bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opportunities for energy-water nexus management in the Middle East & North Africa
Authors: Farid Amro M. , Lubega William N. , Hickman William W. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Electric power is required to produce, treat, distribute, and recycle water while water is required to generate and consume electricity. Naturally, this energy-water nexus is most evident in multi-utilities that provide electricity and water but still exists when the nexus has distinct organizations as owners and operators. Therefore, the sustainability question that arises from energy-water trade-offs and synergies is very much tied to the potential for economies of scope. Furthermore, in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, multi-utilities are not only common, but also the nexus is particularly exacerbated by the high energy intensity of the water supply due to limited fresh water resources. The goal of this paper is to identify and motivate several opportunities for enhanced integrated operations management and planning in the energy-water nexus in multi-utilities in the MENA. It proceeds in four parts. First, an exposition of the energy-water nexus especially as it applies to the MENA is given. This discussion focuses on the electric power system, the potable water distribution system, and thirdly, the wastewater distribution system. Second, the paper shifts to opportunities in integrated operations management highlighted by an energy-water nexus supply- side economic dispatch illustration. Thirdly, the discussion shifts to planning opportunities for the energy-water nexus for the sustainable development of water and energy resources. A concluding section summarizes the policy implications of the identified opportunities.
Latissimus dorsi myocutaneous reconstruction: a study of long-term outcomes in a district general hospital
Authors: Kallaway C , Humphreys A , Laurence N , Sutton R 
Published: October 2016

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcome and durability of both autologous and implant-assisted latissimus dorsi reconstruction in a district general hospital over a 10-year follow-up period. METHODS A prospective cohort study was carried out using a detailed database of all latissimus dorsi flap reconstructions performed by a single consultant surgeon between 2003 and 2013 at the Royal United Hospital, Bath. The long-term outcome following reconstruction was assessed by analysing all episodes of ‘reconstruction-specific’ operations required from 6 months after the initial surgery. RESULTS The study included 110 patients with latissimus dorsi flap reconstructions, 21 autologous and 95 implant-assisted. Radiotherapy was given to 27 patients with reconstructed flaps. Mean follow-up was 69 months. Further reconstruction-specific surgery was needed in 27 (23%) cases, with 5 of these being post-radiotherapy flaps. Implant-related surgery was the most common reason for further surgery. Complications of the implant itself made up 52% of these cases, chronic sepsis being the most common. The rate of symptomatic capsular contracture requiring further surgery was 4.2%. Of these, one of four patients had undergone radiotherapy. DISCUSSION In our institution, latissimus dorsi reconstruction is durable and safe over the long term, with limited need for further substantial intervention to maintain a good outcome from the initial reconstruction. Autologous flaps were less likely to require further surgery over the long term compared with implant-based reconstructions. The low rate of symptomatic capsular contracture may be due to the protective mechanism provided by the extended harvest flap used.
The diagnostic ability of core needle biopsy in nodular thyroid disease
Authors: Aysan E , Kiran T , Idiz UO , Guler B , Akbulut H , Kunduz E , Arici S , Kadakal G , Ozgor M , Coci K 
Published: October 2016

