bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pay‐as‐you‐throw versus recycling fund system in closed‐loop supply chains with alliance recycling
Authors: Ma Zu‐Jun , Hu Shu , Dai Ying , Ye Yu‐Sen 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis paper develops closed‐loop supply chain models with alliance recycling under two financing systems for recycling used products, that is, pay‐as‐you‐throw (PAYT) and recycling fund (RF). The primary goal behind analytic formulation is to investigate the differences between the two financing systems and determine which one performs better, and to examine the impact of target recycling rate and competition between recycling alliances (RAs) on channel decisions. We find that the PAYT system is always more beneficial to customers and the retailer, while the RF system increases the social welfare. If there is no competition between RAs, which system performs better for the RA depends on the baseline of subsidy fee, while which system performs better for manufacturers depends on their shares. However, if there is competition between RAs, the RF system is favored by the disadvantaged RA. Moreover, the restriction on target recycling rate has an effect on channel decisions.
Cognitive Activity‐Based Design Methodology for Novice Visual Communication Designers
Authors: Kim Hyunjung , Lee Hyunju 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe notion of design thinking is becoming more concrete nowadays, as design researchers and practitioners study the thinking processes involved in design and employ the concept of design thinking to foster better solutions to complex and ill‐defined problems. The goal of the present research is to develop a cognitive activity‐based design methodology for novice visual communication designers, which will be achieved by mapping the findings from a comparative analysis of novice and expert visual communication designers' thinking processes onto the prospective methodology. Under the proposed methodology, activity modes take place in a chronological flow under specific guidelines involving various forms of design cognition. The guidelines correlate to design phases from problem structuring to detailed design and to the cognitive processes of divergent and convergent thinking. The methodology gives open‐ended instruction to novices endeavouring to proceed with the design process, solve complex design problems and make better design decisions. This research has value for its unique approach to methodology development. Furthermore, the proposed methodology provides guidance for more effective cognitive activities during the design process and holds potential for implementation in design education due to its focus on the needs of novice designers.
An Autoethnographical Study of Culture, Power, Identity and Art Education in Post‐Colonial South Korea
Authors: Jeong Ok‐Hee 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis article reflects my experiences of learning art in the 1970s and 1980s and my teaching career in school art education in twenty‐first century South Korea. This autobiographical reflection shows how I have struggled with my identity as an art teacher in the post‐colonial context of Western influences on Korean society since World War II. There has been greater tension and a greater struggle for different values, practices and identities when new values and practices have been introduced into the particular socio‐cultural context of South Korea. My struggles with particular kinds of pedagogic identity valued within the rapidly changing political, economic and cultural context of Western influences on Korean art education demonstrate the hidden structural mechanism of the relationship between culture, power and identity in the post‐colonial world of globalisation. This study as an autoethnographical research provides critical insights into how identities are produced by pedagogic discourses and practices of art education that are constructed through the specific systems of practice and language which transmit and regulate such identities and values.
Drawing with Children: An Experiment in Assisted Creativity
Authors: Kouvou Ourania 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis report outlines the cognitive accomplishments of young children involved in graphic dialogue with adults. A token of collaborative drawing is examined exhibiting the degree to which adult informed tutoring enabled children in their drawing development, enhanced their motivation and ability in narration and resulted in drawings meaningful to them. The case studies examined are the result of a three‐year research project conducted by undergraduate students of Athens University Department of Early Childhood Education under the supervision of the author of this article. This game‐like pedagogical strategy is inspired by L. Vygotsky's educational philosophy and based on B. & M. Wilson's model of adult–child graphic dialogue. It is understood as a method of instructing drawing enabling children to pass from that which they can achieve alone to that which they can accomplish with adult assistance. This educational approach answers to a call for a more socially accountable art education addressing the child's need to deal with issues he encounters in his everyday life and as such is open to adult and cultural interference. A similar educational approach intends to challenge the long‐standing, non‐interventionist art educational theory also known as ‘child art’ and its contention that a prerequisite for a creative individual is expression free from social and adult influence.
Inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress by an imidazopyridine derivative X22 prevents heart injury from obesity
Authors: Qian Yuanyuan , Zhang Yali , Zhong Peng , Peng Kesong , Xu Zheng , Chen Xuemei , Lu Kongqin , Chen Gaozhi , Li Xiaokun , Liang Guang 
Published: March 2016

