bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Siderite micro-modification for enhanced corrosion protection
Authors: Taleb Wassim , Pessu Frederick , Wang Chun , Charpentier Thibaut , Barker Richard , Neville Anne 
Published: August 2017

AbstractProduction of oil and gas results in the creation of carbon dioxide (CO2) which when wet is extremely corrosive owing to the speciation of carbonic acid. Severe production losses and safety incidents occur when carbon steel (CS) is used as a pipeline material if corrosion is not properly managed. Currently corrosion inhibitor (CI) chemicals are used to ensure that the material degradation rates are properly controlled; this imposes operational constraints, costs of deployment and environmental issues. In specific conditions, a naturally growing corrosion product known as siderite or iron carbonate (FeCO3) precipitates onto the internal pipe wall providing protection from electrochemical degradation. Many parameters influence the thermodynamics of FeCO3 precipitation which is generally favoured at high values of temperatures, pressure and pH. In this paper, a new approach for corrosion management is presented; micro-modifying the corrosion product. This novel mitigation approach relies on enhancing the crystallisation of FeCO3 and improving its density, protectiveness and mechanical properties. The addition of a silicon-rich nanofiller is shown to augment the growth of FeCO3 at lower pH and temperature without affecting the bulk pH. The hybrid FeCO3 exhibits superior general and localised corrosion properties. The findings herein indicate that it is possible to locally alter the environment in the vicinity of the corroding steel in order to grow a dense and therefore protective FeCO3 film via the incorporation of hybrid organic-inorganic silsesquioxane moieties. The durability and mechanical integrity of the film is also significantly improved.
Impact of physical activity on the association between lipid profiles and mortality among older people
Authors: Ou Shuo-Ming , Chen Yung-Tai , Shih Chia-Jen , Tarng Der-Cherng 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHigh serum lipid levels are independent predictors of mortality risk in the general population. Recent data suggest that this may not apply in the older populations, and even acts in the opposite direction. In consideration of the frail state, minimum amount of physical activity (60–100 minutes each week) may be more suitable for older individuals but its role in lipid profiles has never been explored. Between 2006 and 2010, we conducted a cohort study of 83,820 participants aged ≥65 years using the Taipei City Elderly Health Examination Database. Participants were classified as inactive, low or high in their level of physical activity. Older individuals with lowest quintile of total cholesterol, non-HDL and HDL were associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality compared to those with other quintile of these lipid profiles. Compared to inactive older individuals, both low (adjusted hazard ratios [aHR] 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70–0.81) and high active older individuals (aHR 0.55, 95% CI 0.51–0.59) were associated with lower risks of mortality. Physical activity, even minimum volume of exercise, in older people has to be encouraged to reduce the increased risk of mortality from low serum lipid levels.
Intestinal colonisation patterns in breastfed and formula-fed infants during the first 12 weeks of life reveal sequential microbiota signatures
Authors: Timmerman Harro M. , Rutten Nicole B. M. M. , Boekhorst Jos , Saulnier Delphine M. , Kortman Guus A. M. , Contractor Nikhat , Kullen Martin , Floris Esther , Harmsen Hermie J. M. , Vlieger Arine M. , Kleerebezem Michiel , Rijkers Ger T. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe establishment of the infant gut microbiota is a highly dynamic process dependent on extrinsic and intrinsic factors. We characterized the faecal microbiota of 4 breastfed infants and 4 formula-fed infants at 17 consecutive time points during the first 12 weeks of life. Microbiota composition was analysed by a combination of 16S rRNA gene sequencing and quantitative PCR (qPCR). In this dataset, individuality was a major driver of microbiota composition (P = 0.002) and was more pronounced in breastfed infants. A developmental signature could be distinguished, characterized by sequential colonisation of i) intrauterine/vaginal birth associated taxa, ii) skin derived taxa and other typical early colonisers such as Streptococcus and Enterobacteriaceae, iii) domination of Bifidobacteriaceae, and iv) the appearance of adultlike taxa, particularly species associated with Blautia, Eggerthella, and the potential pathobiont Clostridium difficile. Low abundance of potential pathogens was detected by 16S profiling and confirmed by qPCR. Incidence and dominance of skin and breast milk associated microbes were increased in the gut microbiome of breastfed infants compared to formula-fed infants. The approaches in this study indicate that microbiota development of breastfed and formula-fed infants proceeds according to similar developmental stages with microbiota signatures that include stage-specific species.
Thermally induced crystallization, hole-transport, NLO and photovoltaic activity of a bis-diarylamine-based push-pull molecule
