bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural and tribometric characterization of biomimetically inspired synthetic "insect adhesives"
Authors: Speidel Matthias W , Kleemeier Malte , Hartwig Andreas , Rischka Klaus , Ellermann Angelika , Daniels Rolf , Betz Oliver 
Published: January 2017

Background: Based on previous chemical analyses of insect tarsal adhesives, we prepared 12 heterogeneous synthetic emulsions mimicking the polar/non-polar principle, analysed their microscopical structure and tested their adhesive, frictional, and rheological properties.Results: The prepared emulsions varied in their consistency from solid rubber-like, over soft elastic, to fluid (watery or oily). With droplet sizes >100 nm, all the emulsions belonged to the common type of macroemulsions. The emulsions of the first generation generally showed broader droplet-size ranges compared with the second generation, especially when less defined components such as petrolatum or waxes were present in the lipophilic fraction of the first generation of emulsions. Some of the prepared emulsions showed a yield point and were Bingham fluids. Tribometric adhesion was tested via probe tack tests. Compared with the "second generation" (containing less viscous components), the "first generation" emulsions were much more adhesive (31–93 mN), a finding attributable to their highly viscous components, i.e., wax, petrolatum, gelatin and poly(vinyl alcohol). In the second generation emulsions, we attained much lower adhesivenesses, ranging between 1–18 mN. The adhesive performance was drastically reduced in the emulsions that contained albumin as the protein component or that lacked protein. Tribometric shear tests were performed at moderate normal loads. Our measured friction forces (4–93 mN in the first and 0.1–5.8 mN in the second generation emulsions) were comparatively low. Differences in shear performance were related to the chemical composition and emulsion structure.Conclusion: By varying their chemical composition, synthetic heterogeneous adhesive emulsions can be adjusted to have diverse consistencies and are able to mimic certain rheological and tribological properties of natural tarsal insect adhesives.
Proposition d’une typologie d’acheteurs alimentaires selon leur rapport au temps et à la technologie
Authors: Gourmelen Andréa , Lallement Jeanne 
Published: January 2017

À l’ heure où la grande distribution crée des services technologiques permettant au consommateur de « gagner du temps » (drive, self-scanning...), cette recherche propose une typologie des acheteurs alimentaires fondée sur leur temps subjectif (la pression temporelle chronique - PTC) et leur rapport à la technologie. Une enquête portant sur 289 répondants dresse 5 profils de consommateurs : les familles tiraillées, les speed technophobes, les jeunes adeptes du dépannage, les zens traditionnels et les geeks, permettant aux distributeurs un ciblage précis et opérationnel.
Les élites politiques et la démocratie. Perspectives théorico-politiques
Authors: Azzolini Giulio 
Published: January 2017

L’article propose de réfléchir sur le potentiel démocratique du concept d’élites politiques. Contre un usage simplement empirique de ce concept (usage majoritaire au xx	e siècle) l’article montre, dans la perspective de la théorie politique, qu’il peut être aussi compris comme une notion a-démocratique, pleinement démocratique, voire progressiste – poursuivant ainsi la réflexion de Bernard Manin, Giovanni Sartori et Eva Etzioni-Halevy. Entendues de manière philosophiquement normative (plutôt que descriptive), les élites politiques ne sont pas un mal pour la démocratie, mais un de ses points d’ancrage les plus fermes.
Asymptomatic Progression of Ocular Behçet's Disease
Authors: Roizenblatt Marina , Fares Nikoly , Nascimento Heloisa , Novais Eduardo A. , Muccioli Cristina , Belfort Rubens 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To emphasize the importance of auxiliary exams to detect progression of ocular Behçet's disease (BD) in asymptomatic patients.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
This was a retrospective review of the clinical records of a consecutive series of patients with BD and asymptomatic visual deterioration, imaged on fundus photograph (FP), visual field (VF), fluorescein angiography (FA), and optical coherence tomography (OCT).

RESULTS:
Patients presented with no clinical findings or with mild inflammation on ophthalmic examination. However, during follow-up, VF examination indicated a progressive enlargement of previously visualized scotomas. On FA, the authors detected leakage and ischemia. On OCT, there was macular anatomical disruption, and the FP showed areas of atrophic retina.

