bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life between two groups of psychiatric patients in Baghdad, Iraq
Authors: Abdullah H. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesTo assess and compare the subjective rating of quality of life (QOL) in psychiatric patients who attended two psychiatric outpatient clinics in Baghdad city [Al-Rashad psychiatric teaching hospital and Baghdad teaching hospital]. In addition, it also aims at studying the effect of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics on the patients’ life qualities.MethodA sample of one hundred patients divided equally into two groups (fifty patient) from each hospital were interviewed and diagnosed in accordance with the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, for the period (from the 1st of March to the 1st of September 2011). The Arabic modified version of WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire (modified by WHO) was applied on each patient.ResultsData gathered from completed hundred forms showed that 50% of patients from Baghdad teaching hospital responded and scored (fair, acceptable) to describe their satisfaction in overall QOL, while (38%) of patients from Al-Rashad teaching mental hospital scored (bad) and (16%) scored (very bad). There was no significant difference in the four domains of QOL between the two studied groups. The findings were discussed accordingly.ConclusionsThis study showed that although the overall satisfaction of the patients’ life quality was higher in patients from Baghdad teaching hospital than those of Al-Rashad teaching mental hospital, a non-significant difference in the four domains between the two hospitals was found. The socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were not significantly correlated to the QOL domains except for the educational level, which was significantly correlated, with the physical health domain in patients from Al-Rashad teaching mental hospital.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Death in the work of Jorge Amado: The function of art in education for death
Authors: Färber S. , Färber M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionReview the work of Jorge Amado in the thanatological hermeneutics makes it come to be apparent the role of art in shaping the popular imagination and its educational purpose, which art cannot do without.ObjectiveThe purpose of this research is to present that, Jorge Amado using various methods causes a semiotic and polysemic reading of life and a hermeneutics review of death, making his literary art an instrument of education for death.MethodsUsing the transversal method of bibliography review of the author's work.ResultsWe noted that in the anthropology of Jorge Amado, death might be the exercise of power, as those legitimated by a theology casuistry, in “Violent Land”. However, death can be an element of transformation of the state of life and overcoming the limits of the roles that society has agreed to be played by its subject, paradigm of this counterculture is Livia, widow of Guma in “Sea of Death”. In “The Double Death of Quincas Water-Bray” dead and death inset in starring roles, provoking a psychological reflection about death as a complex dimension, able to have their own intentions and itinerary and, assigning the dead freedom and responsibility for his death and die, the author will say: “Everyone take care of your own funeral.”ConclusionDeath has the function of unveiling character and affections, and balance all forces presents in the society, and the art is the instrument to that reflection reach the community.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Political and religious violence: What psychiatry can bring to Middle East?
Authors: Gandus F.D. 
Published: June 2017

Middle East is one of the most violent regions of the world. This phenomenon is most often due to the fact that religious problematic and political challenges are immediately mixed in places where, moreover, the states don’t assume their role as expected about structuring their societies, supporting freedom and respect for the individual rights and life-projects of their citizens. This complex configuration makes a lot of populations in Middle East develop discreet but serious mental problems such as schizophrenia with paranoia-tendencies or loss of rationality among other possibilities. The aim of this lecture (if still possible) or poster (if the program of speeches is already closed) is to demonstrate what psychiatry (such as elaborated in the west) could bring to Middle East, as well as the difficulties this discipline will have to face to gain respect and interest over there. A focus will be made about an example of “loss of rationality” and how it leads to a projection of violence against animals and its specific meaning in the context of a conflict.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Quixotic delirium, around the fourth centenary of the publication of the second part of Don Quixote de la Mancha: About a case
Authors: Santillan G. Hernandez , Bedia I. Mirapeix 
Published: June 2017

