bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of the Age Related Skin Changes Using High-Frequency Ultrasound
Authors: Kozarova A. , Kozar M. , Minarikova E. , Pappova T. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Skin aging has become an area of increasing research interest in dermatovenerology. Changes in the skin associated with aging can be detected by high - frequency 20 MHz ultrasonography, which is a useful diagnostic technique allowing reliable imaging of cutaneous and superficial subcutaneous structures.
Skin thickness is considered an objective parameter providing assessment of the influence of endogenous or exogenous factors, such as ultraviolet (UV) or infrared (IR) rays. Except for the changes in the skin thickness, there are also specific structural changes in the dermis of older subjects - subepidermal low echogenic band (SLEB) - that is a manifestation of photoaging severity. The main aim of this study was to identify and characterize the specific ultrasonographic changes of the cutaneous structure related to age and degree of photo exposure (the presence and measurement of SLEB).
Dermoscopy as a Valuable Tool in Diagnosis of Nodular Amelanotic Melanoma and Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Smolarova M. , Minarikova E. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Nodular amelanotic melanoma has been always a great challenge in dermatology. Because of lack of melanin pigment, tumors are diagnosed usually in advanced stage. Amelanotic melanoma can mimic basal cell carcinoma. Knowledge of typical dermoscopic structures helps to establish diagnosis and to plan surgery with appropriate safety margins. In amelanotic melanoma we can see typical vessels, white streaks or milky red globules on pink-reddish background. Vessels are typically thin and polymorphous in thick amelanotic melanoma. We had a case when vessels were polymorphous but thick. It can be confusing with nodular basal cell carcinoma where vessels are typically thick and arborizing. Nodular basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of basal cell carcinoma. Dermoscopy is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma. Typical dermoscopic structures are arborizing vessels, possible sites of ulceration and/or pigmentation. We describe a case report of patient with typical dermoscopic structures seen in nodular basal cell carcinoma.
Behavioral Despair in the Talmud: New Solutions to Unsolved Millennium-Old Legal Problems
Authors: Maymin Philip Z. , Maymin Zakhar G. , Maymin Zina N. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
We solve two “unsolvable” (teyku) problems from the Talmud that had remained unsolved for about one and a half thousand years despite massive and nearly continuous commentary and analysis throughout the centuries. The Talmudic problems concern the implied decision-making of farmers who have left some scattered fruit behind, and the alleged impossibility of knowing whether they would return for given amounts of fruit over given amounts of land area if we aware of their behavior at exactly one point. We solve the problems by formalizing the Talmudic discussion and expressing five natural economic and mathematical assumptions that are also eminently reasonable in the original domain. If we also allow a sixth assumption regarding the farmer’s minimum wage, we can solve two other related unsolvable problems.
New insight in cereal starch degradation: identification and structural characterization of four α-amylases in bread wheat
Authors: Mieog Jos C. , Janeček Štefan , Ral Jean-Philippe 
Published: May 2017

AbstractGrain α-amylase presents an apparent paradox for the wheat community. Despite the necessity of α-amylase for the seed germination process, high levels of amylase activity in the grain are considered detrimental for grain quality. Wheat α-amylases (EC 3.2.1.1) are endohydrolases belonging to the GH13_6 subfamily, one of the most studied subclasses of glycoside hydrolase (GH) family GH13. However, no comprehensive study had been done so far to describe and catalogue all the wheat α-amylase isoforms, despite compelling information on the involvement of two α-amylases on economically important issues for the international cereal community, namely pre-harvest sprouting and late maturity α-amylase. This study describes for the first time the genomic localization, nucleotide and amino acid sequences, phylogeny and expression profile of all known α-amylases in wheat, including a hitherto unknown fourth isoform here designated as TaAMY4. Isoform profiling strongly suggested α-amylases to be working in partnership to achieve complete degradation of a starch granule, whereas expression profiling revealed a potential involvement of TaAMY4 in the late maturity α-amylase problem.
