bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Delay-Sensitive and Delay-Insensitive Computed Tomography Perfusion Methods in Acute Ischemic Stroke and Their Variability According to Location of Critical Vascular Stenosis
Authors: Karaalioglu Banu , Aralasmak Ayse , Toprak Huseyin , Kolukisa Mehmet , Uysal Omer , Yildiz Seyma , Ozdemir Huseyin , Alkan Alpay 
Published: August 2017

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate visual and quantitative differences of delay-sensitive (singular value deconvolution [SVD]) and delay-insensitive (SVD+) computed tomography perfusion (CTP) postprocessing methods in acute ischemic stroke patients and their variability according to location of critical stenosis.

Methods
The CTPs of 45 patients were retrospectively processed with 2 different methods. Comparing with the contralateral normal hemisphere, relative and difference of metrics were calculated (relative cerebral blood volume, relative cerebral blood flow [rCBF], relative mean transite time [rMTT], and difference mean transite time [dMTT]). Patients were categorized into 5 groups according to superiority in visual assessment of penumbra between postprocessing methods. Locations of critical stenosis and their percentages in each group were identified and compared.

Results
Differences were formulated as (rCBF/1.4, rMTT × 1.4, dMTT/3.8) SVD = (rCBF, rMTT, dMTT) SVD+. In group 1, penumbra was noted in SVD, whereas pseudohyperperfusion was noted in SVD+. In groups 2 and 3, penumbra was better distinguished in SVD than in SVD+ in decreasing easiness, respectively. In group 4, penumbra assessment was similar in both. In group 5, penumbra was better distinguished in SVD+. Groups 1 and 5 were the groups in which the frequency of critical distal stenosis was 100%. Groups 2, 3, and 4 were the groups having high rates of proximal critical stenosis in decreasing proportions, respectively (90%, 87%, and 77%).

Conclusions
In both CTP methods, the most prominent difference was found in dMTT. Visually, penumbra was better distinguished by SVD in proximal critical stenosis, whereas was better distinguished by SVD+ in distal critical stenosis. In cases having both ipsilateral critical proximal and distal stenoses, penumbra was noted in SVD but pseudohyperperfusion in SVD+. This finding showed that extraction of contrast delay in the SVD+ method might cause false results in cases of ipsilateral critical proximal and distal stenoses.
Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Versus Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Comparison of the Diagnostic Performance of Perfusion-Related Parameters in Breast
Authors: Jiang Lei , Lu Xu , Hua Bin , Gao Jiayin , Zheng Dandan , Zhou Yiming 
Published: August 2017

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of the perfusion-related parameters of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging for breast lesions, compared with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE MRI).

Methods
Fifty-nine patients with both IVIM imaging and subsequent DCE MRI were enrolled. Perfusion-related parameters of IVIM imaging (perfusion fraction, f; pseudo–diffusion coefficient, D*), as well as model-based and model-free parameters of DCE MRI, were measured. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and correlations between the IVIM and DCE MRI parameters were performed.

Results
Thirty-one malignant and 35 benign lesions were pathologically proved. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) of D* plus f (AUC
f+D*) was 0.834. The combined AUC of all model-based DCE MRI parameters (AUCmodel-based) was 0.904. The combined AUC of all model-free DCE MRI parameters (AUCmodel-free) was 0.876. AUC
f+D* had no significant difference with either AUCmodel-based or AUCmodel-free. No significant correlation was found between f or D* and DCE-derived parameters.

