bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Speaking language? The politics of language and power in Saga
Authors: Gartley Elizabeth 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Linguists like to joke that a language is a ‘dialect with an army and navy’, a suggestion which takes on even greater meaning within the universe of Saga, where the strongest military powers speak a dialect known as Language. This analysis explores the power of language in Saga, the continuing series by Brian K. Vaughan and Fiona Staples. The series uses the graphic-verbal medium of comics to draw special attention to the use of language and to portray linguistic power dynamics within the story. This analysis will first discuss the depiction of linguistic identity and multilingualism in Saga through the use of lettering, discourse and constructed language. The second portion of this analysis will examine two characters through their use of language, artistic representation and lettering: a power holder seeking to maintain power, Prince Robot IV, and a talking animal who subverts power structures with a one-word vocabulary, Lying Cat.
Estimating join selectivities using bandwidth-optimized kernel density models
Authors: Kiefer Martin , Heimel Max , Breß Sebastian , Markl Volker 
Published: October 2017

Accurately predicting the cardinality of intermediate plan operations is an essential part of any modern relational query optimizer. The accuracy of said estimates has a strong and direct impact on the quality of the generated plans, and incorrect estimates can have a negative impact on query performance. One of the biggest challenges in this field is to predict the result size of join operations.Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) is a statistical method to estimate multivariate probability distributions from a data sample. Previously, we introduced a modern, self-tuning selectivity estimator for range scans based on KDE that out-performs state-of-the-art multidimensional histograms and is efficient to evaluate on graphics cards. In this paper, we extend these bandwidth-optimized KDE models to estimate the result size of single and multiple joins. In particular, we propose two approaches: (1) Building a KDE model from a sample drawn from the join result. (2) Efficiently combining the information from base table KDE models.We evaluated our KDE-based join estimators on a variety of synthetic and real-world datasets, demonstrating that they are superior to state-of-the art join estimators based on sketching or sampling.
Transportation and the Environment
Authors: Littlefield Douglas R. 
Published: October 2017

Some histories of California describe nineteenth-century efforts to reclaim the extensive swamplands and shallow lakes in the southern part of California's San Joaquin Valley – then the largest natural wetlands habitat west of the Mississippi River – as a herculean venture to tame a boggy wilderness and turn the region into an agricultural paradise. Yet an 1850s proposition for draining those marshes and lakes primarily was a scheme to improve the state's transportation. Swampland reclamation was a secondary goal.
Transport around the time of statehood in 1850 was severely lacking in California. Only a handful of steamboats plied a few of the state's larger rivers, and compared to the eastern United States, roads and railroads were nearly non-existent. Few of these modes of transportation reached into the isolated San Joaquin Valley. As a result, in 1857 the California legislature granted an exclusive franchise to the Tulare Canal and Land Company (sometimes known as the Montgomery franchise, after two of the firm's founders). The company's purpose was to connect navigable canals from the southern San Joaquin Valley to the San Joaquin River, which entered from the Sierra Nevada about half way up the valley. That stream, in turn, joined with San Francisco Bay, and thus the canals would open the entire San Joaquin Valley to world-wide commerce. In exchange for building the canals, the Montgomery franchise could collect tolls for twenty years and sell half the drained swamplands (the other half was to be sold by the state). Land sales were contingent upon the Montgomery franchise reclaiming the marshes.
Wetlands in the mid-nineteenth century were not viewed as they are today as fragile wildlife habitats but instead as impediments to advancing American ideals and homesteads across the continent. Moreover, marshy areas were seen as major health menaces, with the prevailing view being that swampy regions’ air carried infectious diseases.
The organic anion transporter SLCO2A1 constitutes the core component of the Maxi‐Cl channel
Authors: Sabirov Ravshan Z , Merzlyak Petr G , Okada Toshiaki , Islam Md Rafiqul , Uramoto Hiromi , Mori Tomoko , Makino Yumiko , Matsuura Hiroshi , Xie Yu , Okada Yasunobu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe maxi‐anion channels (MACs) are expressed in cells from mammals to amphibians with ~60% exhibiting a phenotype called Maxi‐Cl. Maxi‐Cl serves as the most efficient pathway for regulated fluxes of inorganic and organic anions including ATP. However, its molecular entity has long been elusive. By subjecting proteins isolated from bleb membranes rich in Maxi‐Cl activity to LC‐MS/MS combined with targeted siRNA screening, CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated knockout, and heterologous overexpression, we identified the organic anion transporter SLCO2A1, known as a prostaglandin transporter (PGT), as a key component of Maxi‐Cl. Recombinant SLCO2A1 exhibited Maxi‐Cl activity in reconstituted proteoliposomes. When SLCO2A1, but not its two disease‐causing mutants, was heterologously expressed in cells which lack endogenous SLCO2A1 expression and Maxi‐Cl activity, Maxi‐Cl currents became activated. The charge‐neutralized mutant became weakly cation‐selective with exhibiting a smaller single‐channel conductance. Slco2a1 silencing in vitro and in vivo, respectively, suppressed the release of ATP from swollen C127 cells and from Langendorff‐perfused mouse hearts subjected to ischemia–reperfusion. These findings indicate that SLCO2A1 is an essential core component of the ATP‐conductive Maxi‐Cl channel.
Elementos de una propuesta metodológica para el desarrollo de la Responsabilidad Social basada en la norma ISO 26000:2010, en una IPS de tercer nivel de complejidad en la ciudad de Bogotá
Authors: Gómez Ramírez Hermelinda , Herrera Pérez Eliana Carolina , Sorro Corredor Ligia Edilma 
Published: October 2017

