bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity of Chemical Bonding and Oxidation States in MS4 Molecules of Group 8 Elements
Authors: Huang Wei , Jiang Ning , Schwarz W. H. Eugen , Yang Ping , Li Jun 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe geometric and electronic ground‐state structures of 30 isomers of six MS4 molecules (M=Group 8 metals Fe, Ru, Os, Hs, Sm, and Pu) have been studied by using quantum‐chemical density functional theory and correlated wavefunction approaches. The MS4 species were compared to analogous MO4 species recently investigated (W. Huang, W.‐H. Xu, W. H. E. Schwarz, J. Li, Inorg. Chem. 2016, 55, 4616). A metal oxidation state (MOS) with a high value of eight appeared in the low‐spin singlet Td geometric species (Os,Hs)S4 and (Ru,Os,Hs)O4, whereas a low MOS of two appeared in the high‐spin septet D2d species Fe(S2)2 and (slightly excited) metastable Fe(O2)2. The ground states of all other molecules had intermediate MOS values, with S2−, S22−, S21− (and O2−, O1−, O22−, O21−) ligands bonded by ionic, covalent, and correlative contributions. The known tendencies toward lower MOS on going from oxides to sulfides, from Hs to Os to Ru, and from Pu to Sm, and the specific behavior of Fe, were found to arise from the different atomic orbital energies and radii of the (n−1)p core and (n−1)d and (n−2)f valence shells of the metal atoms in row n of the periodic table. The comparative results of the electronic and geometric structures of the MO4 and MS4 species provides insight into the periodicity of oxidation states and bonding.
Enantioselective dissipation of pyriproxyfen in soils and sand
Authors: Liu Hui , Wang Peng , Zhou Zhiqiang , Liu Donghui 
Published: May 2017

AbstractUnder normal conditions, the environmental behaviors of pesticides are affected by complex environmental factors and the manner of administration together with constraints. In order to meet the actual needs, we imitated the experiment and found that the degradation rate of pyriproxyfen in soils rendered complex changes. Rac‐pyriproxyfen was successfully chiral separated on an AZ‐H column and the residue analysis method was in accord with the demand of pesticide analysis. The results indicated that pyriproxyfen dissipated at a faster rate in Heilongjiang soil and Hainan soil, while at a much slower speed in another three soils and sand. Obvious enantioselective degradation was observed in Hainan soil and Qingdao sand. The results suggested that pyriproxyfen alone had low persistence in soil, but the moisture, soil type, the use of mixture formulation, and second spraying treatment could play important roles in dissipation of pyriproxyfen. Too large and too small moisture content could both make pyriproxyfen persist for a longer period in soil than in soil with 25% moisture content. Residues dissipated much slower after using Ai Qiu, while Shi Dingkang did not have a big effect on degradation, with only a small acceleration effect. Pyriproxyfen also dissipated in Hainan soil with difficulty after the second treatment.
Analytical Geometrical Model of Open Cell Foams with Detailed Description of Strut‐Node Intersection
Authors: Ambrosetti Matteo , Bracconi Mauro , Groppi Gianpiero , Tronconi Enrico 
Published: May 2017

AbstractOpen cell foams are regarded as potential enhanced catalyst carriers due to their high specific surface areas, low pressure drops, and good heat and mass transfer rates. However, it is difficult to evaluate their surface area. An analytical model is proposed, which is derived entirely from geometrical hypotheses and can be applied using different easily accessible input parameters. It can accurately estimate the specific surface and other features of foams for a wide range of porosities. The application of the new model to the reevaluation of published gas/solid mass transfer data is demonstrated.
Molecular profiling as a novel tool to predict response to interferon‐α2 in MPNs: The proof of concept in early myelofibrosis
Authors: Hasselbalch Hans Carl 
Published: May 2017

