bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Slowing the progression of diabetic and non‐diabetic kidney disease: A summary of the current evidence base for sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors
Authors: Rotbain Curovic Viktor , Stougaard Elisabeth Buur , Hansen Tine Willum 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe global prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is approximately 9%. CKD is predicted to become the fifth largest global cause of death by 2040. Moreover, CKD causes disability, diminished quality of life and poses a high cost to healthcare systems. Delaying the development and progression of CKD is therefore of the utmost importance. Several kidney‐specific outcome trials on sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors (SGLT‐2s) have recently provided a paradigm shift in the treatment of people with CKD, with or without diabetes, as these agents have been shown to reduce the progression of CKD on top of maximally tolerated renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system (RAAS) blockade. The relative benefit and safety of SGLT‐2is seems to be consistent across ethnicities, ages and frailty categories; however, this needs to be tested in dedicated clinical trials. Guidelines make clear recommendations for the prescription of SGLT‐2is and RAAS inhibitors as standard of care for people with CKD. Their combination with other newer antidiabetic agents may provide further benefits by targeting different components of CKD mechanisms. Dedicated randomized controlled trials are needed to test whether combination with other agents could extend the use of SGLT2is and identify people in whom a combination of drugs may be most effective. Increased efforts to implement the guidelines on treatment with SGLT‐2is for people with CKD are needed, particularly in those at the highest risk of adverse outcomes and without type 2 diabetes. Moreover, strategies to target the equitable use of SGLT‐2is are needed.
Diagnostic approach to chronic diarrhoea in adult horses
Authors: Sjolin E. , Lack A. , Arroyo L. G. 
Published: October 2024

SummaryChronic diarrhoea presents a diagnostic challenge for both human physicians and equine veterinarians. There is currently no consensus in the equine veterinary literature on the definition of chronic diarrhoea. The differential list is extensive and identifying diarrhoea by pathophysiologic mechanism can help remove less likely diagnoses. Achieving a definitive antemortem diagnosis is also challenging. Results from non‐invasive diagnostics may only lead to the conclusion that inflammation is present. Cellular infiltrate, if present, may not be representative of the underlying disease. Invasive diagnostics resulting in acquisition of full‐thickness biopsies may result in a diagnosis when other methods have failed. However, there is currently minimal data correlating these findings with those from full post‐mortem examination. This article discusses the various diagnostic options and reviews the available literature on their value in evaluating currently available patients with chronic diarrhoea.
An Adaptable Method for Rapid Fatigue Limit Prediction of Composite Materials Based on Acoustic Emission Technology
Authors: Dong Fan , Li Yazhi , Ji Haoran , Li Xiaopeng , Li Biao 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTEncouraged by the emerging infrared thermography (IT)–based technique for determining fatigue limit of composite materials, this study introduces a novel approach for the quick fatigue limit determination based on acoustic emission (AE) technology. The AE‐based method expands fatigue testing capabilities beyond the IT‐based methods. Fatigue experiments were conducted for the composite laminates and composite sandwich panels subjected to stepwise increasing cyclic loads. For composite laminate specimens subjected to tension–tension and tension–compression fatigue loads, the fatigue limits obtained by the AE‐based method are in good correlation with those acquired from the IT‐based method as well as the conventional up‐and‐down test procedure. In the tests for out‐of‐plane shearing fatigue limits of composite sandwich panel specimens, where the IT‐based method did not work properly, the AE‐based method performed well and obtained the fatigue limit estimation, which is in line with that derived from the S–N curve data, thereby demonstrating its high adaptability.
Invasive mussels reduce community bioturbation but do not affect oxygen penetration or nutrient fluxes in organic‐poor Great Lakes sediments
Authors: Huff Audrey , Rigdon Matt , Zalusky John , Katsev Sergei , Ozersky Ted 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Invasive zebra and quagga (dreissenid) mussels have disrupted nutrient cycling and benthic macrofauna communities in the Laurentian Great Lakes and other invaded ecosystems. Dreissenids are now the dominant benthic macroinvertebrate in the Great Lakes, replacing the formerly dominant native bioturbating amphipod Diporeia spp. Dreissenids and Diporeia interact with their environment in fundamentally different ways, and the consequences of this functional shift in benthic community structure on benthic–pelagic coupling are not well understood, particularly in unproductive offshore lake regions.

To determine how functional biology and benthic community structure impact sediment mixing and biogeochemistry in low particulate organic matter (POM) lake regions, we conducted a 6‐week sediment microcosm experiment with dreissenids, Diporeia and oligochaete worms—the second most common Great Lakes benthic macroinvertebrate.

