bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fundamental study on performances of fiber-superconducting composite CORC cable: electromagnetic, thermal, mechanical and quench behaviors
Authors: Hu Zhitao , Jiang Junjie , Sheng Jie , Jin Zhijian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Common terminal voltage measurement can be hardly applied to detect quenches in long high temperature superconducting (HTS) conductor on round core (CORC) cable because not only the HTS normal zone propagation velocity (NZPV) is low but also immobilizing a large number of voltage leads is inconvenient. Distributed optical fiber sensing (DOFS) technology is a promising method for quench detection of long superconductors. To sense the thermal changes of CORC cables during quenches more directly and prevent optical fibers from damages by external stress, a fiber-superconducting composite (FSC) CORC cable was fabricated. For this cable, three optical fibers were placed in three grooves of the copper core respectively, then three HTS tapes were spirally wound on the copper core in sequence. Comparing to a traditional CORC cable, obviously, the FSC CORC cable structure has been changed. To promote FSC CORC cable engineering applications, it is necessary to study the fundamental performance of the cable. In this paper, we investigated the electromagnetic, thermal and mechanical properties of the FSC CORC cable by comparing those with a common one. The results demonstrated that, compared to the common one, the magnetic distribution of the FSC CORC cable hardly changed, but the current distribution of the copper core in the FSC CORC cable slightly changed which led to decreases of transport AC loss, in addition, the thermal characteristics of the FSC CORC cable was slightly changed and the bending tolerance ability of the cables reduced within a bending diameter range of 15 cm. What’s more, the embedded optical fibers combined with DOFS system are successfully used to detect the temperature changes of the cable surface. Finally, to study the quench behaviors of the cable, we built a quench detection platform, which equips with a voltage acquisition system, a thermocouple temperature acquisition system and the DOFS system. By using the platform to detect the quenches of the FSC CORC cable, minimum quench energy of the cable and NZPV of the tape and cable at different currents was tested.
Momentum distributions of symmetric (

H
2
+

) and asymmetric (HeH2+) molecular ions in a circularly polarized laser field under different ionization mechanisms
Authors: Hao 郝 Xin-Yu 欣宇 , Yan 闫 Shu-Juan 淑娟 , Guo 郭 Ying 颖 , Guo 郭 Jing 静 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
By numerically solving the two-dimensional (2D) time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE), we present photoelectron momentum distributions (PMDs) and photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) of symmetric (

H
2
+

) and asymmetric (HeH2+) molecular ions in circularly polarized (CP) laser pulses. By adjusting the laser wavelength, two circumstances of resonance excitation and direct ionization were considered. The ionization mechanism of the resonance excitation was mainly investigated. The results show that the PMDs of

H
2
+

and HeH2+ in the y-direction gradually increase with increasing intensity, and the number of PMDs lobes is in good agreement with the results predicted by the ultrafast ionization model. In the resonance excitation scenario, the PMDs of

H
2
+

are dominated by two-photon ionization, whereas the PMDs of HeH2+ are dominated by three-photon ionization. Furthermore, the PMDs of HeH2+ are stronger in the resonance excitation scenario than those of

