bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geochemical Evolution and Leachate Transport Beneath Two Carcass Burial Sites: A Field Investigation
Authors: Pratt Dyan L. , Fonstad Terrance A. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract. This study presents the first complete investigation using soil coring to evaluate the geochemical evolution of leachate plumes beneath existing livestock burial sites. The objective of the study was to broaden our understanding and provide evidence-based resources for minimizing the environmental impacts of mass-mortality carcass burial. Pre-existing livestock burial sites were selected for a detailed analysis of contaminant transport beneath and surrounding the sites in an attempt to determine the risk to soil and groundwater. This analysis entailed soil coring at the site along with specific ion and solution extraction analyses on the soil cores to provide detailed 2-D images of leachate movement around and below the burial sites. The first site, near Pierceland, Saskatchewan, was used in 2001 to bury euthanized elk potentially suffering from chronic wasting disease (CWD). The soil cores were taken seven years post-burial, and the extent of leachate transport, upon analysis of the soil cores, was 1 to 1.5 m of vertical transport of anions (Cl, alkalinity), as well as some cations arising from ion exchange reactions (Ca and Mg). Ammonium ions were attenuated near the bottom and in the first meter beneath the bottom of the trench. There was no indication of lateral movement of ions at this site. The second site, near McLean, Saskatchewan, was used in 1952 to bury carcasses of culled livestock during an emergency depopulation effort for disease control measures during Canada’s only outbreak of foot and mouth disease. This site was cored nearly 60 years post-burial and demonstrated that vertical leachate movement was relatively slow over the 60 years, with movement of up to 1 to 2 m. Due to the presence of sand lenses in and around the burial pit, horizontal movement of up to 10 m of anions, such as Cl and bicarbonate, was discovered. Ammonium ions were indicated within the confines of the burial pit and in the soil immediately surrounding the pit. Both sites demonstrated plume characteristics consistent with previous geochemical models, and both showed little impact to the immediate surrounding environment. This would appear to indicate that the burial site selection characteristics were appropriately determined and that many parts of Saskatchewan are suitable for mass quantities of livestock carcass burial in the event of catastrophic events such as disease outbreaks or natural disasters. Keywords: Carcass leachate, Contaminant transport, Groundwater, Livestock burial, Mortality, Site investigation, Soil.
‘Authenticity’ as Intermediary: Contested Memories of the Mughal Fort of Old Delhi
Authors: Waraich Saleema 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This article traces the contested symbolic values of the Red Fort (Lal Qila) of Delhi. Specifically, it queries the ways in which politically bound memories of the site negotiated a Mughal-Muslim past and constructions of a national identity in the 1990s and 2000s. As examined here, these negotiations were made manifest in conservation practices at the site, the criticisms and debates that ensued, and competing claims over what constitutes an ‘authentic’ representation of the site, thus speaking to a collision of attitudes and approaches to conserving India’s Mughal heritage and envisaging India’s ambitions and identity.
