bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
White matter tract integrity is associated with antidepressant response to lurasidone in bipolar depression
Authors: Lan Martin J , Rubin‐Falcone Harry , Motiwala Fatima , Chen Ying , Stewart Jonathan W , Hellerstein David J , Mann J John , McGrath Patrick J 
Published: August 2017

ObjectivesPatients with bipolar disorder spend the most time in the depressed phase, and that phase is associated with the most morbidity and mortality. Treatment of bipolar depression lacks a test to determine who will respond to treatment. White matter disruptions have been found in bipolar disorder. Previous reports suggest that white matter disruptions may be associated with resistance to antidepressant medication, but this has never been investigated in a prospective study using a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐approved medication.MethodsEighteen subjects with bipolar disorder who were in a major depressive episode and off all medications were recruited. Magnetic resonance imaging was acquired using a 64‐direction diffusion tensor imaging sequence on a 3T scanner. Subjects were treated with 8 weeks of open‐label lurasidone. The Montgomrey‐Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) was completed weekly. Tract‐Based Spatial Statistics were utilized to perform a regression analysis of fractional anisotropy (FA) data with treatment outcome as assessed by percent change in MADRS as a regressor while controlling for age and sex, using a threshold of P (threshold‐free cluster enhancement‐corrected) <.05.ResultsFA was positively correlated with antidepressant treatment response in multiple regions of the mean FA skeleton bilaterally, including tracts in the frontal and parietal lobes.ConclusionsGreater disruptions in the white matter tracts in bipolar disorder were associated with poorer antidepressant response to lurasidone. The disruptions may potentially indicate treatment with a different antidepressant medication class. These results are limited by the open‐label study design, sample size and lack of a healthy control group.
Menopause and illness course in bipolar disorder: A systematic review
Authors: Perich Tania , Ussher Jane , Meade Tanya 
Published: August 2017

ObjectivesMenopause may be a time of increased mood symptoms for some women. This systematic review aimed to examine the severity of symptoms and prevalence of mood changes in women with bipolar disorder during peri‐menopause and post‐menopause.MethodsA systematic review was undertaken in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. The two primary outcomes assessed were relapse rates and symptom severity during menopause. Databases searched were MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychInfo, CINAHL and SCOPUS from January 1980 until December 2016.ResultsNine studies, including a total of 273 participants diagnosed with bipolar disorder and who reported menopause, were included in the narrative synthesis. Menopause was reported to be associated with increased symptoms overall, and with depression in particular (range of 46%‐91%). The collection of self‐reported retrospective data was the most commonly used method to record menopause status.ConclusionsThe impact of menopause on illness course for women with bipolar disorder is largely under‐explored. Preliminary evidence suggests that it may be associated with increased bipolar symptoms. Further work is needed to explore how menopause may interact with bipolar disorder over time and the nature of these symptom changes, and if and how menopause may differ from other reproductive stages.
Focal irreversible electroporation as primary treatment for localized prostate cancer
Authors: van den Bos Willemien , Scheltema Matthijs J. , Siriwardana Amila R. , Kalsbeek Anton M.F. , Thompson James E. , Ting Francis , Böhm Maret , Haynes Anne‐Maree , Shnier Ron , Delprado Warick , Stricker Phillip D. 
Published: August 2017

ObjectivesTo determine the safety, quality of life (QoL) and short‐term oncological outcomes of primary focal irreversible electroporation (IRE) for the treatment of localized prostate cancer (PCa), and to identify potential risk factors for oncological failure.Patients and MethodsPatients who met the consensus guidelines on patient criteria and selection methods for primary focal therapy were eligible for analysis. Focal IRE was performed for organ‐confined clinically significant PCa, defined as high‐volume disease with Gleason sum score 6 (International Society of Urological Pathology [ISUP] grade 1) or any Gleason sum score of 7 (ISUP grades 2–3). Oncological, adverse event (AE) and QoL outcome data, with a minimum of 6 months’ follow‐up, were analysed. Patient characteristics and peri‐operative treatment variables were compared between patients with and without oncological failure on follow‐up biopsy. Wilcoxon's signed rank test, Wilcoxon's rank sum test and the chi‐squared test were used to assess statistically significant differences in paired continuous, unpaired continuous and categorical variables respectively.ResultsA total of 63 patients met all eligibility criteria and were included in the final analysis. No high‐grade AEs occurred. QoL questionnaire analysis demonstrated no significant change from baseline in physical (P = 0.81), mental (P = 0.48), bowel (P = 0.25) or urinary QoL domains (P = 0.41 and P = 0.25), but there was a mild decrease in the sexual QoL domain (median score 66 at baseline vs 54 at 6 months; P < 0.001). Compared with baseline, a decline of 70% in prostate‐specific antigen level (1.8 ng/mL, interquartile range 0.96–4.8 ng/mL) was seen at 6–12 months. A narrow safety margin (P = 0.047) and system errors (P = 0.010) were identified as potential early risk factors for in‐field oncological failure. In‐field and whole‐gland oncological control on follow‐up biopsies was 84% (38/45 patients) and 76% (34/45 patients); this increased to 97% (38/39 patients) and 87% (34/39 patients) when patients treated with a narrow safety margin and system errors were excluded.ConclusionOur data support the safety and feasibility of focal IRE as a primary treatment for localized PCa with effective short‐term oncological control in carefully selected men.
Ce que peut la sociologie
Authors: Lahire Bernard 
Published: August 2017

