bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bringing 3D tumor models to the clinic – predictive value for personalized medicine
Authors: Halfter Kathrin , Mayer Barbara 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCurrent decision‐guiding algorithms in cancer drug treatment are based on decades of research and numerous clinical trials. For the majority of patients, this data is successfully applied for a systemic disease management. For a number of patients however, treatment stratification according to clinically based risk criteria will not be sufficient. The most effective treatment options are ideally identified prior to the start of clinical drug therapy. This review will discuss the implementation of three‐dimensional (3D) cell culture models as a preclinical testing paradigm for the efficacy of clinical cancer treatment. Patient tumor‐derived cells in 3D cultures duplicate the individual tumor microenvironment with a minimum of confounding factors. Clinical implementation of such personalized tumor models requires a high quality of methodological and clinical validation comparable to other biomarkers. A non‐systematic literature search demonstrated the small number of prospective studies that have been conducted in this area of research. This may explain the current reluctance of many physicians and insurance providers in implementing this type of assay into the clinical diagnostic routine despite potential benefit for patients. Achieving valid and reproducible results with a high level of evidence is central in improving the acceptance of preclinical 3D tumor models.
Juror Decision‐making in Death Penalty Sentencing when Presented with Defendant's History of Child Abuse or Neglect
Authors: Bell Holleran Lisa L. , Vaughan Tyler J. , Vandiver Donna M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPrevious studies have found aggravating, mitigating, and null effects of defendant histories of abuse and neglect on punishment preferences in capital sentencing. Perceiving these defendants as more dangerous, jurors may be more likely to favor the death penalty when such evidence is presented. This is counter to the intuition that abuse or neglect reduces culpability, and therefore mitigates the severity of punishment. We investigated the effect of defendant childhood physical abuse, sexual abuse, or neglect on the probability of a prospective juror preferring the death penalty in an between‐subject experimental design. Using vignettes and two large samples (students and jurors), defendant histories were found to mitigate the probability that the hypothetical defendant received the death penalty, with sexual abuse having the most salient effect. Further, the effects were conditioned by preference for the death penalty – larger mitigating effects were observed among individuals who favor the death penalty. These findings suggest that initial judgments of abuse and neglect are related to juror leniency, and further research on the interaction of jury instructions and defendant histories is needed. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collaborative filtering recommendation for MOOC application
Authors: Pang Yanxia , Jin Yuanyuan , Zhang Ying , Zhu Tao 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTWith the fast development of MOOC in recent years, one MOOC platform has more than millions of learners and thousands of courses. Personality course recommendation is necessary to help people discover potentially interested courses by analyzing user behaviors. Collaborative Filtering (CF) has been shown to be effective on recommending items according to users in same interests on same items. In this paper, considering the effectiveness and efficiency of CF, we proposed a method called Multi‐Layer Bucketing Recommendation (MLBR) to recommend courses on MOOC. MLBR changes learner vectors into same length dimension and scatters them into buckets which contain similar learners with more courses in common. At the same time, MLBR reduces the time cost of online, offline and update computation in CF recommendation. Furthermore, we extend MLBR with map‐reduce technique to improve the efficiency. Extensive experiments on real‐world MOOC datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed model. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 25:120–128, 2017; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21785
Cancer‐associated fibroblasts promote M2 polarization of macrophages in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Aibin , Qian Yigang , Ye Zhou , Chen Haiyong , Xie Haiyang , Zhou Lin , Shen Yan , Zheng Shusen 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by remarkable desmoplasia with infiltration of distinct cellular components. Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) has been shown to be among the most prominent cells and played a significant role in shaping the tumor microenvironment by interacting with other type of cells. Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of CAFs in modulating phenotype of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAM). Under treatment of CAFs conditioned medium (CM) or direct co‐culture with CAFs, monocytes exhibited enhanced expression of CD206 and CD163 compared with control group (P < 0.01). The induction of M2 polarization was mediated by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in monocytes as ROS elimination abolished the effect of CAFs (P < 0.05). The supernatant analysis showed that pancreatic CAFs produced increased macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF). Upon treatment of M‐CSF neutralizing antibody, the ROS generation and M2 polarization of CAFs CM‐stimulated monocytes were significantly inhibited (P < 0.05). In addition, the CAFs‐induced M2 macrophages significantly enhanced pancreatic tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion. Collectively, our data revealed that pancreatic CAFs were able to induce a tumor‐promoting TAM phenotype partly through secreted M‐CSF and enhanced ROS production in monocytes, indicating possible treatment strategies by targeting stromal cell interaction within PDAC microenvironment.
