bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A phase II, single‐arm, multicentre study of coltuximab ravtansine (SAR3419) and rituximab in patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Coiffier Bertrand , Thieblemont Catherine , de Guibert Sophie , Dupuis Jehan , Ribrag Vincent , Bouabdallah Réda , Morschhauser Franck , Navarro Robert , Le Gouill Steven , Haioun Corinne , Houot Roch , Casasnovas Olivier , Holte Harald , Lamy Thierry , Broussais Florence , Payrard Sandrine , Hatteville Laurence , Tilly Hervé 
Published: March 2016

SummaryIn this phase II, multicentre, single‐arm study, 52 patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) received the anti‐CD19 antibody–drug conjugate coltuximab ravtansine (55 mg/m2) and rituximab (375 mg/m2) weekly for 4 weeks, then every 2 weeks for 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) by International Working Group Criteria. The primary objective was to reject the null hypothesis of an ORR of ≤40%. Among 45 evaluable patients, the ORR was 31·1% (80% confidence interval [CI]: 22·0–41·6%) and the primary objective was not met. The ORR appeared higher in patients with relapsed disease (58·3% [80% CI: 36·2–78·1%]) versus those refractory to their last (42·9% [80% CI: 17·0–72·1%]) or first‐line therapy (15·4% [80% CI: 6·9–28·4%]). Median progression‐free survival, overall survival and duration of response were 3·9 [80% CI: 3·22–3·98], 9·0 [80% CI: 6·47–13·67] and 8·6 (range: 0–18) months, respectively. The pharmacokinetics of both drugs were unaffected by co‐administration. Common adverse events included gastrointestinal disorders (52%) and asthenia (25%). No patients discontinued due to adverse events. In conclusion, coltuximab ravtansine with rituximab was well tolerated and yielded clinical responses in a subset of patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL.
Slope‐to‐basin stratigraphic evolution of the northwestern Great Bahama Bank (Bahamas) during the Neogene to Quaternary: interactions between downslope and bottom currents deposits
Authors: Principaud Mélanie , Ponte Jean‐Pierre , Mulder Thierry , Gillet Hervé , Robin Cécile , Borgomano Jean 
Published: March 2016

AbstractMultichannel high‐resolution seismic data along the northwestern margin of the Great Bahama Bank (GBB), Bahamas, detail the internal geometry and depositional history of a Neogene‐Quaternary carbonate slope‐to‐basin area. The stratigraphic architecture through this period evolves from (i) a mud‐dominated slope apron during the Miocene, (ii) a debris‐dominated base‐of‐slope apron during the Late Pliocene and then (iii) return to a slope apron with very short prograding clinoformal aprons during the Pleistocene. This geometric evolution was broadly constrained by the development of the Santaren Drift by bottom current since the Langhian. The drift expands along the northwesternGBBslope, forming a continuous correlative massive feature that shows successive phases of growth and retreat and influenced the downslope sediments distribution. Indeed, Late Pliocene deposits are confined into the moat, forming a strike‐continuous coarse debrites belt along the mid‐slope, preventing their free expansion into the basin. The occurrence of basinal drift that operated since 15 Ma showed a significant upslope growth around 3.6 Ma and is interpreted as resulting from the closure of the Central American Seaway which also coincides with a global oceanographic re‐organization and climate changes in the Northern Hemisphere.
The effect of the Canada‐US Free Trade Agreement on Canadian multilateral trade liberalization
Authors: Mai Joseph , Stoyanov Andrey 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn this paper show that the Canada‐US Free Trade Agreement (CUSFTA) tariff preferences have triggered a decline in Canadian external tariffs, explaining a two percentage point reduction in the average tariff between 1989 and 1998. Next, we found that industries that generate the least export rent to the US firms experienced deeper tariff cuts in Canada; this result provides evidence of cooperation in trade policies between the US and Canada. Finally, we estimate the effect of the CUSFTA on the intensity of industrial lobbying for trade policy in Canada and find no relationship between preferential trade liberalization and lobbying activity.
