bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Massive pleural effusion on the contralateral side of a venous peripherally inserted central catheter
Authors: Sancak Selim , Tuten Abdulhamit , Yildirim Tulin Gokmen , Karatekin Guner 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTA preterm newborn infant, delivered at 30 weeks of gestation and 965 g birth weight, developed respiratory distress with resistant hypoxia after a central catheter line was inserted via the right venae brachialis on postnatal day 21. Left‐sided massive pleural effusion, collapsed left lung with air bronchograms, and bidirectional shunting through reopened ductus arteriosus were detected by targeted neonatal echocardiography. Hydrothorax was drained under sonographic guidance, producing a milky‐white fluid biochemically compatible with parenteral nutrition. We report this case of hydrothorax secondary to a misplaced central catheter on the contralateral side of its peripheral insertion. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 46:140–144, 2018
Energy dispersive spectroscopy‐scanning transmission electron microscope observations of free radical production in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes phagocytosing non‐opsonized Tannerella forsythia
Authors: Moriguchi Keiichi , Hasegawa Yoshiaki , Higuchi Naoya , Murakami Yukitaka , Yoshimura Fuminobu , Nakata Kazuhiko , Honda Masaki 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe investigated the association between human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and non‐opsonized Tannerella forsythia ATCC 43037 displaying a serum‐resistant surface layer (S‐layer). When PMNs were mixed with T. forsythia in suspension, the cells phagocytosed T. forsythia cells. Nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction, indicative of
production, was observed by light microscopy; cerium (Ce) perhydroxide deposition, indicative of H2O2 production, was observed by electron microscopy. We examined the relationship between high‐molecular‐weight proteins of the S‐layer and Ce reaction (for T. forsythia phagocytosis) using electron microscopic immunolabeling. Immunogold particles were localized within the PMNs and on cell surfaces, labelling at the same Ce‐reacted sites where the S‐layer was present. We then used energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)‐scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) to perform Ce and nitrogen (N) (for S‐layer immunocytochemistry) elemental analysis on the phagocytosed cells. That is, the elemental mapping and analysis of N by EDS appeared to reflect the presence of the same moieties detected by the 3,3′‐diaminobenzidine‐tetrahydrochloride (DAB) reaction with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)‐conjugated secondary antibodies, instead of immunogold labeling. We focused on the use of EDS‐STEM to visualize the presence of N resulting from the DAB reaction. In a parallel set of experiments, we used EDS‐STEM to perform Ce and gold (Au; from immunogold labeling of the S‐layer) elemental analysis on the same phagocytosing cells.
Climate classification through recursive multivariate statistical inferences: a case study of the Athabasca River Basin, Canada
Authors: Cheng Guanhui , Huang Guohe , Dong Cong , Zhou Xiong , Zhu Jinxin , Xu Ye 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTIn this study, a recursive dissimilarity and similarity inferential climate classification (ReDSICC) approach is developed to provide an alternative tool for climate classification. Based on incorporation of a discrete distribution transformation (DDT) method and integration of advanced statistical inferential methods, a recursive framework of dissimilarity and similarity inferences is proposed for stepwise grouping multi‐dimensional climate‐variable observations. ReDSICC is capable of eliminating the restriction of samples being normally distributed, enabling classification of regional climates under data uncertainties and multivariate dependencies, identifying the most desired climate classification result, and avoiding subjective judgments in the classification process. To verify methodological effectiveness and facilitate related studies, ReDSICC is applied to climate classification in the Athabasca River Basin (ARB), Canada. It is revealed that the complicated dissimilarities and similarities of climatic conditions among all grids over the ARB are effectively reflected in the results of ReDSICC. A reversible transformation between an abnormal distribution and a normal distribution is achieved by DDT. The effectiveness of climate classification which is represented as the Nash coefficient for climatic features over any grid and the corresponding climate class is decreased if DDT is not employed. In comparison with daily minimum temperature, the spatial heterogeneity of daily maximum temperature is higher while that of daily cumulative precipitation is lower over the ARB. The classification result of ReDSICC varies with changes of representative climate variables and parameter values. These advantages and revelations are helpful for enhancing the reliability of climate classification results, improving the effectiveness of existing climate classification methods, and providing scientific support for the related studies in the ARB or neighbouring regions.
