bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methylation of the HPA axis related genes in men with hypersexual disorder
Authors: Jokinen J. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionHypersexual disorder (HD) defined as non-paraphilic sexual desire disorder with components of impulsivity, compulsivity and behavioral addiction, was proposed as a diagnosis in the DSM-5. Recent research shows some overlapping features between HD and substance use disorder including common neurotransmitter systems and dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function. We have reported that HD was significantly associated to DST non-suppression and higher plasma DST-ACTH levels indicating HPA axis dysregulation in male patients with HD.In this cohort, comprising 54 male patients diagnosed with HD and 33 healthy male volunteers, we aimed to identify HPA-axis coupled CpG-sites, in which modifications of the epigenetic profile are associated with hypersexuality.MethodsWe performed multiple linear regression models of methylation M-values to a categorical variable of hypersexuality in 87 male subjects, adjusting for depression, DST non-suppression status, CTQ total score, and plasma levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6.ResultsSeventy-six individual CpG sites were tested, and four of these were nominally significant (P < 0.05), associated with the genes CRH, CRHR2 and NR3C1. Cg23409074–located 48 bp upstream of the TSS of the CRH gene–was significantly hypomethylated in hypersexual patients after corrections were made for multiple testing using the FDR-method. Methylation levels of cg23409074 were positively correlated with gene expression of the CRH gene in an independent cohort of 11 healthy male subjects. CRH is an important integrator of neuroendocrine stress responses in the brain, modulating behavior and the autonomic nervous system; our results show epigenetic changes in CRH gene related to hypersexual disorder in men.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
The under-diagnosed green-eyed monster: Otello syndrome and how to manage it
Authors: Latecki B. 
Published: June 2017

Otello syndrome derives its name from Shakespeare's drama (character) and, clinically, describes a person with delusions of the partner's infidelity. A variety of other psychopathology may present: obsessive-compulsive features, alcohol dependency, voyeurism, sadism, possessiveness and domineering, hyper-sexuality, paranoid attitude, abuse of different nature, violent behaviour, including, occasionally, homicide. Yet, in the author's opinion, the syndrome, unless it presents itself as obviously absurd, is frequently missed.Management is rather difficult and does not always result in recovery but, if not treated with neuroleptics, it would render any other means of treatment useless. The condition could pose a diagnostic challenge. Moreover, it also poses an ethical dilemma whether to warn the spouse of the psychotic condition of the partner, the poor prognosis and possible implications of its existence. Moreover, the long-term partners of such patients frequently present with the symptoms of dependency, submissiveness or even masochism.The paper discusses the abovementioned issues, including the likely psychodynamics, biological background, historical and social elements and possible effective management.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Sexual dysfunction in obese women
Authors: Sellami R. , Moalla M. , Affes L. , Feki I. , Mnif F. , Abid M. , Masmoudi J. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe increasing prevalence of obesity represents a major public health problem, with can effect on physical and emotional well-being and psychosocial function. Somatic and psychological dysfunctions, such as infertility, osteoarthritis, social disabilities caused by stigmatization, sleeping problems or apnea, are also known to follow obesity. Sexual dysfunction (SD) may also be related to obesity, but is rarely mentioned, and may cause concern for the affected individual and partner, constituting a great problem.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to identify the frequency of SD among obese women.MethodsOur study concerned 42 obese married women consulting in endocrinology department. Obesity was defined by body mass index (BMI) ≥30. All participants assessed a sociodemographic data and the “Female Sexual Function Index” (FSFI). FSFI is a 19-item multidimensional self-reporting measure that quantifies six domains of female sexual dysfunction (FSD), including desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain. Score ≤26 indicate the presence of FSD.ResultsThe mean age was 33.6 years (20 → 47 years). The mean total score of FSFI was 22.5 (3.2 → 32.6). The percentage of SD among obese women was 68.2%. FSFI score was correlated to ancient obesity (P = 0.026; r = 0.347) and waist circumference (P = 0.007; r = 0.412). High socio-economic level was correlated to desire and satisfaction (P = 0.021 and P = 0.048 respectively). Women with high educational level have better blurbification (P = 0.005). FSFI score was not correlated to BMI or obesity class.ConclusionAlmost two-thirds of obese women have sexual dysfunctions. Women with ancient obesity and higher waist circumference seemed to have better sexual functions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Evaluation of dynamics of neurocognitive indicators and pathological craving in patients with dependence on synthetic cannabinoids during use of microwave resonance therapy
