bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective study of proton‐beam radiation therapy for limited‐stage small cell lung cancer
Authors: Rwigema Jean‐Claude M. , Verma Vivek , Lin Liyong , Berman Abigail T. , Levin William P. , Evans Tracey L. , Aggarwal Charu , Rengan Ramesh , Langer Corey , Cohen Roger B. , Simone Charles B. 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUNDExisting data supporting the use of proton‐beam therapy (PBT) for limited‐stage small cell lung cancer (LS‐SCLC) are limited to a single 6‐patient case series. This is the first prospective study to evaluate clinical outcomes and toxicities of PBT for LS‐SCLC.METHODSThis study prospectively analyzed patients with primary, nonrecurrent LS‐SCLC definitively treated with PBT and concurrent chemotherapy from 2011 to 2016. Clinical backup intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans were generated for each patient and were compared with PBT plans. Outcome measures included local control (LC), recurrence‐free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) rates and toxicities.RESULTSThirty consecutive patients were enrolled and evaluated. The median dose was 63.9 cobalt gray equivalents (range, 45‐66.6 cobalt gray equivalents) in 33 to 37 fractions delivered daily (n = 18 [60.0%]) or twice daily (n = 12 [40.0%]). The concurrent chemotherapy was cisplatin/etoposide (n = 21 [70.0%]) or carboplatin/etoposide (n = 9 [30.0%]). In comparison with the backup IMRT plans, PBT allowed statistically significant reductions in the cord, heart, and lung mean doses and the volume receiving at least 5 Gy but not in the esophagus mean dose or the lung volume receiving at least 20 Gy. At a median follow‐up of 14 months, the 1‐/2‐year LC and RFS rates were 85%/69% and 63%/42%, respectively. The median OS was 28.2 months, and the 1‐/2‐year OS rates were 72%/58%. There was 1 case each (3.3%) of grade 3 or higher esophagitis, pneumonitis, anorexia, and pericardial effusion. Grade 2 pneumonitis and esophagitis were seen in 10.0% and 43.3% of patients, respectively.CONCLUSIONSIn the first prospective registry study and largest analysis to date of PBT for LS‐SCLC, PBT was found to be safe with a limited incidence of high‐grade toxicities. Cancer 2017;123:4244–4251. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Detection of Extracellular Vesicles Using Proximity Ligation Assay with Flow Cytometry Readout—ExoPLA
Authors: Löf Liza , Arngården Linda , Ebai Tonge , Landegren Ulf , Söderberg Ola , Kamali‐Moghaddam Masood 
Published: July 2017

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are continuously released by most cells, and they carry surface markers of their cells of origin. Found in all body fluids, EVs function as conveyers of cellular information, and evidence implicates them as markers of disease. These characteristics make EVs attractive diagnostic targets. However, detection and characterization of EVs is challenging due to their small size. We've established a method, called ExoPLA, that allows individual EVs to be detected and characterized at high specificity and sensitivity. Based on the in situ proximity ligation assay (in situ PLA), proximal oligonucleotide‐conjugated antibodies bound to their targets on the surfaces of the EVs allow formation of circular products that can be fluorescently labeled by rolling circle amplification. The intense fluorescent signals produced in this assay allow detection and enumeration of individual EVs by flow cytometry. We describe the procedures for ExoPLA, along with expected results and troubleshooting. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Detection and Quantification of Mitochondrial Fusion Using Imaging Flow Cytometry
Authors: Nascimento Aldo , Lannigan Joanne , Kashatus David 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMitochondria are dynamic organelles that perform several vital cellular functions. Requisite for these functions are mitochondrial fusion and fission. Despite the increasing importance of mitochondrial dynamics in a range of cellular processes, there exist limited methods for robust quantification of mitochondrial fission and fusion. Currently, the most widely used method to measure mitochondrial fusion is the polyethylene glycol (PEG) fusion assay. While this assay can provide useful information regarding fusion activity, the reliance on manual selection of rare fusion events is time consuming and may introduce selection bias. By utilizing the image‐capture features and colocalization analysis of imaging flow cytometry in combination with the PEG fusion assay, we are able to develop a high‐throughput method to detect and quantify mitochondrial fusion activity. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
How Osmolytes Counteract Pressure Denaturation on a Molecular Scale
Authors: Shimizu Seishi , Smith Paul E. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLife in the deep sea exposes enzymes to high hydrostatic pressure, which decreases their stability. For survival, deep sea organisms tend to accumulate various osmolytes, most notably trimethylamine N‐oxide used by fish, to counteract pressure denaturation. However, exactly how these osmolytes work remains unclear. Here, a rigorous statistical thermodynamics approach is used to clarify the mechanism of osmoprotection. It is shown that the weak, nonspecific, and dynamic interactions of water and osmolytes with proteins can be characterized only statistically, and that the competition between protein–osmolyte and protein–water interactions is crucial in determining conformational stability. Osmoprotection is driven by a stronger exclusion of osmolytes from the denatured protein than from the native conformation, and water distribution has no significant effect on these changes at low osmolyte concentrations.
