bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Major reduction in occurrence of anti‐c and anti‐E in pregnancy after more than 10 years of preventive matched transfusion with most benefit for c‐matching
Authors: Luken Jessie S. , Folman Claudia C. , Meekers Johan H. , Lukens Michael V. , van der Schoot C. Ellen , de Haas Masja 
Published: September 2024

SummaryExtension with cE‐matching of the transfusion policy for women under 45 years to prevent alloimmunization and hemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn (HDFN) was evaluated. After implementation of cEK‐matching, anti‐c occurrence decreased from 46.8 to 30.4 per 100 000 pregnancies (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.54–0.79), while anti‐E occurrence decreased from 122.1 to 89.9 per 100 000 pregnancies (RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.66–0.84). The c‐negative women showed a higher anti‐E occurrence before cEK‐matching and a more pronounced decline with the new policy. This indicates that cEK‐matched transfusion effectively reduces alloimmunization, and that a cK‐matched approach could prevent most transfusion‐related alloimmunization and HDFN.
Infant sensitivity to social contingency moderates the predictive link between early maternal reciprocity and infants' emerging social behavior
Authors: Paz Yael , Frenkel Tahl I. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe scientific study of love underscores the importance of dyadic reciprocity in laying the foundation for infants’ social development. While research establishes links between early reciprocity and children's social capacities, some infants appear to benefit from reciprocity more than others. A central feature of reciprocity is its contingent structure, that is, the extent to which maternal behaviors are temporally associated with and contingent upon infants’ dynamically changing cues. As such, infants’ sensitivity to social contingencies may define the extent to which an infant benefits from maternal reciprocity. The current study examined the role of infants’ sensitivity to social contingency (SC) in moderating associations between early maternal reciprocity and subsequent infants’ social behavior. The study followed 157 children (47% females), across the first year of life (4, 10, and 12 months) and at preschool age (48 months). Infants' SC at 4 and 10 months moderated the link between early maternal reciprocity and infants' prosocial behavior observed at 12 months. SC at 10 months moderated the link between early reciprocity and reported peer problems at 48 months. Maternal reciprocity predicted more helping behavior in infancy and fewer peer problems at preschool, but only for infants who displayed high SC. Findings highlight the contingent nature of reciprocal mother‐infant interactions revealing that an infant's sensitivity to breaks in social‐contingency moderates the developmental benefit of reciprocity. Future research is necessary to directly test the underlying mechanisms of these processes and better understand the individual characteristics of infants’ sensitivity to social contingency and its’ role in typical and atypical development.Research Highlights
Individual differences in infants’ sensitivity to breaks in social contingencies may moderate the extent to which infants benefit from contingent reciprocal maternal behavior (i.e., maternal reciprocity).
Maternal reciprocity predicted more helping behavior in infancy and fewer peer problems at preschool, but only for infants who displayed high sensitivity to breaks in social contingency.
Findings highlight the contingent nature of reciprocal mother‐infant interactions revealing that infants’ sensitivity to breaks in social‐contingency moderates the developmental benefit of reciprocity.
Findings emphasize the need to develop measurement methods and direct empirical attention to the important yet understudied individual characteristic of infants’ sensitivity to social contingency and its role in shaping social development.
When do petrostates diversify their exports? Urgency, interests, and policy design in Egypt, Kazakhstan, and Malaysia
Authors: Blankenship Brian , Lisko Christian , Overland Indra , Urpelainen Johannes , Vakulchuk Roman , Yang Joonseok 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMotivationThe need to diversify their economies is an enduring challenge for fossil fuel‐dependent countries, one which will become ever more important as the world seeks to decarbonize. But the conditions under which major oil‐producing countries (petrostates) seek to diversify their exports—and those under which their attempts succeed—are poorly understood.PurposeThis article tests competing explanations for the successes and failures of petrostates' export diversification.Methods and approachWe employ a comparative case study approach using qualitative evidence from two comparatively successful diversification cases—Egypt and Malaysia—and one less successful case—Kazakhstan—selected using a Theil index of export concentration.FindingsThe evidence indicates that Egypt and Malaysia's more successful outcomes stemmed more from necessity and policy design than from differences in domestic institutions and interests. All three countries were motivated to diversify by price volatility and declining revenues at various points from the 1980s to the 2000s and beyond, but reserve depletion was a greater threat in Egypt and Malaysia. As such, they adopted a more balanced approached to diversification, one that combined liberalization with state intervention.Policy implicationsThese cases suggest that petrostates may be willing and able to diversify as the global shift toward renewables raises the prospect of unburnable oil reserves. Petrostates can diversify efficiently by using a basket of policies that includes a mix of economic liberalization and government intervention to create investment and incentives in non‐oil tradeable sectors and nurture infant industries. Opposition to reforms in petrostates can be addressed by selectively compensating vested interests.
