bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of the national register of suicide attempts as a preliminary strategy for the prevention of suicides in Poland
Authors: Gmitrowicz A. , Szmajda R. , Baran A. , Makowska I. , Kropiwnicki P. 
Published: June 2017

Studies show that suicide attempts are a major independent predictor of suicide. Only in some countries of the world, there are national registers of these behaviors. Poland is among the countries where suicide prevention is at the stage of implementation of these strategies. One is the initial diagnosis of the prevalence of suicidal behavior (SB) in selected populations. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of SB in Poland on the basis of available databases, including data such as age, sex and mental disorders and the analysis of differentiation of selected indicators of SB.Material and methodsWe analyzed available registers of completed suicides (CS) and suicide attempts (SA), carried out under reporting of the central statistical office (CSO, in the general population, based on death certificates), Police Headquarters (PH, the number of reported SB in the country) and the Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw (IPiN, the number of SB in all psychiatric institutions) and the department of adolescent psychiatry in Łódź (SB among hospitalized youth).Results and conclusionsReported data on dissemination of SB in Poland are incomplete, which may affect the reliability of the assessment of the effectiveness of implemented strategies for the prevention of suicides. The aim should be to create a central register of SB, which will not only gather a well-defined data but also monitor how it is obtained.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A case report highlights the neglect problem of pregnancy denial
Authors: Di Giacomo E. , Calabria M. , Colmegna F. , Pucci B. , Clerici M. 
Published: June 2017

Pregnancy denial was observed in a patient after her second delivery. Contrary to the first pregnancy, she denied weight gain, body changes and baby movements. She reported using a contraceptive pill throughout the entire pregnancy. After a short home delivery without assistance, she was admitted to obstetrical department and referred for psychiatric evaluation. Mrs. T. accepted psychiatric follow-up appointments and was followed up for 6 months. She was initially assessed using the SCID II Interview, beck anxiety and depression interview, WHOQOL (WHO quality of life), and childhood trauma questionnaire. She denied pregnancy concealment and during the period of assessment and follow-up there was no evidence of intimate partner violence. Her female newborn was healthy without consequences of oestrogen/progesteron absorption (hypoplastic left heart syndrome, gastroschisis, hypospadias or congenital urinary trait anomalies) in one year follow up. The patient was discharged after 6 months of clinical outpatient follow-up. This case stresses and emphasizes the health and risk outcomes for both mother and child linked to an underestimated but serious phenomenon such as the denial of pregnancy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Review of Risk Prediction Approaches for Bipolar Episodes in the Perinatal Period
Authors: Casanova Dias M. , Jones I. , Di Florio A. , Jones L. , Craddock N. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe perinatal period is a high-risk period for the development of illness episodes in women with bipolar disorder. Relapse rates vary between 9 and 75% depending on the study. The overall risk of a severe episode is approximately 20%. The impact on women, the relationships with their babies and their families can be devastating. In the UK costs to society are £8.1 billion per year-cohort of births. The advice currently given to women is based of general risk rates. Women's needs of information for decision-making in the perinatal period are not being met.ObjectivesTo review the risk prediction approaches used for women with bipolar disorder in the perinatal period.AimsTo understand the existing risk prediction models and approaches used for prognosis of the risk of recurrence of bipolar disorder for women in the perinatal period.MethodsSystematic literature search of public medical electronic databases and grey literature on risk prediction for bipolar episodes in the perinatal period.ResultsWe will present the existing models and approaches used for risk prediction of illness episodes in the perinatal period.ConclusionsAwareness of existing risk prediction models for recurrence of bipolar disorder in the perinatal period will allow better informed risk-benefit analysis of treatment and management options.This person-centred approach will help women and clinicians in their decision-making at this crucial high-risk period.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Organizational Skills Training for Children with ADHD
Authors: Bikic A. , Sukhodolsky D. , Dalsgaard S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIn addition to problems with inattention and hyperactivity, children with ADHD show poor organizational skills required for managing time and materials in academic projects. Poor organizational skills are associated with academic underachievement as well as psychosocial, occupational and economic difficulties. Behavioral approaches for ADHD are effective in reducing hyperactivity symptoms and behavioral problems, but the effects on academic functioning have been modest. An increasing emphasis on treatment of organizational skills has emerged in recent years, as difficulties with time management and organization of materials tend to persist and increase with age despite medication and behavioral treatments.ObjectivesThe primary objective is to investigate whether organizational skills training has a positive effect on organizational skills. The secondary and exploratory objectives are to investigate the effect on ADHD symptoms, adaptive functioning, academic performance and cognitive functions with a 24 weeks follow up.AimsOur goal is to provide cost-effective group-based treatment for children with ADHD and their parents. This will be the first randomized and controlled trial of organizational skills in Denmark.MethodsParticipants are included in two sites in Southern Denmark and will be randomized to Organizational skills training or treatment as usual. Organizational skills training will be provided in a group format for children and parents over 10 weeks.Perspectives Given the strong association between organizational skills and functional outcome, it is very important to address organizational skills in children and adolescents with ADHD as organizational skills deficits hinder the academic performance of even gifted students with ADHD and increase with age.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Duration of Undiagnosed Bipolar Disorder: Impact of Substance use Disorders co-morbidity
Authors: Ben Mustapha S. , Homri W. , Jouini L. , Labbane R. 
