bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Horizontal ground reaction forces to stationary running performed in the water and on dry land at different physiological intensities
Authors: Alberton Cristine Lima , Pinto Stephanie Santana , Nunes Gabriela Neves , Rau Douglas Guerreiro dos Santos , Finatto Paula , Antunes Amanda Haberland , Tartaruga Marcus Peikriszwili , Bergamin Marco , Cadore Eduardo Lusa , Kruel Luiz Fernando Martins 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to compare the peak anterior–posterior (Fy) and medio–lateral (Fx) ground reaction forces (GRFs) of women performing stationary running at different intensities in aquatic and dry land environments. Fourteen young women performed the stationary running exercise at three cadences (first ventilatory threshold, second ventilatory threshold and maximum effort, as determined during exercise in water) in aquatic and dry land environments. Two‐way repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyse the data (α = .05). As a result, significantly lower peak Fy anterior, Fy posterior, Fx medial and Fx lateral values were observed for the aquatic environment, except for the Fy posterior at the first ventilatory threshold. Significant differences were observed between cadences in the peak Fy anterior, Fy posterior, Fx medial and Fx lateral values, with higher values for the cadence corresponding to maximum effort compared to the first ventilatory threshold, except for the Fy posterior and Fx medial in the aquatic environment. The results indicate that the horizontal GRFs are reduced in the aquatic environment and depend on the intensity of stationary running exercise performance.
Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Thermal and Thermomechanical Behavior of a Power Inductor Accompanied by a Reliability Study
Authors: Bendaou Om , Gautrelet C , Elhami A , Agouzoul M 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In practice, when feeding the electrical and electronic components, they generate heat by Joule’s effect, which will cause an increase in temperature and provoking mechanical deformations related to the expansion of the materials. It is therefore this aspect that is the subject of our study on the thermal and thermomechanical characterization of a ferrite power inductor by experimental and numerical channels. For this purpose, a finite element model was developed and calibrated by comparing its results to the experimental results obtained via thermal measurements and measurements by speckle interferometry system. A reliability analysis on the power inductor was performed numerically, based on the coupling between finite element model validated and the methods of Monte Carlo, FORM and SORM.
Mechanical Property Analysis on Sandwich Structured Hybrid Composite Made from Natural Fibre, Glass Fibre and Ceramic Fibre Wool Reinforced with Epoxy Resin
Authors: Bharat K R , Abhishek S , Palanikumar K 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Natural fibre composites find wide range of applications and usage in the automobile and manufacturing industries. They find lack in desired properties, which are required for present applications. In current scenario, many developments in composite materials involve the synthesis of Hybrid composite materials to overcome some of the lacking properties. In this present investigation, two sandwich structured hybrid composite materials have been made by reinforcing Aloe Vera-Ceramic Fibre Wool-Glass fibre with Epoxy resin matrix and Sisal fibre-Ceramic Fibre Wool-Glass fibre with Epoxy resin matrix and its mechanical properties such as Tensile, Flexural and Impact are tested and analyzed. The test results from the two samples are compared and the results show that sisal fibre reinforced hybrid composite has better mechanical properties than aloe vera reinforced hybrid composite.
Intermetallic Growth Retardation with the Addition of Graphene in the Sn-3.5Ag Lead-free Solder
Authors: Mayappan R , Salleh A 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In this study, the effect of 0.07 wt.% graphene nanosheets (GNSs) on the thermal, microstructure and intermetallic compounds (IMC) growth kinetics were investigated. Experimental results showed that addition of GNSs to the Sn-3.5Ag solder alloy slightly increased the melting temperature. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrograph revealed that with the addition of GNSs has transformed the morphologies of the interfacial IMC from scalloped to more planar-shaped after isothermal aging for 500 hours. Growth kinetics calculations show that the k value was reduced from 9.08 × 10-14 cm2/s to 5.73 × 10-14 cm2/s with the addition of graphene. Thereby, it indicates that the addition of GNSs suppressed the growth of the IMC layers hence retarded the IMC’s growth.
Static Strength of Adhesively-bonded Woven Fabric Kenaf Composite Plates
Authors: Hilton Ahmad , Lee Sim Yee , Supar Khairi 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Natural fibers are potentially used as reinforcing materials and combined with epoxy resin as matrix system to form a superior specific strength (or stiffness) materials known as composite materials. The advantages of implementing natural fibers such as kenaf fibers are renewable, less hazardous during fabrication and handling process; and relatively cheap compared to synthetic fibers. The aim of current work is to conduct a parametric study on static strength of adhesively bonded woven fabric kenaf composite plates. Fabrication of composite panels were conducted using hand lay-up techniques, with variation of stacking sequence, over-lap length, joint types and lay-up types as identified in testing series. Quasi-static testing was carried out using mechanical testing following code of practice. Load-displacement profiles were analyzed to study its structural response prior to ultimate failures. It was found that cross-ply lay-up demonstrates better static strength compared to quasi-isotropic lay-up counterparts due to larger volume of 0° plies exhibited in cross-ply lay-up. Consequently, larger overlap length gives better joining strength, as expected, however this promotes to weight penalty in the joining structure. Most samples showed failures within adhesive region known as cohesive failure modes, however, few sample demonstrated interface failure. Good correlations of parametric study were found and discussed in the respective section.
Analysis of the Machining Depth over Time in Wet Etching for Fabrication of Invar Thin Film Shadow Mask
Authors: Moon G C , Choi W K , Kim S H , Choi S G , Lee E S 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Invar is made up of 64% iron and 36% nickel. Invar has a characteristic of low thermal expansion coefficient that hardly causes a change of dimension according to temperature change. It is used for shadow mask fabrication by using this feature. Shadow mask is an important element for enhancing the pixels of the display. Therefore, Wet etching is an important machining technique because it is economical and mass-producible to make shadow mask. In this study, the machining depth was compared and analyzed with the machining time by using a 30μm invar thin film. As the machining time increased, the machining depth of the hole increased and a perfect hole array occurred when the machining time was 5 minutes. Through the same processing conditions, a 5.5-inch large-area shadow mask with uniform hole size was fabricated.
Development of an electronic medical record–based child physical abuse alert system
Authors: Berger Rachel P , Saladino Richard A , Fromkin Janet , Heineman Emily , Suresh Srinivasan , McGinn Tom 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Objective
Physical abuse is a leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality. Physicians do not consistently screen for abuse, even in high-risk situations. Alerts in the electronic medical record may help improve screening rates, resulting in early identification and improved outcomes.