Authors: Jiang Yue , Allain Magali , Gindre Denis , Dabos-Seignon Sylvie , Blanchard Philippe , Cabanetos Clément , Roncali Jean 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe synthesis of a molecule constituted of two diarylamine-based push-pull chromophores covalently linkedviatheir nitrogen atom is described. Comparison of the electronic properties with the parent monomer shows that dimerization has negligible influence on the electronic properties of the molecule but exerts a dramatic impact on the capacity of the material to self-reorganize. Application of thermal annealing to thin films induces the crystallization under original morphologies, a process accompanied by a partial bleaching of the absorption in the visible range and by a huge increase of hole-mobility. X-ray diffraction data on single crystals reveal the presence of π-stacked organization with a non-centrosymmetric co-facial arrangement of the dipoles which leads to intrinsic 2ndorder bulk NLO properties of thin films as evidenced by second harmonic generation under 800 nm laser light. The implications of this thermally induced crystallization on the photovoltaic properties of the material are discussed on the basis of preliminary results obtained on simple bilayer organic solar cells.
Predicting blooms of toxic cyanobacteria in eutrophic lakes with diverse cyanobacterial communities
Authors: Bukowska Aleksandra , Kaliński Tomasz , Koper Michał , Kostrzewska-Szlakowska Iwona , Kwiatowski Jan , Mazur-Marzec Hanna , Jasser Iwona 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe investigated possibility of predicting whether blooms, if they occur, would be formed of microcystin-producing cyanobacteria. DGGE analysis of 16S-ITS and mcyA genes revealed that only Planktothrix and Microcystis possessed mcy-genes and Planktothrix was the main microcystin producer. qPCR analysis revealed that the proportion of cells with mcy-genes in Planktothrix populations was almost 100%. Microcystin concentration correlated with the number of potentially toxic and total Planktothrix cells and the proportion of Planktothrix within all cyanobacteria, but not with the proportion of cells with mcy-genes in total Planktothrix. The share of Microcystis cells with mcy-genes was low and variable in time. Neither the number of mcy-possessing cells, nor the proportion of these cells in total Microcystis, correlated with the concentration of microcystins. This suggests that it is possible to predict whether the bloom in the Masurian Lakes will be toxic based on Planktothrix occurrence. Two species of toxin producing Planktothrix, P. agardhii and P. rubescens, were identified by phylogenetic analysis of 16S-ITS. Based on morphological and ecological features, the toxic Planktothrix was identified as P. agardhii. However, the very high proportion of cells with mcy-genes suggests P. rubescens. Our study reveals the need of universal primers for mcyA genes from environment.
Dipole orientation analysis without optical simulation: application to thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters doped in host matrix
Authors: Komino Takeshi , Oki Yuji , Adachi Chihaya 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe dipole orientation of guest emitters doped into host matrices is usually investigated by angular dependent photoluminescence (PL) measurements, which acquire an out-of-plane PL radiation pattern of the guest-host thin films. The PL radiation patterns generated by these methods are typically analysed by optical simulations, which require expertise to perform and interpret in the simulation. In this paper, we developed a method to calculate an orientational order parameter S without the use of full optical simulations. The PL radiation pattern showed a peak intensity (Isp) in the emission direction tilted by 40°–60° from the normal of the thin film surface plane, indicating an inherent dipole orientation of the emitter. Thus, we directly correlated Isp with S. The S − Isp relation was found to depend on the film thickness (d) and refractive indices of the substrate (nsub) and the organic thin film (norg). Hence, S can be simply calculated with information of Isp, d, nsub, and norg. We applied our method to thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials, which are known to be highly efficient electroluminescence emitters. We evaluated S and found that the error of this method, compared with an optical simulation, was less than 0.05.
Umbilical cord extracts improve diabetic abnormalities in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and increase their therapeutic effects on diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Nagaishi Kanna , Mizue Yuka , Chikenji Takako , Otani Miho , Nakano Masako , Saijo Yusaku , Tsuchida Hikaru , Ishioka Shinichi , Nishikawa Akira , Saito Tsuyoshi , Fujimiya Mineko 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) has been applied as the most valuable source of autologous cell transplantation for various diseases including diabetic complications. However, hyperglycemia may cause abnormalities in intrinsic BM-MSC which might lose sufficient therapeutic effects in diabetic patients. We demonstrated the functional abnormalities in BM-MSC derived from both type 1 and type 2 diabetes models in vitro, which resulted in loss of therapeutic effects in vivo in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Then, we developed a novel method to improve abnormalities in BM-MSC using human umbilical cord extracts, namely Wharton’s jelly extract supernatant (WJs). WJs is a cocktail of growth factors, extracellular matrixes and exosomes, which ameliorates proliferative capacity, motility, mitochondrial degeneration, endoplasmic reticular functions and exosome secretions in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes-derived BM-MSC (DM-MSC). Exosomes contained in WJs were a key factor for this activation, which exerted similar effects to complete WJs. DM-MSC activated by WJs ameliorated renal injury in both type 1 and type 2 DN. In this study, we developed a novel activating method using WJs to significantly increase the therapeutic effect of BM-MSC, which may allow effective autologous cell transplantation.
Marine reserves solve an important bycatch problem in fisheries
Authors: Hastings Alan , Gaines Steven D. , Costello Christopher 
Published: August 2017

