bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in Dyspnea Status During Hospitalization and Postdischarge Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure: Findings From the EVEREST Trial
Authors: Ambrosy Andrew P. , Khan Hassan , Udelson James E. , Mentz Robert J. , Chioncel Ovidiu , Greene Stephen J. , Vaduganathan Muthiah , Subacuis Haris P. , Konstam Marvin A. , Swedberg Karl , Zannad Faiez , Maggioni Aldo P. , Gheorghiade Mihai , Butler Javed 
Published: May 2016

Background—
Dyspnea is the most common symptom among hospitalized patients with heart failure and represents a therapeutic target. However, the association between short-term dyspnea relief and postdischarge clinical outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) remains uncertain.

Methods and Results—
A post hoc analysis was performed of the Efficacy of Vasopressin Antagonism in Heart Failure: Outcome Study with Tolvaptan (EVEREST) trial, which enrolled 4133 patients within 48 hours of admission for heart failure with an ejection fraction ≤40%. Physician-assessed dyspnea was recorded on a daily basis from baseline until discharge or day 7 as none, seldom, frequent, or continuous. Patient-reported dyspnea was measured using a 7-point Likert scale, and patients experiencing moderate or marked dyspnea improvement on day 1 were classified as early responders. The Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire summary score, which ranges from 0 to 100, was collected postdischarge at week 1. The primary outcome was unfavorable HRQOL, defined a priori as a Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score <45. Secondary outcomes included 30-day all-cause mortality, and all-cause and cause-specific hospitalizations. The final analytic cohort included 1567 patients discharged alive with complete HRQOL data. Patients were 66.0±12.7 years old and had a mean ejection fraction of 25±8%. Physician-assessed dyspnea was rated as frequent or continuous in 1399 patients (90%) at baseline, which decreased to 250 patients (16%) by discharge, whereas patient-reported early dyspnea relief was reported by 610 patients (40%). The median Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score at week 1 was 50 (35, 65). All-cause mortality was 3.0%, and all-cause hospitalization was 20.5% within 30 days of discharge. Physician-assessed and patient-reported dyspnea was not independently associated with HRQOL, all-cause mortality, or all-cause or cause-specific hospitalization.

Conclusions—
In-hospital physician-assessed, and patient-reported dyspnea was not independently associated with postdischarge HRQOL, survival, or readmissions. Although dyspnea relief remains a goal of therapy for hospitalized patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, this measure may not be a reliable surrogate for long-term patient-centered or hard clinical outcomes.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00071331.
The Social Networks of Chinese Students Studying in France (中国留学生在法国的社会关系)
Authors: Carnine Julia 
Published: May 2016

Today close to one third of the world’s internationally mobile student population is from China, and as the trend for Chinese to study abroad grows exponentially, newer destination countries are added, some of them non-Anglophone, such as France. Regardless of where they study, Chinese students have a reputation for sticking together when abroad and for not mixing with locals. Yet what types of relationship actually come into being now that Chinese are going abroad in such unprecedented numbers? This paper is based on a broader empirical study conducted in 2011-12 from fieldwork in France, the United States, and China (N = 180) and again in 2015 in France (N = 10). The study uses a mixed-method approach based on quantitative Social Network Analysis (sna) and 25 qualitative interviews to analyze the composition of students’ social networks. The paper focuses on Chinese studying in France (N = 55). By examining different types of relationships, how they are initiated, and how resources are shared, the paper discusses how internationally mobile Chinese students interact socially, on the one hand with non-Chinese (French nationals or other international persons) and, on the other, with local Chinese immigrants. The results show that students form strong co-national relationships among themselves but not with established ethnic and migrant Chinese communities in France. As for transnational relationships, individual will and the institutional frameworks for studying abroad that underpin language and accommodation choices are found to play crucial roles in fostering local contacts with non-Chinese.今天跨国流动的学生总人数中有三分之一来自中国。然而，中国留学生有自我封闭，不同所在国当地人交往的名声。由此提出了在庞大的海外中国留学生群体中，他们的社会关系类型的问题。基于社会网络分析 (sna) 方法，我们于 2011-12 年在法国，美国和中国，2015 年在法国进行的实证研究，运用混合方法来分析中国留学生的社会网络构成。本文侧重分析中国留学生样本 (N = 55) 在法国的情况，讨论中国留学生内部，他们与其他国际学生，他们并与当地华人移民的社会交往互动。结果表明中国留学生内部之间频繁的合作关系起着关键作用，但它并不属于传统上意义上的海外华人网络。中国留学生跨国关系的形成有赖于他们的个人意愿和留学制度框架，并对他们同当地非华人的接触交往起到了至关重要的促进作用。This article is in Chinese Language
Chinese Student Migrants and American Religious Organizations (中国留学生移民与美国宗教信仰团体)
Authors: Liu Lisong 
Published: May 2016