NEBNext Direct: A Novel, Rapid, Hybridization‐Based Approach for the Capture and Library Conversion of Genomic Regions of Interest
Authors: Emerman Amy B. , Bowman Sarah K. , Barry Andrew , Henig Noa , Patel Kruti M. , Gardner Andrew F. , Hendrickson Cynthia L. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNext‐generation sequencing (NGS) is a powerful tool for genomic studies, translational research, and clinical diagnostics that enables the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms, insertions and deletions, copy number variations, and other genetic variations. Target enrichment technologies improve the efficiency of NGS by only sequencing regions of interest, which reduces sequencing costs while increasing coverage of the selected targets. Here we present NEBNext Direct®, a hybridization‐based, target‐enrichment approach that addresses many of the shortcomings of traditional target‐enrichment methods. This approach features a simple, 7‐hr workflow that uses enzymatic removal of off‐target sequences to achieve a high specificity for regions of interest. Additionally, unique molecular identifiers are incorporated for the identification and filtering of PCR duplicates. The same protocol can be used across a wide range of input amounts, input types, and panel sizes, enabling NEBNext Direct to be broadly applicable across a wide variety of research and diagnostic needs. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Nicotine Vapor Method to Induce Nicotine Dependence in Rodents
Authors: Kallupi Marsida , George Olivier 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNicotine, the main addictive component of tobacco, induces potentiation of brain stimulation reward, increases locomotor activity, and induces conditioned place preference. Nicotine cessation produces a withdrawal syndrome that can be relieved by nicotine replacement therapy. In the last decade, the market for electronic cigarettes has flourished, especially among adolescents. The nicotine vaporizer or electronic nicotine delivery system is a battery‐operated device that allows the user to simulate the experience of tobacco smoking without inhaling smoke. The device is designed to be an alternative to conventional cigarettes that emits vaporized nicotine inhaled by the user. This report describes a procedure to vaporize nicotine in the air to produce blood nicotine levels in rodents that are clinically relevant to those that are observed in humans and produce dependence. We also describe how to construct the apparatus to deliver nicotine vapor in a stable, reliable, and consistent manner, as well as how to analyze air for nicotine content. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
An Acid‐Responsive Single Trichromatic Luminescent Dye That Provides Pure White‐Light Emission
Authors: Imamura Keigo , Ueno Yoshifumi , Akimoto Seiji , Eda Kazuo , Du Yanqing , Eerdun Chaolu , Wang Meiling , Nishinaka Kumiko , Tsuda Akihiko 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA novel acid‐responsive single trichromatic luminescent dye capable of emitting pure white light (WL) is reported. A newly designed p‐phenylene‐bridged bipyrrole bearing N‐alkylimino groups (1 a) specifically provides WL emission upon mixing with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in a CH2Cl2 solution. The emission originates from the trichromatic luminescent behavior of 1 a upon protonation of the imino groups. The blue‐light‐emitting 1 a exhibits dramatic color changes in fluorescence to orange and green upon mono‐ and diprotonation, respectively, providing a wide emission band in the range of λ=400–800 nm that provide WL when the compound is in a dynamic equilibrium between the three states. The sample also exhibits low self‐absorption of the emitted light and a high fluorescence quantum yield upon excitation with UV light.