Chinese export competition, declining exports and adjustments at the industry and regional level in Europe
Authors: Flückiger Matthias , Ludwig Markus 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe analyze how a set of 22 European countries was affected by increased Chinese export competition between 1995 and 2008. Employing product‐group level data, we observe a reduction in the export volumes of European countries due to increased Chinese export competition. This deceleration in the export sector induces changes within the manufacturing industries, especially a decline in employment. When using more aggregated, regional‐level data, our analysis shows that the industry sector as a whole declines, resulting in an increased unemployment rate. The importance of Chinese export competition for Europe is attributable to its high export intensity.
The evolving patterns of global production of multi‐product firms
Authors: He Huanlang , Yu Zhihao 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe extend the framework of Antràs and Helpman (2004) to investigate how multi‐product firms choose different production structures for producing various products and derive four equilibrium patterns of global production. We show that the evolving patterns of inward foreign direct investment and outward processing trade observed in China can be explained by the rapid increase in labour productivity relative to wages. The model predicts that, as labour productivity increases, outsourcing activities will eventually exhibit an inverse U‐shape. We also find that technology spillover increases outsourcing but reduces FDI; the increase in labour productivity, however, could raise both FDI and outsourcing activities.
Spheres of decision‐making in small and isolated municipalities: The Thompson‐Nicola Regional District
Authors: Rahman Hafizur , Seldon Zena 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWhile there is extensive American literature that examines the interface between elected officials and administrators in cities and municipalities, there is virtually nothing written about Canada, particularly for small and isolated cities and villages. Based on a survey consisting of twenty‐one operational questions conducted in the Thompson‐Nicola Regional District (TNRD) of British Columbia, the study fills that void. We found varying degrees of shared decision‐making between the two parties, but the respondents also reported incursions from their counterparties in a number of areas.
What do patients expect from treatment with Dental Implants? Perceptions, expectations and misconceptions: a multicenter study
Authors: Yao Jie , Li Ming , Tang Hua , Wang Peng‐Lai , Zhao Yu‐Xiao , McGrath Colman , Mattheos Nikos 
Published: March 2016

AbstractObjectiveWhile research in terms of patient‐centered care in implant therapy is growing, few studies have investigated patients' initial perceptions prior to consultation with the implant dentist. The aim of this cross‐sectional study was to capture patients' initial information level, perceptions, as well as expectations from the implant therapy.MethodA 34‐item questionnaire was developed to investigate patients' preoperative information, perceptions and expectations from treatment with Dental Implants. The study was conducted in three locations (Hong Kong, SiChuan and JiangSu) during 2014–2015 with 277 patients.ResultsThe main information source about implant therapy was the dentist or hygienist for less than half of the patients (n = 113, 42%). About 62.8% of participants considered that they were in general informed about implants, but only 17.7% felt confident with the information they had. More than 30% of the sample appeared to maintain dangerous misperceptions about Dental Implants: “Dental Implants require less care than natural teeth”; “Treatment with Dental Implants is appropriate for all patients with missing teeth”; “Dental Implants last longer than natural teeth”; and “Treatments with Dental Implants have no risks or complications.” Patients were divided when asked whether “Dental Implants are as functional as natural teeth” (agreement frequency = 52.7%). Expectations from treatment outcome were commonly high, while there was a significant correlation between the overall mean of perception scores and outcome expectation scores (r = 0.32, P < 0.001). Overall, younger subjects (<45 years) and those with higher education level (bachelor and postgraduate) tended to present more realistic perceptions and lower outcome expectations.ConclusionThe majority of patients in this study presented relatively realistic perceptions. However, an alarming portion of the sample presented with inaccurate perceptions and unrealistic expectations, which the dental team would need to diagnose and correct prior to initiating implant treatment.
