bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergy of AI and Blockchain to Secure Electronic Healthcare Records
Authors: Rathore Nitin , Kumari Aparna , Patel Margi , Chudasama Alok , Bhalani Dhyey , Tanwar Sudeep , Alabdulatif Abdulatif 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIn this article, we delve into the intersection of blockchain technology and artificial intelligence (AI) to fortify the security of electronic health records (EHRs). Existing EHR systems face challenges like interoperability issues, user interface complexities, and data security concerns, hindering seamless patient care and healthcare delivery. This article thoroughly explores the hurdles associated with EHR security and investigates the potential of employing blockchain and AI solutions to mitigate these challenges. The review underscores the necessity for resilient, interoperable systems to protect sensitive health information by pinpointing opportunities for collaborative strategies. In essence, this article contributes valuable perspectives on the dynamic landscape of EHR security, guiding future research and development at the crossroads of blockchain; we presented a case study on EHR security, customized care, predictive analytics, and more efficient healthcare delivery. Using case studies as illustrative examples, the article scrutinizes practical applications, shedding light on successful implementations and areas requiring refinement. Several outcomes for the predictive analytics of patients' surgeries are shown in this case study. Next, we compare blockchain‐based EHR systems with existing, non‐blockchain‐based EHR systems. Finally, we present the concluding remarks with future directions for integrating blockchain, AI, and EHR systems.
Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) Principles in Development and Validation of Stability‐Indicating RP‐HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Diltiazem HCl and Eugenol in Nanoethosomes
Authors: Usgaonkar Purva , Adhyapak Anjana , Koli Rahul 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe study developed and validated a robust reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) method for a simultaneous estimation of Diltiazem HCl and Eugenol in nanoethosomes using analytical quality by design (AQbD) principles. The optimized method utilized a mobile phase of methanol and 0.1% Orthophosphoric acid (OPA) in a 50:50 % v/v ratio, with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and isocratic elution on a Phenomenex Luna C‐18 column (5 µm, 150 mm × 4.6 mm) at 30°C. This setup resulted in retention times of 6.838 min for Diltiazem HCl and 23.135 min for Eugenol. Validation followed International Council for Harmonization (ICH) Q2 (R1) guidelines, demonstrating excellent linearity with correlation coefficients of 0.9982 for Diltiazem HCl and 0.9991 for Eugenol across the 5–25 µg/mL range. The limits of detection (LOD) were 1.341 µg/mL for Diltiazem HCl and 0.960 µg/mL for Eugenol, with limits of quantification (LOQ) at 4.065 and 2.912 µg/mL, respectively. Stability testing under acidic, alkaline, oxidative, thermal, and photolytic conditions adhered to ICH Q1A (R2) and Q1B guidelines. This AQbD‐based method is effective for routine analysis of Diltiazem HCl and Eugenol in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms, fully complying with ICH standards.
Seropositivity to louping ill virus in dogs in the UK
Authors: Elgueta Iris , Allen Kayleigh , Liatis Theofanis , Gonzalo‐Nadal Verónica , Laming Eleanor , Dagleish Mark P. , Jamieson Pauline M. , Innocent Giles , Rocchi Mara S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundLouping ill virus (LIV) is a tick‐borne flavivirus that can cause fatal meningoencephalomyelitis in dogs. Four dogs with confirmed LIV infection and a case series of dogs with suspected flavivirus infection have been reported in the UK. However, underreporting of LIV infection due to lack of testing is suspected.MethodsSurplus serum/plasma from 220 dogs was used to determine the seroprevalence of LIV by haemagglutination inhibition (HAI) test. Signalment and environmental factors were investigated for potential correlations with a positive titre (serum dilution of 1:20 or more).ResultsTwo hundred and two dogs were suitable for inclusion in the study, nine of which (4.5%) were seropositive. Among the dogs investigated for neurological disease (40/202; 19.8%), six (15%) were seropositive. Ectoparasiticide use approached significance (p = 0.055) for being protective against LIV seropositivity.LimitationsThe main limitations were the specificity of the HAI test, the relatively small number of samples, the low number of seropositive dogs, the poor geographical distribution of the samples and the inherent limitations of questionnaire‐based research.ConclusionThe seroprevalence of LIV in the UK dog population appears to be low. However, LIV should be considered in dogs presenting with unexplained acute or subacute progressive neurological clinical signs, especially because of the recent reports of several dogs with clinical flavivirus infections.
How Working Musicians (Finally) Became a Matter of Mainstream Political Interest
