bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined moderate and high intensity exercise with dietary restriction improves cardiac autonomic function associated with a reduction in central and systemic arterial stiffness in obese adults: a clinical trial
Authors: Hu Min , Wang Shen , Wang Dan , Lai Qinhao , Chen Xiaoying , Duan Shiwei , Zhao Mengke , Huang Junhao 
Published: October 2017

Objective
The present study aimed to assess the effects of exercise with dietary restriction on cardiac autonomic activity, arterial stiffness, and cardiovascular biomarkers in obese individuals.

Methods
Seventeen obese adults completed an 8-week exercise and dietary program. Anthropometry, body composition, and multiple biochemical markers were measured. We used carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), central blood pressure, and augmentation index (AIx) to assess arterial stiffness. To determine cardiac autonomic activity, heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed by standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), square root of the mean squared differences of successive normal-to-normal intervals (RMSSD), total power (TF), low-frequency power in normalized units (LFnu), high-frequency power in normalized units (HFnu), and low-frequency power/high-frequency power (LF/HF).

Results
Following the exercise and diet intervention, obese subjects had significant reductions in body weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, brachial systolic blood pressure, and resting heart rate, and they had shown improvements in blood chemistry markers such as lipid profiles, insulin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. There was a significant reduction in both cfPWV and baPWV following the intervention when compared to baseline levels. Moreover, the AIx and aortic systolic blood pressure were significantly reduced after the intervention. The diet and exercise intervention significantly increased cardiac autonomic modulation (determined by improved SDNN, RMSSD, TP LF, HF, and LF/HF), which was partly due to changes in heart rate, insulin resistance, and the inflammatory pattern. Furthermore, we observed a correlation between enhanced cardiac autonomic modulation (LF/HF) and decreased arterial stiffness, as measured by central cfPWV and systemic baPWV.

Discussion
An 8-week combined intervention of diet and exercise is effective in improving cardiac autonomic function in obese adults, with an associated decrease in central and systemic arterial stiffness.
Using the Coronal Evolution to Successfully Forward Model CMEs' In Situ Magnetic Profiles
Authors: Kay C. , Gopalswamy N. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPredicting the effects of a coronal mass ejection (CME) impact requires knowing if impact will occur, which part of the CME impacts, and its magnetic properties. We explore the relation between CME deflections and rotations, which change the position and orientation of a CME, and the resulting magnetic profiles at 1 AU. For 45 STEREO‐era, Earth‐impacting CMEs, we determine the solar source of each CME, reconstruct its coronal position and orientation, and perform a ForeCAT (Forecasting a CME's Altered Trajectory) simulation of the coronal deflection and rotation. From the reconstructed and modeled CME deflections and rotations, we determine the solar cycle variation and correlations with CME properties. We assume no evolution between the outer corona and 1 AU and use the ForeCAT results to drive the ForeCAT In situ Data Observer (FIDO) in situ magnetic field model, allowing for comparisons with ACE and Wind observations. We do not attempt to reproduce the arrival time. On average FIDO reproduces the in situ magnetic field for each vector component with an error equivalent to 35% of the average total magnetic field strength when the total modeled magnetic field is scaled to match the average observed value. Random walk best fits distinguish between ForeCAT's ability to determine FIDO's input parameters and the limitations of the simple flux rope model. These best fits reduce the average error to 30%. The FIDO results are sensitive to changes of order a degree in the CME latitude, longitude, and tilt, suggesting that accurate space weather predictions require accurate measurements of a CME's position and orientation.
Quantification of Fracture Interaction Using Stress Intensity Factor Variation Maps
Authors: Thomas Robin N. , Paluszny Adriana , Zimmerman Robert W. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAccurate and flexible models of fracture interaction are sought after in the fields of mechanics and geology. Stress intensity factors (SIFs) quantify the energy concentrated at the fracture tips and are perturbed from their isolated values when two fractures are close to one another. Using a three‐dimensional finite element fracture mechanics code to simulate static fractures in tension and compression, interaction effects are examined. SIF perturbations are characterized by introducing three interaction measures: the circumferential and maximum SIF perturbation provide the “magnitude” of the effect of interaction, and the amplification to shielding ratio quantifies the balance between increased and decreased SIFs along the tip. These measures are used to demonstrate the change in interaction with fracture separation and to find the separation at which interaction becomes negligible. Interaction maps are constructed by plotting the values of the interaction measures for a static fracture as a second fracture is moved around it. These maps are presented for several common fracture orientations in tension. They explore interaction by highlighting regions in which growth is more likely to occur and where fractures will grow into nonplanar geometries. Interaction maps can be applied to fracture networks with multiple discontinuities to analyze the effect of geometric variations on fracture interaction.
