bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Passionately or reluctantly independent? Artistic and non-artistic self-employment compared
Authors: Bosma Bas , Loots Ellen , Stroet Paul , van Witteloostuijn Arjen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe stereotypical example of an intrinsically motivated person is an artist who creates art for art’s sake. In line with this, a frequently expressed argument is that many of these artists opt for self-employment to develop their artistic career and stay in control. Recently, in this journal, Feder and Woronkowicz in Journal of Cultural Economics 47 589–607, 2023, reported findings from a comprehensive study with US data in which they comparatively examine the motives of artistic versus non-artistic self-employed. Indeed, one of their key results is that artists are less likely to seek self-employment for economic compared to other reasons. We examine the generalizability of their findings by conducting a similar analysis on a sample of Dutch artistic and non-artistic self-employed. We add four further variables—two experience and two risk-related—to explore the extent to which these may provide further insight in artistic—non-artistic motivational overlap. Moreover, we examine a wider set of potential self-employment motives to explore finer-grained differences between artistic vis-à-vis non-artistic self-employed. Our main findings of this extended replication study are threefold. First, we generalize (Feder and Woronkowicz in Journal of Cultural Economics 47 589–607, 2023) main result regarding the lower importance of the economic motive for self-employed artists. Second, we show that the added experience and risk variables are more influential than (Feder and Woronkowicz in Journal of Cultural Economics 47 589–607, 2023) set of demographic variables. Third, we prompt serving the ‘community’ as a new and underrated motive that may fuel the passion of artists, specifically those who are female or lower educated.
Mujeres Unidas: A Pilot Study to Educate Latina Women
Authors: Comey Danika , Crawford Cassidy , Romero Isabela , Sundell Reyna , Padron Sophia Thompson , Brittenham Harley , Wiley Emily , Moyce Sally 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In the United States, it is estimated that 15% of Latinos will experience a depressive or anxiety disorder during their lifetime. Education, prevention programming, and health interventions around topics such as stress, nutrition, mental health, and health maintenance for Latino immigrants are lacking, inadequate, or nonexistent. This type of programming may be protective against depression and anxiety. A total of 19 Latina women completed a five-week, group-based intervention to learn about stress, stress management, nutrition, mental health, and healthy behaviors in a culturally sensitive environment taught by native Spanish speakers. Program evaluation occurred through in-depth interviews and changes in anxiety and depression scores via the Generalized Anxiety Scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire, respectively. The team saw statistically significant decreases in the GAD-7 scores pre- and post-intervention (8.00 versus 5.08, p<0.05), but no differences in the PSS or the PHQ-2 scores. Group-based intervention and education taught by native Spanish speakers may be an acceptable and feasible approach to addressing anxiety in Latina immigrants.
A Quasi-Newton Subspace Trust Region Algorithm for Nonmonotone Variational Inequalities in Adversarial Learning over Box Constraints
Authors: Qiu Zicheng , Jiang Jie , Chen Xiaojun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe first-order optimality condition of convexly constrained nonconvex nonconcave min-max optimization problems with box constraints formulates a nonmonotone variational inequality (VI), which is equivalent to a system of nonsmooth equations. In this paper, we propose a quasi-Newton subspace trust region (QNSTR) algorithm for the least squares problems defined by the smoothing approximation of nonsmooth equations. Based on the structure of the nonmonotone VI, we use an adaptive quasi-Newton formula to approximate the Hessian matrix and solve a low-dimensional strongly convex quadratic program with ellipse constraints in a subspace at each step of the QNSTR algorithm efficiently. We prove the global convergence of the QNSTR algorithm to an $$\epsilon $$
ϵ
-first-order stationary point of the min-max optimization problem. Moreover, we present numerical results based on the QNSTR algorithm with different subspaces for a mixed generative adversarial networks in eye image segmentation using real data to show the efficiency and effectiveness of the QNSTR algorithm for solving large-scale min-max optimization problems.
Fractionation of UF6 and daughter progeny in storage cylinders from external heating
Authors: Wilson Brandon A. , Peplow Douglas E. , Bledsoe Keith C. , See Nathan D. , Rose Paul B. , Fugate Glenn A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUranium hexafluoride (UF6) is a significant concern for material accountancy and verification in the international safeguards community. Verification of the contents of UF6 cylinders is generally attempted with gamma spectroscopy but the current methods assume a uniform, homogeneous UF6 mass distribution within the cylinder. In this work, it was found experimentally and confirmed via modeling, that under an external heat load (the sun), the UF6 and its daughter products undergo fractionation in the cylinder. This fractionation of the UF6 and daughter products can cause an errant measurement of the enrichment of the cylinder when using the current verification methods.
Sec-isoamyl Mercaptan (SIT), a Multi-faceted Disulfide Based Protecting Group for Cysteine Thiol
Authors: Chakraborty Amit , Albericio Fernando , de la Torre Beatriz G. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The successful synthesis of a peptide requires the synchronization of several processes, including the efficient execution of protecting group chemistry. For cysteine (Cys)-peptides, this is more crucial because the trifunctional Cys has a free thiol in its side chain. During synthesis, this free thiol function remains protected with suitable protecting groups and can be removed after synthesis using appropriate methods. Sec-isoamyl mercaptan (SIT) is a versatile disulfide-based protecting group for Cys side chain thiol. The removal of SIT from Cys thiol can be achieved using a mild reducing agent (e. g. DTT). This later promotes efficient disulfide bond formation by oxidation. SIT can also direct/activate the Cys thiol for the chemoselective formation of disulfide bonds by thiol-disulfide interchange.