Authors: Hesmondhalgh David , Sun Hyojung 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe pay and working conditions of musicians have, until recently, very rarely been an issue of explicit public concern—and interest on the part of politicians and policy-makers has been even more unusual. Our chapter recounts how in the UK growing awareness of—and solidarity with—the working conditions of musicians has recently fed an unprecedented degree of political scrutiny of the music industries. We explain the process by which a UK parliamentary inquiry into The Economics of Music Streaming was launched in 2020 by the Committee overseeing the national government’s Department of Digital, Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) leading to a substantial report that was surprisingly critical of the music industries. The earnings and well-being of musicians in the age of streaming were central concerns and this political scrutiny became the object of significant media coverage and public debate, internationally as well as in the UK. In addition, a substantial body of research on these and related topics was commissioned by UK government agencies, both before the launch of the Inquiry and as part of the UK government’s mandatory response to it.As two academics who produced some of the government-commissioned research informing this political scrutiny, we think the politics of these developments are worth analysing. The events we recount illuminate the political forces aligned on different sides of struggles over cultural labour justice—in particular tensions between on the one hand corporate rights-owners and digital platforms and, on the other, less well-resourced “creator” organisations and activist groups. Also the research commissioned as part of the developments summarised here has produced interesting findings, which we believe will be of interest and value to critical researchers of the music industries. Finally, these events represent a fascinating case study of the increasing prominence of questions of cultural labour (and musical labour) justice in public debate.
Co-developing an Autism Research Funding Application to Facilitate Ethical and Participatory Research: The Autism from Menstruation to Menopause Project
Authors: Grant Aimee , Williams Kathryn , Henry Karen , Holloway Willow , Nicolaidis Christina , Kara Helen , Brown Amy 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWithin Autism research, many studies fail to meaningfully involve Autistic people. In this chapter, we report on the co-development of a successful funding application where we specifically aimed to involve Autistic people with and without relevant professional experience as partners from the outset and throughout the research. This includes how Aimee’s online consultation with Autistic people who had been pregnant resulted in a complete shift in the study’s boundaries from considering maternity only, to reproductive health across the life course. Next, we detail the in-depth discussions with Autistic community leaders (Kathryn and Willow) and an Autistic midwife (Karen) that shaped the study’s governance and research design prior to submission. Following this, we report the study’s approach to using creative research methods in an individually tailored way, and how this is an appropriate and ethical strategy when working with a heterogeneous group with differing communication needs and preferences for how they would like to take part in research. Finally, we then identify facilitators that may enable Autism researchers to co-develop ethical and participatory research funding applications. We conclude that participatory approaches which acknowledge Autistic strengths and centre the Autistic community have the best likelihood of the research benefitting Autistic people.
Reflections on Interdisciplinary Collaborations for European Energy Policy and Governance
Authors: Crowther Ami , Foulds Chris , Robison Rosie , Gladkykh Ganna 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe policy recommendations presented in this book demonstrate the value and opportunities of interdisciplinarity for policymaking. The recommendations produced cover a diverse range of topics and policy areas and are informed by various interdisciplinary collaborative activities. The outputs of the interdisciplinary collaborations evidence: (1) how questions related to energy supply, demand and systems benefit from both Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) and Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) perspectives), (2) that the achievement of EU policies can require the participation of multiple actors across multiple scales, (3) how policymaking can be supported not only through research on policy topics, but also by research on the processes of policymaking and their governance environments, and (4) the complex negotiation processes that exist at research-policy interfaces. Yet, there is the need to consider interdisciplinarity, and what this means in practice, critically. In doing so, it demonstrates the value of focusing more on the interdisciplinary processes and experiences in play. Indeed, across the book chapters, there were commonalities in how the interdisciplinary collaborations occurred in practice. This book not only demonstrates the value and opportunities for interdisciplinary research, but also, we hope, will encourage others to engage in interdisciplinary activities.
Support Place-Based and Inclusive Supply Chain, Employment and Skills Strategies for Housing-Energy Retrofit
Authors: Macrorie Rachel , Arbabi Hadi , Eadson Will , Hanna Richard , McCluskey Kaylen Camacho , Simpson Kate , Wade Faye 
Published: September 2024