Adipocyte maturation impacts daunorubicin disposition and metabolism
Authors: Li Zeyang , Ngu Rachael , Naik Aditya Anil , Trinh Kaitlyn , Paharkova Vladislava , Liao Hanyue , Liu Yulu , Zhuang Cindy , Le Danh , Pei Hua , Asante Isaac , Mittelman Steven D. , Louie Stan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionAcute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common type of childhood leukaemia with effective chemotherapeutic treatment. However, obesity has been associated with higher ALL chemoresistance rates and lower event‐free survival rates. The molecular mechanism of how obesity promotes chemotherapy resistance is not well delineated.ObjectivesThis study evaluated the effect of adipocyte maturation on sequestration and metabolism of chemotherapeutic drug daunorubicin (DNR).MethodsUsing targeted LC‐MS/MS multi‐analyte assay, DNR sequestration and metabolism were studied in human preadipocyte and adipocyte cell lines, where expressions of DNR‐metabolizing enzymes aldo‐keto reductases (AKR) and carbonyl reductases (CBR) were also evaluated. In addition, to identify the most DNR‐metabolizing AKR/CBR isoforms, recombinant human AKR and CBR enzymes were subject to DNR metabolism. The results were further validated by AKR‐, CBR‐specific inhibitors.ResultsThis report shows that adipocyte maturation upregulates expressions of AKR and CBR enzymes (by 4‐ to 60‐ folds, p < .05), which is positively associated with enhanced sequestration and metabolism of DNR in adipocytes compared to preadipocytes (by ~30%, p < .05). In particular, adipocyte maturation upregulates AKR1C3 and CBR1, which are the predominate metabolic enzyme isoforms responsible for DNR biotransformation to its metabolites.ConclusionFat is an expandable tissue that can sequester and detoxify DNR when stimulated by obesity, likely through the upregulation of DNR‐metabolizing enzymes AKR1C3 and CBR1. Our data partially explains why obese ALL patients may be more likely to become chemoresistant towards DNR, and provides evidence for potential clinical investigation targeting obesity to reduce DNR chemoresistance.
Venetoclax Combined With FLAG‐IDA in Refractory or Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Wille Kai , Dumke Marvin , Wilsdorf Nadine , Sadjadian Parvis , Schneider Artur , Jender‐Bartling Stephanie , Kolatzki Vera , Horstmann Anette , Meixner Raphael , Jiménez‐Muñoz Marina , Fuchs Christiane , Tischler Hans‐Joachim , Griesshammer Martin 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe prognosis of patients with refractory or relapsed AML (R/R‐AML) is very limited. To (re)achieve complete remission, there has recently been increasing evidence that the combination of venetoclax (VEN) with chemotherapy is associated with improved outcomes.Patients and MethodsOur retrospective, single‐center study of 53 R/R‐AML patients with a median follow‐up time of 11.0 months compared standard salvage chemotherapy (FLAG‐Ida or HAM in n = 35 patients) with a combination of venetoclax (VEN) and FLAG‐Ida (FLAVIDA in n = 18 patients) concerning safety and efficacy.ResultsRegarding the primary endpoints, there was a statistically significant increased event free survival (EFS) in the FLAVIDA group compared to patients with standard chemotherapy based on the univariate log‐rank‐test and in the multivariate Cox regression analysis (HR 0.22 [95% CI 0.05, 0.97]). There were no differences between the two groups in terms of patients developing febrile neutropenia CTCAE III° and IV° or a delay in hematological recovery. In addition, a clear trend towards an improved overall response rate (78% vs. 51%) was demonstrated in the FLAVIDA group.ConclusionsThe FLAVIDA regimen represents a promising treatment alternative for R/R AML patients with a high response rate and significantly improved EFS compared to standard chemotherapy.