China has been among the top nations sending international students to the United States, and there many American religious organizations have served Chinese student migrants on and off campus. This article examines these organizations’ missions and strategies for recruiting Chinese students and the students’ varying responses. It also discusses the role of these organizations in Chinese migrant communities, especially concerning migrants’ ethnic identity, community building, and local integration. The analysis is based on extensive interviews with both student migrants and the leaders of religious organizations in a Midwestern American city, as well as on participant observation in various programs of these organizations. Highlighting the historical context of the four waves of Chinese student migration since 1978, this article argues that there is no single pattern of students’ relations with religion (particularly Christianity, in the case of this study), and their experience is not necessarily a story of one-way religious conversion but part of broader cultural engagement and transformation for both student migrants and American religious organizations. This cultural interaction has important implications, given the current surge of Chinese travelling and migrating to the United States and the opportunities and challenges forus-China relations in this new era of China’s rise.中国是在美外国留学生最大的输出国之一，在美国校园内外也有很多宗教信仰团体服务这些中国留学生。本文考察这些团体招收和接触中国学生的宗旨和策略，学生们对此不同的回应，以及这些团体在中国移民社区中的作用，特别是在社区建设，身份认同和当地融入方面的影响。分析主要基于在美国中西部一个城市的调查，包括对学生移民和宗教信仰团体领导者的采访和对相关活动的参与式观察。本文突出1978年后四次中国留学生移民浪潮的历史环境，揭示学生们与宗教间（基督教是本文主要考察对象）的关系没有一个单一的模式。她们的经历也不一定是一种单向的宗教皈依； 更好的办法是将其看成一种更广泛意义上的对学生移民和美国宗教信仰团体同样适用和有效的文化对话和转化。这种文化互动在当下中国人到美国旅游和移民数量的剧增，及在中国崛起新形势下中美关系所面对的机遇和挑战的背景下更是意义深远。
On Early Russian Reception of Mikhail Bakhtin’s Work
Authors: Dolgorukova Natalia M. 
Published: May 2016

“The whole history of Russian thought during the Soviet period was a history with missing chapters”.1 One of such missing chapters is a history of the Soviet reception of the corpus of work created by Mikhail M. Bakhtin, Soviet thinker and literary critic (1895—1975).
The history of the Soviet reception of Bakhtin’s ideas has not been written yet and there are no works on the subject. There is Zbinden’s book,2 which deals with research about some particular cases of Bakhtin studies in Canada and in French translations. Despite the fact that in the 1960–1980s the «theory of carnival» became, in the words of S.S. Averintsev, a «regular classic» and the subject of citation for any specialists in the humanities, the reception of Bakhtin’s ideas in the Soviet Union was not successful: all of his contemporaries and conversation partners could not come into proper contact with the Soviet thinker. The present working paper is an attempt to reconstruct one case from the history of the Soviet reception of Bakhtin’s heritage, using the works of Vladimir N. Turbin (1927—1993) as an example. The study examines Turbin’s books A Short While Before Aquarius: A Farewell to Epos and his articles from different years (including those published posthumously), relating to Bakhtin, his life, theories, ideas and books. All these works will answer the question why the Soviet reception of Bakhtinʼs heritage in the 1960–1970 did not take place, and why the book, which Turbin wanted to write about his teacher, has not been written.
A new species of cardinalfish (Gymnapogon, Gymnapogonini, Apogonidae, Percomorpha) from the Philippines
Authors: FRASER THOMAS H. 
Published: May 2016

