bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐Electrode, Nylon‐Fiber‐Enhanced Polytetrafluoroethylene Electret Film with Hollow Cylinder Structure for Mechanical Energy Harvesting
Authors: Zhu Jianxiong , Ma Feng , Zhu Hua 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA single‐electrode nylon fiber‐incorporated polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) electret flexible film with hollow cylinder structure is developed for enhanced mechanical energy harvesting. The power is generated by the nylon fiber/PTFE electret film via bending deformations that result in charges transferring between the conductive carbon black silicone rubber (CBS) electrode and ground. The results demonstrate that the nylon fiber/PTFE electret film results in enhanced open‐circuit voltage, Voc, (about 0.45 times more) compared to a pure PTFE based on the hollow cylinder structure. With the step‐increased distance of travelling for the reported hollow cylinder structure device, more power is generated by this mechanical‐electrical energy conversion because of a greater deformation compression onto the nylon fiber/PTFE electret film. The peak of the generated short‐circuit current, ISC, and Voc based on the nylon fiber/PTFE electret film with 1 m s−2 are up to 0.35 μA and 72 V, respectively. It is also possible to light an 8 light‐emitting diode (LED) setup by finger tapping, demonstrating the good mechanical energy conversion performance of the nylon fiber/PTFE electret film. Moreover, a quick voltage response of the nylon fiber/PTFE electret film is demonstrated in several different ultrasonic environments (such as 70 kHz and 30 kHz).
3D modelling of brittle fracture using a joint all‐atom and phase‐field approach
Authors: Padilla C. A. Hernandez , Patil S. P. , Heider Y. , Markert B. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe following research contribution addresses the topic of fracture in highly brittle materials considering a combined computational approach, which includes physically‐motivated molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and multi‐dimensional phase‐field modelling (PFM). This novel approach provides an efficient and accurate insight into multi‐scale fracture modelling. In particular, MD simulations are performed to predict crack propagation on the nano‐scale, which helps to determine material and other model parameters required for the PFM continuum approach. In this connection, this contribution introduces and discusses a 3D PFM of mode‐I fracture using the parameters that are based on the comparison between 2D PFM solutions and MD simulations, introduced in previous works of the authors [1].
Micro‐macro modelling of steel solidification: A continuum mechanical, bi‐phasic, two‐scale model including thermal driven phase transition
Authors: Moj Lukas , Foppe Manuel , Deike Rüdiger , Ricken Tim 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis paper addresses a continuum‐mechanical, bi‐phasic, two‐scale numerical model for casting and processing of metallic alloys. The solid and liquid physical states, which represents the solid and molten alloy, are formulated in the framework of the theory of porous media (TPM) including thermal coupling, finite plasticity superimposed by a secondary power creep law and visco‐elasticity associated by Darcy's permeability for the solid and the liquid phase, respectively. In view of phase transition during solidification, a two‐scale approach considering the phase‐field on the micro‐scale is proposed, where a double‐well potential with two local minima for completely solid and liquid physical states is utilized. The finite element method based on the standard Gallerkin element formulation and the finite difference method was employed for the macro‐scale and the micro‐scale, respectively. Finally, the performance of the discussed model is demonstrated by the recalculation and validation of a solidification experiment.
