bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequential model identification with reversible jump ensemble data assimilation method
Authors: Huan Yue , Lin Hai Xiang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn data assimilation (DA) schemes, the form representing the processes in the evolution models are pre-determined except some parameters to be estimated. In some applications, such as the contaminant solute transport model and the gas reservoir model, the modes in the equations within the evolution model cannot be predetermined from the outset and may change with the time. We propose a framework of sequential DA method named Reversible Jump Ensemble Filter (RJEnF) to identify the governing modes of the evolution model over time. The main idea is to introduce the Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) method to the DA schemes to fit the situation where the modes of the evolution model are unknown and the dimension of the parameters is changing. Our framework allows us to identify the modes in the evolution model and their changes, as well as estimate the parameters and states of the dynamic system. Numerical experiments are conducted and the results show that our framework can effectively identify the underlying evolution models and increase the predictive accuracy of DA methods.
Mesoscopic structure of the stock market and portfolio optimization
Authors: Zema Sebastiano Michele , Fagiolo Giorgio , Squartini Tiziano , Garlaschelli Diego 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe idiosyncratic and systemic components of market structure have been shown to be responsible for the departure of the optimal mean-variance allocation from the heuristic ‘equally weighted’ portfolio. In this paper, we exploit clustering techniques derived from Random Matrix Theory to study a third, intermediate (mesoscopic) market structure that turns out to be the most stable over time and provides important practical insights from a portfolio management perspective. First, we illustrate the benefits, in terms of predicted and realized risk profiles, of constructing portfolios by filtering out both random and systemic co-movements from the correlation matrix. Second, we redefine the portfolio optimization problem in terms of stock clusters that emerge after filtering. Finally, we propose a new wealth allocation scheme that attaches equal importance to stocks belonging to the same community and show that it further increases the reliability of the constructed portfolios. Results are robust across different time spans, cross sectional dimensions and set of constraints defining the optimization problem.
“The joy of being a cause” versus “the pleasure of finding things out”: subalternity and Bildung in higher education engineering and physics
Authors: Kjelsberg Ronny 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper will discuss the concepts of Bildung, subalternity, and physics- and engineering education and where these topics intersect and interact with one another. A central part of the concept of Bildung is educating citizens—active participators in society. At the same time, a central characteristic of subaltern groups is that their voices are not heard in society. If subaltern groups thus can be recruited into a Bildung-oriented education, their subalternness can over time be challenged, and the groups can be included as equals within society. In the study, 728 physics and bachelor engineering students are asked via a questionnaire about their motivation for their education choice to chart the potential for Bildung-oriented education within these fields. The responses are sorted through a thematic analysis. As this paper will show, the social background—class structure—differs significantly between physics- and bachelor engineering students, as do their motivations. These data along with documentation from previous research showing working-class students’ predisposition toward STEM disciplines facilitate the possibility of sketching possible paths toward Bildung for these students that at the same time can lift subaltern groups and make their voices heard.
Evaluation of a novel central venous access port for direct catheter insertion without a peel-away sheath
Authors: Iguchi Toshihiro , Kawabata Takahiro , Matsui Yusuke , Tomita Koji , Uka Mayu , Umakoshi Noriyuki , Okamoto Soichiro , Munetomo Kazuaki , Hiraki Takao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study retrospectively evaluated the feasibility and safety of implanting a newly developed central venous access port (CV-port) that allows catheter insertion into a vein without the use of a peel-away sheath, with a focus on its potential to minimize risks associated with conventional implantation methods.

Materials and methods
All procedures were performed using a new device (P-U CelSite Port™ MS; Toray Medical, Tokyo, Japan) under ultrasound guidance. The primary endpoint was the implantation success rate. The secondary endpoints were the safety and risk factors for infection in the early postprocedural period (< 30 days).