Aquifer Mechanical Properties and Decelerated Compaction in Tucson, Arizona
Authors: Miller Megan Marie , Shirzaei Manoochehr , Argus Donald 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn recent decades, high groundwater extraction rates, often coincident with periods of severe drought, result in the widespread decline of water levels. Overexploitation of aquifers also causes land subsidence, which poses a severe threat to infrastructure. Tucson, Arizona experiences land subsidence coupled with the depletion of groundwater, a critical water resource for the desert city. To understand the spatiotemporal evolution of land subsidence and its implications for aquifer properties, we examine long time series of surface deformation and head levels. Measurements at extensometer stations indicate rapid compaction of fine‐grained material up to 8.5 mm/yr from 1990 to 2005, which results in permanent storage volume losses up to 4.1%. The analysis of densely populated sets of interferograms generated from Envisat and RadarSAT C band acquisitions yields multitemporal maps of surface deformation at unprecedented resolution. These maps reveal that subsidence significantly slows by the late 2000s, corresponding with the implementation of artificial recharge efforts. Subsequent to groundwater level recovery, we observe a brief 6.6 year interval of residual compaction, suggesting a high vertical hydraulic conductivity, which is then shown to be up to 9.8 × 10−4 m/d. We also estimate the average elastic and inelastic skeletal storage coefficients for the aquifer system to be 3.78 × 10−3 and 6.01 × 10−3, respectively. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar shows deformation nearly ceases by 2015, likely reducing hazards associated with Earth fissuring and infrastructure damage. This study highlights successful outcomes of water management and conservation plans that preserve existing groundwater reserves and increase artificial recharge.
Improved vessel–tissue contrast and image quality in 3D radial sampling‐based 4D‐MRI
Authors: Deng Zixin , Yang Wensha , Pang Jianing , Bi Xiaoming , Tuli Richard , Li Debiao , Fan Zhaoyang 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPurposeIn radiation treatment planning for thoracic and abdominal tumors, 4D‐MRI has shown promise in respiratory motion characterization with improved soft‐tissue contrast compared to clinical standard, 4D computed tomography (4D‐CT). This study aimed to further improve vessel–tissue contrast and overall image quality in 3D radial sampling‐based 4D‐MRI using a slab‐selective (SS) excitation approach.MethodsThe technique was implemented in a 3D radial sampling with self‐gating‐based k‐space sorting sequence. The SS excitation approach was compared to a non‐selective (NS) approach in six cancer patients and two healthy volunteers at 3T. Improvements in vessel–tissue contrast ratio (CR) and vessel signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) were analyzed in five of the eight subjects. Image quality was visually assessed in all subjects on a 4‐point scale (0: poor; 3: excellent). Tumor (patients) and pancreas (healthy) motion trajectories were compared between the two imaging approaches.ResultsCompared with NS‐4D‐MRI, SS‐4D‐MRI significantly improved the overall vessel–tissue CR (2.60 ± 3.97 vs. 1.03 ± 1.44, P < 0.05), SNR (63.33 ± 38.45 vs. 35.74 ± 28.59, P < 0.05), and image quality score (2.6 ± 0.5 vs. 1.4 ± 0.5, P = 0.02). Motion trajectories from the two approaches exhibited strong correlation in the superior–inferior (0.96 ± 0.06), but weaker in the anterior–posterior (0.78 ± 0.24) and medial–lateral directions (0.46 ± 0.44).ConclusionsThe proposed 4D‐MRI with slab‐selectively excited 3D radial sampling allows for improved blood SNR, vessel–tissue CR, and image quality.