Bone Mineral Density and Its Serial Changes Are Associated With PTH Levels in Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type 1B Patients
Authors: Chu Xueying , Zhu Yan , Wang Ou , Nie Min , Quan Tingting , Xue Yu , Wang Wenbo , Jiang Yan , Li Mei , Xia Weibo , Xing Xiaoping 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT

Bone responsiveness to serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) in pseudohypoparathyroidism 1B (PHP1B) is controversial. Forty-eight PHP1B patients diagnosed by molecular analysis were recruited from 2000 to 2016 from the Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Fifty-five sex-matched nonsurgical hypoparathyroidism (NS-HP) patients were selected and included for comparison. Basic information, laboratory test, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) results were collected. Linear regression was performed to identify independent predictors of lumbar spine (LS), femoral neck (FN), and total hip (TH) bone mineral density (BMD) Z-scores in PHP1B patients. BMD and related markers were compared between PHP and NS-HP patients. Longitudinal observation of 10 PHP1B patients was performed. The BMD Z-score for the LS (1.14 ± 1.41) was higher than that for the FN (–0.20 ± 1.00, p &lt; 0.001) and the TH (0.03 ± 1.06, p &lt; 0.001) in PHP1B patients. Despite lower serum calcium levels in untreated patients (1.72 mmol/L in untreated patients versus 2.14 mmol/L in treated patients, p = 0.024), the PTH levels as well as BMD Z-scores were comparable between treated and untreated patients at baseline. PTH was a negative predictor for LS-BMD Z-score (B = –0.004, p = 0.028) for sporadic PHP1B patients, and a similar result was obtained for all the PHP1B patients (B = –0.002, p = 0.053). Z-scores for FN- and LS-BMDs after treatment increased by 0.31 ± 0.10 and 0.58 ± 0.12, respectively, where the increase in LS-BMD correlated with a decrease in PTH (r = –0.72, p = 0.044). All BMD Z-scores were significantly lower in PHP1B patients than in IHP patients for the FN, LS, and TH (–0.20 ± 1.00 versus 1.57 ± 1.07, 1.14 ± 1.41 versus 1.96 ± 1.32, 0.03 ± 1.06 versus 1.67 ± 1.01, respectively, all p &lt; 0.05). Skeletal tissue in PHP1B patients responds to PTH, where heterogenous sensitivities to PTH may exist in different regions of bone. Therefore, it is reasonable to normalize PTH levels when treating PHP1B to avoid negative effects of PTH on bone. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Suspected hydroxychloroquine‐induced thrombotic thrombocytopaenic purpura
Authors: Fromm Lisa M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundThrombotic thrombocytopaenic purpura (TTP) is a rare illness characterised by haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopaenia and microvascular thrombosis with a 90% mortality rate if left untreated. It is a known adverse reaction to quinine; hydroxychloroquine, as a synthetic derivative of this parent compound, may also put patients at risk of this complication. However, reports of hydroxychloroquine‐induced TTP are extremely rare in the literature.AimThis report describes a potential association between consumption of hydroxychloroquine and the development of TTP.Clinical detailsA 64‐year‐old woman presented with confusion, ataxia, fevers and chills, poor urine output and muscle weakness after receiving three doses of hydroxychloroquine for rheumatoid arthritis. Initial investigations were consistent with haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopaenia and renal and neurological deterioration.Management and outcomeThe patient's usual medications were withheld, intravenous corticosteroids were started and total plasma exchange began on day three of her admission. She remained febrile without a source of sepsis, her platelet count and haemoglobin level recovered only slightly and her brain computed tomography showed microvascular ischaemia. Poor prognosis and likely significant long‐term neurological disability led to active treatment being withdrawn on day 15 of her admission and she died the following day.ConclusionThis reaction appears similar to the presentation of quinine‐associated TTP and could evolve via a similar mechanism given the structural similarities of these molecules. This case report, sparse reports of hydroxychloroquine‐induced thrombocytopaenia and only one published case report of TTP secondary to this drug highlight a possible association between TTP and hydroxychloroquine.
When consumers penalize not so green products
Authors: Lee Jeonggyu , Bhatt Siddharth , Suri Rajneesh 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTo cash in on consumers’ willingness to pay higher prices for green products, several companies are promoting conventional products as green by highlighting a few green attributes. Through a theoretical lens, the authors investigate how consumers perceive such attempts. This research illustrates that not so green products make consumers sensitive to the monetary sacrifice associated with the purchase of such products. The current research shows that consumers have a negative attitude toward such products and they become concerned about the ethicality of the company when they encounter such products. Both implicit and explicit measures suggest that consumers notice the company's motive behind such practices which, in turn, impacts their price perceptions.
