bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Roadway Stormwater Runoff on Microbial Contamination in the Receiving Stream
Authors: Wyckoff Kristen N. , Chen Si , Steinman Andrew J. , He Qiang 
Published: August 2017

Stormwater runoff from roadways has increasingly become a regulatory concern for water pollution control. Recent work has suggested roadway stormwater runoff as a potential source of microbial pollutants. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of roadway runoff on the microbiological quality of receiving streams. Microbiological quality of roadway stormwater runoff and the receiving stream was monitored during storm events with both cultivation‐dependent fecal bacteria enumeration and cultivation‐independent high‐throughput sequencing techniques. Enumeration of total coliforms as a measure of fecal microbial pollution found consistently lower total coliform counts in roadway runoff than those in the stream water, suggesting that roadway runoff was not a major contributor of microbial pollutants to the receiving stream. Further characterization of the microbial community in the stormwater samples by 16S ribosomal RNA gene‐based high‐throughput amplicon sequencing revealed significant differences in the microbial composition of stormwater runoff from the roadways and the receiving stream. The differences in microbial composition between the roadway runoff and stream water demonstrate that roadway runoff did not appear to have a major influence on the stream in terms of microbiological quality. Thus, results from both fecal bacteria enumeration and high‐throughput amplicon sequencing techniques were consistent that roadway stormwater runoff was not the primary contributor of microbial loading to the stream. Further studies of additional watersheds with distinct characteristics are needed to validate these findings. Understanding gained in this study could support the development of more effective strategies for stormwater management in sensitive watersheds.Core Ideas
This was the first study of roadway stormwater runoff using microbial community analysis.
Roadway runoff was consistently lower in fecal indicators than the receiving stream.
Roadway runoff and stream water differed significantly in microbial composition.
Stormwater runoff from roadways was not a primary contributor of microbial pollutants.
Use of the Cook® Staged extubation set for reintubation following complications of major head and neck surgery
Authors: Goddard Helen , Hutton Anna 
Published: August 2017

SummaryHead and neck surgery frequently presents anaesthetists with challenging airways but reintubation for postoperative complications further increases this level of difficulty. The use of airway exchange catheters (AEC) for “at risk” extubations are recommended by the Difficult Airway Society (DAS) in their 2011 extubation guidelines [1]. This is against the advice of the manufacturer of the Cook® AEC which does not recommend its use beyond immediate exchange of tracheal tubes [2]. The Cook® Staged Extubation Set (SES) is designed specifically for this task but no case reports have been published describing its use for tracheal re‐intubation. We describe two techniques for the use of the SES for emergency re‐intubation following complications after head and neck reconstruction with a free flap.
Anti-inflammatory Natural Prenylated Phenolic Compounds - Potential Lead Substances
Authors: Brezani Viliam , Smejkal Karel , Hosek Jan , Tomasova Veronika 
Published: August 2017

Background:
Natural phenolics are secondary plant metabolites, which can be
divided into several categories with the common structural feature of phenolic hydroxyl.
The biological activity of phenolics is often modified and enhanced by prenylation by
prenyl and geranyl; higher terpenoid chains are rare. The type of prenyl connection and
modification affects their biological activity.

Objective:
This review summarizes information about prenylated phenols and some of
their potential sources, and provides an overview of their anti-inflammatory potential in
vitro and in vivo.

Method:
The literature search was performed using SciFinder and keywords prenyl, phenol,
and inflammation. For individual compounds, an additional search was performed to
find information about further activities and mechanisms of effects.

Result:
We summarized the effects of prenylated phenolics in vitro in cellular or biochemical
systems on the production and release of inflammation-related cytokines; their
effects on inhibition of cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases; the effects on production of
nitric oxide, antiradical and antioxidant activity; and the effect on the inhibition of the release
of enzymes and mediators from neutrophils, mast cells and macrophages. The information
about the antiphlogistic potential of prenylated phenolics is further supported
by a review of their action in animal models.