High‐risk mutations are associated with poor response to interferon‐α2. Early treatment with interferon‐α2 is recommended in patients who have early myelofibrosis without high‐risk mutations.See also pages 2680‐7.
Impact of the timing of hepatitis B virus identification and anti–hepatitis B virus therapy initiation on the risk of adverse liver outcomes for patients receiving cancer therapy
Authors: Hwang Jessica P. , Suarez‐Almazor Maria E. , Cantor Scott B. , Barbo Andrea , Lin Heather Y. , Ahmed Sairah , Chavez‐MacGregor Mariana , Donato‐Santana Christian , Eng Cathy , Ferrajoli Alessandra , Fisch Michael J. , McLaughlin Peter , Simon George R. , Rondon Gabriela , Shpall Elizabeth J. , Lok Anna S. 
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUNDData on the incidence of adverse liver outcomes are limited for cancer patients with chronic (hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg]–positive/hepatitis B core antibody [anti‐HBc]–positive) or past (HBsAg‐negative/anti‐HBc–positive) hepatitis B virus (HBV) after chemotherapy. This study was aimed at determining the impact of test timing and anti‐HBV therapy on adverse liver outcomes in these patients.METHODSPatients with solid or hematologic malignancies who received chemotherapy between 2004 and 2011 were retrospectively studied. HBV testing and anti‐HBV therapy were defined as early at the initiation of cancer therapy and as late after initiation. Outcomes included hepatitis flares, hepatic impairment, liver failure, and death. Time‐to‐event analysis was used to determine incidence, and multivariate hazard models were used to determine predictors of outcomes.RESULTSThere were 18,688 study patients (80.4% with solid tumors). The prevalence of chronic HBV was 1.1% (52 of 4905), and the prevalence of past HBV was 7.1% (350 of 4905). Among patients with solid tumors, late identification of chronic HBV was associated with a higher risk of hepatitis flare (hazard ratio [HR], 4.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26‐12.86), hepatic impairment (HR, 8.48; 95% CI, 1.86‐38.66), liver failure (HR, 9.38; 95% CI, 1.50‐58.86), and death (HR, 3.90; 95% CI, 1.19‐12.83) in comparison with early identification. Among patients with hematologic malignancies and chronic HBV, the risk of death was 7.8 (95% CI, 1.73‐35.27) times higher for persons with late initiation of anti‐HBV therapy versus early initiation. Patients with late identification of chronic HBV had late or no anti‐HBV therapy. Chronic HBV predicted liver failure in patients with solid or hematologic malignancies, whereas male sex and late identification were predictors for patients with solid tumors.CONCLUSIONSEarly identification correlates with early anti‐HBV therapy and reduces the risk of liver failure and death in chronic HBV patients receiving chemotherapy. Cancer 2017;123:3367‐76. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Analysis of tenodesis techniques for treatment of scapholunate instability using the finite element method
Authors: Alonso Rasgado Teresa , Zhang Qinghang , Jimenez Cruz David , Bailey Colin , Pinder Elizabeth , Mandaleson Avanthi , Talwalkar Sumedh 
Published: May 2017

AbstractChronic scapholunate ligament (SL) injury is a common disorder affecting the wrist. Despite advances in surgical techniques used to treat this injury, SL gap re‐emergence may occur postoperatively. This paper presents an investigation into the performance of the Corella, schapolunate axis (SLAM), and modified Brunelli tenodesis (MBT) surgical reconstruction techniques used to treat scapholunate instability. Finite element (FE) models were used to undertake virtual surgery, and the resulting scapholunate (SL) gap and angle obtained using the 3 techniques were compared.The Corella technique was found to achieve the SL gap and angle closest to the intact (ligament) wrist, restoring SL gap and angle to within 5.6% and 0.6%, respectively. The MBT method resulted in an SL gap least close to the intact. The results of our study indicate that the contribution of volar scapholunate interosseous ligament to scapholunate stability could be important.
Environmentally Friendly Recycling of Fuel‐Cell Membrane Electrode Assemblies by Using Ionic Liquids
Authors: Balva Maxime , Legeai Sophie , Leclerc Nathalie , Billy Emmanuel , Meux Eric 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe platinum nanoparticles used as the catalyst in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) represent approximately 46 % of the total price of the cells for a large‐scale production, and this is one of the barriers to their commercialization. Therefore, the recycling of the platinum catalyst could be the best alternative to limit the production costs of PEMFCs. The usual recovery routes for spent catalysts containing platinum are pyro‐hydrometallurgical processes in which a calcination step is followed by aqua regia treatment, and these processes generate fumes and NOx emissions, respectively. The electrochemical recovery route proposed here is more environmentally friendly, performed under “soft” temperature conditions, and does not result in any gas emissions. It consists of the coupling of the electrochemical leaching of platinum in chloride‐based ionic liquids (ILs), followed by its electrodeposition. The leaching of platinum was studied in pure ILs and in ionic‐liquid melts at different temperatures and with different chloride contents. Through the modulation of the composition of the ionic‐liquid melts, it is possible to leach and electrodeposit the platinum from fuel‐cell electrodes in a single‐cell process under an inert or ambient atmosphere.
Toward Long‐Term Stable and Efficient Large‐Area Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Tsai Pei‐Ting , Lin Kuan‐Chu , Wu Cheng‐Yu , Liao Chung‐Hung , Lin Man‐Chun , Wong Ying Qian , Meng Hsin‐Fei , Chang Chih‐Yu , Wang Chien‐Lung , Huang Yi‐Fan , Horng Sheng‐Fu , Zan Hsiao‐Wen , Chao Yu‐Chiang 
Published: May 2017

