bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VaxBot-HPV: A GPT-based Chatbot for Answering HPV Vaccine-related Questions
Authors: Tao Cui , Li Yiming , Li Jianfu , Li Manqi , Yu Evan , Amith Muhammad , Tang Lu , Savas Lara , Cui Licong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: HPV vaccine is an effective measure to prevent and control the diseases caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV). This study addresses the development of VaxBot-HPV, a chatbot aimed at improving health literacy and promoting vaccination uptake by providing information and answering questions about the HPV vaccine;
Methods: We constructed the knowledge base (KB) for VaxBot-HPV, which consists of 451 documents from biomedical literature and web sources on the HPV vaccine. We extracted 202 question-answer pairs from the KB and 39 questions generated by GPT-4 for training and testing purposes. To comprehensively understand the capabilities and potential of GPT-based chatbots, three models were involved in this study : GPT-3.5, VaxBot-HPV, and GPT-4. The evaluation criteria included answer relevancy and faithfulness;
Results: VaxBot-HPV demonstrated superior performance in answer relevancy and faithfulness compared to baselines (Answer relevancy: 0.85; Faithfulness: 0.97) for the test questions in KB, (Answer relevancy: 0.85; Faithfulness: 0.96) for GPT generated questions;
Conclusions: This study underscores the importance of leveraging advanced language models and fine-tuning techniques in the development of chatbots for healthcare applications, with implications for improving medical education and public health communication.
A Phase/Amplification-Fitted Second-Order BDF-Type Method Using Barycentric Rational Interpolants for Orbital Initial Value Problems
Authors: Karim Ramin Goudarzi , Kiyadeh Sanaz Hami Hassan , Saadat Hosein , Safaie Ali , Khodadosti Fayyaz 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

We propose the design of a second-order Backward Differentiation Formula (BDF-type) method, employing barycentric rational interpolants and enhanced by a novel fitting technique for numerical solutions of second-order initial value problems (IVPs).

Initially, we define barycentric rational interpolants. Subsequently, we develop a second-order BDF-type method with constant coefficients derived from these interpolants. Further, we will adjust two coefficients of the new method using the novel fitting technique. For this purpose, we express the fitting operator of the second-order BDF-type methods in the form of a theorem, which encompasses both the phase lag factor and the amplification factor.

We will analyze the stability regions and local truncation error of the newly developed second-order Backward Differentiation Formula (BDF-type) method, which is based on barycentric rational interpolants. To demonstrate the superiority of this new method in terms of practical results and efficiency, we will present numerical results that include comparisons with several other methods.
Characterization of the Biodegradation Properties of Lignocellulosic Material by Pichia Kudriavzevii Isolated From Cocoa Pod Shell (Theobroma Cacao)
Authors: Jácome Natalia Trujillo , Mendoza Eliana Mendoza , Hurtado Beatriz Elena Padilla 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Utilizing residual lignocellulosic biomass as a raw material for producing various commercially valuable products offers an alternative approach to mitigating the environmental pollution stemming from agro-industrial waste. In this study, a native microbial isolate obtained from the shell of cocoa pod, utilized in silage processes, underwent phenotypic characterization. Taxonomic identification through sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region, specifically ITS4 and ITS5, revealed that the isolate corresponded to the yeast Pichia kudriavzevii. Through qualitative and quantitative screening of lignocellulolytic enzymes, the yeast's capacity for the production of endo- and exo-cellulases, lignin peroxidases, and xylanases was determined. Biodegradation tests of the cocoa pod shell were carried out during a laboratory-scale silage process. In these assays, the degrading capacity of the microorganism in solution was evaluated in comparison to a commercial inoculum and an enzymatic extract of the same yeast. The results of these tests showed that the cocoa pod shell was degraded in different proportions, finding degradation values for lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose of 11%, 18% and 37%, respectively. Pichia kudriavzevii showed an important capacity to contribute to the degradation of the cocoa pod shell.