Automated prediction of dosimetric eligibility for hypofractionated prostate radiotherapy
Authors: Lausch Anthony , Lamey Michael , Zeng Grace G. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractClinical implementation of hypofractionated prostate radiotherapy (PROFIT trial, NCT003046759) represents an opportunity to significantly reduce the burden of treatment on the patient and clinic. However, efficacy was only demonstrated among the patient demographic who could meet the trial dose constraints and so it is necessary to emulate this triage step in clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to build a convenient tool to address the challenge of determining patient eligibility for hypofractionated treatment within the clinic. The tool was implemented within the EclipseTM treatment planning system using the scripting environment. Prior to planning a new case, the script computes and displays in a plot the fractional overlap of rectal and bladder wall with the planning target volume. Radial decision boundaries separate the plot into three zones and the new case is then classified as “feasible”, “uncertain”, or “not feasible”. The radial decision boundaries were derived from a retrospective analysis of the overlap values and dosimetric eligibility of 150 patients with intermediate risk prostate cancer. Two‐fold cross validation with repetitions demonstrated an average prediction accuracy of over 90%. The tool has been integrated into our clinical planning workflow to enable early identification of the need for planning consults and rapid a‐priori determination of dosimetric eligibility for hypofractionated radiotherapy. The tool can be readily adopted by other centres since the underlying metrics can be evaluated without scripting if desired.
The Relationship between Online Game Experience and Multitasking Ability in a Virtual Environment
Authors: Chang Yun‐Hsuan , Liu De‐Cyuan , Chen Yong‐Quan , Hsieh Shulan 
Published: October 2017

SummaryOnline game playing has become popular entertainment, yet its relationship with individuals' multitasking ability was inconsistent. Types of online game genre so far have not been compared and may be associated with multitasking abilities. This study proposed to explore the relationships between types of online game playing and multitasking ability, using Edinburgh Virtual Errands Test (EVET). One hundred and sixteen participants playing different online game genres, including multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA), other online game playing, and no‐online game playing were compared. Each participant was required to fill in Chen's Internet Addiction Scale and the Internet Usage Questionnaire and perform EVET and working memory tests. The results showed a positive correlation between multitasking ability and working memory. In addition, a positive association was found between MOBA‐type gaming and multitasking abilities measured by EVET. In conclusion, MOBA‐type gaming compared with other game playing is associated with better multitasking abilities in a virtual environment.Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metal‐Ion (Fe, V, Co, and Ni)‐Doped MnO2 Ultrathin Nanosheets Supported on Carbon Fiber Paper for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Ye Zhiguo , Li Tao , Ma Guang , Dong Yinghu , Zhou Xianliang 
Published: October 2017

AbstractManganese dioxides (MnO2) are considered one of the most attractive materials as an oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrode due to its low cost, natural abundance, easy synthesis, and environmental friendliness. Here, metal‐ion (Fe, V, Co, and Ni)‐doped MnO2 ultrathin nanosheets electrodeposited on carbon fiber paper (CFP) are fabricated using a facile anodic co‐electrodeposition method. A high density of nanoclusters is observed on the surface of the carbon fibers consisting of doped MnO2 ultrathin nanosheets with an approximate thickness of 5 nm. It is confirmed that the metal ions (Fe, V, Co, and Ni) are doped into MnO2, improving the conductivity of MnO2. The doped MnO2 ultrathin nanosheet/CFP and the IrO2/CFP composite electrodes for OER achieve a low overpotential of 390 and 245 mV to reach 10 mA cm−2 in 1 m KOH, respectively. The potential of the doped composite electrode for long‐term OER at a constant current density of 20 mA cm−2 is much lower than that of the pure MnO2 composite electrode.
A Chiral‐Nanoassemblies‐Enabled Strategy for Simultaneously Profiling Surface Glycoprotein and MicroRNA in Living Cells
Authors: Ma Wei , Sun Maozhong , Fu Pan , Li Si , Xu Liguang , Kuang Hua , Xu Chuanlai 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAssemblies of nanomaterials for biological applications in living cells have attracted much attention. Herein, graphene oxide (GO)–gold nanoparticle (Au NP) assemblies are driven by a splint DNA strand, which is designed with two regions at both ends that are complementary with the DNA sequence anchored on the surface of the GO and the Au NPs. In the presence of microRNA (miR)‐21 and epithelial cell‐adhesion molecule (EpCAM), the hybridization of miR‐21 with a molecular probe leads to the separation of 6‐fluorescein‐phosphoramidite‐modified Au NPs from GO, resulting in a decrease in the Raman signal, while EpCAM recognition reduces circular dichroism (CD) signals. The CD signals reverse from negative in original assemblies into positive when reacted with cells, which correlates with two enantiomer geometries. The EpCAM detection has a good linear range of 8.47–74.78 pg mL−1 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.63 pg mL−1, whereas miR‐21 detection displays an outstanding linear range of 0.07–13.68 amol ng−1RNA and LOD of 0.03 amol ng−1RNA. All the results are in good agreement with those of the Raman and confocal bioimaging. The strategy opens up an avenue to allow the highly accurate and reliable diagnosis (dual targets) of clinic diseases.
