bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction aux problèmes de la démographie de la période 1500-1670
Authors: Cabourdin Guy 
Published: March 2016

For the period 1500-1650, the parish records, in spite of gaps in information, do allow for the application of the Fleury-Henry method. The results are valuable, although incomplete, especially for the mortality study. It is therefore necessary to seek out auxillary sources of information (notarial, fiscal, légal documents, etc.) and establish a name file to throw light on the demographic research and to correct for the high degree of name variation.
As far as structures are concerned, three éléments become apparent : the relatively precocious age for first marriages, the high mortality rate and frequency of multiple remarriages.
Caractères originaux de la démographie genevoise du XVIe siècle : structure ou conjoncture
Authors: Perrenoud Alfred , Zumkeller Dominique 
Published: March 2016

Les Anciennes Familles Genevoises étudiées par L. Henry se caractérisent au xvr3 siècle par une nuptialité précoce, survivance selon J. Hajnal d'un modèle archaïque « non européen », et par une fécondité légitime nettement plus faible qu'au siècle suivant. D'un rapide sondage il ressort que la précocité du mariage au XVIe siècle pourrait résulter de facteurs conjoncturels. L'évolution au XVIIe siècle suggère en effet que la mortalité et l'âge au mariage sont en corrélation inverse et que la transition vers le système du mariage tardif ne serait qu'une conséquence de l'effacement progressif des crises. Le rôle de la nuptialité comme mécanisme autorégulateur se voit confirmé dans l'analyse sociale. Le passage au mariage tardif est le fait des classes supérieures et moyennes et pratiquement pas des milieux populaires dont le mariage durant tout le XVIIe siècle reste tardif.
La faible fécondité au XVIe siècle se confirme, comme aussi l'augmentation observée dans la bourgeoisie au cours du XVIIe siècle. Cet accroissement de fécondité légitime en régime prémalthusien qui ne peut s'expliquer par les pratiques d'allaitement, pose le problème des rapports entre fécondité et conjoncture.
Mortalité des hommes et des femmes dans le passé
Authors: Henry Louis 
Published: March 2016

According to Ashley Montagu, females have a more sturdy constitution than males. Edward Shorter defends another argument : prior to the medical progress of this century, woman's health, from the end of infancy to around age 45, was precarious ; added to the risks related to pregnancy and childbirth, this made her prone to early death.
To throw light on the true pattem of female mortality in the past, this paper examines statistics for girls and adolescents on one hand and women of childbearing age on the other. For the latter, maternal mortality was apparently the only cause of excess female mortality. For girls and adolescents, the oldest observations suggest that excess female mortality did not always exist for thèse age-groups, but the fact that the medical and other progress made was initially of less benefit to girls than boys still requires explanation.
Au carrefour des transitions : fécondité, niveau de vie et culture populaire
Authors: Leboutte René 
Published: March 2016

Since the last decade several papers have tried to give a broad picture of the demographic transition process. All of them show a macro-demographic point of view which is very useful to establish the facts and to explore the basic mecanisms. Now micro-demographic analyses at a regional level have to relay them however, in order to pinpoint the deep motivations which brought the populations to modify their fertility pattern during the last 200 years. Among several factors associated with the demographic transition the cultural one (a very unprecise one) is more and more evoked by demographers.
This paper deals with a micro-demographic analysis of the history of the population in the Eastern part of Belgium, called the Basse-Meuse. With the help of quantitative and qualitative data, it tries to give a better understanding of the cultural context in which the demographic changes have taken place. The new demographic pattern appears to be associated with the great economic depression of the years 1870-1890, which created a deep fear of falling back again into the traditional poverty.
In other words, the demographic transition is part of a broader process of societal transition : a shift from a mass-poverty society to a relative mass-abundance society.
Le recensement de la population de 1937 : mensonges et vérité
Authors: Volkov Alexandre 
Published: March 2016

The history of soviet statistic of the 1930ies is without doubt the only example of the history of european statistic having been so catastrophic.
In the most hard period of the USSR's history, official statistic has been the object of repression. The author writes an history of the 1937's census which will be consi dered officialy as defectuous, and of the 1939's census, which has been made after that. He uses the most recently discovered sources. He describes the relations between official statistics and political institutions, and proves how they cannot modify the observations as they would like.
Urbanisation, organisation de l'espace et réseau urbain en Dauphiné aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles
Authors: Favier René 
Published: March 2016

