bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in the hippocampus of Alzheimer patients
Authors: Luo LuGuang , Yano Naohiro , Mao QuanFu , Jackson I.M.D. , Stopa E.G. 
Published: April 2017

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is best known for its hypothalamic neuroendocrine role in regulating thyroid function. In extra-hypothalamic regions in vitro, we have shown TRH to have a protective effect against synaptic loss and neuronal apoptosis. A role for TRH in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has not been established previously. In this study, we examined the content of the TRH peptide in the hippocampus of elderly controls (n=5) and AD patients (n=7) by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The TRH concentration was decreased in the AD hippocampus compared to normal elderly controls (p > 0.01). In a separate series of experiments utilizing primary cell cultures made from rat hippocampus, TRH peptide concentration was depleted by the addition of TRH antiserum. TRH withdrawal was found to enhance the activity of glycogen synthetase kinase-3 (GSK-3β), a critical enzyme necessary for the phosphorylation of tau, as well as the phosphorylation of the tau protein itself. This TRH depletion induced upregulation in phosphorylation that was observed to initiate axonal retraction in cultured neurons. These data suggest that TRH within the hippocampus can regulate the activity of various proteins by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation that may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD.
What triggers healthcare-seeking behaviour when experiencing a symptom? Results from a population-based survey
Authors: Elnegaard Sandra , Pedersen Anette Fischer , Sand Andersen Rikke , Christensen René de-Pont , Jarbøl Dorte Ejg 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe decision process of whether or not to contact the GP is influenced by different factors which have not all been well examined.AimThe aim of this study was to analyse whether contact to the GP is associated with concern about the symptom, influence on daily activities and symptom burden, such as the total number of symptoms experienced by each person in a general population.Design & settingThis Danish nationwide cross-sectional study comprises a random sample of 100 000 people, representative of the adult Danish population ≥20 years.MethodBaseline data were collected in a web-based survey conducted from June to December 2012.ResultsIn total 49 706 (52.5%) individuals answered the questionnaire; 45 483 (91.5%) individuals experienced at least one of 44 predefined symptoms during the 4 weeks preceding the completion of the questionnaire. They reported 268 772 symptom experiences of which 58 370 symptoms (21.7%) resulted in contact with a GP. A high level of concern and influence on daily activities was associated with significantly higher odds for GP contact. A high burden of symptoms was associated with lower odds of contact with the GP.ConclusionApproximately every fifth symptom reported by individuals from the general population leads to GP contact. Influence on daily activities, burden of symptoms, and concern about the symptom were significant factors associated with the decision of whether to contact the GP. No overall association between sex and GP contact was observed.
Clinical Epidemiological Profile of Children with Acute Respiratory Insuficiency in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Dourado Sandra Beatriz Pedra Branca , Dourado Paulo Vicente , Veloso Marylane Viana , Nunes Geandra Batista Lima , Cardoso Hélida Lessa De Aragão , Cavalcante Andreia Karla De Carvalho Barbosa , Feitosa Verbenia Cipriano , Cavalcante Milena France Alves , Coêlho Danieli Maria Matias , Ribeiro José Francisco , Monteiro Elizabeth Soares Oliveira De Holanda , Chagas Diego Cipriano 
Published: April 2017

Objective: to know the epidemiological clinical profile of children admitted for acute respiratory failure (ARF) in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Teresina Emergency Hospital (TEH), from 2010 to 2015.
Method: a quantitative approach, with a sample of 451 medical records obtained in the electronic system of hospitalization of the patients who were admitted to the Pediatric ICU of the Hospital. After approval by the Ethics Committee of Estácio Ceut Faculty, the study was started.
Results: Of the 721 hospitalizations due to ARF in children, 451 (62.6%) required clinical interventions in the ICU. Of these, 59.4% were male, in the age range of one to six years (61.9%), with a diagnosis in the ICD 10 by J96.0. In 99.7% of the cases, hospitalized for a period of more than ten days (72.4%), originating in the interior of Piauí (63.4%), whose discharge occurred by administrative closure (75.6%), followed by deaths, which were 19,3%.
Conclusion: Acute Respiratory Insufficiency is a serious problem of global, national and local public health, because it is a morbidity that requires advanced technology for health treatment, with relative mortality. It is reasonable for therapeutic measures to prevent respiratory diseases to be systematically stimulated and implemented by health services to prevent them.
KEYWORDS: Infant Mortality; Respiratory Insufficiency; Epidemiology.
Masses of Kepler-46b, c from Transit Timing Variations
Authors: Saad-Olivera Ximena , Nesvorný David , Kipping David M. , Roig Fernando 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We use 16 quarters of the Kepler mission data to analyze the transit timing variations (TTVs) of the extrasolar planet Kepler-46b (KOI-872). Our dynamical fits confirm that the TTVs of this planet (period