Published: June 2017

AimsStudy the impact of substance use disorders (SUD) co-morbidity on the duration of undiagnosed bipolar disorder (DUBP).MethodsCase-control study during a period of six months from July 2015 to December 2015. One hundred euthymic patients with BD (type I, II or unspecified) were recruited in the department of psychiatry C Razi Hospital, during their follow-up. Two groups were individualized by the presence or not of a SUD co-morbidity. In our study DUBP was defined as the period between the first symptoms and the beginning of treatment by a mood stabilizer.ResultsThe beginning of addictive behaviour preceded the installation of bipolar disease in 32% of cases. Installation of bipolar disorder preceded the installation of addictive behaviour in 12% of cases. The beginning of addictive behaviour was concomitant with the installation of bipolar disease in 6% of cases. The average DUBP in the full sample was 4.80 years with a standard deviation of 8.04 and extremes ranging from 0.08 to 37.5.The average DUBP in patients with SUD co-morbidity was 5.91 years with a standard deviation of 8.16 and extremes ranging from 0.08 to 35, and 3.68 years with a standard deviation of 7.84 and extremes ranging from 0.08 to 37.5 in patients without SUD co-morbidity.ConclusionsAccording to studies over two thirds of patients with bipolar disorder received misdiagnoses before diagnosis of BD, and among the factors involved can report the presence of SUD co-morbidity. Hence, we should detect BD among patients with SUD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychiatry's and Psychiatrists’ Contract with Society
Authors: Janse van Rensburg B. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe World Psychiatric Association (WPA) is a world-wide association of national psychiatric associations, aiming to increase knowledge and skills necessary for work in the field of mental health and care of the mentally ill. It was suggested that Psychiatry's relationship with society should be seen as a contract [1]. This implicit understanding usually specifies the scope, principles, quality and outcome of this agreement. It also implies a series of reciprocal rights and duties, privileges and obligations, as well as expectations from both sides.AimTo investigate the extent of existing social contracting of WPA Member Associations (MAs) and WPA structures regarding:– communities they serve;– general public;– medical institutions;– other practitioner groups in the multidisciplinary team;– administrations, managers and funders.ObjectivesInclude to describe the current scope of psychiatric practice across WPA regions and the content of existing social contracts.MethodsA mixed–methods, explorative, descriptive, theory generating inquiry, with different phases, including a systematic review of literature and WPA documentation, electronic questionnaires to MAs and focus group discussions with WPA ZS chairs/representatives.ResultsMA profiles and progress indicators were identified and summarised. A transcription of group discussions was made, while pertaining documents, questionnaires and in depth/focus group interview content was analysed.ConclusionsThis presentation will report on progress with this study to date.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Targeting Kynurenine Pathway in Olfactory Bulbectomised Mice: Inflammatory and Neurodegerative Pathway of Depression
Authors: Bansal Y. , Kuhad A. , Singh R. , Saroj P. 
Published: June 2017

Aims and objectivesThe aim of study was to evaluate the pharmacotherapeutic efficacy of NDGA in experimental paradigm of depression i.e. olfactory bulbectomy (OB) specifically targeting kynurenine pathway.Materials and methodDepression like behaviours was induced in OB mice and evaluated by assessment of various behavioural (olfactory deficit test, forced swim test, splash test, open field test, sucrose preference test), biochemical (catalase, reduced glutathione, SOD, nitrite, MAO-A, MDA, corticosterone), inflammatory cytokines (TNF- α, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ) levels and alterations in delta sleep was recorded using EEG. Kynurenine pathway metabolites were determined in plasma and brain using HPLC method. After 14 days post-surgery, olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) mice were administered nordihydroguaiaretic acid (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg) daily i.p.ResultsWe have developed a new HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of monoamines and kynurenine pathway metabolites in plasma and brain samples of mice. Chronic treatment with nordihydroguaiaretic acid significantly restored all behavioural, biochemical and neurochemical alterations in OBX mice and increase in quinolinic acid and decrease in kynurenic acid point out the neurodegeneration hypothesis of depression.ConclusionNordihydroguaiaretic acid showed potent neuropharmacotherapeutic effect in OBX mice by virtue of its strong anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-stress and by restoring quinolinic acid levels.
