bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes and characteristics of non-immobilised, spine-injured trauma patients: a systematic review of prehospital selective immobilisation protocols
Authors: McDonald Neil E , Curran-Sills Gwynn , Thomas Roger E 
Published: September 2016

ObjectivesThis review assesses prehospital selective immobilisation protocols across a range of outcomes, including neurological deterioration and characteristics of injured, non-immobilised patients.MethodsSix electronic reference databases and eight grey literature sources were systematically searched. We included studies that enrolled acute trauma patients in the prehospital setting who were assessed for spine injury according to predefined clinical criteria and either immobilised or not. Data items included instances of neurological deterioration among patients with spine injuries, as well as available characteristics of those who were injured and not immobilised. Available data and study heterogeneity prevented meta-analyses. Bias was assessed for both individual studies and across studies by outcome.Results604 unique articles were retrieved, of which 7 met inclusion criteria. There was moderate or high risk of bias across studies in all outcomes. Of 76 patients with spine injuries who were not immobilised, 72 had no neurological deficit that appeared after emergency medical services contact, and the remaining four were not followed. Within this group, there appears to be a trend towards elderly patients who suffered a thoracic or lumbar injury from a low-risk mechanism of injury. Among studies that report both the results of the protocol assessment and immobilisation status, there is variable correspondence between the two.ConclusionsData limitations and study biases suggest caution when interpreting and applying the results of this review. Its findings are consistent with the conclusions of individual studies. The characteristics of injured, non-immobilised patients point to areas of future research to investigate apparent trends.
Prognostic significance of Claudin 12 in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer
Authors: Iravani Omid , Yip George Wai-Cheong , Thike Aye Aye , Chua Pei Jou , Jane Scully Olivia , Tan Puay-Hoon , Bay Boon-Huat 
Published: September 2016

AimsAltered expression of the Claudin (CLDN) superfamily of tight junction proteins has been reported in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the immunohistochemical expression of CLDN 12 and its prognostic significance in breast cancer tissues.MethodsImmunohistochemical expression of CLDN 12 was performed on tissue microarrays consisting of 232 cases of breast carcinoma and correlated with clinicopathological features as well as survival of the patients with breast cancer.ResultsFor the estrogen receptor (ER)-negative subgroup of patients with breast cancer, CLDN 12 expression was shown to be an independent predictor of poor overall survival (HR=2.345; p=0.020) and disease-free survival (HR=2.177; p=0.026) but not for the ER-positive tumours.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that CLDN 12 expression could be clinically useful for predicting the survival of the ER-negative subgroup of patients with breast cancer.
A Fast Contention-Friendly Binary Search Tree
Authors: Crain Tyler , Gramoli Vincent , Raynal Michel 
Published: September 2016