Methods
Peptides were synthesized using solid-phase peptide synthesis techniques. The removal of the SIT group was carried out either in the solid phase or in the solution.

Results
In the present study, we have shown that SIT can be efficiently removed both in solution and on-resin to facilitate disulfide-bridged peptide synthesis. This was exemplified by two syntheses of an atosiban derivative, where the SIT was removed in solution or in solid-phase. Furthermore, a SIT-based facile one-pot synthesis pathway was devised for disulfide-rich peptides. The strategy was faster and greener as it did not involve using an oxidizer. Conotoxin (two S–S) and linaclotide amide (three S–S) were successfully synthesized by adopting the SIT-based strategy. Finally, a racemization study was carried out for SIT, Trt and StBu-protected Cys-peptides. In all cases, SIT-protected peptides showed lesser racemization than StBu-protected peptides. In some instances (synthesis using DMF), SIT-protected peptides showed less racemization compared to the Trt congeners.

Conclusion
Overall, the multifaceted use of SIT-protection during the synthesis of disulfide-rich peptides has illustrated its versatility as a Cys thiol protecting group.
Embracing ambivalence and hesitation: a Ricoeurian perspective on anticipatory choice processes at the end of life
Authors: van Wijngaarden Els 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEspecially older adults are increasingly stimulated to think about, talk about and record their preferences with regard to future (health)care decisions, preferably in a pro-active manner. In this paper, I analyse these anticipatory choice processes. My goal is twofold: Firstly, to provide a deeper understanding of what it actually means to decide in advance about end-of-life treatments or options. Secondly, to make a theoretical contribution to bioethics and ACP-theories by rethinking the concept of end-of-life choices from a phenomenological viewpoint. To achieve this, I start by presenting a case narrative that elucidates how these anticipatory choices are lived. Secondly, I map out a theoretical framework about choice based on the phenomenology of the will of Paul Ricoeur. Finally, guided by this Ricoeurian framework, I investigate the potential meaning of choice in the context of contemporary advance care planning trajectories. The analysis demonstrates that choice and agency always imply notions of passivity and uncontrollability. It also indicates the significant value of hesitation and ambivalence. Moreover, it highlights the importance of the notion of co-responsibility in the context of anticipated end-of-life choices, and the relevant distinction between a (willed) choice and a wish. To improve care and support regarding end-of-life trajectories and to promote meaningful conversations, it is imperative to integrate these underrated elements more substantially in our theories, language and practical approaches. I conclude by suggesting that, in order to do justice to the real-life complexities, we might even need to revise the notion of advance ‘directives’.
The alchemists: on Justin D’Arms and Daniel Jacobson’s rational sentimentalism
Authors: Na’aman Oded 
Published: October 2024