The role of actual, ideal, and ought self‐congruence in the consumption of hedonic versus utilitarian brands
Authors: Huber Frank , Eisele Anita , Meyer Frederik 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTo emotionally attach consumers to a brand and inspire brand loyalty, marketers often target the brand personality towards the consumer's actual or ideal self. The self is not limited to its actual and ideal dimension, however, and motivation to approach a desired self may vary depending on the consumer's personality. Thus, the current research is the first to link self‐congruence to self‐discrepancy theory by incorporating the ought self into the self‐congruence framework and taking into account self‐discrepancies as potential moderators of the self‐congruence effect. Additionally, hedonic brand nature is discussed as important condition for self‐congruence and self‐discrepancies exhibiting their fullest effect. The conducted study focuses on how actual, ideal, and ought self‐congruence influence emotional brand attachment and consequently brand loyalty. For brands of primary hedonic nature, findings confirm actual and ideal self‐congruence as drivers of emotional brand attachment, which in turn increases brand loyalty, while ought self‐congruence influences brand loyalty directly. Moreover, self‐discrepancies moderate the described relations, albeit their effect is contrary to theory‐based expectations. From these findings, the authors derive important implications for business practice and future research.
Greater Reward‐Related Neuronal Response to Hedonic Foods in Women Compared with Men
Authors: Legget Kristina T. , Cornier Marc‐Andre , Bessesen Daniel H. , Mohl Brianne , Thomas Elizabeth A. , Tregellas Jason R. 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveThe current study aimed to identify how sex influences neurobiological responses to food cues, particularly those related to hedonic eating, and how this relates to obesity propensity, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).MethodsAdult men and women who were either obesity resistant (OR) or obesity prone (OP) underwent fMRI while viewing visual food cues (hedonic foods, neutral foods, and nonfood objects) in both fasted and fed states.ResultsWhen fasted, a significant sex effect on the response to hedonic vs. neutral foods was observed, with greater responses in women than men in the nucleus accumbens (P = 0.0002) and insula (P = 0.010). Sex‐based differences were not observed in the fed state. No significant group effects (OP vs. OR) or group‐by‐sex interactions were observed in fasted or fed states.ConclusionsGreater fasted responses to hedonic food cues in reward‐related brain regions were observed in women compared with men, suggesting that women may be more sensitive to the reward value of hedonic foods than men when fasted. This may indicate sex‐dependent neurophysiology underlying eating behaviors.
Adsorption Effect of Five‐Membered and Six‐Membered Alicyclic Amine‐Derived Mannich Bases on Mild Steel Surface in 1.0 M HCl
Authors: Nesaian Ugin Inbaraj , Prabhu Ganesan Venkatesa 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTwo new Mannich bases N‐(3‐(benzo[d][1, 3]dioxol‐5‐yl(pyrrolidin‐1‐yl)methyl)‐4‐hydroxyphenyl)acetamide (I1) and N‐(3‐(benzo[d][1, 3]dioxol‐5‐yl(morpholino)methyl)‐4‐hydroxyphenyl) acetamide (I2) are synthesised and evaluated their corrosion inhibition behaviour through weight loss measurements, electrochemical, quantum chemical and surface analytical studies. Tafel studies revealed that the inhibitors are found to be mixed type. EIS studies confirmed that corrosion process is controlled through charge transfer process. The adsorption of inhibitors I1 and I2 follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm and ΔGads values suggest that both physorption and chemisorption are possible. Surface studies show that in the presence of inhibitors, smoother surface is obtained compared to blank. I1 has higher inhibition efficiency (50 μM −98%) than I2 (50 μM −94%) which is correlated with the theoretical studies.
Composite Polymer Colloids for SERS‐Based Applications
Authors: Strozyk Malte S. , Jimenez de Aberasturi Dorleta , Liz‐Marzán Luis M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPolymers and nanoparticles can be combined into different materials with applications in various fields like catalysis, biotechnology, or drug delivery, to cite just a few. Colloidal composites may vary significantly, ranging from a single nanoparticle stabilized by a polymer shell through a polymeric carrier decorated with hundreds of particles. We review here composite colloids comprising gold nanoparticles, with an emphasis in systems with potential application in surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The focus is on selected strategies for synthesis and functionalization, such as: encapsulation of gold nanoparticles by amphiphilic polymers, polymeric matrices as nanoparticle carriers and smart polymer based composites. We stress the benefits derived from the combination of polymers and metal particles toward SERS, such as chemical and colloidal stabilization in complex environments, and collective optical effects through hot spot generation for optimized SERS enhancement or improved imaging tags.