Significance
Bycatch, where one species is unintentionally caught in pursuit of another species, is one of the most ubiquitous and crippling challenges in global fisheries. The usual solution is to dramatically reduce take of the target species to allow “weak stock” persistence. Using a general strategic model, we show that establishing areas closed to fishing can alleviate, or even completely eliminate, this problem. If the weak stock is long-lived, but slow to reproduce, significantly higher yields can be obtained by using reserves than by using fishing effort controls alone. We emphasize that this is the problem plaguing the US West Coast groundfish fishery, suggesting that in that fishery, marine reserves may be a solution that simultaneously benefits fishermen and conservation.
Comparison of American Fisheries Society (AFS) Standard Fish Sampling Techniques and Environmental DNA for Characterizing Fish Communities in a Large Reservoir
Authors: Perez Christina R. , Bonar Scott A. , Amberg Jon J. , Ladell Bridget , Rees Chris , Stewart William T. , Gill Curtis J. , Cantrell Chris , Robinson Anthony T. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Recently, methods involving examination of environmental DNA (eDNA) have shown promise for characterizing fish species presence and distribution in waterbodies. We evaluated the use of eDNA for standard fish monitoring surveys in a large reservoir. Specifically, we compared the presence, relative abundance, biomass, and relative percent composition of Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides and Gizzard Shad Dorosoma cepedianum measured through eDNA methods and established American Fisheries Society standard sampling methods for Theodore Roosevelt Lake, Arizona. Catches at electrofishing and gillnetting sites were compared with eDNA water samples at sites, within spatial strata, and over the entire reservoir. Gizzard Shad were detected at a higher percentage of sites with eDNA methods than with boat electrofishing in both spring and fall. In contrast, spring and fall gillnetting detected Gizzard Shad at more sites than eDNA. Boat electrofishing and gillnetting detected Largemouth Bass at more sites than eDNA; the exception was fall gillnetting, for which the number of sites of Largemouth Bass detection was equal to that for eDNA. We observed no relationship between relative abundance and biomass of Largemouth Bass and Gizzard Shad measured by established methods and eDNA copies at individual sites or lake sections. Reservoirwide catch composition for Largemouth Bass and Gizzard Shad (numbers and total weight [g] of fish) as determined through a combination of gear types (boat electrofishing plus gillnetting) was similar to the proportion of total eDNA copies from each species in spring and fall field sampling. However, no similarity existed between proportions of fish caught via spring and fall boat electrofishing and the proportion of total eDNA copies from each species. Our study suggests that eDNA field sampling protocols, filtration, DNA extraction, primer design, and DNA sequencing methods need further refinement and testing before incorporation into standard fish sampling surveys.
Received October 26, 2016; accepted June 9, 2017Published online August 10, 2017
HaploForge: a comprehensive pedigree drawing and haplotype visualization web application
Authors: Tekman Mehmet , Medlar Alan , Mozere Monika , Kleta Robert , Stanescu Horia 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Haplotype reconstruction is an important tool for understanding the aetiology of human disease. Haplotyping infers the most likely phase of observed genotypes conditional on constraints imposed by the genotypes of other pedigree members. The results of haplotype reconstruction, when visualized appropriately, show which alleles are identical by descent despite the presence of untyped individuals. When used in concert with linkage analysis, haplotyping can help delineate a locus of interest and provide a succinct explanation for the transmission of the trait locus. Unfortunately, the design choices made by existing haplotype visualization programs do not scale to large numbers of markers. Indeed, following haplotypes from generation to generation requires excessive scrolling back and forth. In addition, the most widely used program for haplotype visualization produces inconsistent recombination artefacts for the X chromosome.

