bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomass fuel quality from Eucalyptus species in short rotation systems
Authors: Resquin Fernando , Carrasco-Letelier Leonidas , Rachid-Casnati Cecilia , Tancredi Nestor , Hirigoyen Andrés 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Using biomass of forest origin to obtain solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels has demonstrated its potential both at an experimental level and in commercial situations. Where the composition of the biomass used affects the quality of the fuel produced, for example, in thermochemical processes; therefore, it is relevant to know the properties of the different biomass fractions of forest energy crops derived from the different species of Eucalyptus. This framework evaluated the energetic parameters of Eucalyptus benthamii, Eucalyptus dunnii, and Eucalyptus grandis planted at densities of 2220, 3330, 4440, and 6660 trees per hectare and evaluated 56 months after planting. In the wood of the stump, the essential density of the wood, the heating value, and the ash content were determined, with which the fuel value index was calculated. The wood, bark, and leaves and their elemental chemical composition and heating value were evaluated. These results were contrasted by analyzing the variance between species and plantation densities. In addition, models were developed and evaluated to estimate the heating value based on each biomass type's chemical composition. The results showed similarities between the biomass of different Eucalyptus species, the absence of effects due to planting density, and that the carbon, oxygen, and ash contents are essential for more excellent calorific value. The biomass of all species have an interesting potential for pyrolysis and gasification processes, however E. grandis is the species that combines the best results. The prediction models for the heating value of the different biomass fractions have an attractive precision based on the elements above.
Geoinformatics-based prioritisation of natural resources rich regions at disaggregated levels for sustainable management
Authors: Ramachandra T V , Negi Paras 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Natural Resource Rich Regions (NRRRs) are ecologically and economically vital regions that support the livelihood of people through the sustained ecosystem process involving interaction among biotic and abiotic elements. Identifying NRRRs, considering spatially ecological, geo-climatic, biological, and social dimensions, would help in conservation planning and prudent management of natural resources as per the Biodiversity Act 2002, Government of India. Changes in the landscape structure would lead to alterations in the composition and health of these regions with irreversible changes in the ecosystem process, impacting the sustenance of natural resources. Landscape dynamics is assessed by classifying temporal remote sensing data using the supervised machine learning (ML) technique - Random Forest (R.F.) algorithm. Additionally, predicting likely land use changes in ecologically fragile areas would help formulate appropriate location-specific mitigation measures. Modeling likely land uses through the simulation of long-term spatial variations of complex patterns has been done through the CA-Markov model. Prioritization of NRRRs at disaggregated levels highlights that 12% of the total geographical area of the district is under NRRR 1 and NRRR 2, 54% of the total geographical area under NRRR 3, and the rest of the region under NRRR 4. The current study emphasizes the need for robust decision support systems to aid in effective policy formulation for conserving and restoring natural resources.
Novel Interacting Partners of MGP-40, a Chitinase-Like Protein in Buffalo Mammary Epithelial Cells
Authors: Anand Vijay , Jaswal Shalini , Jena Manoj Kumar , Kumar Sudarshan , Kaushik Jai Kumar , Mohanty Ashok Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to identify interacting protein partners for Mammary Gland Protein-40 (MGP-40), also known as CHI3L1. MGP-40 is a chitinase-like protein that plays significant roles in inflammation, cell proliferation, and tissue remodeling. It is highly expressed during the involution phase of the mammary gland and has been implicated in various biological processes, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and immune cell infiltration. Understanding the molecular mechanisms through which MGP-40 exerts its effects is crucial, particularly in the context of mammary gland physiology and pathology.