H
2
+

, which can be explained by the time-dependent population of electrons. In addition, the molecular structure is clearly imprinted onto the PMDs.
Simulations of the stationary Q = 10 and the exit phase from the flat-top of an ITER 15MA baseline scenario: predictive JINTRAC simulation with a consistent treatment of D and T in the whole plasma
Authors: Eriksson F. , Tholerus E. , Corrigan G. , Baranov Y. , Bonnin X. , Farina D. , Figini L. , Garzotti L. , Kim S.H. , Koechl F. , Loarte A. , Militello Asp E. , Olde C. , Parail V. , Pinches S.D. , Polevoi A. , Strand P. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Designing a robust termination scenario for a burning ITER plasma is a challenge that requires extensive core plasma and divertor modelling. The presented work consists of coupled core/edge/SOL/divertor simulations, performed with the JINTRAC code, to study the Q = 10 flat-top phase and exit phase of the ITER 15 MA/5.3 T DT scenario. The modelling utilizes the recently implemented option to treat deuterium and tritium separately in the SOL/divertor, enabling a consistent treatment of deuterium and tritium in the whole plasma volume, which is a unique capability of JINTRAC. In addition, these are the first JINTRAC simulations of this scenario that use a first-principles transport model to self-consistently model the ECRH power deposition and to include tungsten while keeping track of tungsten sputtering and accumulation. The flat-top simulations demonstrate the possibility of sustaining a steady state fusion Q of 10 using pure deuterium gas puffs together with DT mixed pellets, which is an option to make a more effective use of tritium. Simulations of the exit phase are set up sequentially, with each phase providing initial conditions for the next, starting with a density decay at full current and auxiliary power, and demonstrate the possibility of reducing the density robustly within a few seconds. Following the density decay, a subsequent auxiliary power ramp-down in H-mode is performed with a late H–L transition at low auxiliary power, which may provide an option for the optimization of the plasma termination. The final ramp-down phase consists of a current ramp-down in L-mode to 3.75 MA.
CO2 emission heat map of Gulf Cooperation Council region using Python for Geographic Information Systems
Authors: Deshmukh Amol Ganesh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
As part of the efforts to ensure a place in the global competitive landscape, Oman is aligning itself with sustainable development through diversified economic measures. To address the United Nations thirteenth Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) which is climate action, the stakeholders of Oman need to understand the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and compare the amount of CO2 with the emissions in neighbouring Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries such as United Arab Emirates (UAE), Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). In this research, an attempt is being made to collect the CO2 emission for all these countries and show them on a web map using python programming language. The data ranging from year 1964 to 2021 is collected from CO2 and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Comma Separated Values (csv) format. For each country, an approximate location for Capital in terms of Latitude and Longitude is taken from google maps. Using folium library of python, these locations and CO2 emission for a particular year is plotted on google map Application Programming Interface (API). The findings reveal that Oman’s CO2 emissions from fossil fuels and industry in 2022 year is 72 million tonnes which is relatively lower when compared to those of smaller GCC countries such as Qatar (101 million tonnes) and the UAE (244 million tonnes). Nonetheless, a gradual upward trend of 12 million tonnes of CO2 emissions has been observed in Oman between the years 2019 to 2022. The python program provides an easy way to visualise the CO2 emission heatmap without the need of any proprietary software or program.
Nexus approach: Valorising underrated lignocellulosic waste biomass through conjugated magnetic nanoparticles for thermal energy storage facilities
Authors: Tony Maha A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Converting waste to a value-added material is a fortune. At the meantime highlighting the utilization of renewable solar energy as an inconsumable energy cradle is a future prospect to overcome the energy shortage and crisis. In this regard, storing the solar energy for the use at the off-sun periods is essential. Introducing sawdust waste for thermal energy storage system is a ecological chance. Treated sawdust was mixed with the environmentally benign magnetite to be a composite and mixed with technical grade paraffin base PCM. The composite was characterized through X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy, TEM analysis and Scanning Electron Microscope, SEM (augmented with Dispersive X-Ray Analysis, EDX). Micrographs and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) exhibited that the prepared composite substance is well prepared. The sawdust is subjected to the PCM system in various mass % ranged from 0.5 to 4%. Subsequently, the thermal system outline is presented and compared. The experimental data revealed that the addition of 2.0 weight percentage of the PCM of composite material showed the superior system performance. The system is achieved a heat gained reached to 82 kJ/min in comparison to 7 kJ/min for the 2.0% WCM-PCM and pristine PCM, respectively. Thereby, the current investigation is introducing the waste sawdust as an energy storage enhancement system that could be applied in heating application systems.