Authors: Bokhan N. , Abolonin A.F. , Belokrylov I.I. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundThere is no unequivocal estimation of influence of synthetic cannabinoids on health of the users, their influence on neurocognitive functions and their correction with use of microwave resonance therapy (MRT).ObjectiveTo evaluate dynamics of pathological craving and neurocognitive functions in patients with dependence on synthetic cannabinoids during use of MRT.Materials and methodsThirty-two patients (main group with dependence on synthetic cannabinoids with MRT) and 38 patients (control group with medication and without MRT) were examined. Craving was evaluated with “Drug Craving Scale”; efficiency with CGI. For evaluation of psychophysiological functions we used methods: “number square”, ‘balance-tranquility’, “verbal memory”, “linear visual estimation”, “exclusion of the word”.Results and discussionAfter therapy, stopping of symptoms of pathological craving was observed in the main group as 29.6% as more than in control group, improvement according to CGI as 37.1% as more than in control one. The evaluation of neurocognitive indicators was conducted. Attention: in the main group improved by 11 ± 1.3 points; in control one by 7 ± 3.1 points. Level of activation: in the main group decreased by 16 ± 2.9 points; in control one by 9 ± 3.5 points. Memory in the main group improved by 3 ± 0.21; in control one by 2 ± 0.3 points. Perception: in the main group improved by 1.5 ± 0.2; in control one by 0.8 ± 0.12 points. Thought: in the main group improved by 14.0 ± 1.6; in control one by 6.4 ± 1.1 points. Thus, it was shown that during use of MRT both perception and processing of information, improve in complicated conditions, reduction of pathological craving accelerates.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Exercise addiction: Links, risks and challenges faced
Authors: Lichtenstein M. , Hinze C.J. , Emborg B. , Thomsen F. , Hemmingsen S.D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionExercise addiction is a condition described by a craving for physical training resulting in excessive exercise behaviour and withdrawal symptoms. It has not been accepted as a mental disorder and further research is needed to examine the pathology of the condition.ObjectivesExercise addiction is suggested to have links to other mental disorders and risks in terms of negative consequences such as injuries. Treatment for exercise addiction faces several challenges as the condition is associated with ambivalence, and studies based on controlled interventions are missing.AimsThe aim of this study was to examine and interpret the existing research on links, risks and challenges faced in treatment interventions.MethodsA literature review was conducted in the databases PubMed, PsycINFO and Scopus with the terms: “exercise addiction, excessive exercise” and/or “comorbidity, eating disorder, depression, anxiety, personality, pain, injury, illness, social isolation, stress, intervention, treatment”.ResultsExercise addiction seems to be associated with eating disorder pathology, obsessive-compulsive behaviour and personality traits characterized by perfectionism, narcissism and neuroticism. Overload injuries (e.g. stress fractures) and impaired interpersonal relations are reported. In a treatment context, low compliance is described as a challenge. Thus, motivational interviewing is recommended, and also cognitive behavioural therapy is suggested for treatment. None of these interventions have yet been scientifically evaluated in addicted exercisers.ConclusionThis review concludes that exercise addiction has links to psychopathology and increases the risk of injuries. More research is needed to estimate the level of psychosocial and physiological distress in these athletes. Controlled treatment interventions have to be conducted.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Prescription opioid abuse, addiction and psychopathology in a pain clinic
Authors: Lazcano A.I. López , Ortega L. , Fauli A. , Busquets C. , Lligoña A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThere has been an escalation of therapeutic use and abuse of opioids. Aberrant drug related behaviors (ADRB) have prevalence between 2.8% and 62.2% in chronic pain patients treated with opioids and dependence is estimated around 3.27%.ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of dependence, ADRB, risk of opioid abuse, and co-occurring disorders in patients with chronic pain in our environment.MethodsA total of 115 (n = 115) patients attending our pain clinic were screened to evaluate the risk of opioid abuse and presence of dependence including a clinical interview, hamilton depression scale (HAD), opioid risk tool (ORT), diagnostic criteria for substance abuse and dependence (DSM IV-TR) and a checklist of ADRB.ResultsAmong the patients, 78.26% were taking opioids, aberrant opioid related behaviors were detected in 20% and 8.9% met criteria for abuse or dependence; 11.3% had high risk and 20% moderate risk of opioid abuse (ORT). The most prevalent substance use disorders were sedative (11.3%) and alcohol (5.2%). There was a significant difference in means (t = -3.20 P < 0.005) in ORT scores between patients with current opiod dependence (x = 7.70 [s.d. = 3.07]) and without it (x = 2.88 [s.d = 3.58]); 30.4% had anxiety, 20% depression and 3.5% adjustment disorders; 57.5% and 48.3% had a score > 10 on anxiety and depression respectively on the HAD.ConclusionsA systematic screening of risk of opioid abuse and of dependence as well as psychotherapy to treat comorbid psychopathology should be part of the treatment protocol.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Is methylone a new public health threat in Spain?