We found that sediment mixing rate and depth varied significantly among the taxa. Diporeia mixed sediment the deepest and strongest, followed by oligochaetes, while dreissenids did not appreciably mix sediment. Despite these differences, we found no significant variations among treatments in sediment oxygen penetration depth, sediment respiration (oxygen uptake) or nutrient dynamics.

Our results suggest that dreissenids mix sediment less than native Great Lakes taxa, but that differential mixing rates may not measurably affect nutrient and oxygen dynamics in low‐POM sediments. Therefore, mussel effects in these areas may be manifested more through direct mechanisms rather than via altered sediment geochemistry.
An Areal Approach to Spatial Accessibility Analysis
Authors: Michels Alexander , Park Jinwoo , Kang Jeon‐Young , Wang Shaowen 
Published: October 2024

Place‐based spatial accessibility quantifies the distribution of access to goods and services across space. The Two‐Step Floating Catchment Area (2SFCA) family of methods have become a default tool for spatial accessibility analysis in part due to their intuitive approach and interpretability. This family of methods relies on calculating catchment areas around supply locations to estimate the area and population that may utilize them. However, these “catchment areas” are generally defined by origin‐destination matrices of travel‐time, giving us point‐to‐point distances and not polygons with actual area. This means that population geographies (census tracts, blocks, etc.) are binarily included or excluded, with no room for partial inclusion. When using nongranular data, which is often the case due to data privacy restrictions, this has the potential to cause significant errors in accessibility measurements. In this article, we propose Areal 2SFCA: a new approach that considers the area of overlap between travel‐time polygons and population geographies. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the Areal 2SFCA method using a case study that compares the Enhanced Two‐Step Floating Catchment Area (E2SFCA) and Areal E2SFCA for the state of Illinois in the USA using multiple population granularities.
How Readable Is the Information the United Kingdom's Statutory Health and Social Care Professional Regulators Provide for the Public to Engage With Fitness to Practise Processes?
Authors: Haider Sharif , Wallace Louise M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe public are an important source of notifications and evidence for the investigation of concerns by regulators of professionals. The website is an important source of information for the public, but the complexity of information presented to engage with the public is unknown.ObjectivesThis study explored the readability of information provided for the public to engage with fitness to practise processes by examining the websites of the 13 UK statutory health and social care professional regulators.MethodsSix readability algorithms were utilised to calculate the readability scores of 180 general and 8 easy‐read documents published for the 15 sites of the United Kingdom's 13 health and social care statutory professional regulatory bodies. These tests were the Flesch Kincaid Reading Ease, the Flesch Kincaid Grade Level, the Gunning Fog Score, the Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) Index, the Coleman Liau Index and the Automated Readability Index (ARI).ResultsAll the fitness to practise documents analysed in this study are written at a level too difficult for most of the general population to read, except one easy‐read document. There was also considerable variation in readability across resources for the same regulator, which could be confusing. Regulatory bodies risk excluding a large proportion of UK adults who may want to engage with professional regulatory proceedings.ConclusionsThis is the first comparative analysis of readability conducted independent of the regulators of the fitness to practise website documents of health and social care regulators. The public are a key source of evidence in regulatory proceedings. Regulators could improve public engagement by addressing the complexity of language used.Public ContributionOur advisory group of people with lived experience of involvement as members of the public in fitness to practise proceedings discussed the findings and contributed to the recommendations.
Improvement of heart rate variability after metabolic bariatric surgery in Korean subjects with obesity
Authors: Jang Han Na , Park Young Suk , Moon Joon Ho , Choi Sung Hee , Jang Hak Chul , Oh Tae Jung 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionCardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a chronic complication of diabetes. As obesity is a major risk factor for CAN, we hypothesized that metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) could improve CAN indices in Korean patients with obesity.Materials and MethodsPatients who underwent bariatric surgery between February 2020 and June 2022 were prospectively recruited. CAN was conducted once before surgery and again after surgery, using the Ewing method and heart rate variability (HRV) analysis (standard deviation of the NN interval [SDNN], root mean square of successive RR interval difference [RMSSD], and spectral analysis).ResultsA total of 47 patients were included. The mean age was 39.8 ± 8.7 years, 15 (31.9%) were male, and 26 (55.3%) had diabetes. Resting HR before surgery was 81.0 ± 12.3 bpm, which decreased significantly to 68.0 ± 9.3 bpm after surgery (P < 0.001). Changes in HR and BP according to the Valsalva maneuver, postural changes, and handgrip were not significantly different before and after surgery. However, SDNN significantly increased from 25.2 [15.1, 33.5] to 38.0 [25.4, 45.0] ms (P < 0.001), and RMSSD also significantly increased from 17.0 [9.2, 31.8] to 28.2 [15.3, 45.6] ms (P = 0.001). Both low‐frequency power (LF) and high‐frequency power (HF) increased significantly, and the LF/HF ratio significantly decreased from 2.1 ± 1.6 to 1.3 ± 1.3 (P = 0.010). Loss of weight, fat mass, and lean body mass were independently associated with improving the HRV variables.ConclusionsMBS improved HRV variables, and these changes were mainly associated with postoperative weight loss.