Methods and Results
Buffalo mammary epithelial cells (BuMECs) were transfected with pCIneo-MGP-40 to overexpress MGP-40. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) was performed using an anti-YKL-40 antibody to pull down MGP-40 and its interacting proteins. These proteins were then identified through mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF), and the expression of MGP-40 was confirmed by western blotting. Several interacting partners of MGP-40 were identified, including synaptotagmin-like 3 (SYTL3), Rab 19, RIB34A-like protein with coiled coils, and ATP synthase subunit g (ATP5MG). These interactions suggest novel roles for MGP-40 in vesicle trafficking, cytoskeletal organization, and energy metabolism. Notably, synaptotagmin-like 3 is involved in calcium-regulated exocytosis, crucial for vesicular trafficking and secretion, while Rab proteins regulate vesicle trafficking and are essential for maintaining cell polarity and function.
Conclusions
The identification of interacting partners highlights the multifaceted roles of MGP-40 in mammary epithelial cells, extending beyond its known functions in inflammation and tissue remodeling. These findings provide new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of MGP-40 and its potential impact on mammary gland physiology and pathology, particularly during lactation. Further studies are needed to explore the physiological relevance of these interactions and their implications for milk production and mammary gland health.
Visualization of Structural Deformation of Polymer Additives in Oil Under High Shear Flow
Authors: Kusumoto Tatsuya , Kasai Moritsugu , Takenaka Mikihito 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Using a powerful synchrotron radiation X-ray source, we developed a cell that can perform Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) measurements under high shear (~ 105 s− 1 ). We successfully and quantitatively visualized the deformation of polymer chains as polymer additives in oil under high shear. We found that poly(alkylmethacrylate) (PMA) with the lowest molecular weight was not deformed by the shear flow and did not show the shear thinning behavior. On the other hand, the other PMAs were deformed and exhibited shear-thinning behaviors. The correlation suggests that the shear thinning behaviors are caused by the elongation of polymer chains under shear. The shear thinning behaviors moderate the temperature dependence of the viscosity at a higher shear rate. We, thus, need to consider the effects of the deformation of the polymer on the effectiveness of modifiers at high molecular weight.
Research on fuel cell stack consistency based on multi-model and multi-dimensional simulation
Authors: Feng Yong , chen juexiao , Lu Siyu , Liu Ziran , gu ziheng , shi lei , wei ding 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In fuel cells, disparities in individual cell performance can significantly impact various aspects of the overall system, including uneven energy output, accelerated aging, poor system stability, and decreased safety. Hence, enhancing the balance within fuel cells holds paramount importance. Accordingly, this study utilized Matlab and COMSOL to establish a 1D model of the fuel cell stack and a 3D model of individual cells for combined simulation. The aim was to analyze performance discrepancies between individual cells arising from flow distribution issues, investigate how flow rates affect individual cell performance, and ultimately, improve fuel utilization by optimizing individual cell flow channel dimensions. This optimization aimed to address performance deficiencies caused by insufficient gas supply. The research findings indicate that pre-optimization and post-optimization of flow field dimensions, the performance of cells experiencing insufficient gas supply (at the lowest inlet flow rate) improved by 5.59%. Increasing the inlet flow rate enhances individual cell performance, although the degree of performance change gradually decreases with increasing flow rates. Post flow channel optimization, the performance disparity between cells experiencing the maximum and minimum inlet flow rates decreased by 7.7%, consequently improving the overall balance of the stack by 67.3%.
Exploring Novel Inhibitors for Babesia bigemina Lactate Dehydrogenase: A Computational Structural Biology Perspective
Authors: Bostancioglu Safiye Merve , Mutlu Ozal 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Babesia bigemina is an apicomplexan parasite and causes “Texas fever” in bovines. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an essential enzyme in regulating anaerobic metabolism. The presence of five amino acid insertion in the active site of many apicomplexan LDH makes a significant difference between the parasitic LDH and the host counterpart. Therefore, apicomplexan LDH is an attractive drug target. In this study, a structure-based drug discovery approach was performed to find novel inhibitor candidates. In the first round, possible candidates were identified by following the virtual screening workflow. Then, the compounds with favourable docking scores were filtered using the QM-polarized ligand docking and induced fit docking methods. As a result, 20 novel compounds that bind to the active site of the BbigLDH and have low affinity with the host LDHs have been identified. Molecular dynamics simulations of the complexes (in total 8.8 µs) were performed and binding free energies were calculated. In conclusion, compounds named C09, C16 and C18 deserve further investigation to better understand their potential therapeutic effects on babesiosis. The findings of this study, elucidating the structural properties of BbigLDH enzyme and discovering its potential inhibitors, might pave the way for further research in developing LDH-targeted therapeutic interventions.