The new species is consistent with Gymnapogon, a distinct genus having one to three spines on the preopercle edge, fused hypurals (parhypural+1+2 and 3+4+terminal central), a free fifth hypural, two epurals, no supraneurals, scaleless head and body, a single rod-like postcleithrum and complex lines of free neuromasts on the head, body and caudal fin. The new species is distinguished by having a combination of a rounded caudal with 15 branched principal caudal-fin rays, 2 unbranched principal caudal-fin rays, 10 soft dorsal rays with the anterior two rays unbranched, 9 or 10 anal rays with the first ray unbranched and 14 pectoral rays the lower three and upper two unbranched. Nominal species Gymnapogon annona, G. foraminosus, G. japonicus, G. urospilotus and G. vanderbilti have 9 or 10 soft dorsal, 9 or 10 anal rays and 12 to 14 pectoral rays, the lower two and upper two unbranched. Gymnapogon africanus, G. melanogaster and G. philippinus have 9 soft dorsal rays, the first ray unbranched and 8 soft anal rays, the first ray branched. Gymnapogon japonicus has a rounded caudal fin with 13, 14 or 15 branched principal caudal rays. Gymnapogon africanus, G. annona, G. melanogaster, G. philippinus, G. urospilotus and G. vanderbilti have a forked caudal fin with 13 branched principal caudal rays and 2 unbranched upper and lower principal caudal rays. A single preopercle spine distinguishes the new species from the single bifid-like preopercle spine shared by Gymnapogon annona, G. melanogaster and undescribed forms. The wide-spread B-marked species complex made up of Gymnapogon urospilotus, G. vanderbilti and undescribed forms have at least one small upper preopercle spine in addition to the larger single spine near the angle of the preopercle.
Daytime Cirrus Cloud Top-of-the-Atmosphere Radiative Forcing Properties at a Midlatitude Site and Their Global Consequences
Authors: Campbell James R. , Lolli Simone , Lewis Jasper R. , Gu Yu , Welton Ellsworth J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractOne year of continuous ground-based lidar observations (2012) is analyzed for single-layer cirrus clouds at the NASA Micro Pulse Lidar Network site at the Goddard Space Flight Center to investigate top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) annual net daytime radiative forcing properties. A slight positive net daytime forcing is estimated (i.e., warming): 0.07–0.67 W m−2 in sample-relative terms, which reduces to 0.03–0.27 W m−2 in absolute terms after normalizing to unity based on a 40% midlatitude occurrence frequency rate estimated from satellite data. Results are based on bookend solutions for lidar extinction-to-backscatter (20 and 30 sr) and corresponding retrievals of the 532-nm cloud extinction coefficient. Uncertainties due to cloud undersampling, attenuation effects, sample selection, and lidar multiple scattering are described. A net daytime cooling effect is found from the very thinnest clouds (cloud optical depth ≤ 0.01), which is attributed to relatively high solar zenith angles. A relationship involving positive/negative daytime cloud forcing is demonstrated as a function of solar zenith angle and cloud-top temperature. These properties, combined with the influence of varying surface albedos, are used to conceptualize how daytime cloud forcing likely varies with latitude and season, with cirrus clouds exerting less positive forcing and potentially net TOA cooling approaching the summer poles (not ice and snow covered) versus greater warming at the equator. The existence of such a gradient would lead cirrus to induce varying daytime TOA forcing annually and seasonally, making it a far greater challenge than presently believed to constrain the daytime and diurnal cirrus contributions to global radiation budgets.
Stationary Sea Surface Height Anomalies in Cyclonic Boundary Currents: Conservation of Potential Vorticity and Deviations from Strict Topographic Steering
Authors: Broomé Sara , Nilsson Johan 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn high-latitude subpolar seas, such as the Nordic seas and the Labrador Sea, time-mean geostrophic currents mediate the bulk of the meridional oceanic heat transport. These currents are primarily encountered along the continental slopes as intense cyclonic boundary currents, which, because of the relatively weak stratification, should be strongly steered by the bottom topography. However, analyses of hydrographic and satellite altimetric data along depth contours in Nordic seas boundary currents reveal some remarkable, stationary, along-stream variations in the depth-integrated buoyancy and bottom pressure. A closer examination shows that these variations are linked to changes in steepness and curvature of the continental slope. To examine the underlying dynamics, a steady-state model of a cyclonic stratified boundary current over a topographic slope is developed in the limit of small Rossby numbers. Based on potential vorticity conservation, equations for the zeroth- and first-order pressure and buoyancy fields are derived. To the lowest order, the flow is completely aligned with the bottom topography. However, the first-order results show that where the lowest-order flow increases (decreases) its relative vorticity along a depth contour, the first-order pressure and depth-integrated buoyancy increase (decrease). This response is associated with cross-isobath flows, which induce stretching/compression of fluid elements that compensates for the changes in relative vorticity. The model-predicted along-isobath variations in pressure and depth-integrated buoyancy are comparable in magnitude to the ones found in the observational data from the Nordics Seas.
Real-time telerehabilitation for the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions is effective and comparable to standard practice: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cottrell Michelle A , Galea Olivia A , O’Leary Shaun P , Hill Anne J , Russell Trevor G 
Published: May 2016