Structure Formation of Binary Blends of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers in Solution and in Bulk
Authors: Radjabian Maryam , Abetz Clarissa , Fischer Birgit , Meyer Andreas , Lademann Brigitte , Abetz Volker 
Published: April 2017

The self‐assembly and structure formation in binary blends of asymmetric polystyrene‐block‐poly(4‐vinylpyridine) diblock copolymers in different solvent systems and the bulk morphology of the blend films are studied by using dynamic light scattering, small‐angle X‐ray scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. In dilute solutions, the chains of pure diblock copolymers or binary blends of diblock copolymers having similar or different molecular weights remain as unimers, form common micelles in selective solvents or form unimers in coexistence with micelles in slightly selective solvents or solvent mixtures. The blends show mixing of the chemically similar blocks in the blend films and solutions at high concentrations. A single‐phase with common spherical morphology is formed in the blend films similar with the morphology of the individual components in the pure state. The characteristic length scale of the blends depends on the number average molecular weight following the typical scaling behavior of a strongly segregated block copolymer.
image
Dynamics of Branched Polymers in Random Layered Flows with Intramolecular Hydrodynamic Coupling: Star and Dendrimer
Authors: Katyal Divya , Kant Rama 
Published: April 2017

The authors develop a theoretical formalism to incorporate the effect of intramolecular hydrodynamic interactions (HIs) on the dynamics of flexible branched polymer in the presence of random layered flows. The influence of HIs on the anomalous diffusive behavior of branched polymers is illustrated through the preaveraged Oseen tensor approach. Although the formalism is valid for polymer structures with arbitrary topology, particular attention is paid here to the study of stars and dendrimers. The macromolecular property that is evaluated is the average square displacement (ASD) of drift center of the polymer. Qualitatively, our analysis highlights two anomalous power‐law regimes, viz. subdiffusive (intermediate‐time polymer stretching and flow induced diffusion) and superdiffusive (long‐time flow induced diffusion). The time dependence of the ASD in the presence of HIs within the preaveraging approximation reveals the anomalous long‐time dynamics which is governed by scaling behavior, t2 − α/2. The introduction of HIs in random flows speeds up the dynamics resulting in the shorter crossover time (from subdiffusive to superdiffusive regime) with enhanced magnitude of ASD compared to the free‐draining limit.
image
Linear stability analysis of short journal bearing with an axial groove
Authors: Hamdavi S. , Rao T. V. V. L. N. , Muhammad M. , Faez K. M. , Ya H. H. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of one axial groove at the inlet of full film bearing surface on dynamic coefficients and linear stability of rotor‐bearing systems supported by two short journal bearings. The DuBois‐Ocvirk short bearing approximation is applied to the governing Reynolds equation. The linearized nondimensional dynamic coefficients of stiffness and damping are calculated for both plain and grooved journal bearings. Moreover, using the linear stability analysis, the whirl frequency ratio and the threshold speed are obtained. Finally, results are presented for various eccentricity ratios, groove depth, and groove width a slenderness ratio of L/D=0.25. The results appeal that dynamic coefficients are mostly affected significantly at low eccentricity ratio regions. In sequence, one axial groove causes a remarkable deviation in the values of threshold speed and whirl frequency ratio.
Numerical simulation on friction drilling of aluminum alloy
Authors: Dehghan S. , Ismail M. I. S. , Ariffin M. K. A. , Baharudin B. T. H. T. , Sulaiman S. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFriction drilling is a chipless hole‐making process that utilizes a rotating conical drilling tool to penetrate and create a hole and bushing without generating chip. This process is still not widely used even though it has many significant advantages. There are unanswered questions in finite element models to analyze the stress, temperature and large deformation of the workpiece and to predict the drilled hole and formation of bushing. With modern computing technologies the numerical simulation has proven to be an effective tool for this issue. In the present study, a three‐dimensional finite element model (FEM) has been developed to simulate the stress, plastic strain and temperature distribution in friction drilling of aluminum alloy. The friction drilling process was experimentally conducted using a drilling tool without flutes. The numerical results indicated that high stress occurs at the tool contact surface and adjacent region in the primary penetration. It was confirmed that the distribution of stress and temperature demonstrate the phenomenon of friction heat and softens the work‐material in friction drilling. The numerical simulated results have proven that the developed finite element model is effective to predict stress evolutions and thermal histories in friction drilling of non‐ferrous material.