days) are produced by a non-transiting planet Kepler-46c (

days). The Bayesian inference tool MultiNest is used to infer the dynamical parameters of Kepler-46b and Kepler-46c. We find that the two planets have nearly coplanar and circular orbits, with eccentricities

somewhat higher than previously estimated. The masses of the two planets are found to be

and

Jupiter masses, with M

b
being determined here from TTVs for the first time. Due to the precession of its orbital plane, Kepler-46c should start transiting its host star a few decades from now.
A 2MASS/AllWISE Search for Extremely Red L Dwarfs: The Discovery of Several Likely L Type Members of β Pic, AB Dor, Tuc-Hor, Argus, and the Hyades
Authors: Schneider Adam C. , Windsor James , Cushing Michael C. , Kirkpatrick J. Davy , Shkolnik Evgenya L. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Young brown dwarfs share many properties with directly imaged giant extrasolar planets. They therefore provide unique laboratories for investigating the full range of temperature and mass encompassed by the growing collection of planets discovered outside our Solar System. Furthermore, if they can be tied to a particular group of coeval stars, they also provide vital anchor points for low-mass empirical isochrones. We have developed a novel procedure for identifying such objects based on their unique 2MASS and AllWISE colors. Using our search criteria, we have identified 50 new, late-type L dwarf candidates, 47 of which are spectroscopically confirmed as L dwarfs with follow-up near-infrared spectroscopy. We evaluate the potential membership of these objects in nearby, young moving groups using their proper motions, photometric distance estimates, and spectroscopic indicators of youth, and find seven likely L-type members belonging to the β Pictoris moving group, the AB Doradus moving group, the Tucana-Horologium association, or the Argus association, in addition to several lower probability members. Also found are two late-type (L5 and L6) potential members of the nearby Hyades cluster (WISEA J043642.75+190134.8 and WISEA J044105.56+213001.5).
High Dense Gas Fraction in a Gas-rich Star-forming Galaxy at z = 1.2∗
Authors: Gowardhan Avani , Riechers Dominik A. , Daddi Emanuele , Pavesi Riccardo , Dannerbauer Helmut , Carilli Chris 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We report observations of dense molecular gas in the star-forming galaxy EGS 13004291 (z = 1.197) using the Plateau de Bure Interferometer. We tentatively detect HCN and HNC

emission when stacked together at

significance, yielding line luminosities of

K km s−1 pc2 and

K km s−1 pc2, respectively. We also set 3σ upper limits of <7–8 ×109 K km s−1 pc2 on the

,

), and HC3N(J = 20 → 19) line luminosities. We serendipitously detect CO emission from two sources at

and

in the same field of view. We also detect CO(

) emission in EGS 13004291, showing that the excitation in the previously detected CO(

) line is subthermal (

). We find a line luminosity ratio of

/

= 0.17 ± 0.07, as an indicator of the dense gas fraction. This is consistent with the median ratio observed in

galaxies (

/

= 0.16 ± 0.07) and nearby ULIRGs (

/

= 0.13 ± 0.03), but higher than that in local spirals (

/

= 0.04 ± 0.02). Although EGS 13004291 lies significantly above the galaxy main sequence at

, we do not find an elevated star formation efficiency (traced by

/

) as in local starbursts, but a value consistent with main-sequence galaxies. The enhanced dense gas fraction, the subthermal gas excitation, and the lower than expected star formation efficiency of the dense molecular gas in EGS 13004291 suggest that different star formation properties may prevail in high-z starbursts. Thus, using

/

as a simple recipe to measure the star formation efficiency may be insufficient to describe the underlying mechanisms in dense star-forming environments inside the large gas reservoirs.
Helium Ionization in the Diffuse Ionized Gas Surrounding UCH ii Regions
Authors: Roshi D. Anish , Churchwell E. , Anderson L. D. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We present measurements of the singly ionized helium-to-hydrogen ratio (