Academic Praise in Conferences: A Key for Motivating Struggling Writers
Authors: Hale Elizabeth 
Published: December 2017

AbstractConferences provide teachers a valuable context for giving both positive and constructive feedback that is tailored to individual students. Students who struggle with writing, however, are less apt to receive positive feedback on the craft of their writing, which is an important part of literacy development in the elementary and middle grades. Although effort praise is important for all students, this article describes why academic praise in writing conferences is not only possible but essential for all students, especially struggling writers, to receive. By redefining academic ability to focus on capability rather than grade‐level standards, teachers can notice small strengths embedded in students' basic writing. The author uses student writing to demonstrate how naming and then describing the value of smaller craft skills can translate into powerful, authentic academic praise for all students.
A new method for the deflection analysis of composite beams with periodically varying interfaces
Authors: Li Botong , Liu Chein‐Shan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFor the deflection analysis of the composite beams with periodically varying interfaces and under different boundary conditions we develop new iterative methods by using integral equations through a weak‐form formulation, and using the sinusoidal functions as both the test functions and the bases of numerical solutions. Due to the orthogonality of sinusoidal functions and the use of the Drazin inversion formula, the closed‐form solutions of coefficients can be found out. As a consequence, the present iterative schemes demonstrate their quick convergence, which are useful tools to analyze the deflections for three popularly used composite beams.
Equilibrium state of the internal crack in the infinite elastic wedge with thin coating
Authors: Sobol Boris Vladimirovich , Soloviev Arcady Nicolaevich , Rashidova Elena Victorovna , Vasiliev Pavel Vladimirovich 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe studied the stress concentration in the neighborhood of the vertices of the internal crack located on the bisector of an infinite elastic wedge. Normal forces are applied to the edges of the crack. The edges of the wedge are supported by a thin flexible covering, free from stresses from the outside. The effect of the coating on the stress‐strain state of the wedge is modeled by a special boundary condition. The correctness of which is confirmed by numerical simulations. The integral Mellin transform made it possible to reduce the problem to the solution of a singular integral equation of the first kind with a Cauchy kernel with respect to the derivative of the crack opening function. Solutions of the integral equation are constructed by the collocation method for various combinations of geometric and physical parameters of the problem.
Correction to: Strategic crossing of biomass and harvest index—source and sink—achieves genetic gains in wheat
Authors: Reynolds Matthew P. , Pask Alistair J. D. , Hoppitt William J. E. , Sonder Kai , Sukumaran Sivakumar , Molero Gemma , Pierre Carolina Saint , Payne Thomas , Singh Ravi P. , Braun Hans J. , Gonzalez Fernanda G. , Terrile Ignacio I. , Barma Naresh C. D. , Hakim Abdul , He Zhonghu , Fan Zheru , Novoselovic Dario , Maghraby Maher , Gad Khaled I. M. , Galal ElHusseiny G. , Hagras Adel , Mohamed Mohamed M. , Morad Abdul Fatah A. , Kumar Uttam , Singh Gyanendra P. , Naik Rudra , Kalappanavar Ishwar K. , Biradar Suma , Sai Prasad Sakuru V. , Chatrath Ravish , Sharma Indu , Panchabhai Kishor , Sohu Virinder S. , Mavi Gurvinder S. , Mishra Vinod K. , Balasubramaniam Arun , Jalal-Kamali Mohammad R. , Khodarahmi Manoochehr , Dastfal Manoochehr , Tabib-Ghaffari Seyed M. , Jafarby Jabbar , Nikzad Ahmad R. , Moghaddam Hossein Akbari , Ghojogh Hassan , Mehraban Asghar , Solís-Moya Ernesto , Camacho-Casas Miguel A. , Figueroa-López Pedro , Ireta-Moreno Javier , Alvarado-Padilla Jorge I. , Borbón-Gracia Alberto , Torres Araceli , Quiche Yei Nayeli , Upadhyay Shesh R. , Pandey Deepak , Imtiaz Muhammad , Rehman Monsif U. , Hussain Manzoor , Hussain Makhdoom , Ud-Din Riaz , Qamar Maqsood , Sohail Muhammad , Mujahid Muhammad Y. , Ahmad Gulzar , Khan Abdul J. , Sial Mahboob A. , Mustatea Pompiliu , von Well Eben , Ncala Moses , de Groot Stephan , Hussein Abdelraheem H. A. , Tahir Izzat S. A. , Idris Amani A. M. , Elamein Hala M. M. , Manes Yann , Joshi Arun K. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe original article was corrected. Author Muhammad Kundi should instead read: Muhammad Sohail.