A Person-centered Approach to Burnout-depression Overlap
Authors: Lichtenthäler A. , Bianchi R. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionBurnout has widely infiltrated the popular culture and has been extensively studied in both psychiatry and psychology. However, there are currently no consensual or binding diagnostic criteria for burnout. A major obstacle to the elevation of burnout to the status of nosological category is the overlap of burnout with depression.ObjectivesWe examined whether burnout and depressive symptoms can be distinguished from each other using a person-centered approach.MethodsA total of 1759 French schoolteachers took part in the present study (77% female; mean age: 41; mean length of employment: 15). Burnout symptoms were assessed with the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (14 items) and depressive symptoms with a dedicated module of the Patient Health Questionnaire (9 items). Data were primarily processed using two-step cluster analysis. Correlation analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were additionally carried out.ResultsConsidered as continuous variables, burnout and depression were found to be closely intertwined (r = 0.81; disattenuated correlation: 0.91). Our cluster analysis revealed four different participant profiles, identifiable as “minimal burnout-depression” (n = 542; 31%), “low burnout-depression” (n = 566; 32%), “medium burnout-depression” (n = 412; 23%), and “high burnout-depression” (n = 239; 14%). Burnout and depression played equivalently important roles in cluster construction. Our ANOVA confirmed that the four clusters differed from each other in terms of burnout and depressive symptoms.ConclusionsOur findings are consistent with the view that the burnout syndrome is depressive in nature. A diagnostic category dedicated to burnout may therefore not be needed.
Early Prediction of Non-response to Anti-depressive Treatment with an Easy-to-use Electrophysiological Index Dynamics
Authors: Yariv S. , Shahaf G. , Bloch B. , Reshef A. , Bloch Y. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe evaluation of response to pharmacological treatment in MDD requires 6–8 weeks. Therefore, the ability to predict response, and especially lack of response to treatment, as early as possible after treatment onset or change, is of major significance. Many studies demonstrated significant results regarding the ability to use EEG and ERP markers. However, these markers are derived from long EEG/ERP samples, often from multiple channels, which render them impractical for frequent sampling.MethodsWe developed a new electrophysiological attention-related marker from a single channel (2 electrodes) and 1 minute samples. This work presents an initial evaluation of the ability to harness this marker, for early differentiation between responders and non-responders to anti-depressive treatment, in 26 patients with various levels of depression and heterogeneous treatment interventions and 10 healthy controls. Subjects who initiated treatment for depression were followed clinically through their Hamilton depression scores as well as their EEG activity twice a week for a period of 8 weeks. Any acceptable anti-depressive treatment been included. The improvement in Hamilton scores at the end of 8 weeks used to discriminate responders and non-responders.ResultsWithin two weeks, we could differentiate between non-responders and responders to anti-depressive treatment, with absolute discrimination between subjects with moderate to severe depression, and with 0.71 sensitivity and 0.96 specificity within the whole depressed subjects.ConclusionsThis is a proof of concept for an easy to use, cheap and quick marker for the lack of respond to anti-depressive treatment within two weeks of anti-depressive treatment.
Developing a Platform for Online Psychotherapy Sessions
Authors: Bran M. , Ladea M. , Sarpe M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionProviding mental health services by real-time videoconferencing has been increasingly adopted as a method of reaching hard-to-serve populations since the early 1990s. There is a growing body of evidence investigating the efficacy of delivering online mental health care. Though studies vary in quality, they generally demonstrate that online mental health care is effective across multiple age groups. Online is generally well accepted by patients and specialists and its implementation is feasible. It is also convenient and cost effective.ObjectivesDue to the fact that almost 75% of Romanian population have internet access and that mental health services are still stigmatized we perceived the opportunity to develop an online platform where patients can easily find and interact with mental health specialists using secured videoconference.MethodsDuring a timeframe of two years a multidisciplinary team managed to develop and test an online platform where patients can access psychotherapy sessions. Main design and development targets were usability and confidentiality/security. The platform has an appointment tool, a secure videoconference solution and an integrated online payment service.ResultsThe platform can be accessed at https://atlashelp.ro. It was launched in mid July 2016 and it already gathers more than 50 mental health specialists. The feedback was excellent from both specialists and patients.ConclusionsThe solution developed is complaint with most of international standards and offers easy to access and high quality psychotherapeutic services for Romanian patients.
