bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synchronous liposarcoma of pancreas and stomach: a case report and literature review
Authors: Jiang Hua-Feng , Ying Xiao-Jiang 
Published: January 2017

Liposarcoma is a common soft tissue sarcoma. However, its occurrence in pancreas or stomach is extremely rare. In the present study, a rare case of a 55-year-old female with sclerosing liposarcoma in pancreas and stomach is presented. Ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography examinations were performed, which revealed a pancreatic mass. Subsequently, the patient underwent surgical resection of the tail of the pancreas and spleen and partial resection of stomach following the identification of a second mass. After surgery, the patient received no adjuvant treatment. Subsequent to 3 years of clinical follow up, the patient remains alive without recurrence or distant metastasis so far. As far as we know, this is the first reported case of sclerosing liposarcoma involving pancreas and stomach.
Protocol for a randomized trial on nausea, vomitus and arterial hypotension comparing carbetocin and oxytocin as prevention for hemorrhage after cesarean section
Authors: V. Ann , M. Dominique , L. V. D. Veeken , D. M. Katrien , C. Hilde , J. Yves 
Published: January 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> To prevent hemorrhage after cesarean section uterotonics are often administered after fetal extraction. At this moment two frequently used and available products are short working oxytocin and its long working analogue, carbetocin. Both have proven and similar efficacy. Side effects are nausea, vomitus and arterial hypotension resulting in dizziness. Differences in nausea, vomitus and blood pressure changes between oxytocin and carbetocin have been studied as secondary outcome measures only and results have been conflicting. The aim of the present study is to compare nausea, vomiting and changes in blood pressure between carbetocin and oxytocin used as prevention for postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Patients are women undergoing a planned term cesarean section for singleton pregnancy without other medical complications. One hundred patients will be randomized to receive either a single intravenous dose of 100 microgram carbetocin, either an intravenous bolus of 5 units of oxytocin followed by 10 units of oxytocin over 24 hours. As primary outcome nausea and vomitus are evaluated before, during and immediately after surgery, using a standard scale, blood pressure is automatically measured every three minutes. Secondary outcome measures are the difference between pre- and postoperative hemoglobin and the need for additional uterotonics. Analysis will be based on intention to treat.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study will offer data on the difference in clinically relevant side effects between carbetocin and oxytocin helping clinicians to choose between both products in low risk cesarean sections.</p>
Comparison of esmolol versus combination of esmolol and fentanyl in preventing cardiovascular stress response to intubation
Authors: Bhalke Rahul , Karale Maroti S. , Deshmukh Umesh 
Published: January 2017

<p><strong> </strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> A number of cardiovascular responses occur during laryngoscopy and intubation which can have serious consequences during anaesthesia.We planned to conduct a study to evaluate effectiveness of intravenous Esmolol and intravenous Fentanyl in attenuating hemodynamic stress response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective, observational, randomized, double blind comparative clinical study, conducted on 60 cases of ASA grade I/II patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia. The data obtained was divided in the two groups based on drug used 5 min prior to induction, Group 1 (I.V. Esmolol 2 mg/kg) and Group 2 (I.V. Esmolol 2 mg/kg &amp; I.V. Fentanyl 2 µg/kg). Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured at various time intervals.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There was no significant difference in HR, SBP, DBP, MAP after premedication and induction in both the groups. However at intubation, both groups showed an increase in HR, SBP, DBP and MAP but the rise was attenuated in both groups. Increase in HR was more in group 1 as compared to group 2 and it was statistically significant at 01 and 02 minutes post intubation. The increase in SBP was statistically significant at 00, 01 and 02 minutes post intubation. The increase in MAP was statistically significant immediately after induction, at 00, 01, 02, 05 and 10 minutes post intubation. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Combination of intravenous Esmolol and intravenous Fentanyl is more effective in attenuating heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure response to intubation than intravenous Esmolol alone.</p>
Clinical appraisal of Lodhradi Kashaya on type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Singh Varun K. , Reddy K. R. C. 
Published: January 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Lodhradi Kashaya (LKSD) is basically ayurvedic kwath dosage form, described as Madhumehajeet (winner of diabetes mellitus) in ayurvedic classics Basavarajeeyam and the same formulation in Vaidya Chintamani and Charaka Samhita too. The aim of this study was to assess prospectively the drug’s ability in management of type 2 diabetes. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Total 31 patients were taken following the guideline mention in CCRAS protocol for diabetes mellitus research. They are divided into two groups, group A and B, given LKSD 4 g &amp; 2 g TDS respectively for three-month follow up. They are investigated against their blood glucose, HbA1C and liver profile tests. Patients were also investigated for subjective parameters viz polyurea, polyphagia, exhaustion and constipation and their response has also been noted regarding palatability acceptance and ease of administration.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Patients has responded positively for formulation. Decrease in FBS and PPBS were found highly significant (P ˂ 0.001) in both groups but more in higher dose (group A). Decrease in HbA1C is also found highly significant in both groups. In LFT, SGOT level were also decreased more in group B in comparison to group A, and it is significant (P = 0.017 and 0.002). SGPT level were also decreased more in group B in comparison to group A, and it is significant in group B (P= 0.085 and 0.002). </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> LKSD is having astringent taste due to tannins and phenols in it. It was found significant not only in controlling blood sugar but also in management of other factors related to diabetes mellitus.</p>
Beliefs and practices of newborn feeding in tribal areas of India: a decennary review
Authors: Srikanth Latha , Subbiah Kamala , Srinivasan Srikanth 
Published: January 2017

