bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting the safe zone: A quality improvement project to reduce vascular access complications
Authors: Mignatti Andrea , Friedmann Patricia , Slovut David Paul 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a quality improvement (QI) program in reducing vascular complications during cardiac catheterization.BackgroundVascular access complications during cardiac catheterization are associated with higher morbidity and mortality. We implemented a QI program focused on using micropuncture techniques and targeting the “safe zone,” an area below the inferior border of the inferior epigastric artery and above the inferior border of the femoral head, for femoral artery puncture.MethodsOur catheterization laboratory implemented a protocol that required all operators to use micro puncture technique during diagnostic and/or percutaneous coronary interventions and to document arteriotomy in the “safe zone.” We also encouraged use of vascular ultrasound, radial artery approach, and increased use of vascular closure devices (VCDS). We analyzed data on 3120 patients (2013, pre‐QI cohort) and 3222 patients (2014, QI cohort). Data on vascular complications were prospectively collected and compared with the rate of complications that occurred during the same time one year prior when the QI project was not in effect.ResultsBaseline characteristics of two cohorts of patients were similar. Compliance with the protocol was excellent. Appropriate documentation of the wire exiting the needle was observed in 95% of cases. VCD use increased from 35% in 2013 to 60% in 2014 (P < 0.001) There were no significant differences in the overall number of complications after implementation of the QI project (1.03% complications before QI implementation and 0.96% after QI implementation. P = 0.79) but there was an absolute reduction in the number of hematomas (0.77 vs. 0.40% in 2013 vs. 2014, respectively, P = 0.06) and of pseudoaneurysms (0.35 vs. 0.19% P = 0.20). Correlates of major vascular complications included), age > 75 years (HR 3.1, P < 0.0001), and PCI (vs. diagnostic cath).ConclusionsMicropuncture technique in association with “safe zone targeting “did not significantly reduce vascular complications in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization, but a trend toward decrease of hematomas and pseudoaneurysms was noted. Factors such as age and type of procedure (PCI vs. diagnostic) play a significant role in the occurrence of vascular complications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A multicenter randomized trial comparing the effectiveness and safety of a novel vascular closure device to manual compression in anticoagulated patients undergoing percutaneous transfemoral procedures: The CELT ACD trial
Authors: Wong Shing Chiu , Laule Michael , Turi Zoltan , Sanad Wasiem , Crowley James , Degen Hubertus , Bennett Kathleen , Coleman Jim E. , Bergman Geoffrey 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesThis study compared the performance of Celt ACD®, a novel stainless steel based vascular closure device versus manual compression (MC) for femoral arteriotomy site hemostasis in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary procedures.BackgroundOptimal access site management after percutaneous transfemoral procedures remains controversial.MethodsPatients enrolled in this multicenter, randomized open label trial underwent 6‐F diagnostic or interventional procedures and were assigned 2:1 to Celt ACD® versus MC. All patients were on full anticoagulation. The primary efficacy end point was time to hemostasis (TTH) and the primary safety end points were 30‐day incidence of major procedural and access site related complications.ResultsThe trial allocated 207 patients to Celt ACD® (n = 148) versus MC (n = 59) at 5 investigational sites. Baseline characteristics of the two groups were similar. Median TTH was 0 (Interquartile range (IQR): 0, 0.33) in the Celt ACD® compared to 8 min (IQR: 0, 20; P < 0.0001) in the MC group. Procedural success was 99.3% in the Celt ACD® versus 98.1% in the MC group (P = NS). There was a single major adverse event due to device maldeployment and embolization with successful percutaneous retrieval. The 30‐day major complication rate was 0.7% in the Celt ACD® and 0% in the MC group (P = NS).ConclusionsAfter 6‐F percutaneous invasive procedures in fully anticoagulated patients, TTH was significantly reduced in patients assigned to Celt ACD® compared to patients managed with MC. The 30‐day rates of vascular complications were similarly low in both groups. (CELT ACD Trial; NCT01600482) © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Broad Spectral Response of Se‐Doped SnS Nanorods Synthesized through Electrodeposition
Authors: Jamali‐Sheini Farid , Niknia Farhad , Cheraghizade Mohsen , Yousefi Ramin , Mahmoudian Mohammad Reza 
Published: March 2017

AbstractUn‐ and Se‐doped nanostructured SnS thin films were synthesized (deposited) on FTO‐coated glass substrates using an electrodeposition method. A study of the crystallinity indicated an orthorhombic phase with a grain size of 54–75 nm. Morphological features of the films showed a well‐developed rod structure (less than 100 nm). Optical energy band gaps in the range of 1.26–1.46 eV were estimated for the deposited films. The effect of Se as a dopant on the determination of the optoelectronic and conductivity conversion from p‐ to n‐type nanostructured SnS thin films was investigated. In addition, an n‐type Se‐SnS film was obtained at lower concentrations of Se. This technique is suggested to control the electrical conductivity of deposited films to be applied in photoswitching‐based devices.