Histomorphometric evaluation of a dual acid‐etched vs. a chemically modified hydrophilic dual acid‐etched implant surface. An experimental study in dogs
Authors: de Jesus Rainde Naiara Rezende , Stavropoulos Andreas , Oliveira Maiolino Thomaz Fonseca , Soares Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira , Moura Camilla Christian Gomes , Zanetta‐Barbosa Darceny 
Published: March 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this preclinicalin vivostudy was to compare histologically and histomorphometrically osseointegration of dual acid‐etched vs. hydrophilic implants.Material and methodsTwo pairs of implants (Neodent, Curitiba, Brazil), with same macrogeometry but different surface technology (i) dual acid‐etched surface (SAE) treatment with hydrochloric and sulfuric acid followed by microwave treatment and insertion in isotonic saline solution to increase hydrophilicity (SAE‐HD) (test,n = 12); (ii) dualSAE(control,n = 12) were installed bilaterally in the proximal tibia of six beagle dogs. Histologic and histomorphometric evaluation was performed after 2 and 4 weeksin vivo, on non‐decalcified sections. Percentages of bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) and bone density (BD) were estimated and tested for significant differences with the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test for paired samples (P < 0.05).ResultsIn general, new bone formation along and in contact with the implant surface could be observed irrespective of the experimental group and observation period. Most of the bone was woven but small quantities of lamellar bone, mainly in close proximity to the cortex could also be observed.BICat 2 weeks was 19.57 ± 13.57 and 20.33 ± 7.99 (P = 0.75), and at 4 weeks was 42.80 ± 14.48 and 40.25 ± 9.45 (P = 0.65) forSAE‐HDandSAEimplants respectively.BDat 2 weeks was 24.85 ± 16.31 and 25.66 ± 8.59 (P = 0.35) and at 4 weeks 44.13 ± 6.46 and 40.13 ± 6.46 (P = 0.25) forSAE‐HDandSAEimplants respectively.ConclusionBone‐to‐implant contact andBDincreased with time in bothSAE‐HDandSAEimplants. No significant differences were observed between the two different implant surfaces for any of the evaluated parameters and at any observation time‐point.
Treatment satisfaction with different weight loss methods among respondents with obesity
Authors: Gupta S. , Wang Z. 
Published: March 2016

SummarySatisfaction with weight loss (WL) methods has been correlated with the effectiveness, long‐term compliance and commitment to weight management. This study explored treatment satisfaction associated with different WL methods among patients with obesity. Cross‐sectional data were analysed from the 2012 US National Health and Wellness Survey. Respondents with obesity were categorized as having a WL procedure (e.g., gastric bypass and gastric banding) or using a prescription medication for WL (Sur/Rx), vs. using self‐modification WL techniques (e.g., diet, exercise and WL supplements). Overall satisfaction with current WL methods was assessed among the obese and the overweight/obese with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Of the 22 927 respondents with obesity, 58.4% took no current action to lose weight, 2.3% were identified as Sur/Rx and 39.3% were identified as self‐modification. The Sur/Rx group reported being very/extremely satisfied more frequently than the self‐modification group (39.3% vs. 20.2%, P < 0.001). Similarly, respondents with T2DM that were overweight/obese reported higher satisfaction in the Sur/Rx vs. the self‐modification group (46.6% vs. 22.7%, P < 0.001). Satisfaction with WL methods was greater for the Sur/Rx vs. the self‐modification group. Data suggest the importance of including bariatric surgery and pharmacotherapy as an integral part in comprehensive WL management.
Determinants of stoma reversal in rectal cancer patients who had an anterior resection between 2009 and 2012 in the English National Health Service
Authors: Kuryba A. J. , Scott N. A. , Hill J. , van der Meulen J. H. , Walker K. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAimThe rate of ileostomy reversal was estimated in patients undergoing an elective anterior resection for rectal cancer and factors associated with reversal were identified.MethodThe records of 4879 rectal patients who had an ileostomy created during anterior resection between 2009 and 2012 were identified in the National Bowel Cancer Audit database and linked to administrative records of the Hospital Episode Statistics. Patients were followed from surgery. Multivariable proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the impact of patient and cancer characteristics on ileostomy reversal with death as the competing risk.ResultsWithin 18 months from anterior resection, 3536 (72.5%) patients had undergone ileostomy reversal. The reversal rate was lower in the following circumstances: older patients [hazard ratio (HR) 0.90; 95% CI 0.84–0.96, aged 80 vs 70 years], male gender (HR 0.90; 0.84–0.97), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade (HR 0.64; 0.56–0.74, ASA 3+ vs 1), more advanced cancer (HR 0.77; 0.69–0.87, T3 vs T1), socioeconomic deprivation (HR 0.83; 0.74–0.93, most vs least deprived quintile), comorbidity (HR 0.92; 0.84–1.00, one vs no comorbidity) and open surgical procedure (HR 0.90; 0.84–0.97, open vs laparoscopic).ConclusionOverall, two‐thirds of ileostomies were reversed within 18 months. Reversal rates were linked to patient and cancer characteristics (age, sex, fitness and stage), mode of surgical access and socioeconomic deprivation. Observed lower reversal rates in patients from poorer backgrounds may indicate inequity in access.