Direct synthesis technique (DST) for complex general Chebyshev filters
Authors: Xiao Fei 
Published: July 2017

SummaryRecently, we discussed the concept of direct synthesis technique (DST), in which real‐coefficient filtering polynomials containing all information of the filters to be synthesized are derived directly for realization, and they could find applications in the design of lumped‐element LC filters, active RC filters, and infinite impulse response digital filters. In this paper, another DST for complex general Chebyshev bandpass filters is discussed, which is based on a complex mapping relation and featured by complex‐coefficient filtering polynomials. It is called as complex DST in this paper. Compared with real‐coefficient filtering polynomials whose polarities are determined by the number of their zeros at zero frequency, the polarities of complex‐coefficient filtering polynomials can be easily changed by multiplying imaginary unit j. Such advantage might make their realization more flexible. The analysis shows that conventional coupling matrix could be considered as narrow‐band approximation of network matrix derived by complex DST in the normalized frequency domain. In order to demonstrate the validity of complex DST in this paper, it is applied in the design of classic parallel‐coupled microstrip bandpass filters. Compared with conventional synthesis techniques, complex DST could find out better dimensions and provide more choices for realization and synthesize both even‐order and odd‐order parallel‐coupled microstrip bandpass filters. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust stability analysis and improved design of phase‐locked loops with non‐monotonic nonlinearities: LMI‐based approach
Authors: Ahmad Nur Syazreen 
Published: July 2017

SummaryDue to nonlinear nature of several phase detectors, linear approximation method often leads to performance degradation in many phase‐locked loops (PLLs), particularly when the phase errors are sufficiently large. A third or higher order PLL, in spite of the ability to track a wider variety of inputs and having higher operating‐frequency range, requires more design attention in order to ensure stable tracking. In this work, with the nonlinearities inserted into the system's model, suitable criteria that take into account the nonlinearities' non‐monotonicity, sector and slope bounds are employed to establish robust stability conditions. The result is applicable to any PLLs without order and type restrictions. For Type‐1 PLLs, the resulting condition can be used to search for the maximum stable loop gain, which is also linked to the lock‐in range of the system. In the later part of this work, the focus is devoted towards designing PLLs with high lock‐in range, which is performed via mixing the proposed method with H∞ synthesis. The searches for the parameters in both PLL analysis and design are expressed in terms of convex linear matrix inequalities, which are computationally tractable. To illustrate the improvement introduced via this approach, several numerical examples and simulations are included with comparisons over conventional methods. Copyright © 2017John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The metabolic syndrome alters the miRNA signature of porcine adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Meng Yu , Eirin Alfonso , Zhu Xiang‐Yang , Tang Hui , Chanana Pritha , Lerman Amir , Van Wijnen Andre J. , Lerman Lilach O. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAutologous transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a viable option for the treatment of several diseases. Evidence indicates that MSCs release extracellular vesicles (EVs) and that EVs shuttle miRNAs to damaged parenchymal cells to activate an endogenous repair program. We hypothesize that comorbidities may interfere with the packaging of cargo in MSC‐derived EVs. Therefore, we examined whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) modulates the miRNA content packed within MSC‐derived EVs. MSCs were collected from swine abdominal adipose tissue after 16 weeks of lean or obese diet (n = 7 each). Next‐generation RNA sequencing of miRNAs (miRNA‐seq) was performed to identify miRNAs enriched in MSC‐derived EVs and their predicted target genes. Functional pathway analysis of the top 50 target genes of the top 4 miRNAs enriched in each group was performed using gene ontology analysis. Lean‐ and MetS‐EVs were enriched in, respectively, 14 and 8 distinct miRNAs. Target genes of miRNAs enriched in MetS‐EVs were implicated in the development of MetS and its complications, including diabetes‐related pathways, validated transcriptional targets of AP1 family members Fra1 and Fra2, Class A/1 (Rhodopsin‐like receptors), and Peptide ligand‐binding receptors. In contrast, miRNAs enriched in Lean EVs target primarily EphrinA‐EPHA and the Rho family of GTPases. MetS alters the miRNA content of EVs derived from porcine adipose tissue MSCs. These alterations could impair the efficacy and limit the therapeutic use of autologous MSCs in subjects with MetS. Our findings may assist in developing adequate regenerative strategies to preserve the reparative potency of MSCs in individuals with MetS. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
A new design of prefilter for reducing timing synchronization jitter
Authors: Chi Yonggang , Wu Fenghui , Yang Mu , Zheng Yuxi , Chen Sanbin 
Published: July 2017

SummaryFor high‐precision timing synchronization in feedback Gardner algorithm and different feedforward nonlinear algorithms, timing jitter reduction is the key problem, especially with a small roll‐off factor in high‐order modulation. Through the elaborate analysis about the timing jitter, this paper proposes a new prefilter design method based on finite impulse response structure. Using a suitable Kaiser window for suppressing the sidelobe energy of the proposed prefilter, this method can further decrease the complexity of filter design and eliminate most part of the pattern noise. Compared with the previous prefilter design algorithms, the approach has a better improvement in steady‐state phase jitter reduction without increasing the capture time in Gardner timing error detector. Meanwhile, with such kind of prefilter, the performance of logarithmic nonlinearity is better than that of square law nonlinearity, this is not reported in literature. Simulation results show that the residual timing jitter in both kinds of algorithms is closed to the modified Cramer‐Rao bound when the roll‐off factor is equal to 0.1 in 1024QAM.