CONCLUSION:
In patients with ocular BD, the visual acuity deterioration may be asymptomatic and progressive. This should justify the importance of early and sequential ancillary exams in the management of BD patients to detect subclinical ocular involvement.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2017;48:18–25.]
Intravitreal Versus Subretinal Tissue Plasminogen Activator Injection for Submacular Hemorrhage
Authors: Bell James E. , Shulman Julia P. , Swan Russell J. , Teske Michael P. , Bernstein Paul S. 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
The objective of this study was to compare visual acuity outcomes between the following procedures used to treat submacular hemorrhages: pneumatic displacement followed by intravitreal tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) if needed (pneumatic ± tPA) and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with subretinal tPA (PPV + tPA).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
This is a retrospective chart review of submacular hemorrhages treated with either pneumatic ± tPA or PPV + tPA.

RESULTS:

Eighteen patients had pneumatic ± tPA, and 14 patients had PPV + tPA. The percentage of patients achieving three lines or greater of vision improvement 1 year postoperatively was 46% and 18% in these groups, respectively (
P
= .194).

CONCLUSION:
The difference in visual acuity was not statistically significant; however, the lack of a statistical difference is important as pneumatic ± tPA is a less-invasive, less costly procedure that can be done in a clinical setting.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2017;48:26–32.]
Intravitreal Aflibercept for Neovascular Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy in a Predominantly Non-Asian Population: RIVAL Results
Authors: Farooq Amina , Frazier Heather , Marcus William B. , Fechter Chelsea , Singh Harinderjit , Marcus Dennis M. 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate safety and efficacy of intravitreal aflibercept (Eylea; Regeneron, Tarrytown, NY) injection (IAI) for the treatment of neovascular polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in a predominantly non-Asian population.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
This was an open-label, prospective, unmasked, nonrandomized clinical trial. Twenty eyes with neovascular PCV received monthly 2.0 mg IAI for 3 months followed by mandatory IAI every 2 months for 12 months.

RESULTS:
The mean change in ETDRS best-corrected visual acuity from baseline to 1 year was +11 letters in the treatment-naïve group, +5 letters in the treatment non-naïve group, and +9 letters overall. There was an overall mean reduction of 70 µm from baseline central subfield thickness (CST) at 1 year. Patients received a mean of 6.2 mandatory and 0.7 additional IAI injections overall during the course of 1 year. No serious ocular adverse events were reported.

CONCLUSION:
At 1 year, neovascular PCV in a predominantly non-Asian population treated with IAI demonstrated favorable visual, anatomic, and safety outcomes.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2017;48:34–44.]
Comparing Parafoveal Cone Photoreceptor Mosaic Metrics in Younger and Older Age Groups Using an Adaptive Optics Retinal Camera
Authors: Jacob Julie , Paques Michel , Krivosic Valérie , Dupas Bénédicte , Erginay Ali , Tadayoni Ramin , Gaudric Alain 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To analyze cone mosaic metrics on adaptive optics (AO) images as a function of retinal eccentricity in two different age groups using a commercial flood illumination AO device.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Fifty-three eyes of 28 healthy subjects divided into two age groups were imaged using an AO flood-illumination camera (rtx1; Imagine Eyes, Orsay, France). A 16° × 4° field was obtained horizontally. Cone-packing metrics were determined in five neighboring 50 µm × 50 µm regions. Both retinal (cones/mm
2
and µm) and visual (cones/degrees
2
and arcmin) units were computed.

RESULTS:
Results for cone mosaic metrics at 2°, 2.5°, 3°, 4°, and 5° eccentricity were compatible with previous AO scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and histology data. No significant difference was observed between the two age groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
The rtx1 camera enabled reproducible measurements of cone-packing metrics across the extrafoveal retina. These findings may contribute to the development of normative data and act as a reference for future research.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2017;48:45–50.]
Results of Peripheral Vitrectomy Under Air in Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment
Authors: Altan Tugrul , Ozbilen Kemal Turgay , Cetin Turgay , Kapran Ziya 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of peripheral vitrectomy under air in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Consecutive patients who underwent 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy for RRD were included. After removal of core vitreous and drainage of subretinal fluid, peripheral vitreous was removed under air infusion without scleral indentation. Silicone oil or C3F8 gas was used as tamponade.