Luminescent Ni0 Diisocyanide Chelates as Analogues of CuI Diimine Complexes
Authors: Büldt Laura A. , Larsen Christopher B. , Wenger Oliver S. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe first two homoleptic Ni0 isocyanide complexes that exhibit photoluminescence from long‐lived excited states are presented. Electrochemical studies indicate that in one of the complexes significant geometrical distortion occurs upon metal oxidation. The observation of luminescence, even though currently restricted to low temperatures, is an important proof‐of‐concept in the search for earth‐abundant alternatives to photoactive complexes made from precious metals. The prospect of using Ni0 isocyanide complexes as luminophores, photoredox catalysts, or dyes in solar cells, is highly attractive.
Ring‐Expansion Reactions in the Synthesis of Macrocycles and Medium‐Sized Rings
Authors: Donald James R. , Unsworth William P. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFunctionalised macrocycles and medium‐sized rings have applications in a number of scientific fields, ranging from medicinal chemistry and supramolecular chemistry, to catalysis and nanotechnology. However, their value in these areas can be undermined by a simple, but important limitation: large ring systems are very often difficult to make. Traditional end‐to‐end cyclisation reactions of long linear precursors are typically unpredictable and impractical processes, mainly due to unfavourable enthalpic and entropic factors. Most published methods to make large rings focus on minimising the damage inflicted by performing the difficult cyclisation step; in contrast, ring‐expansion reactions enable it to be avoided altogether. In this Review article, it is highlighted how “growing” rings from existing cyclic systems via ring expansion can expedite the efficient, practical and scalable synthesis of macrocycles and medium‐sized rings.
A Planar Ti2P2 Core Assembled by Reductive Decarbonylation of −O−C≡P and P−P Radical Coupling
Authors: Grant Lauren N. , Pinter Balazs , Manor Brian C. , Suter Riccardo , Grützmacher Hansjörg , Mindiola Daniel J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe complex [(nacnac)Ti(OAr)]2(μ2:η2,η2‐P2) (1) is formed via reductive decarbonylation of the phosphaethynolate ion −[OCP], which serves as a P atom source. Complex 1 is the first structurally characterized Group 4 transition metal P2 complex and its structure reveals the rhombic Ti2P2 core is essentially planar with short bond lengths suggesting some degree of multiple bonding character between the Ti–P and P–P sites. Computational studies of 1 provide an understanding of the Ti2P2 core as well as the origin of the highly downfield 31P NMR spectroscopic signal.
Kinetic mechanism of conjugated linoleic acid esterification and production of enriched glycerides as functional oil
Authors: Yazdi Zahra Kouchak , Alemzadeh Iran 
Published: March 2017

AbstractExperimental determination of the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and glycerol on the rate of enzymatic transesterification were studied to propose suitable mechanistic steps and generate a kinetic model. CLA was suggested due to its purported health benefits and application in preparation of functional foods. CLA, glycerol, and sunflower oil blends with varying concentrations were reacted using a 1, 3‐specific immobilized lipase from Rhizomucor mehei. Scrutiny for mass transfer effects showed that esterification reaction was kinetically controlled. The reaction rate was determined, which showed that affinity of enzyme to CLA is lower than to glycerol. The transesterified lipids were analyzed by gas chromatography for composition of fatty acids and were evaluated for the free fatty acids (FFA). The esterification reaction kinetic follows the Ping Pong Bi Bi mechanism with competitive full (dead end) inhibition by acyl acceptors characterized by the Vmax, KmCOOH, KmG, and KIG values of 0.328 (mol/L/h), 0.342 (mol/L), 0.04526 (mol/L), and 0.329 (mol/L), respectively. Kinetic model study results indicated how FFAs (CLA and other FFAs) and triacylglycerols (sunflower molecules) can participate as the first substrate in the reaction to produce enriched triacylglycerols as the functional oil.
