bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Makes a Liveable Neighborhood? Role of Socio-Demographic, Dwelling, and Environmental Factors and Participation in Finnish Urban and Suburban Areas
Authors: Pasanen Tytti P. , Lanki Timo , Siponen Taina , Turunen Anu W. , Tiittanen Pekka , Heikinheimo Vuokko , Tiitu Maija , Viinikka Arto , Halonen Jaana I. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractQuality of residential area, or neighborhood, is one determinant of overall quality of life and associated with health and health behavior. Ensuring that urban and suburban neighborhoods remain liveable and comfortable to reside in is a challenge amidst growing urbanization. Neighborhood quality has been associated with socio-demographic, dwelling-related, and subjective and objective neighborhood factors. However, only a few studies have additionally included participation in neighborhood decision-making and examined whether these associations are stronger among residents who are more settled in the neighborhood. We examined whether subjectively and objectively measured environmental factors and participation are associated with perception of neighborhood liveability and possible effect moderators. We analyzed survey data collected in 2021 among adults (aged 18–97) living in suburbs and urban centers in five Finnish cities (n = 2057; response rate 34%) with logistic regression models. Almost 80% of the respondents perceived their neighborhood as liveable or very liveable. The following factors were most strongly associated with perceiving the neighborhood as liveable: low area-level socioeconomic deprivation; central urban zone; green view from home; satisfaction with neighborhood safety, green areas, blue areas, and maintenance of traffic routes; and good or very good possibilities to influence decisions regarding the neighborhood. Only a few interactions between indicators of being more settled in the neighborhood (e.g., age group and dwelling ownership) modified these associations. In all, our study suggests that to maintain liveability, urban or community planning should consider local residents’ favorable perceptions of safety, recreational areas, and engagement in decision-making.
The cultural underpinnings of transnegativity: Understanding the role of traditionality and modernity in the contemporary Chinese context
Authors: Wang Iris Yili , Chan Randolph C. H. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPrejudice and discrimination against transgender and gender diverse individuals are pervasive in contemporary Chinese societies. However, there remains a limited understanding of the factors and processes contributing to transnegativity in this context. Building upon theoretical and empirical literature suggesting that traditional beliefs in Chinese culture may fuel transnegativity, the present study aimed to investigate the influence of traditionality and modernity on transnegativity. Employing a two-wave longitudinal design, the study explored the mechanisms underlying the relationships between traditionality, modernity, and transnegativity. A total of 373 participants were included in this study. More than 40% expressed skepticism toward individuals who identify outside the traditional binary categories of woman or man. The results indicated that traditionality was indirectly associated with higher levels of transnegativity over time, mediated by a stronger endorsement of traditional gender role beliefs and the internalization of gender norms, after controlling for baseline levels of transnegativity. Similarly, the negative association between modernity and transnegativity was mediated by traditional gender role beliefs and the internalization of gender norms. These findings offer valuable insights for researchers and practitioners working to eradicate transnegativity in China. The study underscores the importance of considering the influences of traditionality and modernity within Chinese culture when designing educational programs and awareness campaigns to address transnegativity effectively.
Next generation of drugs in breast cancer
Authors: Bartsch Rupert 
Published: October 2024

SummaryIn hormone receptor (HR)-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer, first-line therapy consisting of endocrine treatment and a CDK4/6-inhibitor is the standard-of-care. Despite prolonged disease control, patients will eventually progress and require further lines of treatment. Elacestrant is the only oral selective estrogen receptor degrader currently approved, with several other drugs of this class under clinical development alone or in combination with targeted agents. Other approaches of HR-targeting include novel selective estrogen-receptor modulators such as lasofoxifene. While drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway combined with endocrine therapy have been proven active, their broad clinical use has been hampered by relevant toxicity. This may change with inavolisib, a selective PIK3CA inhibitor with improved safety profile. In HER2-positive metastatic disease, identifying the optimal treatment approach for patients progressing on prior trastuzumab deruxtecan is currently the most relevant clinical challenge. Novel approaches under clinical investigation include biparatopic antibodies such as zanidatamab or next-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as ZN-1041 or zongertinib. Next-generation PARP1-specific PARP inhibitors may have a broader therapeutic margin and improved clinical activity. Finally, a plethora of novel antibody–drugs conjugates is under clinical development, including the TROP2-directed sacituzumab tirumotecan and HER3-targeting patritumab deruxtecan. This short review summarizes results of promising drugs for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer with a focus on compounds in later clinical development.