Conclusion:
Almost 400 prenylated phenols were reviewed to overview their antiinflammatory
effect. The bioactivity of several prenylated phenols was confirmed also using
in vivo assays. A pool of natural prenylated phenols represents a source of inspiration
for synthesis, and prenylated phenols as components of various medicinal plants used to
combat inflammation could be their active principles.
Waste reduction in Rectangular Figure Cutting using a Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Rodríguez Noriega Juan C. , Coronado-Hernández Jairo R. , Leottau Sergio 
Published: August 2017

This paper introduces a genetic algorithm (GA) to minimize the waste produced during the cutting process of rectangular figures on a sheet. The chromosomes for solution codification use an object-based representation. It has the following operator: Partially Mapped Crossover (PMX), mutation based in double interchange (2-opt), and the elitism strategy for the selection process. The proposed algorithm was applied in a real case situation problem, where the numbers of items were 55 pieces. The result of this implementation was a reduction of the waste as a result of the decrease in the number of sheets used in the cutting process and at the same time an effective employment of the used area.
Nutritional Value of Some Local Mushroom Species of Nepal
Authors: Mishra Akkal Deo , Mishra Manju 
Published: August 2017

A study on the nutrients of cultivated and wild mushrooms as a sample analysis is carried out. The variation of chemical constituents based on the species, substratum and season has been observed for three cultivated species namely Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus sajorcaju and Laccaria leccata alongwith one wild species namely Laetiporus sulphureus. The observations have been made for saw dust, paddy straw and wheat straw as substratum. Saw dust is found to produce higher yield followed by paddy straw in summer season as compared to winter vegetation. On the average 1.5 kg of saw dust produced 1 kg of mushroom.Some principal nutrients like carbohydrates, amino acids, proteins, fats, minerals, fibre and ash, moisture content, etc. are estimated from the mentioned mushroom species. The maximum amount of nutrients contained in 100gm of dry mass is 90% moisture, 15% fibre and ash, 8% carbohydrates, 12% amino acids, 32% proteins and 2.5% fat contents among the mushroom species studied. These mushrooms possess considerable amount of minerals like sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, phosphorus, etc. The maximum amount of these mineral elements in the mushrooms under experiment is 5% sodium, 6% phosphorus, 4% potassium, 2.5% calcium and 3% iron in straw based vegetation grown in summer season.The mushroom species studied have been tested against different fungal and bacterial strains to observe their microbiological activities by using their biomass extract. They are found mild to moderate in antifungal and antibacterial activities. The wild species have shown higher potentiality against in vitro tested microbes as compared to cultivated mushrooms under experiment. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary StudiesVol. 2, No.1 (December 2013), Page: 1-11
अनेक रस र एक मूल रस सम्बन्धी मान्यताको अनुशीलन (Anek Ras ra Aek Mul Ras Sambandhi Manyatako Anushilan)
Authors: पौडेल Poudel बिष्णु Bishnu प्रसाद Prasad 
Published: August 2017

संस्कृत काव्यशास्त्रमा रस सिद्धान्त प्राचीन, अपेक्षाकृत व्यापक वा संश्लेषणकारीर बहुमान्य सिद्धान्त मानिन्छ । यसलाई सुरुमा नाटक केन्द्री बनाई भावमूलक कलात्मक स्थिति वा वस्तुपरक दृष्टिकोणका रूपमा र पछि समग्र साहित्य केन्द्री बनाई आत्मस्थ आस्वाद वा आत्मपरक दृष्टिकोणका रूपमा व्याख्या गर्ने काम भएको छ । वस्तुपरक व्याख्याले यसका भेद वा सङ्ख्यालाई पनि सङ्केत गर्ने भए पनि आत्मपरक व्याख्याले सामान्यतः त्यसको अखण्ड स्वरूपलाई सङ्केत गर्दछ । तर आत्मास्वाद बनेको रस पनि भावमा आधारित हुने र भावहरूको अनेकताका कारण बाह्य रूपमा त्यो अनेक पनि हुने ठानिन्छ । त्यसैले संस्कृत काव्यशास्त्रमा सुरुमा अनेक रसको चर्चा र केही समयपछि अनेक तथा एक मूल रसको कल्पना गरिएको छ । एउटै व्यक्ति (भोज) ले रसका अत्यधिक सङ्ख्या र एकै मूल रसको कल्पना पनि गरेको भेटिन्छ । यस्ता अनेक रसवादीमध्ये अधिकांशले मूलतः नवरसलाई नै महत्त्व दिएका छन् भने एक मूल रसवादीहरूले नवरसमध्येकै (कण, शान्त, शृङ्गार र अद्भुतमध्ये कुनै एउटालाई मूल र अरूलाई त्यर्सैबाट उत्पन्न रस मानेका छन् । यही सन्दर्भलाई यहा“ क्रमशः चर्चा गर्दै तिनको समकालीन साहित्यप्रतिको प्रासङ्गिकता पनि आकलन गर्न खोजिएको छ । Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Vol. 2, No.1 (December 2013), page: 110-121
HRV-based Stress Level Assessment Using Very Short Recordings
Authors: Jobbágy Ákos , Majnár Miklós , K. Tóth Lilla , Nagy Péter 
Published: August 2017