When it is relational, processual, and it articulates the incorporated dispositions of the actors and the contexts of their actions, sociology “desevidentialize,” denaturalize, desubstantialize, and historicize the social world by contributing to do away with spontaneous representations that distort the reality of things. Besides, when sociology studies the social at the level of the individuals and individual actions, it destroys the fictions (juridical and philosophical) of the isolated individuals, enclosed on himself, free and fully conscious of everything. By producing images of the real state of the social world, sociology fully participates in the democratic life of our societies and should, therefore, be at the heart of the formation of citizens.Lorsqu'elle est relationnelle, processuelle, et qu'elle articule les dispositions incorporées des acteurs et les contextes de leurs actions, la sociologie ‘désévidentialise’, dénaturalise, désubstantialise et historicise le monde social en contribuant à chasser les représentations spontanées qui déforment la réalité des choses. Lorsque, par ailleurs, elle étudie le social à l’échelle des individus et des actions individuelles, elle détruit les fictions (juridique comme philosophique) de l'individu isolé, enfermé sur lui‐même, libre et pleinement conscient de tout. Produisant des images un tant soit peu précises et justes de l’état réel du monde social, la sociologie participe pleinement à la vie démocratique de nos sociétés et devrait, pour cette raison, être au cœur de la formation des citoyens.
He Says, She Says: Mothers and Children Remembering the Same Events
Authors: Wang Qi , Song Qingfang 
Published: August 2017

This study examined the consistency of memories for the same events in mothers and children, and how that varied as a function of culture and organizational components of memories. European American (EA) and Chinese immigrant (CI) mothers and their 6‐year‐old children (N = 127) independently recalled two emotionally salient events. In both cultures, mothers and children agreed more on factual event details and observable behaviors and less on subjective experiences and idiosyncratic interpretations. EA mothers and children told more diverse stories than did CI mothers and children. The findings shed important light on autobiographical memory as a multidimensional construct shaped by cultural beliefs and practices, and have critical implications for the evaluation of memory accuracy in research and real‐life settings.
Hairdressers' skin exposure to hair dyes during different hair dyeing tasks
Authors: Lind Marie‐Louise , Johnsson Stina , Lidén Carola , Meding Birgitta , Boman Anders 
Published: August 2017

