bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of mitochondrial genomes of geographic variants of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar, reveals a previously undescribed genotypic entity
Authors: Djoumad Abdelmadjid , Nisole Audrey , Zahiri Reza , Freschi Luca , Picq Sandrine , Gundersen-Rindal Dawn E. , Sparks Michael E. , Dewar Ken , Stewart Don , Maaroufi Halim , Levesque Roger C. , Hamelin Richard C. , Cusson Michel 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar L., is one of the most destructive forest pests in the world. While the subspecies established in North America is the European gypsy moth (L. dispar dispar), whose females are flightless, the two Asian subspecies, L. dispar asiatica and L. dispar japonica, have flight-capable females, enhancing their invasiveness and warranting precautionary measures to prevent their permanent establishment in North America. Various molecular tools have been developed to help distinguish European from Asian subspecies, several of which are based on the mitochondrial barcode region. In an effort to identify additional informative markers, we undertook the sequencing and analysis of the mitogenomes of 10 geographic variants of L. dispar, including two or more variants of each subspecies, plus the closely related L. umbrosa as outgroup. Several regions of the gypsy moth mitogenomes displayed nucleotide substitutions with potential usefulness for the identification of subspecies and/or geographic origins. Interestingly, the mitogenome of one geographic variant displayed significant divergence relative to the remaining variants, raising questions about its taxonomic status. Phylogenetic analyses placed this population from northern Iran as basal to the L. dispar clades. The present findings will help improve diagnostic tests aimed at limiting risks of AGM invasions.
Depletion of Mageb16 induces differentiation of pluripotent stem cells predominantly into mesodermal derivatives
Authors: Gaspar John Antonydas , Srinivasan Sureshkumar Perumal , Sureshkumar Poornima , Doss Michael Xavier , Hescheler Jürgen , Papadopoulos Symeon , Sachinidis Agapios 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe Melanoma-associated Antigen gene family (MAGE) generally encodes for tumour antigens. We had identified that one of the MAGE gene members, Mageb16 was highly expressed in undifferentiated murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs). While the role of Mageb16 in stemness and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells is completely unknown, here, in our current study, we have demonstrated that Mageb16 (41 kDa) is distributed in cytosol and/or in surface membrane in undifferentiated ESCs. A transcriptome study performed at differentiated short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated Mageb16 knockdown (KD) ESCs and scrambled control (SCR) ESCs until a period of 22 days, revealed that Mageb16 KD ESCs mainly differentiated towards cells expressing mesodermal and cardiovascular lineage - gene markers. Gene markers of other mesoderm-oriented biological processes such as adipogenesis, osteogenesis, limb morphogenesis and spermatogenesis were also significantly enriched in the differentiated Mageb16 KD ESCs. The expression levels of contractile genes were higher in differentiated Mageb16 KD ESCs when compared to differentiated SCR and wild ESCs, suggesting a higher cardiomyogenic potential of Mageb16 depleted ESCs. Further analysis indicates that regulative epigenetic networks and nucleocytoplasmic modifications induced by the depletion of Mageb16, may play a probable role in differentiation.
Selective Colorimetric Detection of Nitrite in Water using Chitosan Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles Decorated Reduced Graphene oxide
Authors: Amanulla Baishnisha , Palanisamy Selvakumar , Chen Shen-Ming , Chiu Te-Wei , Velusamy Vijayalakshmi , Hall James M. , Chen Tse-Wei , Ramaraj Sayee Kannan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractExcess nitrite (NO2-) concentrations in water supplies is considered detrimental to the environment and human health, and is associated with incidence of stomach cancer. In this work, the authors describe a nitrite detection system based on the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using an aqueous solution of chitosan and succinic acid. The AuNPs-rGO nanocomposite was confirmed by different physicochemical characterization methods including transmission electron microscopy, elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, UV-visible (UV-vis) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The AuNPs-rGO nanocomposite was applicable to the sensitive and selective detection of NO2− with increasing concentrations quantifiable by UV–vis spectroscopy and obvious to the naked eye. The color of the AuNPs-rGO nanocomposite changes from wine red to purple with the addition of different concertation of NO2−. Therefore, nitrite ion concentrations can be quantitatively detected using AuNPs-rGO sensor with UV-vis spectroscopy and estimated with the naked eye. The sensor is able to detect NO2− in a linear response ranging from 1 to 20 μM with a detection limit of 0.1 μM by spectrophotometric method. The as-prepared AuNPs-rGO nanocomposite shows appropriate selectivity towards NO2− in the presence of potentially interfering metal anions.