Conclusions
Intravoxel incoherent motion imaging has the same value in differentiating malignant and benign breast lesions, compared with DCE MRI, in terms of perfusion-related parameters.
An orphancbb3-type cytochrome oxidase subunit supportsPseudomonas aeruginosabiofilm growth and virulence
Authors: Jo Jeanyoung , Cortez Krista L. , Cornell William C. , Price-Whelan Alexa , Dietrich Lars E.P. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTHypoxia is a common challenge faced by bacteria during associations with hosts due in part to the formation of densely packed communities (biofilms).cbb3-type cytochromecoxidases, which catalyze the terminal step in respiration and have a high affinity for oxygen, have been linked to bacterial pathogenesis. The pseudomonads are unusual in that they often contain multiple full and partial (i.e., “orphan”) operons forcbb3-type oxidases and oxidase subunits. Here, we describe a unique role for the orphan catalytic subunit CcoN4 in colony biofilm development and respiration in the opportunistic pathogenP. aeruginosaPA14. We also show that CcoN4 contributes to the reduction of phenazines, antibiotics that support redox balancing for cells in biofilms, and to virulence in aCaenorhabditis elegansmodel of infection. These results highlight the relevance of the colony biofilm model to pathogenicity and underscore the potential ofcbb3-type oxidases as therapeutic targets.
Evaluating anthropogenic noise impacts on animals in natural areas
Authors: Keyel Alexander C. , Reed Sarah E. , Nuessly Kathryn , Cinto-Mejia Elizeth , Barber Jesse R. , Wittemyer George 
Published: August 2017

SummaryNoise pollution is detrimental to a diversity of animal species and degrades natural areas, raising concern over the expanding footprint of anthropogenic noise on ecosystems. To guide management of noise sources, modeling tools have been developed to quantify noise levels across landscapes.We demonstrate how to model anthropogenic noise using sound propagation models, including noise from point, line, and polygon sources. In addition, we demonstrate three ways of evaluating spatially-explicit noise impacts, by identifying where noise 1) exceeds a sound level threshold, 2) is audible, or 3) has the potential to mask species communications. Finally, we examine approaches to mitigate these noise impacts on animal species.Noise sources in locations more favorable to sound propagation (e.g., locations with long, unobstructed lines-of-sight) will have a disproportionate impact on the surrounding area. We demonstrate how propagation models can identify sites with smaller acoustic footprints or sites that would benefit from additional noise-control measures.Modeling decisions, such as choice of sound propagation model, sound source information, and the quality of the input data, strongly influence the accuracy of model predictions. These decisions can be guided by comparing model predictions to empirical data when it is available.Synthesis and applications: Here, we demonstrate an approach for modeling and assessing anthropogenic noise sources across a landscape. Our versatile approach allows refining propagation outputs for species-specific questions as well as the quantitative evaluation of management alternatives. While the results are presented in the context of particular species, these approaches can be applied more generally to a wide range of taxa or used for multispecies assessments.
Functional histamine H3and adenosine A2Areceptor heteromers in recombinant cells and rat striatum
Authors: Márquez-Gómez Ricardo , Gutiérrez-Rodelo Citlaly , Robins Meridith T. , Arias Juan-Manuel , Olivares-Reyes Jesús-Alberto , van Rijn Richard M. , Arias-Montaño José-Antonio 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn the striatum, histamine H3receptors (H3Rs) are co-expressed with adenosine A2Areceptors (A2ARs) in the cortico-striatal glutamatergic afferents and the GABAergic medium-sized spiny neurons that originate the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia. This location allows H3Rs and A2ARs to regulate the striatal GABAergic and glutamatergic transmission. However, whether these receptors interact to modulate the intra-striatal synaptic transmission has not yet been assessed. To test this hypothesis a heteromer-selectivein vitroassay was used to detect functional complementation between a chimeric A2AR302-Gαqi4and wild-type H3Rs in transfected HEK-293 cells. H3R activation with the agonist RAMH resulted in Ca2+mobilization (pEC507.31 ± 0.23; maximal stimulation, Emax 449 ± 25 % of basal) indicative of receptor heterodimerization. This response was not observed with histamine, suggesting a RAMH bias for heteromers. Functional A2AR-H3R heteromers were confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and observations of differential cAMP signaling when both receptors were co-expressed in the same cell. In membranes from rat striatal synaptosomes, H3R activation decreased A2AR affinity for the agonist CGS-21680 (pKi values 8.10 ± 0.04 and 7.70 ± 0.04). Moreover, H3Rs and A2ARs co-immunoprecipitated in protein extracts from striatal synaptosomes. These results support the existence of a H3R/A2AR heteromer, and reveal a new mechanism by which these receptors may modulate the unction of the striatum and the basal ganglia.
Heterogeneity and Intrinsic Variation in Spatial Genome Organization
Authors: Finn Elizabeth H. , Pegoraro Gianluca , Brandão Hugo B. , Valton Anne-Laure , Oomen Marlies E. , Dekker Job , Mirny Leonid , Misteli Tom 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe genome is hierarchically organized in 3D space and its architecture is altered in differentiation, development and disease. Some of the general principles that determine global 3D genome organization have been established. However, the extent and nature of cell-to-cell and cell-intrinsic variability in genome architecture are poorly characterized. Here, we systematically probe the heterogeneity in genome organization in human fibroblasts by combining high-resolution Hi-C datasets and high-throughput genome imaging. Optical mapping of several hundred genome interaction pairs at the single cell level demonstrates low steady-state frequencies of colocalization in the population and independent behavior of individual alleles in single nuclei. Association frequencies are determined by genomic distance, higher-order chromatin architecture and chromatin environment. These observations reveal extensive variability and heterogeneity in genome organization at the level of single cells and alleles and they demonstrate the coexistence of a broad spectrum of chromatin and genome conformations in a cell population.
Heterologous expression of the immune receptorEFRinMedicago truncatulareduces pathogenic infection, but not rhizobial symbiosis
Authors: Pfeilmeier Sebastian , George Jeoffrey , Morel Alice , Roy Sonali , Smoker Matthew , Stransfeld Lena , Downie J. Allan , Peeters Nemo , Malone Jacob G. , Zipfel Cyril 
Published: August 2017