Mitigating social bias in sentiment classification via ethnicity-aware algorithmic design
Authors: Corizzo Roberto , Hafner Franziska Sofia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Sentiment analysis tools are frequently employed to analyze large amounts of natural language data gathered from social networks and generate valuable insights on public opinion. Research has discovered that these tools tend to be biased against some demographic groups, based on social attributes such as gender, age, and ethnicity. Sentiment classification works dealt with this issue by means of data balancing and algorithmic approaches. However, one crucial limitation of existing methods is the inability to tackle social bias while maintaining satisfactory model performance. In this paper, we aim to fill this gap by proposing a sentiment classification method that entails ethnicity-aware algorithmic design. Specifically, our method involves balanced training and a custom ethnicity-aware loss function that leverages ethnicity group information to foster a fair model optimization process. The proposed loss incentivizes the model to iteratively improve accuracy for currently underperforming demographic or social groups, therefore simultaneously decreasing social bias and boosting overall performance. Our extensive qualitative and quantitative experimental evaluation involving a large corpus of user reviews demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method, also when compared to popular baselines for sentiment classification.
Computergestütztes Curriculumsmonitoring an Hochschulen
Authors: Marti Stephan 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob an Hochschulen und Universitäten unter Rückgriff auf frameanalytische Verfahrensweisen und unter Verwendung von formalisierten Dokumenten aus dem Ausbildungskontext ein computergestütztes Curriculumsmonitoring etabliert werden kann. Dazu wird in einem ersten Teil die Verbindung erläutert, wie unter frameanalytischer Perspektive die Aspekte ‚Qualitätsmanagement‘, ‚Curriculumsentwicklung‘, ‚Lehrentwicklung‘, ‚Ausbildungsframework‘ und ‚Ausbildungsframing‘ zusammenhängen. In einem zweiten Teil des Beitrags wird exemplarisch am Bildungs- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Curriculum der Pädagogischen Hochschule Luzern verdeutlicht, welchen Beitrag eine solche ‚Erziehungswissenschaftliche Frameanalyse‘ für ein computergestütztes Curriculumsmonitoring leisten möchte.
Discovering operational decisions from data—a framework supporting decision discovery from data
Authors: Leewis Sam , Smit Koen , Versendaal Johan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAnalyzing historical decision-related data can help support actual operational decision-making processes. Decision mining can be employed for such analysis. This paper proposes the Decision Discovery Framework (DDF) designed to develop, adapt, or select a decision discovery algorithm by outlining specific guidelines for input data usage, classifier handling, and decision model representation. This framework incorporates the use of Decision Model and Notation (DMN) for enhanced comprehensibility and normalization to simplify decision tables. The framework's efficacy was tested by adapting the C4.5 algorithm to the DM45 algorithm. The proposed adaptations include (1) the utilization of a decision log, (2) ensure an unpruned decision tree, (3) the generation DMN, and (4) normalize decision table. Future research can focus on supporting on practitioners in modeling decisions, ensuring their decision-making is compliant, and suggesting improvements to the modeled decisions. Another future research direction is to explore the ability to process unstructured data as input for the discovery of decisions.
Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Primary Prevention and Secondary Intervention Programs Aimed at Reducing Youth Misuse of Fire
Authors: Sambol Stjepan , Dadswell Kara , Collier Gabriel de Sena , Jones Mikayla , Pooley Kamarah , Rehm Imogen , Sharples Jenny , Ball Michelle 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNumerous intervention programs exist for youth misuse of fire, yet integrative reviews evaluating their effectiveness remain limited. This systematic review, conducted following PRISMA guidelines, included 21 studies (14 primary prevention and 7 secondary interventions) with a total of 4,735 youth. For primary prevention, N = 2,385 youth aged 3–11 years were included (944 males and 911 females), although one study did not specify its sample size, and six studies did not disclose participant gender. Secondary interventions included N = 2,350 youth aged 3–17 years (2,115 males and 235 females). Primary prevention programs demonstrated effectiveness in increasing children’s fire safety skills and knowledge, especially when interactive and consistently reinforced. However, digital education programs without corrective feedback often led to misinterpretation. Secondary education-based interventions showed limited effectiveness in reducing recidivism rates. Notably, cognitive behavioral therapy was found to be effective for youth who often present with deeper-rooted causes of firesetting, although these findings derived from a single study. The existing literature is insufficient to identify how demographic factors impact primary prevention and secondary intervention outcomes, highlighting the need for methodologically rigorous research. Whilst primary prevention shows consistent evidence in increasing fire safety knowledge, more evidence is required to identify effective secondary intervention practices.