) toward diffuse gas surrounding three ultracompact H ii (UCH ii) regions: G10.15-0.34, G23.46-0.20, and G29.96-0.02. We observe radio recombination lines of hydrogen and helium near 5 GHz using the GBT to measure the

ratio. The measurements are motivated by the low helium ionization observed in the warm ionized medium and in the inner Galaxy diffuse ionized regions. Our data indicate that the helium is not uniformly ionized in the three observed sources. Helium lines are not detected toward a few observed positions in sources G10.15-0.34 and G23.46-0.20, and the upper limits of the

ratio obtained are 0.03 and 0.05, respectively. The selected sources harbor stars of type O6 or hotter as indicated by helium line detection toward the bright radio continuum emission from the sources with mean

value 0.06 ± 0.02. Our data thus show that helium in diffuse gas located a few parsecs away from the young massive stars embedded in the observed regions is not fully ionized. We investigate the origin of the nonuniform helium ionization and rule out the possibilities (a) that the helium is doubly ionized in the observed regions and (b) that the low

values are due to additional hydrogen ionizing radiation produced by accreting low-mass stars. We find that selective absorption of ionizing photons by dust can result in low helium ionization but needs further investigation to develop a self-consistent model for dust in H ii regions.
XMM-Newton and NuSTAR Simultaneous X-Ray Observations of IGR J11215-5952
Authors: Sidoli L. , Tiengo A. , Paizis A. , Sguera V. , Lotti S. , Natalucci L. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We report the results of an XMM-Newton and NuSTAR coordinated observation of the Supergiant Fast X-ray Transient (SFXT) IGR J11215–5952, performed on 2016 February 14, during the expected peak of its brief outburst, which repeats every ∼165 days. Timing and spectral analysis were performed simultaneously in the energy band 0.4–78 keV. A spin period of 187.0 (±0.4) s was measured, consistent with previous observations performed in 2007. The X-ray intensity shows a large variability (more than one order of magnitude) on timescales longer than the spin period, with several luminous X-ray flares that repeat every 2–2.5 ks, some of which simultaneously observed by both satellites. The broadband (0.4–78 keV) time-averaged spectrum was well deconvolved with a double-component model (a blackbody plus a power law with a high energy cutoff) together with a weak iron line in emission at 6.4 keV (equivalent width, EW, of 40 ± 10 eV). Alternatively, a partial covering model also resulted in an adequate description of the data. The source time-averaged X-ray luminosity was 1036 erg s−1 (0.1–100 keV; assuming 7 kpc). We discuss the results of these observations in the framework of the different models proposed to explain SFXTs, supporting a quasi-spherical settling accretion regime, although alternative possibilities (e.g., centrifugal barrier) cannot be ruled out.
Broadband Photon Spectrum and its Radial Profile of Pulsar Wind Nebulae
Authors: Ishizaki Wataru , Tanaka Shuta J. , Asano Katsuaki , Terasawa Toshio 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The observed radial profiles of the X-ray emission from pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) have been claimed to contradict the standard 1D steady model. However, the 1D model has not been tested to simultaneously reproduce the volume-integrated spectrum and the radial profile of the surface brightness. We revisit the 1D steady model and apply it to PWNe 3C 58 and G21.5−0.9. We find that the parameters of the pulsar wind, the radius of the termination shock

, and magnetization σ greatly affect both the photon spectrum and radial profile of the emission. We have shown that the parameters constrained by the entire spectrum lead to an X-ray nebula smaller than the observed nebula. We have also tested the case that reproduces only the observations in X- and gamma-rays, ignoring the radio and optical components. In this case, there are parameter sets that reproduce both the spectrum and emission profile, but the advection time to the edge of the nebula becomes much smaller than the age. Our detailed discussion clarifies that the standard 1D steady model has severe difficulty to simultaneously reproduce both the volume-integrated spectrum and the surface brightness. This implies that the model should be improved by taking into account extra physical processes such as spatial diffusion of particles. Additionally, we calculate the surface brightness profile of the radio, optical, and TeV gamma-rays. The future observations in these wavelengths are also important to probe the spatial distributions of the relativistic plasma and the magnetic field of PWNe.
Objeto de Aprendizagem de Números Complexos com aplicações na área técnica em eletroeletrônica
Authors: Pinto José Eustáquio , Laudares João Bosco 
Published: April 2017