<p>La Responsabilidad Social (RS) en Colombia ha tenido poca incorporación en el sector servicios, el cual ha tenido un amplio crecimiento en las últimas décadas.<br />El sector de la salud es uno de los más afectados en cuanto al componente humano debido a los efectos de la globalización, la cual ha generado deshumanización en la prestación de los servicios, situación que evidencia la necesidad de vincular la Responsabilidad Social en la gestión de las IPS. Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación que buscó determinar<br />los elementos de una metodología para facilitar el desarrollo de la RS basada en los requisitos de la norma ISO 26000:2010 - Guía de Responsabilidad Social, a<br />partir del diagnóstico de las prácticas de RS en una IPS de tercer nivel de complejidad en la ciudad de Bogotá.</p><p>Se elaboró un instrumento para el diagnóstico de las prácticas de RS en la IPS, que fue sometido a revisión técnica y a prueba piloto (n=33) previa, el cual fue aplicado a las partes interesadas (n=164) de la institución. Los resultados del diagnóstico fueron priorizados y a partir de su triangulación con la información derivada de la revisión de literatura y la lluvia de ideas del equipo de investigadores, se definieron las alternativas de intervención y se elaboró una propuesta de metodología para el desarrollo de la RS basada en la norma en mención y en el informe de sostenibilidad GRI-4, para facilitar la adopción de prácticas de RS alineadas con los requisitos del Sistema Obligatorio de Garantía de Calidad - SOGCS, para fomentar una cultura de RS y contribuir en la prestación de servicios de calidad y humanizados.</p>
Ribosome Biogenesis Modulates Ty1 Copy Number Control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Ahn Hyo Won , Tucker Jessica M , Arribere Joshua A , Garfinkel David J 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Transposons can impact the host genome by altering gene expression and participating in chromosome rearrangements. Therefore, organisms evolved different ways to minimize the level of transposition. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its close relative S. paradoxus, Ty1 copy number control (CNC) is mediated by the self-encoded restriction factor p22, which is derived from the GAG capsid gene and inhibits virus-like particle (VLP) assembly and function. Based on secondary screens of Ty1 cofactors, we identified LOC1, a RNA localization/ribosome biogenesis gene that affects Ty1 mobility predominantly in strains harboring Ty1 elements. Ribosomal protein mutants rps0bΔ and rpl7aΔ displayed similar CNC-specific phenotypes as loc1Δ, suggesting that ribosome biogenesis is critical for CNC. The level of Ty1 mRNA and Ty1 internal (Ty1i) transcripts encoding p22 was altered in these mutants, and displayed a trend where the level of Ty1i RNA increased relative to full-length Ty1 mRNA. The level of p22 increased in these mutants, and the half-life of p22 also increased in a loc1Δ mutant. Transcriptomic analyses revealed small changes in the level of Ty1 transcripts or efficiency of translation initiation in a loc1Δ mutant. Importantly, a loc1Δ mutant had defects in assembly of Gag complexes and packaging Ty1 RNA. Our results indicate that defective ribosome biogenesis enhances CNC by increasing the level of p22, and raise the possibility for versatile links between VLP assembly, its cytoplasmic environment, and a novel stress response.
Development of Decision-making Support System to Determine the Feasibility of the Job Training Industry Using Simple Additive Weighting Method
Authors: Zubaeti Kaisah Riski , Budianto Aris , Maryono Dwi 
Published: October 2017