In–plane shear properties of basalt–carbon/epoxy hybrid composite laminates
Authors: Mengal A. N. , Karuppanan S. , Ovinis M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn this work, the in‐plane shear properties of basalt‐carbon/epoxy hybrid composite laminates is investigated. The composite laminates were fabricated using the hand layup method. Six symmetrical lamination stacking sequences ([02C/±45B/0B]S, [02C/0B/±45B]S, [02C/±452B]S, [0B/±45B/02C]S, [±45B/0B/02C]S, [±452B/02C]S) with eight layers of unidirectional 0 ° and biaxial ±45 ° were selected for the current study. One eight‐layered unidirectional 0o fiber layup of pure carbon fiber and one eight‐layered unidirectional 0o fiber layup of pure basalt fiber were used as a reference. The in‐plane shear strength of the composite laminates were determined experimentally according to the ASTM D7078 standard. The hybridization of basalt fiber and carbon fiber showed significant improvement in the in‐plane shear strength and modulus of rigidity. The failure of the composite laminates was examined using the ASTM D7078 standard failure codes. Hybrid composite laminates C2 and B2, i. e. for [02C/±45B/0B]S and [0B/±45B/02C]S, respectively had the highest in‐plane shear strength while pure carbon C1 and pure basalt B1 with [08C] and [08B], respectively had the lowest shear strength.
Shear deformation behavior of hybrid composite (GFRP/CFRP)
Authors: Ghani A.F. Ab , Mahmud J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis paper presents the findings of shear deformation and behavior of hybrid composites consisting of unidirectional glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) under shear loading. The use of hybrid composites for aeronautic and marine applications which improve the modulus of elasticity of glass fiber reinforced polymer while reducing costs of carbon has motivated the study on shear for hybrid composites. Several tests of 10 ° and 45 ° off axis shear have been performed to characterize shear deformation of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer, unidirectional glass fiber reinforced polymer and three different orientations and layups of glass fiber reinforced polymer/carbon fiber reinforced polymer hybrid composite. The shear strain measurements have been conducted with the conventional method of rosette strain gauge and with digital image correlation (DIC) technique using the opensource platform Ncorr. The values of shear modulus obtained from experiment for glass fiber reinforced polymer and carbon fiber reinforced polymer are quite close with the manufacturers’ data sheet while the improvement of the shear modulus of the hybrid corresponds to the amount of carbon content in hybrid composition, similar to literature findings. Shear strain values measured for off axis shear test using rosette strain gauge are consistent with the results from digital image correlation technique but slightly differ with each other for hybrid composites due to full field measurement contour and complex shear deformation behavior for hybrid composite.
Age‐related effect of cell death on fiber morphology and number in tongue muscle
Authors: Kletzien Heidi , Hare Allison J. , Leverson Glen , Connor Nadine P. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Multiple pathways may exist for age‐related tongue muscle degeneration. Cell death is one mechanism contributing to muscle atrophy and decreased function. We hypothesized with aging, apoptosis, and apoptotic regulators would be increased, and muscle fiber size and number would be reduced in extrinsic tongue muscles. Methods: Cell death indices, expression of caspase‐3 and Bcl‐2, and measures of muscle morphology and number were determined in extrinsic tongue muscles of young and old rats. Results: Significant increases in cell death, caspase‐3, and Bcl‐2 were observed in all extrinsic tongue muscles along with reductions in muscle fiber number in old rats. Discussion: We demonstrated that apoptosis indices increase with age in lingual muscles and that alterations in apoptotic regulators may be associated with age‐related degeneration in muscle fiber size and number. These observed apoptotic processes may be detrimental to muscle function, and may contribute to degradation of cranial functions with age. Muscle Nerve 57: E29–E37, 2018
Motor polyradiculopathy during pembrolizumab treatment of metastatic melanoma
