bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expectancy Reduces Symptoms but not Functional Impairment Following Exercise-induced Musculoskeletal Injury
Authors: Hedderson William C. , Dover Geoffrey C. , George Steven Z. , Crow Joshua A. , Borsa Paul A. 
Published: February 2017

Objectives:
To quantify the extent to which the participant-provider interaction influences the response to sham treatment following exercised-induced acute musculoskeletal pain.

Materials and Methods:
In total, 40 participants between the ages of 18 and 35 volunteered for the study. Participants came to the laboratory for 3 test sessions 48-hour apart (day 1, 3, and 5). During the initial session, baseline measures were assessed and participants underwent a fatigue protocol for the biceps brachii. Participants were then assigned to a positive expectation or a no-expectation condition before receiving a sham laser therapy treatment. The positive expectation group received symptom improvement priming before their sham treatment. Participants allocated to the no-expectation condition received no feedback before the sham treatment. Maximum voluntary isometric contraction; relaxed elbow angle; visual analog scale; and the QuickDash questionnaire were used as outcome measures.

Results:
The positive expectation group had a significant reduction in perceived pain compared with the no-expectation group at day 3 follow-up, with the mean scores being 34.65 mm (SE=4.44) compared with 49.4 mm (SE=5.79), respectively. There were no between-group differences with respect to maximum voluntary isometric contraction, QuickDash, or relaxed elbow angle outcomes. In addition, there were no significant between-group differences observed with expected pain on follow-up visits, the effect sizes were d=0.26 on day 1 for day 3 and d=0.51 on day for day 5.

Discussion:
Positive expectations before a sham treatment enhanced reduction in pain intensity but did not improve functional impairments following exercise-induced acute musculoskeletal injury.
Quick chronic liver failure-sequential organ failure assessment: an easy-to-use scoring model for predicting mortality risk in critically ill cirrhosis patients
Authors: Zhou Xiao-Dong , Zhang Jia-Ying , Liu Wen-Yue , Wu Sheng-Jie , Shi Ke-Qing , Braddock Martin , Chen Yong-Ping , Huang Wei-Jian , Zheng Ming-Hua 
Published: February 2017

Background and aim
Critically ill cirrhosis patients have an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, even after admission to the ICU. Our objectives were to compare the predictive accuracy of model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), MELD-Na, UK model for end-stage liver disease, and chronic liver failure-sequential organ failure assessment (CLIF-SOFA) by the development and validation of an easy-to-use prognostic model [named quick CLIF-SOFA (qCLIF-SOFA)] for early risk prediction in critically ill patients with cirrhosis.

Patients and methods
Overall, 1460 patients were extracted from the MIMIC-III database and enrolled in this study at 30-day and 90-day follow-up. qCLIF-SOFA was developed in the established cohort (n=730) and a performance analysis was completed in the validation cohort (n=730) using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results were compared with CLIF-SOFA.

Results
The performance of CLIF-SOFA was significantly better than that of MELD, MELD-Na, and UK model for end-stage liver disease for predicting both 30-day and 90-day mortality (all P<0.05). qCLIF-SOFA consisted of five independent factors (bilirubin, creatinine, international normalized ratio, mean arterial pressure, and vasopressin) associated with mortality. In the established cohort, CLIF-SOFA and qCLIF-SOFA predicted mortality with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values of 0.768 versus 0.743 at 30-day, 0.747 versus 0.744 at 90-day, and 0.699 versus 0.706 at 1 year, respectively (all P>0.05). A similar result was observed in the validation cohort (0.735 vs. 0.734 at 30 days, 0.723 vs. 0.737 at 90 days, and 0.682 vs. 0.700 at 1 year, respectively, all P>0.05).