ON PARITY AND THE INTUITION OF NEUTRALITY
Authors: Qizilbash Mozaffar 
Published: December 2017

Abstract:On parity views of mere addition if someone (or a group of people) is added to the world at a range of well-being levels – or ‘neutral range’ – leaving existing people unaffected, addition is on a par with the initial situation. Two distinct parity views – ‘rough equality’ and fitting-attitudes views – defend the ‘intuition of neutrality’. The first can be interpreted or adjusted so that it can rebut John Broome's objection that the neutral range is wide. The two views respond in distinct ways to two of Broome's other objections. Both views can, nonetheless, be plausibly defended against these objections.
Caribbean Collections in European Museums and the Question of Returns
Authors: Françozo Mariana , Strecker Amy 
Published: December 2017

Abstract:Since 2014, when the Caribbean Community officially launched its claim against former European colonial powers for reparations for slavery and native genocide, there has been a renewed interest in the question of cultural reparations and, more specifically, Caribbean cultural objects located in European museums. Yet information about such material remains scarce; there have been no formal claims for returns, and the legal status of Caribbean collections in European museums is anything but clear. This article aims to address these issues. First, we sketch the profile of Caribbean archaeological collections located in European museums to shed light on their nature and provenance. On this basis, we then move on to analyzing the legal status of such collections in light of international law, before discussing the broader political and ethical framework of returns and the role of cultural cooperation in reparatory justice for the Caribbean more generally.
Hydrodynamic modelling of Port Foster, Deception Island, Antarctica
Authors: Figueiredo Daniel , Dos Santos Aires , Mateus Marcos , Pinto Ligia 
Published: December 2017

AbstractOver the last decade, the Antarctic continent has been the object of intensive scientific programmes. However, the emphasis of these studies rarely focuses on the Antarctic as a source of potential elements such as mercury. The release of mercury to the environment is known to occur at Deception Island, associated with volcanic activity. In this study, a 3D hydrodynamic model was used to assess the role of water circulation on the dispersion of released mercury. Sea level variation and tidal circulation data were obtained. Residence time was calculated using two different approaches. Internal tide generation in summer and winter were recognized and the barotropic tidal components obtained. Lagrangian tracers were used to depict particle circulation (simulating particulate mercury) in a three month summer simulation for barotropic and baroclinic conditions. The results show that particles accumulate in the northern and western parts of the bay. It is acknowledged that the results of the 3D model are associated with a non-negligible uncertainty, which can only be reduced with an ongoing commitment to monitoring. The findings of this study indicate that mercury accumulation is occurring in Port Foster (Deception Island), which is a potential threat to the local ecosystem.
Variation of seed dormancy and longevity in Raphanus raphanistrum L.
Authors: Tricault Yann , Matejicek Annick , Darmency Henri 
Published: December 2017

AbstractRaphanus raphanistrum (wild radish) is a highly competitive weed in winter crops. Integrated weed management practices and decision-making tools benefit from the ability to predict seed longevity and dormancy status in the soil seed bank, as well as time and density of emergence in the field. We wondered if unique values taken from databases could serve for modelling purposes, whatever the origins of the weed populations. We investigated dormancy and longevity of fruits buried in the soil over a four-year seed burial experiment of two highly contrasted populations that differ by their biogeographical origin (oceanic versus continental climate), their habitat (arable field versus undisturbed) and their fruit size (thick versus thin fruit wall). High viability persisted over two years, followed by a rapid reduction, especially for the ‘continental-undisturbed-thin’ population. Dormancy cycling, with dormancy at its lowest in October, was observed for the ‘oceanic-arable-thick’ population, whilst a slow decrease without clear seasonal pattern was found for the other population. These results indicate different ways of regulating seed persistence in the soil, which might be taken into account when building demographic models. These differences could be due to interactions between fruit wall thickness and the other factors; it is possible that a thicker fruit wall increases longevity by promoting dormancy by physical restriction, but depending on temperature. Thinner fruit walls would make plants display other adaptive strategies to maximize survival time in the soil seed bank. Studies involving more populations and isogenic material are needed to address this specific question.