bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Connection between psychological holistic factor and life satisfaction in old age – propensity score methods
Authors: Kaučič Boris Miha , Filej Bojana , Ovsenik Marija 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Introduction. Holism has been poorly researched in the field of health and social gerontology. The old man is a whole, therefore he needs a holistic treatment. It means that we consider his bio-psycho-social and spiritual needs. The purpose of the research is to determine the relationship of a psychological holistic factor with life satisfaction in old age.

Material and methods. For the needs of the research work, a quantitative research method was used. A simple random sample was selected from the statistical set. The survey included 1064 elderly people in Slovenia (65 years and over) in ten statistical regions living in the domestic (n=532) and institutional (n=532). Environment. Sample realization was 61.6 % (656 correct questionnaires). According to demographic data, the survey involved 470 (71.6%) women and 186 (28.4%) men. The average age of the respondent was 78.2 years. The data was analyzed with the R MICE package. The analysis of causal effects and conditional associations advanced statistical methods, i.e. propensity score methods, and a questionnaire as a structured measurement instrument were used.

Results. Obtained research results imply a scientific contribution in the field of quality management of people in old age and their life quality. On the basis of statistical calculations, the hypothesis that the psychological holistic factor (R2=0.21) is related to life satisfaction in old age is confirmed. We proved that indexes: social networks (R2=0.176), positive emotions (R2=0.366), loneliness (R2=0.151), cognitive abilities (R2=0.162) studied within a psychological holistic factor affect life satisfaction.

Discussion and conclusion. Research confirmed that within the psychological factor, the most intimately related to life satisfaction is the emotional index, followed by the index of social networks, cognitive abilities and the last index of loneliness. For the holistic treatment of old man, in which the psychological factor is the only one of the four holistic factors, both structural and process changes are required for achievement of better outcomes, in our case, higher levels of satisfaction with life in old age.
Health literacy and health related lifestyle among nursing students
Authors: Kolnik Tamara Štemberger , Hozjan Dejan , Babnik Katarina 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Introduction. Nursing students are an important population for the study of health literacy and health-related behaviours. On one hand, they are a population of young adults, that is starting to independently take care of their own health and on the other hand, they are becoming professionals who will provide support and pass knowledge to people making changes in their lifestyle in order to preserve their health or to manage a disease. The focus of this research is therefore oriented towards the study of health literacy and behavior related to health in the population of nursing students.

Material and methods. We have studied health literacy and behaviour related to health on a sample of 337 students from the health care study programmes in Slovenia. We utilised two instruments to measure students’ health literacy (Health Literacy Screening Questions and Quick assessment of literacy and primary care – Newest vital sign) and a scale to measure health-related behaviors.

Results. Factor analysis identified three dimensions of health literacy: the understanding of health or disease, the understanding of the instructions received in the health system and the orientation within the health system. Variables related to health literacy and health-related behaviors are closely connected.

Discussion and conclusion. The education of nursing students should put emphasis on the topics of health literacy and their own health care. It should also support and encourage students to maintain healthy living habits, as they themselves should set an example of what they teach the patients.
Sleep disorders as a common social problem - selected determinants and health consequences
Authors: Sykut Anna , Ślusarska Barbara , Jędrzejkiewicz Bernadeta , Nowicki Grzegorz 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze determinants of the sleep disorders in adults and their health consequences based on the literature review.

Material and methods. The method of systematic analysis of literature was applied for the study. The literature review by keywords was based on the data from the Google Scholar web search databases, EBSCO Discovery Service (EDS) search engines, Arianta scientific and industry journals, and information from the years 2010-2017 available on the website.

Results. Poor quality of sleep and too few sleep hours can be both a consequence and a cause of overweight and obesity. Such phenomena cause adverse changes in the endocrine system - in the form of hormonal imbalance affecting appetite, blood glucose level and the development of insulin resistance, what in turn, leads to disease development. It is, therefore, necessary to educate patients about proper sleep hygiene, reducing excessive body weight and developing healthy eating habits.