Policy HighlightsTo achieve the recommendation stated in the chapter title, we propose the following:

Member States should empower municipalities with resources and training to develop Building Renovation Plans supported by One-Stop Shops focused on inclusive local supply chain development, employment and skills priorities, as well as serving housing retrofit consumers.

Municipalities should use procurement frameworks and Direct Labour Organisations to ensure a pipeline of retrofit work and support training for good quality employment.

Member States should implement licensing or minimum competency standards for housing retrofit professionals, ensuring certification schemes encompass a wider range of skills.

Retrofit is an opportunity to enable new groups to enter the construction sector. Municipalities should co-create partnerships alongside employees, and support unionisation, to promote training and work opportunities for women and minorities.

Developing inclusive pathways to a skilled housing-energy retrofit workforce is a socio-technical problem, requiring insights from social, policy, building and engineering disciplines, because retrofit interweaves human and technical practices and processes.
Promote Integrated Policy Design to Overcome Social and Technical Challenges for Agrivoltaic Deployment
Authors: Sciullo Alessandro , Derin-Güre Pınar , Gordon Ivan , Ciotola Angela , Dittmar Hanna 
Published: September 2024

Policy HighlightsTo achieve the recommendation stated in the chapter title, we propose the following:

Provide an overarching shared definition of Agrivoltaics (AV) with a precise balance between the agriculture and energy components—general enough to guarantee agriculture will be kept as the primary activity but flexible enough to adapt to the specific conditions.

Fund further Research and Development (R&D) through pilot projects to investigate different technical configurations and crucial parameters to improve the balance between energy production and farming.

Identify an integrated scheme of incentives for AV to prevent agriculture from being abandoned in favour of energy production.

Engage with local communities to develop local and national criteria for implementing AV, support the continuation of agricultural activity, raise local awareness, and foster active community involvement in AV projects to maximise regional economic benefits and avoid extractivist behaviours.

Facilitate the dialogue between Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) and Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths (STEM) communities by constructing a common definition of the AV policy problems at stake.
A Rights-Based Theory for Health Justice
Authors: Seoane José-Antonio 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHealth is a universal need and good that deserves protection, even if there is no consensus on its meaning and scope. Nonetheless, this chapter makes a case for a rights-based theory of health care, considering that its protection should be deemed a public duty of justice. In order to deploy such a theory, the chapter starts by justifying the choice of rights and law as an appropriate and even essential normative foundation. It continues with some conceptual clarifications and examines the key elements and the five-fold philosophical foundation of the rights-based theory. Then it discusses how the theory can be implemented through a two-tiered or two-level model. Finally, the chapter concludes with a brief recapitulation of some of these aspects.
A Lower Semicontinuous Time Separation Function for $$C^0$$ Spacetimes
Authors: Ling Eric 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe time separation function (or Lorentzian distance function) is a fundamental tool used in Lorentzian geometry. For smooth spacetimes it is known to be lower semicontinuous, and, in fact, continuous for globally hyperbolic spacetimes. Moreover, an axiom for Lorentzian length spaces—a synthetic approach to Lorentzian geometry—is the existence of a lower semicontinuous time separation function. Nevertheless, the usual time separation function is not necessarily lower semicontinuous for $$C^0$$

C
0

spacetimes due to bubbling phenomena. In this paper, we introduce a class of curves called “nearly timelike” and show that the time separation function for $$C^0$$

C
0

spacetimes is lower semicontinuous when defined with respect to nearly timelike curves. Moreover, this time separation function agrees with the usual one when the metric is smooth. Lastly, sufficient conditions are found guaranteeing the existence of nearly timelike maximizers between two points in a $$C^0$$

C
0

spacetime.
Semiclassical Equivalence of Two White Dwarf Models as Ground States of the Relativistic Hartree–Fock and Vlasov–Poisson energies
Authors: Hong Younghun , Jin Sangdon , Seok Jinmyoung 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe are concerned with the semi-classical limit for ground states of the relativistic Hartree–Fock energies (HF) under a mass constraint, which are considered as the quantum mean-field model of white dwarfs (Lenzmann and Lewin in Duke Math J 152:257–315, 2010). In Jang and Seok (Kinet Relat Models 15:605–620, 2022), fermionic ground states of the relativistic Vlasov–Poisson energy (VP) are constructed as a classical mean-field model of white dwarfs, and are shown to be equivalent to the classical Chandrasekhar model. In this paper, we prove that as the reduced Planck constant $$\hbar $$
ħ
goes to the zero, the $$\hbar $$
ħ
-parameter family of the ground energies and states of (HF) converges to the fermionic ground energy and state of (VP) with the same mass constraint.
Powder coarsening mechanisms of Ti-6Al-4 V with multiple build cycles in laser powder bed fusion
Authors: Du Xi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLaser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is an additive manufacturing process which can produce complex 3D parts from digital models. The performance of parts fabricated by LPBF is largely dependent on the characteristics of the powder feedstock, in particular, the particle size distribution. The coarsening of powder particles may limit the potential for reusing powder in further builds, as consistency in powder quality is crucial for ensuring consistent parts performance when using reused powder, especially in aerospace applications. However, there is a lack of systematic understanding regarding the causes and nature of powder coarsening in LPBF. In this work, the characteristics of powder samples from different locations in the build chamber during LPBF were studied to understand the particle size evolution and determine the origin of coarsening, which has not been previously reported. Meanwhile, powder coarsening was found to have a detrimental effect on the relative density and surface quality of as-built parts, highlighting the importance of exploring the mechanisms of powder coarsening and finding ways to control it in LPBF. The relationship between powder in key locations in the build chamber and its effect on powder coarsening has been established. Layer thickness is identified as a critical factor in causing powder coarsening due to the fine powder size characteristic in the powder bed. Spatter, in its various forms, plays a direct or indirect role in powder coarsening. Sintered powders resulting from spatter and the laser scanning borders of as-built parts were observed to contribute to the powder coarsening. Therefore, three main mechanisms (layer thickness, spatter, sintered powder) associated with the powder coarsening are therefore proposed. This work provides insight and potential solutions to control powder coarsening and maintain consistent parts performance.
The ultrasonic vocalization (USV) syllable profile during neonatal opioid withdrawal and a kappa opioid receptor component to increased USV emissions in female mice
Authors: Wingfield Kelly K. , Misic Teodora , Jain Kaahini , McDermott Carly S. , Abney Nalia M. , Richardson Kayla T. , Rubman Mia B. , Beierle Jacob A. , Miracle Sophia A. , Sandago Emma J. , Baskin Britahny M. , Lynch William B. , Borrelli Kristyn N. , Yao Emily J. , Wachman Elisha M. , Bryant Camron D. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Rationale
Opioid use during pregnancy can lead to negative infant health outcomes, including neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS). NOWS comprises gastrointestinal, autonomic nervous system, and neurological dysfunction that manifest during spontaneous withdrawal. Variability in NOWS severity necessitates a more individualized treatment approach. Ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) in neonatal mice are emitted in isolation as a stress response and are increased during opioid withdrawal, thus modeling a negative affective state that can be utilized to test new treatments.