Background: Newborn feeding among tribes in India is influenced by traditional beliefs and practices. Each tribal community has its own unique feeding practices which have considerable impact on the health and survival of infants. Information about these practices is vital in planning effective child health services.Methods: A review of published articles in Google Scholar and Pubmed databases during the period 2006 to 2016 was carried out to retrieve information on newborn feeding practices in tribal areas in various parts of India. Prelacteal feeding, feeding of colostrums and time of initiation of breastfeeding were considered for analysis.Results: Thirteen full text studies were reviewed. It was observed that the newborns had been fed with prelacteal feeds such as plain water, sugar or salt solution, honey, diluted cow’s milk and milk mixed with jaggery. The beliefs were that these feeds help to resist hunger, clean the tongue and stimulate suckling. The common beliefs for delayed initiation of breastfeeding were that it was harmful or not ready to be fed for 3 days. The reasons for discarding colostrums were that it was impure, causes indigestion or diarrhea. These harmful practices were observed to be prevalent among most of the tribes in different geographic locations of India.Conclusions: There is a need to explore the area specific tribal cultural feeding beliefs and practices. This could enhance the knowledge of healthcare providers to promote proper newborn rearing.
Awareness about sanitary toilets in a rural area of north Karnataka, India: a cross sectional study
Authors: Jeratagi Sidharaj , Kumar Yogesh , Mallapur Maheshwar D. 
Published: January 2017

Background: As improvement in sanitation is one of the goal among Millennium Development Goals, awareness and lack of sanitary toilet in rural areas is still a major public problem. The objectives were to study the awareness level about sanitary toilet in a rural area.Methods: Study participants included 400 adults from Sonatti village of Belgaum district of north Karnataka. Pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect necessary information including socio demographic variables by house to house survey. Ethical clearance was obtained from IEC on human subjects of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belgaum. Informed consent was taken before collecting data from all the participants.Results: In this study most of study participants 173 (43.3%) were aged between 18 to 30 years. Majority of 164 (41.0%) were farmers and most of them 197 (49.2%) belonged to Class IV socioeconomic strata. Only 3(0.7%) had a household latrine. About 80% of participants showed average knowledge, 50% of participants showed good attitude and 62% of participants showed average practice. Awareness of sanitary toilet use was significantly associated with higher socioeconomic status and higher education. Conclusions: The present study revealed that awareness about sanitary latrine was very poor. Practice of open air defecation was very high. The overall assessment of participants revealed that there is a need to create more awareness regarding sanitary toilet use in rural areas.
A cross sectional study on the prevalence of self-medication in a Chennai based population, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Varadarajan Vinithra , P. Paul Christina Mary , S. Swapna , S. Preethi , Kumar Keerthana , P. U. Divya Dharshini 
Published: January 2017

Background: Self -medication is a major public health problem in India because of the easy availability of drugs even without prescription to the lay population. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of self-medication use among the common population in the last three months and to identify certain suspected risk factors that might be associated with it.Methods:An analytical cross- sectional study was conducted on 180 participants chosen by simple random sampling from the rural and urban field practice areas of A. C. S. Medical College in Thiruvallur district. Data was collected through a questionnaire collecting background information of the person like age, address, income, to a series of questions on self-medication and alternative medicines. Data entry was done in SPSS and p values were based on chi- square values.Results: The overall prevalence of self-medication use in the last three months was found to be 51.7% with a 95% CI of 44.7-59. Self-medication use was 2.07 times more common among subjects aged above 35 years of age and this association was statistically significant (P Value = 0.016). The commonest reason quoted for the practice of self – medication was financial constraints (40.80%) and the commonest ailment for which self- medication was practiced was quoted as common cold (73.02%).Conclusions:Study revealed a very high prevalence of self-medication emphasizing on the need for creating awareness on the ill-effects of the same.
Psychological impact of cancer diagnosis among gynaecological cancer subjects in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Nanjaiah Ranjini , Khan Mudassir A. , Rao Vadiraja N. 
Published: January 2017