AbstractInterfamily transfer of plant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) represents a promising biotechnological approach to engineer broad-spectrum, and potentially durable, disease resistance in crops. It is however unclear whether new recognition specificities to given pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) affect the interaction of the recipient plant with beneficial microbes. To test this in a direct reductionist approach, we transferred theBrassicaceae-specific PRR ELONGATION FACTOR-THERMO UNSTABLE RECEPTOR (EFR) fromArabidopsis thalianato the legumeMedicago truncatula, conferring recognition of the bacterial EF-Tu protein. ConstitutiveEFRexpression led to EFR accumulation and activation of immune responses upon treatment with the EF-Tu-derived elf18 peptide in leaves and roots. The interaction ofM. truncatulawith the bacterial symbiontSinorhizobium melilotiis characterized by the formation of root nodules that fix atmospheric nitrogen. Although nodule numbers were slightly reduced at an early stage of the infection inEFR-Medicagowhen compared to control lines, nodulation was similar in all lines at later stages. Furthermore, nodule colonization by rhizobia, and nitrogen fixation were not compromised byEFRexpression. Importantly, theM. truncatulalines expressingEFRwere substantially more resistant to the root bacterial pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. Our data suggest that the transfer of EFR toM. truncatuladoes not impede root nodule symbiosis, but has a positive impact on disease resistance against a bacterial pathogen. In addition, our results indicate thatRhizobiumcan either avoid PAMP recognition during the infection process, or is able to actively suppress immune signaling.Significance StatementCrop engineering helps reducing the economic and environmental costs of plant disease. The genetic transfer of immune receptors across plant species is a promising biotechnological approach to increase disease resistance. Surface-localized pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), which detect conserved characteristic microbial features, are functional in heterologous taxonomically-diverse plant species, and confer broad-spectrum disease resistance. It was unclear whether PRR transfer negatively impacts the association of the recipient plants with symbiotic microbes. Here, we show that a legume engineered with a novel PRR recognizing a conserved bacterial protein becomes more resistant to an important bacterial pathogen without significant impact on nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with rhizobia. This finding is of particular relevance as attempts to transfer this important symbiosis into non-legume plants are ongoing.
Customer orientation as a psychological construct: evidence from Indian B-B salespeople
Authors: Johlke Mark C. , Iyer Rajesh 
Published: August 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to extend Zablahet al.’s (2012) findings regarding the proper way to treat customer orientation (CO) to the study of CO among B-B salespeople in one of the most important emerging economies, India.Design/methodology/approachThe authors of this study hired a professional market research firm based in Chennai, a large metropolitan city in Southern India, to manage data collection. The authors used a competing models approach to test the relationship between constructs.FindingsCO among frontline employees operating in one of the largest emerging economies is best treated as a psychological construct that is both directly and indirectly related to performance via its ability to reduce stress and improve engagement. This finding strengthens the view of CO as a universal human work value and, more broadly, that such values operating across different cultural setting do exist. In addition, external customer mindset appears to offer a superior means to measure CO than does the widely used CO component of the SOCO scale. This conclusion is based not only upon the fact that it conceptually corresponds with the psychological nature of CO, but also that in this initial examination it exhibits a greater ability to explain employee job performance.Originality/valueManagers who are able to screen and hire employees with greater CO work values should experience improved performance outcomes and also less customer ambiguity and greater satisfaction among their frontline employees. Since CO proscribes the proper way to deal with customers, greater levels of CO beliefs would counteract customer ambiguity among frontline employees operating in any environment. Accordingly, when filling frontline positions, managers should actively seek out employees who earnestly embrace the role of taking care of customers. Managers are advised to not only emphasize on salespeople whose foremost role is to take care of their customers but also to find ways to familiarize them with their products and to provide them with information regarding customer characteristics such as their background, the relationship history (especially past service and product failures), and unique preferences.
Rosarium – a text encoding project curating popular writing on roses online
Authors: Tryon Julia Rachel 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The aim of this paper is to describe the Rosarium Project which is currently curating nonfiction materials about the genus Rosa written at the turn of the twentieth century and published in popular American periodicals. This is achieved by encoding the texts following the guidelines set forth by the Text Encoding Initiative Consortium (TEI).