Authors: Monteagudo E. , de Dios M. , Trabsa A. , Grifell M. , Galindo L. , Quintana P. , Palma A. , Ventura M. , Sanagustín D. , Pérez S. , Torrens M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionDue to the continuous search for new, legal, less expensive, and more powerful highs by drug users, the synthesis of novel cathinone derivatives has become a fruitful industry, leading to a fast emergence of new alternative substances every year. Methylone (3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylcathinone) is one of the substances that rapidly emerged as the main ingredient of “bath salts”, becoming readily accessible on the Internet. This fact has raised concerns about its potential harmfulness.ObjectivesThe aim of the present study is to analyze the presence of methylone in samples delivered to energy control from 2014 to 2015 in Spain.MethodsA total of 8324 samples were assessed from June 2014 to May 2015. Only those samples acquired as methylone were studied. They were analyzed by energy control, a Spanish harm reduction NGO that offers the possibility of analyzing the substances that users report. Analysis was done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.ResultsTen users reported to have acquired methylone (0.12%). The most used source for acquiring it was the Internet (60%). Other sources included a friend or relative (10%), home-delivered (10%) or undetermined (20%). There was no peak of consume as 50% were acquired in 2014 and 50% in 2015.DiscussionAccording to the results, the presence of methylone in our samples is extremely low. Therefore, despite the fact that methylone monitorization is ought to be carried out, this substance is not expected to be an emerging issue concerning Public Health and no further clinical research should be done.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Identifying and Supporting Children of Mentally Ill Parents within Adult Mental Health Services
Authors: Reedtz C. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundStudies have shown that implementing a change of practice in adult mental health care to identify and support children of mentally ill parents is challenging, even though the risk of transgenerational transmission of socioemotional problems and psychopathology has been thoroughly demonstrated the last decade.AimsThe current presentation describes the existing practice of identifying and supporting children of mentally ill parents within adult mental health services. The study was conducted after Norwegian health legislation had been changed to make these tasks mandatory. The effort included implementation of two interventions; Family Assessment, an intervention for practitioners to increase identification of patients who are also parents and their children, and child talks, an intervention designed to provide support for parents and children within the participating hospital.MethodThe sample included mental health professionals in a large university hospital in Northern Norway, who responded to a web-based survey on the routines of the services, attitudes within the workforce capacity, worker's knowledge on the impact of parental mental illness on children, knowledge on legislation concerning children of patients, and demographic variables. Register data from the Electronic Patient Journals (EPJ) was analyzed to assess whether or not the self-reported routines match the reality in the clinic.DiscussionThe prospects of clinical change will be discussed in general, as well as to which extent the two implemented interventions have contributed to changes in the clinical practice, workforce knowledge and attitudes in the participating hospital.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Toward the Development of New Strategies to Assess the Needs of Children and Adolescents with Severely Mentally Ill Parents
Authors: Abel K. 
Published: June 2017

Up to 10% of mothers and 5% of fathers in Europe have mental illness. Family, educational and social lives of children and adolescents with parental with mental illness (CAPRI) are disrupted by deprivation & repeated hospitalization. This is an urgent political & public health concern: The European Union's CAMHEE report recommends better information on CAPRI risks and resilience and to enable interventions to target the highest risk. This is important because although large numbers of children are in the riskset, most remain resilient. Research needs to support delivery of the CAMHEE initiative by understanding who is at risk and how we can target them early before their life trajectories are fatally disrupted.To do this, we aim to create groundbreaking cross- national datasets providing robust data on CAPRI prevalence & life trajectories needed to plan future services.But epidemiology alone cannot expose how risk creates effects at the individual level. We need to know which CAPRI to target with potentially expensive, time-consuming specialist servicesPowerful neuroscience techniques such as functional near infrared spectroscopy are now available with which we can link epidemiological risk to elucidate effects of exposure within individual infant brain. This unique interdisciplinary approach yokes robust epidemiological evidence to cutting-edge optical imaging that can be undertaken in very young infants.This allows us to target developments in clinical interventions for CAPRI to those in greatest need and potentially to those most vulnerable with the future aim to identify early biomarkers of abnormality for targeting intervention in CAPRI.Disclosure of interestThe author declares that he has no competing interest.