Methods
Triggers to identify children &lt; 2 years old at risk for physical abuse were coded into the electronic medical record at a freestanding pediatric hospital with a level 1 trauma center. The system was run in “silent mode”; physicians were unaware of the system, but study personnel received data on children who triggered the alert system. Sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive values of the child abuse alert system for identifying physical abuse were calculated.

Results
Thirty age-specific triggers were embedded into the electronic medical record. From October 21, 2014, through April 6, 2015, the system was in silent mode. All 226 children who triggered the alert system were considered subjects. Mean (SD) age was 9.1 (6.5) months. All triggers were activated at least once. Sensitivity was 96.8% (95% CI, 92.4–100.0%), specificity was 98.5% (95% CI, 98.3.5–98.7), and positive and negative predictive values were 26.5% (95% CI, 21.2–32.8%) and 99.9% (95% CI, 99.9–100.0%), respectively, for identifying children &lt; 2 years old with possible, probable, or definite physical abuse.

Discussion/Conclusion
Triggers embedded into the electronic medical record can identify young children with who need to be evaluated for physical abuse with high sensitivity and specificity.
High-Dose Nadroparin Following Endovascular Aneurysm Treatment Benefits Outcome After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Post Rene , Zijlstra IJsbrand A.J , Berg Rene van den , Coert Bert A , Verbaan Dagmar , Vandertop W Peter 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is one of the major causes of delayed morbidity and mortality in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of high-dose nadroparin treatment following endovascular aneurysm treatment on the occurrence of DCI and clinical outcome.

