bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary Adrenal Leiomyosarcoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Mencoboni M , Bergaglio M , Truini M , Varaldo M 
Published: September 2017

The case presented here illustrates a 75 year old female patient who underwent surgical resection of a right adrenal mass of uncertain nature. The final histological diagnosis was consistent with leiomyosarcoma arising from the adrenal anatomic site. Primary leiomyosarcoma of the adrenal gland is a very rare malignant mesenchymal neoplasm: to our knowledge, this is only the twelfth case reported in literature. We describe the clinical course and a brief review of clinical and histological features, biologic behaviour, diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies.
A Single Institution's Experience with Bevacizumab in Combination with Cytotoxic Chemotherapy in Progressive Malignant Glioma
Authors: Mayer Tina , Lacy Jill , Baehring Joachim 
Published: September 2017

Background Bevacizumab and irinotecan may represent one of the most active treatments in progressive malignant glioma. Limited published experience with bevacizumab in patients with CNS tumors raises concerns regarding toxicity, particularly in regards to hemorrhage and thromboembolism. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 36 patients with progressive malignant glioma after prior resection, chemotherapy and radiation who were treated with bevacizumab at our institution. Patients were evaluated for bevacizumab-related adverse events, time to treatment failure (TTF) and overall survival (OS). Two patients who progressed or died prior to completion of 4 cycles of therapy were analyzed for adverse events only. Results Patients were treated with bevacizumab alone (1), bevacizumab plus irinotecan (31), or bevacizumab plus carboplatin (4). In 34 patients who received >4 cycles of bevacizumab, median TTF and OS were 16 and 32 weeks, respectively. Toxicities included 1 arterial thrombosis, 4 venous thromboses, and 3 clinically significant CNS hemorrhages. Conclusion Overall, our results confirm the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy in patients with progressive malignant glioma. Although the TTF and OS were less than previously reported with the combination of bevacizumab and irinotecan, this was an unselected patient population with 50% of patients having received >1 prior chemotherapy regimen.
Docetaxel as Salvage Therapy in Highly Pretreated and Drug Resistant Gastrointestinal Carcinomas
Authors: Sprinzl Martin F. , Wytopil Sonia M. , Dahmen Anja , Kanzler Stephan , Galle Peter R. , Moehler Markus 
Published: September 2017

Introduction Despite many efforts to develop new chemotherapies for metastatic upper gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, overall prognosis continues to be fatal, particularly in gastric and pancreatic cancer. Many of these patients deserve second-or third-line treatment after failure of first-line chemotherapy. Therefore, we analysed toxicity and response rate of weekly docetaxel after failed upfront regimes in these upper GI cancer patients. Patients and Methods Between 2001 and 2006, 18 patients received docetaxel based regimes (35 mg/m2 weekly) after informed consent. Response rates were determined using RECIST criteria or tumor progression if clinically evident. Toxicities were graded based on NCI CTC criteria (version 2). Most patients had gastric cancer (13/18). The remaining entities comprised of bilio-pancreatic cancer (5/18). Results Docetaxel was administered as 2nd line therapy in 28% (5/18), 3rd line therapy in 56% (10/18) and 4th or 5th line therapy in 17% (3/18). The average docetaxel dose was 38 mg/m2 (Median: 35 mg/m2) once weekly. Over a treatment duration of 14.7 weeks, the average dosage was 58 gr per patient and week. Overall, docetaxel was well tolerated with only few chemotherapy-associated toxicities (Grade 3/4), including nausea (17%), polyneuropathy (17%), anorexia (11%), neutropenia (6%) and leukopenia (17%). Docetaxel administration did not achieve any complete responses (CR) and one (5.6%) partial response (PR) was seen (1/18). In addition 5 patients (27.8%) had stable disease (SD), thus inducing a tumor control rate of 33.3% (6/18). Median progression-free survival was 2.4 months for all patients, 2.1 months in the gastric-cancer and 2.4 months in the bilio-pancreatic cancer subgroups respectively. After first docetaxel administration median survival for all patients was 4.5 months, patients with gastric cancer survived for 4.9 months whereas patients suffering from bilio-pancreatic carcinoma survived for 4.2 months. However, taken together 27% (5/18) had a remarkable overall survival of more than 2.5 years. Discussion In severely pretreated patients, with documented chemoresistant GI tumors, weekly docetaxel was well tolerated, presented good tumor control rate and overall survival. Therefore, this regimen may be used as salvage treatment in individual patients with upper GI cancers.
Maternal Characteristics Determine Stunting in Children of Less than Five Years of Age Results from a National Probabilistic Survey
Authors: Shamah-Levy Teresa , Nasu Lucia Cuevas , Moreno-Macias Hortensia , Monterrubio-Flores Eric , Avila-Arcos Marco Antonio 
Published: September 2017