Dauphiné, which was one of the less urbanized province of the realm during the Ancient Régime, régis tred a small growth of its towns during the 18th century, which growth was inferior to the rural world's one. Thus, the urban population's place tended to decrease. Despite some promotions, the hierarchical distribution wasn't called into question. Grenoble's relative decline was certainly accompanied by a greater expansion of smaller towns. However, the changes were never sufficient to affect deeply the ancient démographie balances.
Because of this weak urbanization, a provincial space structured around its urban pôles was difficult to organize. The demographic bassins were still narrow and the relations between the various towns were rare. Only two of them, Vienne and Grenoble, managed to drain regularly a urban immigration flood in their favour. Nevertheless, Grenoble had difficulties to unify the whole Dauphiné's space to its advantage. Facing the centrifugal forces, demographically the town wasn't imposing upon Dauphiné as a real capital.
Dislocation of a dual mobility total hip replacement following fracture of the polyethylene liner
Authors: Guillaumot Pierre , Chancrin Jean-Luc , Vedrine Bertrand 
Published: March 2016

SummaryAn eight-year-old male English Setter was referred for management of a dislocation of a cemented dual mobility canine total hip prosthesis that occurred four months after the initial surgery. Revision surgery showed that the dislocation was associated with fracture of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene liner. The dislocation was successfully reduced after replacing the liner. A dual mobility acetabular component is composed of a mobile polyethylene liner inside a metallic cemented cup. Chronic wear of the components of a canine dual mobility total hip replacement has not been described previously. The use of this type of implant is fairly recent and limited long term follow-up of the implanted cases may be the explanation. Acute rupture of a polyethylene liner has never been described in humans, the only case of rupture of a polyethylene liner occurred 10 years after implantation. The case presented here of rupture of the polyethylene liner of a dual mobility total hip replacement is a hitherto unreported failure mode in this model of acetabular cup in the dog.
Estimation of iron overloads using oral exfoliative cytology in beta-thalassemia major patients
Authors: Leekha Swati , Nayar Amit Kumar , Bakshi Preeti , Sharma Aman , Parhar Swati , Soni Sugandhi 
Published: March 2016

Background:
Iron overload is a medical condition that occurs when too much of the mineral iron builds up inside the body and produces a toxic reaction. Thalassemia is a genetic disorder of hemoglobin synthesis, which requires regular blood transfusion therapy, and the lack of specific excretory pathways for iron in humans leads to iron overload in the body tissues. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. The estimation of iron levels in exfoliated buccal mucosal cells may provide a simple, noninvasive, and a safe procedure for estimating the iron overload by using the Perls’ Prussian blue stain.

Methods:
Smears were obtained from buccal mucosa of 40 randomly selected beta-thalassemia major patients and 40 healthy subjects as controls. Smears were stained with Perls’ Prussian blue method. Blood samples were taken for estimation of serum ferritin levels. Images of smears were analyzed using the software image J software version 1.47v and correlated with serum ferritin.

Results:
Perls’ positivity was observed in 87.5% of thalassemic patients with a positive correlation to serum ferritin levels.

Conclusion:
The use of exfoliative buccal mucosal cells for the evaluation of iron overloads in the body provides us with a diagnostic medium that is noninvasive, easy to collect, store, and transport, cost effective, and above all reliable.
Workforce Development Rhetoric and the Realities of 21st Century Capitalism
Authors: Jacobson Erik 
Published: March 2016

Increasingly, the provision of adult education (including literacy and training programs) is influenced by a rhetoric of workforce development that tasks education with closing a supposed ‘skills gap’ between the skills that workers have and what employers are looking for. This deficit model of education blames adult learners for their own condition, as well as for larger problems in the economy. In addition to arguing for broader goals for adult education, those in the field also need to question the economic premises of this rhetoric. A review of current economic conditions points to fundamental aspects of capitalism as the source of instability, which means that education and training programs have a limited ability to move large numbers of people out of poverty. For this reason, students and teachers in adult education should focus on developing structural analyses of the situation and push for substantive changes in the economy.
Detection of ground fog in mountainous areas from MODIS (Collection 051) daytime data using a statistical approach
Authors: Schulz Hans Martin , Thies Boris , Chang Shih-Chieh , Bendix Jörg 
Published: March 2016