METHODS
Medical records of 158 adult patients with an aSAH were retrospectively analyzed. Those patients treated endovascularly for their ruptured aneurysm were included in this study. They received either high-dose (twice daily 5700 AxaIE) or low-dose (once daily 2850 AxaIE) nadroparin treatment after occlusion of the aneurysm. Medical charts were reviewed and imaging was scored by 2 independent neuroradiologists. Data with respect to in-hospital complications, peri-procedural complications, discharge location, and mortality were collected.

RESULTS
Ninety-three patients had received high-dose nadroparin, and 65 patients prophylactic low-dose nadroparin. There was no significant difference in clinical DCI occurrence between patients treated with high-dose (34%) and low-dose (31%) nadroparin. More patients were discharged to home in patients who received high-dose nadroparin (40%) compared to low-dose (17%; odds ratio [OR] 3.13, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.36-7.24). Furthermore, mortality was lower in the high-dose group (5%) compared to the low-dose group (23%; OR 0.19, 95% CI: 0.07-0.55), also after adjusting for neurological status on admission (OR 0.21, 95% CI: 0.07-0.63).

CONCLUSION
Patients who were treated with high-dose nadroparin after endovascular treatment for aneurysmal SAH were more often discharged to home and showed lower mortality. High-dose nadroparin did not, however, show a decrease in the occurrence of clinical DCI after aSAH. A randomized controlled trial seems warranted.
Simple Preoperative Patient-Reported Factors Predict Adverse Outcome After Elective Cranial Neurosurgery
Authors: Reponen Elina , Korja Miikka , Tuominen Hanna 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Patient-reported preoperative factors hold promise in improving the prediction of postoperative adverse events, but they have been poorly studied.

OBJECTIVE
To study the role of patient-reported factors in the preoperative risk stratification of elective craniotomy patients.

METHODS
A prospective, unselected cohort of 322 adult patients underwent elective craniotomy in Helsinki, Finland. We preoperatively recorded the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, Helsinki ASA score, and 3 questionnaire-based patient-reported factors including overall health status, ability to climb 2 flights of stairs, and cognitive function (Test Your Memory test). Outcome measures comprised in-hospital major and overall morbidity. Receiver-operating characteristic curves served to calculate area under the curve (AUC) values for a composite score of patient-reported factors and both ASA scores with regard to outcomes.

RESULTS
In-hospital major and overall morbidity rate was 15.2%. Only preoperatively diminished cognitive function remained a significant predictor of major morbidity after multivariable logistic regression analysis (P < .001, odds ratio 1.1, confidence interval 1.0-1.1). A composite score of our 3 patient-reported factors had a higher AUC (0.675) for major morbidity than original ASA score (0.543) or Helsinki ASA score (0.572). In elderly patients, the composite score had an AUC of 0.726 for major morbidity.

CONCLUSION
Preoperative patient-reported factors had higher sensitivity for detecting major morbidity compared to the ASA scores in this study. Particularly, the simple composite score seems to predict adverse outcomes in elective cranial surgery surprisingly well, especially in the elderly. These results are interesting and worth confirming in other centers.
Race and Ethnicity Have a Mixed Effect on the Treatment of Tibial Plateau Fractures
Authors: Driesman Adam , Mahure Siddharth A. , Paoli Albit , Pean Christian A. , Konda Sanjit R. , Egol Kenneth A. 
Published: June 2017

Objectives:
To determine whether racial or economic disparities are associated with short-term complications and outcomes in tibial plateau fracture care.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
All New York State hospital admissions from 2000 to 2014, as recorded by the New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database.

Patients/Participants:
Thirteen thousand five hundred eighteen inpatients with isolated tibial plateau fractures (OTA/AO 44), stratified in 4 groups: white, African American, Hispanic, and other.

Intervention:
Closed treatment and operative fixation of the tibial plateau.

Main Outcome Measurements:
Hospital length of stay (LOS, days), in-hospital complications/mortality, estimated total costs, and 30-day readmission.