The increased stress level of an individual often influences the medical test results. Heart rate variability (HRV) can be used to characterize stress level. Parameters in the time domain are preferred, as they make the assessment possible from relatively short (3 - 5 minute-long) recordings. Electrocardiographic signal (ECG) in Einthoven I lead and photoplethysmographic signal (PPG) at the fingertip were recorded in parallel. This paper analyzes the differences between the lengths of successive heart cycles (NN); the ratio of these differences exceeding 50 ms (pNN50) is considered to be a good measure of stress. The parameter triplet pNNtri has been defined dividing the differences of successive NN intervals into three categories: pNN0_20 (0 – 20 ms), pNN20_50 (20 – 50 ms) and pNN50 (greater than 50 ms). pNNtri characterizes the actual stress level significantly better (especially for senior persons) than pNN50 alone. NN intervals determined from PPG differ from those determined from ECG recorded in parallel.
Endometrial osseous metaplasia: Presentation of two rare cases related with infertility, and their hysteroscopic approaching
Authors: Martínez-Más José , Gómez-Leal Paloma , Martínez-Cendán Juan Pedro , Bueno-Crespo Andrés , Ortiz-Reina Sebastián , López-Peña Carmen , Sánchez-Zapata María Isabel , Remezal-Solano Manuel 
Published: August 2017

Objective: To present two cases of patients diagnosed of endometrial osseous metaplasia related with infertility and their hysteroscopic approaching.
Design: Case report.
Setting: Two clinical cases diagnosed and treated at Institutional University Hospital. Patients: Two premenopasual women diagnosed and treated in our Center.
Interventions: Transvaginal ultrasound scan, diagnostic hysteroscopy and hysteroscopic removal of bone fragments. Main Outcome Measures: Ultrasound scan during further clinical follow up.
Results: Both patients underwent a diagnostic hysteroscopy, and removal of all the bone fragments with total resolution of their pathology.
Conclusions: Endometrial osseous metaplasia is a rare pathology that should be suspected in patients with a history of secondary infertility, several miscarriages and curettages, that present with an ultrasound image compatible with an intrauterine device. Hysteroscopic approach is the best diagnostic and therapeutic option.

Key words: Endometrial osseous metaplasia, bony intrauterine tissue, miscarriage, infertility, hysteroscopy, unadverted intrauterine device.
The Formation of Uranus and Neptune: Fine-tuning in Core Accretion
Authors: Frelikh Renata , Murray-Clay Ruth A. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Uranus and Neptune are ice giants with ∼15% atmospheres by mass, which places them in a category intermediate between rocky planets and gas giants. These atmospheres are too massive to have been primarily outgassed, but they never underwent runaway gas accretion. The ice giants never reached critical core mass (

) in a full gas disk, but their cores are

, suggesting that their envelopes were mainly accreted at the end of the disk lifetime. Pebble accretion calls into question traditional slow atmospheric growth during this phase. We show that the full-sized ice giants predominantly accreted gas from a disk depleted by at least a factor of ∼100. Such a disk dissipates in ≲105 years. Why would both cores stay subcritical for the entire ∼Myr disk lifetime, only to reach

in the final 105 years? This is fine tuned. Ice giants in the outer disk have atmospheric mass fractions comparable to the disk gas-to-solid ratio during the bulk of their gas accretion. This point in disk evolution coincides with a dynamical upheaval: the gas loses its ability to efficiently damp the core random velocities, allowing them to be gravitationally excited by Jupiter and Saturn. We suggest that the ice giants’ cores began growing on closer-in orbits (staying subcritical), and migrated out during this dynamical instability. There, their orbits circularized after accreting much of their mass in solids. Finally, they accreted their envelopes from a depleted nebula, where the sparseness of feeding-zone gas prevented runaway.
Pupil Masks for Spectrophotometry of Transiting Exoplanets
Authors: Itoh Satoshi , Matsuo Taro , Goda Shohei , Shibai Hiroshi , Sumi Takahiro 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Spectrophotometric stability, which is crucial in the spectral characterization of transiting exoplanets, is affected by photometric variations arising from field-stop loss in space telescopes with pointing jitter or primary mirror deformation. This paper focuses on a new method for removing slit-loss or field-stop-loss photometric variation through the use of a pupil mask. Two types of pupil function are introduced: the first uses conventional (e.g., Gaussian or hyper-Gaussian) apodizing patterns; whereas the second, which we call a block-shaped mask, employs a new type of pupil mask designed for high photometric stability. A methodology for the optimization of a pupil mask for transit observations is also developed. The block-shaped mask can achieve a photometric stability of 10−5 for a nearly arbitrary field-stop radius when the pointing jitter is smaller than approximately

and a photometric stability of 10−6 at a pointing jitter smaller than approximately