Clinical diagnostic criteria of modern spice addiction
Authors: Sosin I. , Chuev Y. , Misko G. , Goncharova O. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPopulations of spice addicts in Ukraine demonstrate distinct tendency for steady spreading, and transitory psychotic episodes, overdosing and fatal cases are being registered in consequence of smoking. “Spice” are synthetic analogues of tetrahydrocannabinol.Aims and objectivesTo develop an average personified clinical portrait of spice addict for more specified therapy.MethodTwelve patients who consumed spices systematically for 1–2 years were observed. Methods of examination: clinical psychopathological, psychological testing, clinical laboratory.ResultsMain spice addiction diagnostic criteria were: Spice smoking, obsessive and uncontrolled anosognosic desire and craving to test on themselves effects of their action, pathognomonic tolerance increase, specific post-intoxication consequences. After the first smoke inspiration heavy intoxication with euphoria and loss of surrounding real perception, sexual disinhibition and craving to repeat smoking manifested after the first smoke inspiration. Then, spice smoking became subjectively pleasant, caused condition of intoxication with increased mood, fussiness, was accompanied with feeling of hunger, thirst, and hoarse voice. In the patients rather quickly (for 2–3 weeks) twice reduced duration of intoxication state from 40 to 20 minutes, loss of situation and quantitative control over smoking was observed. Clinical specifics of addiction for spices smoking is rather quick (from 5 to 10 trials) formation of psychic equivalent of addiction, extremely intensive and emotionally saturated craving for smoking, quick rise of tolerance with loss of situational and quantitative control over smoking.ConclusionsDefinite rules in the development and formation of spice dependence is necessary to be considered while developing programs for therapy and prevention in clinical narcology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
ASD, SUD and gender
Authors: Van Wijngaarden-Cremers P.J.M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAutism and substance use disorder (SUD) is not the co-morbidity that is commonly considered. Yet these conditions have more commonalities than one would suspect.ObjectiveWe will consider the evidence for co-morbidity between ASD and Addiction (Substance Use Disorders (SUD) and explore the influence of gender.MethodA pilot study of 80 admissions to an adult ASD unit will be presented.ResultsThe co-morbidity ASD and SUD in this study was very high (65% of the inpatients). There were no gender differences in prevalence in total but addiction to medication (32% in woman vs. none in man) and eating disorders (24% in women vs. 9% in man) was far more common in women whereas addiction to drugs (13% in man vs. none in women) was far more common in man.ConclusionsThere are clear indications that a possible co-morbidity of substance abuse disorder should be considered in cases of individuals with autism spectrum disorders. There are no gender differences in prevalence of co-morbidity ASD and SUD in total but addiction to medication and eating disorders seems to be much more common in women whereas addiction to drugs probably more common in man.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Impact of nonideaton states on youth suicide attempts
Authors: Copelan R. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundYouth nonideation suicidality (NIS), distinct from impulsive deliberate-self harm (DSH), is a potential consequence of adjustment disorder (AD) or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) adverse reaction. It is characterized by the absence of transient or enduring ideation. A new measure was constructed to evaluate the impact of NIS on attempt rates.MethodsYouth 8 to 24-years-old were recruited in this case control study. Entry criteria included DSH (n = 50), AD (n = 91), and SSRI (n = 29) emergent events with overt or suspected NIS, worsening of existing or new onset suicidality, or abrupt mental status or behavioral change. Exclusion criteria included sensorimotor deficit or primary depressive disorder. Ratings from the new measure utilized dichotomous as well as outcome scores, and compared to ratings from other validated scales, after controlling for depression and other matched factors.ResultsHigh risk AD and SSRI groups presented with abrupt onset, high lethality attempt, intense motor restlessness, great intra-psychic distress, and irresistable suicidality. AD symptoms overlapped with SSRI presentations. Eighty-one percent of the AD sample reported no ideation; however, 96% made an attempt. For the SSRI group, 52% reported no ideation; however, 95% made an attempt. Sensitivity 80.3%, specificity 98.1%. Internal consistency 0.75 to 0.92. Test-retest scores 0.78 to 0.98, and neurodiagnostic correlations 0.70 to 0.98. Some scores correlated significantly with the “gold standard” Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale.ConclusionNIS is associated with alarmingly high rates of youth suicide attempt. The new neuropsychological measure demonstrates practical screening value in unobvious NIS proposed to represent a heretofore unrecognized neural mechanism.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Resilience and attempted suicide in depressed patients
Authors: Gattoni E. , Gramaglia C. , Marangon D. , Feggi A. , Delicato C. , Di Marco S. , Venesia A. , Zeppegno P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAmong the patients, 6.6% with past-year major depressive disorders attempt suicide in their life. Resilience (the ability to respond positively to adversity) and coping strategies (the ability to manage living stresses) may be protective factors against suicide ideation and behavior. A study conducted on 100 abstinent substance dependent patients suggested that suicide attempters had significantly lower resilience scale scores. Other authors demonstrated that intrinsic religiosity, resilience, quality of life were associated with previous suicide attempts in depressed patients.AimTo examine the correlation among resilience, coping strategies and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics in depressed patients.MethodsFrom December 1st 2014 to December 31st 2015 we recruited inpatients and outpatients aged > 18 years with a diagnosis of depression (current or past). At baseline, patients were assessed with Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale, Resilience Scale for Adult and Brief-COping with problems experienced; sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were gathered. Follow-up was conducted after 1 year in order to assess the possible presence of further depressive episodes and suicide attempts. Analysis was performed with SPSS.Results and discussionData collection are still ongoing; results and implications will be discussed. We expect to find higher attempted suicide rates in patients with lower resilience and less coping strategies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.