Results
To resolve these issues, we developed HaploForge, a novel web application for haplotype visualization and pedigree drawing. HaploForge takes advantage of HTML5 to be fast, portable and avoid the need for local installation. It can accurately visualize autosomal and X-linked haplotypes from both outbred and consanguineous pedigrees. Haplotypes are coloured based on identity by descent using a novel A* search algorithm and we provide a flexible viewing mode to aid visual inspection. HaploForge can currently process haplotype reconstruction output from Allegro, GeneHunter, Merlin and Simwalk.

Availability and implementation
HaploForge is licensed under GPLv3 and is hosted and maintained via GitHub. https://github.com/mtekman/haploforge

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Long-Term Follow-up Study of MRI-Guided Bilateral Anterior Capsulotomy in Patients With Refractory Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Liu Wei , Li Dianyou , Sun Fafa , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Wang Tao , Zhan Shikun , Pan Yixin , Huang Peng , Jin Haiyan , Li Yongchao , Sun Bomin 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is one of the most challenging psychiatric disorders to treat. The poor clinical outcomes warrant novel treatments for AN, especially in severe and persistent cases.

OBJECTIVE
To explore the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging-guided bilateral anterior capsulotomy in the treatment of refractory AN.

METHODS
Seventy-four patients diagnosed with refractory AN who underwent capsulotomy completed this 3-yr follow-up study. Outcomes included body mass index (BMI) and results from a series of psychiatric scales (for obsessive, depressive, and anxious symptoms) that were implemented at baseline (presurgery), and 1 mo, 1 yr, and 3 yr after surgery.

RESULTS
Compared to presurgical levels, BMI increased significantly at 1-yr and 3-yr follow-ups. Compared to presurgery scores, psychiatric scale scores were significantly improved at 1-mo postsurgery, and continued to remain low at the 1-yr and 3-yr follow-ups. In addition, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores were in the normal range during the long-term follow-up. The most common short-term side effects included urinary incontinence (n = 7), sleep disorders (n = 8), and fatigue (n = 6). Long-term complications included disinhibition (n = 6), memory loss (n = 3), and lethargy (n = 4). No patient in this study experienced death or disability.

CONCLUSION
Capsulotomy enabled patients with refractory AN to normalize their weight, especially those in life-threatening conditions. While it appears to be an acceptable life-saving treatment, it is indicated only when fulfilling strict criteria given its complications and irreversibility.
Learning Curve of Small Incision Lenticule Extraction: Challenges and Complications
Authors: Titiyal Jeewan S. , Kaur Manpreet , Rathi Anubha , Falera Ruchita , Chaniyara Manthan , Sharma Namrata 
Published: August 2017

Purpose:
To describe the intraoperative complications observed during the initial learning curve of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and their management.