Exhibition Reviews
Authors: Amygdalou Kalliopi , Caskey Jill , Derderian Elizabeth 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Thomas Hope: Drawings of Ottoman Istanbul, Benaki Museum of Islamic Art, Athens, Greece, March 24–September 25, 2016 and Anatolian Travels: 19th Century, Arkas Art Center, Izmir, Turkey, September 7–December 18, 2016
SYRIA: A LIVING HISTORY, AGA KHAN MUSEUM, TORONTO, OCTOBER 15, 2016–FEBRUARY 26, 2017; EXTENDED TO MARCH 27, 2017
Cairo Now! City Incomplete, Dubai Design Week, d3 Dubai Design District, Dubai, October 24–29, 2016
Because We Can: Globalization and Technology Enabling Iconic Architectural Excesses
Authors: Khan Hasan-Uddin 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
If architecture is an expression of culture, its manifestations tell us something about ourselves, our aspirations, and our desires. But nothing is ever straightforward. Of course, not all architecture was nor is rooted to the land – traditionally some of it expressed the values of the ruling class, be it the grand mosques as expressions of piety or the palaces or corporate office buildings as symbols of power. Iconic images and visual extravagances have always been part of the landscape, from the Taj Mahal to Le Corbusier’s Chapel at Ronchamp to Gehry’s attention-seeking Bilbao Guggenheim Museum. Iconic building has always been part of the visual landscape of the city. And many recent global developments have been enabled and abetted by the consumerist ‘transnational capitalist class’ (TCC). In this process, developers and architects have played a significant role in visualizing the new buildings and cities that serve the TCC. One could argue that in the era of globalization, the relationship between urban economy and urban design seems to be reversed. Urban design has undertaken an enhanced new role as a means of economic development and it is the search for architectural icons that drives the process of architectural design in globalizing cities. The focus on image has reached great heights, abetted by innovations in technology. What has come to be known as the ‘Dubai Effect’ became prevalent at the beginning of the twenty-first century: the need to attract and to create a brand. Architectural publications pander to the new slickness in presenting unusual and visually arresting buildings regardless of their suitability. These increasingly attention-grabbing buildings are forming our perception of the built environment in a cacophony of visual expressions, which makes one wonder in what direction architectural reform is heading.
Explosions and Expulsions in Ottoman Athens: A Heritage Perspective on the Temple of Olympian Zeus
Authors: Cohen Elizabeth 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The recent increased interest in Ottoman studies has resulted in new research groups, publications, conferences, and exhibitions. Nevertheless, the perception and management of imperial legacies and memories in post-Ottoman societies continues to be a problematic process, in no small part because of the lack of dialogue between Ottoman studies (particularly in regards to material culture) and more traditional areas such as regional history, classical studies, and archaeology. This article attempts to bridge these divides by examining how inherited cultural landscapes were imagined and reconstructed in Islamic societies. Here, the example will be Athens, a city that has a long history of being identified primarily by its ‘glorious’ antiquities. By exploring diverse ways of experiencing and perceiving the many-layered memories of this iconic city, this article highlights the need for a reassessment of how Islamic societies imagined the past. It also illustrates that the very model of how we understand cultural heritage studies needs to be redefined.
New names of Typha of Northern Eurasia (Typhaceae)
Authors: Doweld Alexander B. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe nomenclature of some fossil and extant homonyms ofTypha(Typhaceae) is resolved. FossilTypha elongataP.I. Dorofeev 1982, being an illegitimate later homonym of extantTypha elongataPauquy 1834, is renamedT. asiaticanom. nov.Typha sibiricaKrasnova 1987 (extant) is replaced by a new name,T. krasnovaenom. nov., on account of the earlier homonym,T. sibiricaP.I. Dorofeev 1982 (fossil).T. transdnestrovicanom. nov. is proposed to replace the later homonymT. ellipticaNegru 1976 (fossil) nonT. ellipticaGmelin 1808 (extant). Fossil seeds from the Lower Oligocene (Rupelian) of Bembridge (Isle of Wight, U.K.), previously attributed to the fossil-speciesT. latissima, based on leaves, are described as a new fossil-species,T. latissimisperma sp. nov.Typha latissimais neotypified;Typha angustioris lectotypified for the first time.