Structure‐Guided Design and Synthesis of a Mitochondria‐Targeting Near‐Infrared Fluorophore with Multimodal Therapeutic Activities
Authors: Tan Xu , Luo Shenglin , Long Lei , Wang Yu , Wang Dechun , Fang Shengtao , Ouyang Qin , Su Yongping , Cheng Tianmin , Shi Chunmeng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAn urgent challenge for imaging‐guided disease‐targeted multimodal therapy is to develop the appropriate multifunctional agents to meet the requirements for potential applications. Here, a rigid cyclohexenyl substitution in the middle of a polymethine linker and two asymmetrical amphipathic N‐alkyl side chains to indocyanine green (ICG) (the only FDA‐approved NIR contrast agent) are introduced, and a new analog, IR‐DBI, is developed with simultaneous cancer‐cell mitochondrial targeting, NIR imaging, and chemo‐/PDT/PTT/multimodal therapeutic activities. The asymmetrical and amphipathic structural modification renders IR‐DBI a close binding to albumin protein site II to form a drug–protein complex and primarily facilitates its preferential accumulation at tumor sites via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. The released IR‐DBI dye is further actively taken up by cancer cells through organic‐anion‐transporting polypeptide transporters, and the lipophilic cationic property leads to its selective accumulation in the mitochondria of cancer cells. Finally, based on the high albumin‐binding affinity, IR‐DBI is modified into human serum albumin (HSA) via self‐assembly to produce a nanosized complex, which exhibits significant improvement in the cancer targeting and multimodal cancer treatment with better biocompatibility. This finding may present a practicable strategy to develop small‐molecule‐based cancer theranostic agents for simultaneous cancer diagnostics and therapeutics.
Broadband, Ultrafast, Self‐Driven Photodetector Based on Cs‐Doped FAPbI3 Perovskite Thin Film
Authors: Liang Feng‐Xia , Wang Jiu‐Zhen , Zhang Zhi‐Xiang , Wang You‐Yi , Gao Yang , Luo Lin‐Bao 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this study, a high‐performance photodetector comprised of formamidinium cesium lead iodide (FA1−xCsxPbI3) thin film is developed. The Cs‐doped FAPbI3 perovskite material is synthesized through a simple spin‐coating method, via which FA1−xCsxPbI3 with different Cs doping levels (x = 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, and 0.3) can be obtained. Further optoelectronic characterization reveals that the FA0.85Cs0.15PbI3 photodetector exhibits reproducible sensitivity to irradiation with wavelengths in the range from 240 to 750 nm, whereas it is weakly sensitive to wavelengths longer than 750 nm. The responsivity and specific detectivity are estimated to be around 5.7 A W−1 and 2.7 × 1013 cm Hz1/2 W–1, respectively. It is also worth noting that the present perovskite photodetector demonstrates an ultrafast response speed (tr/tf: 45 ns/91 ns) at zero bias voltage, which is probably related to the ultrafast lifetime and high quality of thin film according to the Hall effect study. Finally, this device shows a weak degradation in sensitivity to white light after storage at ambient condition for 45 days. The totality of the broadband sensitivity, high specific detectivity, ultrafast response speed, and self‐driven property renders the FA1−xCsxPbI3 an idea material for high‐performance photodetectors application.
Variable Reaktivität eines N‐heterocyclischen Phosphenium‐Komplexes: P‐C‐Bindungsaktivierung oder “abnormale” Deprotonierung
Authors: Gediga Michael , Schlindwein Simon H. , Bender Johannes , Nieger Martin , Gudat Dietrich 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDie Reaktion eines N‐heterocyclischen Phosphenium‐Mangan‐Komplexes mit MeLi/Et3NHCl unter formaler Addition von CH4 an die Mn‐P‐Doppelbindung kann durch UV‐Bestrahlung rückgängig gemacht werden. Dies liefert ein seltenes Beispiel für eine selektive Aktivierung einer P‐C(Alkyl)‐Bindung. Die Umsetzung des Phosphenium‐Komplexes mit LDA verläuft demgegenüber nicht unter nukleophilem Angriff am Phosphoratom, sondern unter C4‐Deprotonierung und liefert das P‐Analogon eines “abnormalen” Carbens. Ein Transmetallierungsprodukt des ursprünglichen Komplexes wurde vollständig charakterisiert. Die C4‐Metallierung ist auch auf Bisphosphenium‐Komplexe anderer Metalle übertragbar.
