bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac tamponade and severe pericardial effusion in systemic sclerosis: report of nine patients and review of the literature
Authors: Fernández Morales Alejandro , Iniesta Nerea , Fernández‐Codina Andreu , Vaz de Cunha Joana , Pérez Romero Teresa , Hurtado García Robert , Simeón‐Aznar Carmen Pilar , Fonollosa Vicent , Cervera Ricard , Espinosa Gerard 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimTo describe the clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) developing severe pericardial effusion or cardiac tamponade.MethodsSSc patients with severe pericardial effusion or cardiac tamponade from three Spanish hospitals were collected. In addition, a computer‐assisted (PubMed, MEDLINE) search of the literature to identify all cases of cardiac tamponade or severe pericardial effusion associated with SSc reported in English, French and Spanish from 1987 through September 2015 was performed.ResultsWe included 40 patients (nine cases from the Spanish hospitals and 31 cases from the literature review). Most patients (87%) were female with a mean age at pericardial involvement of 49.3 ± 15.2 years (range: 18–80 years), and 22 (55%) patients had the diffuse cutaneous subtype. Twenty‐five (63%) patients presented with cardiac tamponade and the remaining 15 (37%) as severe or massive pericardial effusion. Pericardial involvement was previous or simultaneous to SSc diagnosis in 13 (32.5%) cases. In most cases (88.9%) pericardial fluid analysis disclosed an exudate. Half the patients received steroids and 35% needed surgical treatment. Five (12.5%) patients died due to cardiac tamponade, three of them during the acute phase and the remaining two, 2 and 9 months later, respectively.ConclusionsAlthough cardiac tamponade or severe pericardial effusion is an infrequent complication in SSc patients, it can be the first manifestation of disease associated with the diffuse cutaneous subset. No specific treatment for this complication is known.
Factors associated with functional limitations in the daily living activities of Japanese hip osteoarthritis patients
Authors: Kondo Kyoko , Jingushi Seiya , Ohfuji Satoko , Sofue Muroto , Itoman Moritoshi , Matsumoto Tadami , Hamada Yoshiki , Shindo Hiroyuki , Takatori Yoshio , Yamada Harumoto , Yasunaga Yuji , Ito Hiroshi , Mori Satoshi , Owan Ichiro , Fujii Genji , Ohashi Hirotsugu , Fukushima Wakaba , Maeda Akiko , Inui Miki , Takahashi Shinji , Hirota Yoshio 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimAs society ages, there is a vast number of elderly people with locomotive syndrome. In this study, the factors associated with functional limitations in daily living activities evaluated by female hip osteoarthritis (OA) patients were investigated.MethodsThis study was a cross‐sectional study. The subjects were 353 female patients who were newly diagnosed with hip OA at an orthopedic clinic with no history of hip joint surgery. Outcome indices were functional limitations in two daily living activities obtained from a questionnaire completed by the patients: (i) standing up (standing from a crouched position) and (ii) stair‐climbing (climbing and/or descending stairs). The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed for explanatory variables using the proportional odds model in logistic regression to evaluate their associations with functional limitations.ResultsFunctional limitations in standing up were associated with heavy weight (third tertile vs. first tertile: 1.91, 1.11–3.27), participation in sports at school (0.62, 0.40–0.98), parity (vs. nullipara: 1.96, 1.08–3.56), old age and OA stage. Associations with functional limitations in stair‐climbing were seen with short height (< 151.0 cm vs. ≥ 156.0 cm: 2.05, 1.02–4.12), bilateral involvement (vs. unilateral: 1.71, 1.01–2.88), old age and OA stage.ConclusionOld age, OA stage, heavy weight, parity, shorter height and bilateral OA were associated with functional limitations in standing up and/or stair‐climbing, whereas participation in sports such as club activities in school maintained standing up.
Coastal bacterioplankton community response to diatom‐derived polysaccharide microgels
Authors: Taylor Joe D , Cunliffe Michael 
Published: December 2016