Abstract. The mountain cloud forest of Taiwan can be delimited from other forest types using a map of the ground fog frequency. In order to create such a frequency map from remotely sensed data, an algorithm able to detect ground fog is necessary. Common techniques for ground fog detection based on weather satellite data cannot be applied to fog occurrences in Taiwan as they rely on several assumptions regarding cloud properties. Therefore a new statistical method for the detection of ground fog in mountainous terrain from MODIS Collection 051 data is presented. Due to the sharpening of input data using MODIS bands 1 and 2, the method provides fog masks in a resolution of 250 m per pixel. The new technique is based on negative correlations between optical thickness and terrain height that can be observed if a cloud that is relatively plane-parallel is truncated by the terrain. A validation of the new technique using camera data has shown that the quality of fog detection is comparable to that of another modern fog detection scheme developed and validated for the temperate zones. The method is particularly applicable to optically thinner water clouds. Beyond a cloud optical thickness of  ≈ 40, classification errors significantly increase.
Observations of the atmosphere and surface state over Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica, using unmanned aerial systems
Authors: Cassano John J. , Seefeldt Mark W. , Palo Scott , Knuth Shelley L. , Bradley Alice C. , Herrman Paul D. , Kernebone Peter A. , Logan Nick J. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract. In September 2012 five Aerosonde unmanned aircraft were used to make measurements of the atmospheric state over the Terra Nova Bay polynya, Antarctica, to explore the details of air–sea ice–ocean coupling. A total of 14 flights were completed in September 2012. Ten of the flight missions consisted of two unmanned aerial systems (UAS) sampling the atmosphere over Terra Nova Bay on 5 different days, with one UAS focusing on the downwind evolution of the air mass and a second UAS flying transects roughly perpendicular to the low-level winds. The data from these coordinated UAS flights provide a comprehensive three-dimensional data set of the atmospheric state (air temperature, humidity, pressure, and wind) and surface skin temperature over Terra Nova Bay. The remaining UAS flights during the September 2012 field campaign included two local flights near McMurdo Station for flight testing, a single UAS flight to Terra Nova Bay, and a single UAS flight over the Ross Ice Shelf and Ross Sea polynya. A data set containing the atmospheric and surface data as well as operational aircraft data have been submitted to the United States Antarctic Program Data Coordination Center (USAP-DCC, http://www.usap-data.org/) for free access (http://gcmd.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?NSF-ANT10-43657, doi:10.15784/600125).
Plication for the Treatment of a Radio-Cephalic Fistula with Ulnar Artery Steal
Authors: Ferrante Liborio , Faggioli Gianluca , Pini Rodolfo , D'Amico Rosalinda , Mauro Raffaella , Stella Andrea 
Published: March 2016

Purpose Generally the steal syndrome occurs in proximal arterial-venous fistulas and only exceptionally with distal vascular access because of the high number of arteries supplying the hand. We describe a rare case of steal syndrome of a proximalized distal radio-cephalic fistula stealing from both the radial and ulnar artery through the palmar arch. Methods An 86 year old man was admitted because of a cyanotic, swollen left hand with trophic lesions at the third finger. He had a latero-terminal radio-cephalic fistula performed in 2006 with subsequent proximalization performed four years later after failure of the first one. Duplex ultrasound examination showed a high flow within the fistula (2080 mL/min) and a retrograde perfusion of the radial artery from the ulnar artery through the palmar arch and an angiography excluded stenosis along the radial artery. Results We treated the steal syndrome through a plication technique that was performed with careful flow variations measurement, under duplex evaluation, during the surgical procedure. That procedure was effective to maintain the fistula flow and obtain the symptoms relief. The patient was evaluated the day after the intervention and after 10 weeks. The clinical examination highlighted the resolution of hand ischemia. The Duplex Ultrasound examination showed a lower flow within the fistula (1060 mL/min) and a retrograde perfusion of the radial artery from the ulnar artery through the palmar arch with a three-phase flow. Dialysis access from the fistula was never interrupted from immediately after surgery to the present date. Conclusions Plication is an effective technique for treatment of steal syndrome requiring a short operative time and it is related to satisfying post-operative results
Plastic Cannula use in Hemodialysis Access
Authors: Smith Vicki , Schoch Monica 
Published: March 2016