RESULTS:

Forty-five eyes of 45 patients were evaluated retrospectively. Mean LogMAR, which was 1.65 LogMAR ± 1.44 LogMAR preoperatively, decreased to 0.26 LogMAR ± 0.28 LogMAR (
P
< .001; paired
t
-test). Initial and final reattachment rates were 91% and 98%, respectively. Scleral indentation was not necessary in any case. Iatrogenic retinal breaks occurred in three initial cases. Macular hole developed in one case after reoperation.

CONCLUSIONS:
Peripheral vitrectomy under air is safe and effective in cases with RRD. Air eliminates the need for scleral indentation, stabilizes the retina, and allows sufficient clarity for vitrectomy.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2017
;48:51–54.]
Unfolding of core nucleosomes by PARP-1 revealed by spFRET microscopy
Authors: Sultanov Daniel , Gerasimova Nadezhda , Kudryashova Kseniya , Maluchenko Natalya , Kotova Elena , Langelier Marie-France , Pascal John , Kirpichnikov Mikhail , Feofanov Alexey , Studitsky Vasily 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDNA accessibility to various protein complexes is essential for various processes in the cell and is affected by nucleosome structure and dynamics. Protein factor PARP-1 (poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1) increases the accessibility of DNA in chromatin to repair proteins and transcriptional machinery, but the mechanism and extent of this chromatin reorganization are unknown. Here we report on the effects of PARP-1 on single nucleosomes revealed by spFRET (single-particle FÖrster Resonance Energy Transfer) microscopy. PARP-1 binding to a double-strand break in the vicinity of a nucleosome results in a significant increase of the distance between the adjacent gyres of nucleosomal DNA. This partial uncoiling of the entire nucleosomal DNA occurs without apparent loss of histones and is reversed after poly(ADP)-ribosylation of PARP-1. Thus PARP-1-nucleosome interactions result in reversible, partial uncoiling of the entire nucleosomal DNA.
Feeding Ecology of Brook Silverside, Golden Shiner, and Subyearling Pumpkinseed in a Lake Ontario Embayment
Authors: Johnson James H. , Chalupnicki Marc A. , Abbett Ross , Diaz Avriel R. , Nack Christopher C. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Fish feeding ecology has been shown to vary over a 24-h period in terms of the prey consumed and feeding intensity. Consequently, in order to best determine the interspecific feeding associations within a fish community, examination of the diet at multiple times over a 24-h period is often necessary. We examined the diel feeding ecology of three fish species that were numerically dominant in a Lake Ontario embayment during summer. The diet of each of the three species, young-of-year Pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus, Golden Shiner Notemigonus crysoleucas, and Brook Silverside Labidesthes sicculus, was distinct with no significant overlap in diet composition occurring within any of the 4-h time intervals. The diet composition of each species suggested that Brook Silverside were feeding at the surface (terrestrial invertebrates and aquatic surface dwelling hemipterans), whereas young-of-year Pumpkinseed (amphipods) and Golden Shiner (tipulids) were feeding on different benthic prey. Differences in feeding periodicity were most pronounced for young-of-year Pumpkinseed. Our findings provide valuable insights on interspecific feeding associations among these three fish species during summer in a Lake Ontario embayment.
Orchid weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Canada
Authors: Prena Jens 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe study presents information about the taxonomy, natural history, and distribution of orchid weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Canada. Native areStethobaris ovata(LeConte, 1869) (=S. congermanaCasey, 1892restored synonymy;=S. convergensCasey, 1920new synonymy),S. incomptaCasey, 1892 (=S. commixtaBlatchley, 1916new synonymy), andS. sacajaweaePrena,new species, with all of them also being present in the adjacent temperate zone of the United States of America.Orchidophilus aterrimus(Waterhouse, 1874) andS. laevimargo(Champion, 1916) have been found on imported orchid cultivars but did not become established in natural habitats.
XRCC1 Arg399Gln Gene Polymorphism and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in the Italian Population
Authors: Santonocito Concetta , Scapaticci Margherita , Nedovic Bojan , Annicchiarico Eleonora B. , Guarino Donatella , Leoncini Emanuele , Boccia Stefania , Gasbarrini Antonio , Capoluongo Ettore 
Published: January 2017

