bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental factors affecting the distribution of three armadillo species (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae) in Argentina
Authors: Seitz Viviana P. , Carrara Rodolfo , Puig Silvia , Vizcaíno Sergio F. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Environmental temperature, rainfall, vegetation structure, soil composition and land use were recognized as relevant factors limiting the distribution of armadillos. The aim of this study was to identify environmental and spatial factors influencing the geographical distribution of the most widespread armadillos occurring in Argentina (Chaetophractus vellerosus, Chaetophractus villosus and Zaedyus pichiy), through the most simple and accurate explanatory modeling. General linear models (GLMs), partitioning analyses of variance and hierarchical partitioning analyses were applied to estimate the species-environment relationships. Climatic variables were recognized as the most relevant factors influencing the three species distribution, consistent with that expected from the hierarchical structure theory in ecological systems. Optimal conditions were mainly arranged in a longitudinal geographic gradient for Chaetophractus species and in a latitudinal-longitudinal gradient for Z. pichiy. The optimal habitat identified for C. vellerosus, larger than previously documented, was characterized by warm, rainy summers and moderately cold, dry winters. The distribution of C. villosus was mainly influenced by temperate conditions of temperature and isothermality, scarcity of rainfall with high seasonality and low aridity conditions, and prevalence of sandy soils. Optimal habitat of Z. pichiy was affected by low temperatures with high seasonality, scarcity of rainfall with aridity conditions and sandy soils.
Yellow armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus) can predate on vertebrates as large as a chicken
Authors: Foster Vania Cristina , Porfirio Grasiela , Viana Diego , Sarmento Pedro , Fischer Erich 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Food habits of yellow armadillos have been reported to include mainly plant material and invertebrates. Although predation on medium vertebrates is unexpected, yellow armadillos present strategies to subjugate medium vertebrates. Here, we report events of predation upon domestic chickens by yellow armadillos in the Brazilian Pantanal. We installed 20 Tomahawk traps, each baited with one live chicken to capture felines and, throughout 15 days of trapping, we captured two yellow armadillos. Both killed the chickens and ate most of them. These events represent a new uppermost limit of prey size for yellow armadillos.
Theatre Reviews
Authors: Rasmus Agnieszka , Georgopoulou Xenia 
Published: May 2016

Please Continue (Hamlet). Dir. Yan Duyvendak and Roger Bernat. New Classics of Europe Festival. Stefan Jaracz Theatre, Łódź, Poland.
Macbeth. The Bible of Darkness. Dir. Theodoros Espiritou. Black Box, Michael Cacoyannis Foundation, Athens, Greece
Anatomical Reconstruction and Functional Imaging Reveal an Ordered Array of Skylight Polarization Detectors inDrosophila
Authors: Weir Peter T. , Henze Miriam J. , Bleul Christiane , Baumann-Klausener Franziska , Labhart Thomas , Dickinson Michael H. 
Published: May 2016

Many insects exploit skylight polarization as a compass cue for orientation and navigation. In the fruit fly,Drosophila melanogaster, photoreceptors R7 and R8 in the dorsal rim area (DRA) of the compound eye are specialized to detect the electric vector (e-vector) of linearly polarized light. These photoreceptors are arranged in stacked pairs with identical fields of view and spectral sensitivities, but mutually orthogonal microvillar orientations. As in larger flies, we found that the microvillar orientation of the distal photoreceptor R7 changes in a fan-like fashion along the DRA. This anatomical arrangement suggests that the DRA constitutes a detector for skylight polarization, in which different e-vectors maximally excite different positions in the array. To test our hypothesis, we measured responses to polarized light of varying e-vector angles in the terminals of R7/8 cells using genetically encoded calcium indicators. Our data confirm a progression of preferred e-vector angles from anterior to posterior in the DRA, and a strict orthogonality between the e-vector preferences of paired R7/8 cells. We observed decreased activity in photoreceptors in response to flashes of light polarized orthogonally to their preferred e-vector angle, suggesting reciprocal inhibition between photoreceptors in the same medullar column, which may serve to increase polarization contrast. Together, our results indicate that the polarization-vision system relies on a spatial map of preferred e-vector angles at the earliest stage of sensory processing.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe fly's visual system is an influential model system for studying neural computation, and much is known about its anatomy, physiology, and development. The circuits underlying motion processing have received the most attention, but researchers are increasingly investigating other functions, such as color perception and object recognition. In this work, we investigate the early neural processing of a somewhat exotic sense, called polarization vision. Because skylight is polarized in an orientation that is rigidly determined by the position of the sun, this cue provides compass information. Behavioral experiments have shown that many species use the polarization pattern in the sky to direct locomotion. Here we describe the input stage of the fly's polarization-vision system.
How the Human Brain Represents Perceived Dangerousness or “Predacity” of Animals
Authors: Connolly Andrew C. , Sha Long , Guntupalli J. Swaroop , Oosterhof Nikolaas , Halchenko Yaroslav O. , Nastase Samuel A. , di Oleggio Castello Matteo Visconti , Abdi Hervé , Jobst Barbara C. , Gobbini M. Ida , Haxby James V. 
Published: May 2016

