bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure and properties of mixed valent CeFe2Al8
Authors: Kurawle Nilofar , Samanta Soumen , Bhattacharya Shovit , Rayaprol Sudhindra 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Temperature dependent magnetic, electrical transport and thermal properties of polycrystalline orthorhombic CeFe2Al8 intermetallic compound have been studied along with its isostructural La counterpart, LaFe2Al8. For the cerium compound, low field dc magnetization exhibits an antiferromagnetic like ordering (T
N) ∼ 4 K. The main feature of the magnetic susceptibility plot is a broad hump spanning a large temperature range, indicating mixed valence of Ce in the compound, in good agreement with reported literature. However, contrary to the reported observations we find that the mixed valence state is very robust and was evident even up to very high magnetic fields (> 2 T). Further, in this work we report 3d core level photoemission spectra of cerium in CeFe2Al8, to understand the valence state of cerium ions in this system. Additionally, from resistivity measurements it is found that, CeFe2Al8 is metallic with no indication of any anomaly, till the lowest temperature of measurement. Specific heat measurements show very low value of heat capacity and electronic contribution. The isostructural La analogue, LaFe2Al8 compound shows broadness in susceptibility with maxima around 44 K which may be attributed to ordering of Fe moments. The comparison of Ce and La compounds brings out the role of Fe magnetic moments which may be responsible for competing with cerium moments and resulting in the dilution of long-range magnetic order, also contributing to magnetic frustration in CeFe2Al8.
Investigation of the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of FeB and Fe2B: ab-initio calculations
Authors: Üşenti Hakan , Duru İzzet Paruğ 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The electromagnetic (EM) pollution that we are exposed to in our daily lives has reached levels that threaten the health of living organisms and the stable operation of sensitive systems. The most effective way to protect against this pollution is to create isolated areas framed with shielding materials that can minimize the transmission of EM radiation. The development of shielding materials with high physical endurance against external factors to meet the needs of various sectors remains a popular research topic. This process, which started with metal plates, has continued with the development of doped polymers and composite materials. In recent years, materials with 2D structures have been developed. In this study, the shielding effectiveness (SE) of FeB and Fe2B nanostructures are revealed using ab initio calculations in Perdew–Burke–ErnzerhofSol scheme. SE has been widely figuring out via optical properties which are strongly related to mechanical and electronic properties herewith magnetic phases. The ferrimagnetic FeB and Fe2B nanostructures are considered. Besides, we focus on the thickness and photon energy dependent behavior along various projections. The findings demonstrate shielding performance at levels of >20 dB. Although both materials show similar shielding performance, it is observed that Fe2B is promising when compared to FeB. This study demonstrates that FeB and Fe2B, members of the MBene family, are promising materials not only because of their superior physical and chemical properties but also because of their shielding performance.
Reliable fabrication of 3D freestanding nanostructures via all dry stacking of incompatible photoresist
Authors: Shu Zhiwen , Liang Huikang , Chen Lei , Liu Qing , Zeng Pei , Zhou Yuting , Wang Quan , Fan Fu , Zhou Yu , Chen Yiqin , Feng Bo , Duan Huigao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) free-standing nanostructures based on electron-beam lithography (EBL) have potential applications in many fields with extremely high patterning resolution and design flexibility with direct writing. In numerous EBL processes designed for the creation of 3D structures, the multilayer resist system is pivotal due to its adaptability in design. Nevertheless, the compatibility of solvents between different layers of resists often restricts the variety of feasible multilayer combinations. This paper introduces an innovative approach to address the bottleneck issue by presenting a novel concept of multilayer resist dry stacking, which is facilitated by a near-zero adhesion strategy. The poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) film is stacked onto the hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) resist using a dry peel and release technique, effectively circumventing the issue of HSQ solubilization by PMMA solvents typically encountered during conventional spin-coating procedures. Simultaneously, a dry lift-off technique can be implemented by eschewing the use of organic solvents during the wet process. This pioneering method enables the fabrication of high-resolution 3D free-standing plasmonic nanostructures and intricate 3D free-standing nanostructures. Finally, this study presents a compelling proof of concept, showcasing the integration of 3D free-standing nanostructures, fabricated via the described technique, into the realm of Fabry–Perot cavity resonators, thereby highlighting their potential for practical applications. This approach is a promising candidate for arbitrary 3D free-standing nanostructure fabrication, which has potential applications in nanoplasmonics, nanoelectronics, and nanophotonics.
A repeated jumping solution based on the bistable film structure for film-structured miniature soft robots
Authors: Chen Huimin , Cao Shuhong , Wang Dongkai , Miao Zicong , Liu Ying , Wang Xiaohao , Zhang Min 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Miniature film-structured robots achieved remarkable locomotion performance and various applications. The integration of a jumping function could empower existing film-structured terrestrial robots to conquer complex terrains. However, current repeated jumping mechanisms for miniature soft robots are often constrained to specific materials and mechanical configurations, rendering them incompatible with film-structured robots. A solution that effectively addresses these limitations remains absent in the field. This work introduces an electrically actuated solution for repeated jumping in miniature soft robots, utilizing a bistable film structure coupled with a numerical two-rod model. The bistable film structure integrates a flexible film, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) linear spring, and a shape memory alloy spring to achieve repeated jumping motion through snap-through buckling. The numerical model is employed to optimize the spring parameters, tailoring the structure to the specific properties of the target robot. To demonstrate the practicality of this solution, the bistable film structure is seamlessly integrated into an existing fast-steering insect robot, which previously lacks jumping capabilities. By customizing PDMS spring design based on the robot body’s dimensions and stiffness, the prototype robot, measuring 23 × 16 × 8 mm3 in size and 120 mg in weight, demonstrates repeated jumping ability with a maximum horizontal jumping distance of 11.8 cm (5.1 body lengths), a jumping height of 3.8 cm (4.7 body heights) and a jumping frequency of 0.1 Hz. The robot traverses a 43 cm-long road with half walls and trench obstacles in 41 s. This work presents the bistable film structure’s potential as a repeated jumping solution for film-structured robots, enhancing their obstacle-crossing abilities and expanding their applicability in complex environments.