Revision of Fedekurtzia (pteridosperm) and allied fronds from the Carboniferous of Gondwana
Authors: Coturel Eliana P. , Césari Silvia N. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCarboniferous foliage ofFedekurtzia argentina(Kurtz) Archangelsky from Gondwana is systematically described and revised. The frond is reconstructed based on specimens of the late Serpukhovian–BashkirianNothorhacopteris/Botrychiopsis/Ginkgophyllumflora of western Argentina, especially from the Jejenes, Tupe and Volcán formations. The whole-frond reconstruction emphasizes the variation in pinnule shape throughout the basal, medial and distal sections of the frond. The basalmost rachis possesses cyclopteroid pinnules grading to pinnae with obovate to wedge-shaped pinnules at the medial section of the frond. Distal pinnae are shorter, bearing imbricate and more dissected pinnules. Specimens from the same type locality from whichF. argentinacomes, previously assigned toTriphyllopteris cuyanaLeguizamón & Vega, are reassigned toF. argentina, as well as ovuliferous and microsporangiate structures in organic connection. Two decades ago a revision of the GermanTriphyllopterisgenus rejectedT. cuyanaas representative of the taxon, and the Argentinian specimens remained as indeterminate “triphyllopteroid” fronds. The ovulate organPolycalyxVega & Archangelsky is considered to be in organic connection with vegetative fragments ofF. argentina, and its cupulate character is discussed. Pollen organs represented by multi-forked axes bearing fusiform sporangia ofRinconadiaVega are also in organic attachment and included in theFedekurtzia argentinareconstruction. The pollen or prepollen grains are trilete and with granulate sculpture. The paper presents a comparison withBotrychiopsis weissianaKurtz emend. Archangelsky & Arrondo, which differs in its rounded and entire-margin pinnules. Similar specimens from Australia formerly described asRhacopteris,SphenopteridiumandArchaeopterisand currently included inFedekurtzia intermediaRigby share morphological characters with the Argentinian species. A revision of the Australian material is necessary to confirm synonymy.Fedekurtziabelongs to the pteridosperms based on the reproductive organs and is here assigned to Austrocalyxaceae. Its reconstruction now constitutes one of the most complete seed-ferns known from the Carboniferous of Gondwana.
Three millennia of vegetation and environmental dynamics in the Lagunas de Mojanda region, northern Ecuador
Authors: Villota Andrea , Behling Hermann , León-Yánez Susana 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe pollen record from Lagunas de Mojanda, located at 3748 m a.s.l. (northern Ecuadorian Andes) reflects the vegetation and climate dynamics for the last ca 3400 cal yr BP. Páramo vegetation has been the main vegetation type since the beginning of the record. At Lagunas de Mojanda, from the last ca 3400 to 2200 cal yr BP, grass páramo was well represented mainly by Poaceae (40%) and the occurrence ofValeriana(5%), while montane forest taxa were poorly represented and subpáramo taxa were rare. The vegetation composition suggests cool and humid conditions. Between ca 2200 and ca 1300 cal yr BP, montane rainforest and subpáramo taxa had a higher presence but páramo taxa remained the main vegetation type in the study area, suggesting cool climatic conditions. From ca 1300 to ca 500 cal yr BP, páramo vegetation remained stable, with higher presence ofPhlegmariurusandIsoetes, suggesting cool and humid conditions. The last ca 500 cal yr BP generally show lower frequency of montane rainforest and subpáramo taxa. Páramo vegetation reached the highest share, with the presence of Poaceae,PlantagoandRanunculussuggesting a trend of peat bog drying. Fires were present during the whole record, perhaps human-caused, but the study area does not show great disturbance except from ca 1300 to 500 cal yr BP, a period of an evident higher influx of charcoal particles coincidentally with nearby ancient human occupation.
A new three-dimensional chaotic system with a hidden attractor, circuit design and application in wireless mobile robot
Authors: Vaidyanathan Sundarapandian , Sambas Aceng , Mamat Mustafa , Mada Sanjaya WS 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis research work proposes a new three-dimensional chaotic system with a hidden attractor. The proposed chaotic system consists of only two quadratic nonlinearities and the system possesses no critical points. The phase portraits and basic qualitative properties of the new chaotic system such as Lyapunov exponents and Lyapunov dimension have been described in detail. Finally, we give some engineering applications of the new chaotic system like circuit simulation and control of wireless mobile robot.