Design a multilevel inverter with a minimized switch count utilizing a modified H-bridge configuration
Authors: Sarathkumar D , Raj Raymon Antony 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The proposed paper introduces an innovative approach to enhance the efficiency and performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems through the design and investigation of a 15-level multilevel inverter. This inverter topology utilizes a modified H-bridge configuration with 12 switches, aimed at improving voltage control, reducing harmonic distortion, and enabling efficient power conversion. By employing this modified H-bridge architecture, the inverter can achieve 15 distinct voltage levels, which allows for precise control of the output waveform.
The design focuses on optimizing the modulation strategy to manage the switching of the 12 switches effectively, minimizing switching losses, and ensuring an efficient energy conversion process. The resulting voltage levels contribute to better output waveform quality and reduced total harmonic distortion. Additionally, the proposed topology is scalable and adaptable, making it suitable for various applications, including grid-connected PV systems, motor drives, and uninterruptible power supplies (UPS).
The advantages of the modified H-bridge configuration, such as reduced module count and enhanced controllability, contribute to the practicality and feasibility of the suggested inverter topology. Achieving 15 voltage levels with a limited number of switches underscores its applicability and appeal for renewable energy integration and other relevant power electronics applications. Further experimental validation and real-world implementation are recommended to substantiate the theoretical findings and validate the practical advantages of the proposed inverter topology.
Genomic and phenotypic safety assessment of probiotic Bacillus subtilis DC-11 isolated from traditionally fermented Idli Batter
Authors: Chaudhari Deepti N. , Ahire Jayesh J. , Kulthe Amit A. , Ghodke Sujata 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In this study, we reported genomic and phenotypic safety assessment of probiotic Bacillus subtilis DC-11 isolated from traditionally fermented Idli Batter. The strain was evaluated for probiotic properties, biofilm formation, and antimicrobial compound production. The phenotypic safety was determined by accessing the strain’s ability to produce enterotoxins, degrade mucin, and antibiotic sensitivity. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to identify the strain and determine genetic safety by analyzing the presence of plasmids, antibiotic resistance genes, and virulence factors. In the results, B. subtilis DC-11 showed 88.98% viability in gastric juice, and 98.60% viability in intestinal juice. It showed 18.33 ± 0.44% autoaggregation, 32.53 ± 3.11% adhesion to xylene, 0.98 ± 0.05 OD unit’s adhesion to mucin (crystal violet equivalence at 550 nm), 21.2 ± 2.3% adhesion to Caco-2 cells, and − 22.3 ± 0.65 mV zeta potential. The highest co-aggregation was recorded with Escherichia coli (23.62 ± 0.70%). The strain was found negative for enterotoxin production, mucin degradation, and antibiotic resistance to the commonly used therapeutic antibiotics. It formed a good biofilm and capable of producing antimicrobial peptide subtilosin A with a molecular mass of 3400 Da. The peptide has inhibited the growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (18.6 ± 0.58 mm). In genetic safety, no plasmids, antibiotic-resistant genes, and virulence factors were detected. Moreover, the strain showed close similarity with B. subtilis ATCC 6051 and proteins involved in probiotic attributes. In conclusion, B. subtilis DC-11 is safe potential probiotic candidate.
