bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bismuth‐Based Coordination Polymers with Efficient Aggregation‐Induced Phosphorescence and Reversible Mechanochromic Luminescence
Authors: Toma Oksana , Allain Magali , Meinardi Francesco , Forni Alessandra , Botta Chiara , Mercier Nicolas 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTwo bismuth coordination polymers (CPs), (TBA)[BiBr4(bp4mo)] (TBA=tetrabutylammonium) and [BiBr3(bp4mo)2], which are based on the rarely used simple ditopic ligand N‐oxide‐4,4′‐bipyridine (bp4mo), show mechanochromic luminescence (MCL). High solid‐state phosphorescence quantum yields of up to 85 % were determined for (TBA)[BiBr4(bp4mo)] (λem=540 nm). Thorough investigations of the luminescence properties combined with DFT and TDDFT calculations revealed that the emission is due to aggregation‐induced phosphorescence (AIP). Upon grinding, both samples became amorphous, and their luminescence changed from yellow to orange and red, respectively. Heating or exposure to water vapor led to the recovery of the initial luminescence. These materials are the first examples of mechanochromic phosphors based on bismuth(III).
Catalytic Asymmetric Inverse‐Electron‐Demand 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of C,N‐Cyclic Azomethine Imines with Azlactones: Access to Chiral Tricyclic Tetrahydroisoquinolines
Authors: Liu Xihong , Wang Yijie , Yang Dongxu , Zhang Jinlong , Liu Dongsheng , Su Wu 
Published: May 2016

AbstractReported herein is a bifunctional‐organocatalyst‐mediated enantioselective inverse‐electron‐demand 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of C,N‐cyclic azomethine imines with azlactones. The strategy provides concise access to enantioenriched C1‐substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines featuring a pyrazolidinone scaffold. Moreover, the scalability and practical utility of this protocol was well demonstrated by employing a gram‐scale reaction and some representative transformations.
Self‐Construction from 2D to 3D: One‐Pot Layer‐by‐Layer Assembly of Graphene Oxide Sheets Held Together by Coordination Polymers
Authors: Zakaria Mohamed B. , Li Cuiling , Ji Qingmin , Jiang Bo , Tominaka Satoshi , Ide Yusuke , Hill Jonathan P. , Ariga Katsuhiko , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDeposition of Ni‐based cyanide bridged coordination polymer (NiCNNi) flakes onto the surfaces of graphene oxide (GO) sheets, which allows precise control of the resulting lamellar nanoarchitecture by in situ crystallization, is reported. GO sheets are utilized as nucleation sites that promote the optimized crystal growth of NiCNNi flakes. The NiCNNi‐coated GO sheets then self‐assemble and are stabilized as ordered lamellar nanomaterials. Regulated thermal treatment under nitrogen results in a Ni3C–GO composite with a similar morphology to the starting material, and the Ni3C–GO composite exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic activity and excellent durability for the oxygen reduction reaction.
Controlled Growth of a Hierarchical Nickel Carbide “Dandelion” Nanostructure
Authors: Qiao Liang , Zhao Wenxia , Qin Yueling , Swihart Mark T. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe present a new type of highly hierarchical but nonporous nanostructure with a unique “dandelion” morphology. Based on the time evolution of these Ni3C nanostructures, we suggest a mechanism for their formation. This type of hierarchical nanocrystal, with high accessible specific surface area in a relatively large (ca. 750 nm overall diameter) stable structure, can be valuable in catalysis and related applications.
In situ fibrillation of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) in polyolefin elastomer through multistage stretching extrusion
Authors: Dong Jiahao , Qi Yuanhui , Sun Jing , Wei Liangqiang , Qin Shuhao 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTPolyolefin elastomer (POE)/poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) microfibrillar composites (MFCs) were successfully fabricated by multistage stretching extrusion with an assembly of laminating‐multiplying elements (LMEs). The morphologies of these novel materials were greatly influenced by the compositions. The number of microfibrils increased with increasing PTT concentration, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy. The tensile strength was the highest along the extrusion direction at the weight ratio of 85/15. Moreover, dynamic rheological results showed that the storage modulus, loss modulus, and complex viscosity were the highest while the tan δ was the lowest for MFCs prepared at the weight ratio 85/15 compared with the neat POE, especially at low frequency (ω < 1 rad/s). In addition, the PTT microfibrils had more effect on the rheological properties compared to the PTT particles. However, the differences became negligible at high frequency (ω > 100 rad/s). © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43797.