Background: The survival rate of cancer patients has improved and focus has shifted to improve the quality of life of the survivors. An adequate knowledge is required for psychosocial interventions and designing programs aimed at improving the quality of life of the cancer patients. The purpose of the study is to assess Anxiety and Depression [Psychiatric morbidity] among gynaecological cancer subjects and its association with duration since diagnosis, type of cancer, mode of treatment and socio-demographic variables.Methods: This is an interview based cross sectional study involving 131 patients diagnosed to have gynaecological cancer who were evaluated using hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). The gynaecological and socio-demographic data was analyzed for any correlation with HADS scores.Results: The prevalence of at least one psychiatric disorder was 90% (n=118). Sixty subjects [45.8%] had anxiety, 71 subjects [54%] had depression and 118 cases [90%] had psychiatric morbidity. Patients suffering for less than three months had anxiety; three to 12 months were both anxious and depressed; more than 12 months were depressed. Young women with less education were more anxious compared to educated women.Conclusions: Given a gynaecological cancer an individual will have 0.9 chance of developing psychiatric morbidity. Young women with less education aware of cancer diagnosis for three to 12 months were at increased risk and needs intervention. As cancer incidence is increasing and psychiatric morbidity is common among cancer patients, training of health care personnel in cancer screening and recognizing patients with common mental disorders is required to improve their quality of life. Creating awareness of public regarding risk factors of cancers, importance of screening and cancer treatment is necessary.
The knowledge of osteoporosis risk factors and preventive practices among women of reproductive age in the state of Qatar: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Al-Muraikhi Hissa , Said Hana , Selim Nagah , Chehab Mohamad Abdel Halim 
Published: January 2017

Background: Osteoporosis is a global health problem and its prevalence is rapidly increasing worldwide. Misunderstanding about osteoporosis and the lack of preventive action among women are still common, making primary prevention at an early age the preferable intervention. This study aims at assessing the knowledge of osteoporosis and preventive practices among women aged 20-44 years. Furthermore, the planning for osteoporosis prevention requires sufficient information about women`s health beliefs, knowledge, and preventive practices as well as the cultural and socioeconomic features.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study where participants were recruited using cluster sampling with proportionate allocation. The sample (N=766) consisted of eligible women, attending the primary health care centers in Qatar during 2010, and they were interviewed using the modified Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool (OKAT). The period of this study was between January 2010 and December 2011.Results: The overall knowledge score was 61.4%, with the risk factors knowledge component being the lowest at 50%. A statistically significant relation was noted between the overall knowledge score and age, the level of education, marital status, and positive family history of osteoporosis. About 79% of the participants reported being exposed to direct sun rays for > 30 minutes /week, while only 33.6% of them were engaging in proper weight bearing exercise. Finally, the food consumption score was low at 45.4%, especially when it came to fruits and vegetables (39.6%).Conclusions: The knowledge of osteoporosis risk factors, the practice of weight bearing exercise, and the consumption of calcium and vitamin D rich diet were low. Thus, it is necessary to integrate the different components of osteoporosis prevention into a comprehensive women health program.
Nurses’ knowledge and attitude to the care of HIV/AIDS patients in South East, Nigeria
Authors: Okpala Pat U. , Uwak Rebecca , Nwaneri Ada C. , Onyiapat Jane-lovena , Emesowum Anthonia , Osuala Eunice O. , Adeyemo Florence O. 
Published: January 2017