Results
We assessed 523 CV-port implantations performed in a cumulative total of 523 patients (240 men and 283 women; mean age, 61.6 ± 13.1 years; range, 18–85 years). All implantations were successfully performed using an inner guide tube and over-the-wire technique through 522 internal jugular veins and one subclavian vein. The mean procedural time was 33.2 ± 10.9 min (range 15–112 min). Air embolism, rupture/perforation of the superior vena cava, or hemothorax did not occur during catheter insertion. Eleven (2.1%) intraprocedural complications occurred, including Grade I arrhythmia (n = 8) and subcutaneous bleeding (n = 1), Grade II arrhythmia (n = 1), and Grade IIIa pneumothorax (n = 1). Furthermore, 496 patients were followed up for ≥ 30 days. Six early postprocedural complications were encountered (1.1%), including Grade IIIa infection (n = 4), catheter occlusion (n = 1), and skin necrosis due to subcutaneous leakage of trabectedin (n = 1). These six CV-ports were withdrawn, and no significant risk factors for infection in the early postprocedural period were identified.

Conclusion
The implantation of this CV-port device demonstrated comparable success and complication rates to conventional devices, with the added potential benefit of eliminating complications associated with the use of a peel-away sheath.
The Jacobi Operator on $$(-1,1)$$ and Its Various m-Functions
Authors: Gesztesy Fritz , Littlejohn Lance L. , Piorkowski Mateusz , Stanfill Jonathan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe offer a detailed treatment of spectral and Weyl–Titchmarsh–Kodaira theory for all self-adjoint Jacobi operator realizations of the differential expression$$\begin{aligned} \tau _{\alpha ,\beta } =&- (1-x)^{-\alpha } (1+x)^{-\beta }(d/dx) \big ((1-x)^{\alpha +1}(1+x)^{\beta +1}\big ) (d/dx), \\&\alpha , \beta \in {\mathbb {R}}, \, x \in (-1,1), \end{aligned}$$τα,β=-(1-x)-α(1+x)-β(d/dx)((1-x)α+1(1+x)β+1)(d/dx),α,β∈R,x∈(-1,1),in$$L^2\big ((-1,1); (1-x)^{\alpha } (1+x)^{\beta } dx\big )$$L2((-1,1);(1-x)α(1+x)βdx),$$\alpha , \beta \in {\mathbb {R}}$$α,β∈R. In addition to discussing the separated boundary conditions that lead to Jacobi orthogonal polynomials as eigenfunctions in detail, we exhaustively treat the case of coupled boundary conditions and illustrate the latter with the help of the general$$\eta $$η-periodic and Krein–von Neumann extensions. In particular, we treat all underlying Weyl–Titchmarsh–Kodaira and Green’s function inducedm-functions and revisit their Nevanlinna–Herglotz property. We also consider connections to other differential operators associated with orthogonal polynomials such as Laguerre, Gegenbauer, and Chebyshev.
Effects of lenvatinib on glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and estimated cardiovascular risk in patients with advanced thyroid cancer
Authors: Acitelli E. , Verrienti A. , Sponziello M. , Pecce V. , Minicocci I. , Macera M. , Barp S. , Lucia P. , Grani G. , Durante C. , Maranghi M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Multitarget kinase inhibitors (MKIs) are effective options in the treatment of cancer, significantly increasing the progression-free survival (PFS) of many tumors. Data about severity and prevalence of metabolic adverse events is scarce and may be significant in patients with a better survival. The aim of this study was to investigate glucose and lipids values of patients treated with lenvatinib. Secondary aims included evaluating changes in the estimated risk of cardiovascular disease and the relationship between metabolic alterations and tumor response to therapy.

Methods
A retrospective pilot study on 29 patients with advanced differentiated thyroid cancer was conducted. Clinical and biochemical characteristics were collected at the day of therapy initiation and follow up. The 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease was estimated with the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP algorithms. Tumor burden change was assessed according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST).

Results
No differences in glucose values were observed. A significant increase in total cholesterol (208 ± 41 versus 245 ± 67 mg/dl), triglycerides (112 [interquartile range, 58–326] versus 157 [78–296] mg/dl), calculated LDL cholesterol (128 [66–204] versus 140 [81–308] mg/dl) and cardiovascular risk was observed from baseline to follow up. Furthermore, these parameters increase progressively with increasing tumor response to therapy.