Effect of norbornyl modified soybean oil on CB‐filled chloroprene rubber
Authors: Li Jiaxi , Isayev Avraam I. , Ren Xiaofeng , Soucek Mark D. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTCarbon black (CB)‐filled chloroprene rubber (CR) compounds and vulcanizates containing naphthenic oil (NO), soybean oil (SO), and two different levels of norbornyl modified soybean oil (MSO) were prepared and investigated. The MSO was prepared through the reaction of SO and dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) at different ratios. Various properties including gel fraction, crosslink density, bound rubber fraction, curing behavior, thermal, mechanical, and aging properties of CB‐filled CR containing different oils were compared. It was observed that the addition of SO and MSO could benefit the dispersion of the filler, lower the glass transition temperature, and increase the thermal stability of the CB‐filled CR/MSO compounds and vulcanizates, and also slightly decrease the crosslink density of the CB‐filled CR/MSO vulcanizates compared to that of the CR/NO vulcanizate. With the increase of the modification level of the MSO, the curing time of the CB‐filled CR/MSO compounds was found to be decreased, the tensile property, tear strength, abrasion resistance, and aging resistance of the CB‐filled CR/MSO vulcanizates were improved compared with those of the CB‐filled CR/NO vulcanizate. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43809.
Re‐entrant transition of aluminum‐crosslinked partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide in a high salinity solvent by rheology and NMR
Authors: Sultan Kedir Abduljelil , Seland John Georg , Skauge Arne , Skauge Tormod 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTLinked polymer solution (LPS) is a nanoparticle polymer and designed by crosslinking a high molecular weight partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) with aluminum (III). It has been applied in the oil industry to enhance oil recovery by improving sweep efficiency and by microscopic diversion in porous media. To achieve good propagation properties, aggregates formed by intermolecular crosslinking and gel formation should be avoided. To our knowledge, there is no established method to distinguish between intra‐ and intermolecular crosslinking for high molecular weight (>10 × 106 Da), low concentration (<1000 ppm), polydisperse solutions of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamides in high salinity solvents (5 wt % NaCl). The high salinity solvent is relevant to represent for formation water in many oil reservoirs. The main objective of the present study is to establish an experimental method for determining phase transition of LPS from monomeric coiled state to aggregated state in a high salinity solvent. No single experimental methods are conclusive and we have therefore applied a combinatorics approach including two‐dimensional NMR, dynamic rheology, and UV spectroscopy. The different techniques show similar trends, which allow overall interpretations of phase transitions to be made. The experimental results indicated that the LPS solution at high salinity solvent underwent a phase transition by chain re‐expansion, called reentrant transition. The transition point was observed at addition of 100 ppm of Al3+. Higher concentrations of Al3+ suppressed the rate of reentrant transition, most likely because of intramolecular crosslinking of HPAM chains by Al3+. Intermolecular crosslinking reaction was not observed at these conditions. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43825.
Automatic Assembly of Ultra‐Multilayered Nanotube–Nanoparticle Composites
Authors: Fan Ruying , Li Jieling , Fei Jinbo , Zhao Jie , Wang Anhe , Sun Bingbing , Li Junbai 
Published: May 2016

AbstractNanotube–nanoparticle composites are fabricated by template‐directed automatic layer‐by‐layer assembly with the assistance of pressure. This assembly strategy above allows the facile construction of uniform complex nanostructures with ultra‐multilayers (≈200). Importantly, it takes much less time than conventional manual manipulation.