Background: HIV/AIDS pandemic has brought huge demands on the healthcare workforce worldwide. Nurses play a critical role in caring for persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Inadequate care and discrimination due to negative attitudes of nurses caring for persons living with HIV/AIDS will not only affect the patients, but will adversely affect the fight to halt the pandemic. The objective of this study was to determine nurses’ knowledge and attitude to the care of HIV/AIDS patients in South East, Nigeria.Methods:Descriptive survey design, with the aid of five-point Likert questionnaire administered on 240 nurses caring for PLWHA in University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu, Nigeria was used.Results: Majority of the respondents had good knowledge of HIV/AIDS. There were significant relationships between the age (P<0.05), marital status (P<0.05), professional cadre of the respondents (P<0.05) and their level of knowledge. 227 (94.6%) of the respondents had positive attitude towards the care of PLWHA. Factors that negatively influenced nurses’ attitude in caring for PLWHA include fear of contagion 56 (82.4%), social stigma 10 (14.7%), culture/religion 6 (8.8%). There were significant relationships between the professional cadre of nurses (P<0.05), knowledge about HIV/AIDS (P<0.05) and their attitude towards the care of HIV/AIDS patients.However, there were no significant relationships between the nurses' marital status (P>0.05), religion, (P>0.05) and their attitude towards the care of HIV/AIDS patients.Conclusions:The study suggested the need for more in-service trainings on HIV/AIDS for nurses to improve nurses’ knowledge and positive attitude towards the care of PLWHA.
Study of life style determinants of overweight and obesity among school going adolescents in urban Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Tomar Shashi Prabha , Kasar Pradeep Kumar , Tiwari Rajesh 
Published: January 2017

Background: Obesity has become a colossal epidemic causing serious public health concern and contributes to 2.6 million deaths worldwide every year. Indian data regarding current trends in childhood obesity are emerging. Considering the fact that India has rapidly growing middle class easily habituated for enormous lifestyle changes in recent decades responsible for developing potential platform for obesity among youths. Accordingly, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the associations between overweight, obesity and several lifestyle factors, including physical activity, sedentary behaviours among adolescents aged 10-17 years.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in two schools of Jabalpur located around medical college area , 184 students effectively interviewed by predesigned questionnaire regarding Socio-demographic profile ie current residence, age, mothers educational and occupational status and family size and life style practices like the physical activity questions designed to asses typical time spent per day on games and outdoor activity, on sedentary activities, including television (TV) viewing, video games, and computer and internet use. Data entry and data processing were carried out using the SPSS version 17 software and data analyses were applied using the appropriate statistical tests of significance.Results: Prevalence of obesity and overweight: Of the 184 adolescents studied, 7.6% were obese and 2.2% were pre-obese.Conclusions: Among all of the lifestyle factors assessed, overweight and obesity exhibited associations with less frequent physical activity, and more television and internet use.
Contemporary factors of teenage pregnancy in rural communities of Abia state, Nigeria
Authors: Nwosu Udochi M. 
Published: January 2017

Background: Teenage pregnancy (TP) is a serious health problem world-wide which has grievous after effect on health of females. The study aims at identifying factors influencing TP in rural communities of Abia State – Nigeria. It also seeks to determine the current prevalence of TP.Methods:A household survey of 10 randomly selected communities was carried out using a multi-stage sampling method. A sample of 400 girls aged 11-19 years, was calculated from a population of 2505 girls enumerated from the 10 communities, using Lutz’s formula n = Z2pq/d2 as stated by Ejemot- Nwadiaro Data were collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire that was interviewer administered. Data were analyzed quantitatively using SPSS V20. Chi-Square statistic was used in determining statistical significance.Results: The prevalence of TP in this study was 49%. Factors identified to influence TP were broadly categorized into four: socio-demographic factors of teenage age P<0.05, marital status P<0.05, education P<0.05, employment P<0.05. Others were awareness factors P<0.05, parental factors P<0.05, teenage life style and societal factors P<0.05.Conclusions:Efforts to mitigate teenage pregnancy and its attendant public health and socio-economic problems should begin by proffering lasting and sustainable solutions to these identified factors.
Clinical assessment of micronutrient deficiencies among children (1- 5 years) enrolled in anganwadis of old Hubli slums, Karnataka, India
Authors: Sarvar Rana , Bant D. D. 
Published: January 2017

Background: Micronutrients are vitamins and minerals required in small amounts that are essential to our health, development, and growth. As tiny as the amounts are, however, the consequences of their absence are severe. Iodine, vitamin A and iron are most important in global public health terms; their lack represents a major threat to the health and development, particularly children and pregnant women in low-income countries. The objectives were to clinically evaluate micronutrient deficiencies among children aged 1-5 years enrolled in anganwadi’s of old Hubli.Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 children enrolled in the anganwadis of Hubli slums for signs and symptoms of micronutrient deficiency.Results: Pallor was found in 78% children and delayed developmental milestones in 20% followed by delayed eruption of teeth in 17%. Among the studied group 37% had dry hair and dry skin. Vitamin A, B, C, D deficiency was seen in 1%, 29%, 14%, 38% respectively.Conclusions:The study concludes micronutrient deficiencies are prevalent among preschool children more so in with higher birth order having partial immunization. This appeals effective implementation of national health programmes, which can play a crucial role in addressing the hidden hunger. Correcting micronutrient deficiencies can significantly reduce childhood mortality and morbidity.