Valorization of red pitahaya (Hylocereus sp.) peel through a multi-product cascade biorefinery approach towards bioactive food packaging films
Authors: Arroyo-Esqu Laura , Rincón Esther , Jiménez Víctor M. , Vásquez Fabian , Esqu Patricia , Espinosa Eduardo , Rodríguez Alejandro 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study proposes efficient valorization of red pitahaya (Hylocereussp.) peels by separating and purifying their structural and bioactive fractions to produce bioactive films through a multi-product cascade biorefinery approach. The process begins with the extraction of a betalain-rich extract (BET), followed by the separation of pectin (PEC), and finally, the production of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) from the remaining residue. The cumulative yield for the entire cascade process was 75.95 %. All fractions obtained were integrated into PEC-based films reinforced with CNF in the following proportions 5, 15, 30 and 45 % CNF. The films were subsequently subjected to characterization in terms of their physical, chemical and mechanical properties. The optimal mechanical reinforcement effect was observed in films with 45% CNF, which exhibited an increased tensile strength of 20.47 MPa compared to 100% PEC, and higher thermal stability. Therefore, the ratio of 45 % CNF was selected for the addition of the bioactive fraction, which comprised 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40 and 50 % BET. In general, all bioactive films exhibited a compact and uniform structure. Films with higher percentages of BET showed a 50‑70 % increase in water vapor permeability (WVP), which concomitantly reduced their barrier properties and tensile strength to 26.72 MPa, probably due to their hydrophilic nature. Additionally, the inclusion of BET resulted in enhanced wettability, as evidenced by a reduction in water contact angles (36.36 º). The UV light blocking capacity increased (57 % increase) while transparency decreased (43-50 %) with the addition of BET.
Prevalence of parasites in freshwater snails with notes on helminth-associated diseases in Balo-i Lake, Lanao del Norte, Philippines
Authors: ESTANO LEONARDO A. , Bari Johanisah D. , Morilla Lady Jane G. , Estaño Leonardo A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Freshwater snails play crucial roles in aquatic habitats with essential ecosystem functions and services. However, they also serve as intermediate hosts for various parasites that pose risks to human and animal health. This study aimed to identify freshwater snail species with parasite infection and assess parasite prevalence in Balo-i Lake, Lanao del Norte, Philippines. Snail samples were collected from three sites (Power Plant area, Residential area, and Agricultural area) around the lake utilizing the belt transect method, and parasites were identified based on morphological characteristics. Physicochemical parameters were measured to explore their correlation with parasite prevalence. Results revealed a total prevalence rate of 3.78% (95% CI 2.372–5.966) among five freshwater snail species – S. angularis (n = 26), P. acuta (n = 22), M. maculata (n = 81), M. tuberculata (n = 44), and R. quadrasi (n = 5), with notable variations among sampling sites and seasonal variation between wet and dry seasons. M. maculata harbored the most parasites, with three cercarial morphotypes and a nematode. Trematodes were the most abundant parasites, with five morphotypes identified, namely Cercarium cercariae, Gymnocephalous cercariae, Parapleurolophocercous cercaria, Echinostome cercariae, and Strigea cercariae, most of which are produced by intestinal parasites of fish, birds, and mammals. Gymnocephalous cercariae infected most snail individuals (n = 6), but Parapleurolophocercous cercaria was the most common, infecting three snail species across two sampling sites. The residential area has the highest prevalence rate of infection, likely influenced by frequent human activities like bathing, washing clothes, pollution, and the presence of potential hosts such as ducks, amphibians, and mammals in adjacent areas. Weak correlations between parasite prevalence and pH and temperature suggest additional influencing factors. The presence of parasites highlights public health concerns, emphasizing the need for control measures and ecosystem conservation to mitigate disease transmission in the area.
Associations between Dietary Behaviors and Physical Activity and Mental Health Disorders among Chinese Residents Aged 18-60: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: An Ran , Wu Yibo , Liu Xiaobing , Qi Jiale , Xue Yanli , Zhang Zhuoyuan , Zhang Yu , Guo Haoyan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
Our aim was to study the associations of dietary behavior and physical activity intensity with anxiety and depressive symptoms in Chinese adults, as well as their dose‒response relationships.
Method
The data originated from the Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents (PBICR) project. We categorized poor dietary behavior and physical activity intensity based on the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2022) and the IPAQ-7 questionnaire. Poor dietary behavior encompassed five aspects: sugary drink consumption, alcohol intake, skipping breakfast, eating out, and dieting. Physical activity was classified into three levels: low, medium, and high. Ordered logistic regression was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for depressive and anxiety symptoms. A restricted cubic spline analysis further explored the dose‒response relationship between anxiety/depression rates and unhealthy dietary behaviors.
Results
A total of 43.61%, 45.42%, and 52.29% of people with low, moderate and high physical activity levels, respectively, suffer from anxiety. A total of 55.76%, 51.73%, 58.25%, 53.68%, and 64.51% of people with bad eating habits, such as sugary drinks, drinking, skipping breakfast, eating out, suffer from anxiety. Individuals who engage in low, moderate and high levels of physical activity experience depression at a rate of 54.29%, 57.36%, and 63.90%, respectively. Individuals who consumed sugary drinks or alcohol, frequently skipped breakfast, dined out frequently, or were on a diet exhibited depression rates of 68.40%, 62.91%, 65.22%, and 76.22%, respectively. After adjusting for the same variables, the types of unhealthy eating behaviors and levels of physical activity were positively correlated with anxiety: sugary drinks (aOR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.27, 1.41), alcohol consumption (aOR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.21, 1.41), skipping breakfast (aOR = 1.65; 95% CI = 1.51, 1.80), eating out of home (aOR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.09, 1.30), diet (aOR = 1.95; 95% CI = 1.75, 2.16), and physical activity level (mid: aOR = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.95, 1.11; high: aOR = 1.95; 95% CI = 1.36, 1.47), as well as the same changes in depressive moods.