Polluted water exacerbates Barbus callensis oocyte oxidative status
Authors: Wafia Khebbache , Iguer-Ouada Mokrane , Bellik Yuva 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The deleterious effects of environmental pollutants on cellular components and tissues damage in fish have been studied extensively. However, there is no data about the oxidative status of fish oocytes once released into water. This study aimed to investigate the effects of polluted (Soummam River) and unpolluted (Agrioun River) fresh water on the oxidative biomarkers of Barbus callensis (=Lucibarbus callensis) (Val.) oocytes. The experimental design consisted of collecting fish oocytes from polluted and unpolluted rivers and then activating these oocytes separately in water collected from each site. Four groups were considered: oocytes from the Agrioun River activated in Agrioun fresh water (A-oocytes/A-fresh water); oocytes from the Agrioun River activated in Soummam fresh water (A-oocytes/S-fresh water); oocytes from the Soummam River activated in Agrioun fresh water (S-oocytes/A-fresh water); and oocytes from the Soummam River activated in Soummam fresh water (S-oocytes/S-fresh water). Oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated by measuring total antioxidant status (TAS), catalase (CAT) activity, and cell-free hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations. The results showed that the oxidative status of fish oocytes was significantly affected by the quality of fresh water. Unpolluted fresh water improved the antioxidant activity of the fish oocytes. The results of this study suggest that once oocytes are released into polluted water, antioxidant protection is affected with subsequent cellular oxidative damage and potential reproduction impairment.
Protected Values and Other Types of Values
Authors: Baron Jonathan 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Protected values (PVs) are values protected from trade-offs with other values. They are absolute in this sense. People hold these values even when they do not necessarily abide by them in their behavior. I suggest that most of these values are a subset of deontological rules, defined by their absoluteness. Their origin may be understood by looking at the origin of deontological rules more generally, which includes religious (hence sacred) values among others. But PVs are usually maintained by lack of reflection of the sort that would see counterexamples to their absoluteness. PVs often have other characteristics that would lead to classification into other types of values: they are often moralistic (imposed on others regardless of the willingness of others to accept them); they are about morality rather than convention and thus independent of authority or social consensus; and they often concern second-order preferences (values for values). Especially in combination with these other properties, PVs can be harmful in the domain of politics. Education in the sort of reflection that would lead people to question them could improve the political situation around the world.
Religion beyond Communicative Reason
Authors: Albinus Lars 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The development in Habermas’ political philosophy towards a greater appreciation of religion in the public sphere is already a much discussed issue. In this article, however, I argue first of all for the sustained significance of his theory of communicative action and its structural implications for a religious discourse in a modern, multicultural society. Habermas’ theory is remarkable for its double commitment to social theory and philosophical self-reflection. Thus, it claims to offer a 2nd person perspective of communicative reason for which there is no alternative but discursive particularism. Though the endorsement of rational commitment to engage in a free dialogical discourse stands as a well-argued precondition for a democratic constitution, the theory of communicative action nevertheless seems negligent of some of the problematic ramifications it may have for religious believers. For one thing, the theory tends to trivialize various forms of religion by associating them collectively with the validity criterion of subjective authenticity, thus putting them in a black box of particularism. Moreover, it undermines religious holism by its distinction between form and content, thus enacting a form of discursive power that contradicts its own pretention.
An Empirical Critique of Re-Sacralisation
Authors: Bruce Steve 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
This article examines the evidence that largely secular societies are experiencing a process of re-sacralisation. It first dismisses four diversions: taking examples from societies that have never been secular; exaggerating the demographics and religiosity of migrant minorities; missing the fact that religious institutions can only hope to have public influence if they can make a secular case for their preferences; and mistaking notoriety for popularity. It then shows that adherence to Christianity continues to decline apace as does specifically Christian belief. None of the candidates for replacement-non-Christian religions, new religious movements and alternative spirituality-has come at all close to filling the gap left by the Christian churches. Furthermore there is no evidence that governments wish to reverse the standard accommodation to religious diversity and secularity: anything in private; little or nothing in the public sphere. There is no evidence that the population at large wishes it were otherwise. On the contrary. As religion has become more controversial, religion enjoying public influence has, like religion itself, become less, not more popular. Finally, the article argues that the current scarcity of religious people, and the unusual characteristics of those who remain religious, make it ever less likely that there will be a religious revival. So that sufficient detail can be presented, the argument concentrates on the United Kingdom.
Comment on Steve Bruce
Authors: Reddig Melanie 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
In his paper Bruce gives the impression that all proponents of the resacralisation thesis expect the comeback of religion in Western Europe. But this is not the case. The re-sacralisation thesis concentrates on religious developments beyond the West. Bruce rejects approaches that discuss the classical secularisation thesis with regard to worldwide developments. However, the examination of worldwide developments reveals that religion and modernity can be intertwined in multiple ways. All in all, Bruce’s argumentation could be extended to the discussion of factors that can explain the decline as well as the rise of religion in different regions of the world.Moreover, the way in which modern individuals believe and express their faith could be discussed.