Differential efficacy of remote ischaemic conditioning in anterior versus posterior circulation stroke: A prespecified secondary analysis of the RICAMIS trial
Authors: Shen Xin‐Yu , Dai Ying‐Jie , Nguyen Thanh N. , Chen Hui‐Sheng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe benefit of remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC) in acute moderate ischaemic stroke has been demonstrated by the Remote Ischaemic Conditioning for Acute Moderate Ischaemic Stroke (RICAMIS) study. This prespecified exploratory analysis aimed to determine whether there was a difference of RIC efficacy in anterior versus posterior circulation stroke based on RICAMIS data.MethodsIn this analysis, eligible patients presenting within 48 h of stroke onset were divided into two groups: anterior circulation stroke (ACS) and posterior circulation stroke (PCS) groups. The primary endpoint was an excellent functional outcome, defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0–1 at 90 days.ResultsIn all, 1013 patients were included in the final analysis, including 642 with ACS and 371 with PCS. Compared with the control group, RIC was significantly associated with an increased proportion of mRS scores 0–1 within 90 days in the PCS group (unadjusted odds ratio 1.6, 95% confidence interval 1.0–2.4, p = 0.04; adjusted odds ratio 2.0, 95% confidence interval 1.2–3.3, p = 0.005), but not in the ACS group (p = 0.29). Similar results were found regarding secondary outcomes including mRS score 0–2 at 90 days, mRS distribution at 90 days and change in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at day 12 from baseline. However, there was no significant interaction effect between stroke location and intervention on the primary outcome (pinteraction = 0.21).ConclusionAmongst patients with acute PCS who are not candidates for reperfusion treatment, RIC may be associated with a higher probability of improved functional outcomes. These findings need to be validated in prospective trials.
How to green the European auto ABS market? A literature survey
Authors: Latino Carmelo , Pelizzon Loriana , Riedel Max 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis literature survey explores the potential avenues for the design of a green auto asset‐backed security (Green Auto ABS) by focusing on the European auto securitization market. In this context, we examine the entire value chain of the securitization process to understand the incentives and interests involved at various stages of the transaction. We review recent regulatory developments, feasibility concerns, and potential designs of a sustainable securitization framework. Our study suggests that a Green Auto ABS could be based on both a green use of proceeds and a green collateral‐based methodology.
RNA–DNA hybrids on protein coding genes are stabilized by loss of RNase H and are associated with DNA damages during S‐phase in fission yeast
Authors: Sagi Tomoko , Sadato Daichi , Takayasu Kazuto , Sasanuma Hiroyuki , Kanoh Yutaka , Masai Hisao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRNA–DNA hybrid is a part of the R‐loop which is an important non‐standard nucleic acid structure. RNA–DNA hybrid/R‐loop causes genomic instability by inducing DNA damages or inhibiting DNA replication. It also plays biologically important roles in regulation of transcription, replication, recombination and repair. Here, we have employed catalytically inactive human RNase H1 mutant (D145N) to visualize RNA–DNA hybrids and map their genomic locations in fission yeast cells. The RNA–DNA hybrids appear as multiple nuclear foci in rnh1∆rnh201∆ cells lacking cellular RNase H activity, but not in the wild‐type. The majority of RNA–DNA hybrid loci are detected at the protein coding regions and tRNA. In rnh1∆rnh201∆ cells, cells with multiple Rad52 foci increase during S‐phase and about 20% of the RNA–DNA hybrids overlap with Rad52 loci. During S‐phase, more robust association of Rad52 with RNA–DNA hybrids was observed in the protein coding region than in M‐phase. These results suggest that persistent RNA–DNA hybrids in the protein coding region in rnh1∆rnh201∆ cells generate DNA damages during S‐phase, potentially through collision with DNA replication forks.