Barium nitrate doped Itaconic acid single crystal: A promising third order NLO material for photonic applications
Authors: E Rajasekar , Balaji S , G Vinitha , P Gayathri , Vetrivel S , Gopinath S 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This research work discusses the effect of doping barium nitrate in itaconic acid on structural, thermal, and optical properties of the itaconic acid crystal. The single crystal of barium nitrate doped itaconic acid (BNIA) was grown by employing the slow evaporation solution growth technique. The investigation has been made by subjecting the title compound to various instrument techniques. The lattice parameters obtained from a single crystal differ from the parent crystal and confirm the formation of the titled crystal. The purity of the crystal is proven from powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Confirmation of the presence of functional groups was done by FTIR analysis. The dependence of hardness number on load indicates the hard nature of the material. The UV-vis-NIR transmission spectrum revealed that the grown crystal is optically transparent and has cut off length of 330 nm. From TGA/DTA investigations, it is observed that the BNIA crystals have thermal stability up to 170° C. The Z – scan technique was employed to understand the third order nonlinear optical nature of BNIA single crystals.
Improvement in growth, yield, and fruit quality of tomato by foliar application of humic and salicylic acids
Authors: Ride Rubyath Sharmin , Ahmed Salma , Monami Sadia Ahmed , Sarkar Md. Dulal 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Using plant biostimulants to enhance crop productivity and improve fruit quality is an effective, environmentally friendly approach. This research aimed to assess the effects of humic acid (HA) with salicylic acid (SA) on the growth metrics, yield, and fruit attributes of BARI Tomato 16. The current research was conducted with humic acid (H0: 0 mgL− 1, H1: 30 mgL− 1, H2: 60 mgL− 1, H3: 90 mgL− 1) and salicylic acid (S0: 0 mgL− 1, S1: 40 mgL− 1, S2: 80 mgL− 1, S3: 120 mgL− 1) were applied three times at 30, 70, & 90 days after transplanting. Their combined application increased the early flowering and fruiting of tomatoes by 17% and 12%, flower and fruit number by 60% and 40%, and total yield per hectare by 88% respectively to control. Additionally, the brix content, lycopene content, sodium content and vitamin C content resulted in a 10%, 9%, 48% and 48% increase respectively from the control groups. Based on this investigation, it is found that the simultaneous use of HA and SA enhanced production, fruit development, and nutritional content. Furthermore, the tomato plants subjected to a combination of humic and salicylic acids (90 mgL− 1 HA with 80 mgL− 1 SA) exhibited better effects than the other treatment groups.
Perceptions of psychological safety in high-containment laboratories: Mixed method survey of community members and industry experts
Authors: Sargent Moana , Sylvara Ashley , Klos Leah , Gallagher Jacob , Cabrera Kutina , Goff Molly , Luna Jesica , Clavijo Alfonso , Lee Jin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background In high-reliability organizations (HROs), where safety is paramount, psychological safety is crucial for maintaining operational integrity and mitigating potential risks. The interdependence between HROs and surrounding communities necessitates examining the perceptions of conditions for safe and transparent operation from both community residents and subject matter experts (SMEs). This study aims to understand community residents’ perceptions of psychological safety in the operation of A high-containment laboratory (HCL), how incident reporting reflects the psychological safety of a facility, and the alignment in community residents and SMEs’ assessments of psychological safety in these laboratories. Methods A mixed methods approach was used to collect data from community residents and a high containment laboratory SMEs. Community residents evaluated the potential impact of inadequate psychological safety on safe operations in high containment laboratories and two incident reporting formats for their association with PS. Both community residents and SMEs provided open-ended responses regarding the role of psychological safety in a high containment laboratory. Results Community members emphasized that psychological safety plays a key role for safe and reliable operations within High containment laboratories, and solution-oriented incident reports that focus on corrective actions appeared to indicate higher levels of psychological safety than problem-oriented reports focused on identifying the root cause of the incident. Thematic analysis showed overlap in key themes from community residents and SMEs, suggesting that psychological safety is important for safe operations, safety culture, and communication. Uniquely, SMEs offered more detailed insights into risk management, preparedness, and the impact on community and reputation. Conclusions Findings underscore the importance of psychological safety in promoting safety culture and effective communication within HROs, which is recognized by the surrounding community of residents. Transparent reporting with a focus on corrective action may be perceived as more indicative of psychological safety than reports centered on root cause analysis. Lastly, there is a shared understanding of the importance of psychological safety between community residents and SMEs, with SMEs providing a more nuanced perspective on improving psychological safety in HROs.