Conclusions
Despite limitations, this study shows an association between the use of lenvatinib and the development of lipid alterations in patients with advanced thyroid cancer. However, further investigation is necessary for a more comprehensive understanding of the adverse metabolic profile of MKIs.
Which Natural Wetland Characteristics Could be Used in Creating Temporary Wetlands?
Authors: Nummi Markéta , Nummi Petri , Holopainen Sari , Davranche Aurélie , Sigdel Uma , Arzel Céline 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTemporary wetlands have mostly been disregarded in freshwater habitat regulation (with noticeable exceptions such as turloughs) leading to their global degradation despite their high value in terms of diverse ecosystem services. Wetland creation may be used to mitigate this habitat loss. In this review, we compiled information on the ecological features of temporary wetlands based on 45 scientific publications. We identified seven types of natural temporary wetlands to be emulated in wetland construction and their restoration in the Northern Hemisphere, with hydroperiod lengths ranging from less than one month in ephemeral ponds to multi-year floods. We highlight the biodiversity associated with various hydroperiods, and show that different organisms use different temporary wetland types. We give examples of how temporary wetland creation has been used for biodiversity enhancement and list characteristics of created temporary wetlands. Colonization of the newly created temporary wetlands by aquatic macroinvertebrates and amphibians was rapid, but species compositions differed from reference sites. Finally, we provide management recommendations for creating temporary wetlands to support high biodiversity. We highlight the importance of hydroperiod management, creating banks with gradual slopes, enhancing macrophyte vegetation and fish absence to promote biodiversity in created temporary wetlands. Monitoring and ongoing management practices are discussed as tools for ensuring management targets in the long term. For example, performing partial or full drawdowns at temporary wetlands with long multi-year hydroperiods are discussed. On the landscape level, we recommend planning a network of well-connected heterogeneous wetlands with different hydroperiods to enhance colonization and dispersal, and thereby biodiversity.
$$A_p$$ weights on nonhomogeneous trees equipped with measures of exponential growth
Authors: Ottazzi Alessandro , Santagati Federico , Vallarino Maria 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper aims to study$$A_p$$Apweights in the context of a class of metric measure spaces with exponential volume growth, namely infinite trees with root at infinity equipped with the geodesic distance and flow measures. Our main result is a Muckenhoupt Theorem, which is a characterization of the weights for which a suitable Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator is bounded on the corresponding weighted$$L^p$$Lpspaces. We emphasise that this result does not require any geometric assumption on the tree or any condition on the flow measure. We also prove a reverse Hölder inequality in the case when the flow measure is locally doubling. We finally show that the logarithm of an$$A_p$$Apweight is in BMO and discuss the connection between$$A_p$$Apweights and quasisymmetric mappings.
Projections in the J-sums of Banach spaces
Authors: González Manuel , Pello Javier 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe study some families of projections in the J-sums of Banach spaces $$J(\Phi )$$

J
(
Φ
)

and $${\hat{J}}(\Phi )$$

J
^

(
Φ
)

introduced by Bellenot. As an application, we show that, under some conditions, $$J(\Phi )$$

J
(
Φ
)

and $${\hat{J}}(\Phi )$$

J
^

(
Φ
)

are subprojective, i.e., every closed infinite-dimensional subspace of either of them contains a complemented infinite-dimensional subspace.
Sticky Brownian motions on star graphs
Authors: Bonaccorsi Stefano , D’Ovidio Mirko 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the construction of Brownian motions and related stochastic processes in a star graph, which is a non-Euclidean structure where some features of the classical modeling fail. We propose a probabilistic construction of the Sticky Brownian motion by slowing down the Brownian motion when in the vertex of the star graph. Later, we apply a random change of time to the previous construction, which leads to a trapping phenomenon in the vertex of the star graph, with characterization of the trap in terms of a singular measure $$\varPhi $$
Φ
. The process associated to this time change is described here and, moreover, we show that it defines a probabilistic representation of the solution to a heat equation type problem on the star graph with non-local dynamic conditions in the vertex that can be written in terms of a Caputo-Džrbašjan fractional derivative defined by the singular measure $$\varPhi $$
Φ
. Extensions to general graph structures can be given by applying to our results a localisation technique.
Let’s talk about SEX
Authors: Lammers Rianne J. M. , de Wall Liesbeth L. , Jansen Sanne , Quaedackers Josine S. L. T. 
Published: September 2024