Anion–π Interactions in Flavoproteins Involve a Substantial Charge‐Transfer Component
Authors: Yurenko Yevgen P. , Bazzi Sophia , Marek Radek , Kozelka Jiří 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAnion–π interactions have been shown to stabilize flavoproteins and to regulate the redox potential of the flavin cofactor. They are commonly attributed to electrostatic forces. Herein we show that anion–flavin interactions can have a substantial charge‐transfer component. Our conclusion emanates from a multi‐approach theoretical analysis and is backed by previously reported observations of absorption bands, originating from charge transfer between oxidized flavin and proximate cysteine thiolate groups. This partial covalency of anion–flavin contacts renders classical simulations of flavoproteins questionable.
Role of the Edge Properties in the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on MoS2
Authors: Lazar Petr , Otyepka Michal 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMolybdenum disulfide, in particular its edges, has attracted considerable attention as possible substitute for platinum catalysts in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The complex nature of the reaction complicates its detailed experimental investigations, which are mostly indirect and sample dependent. Therefore, density functional theory calculations were employed to study how the properties of the MoS2 Mo‐edge influence the thermodynamics of hydrogen adsorption onto the edge. The effect of the computational model (one‐dimensional nanostripe), border symmetry imposed by its length, sulfur saturation of the edge, and dimensionality of the material are discussed. Hydrogen adsorption was found to depend critically on the coverage of extra sulfur at the Mo edge. The bare Mo‐edge and fully sulfur‐covered Mo‐edge are catalytically inactive. The most favorable hydrogen binding towards HER was found for the Mo‐edge covered by sulfur monomers. This edge provides hydrogen adsorption free energies positioned around −0.25 eV at up to 50 % hydrogen coverage, close to the experimental values of overpotential needed for the HER reaction.
The impact of childhood cancer: Perceptions of adult survivors
Authors: Willard Victoria W. , Klosky James L. , Li Chenghong , Srivastava Deo Kumar , Brinkman Tara M. , Robison Leslie L. , Hudson Melissa M. , Phipps Sean 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to describe perceptions and associated risk factors of the impact of cancer on functional outcomes, including social relationships, exercise, finances, and religion, among adult survivors of childhood cancer.METHODSEvaluable participants included 3001 adult survivors (mean age, 32.5 years; range, 18.3‐63.8 years; 24.1 years from diagnosis; 50.8% male; 84.9% Caucasian) who were enrolled in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort study. Perceptions of the impact of cancer were assessed using the Brief Cancer Impact Assessment (BCIA). Regression models were used to evaluate risk factors for functional outcomes.RESULTSThe median response on the BCIA was a perception that cancer had minimal impact on the domains assessed. Approximately 33.1% to 46.6% of survivors indicated this response across the 4 subscales, although responses ranged from very positive to very negative impact. Other than diagnosis (with survivors of brain tumors generally indicating a more negative impact of cancer, with subscale estimates of −1.25 for caregiving and finance and −1.01 for social and emotional and an odds ratio of 1.83 for exercise and diet), most variability was because of demographic factors, including sex, age, race, education, and employment.CONCLUSIONSThe current findings highlight that many long‐term adult survivors perceive minimal impact of childhood cancer on functional aspects of adulthood, including caregiving, finances, exercise, social‐emotional relationships, and religion. This suggests that survivors may not be focusing on the influence of likely physical and psychological late effects of their disease in their day‐to‐day lives. For those who do perceive a negative impact, variability in responses suggests that there are of survivors who may benefit from interventions focused on the achievement of functional goals. Cancer 2017;123:1625–1634. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Biocatalytic Reduction of HMF to 2,5‐Bis(hydroxymethyl)furan by HMF‐Tolerant Whole Cells
Authors: Li Yan‐Mei , Zhang Xue‐Ying , Li Ning , Xu Pei , Lou Wen‐Yong , Zong Min‐Hua 
Published: January 2017

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the group of Min‐Hua Zong at South China University of Technology. The image shows the selective synthesis of 2,5‐bis(hydroxymethyl)furan from 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) using highly HMF‐tolerant whole cells. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.201601426.