Design/methodology/approach
This paper explains what text encoding is and why following the guidelines set forth by the TEI Consortium was the best choice for the Rosarium Project. It then goes on to outline the workflow and choices made by the principal researcher which are needed to move the project steadily forward.

Findings
The principal researcher on the Rosarium Project has found that encoding with the TEI was easy to learn and fun to do, as well as intellectually stimulating. Librarians should find text-encoding projects of their own specialist subjects equally doable.

Originality/value
The Rosarium Project is unique, in that it is curating early twentieth century articles on the subject of roses that appeared in popular magazines. These materials are hidden away in online repositories and libraries worldwide. This project is of value, in that it provides primary sources to researchers in areas of popular culture, horticulture and garden history and also acts as an example of what librarians can contribute to the Digital Humanities.
Structural relationship between emotional and social support for young adult carers towards intergenerational care of the multi-ethnic elderly
Authors: Md. Nawi Nurul Hudani , Megat Ahmad Puteri Hayati , Malek Dahlan A. , Cosmas Getrude , Ibrahim Habibie , Voo Peter , Mohd Suki Norazah 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the structural relationship between the emotional and social support provided for individuals with caring responsibilities for elderly relatives, and the quality of care actually delivered. In addition, the moderating role of gender is explored.

Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative research design was utilised in which 200 usable questionnaires were collected from 250 respondents comprised of young adults who adopt a caregiving roles in respect of elderly parents or other close elderly relatives. The structural equation modelling (SEM) technique was selected for data analysis, and the Analysis of moment structure software version 21 was used.