Psychosis, understood as a judgment out of reality, is sometimes considered as a defensive mechanism in the face of an overflowing situation. However, beyond the pathological, given its fantastic nature, has also brought its form and content to art in its various manifestations. Thus, we bring up a similar case. A 51-year-old male, who has one brother with schizophrenia; in his childhood and adolescence excelled by an excellent academic performance, even won a national prize of Economy; and very scarce emotional ties outside the family environment. At the age of 23, during his stay in a foreign country after obtaining a scholarship in a world-renowned company, he presented disorganized behavior and thought, disinhibition, delusions of persecution, prejudice and referentiality; then, he was repatriated by his family to enter in a psychiatric center. After, he continued psychiatric monitoring irregularly, with no disease awareness and little therapeutic adherence. In his last decompensation, he shown a megalomaniacal delusion, he defined himself as “a living being, brother of all living beings, who fought to defend peace, justice and the good of mankind”. The last year, he had been helping economically the homeless, interceding before the authorities for strangers and needy people; he restored and prayed in temples of different religions. Furthermore, with a significant deterioration in their self-care and family life. In consequence, he required a third forced psychiatric admission. After two months, he received discharge for clinical improvement and treatment with injectable paliperidone. Eight months later, he continues to be monitored and markedly recovered.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Spirituality meanings reported by Southeast Brazilian nursing staff at the psychiatric ward of a university general hospital: A clinical-qualitative study
Authors: Lavorato-Neto G. , Rodrigues L. , Turato E. , Campos C.J.G. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionDespites nursing holistic trends for caring, in psychiatric wards of general hospitals the spiritual dimension remains controversy. Evidence shows spirituality rule in recovering and also alerts about complications associated to mental disorders and spirituality.AimTo describe spirituality meanings attributed by a psychiatric nursing team and discuss how they apply them on professional cares.MethodClinical-qualitative design is a particularization of generic qualitative strategies brought from humanities to approach symbolic research questions in clinical settings. A semi-directed interview with open-ended question, in-depth, was carried out with a team of 22 nursing professionals in the psychiatric ward of a general hospital in Southeast Brazil. Data analysis was driven under the Ricoeur understanding of Freudian symbolic meaning, which affirm that a statement revels multiple meanings overwritten.ResultsSpirituality is developed from several sources of restlessness and living together. The function of spirituality is to help fulfill social roles, keep internal balance and to maintain sacred practice attitudes towards life that brings symbolic salvation: help or redemption to hard life times. Nature of mental illness remains as spiritual stigma and a suspicion contradictorily to spiritual approach caring to patients in inpatients services, which is described, as inappropriate or confusable.ConclusionsEven spirituality meanings are covered by symbolism, which expresses human attitudes to help in life crises they are surrounded by contradictions that situate this dimension in the limit of reason, which approximates carriers and patients causing weirdness. Nursing staff still needs training to deliver holistic care, and spiritual counseling to gain clarity in this issue.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Residential facilities project in Cuba: An original working model
Authors: Vaccaro A. , Broche M.J. Brito , Capote M.I. , Calzadilla C.B. Borrego , Mencacci C. 
Published: June 2017

Psychiatry must have among its main aims to reintegrate in their own environment of life people with psychotic disorders, personality disorders and other serious disorder of the psychic sphere. We must be able to operate in places built ad hoc, that is, where time, space and procedures are marked with certainty and, as much as possible, managed firsthand. The environment must be constructed or modified in such a way as to make it unlikely the failure or discomfort. Patients also need to be strengthened in their ability to integrate in their environment and in the ability to cope with various life events. The goal is to transfer a first group of patients from large psychiatric hospital of La Habana to the territory, specifically in 2–3 already identified communities, to realize the rehabilitation projects that in 3–4 years can bring patients selected at their home or, alternatively, at self-managed apartments. The reference model of rehabilitative interventions is multimodal. The model explains the onset, course, prognosis and social functioning of the major mental disorders as a complex and mutually conditioning relation between biological, environmental and behavioural. The results will be evaluated over the next three years and will be the subject of future publications. A good practice cannot disengage from safe theoretical and methodological references. To show clearly and verifiably their work, operators must be trained before and during all phases of work, a job training, continuing education, which has as its primary objective the descriptive clarity and verifiability of results.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Type D personality and metabolic syndrome in patients with depression