Background Maternal nutrition and some variables are the main determining factors of birthweight and delayed intrauterine growth of children. Objective To explore the association between the mothers’ biological and sociodemographic characteristics, and the anthropometry status in children under five years of age. Design The population consisted of a sub-sample of 1,047 mother-and-child selected pairs from the probabilistic National Nutrition Survey, carried out in Mexico. Mother-and-child pairs included mothers aged 12 to 49 years, with children under five years of age. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, obstetric history, 24-hour recall dietary intake, and the women and children's anthropometry were collected. The association between maternal characteristics and children's anthropometry status was assessed using multiple logistic regression models. Result Nearly 16.7% of the children <5y of age were stunted (13.5% ≤ 2y and 18.8% > 2y). The height/age of the children was severely affected by maternal height and birth order. In addition, the interaction between socioeconomic level and maternal schooling had a marginal effect (p = 0.09) in the ≤2y group. On the other hand, whether the family received social services and the interaction between maternal height and a dichotomy urbanism variable were significant (p = 0.05) and (p < 0.01) respectively in >2y group. Conclusion Some biological and socioeconomic characteristics among mothers have a negative effect on their children's attained size, especially in the period between 2 and 5 years of age.
Het structuurregime: vijf rechtsvragen in de praktijk
Authors: Visser J.H.G. 
Published: September 2017

Het structuurregime: vijf rechtsvragen in de praktijk
In de praktijk blijkt dat het huidige structuurregime nog veel vragen oproept, omdat de wet en de literatuur op een aantal punten geen heldere richtlijnen geven. In deze bijdrage bespreekt de auteur enkele punten waar praktijkbeoefenaars bij het opzetten of het afschaffen van een structuurregime tegenaan (kunnen) lopen.
De aansprakelijkheid van beherend vennoten bij toetreding tot een personenvennootschap in het licht van het voorstel van de Werkgroep Personenvennootschappen
Authors: Canev N.C. 
Published: September 2017

De aansprakelijkheid van beherend vennoten bij toetreding tot een personenvennootschap in het licht van het voorstel van de Werkgroep Personenvennootschappen
De Werkgroep Personenvennootschappen wijkt in haar voorstel af van de door de Hoge Raad in het Carlande-arrest (2015) ontwikkelde rechtsregel dat een beherend vennoot in een VOF of CV bij toetreden ook aansprakelijk wordt voor schulden die zijn ontstaan vóór zijn toetreden. De auteur onderzoekt de wenselijkheid van dit voorstel.
‘The carried and the stick’: verkenning naar gebruikelijke participatiestructuren voor teamleden van een beheerder van beleggingsinstellingen vanuit toezicht-, ondernemings- en civielrechtelijk perspectief
Authors: Veldman I.J.W. , Maters M.C. 
Published: September 2017

‘The carried and the stick’: verkenning naar gebruikelijke participatiestructuren voor teamleden van een beheerder van beleggingsinstellingen vanuit toezicht-, ondernemings- en civielrechtelijk perspectief
In dit artikel worden de verschillende aspecten van carried interest- en co-investeringsparticipatie van teamleden van een beheerder van beleggingsinstellingen besproken vanuit civiel-, ondernemings- en toezichtrechtelijk perspectief. Aandacht wordt onder meer besteed aan de structurering van deze carried interest- en co-investeringsparticipatie en onderlinge afspraken tussen teamleden.
Wetgevingspakket Schone Energie voor alle Europeanen
Authors: Gaasbeek P.B. , Geerts-Zandveld N.R. 
Published: September 2017