High resolution Slovak Bouguer gravity anomaly map and its enhanced derivative transformations: new possibilities for interpretation of anomalous gravity fields
Authors: Pašteka Roman , Zahorec Pavol , Kušnirák David , Bošanský Marián , Papčo Juraj , Szalaiová Viktória , Krajňák Martin , Ivan Marušiak , Mikuška Ján , Bielik Miroslav 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe paper deals with the revision and enrichment of the present gravimetric database of the Slovak Republic. The output of this process is a new version of the complete Bouguer anomaly (CBA) field on our territory. Thanks to the taking into account of more accurate terrain corrections, this field has significantly higher quality and higher resolution capabilities. The excellent features of this map will allow us to re-evaluate and improve the qualitative interpretation of the gravity field when researching the structural and tectonic geology of the Western Carpathian lithosphere. In the contribution we also analyse the field of the newCBAbased on the properties of various transformed fields – in particular the horizontal gradient, which by its local maximums defines important density boundaries in the lateral direction. All original and new transformed maps make a significant contribution to improving the geological interpretation of theCBAfield. Except for the horizontal gradient field, we are also interested in a new special transformation ofTDXAS, which excellently separates various detected anomalies of gravity field and improves their lateral delimitation.
The potential for land use change to reduce flood risk in mid-sized catchments in the Myjava region of Slovakia
Authors: Rončák Peter , Lisovszki Evelin , Szolgay Ján , Hlavčová Kamila , Kohnová Silvia , Csoma Rózsa , Poórová Jana 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe effects of land use management practices on surface runoff are evident on a local scale, but evidence of their impact on the scale of a watershed is limited. This study focuses on an analysis of the impact of land use changes on the flood regime in the Myjava River basin, which is located in Western Slovakia. The Myjava River basin has an area of 641.32 km2and is typified by the formation of fast runoff processes, intensive soil erosion, and muddy floods. The main factors responsible for these problems with flooding and soil erosion are the basin’s location, geology, pedology, agricultural land use, and cropping practices. The GIS-based, spatially distributed WetSpa rainfall-runoff model was used to simulate mean daily discharges in the outlet of the basin as well as the individual components of the water balance. The model was calibrated based on the period between 1997 and 2012 with outstanding results (an NS coefficient of 0.702). Various components of runoff (e.g., surface, interflow and groundwater) and several elements of the hydrological balance (evapotranspiration and soil moisture) were simulated under various land use scenarios. Six land use scenarios (‘crop’, ‘grass’, ‘forest’, ‘slope’, ‘elevation’ and ‘optimal’) were developed. The first three scenarios exhibited the ability of the WetSpa model to simulate runoff under changed land use conditions and enabled a better adjustment of the land use parameters of the model. Three other “more realistic” land use scenarios, which were based on the distribution of land use classes (arable land, grass and forest) regarding permissible slopes in the catchment, confirmed the possibility of reducing surface runoff and maximum discharges with applicable changes in land use and land management. These scenarios represent practical, realistic and realizable land use management solutions and they could be economically implemented to mitigate soil erosion processes and enhance the flood protection measures in the Myjava River basin.
Depth and shape solutions from residual gravity anomalies due to simple geometric structures using a statistical approach
Authors: Abdelrahman El-Sayed , Gobashy Mohamed 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe have developed a simple and fast quantitative method for depth and shape determination from residual gravity anomalies due to simple geometrical bodies (semi-infinite vertical cylinder, horizontal cylinder, and sphere). The method is based on defining the anomaly value at two characteristic points and their corresponding distances on the anomaly profile. Using all possible combinations of the two characteristic points and their corresponding distances, a statistical procedure is developed for automated determination of the best shape and depth parameters of the buried structure from gravity data. A least-squares procedure is also formulated to estimate the amplitude coefficient which is related to the radius and density contrast of the buried structure. The method is applied to synthetic data with and without random errors and tested on two field examples from the USA and Germany. In all cases examined, the estimated depths and shapes are found to be in good agreement with actual values. The present method has the capability of minimizing the effect of random noise in data points to enhance the interpretation of results.