Conclusions. There is a relationship between sleep disorders together with eating disorders and somatic diseases. Sleep disorders can predispose to obesity, adversely affect the carbohydrate balance, causing increased insulin resistance and increased chance of developing type 2 diabetes, as well as numerous cardiovascular diseases.
Life enhancement of Nozzle Guide Vane of an Aero Gas Turbine Engine through Pack Aluminization
Authors: Mishra R K , Kumar Prashant , Rajesh K , Das C R , Sharma Ganapathi , Srivastava D K 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPack aluminization of high pressure turbine nozzle guide vane of an aero gas turbine engine has been carried out following a well defined systematic procedure. The process parameters are first optimized on dummy vanes and optimized process is followed for the actual vanes for evaluation and testing. Visual and binocular examination followed by metallurgical evaluation have been carried out to validate the process and to establish the adequacy and correctness of the coating. The coated vanes are then evaluated through engine level tests for performance and durability. The results of engine level tests and inspection post accelerated mission test cycles ensure that the vanes with aluminide coating can withstand severe engine operating cycles without any damage or failure which would otherwise would have happened without the coating. The condition of vanes post endurance test is also an indication of enhanced life of the vanes with coating.
Electrical Conductivity of Molten Carbonate and Carbonate–Chloride Systems Coexisting with Aluminium Oxide Powder
Authors: Nikolaeva Elena V. , Bovet Andrey L. , Zakiryanova Irina D. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The electrical properties of composite electrolytes (suspensions) composed of α-Al2O3 powder and molten carbonate eutectic (Li2CO3–Na2CO3–K2CO3)eut or molten carbonate–chloride mixture 0.72(Li2CO3–Na2CO3–K2CO3)eut–0.28NaCl have been investigated by AC impedance method. This system shows a dependence of the electrical conductivity upon the temperature and the α-Al2O3 content. The specific electrical conductivity of the α-Al2O3/(Li2CO3–Na2CO3–K2CO3)eut system can be adequately described by the Maxwell equation for two-phase heterogeneous materials. The regression equation for the dependence of the specific conductivity of the α-Al2O3/(Li2CO3–Na2CO3–K2CO3)eut composite on the aluminium oxide concentration and temperature was obtained.
Áreas lexicais no Centro-Sul do Brasil sob uma perspectiva geolinguística
Authors: Romano Valter Pereira 
Published: November 2017

Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta resultados principais de uma pesquisa que visa discutir, sob o ponto de vista lexical, a divisão dialetal proposta por Antenor Nascentes (1953) no que tange à área geográfica denominada pelo estudioso como subfalar sulista. Foram adotados os procedimentos teóricos e metodológicos da Dialetologia e da Geolinguística e, como corpus de análise, utilizados os dados do Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil, correspondentes a 118 municípios brasileiros, totalizando 472 informantes. Quatro questões do Questionário Semântico-Lexical (QSL) foram selecionadas para validar a hipótese de que a área geográfica investigada é heterogênea linguisticamente. Com base na observação do comportamento diatópico de algumas variantes lexicais, conclui-se que a porção setentrional do território investigado apresenta diferenças em relação à parte meridional, evidenciando a existência de dois possíveis falares: o paulista e o sulista.Palavras-chave: Projeto ALiB; subfalar sulista; variação lexical.Abstract: This work presents the main results of a research that aims to discuss, under the lexical perspective, the dialectal division proposed by Antenor Nascentes (1953) with regard to the geographical area called by the scholar as sulista subspeech. The theoretical and methodological assumptions of Dialectology and Geolinguistics were adopted and the analytical corpus used was the data of the Linguistic Atlas Project of Brazil corresponding to 118 Brazilian municipalities, totaling 472 informants. Four questions from the Lexical-Semantic Questionnaire were selected to validate the hypothesis that the geographical area investigated is linguistically heterogeneous. From the observation of the diatopical behavior of some lexical variants, it is concluded that the northern portion of the territory investigated presents differences in relation to the southern part, showing the existence of two types of speech: the paulista and the sulista.Keywords: ALiB Project; Sulista subspeech; Lexical variation.
Investment Analysis of Cover Crop and No‐Tillage Systems on Tennessee Cotton
Authors: Boyer Christopher N. , Lambert Dayton M. , Larson James A. , Tyler Donald D. 
Published: November 2017