UIO-66 (Zr)-Metal Organic Frameworks for oil orange SS adsorption from aqueous effluent towards eco-friendly wastewater management
Authors: Monir Safa H , El-Sayed Ibrahim E.T. , Abdel-Bary Hamed M. , Abou-Elyazed Ahmed S. , Tony MA. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Wastewater treatment is essential for efficient removal of harmful substances such as dyes and organic contaminants from aqueous streams. In this regard, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are introduced by academia owing to their superior properties that including efficient adsorbents as well as reliable semi-permeability. Thus, such characteristics are making them attractive for wastewater treatment applications. The experimental results revealed that the modified MOF structures namely, UIO-66 (Zr) possess a superior adsorption capacity for orange SS dye. The influence of pH value, the temperature, adsorption isotherm time, initial pollutant load, as well as coexisting ions is highlighted. Initially, 30-minutes of reaction contact time is monitored as the isotherm time. The experimental results demonstrate a maximum dye removal efficiency of 100% and an adsorption capacity of 2062.175 mg/g is investigated. Such outcomes confirm the efficient adsorption capacity of UIO-66 (Zr) based MOF material for dye elimination.
Metal-Organic Frameworks (MIL-100 (Fe)) for commercial reactive dye effluent oxidation
Authors: Genena Eman E. , El-Sayed Ibrahim E.T. , Abou-Elyazed Ahmed S. , Abdel-Bary Hamed M. , Abdelbaset Maha 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Urgent calls for scientists’ contributions towards saving eco-system from toxic deterioration. Such ever increasing urgency is leading the researchers for searching for ever greening technologies such as advanced oxidation processes for aqueous effluent elimination. This current investigation is leading to investigate the metal organic frameworks, role, MIL-100(Fe) that is prepared from reacting H3BTC and ferric nitrate nona hydrate Also, Scanning electron microscopy is applied to set the surface shape of the synthesized substance. Subsequently, the prepared MIL-100(Fe) is used to oxidize Procion Blue MX-7RX in aqueous solution as a model textile wastewater effluent. The catalyst is applying in Fenton’s oxidation system and operating parameters that affecting the system is evaluated. The experimental results revealed that 40 and 800 mgL−1 for MIL-100(Fe) and hydrogen peroxide, respectively at pH 3.0 that is leading to a complete dye removal (100%). Furthermore, the dye loading affects the reaction rate since its increase reduces the removal efficacy. Finally, thermodynamic parameters and kinetics of the reaction is evaluated for the scale-up purposes for real applications.
Using Eco-Friendly Nano-Polymers in Industrial Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Mohamed Nada Yahia , Reda Ehssan Mohamed , AlHameed Yasser Ibrahim Abd , AbdEl-Moneim Nabil Mahmoud 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The major target of this research is to synthesize an eco-friendly coagulant, based on a biomaterial (potato starch) that contribute in industrial wastewater treatment. From this work an eco-friendly nano-polymer was produced from potato starch. Successfully not only the potatoes were used, but also the potato peel, which has an economic impact on reducing the amount of water wasted in planting such an important crop as the potatoes all over the world. Because of increasing the need for food production and changing the dietary pattern, the development of potato industry has become the first among all food crops in most of the countries. As a result potato starch became the most popular type among the polysaccharides. To achieve this, the experimental work started by extracting the starch from the potato and potato waste (peels). In order to enhance the potato starch characteristics, the synthesis of starch nano-particles (StNPs) was conducted by gelatinization using a mixture of sodium hydroxide along with glycerol in aqueous medium throughout the reaction process, while settling down the StNPs which was done by homogenization at ambient temperature. Characterization was done on both native potato starch and starch nano-particles using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). The second part of the experimental work is to test the eco-friendly starch nano-particles (starch-based coagulants) in industrial wastewater treatment, and to evaluate its effectiveness as a coagulant against the most commonly used synthetic polymer (PolyDADMAC) playing the same roll in industry and whether it can really replace it or not.
Investigation of the gamma ray shielding properties of Epoxy based on Bi2O3/GO nanocomposite
Authors: Khalil Waleed F. , Mubarak Fawzia , Agha Ahmed , Zaky R. S. , Kamel Fatma A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
One of the important carbon materials, graphene oxide (GO), has several oxygen-containing functional groups. Due to its unique structure, it has attracted increasing interest in multidisciplinary studies of physical and chemical attributes. In this work, Bismuth Oxide nanoparticles (Bi2O3) is prepared and functionalized with graphene oxide nanosheets (Bi2O3-GO). The Bi2O3 and Bi2O3-GO nanocomposite were mixed with epoxy by changing the percentages to 1%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10%. The study used a hyper-pure germanium detector to investigate the attenuation characteristics of the prepared samples. Ba133, Cs137, and Co60 point sources were used at photon energies of 81, 276, 302, 356, and 383 keV for Ba133, 661 keV for Cs137, and 1173 and 1332 keV for Co60. The linear attenuation coefficient, mass attenuation coefficient, half-value layer, and tenth-value layer were estimated to investigate the radiation shielding characteristics of the prepared samples. The linear attenuation coefficient (μ) values varied from 0.45 to 0.88, 0.23 to 0.89, and 0.31 to 0.77 for Ba133, Cs137, and Co60, respectively. The mass attenuation coefficient (μm) values varied from 0.18 to 0.50, 0.19 to 0.50, and 0.15 to 0.50 for Ba133, Cs137, and Co60, respectively. Half-value layer (HVL) values varied from 0.79 to 1.55, 0.78 to 3.07, and 0.9 to 2.26 for Ba133, Cs137, and Co60, respectively. Tenth-value layer (TVL) values varied from 2.61 to 5.16, 2.58 to 10.19, and 2.98 to 7.51 for Ba133, Cs137, and Co60, respectively.