Common or folk knowledge about animals is dominated by three dimensions: (1) level of cognitive complexity or “animacy;” (2) dangerousness or “predacity;” and (3) size. We investigated the neural basis of the perceived dangerousness or aggressiveness of animals, which we refer to more generally as “perception of threat.” Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we analyzed neural activity evoked by viewing images of animal categories that spanned the dissociable semantic dimensions of threat and taxonomic class. The results reveal a distributed network for perception of threat extending along the right superior temporal sulcus. We compared neural representational spaces with target representational spaces based on behavioral judgments and a computational model of early vision and found a processing pathway in which perceived threat emerges as a dominant dimension: whereas visual features predominate in early visual cortex and taxonomy in lateral occipital and ventral temporal cortices, these dimensions fall away progressively from posterior to anterior temporal cortices, leaving threat as the dominant explanatory variable. Our results suggest that the perception of threat in the human brain is associated with neural structures that underlie perception and cognition of social actions and intentions, suggesting a broader role for these regions than has been thought previously, one that includes the perception of potential threat from agents independent of their biological class.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFor centuries, philosophers have wondered how the human mind organizes the world into meaningful categories and concepts. Today this question is at the core of cognitive science, but our focus has shifted to understanding how knowledge manifests in dynamic activity of neural systems in the human brain. This study advances the young field of empirical neuroepistemology by characterizing the neural systems engaged by an important dimension in our cognitive representation of the animal kingdom ontological subdomain: how the brain represents the perceived threat, dangerousness, or “predacity” of animals. Our findings reveal how activity for domain-specific knowledge of animals overlaps the social perception networks of the brain, suggesting domain-general mechanisms underlying the representation of conspecifics and other animals.
Robust Resilience of the Frontotemporal Syntax System to Aging
Authors: Campbell Karen L. , Samu Dávid , Davis Simon W. , Geerligs Linda , Mustafa Abdur , Tyler Lorraine K. ,   for Cambridge Centre for Aging and Neuroscience
Published: May 2016

Brain function is thought to become less specialized with age. However, this view is largely based on findings of increased activation during tasks that fail to separate task-related processes (e.g., attention, decision making) from the cognitive process under examination. Here we take a systems-level approach to separate processes specific to language comprehension from those related to general task demands and to examine age differences in functional connectivity both within and between those systems. A large population-based sample (N= 111; 22–87 years) from the Cambridge Centre for Aging and Neuroscience (Cam-CAN) was scanned using functional MRI during two versions of an experiment: a natural listening version in which participants simply listened to spoken sentences and an explicit task version in which they rated the acceptability of the same sentences. Independent components analysis across the combined data from both versions showed that although task-free language comprehension activates only the auditory and frontotemporal (FTN) syntax networks, performing a simple task with the same sentences recruits several additional networks. Remarkably, functionality of the critical FTN is maintained across age groups, showing no difference in within-network connectivity or responsivity to syntactic processing demands despite gray matter loss and reduced connectivity to task-related networks. We found no evidence for reduced specialization or compensation with age. Overt task performance was maintained across the lifespan and performance in older, but not younger, adults related to crystallized knowledge, suggesting that decreased between-network connectivity may be compensated for by older adults' richer knowledge base.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUnderstanding spoken language requires the rapid integration of information at many different levels of analysis. Given the complexity and speed of this process, it is remarkably well preserved with age. Although previous work claims that this preserved functionality is due to compensatory activation of regions outside the frontotemporal language network, we use a novel systems-level approach to show that these “compensatory” activations simply reflect age differences in response to experimental task demands. Natural, task-free language comprehension solely recruits auditory and frontotemporal networks, the latter of which is similarly responsive to language-processing demands across the lifespan. These findings challenge the conventional approach to neurocognitive aging by showing that the neural underpinnings of a given cognitive function depend on how you test it.
Incidence of hospital mortality in polytrauma patients in a tertiary center in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Konjo Hadžan , Švraka Emira , Omervić Đemil , Avdić Dijana 
Published: May 2016