SummaryPhytoplankton‐derived polysaccharide microgels, including transparent exopolymer particles (TEP), are a major component of the marine organic carbon pool. Previous studies have made correlative links between phytoplankton material and bacterioplankton, and performed experiments that assess general responses to phytoplankton, yet there is a lack of direct empirical evidence of specific bacterioplankton responses to natural phytoplankton polysaccharide microgels. In this study, we used diatom produced TEP in controlled incubation experiments to determine the impact of polysaccharide microgels on a coastal bacterioplankton community. Quantification of bacterial 16S rRNA gene transcripts showed that the addition of TEP caused an increase in bacterioplankton activity. Similarly, high‐throughput sequencing of RT‐PCR amplified bacterial 16S rRNA gene transcripts showed that active bacterioplankton community structure and diversity also changed in response to microgels. Alteromonadales and Rhodobacterales increased in abundance in response to TEP, suggesting that both bacterioplankton taxa utilize diatom‐derived microgels. However, through assessing 13C‐labelled TEP uptake via RNA Stable Isotope Probing, we show that only the Alteromonadales (genus Alteromonas) assimilated the TEP carbon. This study adds utilization of diatom‐derived TEP to the metabolic repertoire of the archetypal copiotrophic bacterioplankton Alteromonas, and indicates that the Rhodobacterales may utilize TEP for other purposes (e.g. attachment sites).
Long‐term effects of peer victimization on social outcomes through the fourth decade of life in individuals born at normal or extremely low birthweight
Authors: Day Kimberly L. , Van Lieshout Ryan J. , Vaillancourt Tracy , Saigal Saroj , Boyle Michael H. , Schmidt Louis A. 
Published: December 2016

Exposure to early adversity is known to have deleterious effects on brain‐behaviour relations across the lifespan and across a range of domains. Here, we tested a cumulative risk hypothesis of adult social functioning and health outcomes in the fourth decade of life, using the oldest known longitudinally followed cohort of survivors of extremely low birthweight (ELBW; <1,000 g). We investigated the additional impact of peer victimization in youth on social outcomes at age 29–36 years in ELBW survivors and matched normal birthweight (NBW; >2,500 g) participants. In the combined sample, peer victimization was associated with lower likelihood of having children and household income, poorer family functioning and self‐esteem, more loneliness and chronic health conditions, less social support, and increased likelihood for contact with police. Moderation analyses indicated that among ELBW survivors, compared to their NBW counterparts, victimization was more strongly associated with being convicted of a crime and with having chronic health conditions. These findings highlight the negative long‐term impact of peer victimization on all children and that some outcomes may be differentially affected by prenatal and early post‐natal environments.
Statement of contribution

What is already known on this subject

Exposure to early adversity has deleterious effects on brain‐behaviour relations across the lifespan.

Extremely premature children have higher rates of exposure to adversities, including peer victimization.

Peer victimization is associated with adverse outcomes in adulthood in those born at term.

What does this study add?

Victimization negatively impacts the social outcomes of those born extremely premature and at term into adulthood.

Associations appear to be affected by individual differences in prenatal and early post‐natal environments.

Intervention is crucial when peer victimization occurs in children at risk, as well as those typically developing.
Comparing acquired angioedema with hereditary angioedema (types I/II): findings from the Icatibant Outcome Survey
Authors: Longhurst H J , Zanichelli A , Caballero T , Bouillet L , Aberer W , Maurer M , Fain O , Fabien V , Andresen I 
Published: December 2016