SummaryBackgroundThe high risk of occupational skin disease among hairdressers, caused by skin exposure to irritants and sensitizers, such as hair dye substances, is of great concern.ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to assess how the various tasks involved in hair dyeing contribute to hairdressers' exposure to hair dye, in order to enable the formulation of well‐founded recommendations on working routines that will reduce exposure and prevent occupational disease.MethodsSkin exposure to hair dye was measured for 20 hairdressers applying highlights and all‐over hair colour with the hand rinsing technique. Resorcinol was used as a proxy for hair dye exposure.ResultsApplying hair dye and cutting the newly dyed hair were the tasks that contributed most to exposure in treatments for highlights. After cutting all‐over‐coloured hair, all hairdressers had measurable amounts of hair dyes on both hands.ConclusionsHairdressers are exposed to hair dye ingredients during all steps of the hair dyeing procedure. Cutting newly dyed hair contributes significantly to exposure. For the prevention of occupational disease resulting from hair dye exposure, we suggest cutting hair before dyeing it, and wearing gloves during all other work tasks.
An extended high‐frequency ultrasound protocol for detection of vessel wall inflammation
Authors: Zachrisson H. , Svensson C. , Dremetsika A. , Eriksson P. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate an extended protocol of the large vessels using high‐frequency duplex ultrasound (DUS) for detection of vessel wall inflammation.MethodsFifty‐eight patients performed a DUS examination where arteritis could not be excluded. All DUS examinations were performed using ACUSON S2000 TM ultrasound system (Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc.). High‐frequency linear transducers were used (18L6 MHz, 9L4MHz) or curve linear for the aortic arch (6C2 MHz). Carotid, vertebral, central neck arteries (subclavian, axillary, innominate) arteries, aortic arch and femoral arteries were studied. Circumferential, homogenous wall thickening, with or without a hyperechogenic stripe lining the innermost layer, were regarded as typical signs of arteritis. Intima‐media thickness (IMT) was measured in the patients and a normal control group.The latest clinical updated diagnosis was assessed at least 6 months after DUS.ResultsThe DUS findings showed normal vessels (n = 14), arteritis and atherosclerosis (n = 13), atherosclerosis (n = 15) and arteritis (n = 16). The latter group had a significant increased IMT in the common femoral artery and the common carotid artery (mean 1·0 ± SD 0·3 mm versus 0·6 ± 0·2 mm in the normal group (n = 37), P<0·00001, 1·2 ± 0·5 mm versus 0·8 ± 0·2 mm in the normal group (n = 40), P<0·00001).In the groups with sonographic signs implying arteritis (n = 29), 20 patients had a clinical diagnosis of arteritis, whereas eight patients had another main diagnosis such as malignancy/other inflammatory or infectious disease complicated by inflammation of the vessel wall. One patient had multiple diagnoses and was not possible to classify.ConclusionAn extended ultrasound protocol for central neck and leg arteries could be of value for diagnosis of arteritis. In case of atypical vessel wall inflammation, other main diagnoses should be considered.
Adrenomedullin and galanin responses to orthostasis in older persons
Authors: Broadbent James , Reichmuth Johannes , Trozic Irhad , Kneihsl Markus , Rössler Andreas , Green David A , Rodriguez Joel , Hinghofer‐Szalkay Helmut , Fazekas Franz , Goswami Nandu 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundNeuroendocrine responses to orthostasis may be critical in the maintenance of mean arterial pressure in healthy individuals. A greater reduction in orthostatic tolerance with age may relate to modulation of hormonal responses such as adrenomedullin and galanin. Thus, we investigated (i) whether adrenomedullin and galanin concentrations increase during orthostatic challenge in older subjects, (ii) whether adrenomedullin and galanin concentrations are higher in older females compared with older males when seated and during orthostatic challenge, and (iii) whether postural changes in plasma concentrations of galanin are correlated with levels of adrenomedullin in either older females or males.Materials and MethodsSubjects (n = 18; 12 ♀; 55–80 years old) performed a sit‐to‐stand test in a 25°C sensory‐minimised environment, with blood samples collected after 4 min of being seated and then when standing. Plasma adrenomedullin and galanin concentrations were determined.ResultsBaseline plasma concentration of adrenomedullin (5·35 ± 0·74 (n = 12, females) vs. 7·40 ± 1·06 pg/mL (n = 5, males)) and galanin (64·07 ± 9·05 vs. 98·99 ± 16·90 pg/mL, respectively) did not significantly differ between genders. Furthermore, plasma adrenomedullin and galanin concentrations were not significantly affected by adoption of the upright posture in either gender and were not correlated in females or males.ConclusionsAdrenomedullin and galanin concentrations were similar between genders and did not change following adoption of the standing posture. To further clarify the roles, these hormones play in orthostatic intolerance, adrenomedullin and galanin concentrations should be assessed in participants who show presyncopal symptoms during an orthostatic challenge.
Small‐scale spatial variability in the distribution of ectomycorrhizal fungi affects plant performance and fungal diversity
Authors: Livne‐Luzon Stav , Ovadia Ofer , Weber Gil , Avidan Yael , Migael Hen , Glassman Sydney I. , Bruns Thomas D. , Shemesh Hagai 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe effects of spatial heterogeneity in negative biological interactions on individual performance and species diversity have been studied extensively. However, little is known about the respective effects involving positive biological interactions, including the symbiosis between plants and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi. Using a greenhouse bioassay, we explored how spatial heterogeneity of natural soil inoculum influences the performance of pine seedlings and composition of their root‐associated EM fungi. When the inoculum was homogenously distributed, a single EM fungal taxon dominated the roots of most pine seedlings, reducing the diversity of EM fungi at the treatment level, while substantially improving pine seedling performance. In contrast, clumped inoculum allowed the proliferation of several different EM fungi, increasing the overall EM fungal diversity. The most dominant EM fungal taxon detected in the homogeneous treatment was also a highly beneficial mutualist, implying that the trade‐off between competitive ability and mutualistic capacity does not always exist.
Recreational fishing impacts on threatened river sharks: A potential conservation issue
Authors: Kyne Peter M. , Feutry Pierre 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThe Adelaide River in Australia's Northern Territory is a popular recreational fishing area, as well as habitat for threatened and protected river sharks (Glyphis species). Both the Critically Endangered Speartooth Shark (Glyphis glyphis) and Endangered Northern River Shark (Glyphis garricki) are identified here in illegal catches from recreational angling. The identification of a decayed shark specimen using a DNA barcoding‐like approach is the first such application to the identification of protected sharks in a recreational fishery. While the extent of catches by recreational anglers is unknown, the threatened status of these sharks, their suspected low population sizes, restricted distributions and importance of the Adelaide River as a nursery area call for the consideration of this as a potential conservation issue. As such, appropriate measures should be taken to reduce interactions with recreational anglers. The primary target species in the river is the iconic sportfish, Barramundi, which is predominantly caught by unbaited lure. Sharks are rarely caught on lure, allowing an opportunity for mitigation to focus on a fishing activity (baited hooks) which would limit any regulatory impact on popular lure fishing. Potential mitigation measures range from increased angler education and compliance checks, to the implementation of a spatial closure to baited hook fishing (a lure‐only zone). Such measures may assist in meeting a stated objective of the Australian Government's river shark Recovery Plan to ‘reduce and, where possible, eliminate adverse impacts of recreational fishing'.
A citizen‐trapper effort to control Common Myna: Trap success, specificity and preferred bait type
Authors: Linley Grant D. , Paton David C. , Weston Michael A. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryWe describe a community‐run effort to cull Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis) in Melbourne undertaken with modest funding (overall: $30.14 per trap day, $5.17 per euthanized Common Myna). Trap success (overall, 0.04 birds per trap per day) peaked early in the effort and slowly declined. Trap specificity was high (83.8%) and similar between bait types. Dry cat food captured more Common Myna, and a similar assemblage of animals, to dry dog food. Bread baits captured a broader assemblage of animals. The community‐led trapping programme reduced the mean density of Common Myna and achieved high target specificity with relatively few unintended trap deaths. While long‐term impacts on the population of Common Myna or native birds are yet to be analysed, the results suggest that ongoing effort is required for population suppression.
Neuropsychiatric adverse events of antiepileptic drugs in brain tumour‐related epilepsy: an Italian multicentre prospective observational study
Authors: Bedetti C. , Romoli M. , Maschio M. , Di Bonaventura C. , Nardi Cesarini E. , Eusebi P. , Siliquini S. , Dispenza S. , Calabresi P. , Costa C. 
Published: August 2017