Xenopus laevis as a model system to study cytoskeletal dynamics during axon pathfinding
Authors: Slater Paula G , Hayrapetian Laurie , Lowery Laura Anne 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe model system, Xenopus laevis, has been used in innumerable research studies and has contributed to the understanding of multiple cytoskeletal components, including actin, microtubules, and neurofilaments, during axon pathfinding. Xenopus developmental stages have been widely characterized, and the Xenopus genome has been sequenced, allowing gene expression modifications through exogenous molecules. Xenopus cell cultures are ideal for long periods of live imaging because they are easily obtained and maintained, and they do not require special culture conditions. In addition, Xenopus have relatively large growth cones, compared to other vertebrates, thus providing a suitable system for imaging cytoskeletal components. Therefore, X. laevis is an ideal model organism in which to study cytoskeletal dynamics during axon pathfinding.
Maternal messages to live by: a personal historical perspective
Authors: King Mary Lou 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn the 1980s, the study of localized maternal mRNAs was just emerging as a new research area. Classic embryological studies had linked the inheritance of cytoplasmic domains with specific cell lineages, but the underlying molecular nature of these putative determinants remained a mystery. The model system Xenopus would play a pivotal role in the progress of this new field. In fact, the first localized maternal mRNA to be identified and cloned from any organism was Xenopus vg1, a TGF‐beta family member. This seminal finding opened the door to many subsequent studies focused on how RNAs are localized and what functions they had in development. As the field moves into the future, Xenopus remains the system of choice for studies identifying RNA/protein transport particles and maternal RNAs through RNA‐sequencing.
New‐generation mass spectrometry expands the toolbox of cell and developmental biology
Authors: Lombard‐Banek Camille , Portero Erika P. , Onjiko Rosemary M. , Nemes Peter 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSystems cell biology understanding of development requires characterization of all the molecules produced in the biological system. Decades of research and new‐generation sequencing provided functional information on key genes and transcripts. However, there is less information available on how differential gene expression translates into the domains of functionally important proteins, peptides, and metabolites, and how changes in these molecules impact development. Mass spectrometry (MS) is the current technology of choice for the detection and quantification of large numbers of proteins and metabolites, because it requires no use of antibodies, functional probes, or a priori knowledge of molecules produced in the system. This review focuses on recent technologies that have improved MS sensitivity for proteins and metabolites and enabled new functionalities to assess their temporal and spatial changes during vertebrate embryonic development. This review highlights case studies, in which new‐generation MS tools have enabled the study of hundreds‐to‐thousands of proteins and metabolites in tissues, cell populations, and single cells in model systems of vertebrate development, particularly the frog (Xenopus), zebrafish, and mouse. New‐generation MS expands the toolbox of cell and developmental studies, raising exciting potentials to advance basic and translational research in the life sciences.