Background The human X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 ( XRCC1) gene encodes for one of the major repair factors involved in base excision repair (BER), which is reported to be associated with the risk of several cancers. A few studies have explored the association between risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in different DNA repair genes, with contradictory results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism and susceptibility to HCC. Methods A total of 89 HCC patients and 99 randomly selected healthy controls were enrolled. Genotyping of XRCC1 rs25487 was performed by high-resolution melting analysis and Sanger sequencing. Results On univariate analysis, a statistically significant association was found between risk of HCC and XRCC1 399Arg/Gln genotype (odd ratio [OR] = 1.88; 95% CI, 1.04-3.43), which was confirmed after adjusting by sex (OR = 1.94; 95% CI, 1.04-3.63). Although not significant, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a decreased median survival in Arg/Gln genotype carriers in comparison with Arg/Arg carriers. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting an association between BER SNP and HCC risk in a population of central-southern Italy.
Hyperglycemia is Associated with Poor Survival in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma Patients
Authors: Debata Ayumi , Yoshida Koichi , Ujifuku Kenta , Yasui Haruna , Kamada Kensaku , Niino Daisuke , Matsuo Takayuki 
Published: January 2017

Purpose Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and it has been postulated that metabolic disorder may contribute to NHL etiology. We retrospectively investigated the prognostic significance of hyperglycemia in patients with PCNSL. We evaluated glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) expression by immunohistochemistry and analyzed its association with hyperglycemia and survival. Methods The medical and neuroradiologic records of 50 patients with PCNSL at our institution over the past 15 years were analyzed. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels: normal (<110 mg/dL), prediabetes (110-125 mg/dL), and diabetes (≥126 mg/dL). We defined prediabetes and diabetes groups as hyperglycemia. Results Forty-four percent of patients were in the prediabetes and diabetes groups. One-year survival rates were 73%, 66%, and 43% in normal, prediabetes, and diabetes groups, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that high age, female sex, poor performance status, high mean FPG, and monotherapy were associated with shorter survival. Multivariable Cox regression analyses showed that high mean FPG and monotherapy were significant predictors of shorter survival (p = 0.036 and p = 0.000, respectively). The GLUT1 immunohistopathologic staining was performed in 34 cases, 20 of which (58%) showed variable levels of GLUT1 expression at the cell membrane and/or cytoplasm. Prediabetes and diabetes groups had a higher percentage of GLUT1-positive cells compared with the normal group (p = 0.015). Conclusions These findings indicate that hyperglycemia is associated with poor survival. The putative biological mechanism might involve differential GLUT1 expression between hyperglycemic and normal states in patients with PCNSL.
A Primeira República Portuguesa recria o Ministério da Instrução Pública: um esforço de aproximação aos sistemas escolares europeus
Authors: Silva Carlos Manique da 
Published: January 2017