Wetgevingspakket Schone Energie voor alle Europeanen
Het wetgevingspakket van de Europese Commissie van 30 november 2016, Schone Energie voor alle Europeanen, telt een 15-tal documenten. Ten behoeve van de hoofddoelstelling ‘Energie-efficiëntie eerst’ zijn onder meer voorstellen opgenomen tot aanpassing van de efficiëntiedoelstelling, een verzwaarde verplichting tot energiebesparing en de invoering van ‘aan verplichtingen verbonden partijen’. Bovendien worden er maatregelen voorgesteld ten behoeve van de aanleg van laadinfrastructuur en de kosteneffectieve renovatie van gebouwen. Dit laatste kan helpen energiearmoede te voorkomen of in elk geval te beperken. Ten behoeve van de hoofddoelstelling ‘Consumenten op een faire manier laten meeprofiteren’ zijn maatregelen opgenomen ten einde consumenten te laten deelnemen aan de markt en het sturen van de vraagkant. Daarbij wordt een nieuwe marktrol geïntroduceerd, de aggregator.http://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/news/commission-proposes-new-rules-consumer-centred-clean-energy-transition
Een vrije dienstenmarkt: nieuwe initiatieven van de Commissie in een weerbarstige materie
Authors: van Rijn T.P.J.N. 
Published: September 2017