Introduction: In the late 70s of the last century, the mortality rate due to polytrauma amounted to 40%. This led to a new approach to this patient category with the goal of improving the treatment outcome. According to the German trauma register, the rate of mortality in polytrauma at the end of the last century was 18.6%. The goal of this study is to determine the incidence of hospital mortality in polytrauma patients in a tertiary institution in Bosnia and Herzegovina.Methods: We analyzed patient medical records from the Intensive Care Unit of the Clinic of Orthopedics and Traumatology at University Clinical Center Sarajevo, from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012.Results: There were 70 polytrauma patients in 2012, with average age 47.55 (range 8-77) years. Half of the patients were younger than 50 years. Age groups most frequently affected were 61 and older (25.7%), 51-60 years (24.3%), and 31-40 years (21.4%). Lethal outcome occurred in 10 patients (14.3%), while 60 patients (85.7%) survived and were treated until discharge or transfer to a different department. The average Injury Severity Score (ISS) in patients with lethal outcome was 71.50, while in survivors was 37. The largest percentage of lethal outcomes was recorded in cases of traffic accidents.Conclusion: The mortality rate among hospitalized polytrauma patients in the tertiary institution in Bosnia and Herzegovina is similar to reported mortality rates in other countries with developed healthcare system.
Effect of Different Moisture and Storage Temperature on Seed Borne Mycoflora of Cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.)
Authors: Anil Kumar Kushwaha  
Published: May 2016

Cotton seeds with 66, 76, 86 and 96% moisture content stored at 10, 20, 30 and 40 ºC for 6 months, highest fungal species were observed in G. arboreum seeds at 76% and 86% relative humidity. The minimum fungal species at 96% relative humidity at 30 °C temperature for six months of storage. Thus 86% relative humidity and 30 °C temperature for six months of storage was observed as the best combination for the occurrence of maximum number of fungi.
Mecanismos de Controle da Gestão do SUS à Luz da Lei Complementar Nº 141, de 2012
Authors: Barbosa Antonio Pires , Tardivo Carla Rubia Florencio , Barbosa Estela Capelas 
Published: May 2016

O artigo busca identificar mecanismos de controle da gestão, predominantemente orçamentário e financeiro, e níveis de responsabilidade gerencial os quais possam contribuir na melhoria do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) à luz do disposto na Lei Complementar nº 141/2012. Utilizando metodologia qualitativa com levantamento de instrumentos existentes na LC 141/2012 e pareamento destes com os requisitos do Sistema Nacional de Auditoria , toma em consideração a lógica estruturante do SUS e os princípios gerais do controle como elementos norteadores da Administração Pública no âmbito do estado democrático de direito.Palavras-chave: Gestão em Saude, Direito Sanitário, Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), Lei Complementar nº 141/12.
Estado, Políticas Públicas e os Desafios para a Descentralização: a Experiência da Secretaria de Estado de Cultura de Minas Gerais
Authors: Vitória José Ricardo , Martins Barbara Calçado Lopes , Emmendoerfer Magnus Luiz , Fioravante Alexandre Sette Abrantes 
Published: May 2016

O objetivo principal deste artigo é compreender as principais políticas públicas de cultura implementadas no estado de Minas Gerais – Brasil, a partir da análise da atuação da Secretaria de Estado de Cultura. Enquanto referencial teórico foram apresentadas as discussões sobre políticas públicas de cultura, e, sobre os aspectos da descentralização de políticas culturais sob a ótica do fluxo decisório. Em termos metodológicos este artigo foi desenvolvido com base em revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa documental. Busca-se com este estudo compreender e refletir sobre o papel estratégico do Estado em relação à institucionalização de políticas de descentralização e democratização dos bens e serviços culturais. Com isso concluiu-se que as políticas culturais no estado ainda estão em processo de descentralização. O avanço deste processo depende do avanço substancial de questões como a comunicação e cultura, da economia da cultura, e a relação entre os setores público/privado e sociedade civil na formulação das políticas públicas no estado. Palavras Chaves: Administração Pública; Gestão Cultural; Desenvolvimento Regional; Economia da Cultura; Artes e Patrimônio.
AVALIAÇÃO DA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO PROGRAMA DE GESTÃO DE MATERIAIS E EQUIPAMENTOS ASSOCIADO AO PLANEJAMENTO ESTRATÉGICO DO HU/UFSC.
Authors: Pereira Maurício Fernandes 
Published: May 2016

Os hospitais de ensino vêm passando por profundas e aceleradas transformações, sobretudo decorrentes da implantação de novas políticas públicas para a saúde. Para alcançarem suas metas esses hospitais, em especial, o Hospital Universitário Prof. Polydoro Ernani de São Thiago da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – HU/UFSC, foco desse estudo, tem sido forçados a adotar ferramentas mais eficazes de gestão, entre as quais está a elaboração de um planejamento estratégico. Foi a partir desse escopo, que surgiu o planejamento estratégico no HU/UFSC, intitulado de Plano 2012. Considerando que o planejamento estratégico é um processo composto por ações inter-relacionadas e interdependentes, essa pesquisa se propôs avaliar a implementação das ações estratégicas formuladas no Programa de Gestão de Materiais e Equipamentos, associado ao Plano 2012. Como resultado da pesquisa concluiu-se que, a despeito de sua importância, nenhuma das ações estratégicas desse Programa foi efetivamente implementada, o que caracterizou uma grande fragilidade dessa área, frente às novas demandas impostas ao HU/UFSC.
ROTATIVIDAD DA EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM: ANÁLISE DOS FATORES RELACIONADOS
Authors: PAGNO MARINES DOS SANTOS , DE FAVERI FABIANO 
Published: May 2016

