bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relevance of Heart Failure in Prevention, Treatment and Prognosis of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Haeusler Karl , Endres Matthias , Doehner Wolfram 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAbout 1.2 million people in Germany suffer from heart failure (HF) and HF is present in about 13–29% of all patients with acute ischemic stroke. HF is a risk factor for ischemic stroke and it is accompanied by a comparably high morbidity and mortality after stroke. Only limited data are available regarding the relevance of HF in acute ischemic stroke. The hypothesis has emerged that an acute ischemic stroke may contribute to deterioration and occurrence of heart failure. Stroke prevention by oral anticoagulation is only recommended for HF patients with concomitant atrial fibrillation. This article is based on a selective literature review summarizing the present knowledge as well as current guideline recommendations and provides recommendations for clinical practice.
Effects of Cycling and Exergaming on Neurotrophic Factors in Elderly Type 2 Diabetic Men – A Preliminary Investigation
Authors: Brinkmann Christian , Schäfer Leonie , Masoud Magd , Latsch Joachim , Lay Daniel , Bloch Wilhelm , Brixius Klara 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at increased risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases. There is growing evidence that repeated exercise-induced transient increases in neurotrophic factors can augment neurogenesis and neuroplasticity. This pilot study compares the effects of 30-min submaximal cycling with those of exergaming (combining exercise and video gaming) at the same duration and same rating of perceived exertion (BORG RPE: 14-15) on serum neurotrophic factors in 8 elderly non-insulin-dependent T2DM patients (71±4 years) (2×2 crossover design). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Heart rates were almost equal during cycling and exergaming, while lactate values were significantly higher during cycling (cycling versus exergaming: 3.7±1.1 versus 2.5±1.2 mmol/l, p<0.05). BDNF and VEGF levels were increased significantly post-cycling (+20%,+14%, p<0.05). No other significant pre-post changes were evident. This study demonstrates that acute exercise can increase neurotrophic factors (BDNF, VEGF) in elderly T2DM patients, depending on exercise mode.
Endocrine Complications of Surgical Treatment of Thyroid Cancer: An Update
Authors: Iglesias Pedro , Díez Juan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPostoperative hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) and hypothyroidism (HypoT) are the main endocrine complications after the surgical treatment for thyroid cancer. Postsurgical HypoPT can be transient, protracted or permanent. Its frequency varies according to the underlying cervical pathology, surgical technique, and mainly the experience of the surgeon. Risk factors for HypoPT include aggressiveness of the tumor, extent of surgery, the presence of parathyroid gland in the pathologic specimen, and surgeon experience. Clinical manifestations of postsurgical HypoPT can be acute or chronic. An adequate surgical technique that minimizes trauma and preserve the vascularization of the parathyroid glands is the better procedure to reduce the risk of postoperative HypoPT. Acute hypocalcemia may be managed with intravenous or oral calcium supplements, according to the level of serum calcium and the presence of signs and symptoms. Patients with permanent HypoPT require lifelong calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Calcitriol is the vitamin D metabolite of preference because of its high activity and short half-life. Both PTH (1–34) and intact PTH (1–84) have demonstrated to be attractive options in hypoparathyroid patients who cannot maintain stable serum and urinary calcium levels with calcium and vitamin D supplementation. However, the long-term safety of these preparations has not been established. Postsurgical HypoT is an unavoidable consequence of total or near-total thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer. Replacement and suppressive therapy are necessary in these patients. Thyroid hormone suppression therapy has shown to be accompanied by a decreased risk of disease progression and recurrence; however, it may also be associated with increased risk of dysrhythmia and loss of bone mass. Therefore, the intensity of TSH suppression must be established in a personalized way after balancing risk and benefits, according to the severity of the thyroid cancer, the response to therapy, and the individual risk factors for adverse events.
Type I interferons induced by endogenous or exogenous viral infections promote metastasis and relapse of leishmaniasis
Authors: Rossi Matteo , Castiglioni Patrik , Hartley Mary-Anne , Eren Remzi Onur , Prével Florence , Desponds Chantal , Utzschneider Daniel T. , Zehn Dietmar , Cusi Maria G. , Kuhlmann F. Matthew , Beverley Stephen M. , Ronet Catherine , Fasel Nicolas 
Published: April 2017