. The impact of optical aberrations and mask imperfections upon mask performance is also discussed.
Perpendicular Diffusion Coefficient of Comic Rays: The Presence of Weak Adiabatic Focusing
Authors: Wang J. F. , Qin G. , Ma Q. M. , Song T. , Yuan S. B. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The influence of adiabatic focusing on particle diffusion is an important topic in astrophysics and plasma physics. In the past, several authors have explored the influence of along-field adiabatic focusing on the parallel diffusion of charged energetic particles. In this paper, using the unified nonlinear transport theory developed by Shalchi and the method of He and Schlickeiser, we derive a new nonlinear perpendicular diffusion coefficient for a non-uniform background magnetic field. This formula demonstrates that the particle perpendicular diffusion coefficient is modified by along-field adiabatic focusing. For isotropic pitch-angle scattering and the weak adiabatic focusing limit, the derived perpendicular diffusion coefficient is independent of the sign of adiabatic focusing characteristic length. For the two-component model, we simplify the perpendicular diffusion coefficient up to the second order of the power series of the adiabatic focusing characteristic quantity. We find that the first-order modifying factor is equal to zero and that the sign of the second order is determined by the energy of the particles.
On the Age of the TRAPPIST-1 System
Authors: Burgasser Adam J. , Mamajek Eric E. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The nearby (d = 12 pc) M8 dwarf star TRAPPIST-1 (2MASS J23062928−0502285) hosts a compact system of at least seven exoplanets with sizes similar to Earth. Given its importance for testing planet formation and evolution theories, and for assessing the prospects for habitability among Earth-size exoplanets orbiting the most common type of star in the Galaxy, we present a comprehensive assessment of the age of this system. We collate empirical age constraints based on the color-absolute magnitude diagram, average density, lithium absorption, surface gravity features, metallicity, kinematics, rotation, and magnetic activity; and conclude that TRAPPIST-1 is a transitional thin/thick disk star with an age of 7.6 ± 2.2 Gyr. The star’s color–magnitude position indicates that it is slightly metal-rich, which is consistent with the previously reported near-infrared spectroscopic metallicity; and it has a radius

) that is larger by 8%–14% than the predictions of solar-metallicity evolutionary models. We discuss some implications of the old age of this system with regard to the stability and habitability of its planets.
Blind Millimeter Line Emitter Search using ALMA Data Toward Gravitational Lensing Clusters
Authors: Yamaguchi Yuki , Kohno Kotaro , Tamura Yoichi , Oguri Masamune , Ezawa Hajime , Hayatsu Natsuki H. , Kitayama Tetsu , Matsuda Yuichi , Matsuo Hiroshi , Oshima Tai , Ota Naomi , Izumi Takuma , Umehata Hideki 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We present the results of a blind millimeter line emitter search using ALMA Band 6 data with a single-frequency tuning toward four gravitational lensing clusters (RXJ1347.5−1145, Abell S0592, MACS J0416.1−2403, and Abell 2744). We construct 3D signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) cubes with 60 and 100 MHz binning, and search for millimeter line emitters. We do not detect any line emitters with a peak S/N > 5, although we do find a line emitter candidate with a peak S/N ≃ 4.5. These results provide upper limits to the CO(3−2), CO(4−3), CO(5−4), and [C ii] luminosity functions at z ≃ 0.3, 0.7, 1.2, and 6, respectively. Because of the magnification effect of gravitational lensing clusters, the new data provide the first constraints on the CO and [C ii] luminosity functions at unprecedentedly low luminosity levels, i.e., down to ≲10−3 – 10−1 Mpc−3 dex−1 at

K km s−1 pc2 and ≲10−3–10−2 Mpc−3 dex−1 at

, respectively. Although the constraints to date are not yet stringent, we find that the evolution of the CO and [C ii] luminosity functions are broadly consistent with the predictions of semi-analytical models. This study demonstrates that the wide observations with a single-frequency tuning toward gravitational lensing clusters are promising for constraining the CO and [C ii] luminosity functions.
Phaeohyphomycosis of the paranasal sinuses caused by Fonsecaea pedrosoi - A case report
Authors: Nagarajan Chadiesh , Thayanidhi Premamalini , Vijayaraman Rajyoganandh S , Kindo Anupma J , Samuel John 
Published: August 2017