INTRODUCTION Non-diagnostic results of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) remain an important limitation of this technqiue. The aim of our study was to evaluate the results of core needle biopsy (CNB) of thyroid nodules and its effectiveness in non-diagnostic FNAB cases. METHODS CNBs were performed in 1,000 patients (154 male, 846 female; mean age: 50.2 years, range: 18–86 years) with a spring loaded 20G needle. Of these, 143 had initially had FNABs that were insufficient for evaluation. The CNB reports were reviewed. Patients with suspicious or malignant CNB results underwent total thyroidectomy. RESULTS When considering all 1,000 CNBs, the non-diagnostic rate was 1.5% (15/1,000). However, when the first 100 cases were eliminated as a learning curve, this reduced to 0.9% (8/900). Of the 143 cases with initial FNABs that were non-diagnostic, 0.7% (1/143) were also non-diagnostic on CNB. Twelve patients underwent surgery because of malignant CNB reports and all of these cases were confirmed as malignant by the postoperative pathology specimen results (100% accuracy). There were no major complications although three self-limiting minor complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS CNB is a safe and accurate method. It is more diagnostic than FNAB for nodular thyroid disease.
Overview of Sparse Graph for Multiple Access in Future Mobile Networks
Authors: Lei Jing , Li Baoguo , Li Erbao , Gong Zhenghui 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMultiple access via sparse graph, such as low density signature (LDS) and sparse code multiple access (SCMA), is a promising technique for future wireless communications. This survey presents an overview of the developments in this burgeoning field, including transmitter structures, extrinsic information transform (EXIT) chart analysis and comparisons with existing multiple access techniques. Such technique enables multiple access under overloaded conditions to achieve a satisfactory performance. Message passing algorithm is utilized for multi-user detection in the receiver, and structures of the sparse graph are illustrated in detail. Outlooks and challenges of this technique are also presented.
Abschied von der Justizforschung?
Authors: Rottleuthner Hubert 
Published: October 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der Justizforschung wurde vorgehalten , sie betreibe eine ‚Rechtssoziologie ohne Recht‘, weil sie nicht das berufliche Verhalten von Richtern untersuche, sondern nur deren sozialen Hintergrund und Einstellungen. In einer Untersuchung von Arbeitsrichtern wurde der relative Einfluß des sozialen Hintergrundes, der Einstellungen und des Verhaltens in den Verhandlungen auf das Ergebnis eines Verfahrens, speziell auf den Erfolg des Arbeitnehmer-Klägers bestimmt. Dabei zeigt sich, daß berufsbezogenen Merkmalen größeres Gewicht zukommt als aktuellen sozialen Merkmalen und Einstellungen; diesen wiederum ein größeres Gewicht als dem sozialen Hintergrund. Die Befunde werden interpretiert im Rahmen verschiedener theoretischer Ansätze (Sozialisations-, Bezugsgruppen- und Rollentheorie, Theorien der sozialen Differenzierung).
Reproducible Surface Contrasting and Orientation Correlation of Low-Carbon Steels by Time-Resolved Beraha Color Etching
Authors: Britz D. , Hegetschweiler A. , Roberts M. , Mücklich F. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Color etchants have a huge potential in industrial applications and numerous investigations have been made to obtain a better understanding of the etching process. However, reproducibility and a solid knowledge of the ongoing processes are still missing. The work presented is a systematic study of the reproducibility of the Beraha color etching with potassium metabisulfite. By in situ observation of the etching process, the different states of the Beraha etching could be followed. It was shown that, at the beginning of the etching of dual-phase steels, the contrasting of the second phase by dissolving the less noble part of the second phase is the predominant contrast. Uncommonly, grain boundaries are hardly attacked. The color development of matrix grains is orientation sensitive and it was shown by comparison with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurements, that similar orientated grains have similar colors.
Hyperpolarization-Activated Currents and Subthreshold Resonance in Granule Cells of the Olfactory Bulb
Authors: Hu Ruilong , Ferguson Katie A. , Whiteus Christina B. , Meijer Dimphna H. , Araneda Ricardo C. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAn important contribution to neural circuit oscillatory dynamics is the ongoing activation and inactivation of hyperpolarization-activated currents (Ih). Network synchrony dynamics play an important role in the initial processing of odor signals by the main olfactory bulb (MOB) and accessory olfactory bulb (AOB). In the mouse olfactory bulb, we show thatIhis present in granule cells (GCs), the most prominent inhibitory neuron in the olfactory bulb, and thatIhunderlies subthreshold resonance in GCs. In accord with the properties ofIh, the currents exhibited sensitivity to changes in extracellular K+concentration and ZD7288 (4-ethylphenylamino-1,2-dimethyl-6-methylaminopyrimidin chloride), a blocker ofIh. ZD7288 also caused GCs to hyperpolarize and increase their input resistance, suggesting thatIhis active at rest in GCs. The inclusion of cAMP in the intracellular solution shifted the activation ofIhto less negative potentials in the MOB, but not in the AOB, suggesting that channels with different subunit composition mediateIhin these regions. Furthermore, we show that mature GCs exhibitIh-dependent subthreshold resonance in the theta frequency range (4–12 Hz). Another inhibitory subtype in the MOB, the periglomerular cells, exhibitedIh-dependent subthreshold resonance in the delta range (1–4 Hz), while principal neurons, the mitral cells, do not exhibitIh-dependent subthreshold resonance. Importantly,Ihsize, as well as the strength and frequency of resonance in GCs, exhibited a postnatal developmental progression, suggesting that this development ofIhin GCs may differentially contribute to their integration of sensory input and contribution to oscillatory circuit dynamics.
A humanized yeast proteasome identifies unique binding modes of inhibitors for the immunosubunit β5i
Authors: Huber Eva M , Heinemeyer Wolfgang , de Bruin Gerjan , Overkleeft Herman S , Groll Michael 
Published: October 2016