Results:
There were no significant differences regarding in-hospital mortality, infection, deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism, or wound complications between races, even when controlling for income. There was a higher rate of nonoperatively treated fractures in the racial minority populations. Minority patients had on average 2 days longer LOS compared with whites (P < 0.001), costing on average $4000 more per hospitalization (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression found that neither race nor estimated median family income were independent risk factors for readmission.

Conclusions:
Although nature of initial injury, use of external fixator, comorbidity burden, age, insurance type, and LOS were independent risk factors for readmission, race and estimated median family income were not. In patients who sustained a tibial plateau fracture, race and ethnicity seemed to affect treatment choice, but once treated racial minority groups did not demonstrate worse short-term complications, including increased mortality and postoperative readmission rates.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Spiritual Nursing Care Education An Integrated Strategy for Teaching Students
Authors: White Donna M. , Hand Mikel 
Published: June 2017

Abstract:
The failure of nursing schools to integrate spiritual nursing care education into the curriculum has contributed to a lack in nurses' spiritual care ability. Developing, integrating, and testing a Spiritual Care Nursing Education strategy in an Associates of Science nursing program significantly increased the perceived spiritual care competence of student nurses. Utilizing a faculty team to develop learning activities to address critical spiritual care attributes offers a method to integrate spiritual nursing care content throughout the curriculum in ASN and BSN programs.
Academic Achievement and Risk Factors for Adolescents with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Middle School and Early High School
Authors: Zendarski Nardia , Sciberras Emma , Mensah Fiona , Hiscock Harriet 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Examine academic achievement of students with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during the early high school period and identify potentially modifiable risk factors for low achievement.

Method:
Data were collected through surveys (adolescent, parent, and teacher) and direct assessment of Australian adolescents (12–15 yr; n = 130) with ADHD in early high school (i.e., US middle and high school grades). Academic achievement outcomes were measured by linking to individual performance on the National Assessment Program-Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) tests, direct assessment of reading and math, and teacher report of academic competence. Linear regression models examined associations between adolescent, parent/family, and school factors and NAPLAN domain scores.

Results:
Students with ADHD had lower NAPLAN scores on all domains and fewer met minimum academic standards in comparison with state benchmarks. The poorest results were for persuasive writing. Poor achievement was associated with lower intelligence quotient across all academic domains. Adolescent inattention, bullying, poor family management, male sex, and attending a low socioeconomic status school were associated with lower achievement on specific domains.

Conclusion:
Students with ADHD are at increased academic risk during the middle school and early high school period. In addition to academic support, interventions targeting modifiable factors including inattention, bullying, and poor family management may improve academic achievement across this critical period.
Posture-Dependent Dysphagia After Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection at Sternocleidomastoid in a Patient With Athetoid Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Chang Won Kee , Kim Keewon , Seo Han Gil , Leigh Ja-ho , Bang Moon Suk 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Cervical dystonia is a common issue in patients with athetoid cerebral palsy. Botulinum toxin injection to dystonic cervical muscles is a well-recognized treatment option, but it is known to be associated with dysphagia. Previously reported cases of dysphagia after botulinum toxin injection to the sternocleidomastoid muscle were related to the regional spread of toxin to the pharyngeal muscles. We report a unique case of posture-dependent dysphagia due to preactivation of the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles to compensate for impaired head stabilization by the weakened sternocleidomastoid muscle while swallowing. This case suggests a possible mechanism of dysphagia in patients with athetoid cerebral palsy.
Well-Being and Arthritis Incidence: The Role of Inflammatory Mechanisms. Findings From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
Authors: Okely Judith A. , Weiss Alexander , Gale Catharine R. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Objective
Higher levels of well-being are associated with lower levels of inflammatory markers in healthy populations; however, it is unclear whether this association translates into a reduced risk of disease. In the current study, we tested whether the association between well-being and inflammation results in a lower risk of arthritis.

Methods
The sample consisted of 5622 participants 50 years or older from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing and included six waves of data collection. We used a structural equation modeling approach to test whether inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein [CRP] or fibrinogen) mediated the association between well-being and arthritis risk for a 10-year follow-up period.