AbstractD’Arms and Jacobson’s Rational Sentimentalism promises an alchemy: a view that grounds certain values and reasons in facts about human sentiments but also treats the very same facts about values and reasons as fundamental. I examine how they attempt to deliver on the promise, doubt that they succeed, consider their motivations, and offer an alternative interpretation of what they might be doing.
Socially responsible investment funds and firm performance improvement
Authors: Tosun Onur Kemal , Moon S. Katie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe examine how socially responsible investment (SRI) mutual funds emphasizing employee relations are associated with the performance of their portfolio firms, measured by return on assets (ROA). We highlight the important role of mutual-fund shareholders emphasizing employee relations by showing that firms’ ROA improves when their shares are owned by such shareholders. We find the shareholder participation of employee-focused SRI funds a potential channel leading to firm performance improvement. Our finding holds for stock return performance and is stronger in human-capital intense industries. Instrumental variable approaches using state-level constituency statutes, mutual fund inflows, or Morningstar ratings suggest a causal relation.
Exploring the circulating metabolome of sepsis: metabolomic and lipidomic profiles sampled in the ambulance
Authors: Salihovic Samira , Eklund Daniel , Kruse Robert , Wallgren Ulrika , Hyötyläinen Tuulia , Särndahl Eva , Kurland Lisa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Sepsis is defined as a dysfunctional host response to infection. The diverse clinical presentations of sepsis pose diagnostic challenges and there is a demand for enhanced diagnostic markers for sepsis as well as an understanding of the underlying pathological mechanisms involved in sepsis. From this perspective, metabolomics has emerged as a potentially valuable tool for aiding in the early identification of sepsis that could highlight key metabolic pathways and underlying pathological mechanisms.

Objective
The aim of this investigation is to explore the early metabolomic and lipidomic profiles in a prospective cohort where plasma samples (n = 138) were obtained during ambulance transport among patients with infection according to clinical judgement who subsequently developed sepsis, patients who developed non-septic infection, and symptomatic controls without an infection.

Methods
Multiplatform metabolomics and lipidomics were performed using UHPLC–MS/MS and UHPLC–QTOFMS. Uni- and multivariable analysis were used to identify metabolite profiles in sepsis vs symptomatic control and sepsis vs non-septic infection.

Results
Univariable analysis disclosed that out of the 457 annotated metabolites measured across three different platforms, 23 polar, 27 semipolar metabolites and 133 molecular lipids exhibited significant differences between patients who developed sepsis and symptomatic controls following correction for multiple testing. Furthermore, 84 metabolites remained significantly different between sepsis and symptomatic controls following adjustment for age, sex, and Charlson comorbidity score. Notably, no significant differences were identified in metabolites levels when comparing patients with sepsis and non-septic infection in univariable and multivariable analyses.

Conclusion
Overall, we found that the metabolome, including the lipidome, was decreased in patients experiencing infection and sepsis, with no significant differences between the two conditions. This finding indicates that the observed metabolic profiles are shared between both infection and sepsis, rather than being exclusive to sepsis alone.
Effect of an acute session of intermittent exercise on trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) production following choline ingestion
Authors: Ong Marilyn L.Y. , Green Christopher G. , Rowland Samantha N. , Rider Katie , Sutcliffe Harry , Funnell Mark P. , Salzano Andrea , Heaney Liam M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut bacteria-dependent metabolite associated with poor cardiovascular health. Exercise is a known cardioprotective activity but the impact of an acute bout of exercise on TMAO production is unknown.