Two step synthesis of g-C3N4@GO composites with enhanced photoluminescence response
Authors: Verma Shankee , Santra Bisweswar , Sakthievel Arunkumar , Alwarappan Subbiah , Katharria Y S , Kanjilal Aloke 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Tuning the optical properties of graphene oxide (GO) by making composites with 2D materials has attracted considerable interest for various applications. Here, the g-C3N4@GO composite is synthesised by a two-step modified Hummer’s method with 3 wt% and 7 wt% g-C3N4. Structural and chemical properties of GO and with g-C3N4 are investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively, while scanning electron microscopy reveals a flake-like structure in g-C3N4@GO composites. Raman analysis gives an increase in ID/IG ratio from 3.1 to 3.2 due to the formation of defects for 3 wt% g-C3N4 but reduced to 2.9 with 7 wt% g-C3N4. Optical bandgap of GO (∼3.35 eV) is reduced to ∼3.30 eV (3 wt% g-C3N4) and ∼3.25 eV (7 wt% g-C3N4) with respective defect edges at ∼2.53 eV, 2.52 eV and 2.50 eV, in good agreement with the photoluminescence (PL) results. The appearance of a broad XRD peak at ∼23.2° signifies the formation of rGO by reducing GO with g-C3N4, where the existence of HO–C=O in XPS analysis reveals the formation of defects. This is found to be associated with a chemical reaction at the g-C3N4/GO interfaces and thus makes this system promising with increased PL intensity.
Lattice Boltzmann method for tempered time-fractional diffusion equation
Authors: Ren Junjie , Song Jie , Lei Hao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Tempered fractional calculus, as an extension of fractional calculus, has been successfully applied in numerous scientific and engineering fields. Although several traditional numerical methods have been improved for solving a variety of tempered fractional partial differential equations, solving these equations by the lattice Boltzmann (LB) method is an unresolved issue. This paper is dedicated to presenting a novel LB method for the tempered time-fractional diffusion equation. The tempered time-fractional diffusion equation is first transformed into an integer-order partial differential equation by approximating the tempered fractional derivative term. Then the LB method is proposed to solve the transformed objective equation. The Chapman-Enskog procedure is conducted to confirm that the present LB method can accurately recover the objective equation. Some numerical examples with an analytical solution are employed to validate the present LB method, and a strong consistency is observed between the numerical and analytical solutions. The numerical simulations indicate that the LB method is a second-order accurate scheme. The proposed LB method presents a new approach to solving the tempered time-fractional diffusion equation, which is beneficial for the widespread application of the tempered time-fractional diffusion equation in addressing complex transport problems.
An analysis of the synthesis, crystal structure, optical, spectroscopic, mechanical, self-focusing, and third-order nonlinear optical properties of Kojic acid single crystals
Authors: Lakshmi S , Saravanan M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A single, excellent crystal of Kojic acid (KA) was developed utilising the traditional approach of gradual evaporation in a solution-growing procedure. A variety of characterisation techniques were utilised to evaluate the characteristics of the crystals generated. Single crystal x-ray diffraction (SXRD) was utilised to identify the crystal structure. The crystalline arrangement of the KA crystal was confirmed using a powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis. Experiments with UV–vis spectrometers revealed that the KA crystal has a lower wavelength at which it blocks UV light but has outstanding light transmission throughout the visible spectrum. The KA single crystal has an energy band gap (Eg) of 2.5 eV. The Z-scan method was used to examine the third order susceptibility, nonlinear refraction, and nonlinear absorption coefficient of the synthesised KA crystal. The dielectric characteristics and AC conductivity were examined, with a particular emphasis on their connection to resistance at room temperature. The presence of appreciable levels of kojic acid was confirmed by energy-dispersive spectrometry. The crystal’s thermal behaviour was investigated using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric (TG) methods. The nucleation parameters and controlled nucleation rate were calculated using normal theoretical research methods.
Evaluating extensions to LCDM: an application of Bayesian model averaging and selection
Authors: Paradiso S. , McGee G. , Percival W.J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We present a powerful and innovative statistical framework to address key cosmological
questions about the universe's fundamental properties, performing Bayesian model averaging (BMA)
and model selection. Utilizing this framework, we systematically explore extensions beyond the
standard ΛCDM model, considering a varying curvature density parameter ΩK,
a spectral index ns
= 1 and a varying n
run, a constant dark energy equation of
state (EOS) w
0CDM and a time-dependent one w
0
w
aCDM. We also assess
cosmological data against a varying effective number of neutrino species N
eff. Our analysis
incorporates data from various combinations of cosmic microwave background (CMB) data from the
latest Planck PR4 analysis, CMB lensing from Planck 2018, baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO),
and the Bicep-KECK 2018 results.
We reinforce the standard ΛCDM model statistical preference when combining CMB data with
CMB lensing, BAO, and Bicep-KECK 2018 data against the K-ΛCDM model and
dns
/d ln k-ΛCDM with a probability > 80%. When
evaluating the dark energy EOS, we find that this dataset does not exhibit a strong preference
between the standard ΛCDM model and the constant dark energy EOS model w
0CDM,
with a model posterior probability distribution of approximately ≈ 40%:60% in favour of
w
0CDM, while the time-varying dark energy EOS model only holds below 1%
probability. We find a similar result also when considering the N
eff-ΛCDM model, with a
split probability almost 50%-50% from both our datasets.