Conclusion
The utility of CLIF-SOFA was further shown to predict mortality for critically ill cirrhosis patients. The novel and simpler qCLIF-SOFA model showed comparable accuracy compared with existing CLIF-SOFA for prognostic prediction.
A Comparison of Nurse Practitioners, Physician Assistants, and Primary Care Physicians’ Patterns of Practice and Quality of Care in Health Centers
Authors: Kurtzman Ellen T. , Barnow Burt S. 
Published: February 2017

Background:Under the Affordable Care Act, the number and capacity of community health centers (HCs) is growing. Although the majority of HC care is provided by primary care physicians (PCMDs), a growing proportion is delivered by nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs); yet, little is known about how these clinicians’ care compares in this setting.Objectives:To compare the quality of care and practice patterns of NPs, PAs, and PCMDs in HCs.Research Design:Using 5 years of data (2006–2010) from the HC subsample of the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and multivariate regression analysis, we estimated the impact of receiving NP-delivered or PA-delivered care versus PCMD-delivered care. We used design-based and model-based inference and weighted all estimates.Subjects:Primary analyses included 23,704 patient visits to 1139 practitioners—a sample representing approximately 30 million patient visits to HCs in the United States.Measures:We examined 9 patient-level outcomes: 3 quality indicators, 4 service utilization measures, and 2 referral pattern measures.Results:On 7 of the 9 outcomes studied, no statistically significant differences were detected in NP or PA care compared with PCMD care. On the remaining outcomes, visits to NPs were more likely to receive recommended smoking cessation counseling and more health education/counseling services than visits to PCMDs (P≤0.05). Visits to PAs also received more health education/counseling services than visits to PCMDs (P≤0.01; design-based model only).Conclusions:Across the outcomes studied, results suggest that NP and PA care were largely comparable to PCMD care in HCs.
Increasing Risk of Disturbed Root Development in Permanent Teeth in Childhood Cancer Survivors Undergoing Cancer Treatment at Older Age
Authors: Tanaka Miyuki , Kamata Takahiro , Yanagisawa Ryu , Morita Daisuke , Saito Shoji , Sakashita Kazuo , Shiohara Masaaki , Kurita Hiroshi , Koike Kenichi , Nakazawa Yozo 
Published: February 2017

Background:
Structural anomalies of teeth are observed at high rates in childhood cancer survivors (CCS). Several therapeutic exposures have been shown to be associated with dental developmental disturbances. This study was conducted to analyze the risk factors for dental developmental abnormality (DDA) and investigate the association between age at the time of cancer treatment and DDA in CCS.

Patients and Methods:
Fifty-six CCS were enrolled. Orthopantomography and dental examination were performed in all the patients. We evaluated the prevalence of DDA and analyzed the risk factors for each type of DDA.

Results:
DDAs were observed in 46.4% of CCS, including hypodontia in 9 (16.1%), abnormal roots in nine (16.1%), enamel defects/hypoplasia in 6 (10.7%), and microdontia in 12 (21.4%) patients. The number of patients with abnormal roots was significantly higher in the group treated with stem cell transplantation or at an age older than 4 years. We observed that the formation period of abnormal teeth coincided with the treatment period in the majority of CCS with DDA.

Conclusions:
Particularly regarding the root abnormality, treatment at elder age may be a risk factor for root developmental disturbances. Risk evaluation, appropriate follow-up, and early detection of dental issues are required for all CCS.
Retrospective Evaluation of Palifermin Use in Nonhematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Pediatric Patients
Authors: Liu Dazhi , Seyboth Brian , Mathew Sherry , Gilheeney Stephen W. , Chou Alexander J. , Drill Esther , Kobos Rachel 
Published: February 2017

Background:
Palifermin has been proven to decrease the frequency of severe oral mucositis in adult patients with sarcoma and metastatic colorectal cancer receiving chemotherapy. The impact of palifermin on the incidence of mucositis in nonhematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) pediatric population receiving chemotherapy has never been reported to date.

Patients and Methods:
This is a retrospective analysis of pediatric patients who received palifermin as secondary prophylaxis to prevent chemotherapy-induced mucositis at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center from January 1, 2008 to 2014. Data from electronic medical records on days to mucositis resolution, use of opioids, use of total parenteral nutrition, duration of hospitalization, and antibiotics are collected and presented here.