Synthesis and Structures of Triptycene‐Derived Oxacalixarenes with Expanded Cavities: Tunable and Switchable Complexation towards Bipyridinium Salts
Authors: Wang Han‐Xiao , Hu Shu‐Zhen , Meng Zheng , Han Ying , Chen Chuan‐Feng 
Published: May 2016

AbstractNew triptycene‐derived oxacalixarene H1 was efficiently synthesized by a template cyclization step, and anilino‐substituted macrocycle H2 was subsequently afforded through straightforward nucleophilic displacement of the active chlorine atom in H1. Oxacalixarene H1 adopts a fixed boat‐like 1,3‐alternate conformation and shows moderate complexation abilities towards various bipyridinium salts. However, the affinities of H2 towards the guests were found to be substantially stronger, which could be tentatively attributed to the additional hydrogen‐bonding site, π–π stacking site, and especially the increased electron richness of the host. Furthermore, the acid–base switchable complexation process between H1 and the bipyridinium salt was also realized, which could potentially facilitate the construction of high‐level stimuli‐responsive supramolecular structures based on the newly synthesized oxacalixarene.
Perovskite Photodetectors based on CH3NH3PbI3 Single Crystals
Authors: Qin Xiang , Yao Yifan , Dong Huanli , Zhen Yonggang , Jiang Lang , Hu Wenping 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAs very important light‐harvesting materials, organic–inorganic perovskites have showed an alluring prospect in optoelectronic devices. However, most of the perovskite devices, such as photodetectors reported recently, are based on the polycrystalline films of perovskites, and the large grain boundaries and amounts of defects existing in films are unfavorable for the further improvement of device performance. Herein, high‐quality single crystals of CH3NH3PbI3 were successfully prepared through a simple solution immersing method. The obtained CH3NH3PbI3 crystals showed the morphologies of nanowires and nanoplates, which were confirmed to belong to the same tetragonal phase. Both nanowire‐ and nanoplate‐based photodetectors exhibited improved performance over CH3NH3PbI3 polycrystalline thin films, with an on/off ratio approaching 103, which is one of the highest values reported so far for perovskite photodetectors.
Hydraulik der Schlitzöffnungen bei beckenartigen Fischaufstiegsanlagen
Authors: Helbig Ulf , Aigner Detlef , Stamm Jürgen 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie Durchgängigkeit bei Querbauwerken (z. B. Sohlrampen, Sohlstufen, Wehre, Staudämme) für die aquatische Fauna wird u. a. durch die EG‐Wasserrahmenrichtlinie zur Erreichung eines guten Zustands von Gewässern zwingend gefordert. Eine Möglichkeit zur Umsetzung bildet der Einsatz von beckenartigen Fischaufstiegsanlagen in Form von Schlitzpasskonstruktionen (z. B. klassische Bauart, Rundbeckenpass u. a.). Diese sind durch mindestens eine bis zur Beckensohle durchgehende Schlitzöffnung in der Trennwand zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Becken charakterisiert. Im Beitrag werden die konstruktiven und daraus folgend die hydraulischen Charakteristika diskutiert. Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf dem hydraulisch relevanten Schlitzbereich. Es werden vereinfachte und somit praktisch universell einsetzbare 1d‐Formelansätze für die Bestimmung der maßgeblichen Fließgeschwindigkeiten und des Dotationsabflusses vorgeschlagen. Die Durchströmung eines Schlitzes stellt dabei eine Kombination aus Überfall und seitlichem Ausfluss aus einem Becken dar.Hydraulics of vertical slots in fish passesThe passage of fish of artificial obstructions (e. g. weirs, dams) is explicitly demanded by the EU‐Water Framework Directive in order to achieve good biological connectivity and therefore good conditions for the concerned water bodies. The usage of fish passes with tanks and slots (e. g. classic vertical‐slot‐pass, meander‐type fish pass) is a possible solution. This design variant of fish ladders is characterised by at least one continuous slot in a divide wall between two neighbouring tanks. The paper offers a discussion about the design criteria and the essential hydraulic characteristics. Thereby the slot‐opening sector represents the centrepiece. Simplified and universally applicable approaches for determining the significant flow velocities and discharges are proposed. It needs to be noted that the flow in a slot can be handled as the combined result of overfall and lateral outlet.