Results
Higher levels of well-being were associated with a decrease in arthritis risk (hazard ratio = 0.97 per unit, 95% confidence interval = 0.96 to 0.98, p < .001). Of the two inflammatory markers, only CRP was associated with arthritis risk. Mediation analysis revealed that the indirect effect of well-being (at wave 1) on arthritis risk via CRP (at wave 2) was significant (hazard ratio = 0.996, 95% confidence interval = 0.995 to 0.998, p < .001). This effect remained significant after adjustment for demographic and health behavior variables and depressive symptoms.

Conclusions
CRP accounts for a small proportion of the association between well-being and a reduced risk of arthritis.
Evaluation of a Low-Fidelity Surgical Simulator for Large Loop Excision of the Transformation Zone (LLETZ)
Authors: Wilson Erin B. , Beckmann Michael M. , Hewett David G. , Jolly Brian C. , Janssens Sarah 
Published: June 2017

Introduction
Large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) is a common gynecological treatment for cervical dysplasia but can be challenging to teach. There is no widely adopted simulator for this procedure in Australia, so a new low-fidelity simulator was designed and evaluated.

Method
A simulator for a LLETZ procedure was developed. Doctors (N = 29), varied in experience level in gynecology at a tertiary hospital, performed a LLETZ procedure using the simulator. The procedures were filmed, and two independent assessors rated the deidentified videos. The assessment involved a checklist (of crucial procedural steps) and global rating scale to evaluate whether the simulator facilitated the demonstration of LLETZ procedure skills. Participants completed a questionnaire evaluating the performance and utility of the simulator to determine participant perceptions of simulator realism and acceptability.

Results
The participant questionnaire revealed positive evaluations of realism and acceptability of the simulator. Performance scores were significantly different across experience levels (P < 0.001) with post hoc pairwise comparison between levels confirming significant differences between each group in assessed simulator performance for global rating scale and overall performance scores. The interrater reliability of the assessors was high (0.84).

Conclusions
A low-fidelity simulator for a LLETZ procedure seems to adequately demonstrate procedural performance reflecting doctor experience level. Participant questionnaire responses were positive, supporting further evaluation of the simulator for use in training.
Efficacy of the Laparoendoscopic “Rendezvous” to Treat Cholecystocholedocholithiasis in 210 Consecutive Patients: A Single Center Experience
Authors: La Greca Gaetano , Pesce Antonio , Vitale Marco , Mannino Maurizio , Di Marco Federica , Di Blasi Michele , Lombardo Rosario , Puleo Stefano , Russello Domenico , Latteri Saverio 
Published: June 2017

Objective:
The simultaneous laparoendoscopic “rendezvous” (LERV) represents an alternative to sequential or totally laparoscopic approaches for patients affected by cholecystocholedocholithiasis. The aim of this study was to analyze the results in a large series of 210 consecutive patients.

Materials and Methods:
From 2002 to 2016 all patients affected by cholecystocholedocholithiasis were treated with a standardized “tailored” LERV. The relevant technical features of the procedure were recorded. An analysis of feasibility, effectiveness in stone clearance, and safety was performed.

Results:
Among 214 patients with common bile duct stones, 210 were treated with LERV and 4 with open rendezvous approach. Intraoperative cholangiography confirmed common bile duct stones in 179 patients (85.2%) or sludge in 18 (8.5%) and in 98.9% stone clearance was obtained endoscopically. Endoscopic papilla cannulation was feasible in 161 patients (76.7%), whereas in 49 (23.3%) a transcystic guidewire was needed. The overall LERV feasibility was 96.6%. The conversion rate to open surgery was 3.3%. Minor morbidity was observed in 1.9% of cases, mortality in 0.47%, and the mean hospital stay was 4.3 days.

Conclusions:
These results confirm the high effectiveness of LERV. This approach to treat cholecystocholedocholithiasis should be preferred and therefore implemented where a strong collaboration between surgeons and endoscopists is possible.