This paper presents a fast concurrent binary search tree algorithm. To achieve high performance under contention, the algorithm divides update operations within an eager abstract access that returns rapidly for efficiency reason and a lazy structural adaptation that may be postponed to diminish contention. To achieve high performance under read-only workloads, it features a rebalancing mechanism and guarantees that read-only operations searching for an element execute lock-free. We evaluate the contention-friendly binary search tree using Synchrobench, a benchmark suite to compare synchronization techniques. More specifically, we compare its performance against five state-of-the-art binary search trees that use locks, transactions or compare-and-swap for synchronization on Intel Xeon, AMD Opteron and Oracle SPARC. Our results show that our tree is more efficient than other trees and double the throughput of existing lock-based trees under high contention.
Oxytocin Modulates Semantic Integration in Speech Comprehension
Authors: Ye Zheng , Stolk Arjen , Toni Ivan , Hagoort Peter 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Listeners interpret utterances by integrating information from multiple sources including word level semantics and world knowledge. When the semantics of an expression is inconsistent with their knowledge about the world, the listener may have to search through the conceptual space for alternative possible world scenarios that can make the expression more acceptable. Such cognitive exploration requires considerable computational resources and might depend on motivational factors. This study explores whether and how oxytocin, a neuropeptide known to influence social motivation by reducing social anxiety and enhancing affiliative tendencies, can modulate the integration of world knowledge and sentence meanings. The study used a between-participant double-blind randomized placebo-controlled design. Semantic integration, indexed with magnetoencephalography through the N400m marker, was quantified while 45 healthy male participants listened to sentences that were either congruent or incongruent with facts of the world, after receiving intranasally delivered oxytocin or placebo. Compared with congruent sentences, world knowledge incongruent sentences elicited a stronger N400m signal from the left inferior frontal and anterior temporal regions and medial pFC (the N400m effect) in the placebo group. Oxytocin administration significantly attenuated the N400m effect at both sensor and cortical source levels throughout the experiment, in a state-like manner. Additional electrophysiological markers suggest that the absence of the N400m effect in the oxytocin group is unlikely due to the lack of early sensory or semantic processing or a general downregulation of attention. These findings suggest that oxytocin drives listeners to resolve challenges of semantic integration, possibly by promoting the cognitive exploration of alternative possible world scenarios.
Dopamine Receptor Genes Modulate Associative Memory in Old Age
Authors: Papenberg Goran , Becker Nina , Ferencz Beata , Naveh-Benjamin Moshe , Laukka Erika J. , Bäckman Lars , Brehmer Yvonne 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPrevious research shows that associative memory declines more than item memory in aging. Although the underlying mechanisms of this selective impairment remain poorly understood, animal and human data suggest that dopaminergic modulation may be particularly relevant for associative binding. We investigated the influence of dopamine (DA) receptor genes on item and associative memory in a population-based sample of older adults (n = 525, aged 60 years), assessed with a face–scene item associative memory task. The effects of single-nucleotide polymorphisms of DA D1 (DRD1; rs4532), D2 (DRD2/ANKK1/Taq1A; rs1800497), and D3 (DRD3/Ser9Gly; rs6280) receptor genes were examined and combined into a single genetic score. Individuals carrying more beneficial alleles, presumably associated with higher DA receptor efficacy (DRD1 C allele; DRD2 A2 allele; DRD3 T allele), performed better on associative memory than persons with less beneficial genotypes. There were no effects of these genes on item memory or other cognitive measures, such as working memory, executive functioning, fluency, and perceptual speed, indicating a selective association between DA genes and associative memory. By contrast, genetic risk for Alzheimer disease (AD) was associated with worse item and associative memory, indicating adverse effects of APOE ε4 and a genetic risk score for AD (PICALM, BIN1, CLU) on episodic memory in general. Taken together, our results suggest that DA may be particularly important for associative memory, whereas AD-related genetic variations may influence overall episodic memory in older adults without dementia.
Baroclinic-to-Barotropic Pathway in El Niño–Southern Oscillation Teleconnections from the Viewpoint of a Barotropic Rossby Wave Source
Authors: Ji Xuan , Neelin J. David , Mechoso C. Roberto 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The baroclinic-to-barotropic pathway in ENSO teleconnections is examined from the viewpoint of a barotropic Rossby wave source that results from decomposition into barotropic and baroclinic components. Diagnoses using the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis are supplemented by analysis of the response of a tropical atmospheric model of intermediate complexity to the NCEP–NCAR barotropic Rossby wave source. Among the three barotropic Rossby wave source contributions (shear advection, vertical advection, and surface drag), the leading contribution is from shear advection and, more specifically, the mean baroclinic zonal wind advecting the anomalous baroclinic zonal wind. Vertical advection is the smallest term, while surface drag tends to cancel and reinforce the shear advection in different regions through damping on the baroclinic mode, which spins up a barotropic response. There are also nontrivial impacts of transients in the barotropic wind response to ENSO. Both tropical and subtropical baroclinic vorticity advection contribute to the barotropic component of the Pacific subtropical jet near the coast of North America, where the resulting barotropic wind contribution approximately doubles the zonal jet anomaly at upper levels, relative to the baroclinic anomalies alone. In this view, the barotropic Rossby wave source in the subtropics simply arises from the basic-state baroclinic flow acting on the well-known baroclinic ENSO flow pattern that spreads from the deep tropics into the subtropics over a scale of equatorial radius of deformation. This is inseparably connected to the leading deep tropical Rossby wave source that arises from eastern Pacific climatological baroclinic winds advecting the tropical portion of the same ENSO flow pattern.
The Development and Validation of the Game User Experience Satisfaction Scale (GUESS)
Authors: Phan Mikki H. , Keebler Joseph R. , Chaparro Barbara S. 
Published: September 2016

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and psychometrically validate a new instrument that comprehensively measures video game satisfaction based on key factors. Background: Playtesting is often conducted in the video game industry to help game developers build better games by providing insight into the players’ attitudes and preferences. However, quality feedback is difficult to obtain from playtesting sessions without a quality gaming assessment tool. There is a need for a psychometrically validated and comprehensive gaming scale that is appropriate for playtesting and game evaluation purposes. Method: The process of developing and validating this new scale followed current best practices of scale development and validation. As a result, a mixed-method design that consisted of item pool generation, expert review, questionnaire pilot study, exploratory factor analysis ( N = 629), and confirmatory factor analysis ( N = 729) was implemented. Results: A new instrument measuring video game satisfaction, called the Game User Experience Satisfaction Scale (GUESS), with nine subscales emerged. The GUESS was demonstrated to have content validity, internal consistency, and convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusion: The GUESS was developed and validated based on the assessments of over 450 unique video game titles across many popular genres. Thus, it can be applied across many types of video games in the industry both as a way to assess what aspects of a game contribute to user satisfaction and as a tool to aid in debriefing users on their gaming experience. Application: The GUESS can be administered to evaluate user satisfaction of different types of video games by a variety of users.
Patients’ perceptions of barriers to self-managing bipolar disorder: A qualitative study
Authors: Blixen Carol , Perzynski Adam T , Bukach Ashley , Howland Molly , Sajatovic Martha 
Published: September 2016