Background and purposeWe assessed the prevalence and magnitude of neuropsychiatric adverse events (NPAEs) associated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) among patients with brain tumour‐related epilepsy (BTRE).MethodsThis observational, prospective, multicentre study enrolled 259 patients with BTRE after neurosurgery. All patients received AED monotherapy. Efficacy was assessed through clinical diaries, whereas NPAEs were collected using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Test‐12 questionnaire at baseline and after 5 months.ResultsTumour localization in the frontal lobe was associated with a higher prevalence of NPAEs (odds ratio, 7.73; P < 0.001). Independent of tumour localization, levetiracetam (LVT) treatment was associated with higher prevalence and magnitude of NPAEs (odds ratio, 7.94; P < 0.01) compared with other AEDs. Patients with oligodendroglioma reported more NPAEs than patients with other tumour types. NPAEs were not influenced by chemotherapy, radiotherapy or steroid treatment. Evaluating non‐neurobehavioural adverse events of AEDs, no significant differences were found among AEDs, although patients treated with old AEDs had a higher prevalence of adverse events than those treated with new AEDs.ConclusionsBoth tumour localization in the frontal lobe and LVT treatment are associated with a higher risk of NPAEs in patients with BTRE. LVT is regarded as a first‐line option in patients with BTRE because of easy titration and few significant drug‐to‐drug interactions. Thus, as NPAEs lead to poor compliance and a high dropout rate, clinicians need to accurately monitor NPAEs after AED prescription, especially in patients with frontal lobe tumours receiving LVT.
Linguistic Dimensions of Accentedness and Comprehensibility: Exploring Task and Listener Effects in Second Language French
Authors: Bergeron Annie , Trofimovich Pavel 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis study explored the effects of task and listeners’ linguistic background on judgments of accentedness and comprehensibility in second language (L2) French. Forty Spanish speakers of L2 French recorded a picture narrative and answered an interview question. These audio samples were assessed by native French listeners with (n = 10) and without (n = 10) knowledge of L2 Spanish using 1,000‐point sliding scales to evaluate accentedness and comprehensibility, as well as nine linguistic variables targeting pronunciation, fluency, lexis, grammar, and discourse. In the picture narrative task (cognitively less complex), accentedness could be distinguished from comprehensibility at the level of the linguistic dimensions associated with each construct. While accentedness was related to pronunciation and fluency (consonant and vowel errors, intonation, speech rate), comprehensibility was additionally linked to lexis (accuracy, richness), grammar (accuracy, complexity), and discourse richness. However, in the interview task (cognitively more complex), both accentedness and comprehensibility had similar linguistic profiles, associated with all nine linguistic variables. Listeners’ experience with L2 Spanish had little impact on listener ratings of accentedness or comprehensibility in both tasks. Findings are discussed in relation to L2 instruction and the role of task complexity in targeting various dimensions of L2 accentedness and comprehensibility.