Maximum harvested energy policy in full‐duplex relaying networks with SWIPT
Authors: Nguyen Xuan‐Xinh , Do Dinh‐Thuan 
Published: July 2017

SummaryIt is considered that energy scavenging is a promising way for source node transfer energy to powered constraint relay in cooperative networks with advantage of cost‐effective maintenance and flexible deployment, which so‐called simultaneous wireless information and power transfer. In this paper, relay selection for optimal wireless energy is investigated. In terms of time switching–based relaying, this paper considers the performance comparison of 3 proposed relay selection schemes, namely, (1) optimal relay selection scheme, (2) maximum harvested energy relay selection scheme, and (3) minimum self‐interference relay selection. In particular, the system performance is studied intensively with regard to outage probability and throughput over Rayleigh fading channels. We also achieve the integral form for accurate expressions and closed form for approximate expressions. Finally, these analytical expressions are proved exactness according to Monte Carlo simulation.
Reduction of wireless signals in indoor environments by using an active frequency selective wall based on spectrum sensing
Authors: Cho Sung‐Sil , Hong Ic‐Pyo 
Published: July 2017

SummaryThis paper presents a wireless local area network (WLAN) spectrum control system that uses active frequency selective shielding walls to selectively reduce or pass WLAN signals in the 5 GHz band indoors. The proposed system utilizes a well‐known active frequency selective structure based on a rectangular loop with PIN diodes and is thus capable of either reducing or passing the WLAN frequency by using the on/off switching of the PIN diode based on the measured electric field strength in indoor. We designed and simulated the proposed active frequency selective shielding wallpaper by using commercial electromagnetic simulation software and confirmed that the proposed structure can reduce the WLAN signal by switching the PIN diode by applying the manufactured prototype on the exterior of an experimental apparatus containing a WLAN receiver antenna that is capable of measuring the received electric field strength. Extension of the results presented herein can be applied to reduce the wireless signal to enhance the spectrum efficiency of an indoor space.