Overall, our application of BMA reveals that including model uncertainty in these cases does not
significantly impact the Hubble tension, showcasing BMA's robustness and utility in cosmological
model evaluation.
Impact of strain relaxation on the growth rate of heteroepitaxial germanium tin binary alloy
Authors: Jahandar Pedram , Myronov Maksym 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The growth of high-quality germanium tin (Ge1–y
Sn
y
) binary alloys on a Si substrate using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques holds immense potential for advancing electronics and optoelectronics applications, including the development of efficient and low-cost mid-infrared detectors and light sources. However, achieving precise control over the Sn concentration and strain relaxation of the Ge1–y
Sn
y
epilayer, which directly influence its optical and electrical properties, remain a significant challenge. In this research, the effect of strain relaxation on the growth rate of Ge1–y
Sn
y
epilayers, with Sn concentration >11at.%, is investigated. It is successfully demonstrated that the growth rate slows down by ~55% due to strain relaxation after passing its critical thickness, which suggests a reduction in the incorporation of Ge into Ge1–y
Sn
y
growing layers. Despite the increase in Sn concentration as a result of the decrease in the growth rate, it has been found that the Sn incorporation rate into Ge1–y
Sn
y
growing layers has also decreased due to strain relaxation. Such valuable insights could offer a foundation for the development of innovative growth techniques aimed at achieving high-quality Ge1–y
Sn
y
epilayers with tuned Sn concentration and strain relaxation.
Improved efficiency and stability of inverse perovskite solar cells via passivation cleaning
Authors: Ge Kunyang , Liang Chunjun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Amidst the global energy and environmental crisis, the quest for efficient solar energy utilization intensifies. Perovskite solar cells, with efficiencies over 26% and cost-effective production, are at the forefront of research. Yet, their stability remains a barrier to industrial application. This study introduces innovative strategies to enhance the stability of inverted perovskite solar cells. By bulk and surface passivation, defect density is reduced, followed by a "passivation cleaning" using Apacl amino acid salt and isopropyl alcohol to refine film surface quality. Employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM), we confirmed that this process effectively neutralizes surface defects and curbs non-radiative recombination, achieving 22.6% efficiency for perovskite solar cells with the composition Cs0.15FA0.85PbI3. Crucially, the stability of treated cells in long-term tests has been markedly enhanced, laying groundwork for industrial viability.
SSA-over-array (SSoA): A stacked DRAM architecture for near-memory computing
Authors: Jiang Xiping , Bai Fujun , Wang Song , Guo Yixin , Zuo Fengguo , Xiao Wenwu , Wang Yubing , Yang Jianguo , Liu Ming 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Aiming to enhance the bandwidth in near-memory computing, this paper proposes a SSA-over-array (SSoA) architecture. By relocating the secondary sense amplifier (SSA) from dynamic random access memory (DRAM) to the logic die and repositioning the DRAM-to-logic stacking interface closer to the DRAM core, the SSoA overcomes the layout and area limitations of SSA and master DQ (MDQ), leading to improvements in DRAM data-width density and frequency, significantly enhancing bandwidth density. The quantitative evaluation results show a 70.18 times improvement in bandwidth per unit area over the baseline, with a maximum bandwidth of 168.296 Tbps/Gb. We believe the SSoA is poised to redefine near-memory computing development strategies.
Influence of internal heating and natural convection on airborne transmission of viral diseases
Authors: Patel R , Krishnaprasad K A , Zgheib N , Salinas J S , Balachandar S 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We conduct large eddy simulations in a canonical room of size