Understanding COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among the General Population in Japan from Public Health Ethical Perspectives: Findings from a Narrative Review
Authors: Kuroda Moe , Ahmed Md Koushik , Kuroda Kaku , Lane Sandra D. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Japan has been reported as a country with high levels of vaccine hesitancy. However, a lack of comprehensive reviews studying factors for vaccine hesitancy for the COVID-19 vaccines in the Japanese context from the perspective of ethical controversy exists. Using a narrative review method, we reviewed factors associated with vaccine hesitancy to the COVID-19 vaccines and examined issues related to ethical controversy among the Japanese population. Factors associated with vaccine hesitancy include concerns about vaccine safety, suspicion of vaccine inefficacy, mistrust of the government, and low perceived threat. Factors associated with vaccine acceptance include environmental factors, factors related to Japanese cultural values, including collectivism and social norms, and positive attitudes toward information provided by authorities. Unique backgrounds in Japan are historical events such as the anti-HPV vaccine campaigns, the accessible medical system fostering high expectations of zero risk, and cultural factors of caring social norms influencing vaccine acceptance. Ethical controversies arise from preferences and practices at the individual or national level around individual rights versus public health benefits. Healthcare professionals and public health experts should continue dialoguing with the critical mass, practitioners, and policymakers, considering the ethical dilemmas surrounding individual rights and public health benefits. Insights obtained from this study indicate the need to develop tailored strategies to enhance vaccine acceptance while respecting individual autonomy within the Japanese context.
Wellbeing of the older individuals in East Asia
Authors: Ichimura Hidehiko , Lei Xiaoyan , Lee Chulhee , Lee Jinkook , Park Albert , Sawada Yasuyuki 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRapid demographic transition in East Asia has resulted in “super” aging. Because of steadily decreasing fertility and increasing life expectancy, the proportion of older individuals in the population and the old-age dependency ratio are rising across all East Asian countries, particularly China, the Republic of Korea, and Japan. This study empirically investigated the well-being of older individuals in these three countries using comparable micro-level data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, Korean Longitudinal Study on Aging, and Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement. Specifically, we examined the depressive symptoms scale as a measure of well-being and estimated the impact of four broad categories: demographic; economic; family-social; and health. The decomposition-and-simulation analyses reveal that although differences in the characteristics of older individuals in the three countries among countries explain many differences in mean depression rates, there remain significant differences across countries, which cannot be explained. Even after considering multiple factors, the study found that older individuals in Korea were more likely to be depressed than those in China or Japan.
Multi-layered factors contribute to irrational use of antibiotics among pediatric patients in Tanzania: ADDO dispensers perspective
Authors: Kibwana Upendo O. , Maganda Betty A. , Mikomangwa Wigilya P. , Mutagonda Ritah , Myemba David T. , Nkinda Lilian , Mwakawanga Dorkasi L. , Ndayishimiye Pacifique , Njiro Belinda J. , Ndumwa Harrieth P. , Marealle Alphonce I. , Mlyuka Hamu J. , Felix Fatuma F. , Kilonzi Manase , Sambayi Godfrey , Makuka Gerald J. , Kubigwa Samson W. , Kunambi Peter P. , Sirili Nathanael , Mfaume Rashid , Nshau Arapha Bashir , Bwire George M. , Nyankesha Elevanie , Scherpbier Robert 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major public health problem affecting both current and future generations. Development of resistance to the commonly available antibiotics has been directly linked to their irrational use. The World Health Organization (WHO) has clearly stated on the Global Strategy on AMR, judicious antibiotic use as well as adequate knowledge and awareness about AMR, as important tools in curbing the existing problem. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the level of knowledge among accredited drug dispensing outlet (ADDO) dispensers on factors contributing to irrational use of antibiotics among Tanzanian pediatric patients.

Methods
A qualitative study employing focused group discussions was conducted among 6–10 ADDO dispensers with at least 6 months dispensing experience in 14 regions between July and August 2020. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.

Results
Findings from this study indicate that the ADDO dispensers have adequate knowledge on antimicrobial resistance. Participants were aware of the general meaning and the use of antimicrobials. They were aware that antimicrobials are used for treating infections caused by microbes such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Participants knew AMR increases health related costs and that the increasing burden of AMR is not an outcome of a specific group of people such as health care providers or patients, rather a contribution of many factors that bring change in microorganism behavior. Despite this knowledge, participants felt that most of the private health care facilities are profit-oriented; they practice polypharmacy to maximize profit rather than focusing on providing quality health services. Participants revealed that dose shortage after symptomatic relief strongly contributes to AMR. Lastly, the ADDO dispensers expressed that continuous medical education and community education to patients is necessary in the efforts to fight against AMR.

Conclusions
To mitigate the increasing AMR burden in our society, integrated interventions must include both communities, ADDOs as first point of contact and other healthcare providers. Periodic refresher training with an emphasis on proper practices is crucial to help the dispensers transform their knowledge into action. Responsible authorities should ensure that ADDOs and other private health care facilities adhere to regulations.