Transcriptional dynamics of tail regeneration in Xenopus tropicalis
Authors: Chang Jessica , Baker Julie , Wills Andrea 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn contrast to humans, many amphibians are able to rapidly and completely regenerate complex tissues, including entire appendages. Following tail amputation, Xenopus tropicalis tadpoles quickly regenerate muscle, spinal cord, cartilage, vasculature and skin, all properly patterned in three dimensions. To better understand the molecular basis of this regenerative competence, we performed a transcriptional analysis of the first 72 h of tail regeneration using RNA‐Seq. Our analysis refines the windows during which many key biological signaling processes act in regeneration, including embryonic patterning signals, immune responses, bioelectrical signaling and apoptosis. Our work provides a deep database for researchers interested in appendage regeneration, and points to new avenues for further study.
A Voltammetric Electronic Tongue for the Quantitative Analysis of Quality Parameters in Wastewater
Authors: Martínez‐Bisbal M. Carmen , Loeff Edwin , Olivas Estela , Carbó Noèlia , García‐Castillo F. Javier , López‐Carrero Javier , Tormos Isabel , Tejadillos Francisco José , Berlanga José Guillermo , Martínez‐Máñez Ramón , Alcañiz Miguel , Soto Juan 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe use of a voltammetric electronic tongue for the quantitative analysis of quality parameters in influent wastewater from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) that treats domestic and industrial wastewater is proposed. The electronic voltammetric tongue consists of a set of four noble electrodes (iridium, rhodium, platinum and gold) housed inside a stainless steel cylinder. These noble metals have high durability and are low maintenance‐demanding, as required for developing future automated equipment. A pulse voltammetry study was conducted in 35 wastewater samples to determine ammonia (NH4+‐N), nitrates (NO3−‐N), total phosphate (tot‐P), soluble chemical oxygen demand (CODs) and conductivity. These parameters were also determined in these samples by routine analytical methods in the WWTP laboratory. A partial least squares (PLS) analysis was run to obtain a model to predict each parameter. Twenty‐five samples were included in the calibration set and 10 in the validation set. Calibration and validation sets were selected randomly, except for the extreme values of each parameter, which were included in the calibration set. Variable selection was performed on the voltammetric data using Genetic Algorithms in the calibration data set for each parameter. The electronic tongue showed good predictive power to determine the concentrations of NH4+‐N, NO3−‐N and tot‐P and CODs.
Softening effects of RC nonstructural flat walls on ductile concrete buildings
Authors: Sanada Yasushi , Yoon Rokhyun , Akahori Takumi , Ojio Yuto , Choi Ho , Kim Yousok 
Published: January 2017

SummaryNonstructural reinforced concrete flat walls architecturally designed as exterior/partition walls in concrete buildings were severely damaged by the 2011 earthquake off the Pacific coast of Tohoku. This damage was observed in the monolithic nonstructural flat walls of relatively old ductile concrete buildings. Although these flat walls might affect the overall seismic performance and behavior of a building, the nonstructural wall effects have not been clarified because of the complex interactions among the structural components. To understand these effects, this paper conducts an experimental and numerical investigation of the nonstructural wall effects, focusing on a typical residential building damaged by the 2011 earthquake. A single‐story, one‐bay moment‐resisting frame model of the building with a nonstructural flat wall was tested to clarify the fundamental behavior. The results reveal that the wall significantly contributed to the seismic performance of the overall frame until it failed in shear, subsequently losing structural effectiveness. Such experimental wall behavior could be simulated by the isoparametric element model. Moreover, the structural effects of the nonstructural flat walls on the global seismic performance and behavior of the investigated building were discussed through earthquake response analyses using ground motions recorded near the building site and pushover analyses. Consequently, the building damage could be simulated in an analytical case considering the nonstructural flat walls, showing larger inter‐story drifts in the lower stories due to softening of the walls. The analytical results also indicated that the softening of the nonstructural flat walls decreased the building ductility, as defined by ultimate inter‐story drifts. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental results of split flow process using AMP/PZ solution for post‐combustion CO2 capture