Pharmacological preconditioning with gemfibrozil preserves cardiac function after heart transplantation
Authors: Benke Kálmán , Mátyás Csaba , Sayour Alex Ali , Oláh Attila , Németh Balázs Tamás , Ruppert Mihály , Szabó Gábor , Kökény Gábor , Horváth Eszter Mária , Hartyánszky István , Szabolcs Zoltán , Merkely Béla , Radovits Tamás 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWhile heart transplantation (HTX) is the definitive therapy of heart failure, donor shortage is emerging. Pharmacological activation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and increased cGMP-signalling have been reported to have cardioprotective properties. Gemfibrozil has recently been shown to exert sGC activating effects in vitro. We aimed to investigate whether pharmacological preconditioning of donor hearts with gemfibrozil could protect against ischemia/reperfusion injury and preserve myocardial function in a heterotopic rat HTX model. Donor Lewis rats received p.o. gemfibrozil (150 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle for 2 days. The hearts were explanted, stored for 1 h in cold preservation solution, and heterotopically transplanted. 1 h after starting reperfusion, left ventricular (LV) pressure-volume relations and coronary blood flow (CBF) were assessed to evaluate early post-transplant graft function. After 1 h reperfusion, LV contractility, active relaxation and CBF were significantly (p < 0.05) improved in the gemfibrozil pretreated hearts compared to that of controls. Additionally, gemfibrozil treatment reduced nitro-oxidative stress and apoptosis, and improved cGMP-signalling in HTX. Pharmacological preconditioning with gemfibrozil reduces ischemia/reperfusion injury and preserves graft function in a rat HTX model, which could be the consequence of enhanced myocardial cGMP-signalling. Gemfibrozil might represent a useful tool for cardioprotection in the clinical setting of HTX surgery soon.
Skin dendritic cell and T cell activation associated with dengue shock syndrome
Authors: Duyen Huynh Thi Le , Cerny Daniela , Trung Dinh The , Pang Jassia , Velumani Sumathy , Toh Ying Xiu , Qui Phan Tu , Hao Nguyen Van , Simmons Cameron , Haniffa Muzlifah , Wills Bridget , Fink Katja 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe pathogenesis of severe dengue remains unclear, particularly the mechanisms underlying the plasma leakage that results in hypovolaemic shock in a small proportion of individuals. Maximal leakage occurs several days after peak viraemia implicating immunological pathways. Skin is a highly vascular organ and also an important site of immune reactions with a high density of dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and T cells. We obtained skin biopsies and contemporaneous blood samples from patients within 24 hours of onset of dengue shock syndrome (DSS), and from healthy controls. We analyzed cell subsets by flow cytometry, and soluble mediators and antibodies by ELISA; the percentage of migratory CD1a+ dermal DCs was significantly decreased in the DSS patients, and skin CD8+ T cells were activated, but there was no accumulation of dengue-specific antibodies. Inflammatory monocytic cells were not observed infiltrating the skin of DSS cases on whole-mount histology, although CD14dim cells disappeared from blood.
Swainson’s Thrushes do not show strong wind selectivity prior to crossing the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Bolus Rachel T. , Diehl Robert H. , Moore Frank R. , Deppe Jill L. , Ward Michael P. , Smolinsky Jaclyn , Zenzal Theodore J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDuring long-distance fall migrations, nocturnally migrating Swainson’s Thrushes often stop on the northern Gulf of Mexico coast before flying across the Gulf. To minimize energetic costs, trans-Gulf migrants should stop over when they encounter crosswinds or headwinds, and depart with supportive tailwinds. However, time constrained migrants should be less selective, balancing costs of headwinds with benefits of continuing their migrations. To test the hypotheses that birds select supportive winds and that selectivity is mediated by seasonal time constraints, we examined whether local winds affected Swainson’s Thrushes’ arrival and departure at Ft. Morgan, Alabama, USA at annual, seasonal, and nightly time scales. Additionally, migrants could benefit from forecasting future wind conditions, crossing on nights when winds are consistently supportive across the Gulf, thereby avoiding the potentially lethal consequences of depleting their energetic reserves over water. To test whether birds forecast, we developed a movement model, calculated to what extent departure winds were predictive of future Gulf winds, and tested whether birds responded to predictability. Swainson’s Thrushes were only slightly selective and did not appear to forecast. By following the simple rule of avoiding only the strongest headwinds at departure, Swainson’s Thrushes could survive the 1500 km flight between Alabama and Veracruz, Mexico.
The Phe362Tyr mutation conveying resistance to organophosphates occurs in high frequencies in salmon lice collected from wild salmon and trout
Authors: Fjørtoft Helene Børretzen , Besnier Francois , Stene Anne , Nilsen Frank , Bjørn Pål Arne , Tveten Ann-Kristin , Finstad Bengt , Aspehaug Vidar , Glover Kevin Alan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe parasitic salmon louse, and its resistance to chemical delousing agents, represents one of the largest challenges to the salmon aquaculture industry. We genotyped lice sampled from wild salmon and sea trout throughout Norway with the recently identifiedPhe362Tyrmutation that conveys resistance to organophosphates. These results were compared to data from lice sampled on farmed salmon in the same regions. The resistant (R) allele was observed in salmon lice from wild salmon and sea trout throughout Norway, although its frequency was highest in farming-intense regions. In most regions, the frequency of the R allele was higher in lice collected from wild sea trout than wild Atlantic salmon, and in all regions, the frequency of the R allele was similar in lice collected from wild sea trout and farmed Atlantic salmon. The R allele is only selected for in fish-farms where organophosphates are used for delousing. Therefore, our results suggest extensive exchange of lice between farmed and wild hosts, and indicate that in farming-dense regions in Norway, aquaculture represents a major driver of salmon louse population structure. Finally, these data suggest that the wild hosts within the regions studied will not delay the spread of resistance when organophosphates are used.
Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genomes of Maiestas dorsalis and Japananus hyalinus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and comparison with other Membracoidea
Authors: Du Yimin , Zhang Chunni , Dietrich Christopher H. , Zhang Yalin , Dai Wu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractOnly six mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) have been previously published for Cicadellidae, the largest family of Hemiptera. This study provides complete, annotated mitogenomes of two additional cicadellid, species Maiestas dorsalis and Japananus hyalinus, and the first comparative mitogenome analysis across the superfamily Membracoidea. The mitogenomes of both sequenced species are similar to those of other studied hemipteran mitogenomes in organization and the lengths are 15,352 and 15,364 bp with an A + T content of 78.7% and 76.6%, respectively. In M. dorsalis, all sequenced genes are arranged in the putative ancestral insect gene arrangement, while the tRNA cluster trnW-trnC-trnY is rearranged to trnY-trnW-trnC in J. hyalinus, the first reported gene rearrangement in Membracoidea. Phylogenetic analyses of the 11 available membracoid mitogenomes and outgroups representing the other two cicadomorphan superfamilies supported the monophyly of Membracoidea, and indicated that treehoppers are a derived lineage of leafhoppers. ML and BI analyses yielded topologies that were congruent except for relationships among included representatives of subfamily Deltocephalinae. Exclusion of third codon positions of PCGs improved some node support values in ML analyses.
A Process-Based Model for Bioturbation-Induced Mixing
Authors: Aquino Tomás , Roche Kevin R. , Aubeneau Antoine , Packman Aaron I. , Bolster Diogo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBioturbation refers to the transport processes carried out by living organisms and their physical effects on soils and sediments. It is widely recognized as an important mixing mechanism, particularly at the sediment-water interface in many natural systems. In order to quantify its impact on mixing, we propose a process-based model based on simple assumptions about organism burrowing behavior. Specifically, we consider burrowing events to be stochastic but memoryless, leading to exponential inter-burrow waiting times and depths. We then explore the impact of two different transport mechanisms on the vertical concentration distributions predicted by the model for a conservative (inert) tracer. We compare the results of our model to experimental data from a recent laboratory study of bioturbation by the freshwater oligochaete worm Lumbriculus variegatus, and find good quantitative agreement.
Impact of intracellular glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end-products on human hepatocyte cell death
Authors: Sakasai-Sakai Akiko , Takata Takanobu , Takino Jun-ichi , Takeuchi Masayoshi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHepatocyte cell death is a key feature of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); however, the pathogenesis of NASH currently remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effects of intracellular glyceraldehyde (GA)-derived advanced glycation end-products (GA-AGEs) on human hepatocyte cell death. The accumulation of intracellular GA-AGEs has been associated with the induction of DNA damage and hepatocyte necrotic cell death. Among intracellular GA-AGEs, caspase-3 has been identified as a GA-AGE-modified protein with abrogated protein function. Furthermore, the activation of caspase-3 and induction of hepatocyte apoptosis by camptothecin, a DNA-damaging agent, was suppressed by a treatment with GA. These results suggest the inhibitory effects of GA-AGE-modified caspase-3 on the induction of DNA-damage-induced apoptosis, which is associated with hepatocyte necrosis. Therefore, the suppression of necrosis, the inflammatory form of cell death, by the accumulation of GA-AGEs and GA-AGE-modified caspase-3 may represent a novel therapeutic target for the pathogenesis of NASH.
Analgesic effects and pharmacologic mechanisms of the Gelsemium alkaloid koumine on a rat model of postoperative pain
Authors: Xiong Bo-Jun , Xu Ying , Jin Gui-Lin , Liu Ming , Yang Jian , Yu Chang-Xi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPostoperative pain (POP) of various durations is a common complication of surgical procedures. POP is caused by nerve damage and inflammatory responses that are difficult to treat. The neuroinflammation-glia-steroid network is known to be important in POP. It has been reported that the Gelsemium alkaloid koumine possesses analgesic, anti-inflammatory and neurosteroid modulating activities. This study was undertaken to test the analgesic effects of koumine against POP and explore the underlying pharmacologic mechanisms. Our results showed that microglia and astroglia were activated in the spinal dorsal horn post-incision, along with an increase of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor α). Both subcutaneous and intrathecal (i.t.) koumine treatment after incision significantly prevented mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, inhibited microglial and astroglial activation, and suppressed expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, the analgesic effects of koumine were antagonized by i.t. administration of translocator protein (18 kDa) (TSPO) antagonist PK11195 and GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline. Together, koumine prevented mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia caused by POP. The pharmacologic mechanism of koumine-mediated analgesia might involve inhibition of spinal neuroinflammation and activation of TSPO. These data suggested that koumine might be a potential pharmacotherapy for the management of POP.
Community structure of gut bacteria of Dendroctonus armandi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) larvae during overwintering stage
Authors: Wang Juan , Chen Hui , Tang Ming 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSurvival rate at low temperature becomes a crucial strategy since temperature change often leads to fluctuations in the insect population. Microbes play important roles in the process of resisting low temperature. In this study, we analyzed gut bacterial communities from Chinese white pine beetle Dendroctonus armandi which remained overwintering process under natural conditions from October 2015 to January 2016, monthly, in the Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi, China using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. A total of 835,227 high-quality sequences and 48 singleton operational taxonomic units were obtained. Gut bacterial communities showed variation in relative abundance during the overwintering stage. As ambient temperature declined, Proteobacteria (mostly γ-proteobacteria) became the predominant phylum in the larvae guts, and followed with Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, respectively. In particular, there was no Deinococcus-Thermus in January 2016. Thermoleophilia appeared in November and December 2015, but not for October 2015 and January 2016, nor did δ-proteobacteria. By contrast, gut bacterial community compositions increased in relative abundance in November and December 2015. This study provided initial evidence that gut bacterial communities were associated with the larvae overwintering process at low temperature. Moreover, no complementary studies combining overwintering process of Coleoptera insect and high-throughput sequencing were carried out, paying particular attention to insect in cold season.
A Clear Speech Approach to Accent Management
Authors: Behrman Alison 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
A 5-session twice-weekly clear speech protocol with daily home practice was developed to enable Spanish-accented speakers of English to code-switch for increased listener ease of understanding. This study provides preliminary data to test the hypothesis that this protocol results in increased ease of understanding for native English listeners, not in decreased talker accentedness.

Method
Using a single-case experimental design, 6 adult native Spanish speakers with English proficiency participated in the protocol. Ease of understanding and accentedness were probed at least 5 times pretraining, at each training session, and once per week for 5 weeks posttraining. Thirty native English–speaking listeners assessed the probes using 7-point scales for each measure.

Results
Ease of understanding improved for all participants (mean improvement = 3.5 points; effect size range = 6.98 to 15.33). Accentedness improved for 4 of 6 participants (mean improvement = 2.3 points; effect size range = 4.04 to 10.48). At the outset, most participants expressed concern that this approach would highlight speech errors. Upon follow-up, all participants reported confidence in using the approach and found it helpful in daily communication.

Conclusions
Further research should explore the effects of this protocol on intelligibility and acoustic metrics and their relationship to ease of understanding and accentedness.
E‐band data transmission over 80 km of non‐zero dispersion fibre link using bismuth‐doped fibre amplifier
Authors: Melkumov M.A. , Mikhailov V. , Hegai A.M. , Riumkin K.E. , Westbrook P.S. , DiGiovanni D.J. , Dianov E.M. 
Published: October 2017

Operation of single‐stage, single‐pump E‐band bismuth‐doped fibre amplifier with gain, noise figure and efficiency comparable to the state‐of‐the‐art erbium‐doped fibre amplifier of the same complexity and the gain bandwidth of 50 nm is demonstrated. The amplification of 10 Gbit/s intensity modulation/direct detection signal with power penalty below 1.5 dB is reported.
Eight‐way radial power splitter including ring‐shape isolation network
Authors: Yu T. , Lin B.‐S. , Chang Y. 
Published: October 2017

A radial power splitter is used to distribute signal power to the following stages locating radially around all directions. A well‐known disadvantage of a radial power splitter implemented on a planar circuit board is the poor performance in output matching and output port isolation. An eight‐way radial power splitter including the proposed ring‐shape isolation network is presented. The ring‐shape isolation network, comprising several series high‐impedance lines and capacitors, plays the crucial role of significantly improving output matching and isolation of the eight‐way power splitter. The background principle and design of the ring‐shape isolation network are described. An eight‐way radial power splitter is designed, simulated and fabricated on a printed circuit board. The measurement results, decently matching the simulations, show the input and output reflection coefficients as low as –20 dB at 1 GHz. The measured output isolation coefficients are below –20 dB at 0.7–1.14 GHz between any two output ports, exhibiting the widest isolation bandwidth among the reported radial power splitters.
CMOS integrated sensor circuit for temperature measurement based on 50 nm technology
Authors: Liu Jihong , Sun Yingying , Shi Chengzhi 
Published: October 2017

A fully‐integrated complementary metal–oxide semiconductor sensor using NPN transistors for temperature measurement is presented. The main purpose of the device is to monitor the temperature for implanted integrated circuits and to ensure the safe operation by monitoring the temperature on‐chip. This study adopted a behavioural simulator that uses LTSPICE for a temperature sensor for performing the rapid and accurate simulation. It is advantageous in 50 nm technique to design the circuits. The integrated sensor circuit consists of a bias circuit, an operational amplifier, and a thermal module. A high sensitivity of 5.9 mV/°C in the output voltage circuit has been measured, the linear dependence of voltage drop across the bipolar junction transistor on temperature, in a range from −30 to 125°C, has been used for thermal sensing.
Interrupted Pummerer Reaction in Latent/Active Glycosylation
Authors: Meng Lingkui , Zeng Jing , Wan Qian 
Published: October 2017

A latent/active glycosylation strategy is efficient for rapid ­assembly of oligosaccharides. We recently developed novel OPTB/OPSB and SPTB/SPSB glycosides as two pairs of latent/active glycosyl donors. The active OPSB and SPSB glycosyl donors are efficiently activated by Tf2O via an interrupted Pummerer reaction mechanism. In this account, the design, developments, mechanism studies and applications of these new glycosylation methodologies are described.1	Introduction2	Conceiving Ideas3	Synthesis of OPSB and SPSB Glycosides4	Substrate Scope5	Application in the Synthesis of Natural Products6	Conclusion