Innovative Approach to Severe Esthetic Zone Trauma: Integrating Root Submergence With Guided Bone Regeneration
Authors: Le Bach , Hayashi Naoki , Lee Urie 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveAcute traumatic defects in the esthetic zone pose a significant challenge in dental implant rehabilitation, requiring innovative techniques to achieve optimal functional and esthetic outcomes. This article investigates the use of a novel combination of root submergence and guided bone regeneration (GBR) to address these defects. The goal is to evaluate the potential of this integrated approach for achieving predictable bone regeneration and long‐term tissue stability.Clinical ConsiderationsStudies have shown significant improvements in soft‐tissue contour, papilla preservation, and emergence profile when root submergence is employed. Despite these benefits, the integration of root submergence with GBR remains underexplored in the literature. This combination shows considerable potential for achieving predictable bone regeneration and sustaining tissue stability in the esthetic zone.ConclusionsThe integration of root submergence with GBR offers a promising solution for managing traumatic defects in the esthetic zone by enhancing soft‐tissue contours and facilitating predictable bone regeneration. However, additional clinical studies are needed to support the long‐term success of this innovative approach in dental implant rehabilitation.Clinical SignificanceThe combined use of root submergence and GBR for treating acute traumatic defects in the esthetic zone represents a notable advancement in dental implant rehabilitation. This article presents a detailed analysis of the rationale, technique, and clinical outcomes of this approach, underscoring its importance in achieving optimal esthetic and functional outcomes for patients with complex clinical needs.
Investor Sentiment, Managerial Manipulation, and Stock Returns
Authors: JIANG JIAJUN , LIU QI , SUN BO 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe degree of earnings manipulation has been shown to be positively associated with stock returns at the aggregate level but negatively so in the cross‐ section. We examine, both theoretically and empirically, the role of investor sentiment in accounting for such relations. We find that these patterns are primarily driven by high‐sentiment periods. Embedding investor sentiment into a game‐theoretic model of earnings manipulation with a continuum of firms delivers consistent predictions. Our analysis highlights the importance of increased scrutiny of corporate reporting during market booms, when manipulation is widespread and adds fuel to price exuberance.
When Duality Fails: Addressing the Liability of Hybridity in a Field Dominated by Non‐profit Values
Authors: Dahan Nicolas M. , Leca Bernard 
Published: October 2024

AbstractScholars have explored how hybrid organizations balance conflicting values internally, but less attention has been given to how they address critiques from external stakeholders who regard the combination of social and economic goals as illegitimate. Drawing from a study of influential stakeholders challenging the dual practices of a hybrid organization fighting child malnutrition, we examine how a hybrid organization can address what we call the ‘liability of hybridity’. We show how a hybrid organization can overcome this liability by combining ‘wedging’ and ‘alignment’ strategies through strategic framing, prompting influential stakeholders to revise their negative legitimacy assessments. Our study contributes to research on hybrid organizations and their capacity to address societal grand challenges, expands research on framing strategies by focusing on framing microprocesses (in particular, the ‘modularity’ of framing), and advances our understanding of how legitimacy assessments are made and revised.
Beneficial Role of Heat‐Treated Lactobacillus sakei HS‐1 on Growth Performance, Nutritional Status and Gut Microbiota in Weaned Piglets
Authors: Matsubara Kazuki , Li Junyou , Enomoto Yuriko , Takahashi Tomotsugu , Ma Min , Ninomiya Ryo , Kazami Daiji , Miura Kozue , Hirayama Kazuhiro 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn the swine industry, there is a strong need to replace an antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) used as feed additives in weaned piglets to enhance nutrient utilization in their diets and improve growth performance. Lactobacillus sakei HS‐1 strain is a microbial preparation isolated from pickles. The study aim is to investigate the effectiveness of heat‐treated L. sakei HS‐1 strain (HT‐LS) as a growth promoter in weaned piglets compared to colistin (CS), a widely used AGP. Eighteen crossbred weaned piglets (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc) of 21 days (average body weight [BW]: 7.06 ± 0.59 kg) were divided into three groups: fed the control diet (CT group), fed a diet supplemented with 30 ppm colistin sulphate (CS group), fed a diet supplemented with HT‐LS at a concentration of 2.0 × 105 cells/g (LS group) until 49 days. The results indicated that LS group exhibited significantly higher average daily gain (p < 0.05) and higher BW (p < 0.1) compared with CT group, even higher than CS group. CS group showed higher growth performance compared to CT group but the differences were not statistically significant. In addition, LS group had higher (p < 0.05) or tended to higher (p < 0.1) concentrations of several plasma amino acids than the other two groups at 35 and 49 days. Faecal acetate concentration was higher (p < 0.1) in LS group than in CT group at 35 days. Blood immunoglobulin G concentration in LS group was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than in CT group at 35 and 49 days, and blood immunoglobulin A tended to be lower (p < 0.1) at 35 days than in CT group. LS group showed an increased abundance of g_Prevotella 7, g_Streptococcus and g_Lactobacillus (linear discriminant analysis [LDA] score ≥ 2.0). Predictive metagenomic analysis revealed an enrichment of the mixed acid fermentation pathway (LDA score ≥ 2.0). Furthermore, several gut microbes exhibited correlations with plasma amino acids (p < 0.01) and short‐chain fatty acids in faeces (p < 0.01). These findings demonstrate that HT‐LS improves the growth performance of weaned piglets by enhancing the efficient utilization of nutrients through gut microbiota modification.