Authors: Sepúlveda Maria , Martinez‐Hernandez Eugenia , Gaba Lydia , Victoria Ivan , Sola‐Valls Nuria , Falgàs Neus , Casanova‐Molla Jordi , Graus Francesc 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionPembrolizumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the immune checkpoint programmed cell death‐1 receptor (PD‐1), has improved survival in patients with advanced melanoma. Neuromuscular immune‐mediated side effects have been rarely reported.MethodsWe describe a 44‐year‐old man with metastatic melanoma who presented with progressive muscle weakness after 23 doses of pembrolizumab.ResultsThe patient developed asymmetric, proximal muscle weakness and atrophy in all four limbs. Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed albuminocytologic dissociation. MRI revealed contrast enhancement of the lumbosacral roots. Electrodiagnostic studies demonstrated widespread fibrillation potentials in all four limbs, suggesting a generalized motor polyradiculopathy. Despite pembrolizumab discontinuation and treatment with steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin, limb weakness worsened. Electrodiagnostic studies were repeated, and showed marked and diffuse axonal motor damage. Seven weeks after clinical onset the patient was treated with plasma exchanges. He showed no further deterioration.DiscussionWe report a severe motor polyradiculopathy associated with an anti‐PD‐1 agent that expands the spectrum of neuromuscular complications of this class of drugs. Muscle Nerve 56: E162–E167, 2017
Coadministration of lorcaserin and phentermine for weight management: A 12‐week, randomized, pilot safety study
Authors: Smith Steven R. , Garvey W. Timothy , Greenway Frank L. , Zhou Sharon , Fain Randi , Pilson Robert , Fujioka Ken , Aronne Louis J. 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveTo assess the short‐term tolerability of lorcaserin alone or with two dose regimens of phentermine.MethodsThis was a 12‐week, randomized, double‐blind, pilot safety study of N = 238 nondiabetic patients with obesity or overweight with ≥1 comorbidity randomized to lorcaserin 10 mg twice daily (BID; LOR BID) alone or with phentermine 15 mg once daily (QD; LOR BID+PHEN QD) or 15 mg twice daily (LOR BID+PHEN BID). Patients reporting ≥ 1 of 9 potentially serotonergic adverse events (AEs), mean weight loss (WL), and ≥5% WL are reported.ResultsN = 238 were randomized, and N = 235 were treated. N = 94 reported potentially serotonergic AEs: 37.2% LOR BID, 42.3% LOR BID+PHEN QD, and 40.5% LOR BID+PHEN BID. AEs leading to discontinuation were reported approximately twice as often in the LOR BID+PHEN BID group versus the LOR BID group. Mean WL was 3.5 kg/3.3%, 7.0 kg/6.7%, and 7.6 kg/7.2% for LOR BID, LOR BID+PHEN QD, and LOR BID+PHEN BID, respectively. At least 5% WL was achieved by 28.2% LOR BID, 59.0% LOR BID+PHEN QD (P = 0.0002 vs. LOR BID), and 70.9% LOR BID+PHEN BID (P < 0.0001 vs. LOR BID) patients.ConclusionsPhentermine added to lorcaserin enhanced short‐term weight loss but did not increase incidence of potentially serotonergic AEs; however, phentermine twice daily increased discontinuation compared to both lorcaserin alone and lorcaserin plus phentermine once daily.
Image‐defined risk factors in unresectable neuroblastoma: SIOPEN study on incidence, chemotherapy‐induced variation, and impact on surgical outcomes
Authors: Avanzini Stefano , Pio Luca , Erminio Giovanni , Granata Claudio , Holmes Keith , Gambart Marion , Buffa Piero , Castel Victoria , Valteau Couanet Dominique , Garaventa Alberto , Pistorio Angela , Cecchetto Giovanni , Martucciello Giuseppe , Mattioli Girolamo , Sarnacki Sabine 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the impact of image‐defined risk factor (IDRF) modification after chemotherapy on surgical outcomes, event‐free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS) among patients enrolled in the European Unresectable Neuroblastoma (EUNB) study.MethodsIDRFs were assigned according to the corresponding surgical risk factors list reported in the database. Surgical outcomes, EFS, and OS were related to IDRF modification with chemotherapy. The predictive value of preoperative IDRF for surgical outcomes was analyzed. Cox proportional hazards models for EFS and OS, including preoperative IDRF, surgical outcomes, and other known clinical risk factors, were created.ResultsOf the 160 patients enrolled in the EUNB study, 143 patients met the inclusion criteria. A total of 228 IDRF were thus collected. Following chemotherapy, 76 (33%) IDRF disappeared in 32.2% of patients, 33 (14%) new IDRF appeared in 18.8% of patients, and 49% of patients did not show any IDRF change. Complete resection/minimal residual disease (71.2%) was more frequent among children who had disappearance/numerical reduction of IDRF (P = 0.005). Infiltration of the branches of the mesenteric artery was predictive of an unfavorable surgical outcome. Prolonged preoperative chemotherapy over five courses and encasement of the celiac axis and/or mesenteric artery origin impacted EFS and OS.ConclusionsThe unchanged IDRF pattern in 50% of patients and the appearance of new IDRF during chemotherapy in approximately 20% of patients strengthens the idea that prolonged chemotherapy is useless for improving surgical resection in this population of patients. In addition, midline perivascular abdominal preoperative IDRF appeared to be predictive not only of surgical outcomes but also of EFS and OS.