Neste artigo, apresentamos resultado de uma pesquisa de Mestrado, apoiada pelo Projeto de Pesquisa “Objetos de aprendizagem para o ensino de matemática na Educação Profissional Técnica de Nível Médio”, edital 13/2012, financiado pela FAPEMIG, sendo desenvolvido no período 2012/ 2016. O Objeto de Aprendizagem, denominado “Descomplicando os complexos”, foi criado em apoio ao professor de matemática e aos estudantes do ensino médio e técnico. Foi estruturado em seis atividades, sendo as duas primeiras sem aplicações técnicas, de forma a atender estudantes do ensino médio regular, e as demais direcionadas aos cursos médios profissionais técnicos com aplicações na área eletroeletrônica. Ficou referenciado teoricamente por parâmetros da Informática Educativa, especialmente, quanto a pressupostos conceituais e metodológicos de Objeto Aprendizagem e Sequência Didática. As atividades foram construídas com base nas representações algébricas e geométricas de pontos e vetores que representam números complexos, num contexto da interdisciplinaridade: Matemática e Eletricidade; assim os elementos dos circuitos são analisados por números complexos. Pelos resultados da aplicação experimental constatamos que a dinamicidade e interação dos estudantes proporcionadas pelo Objeto de Aprendizagem otimizaram o processo de aprendizagem.
Morfologia matemática na extração de bordas de uma imagem IKONOS-2 RGB fusionada
Authors: Candeias Ana Lúcia Bezerra , Tavares Junior João Rodrigues , Oliveira do Nascimento Priscilla Heliênay , Marques de Moura Carla Julliane , Da Silva Erivaldo Antônio 
Published: April 2017

As ferramentas da Morfologia Matemática são utilizadas neste artigo para extração de bordas externas em imagens de alta resolução. Um recorte de uma imagem do satélite IKONOS-2 fusionada, contendo o Lago do Cavouco, no entorno do Campus Joaquim Amazonas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) é usada. Para obter a borda externa do lago, utilizou-se a implementação de dilatação e erosão e operações aritméticas do software SPRING. Comparou-se a extração de borda para cada uma das bandas da imagem RGB, também se comparou a borda obtida pela componente ‘I’ da transformação IHS e com a ‘PC1’ das componentes principais. Obteve-se os momentos, diagrama de dispersão e um perfil das imagens de borda para se comparar quantitativamente os métodos. Observou-se que a ‘PC1’ gera bordas com maior contraste. Ressalta-se que nesta avaliação não foi tomado valores de limiares e a análise é para borda de uma imagem colorida de alta resolução.
Configuración del território Soacha-Bogotá D.C. a partir de los usos del sistemas masivos de transporte público y la movilidad / Configuracion of the territory Soacha-Bogotá D.C. from the uses of massive systems of public transport and mobility
Authors: Botache Daniel Molina 
Published: April 2017

Este artículo pretende desarrollar los debates a nivel local y regional entorno a la cuestión urbana de la movilidad en los territorios y su impacto en el ordenamiento territorial, a partir de las tendencias de innovación e implementación de tecnologías en los sistemas de transporte público masivo e integrado, en ciudades intermedias conocidas en Colombia por su necesidad de mejoras continuas en desplazamientos urbanos, infraestructuras físicas, energéticas y tecnológicas; en el sistema económico local y prestación de los servicios de movilidad a ciudadanos. Es relevante porque en lo académico surgen propuestas de análisis e investigación, con aspectos relacionados a lo económico, político, urbano, tecnológico y ordenamiento del territorio para ciudades intermedias como es el caso de Ibagué; mientras por el lado político-institucional se hace urgente sumar esfuerzos y hallar puntos de diálogos entre los ordenadores del gasto a nivel local, territorial y nacional yla sociedad civil, ciudadanía, productores y fabricantes del sector y comunidad en general. Este trabajo se guio mediante la ruta metodológica cuanti-cualitativa, porque inicia con las bases conceptuales y un breve estado del arte sobre el asunto de la movilidad y sistemas de transporte a modo general en Colombia; prosigue con su análisis de los tipos de sistemas de transporte y sus implicaciones (sociales e históricas) en la movilidad y territorios; para continuar con una análisis básico del cuadro estadístico sobre transporte y finaliza con la propuesta de componentes para la movilidad urbana a partir de los sistemas de transporte público e integrado. Las contribuciones están encaminadas a generar procesos de investigación social en los programas de formación desde el pregrado hasta el posgrado (Maestría y Doctorado) que le apunten al objeto de estudios en concreto sobre movilidad y sistemas de transporte público e integrado en ciudades intermedias colombianas y su impacto en los territorios, para llevarlas a cabo en interlocución con la sociedad civil, gobernantes y ciudadanía engeneral.
Les enjeux d’une génétique photographique
Authors: Sicard Monique 
Published: April 2017