Evaluating the effectiveness of a practical inquiry‐based learning bioinformatics module on undergraduate student engagement and applied skills
Authors: Brown James A. L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA pedagogic intervention, in the form of an inquiry‐based peer‐assisted learning project (as a practical student‐led bioinformatics module), was assessed for its ability to increase students’ engagement, practical bioinformatic skills and process‐specific knowledge. Elements assessed were process‐specific knowledge following module completion, qualitative student‐based module evaluation and the novelty, scientific validity and quality of written student reports. Bioinformatics is often the starting point for laboratory‐based research projects, therefore high importance was placed on allowing students to individually develop and apply processes and methods of scientific research. Students led a bioinformatic inquiry‐based project (within a framework of inquiry), discovering, justifying and exploring individually discovered research targets. Detailed assessable reports were produced, displaying data generated and the resources used. Mimicking research settings, undergraduates were divided into small collaborative groups, with distinctive central themes. The module was evaluated by assessing the quality and originality of the students’ targets through reports, reflecting students’ use and understanding of concepts and tools required to generate their data. Furthermore, evaluation of the bioinformatic module was assessed semi‐quantitatively using pre‐ and post‐module quizzes (a non‐assessable activity, not contributing to their grade), which incorporated process‐ and content‐specific questions (indicative of their use of the online tools). Qualitative assessment of the teaching intervention was performed using post‐module surveys, exploring student satisfaction and other module specific elements. Overall, a positive experience was found, as was a post module increase in correct process‐specific answers. In conclusion, an inquiry‐based peer‐assisted learning module increased students’ engagement, practical bioinformatic skills and process‐specific knowledge. © 2016 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 44:304–313 2016.
Genome‐wide analysis of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression in colorectal cancer tissues from patients with liver metastasis
Authors: Chen Dong , Sun Qiang , Cheng Xiaofei , Zhang Lufei , Song Wei , Zhou Dongkai , Lin Jianjiang , Wang Weilin 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe liver is the most frequent site of metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC), in which long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may play a crucial role. In this study, we performed a genome‐wide analysis of lncRNA expression to identify novel targets for the further study of liver metastasis in CRC. Samples obtained from CRC patients were analyzed using Arraystar human 8 × 60K lncRNA/mRNA v3.0 microarrays chips to find differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs. The results were confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). The differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were identified through fold change filtering. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway analyses were performed using standard enrichment computational methods. In the CRC tissues from patients with liver metastasis, 2636 lncRNAs were differentially expressed, including 1600 up‐regulated and 1036 down‐regulated over two‐fold compared with the CRC tissues without metastasis. Among the 1584 differentially expressed mRNAs, 548 were up‐regulated and 1036 down‐regulated. GO and pathway analysis of the up‐regulated and down‐regulated mRNAs yielded different results. The up‐regulated mRNAs were associated with single‐organism process (biological process), membrane part (cellular component), and transporter activity (molecular function), whereas the down‐regulated mRNAs were associated with cellular process, membrane, and binding, respectively. In the pathway analysis, 27 gene pathways associated with the up‐regulated mRNAs and 51 gene pathways associated with the down‐regulated mRNAs were targeted. The significant changes in NQO2 (NM_000904) mRNA and six associated lncRNAs were selected for validation by qRT‐PCR. Aberrantly expressed lncRNAs may play an important role in the liver metastasis of CRC. The further study can provide useful insights into the biology and, ultimately, the prevention of liver metastasis.