Gastric Cancer Screening: Intention to Adhere and Patients' Perspective
Authors: Silva João Carlos , Dinis‐Ribeiro Mário , Tavares Fernando , Libânio Diogo 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsGastric cancer (GC) is the third cause of cancer mortality worldwide. A screening strategy that combines an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) with a screening colonoscopy may be cost‐effective in intermediate‐risk regions. This study aimed to evaluate the intention to adhere to combined endoscopic screening and assess knowledge of GC symptoms, risk factors, and barriers to screening.MethodsCross‐sectional study enrolling individuals eligible for CRC screening in northern Portugal, where a populational fecal occult blood test (FOBT) program is implemented. The validated PERCEPT‐PREVENT tool was applied across three groups: (a) not yet invited to CRC screening, (b) FOBT‐positive referred to colonoscopy, and (c) primary colonoscopy screening.ResultsA high acceptance rate was observed for combined endoscopic screening (94%; n = 264) [not yet invited to CRC screening 98% (n = 90) vs. FOBT‐positive referred to colonoscopy 90% (n = 103) vs. primary colonoscopy 97% (n = 71); p = 0.017], with the vast majority reporting intention to adhere in the setting of full reimbursement (97%; n = 255). Most respondents were unaware of any possible GC symptom (76%; n = 213), risk factor (73%; n = 205), and UGIE‐related complication (85%; n = 237). Regular follow‐up with the primary care physician (Odds Ratio (OR) 27.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.99–254.57), lower perceived negative health consequences of UGIE (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.13–1.74), and lower perceived financial burden (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.04–5.85) were the only factors independently associated with a higher intention to undergo combined screening.ConclusionsWillingness to undergo combined endoscopic screening was notably high and positively impacted by lower perceived barriers. Additional efforts should be undertaken to improve levels of digestive health literacy.
Reclaiming & reasserting Third World womanhoods in U.S. higher education
Authors: Sicka Bhavika 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study combines narrative inquiry with Third World feminism to bring a nuanced and scopic perspective of Third World women student experiences in US higher education. Specifically, it utilises Talpade Mohanty's concept of Third World womanhood to visibilise the experiences of five Third World international female students. Understanding womanhood as transnationally fluid and contextual, I investigate how women international students from the Third World perceive themselves to be misrepresented or homogenised in Western higher education. I also examine how gender and foreignness act as dynamic, interrelated categories in doubly‐othering this population. The purpose is to identify how Third World women students enact agency and contest reductive stereotypes. Findings reveal that Third World women students confront a range of exclusions in the US university, including being typecast as poor, needy, and civilisationally lacking, which predicates the (over‐) representation of Third World women as constrained and backward. Third World feminism emerges as a powerful intervention to unsettle colonial and oriental discourses in education and empower minoritised women to determinate selfhood.
Exploring General Practitioners' Management of Self‐Harm in Young People: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mughal Faraz , Saunders Benjamin , Lewis Martyn , Armitage Christopher J. , Dikomitis Lisa , Lancaster Gillian , Townsend Ellen , Chew‐Graham Carolyn A. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundGeneral practitioners (GPs) are key to the frontline assessment and treatment of young people after self‐harm. Young people value GP‐led self‐harm care, but little is known about how GPs manage young people after self‐harm.AimThis study aimed to understand the approaches of GPs to self‐harm in young people and explore their perspectives on ways they might help young people avoid repeat self‐harm.MethodsWe conducted semi‐structured interviews with GPs from the National Health Service in England in 2021. GPs were recruited from four geographically spread clinical research networks and a professional special interest group. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. The study's patient and public involvement and community of practice groups supported participant recruitment and data analysis.ResultsFifteen interviews were undertaken with a mean age of participants being 41 years and a breadth of experience in practice ranging from 1 to 22 years. Four themes were generated: GPs' understanding of self‐harm; approaches to managing self‐harm; impact of COVID‐19 on consultations about self‐harm; and ways to avoid future self‐harm.ConclusionNegative attitudes towards self‐harm within clinical settings are well documented, but GPs said they took self‐harm seriously, listened to young people, sought specialist support when concerned and described appropriate ways to help young people avoid self‐harm. GPs felt that relationship‐based care is an important element of self‐harm care but feared remote consultations for self‐harm may impede on this. There is a need for brief GP‐led interventions to reduce repeat self‐harm in young people.Patient and Public ContributionA study advisory group consisting of young people aged 16–25 years with personal experience of self‐harm and parents and carers of young people who have self‐harmed designed the recruitment poster of this study, informed its topic guide and contributed to its findings.