Summary
Icatibant is used to treat acute hereditary angioedema with C1 inhibitor deficiency types I/II (C1-INH-HAE types I/II) and has shown promise in angioedema due to acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency (C1-INH-AAE). Data from the Icatibant Outcome Survey (IOS) were analysed to evaluate the effectiveness of icatibant in the treatment of patients with C1-INH-AAE and compare disease characteristics with those with C1-INH-HAE types I/II. Key medical history (including prior occurrence of attacks) was recorded upon IOS enrolment. Thereafter, data were recorded retrospectively at approximately 6-month intervals during patient follow-up visits. In the icatibant-treated population, 16 patients with C1-INH-AAE had 287 attacks and 415 patients with C1-INH-HAE types I/II had 2245 attacks. Patients with C1-INH-AAE versus C1-INH-HAE types I/II were more often male (69 versus 42%; P = 0·035) and had a significantly later mean (95% confidence interval) age of symptom onset [57·9 (51·33–64·53) versus 14·0 (12·70–15·26) years]. Time from symptom onset to diagnosis was significantly shorter in patients with C1-INH-AAE versus C1-INH-HAE types I/II (mean 12·3 months versus 118·1 months; P = 0·006). Patients with C1-INH-AAE showed a trend for higher occurrence of attacks involving the face (35 versus 21% of attacks; P = 0·064). Overall, angioedema attacks were more severe in patients with C1-INH-HAE types I/II versus C1-INH-AAE (61 versus 40% of attacks were classified as severe to very severe; P &lt; 0·001). Median total attack duration was 5·0 h and 9·0 h for patients with C1-INH-AAE versus C1-INH-HAE types I/II, respectively.
Novel biomarkers for the assessment of paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis
Authors: Koutsonikoli A , Trachana M , Farmaki E , Tzimouli V , Pratsidou-Gertsi P , Printza N , Garyphallos A , Galanopoulou V , Kanakoudi-Tsakalidou F , Papachristou F 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThe discovery of serum biomarkers specific for paediatric lupus nephritis (pLN) will facilitate the non-invasive diagnosis, follow-up and more appropriate use of treatment. The aim of this study was to explore the role of serum high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein, antibodies against nucleosomes (anti-NCS), complement factor C1q (anti-C1q) and glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) in pLN. Serum samples of 42 patients with paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE) (22 with pLN and 20 without renal involvement), 15 patients with other autoimmune nephritis (AN) and 26 healthy controls (HCs) were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The activity of both pSLE and pLN was assessed by the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) tool. The levels of all four biomarkers were significantly higher in pLN compared to AN and to HCs. The anti-NCS, anti-GBM and HMGB1 serum levels were significantly higher in pLN than in pSLE without renal involvement. The anti-C1q and the HMGB1 serum levels were correlated positively with pSLE activity. The HMGB1 serum levels were also correlated positively with pLN activity. These findings suggest that serum anti-NCS, anti-GBM and HMGB1 may serve as biomarkers specific for the presence of nephritis in pSLE. HMGB1 emerged as a useful biomarker for the assessment of pLN and pSLE activity, whereas anti-C1q only of pSLE activity.
Phenological mismatch and the effectiveness of assisted gene flow
Authors: Wadgymar Susana M. , Weis Arthur E. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe persistence of narrowly adapted species under climate change will depend on their ability to migrate apace with their historical climatic envelope or to adapt in place to maintain fitness. This second path to persistence can only occur if there is sufficient genetic variance for response to new selection regimes. Inadequate levels of genetic variation can be remedied through assisted gene flow (AGF), that is the intentional introduction of individuals genetically adapted to localities with historic climates similar to the current or future climate experienced by the resident population. However, the timing of reproduction is frequently adapted to local conditions. Phenological mismatch between residents and migrants can reduce resident × migrant mating frequencies, slowing the introgression of migrant alleles into the resident genetic background and impeding evolutionary rescue efforts. Focusing on plants, we devised a method to estimate the frequency of resident × migrant matings based on flowering schedules and applied it in an experiment that mimicked the first generation of an AGF program with Chamaecrista fasciculata, a prairie annual, under current and expected future temperature regimes. Phenological mismatch reduced the potential for resident × migrant matings by 40–90%, regardless of thermal treatment. The most successful migrant sires were the most resident like in their flowering time, further biasing the genetic admixture between resident and migrant populations. Other loci contributing to local adaptation—heat‐tolerance genes, for instance—may be in linkage disequilibrium with phenology when residents and migrants are combined into a single mating pool. Thus, introgression of potentially adaptive migrant alleles into the resident genetic background is slowed when selection acts against migrant phenology. Successful AGF programs may require sustained high immigration rates or preliminary breeding programs when phenologically matched migrant source populations are unavailable.