Proton beam therapy for pediatric malignancies: a retrospective observational multicenter study in Japan
Authors: Mizumoto Masashi , Murayama Shigeyuki , Akimoto Tetsuo , Demizu Yusuke , Fukushima Takashi , Ishida Yuji , Oshiro Yoshiko , Numajiri Haruko , Fuji Hiroshi , Okumura Toshiyuki , Shirato Hiroki , Sakurai Hideyuki 
Published: May 2016

AbstractRecent progress in the treatment for pediatric malignancies using a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy has improved survival. However, late toxicities of radiotherapy are a concern in long‐term survivors. A recent study suggested reduced secondary cancer and other late toxicities after proton beam therapy (PBT) due to dosimetric advantages. In this study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of PBT for pediatric patients treated in Japan. A retrospective observational study in pediatric patients who received PBT was performed. All patients aged <20 years old who underwent PBT from January 1983 to August 2014 at four sites in Japan were enrolled in the study. There were 343 patients in the study. The median follow‐up periods were 22.6 months (0.4–374.3 months) for all patients and 30.6 months (0.6–374.3 months) for survivors. The estimated 1‐, 3‐, 5‐, and 10‐year survival rates were 82.7% (95% CI: 78.5–87.0%), 67.4% (61.7–73.2%), 61.4% (54.8–67.9%), and 58.7% (51.5–65.9%), respectively. Fifty‐two events of toxicity ≥ grade 2 occurred in 43 patients. Grade 4 toxicities of myelitis, visual loss (two cases), cerebral vascular disease, and tissue necrosis occurred in five patients. This study provides preliminary results for PBT in pediatric patients in Japan. More experience and follow‐up with this technique are required to establish the efficacy of PBT in this patient population.
Real‐time facial expression transfer with single video camera
Authors: Liu Shuang , Yang Xiaosong , Wang Zhao , Xiao Zhidong , Zhang Jianjun 
Published: May 2016

AbstractFacial expression transfer has been actively researched in the past few years. Existing methods either suffer from depth ambiguity or require special hardware. We present a novel marker‐less, real‐time facial transfer method that requires only a single video camera. We develop a robust model, which is adaptive to user‐specific facial data. It computes expression variances in real time and rapidly transfers them onto a target character either from images or videos. Our method can be applied to videos without prior camera calibration and focal adjustment. It enables realistic online facial expression editing and performance transferring in many scenarios such as video conference, news broadcasting, lip‐syncing for song performances and so on. With low computational cost and hardware requirement, our method tracks a single user at an average of 38fps and runs smoothly even in web browsers. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DNA‐Templated Introduction of an Aldehyde Handle in Proteins
Authors: Kodal Anne Louise B. , Rosen Christian B. , Mortensen Michael R. , Tørring Thomas , Gothelf Kurt V. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMany medical and biotechnological applications rely on protein labeling, but a key challenge is the production of homogeneous and site‐specific conjugates. This can rarely be achieved by simple residue‐specific random labeling, but generally requires genetic engineering. Using site‐selective DNA‐templated reductive amination, we created DNA–protein conjugates with control over labeling stoichiometry and without genetic engineering. A guiding DNA strand with a metal‐binding functionality facilitates site‐selectivity by directing the coupling of a second reactive DNA strand in the vicinity of a protein metal‐binding site. We demonstrate DNA‐templated reductive amination for His6‐tagged proteins and metal‐binding proteins, including IgG1 antibodies. We also used a cleavable linker between the DNA and the protein to remove the DNA and introduce a single aldehyde on the protein. This functions as a handle for further modifications with desired labels. In addition to directing the aldehyde positioning, the DNA provides a straightforward route for purification between reaction steps.
Water Effect on Secondary Nucleation of the β‐Form on the Surface of the α‐Form of L‐Glutamic Acid
Authors: Liang Shanshan , Duan Xuezhi , Zhang Xiangyang , Qian Gang , Zhou Xinggui 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe role of water in the secondary nucleation of the stable β‐form of L‐glutamic acid (L‐Glu) on three typical surfaces of the metastable α‐form is investigated via molecular dynamics simulation. Comparing the simulation results on the surfaces in contact with solution with those on the surfaces in vacuum, it is obvious that water molecules do not cause any change in the order of the adsorption energies for the solute molecules on the three surfaces, but reduce the absolute values of the adsorption energies with the extent increasing in the order of {011} < {111} < {001} and retard the clustering behavior of solute molecules with the same order. Water molecules also weaken the inductive effects of the surfaces on the conformational change of α‐ to β‐form. In general, the impact of water on secondary nucleation of the β‐form on the surfaces of the α‐form investigated here could provide a better understanding of the polymorphic transformation of L‐Glu in solution.