Cognitive and metacognitive predictors of symptom improvement following treatment for social anxiety disorder: A secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nordahl Henrik , Nordahl Hans M. , Hjemdal Odin , Wells Adrian 
Published: March 2017

Cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder (SAD) based on the Clark and Wells model emphasizes negative beliefs about the social self and self‐consciousness as central causal factors. However, Wells' metacognitive model proposes that metacognitive beliefs are central to pathology universally. The relative importance of cognitive and metacognitive beliefs in the treatment of SAD is therefore an important research question. This study examined change in negative cognitive and negative metacognitive beliefs as independent correlates of symptom improvement in 46 SAD patients undergoing evidence‐based treatments. Both types of beliefs decreased during treatment. However, change in metacognitive belief was the only consistent independent predictor across all outcomes and change in cognitive beliefs did not significantly predict outcomes when change in self‐consciousness was controlled. The implication of this finding is that metacognitive change might be more important than cognitive belief change in symptom outcome and recovery in SAD.Key Practitioner Message

Cognitive and metacognitive beliefs decreased during treatment of SAD.
Change in self‐consciousness predicted symptom improvement.
Change in metacognition predicted symptom improvement over change in cognition.
Change in metacognition was a more reliable predictor than change in cognition.
Artificial Photosynthesis of Alcohols by Multi‐Functionalized Semiconductor Photocathodes
Authors: Zhang Yuqian , Han Bo , Xu Yanjie , Zhao Dongning , Jia Yongjian , Nie Rong , Zhu Zhouhe , Chen Fengjuan , Wang Jianguo , Jing Huanwang 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNovel artificial photosynthesis systems are devised as cells of dye/Pd/NR‐MOx (M=Ti, Zn)∥CoPi/W:BiVO4 that convert efficiently CO2 to alcohols. The photocathodes are aminofunctionalized, palladium‐deposited, and in situ sensitized nano‐TiO2 or ZnO/FTO (FTO: fluorine‐doped tin oxide) electrodes that are characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), TEM, XRD, UV/Vis spectra, and evaluated by electrochemical techniques. The cell of dye/Pd/S‐TiO2∥CoPi/W:BiVO4 uniquely generates ethanol under irradiation of 200 mW cm−2, reaching 0.56 % quantum efficiency (QE) at −0.56 V and 0.13 % QE without external electron supply. The cell of dye/Pd/ N‐ZnO∥CoPi/W:BiVO4 produces solely methanol at a rate of 42.8 μm h−1 cm−2 at −0.56 V of a Si solar cell, which is far less than the electrochemical voltage of water splitting (1.23 V). Its QE reaches to 0.38 %, which is equal to plants. The isotopic labeling experiments confirm the carbon source and oxygen releasing. The selectivity for alcohols of multi‐functionalized semiconductors is discussed.