AbstractInflammation and oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of obesity‐related complications and cardiovascular disease. Benzimidazole and imidazopyridine compounds are a class of compounds with a variety of activities, including anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant and anti‐cancer. X22 is an imidazopyridine derivative we synthesized and evaluated previously for anti‐inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated macrophages. However, its ability to alleviate obesity‐induced heart injury via its anti‐inflammatory actions was unclear. This study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of X22 using cell culture studies and a high‐fat diet rat model. We observed that palmitic acid treatment in cardiac‐derived H9c2 cells induced a significant increase in reactive oxygen species, inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis and hypertrophy. All of these changes were inhibited by treatment with X22. Furthermore, oral administration of X22 suppressed high‐fat diet‐induced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, hypertrophy and fibrosis in rat heart tissues and decreased serum lipid concentration. We also found that the anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidative actions of X22 were associated with Nrf2 activation and nuclear factor‐kappaB (NF‐κB) inhibition, respectively, both in vitro and in vivo. The results of this study indicate that X22 may be a promising cardioprotective agent and that Nrf2 and NF‐κB may be important therapeutic targets for obesity‐related complications.
MicroRNA‐20a‐5p contributes to hepatic glycogen synthesis through targeting p63 to regulate p53 and PTEN expression
Authors: Fang Weiwei , Guo Jun , Cao Yuan , Wang Shuyue , Pang Cheng , Li Meng , Dou Lin , Man Yong , Huang Xiuqing , Shen Tao , Li Jian 
Published: March 2016

AbstractRecently, it is implicated that aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRs) is associated with insulin resistance. However, the role of miR‐17 family in hepatic insulin resistance and its underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we provided mechanistic insight into the effects of miR‐20a‐5p, a member of miR‐17 family, on the regulation of AKT/GSK pathway and glycogenesis in hepatocytes. MiR‐20a‐5p was down‐regulated in the liver of db/db mice, and NCTC1469 cells and Hep1‐6 cells treated with high glucose, accompanied by reduced glycogen content and impaired insulin signalling. Notably, inhibition of miR‐20a‐5p significantly reduced glycogen synthesis and AKT/GSK activation, whereas overexpression of miR‐20a‐5p led to elevated glycogenesis and activated AKT/GSK signalling pathway. In addition, miR‐20a‐5p mimic could reverse high glucose‐induced impaired glycogenesis and AKT/GSK activation in NCTC1469 and Hep1‐6 cells. P63 was identified as a target of miR‐20a‐5p by bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay. Knockdown of p63 in the NCTC1469 cells and the Hep1‐6 cells by transfecting with siRNA targeting p63 could increase glycogen content and reverse miR‐20a‐5p inhibition‐induced reduced glycogenesis and activation of AKT and GSK, suggesting that p63 participated in miR‐20a‐5p‐mediated glycogenesis in hepatocytes. Moreover, our results indicate that p63 might directly bind to p53, thereby regulating PTEN expression and in turn participating in glycogenesis. In conclusion, we found novel evidence suggesting that as a member of miR‐17 family, miR‐20a‐5p contributes to hepatic glycogen synthesis through targeting p63 to regulate p53 and PTEN expression.
Quality Attributes of Dark Chocolate Produced from Vietnamese Cocoa Liquors
Authors: Tran Phuong Diem , Van Durme Jim , Van de Walle Davy , de Winne Ann , Delbaere Claudia , de Clercq Nathalie , Phan Thi Thanh Que , Phuc Nguyen Cat‐Hanh , Tran Dung Nhan , Dewettinck Koen 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis study provides the quality aspects of Vietnamese (VN) dark chocolates produced by cocoa liquors exhibiting different degrees of acidity. Hereto, the impact of preconching the highly acidic cocoa liquors was investigated. Results show that three out of four VN chocolates attained comparable solid fat content at 35C, particle sizes and flow properties to a Ghanaian reference, ensuring a similar volatile release and taste perception. Principal component analysis of the aroma compounds obtained using headspace solid‐phase microextraction gas chromatography mass‐spectrometry clustered the chocolates into three groups: those from GH and VN liquor with intermediate acidity, those from preconched VN liquors and that from highly acidic VN liquor. A more detailed interpretation of the flavor profile revealed that VN chocolates exhibit more profound acidic, fruity and flowery aroma. Furthermore, liquor preconching positively affected chocolate flow and decreased volatile acids, however, partly removed both highly and less volatile, desired aroma compounds.Practical ApplicationsAs the demand and deficit for chocolate are increasing worldwide, the hunt for additional high‐quality cocoa resources will bring added value for both farmers and chocolate industry. Vietnamese (VN) cocoa, as a newcomer, is recently expanding its global market potential, however, how its quality can be positioned in the world supply is not assessed yet. The results of this study could reveal the applicability of VN cocoa liquors varying in acidity for the production of high‐quality dark chocolates with specific aroma notes. However, the typical high acidity in Southeast Asian cocoa is regarded as detrimental flavor attribute, thus inspiring this work to study whether cocoa liquor preconching could improve the overall aroma as well as mouthfeel perception.
Abscisic acid and ethephon regulation of cellulase in the endosperm cap and radicle during lettuce seed germination
Authors: Chen Bingxian , Ma Jun , Xu Zhenjiang , Wang Xiaofeng 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of cellulase in endosperm cap weakening and radicle elongation during lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seed germination. The application of abscisic acid (ABA) or ethephon inhibits or promotes germination, respectively, by affecting endosperm cap weakening and radicle elongation. Cellulase activities, and related protein and transcript abundances of two lettuce cellulase genes, LsCEL1 and LsCEL2, increase in the endosperm cap and radicle prior to radicle protrusion following imbibition in water. ABA or ethephon reduce or elevate, respectively, cellulase activity, and related protein and transcript abundances in the endosperm cap. Taken together, these observations suggest that cellulase plays a role in endosperm cap weakening and radicle elongation during lettuce seed germination, and that the regulation of cellulase in the endosperm cap by ABA and ethephon play a role in endosperm cap weakening. However, the influence of ABA and ethephon on radicle elongation may not be through their effects on cellulase.
Population prevalence of Down's syndrome in the United Kingdom
Authors: Alexander M. , Ding Y. , Foskett N. , Petri H. , Wandel C. , Khwaja O. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackgroundAim was to estimate the age and sex‐stratified prevalence of Down's syndrome (DS) in the United Kingdom (UK) general population using a large primary care database.MethodData source was the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. We divided the number of individuals with a record of DS present on 01/07/2014 by the total number of individuals, and computed Wilson's confidence intervals. Prevalence by age and sex was represented using local linear smoothing plots.ResultsOn July 1st 2014, 1159 females and 1317 males with DS were present in the data, corresponding to a prevalence of 5.9 per 10 000 (95% CI: 5.5; 6.2) in females and 6.8 (6.5; 7.2) per 10 000 in males. Prevalence of DS was increased in individuals aged 40 to 55 years compared to adjacent age groups.ConclusionsA relative peak prevalence of DS at age 40–55 years may be attributed to the combined effects of a rise in life expectancy and the still limited availability of selective abortion.
Light sheet microscopy and live imaging of plants
Authors: BERTHET BÉATRICE , MAIZEL ALEXIS 
Published: March 2016