Objectives/Methods
This study assessed choline-derived production of TMAO following a single bout of intermittent exercise in a young, healthy cohort.

Results
Choline supplemented after either exercise or a time-matched resting period demonstrated a similar increase in circulating TMAO across an 8-hour period.

Conclusion
This suggests that a single bout of intermittent exercise does not alter gut microbial metabolic behaviour and thus does not provide additional cardioprotective benefits related to blood levels of TMAO.
Deletion of the stress response protein REDD1 prevents sodium iodate-induced RPE damage and photoreceptor loss
Authors: Subrahmanian Sandeep M. , Yerlikaya Esma I. , Sunilkumar Siddharth , Toro Allyson L. , McCurry Christopher M. , Grillo Stephanie L. , Barber Alistair J. , Sundstrom Jeffrey M. , Dennis Michael D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in elderly populations, yet the molecular events that initiate the early retinal defects that lead to visual function deficits remain poorly understood. The studies here explored a role for the stress response protein Regulated in Development and DNA damage response 1 (REDD1) in the development of retinal pathology by using the oxidant stressor sodium iodate (NaIO3) to model dry AMD in mice. REDD1 protein abundance was increased in the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) and retina of mice administered NaIO3. In wild-type REDD1+/+ mice, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were robustly increased in the outer retinal layers 1 day after NaIO3 administration, with focal areas of increased ROS seen throughout the outer retina after 7 days. In contrast with REDD1+/+ mice, ROS levels were blunted in REDD1−/− mice after NaIO3 administration. REDD1 was also required for upregulated expression of pro-inflammatory factors in the RPE/retina and immune cell activation in the outer retina following NaIO3 administration. In REDD1+/+ mice, NaIO3 reduced RPE65 and rhodopsin levels in the RPE and photoreceptor layers, respectively. Unlike REDD1+/+ mice, REDD1−/− mice did not exhibit disrupted RPE integrity, retinal degeneration, or photoreceptor thinning. Overall, REDD1 deletion was sufficient to prevent retinal oxidative stress, RPE damage, immune cell activation, and photoreceptor loss in response to NaIO3. The findings support a potential role for REDD1 in the development of retinal complications in the context of dry AMD.
Compensation versus deterioration across functional networks in amnestic mild cognitive impairment subtypes
Authors: Varela-López Benxamín , Zurrón Montserrat , Lindín Mónica , Díaz Fernando , Galdo-Alvarez Santiago 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFunctional connectivity studies to detect neurophysiological correlates of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), a prodromal stage of Alzheimer’s disease, have generated contradictory results in terms of compensation and deterioration, as most of the studies did not distinguish between the different aMCI subtypes: single-domain aMCI (sd-aMCI) and multiple-domain aMCI (md-aMCI). The present study aimed to characterize the neurophysiological correlates of aMCI subtypes by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The study included sd-aMCI (n = 29), md-aMCI (n = 26), and control (n = 30) participants. The data were subjected to independent component analysis (ICA) to explore the default mode network (DMN) and the fronto-parietal control network (FPCN). Additionally, seed-based and moderation analyses were conducted to investigate the connectivity of the medial temporal lobe and functional networks. aMCI subtypes presented differences in functional connectivity relative to the control group: sd-aMCI participants displayed increased FPCN connectivity and reduced connectivity between the posterior parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) and medial structures; md-aMCI participants exhibited lower FPCN connectivity, higher anterior PHG connectivity with frontal structures and lower posterior PHG connectivity with central-parietal and temporo-occipital areas. Additionally, md-aMCI participants showed higher posterior PHG connectivity with structures of the DMN than both control and sd-aMCI participants, potentially indicating more severe cognitive deficits. The results showed gradual and qualitative neurofunctional differences between the aMCI subgroups, suggesting the existence of compensatory (sd-aMCI) and deterioration (md-aMCI) mechanisms in functional networks, mainly originated in the DMN. The findings support consideration of the subgroups as different stages of MCI within the Alzheimer disease continuum.
A comprehensive review of soil organic carbon estimates: Integrating remote sensing and machine learning technologies
Authors: Li Tong , Cui Lizhen , Kuhnert Matthias , McLaren Timothy I. , Pandey Rajiv , Liu Hongdou , Wang Weijin , Xu Zhihong , Xia Anquan , Dalal Ram C. , Dang Yash P. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Accurately assessing soil organic carbon (SOC) content is vital for ecosystem services management and addressing global climate challenges. This study undertakes a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of global estimates for SOC using remote sensing (RS) and machine learning (ML) techniques. It showcases the historical growth and thematic evolution in SOC research, aiming to amplify the understanding of SOC estimation themes and provide scientific support for climate change adaptation and mitigation.