Phaeohyphomycosis of paranasal sinuses is not very frequent. We here report a case of paranasal sinusitis caused by Fonsecaea pedrosoi in a 53 year old diabetic male, with deviated nasal septum. With surgical correction and antifungal treatment with itraconazole, the patient’s condition improved and he was discharged. Fonsecaea exists in the environment as a saprophyte and its infection is usually not lethal. However in immunocompromised individuals, when there is systemic invasion the mortality rate is high. With limited treatment options available for this fungus, early and prompt identification plays a major role not only in treatment, but also prevents further invasion.
Ventral Abdominal Hernia
Authors: Tchernev Georgi , Chokoeva Anastasiya , Lotti Jacopo , França Katlein , Lotti Torello 
Published: August 2017

A 63-year-old Caucasian female patient presented with redness of the both foot and lower legs, as well as edema of the left lower leg, accompanied by subjective complaints of burning. Fever was not reported. Well-circumscribed oval shaped tumor formation was revealed also on the abdominal wall, with hyperpigmented and depigmented areas on its ulcerated surface, measuring approximately 10/10cm in diameter, with soft-elastic texture on palpation. The lesion occurred in 2011, according to the patient’s history. No subjective complaints were reported in association. The performed ultrasonography revealed intestinal loops in the hernial sac, without incarceration. The diagnosis of ventral abdominal hernia without mechanical ileus was made. The patient was referred for planned surgical procedure, because of her refusal on this stage.The clinical manifestation of the tumor formation on the abdominal wall, required wide spectrum of differential diagnosis, including aneurysm of the abdominal aorta, abdominal tumor, subcutaneous tumor or metastasis or hernia. In the presented cases, the abdominal wall mass was a sporadic clinical finding in the framework of the total-body skin examination in patient with erysipelas. The lack of subjective symptoms, as well as the reported history for hysterectomy and previously abscessus were not enough indicative symptoms for the correct diagnosis. The diagnosis of non-complicated hernia was made via ultrasonography, while the clinical differentiation between hernia and other life-threatening conditions as aneurysms or tumor was not possible.
Khan Krum - ʺThe Fearsomeʺ: A Noble Bulgarian with Iris-Fibroma?
Authors: Tchernev Georgi , Mangarov Hristo , Chokoeva Anastasiya Atanasova 
Published: August 2017

A 40-year-old Caucasian, the otherwise healthy male patient, presented with 3-years history of a prominent tumor-like formation, located on his back, without subjective complaints. Initially, the lesion was 1-2 cm in size but gradually increased to a visible-pronounced tumor-like formation. No other dermatologic diseases, neither other known abnormalities were reported for the medical and family history. Softly-elastic on palpation tumor-like formation was established in the left infrascapular area of the back, measuring 8/9 cm in diameter. The lesion was clinically suspected for lipoma or another soft-tissue tumour with benign nature, so the patient underwent planned surgical excision under local anaesthesia. A tumour was excited with deep elliptical excision and furthered for histological evaluation, while the wound edges were sutured with single cutaneous stitches. Additionally, a large black-colored tattoo of the Bulgarian historical noble Khan Krum was also observed within the clinical examination, covering almost the whole upper 1/3 part of the patient’s back Within the careful clinical observation of the tattoo, we noticed a fibroma-like lesion, affecting the noble’s right iris. Fibromas are common benign tumours in Caucasians, composed of fibrous or connective tissue. They can be seen in all organs from mesenchymal tissue, in varies size. Eyelids are often commonly affected in elderly. Although very commonly seen in every day dermatological practice, fibromas have been never reported, located in the iris. In the presented case, a small ʺiris-fibromaʺ, hidden within a black-colored tattoo was diagnosed in a patient with lipoma, as a sporadic clinical finding.
Advertising in West Germany after World War II. A Case of an Americanization
Authors: Schröter Harm G. 
Published: August 2017

En Allemagne la publicité en tant que branche d’activité a profondément changé après la seconde guerre mondiale : il en a résulté une influence considérable sur l’américanisation du comportement du consommateur allemand. Aujourd’hui, les méthodes du marketing à l’américaine sont dominantes. Ce processus d’américanisation s’est effectué en deux étapes : essor des agences de publicité dans les années 1950, développement des concepts du marketing liés à l’essor de la consommation de masse à partir du milieu des années 1960. Néanmoins il subsiste encore des différences sensibles entre les modèles allemand et américain en matière d’activité publicitaire.