AbstractHere, we report that long‐term stable and efficient organic solar cells (OSCs) can be obtained through the following strategies: i) combination of rapid‐drying blade‐coating deposition with an appropriate thermal annealing treatment to obtain an optimized morphology of the active layer; ii) insertion of interfacial layers to optimize the interfacial properties. The resulting devices based on poly[4,8‐bis(5‐(2‐ethylhexyl)thiophen‐2‐yl)benzo[1,2‐b;4,5‐b′]dithiophene‐2,6‐diyl‐alt‐(4‐(2‐ethylhexyl)‐3‐fluorothieno[3,4‐b]thiophene‐2‐carboxylate‐2,6‐diyl)] (PBDTTT‐EFT):[6,6]‐phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) blend as the active layer exhibits a power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 9.57 %, which represents the highest efficiency ever reported for blade‐coated OSCs. Importantly, the conventional structure devices based on poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT):phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blend can retain approximately 65 % of their initial PCE for almost 2 years under operating conditions, which is the best result ever reported for long‐term stable OSCs under operational conditions. More encouragingly, long‐term stable large‐area OSCs (active area=216 cm2) based on P3HT:PCBM blend are also demonstrated. Our findings represent an important step toward the development of large‐area OSCs with high performance and long‐term stability.
MC–CDMA receiver design using recurrent neural networks for eliminating multiple access interference and nonlinear distortion
Authors: C.V. Ravi Kumar , Bagadi Kala Praveen 
Published: May 2017

SummaryMulticarrier code division multiple access (MC–CDMA) is a promising wireless communication technology with high spectral efficiency and system performance. However, all multiple access techniques including MC–CDMA were most likely to have multiple access interference (MAI). So this paper mainly aims at designing a suitable receiver for MC–CDMA system to mitigate such MAI. The classical receivers like maximal ratio combining, minimum mean square error, and iterative block–decision feedback equalization fail to cancel MAI when the MC–CDMA is subjected to severe nonlinear distortions, which may occur due to saturated power amplifiers or arbitrary channel conditions. Being highly nonlinear structures, the neural network receivers such as multilayer perceptron and recurrent neural network could be better alternative for such a case. The feasibility, efficiency, and effectiveness of the proposed neural network receiver are studied thoroughly for MC–CDMA system under different nonlinear conditions.
Winter is coming: Food web structure and seasonality in a subtropical freshwater coastal lake
Authors: Peralta‐Maraver Ignacio , Robertson Anne L. , Rezende Enrico L. , Lemes da Silva Aurea Luiza , Tonetta Denise , Lopes Michelle , Schmitt Rafael , Leite Nei K. , Nuñer Alex , Petrucio Mauricio M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractFood web studies provide a useful tool to assess the organization and complexity of natural communities. Nevertheless, the seasonal dynamics of food web properties, their environmental correlates, and potential association with community diversity and stability remain poorly studied. Here, we condensed an incomplete 6‐year community dataset of a subtropical coastal lake to examine how monthly variation in diversity impacts food web structure over an idealized time series for an averaged year. Phytoplankton, zooplankton, macroinvertebrates, and fish were mostly resolved to species level (n = 120 trophospecies). Our results showed that the seasonal organization of the food web could be aggregated into two clusters of months grouped here as ‘summer’ and ‘winter’. During ‘winter’, the food web decreases in size and complexity, with the number of trophospecies dropping from 106 to 82 (a 22.6% decrease in the number of nodes) and the trophic interactions from 1,049 to 637 between month extremes (a 39.3% drop in the number of links). The observed simplification in food web structure during ‘winter’ suggests that community stability is more vulnerable to the impact of any change during this period.
Improving oxidative stability of liquid fish oil supplements for pets
Authors: Thomsen Birgitte Raagaard , Griinari Mikko , Jacobsen Charlotte 
Published: May 2017

Omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have produced beneficial health effects in animals and are recommended by veterinaries to pet patients suffering from osteoarthritis. However, these oils are highly susceptible to lipid oxidation. The objectives of this study were to improve oxidative stability of fish oil by adding vegetable oils, mixed tocopherols and rosemary extract, and to formulate a commercial product according to the results obtained. The formulated product was evaluated against commercial fish oil products. An initial screening for antioxidative effect was performed by using Oxipres equipment. The effect of antioxidant and vegetable oil blends was examined in oils stored at 30 and 40°C by measuring peroxide value, volatile compounds with GC‐MS and tocopherol content. Addition of vegetable oil and rosemary extract at high level (4000–6000 ppm) plus 600 ppm of mixed tocopherols increased oxidative stability to the same extent as 2000 ppm mixed tocopherols in Oxipres. Overall, oxidative stability of fish oil or fish oil + vegetable oil blends was improved the most by addition of 5000 ppm rosemary extract and 500 ppm mixed tocopherols. A commercial oil blend with composition optimized based on the results of this study performed better than other commercial marine oils tested.Practical applications: In some commercial oil blends for pets, a high level of vegetable oils is included in order to increase oxidative stability. In this study, vegetable oils are included at 30% level. At this level of vegetable oil inclusion, the omega‐3 EPA and DHA content of the blends is at least 21% of total fatty acids for both fish and tuna oil based blends. In this study we wanted to examine, whether we could reduce the level of vegetable oil inclusion without compromising oxidative stability. This study demonstrates how the oxidative stability of omega‐3 PUFA formulations for pets can be improved by combining fish oil with vegetable oils and by adding an antioxidant blend consisting of high concentrations of rosemary extract and tocopherol. The results are also of relevance to the manufacturers of dietary supplements.
Time lapse structure‐from‐motion photogrammetry for continuous geomorphic monitoring
Authors: Eltner Anette , Kaiser Andreas , Abellan Antonio , Schindewolf Marcus 
Published: May 2017