SummaryLight sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) is increasingly used to investigate biological processes in animals as well as in plants. LSFM achieves optical sectioning by the selective illumination of a single plane of the sample with a sheet of laser light while simultaneously recording emitted fluorescence orthogonally to the illumination plane. A 3D image of the sample can then be generated with a temporal resolution ranging from seconds to several days, and at scales ranging from subcellular to whole organ. By design, LSFM provides fast imaging, and low phototoxicity, two key criteria for live imaging under physiological conditions. Despite its potential, LSFM remains underutilized in plant biology. This review aims to highlight challenges of live imaging in plants, to describe key steps in using LSFM on live plant samples and finally at providing an overview of published examples of applications of LSFM in plants.
Degradation of nonmodified and rhodium modified aluminide coating deposited on CMSX 4 superalloy
Authors: ZAGULA‐YAVORSKA MARYANA , WIERZBIŃSKA MAŁGORZATA , GANCARCZYK KAMIL , SIENIAWSKI JAN 
Published: March 2016

SummaryThe Ni‐base superalloy CMSX 4 used in the turbine blades of aircraft engines was coated with rhodium layer (0.5‐μm thick). Next coated CMSX 4 superalloy was aluminized by the CVD method. The rhodium modified aluminide coating and nonmodified aluminide coating were oxidized at 1100°C at the air atmosphere. The rhodium modified aluminide coating showed about twice better oxidation resistance than the nonmodified one. The spallation equal 62% of the total area was observed on the surface of the nonmodified coating whereas only 36% spallation area was observed on the surface of the rhodium modified aluminide coating after the oxidation test. The oxide layer formed on the surface of the nonmodified coating was composed of nonprotective (Ni,Cr)Al2O4 and (Ni,Cr)O phases. Aluminium in the coating reacts with oxygen, forming a protective α‐Al2O3 oxide on the surface of the rhodium modified aluminide coating. When the oxide cracks and spalls due to oxidation, additional aluminium from the coating diffuses to the surface to form the oxide. The presence of protective Al2O3 oxide on the surface of the rhodium modified aluminide coating slows coating degradation. Therefore, rhodium modified aluminide coating has better oxidation resistance than the nonmodified one.
An MRI‐Based Atlas for Correlation of Imaging and Pathologic Findings in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Raman Mekala R. , Schwarz Christopher G. , Murray Melissa E. , Lowe Val J. , Dickson Dennis W. , Jack Clifford R. , Kantarci Kejal 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEPathologic diagnosis is the gold standard in evaluating imaging measures developed as biomarkers for pathologically defined disorders. A brain MRI atlas representing autopsy‐sampled tissue can be used to directly compare imaging and pathology findings. Our objective was to develop a brain MRI atlas representing the cortical regions that are routinely sampled at autopsy for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD).METHODSSubjects (n = 22; ages at death = 70‐95) with a range of pathologies and antemortem 3T MRI were included. Histology slides from 8 cortical regions sampled from the left hemisphere at autopsy guided the localization of the atlas regions of interest (ROIs) on each subject's antemortem 3D T1‐weighted MRI. These ROIs were then registered to a common template and combined to form one ROI representing the volume of tissue that was sampled by the pathologists. A subset of the subjects (n = 4; ages at death = 79‐95) had amyloid PET imaging. Density of β‐amyloid immunostain was quantified from the autopsy‐sampled regions in the 4 subjects using a custom‐designed ImageScope algorithm. Median uptake values were calculated in each ROI on the amyloid‐PET images.RESULTSWe found an association between β‐amyloid plaque density in 8 ROIs of the 4 subjects (total ROI n = 32) and median PiB SUVR (r2 = .64; P < .0001).CONCLUSIONSIn an atlas developed for imaging and pathologic correlation studies, we demonstrated that antemortem amyloid burden measured in the atlas ROIs on amyloid PET is strongly correlated with β‐amyloid density measured on histology. This atlas can be used in imaging and pathologic correlation studies.
Actors have feelings too: An examination of justice climate effects on the psychological well‐being of organizational authority figures
Authors: Bernerth Jeremy B. , Whitman Daniel S. , Walker H. Jack , Mitchell David T. , Taylor Shannon G. 
Published: March 2016