Comparison of Self-reported to Observational Agitation Scales
Authors: Zun L. , Downey L. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundIncreasingly, psychiatric patients are presenting to the emergency department (ED) with agitation. ED staff rarely, if ever, use scale to assess agitation or use any self-assessment tools to determine a patient's level of agitation.ObjectivesTo evaluate the relationship between a patient's self-reported level of agitation and other validated agitation assessment tools.MethodsThis is a prospective study using a convenience sample of patients presenting to the ED with a psychiatric complaint. This study was conducted in an urban, inner-city trauma level 1 center with 55,000 ED visits a year. After obtaining consent, a research fellow administered observational tools, PANSS-EC and ACES and BAM and Likert scale self assessment tools on arrival to the ED. SPSS version 24 was used. The study was IRB approved.ResultsA total of 139 patients were enrolled. The most common ED diagnoses were depression, schizophrenia, or bipolar. Majority of patients were African-American (59%), falling in the 25–44 year old age range (56%) 52% male. Self-reported agitation was rated as moderate to high in 72.4% of these patients on the Likert scale and 76.3% on the BAM. There was a significant correlation between the self-reported score versus the BAM (F = 11.2, P = 0.00). However, the self-reported scores were significantly different from the scores assessed by observational tools (P < 0.05).ConclusionsED providers should assess a patient's self-reported level of agitation because a patient could be feeling markedly agitated without expressing outward signs detected by observational tools.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Family Functioning, Trauma Exposure and PTSD in a Middle-income Community Sample
Authors: Dorrington S. , Zavos H. , Ball H. , McGuffin P. , Sumathipala A. , Siribaddana S. , Rijsdijk F. , Hatch S.L. , Hotopf M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionOnly a minority of trauma-exposed individuals go on to develop post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Previous studies in high-income countries suggest that maladaptive family functioning adversities (MFFA) in childhood may partially ex-plain individual variation in vulnerability to PTSD following trauma. We test in a lower middle income setting (Sri Lanka) whether: (1) MFFA moderates the association between exposure to trauma and later (a) PTSD (b) other psychiatric diagnoses; (2) any moderation by MFFA is explained by experiences of interpersonal violence, cumulative trauma exposure or other psychopathology.MethodsWe conducted a population study of 3995 twins and 2019 singletons residing in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Participants completed the composite international diagnostic interview, including nine traumatic exposures and a questionnaire on MFFA.ResultsIn total, 23.4% of participants reported exposure to MFFA. We found that (1) MFFA moderates the association between trauma exposure and both (a) PTSD and (b) non-PTSD diagnosis. (2) This was not explained by interpersonal violence, cumulative trauma exposure or other psychopathology.ConclusionsIn our sample MFFA moderates the association between trauma and PTSD, and the association between trauma and non-PTSD psychopathology.
Relationship between cognition and primary negative symptoms sub-domains in schizophrenia
Authors: Capatina O.O. , miclutia I.V. , toma A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe relationship between negative symptoms and cognition in schizophrenia is not clear, a number of authors whom studied this relationship came up with inconsistent findings and meta-analyses show that there is a small moderate associations between the two domains.Objectives and aimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cognition and the primary negative symptoms sub-domains.MethodsSixty-seven female patients with schizophrenia were evaluated using PANSS ans NSA-16 scales. Correlation and regression analyses were used in the present study to investigate the relationship between the primary negative symptoms sub-domains obtained by using the principal component analysis, and cognition evaluated with the PANSS using the 5 factor model as described by Lindenmayer.ResultsNo relationship was found between the PANSS Cognitive factor and Negative factor, but when investigating the relationship of the Cognitive PANSS factor with the negative sub-domains: diminished expression (DE) and avolition-apathy (AA), it was shown that there is a significant association between cognition and AA domain, but there was shown no association with the DE domain, and there was just a small association with the composit score of the NAS-16.ConclusionsOur study reveals the relative independence of cognitive factor from the negative domain of the psychopathology, even though the association with AA domain was clear. These findings also support the need of using appropriate assessment tools in order to get a refined understanding of the phenomenology of schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.