Functional diversity response to hardwood forest management varies across taxa and spatial scales
Authors: Murray Bryan D. , Holland Jeffrey D. , Summerville Keith S. , Dunning John B. , Saunders Michael R. , Jenkins Michael A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractContemporary forest management offers a trade‐off between the potential positive effects of habitat heterogeneity on biodiversity, and the potential harm to mature forest communities caused by habitat loss and perforation of the forest canopy. While the response of taxonomic diversity to forest management has received a great deal of scrutiny, the response of functional diversity is largely unexplored. However, functional diversity may represent a more direct link between biodiversity and ecosystem function. To examine how forest management affects diversity at multiple spatial scales, we analyzed a long‐term data set that captured changes in taxonomic and functional diversity of moths (Lepidoptera), longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), and breeding birds in response to contemporary silvicultural systems in oak–hickory hardwood forests. We used these data sets to address the following questions: how do even‐ and uneven‐aged silvicultural systems affect taxonomic and functional diversity at the scale of managed landscapes compared to the individual harvested and unharvested forest patches that comprise the landscapes, and how do these silvicultural systems affect the functional similarity of assemblages at the scale of managed landscapes and patches? Due to increased heterogeneity within landscapes, we expected even‐aged silviculture to increase and uneven‐aged silviculture to decrease functional diversity at the landscape level regardless of impacts at the patch level. Functional diversity responses were taxon‐specific with respect to the direction of change and time since harvest. Responses were also consistent across patch and landscape levels within each taxon. Moth assemblage species richness, functional richness, and functional divergence were negatively affected by harvesting, with stronger effects resulting from uneven‐aged than even‐aged management. Longhorned beetle assemblages exhibited a peak in species richness two years after harvesting, while functional diversity metrics did not differ between harvested and unharvested patches and managed landscapes. The species and functional richness of breeding bird assemblages increased in response to harvesting with more persistent effects in uneven‐ than in even‐aged managed landscapes. For moth and bird assemblages, species turnover was driven by species with more extreme trait combinations. Our study highlights the variability of multi‐taxon functional diversity in response to forest management across multiple spatial scales.
Acoustic telemetry and fisheries management
Authors: Crossin Glenn T. , Heupel Michelle R. , Holbrook Christopher M. , Hussey Nigel E. , Lowerre‐Barbieri Susan K. , Nguyen Vivian M. , Raby Graham D. , Cooke Steven J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper reviews the use of acoustic telemetry as a tool for addressing issues in fisheries management, and serves as the lead to the special Feature Issue of Ecological Applications titledAcoustic Telemetry and Fisheries Management. Specifically, we provide an overview of the ways in which acoustic telemetry can be used to inform issues central to the ecology, conservation, and management of exploited and/or imperiled fish species. Despite great strides in this area in recent years, there are comparatively few examples where data have been applied directly to influence fisheries management and policy. We review the literature on this issue, identify the strengths and weaknesses of work done to date, and highlight knowledge gaps and difficulties in applying empirical fish telemetry studies to fisheries policy and practice. We then highlight the key areas of management and policy addressed, as well as the challenges that needed to be overcome to do this. We conclude with a set of recommendations about how researchers can, in consultation with stock assessment scientists and managers, formulate testable scientific questions to address and design future studies to generate data that can be used in a meaningful way by fisheries management and conservation practitioners. We also urge the involvement of relevant stakeholders (managers, fishers, conservation societies, etc.) early on in the process (i.e., in the co‐creation of research projects), so that all priority questions and issues can be addressed effectively.
Population genomics meet Lagrangian simulations: Oceanographic patterns and long larval duration ensure connectivity among Paracentrotus lividus populations in the Adriatic and Ionian seas
Authors: Paterno Marta , Schiavina Marcello , Aglieri Giorgio , Ben Souissi Jamila , Boscari Elisa , Casagrandi Renato , Chassanite Aurore , Chiantore Mariachiara , Congiu Leonardo , Guarnieri Giuseppe , Kruschel Claudia , Macic Vesna , Marino Ilaria A. M. , Papetti Chiara , Patarnello Tomaso , Zane Lorenzo , Melià Paco 
Published: March 2017

AbstractConnectivity between populations influences both their dynamics and the genetic structuring of species. In this study, we explored connectivity patterns of a marine species with long‐distance dispersal, the edible common sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus, focusing mainly on the Adriatic–Ionian basins (Central Mediterranean). We applied a multidisciplinary approach integrating population genomics, based on 1,122 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) obtained from 2b‐RAD in 275 samples, with Lagrangian simulations performed with a biophysical model of larval dispersal. We detected genetic homogeneity among eight population samples collected in the focal Adriatic–Ionian area, whereas weak but significant differentiation was found with respect to two samples from the Western Mediterranean (France and Tunisia). This result was not affected by the few putative outlier loci identified in our dataset. Lagrangian simulations found a significant potential for larval exchange among the eight Adriatic–Ionian locations, supporting the hypothesis of connectivity of P. lividus populations in this area. A peculiar pattern emerged from the comparison of our results with those obtained from published P. lividus cytochrome b (cytb) sequences, the latter revealing genetic differentiation in the same geographic area despite a smaller sample size and a lower power to detect differences. The comparison with studies conducted using nuclear markers on other species with similar pelagic larval durations in the same Adriatic–Ionian locations indicates species‐specific differences in genetic connectivity patterns and warns against generalizing single‐species results to the entire community of rocky shore habitats.