Een vrije dienstenmarkt: nieuwe initiatieven van de Commissie in een weerbarstige materie
Dit artikel geeft een overzicht van de nieuwe initiatieven die de Commissie heeft genomen om de nog bestaande belemmeringen op de dienstenmarkt te verwijderen. Deze initiateven zijn gebundeld in het services package dat op 10 januari is gepresenteerd. Het gaat om de invoering van een Europese e-kaart, een wijziging van de kennisgevingsprocedure voor vergunningstelsels, de precisering van. de evenredigheidsbeoordeling voorafgaand aan nieuwe of gewijzigde reglementering van beroepen en aanbevelingen aan de lidstaten voor de hervorming van professionele dienstverlening. Tot slot worden enkele kanttekeningen geplaatst.http://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/newsroom/cf/itemdetail.cfm?item_id=9053
Resolution and Quantitation of Triamcinolone Acetonide and Its Coformulated Drug in the Presence of Its Impurities and Degradation Products by HPTLC and HPLC
Authors: Abbas Samah S , Hegazy Maha A , Hendawy Hassan A M , Weshahy Soheir A , Abdelwahab May H 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Two specific, sensitive, and precise stability-indicating chromatographic methods have been developed for the determination of triamcinolone acetonide (TMC) and its coformulated drug, econazole nitrate (ECZ), in the presence of TMC impurities and degradation products. The first method was based on HPTLC-spectrodensitometry in which resolution and quantitation was achieved by using silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plates and an ethyl acetate–tetrahydrofuran–ammonia mobile phase (10.0 + 7.0 + 0.1, v/v/v). The second method was a reversed-phase HPLC method in which separation was achieved using an acetonitrile–methanol–0.05 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate mobile phase, pH 3.0 (25.0 + 15.0 + 60.0, v/v/v). In both methods, the separated components were detected at 225 nm. Validation of both methods was conducted in compliance with International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, and system suitability was confirmed. The linearity ranges were 0.20–28.00 and 0.50–55.00 µg/band for TMC and ECZ by HPTLC, whereas for HPLC, the range was 0.05–30.00 and 1.00–40.00 µg/mL for both drugs, respectively. The methods were successfully applied for the analysis of a pharmaceutical formulation and were compared with the reported method with no significant difference.
Development of an Accurate and Sensitive Analytical Method for the Determination of Cadmium at Trace Levels Using Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Based on the Solidification of Floating Organic Drops Combined with Slotted Quartz Tube Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Authors: Aydin Ilgin , Chormey Dotse Selali , Budak Türkan , Fırat Merve , Turak Fatma , Bakirdere Sezgin 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
A dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) technique based on a solidification-of-floating-organic-drop (SFOD) procedure was developed for the determination of trace amounts of cadmium (Cd) by using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS) fitted with a slotted quartz tube (SQT). The extraction of Cd was achieved by forming a complex with diphenylcarbazone. Parameters affecting the formation of complex and extraction outputs were carefully optimized to obtain high-absorbance signals to achieve lower LODs. An SQT was fitted on top of the flame burner head to further enhance the absorbance of the signals recorded by the FAAS. Coupling the DLLME-SFOD procedure with SQT-FAAS produced an enhancement factor of about 183. The LOD of the method was 0.23 µg/L with an RSD of 3.8%. Matrix-matching was used to overcome any low recovery results obtained with tap water and municipal wastewater.
A dark past, a restrained present, and an apocalyptic future: time perspective, personality, and life satisfaction among anorexia nervosa patients
Authors: Garcia Danilo , Granjard Alexandre , Lundblad Suzanna , Archer Trevor 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundDespite reporting low levels of well-being, anorexia nervosa patients express temperament traits (e.g., extraversion and persistence) necessary for high levels of life satisfaction. Nevertheless, among individuals without eating disorders, a balanced organization of the flow of time, influences life satisfaction beyond temperamental dispositions. A balanced time perspective is defined as: high past positive, low past negative, high present hedonistic, low present fatalistic, and high future. We investigated differences in time perspective dimensions, personality traits, and life satisfaction between anorexia nervosa patients and matched controls. We also investigated if the personality traits and the outlook on time associated to positive levels of life satisfaction among controls also predicted anorexia patients’ life satisfaction. Additionally, we investigated if time perspective dimensions predicted life satisfaction beyond personality traits among both patients and controls.MethodA total of 88 anorexia nervosa patients from a clinic in the West of Sweden and 111 gender-age matched controls from a university in the West of Sweden participated in the Study. All participants responded to the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, the Ten Item Personality Inventory, and the Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale.ResultsAt-test showed that patients scored higher in the past negative, the present fatalistic, and the future dimensions, lower in the past positive and the present hedonistic dimensions, higher in conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness, and lower in life satisfaction. Regression analyses showed that life satisfaction was predicted by openness to experience and emotional stability for controls and by emotional stability among patients. When time dimensions were entered in the regression, emotional stability and the past negative and past positive time dimensions predicted life satisfaction among controls, but only the past positive and present hedonistic time dimensions predicted life satisfaction among patients.ConclusionAnorexia patients were less satisfied with life despite being more conscientious, social, and agreeable than controls. Moreover, compared to controls, patients had an unbalanced time perspective: a dark view of the past (i.e., high past negative), a restrained present (i.e., low present hedonistic) and an apocalyptic view of the future (i.e., high present fatalistic). It is plausible to suggest that, therapeutic interventions should focus on empowering patients to cultivate a sentimental and positive view of the past (i.e., high past positive) and the desire to experience pleasure without concern for future consequences (i.e., high present hedonistic) so that they can make self-directed and flexible choices for their own well-being. Such interventions might have effects on life satisfaction beyond the patients’ temperamental disposition.