Isomorphism Theorem on Vector Spaces over a Ring
Authors: Futa Yuichi , Shidama Yasunari 
Published: December 2017

Summary
In this article, we formalize in the Mizar system [1, 4] some properties of vector spaces over a ring. We formally prove the first isomorphism theorem of vector spaces over a ring. We also formalize the product space of vector spaces. ℤ-modules are useful for lattice problems such as LLL (Lenstra, Lenstra and Lovász) [5] base reduction algorithm and cryptographic systems [6, 2].
Pell’s Equation
Authors: Acewicz Marcin , Pąk Karol 
Published: December 2017

Summary
In this article we formalize several basic theorems that correspond to Pell’s equation. We focus on two aspects: that the Pell’s equation x
2 − Dy
2 = 1 has infinitely many solutions in positive integers for a given D not being a perfect square, and that based on the least fundamental solution of the equation when we can simply calculate algebraically each remaining solution.
“Solutions to Pell’s Equation” are listed as item #39 from the “Formalizing 100 Theorems” list maintained by Freek Wiedijk at http://www.cs.ru.nl/F.Wiedijk/100/.
Formation of „koon” systems reliability estimated with analytical and simulation calculation methods
Authors: Młynarski Stanisław , Pilch Robert , Smolnik Maksymilian , Szybka Jan , Wiązania Grzegorz 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The methods of reliability estimation applied in order to verify the reliability level of koon systems consisting of renewable objects are presented in the paper. Application of the selected methods allows one to quickly verify the reliability level and to set the number of redundant elements in the real technical systems.
Novel Dynamic Model Updating Technique for Damped Mechanical System
Authors: Sehgal Shankar , Kumar Harmesh 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Response surface method and Derringer’s function approach have been combined together to develop novel structural dynamic model updating technique for a damped mechanical system. Response surface models have been incorporated instead of finite element models, in order to increase computational efficiency of proposed technique. Derringer’s function approach is useful in dealing successfully with multi-objective optimization type model updating problems. Few such undamped techniques have been recently developed for undamped mechanical systems by combining the benefits of response models with Derringer’s function approach. This paper presents the theory and numerical application of a damped updating technique, which is based upon response models and Derringer’s function approach. In this technique, updating process is formulated as an optimization problem, wherein desirability functions are formulated, based on natural frequencies, modal-assurance-criterion values, resonance and anti-resonance points of frequency response functions. Desirability functions are then optimized to evaluate updated elastic parameters in stage one and updated damping constants in stage two of proposed technique. By using this technique, total absolute errors in natural frequencies, modal-assurance-criterion values, elastic parameters and frequency response functions have been reduced to 0.02%, 0.00%, 3.69% and 0.11%, respectively.
Accelerated peatland disappearance in the vicinity of the Konin brown coal strip mine
Authors: Ilnicki Piotr , Górecki Krzysztof , Szczepański Marek 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn the Powidzki Landscape Park, there are 150 peatlands of a total area of 1,250.2 ha. On its edge, brown coal strip mines are in operation, causing deep land drainage that resulted in a drastic (up to 5 m) lowering of the water table in lakes and accelerated peatland disappearance. To determine the extent of the process, a comparison was made of the types of surface soil layers and their ash content in 20 peatlands determined in 1957–1965 and in 2017. They are located in the farmland lying the closest to the strip mine, Jóźwin IIB, and in woodland lying further away. The results were compared with those for a peatland in Skulsk, which was not affected by the negative impact of the strip mine. Fen peat, occurring there about 55 years ago has largely turned into grainy moorsh. In the 20–50 cm layer, an ash content has grown almost twofold, while in part of the peatlands organic soils have changed into mineral and organic-mineral ones. The greatest changes have occurred in the farmland. In all Park peatlands, grasslands have contracted threefold, while the area of forests and woodlands has grown fivefold. Today, about 10% of the peatland area is taken up by arable land of which there was none before.