Conclusion
The increasing risk of anxiety and depression is associated with a growing number of unhealthy dietary habits, resulting in a commensurate increase in these mental health concerns.
Novel Estimation of Medical-Device Recalls from Malfunction Reports using Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers
Authors: Ishida Kai 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In Japan, approximately 400 medical-device recalls and more than 10,000 malfunctions are reported each year, leading to 100–200 actual device recalls. Using text mining, we analyzed the medical-device malfunction reports in the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare between 2008 and 2023. We targeted 4,529 cases on generators of cardiac implantable electronic devices, including 363 recalled cases. After mining the contents of problem status and health-damage reports, we attempted to estimate cases resulting in recalls using Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT). For this purpose, we adopted tohoku-BERT, a pre-training model based on Japanese Wikipedia data, UTH-BERT, a pre-training model based on medical records, and JMedRoBERTa, a pre-training model based on medical research papers. We operated a classifier with fine tuning on a dataset annotated with medical-device malfunction reports. The UTH-BERT achieved a recall rate and F2-score of 0.931 and 0.655, respectively, on undersampled data.
Investigating the potential of DL25 Compound as a Novel Anti-Mycobacterial tuberculosis Agent: A comprehensive In Silico and In Vitro Analysis
Authors: Belachew Aweke 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In current time, due to the rapid proliferation of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb),scientists are actively seeking new, safe, and effective compound. So, in silico and in vitro drug screening approaches have been more commonly used for discovery and development of lead compound, and have been proven useful for predicting the target, pharmacokinetics, and toxicities of prospective new compounds. In this study, we investigate the potential of the DL25 compound as a novel anti-mycobacterial agent through a comprehensive in silico and in vitro analysis. And also, identified potential target and possible interaction between DL25 compound and target protein. Computational investigation was conducted by using Deep-PK server, SwissADME server, Molecular docking, and Molecular dynamic simulation. According to computational analysis, ADMET result support safety and bioavailability features of DL25 compound for use as promising lead with further optimization. Furthermore, we identified possible potential DL25 compound targets by screening a group of 100 mycobacterial proteins that are essential for the growth and survival of bacteria. Three of the 100 identified target, LysA (Rv1293), LpdA (Rv3303c), and SecA1 (Rv3240), were strongly proposed as optimal DL25 compound-target for M. tb, of which the first showed the highest comparative binding affinity to DL25 compound. This compound showed promising in vitro activity, which was supported by this in silico study.
Radiation risk perception, breast cancer anxiety, and mental distress among women who participated in breast cancer screening programs in Minamisoma City: Five years after Fukushima's 2011 triple disaster
Authors: Takahashi Ryo , Nashimoto Mika , Ozaki Akihiko , Murakami Michio , kaneda Yudai , Yamamoto Chika , Ito Naomi , Saito Hiroaki , Sawano Toyoaki , Hori Arinobu , Yasui Ayu , Gonda Kenji , Wada Masahiro , Tachibana Kazunoshin , Ohtake Tohru , Tsubokura Masaharu , Ohira Hiromichi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to examine the extent of mental distress among women undergoing breast cancer screening in areas affected by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster and to clarify the relationships between radiation risk perception, breast cancer anxiety, and mental distress among this population.
Methods
A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted on 479 women visiting two core hospitals located more than 20 km north of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant for breast cancer screening. The questionnaire comprehensively assessed knowledge about breast cancer, risk perception related to breast cancer and radiation exposure, and mental distress. Descriptive analysis of the obtained variables was performed, and regression models for radiation risk perception, breast cancer anxiety, and mental distress were constructed to explore the relationships between these three main outcomes.
Results
The survey revealed that 47.4% of the women reported moderate mental distress. Participants who believed they had a high probability of developing breast cancer later in life under their current radiation exposure status showed significantly higher odds of experiencing breast cancer anxiety (OR 2.99, 95% CI 1.76-5.08) and mental distress (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.19-2.59), though breast cancer anxiety itself was not significantly associated with mental distress.
Conclusion
The study found that about half of the surveyed women experienced moderate mental distress five years after the disaster. The results suggest that mental distress is heightened by radiation risk perception and underlying general health concerns, rather than specific factors like breast cancer anxiety.