Introduction Successful cannulation of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or arteriovenous graft (AVG) is an important concept in hemodialysis. Metal needles have been used for cannulation in dialysis for over 50 years. Plastic cannula for dialysis is currently being introduced into Australia. Aims To identify if the implementation of plastic cannula could decrease the amount of miscannulations and adverse events in AVFs at first cannulation. Methods Train all staff in the Barwon Health renal department in the new technique of plastic cannula insertion and implement a new protocol for cannulation of AVFs in the first two weeks of dialysis. Results The training process took 12 months longer than anticipated due to issues with ‘expert’ to ‘novice’ reservations from staff, but initial results are positive with the statewide key performance indicator of new patients using AVF at first dialysis rising from 50% in 2013 to 78% in 2015. Staff were significantly more successful cannulating with plastic cannula in patients who had AVF only (67% success) than those who had a CVC alternative (24% success). Conclusions Plastic cannulas offer a new and innovative way to cannulate AVFs and with time, expertise and training can be utilized to provide a successful cannulation program for patients starting hemodialysis with AVFs.
Response of Extensive Breast Cancer Skin Metastases to Rechallenge with Trastuzumab Together with Low-Dose Chemotherapy and Insulin
Authors: Orlando Laura , Schiavone Paola , Calvani Nicola , Fedele Palma , Goldhirsch Aron , Cinieri Saverio 
Published: March 2016

Introduction Cutaneous metastasis occurs in about 29% of breast cancer patients and has a deep impact on patient quality of life. Methods A 60-year-old woman with cutaneous metastases from heavily pretreated HER2-positive breast cancer received CMFVP (oral cyclophosphamide 100 mg daily; oral prednisone 12.5 mg daily for 2 weeks, then 7.5 mg daily; intravenous weekly methotrexate 25 mg/m2, 5-5-fluorouracil 400 mg/m2 and vincristine 0.5 mg) with weekly trastuzumab and subcutaneous insulin until disease progression. Results From March 2009 to November 2009 the patient was treated with the described regimen. At the best response, we observed the disappearance of some lesions and cessation of bleeding and thoracic pain. Time to progression was 8 months. Conclusions Our patient had clinical benefit from reintroduction of trastuzumab, low-dose chemotherapy and insulin. The explanation of this prolonged response is only speculative and requires further clinical confirmation in the treatment strategy of HER2-positive breast cancer.
Peripapillary Retinal Leukemic Infiltration Associated with Papilledema in a T-ALL Patient without Cranial or Optic Nerve Involvement
Authors: Çekiç Osman , Biberoglu Esra , Esen Fehim 
Published: March 2016

Purpose To present a rare case of bilateral peripapillary retinal leukemic infiltration associated with papilledema without retrobulbar optic nerve involvement in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Methods This was a retrospective case report. Results A 24-year-old man with T-cell ALL and 2-month history of papilledema presented to our department with reduction of visual acuity in the left eye. Visual acuity was 20/60 in the right eye and hand movements in the left eye. Fundus examination revealed grade 3 papilledema, bilateral peripapillary leukemic infiltration, and intraretinal hemorrhages. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging did not show any sign of cranial mass or optic nerve involvement. Pulse steroid therapy and oral acetazolamide was started. At day 18, visual acuity improved to 20/40 in the right eye and 20/60 in the left eye, while papilledema improved to grade 1 and hemorrhages regressed. Conclusions To our knowledge, there is no other report of peripapillary leukemic infiltration in the absence of retrobulbar optic nerve involvement. We suspect that papilledema might have facilitated peripapillary retinal infiltration due to altered vascular permeability. The reverse could also be possible: leukemic infiltration leading to increase in vascular permeability may also contribute to papilledema.
The Counselorand Tragic Recognition
Authors: Knepper Steven Edward 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAt first glance McCarthy's recent screenplay seems to be a rather formulaic Aristotelian tragedy. But on closer examination, its unflinching look at cartel violence raises questions that have long animated critical debate about tragedy. Is tragedy more about the existential plight of a lone individual or the political crisis of a community? Is tragic recognition a matter of stoic acceptance or solidarity with the suffering? Does tragedy veil particular contingent instances of loss and violence as immutable aspects of the human condition? Is true tragedy resolutely pessimistic? If so, is tragedy effectively dead in the modern West, which has inherited religions of messianic hope and mythologies of secular progress? Or do these currents open up the possibility of new forms of tragedy? The Counselor explores all of these questions, and it ultimately stages a choice between two possible responses to the tragic—stoic resignation or radical hope.
Ny dansk filmforskning: en oversigt
Authors: Schepelern Peter 
Published: March 2016