Antipsychotic Drugs and Cognitive Function
Authors: Feber Lena , Peter Natalie L. , Chiocchia Virginia , Schneider-Thoma Johannes , Siafis Spyridon , Bighelli Irene , Hansen Wulf-Peter , Lin Xiao , Prates-Baldez Daniel , Salanti Georgia , Keefe Richard S. E. , Engel Rolf R. , Leucht Stefan 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceCognitive deficits are a substantial part of the symptoms of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) and contribute heavily to the burden of disease. Antipsychotic drugs are not cognitive enhancers, but due to their different receptor-binding profiles, they could differ in their effects on cognition. No previous network meta-analysis compared antipsychotics to placebo, which is important to determine whether use of these drugs is associated with cognitive performance in SSDs at all.ObjectiveTo determine the association of treatment with various antipsychotics and cognition in patients with SSDs.Data SourcesCochrane Schizophrenia Trials Register through June 25, 2023.Study SelectionRandomized clinical trials examining the effects on cognition of antipsychotic drugs or placebo in participants with SSD.Data Extraction and SynthesisA systematic review and random-effects frequentist network meta-analysis was performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses–Network Meta-analysis reporting guideline.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was change in overall cognition score calculated for each study. Secondary outcomes included cognitive domains, quality of life, and functioning.ResultsThis study included 68 studies involving 9525 participants (mean [SD] age, 35.1 [8.9] years; 5878 male [70%] and 2890 [30%] female; some studies did not provide this information). There were few clear differences between antipsychotics, but first-generation dopamine antagonists haloperidol (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.04; 95% CI, −0.25 to 0.33) and fluphenazine (SMD, 0.15; 95% CI, −0.39 to 0.69) as well as clozapine (SMD, 0.12; 95% CI, −0.23 to 0.48) ranked low. No individual antipsychotic was associated with a clearly better outcome than placebo, but antipsychotics as a group were, with small effect sizes (mean SMDs: adrenergic/low dopamine, −0.21; serotonergic/dopaminergic, −0.26; muscarinic, −0.28; dopaminergic, −0.40).Conclusion and RelevanceAlthough data are relatively sparse, those reviewed in this study suggest that first-generation dopamine antagonists and clozapine should be avoided when cognitive deficits are a concern. Antipsychotics are not procognitive drugs. The overall small superior outcomes compared to placebo may be explained by less disordered thought patterns associated with fewer positive symptoms rather than cognitive deficits in the proper sense. The findings also suggest that harmonizing measurement of cognitive function in randomized clinical trials would be beneficial.
Comparison of Outcomes for Patients Treated by Allopathic vs Osteopathic Surgeons
Authors: Russell Tara A. , Yoshida Ryu , Men Mauranda , Li Ruixin , Maggard-Gibbons Melinda , de Virgilio Christian , Russell Marcia M. , Tsugawa Yusuke 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceThere are 2 degree programs for licensed physicians in the US: allopathic medical doctorate (MD) and osteopathic doctorate (DO). However, evidence is limited as to whether outcomes differ between patients treated by MD vs DO surgeons.ObjectiveTo evaluate differences in surgical outcomes and practice patterns by surgeon medical school training (MD vs DO).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used 100% Medicare claims data from inpatient hospitals providing surgical services from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2019 among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries aged 65 to 99 years who underwent 1 of the 14 most common surgical procedures. Data analysis was performed from January 17, 2023, to August 13, 2024.ExposureMedical school degree (MD vs DO).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was 30-day mortality, and the secondary outcomes were readmissions and length of stay. To assess differences between surgeons by medical school training, a multivariable linear probability model was used, which was adjusted for hospital fixed effects and patient, procedure, and surgeon characteristics.ResultsOf the 2 360 108 total surgical procedures analyzed, 2 154 562 (91.3%) were performed by MD surgeons, and 205 546 (8.7%) were performed by DO surgeons. Of 43 651 total surgeons, most surgeons were MDs (39 339 [90.1%]), the median (SD) age was 49.0 (9.8) years, and 6649 surgeons (15.2%) were female. The mean (SD) age of patients undergoing surgical procedures was 74.9 (6.7) years, 1 353 818 of 2 360 108 patients (57.4%) were female, and 2 110 611 patients (89.4%) self-reported as White. DO surgeons were significantly more likely to operate on older patients (DO patient mean [SD] age: 75.3 [7.1] years; MD patient mean [SD] age: 74.8 [6.6]), female patients (DO: 60.2% of patients; MD: 57.1% of patients), and Medicaid dual-eligible patients (DO: 10.3% of patients; MD: 8.6% of patients). DOs performed a lower proportion of elective operations (DO: 74.2% vs MD: 80.2%) and were more likely to work in public hospitals (DO: 10.3%; MD: 9.5%) and nonteaching hospitals (DO: 57.9%; MD: 68.1%). There was no evidence that 30-day mortality differed between MD and DO surgeons (adjusted mortality rate, DO: 1.61%; MD: 1.58%; absolute risk difference [aRD], −0.04 percentage points; 95% CI, −0.11 to 0.04; P = .37). On secondary analyses, no difference was found in 30-day readmissions or length of stay between MD and DO surgeons.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this retrospective cohort study using Medicare data, there was no evidence that patient outcomes differed between MD and DO surgeons for common operations after adjusting for patient factors and practice settings.