Predicting difficulty in extending the ileal pouch to the anus in restorative proctocolectomy: investigation of a simple predictive method using computed tomography
Authors: Ohira G. , Miyauchi H. , Narushima K. , Kagaya A. , Mutou Y. , Saitou H. , Hayano K. , Matsubara H. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimThis study aimed to assess the ability of preoperative axial computed tomography (CT) to predict surgical difficulty in bringing the ileal pouch to the level of the anus during restorative proctocolectomy (RPC).MethodPatients who underwent RPC with an ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (or ileal pouch–anal canal anastomosis) in our institution between January 2008 and April 2014 were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups, including those in whom CT indicated potential difficulty in extending the pouch downwards (extension difficult (ED) group) and patients with no CT evidence of potential difficulty (normal group). The groups were compared for clinical factors and the thickness of the slices of CT showing the root of the superior mesenteric artery, the point of communication of the ileocaecal artery with the marginal artery (tICA) and the anal verge (AV). Receiver‐operating characteristic analysis was performed, and a cut‐off value was calculated for predicting the degree of difficulty in bringing the ileal pouch down to the anal canal.ResultsThirty‐four patients were entered in the study. The ED group included significantly taller patients and more with familial adenomatous polyposis than the normal group. The distance between tICA and AV was significantly longer in the ED group, with a cut‐off of 21 cm giving a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 83.3%.ConclusionThe distance between tICA and AV measured by axial CT can be a useful predictor for the difficulty in bringing the ileal pouch down to the anus during RPC.
No benefit of ultrasound‐guided transversus abdominis plane blocks over wound infiltration with local anaesthetic in elective laparoscopic colonic surgery: results of a double‐blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rashid A. , Gorissen K. J. , Ris F. , Gosselink M. P. , Shorthouse J. R. , Smith A. D. , Pandit J. J. , Lindsey I. , Crabtree N. A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimAdvances in laparoscopic techniques combined with enhanced recovery pathways have led to faster recuperation and discharge after colorectal surgery. Peripheral nerve blockade using transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks reduce opioid requirements and provide better analgesia for laparoscopic colectomies than do inactive controls. This double‐blind randomized study was performed to compare TAP blocks using bupivacaine with standardized wound infiltration with local anaesthetic (LA).MethodSeventy‐one patients were randomized to receive either TAP block or wound infiltration. The TAP blocks were performed by experienced anaesthetists who used ultrasound guidance to deliver 40 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine post‐induction into the transverse abdominis plane. In the control group, 40 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine was injected around the trocar and the extraction site by the surgeon. Both groups received patient‐controlled analgesia (PCA) with intravenous morphine. Patients and nursing staff assessed pain scores 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after surgery. The primary outcome was overall morphine use in the first 48 h.ResultsOf the 71 patients, 20 underwent a right hemicolectomy and 51 a high anterior resection. The modified intention‐to‐treat analysis showed no significant differences in overall morphine use [47.3 (36.2–58.5) mg vs 46.7 (36.2–57.3) mg; mean (95% CI), P = 0.8663] in the first 48 h. Pain scores were similar at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. No differences were found regarding time to mobilization, resumption of diet and length of hospital stay.ConclusionIn elective laparoscopic colectomies, standardized wound infiltration with LA has the same analgesic effect as TAP blocks post‐induction using bupivacaine at 48 h.
Evaluation of anatomical and functional results of overlapping anal sphincter repair with or without the injection of bone marrow aspirate concentrate: a case–control study