Transesophageal bronchoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (EUS‐B‐FNA)—Pushing the boundaries in the diagnosis
Authors: Mehta Ravindra , Biraris Pavan , Shivakumar Swarna , Misra Seema , Anoop Parameswaran , T Srikanta J 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIsolated mediastinal adenopathy is a diagnostic challenge in the paediatric population, often requiring invasive surgical procedures for diagnosis. We describe a novel minimally invasive modality in a 20 month toddler—transesophageal bronchoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (EUS‐B‐FNA). This is the youngest reported use of this modality, highlighting feasibility, technical issues, safety, and rapid diagnosis leading to expedited treatment.
Unnoticed aspiration of palate plate impression material in a neonate: Diagnosis, therapy, outcome
Authors: Reichert Friedrich , Amrhein Peter , Uhlemann Frank 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA 7 week old infant was admitted with respiratory failure. Chest X‐ray showed an atelectatic right upper lobe, herniation of right middle and lower lobe into the left thorax, and compression‐atelectasis of the left lung. Thoracic CT showed complete occlusion of the right superior bronchus with a radiopaque foreign material. Six weeks prior, an impression for a palate plate using polyvinylsiloxane was taken. The material was removed with a rigid endoscopy, in readiness of extracorporeal oxygenation in case of tracheal obstruction or bronchial rupture. After 4 months of follow‐up a hyper reactive airway with recurrent upper and lower airway infections remains.
Production, characterization, and assessment of a stable analog of the response regulator CheY‐phosphate from Thermotoga maritima
Authors: Beyersdorf Matthew S. , Sircar Ria , Lookadoo Daniel B. , Bottone Cory J. , Lynch Michael J. , Crane Brian R. , Halkides Christopher J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPhosphorylation of CheY promotes association with the flagellar motor and ultimately controls the directional bias of the motor. However, biochemical studies of activated CheY‐phosphate have been challenging due to the rapid hydrolysis of the aspartyl‐phosphate in vitro. An inert analog of Tm CheY‐phosphate, phosphono‐CheY, was synthesized by chemical modification and purified by cation‐exchange chromatography. Changes in HPLC retention times, chemical assays for phosphate and free thiol, and mass spectrometry experiments demonstrate modification of Cys54 with a phosphonomethyl group. Additionally, a crystal structure showed electron density for the phosphonomethyl group at Cys54, consistent with a modification at that position. Subsequent biochemical experiments confirmed that protein crystals were phosphono‐CheY. Isothermal titration calorimetry and fluorescence polarization binding assays demonstrated that phosphono‐CheY bound a peptide derived from FliM, a native partner of CheY‐phosphate, with a dissociation constant of ∼29 µM, at least sixfold more tightly than unmodified CheY. Taken together these results suggest that Tm phosphono‐CheY is a useful and unique analog of Tm CheY‐phosphate.
The “bound wavefunction” on the repulsive excited () state of the HD+ molecule
Authors: Gao Wei , Wang Bin‐Bin , Hu Xue‐Jin , Han Yong‐Chang 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe time‐independent Schrödinger equation for the HD+ molecule is solved beyond the Born–Oppenheimer (B‐O) approximation. In the adiabatic representation, the wavefunction of the ground vibrational eigenstate is found to contain two parts: One is on the ground
(
) state which is dominant, and the other is on the repulsive excited
(
) state in the range from R = 0.0 to R = 5.0 Bohr. This is because the nonadiabatic coupling between the ground
(
) and excited
(
) states is strong in that region. The influences of the nonadiabatic coupling on the vibrational eigenfunctions are discussed in detail.