Background: Self-management of bipolar disorder (BD) is challenging for many individuals. Material: Interviews were used to assess perceived barriers to disease self-management among 21 high-risk patients with BD. Content analysis, with an emphasis on dominant themes, was used to analyze the data. Results: Three major domains of barriers emerged: individual barriers (psychological, knowledge, behavioral and physical health); family/community-level barriers (lack of support and resources); and provider/healthcare system (inadequate communication and access to care). Conclusion: Care approaches providing social and peer support, optimizing communication with providers and integrating medical and psychiatric care may improve self-management of BD in this vulnerable population.
Personal suffering and social criticism in T. S. Eliot’s The Waste Land and A. Ginsberg’s Howl: Implications for social psychiatry
Authors: Wigand Moritz E , Wiegand Hauke F , Rüsch Nicolas , Becker Thomas 
Published: September 2016

Background: T. S. Eliot’s The Waste Land and A. Ginsberg’s Howl are two landmark poems of the 20th century which have a unique way of dealing with emotional suffering. Aims: (a) To explore the interplay between emotional suffering, conflicting relationships and societal perceptions; (b) to show the therapeutic effect of the writing process; (c) to analyse the portrayal of ‘madness’; and (d) to discuss, in contemporary psychiatric terms, the ‘solutions’ offered by the poets. Method: Qualitative research with a narrative, hermeneutic approach. Results: Against the background of wartime/genocide and postwar disillusionment, close relationships are projected onto societal perceptions. Concepts of (self-)control, compassion, empowerment and self-efficacy are offered as solutions to overcome feelings of despair. Conclusion: In a time of perceived societal and environmental crises, both poems help us understand people’s fears and how to counteract them. Besides biological approaches, the narrative approach to the suffering human being has not lost its significance.
Office-Based Assessment of At-Risk Driving in Older Adults With and Without Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Stern Robert A. , Abularach Linda M. , Seichepine Daniel R. , Alosco Michael L. , Gavett Brandon E. , Tripodis Yorghos 
Published: September 2016

Background: A multitest approach is optimal for the identification of at-risk driving among older adults. This study examined the predictive validity of a combination of office-based screening tests for on-road driving performance in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/dementia. Methods: Forty-four normal control, 20 participants with MCI, and 20 participants with dementia completed a battery of office-based assessments. On-road driving evaluation classified participants as not at-risk (n = 65) or at-risk drivers (n = 19). Results: Logistic regression revealed age and 2 tests of visual attention abilities (Useful Field of View [UFOV] Divided Attention and Neuropsychological Assessment Battery [NAB] Driving Scenes) best predicted at-risk drivers ( C statistic = 0.90); no cutoff score had both sensitivity and specificity >80%. Conclusions: Future research on larger and more clinically representative neurological samples will improve understanding of the utility of the UFOV Divided Attention and NAB Driving Scenes in detecting at-risk older adult drivers in the clinic.
Preoperative Cognitive Performance Dominates Risk for Delirium Among Older Adults
Authors: Jones Richard N. , Marcantonio Edward R. , Saczynski Jane S. , Tommet Douglas , Gross Alden L. , Travison Thomas G. , Alsop David C. , Schmitt Eva M. , Fong Tamara G. , Cizginer Sevdenur , Shafi Mouhsin M. , Pascual-Leone Alvaro , Inouye Sharon K. 
Published: September 2016

Background: Cognitive impairment is a well-recognized risk factor for delirium. Our goal was to determine whether the level of cognitive performance across the nondemented cognitive ability spectrum is correlated with delirium risk and to gauge the importance of cognition relative to other known risk factors for delirium. Methods: The Successful Aging after Elective Surgery study enrolled 566 adults aged ≥70 years scheduled for major surgery. Patients were assessed preoperatively and daily during hospitalization for the occurrence of delirium using the Confusion Assessment Method. Cognitive function was assessed preoperatively with an 11-test neuropsychological battery combined into a composite score for general cognitive performance (GCP). We examined the risk for delirium attributable to GCP, as well as demographic factors, vocabulary ability, and informant-rated cognitive decline, and compared the strength of association with risk factors identified in a previously published delirium prediction rule for delirium. Results: Delirium occurred in 135 (24%) patients. Lower GCP score was strongly and linearly predictive of delirium risk (relative risk = 2.0 per each half standard deviation difference in GCP score, 95% confidence interval, 1.5-2.5). This effect was not attenuated by statistical adjustment for demographics, vocabulary ability, and informant-rated cognitive decline. The effect was stronger than, and largely independent from, both standard delirium risk factors and comorbidity. Conclusion: Risk of delirium is linearly and strongly related to presurgical cognitive performance level even at levels above the population median, which would be considered unimpaired.
Aerobic Physical Fitness and Recreational Sports Participation After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Barber-Westin Sue D. , Noyes Frank R. 
Published: September 2016