Results:
A total of 18 patients received palifermin for secondary prophylaxis after developing mucositis from the prior chemotherapy cycle. Mucositis did not reoccur in the subsequent cycle for 13 of the 18 patients. The majority of patients who received palifermin prophylaxis had decreased opioids and antibiotics use and decreased duration of hospitalization. Six of the 7 patients previously requiring total parenteral nutrition due to mucositis had decreased supplemental nutritional needs following the use of palifermin.

Conclusion:
Palifermin may provide benefit as secondary prophylaxis in pediatric patients to prevent chemotherapy-induced mucositis.
Simulation as Part of Discharge Teaching for Parents of Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Raines Deborah A. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Background:
Simulation has become accepted as a method to increase confidence among healthcare professionals. We felt simulation might have similar benefits for parents of babies about to be discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit.

Purpose:
We developed the Neonatal Home Environment Learning Program to promote parental confidence in anticipation of their infant's discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit.

Methods:
This evaluation study was conducted with 15 mother/father dyads. Each participant recorded a self-perceived confidence score before and after the simulation experience. Participants also completed a program evaluation and participated in a debriefing session. Confidence scores (pre- and postsimulation) and evaluation scores were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Responses from the debriefing sessions were analyzed using descriptive phenomenology.

Results:
Parents rated the simulation experience highly. During debriefings, parents shared that the simulation made them feel more prepared. Two themes emerged from the debriefing data: doing it alone was different than I expected and feeling more confident.

Clinical Implications:
A simulation experience for parents helps to ensure a positive transition to home and safe, effective care after discharge of the infant.
Reducing Surgery Scheduling Errors in Multihospital System
Authors: Watson Donna S. , Corbett Cynthia F. , Oneal Gail , Daratha Kenn B. 
Published: February 2017

Objective
The purpose of this study was to assess whether bundled team training interventions for surgeons and office staff could effectively improve the accuracy of surgery scheduling, minimizing scheduling factors that may contribute to occurrence of wrong site surgery.

Methods
This quasi-experimental observational study used an interrupted time series design to explore surgery scheduling errors (SSEs) and implemented bundled team training interventions intended to reduce SSEs at a Pacific Northwest Regional Surgery Scheduling Department. Each preintervention and postintervention segment consisted of 16 weekly data points. The bundled team training interventions included disclosure of preintervention scheduling errors, a scheduling verification checklist, an updated surgery scheduling policy and procedure, and toolkit to improve office scheduling of surgeries.

Results
Improvements in SSEs were observed preintervention to postintervention, with decreased surgery SSE rate from 0.51% to 0.13% (P < 0.001). Reductions were observed in all SSE types. The segmented linear trend demonstrated an observed reduction of 42.70 SSE (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
This is the first study conducted at a large healthcare system with a regional surgery scheduling department to demonstrate that statistically significant and clinically important reductions in SSEs can be achieved. The findings demonstrate that SSEs can be minimized and confirm that verification processes must begin in the surgeon’s office once a decision has been reached to proceed with surgery. The study confirms the need for additional research targeted at understanding why SSEs occur at the time of scheduling.
The Second-Generation Maturation Inhibitor GSK3532795 Maintains Potent Activity Toward HIV Protease Inhibitor–Resistant Clinical Isolates
Authors: Ray Neelanjana , Li Tianbo , Lin Zeyu , Protack Tricia , van Ham Petronella Maria , Hwang Carey , Krystal Mark , Nijhuis Monique , Lataillade Max , Dicker Ira 
Published: February 2017

Background:
Protease inhibitor (PI)-resistant HIV-1 isolates with primary substitutions in protease (PR) and secondary substitutions in Gag could potentially exhibit cross-resistance to maturation inhibitors. We evaluated the second-generation maturation inhibitor, GSK3532795, for activity toward clinical isolates with genotypic and phenotypic characteristics associated with PI resistance (longitudinal).

Methods:
Longitudinal clinical isolates from 15 PI-treated patients and 7 highly PI-resistant (nonlongitudinal) viruses containing major and minor PI resistance-associated mutations were evaluated for GSK3532795 sensitivity. Phenotypic sensitivity was determined using the PhenoSense Gag/PR assay (Monogram Biosciences) or in-house single- and multiple-cycle assays. Changes from baseline [CFB; ratio of post- to pre-treatment FC-IC50 (fold-change in IC50 versus wild-type virus)] <3 were considered to be within the no-effect level.