AbstractInhibition of the immunoproteasome subunit β5i alleviates autoimmune diseases in preclinical studies and represents a promising new anti‐inflammatory therapy. However, the lack of structural data on the human immunoproteasome still hampers drug design. Here, we systematically determined the potency of seven α' β' epoxyketone inhibitors with varying N‐caps and P3‐stereochemistry for mouse/human β5c/β5i and found pronounced differences in their subunit and species selectivity. Using X‐ray crystallography, the compounds were analyzed for their modes of binding to chimeric yeast proteasomes that incorporate key parts of human β5c, human β5i or mouse β5i and the neighboring β6 subunit. The structural data reveal exceptional conformations for the most selective human β5i inhibitors and highlight subtle structural differences as the major reason for the observed species selectivity. Altogether, the presented results validate the humanized yeast proteasome as a powerful tool for structure‐based development of β5i inhibitors with potential clinical applications.
Zika virus NS1, a pathogenicity factor with many faces
Authors: Hilgenfeld Rolf 
Published: October 2016

Recent publications in The EMBO Journal (Xu et al, ) and in Nature Structural & Molecular Biology (Brown et al, ) report crystal structures of the Zika virus (ZIKV) NS1 protein. The structures reveal unique surface properties that help explain the specificity of anti‐ZIKV NS1 antibodies. Possible functions of this multifaceted pathogenicity factor are discussed here on the basis of the structures and cautious extrapolation from other flaviviruses.
Chemotherapy Near the End of Life for Chinese Patients with Solid Malignancies
Authors: Sheng Jin , Zhang Ya-Xiong , He Xiao-Bo , Fang Wen-Feng , Yang Yun-Peng , Lin Gui-Nan , Wu Xuan , Li Ning , Zhang Jing , Zhai Lin-Zhu , Zhao Yuan-Yuan , Huang Yan , Zhou Ning-Ning , Zhao Hong-Yun , Zhang Li 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Introduction
There are increasing concerns about the negative impacts of chemotherapy near the end of life (EOL). There is discrepancy among different countries about its use, and little is known about the real-world situation in China.

Patients and Methods
This retrospective study was conducted at six representative hospitals across China. Adult decedents with a record of advanced solid cancer and palliative chemotherapy were consecutively screened from 2010 through 2014. The prevalence of EOL chemotherapy within the last 1 month of life was set as the primary outcome. The correlations among EOL chemotherapy, clinicopathological features, and overall survival (OS) were investigated.

Results
A total of 3,350 decedents who had had cancer were consecutively included; 2,098 (62.6%) were male and the median age was 56 years (range, 20–88). There were 177 (5.3%), 387 (11.6%), and 837 (25.0%) patients who received EOL chemotherapy within the last 2 weeks, 1 month, and 2 months of life, respectively. We identified inferior OS (median OS, 7.1 vs. 14.2 months; hazard ratio, 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23–1.53; p &lt; .001), more intensive treatments (e.g., admitted to intensive care unit [ICU] in the last month of life, received cardiopulmonary resuscitation and invasive ventilation support), and hospital death (odds ratio, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.14–2.06; p = .005) among patients who received continued chemotherapy within the last month compared with those who did not. However, subgroup analyses indicated that receiving oral agents correlated with fewer ICU admissions and lower rates of in-hospital death.

Conclusion
This study showed that EOL chemotherapy is commonly used in China. Intravenous chemotherapy at the EOL significantly correlated with poor outcomes and the role of oral anticancer agents warrants further investigation.
A Phase I Study of the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Higher-Dose Icotinib in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Liu Jian , Wu Lihua , Wu Guolan , Hu Xingjiang , Zhou Huili , Chen Junchun , Zhu Meixiang , Xu Wei , Tan Fenlai , Ding Lieming , Wang Yinxiang , Shentu Jianzhong 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Lessons Learned
This phase I study evaluated the maximum tolerated dose, dose-limiting toxicities, safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of icotinib with a starting dose of 250 mg in pretreated, advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. We observed a maximum tolerated dose of 500 mg with a favorable pharmacokinetics profile and antitumor activity. These findings provide clinicians with evidence for application of higher-dose icotinib.