SignificanceInfection withLeishmania(Viannia) parasites can have different manifestations, ranging from localized cutaneous to disseminated and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, that are prone to relapse after the healing. We previously described the association of the endosymbiontLeishmaniaRNA virus 1 (LRV1) with increased disease severity. Here, we showed that coinfection with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) or Toscana virus exacerbated the outcome ofLeishmania guyanensis-induced murine leishmaniasis, favoring parasite persistence and dissemination resulting in metastasis. Both endogenous and exogenous coinfections were dependent upon type I interferon responses. Strikingly, LCMV coinfection after the healing of leishmaniasis induced disease reactivation, overriding the protective adaptive immune response. Thus, viral infections may be a significant risk factor contributing to the pathological spectrum of human leishmaniasis.
Epithelial EZH2 serves as an epigenetic determinant in experimental colitis by inhibiting TNFα-mediated inflammation and apoptosis
Authors: Liu Yongfeng , Peng Junjie , Sun Tongyu , Li Ni , Zhang Le , Ren Jiale , Yuan Huairui , Kan Shan , Pan Qiang , Li Xiang , Ding Yufeng , Jiang Min , Cong Xiaoji , Tan Minjia , Ma Yushui , Fu Da , Cai Sanjun , Xiao Yichuan , Wang Xiaoming , Qin Jun 
Published: April 2017

Significance
TNFα is the key cytokine implicated in inflammatory bowel disease. However, TNFα is not always proinflammatory, because TNFα-activated NF-κB induces prosurvival proteins, including c-FLIP, to constrain caspase 8 activation. Here we report that epithelial EZH2 integrates the multifaceted effects of TNFα signaling to promote inflammation and apoptosis in colitis. EZH2 reduction directly stimulates TRAF2/5 expression to enhance TNFα-induced NF-κB signaling. More importantly, EZH2 deficiency up-regulates the expression of the E3 ligase ITCH to degrade the c-FLIP protein, thereby antagonizing the prosurvival role of NF-κB. Taken together, our results indicate that EZH2 serves as an epigenetic brake to modulate TNFα functions in colitis. Moreover, the data suggest that patients with lower levels of EZH2 might have a better response to anti-TNFα therapy.
A table-based turn-taking system and its political consequences
Authors: Mondada Lorenza , Svensson Hanna , van Schepen Nynke 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Turn-taking in political settings faces the problem of how to enable the participation of larger numbers of speakers in orderly ways; solutions have been described as offered by constrained formats like the turn-type pre-allocation system or the mediated turn-taking system. This paper describes another specific solution, a table-based turn-taking system.

