory acceptance of the final product are evaluated.
BOLD neurovascular coupling does not change significantly with normal aging
Authors: Grinband Jack , Steffener Jason , Razlighi Qolamreza R , Stern Yaakov 
Published: April 2017

AbstractStudies of cognitive function that compare the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal across age groups often require the assumption that neurovascular coupling does not change with age. Tests of this assumption have produced mixed results regarding the strength of the coupling and its relative time course. Using deconvolution, we found that age does not have a significant effect on the time course of the hemodynamic impulse response function or on the slope of the BOLD versus stimulus duration relationship. These results suggest that in cognitive studies of healthy aging, group differences in BOLD activation are likely due to age‐related changes in cognitive–neural interactions and information processing rather than to impairments in neurovascular coupling. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3538–3551, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Network‐Performance Relationship in Knowledge‐Intensive Contexts—A Meta‐Analysis and Cross‐Level Comparison
Authors: Brennecke Julia , Stoemmer Natalie 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTThis study examines the generalizability of the network‐performance relationship across individual and group levels, focusing on knowledge‐intensive contexts. Drawing on a meta‐analytical approach, we synthesize the results of 102 empirical studies to test whether network characteristics such as centrality, brokerage, and tie strength similarly influence the job performance of individuals and groups. Results show that while there are no differences in the direction of the network‐performance relationship across levels, there are substantial differences in magnitude. Individual performance profits more strongly from a high number of direct connections, whereas groups reap higher benefits from brokerage positions. Additional analyses reveal that the network measurement method, tie content, and performance criteria function as moderators of the network performance relationship, but their influence is consistent neither across network characteristics nor across levels. By meta‐analytically comparing and contrasting the network‐performance relationship for individuals and groups, we contribute to multilevel research on networks and organizations. Particularly, we move toward the development of a multilevel homology theory of networks. Implications for theory, practice, and future research are discussed. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Spectroscopic evidences of toxic trans‐crotonaldehyde trapped and transformed by resveratrol to prevent the damage of mitochondrial DNA
Authors: Su Yanbin , Chen Lei , Su Yanwen , Li Zhengqiang , Zhang Chuang , Mu Tongxing 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to probe the spectroscopic evidences of toxic trans‐crotonaldehyde (TCA) trapped and transformed by resveratrol (Res) to prevent the damage of mitochondrial DNA. In aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) at the different pH or mitochondria, the spectroscopic characteristics of TCA trapped and transformed by Res were observed by means of both UV‐vis and Raman spectra. When Res interacted with TCA, TCA peak at 316 nm immediately disappeared while Res main peak at 305 nm and shoulder peak at 320 nm were dramatically changed, Raman peaks of TCA at 1,688 cm−1 assigned to CHO and 1,641 cm−1 affiliated to CC were strikingly shifted, Raman peaks of Res itself were significantly displaced or disappeared, especially in mitochondria and ALDH at different pH. The active groups of Res were the OH at C5 and C10. The results of theoretical calculations are in agreement on the whole with the experimental data. The Res plays undoubtedly an important role via the structural change in TCA. The toxic CHO of TCA was effectively trapped and transformed by Res by means of itself OH at C5 and C10. The mitochondrial alkaline microenvironment and ALDH promoted the elimination of toxic TCA. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(7):500–509, 2017
Bone marrow‐derived stem/stromal cells and adipose tissue‐derived stem/stromal cells: Their comparative efficacies and synergistic effects
Authors: Im Gun‐Il 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are heterogeneous cell populations that serve as reserves for tissue regeneration in the presence of disease or injury. Although MSCs are found in various tissues, bone marrow‐derived stem/stromal cells (BMSCs) and adipose tissue‐derived stem/stromal cells (ADSCs) have been most thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, ADSCs have recently emerged as an attractive source of MSCs due to their abundance and availability. BMSCs and ADSCs demonstrate similar morphological characteristics, but their in vitro characteristics and differentiation abilities appear to differ. In this review, the author summarizes and compares current knowledge on BMSCs and ADSCs with particular emphasis on in vitro expansion and osteogenic/angiogenic potential, and reviews knowledge of their synergistic effects when co‐applied. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2640–2648, 2017.