The Requirements of Justice and Liberal Socialism
Authors: Holt Justin P. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Recent scholarship has considered the requirements of justice and economic regimes in the work of John Rawls. This work has not delved into the requirements of justice and liberal socialism as deeply as the work done on property-owning democracy. A thorough treatment of liberal socialism and the requirements of justice is needed. This paper seeks to begin to fill this gap. It will be argued that liberal socialism does significantly better in realizing the two principles of justice. In this paper, first an overview of Rawls’ position on economic regimes, capitalism, and the requirements of justice will be given. In particular it will be considered, how the two principles work in tandem to meet the demands of distributive justice. Secondly, property-owning democracy will be reviewed. Finally, liberal socialism will be examined and discussed as an economic regime that answers the requirements of justice more fully.
Data Scattering in Strength Measurement of Steels and Glass/Epoxy Composite
Authors: Catangiu Adrian , Ungureanu Dan Nicolae , Despa Veronica 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The strength of materials is a complex function which involve two main components, material nature and the presence of defects. Usually glasses exhibit a fragile behavior due to a numerous flaws and the effect is a large range of data scattering in tensile strength measurement. The Weibull probability density function was applied to describe the scatter of experimental data in tensile test, which emphasize a difference between variance in case of tensile strength of three stainless steel grades and glass epoxy composite. The main goal is mathematical modeling of those distributions and finding of equations which predict the probability of failure for a sample subjected to a specific stress.
On the Assessment Mode of Some Safety Coefficients Using Breaking Polynomial Criteria
Authors: Iatan Radu , Florescu Pavel , Popa Carmen , Tomescu Gheorghiţa 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Starting of the characteristic expressions of some breaking polynomial criteria, known and used in practice, it is highlighted how to assess the safety coefficients used in some practical cases. It is obvious that the decision belongs to the user given the experience in the adequate technical domain. In this regard it must not neglect the fact in that the breakage is produced most often in unpredictable moments, conditioned by multiple factors, dependent on material, on manufacturing technologies of finished products, respective the operating conditions.
Studies Regarding the Reaction Method to Wear Braking Mechanism
Authors: Petre Ivona , Poinescu Aurora Anca , Catangiu Adrian , Mihai Simona 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
With the development of industry have made efforts to improve the performance of braking systems of motor vehicles on public roads. The choice of materials used for coupling brake system involved the development of new materials that meet safety requirements in circulation. During braking of any vehicle, due to the friction created between the disk and pad, temperature rise occurs with negative effects on the process of slowing down the vehicle. Mechanical and thermal stress being put on the brakes is very high. Due to overheating, brake discs and pads may warp or crack, and the material they are made may their change its structure. These defects give rise to vibrations and noise during braking, to reduce the coefficient of friction, reduce the effectiveness of the braking mechanism. This paper proposes a study regarding the thermal stresses effects of brake mechanism on the disc material of a car Dacia Logan. It proposes a theoretical model to calculate the temperature that occurred during the operation of the braking system and experimental analysis on the influence of temperature on the brake disc material.
Applying the Business Process and Practice Alignment Meta-model: Daily Practices and Process Modelling
Authors: Ventura Martins Paula , Zacarias Marielba 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Background: Business Process Modelling (BPM) is one of the most important phases of information system design. Business Process (BP) meta-models allow capturing informational and behavioural aspects of business processes. Unfortunately, standard BP meta-modelling approaches focus just on process description, providing different BP models. It is not possible to compare and identify related daily practices in order to improve BP models. This lack of information implies that further research in BP meta-models is needed to reflect the evolution/change in BP. Considering this limitation, this paper introduces a new BP meta-model designed by Business Process and Practice Alignment Meta-model (BPPAMeta-model). Our intention is to present a meta-model that addresses features related to the alignment between daily work practices and BP descriptions. Objectives: This paper intends to present a metamodel which is going to integrate daily work information into coherent and sound process definitions. Methods/Approach: The methodology employed in the research follows a design-science approach. Results: The results of the case study are related to the application of the proposed meta-model to align the specification of a BP model with work practices models. Conclusions: This meta-model can be used within the BPPAM methodology to specify or improve business processes models based on work practice descriptions.
Data Mining Usage in Corporate Information Security: Intrusion Detection Applications
Authors: Al Quhtani Masoud 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Background: The globalization era has brought with it the development of high technology, and therefore new methods of preserving and storing data. New data storing techniques ensure data are stored for longer periods of time, more efficiently and with a higher quality, but also with a higher data abuse risk. Objective: The goal of the paper is to provide a review of the data mining applications for the purpose of corporate information security, and intrusion detection in particular. Methods/approach: The review was conducted using the systematic analysis of the previously published papers on the usage of data mining in the field of corporate information security. Results: This paper demonstrates that the use of data mining applications is extremely useful and has a great importance for establishing corporate information security. Data mining applications are directly related to issues of intrusion detection and privacy protection. Conclusions: The most important fact that can be specified based on this study is that corporations can establish a sustainable and efficient data mining system that will ensure privacy and successful protection against unwanted intrusions.