Although a substantial amount of research explores how work units collectively benefit from authority figures who adhere to the rules of justice (i.e., justice climate), virtually no research explores how authority figures themselves benefit from creating a climate of fairness. We draw from relational theories of human behaviour and psychological well‐being to develop a theoretical model of the relationship between justice climate and authority figures' well‐being. Using data from a sample of 1297 employees and 162 authority figures within 162 work units, we find that procedural justice (PJ) and interactional justice (IJ) climate relate to authority figures' occupational satisfaction and emotional exhaustion; IJ climate also relates to positive affect. In addition, in line with an agent‐related justice perspective, IJ climate has a stronger overall impact than PJ climate on authority figures' well‐being.Practitioner points

Finding individuals who want to be organizational authority figures is difficult if there are perceived psychological costs associated with being an authority figure. The reported research suggests organizations may want to highlight the positive relationship between adherence to rules of justice and the psychological well‐being of authority figures as a potential benefit of assuming authority positions.

Whereas traditional approaches to job design suggest the redesign of significant portions of the job (which is not always practical), our results suggest large‐scale changes may not be the only method for enhancing the positive feelings authority figures have about their job. Organizations could instead emphasize the positive impact that authority figures have on the work group as a whole. Given that working closely with the beneficiaries of one's efforts is intrinsically gratifying, such an emphasis might be enough to help create a more healthy and enjoyable environment for organizational authority figures.

Managers should pay particular attention to the interpersonal interactions they have with their employees. Our results suggest it is the interpersonal component of justice climate, as compared to the more process‐ or policy‐oriented components, that is the most beneficial to organizational authority figures.
VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF THE SPIRITUAL COPING STRATEGIES SCALE ARABIC VERSION IN SAUDI PATIENTS UNDERGOING HAEMODIALYSIS
Authors: Cruz Jonas P. , Baldacchino Donia R. , Alquwez Nahed 
Published: March 2016

SUMMARYBackgroundPatients often resort to religious and spiritual activities to cope with physical and mental challenges. The effect of spiritual coping on overall health, adaptation and health‐related quality of life among patients undergoing haemodialysis (HD) is well documented. Thus, it is essential to establish a valid and reliable instrument that can assess both the religious and non‐religious coping methods in patients undergoing HD.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Spiritual Coping Strategies Scale Arabic version (SCS‐A) in Saudi patients undergoing HD.MethodA convenience sample of 60 Saudi patients undergoing HD was recruited for this descriptive, cross‐sectional study. Data were collected between May and June 2015. Forward–backward translation was used to formulate the SCS‐A. The SCS‐A, Muslim Religiosity Scale and the Quality of Life Index Dialysis Version III were used to procure the data. Internal consistency reliability, stability reliability, factor analysis and construct validity tests were performed. Analyses were set at the 0.05 level of significance.ResultsThe SCS‐A showed an acceptable internal consistency and strong stability reliability over time. The EFA produced two factors (non‐religious and religious coping). Satisfactory construct validity was established by the convergent and divergent validity and known‐groups method.ConclusionThe SCS‐A is a reliable and valid tool that can be used to measure the religious and non‐religious coping strategies of patients undergoing HD in Saudi Arabia and other Muslim and Arabic‐speaking countries.