Context: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is routinely performed in younger patients who desire to be active in fitness and recreational sports. The activities patients can participate in without symptoms and the level of aerobic fitness routinely maintained are important to investigate. Objective: To determine physical activity (PA) and recreational sports resumed after primary TKA, symptoms or limitations with these activities, and the effect of postoperative rehabilitation on achieving fitness and sports goals. Data Sources: A systematic review of the literature from 2005 through 2015 was conducted using the PubMed database. Study Selection: Original investigations that were conducted at least 1 year after primary TKA and reported the percentage of patients who returned to recreational activities or routinely participated in aerobic PA recommended by the American Heart Association (AHA) were included in this study. Study Design: Systematic review. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Data Extraction: Data were extracted as available from 19 eligible studies. Assessment of study quality was rated using the MINORS (Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies) instrument. Results: There were 5179 knees (mean age, 67.5 years) followed for a mean 4.8 years postoperatively. Marked variability was present between studies regarding the percentage of patients who resumed recreational activities (34%-100%), most of which were low impact. Only 2 studies used accelerometers to measure PA; these reported a low range (0%-16.5%) of patients who met AHA guidelines. Few studies determined whether symptoms or limitations were experienced during PA. None described rehabilitation exercises or factors that would influence patients’ ability to return to recreational or fitness activities. Conclusion: Little evidence is available regarding the effect of TKA on return to recreational and (objectively measured) aerobic fitness. The extent of symptoms or limitations during PA and the long-term effects of such problems remain unclear. Valid predictions cannot be made on factors that may affect return to recreational sports or other aerobic PA after TKA.
Phase 1/2 study of lenalidomide combined with low-dose cyclophosphamide and prednisone in lenalidomide-refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Nijhof Inger S. , Franssen Laurens E. , Levin Mark-David , Bos Gerard M. J. , Broijl Annemiek , Klein Saskia K. , Koene Harry R. , Bloem Andries C. , Beeker Aart , Faber Laura M. , van der Spek Ellen , Ypma Paula F. , Raymakers Reinier , van Spronsen Dick-Johan , Westerweel Peter E. , Oostvogels Rimke , van Velzen Jeroen , van Kessel Berris , Mutis Tuna , Sonneveld Pieter , Zweegman Sonja , Lokhorst Henk M. , van de Donk Niels W. C. J. 
Published: September 2016

Key Points
REP is an active combination in MM patients refractory to lenalidomide. REP is an all-oral and generally well-tolerated regimen.
systemPipeR: NGS workflow and report generation environment
Authors: Backman Tyler W. H. , Girke Thomas 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Background
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized how research is carried out in many areas of biology and medicine. However, the analysis of NGS data remains a major obstacle to the efficient utilization of the technology, as it requires complex multi-step processing of big data demanding considerable computational expertise from users. While substantial effort has been invested on the development of software dedicated to the individual analysis steps of NGS experiments, insufficient resources are currently available for integrating the individual software components within the widely used R/Bioconductor environment into automated workflows capable of running the analysis of most types of NGS applications from start-to-finish in a time-efficient and reproducible manner.

Results
To address this need, we have developed the R/Bioconductor package systemPipeR. It is an extensible environment for both building and running end-to-end analysis workflows with automated report generation for a wide range of NGS applications. Its unique features include a uniform workflow interface across different NGS applications, automated report generation, and support for running both R and command-line software on local computers and computer clusters. A flexible sample annotation infrastructure efficiently handles complex sample sets and experimental designs. To simplify the analysis of widely used NGS applications, the package provides pre-configured workflows and reporting templates for RNA-Seq, ChIP-Seq, VAR-Seq and Ribo-Seq. Additional workflow templates will be provided in the future.

Conclusions
systemPipeR accelerates the extraction of reproducible analysis results from NGS experiments. By combining the capabilities of many R/Bioconductor and command-line tools, it makes efficient use of existing software resources without limiting the user to a set of predefined methods or environments. systemPipeR is freely available for all common operating systems from Bioconductor (http://bioconductor.org/packages/devel/systemPipeR).