Objectives
We sought to identify the behavioral and USV profile, brainstem transcriptomic adaptations, and role of kappa opioid receptors in USVs during neonatal opioid withdrawal.

Methods
We employed a third trimester-approximate opioid exposure model, where neonatal inbred FVB/NJ pups were injected twice-daily with morphine (10mg/kg, s.c.) or saline (0.9%, 20 ul/g, s.c.) from postnatal day(P) 1 to P14. This protocol induces reduced weight gain, hypothermia, thermal hyperalgesia, and increased USVs during spontaneous morphine withdrawal.

Results
On P14, there were increased USV emissions and altered USV syllables during withdrawal, including an increase in Complex 3 syllables in FVB/NJ females (but not males). Brainstem bulk mRNA sequencing revealed an upregulation of the kappa opioid receptor (Oprk1), which contributes to withdrawal-induced dysphoria. The kappa opioid receptor (KOR) antagonist, nor-BNI (30 mg/kg, s.c.), significantly reduced USVs in FVB/NJ females, but not males during spontaneous morphine withdrawal. Furthermore, the KOR agonist, U50,488h (0.625 mg/kg, s.c.), was sufficient to increase USVs on P10 (both sexes) and P14 (females only) in FVB/NJ mice.

Conclusions
We identified an elevated USV syllable, Complex 3, and a female-specific recruitment of the dynorphin/KOR system in increased USVs associated with neonatal opioid withdrawal severity.
Lelliottia wanjuensis sp. nov. Isolated from Korean Lettuce in Wanju, South Korea
Authors: Lee Jiyeon , Tai Eewon , Jeong Sunyoung , Kim Ile , Kim Bo-Eun , Jeong Myeong-In , Oh Kwang-Kyo , Biere Natalia , Franz Charles M. A. P. , Cho Gyu-Sung 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTen Gram stain-negative, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, rod-shaped strains were isolated from lettuce in the city Wanju in South Korea. Comparative 16S rRNA gene analysis and multilocus sequence analysis indicated that the strains grouped closely together with all other Lelliottia (L.)-type strains. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) comparisons of the isolates showed a high relationship between the strains, as the ANI values of all strains ranged from 91.01 to 91.31% when compared to the L. jeotgali-type strain PFL01T. All isolates showed the highest genomic DNA sequence similarity to the L. jeotgali PFL01T strain at 43.3% when compared with digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH). Strain V104_15T of the proposed novel Lelliottia species showed 91.2% and 43.3% similarity with the most closely related L. jeotgali PFL01T-type strain in the ANI and dDDH comparisons, respectively. Strain V104_15T could not grow at 45 °C and 7% NaCl, while L. jeotgali PFL01T strain could grow at both these conditions. Strain V104_15T showed ß-glucosidase activity but not α-glucosidase activity, while the L. jeotgali PFL01T strain was α-glucosidase positive but ß-glucosidase negative. The major cellular fatty acids of strain V104_15T were C16:0 and cyclo-C17:0 including summed features. The mol % G + C content of the genomic DNA of strain V104_15T was 55.74%. Phenotypic and biochemical characteristics, as well as the phylogenomic analysis indicated that the strain V104_15T represents a novel species of the genus Lelliottia, for which the name Lelliottia wanjuensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is V104_15T (= LMG 32996 T = DSM 115585 T).