Findings
The SEM results revealed that emotional support for caregivers was the most important predictor affecting the intergenerational care of multi-ethnic elderly people. Additionally, a moderation analysis revealed that the relative influence in this connection was more pronounced among female caregivers. An increase in the emotional support received by the recipient was found to enhance the level of the relationship, and to result in closer intergenerational ties in the care of the multi-ethnic elderly. Furthermore, the receipt of social support positively influences the judgement of an individual, and expands that person’s social network, which can subsequently have a favourable impact on the way in which one fulfils their caring role. The significant effect of social support provided for intergenerational caregivers in the context of the multi-ethnic elderly was higher in the group of male caregivers than in the group of female caregivers.

Practical implications
This study sends a strong message to policy-makers in developing countries about the need to consider within their National Policy for the Elderly, improvements in the national action plan for a holistic and integrated approach to ensure the well-being of caregivers and the elderly.

Originality/value
The results of the study help young adults to understand the importance of emotional and social support in boosting their relationships with parents and families and motivating intergenerational efforts in the care of the multi-ethnic elderly. Harmony within families is an important ideal in any circumstance, but in the scenario of ageing family members it may be even more essential to try to achieve it.
Transit accessibility for older adults in the Greater Lansing, Michigan region
Authors: Kotval-K Zeenat 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
With the growing preference of the generation of ageing baby boomers to age in place, mobility has played an increasingly important role in their continued physical and mental well-being. As older adults drive less, their ability to travel freely where and when they desire becomes increasingly limited. Consequences of this include the cessation of various activities and services that are necessary for daily living. Transportation immobility is known to negatively impact the quality of life through physical, mental, and social isolation. For any initiative or policy to be put in place, an assessment of the current state of transportation services, specifically for older adults, needs to be carried out. The purpose of this paper is to assess the access to public transit in the Greater Lansing, Michigan region, which has a population density of about 2,042 people per square kilometre, available to ageing adults, especially when they have to stop driving.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses a spatial approach through the use of geographical information systems to assess the transit infrastructure available for use by older adults in the Greater Lansing region.

Findings
This paper finds a considerable gap in available options and that some of these can be addressed by quite simple actions and initiatives.

Research limitations/implications
Because the data were drawn from the US Census, the spatial analysis is limited to block-level data. The US Census (2011) defines blocks as “statistical areas bounded by visible features such as roads, streams, and railroad tracks, and by nonvisible boundaries such as property lines, city, township, school district, county limits and short line-of-sight extensions of roads”. More detailed geographical data would have enabled a more comprehensive analysis.

Practical implications
This study area is typical of many small towns in the USA and underlines the need for more policy- and community-led transit initiatives to address this critical barrier to optimal ageing.

Originality/value
This paper fulfils an identified need to study the transit infrastructure of a range of urban areas and ascertain whether it currently fulfils mobility needs of older adults who do not drive.
Sponsor networks and business relations orchestrated by team sports clubs
Authors: Wagner Ulrik , Persson H. Thomas R. , Overbye Marie 
Published: August 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate firms’ reasons and motives for becoming sponsors and how they benefit from this networking engagement by exploring sponsorship networks associated with two Danish team sport clubs – a Premier League football club and a second-division handball club.Design/methodology/approachTwo online surveys were conducted with firms associated with the networks during the Autumn and Winter of 2013/2014 (n=116). The questionnaire was theoretically anchored in the existing sponsorship literature, business network research, and social capital theory.FindingsThe results show that business logics were the dominating reasons for joining the network. A large proportion of the respondents reported having increased their number of business (32 percent) and social (26 percent) relations with other network members after joining the network. Furthermore, 37 percent of the respondents reported having made business agreements with companies external to the network via network contacts, which supports ideas of bridging social capital. More than half the respondents (59 percent) preferred doing business with network members rather than with non-members.Originality/valueBy investigating a local and regional sport club context, the paper adds to our knowledge about sponsorship networks. It emphasizes the potential importance of team sport clubs for the business landscape, thus maintaining that sport clubs fulfill an important role for local communities beyond being mere entertainment industries.