Core IdeasInvestment into no‐till reduces risk.Risk averse producers prefer no‐till over tillage.Cover crops increased risk compared to no cover crops.Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) fields have minimal amounts of soil surface crop residue after harvest, exposing soil and increasing the risk of erosion. This is especially challenging in the Mid‐South United States where cotton is commonly grown on soils naturally prone to soil erosion. Winter cover crops and no‐till planting are two practices that can mitigate soil erosion by increasing soil surface biomass, but there is uncertainty on how these practices impact producer profits and risk. The objective of this study was to determine the profitability and risk of winter cover crop (no cover crop, winter wheat [Triticum aestivumL.], and hairy vetch [Vicia villosaL.]) treatments and tillage (no‐till and till) treatments in cotton production. Simulation models were developed to generate net present value (NPV) distributions of investing into the long‐term use of cover crop and tillage systems. Data were collected from a 29‐yr cotton N fertilizer, tillage, and cover crop experiment in West Tennessee. Profit‐maximizing N rates and yields varied across cover crop and tillage combinations. Risk neutral, profit‐maximizing producers would prefer till planting and not planting a cover crop. Risk averse producers prefer no‐till planting with no cover crops. These results indicate that no‐till planting can reduce cotton producers’ exposure to risk. The NPV approach and the long‐term dataset provides unique insight into the economic benefits from investing into continuous cover crop and no‐till systems in cotton production.
Respiratory burst oxidase‐D Expression and Biochemical Responses in Festuca arundinacea under Drought Stress
Authors: Rohollahi Iman , Khoshkholghsima Nayer , Nagano Hironori , Hoshino Yoichiro , Yamada Toshihiko 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases catalyze the production of superoxide, a type of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In plants, the NADPH oxidase homologs have been identified as respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rboh). They are involved in ROS production in response to drought stress. Three entries of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) were used for analyses in the present study: tolerant (‘Isfahan’) and sensitive (‘Quchan’) accessions to drought during the germination stage, selected from 14 wild populations in Iran, as well as ‘Barvado’ as a control. Partial sequence of the Festuca respiratory burst oxidase‐D (FrbohD) gene was isolated from Barvado. We compared expression levels of the FrbohD gene as well as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), catalase activity and some biochemical responses among the three entries. Gene expression was evaluated for leaf and shoot samples subjected to 3, 6, and 9 d without water. The transcript level of FrbohD, H2O2 content, and catalase activity increased in Quchan under drought stress. It appears that lower levels of FrbohD gene transcription and H2O2 concentration in F. arundinacea leaves contributed to drought stress tolerance in Isfahan. Total protein and total soluble carbohydrate content also increased significantly in Isfahan when it was subjected to drought stress. Isfahan exhibited drought resistance through various strategies, which could serve as selection criteria for improving drought resistance in turfgrass breeding programs.
Molecular Enhancement of Alfalfa: Improving Quality Traits for Superior Livestock Performance and Reduced Environmental Impact
Authors: Singer Stacy D. , Weselake Randall J. , Acharya Surya 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTForage crops, including grasses and legumes, comprise a critical component of the livestock industry. Although alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is the most widely grown of the perennial leguminous forage species due to a number of positive attributes, it also suffers from various drawbacks related to inefficiencies in rumen fermentation. This results not only in the inferior conversion of plant‐derived nitrogen into milk and meat products, and associated economic losses for producers, but can also lead to serious health issues in livestock and have negative environmental impacts. Therefore, there is currently an impetus for the improvement of traits in alfalfa that could enhance nitrogen and energy use, provide health benefits to the livestock it feeds, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Since gains in this area using conventional breeding approaches have proven difficult to achieve, molecular breeding strategies are currently being assessed for their potential to provide a complementary approach. In this review, we examine progress made thus far with regards to improving such quality traits in alfalfa using biotechnological strategies and discuss future priorities and avenues that have the potential to support a sustainable, environmentally friendly, and productive livestock industry.
Point and Click Data: An Assessment of Editorial Perceptions and Recommendations for the Peer-Review Process in the New Data Frontier
Authors: Thibodeau Jay C. , Williams L. Tyler , Witte Annie L. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT
In the new research frontier of data availability, this study develops guidelines to aid accounting academicians as they seek to evidence data integrity proactively in the peer-review process. To that end, we explore data integrity issues associated with two emerging data streams that are gaining prominence in the accounting literature: online labor markets and social media sources. We provide rich detail surrounding academic thought about these data platforms through interview data collected from a sample of former senior journal editors and survey data collected from a sample of peer reviewers. We then propound a set of best practice considerations that are designed to mitigate the perceived risks identified by our assessment.
La calidad de la información periodística de elespectador.com. El caso del Plebiscito por la Paz, 2016 en Colombia
Authors: Acosta Raúl Alberto , Brunet Marcelo A. , Córdoba Juan Carlos 
Published: November 2017