<div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="627"><p>The activities of the job training is an activity that must be implemented at Vocational Secondary School. The lack of utilization of technology on such activities in Vocational Secondary School, so the data management of the job training become less effective and efficient. Therefore, it is necessary the information system for manage the data on the job training and produces the decision support of the decent industry of the job training as a result of the evaluation of the job training. This research has a goal to produce decision support system to determine the feasibility of the job training industry (SPK-KTP), measure the feasibility of the system, and produce a decision support using a Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. The information system can help the school to manage the administration on the job training, recap the daily journal, recap the reports in pursuit, and provide decision support the job training of decent industry used in the next period. SPK-KTP uses SAW method to produce decision support the job training of decent industry. SPK-KTP is the web-based information system which it is developed using the programming language PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor). This information system uses The Waterfall Model as its system development method. The steps of The Waterfall Model consists of Analysis, Design, Code, and Test. SPK-KTP has done testing to an expert of the information system with value 90,7%, an expert of the substance of the job training with value 91,6%, supervising teachers with value 83,3%, and learners with value 90,6%. Based on the result, so SPK-KTP is very decent to use.</p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="627"><p> </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
Community Health Workers in the United States: Challenges in Identifying, Surveying, and Supporting the Workforce
Authors: Sabo Samantha , Allen Caitlin G. , Sutkowi Katherine , Wennerstrom Ashley 
Published: October 2017

Community health workers (CHWs) are members of a growing profession in the United States. Studying this dynamic labor force is challenging, in part because its members have more than 100 different job titles. The demand for timely, accurate information about CHWs is increasing as the profession gains recognition for its ability to improve health outcomes and reduce costs. Although numerous surveys of CHWs have been conducted, the field lacks well-delineated methods for gaining access to this hard-to-identify workforce. We outline methods for surveying CHWs and promising approaches to engage the workforce and other stakeholders in conducting local, state, and national studies. We also highlight successful strategies to overcome challenges in CHW surveys and future directions for surveying the field.
Estimating Total Nitrogen and Phosphorus Losses in a Data‐Poor Ethiopian Catchment
Authors: Zinabu Eskinder , van der Kwast Johannes , Kelderman Peter , Irvine Kenneth 
Published: October 2017