Logical Akrasia
Authors: Andersen Frederik J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The aim of this paper is threefold. Firstly, sections 1 and 2 introduce the novel concept logical akrasia by analogy to epistemic akrasia. If successful, the initial sections will draw attention to an interesting akratic phenomenon which has not received much attention in the literature on akrasia (although it has been discussed by logicians in different terms). Secondly, sections 3 and 4 present a dilemma related to logical akrasia. From a case involving the consistency of Peano Arithmetic and Gödel's Second Incompleteness Theorem, it's shown that either we must be agnostic about the consistency of Peano Arithmetic or akratic in our arithmetical theorizing. If successful, these sections will underscore the pertinence and persistence of akrasia in arithmetic (by appeal to Gödel's seminal work). Thirdly, section 5 concludes by suggesting a way of translating the Dilemma of Arithmetical Akrasia into a case of regular epistemic akrasia; and further how one might try to escape the dilemma when it's framed this way.
Interactions between autistics and healthy children and their parents in emotional availability: a comparative study
Authors: Ustun Gullu Belgin , Oztop Didem Behice , Umutlu Aydin Eda , Ors Baris , Cikili Uytun Merve , Yurumez Esra 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this study, we assessed the interactions of mothers and fathers with their children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in terms of emotional availability (EA) and compared them with the interactions of healthy controls. Children, aged 13–60 months and applied to the Infant Mental Health Unit between January 2019 and March 2021 and their parents without any clinical diagnosis, were included. The EA levels of mothers and fathers of the autistic group, which included 30 boys and 13 girls, and those of the control group, which included 10 boys and 10 girls, were compared. According to the results obtained, it was determined that the EA levels of mothers and fathers of healthy controls were not different; however, the mothers were more sensitive and better in structuring the content of play compared with the fathers in the ASD group. It was noted that the fathers of children with ASD were more hostile than the mothers. EA should be taken as a criterion to determine the intensity and content of treatment, particularly in ASD. Additionally, increased awareness of fathers in EA may provide better results in the intervention process.
Effectiveness of a family violence prevention program on mental health outcomes for adult men and women in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo: Insights from a pilot trial
Authors: Balachander Manya , Hategekimana Ndiyunze Jean de Dieu , Roth Danielle , Asghar Khudejha , Bourey Christine , Falb Kathryn L. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has faced dual burdens of poor mental health and heightened levels of violence against women and children within the home. Interventions addressing family violence prevention may offer a path to mitigate mental distress within the eastern DRC. This exploratory analysis uses data from a pilot cluster randomized controlled trial conducted in North Kivu, DRC, assessing the impact of Safe at Home, a violence prevention intervention. Mental health was assessed at endline using the Patient Health Questionnaire-4. Statistical analyses employed multilevel linear regression.
Assuming successful randomization, impact of the Safe at Home intervention on mental health differed by participant gender. Women enrolled in the Safe at Home intervention reported statistically significant decreases in mental distress symptoms [β (95%CI) = −1.01 (−1.85, −0.17)], whereas men enrolled in Safe at Home had similar scores in mental distress to the control group [β (95%CI) = −0.12 (−1.32, 1.06)].
Ultimately, this exploratory analysis provides evidence of the potential for a family violence prevention model to improve women’s mental health in a low-resource, conflict-affected setting, although further research is needed to understand the impact on men’s mental health.
Trends in adult mortality rates in India, 1970 to 2018: age–period–cohort analysis
Authors: Misra Sheuli , Singh Akansha , Goli Srinivas , James K.S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHigh premature adult deaths in developing countries are gaining attention, as recent studies show their increasing impact on overall mortality rates. This paper has twofold objectives: firstly, it investigates the long-term trends and patterns of adult mortality between 1970 and 2018 in India. Secondly, it attempts to detect age, period, and cohort (APC) effects on adult mortality decline over time. Data on age-specific mortality rates and disease-adjusted life years for adult age groups (15–59 years) were collected from the Sample Registration System and the Global Burden of Disease study, respectively. The trends in age-standardized mortality rates were presented graphically, and critical change points were highlighted using a change-point analysis. The intrinsic estimator model was applied to estimate the independent effects of APC on adult mortality. The findings revealed that adult mortality declined between 1970 and 2018 with multiple critical change points. The APC effects showed a notable decline in adult mortality during 2005–2018 and for the recent birth cohorts, 1980–2004. However, the rate of mortality declined slowly over time. Results also indicated that mortality started increasing from mid-adult ages and peaked in older adult ages due to the age effects and provided evidence of a rise in adult life loss due to non-communicable diseases in recent years. Overall, the study underscores the importance of implementing health policies aimed at reducing life loss in the most economically active ages that can have long-term negative implications for the country’s economic growth.