Quantifying the Natural Radioactivity and Assessing the Radiation Risks in Different Rock Types at Wadi Nassib Area
Authors: Yousef Hesham A. , Ibrahim M. A. , Elsobky T. I. , Kawady N. A. , Alshami A. , El Feky M. G. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Wadi Nassib, Egypt, has significantly higher natural radiation levels compared to global averages, particularly in uranium, thorium, radium, and potassium. This raises concerns for resident health due to potential radiation exposure. The study suggests these elements may have different origins and emphasizes the need for monitoring and managing such elevated natural radioactivity.
Microcontroller-based track axle counter system design
Authors: Chang Shuwen , Yan Shubin , Chen Zhanbo , Ren Yifeng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Axle counting technology is an extremely important part of many aspects in ensuring the safety of railroad operation. Axle counting equipment is set up on the railroad tracks, and through the operation of sensors, it detects the trains that drive into the train operating area where the axle counting equipment is arranged. A common axle counting system uses a detection device that utilizes a wheel sensor that senses the movement of the wheel cutting through magnetic lines of inductance causing a change in the magnetic field within the zone. This paper introduces a track axle counter system, the system will be a microcontroller as the core, the use of ultrasonic detection in the train interval of the train wheel distance changes, instead of the existing axle counting system using wheel sensors to sense the electromagnetic signals generated by the wheels, to achieve the axle counting and counting function, so as to determine the track occupancy.
New energy urban rail vehicle hybrid energy storage control system
Authors: Yan Zhaokun , Yan Shubin , Huang Biyi , Wu Taiquan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
With the increasing demand for urban transportation and the gradual strengthening of environmental protection awareness, new energy urban rail transportation has gradually become the future trend of urban development. The hybrid energy storage system is one of the key technologies to achieve the goals of energy saving and emission reduction of new urban rail vehicles, improving operation efficiency and comfort. In the traction stage of urban rail vehicles, the energy storage unit composed of lithium batteries and supercapacitors is jointly supplied with the power grid. In the braking stage, the energy storage unit composed of lithium batteries and supercapacitors is a common way for urban rail vehicles to recover energy. This study validates the efficacy of employing fuzzy control methodology to enhance the performance of the energy storage system. The experimental results show that the fuzzy control method can better balance the load distribution between lithium batteries and supercapacitors, thus extending their service life and improving the overall system performance. Based on the SOC energy management strategy of supercapacitors, urban rail vehicle power is allocated to supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries via a low-pass filter. System power is adjusted based on supercapacitor SOC, determining capacitor charging/discharging states and suppressing system output power.
Improved Lightweight YOLOv5 Algorithm for Detecting Grid Inspection Object
Authors: Liu Huaqi , You Wenbin , Ding Yonghong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the field of unmanned aerial vehicle-based transmission line inspection, the neural network models currently employed suffer from large model sizes and high computational requirements, resulting in a trade-off between detection speed and accuracy. We propose an improved lightweight YOLOv5 object detection algorithm based on channel pruning to address this issue. The approach incorporates the SimAM attention mechanism into the backbone network to enhance feature extraction capability without increasing computational complexity, thereby improving detection accuracy. Traditional convolutional modules in the neck network are replaced with GSconv modules to reduce convolutional computation and enhance detection speed. The Wise-IoU loss is utilized as the localization loss for the detection model, speeding up model convergence. Finally, a model compression technique is implemented to eliminate unnecessary channels within the network, resulting in a decrease in model size and a boost in detection speed. Experimental results on a constructed grid inspection dataset demonstrate that the improved model achieves a 72.1% reduction in model size, a 62.5% reduction in GFLOPs, a 5.9 FPS improvement, and a 0.3% mAP increase compared to the original YOLOv5. These findings underscore the advantages of the improved lightweight YOLOv5 object detection algorithm, offering a blend of heightened accuracy, streamlined size, and swift detection capabilities.
Pressure-tuned many-body phases through