Selecting a suitable model for a water quality study depends on the objectives, the characteristics of the study area, and the availability, appropriateness, and quality of data. In areas where in‐stream chemical and hydrological data are limited but where estimates of nutrient loads are needed to guide management, it is necessary to apply more generalized models that make few assumptions about underlying processes. This paper presents the selection and application of a model to estimate total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) loads in two semiarid and adjacent catchments exposed to pollution risk in north‐central Ethiopia. Using specific criteria to assess model suitability resulted in the use of the Pollution Load (PLOAD) model. The model relies on estimates of nutrient loads from point sources such as industries and export coefficients of land use, and it is calibrated using measured TN and TP loads from the catchments. The performance of the calibrated PLOAD model was increased, reducing the sum of errors by 89 and 5% for the TN and TP loads, respectively. The results were validated using independent field data. Next, two scenarios were evaluated: (i) use of riparian buffer strips, and (ii) enhanced treatment of industrial effluents. The model estimated that combined use of the two scenarios could reduce TN and TP loads by nearly 50%. Our modeling is particularly useful for initial characterization of nutrient pollution in catchments. With careful calibration and validation, PLOAD model can serve an important role in planning industrial and agricultural development in data‐poor areas.Core Ideas
Export coefficient method is suitable to estimate nutrient loads from data‐poor areas.
The PLOAD model is more applicable for small catchments than large catchments.
PLOAD modeling helps identify tradeoff between baseline and new industrial development strategy.
Buffer strips and enhancing factory effluent treatment reduce substantial nutrient loads.
Impact of Straw Return on Soil Carbon Indices, Enzyme Activity, and Grain Production
Authors: Li Shuo , Chen Juan , Shi Jianglan , Tian Xiaohong , Li Xiushuang , Li Youbing , Zhao Huili 
Published: October 2017

Core Ideas
Straw return could increase SOC stock and improve soil enzyme activities.
Both wheat and maize straw returned enlarged SOC stock, soil quality, and crop yield.
The single return of crop straw was better for improving the economic sustainability
Straw return is a promising method for managing soil organic carbon (SOC) in agricultural soils and thus may promote sustainable land use. However, the optimal straw‐return strategy for economically sustainable grain production in intensive winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–summer maize (Zea mays L.) cropping systems remains uncertain. A 4‐yr field experiment was conducted in the central North China Plain to determine the effects of straw return on SOC stock and lability, soil enzyme activity, and grain yield, and to further evaluate the sustainability of crop production in intensive wheat–maize double‐cropping systems. Four treatments were tested: no straw return (NR), return of wheat straw (WR), return of maize straw (MR), and return of both wheat and maize straw (WR+MR). Compared with the initial value, SOC stocks significantly increased by 2.8, 5.4, and 13.1% in WR, MR, and WR+MR, respectively, and significantly decreased by 2.9% in NR. Stocks of KMnO4–oxidizable C and microbial biomass C; activities of soil invertase, protease, and dehydrogenase; and the C management index were significantly higher with than without straw return and followed the order NR < WR < MR < WR+MR. Yields of wheat and maize were highest in WR+MR, but economic sustainability was higher in WR and MR relative to NR and WR+MR. Our results indicate that return of either wheat or maize straw is sufficient to maintain SOC levels and may be the optimal strategy for economically sustainable grain production in the central North China Plain.
Assessment of Soil Disturbance Caused by Forest Operations by Means of Portable Laser Scanner and Soil Physical Parameters
Authors: Giannetti Francesca , Chirici Gherardo , Travaglini Davide , Bottalico Francesca , Marchi Enrico , Cambi Martina 
Published: October 2017

Core Ideas
Forest operations may cause severe soil disturbances.
Soil impacts are usually assessed by time consuming methods.
Our study investigated the use of a portable laser scanner to assess forest soil disturbance.
Forest operations can cause compaction and rutting, resulting in soil degradation processes. Soil damage is usually assessed through costly and time‐consuming manual field measurements. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of logging operations on soil using traditional ground surveys integrated with laser scanning data acquired by a terrestrial portable laser scanner (PLS). This approach provides an alternative to soil rut manual measurements. Two skid trails, that differed by the numbers of machine passes and slope were sampled. Data collection was performed before and after forest operations. The specific objectives were to: (i) assess soil compaction, and (ii) determine rutting by way of multi‐temporal high‐resolution digital terrain models (DTM) generated by PLS data. This is the first study to assess changes in soil volume via the PLS. Significant logging impacts were detected using both investigation methods (i.e., physical parameters from traditional surveys and rutting from multi‐temporal spatial analysis based on DTM). The PLS method provides a very high sampling density of the soil surface, permitting detailed spatial analysis of terrain changes. Moreover, the pre‐processing cost for PLS‐generated DTM is low in comparison to the time needed for traditional survey based on manual field measurements. PLS may be a useful instrument for soil sampling in forest monitoring applications.
Polimorfismos del gen ob en bovinos de raza holstein en la Comarca Lagunera, México
Authors: Mendoza-Retana Sarai Shesareli , Gallegos-Robles Miguel Ángel , González-Salas Uriel , García-Hernández José Luis , Fortis-Hernández Manuel , Vázquez-Vázquez Cirilo , Trejo-Escareño Hector Idilio 
Published: October 2017