Study of the in vitro and in vivo metabolism of the tryptamine 5‐MeO‐MiPT using human liver microsomes and real case samples
Authors: Grafinger Katharina Elisabeth , Hädener Marianne , König Stefan , Weinmann Wolfgang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe synthetic tryptamine 5‐methoxy‐N‐methyl‐N‐isopropyltryptamine (5‐MeO‐MiPT) has recently been abused as a hallucinogenic drug in Germany and Switzerland. This study presents a case of 5‐MeO‐MiPT intoxication and the structural elucidation of metabolites in pooled human liver microsomes (pHLM), blood, and urine. Microsomal incubation experiments were performed using pHLM to detect and identify in vitro metabolites. In August 2016, the police encountered a naked man, agitated and with aggressive behavior on the street. Blood and urine samples were taken at the hospital and his premises were searched. The obtained blood and urine samples were analyzed for in vivo metabolites of 5‐MeO‐MiPT using liquid chromatography–high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS/MS). The confiscated pills and powder samples were qualitatively analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), LC‐HRMS/MS, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). 5‐MeO‐MiPT was identified in 2 of the seized powder samples. General unknown screening detected cocaine, cocaethylene, methylphenidate, ritalinic acid, and 5‐MeO‐MiPT in urine. Seven different in vitro phase I metabolites of 5‐MeO‐MiPT were identified. In the forensic case samples, 4 phase I metabolites could be identified in blood and 7 in urine. The 5 most abundant metabolites were formed by demethylation and hydroxylation of the parent compound. 5‐MeO‐MiPT concentrations in the blood and urine sample were found to be 160 ng/mL and 3380 ng/mL, respectively. Based on the results of this study we recommend metabolites 5‐methoxy‐N‐isopropyltryptamine (5‐MeO‐NiPT), 5‐hydroxy‐N‐methyl‐N‐isopropyltryptamine (5‐OH‐MiPT), 5‐methoxy‐N‐methyl‐N‐isopropyltryptamine‐N‐oxide (5‐MeO‐MiPT‐N‐oxide), and hydroxy‐5‐methoxy‐N‐methyl‐N‐isopropyltryptamine (OH‐5‐MeO‐MiPT) as biomarkers for the development of new methods for the detection of 5‐MeO‐MiPT consumption, as they have been present in both blood and urine samples.
Homochiral metal‐organic frameworks based on amino acid ligands for HPLC separation of enantiomers
Authors: Zhang Jun‐Hui , Nong Rui‐Yu , Xie Sheng‐Ming , Wang Bang‐Jin , Ai Ping , Yuan Li‐Ming 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNatural amino acids are well known to form coordination polymers with transition metal ions. In this study, six homochiral metal‐organic frameworks constructed from Zn2+ or Co2+ ions and various enantiopure amino acid (L‐tyrosine, L‐histidine, L‐tryptophan and L‐glutamic acid), namely [Zn(L‐tyr)]n(L‐tyrZn), [Zn4(btc)2(Hbtc)(L‐His)2(H2O)4]·1.5H2O, {[Zn2(L‐trp)2(bpe)2(H2O)2]·2H2O·2NO3}n, [Co2(L‐Trp)(INT)2(H2O)2(ClO4)], [Co2(sdba)((L‐Trp)2] and [Co(L‐Glu)(H2O)·H2O]∞, were synthesized according to the methods previously reported in the literature. The six homochiral MOFs were explored as the chiral stationary phases for high‐performance liquid chromatographic separation of enantiomers using hexane/isopropanol or hexane/dichloromethane as mobile phase. Various types of enantiomers such as alcohols, amines, ketones, ethers, organic acids, etc. can be resolved on these homochiral MOF columns. The results revealed that the enantioseletivities of homochiral MOFs based on amino acids as chiral bridging ligands used as stationary phases are practical in HPLC.
Assessment of sexually related personal distress accompanying premenopausal sexual dysfunction with an Arabic version of the Female Sexual Distress Scale
Authors: Ahmed Magdy R. , Shaaban Mohamed M. , Meky Heba K. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo assess sexually related personal distress among premenopausal women with female sexual dysfunction (FSD) via a validated Arabic version of the Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS).MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted among women attending Suez Canal University Hospital, Egypt, between May 2015 and July 2016. In a pilot study to evaluate test–retest reliability and internal consistency, 42 sexually active premenopausal women (aged ≥20 years) completed the Arabic FSDS at recruitment and 2 weeks later. Subsequently, premenopausal sexually active women (aged 20–45 years) were asked to complete the female sexual function index (FSFI) questionnaire; those with FSD (FSFI score ≤26.55) were invited to return to complete the validated version of the Arabic FSDS.ResultsThe Arabic FSDS showed good test–retest reliability (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.93–0.98) and internal consistency (Cronbach α 0.83–0.92). Overall, 140 (58.1%) of 241 women who completed the FSFI had sexual dysfunction, of whom 51 (36.4%) had sexually related personal distress. Marriage duration was significantly increased among women with FSD (P<0.001). All FSFI sexual domains except lubrication were negatively correlated with FSDS.ConclusionFSD and sexually related personal distress were highly interrelated and prevalent. An Arabic version of the FSDS was found to be valid and reliable for evaluation of sexually related personal distress.