The reliability of a single protocol to determine endothelial, microvascular and autonomic functions in adolescents
Authors: Bond Bert , Williams Craig A. , Barker Alan R. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryBackgroundImpairments in macrovascular, microvascular and autonomic function are present in asymptomatic youths with clustered cardiovascular disease risk factors. This study determines the within‐day reliability and between‐day reliability of a single protocol to non‐invasively assess these outcomes in adolescents.MethodsForty 12‐ to 15‐year‐old adolescents (20 boys) visited the laboratory in a fasted state on two occasions, approximately 1 week apart. One hour after a standardized cereal breakfast, macrovascular function was determined via flow‐mediated dilation (FMD). Heart rate variability (root mean square of successive R‐R intervals; RMSSD) was determined from the ECG‐gated ultrasound images acquired during the FMD protocol prior to cuff occlusion. Microvascular function was simultaneously quantified as the peak (PRH) and total (TRH) hyperaemic response to occlusion in the cutaneous circulation of the forearm via laser Doppler imaging. To address within‐day reliability, a subset of twenty adolescents (10 boys) repeated these measures 90 min afterwards on one occasion.ResultsThe within‐day typical error and between‐day typical error expressed as a coefficient of variation of these outcomes are as follows: ratio‐scaled FMD, 5·1% and 10·6%; allometrically scaled FMD, 4·4% and 9·4%; PRH, 11% and 13·3%; TRH, 29·9% and 23·1%; and RMSSD, 17·6% and 17·6%. The within‐ and between‐day test–retest correlation coefficients for these outcomes were all significant (r > 0·54 for all).ConclusionMacrovascular, microvascular and autonomic functions can be simultaneously and non‐invasively determined in adolescents using a single protocol with an appropriate degree of reproducibility. Determining these outcomes may provide greater understanding of the progression of cardiovascular disease and aid early intervention.
Integrating phylogeography and species distribution models: cryptic distributional responses to past climate change in an endemic rodent from the central Chile hotspot
Authors: Gutiérrez‐Tapia Pablo , Palma R. Eduardo 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAimBiodiversity losses under the species level may have been severely underestimated in future global climate change scenarios. Therefore, it is important to characterize the diversity units at this level, as well as to understand their ecological responses to climatic forcings. We have chosen an endemic rodent from a highly endangered ecogeographic area as a model to look for distributional responses below the species level: Phyllotis darwini.LocationThe central Chile biodiversity hotspot: This area harbours a high number of endemic species, and it is known to have experienced vegetational displacements between two mountain systems during and after the Last Glacial Maximum.MethodsWe have characterized cryptic lineages inside P. darwini in a classic phylogeographic approach; those intraspecific lineages were considered as relevant units to construct distribution models at Last Glacial Maximum and at present, as border climatic conditions. Differences in distribution between border conditions for each lineage were interpreted as distributional responses to post‐glacial climate change.ResultsThe species is composed of two major phylogroups: one of them has a broad distribution not only across the valley but also in mountain ranges, whereas the other displays a disjunct distribution across both mountain ranges and always above 1500 m. The lineage distribution model under LGM climatic conditions suggests that both lineages were codistributed in the southern portion of P. darwini's current geographic range, mainly at the valley and at the coast.Main conclusionsPresent distribution of lineages in P. darwini is the consequence of a cryptic distributional response to climate change after LGM: post‐glacial northward colonization, with strict altitudinal segregation of both phylogroups.