SamenvattingIn dit artikel bespreken we fertiliteit en seksuele aspecten van diverse (kinder)urologische aandoeningen, namelijk hypospadie, spina bifida en blaasextrofie-epispadie. Hypospadie is een zeer veel voorkomende aandoening, waarbij mannelijke patiënten met een ernstigere, proximale hypospadie problemen kunnen ervaren op seksueel vlak. Ongeveer 10% van hen meldt problemen met erectie en ejaculatie. De tevredenheid over het seksuele leven lijkt in het algemeen vergelijkbaar met die onder mannen zonder hypospadie. Spinabifidapatiënten zijn seksueel actief en hebben net zoveel seksueel verlangen als de algemene bevolking. Fertiliteit is in het algemeen wat verminderd. Vrouwelijke patiënten moeten rond de zwangerschap een aangepaste dosering foliumzuur gebruiken. Urine- en fecale incontinentie zijn belangrijke negatieve factoren voor seksueel welbevinden. Blaasextrofie-epispadie is erg zeldzaam en de complexiteit van deze aandoening maakt zorgtransitie en langetermijnfollow-up noodzakelijk. De uitgebreide reconstructies geven in diverse levensfasen kans op problemen. Het cosmetisch aspect van de penis is vaak een blijvend punt van onvrede, omdat deze ondanks reconstructie korter en breder is dan gemiddeld. Ook is urologische inmenging bij zwangerschaps- en partusbegeleiding bij een vrouw met blaasextrofie wenselijk. In het algemeen geldt voor al deze aandoeningen dat er behoefte is aan goede voorlichting en begeleiding. Het liefst proactief, dus geïnitieerd door de behandelaar, en met laagdrempelige toegang tot psychologische en/of seksuologische begeleiding.
The state of Louisiana’s freshwater commercial fishery: a study of fishermen’s attitudes towards fishing and their future
Authors: Bonatakis Lauren , Pasco Tiffany , Lively Julie A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
As an important contributor to Louisiana’s economy, the commercial freshwater fisheries have been the subject of growing attention in recent years by resource managers as the industry appears to be on the brink of collapse. Fewer participants are entering the field, fish buyers and processors are closing, and market prices remain stagnant. To better understand this industry, we conducted a study to characterize the commercial freshwater fisheries in Louisiana including the fishermen, the fishing operations, the effort across the state, local knowledge on management issue and barriers and opportunities for the future of the industry. We completed structured interviews at fish houses across Louisiana. The average full-time fisherman was 56 years old with about 34 years of commercial fishing experience, and catfish (Ictaluridae spp.) and buffalo (Ictobius spp.) appear to be the most sought-after finfish; however, this slightly differs by region. Overall, this study provides in-depth insight into the trends, problems, and successes of Louisiana’s freshwater commercial fisheries. This information will allow managers and other groups like cooperative extension to identify and design opportunities for the industry and utilize their information in management across the state.
Past body shaming experiences and food and alcohol disturbance in young adults: indirect effects via psychological distress
Authors: Di Tata Daniele , Bianchi Dora , Rossi Franca , Fatta Laura Maria , Sette Stefania , Laghi Fiorenzo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study investigated the associations between retrospective reports of body image victimization (i.e. body shaming) perpetrated by peers and by parents during childhood or adolescence, and food and alcohol disturbance (FAD) in young adulthood, considering the possible mediating role of psychological distress (i.e. subthreshold symptoms of anxiety and depression).

Methods
The study involved 1624 young adults aged between 18 and 30 (69% women), who completed an online survey.

Results
Our findings revealed that participants who reported more frequent body image victimization episodes during childhood and adolescence exhibited higher levels of psychological distress and, in turn, higher scores of FAD in young adulthood.

Conclusions
This result represents a novel contribution to understanding the psychological correlates of FAD in youths. Limitations and implications are discussed.
Level of evidence Level V, descriptive study.
La sessualità nei disordini ipofisari
Authors: Alfaroli Chiara , Ravelli Serena Anna , Maseroli Elisa 
Published: September 2024