La Comarca Lagunera es la cuenca lechera más importante de México. En la actualidad se están utilizando diversas técnicas que permiten evaluar genéticamente el animal a una edad temprana, permitiendo seleccionar futuros reproductores con características deseables. Entre los genes relacionados con la producción de leche, se encuentran el gen Ob también llamado gen Leptina el cual actúa sobre el sistema nervioso central y tejidos periféricos jugando un papel muy importante en la modulación regulación del apetito, ganancia de peso vivo, incremento del metabolismo energético y el anabolismo muscular. Este trabajo se realizó para determinar el polimorfismo de longitud del fragmento de restricción ACI I de gen leptina en el exón 2 y correlacionarlo con los parámetros de producción y calidad de leche. Se recolectaron 100 muestra de sangre de vacas en producción del establo “Lácteos Florida” de Francisco I. Madero municipio de Coahuila, México con tres estatus de producción: altas, medias y bajas La extracción de ADN se realizó por el método modificado de Salting-Out. Se realizó PCR del gen leptina originando un fragmento de 272 bp de longitud y se realizó PCR-RFLP con la enzima de restricción ACI I y secuenciación, correlacionando los genotipos TT, CT Y CC con tres estatus de producción de leche: altas, medias, bajas. El análisis estadístico indicó que las vacas portadoras del genotipo homocigoto (TT) tienen un efecto significativo (P<0.01) con respecto a las características de producción y calidad de leche ya que tuvieron un mayor consumo de alimento, ganancia de peso, además de una elevada producción de leche en comparación a los genotipos heterocigoto (CT) y homocigoto (CC). Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la identificación molecular de polimorfismos del gen Ob puede usarse como herramienta de selección genética en bovinos de raza Holstein.
Diabetes Risk Assessment in Latinas: Effectiveness of a Brief Diabetes Risk Questionnaire for Detecting Prediabetes in a Community-Based Sample
Authors: Scanlan Adam B. , Maia Catarina M. , Perez Alberly , Homko Carol J. , O’Brien Matthew J. 
Published: October 2017

Objective.
Numerous validated questionnaires use self-reported data to quantify individuals’ risk of having diabetes or developing it in the future. Evaluations of these tools have primarily used nationally representative data, limiting their application in clinical and community settings. This analysis tested the effectiveness of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) risk questionnaire for identifying prediabetes in a community-based sample of Latinas.

Methods.
Data were collected using the ADA risk questionnaire and assessing A1C. Among 204 participants without diabetes, we examined the association between individual characteristics and glycemic status. We then calculated the performance characteristics (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value [PPV], and negative predictive value [NPV]) of the ADA risk questionnaire for detecting prediabetes, using A1C results as the gold standard to define the outcome.

Results.
All participants were women of self-reported Hispanic/Latino ethnicity. Their mean ADA risk score was 5.6 ± 1.6. Latinas who had prediabetes were older, with significantly higher rates of hypertension and a higher ADA risk score than those without prediabetes. At a risk score ≥5—the threshold for high risk set by the ADA—the questionnaire had the following test performance characteristics: sensitivity 77.8%, specificity 41.7%, PPV 76.2%, and NPV 43.9%.

Conclusion.
The ADA risk questionnaire demonstrates reasonable performance for identifying prediabetes in a community-based sample of Latinas. Our data may guide other groups’ use of this tool in the same target population. Future research should examine the effectiveness of this questionnaire for recruiting diverse populations into diabetes prevention programs. In addition, unique diabetes risk assessment tools for specific target populations are needed and may outperform questionnaires developed using nationally representative data.