Abstract B128: Underlying factors influencing kidney cancer surgical treatment disparities: Patients, non-patient community members and urologists’ perspectives
Authors: Batai Ken , Cruz Alex , Adrover Juan , Larose Daphne , Gomez D'Andre , Gachupin Francine C. , Slowtalker Jacquanette R. , Lee Benjamin R. , Chipollini Juan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background: Racial and ethnic minority patients often delay or forgo kidney cancer (KCa) surgical treatment and have an invasive surgical treatment. This study aimed to understand the underlying factors of KCa surgical treatment disparities through interviews with KCa patients and non-patients from racial and ethnic minority communities in Arizona and online surveys with urologists who practice in the U.S. Methods: We conducted phone interviews with KCa patients (n=13) and interviews at health events with community members without KCa (n=61). Online surveys were conducted with urologists (n=54). Results: Many interview participants had healthcare access issues with 22% reporting not having a primary care doctor and 12% reporting that there was a time when they could not see a doctor because of cost. Almost 50% reported that they had delayed care because they could not get an appointment soon enough. Among 10 patients who responded to a question about diagnosis delay, 4 answered that they waited over a year to see their doctor when they had health issues before their diagnosis. A quarter of community participants (25%) and about a third of patients (31%) reported that cultural values or religious beliefs influenced their choice of treatment. When community participants were asked what they knew about KCa symptoms and treatments, many did not provide relevant or correct information. Only 51% of non-patients reported that they trusted their doctor’s judgements about their medical care, but 92% of patients reported that they trusted their doctor’s judgement. About 30% of urologists reported that patients from racial and ethnic minority backgrounds often have healthcare access challenges, but only 9% responded that NHW patients often have challenges. They did not report that racial and ethnic differences in treatment exist. About 10% of urologists reported socioeconomic backgrounds of patients affect treatment decision and timeliness often or all the time. Only 46% reported that they refer patients to necessary services all the time, when patients express concerns of finance and healthcare access challenges. Many urologists strongly or slightly agreed that treatment decisions should be made by the treating clinicians (82%) and based on clinical information (87%). Many also strongly or slightly agreed that patients and their family members should contribute to decision-making (98%), while 46% strongly or slightly agreed that patients’ cultural and religious backgrounds often affect their treatment choices. In open-ended questions, urologists responded that work and family obligations, healthcare access, and health literacy rather than race and ethnicity are factors influencing treatment, while mistrust was identified as one of factors influencing treatment delay. Conclusions: Barriers to healthcare access, lack of knowledge, and mistrust before diagnosis may be underlying factors among patients, while urologists view healthcare access, social and economic factors, and mistrust influence KCa surgical treatment decision and delay.
Citation Format: Ken Batai, Alex Cruz, Juan Adrover, Daphne Larose, D'Andre Gomez, Francine C. Gachupin, Jacquanette R. Slowtalker, Benjamin R. Lee, Juan Chipollini. Underlying factors influencing kidney cancer surgical treatment disparities: Patients, non-patient community members and urologists’ perspectives [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr B128.