Background.
Icotinib, an oral epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has shown favorable tolerability and antitumor activity at 100–200 mg in previous studies without reaching the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). In July 2011, icotinib was approved by the China Food and Drug Administration at a dose of 125 mg three times daily for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after failure of at least one platinum-based chemotherapy regimen. This study investigated the MTD, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of higher-dose icotinib in patients with advanced NSCLC.

Methods.
Twenty-six patients with advanced NSCLC were treated at doses of 250–625 mg three times daily The EGFR mutation test was not mandatory in this study.

Results.
Twenty-four (92.3%) of 26 patients experienced at least one adverse event (AE); rash (61.5%), diarrhea (23.1%), and oral ulceration (11.5%) were most frequent AEs. Dose-limiting toxicities were seen in 2 of 6 patients in the 625-mg group, and the MTD was established at 500 mg. Icotinib was rapidly absorbed and eliminated. The amount of time that the drug was present at the maximum concentration in serum (Tmax) ranged from 1 to 3 hours (1.5–4 hours) after multiple doses. The t1/2 was similar after single- and multiple-dose administration (7.11 and 6.39 hours, respectively). A nonlinear relationship was observed between dose and drug exposure. Responses were seen in 6 (23.1%) patients, and 8 (30.8%) patients had stable disease.

Conclusion.
This study demonstrated that higher-dose icotinib was well-tolerated, with a MTD of 500 mg. Favorable antitumor activity and pharmacokinetic profile were observed in patients with heavily pretreated, advanced NSCLC.
PROGRAMA DE INTERVENCIÓN PARA EL FOMENTO DEL BIENESTAR EMOCIONAL EN PERSONAS MAYORES
Authors: Polo González María Eugenia 
Published: October 2016

Abstract.Since a positive attitude towards life provides more happiness in old age health status per se, consistent intervention program proposed in a battery of theoretical and practical sessions aimed at people over 55 years. The aim of this workshop is that users internalize the importance of being themselves, love each other, valued and healthy relationships with others form.Keywords: positive attitude, happiness, emotional, seniors.Resumen.Dado que una actitud positiva ante la vida proporciona más felicidad en la vejez que el estado de salud per se, se propone un programa de intervención consistente en una batería de sesiones teorico-prácticas dirigidas a personas mayores de 55 años. El objetivo de este taller es que los usuarios interioricen la importancia de ser ellos mismos, quererse, valorarse y relacionarse de forma saludable con los demás. Palabras clave: actitud positiva, felicidad, bienestar emocional, adultos mayores.
LA COMPETENCIA SOCIAL DE JÓVENES UNIVERSITARIOS Y MAYORES
Authors: Plaza Carmona María , Requena Hernández Carmen , Álvarez Merino Paula 
Published: October 2016

Abstract.We find ourselves in the era of information technology and virtual communication. For this reason, it is more necessary than ever to implement educational resources based on social competence if we want that the invasion of machines won’t impose their rules over society in the twenty-first century, namely: productivity, moral indifference, emptying of feelings and emotions, etc. The present study aims to explore the social competence of young and old persons which regularly use technologies. The sample consisted in a group of 30 young university students and 38 older persons participating in introductory computer courses. The evaluation tool was a Social Abilities Questionnaire with which it is measured both the self-evaluation of the own’s social competence and the evaluation of peers. Results, in general terms, show more similitudes than differences between young and older persons: 1. Coincidence in the higher self-evaluated ability (give thanks). 2. The valuation of the own social competence is higher than that of the peers.Key words: Social competence, Young, Older persons, Computer technology, Social abilitiesResumen.Estamos en la era de la tecnología de la información y la comunicación virtual. Por ello, se hace necesario implementar, más que nunca, una educación basada en la competencia social si deseamos lograr que la invasión de las máquinas nos marquen las reglas de la sociedad del siglo XXI: productividad, indiferencia ante lo que está bien o mal, a los sentimientos, emociones, etc. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo explorar la competencia social en jóvenes y mayores que usan habitualmente las tecnologías. La muestra se formó con un grupo de 30 jóvenes universitarios y 38 personas mayores que participan en cursos de informática. El instrumento de evaluación utilizado fue un Cuestionario de Habilidades Sociales con el que se medía tanto la valoración de su propia competencia social, como la del grupo de iguales. Los resultados, en términos generales, evidencian más similitudes que diferencias entre jóvenes y mayores: 1. Coincidencia en la habilidad autoevaluada como más competente (“dar las gracias”). 2. La valoración de su propia competencia social es mejor que la de su grupo de iguales. Palabras clave: Competencia social, Jóvenes, Mayores, Informática, Habilidades sociales
Reseña: Bernárdez Rodal, A. (2015). Mujeres en Medio(s). Propuestas para analizar la comunicación masiva con perspectiva de género y Salazar Benítez, O. (2015). La igualdad en rodaje: Masculinidades, género y cine
Authors: Piñeiro-Otero Teresa 
Published: October 2016