10
×
10
×
3.2

m
3

subject to mechanical ventilation to assess the impact of internal heating on droplet nuclei dispersal in indoor spaces. We conduct two simulations with a solitary heat source placed at the center of the room in the first, and 16 heat sources arranged in an equidistant non-staggered formation in the second. The heat sources mimic heat generation from an adult person. The simulations employ a statistical overloading approach where 10 million droplet nuclei are individually monitored for approximately one hour in real-time. These results are then compared to previous simulations that share identical setup and procedures but do not account for any thermal load. We assess the effect of internal heat sources on multiple levels by averaging over all possible positions of the infected (source) and the susceptible (sink) occupants within the room. We find that, at the room-average level, the room concentration, which results from a balance of droplet nuclei production through expiratory events and removal through various mechanisms is unaffected by the presence of heat sources. On the other hand, the spatial and temporal dispersion of droplet nuclei, as observed from the standpoint of a known source or sink location, or when a combination of sources and sinks at fixed separation distances is considered, is significantly influenced by the presence of heat sources.
Improved rate-distance trade-offs for quantum codes with restricted connectivity
Authors: Baspin Nouédyn , Guruswami Venkatesan , Krishna Anirudh , Li Ray 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
For quantum error-correcting codes to be realizable, it is important that the qubits subject to the code constraints exhibit some form of limited connectivity. The works of Bravyi and Terhal (2009 New J. Phys.
11 043029) (BT) and Bravyi et al (2010 Phys. Rev. Lett.
104 050503) (BPT) established that geometric locality constrains code properties—for instance