Ecohydrological controls on plant diversity in tropical South America
Authors: Bonetti Sara , Feng Xue , Porporato Amilcare 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPlant species distribution is dominated by abundance and fluctuations of the available resources. Although diversity patterns along rainfall, latitudinal, and altitudinal gradients have been thoroughly examined, the role of hydrological processes in sustaining the resource availability critical to species richness is still poorly understood. Adopting soil moisture as a main limiting factor driving plant diversity in the tropics besides elevation, we propose a minimalist species richness model based on stochastic soil water balance and information theory. This work provides a novel approach to plant diversity modeling through a quantitative representation of the soil water balance, demonstrating the role of different modes of soil moisture temporal variability in the creation of ecohydrological niches. Using a single calibration parameter, the model captures the observed biodiversity patterns in tropical South America, effectively synthesizing the impacts of energy and water balances on species richness. We show that soil water abundance and variability are the strongest predictors of plant diversity in tropical South America besides elevation, with latitude and seasonal variation in potential evapotranspiration having a secondary effect. Excluding soil moisture abundance, seasonal and intraseasonal variability reduces model accuracy by 50, 48, and 64%. The importance of atmospheric humidity as an additional plant water resource creating niches for canopy species is also highlighted. Our results suggest that accounting not only for water abundance but also its variability is key to predicting biodiversity trends under future rainfall regimes.
TranslatiOnal Registry for CardiomyopatHies (TORCH) – rationale and first results
Authors: Seyler Claudia , Meder Benjamin , Weis Tanja , Schwaneberg Thea , Weitmann Kerstin , Hoffmann Wolfgang , Katus Hugo A. , Dösch Andreas 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAimsNon‐ischemic cardiomyopathies (CMPs) comprise heart muscle disorders of different causes with high variability in disease phenotypes and clinical progression. The lack of national structures for the efficient recruitment, clinical and molecular classification, and follow‐up of patients with non‐ischemic CMPs limit the thorough analysis of disease mechanisms and the evaluation of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This paper describes a national, prospective, multicenter registry for patients with non‐ischemic CMPs. The main objective of this registry is to create a central hub for clinical outcome studies, a joint resource for diagnostic and therapeutic trials, a common biomaterial bank, and a resource for detailed molecular analyses utilizing patients' biomaterials.Methods and resultsA comprehensive characterization of the register population and patients' subgroups is planned. First analyses will include descriptive methods evaluating the distribution of outcome variables and possible risk factors followed by test statistics in a cross‐sectional design. The aim of the current study is to recruit 2300 patients all over Germany. Eligible participants are patients with primary non‐ischemic cardiomyopathies, including hereditary and inflammatory dilated CMP (DCM), left‐ventricular noncompaction CMP (LVNC), hypertrophic CMP (HCM), arrhythmogenic right‐ventricular CMP (ARVC), myocarditis, and amyloidosis. Of already recruited patients 70% are male and 30% female. With 56% of patients included, DCM is most common.Conclusion/OutcomeThe primary outcome is all‐cause death. Key secondary endpoints are cardiovascular death, adequate ICD shock, survived sudden cardiac death, syncope, documented potentially life‐threatening arrhythmia, cardiac transplantation, hospitalization due to worsening of heart failure (HF), and any non‐elective cardiovascular hospitalization.