Oxidative P‐P‐Bindungsaddition an Cobalt(−I): Bildung eines Low‐spin‐Cobalt(III)‐Phosphanidokomplexes
Authors: Coburger Peter , Demeshko Serhiy , Rödl Christian , Hey‐Hawkins Evamarie , Wolf Robert 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDie oxidative P‐P‐Bindungsaddition eines ortho‐Carboran‐substituierten 1,2‐Diphosphetans an Cobalt(−I) in [K(thf)0.2][Co(η4‐cod)2)] (cod=1,5‐Cycloctadien) ermöglichte die Darstellung des ersten homoleptischen Cobalt(III)‐Phosphanidokomplexes [K(thf)4][Co{1,2‐(PtBu)2C2B10H12}2] (1). Diese Verbindung ist ein seltenes Beispiel eines verzerrt tetraedrisch koordinierten 3d6‐Komplexes mit einem Low‐spin‐Grundzustand. Magnetische Messungen ergaben, dass 1 zwischen 2 und 270 K im Festkörper und bei 298 K in einer [D8]THF‐Lösung diamagnetisch ist. Dichtefunktionalrechnungen zeigten, dass der diamagnetische Grundzustand durch die starken σ‐Donor‐ und die moderaten π‐Donoreigenschaften der Bisphosphanidoliganden verursacht wird.
The Structure of Mn(acac)3—Experimental Evidence of a Static Jahn–Teller Effect in the Gas Phase
Authors: Berger Raphael J. F. , Girichev Georgiy V. , Giricheva Nina I. , Petrova Angelika A. , Tverdova Natalya V. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe structure of free manganese(III) tris(acetylacetonate) [Mn(acac)3] was determined by mass‐spectrometrically controlled gas‐phase electron diffraction. The vapor of Mn(acac)3 at 125(5) °C is composed of a single conformer of Mn(acac)3 in C2 symmetry with the central structural motif of a tetragonal elongated MnO6 octahedron and 47(2) mol % of acetylacetone (Hacac) formed by partial thermal decomposition of Mn(acac)3. Three types of Mn−O separations have been refined (rh1=2.157(16), 1.946(5), and 1.932(5) Å. We have found no indication for a significant deviation of the ‐C−C−C−O−Mn−O‐ six‐membered rings from planarity, which is observed in the solid state.
Variable Reactivity of a N‐Heterocyclic Phosphenium Complex: P−C Bond Activation or “Abnormal” Deprotonation
Authors: Gediga Michael , Schlindwein Simon H. , Bender Johannes , Nieger Martin , Gudat Dietrich 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe reaction of an N‐heterocyclic phosphenium complex of manganese with MeLi/Et3NHCl under formal addition of CH4 to the Mn=P double bond can be reversed upon UV photolysis, providing a rare example for selective P−C(alkyl) bond activation. Action of LDA on the phosphenium complex does not proceed via attack at phosphorus but rather via C4‐deprotonation to yield a unique P‐analogue of an “abnormal” carbene. A transmetalation product of the original complex was fully characterized. The C‐metalation is also applicable to bis‐phosphenium complexes of other metals.
Synthesis and characterization of modified poly(aspartic acid) and its performance as a formaldehyde adsorbent
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zhang Qingshan , Li Yunzheng , Yin Hongquan , Lu Baoping , Shi Huiping 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTA modified poly(aspartic acid) (PASPTU) as an efficient formaldehyde adsorbent is successfully prepared by grafting poly(aspartic acid) (PASP) with threonine and urea. The graft copolymer is characterized by means of nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography. Its formaldehyde adsorbent property is measured. The optimal adsorption process is as follows: synthesis temperature was 40 °C, molar ratio of PSI, threonine, and urea was 1:0.6:0.4 and adsorption time was 3.0 h. In above condition, the formaldehyde adsorbent efficiency of the copolymer was nearly 100% when the PASPTU dosage was 0.5 g. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms are used to study the adsorption process of formaldehyde. The findings show that PASPTU has excellent formaldehyde adsorbent efficiency. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45798.