The study describes how facilitators managing brainstorming sessions in a participatory project exploit the spatial distribution of the citizens around tables scattered in the meeting room. By organizing discussions table by table, rather than selecting next individual speakers, the facilitators select groups and attributes specific rights and obligations to talk to “tables”, which are then treated not as a mere spatial location but as a political entity. The table-based device does not just solve problems of turn-taking management but also fosters the expression of collective opinions of the “table” as a place for building consensus.
Reverse-transcription quantitative PCR directly from cells without RNA
extraction and without isothermal reverse-transcription: a ‘zero-step’ RT-qPCR
protocol
Authors: Chovancova Petra , Merk Verena , Marx Andreas , Leist Marcel , Kranaster Ramon 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We describe an ultra-rapid and sensitive method to quantify gene expression levels in cultured cells. The procedure is based on reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) directly from cells, without RNA extraction and without an isothermal reverse-transcription step. Human neurons (Lund human mesencephalic cells) were lysed at different stages of differentiation, and the lysates were used directly as template for the combined RT-qPCR reaction. We detected a down-regulation of a proliferation marker and an up-regulation of neuronal dopaminergic genes expression. We were able to detect the reference gene target from as few as a single cell, demonstrating the application of the method for efficient amplification from small cell numbers. The data were fully in line with those obtained by the standard two-step RT-qPCR from the extracted total RNA. Our ‘zero-step’ RT-qPCR method proved to be simple and reliable with a total time from cell lysis to the end of the qPCR as short as 1.5 h. It is therefore particularly suitable for RT-qPCRs where large numbers of samples must be handled, or where data are required within short time.
Detection of intrinsic variability in the eclipsing massive main-sequence O+B binary HD 165246
Authors: Johnston C. , Buysschaert B. , Tkachenko A. , Aerts C. , Neiner C. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We present the analysis of 29.77 d of K2 space photometry of the well-detached massive 4.6 d O+B binary HD 165246 (V = 7.6) obtained during Campaign 9b. This analysis reveals intrinsic variability in the residual light curve after subtraction of the binary model, in the frequency range [0, 10] d−1. This makes HD 165246 only the second O+B eclipsing binary with asteroseismic potential. While some of the frequencies are connected with the rotation of the primary, others are interpreted as due to oscillations with periodicities of order days. The frequency resolution of the current data set does not allow us to distinguish between frequencies due to standing coherent oscillation modes or travelling waves. Future time-resolved high-precision spectroscopy covering several binary orbits will reveal whether HD 165246 is a Rosetta stone for synergistic binary and seismic modelling of an O-type star.
Recognizing type 1 diabetes mellitus in children & adolescents
Authors: Glassford Melissa A. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract:
The common chief complaint of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting should prompt a broad differential diagnosis list. When a 17-year-old previously healthy male presented to a primary care clinic with these symptoms, it provoked a detailed workup and found a startling diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This article provides an overview of recognizing T1DM in children and adolescents with a thorough and diagnostic evaluation.
“Meth Mouth”: An Interdisciplinary Review of a Dental and Psychiatric Condition
Authors: Stanciu Cornel N. , Glass Magdalena , Muzyka Brian C. , Glass Oliver M. 
Published: April 2017

Objective:
Chronic methamphetamine (MA) users experience many dental problems, a condition characterized as “meth mouth.” These devastating effects on dentition is the main reason why many seek professional help. Here, we discuss the effects of MA on oral health and advocate for improved collaboration between dentists and mental health providers. We also introduce a dental evaluation tool with the goal of improving the quality of care for this often-marginalized patient population.

Methods:
A Medline literature search (1985–2016) was conducted with keywords “meth mouth,” “methamphetamine AND oral health”; “methamphetamine AND dental”; “methamphetamine AND dentist.” Results were supplemented by references gleaned from recent reviews, credible online sources, and citations of search returns.

Results:
MA predisposes users to tooth decay. They are also more likely to have missing dentition with a linear relationship correlating the number of years of use. A constellation of dental symptoms resulting from chronic MA use has been described in literature: gingival inflammation, excessive tooth wear, decreased salivary output, and severe dental caries. With continued use, mucosal lesions may appear on the lips and the gingival tissue may recede. MA can trigger bruxism, resulting in severe wear patterns and even cracked teeth.