Comparison the Efficient Reclamation of Different Inorganic Materials with Organic Amendments to Rice-Wheat Crop Sustainable Production in Salt-Affected Soils
Authors: Saqib A.I. , Ahmed K. , Qadir G. , Nawaz M.Q. , Rizwan M. , Zaka M.A. , Warraich I.A. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Amelioration of salt-affected soils requires an integrated management approach, which not only improves their effectiveness for improving soil properties, but also increases the crop production and quality of the produce. Hence, a study was planned to evaluate combined use of organic and inorganic amendments for better rehabilitation of salt affected soil in ricewheat cropping sequence from 2013 to 2016. Treatments included T1 - control, T2 - gypsum @ 100 SGR, T3 - CaCl2 @ 50% SGR, T4 - CaCl2 @ 50% SGR + biogas slurry @ 10 tˑha-1, T5 - H2SO4 @ 25% GR, T6 - H2SO4 @ 25% SGR + biogas slurry @10 tˑha-1. A saline sodic field was selected, prepared and leveled. Composite soil samples were collected and analyzed for pHs = 9.15, ECe (dS m-1) = 4.86, SAR (mmol L-1)1/2 = 42.52 and GR (tˑha-1) = 8.64. Experiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications. The inorganic amendments (gypsum and CaCl2) were applied 30 days before rice transplanting in the respective treatment plots, followed by leaching while biogas slurry was applied 15 days before transplanting and H2SO4 was applied with first irrigation. Recommended dose of fertilizer 120-110-70 NPK kg ha-1 for wheat (Inqlab-91) and 110-90-60 NPK kg ha-1 for rice (Shaheen Basmati) was applied. Soil samples were collected before application of amendment and after harvesting of each crop. Straw and grain/paddy yield data were recorded at maturity. Pooled data showed that grain/paddy and straw yield of wheat and rice crop was higher in T2 (gypsum @ 100% SGR), but statistically (P≤ 0.05) non significant with T4 (CaCl2 @ 50% SGR + biogas slurry @ 10 tˑha-1). T3 (CaCl2 @ 50 % SGR) was at par with T6 (H2SO4 @ 25% SGR + biogas slurry @ 10 tˑha-1), followed by T5 (H2SO4 @ 25% SGR). The minimum yield was recorded in T1 (control). Soil analysis showed that pHs, ECe and SAR were significantly decreased in T2, (Gypsum @ 100% SGR), followed by T4 (CaCl2 @ 50% SGR + biogas slurry @ 10 tˑha-1). Hence, CaCl2 @ 50% SGR + biogas slurry @ 10 tˑha-1 may be an effective alternative reclamation strategy for areas that are restricted use because of salinity.
Using Gelatin to Produce Honey Jelly From Citrus, Clover and Cotton Liquid Honey
Authors: Elhamid A.M. Abd , Abou-Shaara H.F. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The liquid form of honey is relatively undesirable because honey could be crystallized and then spoilage under certain conditions. In this study, producing honey jelly from liquid citrus, clover and cotton honey using gelatin was investigated. Only gelatin and water were used to produce the honey jelly without other additives. Some chemical components were then determined in produced honey jelly of each type, in comparison with components of liquid honey. The results showed that solid honey jelly can be obtained using 10 g gelatin dissolved in 50 ml per 200 g honey. Using different amounts of gelatin and water did not show significant impact on measured components of produced jelly. Liquid honey had significantly higher percentage of sugars than jelly honey. The variations between the two types of honey were about 9.9, 9.7, and 9.75% for fructose, 13.5, 19.86 and 19.15% for glucose, 2.44, 1.85, and 1.7% for sucrose, for citrus, clover and cotton, in respect. The viscosity of honey jelly was significantly higher (from 82 to 90.66 poise) than liquid honey (from 31.63 to 63.86 poise) for each honey type. The moisture ranged insignificantly (P> 0.05) from 36.03 to 38.36% for honey jelly, and insignificantly (P> 0.05) from 17.35 to 20.00% for liquid honey of all honey types; pH values showed insignificant variations between liquid honey and honey jelly. Fructose and moisture of liquid honey showed insignificant weak correlation with components of honey jelly. Glucose, sucrose and pH of liquid honey are correlated significantly by 88%, 86%, and 84% with percentages of glucose and sucrose, and pH of honey jelly, respectively. Producing honey jelly using gelatin could be considered as a promising product from liquid honey to encourage bee honey marketing.