[

[
n
,
k
,
d
]

]

quantum codes defined by local checks on the D-dimensional lattice must obey

k

d

2

/

(
D
−
1
)

⩽
O
(
n
)

. Baspin and Krishna (2022 Quantum
6 711) studied the more general question of how the connectivity graph associated with a quantum code constrains the code parameters. These trade-offs apply to a richer class of codes compared to the BPT and BT bounds, which only capture geometrically-local codes. We extend and improve this work, establishing a tighter dimension-distance trade-off as a function of the size of separators in the connectivity graph. We also obtain a distance bound that covers all stabilizer codes with a particular separation profile, rather than only LDPC codes.
Physical coherent cancellation of optical addressing crosstalk in a trapped-ion experiment
Authors: Flannery Jeremy , Matt Roland , Huber Luca I , Wang Kaizhao , Axline Christopher , Oswald Robin , Home Jonathan P 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We present an experimental investigation of coherent crosstalk cancellation methods for light delivered to a linear ion chain cryogenic quantum register. The ions are individually addressed using focused laser beams oriented perpendicular to the crystal axis, which are created by imaging each output of a multi-core photonic-crystal fibre waveguide array onto a single ion. The measured nearest-neighbor native crosstalk intensity of this device for ions spaced by 5 µm is found to be

∼

10

−
2

. We show that we can suppress this intensity crosstalk from waveguide channel coupling and optical diffraction effects by a factor

>

10
3

using cancellation light supplied to neighboring channels which destructively interferes with the crosstalk. We measure a rotation error per gate on the order of

ϵ

x

∼

10

−
5

on spectator qubits, demonstrating a suppression of crosstalk error by a factor of

>

10
2

. We compare the performance to composite pulse methods for crosstalk cancellation, and describe the appropriate calibration methods and procedures to mitigate phase drifts between these different optical paths, including accounting for problems arising due to pulsing of optical modulators.
Enhanced O3 concentration due to biogenic emissions during a hot summer in 2018 over the Tokyo metropolitan area, Japan
Authors: Miki Kenji , Itahashi Syuichi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Photochemical ozone (O3) is an important chemical component in the atmosphere as an indicator of air pollution. Anthropogenic sources, such as domestic automobiles and industries, have been considered a main source of O3 especially in urban areas; however, recent emission regulations have led to declining trends in anthropogenic sources. Therefore, other sources, such as biogenic emissions, could be important in the near future. In addition, increasing temperatures caused by global warming will relate to increasing biogenic emissions. In this study, the role of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) on O3 concentration was focused. The target period was a hot summer in 2018 in Japan, and O3 concentration by simulating with and without biogenic emissions over the Tokyo metropolitan area was analyzed. The result clarified that around 20% (up to 63%) of O3 was produced from biogenic sources at high temperatures, even in the Tokyo metropolitan area. This study suggested that the biogenic sources should be paid attention to and taken into account in the regulation of anthropogenic emissions.
Cuspidal cohomology classes for 𝐺𝐿_{𝑛}(𝐙)
Authors: Boxer George , Calegari Frank , Gee Toby 
Published: October 2024

We prove the existence of a cuspidal automorphic representation

π
\pi

for

GL

79

⁡

/

Q

\operatorname {GL}_{79}/\mathbf {Q}

of level one and weight zero. We construct

π
\pi

using symmetric power functoriality and a change of weight theorem, using Galois deformation theory. As a corollary, we construct the first known cuspidal cohomology classes in

H
∗

(

GL

n

⁡
(

Z

)
,

C

)

H^*(\operatorname {GL}_{n}(\mathbf {Z}),\mathbf {C})

for any

n
>
1

n > 1

.