Efficacy of a new vacuum erection device (Vigor 2020) for erectile dysfunction: A retrospective study in Japan
Authors: Shirai Masato , Sano Masataka , Anno Yuta , Ishikawa Keisuke , Taniguchi Ayumu , Kure Akimasa , Uesaka Yuka , Nozaki Taiji , Fukuhara Shinichiro , Iwasa Atsushi , Kobayashi Kazuhiro , Kato Jun , Tsujimura Akira 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesThe vacuum erection device (VED) is a second‐line treatment tool recommended in erectile dysfunction (ED) guidelines but has long been unavailable in Japan. A new VED, Vigor 2020® (A & HB Company Limited, Tokyo, Japan), has now been manufactured and received medical approval from the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency in Japan. We conducted a retrospective observational study of ED patients who used Vigor 2020 in clinical practice.MethodsWe analyzed male ED patients aged ≥20 years treated with Vigor 2020 in our outpatient clinics. The primary endpoint was improvement of erection as evaluated by an Erection Hardness Score (EHS) of ≥1 point. Secondary endpoints were improvement of sexual function and adverse events as evaluated by the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and Male Sexual Health Questionnaire for assessing ejaculatory dysfunction (MSHQ‐EjD).ResultsThirty‐three patients (mean age, 57.21 [27–86] years) could be evaluated before and after using Vigor 2020. Among the 16 patients with baseline EHS ≤2, 14 (93.33%) improved by ≥1 point, and 10 of these 16 patients (62.50%) improved to EHS ≥3 and could insert vaginally. Significant improvement was observed for IIEF total score and for the MSHQ‐EjD in patients with an EHS of ≥3 after use of Vigor 2020. No patient experienced significant adverse events.ConclusionsThe Vigor 2020 may be an efficacious treatment tool for ED. Patients with significant ED experienced not only significant improvement of erection but also improvement of ejaculation with its use.
Dose compliance of estramustine phosphate in neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy combined with degarelix acetate predicts the biochemical recurrence in patients with very high‐risk prostate cancer who underwent robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: Kambe Takanari , Yamasaki Toshinari , Yamamoto Akihiro , Nagoshi Akihiko , Fujiwara Tasuku , Mine Yuta , Hagimoto Hiroki , Igarashi Atsushi , Kokubun Hidetoshi , Murata Shiori , Akagi Naoki , Hattori Yuto , Abe Yohei , Tsutsumi Naofumi , Shibasaki Noboru , Kawakita Mutsushi 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant degarelix acetate and low‐dose estramustine phosphate for high−/very high‐risk prostate cancer.MethodsOverall, 187 patients diagnosed with National Comprehensive Cancer Network high−/very high‐risk cTanyN0M0 localized prostate cancer who consented to undergo robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy after receiving neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy for 6 months were prospectively enrolled between December 2017 and March 2023. Adverse events, perioperative and histopathological outcomes, and biochemical recurrence‐free survival rates were examined. Survival analysis compared the estramustine phosphate completion and reduction groups.ResultsThirty‐six patients discontinued neoadjuvant therapy in <5 months owing to adverse events (n = 34) or other reasons (n = 2). Eleven were excluded for being in the postoperative castration range. Of the 140 patients who underwent surgery, 124 continued with two tablets of estramustine phosphate and 16 with one tablet. Overall, 82 patients were very high‐risk. Histopathological outcomes were significantly worse in the very high‐risk group than those in the high‐risk group. Very high‐risk status and estramustine phosphate reduction were significant factors in biochemical recurrence in multivariate analysis. The biochemical recurrence‐free survival rate in very high‐risk patients was significantly lower in the estramustine phosphate dose reduction group than in the completion group but not significant in high‐risk patients. Major adverse events were anemia (n = 174), elevated transaminase levels (n = 68), and deep vein thrombosis (n = 24). Severe adverse events included acute coronary syndrome (n = 4) and pulmonary embolism (n = 3).ConclusionsDose compliance with estramustine phosphate predicted biochemical recurrence in patients with very high‐risk prostate cancer undergoing robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy with neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy.