bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency of urinary incontinence among Turkish women, effective factors and its effect on quality of life
Authors: Çevik Semra Akkoz , Güngörmüş Zeynep 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTWhat is the frequency of urinary incontinence in Turkish women and how does it affect their quality of life? The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of urinary incontinence among Turkish women, effective factors and its effect on quality of life. Urinary incontinence, a health problem that is commonly seen among women, leads to primarily social and hygienic problems, and affects the physiological, psychological and economic aspects of individuals who are effected. This cross‐sectional study was conducted in the gynaecological outpatient clinics of a Turkish hospital, between 01 August 2014 and 26 December 2014. The population of the study consisted of 155 women aged 19 and over who applied to the gynaecology outpatient clinics for reasons other than pregnancy. The entire population was included in the study without selecting a sample. The data were collected by using a 16‐question questionnaire and King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ). A total of 67·7% of the women were found to suffer from urinary incontinence problem. A significant correlation was found between the age groups and incontinence problems. While pollakiuria was observed more in the age group of 20–29 years (37·3%), urge incontinence (35·6%), stress incontinence (36·2%), and enuresis nocturna (31·6%) were observed more in the age group of 30–39 years. Quality of life of women with bladder problems was significantly impaired. When the women with stress incontinence were compared with women who suffered from other incontinence problems, all sub‐scale mean scores obtained by the women with stress incontinence from KHQ were higher and the quality of life of these women was seriously impaired.
Studying work in theory and practice: insights for a globalising academia from the IR trajectory in Italy
Authors: Gasparri Stefano 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis article investigates the relevance of context to the study of industrial relations by analysing the trajectory of an under‐researched case outside the Anglo‐Saxon hotspots, Italy. Three phases are put under the spotlight revealing a trajectory anchored to the pluralist fulcrum, but with influence first from radical perspectives and then from unitarist ones.
Cohesion Policies and the Creation of a European Identity: The Role of Territorial Identity
Authors: Capello Roberta 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAmong the factors highlighted by the literature as crucial for the success of cohesion policies in generating satisfaction among citizens, and therefore in acting positively on the constitution of an European identity, this paper emphasizes a particular one, territorial identity. Elaborating on the definition of territorial identity as a local condition in which private interests coincide with public ones, the paper claims that territorial identity plays an important role in a European identity‐building process. In fact, by increasing the probability that local public expenditures match private interests, territorial identity generates a favourable context where the critical factors that hamper the successful programming, design and implementation of cohesion policies can be overcome.
Maternal behaviour in response to predation threats in a vulnerable lizard from Patagonia, Argentina
Authors: Cabezas‐Cartes F. , Boretto J. M. , Halloy M. , Krenz J. D. , Ibargüengoytía N. R. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractClimatic and ecological conditions can determine the existence and degree of parental care. In species that live in cold‐temperate environments and exhibit high reproductive effort it is expected that parental care would have greater selective value. In this study, we aimed to detect maternal behavioural responses to predation threats in the lizard Phymaturus spectabilis from cold‐climate environments of Patagonia, Argentina. Seventeen females with their offspring each were exposed to four treatments in the laboratory: first a treatment with no stimulus, and then in a random order a carnivorous sympatric lizard, a conspecific male and a simulated flight of a museum mount of a raptor. We analysed the occurrence of 11 specific behaviours. Two clearly different parental responses occurred. In the presence of the raptor, mothers stayed near the offspring and remained motionless longer than in the other treatments. Their freezing response is consistent with their cryptic coloration and this species may rely on this strategy to avoid raptor predation. In contrast, in the presence of the predator lizard, mothers presented higher frequencies of flights, tail waves and head bobs. Head bobs are commonly interpreted as dissuasive signals to the predator to discourage attack. The behaviours observed in P. spectabilis together with similar behaviours observed in congeneric species would suggest the existence of a common pattern of parental care related to the high reproductive investment in Phymaturus.
Automated Model‐Based Finding of 3D Objects in Cluttered Construction Point Cloud Models
Authors: Sharif Mohammad‐Mahdi , Nahangi Mohammad , Haas Carl , West Jeffrey 
Published: September 2017

AbstractFinding construction components in cluttered point clouds is a critical pre‐processing task that requires intensive and manual operations. Accurate isolation of an object from point clouds is a key for further processing steps such as positive identification, scan‐to‐building information modeling (BIM), and robotic manipulation. Manual isolaton is tedious, time consuming, and disconnected from the automated tasks involved in the process. This article adapts and examines a method for finding objects within 3D point clouds robustly, quickly, and automatically. A local feature on a pair of points is employed for representing 3D shapes. The method has three steps: (1) offline model library generation, (2) online searching and matching, and (3) match refinement and isolation. Experimental tests are carried out for finding industrial (curvilinear) and structural (rectilinear) elements. The method is verified under various circumstances in order to measure its performance toward addressing the major challenges involved in 3D object finding. Results show that the method is sufficiently quick and robust to be integrated with automated process control frameworks.
Integrative models for joint analysis of shoot growth and branching patterns
Authors: Peyhardi Jean , Caraglio Yves , Costes Evelyne , Lauri Pierre‐Éric , Trottier Catherine , Guédon Yann 
Published: September 2017

Summary

Plants exhibit dependences between shoot growth and branching that generate highly structured patterns. The characterization of the patterning mechanism is still an open issue because of the developmental processes involved with both succession of events (e.g. internode elongation, axillary shoot initiation and elongation) and complex dependences among neighbouring positions along the parent shoot.

Statistical models called semi‐Markov switching partitioned conditional generalized linear models were built on the basis of apple and pear tree datasets. In these models, the semi‐Markov chain represents both the succession and lengths of branching zones, whereas the partitioned conditional generalized linear models represent the influence of parent shoot growth variables on axillary productions within each branching zone.

Parent shoot growth variables were shown to influence specific developmental events. On this basis, the growth and branching patterns of two apple tree (Malus domestica) cultivars, as well as of pear trees (Pyrus spinosa) between two successive growing cycles, were compared.

The proposed integrative statistical models were able to decipher the roles of successive developmental events in the growth and branching patterning mechanisms. These models could incorporate other parent shoot explanatory variables, such as the local curvature or the maximum growth rate of the leaf.
Environment and host identity structure communities of green algal symbionts in lichens
Authors: Dal Grande Francesco , Rolshausen Gregor , Divakar Pradeep K. , Crespo Ana , Otte Jürgen , Schleuning Matthias , Schmitt Imke 
Published: September 2017

Summary

An understanding of how biotic interactions shape species’ distributions is central to predicting host–symbiont responses under climate change. Switches to locally adapted algae have been proposed to be an adaptive strategy of lichen‐forming fungi to cope with environmental change. However, it is unclear how lichen photobionts respond to environmental gradients, and whether they play a role in determining the fungal host's upper and lower elevational limits.

Deep‐coverage Illumina DNA metabarcoding was used to track changes in the community composition of Trebouxia algae associated with two phylogenetically closely related, but ecologically divergent fungal hosts along a steep altitudinal gradient in the Mediterranean region.

We detected the presence of multiple Trebouxia species in the majority of thalli. Both altitude and host genetic identity were strong predictors of photobiont community assembly in these two species. The predominantly clonally dispersing fungus showed stronger altitudinal structuring of photobiont communities than the sexually reproducing host. Elevation ranges of the host were not limited by the lack of compatible photobionts.

Our study sheds light on the processes guiding the formation and distribution of specific fungal–algal combinations in the lichen symbiosis. The effect of environmental filtering acting on both symbiotic partners appears to shape the distribution of lichens.
Adaptability and specificity of inhibition processes in distractor‐induced blindness
Authors: Winther Gesche N. , Niedeggen Michael 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn a rapid serial visual presentation task, inhibition processes cumulatively impair processing of a target possessing distractor properties. This phenomenon—known as distractor‐induced blindness—has thus far only been elicited using dynamic visual features, such as motion and orientation changes. In three ERP experiments, we used a visual object feature—color—to test for the adaptability and specificity of the effect. In Experiment I, participants responded to a color change (target) in the periphery whose onset was signaled by a central cue. Presentation of irrelevant color changes prior to the cue (distractors) led to reduced target detection, accompanied by a frontal ERP negativity that increased with increasing number of distractors, similar to the effects previously found for dynamic targets. This suggests that distractor‐induced blindness is adaptable to color features. In Experiment II, the target consisted of coherent motion contrasting the color distractors. Correlates of distractor‐induced blindness were found neither in the behavioral nor in the ERP data, indicating a feature specificity of the process. Experiment III confirmed the strict distinction between congruent and incongruent distractors: A single color distractor was embedded in a stream of motion distractors with the target consisting of a coherent motion. While behavioral performance was affected by the distractors, the color distractor did not elicit a frontal negativity. The experiments show that distractor‐induced blindness is also triggered by visual stimuli predominantly processed in the ventral stream. The strict specificity of the central inhibition process also applies to these stimulus features.
Factors associated with treatment seeking for malaria in Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Singh Mrigendra P. , Saha Kalyan B. , Chand Sunil K. , Anvikar Anup 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo determine household factors associated with treatment seeking for malaria.MethodsThe study was carried out in four districts of Madhya Pradesh with different malaria endemicity. A total of 1470 households were interviewed in which at least one member suffered from microscopically confirmed malaria in the 3 months preceding the survey. Socio‐demographic, economic, cultural characteristics, their health beliefs, knowledge and practices regarding malaria and choice of treatment seeking were explored.ResultsA total of 764 households were from high‐endemic and 706 from low‐endemic areas. More than half of household heads were illiterate; most are farmers. Approximately 46% sought treatment for malaria from unqualified informal providers; 19% from qualified private health practitioners and 35% from government health providers. Analysis revealed that household's area of residence, education, occupation, ethnicity, use of preventive measures, economic status, knowledge and practices, distance and delayed treatment seeking was strongly associated with the type of healthcare providers selected.ConclusionsDemand for formal health services among the poor, illiterate, tribal population living in remote areas is low. Accessible and affordable health services and a sensitisation programme to increase the demand for formal providers are needed.
Retrospective analysis of nonradiation complications in dogs undergoing radiation therapy
Authors: Farrelly John , Shi Qiuhu 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDogs receiving radiation can develop complications unrelated to the radiation treatment. No study to date has described these complications in clinical patients undergoing multiple radiation therapy treatments. The purpose of this retrospective case‐control study was to characterize the incidence and type of complications that occur in these dogs. A secondary goal was to evaluate whether patient and treatment characteristics could be identified to predict the risk of these complications. Medical records of 268 dogs receiving at least one radiation treatment at a single institution, between September, 2004 and June, 2007 were reviewed. Age, breed, gender, body weight, tumor type, tumor location, number of treatments, pre‐treatment blood work abnormalities, and whether chemotherapy, glucocorticoids, or nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs were given were collected. Number, type, and severity of nonradiation complications were recorded. Complications attributed to the tumor or to the radiation were excluded. Statistical analyses were performed to determine whether demographic and clinical characteristics were associated with development of a complication. General anesthesia was used for all treatments. Complications occurred in 101 (37%) cases including diarrhea, vomiting, cough, and loss of appetite, which were typically mild. Seventeen dogs (6%) developed severe complications. Eight dogs (3%) died from their complication. Dogs that developed complications were younger, received more treatments, had leukocytosis, received glucocorticoids, and were less likely to have thrombocytopenia. On multivariate analysis, number of treatments and leukocytosis were significantly associated with complications. Findings indicate that nonradiation complications are common in dogs receiving radiotherapy under general anesthesia. In this population, complications were usually mild or self‐limiting.
Investigating the impact of innate dexterity skills and visuospatial aptitude on the performance of baseline laparoscopic skills in veterinary students
Authors: MacCormick Mathew R. A. , Kilkenny Jessica J. , Walker Meagan , zur Linden Alex , Singh Ameet 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo determine if manual dexterity and visuospatial skills can be used to predict baseline laparoscopic surgery skills in veterinary students.Study DesignPilot study.MethodsVeterinary students (n = 45) from years 1‐4 volunteered for this study. An hour‐long electronic questionnaire was completed by participants. The first section was used to collect demographics and information about prior nonsurgical experiences. The second section included 3 tests of visuospatial skills, including the Purdue Visualization of Rotations Test, Mental Rotations Test, and Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices Test. Multiple tests were administered to assess innate dexterity, including the grooved pegboard test, indirect and direct zigzag tracking tests, and the 3Dconnexion proficiency test. Each dexterity test was performed once with the left hand and once with the right hand. The order of task performance was randomized. Basic laparoscopic skills were assessed using the validated fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery (FLS) peg transfer task.ResultsThere was an association between left‐handed grooved pegboard scores (95% CI −10046.36 to −1636.53, P‐value = .008) and left‐handed indirect zigzag tracking task (95% CI −35.78 to −8.20, P‐value = .003) with FLS peg transfer scores. Individuals who reported playing videogames achieved higher scores on the FLS peg transfer task than those without videogame experience (95% CI 583.59 to 3509.97, P‐value = .007).ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that dexterity was a better predictor of baseline laparoscopic skills than visuospatial skills in veterinary students.
Effect of Aloe vera on glycemic outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Kaur Narabjit , Fernandez Ritin , Sim Jenny 
Published: September 2017

Review question/objective:
: The objective is to identify the effectiveness of Aloe vera on glycemic outcomes (fasting blood glucose level and glycosylated hemoglobin) in patients with diabetes mellitus. Specifically, the review question is: what is the effectiveness of oral A. vera (Aloe barbadensis) on glycemic outcomes in adult patients with pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus as compared to a placebo group?
The association between maternal exposure to pollutant particulate matter 2.5 and neonatal congenital heart defects: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Hall Katie C. , Robinson Jennifer C. 
Published: September 2017

Review question:
The objective of this review is to identify if there is an association between maternal exposure to pollutant particulate matter 2.5 during the first trimester of pregnancy and neonatal congenital heart defects within the first year of life.
Safety and effectiveness of pharmacotherapy for depression in adults who have sustained a traumatic brain injury: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Clay Fiona J. , Perry Luke A. , Hicks Amelia J. , Batty Rachel , Tufanaru Catalin , Jayaram Mahesh , Ponsford Jennie , Hopwood Malcolm 
Published: September 2017

Review objective/question:
The objective of this systematic review is to synthesize the current evidence on the effectiveness and harms of pharmacotherapy in the management of depression in adults who have sustained a traumatic brain injury.
IndoTrack
Authors: Li Xiang , Zhang Daqing , Lv Qin , Xiong Jie , Li Shengjie , Zhang Yue , Mei Hong 
Published: September 2017

Indoor human tracking is fundamental to many real-world applications such as security surveillance, behavioral analysis, and elderly care. Previous solutions usually require dedicated device being carried by the human target, which is inconvenient or even infeasible in scenarios such as elderly care and break-ins. However, compared with device-based tracking, device-free tracking is particularly challenging because the much weaker reflection signals are employed for tracking. The problem becomes even more difficult with commodity Wi-Fi devices, which have limited number of antennas, small bandwidth size, and severe hardware noise.
In this work, we propose IndoTrack, a device-free indoor human tracking system that utilizes only commodity Wi-Fi devices. IndoTrack is composed of two innovative methods: (1) Doppler-MUSIC is able to extract accurate Doppler velocity information from noisy Wi-Fi Channel State Information (CSI) samples; and (2) Doppler-AoA is able to determine the absolute trajectory of the target by jointly estimating target velocity and location via probabilistic co-modeling of spatial-temporal Doppler and AoA information. Extensive experiments demonstrate that IndoTrack can achieve a 35cm median error in human trajectory estimation, outperforming the state-of-the-art systems and provide accurate location and velocity information for indoor human mobility and behavioral analysis.
OpenKeychain
Authors: Schürmann Dominik , Dechand Sergej , Wolf Lars 
Published: September 2017

While many Android apps provide end-to-end encryption, the cryptographic keys are still stored on the device itself and can thus be stolen by exploiting vulnerabilities. External cryptographic hardware solves this issue, but is currently only used for two-factor authentication and not for communication encryption.
In this paper, we design, implement, and evaluate an architecture for NFC-based cryptography on Android. Our high-level API provides cryptographic operations without requiring knowledge of public-key cryptography. By developing OpenKeychain, we were able to roll out this architecture for more than 100,000 users. It provides encryption for emails, messaging, and a password manager. We provide a threat model, NFC performance measurements, and discuss their impact on our architecture design. As an alternative form factor to smart cards, we created the prototype of an NFC signet ring. To evaluate the UI components and form factors, a lab study with 40 participants at a large company has been conducted. We measured the time required by the participants to set up the system and reply to encrypted emails. These measurements and a subsequent interview indicate that our NFC-based solutions are more user friendly in comparison to traditional password-protected keys.
EM-Comm
Authors: Yang Chouchang Jack , Sample Alanson P. 
Published: September 2017

Touch-based communication offers a direct and intuitive way for users to initiate and control data transfer when using tangible and ubiquitous interfaces. However, this requires that each interactive device be instrumented with a dedicated radio transmitter, which limits many applications. While not all devices have radio hardware, all devices do emit small amounts of electromagnetic noise in the form of EMI. We argue that if properly modulated these electromagnetic emissions can be used as an untapped communication channel capable of transmitting arbitrary data.
To enable this, a spread spectrum frequency shift keying modulation scheme has been developed to encode data onto the device’s EMI. When the device is touched by a user, the data encoded EMI signal travels through their body and into our custom wrist band, consisting of a single op-amp and MCU. Our results show that we are able to turn electronic primitives such as LEDs, buttons, I/O lines, LCD screens, motors and power supplies into radio transmitters capable of touch communication. Effective data rates range from 5.8Kbps to 22 bit per image depending on the primitive used. To demonstrate this new communication technique, we develop several interactive experiences where users can retrieve complex information such as the function of buttons on a device, directions embedded into a LCD screen, and simplified device pairing. Ultimately, EM-Comm enables nearly any electronic device to be turned into a touch-based radio transmitter with only a software upgrade.