No presente artigo procuro perceber em que medida a existência de um ministério próprio, no fundo, de uma estrutura administrativa fortemente centralizada para a gestão da escola, contribuiu nos anos subsequentes a 1913 (data de reinstituição definitiva do Ministério da Instrução Pública) e até sensivelmente ao final da Primeira República portuguesa (1926), para a aproximação aos sistemas escolares europeus. Num primeiro momento, analiso os projetos-leis discutidos na Câmara de Deputados e no Senado a respeito da mencionada reinstituição. Posteriormente identifico algumas estratégias/medidas adotadas na esfera do Ministério da Instrução Pública, designadamente as que visam renovar o sistema educativo português no sentido de o tornar comparável ao de alguns países europeus. Concluo que, nesse período histórico, marcado por grande instabilidade política, a existência de um órgão central de coordenação do sistema educativo não se traduziu em maior capacidade para desenvolver de forma coerente dinâmicas inovadoras. The portuguese first republic brings back the ministry of public instruction: an aproaching effort to the european school systems. The aim of this article is to understand how, the existence of a separate ministry, that is, a highly centralized administrative structure for the school management, contributed in the years after 1913 (date of final reinstitution of the Min-istry of Public Instruction), nearly to the end of the First Portuguese Republic (1926), for the approach to European school systems. At first, I analyse the project-laws discussed in the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the above mentioned reinstatement. Later, I analyse some strategies / measures adopted in the sphere of the Ministry of Public Instruction, those that aimed reviving the Portuguese education system in order to make it similar to some European countries. I conclude that, in this historical period marked by great political instability, the existence of a central structure to coordinate the education system has not translated into greater capacity to develop consistently innovative dynamics. Keywords: Ministry of Public Education; Portugal; First Portuguese Republic; Pedagogical trips.
A jovem normalista que fui, a professora que fui: inserção profissional feminina através de memórias de normalistas
Authors: Martins Raquel Silveira 
Published: January 2017

Esse artigo busca apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre a escolha do magistério como forma de inserção profissional de normalistas que frequentaram a Escola Normal Nossa Senhora de Oliveira, na cidade Oliveira, no Centro-Oeste de Minas Gerais, entre os anos 1971 e 1974. Nesse sentido, as ideias que permeiam esse esboço vão ao encontro das concepções e conceitos sobre a mulher-professora, a formação de professores, em especial para o antigo ensino primário, e a história da educação em Minas Gerais. A metodologia utilizada é concernente à pesquisa narrativa e os dados terão como fonte principal narrativas orais de formandas da referida escola normal no período assinalado.The young normalist I was, the teacher I was: female professional insertion through normalist memories. This article aims to present research results on the choice of teaching as a form of professional insertion for normalistas who attended the Normal School of Our Lady of Oliveira, Oliveira city, Midwest of Minas Gerais, between 1971 and 1974. In this sense, the ideas that pervade this outline will meet the ideas and concepts of the woman - teacher, teacher training, especially for the old primary school, and the history of education in Minas Gerais. The methodology used is concerning the narrative research and data will have as the main source of oral narratives trainees said normal school in the indicated period. Keywords: Normalists; Feminization; Teacher school; Narrative research.
The association of male pattern baldness and risk of cancer and high-grade disease among men presenting for prostate biopsy
Authors: Al Edawn Ghazi , Bhindi Bimal , Margel David , Chadwick Karen , Finelli Antonio , Zlotta Alexandre , Trachtenberg John , Fleshner Neil 
Published: January 2017

Introduction: Androgens have been implicated in both male pattern baldness (MPB) and prostate cancer (PCa). We set out to prospectively determine if men with independently assessed MPB are at higher risk for PCa at biopsy and determine if any grade associations exist.Methods: We prospectively enrolled 394 eligible patients presenting for prostate biopsy and independently determined their MPB pattern using the validated modified Norwood classification system(0: no balding; 1: frontal balding; 2: mild vertex balding; 3: moderate vertex balding; 4: sever vertex balding). Univariate and multivariable models, including Norwood score, age, prostate-specific antigen, and digital rectal examination abnormalities, were calculated for the outcomes of cancer and high-grade disease (Gleason >6). C-statistics analyses of our models were then compared with and without MPB pattern for marginal utility.Results: Norwood patterns were increasingly associated with cancer and high-grade disease with a dose-effect (p for trend <0.001 on univariate and multivariable analyses for cancer and p=0.001 andp=0.0036 for high-grade disease on univariate and multivariable analyses, respectively). On multivariable analyses, trends still held, with all patients exhibiting Norwood scale 3 and 4 at increased risk for cancer. In predicting risk of high-grade disease, only patients with Norwood pattern 4 exhibited an increased risk.Conclusions: MPB appears to be a strong and independent risk factor for both cancer and high-grade disease for men presenting for prostate biopsy. Ours could be superior to marketed costly genetic tests. Further research is needed to understand the biology behind this observation and to incorporate these findings into clinical decision-making.