Authors: Khafagy W. W. , El‐Said M. M. , Thabet W. M. , Aref S. E.‐S. , Omar W. , Emile S. H. , Elfeki H. , El‐Ghonemy M. S. , El‐Shobaky M. T. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimOverlapping anal sphincter repair (OASR) is used for treatment of faecal incontinence due to an external anal sphincter (EAS) defect; however, it is not the optimal treatment as its functional results tend to deteriorate significantly with time. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of local injection of bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) on the outcome of OASR.MethodWe compared a prospective group of 20 patients with EAS defect who were managed with OASR and BMAC injection (group I) with a historical control group of an equal number of patients managed with OASR alone (group II). Patients were assessed preoperatively and during follow‐up by the Wexner continence score and endoanal ultrasound. The primary end‐points were the improvement of the continence level measured by the Wexner score and the residual EAS defect size measured by endoanal ultrasound.ResultsAt the end of follow‐up, group I had significantly lower mean postoperative Wexner score (5.4 ± 7.6 vs 10.6 ± 7.4; P = 0.03) and smaller EAS defect percentage (12.2 ± 17.5 vs 18.3 ± 18.9). These findings were statistically significant in patients with a small preoperative EAS defect equal to or less than one‐third of the anal circumference. Patients with larger preoperative EAS did not show a significant improvement of the continence level after repair in either group.ConclusionAugmenting OASR with local injection of BMAC in patients with faecal incontinence caused by an EAS defect, particularly a smaller defect, can improve both functional and anatomical outcomes of OASR.
Factors affecting the incidence of early endoscopic recurrence after ileocolonic resection for Crohn's disease: a multicentre observational study
Authors: de Barcelos I. F. , Kotze P. G. , Spinelli A. , Suzuki Y. , Teixeira F. V. , de Albuquerque I. C. , Saad‐Hossne R. , da Silva Kotze L. M. , Yamamoto T. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimEarly endoscopic recurrence is frequently observed in patients following resection for Crohn's disease (CD). However, factors affecting the incidence of an early postoperative endoscopic recurrence (EPER) have not been fully determined. The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors for EPER after ileocolonic resection for CD.MethodThis was a retrospective, international multicentre study, in which 127 patients with a first ileocolonoscopy conducted between 6 and 12 months after ileocolonic resection for CD were included. Endoscopic recurrence was defined as a Rutgeerts score of ≥ i2. The following variables were investigated as potential risk factors for EPER: gender, age at surgery, location and behaviour of CD, smoking, concomitant perianal lesions, preoperative use of steroids, immunomodulators and biologics, previous resection, blood transfusion, surgical procedure (open vs laparoscopic approach), length of resected bowel, type of anastomosis (side‐to‐side vs end‐to‐end), postoperative complications, granuloma and postoperative biological therapy. Variables related to the patient, disease and surgical procedure were investigated as potential risk factors for EPER, with univariate and multivariate (logistic regression) analyses.Results43/127 (34%) patients had EPER at the time of the first postoperative ileocolonoscopy. In univariate analysis, only preoperative steroid use was significantly associated with a higher rate of EPER [21/45 patients (47%) on steroids and 22/82 patients (27%) without steroids (P = 0.04)]. In multivariate analysis, only preoperative steroid use was a significant independent risk factor for EPER (odds ratio 3.28, 95% confidence interval: 1.30–8.28; P = 0.01).ConclusionsThis study found that only preoperative steroid use was a significant risk factor for EPER after ileocolonic resection for CD. Prospective studies are necessary to evaluate precisely the impact of perioperative medications on EPER rates.
Damming Fragments Species’ Ranges and Heightens Extinction Risk
Authors: Carvajal‐Quintero Juan D. , Januchowski‐Hartley Stephanie R. , Maldonado‐Ocampo Javier A. , Jézéquel Céline , Delgado Juliana , Tedesco Pablo A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractTropical rivers are experiencing an unprecedented boom in dam construction. Despite rapid dam expansion, knowledge about the ecology of tropical rivers and the implications of existing and planned dams on freshwater‐dependent species remains limited. Here, we evaluate fragmentation of fish species’ ranges, considering current and planned dams of the Magdalena River basin, Colombia. We quantify the relationship between species’ range and body sizes and use a vulnerability limit set by this relationship to explore the influence that fragmentation of species’ ranges has on extinction risk. We find that both existing and planned dams fragment most fish species’ ranges, splitting them into more vulnerable populations. Importantly, we find that migratory species, and those that support fisheries, are most affected by fragmentation. Our results highlight the dramatic impact that dams can have on freshwater fishes and offer insights into species’ extinction risk for data‐limited regions.