I denne artikel giver Peter Schepelern en oversigt over dansk filmforsk-
ning. Artiklen omtaler de forskellige forskningsmiljøer, opridser de teore-
tiske hovedtendenser og nævner de analytiske og historiske bidrag, som
dansk filmforskning har leveret i de seneste ti år. Artiklen kan således
læses som en kommenteret bibliografi til ny danskfilmforskning.
Fra ideologisk invasion til kulturelle møder. Om dansk forskning i udenlandske, internationale og globale medieforhold
Authors: Hjarvard Stig 
Published: March 2016

Dansk medieforskning har interesseret sig for medieforhold uden for
landets grænser længe før, globaliseringen blev et tema. Den måde,
hvorpå interessen dyrkes i dansk medieforskning, og det perspektiv
der lægges på disse forhold, er derimod ikke kontinuerlig. I sin artikel
skitserer Stig Hjarvard, hvordan betoningen er skiftet fra en interesse
for udenlandske (fortrinsvis anglo-amerikanske) forhold, via internati-
onale (især europæiske) til globale problemstillinger. Dermed har per-
spektivet på genstandsfeltet også ændret sig. Hvor man førhen især
bedømte medieudvikling og påvirkning fra det danske samfunds ud-
sigtspunkt - dvs. 'indefra' - undersøges disse aspekter idag i langt
højere grad globalt-olympisk, altså 'oppefra'. Men der er også en gen-
nemgående tråd i dansk medieforsknings historie nemlig den nøgterne
eller 'usentimentale' holdning til en fælles national kultur. Det er denne
holdning, som skal bære fremtidig forskning i globale medieforhold,
som vil blive en udfordring for og et centralt tema i rnedieforskningen
fremover. Udfordringen består nemlig i at fastholde både det globale
perspektiv og den faglige specialisering.
Medielandskabet Post Mediasaurus? Udfordringer til medieforskningen efter massemedierne
Authors: Jensen Jens F. 
Published: March 2016

Der er mange bud på, hvilken betydning informationsteknologi vil få for
fremtidens medielandskab. Disse bud spænder fra forestillinger om en
ny skelsættende medierevolution, som vil få de kendte medier til at for-
svinde, til påstande om, at der med de 'nye' multimedier egentligt ikke er
noget nyt under solen. I stedet for at kaste sig ud i usikre spådomme
om, hvad fremtiden måtte bringe, forsøger Jens F. Jensen i denne
artikel at skitsere de aktuelle forandringer i medielandskabet. Desuden
diskuteres de udfordringer, som disse forandringer stiller medieforsk-
ningen overfor. Det drejer sig omfølgende tematikker: interpersonel
kommunikation vs. massekommunikation, mediekonvergens vs. diver-
gens, de nye mediers “indhold” og rebalancering af push- og pull-medi-
erne. Artiklen munder ud i en påpegning af, hvordan medieforskningens
genstandsfelt er ved at forandre sig, idet stadig større dele af hverdags-
livet og virkeligheden bliver medierede: indkøb, banktransaktioner,
underholdning, “smarte” forbrugsgenstande etc. Dermed bliver de også
i det mindste potentielt objekter for kommunikations- og medieforsk-
ningen.
Computeren som medie. Humanioras indtog i computerforskningen
Authors: Qvortrup Lars 
Published: March 2016

Hvad er en computer, og hvilke begreber kan vi forstå den med? Tidlige
modeller for forståelse opererer med redskabsmetaforen eller indsætter
med »kunstig intelligens« en analogi til den menneskelige bevidsthed. Efter-
hånden udkrystalliserer der sig en forståelse, der betragter computeren
som et medie af multisemantisk karakter. Indledningsvis indkredser Lars
Qvortrup det institutionelle landskab, som diskussionerne har udspillet sig
i. I sin redegørelse for begreberne fokuserer han på humanistiske og især
medievidenskabelige bidrag til udviklingen.