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment delivered via real-time telerehabilitation for the management of musculoskeletal conditions, and to determine if real-time telerehabilitation is comparable to conventional methods of delivery within this population. Data sources: Six databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, PEDro, psycINFO, CINAHL) were searched from inception to November 2015 for literature which reported on the outcomes of real-time telerehabilitation for musculoskeletal conditions. Review methods: Two reviewers screened 5913 abstracts where 13 studies ( n = 1520) met the eligibility criteria. Methodological quality was assessed using the Downs & Black ‘Checklist for Measuring Quality’ tool. Results were pooled for meta-analysis based upon primary outcome measures and reported as standardised mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Aggregate results suggest that telerehabilitation is effective in the improvement of physical function (SMD 1.63, 95%CI 0.92-2.33, I2=93%), whilst being slightly more favourable (SMD 0.44, 95%CI 0.19-0.69, I2=58%) than the control cohort following intervention. Sub-group analyses reveals that telerehabilitation in addition to usual care is more favourable (SMD 0.64, 95%CI 0.43-0.85, I2=10%) than usual care alone, whilst treatment delivered solely via telerehabilitation is equivalent to face-to-face intervention (SMD MD 0.14, 95% CI −0.10–0.37, I2 = 0%) for the improvement of physical function. The improvement of pain was also seen to be comparable between cohorts (SMD 0.66, 95%CI −0.27–1.60, I2=96%) following intervention. Conclusions: Real-time telerehabilitation appears to be effective and comparable to conventional methods of healthcare delivery for the improvement of physical function and pain in a variety of musculoskeletal conditions.
Efficacy and Safety of a Colistin Loading Dose, High-Dose Maintenance Regimen in Critically Ill Patients With Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Pneumonia
Authors: Elefritz Jessica L. , Bauer Karri A. , Jones Christian , Mangino Julie E. , Porter Kyle , Murphy Claire V. 
Published: May 2016

Introduction: Emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative (GN) pathogens and lack of novel antibiotics have increased the use of colistin, despite unknown optimal dosing. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a colistin loading dose, high-dose (LDHD) maintenance regimen in patients with MDR-GN pneumonia. Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was performed comparing critically ill patients with MDR-GN pneumonia pre- and postimplementation of a colistin LDHD guideline with a primary outcome of clinical cure. Safety was assessed using incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) based on RIFLE (risk, injury, failure, loss, end-stage renal disease) criteria. Results: Seventy-two patients met the inclusion criteria (42 preimplementation and 30 postimplementation). Clinical cure was achieved in 23 (55%) patients in the preimplementation group and 20 (67%) patients in the postimplementation group ( P = .31). AKI occurred in 50% of the patients during the preimplementation period and 58% during the postimplementation period ( P = .59) with no difference in initiation rates of renal replacement therapy. Conclusion: The increased clinical cure rate after implementation of the colistin LDHD guideline did not reach statistical significance. The LDHD guideline, however, was not associated with an increased incidence of AKI, despite higher intravenous colistin doses. Opportunity exists to optimize colistin dosage while balancing toxicity, but larger studies are warranted.
From Game Design to Service Design
Authors: Klapztein Sol , Cipolla Carla 
Published: May 2016