Authors: Krótki Aleksander , Tatarczuk Adam , Stec Marcin , Spietz Tomasz , Więcław‐Solny Lucyna , Wilk Andrzej , Cousins Ashleigh 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe goal of reducing energy consumption of the CO2 removal process from flue gas may be pursued by developing new solvents as well as by modifying the technological process itself. This paper provides a discussion of the experimental results obtained from a process development unit (PDU) using an aqueous 2‐amino‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanol (AMP) solution activated with piperazine (PZ) for post‐combustion carbon capture located at the Clean Coal Technologies Centre in Poland. The results are compared for two distinct process setups, namely one with the lean amine stream being split – a solution referred to as split flow, and a system with standard configuration. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Perirhinal cortex involvement in allocentric spatial learning in the rat: Evidence from doubly marked tasks
Authors: Ramos Juan M.J. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTIt has recently been suggested that the different cortices of the medial temporal lobe support a mixture of object and spatial processing functions, challenging the anterior model that emphasized a strict functional differentiation between regions. However, for some structures, the perirhinal cortex (Prh) for example, a number of studies using lesion methods have shown a profound deficit exclusively in tasks involving object learning but not allocentric spatial learning. It may be that the learning paradigms used in previous studies have not been sensitive enough to detect a possible allocentric deficit in Prh‐lesioned animals. To examine whether Prh lesions critically affect allocentric spatial learning, experimental and control rats were trained in two doubly marked navigation tasks. In experiment 1, the use of either one of two different memory systems, allocentric versus egocentric, made it possible to locate the goal arm in a four‐arm radial maze. In experiment 2, rats had to choose between an allocentric versus a S‐R/habit strategy, both of which predicted the location of the goal arm. Results showed that both experimental and control animals learned both navigation tasks well, reaching the same level of performance at the end of training. However, a probe test performed 1 day after the learning ended revealed that Prh‐damaged animals learned both tasks predominantly using a non‐allocentric strategy. Specifically, in lesioned subjects the percentage of egocentric correct responses (experiment 1) and the percentage of habit‐based correct responses (experiment 2) was significantly higher than in the control rats. On the other hand, in both experiments, control rats in the probe test presented a significantly higher number of allocentric correct responses than the lesioned subjects. These results clearly suggest that Prh is normally needed for using allocentric strategies in order to solve a navigation problem. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development Shapes a Consistent Inbreeding Effect in Mouse Crania of Different Line Crosses
Authors: Pavličev Mihaela , Mitteroecker Philipp , Gonzalez Paula M. , Rolian Campbell , Jamniczky Heather , Villena Fernando Pardo‐Manuel , Marcucio Ralph , Spritz Richard , Hallgrimsson Benedikt 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDevelopment translates genetic variation into a multivariate pattern of phenotypic variation, distributing it among traits in a nonuniform manner. As developmental processes are largely shared within species, this suggests that heritable phenotypic variation will be patterned similarly, in spite of the different segregating alleles. To investigate developmental effect on the variational pattern in the shape of the mouse skull across genetically differentiated lines, we employed the full set of reciprocal crosses (a.k.a. diallel) between eight inbred mouse strains of the Collaborative Cross Project. We used geometric morphometrics and multivariate analysis to capture cranial size and shape changes in 8 parentals and their 54 F1 crosses. The high heterozygosity generated in the F1 crosses allowed us to compare the multivariate deviations of the F1 phenotypes from the expected midparental phenotypes in different haplotype combinations. In contrast to body weight, we found a high degree of nonadditive deviation in craniofacial shape. Whereas the phenotypic and genetic divergence of parental strains manifested in high dimensionality of additive effects, the nonadditive deviations exhibited lesser dimensionality and in particular a strikingly coherent direction in shape space. We interpret this finding as evidence for a strong structuring effect of a relatively small set of developmental processes on the mapping of genetic to phenotypic variation.