L’entreprise est neuve. Il s’agit de fournir des clés théoriques pour une meilleure compréhension de la création artistique photographique, qu’elle soit contemporaine ou passée. À partir des traces matérielles abandonnées par le processus de création, le projet vise à élaborer un nouvel objet de recherche : l’avant-image et ses étapes. L’article propose les prémices d’une génétique « photo-graphique » s’inspirant de la génétique littéraire. Il en examine les enjeux. En exhumant ce temps long de la photographie si souvent passé sous silence, l’approche réintroduit la main, le geste, le corps et le « pro-jet », soit la part humaine dans l’analyse.
Enquête sur les photomontages politiques de Marinus Jacob Kjeldgaard (1932-1940)
Authors: Byskov Gunner 
Published: April 2017

Le mystère prend forme en 2003, et il a fallu un vrai travail de détective pour l’éclaircir : qui était Marinus Jacob Kjeldgaard ? Mais la réponse n’a fait naître que plus de questions : quelle fut son histoire ? Pourquoi a-t-il quitté Copenhague pour Paris ? Pourquoi est-il tombé dans l’oubli ? Marinus a commencé son travail de photomontage dans J’ai vu en 1917, a été journaliste dans les années vingt et engagé en 1932 par Gaston Gallimard pour réaliser des caricatures photographiques en guise d’éditoriaux dans l’ambitieux hebdomadaire Marianne. Il fit jusqu’à l’occupation allemande en 1940 deux cents unes de Marianne et Marianne Magazine – pour être totalement oublié pendant soixante ans. Comment fallait-il comprendre ces montages ? Ils commentaient très précisément, avec humour et finesse, les questions de politique intérieure et, avec mordant, les mouvements fascistes européens – en particulier Hitler et son rêve de dominer le monde. Marianne et Marinus ont uni leur voix contre Hitler dès 1933, seuls ou presque à le faire à cette époque en France – ce qui expliquerait pourquoi il a paru commode d’oublier ces photomontages...
Ships and Boats in James Joyce: Representing Arrested Development in the Modernist Bildungsroman
Authors: Spanghero Sara 
Published: April 2017

Two major literary changes coincide between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century : on the one hand the traditional Bildungsroman is replaced by its modernist counterpart, which features adolescent protagonists whose development into mature adults in never achieved ; on the other hand, the traditional genre of sea adventure tales is replaced by more introspective narrations, anticipating many of the aspects that will become characterising features of Modernism – in particular, the overall dystopic representation of the sea and of the aquatic element in general. In the work of James Joyce, the concurrence of these two literary transformations distinctly stands out ; from those short stories in Dubliners (1914) centred on childhood and adolescence, to the anti-developmental novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916) and Ulysses (1922), the marine/aquatic dimension both symbolises and determines the condition of arrested development of the young protagonists. In this article, I particularly focus on the maritime element of the ship and put in evidence how, in modernist fiction but especially for the Joycean characters, it loses its traditional rite-of-passage function.
Inquiétante étrangeté, inquiétante familiarité à l’ère soviétique
Authors: Gruszka Sarah , Rousselet Cécile 
Published: April 2017

Cet article vise à interroger le concept de « langue soviétique », souvent réduite à un objet figé, artificiel, aliénant, qui aurait assuré efficacement la diffusion et l’implantation de l’idéologie en n’offrant que peu d’espaces aux négociations narratives. L’analyse d’un corpus d’ego-documents et d’œuvres de l’écrivain Andreï Platonov suggère, au contraire, l’inefficience d’un monologisme hermétique, en révélant de véritables jeux polyphoniques à travers l’étude des modalités de réception, de réappropriation et de déconstruction du discours officiel par les individus, aussi bien dans leur expression intime que dans leur création littéraire.