RESUMO: A rotatividade da equipe de enfermagem na Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo traz a possibilidade de explorar os problemas vivenciados no cotidiano do trabalho de modo que seja possível traçar estratégias ao enfretamento das situações adversas da equipe de enfermagem. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar os fatores relacionados à rotatividade da equipe de enfermagem em unidades de terapia intensiva. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa que utilizou um questionário com perguntas fechadas, tipo escala de Likert. O cenário deste estudo foram cinco unidades de terapia intensiva, sendo a amostra constituída por 34 enfermeiros. Os resultados mostram a pressão do ambiente de trabalho e sobrecarga emocional como o principal fator relacionado à rotatividade da equipe de enfermagem em unidade de terapia intensiva.
A PARTICIPAÇÃO DOS PLANOS DE SAÚDE NOS ATENDIMENTOS MÉDICOS NO ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: BERNARDES LEANDRO DOS SANTOS , DIAS TAISA , SEHNEM SIMONE 
Published: May 2016

Com o crescimento do mercado dos planos de saúde privado, a presente pesquisa consiste de um levantamento do tipo survey, realizado no período de 19/03/2013 a 15/05/2013, buscando identificar a representatividade dos planos de saúde nas agendas médicas no Estado de Santa Catarina. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de um questionário eletrônico respondido por 368 médicos em atividade no estado. O estudo foi construído levando em consideração o mercado emergente em decorrência da lacuna deixada pelo setor público que não consegue cumprir de forma eficiente suas atribuições básicas. Os resultados apontam para expressiva dependência das agendas médicas à planos de saúde, o que instala competição entre os operadores e distorções do papel do poder público que ao invés de prestar o serviço passa a regulá-lo. Palavras-chaves: Serviços de saúde. Plano de Saúde. Saúde suplementar.
CONDIÇÕES E DESAFIOS AO DESENVOLVIMENTO DA GESTÃO DE DOCUMENTOS EM INSTITUIÇÕES DE SAÚDE NO BRASIL
Authors: SOUSA SILVIA APARECIDA PINHEIRO BRASIL DE 
Published: May 2016

A busca por soluções e padrões de eficiência no uso de documentos administrativos é pouco explorada na literatura, mas o conceito de memória organizacional e aprendizagem organizacional já podem ser encontrados na literatura dos estudos organizacionais e administrativos (SANTOS, 2012, p. 43 e SENGE 1990, apud CASTILHO; SILVA; TURRIONI, 2004, p.2). Pedrosa e Couto (2007, p.1) referem que as “organizações não suportarão mais custos relacionados com a má qualidade, tais como custos de retrabalho, custos com processos ineficientes, custos de eventuais processos nos organismos de defesa do consumidor ou outros fóruns legais,” entre outros. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar, de forma sintética, a contribuição da avaliação externa para o fomento do tema gestão de documentos nos hospitais, bem como apresentar a homogeneidade e heterogeneidade das categorias de documentos requerida por esses. Trata-se de um estudo documental que visa identificar a ocorrência da citação de termos relacionados à estrutura documental de um sistema de gestão da qualidade, sob a óptica dos modelos de avaliação externa estudados. Destaca-se como ponto forte um conjunto de documentos comum aos três modelos de avaliação estudados.
Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Polymorphisms in Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Abdel Ghany Eman Abdel Ghany , Hussain Nouran Fahmy , Botros Shahira Kamal Anis 
Published: May 2016

Background Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a polymorphic superfamily of multifunctional enzymes known to play an important role in the detoxification of several substances. GSTM1 and GSTT1 are present in the liver in relatively high levels. Polymorphisms of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes may affect ligandin functions that are important in bilirubin transportation. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the role of GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms as risk factors for neonatal jaundice. Methods This study was conducted on 72 neonates with pathologic hyperbilirubinemia (bilirubin >15 mg/dL) and 112 neonates with bilirubin level less than 15 mg/dL as a control group. GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes were assessed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Results GSTM1 null genotype was significantly higher in the patient compared with control groups ( P = 0.005; odds ratio = 2.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.29–4.55) and was significantly associated with higher bilirubin levels compared with the wild genotype ( P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the GSTT1 genotypes between the patient and the control groups. In the patient group, total bilirubin levels did not vary significantly among the null and wild GSTT1 genotypes ( P = 0.108). Conclusions Neonates with the GSTM1 null genotype are at high risk to develop pathologic hyperbilirubinemia and may have higher bilirubin levels.