Enhancing Security in Cloud Native Applications: A Blockchain-Based Approach for Container Image Integrity
Authors: Soni Arpita , Arora Rajeev , Kumar Anoop 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study shows the analysis on how important it is to keep data safe, especially in new types of computer programs called "Cloud Native Applications". These apps are made quickly and automatically, but sometimes they are not as safe as they should be. The study looks at using blockchain, a special kind of technology, to make a system that keeps track of problems in these apps. During the research, the study looks closely at how well the blockchain system works. It checks if it can help make cloud native apps safer. The study looks at the main parts of these apps, called "container images" to look for any problems. The research also shows that there are big safety issues, especially with container images that stick around for a long time. This is happening because cloud native apps are made fast, and safety often gets overlooked. The study suggests using blockchain to fix these safety problems. Blockchain can make a list of all the issues with cloud native apps, and it cannot be changed or hidden, this makes it easier for everyone involved to see what's wrong and work together to fix it. We also look at how well the blockchain system works in real situations. By studying the data collected, the study gives useful information to people who want to make their cloud native apps safer.
Minimally Invasive Surgery in Gastrointestinal Disease: A Review of the Role of Robotic and Virtual Reality Technologies
Authors: Hamza Naeem , Ahmed Nuaman , Zainaba Naeema 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: The integration of robotic systems and virtual reality technologies in gastrointestinal surgery has transformed the field, offering improved precision, reduced morbidity, and enhanced patient outcomes. However, several key concerns remain unaddressed, including the high upfront costs and maintenance requirements of these advanced technologies, which may limit their adoption in low-resource settings and exacerbate existing healthcare disparities.
Methods: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of laparoscopic and robot-assisted surgeries in gastrointestinal surgery, highlighting the benefits and limitations of these advanced technologies.
Results: The review explores the potential future of minimally invasive surgery, including the need for cost-effectiveness analyses, strategies for increasing accessibility in low-resource settings, and targeted training programs to support surgeons in transitioning to these advanced systems.
Conclusions: The review concludes with specific recommendations for clinical practice and further research, emphasizing the importance of a balanced view of the advancements in laparoscopic and robot-assisted surgeries.
Enhancing Lithium Exploration in the Borborema Province, Northeast Brazil: Integrating Airborne Geophysics, Low-Density Geochemistry, and Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Silva Guilherme Ferreira da , Correa Raphael Teixeira , de Almeida Rogério Celestino 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The increasing demand for lithium, driven by its essential role in renewable energy technologies, implies the development of innovative exploration techniques. This study applies Random Forest regression integrated with low-density geochemistry and airborne gamma-ray data to enhance the resolution and accuracy of lithium concentration maps in soils across the Borborema Province, North-east Brazil. Our methodology not only refines the mapping of lithium distributions but also identifies potential lithium-rich zones within established and underexplored areas. The predictive model successfully delineates regions with high lithium content (up to 70 ppm), aligning these with known geological features and pegmatite occurrences, thereby validating the model's robustness despite some challenges in predicting extreme values. The research highlights the presence of lithium beyond traditional pegmatite deposits, suggesting a broader geological context for lithium mineralization. Our findings encourage strategic targeting of exploration efforts, which can lead to more economical mining practices. This study demonstrates the potential of integrating advanced data analytics with traditional geological methods to improve the efficiency and reach of lithium exploration, supporting the global transition towards renewable energy sources. Future work should enhance model accuracy, especially at extreme concentration levels, and expand the model's application to other regions with similar geological settings.
Study of the prevalence of dental floss use among dental students at Al-Sham Private University
Authors: Najati Ghena , ALTOMA MUSTAFA MOHAMMED TAHA , ZAIFALLAH JONI NASER 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Dental floss is an important part of oral health care. However, its use among dental students remains unknown precisely.
Objectives
This study aims to assess the prevalence of dental floss use among dental students at Al-Sham Private University, and to identify the factors affecting this use.
Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 114 students during the period from January 2024 to July 2024 at Al-Sham Private University, and the random sampling method was used. Data were collected from students between May 2024 and June 2024. The sample size was selected after consulting statistical experts and physicians, headed by Dr. Ghina Najati. In this study, we based on a previous study conducted in 2022 at Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan, in which the prevalence of dental floss use was approximately 34.35%.
Results
This study showed that among 114 participants, 61 male and female students used dental floss with a prevalence rate of 53.51%, and that there were no statistically significant differences between the participants' average performance on the Dental Floss Use scale attributed to the gender variable. This study also indicated that the use of dental floss according to the academic year variable was in favor of fifth-year students (30.36%), and that the use of dental floss according to the age variable was in favor of students aged over 25 years (36.50%).
Recommendations:
This study provided important insights that will help in developing educational and awareness strategies to promote the use of dental floss among dental students, which will positively reflect on their future practice as dentists and on their patients' health. This study may contribute to improving medical education curricula to promote awareness of the importance of comprehensive oral and dental care.