Conclusions:
Users of MA have many unmet medical and mental health needs. An interdisciplinary approach between dentists and mental health providers can improve outcomes. The dental evaluation tool described here can improve the bidirectional collaboration between mental health and dentistry. Dental professionals are in a unique position to identify users and can facilitate referral to substance abuse treatment. Likewise, mental health providers can identify, assess severity, and prompt users for medical and dental attention.
Discharge Criteria for the Late Preterm Infant
Authors: Quinn Jenny M. , Sparks Marteen , Gephart Sheila M. 
Published: April 2017

Background:
Standardized late preterm infant (LPI) discharge criteria ensure best practice and help guide the neonatal provider to determine the appropriate level of care following birth. However, the location can vary from the well newborn setting to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Purpose:
The purpose of this review is to examine differences in LPI discharge criteria between the well newborn setting and the NICU by answering the clinical questions, “What are the recommended discharge criteria for the LPI and do they differ if admitted to the well newborn setting versus the NICU?”

Search Strategy:
Databases searched include CINAHL, TRIP, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library. Focusing first on the highest level of evidence, position statements, policy statements, and clinical practice guidelines were reviewed, followed by original research.

Results:
There were few differences shown between settings. Discharge criteria included physiological stability and completed screenings for hearing loss, hyperbilirubinemia, car seat safety, hypoglycemia, critical congenital heart disease, and sepsis. Parent education is provided on umbilical cord care, feeding, elimination, and weight gain norms. Recommended maternal assessment included screenings for depression, drug use, safe home environment, and presence of social support. In general, research supported protecting the mother-infant dyad.

Implications for Practice and Research:
Developing a standardized approach for discharge criteria for LPIs may improve outcomes and reduce maternal stress. Research is needed to compare health and cost outcomes between settings.
Video Abstract available at http://links.lww.com/ANC/A29.
Congenital Etiology Is an Independent Risk Factor for Complications in Adolescents Undergoing Corrective Scoliosis Surgery: Comparison of In-hospital Comorbidities Using Nationwide KID’s Inpatient Database
Authors: Poorman Gregory W. , Jalai Cyrus M. , Diebo Bassel , Vira Shaleen , Buza John , Baker Joe , Tishelman Jared , Horn Samantha , Bono Olivia , Shenoy Kartik , Hasan Saqib , Paul Justin , Isaacs Evan , Kaye Ian , Atanda Abiola , Buckland Aaron J. , LaFage Virginie , Errico Thomas , Passias Peter G. 
Published: April 2017

Background:
Congenital scoliosis (CS) is associated with more rigid, complex deformities relative to adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) which theoretically increases surgical complications. Despite extensive literature studying AIS patients, few studies have been performed on CS patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate complications associated with spinal fusions for CS and AIS.

Methods:
A retrospective review of the Kid’s Inpatient Database (KID) years 2000 to 2009 was performed. Inclusion: patients under 20 years with ICD-9 diagnosis codes for idiopathic scoliosis (IS—without concomitant congenital anomalies) and CS, undergoing spinal fusion from the KID years 2000 to 2009. Two analyses were performed according to age below 10 years and 10 years and above. Univariate analysis described differences in demographics, comorbidities, intraoperative complications, and clinical values between groups. Binary logistic regression controlling for age, sex, race, and invasiveness predicted complications risk in CS (odds ratios; 95% confidence interval).

Results:
In total, 25,131 patients included (IS, n=22443; CS, n=2688). For patients under age 10, CS patients underwent 1 level shorter fusions (P<0.001), had fewer comorbidities (P<0.001), and sustained similar complication incidence. In the 10 and over age analysis, CS patients similarly had shorter fusions, but greater comorbidities, and significantly more complications (odds ratio, 1.6; confidence interval, 1.4-1.8).

Conclusions:
CS patients have higher in-hospital complication rates. With more comorbidities, these patients have increased risk of sustaining procedure-related complications such as shock, infection, and Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome. These data help to counsel patients and their families before spinal fusion.

Level of Evidence:
Level III—retrospective review of a prospectively collected database.
The Utility of Routine Postoperative Radiographs After Pinning of Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures
Authors: Karalius Vytas P. , Stanfield Jacob , Ashley Philip , Lewallen Laura W. , DeDeugd Casey M. , Walker Janet , Larson Annalise N. , Milbrandt Todd A. 
Published: April 2017

Background:
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency with which postoperative radiographs resulted in a change in management following closed reduction and percutaneous pinning of displaced pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures. We hypothesize that only the initial postoperative radiograph will lead to changes in management of operative supracondylar humerus fractures.