Methods:
Prospective evaluation of 100 consecutive eyes (50 patients) undergoing SMILE was performed at an apex tertiary care ophthalmic center. Patients older than 18 years with a stable refractive error ranging from −1.0 to −10.0 D myopia and up to 3.0 D astigmatism were included. Any intraoperative complications and their management were noted. Postoperative examination including visual acuity was performed on day 1, 1 week, and 1 month.

Results:
Intraoperative difficulties observed in the initial 100 eyes included suction loss (2%), black spots (11%), opaque bubble layer (19%), epithelial defect (2%), and difficult lenticule extraction (9%). Difficult lenticule dissection and extraction was the most surgically challenging step and resulted in posterior stromal damage, anterior cap tear (1%), side-cut tears (4%), partially retained lenticule (1%), and completely retained lenticule (2%). Its incidence decreased from 16% (8/50) in the initial 50 cases to 2% (1/50) in the next 50 cases. Two eyes with completely retained lenticule were re-treated with flap-based excimer laser ablation after 3 months. Optimal visual and anatomical outcomes could be achieved, and no sight-threatening complication was observed in any case.

Conclusions:
The learning curve of SMILE is surgically challenging. Lenticule dissection and extraction is the most difficult step and leads to a multitude of complications. Most complications that result in delayed visual recovery are observed in the initial 50 cases.
Inflammation-Related Pancreatic Carcinogenesis
Authors: Dai Juan-juan , Jiang Ming-jie , Wang Xing-Peng , Tian Ling 
Published: August 2017

AbstractChronic inflammation has long been considered critical in pancreatic carcinogenesis, and recently studies showed that some anti-inflammatory agents such as aspirin could potentially be used to attenuate pancreatic carcinogenesis. Several inflammation-related critical transcription factors and pathways such as NF-κB (nuclear factor κ-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells) and reactive oxygen species have been confirmed to be involved in carcinogenesis. However, its underlying mechanisms are far from clear, which largely limits further development of potential anticarcinogenesis drugs. As a result, it is of great importance for us to better understand and gain a better perspective in inflammation-related pancreatic carcinogenesis. In this review, we systematically analyzed recent advances concerning inflammation-related pancreatic carcinogenesis and brought out the possible underlying mechanisms. Potential preventive and therapeutic strategies based on anti-inflammatory agents have also been further discussed.
Toxic Myocarditis Caused by Acetaminophen in a Multidrug Overdose
Authors: Gosselin Maxime , Dazé Yann , Mireault Pascal , Crahes Marie 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe report the case of an 18-year-old woman with personality disorders who was hospitalized a few hours after suicidal ingestion of acetaminophen, quetiapine, acetylsalicylic acid, and ethanol. Twelve hours after admission, severe liver damage was evident, but the patient was stable and awaiting hepatic transplantation. Electrolytes were successfully controlled. The condition of the liver stabilized. Cardiac biomarkers then deteriorated unexpectedly. Localized ST-segment elevations were noted on electrocardiogram, but angiography ruled out myocardial infarction. A computed tomographic scan ruled out cerebral edema. The patient died of irreversible cardiac arrest 40 hours after admission. Heart failure remained unexplained, and the body underwent forensic autopsy.At autopsy, histologic findings were indicative of acute toxic myocarditis and were concluded to be caused by acetaminophen intoxication. Acetaminophen overdose is common and typically leads to liver failure requiring supportive treatment and emergency liver transplantation. Toxic myocarditis is an extremely rare complication of acetaminophen overdose. It has only been reported 4 times in the literature despite the widespread use and misuse of acetaminophen. Toxic myocarditis remains a possibility in many cases of overdose but can be overlooked in a clinical picture dominated by hepatorenal failure and encephalopathy. Clinicians and forensic pathologists should be aware of this rare potential complication.