El artículo analiza las piezas periodísticas producidas y emitidas por el elespectador.com durante el proceso electoral del Plebiscito por La Paz 2016, en Colombia. Se examina cuáles fueron las fuentes de información que utilizaron los periodistas para elaborar las piezas informativas, cuáles fueron los géneros periodísticos utilizados y qué cantidad de fuentes se emplearon en cada nota informativa. Metodología. Análisis de carácter descriptivo que usa metodología mixta, es decir técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas, de ahí que veamos en el análisis de contenido una herramienta eficaz en el logro de los objetivos. Resultados. Se destaca la noticia y la columna de opinión como los géneros periodísticos narrativos predilectos; mientras que resulta baja la presencia de fuentes documentales que vigoricen la información. Conclusiones. La baja calidad periodística es evidente lo que redunda en una opinión pública mal informada, abonando y concibiendo un periodismo de declaraciones.
Quantitation and Confirmation of Chloramphenicol, Florfenicol, and Nitrofuran Metabolites in Honey Using LC-MS/MS
Authors: Veach Brian T , Anglin Renea , Mudalige Thilak K , Barnes Paula J 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper describes a rapid and robust method utilizing a single liquid–liquid extraction for the quantitation and confirmation of chloramphenicol, florfenicol, and nitrofuran metabolites in honey. This methodology combines two previous extraction methods into a single extraction procedure and utilizes matrix-matched calibration standards and stable isotopically labeled standards to improve quantitation. The combined extraction procedure reduces the average extraction time by &gt;50% when compared with previously used procedures. The drug residues were determined using two separate LC-tandem MS conditions. Validation of all the analytes was performed, with average quantitation ranging from 92 to 105% for all analytes and the RSDs for all analytes being ≤12%.
Head motion correction based on filtered backprojection for x‐ray CT imaging
Authors: Jang Seokhwan , Kim Seungeon , Kim Mina , Ra Jong Beom 
Published: November 2017

PurposeFor head x‐ray CT imaging, the head needs to remain motionless during the scan. In clinical practice, however, head motion is sometimes unavoidable depending on the patient. The motion can occur abruptly during the scan and can be unpredictable. It thereby causes motion artifacts such as tissue blurring or doubled edges around the skull area. To mitigate this problem, we propose a 3D head motion estimation (ME) and compensation algorithm based on filtered backprojection.MethodsIf a patient moves his or her head during the scan, a motion‐corrupted sinogram is obtained. Modeling the head motion as a 3D rigid transformation, we develop a motion‐compensated (MC) reconstruction algorithm based on the FDK algorithm. To determine the head motion of a rigid transformation, we propose two optimization‐based ME schemes depending on the degree of head motion, both of which are performed by updating motion parameters and the corresponding MC reconstructed image alternatively until the proposed cost function is minimized for the MC reconstructed image. In particular, to improve the robustness in the case of large motion, we propose attaching a fiducial marker to the head so that more reliable motion parameters can be initialized by determining the marker position, before the optimization. To evaluate the proposed algorithm, a numerical phantom with realistic, continuous, and smoothly varying motion, and a moving physical phantom are used with a gantry rotation time of 1 s.ResultsIn the simulation using a numerical phantom and in the experiment using a physical phantom, the proposed algorithm provides well‐restored 3D motion‐compensated images in both cases of small and large motion. In particular, in the case of large motion of the physical phantom, using a fiducial marker, we obtain remarkable improvement of image quality in cerebral arteries and a lesion as well as the skull. Quantitative evaluations using the image sharpness and root‐mean‐square error also show noticeable improvement of image quality in both simulations and experiments.ConclusionsWe propose a framework for head motion correction in an axial CT scan, which consists of motion estimation and compensation steps. Two image‐based ME algorithms for rigid motion tracking are developed according to the degree of head motion. The estimated motion information is then used for MC image reconstruction. Both motion estimation and compensation algorithms are based on computationally efficient filtered backprojection. Excellent performance of the proposed framework is illustrated by means of simulations using a numerical phantom and experiments using a physical phantom.
Modulation of Immune Signaling and Metabolism Highlights Host and Fungal Transcriptional Responses in Mouse Models of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis
Authors: Kale Shiv D. , Ayubi Tariq , Chung Dawoon , Tubau-Juni Nuria , Leber Andrew , Dang Ha X. , Karyala Saikumar , Hontecillas Raquel , Lawrence Christopher B. , Cramer Robert A. , Bassaganya-Riera Josep 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIncidences of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, an infection caused predominantly by Aspergillus fumigatus, have increased due to the growing number of immunocompromised individuals. While A. fumigatus is reliant upon deficiencies in the host to facilitate invasive disease, the distinct mechanisms that govern the host-pathogen interaction remain enigmatic, particularly in the context of distinct immune modulating therapies. To gain insights into these mechanisms, RNA-Seq technology was utilized to sequence RNA derived from lungs of 2 clinically relevant, but immunologically distinct murine models of IPA on days 2 and 3 post inoculation when infection is established and active disease present. Our findings identify notable differences in host gene expression between the chemotherapeutic and steroid models at the interface of immunity and metabolism. RT-qPCR verified model specific and nonspecific expression of 23 immune-associated genes. Deep sequencing facilitated identification of highly expressed fungal genes. We utilized sequence similarity and gene expression to categorize the A. fumigatus putative in vivo secretome. RT-qPCR suggests model specific gene expression for nine putative fungal secreted proteins. Our analysis identifies contrasting responses by the host and fungus from day 2 to 3 between the two models. These differences may help tailor the identification, development, and deployment of host- and/or fungal-targeted therapeutics.