Results:
All nonlongitudinal viruses tested were sensitive to GSK3532795 (FC-IC50 range 0.16–0.68). Among longitudinal isolates, all post-PI treatment samples had major PI resistance-associated mutations in PR and 17/21 had PI resistance-associated changes in Gag. Nineteen of the 21 post-PI treatment samples had GSK3532795 CFB <3. Median (range) CFB was 0.83 (0.05–27.4) [Monogram (11 patients)] and 1.5 (1.0–2.2) [single-cycle (4 patients)]. The 2 post-PI treatment samples showing GSK3532795 CFB >3 (Monogram) were retested using single- and multiple-cycle assays. Neither sample had meaningful sensitivity changes in the multiple-cycle assay. Gag changes were not associated with an increased GSK3532795 CFB.

Conclusions:
GSK3532795 maintained antiviral activity against PI-resistant isolates with emergent PR and/or Gag mutations. This finding supports continued development of GSK3532795 in treatment-experienced patients with or without previous PI therapy.
PMTCT Service Uptake Among Adolescents and Adult Women Attending Antenatal Care in Selected Health Facilities in Zimbabwe
Authors: Musarandega Reuben , Machekano Rhoderick , Chideme Memory , Muchuchuti Cephas , Mushavi Angela , Mahomva Agnes , Guay Laura 
Published: February 2017

Background:
Age-disaggregated analyses of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) program data to assess the uptake of HIV services by pregnant adolescent women are limited but are critical to understanding the unique needs of this vulnerable high-risk population.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective analysis of patient-level PMTCT data collected from 2011 to 2013 in 36 health facilities in 5 districts of Zimbabwe using an electronic database. We compared uptake proportions for PMTCT services between adolescent (≤19 years) and adult (>19 years) women. Multivariable binomial regression analysis was used to estimate the association of the women's age group with each PMTCT service indicator.

Results:
The study analyzed data from 22,215 women aged 12–50 years (22.5% adolescents). Adolescents were more likely to present to antenatal care (ANC) before 14 weeks of gestational age compared with older women [adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 1.34; 95% confidence interval: 1.22 to 1.47] with equally low rates of completion of 4 ANC visits. Adolescents were less likely to present with known HIV status (aRR = 0.34; 95% confidence interval: 0.29 to 0.41) but equally likely to be HIV tested in ANC. HIV prevalence was 5.5% in adolescents vs 20.1% in adults. While >84% of both HIV-positive groups received antiretroviral drugs for PMTCT, 44% of eligible adolescents were initiated on antiretroviral therapy vs 51.3% of eligible adults, though not statistically significant.

Conclusions:
Pregnant adolescents must be a priority for primary HIV prevention services and expanded HIV treatment services among pregnant women to achieve an AIDS-free generation in Zimbabwe and similar high HIV burden countries.
Liver Inflammation Relates to Decreased Canalicular Bile Transporter Expression in Pediatric Onset Intestinal Failure
Authors: Mutanen Annika , Lohi Jouko , Heikkilä Päivi , Jalanko Hannu , Pakarinen Mikko P. 
Published: February 2017

Objective:
Although liver disease is a major complication of parenteral nutrition (PN) for intestinal failure (IF), its pathogenesis remains unclear. We investigated potential molecular mechanisms of liver injury in pediatric onset IF.

Methods:
Liver expression of canalicular phospholipid (ABCB4), bile acid (ABCB11), and sterol (ABCG5/8) transporters, their upstream regulators LXR and FXR as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were investigated among patients with IF [age median 3.8 (IQR 1.2 to 11)] in relation to biochemical and histologic liver injury, PN, serum plant sterols, fibroblast growth factor 19, and α-tocopherol.