Methods:
A retrospective review was performed at 2 level I pediatric trauma centers. Inclusion criteria were patients below 18 years of age who sustained supracondylar humerus fractures (Gartland type II, III, IV) who were operatively treated from 2008 to 2013 with adequate radiographic follow-up. Patients with flexion type, intra-articular, transphyseal, and open fractures were excluded from the study. Routine radiographs were taken at initial follow-up (1 wk postoperatively) and at pin removal (3 to 4 wk postoperatively).

Results:
The final analysis included 572 patients. Initial postoperative radiographs changed treatment in 9 patients (1.6%), including revision surgeries, 2 pin adjustments, and 2 early pin removals. At the time of pin removal, 20 (3.5%) patients required further immobilization. There were no changes to the initial plan for continued nonoperative treatment at final follow-up (6 to 8 wk postoperatively).

Conclusions:
In this large retrospective series of patients treated with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning of displaced supracondylar humerus fractures, radiographs at 3 weeks do not reveal a need to return to the operating room or other significant pathology. These findings suggest that radiographs should be obtained within 7 to 10 days postoperatively for type III fractures and may only need to be repeated if the clinical situation warrants it, such as severe fracture pattern, persistent pain, or clinical deformity.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—case series.
Radiologic Parameters Can Affect the Preoperative Decision Making of Three-Column Spinal Osteotomies in the Treatment of Severe and Stiff Kyphoscoliosis
Authors: Fan Hengwei , Li Xueshi , Huang Zifang , Sui Wenyuan , Yang Jingfan , Deng Yaolong , Wang Chongwen , Lang Chuandong , Yang Junlin 
Published: April 2017

Study Design.
Retrospective analysis.

Objective.
To evaluate whether radiologic parameters affect spine surgeon's osteotomy choice in patients with severe and stiff thoracic kyphoscoliosis.

Summary of Background Data.
Three-column osteotomies were developed to address severe and stiff kyphoscoliosis. Current choice on osteotomies is based on the morphology of kyphosis, global balance, and locations of the main curvature; however, quantitative basis for decision making is still lacking.

Methods.
Sixty patients with severe and stiff thoracic kyphoscoliosis who underwent three-column osteotomy in the thoracic spine were classified into four groups according to the grade of osteotomy. The radiologic parameters including maximum scoliosis, maximum kyphosis, deformity angular ratio (DAR; maximum Cobb angle divided by number of vertebrae involved), apical vertebral translation, coronal balance, and sagittal balance were measured and compared. Correlation analysis between the radiologic parameters and the osteotomy grades was conducted. Perioperative and long-term complications were reviewed.

Results.
The overall scoliosis was corrected from a mean preoperative Cobb angle of 129.1° (range, 90–174°) to 56.4° (range, 14–100°), and overall kyphosis was corrected from 124.3° (range, 64–180°) to 54.3° (range, 11–95°). As the osteotomy grades increased, the mean preoperative maximum kyphosis increased from 104.5° to 151.8° and the mean sagittal DAR (S-DAR) increased from 16.4 to 24.9. Statistically significant between-group differences were found for preoperative maximum kyphosis (P = 0.001), S-DAR (P = 0.045), and total DAR (P = 0.033). Significant correlations were observed between the preoperative maximum kyphosis and the osteotomy grade (r = 0.454, P < 0.001). The S-DAR significantly correlated with the osteotomy grade (r = 0.322, P = 0.012).

Conclusion.
The preoperative maximum kyphosis and the S-DAR may affect the surgeon's decision on the grade of osteotomies. This may enrich the theoretical basis on preoperative planning and help with patient counseling.

Level of Evidence: 4