SommarioLa sessualità è una componente importante della salute generale e della qualità della vita in entrambi i sessi. L’ipofisi ha un ruolo cruciale nel regolare innumerevoli funzioni vitali, tra cui la funzione riproduttiva e sessuale. Per questo motivo una disregolazione, sia in eccesso che in difetto, degli ormoni ipofisari o alterazioni metaboliche associate ad alcune patologie ipofisarie, possono facilmente compromettere la sfera della sessualità. Nonostante i disturbi endocrini vengano spesso citati nella patogenesi della disfunzione sessuale sia nel maschio che nella femmina, la letteratura su questi argomenti è carente, soprattutto per quanto riguarda il genere femminile. La presente rassegna ha lo scopo di riassumere le nostre conoscenze sulla prevalenza, le caratteristiche e i meccanismi patologici delle disfunzioni sessuali nei principali disturbi ipofisari, analizzando le evidenze disponibili nell’ipogonadismo ipogonadotropo, nelle condizioni caratterizzate da livelli di prolattina alterati, nell’acromegalia, nel deficit di ormone della crescita, nell’ipercortisolismo e nell’ipocortisolismo, declinandoli per genere ed evidenziando in molti casi la scarsità dei dati a riguardo.
A Distance-Based Approach to Fuzzy Cognitive Maps Using Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets
Authors: Bozdag Erhan , Kadaifci Cigdem 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) have been attracting researchers from a wide application area due to being easy to apply and interpret. Since its proposal, the method has been improved to satisfy the diverse needs of practitioners such as solving different types of problems and representing particular types of uncertainty. The classical FCMs depend highly on the decision-maker judgments and the uncertainty inherent in the judgments deserves significant attention. Although there are several fuzzy extensions integrated into FCMs, the uncertainty caused by the lack of knowledge, the hesitancy of decision makers, and also the limited capacity of humans to deal with pre-defined rules should be considered. To address this issue, a new distance-based approach integrating Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets and FCMs is proposed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time this extension is integrated into FCMs. Besides allowing to represent the uncertainty until the end of the calculations, the new approach offers decision makers an easier and more flexible way to assess the strength of existing causal relationships. To provide a comparison between the proposed approach and the classical FCMs, two real-life applications are selected as case studies.
Iron Chloride Vapor Treatment for Leaching Platinum Group Metals from Spent Catalysts
Authors: Taninouchi Yu-ki , Sunagawa Kohei , Okabe Toru H. , Nakano Hiroaki 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAn efficient and environmentally friendly recovery of platinum group metals (PGMs) from secondary sources is necessary to ensure a sustainable supply of PGMs. In this study, contact with FeCl2 vapor in the presence of metallic Fe was investigated as a useful pretreatment for leaching PGMs from spent automobile catalysts. Fe-PGM alloys were efficiently formed when Pt, Pd, and Rh wires and Rh2O3 powder were subjected to FeCl2 vapor treatment at 1050 K (777 °C) for approximately 40 min. Further, the leachability of the PGMs in spent automobile catalyst samples increased after a similar vapor treatment was applied. When the pulverized spent catalyst sample without pretreatment was leached with aqua regia at 333 K (60 °C) for 60 min, 88% of Pt, 91% of Pd, and 37% of Rh were extracted. Meanwhile, after vapor treatment at 1050 K, 98% of Pt, 97% of Pd, and 87% of Rh were extracted under the same leaching conditions. Thus, the pretreatment with FeCl2 vapor, followed by leaching, is a feasible and effective technique for recovering PGMs from spent catalysts.
Graphical Abstract
Control of Cyanobacterial Algal Blooms and Soluble Reactive Phosphorus Using PAK-27 and Phoslock®
Authors: Akther Fahima , Cutright Teresa J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cHABs) can pose a threat to human health and aquatic ecosystems when they release cyanotoxins in water. This research used samples from two northeastern reservoirs in Ohio and assessed (i) the effectiveness of two PAK-27 dosages, (ii) the potential interference of natural organic matter (NOM) on PAK-27 effectiveness, and (iii) the ability of Phoslock® to adsorb phosphorus released during cell lysis to prevent future bloom formation. PAK-27 was applied in either a quarter (15 mg) or full (58 mg) dose in 1.6 L. Two sets of jars were amended with 200:1 Phoslock®:phosphorus 24 h after PAK-27 application to assess the adsorption of phosphorus released upon cell lysis. A final set of jars was amended with 5 mg NOM to evaluate if NOM would interfere with PAK-27 effectiveness. Quarter and full doses of PAK-27 significantly decreased total phycocyanin content within 2 days of application (p < 0.05). However, the addition of 5 mg NOM influenced nutrient availability and algal response. All jars that received algaecide had increased extracellular microcystin levels (p < 0.05). Although Phoslock® adsorbed soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), jars treated with only PAK-27 or amended with 5 mg NOM reduced more SRP than Phoslock®.
Graphical Abstract