Spatial-Aware and Load Balancing Distributed Data Partitioning Strategies for Content-Based Multimedia Retrieval
Authors: Pereira Gabriel , Barreiros Willian , Ferreira Renato , Teodoro George 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Content-Based Multimedia Retrieval (CBMR) has become very popular in several applications, driven by the growing routine use of multimedia data. Since the datasets used in real-world applications are very large and descriptor’s dimensionality is high, querying is an expensive, albeit important functionality. Further, exact search is prohibitive in most cases, motivating the use of Approximate Nearest Neighbour Search (ANNS) algorithms, trading accuracy for performance. These have been mainly developed targeting a sequential execution in a single node. However, the large and increasing datasets used and the high query loads submitted to those systems typically surpass the memory and computing resources available in a single node. This motivated the development of parallel distributed memory ANNS solutions to meet the computing capabilities required by those applications. A common problem that must be handled when using distributed memory systems is data partitioning and its impact on load imbalance. Several data partitioning approaches have already been proposed, including elaborated spatial-aware strategies. However, little effort has been put into carefully analyzing the performance of those strategies at scale. Here, we evaluated the commonly used data partitioning strategies in ANNS and identified their limitations to propose a novel class of partitioning algorithms that can minimize load imbalance while improving data locality to attain high performance on the distributed memory search. Experimentally, we found that our proposed algorithms (SABBS and SABBSR) improved search performance by up to 1.64× compared to the best previous solution. In a distributed memory weak scaling evaluation, with up to 12 billion 128-dimensional descriptors and 60 compute nodes, the gains were maintained as the system scaled with our novel approaches. These results demonstrate the efficiency of our new algorithms for billion-scale ANNS and the importance of considering not only data locality but also data and load imbalance in the data partitioning.
Scalable networks of wireless bioelectronics using magnetoelectrics
Authors: Robinson Jacob , Woods Joshua , Alrashdan Fatima , Chen Ellie , Tan Wendy , John Mathews , Jaworski Lukas , Beranrd Drew , Post Allison , Moctezuma-Ramirez Angel , Elgalad Abdelmotagaly , Steele Alexander , Barber Sean , Horner Philip , Faraji Amir , Sayenko Dimitry , Razavi Mehdi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Networks of miniature bioelectronic implants would enable precise measurement and manipulation of the complex and distributed physiological systems in the body. For example, sensing and stimulation nodes throughout the heart, brain, or peripheral nervous system would more accurately track and treat disease or support prosthetic technologies with many degrees of freedom. A main challenge to creating this type of in-body bioelectronic network is the fact that wireless power and data transfer are often inefficient when communicating through biological tissues. This challenge is typically compounded as one increases the number of implants within the network. Here, we show that magnetoelectric wireless data and power transfer enable a network of millimeter-sized bioelectronic implants where the power transfer efficiency of the system improves as the number of implanted devices increases. Using this property, we demonstrate networks of wireless battery-free bioelectronics ranging from 1 to 6 implants where the wireless power transfer efficiency for the system increases from 0.2% to 1.3%, with each node in the network receiving 2.2 mW at a distance of 1 cm. We use this system for efficient and robust wireless data and power transfer to demonstrate proof-of-concept networks of miniature spinal cord stimulators and cardiac pacing devices in large animals. The scalability of this network architecture enabled by magnetoelectric wireless power transfer provides a platform for building wireless closed-loop networks of bioelectronic implants for next-generation electronic medicine.