Reseñas de libros. Asunción Bernárdez Rodal, A. (2015). Mujeres en Medio(s). Propuestas para analizar la comunicación masiva con perspectiva de género. Madrid: Editorial Fundamentos. Salazar Benítez, O. (2015). La igualdad en rodaje: Masculinidades, género y cine. Madrid: Editorial Tirant lo Blanch.
Timetabling Construction Problem (TCP)
Authors: Palgunadi Sarngadi 
Published: October 2016

It will be described the TCP in general and proposed polinomial algorithms to solve TCP in general and different classsizes in TCP. A timetabling is a tabling of conducting lessons by teachers arranged according to the room-time when they take place that must meet a number of requirements and the timing of teaching processes must quarantee that no student and no teacher has more than one lesson at the same time. Let k, m, n be the number of lessons, teachers and rooms respectively, the general TCP, as well as 2-classsizes TCP, can be solved in O(k m n)
Analisis Perbandingan Metode Vector Space Model dan Weighted Tree Similarity dengan Cosine Similarity pada kasus Pencarian Informasi Pedoman Pengobatan Dasar di Puskesmas
Authors: Basmalah Wicaksono Viko , Saptono Ristu , Widya Sihwi Sari 
Published: October 2016

<p class="keywords">Sistem pencarian merupakan salah satu solusi yang dapat membantu dalam mendapatkan informasi yang diinginkan. Dengan sistem pencarian, proses pencarian informasi akan menjadi lebih efisien. Sistem pencarian informasi pada ebook pedoman pengobatan di puskesmas sangat dibutuhkan karena terdapat banyak data penyakit di dalamnya. Dalam mengembangkan sistem pencarian pada pedoman pengobatan di puskesmas, dapat memanfaatkan metode Vector Space Model (VSM) atau Weighted Tree Similarity (WTS). Penelitian ini membandingkan metode VSM dengan WTS untuk mendapatkan metode terbaik. Selain itu, ditambahkan algoritma Hamming Distance untuk mengetahui pengaruh eksekusi waktu sistem.</p><p class="keywords">Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa WTS lebih baik dibandingkan VSM, hal ini dapat dilihat pada hasil pengujian, nilai precision pada WTS lebih baik dibandingkan VSM. Karena pada metode pencarian yang efektif adalah yang memberikan nilai ketepatan(precision) terbaik, meskipun nilai recall lebih rendah. Pada pengujian sistem, VSM menunjukkan hasil nilai rata – rata precision sebesar 44,82983 % dan recall sebesar 99,08165 %. Sedangkan pada WTS nilai rata – rata precision sebesar 52,17332% dan recall sebesar 98,61761%. Kemudian pada pengujian pakar menunjukkan precision WTS dengan rata – rata sebesar 46,675% dan recall sebesar 73,6111%. Sedangkan nilai precision VSM sebesar 33,6737% dan nilai recall sebesar 86,8056%.</p>Algoritma Hamming Distance sangat membantu dalam mempercepat eksekusi sistem. Pengaruh penggunaan algoritma Hamming Distance pada VSM memberikan hasil denganrata – rata waktu pengujian adalah 4,512 detik, sedangkan tanpa Hamming Distance adalah 9,185 detik. Kemudian Pada metode WTS dengan Hamming Distance memberikan hasil rata – rata dengan waktu pengujian adalah 6,042 detik, sedangkan tanpa Hamming Distance adalah 14,421 detik