Γ

-K valleytronics in moiré bilayer WSe2
Authors: Brzezińska Marta , Grytsiuk Sergii , Rösner Malte , Gibertini Marco , Rademaker Louk 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Recent experiments in twisted bilayer transition-metal dichalcogenides have revealed a variety of strongly correlated phenomena. To theoretically explore their origin, we combine here ab initio calculations with correlated model approaches to describe and study many-body effects in twisted bilayer WSe2 under pressure. We find that the interlayer distance is a key factor for the electronic structure, as it tunes the relative energetic positions between the K and the Γ valleys of the valence band maximum of the untwisted bilayer. As a result, applying uniaxial pressure to a twisted bilayer induces a charge-transfer from the K valley to the flat bands in the Γ valley. Upon Wannierizing moiré bands from both valleys, we establish the relevant tight-binding model parameters and calculate the effective interaction strengths using the constrained random phase approximation. With this, we approximate the interacting pressure-doping phase diagram of WSe2 moiré bilayers using self-consistent mean field theory. Our results establish twisted bilayer WSe2 as a platform that allows the direct pressure-tuning of different correlated phases, ranging from Mott insulators, charge-valley-transfer insulators to Kondo lattice-like systems.
On Theocratic Criminal Law
Authors: Khodadadi Bahman 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
On Theocratic Criminal Law explores the roots and structures of the criminal law system of the world’s most prominent constitutional theocracy, the Islamic Republic of Iran. While discussing the processes of forced de-westernization and de-modernization which occurred in the wake of the Islamic Revolution, this work examines how the Islamic conception of civil order and polity has been established within the legal and theological framework of the Iranian Constitution. The book engages in a process of ‘rational reconstruction’ of Iranian theocratic criminal law and offers a critical analysis of the way criminal law functions as the centrepiece of this theocratic mode of political domination. It illuminates how this theocratic, revelation-based, punitive ideology functions, how the current Islamic Penal Code (IPC) mirrors prevailing Shiite jurisprudence, and ultimately, from what sort of fundamental defects theocratic criminal law in Iran is suffering. This work provides a critical assessment of the criminalization and sentencing theories that have stemmed from the shariatization (Islamization) of all law in the wake of the Islamic Revolution of 1979. By embarking upon a typology of punishment in Shiite Islamic jurisprudence and the Iranian Islamic Penal Code, the book then provides a systematic critical analysis of the three types of punishment stipulated in the Iranian Penal Code, namely ta’zir, hadd, and qisas. It also explores the jurisprudential principles and dynamic power of Shiite Islam not only as a driving force behind political and social change but as a force that has been capable of forging a whole theocratic legal system.