Results:
Patients receiving PN currently (n = 18) showed more advanced liver injury than patients after weaning off PN (n = 30). Histologic portal inflammation strongly segregated PN-dependent (44%) from weaned off patients (3%, P = 0.001) and coupled with progression of cholestasis and liver fibrosis. Patients with portal inflammation demonstrated markedly induced liver RNA expression of IL6 and TNF, repression of FXR and its canalicular bile transporter target gene RNA expression, including ABCB4 and ABCB11 as well as decreased protein expression of ABCB11 and ABCB4. Furthermore, upregulation of LXR and ABCG5/8 RNA expression was suppressed in patients with portal inflammation. Current PN, increased serum levels of plant sterols stigmasterol, avenasterol, and sitosterol along with serum citrulline, a marker of enterocyte mass, predicted portal inflammation.

Conclusions:
In pediatric onset IF, current PN delivery synergistically with intestinal compromise promote liver inflammation, which associates with progression of biochemical and histologic liver injury, while reducing expression of canalicular bile transporters.
Human PGBD5 DNA transposase promotes site-specific oncogenic mutations in rhabdoid tumors
Authors: Henssen Anton G. , Koche Richard , Zhuang Jiali , Jiang Eileen , Reed Casie , Eisenberg Amy , Still Eric , MacArthur Ian C. , Rodríguez-Fos Elias , Gonzalez Santiago , Puiggròs Montserrat , Blackford Andrew N. , Mason Christopher E. , de Stanchina Elisa , Gönen Mithat , Emde Anne-Katrin , Shah Minita , Arora Kanika , Reeves Catherine , Socci Nicholas D. , Perlman Elizabeth , Antonescu Cristina R. , Roberts Charles W. M. , Steen Hanno , Mullen Elizabeth , Jackson Stephen P. , Torrents David , Weng Zhiping , Armstrong Scott A. , Kentsis Alex 
Published: February 2017

AbstractGenomic rearrangements are a hallmark of childhood solid tumors, but their mutational causes remain poorly understood. Here, we identify the piggyBac transposable element derived 5 (PGBD5) gene as an enzymatically active human DNA transposase expressed in the majority of rhabdoid tumors, a lethal childhood cancer. Using assembly-based whole-genome DNA sequencing, we observed previously unknown somatic genomic rearrangements in primary human rhabdoid tumors. These rearrangements were characterized by deletions and inversions involving PGBD5-specific signal (PSS) sequences at their breakpoints, with some recurrently targeting tumor suppressor genes, leading to their inactivation. PGBD5 was found to be physically associated with human genomic PSS sequences that were also sufficient to mediate PGBD5-induced DNA rearrangements in rhabdoid tumor cells. We found that ectopic expression of PGBD5 in primary immortalized human cells was sufficient to promote penetrant cell transformation in vitro and in immunodeficient mice in vivo. This activity required specific catalytic residues in the PGBD5 transposase domain, as well as end-joining DNA repair, and induced distinct structural rearrangements, involving PSS-associated breakpoints, similar to those found in primary human rhabdoid tumors. This defines PGBD5 as an oncogenic mutator and provides a plausible mechanism for site-specific DNA rearrangements in childhood and adult solid tumors.
Does e-readiness of citizens ensure better adoption of government’s digital initiatives? A case based study
Authors: Ghosh Roy Saikat , Upadhyay Parijat 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to critically examine and evaluate the “E-Readiness” of the citizens of India which is imperative to make such large scale e-government initiatives a success. The researchers tried to compare India with some developed and developing countries where the e-government model have been implemented successfully, looking at the prime factors for the successful implementation.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology adopted for this study is exploratory in nature. A comprehensive questionnaire was adapted and the survey was conducted mostly in online format. The data were found reliable for further analysis. Exploratory factor analysis provides us five factors covering approximately 50 per cent of the variance explained. So, the authors can infer five dimensions to be the major constituents of e-readiness as per this study.

Findings
The findings are quite significant as end users and citizens were found to be quite involved in the usage of technology. Thus, user’s proactive participation in technological assimilation also augurs well for the e-readiness of the society. But people are worried about the safety and security of the automated and online services.

Originality/value
The questionnaire was developed by the authors and the data analysis was also done on the basis of responses received. The paper adds value to the existing literature by capturing the issues behind the acceptance of the several technologies backed government initiatives. The authors believe that the findings will help the government to implement digital initiatives with more success.