Background. Game designers have long been developing strategies to foster engagement, pleasure and a variety of sensations in game experiences, increasingly applying their research to areas beyond games. This has led to a growing recognition of the use of game elements in non-game settings. In parallel, service designers have been seeking to improve user experience and engagement in services. Method. Drawing on relevant literature about game design, the authors develop a framework that gathers a variety of game design research endeavors to form a practical tool to support service development from a user experience perspective. Its application is exemplified and simulated in a methodological approach to Action Design Research on a selected service. Results. The service is then analyzed and compared ‘before and after’ the utilization of the framework, with no measurement of results. At last, a simplified method to gamify services, the GSF Application Model, is presented, Conclusions. This article presents and describes the development of the Gamification Service Framework, an IT artifact designed to solve a class of problems related to the service field: the gamification of services. The central aim is to provide a new tool for service designers to use game design concepts in their practices, by structuring services in an analogous way to games.
Self-Reported Quality of Life and Symptom Burden in Ambulatory Patients With Multiple Myeloma on Disease-Modifying Treatment
Authors: Kiely Fiona , Cran Alison , Finnerty Deirdre , O’Brien Tony 
Published: May 2016

Background: Knowledge of health-related quality of life (QoL) of patients with multiple myeloma on disease-modifying treatments is limited. Aim: (1) Determine symptom prevalence in patients with multiple myeloma on disease-modifying treatment. Identify the range and nature of these symptoms within the dimensions of physical, psychological, social, and financial well-being. (2) Measure self-reported QoL. (3) Compare the above-mentioned parameters to the general population and patients with advanced cancer. Method: Adults with multiple myeloma on disease-modifying treatment, attending the hematology day unit in a tertiary referral center from November 2012 to January 2013, were eligible for inclusion in a cross-sectional quantitative survey. Consenting patients completed 2 validated questionnaires, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) supplemented by the myeloma-specific module (EORTC QLQ-MY20) and the Hospital Anxiety Depression Score (HADS). Results: Forty-one patients were included for analysis: 59% were male and 41% were female. Mean age was 63.7 years (range 46-86, standard deviation 11.24). The QoL scores were significantly lower than the general population and comparable to those with advanced cancer. The most commonly reported physical symptoms were pain (66%), fatigue (63%), and dyspnea (51%). About 54% of the patients were burdened by financial worries. Anxiety (30%) and depression (37%) were prevalent. Conclusion: Patients with myeloma on disease-modifying treatment have a lower QoL than the general population and are symptomatic across physical, psychological, financial, and social domains. A holistic approach to patient care is warranted, and patients may benefit from specialist palliative care input.
Hypercalcaemia in cats
Authors: Finch Natalie C 
Published: May 2016

Practical relevance: Calcium is essential for many normal physiological processes within the body. Aberrations in calcium homeostasis leading to hypercalcaemia can result in clinical signs such as polyuriav and polydipsia, lethargy and weakness due to depressed excitability of muscle and nervous tissue, and gastrointestinal (GI) signs due to effects on GI smooth muscle. Hypercalcaemia in cats is mostly idiopathic, with chronic kidney disease and neoplasia also being common causes. Clinical challenges: Hypercalcaemia can be a diagnostic challenge and a good understanding of the regulation of calcium homeostasis can aid in interpreting results of diagnostic tests. Furthermore, the management approach may depend on the underlying cause of hypercalcaemia, and also its severity and chronicity. Audience: This review offers a comprehensive discussion of the regulation of calcium homeostasis, with a focus on the normal response to hypercalcaemia. It also discusses the diagnostic approach to, and management of, hypercalcaemia in cats, as well as specific aetiologies. This is relevant to all clinicians working with feline patients. Evidence base: The review draws evidence from peer-reviewed publications and also the author’s own clinical experience.