Using individual tracking data to validate the predictions of species distribution models
Authors: Pinto Cecilia , Thorburn James A. , Neat Francis , Wright Peter J. , Wright Serena , Scott Beth E. , Cornulier Thomas , Travis Justin M. J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAimEstimating environmental suitability from species distribution data is crucial in defining spatial conservation measures. To this end, species distribution models (SDMs) are commonly applied, but seldom validated by completely independent data. Here, we use data on individual tracks derived from electronic tags as an alternative means of validating SDM outputs.LocationWest coast of Scotland, NE Atlantic.MethodsWe used a binomial generalized additive model (GAM) to predict the environmental suitability for flapper skate (Dipturus cf. intermedia) in Scottish waters. The GAM modelled relative habitat usage as a function of environmental variables using presence–absence data obtained from scientific trawl surveys. Additional data obtained from electronic tags attached to six individual flapper skates were used to estimate individual tracks using a tidal‐based geolocation model. Concordance between individual tracks and GAM‐predicted maps of relative habitat usage (RHU) was tested by comparing predicted RHU between estimated tracks and randomly generated tracks.ResultsEnvironmental suitability for the flapper skate was driven by depth and distance from the coast in the SDM. We found high spatial concordance between the estimated tracks of the six tagged individuals and regions of high RHU predicted by the SDM.Main conclusionsIntegrating outputs from an independent data source allowed us to validate predictions from a species distribution model (SDM). The integration of individual‐ and population‐level data sources increases confidence in the outputs being used to define spatial conservation measures. The information on flapper skate distribution provided by this study provides a useful framework for considering spatial conservation measures for this species.
Inhibition of phosphorylated Ser473‐Akt from translocating into the nucleus contributes to 2‐cell arrest and defective zygotic genome activation in mouse preimplantation embryogenesis
Authors: Chen Junming , Lian Xiuli , Du Juan , Xu Songhua , Wei Jianen , Pang Lili , Song Chanchan , He Lin , Wang Shie 
Published: March 2016

Phosphorylated Ser473‐Akt (p‐Ser473‐Akt) is extensively studied as a correlate for the activity of Akt, which plays an important role in mouse oogenesis and preimplantation embryogenesis. However, little progress has been made about its effect on the mouse zygotic genome activation (ZGA) of 2‐cell stage in mouse preimplantation embryos. In this study, we confirmed its localization in the pronuclei of 1‐cell embryos and found that p‐Ser473‐Akt acquired prominent nucleus localization in 2‐cell embryos physiologically. Akt specific inhibitors API‐2 and MK2206 could inhibit the development of mouse preimplantation embryos in vitro, and induce 2‐cell arrest at certain concentrations. 2‐cell embryos exposed to 2.0 μmol/L API‐2 or 30 μmol/L MK2206 displayed attenuated immunofluorescence intensity of p‐Ser473‐Akt in the nucleus. Simultaneously, qRT‐PCR results revealed that 2.0 μmol/L API‐2 treatment significantly downregulated the mRNA pattern of MuERV‐L and eIF‐1A, two marker genes of ZGA, suggesting a defect in ZGA compared with that of control group. Collectively, our work demonstrated the nuclear localization of p‐Ser473‐Akt during major ZGA, and Akt specific inhibitors API‐2 and MK2206 which led to 2‐cell arrest inhibited p‐Ser473‐Akt from translocating into the nucleus of 2‐cell embryos with defective ZGA as well, implying p‐Ser473‐Akt may be a potential player in the major ZGA of 2‐cell mouse embryos.
Small bees overheat in sunlit flowers: do they make cooling flights?
Authors: CORBET SARAH A. , HUANG SHUANG‐QUAN 
Published: March 2016

1. Although thermoregulation by large bees in cool climates has been well studied, less is known about the very different thermoregulatory strategies of small bees, especially those subjected to heat stress.2. Studies were carried out on small (< 20 mg fresh weight), dark‐coloured, solitary bees (mostly halictids and hylaeine colletids) experiencing an extreme radiative heat load, enhanced by the high‐altitude location and by reflection of incident radiation by the high‐albedo petals of the flowers of Potentilla lancinata.3. When foraging in the flowers, such bees experienced peak operative temperatures exceeding 44 °C. In these conditions, males largely stopped foraging but females continued, usually limiting their flower visits to a few seconds and making frequent short flights. These flights would cool the bees down, because bees suspended in air were cooler than bees in sunlit flowers, and convective cooling during flight would further enhance the cooling effect of departure from the flower.4. As far as is known, cooling flights in small bees have not been proposed before, providing a new avenue for exploration of bee thermoregulatory strategies.