Authors: Martinac M. , Babić D. , Pavlović M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MS) and depression (MDD) is complex and insufficiently explored. In addition to chronic stress, psychotrauma, hypercortisolemia and immunological factors, some personality features may have an impact. Type D personality, most influential personality type in psychosomatic medicine, consists of two dimensions: negative affect (NA) and social inhibition (SI). Individuals with type D personality are more anxious, irritable and depressed and they do not share these emotions with others because of their fear of rejection. Type D personality was proven to be a risk factor for some MS components, as well as for the occurrence of depressive symptoms in cardiac patients.AimTo investigate the association of type D personality with MS and its components in MDD patients.MethodsCross-sectional study was conducted on the sample of 80 patients with depression and 40 healthy subjects as the control group. Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI questionnaire) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HDRS-17) were used for the diagnosis of depression. Type D personality was determined by DS14 questionnaire. The MS diagnosis was made according to ATP III criteria.ResultsThe presence of type D personality did not significantly contribute to the probability of developing MS in patients with depression. NA was associated with abdominal obesity, low HDL-cholesterol and hypertension.ConclusionNegative affect was proven to be an independent risk factor in the pathogenesis of obesity, hypertension, and reduced level of HDL-cholesterol, while type D personality in general did not have predictive value for the MS development.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Efficacy of a hypericum extract (STW3-VI) – A reanalysis
Authors: Mueller J. , Kolb C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe course of depression during therapy in studies is usually monitored by scales like HAMD. Also the course of single items of the HAMD during therapy might be of specific interest as some symptoms are of highly predictive value. Furthermore early improvement during antidepressive therapy is a new aspect which came into the focus.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to reanalyze clinical data regarding early improvement as well as specific symptoms or symptom cluster – like sleep disturbances.AimsThe aim of this study was to get deeper insight into the data structure of 2 RCTs (n = 398, 42 days treatment) comparing the efficacy of a hypericum extract (STW3-VI/900 mg once daily) to Placebo.MethodsData structure was evaluated by comparing the total scores of the HAMD-17 to a single item analysis and by calculating the factorial structure of the end of treatment data. The treatment potential was evaluated by calculating a positive predictive value from day 7 to the end of treatment. ANCOVA, factor analysis and regression methods were used.ResultsThe single item analyses were widely comparable to the highly significant treatment differences of the total scores as it were the calculated subscales. The positive predictive value of the treatment was about 75%.ConclusionsThe results underline the elsewhere proven treatment efficacy of STW3-VI regarding several new subscale aspects.Disclosure of interestCOI: The authors are employees of Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany.
Chronic benzodiazepine use in aged patients with depressive disorder
Authors: Smaoui N. , Zouari L. , Maâlej-Bouali M. , Charfi N. , Zouari N. , Thabet J. Ben , Maâlej M. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveTo identify predictive variables of chronic benzodiazepine use among elderly patients with depressive disorder.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, including 41 patients suffering from depressive disorders, aged 65 years or more, treated with benzodiazepine (BZD) and followed-up in outpatient psychiatry unit at Hedi Chaker university hospital in Sfax in Tunisia. We used a standardized questionnaire including socio-demographic and clinical data. Chronic BZD use was defined as BZD availability at least 50% of the days between day 181 and day 365 following initiation.ResultsThe average age of patients was 69.29 ± 5.7 years. The sex ratio (M/F) was 0.5. The majority of them were married (78%), unemployed (82.9%) and living in urban area (61%). They had at most a primary degree (90.2%) and a low socioeconomic level (63.4%). The average time of BZD consumption was 4 years and 5 months.The prevalence of chronic BZD use in our sample was 56.1%. Duration of benzodiazepine use was greater than 1 year for all chronic BZD users. The mean dose of Benzodiazepine (Lorazepam) consumed was 3.87 ± 2.8 mg per day. Chronic BZD use was correlated with low socioeconomic level (86.3% vs 36.8%; P = 0.000), psychiatric comorbidity (72.7% vs 26.3%; P = 0.004) and recent hospitalization (59% vs 15.7%; P = 0.023).ConclusionThere is a high prevalence of chronic BZD use in our study. For the 65 years and older patients with depressive disorder, significant predictors of chronic BZD use were low socioeconomic level, psychiatric comorbidity and recent hospitalization.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A French psychoeducational audio-visual tool for adult patients with eating disorders