Natural Feed Supplements From Crustacean Processing Side Streams for Improved Growth of Finfishes and Crustaceans: A Review
Authors: Ashraf Ancy , Sabu Sarasan , Sasidharan Abhilash , Sunooj Kappat Valiyapeediyekkal 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTNatural feed additives of plant/animal/microbial origin are researched as supplements in aquaculture to improve the properties of feed, minimize the usage of chemical alternatives, reduce food safety risks and ensure sustainability to combat global food and nutritional security. Side streams generated during shellfish processing possess valuable ingredients: protein, lipids, carotenoids, minerals and chitins. Considering the current trend of organic farming and antibiotic‐free fish and shellfish, crustacean processing side streams and their derivatives seem promising and emerging resources as natural additives/supplements for formulating high‐quality feeds with superior benefits. Lower concentrations of chitin and chitosan in diets are reported to stimulate the growth of shellfish and finfish under controlled conditions. Oligomers of chitosan and nano‐chitosan are also the other potential derivatives as natural supplements in feed for better growth performance of aquaculture varieties. This review focuses on the significance of crustacean processing side streams and their derivatives, especially shrimp head meal, chitin, chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharides as potential natural additives in aquafeeds for promoting the growth performance of cultured fin fishes and shell fishes. Utilization in aquafeeds and the development of natural value‐added supplements from crustacean processing side streams, especially shrimp head and shell leftover, offer an answer to the negative environmental impact due to its dumping; reduce the dependency on food fish for fish meal production & fishmeal for aquafeeds; solution to maintain the economic viability of the fish farmers & industry as well as to ensure the supply of safer and healthy aquatic foods to meet the objectives of sustainable development goals.
Assessing Omnichannel Service Quality in the Public Sector
Authors: Walke Fabian , Winkler Till J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTServices in the public sector are often provided as a hybrid combination of both digital (e.g., online registration) and physical (e.g., offline appointment) service channels, which can be referred to as omnichannel services. There is a lack of instruments in the literature that can measure the perceived quality of public sector omnichannel services. The goal of this paper is to develop and empirically validate an instrument to fill this research gap. The key contribution of this paper is the Technology, Information, Human, Process, System (TIHPS) framework, which represents the first instrument designed to assess the quality of public sector omnichannel services. An empirical validation using responses from 365 service recipients supports the validity and robustness of this instrument. We discuss how the TIHPS framework can be useful to governments, practitioners, and researchers alike.
Phosphorylation of ADF7‐Mediated by AGC1.7 Regulates Pollen Germination in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Li Xiaoyi , Yu Qin , Hua Xinyue , He Juan , Liu Jiajia , Peng Lu , Wang Jianmei , Li Xufeng , Yang Yi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTActin depolymerizing factors (ADFs), like other actin‐binding proteins (ABPs), are modified by phosphorylation to regulate the dynamics of the actin filaments, thereby functioning in various processes throughout the plant lifecycle. In this study, we found that the Arabidopsis thaliana cytoplasmic kinase AGC1.7 interacts with ADF7 in vitro and in vivo. AGC1.7 phosphorylates ADF7 at its Ser‐6, Ser‐103 and Ser‐104 residues in vitro, while replacing these residues with alanine promotes ADF7‐mediated actin depolymerization in vitro. Expression of the phosphorylation‐mimetic mutant protein ADF7S6/103/104D driven by the pollen‐specific LAT52 promoter fully rescues the defects in germination rate, silique length and seeds per silique in both adf7‐2 and agc1.5 agc1.7 (agcdm) mutants. Our data establish a model whereby AGC1.7‐mediated ADF7 phosphorylation plays an important role in pollen germination and pollen tube growth.