AbstractRecent advances are made in earth surface reconstruction with high spatial resolution due to SfM photogrammetry. High flexibility of data acquisition and high potential of process automation allows for a significant increase of the temporal resolution, as well, which is especially interesting to assess geomorphic changes. Two case studies are presented where 4D reconstruction is performed to study soil surface changes at 15 seconds intervals: (a) a thunderstorm event is captured at field scale and (b) a rainfall simulation is observed at plot scale. A workflow is introduced for automatic data acquisition and processing including the following approach: data collection, camera calibration and subsequent image correction, template matching to automatically identify ground control points in each image to account for camera movements, 3D reconstruction of each acquisition interval, and finally applying temporal filtering to the resulting surface change models to correct random noise and to increase the reliability of the measurement of signals of change with low intensity. Results reveal surface change detection with cm‐ to mm‐accuracy. Significant soil changes are measured during the events. Ripple and pool sequences become obvious in both case studies. Additionally, roughness changes and hydrostatic effects are apparent along the temporal domain at the plot scale. 4D monitoring with time‐lapse SfM photogrammetry enables new insights into geomorphic processes due to a significant increase of temporal resolution. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reduced gliotransmitter release from astrocytes mediates tau‐induced synaptic dysfunction in cultured hippocampal neurons
Authors: Piacentini Roberto , Li Puma Domenica Donatella , Mainardi Marco , Lazzarino Giacomo , Tavazzi Barbara , Arancio Ottavio , Grassi Claudio 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTau is a microtubule‐associated protein exerting several physiological functions in neurons. In Alzheimer's disease (AD) misfolded tau accumulates intraneuronally and leads to axonal degeneration. However, tau has also been found in the extracellular medium. Recent studies indicated that extracellular tau uploaded from neurons causes synaptic dysfunction and contributes to tau pathology propagation. Here we report novel evidence that extracellular tau oligomers are abundantly and rapidly accumulated in astrocytes where they disrupt intracellular Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+‐dependent release of gliotransmitters, especially ATP. Consequently, synaptic vesicle release, the expression of pre‐ and postsynaptic proteins, and mEPSC frequency and amplitude were reduced in neighboring neurons. Notably, we found that tau uploading from astrocytes required the amyloid precursor protein, APP. Collectively, our findings suggests that astrocytes play a critical role in the synaptotoxic effects of tau via reduced gliotransmitter availability, and that astrocytes are major determinants of tau pathology in AD.
Is there a potential of misuse for Magnolia officinalis compounds/metabolites?
Authors: Schifano Fabrizio , Guarino Valentina , Papanti Duccio G. , Baccarin Jacopo , Orsolini Laura , Corkery John M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractObjectiveMagnolia bark contains magnolol, metabolized to tetrahydromagnolol and honokiol, with both GABA‐ergic/cannabimimetic activities, hence of possible attraction to vulnerable individuals/recreational misusers.MethodsA literature review, assessment of related anecdotal online Magnolia misuse's reports and an overview of Magnolia products' online acquisition possibilities has been here described.ResultsNo peer‐reviewed papers about Magnolia abuse/misuse/dependence/addiction were identified. Conversely, from a range of websites emerged potentially 3 groups of Magnolia misusers: (a) subjects with a psychiatric history already treated with benzodiazepines, being attracted to Magnolia bark as a “natural sedative”; (b) polydrug misusers, ingesting Magnolia with a range of other herbs/plants, attracted by the GABA‐ergic/cannabimimetic activities; (c) subjects naive to the misusing drugs' scenario, perceiving Magnolia as a natural dietary supplement/weight‐control compound.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper commenting on the possible Magnolia derivatives' potential of misuse. Magnolia's recent increase in popularity, mainly as a sedative, may be arguably due to its peculiar pharmacological properties/acceptable affordability levels/virtually worldwide favorable legal status and customers' attraction to a product being perceived as “natural” and hence somehow “safe.” Future/potent/synthetic magnolol and honokiol structural analogues could however contribute to increasing the number of synthetic GABA‐ergic/cannabimimetic misusing compounds.
An Efficient DWT and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Based Multimodality Medical Image Fusion
Authors: Soundrapandiyan Rajkumar , Karuppiah Marimuthu , Kumari Saru , Kumar Tyagi Sanjay , Wu Fan , Jung Ki‐Hyun 
Published: May 2017

AbstractImage fusion aims to integrate complementary information from multiple modalities into a single image with none distortion and loss of data. Image fusion is important in medical imaging, specifically for the purpose of detecting the tumor and identification of diseases. In this article, completely unique discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) based fusion method (DWT‐IFS) is proposed. For fusion, initially, all source images are fused using DWT with the average, maximum, and entropy fusion rules. Besides, on the fused image IFS is applied. In the IFS process images are converted into intuitionistic fuzzy images (IFIs) by selecting an optimum value for the parameter in membership, non‐membership, and hesitation degree function using entropy. Then, the resulting IFIs are decomposed into the blocks, and the corresponding blocks of the images are fused using the intersection and union operations of IFS. The efficiency of the proposed DWT‐IFS fusion method is recognized by examining it with other existing methods, such as Averaging (AVG), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Laplacian Pyramid Approach (LPA), Contrast Pyramid Approach (CPA), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Morphological Pyramid Approach (MPA), Redundancy Discrete Wavelet Transform (RDWT), Contourlet Transform (CONTRA), and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set (IFS) using subjective and objective performance evaluation measures. The experimental results reveal that the proposed DWT‐IFS fusion method provides higher quality of information in terms of physical properties and contrast as compared to the existing methods.