Authors: Avenet L. , Ringuenet D. , Vindreau C. , Mallet J. , Avenet P.L. , Gorwood P. , Dubertret C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionEating disorders are pathologies with potentially serious psychic and somatic consequences, and high mortality. Lifetime prevalence in adults is about 0.6% for anorexia nervosa, 1% for bulimia, and 3% for binge eating disorder. However, the prognosis is improved if a suitable care is quickly established. Caregivers are often highly involved and helpless in facing such diseases. They often express a significant psychological distress. We must contribute to provide them answers, to strengthen their key role as a resource and support for the patient. It is found that carers themselves are poorly trained in screening, diagnosing and supporting eating disorders. There are effective therapeutic approaches, such as psychoeducation, to improve therapeutic alliance.Objectives/aimsThis work aims to realize a French psychoeducational audio-visual tool for patients with eating disorders, their caregivers, and professional carers.MethodsWe made an extensive review of literature (focus on the international practice guidelines, existing psychoeducational tools), and several consensus meetings. We decided of original directions to drive the psychoeducational approach of the movies, taking into account previous findings.ResultsThis tool includes three movies approaching the symptoms and the choice of treatment setting, based on the disease course and the care's goals. They may be broadcasted on a national level through professional networks and associations involved in the treatment of eating disorders.ConclusionThis work improves the knowledge of eating disorders in carers, patients and their families. The relevance and effectiveness of this tool on the course of the disease has to be further evaluated.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Some stay the same: Personality change after treatment for eating disorder
Authors: Levallius J. , Mu W. , Norring C. , Clinton D. , Roberts B. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionStrong evidence establishes a close relationship between personality traits and mental illness; where personality can be said to influences the likelihood, severity and longevity of a mental disorder. Personality is usually seen as fixed, yet there is a growing body of evidence for the changeability of personality, though this has rarely been studied in relation to mental disorders.ObjectiveTo study the longitudinal interplay between personality and eating disorders (EDs), particularly the associations between personality, recovery and treatment modality.AimsTo investigate changes in the five domains and thirty lower-level facets of personality in non-underweight EDs, and its associations to intervention and outcome.MethodsTwo hundred and nine adults with EDs enrolled either in a four-month multimodal psychodynamic group-therapy (DAY) or four-six month internet-based supported cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT). ED diagnosis and personality (by the five-factor model) were assessed at baseline, termination and 6-month follow up. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze domain-level development, and reliable change (RCI) for facet-level development.ResultsRemission rate at end of treatment was 71% in DAY and 55% in iCBT. Over time, Neuroticism decreased significantly while Extraversion, Openness and Conscientiousness increased (P < 0.01). Treatment and outcome had little influence on domain-level change. At the facet-level, 28% of patients reliably changed in any given facet, and there were several differences in pattern based on treatment and outcome.ConclusionsThis study lends support for the possibility of personality change and its relevance for recovery from EDs.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Are coping strategies really different among family members of patients with eating disorders?
Authors: Sampogna G. , Fiorillo A. , Luciano M. , Del Vecchio V. , Volpe U. , Monteleone A. , Bruni A. , Segura-Garcìa C. , Catapano F. , Monteleone P. , Maj M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionFamily members of patients with Eating Disorders(EDs)–in dealing with the relatives’ disease–report negative feelings such as self-blame and criticism, but little is known regarding their coping strategies.ObjectivesTo describe coping strategies in a sample of relatives of patients with EDs using the Family Coping Questionnaire–Eating Disorder version (FCQ-ED).Aims (1) To evaluate coping strategies in relatives of patients with EDs; (2) to describe differences in coping strategies according to type of kinship with the patient; (3) to identify correlations among socio-demographic characteristics, patients’ clinical characteristic, and type of coping strategies.MethodsRelatives’ coping strategies were evaluated using the FCQ-ED, a self-administered questionnaire, consisting of 32 items, grouped in 5 subscales: coercion; positive communication; collusion; seeking for information; avoidance, plus one item on seeking for spiritual help.ResultsSeventy-two patients and 127 relatives were recruited. The most frequently adopted coping strategies were seeking for information, positive communication, seeking for spiritual help; the former were positively correlated with the level of education of both patients and relatives. Mothers avoided the patients less frequently than other relatives.DiscussionThis is one of the first studies focused on coping strategies in families of patients with EDs showing that problem-oriented ones are used quite often. Socio-demographic characteristics and type of kinship can have an impact on the adoption of coping strategies, but further longitudinal studies are needed in order to identify other possible factors implied in their development.ConclusionsThis represents an initial attempt to understand how clinical, social and personal variables can have an impact on the development of coping strategies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.