Materials and Methods
Employing extensive literature database analysis, bibliometric network analysis, and clustering techniques, the study reviews 1,761 articles on SOC estimation using RS technologies and 490 articles on SOC employing both RS and ML technologies.

Results and Discussion
The results indicate that satellite-based RS, particularly the Landsat series, is predominant for estimation of SOC and other associated studies, with North America, China, and Europe leading in evaluations with Africa is having low evaluations adopting RS technology. Trends in the research demonstrate an evolution from basic mapping to advanced topics such as carbon (C) sequestration, complex modeling, and big data utilization. Thematic clusters from co-occurrence analysis suggest the interplay between technology development, environmental surveys, soil properties, and climate dynamics.

Conclusion
The study highlights the synergy between RS and ML, with advanced ML techniques proving to be critical for accurate SOC estimation. These findings are crucial for comprehensive ecosystem SOC estimation, informed environmental management and strategic decision-making.
MiniMizer Gastric Ring displacement at 31 weeks of gestation as a life-threatening complication
Authors: Szymczak Paulina , Grzybowska Magdalena Emilia , Grzeczka Adam , Szymański Michał , Wydra Dariusz Grzegorz 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis case report describes a pregnant woman who underwent a laparoscopic MiniMizer Gastric Ring procedure for clinically severe obesity only one month before conception. At 31 weeks of gestation, the patient as admitted to the hospital with postprandial vomiting and persistent left-sided colicky abdominal pain. Maternal abdominal MRI revealed an intestinal obstruction and elective surgery was recommended. Due to the considerable risk to the fetus, antenatal corticosteroids were immediately administered to promote lung maturation and magnesium sulfate was started for fetal neuroprotection. During an exploratory laparoscopy, significantly enlarged and ischemic intestinal loops were found, leading to the decision to perform an atraumatic “en caul” cesarean delivery. After a successful “en caul” delivery, the MiniMizer ring, which had dislodged downwards and led to mesenteric ischemia, was visualized. Intraoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a 1cm defect in the stomach wall related to gastric ring, covered with purulent exudate. Further exploration, showed a herniation of the distal alimentary loop through the Petersen foramen. Successful management included ring removal and intestinal loop reduction from the Petersen’s space, without evidence of strangulation, as confirmed with indocyanine green (ICG) angiography. The postoperative course was uneventful. Women with obesity who have undergone bariatric surgery should to be informed of the increased likelihood of becoming pregnant after treatment. It is advised to notify the patient of the importance of maintaining a sufficient interval between bariatric surgery and conception. Additionally reports from the literature on various complications during pregnancy after bariatric surgery are presented.
The under-recognition and significance of frailty syndrome – a geriatric and forensic conundrum
Authors: Byard Roger W. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFrailty syndrome occurs in elderly individuals with declining muscle mass (sarcopenia), unintentional weight loss, decreasing physical strength and activity, exhaustion, and slow ambulation. It significantly increases morbidity and mortality with cardiovascular, renal disease and neurological disorders, osteoporosis and fractures, endocrine and immunological dysfunction and a variety of malignancies. It is increasing in incidence as the population ages. However, unfortunately as identification relies on clinical and not pathological evaluations, its contribution to a wide range of comorbidities and its role in terminal episodes may not be recognized in a forensic context.